==========================================================================================
վС˵Уȫ-Уȫ-У޴TXTС˵أhttp://www.freexiaoshuo.com/
==========================================================================================
֮ɱ
С˵ߣǳ

ݼ飺
    ҷɱ¼һ̣֪ӵһĹ
    ɵʮǿߣӴľֵٶͻơ
    ҳɱ¾У˵ľ飬ʹոһ
    ŨŨѪܣȾҵӣҵ˫ۡ
    еľ־壬йĿС
    Ҳͣ٣ҪǱ
    ǵΪ̤۷塣
    ضѭɱ֮¾£


һ Ҷ
ЩһﾹȻصĺ֣ѵֻ֪һͨ𣿡
ҿֵ磬ȻĻѾˡ
࣬ӳʼûףΪǱ˲֪ٵѹĸֱɱ֪ѹܲܳܵס
ּҸۡһ䷿֮УʮӰվͷӶģʲô
ǵ񣬽ǿڴϵǵӰĿУͬ飬ķ
Ӱһ꣬ɫ԰ףģ̫ݣȴǳ㣬촽΢ţԸѣǰ΢΢ϢԲƽ
֨
ʱ򣬷ͻȻ򿪣һǳɫŮ߽УŮ˿÷ԵԳ䡣ΣƤ𪣬ӷת֮䣬۲תѵһӡ
С㡣æ
׸绹ûôŮһڴϵ꣬üɵ
ûУСүѾʮˣȻûΣգ֪ΪΣȴûѹһ̾
Ů촽ֵ֪ˣȳȥɡ
ǡ
˹ˡ
÷ֻʣ֮Ůգһ´۾ߵǰ׸磬ѹˣô
ŮĻƽźۼĲһ¡
ͨˣ¸ֲˣŮȴǽһжУ˿ٶȿڵ׸磬֪ģʹ࣬ôһֱȥҲ޼°
ԣë΢ɲĶһ£ȴȻδж
Ҷף
ŮͻȻվһˮӶ꣬ȵҶұˣɱˣ㻹˼ţѵһӶ𣿣ˣڣ̸ҹȥ
Ȼ֪˻ˣ˿̵Ůһ˵˳Ϊֻ֪ˣܹ̼ꡣ
Ȼ䣬Ǻһ԰׵ӿϲŭŮȻĿУЬתߡ
׸磬㲻ҪߣЩĵģֻǡֻ̼̼㡣ҶҪȥŮ¶һĨɫæǰҶ׵ĸ첲ץסǸֳЩˮ
ԣҶ׶һ٣תͷŮίĴ۾֮ʹıԴĶ
ˣǰɱɱˡ
ǵıôʵôǿֻһķѣô죿
Ҳ뱨һʬΣһ۲ˣľһһȫȫķ
˿̵꣬鼫ʹץסԼͷҧø죬˫֮УѪ˿һһת˲䣬ǽ鶼
׸磬ŮˣСϸֳһĨţҶʲô벻ľٶ
˵һôԳһ°

Ҷҧ촽ѪʣԳǱ飬Ҳ֪˶ٱ飬Ⱥһﶼǿһܹ͸ʲôɣǸˣԲңֻһκιķ
׸磬㲻ǷһֱǺģŮȴǼᶨĿҶף棬Ǿǿɫ
ɵѾͷҲֻ㣬ŻôΪɡҶײЦһŮԴ
׸磬ţȥѼĹùôĹ϶һܹġ
ͻȻվδ䣬ϸӰּҵġȥҶĻᶼûС
λ˶˵ˣҽɵڣٶĹҲá
Ҷǳǰʹһδ糱ˮʹҪɱĳ嶯
ҲһҲǷ̤۹ҲҪѡͷʱһҪְЩָˣ
ǸҵˣһһٱһǧĻǣ
Ҷ׷ģҵһҿķȪ·ϣһįԺҵһһһգ
ͻȻ̧ͷ˫Ľ֮УȻ˾˵ĳԼɱ⣬֮ǰԳȫȫʧ
֪ҪԼղ˵ЩޱȵĳصĴۣпܻ
޷ˣɣۼ֤ĸױɱޣ̵ȥ
һ̣ƺȫȥۣһͷֵѪͻ
˭Ҳ뵽ڲõĽҶ׵֣½쳹ǻ֮ˣŷɥ


ڶ ɱ¼
ҹڵգڵԵøɭȻ
֮ǰ꾲վ˫޹Ĵأ
ֲһƺΪҶұ¾춼ɢһ˿ŭԣ·ӣÿһ춼Եġ
˰
һҶ¶һĨԳһӣǶѻʮɫĹˡ
ʮǽģϧǣҶ׷ѾĻһ磬ȴȻûһɹ
壬Ҫǳ׵ĲˡҶɫƽᵭ֮£ȴڲżʹ
һ˵ͻϲˡ
½ϣ˵һЩ幦ҲҪΪ֧ţĻͲֳܳ޶ȵǿѹȡ
ԣ˿̵ҶףͱġûʲôżͲ־ЩΪǿߣܳΪֶΡ
ûа취ô
ҶҧҧĿⲻ䣬Ƴ˴Ǳĺɫ鼮
Ȿ鼮ɫͨĺ죬ͬѪһ㣬Щ㤣䣬ܴŵһ˿Ѫȵζ
Ȿ飬ʱҶ˵Ǳ顯֪ٱ飬ܿģһŵİֽĪ˵֣һıʼûС
ҲΪˣҵЩһûᣬڿһƬհ֮ʱֱӱ˵ϣ˻
һ飬ңкá
Ҷһߵߣ鼮ϰ߰ķ˵һҳ
ݣ
䷭ʱһεѪɫâȻҶ׺޲£ֱӴܽüģ
Ȼˡ
ǿհ׵ҳ棬Ҷͷһ꣬Ȿ˺Ƭ⽻ĶǽǷѹ£Ȼһ̾鼮˴ϡ
ţ
Ȼ鼮ڴϵʱͻǺɫ鼮֮ϣͻȻ˸˵â
Ҷ΢΢һͫΪ֣ɫ鼮ķϣǳ֣
Ҫ֪֮ǰǷ˲֪ٱ飬Ƿ滹ҳ棬ûһּͻȻֵ֣һ
Ƭ֮ǺâʧҶԽŵǰȥֻԭһƬհ׵ķϣ˿ȴǶ֡
ɱ¼
ֵһ˲Ҷ˫ȻѪ죬ɱбҲһ˲ɱѪѸˣҶԼδ˿Ĳ
ɱ¼
Ľ鼮𣬼δ⣬΢һŲڴ漣飬ķ˵һҳ
һƬհ׵ҳ棬֮ʱҲǳЩּ
ɱ¼
ɱҶ
Ƚף
ֵ0
սֵ0
ֵ0
οɱ¼+1
οɱ¼սֵ+1ֵ+1ֵ+5
ɱ¼ɱ1ˣõͬսֵ+1ɱ10ˣõֵͬ+1ֵӣȡڶԷսֵ١
ʵȽֵΪףҩĵرЧΪΣ鵤ҩĵرӾֵսֵֵ
ҳϵһ壬Ҷ˰Σѹ
ɱ¼ν൱Լۺ״̬ȫ͸ֽʽڹ˳Ҷ˲ףɱ¼˼
ɱʵ
˵ȹа벻֮ȴ˷쳣ΪԭͲʱɱ¼˵棬ǱǿԴǡͷ˵ںڰеһ⣬ϣ
ʧ٣ĸױɱԼֲ
ҶףǱǣ·ֻһ˲ںֺαȥںˣ
ɱ
ҶѪɫֽ棬΢΢һĨЦݣŻȵձ޼ɵĿЦ
һգɱ֮ˣ֪ҵʵ̶ֳȡ
Ҷк˸֪ڵԼҵУֻϣҲΪԼΪϣǲûнԼɱӶԼʱ䡣
ɱ¼Ƿ죬ֻҪС£̣Ҷţһ죬֮˻ữΪӴľֵΪԼǿ֮·ϵһ塣
Ŀƣһ֣Ҷ״˿̻ý֮״̬
ɱҶ
Ƚף
ֵ5㡾һأ10㡣
սֵ1㣨Ƚӣװӡҩӡĵرӡӡ
ֵ1㣨ĵرƷһ
ҶѾɱ¼ȴֻͨˣ佱5㾭ֵ̤һأҪ5ľֵֻ̤һأʿ
½ϣ۹ڶ࣬Ƚףȴ൱ͳһҶΪͨˣҲȽײǶôϡǣȻ֮
ʮأԪ鵤񾳡ǻʾʥ򾳡쾳ֻؾת𾳡
ΪʮأԼֻؾΪת֮⣬磬ַΪСɡɡ۷塣
ԭһֱȴ޷󼰵ĸ־磬ҶڵѪȻ˶ġͷҪ˰


 һֵ
񻹽ƽһ飬Ҷ
ȻԹΪӳļܣ½ϣҶ֪Ƚףµȡеȡϵȡסʽסס۽ס
סʽסס۽ĴεǷΪͼм߼
ȻˣֲεǲҶҲֻһƷڣȴҲѾҸȥ
Ҷתʱɱ¼ϣǳЩ壬֮ǰ
ʯȭµ
ֵ5
սֵ+5
̽
;̽ⲻԼϵ˵ۺ״ֵ̬

һµһ
µҶ׵ûж⣬ֻǿĻҪ5ֵֻ1㣬ԣҪ취
еЩȵǸȻ̽˵״̬Ǻܺ棬֪̽״̬ģܺԼ״̬һǼ񵽱ˣϾ֪֪ˣս
ʯȭҪſҪȥɽЩ޵鷳ˡҶ૵
׸磬ʲôأʱͻȻһŮ
ҶתͷֻվſڣŮͤͤ¹ӳ£һĨĻȡ
û¡ҶЦЦ˿̵鵹Ǽá
ȻЦݣȴǱԳ΢תɱ¼ϣǰ˵Ҳ֪ܣֻһհ鼮ĻԲǧġ
ԣҶ΢΢һ㶣ƺѾͷȻǿ֡
˿ӦֻԼܿɱ¼ˡ
ɡҶģɵЦ
ĿҶһۣƺ˿̵飬ûԼô
׸磬Щ˿ͬСɽѻĹСʵȻѾ³˽ȴǺ´ĵط
Ҷ΢΢ҡͷЦûȥɣѾԼĹˡ
΢΢һ㶣С쳤󣬾ģ
ͬҶ״С浽󣬿ν÷֪ͬʮҶ˶ٵĹһ⣬ȫʧܣʱֱ˵ǱըԵϢЩȡ
š
Ҷ΢΢һЦƷתѪɫɱ¼̻Ϊһ⣬룬ʧ
⡭
һĻǾȵĺϲ£죬Ƭ֮һ㣬ͻȻסҶף˵˵̫ˣ׸ˣҾ֪Ȿ϶ǲƽģԺ׸ҲܳΪǿඣ
Ůϵ㴫УҶ񲻽һ磬ЦСѾͷԺҪŬˣȻĻǻᱻҸϵŶ
ߣͱȱȣ˭Ŀ죡СǣǰģǷǳɰ
ԣҶ΢΢һЦεĵӦݰɣ
νݡݣδ̤֮Чá
ȻС
̵ͷȻţȥá
˵㲻ͨǮƱܹ򵽣10һּ꣬ҵĵ̣Ī˵һ꣬óʮ꣬Ҳ൱ɡ
ŮȥӰҶ¶һĨЦһˣ˼СŮҪЩ˰
һٴ˻С˵ģȻУûƬ̵ͣ١
׸磬20ݣţٸ˵
һӣǴϣ̳ЩɢɫâСݣɢݡ
£׸ţ糿㡣
䣬Ҷ׿ڣһ̵ĹϷţԶȥ
Ѿͷ
Ҷ׿ЦĿһĻĵ׵Щж20ݣҲǼֵ200ˣ㹻һͨ˼ҳһġ
֪һݣܹһٲֵҶаҪݣȻΪȽ׿ͨɱޣɱݣΪ˶һֵӶѸٵսֵ
һɱ¼ٴγ֣ҶһݣķϣֻһɺâȻҳд˳ݰƬ֮󣬲ϵģҳ֮ϣǳһ塣
1ֵ4ݡ
ˣҶüͷһ壬ֵͦ󣬾ȻҪ4ݲܶһһ㣬Ҫ֪ƽͻƵһأҲҪ߰ݱɣ߰ݣȴֻܶһֵ
Ƭ̣ҶֱӶһ16ݣǲֵҲǱ5㡣
ҪȡֵˡҶͷЩȲҹ޸񣬴˿̵ͳ嵽ɽȥˡ

ҶԺĺľ⣬Ů˫֣żڵϻȦȦϣһĨЦ⻺֡
׸磬Ҳò˼Сʱ۸Ǿҵء
ڴ׸羹ȻǱ飬Ժ϶
ҪŬˣ׸糬Խ˵˼Ҳѵһأ
¹£Ůﻺص̵ͬЩ壬Ժ󣬹һƬˡ


 һ
գһƳԻأҶױѸٵĴЩΪδ˯һ˫Щ죬ɫԵò԰ס
Ȼ״̬û˷ӵȲϾڱ˿Ϊƽһأȴʮһֱľ硣
ѣһˣ
⽫ǶҶδõݡ
5㾭ֵӦûܿɡҶһɱ¼ǳ֣΢΢һЦͷ૵
һҪľ10㣬֮ǰ5㣬ԣֻ5ͻơ
飡
ʱͻȻ죬ƺֻʽϵţҶ׿ڣһǳɫǴ˽
ô׸磬ﵽһûУŮգŴ۾ﾡڴ
㿴ôҶ׿Ц
ԣüʱҶɨһȦɵôӣѵݲȥһЩ
˵꣬ѾͷתҪܡ
ҶæסԴЦѾͷǼӣҿû˵Ϊݲԭ򡣡
ΪʲôԻ
ٺ٣ĹǺǲһءҶһЦ
ҶصӣС죬ȻûڣҶױǵɣȥɽһˣĻҽӦþͻˡ
𣿡
գһ´۾Ҷ׵ͷ֮æǿ߰ɡ
š

ּڵӣΪɽ򡯡
ɽУּҿ˵ļ壬ԭҶҴڣּҵʵ޼ҵûʲôԹϵãҲΪˣּҼ񺣲ŻҶұ¾ʱðճ֣Ҷ׸
ǵȻȣּҶҵӣ˵ǲֵһᣬȻðǵΣճȣԿ֮Ĺϵ
ҵǣжƺæѰʲôܿȥˡĻǻΪ񺣾Ҷ׶Ǩŭּҡ
ɽܣһƬ಻ϵɽɽʻ״ɽ򶼸Ȧֻһ˹ٵСͨϰǵġ
Ƭɽɽ˳ΪɽɽһЩͨҰ֮⣬֮ޣʱЩ޻ɽ򣬵ǱּҺҶΪ׵Ӹַ֮£Ҳûʲô̫Σյ
ɽϣһ۵СУӰߡ
Ѿ޵ĵˣһЩͼڴ˳ûʵҲҪСǰУϾЩޣǳȺӵġ
н֮УҶ£á̽̽һۺ״̬ȻóĽȴ¶˿Ц֮ɫ
塣
״̬۷
ʵȽף
ۺսֵ
̽̽ģֻԼ壬䱾״̬ҪĵȽ׺սֵһЩʺţ˱˵ĵȽףѾԼ硣Ҳ˵СӵʵȻϣ
ҲǣɽСǴʮұ㿪ʼʮʱ򣬲Ļܴﵽһػ߶ɽСеٮٮߣܴﵽؾϣҲûʲôֵˡ
׸磬ƬشޣʵһͶ֮䣬򲻹ǧҪǿЩɲ顣
СЩģһ·̸УҲ֪ҶҪɱޣԭǴҶ׳ֵģϾҶֻһͨˣҶȴǾܾˣĻ˵Ǵ򲻹ʱٳ֡
֪Ҷ׵ԸȻЩǣҲûǿ󣬱ϾҲ֪ҪΪǿߣ֮Ǳزٵġ
𡫡
̸֮䣬һͺͻȻţǰֱ΢΢ĲʱһͷҰޣȻд˳
һޡͷޣԵһһ㵽ͷҲüֽС
Ҷ׵˵ͷǰ˫۳̽Ϣʩչ˳
Ұͨޡ
״̬۷
ʵȽףһ
սֵ10㡣
һ̽ãνֵ쾡¡
һޣȻ10սֵҿǿ10Ҷͷ
ƺҲܵǰŮΣУһ˫ɺֻǽ˶ţû̹
Ƭ֮ƺЩͣͺһתҪȥ
ȻʱҶȴͻȻкɫֵȻ£ֱͷ­ȥ
𣡡
ЩɵɶҶףͱֵĲôˡ
ҶͻȻ֣ɫһǰ㶸Ȼ̤أ֮һת׵ıǽҶ׵Ĺ㿪屩һ˫ںɫǣ׼Ҷױ˹ǴУԻὫҶ׵嶴
Ҷɫ΢΢һ䣬Ȼû뵽ķʴļһﾹȻ˵һҧӲֹסֵǰƴһ㣬ҪĶȥ
飡
ʱ˿̣ǲܣһһ޾뼫ǴϢ֮䣬ݺݵײһ
飡
Ҷһǵľ˫۷飬ھ𣬲ĵɳ֮Զ

ҰǲܣĵУݺݵϣܿɭɭ׹ǣѪҵʹ䲻ϵĲҽУӸڵϼҵķţƺԴйϴľʹ
ˣҶкâһҲϵʹְһԴʯ飬ǺݺݵԴϡ
飡
ѪŽֵͲϣ˿̱ҶôһңС
ϾޣǿƣȴûõֱҶ˲֪ٴΣûһ˿ʱ򣬷ֹͣ
׸磬û°ɣǾĶǵսСǽսᣬæǰʵ
û¡ҶЦ
ԭЪϢһҶߵǰ䳹ûϢóɱ¼Щŵķ˵һҳ
ϣ˿̵ɱ¼ϣҶ׵״̬ı䡣
ɱҶ
Ƚףһ
ֵ0أ50㡿
սֵ12
ֵ5
ˣҶ𣬳ĴЦ쳹
Ѿõ˰


 
ͻôҶ׵ɫҲǴǰգŴ۾˵ʵ
š
Ҷ΢΢ͷһһѪɫǻ֣
ڽһʱǳڣĳ൱죬ûκεǰ࣬ҶͻƵɲǣͻȻˡ
ԴˣҶײûж⣬Ͼɱ¼ĹֻͬҪܹãģں
ͬʱ֮ѸٵȫʶǸոպҰսɵһЩƣ֮£Ծ˵ٶȻָ
ǡ
Ҷ֮ϵѪɫ΢΢һ׸磬ŸոͻƣȻˣ
һ£ոͻһҪһЩʱգܲģҩศĻٶȵǻһЩ
ҶոͻƾͲģ˵ˣû˵
Ҷһ߬ʱʧСԴЦŵҲ˵ҸĹǲһŶ
ͺãͬСװĵСԴȻҲΪҶܹˡ
ǰͺá
ҶƽһԼľԶ૵ܹ˰
׸磬㣬һЩһģʱһ֪Ϊжô޴СҲǲһ㺮˪ҧ˵
߰ɣѰޡҶĵĳѹ£Ц
˿̵ѾͻƵһֵҲѾ㹻±ǽʯȭˡ

ϢʯȭӡҶ׵Ժ֮УִƺʯȭѾһ㣬Ҫĥû˿İС
Ҷʯȭ֮ɱ¼ϵ5ֵҲٶȱһ㵰
׸磬ͷޣʱͻȻ
Ҷպ˼תͷһֻŮٵĳͷҰһС֮׷
ǣͨޡ
״̬۷
ʵȽףһ
սֵ16
Ҷͷ޵֮ʱԺ֮УǳһϢ̽Ӧˡ
16սֵ6㡭
Ҷйâһ΢ƣڵңǺ͸ղŲһˡ
ܽ𣿡ҶױϾǸոͻƣƿӦò̫ãвЩǡ
Ⱪǿɲһ־ͷҶһ˶ϣЩ׶༪١
Ӧû¡
ҶЦЦҲԥŲһ̤棬Ӱ͵س֮ǰٶȿոտĸֵһε˳ȥ
𡫡
ˣͷǵͺһȳζ֮ɢһ˫֮ɫһţǷֱҶ׶
׸СģͷǾȻƻһǰһΧæѣͬʱַתۣһҶΣգǻһʱ
ѣҶ΢΢ͷһֱͣӽͷǵĹֵͬһ㣬ֱǰͷǵĸȥ
ಣ
ⱩҶ׸ı乥ƣӶʱһһֲ˼ĽǶѸȥ
ͬʱΪǰͷǵǣƣҶ׶ɵöһ٣ҲʱͷͻȻɢȳζʹţݣĶҶԴ˺ҧȥ
ߣȵľ㣡
ҶһֵһգȻתȭЯݺݵĶǱǵͷ˹ȥ

乥֮ʱȭ֮ϣһĨѪɫĹâһţɱҲҶɢ˿
ǱڰգͲ㣬Ҷ׵ȭͷֱײʱ䣬貵ѪɫâҶȭ˿
飡
Ǳǵݱֱҳ˷飬ͷ­âı֮£һըѶ׽֯Խһأյ棬Ϣȫޡ

ԶҶ׵ȭͷȵĳСҶܹڱӵѾԾˣû뵽ǰ߾ȻɹˣѵΪȥʮ̫ѹĲ
ǣǴأ
𾪣Ҷȴûںһͷ֮󣬶˿ͣиֵһӣ˫ȭͬѸٵĺһѪɫâҲҫ̺ĵɱñжЩ־塣
飡
ץסһҶ׽Ƶıһȭ飬㽫ͷëץסƳȭâƣݺݵⱩǵԴ֮ϡ

ҶǿҪ߳ͨ࣬һȭ֮£ĽǵԴ
飡
ǵʬڵϣҶɫҲЩ԰ףԼڱϾֻһأղսͷޣЩģٳֵͷޣֻˡ
׸磬ǻ鵤ԿٲġҶɫ԰ףæǰóŵҩ
ҶҲӹ֮һš
䣡
ҩ¶ǣŨʱɢҶ׵תЩǻΪѪɫǻ鵤ȫʧ֮ʱҶ׾ȵķ֣ԼƺȸղŻҪһ˿


 ٶͻ
ɱҶ
Ƚףһ
ֵ8㡾أ50㡿
սֵ19
ֵ0
óɱ¼ٴβ鿴һ˿̵״̬ı䣬սֵΪɵͷǣ2㣬19㡣
սֵǸۺʵģҶԭȱ1սֵɱͷ޵õ3㣬һ10㣬Ȼ󣬱ʯȭӵ5㣬19㡣
ֵֻ8㣬Ҫ50㾭ֵͻƵĶأ42㣬Ȼɱһص޵ĻҲҪٸɵʮͷ
ûͻƵʱ򣬻ɱһͷһصޣ5㾭ֵͻˣٻɱһصޣֻ4㣬ԺҪԽս˰Ҷͷ
ò˵Ȼ򵥣ӴľֵҲܴģֻǻɱͬޣڽľҪ»ԽԽѡ
ʱһֱѰһصޣҵǱҶ׸ɵ
Ҷ20սֵԸһصޣνֵֻҪȺӵޣһ֮ڽɵ
ңÿɱһͷͬȼޣսֵһ㣬ʱʱ̵̿£Ҷ׼ֱЩһ޵جΡ

飡
˸Ҷһȭǰˮ׳䱬֮ϣٴ¶һĨЦݡ
ʮһͷˣ⣬ӦѾͻ˰ɡ
һҶóɱ¼Ѿı֮ʱϵЦݣҲ𽥵
ɱҶ
Ƚף
ֵ2㡾أ100㡿
սֵ50
ֵ0㡣
11ͷޣ͸Ҷ44㾭ֵ֮Ǹ11սֵͻƵӵ20սֵ˿̵Ҷף50սֵ
ŨҶͻȻƳȭݺݵĺһԵʯϡ
飡
Ѫӿֱǽʯĩ
׸磬㡭ͻˣ㵵һĻܵҶڵ״ֻ̬дﵽطܹеġ
Ҷûлش𣬵ϵЦݣȴѾ𰸡
ˣŮӶʱɵùԲһ֮УҶѾΣͻһֱ֮ӱ۳һ֮ڣһεͻƵأٶȣƿֲ
ܴﵽ˳̶ȵˣ½ϲûУϾ½һЩ֮Ҷй֮
ʶܹ˳̶ȣʵЩţҶ׵ꡣ
ƲߣΪҶڹȥʮʵǱ˲֪ٵĳֲҶ׵֪ȫ߸һ޷ĳ̶ȡ
׸磬ǰ㣬òǹⲻİɣŮ۾ɰͰ͵ĿҶףӣЩɰ
˵أҶױӶһЦ̲סѾͷԴƺԸĶ
ԴƬ̣գҡҡͷ
ӣǰľĻҲﱻǸɱˡҶ䣬Щɱ⡣
ŶǽɱްɡӦһҶɫԣæתƻ⡣
Ҷ΢΢ͷͷĳޣȴǶµЩ
ಣ
ʱǰĹľͻȻһϸ죬Ƭ֮һͷǼ̵ޣ˳
ޣͨ
״̬
ʵȽףؾ
սֵ15
״̬
Ҷǰͷޣüͷ΢壬ͫһⶾ޵ĸһ޴˿ڣ˿ЩѪϵ䣬ܿЩࡣ
һ˿ڣӦǱõġŶޣüȻѪЩС
ȻҵǰǲգҲ̫ûеһ㡣
Ҷ΢΢һЦӿƬ֮󣬱ǻΪһѪɫȭâһۿȥЩʵʰӡ
ʯȭ
ҶһӰȻ50սֵȫȭâ֮ϣľ磬׼ޱ˹ȥ
Ƕ޼ˣûܣ˶гײ֮ɫȫ̸ı䷽ֱֱҶ׳˹
۷״̬ƴһһе㼬֣ڣ
ҶһĨ䣬ȭͷٶȸ죬Ƕޣ˾ҵײ
꣡
ûκε⣬ȭâԴݿ̬Ǽ̸ҶϣȻƲߵĺǶ޵Դ֮ϡ
飡
ԴѣѪĽصޣҶ׵һȭ֮£ֱӱ
10㾭ֵ㲻
Ҷײ鿴һɱ¼ִ˿̵ľֵѾﵽ12㣬ľ飬һصࡣ
أҪ100ľֵһͷޣɻǲడ
׸磬ϼʲô
һԵҶÿɱһͷޣóǱһЩ棬ǰϸĿ˿Ȼһֶûп
ӣ׷ѾˣصĶֻһ˲ܿءҶЦŵ˵Ķͷ
Ŷ
Ҷײ˵Ҳ׷ʣҶ׵ֱʾ
쵰㾹Ȼҵ
ͻȻ䣬һУҶ׺ͬʱ̧ͷֻӰվڹľԵĲԶмһɫøֵŭɫղǻӦþ˵ġ


 ͻ
ԣվһһŮģӦ¡
˿̣Ǻ˫ֱأЦĿҶ׺ŮԵЩţʱץסĸ첲С䶯ƺȰ⡣
ƣ
״̬۷
ʵȽף
սֵ45

պ
״̬۷
ʵȽף
սֵ80

Σ
״̬۷
ʵȽף
սֵ30
̽Ϣʩչǰ˵Ϣ̳ҶԺ
µΪƣպŮȻΡ
䣬ƺο¶ûҶ״ֻպ൱䣬Ǵﵽأ츳Ҳͦǿ
ͨ̽ҶҲ֪ԼսֵͨҪǿ̫࣬صƶûԼ࣬ϾÿɱһͬȼϵĶ֣ܹ1սֵɴ˿ɼɱ¼ľǿơ
߰ɡҶɨһۣͷ֮󣬱ǳŲ෽ȥ鷳ǡ
վס
ȻպȴǴһӰԾҶǰԷŭû˵Ļ𣿡
Ҷüͷ壬ƽ𣿡
ԣպ˿վһԣͤͤ΢΢һָűҶ׻ɱޣⶾȷֵģѾҴˣұ㽫ɱȴǱǸˣʲô˼
Ҷ׺֮ǰҲǼǶ޸һ˿ڣԲûбֵ̫ǿᣬ֮ǰ֪ǵ˭ɱɱһЩ¾ȥô
ŮͬպһλǰƣǽŲһ٣˸â
磬ˣȻͷѾˣȥɱһͷǡǰ˵
޿ɲôҵģҪ˲ܵõĴ̣˭֪ûƲĺߺߵ
״ͷĻ˻ֱ֣˵ɣҪӡ
࣬500СպЦеĵ
ʲôɴȥˣ
ĿóǶȴֵۣǿˣպǹΪԼһͷޣĪ˵500ӣ200ֵ
100ӣҪҪ˵ţҲó200ɼԷΪԼľƢҲˡ
ǿɲУŽⶾ޸ˣͷȴǸɱˣ100ӣҪĶպЦ
ǿҶ׺ʵһأһأͲ˵Ķ֣˵ҲԵЩ
ҪǲҪ̻ϡأպ˵ᣬǲ΢
˵ʲôԣպƵɫҲҲȰ⣬ȻҲЩЩ
ϻǱ˵ˡ
Ҷ˫Ŀ΢̧ƽǲ붯ôǱɡ
СӣҵҪƾʲô˵ִ󻰣
һӰֱӳҶף˫ȭ֮â֣ȻֱӶ
ҶȻ鷳ڵҲӣƶ֮󣬵ҲǽŲһ̤棬ӱ֮ߣһȭ˹ȥ
Ƕ֣Ҳûţ֮ϺӿӰ˸ǳպǰ
СѾͷɱ֪ô
պЦһӿʱײ
ԶվԭأСЩԥãվûж֡
飡
ҶһǶԺ䣬ǿӿӴɲǣ˱һ˻֮Զ
ʯȭ
Ҷû˿ԥŲոأǱӿ˳ѪɫѸٸұۣջΪһȭͷȭâֱӺ˹ȥ
СЩŹ֡
ɫԲ԰ףղźҶ׵һǶƽ֣ڵѪȴЩ䶼˿˿⡣
ҷƣ
ҶٴγҲϸ룬ͺһѸ۳һֻɫƣҶ׵ȭâ˹
飡
ͳڴ˿̴ܾ֮ȥ涼һɳ
ƣ
ɳɢ֮ҶͻȻһȣȭâ֮ϵѪɫͻȻǣƬ̵ӡⱩ֮£ֱ飡
꣡
ӡݻ٣Ҷ׵ȭͷȴƲߣĽϣݺݵĺ֮ϡ
ͣ
ƺһһѪֱ˳ӰǵɳףǱˤ˵ϡ
ˣҶͫâһɱӿ֣Ų̤棬ӰԾǰ侪Ŀ֮УһȭǶԴȥ
Ҫ
һĻһֱڹս䣬ߺȵ
ԣҶһ
Ƭ֮еĺâˣ伴Ӵ沿ȭͷҲǶȻͣס
ˣҪɱҸ硣ˮС԰׵İ
׸磬ɡһƺպҲǿ˵

ҶȭͷĿһۣ
ԭҶҲ뽫ɱģϾ˫ûжĳԹղŵһ˲䣬ɱȫʴԺǿҶұ¾һĻĻεߺȣ´˿̵ƣͻˡ
Ȼû֮ǰεĲ֮£ߵպߡ
Ǻְ
պһۣ㲻ᣬ±ˣպˣ


ڰ 
պȥ֮ҲµûӦϰռҵˣ֪ӵķ磬ȻܵɽˡҿղûнƻɱȻĻ¾ͻ鷳ˡ
Ҷ۾΢УˣԺ鷳ҲСˡ
û취ռǿ߲٣ֶڶ࣬ǽȫĻ˵ᱻռǿɽǻɽɣһʱǣɽǿɾͲ鷳ôˡ
۵ӣֵռҵ֪ӦҲֺ֮飬ԺһбǾб½š
šҶ׵˵ͷ
ˡ
ͻȻҶףգŴ۾׸磬ôͻȻôˣƿصʿأһΣһȭˣòԭɣ
˵Ȼǡʯȭ
Ҷ΢΢ҡͷЦǣʯȭͬµܴΪĲͬҵҪͨǿࡣ
ҲΨܲһһȥܡ
ǻɱ𣿡ĵ˵ͷʵ
ȻȥɣѾأ׾ͻˣȻȥҼһ¡Ҷ΢΢Ȼ˵
Ҫľֵ100ҶҪͻƣɱϵȻѡ񣬲սԸһ޿ԣǿһģԵЩ׽ˡ
ԣȻȥһЩսֵȥŻɱ޵ʱ򣬲Σյľء
һغͶصȻôֵǮЩҲһٶءͳһµĺɰҶ׽ɱ޶ġ
ޣ㶼ˣЩ˿Թʿԣǿڷ̯
Ҷ׿һۺɰ΢΢һЦջķᣬõôˣͻƵأǰȣν˷츲صı仯
߰ɣؼң

ɽּҸۡ
죬ּһЩͣԵø֣֮£ȴǳһЩա
Ҷ׺˸ոճڸۡſڣſڵæǰС㣬үүһȥ
ŸۡſͣŵһЩʵˣ
š
ҶһۣϰμҵСүүġ
ԣüһ壬Ҷһۣ֪ˣȥ
߽ۡ߱ߵ׸磬μҵС㣬ǽϰɣȹһΣ϶֪ҷ飬㱨ˡμұҼҪ࣬ʱҲ˵Ҫ޸㣬ҪߵĻҲġԺһ᳣ȥġ
ŮԴζĻҶ̲סЦЦԴСӣʲôأûһĻҵүô
ߣ˭֪Ǹһʲô
ʮǰҶʱĸһȥϰǣ˲Сĵеϣǽ
ʱ䶼СͬҼһ㣬˵ԺһҪ޸Ҷס
ҲɽҶףȻ԰黹Щ¶ȴҲԶԷЩøС
ȻȴǲûгãҶʮ꿪ʼɽʱԽԽˣȥ꣬һû
ԴˣҶײûҲûȥϣµó֮Իˣ¾ΪԼ
߽ͻȻţҶЩ⣬ѵ˵ҶұٵϢŸģ
˼䣬˻
˿̣ټĻУһЩˣĸ񺣣ԼּҵһЩ֮⣬һЩİˡ
Ҳ񺣵λһһŮҶ£ڻЦ̸š
Ů֮ʱҶײ㶣ӽûϵò൱ı仯
ں˿ͷк£һֽӸڵסһֳ֮СϣټΪ£ЦȻ䣬ڳһЩӲĿȥǰļ͸Σһ֮
ȣֻģͬû崿Ůνǲɫ
϶棬үЦ˵ЩʲôӢӣ͵Ц֮£ǶһεּһЩ˲赹ˮѾ߲ʱȥ
Ҷ׺ڻʱֵնʱΪ֮һһĿǿ˹
ϺƺҲܵյĸı䣬˵Ŀ⿴ȥվڻſڵӰ֮ʱ֮ϣʱֳ˲һ顣
ǾԼ죬ԣҶƬ̣¶˵Цݡ


ھ ̫ûԶ
ּҸ֮ۡУΪҶ׺ĵ΢΢ðһЩ
ҶײźۼĿһ֮ˣּҵڿʱ򣬽¶ͬԼɫ
ֱ飬Ҷüͷ΢΢̧ĿֻλϵɫЩѿԼʱ̾˿
ô£ҲյĹ죬תͷһߵѾʵ˲赹ˮӦû֪һЩʲô
Ѿ߿˿Ҷף촽Ȼ˵С㣬үɡ
ԣҶüͷĸ߰ɣȽȥ
߽̾һڵϰμҵǧϣӦʶ
ˣҶ̧ͷһۣ˵ͷ
λҵĹӣԡָָԣֵ
Ҷ׺䱧˱ȭǴк
Ҳվ˵ͷһЦ˵ּǧ𲻵츳죬ƯһȻ鴫
ǺǣСŮȻ蹫ȣȴడЦ˵
ԵһЦһۣ
˶ԻʱϵĿ⣬һֱҶϴţҶڵ֮ʱɵһ㶣֮ϣ¶˾֮ɫ
Ŀ⣬ҶֻǵһЦǻӦǰλãҲֻǱİԵĺһЩ
蹫ӺСͻȻţӦʲôɣ񺣣ʵ
񺣳Ƭ̣׵ġ
Ŷ
ϣתתЦϽǽӽûɽأؽ˵׸飬ǰ׸統ȹĶɣ
ԣԭƽɫͻȻЩѿ
ﵹǼΪʵ֮ǰղԵʱѾ³һЩʲôⷬ˵ġ
Ҷ״Сһ浽ϵ飬ҲҶ˵֪ϿΪҶײԱߵ֮ʱǶûʲôӡ
˵
ҶԴǳ˵һϵְֻһѣ㲻ʲô飬Ըˣ˵ֱʣСĪҪ֡
ᡣ졣
ǺǣС˵ҲʵҶֵȣСϿĻΣա
ͻȻվЦǰЩӣ˵ҶּһЩ飬Сｹ쳣Ҵһ¡
䣬֣ʱ̧ɫľ䣬֮ӽ֮򿪣ȫǰ׻
ǧԭһЩҩģ˵Ҷԭ򣬲ԱֱӻһЩǮƣҶЦɡЦ
ô˻ҶһУּҵǣҲ¶˸ɫ
Դ˻ǹģеķζȴ൱ԣںαض˵Щûõģ
ҩּҶУ׸粢ôϡλĺ⣬׸ˣЩûȥɡȻҲܹԵļСӿһĨãҶ׿ڣһӣĵ
˵ĲӣƤ˶ּе̣֪ģЩСϲԶǧԣϣҶܹЦɣҲȴҶֵСϵľ֮
ߣһֵǧӣǿЦ˷ۣ¶һĨ˵ҲΪ

ɫһǳ˵䣬׺С֮£Ųʲô
Ȼǵ飬һҲٲ졣õĿһۣ񺣶ˣҲֻб͡
ϱѿɫĻ֮£ԵЩ԰ס
˵ҲҶĳ˵ģЩǻûȥɡҶ׿˿ϣ
СƺЩҪһ£Сµδޣԣ飬ҵҲǷʸܡЦ΢
˻һһεİ
Լּ˵Ŀ⣬ҶϣȻҲ֪Ҷ֮Ĺϵǰ̸Ц˵ҶܹȢϣСӵĸϾϰǿɲɽμҶһý֦
ȻΪҶײ֮ĴҲԽԽ٣˶ܲµ϶ñʹ쳣ʹϼʹ
ԸǵҶ׵棬ֱ˵δޣǵǺ뿴Ҷ׻Ӧ
˵˻֮ԭѿɫͻȻƽ̧ڵԽ˵Ļȫҵ˼ҵδ˼ҵ˼
ô
ոջ㲻ٳԣһϵĻɵ¶һĨߺߵҿǼǵĳ˵˵Ҫ޸׸硣ôż겻Ͳصµĳŵˣ
Ǻǣ˵Ůʮ˱䣬ÿ죬ıҲ
˵һ仰
Ҷ׵ֱۣӽϣ̺Ų֪ǼǱģδϹ㡭̫ûԶˡ


ʮ 
㣡
ĻЩͲסЩ࣬ߵҳϣҵ˵ǵ꣬Ҷ׵ֻЩ¶嶯˵ʱĻ㲻
֪㲻ΪʲôҪ˵ƳһۣЦ
ˡ
ԼϻڣüҲùڼƽϣϾֻ˵˵ѣûǩʲôЭ顣
ǽҲܵģֻΪ˳Ҷ׶СϵǷݾ֮Ȼǲ飬Ҳֻøǡ
һһɫ֣ǰݸҶףǳǻҶ°ɡ
νǻᡯʵҲϰǾٰһαϰǹϽ֮µгһǰȥд裬ǰһЩԼȥ֮һȸǲμӡᡯ
ǻһһȣ˵ϰֵĻʱ򣬽ſϰǣУȻǼӶࡣ
ܻϰģһЩʵϵļ壬ּҺҶңϰǹϽ֮µڶ֮УֻµȣճͲյ
Ҷ׿ʱ΢΢һǻȻ
ϰĴ壬ұ֮һңֱռҡμҡҡ
Ĵ壬ǳ˳֮⣬ϰǵĴÿһĳǻᣬǶȨԼ£ַ佻õļ壬ܻЩ壬ڳǻıУ󷽲ų֡
һЩеһõıȻҲһЩ΢еʵܹȡǰʮǻõһЩ
ʱͻȻ͸ҶһȥЩ˾ϲʵȴ̺һЩʩƵζ
еüȴûٿڡ
ɲͬǧ˵ܾͿԾܾģѡ񣬻ҪȡҶס
ּҲǿҶף֪Ҷ״̬ҪڳǻȡʲôɼǲܵģĻǲô
ŰɣҶ״̬ҪȹļĻǺܼѵġϿҶףڵ
ĻǳֱӵĴҶ׵еش˻֮ʱҶ׵ɫ˲ǳ
Ҷ֣Сûп˼ǴμҵءЦЦ˵ȻЩڲġ
ڶĿע£Ҷ˫ָ󣬻ת͡
ԣ˽һ㶣űǷӦ˹
һֱǲЦݵӣڴ˿̳Ҷ׻ܣҲ߻ᲪȻŭδҶ׻ƽĽֱܾ֮ͻͺҶϢĸһƣһǺ֡
ҶףɲĲҪ𣿡üٴʵ
λɣĿһۣ°ͣ
ȻˣǾͲǿ
һ㽫ӽʢװĺľ䣬ɫѿһ±ǳǻˣϣʱܹҶֵӰлᣬҵҶдһ¡
ǣ
Ҷ˿û˼ɫ˱ȭתߡ
ɫӵĿ˿Ҷףջûпڣһͬȥ
ǳ׵ʧ߾ͷּ֮ˣŸֶ꣬
ȻҶֺľܾҲеЩȣһЩҶйģȴǳЦϾ뿿һ֮ǳǻ֮ȡóɼڳ˵Ρ
ɢ˰ɡ񺣻˻֣ڶæȥ
ף飬Ѿ˵ˣǳǻϣ󱲣Ҫ𣬿ɲʲô򵥵°񺣿Ҷף̾Ϣ
壬зִ硣ҶЦ
ԣҲٶ˵ʲôҶ׵ļתȥ
׸磬ղ˧
ֻʣҶ˵ʱǰ̱ĵҶǰЦǸһٽ񣬲ͳĺһô˵ᷳ˭ҪƵģҸղſǺܺأ
ֲؤɲҪʩĶҶŮԴЦ˵
׸磬ңȥҼЦһ˸ûӰ
Ѿͷ
Ҷ׿Цҡҡͷתͷգ૵ǻô
İɣῴҵġ
ǣῴҵġ
£Ӱֱ۵ϣһĨļ֮ɫ
úĳǻϣһȥңеˣĿɿڴ


ʮһ 
ɫİҹҲǻ٣һ£ʳ֡
Ҷױǻص֮Уż鼮ǽΪġ
⼸ּҵµϴģһе
µ˵ձĻеҪˣּңҲֻȼѡ
Ҷ׷һ£ǲе֮⣬Ĳµ
࣬ȫϾֵĻغķѵʱҲ൱
ңӵսֵҲѻģҶǿȡһ10սֵһ20㣬ӵսֵ20Ϊο
ԣ̫Ҷ׵ĺôûж󣬷Ϊ̫ͽһЩ
ƣȷӰȭ
Ҷ׽ĲȫһߣȻɱ¼ϣĲҪĲֵԼӵսֵʱ˳
ơµ
ֵ6
սֵ+8
Ӱȭµ
ֵ6
սֵ+8
µ
ֵ6
սֵ+8
ȷµ
ֵ7
սֵ+10
ĲµҪĲֵӵսֵǳİҶǰҶײɵþּ̾µǼȷӵսֵȻҵʯȭһ
ҪĲֵҲٰҪĲֵҶ׶ʱЦ
ڸûʲôǮ֮ǰõЩˣҲֻʮӶѣͲ֧Ĳֵ
ʱĻҪȥҩȡһˡҶװ
ҩȣǺɽһɽȣΪҩڶ࣬Աֱԡҩ
Ȼˣ鱦ػģҩȵҩ˵㲻鱦Ҳвٵ̾ᣬҪҩ죬֮ɡ
һ£ҪҩȣҲҪﵽصĵزȻĻͲЩ޵Ķ֣ȥҲ
ҶײͬȻأսֵȴǱػҪ࣬˵ﲻصĳ̶ȣһ·ɱЩޣսֵҲһЩ˵Ļܹأʱʵȫ
Ƭ̣ҶֽĿе֮ϡ
е
ֵ16
սֵ+25
˻
ЩֵʱҶײһû뵽еȻǿȼµһսֵ
ȻˣҪĲֵҲ൱ӴģĻҪ600ҵİ600ȫԹһͨ˼ҳʮˡ
еĻҲҪ߰ʱ䣬ǻҲֻһˣҲûôʱɹġ
Ҷ״뷨˵߰죬ƽ֣ʣҪʱӦû
֨
ʱſͻȻϸ΢죬Ҷתͷһֻ΢бţһβԴ͵͵̽ĴȻѰҶס
Ҫˣ͵͵ĸҶױŮӶ̲סЦ
ߣֱ㷢ˣһ㶼档
˽ȤҶߣ۾գһ£׸磬Ҹղ˵һϰǵʦϵһЩ˵һأҪҪȥ
Ŷ
֣ҶҲһȤʵʲô
ǵͽ׵ģϾõģʲôö
ƲƲ죬ֵǼһѵҿͦϲģʺ㡣
ͽҶϵȤҲǱ䵭һЩȻǺõ²õ
νʿʹõͨԽӵĸһЩеҪΪý飬ܹʩչĵȽףҲֵġ
ͽסнס߽סס챦ססνס
˵ǻν׵Ѿȫ߱ԣԻ乥ǿֲԸӡ
ȻȲεֻڴ˵֮УܹӵеģȫʵȺľǿߡ
ݴڻν֮ϣһֳ޷ݣӹֻмΪǿ߻ùЩǿߣսЩһа
а
ڵҶף޷ӴǸΣҲֻ˵аͷڵЩʲôͺ֪ˡ
׸磬ʲôҶ˼ǰ˻ӣʵ
Ҷջ˼ЦûʲôǱȥɣãҲҪһֵ

ҶףεĵҿҪǮˡ


ʮ 
ɽķв̫ӵ롣
ȸСȴҲȫֻڶ۵Ķûʲô̫߼ġ
ƽⷻе壬죬ȴԵø֣ΪһλϰǵʦҪһͽ
һ£һЩرʿ֮⣬Сû۵ģճ˵ûЩ̣µʿӵɽļּңҲֻвȫǵͽ׵ġ
ЩһĶ泤ôԶܵõ۵ϢУŮ˫ֱ󣬱߱Ʋ
˵ġЩһɽˣɽܱߵһЩӣȻҲǱġ
ͽȻʲô̫ߵȵĶܱߵ֮УҲһˣܰҲ֮СҶЦ
ҪҲǼĻ۸϶ߺܶ࣬ҪôǮ
˻Ҷɫһ죬û
ƺҲע⵽ҶϵΣæ͵׸磬ᣬûб˼ֻǶǰװǮЩжѡ
֪
ҶЦЦȴǰֽ̾ǮӣԺҪֹˣȻˣԼһˣܲ˼һŮһֱȼá
񣬲Žʱ䣬Ҷ׾ּҲٵĺôҪǱּҵ֪¾ûȥˡ
߰ɣȽȥſڣ
еĹģڷǷǳˣϾʿעصľǱʵܹ
ſڣһЩ̯ССƽֵ̯ǲģϾҲûֻ˷ʱѡ
ۣʿ˵ĻǿС׬һʡ
˿̵УѾˣǵĿ⣬ǶŹһѺɫ
ֵͨС죬ֻͨɢһɫĹΣȻѾǱעҲƷֱӷ
ӦþǼͽˡ
Ҷ׿ⳤһֱۣӳһ̽
Ƶͽ
սֵ+25
֮̽ʱҶĿһӿֳһĨ̾
ƵӵսֵȫԺеˣ
Ҷа㣬װƵսֵȫԽպصʿԶԶ˦ԭֻǱŹ̬ȣϾҪѵǮƲ١
ڣȴЩĶˡ
׸磬ǵͽˣôŪԴϵβ裬ʵ
ҶͷЦ
ǵȻͰװ֮ʵһءЦ
ͽɲˣҶĲôʱһųͻȻӱ
Ҷüͷһ壬תͷȥֻӰǰһˣһҶ£üЩ꣬ղǻǴﴫ
㣿
Ҷ׿ģ֮ʱɫɵó
꣬ǿҵү
ɽܱߵһӣ֮ǰҶڵʱ򣬾ΪԴĦʱᶯ֣ö֮Ħݱ˳ޡ
֪Ҷҷˣ˵Ż˵Ŀ̱ᡣ
Ҷ𣬲źۼʹһ̽

״̬۷
ʵȽף
սֵ135
ʵҶ΢΢һû뵽Ѿﵽأ־磬ҲǰЩŴﵽ츳Ҳǲ
Ҷù̽սֵ15015㣬ӦЩơ
û뵽ҶҵǸķȻҲˣѾﵽأѵݷ꣬һ£ʱ˸ͰĳЦ
ϧǣأܱ˭أ
ĶҲǽĿ⿴Ҷײ⼸ɽԼܱӼ£˵䲻ģǷĵЦ̸
˿̣ڸܵҶڵ֮Ҳ¶һĨ죬ȻҲЩЦ˼ϾҶڼҲȱ꣬ԺҪ׷ϣ»ܼѡ
˵ôСͷ̫󣬱ȥҶûȴ̲סˣǰһСߵ
ӴⲻּҵС𣿡
ԣû˿ŭɫ֮Ũһֱ˵Ҷҵķּǧϵ¹Ȼ

ҵǺܺ棬һȴҪŮʲôټȥ


ʮ Ƶ
Уǻ֮˵ĿⶼҶϣȻҶ׽ĻôܸȤ
λв׼£ʲôԹԺٽɡʱһͻȻӺ֮˳
塣ӣҶ׹ĽһɣɽУּ֮⣬ҶҹϵõˡҲҶҳº󣬳ּ֮⣬ΨһҶˡ
ʱͻȻҲǼƲԣΪҶΧģϾҶȻҲʵȴǲΣҪ϶Ҷ׳Կ
Сޣ̫̱ɲʲô¡
ɿһۣҲˣƵϾҪۣ׼۱ǧû㹻ǮƵģȥǮɣʱ򡣡
ԣȺ̴һۣȻǱ׼۸Щ£ǧ˵ʲôСĿ
һ仰µЩɫɲ򣬶ɿصʿҲ̫Ρ
ҪƵͶ׼ЩӰɡĿҶһۣļ˳һȥ
⡣ıӰ
Ϊ˵Ļ۵ġ
Ҷ׵˵һ䣬ֵ߰ɣҲȥƵ۸̫ߵĻͲҪˡ
ղôһ֣ȻҶ׵򵽺ƵҶҲʲôԩͷ۸̫ߵĻɲȥ׳ǷѪ
ţ֪ˡ
ԹԵĵ˵ͷת֮ʱȴ¶һĨЦ⡣
׸翴ϵĶٶǮҲҪء
Ҳ䣬Щûа취ȵģ治̫ҲٶˣһûλЩס
ӿ䣬Ҷһ۾Ϳվ̨ϵһ׳˶ӡ
ǸʦôҲǿ׳˵
λϰеʦɭؽλΪǺƵҲ˵ϻƵڵͽ棬ǽΪĴˣԣλǲΪ׼۹߶еȥ֮һֵġ
ɭ·ЦЦ˻֣һе˱ǽǺƵ
ҲһЩЩҪˣǱֱӿʼƵɡ
׼ǧÿμӼ۲һ۸ߵáɭ֣ʾ˿Գˡ
ǧһ
ǧ
ǧ߰

ĿʼһҲ֮𣬻ϣЩм۵ĶܱӵһЩ֮ˣҲֻǲӵȲƸ
Ƭ̣۸ǱᵽǧҶ΢΢ڿڵǧ
ֱӽ۸ʱһĿ⺰֮Ҷ׵ʱȺУǴһۡ
ǧӣڵ㣬Ѿò˰ɣ
Ա˿վҶԵ¶ȻɫЦҵˣ̵ĿɲԼŮ˰
ǧ䣬ֱӽ۸̧
ǧҶ׺ûĳһγۡ
ǧһһΣһǧ
ȼ۸ѾЩԥˣǶ֪ҺּһЩԴƸΪƣǾȻʲôȷѡ
۸Ҷ׵üͷҲЩ𣬱ϾõĲԼǮܹҪһЩǵġ
һʱͻȻڣͬʱóһƱ֤ںҺۡ

˻һʱЩһͽļ۸һ㶼ǧǧңǽϺõĵͽҲܴﵽһӴ֡
Ҷͬ㶣ѾͷϹȻֵۡ
㿴ϵģֵ
Ц˵ˣǰͶʣԺǮˣҪ˫ҵġ
ԣҶʹһ˿ů֪ΪĲǲԼôǰӣԲŻẰּ۸ġ
ֺĴۣ¾ǻȥҪ񺣺ݺݵѵһˣϾһּһóҲЩ˽ǡ
ߣȻûôӣҲô׵ĽŪ֡
ͬǱ۸һЦһٴκۡ
ȻȴȿڵһѾó߼۸˭ܺߵļ۸ұ˳Ƶľġ
ԣոյߵĻֱӿ˺ҭš
Ȼ̫棬ɹҲǷǳϽģ˱ûеĿֲм۵Ļ鷳ɾʹˡ
һĿСȻǲٳˣΪƵͲֵ۸ǴǮƲΪԭ򣬷˾ۡ
ɫϴһЦһּҵĵ̿ۺ񡣼ȻˣҲˡǲ֪ǺƵǲֵ
Ͳˡĵһ䣬ǰȥƱֱϡ
ȻûټӼۣƵλСˡɭһۣЦǺǵĽƵݸ

Ƶõ֣ĶҶףЦҪûʵɲҪųϹ䣬ȻĻ»ɱ֮ġ
ҶɫƽɨһۣδԣȻһͬ߳С


ʮ 
׸磬ѵǸһôװ۸𣿡ո߳УǰʵҶײ׳Կˡ
ҶһЦѾͷԵ󡣡
İɣ˵ЩҶأֻڲؾΣȥ鷳Ļ»Կ
ҿ԰ʰҰˣȥݺݵĲţҲǳ
Ҷ΢΢һЦϣӿֳһĨ⡣
˵ЩɲҲž˵ġ
Ҿ֪׸粻ưͿģôЦʵ
ٱȲҪصĶࡣҶ׵
ԣ㶣һ̣ȻҶЩһˣﲻһҲ˵ס
ҶԶȥıӰŮ´ҧҧ׸磬ı仯ĺܴء

ɱҶ
Ƚף
ֵ12
սֵ77
ֵ0
УҶеɱ¼װ˺Ƶ֮սֱֵ77ѾӽպصĲΡ
˿̵ҶƵĻžԵģһʰ
Ҳû飬ǿȥҩȿһˡ
˿ʱ֣Ҷ׳Ƭ̣ǴźƵŷȥ
Ȼû߳䣬һӰǴ˽
Ҷףֶΰһͽ㾹ȻһӸΪּҵǮǴϵĲɣ
Լʮ߰ˣһ£ģ㣬һڱǴЩҩζǹҩƵġ
ҶҲʶΪƣø硣
Ҷּҵʱ䣬Ȼܵ϶ͬ飬ôһЩ˶ǳģƣ֮һ
ƿҶֻһˣҲ̫࣬ɲּ̫ҽ֮£û˿ĺôпҵŭˣʱּҵ³Ҷûʲô
񺣵ϣȻҶײмȴҲûбֵ̫
죬ȻΪҶ׻һͽʱ򣬶ʱҲ̲סˣֱ
ּҵ˶ԵЩϾһһСĿϢʱ򣬶Щס
ּҲҵڶ࣬ҪʽӴ󣬹ؼʱ̣һҪá
ɫ˵쾹ȻһΪ㹺ֵֻǧӵĶ㻹ҪҪˣּܾȼѾǲˣأû˿ĸмһδεĶΪǮӻ㻹Ϊϲ㣬Ϳ԰ּҵ˶ɵˣ
Ҹ㣬ҶףҪΪּҵ˶ϹӣʲôξˣֳҪ£ͱƲ
Ҷ׾ţɫƽ˿ϲŭ
˵֮ҶڿڵּҵǮǵñ˭ģһһֲٵĻּҵġ
ʲôƲмĿҶףߵ
˵ỹһỹʲô
ǾͲòĵˡ
£ҶĳԺȥ
ߣҵҪҪ೤ʱܻϣ
Ҷ׵ıӰһҲ֮߳˷䡣

أ
ï֮ܵУһͻȻһ̣һͷ֮ġӰޡǵ˳֮ʱǺϢ
أɱصޣ10㾭ֵٶȣ̫˰Ҷ׽Ӱ޵˳˵
ѾӽҩȣӦаʱܹˡ
ɱ¼ϣ1սֵҶ΢΢һЦѸٵĳҩȸȥ
ûСרЩ޲ĵ·ߣʱ֮һ޴ɽȣڳߵС
ʱҶǻɱͷصޣ7սֵ˵õ70㾭ֵҲջ񲻴
8㾭ֵܹͻƵˣͻ֮ٽҩȰɡ
ҩڶ࣬ΪսֵһҪǿ࣬ԻͻƣȻٽУһҲܹһЩΣա
ಣ
ʱһԵĹľͻȻһӰҶ۾һ嶸Ȼ£ͳƵĳϿմȥ

ѪɫĹâѸڵ֮ϣһɵɱ֮
ǺӰ˿ڰգȻǶ֮Ҷ״·̱һâ
صɵסҵĹ
ҶЦһұȻѪɫâҲֱӻΪһ㵭ĵ⣬ݺݵĴǺӰϡ

ڽӴ˲䣬âһֽݿ̬ͷ޵˺ѿڵĺƵͬһ㣬ֱӴ޸ȻȻһصޣǱֱ˺롣
أҶǿһΣУȴֽͬһ㣬û˿ĵֿ֮
10㾭ֵӦѾͻˡ
Ҷ׸һڵ֮ղۻʵĸо¶һĨЦݡ
أоǲ


ʮ սֵ
ԭȵҶףΪɱ˾ͷصޣսֵѾӵ86㡣
˿ͻƵأսֵ30㣬ˣۺսֱӱ116㣡
պزŽ80սֵҶ׼ֱ֪˦˼֡
أҲ135սֵѣŲöãұԽԽˡ
Ҷ׵һЦҩȥ
ҩΧطҪŨĶ࣬Ҷ׸ոߵҩΧǸоһɵҩ㴫˳
ݴҩȵ֮ŨΪǰһλǿﲼһ󷨣ԲŻ˵ġ
ȻѾ𽥵ɢܵȴǲδһЩԭֻͨҩģ֮£Ҳӵһ˿˿ԣӶʿõҩ
ʿ˵ЩҩƵҩҲ飬Ҷ˵ЩҩܶһֵһЩƽ֮ˣϾͲõҩ
Ȼˣòҩĵطò˵ĻҪʳҩָƵģȤҲûǷģҪõĻȥһЩǡ
ҩȵķΧҶҲǱýһЩܸܵһɹǿһϢǱܣӦñһЩˡ
ЩиػҩҶײȥҩĻǲġ
ҶҲЩ޵Ϣҩڣޣȥһʡܶʱ䡣
ǲңұǡ
Ҷ΢ƣһɽϢ˹ȥ
ԼʮңҶ׵Уڳһͷޡ
ͷ˫Ѫ죬ĶҶףͳĺзȻھҶײҪ̤ء
Ҷ״޼ֶۣһ̽
ѪϬͨ
״̬۷
ʵȽף
սֵ100
ҩޣսȻҪǿࡣҶպҲأսֵȴֻ80
ڸ̾ͬʱҶҲǶ̽ЩȻܹʱʱ֪̿ʵЩֲ
ڳѪϬԱߣһɫҩҡţҶһ۾˳ݣ
Ҫ4òܶһһֵ˵ҶײǺܸȤܱûǿҲܰһˡ
һ죬˺ĺƵʱ֣Ҷ˿ܳѪϬԽԽŭĿ⣬ֱ˹ȥ
𣡡
ֻ׵ʱǳѪϬʧȥģ͵վҶ׳˹
ݣ
ڱӿҶ׽Ųһ̤Ӱֱ֮ԶȻͣ٣ƵǳѪϬԴȥ
飡
ѪϬͬ˿ã޴屼ڶ𣬾ĽҶһȻһĨҶٴγ
ʯȭ
ҶһѪĹâѸ۳һȭâӰ֮ǺܵǳѪϬԺȥ
飡
ߵͿν޴󣬵ǽӴ֮ʱǳѪϬӰȴǶȻסȻʲôһ㣬͵ĵ˳ȥ
100սֵҲҺұ
ҶɫһӰ׷ϣǳѪϬδ֮ʱһĸ˺һ˿ڡ
ͣ
һˣҶٴλӵѪâҫһž޴ԴѪŽڵء
12㾭ֵҶüžҪľֵҲԽԽӴÿ10ľֵѾ㲻еٶˡ
Ҫսֵˣܸɵصޣ϶ڵľҪöࡣҶа
ݲɼ֣Ҷ˳ó˳ѪϬˣȻһĿȥ
ʱƣֲҩɱҲڳϦɽ
һҶϵĺˮǾʧ˿Ȼóɱ¼
ɱҶ
Ƚףءأ500㡿
ֵ23
սֵ171
ֵ14
Կ˵Ǳ֣ҶϵЦݣٴһ֡
ɱһ磬ɵӽ20ͷޣȡսֵͻƵصսֱֵӴﵽ171㣡
ҶʵԿԺɨκصʿ
ңսĻϣҶ׻ɼ˽ӽʮҩһЩƷʣ֮ݻҪߵöࡣ
ҲûطװԱֱӶһ˲ֵĲֵﵽ14㣡
ֵܹˣȻѾˣǱȫ˰ɡ
ҶĿ⿴ǰܸܵһΪǿϢ
¡¡
ȻҶ״㶯ֵʱ򣬽µĵ棬ȴͻȻ
ţ
ҶüȻ̧ͷԶ
ֻ˵ɵĵطĻҳǵصϯ˹
ҳ֮Уһ޵ӰĳҶС


ʮ 
¡¡
ҩ֮Уǵص̳ϯǵȳ棬ɳһ㣬Ϊˡ
̳ǰĴޣҶһԥĳԶӶȥ
Щޣͷ֮࣬Ǿ޴ͣһӾϵ𺳳ҶţǱУԻᱻĲ
ϵޣ
֮ʱҶֶһ̽ͷ
Щڶ࣬಻һΨһͬģʵȽףϣ
ݣ
Ҷ׻ӿٶȴﵽ˼£ͬһӰЩâѸٵԶȥ
סɽ꣬ҩҲϤ
ޱ飬ҩﲢᾭϾÿһͷ޶ԼػҩǿɲǷĺ޽ս
Ȼ˸õҩ˫ʵ£Ǳǻᡣ
˿̵ޱȻԭ򡭡
ޣͨ
״̬
ʵȽף
սֵ190ݼ
ڶ޵ǰһͷѸٱУͷ޴˿̻ԡѪƲᣬȻе׹ȴǲ˿ʱͷǵصȺвĵͺ֮Ҳǲϴ
Ҷ׶һ̽̽ȴҶЩ
һ˵صʿƽսֵֻ170ңͷޣڸ˵״̬£ȴǻ190㣬ԿЩҩǶôĺô
УҶܿһĨ˸޵ĻâγĶԱȣǳۡ
ģ֮ʱҶͫһ̲ס
ݸ߼˲֪ٵҩɽСУȫԳ֮Ϊõ棬ҲǡĵرɽĻʱҩȲɼҩѾʮδֹˡ
һֵҩԪʮصʿͻƹԪ֮ʱǷô˵Ӱٷ֮ʮĳɹʡԪҩ֮Уɴ˿ɼļֵжô
õϰҲǧĵ׼̶ۣȣҶĺƵҪ߳٣
û뵽Ȼȱֲһô޵׷ɱܹʳЩصޣֱͻƵذɣҶȭͷ΢߬¶һĨ֮ɫ
ļֵҲܶһ10ֱֵ͸ּңܹԼǷµǮĸˡ
޶˵첻ʲôвǸ״̬սֵԽԽ͡
ֻͷޣЩ˰
ҲҶսֵһͷصޣ壬ʮͷҲ׽
ǰӴȴǿ׽ģңлͷصޣص޶׷ôңοˡ
ǣҶôĿǰߣȻǲܵ£Ը񣬼СļʣҲҪһԡ
ͷޣҲһЩѾˣӦɵģǴӱϮֻҵ£ֵĿԵǲ󡣡
Ҷ׳Ƭ̣һҧģƴˣ˱ֵĻֱܱǣҴ򲻹ǣҲסҡ
⣬ҶĿһɨǰһ޴ʯ棬ԥĳ˹ȥ
¡¡
𶯣缴ѿһ㣬޴Զڶ̳֮ա
ʯ֮ҶɫϢȫɰڴһ٣ҪǱˣֻ˵ù
䡫
˼֮ʱһɫӰȻԱ߷ɳ۶Ǿ޴㣬ĵ¡졣
¡¡
޵ԶȥҲǴӺ󷽱Ϯ˹ʯ೯׷ȥЩޣֱԾʯҶ׵ͷɳ۶
̳ڻ֮£δһͷ޷ҶףǵĿ⣬Ķޣϵķ
飡
鲢δҶô˳ôһͬϮ̳ѾŨһּΪ˵ĵزһЩֻҴܣûзǰʯڴ󲿷ӹ֮ײ档
Щ޵ȻǳҶʯ¡һײ÷ԶҶǾĶǵӵһߣЩͬʯһײɡ
𣡡
ʯǳһ࣬һЩƳһۣٴ׷ޡ
ʣµʮͷȴһֱӶҶ׳˹ȥ
ߣ
ǳԼʮͷޣҶ𽥱ӿƵɭĻ⣬ӰһֱӴһ˶Դ
Щںޣ϶Ǳ޸˵ģսֵ80ңҶ׵£ֽͬһ
Ӻ󣬵ʮͷʬ壬Ҷ׽ɨһۣ˶ûüգѸٵĳ޴׷ȥ
ȣЩˣҶ׸᲻Ȥ


ʮ ԩ·խ
ݣ
ҩУ־ͷһӰȻͻȻͣٵĳԶѸȥ
Щһﵹܵÿ죬ŵӣȻûӰˡҶŵǸոصĳа
䣬üͷͻȻһ˱ǵѪζǰ
ţ
Ҷ΢΢̧Ŀһ̣ͫȻֻߵľͷһ߾ߵʬڵϣŨѪζԾǴɢġ
һĻҶɫ䣬һ٣ãŽĳǰȥ
˻
Ƭ֮Ҷڿǰľ󣬵±̲סһ
֮ڣǸոЩ޵ʬ壬ЩʬеĲȱȫеĽΪһ⣬ǻѪִ̱ǵѪζҶüͷĸ
ǰͬѾȥΪңֳ飬Ѫģ
ͷ­֮ϣ˸ɫâһɼΪ˵ҲǴ
⡭
ҶɫЩ԰ףǴ̱ǵѪζԼεѹؿЩơ
ͷޣÿһͷأصޣҶʵǲǵΪʲôڶ̶̵ʱȫȥ
ǱɱǴˣߴ޵ʵֻжôĿֲ
ңİԷȻΪ˴ΪΣ
ʱ䣬Ҷ⣬δ֪Σգ˼ɵ
ȻĿ֮ʱǲɵ
˿̵Ϊɱ12ͷޣսֵѾӵ183ֵҲǴﵽ167㣬ЩֵδܹͻƣأҪ500ľֵ
183սֵ޻Ҫ7㣬޶˵ĲԼǱϮҲòȥ
뻢ѨɵûӣҶҪˣ
˼ȥջ̰ռϷ磬Ҷкɫһֱӱǳȥ
Сӣһȥ
ۼ֣ȴҲûʲôΣҶﲻɵһȻʱһͻȻ֮ģһ̺֮ɫȭâ
Ҷüͷһ壬ȭȻѪɫγһȭâɫȭâֱײ
飡
ȭӣǵӰֱӵɳȥҶͬ˳ͬʱڵ˵ʱһУֱӽץסõС
㣿
ҶģʱӰ΢΢һеһ꣬ԴɫϣһĨ㵡
꣬Ȼ֮ʱҶйڵ
ԩ·խҶü
٣ҵǸ߹ôûʵҪϹΣȻĻûסǵͽġҶĺƵ֮䣬͸©һ˿Ц
ûס֪ġ
ҶڼӹЦ㣬ӦøһЩˡ
ƾ㣿Ц
ƾҡҶ׵
˵̫磬ǻԿİ۾УźۼĸһҶϵϢҶȴǼΪֻܸܵһЩ΢Ϣ
үʵ򵥣ӦôﵽءǸղҶ׽ֵӸߣ˵
أ
ԣͫ΢΢һǼǵãҶ׵ʱ򣬺߲Žء
ѵһΪаȻһ֮ڣͻؾٶȣɵЩֲˡ
ͷֻԵ𾪣ҶأҲںʵأҶ׸һΣҪ֣Ľ߸ʰ˵ġ
ҶףҲΪ㣬ͺƵұȥ
ɫӦ֪ʵǷ¾ҪЩͷˡ
ԣҶ׻ҡͷɫƽֵĶҿɲô׵ͳȥҪñǡ
Ҫ㻹ΪּҸҾͲҶˣ
ɫһЦȻ˵Ĳ֪ôұ֪ˣɲ֪ܲߵغ񣡡
Ԫ壬ҷˣ
ǣ
ĻɭһЦƣȻӰֻȭͷͬʱҶ׺˹
ô
ҶƽɫҲ𽥺֮ڵ˫֮ϣ𽥵ĸֳһĨѪɫĹâ

ҶױһŲһ̤棬Ӱʯһվ˫ȭһ㳯ǰһ֮صʿĽײ
ͣͣ
˽ӴɲǣԪɫ䣬ֻһɿ񱩵ڣݺݵŰ
Ű֮£Ƕɫ԰ףһѪȻΪǱĵɳȥ


ʮ 
飡飡
ƽԭ֮ϣӰѪȻ˾ŭĿ֮Уݺݵˤ˵ϡ
ʲô
ǵزԪ壬ɫ΢䣬˶ǼͻƵصʿҲ׵Ľ֮ˡ
һʵԲֹأ
ŲԶӰ񲻶˸֮ϵİɫҲڴ˿̱ء
ôܣʮǰֻһķôô̵ʱӵ֮ǿʵ
зǳףʮǰҶǳҶǱѾ˵Ļʱ϶֣õϢȴǸʱҶףȻֻһּܻҼ񺣳ַŽµġ
˵Ҷ̶̵ʮ֮ڣһʲôķض˿еĳ̶ȣǾԲŵġ
Ī˵ϰǵ˶ţ
½֮еǣܹҶȻûﵽĳ̶ȡ
ɫɲҶɫһ˿ƽҪĻԼðɣض˵ûв
Ҷֵǲѣһ˰
Ƭ̣ڵҶֵʵĳˣ֮Ľ֣ǵǳǻʱ˵ɣǣ
䣬һӣǰԪתҪȥ
ףڵҶףͽֱս£óƵ²ǺߵĶ֣˿ҶײȻʲôǵѡ
ȻߣҶȴǲãӰ˸֮£ǽ
Ǹʲôˣɫ
˵ȻˣҪһЩۡҶ׵
ҶףĪҪΪмʵĿˣͺƵҶѾã㻹ôĵȻǿӲȴ͸¶Щ⡣
Ҳ㹰ô
ҶЦһѡ񣬵һóһǱˡ
ڶô
֣һӣȻ󡭡ͷ
ƨ
Ҷ׻䣬ɫĵȻˣҵҪúõĿʲô¸Ҫһӣ
Ӱȣ
ȻԾ˫ͬӰһ㣬Ҷɨ˹
ѡˡ
ҶһЦȴǲɭӰ֮Ծۻڱӿ
ʯȭ
µ˿̣µ۵ȭâȴʵһ㣬ĵɱҲŨһЩ
飡
ڴ˵ɱ֮£ȭâȻӰ֮ϵʱ򣬲ϵķ
ƣ
Ҷ׶ȻȳƵ֪ʱǳϣǷĵУ˿ȫûһѪ쵶â
ͣ
ϸ΢ͻȻֻӰһ٣ӰҲɢһ˿ڣѪ档
һĻҶǵЦٴһЩٶȱϣһ֮ĵâݺݵ˹ȥ
ү
һĻԪ˴󾪣˿ѾȫҶ׵Ĺֲ֣˵ǾˣҲ޼¡
ͬɫ䣬ϵ˿õٶȼ࣬Ҷ׵̶ȣ϶ӵ
һУȻ³
ҸǮǮ
ǧһ֮ʣͻȻ󺰳亹ǽȫ͸

ǺƵ˿Ѿͷķʢ˿ֱӶѡ
Ļ֮󣬺ƵȴӲͣ˾ͷĵط΢㣬Դֳˡ
ҶƵЦڱˡ
ʲô
ô˻ովӰһ򣬲ٴε
ʱҲǳˣҲû˵ʲôֵĻֻҧгݵĵûôӡ
硭ҩҶ׵
ҲûôҩҶ׻䣬ֱ˵
ԣҶ׳һᣬĲ֮ϣҪǮҪԼѡ
һƵĺףǲóӣ߼ֵӵҩҶ׾ԲŹ
ϵǮҩóɫĿԪˡ
ˣ¶ɫ֮󣬲ûȥǴ쵽ҩȲɼһЩҩɽҩ˳·
ȴû뵽ȻҶףң˱
Ҳûа취ˣǿҲɣֻİѽɼҩһЩƱ˳
Ƭ֮ҶһЩƱҩһ˿Цݡ
˷ǰɽ򣬹ȻһƱӦҸģǮƣԼԪ˵ģЩҩȻֵܼ򣬲Ҳ˶١

ҶһƵݺݵ󱳣ֱӽĵɫҰףһѪ
ʵҲЩɵϾԼ˿ּЩϵһĽɱˣ»ּҴС鷳
ְ취ǷǳĽˡ
ҶôһģȻŭȴҲûҷʲôݻɭȻĶҶһۣԪˣǱȥ
ջǲ
ҶóЩҩҪһֵȴǾڴʱǲԶĵϣһ˵ĲͻȻ
һ̣һ˵ӵص׶ȻܳͬһƬϵĽ֯иš
Щһ󷨣ԽصʿгƬ
һĻҶףЩôˡ


ʮ ľ
ͣ
ԵصױӿתΪȾ˵и֮УҪͬռ䶼гƬһ̶졣
и֮£·Щͷֳɼʬ壬ǱֱиƬŨѪζܣҶײɵúһЩ롣
ҩУô󷨣Ҷüͷ壬ּҶǰҩȲҩδ󷨡
󷨳Ƭ̣Ҷ׵˼Ȼóɱ¼ҩһֵ
˵󷨣ڵܹģԶһЩĺá
Ȼ˿̵ɱ¼ϣȴֳһۣҶ΢΢һϸĲ鿴

״̬ʱãƳ
ֵ30
󣿡Ҷü׹νġ󡯣Ӧþǰ󷨵ˡ
ȻƵǻ󷨵һߣ϶һء
£ûʿԸ⻨ﲼһ󷨣ǲ⣬֮УӦʲô
Ҷ׳һҪĲֵ30㣬еҪĲֵҪ14㣬Щۡ
ǮҲˣЩҩ㾡һɲֵɣӦÿƳ󷨵ͬʱˡ
Ҷ׳Ƭ̣˸ҩȫ˳

ҶЩҩһɲֵʱһ˵Ǵɱ¼ϴ˳֮£ڶҩѸٵֻգ֮䣬ͱһѷƵĿݲݡ
˿̣ɱ¼ϵĲֵѾﵽ37㡣
ò˵ʰ񣬻ǸߣҶȻʵǿЩϣչЩϵҩһ23ĲֵҶ߳9㣡
Ѿ㹻˰
Ҷ׿еŹʵ΢΢һЦһŶһֵһţ͸СӰɣʣӦûͻơ
ϵĹʵһţ֮ǰҶûзֵģʱԶֻ֦ܿɣҲһ⾪ϲ
Ʒҩ
ֵ+25
ˣҶЦ󣬹Ȼݣʵǿ̫̫ࡣ
ĵرҲеȼֵģƷƷƷƷ񡢻顢
Ҷû뵽ƷҩңƷҩУҲӦϵȣ򲻿ܶһôĲֵ
ȻˣǱƳɡҶ׽ʣµһȻ
Ļɱ¼ϣȻţΪֻ޴Ѫɫƣգۼ֮С
ͣ
Ƹոս󷨣Щ۶һУЯ˵Ĺ˺Ѷȥ
ԽʿĨɱ󷨣ֻȴ˿壬΢΢ȻҶ׾Ŀ֮У˺˹ȥ

ƺľ룬ͲݵЩ˿ĵֿ˲Ϣ֮䣬ǽ˺롣
飡
󷨺ȻʧΪɢҶ׵ĲֱֵӼ30㣬32㣬ҶЩۡ
ǡҶ֮ľĿ֮УǴ㵵ɫ
ֻǰĿյϣһӨ͸ĺϦӳϣһĨ쵵ȣʱܳˮ棬Ƭ֮󣬱ٴεˮУδܶȥ
룬Ưһľţľ͸ŹϲɣϢƺبǴڡ
ľҶһʱЩӦôҲû뵽޵ҩ֮УȻĵط
Ҷ׻ǰѾУҲ΢΢һ
źľţҶ׳һӰͻȻԾƽ֮ϣͬһ㣬̤ź泯ľŶȥ
֨
δӽľűг֮һ΢ϸ졣
Ҷһֻľ֮һƬڰʮ״ǸܵһɱϢдǹɱϢǿԽ˲
ҶͣӰˣľ֮ȴǶȻһ貵ĺââҶܣ֮Լٶȣľ֮С
֨
һжǷ˲Ϣ֮䣬Ҷ׽ľ֮ľһεĹϣܣҲǶȻһһ֮ղŻҪ޴󣬻֡

СѾͷʵǲͣʹﵽ˹Ԫɣֻǿϧˣ⡮ҪϣܹѧϰƾŮ޵Ĵ֮ǻɰ
֮ǰʦѾйңҿдȥպкʵİ£Ȼ֮ͬޡᵭ̣͸Щ飬ȴҲ־ǧ֮ĵĮ֮С
ǿɲУǱ𻨷һŵϣҲŸȥŶûС

Ҳ֪˶೤ʱ䣬Ҷ׸ոһζԻ


ڶʮ 
ĿܣȫǿӿݵǽڣǽЩʪЩֲ
ƺһ޴ɽɽͷһ⴫Ҷܹ΢ģĿܾ
ӦǴӶ洫İɣ
߾ͷ⣬Ҷ׻ܣ˹ȥ
ߣԽԽʱҶױһƵ¹һĵط
ոճ֣ĿǶȻһĿ⣬ֱǴЩɱ⡣
Ҷɫ΢䣬ֻǹ룬һ͸ӰƯģӦЩͣޱȡ
ꣿҶͫһľǳܹߣǷǳʿ
֮⣬һնŮӣŮӳε͸һĮɫͬ¿̻һǣٿ
ɫɴϣճµ壬ŷɫԼһɢűϢɫ
Ľ£̤һϵıϢǵĮɫһ֮£ֲɽӽĮ
Ҷ׿Ů֮ʱһ㶣Ƿʳ˼̻ʣһζŮһĸо
꣬ӦþǸղŵġ𡯣Ůӡ
뵽Ҷٴο˿հŮӣ֮ϣ𽥸ֳһĨ𾪡
ղſŮǹԪɵǿߣ
䣬ܱԼһ꣬ʵȴѾﵽ˹Ԫɣ˵츳ǿֲ
˵еЩǴڵġҶͷЦ
̽ĽȻǲԤϣ˵֣ģǴʺš
꣬ȷʵ𣬶ŮӣΪá
ⷽǹԪɵʿǱҶ׸̫ܹ࣬ʵ±ȷûҪ࣬̽̽ⲻ˵״̬Ҳ
Ҷ׵ͻȻȻǳʼϲģڷ¶ɱ֮ʱϣȴǸֳһĨŹֵЦ⡣
ǺǣСһĵʱһлˡãЩζ˵
أ
ϵľ޴࣬Ҷ׼ϢҲȻһۿ͸
ʵ̫ͣʺ
ÿҶһۣһǵصѹȻӿֱҶϯ
ٺ٣˵ܾܡ
ٺһЦָᵯһǷѹ̱
ܣҲʺͬޡöҶף䣬֮Ув֮ΪŨ
СһһβʽĻᣬҪҪҲǿҶףϳζ֮ɫ
ʽףҶһӿһĨϲ֮ɫ
ң
ȻδڴӦ߱Ǵһв֮Ҷ΢΢ֻ̧Լϣ˪
ģûҶ׾£ͷӿЩˬȭǰԸ⴫Ум

ҶĻ󺮣һƻӶ˵ڱΪһֻϸƣҶץ˹
֮ŨΣҶҲЩɫ䣬˺󣬱Ǽһӣ󣬷Ʊֱ顣
ԼĹα£üͷĲᣬʦ궨µĳŵѵ뷴ڲɣ
ҿûзڡ̯̯֣Цŵֻҵµĳŵ򣬶ߡǱŮͬޣҲΪá
´ҧ´һתߡ
СŮޣδ֮ǰֻܹǾһΣңֻܽܳ֡ŷõӰһĨϷʡ
ˣһתͷ˵˼Ҫˣ
ҿɲҰ£ӻɱҵġ
ҡͷЦСһͬʱ򣬵ܹɱһЩǲˣұǿԽͻȥġ
ұţʱһʦȻңʱ򣬲㣬Ǿһܹ
û䣬ֱϥ˽µ֮ϣ΢գֱӽ״̬
Ҫ֪Ұ϶ɹˣԡ
㻹ǹԹԵȥɣ
£Ҷɫ˫ֽӡһ󼫶Ⱦ˵Ĳʱӡ֮ɢ˳
ŲĴ޿ռͻȻ˺ѣһ̣һа֮ĺɫʯĸ˳
ˣɫһ䣬ӿ̤ȻԶɶȥ
ٺ٣㻹ܵɣ
Цһһģʯ֮ϣʱӿĺɫâգ֮䣬ǳڷǰ֮ɡ
Ҳȥɡ
Ҷһۣδ䣬һǷֳҶͬʱ˽ȥ
СһҲˣ˼СŮ޸Ʋ㣬Ҹᣬʱ򣬿ɱñʧ
ҶױâɵɲǣǴϷζĲڶ߻ص


ڶʮһ ŵ
һƬɫ磬Ŀȥ죬ͿĶ
ţ
ҶüͷֻЩɫâԼٶȳԼ룬Լڣʲôһ㣬Ͳκεĵֵ
Щâ壬ҶڵԼٶȱֽ⣬գ֮䣬ȫɢ
˿̵Ѿһصʿٴαһͨˡ
ңʱţҶܸоԼ壬𽥵Щ죬ᴥЩ̵ĸо
һ£ȥ֮ұɱ㣡ڴ˿̣ǱС
Ҷüͷһ壬¶һĨЦ
˿̵ķãӦҲͬԼһڵȫɢȻĻɱ˹
΢΢̧ĿֻԼʮ״ֶǱ˪˿Ҳǲ˺⣬Ĵ˳
˵ʵһڣǵһοôƯŮˡ
ҶԼĻӺŮӣ֣ң㲻ڵġ
ƾأ
ЦЩʦʦǣһǿǧٱ뷨㻹ɣɱ֮
СŮޣ˿ɲֻŶ
ڴʱٴһ̣һΪŨĺɫâȻܳһ㣬Ҷ׺ͷֱ档
˿̵ˣ൱ĽܸܵԷĺ
Ҷ׵ûʲôõϣǸֳһĨŭɴŬԴʹԼҶ׵ľܹԶһЩ

ͬʱϸ΢ķۺɫϢͻȻܽҶ׺ͷü֮УһҶ׵Ժ֮УǳŮĳ档
ЩӹҶ׵壬ҲǻĽԾ䣬ǽ˷µ֮ϡ
ǸܵҶ׵Ŀ⣬糺΢΢һ䣬۾ݺݵĵҶһۣвȴͻȻһ鲻Խ֮Ҳ֮˳
ٺ٣ղЩ棬ǱģҲǱһЩһδֻȴǼЩζ
Сһ㻹ʲôͻȻȵ
ԣҶ΢΢һֻһ̺ɱĿⶸȻȴǷڶԼҧгݵĵҵ壬ֵ͵ʿܹģ֮ǰҪúõˣ
ô˻ҶԭЩԥϣͻȻֳһĨЦݡ
ҲһͨŮ˶ѣҵҪúõĿ壬ܸ߹ȥ
ʮǱ벻мҶ׳׵ģĿͻ˵ЩҶ׻治ôӲвȴǼؼĸ֮߰ġ

£Ҷ˫ֶȻ̽ڷ̺ŭУֱ˺
Ǳİ֮ʱҶһ㶣ҧҧֽõڵ
ǰûǸܣǰͨڣųȥɡҶ׳ձ˱ȭ˵
ԣ΢΢һҶ׵ĿУȻɱȴǼһЩ֮ɫ
СûѾ̶ȣ㻹˵ŤŤ󣬿𲻸Ǽӵǲˡ
ԴŭĻﴫУһ̣Ƭķɫâ˲Ϣ֮䣬˵塣
һὫ¸ʦģ
ȫ糺죬֮ʶȫĲԼƿأ֣Ҷ֮ǰݵ§ס
ٺ٣СһûôӼʱ򣬻лҵġ
ЦʧǺɫĿռ䣬Ҳǻİ
ⰲûгãǱһĽơ

ʱƣתǰ¹ȥ
䣡
ɫռ֮Уһ춸Ȼһ̣Ӱһ׷һӵı
㻹ܣ
ɫɱӿɫȻ£һ֮ıɫâݺݵĶҶ˹
Ҷ¶ЦӱߵҪңȥ𣬴Һθɣ
ҽƱ磡
ýһâٶȸ죬˲Ϣ֮䣬ǽٵҶͷ
صʵԪɲ̫࣬Ҷ׵ٶȣûа취ӳâ֣Ҳٱӣվԭأӿͼֵ
СŮޣȻѾɹˣͱٵôߣĵһˣԺĪҪڡ
ǧһ֮ʣ֮ģһɫ
꣡
ɫ֮ƻнâԼΪֱ̬ӻ˷顣
ˣҶ׷һ˫ԶնϸӰٶ¶Ц
ԼĹ£ȻûгõԤϣĶҶף֮УǺ⡣
Ҳˣߡ
Ц˼ֻ֮ϣһ˵ĲͻȻϯĺâͬһ㣬ĳϯȥ
ϯ֮£һķεĴ𽥵˳
߰ɣϵĻҲ߲ˡ
ûĻõĿ⣬ȻĶҶף߸ɵͷ֮ޡ
ڴ˵Ŀ⣬ҶϵĿЦҲ΢΢Ƭ̧̣ͷ˫ӷã˵кޣǱŵ´μ棬Ȼ㣬ҡ
Լ˵
öҶӣϵɱһЩƬֱ֮ת̤˴
ͬһŵ´μ棬Ҳ㣬ŮˣҲûʲôɡ
޳ȵӰʧ֮ʱ߰䵭ĻҲ֮˶С


ڶʮ 
ŮˣʱĻϡصߣҶ״ãſЦ
Ƭ֮Ҷóɱ¼˿̣ǳһۡ
ʽƷ
һ
ֵ40
սֵ+80
80սֵҶ׺ݺݵ۾֣Ȼʾǡ80ʱϣɵóһ顣
оǵһ֮ߵսֵǵھֻεĿֲ
֪ΪΣɱ¼ֻʾһĽܣ֮ģһƬհס
սֵܸߣҪĲֵҲôٰҶĿڲֵϣ̾Ϣ
˿̵Ĳֵԣˡ
һˣܱŮв㶪Ƕˡ
ոսɱ¼ΪмŻ£ͨ͸꣬Ҳ𽥵ĸҶǰ
ô˻ҶٶȿЦͷò̫˵еֻζ
ˣСһҲ˱ǲǡҲΪʲô˵ָҶ׺ٺЦ
ҶЩ㵵̧ͷģ
СŮ޲򣬿ǵӦʦģװ׵ļôһᣬһôƷŮˣó⣬ǲЩûûˣҶײ˵ʱʼš
ǰûкηԸֻҪܹҶȭ˵
Ŷ
ǲϵ¶һĨѿЦݣĵҪǸҲӦ𻹲ȥء
ܵشֻ״̬Ҫָ۷ʵĻҪ塭
˵ҶһֵۣԣҪЩĲϣѰϵʱ䣬ұڣȻĻǱǰһ±͵ȲҴϵʱˡ
ҵڣҶüͷһ塣
Ҳ˵һЩʿ£УΪɵıǡᡯ
ҶʵڣҪĻûκεֿ
֪ڵʲô
ָһһƵɫĹâʱҶǰ
ҵԪ֮ģҶʲô㽫Ԫ֮飬ʱұ᳹׵֮䡣
Ҷ׶Ԫ֮ҲЩ˽⣬˿̵ȴǲδںĻǶǰԪ֮ģ˫֮У𾪡
ǳףΨ̤뱾۷ǿߣпԪ֮ģ֮Ԫ֮ȻڵģǰȻѾ̤ʥ򾳣
Ϊ񾳵ʱԪ֮Ǵ֮ڣʥ򾳵Ԫ֮ģǴ֮ڣһܹ֤Ԫ֮֮Ȼ
ࡣ
Ҷ׺ݺݵĹһ£뵽ʵû뵽ʥ򾳵ǿߣ
Ԫ֮ģͲˣô
ЩŵĶҶףεĻᣬ¾Ҳˣһǰһǻ׶༪١
ҶĽ䶢סһʱ䣬¹ǰ
ãҶҧҧָһԪ֮ıǻصǰ
СһѾ˴㣬ѵ㻹Ų𣿡һĻ̳ȥ
ǰܰмԪ֮ģǲˣŵùǰҶױ˱ȭ˵
ԣ΢΢һ¶ϲ֮ɫ˵ֱӳҶ׵ȥ
Ҷͷգûڡ
һҶױǸܵδһѡطһ㣬գͣ˵֮С
ˣҶ׷һ֪ǿԽԺģ﷽ѵĵط
ûô˼ǸҶףԺʲô
ȻҶҲڶģԼĸλţԺ˵
Сһʲô֣
Ҷס
Ҷס
֣Ϸסˣ
Ȼ˿̷ǳļԳƶӡ𡯸ĳˡϷ򡯣֮УҲǼһ˿еζ
ҶԪ֮ģڣԪ֮ģһڣһĽȴǽȻͬ
ףϷһΣϷ֤ԺȻڣ
ҶҡͷһЦȻʱҲˣСӣҪżˡ
ұȥ
һһƴСʯʱҶǰҶ۾һΪʯ֮ǰǿɱ

ɱĳ֣һŨĺ⣬ҲǴӿһ㣬գۼͰռ
ûгãЩâѸٵƬ֮һͷȥʱһģһĴ󣬻ĸ˳
ҶҲûԥֱ̤˽ȥ

ҩȣ֮С
֨
Ưںľٶȴϸ죬ţľŴ򿪣һӰл˳
ԭǴģô꣬Ϸ򶼿ˡҶ׵ĳ֣̾ϢҲǴ˳
䣡
ո£ܱǶȻһֻиķʽҶ׳˹
Ҷɫһ䣬󣬲ѾԼƳô
Ϸµ󷨣ֻһ㣬Ƴģֻǵһѡ
ƺ֪ҶͷʲôһЦȻӣһʱǺľţֻһľֱӱƬЩҲǶȻΪ֮䡣
ôҲ˷ˡ
һһ̣һɫСգͬ޵׶һ㣬ת֮ǽЩȫɡ
ࡣ
ʮ֮С΢΢һŻԲĺɫҩ
鵤˵Ʒߣ㣬Ҳǲˡ


ڶʮ 
鵤ƷҩҩȽ׵ͬƵرȽס
ҩЧˡ
ֵ+50
ֵ+5
ӣһֻɶһֵֵһ֡

ž鵤ԣҶǾȵɫȻû뵽ĵҩôǿԡ
룬Ҷ׽ž鵤ǰǾֵǲֵñķһⵤҩǳƷһЩ㣬Աʱ֮ĺá
Ҷ׽鵤ǰüָûУ
ָǵ֮ǻɰҲҪҿûôǮҶҡͷЦ
ݣ
Ļո£ǰͻȻһ⣬һöɫĽָ
ⴢָȻ̫߼ҲװһݣðɣԺлᣬŪõġ𵭵
Ҷ׺ݺݵһĭװһݵĴָҪֵǧǴ˵ȴǰĵȻҪһͷײĳ嶯
ڵʵ̫ͣԸоⶫ󣬵Ժ󾳽ˣ֪ʵҲϡƽѡ
ҶһѽǽɫָץסƬ̣ʳָһѪϣ̸֮ӦⴢָƺЩһǣ
鵤ԼЩƱһͬóҶһ⼸ʧ
ȻǺöһԺ¾ͷˡҶ׾̾˵ֶָɽν൱󣬾񺣶ӵй

ڿҶװóʱ۾һҿ԰ơҪҪ

ҶһҩЧ϶ҪǿϺܶࡣ
ҪҩôҶʵ
˻ҪҲá𵭵һЦЩ
Ҷֱӽ˳Ǳ鷳ǰˡ
һӣҶе̷ɽǽɫСУͬʱܵҲ֮۶ӿСС
㣬ʮӹȥǽɫС΢΢£һŷɫâĵҩǳҶС
ŵҩͨԲŨҩ˱ǣֻ棬Ǳǿ˲١
Ʒҩ
ҩЧˡ
ֵ+300
ֵ+40
֮ʱҶײһ˵ƷҩеļƷ
ھ֮̾ǿʱһİû֮Ҳӿͷֻܶһ25ֵƳ֮󣬾15㣬һ
ңƳɵҩĻͲֻԶһֵǿԶһֵ
֪ˣͰһöҲˣʧʵۡ
ֽҶϸֳһĨЦݣڷ֮󣬽ҪõĶࡣ
Ҳûȥˡ
һۣҶ͵Ծ𣬼Ծ֮䣬ʧ

ɽּҸۡ
Ҫ׸磬ҾҪ׸磡Ůɤڴ˿ȴǴЩ
ǳףּ֮ˣ඼ҶףΪ԰ʳҶ״˷ʧܱܿйء
һμķûòǱ˸ɱ˰ɣϾһͽġվһԣЩֻζ
üȥʲô
һڵĵҡҵȻǹȥġ
ôģһ𣬴ҶּңƱûиһں̸ʲôģȫǳ
ˡ
ĿЩ㣬λϵ񺣰˰֣ĻѾȫˣҲ̫ģײ벻ԸӦʲô鵢ˡ
ߣñ֪ʲô˴̼׸ˣȻĻĲһСȭͷȴǶƣԣľ
ƶ˶촽ȴҲֻЦûж˵ʲô
СӣһͿˣ磬С̫ˣԺ޲ȥŶʱЦͻȻ
һ٣͵תͷֻһݵӰԺģȻҶף
׸磡
Ҳ˹ȥֱ˽Ҷ׻֮ӿίĵȥˣ˼ҵôʱ䣬˼һΪ
Ϊ벻ɱǰɣҶЦ硣
У˼Ҳûô롣ֹ˵
£ƺоЩ̣תͷһֻڶĿЩŹֵĶԼҲǷӦæſҶףɬţһƬ죬ֱӶ
߰ɣȽȥ
ҶЦЦŮɬĵͷ֮£һͬŴȥ


ڶʮ ͻ200
У񺣼ҶƽҲԵһϾҶ֮ǰǵȲһҹȥʮһֱټǰʱϵ£䣬˾޴ѹѰ̼Ҳ֡
ңҶ׼ˡ
СһҲˣ˼ͰεԣԺĳɾͣǲҶЦݵӣа
һ£ĸһҶ׵Ϣһȴ˫Ȼɴ鲻Խľأ
ԣ֮ڵ˶ɫҲ˱仯
үȻﵽˣ
ţٶȡֲ̫˰ɣ
ҼǵãǰǰſʼģŰ£ʹﵽˣ
֮ĴվڴɫҲ΢΢һ䣬ܹܵҶ״˿̵ϢȷʵѾﵽأ
Ҷ׺һģﵽأʲôֵ¡
ǰǰſʼģʱ䣬Ǵﵽأһʲôٶȣ
СϣҲǲ˾֮ɫǱ׸磬̫ˣҪأ
˵Ů֮Уȴûаּʣǳĸˡ
ٶҲŰ²Ȼͻˡ
ڶ𾪵ĿϣҶ׵ɫȴȻͬˮһƽԴתͷ񺣵һٶȿһЩ
һЩ
ô˻ڶּ֮˶ʱһҪһͷײĳ嶯
ּҵСţǻ˽ӽµʱ䣬ŴͻƵأҶȴʮڣͻأǿһЩֱǿҪ
Ȼǲѣһˣ
񺣴Цһ·ǿһǣԼȾ˵ٶ̬Ѹ
ٶȣϰǵνҲĪҶĺ󱲣Ҷҵĸ֣
Ҷ΢΢һЦȻǰóһЩƱǰЩΪƵּҽһЩӣ
ˣվһԵһ飬֪ҶǹԼԼּЩҶ׵˿ġ
ưǰǰСĸҶΪһӷҶڵΪϺݺݵһ⣬Ǻ֡
ôˣҪּһˣҿɲͬ⡣Ҷ׵Ʊɫһ壬װŭ
һĻͬǲ׸磬ǺƵ͸ҿûҪ㻹Ǯ
ҶЦŮ۵СѾͷһӿɲʲôСĿҪԺɻеʱء
壬֮ûּõ׵ĵط׶Ϊ裬ӣһҪ¡
񺣼Ҷ׻ᶨҲûƴǣڵּң治ֿóһĴ

ҶױصԼķ䡣
ƨɻδȣСӱıĸ
׸磬˵жҪ͸ңʲô۾һգһգģڴģǿɰ
ҶЦЦһƵǳС
Ƶ㽫֮ãͻƵصٶȻࡣ

ȵĳС죬ҶãƺҪЩ˼
ˣ׸磬㻹ԼŰɣ츳ӦñȸõĶࡣѵҩƸҶף˵ţ۾ȴûƿһ֡
״ҶײݸЦѾԹˣģô
˼ҲŲأ
ƺȵľ仰СİߣٶȣҶ׶㶡
Ȼȥˣ׸´μҵʱҿɾصǿأʱɲҪҴܣ
Ҷ׵ɫҲԼǵС˼¶ˣϸֳһĨߺ죬һ仰֮һ˸ûӰ
ǻûüϵķţҶ׿Цõҡҡͷóǲеķ
е
ֵ15
սֵ+25
ĵһҳɱ¼ԶҶǰ
ҶҲû룬ֱӽһɱ¼ϵĲֵ32㣬Ҳ㹻һˡ
ͷ֮󣬲̱17㣬սֵǴ183203ȫԺЩأص
Ҫһ£ǰ˵ӵսֵȡսֵߵҶ֮ǰʯȭ5㣬25㣬ԣͰʯȭ5ȥҪķѴһЩϸ
⹦ƺЩһҶ׶Ѫɫ鼮ü
ҶҲ⹦ʶ㣬Ӧ֪һЩʵôһ
桭֣ʵ
Ҷ׵˵ͷ֣ǣԼܿ
Ҽǵãаĵߣһ顭
һ仰ֱҶԭء


ڶʮ 
а񣬾ȫ£Ϊ۷һаеƷûȷеΪʱƣܻϰ񣬵ֻҪϵĶóһһǿߣ
д˵һǻʾǿߣõаʮġƾһʥСɵǿ֮ãӳ֮ʥСǿҪȴǱѹҷۣ
ֻеʮӵԿа֮ߡ
˿̣Ȼ˵аߵĶһ飬ֱͬһףҶЩز
Ҳ̫ڴаǶؼǿߵд󲿷ֶѾˣȻ֪ûˣҹƣûУҲѡ˵ġ
ٶȿڣͬһˮͷϽҶײ˷ۡ
ʱЩһ˵ֻ˰µʱ䣬ʹһͻƵˣؾΪ⹦ԭɣ
Ҷ΢΢ͷ£Ҳùһ۾ܿ
ǲаϵ飬⹦㻹óĺãĵӦס
Ҷ׳ĬһͻȻʵǰʵһֱܺ棬ôǿôᡭ䵽ⲽأ
Ϊӵаʮġɽ𵭵
ԣҶ׻һ֮УŨŨĺȻ֮ɫ
û뵽ʿԼ߾ôһңʮš
һ仰Ѿеԭ˳ҶᵽЩջǰʥ򾳵ʵȻ׷ɱ˵ĵزֲոջᾯԼ
ǲǺڵʱûҪҵԪ֮ˣ٩
Ҷ΢΢һЦʱǽԪ֮õ֣ھͿв߽ɽˡ
ǵɲڵʵӵеġ
СһҲЩ֪֮

峿ּҴ֮С
ǶѾ̤أԣѾʸͳ¼ҵһĴˡ
񺣻·Щּҵһۣ˵ھ󣬴Ӷ˭ʤˣǱ㰴Ϲأİķ֮һ
ԣڶּҵһʱ¶ԾԾԵɫ
¼ɽҶһ壬ּɽĵλһǵص
ʮǰһͬ˴֮һɽϵĴʱִ˫ʵУƴɱĻԪˣգͨҵһҵķݶ
ÿھΪʮݣóݣҼУʣ°˷ݣҵһᡣ
ΪҼѾ˷ݶԣǲԲᡣϾ˭֪ҼŮ϶ʵȻҪ߳һЩǽбֻ˷ʱѡ
ʣµİ˷ݣÿɳ˽д裬ļӮһļҵķݶǻһݡ
дУǳ¼ҵһӮö࣬ƽּõķݶҲֻݡ
ǳѻⲢֻ⣬ģʧּ֮ϱؼ̤ĸо
׵ʵȫʸᣬûɣ񺣿Ҷһۣʵ
ԣ˶ǰƲƲ죬񺣱ѯʣǻȴǾζ˭ʱȥ
ûʲô⣬Ǳɡ
񺣼˷ԣҶЦЦһӣ߳ڶּҺҲ֮ϡ

ɽʵЩʵΪֻһͺͺĴɽνӺɽһЩɽ壬ЩȺû಻ϵĸо
ɽǴڵء
ּ˵صʱеһյϣѾվЩӰȻǺҶ¼ҵˡ
񺣣ˣһΪдЩءոţһĴЦ
Ҷ̧һֻ¼ҵǰһźɫ˫ֱأĲм֮ɫղǻȻǴﴫġ
ǳ¼Ҽºϡ
ٶҲż󣬿ң¹˭֣δ֪ءЦһɫЩ
ҿҪĿԴˡºװֵ˺󼸲ʱ¼֮˳ĺЦͬʱҲּߣЩŭ
ϻ˵ˣϹأÿһļӮļҵá񺣲ͷĵ
ٺ٣ǻһô
º϶񺣣Цҳ¼ֻһˣսּҰˣҳ¼Ӯķݶȫҳ¼ҵģ
ôԣ񺣵ɫʱѿ


ڶʮ ϣ
ⴿᣬֹأһ֣֮ǰǰ㣬ּҺͳ¼ҸˣļӮһݡ
ڶ֣ͬº˵һңֻһˣռԷˣӮķݶȫУ˵Ļ԰յһַʽ±ԡ
ͬʱһսģʽһңҲֻһ˵ĻǱļӮˣļҾ͵õȫķݶ
˭ڶַʽôռñ˵ͦ󣬵Գ¼ҺּЩĦҪսҵĺֶᣬһ⣬ץסᣬİˣԲ飬شģʱֱӽ䵤飬ɷ
Ҳɫѿԭ򣬳ºϼȻս϶Ƕ֮˷ǳģĻ¼ӦûӮֺǽⴿķݶּһò
ڳºϻ֮һԼĪʮ˾꣬Ҳǻ˳
Űۣݿʣü֮䣬һ˿İ
˾ȻģɢϢǿԲּκһܱȡ
Ҷ˫ɨ̽źۼ˳
·
״̬۷
ʵȽף
սֵ190
һﵹͦǿ䣬ʹﵽءҶͷ
¼ҳ·㣬ּҶʹ̽ʱ·ҲǱ˱ȭЦ˵
ء
ܵɢϢɫѿҪּ֪ҵСҲֻأЩּҺ󱲣Ҳأͳ·ʵʵ̫ࡣ
صʿսһء߸أûʲôֲǳºϻ˵š
񺣵ּҵĺǣɫҲǲЩ仯Ȼû뵽˷¼һôһ
ºϣ˻ǸԼ·ĺãСһ¼ңɳܲôʧ˫ĿĶųºϣ˵
񺣣ҳ¼ܲܳܵˣǾͲòĵˡ
ºϴЦһĿּҺɨΪмĵңּǸʵô
ԣڶּҺ󱲶һŭҲ˵ʲôϾ˿̵ּҿǴھԵơ
Ҳ˵öԣⴿһֵģҳ¼ҵҲô̰ģ
ӽ꿪ʼֻּ꣬һݣٰ֮չô񺣲˵ºٶȿڵֻǻ֮УȴŨŨļ֮⣬һݵĴ󣬶ʩġ
Դˣȴû̫ķŭƽֻɫʾ˿̵鲢̫á
Ҫ˵ּҵʽд󲿷ⴿһݶòôּҵ⣬ǻᴦһֵյľ棬ֽ񺣳ܲ
񺣱Ͼּҵļ˼ȥǴѡºϺȻĳչõһݴֻҪּܹȥһ죬Ὣյĳֻ
ˣҡ
ȵȡ
񺣴㿪֮ʱҶȴǰһЩ㵵һۣԳ·㵭ЦҶף²ߴͽ̡
Ҫϣ
һĻּҵڶ󱲶ʱɴ۾˵ҶٶȽΪֲٶȲʵضأԻǲҰܵ³ǲɣҶ׵ӣǲ㶺ˣ
Ҷ׵Ļ֮Ҳ㶣Сף²çײ¼ҵЩһֽϺݣԿġ
¡Ҷҡͷ
ߣֻ֪ǿļһˣּʣµһɷݶûˡü˵
ԣҶ׶ȻתͷĿͬһϡ
ϣ
һͣ㬵ƲƲ죬Ҷվȴֻ֪ڱ˵
ҶףҶҵǸҶף
·㶢ҶףмЦ˵Ҷҵķﱻּ֮󣬱ּ֮ƶΪǰӣһֵֻǧĵͽȷд¡
ƾصʵҽֵʸûа
Ҳ·罻֣Цˡ
ҶҵķҪΪ˾Ŀˣڳ·Ȼֻһѣ
û뵽ּҾȻɵӣҪȥԺ֪ҪּҴ鷳ء
·㿪֮ĳ¼ҺҲǸźЦֻҶ׹ž޲ӣҲǻı
Ȼ˵Ĳ֪ôңȥĵѵѵ㣡
·ЦһӿƣֱӳҶ˹


ڶʮ ȡ
صʿҶͬǲҴ⣬·㳯Լ˹Ҳǻȭ£ֱ·ȥ
飡
ȭײʱɢ˶΢΢һ٣ĵ˼
ţ
·üͷһ壬ԭΪԼոյĹԽܣڿһﵹȷ֡
ֲøа壬ʵأضвܵʸ񡭡㹻ùҡ
ղֻѣұ㿴صʵ
˵֮ʱ·˫ѸٽӡΪۻӿ˳ЩѸڳ·ͷգ֮䣬ǻһ޴ϻͷ­
黢Х
·һӰȻ˫΢ϻצһ㣬ֱҶץ
𣡡
ж֮ʱͷϻͷ­Ҳ˻һų·ҶףϢ֮ɢҪҶ֡
µô
Ҷۣ΢΢𣬽Ųһ̤棬ӰȻһöڵ㣬ֱ·ȥ
ʯȭ
޳˫ֽסһѪɫЩɱѸٵϣ֮䣬۳Ѫɫȭâ·㡣
Ϊͬµֲ֮Ĳô
·ɫһ˫צΪֱҶ׵ȭâӴһ޴Ĵ͸ʱ˫צ֮ϴ˳
𣡡
ͬʱͷϻͷ­ҲȻ£޴ʹȳҶ׵Դ˺ҧȥ
Сģ
Զͫһæѡ
ȻֹҶɫȴȻƽ˫ȭ·ץס֮ʱһȻӿһ˵ķ֮˫ȭ֮ϱǳ·ֻԼץʯͷһ㣬ָ׾Щۡ

Ҷױһ˫ȭһǳ·̱𿪣ٶȣݺݵĺϻͷ­֮ϡ
飡
һϻͷ­ֱӱѿɢ֮ɢ
ЩֶΡ
·ɫЩ䣬Ӱո£һεıͬʱһһ˽ɫĳǹֶ
ڱ㳢еӰǹ
ų·˫ֵ趯֮ϣǳһ֮ɫʮ׵ķΧڣǶǹӰֶ

ҶͬǱȳƵ֪ʱѾУӿɲ֮䣬ݻߵɫâֱǹӰȥ
ϣ
һײʱ񱩵ŰǿǴ˺Ŀ磬ϣǱ޾̳

ʮڣΪɢǽ̳һУ֮ˣЩ֮еս棬ֻһײ
̳֮У·ɫأ˿ѾȫûпҶ׵˼˵ȣҲȣɱϾĲһأͱܣҶףȴĽڶĹ
ϣ
˼֮ʱǳǹ֮ϣƵٴ£⿴ƽһȴó·ɫͻȻ԰ףͬʱؿھ𣬺Щ
֣һεĹƺ֮ǰҪǿ˺ܶ࣡
Ϊ200սֵֻܺƽô
ڳ·㻹δӦ֮ʱҶ׵ЦǴһֻ̣һֻŰɫЬĽѸٶٶȣֱ͸ղ֮
飡
⣬Ҷ׵һţݺݵӡ˳·㸹·һ𣬴ڵѪ˳һ̣ɢ
飡
ּҺͳ¼Ȼͬı֮УһӰȻ̳֮еȻݺݵˤ˵ϣٶһѪ
·㣿
֮ʱ֮ˣǵɴ飬ŵľ
ǲԼͬĿսص㣬ֻ̳ѾɢһݵӰĸ˳
Ҷ׵ɫͬЩ԰ף·ϾأղӲĽôĹѪҲЩӿ
һվһɣһȻһ⵽ش
ĶԱȣõڳ֮˺Щ̫˳涼ǱЩž
ּžֻǳƬʱ䣬㱻ּЩ󱲾ϲĻơ
۳¼֮˵ɫȴЩ̫ÿ
ǳºϣ΢΢һ³·ڵ֮ʱɫʱҪγˮ
СǺúݵֶΣдѣȻ·ĵﶼˣºɭĶҶףҧгݵ˵
ԣ񺣵ͬһ㶣Ȼû뵽Ҷ׵ֶΣ˵ĺ
ǵĿ⣬Ҷ׷ûп˿ڰϧ
ϧˣصļһҪǽɱֵӦúܶ࡭
ղһҶʵѾɱģֻǳ·Ͼأʱ̣ȫ˷ȻĻڿͶˡ
гºڸǰҲøȥ׷ɱֻա
ǸһĽͣȻĻ߳ɽҶײԼºɫ衣
Ҫô
ҶƳ˳·һۣȡ


ڶʮ ɱ
ãһȡ
ô˻ºϵӣ׵ǳ¼ҵһں󱲣Ҳ¶ɫĿȻ
ӽ֪ʲôľȡ
䣡
δ䣬ǼۻϯǾ˵ĲҶɫ΢˺˼

ºϱһӰδȴǶȻۣգ֮䣬ǻΪһʮ֮ƣٶȣҶֶ
º񺣵ʵͬǹԪɣҶʵǱУԻǵ³
飡
Ȼڴʱһɫľ޴ȭâͻȻӱȻգ֮䣬֮ϣֻһ޴촫ͬʱѣɢܳȫͬʱҲҵС˺һЩ롣
ºϣ㻹ҪҪˣ
ǰһҶ׻֮ϣŭӿ
д⣬ǳе£ȱǾ㣬Сһ㾹һС֣ΪּǺ۸Ĳɣ
񺣣СͲּҵˣǿûʲôԮĹأԣûǸÿºɭɭĶҶףֲ߻ɱͲͷ֮޵ζ
ڳºϵڣȴЦһ죬ѾΪӣⴿᣬȻʸ񡣡
㣡
ºȻû뵽񺣻ô˵һʱ֮䣬ؿȴҲ֪˵Щʲô
·츳õϰǣҲԳƵţڽİУǳ¼Ŭпܻǳǻ֮ʱͻƵء
Ȼºû뵽Ҷ׾Ȼֱӽ䵤ˣӽԺֻǰҶһ㣬Ϊ
ʧóºѣϢĸоͷŭȴҲûڲѣ֪ˣ϶ʵʵİյһֹ
С֣ˣļţҳ¼գȻʮ
º֪ڴˣҲ˲ҶףֻȷºݻԴйͷŭ
㣬񺣡
ºĿһת񺣣˵ҶҵǰԴŭ˻ã񻹸ҽҶҵСҿּҵӣҲˡ
ô˻Ҷ˫ĿһŨѪ֮ɫ飬ȻºϣѾɱġ
һ仰ּܹܲĳãǲòĵ¡񺣵
ȻˣǱǻϼС˴ʱҲҳ¼ĺˡ
񺣵ЦЦҲº϶˵ϻתֵߣ
Ҷ׽·ܣĴȫּУֽȻõ񺣵飬õĲٺá
ۼּҵȥǳºҲֻɫıѾԵĳ·㣬ͬʱų¼ҵһں󱲣ЩǱʧ˴˵ء

ɽּҡ
Ҷصʵأͬƽĺһը̶̰ʱǴּ˾֪
Ϣ֮ʱ˭Ŀɿڴ
ԽսܣǷϵ˵ǷϣĪ˵붼룡
һսҶּҵĵλѸߣͬʱҲ֪ҶҵǸѾתǶҪš
֮УӰϥһɹɢ
ЩɢԲ԰׵ӣҲ𽥵ĺ

Ҷ׻³һ㲻30ľֵ
ܵ˲̫أ̷Ǿ鵤֮󣬲ȫָһ30ľֵҲûа׳ԡ
ľֵ300ǿͻأ300ֵʵ㲻̫࡭
СһҩϷҲͻƣôϵ
Ҷ΢΢ͷٶȿνǷǳ֮죬ֻҪԼ㹻ҩͲõͻƵ⡣
Ǿ鵤Ҫļҩ鵤ͼĵҩɱҲͣҶȴı⡣
鵤Ҫ̫࣬ԹݣҪ80ꡣҲ50ݣ10黨10¹ơ
ˣҶüͷͼݣô˵80Ҳܶһ20ֵˣɵҩȴֻܶһ50㾭ֵ5ֵƺĻҪöࡣ
ʵҪ˵ûпΪҩһǾֵҩĻֻܶһֵֵ;ֵȫͬĸܵȼ۽
ңҩˣսʱһˣֵ϶ãǵҩȴԻָƣĻûˣٶĲֵҲûˡ
80ݣҲ800İ˵Ҳ̫󡭡Ҷװ뵽
׸磬ȥһˡʱһʮŮҶ׷ţȻ̽Դ˵
ҶƳһۣ֪ˡ
ǳ·㽻֮ǰŮԼ޲÷ȥȴ׸糤׸̵ģֿתĴʵҶЩԲͬʱҲЩ


ڶʮ 
΢ʰһ£Ҷױ˴
˿̵ĴѾվˣЩĿ⣬Ҷüͷ΢΢ΪĿ⣬ǰǲӵеģԴˣôð
ּңϾԼļҡҶͷ̾
ǳǻ֮󣬱Ҫ뿪ּңȥطˣϾʵɽѾ
ףҶ׳֣񺣹һЦָԵλ˵
˶˵ע£ҶҲܷ񺣵ӣ±߹ȥ
Ҷ׶λãһ۵ǰߣҶĿɨæͷ𴦡
ֲɵӣҶ·㶼ܻܣɲǺߵ˼
Ҳ֪˴˴κͳ¼ҵ֮£˵ʵҲû뵽ֽգǰּңǰܵıһӻǣң˷ݴǵģ
ԣҪ׽
ˣڶּ֮˽¶Ľ֮ɫ֮ĹͣӦٲȥ
Ҷȴæ壬ľ֮Գԣ⽱ײҪ
⺢ӣ˵Щ׻ұΧ㸸ͬǾһҪô˵ǲǾˣɫһ壬װõ
Ǿǣ׸磬ôĹͣû㽱ɲСڴʱС
ҶһתͷһֻһŮ뽿εӰҫ֮£һĨĻȣҶ׶΢΢Ļ˻
ͻˣҶЦʵ
Ȼ˼ҲءС֣Цӯӯ˵
ԣҶײݸſʼչصģձѾͻˣ츳ҲȷͨˣҲҪ졣
ͻƣ񺣱ӵЦݸֵ˶
ѾͷȻѾ̤أʱĻǸߵˡ
ּҵĸߵҲֻһΨϣ㹻֧Ÿߵԣ˭ҪȴﵽأȻĻҲá
񺣵Ļּҵٶ¶ĽɫߵܹӺܶսġ
ܹصĳ·㣬ҲǿߵˣʱĻһɡתͷҶ˵
ԴˣҶ׵ûоܾͷл塣
һž鵤Ƕ˴εĽ⣬ǵǴ֮󣬽һݣϾġָָϵһЩƱŵҩЦ˵
˵ĵǲ٣ҶʵãϵģͲǳ·ˡ
Ҷ˵Щʲôȴȵ׸磬ɲܾܾŶȻĻһŷӰġ
ŮǽҶ׿ЦһҲͲپܾ
ңҪЩ񺣵ľ֮Ժеʱ䳥
ž鵤ļֵּ̫࣬ҲûʦԼǵͼҩּҲ
ϣ񺣴һϯҶ׵Ǻ˲٣ڻص֮󣬱ڵľƾȫˡ
һ֮ǰƵһöö鵤ǳУҶ׳Ƭֻ̣öһöٴηŽ˴ָ
ö鵤Ҳ150ľֵ㲻
鵤ԶһֵҲԶһֵҶȻûжһֵ˼ȻĻҩֱӶһĻ㡣
Ҷ׵Ķһž鵤һѿȻգ֮䣬ͱɱ¼ϵһâɣͬʱҶ׵ľֵҲӵ347ž鵤ǿͻء
ٶȣҶҲǳ˵˷֮ɫȥҵ֮һǳ
ΪλͻȻɱҶңҶֱ񶼲ףǰǷ糾۹֮һ׻ǵǿճ˵˵ҶҶ֣ǿῴҶһۡ
ǵͻȻɱͬҶҵ˴ֲ
ֲĴЦ飬ڵϷһȺһĿ¾˾ɱǮȣǸǱĴ֣ʽϵĴݻ٣ֱһ֮󣬷ȥ
Ҷ֪ԲĿԵɱȻĻ֪Լţ϶ưոݡ
Ҳʹ񺣣Ҳ֪ʲôԭ
ⲢµҶ׽еǷݳصĺȵԱʱֳޣϯ׻ǡ
ңŰɡҶĿ˸ɱӿ
ɱһֱ˶һ죬ɱҶףٰ׻ǡ


ʮ 
ڶһ磬ҶױɽҩС
Ҷ׽ҩеĻæЦүҩģ
Ҷױּӻ飬ɽ˶֪ȻЩ˿ҩеĻƣɻûǷʸ޼ɵĳ
š
Ҷ׵˵ͷЦһЩݡ
ݣüаּҵĴҲòȥĶͼҩġ
ǰʱ䣬һΪҶ׹ͽ飬Ҳ֪ڿϢƺЩˮ֡
Ҫ٣Цʵ
Ҷ˼һ800ɡ
ȿȣ
Ŀһĭûʺãʱ
Ǹүݣ10һ꣬800Ļ8000ӰС˵
Ҷüͷһ壬Цô𣿡
ûУûС
æ֣ǰЩ챾һݣǹ˵Ŀˡ
Ҷ׵ͷǾȥðɣƱ
ǻѸȥıӰҶ̾ҩеĻƣƲԼô
һƱǱһҩӺ˳ҶҲûϸֱ֮뿪
ҶݵӰҩлƲ˲ͷ亹ǹƵ£Ȼİ

֮ǰҶҲ¹ݺ黨ԼƵҩ͹û̫ĲԣҶ׾ֻѡݣ˸Ϊ򵥡
ص֮Ҷ׽һ˳ĵǰ𣿡
Ȼԡ
긡ֶͷǽɫСҲ֮֡

ӣһݶʱȫС˽ȥҶ׿һ̾СҲָͬһ㣬ӦþټĿռ䡣
ŰɣЩݣʱӦòˣɵĻӦûһʱҡ
˵һΪмĺϷ״̬Ƿѣͼҩգ֮ϡ
СҲаϵĶ𣿡ҶͻȻʵ
ΪЩ·ߵĴײˣһץܵõ˷ۡ
ⶦΪʶϷ֮ģȻƷҲ㲻ﵽƷףǱЩǲʮǧ
Ʒס
ҶǺݺݵĳһ飬ʥǿߣóһǵ׵ı
Ǹû΢һãҶ죬𣬸Цŵ
ϷҲֻʣⵤʶԼɽĶʱ򣬱Щһ˸һɶ
Ҷϣӣ٩ҪҸɽã
Ҷֱתͷ򵤻ʶʲôû
ģЦ
ࡣ
̸֮УһʱŶȥǵʶͻȻţһŨĵ籡󣬽9ž鵤˳
ҶȻŵʶɵСһ㿴ʲô
800ݣӦû10ž鵤ôҶԻ
ԣʱ¶һ˿֮ɫͷϷ״̬ѽ9ҲˣСôͲء
Ҷ״㵵Ŀ𣬺һŷӦԭϼһ˵ĻҲǿȫŵİ
ϧˣ80ݣ800ء
9ҲǲˣҶû˿ԥһԵĶһ˾ֵ
ʱ䣬һ˵ĲҶɢ˿Ϣصӣ
450㾭ֵҶͻ֮Ƕ397㣬أҲֻ603ѡ
սֵͻ̱֮50㣬ֱӴ203253ٶǳ·ĻҶģһȭ֮£ԿԺѪ
⣬ͻˣŴͣЩ͵ĵ
ⵤҩѵҪȥô
Ҷž鵤һֵʱ򣬲ûͻƣΪĹһԲûжʡ
ڣ9ž鵤˲䱬ѣǵۻԲһصܹյġ
ؼǣǰһﲻգ֮ˣҡͻˣ
Ҷ׵Ȼ֪𾪵ʲôɱ¼ֻԼܹ͸ˣôҲֻһƬհ׶ѡ
£ҶҲûĽֻͣЦŵ˵ͷ
ΪȻĿҶãգĳ֡
̬
ٶȣȷʵԳ֮Ϊ̬ļǵãͻƵʱ򣬿ǻʱʱ䣬Ȼ˱ֳɼ԰ҶǰҪײĳ嶯ˡ
ˡʱ⴫
ֱɢҶǽɱ¼
Ŵ򿪣ŮεӰ˽
׸磬˵ҪȥϰǣҪҪһȥ
ϰǣ
Ҷּ̧̧ÿ¶ȥϰﹺһЩƷԴ˵Ҳ֪
ϰķУӦûɽ򷱻Ķ࣬ԼҪҩǿȥ￴
ţȥҲСҶЦ
ԣ϶ʱųһĨЦݣ糿㡣


ʮһ н
峿ּһ׼ϣǳϰǳˡ
ÿһεĳУּҶὫȫϣϾһ·ɽԽ룬ڶ࣬ˣȻᱻΧ
˵ɽһʵǿҶСŵ㡣񺣱߱ߺȵ
׸磬˵ͷ죬ŹԪСɵʵء
ԪСɣ
ҶüЩʵҲǼǿֲ˵Ĳ
ȥʱӦò£Ҫǻ·ϣЩʮа˾ŻϮʱһҪСһ㡣˵ɫȴûʲôǣϾ񺣵ʵǹԪɵġ
ţ֪ˡ
Ҷ΢΢ͷȴ΢Щڴɱ¼ɱʵҲɱʵѾɱ˲٣ˣɻδɱء
ּһ˽Ĵɽʱ֣ŵִϰǣҵǣδ
Ҳ֮УЩһֻЯڶʱ򹥻һܼٶԷսĶҲࡣ
ϰǱɽֱһƶĴ䣬ҲҶ׵һϰˣķЩ̾
˽Ƿּ֮һѰһջͣ£񺣵ס£ٲɹƷǿжǲǷǣ֮ǰصջ
ǣ
ô˻ּҵЩ󱲶ʱ¶˷ܵɫ˵
ʰ֮ȲҶףҶ׿Цõɫ֮Уŷȥ
ڳģ˵ϰΪĵشһǴУֻһССŵ̯ɤߺţڶʿй䣬ʱõϵĶ˳¡
׸磬ǱҩģȥǱ߿ɡҶףҲ𲻴ӦֱӾǱȥ
ò˵ϰķȷʵҪ࣬ҶײԴ˵ǲôעʱһɽûеҩɵ̾

֮䣬ҶͻȻһĨϤɫ΢΢һ˹ȥʵô
һǰ̯˵
һ
Ҷü۸񲢲̫ߣĻԲֹһɹؼǣڸûôӡ
ܱһЩôҶʵ
ֵܣҲƴŪģʵǲܱˣĻԶԶֹۡЦҡͷ
ԣҶ̾ϢǴȥ
ȻڴʱȴͻȻ˵Сһǿɫôһн
н
Ҷ۾һƳڽѹŵزĺɫ飬ȴЩɢֲĪ˵нˣǵͽҲϲϡ
Ҷײûл۹⣬̱һ̽ȥ
˵нӡ
սֵ+1
ԭǱӡˣӡ⿪ĻսֵӦûࡣҶͷ
׸磬ҪҪĻǾʵ㲻գԾҽˡҶƺҪ᲻õӣ˵
Ҷ΢΢һǿЦ񺣲ԼҪǵʱôּ֮ڳǸĶˣЩɣ
Сһǵн»ע⣬㽫Ȼ鸽㡣ҿ԰Ȼתˣ۸Ӧûᷭ
Ҷ㶣¶ϲɫҩҩֵǮǿ϶ģѣ벻
һȷʵеˣҲ಻Ǯ
Ҷҡҡͷֵˣʡһһ֣Ҫˡ
Ǻǣֵˬ죬ҲֵܳԿЩҩ֮⣬ٿһɣ͵ġӹƱݸҶףЦ
ҶĿһղŻѰ˼ôڣû뵽һﾹȻԼˡ
˵ʵľҩҩ֮⣬ֻʣһЩûõˣ֪ǺнҶ׻濴ϡ
װģѡһҶձǿ飬Ҳ滹еˣҪɡ
Ǻǣֵ˵ҺһģûʲôôֵϲĻȥɡЦ
׸磬Ҫôʲô뿪̯λ֮ʵ
ɲͨ飬һнҶգգۣһʧ
㶣ɴ۾˼ĵ׸磬дָ
żȻġҶЦЦ


ʮ 
ԸãͷԸǻ飬Ҷײ˵Ҳûʡ
ﻹǷǳ𾪵ģϾôһָԵֵּҵȫƲˣĺܺ棬Ҷ׵
ڷתһҶһЩҩֱϵȫ¶һĨδЦݡ
˵Ҷ׵ûоܾϾҲҪǮûҪĽ飬Ǵּ֮Ҳں
ҶװѸĶˣСѾͷȴǻûתǰЩЦǣĲҩ֮ĶŮõ֬ˮۺһЩСƷòͿɿڵʳҪҩ֮ĶҪĶࡣ
ףƯķ١
֮䣬ͻȻһԵ̯ϵһۺɫ٣ʱ۾һǰʵϲⷢô
7000Щϵ̯Ц
7000ʱɴ۾ĵϲһ7000ⲻҪ𣿡
СѾͷɲͨķ٣עһԣ̯Цҡͷ
ԣԻ٣עУǷٶʱһɾ޴ֱˡ
һС¶һĨȤɫٴӿһĨҲϣǹգ֮ʧ˷֮С
ⷢһͽԴ洢洢Ĳֻܹ࣬صʹΣȻĻ»ֹ7000ء̯۾ЦŽ͵
ҪˡܹĶɲϲİѷУ±ҪǮ
ҳ8000
ȻڴʱһԸ߰ŮͻȻ
Ҷüͷһ壬תͷȥֻһԼʮ߰ŮŮҲĸϸ쳣һ˫޳ȱ¶֮Уѩϸ֮͸ЩУ֮һĿ
Ů󣬻ʮŮǵϣǴһķΣϵıҲ࣬ǴһĨɫ
ҵˣ
Ҷǰǿš衯ֵĻ£ЩΪϰĴ֮һ˸һȣҲô֡
ȻҲ֪Щ˵ݣ¶һ˿ãתͷ̯˵ƱϲӦ֪ʲô󵽰ɣ
̯˿ּҵˣΪѵ˵СҲ֪ǶЩˣȻ˭ļ۸ߣ˭
ҲˣûǮĻǸϿ߰ɣﶪۡŮЦŻ˻֡
ô˻ӶʱΪǴε£ͶûжٺøУ˷˵ķ裬ͷӿЩŭ
ǮҲŪɧİɣЦ
ƨ
ŮһɣָЩҶԱ˲Ų˺죿
˻һ̸֮壬ܵһЩʿҲǽĿͶ֮УǴſϷɫ
Ҷüͷ壬ʩչһ̽Ϣ̳ɱ¼ϣóɱ¼ϢǷԼԺ֮С

״̬۷
ʵȽף
սֵ150
صʵҶһƱܽȷɣ϶Ҳ֪ʵȴ˵ķ裬ɴ˿ɼϰǵĵλ֮ߡ
˵ϰǵĴ˵濴ʵ޼ʵϣչЩģңҪĻŵڶռңҲֻǲѡ
Ҷʹ֮̽ʱҲߵصʵҲ˵ִ󻰣ҵҪ˭˺˭죡
Ѿͷ첻µزµȻǿǰģȴֻصŮ˵ʲôв
ѾͷǷˣҲվһҪ֪ʲô죬ˣ
һֵϣ
ԣڶҺǰЦŽҶ׺Χ
Ҷ½Բѷôѵ㣡
һŮȳƳצֱӶץ˹
ˣЦһδֱӿ޻ڵĶŮ˹ȥ
飡
ͳ촫˿δŮȴǲĵ˳ѪڲѣɫЩ԰ס
ʵҲѵңǿЦϸֳһĨмЦ
ҵˣҿ
ŮһƻˣɫҲЩأ±ǻֵһϣҰˣ
ԣڶҺ󱲶ʱǰʼۣĿⲻƵĳ˹
λ²Ҫ̫֣ȻĻԿˣֻ˵ǻá
һĻҶͷһ̾ǰŮ󣬵Цſ˵


ʮ 
ҶҵǸҶװɣ
Ҷǰ˿е⣬ü֮䣬Ǳġ
һҲȢμǧΪޣӴˣʲôУҲѡ
ţǲǣ˵ԼԣҶףȴ̲סˡ
Ӵ˵ҶҵķּҵСɧû
¼Ц߳жȴСҶҵǱˡ
İɣҶۣͻȻЦ
Լδ棬ȴʶԼԣָʹǣתһ룬Ǳ֮˱Ǻ֮
һԼ˵©죬ߵַԴ翴ῴһۣĶ֣㻹ûʸ񡣡
׸磬Ƿϻˣˣѵѵǣǲ֪ʲôߵغġ
ͨ죬ۣ֮еŭ⣬޲ýµ͸˺롣
ŮӼҼҵģҪŮЩһб񹷡ҶЦ
˵˭񹷣
µҲɵӣȻܹҶָɣеŭ
һһҵҪЩǷˣжٽҶ׵һЦǰ죬ƽ
ˣ֮˽һӣǴһ˶Ըҵʮˣ˻˵֣ҶصʵԵЩдˡ
ͬһ㶣ЦĿ¶ɫĶȻǱͳȫ㣡
ݣݣ
£Ҷ˱ǶȻ˫ȭ֮ƣ䱳˹
ҶһȻת˫ȭͬʱӲصӷײ
飡
ӴɲǣҶȭͷ֮ӿֻǰһͣѪȻɫˢһ²԰ףӰҲֱӵɳȥǱĵ档
ţ
һĻ񲻽һ׺֮ͬˣʵȻֹô򵥡
ҵĵ
Ǳɵ˼ѵվȴɫ䣬ΪͻȻ֣ԼĵȻˣ
飬ӽԺ㲻ɫɲǼ
Բѷ³
Ҷɨһۣǲҵˣ˿ûˡ
ڱϾסּңҶʲô£ҪΪּҿǣĽɱˣ»ּҴ鷳
ȻԸҲ׵ķŹǣԱֱӷϵҲǳǡʲôζ
Ҷ׵ĻҵɫҲȴǰϾҶܷϵ˵ĵҲܷϵǵġ
㡭Ұǵĵ飿
ŭӿȴҲ׳֣Ȼû뵽Ҷ׾Ȼϰǣϵҵˡ
ãߵ
ҶҲûгùƱӸ̯٣תߡ
վס
ڴʱһЩϤͻȻ
Ҷ׽Ųһ٣תͷ֮ʱЩĵô̲סˣ
û뵽²㾹ȻѾﵽأٶȣҶЩĪ
һµԶҶףͷһĨɱ⣬ϰҵˣɲʲôǵѡ񡣡
ǻãߵ
òãֲܣǣҪͬĴۡԻ֮䣬Щɭζ
Ҷװжʹһ̽ȴǵòκεϢԣѾﵽصĵز
ҵˣʵЩְҶа
٣СһҪҪϷְ㣿ϷȻ״̬Ը̶ֳȵˣ׾ٵģҪķһЩҩˡͻȻ˵
˿̵ȫûһҪ֣ȡҶЩҩΪ
Ҷܹ֮е˼ȻҪҩٲȥ
ʱá
Ҷװҡҡͷ˵ЩʲôǲԶȴǴһϷŰЦ
ҵĹӣ󰡣֮˵鷳ʲô˼ддô
̧ͷȥֻһӢӴԶ󻹸ˣǰĻ£ǵݡҡ
һĻԵɫʱü޹ء
޹أҾǿôʢˡǱΪӢӺЦ
üͷ壬һֱǲͷҵʵҲֱ࣬ڣҲûзֳʲôǿ
֣һúõĽѵѵҶף˵ɵ٣ҲҪ䵤ϵΪߵٶȣѾв
ĳ֣ȴô±Ѱ


ʮ 
ģΪҺҺ󱲵ۣòٵĿⶼۼ
ҺּҲʲôöͷȻ˾֪飬ǵҪҵĺ󱲣ļǿһЩ
עӣӢɫȴЩѿʵֻ࣬ҵ˵ӮˣҲֲܱܣȴǶҶ׺ˣҪֲʲôô
Դ磬ǵĵˣһҪǱ𣡡
ĶҶĿܹɱˣ˿̵Ҷףǧٿס
ü£Ҫܣ
ҲΪãϰֳʲô£Ǳߣǲ˵ġ̯̯֣˵
Ǻá
ԶͷЦȻˣҽձСһΣҼס£ҪԿġ
д;
ǻʱϣȱϯûתͷҶ˵
Ҷ׵ĮƳһۣȴû
ӵӣּ֮ʱҶױһΣٶȼԵɫ䡣
ߡ
ҶһͻȻһЦתŲĵµ˻ȥ
״ЩΧ֮˰Ʋ죬ûʲôϷɿɢȥ
֮£лˡԵ˳ȥ֮Ҷ׷תȭ˵
û£Ϳһﲻ˳ˣڳгҲôĵʰ˰֣ӵЩѡ
㣬ԺҪСЩˣļնûбôöԸ
İɣ׸絽ʱһὫʰĺܲҵģǷݡ
ĻȴҶ׿ЦѾͷǶԼģѵ֪ԼԵ˺üô
λɽּҵǧ˰ɣùȻƯ
ҶգգۣСֵܣ޸ǳŶ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣¶һЦõӡ
лҪ죬ȸˡ
˱ȭҶ׻֮󣬱ҵԶȥ
׸磬һҲǱء˵ıӰЦ˵
ҶͷɲΪǿԣһ֣ȻܳΪԼɡ
ծѻ
Ҷа̾һ뿪˷С

ջ֮УҶϥǰһɫСת
ݣݣ
ͻȻ䣬С˳Ҷһ죬âǱУϸ֮£ȴöɢŨŨҩĻԲҩ
ö
öҩ
ҶֻһȴǲһЩҩƷ׵ĵʶţҲʲôϡ¡
٣СһʵҲʲô̫õĵҩʲôǻᣬϷȥѰҸ߼ҩҩƵģųƵǡҩҶ¶ϲɫΪмĵ
ǰû㱦ʲôģҶͻȻʵ
üëһϷҪ֪䵽ⲽأôҲҪԼײıҵʱ
˵Ȼֹ¶εɫ
ʱõɽΪƾܺɨһУϵ£ֱûܱġʱĿڵЩڣǵ⣬Ҳ³
ҶװЦһǳ׵ģҪϼһŪʲôӦûϷˡ
ᷭ10öҩֶУö֮⣬8ö鵤ˡ
շļ۸Ӧ15000ң鵤2000ˣҲ4
ҶͷƬ̣¶һĨϲ⣬ҩȻǱҩҪֵǮĶ࣬ЩҩһŻ2תһȴǷһࡣ
Ҷ׵Ҳԥ߳ջֱжȥ
ҹķеƻͨȰ컹ҪϾҹ޼ΪⱣʿǰ̽ۡ
ļ۸ӦøߣҶ׺ҪȥȻûʱţԣֱӰѵҩҩ棬۸ҲǺһת֮䣬46000ӵ֡
Щӻûȣ㱻ҶٶȻ˳ȥģ3ʮҩġ
һΣҪ֮⣬ҪһֽԪĵҩֵҩѸٵİʿָϣҲǷǳ֡
Ԫļ۸ҪȾ鵤ϲ٣8000ңҲȾ鵤ɣǮҩ£Ȼѡֵҩ㡣
ҲûҶʧ賿ʱ5ö3öԪҶǰ
Щҩԭܹ6öģϧǣһֻƳ1öҩǰ׷ˡ
ЩҲҶ˷쳣Щҩӽ10Ҷ˵һʾ޿
ڵķӦûˣ˵ɡ
Ҷ˷ܵĽЩҩջشָͷ˯
ҲԴɴľֵǳ٣ɱһͷ޵ģûʲôô飬


ʮ ӨӨ
ڶһ磬񺣱ǴּǰȥɹƷǱıܵҶ׷䣬ĿֻһȥС
ҶҲҪȥУǰ
ҩУӴ˵ĻչҶ׵ҩˣСΡҩУǴġС²ҵ
вҵڶ࣬ʽۺҪʵ֮ϰĴ廹Ҫǿ
˵ڲڶ࣬ȴЩ֮ԴᣬˣЩ仹Ǳһ־η̬ȡ
СֵܽǰеҩҪЦ
š
Ҷ΢΢ͷһƿ֡
5ö3öԪ
Ŷ
۾һͻԪ˵㲻ʲôĶںģⵤҩ֮ˡ
Ƭ̣ε鷳Сֵܵһ£Сļ۸ӦܶһЩ
Ҷ׿˷һۣ漴ЦǾ鷳ˡ
ȥ̴֮ǰһ˫۾ﲼԻ󣬴׸磬
ҶЦŵͷȻܽ˵⽻ġ
ѽ׸羹Ȼǵʦʱȵ˵
ʦǴ½һּΪְҵ̫ܹ࣬ҶΪʦģ֮١
ϰ˵Ҷĵʦۺ˵ʦҲֻÿһκʿ쳣ĴڣϾֻҩʦȴǿԽҩƳɵҩ
˵ҩҩͲһΣ֮ʵĲҩʿ˵󣬶ҩȴǷ
ҶҲףǷλȥеĴСνļ۸ԭֻǽڣƵҩ֮˵ݣ²ص㡣
֮䣬ҩеĺŴ߳һŮӡ
Ůֵ༫欵͸һ֮УЦȻ֮䣬ĿѣԵĸо
Ůһ֣ҩһĿ
СֵܣеĴС㣬ӨӨЦŶҶ׵
ӨӨĿ˸ĴҶƬ̣۾գһ£Ц֪Сֵγƺ
Ҷס
Ҷ΢΢̧ŮӵܺģΪһȻ
һԵ´ӨӨȻкԼԱȣĵһ
ҲһŮа
ӨӨƺҲܵĿ⣬һЦҶ׵Сܵܣⵤҩô
ǳ۰ɡҶ׳˳ǣȻƺЩ̫ð
ļ۸15000һöԪ8000ҡ
ӨӨ°ͣɣҸ17000Ԫ10000ԺƵĵҩĻõڼ۸ǲģô
ԡ
ҶֱӴӦﶼ۸ߣȻԥ
ȥƱ
ӨӨӹҶеĵҩݸΣ˵
һ115000Ҷ׽ӹƱ֮󣬱ֱӸȥ
˵ıӰӨӨˮ΢΢૵ĻЩҩӦöƵġ
Сô֪Ի
Ҹղ˵ԺƵĵҩûô
һЦҡͷϸڣûע⡣
ԺҩĻھ͸һڵĻͶһЩĵʦǷǳǱءӨӨ΢΢¶һĨĶǵЦݡ
ǡ
æӦǰЩԼˡ

ѾͷҪʲô
߳ҩ֮ҶЦһԵҲһЩƸʱĳ
ʲôҪգһ´۾Ц
ӡ
Ҷ׿Цҡҡͷ˵ҪʲôҲϹֻա
ڷתһȦҶ׽Ʊģ5ԼһЩҩ
ҶôҩǴãҲûԥҶܻ˿ջ
һ磬Ҷ׶û߳һ
ǻ飬ûҶףҲ˵ʦɻʱ򱻴š
״̬Ҳһʱ䣬ŽҶ׹ЩҩϣͨԲĵҩҶ΢죬Цݡ
9ö11öԪҪȥҲҪ20ɣ
20ϵİּҪóڽûпɴ£൱ļѣֲƸȫҶױϡͷ
εĵҩҶײ㽫ۣԼá
ҩ
ҩЧˡ
ֵ+300
ֵ+40
Ԫҩ
ҩЧָ
ֵ+150
ֵ+20
ֵҩԣҶйâ
Щҩ֮ҵʵǿͻˡ


ʮ 
Ҷףֵ397ػ603㣬ֻҪ㹻
Ҷ΢2ö̳֡
һȻѣΪӿɱ¼УϵҲֱӱ任397997
3㡭
Ҷ΢΢óһöһ֮ʵȽǴرأҶ293㾭ֵ
Ҫ2000㣿
ͻ֮ǾֵʧٶȸֶһΣȴ2932000
ﻹ6Ҷԥһһҧȫһ
飡
ϵĵͳ촫6Ҷ¶֮ȫѿΪɱ¼Ѹա
ٶȣҶЩۣ9ʮӣôĿʧôƽ
ͻƵĸоǲ
ʹҶӿֳһĨ˷ܣ6϶293㾭ֵٶͻƣΪصʿ
һӵʱ䣬ͻأٶȣֱЩţЩνҲˡ
ͻغ֮Ҷ׵սֵǱ130㣬ֱӱ385㣬ȫԺͨʮʿ
ֻİоҶǲ
ԣպ
Ҷ뿴ǳǻʱı顣
Сӣͻˣ
ͻȻ𣬵ܵҶ׵Ϣ֮ʱһ˫۾̵ɵùԲŵĵأôܣ
ҡҶ׵
ϷЩûõģ9öͻأǽ𣿾츳ˣҲˣЩ
Ŀɱ¼ϣѵ⹦аߵ飿
СӣʵңⶫǴģ
ĻҶ׻ҡͷͳĸǰΨһĶ
һҶɫЩԥƬ̣ջûпڡ
СһľǱô̹
Ҷ׽ͷЩڵŭѹ£Ʒת11öԪֶ
Ҫ40ֵǰûУڵǿˡ
ǻʽƷһ80սֵҶѾ㹻ĲֵȻҪ
öԪѾ㹻һˣҶڶһ֮󣬺ԥһЩϢԼԺ֮ͺҶױͻһ㣡
һϣҶԭ㽫ʣµ9öԪţƻȻ仯죬˿̵ɱ¼ϣǳ˵ڶϢ
ʽƷ
ڶɢ
ֵ80
սֵ+160
սֵǲֵǷһȻҪĲֵе࣬ҶҲǴܹһġ
160սֵҶ඼ֲֿĹȻΪʽ֮
ûκͣ٣Ҷٶȶһ160ֵֻһöԪá
ڶһ֮󣬵ϢҲ֮֡
ʽƷ

ֵ140
սֵ+260
ӵսֵȻǷȴȵڶ20㣡
Ⲣǵ20㣬ʩչڶʱҶ׵սֵ160㣬ʩչʱȴ260㣬˵ȵڶ20㣬ֻǶ20սֵ
ϧǣڶһڶ֮Ҷ׵Ĳֵֻʣ94㣬Զһ
˵Ҷ׵ʵ̶̵ļʱڣѾ˷츲صı仯
ͻأսֵ253418ֵ93ֵ94
ۻҶҪ쳤ХļȿУзǳӵɱ¼Լˣ˭Ҳ飡
뿴浽׶Щʲô̾
ԣҶ΢΢һЦĺô
ɱ¼ϵĶ¿̻һݣп׷ɱ̫˵ĸ˿ǾԼ
½ʿڶ࣬ҶȻ֪ûܺһܿɱ¼ϣȻԸðա
ڴʱͻȻţҶӦ֮󣬱˽
׸磬Ҫˣ㻹Ҫ𣿡С֣գŴ۾
ˡ
Ҷҡҡͷھ𣿡
ǵġ
Ǳ߰ɡ
ҶҲûʲôʰģֱӺ߳˷䡣
ջ棬ּѾ׼ϣҶ׳ǰڷҵСֹìܰɣ
ҶһЩԻô֪ģ˵ͷ
СӲʲôûɫƴ󣬲Ļȥ;Ӧû񺣵
ˡ
ҶϸֳһĨǸ⣬ʱΪּңԲŲͻ񺣵ĻпԼȻǰԵտˣϸߣ˵ĻӦòƾ޾ݡ
ʲôûǸ˼ֻҪһ£·ŵ㣬˳չһѾͷ񺣲õ
һġҶ׵˵ͷ
š
񺣵˵ͷһӣּ˶ʱװųȥ
ԣñȻĻûʲôùӳԡ
Ҷ˿һĨЦһͬųȥ


ʮ Ϯ
Ϧ£߷Щ̺졣
ɫּһҲѾнһ룬Ļ֮ǰӦܹϻɽ
Ȼ˵ȴûжɵɫ˭֪ɽϰ֮ξУڶ࣬ɱӵʱ
ּҵǲ£ǿͷȻﵽ˹ԪСɣҲС
ӿٶȡ
Ŀɨܴ֣üͷǰ·ʱ򣬾ῴûȴЩ̫ƽˡ
ţ
ͻȻ䣬ɫһ䣬һŨѪζĴǰƮ˹
ݣ
δ񺣿˵ǰļ֦ͻȻԴ˳ǵصĽֶּ¡

񺣴һӿһӣƬļ֦ʱ۳롣
ּҲѸ÷֮£ѸٽЩ֦ȫм˷ӦС
ּһʵǿҲ
һЦͻȻԴд˳£Դʻ֮״Ľּ֮˸Χ
Ȼˡ
ɫЩǰս˵̣δЩ̫˰ɣ
㣬Ỵ֮̈ɲҪûЦ
üͷһ壬ɢϢȻﵽ˹ԪСɣ⣬Ӧþǰˡ
в̾ùʲôʲô
ҲΪҺڣأ»Ƕģ2000ּ˽Ĺ·ѡ񺣴ǰͳ2ֵ1000Ʊ˵
ƽ500ȻͬЩһθڣûôС
2000ּҵЩ²ֹ2000ɣӿ˿֮УЩвζ
ǸҪ٣񺣳ʵ
10000
ӵһδ񺣿ڣĿⶸȻҶףЦСһ
ô˻ɫֱӳ10000Ҷףͬ⡣
Ҷ΢΢̧ӵУһĨ⡣
ЩΪĶǮƣԵ޹ʣԼ֣ԭ򣬺ָʹˡ
Ǹ쵰ҪͷһתҲ˴µΣСϱ㲼˺˪
ĪҪ̫ҪƴҲֲôַĳ棬
Ҫ
ЦȻˣǱĹҲһ𽻳ɣ
ݣ
£Ǵ֮УٶһӰüĿ㣬Լʮһ£һĨ裬ĿɭȻĶּ֮ˣâӿ
Ԫɣ
ɫһ䣬ֲЩһ˵ĲԭҲŹԪɵʿ
һֳּ׿񺣺ǹԪʿ˵ЩǹԪСɱֻּһʿǱּҶʮƴɱĻּҾҪء
ҵˣ
Ҷ۾һⱬǹԪɵĻ£ұ־
Ҷװɣ
ĿҶϣЦһΪжı£ϰңԭֻضѡ
׺֮ĶԹֻС£û뵽ҾΪ˴½Ԫɵʿ˳ЩǴȥҾ͵ųΪʸ֮İɣȻƲҲǿʼӿ
Щƽҽᣬ¸˲֪٣֪ǺйϵпܾҵֱЩˣưոݡ
ˣûܽ¸ȥˡ
ҵİӵһЦӶƣɱ
ݣݣݣݣ
ô˻ʱǰǵصֶּȥǰģҪϾɱ
֣
ɫ΢΢һ䣬˪ϣҲһĨδ䣬ӰǱгɨ£ʿֱĵ˳ȥ
Ѷּ֣ҲԥһҧǱӭսɱС
Сһ㡣
ҶĿɭһԵһ˵ͽƵֱӳУһ˹ȥ
С
ʿҶ׾ԼЦһצҶ˺Ѷ
飡
߽Ӵ޴ķ֮дɫһ䣬Ӱߵķһ㣬ֱӵ˳ȥ
ôô󣿡
ɫ䣬˫ĿӿϺȻղŵһֱӿؿڱۣǼѿ
ݣ
ͷҶױǱݵӰ֮УƺѪɫΪ۵âֱ£
꣡
ִ֮£ֻøֵֵȻǸֵ֮£ȴֱӶѳ룬ƵƲߣݺݵǰ

Ƶ͸ţҶһصʿǱ˺ѳ룡


ʮ ֮
һĻҵĹԪǿ񺣶ˣǰͫһػزټ㣬ɱһɣν൱ϡ٣УҶס
±ףֵܽСҸɵҹԪǿΪ象ִһָнǿɱҶס
ٺ٣ϣ
˳һģһֵܣֻܴǺڰϱ𣬰ΪףΪ±
飡
ѸٻǰּӰ±ӰҶǰ
Сӣ㣬ȴǺ׶ҶףֿĿͬˡ
ף
״̬۷
ʵȽףʮ
սֵ370

±
״̬۷
ʵȽףʮ
սֵ368

˵ϢһʱҶǰɱ¼֮Ժںϣͨױ̽ҶĵϢ
ĿǰˣҶɫƽûԷ֮
٣𣿡
ٴ֮ɫ֡
ݣ
ǳ±Ｋ٣ɫ䣬ԥ̽ƣϱץҶͷ­־Ǳɱ
乥Ҷ׽ŲһˣкƵɲǻӳѪɫӿֱ±ơ
±ޣƵϾǵͽҲǳ±ֿġ
ݣ
Ӱͬһʱ䣬ִһɫֱҶȴ
ҶҪ˻УҲضܵĹ
ɱһǧ˰ٵҶȻô
ƵȻת򣬺ݺݵڳ±ɫ֮ϣѪɫȻӿһɾҵ֮ԳֱӴݵ˳±ۡ
±ɫһ䣬ͺ֮֮߳ӿֳһĨѪɫһѪȥ
ͬʱӰˣνӴܵˣҶ׵ʵ¹
ߣ
Ҷô׵ȥٶȱɲ֮±ǰ޳ָȻצݺݵĳų±ͷ­ץȥ
±ɫ䣬ٶȣؿӵУԼ
Сӹ
ԭΪƾ±ʵ׾ٵĽҶ׸ʰˣҲʱ̹ע˵սⷢ
û뵽ǣķˣһ֮죬һ֣±ɱ
䣡
һɼ𱬵һϮҶһӰȻתץ±̻ƣ׶Ժ䣬ͬʱֳֵ϶±
ڳ׳ֵһ̣±һôҲû뵽Ҷ׾Ȼ֮ԼʹʮӲƴִ֮£ֵתǲҧֹעӲҶ׵ĺƵײһ
飡

иͬʱҶӰˣӰˣ±ұжϣ

ҵʹ±۽ұסѪʣɫ
쵰
ѣ±˭û뵽
㣡
׽Ųһ̤棬һӡȫͷɼŭ̶ȡ
ҵܵܣܣ
˫ȭ裬ǲһ˫Ż¶ȵȭͷ
±ѱˣֻףŭҲսֵ
ҶǷЦɱӿȻƵ޳ָ΢΢ʳָָͬʱ̽˫ȭ

˫ָ˫ȭҲɵӣ׽±ˣҶʵȻֹء
䣡
˫ȭ֮ϵӻ𱬣ܽͨƿµ¶ȼҶָݺݵײһ
飡
ײĵһʱ䣬ɫǲҰףһ˫ָͬ㱡ֽһ㣬״͸͸ȭͷ͸ġ࣡
һ˫۾ɵϴ󣬺Ѹٻֹͣ
쵹£һĨҳףΪνأɱʮصʵ
У簡
±Ŀųʬ壬벻ף벻ס
ˡҶٶȳֺƵָ±
±Ȼ̧ͷ˿̣ҶѾ˹ӶۣԽֵ
ǣ˵ұۺвһģ±ϰұۣ˿ұѷϣֵֵܵܵסҶ׺Ƶ
ϣ
Ǳɫ׵ڵأҶ׵ƣһ㣬ݺݵӡ˳±ǰ
ۣ
Ѫ±Ӱɶء
ݣ
Ӱٶ׷ݳ±˿ķӦʱ䣬ɭȣ±࣡


ʮ Ҳ͵
ɱҶ
Ƚף
ֵ521㡾أ5000㡿
սֵ418
ֵ94

Ҷۺ״̬
ʮأҶ428㾭ֵǳ
ҶײδǵϷʲôҩ֮ƷֻһƱԼǱɫԱҶ˴ָС
˵صս񺣵˶˭Ҳû뵽ʮأҶصУʮغ϶û߹
ңսܣǱ
СӣǺݶ
һӰԶԪС֮һ
һӣĿ࣬հ˫¶ǴϿһεѹ
ΪƴɱԽ䣬һɭɱ֮¶
ʺ㣺
״̬
ʵȽף
սֵ

ɱ¼Ϣ֣һ
ϾǹԪСɣҶ׸֮߳⡣
Ҷײںɱ¼ѾȷĸΪսֵʺûʲôУ¹ԪСҲ塣
˵ʵȻֹأԻ
ʺ㳤һᣬֱָҶף˵㵽ʲôΪ
ҶƽһЦԴƵ˵Բ֪ˣ

ʺƢûǰ𱬣ȴҲҶССԼǰҲҶ׵ǺεΪֱӳֹ٣¶ϢԼߡ
˿̣ѹסҶ׵ģҲֻдһˡ
ҵĹԪɣԼһ죬ͬǹԪСɵǿߣȻּסĻ»ͬʱҶ׳֣Բٷ׺ͳ±ǰĴ
ԪСɣҶȻ壬ȴҲҴ⣬Լ۷״̬սֵҲֻԷ൱ѣҪɱ±ͳǰף޿ܡ
ۼͷҶɫƽǳ֮ʱҶȻͬʱӰԺ֮ͬʱʳָָٶʩչ
ߣǴУΪӻ׺ͳ±ǰɵ𣿡
ʺЦһµĹ켣ԼٶתƶҶи
ɵҲô
Ҷ׺ȻЦı䷽ʽ˫ָͬʱ쿪ǻƣȻʺ
䣡
񱩵Ѫɫһɲǣȫ֮ӿٶȣ֪֮˶١
ţ
ʺͫһǿ񱩵ȻǸֻܵû뵽ȻԼ۷ʱͬЩԽ
ԭֻ̽ȴδ뵽ҶɱУҾ֮ȫֵ
С㹻ݣ
ʺҧгݣȻӵ˫ͬʱҶ׵ơ
飡
ƵĿ⣬ĽȻ෴Ӱ໥ײӰԭز󺺵ɶأ
ݣ
δȸʺأҶױѸٸϣڶɢٶʩչ͵Ѫɫɢû˿ļ٣Ҫʺζ
ӹ
ʺ¶һνֱ˳ԱΪ˫ٶĳ˷ȫ
飡
ƵܣһΣͬʱ˳֮ԶǸʺ㵹δ֮ǰǰǱ
Ҷ΢΢̾ϢԷϾǹԪСɣԼûѹԵƣֻܳ䲻⣬ڣʺ㷴Ӧû˻ɱĻᡣ
ϸʺӵĳҶ΢΢һЦһͽлл衣
ڸʺŭĿУҶֱӽƵ£סͨɫĳͬʱ˵һøʺѪĻָлԡ
³ͽ
սֵ+45
ȺƵ20սֵҶ׶û뵽ģͬΪͽ³ǵͽеٮٮˡ
ӵĶҿûˣ
ʺ˫Ŀ³ΪΪ˲ٵսǷҶ׳䲻⣬ҲὫӵ񱻺߸˹ȥ
ϻ˵ǽˣҪҵô
ҶɱһҾܲȡҵ㱾ˣ
أȴӵйԪСɵʵ㲻պѰ
ʺɫΪҶ׶ԼΪҵָΪҶԺıգ뽫Ҷɱ
ûպ󡣡
Ҷ׵Ҳͱ
ʵҲȷˣҶϢּңЩΣװγպ󣬻ΪԼּҴѡ
ԣˡ


ʮ ͻ
ǳţ»ǽձҿôʺЦǶ³ҶҲӵŹԪСɵʵȻΪҶлɱԼ
У㻹㲻ϻ
Ҷ׵һЦ֮УǼ벻м֮⡣
һ˵ĿڶԷʵԼ

˼ûԥԷ֡
Ҷֳ³սֵӣΣÿһζѪɫâʺ㡣
ʺʧȥ³óһѺɫĵȻҲǵͽȻ³ƷҪ͵öࡣ
飡
ǸʺҲҶ׵âײ֮ڶ
˿̵ˣӲƴûʲô뼼ɿԣʵ൱˭Ҳܽ˭ɱȴֲݡ
ʺҶԺĳɳҶףǺ¸ʺԺı
գһҪ
֮ս˰Ȼ񺣵ҲδͣЪ
ΪҶ׽׺ͳ±ת˲ɱסһλԪСɵǿߣּʿЩƴҲҪ϶Էͷ
˵ּҪ࣬˿̣ȴЩֲּҪĴ򷨸嵽ּ˱ΧƴǿɲὫԼôֵǮ
׸磬㣡
Ȼ䣬ͬʱһɫԶӿâʺ㡣
Сĵ㡣Ҷ΢΢ͷҲأȻҶ׵ʵҪ͵öּ࣬ҵĸߵԺͨһƴ
ȻڸʺУʵʲô㣬ȴһЩɧŵãʱɧţ
ѾͷǸҹСӵĵۣ
ʺгһӣ׽ǽâ顣
䣡
Ȼڴ˿̣һѪɫâȻҶץסᣬѸٳ֣
飡
ʺҧҧӿʯ֮䵲סҶ׵Ĺ˲ִٵĳ֣˵ܹסȴ࣬ȥᱻĺ
ݣ
Ҷƺͨٶͬʱ֣Ǹʺһ֮ܵס˹۹⼱˸ҧҧȫԸֵҶ׵Ĺ
ܽԼˣҶףȴܽԼɱ
飡
ѪɫֵĹǱӲǵֵֵԼɼһ˿˿Ѫָ쵱
˶ҰСץҪģս󣬶Ҫܣʺͷԣ
ͱּҪ࣬˿̷ֳһЩҲ޴󰭣ӰӶץ˹
䣡
ڴ˿̣һӰͻȻгٶȼ죬ɲ֮Щ֮ǰ˫ֻ裬ֱӽ˻ɱ
һĻ˶ͫ׽λصɱʵȻڹԪɣ
˭
üͷ𣬿Է
һ£ɴڵֻ¶һ˫۾Ϳģ
û˵תЩУɱķһ֮УǱ乥ɱ
ս˲˼ת䣬Ϊ˵ļ룬̵ּߣڣȫһա
û֣ͣǽĿԼԪСɵϣգ˸ʺ㡣
Ŀ⿴ʺһɫҵϰֱ㵽˭
죡
һʺĿɱ
ҶЦȻҵˣǸʺ㵨С˵©죬вǰ֮ˡ
ݣ
ûκεԥԼٶȳŸʺ˹
ס֣
ԣʺ㲻Ǵ˶֣ҲȻ뿴Ÿʺ㱻ɱĻԼһԪСɶ֮Σ
Ȼ赲ȴ㣬ôֵܸĻᣬһʱ֮䣬ֻм֮
䣡
âǸʺ˺ѡ
ʺɫһ䣬תӵֵ
ô֮ҶһӰǰ壬³̶ֱȥ
ͬʱҲǻӽֱʺ㡣
滷УŸʺܣûôΣ˿̣ӶӲˣȫǺ
飡
âââȻ飬ʺӰҲǲɶȥ
һƴ֮£ߵǺˣҲǹԪɣпǹԪԲ

;Уɫâʺؿ类ѣȴ˿иȫǽâס
ͣ
ȻâֵΣȥʺһֱ֪Ҷ׶Ȼӱ󹥻ȴôҲ벻֮졣
³Ըʺ㱳䴩͸ʺѪҺŵ⣬䡣
ԪСɣʺ㣬


ʮһ ֲʵ
Ǻ˵ĺȻ֣Ҷ׾Բܽʺ֮ɱɱ
Сӣ
ڿ˵ˣɤɳƣǹΪ֮ʣµһӦÿԽ
л֮Ҷױȭ˵
á
һӣһҶף߽סǿһۣ㽫
ҶףǷһ顣Ҷ
ٺ٣ȵľ仰
û˿֮ӰС֣ʧ
Ҷûԥڴȥ֮ٶȼսţּҹԪСһͬƬ֮󣬱ǽһԪСɵնɱ
ԪСɵʿҶ׵ľֱֵͻ1000ﵽ1580
ƽÿԪСɸľ飬500࣬ʮ300㣬ɼԪ֮䣬űʵĲ
˿̣ȫֻʣ象

񺣳ĴЦ˵ңҲֻʮλִ£սһλ֪һ᲻ۣ
ʺǶǷΪҲ˵ɱɱģ۾ͬʱ۲ܣѾȥ׼
˿̴ȥƾԼʵɱҶס
߲ˣ
ɫͻȻüָָܣһ߾ߵּ֮ʬ壬ּȻûƴ󣬵Ҳܰ䲻֪ûʸΪᣬݽ棬ˣԺҪ㣡
ߣס𣿡Ц
˵߲ˣ߲ˡҶ࣬
ͬʱּһԪСǿɽҲӵҲ࣬γһɰΧ֮ơ
ĿҶϣС飬ǲѣһ˰ô̵ʱ䣬ӵ˺͹ԪСɶԿʵǣ˵Ҳɱ֮ȡΪźá
Ҷüһֱɻ󣬽ΪԷһڽϵִѣұ˴۵ȡ
Ǹָʹİɣĵ
ʵҲҶв²һ㣬ȷûнӴദ˼ô
Ϊٷˣȴûʸָʹҡ
豸˴𰸣ҶףҪֻ֣ܹ̫е츳㲻ʲôʲô˶Եġ
ԣҶüû
䣡
񺣺Ȼȥּ˲ô
֣Ҷ׺ɽҲûԥ³һѽɫǹͬʱ̳ɱ象
ߣΪ𣿡
ûҪսӣˡ
ǹԪɣٶȼ죬ҪܣҲֻ׷ϡ
һˣͲܽ¡
ȻҲ֪ٶȱ۷壬׷ȥ
񺣣б׷豲ĴЦԶգۼ䣬Ӱǳ˰֮⡣
׷ϰǲ̫Զһ豽ϰǣƱתΪơ
ڻ᲻ʲôνеĻ˿ˡ
ǰ֡ҶӰδȥ˵
СӣĵǸ߰ô˵鷳ô
ϵĵ𣬻δ䣬Բ֮ڵȻ

˵֮쳹ּ˽𾪵̧ͷУֻϿհڵĿռȻһֻȫɵľ޴ƺȻ֣գԲ˼ٶȣ豸ǹȥ
ţ
ȻҲǸֿܵµĲͷһʱɫ䡣
Ƽ˲һ㣬ƶ켣ڳ֮󣬱ǳ豺ݺݵѹȥ

豷ҽУת۷壬ǻûݶľ޴ѹȸУë
䣡
ƺ£豻ڵһֱа׵ľ޴ӣ
ԶԶĿţ𾪣ʧ̳֮ǰȥȴǸҲ豵ʬ壬һ֮£Ȼ޴棡
˭
һȻתͷ˵ʵʵֲ̫󲻵⵽ʲôܷ
һ֮ڣ˰񺣾ԲԼ̫ÿˡ
ֻôҲ⹥֮ˣˣӵд˵ʵǲԼ֪Լûа취ҵ
ּ񺣣лǰ񺣿ܣȭģȻһĬ


ʮ ΪҪô
ԶҶЩЦ
ٺ٣ҪҪȥݾߵأٺЦ
Ҷװһʵɡ
ʵҲֻô˵˵Ϊϲ
Ҷ׶񺣵ľأȻܿĳȥǰ˵ǳ顣
ˡ
Ҷ׺Ȼǰʵǿֲ֮ǰ˵ǳֵĻķһЩҩô
֮Ҷױ鿴һԼĴʲôû٣һ
Ͼǰ˵ҪֵĻԽߣķҶ׵ҩԽ࣬ǰµʵҶ׿ܽԼеҩȫķѵˡ
뿪ϰ֮ǰҶǹһЩҩЩǮƣǸġ
ôܣ
ɻоһӴעҵ꣬Բ֣ܳǲķҩĻôǵȰ
Ҷ΢΢üٴβ鿴һ´ЩҩǾĵİû˿١
ģҶԺлɱ¼һ֮£ʱҪȥ
ɱҶ
Ƚף
ֵ1580
սֵ438³ӣ
ֵ4

дţֵ4㡭
ֵʱҶ˵һһɾҵĳ鴤иͷ
ڳ鴤ڳ鴤
ʱ˿̣ףʲô֧һӴĳˡ
90ֵ90㰡
СһôˣƺҶɫĲԾ̲֪ʵ
ǰŵĹ¿ɱǼһ˰ɡҶ׺Ȼʵ
Ȼ
Ȼ˵ǵʵϷ򷽲ŷǹ֮һɱ
ΪҪôҶ׺Ȼҧгݵĺ
֮һΪԼʡ60ֵ൱ڰװ˷ˣ
˿ҲǷӦ֪ķѵҶ׵ĲֵȴҲ֪϶ķҶһЩҪĶĻǹƽ޹ʵĳ֡
ȻҲףԼ˵©죬ʵĿԡõҶ˷һЩġ
ȿȡ
ЦʲôⲻǶûг֣һʱ֮䵲ס

ʲô

СҪʲô
ɱϲģ
𣺡

90ֵҶ˵ǳԸ𽫴еЩҩľҲԸòֵ
СӣϷֲǰװĶǽǸһĻΪԼѡ
˷࣡Ҷҧø졣
˺ˡ
ôˣôƵĽƽϡ㶫ʲôԺϷȥҸ߼ҩƸ߼ĵҩ֮׬⣬˰ɣ
СҶֱӵͷ
𣺡
ôһͣûôģѵǴ˵еġҪ
ʵҶҲֻ˵˵ŭڣ˵ԼһأֵԺ󲻻٣˭Ҳܵ
˵֮䣬ѾԶ˹Ҷæǰȥ֪ʵ壬𣿡
š
˿Цĺܲңʣǲ֪λǿڰаǡ
֮ǰĺҵġ
Ҷ죬֪ǿߣ᲻Ҳҵġ
ᡣ
񺣶Ȼ˵һȣд˵ǿߣȻҲ֪ǰʲôΪҿӵСڶд˵ǿߣҲԵ޹ʵǡ
ʵϣǺˣҲԵ޹ʵİּңҪ˵ҲڰҶס
ĻرҶ׵һ顣
Ѿ֪ЩʲôҶа
ҵжԣ֪飬ҶһҲһԭ
˼Ҷ׵壬ôˣȻɽɣﲻǾ֮ء
š
񺣵ͷʱ˿̣ȫûһ˴Ҳʧȥ˰ѱǱ֮ѶּҾд֡
ףպҪСˡĿҶһۣգҶ׵ʵǳ׵׵ı¶˳أսԪСɣǱ֪ȻƾɳȥҲҶԸķҩҲҪֵԭ
šҶ׵ͷֺγ֪
ּˣԱ˻ȥֻһʬ塣
ЩϵĲȫּѹΣܹЩȥ˵ļõĲ


ʮ ż
һ·صɽûܵʲô
֮ǰǸʺǴ˵ǿˣǽ˵صȫޣȴּһɱպܳһʱ䣬û
˷ǰϰǣջķᣬĴҲСǾʮּ
񺣾Ϊ
һ£Ҷķּ֣֮˿Լʱ򣬶˳޵ĹâǶ棬Ӳ˵ЩԼ֮ˣʵΪҶ׶
ҶײּңͲᷢ£ǵɷǵĸףͲ
һٽѹ£˶ӣнҶ׸ϳּ֮ĻﴫߣԴǹǡ
ҶףּңɽĴȥˡ
׸磬Ǻ˵˵ЩԶ㲻ǳҲˡŮҶ׶Էʱ˵һ䰲οĻ
ҶܻشģֻпЦ
֮ǲǰɣǽּպʵıϡ
ʱƣɣּ£Ҳ𽥽Ǳɢܶ϶Цݡ
ΪǴ̫ḻˡ
ǳ¼ռݿĴ󲿷ֻּ֣кٵһ㣬ңǻڳ¼ҿ֮󣬸ּģƷʺõ󼸺ûС
ּҳ׽ռݣ̷ĲǺ֮࣬ʱ䣬5һİˣǽһʷǳ޴ĲƸ
ּ˸ˣҶеҲɢࡣ
׸磬ǵҸġ䱻򿪣ӰԼһ㣬˳˽
ŮеƱҶգգۣЦ͸Ұûȥɣ˵òţּôˣÿҲҪǮ͵ϰǸǮˡ
ǡ
Դ룺û취ЩҸģû͸ϿŰɣ
ѡסȥˣֱӽгɡ硯ϲӿֳһĨ糺졣
ҶҲ㶣漴ЦݸŨȻ֪磬ҪĻϿûȥȻƨŶ
УŲôء
ƱҶǰı˳ȥǿɰӣҶײ¶Ц
Ƭ̣Ҷ׸ҪƱ׼ȥ񺣣ȴǾڴʱһӰȻ˽

ּҺ󱲣£һޡ
𣿡
ɫҶײ⣬Ϊɱּ˵Уֳĸס
ֳֺȵ
Ҷһʲô
Ʊ
ֳߵҶףҶұɱ峤ûһģּôǮǺҸףּôˣּҵĶǲ֪߳ܣҪ˼㣡峤ӻ㣬ǿߣҲּ֪ҵʲôĿģȷһǣһǣȰּңе֪֮ȻĻּһϳȥ죬ɾҪˣ
һͨҶ׵ɫֱ䣬գ̾Ĭ
ɣ
ֳǰһѽҶеƱЦҶףҪ֪ҪҶұɱͬ㣬²Ҫ̫֣ΪԼˣ˾Ҫһ㣬Ҫּ֪ңҶңߣ
£ֳһĭתȥ
Ҷ׿ŵ棬һԡ
飡
ڴ˿̣һͻȻţֳǸոȥӰֱӴ˽
ͻıʣҲҶ˹̧ͷֻŮ˫ŭĴ˽
ֳҿǺӹĶˣǲǣץסֳ·ŭĵ
ϡ㡣
ֳͬ꣬ȴСϼ£һֱƺ㡯
ֳԲҲǲǣҶף͹˼ôࡣ
ҷźȻһûи׸˵û뵽Сһֱڸˣ˫üΪֳǰʱոձɱһ˹ȥ
֮ǰֳ˫Ŀ˸¶ʲôģҧ㣬Щ飬һֱڲò˵ңּҵĴ󲿷˶뷨һ޲뿪ּңֻּҴѣ
죡
ȵֳ֪ʧȥףԹޣԭ򣬲׸磡


ʮ ּ
Ϊ
ƽԼõ˿ΪҶףʲô˵ӣвһɼʸУԴǸӼ
ΪǻΪ˭㣬ΪҵʱûֳͲ֪׷ʲô飬ʱǰֻҪһȻһʲôɾΪ˱ּҲŻôˣҸף
ǸʲôּƾʲôҪôȥԼ峤Ѿƴ˼ΣգǱ֪ǽͷȴȴûģϢּңȻȥôǿУѵ֪ʲô𣿣
ˣ
ü𣬽ȵֳ㱾Բķϣ㡣ҪףҲ׸ģ׸ġּȻûƴ󣬿Ҳ˵ɱɱģĻδ棿
Ϊν棬ҪҸ׵ƾʲôֳѹֵĳŭ𳹵ױǺ
Сӣô
ˡ
ҪŭҶȴ̾Ϣһ˵ĶԣһжΪңΪ˱ңּҲôˡ
ߣҶףҵţֳ֣Ҷһۣȥ
ˣ
ֱţСЩࣺСƽɵĺܣôô
ǱϾף飬̯˭ҲʧȥǵġҶƽ
ּҶоֳ֮˵ٹ֣Ҳʲôǵľٶ
׸磬ģһ˵һ´µġʱȥǵƽϢӦҲúһµġο
Ҷ׵ͷʵ˼ѻ⡣
Ŀ࣬˭֪
ԭҶףοһµģҶȴǰ֣ʲô˵
СӣּȻ㲻ҲǾ֮ذǲϵԺ
Ҷ죬ȷѿãһ㣬ȻɽҪѰԼּܻܿҴ֡
ɽҶ״Сʮʱĵط̫̫Ļ䡣
ߣ飬ߡ

ʱͻȻ
Ҷ
Ŵ򿪣һɫ˽
ɫԸӣԭȵҶ׷ǳĿߣԴᴿһ֮󣬱Ǹı˶Ҷ׵Ŀ
ǿߣȻڵҶײǿߣһµʱ䣬ܽͻأպ󶨵ݺ½
ⲻԶǶһԼǿ˵ĳݣ˵Ľ
ס
ԥһڵ峤Ȼٿᣬȥ
᣿
ҶüëһּᣬһҶ֮ʸμӣȴԼȥĶȻԼ
֪ˡҶƽ
ƿҶЩįӰŶƺҪ˵Щʲôȴʲôû˵ҡͷȥ
ǻ㲻Ӳ
ȥ֮ҶվһּҴȥ
ּΪɽ壬Ͼɽ򣬼ռûжӵʱ䣬Ҷױ˴
˿̣ѾվˣҲ飬ͷּҵˣ¶ˡ
ˡ
ߣô˵һҲּҵˣǺôӣ
ԽԽԼôˣ֪ô
ļεĴҶ׶УҶͬûȺ߹˴С
ߣּҳϣͤͤվ󣬼Ҷ׽յĲɵٴν˽
Ȼ֣Ҷ׾˵ݡ
Ҷף壬ּλϡҶ΢΢
ţɡָָһӡ
ˡ
Ҷ̧ͷ񺣣ּᣬױûʸμӣǰҪ֪ͨף
֪ͨ
΢΢һЦ֣õ̫ǡˡ
СһǲµЩʲôа
Ҫ֪ͨ㣬Ͽּң
ڴ˿̣һͻȻֳ
ҶһϾ仹Сô˵棬ϣ˭ƽ
һ˲䣬ָƽ
Ҳһ˲һȴһֱעҶ׵׽ˡ
һɲһʹĸоͻȻӿͷ
Сܾۼ񣬼ֱ¾ֻһˣȴϢڱ˼Ҫϣеʹ࣬˭õ


ʮ һ
ҶûȥֳҲûпּˣĿһֱϡ
ҲҶ׶ӣ峺Ŀ⣬озǳܡ
ּ峤˵һǧּұϾһ壬˵ʲôʲô˵ĸܡ
Ǵ˷ּҸʮ˵ȷΪ˱ҶףΪ峤ܰ˲
峤
һλͻȻվ񺣱ȭ֮˴ڶ࣬ϷΪҶ׵ȷټּˡҲ˵֮£Ժҷּҽ䣬ǻǨŭּңʱھˡ
Ϊ糤˵Ĳ
һλվֳһۣҶҳ˴£ȷңҶܹ츳ǿӦȥһ˵Ϊּܹңʼղ̫׵
ˣ
̲סˣϻ˵׸𣿺α˵ôûʣǰôûз֣ǾȻôС£ô飬˴󶯸ɸ꣬׸ûֻƸ˭
Ҷûܷ飿ڴߺȵ
ԣΪҶǣŻȥôˣ
ߣԼѣǣǣǡ
ұ죡
񺣺Ȼ̧ͷԵķ֣Ǿ仰˵ʱҶݺݵĲһ£Уʹ
ӿڳ˵ʲô˵ʲôԼûü
峤ղΰҶףǶưոݡ
ֳͨ죬˳ȥϰǵʱ˵һҴһЩóԵģȴһȥأһУΪֻôûоǿǲһʧȥˣƾʲôҪرԴ
飡
һǰ̴ľӣվŭֳҲˣ˵ܲеִ磿
峤ûзִˣһŮߵֳߣỨѵ˵ģд𣿡
ȭͷ߬߬ȴ̾Ϣһԭλ
峤˵˰ɣҲҶײߣǾ뿪ּң
ԣ뿪ּң
ּҴô꣬汲УȻûһСҪܹƽ⣡
һ߹һҶȴǷûվԭأһԲ
Ҷ״ܳ·㣬ּʱҲûжٸлĻﰡ
С࣬ĵӵʱ򣬸ǻϲأ˸߲ҡǣԼˣһҪЦЦЦЦ
ߣҶܴܳ·㣬Ϊʵ
ŵʲôƨ
ױˣ˶˵棬ߵֳߣݺݵĸһ⡣
׸ûдܳ·㣬񱻷ϵģȻǵСֺվ׸վˡǵõϺüǮƣл˵˲֪߳ܵĻǵģĪǱ˲ɣ
㡭ңֳӣһ֮󣬲ĵ
Ҵôˣ
ҧø죺գұúõĽѵѵ㣡
ˣ
һͻȻһֱûпڵҶס
ת߳ƽǱӰʧ˶С
ԳּҶܿȥ
ǳǻұ룬ԣǻ֮ұȥǲܣҼձߡ
ٽϦ£ݵıӰ˿ǰį
ּҳ˶ǺȻԼ˿ϵģֻһӰ

֮ɽ
ɽһƬɽۣƽɽͷҪࡣ
ޱɽɽҪö࣬ΪҪȺɽ޸࣬ҩʱɼ
ΪɽѾܹҶ
ɽɽЩңԶҪ·̡
ּݲҶףҶѡɽһҪԭ
֮ĵڶ죬Ҷױûȥ鷳Ӧ񺣻ǿҶ״ǻˡ
ǻᣬμӡ
һҶԼߣݲСԵյϵ棬Լ䳰ȷҪϰǵ棬Ժڡ
ڶڳǻᵱȡǰܻ÷ӵʸ񣬴ϰǣμȸʸ
ȸǵĴѧԺÿʮЩСѡȡѧԺȻΪ̣Ҳûпԡ
һĴѧԺеκһѧԺ÷ԴҶԼѰңҪ׵Ķࡣ


ʮ ɱ
ĴѧԺ֮ϣһѧԺΪʥԺͷĵط
ݴʥԺ֮ʵ֮ۺ񣬵ֲ֪֮
ǰɽһţȸǵʥԺ糾۹ʥԺ½ʥԺ
ⲻյ㡣
½ʥԺȻֻǷԺ
Сɽ˵Ҳ˵½˵糾۹ҲǸ߸ϣһĴˡܽеˣΪš
ܽʥԺģ꣬ǧֻһˡ
ϧǣʥԺȥУҲûмĿ꣬ʥԺԺ
ʥԺҲѡѧԱңĴѧԺһĴѧԺĿĵأҲͽɽֳˣСĵطǱ㲻ᡣ
ʥԺѱ½ÿһ汻ѡУڵߣҲܰҳ
ͬʱʥԺѡʱ䲻Ǿ֮󣬾Ҳûɽ
ɽ˵ʥԺ߲ʣ˵ĵȷȷĿֲ֮ǼûУһһʥԺѡѧԱּʣʵ̫Ʈˡ
ҶҲûлʥԺٶȣҲҡ

飡
Ѫɫâǰһͷʮص롣
ϣ޵Ҷײ˲ϵĺˮٶѰޡ
ѭʱѸţҹ١
ǰһɽϿٳһɽҶ߽Уϥ
ûлعּңҪ飬ߵȷҪȥ
ļҡ
ɱҶ
Ƚף
ֵ3582㡾أ5000㡿
սֵ459
ֵ7

鿴һԼ״̬Ҷл⡣
ɱ͵Ƚޣֵӻԣѡصޡ
һĲֵӵľЩ
ɱʮԼȽ׵ĵ˱1ֵҶʵȫɱޣֵٶȿ϶һЩֵȴӵĺǻ
Ҷ˵ֵΪҪֻΪˣֵܸĻãͬʱսֵŻѸӡ
ҹзǵ㣬Բ̽ͷâأǲ԰׵ɫҶ˼ǧ
ϵ޻òб࣬һЩΪǿޣҹʱû
ҶײҹжΪĵһϣһͷйԪΪޣܵļʱҲˣ
ʵԺ͹Ԫɿ⡣
ǰǽջʲôҩҶ״Ӵó3ݣ8ڵ
һâҶڷɳһߣͷ׷ɷǣ
ֻҹŸҳ
ǰһİŪǰݡڵ֮ϣӿֳһĨʹ
ⲻĺӣûм棬Ҷϵ飬һ
С屻ɱͬ˳ʮܴ꣬ܳ˵ѹ
ԼôʱȻ츳ҲϼѣȴķǳݣӴļ屣ԼÿγУдӰ棬
ҲΪˣԸ
ֱ߱һһء
зӡ˶꣬еĸ鼸ĥ˿̣ǰӣԼСĶĺȻûɵһɬ
װڡ
ţ
Ҷ̧ͷ֪룬ԵĵôˣѵЩݺڵƵҩ𣿡
ǵǡ
ҡҡͷǳǻұȥ紳һ֪ܶطи߽ôȥˣЩҲӦѾû˲ժǶġ
𣿡
Ҷ˫¶һĨ˷ܣǾ̫ˡ
һֱΪû˿еڻҲʲôòֻҪ𻹻ţǾǱء
Ҷ˷ܵı飬ͷ̾ԼʱҲһðΣգѰô
Щ֮ĵ֪֮ɱɡ

ǽɫĵ¯֣һӣҶǰ8ڵԼݶʱƯ𣬽뵤¯С
˿˿߷뵤¯ǵ¯ʱ˸ɫâʱ˸߲֮⣬ҹ
Ƭ̣ǵ¯ƽд򿪣һŵҩҶһץС
ûȥҩԣһ˫Ķŵ¯
Ȼڿʲô
Ҷһһţ
㻹Ҫţ
۾һɣˣһšƷҪࡣ


ʮ 
µƷҩ
ҩЧˡ
ֵ+40
ֵ+4
ӣһֻɶһֵֵһ֡

𷽲öҩԡ
ҶЩȣֻƷҩҩЧȴǽӽƷҩеļƷ
ҪµȴҪڵ⼸Ʒݼɣµ㡣
ǰǰΪβֵҩأҶɻĵ
ٺһЦСӣҪ֪ʲôҩҪʲôϵġǰõЩڵءʮصģ
Ҷ׻Ȼ
ٺ٣Ϸ˵ʵţ
Ȼ½Ϸʵ֪ŵڼǰͰ͵ЦɣȻûʲôöգҲǳˡ
ҶһЦ˷ȴװɵӣɵ÷˷ۡ
ԥĽҩ£Ȼǻȡ˾ֵȻ㾭飬Ȳɱһͷ޵ľ飬СҲ⣬ʤޡ
ⵤҩϡƽûʲôĺôպ󣬵һЩƷݣϷ쵤ҩ
ţҶصĵ˵ͷ
ͬʱҶҲ˹滮ҪȡһЩֵԳ֣ķݣȴҪֵ
󣬽90ֵܽһԪǿĨɱ9009000㣬ֻ
Ȼˣ뷨ڵ˵ֻ
9009000ֵ֪Ҫ೤ʱ䣬֪Ҫٵĺöܹȡء

ֻɱޡٻɱޡĹ̵Уһȥ
תۼ䣬ǰ¡
ǳǻᣬֻ಻ʮˡ
䣡
ҹĳ˹ٵɽУȻɢͬʲôУϳϥӰͷ¡
ҶŬЩⶫľֵȻ࣬ȴ˷ѡ
꣡
ĳһ̣ĳĤƣҶ˫ȻһĨâһ
ء
ӿȵǲֿ
̫ˡ̫ˣ
ԼʵģοǸˡ
˰µʱ䣬ֻͻƵأ㣬ȴֱӴͻƵ˾أٶȣʵǡ
ҶԭΪҪ˵ֲ̫ˡȴû뵽˵ǣ̫ˣ
ܳⶼʵ
֮ǰҶױͻƵ˰أʱ䣬ɽ޶ɱˣֻҪЩޱһܡ
ɽ󣬵ޣҲ͹ԪԲҶͻصʱ򣬱ӵ525սֵɱͬȽ׵ˣսֵ+1ĨɱԪɣ˿̣ٶͻƵأϻɱӵսֵѾ600
ɱ¼ȷԪԲǿߣսֵΪ580Ҳ˵ҶףѾԺ͹ԪԲԿٲȻΪɽİ
ɱҶ
Ƚף
ֵ135㡾ʮأ15ǧ㡿
սֵ600
ֵ12
Ҷȫʤ״̬սֵǿ
ȻսֵۺսֵԪԲǿߣսֵ580ټƷӵսֵȻҶ׵͡
ܹսʤԪԲȴ˵ɻɱԪɡ
˿豼˿塣
˿ѾͻƾأҲȥ޵ĻˡҶ
ȻҪȥǰ챻Ǽһ׷ɽܣʵǶˣһҪɫ
ңأаʱ죬ȥ󡣡
Ҷ׵ͷǰգżޣ׷˴ɽǺ޵ȥǼһ¶Ҷ׸쵽ּȥ
ļ㣬Ҷ׺Ϊ߲ûжĳް
ԣҪȥһΪҲҪȥ

ɽڡһɽˣһɿǿϢܣԲûκһͷ޳û
ɽ֮ǰһѰ׹ǣմȾŵѪ⣬ԼѪζƯǸʳ֮á
׹Աߣһ꾧ӨɫֲϹŹʵɢǼ죬ҡҡ׹
ɽУһ˫ɢɫâʱ˸Ķ
ĳһ̣ŹʵȻɢһâȥ
ݣ
Ҳڴ˿̣¶Ӱһͷ峤ӽ׵ľ޴ޡ
ûκԥֱǵϵȥ
󣬸ҹȥ
ͻȻһ̣һѪɫƣſݺݵĳͷ­


ʮ 
䣡
ƻâѪɫһɾ˵ɱбֱͷ­ȥ
ɱҶɢɢ
кôҲлôҶܹԵĸоɱ֮£ֵƻᱻѹȥױᡣ
ۼâϮһŨҵɱͷԥԲ˼ĽǶתǰ廯Ϊˡ
飡
Ҳ˵һ˲䣬âֱ˵ϣֻƴСȴ֮ͷ­ֱӷ顣
ʱ˿̣޲ŷӦһֱڶûзѰڴˣңǸǰգԼ׷ɱ˰ɽ࣡
ɽߣû޸ǣ۲ȴҲҴ⡣
ȻŭҲ𾪡
ޱϾǹԪԲޣѾǣܹԵĸоǰʵ֮ǰȫһǷ츲صĲ𣬽ӷһιԿ
ҶһֱޣǰƻӶҪ
Ȼһֱڵȴĳ죬Ҷ׵óѣҲ˼ͺһֱӳҶ׳˹

뼫ٶҲǼ죬˹ԪԲΪҴ⣬ڶʩչ
ˣȻһɫâǷһ㣬ٶȲͣӭҶ׵Ĺֱϡ
ԼͻƣֻҪͻƲˣȴҲԴﵽ۷壬Щʵ
󣡡
ӡûݺݵĻ޵ĺâ֮ϣͬʱ³УҶ׺ԥ£޽ˡ
𣡡
ޱâУ޴ʱһһâֱӱ飬䱳ҲЩ˺۳֡
Ͼޣ弫ǿбðűΣգҲҪȥ̵
ȻҶóѣ³Ѿ£ƣۣȻ˼ֻȥȻᱻ³УƷҲ֮ԲӲƴ
𣡣
޷ŭ֮ػһܸ࣬ľôȥ䲻ٳȴҲһοʼ
ޱϾޣûҲûǾ޴צȴⲿ뻮ֱۣ³Ժ䡣
ϣ
屻˺ҲȻһײ³и޵צϣȻĦ˻ǣңûж޲һ˺
һצӡôӲҶȻȻǹԪԲ³Ͼ
𣡡
˻һ˼ûҶϣȫ棬ȽŹʵˣʰǰҲ١
ҶͬǳģûǸܹɱޣ³Ҷǿĵˣȴ˵ޡ
ޣɱˣ˷ʱˣȡźɡ
ҶٴζԺ֮ʱһĨͻȻҶڳ֣ϯʧ
ۼʧ΢΢һױŭ˻ܣûбҶɱĵͽ޻һѸԶȥ
ҶҲִ˿̵Կ࣬ѵõ˵תܡ
䣡
׵ȥ޴Ӱ˿Ա׾ζ£ȻҶǰסˡ
ţ
Ҷüͷ΢壬û뵽޿֮ٶȾȻô죬ǰ׷ɱԼʱֻǿţδʩչٶȡ
һǿǡ

Ҷױһ³ιͬʱ£ޡ
ۼϮ޴˸ΣȻת˵ɢ³棬˫˫ֵ˲塣
ʱ˿̣ҶڵѾĴ룬ʣ޼ȥпܻᱻ
ͬʱҲµó޵ȻҲʣ࣬ΪڵֵԼĹ֮󣬾ȻֻվĶԼûй
Ҷüͷ壬ٶȳ֣һ⣬޸û˵һ˿һ
㵽
Ҷʧȥģĺ֣Ǳ𣬲򲻵ѣ֣Ϊʵ̫󣬼ֱһ޵׶
޶ҶףĻԴһᣬͺһ޴˸ǳĶڶȥ


ʮ 
ôˣ
ۼԼĶڣҶ¶һĨɻתȥ
ȵȡ
ȴǳǣҿмᶨâȻҪõȴ򶴿ڣȻǹȥ뷨
뷨
ҶԥƬ̣ջûȥ
ʶ㣬Щ˽Ҳ࣬ĻŶȻǺܴġ
ȻûãޱǴɽ˳
ֻǣ˿̵ûײйâԼ׽ġ
УһᣬɢɫâǳѤҫۡ
᣿
Ҷһ½ϣ鼮;أ鼮صģƷ֮ϣҲǼŹƷʶȻϼѣ
ء
ڵϣǰצǰ˹Ҷףصĵ
ڡҽҶȻ˿̵ޣȫû֮ǰбӣһֻ޴ĺϬţЩɰ
ȷǳҪ
ٺһЦһâҶڳ֣Ǿ𣬳ҶС
ᱻҶ׵ȥһǼΪţҶ˾ֲ
ûֻǿҶףǽڴ˲ܾ̾
öǿǾصĶ̾
Ҷ˷֮ﶼ̾Ǻöȷȥˡ
˫ʽƷ
Чͬʱװ
עսֵɵ
ֵ100

Ǿͨɱ¼Ϣ
ȻǻʽƷ
һΣȴûκεսֵʲôʵõԣֻǿͬʱװ
ȻҶȴûʧƺΪ죬ڱǼߣУȴǿ
˿̵ȻûʲôӵսֵҲ٣һ£Ժ󣬵õɽȿֲսֵӵεȳ̶ȣ
Կֲ
ڱϣȻҲͬʱֳûȷսֵֻҶ׵һ롣
ڵҶ˵ûãԺȴ̫ˡ
ֻǣֻʽƷΪλᱻԪԲ޵õ
𵱳ٱԲǿߣǿҲŽǻʽƷѣ񴫸ҶףҶ׾ԲţʽƷԴġ
ء
Щȵżˣǰ˼ٴγҶ׷֮
˵ٿţǧŶ
Ҷи̾ҿ޲࣬δ֮ǰܳĻҲ
΢΢Ҷóһ
ˣ˫¶˷ܣֻ޴ǰצĴŵ棬ǿɰӣڵȴ˸ʳ
˵ʱԲžȥӣҶ׵Ĺȥ
һӣǿ̷ɳ븹С
ͬ˽˲ιʲô仯˫ȻڴĿҶס
˵޴ãֻܸһҶ׻˵
Ļ޲ĿһգҶ׼ӣתȥ
У
ȻԭΪҶ׻Ὣȫ޵ģû뵽Сô
Ƭ̣ٶȴӶ˳һΣһ塣
Σ߲ʹâɢǳҫۡ
һ˲Ҷ΢΢һ˫¶𾪡
ܹĿϲ棬ǸƯһֻޣǿ̻棬ǾôƯ
˵ƷԲǷ
߲񣡡
ڴ˿̣ͻȻг벻ţ찡ôܣ߲ĶôСС
߲ʲôҶԻ
죬ܻѶôĴۣҪҪ֣𼱲ͣȫʧȥƽĵȻ֮ǰǾӽȻ෴
ʱá
Ҷҡͷ߲񣬿ȷǷǳˡҲò֣һ֣ޱ˼Ǻĺġ
ȿһ´Ҷ֡
ȴѧˣ޴Դҡ˼£˼ԡȰó
Ҷ׿Цԭٿܲܵʲôĺöһֱߴ٣֮£ֻнʣµ˳


ʮ ߲
ݣ
ԱҶ״޷
޵ҲûˣʲôĻ߲һӣס˫¶Ϊӡ
䡫
ǳҶףǳޡ
ſ޴ͣҪΪʵһŨȫ£޵׶һֱͣЪ
ҶԭΪҪͻˣͻ֮Լ鷳ȥȴǷ֣ӿѾʧޣʧգһ´۾űͣδ촽
취ޡͻȻ
ΪʲôҶԻҲ˵ԭһղŲźԼˣǳ˴ĽܸԼô
ǻʽƷ߲񣬶Ƿ߲ǿ֮ܵõȻ֪һЩʲôȥ֮ͻƣܹ֮˻Σɽԭ͵
ҶԽԽǾ߲񲻷죬նʵ޵ңҿͻơ
ԣȻתͷ˫ȴԵĽ
Ҷ׳һ£óһŵҩƵµԼѾͻƣûз£Ժֵʱá
һŵҩ㣬ҲҪܲǡ
˵ֱӽµ
һΣûȥӣֻǿµڵϣǰ뵤ҩȫɱĴצӹĵһñᣬ¶˷ܣһ¡
ֵҩеǣֻҪԺңҶͻơҶ׻䣬óһµȴûиޡ
Ŀ¶ǿҵĿצӲĻŵ棬֮ǾǿҵŻҶ
ǳһֱǺҶױ׵ľҡ
ǶûбĶôҶ׼˿ûܵӣָָڣó߲;ᣬĵʵ
޿ƷҶ˵Щʲôҡҡͷ
СӣҪ㣬ƷѾΪԺ̤ǿ֮·춨ˡ𲻶ϵķŰۣϧҶ׿
ǻʽҵ֪ʲôֻ߲񣬵ʲôƷǿҵǷɣҶױ߱ʣޣž޴ĽŲҶס
߲δ
Ч
ɱ¼ϸϢʾδҶ׸ʹòˡ
߲񡭡
һ׷䡣
Ƭ֮󣬷˵һʱ䣬ȴ˵õ߲񣬵ˣһܹʹá
ΪʲôҶü
ûлشĻǷʵ֪ˣʲôΪ
Ҷҡͷȴġ
ǻʾԲԵ£ʥ򾳳ڡ޵УʥԲ𻺻˵
˻
Ҷ׵һǻʾʥ򾳣ǿϵ۷徳簡һģɽɷֲ
߲䶯½ǿѶΪ۷壬ȴΪ߲֮ΧܵˡǷ̫أأ֮䡣ԵǱǿ߻ɱֻ޵Уõ߲䰲Ȼȴδ˵ʹ߲񡣡
⵽ʲôҶ׼ͣͬʱʧУ˵ﶼܿԼҪ£
֪ܸɴĵ
Ҷ۾һɣ㻹ǰ㼱еҪõӣ
ǻʾʥ򾳶ƴҪõĶ㶯ģһ䣬Ҷƿԡ
ȻǶ֪߲񵽵ʲôʲôôΪλҪ
Ϊ߲аϣڰˡ
һ仰͸Ҷ״𰸡
аµһ񵥣ʲôǿааǰƨǡ
аʮǰֲңի׫ʵԺǿͨʵ֤˰ȷ顣
ңիȷעаǰʮƷǰʮ֮Ʒ֮ܽǰʮá
ҶҲ˵˵Ͼ˵˵žʵԡ
ǵڰˣӽףаǿ죬ʲô¡
˿̣Ҷ֪ΪλôȣҲ֪ˣԼжôˣһĶ
ͷһ֮⣬Լޣ˷֮£Ǵһµ¡
޸˵ͽסɵҡŴԴڸлҶףȴ֪˶ôĿ


ʮһ ŭ
߲аڰˣСӣҶЩˡ𲻶ϵ̾Ϣɽּߵ;У˵һ仰
ҶײϷۣ˵һ飬˷ܣ˵ʮʱЩϼһ߶ˡ
ȻǺҶױ׾룬ǳΪÿһ࣬Ҫɱ
ҶѾͻƵأٶȴʱȫһҪİʱ䣬ʱǵ
ּҸۡţҶɫƽ죬̧̤롣
ӽԺҲˣܲ;
˵ףûôƤûּ벻мţҲܣ񺣺ǵȷã޼¡
Ҷף
ôֻˣ
ߣһΪе֪֮ٻء
ôšһͷޣ
һּҸۡвٵĿ⿴඼ͬʱҶ޵ĿУŵ졣
𡭡
һ˫Ŀܣδ磬ֻǰצϵĴŵ棬ǲԸҶǰС
ˣҶٴλͷһµ֮ջûеסջ󣬽Ҷס
УƺҲֻǰ಻˺Լ
ûȥҲûȥ񺣣ҶڶĿ⵱УصԼķ䡣
ȻʱȴǷ֣һжˡ
ԼƽһЩϴҲƷʧ˿ĴϣһҶµ꣬Ŷȣû
Ҷϵֳӣˡ
Ҷף
Ҷ׺ȻȻ뵽ʲôЦ㲻ôֻˣ
Ҷüͷҷʲôҵ·أ
٣ҿɸ㣬ѾҵķˣЩ·ƵĲӣȫӳȥˡ˺ܻĵ
ˣ
һŭһҶдܳЩȫָģɱ¼֮µĶֻЩˡ
Ľŭѹ£Եͳʵȥˣ
ô֪
̯̯֣·࣬Ҳǰ£ͱЩѾ߸Ҳ˵
ݣ
ӰһҶһѽ쾾ס˫ɱ֣һ飬Щ㶼ȥˣ
˿̵Ҷףͬһֻޣǿȫ˵Ƹѹȥ߸оԼڵ
Ǳӿɱڣ˱̱ʪ͸ͷ亹ֱҶҶףҪҪʲôּңݲ
ǡּҡãҶ˫֮кâȥҧˣҲɱ㣬Щ·ΨһƷƣپɣ࣬Ҳӵң㵽׽ӵȥˣ
ҡҽѾˣӦ֪Ҳɵ̸Ҷס
һڴϣҶתԺȥ
ѾּҵϵסڶģʱҶҵ
ү
ԭҲͬҶףһֱûּѾǰڱҶף˿̣Ҷ׽Լסգһ۾ôˣʲô𣿡
סҷӦ֪˵ҵЩﶼˣȥˣҶʵ
ûӰ
Ҷ״һЩ¿˿Ҷ׶ߵʱȷǰˣԭţȡ֪ΪΣְЩҪȥˣ˵
ЩԥҶüͷһ壺˵ʲô
˵Ƕˡ
ˣ
Ҷкһը޷ƵŭϯԺ
ѣҶҲţԼѣţ˵Ը񣬾Ի¡
쵰
Ҷ׽ȭͷָ׶ҪУһԶͷ˫ɲǼѪ졣
ԥתԶȥ
Ҷ׵ıӰҧҧ´³£æе裬׷ȥ
ߵּҵϵԺ䣬Ҷױһģ񺣣ֳ磬ԼŲżһˡ
׸磬ڻˡ
Ҷף˹Щȥˣȥɽҹ㣬㲢ûڡ
Ҷ׷ûĻĿĶˣɱΡ
ˣֳüͷһ壬ȵҶףּڳǻ֮ȥǿȴһ˶֣Ǻ⣿


ʮ ˽գ
ֳĻҶ˲ô¡
ǲµԼȻȥѯʣҲ֪Ըһ֪ҶԼﶼˣѸȥүү
񺣺Ϊʲôڣԣˣֳ磬֪ͼӴ׵˵Լٻ
˿̵ҶףҲ̲סйâһ³ֱָ֣ˡ
գҲҪ֣Ҫ
ݣ
£ҶӰһٶȱɲ֮ǰ³ͷ¡
˱竣츳ߣأ֮Ҷײ̫Զټϴ˿̱壬һʱ֮䣬˶
꣡
ǣֳɲ
ײֳȻˣǿķ֮ұ۴Ҫһ㣬Ϊܡ
Сӡ
ֳ綢Ҷףаʲôʱôǿˣ
ڵ˵ͬʱֳҲץˣҶǰ
˴˿ǷӦѸֳܵͬʱֵĺүү峤ңһˣˣ
Ҷֳ³ԥȥǵڵϣл𻨷ɳ
׸磡ĵĽһ䲻ˣȴҲܿҶ׽ɱһǲ֪ΪΡ
Ҷ׷û˫Ѫ죬¶Լ۳һâ
ڴ˿̣һӰȻҶǰҶ׶һ٣ҧҧɫ壬ÿ
ף׷ʲôˣ
ÿҶȻȵ
΢΢ü˱Ͼּҵˣ㲻ɱңҪɱҲҪиɰɣ
ҶƺҪҧ飺ΨһĶɣ
һתͷˣȷд£
ûУûУ
̰֣峤ɱ˵˵ֻǼסķ䣬мǺޣԲŻɱ֣峤Ļ
ҽƱ磡
Ҷ׽Ųƣܿ񺣣ӰȻ˫϶߳
վǰֳ۾һǰԴֵҶס
飡
˫£˵ѪɫֳȻɣһ𣬻δأһѪ˫˫˳
أҶͬΪսȴ̫࣬һΡ

ֳվо壬һǵѪͬʱȵҶҵּðż֮Σ㲻мּҷɱּ֮ˣģǲǶˣ

Ҷ׺ȻЦôЦҵˣ壡ҵˣҲ壡ּҵʱ䣬ǶҴżĪΪϹɣҸмּңҲų
˶Ϊ㲻ٻּˣϾȥ£ԲŻȥķסѷøǣαɱֳ֣ɫӷιУܹԼѾҶ׵Ķ֡
ƨ
Ҷײ֪ˣּʱǺּңû˵һһΪ֪ⲻҵļңǷ䣬ҵģ
ǣҵЩҵģΨһĶ˲ڷǸҲãԻȥһءѾЩȴִҪأһѻˣֳ磬ңǺ⣿⣡

ĿͻȻǰĿ֮Уǿҵĺ⡣
һѾߣȻҳԼ
Ҳƺֳ˵Ŀ⣬һæҡҲǹġ
ס
񺣿ˣµȷĲԣҲﲻ侲һ£һᴦ£ɺã
ﲻ
ҶЦ壬ˣǶ˵ﲻɶ˵
˶ǲҲ
ֳߵҶף㲻ҪˣΪ㣬ּҲŻôˣɱ˶ҲҪЩȥᣡ
ǾǣҽһѣȴּôˣҪ˵Ļ㶼ѾʮˣҲǸŷϡ
죡
񺣵һۣ㷽Ų˵û𣿡
ҡҡ˽Ʊ粻ˣĿٴκ޺޵ϡ
ã
Ҷ׶ֳ磬ЩּˣΪҶҲƱ硣գұվЩȥּ˵ļǰÿһƣҸҲ
ǡ
ҶĿһˣָ
˽գ


ʮ ޱȣв
ˣ
˼򵥵һ仰ȴֳҶеŭԼ֮ģǿµɱ⡣
񺣿˿ˣֿ˿Ҷף֪²Ϊ赲ˡ
վҶԣҲûֻǾĿˡ
Ҳ֪ҶΪʲô˵ķ񣬾ԭ򣬻ΪɥĲˣѾҶ׵ȴǽ֮Ҫأյܻ
ּ֮ͬˣϾڶοںҶ׳֡
峤˵Ҷ׵ڣ˫¶־壬Ǵ˿ǻ૵үүңҰ

ֳɸ֣תͷһۣҧгݣɫ
ã
˿Ѿûصأֳ˼Ƭ̣ȻȵҶףԼ˵ģȥּ˵УҲҵֶգұֶһơ
ȥ˶ҽ£ֳתͷ˵
˴˿̰Ͳÿȥ˵Ѹʧ
ֳ磬㻹ǲҪˣ
ͻȻǰһֳָ罿ȵȥ˵УϾûйϵһ常Ҳǰ˸Ӵšļˣ֣
ֳأźҶ׵ĽսУҶΪ֮죬ȴҲǳģϾҶױΪҲֻأȻǿ󣬿ɴ˿վﱻỹ֣ȫ
С㣬޹أֶļ֪Ҳͬġֳͳ˵
Ҫڣȴǰֵãֳ磬֣ʹɹͷ­ĻҲ
ֳ翴˿񺣣һǴӦ
ʱ˿ּ̣ҲѾټ˲ϵĸ֪˴١
Ŀ⣬ҶϣǽͷӶ֪ܿ׷ʲô¡
ۣһѣα˴󶯸ɸ꣬ҶûĵĻϡ
Ҳͬ飬ǱϾҶĸһ㶫Щˡ
գּΪңȥʮˡ
ҶɨһܣҶԾ񳥻ȥ˵ļˣɹһΡ
ֻǹһΣϾʮιļʺС
Ҷ׻䣬Ҳ̾һѾ˵ˣ˭ְ֣ɣҪһ䣬׳ֽǳ·ܣּң͵ò
ȫΪҶ˵ҲǳⴿЩȥ˵ļ˸֮࣬ǰҪϺܶ࣬ǲʵ
ˡ
һŮȻվ˳̾ȥ͹ȥɣǲṥҶס
֮վʾԼ⡣
ЩˣĵҶ񺣼Ϊǿ񺣵ӣҲ֣οɷȷҶйأֳ˵Ҷ׺ġ
ڿס
ֳֻֱվ˳ЦҶף·㲻ߣƫƫּ֣úõĽѵѵ㣬㻹ΪԼļңôôˡ
Ҷײδһۣƽְɡ
ߣ
ֳһּҵ㲻ţȴҲѾأһӰǰһ̤֮ɢȫصʵûһ˿֡
ϣҶ
飡
ޱһƣݺݵҶ׺󱳡
Ҷɫһ죬ӰδһѪѹȥ
ֵǣڱһ̣Ѫɫȴ˲串ȫ֪ҶΣա
Ҷûתֳһ˲
ɵҪ׽塣
ӽҲǷּʲô
𡫡
ԶĿһǷһͺ޴忪ȺվҶǰĿܡ
ԣڱҶס
Ҷ΢΢һû뵽˿̳ģȻͷողʶԼϳˡԼɴƭջޡ
ѩ̿ڼΪںҶ˵⽫һӵĶ顣
ҶимȴĸһޣùңҲ£¹Ҷ뾡취ͻơ
ء
תͷҶףһ˫ҶԼܿ⣬ȴһվﱻ˹ǰ׳Ϊ
Ҷܿ˼΢΢ҡͷʾվһߡ
𡭡
ԥһ˻һ壬ΪԸĳһȥ
Ҷ֮û˰ԼԼֿΪĵҩ
Ҳޣ඼ûеС


ʮ ɱ
˹ԪԲޣּ峤񺣶ܿ⣬˿̰ҶףҶ룬׽˻ɱֳֻܷŭް취
ҶײôҪծּҵľծ
ܶ˶Ϊծ໹
Ҷͬ໹
ͬʱҶУһֱ񺣺ּˣûһĹϵ

˶ҶȻȵҶ׾ƾǹ֣
Լ˵ģ
ֳɫӰȻ֮ϣǿֱҶǰȥ
УҶԶȴҲǰ顣
˶ֳ磬ͬʱֿҶס
ֽգɫͨ죬ԲּҺҶֵʰĳ̶ȡ
վڲԶ˫ָ𣬿ֳ硣
ڰգ趯ƶҶǰȥȴڼеһ˲ȻӿһĨɱԼٶȣֱҶͷ­ȥ
ֳ磬ңͫһӰҪ赲ٶȣ
Ҷף
ۼУֳ¶
ͬʱҶҲȻ˫ܸоǾǿɱ
һ˵ʵʱ伫̣Ҷ֣ȴǾڴ˿̣һ޴ӰŭȻֳϣǿҵײֳ֮Ѫǰ߹Ƕ
Ǿ޴Ӱޣ
񺣾Զ޾ȴǲԶޣȴҪ࣬ʱעֳĶ򣬼Ϊ˹ԪԲٶȼ죬ԲŻǧһ֮ʣֳײԶ
ֳ磬
ŭڣֳǰҲƵҪ¡
ȵȣҶ׺Ȼ
ʲôǰֳָ϶ˣ֮ǰ˵òͷ­ģȴͻɱ֣Ϊպָּǳʲôأ
ҲּңԺ󣬲˭ףΪֳҶɱֶŭԲΪʲôԺ롣
ˡ
ʱ˿̣зȨģҶˣһ˵̱û
ֳɱ֣Ҫۡ
Ҷ׵Ҷײղɵּ˶ңҿĳʲôû˵ʲôûųգ˵Щȥ˵ļˣԹһΣֳͻȻɱ֣Ҳô룬Ҿ͵ǶѾˡ
ƨ
˻һǷŲŹ˵ֳ̲Ҷף㵹ĺۣ糤ôܴˣ
ֳ
ҶȻתͷ˫죬ƽȴɱ⡣
ҶٰãĪҪΪĺ۸Ųţٶ˵һ̵ּ֣˵棬ˣ
㡭
ֳɫͨ죬Ҫ˵ЩʲôȴǺȻ֣Ҷ֮ϣѾѪ֮ɫӿżǿɱ
Ҷ˵ʲôΪ֪񺣣Լ
ֳ硣
ҶֳһһֽĿֳϣҽշŹ㣬ӣұɱ
ݣ
ӰֱӳȺԶȥ
ֻǽ˽Լȴʧǲ
Ҷ޳Ⱥ˻һҲǸȥ

Щĵĵ˱Ͼּҵˣ׸硭Ļɱô
֪ҡҡͷ
ȷ֪˿̵ҶףѾԸƺȫɱ䣬ɱϣᶨɫЩ͸
飡
ʱּ֮֮˶ҪȥȴǾڴ˿̣ͻȻ
һӰͬߵķݣԶһ棬Ϣȫޡ
ӣˣ
˶
ֳȻײˣ˿ȴҲʲôˣܵǰ
䳹ȥֳ綸Ȼ̧ͷҶףĸҽ˶ɱˣôĵӣ
ҶԶһͬɫƽ
ţ
ֳָҶףŭɶ˶ĸĸʧٶ꣬ΨһɱˣһŹģ

â³ȻҶУӰһֳǰֱȥ
㶼˵ˣȻΪֳС
ȵȣ
ȴǾڴ˿̣һӰֳǰ񺣡
Ҷüͷ΢壬ԥƬ̣³
ףѾˣϾּҳϣϣһɡ񺣿Ҷף֮УǴЩζ


ʮ 
Ҷּ̾ңҲ֮񺣺ĻŶԼá
׸硭
ҲվԶҶףЩҿ
һ˲Ҷּң񺣣ĹϵƺԶԶ
̶ֳֵȣЩˣЩ£òô
塭
Ҷ죬һΣŹֳ硣
˿Ҫ˵ЩʲôȴҶ׽ŵǣӽּңκιϸҸлʱҵչˣҲлȹҵҶϣգһжѳ
ﲻҵļңּ֮ˣΪ񣬺֮ǡҶƤ˵زң֮ҵȥ
ס岻Ǹ˼һɬҲû뵽û˿۵꣬ᱻּ֮ˣȵ̶ֳȡ
ֳ˿ֻ˿ŭҲԺ
Լ
Ҷ׿ԶվŮЦЩǣǿʺúȡԺΪ½ϵǿߣʵ롣
ֻǣԺ󡭡Ҳܱˡ
һ̣ҶĺޣϾֻһꡣ
ţӽԺҶףǰԶǼǿģԶǲģ
תҶ޾޴壬Ҫ̧ţȴǷǳĲᡣ
ǲּңǲ
ǶּңɽΨһˡ
·ǳƽ̹ߵſڵʱҶƣ
׸磬ҪߡҪߡ
㣬ԺҲᷢˣ֤Ҳˡ
׸磬ϲ㣬ϲ㰡һԹĻһҲġ
׷ȥԽԽԶӰȴǴ޾Į
֪Ǹż赲Ҷһ̤ӽ󣬱ּ޹ϸˣԼĹϵúԶԶ
ּ֮˶ҶףݵıӰһ̣ǺȻ֣ƺԼģȷЩˡ
ˣˣ
ĿſãȻһ˲Ըȫת䣬һɱĸоڱǵϣ˲
£գϣȴĽ
ôˣ𾪵ĿŵϵһƬ飬׾룬ܸоԭȵĿ˲亮
һ̣ڵЩƲסƺҪһ㣬¡
Ǳ׸磬ҺǣҺǣ
񣬺͹ȥ˳ɵԸȫһ
䣬תԼķȥһ·׷Χڵĵ棬Խ
ֳ磬Ϊ㣬Ҳȡ
ҧҧ̾Ϣһ߱ߵԺҵѾߣסҵĸۡ
һмлл峤
ܲףֳԸ񣬲ץסҶףȻԼϾԼյҶߺߵġ
ڱԼֳٴ󵨣ҲƤӵ¶Լ֡

ɽ޵ɽС
ҶȻڵϣ˫ֱ֪Щʲô
ء
޵ͷһҶףһʣڰο
޶Щ쵰ǿ
Сӣ㣬֮ûȥǹǿպ󶨿ɳΪǿߣʱֻּ֮һȺϣǻ㣬ڽľ
ˡ
ҶվԼƨɣ޵ǻ֮ǰұʱסɽˣϣ㲻Ҫźá
Ҳ֪ܲҶ׵Ļ֮ҡŴԴҶ׾͵ͬˡ
˵֮ǰΪҪޣͻĻڣҶױѾѣ˵İ֮УΨͷްԼ鼫أ뻹
ӻҪǷϣң뵱Ҷұ¾ȣͲ£ܶҶɴ
Ҷ׼ɽתƣֻɽޣѾɱˣֻһЩͽ׵ޣҶ׿ϡ

¹£꾲Ĵɽп棬Ȼ֪½ж󣬸ȥһ
յʱ䣬ҶȻֻأδͻơ
ǾֵҲֻǼ500㣬135658
ʮҪ15000ľ飬ĺԶ
ǳǻˡ
Ҷվҹ·ٶȣ֮ǰȫԵϰǡ
ߺ
ҪһļµȴͻȻԶҶ׻һ̧ͷȥ
һ֮£˫Ȼ޷֮ɫӿ֡


ʮ ʥԺ
Ŀȥһ޴Ӱͨ죬Ӱ֮Ǿǳ֮ԶҶܹͬĿ
ʲôޣ
Ҷ˫ͫ𣬾޵壬Ҳаֲ֮
𽣡
ƺҲǿǾ޴Ӱǿ֮ԶѾݹҲ鵤ԲΪпܣѾͻ˱񾳣ﵽڣң֮ϣվ
ʲô
Ҷ𾪵ԸӣҲ˵񾳣鵤ҲҪΪ
һͷޱΪ˵ˣֻʲôΪ
ôǿޣԶȻΪ߰ײˣܹվˣҲҪ޸߳磬࣡
޵ķٶȣȻͣ½ơ
ɽƫƧС˵䲻ģ˵½ڷ糾۹ʺĵطˣϰĴ֮⣬δ鵤ǿֹ߳
˵ϰĴ壬̫ϳǱȼҪǿʿ
ͬʱп϶Ҳ鵤ǿߣֻǴδ¶
ϵˣǧδɽֹˣк£
ȥɽˣ
޻£䷽ɽ
֪˺¡
Ƭ̣Ȼ٩ֳľȱɣ
Ҷɫһ䣬֪ڵ٩Լˣҵù
µģֳģҡ
⼸ʺСΪ׻ǿ壬ôǿޣңûлһء

ͬʱɽּҡ
Ͽǻľ޴ޣԼּ˵ɫǳ׵ıˡ
֮ޣ⴫ľǿڵ̲ƺèϻҪ߷Ϊļѡ
ͨ죬ܾлڣһ˫צˮͰϸ߸ʮףҪ
Ӱޱ£һߣһӣһӡ
ͷ׷˫ǣȴʱйâʵʣּҿȥ֮ˣкݺһ
Ŀ࣬˫ָվͬһɽ˼ǿѹ
ӣݿ༫Ϊ죬ŮӣŮӼһĽڶĵĲΡ
䣬Ҷסһ£Ϊȴﵽ˹ԪСɣԵš
ʲôط߿ʵ
ǳºͣҲܺͰ˿¶΢Ц񺣽ŵķһЩ
ɽ򡣡Сĵ
ɽ򡭡
ૣͷ˼һͻȻ˵ҼǵãǸ곽СһҲɽѰİɣ
һ˼ǵġ
䣡
񺣵Ժһ𣬴ľ
곽ǧǰּ֮ӣ츳ǿĿ£ձʥԺѡȥȴ䡣
ˣ곽֣Ҳȫڷ糾۹쳹
ʱּңܴԻ͵ʱ򣬵ʱǨǧ֮һвڣּңҲû䵽̶ֳȡ
ּ£֪곽֮Ǽһ
𾪵ģʶ곽ǳƺ곽ΪСһ
곽ǧǰּţȴ˳ƺԻС곽ŵʱǴڡ
ܻôʱˣΪԿ£
ǿҲֻ۷ľܹıԵ
Ϊߵһ
ɽƫƧȴ˽ܵ鰡
Ц̾ǧǰһ곽ǵһʥˮ֮壬·˵أͲ಻
һЦԺҪ˴һǡ

ǼΪˣЦ
λǰСĵĵˣΪˣ
кôǡ
Цָ򶫱λϷܸӦĵһʥˮ֮塣ŶһŮӣ
ָķȥ΢΢һǲķ
ʥˮ֮塭ʲôʵܿ뵽֮ǰ
ΨһıŮò
˵ҲһӣȥСŮ޳ɡ
ԥһ£ʵλǰǣ
üͷһ壬קקǰĻ£ʶɣ
񺣿һҡҡͷҪʶϹʲô
㶼ʶ۾һɣƺǳԾ
˼ΪʲôҪʶǸ߰Ӹһġ
߿ЦʥԺˡ


ʮ һȥ
ʥԺˣ
һ仰񺣵ǻ
Щţɴ۾Խ͵ʵġĸʥԺ
½еڶʥԺ𣿡Ӳͷ
ȷʥԺ˴˵е˭ð䣿
ôû˵ðʥԺֹ
ңޣߣӣǾǿ츳꣬ǵĲ
ƽֱ֮ʡ
ã񺣼ĵǰһ£ȥСŮ
ʥԺӵҪĵطͻȻ٣˵ϵڱûԥ̳ŷȥ
һﵹиһŮֹ
Ǿĵȴţּ֮ˣԽԽ࣬ԼǾ޴޶С
ûã񺣱˳
ʱ΢΢һĿ˸֪Щʲô
ߺǶһۣͷ¶Цա
ʥˮ֮壡߻ڣЦԽԽ󣺡ûг˰СŮ޻δ׾ѣ˼֮һѣؽˮе
һûаѰҲֵˣͬЦ
˵ͨʵ̫̫ˣӾƣͻȻһʣҲ飬Դ
ң˿ˣƽĵ
СŮޣ˭ôǰһЦʥˮ֮ӰԸ񣬵㻹δ׾ѣûʱ̱ĵزɣ
ͷŵ棬ĬƬ̣Ȼ̧ͷʥԺˣ
ٰ
á
Ŀ¶棬Ǿ޴޿һҲ֪ʲôʥˮ֮壬ҿԸߣǱһˣңҲǾԵš
Ŷ
ɫһһɼȾ˵ɨ˲串ּңɽ򣬵ɨˣǻ¶֡
СŮޣϷѱܣδҵʲôŰߵ
ˣҶ뿪ּңֱȥϰǣϾϰңһ֮Σ
㷶Χ
һҡͷһЦôˣ˸Լ˵ˣûм
ǳһ㣬ٴչһΣԲ֮ڵһоԱɨվɽĳɽ֮ǰҶҲǻһĿ¶ɫ
ֻǸطѰһˣʻ㲻ֻŴﵽأƺ㲻ʲôŰɣָɽķ˵ģҶס

˵׸ţȻأǰſʼģһʼ±һﻹҪ
˵ţдָָꡣ
һ㶣һֱڿȴû뵽ŮȻìͷָԼ
ǣûзҲû¶ʲôʻֻ߲ҡͷЦ
£
㶣ЦǵϷЩȤˡ
ȻˣȥСһɡ
һӣ̱վޱϣǰߺ꣬Ҳ˲ޱϣ񺣵˸ûпǵƶ켣

æע壬עⰲȫ
ͷûпּҵˣֻǿ񺣣¶᣺Ҳǣһ᳣ġ
˭֪ʥԺɼҿ¾ɽԶԶһȥ¾Ͳ֪²ܻˡ
ߵ˾վһ׺񺣸ϣŻ֣ɡ

ɽ
ˣͻȻ
ҶͫһȻܹǻ𽳯ٶȼΪֲ
˵̳ɽУϢ
СһòˡϵԵЦ⣬붴С
Ҷ˿δ
׸硭ϤȻҶ΢΢һ̳⡣
׸磡
ʹǻ𽱳˿һҶףǰ߻С
ˣĿһ
ôҶɻĵ
׸磬ʥԺˣ˵ʲôʥˮ֮壬ҸȥôҲȥɣҶףĿ¶
ʥԺҶ㶣¶ɫ
ȷʥԺˡ
Ҵʱ״̬ɢ̫ԶûпǰĻ£ȷʥԺġ
СһʥԺѧԱٹԪϣСŮ޵ϣϷƾʲô֮죬ʥԺûǱѧԱߵڣԴɫȫһ


ʮ ʥԺ
ܸδڣ
Ҷ׳ĬƬ̣ƾԼŬ
Ŷ
ѩ׵üëһСһϷ򲻻κζ㣬ǿСŮ޵ɲҪ֪ô
Ҷüͷһ壬УʥԺһֱǼΪʥĵط뵽ʥԺ¼ȡѧԱҪἫΪ̣û뵽ʥԺ˵ôʩһ㡣
ûߣֻǸһԴЦСѾͷ㣬񶼳ɳʥԺҪӵĵزء
ָɣ
ߺӶһۣͬʱӶԷп˲á
ǿҶףʥԺĹ涨ȷˣΪʥԺ½Ժĸ߲㣬Ȼ˹أĻʥԺҲ񻰴˵Ĵˡ
׸磬ϣܺһȥϾǸŮӣԺҪ
Ҷ׿ЦһʲôʱҲѧˣ
ʵҶףϵꡣ
Ҷ踺أӦ
ٽκ˵ʩᣬԼϣɱ¼Ҷס
ңɱ¼ֶôñ֪Ϊߣ˭ܹ֤ڵ֪ɱ¼֮󣬻᲻Լɱġ
ûʱ˷ѡ
ӻֵСӣʥԺ֮ǿóһܶصƷҪǿҪģֻǱʥԺĹءôϡͿĽʥԺ֪Ҳ
ֻ˵ƾľԼŬκζңǽʥԺȻʥԺҶƽĵҲʥԺ룬ǱϾеĴڡ
ǣɱ¼ᱩ¶㲻ܽʥԺ
㵹Ǿǿ
ҡҡͷȻˣǾûа취ˣб£һɡʥԺȡѧԱƣֻǳʮĻҪ鵤ϲŻ¼ȡˡԽΪƱԽߣΪ֮
У
ˣǱҶģ˿̼߾ȻҶף̵ߣҪ׸粻ȥҲȥˣ
СѾͷʥԺɲȥȥĵطƴȫҪȥް취ʥˮ֮ǲʥԺǿϧ˰߲żǧְ취ʥԺʵڲУֱǿƴ߱ǣлԼ
Ҳܣ׸ҪǲߣҲߡ
ץҶ׵ĸ첲ߵ׸Ҳ˵ˣֻҪȥʥԺһǶôô֪ͨأϼһͣԴˣµʱأҾͲ׸ûʸȥ
ʣȷʸʥԺʥԺй涨ҪǱҪ֪½ϣҩݿֱ˽ףĪ˵أǴһֱӿԽԪĶС
߲Ľ͵ǣЩҩݶк֢ģ󲿷ֶڽ֮󣬽ǱĥҲ˿ĴСһʥԺô
׸ŲأǲˣҲܣҪ׸һ𡣡˵
Ҷ׿ЦԸԼǲߣĿܲʥԺʥԺνҪ
ңʲôʥˮ֮塯ʥԺ˶ôأȻûᡣ

ҶתΪЩҵķ˿ģҼǲʥԺպҲһΪǿߵġ
ҡ
Ҷתͷ˿ԼӣЦţһ죬ԼȥǾͻҵġ
ǡ
Ҫ˵ʲôҶȴǺȻô㲻˵һֱĻ𣿡
᲻㡭СỨ˸׸磬ϴҼ£ǧϡǲһģǶһȺ󻵵ǧ
СѾͷȥˣôأϲ㻹ءҶЦ
ˡ
ͻȻִâƯҶǰ䰭ʥԺ涨ھͰȥģǱڴ½ϴһЩϣʱ㡣
ƷһʥԺȻĵȴδʸΪʥԺӣɰһЩʥԺҪһϷŵҩͻʮӦò⣬ϷȰСŮ޵ĳ͡
Ҷ׽ǰӹȻһƿһơ


ʮ ޴ת
ԪƷҩ
ҩЧˡ
ֵ+5000
ֵ+350
ӣһֻɶһֵֵһ֡
ڤƵƷҩ
ҩЧˡ
ֵ+5000
ֵ+350
ӣһֻɶһֵֵһ֡
鵤Ʒҩ
ҩЧˡ
ֵ+5000
ֵ+350
ӣһֻɶһֵֵһ֡

ֵҩԣͨɱ¼Ҷ׵Ժ
Ҷ¶ϲŶ˵Ĳ˲ɢ
лǰ
Ҷױȭ΢΢ȷӦˣŵҩǼƷδҩЧ֮ǿ߼ݸ߹ǶԼ΢ģҲóĵҩ
ǿƣûʲôôҲûʲôԣȴܴԼʥԺδݶӣݵ
ֻݶӣѧԺʽ˵λȻҪϲ١
պܽʥԺֵҩϡƽ΢΢һЦڱУҶΪǣȴЩϲҶŵԸ
ˣҶĬƬ̣Ȼŵҩȫȥ
㡭
ߺͬһӼ㼱ʲôЩҩģԺҲ١ΪżƷҩͬʱ£кôɺܴĻпĸ
Ҷ΢΢һЦֺγ֪Ҷףͱ˲һ
䣡
ߺ𾪵ĿУһɼȰȻҶɢҪű
ǣҶײδ¶κβʵĸоɫǷǳ
ͬʱߺҲͬʱоҶŵҩԿµٶѸţͺһ޵׶װ٣Ƭ̣ǳױɡ
⡭
ĿɿڴŹţǶֻǿ˼źȴǵһμ˾صΪǿżƷҩδ˿Ĵˣ˲ͻƣ
еҶ׶ǹˣ֮ǶԼĿֽһЩ
̫ˡӾ㵣ǸʮżƷҩǷҲ˲ɣ
ʮŲ˵ϾҴδɹʮżƷҩţǵһμ
Ҷʼ磬ɵĵҲûиоκεĲʣһӦûʲôġ
ЩţǰִҶ׼ϣ̽һ֮૵ûʲô⣬ЩǷǳȵǱ䵤ﵱУͨʿƿһûиͻ֮ǰ΢ʧȥƿظеӡ
Сӣ
ߴЦǼΪ˷ܣҶ׼򣺡Щνǰǹƨǣʣֱʥˮ֮嶼Ҫǿᣬ޵׶ҪļƷҩʥԺȱľЩ
үү˼ǽ׸Ҳ¼ȡˣ𣿡¶ϲ
˸ǧ궼ûĶۡ
ȷ̫ˣʥˮ֮壬Ҷµ޵׶һʣ˽ʥԺʮ֮ڣʥԺٲȡѧԱ޹ؽҪˡ
ңꡭ
СѾͷ̸ĳƺˣ߿٩
һٶǣҶ׵ĸ첲ЦĵֻҪ׸õˣҶǺá

ӶһۣЦҶǰɣӽҲʥԺѧԱҲ˵ʲôĻҿǱʣʣҪΪǿߣͲÿʲô츳ȫûзԣʥԺϲѧԱ
˵ҲʵЩν츳ٸߣͻƵʱҲҪʱԼ˺ͣ;ʱͻƵȷǲѣ˸߽ΪҪͻƣʹ˷ԡ
ܶνšΪ䣬޷ͻƣ˷˲֪ٵԴʥԺп˵
ǣҶ׵֡ʡûκηԣֻҪ㹻ܹͻƣûκκ֢պ󶨻ΪԵǿߡ
ѧԱߣʥԺˣΪϲ
ҶЩȣû뵽߷ӦôΪöԷ߿Լһ㣬պʥԺҲһЩѡ
ͬʱҲ߽ɱ¼Ϊġʡû׷ʲôԭġ
պұʣΪ֮ɡǴ˷æûдϸĵҩҵ뿴ɵļ޵ĸΡ
߹һЦߣʥԺ
ȵȡ
ҶȴǺȻǰڲܸȥҲμǳǻ֮ȻǰʥԺ


ʮ Ҵţ
ǻ᣿
üͷһ壺ʲô
ʲô
΢ЩǻϰֵĻ֮һˣҲİ磬Ȼá
΢壬͵ǻϰǾеıܵһЩɽ򶼻μӡ
ԭˡ
ӵ˵ͷֵ˵ҿʲôǻᣬǴ˵ƫƧ֮أеĻҲûʲôͷαزμӡʱ䣬ǻʥԺͻƲźá
Եջ
ȻҲܴпжôںҶףѵһʥˮ֮塣
ʥԺǿ½ҵģ˵ġ
ʱ䣬糾۹ĴѧԺῪʼѡѧԱǻһЩѧԱԼǰһЩƫƧ֮ѰһЩʸߵŮһЩңԼ½֮˶
Ҷ벻ʥԺĴѧԺǸŴ½֮һЩȥ
µģһ뿪½Ҷûضȥ
Ҷ̶̵֪ʱôֻ࣬ǽ͵ǰ˵Ȼǳǻᣬұμӡ
أüΪҶڹԼģֻҪʥԺһĺôڵЩôҲ˵ˡ
ҶһЦǰΪˣΪСӣҲȥطġ
ɫһ죬ΣС֮ĶȾ֮
׸ˣ
ʹı˱Ҷ׸첲Ҷ׵һ˫ʢٵУУҶһɫЩ졣
ȫûĵĺһ㣬ߵԭ׸ܹ֮ǰкܶΪǷһȹŮӣʱڿҪ޸׸磬Ǻ֪׸粻Ҳδ裬׸һҪֻ
Ŷ
ߺӶһۣҶɫǼ˲ס
˻һһڷһû²ҪҪ
аɡ
߳һ£ǻִһâҶ׵ʥԺҰɣҲʥԺʱģʽĵʲôΣգ̧ʥԺѹ
лǰ
Ҷ׽ƻˣСװǰ
ԺҪǰˣԽҡԺ߷Ц
Ժ
Ҷ۾һɣʥԺԺˣ⡭̫˰ɣ
ȷԺ
ӵǸԺ
Ҷף
㲻öǣǴ˷ˣѰѧԱģֻ;˵أŷ֪ҶЩʲôӽ͵
Ҷ׻Ȼ֪ʥԺԺ֮ôѡȡѧԱ
֮Ҫڴ½Ϻúõ߶߶˰
Ҷף
ˡ
ߵԺл£ǾͲڴ˵ˡҺγҲûƷʥԺʥԺͼμʲôǻֱ֮ǾͺáȻ鴦ϣҲѰġ
ǿɲҶԼһȥʥԺʥԺΪأΣأʵϾ̫ͣһ䣬ʧ
ǴƷǴ鷳ʵ̫󣬼½ʥԺҲû١
šҶ׵ͷ
ûйԥμӳǻᣬμӣߺҲãһҶѾ൱Ըˣߡ
Ŀ⵱У𽻺𣬳Զȥ

ڴ˿̣յУһâȻ֣һʮ׳ľ޴ӰȻ࣬ޡ
ͬһʱ䣬Ҳǳһ⣬Ҷվڴ˵أȴܹͬһͷʮ֮ľ޴ޡ
𡫡
´֮ھҶװ׿ɽУһͷ޴ĻޣҲʮ׿⣬վˣϰǽ
ͣ
ɫâ˸ҶͫһǾһжʮ֮ľ޽
޽֮ϣͬվˣֱϰǶȥ
ǣ
ҶķпЩ޻Ǿ޽ǴʱĴڡ
糾۹ĴѧԺǸˣ
ڴ˿̣һʮȻ𣺡ʥԺѾڴѡһѧԱڹأҲ˵֡ѧԱʱǸҵˣǸұʥԺе˽ǵѧԺȥҴţ


ʮһ ǰϦ
䣡
ǰԵޱȵո£һâǴ
Ҷ˫¶𾪣Ŀһӽʮ׵ɽͷâ֮£ֱӻ˷飡
Ǿ棡ľ棡
һ̣ǽâޣǻޣ߾޽֮ϵǿߣһ
ܿ죬ǱǷûп˵飬ȻϰǶȥֻǣѡѧԱʱ򣬿»ССˡ
Ǵ½һѧԺô
ҶȵԸӣоѪҺҪǰʮ㰡
ʥԺǴľ޴ңի༭аʱѾˣ֮񣬲ġ
м׷ζҶЩԻĵǰһֱǷ㣿
һԭ򡣡ЦװʵϷҲʥԺΪɱһʦ֣ʥԺˡ
Ŷ
Ҷɫһ£
š𵭵ҴûкڹΪ
ǻﵱУ̺һּȳ޵ζҶǵʲôԭ
ûжʣ˿̵Ѿͻʮأãæ鿴Լڵ״̬
ɱҶ
Ƚףʮ
ֵ658ԪСɣ3㡿
սֵ672
ֵ12

ӾͻƵʮأ70սֵ
˿̵Ҷףսֵٴһµĸ߶ȣ672㣡
֪ǹԪɵʿսֵҲͽ580ѣ90㣬ҶţǶԷӵһЩսֵĵƣҲܳԽ90
Ȼﲻ˵ôԣѱҲԼһõ߽Ǹ߽Щеţǵõֶʵ̫ˡ
ԡ
Ҷ׿Զϰǵķ
Ϊ˼֮ҪɱңĴұ볥

峿գȣʿͽ׵ʿҲɵֵ֮С
컹ûʱϰѾͷüã˳ǲ̫󣬽˷ɽ˵һǳأʵϣõ½ȥ㲻óǳء
ϰΪ20򣬶ֻ࣬ΪеطסˣٶĻֻվڴϹҹˡ
գϰǵȻѾޣȥȫǺѹѹͷеһסʩȫסͬˮһ˸߹һˡ
ǷƽʱǾгǻᣬҲȻôˣΪȺУףȫϰϽ֮µɽ֮ˣﵱпԿǴǵһˡ
Ϊ˿ǻᣬΪĴѧԺ
ĴѧԺϰǣδ̫ĶϰǸʮĴǳǳض֪ˣǺԻ󣬲֪ĴѧԺΪλѡôһʺƫƧɽǵС
ǣⲢӰҪĴѧԺ顣

ϰǳŲԶһӰ
Ӱ޳һ£˿ڼͷ޷Զ
Ҷ׵ɫƺһֱô԰ףСһֱҶ׾Ϊ£ˣȻˡ
ֲ԰ףȵļҲһ⣬ӣԼ԰׵ɫ忴ȥ˾һ꣬һ꣬µĶꡣ
ԶһһӵȺϽҪϰǡ
;Уּҵˣ񺣴ͷЩϳֳ磬Ȼȫˡ
δкּңֻһ׽Ǿˣͬİ·
񺣵ȷȹҶףѾּҽݶ鳥ˣңҲ˵Ҷ׵ĸȹ֣Ƿ
Ҷ׶Ը鿴úأҪʲôϣ˳У䷴
ͬʱҲ˳¼ңڽ֮󣬿μҵȺվǰһ㣬עĿŮӡ
Ҷ׿ǱӰĬƬ̣Ŀ˻ȥ
ϣûи飬Сʱ˵Ҫ޸ʲô˼ʱƣڶˣ顣
ǣݼ򵥵һ˿ʵİ飬Ҳʱĥ£𽥱䵭󣬳ױ
Ҷ׺ңԼûôĸ顣ûôػ˵ʲôѣ˿̵ֻϵ·˼ס
ȺĬĬϰ룬ǳǻеĵطһռ˵ܴĹ㳡һʩչֽš
ʧǣδڴ˵ؿԣּҵˡ
֪֪ˣս
ԵΪ磬ȴҪʲôΪ


ʮ ǻ
ʱ仺ƣ̫ԽԽȣƺΪ˱Ƚ϶࣬ҺܶʿɣϰϿնƮһЩɫ
ⲢӰ¶ȵ
ʱͻȻԶ϶źɫУֱֳͷͷ˳ʿ
ϰĴ壬ʣȻǳ󣬻ʳϲַ
ЩʿȺ룬һ·ʮ˴߹
Ǵͷߣһɫۣͷɫٵӡ
Ҷ׵ӡУӦͦŴӣֵģʵȻǳϡ
Ҷ׿ʮ˵ʱ򣬲һ㶣ΪЩˣ϶ĴѧԺˣ
ǵϣŸɫװǰһö£˴ͷ֮⣬ģᣬ鼫Ϊ߰
ǵ֮ѰԼͬİһ˫˫Ŀ˻ȡ
ԴˣϰǳѴΪ⣬Ϲ㳡ĸ̨һۣЦĳǻᣬǱְ
·ӦҲںأ˵֪ʲôԭҲ֪ʲôԭ򡣡
糾۹ĴѧԺϰѡѧԱϲɺأϰ˵ʲô̫ĵط˽ܵ飬ӿ֣Ϊϰ˲ٵĹʡ
ˡ
ѴĻҲ˵ǵȲгǻᡣϰǹϽ֮µˣòμӳǻᡣĴѧԺ˻ڽгǻʱ򣬶ǵ˽ѡΡ
䣬ѴתͷһЦǣϢĵطȥ
ߺһĿ׳˶ߵ˹㳡ϣǻȻĹһöԶԷɱ֣Ȼɱﴦá
ǻһΪﵽʮأѡĴѧԺеһ
ڶΪﵽأӵнĴѧԺʸ񣬲ĴѧԺѡǡ
ˣҲлĴѧԺҪúñ֡
⻰˵ʵϣ˵ϰĴãÿһĳǻᣬǶǰɽ֮ˣֻǳС
ųǻеĴԽԽ࣬ݱһϰߣϰܵˣڵһʱãǰȻĴġ
Ҫμӳǻᣬÿγǻֻ·ʮţԣֻʮ˲μӡ
ҶվԶĿǿȥָųʿޣ૵ûΣҲμӣԿ֮Ҳᡮõμӳǻʸ񡣡

㳡ʮ֮⣬һʮ׵ľ޴̨ȿֿϢ
λôѴЦſܵĴѧԺ֮ˡ
ԣһӲмһЦܻĵΪǸʲôԣǲŲƫƧ֮أַ˵ҪμǰʲôǻᣬҶѧԺһģڴöࡣ
Ѵɫһ䣬Ȼû뵽Էôֱӣ˵ı벻мûнԼ
ֻϰǳԸǳֱǧǰϰͬƫƧʱǳһ곽ô
ʲô˼˲ͷӦüʵ
ûʲô˼ֻǿ߱ô߸ϡѴ
Ҫ˵ѴϾǷ糾۹ˣĴѧԺٴ󣬲Ҳڷ糾۹֮ڣǵġ
㡭
ˡ
ҪǰһȴǺȻԺ˵Ҫô壬ҲҪôԣѳ˵е곽ȿɼĴڡ
˾͵Ӧ㣬ĪҪѴ˿ӣƳһ۷ųڵӣĵһ䣬Ŀת㳡
ߣʺĵطûй滮ڷ糾۹ĵͼж֪һԱѾܲˣ곽ţ治ŻС
һγڵģӣһŮŮüΪƯ磬¶͸һģһһ֮䣬ѧԺһЩӶ̲סҪ࿴ۡ
ǰĻ£ԳݡѧԺ
Ѵ̾ȴûٷŮ֮˵ĵȷϰνġšҲϰ˵ѣŵ½ϣ伣ĬĳĬ곽֮⣬ûһ˵ܹڴ½쳹
ʱ˿̣ǹ㳡ϵ̨ѾںãһľӰڹ㳡룬ǿ׳μӳǻˣȡ룬ͬ˽б
£һӰ˹㳡
ҶԣϣҲ¡


ʮ ˣ
ԣ
ȽףԪС
״̬۷
սֵ465

ϣ
Ƚף
״̬۷
սֵ310


Ƚףʮ
״̬۷
սֵ418

˵״̬ȫҶǰ
ҶһЩɻΪԲôսֵԼ200㡣
һҲȻˣûлʽĲࡣ
ϣأҲǲˣһеٮٮߣԲ˵š
Ҷкøеˣߵһϰǵʱ˳ͻ棬ԾԲưոݡ
ʮأһΪʿսֵ330ңȴǴﵽ418Ȼʮ۷壬һӵһսֵı¡
ǵõԵɫƺЩɵʱҲֻʮأѾͻƣȴǻδͻơ
һֳˣԪ֮䣬ʵĲ࣬Ҷ׹۲ĺϸڽ㳡ȡʱӣܹóɫưɫЩ
ܿǳȡϣʮ̨ڹ㳡棬ʮȶսĶʮˣΪ̭ơ
ҶЩǣԵĶ֣ȻҲԼһˡң
˿̵ҲǴﵽأٶȲԵʱȴһ֮󣬳ˡ
һ£Ǵ򲻹ҲҪһ£Ͼǻй򣬲ɱˡ
Ҳڲɱ˶ѡ
һֳܹԵĺΪ£ԲŻ䣬ĻԵԸ񣬶пܽϵ
ԵֶΣҶ˾ٷǳǣе֪֮
ϺսҲܿ˵Ϊʮ˵УԿŵǰʮûʲôĶ֣ȡʤ⡣
һεıУҶ׵ע⡣
һһ΢һ꣬أ⣬ӦҲҵˡ
ʵǿһ㽫ִ̨Ƚ׸ǴﵽʮأսֵҪߣ437㣬ֻ28ѣಢ̫
һˣΪӣռҵĴӣ츳ǿȽҲʮأսֵ435㣬ز¡
Ҷռҵ˷ͻ㽫ɱ
ңɫһֱΪɫʱ¶ǴɫҶ׺ܲð
ĶһСɽе꣬䣬ȴǱֱӷϵ˵̨Ѫԣֶμ
Ҷף˿Է䣬ܱǣαصֻ֣ܸԼ鷳
вμӳǻ˵ʵҶ׿һ΢΢̾Ϣߡ
ϣк֣ô˵棬Ժúõһ
ʮ˵ĶսΪʣĶʮˣҶ׵Ȥǿһ㲻ٹע
ҶףҲᵽЩǿ̬Щأصʿǳ㽣Ҳǳݣȴûˡ
ǻÿ궼ᷢʮʮ˽սҲֻǹԪٶȺܿ죬һʤ
ʱǰʮѾˡ
ҶϡԡءϡˣǰʮС
صΪȴʮ˵͵ģԿǻ֮ǿĻأٶǰ壬ʱڵһ
ǽ볡гȡʮˣҶ΢΢̧ӵȺУǰ
Ѿ֣֮ǰȺɨӣֻվĵطԼãδ֡
ּҵʱ˵ϣҶ׻μӳǻᣬȻǼǵá
˻ɱҶףȴȫûҲδҵҶ׵ʬ壬Եʱ֪Ҷ׿϶û
Ҷ㳡ǰʱϵҲǳȡ˺룬ϴЦݣں˷˫۾עӣԸ첲˵ЦŹ㳡
һ̧ͻȻԭء
ϤӰԶҲĨȥСʱļ䣬˵ȫûи飬ڿһ̣ϵȻ˲
ݵӰ԰׵ӣ
ˣ
ôˣ
ԼԶ㶣˳Ŀ⿴ȥҶ׵ʱҲһ㶣Ǳ
Ҷס
һһҶͼҶʩѹҶߵʱһӿѹҶס


ʮ ʲô̬
ԽԽҶɫƽԣδ˿֮С
˵ǳϲɱޣ֮ǰѰ㣬Ϊͷ޵û뵽㻹ԼҶײΪ΢΢üֻһ˲չЦ
ûǲ
Ҷ׵ּ˵ϣһμӳǻᣬǹ㣬ˡ
Ŷ
üëһɨҶףЦʮضѣΪ»ҵĶ֡
ƽʵϣѷľˡ
ּҵʱҲ鿴Ҷ׵ΪءϰǵʱҶ׵Ϊء
ʱȻҶ׾Ȼôﵽأ⣬Ͼ˵أʵ̫Ϊˡ
ʱ˿̣еѾԸӡ
Ҳ˵ϰǼҶף˵ּȥ񣬽µʱ䣬ǴشﵽʮأǺεȵٶȣ
ʮض˵Ȼǲ̫⣬ƾҶôɳȥһԼв
ңҶ׷ǻﵱУҲˣǰ߶Ȼ֪ЩԼ֮ԼȥģֳޣҶ׻ôɰš
һҪбҶףѾ׵׵в
ûԲܲμӳǻᣬеȥȡһ£ʱ֪䲻ĶˡҶ̫ߣ֮˶ˡ
ҵƣٶȡһʵ̫ˣңֻҸɣô˵Ҷдһ¶ѣų᲻ͬ⡣
Ҷ׹˵˶ﻢ£ӦҲôӦӦҲôӦ
ãҵҪʮأܹʤң
ԴЦһתŸ̨ȥгϢ
Ҷ׵ȷвȴֻٶϵвΪǹԪСɣҶֻʮأ໹ǺܴġҶײ˵ҲսҶֻʮأ䵤ϵٶȳΪĻǲɱҶףҲ⡣
С˭ѵûпղŵı𣿡
ӦǺйˣԷÿһսȡʤʵǿ˵Ѿﵽ˹ԪСɣսʤѰ
ϰҵĵ̣ôǿ߿ţԾ䶼ѡ
СҲ̫ˣ͹Ԫ֮֮һܴżǸΣԶҲ᲻ΪʮرսʤԪСɣ

˷һҶ׷δţȴԵĴ𸴡
ԶһֱǿܹҶ׺̸ܹ֮һۣȻ֪ʲô
Ƭ̣ƣڶĿ⵱УҶǰ
ҶͷҲ̧𣿡
Ҷף㲻Ķ֡죬˵
ܺԼͳɣҵ鲻ҪġҶ׻ûһ˿飬Ľ·˼ס
ǹԪСɣٶȻܿ죬ڲĶְϻдһĨż
ڹңҶ׺Ȼ̧ͷ
һĬ
ϡ档
ҶԼĵδ򣬷ңʲô̬
ҡ
㲻ǹңֻǸоЩ𣿡
δ˵꣬Ҷױǽϣлл㣬ɣڹúܺáУԼôã㳤Ư㣬ɱԶˡҵ㣬Ǿڣһ
ʲô˼
ӿһĨŭθȫʧˣǳں⣬֪ҶĺǿҶˣҵô˵涪Ҷ׵ã飬һڿ뼥
ûʲô˼Ҷ׵
㡭ߣ
һͨ죬ΣȴôǰҶֱӾܾܵЩĿоЩ̣һҶףԶȥ
Ƭ֮ԴǸ̨ҶףЦѾͬǻ֮㡮д衯ϣ㲻Ҫʧźá
㲻ʧ
Ҷ׿ԣĳһ벻Ļޡ
㶣ȻҲû뵽Ҷ׻ô˵㲻ٶԣҶǰ˱ȣȥ
Ҷ˻ȺпһȻԼǰ˱ȣʵʲô˼
˭֪ǸɵڸʲôЩˣɱ˵ԽԽˡ
Ҷף


ʮ ͻ
ǸСսԣ
̨֮ǰ˵ĿҶϣʱ򣬱ǽҶ׸ָ˳ȺУǴλãܹġ
ǲǳŮһм
ȷǡ
ӿҶףһĨЦݣ˵ֻǹԪСɣһʮضѣ֮رһƫƧɽеļһûʲô߽߸߽սʤԡ
¶˵ľԡ
Ѵô⻰оַԼϰƫƧζ곽Ҳͬûи߽ûи߽ȴʵ˹Ԫô
곽
üǲǾ֪곽糾۹һ곽ǧˣûǵ֣Ϊпģ
Ѵһͣ̾Ϣһû
˵ʵȻüʺСϣҶܹԣɱɱ
ұԼλУϿȥȻǳΪϰǰʵϣô¡
ԱֳǷر츳ĴѧԺͬʱǰ֮š
ϧѴȻǳڷ糾۹Ͻ֮µ˵̫ƫƧҲԼڱһ¶ѣҷʲô涼֪Լôڣ˵˰æˡ

ڸ̨˵ʱǰʮҲѾʼˣһǺԣЩصɫ
ˣСԩҶͷ֮Ҳǲ٣ǻʱ򣬶Ӯö࣬Ӯ٣ȻҲΪĴ֮ס
꣬ΪԼΪͬʵ޼Ҫܣһѩǰܡ
˭뵽Ծһҹ֮ͻƹԪ
ĴѧԺǱģһҹ֮ͻƹԪٲĴѧԺĹϵ
㲻һֱд𣿡
ԶѿоӿֳһĨɱ죬Ҿͺúõĸдд衣
һԣ˵Լϸ𣬵ûֳ޵ĵزɱ˼ȻĴ
öԣֱӳ˹֮ǣ޷Ӱٶȼ죬ֱ
۾һֹ֪ȻˣҶܲȻȫսȥԼȻˡ
䡣
ͻȻһӰһ̨
ˣɫһӰ¶
ܵÿ졣
ͷ飬ϰǺܶ˶֪˿ֱ̣䣬
һЩĻﴫУȴǷδţԼ¶Լ
˵˵ıӦǳʱģɴ˿̣ȴǱʱ̵ģ˶⡣
ҶվȺУﳤȥǷЦݡ
ˣԽԽкøС
ʱĳ̨ϵıҲĻءϡԡ֣ɡ
֣ɣΨһĴˣսֵ366㣬ҲʮأϣǶ֡
Ҷף
ڴ˿̣ԵĴͻȻҶ׶С
ҶһãԻڱ֮󣬲źԼսȴڴ˿̾ͳȣ֪ġ
ͬʱܶҲ˳Ŀ⿴ͬҲˡ
ĿԼϣҶ죬ɫƽĳŹ㳡ȥ
ף
ĳһּҵվĿ⵱¶һĨϲģȴǵǡ
û뵽Ҷ׻û뵽Խ֡
ԵΪѾﵽ˹ԪɣҶٿ죬Ҳ俹⡣
ȺݵӰּɫӣһԲ֪ﶼЩʲô

ͬһʱ䣬֮վĵطԼ¼ңռҵˣҶס
¼ҶҶ׿νǺ֮ǣ˿̼Ҫ䶯֣ϾԲֻ
ҵϣҲһı飬ռҵơպǶҶͻ
ΣСϲû¶⣬ֻǾĿҶףԸȫͬ
ϲϣ֪㲻ӵ֪϶ףҺ֮ǣұ֪⣬Σ


ʮ 㣬޹ϸ
һϲϣ
˵СɽҶҵˣЩϵǶʱˡǰʱ䣬Ҷұ¾ϺԻȥҶҰο飬͵Ķܾˣû뵽ԭǻϲġ
ϰĴμҵĴС㣬ҶҰĻǲСʽ֦ҲԼʲôС
ʵҲô˵һǰǲģ֪ΪͻȻܹˣٶ൱졣
ˣʮصΪŴСҲˣǰ˭Ű
Ҳ˵ġ

ǻ֮һ
ò˵˵ıԣϲ֣ϲֻϲ侮ʯ
ΪֺңҲΪֺԣЩ˵Ǻܸߣһ˴һˣûãϰǵ˱㶼֪ˡ
ΪˣҶ׸ΪȻû뵽Իɣ˵ĻԼóֱֳǣ˵㻰
վԶȻĹĵĿҶףҲ͡
Ҷ΢΢̧ϣ˿ûҪӣʱҲٿƽԣΪ㿴ϵŮˣҶҲ𣿡

˻һжʱһ󲨵ڶĿ⵱дž죬Ȼû뵽Ҷ׻ֱӣ˵ĺܻ䡣
ͬʱɫһ䣬Զɫѿ
⻰ʲô˼ɵӶף
Ե۹⣬̫
˵ϣҶ׻ϣ
ȷ˵ΪҶףѾеĵһŮˣң֮ǰѾǹԪ۷壬Ի֮䣬ܹıǿ󣬱ϣ֪ǿ˶١
ŮˣҶѾȫ䵱İˣպǰּҵʱ򣬾ͱҶΪ侮ʯ
ҶܹҶûбɱǷҲԶף

ɫһȻЦҶף֪㼵ңûмҵʸ񣡡
㣿
Ҷ׷ЦǿЦԣ£һҼʣ˵һ죬㲻ˣһ죬Ҳ¾ֻʣԼϣμңͲܽ㵱̲ˣϵһУҸģûң㹷ƨǣңҼʲô
һڳ˶ƽ
վԶĬĬĿҶףףΪĬԵҶף֮Ļȵɫһһ󣬸ͷˡ
Լμҵˣŭڡ
СҲ㿴ϣģңμҶףһ㶨µ飬˵˵
μסˣһ׳˶ӣԼʮңʵȻǹԪСɡ
ǫΪ磬Ҷʶ
˵˵ô
ҶüǾҺ˵˵ɣøҹסԼ죬ȻҰ˺
쵰
ǫһ˵ǳҶ׳˹
ǫ
ڴ˿̣Զ̨ϴһȣעݣԺҶ֮սģɲμʲô¡
ѳ
ǫһ٣ĿҪҶ׸˺ãԣҧҺúõĽѵѵ֪ߵغСӣ
ǡѵѵĸ֣ҧرأ˭ܹ
ģұض֪֮³ԹһЦ
ҶײѳΪλǴӲԼֻΪǳñ˸Լ֮ս
б͸ҹ㲻ôұ㽫Ÿ˺ãԳҶ׹˹ָζŨ
ҶףҲŮˣϺȻԶߺȳ
Ҷ׿˿㳡̨ǲҲ֪ӽ㣬޹ϸ𡣡
ݣ
ӰҶһԾ̨һ֣˿ȷѾܹˡ
ǳĬıûܹȥʱֹͣĿ⣬Ҷ׺ϡ
䣡
֪ڻϣռ˿ˣԱ㲻ٶ죬Ҷʱɫ¶ƳצֱӳҶؿץ˹
ҶɫƽԪսֵ
צ֮ܲ乥֮ʣҶ׺Ȼ㿪ͬʱ³֣Ѫɫâռ䣬ԡ
֪Ҷ׻㣬³֮ʱҲǴһ³
Ʒɼúóɣ


ʮ ʲô
ɼҶе³
ײǽɼǺȻ³һľӿҪ³ҶиӲקȥ
Ц
Ҷһ³Ȼգ⧲ӱǰһǽɼ³Ħ˻𻨡
һ
ҶҪжţѹãŵʱ򣬾Ҫţ˵벻м̣
飡
ѪɫȻӿҶڹע³֮ϣǳһ𣬽ɼ̲һ£ɿ
ţüͷһ壺㵹ǻе㱾£ܹô죬ӦǵõʲôɣⲢܳΪһɣ
ҶɫƽԣֹעѪɫ˵ɱϱָ㣬ָͷ­
ǿ񱩵µɱɫ׵˿ҲҴ⣬Ϊ֮ǰҶ֮սҶ׸ࡣ
ɽ
ԴһֱӽҸߵʩչ˳
Ҹߵȣϵȣⲻʲôܣɽ˶֪
䣡
ȭͷգҶָָȭͷָܴ
ǣ˼һĻ֣ȭͷҶ׵ָײ֮ʱɫȻ䣬ֱƿ޳ָͬһ㣬ֱӽȭͷ͸һĨѪҺԲ

ǧһ֮ʣȻҧԲ˼ĽǶȷת˫ͬʱ߳Ҷ۶ȥ
ôܣ
֮أڶ֮˶ЦĿ̨ǿԪСɣҪսʤҶʮأ
ǣȭͷ͸һ̣ǵ壬ǲԼͬȻվ
ԣСйŹ֣ɴ⣡߸
Ȼ֪Ҷг˴ȭȫ͸飬ҵʹ̲סҪг
㲻ʮأ
𾪵ĵȫϵȴ׵ң˵ʵôʮؿӵеģ
㲻ҪúõĽѵѵҾվţѵ
ҶԵ˫ȣֶ
Ҫ
ô˵棬Ҷײ㽫ֶ飬ŭڣ緢һ㡣
һתһȭͷСɫԲ֣Բ֮ϣĶۣ˸һһĹ㣬ŷĻȡ
ǰʱŵõû뵽Ȼôõ
ҧгݣһӣԲʱա
ݣ
ͬʱЩ۵УһϸСȻϸ֮£ϰٸһƣ˷Ҷ
ҶɫһΪһ˲ԺУɱ¼ȻϢ
ԣ
սֵ588

ԭȵսֵֻ465˿ȴǴﵽ588Ҳ˵ԲΪ123սֵ

ѪɫӿҶ״߶ӽһսֵǿܵ͡
˵Ƿ
Щ빥Լֻ򲻵ѵֶΣֻҪͲƾЩ䵽Լϡ

Ҷȣڶʩչָ֣ͬΪƣȥ
䣡
Ѫɫע֣ĳȥһ̣һ޴âȻֱ֣ףҶΪģ˷ȥ
飡
ЩӴѪɫâʱ죬𾪵Ŀ⵱Уһɶأ붴ۡ
ȻЩ޻飬ɵľ޴âȴǼûʲô٣ϼǿѹӿȥֲҪ
ôʵⲻܣԿâѹ£Ҫ俹ģâǰͬϣâǾ˵Ĵţֻâ£ȴ޷ֵ
ͬʱԶǫҲɫ䣬ܹܵԼâҲԵֿˣ㲻ҲǾˣ
Ҷףң
ҴȣӰȻ̨֮ϣȨȻҶȥ
ȨϵΪΨһһϵΨ̫ϳϿʹãҲߵݡ
ˣжǽ֪ҶȹԣȨȹҶס
ǣûгֻ֣ҶһգѪɫȻ飬ͬʱӰʮף̨ұܿȨȵĹ
ʲôδ˵ҶױǴȵ


ʮ 
㻹Ҹʲô
߿˿ԣ£ǵ̱ϬҶףвɱ֣ض֪
ɱ֣
˻ܶ˶ԻΪ£ŵֻܿ֡
ߵĺȻ֣̷˱仯
Ҷɱ֣˼ǡԴ򲻹Ҷף㱻һɱˣ
ţ
һԪȻʮض򲻹
ͬʱǿ̨֮ϣĴѧԺһվѴһԵ˫أСһʵԲֹʮأΪûпʮء
ղһԲͨҲסһߵǰԾĵ
ѴҲ¶֮ɫϣҶ׻ԣû뵽ǰˣ
ͬһʱ䣬μǱߣĿҶףΪ־ЩӰҲУû뵽Ȼֽ
µʱ䣬ʮأΪԪСɵԸܣɱһʱ֮䣬ͽܲˡ
ơպԼǳ¼ҼºϵˣҲԭء
ǶҶйӴʵ൱Ҷ׼Ǳǿһ㣬ҲǺܴ
񣬽µʱ䣬ҶױѾܹԣΪϰһеǿߣǶЩ㱡
û뵽㿴㣬˼ȴ˴Ϸֿ٣Խգˣ
ߵ㳡˵˼˻
ƨ
Ҷǲ֪̫ϳϣֱʲôʱ򿴵Ҫɱˣɱ𣿡
ҽƱ磡
ŭȵһȫɱģڷϣԱ
̫ˡҶЦźܶ˶ˣսҵģȥģҷ㡣һܣǿʶ˵ҪɱΪƴ󣬾̫
ңҸûҪɱôǿұйأҿûôĵӽɱ
ҧгݣΪ绹ǳ֮ԻǻĺúõģҶôһ˵ǽȫϣԼ¡
֮λ޴ǣ
Ҷ׼䲻˵۾һգ֪ƴҶֻǹ¼ҹһ˵ʲôʲôô￴ţǲҪƤҪҶҶ׾͵ǵùƾǴã
㣡
ɫͨ죬ϵƤͱ¶˳
ˡ
ѴӸ̨£Це˵˵ȣϾû¡ңȻҶ׳֣ǻ˹أˡ
˵ʱûסЦʱԽҶԽ˳ۡ
л
ҶֱתлߵѴԣڷ˵ʲôƾҴáĻȫԺ
ɵӣֻô˵ѣ봦ء
ܶ˶̾Ҷ׵ĻѴǸôһ̨ף㻯Ϊġ
ͬʱҲɣѴǷҶʲôϵĴѧԺˣоѴάҶס
ˣԵȷûΣգˣ飬˿̻ô˵棬ҲÿҶס
ߺݺݵĵҶһ֮󣬴Ȼ㶵Ա̨
ʣ˷ǻᣬһԣصˣҶĬĬȴǺȻļһ
սҶףҪ˵棬úõһȴǱ߲ɱҵǶˡ
ıѾ壬ءˣ˳˱˷ҫ۵ĽҶɣչֵٶ࣬ҲֻᱻҶ׵Ĺâڸǡ
Ҷǰɣ
ѴһԾ꣬Ц
Ҷͷ֪ҾԲŹԼرԸϴ֮ҪɱԼ죬˷֮ص裬׷֣Ҵ˷൱ڱԼһ⣬Բ
ڻû뿪ϰǣѴȫġ
ĴѧԺ֮˶ǿҶףƬ֮໥һۣǳȥ
ӵʵΪβμӳǻ᣿̨Ѵ£Ҷʵ
ûʸ񡣡Ҷ׵ش
ûʸ񣿡Ѵüͷһ壬Ϊ
šҶ΢΢˵ͷ
ԺƣҪϳˣĻжٵŻᱻûѴ૵
ԣĴѧԺֱۣôСƫƧɽǣܳ곽Ҷ׾ͲˣԣһˣûΪŶǴײˣضǰ


ʮ ޴ջ
ʺܲ˵һЩš
ѴĬһ£ȻܽĴѧԺ֮ˣЦµʱ䣬һشﵽʮأû츳лҲôɣţĴѧԺ϶ǳ˲ŵġ
ԣҶһĴѧԺ˸㶡
Ѵʲô˼ü
ô㲻Ҫ
ѴЦеĵǺãѧԺѾ˳ˣѡѧԺ
Ҳ˼㡭
ӶʱˣĴѧԺע˲ţǴ˷ˣΪ¼ȡѧԺġ
Ҷ׾ʮܹ֮ԪСɵԣǵȻϣֻԭһģȴǲ룬ȱѴһ
Ѵҳ۶ǰɣӼѴЦеĿԼʱȻҡͷЦҶףǸ˲ţҶѧԺʽ㷢롣
ĿƵĿҶףʮزʲôϡ£ɽµʱ䣬ﵽʮأص㣡
ѧԺ
ʥѧԺ
ݺѧԺ
֮һҲվ˳ͬʱһһ߶Ҷǰ˼ԣڷ롣
ҶôɳҲ˵ʥԺ˵ĴѧԺ룬ǶԼ룬˵Լȷʸ񣬵ȻЩλðĸо
Ҫӵϰ
Ѵ۾гһ죬ֵĴѧԺͬʱ룬׽ĸҲʡҪǸô˭Ķ࣬׾ͽĸѧԺɺã
ٶһ㶣ͬʱԼͬĵѴһۣƬ̣ӱ˵ʮżƷҩóģʣʮżƷҩȫ֮ȫͻƹԪСӦò⡣
ǾջˣһϣﵽԪĵһżҲǷǳҪһżǴʵĿԽһ˵סջ
Ȼ䣬ǳҶЦʮżƷҩʲôҸʮţңһѧԺУŮ࣬һ㣬㿴֪ˡ㳤㣬ȥ˱ضǳܻӭ
˵ţָָǳĵŮ
Ůһ죬Ҷһۣĵʴ˿̸ˡ
˵֮ǰҶ׻ܲмڣԸı˿
ֻǷһۣȻǺߣֻԼ֪ǹģ˵㣬ɫҶס
ҶЩ죬ɫȷЩסĵһ˲ĵʧˡ
ַѧԺҲȷûа취ΪʵϣѧԺŮĺܶ࣬ѧԺȲˣѧԱΪ뻪ѧԺѧ˳ѧԺ˻ѧԺУԶʹ
ʮżƷҩݺѧԺҧҧǼΪۡ
Ҷףһ˷ҩѧԺҳѰ٣ʥѧԺұţҩ͸㣡ſڣǾ˼ҵ
ҩ
Ҷ׶ʱ¶֮ɫΪԼҩóˣԼۣѾﵽ̶ֳȣ
֪ÿһţѧԺᾡǳɳ֮󣬴ѧԺĲƸԱѧԺҪ
˻һ˶ʱͣҩѾЩǵˡ
Ҷס
ȻܵҶԣסֱۣһ˫ٲĦҶֱϡ
ͬʱſҶ׶ߣһѧԺһ˫޹Ůͬޣʵ죬ҿԳˮ֮ؼǣ˫޹ָһˣҲ˵ںŮ˫޵ͬʱҲԡԡ˫ޡ
˵󣬺ԽԽСƻ̲סҪҧһڡ
ߵĵҶЩͬʱĵҲһ
ֳ嶯Ů˸͵
ˣգ̲סˡ
ⳤ༫ΪȻĶˣź˵ʱ򣬾ڼƷ
Ҷײ̫̫ͬ࣬仹ᣬɫûôĵֿ֪ȥԼ
һҶ׳лλǰ̧Ҳл׵⣬ǼƷҩҲãҩҲã׶ܽܡ
Ϊʲô
˲ԼͬĿڣͬʱǺԣǶûôĺô
Ŷ
Ҷü٩㣬⻰˼Ŷ˵ĻƺҲ˵


ʮ ɹô
ôܣ
Ҳû룬ȻҶףΪôŮȻе츳ûĳ̶ȣ
Ҿ͵ĳ̶ˣҶٴηʡ
ǿɾҪԺıˡ⻰һתٴδӷŭ˵ЦҴЩȻ֮С
ҶûٽӻãĻ˱ջ˻ѧԺҲһͬޡ
ͬܶϲǮŮһûзչǱ¶Ὣ㿴
Ȼ뷨Ҷϡ
Ůˡ
ףˣҪҾðСŮ޲ǷҩҲǲѧԺ֮ѡ񡣡ѴߵҶǰ
ҶһʱЦΪԼ󰡡
Ѵĺøд˵֪ΪҪԼ˾ǰˣҪôɡ
㻹ûشأ
ӼΪξܾǣΪǸĺôࣿˣҿѧԺֱ֮ӳΪԺӣԺԺǲһģ㲻þɽԺңԺкܶߵȵԼҵҩݼ࣬Լһ˴Ҫǿ
ĴѧԺԺԺ֮˵֪ġ
һ£ĴѧԺȽԺܹԺܹһȥѧԺԺһЩţӸȷѾܸˡ
ӵĻ̳ʹʹɫ⣬һ£ҶףֻҪӦ뻪ѧԺұ˫ޣ
ҶٶҡͷҪĴѧԺҲӦ⣬Ůˣǡ
ǸҶ׳˱˱ȭ
ߣǲ֪ߵغ񣡡
ڴ˿̣ĸȻˣ͸оѾŅ̀Ҷףû뵽Ҷ׾Ȼܾʱʣ̵Ҷף츳ȷǿҪףһУͽѧԺУǲһĸѧԺĺܣԼеĻΣԺܴ󣬶Լе츳۱ߣøԶղģúһɣ
Ҷɫһ䣬ӣвң
ĴѧԺԼûʲôޣҶԼͬԷȵĻֻŻԼҲС
ҿûǸ˼
̯̯֣Цֻڸ㣬Ҫ֪֮ĴѧԺĵʦͬʱ㷢룬Ҹ֮ĺôһʹӦˣƴǡ㼴ǲ룬ҲҪһɰɣ
Ҷ׳Ĭһ£ƴǰóһƣɣô
ǡ
ͬʱƣƵһ̣Ƕͫ˼ĵʥԺ
һ˲䣬ǶǺȻϰǵʱʥԺ֮ˣҾԼˣѾѡһλѧԱԼұȣģ
ˣ
߲֮ǰʥԺǿ˵ѧԱ㣿
ֻˣˣҲˡ
Ҷ΢΢ͷ
һ̣Ǹϲ亹Լǻ㲻ȣ
ֲøôĺôĴѧԺֲõô˵棬Ҷɱֲ֣˿̫ϳϣֱڷƨԭʥԺĵӣ
ʥԺĴѧԺʵ̫˽ˡ
ĴѧԺǷ糾۹İ֮һʥԺ˵һָͷɨǣ
ʥԺͼķԺ㽨ڵ۹У½ϵʥԺȻֻǷԺĴѧԺ֪ʥԺܲ
ʥԺԣ
Ǹû룡
ʥԺǰĴѧԺʲôǣɵӶ֪ѡһ
һʥԺ˵ʮżƷҩʮݶû˻
ʥԺǿ˵Ǹӡҵðˡ
ӻ䣬˸һۣѵǸ
ԡԲ𡭡һ
ͬǵӣĴѧԺĵӣʥԺӣûȣɵӣ֪ʲô˸õʲô˲õ
˵Щ͸㡣ҶĮȻĿŸҪ֪֮ʲôˣ̵ܷġ
ʵϣѾֿ˻ȫû뵽ʥԺȻ֮ĴѧԺ̬ת֮졣
ʵϣŸڣҲ룬ĲУ͸ԼӲģĻͿֹˡ
ҶȻ֪㣬ĳ
СһصĹ
ѴҲһֱڷ㶣˿̲ŷӦЦ㵹ǰҸת֪ʥԺӣҺα˽ʾ˼Ǿһĺô
Ҷ׶ѴǺкøеģЦѳ֮£׵Ĳԡ䲻֪Ϊ˰ңݶ飬׼סˡ


ʮһ ҩ
ѴһЦִ
֪ҶʥԺӣĴѧԺûپ
ֻǣߵʱӻǲģ͵͵ĸҶףܽ붫ѧԺ߾ȫ
ҶҡͷʾܾΣֻȥ
ʥԺܿеˣǰ㾯ԼĴѧԺǴδ˵ģȻӵǱڱֳġ
ȻǱ棬Ҳˡ
ǻĻϰôΨһһûбĳǻᡣ
ĴѧԺֱҺ÷λЩǰμѡ˽ѡΡ
ȺңҶ׸Ѵĵ뿪ϰǡ
·ϣһ񺣵ˣ߲ûп
ĬƬ̣ͷҲصȥ

ʮʱ䣬ҶһֱɽУȥԶĵطҲϰˡ
˿̣뿪ϰǣҶԶȻ޼ҿɹĸо
¾··֪ܶ࣬һ֪һ·ǶԵġ
̾ϢһҶ׽ʥԺ˳룬ʱһĻϻ·ߣһעǾĿĵأ½ʥԺ
֮⣬һЩɢĻƵ㣬ЩƵֱһȻǰʥԺ·
ǰʥԺѡ
ǰȻǳ·ߣϾֻǵͼҲ֪ÿһƵ֮ľжԶܿóʥԺʲôط𣿡Ҷ׿ŵͼʵ
ĬһĻʥԺӦǲڷ糾۹
ʲô
Ҷ۾һɣ糾۹֮ǲڷ糾۹ǱԼҪ糾۹ԼڵٶȣҲҪɣ
ҡ
ֵЩƵ㣬ûв´ÿһӦöǴһ۹
Ҷ׳ĻƵ㣬һа˸ǺڻƵ֮Ҳ˵Ҫ˸۹ܹʥԺ
½ܴ󲻵Ĵе۹нǧÿһ۹ľˣ٣糾۹ڶ۹УҲµȶѡ
Ҷײ֪۹ж󣬵СģԼҲҪһʱ䣬ȴԽ˸۹ʥԺԼ¶Ҫͷ׷ˡ
֪ˣǵȵҾ˰Ҷ׺ڵҪһ죬ѵҪʮĴۣ
Ҳһ
;УΪ϶ٶҲ𽥼ӿ죬˵󷢣Ȼõ˻Ｖĵҩֱ֮Ӵﵽ˱񾳣ǻʾĻ²һ꣬ܵʥԺˡ
ҪǻʾһȥƨʥԺҶ׷˷ۣȻ٩Ļܲð
ţϼһﲻ˵ǵǲڵʮ˲㶼ܰѳʱǴȥҲô鷳
ҶΣҲֻˡ
˸۹·;֮ңԶ˵Ҷ·ߡ
ͼصģһЩƫƧСӦǴǰʥԺ̵·̡
·̣Σȴܶ࣬δ߹·Ҳ֪ʥԺʲôطȴһ·ֻǵãǸطҩȡ
ݣҶ׵Ҳʵķ
ȻȴǴҩΪ½ҩأ֮󣬿۹˵˽˵ģȴкܶ̾ᣬΧһЩݣһ֣̱ϷֵˡֻһЩΪ֪ĵطһЩϡݣЩòġ
ΪΣҶԻʵ
㱿
ͬɽҩȣÿһҩػԽϡҩػޱԽǿҩڲػޣһǿݺ½ĳǿߡ
˼Щ𣿡
ȻУǻʾǿߴһЩʿҩڲɵѾǧˣûӰ
˵ĺɣҶȴ۾ɵϴ󣬲һ
ǻʾǿߡ
ʹҡҡͷҶŬԼȥ룬ԼѹھǸλԶԶҲûá
ҩһҪȥġҶ۾΢УԶ˾ġ
ȷҩȳҩе߾֮ôҲҪȥʲôס׵ҩͲȥˣܵõһЩƷƷǼƷҩҲܲ
ҩҪ糾۹ڵ۹ޣҲΪڶʩӵѹЩ۹ûһҽ仮Լ¡
Լһ˶ҲǸ¡
Ҷһ£ȻһֱôֱʥԺûһô絽ӶȥŪܵõôʵܸ·϶ʲôʱңͿɡ


ʮ Ӱ
Ӷᣬȫ½֮һ
һ仰ǿ
ͬʱҲǴӴ½ʼ񣬾ưܡ˥䡢ʢƽȣԼ۷
½ǿ½Ա
ӶʥԺһ½ⲻǴ˵ġ
˵ʥԺ翣ӶǾȫǽ̤ʵأ˭֪Ĵڡ
ٴΣΪǿΣ˵δӹӶһ
ֻҪˣǱעΪӶԣӶˣ
½ϣҲֻӶԼĳԱԼ
ڶУѾٹ̣ƾ괵Ҳ
ֻҪܹ˭ԳΪӶĳԱǧʽһص쾳Ӳټ
ֻؾ͵𾳵ҲǳֹΪټûܹɡ
˵ǧǰһֻؾӶᣬҲûܹɣȻӶ棬ȥӡ
Ҷ׵뷨ǴӶ֮ȥһӶύһһջţҲǰš
ȻӶ˵͸ÿһ䣬ϰƫƧ֮أûӶὨ
Ӷᣬѩ³ǣȥ￴Ҷգԥѩ³Ƕȥ
ѩ³ǾϰԼнǧҶٶȣҲҪʱ䣬⻹;ľϢָʱ䡣
һǣϰǴʮĴǣ
һεĳǻᵱУкܶˣѩ³ǶΪĴѧԺҪѡѧԱǵ̤ϰһ
֤ϰжƫƧʧ˵˼ɾ˴ţ˵ʺûԸ
ѩ³ǵȻӶģҲӶͼķֹᣬʺҶΪ
Ҷײ֪·ߣ֪ںָ£ҶӰ񱼣

ҹĻ£أ԰׵¹䣬ӳһƬ
ܺܰһƬֻ֣Ҷһп񱼡
ְЩëȻҶܹȴҲоЩ
ٶȲӿ죬ƽϷɱ˿壬棬һ˿ľ˵ıԣδ֪Ŀ־塣
Ȼ䣬һҶķ˿
ҶûںƬ̣һ˫ɴ󣬺ë
յ˵ǰٶǼģ˿𣬿ɷһ磬ᣬȴܹ䷢˿ǰ
ⲻ磬磡
˭
ҶȻתͷȻȻ磬˹죬ܹǰĹԣΪ
תһ̣ܺȻһӰЩӰ£ͷɢԴţģ
Ǿôվվţһһţÿһôôһվ
һ˲Ҷ׸оԼͷƤֱҪըˣһɲǵķУ˼Ƥ
ķ֣ЩˣվţƮţ
ǵ˫Ųûأûһ˿Ϣǳ
ҶŬתһ޷Ϣдĵӿһ̣˵ǳļѡ
Ŭı侲ɽƬ̣侲Ǳһָơ
¹ӳ֮£ԼӰбǡûӰӣ
ǹȻĵҶһһ
ܣ
Ҷ̵䣬йڣֻǹ£Ҳţ
ǣ⻰ԼţҲ˵ûӰӣ̬࣬˵˫أֻƯţûб񾳵ΪԴﲻ
ѩ³ǻԶϰǷΧڣ˵ٽǧıˣһҲ
ңѩ³ǣҪҳ񾳵ǿߣҲ൱ѡ
˵أа֮ΪŨҴ½꣬˵ġꡯеûŨ񡭡
૵һȻһͣȵãӣ
Ҳһ˲İӰԭŵͷ­Ȼ̧Ҷͫһȫͣ͡ǣû
ݣ
ٶȱ죬Ҷ׻ѪɫԶӿΪ֣ɢܡ
ŬĿǰԼȥЩӰ۽⻹ǲʱܹõߵһЩӰֵվ
һ޷ĸɬں֣Ҷ׵ɤ˲ɳƣǱ˸סһ㣬޷ĸо
뾡ӳ֣ǡһȥĿ޾ͷ


ʮ ɷ֮
Ӱ̴棬һףûбӣû۾ûֻͣйͺͺһƬƽǿҵĳͻУҶɲǼ䣬ҪŻµĸо
ߺ
Ȼ䣬һɭĽȻҶ׻飬ܹǴԼųĵط

ֹεɭɭ죬һ˿Ҳ֪ȥˣؼһƬëȻ
Ҷ׼ٱţȻ֣ӰԼԽԽǿĵ·˿ҲԽԽխҪرһ㡣
˵еĹ·
ҧø죺Сӣ治֪˵ûǲãһ·ɷ֮ء
Ҷ˼Ц¾ҶҵһΣڶθеĿ־塣
ʱȣԸҵ׷ɱԼϾˣЩǣ
ǰ콫޸ųҵٶȲУҶ׺

âһǾ޴Ӱ֡
ڲμӳǻ֮ǰⷽ޸Ͼϰǵ˶ӣ޶༫ΪҶײ鷳
۱ҶǽʣĲֵٶȳΪ0
һжѾҪˣҶ׶޳ֵһ̣̳嵽ıϣȵܣ
ЩãȻȻ֪һɫӰʱ򣬾޴岻˶Ҳ֪Ǻ»𾪣ſǴִ㣬ѾӾܣ
˿̣Ҷײпȥ۲ܣ࿴˿Ŀǰͫٶ
ǰľ룬ڱխ
֣
Ҷۣ૵ҵٶȣ˿񱼣гٶĸ׺˵Ƭ֣ûô󣡡
ЩӰһֱվܣôʱ䣬ĹӰûһҲаǧҶײġ
ģǾѭѭԼ߹·
ٶȺܿ죬Ҷױ֮˵ΪѾʮأսֵԪɿ⣬ֻսֵսֵսٶȡ
ʱ䣬ҪϰһЩܹٶȵҶд򶨾ġ
Ȼ޵ٶǿ죬ҶȻǷ֣ܵľɫû˿ı仯

³֣Ҷ׻Ѫɫֱӽһô롣
ĬĿҲ࣬Ƭ̣һöϳĴٶȳС
ҶжʱԼȷѭѭ߹·
ȥԼӵõ
·ѭ֮ƳᱻΪʬ⣬ʶռ
ΪأΪǿ󣬲£ֻ״̬ҼľҶڣһҶı³Ҳù
ӿٶȣҾͲųȥ
Ҷҧҧһޡ
˫һֱɵϴ󣬿ܵĹӰƺΪ־塣
ǰ·ԽԽխֻߣû취Ƴᱻ赲޶ᱻ
˵زԵ޹ʳŨɷ֮ħ֣мɷ֮
Ҷ״˿Ѿܲô࣬ĳڶʩչҪǽһ󷨺俪ƾιҲá
Ũɷ֮֮Ʋ̾Ϣ
ΣѵЩӰɣҶױ˵߹
˻
ڴ˿̣һ޵ĴϢＫΪֻޱܵͻȻɭĴϢҶһ
ǴϢԽԽԽǾڶߡ
󣡡Ȼȵ
ҶһĲ󿴣ǴޱһԾ£̧ͷޡ
ֻһӰޱƯţӰȫɺɣЩ͸ЩɫӰȫһ
ǣӰļΪߴߣҽϴһ˫ɫսѥ۾ܿһ˫âԼ
ɷ֮꣡
Ȼⲻܣ˵δ˵кرô۳ɷ֮꣡
Ҷ״˿Ѿ˲ʲôɷ֮ˣֻǸоԼһ̣ȫܶ֫ӲѪɫױѹڡ
ĿⲻתֻǶǺâоԼԺһƬ硣
ʶģֻһɫӰ
޾ɱҶԺӿһӰ۳ɳֳֽǹ̤սѥ˿紵ɢ˫תÿλӳͷ­ժ¡
ļ䣬ʹ࣬ȴǡ
ףıҶԺ
ȻδʲôãҶ׵ĿⷴУǵӰԽԽԽԽ


ʮ ɹâ
Ҷף丽ⱲӾˣ
ǳȣҶû˿Ӧŵ㲻ĸױ㲻Ҷұ𣿣ڵ㣬Ҳڵ㳬Խѵ㣡
ϼһ
ɳƵȻɭɷٶԣҽӶ֮󣬵һˣ
Ӷ壬ϷҲù˿塣
Ǿԡ
Ӱͣȷ˵
֮󣬺ӰӰһֱӳҶڡ
УҶף㱳Ѫ𣬺ܶ鶼ȥô壬ĸףҶҵˣھȪ֮ҲᰲϢģ
ǻãҶ׵˫ֺȻˡ
Ȼʧǣ˵ˣҶס
Ϊ̫ͣʱţҲ㲻
ʲôҶҵѪ𡭡һġ
ٵ϶ˣ
ĵһ״̬״̬֮£ɷ֮ǿģ͵ֿˡ

ڴʱҶؿͻȻйâ˸ǹâ߲֮ɫֱҶڡ

ΪĲҽҶڴһ̣ǺӰȻҶڴ˳ֻǴ˿̵üΪãЩɫ
ţ
ϲ߲񣡡
ݣ
Ҳͬһ̣Ҷ׵Ȼܳٴޱϣȵߣ
Ȼ˿̵ҶףѾ˹
ܰɫӰһȫʧǱѾխĵ·˿ҲǱÿӰվδ׷ʱҶڳ֡
ྪδˣתͷһۣ¹ɣغǲ԰ףܰһƬûһʲôûз
һ亹Ҷͷϵ䣬˿̵ŸоѾȫʪšˮ
̫ˡҶš
ͣϢһٶ޵ıԶȥ
Сӣ󰡣Ҳϲ־߲̾ǿߵõδʹùΨ㣬ԶסȻ㶨ᱻɷ֮ɣҲˡ
ɷ֮꣬ô£Ϊʲô׷ˣУֻһƬƽС֣Ϊλᷢ·飬Ǵδ˵Ҷһ˺ü⣬еҪ֪
ϰǵѩ³ǣǴѩ³ǵϰǣҪƬ֣Ҳ޳˵··Ѿ꣬ﲻҶ벻ףΪνջһڴˣΪΣᷢ·֮¡
һ˼شɷ֮֮꣬ɷ֮۶ΪΪǿܹѹƣУƷױؿΡ
ôǿҶ𾪵
š
ͷ˵س£Ȼɷ֣֮Ȼɷ֮۶ġֻһܣǾмɷ֮Ｔ͡
ɷ֮аϵĶ
ʲôҶ׵ɴ۾Щš
Ųţⶼġ㲻ˣʵǵõɷ֮Ҳѹˣᱻ䷴ɡͬʱͨ£Ҳһ䣬պõĶٺãҲҪסĻԸҪ𣿡
Ҷ΢΢ͷŲŴӹŹرһ⣬Ȼ׵ĺܡ
׷㣬Ϊ߲ԭ֮ǰ߲һң˵ɷ֮겻ᣬܵİɫӰˣ·򿪣ֲ׷Ž͡
֮ǰǻ˽ƬС֣ǡȥˣ
˵˴Ҷһ亹ϮϺ󱳣ΪԼѾ³ԭֻǲ˵
ֲ̫Щ˵У뿪ˣˡ
ҶƾޱܣһȻó߲񣬺ݺݵһڣأԵ㣬ӽ춨ɥȪˣ
ͬʱ߲޸Լģ˿ͷ񱼵ޣһˡ
𣺡
ˡ
ڴ˿̣֪ԶĵطȻһ
ǽ봫ݵ˶һ
䣡
ĹâȻܳҶ̧ͷǹâҫڵҹɫиۣɣ
һ̣Ҷ׳׵ˡ
δ֮ĳ棬âɣҪǿΪܷ
ǹâδʧҲδ䣬Լٶȣﱼ
ǿˣȻ
Ҷɫһ䣬̵ޣҸط
޺ңҶ׻ҪһĴʯ鴦ȥ
ص㣬Ҷ׺һƬƽ̹Ҳûбĵطˡ
׻˵ȣ̱ܿ


ʮ ԩ·խ
˷Եʮ㣬Ҷ׶УֱȵʥԺ񾯸ĴѧԺ˻Ҫǡ
ͬǣǻﵱУһ˿ҶѾѡеġ
ɴʱ˿̣ҽ٣˵ֱӳǳ⣬ν˵ȡǳ֮˶ѡ
ң
ŴҶɫ˲һ޷Ƶɱ޴ĵױϯȫ
ʲô
Ҷ˫ȭգĶǵɹâ𲻽ѵմܳҪѨꣿ
ɱҵĸףɱҶ£ٶˡҶͬҧһ㣬ܹ֨
˳̫ˡ
˵ҶΪλţ󲿷ֶΪ˸Ҷұ𣬸ĸױΪֹռĿꡣ
ˣ
ٶȺȵġ֪ɱҶңɱĸףҪڵʵǰ׻ңǧ꣬Ҳǧ֮ǰһλ۷ǿߣҶ꣬ݴѹ飬ӦǴﵽǻʾԿԻھͺԣ𣿡
ҿ֪ܲţĻᣬɳ嶯İ˼ɡ
Ҷ׺٣кâ˸˫ָȴ֪ʹ
ǿԼ侲ΪԼΪʱܿ⡣
ҲٶܣʯͲǶܵĵطϣڵ£һĿȻá
âᴩʣҶͷҶ̵ͷޣǰС
ԼĶ·죬ҵע⡣
ȻԸΥǹâɹ֮󣬲֪ΪΣǺȻ˻
ҶɫһȻޣ̿񱼶ȥ
䣡
ɹâУһⶸȻֱܳӺҶǰʮס
ը죬Ҷ׺޵ӰͣסĿȥһֱʮףԼʮ׵ľ޴Ӷ֡
Сһʲô
Щ٩ʴ£Ҷ̧ȥֻһŰµӻƾն̤ʣһ֮£׵ľ룬˲һ㣬ܿҶǰ
֮ǰҶ׻ƲסԼ˿̣ʵ壬Ҷ׷
ɹâȻƯ˷ǰֹԼ
ƾնܹУʵҲڱ񾳣ΪˣһƱҶʮΡ
Ҷһʶҵǿ
ûܣֻǺȻһ£ԲŻǰУеǰ֮ǰຣҶױȭΪĵ
Ŷ
ӿ˿Ҷףֿ˿ޣ۵ΪʮأޣȴǹԪɣƾ
ûҵĻ顣
ǿѹɢǹѹҶףֻǿѹԶ
صĽ˼Ҳ֪ӲǣЩ¡
ƭңһʮصļһƾʲôùԪɵΪ飿ɫһǷŭͱˡ
ѣһβ֪ˣҼæҽΣԴˣһֱˡҶ׿ޣĿ⵱¶͡
͵٣Ȼﲻ棬ޣȷĻ顣
𣿡
ӶҶ׿һɫ䣬΢΢һЦҲˣʵĲǴ£Ӻζ
ҶĵһȻˣг˼𰸡
شңӺȻȵ
ϰǶҪȥѩ³ǡҶ̵
Ƿ񾭹˷Ƭ֣ɷʲôֵ£ָ󷽡
ҶҡҡͷȷƬǰδʲôֵ¡
˵ѣ
ƺȻҶʲôԽĳƣ侾ס죬ȵֵɷ֮лۣزɷ꣬߹ȴ˵û£ΪҲɱ㣬Ҫٵ
ǰҡûʲô°Ҷɫ¶壬æ
𡫡
޼Ҷױץס֪תвĺ
ԪޣҲҶҴУұ죡
ӵץסҶףһֻһĳ
ֵֻ̫ܵһֱӵ˳ȥҶйѵҾ޴˿ԱĻ֣֮ʱѾһϢ
һĻҶѣΪںޣ˵˵ĻǾҶΨһˡ
âͫ׵һǱӣһ˲ʧȥ
ǰûѣ˵֮аʮصΪӵóҶ¶ɫҪһ㡣


ʮ Ϊ
Ǿҿа飬Ƿڣ
ЦһҶ׵Ŀ翴ϣҶ׼棬һȻ
ǰҶæ޺ܸоڵѪɫҪǹӿС
ޣԼܣԼѪ𣬴˿ȴֻڳġ
˵ӱʮ겻ʮʱ䣬˭֪Ҫܶٵʹࡣ
㣬鷳ʲôһʮصļһѣ½ضǣʱȥ֣
ڴ˿̣ȻǹâдŮ٣̣
δˣˣȻ᳤
ֻǣٺЩȴ˼벻м˵Ǻںͬһ㣬ҶУҪǿٶŨһЩ
˲䣬Ŀⲻһģ΢ЦСȻˣȻ
ҶһӣЦСһҸղŻŻѡֻʮصΪ½ʵ̫̫ˣϣ´μʱ㲻ʬ塣
лǰҶæٴι

ƺΪˣЦһŲ̤һ죬âС
ԶȥĹâҶɫ𽥱䣬૵´μ棬ʬ壡
ⲻų̣躹ޣûа취
֮ǰı֣̫ˡ
˿̲Ÿҳ٣ܣԭһ߱ǡԽܣǾԽм٣Ҳ緽ǰˡ
ҶûᣬǵǰʲôΪ
񾳳ڡԼʮģǿı䣬ҲδϻͯȷʮӦǸոͻƣû̫ȶԪ黯״̬䣬ܴﵽ񾳣츳Ѿˡ
ڵ״̬㹻ݡҩǷԽɱҶʡ
ܣԥ
ҶһоЩţʵֻ״̬񾳶Իɱ۷ʱڣʲôΪ
Ԫ֮ģ˵ʲôΪ٩
ֻ֪Ҳʥ򾳣֪ľΪҶҡͷͬʱ˵߳ȥˣҪơ
ʵԼҲ˵׼
̾ϢһŵұѴﵽʥ۷壬ͻƿ쾳ȴͻƵɲǣѹƵһ˲䣬ڶͬʱ֣Χ˲ҵ壬ҪɽǴҵ壬쾳Ϊǵ䵽ʥ۷壬ԣҲ֪ҵͻƻûͻơ
ôߣ
Ҷײţǲš
˵ǾѾǸ߸ϣ˾ǻʾһ˸ǡ
֮ϣʥΪһĴڣ֣ؽ˰Ĳ
쾳Ǿڴ˵ˡ
˵ͻ˲ǣֻԪ֮Ļδ㱻壬Ż䡣
Ϊʵ
˵˿̻ӵʥ۷Ϊûʥ۷ʵ
˵һģûݡҩ֧֣꽫ǳһûиҶףȻʥ۷ǰаԵ
˵ƣҶһֱк֣ĻôôֵΧ£״̬롣
˶ûٿڣǻ˵ʱĳҶܹоֺ֮⡣
Ҫ˵Լ޼Լ壬ţֻꡣ
첽ߵߣֻѪ޴͵ҲѪƺ˵ࡣ
ĵطֻһ֮ңԶһ㣬УԴʱ״̬ǻ
ң
ҶԽԽǷŭ޵壬ȴǺް취
˿̵ϸûһҩҩ֮Ķ޷ҽΣֻš
ô죬ô졭
ҶͻȻЩˣûκ˿ֻΪʱЩڣ֪ˣαؽճȵĵɽöá
ɡ
Ƚ֮󣬾ѩ³֮Ұ취ҽΡ

Ҷ׺ݺݵͷ֮¿񱼣ѩ³Ƕȥ
ʲôʧȥ֪֮ϧ
һֱҶߣҶϰָоƽûôںʱ˿̣ʱȥӣвԽĳ鴤
Ҷ׵У޵ĵλѲ֪ޣֵܣˡ
ԷֻŻɵĳвɡҶа˵


ʮ ѩ³
Ҷױ·ûûҹıܣֻڳ׺ľ֮󣬲ŻͣϢƬ̡
;У޴ĹâӼΪңԶĵطĿ궼ɷ֮֡
ֻǣûٷ⣬û˶֡
˼ȥҶ׸ӵĺޣ˶ûжԼ֣ΨңʵŵĲһ
֮һ޴ĳǳӳ
ǽĳȿͷ߶ȱжʮףڼߵĽ濴һư磬ΰĸо
ﲻ˷Ϊǰѩ³ǡ
ѩ³ô
Ҷ૵Ȼô
ѩ³ǵ治ϰǿȵģƽ˿ڣϰһξٰǻʱҪ࣬ÿҲǰϰǵʮ
ǱϾǴǣǷҲǼ࣬Ҫ20Ҷϻ18֮ǰġ
УǵصӿУôֵĵطҶЩӦ
ܵĿһͨʿҲڵϰ̯ŸƷ
Ҷߵһҩĵ̯ǰֻϰ˸ָҩԼģûģȫС
Ҷ˵ǺƽˣһЩҩɢŨŨҩ㣬ȻҪϲ١
˵ֻҪҩƵҩˣҲҶ̯λǰԭ
СֵܣҪҩ̯һӽʮӣһźɫӺǰۣҳ಻ÿ˵ĵһӡûʲô̫ĺøС
ǿҶ׵ͷЦСֵܶЩҩˣ۲˵󻰣ѩ³ǵУǡٱ͡СĶʵݣҲˡ
Ҷ׿˿ôŶԷĻЦô
1̯Ц
1
Ҷüļ۸ϰһģѩ³Ǻܴ󣬾ҲǿҶ׾ӦÿԱһЩǡ
ЩˡҶҡͷתߡ
Сֵܣ߰
̯ʱˣֵҪĻҿԸһ㡣
Ҷûлͷߵһ̯λǰʵô
СֵܣȻǻ۰
̯һЦ˵䲻ţĻѩ³ǵУˡٱ͡С̯λʵˣ㿴ƷʶߣӨ͸ҩŨһʵڼۣ1
ͬĻҶȷ֮ǰ˵ԼǴţ̯Ѿţ
1ѹ¼۸Ҷ׻Ǿòʡ
˼̯λͬļ۸񣬶ǻＸһģһ
߻ԭأǵһ̯ҶˣæֵСֵܣػתһ飬ˣҲԵÿ9000Σ
Ҷһ¶Ц⣬̯λȥ
8500
ʲô
۾һɣСֵܣ˵̫߼ȴֵƴŪģ̯λҲˣһ㶼ˣһӽ1000ѾǺʵˣѹ˰
8500Ҫ10šҶ΢Ц
10ţ
һ˼һҧҧаɣֵô֣ҲСǾ8500
Ҷ׶˵ͳ81Ʊó15000ֵƱ˹ȥ
պҶ˼ҩԸˣ4
Ȼû뵽Ҷ׻ЦĶϲ£ˣϾﾺ̫̯λ֪٣࣬ƽҲûң󲿷˶ȥٱˣ̯λ塣
ˡҶ׺Ȼʵǰٱʲô
֪ϰйӴʲôٱȴδ˵
еĵλ侺ģҲȥ
ٱ㶼֪ɴ۾ǾȣСֵܣһѩ³ǣ
šҶ׵˵ͷ
ֲءҲ԰ٱ鲼½ںܶĳǳ涼зġ૵
Ҷɫһ죬ǰٱںܶǳ涼зЩǳأٶѩ³ֵΰɣ
˵һȫȫӣ˵ٱˣѩ³ֳǳأǵһҰ̾ΰء
ٱڴ½ϣѵõļоҵвͬ⣬ҪжĶܴ࣬Сֻ޵⣬ǴҪĻǹ壬ٱǱ
˵꣬룬أЦţǡ̫вˡ
Ҷף


ʮ 鵤
ҩϣҶûеʱ䣬ȥѰҿջ
ǰˣһֱ֮뾡ˡ
Ѱ;УٱͻȻҶ΢΢̧̤롣
һƬˣԲʿĳԺȡ
ֳ棬Ҷײ㶣˳ȥٳϿ˿ŷ֣ԭڡٱԱߣšջ֡
ż˸⣬֮ǰҶ׽ʱ򣬲δ˸Բû֡
ٱջҶЩȡ
ٱ࣬Խܶҵջ¥УȫУУ١
Ҷ׵ͷãʡҵˡ
100ӿһ󷿣Ҷ׽ŹغãóԼŹҩ
ǰ޷ųɡ

âǾ޴ӰֶֻǵһκķҶײֵͬٳһֻǵһη㲻òˡ
޻Ѫ˿Ѿ̣һѪϣżȻʹࡣ
˫΢Ϣ޴Ӷ˶ȴǷǳ
˵ֻܱ
һĻҶٶȷ죬ۡ
һ£һκõġҶ׸һ壬
ɫ¯֣͸ҶƮ
ţ꣬һԪֱָӸҶҪҩ
ҶûԥͽЩҩȫóںˣ˿ӷԸ򿪵¯ǣĻЩҩŽС
֮⣬ҩʲô̫ϡĶԪͻݶһЩҩĵطɼЩ⣬Ҫں߷ܹҵ
Ƭ֮󣬵¯ðɫ϶ײʱ˸⡣
ܿ죬ǴԴˡ
Ҷ׼æǴ򿪣ֻ¯һСѵİɫĩǰΡʧˣ
ʧܵʱ𣿡
ȻƵģǵҩǵۣ㽫ЩóͿĨ޵˿ϣϵġ
ҶŻȻϾǺųȫ½ǰҩʦƷʵĵҩʧܣǿ϶ڴţƤ
СĽЩóҶָպţͿĨϵľ޴˿ڡ
Ȼ۲࣬ҲҪĸطĨϣЩ㹻ġ
Щʹڵϵľ޴΢΢鴤ûзƾҶΪˡ
˵ͬʱҶҲǿ˿ⵤ۵ԣӾֵͲֵֻˣעţٶȼ졣
ԭΪֻҪƳĶӾֵԼֵڿƺ
ţʮ꣬ĸԪֵָֻ
Ҷһ㶣ҪƵۣ
ƵҩҲܵ˴ˣҪµҩƾЩͿĨĵۣҽڵơ͡
ҶæշԸЩҩŽ˵¯С
ûãŵҩǳǰÿһţŵҩȥ֮ӦÿԻָˡ
䣬ֵ˵޻֡ޣ˵ɱǣӦüΪʹŹ֡ңͷѾǣ֪ģΪλô㣿
Ҷ׸ǲ֪ԭ򣬵ǵݶ飬̶̼ദߵĵλѾ˿ĳ̶ȡ
ϣ֮⣬ҲֻޣҶˡ
һˣǱǷá
ǣ㲻и飬˵Ӵˣ˫ǵһΣǶ𵷹˶ĸԸ֮󣬷ûҶɱġ
Ǹŵ
Ҷ׿ǷøûзϣȻһμ棬Ҷ׿϶ܹԽԼʱҪɱҶף˳Ľڡ
ҡҡͷ˦е˼Ҷóһŵҩι޷£һţɱ¼̴ݳԡ
鵤Ʒҩ
ҩЧˡ
ֵ+350
ֵ+45

ƷҩУǼƷеļƷ鵤ȴȫԳΪƷҩе۷ˡ
Ҷ׶Ϊӵǵ㾭ֵǲںҪǲֵ
һЩֵԱԺΣҲԳ֡
˵ĺѾˣ
ϵֻ࣬ȫȥҲֻôһ鵤ҩ
ҪǰѭˡҶа


ʮ ż
νѭȻҶϰǵʱ򣬹Ƶҩֽҩȥ׬ϲۣȻٹݣ
Щ鷳û취Щǿ߻һ֣ǧߣҶûǸ
Ĩϵۺµҩ֮󣬾Ǳ˯ˡ
ҶЩжһҲԼˡ
޶඼Ƿǳģǰʱ䣬Ҷ׶ңȴǵҶ׵˯ˡ
Ѿȶ˵ʱָܹҶײٵġ
͸ù滮һԼˡ
ȣҪҩƵҩֵܲ
ΣҪѰӶᣬ
鵤£Ӷһ㶼Ǯңӣǳ1öԶһ15ӡ
ȻҲôԣҲйĶӶӶӶֻȡеѡ
ҶΪ佱ȻǮңҶҲûġ
һ£Ҷ߳ţغãȻ߳˿ջٶ֮ǰϳӵ̯֮ǰ
Сֵܣ㣿
̯һҶף۾гһ죬춼ϲ£ˣЦΣЩҩ
ҶһοʮĶѾˡͻ
š
Ҷ׵ͷѡԼ鵤Ҫҩģˡ
̯ΪҶҲҪʮû뵽ֻǻ˲򣬲ЩСʧ
뷨Ҷ׿ɲںصջ޻ûѣƳһ鵤ٶ߳Զȥ
ҪҵģС
ǰٱ˵ҲǺͬȵλĴڣҶϰǵʱ򣬵һνӴУ˵ıԡ
ңоջ̫Զʮұ㵽ˡ
ѩ³ǣģǱϰǴ󡣡Ҷ߽ڣ̾
ܰڷƷȫʿõģҩȵȣһţļ۸Ӧˮġ
ҶȴǷ֣ĵҩ١
Ҳǣϰǵʱ򣬵ҩͷǳټԼĵҩҲôֵǮˡ
ܿ˿Ҷߵһҩƿ֮ǰдǣǧ֦
һƷҩƷǲˣҶ׾ȵǣڿ߼ۣѾﵽ23000
һƷҩ23000
Ҷ׺ȻãԼԴˣΪϰǵʱԼƷҩȴֻ˲
ңϵıǩⵤҩ۸ƺơ
ˮģǷеУΪ
ž˺ܶΪֵ֮˭ļ۸ߣⶫ˭ġ
ⵤҩѾʮűǩǳ۵ıǩǳܻӭ
ǧ֦Ʒҩ
ҩЧˡ
ֵ+150
ֵ+15
ǧ֦ԣ鵤һࡣ
Сֵܣǧ֦ˣҶͻȻһŮ
ҶһЩϤȴһʱ벻
תͷֻһ͸ģ欣༫ŮЦԼ
ͬʱһ㶣ͬ㣿
һ̣˱ͬʱЦҶ׵ô
ôӨӨ۲תЦݾĶǣ㣬Сܵܣúϰţôܵѩ³ˣ
Ϊ٩ƺҲЩСˡ
ӨӨҶ׵ӡͦģſӰһʱûϳϾʵ̫̫ࡣ
ҪٽСܵˣԽסҶǳ˳˵

ӨӨЦ嶶ǰһԷҲ㿴㣬أСҽСܵʲô𣿡
ߡҶ׵
ҲҪУӨӨһЦСܵܣ㿴ǧ֦ˣûϵҪǿϣ㡣
㻹˼˵
ҶüëʱֻƷҩҵϰƷҩȴֻ17000Ǽ̣
Сܵܣôô˵أ
ӨӨǰһ㴫УҶײһڣš
ϰǺѩ³ǲһģĵطۿ϶Ҳܸߡô˵ɣҪǰŵҩõ׻ȥ۸»ҪһɲֽܹŶӨӨ۾Ǻÿ
ҶһȥˣɫĵֿǺܵ͵ģӨӨǵɫ
ˣҩʦǧ֦ԼƾͿԣʲôӨӨʲôɻĵ
ҲҩģҩġҶ׵


ڰʮ 5
Ŷ
ӨӨ۾һԴϲʵСܵƳµĵҩˣ
Ȼֳƺܲð쳤ӨӨϣֲܸı䣬Ȩû
ʲôҩأӨӨĵ
Ҷһóһҩƿװǿ鵤
дָӨӨûп鵤ͻȻʵ
ʶ㣬ּóдָ
Ҷûзϣ㿴ŵҩǮ
ԺҪƺҽŶ߽ӨӨҲԵϵ׽ңϲ˽ҽˣҪСһ㣬Ҫ˵һļ۸һЩŶӨӨҶףЦŵ
ҶӣԼûôÿɣӨӨΪλ˵ĶԴԼ
ѵǡԸ񣬾ôţ
ӨӨӨ㡣Ҷǳ鴤˺üΣƺһɫ൹ûʲôԼûʲôʧ
ϵ
ӨӨһЦù鵤Ȼɴ󣬾ȵĵ鵤ƷƷĵҩˣ
ϴμҶףҲһ֮ǰ˵ҩʦ֮ĲλֿǼΪϽģÿһֵҩҪõҩϼ¼ŵҩƷӨӨǺףϰǵСطǺҩġ
۰ɡҶ׵
ⵤҩأǷϰҲ4˵ұߵļ۸񡣡
ӨӨָʺ˵촽ϣתƬ̣šɣҸ45000ܽһİɣҸ5ô
ٽУ
Ҷ۾գգһ5000ô㰡
ӨӨ㡭һΣеƺûôᣬҲûôİˣҶ׻Ц⣬ڴĿӨӨ
Ǻǣõܵܣ
ӨӨҶ׵ӣǼΪˣţ͸ȥƱ
ۿӨӨȥҶһ
ͷβŮڰŪԸ񲢲㣬ףɲô
5000ϼҲ㰡
û뵽鵤ļ۸Ȼ֮ߣ3࣬Ʒҩôô󣿡Ҷૣʵϣڸ˵
ٺ٣㲻ҩʦȻ
ֻƷҩĵҩʶЩĵҩ¾ͲôΪˡҲӦ֪½ϣʵͨûңĹõĶǿ֮ĽףôҪҶȻҲЩ˵Ǯ
Ҷ֪һʯڻҲɹ
Ҷ״δ񣬼ּҲûУ֪ܶһٵľֵ
ָˣҪóˡ
ӨӨ˼˭͸˭ôܾãŮ˲򵥡Ҷ׵
СѾͷݶȻ򵥣ϰǵסҲܡΪʲôôá
ͣһ£ŵֻ˵̫ǳҶҩʦоᣬƷҩԭ򣬾ֵó5000İˡңΪûй۲ﵽʮص飬һϴμ棬Ŷ೤ʱ䣿ʣɲһܹġ
˼ǡ£ң
Ҳֻ֪ҵĲ²⣬Ҳĳ̫ÿˣûÿ
Ҷף
Ƭ̣ӨӨԶ磬˫ҡڣ߹ͬʱɢǶ˵ջ
ҶգգۣϽĿԶ
ôǲԸ⿴㣬Ǿý㳤òƯӨӨߵҶǰӲĸת˹٩
Ҷһ䣬ЦĺǿԸ⿴ҲƯ
Ǻǡ˵ˣƱ
Ҷ׽Ʊӹһ5ֵģˣЦлӨӨ㡣
Ǿ仰ԺкõĵҩõԸ߼ۡӨӨ˸ǰһԱ˷ӿҶֱ
ջң
Ҷ뷨
ûٶ˵ҶѸȥˣǰ꾫Ե
ӨӨʲôݣԼʲôݣҶ֪ż˵ڶΣҶ׾ԲΪӨӨԼˡ
ڣǼ鼴
ӨӨⲻڣȴʵʵڵĺô
ҶǱıӰӨӨһЦСһܳƵġ


ڰʮһ ʧ󣡣
Ҷûлؿջٶӵ̯֮ǰֹһ鵤ҩ
̯ɻΪҶײһ˵ˣαô鷳
Щ˶ĺܣʵʣʵĲȥʡ
صջܿҶƳ鵤ֵҩûʧֵʱ
˳㿴˿ޣȻûѣϵ˿ھȻѾʼˡ
Ҷĸһ壬΢΢һЦٶܵ档
ôˣǰ꣬ӨӨɻĵ
Ųʮӵʱ䣬Ҷٴһ鵤ǸղŲƳġ
ʮصΪ鵤żӣ
ƵҩǺΪйصģӨӨǳ
ӨӨ㣬ֽһǲǡҶգգ۾ڴ
ӨӨһָһҶ׵ĶͷЦСӣԴתĺܿãԡԺ鵤5ˣ
ӨӨ㣡Ҷ׸˵ĵ
õƱȥҩȻ
ѭһֱʮεʱ̯鵤ҩˣҲʵ̲סˣʵСֵܣػضʮˣ鷳
Ҷҡҡͷ뿪̯λ
ôܲ鷳ûа취ҩ͵ҩ֮Ĳֻ17000ҩģֻ˵ҩҩҩҩܹѭ
鵤Ĳۣ׬һҩǮΡΣԼʱҶ׾ÿһζݣˡ
̯ҩ֮Ҷ׬ҲѾ28
һ첻׬ôͨһʮˣҶ˵
ǰɷĵҩƣҶ׳һ£ֵ׬Ǯģ
ȻСЦƷҩˣҸһҩıȥҩÿһݵļ۸Լ10ҡ
ôࣿҶ׵ɴ۾鵤ֻҪ32000ƷҩĳɱȻ鵤֮࣡
⻹ࣿҸ˵ˣ⻹ֻĵҩңҼƵġԪֻƷ͵ȵĵҩѡ
ҲõģƷҩƷҩļ۸񣬳ɱߣȻҲߣ׬ȡĲۣһҩǿԵġ

Ҷ׵ͷ˵ǲƷҩ׬ȡĲۣҲ鵤Ļ粻ȥ鷳
28Լĳɱһ鵤Ҷһ30ǰ˵Թݡ
ҶҲûƸ߼ĵҩǮٶȻ죬ûгɱǣ
΢һƷҩҪ40İǮ
ٴιǸ̯λ̯Ǻݺݵĳ鴤һ£СֵܣЩҩѾûˣû취Ū硭죿
áҶҡͷǹЩҩģһЩ
Ŷ
̯ɫһϲǵǿԣ㿴ҩƷֶǡ
ͲҶװҩȫأ׬ˡ
Ҷ׿˿бϵҩѾˣ΢Ԫݸ3꣬׶3ʳڵ3ţЩˡ
ԪҪҩƷû鵤ôӣҶ׾ܼס֮ԸгΪϲֻһֵҩ
ҪƳԪ̯߸Ҷҩʵ
Ҷһô֪
ȻҲҩʦҩҲ֪Ԫ͹ԪҶǳңƺʲôܣܶ˶֪
̯ЦԪ֮ͻƹԪ֮ʱãһļܹͻƣҲܹƷҩԭʵҩЧûж٣ܹͻƣֻܹƷҩĲΡ
㵹סҶ׵ͷ
ܶ˶װ̯Цŵݹҩҩһ31ôණҲǺó͸1ʡ˰ɣ30ͺá
Ҷ׶ʱЦˣһֱҩҲûкô̯ѾѼ۸ѹܵˣʡԵȷǲ
صջҶ̽ҩӴָ˳
ɫĵ¯ƯҶ׽Ǵ򿪣һҩ
ȫϾͺãʡô鷳
ҶüôĶ˷˰
СӣڻϷ
̼ˣԸ߰ݲñ˲Լ
Ҳ㴵ţƤϷ£Բʧܵģ
˭ƻԪʱʧֵġҶ૵
ʧʧ󣡣


ڰʮ ǮѺ
ðɣʧ󡭡
ҶƲƲ죬ܲͬڣȴҵæķԸҩȫŽ˵¯С
һ䣬¯⣬ƣʼ
ҶһֱԻΪȴ壬ʱ˲ʱȻǽƵģҶ׸ûиܵ
ǰʲôƵҩҶ׿ʵ
񡣡
ԥǾⲢʲôܣֱӵҩһֱΪҩʦƵҩǾʹشҲǺܶ˳Ϊҩʦԭ򡣡
񣿡Ҷգգۣʲô񣿡
ΪأΪ飬ΪԣҪԼȥ򡣡
һ£ȻЦ˵ҲҪҽ̽㣬ܲܳΪҩʦ
ððҶ̴ӦҩʦҶԼм洦ѧܾˡ

һɫľڳ֣Ӧһֱ굱еġ
͸״ҶҪȥץȥ򿪣ȴֱӴ͸˸ա
Ҳ㣬û츳Ȼ̾
Ҷһⲻˣ͸ľᣬ˭ץסɣοˡ
ΪǳΪҩʦķһ˾ᣬʲôûУϷۣԿɽץסܹΪҩʦ㣬ͲС
⡭
ҶȻЩƽոϣôˣ뷨ͲԼ
ҲܣʱѾ̣˽һЩܿԺܺãԼЩܿ
ڸ˵ҩʦʲôģ翣вţԺ㴳½ӵҩʦ־ˡƺ֪ҶʲôЦ
û취ˣ޽꣬ԼûǸ츳Ҳûá
ҩʦȷڴ˺ܾãôЩʡ
ûܹ츳ҩҶڴʣ磬ܹģ
ûС
ϵģν츳츳ҩҩʦܣĻ½ϵҩʦҲôˡ
Ҷ̾ϢһҲѹ֣Ϊֹҩʦֻһ
ֻǡаôĵҩѵһˣ߽Ƶģ
ɲҩʦҶҲٶˣҩʦ߹󣬵似ΪܳΪǿߣպĵҩҲ١
ԺΪǿߣ鷳ԼƵҩǶùԹԵĸҶ˰οԼ
ʱǽⷽŲ˸¯Ҳϡ
Ҷ׼Ϊڴǰȥ򿪶ǣһŨҩʱ˳֣ܿ䷿ݣ˯εУǶŵˣ΢΢壬û
ŵҩڵ¯ײҶɫϲĺٳһΡʧ󡯣˷Ѳϣȫļҵһžʧ10ӣ
ԪƷҩ
ҩЧ
ֵ+1000
ֵ+90
Ʒҩ
ⵤҩ֮ʱҶײ̾ĵ1000ֵ90ֱֵ鵤ǿ˲֪ٱ
ֻǣһˡĹЧ
ߣܵõаΨһĵ¯ʥҩЧƳҲܷһᵽʥгǿҵĻȡ
ʥ
Ҷ̧ͷ룬ܸɴĵţİɣԺһŪ
𣺡
ųԪҶ˳ܵС
Ҷ׵ĹˣӨӨѾϰˣֻǣһҶҩƿĵҩ֮ʱĿ̵ɴ󣬾ƷҩƷҩˣ
䣬̹۲һҶ׵Ϊʮأδͻơ
ΪΪ̳δͻƣӵƷҩܹӨӨаɣЩҩҶƵˡ
ֻǣҶ֮ǰôΣҼʱ䣬ǿƵҩʱ䣬ּ󶼱ⵤҩȷԼơ
С㡭Ҷü
ӨӨҲǷӦ࣬¿˿ע⣬ЦǽĴûע⵽
ףҩʦȻȴҲΣգֻʮΪҩʦ
㿴ɣЩôҶ׻䣬룬Ȼ̧ͷһЦӨӨ㣿
СӣҶŻôˣƷҩƷŻȿûôٽҲûáӨӨһҶ׶ͷ
ðɡҶЩ䣬ָҿɲΪǮŽ㣬Ҵ󣬶ôеĴС㣬ʽ֦ҲҪһ㡯
Уֻѩ³еĴС㣬ûݸ߹ҩʦƳƷҩպݺ½ҵʲôǲסأӨӨƲƲʺ촽Ϊˡ
ôܣҶ۾һɣԶҵĺý㣬
컬ࡣ
ӨӨһۣ΢΢˼ǣԪȻƷҩеףȴܹͻƹԪԪʿĵһؿ˵۸ǲ͵ġ
ܸأҶЦеĵ
ƤЦģֲһ򡣡
ӨӨ죬ż۸Ƭ֮󣬵ʵԪǿģҩʦǺܶ࣬ҩ٣ǳоȡҲˣ鷳ҿӣǻҪơ
ⵤҩƷʻɣÿŸ25򡣡
ɽ
Ҷ̴Ӧ20ͲˣҲֻӸܸ25ӨӨѾԼܲˡ
ܿ죬ӨӨŽƱһ5һ25000
һ𣬿ɻ15ŽƱ75ҶУǼֱҪֵӺˡ
ȱǮӨӨȻʵ
Ҷһû뵽ôʣ漴軰˵ǰӨӨôǮ硭һң
ԡӨӨֱӵҪóһѺĻҲû취н
ϵǶѺҶգգۣǲѺǸûʲôѺ
СܵܣɱףǮҲеģҲҪѽӨӨɫ¶Ϊѡ
Ҷ׵ȷôܵģ̫鷳ˣһ˶Ŀ
ʮˣע⵽ˣһֱдףܹоѾһЩĿԼϡ
룬ڵȷûʲôΪѺǺƵԼ³˼ӨӨͿϣ
ڴ䵱зһ£һƳߵС
ˣҶ۾һ


ڰʮ 
ʲô
ӹҶ׵ĺɫƣӨӨɻһ£۾ɴȻ̧ͷʥ
δ˵꣬Ҷױ̽͸
ӨӨ˵Ĵ۾ת
ˣҶ׺ȻʶԼĶЩ֣æÿɿȵǸӨӨ㣬ڴ
ӨӨɫЩ죬ݺݵĹҶһۣС쵰ѽ
ʥԺ
ȻӨӨ֪ʥԺǼˡҶ׵һЦֻǿı飬ǾʥԺǷģǡûʸΪʥԺӣ
ǲǣȥˡ
ӨӨƺЩҶԼ͵ʥԺ¼ȡӣͲǶҪԪ𣿿Ϊ
ٺ٣ʥԺңȻҵĲͬҶһЦ
ѵΪҩʦӨӨüӦãʥԺ¼ȡӣֻһضΣﵽʥԺҪΪڶҪй̶ʡСһȻûﵽһǾǵڶˡ
ʲôʣҶô̵ʱڱʮأӨӨȷԼ뷨̲סʵ
ˡܵ޷֪ˡҶ׵
ȻǸС쵰ղŻʹϵھŽˡ
ӨӨ˾죺Ҳ㣬ʥԺǺöˣһʥԺĵܵܣһأ
㿴ⶫܰҽǮ
Ҫ٣
2200򣿡ҶСʵ
˵200Ѿһǳˣ¾ּңҪһó200򶼲ܣСûмôǮ
𣿡ӨӨҶס
æ֣ǲǣ˵ǰ
Ц200ǿɾ3000˵ʨӴ󿪿ڡ
Ҹ500򡣡ҶСĵӣӨӨһЦˡ
500򣿣
Ҷ׵ɴ۾š
500򣬶ôһְ
ý㣬ǰˣ
ҶȻǰȥӨӨʼδʱϺݺݵһڡ
㡭åӨӨͨ죬һӰҶƿ¥
Ҷվԭأ˿ҲӦž̫ˣңҲֻǸˣûб뷨
ˡҶ૵ˣҰɡ
䣬¥ߺȵӨӨ㣬Ҵ㲻ңҲҪѶҰ
ãҶʵǵȲˣҪ¥ȥӨӨҪƵʱ򣬺ڳߵС
ƣ£˿̵ӨӨȻѾ
Բ𡭡Ҷ͵͵ĿӨӨһۣ治ǹģֻǡֻ̫ˡ
˾Ϳ˼ң
ӨӨҶЩӣһЦó5ŽƱĶǵûҵʱ110ģɲ׵ġ
ҶǺݺݵĳ鴤һ£һ10ģǿɾ100
ɱҰɡҶ۾һա
ȥȥɱ˭ǮӨӨҶ߳С
һ¾100򡭡Ҷ׻صջԽԽʹ
˭Ұ
û˼СŮ޵ֵǮֱˮ
Ҷ׵Ĵãǰһ£ǽյշһͳС
Ҷһϲæǰˣ
޸Ҷ׵Ļһ£Ҷ׽࣬Դ˹Ҷף漴ſڵϡ
úˣ˺ˣҾͰͻ鵤
ҶҲ֮ܲ󣬱˳ȥ
йҩģκļ۸Ǻܸߣ̯λȲˡ
ң鷳鷳ЩһΣҪһֵҩҪҩÿһݵļ۸ͶҪ100̯λĲۣ5ϡ
ԪƷҩбϵЩϣҶЩģΪ̯λעЩҩټҲꡣ
ԪʿͻƹԪԪǿ԰ʿڹԪʱ󻯵̺ܹʿ̵ʱͻƣ
̯λ֮ǰ۾һԶԶľӭ
һЩ̯λ̯۰Ͱ͵ĿҶ߹аޣ֪һôҩҲһЩǰ׬ˡ
ҪҩһЩҶ̸ֱ£г
СֵܣֻҪǼƷҩҪҩﶼУҲ˵ƼƷҩҩҲһ㡣̯ЦеĿǰ
Ŷ
ҶüָǰڷϷһġݡ˵Ϊֻһꣿ
˵ݣһԴЦСֵܰʵкܶģֻҩ󣬲Ŷѡ
Ҷ׻Ȼ򣬲Ʋ¶ԭûУǲҷ档
Ҳǣ󲿷ʱ򣬶óһ棬еǻеǱǰһȻǺߡ
ԴˣҶǷԪҪҩࡢһһ̯
ԷҲȻûʧϷóһһݡ
ǴһƤʵĴóģȴҶףһҲдƷ
Ҷ׾ֻܽὫǸƤʴȥʵЩҩȫװڶԷĴָС
۸ÿһݵҩ۸񣬾ȻҪ110⻹ǰ̯ʡ֮ͼ۸
Ҷ׺ȻãЩҩʦ϶ܸУɱҪ110óȥҲ200ϡ
ֻƷҩѣЩƷҩ׵ҩǻף»ۡ
ȻƳϵҩҩʦ
е֪ϵĶҩǵҩҪˡ
ҶҲ͵͵ʹ̯ûзҩԷĻشܿ϶ûС
𵱳ĴѧԺԼʱһҩġ۸񡯣˵Ʒϡˡ
뿪̯λҶ߻ؿջջճߵУкԶԶĴ˶С
ﲻҪĵط
ϿӰ⡣
һֻ϶ǿջڰٱջԱߣҲһջջ
˿̣ǿջſڣһ׳˶꣬ƺΪꡯΪʣΪ䣬ѾԹ20
۹ãͷɢһɳζɢǶûϴ衣
ļΪ࣬վףͨ˴һȦ
ԣקɫѣǺǴﴫ
ȻƾקҲƶֺ
Ҷ˸˵Ϊأ˿ȫȴקǼһֺ
۲ĺϣûɢҲܲ˿Ϊ
⵹Щˡ
Ҷ׳һ£˹ȥ


ڰʮ 
Ҵ㣡
ٽ׳˶꣬ҶײΧ۵ȺȻǰȥһѽǿ걧ס
磬ô
ͻһĻںĿջһ㶣Ҳ
磬˽ǮˣĲеˣҲгԵĶˣ㲻ҪˣϿһؼҡ
Ҷ˵ţȥ
һ˲ȻãԼһʯͷһ㣬ܽƶֺ
˭ǿջüҶס
λˣҵĸ磬Բ𣬸鷳ˣͰߡҶǸ⣬ֺõĵ
˿ҶѾΪƸ͸ֻͨˣǰһ
ϿߣҪӰ⣬ǾͲˡ˵û̫ţ˻֣߽˿ջ
㲻ҵĵܵܣϴˡǿ꿴Ҷף˵ǳ֣Һˣǹһ㣬˶
Ƿǳĺ
ҵȻĵܵܡ
Ҷֹһ˿Ⱥǿߵһ䣬¶ϲɫٺһЦԴվ𣬸Ҷ뿪Ⱥ
Ҷ鵤ش̯λеʱ򣬱㷢ֹ
ǳͬģҶ׻һЩͷ
Ҷã˴˿̵ĴԼ࣬ûõɱ¼ȻסּңҲֻᱻΪؤ
ˣҪԷû߼յٱջǿǲˣ˵
ߣҶ׸ק
֮£ҶֻʵҲǸ߹㣬ҪȻϸоʲôΪ֮Ҷ㣬ɵ鶼Լģα֣˼̤ϣ
ΪʲôԴɵʵ
Ҷһû뵽ԷôʣĲ֪װģ
˵Ĳ֪Բţ½в֪ΪʲôˣˣɵӾǸճӤȻ˵㣬ҲɵӤǾԲ᲻֪
ɿӣװİ
㡭ģҶϸĴȻ֣ϾȻЩëԼһ磬Գûϴ裬ǶҳմȾЩ塣
Ҵģ
ԴãҲ֪ʱˣҲˣҲ۸ң׽ŪңҷԣҵĽ۹ҲҳԹˣҺö
۹Ҷаʲô
֪
Щ𾪣Ҹоһһɷǳǿƿزˣֻʹһ˿
ǿǿ󣿡
Ҳǻʾ˵
ʲôҶ׵ɴ۾һڣȻпǻʾ
Ҷײ֪ǻʾжֲ֪ǿ
ﲻǰĵطǶҶܲãҳҲ̫Сˡ
ǿţȻٺһЦ٣ǾͺһЩ϶ܺóԡЩҲ̫ǿˣҴ򲻹ǡ
Ҷǳ鴤һ£оһЩ⣬ʵסĵطʲô֣
굹ûж룬ֱ˵

Ҷüͷĸ½ϣǺܶ࣬ɶǳΪ۹δ֮˵Ǵе۹ʼʹĳƺ֪ˣδı
ҪԷˣˡȻŶӣһƨ˵ϡ
ȰŪߣ˺⣬ھǻʾȻڲƿأʮص϶ܴ󣬶ҿܺ񣬽ߣӦû˵
ҶҲÿУԺңҸԵġ
𣿡վˣҸҪԵģǶܷңҲ۸ңǺˡ
ôҶһ䣬ҡͷһЦϣк
ʲô֣
ҽǶӣٺ١
ŶԭӰɡ
ʲô
ҽҶס
Ŷô㣬Ժҽн׵ܵܰɡ


Ҷָ˳֮⣬ڶһ
ȥװһ·Ȼ˲ŷؿջ
߽ջҶԭǴȥϴһģһȴֱĶű˷ϵķˣǾȻ˿ˮ
ˮݣ
ܺܶ˵Ŀ⿴¶񣬱Ͼûϴ裬ϻһɳǳӰʳ
׵ܵܣҲǳԵЩָŷϵķˣǶҶ˵Ŀȴûƶ֡
Ҷһͷߣȥϴ裬ȻҾʹԡ
ǡǡŶӣϵſˮ
ûʲôǵģҪٲҾͲˡ
Ŷȥϴ
Ŀ£ҶǱȥ
ϴʱ
ʱǶã
˵ٳ
Һö
㲻ҵĻԺҲ㶫ˣ

ŸڵˮҶ˿
оޱ޼ֱǹɶˡ
һһ޶һص㣬ǾǱԡģֻԵǷ޳Եǵҩ
óŹҩҶû𿪿ڣ㽫ЩҩȫŽ˵¯С
Ҷ׸еЩǣǵ¯ȻԱҶжҩɡ
ٺ٣Сӣ£ʡϷĿˡ
Ҷָ֪ʲôȻľսһҩļ۸񣬾110˷һݣҪһ찡
ҩʦҶײ֪ɲҩʦҶҲûǷٹۿˡ
ʱ޲һЩֲۣʱȥϴķ͵һۣȷǺԼĻĵ˵ͷ
һʱңڴˡ
Ҷܵ¯֮ǰ򿪶ǣ氲5ŻԲĵҩ鵤ŨҩɢҶ̲סһڡ
ԪƷҩ
ҩЧ
ֵ+2300
ֵ+150
ԪƷҩеȲΣԵȷܲۺ˵ҩЧȳԪҪ˽ӽҶ׺⡣
5ŵҩܽӨӨǮȥˣͬʱҲܽѺʥԺû
ǲӨӨὫʥԺ̰ȥ˵ˣǶûʲôãֻݵӨӨˡ
ҩҶϴķǰֻڵϣԴŶӣڵϻȦȦ
ûˮգȻѾϴʱˣֻҶûȥҳȥ
ˣҶײһЦоһθУæŴ򿪣߰ɣȥԶ
̫ˣ
̱
Ҷ׽֮ǰ׼õ·ϣ̧ͷһȻ֮ǰ˺ܶࡣ
ϳò˷ǳֲȥַûԸ


ڰʮ ɧ̣
һ¥ٴע⣬Ȼ
һΣĵĿ⵹ǼûУǺ뾪ȣϵë⣬Ҷ̸ţͲࡣ
ͬҶ׾˵ҲΪࡣ
ϰ填
Ҷ׳̨һ
ඡ
Щջƹˣǳ飬ƨƨߵܹˡ
ʲôǾʲôһˡҶ׶ԻƵ
ٺ٣ϣǻŲ˵ȥ
ҶҲûᣬ߳ջжȥ
ô500ôͻˣ
ѾϰߣӨӨǷǳȣ500㹻Ҷƺܶ൤ҩˣҺķѵʱҲ̡
Ҷײеɢǿ϶ҩˡ
ô̵ʱڣ500ҩֻһԭǾεĵҩƷʿ϶á
ֻһ˲䣬ӨӨô࣬Ҷ֪ģ֪ôŮȻ򵥣˼˵ܡ
5ŹԪ۰ɡҶóһҩƿװ5ŹԪ
Ԫ
ӨӨ죬˫˸֪Щʲô
ÿ230ȫˡ
Ƭ֮ӨӨֱ˵ĿڣһΣû¶ʲô𾪵ɫ
ɽҶЦˡ
ӨӨҲʲôֻһһصģ̫˶Ŀˡ㻹ҪƵҩĻҸ㿪һ䣬˭ҲܴţҪʲôҩ͸˵ֻҪеģˡԸȥ

ҶһоҲûʲôףӨӨ˵Ķʵ
ǺðɡҶЦֻûôǮ㣬ңһݹԪϵļ۸ֻ100򡣡
С쵰㻹۶ӨӨһҶ׶ͷҸÿ105ĳɱۣҲǮȸ渶ǾòʣҲûа취ˡ
ҶװͷŮ˹ǶЩҩļ۸ǳ
ȻˣҲͲԥˣʡ鷳˵ʡ5ĳɱֶۣΪ
еҩȻǲö˵Ҫж١
ӨӨÿһҩҲ20ݣҶ͵Ҷ׷棬ȥ֮Ҷ׷Żá
Ҳǹأ֪
ҶЩʧǣҲֻһʮŹԪҪķһʱԭΪ𲻹ܶ٣һأʵȻпᡣ
˳һʱ仺ȥʱѵ
Ҷײδͣ٣һֱҹʱ򣬷ͣ¡
˵ͣ²ǡ
ǰڷŵ15ҩƿҶ˿Ŵ򿪷ţ¥µӨӨ֡
ˣӨӨɫһϲæȥ
һ٣ӨӨȵʵ
Щҩƿÿҩƿ涼10šҶɫƣ룬ƺΪۡ
150š
ӨӨСаһ£ģƽһʱ10ŹԪ
Ҷײǰɣû
⡭
ӨӨʵǲţұҩʦʮصʱܲƹԪƣһʱƶ٣һţţ
һȴ10ţ
̫ˣ̫ˣ
ˣһ£һ150ŹԪÿŰ230㣬Ҳǡ34500ɳĻӦ2300𡣡
˵ҶԼпӴôǮºüǺüʮּˣ
֮ǰ5ŹԪҲûиǮȥǷĳɱѣӦǡĿ򵥡
ӨӨֱӵ1326򣬺滹һЩ͸ĺˣѾ׬ˡ
ã
ҶҲˣһӣ֮©
һ׬1326ĳ𡭡ӨӨ۾գգ̾ǰµҩʦ϶ܸУżʶֻǸУֱǸеҪ
ҶҲʵ̲סˣ˷쳣ԴֱЦ
ˣ֮ǰǷһŽƱأ10ֵģֱӰ6ȥˣ1320򡣡
ӨӨ䣬߳䣬¥ȥ
Ҷ׺һŷӦŮʲôʱԼ10ֵĽƱˣ
̣Եļ̣̣Ҷк
ԭֻΪӨӨںԼЦû뵽ĻԼҪǮԼ˽ӽĳ𰡣ǿ30
һӨӨŽƱˣò˵лǲƴ֣һǧĽƱó۶գ
һţһ1000ֵһ300ֵһ20ֵ1320
ϣŮİ6ˣ
Ҷа𲻴һȻǰһӼҪӨӨϣ˺ܹܵ
㡭ʲôӨӨҶͻĶһ
ֻһ£͸ҿô𣬲Ұ20Ҳ㣬׼ΣҶаЦŵ
ӨӨһ죬۾һת¶û㣬Խӿ˹
һҶеаѹȥҶ׺ˣ˫һӵߵ˹
ð׽㣬ԣǼˣһ10ô100򣡡
ҶһץĽƱֱӷɱ˷䡣
磬ɧ̣
ſڴ˹Ȼ˿ҹȻŲˣĿ⳯¥ϿǶҶǴ¥ġ
ô˶ţӨӨ糺죬޺޵Ķ˶ţҧгݵС쵰ҵ£´ο࣡

ܳУҶ˲о࣬ӨӨƯĻŮ˽ӴǾкܴѹ
˿ָ̣зһǧĳһʱ֮䣬Ҷײ֪ôˡ
ʱִ󱬷ĸоôǮͷԣ֪ô
һǧĳѣоܶࣿ
֪Ҷе뷨̽ãѹ£ˮҸ˵ڴ½ϣͨõĻ񣡶ңǮҲֻƼżƷҩģϣֱ⵰ˡ
Ҷ׸о˷ܸʧˣ֪Ǻ⣬ȻЩֹͲܵҸ˸˵
ȥɣǴһﻹڿջ㸶ءٺһЦ
Ҷһ㶣ȻһԴſջɱȥ
æһ죬ֻ˼˶ٵҩǮˣȫԺ
˿ҹҶ׻صջʱԷ˼ûˡ
һ۾Ϳһ߸ڶߣæʢװõӣһĨ档
˲䣬Ҷױ뵽ô¡
Էˣծ
ҵĴ
ҶװͷæǰȥסŪˡ
׵ܵܣˡ
û˿ĲԴЦлл㣬Щóԡ
Ҷף


ڰʮ ȸ׼
ƹأ񣬲ԼʲôҶȴǼΪ
Сֵܣǣ
һΣǻƳ壬ԼʮƹˣҶɫԣɻʵ
ӴҶ׵ǻƣƹûע⣬Բ֪Ҷ׺һġ
˵ʲô;ܸԣˣΪЩۻҶ
Ŷԭ㰡
ϰĿ˸˼Ƭ̣ЦСֵܣ˺ܶĶⶼҹˣҪǮҲûУƨˣⲻʵûа취ˣšų²
Ҷ¶ŭɫʵϣȴûʲôΪµȷԼĲԣԹջ
ˣһǮҶײͷʡ
һ¡
ϰù˲ߵ18ݡҰ߹22ݡͷ45
ȵȣ
ҶĿɿڴæִסЩһ˳Եģ
šȷǡϰǳܹ˽Ҷ룬һ˳ôֱ࣬ǲ˼顣
Ҷ׵ûлϰƭԼٱô꣬˵֮¡
ֻǣԼһ˳ôĶʵǺѽܡ
ҳԵĲడֻǳԵ̫ˡԴֹѽô˵ҳԵĺܶأС
ϰĿĿҶһߣæʣˣֱӸҶǮС
ţһǡ5300֮ǰЩ֣ͻˣ͸5000ɣ300ǵǸϰ
5000
ҶǾԵġ5000ֻһ˾ͳô࣬Ȼš
ˣȥ
Ա𣿡
ص䣬Ҷ׿ڴϵĴͷ
ûСֱӵĵܸоЩԲͦóԵġһٳԵģǲҳˡ
ôණԲҶ׵ɴ۾ڳθһǲ޵׶
ҾãӦøһŵҩԳԿ
ȻˣôණԲԲθڴ󣬶ΪܿͽЩˡҩ溬е࣬ҴһűܶķˣԸһԡ
Ҷ׳Ĭ˿ûеҩֻܵƳٸԳԿˡ
ҳԽ۹ܳԱûЩóԣûн۹ˣҵҲˡţгǿҵʧ˼׶ĿͷǺ
ǵȥˣҶʵ
֪ǻһڶƽˣǾҲãҪˡŵ棬
ģеﲻҪԼĺӵģһǵĿԡҶ׳οͬʱһȰӸͷ
Ȼļǵãĸױɱ֮ǰƴԼĻ档
ܻռڶģһ˰Ȼ
ҶҲûжʣɵʲô֪ɵģҲ˵صϡ
׵ܵܣԺ󻹻ȥЩ𣿡ܴ󣬺ܿ㽫ʧԺڴĿҶס
ģԶٶСҶЦ
ٺ٣ã

峿һε˹
˿̵Ѿ˴룬ҲָһЩҶٴιһ鵤ҰͿĨһЩۣŷģɵ޴ڷ䣬Ȼ߳˿ջ
죬ȻҪȥƵҩ
һΣҪƵģƷҩУġԪ
Ԫĺôаٷ֮ʮļʣܹùԪСɵʿֱӽΪԪڣ൱һ硣
ֵҩڴ½ΪϡҲΪϡ١
ȻҶòˣҪǾֵûмʿԣֻѭ򽥽
Ҳɱ¼ΨһĻˣԶ̷ܳһſֱӽ׵ĵҩ׵
Ԫҩ٣ʮҩʦУһҩʦܹѾܲˣַΪҲΪλԪôϡٵԭԪ۸Է
Ҷ׺ң˻ԪƷ
ˡ
߳ջԶյкȻһţȻ𶯣һ㣬ʯӲ
Ŀһͬʱ̧𣬿֮أҶҲͬˡ
ʲôˣ
кˣ
ģôһƬ⡭׷ʲôˣ
ڶѩ³
Զ֮ϣƬĺӿգ˲ϯԲǧķΧǳӽѩ³ǡ
Ǻʱ˻ҽ״д˷

ڴ˿̣һ޴ĽɫâȻâɣɲ֮ǽǺȫڱΡ
ҵĹâҶͫâӡ
һ̣Ȼ뵽ǰѩ³֮ʱɷ֮أӿķҲɷ֮أ
ѵǡ﷢ʲôҶü
Ǵ㽫ɷ֮ɷ֮ˡ
ҶҡͷȻ룬͸Ҳȥ򣬼֪ˣҲûʵһš
ߺ
̸֮䣬һ쳹˷˶Ŀɿڴһͷ޴Ļɫ֮չȫɫ棬ſһµĻɫâ֣ǽâ֮ϡ
ȸ
ʿȸǰ׼ػʥȸ
䣬ЦǿЦҲܳƵϡȸʥޡ֮ʥԺĻ𽶼ȲˣһȺ֮ܡ
Ҷ׷˷ۣǺεȲΣЩǺεȲΣĿһ¡
νġȸҲǳ𾪣޴ɣǻ𽻹˫չͬԶ
龰ȷǹ𺳵ġ
Ҫɷ̫֮˳ˡЦˣøɵȥɣ飬㻹ûʸġ
ҶתǰУһ·˶ڿԶĺâ⡣
Ҳǲ⣬ӨӨܳŽż⣬׺ĿԶҶ˶ûз֡
ʲôأˡҶ׺ȻļЦ˵
ѽ
ӨӨһתһҶףʱͲǹһһէģ
ĺèˡҶ׺ٺһЦ
ôҪƵҩӨӨбۿ
šҶ׵ͷӨӨߣƻԪ
ԪӨӨһƻԪ
š
Ҷ׽ӨӨУȲĵϽİɣ˷ʱˡ
ãҩгһҩҸÿŻԪҸ30ڳɱг˵ɡӨӨֱӴӦ
Ҷû뵽Ԫļ۸Ȼôߣ30𣬾450Ҫ׬ˣ


ڰʮ Ӷ
ȻǸ䣬ȻӨӨҩÿ20ݣ֮ǰƹԪʱһ
Ԫÿ10ţҪʱȴʱ
Ҳ״̬Ƶҩ޶ˡ
ͬʱԪҲƵģ߼ĵҩˡ
˵Ʒ׵ҩƻ׵ҩ˿̵ֻ꣬ҼΪĶҩİǰҲƲ
ȻֻԼ˵һƱԪɣҶ״ûΪ
պʵҪȥѰЩҩߵҩˡһһ˵
飬ҶҲڷˣҪӨӨͲܳȥ
ΣȻżȴҲֻġ
ңһֱڣ뿪Ҳɡ
ܹĵҩҲǷ׵İɣҶƲƲ죺ּĵҩһûǸʵõ
Ҳô˵ҩǳ⣬ƷҩҩЧֻƷԽߵҩҩЧԽѡ
ٺһЦȻңҲ㣬ʮصʵܻܹԪɣǷҩҲֻ¶ѡ

һʱתۼ䣬ǰ
ҶװƣĴӷ߳ӨӨѾȺʱ̳䣬ǰڷŵ12ҩƿ¶Цݡ
Сܵܣľϲأ
ӨӨһҩƿͬʱ˵ʵ֮ǰЩҩȻͦ࣬Ҳû׬١⻯ԪͲͬˣֵҩΪȱļ۸϶ܸߣҲ׬һˣ
ǮˡҶ׵
Ҳ֪ļ۸񣬿϶ӨӨļ۸ߣҪʱģûʱ˷ѣһЩһЩɡ
ң30Ҳˡ
šӨӨ룺Щҩÿһݵĳɱ۶Ҫ210ӣһ120ŻԪȥɱۣǡ1920𣬵ŰɣȥǮ
ӨӨѾ˵ģҶ΢һ£ȷˣ㰲ȴ
ûãӨӨŽƱһ1000ģһ900ģҲ׬Ҳˣ20𣬾͵Ǹˡ
Ҷɫһһϣ20300ʲôô󣿣
ӨӨӣϽ20óˡ
ţ
Ҷҧгݵ߳䡣
ʵ֮ǰҶ׾֪ӨӨԸ񣬿϶ᡮ̰ۡԼһЩԣһŻԪҲ˵12ƿӵУһװ9š
һŵҩҲҶ׼ԳԿġ
ֻǣһŻԪĳɱ21020𣬿300֮䣬Լǿ90ӡ
ȻۣҶײûʲôŭҪ˵ӨӨѾǰæˣˣ˭ȸҩȻٸˣǿǧĳһҶ׾ŵҩأ
ӨӨоãҶ׵ΪҲܲ˵Ҷ׵õĺôࡣ
ͽ죬ʱ䣬׬2220ǰҶ붼룬ͷ20Ҳ˷쳣ˡ
ƱպãҶ߳С
һΣûлؿջǰ֮ǰӨӨ·ߣӶȥ
ѩ³ǣܴ̫ã׬ǮķȻܿ죬ҲļˣҶΪףѣɵΪԪ鵤ʱ򣬱㲻ܸ˿ĺôˡ
ʥԺõĺôѰҩҩЩص㡣
ˣҪԶ
һˡҶ
޵ƱǻȫָҲ԰Ȼȥˡ
Ҷ״㣬콫ĳȫҩģȻƳԪԼľֵͻƹԪ֮ٶһһЩֵ
ֵгֵͬҲڵõõĹ鼼ʱ˲ѧᣬⶼʵĹؼ
ʱ֮ҶҵӶڵأܴ޹У˽ƻͨ
˿ǰӶᵱΪ֣ӵӶԱݵʿｻͬʱҲЪϢһ
һӵ̴Уȫ磬Ҷ׶䶼оȻһ̾ӶĸЧʵ̫ˡ
ͷӿʿŶϣҲմȾѪ糾͵񣬹̨࣬ټĹ̨ʮӴԱڽ񣬿ȻԵЩæ
ѩ³ĵطҶװ̾
٣ĸǳصУӶᶼġ
ûӶ֮ǰǲǾãкͰٱֵطࣿ
Ҷ׵˵ͷûзϡ
ҸɣûӶᣬֵطҲֻŵЦЦûġ
ҶһЦ֪ϼһڵԼθڣ֪˼Ҽʶ㣬˵˵ɣڶʲô
¥
̵ƶȵĵطڡʿǿҲҴ󲿷˵ɫǿؼǣ¥еŮҲкܶʿǲͬͨˣԼΪԼƯ࣬Ҹӵķɧģûп¥ķ羰ֱǡ
˵ֱҶ׺ܹ⣬¶ˮı顣
㾭ȥɣ
ԡӲûȥֵطԵҪ𻰣ȴȻĿڣʲôˣӵĳʵҪŮ˵ĻǻֵȥֵطŮˣ
Ҷײ˷ۣҲ˵˵ôϸ˵Ը˵ԼûȥҶ׾Բš
ʵȥҲûʲôֲ㣬ŮӺϣһǮ˶ѣûʲôǣҵǾЩ糾Ůӹ˺ܶءҶֹ
ƨ
̱ߣ˵ûȥûȥûȥٸӣСԺ󲻸ˣ
Ǵ£
Ҷ̶ЦݣҾ֪ٷ硢Ӣ䡢ޱȵˣôȥֵطأȻûʧ
𣺡
ţҶǼ˹̨֮ǰͷ̧ĽӴԱ񡣡
ڴҲľϣԼȥǽӴԱһŮӣҲûҶףæȥˡ
Ҷɫ̣ҲӶᣬĵط˭ҶԿô
ûעҲľڣһΪܴ󣬶мʮסΪҲĵط࣬ҾǷڵϵģҶ״￴ȥֻܿѹѹͷ
಻ƵĿ⵱УҶ׼Ⱥͷ󺹵Ŀǽġڡ


ڰʮ ˼֮
񾧱ڣ壬Լףֻһװ룬Ҷ㿴ӣҲûظ
ֻѩ³񣿡Ҷ
ǣѩ³ǣ֮񡣡ҲԲӶȫӦǸһǣ߼ǵ
ϰǣʵֻɽǣѩ³ǣĳУϣпǡ
ڿ֮ϣ׻ˡ
Ȼǲ߼ĳǳأÿһ۹Уһʥǣ糾۹ʥǣֽСǡ
ĻҶ΢΢˵ͷ
ʱٴιһΣǾ֮ʾģֻһ

˼񣺻ɱ顮۳
ǧһһ鼶ҩ10šＶҩ1š
ʱ䣺ޡ
Ҫɱ۳áġ
۳ã޶
Ƚףֻһתƣ


Ϣأ򣨳̽飩

УһɲʱͬʱҲСۡ
ҶĿɿڴĿǧ
֪䣬һ˿Һ¡
ûԹ⣬ȴҲܡ
֪½ĻңͨΪ𣬶ͨõĻңʵ
ȻȻ˵ĻңƱһֵģҲʮֵһ
֮ϣ񣬶֮Ͼˡ
Ҳ˵񣬾񶼼Ϊϡ٣ֻЩзӵС
ֱӱǧ򣬹һʿۺҶǧ񣬿ֱǻʾʥ򾳣ǿ쾳ɣ
ǧ֮󣬻ÿһܹ𶯵ľƷҶ׾ţóһܹ½췭ظ
ⷢˣҶ
Ѿǧˣܹɡ
ҶһʲôȻĪ֮ǰ˵ܹɵ񣬾
ţͬʱģбкͰٱˣһͬʱóôĺöǧ񣬾ִٵˡ
ԭˡ
ҶҲòһ䲻֪Щĵ̵жǿȴҲ֪ôľƷԲһܹõĳġ
ʵУǧ򣬶ʥ10öֻǧǰд䶯ԲŽ10öʥ񣬻ǧ񡣡˵ҲЩ˽⡣
ʥ񣿡Ҷһʲô
˵񣬿ɴδ˵ʥ
ǼĶϷô꣬ȴδһöԣҲ޷㵽ʲô˵
ûм
Ҷ׷ǳ𾪣10öʥ񣬱ֵܵǧˣǵǺεȾ˵Ķ
Ҳ˷ʱˣͲܹģȻӶᵱУΪټļӶԱƶȵ񣬿ɲǸΪ˭ҽ񣿶ǰ˵ǿ߽񣬷ǵûҵ۳һ۳ɱˣһǿߣͶԸ
۳ǾɱӺǿ߱ɱ֮󣬱ٸҽˣҲ˵ܲɱ˵۳ҲҪԱУӶᵱаǧˣȻû˽ӡ
Ҷû뵽ǵ۳ʵӶᷢǵ۳ûҹ鷳
ôûУ
ƺΪǵ۳дЩò˵۳ȷ񵱳һ۹ĳǳصзģ񷢲ĵһʱ䣬ڷĳǳصУǳǳشݻ٣ҽ۹һʱ֮ڻӶŭǲλǿ߷ɱǱˡ
ô
ҶĿ˸۳Ӣݺ£ܵ
ʲôʱܳΪǵǿߡҶ૵Ǳ׷ɱҲԸⰡ٣ҵѾ鲼½ˡ
𣿡
Ȼ䣬һɳƵҶһȻתͷȥĳ˵֮ˣ
ӭһź£ͷñԺɴӵˣòҶҪòһ˲ǰǳЩƮĸо
˭Ҷü
װ粢ϡ棬ӶᵱĹ˴磬Ϊܶ񣬶Ҫɱˣڣδ鷳
ҽܸʶ㡣дЦ⡣
Ҷ׳Ĭ£Ҳȥյһ̣Ҷ׸еһ䵽µĸо˲鲼ȫһ̣ȫֱܶ
ңԷֻһձɿˣҶŻָ
֪Ҳ۳ȻȴУֵϣгһգҲǰ㣬ڴ½պգ±׷ɱ㣬һ˳ӫ֮ϣҲֵˡӫЦŵ
ⲻô˽Ҷ׵
Ҿͽ
Ĭ£ЦνɿѣʵδɣΨж˿ѣȫҲ
Ҷ׳˼Է˵ĻҲ⣬ΪλԼ˵Щ
δͣתȥҶ׺ȻҽҶס
֪
ûתʧҶ߾ͷȴǳĴҶ׶УʣȴѾѣպ󵱳ɴվۣ֮Ⱥϵʱǻġ
䣬
Ҷվԭأ֮ʵǰܿģ
ڵ״ֻ̬ҪǱ񾳵ʿΪұ㿴ˡ
Ҳ˵ҲǱ񾳣Ҷü
ô˵ҸܵĵΪֻ쵤Ӧʩչĳ鼼һЩƷڵòҲſ
쵤鵤ɡ
鵤ΣСɡɡԲҲΪ˵ص쵤
쵤Ҳ鵤Բ
ΪҪ˵Щң˽ҵӣ֪ҵ֡Ҷ׳˼ţûˣĵط
˺ذ˿ȻҲǿ͸Է
Ҷͷԣٴһ£Ȼûд˵ӡЩꡣ
˵ĻӦûж⣬㲻ᣬպ˸֪ʱȻ֪ġҶ׾ᣬЦ
Ҷˣʹ˦˦ͷе˼׿񾧱ٶѰ
֮ǰ񾧱תʱҶѾɸѡ˼ֻҪһ£ûиͬôһġ


ڰʮ ʨӴ󿪿
ӶᵱУҲƵģƣӶԱȼ
ӶԱȼǰվŴ󾳽ŵģҶעΪһӶ
κεȼӶֻܽӲԼԱȼҲ˵ҶһӶǱֻܽһ
ӶᰴջԱѶȣ֮󣬱ԼĻԱȼ
һ£ӶĻԱȼǺԼľȵģܹʱ򣬱ΪԱϾЩ׵׵ţܹԽսġ
һ£ҲԼΪȽͻƣӶԱȼŻ
ܼ򵥵ıȷʮأҪɱʮʮصʿ޲ܽΪԱͻƹԪȻǼ࣬ûͻƵĻҪǱǳѡ
Ľ⣬ҶҲӶƶһЩ˽⣬ѡȡֻܹһ񣬶һ񣬴඼ķΧڣеԪģԶҶ˵ǳ򵥡
ԳΪӶԱûʲôȤҲǴ˵뷨ΪӶһ̫ɢˣܸκεĹУ棬ӶҲգһۡ
Ͳһˣ£ͷһǿĺܡ
ҶΪ·;вįΪõĺô
񾧱ڵĹҶ׺ȻǰָӡھڵǸϣֻһ˲㽫ָ
֮ǰΣųŹ̨ȥ
ԶʶָƵĹܣÿ˰ϣִ̨ϣнӴԱΪ䰲
ȻҲų˵ϹǰˣȴûʯĻ߳Ӷŵʱ򣬻̱˲ץס
20Ĵ
20ɲСĿҲֻҶȡҩʦŻ᲻Уͨʿó۵ġ
Ȼ߽ʿˡ
̨ǰҶ׳ǽӴԱãҽ񡣡
ӶԱ𣿡ǽӴԱæߵ
ǡŶǡҶ׶̬ȷǳðڶԼ˵ʲôκοӴԱˣҲһ
1ҰעᡣǽӴԱ
1
ҶȻǡȴҲоӶҪ̫ˣ½ôˣÿ1׬ˣ
ƲƲ죬ҶóһһƱȻнƱֵ̫ԱӨӨһЩֵƱԱʱ֮裬
ò˵ǽӴԱȻģЧʻǺܿģͷôæȴƬ֮óһ龧ʯݸҶףʯ水ָƣԶµ񣬴ӽԺһӶˡ
Ҷ׽ӹʯ水ָƣ̵һƬĻµ

һ񣺻ɱʮޡޡ
Ҫ󣺻ù
15
ʱ䣺һ£ʧܡ

һ񣺻ɱԪСʿ·
Ҫ·ͷ
10
ʱ䣺£ʧܡ
ע·ص㣬鿤

һ񣺻ɱԪʿۡ
Ҫͷ
50
ʱ䣺£ʧܡ
ע·ص㣬鿤

Ҷ׽µ
ɱˣһɱޡ
˵Ӷͺɱ֣Ǯɱˡ
Ҷ׶ɱԼ޹ϸ˵ЩִԵģȻȴһнģһЩɱѰҩҩ񣬶ҪԼȥѰ٣̫˷ʱ䡣
ؼǣ֮󣬱ԽΪӶˣϾǻɱԪˣһӶܹ
ʯҶ׸Ҫߣȴһתͷʵҿ﷢𣿡
һӶķҪ102Ӷ53Ӷ34ѣֻóİٷ֮5ΪѼɡǽӴԱش
ҶüһܣҪ˻ɱϰҴүԣҪǮ
һ¡
ǽӴԱ̧ͷҶһۣޱ飬ҶҪɱ˭ûʲôϵ
ʵҲȷûʲôϵҲֻӴˣŻޱ飬ǳˣ϶ôȻ
Ƭ̣ǽӴԱˣҶ׻еĵԣϰĴΪԪɡΪ1010100򡣵ѧԺ¼ȡֱӳΪԺӣҪټ303000ȼΪ3з
33000𣿣
Ҷ˫ɵùԲ鲻Խĺ㲻ȥˣ
ЦԼɱһԪɲ50𣬶ɱԻþҪ3000𣬻ԼҪĽֱǳ
ǽӴԱüͷһ壬һȴǼΪĲԲ񣬵Ի˽ȥ
Ҷ׳ͣʯͷסԭҪ˵ЩʲôȴӲѹȥ
ʲô۸ɲ飿ҶС
˵ҡ
ߣ߻𣿣
Ҷ׻ĴӶᵱ˳ｫǽӴԱӶȫŮԶʺʮ˱顣
ԽԽǾòƽ300050򣬲ʵ̫̫ˣԼǣ죬׬˲3000ӶһʨӴ󿪿ڣֱǺ޲ýˡ
ʵҲܹӶᡣ
ҶӣоǳЦ˵ֻһԪɣȴ˶ѧԺҿΪ츳̫ǿʲôʰɣֱӳΪԺӣһݾͲһˣȻҲܸߡ
ٸҲܸߵôװɣҶбʵ
ҪףڶѧԺӶҪڳײ壬һҪŶѧԺǿߣǿ֣߳϶˵ģҪǧѾܲˡ
Ц˵ףʶ̫ǳˣڻӴԾ3000̫󣬵ӴˣҸҴģԲù󡣡
һöܻٳ𣿡Ҷ׺Ȼʵ
һö񡭡Լܻ100ɣ100𣬾򲻵һö񡣡϶ĵ

Ҷ룬ȻЦʵҪô󣬶ҲкôҪɱˣһ50һ10˱˵ļ۸Ǳûʲôһɱ֮Ҳľսġ
ٺ٣㵹ǻ룬Ҳȷˡ
ȻһЩʱ䣬лᣬֻɱʡôء
ҶĿ˸Ҫɱ֮ǰΪһԲϣ֮ɱԼ˼ʵ̫
ǻʱҶ׸ô˵ע£ܣ澡ʧҶţԾԲŹԼ
ңԣѾ붫ѧԺΪ϶ͻͽ
ֻû뵽żʱ䣬㾹ȻﵽԪˡ


ھʮ 
ԴﵽԪɣҶײûиеʲô⣬ĴѧԺΪͬʱԭ
Ҷ𾪵ģӶİЧʡ
ֻ˵ԵԼϰǣӶ̲һУΪ壬֪붫ѧԺֱӽԺЩ˵ǻܣ޷֪ҶҲǴӶõġ
ԣӶĹϵѾӴһǳµļ㣬½ôȴܹ֪˵ݡֻؾĵ۳֪һЩʵֲ̫ˡ
ݴӶҲԳҲӶѡӶҲ弶Ӷϵļбʸ񡣡˵
弶
Ҷ׵һǰӶȼΪȽĻ弶Ӷ󲿷ǻʾǿߣӶż
ֲӶᷢչô׳󡣡Ҷ̾
ʵЩĴУǻʾ߶˵ģһλǿߣѹķ£ˣǳΪĹؼ𻺻
Ҷ׳ĬһȻЦ֪ҪɱңῪʲô۸񡣲֪Ӷ֪֪ѾʥԺˣǶѧԺԺӣ3000ĻۣӦø߰ɣ
ɱʥԺӣҲҪΪۣڵɻûô񡣡֪ҶʲôֱӽԸָ˳һѪ
ڵۻǺܸߵ
Ҷ׹һЦ泩ſջȥ

ԼʱңҶ׻ص˿ջ
ƿţһ۾ͿеĴһ
ͷڴϣһ˫ڹĵԼ½ǣ֪ЩʲôΪġ
ſڵϣ˫΢УһҶ׽վܵҶߣ˹壬ʡ
һĻҶЦĳ嶯޵ԴߣһļЦʲôأ
Ҷˡ
ԼĶӣĵЩóԵģûڣǲҳԣûȥ
ЩȲⶫҶóԪ
ŨŨҩƮУҲһȻɴ۾ĶҶеĻԪ㲻ϵŵ棬ƺǳҪ
İɣġҶ׶˵һǡԹĿ⵱УԪݸЦܳ𣿡
Ȼܣ̵ͷ
Ҷ⻯ԪҩЧ̫ܲˣϾԪڹԪҲƷĵҩѳҩ
ȻҶ̬⡣
Ǹ㡣Ҷ׽Ԫݸ
Уʲô»ʧһ㣬һЦſ죬Ԫ˽ȥ
ҶֱֱĿûʲôⷴӦŷʵô
ⶫã
Ұһ죬ȻûЩóԣҳԱٺ٣ôʱ䣬ٴθоˣá
Ҷһƣˣҩ̺磬ҩѹ֮ǰһֱûԱؾΪ㣬ϾЩȻ࣬ȴ̺κܳԱ
ûΪҶʵ
üɻͷ˼һ˵ʲôΪ׵ܵ㶼˵ˡ
гġ׵ܵܡʹӨӨгȫζҶܹܡ
Ϊǡ룬Ҷ׵˵жôжôܴ򡣱˵ңʮأ棬йԪСɡɡԲԪСɵĻܴ10ࡣ
ûŪףҶǳ˳飬оһｻʵ̫ˣ񣬶ҺԼȫˣʲô֪ѵǡȱݣ
ԪʵȽƶȣ򵥵ıȷʮĶʮĶǹԪˡȻֻǱȷɲֹʮĶҶ׼˵ţȫûˡ
֪ˣ
Ҷǲϳ鴤ӣȻһԴǻȻ򣺡ҲĵȼƶȣǲһģǾƷˣһƷƷԣǾƷˣһƷСΣʲôɳƷҲСţƷҲС
Ҷ׺޲һǸʲôȼƶȶ֪
֪Ҹղ˵˰Ŵ۾˵ӣǸоЩղǿôˡȥЩóԵİɣ
Ҷס

⼸춼ûôԶ鵤䣬Ҳ㹻ˣθΪޣ̫ۣҶײûд
¥ݣһ¥Ҷһûӣкƣþƺò˾ϡ
˼ղ˵Ļ
Ʒˡ
Ҷţȷ˵½ϵһЩ˵ǰоУʱǳСûǿ
Ǹ˺аԵʱû죬Ѫ¾¡
ǲʱ;ˡ֮䣬ڵ֮䣬βǳ
ֻǣʱƣ֪ΪΣʧѪΣϣռо֮ȫ
Щٳ֣Ҳǰǰ㱻еľǿߣѾǿ
ھ˵ĴţѾʱƣɢڣ˼ǵãй壬ֻǴ˵
ǰѵǾˣҶ׿ǰⱧһ鿾Եаʵ
֪ΪȻԾҲû˿˽⣬ʱѳΪ˵
һӦ֪ˣ˼壬޴ǵĳɳٶȣϸĹ۲죬һĻ᳤ôĻӦþûˣ㲻ǾˣҲӦо˵ѪҼһЩżž˵볤࣬δоϳëġ
Ҷһü
Щͨ˸ԲߺŶ˶ˣֻеҩſ伢һЩȥԼҲҪҩҲҪҩҪͻƵĻͬҪҩ
ԼĻǸ޵׶жٵҩܳԶ٣ǲֵǾֵҪҩ
һöԪȻʱ뱥Ŷ೤ʱ䣬ߺŶҪҵҩ
ޣǳԵҩٵģľô࣬ҪͻƣҪĵҩ϶ˡ

ҶԴһѣҲˣ˼ҩʵ̫̫ˡ
ģоȥҶжݺݵ
ʵֻѡ
ܲܣԸ񺩺ʵҺܿоѪǾˣôһô֡Ǻӣʵ̫ϧˡ
ޣҶйĽ飬ҶҵҲ취ͻơ


ھʮһ ڳҩ
ĴԴȵУҶ׸8000ˣŴȥ
һҹ޻һأҶױǱС
һΣеƱ˳ӨӨ2220׬ȫȫɻԪҪҩϡ
ӨӨװô½ٿǮ
Ȼ
Ҷֹһ䣬ȴôᣬӨӨˣƵĵҩбô
ŶӨӨ۾һǰҶ׵죬ģΪģʲôôڽôķϣ˵˵ɣ
һˣȻŮˣûж
ҶҲһˣΪᣬŮ˵ĶԲȣǰŮ˵ֶΣŪԼǮҩҪۣҴŮĻأҶײ̸
ñǣպӨӨ㡣ҶЦеĵ
ӨӨһת¶ʧ㶼˽ˣȻѽ㵱ˡ
ҶɫΣʵǿס־ɫջ󣺡ӨӨ㣬һ£֮Ҫȥ鿤ˣɷܹи㣬Ҫˣ
Ҫˣ
ӨӨ۲תһΪͣһʱأٶȣϼ죬ҩȫҸṩѵ𣿡
ҶҡͷҪǰʥԺ
ֻ˽ͱ㹻ӨӨȻкҶȥԭķ䣬ȻΪṩҩ
ǧĳ158ݻԪҩϣһΣӨӨЩһ͵Ҷ׷䡣
ϷţӨӨߵҶڵķ䣬૵ԪƵô죬СӣҪú硣
ӨӨ
ڴ˿̣ԶͻȻһӣ£Цݿ䣬ӨӨĿΪ顣
塣
ӨӨʱ¶ЦݣһλϣСӨӨܺãӨӨϵҲǳС
ľû𣿡Цʵ
ԣӨӨĿ⵱һĨɫҲǱЩ䵭壬֪ҺãϣٴҸľˣʡ
֪ӨӨô˵Цһҡͷðɣ˵£ԼȥӽԺҲٲˡ
лл壬֪ˣӨӨʱ¶Цݡ
ˡ
Ȼ̧ͷҶ׵ķ䣬ЦʵСһƵҩģ
ţȻǻԪӨӨͷ仰֮ǰѾ˵ˡ
еĸǣǡ·ѩ³ǣҩʦʱΪ׬ǧĳպҪ磬ܼУòˡӨӨ˳ķ˿簮
ţһŬġӨӨ˵ͷ

һʱ䣬﷦ζжȹ
һֱҹеҩϣȫϡ
⣬ûһʧܵģȫɹ158ŵҩҶȫվ˴ָС
ʱ˿̣״̬Ҷ˾պһУ򿪷ţ¥
ӨӨ֪æЩʲôδȥҶ̴˹Сܵܣ150ŻԪأôæֽһ㣿
Ҷ׳Ĭһ£Ȼ̽ӨӨûзӦʱ򣬺ݺݵ˶βץһѣ˵ת㳯ſڱӶȥ

ǣ㶼̰ôĳˣҪղһ£͵㲹ҵˣ
ָ治
ĴЦſڴӨӨվԭأȻûзӦ
֮Ũ糺첼ӣӨӨҧгݣȭգԭغݺݵĶ˶š
С쵰ҵı˶ռҵţ

صջҶ׻ζŸղָУ̾˼ҵȷˣһѾͲ˰
ҡһԴҶϲ̵óһҩƿʢ10ŻԪ
ƿһ򿪣Ũĵ޺һͬʱɴ۾Ƕ˼ʮǣֱ˹
ԪƷҩ
ҩЧ
ֵ+3800
ֵ+280

ǻԪԣƷҩеļƷ
ŻԪҶ׺ȻãʥԺ߸ԼļƷҩӦǼƷҩµȵһ֣ĻƷҩôࡣ
˿Լ״̬Ҷ૵ڵľֵ658ͻƹԪҪ3㾭ֵ10ű㹻ˡ
뵽˴Ҷ˷֮˵ֱӽ10ŵҩȫ޺۰Ͱ͵Ŀ⵱Уȫ£

˵İڵҩһ̱ɢҶڵѪɫʱתԲ˼ٶЩ
ͬʱҶ׿ԺУɱ¼״ֻ̬Ǿֵ񲻶ÿһ3800ֵӡ
תۼ䣬תۼ䣬10ŵҩǱѸ̣Ӷ
䣡
ǿϢҶڱ֮ʮأǿҶ״ʱĸоһȭһɽ
Ȼֻʵ֮ʱһֻþԪҪһȭɽڿЦ
ָо治Ҷ˷֮
ɱ¼ǿ¡
̾һʮأ˭һ10ŻԪһűˡң10ŻԪİһ˲䱬㾹Ȼ̵֮ʱȫⶼɱ¼Ĺ͡
Ҷ׵ͷ֪ɱ¼˾˵顣
Ѫ֮ɫĿһҶײδûп
Ҷ׺Ȼ֣Щҩƿȫ˳Ŀ˸п
ǽЩҩȫȥһﵽεΪ
һŵҩǵҩȫҩЧɢڣڶͬҩʱҩЧ͡
ͬҩµԽ࣬ҩЧԽ͡
Ҷײͬɱ¼칦֮£ÿһŵҩһľֵɶ٣ҩЧή͡
ԣԡ
໽ţҶ׿ȻŶӶڵϣΪĵˣҪˣ
ҶĿɿڴǸ
µͬʱҲڵ˵ֻôҶ׵ע⡣
ɶļһ
Ҷ׿Цҡͷùҩƿ޸һ
ЩҩȫҶһֱӽ10ŵҩȫȥ
̼̣Ҷ׸أ10ŻԪȫȥʱôȫˣ10ŵҩ𣿡
ɫû˿ʣֻǿҶףһãٺЦܳԱĸоãҪÿ춼ͺˡ
㡭û£ҶĿɿڴһﵽʲôƣ˿ΪûУһ10ŻԪû£
ʲô£
ɻĿҶףֻǸоҵ˺ܶ࣬ңƺһЩء
ҶһſߣԱȸղŸ߳һЩۿɼģ20֣


ھʮ ͻ
20ֵĸ߶ȣ࣬ҲԲ٣ϡ
һɽԶȥ˵20֣200ֶ˵߾Ͳһˣʱһ˵Ҷ̿ˡ
һǾ壿Ҷ׸оԼһǰԵáСһЩв˼ʵ
֪
϶˵ԼȷĴ𰸡
ֻǳ10ŻԪѣ㳤ô࣬ȷЩ˼飬ƽǼʮϣڻ
ññܿȷǳԱˣΪˣԼĶӴЦ
һ˫ۣȴһֱڶ޵Ǹҩƿ
ء
˿̣ȴǴצӲϵĹĵŵϵһƿԪͬʱҶš
Ҷ϶ʱ˼ߣһ̫ˣ򲻿ƿֲż
ùҩƿҶװ佫ƿ򿪣10ŻԪȫ˳
޶˵һţͷǶһ㣬ֱӽ10ŵҩȫУǻȥƵġ
ҶĿɿڴѵһҲһ10ŵҩ
Ȼûôǿ
µҩ֮󣬿µʱɢ˳һ£̷ǲɢģˣҲᱻű塣
վԭأ彩ֱһ˫ӵŵ棬ǵһûˡ
û°ɣҶ׼״̬ãæʵ
ǡ
һ𣬺ȻҵĿ಻һ
һ̫̰ˣղ10ŻԪ𼱵
ô죬ô죿
Ҷȹϵϣѵû֮˸ܱ⻯Ԫĳ
ǡ
޾ҵĿţͬʱǼΪʹڵϴ˹
ԪѾڱˣȫɢԼˣҲΪ̾
ڴʱ޵ĴȻſöԲĵҩĹ˳
⡭ôܣ
һĻ𾪵ĵƷ֮£еҩ弴ģһ﷽ŷѾ10ŵҩȫȥˣôûбɢ
Ҷ״˿Ѿ˲ôˣֻ޿ǧҪ¡
³ŵҩ֮࣬޴ſڵϣ˫𣬺ͨ˳ŵҩ
Ȼ8ŻԪ
һЦСӣǼ񵽱ˣ޶ȻԪ޲ͬһ8ŻԪպʵȻἫΪ١
ҶĿޣû£ģȴڳ鴤ԺӣԲùˡ
ԼޣܳԵļһҳԵöǵҩԼԺô

ʱƣҶ׾ĵȴǻԪĵڷȥ⣬ǣȫûûΣ˿Ժġ⣬ҶײϵķŰۡ
޵Ϣʱʱ̵̿ǿҶܹĸܵǿġ
һֱڶʱ֣۾Ҷ˵ȴٶȽϵŻԪС
䣡
µϢȻɢ˳Ǿ޴ҲǺȻվ췢һĳХ
ͻˣ˷ܵɫҶҲ¶һĨϲ⡣
鵤
ЦһѾ۳˵ȫ̤鵤
Ҷ׹Цɱ¼鿴״̬Ϣչ˳
ޣ
Ƚף鵤Сɣ˵
սֵ755
ֵ5000
ֵ3000
״̬۷

޵ԣѾ̤鵤Ҷȴɻķ֣սֵ֮󣬻ˡֵ롮ֵԡ
ԣûаҶü
óɱ¼Ժи֣鼮ȷ޵ԣҺͷųֵһģһ
ȻҶ׿Լԣǡֵ롮ֵԣҲǳ档
ɱҶ
ȽףԪС
ֵ8658Ԫɣ5㡿
սֵ742
ֵ0
ֵ800
ֵ1000

ֵΪ800ֵ1000٣սֵȴֻ޲13ѡ
ԣֵ;ֵǰΪġ
Ҷ˷ܣֵֵǿ͸ֵѷ
սУȫƾԷֵʹʲô鼼ͬʱҲܲµԷʲôֶΡ
ֵܹ֪Է״ֻ̬ʣһ㣬״̬ȫǿ鼼䳹׺ɱ
ԣֻҪ֣㲻ʲô¡
˿̵ҶҲѾӦΪԼͻ˹ԪԷųֵġ
˷ܣһΪԣڶΪԼսֵ
742㣬鵤Сɻսֵ700ѣǶԷӵ鼼ֶΣҶҲһƴ֮
ⲻСɡɡԲ֮ǻֱӿԽһ󾳽磬ܲ˷ܣ
á
ҶԼ޳ƣ૵ϣ氡ҵıΪϲ㣬ҵʵҲһ
ԺУȴֱӸ֣Ҷ˵ԼҲ֮ˮ֮
ǰɷңǷãĸģҶ׺Ȼʵ
𵱳˵ǡӡ÷ѧϰģмı
ҲʥԺˡûֱ˵
ʥԺ
Ҷһжʱ˷˵Ǻܿˣ
ñϾҶ׵ĵһŮˣ˼Ϊ̵ӡ󣬶ֳǰ˵Ǽٵġ
ֻǣһͷҲʥԺУǱ֪Լͷ֮£ǡ
ˣ
統ͷˮǹ˷ܾ̱ѹȥ
û½ʥԺڱĵطʱǼġٺһЦŵôǲǸСŮˣҪ˵㻹ҪлϷأСŮ޲츳ǿ󣬶ҳ˾һŮ飬²֪ٵҪĽأ
Ҷ׶ʱһĻֱӹˣһһɣˣԼ̹ס
֮Сáĳƺʵϣ˵Է֪Ҷ׺Լĸ飬ϲġ
ܴ󷽣ڷõϣҶʵǲ֪ܲ١󷽡һΡ
ˣЩˡ
ҶЩ꣬ҡҡͷ૵Ů˶ˣҲʲô¡ڿЩҲûʲôã˵ʱǷûֱӾܾԼأˣһҪлл
õҪɱҶ׵ӣҶ׾ãӦûΪ¶ǺԼʥԺӣпԸ߰ԳݣϵԼ


ھʮ ݳ޵Ļ
Ҷ״ῼ̫ʱ䣬ŵ㣬Լúܿ֡
˿ֿ˿ޣԭҪʣµĻԪȫһɲֵ;ֵ뷨ʱˡ
θڣԼĵҩǸͲá
Ҷ׵ȷԲǣԼ
ֻˡ
ңһﶼԺõĴ֣Ȼͻ鵤ССġǿߡˣҶȻ֪νж󣬵ҲˣԼʮصʱΪĻԲֹ
㵽жҶʵΪԺõҩ֪Լǲ˷ѡ
Ҳ֪Դĵ
վȫ㣬ܲҶһ£˵
á
ʲôûУôվҶڣһץӿǹֻ֮ϣҪ
ȻҶ׵ȫע֮ϣȴҲûקֺ
ңҵҪ㵽жҶЩ٣ע˫ţ档
ϣ
ǳצץסҶұۣȻһקҶ׾ͬһһ㣬ֱ˦˳ȥ
飡
ô㣬Ҷ׸û취㣬û뵽ôȫӦһײǽϡ
ô
Ҷ۵죬ȻûʲôƣȴΪʹ
ġίĵ亩ȴҲܿĶ˵ı顣
ҶҪ˵Щʲôһ˵ĵȷûп˵޺޵ĵᱻ
ҲǲȻԹȽϣԼǰվԪСɵ˹Ǻ䲻ԼģҲ˵ҲǹԪСǿĹ̶ȡ
鿴һɱ¼Լʩչ100ѡ
ͻƣҲֳԼǿҶԼĺ֮ˡ
˼Ƭ̣ʵǰǵ֮ǰɱҹԪ֮ʱĹǿ𣿡
ôˣʡ
ڵ״̬ǿʱļҶʣҪĹԼҪһĲֵ
һ£Ҳ֪һȫֵĻٱӦûеġ
ٱ
Ҷǳ˳һȫ֣ʱİٱȣҲҪ9000Ĳֵ
һ֮£Ҷ׶ʱѪ
һγ֣ҪķԼ9000Ĳֵ⡭ֱ̫ݳˣ
ٱĹǿȣܻɱʲôΪʿҶʣʵ̫ˣҪ
ӦÿԻɱСʿǱ񾳴ɵĻǻɱˣҲԿˡǱԲҲܹܡ˼һ£

Ҷ׵ͷֽܹܣ񾳶ˣܲˡ
һӣ10ƿԪڴϣ̵ɴ۾Ҷ׵֮£Ҵ
ҲͷΪոͻƣû¶̫Ҫõɫ
޺֮Ĳ
̰ԶûмޣޣֻҪʱŻҪҪʱǻϲΪһǱԼûôĶƴ
100ŻԪ28000ֵȫ9000㣬Գ3Ρ
ҶĶڳ鴤100ŻԪԼȫˣͻƵ鵤صĲˣȴֻܳ3Ρ
ǣΪԺİȫҪһ
ЩԪԼܹͻ鵤ص鵤صܹ񾳴ɡԲ
Ҷײȥǿߣ˳˵磬ΪԼһ·
ϣɱ¼Ҳǻʾʥǿ߶ͷ߲ⶼܹ׷ɱı
һգ˱񾳴ɡԲǿߣεĳ֣ʾǿĵơ
ԥգҶ׻ҧҧ۾һգĳ10ҩƿ̱飬ڵĵҩһſűҶ׽¡
ɱ¼Ҷͨûľֵȫ˲ֵ档
ԺУɱ¼֣Ҷ׿ŲֵһһεӣǸǳ鴤
֮ͨˣôĲֵԼҲûкôԼֻҪ⣬ӦþͲǿ߷ͻǳޣЩֵҲǿ鼼ġ
ǰ
Ҷǿһ˿Цݣʲô浽ҪֵʱһҪɲҪڶԸ쵤ǿߵʱҲô
Сӣ治֪ɱ¼ϵײܣôĵҩûбΪҲûӣЩԪȥˣﵱгǿҵĺ档
ˡܸ֪
Ҷ˿ҿԸԺҪӴ100ŻԪṩġ
㲻˵ȻҲʡ
֪ҶеĹƣЦҲԸ㣬100ŻԪܹṩϷ״̬ǿĹ100ŻԪȥ뱾ǿ߰γ֣ûԸӦ
Ҷ죬̾ϢǸ
֪ڹ˵Ҳȷʵûбǿ߻Ϊ100ŻԪԼΣҪ˵Լʵ׬ˡ
ðû⣬Ц㲻
Ҷóҩƿ10ŵҩʣµһֻ8š
һֿ˿ҩƿһ̾Ϣһǽ
158ŻԪһҹ֮䣬ֻʣ28ţٶȣʵ̫̫ˡ
Ҫ˵ʵĵĲ࣬ǺġǱʵ̫޴ˡ
оôҶ׿ʵҵ˼˵Щҩܳ伢죿
ھЩˡҶԼһתԼĶӡ

ҶԼʣҲ˵ҪĶĻ⼸˵ĽӴҶ׾˵ˡ
ٺ١
εЦЦʵղǿЦģЩҩȻҳԱˣǸʱҽԵĺֻܱܶ
ҡݣ
Ҷһ㲻˵ֻһΣ̲סˡ
ԭΪЩҩ㹻伢ʮˣû뵽ͻϡ
˵ģûƭ㣡ҶɫԣæΪԼ塣
֪Ҷ׵ۡ
ԼԴٺЦЩҩܶأİɣҳ㲻ԿģԺ˭ҪǸ۸㣬Ұҿɲһ˻˵Ǹ׳ա
˵ţӵָָޡ
𣡡
˻ȴܿ˵ɫ֪˵Լʱ˵ϣߵ˻
ֵеļһҶĶͷ
ΰ


ھʮ ң
һ׼ϣ峿ʱҪȥˡ
һΣҶû޸ҲԼ˼ʵҶǲôڴ֮ͥµģ޲ԸҲѾ鵤ʵǿ࣬ҲܲһֱǲĿռ䡣
һޣҶ׸ͷС¥ʱǿջƹǾȣΪǵãҶסջʱ򣬲ûдһֻôޡ
Щ˲ĿУҶ׽ȥ
·ϣǳעĿΪǳУûߣ޶ʱ˽㣬Ŀ⡣
ӶŶŶȥ鿤ɣҲǰʥԺ·ߵؾ֮أҲҶѡǼԭ
;һУҶ׽Ƶˣ5000ʱ˺ܶ࣬Ҳûá
ͬʱóƵʱֿ˴ָеǿ飬𵱳˵һƵƷֻҶһֱûа취Ūס
ûж˼߳š
ͷһۣѩ³Ǿ޴ӰĿ⵱ԽԽԶ߳߳ϰǣ߳ɽˡ
һᰴʱġҶ˫ϥأɽķͷȻȥ
һǰ鿤Ҳ٣ȫΪ˱ٷɷ֮صҶѡ·
Ĭߣͷں棬ʱ׽Ūһ£޲Ϸͺ
Ҷף
ԼĪ˰ʱңҲͻȻһԴϲŮ
ϤҶ΢΢һתͷȥֻһ磬Ϻɫɢ󣬳ŮӳԼСܶ
ӨӨ
Ҷ۾һӨӨһŮɡ
ôҶв֪ΪΣڼӨӨʱҲ΢һϲ·ǰ鿤ģҲҪȥ鿤
ѽӨӨܸˣֱҶߣҪȥ鿤
šҶ׵˵ͷ
С쵰ȥ鿤Ϊβ˵֪ͺأʡһġӨӨװ
Ҷ׵ȷûиӨӨԼҪȥ鿤ֻǸӨӨԼҪǰʥԺʥԺԺܶ࣬۹УӨӨܲµҶȥĸʥԺ
ⲻǲ֪ҲҪȥ鿤ҶЦЦ
ҲҲԽͬӨӨ㵸ѱϵİ֮Ҷ׻һӣãǱʾǸˡ
ûʲôǸҶֹһ
˵
ӨӨʱ¶ŭ֮ɫռı˾ܣС󣬸Ҷôģ㻹ǵһأ
ҶɫʱӲ˵ԹԵİӨӨŰ
ȥ鿤ʲôһ·ϣ˲ʱġ
Ӷ˼ȥɣܲܰ׸·ǣ
Уܵõٽ㻹߱أǮ顣
ˣȼɱ
㣡

֮£ϵҲ׽
Ҷ׾ãôһŮԼ·ǲѡ
Լʱȫ뿪ѩ³ǣ·;ҲѾɴС·ԭȻܹٵӰ˿ѾԳԼķͬС·СϣֻӨӨҶ׵̸
һ˭ӨӨʱͷ̲סʵɵӣҡϵëóŶ
˵˭󣿣
Ӳ⣬ȴǺʹĺܣӨӨȻ˵Լ̵Ҫǿ㳤ôķϣһȭ㡣
ҶǺݺݵĳ˳飬һǲ֪ʲôϧ񰡡
ӨӨҲ㶣Ȼû뵽Ӧô󣬿ߵӣ̿ӴǣͷƢͦҾ˵ˣܰôóǳó󣬻˵ˣ
Ҵ㣡
һ̧֮䣬ֱӴ׾룬ӨӨǰ޴ȭͷݺݳӨӨ˹ȥ
ģ
ӨӨĿһɣӰͬȣ˿ȥ
飡
Ҷ׸оԼµĵ涼һ˲̳ɢȥ֮𾪵ķ֣һȭڵҳһ֮Ĵ󶴣ңܵĵ涼ơ
ֱ۾ûôȴܴôǾ޴͸ġ
һô󣿡ӨӨҲǾȵĳСϸܲ˿ΪԲŻ˿̾ԲôΪˡ
ߣ֪Ҷôܴ˰ɣٸ˵ҳСҴһ󣡡ҡһ´ԴԼȭͷ¶ɵЦ
Ҷڼʶжˣ⻹֪ûóȫ£ȭͷ˿¡
𡫡
޼֣˷ܵĳ˻ƺǽһ۸Լ
˵ɵҰޣٽлҰͷ˺޻һȭͷ
ˡ
˵ˣҲֻҶˡ
֪ܴ򣬲˼ұϾŮӣͲһ£
ߣʲôŮ˲ŮˣŮ˳óˣҲô㣬ܸޡһԼıӣ
ҶȻ
ӨӨһЦˣҲûܿĳԸֱ˭ʹ˭
ʱΪҪԵģһ»ֱӰջƸռʱӲӲקһҶ׾һҪлЩʳĶ
ޣ
ӨӨһȻҶ׶ߣЦСܵܣ˵ʲôദͻʲô̡
Ҷһҧгݵĵҿ̲ࡣ
Уǿˡ
ǿǱˣ
ɱ㣡

鿤ɣҪ߰գ֮䣬Ҳû̫ġ
лŮɷ˵ҵʱ֣ǲЩʣ
ڴ˿̣һɭȻ
ҶһӨӨҲȻ󷽣ֻʮӰԶǰһӵĴ󺺡
ǻǴ˵
˵ޱˣŮ֮УֻԼӨӨˣ˵ԾԼˡ
Ҷ׵ĵһ뷨Ǻᣬȥ
ӨӨȴüԵ˭ǺȲ޹ϸɣ
ûйϸ𣬵ҵСӡӴָָҶס
ң
Ҷüͷһ壺Һ£
˵ݺܸ߰ǴЦЦ˵
ŴԣҶĿһת̱䣬ŭӿ
ӨӨң
֪ģֻˣһǵ̯̯ڶӨӨ
ǣǵ̯̯ҲֻҩҶףҶ״δ˵Լ֮¡
ֻ֮ӨӨ


ھʮ ľ
ҡӨӨɫľګڡ
ҶûٶԣһӣӰѸ˺󣬿ӨӨĿ⵱У
Ĳң
Ҷ˲Լ룬ӨӨȻ󺰡
ҽƱ磡
Ҷվһͬʱ롣
飬ѩ³ǣǰϰڣֻһ֪㻹˭
Ŀɭ䣬һ̣ȫ
磬治Լǰ򵥣ӨӨϵѾ׽ˣͷǱ
Ժ˼ǧΪλӨӨֻɺϣ
ΪҪԼУΪҪȥ鿤ɣҲɺϣ
޾ĺͷӿҶҧгݣĿĻһ㣬ɭȻӨӨ
ҶϹˣ
ףĲңûг㡭ӨӨ͡
ߣ
Ǵ󺺳ЦһӰٶޱȡ
ʮҲһ㣬ٶȱҶ׿࣬ɲ֮䣬԰Χ֮ƣסҶȥ·
׶
Ƚף
սֵ
ֵ
ֵ


Ƚף鵤С
սֵ738
ֵ5000
ֵ3000
״̬۷

Ԭ֣
Ƚף鵤С
սֵ750
ֵ5000
ֵ3000
״̬۷

غ
Ƚף
սֵ
ֵ
ֵ

ҶĿɨ֮ˣɱ¼˲䷴Ϣһݵӣٶ鵤ɣϢ
ǣ˶鵤СɣʵҶֿܵġ
ôļơ
ҶɫأΪһĹԪСɣ֮ĸ֣УǴֱʰ
Ҷףǲɱ㣬ֻһҪǾԺΪеҩʦרΪҲ㣬Σ׶ҶףЦ
ǸͲеˣԶӨӨٶںȵǵ˭ΪʲôҪݺңΪʲôҪеҡײƭ
С㣬ǿûݺ㡣
׶ƽңҲûдеҡײƭֻҪСͬ⣬պеҩʦˡ
Ҷ׿˿ӨӨֿ˿׶оӨӨӲ٣ôǿ߽ԼΧϿԼӲȫ֮ӨӨԼΪλҪԼǰϷ
֪ˣ壡
ӨӨ뵽ʲôȻƵҩ飬ֻ֪ģ
ӨӨҪҵŶڴʱһɭɭЦЦ£һŰµӴԶվˡ
ľ壺
Ƚף鵤С
սֵ768
ֵ5000
ֵ3000
״̬۷

Ԫ
Ƚף
սֵ
ֵ
ֵ

̣
Ƚף
սֵ
ֵ
ֵ

ӵϢ̸ԺҲ鵤Сɣվˣȴȫʺţ׶غһεġ
Ҷʵֻܺ鵤Сɿ⣬Ҳֻ鵤Сɣʵ֪ҲܳЩ˵Χ
ľ壡
ӨӨӣɫ̱ŭĵЩģ
ľûش𣬶ЦӨӨұ֪ģκ㾹ȻСӡԭ֮㶯ֵģϧˣһֱߣҸôʱ䣬ٲ֣¶Ҫ鿤ɵķΧˡ
ûǣΪҪҳ֣Ҷüʵ
ľбƳҶһۣľҪ֣ҪɡãԸ㣬ҲӨӨֻˣֱǳ룬Ҿǿã㶮
ľ壬ȡˣ
ӨӨǵ£ֻе뷨ҸͲϲ㡣ǸҶȥ֮ұضҵʲôԼӦ
ǣСǼУ˵Ҫءң룬ҲҪʱ޶֤ƾܴˣǿЦľ˿ӨӨв
˿̵ҶҲǿˣȷӨӨԼСĽԼ͸©ʲô塯ľ壬ν塯ĶӣƺϲӨӨԲŻ½Լ
ΣӨӨΪԼֻ֪ԼأȴҪ߱ˣҶܲ
ʥԺӣɱңͲʥԺŭҶ׳һ£һóʥԺ
ľͫһҧҧߣʥԺΣû˻֪ɱ㡣
֪
ӨӨľЩҡ̵һʥԺˣѵҲɱ
Ҳɱ㣬һطյļȫĨȥľĿɭЦڡ
֣
Ҷ׼ľƺҪԼ֣˵к޳֡
ͬʱҩƿҶǰһģҩƿʱ飬20ŵҩҶУϢѸǿƬֱ֮ͻƵ˹Ԫɣ
Щҩԭιģʱ˿̣òתɾֵԼͻơ
ڴﵽԪС֮սֵӵ812
ʱ˿̣ſ׶͹غΪ鵤ɣվľߵԪ˵ΪȻǿ
20ŻԪ
ڳ˶Ҷ׵Ķȫɴ۾¶ŵɫ
һ̣ľɫ˵ͻƾͻƣһôĻԪ£ҲЩҸˡ
СӣҪֻܹá
׶ϷһЦӰȻΪȭֱӳҶ˹
Ҵ㣡
δҶ׳֣ǺȻ޴ȭͷ裬׶ȭͷײһ
飡
ɢ׶ģǾ޴Ӱ˺üһһƨڵϡ
ģһﳤô㣬󡣡ֵվƨɣû¡
Ҷ׿ó׶Ķ֣Ժ֮˿£һ廹ǹǿġ
׶Ĺֻ̽ԵĹ֮˷ʮӰ̳֣ҶסԼ˹
𡫡
޴һܿ׶͹غĹ鵤Сɵʿ񱼶ȥ
ƺЩȻ׶֡
ǹغˣĿȫҶϡ
ҹ
ҶӰδڹ֮ʣȻ𣬽ƺݺݵһ鵤Сʿֱ֮ϡ
꣡
鵤СʿʱҽУұȫѣ¶˳
ͬʱҶ׽ǹغݺѹ¡

䣡
Ѫɫӿ绢籪񱩲ǹغĹײ


ھʮ ն
飡
ײҶսֵϾغӰʱɶȥ
Сӣ㵹Щŵ
غһԼȭͷζһԪɣ֮ܳ鵤Сɵĸ첲ҺӲϣƺʲô鼼鼼Ҫˣ
ݣ
£غٶȳʳָָצֱҶ˫Ŀȥ
˾׺ݶҪҶ׵˫Ŀٳ
ҶĶŹغͬʱֱ140Ĳֵϣ
һУֻ˲䣬ڹغ˵ʱҶױѾȫˡ
սֵ+260
Ȼ260ڼȥڶ160սֵ֮Ҷܷӵǿʵ
սֵټ100Ҷ׵սֵʱﵽ912
ɡҶ촽䶯Źغɱӿ֡
Сӣ㳢ߵӥ֮צ
غЦͬʱӰָ֮ӿδٽǼǿѹ
ݣ
ڴ˿̣ҶȻָͬʱغһȻצֱغ˫ָȥ
Ҳ㳢鼼
˻ֻйغԼܹҶ׵Ļﵱгɭ⣬˻һ˲䣬غ;ﲻԣﲻԣҲ˵
飡
ֻƷײһ˲ҶͫȻһɣɫֱǹغָͷץסͬʱغָ֮Ƿӿһ̣ȫҶ׵Ƹ˽ȥ
ܣ
ϴʹغ۾ɵϴָǱҶףӲĸ˺
ͬʱۺһ̣˳ԼָȫӿҶ׵ڡ
ҵغ𾪵ĲҺ
Щҵĵھͻ㣡
ҶЦһڷչغһȫӿһ˳ŹغֱۣĵﵱС
һΣЩȴ̺Ѫ֮ɫ
ҶӰˣͬʱе
飡
غδü˵ǺȻըɢķջΪʧ
һԼ״̬ҶҪȻ300㣬ڵֵҲֻʩչζѡ
ջҲǲģֵ3300㡣
һ˼ǣҧ270Ĳֵٶն
ն
ֵ270
սֵ+380
ֵ600
һ֮Ҷ׵սֵٶȱ120ֱǧﵽ1032
֮󣬵Ҳǽ

ֵ400
սֵ+530
ֵ900
ҶײûжһΪǶһˣ800ֵҲʩչ
Ҳ㹻ˣ

غɱʱڶĿ⣬׶սǳͷۣȻÿζᱻһǲˣʯͷģһʹ
Ǳ鵤СʿΧ·磬ϳһЩơ
ӨӨȻҲûţȫǣסˣΪ鵤Сɣԭ򣬶ԷͲֻ
ڳûгֵģֻľ̡Ԫˡ
ľԭΪƾ׶Щ˵ʵԶԸҶȴû뵽ǹغȻҶ׸ɱˣ
Сè壡̳ƾԪɣȻܿԽһ磬غɱˣΪ鼼ǳ߼Ҳף
Ԫ̣ϣС̫࣬һˡľɫû뵽Ҷ׻ôѲ
ǹԪɣȴ鵤ɵ˸ɱˣʵ̫ˣǱ˫
ڲףΪʥԺὫҶա
ݣ
ԪͬʱҶ׶
һ֣ǿ
䣡
Ӱһһңһ㣬˵ɢ˲һڵֱӳҶ׺
쵤ΡȻ˵
쵤
Ҷ״Цգҿ쵤ǿߣж

³УҶ׽Ųһ棬Ӱڿնûأ³ǻ
ն
Ѫɫӿȫ³֮ϣһ޴ĵâȻ֣ʮ֮ڼſֱԪ¡
䣡
ײʱ޾ĳ
֮µĲܱ߲ϲ
âݺԪ֮ĺ֮˲䱬飬ӰҲͬʱɶ
ͬʱѪɫâҲ˲ɢҶɫЩףѾȫ
֮ǰѾʩչ⻹»Ԫ²ſٻָʩչ
һ˵״̬ȻǴʺţҶײܿǵֵֵûм١
Сôǿ󣿣̺Ԫأǰ߲ŵĵ
ԪҲ𾪣ܻɱغҲͰˣǿϻ֮ܿ⣬ΪȻֹԪɣ
Ūľüͷ
ɱѣϼѡ̳һ£ľүʥԺӣʵΪѲҾãûҪȥ
ѾˡľĿ¶ǽ첻ɱպʥԺɳҵ鷳
гϵĶӣҪ㣬ҲҪһµġԪƽ
˼ǲٳˣľüͷһ塣
ǲ룬ǳҲûá̵
ԶҶˣ˵ЩʲôгƬֵ̣ߣ
㣡
һȭٴ׶Ժһֱľ޴ڵ˺üһµԶȥ
ģҵţ´μ棬ӷǴ㣡ܱ߳׶
ܹû˹غ׶ΧƾЩ鵤Сɣ˵ܹѹ·磬ܣ˭Ҳס
غҶ׻ɱ׶̺ԪȻҲ׷жҶЩɵҧҧȴҲû׷ȥ
Щ鵤СɵʿûǸغɱˣȥҲûá
ľүôˣ׶ЩģغСһһ𳤴ǹֵܣôҶ׸ɱˣŭڡ
㻹ס𣿡ľɫ裬ʵϣҪҶ׸
ʵ֮䣬ûжĶԹֻΪҶӨӨãľҪɱ
ҶֻͨˣҲˣƫƫʥԺӣľ֪Ҷ׾Բôưոݵġ
Ҷ׵ȥӨӨŷľ壬ҧгݵľ壬ǺôĵӣԺҺʲô˽Ҫɫǲǣ


ھʮ ӨӨĵǸ
Ҫһ㱨ֻľ忴˭Ҳ°ɣľбۿӨӨ
ȷϲӨӨϲһ˵ģǡ̬ĳ̶ȡ
ֻҪӨӨģ˭Ҳò
ŰɣҴЩ飬صܲһὫ췢ҵģ
ӨӨһ鿤ķȥ
ľ忴ӨӨıӰЦһתһȥ

ͬʱҶڼٿ񱼣Ҷײȷľǻ᲻׷һ׷ˣԼ̺Ԫס޺϶Σա
ҶҲܱ֤Լİȫ»ԪſٻָģϵĻԪһֻʣ6ţһԪ꣬ûʲôָܹˡ
ȻĲֵҶһֱã򲻵ѣһֵ֣Ĵۣʵ̫̫ˡ
ȵңȵң
ͬʱں󺰵˵ܡôʲôҲûС׷
ɵҰޡҡͣ¡ҪӾ͡㡭
ȻҶײжܡ
Ҷ׻ͷһۣԼѾʱľ˵ȷû׷ĻǵٶȣҪ׷ͽԼסˡ
㿴㱿ʲôƵġҶ׷˷ۡ
վԭأݺݵĺһŵˣһûУôܵĶ
Ҷ֪һпһֱڵԼʣǼŻԪ΢΢óŸߺŶҲû
ٺ١
ùԪĵһ¾Ȼ£ǰεҫһ޷ŭĿ⵱Уһȥ
û£ԺеǡҶ޵Դ
Ȼľû׷ҶҲҷɣһ·ϲϵĴߴߣʡ˲ٵġ

ٽ鿤ӴӰǳҶ׵ߵС
ò˵ѩ³Ǻ鿤ǵȷûа취ȽϵģǹϽ֮£ʮѩ³ôĳǳأɼһߡ
鿤ǣҶҲǷģľٴ󵨣Ҳ鿤ǵжԼ֡
Ҷף
ڴ˿̣ȻӨӨĺ
Ҷüͷһ壬ľ֮£ӨӨĺøУҲֱ½
תͷȥֻӨӨٴԶĶͷԴˮһ·϶ûͣٹ
Ĳңûг㡣ӨӨҶףĿ⵱ŨŨǸ⡣
֪Ҷ׵
֪ЩŮ˲ɿ©磬֪ᣬл˵ˣ˵©ǰɣϳٻٻŰۡ
ӨӨ죬ҲûĸȥۣҵĴҽ壬ľҲ֪ҲᱻľΧҺܺãСҵĵڶףҾø˵ЩûʲôҲ㣬ҡ
ˡ
Ҷ׻˻֣Ҳνġ塯ľ嵽ʲôϵϣ˵ʱ֪ʲô˵ʲô鲻˵һеʵ˷Ǿ⵽ľĶˡ
һҵͷľġӨӨϽ
ͷ
Ҷľ֮ǰӣЦˣҵ飬Լȥ
Ϊ˱ʾҵǸ⣬㡣ӨӨҶǲ䲻ӣһóһ塣
ҵ壬ܵһǳأֻҪеĵطԷԸǰκ顣
Ҷ׳һ£ӹ塣
֮ɫǳ£Ͽ̻ˡӨӨ֣һɫĵϵš
ǰҶ׵ıԣȥӡ
ף壬ԺУ᷽࣬ûǮҩ飬ӨӨڣҲҩû壬еǾԲͬ⡣
±ˣòô
ͬıԣҶұ¾֮϶ȥƴûǸʵͱҪ̣ٺޡ
лҶ
ͬʱҸһ顣
Ҷ׿ӨӨݣӦǱľҪߣľ嶼鵤ıڣҾãҲӦøԼżԺٷ֮ǰ£ıҲԱҡ
ҵĴ
ӨӨ֪Ҷ׻ľ飬ȫû֮ǰǴһķȣǵ͵ʵҸ׸ҰһЩģֻǿȥˣγһԼ


ھʮ ҩӤ
ӨӨҶֺøм࣬һ鿤ɵʱ֮Ļﶼǳ١
ʲô񣿡ӨӨҶһ·ûһҿаġ
Ҷһ˼ȷǲ֪Ŀꡮ·Լۡֻ˵鿤ԼѰҲԣúķһЩʱ䡣
Ǿ鷳аҲһ£·ǶǹԪɵʿҴ˷񣬾Ƕ֡Ҷ׵
ã𣿡ӨӨûһԥ̴Ӧ
ٸŪһŹ޵ڵɣһ1򡣡Ҷ룬һ񣬻ɱʮ޹ޣһš
Ҫǻ˭ɱģӶ²ں
ţɣȥϢһ£ҺܿͻϢġӨӨҶ״ǰС
ҶȴѣˣһиһҿջĿջʱȥұˡ
ӨӨһڹҡ
һ·ߣʱ֮󣬿Ǿ޴ƣ漫װݻſڿǹԪʿ
ǡɣеĸڣһҿջҶ׸ӨӨӨӨЩίĿУһͬ˿ջ
ջУǲ޽ģҶ׶óһЩƹЦǺǵͬˡ
һҹҶûڴϣϵ׽Ūޡ
ʥԺϼһﻹ湻Եģⶼȥˣǻ㣬ԼʥԺ֪ˡԹ
ҲҶеʣǻȥ񣬶Ѿӽʮ죬ʥԺûԼѵԼȥʥԺ
Ӧʲôµ˰ɡҶοԼ

һҹȥ峿ſ
Ҷüͷһ壬û֪ԼѵӨӨôԼˣ
򿪷һӰǰȻ
Ҹˡ
ӨӨֱ߽˷䣬ͦã·ھסʱסĿջ㶫䡣ۣڰٱĿջУԼÿʮʱȥһˣһֱŻĻ񡣡
лҶ׽ӹ񣬱˱ȭ
ҶףӨӨҶⲻ䲻ӣвһŭȻҼӵĸһЩ鷳˵ˣȥҵͷľġͲеšԭһΣ
Ҷһˡ
ˣ
ӨӨЩݺݹҶһۣܳţͬʱбһӶ˵
ӨӨȥıӰҶ㶣Ц
Ҳûڴ϶룬һʱ䣬ʮ㻹ʱҡ
˼Ƭ̣Ҷ·ڵķ䣬š
˭ڴһԷŭҶǣȻŮӵ
ûлشٴš
Ƭ֮󣬷Ŵ򿪣һ˿ЩɢңŭӴ˷š
ʲô£ŭҶס
͸ţҶԼܹһŮӹӣûڣҼҶʱ򣬾ȻһЦָһԼ촽ǳջ
ʲô¿˵ӼҶЩ㶣һļ
ҶæջĿ⣬װŵŶԲߴˡ

ֻشӶʱŭڣһϣƬ֮㴫˸Ӹ߿ŮǽŭȫйŮϡ
ȻҶ׻صԼ䣬óһ£¶Цݡ
ûͣ٣Լ߳ջٱĿջ
ٱջڵĿջǺԶʱ
Ҷ׽ջһЩԵģڴ˵ȴ
һЩʳǵţҶĬĬţҲ̫ġ
Ŀһֱɨܡ
֪˶೤ʱ䣬Ҷһ£Ҳõʮˡ
Ҳڴʱ¥һЩӣԼʮ꣬󣬿볣˸롣
ҶĿ˲ǽֻһ˲˻ȥ
һǻˣǴˣۡ
۸ƹĲ֪˵Щʲôܿ˿߳˿ջ
Ҷ̽ϡ
ߵķ򣬾ȻǳǣҶ׺ɻӨӨ˵ÿʮȥѵǳǣ
۲ʱͷһۣͬʱҲɨ裬Ҷװ£תת￴Ѱ˿ȥֻ·һ
ܿ죬۱˳ǣҶҲǸ
Ҫȥ˿ûͣļҶײü
ĸʱƹС·鿤ѾԶˣţҶʱķ
ǳƫƧһСɽ
ҶЩȲˣҪǰɱȴǺȻڵ𼱣Ҫȥʲô
ǰһ˵ͷ
ǰһʱȥ
һСɽȳҶ׵ߵУۣǽСɽȡ
ҩ
Ҷ׸ûʲôֱ֣ΪҩʦеƷҩҩˡ
ڽɽ֮󣬾ǽһɽС
Ҷ΢΢Ҳ˽ȥ

Ƭ֮һЦҶ׶С
ûбˣǴЦˣȻۡ
۵֮ˣ﷢һҩ
ף
ҶһѸǰ
ɽڲڣҶʮ֮ȴһĨ֡
⣬һҩġ
ҩˣһŽɫʵʵҫ⣬ҫۣھӨ͸һűʯ
ʵڲжƯҶϸȥⶫȻ״Ӥ
Ӥ
𼤶ĵȻǷҩֵطȻзҩСӣ׬ˣ
Ҷ׵ҲЩļǵãʥѧԺԼʱ򣬾óһҩջ󣬶ҩʥѧԺǰѰ٣ɼ֮
ôһŽӤļֵԵֵǻԪˡٺһЦҩЩƷƷҩͲһεģͬͱ֮䣬֮
ŽӤûг죬꣬ɫɽժ£۹ֲûÿʮͳŻȥԭǷ˷ҩû壬ȴܹܵĿĶǽӤ
һ뿪ɽ֮ȥ۸ɱˣĵ·Ѿ֪Ҳ
ɱ˶ᱦܳ顣
ңҶ׵ĿۣûӤҶҲҪɱ
Ϣ˳ɽҶһԾϣɽĵȴš
Ȼûã۱ɽ˳
¿˿΢ģ¶Цݡ
ʲôأ
Ȼڴ˿̣ԴϷʵĵЦͻȻϷ۶С


ھʮ ɱ
ҶǴζЦһ̧ͷ
˭
¡
Ҷ״Ϸ΢ЦĿۡ
ɨҶףΪҲǹԪɣʱﵽ˹Ԫɣ츳ǿӦûɣ
ûңˣǴӶӵȡͷ­Ҷ׵
Ц
Ŵԣ֪Ҷûк⣬ɫҲǳ׵ͬΪԪɣɱң
Կ¡
ҶЦЦֵͬʱһҪл㣬ҵһ׵ҩ
ɫһ䣬Ҷ׹ȻǷǽӤ˫ɱЦĺʵôʱҾȻûз֣ҪõǽӤҪҵԴҪûʵ
δ䣬۱Ǵӱͳһѳ˸ɭɫ󣬿Ҳ
ҶҲǹԪɣܸԼ֣вҴ⡣
ȥ
۱һӰֱӳҶ
ǳ֮ƣӿ֮£һ׵â
ҶЦһ⵶âԼնʮں
鿴һ۵սֵֻ520㣬ǲ³ҶҲܽɽ
ȥ
ҶӰһȭͷȻѪɫȭâҪǳӲƴ
Сӣ̫ˣ
ˣһĨЦҶȻҲǹԪɣϾ̫Сδս鼫٣ȻȭͷֵԼĳֱ
飡
ȭͷӣһ죬Ѫɫ۵ͬʱײ۸ղ¶ЦɲǼʧһɼǿķ֮ӳ洫ǰһ𣬸оҪѿһ㣬Ϣĸо
Ҷһâ˶ȥ
ʲô鼼𾪵
µ鼼ʯȭҶ׵Ц
ܣ
ɫƷ鼼ôôֵܵ
Ҳɻء
Ҷգգۣʵϣڰ̾µ鼼ȻǱⲻЩ߼鼼ģʩչĻ۴˿ͱɵˡ
սֵ˵ܸߣǸߵ鼼ӣǲʹøߵ鼼ʵսҲûսֵôߣͬڣֻʯȭͲɱֻۣս˸ƽֶѡ
ɱң
ɫٴͬʱȵ㳢е鼼ն

ӿǳ֮ϵĵâһ̣˰״ѹֱҶס
µâҶ׵һЦҲе

ʯȭ֮⣬Ψһһ鼼ˣʱ˿̣ҶײԼ鼼Щϡ٣Ūһٶȵ鼼ء

³Ȼ֣Ҷٶȼ죬Ѫɫâӵ֮򶼰Χǵص˹ȥ
䣡
мǵâֱ۵âײ΢΢һͣһ̣ǵâ̷顣
ͬʱâҲ£һֱ֮ϣ۸
һµʱǱҧԳֵǷ֮£ֱӽ䳤Ҳһ³Ѫز
ˣ
ҶüоʱѾϢ
̽һ£Ҷ׶ʱ¶Ц
ۣ
ȽףԪ
սֵ320
ֵ30000
ֵ300
״̬

ҶûǰȥһȻ̧е³ͷ­
Сӣԩ޳ΪǵɱңʵΪǣʱڹ۲ҶףȻ۾ȴҲܸܵҶҪԴ
ۣҪܶô޴ʹ࣬㾹һڵװԡ
Ҷ׼һµҲû׷ɱζֻǹ¼ҹһɱ㣬Ҳֻ50ѣΪβˣ
ҲǽӤһ֮ǰѾֵģң֪ҵʵܽ˹ʵӵУΪҩڳ֮ʱᷢһЩ˵ע⡣ԣҷֵʱ򣬱㽫ͨ鿤Ԫˡϵ˼£ֹסѪ
ΣҶüͷ
ֻҲ֪Ӥʲôʱ죬ɱңʵ֮ժˣһһ룬ΣĿ⵱дڴ밧Ѿ֪ԼҶ׵Ķ֡
Ц
ҶۣЦǲǾСǳƭ㷽Ż˵ˣҩڳʱ򣬶Ȼ󣬼Ҳɱ㣬ʱǿˣҲ᲻ɣ
һͣȷû£ֻҪȷҶףԼƺһЩѸ롣
СӣԪһƣԤұɱǺ֪Ϊ֪ӤڣֻҪˣ󲿷ԭΪӤˡһˣƾͻ飬ʱ򣬶ԪһѯǵĶ֣ɫȻҶӲԣҧгݡ
óǿƣҶüͷһ壬ЦȻˣҲɱ㣬ȥǳ֮ɱǡҾͲţܵ˳ǳصУҲܶҶ֡
㣡
۶ʱ¶壬û뵽ҶСС֮ͣĻתҪ롣
վס
ҶӰǰ
ۻƴ˿Ѿˣʵʹ룬սֵ֮ǰ520320Ҷ׵Ķ֡
飡
һۺ󱳣Ҷִ˺һ鲼ϣͶסץ˫֣ôӲĿ鿤ȥ
һ·ϣŬҴ˵֮ϡ٣ûע⡣
ʱ֣Ҷ׿ǧ֮鿤ǣֱӵϣϲ
Сӣɱң
۴ţƻһʱı䣬ɱңһʱ֮ڣᱻԪ巢֣αطҪȡ
˵زǲɱ㣬ԺҲưոݣˣʲôҶĿ䡣
ұֻ֤ҪңһǺ㣬Ҿ͵û£ģҶɿڵƣæ
ҶۣһۻδӦ֮ʣֱӽԴ
飡
ҶһֱעҵǿƣȻ˵Ҷ׽ɱ̱֮ˡ
ݣ
Ʊ֮Ͼһ΢΢һһֱ̣ճҶϡ
Ҷɫһ䣬һֱסԻ˵Ԫ˸׸о
ⶫԪ˵Ҷײ֪ʲô鿤ִǳصгģԲˡ


һ Ԫ
֮ҲơһﲻƣΪвң˵ȴʵ
ԼǽסâҶ׻һӿ𵽽á
鿤ǡ
Ҷ׵ͷҲĴ㡣
Լٶȥӣ˳ſڡ
ǻҪҶҪǷѣ䣬ȴƳҶϵâʱͫһȵ㲻׼ǣȶԪǰѯʡ
Ҷɫһ䣬ҲϵԼһ˼ǣóŽƱλ磬֮ǰ׷ɱңγ֣֪ﶫԪ壬λæһ£𣬵λȾˡ
ŽƱйâһȴȵҵ˶Ԫֻȼ˼ɣ޹أȻ㡣
ҶװùôһƫƫǶԪģӦǳ
ǶԪغܴҶײﵢ顣
תȥ
ȻһȴסҶ׵ȥ·ЦûʲôҶԪ飬ΪҪܣ
ҪȥҪͬ⣿Ҷüͷ
ҿûô˵
ǻһֻϣҶԪж죬²ʲôˡ
Ҷŭһ´ԼǲǺˣôĳ
ңһ磬кˣΪԼѡ
øÿҶһѾס죬ԷֻԪСɶѣֻΪԭ˸
㻹Ҷ֣ǻ̲ˣŵĵҸ㣬ҿǶԪĻҶңûѶԪУСĹ
Ҷ׶˵žžž⻤ϣȵֱסˡ
ŹѣҼסˣҲСĹҶָһ⣬Զȥ
ʵǻҲ֪ǵʵסҶףԼǶԪݣŸҶףǰš
жԪš鵤˶ҶǶ֣˿̣Ҷ״˼⣬ǻһǷӦһ˺ʲôȥ֪ͨԪ壬˵ұ˴ˣ˵쵰ɱ˶ԪˣϱסԪһŹǻ쵰ģ
Ǿһæͷųȥ

ͬʱҶͬͷӬͲ֪ܡ
ǶԪ徹Ȼ鿤ֵط廤Ȼǿ
Ҷ૵һʱѣһܱҵ
ݣ
ٶȼ죬ǰȥ
ʱƣʱȥ
Ҷ˿иǰȥΨײʱ򣬷ŻͣϢ
ӶǺҡ
ҶҧгݣԭΪ۲ûʲô˭뵽ΪⶫԪ塣
ɱ۵ĽҲҪ300򡭡500𣡡
ҶԽԽѻ𣺡ģ˵500򣬾5000Ҳֵ
ʵϣӶʱۻûǽӤǺͶԪûʲôϵǺ飬Ӷ𲻻ֻô㣬ܹӶᡣ
Ҷ׵ùҲǣ֪ôһŷ׵ҩԼܹӵеģԸ鿤ļ嶫Ԫ塣
òҩӤȴܵõԪһЩ
䣡
ڴ˿̣ԶͻȻҶɫһ䣬óٶȹĿ֮
ҶԪ֮ˣվס
Ӻ󷽶ţʮӰվһ޽֮ϣҶ׵ߵС
Ҷ׻ͷһʱɫ䣬޽ٶ֮죬޷ݣȣţ
ͬʱǾ޽ǰ֮ʱһ߾Ȼн֮ϳ֣֮Ǵ淢
ģЩ嶼ôţÿγֶҪʮˣҶҧҧӰδͣǰС
ܣ
޽֮ϣһɫһ䣬̤޽޽ٶǱҶУ˲һۣǰ
˿̣ҶҲ֪ܲˣͣŶԷ
Ҷף
ڴʱǾ޽һŮȴ¶Ȼɫ
㣿
Ҷһ۾ͿӨӨվھ޽ǰǳ࿡ݵߡ
ʶӿ˿ӨӨֿһҶס
ȻʶҴСһ浽ĵܵأһֱ׵ܵܿӨӨҶգգۡ
ҶһһЩʲôЦӨӨ㣬ô
ҳӨӨӻСӣûϹʲôôﶫԪ壿
Ҳ֪Ҷ̯̯֣ҷһƷҩҪժȴͻȻ˳Ҫһɱ֮£ֻл֣һСĽɱˡ˭֪ȻǶԪˣҽǵʱȻҲҪ֣Һܺ£ֻˡ
ԭ
ӨӨЦЦתͷӣƴ磬ҿҵܵɫֻǳɫǱɱ֮ˣӦòǶԪϵɣҿ֧㲻ϣֻһЩҪ̶Ԫ˰ɡһᣬƴҸӣô˰ɣΣ
ԪƿҶף𣬲֪Щʲô
ڴʱԪһӳһ£Ȼ˵С㣬ҶԪȻ٣Ҳ˵ɱɱġÿ궼ҶԪϹٵĶȨҲ񱣻ǡǱɱȴ޶ԣ˿ܲˣǻҶԪ
ӨӨüһˣ˭
ǶԪˡЦ
˵Щϻվ޽ģң˭ǶԪˣӨӨɫԣǿԪɫ˵ģԪƲΪݣÿڡ
ӨӨԣӶһ£ȴҶ˵ʲôȻЦǶԪ֧ˣҲӦýһ常
Ȼ֪ԼǷ֧ģ˵ڸƴ罻̸ʲô죿ӨӨ˵˼ɣµɫһһ
ˡ
Ԫչ鿪ˣӨӨҶԪƵУм侧Ƭ֮ǰһжҲܵѣǱɱдȣҲԳ׷ϡ
Ҷɫһ䣬Ȼ֮ǰһﶼ֪ˣֻǲ֪֪֪ǽӤص㣬ģӦò֪Ļͽ۸ǽӤܿˡ
ȶ֣ɱ֡ҶæڣͿ͸ǰЩ˵ΪӨӨڰԼ
֮ǰѾ߹ˣҶԪйϸΪλҪɱ
Ԫ۵ѵûнҶԪУ


һһ ˾ɱ
Ԫ֣ӨӨҵĽ㣬ҽһƴҲûɲܹ۵һ֮οôȷ˵滰
ûв´֮ǰǽԺζģ°޿ɲֻΪݵԭŻͶԪҵĶô
ҶױԪôһʣҲûнƱ磬ʮִݵķʵ
ҶôһʶԪƵҲǲÿɷĵ˵ͷȷҶ׵Ļ
ȻôʲôɵõƴΣõƵأǲͶԪ˵˷ҩӤҶ׿ԪƿʼЩҡˣٴο϶˵
ʵǶԪҶ׵Ļ۵ʵ̫ΪˣŻһ鶫ԪеơôһҪ۵٣ҲǷֹ֮ԪĨڡ
飬ȻҪˡ
Ҷ׵Ļ˵ȷʵǳоݣǶԪôܱ͸ƭȥ˿ҶʮּᶨĿ⣬ֻ΢˼һ£Ц˵
Ҷǰɡ
Ҳò˵ȷʵеΪǶԪܵǶԪıɱҪǶԪŭȷ
ڿ˵˵ЩǼٵģʲô֤𣿡
˻
һζԪƵĻʵҶ׸סˡ
ҶΪѵӣԪֻԴĺһֶӨӨ˵
ӨӨ֪ҶСһֱ浽ĵܵܡε¹شǣ浽˷׵ҩӤǼĳϷǳӣҪҲô׵飬ԡ
ҽҪߣ
СӸҰ
ܶԪƶӨӨʮºͣһתۿҶ׵ʱͺ񿴴ɱţ򣬼ûκοԻء
Ԫôһ˵Ԫ˾ͳҶΧ˹û⣬Ҷ׿½ӲԪץˡ
ӨӨҲǼǵøɵۣ֪Ǻá
ס֣
ʱһȴҶ׵Ŀк˳
ޱȣʮ㣬ͲһҪ˷
ڶԪҶֻ֮ǰƶѡ
ҶףӨӨѡȻ㻹ʲôҪ˵ģҾ͸һᡣ
˵ɣ
˵ԪƼѾҶͷصӡ
ʵӨӨǰ˵ǽҶ״ߣҲֻǸӨӨһӡ˶ѡ
ʵҪҶ״һεĽ潫Ҷ׳ɱȻҶ׵ͷ­ᶫԪ彻ϡͲ֮ˡ
ڶԪҶ˵ʲô
ȷʵɱۣ
ʲôӨӨζû뵽ҶİɱĵǣһֱάҶ׾ҪסҶ׾Ȼˣⲻ
ӨӨͬǣԪҶ׵ĻûоȣЦ
СӣȻеǡȻɱôҲ뿪ˣλִִ£ǿԶˣ
ԪһⶼûС
Ȼ֮ǰˣһ֮˵ĻǼٵģҶױ
ţҵĻû˵أԪִִ¿Ҷײûа㵨ӣ
Ҷƺʲô˵ԪҲǰ˰˵
ţѻ˵ꡣ
ϾӨӨѡԶǾ̫ˡ
ڶԪ˵֮󣬶ԪִõִҲվҶ׵ߣƺֻҪԪһ¾ͻὫҶֱնɱκκۼ
Ǻǡ
ԪնӣҶҲʮƽЦЦ˵
ƴ磬Ȼɱģ˵ĻҲȫģҲΡ
˵˷׵ĽӤϾҪˡѵ뿴Ӥ
ȻҾͿҪˣѵ㲻Ҫ֪Ӥʲôط𣿡
ֱӰҸɱˣδЩֵ˰ɣ
Ҷ׺һʮεİ˰֡
ŶԪû뵽Ҷ׻˵Ļ
ӽӤȷʵˡԪ죬ջǰԼҪ˵Ļ˵˳
ʵԪҲǼΪӡܹ֮׷۱ɱҲΪ۷ֽӤԭ
ҶֱӰѻҲöԪʵԥһ¡
ԥһţܿ͸
ãȻ֪Ӥʲôλãʹǹȥɡ
ɲҪʱ䡣˵˵Ǽٻ½¼ҵĳҲǲܹġ


һ ·ת
ȻԪϣӨӨѾͨķʽԼļ壬̻Ҳܻ档ҲӨӨһֱǣҵ顣
ֻӨӨԪƵĻ֮ʱһء
ȻͶԪƲԶԪȴ˽ࡣӡУԪǰ˵һΪɱ¾ϣǳ׺ݡ˼·ûκܹùķۡ
ҲΪˣԪڼеĵλβơ飬ɼԪӳ̶ˡ
Ǻǣƴ磬̧̫ˡ߰ɣ
̵ʱ򣬶Ԫ˼Ҷ߿ĶԷֹһʧ
ȻرأҶǰֵȻǷƵӣͺɱһ۶˵Сһ
ȻҶ״˿̵ҲǶЩҡ
û뵽㻹̵ͦġ
ҿеѡҶ׻˼νǰʱЩп˵
Ҷ״˿ȴûʱȥĿ佱ҵһʵУǰΣİ취
Ŷû뵽㻹Ǵ֪Ҷ״˿ľ뷨ȴܹо˿Ҷ׵ȷʵȶࡣӦעˡ
ǰ뻻һ룬Ҷ׻ն˵
á˵ɡ
Ҷײͣǰ·ǴһƬïܴɽصʱ򣬶ԪƿҶ׵ĿѾٴһЩ档
ԼҲǶԪˡԼ飬ȻҲĴǱҶ˵ҪһЩ˵ҶֻҪĳɾͺܿҪһЩ
ǼԸģȻҰҲֻһִߡ
ţĴӦܹЩ
ܹ鴦ãҵǿԽύһҲԿʲôͷܹӨӨԵߵ
Ҷײͣ˼ʱû뵽ԪѾ׵׵һ顣
֪ҲֻΪһµġ
ǰˡȻѾ˼飬ٴɱ۵ĵطһĽš
Ϊﲢαֳֵĵط
Ҷ׵ָ£ǺܿһСɽ֮ڣȻɽȷǳȻܹɽȾͷһ۵ɽɽڴȻһߵӲݡĻСɽ׾ͱһ۷ֵġ
ǸСɽ档ҶָָǸʮεɽޱ˵
ŶȥԪƶҶ׵ĻȻšҲԸ˷ѵͰǰĻᡣһĸŶԪ˳Ҷָķȥ
ûãǱߴޱϲõ
үҵӤˡ
үȷʵǽӤ
һǱߴöԪԭı飬ҲǶʱþ
ʱ򣬶ԪưĿ⿪ʼתҶˡ
ʵ˿̶Ҷ׶ҲһЩøˣҲҪҶһֻ鲢ܹƿصģе黹ҪҶԼıֺȡ
Ҷף㻹ʲôҪ˵𣿡
ѾȷɱģΪǶԪ£ҵ˽ӤŻᱻɱġɱ۾ǵǶԪ壬ɱĻһΪǶԪ׵Ĺ
ԣҪ󣬶ԪƼһһٵ˵

ԪƵĻҶ׶ʱЦ
һҶ˷ݵЦӨӨʱҲΪҶԱҪƾԪƴáһɱҲǴ¶
һֱҶ׵ĶԪƾҶƺʲôҪ˵
ҶףȻ쵽Ҳһ㻹ʲôԣұ֤һȫʬᡣҲĿġ
ԪƵĻҶ΢΢һЦ˵ƴ磬ΪҪ˵һ䲻˵Ļ֪ܲܽأ
ţ˵ɡԪһֿ˵Ŀ⣬ʮֲͷ˵
Ԫɨһ飬Ҳ΢΢һЦż˵ƴ磬ûһΪǶԪ£ΪʲôһʼǶԪ壬鱨ʵأ
ҿԿ϶ۿ϶ҪҲõͬĺô
ҶһѾ˺þã˿˵Ҳնͺķʲôһ
Ҷ˵ʱ򣬶ԪƵƤԵգգӡ֤ҶĲ²⡣
ͬʱӨӨҲǴԱվҶ֤ƴ磬۵鱨Ҹܵܵġ֮ǰͺйܹ֤ʵ
˵ӨӨҲͷöԪƶҶ׵ҲһЩ
ʱ򣬶ԪƵļҲǿʼ۵ϲͣȻҵһЩ۸һЩ顣ЩдĶǹڽӤ飬һЩҪôµȴۣ
һܹ֤ʵ۲ֻǸԪˡ
ǺǣжȷʵǿǽƾЩܹȻǶԪļҷ㻹ҪֽŵġԪȻ²˵·ֻҪ۾գһգܹҶֱնһ
Ԫٴα仯Ҷ֪ԼĻѾˡ
Ϊ֮ǰѾԤϵ֮ǰ˵ЩʲôĽĿǰֵʵĻҪֹһЩһа˳ϣˡ
ڱԪôһʣҶҲ΢һЩ˵ƴ磬㻹һΪؼ顣ƾ飬һˡ
Ǻǣ˵ɡԪû뵽ҶڻеơҶôһ˵ҲЩεЦ
ΪҶ׿ˡ
Ǵ˿һԵӨӨҶ׵ĵȴԽԽʢͲȥҶˡ
ԶԪƻ˽ģȻԪô࣬˵ҶѾлϣ
ƴ磬ֻǸ˽ӤȴûиǽӤľλã˵ӤʲôʱҲûиǣ˵ֻŸǰҪõһЩô
Щ鱨ȥ֮ǰɱһǰԪ󻼣ҲǴĿеõ˽Ӥʱ䣬һֻҪƴ籣ҲҾΪԪ¡
۵ҲǷǳý
ƴ˵ɹ۵ģжҪͨ籨űնɱӶõһЩ鱨ͨЩ鱨ƴͿԵõӤΪףһأ
˻ò˵ҶһʵԪƵǳ״ˡ
ãֻҪܹ֤˳õӤҲ㲻һΪĪ֮


һ еû
Ī֮ԪƵĻҶһʯͷأӨӨҲ̲סϲᡣ
ҶҲǳ˿ȴûȫΣաֻʱõ˶ԪƵζѡһ㣬֪֮ġ
ҶֻҪöԪţԼѾ۵Ŀеõ˽Ӥĳʱ˲ܹ׵תΣΪ
ȻڶԪưѻ˵֮һԵĶԪҲٴν侧Ƭһ顣
үҸղ¿һ¼侧Ƭû濴κйؽӤݡ
ŶԼĸĻش𣬶ԪҲǰĿ⿴ҶףϣһԼĻش
ҶѾ֪Ԫƿ϶ΪԼɱ֮ǰ˵Ӥʱ䡣ʵȻ
׼ȷ˵۲ûкҶ˵Ӥʱ䣬ԼõĽһǶԪ޷֪ģӨӨҲ֪Ҷô֪Ӥʱġ
ЩҶѾ׼һȫĻش𣺡ƴ磬֮ǰӨӨʱҾǰȥ֮̽У֪ҵ˽Ӥ
Ӥʮϡ٣һʼҲܹȷȷʵֵĽӤĻ죬Ҫܾˣ̵һʱɱġ
ЩԶҵķθ֮ԣǧȷοӤʱҲûмˣƴΪʲôҼأ
˵Ҷ΢ͣһ£ƺҪԪһ˵Ļᡣ
Ҷ˵ôһ֮ͨ󣬶ԪҲ΢˵ͷãӨӨҾһΡҪǸƭңһҪʬΡ
˵ţҶҲǽԼĿΧԪͣ˵λҶԪˣӦ֪ǶԪļҷ
¹ش󣬱ҪϼӿƽӤϢ¶λڽӤժȡ֮ǰԲܹ뿪ҵߡĻݹˡ֪𣿡ԪƶʱЦһ˵
ȻĻ赭д˽˶оһ˪ƺѾĿɱһˡ
Ҫ֪Ԫڼ֮һɱ¾ƣţе˶̸ɫ䡣ҲǶԪڶԪôҪԭ
ôҵİ㻹𣿡ܹź֮󣬶ԪҲǰĿ⿴Ҷ׺󵭵ʵ
ԪôһҶҲǾûͬһʹ
ƴİȷʵǲӦûصƼˡҶ֪Ԫƿ϶ܹԼߣֱȥԪϢˡ
ҶȷʵȫӨӨΪЦˣлƴ硣
ǺǣӨӨ̶ҶԼȡĽҲûг㲻лҡ
ȻҶʱǰȫˡһƭҵĻ³ˡӨӨҲҪ̫ϣϣԽʧԽ󡣡ӨӨһȸԾӣԪҲԴ˵
֪ˣƴ硣ӨӨǲܶԪƻģԪƵĻʮָ˵ĴӦһ
߰ɡȻѾȷҶײǶԪĵˣԼĸôƶ̬ҲǷʵԵת䣬һЩº͵ĳɷ֡ͬʱҶ׵ĿһЩʮԵͳɷ֡
Ҷף˵˵ԼɡҶ׶ٻһЩɣǴҶѾȡ˶ԪƵΡοϽҶ׻ɳȥ۵ˡҶױҪһ˽⡣
Ҷ׹أҲܹ峤ϻһءҲҪҶףȻҪһЩ˼ˡ
û뵽ȻôۣλǾȶˡҶ׵һЩ֮󣬶ԪҲʼЦ˵
Ҷ׵ôҲûȫ̬ȱ֮󡣺ְܿԼһ΢˵ҶףȻӱϿѾӹһ١ΣȴڣڽӤһ̡
ŶҶû뵽ԪƾȻʼԼЩɻʵƴ磬֪˵仰ʲô˼أ
Ǻǣܼ򵥡Ҷƺûа͸Ҳ
ȻҲ֪Ӥĳʱ䣬ȴ֪ӤڲȷһʱȥժȡҩԾͻۿۣΪƷ
ǼҲǷǳӡ֮аս㱣ҲΪܹ֪Ӥĳʱ䡣
һûеõĽӤξҪˡ˵ΣǲǱøˣ˵ԪҲ˰˵
⡭Ҷǧ㣬ϾɡƵļƻ϶ǻһЩ©ģһѾ֪ǵԪưһǳȷеָʱǾһϢ
ȻЩѶʱġֻҪûһоͶϣ
ƴ磬Ӥʱ䲢ȷҲҪÿȥܹ׼ȷĽӤʱжϳһҳһЩʲôϣƴܹҶײɵӣͨһѾԪҪ£ˡ˵ʱҲǼͶԪƸùϵ
Ҷ׺ͶԪ̸֮ӨӨҲһĻϲƴ磬Ҷ׿ҴСųģ¿϶û⡣οӤǷ׵ҩǻٵġܹõҲҶܹġ
ӨӨһ˵ķǳԣҪάҶ׵ˡ
ӨӨôһ˵Ԫֻܹεʼ磬˵ǺǣСӣôһζάҶסϲˡ
ŲأԪôһ˵ӨӨҲһҡͷԪ֪Լ㵽Ϊֹˣû˵ʲô
ʱ¼ҵҲѾ˹ӨӨһ֮¼ҵ˲뿪Ҷ׵İȫʱӦûˡ
ˣǶԪˡ
һ뵽鿤ͿһϽ·ǵߵУŴ·ļۣҲǺܿһ޴ĸۡǰ
һۡǸžޱȵӴ󣬱һСǵĳҲΪ֮⣬ڶԪ֮һ¥Ҳǰεض𡣴¥ڶԪ֮ڣԪԵư磬ʢһٵľ
ȻҶﶫԪһƬرȲңǱҶҺּȴ֪˶ٱҽһŵͷĿѾ鵤ʵˣ˵Ԫĸˡ
һ뵽ԪԪƱҶ׺ӨӨһȥϻˡֻʣӨӨҶˡ
ʱǲл˵˵Ļˡ


һ ϻ
ڶԪһ棬ӨӨȻ¡
ҶףôôСİ۸ɱˡѵҲҪõӤ𣿡ӨӨ֪ǶԪ˵ʱҲǸСġ
ӨӨСӣҶҲʮָж
ͨ飬Ҷ֪ӨӨĹԼǰûôˡ
ӨӨôʱҲֻǵ˵ͷûֱӻشӨӨĻͬʱҲһתתƵ⡣
ӨӨ㣬εǶˡ֮ǰҶʶƫͲҪҼƽˡ
Ҷ˵ЩǷθ֮ԡͣӨӨĶȴһζһҶƨɣ͸ɬѵ
Сӣʱ򻹲ǵ٩ңǻĲͷˡΪҶ׵ı֣ӨӨָ߿һۣҶᵽ֮ǰξʱ͸ӨӨɬ
ҿֻҶˣĻգ֮ͻŪˣӨӨȻϻġ
ָоҲֻά˶ݵһʱѣӨӨԺгΪ¡ĵҶһԪҳϻʱ᲻¶ˡ
ףȷһ㲻ʲôҪҪأӨӨķĵĹҶף˵ĻҶ׵İΣйϵ
ֻЩ²˿ҶԵЩˡҪ֪ȻͶԪƽӴʱ̣ܶȴԶԪȴһ˽⡣
ܹоԪ˵˼൱ˣҲǵˮ©ȻԪƶѾԼˣôϻһҲ̫ܵĵѡǻͬԪ˵ΣջӤʱ
Ҷףϻ룡Ҷ׺ӨӨʼ̸һЩȽɻʱһԪĻ˽Ҷ׺ӨӨ˵
ӸģˡҶٻЩӨӨʱȴûκεӵıʾߵʱӨӨһĵ֮󣬱ŶԪĻ뿪΢ƫƧСԺԪլ
ܿ죬Ҷױ㴩һ¥Ժһ޴Ľǰ
һǰź׵ľǿ߾վܡǵĳӦǶԪˡ
ҶǰʱһԪĻͷĿҲǴ˳Ҷ׸˽ȥ
һⶰ棬ҶױоסʹоЩһʵȺǵĿļ⵶ҪڱǿһͺԼ嶼ɰ׹һ
Ҷױ뵽ϻʱ򣬶ԪȴԼλվҶ˵ףλǶԪ峤Ԫ
ЩǶԪҵĳϣҲǳϻᲿֳԱƽʱ˵ȫͬ˿̵ĶԪͬһɱһڶԪߣһ費ӡ
ݼ峤ԪƵĻҶȻ֪Ӧôˡ
šԪĮֻ΢΢˵ͷû˵ʲô
ʱԪֽ˵ҶףγϻйҪǾҪѯһ¹顣
ȻҵĪ棬ҲǲġҪʵ˵𺦼棬һᰴռҷгʹġ෴нԪƵǳһЩڱԵλõĳҲ
ԪƵĻҶ׵۾ֻ붫Ԫһ۱ֵͷȥ
峤ġԴرӤ֮۲һЩġ
ȥӼ߰ߵļ¼ҰиۣҪ˽٣ֹκγѼ顣
ļ죬Ƚʵ⼸ĸ٣ҷ۵ԽԽƮһЩвнӴҲһЩ䱸
Ҽ٣͵͵дһЩ顣ǸЩ尵ﹴ֤ݡ
ʱȻ뿪鿤һСɽ桭
Ҷһ棬һپͽô۵顰ʵ˵һ顣һЩҲͷһֱҶ׶ĶԪȴʼûа㷴Ӧһһκα顣
ǵԪĿһӴҶϵʱǻҶ׸оһв
ƣ˵Щ𣿡ԪûȥҶףǰĿ⿴Ԫƻʵ
ȻԪĻʮֵĳȴһҪϢĸо
ܵĪѹǶԪƶʱоһѹɫҲ΢΢ס
ܹо峤Ҷ׵ĻһЩˡԪƱȻһɫӡ
΢һ֮󣬶ԪƲȵ˵峤ˣȷʵ°ȥģҲǸ鱨ҵ˽ӤڵλáֻҪжȷǾͿʵʱժȡӤˡ
ʱ򣬱˵һۣʮ۵ʧҲֲܹġ
οҲʵڿɶӤ鱨ǶԪңͬʱҲ׼˲ϵһҶôʵҲڸǶԪ鷳Ҳǽˡ
ԪƲǶԪţһ˵ҶײµǣҲᱻԪƵĻƭȥ
Ǻǣû뵽ܹͶԪƳΪѣ˰ԪƵһһٿ佱˵Ҳʮ͵˵
ֻ˵˼̫أΪĪ֮һʧȥüֵҲᱻԺ˳Ϊѣ츳ҪʵҲǲɻȱġ
Ŀǰ˵㻹ҪٽһŬܹӵġҶ׿Ǵ̻壬ûһ˿©ҶҲид
ʱԪƵһҲѾǽӽβڸһˡ
šһζԪͬҶ׺ͶԪƵĻ
ȻҲΪһ۶ڶԪӰ켸ǿԺԲƣԪעֻнӤ۵˵ûκ塣ԶҶɱ۵ҲѾǶԪעˡ
ԭġǺðɣ۵ҾͲ׷ˡ̸̸ܹõӤɡ
һ̸Ӥ˵Ȩ˵ľҶˡʱҲֵ٩٩̸ʱˡ
Ӥԭǳɳһ滨
ʵЩݶ𽻸Ҷ׵Ļڱ֮ڳ˾Ԫڶ֮ǰôСҶˡ
ĹؼǽӤԶԪһյòӤҶ׵ΣһվͲܹõ׵Ľ

ҶڶԪĳϻǰɤӶ˵ˣȡ˳ϻΡͬʱҲǸȡһЩȨǾԵõһϵơƣ鿤İȫ൱ܵ˶Ԫı
ֻҪܹԪ˳õӤڶԪĵλ١
ֻԶԶֹϿô򵥡


һ Ӥ
֮ǰҶ˵йڽӤݶûдΨû˵Ӥڳʱ򣬻Ҫɽٵġֻ֪
Ҷ֮Բ˵ҶҪ˴£Ǿ˵˳ϻҲδػţԼ鷳Ϊӭ೤ΪǵҶײûн˵
صԪ׼ķ棬Ҳǿʼ˼ӦӦЩˡ
ɱȻɹȴҲûеõӤΪãΪʵ̫
ʵǿһЩԿԪĻôӤͻ֮͸ӲᱻԪ˱ˡ
ʵһһеƶԴûиǿĸʵ͸ǿıҪͱҪĳɳ
Ѿ˺ΣУڶԪҵĵһϣҶȻ˯ķǳǳķɡܹоһԼ·һء
ʵⲻод󣬶Դһ֮ķɱ䣬һֲͬ顣
ҶףǿȥӤˡҶ׸ո𴲣ʱ򣬶ԪǴԱ˹˵
Ҷû뵽ǣԪƾȻı磬һ棬ƺѾӡҶٴܵ˴̼
ΪܾԪļĹ֮п϶һЩ̿ӦǼֺ֧Լ츳áǽһŷֶԪ֮;ԶԶҪԼڷܶˡ
ɼԼŬԶԶܺͶԪԣȴûаԼĻ˵ڡ
ǶԪȴûô룬ҶƺӦ˸Ҷ׼һЩ㣬ܹڽִĹһõ״̬
ΪǰһҶ׵ı֣ԪƶӡʵҲǼ˲ٷĻҲҶס
Ա߿Ҷ׳㣬Ҷ׵͵ǣٴǸСɽ档
ûпСɽȣҶ׾ͿԶǸɽѾصĸΡѾǸɽλüǵĹĻѾܹǸɽȫֱˡ͸˵ˡ
ǺǣΪ˱֤ȫ˽ﴦһ£ΧȫǶԪˡֻҪûİȫӦûġԪƶԴ˷ǳеȻѾȫ׼ˡ
˶ԪƵĻҶ׵˵ͷŶԪƴһ۵С·ɽܿǾɽڡ
ڽӤܿҪ죬ǻûߵɽھܹоһɵ֮⣬Ǹոս뵽ɽʱ򣬾ͿһŰɫС̫Ѿʼɽ֮΢΢ҡˡ
ûгĽӤǲԼġŽӤĹʵӽ죬ӤԾԽԽһͬҪԽ㣬ȻҲԽľһЩ
˵һЩͨĽӤǲҪٵģΪǵĵûо졣һЩĽӤǲͬ
ǳ֮󣬾ζһµΥ־һǵʱҪԽ³ͷ־
ȻԪҲǵһοӤοӤȻԾСҶ˵ҲֻǴһЩ伮֪һЩ򵥵ݣڿӤʼҡڣû˵ǵҶ׿֮󷢱ۡ
ɽҶ׸˿Ӥϸ۲һ
ڵĽӤһοѾкܴͬˡ
֮ǰĽӤʵҫ⣬ҫۣھӨ͸һűʯڽӤڲӤĶ
ڵĽӤ֮ǰҪһЩͬԶĻͺһöɫС̫һ߽˿ȥȴһöڲ·޾Ľɫһ㣬̲ס̾
֮⣬ڽӤڲһŵģӤ״ĶԽԽһӤʮ»̥ĸ׸Ҫһ
һʱҶ׳ԾС
ţ㾿ʲôҶôҪ򶨣ڶԪƵǰˮ©ѾھΣǱԪƷһЩ߶ˣЩʵ
Ҷ֪ǶԪЩŭˡԼش𲻺ã¾ͻԪƵĻɣǲˡ
ƴ磬ŽӤܿҪˡҵƶϣһŽӤĳ죬໹ʱ䡣
Ȼƶϻô׼ȷһƫҶ֮󣬵˵
ôо㻹ʲôأԪƶҶ׵ĻϿɣǼʵ
ʵܹĳһöӤԲҶ˵ô򵥡ֻĻҶ׿϶һʱ佫㱨Ҷȴûô
ҽɽҶһһöӤͿ˺һӡ֮УʱʱԾ¶һЩ˼顣˵һöӤ϶Ƿʲô˼顣ǶԪʵĹ⡣
ҶܹܵԪƵʣ֪ԼѾȥˣת˵ƴ硣ӤȷʵЩΡ
ΪͨĽӤȻͨӤЩƣȴ˵ı档һöӤâʱᱬһ͸ӵڲͬˡ
ûв´ĻӦǴ˵֮еʥӤ
ֵԪƾˡ
ʥӤѵĻ٣Ԫһ뵽Ǹ˵Ҳǿһһһ
Ҫ֪˵֮ʥӤһЩܴ̥һĴתͻɾţٵ½ϣ½δԲһСˡ
Ȼ˵ȻĻ֣Ҳֻһ˵ûб֤ʵöԪû뵽ǣԼһӤͿһöʥӤ
˿̲ǶԪƣҲһ˷ܡ
û뵽졣һöʥӤʥӤĴ˵Ҳġ˿һöʥӤѾϣĻҵǿ棬˵ܹתأһöϾҪʥӤҲ̲ס̾˵
뵽ԪڸоˡͳֽдһϽһ齻ĸ壬ϣܹһЩְб
ףķȷʵ˴󹦡ЩҪȵӤܹ֮ġʱ䣬ɽȸʱ̹۲ӤԪƴһһʥӤ΢üͷ˵
ʵһöӤֵöԪһ֡ʥӤִ˵еҩȫͬˡ
һЩĵ伮мأ˵ʥӤһǿߵ꣬һʳöӤ൱ںһöΪһ壬ӵ˿ɵĳɳǱ
һɳǰ;ǲġ
ڶԪôżϢͻص峤ϣܹ鱨һʵľ


һ ƼҵĿ̽
ڶԪİţҶʵǺܹġ˵صĻԼİΣ
ԵӨӨ¼Ҵ֮ûٲ顣ϢҶɿ˲١ٴҶױƵ˵˼ϡ
ףҸոյõϢ׼ɼλ⸽бӤǺϢ
һϢһ֮鿤ȻĪ˲ٸ֣鿤ƺҲжǶյ۵ϢʼӤϢˡ
һӤ죬ΣҲһЩ֮󣬶ԪٴγҶ׵ߣ΢ص˵
ܶԪ峤ϻѾʼҶףΪȷһ߰λ鵤ɵĳϡһҶ׵İȫҲΪ˼ġ
ŶҶԪƵĻ֮΢΢˫ۿʼ˼
ʵ˵νӤ֮ʱֵԽԽֵĸ󣬷ж
ֻһ׶ǣһӤ죬϶վھӤĵطĻЩӤ϶ͻᲨʱ·϶٣ΣȻӷ˼ҲǶԪһҶ׵ĵ⡣
ԽӤΪϤڽӤ֮϶ǵһ֡ʱСͺһӤһժ½ӤȻͻڶԪ˵Ļ»صԪĸۡ븮֮ۡǳɡ
һ·ҲΪΣյĵط
ƴ磬Ҹղ뵽һð취취ܹΣյļʣмĿܽӤ˳ͻصԪءֻ취пһЩԪˡ
취ġ
֪ƴΣ
ԪҶ׵Ļ˵ͷ˵š취ȷʵȻʧһЩֿȽڵİ취˵ȷʵԱһЩľӢ
취ı׶ҲеġǾһõӤҲˣǶԪʧ󣡡
ԪƵĻԽ˵Խأ󼸺һǳӣҶ׸ܵ޾ѹѹͷ˶ή˲١
ƴ磬֪Ĺǡ㻳ңһЩĸҡҸߣɱҡͬʱΣգҲԱҡⲻһ𣿡
Ŷ⵹ǲԪ۾գգ̲ס˵
ˣ취һҪϱϻᡣҺͳϻһЩٸ𸴡һεĵطϢһ°ɡԪ˵ʱûһ˿һе¶Ҳ޷²Ԫƴ˿̵˼
ҶǼ£ֻôӦ˶ԪƵҪ󣬸һεĵطʱϢ
ڴʱ鿤֮Ѿӡ鿤оһЩƽʱ¶ͨҲһۼ鿤֮ڵҲǵõ˷ʼ
鿤ȻҲһЩС壬ܹƸĻǱǵĶԪϳǵϼ塣
ڶԪжϼȻҲǵõϢʼԶԪչע
Ƹ飬˵Ԫʲôġѵ֮еĽӤ鿤ˣƼҸۡУһ΢Щɻʵ
ӦûдĻԪĳϻҲôƵжˡܣʱûзֽӤڵλáƸڵϣͷ˵
ƸȻʵǺǿǶǷǳҳϵģϢǳͨĵΡô϶˵ЩӦòʲôˮˡ
һƼȷʵӦûˡ
뵽ּ˵ȻԪѾҵӤôǿ϶жҰ鿤֮߻ӵӤӦúܿͳˡ
ɣٰȨŴ󣬸ɼжһҪ
Уɳȥо̽ϢԲܹýӤ뵽ԪСȥɡ˼һ£˾
ƼѾʼж֮⣬о¥һЩĸ֣һЩ֪ͨҲھ¥֮˽
˵鿤˽Ӥ֪Ǽ١һδ󺺣һ󿳵һߺȾһ˵
ҿӦòǼٵġĻΪʲô鿤ôˣлвͨҪ֪Щ˿ɶΨͼû棬ǿǾԲġһĿӵ˵
š磬˵ȷʵеջ񣬲֪ǲ͸أ˵Աߣһڵĸ߸Ц˵
߸ôһ˵ǰ˰˵ܣ鿤ĸַǳࡣ˵Щˣ˵鿤ҲܹԸ˵ġԵʱǻǼ£ҪԼװ״ȥͲˡ
ھ¥г֮⣬һЩϳˡ׳ȵЩƽʱѵһȫǾۼһã¥űˡ
Щʱᳳ֣ȴûΪìֹܴƺڵȴһᡭ
ǽӤ
Щ˶鿤еȴŽӤʱ󣬴ӶҵӤӶŻġ֮£Ҷ֡ԴС˵Եࡣ
Ԫû˵ٻȻûãԪһЩϹӤЩһС˵⡣
Ҷ׺ͶԪεĵط˲ʱ䣬ӤҲѾ޽ӽˡ
ƴ磬Ӥ໹һʱ䣬̿²ʱͻ졣ҲΪؼʱ䣬ӦüǿɽΧѲӡҶ׿˿ɫЩĵ˵
Ȼûвʲôڤڤ֮һΣڲ
šƺҶ׵ֽȾԪҲǵ˵ͷżϿʼѲܱߵɽȡ
Էǳε̬ѲɽȵʱҶָ֮£ͻȻ˲ԶԼԼĳ˼ˡûв´ĻӦ鿤ˡ
ƴ磬ǱǲƼҵˡҶ״жһ£ܹôҵˣ˺ͶԪһˮݵƼҾͲеڶˡ
Ƹ顣ôҵˡƼѾעˡƸż˹ӣԪƱоЩˡ
ҶףϴǱжǵĺ·Ҵ˴ɱȥסҪߵһƼҵˡ
˵ţԪƱԼߵļʧҶ׵ߵС
ڸҶ׵ϼǱģҲǼˡֳΪˡЩǶԪķԸϾûʲôˡ
ܿ죬ҶױԪҳƵƼ˵󣬶ԪҲ˾Ƽ治Զĵط


һ ΧɱƸ
Ƽҵ˻ڹĿʲôʱ򣬶ԪͻȻӰ˳ЦƸ飬û뵽㾹Ȼ͵͵ǶԪҵĳˣ˵㵽ʲôĿģ
ԪƣƸû뵽ԼصôΣǱƼҵ˸ˡ
һֿƸԾС
Ҫ֪ȻҲʵ鵤ڵʵҲ֪ԪƵʵǿпܴﵽ鵤۷塣
ƾǴŵ⼸ϺͶԪӲƴǾûлġĻ˵ֻʣһ취ˡ
ֻܵĻǵҲԶ˵õİ취𹥶ˡ
뵽Ƹװһµ˵ҵ˭أû뵽˶ԪơôǶԪҲ⸽
ԪΪƸԼٰ¶ֱ֮Ӷ֡û뵽ԷȻԼڴաԪƿûôõ¡˭֪Ǻ滹ûԮ˵սپĺá
Ƹ㲻ҪװɵˣǲǷʲôƸѾܵļ󣬶ԪҲǶ˵ʹ˰ȥƸκλ͵Ļᡣ
Ƹû뵽ԪƾȻ˹ϣҲǰвáʱپҪѾûֿˡ
֣ƸȻûжԪôɱ¾ϣϾҲһˮ֮ˡ֪ԼѾ㲻һ٣ֻܹӲͷƤȥˡ
ɱƸĵһĿǶԪơͬʱƸһϳĻһƼҳϡһԶԸԪƣԼٻһЩȡʤĻᡣ
һӣƸһ˶ԪƵĸǰʽʵȴǳҺ޾·һ־ܹԪء
žһƸһһֱ˶ԪơһƾȻƽɫ
ʱƸߵһҲǴӶԪƵ͵Ϯ
ʹõö˵һ䵶ŷݺݵĿԪһߵļ
ৡһӣһ䵶ſն壬ۿļѾˡ
ԪƸƽ֣ΪԸƼҳϡ
Ƽҳϵ䵶Ѿ˹Ԫֻ΢һָ㽫䵶ļס
ȣŶԪһӰȻʼ˸һ̾ȻһǰչȥûƼҳϷӦһѾƼҳϵϡ
ž顱һƼҳϵ徹ȻͬɳһԪУֱӱԪߵ˵֮ϡһ΢ƺѾ˼ͷʧȥж
ʲôܶڶԪڶԪѾţһ֮󣬻Ƹһֺµĸо
ò˵Ԫʵ̫ˡһ֮¾Ѿʧȥսȥ¾ҲߵˡҪʹȫˡ
Ӱƣ׼ʱƸԥ˶ԪơʱǧӰһ֮бݺݵԪƵ塣
ߣǵСƸ鿴͵ʽԪҲһЦͬһһƸǰʧ
ȣƸ鷴Ӧʱ򣬶ԪѾһˡ
ƸתٴγԪѾһӰ
žžžһײ֮
ƸӰȫ˶ԪƵӰ֮ϡķǱԪƸͻˡ
š顱һԪƵһֱӳƸСϣĽ˺ü
Ƹ黹ҪͶԪƴʱ򣬾ƼҵĳѾƴĳͬʱ֮ǰǸ˵ƼҳҲǴӶԪƵֱӽԪƸסƴʱ䣬ҪƸ顣
ƳߣﲻҪ㿼ǣǸ˵ƼҳˣƴƸ顣
ƼҳҲǵסԪƵĳ·Ƹȡʱ䡣
Ǻǣ޴˵䣬ԪѾһƼҳϵͷһƼҳϵĶͷԪƳ׸ˡ
Ƹ֪ǳˡٲߵĻһ˿¶Ӳ
뵽Ƹ붼ͳ鿤ǵķߡ
ߡƸߵķ򣬶ԪֻЦһƼҳϵĶ鵱пʼɱ
ƸߣƼҳϵĶ鵱һҽд˷ƺò˶öԪƾͻ׷
ģһΪǱġԼҳϴ˷ĲҽƸҲһֵѪĸоǴ˿ݲ룬ֻܹȫˡ
ʱҶ״ԪҵĳϳٴνƸ
˭ƸҶ׶½صʱ̲סʵԪҸûҶôһˡ
Ǻǣ˭ҪҪҪƸĻҶһЦƺѾƸ鳹ûκѵĿܡ
ҶױֵСƸѾʵĵһĿǽҶɱѰͻơһǳҶ׷͹
ߣֿԡҶܹоƸ˿Ѿ˲ˡ˹ִѡ񹥻Լ˵ûаԼ£ҪԼѰͻơ˵Ƹ
Ҷз˶Ҫŭ
һҶһһӰһƸ顣ٶȿ죬ҡҷŵɫĹâƸһĥĸо
ڶҶ׵Ӱٴʵһ£еıҲͬһĨһնƸ塣һҶ׵ٶȱ֮ǰҪ˼֡
ʲôҶ׵ٶԽԽ죬ʵһʼСҶ׵Ƹһʱ֪Լѡˡ
һ£ܹԪҳϵʵô˾ǶԪصĳꡣ
ҲܹôˣұҪЩ鶼߸Ƹ֪ԼȻʵҶҪǿһЩҪɱǾԲܵġڸܵУԽӣĻԽ٣Ҫӡ
뵽ƸȻڰֱľŤתԼ򣬳ϵһɱ˹ȥ
վλñȽ׹ƣ֮ͿԷˡ
ˣҶȻûƾԼʵͿԽƸ΢һʱ仹ûġƸ龹Ȼûк淢ͻתܣʽһˡ
ҶûлģǳƸѵķֱ׷ȥ
ۡ
Ԫҳϵ˲䱻ƸеͲɡ


һ Ӥ
ӰƣԶԪϣƸǽԼȫʵ
ԪҵĳǰӰݺύγһŴ̼ͽֽȥ
һʱҲԵЩ޴롣
žһƸݺݵڰ֮жһơƸƴԼˣҲȫһƽԪҵĳϴɳȥ
ʱ򣬶ԪҵһҲǴһΧ˵ӰƸܷѵĻֻһ˲ˡ
ǺǣԪƣҲӳȥ֮ǶԪ͵ӭƼҵŭɡ
ŰͲһΧϵʱƸ龹ȻԼĿڴͳһͲһĶĻأͷ˿ϸԪҳϵ塣
šۡϸŵԪҳҲӦ
ԼϰѾƸѾܹԼصƼ͵ˡ
Ǿʱ͵ĸоԼһһһѾļͷ
˻һɤкҲ͵һһԡ
գ֮䣬Ƹİ߼ҲǱѪȾˡ
СӣǹݵģƸû뵽ԼնջǰһСˡĲİ
㵽˭֪ԼʱѾ࣬ƸҲǰڵϣһְֻסϵ˿̲סʵ
ʱ򣬶ԪƵӰҲǳǰ
㣿û˵һ֣ԪƵӰѾݺݵķƸĲˡֻ֨һƸĲֱӱԪƵӰ߶ϡԴڵأһѪ«
Ҷ׾ҲǵһɱˡѪ͵ĳ棬ȴǾܹ͵һҲǶʱЩܲˡǼ£ֻܹǿûԼ̫ˡ
ҶףһֱڶԪߵĳϷӦûôˡ
ͷãصϻᣬ˵ҲҪʱΣ찲ٺãƼҵЩ֮󣬶Ԫ̴¡ܿЩƼ˵ʬͱһգСɽָֻһƽ״̬
Ƽҳױɱ֮ƼҼǱҲյϢ
ʲôƸҵļȫˣĸϵĻʱҲŭ졣ûв´ĻЩӦþ⵽ԪҵĶˡ
׷飡ͻȻ뵽Ӥ֮ʶԡӽӤֶȷʵ鿤Χˡ
˵һƸ飬ʮƸ顣һʧһӤ֪ʲôʱܹҵһοһӤԪҵõͻ˳鿤Ĳƽ⡣ǸʱƼҿɾҪʼԪѹƳԲ˶ˡ
Ƽҿʼɳ鿤ΧѰƸʬʱ򣬽ӤʱҲԽԽˡ
Ҷ֪һжϽӤĳʱˡ
ƴ磬Ӥʱ仹вһʱʱˡǰһöѾɴɫ̥ҲԾԾԵĽӤҶһΪӽӤʱԤ⡣
ã̴ҵСɽȳ׷п߸ɱۡԪ֪ӤʱԽԽҲǵΪΣյʱˡ
ͬʱҲǰҶ׵Ҫ󣬽һ׼ˡ
˿ҲѾҹʱˡ
¡¡
ҹĻԽԽ֮оȻһεСҲǴ鿤ǵ֮ϡ
ͬʱһҲǿʼڽӤڵСɽȸͣĽ
˲ʯ飬ɷĩҲ漴
˵鿤ǵ˶Ŀ鿤Ǹԭʮֲ۵Сɽ֮ϡ
ܿһӰ鿤֮ȥ޲ͣĸϵСɽڵλá
ã϶Ѿˡ֮ܵ󣬶ԪƵɫҲԽԽʱӤûе͸ʱ
ˡڽӤԽԽʱ̣һǴӽӤ֮ųʱ䣬ɽȶƬĽ͸ˡ
ת˲֮䣬յ羹ȻӤųĽΪһ壬ΪصһɫŦ
ʱСɽȵѾʼ˾ۼˡ
ӤǱߣǸϿϹȥһЩ˲֪ԪѾǰȻһϲĳ߳ɱǸոСɽȵھͱ߰˸ԪĳϸΧȥ

һ䣬һ˳ױ࣬ˡ
ЩǴ󵨣ǶԪҵĶҲҶɱЩ֮һԪҵĳ˵
ԽԽ˷СɽȣԪ೤ϵѹҲԽԽѾжԪ峤Ϸˡ
ףжýӤܹ׳죿˷ĺɱ֮ҲֽʵˣҲûа㾪ʧӣһ򶨵ı顣
ôϣҶһְȫУܹӰĵȥ¡
ƴ磬ӤѾժˡһӤĽɫâͨһ𣬽ƬĽӤ֮ҶڴŶԪ˽ӤĽǰʼӤժˡ
ڽӤҶ׻ʮ𾴵ġޱȹľſʼСոӤĹʵܿ죬һöӤͱҶýӤҶӸУͬһɫӤһޱСĵС
ˣҶװĿ⿴Ԫ֮󣬻˵
Ҷ׵ĻԪ΢΢һ֣һڲҶеĽӤϡͬʱ߸Ҷ״ͬ·ƽɫһ˳
һ׼һϺɫͷһͬ߳ɽҶ׿ʼŸͬķӴܡ
нӤ׷һٵҶ׶˵׷ȥ
֮⣬߰˸ͨҲ˳ԼĿ⿴ļҶ׷˳ȥ
ֻƼҺϵʼսԼĿⶢסԪơڶԪ뿪֮ǲβȥҪԪĺ˸
Ԫƣ㻹𣿡
ʶĿ콫ӤĻɱۣһƼҵҲǱ·Ƹʮ˵ҵСɽȵĸڿԪ֮ҲǽԼ׷ɱĿȷ
ڱƼҵ˰Χ֮󣬶ԪƶʱҲЦ˳ƸУҳҪɱǲףȷƾǼܹ𣿡
ǺǺǣԪƣɵɵôȥǹĵеĽӤƸָָбŵĽɫ壬ΪȻЦ
ŶȻôȷҪҵĶǾ͹ɣϣǲҪΪһֵǮĶ˷۱ƼһôӣԪƶʱҲЦ
Ƽҵ˿ǲЩڶԪ˵ʱѾ߰˸Ԫĳϳɱ˹
ǵĿ꿴ǶԪơʵѾʼĵĽŽɫĺΧ


һ Ӷ
Ԫϵ˰ɣλϴҺ˸֮ͣԼıó֮ƸжʱҲǿЦ
û뵽ǣǽɱ֮ȴֻһ鱻ĥޱȹӤĽɫʯͷʲôӤһӶʱƸʶԼȷʵϵˡ
׷ƸиոշӦҪƼ˳ķ׷ȥʱԪǿֲǵ
λɱҶԪҵˣѵǾô𣿡ԪֱӽƸһ˵ĵ·ûЩͿԪѾͬһֻͻһɱǵĶ鵱С
ۡ
һĸƼҵĳϱɱ֮󣬶ԪҲ֮ʧһӿǰƸƼҳһһɱ֮׷ԪѾû׷ȥˡ
ڶԪƴ뿪ʱһҶҲڼԪҳϵı֮¿ʼѸٳ鿤ǿﶫԪѾۼ˲ټľӢӭҶ׵ĵˡһζԪҿ˵Ϊ˽Ӥ㳲ˡ
ﻹһˣ׷ȥɱˣǾܹõӤҶڳ鿤ǵķȥͨҲǽҶ׸
СӣеĶɣһѪ֮֡Ҷ׷ɿĳ鿤ӴܵʱͻȻ·ߴܳһͨҶ׸һͲʲôö
Ѫ֣֮ҿǲͨԼļҶҲǹմ˵
û뵽Ҷ׾Ȼʱװɵ⼸ͨʱͷ
ϴɱСӣҪٸˣҶôһ˵һͨʱջ
šȻСôʶ̧٣ǾͱǲˣֵǸɱˣͨϴһ£ͨҪΧȥҶ׸ɱ
ʱҶ׵ܾȻּӰûҶ׻⼸ӰѾ˼ͨ⼸ͨոշӦͱ⼸Ӱֱŵˡ
ԼֵܶڶԪϵĽ£ͨϴʱʲôʱѾûлˡ
ɲ֮䣬ӰѾΧڵСͨϴûȽкѾӰŤϲˡ⼸ӰٴʧҶ׵ܡ
Ǻǣû뵽ζԪ廹ѪӰϵǲİȫΣ㻹׬˰ЩӰϳôɾ䣬Ҳһĸп
Ҷʱû˼ȥ̽Щ⡣˵Ҫġ
ҶԽԽӽ鿤ǵʱͻȻһǿĴڽҶ׸
һ˲֮ǰЩͨ޿ɲļһҲЩӶɢԱǴŵ·һޱȵĵ󷽣ָϸ⻬һִҷ緶ĸо֮⣬ڽҶʱ򣬱Ҳ쳣ľȣƺҶ׵ĳҲЩ֡
ԪİӰϿǲЩ顣һ˽ҶгȥԷɱĳ嶯˿ҶȴûзЩӰҲֻҶ׵ıƺڵȴʲô
ˣŵĿǽӤΪ׿ʮֺͰ˻˵ںҶȴִŲΥ
ǰʶеһƣ˷ʵʱҶҲǽƸ˳˵
ԪˣȻҶе֮ڻ˼ˡû뵽ǰô꾹ȻǶԪˣеõĽӤһ鷳ʹˡ
˻ǲģǼ˵ˣɡǸ㹻ĺô֤һԵδֻҪ㽫еĽӤǣǴߣǾͿԱ֤İȫô
Ŷ˵Ļ֮ҶҲ̲סЦ
գգ۾֮̾˿˵ȻܺãϧˡܻǲܹӤǣϣòҪҵ·ˡ
ЩӶһΪһ̾Ҷ׵ɱҲȻ
ǺǺǣ̫ˣǱ·ӶţһʼӤҲЩ沢ûа⵱£ϧǧ򲻸ñײˡ
ԼŵĺôǲҪ޴ˡ㻹ǹԹԵİѽӤɡЦһֱ˽Ҷ׸Χ
ҶѾ·ˡ
ôˣڻʲôҪ˵𣿡˰ЦſҶ̲סʵ
ǾʱһɫͻȻ仯
ע⣬һһӰҶ׵˳֮ҲǴ˳ſˡǼˣһ˻һЩӰϸɱҲʾʮӶָҲǷΪ͵ķ
һʱӶźͶԪİӰ֮ҲչһҵĲɱʱҶѾʼսĳԭĿĵڵλȥ
û뿪ͱ˸
˿̿Ҷ׵ĿȻʮº͵ģȴѾǰɱˡСһеĽӤұ㲻ô
ȻһеĻұ֤ĺܲҵġЩͷ˵
ƨҶһתͻο˵ߣҪ鿤ȥ
ôܻŹҶף˵һƺݺݵҶ׵ؿڡֵٶȿ磬ֻһƾͽҶ״ĺɳȥҶ׻ǿڵ棬ûܵص˺
ȻʵҲǷǳǿᣬȶԪ˵Ҳֻǿһ߶ѡҶ׶ûз˼ˡٴҲûκ档
һֻ̽ҶٱųеĻ¾Ͳô򵥵ˡ
Ҷױ˵˵ʱ˵ӰٴνϣҪҶױ·
ҶҲǽԼľʩչ
һ
ųһҪҶʱҶ׵徹ȻһƬӰϲͣķתųһȭֱӴա
ڶɢųԽŨأʽԽݶʱҶ׵ӰҲǱԽ
ųҪԼִҶ׵ʱͻȻоԼʼҶ׵෴ʵȴԽԽ
ֶʱųԾһųʱ֮ǰ뵽Ǹȫİ취ȰѽӤֲ˺Ҷףһšڶ˵ӤļֵѾԶԶҶˡ


һһʮ ø
ǹҶ׿ʼĴԽԽʱų͵һ֪ԼԲܹҶ׾Ҳ̾ͷԼԭȵ뷨ֱǹҶϵҪ˹ȥ
СӣȻ㾴ƲԳԷƣĽӤһɡ
šˡһһ˳ǹȻƺݺݵĴҶ׵塣
նеĳǹҪ̽Ҷ׵彫ɱʱҶеıҲǻһư׹Ӱ֮зն
֮ǰҶʹնʱ򻹲ȫ࣬ٴʹЧʹͬһоȻ鵤۷ʵȫһʵʵĶƴһƽɫһҶҲǴûġ
һǹҶױԷĳǹˡܵǹ壬űĻҲǱ˺ѣѪֱһֱҲѾķ飬еĵҹղסˡ
෴˸ӳԾȻܵ˺ûҶô࣬ƾ鵤۷ʵȻûнҶ׻ˣҶˡԿҶ׵жôˡ
µǣ֮ҶʼڱеĽӤſֽţǻ˵áƴɱ鵤۷ǿҲпܱɱġ
ӤҶˣһӰϴһԴ˹еĳǹҪҶ׵ʱ򣬰ӰһѽǹץסҶȡһ
Ҷ׿˶ƴһΡľʼջڹԪɽ׶Ρ֮伸һ󾳽绹࣬Ϊĺ蹵ǲԽϰ˿Ҷ׸ղźԼһƴ֮һƴ֮ҲֻȼǱܵһš
鼴һŵһ˵ҲָġοһȼǱܣʾͻʱٻɱҶ׼練ˡ
ʱӰϴкһ֣޷óѣ˶Ӱϱɱ֮ˡ
ΪԪȻɳô೤ϻҶףŪûԮʱҪսپˡ
ǹڰӰϳֽеĳǹʱеĳǹȻֱӴӰϵؿλá
һ˼ǽԼǱܱҪǰӰһɱӶ˳ҶסӰҲǴ۱ɱ֮ġ
Ҷײͬһ鵤۷ǿȫͬȼĶֵм޵еġټĳУһǹһУֱӴ̽Ӱϵؿڡ
۵һӰϵ徹ȻֱӴ̴Ӱȴûȫ͸ʱİס˵ĳǹҪҶȡĻᡣ
϶ƴҪζǹѰӰϵʬ壬ȥɱҶסʱҶѾһˡ
նֽݲҶ׶롣һҶ׼Լеȫ͸֧֮ϡ
һֵѾ0ɡ600ˡͬʱȫѪѾΪ͸֧ܵĴˡһζƴ˲ɱȫѪѣļҲٵÿˡ
һնȻıɱһ
˷ӦʱҶеĵâѾǰ
˿ɫɷףһĿ־塣Ͼ鵤ǿߣеĳǹ͵ıһǹӰҶ׵塣
ۣۣ
һοǱУΪԼĳǹܹȽҶ״ӶԼȡһû뵽ǣҶ׵ĵâȻֱӿĶͷ档
ŴƬѪ˵ԴֱӱҶ׵ĵâ룬Ѫֱ
7000㾭ֵȻоԼ˼أҶһﻹ΢οһ¡ľֵѾ67000㣬ȻԪ۷廹һξ룬ǾͻҲѾԶˡ
ҶҲȫûи㹻۵ġ
֮ǰĳǹҲȫûջҶ׵һǹûнҶ״͸ҲǺݺݵĴ̽Ҷ׵彫ǰ߹ֱӴ͸̽档
˲䣬ѪҲǴҶ׵һҶױ·֮ϡ
һǹǴҶ׵ࡣֻҪǹҶ׵λðγҶ׾ǱɡֻߴѪҶ׵壬ҶҲǻ췦
Ǿʱ򣬱ҶױڻеĽӤƺܵҶؿŨŨѪջ󣬾ȻĿȥһҪһѪӤĿУֱӽӤڵĴ˳ҶյԼ档
ŽӤţҶλõ˿Ҳ漣Ӥ˿ҲһһӤָԭƺʲôûз
ʱ򣬶ԪѾһɳϴӺ׷
ţû뵽һˡԪҶ׵ĸǰڵѾ²ʡҶףҲ΢̾һ뵽ӶŵսС
ղűҶɱӶŵųųһټ϶ԪƵļ롣Ԫ߼ǳһߵɱ¾ʮʱ䣬Ӷŵȫɱ⡣·֮ϼѪɺˡ
ԪҶ׵壬ٻЩ㽫Ҷ׽ӰϣԼŽӤ鿤ǵĳſڸȥûиоǣ˿̵ĽӤ֮ǰҶײժʱʮ֮ҪһЩ
˵ڵĽӤѾһտˡ
ӤһֱҶտܣԪƲ֪еľӤʱҲûзʲô쳣ܿ㽫Ӥͻص˶Ԫҡ
ӤԪ͵鿤֮󣬶ԪҵõӤϢҲѸ鿤֮ڴ顣õϢ֮󣬰ƼڵһЩǿ߲ǳ׷Ӥͷ鿤ǲǴһƬɱ֮нѳ
Ҷײ֪Լڲ֪лյ˴ĽӤסԼͬʱҲǸԼ˲پֵ
˯ʱ֮ڵĸٻڲͣںŽӤľֵҲʱ̴һ״̬
680006900070000
7900080000
һҶ׵ĵ֮Ȼ΢΢ıΪֱӾ˹Ԫ۷״̬ľֵڲͣС
ŽӤľҶ׵岻ϵĽϣľֵͣʮһңûм
֪˶ãҶڴӻԵѹһ۾ͿӨӨĴߣһĵĿ
ܵܣ𣿡ӨӨҶڴӻ״̬ѹҲһĵʵ
ǰʲôطҶ׻ĴӴ˶塣˿̵һЩƺѾûʲôˡ


һһʮһ ɽԳ
Ҷûд󰭣ӨӨҲһֵ˵ܵܣѾҹҽ˵ٲѹ¾ͻ᳹ҿѹˣҪȻҪҵġ
ӨӨһԼı飬ҶҲЦЦ˵ⲻû
˵ˣѲк󸣣Ҷʲô˰˵Ҷ׾Ҫվ˿ڣ۵һı顣
ɣ㻹ôǿⱾǱӦȻӨӨô˵ﻹǺܿĵġϾҶѾѹ˵Ц˵ûдˡ
ֻҶȫת֮Ҫ뿪鿤ǣ֪Ժûлˡ
Ҷ׵𽥺תʱһ޴ĻжԪĳһɫԪҲվУȴŶԪѵ
λϣһöӤƺ˺ܶ࣬ǶԪ帶ô࣬ȴõô٣вʣ֪λԴʲô𣿡һζԪǳϾʧʮλ˵ͨĻˡǵõĽӤȴ˵ʣȻԪһջ
ǾۼҪҳеԭȻֲ
峤ǸҶ׸󣬸İӰϡ
ܹоժ½ӤʱŵĽӤʵ㣬һ޾ĸоһӶ֮󣬽Ӥ·һʱ˺ܶࡣ
ûв´ĻӤļپҶûйϵҲӶϵġԪҳʮն˵
šԪ˵ͷְĿ⿴ϻĳϡ
ʱһվ˳˵峤ִҲǰӰ֮һ
ִֵĹ֮УҶܵˣӶųһǹ̴屾Ӧñֱɱȴ漣Ļڣò˵˿ڵĻָӤž޴Ĺϵ˵ϻܡԪҳüͷʮ˵
ŶһζԱıԽԽˡѾҶ׵ҲǲȤĿ⿴˶ԪơԪ΢΢֪Ҷ׵ڱ¶ˡ
Ҷ׵飬֪Ҳ࣬ӨӨƼұµģҿҳʵ㽫۵񽻸
ϸ飬ҾһŲ֪ˡԪƶڽѾ׼һشҲöԱҲκֻܹìͷ׼Ҷˡ
ȻˣǾͰҶ״ʡ
ξöԪƺͶԪһɡԪѻ˵㽫۾ıϡ˶ԪƺͶԪĽŲ֮⣬û
ڶԪƺͶԪץҶ׵ʱѾ߳鿤ʼʥԺķ
ո߳ŵʱ򣬾ͿӨӨӺ׷
׵ܵܡûҶ׷ӦӨӨ׷
ڶԪΪӤȱ˲پץˣһЩҩһƥϣ뿪
סǧҪöԪҵץ㣬롭ӨӨ׷Ҷ֮󣬲ɷ˵ı㽫Ҷһƨɣ㿪ʼٱܡ
ڹٵ֮ϣٶԽԽ죬һɫĹâʧӨӨС
ӨӨո뿪ŴͿӺ׷֮ϵĺȻǶԪŶԪƺִ϶Ԫ
ԪӨӨ˽⣬һ׷˳ȥԪӨӨϵȴУӨӨڳſڵʱҲ΢΢һ㶣ŴӺָ˶Ԫ
׷ڣǰҶܵٶҲǲʾҶ׾տļԦ£ٶȼ쵽˼¡
ܹоԼǿһƥӲԪ׷Ҫˡ
ȥʥԺ֮ǰҶҲϸ۲½ĵͼڵͼֽĿ鿤ǵıһɽһɽһһǱ½֮ϣǿһƬɽСֻҪܹ뵽һƬɽУѶԪ׷ļʾͻܶˡ
ߣ֮Ҷײûڹٵ֮˷ʱ䣬˳һС·˱ɽ
Ҷ׵ƨ뵽ɽûãԪ׷ҲǴӺ׷
ţүӦǴˡͷĳͣʱеҲͣ
һִУרŸ׷١鵱ΪĴڣһ·ϲܹȵĸҶ׵ĺ档ĻҶ׽뵽ɽʱѾˡ
ִϣҶѾ뵽˱ɽޱΣգҪȻǵȵԮϵʱٽ뱱ɽڣԪƿԪһ׷鵽׵̲סѯʵ
ԪԭǶԪĵһšԴӶԪ֮ͷͽıԪƸסڼ嵱иĵӾֻ֪жԪƣ֪ԪһͶԪҶ׵飬Ҫ˴ԪơԾڶԪʱ򣬶ԪҲһıġ
ϵܣ֪Ҷ׿һȥģѵҪɡ
ҿǸӨӨҲǵͬͬ۴Ӥע⣬˵ûɡԪһ򿴲϶Ԫơ֮ǰǾöԪǼǰĺˣһͬȻûбҪһֱװˡ
Ŷ磬ɲҪѪ˰
ǶΪ£ôܻ˽أ
οǼҪǣҲҪֵӲУԪԪͱ˵ѯʣҲǽɫһЩõ˵
ԪƵĻԪʱЦ˵ãȻô˵Ǿһ뱱ɽ˵Ļǲģ߰ɣ
Ԫ˵һԵڶԪƾȻҲѹƣֻܹŶԪһ뵽ɽ
ڶԪͶԪһ߽ɽʱҶѾ۵ߣԼ᫵ɽ·֮ϡ
ܶ͵Ҳصʮ̣רѡЩʵСﲶɱ
Ҷ׸ոշãͱһֻɫѩˡ
һͷѩͷֻ൱һͷСţСȫһɫı˪ͺһһϡһޱȵļӲ滹һЩǡһɫڴ棬ʱһͷѩޱȵ硣
СһҪСˣͷѩѾ㵱
һԲעͻӲҪһ˵ֻҪϾһͷǿ׳ʮѩɽϬţҲᱻһҧϲġѩʼҶ׸ǻʱѵ
šҶܹоԼսڽԪ۷֮Ҳʵ˲١鵤һξġҪչϵɱ¾ⱱɽһչֵĺûᡣ


һһʮ ѩ
𡱵һھҶײԶĵطһͷѩ͵ķвĺ
Ҷ׾Ϳѩһۼɼٶȳ߿ϸΪֻһιѩµӰ
üһٶȻǿ찡Ҷһյһ߽ѩķ򡣾ҶתʱѩѾҶ׵һࡣ
ѩ˵Ҷֻһ΢һѡ
һҶ׵ĸǰѩʮԵĹ̬
ѩ͵ĺѹǰȳǰҲһŴ󹭵״
Ŷ
Ҷ׸ոתӵʱֻѩȻͬһ֧ҵķɼһҶ׵ľԾĹУѩֻǰצݺݵǰչһѪҲ¶·ֻҪһӴҶ׵ľֱܹӽĲҧһ
أѩ˲Լ£ҶҲǶʱջǽڶԪܵѹŭҲһйһֻѩϡ
ֻҶ׵ֻƣһֻյԵչ
ѩոҶףӰҲʼζ˸һƬӰȴбȥѩ˫צݺݵĶƴһ
ꡱһƴҶ׵ıݺݵѩ˫צ֮ϡһζƴҲֻѩı˪΢ܵһЩ
ѩ΢ֱӽҶ׵ĵһһѩ˫צ͵ĳһ㽫ҶеıεĿסˡ
˳ת
šԣԡ죬еĵâԽǻѩ˫צ֮䲻ͣи
ȥȻѩӦϱҲޱȣ˵̻Ҫѷɫ֮࣬оȱ仯ѩ͵ķҪץҶеıҶ׿϶ôԴС
߶ԱȣҶ׵Ȼѩֻ˳Ƴ鵶ѩһͬʱѾ׼õһҲ˳˳ȥ
Ҷ׵ıֻΪԼķһƶѩġ
ѩ͵ѹҶϵʱҲԼ͵תѩĶƤ
Ϊ˾ѩľҶ׿˵ǱС
ѩĶƤ֮ϣָ͵һɹָ֮γƵһݣֱӴ̽ѩı˪׵С

֨֨Ҷ׵ָȻ̽ѩ棬תѩڴʼ뵽Ҷ׵档
ɢҶץ壬ѩҲԽԽҶײҴ⣬Ͻս黹ȥתԭصѩȻͻȻըһʱѩ֮ڵҲܵش׷ѿ
ԭѩֱӾôֱӴӰˤ䵽ȥѪҶץѩ˿ڵĵطʳγһѪɫСһء
Ҷ׿ˣ˵ֱǰһƱѩĶͷ׻ͷѩ
һҶ׿˵ǱУǳƯĽѩɱѩ֮󣬱㿪ʼʤʵˡ
һëƤףѪǿҲܳԣһ˰ɡڱɽֱѩصĶӻ֮£еʱһܹܶޣҲеʱ춼ûгԵġҶױҪԼ׼óʳ
ҶԴӽԼΪȹڹԪ۷֮֮ǰҲǴ˺ܶࡣĻǽѩȫĹͷȫ޳ҶҲѩ붫Ԫڱɽ
ѩڱɽһƬһȦ֮ҶҵһǳεĶѨѨЩɲݿԸȡů֮⣬һɽ·ͨһͱڡվͱ棬Ҷ׿ȺɽԼ޷Ŵһ˸Ұˡ
Сһû뵽ľ黹ϵģԷ˵ʵҪǿ࣬Ҫг׼Ҷ׿ʼΪ͵ϮԪҵ׼ʱҲǲ²ѵ
֮ҶڲԶĵطҵһĵطѾԶϺĶѨˡʱɽҲѾҹĻٵʱ䣬뵽ҹʱ֡
ɽҹű̹ǵĺ磬͸¹⣬Ҷ׵߻ܹԶĵطټ𳬳˵ĸ֪ȶԪҵˣҹʺҶж
һҶȻֻնɱһЩͨ޻˽һǧľֵڴ֮ежٶȴѾˡ
Լ֮ѩëƤ֮жĺɽںһˡöԪҵ˶ʱʧȥҶ׵١
үϣѾҲҶ׵ټˡ׷ٳ׷һɽȵľͷЩƵ˵
пҶ׽Լ·֮ϴȥԼϵζ޵ëƤڸԼ壬ܹôס
һҵþʱʧˡԽԽо׷ٳε˵
ȻҶ׼ڸԼζҲ޷屾ʵȳζһҶ޿ǵʱһܹоĴڵġ
ͬʱֻҪΧĳΧ֮ڣһǻġڶԪɫԽԽʱ׷ٳϸϽ߶µ˵
׷ٳôһ˵ԪޱıǻһЩðɡ׷ҶױϾҲһ顣ξҺúú档
㶫ԪƣȻҸͨ籨žͲҪץסѱĻص嵱ҲҪпͷԵġԪЦһ˵֮󣬱ԼƷ߽ѾҺõɽ档
ҶȣԪЩ˵ĻʳҪúܶ࣬ǻһרóʳĳϡһ֮һζĲҲǳǵǰ
Ϊ˷ֹһЩŵζǰ͵ϮҲǽɽ֦ɲݷϣֻ¼ֵѲߡ
ǳԵԽԽʱһֱɽڴ׷ٳͻȻоʲô
үִϣҸоҶѾǵˡ׷ٳӦ֮󣬱Լλ֮˳ȥȫȷ֮Ÿ»صɽ֮ڶԶԪƺͶԪ˵
ŶСǲһζӴܣҪ׽ԲذԽԽϲѪˡ׷ٳϵĻԪ̲סͷ˵
ûȶԪ˵Ԫһ˳ȥ
ִϣҶӦǸصķΧ֮ڡԼӦķ׷ٳ̲ס˵
ߣСӸҵϻıӵ°ëǻòͷġ˳׷ٳָķȥԪֵĺ񿴵ʲôһͳ档
ûȶԪ˵˾ͿӰʼںҹ֮вͣɱ
û˾һʱʹ֮ܿ죬Ԫһ˶ѩʬ巵صӪصС


һһʮ 
ֻһѩǶѣ׷ٳϣǲǸӦˣѩڵϣԪЩͷ˵
ԪһԹϣ׷ٳϾȻðһ麹ִϣҵжһ򶼺׼ȷӦòģڳܿΪѾת˷ˡ
ǺãҾһȥԪ׷ٳϵĻʱٴʧںҹС
ʱҶҲǶڰͣĹ۲ǰĶ
Ϊһʱ⣬ղ붫Ԫײţָ֮֮յ붫Ԫһֻѩ˶Ԫע⣬ĺͶԪˡ
һεĽѵ֮Ҷ׶ڶԪķҲּǿࡣѣƴӣֻһζİԼ뷨ȥˡ
ˣԪѹԴԴϵĴԶҶһļµĸо
û뵽ǣԪʵȶԪƻҪǿһһɱȥĿԾͱ͵һ΢΢ĳ̶ȡڶԪƲͣʱȻһ޻صľо
ѵһô𣿡֪ΪʲôҶҲǸоһı
ʱ򣬶ԪѾĸˡ
顭
ҶҲ
ŶԪ𽥿Ӱ·𿴵һͷ޽Ҫһ¡
Խǿ־壬ҶͻƵĻԽ

Ҷ׹ŪԪΪҵӰ١žͿԪӰӳŸղĵطɱȥ
Сӣû뵽ô챩¶ԼˡԪ񿴵һӰӿԼٶȼ˸ղŷĵط
ò˵Ԫʽ󿪴ϣǳ͡ȭͷҶ׵ԴСˡ
ƾо׼Ŀֱ꣬ӳȥһȭһȭ֮¾ͽǰһŴֱӴ򱬣Ҷ衣ҹɫŷָղֻһЩɵѡ
Сˣңǰε壬ԪɫҲ˲ͬʱĶҲ΢΢Χ׷Χ֮ڵķ紵ݶչ鵽ĸ֪Χ֮ڡ˿ֻҪҶ΢һ˿ᱻ׷
ϧһĹ򣬶ԪȻûκջ
ѵСӲ⸽ղжϴ󣿡
ܣ׷ͨҪûʧ֣һҲ⣡뵽ԪΧĹעҲԽԽ

ҵˣһʮԴҶԪֱӳĳ˹ȥ
ͻʳһ̶Ԫ͵ĴһԼֱȥͬʱ˫ʮָҲ΢΢ĻצƵɫҲ֮ȼ
һ̣ӰȻһֻϻ
ȥɣĸǰԪЦţԼ˫צݺ˵˫磬·΢ٿһЩܹ˵Ƭ
ߣС
ƯԪͬͻĹƣҲûаš˫չʮָſ徹Ȼת
ڶԪ˫צҪץ˵ʱ˵˫ҲǴ߳Լ˦
ԪƵ˫ǺݺݵڶԪ˫צ֮ϡԪ뷢ֱ鶫ԪƵ˫ơ͸оԪƽʹֱӺžƮݳȥ۶ԪôԪƣ½ǡ
ԪϣѵҲҪɱ𣿡ڶԪĹƿʼʱ򣬶Ԫ˵һߣ˿˵
˵ôô񫣬û뵽ǶԪϵܣʧ񰡣ղһҪԪصļơڵͱд裬ĶԪҲЦ
ΪԪƵĳ֣Ҷһɱ֮

ҶӵԶԶ֮ŷԼȫѾˮ͸ˡһѩ׻ĹЧĻҹڱɽ֮ߣȫѾɱˡ
û뵽ⶫԪƺͶԪʵԤҪǿܶࡣһǾ̫Ͱ
Ҷ״ӹԪɽԪ۷壬Ҳսֵ˲١鵤۷ĸ˵սֵȴǲֵһᡣֵ˷Ⱥܴӵ˲ٵսռ䡣
ɱҶ
ȽףԪ۷
ֵ114000鵤Сǣ12㡿
սֵ1132
ֵ0
ֵ2000
ֵ2300
ҶٴһԼս״̬ԼδķչҲһĹ滮
Ȼھ绹Щ㡣ǵͻ鵤֮֮ڴֵͻƵһӷǳӴ֡ǸʱʹҲʩչξͳ˥ߵ״ˡ
ǧ㾭ֵӦôأһ֮̽Ҷ׷θ涫ԪƺͶԪˣа˸ԪҵĳϡЩϵʵٶ鵤ڣ鵤۷Ĵڡ
һ뵽ɱӶųԼǧ㾭飬Ҷ׾˷ܵĸо˵ֻҪɱһ鵤۷ĸ֣Ϳ˳ԼΪ鵤СˡǸʱٶһһЩԪҲһƴ֮ƴԷܹûġ
ӻҪͣѰʱصԼɽ棬ҲǿʼնԪĳϽԼİΧȦˡ
ͬʱҲôͿԼ޻ϣӶԼս
֮ǰڶԪңȻ϶Ƕв㡣ټϿ޶Ǵθס׿ջȻͻĴԴҶױǰɽı·ҲǸҶ׽ʡ˲
ΪֹҶʱҵǡ
һΪԪʵ̫ǿǳҲܹŤתս֡һҲҪһԼӶԼսֵ
һ˼Ҷһȫ֮ߡ
ǾǽԪҵ˷ֿơ
ҪԪҵ˷ֿҪгԼһն
Ҷ׿ʼ׼Ʋߵʱ򣬶ԪͶԪٴ̤׷Ҷ׵ĵ·
׷ٳЩģжϣҲǿʼϵĽӽҶڵλá
үִϣûжϴĻҶӦþһɽ֮ϡһʵɽǰ׷ٳԼ˼˵
ãԪƣͱ·ʼѰҰɡϣ㲻Ҫʧ˵ţԪֻһĸϾͳɽ֮ȥ
ԪľԪҲǺʾ붫ԪһҲֻһ߽ɽ֮СʣµԪҵĳϷֳ飬ʼɽ
ڴ˿̣վͱϵҶǽһ۵סһ鶫ԪҳҲɽʱҶҲʧͱ֮ϣʼƻˡ


һһʮ Щٰ¶
ԸԪЩϲҶ׵ĿģĿҪնɱЩԼΪ硣ֻҪΪٵѶӭж⣬зɱ˵Ŀܡ
Ҷһ֮ԸЩʵԼǿĶԪˣʤʼС˼㡣ҵǣʱվߵġ
һ磬ո峿ɽͱŨŨĴ֡ɽ֮Уʮ׵ķΧ֮ⶼκ塣ʮ׵ķΧ֮ڣܶﶼģģľʹҶ״ɱܵĳɹʡ
ǶԪȻԼɢȥžΪҶ׸һţǴģҶܵġ
ڤ룡еʱ򣬶ԪʮִݵĴӿڴȡһɫԼ·֮ϡ
忴ûʲôáϸȥȴֶȻܹɢһɫЩܹȥס׵ķΧֻ֮Ҫ΢Щ紵ݶᱻԪӦ
ȶԪԪȻûôıʼһŰɫ״塣״壬һֻɵһѲӣƺʱڸԪ䡣
֮⣬鶫ԪĳһҲСȫŹһ˿һҶ׵λá
ǿʼ˳ɽ忪ʼ֯һŴɽ֮޶ȥ
˿̣ҶҲһΪεĽ䣬ƬĴѩΪһ塣ȫϢĵȴԼĵ
Ųһӵʱ䣬Ԫҵĵһ˿ʼǰˡ
ǶԪǿ׳ͿޱȵĴ󺺣ҶҲǿһ£ܵǿҵĴ̼һ㡣ԭǵɫĹâ˿֮̽⣬̽һЩܵӦ
ȻҶ׵巢Ӧ֮󣬶ԪƺӦҲͣ
ߣСӡ֪⸽ˡ
Ҳ㲻ʶҡȴ֪˭
ҶףҶ˶ӣǲ͵͵ǱǶԪҺͶԪơӨӨᣬҪȡ㹻ĺôӶҶң
ֻϧҶҸѾҲҶţǶԪҲЧ͵ġ
Ԫһһ߿Ц
˿Ҷڴѩ֮ǿĵеķŭ촽ҧѪֱǲܹԼ¶һ˿һҲǿеŭǱѩصС
ǼˣҲֹܹԪԽԽĽŲ
һףʮס
ò˵Ԫһ֣׷ҲһġֻƾҶɢҶ׵ĴλáΪҶصʮ̵Ļ¶ԪѾֽɱˡ
ǼˣԪһ뾡취ŭҶ׵ͬʱҲڲͣ
ҶףҲòȷʵЩ츳ٸһЩʱ䣬ܹҶұ𡣡
ϧǣҶҲһثֶѡ
츳ڸԪһ߹ԣҪΪͶԪһˣûκλᣬɱҲǲܵġ
˵һֻܹһˣԪԽǿҶףҶ׵ԽǴ̹ǡΪҶ״˿̸ûкͶԪԿʵ̫ûĻѾȥͶԪƴˡ
ʱɿĳɳͼ屻޾ĥҶ֪ԼѾǸǵĺӣʱΪеһЩˡܹͼһʱ֮ͱԷɱҪ͡
Ҷ׾ԲܹôˣڶԪʱһƷҲǱҶ׻Ĵӿڴץ˳
ߣ㲻ھҰץɣԪΪһ̽ѾҵҶ׵λáûеҶб¶ͬһһҶصصĸ
Ԫָ΢죬ֱۺһӰһȥֱӶ׼Ҷ׵һѾץȥ
ѩֱץ͸
ۡһһѪѩ֮˳
ڶԪһץѩأҶסץһѪֱ֮漴˻
һ˺ɫĳǹٴδм˳
ǹ͸ĴѩһǹʹСҶס塣Ԫ͵ֱӽ˳
ۡһҶס屻ֱ飬ѪĽɡϸһ֪Ҷ׵壬Լ̴˶
һߣԪԼĶҲ͵һ䣬΢Щջ
ǲġҪԼей
ߣҲߣҶסֻҪҶԪֵĵطҶҪݲԪ͵ķŭսǹݺݵĳѩ֮ʹ̡
ۡ
ʮںѩ֮ϲͣ֡ͬʱҲѩ֮Ϲγһ޴С
һڶ֮󣬶ԪŴ̤뿪طȥ
ڶԪԶҶ̲סſ죬۵һһѪ
ҪϴźѩףԪУּӲĸоöԪΪǼӲʯûᡣҶѾԪеĳǹˡ
ǼˣҶ׻ǱԪǹ֮ϵľ޴෭ڣ˲ˡ
࣬࡭ҶһѪо࣬Ͻһö˵ҩֽ￪ʼǱˡ
ڶԪ뿪ãԪƱ˿Ҷײĵطֻ㶣װ뿪
ȻԪĿ죬ߵҲ죬ҶܹоԪʮŰ˾ǷԼصλáΪʲôͶԪһ̽һͲǺˡ
ڶԪƴ뿪֮һԪĳϴ·
źţҶ֪ԼӦÿʼΪĴɱ׼ˡ
Ȼɽ嵽ïֵĴ֣ѩأĵط߰Ҫ˳ɽΨһĵ·طǷֻƽ޹·̡ҶײŻᶨĵȴһԪ峤ϵľӶʵȱļƻ
ӦִϵĽɣѪ⣬һԪ峤̲ס̾
ҲֻǴҴһƳʹﾭҽΪֲ붫ԪƷֿطȥ
ڵԪҳ뿪ãĲԪҵĳڸϵˡ
һҲǶԪʵһϡҶȷԼɱĿꡣ
ҳˣ⼸ԪҳѾӲԶĵط˹ҶҲǵ״̬ȫ׼

⼸ԪҳϿʱҶֱӽһֻɫѩôԼ˳ȥ
һֻѩñҶӵ֮ϣ˲ͽλϵĿס


һһʮ ì
ԭڱɽɽ֮гһֻѩʵһͨˡͬ⼸ûжԪͶԪƵķͱ£Ƕ԰֮ڵٻЩӦġ
һֻѩþôϢıĳʱԪҵĳϾЩĪˣһ޵ѹָдǵʳǿʼС
ಡһֻѩó֮һɫߴѩصд˳
⼸ϵУһɫֱӳѩ˹ûѩԶһɫֱſѪ㽫ѩûȥ
ཡ
֪ôһԪҵĳϺݺݵһĭܵʲô⼸ͬʱǱˡ
ʵֻһ߽һֻѩóԵĳǡǿ־ĸԴǰĶԼֵһֲӰ
ðżķʩչԪϵע⣬Ҷնɱһ̵档
ۣ
ڰɫ߽ѩ¶֮󲻾ãѩþȻӰɫߵ汬ըֱӽʮ׶೤һ׶ֵİɫضը롣
ˣɫߺѩܾˣͬھҲ̲ס̾
һҶ״Աɱ˳Ŀ֮ʵǿǸ鵤۷ĸ֡
ֻҪɱԼͻõǧ㾭飬ԿӹԪ۷鵤Сˡѩ֮гɱʱҲǽԼеͳͳʩչ

ɢ

ն

ͬʱҶ׵ϣ˲ͱһѪɫӰ
һ̣˫ͬշɲٶޡ
ΪһɱҶҲǽе䵽Լ˫ֽյıС
ˡ
Ϊ̫һҲǱֱ죬һ߻ħ˴ﵽ˲̬ķһ
һҶ׵ĹҲǴﵽޣȫбĵâС
ʤڴһˣȻҶʩչǰδеսȫֵı׶Ҳֳ
֮ǿҲǲͣ˺ҧ֮ڵѪѪʱ̴һֱߵѪ״̬ѾѪ͸
ͬʱ沿ҲΪȵʹޱȡ
ҶڶԪǰͬһ沿ɱһģöԪϼͬʱ˵
ǿѾ࣬һּаˡ
Ǵ˵֮еаħǸϽܣ˿һԪĳϱҶ׵ŵŷɥ붼ͳɽĶȥһҲǴһϼ۶ȥ
Ҷ׵Ŀꡣ϶ӵˣѾҶֻܹȫֿˡ
ֻ˿ѾŵĻսսǷ½ɻ࣬ôܺþȫʩչɱһҶȡϸոյֿһ£ͱҶеıֱ˫ۣмˡ
ΪȵĿ־ʹ࣬ʱȻɤзһ˺ѷεĽк֮ҲҶ׸еؿϢһս
ˣеϱɣҶ׸оͷһɣ֪Լˡ
ӡҶһɱԪĳϸɱҲܵɣ˲ᡣ
ûȶԪҵ˷Ӧһ뵽ѩУ˳ԼѾںõĵصҪ֮ززˡ
䡱һҶ׸ոûãԪٶȴԶ˹ͬһսһ
ڶԪڵ֮澹ȻֱһӡĿһɨͿҶߵķǹɨһǹâֱӺҶ뿪ض档
ಡһһǿȻص֮гҶ׷ȥ
ڴ˿̣ҶѾҪ뿪ضһ԰ȫĵط
ǾҪ뿪ضʱ򣬾͸оԼıȻһɺ׷
СһǶԪϿоһǿϽߴٵ
Ǵ˿̵ҶѾû˿ٶֻܹȫһţҪѩ׵ķֿǿ
飡
Ҷ׸ո׼֮һǿֱϣ˿ڳ˺
ۡһѪ汻˳Ҷֱȥ
֪ڻϢʱΪԷȻܹͷųôǿҲӦܹ˳ķҵ˿ɶԪ׷ٵ
֨֨
Ҷ״˿ҲʲôֱӽӨӨŵĴ˵ҩ񳴶һԼĿСҩûгõʱҶ׾뿪˵ضĳڳŴɽȥ
пޡҵǣԼͶһ˿ȥϣ
ȻҶ״˿Ҳѡͻеľ磬ﵽ鵤СɵΪ
ȴûѡôһҪԼʵɱﵡ⻹һԼ٣ԼӳԪҵΧӶԼҵһȫĵطơ
һߣԪޱȰԵһǹȻûнҶȴܹģĸоҶ״˿ڵλˡ
ණԪҳϸϵ֮󣬶ԪҲһȳǰ棬Ҷܵķ׷ȥ
û뵽СӾȻװŪ˹ʺˣɱһϣ£ҲˡԼƤһϣҲöԪ󶯸λһ·׷һ·Ҷף㷢Լеŭ
ǶԪһֱڶԪһյӣǰһжԼûйϵһ
ԪƣǲǳʺˡղȥʲôˣԪԪƻںԼûµһʱŭ
ţԪû뵽ԪȻôǳԼɫҲһ㶣΢΢Щõ˵ϣҸʲôͲҪر˰ɡ֮ˣеζйϵҿ㻹ǸϽץ˰ɣ
㣡Ԫһ߸ϡһ򿴲϶ԪƳһҰףӣԶԪҲһֱһܹͶԪһִȻԣˡ
Сӡ㾹Ȼѵҡ㣬ִʱ㻹軳أԪԳֱϣӶԪƵɫھ
ߡԪҶͬøһԪֻһЦҲǼŶԪ˼ʲô顣
ԪƲ˵ԪҲ˵ʲôɲƵĶԪƺҶһˮ
񶼲˵ĳһѵҲ졣


һһʮ ˽Է
ǶԪƿǼɱ񣬷Ǹȥ˶ûк³Ԫڼʮǰ鿤ӵ鿤ĳƺšԼˣ֪Ǿ˭ܹ˭أ
ȻЩһܹһüһĵͬʱҲﵣһȫˣԪᱻƼѹӴһ겻ԸڶԪͶԪЩһҲìܡֻʼոߵǱű֮ĸǣʱΪѳġ
ţѪ׷׷ţԪȻ֮ϵεεѪ񿴵һȻͣ
ڶԪͣʱһֱں׷ٳҲһƬѪʼ
ִϣҶϵѪЩѪʳ̶жϣ뿪ﲻһʮʱ䡣һ֮׷ٳնжϵ
ãԪƣ˰ɣοǻ׽Ҷ׵ĺûᣡ
ҷֱһ˷·½أһϣ㲻ҪʧˣԪ׷ٳϴߣûȶԪƴӦԹԵ׷˳ȥ
ԪӣԪҲֻЦһ˴һ߰ȥ
ڶԪں׷ٵʱҶҲһ·ײײɽ֮ɽߴ￴ȥǧ׵ĸ߶ȣǰƯţһַ·Ƽĸо
ҪĲҪȥ

Ҷ׿׵Ԩ͵һڶԪҪ׷ʱ͵ĳµıԵͷҲصľԾֳ̬׹ȥ
Ӿһ̣Ԫ׷ͱ֮ǰҶѾȥܿȥȻһʯͷԪ붼룬ֱӽһʯͷ߸ߵľݺݵĳҶ׹ķ˹ȥ
һӣʯͺ۾һһ׹ͳҶ׵ıݺݵҧ˹ȥ

ֵ50
սֵ+10
ֵ50
գҶ׺òҵһԼ׹֮ٶȸ׼һʱȴԶԶܹӳսֵ
ڼƣҲһ໰ջǽһ
û취˭Ҫأû¾ˤҲᱻ׷ľʯֱӸġ
ৡ
Ȼʵڲ١ǺܹӵȷʵҶʩչ֮͵ĸоԼȫ˲٣һֵ³徹Ȼܹˡ
ڴ˿̣һֱ׷ľҲǴıݺݵ˹
ն
֮Ҷ׾ܹ׹Ĺ֮΢һԼӭľʯˡ
һ̣ҶҲǲҷɾ衣͵еıסھʯ䵽ǰʱ͵ĻӶֱֱۣӽıݺݵĿһʯ֮ϡ
䡱һʯֱӱҶеı룬󻯳Ƭ
ǼˣҶеı޷赲Щʯϵ
žžž
һʯɽȥϵҶԭѾЩ͵˿ٴνѪһδǳɹɵʶҲģ
֪ڲʹʱ򣬾ڻԵУҶ׻ƾһǿ־ʼԦԼһ˫εĳ䵽˵֮ϡ
ʱһӵĽŲԶĴ˹
ʲôҲжԪҵˣƽĽŲҶͷһϽԼ˿ֹסһط
ûãҶ׾ͿһϤӰԶٵ˹
ǶԪƣϤӰ֮ҶоȻһ˿ϣ
ҶĵطԪƴ˼һ£㽫ѪɾܿһطոռմȾҶѪѩɢڵ֮Ҷˤļ
ܿԪĳҲ˹
ãҶ״ӵˣһ׷ȥ˵ţԪƱżԪĳϳָķ׷˹ȥ
ʱҶѾʧȥףһޱεĶѨ档
ѨԭһĳѨҶ׽һߵľնɱȻͳΪеˡ
ȻܹѨҪǿĳ֪ĻҶԼȥҲ֪ҪѰҶأ
һһҹȥˣҶײǻĴ˯֮ѹ
ȻֻһͨΣһȷʵָ˲
Сһ㻹ˣжԪƸƨɣĻصĶôΣҲᱻڵҵġҶ״˯ѹҲʮָп˵
Ŷû뵽ԪôϰңԺҪúñˡҶȻΪԪưԼĪ֮һ꣬Ǽˡ
ڶѨ֮΢ָһҶױ㿪ʼеľˡ
ľۼĵ֮һöɫĵԪҲǻľۺ϶ɡһᣬһ󻺻ŨһγһöѪɫĵԪ
顱һѪɫԪ֮γɣҶ׵ľҲǴӹԪͻƵ鵤
һҶҲǲ˷ܵĽк
Ҷ׻ǰסе˷ܿʼ
ɱҶ
Ƚף鵤С
ֵ120514鵤ǣ15㡿
սֵ1402
ֵ100
ֵ5000
ֵ3000
ãҵʵǿ˲٣Ҫҵֵ˱ʵı仯Ϊٴαһ࣡ԼʵĲҶҲһɨ֮ǰƣ飬˫Ŀ֮ҲǱ
ֻҪ΢һ¾ͿɧŶԪˡһЩ֮Ҷվֱӽһ߽ضϳݣӲĳȥ
뿪߶ѨʼһƬïܵɭȥ
ҶͻƵʱԶ׷ٳʮĲҶı仯ʱҲֹͣ˼׷ٵĽŲ
ͣʱ򣬶ԪҲǸоҶڵķ򴫹һ䡣ֶʱöԪջѡ
û̷ǿ˿׷ٳʵ׷ٳϣı仯ô£
Ԫôһʣ׷ٳϸϹش𣺡ִϣҶ֮ڲҲŵûĻӦͻˡ
ͻˣԪüͷŶԪһʹ׷ٳϳŴҶķ׷˹ȥ
Խ׷ԽǾƣͻȻͣŶԪʵԪƣղ㲻ǴǱ׷˹ǸʱȷҶѾǱ˳ΪʲôûץҶףҶ˻ȥأ


һһʮ ɭ
ʲô㾹ȻҷҶףдԪôһʣԪƶʱһʲõ˵
ȻûֱӷҶףҲǼӸܵĻᡣԶԪʵʱȻϡζԪ˾ѣôˣöԪóѡ
ʱԪƲʶԭζԪôҪһִ񣬲ΪҶףΪӶԪԺ󻹻иĶˡ
Ԫƣ⻰˵̫Цˣ˵Щһ𣿡ԪƷϣԪҲһӦ
βܹôˣشҵ⡣
Ļشܹ⣬¾Ӳ˱ʹˣ˵ţԪԼĿڴȡһԪֶ𿴲ôۣȴǶԪһȫͺʹһޱȵԣûһ㷴ء
һƷԪƱ˵ʲô
֪˿붫ԪƱֻ»Զֻܹһ˿ε˵磬ȷʵ޹ء
Сܹǧ׵ͱˤˣ϶ʲôܹоϻķǧֶ
ֶǳϡ٣ҲǹƲ㰡ԪĲ˵һΥĵĻҲ鼫Ȳ졣ЩԪȷʵȵ
ǰִϣԪǶԪҵĶôܴͨأڶԪƺͶԪ֮ìֵԽԽҵʱԱ߼ϸϽȰöԪɫתһЩ
ˣҲǲŹ䶫Ԫһ١
ԭģʵеʱҲޱһǷǳ˽ģԻϵͲҪˡ
Ϊ֮ƣǻ׷ҶǸС˵ԪޱȿĴЦһŹ׷Ԫơ
ԶԪƵĻҲԽԽࡣֻǰЩԪҳϵ˫ۣûкͶԪƳַ
ڶԪҵ𽥳Ҷ׿ʱҶױҲѾ˳׼ҪͶԪҵһ
õȡС
ִҶѾı䷽ˣһ·֮׷ٳЩԥ˵
ǺǺǣС϶Ҫ׽ԲأҶԪҪ㾿мԴԪ˿һֱû˵ĶԪЦ
Ԫƿ϶Ҷ׹һֻҪʱ֮ĹϵͿӦĽԪƳһڶԪҵĵλֿȹˡҶʵʮֹġ
ԪҵһɳڶԪĴֿʼҶߵķ׷ȥһζԪûôɵЩϵжˡ
ҶԽǳűɽӣԽǷֶԪ׷ᡣҶԪҵѾȡѵٵжҶȫʧȥ˴ɱԪҳϵĻᡣ
Уұ뾡뿨޻ͣ뿪ȻĻ׷ϣҵĴġ뵽Ҷױ㿪ʼһɽ֮ȥ
ͱڣҶ׵ľٶԪ۾Уƺ˼Ҷһٶ⡣ѾԤеҶ֮Ըߵ·ˡ
ߣСӣû뵽㻹ǹƶˣɽڱɽľͷһƬޱ޼ʵɭ֡ɭ־͵˷糾۹ı߾ˡٹ˷糾۹
ǾԪҽĵطһޱȻҵҶײǽ뱱ɽǾҵĵطϹϵġ
ԶԪ׷ܣȷʵĿǰ˵õѡˡ
׷׷ţҶ׻ѡܲͱ֮һѾûеһô裬һշеĸоٶԶԶԼ˫Ÿ·ҪĶࡣ
ַҲб׶˵ġÿһӶʮ༸ʱҶ׾ֻܹӰ֮н²ˡ
ˣҶҲԸ·һԿҵޡĻԺǿҲԾԪҳϵΧɱ
𣡡
֮󣬾Ҷߵļ֮һͷ޾ȻһֱʨӴһ
Ȼ޶ٻԵЩ׾ʨӶԿһֻÿһζƴ޷˷ܵĵ֮
¸¸£ϵˣڿʨΪԼռ˱ˣܹһٻʱһ߾žʯľ˴һε֮˳ûͷʨӷӦ˫͵һ޴ʯͷôͻȻ֣ͷˡ
顱һʨӱʯҵͷۻ
˵֣Ҳǳû͵ȥǾЩս˫צޱȵķսҲǷḻࡣ
һǰݺݵ˦Լ˫צһ˵ʨӵĺ󱳡
໣໡
޵˫צͣĴ̽ʨӵĺ󱳣ʨҲǲϵķʹ֮
һζˣ֮ѾԽԽĬڿʨ֮󣬿ֱӴͳһޱȵʯͷݺݵĴ̽ʨӵ˿ڡ
һӿʨѾҲ֧Ųסֱӵȥˡ
һοҪֵȳˣ̲סȥݺݵĽʨӵƤ˺ʼʳˡ
ȻҲϲʳϧ޶ֻܹˡټЩ޶ϲԣûζã濨Ҳǲò޾
ʱҶѾʼӰ֮нˡ
ϵܣôҺﶼеĵˣһҶףüͷ˵ˣ޻Ҳ˺ۣȻûܵˣҲЩҲ̶ˡ
Ҷһʹ¶Ԫ׷Ҳͷðա
һ뵽滹׷ҶױϽʡʱ˵ô죬ûзܹ˵ĶѨҪһЩ׽Բء
׽ԲأϲˣҺЩ˺ܶĵط׵ܵھ͸߰ɡҶҲǴãһץסҶױ㳯һƬȥ
һſʨӡһʱ䣬ǾʹһƬ;һƬĴһǳεĶѨ֮ǰ
޴ĶѨܹͨºĵط֮ⶴѨ֮ϻߵӲݽڸǡ
ѨĸǷֲŴ޵ʬǣ˵׷ٳϣǱ׷ҲǺҵҶ׵ġ
֮⣬ɭֵıԵشûר˴죬ܻܿЩʵǿĻͲ׷ɱҶףǱ׷ɱˡ


һһʮ ԪƷˮ
ãطҪɱԪҵЩ˾͸аˣδɱԪҳϵжޱΣաҶ׿ֻҵһѡ
Ѩһ֮Ҷױȥ˿ĶѨ
˵һѨЩ汻ǰŵķǳõ֮⣬һһҲǽеĶѨͨ֯ɴǷвǿˣͺܿ·
Ϊ˰ȫǻǽΪ׵ĶѨĶѨԷֹĶѨ͵Ϯǵϳ
ҪһǳΣյ飬һҪҵָӣǲʲôҪжҶ룬ǲǹľǣ
һǶԪʵ̫ǿҲΪǵж̫ˡһԪΧϣ֮⣬·һԾҲ޼¡
Ҷֻܹ࣬˵ͷ׽Ѩ治ҳˡ
޶ЩˣҶֻøڵ¶ѨʨӸˣԻͣ
뿪Ѩ֮Ҷױ㿪ʼŶԪ׷ķȥһ·ҶȻҲһЩ͵ޡƾѣɾͶ㿪ǵߡܿҶױһޱȾ޴ǧǰ
һŴ֮ҶױۿΡ
ҶײǲԼ۾ⷽȷʵҪǿ˺ܶࡣ
ȻһͿѾԶ߷ɱԪҵ೤ϡжԪȻһȣƺѾڵλá
Ҷû뵽ԪҵЩϷӦôո¶ͷͱǷ֣鷳ɾǴˡ
ӣҶ״˼һܵ·ߣ㳯ԤõĶѨ˽ȥ
ʲôˣԪϣץҶ׵ģڷҶټʱҲǵһϵҶʧĵطһҶʧĵطֻһƬɭֺӲݣûһӰ
һӾ׷ٳҲЩˡΪܹоҶ׾ԾǴʧ֮ززġھȻûκη֡
ԣӦһЩΣԪȻó׷٣жԱ׷ٳҲ١͵ͳǹɨһȦͿһĵ¶Ѩǰ
ʲôﾹȻһôĶѨѹܹ׾ѣǽ붴Ѩ׷Ԫ˵붴ѨУʼҶ׵ĺ׷ȥ
ڶѨ֮ԽԽǱѨŪЩ֪롣
Ҫֲ֪ͨڡҲ˵Ҷ׺ܴܿط뿪
ĸ·أվʮ·ڣ׷ٳϿʼԥˡ
ѨΪ֣еζʮֻӣֻܹжϳҶײǴͨ뿪ġ˵׷ٳϲĵͷ
׷ٳϵĻԪֻһԹԵĳһѨȥ
ڶԪǴһЩϳһѨȥ
ˣַֿˡ
СһѾֳ·ˣ͵ϮԪƵһ͵ϮԪһ·أҶһ԰ȫĵط֮Щʵ
ʱҶǴмλáֻҪ΢ܹеһ֧档ѡҲ;δĿֵܳ״ľȷпһٵնɱԪһϡҲпܱԷɱ
ѡԪһ·ɡҶȻԼڵʵаաǲǰͶԪ档֮ҪͶԪ棬ҪȰ˵ԪƺԼɱԪ
ܹ󵨵뷨ĻΪָ㡣ûԪ붫Ԫ֮ĶԻƾһľ飬ܹоԪͶԪ֮䲻ɵ͵ìܡҶðճһ¡
ԪƾܾҪôֻܹƴӴܣٴѰһˡ
뵽Ҷױ㴩ʮεĵͨ˶Ԫڵһͨ
Ҷף
鵤Ҷ׾ȻôҡڵĳԼǰԪҲ΢΢һ㶣ͱҶ׵ľˡ
ڶ̶̵ʮ֮һΣͻƵٶȾǶԪҲǲҹͬ
ҶףѵҿɲΪܹܹɱκһǼĳϡҶײûкˣԼԪҲЩʵ
ԪôһʣҶҲǹ򶨵˵ƴ磬Ҳ֪Ǳԩģڱô׷ɱֱĺ
ԪͱˣҲ֪˳ìܣֽԪɱҲǸһڶ
ʲô
㾹Ȼҵǰ˵治Ļǲˡ
ҺͶԪìҲ֮ͬìܣٸ֮ĹϵұȻʬΣҶ׵ĻԪҲǲм˵
ǶԪԽô˵Ҷ׾Խǰߡ
үСӾȻòͷˣǽһ׽͸峤ɡҶ׾ȻԶڶԪߵĳ϶ʱ˷
ƾǽкԪƾǲϳ֡ͻȻϺʶʲôǷӦʱѾˡ
ԪһתһơһƴɭɭĺֱһԪ峤ࡣ
š顱һԪҵĳϾֱӱԪҪ飬Ѫ
ۣ
ڶԪƳ֮ߵǸԽѾ׼ֱתһʹ̽һࡣгջأҲǻѪֱĵڵϣʧȥ
ȻǹϣԪ˵־ͳ֣ҶɫҲһķסԪɱԼʱҲôϣڵʵûл
Ǻǣϵܣ㺦ʲôѵеͲǰһ𣿡ԼĻɱԪ۾գһ£·ֻһЩ۵顣
ȻǣֻǱƴĹϸˣԪôһʣҶ׸ϽҲҡͷ
ҶЩŵı飬Ԫƾûٶ˵ʲôǵ˵ɱЩ˲ʲô
ȥԸԪˣҪԸҪһЩ˼ġ
ΪʮֽƻҪǶܹͱһȫļƲһԳ׽ɱܹ֣һζԪƳɱԼĳϣѾԼƵ·֮ϡԪߵĻôת֮ͻһɥ֮ȮԪĴ׷ɱ
ȷţζԪִҲΪɱԼġԼ֣ò˼죬ԪҲһԼַġöԪȨԼȻԪ壬Ŀ


һһʮ Ʒɱ
Ŷƴ磬ѵˣԪı飬ҶҲ̲סʵܹеԪƶԶԪŨŨɱ⣬ƺ֮ìѾ˲ɵгĳ̶ȡ
У㲻Ҳ롣ҶôһʣԪƶʱ̾һ˵
ȻҶײ֪Ԫʲô͸ŶԪƵĻҶȴܹоԪƿѾǴ˱ɱԪ˼ˡ
Ǻǣƴ磬Ȼ⣬ôܲҲأµľǻƴҶɱˡԪƵĻҶνЦ˵
Ҷ׵ĻԪƹЦ˵ϵܣЦǿˡ
ҶԪƱĲ˵˻ǱȽ׼ģδ϶дչȻԵôôͰɱأ
⣬Ҳ˵ʥԺѧҲǼɶԪ׷ɱԭɣ˵˵ȥԪǲԸ⿴ĺô˵ԪЩε˵
ôȻ±֤棬ӶʹԪܹ˳չ鿤ѹƼһͷǳԶǶԪҾʮֲˣδʮ꽫ȡⶫԪҵĵһϰ˵ԪҲһĿ˵
ΪˣҲŻĽύѣϣ׼ӹܼʱܹһ֮
ǺǺǣƴ磬̫ˣҶ׸ɸһЦû뵽ԪƾȻ˴ҰġһͶýˡ
ӦԪƵı飬ֱ˵˵
ãƴ磬жϡῴˣָҶ׺ܿʹӦ˶ԪƵҪ󡣲ҶײĻжϡ
Ҫ֪һ壬ҲˣҲжĳЩϼûлɡ
Ҷ׵ͷ֮󣬶ԪҲǽԼļƻʵ˵˳
˻׼ԪƼƻʱҶ׻Ǳܸоһ¡
ܹоּƻǳΣգֻжԪı̬ſðķաϸһ룬ûΣôܻ档ԹǸġ
ãҴӦ㣬̣ҿɲұ֤ܹȫ˳ɣ⣬ɲҪҰһ뵽ƻΣԣҶҲ̲ס˵
ƻȻȻûԹԣһоɣˣڿ׼ˡ˵ŶԪƱĸʼ
ڶԪ׼ʱҶҲǿٻصԼϳ޿ʼȥҶԪˡ
Ϊ޺ԵøӵͣҶ׹Ĩ˴ѪܿǾͽ뵽¶ѨС
ΪѨޱȵӴ󣬾׷ٳһʱҲѱ涫˰ҵһڡʱҶٴλصѨУѾЩͷĶԪץסһйڣ»صѨС
֮ǰľ飬һζԪڶѨҲǶһЩжϣ֪Ӧô߲ܹԹʧ
ʱͻȻһϤӰǰһԪ͵һ׷ȥ
ڶԪ춫Ԫ೤ϸոһͨʱͿȻѾ붫ԪƳͻغ϶ԪƺļϾѪУҶȻˡ
ۡһҶ׽ԼĸֵӶԪƵԪֱӵڵѪ
ʲôﶫԪʱˡû뵽ԪƾȻᱻҶ׸ɱԲϣġ
һǰѪȻԪ͵ʿˮûйɱȥ
ԪһɱǶԪô೤ϣ㻹ٲҾҪˣҶ׹⼤˶Ԫһ䣬޴ҡڵĳһͨľͷȥ
ҶϾҪʧԪ׼жˡ
ܣҶֻ֪ǿӴͺ˵װܹסԪġһԪӦɱĻɫҲѽ¶ԪһС
Ȼ޺ʼһضѨʱ򣬶Ԫƺʲô
˵ޣΪʲôҪ£ѵмˣԪȻ֪ʵǿƾűȷʵܹоӦ붫Ԫɱ˲˺ҲǵӦһȳȥ
ڶԪȥʱߵļҲǽ
ϴʬϲ̤ʱԭڵϵĶԪ͵ſ۾һӽеһϵĽŲӸץסûϷӦԪƱվһϵĶͷ֮ϣֱӽĶͷ顣
˿̣ڶԪǱһҲקסһϵĽŲӣֱӽˤһͷ
𡱣ʱ͵ķŭֱӽϵĺû
顱һȭԪֽһֱӻУǴԼߵĳϳŶԪ׷ȥ
Ҷףˡ֪Ѿǿ֮ĩھֻʣ㻹һЩսȰ㻹ǹԹͶҪͽ͵ˣԪȻֱӾͽҶ׸ɱܹоڶԪƵϿ϶ʲôܡϣҶ׻׽ʣӶõĺô
Ȼʿ϶ܽеģĴصڲ
ԸҵĻұֻ֤ǽ˺㣬ҲᰲȻ뿪ĻѶк³ģһ˵ԪһߺͳҶڵķȥߣҲǽ
ͻȻ֮䣬ԪһǳԾ顣ǾվҶߵȻֻ鵤ɵСɣܽԪɱ
ΨһܹľǶԪƺҶѾ֣Ϲˡ
ãмˣԪ͵ĺһβˣԽٵǰҪҶ׺ߵһﾡնɱԽʱԽ
Ǿʱ򣬶ԪѾӺ׷
ԪĶңȻѾҲ˳ۣô첻һˣԪԼסԪֱӾͳȥ붫Ԫһ
ʣµϣһ붫ԪƵĸһһǳҶ˹ȥ
ҶܹһɱǸ鵤۷ĳɱ䲻⣬֮ӪգǼܵľŷɥĽ
ȫͬȻ׾ͷˡ
Ԫƣû뵽㻹ǺҶһģǱǶԪҵ档
Ȼԭα¶峤ִмҷ㴦ɣԪƳԼɱԪҲǺԥתɱȥ
׷ǹ붫ԪԪ͵ĴһеĳǹȻʣһɹɰɫӰӳǹ֮нƮɢ


һٶʮ Ӱ
ӰԪΧֵĴƬӰҲǾϲĽк
ǰӰʲôΪʲôôˣޱ˷ܵҶҲԴɻʵ
ǺǣСһ֪ˣӰһһΪ״̬Ӱͻ׳Ҳܹˡ
򵥵˵ɣ֮һӰԶʱ۳Ϊʵ壬ս˵أҶ׾ȵı飬Ҳʮָп˵
ȻˣҶײ˵
ͰҵõЩǼȿ԰ԪƣֿԵõôνһãԪ붫Ԫһ־ͳԿˣʮָп˵
ȻҶ״˿ҲȫζԪƣǳԪƱԪɱôҲꡣ෴ԪܹɱԪҲ档һ̬Ⱦͷǳȷˡ
һϣһˣȥȥͻءԪӰҶֻܹȥﶫԪʰԪˡ
һӿΪޡ
Ƥ񣬿ǶԸһ鵤ɵĳϻǶЩ
ԼĶҶߣȻȻһǻë޵ĴһһޱȸߴľˡһһһⲫҲöԪҳһơ
Ϊսپ
ȻȻٶȴһҲҵһЩơ
ޣ͵ֱָۣ£צΣݺݵץ޺ëƤ
˻һϸ͵ֱ֣Ӵ޵˺һë۵ҲֱС
ΪҶ׽ʹҲֻͦϡϽ֮ϵë˺ʱҲ͵ſҧϵ塣
˹ҲһתҪ뿪ǾʱԼԭԤõ·Ȼһ˸ʵʵĸˡһӣƺʶԼѾɼˡ
׷ȣ
תͬʱҲǽԼ͵תһӰ˳塣
׷ȹ˼ٶȿ쵽綼ܹ׷ϡתһȣûӦϵһȾѾߵĶƤ֮ϡܵ˾޴ʹ֮ҳϵ
û뵽ķȻôǿʱҲЩڵΪʲôûжȻˡʱʲôѾˡ
֨һʱҧ˼ͷ͵תһȭֱӽ޺ɳȥ޵䵽һԣҲǸ˵һߡ˿ѪѾİȫ͸ס˿ڻֹסĲ
ҴޣҸƴˣޱϴĵɳȥˤڵϣҲǳ鴤ѡҲǴһٴγȥ
ڴ˿ҶҲѾ˶ԪƺͶԪ콻սص㡣
Ϊ׷ǹԵʣԪѾЩӰŪĽͷöһֱԪݺݵѹšȥԪƺܱܿԪɱ
ҲǴһţʼЩ翵Ӱ
˵Ҳ֣ڶԪƸ޷նɱĴڣǰǲһʱ䣬ӰͱֱյԼ档
Ȼʱ龰˿Ҷ׽ЩӰȫڻġҶ׵ֱֶʱҲöԪȫΪ֮һ񣬶ԪҲǱҶ׵ıָˡ
ѵСϻʲôܵҶı仯֮󣬶ԪȤҲԽԽˡ
ԪƿԲɱǰСӱ°ߣԪ֮붫Ԫ֮սͱüˡ
顱һԪ붫Ԫ˫˫ơ˰֮΢һ֮󣬶Ԫ͵תٴγǹ
ǹһ˳ǹˣĻ硣Ȼһǹ֮ǰٶȴ硣ڶԪƻ붫ԪʱһǹҲǺĴԪƵɤʺ
Ԫ͵ĶȴֶԪֻһǹһǹ̳ﵽĿ֮Ԫ㲻پתҶڵλá
СӣôܣһռʵЩ˷ѣһôԪ˿ȻûаƣڼҶ׵ǰҪܻ׽
οΪִϣжԪ֣ΪԸһҶ׾Ǵ´ֱ࣬ɱ
ɣԪûпҶףȻ˫ָ߾ٳǹͬһһͬʱڰ֮˫ޱȷɣ·ʱҶ׷ΪҵĽ
Ҷ׿ɱĶԪͶԪƵʱѾϵԼĶԪ׷ɱڳֳҲûоô֡
ڶԪ޿ʱҶ׵˫ѹ棬Ҳͬһݺݵĵһ˫յǿ˫֮ͬһ³ŶԪնɱȥ
ն
ΪʱݣҶֻܹĵ͵ɱͬʱʹóʩչǰ
ˣǿ֧֮£Ҷ׵սֵҲڲϵС
һҶеı붫Ԫĳǹڰвڶ
Сӣû뵽ʵҵ磬ôǿҲǲϧעҪҵˡܶԪû˼ҪɱҶףΪ̽ϵıԪҲǲϵĴ̼Ҷ׵
Ԫ裬Ҷ֮ڵҲǱøӵĿ񱩣ȫһѪɫĸо
Ԫƥ֮ǰҵȫңϧҵļѾɱҶ׻ڣƾһٲһ뵽֮ǰԪ裬ҶеıҲǱֱ졣
顱һҶȫԸȶԪʵǲ˺ܶࡣڶԪ˫Ӵڳǹ֮ϵʱҶڱɳȥݺݵˤڵϡ
ܵҶķ𣬶ԪҲǱҶױƵˣһԵڵϣԾС
ʲôСӾȻֻ鵤СɵʵҶ׽֮󣬶ԪͻȻоһǺ£ΪҶ׵Ǳо𾪡
ΪԼǶԪҳšԪ֮͸ıԼĿԶԪ̬Ȳô۷Ҷ֪֮Լļʶ̫ˡ
ֻһСôһҶףô½ЩϵļҶǸࡣһӶԪ֪Լֻ鿤ľ֮ܡͬʱҲ̰ͼĶŵЩĳֵʵʲôǡˡ


һٶʮһ ·ײ
ԪԼһ̫ݣкܶྫʵûмкܶԸûɡΪԼǿ
һԭĶԪ˲ͱĿһƴ嵱бȥ
Сӣ˵ɱһţͻ̳ϵ츳ǱǰҲ֪ΪûҵҪӲҵȭͷ󣡡˵ţԪȫȻһ֧ϾҪҵķɼһ׼
ŶԪ˫ȲȵأͬһһҶڵλá
ǹɱ䣬ԪһǹɱҶ׵뷨ˡ
ԼʧȥӰ֮󣬵һԪ͹ԼܵģټҶ׵Ļʤ㼸΢΢Ҫ̵ʱ֮ڽҶ
СӣղֻǺѣܹһѾѾûʱˣȥɣԪֱϵļⶼŤݳǹʱǿ˳ֱ۷ӿȥ
գ֮䣬ԪĳǹҶ׵ǰûҶ͸оǰһ
ԪѾĿǰһ˳ǹ׳ֱ۵ʹ̹һһҧԼĲӡ
һһεҶѾٺͶԪӲƴһε׼׼֮ϣҶҲĸΪˡ
ɢն
ͳͳҶʹóΪĳǰδеǿҶҲǸоԼһǰδеĳʵо
ڶԪĳǹ̵ԼǰʱҶ׵˫Ҳʼƶ
ΪΣյʱ̣һɹһѪɫ˿˫֮ϣٶ˲ࡣ
ͬʱ͵ĳԱһ㽫ԪĵһǹաһҲҶ֮յĶ˶ԪıɱһҲ֪Ԫǲôưոݵġ
Լıɱһ֮󣬶Ԫһֱٴ͵Ĵ£Ҳǿʼת
һ˳ǹҶ׵߲Ȼڰֿ֮תԪеĳǹ͵һᣬǹɨֱӺƶҶ׵ıɨȥ
žžžһǹҶ׿Ķ˹ȥһǹ֮Ҷ׾ûôˡųǹתԭҶϴŵѩ׾Ȼʵ֧飬һѪҲǱǹʵѪģ
˻ǹĽ˲һĵʹͬʱеĳҲ˳ųǹǹ˳ȥǿǹת
ˡҶñֿǹʱҲƴ߶ڶԪֵʱ򣬴Ҳ˳ųǹҶ׵档
룬ЩֻһأַԪ
顱һڶԪΧըöԪҲǳԾС
ܵŶԪĶŻһЩҶ׸ϽŴ˿̣ӶԪǹ֮³뿪
Сӣܣûţ
үү첻ɸӣҶٴδԼĳǹ֮ԪҲһָΣĽȸȻ
Ҷ׵ĶԪ󲽳ǰ͵Ķһ׷ǹȻһƬǹӰݺݵ˦Ҷ׵塣
ԪһƬǹӰٶȸͣҶûжĿˡһеıҲǽеһѪɫâ붫Ԫĳǹײһ
ಡԪһοǶˡĳǹһҶ׵ıеĳǹһת
ԪÿһתеĳǹҶ׵ıݺݵײһһΡ
һŴ֮Ҷű˫ѾʼѪˣԪĹҲǽķŻ
ʱ򣬶ԪҲ˶Ԫ
ƣԪһƵԥֻǰ㣬ͬһɫֱӾʹӱ͵ϮԪĺλá
϶ƼϢĹͶԪѾ뵽ħı״̬ķӦҲ½˲١ֱӾ͵¶Ԫ͵Ϯɹ
žһԪһǽʵʵڶԪıֱӽĺλĵķ飬ҲĵѪģ
ۡһӣԪ㱻ĴˣһѪҲǴĿбݺݵ˳
ŶԪһƣٴνԪһ೹顣
ͨһԪӦѪ
ڶԪɱ֮󣬶ԪٴԪҵĳ˹ȥһʱս֮Ҳǳֳһߵ
ܿͶԪһжԪҵĳ϶ѾˣֻʣҶ׶ƺҶ׵˻վڵͨС
ȫˣȫˣԪȻɱԪû뵽һ쾹Ȼô졣ɱԪһ˲ҲһֿХĳ嶯
ܿ㽫Լй»ָƽ״̬
Ҷף֮ĺǳ죬ҷǳڴ´ĳ
ڰɡڶԪ󣬶ԪҲʶԼӦҶ׷ֿˡ
Ϊû׷Ҷױ޺Ϳ»صٵ˳һ·ʮ˳ı뿪˷糾۹뵽һƬƽԭС
һƬƽԭ֮ϳд֮⣬ǿޡͬʱҶͶѧԺʥԺ½ķֲҲһƬƽԭС
һƬƽԭޱӴ󣬼ǹޱߣеƣҶ׻ǺܿҵʥԺڵλá
ڵͼ֮ʥԺֻһСطҶһʥԺʱȴʥԺȻһٸ鿤ǶҪ󣬼൱һС͵ĵ۹ˡ
ҪʥԺֵ֮ϼÿ춼ɽ˺˳ӿ壬ʥԺѧ̶ӣǿߡ
ôʥԺΧ̼ȫ¡ǿĹҲǴٽҵޱȵķ
ҵȻ˸ͶʣͬʱҲд˲ųۼʥԺһѧԺʵѾɿԿκһ۹Ȼˡ
ҶһʥԺĳ棬ͿһЩʥԺװѧ޼ɣһ֮ͬһĸ߰
Ҷ׾̾ǣʥԺķΧ֮ڣһͨ鵤ɵѧܵǿߵأû˸ʥԺѧǰҰɴ˿ɼʥԺǶôӰ
Ҷ׻ʥԺֵ֮ϲͣҹķʱͻȻһӵоѹ
ǰСӸÿǰ׻̻ϣ㲻Ҫ·һ׻̻·ԵһЩСϽԶԶġֻҶȻǲŲæ·һߣƺû˵Ļ


һٶʮ ƲԳԷ
Ҷ׵ӣܶС̷Ǻµı۾ΪҶױɡͷϾһЩ˵ġ
Ҷ׵ֱ֣Աһ߸ϽСѵˣǰ׻̻㻹ʶȤһɣȻǳԲ˶ߣ
ƺǺ˱һ˵껰֮ززˣ
·֮϶ܳǺ顣߿ֻŵĻԭҪҶ׾Ȼվ·벻ˡ
ȻôţҾͺ·ײҺˣԶѾ۶Ҷ׾ȻվһЦš
աٶԽԽ죬ۿҪײҶ׵ˡ֪ͻȻ뵽ʲô̽ͣ
һк복Ķһ
һоԼĲӱյޱȽҲ͵һ˫ŵأ߾ǰվ
ҪײҶ׵ʱȻپȻһɲͣ
ܿ죬Ҷ׾Ϳ˴֮ϻ
Ҷ΢ţһЦ˵Сӣ·м䲻ߣѵҪ𣿡
ڵһ˵껰֮һһһ͵˵ǰСӣҪҲҪֵĳֵ¼ǵ۾
ֵһһ͸Ҷ׷ͺһ·˵һ
žžž
ֵܵĻҶҲǲ˰ƣλǺÿڲŰܹѱǴ龹ȻߵǷ˵ҵĴҳ˲ټʶ
˵ɣǵҪôţֵһĵӣҶҲᣬֱʵ
ҮСӿͲ󣬿İ
㣬ǰ׻̻˫˫Ӷֵܣ⸽СǹǹܵģұʥԺѧøʵһ㣬ĻұǰзϲɣҶ׺ʾĻ˫жʱֱ׳ĺ
˫ѻ˵֮˫ӶʱҲʮָ˵ɣСӣҿҲûʲôǮ͸һ֮ìܾʹһʹɣ
һ𣿡˫ӵĻЩԭ뿴ֵСʱ
Ҫ֪ȻطҪ׵Ķ࣬һܹ׬һҲѾˡֵһſھͳҪһ𣬲֪ܲóóãƲ֡ò¾ⲻһƤ֮࣬һЩܻзϡ
ȻʥԺطΧ֮ǲɱ˵ģЩСҶײǷ̫ǲΣյġ
Ǿ˫ӵĻ˵֮Ҷٴ˵˵ŶҵΪһЩ̫ˣҵҪһһЩ
ҶײŲæĻ˫˫ֵܶʱˡ
ʲôѵǽײһԲҵĶӣֻһͻȻ񾭲Ҫܼˣ
Щ鶼ǷڱϣֵȻ̫˽ȥᡣ˵ֻҪǮһжð졣뵽˫˵꣬ô˵ͶˣʵҵҪҲߣˣһͿˣôְɣ
˫˵󼸸ֵʱ۾ЦĶҪгһˡЩԭͿֵܵСҲһθʹϳԵķ˶˳
˻бǸҪ𣿡
Ȼ˿ֵܵĿⶼǴ񣬿ֵȷʵΪȻһΪǵӡǾ͵ҶǮˡ
ԣһ͵ֵѹˣһ㶼࣡Ҷ׷ڣ˫Ǵߴٵ
ֵܵĻҶͻȻоԼôôùȻ˻ˡֻܹٴλ˵ǸǮҸǮѵҪظһ飿
ʲôһҶ׵Ļֵܶʱ˼
ʱ䣬·֮ϵվͱýˡ
ٸ˵һ飡˫ƺûҶ׵Ļʱʵ
Ǻǣ˵һôˣһ𣬵Ȼãôܰҳ𣿡˫һı飬Ҷֱøϸظһ顣
һӣҶ׵Ļǽֵܸˡ
ѽСأ磬첻ʰʰСӣΪǰ׻̻ǰ裡˵ţ˫ӵһͳȥ
˽ͦףһֻЩ¡˶ǹԪ۷ʵ˫ӵʵ΢ȸǿһЩһҶ׵ǰһȭһȭҶ׵ıӡ
ҶҲֻ֣ʵҲڵȴᡣ
СӣһζĶǶҪʹʹ죡˫ȭȴʼûҶ½ǵʱ˫̲ס˹뵽ȺŹҶ׵ĶеС
䡭
ֵܲͣΧҶʼûռ˵ʱͻȻһضɽҡƺʲôȻܵԼĸǰˡ
޺;ˣһֵܶʱɵˡûǷӦѾץס˫ӵһȣקԼǰҲһӽ˫˵ֱӵڿѹ
һֵܾͱ޸£ƾҶ⴦ˡ
ʲôСӾʲôͷȻôļһԼڣţ氡
ǰֵܽߵˡ˫˫ӱҲ˲£һԿֵһҲֻ
ֻȴûôġ˶ֻС϶ѡϵҧҲҪ㹻۵ġ
λڻʲôҪ˵𣿡֮Ҷ׿Щʵ
⡭˫ӿ龰ʱЩԥ´˿Ҷ׶ԿֻܵΪп衣
˫ҲţΣʶûôǿȻǷŭ̵ĺСӣǿǰ׻̻үǾǺͰ׻̻ԣȰ㻹ھ
ž
˫ҶײһǸһѴֱͣӽһͷҲǵ˼š
㣡Ҷ״ֱУ˫ҪҶƴˡ
˫вҶײûа㺦£ڳһ޿ֵӣôǲԼĲң
ҵǿԳȫǣ
𣬱𰡣˫ʵ˫ǿһЩĵҲҪ˫Сܶࡣ˫˫
Ȼǲ밤ͰǮԹԵĽһҪ򣡡ֵǲ򲻳ҶҲεЦЦ˵
úãǸǮԼĵܵ˵ϣ˫ҲԼĴ׺Ҷ֮ı³ˡ


һٶʮ С
ǮͺбҪŪô𣿡ҶһǮһЦǺǵ˵
Ҷôһ˵˫˫ֵܲĹڵϡ
ҲӦõõѵˣ߰ɣ˫Ǯ֮Ҷױҡڵˡ
Ҷ뿪˫Ҳ͵һѪ˫һߴĽʻȥûãǾֽ֮ǰ
ⶰߴĽ֮ǰֵܱܻ߽֮ͣⶰ档
˿ⶰͻΪҶ׵ˣΪⶰǰ׻̻ܲ׻ã
ү˭Ǵӵģ˫˫˫˫߽һܼģҲ̲סʵ
֣ܼңɲ֪Ǳ˴ĺܲңһҪ߸׽ʬΣ˫Ѿͷ˫ֻŪһ޵ĿˮŻһӣûܵʲô̫ʹࡣ֮У˫ӶҶ׵ҪһЩ
Ŷʲôˣôӣ˫˫ӵĲҽ֮һ΢˴ӿ˳Щõ˵
һˣ˫ͺ񿴵˾һ˹ȥף㿴ҵͷԲܹôװݣףġ
˫ݶ˼ţһ˵ʱ©磬˵ˡ˫ҵӣܶʱɫһ䣬ߵ֣ܼ˵֣ܼң˵ҰҵĶӴһҲҪ鵽ס
ܵĻ֣ܼӦһȥˣ
Ҷײ֪ԼѾ˼Ǻˣ۾ȻЩ̵Ʒ֮ϲͣĴšܿһ۵ҩ̸ǰ
ٻʮҹ𡭡
һҩĵƱҶϵıҲǱԽԽȡ
ʱһߴҩ滺˳Ҷ־ȵı飬ֻ΢ЦЦ˵ˣҪҩ𣿡
û߰ѻ˵꣬Ҷ׸ϽӦҵȻҩˣҩǱˣұҼҩ̵ҩ໹࣡
Ǯ֮ҶԽǿҩľԽǾϲͻȻоЩҩľͺΪԼһ
Ҷ־ȵı飬Ҳֻ΢΢һЦûн̫ࡣҶѾк嵥׼߲ŻҶ׵ĸǰ˵Сӣҿղдô˸㣬ҩĵģۼһǧ𣡡
һǧôȥȻһ΢ЦӣҶֻĭһ仰ȥܹоز©ʵ϶ǳǿ
Ǻǣˣûѵͣ㹺ûʸﹺҩĵģȰ㻹ȥЩС㿴ɣ߿˿Ҷף̾˿˵
ǺðɡҶ֪˵Ļˡ⻹ֻһЩͨҩģһЩҩģڴЩȷʵֻܹƼöƷҩҪҩģ
һȥطɡҶȻûȴҩĵλøҩȻۼ۷ǳˣǼǮҪҩĵ꣬ԼҪĻﹺǺܻġ
뿪ҩĵ֮Ҷױ㳯ʥԺķȥ
ȻʥԺΧĳ㹻󣬴ҶҹЩΧĳУʥԺ֮ڵ͸ˡһʥԺУ鿤ô⻹һҪõһʥԺҶ׾ܹҵԼӦñĵطֱǴˡ
ʥԺԺƵͬʱҶҲڲͣѰ˵ҵطҶҲҵˡ
ѽҿҵˡҶһ߽ʥԺУŵʱһһѾͽҶ׸ץסˣЩ޳ܵ˵
ˣ꿴Ҷ׵Ŀ⻹һЩ޵Ķ棬ԭԾ͸ߵҶ׺񿴵ʲôֱӽƿЩõ˵ԶһЩѵ֮𣿡
ҶһƿҲһε˵ѵ㲻Ҷ𣿡
ǱˣѵԼʲôʱôˣ뵽ҶҲǾһĲ˼顣ǶԷҲһӣûƭҶ׾Ͳ÷ˡ
뵽ҶֻܹʵСֵܣô֪ҶףôҶף᲻ϴأ
ϴˣȻôΪҾ˵һ㣬֪ǲϴˡ
㣬ǲʶ
ʶ֣ҶײȷԼ˵ˡ
ͬѧҲͬѧҽŸܸʶ㣡ŸȻЩСԸȴʮֺ񣬵ҶײС
Ҳܸʶ㡣Ҷ׺Ѻõĺͬѧֽ֣ʵˣŸ֪ʲôط𣿡
ʲôҺѾסĵطźˣס档
һˣĸˣԺҲѾ㰲źˣͲҪʲôˡҶ׵ĻŸЩ˼˵
һǷӦٶۡҶ׵ĻǺ˸Ҷֻʲô˵Ÿһ档
һ뵽棬Ϳһ²Źһ²ӡ
ϴ˵ǸҶ׵Сôĺÿడһֺװʮʹӣ̲ס̾
ǰˣͲ費˼ˣǰɣƤڵ̲ס
ʱŸѾҶ״档
λҶˣҶ߽ʱʱͨĿҶײ֪˵ʲôˡ
ʵҶҲûʲôֻǶñҶ׻ײˣʮֵĹⲻȥ
ҶһƺҲʶһˣϽյ˵ĵʲôĵôģҲĵݸˡ
ˣҽҶףܸʶǣԺǾһֵˣԺһҪѰ
žžž˿űЩľګҶףʱΪʵݽһӾͱˡ
ûǰǾѾ˱֣ϴѦ׶ʱƤڵ꿴Ҷʮŵ˵
϶ҽ˽ܡƺΪ֮ǰĻҶˣ˽˵ʱȻЩ
СȻҶʶʱ䲻ŸҶ֮ĹϵͱҪˡ
ǺǣԭЩаı飬ҶЩɻ˵


һٶʮ ֵһ
ȿȿȣȻСˣǵϴҾͿԸᰲŹˣ
Ĺɺܼ򵥣Ժʲôˮɨءϴ·ۻСɣѦ׶һվ˵
ͬѦ׶Ļ˽Ҳ̲ס͵
ھֻʣŸûзˡ
ȻŸҲ˵ҶɣǿҶǳԹĿ⣬ĭ
ͬ⣬ҺŸԣƱƱľҶʮץŸԴЦ˵
㣡Ѧ׶˵ʲôͻȻ뵽ҶǵһѧУһˡǾôҶ׾Щ̫صˡ
뵽Ѧ׶ʱЦ˵ףղֻǺ㿪һССЦϣ㲻ҪⰡ
һѧԺǺúóȥһٺõġѦ׶һĵӣԳҲΪһЩΪˣ˶ԼΪ׵ơ
ЩҶ׵ûô⡣
ҪǾȥſǸŰɣѦ׶ʹɫѦ׶Ļ˵ʱ
ǱУõһ¥ķһٶҪ𣬸˵ȥһˣŸҶЩ⣬͵
ȷʵͨͥ˵ʮ𼸺ʮҲ׬ǮһһЩļ壬óʮԷҲ൱ݳˡѦ׶ȻҪȥԷԼĳˡ
Ȼ֮ôһҲҪҶ֮仺͹ϵһҲҪףһĸ˶ӡ
֮Ҷ׶ϴǱȽġ
ʥԺУסʥԺıԵش˵ǵĻΧһЩЩͨҲʥԺһЩѳĳ͡
ѧʱ䣬ʥԺ¥챬ѵĴ¥ҲҪԤܹһεġ
Ҷ׵Ҳ㲻һһ뿪ǲҵһȽϿİ俪ʼ
һϾһնʱͻԾ
˵Ѧ׶Ǵĵӣ˵ҲΪʶһͬʱҲǾõһһ͸˾ƣһҲɫЩ΢΢ˣҶоСһȥ͸оЩˡ
ϵܣǼǺ㿪Цϣ㲻ҪְоǼȷʵЩ֣Ѧ׶Щε˵
û£ȻֵܹһԺֵܣʲô˵أҶǰǶûʲôѣҲѡνʥԺҲǽʥԺԺʵʱʥԺִֵܸҲΪصġ
ΪСܣҲλһȻãҶ׻ʢ֮¶Ʊ
ɣҶ׸ɱ⼸һҲǰѾƱһ
ˣǼʥԺãҪ֪ȻʥԺҲ۸Ϊ˱֤ҵ棬ӦðԼԴ˵ԷһϣٷٵǡôʱѦ׶һվ˵
ã׶磬ãҵһ޳ɣѦ׶Ļ˽ҲǶ˵ͬ
Ҳͬ⣡Ҷ׵վ˵
ҲһҶվ֮ŸҲǵʲõ˵
ĸ˶ǺԥվǱ˴֮ĸƺҲΪһٶ˲ࡣ
ȷʵʥԺȻɱһ뿪ʥԺͲһˡʥԺҲΪͬĵȼ
ҶҲͨѧԱĶ٣ǵĵȼҲӢѧԱϣӢϣǸԺȻܹԺλþͲܹˡܹѧʱӵһȹ̵ŶʥԺȥıϡ
ȴԼ
Ƿѩ۹ѦҵˣǼѾǧʷǳӴͬʱҲӵǿѩ̻ᡣǼϵҲǳֻ࣬һϵִϵĶӶѡˣڼеĵλҲǱһЩĵϵҪݶˡ
֮⣬ӵкڰ֮壬ڰŶصơҪǴɱѦ׶ѻ˵ְ֮Ŀ⿴˽ܡ
˽ܵ϶Ȳ׶ϴ󣬿Ҳ˭ܹ۸ġҲǷѩ۹ˡҸǻʼһӳȻ׶ϴ˵ֻһСɫȴҲܹڵۻǰ˵ϼ仰ģԵþԴԼ£
֮⣬ӵв֮˵Ƥ񡣿Ҳһ㣬Ǿÿս֮Ƿǳġ˵˽ҲǺٺٵЦ
ںֵܿŸˣ壬ȻǼûжʷȴҲԭ֮һǿ塣ڲõĽǼͳһԭơ
ұӵмʡƿҵٶȷɿ죬ٶռݵơŸҲһԼƸ˵˳
ڵҶˡ
Ƿ糾۹ϰҶҵĵӳӡǵļѾ׻ǵҸˡҵļֻʣһ磬ûκκԮ
Ҹ˵ӵпɸ鵤Ĵθ壬ҪǿҲǱȽϲɱ¾һʰɡҶ˵һ֮˶һޱȾȵĿ⿴Ҷףƺ˵Ļ
˵ϲɱˣ˵˽ܣ˿Ҷô޺ӣǼ˵УҶ׵Ϊͣ鵤СɣͶ鵤ɣѦ׶鵤۷塣
ǰɣÿɱ˶ʵҾɱ˵ķһ·ġʵҶ׻û˵Լǽ¾͵ڵΪ硣֪ĻɱĶˡΪûһʱʮġ
ˣȻҶ֮СҲʵģôԺǾҪչҴ쿪ʼ˾Ҫʼִˡ˱˴˽֮Ѧ׶һı㽫ǵɸ
ǿʼɨķˡ
һ㷹֮󣬼˱㻥Żصᡣܿ죬ʱ͵˵ڶ졣
׸磡Ҷ׸ո𴲲ãһϤ
ãһȥĲҶף˽ܡ
˽ôҶ׺Ѧ׶Ҳεİ˰֣͸˳ȥ
׸磬ôҲȥңҵôʱ䡣Ͼ÷ֻһûмҶףҶ׵Ҳûмٰ֡
Ǻǣ;һЩ飬һЩʥԺ𣿡ЩίӣҶҲǸϽο


һٶʮ ѪħͷĿѪ
ðɣҪʦһȥչˣҪкüµʱ俴׸ˡһ뵽֮һʱֿҲΪѹ˵
Ǻǣã㲻ҪףӦòġҶ֮ӣ˽ЩԴףϾ˼ҿ÷Ҳ˵ʲôĻֻܹսȥǵĲˡ
ǺǺǣҵǡ߼һŭĿӣҲЩ˼˵
ʵҲûʲôģãϣܹʵҲǵһִأЩεӣѦ׶Ͻ߹յ˵
Ѧ׶ĻԾ£֮Ҳͱɶˣһ֮صԼס׼ʰʰʦչˡ
Ͼʥˮ֮ǳѵãг֮󲻵Ըˣܹӳǿķ˵ǹؼ汸궼ѵóһλҲʥԺԭ
ߺҶ׺ǼҲǳŽȥ滹ܶͨѡʺԼ񡣲ͨӶСŶһִ񣬺ежġȻж֮õĽҪһЩеΣҲҪܶࡣ
ڶУÿһִǳ˿ԻӦеı֮⣬Եõɹס
֮⣬ӶͬӶȻûɹ׵ĽӶԴȴǳһЩҪǮͨӵѡ
Ȼ˿ԶһһЩ֮⣬һһЩγ̡ȻѧϰЩγ̲ܹǵʵͻͽȴ԰ǿٰȫʵս飬ҲһЩͨڶһɹʱѡѡ
˵ϲһЩСƺһȺѪħЩѪħɱΪһЩѪħܹͨɱԼʵڶѾֱͣЩͨѧԱһһ˼ͨѧԱʮָп˵
ǿҪȥͨѧԱ˵֮󣬺ܶ˶Ŷ˵ȥźܶණ˵ܶĽƽʱ˫
Ϣ֮󣬾ҶҲ׼ȥ֡
˼ʮԶľ룬ǾͿ˵ͨѧԱΧȴŽ
ôôˣѵʥԺѧҲʼԱ𣿡ôͨѧԱۼҶ׶ʱŴ쾪ȵ˵
ǺǣСЩһͨѧԱѧԺΧѧԱѧԱûɹףֻܹתֵתֵﵽͨѧԱҪʱǲܹ˳תҲûж
ҲܹСЩΧѧԱܹѧԱͨӴ󱳾ģһЩΧѧԱʵЩѧԱҪֻǵ츳ҪһЩѲûгΪͨѧԱŸֱһͨܶﶼ˵ͷͷǵǼ˵еľʦ
ԭҪҪҲȥһЩ񣿡ǰô˽Ťŷֵ壬Щڴ˵
ǻԥʱͻȻǰ洫ѧԺϵ
λѧԱζ˷ϣӻԾμӣϵĻԭߵһЩѧԱ̾˾
ЩѧԱôӻԾҶֵʵʲô񣿡
ָһԺӵ񡣡
ֻҪնɱĶԼȥҶ׵ʣŸҲǵ˵
Ҷײĺôˡ
ΪһָͨʾһСŶӵɡҲ˵ŶӽŶӾʧȥʸ񡣿ͲͬϰٸŶһִ񣬶ûơ
˵ҲǷǳѵġһ˵еΣճ̶ѾͨѧԱΧֻΧѰһĻܹõôġ
εǽˣѦ׶˿ߵļֵܶһܵӣҲǺԥȥӳϵнӹһί״ǩԼָ֡һƷ
ǵĳʼ׷ɱѪħͷĿѪࡣһƷѦ׶̲ס
Ѫ鵤۷ʵоŸӶ鵤ɡ
ȻһٿеѶˡŸЩ̾˵
ʥԺУΪʮ߼SÿһַΪȼֱϵȣеȣµȡϵѡ
ǺǺǣʲôֻҪֵĻʲôܹɵġŸһޱǵĻ˽Ц˵
ʱҶͻȻоʮֲѺõĿ⳯߿˿
ţ˳Ŀ⿴˿Ҷ׾ͿϤӰ
˫˫ֵܡһƺһĳˣҶҲ̵Цݡܹоֵܿ϶ĥôأ
ֵ¶ͷʱмͨѧԱԱ˹
ҶװɣΪ׵ӿҶЦ˵
һЩ˶ҶΧ˹Ѧ׶˶ʱҲʲôʲõĽҶ׸
ʲôˣֵԶһ㡣Ѧ׶һѽʮֿҶ׵һΧѧԱƿ˵
ԭѦ׶ѦٰСҶ״ҵܵܣ˫ǲŹģȰþѹϵúһᣬߣһһѺݻ֮󣬱㳯ĳڴȥ
ǻû߳Ҷױ㼸ߵӵǰ
ţҶ׷΢΢һ㶲֪ҶҪ˵ʲô
Ҷ׷˫˫ֵǺµĶ㵽˶档Ҫ֪һҶǿƳ֣ǰǴˡ
ֵӣҶҲֻһ㲻ȥǡ
֪˫ǵĴ磬ƣҲ㣬ԺҪֵܣȻ´ξͲǱҴôС£ŪᶪģҶ˵꣬һŤ߱߻صѦ׶˵Աߡ
Ҷ͵ӣѦ׶Ҳ̲סզࡣ
ãǵƣ˫û뵽ԼţҶױҪšȻҶûеڴҶôʵȴҪʹࡣߵʱɫҲһһס
Ҷף֮ͣǰСˣ˫ߺ˽Ҳʮֲ˼Ҷ׵ļ˵
ûʲôԺҶֵܣôͦңԺʲôҲ岻ݴǵġ⼸ֵôԼҶҲǴˡ
ֿһӺ󣬱뿪


һٶʮ 
߰ɣǼȻ񣬾ȥó׼Ȼͳ˵ıεĳͻƽѦ׶ҲǴż뿪Ὺʼ׼ˡ
Ἰ˵һִҲСŶӵһһԼûִ֮ǰҲԵ÷ǳ˷ܡ
˻صȡһЩȥ˲ٱƷ֮ǾϢ׼ڶȥˡ
һ峿쳣ʣһŨŨڿУһ泩ĸоĸҲ׼˴ͷǿ޺档ΪһδҶҲǽ޴ϸͬС
ԭǷǳģӴʱ䳤ˣ˴֮Ҳǲһĸ飬ϣҲûиоʲôˡ
뿪ʥԺ߾һ޼ʵƽԭƽԭľͷһɽͬһϸĳһǱڴ½ıԵ
һɽһ޼ʵĿɭ֣˾ڿɭɽ֮䡣
߹Ƕ˵ĵһСҿ¿˹ˣģǵŸƺҶ׺˶ǶŸ߿һۣ֪ôġ
ǰ˵ĹҶǿɭֵСңһһҹ֮ͱ֮˿ڶڷһû£̫ˣѦ׶еľҲǲĸ̾
鱨˵¿˹ƺûܵǣڶѾפ˴ľӣΪ˷ֹѪħжǺʥԺ֮ϵ
ա
Ҷ׵𽥿¿˹ʱͻȻһʿԶ𽥿˹ܿһӵҶ׵˵ĸǰΪò˵λӦʥԺѧ˰ɣ
ľ٣ҪӭʥԺѧλǵ򵼣Ժʲôֱˣ
˵ţٱ㽫ߵ˽ܸҶ׵ˡ
λܸʶǣǱص˺磬ڱĺúõģһҹ֮Ǳͱɱ룬ҴıѾ֮һˣҾƴҲҪΪǱ𣡡˵ʱᶨư磬һŭҲǴ֮͸¶Ѫħжôˡ
Ѧ׶ĶӳЩҵĶԱҶסܵеķŭѦ׶Ҳûж˵ʲôֱӽҶ׵˽ܸǣ뵽¿˹ĳˡ
ھһʱ䣬ȸҽһľɣһߣѦ׶Ҳ粻̸ͣ
ãЩѪħʵڿɶɱҵȫңһҪһµЩѪħ˵ԸҶߵȫûиоһ㾪ȶ֡ԿĳľѾԵˡ
ѪѾռǶ˲֮һĹҺͳУѾչǧɱ࣬Ѫħʵܹﵽ鵤ĸҲԽԽ࣬ݴ˵лб񾳵ǿǱ档ֻܺһԪɵߣᵽѪħʱȴûа㺦£ֳһּ˷ܵı顣
ǵ׷ɱѪħͷĿѪ࣬ʲôõĽ𣿡Ѧ׶ܹᵽ˿̵飬Աûʮƽʵ
Ѫࣿһֵĵˣ׷ܳʱ䣬ָƣҵĳȴһѪħѪǣҶ׵˵ѪʱҲ΢Щź
Ѫǣ֣Ҷ΢΢һ㶣ȻʵѪʲôͷأ
ǺǣѪһǶѪǳȺӵĳɱ˵ҪЩҵȴǷǳļѣ
λܹɱѪǣԸѱƲȫǡҶ׵׼ܾʱͻȻһ޴ڱ˵
Ŷô֪ƲʲôطҾ֪ҲѾˣôѪħûзأѦ׶һ׼ˣԾ˻ʱҲֵʵ
Ѧ׶ôһ˵ʱ˾ܹоѦ׶ˡѦ׶ˣȫҵĳлᱨһжǣġλС磬ʵ̫ˣǰɣǰǱùܼңѪħ̤ҵĹңһڻʹأ
ԴѪħǱǵĹȼһҹ֮ͱѪħݣӵĿ죬ҲڷǼˣӳҲǧˣҲˣĲƲܷһǳصĵطˣ
طֻҺ͹֪Ѿˣھֻ֪λˣλŵĻҿԴȥһ뵽Լܹ𣬱Щ˷ܵ˵
˵ǵǿԿǿǣ֮ǰҪȰڵʱɡѦ׶֪϶ǳΣգԲܹ״Ӧô֪ԼļǱѪǸɱأ
ɵ㣬Ҫ¿һ⣬Ǻֵһ
ܹұǾҺĸˣԺţҲᱨǵġѦ׶ô˵ҲǸжл˵
ˣ˵ЩˣһطסǾȥһ·Ǵӣһ·Ҳʮƣ
ҵǿ¿˹ڶ˵ıԵشѪħĵĵشһξ룬İȫҲҪбһЩ
ܿ죬ǾһĿջ֮ǰԭڿջſڵĻƣҲһӶѲߵʿҶ׵˳ЩʿҲǸϽ·
λרŸʥԺѧ׼סϣúϢ
һǻϵģջſˣͣȵҶ׵˽ջ뿪
뿪֮Ѧ׶ŻʵǾɿ𣿡
ŶΪʲôô˵Ÿһ·ƺѾΪ˱жҲЩֵʵ
ûʲôֻǾЩ֣һ·ڱԼƺʲôѦ׶ϾⷽŸҪǿһЩ
ţҲôΪģһᵽ⣬ƺҪǣҾӦòһ˵ʵѦ׶ĻҶʮͬ˵
ô˭ȥ飿Ѧ׶˿ˣ˽ܿ϶ǲУŸʮľګھֻҶˡ
УȥɣҶ׿ڴĿ⣬ҲǵʲõĽµ
ںʧ˵ߵеʱҶ״Ӻȥ
һʼҶ׶ԺľٶûκεĻɣʱƣֵԽԽŹˣ


һٶʮ С
ʲôѵҪʲô˽ͷһ߸ں棬Ҷһš
ҲѹҶ׻ô룬տʼߵʱ򻹺߶ԽСĽܿתһصĺͬ棬һСԺȥ
ҶȻŹθٵĻᣬֱӾ׷ȥźԺ֮ڣҶҲ˷֮Ͽʼ͵˵
Żĸˣĸ˵ʵ鵤ɣһ˵ЩһССıѾˣŸо֮ЩĶҶ˵
Ҷֻ֮΢΢ͷ㿪ʼ˵ˡ
磬ҵһԸѪǵʥԺѧƺǱĲƱҲǷǳĵӣǡ˵ҲʮԾסˣûаĴʮִ󵨵˵
ˣҶ׻ܹоһЩնġûв´ĻӦΪ˱ĲƸȥġ
ŶһʥԺѧԱ᲻֮ǰһѧԱһأĻǻǾĺãں˵껰ʱһ˻Ƶ˵
磬ѵ㲻ԽǲʥԺѧԱԼöԸЩӢʥԺѧԱǸûлᣬǻǾץסÿһλɣϾǵĻԽԽˣ˻˵ĻҲ΢Щ˵
˵ĺܶԣǾôɣǳٵһЩͷֻҪʹķΧ֮ڵõƱ;˦ɱ˻һ뵽ĳĿЦ
ã磬ģھˣȻ˻ɵģ˵꣬뿪Ժ䣬ĵطȥ
Ҷ׿뿪ҲǸںһֱ붫רΪЩ׼סʱֹͣ׷ٻص˿ջ֮ڡ
ôʲôҶ׻صסʱߵļһΧҶ˵
ûв´ĻЩӦǱʹĻпл˵ıųҲġ
ֻǲҪЩƸǣҪǴ·̵ٰǸɱһΪɶĵطһ뵽Щ˴̣Ҷ׶ʱҲЦ
Ŷԭһ尡ȤˣҲҪο˭˭һأ˵Ѧ׶ҲЦ˵
ĸ˵УѦ׶ΪһǰһжΪԼֵȴǺܺõġ
ãǾϴģСǵ˼أ˽һֱǽѦ׶ԼżѦ׶κξֵ֧ġֻŸҶ׾δˡ
Ҳ޳ɣֻǵõʲƸӦôأŸһʮǵģ˽ܵĻ֮Ҳ΢˼˵
⻹ð죬ĸƽ£Ѧ׶Ļ˽̻ӦŸǰĿ⿴Ѧ׶
Ǻǣ㲻ҪȻκпܴӱõٵĲƸǶ˵ЩƸȴܹӱϸıҵ״ҲҪֵܷĿɳ𣬶Ҳ֪ЩƸ˵ҪãҴӦ뱦ѡŸԴɻĿ⣬Ѧ׶Ҳʮִȵ˵
Ҷף˼أ˵Ѧ׶ĿҲǿҶס
ҹ¼ҹˣ˵ʲôҾʲôˣҶֻ˰ֱȷ
ãôˣһҪסܹõĲƸãòɣѦ׶Լоž޴Σգֱ˵˵
ãǾôˣѦ׶ĻҲͬ˵
һ֮󣬲˯ܿ͵˵ڶϡ
Ѧӳǿ𣿡ڲ棬վ﹧ĵҶ׵˳극ʵ
šѦ׶һ극ԼλվҲѦ׶뿪˲źһȥʱǵ޶Ѿ汸ãҲѾȴʱˡ
ˣûѪϢѦ׶һߣһŤͷԺʵԺѾˣʲô鶼ûзһ
ȷʵҵһЩٷǳĹأҪȥǷСûв´ĻѪӦţһ˼ţһ˵
Ŷô˵ǺܹܿˣѦ׶ֵʵ
ҲһϾЩ黹ҪһȷѪħҪͣɱˣ鱨˵СһĿꡣ
С򱻹ݵĻǺֻܿϼͻỻطѦ׶ʣҲ΢Щ˵˵ϲõıһţ漴ָֻޱȹά״̬
ĿˣЩ޷Ԥϵģ޷Ǳ֤Щʲô
ŶȻǾ·ɣô˵Ѧ׶˵ͷ˵ʲô
ȻģϾѪħˣʱǿεġ
Ѧ׶ĻҲϸͷһǰ档
ڵıҲȫǳڱ׵״̬һֻӴһСֳǳصмţȻиĻж˵Ԯֻڶʵ̫ԽҪػУʱܹȥڻҪʥԺѧԱ֧Ԯġ
ںĴ£ǿʼԽһһѪħݵĳǳأȴûпһˡܿǾ˷С
СʱСѾʬҰûһڡŨŨѪζȴܹоѪСѪħƺû뿪ʲôطˡ
λҵľʾڷС϶дѪħû뿪ЩѪħϰҡǵѪʵӦû鵤۷壬ľŸûнδ֪֮΢һ˵
Ŷ˵ӦʲôطأŸųǰٿȫ飬ȻѪħҲЩ˽⡣̽Ҫû˵ѡ
εЦЦ˵λͲҪ̽ˣѪħϲʪĻûв´ĻӦˮ档
ǾȥˮɣҿԸ㣬ǵһκϣ㲻ҪƭǣصģѦ׶ѾЩ컬ĺ磬˵
Ѧ׶ôһ˵Ҳɫ΢΢Щײ˵ʲôˡ
ϾʵǺǿЩʥԺѧԱΧɱֻǷַ飬һ·ϸʥԺѧԱҲľսġ
ܿ죬Ҷ׵˱˳ˮһڴ
ڶ˵ĳ棬ˮһС͵ĵ³Сǰ滹һЩ˺סＸһƬѪȾ֮ء
εεΡ
ǲϵˮʱ򣬾ˮĶ˲ͣˮε䣬ϸһȫѾЩճѪˮ


һٶʮ Ѫħ
Ѫһ·ϿĶѪǵǰһ鱻˺÷Ѫ͹ͷˡ
СһϲѾҵѪħϳ
ҿĸ㣬⸽һʮѪħܵŨŨѪζҲЦЦ˵
һʮѪħ⾿ʲôÿһѪħǹԪСɵʵСͷĿ鵤СɣûĻһսǷǳпġ
߰ɣȻˣûбҪԥˣ翴ЩʥԺѧԱһ뵽ˮһЩӦӣʱЦŵһ˹ȥ
û߶ãһŲӲԶ˹ͬʱһɹɸŨҵѪζҲǴԶʮѪӰҲǳǵߡ
ѪħЩѪħҶ׵Ҳһ¡ΧһȦʼѪħɱȥʱǱޱȵĽթʼҶǼ˵ĺƺڶѪħ͵ˣ
ôѪħҶһͳ˹ȥյһޱʵĵâֱӷնȥһѪħеĵâֱն룬һѪħҲǱնһֱۡ
Ҷ״ǰٴνеı˳ȥڶѪħͷ­ҲǱҶ׵Ŀ
Ҷ׵һȥ֮Ѧ׶ҲǵʲõĸõѺɫĳɫϲͣȼţԵаˡ
ѺɫУͬһֻ޵ĴһǱѪħûһܹġΪرǣÿһ˫ŶһλãӰҡƮ˫ѪħȺ嵱мս޲ʤ
ķɱУ˽ԵøΪ͡һǰȻûɱѪħȴǸֵ̫ѹ
䡭
ĲͣҲǱһ˺ϱеĴųȺѪħйȥǱѹѪħһְԵ״̬Ҷ׵ںոѪħʬʱ򣬱øӵˡ
ǺǡҶ׵ôͣһֱǺĺԵɶˡеĳ޼ûóѾʮѪħȫնɱˡһǰδе⡣
ܿЩѪħͱɱĸɸɾ
ҶܹоЩֻѪħһֶѣϷӦûںأ
ۡڵһѪħߺеڶѪħǰһЩѪħУȻ鵤ǿˡӦ޿Ѫڵλˡ
϶Ϲػ·ҺСںɱʱ֧ԮѦ׶ϾμӹʵսŶսʱָӾҪ˷ḻĶࡣ
һ֮£սֱ࣬Ѫħǵķ񹥻֮±ԩҰ
ڶѪħҲ⣬ܶ˼鵤ѪħЩѪħҶ׵˵Ķ֡һƽ֮£вʮѪħɱĸɸɾˡ
ǼˣٻаʮѪҪԸ
ɱЩѪħֿ֮ʼǰСԽǰߣǾԽܹһЩŧһѪɫճ塣ЩѪɫճ岢ڵ֮ϲͣţһϾҪըĸо
ЩγɵеѪħʱһսսɹʱϵģһЩǵѹеѪħɱ֮󣬺ҲǴӺЩѪɫŧǵ˵
˵еĳ޺ݺݵĵһѪɫŧųѪɫŧ֮ϲƣѪɫŧܿͱ˺ɴƬѪ
λЩѪħûеûйȴǳ˶ҺڸλЩѪɫŧ˺ʱҲϣܹעİȫҪǿҵĶҺճϡ
ЩҺȻϾжȴԲϵĸʴ壬ǳѡںһ㴦ЩѪɫŧʱҲҶ׵ˡ
ǵĲǰУһ·Ҳն˲ϰٸѪɫŧ֮ͣ˿ǵǰȻһ޴ĶѨͨˮͬǣѨͨˮ߰˱Ŀխ
ﴢӦСˮѾһ޴Ѫأ治ѾʼճѪҺкܶͨ˵ʬǺѪ⣬ٲȻһ޴Ѫħķء
֮⣬ˮУѪħڵУͣĺţһ㡣
ЩѪмһ޴ѪɫŧŧȻվһųӡ
ǾѪ࣡мǸޱȾ޴Ѫɫŧʱ򣬺͵˵
ԭҵѪӦø˲Ŷԣ͸ѪɫŧѪɫǿȣ羹ȻоһϢĸо
ڿѪɫŧľ֮ͱøӽˣλѪɫŧѪҪˡ
ʵ鵤֮ÿһĳгɹʵġһЩǲڡͱ˵ѪħֻҪ㹻Ѫһܹ񾳡
һ񾳣ʵͻʮ౶ʱһ϶ɱᱻɱûнʱǱ뾡ֽΧɱƽʱǾԲֵģڲͬѪħͷĿѪҪˣٲֺܻܿҶ׵һɱ
ȺĽţҶ׵ҲǾȲѡǾѪֻмʮ׵ľˡ⼸ʮ׵ľ棬гʮѪħǵǰ
ΪǣЩѪħҶ׵˳֣ûʲôӦƺҪһֱѪ񾳡ȵʱѪͻ֮󣬾ͿԴǴɱķˡ
ԣԲܹѪͻƣȻǿ¾ͻʧصģѦ׶ѪǸѪɫŧҲһĽšǰ̫ѪħóȻȥ׾ͻᱻԷɱ
ʱҪ˽̽·ˣ
ðɣ֪׶ϴ󣡡϶˽ܲٴαһ޴Ѫ˹ȥ
Ȼ˽ܳѪʱ򣬴Ѫħʼ˹ȥ
Ҷ׺Ѧ׶ҲǸɱ˽ȥʱ򣬺ҲʶԼλãٸںˮҶһɱڵһˡ
ۡ
ҶЩ˵У͹ԶȽƽһЩһ·ɱҪöࡣЩѪħͷǳĹáÿſ͵һܹһѪħԼߣžһѪħն롣
ͬʱٽյɢȥһԼΧѪħֱɳȥ


һٶʮ Ѫħǰ
Ҷ׵ЩûжЩѪħ˺ȴҲӰ켫ǵжΪжӻЩѪħûһκвҶҶһ·ɱû谭
ôһ·նɱҶ׾ȻΪ˵еһѪѪɫŧĸǰǿԺѪ潻ˡ
һȺС޾ȻҲҵǰҰǻĲͷˣЩͨѪħֻѪɫЩѪħͷĿͽȻͬˡ
˵ȫһʺɫ˵һѵѪͲ׶Ӵģǰһͨ˶ᱻһ³Ե;õġ
֮ıһ˫ɫĳڻȶţʱһ
˿ŧеѪħͷĿѪ໹Ǵһַǳ״̬
ѪվѪɫŧ΢۾ȫѪɫŧѪɫš
ЩѪɫѪɫŧϸһ壬ķ紵ݶܹͨϸϵëܵȻǰЩҲǲİˡ
ܹͨЩϸɢһЩ˵൱ĵֻ۾ˡ
һʶøҹҳȥʱǵڣһҪƳΪʬ޾ֻصʹ࣡ǰԽԽ࣬Ѫ಻ûк·Դв˵
Ͻǰ˵ǲҪ˸ǲسŵģǷŹӱ䱾ȺǵģڳϽɱˣ
籾һϲСˣڿѪҪƻҶ׵ˣûеȵҶ׵ӦȺˡ
ɱѦ׶Сһ˽ܵһȥ
գ֮Ϳһ͵һƤ˽ű׾ݺݵײѪɫŧ
ˡһ˽ܸոײŧ֮ϣͿ޴ŧȻųƬѪɫĹâֱӽȥ
žһ˽ֱӱĵڵϡʱҶٴβȥ
ɢ
˽ܱҶûкһ³çֺݺݵץѪɫŧ
ء
Ѫɫŧ֮ѪɫķҶ׵ҲǲͣĲڣƳ̫ܲҲȥ
ɢ
ʱҶҲѾ˲Ѫɫ͵ĽЩͷųȥֱѪɫŧ֮ϱը
顭
ЩѪɫѪɫŧ飬ȴѪɫŧѪٵţӰ쵽Ľ񾳵Ľˡ
һȺСȥɣܵԼ״ԽԽѪҲüͷһ壬͵һΧĴѪħ˹Ҷ׵˾ͿѪһڣܿѪɫŧĸ˺Ѫ೤ļһģһľŸ
ѪľŸ£ôܣǶѪģѪŸŲͬװķ̲סг
Ҫ֪֮ǰŸ˻ǲͬĸ壬ھȻѪģ֪ѪڼʲôаĻŸҲô仯
ʥԺһЩСޣҸոаŹھǵѪǰɣѪһľŸͿʼ
ৡŸѪӰһҶ׵ˡ
ȻŸѪӰʵ鵤ɣûһ鵤۷塣ǵʵȴԱͨ鵤ɵҪǿټǵĿħ֮壬صսٴɡһѪħѹҶ׵˲ͣĹǰ㴭ϢĻᡣ
ϣЩѪħôô˽ܱѪħֱӴ˳ȥıƤڵҹ˵ĴҲûôáŸƾޱݵٶȣһ˶ԸѪħлֵлѦ׶ǣƣҶ׺ͺһ˶Ըһ
ھֻҶ߱Ƚˡ
СһҪǽЩѪħ𣿡Ҷ׵˱Ѫѹƣ̲ס˵
ǰѵ㻹õİ취𣿡ĻҶ׸Ͻʵ
취УҪһˣѪѾ˽Ĺؼʱ̣һһأǾ͸ӵΣˣһжľЩΪѵ˵
ãֻҪܹǶȹѹأʲôҶܳԣԼüֵѾˣҶȷʵҲЩżˡ
취㹻ѪɫʱѪħܹúһʵӳɣ㲻ôҲӦֻᣬͻȻһҶ׼ԽܵĻתһ룬ֻʱĻҪðˡ
ãҾͳһ°ɣȻǰѪħʵǿ󣬵Ҷ׻ʵеġ취ҪҶ׽Ѫħ֮ڵѪɫեɣɱȻҪôĻҪԽԽòС
磬磬磬΢ټһЩϽѪħ͹ȥǡ˫յֱӽѪħ֮ҶȫʱһȦȦҲסõµ
ҹѪħȫһѪɫףǿǵٶȺͷӦձϲҶ׽һֱ࣬ſָâͳѪħץȥ
Ҷ׵ĹǺѽѪħķƳģǾָݺݵĿѪħϵʱͻȻϳһ뵽Ѫħ棬ȻֱӽѪħķ˺һҶ׵ƾܹ˳̽Ѫħ档
ۡһѪħ౻ץ飬Ҷ׵档
ۣ
һҶ׿˵׼֣ѪħôҲͽ޹ֱӱҶ׽еȫեɣһ߸ʬ
˻һѪħɸʬڵĸҲǵһ
ǶΪԼˣǺҶֱͿһѪħȣǾԵ˺ܶˡ
Ҷե˵һѪħ֮󣬱㳯Ѧ׶ǱߵѪħ˹ȥ
ΪѦ׶ǣƣҶٴʩչ֮ϵѪɫԽԽ࣬նɱѪħٶҲԽԽ졣һٸʱ䣬ҶҲǽѪħȫɱԼۻһǧľ顣
ڼһ·նɱͨѪħõľ飬ѾʮľֵˡҲ˵ٵõһľֵͿԽ鵤ɵľˡ
һΪûиоսҶױʶԼ׹֮ˡ
Ҫ֪Ҳֻ¶ѡ


һʮ ̵
ǽѪеѪħķȫ֮󣬾ͿʼĿѪˡ
ʱѪɱѪħĽҲֻǲһʱ䣬˫սΪҵʱ̡
еѪħͳͳҳЩɱԼľŸҶ׵ɱ֮ѪħͷĿѪʱҲǶʱˡܹоЩ۵ʥԺѧԱеôһģܿڶʱ֮ھͽõһȫһ
Ѫ෢ʱԭǱȽƽѪؾȻʼѪɫŧĺ棬һпʼתеоȻдѪħ˳
ЩѪħȻǴһְƷ״̬ǵٶȴһ㲻ЩͨͨĶѪħ˳һҶ׵ˡ
ѪѾ·ߣҪ˺սԼˡ
һֱޱȵĺƺ뵽ʲôʱλЩѪ񾳵ʳȻʳϳ˵ֻһ֮ңˣǲܹٺˣ뾡콫ɱ
ܺޱȵĺ£ȴһֱվڶĺ棬ҳǰ
ͬʱ˿̵ҶҲΪ˴ѪɫûѪ졣Ϊɱ̫ѪħմȾ̫ѪɫԵʡ
˲֪ҶԼȴޱȵܹоԼԽԽ񱩣мζҪͷԼͬɱֻ־ǱȽϼǿνԼеĳ嶯ѹûκιֵľٶ
һѪħҶƺԼҵһйڡ
ȫҶ׳嵽Ѫɫŧǰ뾡콫ѪɱҶ׵Ѿϵ˶壬Ѧ׶Ҳԥ˽Ҷױ˿ȻҲҪ͵һ뵽Լ͵һԸѪħҲƴս
ۣ
ΪԽԽ٣ҶֻܹѪɫˡһѪɫͱԽɿƣѪħļХѪħȺʱҶҲͬһһѪɫŧĸǰٶȼԽ˵
ʲôôҲѪɫѵҲѪħѪͳҶ׵ģѪʱ
תһ룬ҶѪħѪͲǱޱȵѡڷΨһԭܿҶʲôķѪɫյԼˡ
СӣΪҵѪɫܹһ޵Уˣھ㷢񷢷ɣѪڽҶٵ͸֮󣬱㿪ʼȡӦжˡ
ৡѪɫִչҪҶ׸
ҶܵӣŸһȥ
õ˫ٶ죬û⼸ѪɫֽҶװ߱ڰ֮зɿתת˫źŤΪһţֻʣ˫˫ڰ֮תգ֮伸Ѫɫ־ͱŸֱնˡ
ȥŸѪɫָҶ׷ֵѹʱѪ͵ŤѪɫŧһ޴ĴѪɫŧſһŴҪҧҶס
ˣһֱҶ˽ҲǱɽɴһȥֱӽһŴ˵Ҷ׵һѾʵʵѪɫŧ֮ˡ
֮ǰһѪɫŧǳһѪɫ־ҪҶ׵ĹҶ׼ָۣצֱץɫѪɫ֡ķɿתҶգ֮ͽѪɫָͳһ󶴡ţҶҲǽеıѪɫŧ֮ϡ
ն
Ҷ׵յֱѪɫŧ֮ϣѪɫһͬˮһı֮кһҶȫѪҲܵ˼Ĳ
žҶ׵ѪܾͺһӵѪɫ˿ǺˮˮˢӵҶ׵Ѫܶʱ
ˣҶȻƴս˫ȵŵأȫԾ
һȫʱսҲǴﵽһ۷״̬
ৡһӣһѪɫĵâеı֮зնֱӺѪɫŧ֮ϡ
һһ׶ʮ׶೤ĵâ֮ҶеıҲӦ顣
žͿһֱվѪɫŧеѪ˫ۣҲǰ꾹ȻܹôǿսҪѾˡһѪɫâ£Ѫֱӱ롣
顱һѪɫŧֱӱըеѪħҶ֮˶ɳȥҶâ˳ڵ档һ䵽һͷԵȥ
ʲôѪ౻Ǹò˵һУҶ׵սһӵվд˲˼ı飬Ѧ׶ǹ˲ϾȸϽܵҶߣһ߸ˣһеעΧ䡣
һ֮£Ҷ׾Ȼһľ״ֱȫû塣
𣡡
ʱ򣬳׽ѪħɱĿҲƴ˹˵ҶױڻҲ뿪ˡ
ģҼ壬ӦֻܵһЩˣټĹȣӦûµġѦ׶һ̾Ҷױ̬սһ߶ο
⼸ͨҶ׶Ѧ׶˵̬ȣҲǶһ˽⣬˴֮ĹϵҲǱȽϺѦ׶ı֤ԭޱȷŭıǻ
ˣǿȥȡѪϵʬˣѪ౻Ҷֱն룬ֱŸ㽫Ѫͷ­иװһ档
ǵڿ뿪ˮصˡ
ͻȻʲôϽܵѦ׶ֺõ˵ѦӳǵСֵ˲̫֪ͣ⸽һǳʺ˵ĵطλҵĻ͸߰ɣұ֤ﲻãһгʥҩ
һκı龹ȻϣƺûаαĶ档Ѧ׶ܹĳǿҶǿսҪǽ뵽ȡùⱦأŻֺǵġ
֪һ壬ǳ˵濼ǣѦ׶ЦЦ˵˵ȻʹȥɣҾ㣬;⣬ǿǲĹģ
һ·ϺѦ׶ҲηġҶûбǿսʱһֱΪЩ˵УѦ׶ʵǿѦ׶Ļ͸ӵİ˳ġ
ڵõѦ׶֮ͬ󣬺Ͻǰ濪·֪֮ǰŬ˶ٱ
ںĴ£˳뿪С˾СǺԶһƬɭֵС


һʮһ 
ǽɭֵΧĻҲԽԽӣ඾ϵİ֮γһƬŨ˱治嶫
ں׼һЩⶾҩϤĵΣǲܹ˳뵽ɭֵһ޴ĵ¶Ѩǰͣ
Ǵ̵ˣֻطǳΣֻͨһЩĵϵ￪ţҲǻĹܼһ֪طأһһֺӡ
Ҳѹ֣Խܹ¾Ȼװεۼһ̺ͿջС
˵ģ˵վſڵĸ۷͹Ǻһˣǻʾǿѹٶ鵤ѪħҲҪɱġ
طѪħսݳǳ֣֮˳ֳһƬĻ̵̻ľ󡣿ȫȴû˿ȫֶҴĿֻţֳǰδеķ١
̵ѡԸЩҵ˲ÿʮһĶңܹȡ档ˣĿǰĴ̵Ҳһζҵд׬һʡ
˵Ǵ̵꣬˵һСͳСдӸ۹ִߺӶ֮⣬ӷҲǾۼ
Ȼֹһ£ɱһץסǸɱ̵ۣҲʵͨ죬Ż̵˥ܡ
һ붴ѨУǱ㿪ʼһ·ŶѨȥûǾһҩǰ
ŰɣѦ׶ϴҲǼ˵вƸһˣҶΪŶˣȻȻĽҶ׵ҽҩѸ
ҵҩ˵ҩʤ㻨ϼʮܹ򵽲ʺҶõ˵ҩ
뿪ҩ֮ǱһջϢ
ΪӰҶϢǶһ󷿼䣬Ҷ׵һӣǼһԷչҶס˲صҶҲΪж
ǺǺǣСһЩֵܶ㻹ǲϣǵĹϵܹԱƸʱҲܹһֱάȥҶ׵˳űԴп˵
ðɣ͵û˵Ҷڲܹ˵ܹоҶ׺Ҫɱ˵Ŀ⡣
ʱʼԾתƻˡ
Сһ֮ǰնɱõ˲һľӦÿ֧㽫ڵΪȥ˰ɣܵҲҶı仯֮Щȵ˵
˵ԼѾնɱѪħͷĿѪࡣżһԼľֵ
ҵ죬ʮǧ࣡ϸһ֮󣬲֪ΪնɱѪħͷĿѪ࣬õ˲һǧľ˵ôһӣֿԴ鵤С鵤ˡ
һûмԼΪ硣һΪ̫죬δЩšһҲΪΪ̫죬ȱٳ̫٣ƢҲԵЩΪĥԼҶҲǹ⽫Լѹ
ܵҶʵ뷨֮ҲԴ˵ˣδҪߵ·أԾôήʵǶδķչ϶мôģ
ţҶһ뵽ԼͷصҲǰĵ˵ͷ˵
㽫Լϵıȫ⿪ʼһЩѵˡ
ͨһĥҶͻȻʶԼܷһǳһǿսķӣҪһʺԼˡ
ܵһЩˣҶ׻ǼͨʮĻѵǿ˯˵ڶֿʼѵһѵҲֻһͽˡѦ׶˽Ҷ׷ʱֻһڴϢҶס
ֻ˿̵ҶѾϵıˣ֮ǰľˡ
ףϵû˰ɡѦ׶ΪϴһҶ׵ߡ
ףӦö˰ѣҰԵʳ˳˽ҲЦǺǵ˹
ŸŤŤùһЩҩҶ׷ȥ
Ҷױܵ˾ͲǺأˣڷһЩ˵ҩ֮ƼѾõ߰˰ˡΪ˱֤ҶԺеӣǻǾڴ̵Ϣһʱ䡣
ϢʱȻǵ̵תһת˵ܹһЩʲôõĶأ
뿪ջ֮Ҷ׾ҲǴߣһ·϶ɺǰ·ܿǾһƬ̸ǰǴ̵ҵˡ
λүиָʥҩ෱࣬Ʒӭǰѡһ鵤Ļվһҩ⡣
ʲôһ鵤ɵ߾ȻӣĵϵΣѦ׶ĳѾϰΪҶ׺˶һνôߵĳʱһЩ档
ǿǱߣȻб񾳵Ļƣӿ϶ҵˣΪ鵤ɵĻѾ˲ˣһתͿһ񾳵ĻƣҲŸҲǲɵø̾
˵˽ȻûгԹ⣬Ǽܵģֻ̾Ҷ׺ŸѾֵˡ
߽ҵΪشʱҶͻȻһޱϤתͷһͿ˫վڲԶһܵĽ̸š
٣˾Ǵ̵꣬Ǽ廨ؽΪһĵͼ治֪طأ֪ٶﻹ𣿡˫һߣһĵ˵
ʱͻȻһŤͷÿҲڿҶס
ʲôСҲ֪طɨˣһҶף˫ɫҲ΢΢һ䣬ָֻƽˡ
ǰٻһ۾Ϳ˫ı飬Щֵʵôˣ˫󣿡
ǺǺǣҿһˣ٣ȥǴк˫ԶʮֵĹ
ٿ˿ǱҲʥԺѧ˵ͷʱ˫ͬõһ첽˹λû뵽ּˣǻԵ
˫һ߹һ̵ı顣
˫˽ҲǺԥȥ˵ˣⲻ˫ô㻹û𣿡
ǺǣҪȵ֮Ҷһֱȥɣ
ˣ˸ǣŶģøȥȻĻǵ³ܲҵģ˫һᵽϸ¶ٻı顣
ŶôǣԲүæûȥߣ˽ܲԲ֣ȴǲˣ
ԼĿѾﵽ˫ʱЦһ˻ȥ


һʮ ս
ôĵĻ𣿡ƺܵ˲һ֮Ҳǵʵ
Ǻܺãض٣ǹк˵ûգ
ϧô˵Ƕǲӣ٣ûð˫˵Ҷ׵˹ϵȴڱǵˮ
˫ĻȻҲǲʲôȴûֱ˵Ƿʵ˫ǲѣǳаɣ
Ǻǣһ۾Ϳˣ治Ƕٰġ˫žͰԼܵôҶ׽˵һ顣Ȼİ汾ȻвԶƵҶϣȻְһת˵Ҷ׵ĵôصˡ
˫ĻҲ΢΢һЦ˵Ǻǣð죬ֻҪҷ̵ĸˣԺҾͰƽˣﲻǶֵĵص㣬һеȵǳȥ˵
˵ŶٱתҵֵĺĴȥղŵûзһ
ٵĻ˫ֻת˿Ǳ̸ЦҶ׵һ߿ˡ
˫ĴȻǻòͷˣ˫Զ˽Ҳǲͷ˵
˽ܵĻѦ׶Щֵ˵϶ղȷʵЩ嶯ѵûп˫Ǳ𣿡
иղһֱվ˫ߣ˫һֱֺõǸƺͷСʵ̫ҪʱҪ͵һЩһ뵽ղǸʲӣѦ׶Լѵ˵
ţ˵ǸٺʥԺ˫ĹǸɳԱΪ鲻ôģһ뵽ղŵ飬ŸЩε˵
˫Ѧ׶һ˫ʱҲǸоһͷЩ˵
ŸѦ׶ϵı飬ҶҲԴɻʵ˫Ǹʲôʵĺǿ𣿡
ҶĻŸҲԴ̾˵ʥԺڶ࣬ΪǿҲֻôʮо˫˵˫ϴܹԦ˫ͷݵأܣһ۷ĸ֣ѾǾӢѧԱˣ
ҶѾʥԺͨѧԱǾ뾫ӢѧԱǲ˺ܶ࣬һӢѧԱܹСӶҺֻеĹǸɳԱĻӢѧԱĻûзĻˡ
ˣٿҲһѲĽɫ
ˣҲǲܹƵġԺһһСİɣܵ˶ЩţѦ׶ҲЦЦ˵
Ѧ׶ô˵Ҳôˡ
ϾһʥԺǾȻзḻԴ澺ҲǼҵĶࡣ
Ϊ飬Ҳûҵּй䣬صջʼ׼ڶгˡ
һҹ£ڶϺһǽ׼·ˡ
ҸյõϢѪںˮˣ˵ҪˮȡһǳҪĶûв´ĻӦǻұŵԿˡ
λҲҪģȻбŵԿףǲ֪ľλҲû;ģһֻҪѪɱͻлõ뱦ԿףҿǻǾ̰ɣԴֺõ˵
Ѧ׶ԺѾɣҲȷ˵Ǽٻ˵ͷź·ˡ
뿪̵֮Ǳ㳯۷ȥܿһС֮С
֮ǰСЩƣСеˣ˵ʬҰͬʬѾñʵʬЩʬѾñ绯ˣѾ˺ܾá
ǷС򣬹ȥ˶ϲɱɱȴ˸ɱˣǿЦʮָп˵
ҵ鱨ʾѪǺܾܿͰԿײпһˣҲпˣ˵һƺʲô
ţѦ׶һ˺Ĳͬ飬Ҳһ£оƺ˵
ߣѦ׶ʹ˸ɫҲԽעж
߽СǸζСĽֵȫʯ飬˹Ϊ֮ġ
Ϊʲôôʯ飿Ÿͺһٿȫ飬ЩԵʵ
ǺǣǺȥɣҲǺϸ˿ϵʯЩƵ˵
ԽǰߣԽܹоϸĸоƺһںܾõСˡ
ȷѪǾ⸽ҶҲǸоʲôԣЩɻʵ
ǵģѪһǶȻΪȡԿ׿϶أ˵ԽԲȥǵ⡣
߰ɣѦ׶һתͻȻϵ˵Ѧ׶ĻҲǸϽת뿪
һѦ׶Ļʱżˡ
λˣϾҪѪǲĵطˣѵǲҪԿ𣿡׷ȥϽ˵
ǺǣԿףҿһɣ
˵ɣǵǼˣʲôطǲǾǲرصĵطأѦ׶Ҷ׼һӾͽΧ˵УƺֻҪ˵һٻͻὫɱһ
ҡ翴ô˰ΧϣʱҲһĺ¡
žžž
ʱ򣬴ͻȻ߳һˣһȻ˫Ͷ٣
һϷǲڰǸɱˣܹõеıأٵһǰ棬Ҷ׵Ц˵
٣αغǽֱͣӽץסһ̿򲻾𣿡˫ҲһЦ˵
ˣǵŵĶһɫ鵤ɵĸ֣һа˸˫Ͷپʮˡ
ʮǻǷǳռ˵ġοߵƽʵҪҶǿأ
Ҷûв´ĻѾ޽ӽˣп϶ౣֶΡ
ʲôˣ翴ٵ˶ʱһ㶣΢΢Щµ˵
ǺʲôˣҲʥԺѧԱרɱǵˣȻԸͶҲģٴһΧźЦ˵
ڶٿǰЩ˶ҪС
Ѧ׶ǰĿ⿴Щ˵磬ǰ㵱ѣǰ㵱ūԼѡɣ
ҡ֪ԼӦѡӪˡ
ѡҶ׵ˣŪþͻᱻٵūѡ٣̾ͻ
ȥһѡ񣺡ãҿԴӦǣϣܹѹıطָһݡ
óɽѦ׶͵ź仰֮Լˡ
ǺǣȤҵ𣿡
ԲܹǵԮϵ̸ɱǣһ֪Щܹƿصġ
սϿʼҲǺԥĽźŵ˳ȥ


һʮ ʵĶ
ݡһһöźŵӺзգֱը˻̻
ɱٿһöźŵ֮ƺʲôʱԥֱеһɱȥ
ܹоҶ߿϶ԮЩԮϵǻҪ鷳ġҲֻ鷳ѡ
ֵܼһҪЩСȫɱ⣬һͬʱҪǸڣȥѰұأٵĿʮа񣬿ƽʱ϶˲顣ҶɱֻǶֵѡ
ǿݣ˵Ѧ׶ҲǸоԼļͷѹֻʱԷѾԼǰ볷Ѿˣֻܹһȥ
ҶԶ٣ǼһҪסѦ׶ԼϵĽϱף֪Լ⼸зǿһҲǵʲõĳ嵽˶ٵǰ
ȻٶȱȲŸˣٶѾ˲٣Ĺ߾ҶҲǲһ
Ѧ׶һ϶ٱһеذ״˳ȥеذָ֮֮ϲͣתһɹɴƿ졣
޴Ѧ׶ԼĿ꣬ҲЦһ͵һ̳ȥ
ʱ˽ҲѦ׶
ڵ˽ܿѾ龳۷ֱ߳ӱѾ⼸߸ɳȥʱҶ׵ҲǴӺ油
ߣƾЩèҲҪǰǲ֪Ҷ׵˴ӺҲЦһٴѦ׶ߡ
˿ԭͺǿ׳Ķȫļ˫ۻһ޴ȭͷַѦ׶֮䣬ƬȭӰѦ׶ǰ
顱һһȭѦ׶֮ϣֱӽˡ߸ϵʱ򣬶ٴѦ׶һ߰ȭѦ׶ˡ
𣡡
ܵѦ׶ƣһֱںǳֱ붭ٶһȭ
üһСһô󣡡붭ٺݺݵƴһȭ֮Ĳͣˣһƨڵ̲ס
ȴǸѦ׶ȡһᣬѦ׶˫սذٴɱȥ
û׷Ѧ׶ٴζƴһȭѦ׶ذ֮ϣеذҲǵֱ졣
ŸߴӺҶߵҲ𽥱ѹȥ
Щ˿ʼҶ׵˰Χʱ˫ʼѰҶˡ
Щ˵У˫ĿҶˡ
СӣҵֵܸˣͰɡ˫󽫱ĳǹ˳ֱҶ׵ǰء
һ˳ǹޱȵͣһ־ǴŨŨĺɫâƺǾʦһ
Ҫ㣬һ˳ǹҸ׼Ϊɱ׼ģĺɫâɻҪڵг٣Ҷײ֪Լִ˫˫ֵ׻̻˲СӰ죬˫ֱǰҶ׺֮ǣǼ廨ôһҪһѩǰܡ
˫֮еĳǹ̹Ҷ͵ĽŲתԱһǿ˫еĳǹ
Ǽˣ˫ǹɻҶ͵һѣΣһֲԤס
СһҪСˣǶɻһմȾͻ֮⣬ǱޱߵĺڰϽѵ
ȻСһҲҪ̫ģΪɻϾĶʱţǹϵɻҲὥɢʱ˳ǹӰûôǿˣϸĹ۲һ˫ǹ֮ϵɻ˵
Ȼôģ˫ȴ֪ЩЩ֮ߵģܿûУҲ֮ǰҶ׸ɱģ
Ҷ׶ĵһǹ֮˫ٴǰ˫ֽճǹ㳯Ҷɨ˹ȥ
ǹս£
˫һǹѾ׼öԸҶ׵ĺУһ˳ǹݺݵĴɨ˳ȥͬɨҶһɨҶס
ʱҶҲǶ޿ɶ㣬ֻȫԡ
Ҫ֪ҶʵȻҲǳǿ˫鵤˵Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
顱һҶ׽еעԼֱ֮ϣֱӽ廤סҪ˫ĳǹ
ʱһ޴Ӱ˫ĳǹĹʱҶ׵סһǹ
š顱һ޴Ӱݺݵ˦ɳȥ
ޣ
ޱ˦ɣݺݵڵϣҶ׸Ͻ˹ȥ޻
ҿƤ񣬲ûܵش
Ҷ׳ֿȭڴ̵һϺõĸֵϽֵӸҶף˱Ƚϳֵ
һҶ˫ʱ򣬲̡
Ŷ𽥰ȥʱѾԽԽˡ
飡
ܵشŸ鵤۷ĸֶԸһٶٿ죬˫ȭѵ֣ǱɳȥҿʱǳӺ涥ƵĶƣΪ赲Ÿ鵤۷ֵĺһһ
һߣҲһ˶鵤۷ĸֻ֣֮ҲΣաڶٻָҵ⣬Բûжɱ֡
֮⣬˽ҲǺһ鵤۷ĸִĻȡһӴ˽ȴŰˣǱֵɳŰۿһ֧Ҫˡ
ʱ֧ԮĶҲ١ޱȻңǸɳƵҲֱΧ˺磬ʱ
ðĻˡ
ȻҾͿʼɱ¾ɣٿѾ֮ƿʼϵܿΪﵽ˱񾳡
һȫ˶ʵˡ
Ҫ֪񾳿ߵһ޴ķˮ롣˵鵤ֻߵﵽ뾫ĽϣﵽŵĿġ
һﵽţߵıԽɢԶĵطǧɱ֪һǿҪ鵤۷ĸٱˡ
ǿӣ
֪ԼĿĿ϶ǴﲻˣԼԮˣ붼Ҫ뿪
Ƕô뿪Ҫָź·أ
ѾʼߣҲЦһ˿ɾͿһӰֱڵλá
˱ʵۣɱһɱģڶŷǰʱڽԼʵݸ¶ϧٿɲʲôݣɱ
ݣϽݣԼĻ޷в٣Ͻȥһ鵤۷ĸֱӽٸΧ


һʮ һõ
飬飬飡
һžͽһ߷ɳȥһʱ򡣶Ҳֻһȭͽһɡڵǰʱ򣬶ٴγȭ
ǱǿߣЩ鵤۷ĸʱ򼸺ǲһ
ЩҲǳصģǸȽϴģսޱȷḻٴˣȴûܵκ˺
ҲԼ϶ֲ˶õġ뵽ɳҲǸ̾һˡܣֻܹȥˣϲ
˵һͳȥ
ıߣȥʱ˫͵ĵŵأͬһֻӱߡ
ߵ㿪ʼʱֱĺһֽ
֮еֱӱһƬƬѪɫֽƬٵ塣
⼸ɳоȻȼԼԼͬھҲ¶һı顣
ǾôҾͳȫǺˣٿǺǰչֳԼ񾳵ʱһʩչͺħһ˶÷ǳĺö
˻еһƬƬѪɫֽƬٵʱ򣬶Ҳ͵ĳȭ
ȭ
䡱һһ޴ȭӰӶٵֱ֮ϷֱӾͽ˻еĳƬ
ʱҲѾͬѪɫֽƬ˶١
ҵԵ͵ϮټûԥֱԼ˫ֱ㽫ǵץסƬ
˶ˣǴƬѪǻڶٵ߾þòܹɢȥڶҪȥץʱеѪȻһӾ£һֱӽٵ強ڵС
顱һѪըٵҲǱѪģԭӢҲЩˣ
ٱŪøӵĿ񱩡֮ܵǿŭ֮󣬺羹Ȼŵһƨ̱ڵˡ
顱һһ޴ƵºݺݵںĺֱӾͽιȥ
ʱ򣬶ٿʼתԸҶ׵ˡ
ܹˣҶڿٽ֮ͻȻоһǰδеΣС
ʱѦ׶ҲʼԸ˫󣬶ʱ˫ѹˡͬʱ鵤۷ĸҲǲ
ؼʱ̣ҶڰͲסѡͻˣ
䡱һҶ׽ľһ֮̾͵õ˴ʵգ֮ľʹ鵤Сɱɴɣսֱһµ̨סһľҲǴﵽʮ塣
ͬʱĵҲǱ

ֵ440
սֵ1500
һʶ˿ΣԣҶҲǺԥĵһ
һӾ˫ǰ͵תеĸֵȻһת

Ҷ״˿̵һӱ۷壬ȫеĸֵͣ˫ĳǹײһֿɱ˫ȫ飬Ͳ㽫еĳǹˡ
ǹս£ܵҶһǰ֮˫ҲЩˡ͵Ľǹ𣬺ݺݵĳҶɨ˹ȥҶ׸񵲵ʱ˫Ҳ˳ȥ
һ̣Ѧ׶Ҳʼ¶һЩѹӵ׵ľɱˡ
˲˱ĿΧŸ鵤۷ߡ
Ҷ˫ŵŵ͵ļӿٶȣ廯Ӱ㳯һ鵤۷߱նɱȥ
ڰûͬʱѦ׶ҲǼӿٶȣһ߳һ鵤۷Ϊ˹
˵һǾĸ˵ʱ̡鵤۷߱ɱǻĻͻܶࡣĻڱ񾳵ǿǰǸûл֮ͱ˵ȥĿˡ
ƴˣѦ׶Ҷ׶Լ׷ɱŸҲǽԼ֮ڵĽʩչ
񱼣Ÿ͵ĺһԭ徹ȻҲһЩӯͬʱȫ³һȦȦɫĹ⻷Щ⻷һֱٶֱһϡһԭøղŻƵ鵤۷߾ȻʧȥŸӰ٣ΧӰӡ
ɣʱڲԶļҲѾ׼ͶƴˡҶ׵һҲǳѹҶٳеʱ򼸺ƴ̬ȣûиԼκ·
һԼĶֲԼ
ৡһӣҶ׵ɫӰѾһ鵤۷֮ǰˡ˫ֽеĸֵǿҲ˳˫۸ԴԴϵĹ䵽һѸֵ֮ϡһҶ׾Ȼ͸ֵΪһ壬һն鵤۷ߡ
潻Ļ鵤۷ǿ߿϶ܹҶһѾŸӰŪͷۻӦҲ½˲١ոշӦʱҶ׵ĸֵѾǰ
ͿѪһšۡһҶֱӽ鵤۷ضϣɱ
ͬʱһߣѦ׶͵һȻһźɫһ鵤۷ߵߡ鵤۷߸оͷһϢŲһûӦͷ­ͱѦ׶ˡ
ʱŸʱоԼѹڵ鵤۷߷ӦʱŸ˫趯˫ߵǰر˹ȥ
ۡһ鵤۷ҲŸе˫ֱͱ
գ֮䣬±𣬶ٵҲҶ׵ɱҶ׵˵ϣֶһЩ
ʱ򣬶ѾץźѾ̤˻
ֻҪԼһжɶӣһͽڵϣ׼ɱķˣǵʱ򣬶ʱסˡ
ʲôǼСӾȻɱҳϵӣǸû뵽Լո뿪һʱ䣬ͱɱ£ٴεȵס
ʱ˫Ͻֺõ˹ָҶ׵Ц˵ǼСӣȻɱ˶ٵˣҿǲˣϽҲٹϴܹǲ
߶ǽһټܹȫɱԴڵľҶߴڼΪΣյ״̬
ʱһֱſڵװĺһӱҶ׵ڵķ˹ȥֻҶ׵˸ֵˣ
ԭںϻһסǿһײǽ維ٵһӲĸһϣ㲻Ҳˡ
λǻŸʲôǿܣ֪һطܹҶһ٣ոܵҶ׵ߣӿڴȡʮö
ֻʮöǿǺȫ֮ʦ򵽵ġȻ㲻ϡ䱦Ƕ̫˵һӶһΡʮöӳһ˳ֱӾγһƬĵҩŶٵֹȥ


һʮ Ѫɫ
ӣһ˳ȥ
ҲϿӣܵѦ׶ҲǽѴϴӺź˳ȥ
ΪٶȱȽϻҲ֮ϸ˲˿ĵһζ˵˼ˡ
һȺСǸҵţ׷ǣ׷ǷǰǵƤɣУܶٲܵжӰ죬ЩȴӰжֻܹͣԭأܹǰҲǼ۴С
ܴ˿̵ĶԵʮֵǱôֲĽҶ׵ҲǾúð磬·𿴵һȻڷŭеӡ
ѵǰأ
ַĺҶҲ̲ס
һǰѾһֻһܳȥԶˡҶޱȵơ
û뵽Сƽʱսʱһ޾ɵӣʱܵıӻ죬һث֣ǰ棬±ٴ׷ץס˽ҲɤŴ
˽ôһһˤڵˤһʺˣһͷӵˣֱǰ˹ȥ
ǲҪңҴСӾͺСǸҼ̳лλⱲӶ뵱ʲôʵۣζξˣұ֤õĲƸ֮һǴ󲿷֣֪ԼѾûּۻ۵أֻܹǰȥԱܹõҶ׵˵Ͽɡ
Ҷ׵˵ǰĵ·ֻδ֪Ѧ׶ûش⣬ֻ֤ܣͻӦõ档
ȻȫܣܿǾСһǱ
һǱѾƾɲһַĸоǴÿһשһ߶ϺõĲϣǾһνѣȻԭȵķòû̫ı仯
֮⣬ԼһǿƣܣҶҪҲǸоһϢĸо
Сһҵ̣һֿĵֻϧѾû䣬޷ⱦĲƸܹؽ˵δһоҶ֮ҲԴп˵
ŶؽȷʵԿǣҶȻͬ⣬ȴûֱ˵ĬĬ˼
Ͼؽһҿһ󹤳̣ڵҪؽһҼֱС׼ˡ
Ǳĵңûв´ĻѪǾڵҵСһǰҲЩӵ˵ٸˡ
ѪǣѵȶٻҪ£ʮֺµӣ˽Щֵʵ
˽ܵĻһ˵ʵӦûУѪԲ̣ƴǶֻںԻҵģҰǴҪôܹܾˡ
ۡ˽ܸոջڳԶڳԵĶȫ絽ϣҲûǼ˵ʵҲȫû׼
ⶰһֱͨڵλãͬҲܹͨͨӱһλˣ
ȵɭһӣȵǰѶ棬ȻĻǵٶ̫ץסҪˣ޺һ޹ӣҶֻӲſ˵
ЩҶףʮǵϲ˼±㳯ɭ񱼳ȥ
ûãҶ׵˾ǿ
ǼСӣץǡ
䡭
Ŷټٱܣ涼Ų
ֻⶭٵƽʱЩһ˾Щ֡
СһԲǸԼʵʵƺʲôҩˮŻӵġоı仯ҲЩȵ˵
ҩˮôҩˮѵǴ˵֮еıҩˮҶֻǰ˵ȴûм顣
пܡܹоⶭϿ϶ĶԶŨŨķɳٴβ²
磬ǰ·ں㣡Ѧ׶źԴ˵
ã֪ˣ費˵ʲôֻðѦ׶Ļȥһת͵һ߽˱Ժ档ͨŽ뵽棬ܿǾһͨڴ
ʮֵĸĵͨڴȴޱȵĳʪһˮˮһˮ滹һŨŨѪζ
ء
һ߽˵ͨУҶ׵ҲǴӺȥʱ򣬾洫һ޴ײ죬ƺǶٸûֿžֱӽĸײɵһ
ڱűײ֮һƵĽŲҲǴӱĴſڴ˽
顱һҲһ£پȻûֱӽײһ󶴾˱ˡһƵĽŲ
ʲôǸٶôô죡ѾԽԽĶ٣ͷѾˡ뱦⻹һξ롣ǵѣٻĵ·Ҫأ
Ҳ֪˭ңÿһ¥һ㶼βҲ˵һҪ棬Ҫӵҵһߵһ˲ܹҵ¥ݡһߵľʮ౶ˡ
һˣٵֻһ֮ǵ±Ҳֻһľˡ
ô죿ȥ𣿡ߵҵĵڶ㣬Ҷ׿ŵһ¥Щֵʵ
ڱ¥ݵĺͨһܵҪܹ򿪣ϣһҪҸˣһȥҧҧ˵
ʱ򣬶Ѿ׷
СӣôˣҿǻܹӶã˵Ŷٱ󲽳׷
ء
Ҷ׵˻Ϊ뵽һһоͶϣˡǸոͿﲻƶֺˡ
ҶױҪߴٺ磬ߡǵߵߵֶʱҲסˡ
ཡҶҲǺݺݵ˿ĭûֺ磬Ϊͺһһ׶ߵѪɫľǾվ¥ݿڿǣ·ʱܹһڽǳԵһ
ô죿
ߣǲߣ
ĿܻһЩǲߣĻǳʹ࣬ǰǰѵѡ񣡡
Ҷ׿һѪʮĮĿ⣬ܵʲôһʹѪɫǵǰ嵽һҵС
ܵͷֵضɽҡӺ洫˽Ҳһҧ͸Ҷ׳˵ҡѦ׶ҲǸź˽ȥ
ʱѾʼ¥֮׷


һʮ ѪVS
ΪҶǵһһҵģҲǸĽţһپҪƽʱˡ
֪һһҶһ嵽һҵУͷҾȻһƬѪɫĳѪŨŨѪмʮָߣƽ׵ĵȫǡ
ǵǰһ׺ɵıţֵ֮ķڻķŽɫ⡣֮⣬дƬŨŨѪɫճ︽ڴ֮ϣЩճ֮һӤСѪɫ֩뻹ڲͣķźɫķһȴ֮ϸš
ЩɫճԽԽ࣬ȴžȻһĸʴȴŵмѾʴһһ׶Ŀնˡ
Ҷ׵˳嵽ǰʱ򣬶ٴʣļҲǴӺ׷˽һѪɫľվһ
ܶٺҶ׵ȣҪϼȦѪɫǣֻ׶ߵĻԲ㣬㰫һͷȻҲ΢΢һ㶣Щ
Ҷ׵˽ʱѪɫǻûʲô̫ķӦͺֻϽ뵽Լһڶٽ֮ѪɫǾͺвѾʼĺˡ
⾿ʲôѵʲôޣѪɫǣٲûкˣ˷ܹһֻѪɫѱĻõĺô࣬ȱĲƸҪ
໣
ڶٿʼѪɫǵʱѪɫҲǷĺʼִٲ

ѪɫǿʼҶ׵˺Ͷٵ˵ǰصĻζǲǵѪɫľצڰ֮лһ£̽ԵĽ
ʱԭѾڵսٴݣѪɫǣǶҲΪˡ
ô죬ǼӣѦ׶˿߲ɵĺ΢õʵ
Ѧ׶ôһʣһƨڵˡ
ǿһͼԱ߾뿪ͨؼôѪǺͶٻƴһѦ׶Ҫ˵Ŀ⣬Ͻ˵
Ѫǣôһ˵ҶҲЩֵʵΪѪӦһˣһľǡ
ȷʵѪǣˣӦǴڱ״̬СҶʵҲ̲סС
˵һ̣һƽ״̬ƺֻҪһȶҲȡӦĶ
֮ǰ쳣ţѪɫ֮һŵĶҲǳĬ
໡һѪɫƺĿ׼Ҷ׵ˡΪҶ׵ߵ΢һЩɱҲȽסһӿúӺˡ
ô죿ܵǰΣҶ׵ҲʼҪٶҪķ
ͻȻҶ뵽һΣգʵһ󵨵İ취Ǿıս֡ҲΪΣյһ֣˾Լ
ְ취ܹ죬ȴսϵԼƿأȴҪҶ׼İѿսϵÿһˡ
һȥѪǣѪ׷ҵʱҪ쵽ӱԱߵͨ뿪ûģҶڳ֮ǰһ˵
ãעⰲȫҶѾ׼Ѧ׶Ҳ֪ΣԥĻǺܿ˭ӲھֻܹϣҶˡ
ѪԽԽ겻ʱҶֱһֱֻѪ֮ץһѪˮһ̲Ѫˮ֮вۣͣһŴҪѪǵ塣
ۡһӣѪѪǵͷ֮ˣ
ˣԼСɹҶ׿ʼ̽ĳŶǱ߶
Ҷ׵ĶƺʲôȴܹķӦѪǵķӦܵС
ǼˣҶ׻ǻĳŶǱƶʱѪѾԼĿתƵҶ׵ˡ
ѪǣҶƶҲѦ׶мʱ͵һֱбžٵǰ
໡һѪǺܵ˴̼Ŷ߳˹
ĶǾֽСӸɱѪԸ֪Ҷ󵨵뷨ˣ
ʱ˵ʲôѾˡѪǳɱʱ򣬶Ҳǵһ˹ȥ
Ѫſҧٵʱ򣬶ҲǴԼĿڴȡһһ֮ѪתһѪɫҲ治ͣţ·ʱ̶гշеĸо
Ѫ֣ٶѪǵηԽԽԽ٣Ѿ˿ԺԲƵĳ̶ȡѪһŴѾǰʱ򣬶ٵյͳֱֱۣӴѪǵһֻ۾
һ£ڶΪԼһ϶̵ܹѪǵʱѪǵıȻչһ˫ѪһĳֱչչȻܹʱУȴٶȺڰ֮жĿˡ
չԽСԽѪڵ֮ϻ
໡һѪǵ͵һתͶ˶ٵһ̡
֫˫͵һȣٶȲϼӿ죬ڶյʱҲ͵ĳǰһٴſѪ죬Ҫҧٵǰء
飡
һֱƵĶپȻѪǣһѪѹԵȡʤٱѪֱӺײɳȥѪصС
໡һѪٴ
ѪײѪصУŪĻѪ۾Ҳǳ׹⡣
˫ѪѾ˵ԼǰȫļٴһȦֱ֮ϵѪܸǱƽʱ׳ѪҺȼһ治ͣķתҲ汬
ѪǴڰ֮ͣϾҪӰѰ֮ʱ򣬶ҲǴѪصվ˫ȺݺݵĵŵأûѪ׹ͬһ֧ҵķɼֱ˹ȥͬʱһɫĵâҲǴ˫֮б
ˡһڶ֮ȫ汬ʱѪҲǷһ󳩿
ѪǿٵһҲǾ͵һͷһѪɫĶͷ͹
һâݺݵĻѪǵͷֱӴܡ
໡һˣѪǻǱֱУٵȴûиı䡣
žһٴαѪеѪķɳȥ
ڶٺѪɱʱҶҲù
֮ǰѦ׶˷ֵѹܹһЩһҪ鵤۷ߣЩԲˡ
ɢ
鵤۷׷ʱҶҲٶȳѦ׶ǱȥһߣһƽѪѪҺյģΪЩ鵤۷ߡ


һʮ ѪǱ׽
˵Ҳ֣ЩֻͨѪҺҺ壬ȻܹҶ׵бһ֧֧Ѫɫɼһʱ鵤۷׷Ҷ׵ٶҲΪѪɫɼãŻ
ЩѪɫɼòҶӳһ׵ʱͱȫ·鵤۷߸ǵĸǰ
ৡ
Щ鵤۷߶Ƕרѵִͬģǵ־ǳǿǿֻҪǶٵǾðҲҪɡ
鵤۷ߵסȥ·֮󣬺ļ鵤۷ǿҲǸоͰһֱҪɱҶ׵˫
˿еĳǹ֮Ѿûиӵɻ꣬ͨ
ǾԲܹôðջȥҶգѦ׶˽һɫ㳯Ҷױĵطȥʱ룬ȻûߣǸǷ˻ȥ
ն
Ҷ֪ǰ鵤۷߲ʲôͣú׷¾ҪնɱˡҲǽԼʩչΪնʩչֱǰ鵤۷ߡ
Ϊһγ֣ҶԵǱͻƵս˫ʱȫҲڲϵСʱһɹǿʱͬһֻݷõһ㱬
һҶеĳ鵤۷еײһֱӽҶ׵ҶԼ϶ܹס
һҶҲǽ֮ڵһѪɫ·Լı֮ӳȥЩѪɫ·һ鵤۷ߵͱȥһɹ΢ıըֱըǳ΢Ҳܼ١ּײ֮˫ѾﵽһıԵЩ·𵽵þͷǳˡ
һҶ˳ֱӽһ鵤۷еɳȥٴתֱۺ徹ȻֳһޱЭ״̬״̬֮£еĸֱֵĶһߴһ鵤۷ߵļͷͲ˹ȥ
ۡһҶԶȷֺպڰ֮ƽ⣬ֻһѱ㽫סȥ·鵤۷ǿߵһնɱ
ʱһʥԺͨѧԱ»ѡ̺󳷡ǶʿڵĿľҪҶնɱԾҶնɱ֮ͬûк£һƳҶ׵˹ȥ
顱һҶ׵屻鵤۷ֱУɳȥײѪصĵ֮ϡ
Сӣ㻹Ҷ׵Ѫ棬̽еĳǹ˳ȥǹתһƬǹĳǹ֮мݺݵ˦Ҷ׵塣
˵˫һǹȫΪ͵ϮҶ׶׼õģֵʱ򼸺ץҶ׷ص©ֱ
һ̣Ҷ׵ΣҲӵ˼¡
СӣҾ֪ô³ç϶Ҫģϣ´βҪٳǿʲôӢ徫ˣҶҪ˫һǹʱͻȻһѪɫϯȥֱӽ뵽˫ԺУͿ˫͵һ󣬾ȻԵ޹ʵĵȥ
Ҷ׸ϽѦ׶˻һ
໡ʱѪǲע⵽Ҷ׵ˡҪϵʱѪǾȻٳҶ׵ڵλ˹ȥ
һЦȻԼĿڴͳһɫ͵ĽѪһӡԶѪǵȥ
ءһѪǷһҽУֱӾ͵ڵϲܹˡ
ǶרЩޡ
Ѫǵò󣬿ѪǱϾǣҲģѪǱʱԽԽԸղѪʵϮǵģûв´ĻӦҪܵİɣķŸ̲ס۵
ʱ򣬶ҲѾͷϵרĶԸҶ׵ˡ
û뵽ǸôһݴܹҵõĲƸһ˵ģܶѾ˲ˣСɵʵټ˫ͽеļ¶ԸҶ׵˻ûġ
Ȼʧʵ£ǵõĲƸԶԶԼʧȥĶʮֹأ
˵ǽǰ鷳ʵһЩ
ҸһλᣬǾɱҪҰǽٻߵҶ׵˵ǰЦ˵
ȥģɱǣأ˽ܱƽʱϲЦģҲЩڵġһܹܲѶʮ˴أ
Ŷǻˣ˽Լټ˽ܵǰ˽ܸոհԼͱһȭɳȥֱײǽ֮ϣײ˸ͷۻڶȥһµĻ˽ȫĹͷᱻ򱬵ġ
ڶƺûǸȥɱһֻһֻһС
ǺǺǣղǸСӵˣѾܵͷˣǻ˭лҪ˵ģֱһȭ˽ܴɳȥٴλصԼԭλ֮ϣɫƵ˵
ʱѦ׶Ҷ׵Ҳǲ³Ϊ˶һĿꡣǲҲܰڵôǵĿȻѪǵϡ
磬аսһ𣿡ȻڵϲͣѪǣҶͻȻ뵽һŸ˵
Ÿ˿Ǹ֮ն˵ֻҪ΢һЩʱ䣬϶ûġ
磬ܲܳŵ⿪أҶ׿˿ΧЩˣп˿Ѧ׶ε˵
С֪˼ˣһлᣬ·һѦ׶˵ͷͬҶ׵
Ƕȴ֪Ҷ׵˵ʲô˽ʱҲɫһ˵⼸СӣڸǼȥĻᣬȻǲϧǾͱҲˣ
ǶȥɣٷǳϲڵޱȾʱ򣬽ɱĿСһ̶ֱӾҶ׵ĸǰֱۻӶһ޴ȭͷһͭһݺݵҶ׵塣
һȭǳĺݶ˵Ҷױһȭо㲻зҲˡ
ɢѾԤϵһҶҲǽеĳսעֱ۵УԭǺܴ׳ֱֱӱһࡣ
һ״ĵâݺݵĺٵȭͷ
顱һһȭҶеĸֵ֮ϣҶ׵ĸֵٵˣǶҲǽҶֱӸɳȥ
䡱һҶ׺ݺݵĶײʯ֮ϣһѪҲǴĿб˳


һʮ ɱѪ
ҴֵܣҸƴˣ϶СˣѦ׶һҲǰͲסеŭŲֱӳȥ
һүʲô鶼ԼΪڲͬˣһȺͬѵֵܣĵľıˡ俴ҶҲɳȥ֮Ѧ׶Եøӵŭԡ
ڻ𣡡Ѧ׶֪ʲôʱһöɫӣ徹ȻһŨŨĺɫϢֺɫϢʱʹͬʱҲľҲʱάֵ˱񾳡
ʹõַֻʱĽԼľȥ÷ǳȶҶҲ˺ǶʹõַܹġЧĳһʱȷࡣ
ҲԽԼ鵤۷ʵ񾳣ûȶٷӦѾȥ
붭ȫⱥͬǣѦ׶òûı仯ֻ֮⣬һ㰵ɫ·סһ֮ϲʱкڹԭӢʮݣԵɱ¶
ڵѦ׶·ͺ֮Ưһٶȿ쵽˼㡣
ʱ䣬Ѧ׶˶ٵǰһ֣Ȼһ˫ɫסֺɫ֮ϣһɫָذһķֱǰɱļѹߡ
ԭһȭҶ״ɳȥûʲôоѦ׶仯ʱ򣬾Ȼһ֮ǰĿ־壬һ֪ʲôˡ
ҹѦ׶ɫץݺݵĴǰصʱ򣬶ٵȭͷҲ͵ĺ˹ڶٳȭʱҲڹĺ󳷡ǼˣѦ׶צ⻹ץ˶ٵֱ֮ϡ
˺һӣѦ׶צεƣֱӾͽٲֱ˺Ѫܵ˿ڡ
˻˻ƵĻٵֱ֮ϵ˿ԽԽ
׺𣡡һٴʩչһɹǿҵĻ屬ͬʱһҲǴĺ󱳷תֱѦ׶
ɫƣһѦ׶ûк£һ˷ܵĸо
ֽȻǳײУǿƽʱûʹùľСΪֵܵʩչȻҪɱʹˡ
ԻѦ׶һƾץ˻ͷһɫĹâֱֱ֮ӲһѦ׶ҲһЩˣһȴǲͣƣһֱ쵽˶ٵǰ
顱һֱӱɳȥؿҲǱɫĹâ̳һ˿ڡΪڱ֮ķǿĻѾѦ׶ֱӴ͸ˡ
ˣһߣŸҲѾѪǸ˳˫ǾսԽԽԶǶٵĽȻҶ׺˽ɱȥ
飬飬飡ΪҶ׺˽ܶ׷ܵˣֻܹһֱӾͱ鵤۷ߴѪҪеʱ˽ڷӦڵݺݵķ鵤۷ߣǽ֮нȳ
һ˵ΪѦ׶ıսһη仯
ǶֽһɫĵҩԭٴλظͬʱҲǽѪӱ˳
Ѧ׶ٴʱ򣬶еѪҲǱ˳
˫Ⱥͺ͵ڵϷ˸ͷͬʱһ˫ѪǰֱӽѪ˳ȥһѪɫĵâҲǺݺݵѦ׶
ž
ѪĵâѦ׶˫ֲͣ趯ɫĹâ֮ϲͣĻ
ʱѪҲǴӶٵı
໡һѪȫȼվȻһɫâֱ١ٸܵǿҵļ磬͵һǱѪǴǰ
֨һѪŴ죬ĳҪڶٵǰ֮ϣȻٵǰ֮ǰѦ׶˵λֱһѪ⣬۵ĶٺݺݵһȭѪǵ壬ֱӽѪǻɳȥ
ʱѦ׶ٴܵشĶ١
׺𣡡
Ѫһڽǰص˿ҧѪģɭɭ׹Ƕ¶ӶѦ׶ɱٵĻᡣ
һ̶ҲǸоΣ֮㽫ԼȫעеѪ֮ϣһŶѪѪѪ˳ֱѦ׶
䡱һѦ׶ȫֿǱһѪɳȥֱײǽ֮ϣȥ
ʱѪٴδӵ֮Ŷٵ͵˹ȥ
Ⱥһͳͳȥɣٱˣʧȥǣȴǳǰƣѽڴеĺɫҩ
ԭͷǳǿ׳ļٴ˺üȦҲǲϵ׶ĸ߶ȣԭ֮ϵ˿Ҳǳ׻ֱָʵͣڱ񾳴ɵΪ֮ϡ
ʱѪٴ٣ֻһֱֻ㽫ѪǵſĴץСһֱֻ͵ĴӺչһ˶ȭͷݺݵĺȥ
顱һѪǵͺһɳһٸɳȥ
ˣѪǵ岢ûбٵȭͷУֻ΢յһЩ˶ѡ
໡һѪҲŭˣԭȼյĺɫâԽԽʢһѪɫ硣ЩѪɫԽԽʢѩٴ˶١
ȭ
Ѫٴο˫Ŀ֮бѪɫĹâҲ¶һ˿аЦݡһֱ۾Ȼʼǵ֮ǰ˫ͣѪ˵ǰʱһ׳ֱۺݺݵ˦˳ȥһޱȾ޴ȭͷֱӴѪǵͷ
顱һһȭޱȣֱӾͽѪǵͷ򱬣Ѫǳ׻ɱ
ٵֱٴλظԭ֮ڵƺҲ𽥿ʼ˥ˡ˿̵ʵȻǱСɡǶٺѪǵһֱҲѪϵѪɫ˺Ѫģʧ˴ս
ڶٺѪǻƴʱ䣬Ҷ׵˫֮սҲǵݱĽ׶ΡҶ׺˽ܶ˲˺ֻŸ΢һЩ֮սһֱǽƽֵĽ׶Ρ
սĽУѾеĶȫϣʼҶڵķ˹ȥ
ʲôѪǱɱˣٵʵûмǿˣûͷ­ڵϲͣѪѪǣҶҲһ䣬֪ǵĴԽΣˡ
ڶٲͣĳۿǵҪʱͻȻһȵĽŲһ¥ݴ˹
ǿޣһ֣ҶҲǶһ˿ϣ
ϣһһ״ֵľٵʱﾹȻһĪıо
ܹоںͶٽĻļʱѪǻҪǵӦʱҪֹѾˡ
Ϊʱš顱һо޴Ѿݺݵڶٵˣ


һʮ ԡѪ
顱һٵ屻ײˣǾûе¡øղŻ²Ҳǳ˲Ŀ⡣
ַܿӦ޵ƴǰ壬ֱϵļٴ͡͵ľ˫ۣ޿ٵıܺתеľҲٴ˦ٵ塣
һܹжٶΪĳ䲻⣬ζͲͬˡ
߲ף׶ߵޣн׸ߡ׵Ķǰǲġ
нյľްݺݵٵʱ򣬻ǱٽĿ˫֮䡣
⡭
ܶٵ屻ϳȥԶǻǱӲĸקסˡҲҲǴӿеľ˹ȥ
Щ־ı飬ٶʱһЦ˵޴ľˣʵôСܻ޴ҡҾȥɣ
˵ţٴŲ˫ţ첽ǰһֱҲǴſͷ­
ҸƴˣΪŹȣ˿ҲǱüȵ˷ڶٳʱҲǴ޵֮Ŷٱȥ
޴ľˣŶٵĸ͵ľһȭͬʱҲһץסͬһȭֻǽüͷһ壬΢һЩʹĸоǶһȭˣ
ڿΪ޴ĴˣڶٽʱֱҲ˫ŵŤһ޴ޱȵȭͷôһߺͷ­
ܴ˿̵Ķ֮ǰһȭܹͷֱӴġۿͷ­ҪƬˣʱ˹
֨һӾ˶ٴͷһֱۡ
һزݺݵĴһȭٻɳȥٵҲǱ˵һ
û뵽ԼȻᱻһֻ˵ƻԼĺ£һתͽ޵屧סڵϹ
ŶԽԽĹ޵ҲеԽѡٸоʱѾˣ͵ͣһȭʹ޵ͷ
šءһ޵ͷֱӴơһͷ­ٺëƤڶǿĹ֮£Ҳ˰衣
顱һȭٴΡءһĲҽСһ޵ĲҽѾԽԽСˡ
ҴޣҸƴˣȻʱ֮ʵսḻ˲٣ԴСͽѵĶٻǲ˺ܶ࣬Ҫ٣ͱ͵˦һֱֱۣײɳȥ
顱һһȭ޵ͷһ̣޼ѾǱȥˡҲǻ˺ۣҪվѾû
˵ҪôȥĻ޺ᱻٸɱġ
ؼʱ̣ոջڻеѦ׶ȻѹҶޱȽӣϽҶ׵˵С֪޶ֵܣλãܾȾȥȾǰɣ
Ѧ׶˵Щʱ򣬲ҶױԶģҶȥȵĻһ޺Ҷ׾һشĴѦ׶ܹᵽʧȥ׵ʹ࣬ϣҶײҪʲôź
ܵѦ׶Ĺ֮ҶҲûԥֱӳ˶١
٣ĵùɣҶ׵Ѿ˺ۣ˿̵ȴη塣
ֻڶٵǰһֱޱȵĸֵҲԵޱȵĴ
ҶȴȻûη壬һնٵĺ󱳡
ն
Ҷ׿첽ɣ˫ͬһУŷƴӰзʱԭҪһȭ޵Ķ΢΢һŤͷͿ˴ӱնɱҶס
ò˵Ҷ׵ĳȷʵȶҪĶࡣʧô࣬ܵô˺ǰɵġζҪɱ
Ҷ׳ֵʱ򣬶ҲǴ޵վҶеѪɫֵնɱʱҲԼ˫Ⱥݺݵڵ棬Ӵӿ棬ҲǿٵԼԼŤ͵ľǺһȭ
ȭ
һ̶ٵֱٴֵһ룬һȭҲǺݺݵҶеĸֵײһ
䡱һҶ׵ĸֱֵնɱڶٵȭͷ֮ϣźɫĵâ䣬ٴγȭ
顱һҶֱӱɳȥѪʬԱߡ
һѪͷʬ壬ԭͲ̵Цݱøӵı̬ˡ
¸¸£СӣӦýҶײŶԡ
鶼Ѷֻ꼰ѣֻҪ΢ǸҵҵɱҾͿԭΪڶһҶ׵ʱҲЦ˵
Ȼ㲻ԸĻһԵ棬һֶϽţĥǸʱ㿴һǰҰǵĳĸηΣһȥһô˷ܵ鰡ڼѾʧȥǣڷ״̬£伫
һ˵ȥֱӰҶҲǶϲ顣İþǽԼһ߽⣬ֱɱ
û뵽ǣҶ׵־ĻҪǿࡣڶٻڵʱҶ͵ĳŶһڿˮЦ˵٣Ϊֻܺһ֫ĴѣҪɱһԶأ
ʲôСǻòͷˣȻҾȰ⼸Ѷɱɣ˵ŶתҪڵķȥٳ֣ˡ
ٵľٶҶҲ̴Ѫ淭Ҫ١
ܹ뵽˵Щ޷ǾҪʹ࣬Ƚϼѡ
Ҷתٵʱ򣬶Ҳ͵תٴγҶס
һζٵٶȾȻٴһ̨ס
ʲôȻһЩʵҶû뵽һδα֮ôǿսʱҲһıоȻĿٴοԴѪ«ޣٴοѾ˺ۣһϢڸоһҪˡ
ֻôˣʵ̫ˣܹȥ
һ̣Ҷ׽ԼĿͻȻߵѪǵͷʬ֮ϡ
˵һôѾˡǴ˿ѪǵʬȴµģڹɹǿѪɫ洫˳Ҷûв´ĻʬһֱѪǻ
ֻҶףôѪǵͻ᳹ױˡ
ѪǣɱôˣѪҲӦãҽɱ˶ҲǸˡ


һʮ ֵ
˵һôѾˡǴ˿ѪǵʬȴµģһɹǿѪɫ洫˳Ҷûв´ĻѪǵʬһֱò˶ġ
ֻҶףôĻͻ᳹ױϡ
Ѫǣɱô˲ѪأҲӦãҽɱ˶ҲǸˡҶ׿վԼǰѾĲܹѪĬĬ

뷨ԺҲһţһ͵һ潥ת˼¡
һѪҲȫת͵ŵ֮ǰࡣ
Ѫܵţһǿ֮תһѪǵʬ塣֮ѪǵͿʼ߽⣬顣
Ѫɫʼ˳Ҷ׵ƵѪܽ뵽棬ЩѪɫתԽԽ죬ͬһѪɫĺһʼ뵽档
գ֮䣬Ҷ׵徹ȻһࡣѪҲǱԽʺ졣
ʲôôҶ׵ԽԽʺ죬ԭЩиıҲǱԽԽءͬʱѪ˫ҲǱøӵĳˡ
ѪͻȻоҶ׵սѾԶԶѪǣһˡһҲǽ漸еȫѹեҪһҶ׻С
ˡһȫԭ͵ļʱήһ࣬Ψ˫۲ûиı̬ͬʱҲǽҲǹעѪС
𡱵һŴĹעѪһҲǱøӵķޱȣһѪѪĸصζƺʱܹѪֱնɱҶ׵ϡ
Ҷ״˿̣Ҳ˶ѪǵɣԼǰδеĳ̶ȡ
ն
ڶٽеѪնɱʱҶҲǽԼнյĸֵȥһŨŨѪɫâ˳Ÿֵ͵ı붭еѪݺݵײһ
䡱һҶеĸֱֵӱƬҶ׵屻ɳȥ
ͬʱֵ֮ϵѪɫâҲ͸Ѫֱ˶ٵ塣˾Ϳһ޴ѪɫֱŴ죬һڱ㽫ٵİݺݵȥһӦûӦֱӾˣ
ˣڶһ·ɱʼ˫һֱעŶߵĶڶپȻˣ˫һγǹֱӾͳķ˳ȥ
ΪһʼսʱͱʵܵʱٶҲġټ϶»ƴս˫ྐྵȻϰľ˵ңСĳڴȥ
ۣ
˫ߵʱѦ׶ҲǽٵȫնɱҶڣеȫѪصУĴŴ
ûܰɡ˿Ҳǻ˵ѪصСǰǱĹʮֹĽ񱣬ƽʱκζһ㶼Ҫڱ֮ѾԽԽ䣬׸ıԼȥϰߡ
㻹һѪˣһӣ˵˽ܾȻҲûгԷ̣ĺ΢ο˵
ʱѦ׶ԽԽͲ㳹׻ԹȥˣλֵܣҵԴԽԽۣ֪ôˣ
֮¾ֻŸ״ˡ޷Ų޵壬ֻܹҶ׵ĸ˹˵һսֱԪˡ
λҪţǾȥɣиʥҩ϶ܹģϢһ֮󣬺һվ˵
һҶ׵˵ʱѾȫû˽ģһͬѵˡ
һǰ棬ŸҶף˽ǷѦ׶ں档
ûǾ˱Ĵ֮ǰ˿ԭڱѪɫ֩붼ΪѪǵǷ׷׻ŨŨѪˮ
Լ·˲ǽŨŨѪܿһԲεͼξ¶˵ǰź罫Լƽǽ֮а棬ĴҲǻı򿪣
űĴű򿪣һ޴ıҲǳ˵ߵС
ۣһ뵽ͿƬĳһһѣСɽһѻԼǰ
ЩʮˣѦ׶ǰΪԼһڿԼ̫ˡ
ҵ찡ϲżǧĳ𣬺ĳС˽ˣҶҲԼﲻͣ
ʱţҲԽԽή
Ͻ򱦿棬ܿǾͿһС͵ĵҩֿ⡣һ֮󣬽ССʮƿʥҩ˳
굤ֹѪʥҩȵ൤ҩһԵĹҶ׺Ѧ׶
Ҷ׵һЩѦ׶ôĵҩѾʼֲӦķӳˡ
ˡŴҩҶ׵֮ڲͣıҲ𽥿ʼ⣬Ѿ˺תļ
Ѧ׶෴ŵҩ̷ȥ֮ľԽԽήң뵽һֻ˯״̬
ϴϴ󡭡Ѧ׶ַӦ˽ƴĻζѦ׶塣
Ÿ˽ܵӣʱֱӽֹ磬ϴ̫أڳô൤ҩ˯ǻָأûµģ
ŸĻ˽㶣ͣ
ʱҶҲ𽥻ָܡȴûŸĵҩһȳһյĳűȥ
ܿ޵ĸǰ
ѾһϢӣϽֹѪҩĭ޵ϡֿʼ޵ĵҩȴȻûзӦ
Ҷûзٴܵߣ˿顣ƺû̫صƣҶߵʱܹſ۾Ҷס
зӦˣҶҲǿЦЦֹѪҩʼĭϣͬʱҲǽһЩڷĵҩŵ档ʱѾһЩˡҶܹоҪ޵
ͬݸ飬Ҷֻܹο˵ģ޵һκõģ
˵ţҶױתͷȥԼ̫ġ
ҶΪ޻ôʱڲԶȻһʹ֮
ֻһء㽫Ҷϣȫȼˡ
̫ˣ˶û飡Ҷ֪޻ţ˷ܵܵ޵ߣһѽͷסǺǵЦ
ʱ򣬺ҲԶҶ׺ܵӣţƺ뵽Լļ˺ѡ
û°ɣں紥ʱŸ˽Ҳߡ
㲻ĻԺǾǺֵˣ
ԺǺֵˣ
ָоǲ˽ֵܷ§ס̵


һʮһ ָ
һ˵ƻ϶תˣǿʼĲƸתơôණڶʱתǾԲܵģΨһһ취Ұ֡Ǿ˭أ
뵽Ѧ׶ļ塣һ϶̫ףڿôƸʱҲȾָҶ׵˷һЩҲֻһСֶѡ飬Ѧ׶ǾԲġ
ܿǱ㽫еĿܸųˡֻʣԼ֣ʳһˡ
ҵʱǴһֱڷǳȫĵطûһͷЩЩƸȻһЩûġ
Ҷ׵˱㿪ʼȫһ֮޴ССֹһϣĶȫתƳȥ
ڱ⵱УԼоʮڳ𣬵ҩļֵҲʮڳˡ֮⣬д觴󿧼һϰڳЩƸѦ׶ļǰҲһʲСĲƸ
źĴ·޴˴̵꣬һЩȫ˽ƱһǶʮڡԼʮڣҶ׵ÿǷʮڡ
֮⣬ҶҲΪնɱ˶ΪĵˣҲõ˶ٵѪȻһпܱ׾ҶȴܹоԼܹѱסĻԼʻںܳһʱ֮ڱøӵǿȱ֮Ķ١
Ҷףѵȥ𣿡Ҷ׵ĻѦ׶Щ˵
ȥˣҪһһ£ͬʱҲһЩܣ
Ƿĺ̫ΣյǲȥġѦ׶˹ĵĿ⣬ҶҲʮֿ϶ı֤
Ѧ׶룬ͬҶ׵󡣱Ͼ˸־Ҷܹڼ屻֮ɳ϶֮Ѧ׶ҲͲǿ˽ܺŸԼԵĹǣڽֵ֮Ҳڴ̵ֵ֮ˡ
ܿ죬ֻʣҶ״޺ɭֵߡ
һˣҶһĵطϢʼڱеһЩջ
һɱ˶ٺ鵤۷ĸ֣õĵľ顣նɱٵľһǧࡣټ֮ǰʮǧ㾭Ļڵľִֵﵽ˿Ҫĳ̶ȡҲ˵ܿҪ鵤۷ˡ
ʵٶȣеŶҪҲҪ֪̫ܵԵʡ
ǺǺǣСһȻʵĺܿ죬ȻûԱı¡Ҷ׶ٱǰĳɼЩմմϲԴ̾˵
οĳҿң²֪һ˶Ǳ񾳰ɣ
Ļɫȥˣֻѣô֪Щ㻹Ϣʱ𣿡ҶѾӣȻЦ˵
Щ˵֮Ҷ׵ıҲǽȻ˵ЩǳǶҶ˵ǵͷȡ
ãǰĻȻ򰡣ҶΪԼʵѾĺܿˣû뵽ԼﻹһǮֵ
˵Ҷױ㽫Ѧ׶һЩƷóʼ
ЩƷ棬һ񲾣¼йڶ˵һ׷ѪħԴ
û̫ΣգһҲܹ˳ɣҪҶ˵ʣһԶķӦ
ͬʱִʱлỹ˳һִУͱȽڵˡ
ȻҪǣϤԼԱδսиļԼʧҲҶһս֮Ϊ̵ᡣ
Сһ뷨һǿӦߵĵ·ܵҶ룬ҲĴп˵
Ϊ˽ҶףҲԴָ˵ҿԶռġʱӴҷܹһ·ȥ㽫ĳɾ;ҪҸߺܶ࣬Ϊ½֮İ
˼ȫɾͰĻ㣬ҲҪ̫ˣıֲܹĻǻֽɱģ˵⻰ʱ򼸺顣ҶȴܹоԼĹġ
һ׻׻̻壬Ҷ׸Ͻͷ˵ǰܹ˿ңⱲӵĸ֣ԺһǰĽ̵Ϊ½ľǿߣ
ǺǺǣСһҶֿܱŪҲεҡҡͷȴʮֵĸˣѾҶ׵ԼĹŵˡ
ǺǣҲʮѣֲЩɾͷЦҶҲǷ߷߲ƽ˵
ʱע⵽Ҷ׵䡣
뵽ԼҶôʱ򣬻ڸĸˣһʮܵĸоҪ֪Ҷ׵ļ˶Ǳ׷ɱģļ˿һġֱĥĴˣ¹̫ãһҲǻʹġ
ʦ㲻Ҫģǲ𣿡ܵĵĹ¼ź֮ҶҲԴֺõ˵
Ǻǣãû뵽һǧϼһȻҪ㰲οǰ׻ˣҶ׵ĻɸһЦ֮Ҳ±Į
ˣǿȥĵطתתˣ΢һ״̬㶽ٵ˵
Ҷ׼̵ʱͻȻ뵽ʲôҶ˵ˣ˸㡣һƬ½֮ϵΪͽסнס߽סס챦ססν׼Ρ
е׵ֻͨб۷ǿ߲ӵУһ˿ܻܿɱ֮еѪǵ׵ıҶ׾ôĽѪڱʮε˵
ô죿Ҷû뵽һôིʱҲЩ
㿴ʲôҶʱһöָҶ׵Ŀڴ˳Ҷ˵
öָҶ˰ͻȻгǰĪǴ˵еĴָɣ
ǺǣСһ㻹ǴҶһӾͲУҲʮָ˵Ц˵
ȷʵǴӶٵϸ㵽ģڱѾܹʹˣԿ˵ţ㽫ָݸҶס
Ҷ׽ָϣʱоԼԺ滹һռ䣬ԼеĶƺֻҪһͷܹŵռһռܴһӵĴСˡվҲԵӵ޽ȥĻҲܹǿװ¡
ȻҪ޸һЩ޺̫һٿԶˡ
ˡҶ׽ѪָУָ˳һ˺üΣĶˣҶײͣ


һʮ ɱ֮
ϴǷˣҶֿʼĶŽų˷ҶҲĿġһ򲻶ŵĿ˳ҶײֹͣԼĳԡ
ȻҶ׸ղһһЩˣ̬ôҲΪ˶ԼķӦٶȡΪܹо֮ǰܹԼĶȡ˿ҲȡƷʱʮԵʡĻһĶ˴ָþʧһˡ
ҲΪʲôôԸⷴϰԼȡƷԵʡ
ҶܹôͣȥԲȡ˲ĳɹҲĵ˵ͷ
ڿ·ˣС͵Ĵ֮Ҷ׵ҲǱüãټָѪһЩ֮ҲѪû֮ǰôԼҶԺᾭѪҲ˵ļˡ
ڶ˸УѪħϮĹҵУǼõĹҡھѪħٷĽҲûг׽ݡ˵˻Ƿǳӱġ
ΪˣѪħݱ˼ҲԽļС֪սǰߵսжôˡҶȻɵһȥս׷ɵĵطѡȥЩѪħѪϴĵطѰ
ȻЩطһʬҰҶ׿֮ҲЩëЩСͨҲ࣬ҲȫĵطܹץһЩ䵥ѪħͷĿնɱǻһЩأ
ֻҪҶ׻㹻ľ飬ͿȥѶȸӼ޵񣬻Ϊ
Ҫ֪Ȼ׻ã½֮ΪͨõĻһֶϲԸ߼ӿٶȣͬʱҲǿȥеֶڷ糾۹ͶСط˵ϡƷ
һ˵һڳܹһö⻹õ֮¡ҶֻڶҲ˵ֻܹɼһͨ˵ݳ޵Ըˡ
շתҶ˱һССѪϴСȣСԵøĸɾѪϴĺۼСûаӰĻҶ׿»ΪԼߵ˱ûгֹѪħĹҡ
ϴòǹǰɣҶ׵ĺ棬һһ߿ΧûаӰĽֵë˵
ӦòǹǣΪʲôûСʬҰһʣҶ׿ŸɾĽֵҲüͷ˵
ԽСȥԽǷСĹŹ֣ںܶطǻָᷢոձĺۼͺСľû뿪һ㡣
СתһȦ֮Ҷһ׼Сҹ
Ⲣͻľһڤڤ֮еԤС
ڿط϶ʲôΣԽֵĵطԽΣգͬҲǴ档ķգܹġ
֮ҶױҵһطϢܿС뵽ҹ
Ȼҹոս٣Сͱòһˡ
ءһŹֵ𣬺ʲôϾҪһ
Ҷû˵ǾĵȴЩŹֵĶ֡ûãͿڵ澹ȻһҲһĶʼڷ߶ƺڽÿճһ
ֻЩСֺ꣬һڻ壬Ҷ޷ϸֱġ
СһЩǱģһֻǶûǽǵʲôطŻ
ûв´ĻӦý룡Ҷ׻ϰֱЩĸ̬ʱǵ˵
ŶǰѪħôʲô;أڰҶ׿Щ̲סʵ
ʵǸɺͷĿ´
룬һͻЩСÿûججʱ䳤ǵ˼άͻľʱٽǵǾӦû˼ˡ
һû˼һ˸Ȼͱޱа񣬾ҪҲѾǷǳˣ뵽ʲô̲ס̾˿˵
ԭİҶ׸̾˵Ӧôأ
Ҷ׵Ļ̲ס˵ҲµûдӦþѪħڱһݵˣֻΪѾ˿ɱѾֻҪڵµһ߾ܹƳ󷨡
ֻҲѪħһʥأһôΣҲǺܴŪûѪħķ񱨸һˣҶ׺˷ܵӣǾ˵
ȻһѪɫļֵʮڳʮڳһӦòɣҶ׿˿ߵЩ˵
Ϊǳ׾ʱҶ׷Ѫħʱ⻹ѵ޺ܼܡԼҲǳҶ˵ЩʱҲǱܵĽʮڳЩܹʳϵһ
ܹԵ޾ʳõѡ񣬡ϴȥɣ
Ҷ׵ЩҲһޱҶԭЩҡ˼üᶨ
ɱΣն£ôܳΪǿߡ
鵱дģɱ񣬵ɱһпնɱĴڣ
ãɱɱһпնɱĴڣôˣһ뵽鵱еݣҶеһɱļҲȼˡ
ϲѾɱ֮һɱ֮𱻼սɣ䣡ʱ򣬴ɱ¼дһ󵭵ĻʱҶ΢΢Ϊ֮һ㶣˲֮޾ľϲ
ɱ¼ɱ֮
ֵ0ֻҪɱ񼤷ĵĶ־ӱܡ
սֵսֵ
עһɱ֮𣬾;ԲܹܣӶӰս飬Ѫ
ʲôҶԭΪԼһǿĸֵʱҲһĸо
Լͱһɱֻܹ֮սˡȻһǿġ
ðɣ˭ɱ¼ôţأȻżƣһǿᣬɱ֮𼤻ԵĽ¾һеĳ棬һ뵽ΪɱɨһУҶԭЩɥҲʧ
Ǹʱ¾½˵İ˰ɣ
ӻԼʵ̫ɱҲ㲻ϣҶ׿Լɱ¼ֻ֮ǰ׵Ĳٰܹ׵֣Ҳʮָ̾˵
ΪЩɱ֮ͨϵɫĸɫ֣


һʮ Ѫɫ
ÿһǳֶͨҪñȽŵɫעġ
ĻǻɫġֻЩҪðɫд˿ŶѾҪǷ񿴴ǵͼı
ͻȻ֮Ҷ뵽ԼʵǿɱԼǲҲⱾɱ¼ϱɫأ
Ǹʱǲǻܹɱеأ
һ뵽ЩҶ׶ɱ¼ڴ͸һЩ
ء
ܴӱϿЩСľûʲô̫ı仯ҶȴܹЩСľʵʹģһ޾ʹоǵı˰ɢһޱȾ
ǵϸǹˮ֮ȫǾ޾ʹ֪࣬ǵĳ˶ѹأֲڱѪħ֮󣬶Ǽ˾ɱȫʧȥԣӸЩĥҲżϵġ
ҶѾһЩ׼ǵʱ򣬻һץӸεʹоҲԪףкôԪʬˣ
ǼˣҶȻǷŭޱȣ磬̾ҵѪɫӴЩ޾ʹࡣ
Ҫ֪ЩԭҲһҸļͥȴ·˾أֱǲҾ御
һ뵽ҶθҲǱЩ޾ʹ
ߣӽ쿪ʼҪҵɱɳ֮ˣҶ׸ܵԼĵɱ¾֮󣬱޳ЩΧƵĵشȥ
ΪָҶ׺ݾҵСˮλãˮȡߣ˳ˮ̨׻ȥ
ȿȿȡһ뵽ˮ棬Ҷ׾ŵһɴ̱ǵζζʬ巢ùζֺʲôñʵζҶüë˽ȥ
ء
Ҷ߽ˮʱͻȻԶһ̶ļԵźֺǴɭһʹ
⾿ʲôֵҶҲﰵ
֮˼˵Ѫʹ֮
ѪޣĻҶҲЩֵʵ
ѪѪħһɳʵ±һѪħҪǿһַǳѶԸĴڡ
ѪħͨʹÿʲôҪıȥ׷ɱԼޣѪ˵ѪɫҲûˣҶ׵ĻҲ΢ĵ˵ͷ˵
û뵽ôһ˵ĻҶҲǱøС
ΪˮǳʪʯӳҲҶ׵ܵһ谭޿ԼӺͶ䣬ķӦ˵ҪһЩ
ǲǰеʱͻȻһѪ޵˻֮𽥴ˮĴ˳
ʱҶŵζѾԽԽˣ
𣡡޺оʲôһ󾯸
ʱҶ׾ͿǰһһеȣȫǹһƤǵĹҲԼ˹
ֹﲻȫѪ죬ȫ֮ϳѪɫ̡ÿһ涼зݣǳķرһųĴ죬Եɭ£޾Ϣ
ء
ڽҶѪ޵һ˻ȫһܹˡȴһѪ޿ԼĻܾܿͻᱻֱͳһ޴Ѫ
ۣ
ѪʱȻһӴ̶Ҷ̲סȥס䡣һסĻ¾ͻᱻѪֱͿġΣգҶֻܹѪȥ񵲡
Ѫ޵ǺǿģܵǿҸŵҶǰϵĺˡ
Ҷ˵޵ĶΪһЩѪʱȫԵøӵܡ
Уҵ취ȻĻ޳ᱻѪ޸ģҶ׿һʹֻܹһЩЯƷ޵ס˶䣬˵ķ񾭾ԵЩٶˡ
ţߵҵĸǰԼں澯䣡Ҷƺ뵽ʲôžǰ档
ܾǳĳأǾҶʱĶ˲١οһΣգԽ뵽Ҷ׵ĴָУԼô޴ڹؼʱҲӰ쵽Ǹ·ʱٶȡ
ء
Ѫħһ޹֮󣬱Ѹٺ󳷣ܿҶ׵ĸʼѰ͵ϮĻᡣһγֵѾѪˡ
ѾԽԽӽѪ޵ĳѨˣ»ῴһӶĶҶײϵǰУҲҶ׵Ժ治ͣѵ
ȻѪٴɧ˼޹֮Ҷ׷Լǰĵ·ԽԽǻߵһ޴Բγǰ
һ߽ȥҶ׾ŵһޱȴ̱ǵĸζһǰʱоθһڡ
ԭǰȻһǧ˵ʬ壬ˢˢıˮص롣ЩʬȻûг׸ܷĺܶѪⶼѾŨŨѪˮζޱȵһЩʬֱӸãɢζζһ𣬲Ҷֱӽ⼸ԵĶȫ˳
ȻҲܹ˵Щʬ塣ΪȻЩѾãǺܶ嶼ܡһ̽ȳȥõҩҽΣǿԻָ״̬ġ
ϧҽǵĳɱߣܹǾȳȥҲܻôȥһЩͨˡһ뵽ҶҲһޱȱĸо
ǿǿ߿սȺۣ۳Ҵ½Щֻܹͨ׸Ϊ⡣ͺļһ㱻ţҲʽһǲԺ󱨳ӵġ
һҪǿȺҼ˵ҺڣҶ뵽ԭޱȼᶨģøӵļ
ҶײϴЩʱͻȻֿЩ뾹ȻһɫĹ㡣ɫĸȻһ޴󷨵ĳΡɫ˸Ҳɢһصⸯ֮ϸǹȥ
СһѪɫˣ
ֻһѪɫͿιôฯѪޣͿ뵽ѪɫļֵˣҶ׵ĿѪɫĶ˵
Ҷ׽뵽ѪϳʱͻȻһӴ̶ĺˮ˳ûãҶ׾ͿһֻͷѪޡ


һʮ ϵġϡ
һֻѪ鵤۷壬ӽǿߵʵ˰ɣֻѪޣҶ̲ס˿ڿˮ˵
֮ǰҶ׿ЩͨѪ޸ͷҲ൱һ׷˶ҰǣȻˣսȴǺǿ
һͷѪһͷ깫ţСȫǳ˴ľݡһԼиһ¾ܹеѪ⣬ᱻ׵ĸжϡ˵һֻѪȫĹҲΪ
һǰҵסǵķȻҾͻֽնɱ
ס޷ǳǵĽһҲҪ޵ǰѪ޵˻𣡡Ҷ׺ٴ
Ϊ޺ĻԺܵͣǿҶڴɭֵʱҲǻǧǴϺõסǴףȻƶٶûнͶ٣Ƿȴֱ
޵ͨ£ǵķǱҶ׷ӵ˼¡
׼ȥˣҶײܹЩȫȳȥȴԽȫɱԼǵʹ࣬ӶЩ˵ꡣҲǶЩ˵һָõĽɣ
أأء
Ҷ״޲ϵ߽ѪɫʱһͷͨѪͬʱҶ׵ǰͷѪ޵һͷǿĳѪޡ
СһסһֻҪѪɫȡͿЩʧȥѪɫĹԶʱֻҪרĶԸѪħͿˣҶ״˿һΪЩ忼ǣҲǾѵ
ţЩ࣬ҶȴܹоȫΪõģҲһĶڻʡ
ɱô˶ʹ൱м尾Ҷ׵ĵҲһɱĳ嶯ڻȼա
ۡһһѪħȻֱҶסܹоڵУȻҶ׵ĸͷСʵȴǿһЩѪ޶׷װĿ׼ҶҪ̵ʱ֮ڽɱ
ԭҶ׵ûʲôоǰԽĸоѪ̶ִļʹˡ
ڳʹͬʱ͵ĴһеľһֻѪޡ
顱һƺû뵽ȻĽһֻѪҲеľֱӴɳȥϵķݱ׷״۶ϣҲǱ޴ֱɷԹۣһŧѪˡ
ء
ڵһѪ޳ȥʱ򣬽Ѫʹ֮Ҷ׺׼ǻǱͻȫ顣
ۡҶ׸оȫԵʱ򣬾ȻмѪ޴Ա߳
ɢ
ЩжıȴȻѪڵѪɫĹֶΡҶ˫͵չָĺ£һɹѪɫҲǱɴ뵽棬Ѫ޵üı
ֻѪʱ޷׷׳֡
ݺݵ˦еľֱӴֻѪޣ͵ĳײȥֻѪײɳȥ
һһĬϣֱӾͽֻѪ޷׷׻ɳȥΪֻѪ֮ǰĽѵô࣬ҲֻܵһЩˣûбֱɱ
ʱѪѾͲסԼɱʼжˡ
ء
ۡ
ųѪʹ֮ѪҲ̳
ʱѾ˲ôˣеľֱķɳȥһ֮󣬾ֻܹٴζԸһҲˡʱ򣬳ѪѾҶ׵ĸǰˡ
ৡ
Ҷû뵽ǣһֻѪ޲ûпڲԶȫ͵ĹľݼҲǴϷȥ
Щľݼ̵ķ䣬ҶҲǳƿյ

ԳѪ޵ķ񹥻ҶҲȫо񣬲ͣеѪ񵲣ֹκһö˺ޡҲǺѵֻѪ޵ȫ
ʱ뵽
̼ȥײͷѪޣһͷѪѾԼߵİȫ˼ţҶ׵ԥĶ´
˳ײص̸һȻЩ׾ȴٶȼĵõͬʱķ
ֱӽʩչֱƴײѪޡ
š䡱һһֻѪıײɳȥҲǱѪϵķ̴̳˲˿ڡҵźսףЩ˿ڲǺ
֮ܵ󣬲ѪǴʳ
ۡ
һѪЩѪ޶÷һҪһڵλȥҶʶⲻܵвʱ̣ͬʱҲնɱЩѪ޵ʱ䡣
ն
һĸʩչҶȫ±㱻Ѫɫϡٶ˲˲٣һֻѪʱ˫Ҳ͵ĵŵֱԾߡֱ͵ѪҲǳһֻѪ޷նȥ
ۡһҶеѪֱӱ㽫һֻѪ޵ն롣
ţҶٴγһֻѪޱ˺롣
ʱ򣬳Ѫ޿ԼĺһҲǷܲĳ
ͨѪޣֻѪ޲ٶҪʤһڹͷҲҪͨѪǿ١
šۡһѪһҲǽĿ׼ҶסǲóѪ޵óѵġ
ԳѪŭһǰ棬޽̶
Ҳǳȥֱ彫ѪײΡ߾еľݺݵѪ޵Ķͷ
顱һѪ޵Ķͷ͵ıУҲǺݺݵ˵֮ϡ
šۡһѪ֮ܵҲ͵һȫ·ľҲӦ
ãһеľҲԼ޵ǰǼˣвٵľ䵽޵ϡ
ʱֻѪ޴Ա߳Ҷ
ն޶׷ˣҶٴӭֻѪ޵ʱѾûκιǣ෴еѪ񵶴˿̱øӵķע룬ֱϵѪܾȻ΢΢


һʮ 
ৡһӣҶҲǽеѪնɱȥ
ۣ
һֻѪͬʱгҶ͵һ죬Ȼ콫ʩչ
ȻôúܶģһΪ޺İȫҲ˲ôˡ
ɢ
ҶѪնȥһɹɵıҲ˳Ѫתȥ
ۡ
ȻҶһٶ࣬㣬ֻѪ޾ȻɢȥѪɫͬʱˡ
ʱ޵ĹҲַѪޡ
ȻѪޱѹƣǸоԼкȫ֮ͻȻޱȵĿ
ۣۣۡ
еķŭ޷йȻʼ˺ҧ󷨵еĸʬ塣


ųѪ޵˺ҧЩ徹Ȼڱɱʱ򷢳һ˺ѷεĺ֮صˮУҶ׸оһ޾ı˺ͷʹĸоһľڸ֮ܵҲͷһƣЩЩͻѪ
ǸϽסͷѪޣȥѪɫȡҶ֪ЩȫѪ޳ԵʧܣѪ޵ʵҲֱܹ鷢
һ뵽Щʬ嵱Уʱɵˡ
һ뵽Щ嵱еʱԭֻڵϵĸ徹ȻȫվҶڵλΧȥ
ҾȻˣЩϲջϢģΧЩм䣬ҶһʱҲû⡣һ뵽ΪԼԥԼվУ뷨Ͳʴȣظˣ
顱һҶԥʱ򣬳ʱѪ޾ȻٴνײɳȥԭѾ˿ٴͬʱҲǴ̼Ҷ׵ɱ
Ȼҿɱ֮ɡ
ɱ¼Ҽɱ֮𣡡Ҷ͵ɱ¼
ɱ¼֮һѪɫĹâ뵽Ҷ׵棬ʱҶ׵ӿࡣͬʱѪҲһ̱ǿٶȺ͹ֱӶɡ
һҶ׵ٶȼֱ
ˣҶ׵ٶȼӿ죬ķӦٶҲ˲١ѡûиĵطɱһ̴ܲ
һ·ҲնɱʮѪɫԱߡ
˿ǰһԲεͼΣͼεУķĲͣתɢһǿ
ƣ
Ҷܹо󷨿϶зֵģ͵ĳһѧɫâеѪնɱȥ
š䡱һһâݺݵĿ󷨵ķϣֳֻһƬ״ĲơҶײҪƾһƷֻ֣ҪһնֵһЩ©
Ȼһ͵ĳ嵽֮ǰһƾǸ֮ϡ
ɻʩչһǿѪɫг֮ϣŷֱԽԽҶ󷨵С
˿̵ʱѾԽԽȣҶ׼ٶȼѪɫĸǰ
Ҷ׵׼һѪɫʱ򣬻Ǳǿˡ
Բͨıһ˵
һѪɫ֮ϲⲼ˺ӤһϸСѪܣһһĶѪɫһС࣬ͺ񿴵һʻһ
УҲܹðաҶһ뵽Σ֮УҶױԥĽóţһ죬ץסѪɫֱӽѪɫݺݵĸץ˳
ۡ
Ҷ׽Ѫɫץ󷨵ʱԭѾΧܲĸȫ飬һˬʵЦ

лˡ
лǵȫҡ
һõѽ뵽һ硣
ڽˣҶ׿ЩȫԵõѣҲѸ뿪󷨺ĳ޺ڵĵطȥ
˳ײʱѾȫѪƴսšһеľݺݵڳѪ޵֮ϣѪ޸ɳȥ
ͬʱҲǴԱֱӽɳȥĳָ꣬˻
ȥɣڳ˾˵ĿѪҲ˲١ͬʱеľҲǱøӵˡ
һٴλӶٴνѪ޸ɳȥ
޻ϣȻڳѪ޿ʼռݾƵʱ򣬽ѪҲǴͷת
ҶܹоڵѾǿ֮ĩٲĻǿ²̫ʱġ
ն
Ҷ׵ٶٴһ˱ɳȥĳѪ޵ߡеѪҲǺݺݵնɱȥ
顱һһֻѪ޾ȻҶеѪ˺һȱڡ
Ѫ޸뷴Ӧʱ򣬿Ҳﵽ޵ϳ߳˹޸ոճ嵽Ѫ޵ǰһ˦˦˰յС˿Ҳ˫Ծ˰յС
䣬ҲǴӰ֮£֮ݺݵ޵Ķͷ顱һѪ޶ͷӲĹͷȻ˺¶ϸ⣡

ʱҶ͵ǰһһƾĵֻѪͷ˵Ĳλƾ޴һֻѪ޼Ӳͷ­ڲԭͷǳϢ⾹Ȼ˲ͻҽɴ뵽Ҷ׵֮ڡ
ء
һֻѪıɱˣ
Ǻ۰ɱѪ֮󣬾͵ڵվˡ
˵ҩǸԼ˿ںúͿĨһ£ٳһЩҽ濴ҶܹоЩѪ޵ĳѨԲֻЩҲǱź̬Ѫ޵ĳѨȥ
һ·ȥصѪѪ⡣֮⣬дƬŸʬĻˮһֶ֮ζɢ
Խ߾ԽһҪŻµĳ嶯ҶȴûֹǼųѨȥ
ûãȻһʮּϵˡȫǱѪ˺ҧĺۼѾ˺ܳʱ䡣ˣҶ׻ܹϿһ˿˿ǿߵϢ
ǻʾǿߣϸϸǻʾǿϵϢҲ̲ס̾
ϧ尡Ҫܹҳ˸öã̲סһпֻһпϾΪ𣬻ǲмڳһǻʾǿߵġ
Ҷ׿ʼϸʬʱʲô͵ĽкһҶŸ
ʲôأ


һʮ ʦ
ʲôȻģǻʾǿϹŵһƲ۵Ķ𵱼ĺ
˳ָķȥҶ׾Ȼһʮֲ۵ķģĿ֮ԸͨĹΡȴдһǳֵ֣һʱΪ޷ϳ־Ϊϵ֡𡱣
ʦĴʲô˼ֵ֣ҶҲ̲סʵ
˵ֵȻȻ࣬ǳļ࣬ϸȥȴָһצƣƺֵǰһеһжֻǲֵһǮĶѡ
СһԶʱģ˵һľͻܵ䡣ȻӵַĵˣҲΪĵԭʵǿޱߡ
ֻȥ̫ǿ߶Ҫӵˣֻϧȴûһ˻ţӲĸˣôȥ˾֪ĵҲˣûѾû֪ĵˣģְֺ޵˵
ʲôôĻҶҲզ˵
Ȼˣʵ˵ЩҲ֪һЩţⱲӶûмģû뵽ôãȻֵطҵһöģҲ֪Ӧô˵ˣϸĿ˿Ĳĸ̾ġ
ҶЩ˷ܵıʱ̲ס˵Сһ֪ķǳȤҸĿ˵֮ȻҲӵһʵ޷ƥĻֱɱ㣬Ѱµˣ㻹Ǻúˣ
֪ǰҶʮĵ˵ͷ˵
ȻҶ׶ĵĴ˵ǳ£ôһʵĶԼٶҲӶ࣬ԼʵЩ̫ˡ
ȥҶ׻ֱǰһöĴ˵ֱקҶ׽һöĴԼϵʱȻһǰδе泩о
ˡһľȻֱǶҶ׵֮ϣƺҶʮֵ⡣
ӦûȥˣҶֿ˿ĵطûµķ֮󣬱㰴ԭ·޻ˡ
Ȼ޺ڶԸѪ޵ʱܵ˲˺ǱĻָҲǺǿġڳ㵤ҩֹѪҩİ£ֻ˲һʱʱ䣬Ѿ˿ȫסҶ׻ȥʱѾûдˡƣٹͻȬġ
ҶҵЩ֮Ϳȥ˽ˡ
ȻҲԻصʥԺڽ񡣲Ƚ϶ԣʥԺǻȡһַãΪнѵġʥԺǽѧԺԼȥ˽ԽԼ󻯡
뿪ֵСҶû;ͣܿƹսΪҵһ߳߳˱뵽˶˵ҪҿǶ֮п糾۹һȽϴĵ۹ˡ
ڱܹһֱڣǿ֧ԮԵʡܹ𵽵ʮ֮һ
Ҷ׵ĿĵؾǿĹ
˵ĵشڵػһֿߵǿְҵսʿ
˵ÿһսӵǿսսӵһĿһսǶܹȴңȫͶ뵽ɱУԿҲΪǿսʿΪʵͳߡҲΪ˵вûѪħһ·򶫹ݣ׽˻һƬ档
֮ҶҲ˳ﵽ
䡭
ָ£ҶҲ֪һЩϰߡ
ԭ˺ܳЩܹϴװ׵սʿǻԴΪ١ңսʿǳ𾴣ֺôԱʾԼǿսʿ𾴡ҶҲΪѵĸԼҲŪһװף޾͸˵ˡ
ȻΪҶ׺ϵһװףһ·ܵ˲չˡǾͽ뵽˿ĹҲǱ·ϵ˱ƵƵ΢Ц
ܿ죬Ǿ˿ĵӶġ
ӭλΰսʿҶ׺ϴŵװףӶĴԵĻҲĺҶ׵˴к
ܿǾ˽Ĺ档Ӵǵһûжͷӻ׵ߡ
Ҷ׺˽ʮǫվЦǺǵ˵λǺãʦ裬ҵҪָһЩӶִġעǽɫ
ǳǫҲǷǳĺͰҶȴܹоǻʾĳǿߡʱҶҲǱֳ㹻ǫ
ǰģִеѰѪħ񡭡Ҷ׽Լ˵֮ϾȻ¶һּ𾪵ı顣
ȿȡ֪ԼЩʧ̬ˣҲǸɿ˼˵Ǻǣǲ˼ܸܲ㣬ʲô񣿡
ǰɵѰѪħ񡣡ҶΪԼ˵Ļû˵һ顣
ģúúãҵңֻҪȷҵƷʵģҾ͸㹻ı꣡Լĺ룬һնı֤
ǰ㿴˵ţҶױ㽫һѪ޵ͷ­˳
Ѫ޵ͷ­Щɻʵ⾿ʲôѵѪ޵ͷ­
ǰ˵ĺܶԣһѪ޵ͷ­ѾնɱΪһܹ֤ѪħĳԴϲı飬Ҷʮֿ϶˵
ţȻͰƲ˵˵ٽЩƷսֻҪȷ˵ûͻ㹻룬¶һЦ˵
õǰҶ״һԼ˼·ּ˵ʵִʱҲһ⣬ѪħһӦ÷Ϊ֣һͨѪħڶ־ʵǿѪħͷĿͷ졣
ͨѪħôСÿһûʶĴڣΪʲôЩѪħͷĿͷΪʲôôǿҾͿʼڱѰһЩ
ʵѪħͷĿͷ춼ѪħصĵؾֻѾɥʧҵʶΪѪħƵĶ󡭡Ҷ׸Լҵһһ㽫Լķָ߸衣
Ҷ׵ĻҲǵ˵ͷ˵û뵽ѪħȻὫͨ˵뿪ǳ޾ʹ࣬ӶĥԼʶӶĳޣΪѪħ
ò˵ƶǷǳеġ


һʮ ı
Ҷ׵˵ѪħÿҪռһҶ潨һϳӶǿѪħͷĿͷ졣ֻҪܹǰѨҳôǴģɱѪħļӦľҪߺܶˡ
ˣò˵Ʋǳ棬֤Ҳǳ֣ȷĻһΪġ¶͵ЦݣЦҲҶ׶ʱ˲ٵϣ
Ҫ˸ЭУԻҪϢˣȻеķҲǶһġٴβ
ò˵˵ЩǳҶ⣬Ҳǵ˵ͷ
Ȼ֮ĲޣҶҲǰһۣ±ơ
ҾͶлǰˣҶ׵˵ͷ㱻谲ŵ˽ȥطϢˡ
ǰҽƴϣǰĹܼңǰǱŵǰļϢڰȫ治ҪģǰҸ׼һƣǰĸۡӶ룡˵ƴϱ㽫һƵݸҶס
Ҷ׽оȻһѩĸоһǿ֮תݸҶ׵һˬᡣ
ñƵָ֮⣬֮ϻһҶûв´ĻӦǶ˵ĳһǿսʿˡ
Ҷ׾ĿƴϸϽߵҶ׵˵ǰǶ˵ǿսѦݴ˵һȭһͷǻʾľأ
ǻʾľҶСʱ˵Ĵ˵˵ÿһܹݵأǿһǻʾľԶԿʥ򾳵ĻˡɼѦʥ򾳵Ļʵ
ӶȷʵҲǳֹһЩ
һ·ƴҲǲͣĸҶ׽˲ٹڶ˵Ĵ˵ȤţҶ׸ܵط顣
ۣǰǿ֮⣬ôһͷǿޣ̫ˣ߳ӶʱƴϿٴνк
޶ƴϳ˲мƴ϶޻ô飬һͷǳǵϵװס
Ҷ׺޽ǰƴϻɣֻܹʱĸʹɫԭЩջƽϢ
ǰļҾڸǰɡƴҲһͷͷ˵
Ȼ޺ܶ࣬ǲÿ˶ܹﵽ޵ġһΪÿһͷϰĳҲΪ޶ʮֵޣ鵤ָģʹС޵÷ΧһЩͷȫûⷽơ
ҽҶףʲôǰҵ仹Сͽҵ־ͿˡҶǱƴһǰһǰ˵ķˣֻܹ΢ε˵
ð׵ܵܣƴϵҲֹۣҶôһ˵͸ĿˣŪҶҲһΡ룬ôʹǰܵܣתҲ̫˰ɡ
Ҷ׶ԳƺҲûʲô̫Ҫ󣬱ƴϺҲӦз
ûãҶױĸۡ
һۡôΰֻͨĴ˼ҵסլһҶһ뵽ȴֲôһ¡
ۡڲ滨ݣ¥СԺǳﻨķΧΧٵĳо󣬼ֱһ
֮⣬⸮ۡĻһ޴ĳɽᾡڳ滹һЩһ׶೤ڲͣԾţһŵľ󡣶ҵڣ沼ʢĺɻҶ׿˵ǽһԺ۵ס
˳ų߽һСԺƴֽһѾ߷Ҷױ뿪ˡ
Ҷм±Ѿû뵽ѾҲҶҶ»СǰһܶĹˣ
֪Լĸۡ棬⸮ۡʰôƯҶȻ뵽ôרдĵط
ǵǣһĶ˵ĺѣûв´ĻΪ˱Ű͵ģ»ʮֿ϶˵
ŶҶȥû뵽еϵʲôΣأ
УҪģҶױȻû˵ʲôȴԼۣͰҶ»ˡҶ»ߺҶױ뿪ĸۡ»صӶġǾոߵİ칫ʱͻȻ澹Ȼһ֮
Ȼܴ󣬵Ϊİ칫ҴӶĵԳ˱Ϻ˻뵽ġҶҲΪƲܹɵġ
֮Ҷ׸Ͻ칫Ҵ֮⿪ʼ͵
裬ϺͿˣһëͷСӵĻҲţѵ㲻һ𣿡ڷһͬ곤˵
壿־ϺͿˣһϰѵʲô壬ʲô嶼֪𣿡һм˵ǳҼ־Թӡ
ս˵ǲϺͿˣ鶼ܹɵĳ־裬ָıЦ˵
֪ǲΪҶʵҲǶһЩҶȻ칫ҵ棬ȴܹͨ߿
ڰ칫ҵɳ֮һʮˡһǻʾߵʵ׿֮ϣһޱȻף߻һ˽ɫǹʱСôȵɳ֮Ͽǰͷǵûаŭ⣬¶һ޺Цݡ
Ҷȴܹо֮ǿɱƺֻڳ˯еԶ֣ʱ˺Ƽ߱һ
λʦǶҵĺ֣εʵûô𣡡սһЦݵĴɳվ˵
վҶ׻ûиоʲôôһվʱǰֻͨߵͷСһ
սǿƣ߻һõӡ
־ǰǰҵȷʵмֵһǸһЩᰲȥһǸСҲһģսԼ°ֺӲĺ룬˵ͺ֮һԵСһ㡣
ãȻսô˵ˣҲˣҪǳʲôҾԲģ˵Щ־ԱߡҶȴܹоһ˿ƻ̵Ķ
ѵͷϻʲôΪ֪ܣһʱҶ뵽
ˣǾͲҪˣ۵һҪ־߰ɣ


һʮ ұĺ
սȷʵЩˣ־㲻ֱͣ߳İ칫ҡ
߳ʱ־оʲô˿ȴʲôҲûпΪԼۻּӶĵĳȥ
־뿪֮ս΢Щ̾˵ǰҲ־սָģڰңʵڼලңǾĳЩ֡
ʵûʲôǾЩ̫ѣƺʲôıĳɷ棬ͿܾѪħĳ
Ļʹˣϣܹ
ҲһЩǿ㣬ϣܹλҵһսȡսȻ־ǰսû˵ʲô־ߺսǼ裬ɼʱ־ѹѾˡ
֪ˣսսĻҲֻܹ̾˿̲ס˵
ҶױûͣǳȥûһᣬҶ׾ͿսӶ߽֮߳Լս뿪ˡ
Ҷײһİ칫ҡ
ǰôôƣѾҶȴװʲô֪ʵ
ǺǣûʲôղΪһЩһѳһܣȻһƣӣȻǿЦ˵
ˣʲô𣿡װɣ΢̾һҶЩֵʵ
ǰһҪ㣡֮ǰ龡ܻЩģҶ׻ǾԼ뷨˵˳
˵ɣֵĺƽƺѾϵһˡҶ˵ʱҲʾҶߵԲǰ
Ѿ˵ҰĸۡҪңҲΪʲôҪأҶüͷһҶ»ĻЩֵʵ
Ǻǣû뵽ôͰеʵôҲҵĿԵġ豻Ҷôһûоֻ֣ǽ˫εİ˰̾˿˵
ӱϿֻǶ˺ѪħһսʵȷʵǶڲìܵһ豻ҶʵĵĵطҲ̲סߵٴ̾˿˵
ڲìܣ˲һ޴ˣܹ֧ŵ죬϶ĵطôڲìأĻҶƺʶԼѾʵĺģҲ΢ŵŲһɳϵʵ
Ҷֵ۾ţֻܹ˵ˣڴδ֪ȨĲпᡣ
ô˵ɣǶ˵ҲкܳһʷģȨһֱǱǿգһЩҵĿӣȻҪսȴηǿǿԱôһ־硣
ֻһ־ԽԽ鷳˾ʼӹҲ޷Ƶĳ̶ˣưոݣϧѪѾռǶ֮һĹˣ˵ϵƣǸһЩ
߻ĹѾ𣬵Ķȴûֹͣǿڲսˡ
ͱ˵ӺͶ֮ս͸ˣһЩСϢŪöҲǲ뵽Ѫħ߻Ԫ֮һ
ڸոҵսΪЧҲǱָѪħЩǶڱĹ
ҲԤУʲôᷢϣϧѾˡ
ԭİҶû뵽˵ڲȻô಻Ϊ֪ìܣЩҲǸпһ˵ǰҸʲôϵأ
鱾Ѿ˵ĺˣǱҶôһʣֻܹ˵
˵ڶ˵ǿһҶ󣬶ǹǿģϻλľǴӺͶӡ
ڴӱһսˣսһ֣ܹһڣôӵͻᱻеĹؼ
˵ˣʵϵܷ񳹵ѪħǴϻλһ֤ԶӲź
ͬʱҲĺ˵ôܲΣأҶһ޹ӣҲٴμ˵ʵҶ׻Ϊ¶ܣʱǵļƻɾǰˡ
û뵽ǣҶô˵ûк£һ˷ܵĸо
ΪԼĳ˲Ƿ糾۹׻ǿ壬۹ѾԺͷ糾۹Լܹ󴬣ôָտɴ
ǰҲǷǳͬģҶֻǽҽʥԺһܹǰһЩҲҵңֻҪܹǰҵİΣʵǺҪģҶ׵һ˵Ķ飬ҵĳҲȥʱһп
̾ãϻ¶һжı顣ⲻװǶҶܹôԼԸһָж
Ҫ֪ڿһݵĶǴηսʿ飬ѳ񣬶Ҷ˵һǷ־迴Ҷ׵Ŀ⾹Ȼһ־ɫ
ãˣ˵ǷǳȻûпˣ˵Ҳĸп˼һԼļǸ˵Ǻǣղ̫ǱǸϵʱɰ
ɣҲĵϸҶұȷʵǳףҲǹ¼ҹˣӽ쿪ʼĹŵӣȻҲҪҰʦͽ֮񣡡
ҶҲֻѣǣǼһЩģ˵֣ܿͽŮһЩóԵĵĺͲˮڶ˵ǰ
ףֻˣ˵ɣ벻뱨𣿡ڼŮ߿֮ͻȻ˵˵
⡭Ҷû뵽边ȻͻȻ˵ôһʱþЩԥ˰죬źݺݵ˵Ȼˣֻǲ֪ǰΪʲôҪ⣿
ǺǣСһģ
ڰ㵱Һһǲ㲻ģô϶һЩҪģ˿Ѿָƽı飬ͺʲô鶼ûзһƷƷʮе˵
ĻҶգգ۾ҲǽŵƷ˿ڲˮ̲ס˵ǰɱҶһСܹұ˴˳ҶһӲĴµģ
Ҷôܲ뱨ֻϧڻûᡣţȵﵽʵʱ϶Ὣڰ׻Ĩģӵɱ¼ѾԶˣ


һʮ սۡ
ǺǣСһﲻ˵Ƿ糾۹ҲһЩϵڵӵʱҲ˳һңϧ϶Ը⿴ġȻʮֵĵݣıҲûʲôϵĲҶȴܹо˵ݽӰ쵽ıģӰ쵽һˡ
ȥҶ׷ɱļˣʵǰ׻ҵı⣬ǻǿָʹǣֻǵҪȥҶʲô⻹δ֪ҪĸײУ˵̾˿ƺΪұǿʮֱܻ䡣
ҸףҶû뵽边Ȼ׸һ𰸡ܹоļɻ䣬ûв´Ļұָʹҵӿ϶Ӷǲ
⾿һʲôأҶŨŨĿ־壬޾Ŀ̲ס
Ҷı飬Դº͵ЦݣͬһڽԼĺһ˵ףҲ㣬ұ̫ھ͸Ūþͻزۣ㻹̰ɣ
ңʵǻʾòҪȥ£ҵĻ͵Ϊֹˣ˵Щ֣ûüŮ˽ԵĶȫߡ
ֿ˿Ҷ˵ףղҺ˵ô࣬𣿡
ҶǺԥĵ˵ͷ
Ҷ׼ᶨı飬Ҳ̾˿¶һĵı˵лΣȴһõϢҪ㣡
õϢҶû뵽边Ȼ˵ôһ䡣
ʵҲʲôõϢֻҪ߶һˣδӶʮֵӣҴż۷Ĵȥ飬Ҫ·˵Щʱ򣬱ҲЩΣƺΪԼûܹԼĳŵе
ǰҵȻԸˣ֪ܹܲҼսΪҶ׿ܾܾҪû뵽Ҷ׾Ȼ붼ʹӦ⵹Щϡ
ս費֪Ҷ׵⣬΢ԥһ±̴Ӧ˵ãȻѾĬΪҵĹŵӣôӽԺżҵĹҶҵӣĳƺ֪ϲϲأ
ӣ˼ָûѪԴϵˣɸӹϵƺΪӣƺΪ常ڶӺ常Ҳַֿͨĸ塣
ͱ˵ʦͽϵˣʦͽҪΪʦ𣬶ͬҪ̳𣬶ûгеεҲΪҶ׿ǵĵطΪ常軹ҪҶ׵顣
лǰˡҶ֪常ֻǱϷܱ˵һ˵˶ѣȻǰƺƺҲǳҶ׵ĳƺĳЩضϣǻҪĿڵġ
ȻôͰȥսҸսֽͣżҵĵϵӣϵӣܹͣΪĸԵʡ
Ѿҵӣô͵ĸҲᾡΪṩԺٴμĻģ辭һݵ˼ѾҶ뷨ʵ뷨ܼ򵥣ҪߣΪԺ󱨳̵档ҲǼ֧Ҷ׵ġ
ҲǾҶ츳쳣˵иǰ;ܹҶ׽ʶżҲһأ
ãлǰȫҶ׵˵ͷ˵
˱˴ֺ֮һ֮Ҷױ뿪Ӷصס
ʱƴƺҲصˡһָ˵Ӯȥ꺮ů
ҶҲǱǰŪЩΡһô꣬Ҳȥǳ⡣ϾҶûб֮ǰҲа
׵ܵܣǿҪðƴЩֵʵ
֪Ҫס죬ҲߣҶ׿ƴϺʮֿͬӣҲЩε˵
׵ܵܣǲǻҪȥطִأƴ¶ʧı飬Щĵ˵
ţôǲҲҪ뿪ȥطʶҶܹᵽƴ츳ǺܺãֺҪǿ뷨ĵʵ
ǰֻǹԪɣ뿪Ҫܳһʱ䣬ʮʱлģƴϱҶôһʣʱĿ¶⣬ޱܵ˵
ƴܹôֹ۵̬ȣҶҲǸоһɣʱصĸһ
һ죬Ҷ׺ƴ˺ܶ飬Ҳ˵ԼʱһЩվȻ˵ЩԭľǾӹһЩݡ
һʱ棬ƴҲ˵ԼĺܶྭҶ׶Ŀ࿴
һʱܿ͹ȥˣڶҶױ׼õսĸۡ
ȥսһϸӣЩ˶ǳȥʱǧҪǷͻгͻҲҪӣܹõأ٣֮ϣȻҶ׽һЩμǣżҵһЩϰߡ
ûãͣһƬ޴ĸۡǰ
˵һƬ޴ĸۡռжôӴ󣬹һƬ޴֮ۡǰ׼ͣĿյؾһôҶͣһƬյϵʱѾ߰Ѿͣˡ
λսѾˣҶ׺ʱѾȴõ˽˽˸֮ۡڡ
һЩͥԺ԰ǱһʹһĹǰ棬ڹ֮һʢ硣
ʢ֮гһЩź֮⣬һԲ֮Ҳǰڷ˸ʳһЩϡŹֵҲøסԱߡ
ЩӸǰ˼ҵӵܶվﲻͣˣ棬һĲֺӡ
ԭͷ˰
ôյӣҶ׺߽֮һǿ׳ӻҶ׺裬Ϊŵ˵
ȻҶôвǺȻתͷ΢Цԡò˵ӻЩǮʮͷѾǱ񾳴ɣҲˣ
ӣû̫Ծı飬΢΢һЦ˵սôᣬʵԽԽǿˣ
ͷӣԽԽ˵ˣôҲμޱͷ𣿡ҶһӣսҲԴ̽ʵ
ǺǣʱһҪ뷨ҸյӣƢЩľګսҪְΪһ͵սĻֵǫҶ׶ֶ˼ֵ𾴡


һʮ ֵ
Ҫ֪ǻʾСɵʵս˲ֹһ˵ѵҲ˾ù֣ȴûа㲻õı飬Ҷȴٿһ·ϸкԼżҵĵλˡ
߽ûãսʹ˳ӭ裺ǰʲôʱˣλյ𣿡
Ȼ׳ǱðһҶףսЦ˵
ĻҲǽĿͶҶ׵ϲͣĴһʱ¶ټĽɫҶܹоȻ˵ֻΪȥսһȨ֮ƣʵĻʮֿĵġ
лսĿ佱սôһ˵Ҷ΢΢һһ
Ȼ㲻Ϊ׼ģȴѾԶԶﵽ͵ľˡ
ȻЩһ̵ԵʣҶ׹ݡ
ãǳãҶôǣսҲǰ԰Ҷ׸Ҷ׵ʱҲͻȻҶʩѹҶ׻أ˫ȷ飬ܹվһҶ׵沿Ҳǿʼľګ
ս̽ˣսȥҶ׵ʱԭԱһЩżҵϼһﶼĿ⿴ҶߣżҵһЩСҲǷ׷ͶĿ⡣
սһνӣֻһΪƽ顣
Сһս̽أҶ׸оЩʶģʱ΢һ£Ҷ׵ľ
ܵҶ沿ı仯սıҲ΢΢һҶ׵ı΢Щ͡
ʱһЩżҵСҲǶҶ׷׷չۣ˵趼ôˣŪһǲҪͼıżҵĲƲ
ҿΪһ͵ҪһլҲǲԵģֻסլ˵һˣҿµҪһɣ
¸¸£ô϶ֻżϵͼܹô
ҶȻ˵ʲôܹоż֮ԲӣΪֻżϵԭ
뷨Ҷ׵ԺֻһţսԽԽǿѹҲһСɽһѹϡ
֨֨ҶܹĸоԼϵĹͷҲڷ
ˣҶ׵Ȼһֻ̬ĽԼİ̬תΪվʱϵѹȫʧ
Ȼſ˰صһó͸ҶףҶվ֮ս΢˺һվ˵ǰЦ˵
׶лսǿһ׼ƷףǻʾǿߵȫһҲܹ֤㲻һʱܵĻᣡսĻϽҶ׸ս
ޱȾϲı飬սļ˵ǰôûмȢϱӣô㣬ȻҪĽˣԴתתˣ
˵սطһЩżҵĵϵ￪ʼ̸
ܿ죬˳ԵЩ΢ʱڴľȻһ޴̨
׶ʵżϵӺЩʵϵӾۻӣҿ϶μӵģǽ㣬Ҳüˣ
ĳǿµıβμҾͲǿˣܹõǰвĽġҶڴһĄָ֮̇Щп˵
Ҫ֪ǿ̨֮ϵõһ˷ǣȻĶˡ
λżÿһμһھУǿ̨ĽƷ
һһ˸߽׼Ʒǹ˳ǹǲ졭Ҷ׿˳ǹȻҲܲȴûао
ڶһףǲǧɡڶĽƷҶҲҡҡͷ
ĽƷһ˫˫˵ضĿ²㹻ķУҲһ㣬ǾǼҺǼԦ̨ϵƷʱҶ׵۾һ¡
ãǲҪˣҶײҪżҵ̫ҫĽƷʱ۾ʱˡҪ֪ѧһϿֱ޵ˣ
һҲ˲ʲôһණֱӶߵ˵常׼μǽµı֪ôܹȡõأ
Ҷ׹ۿαƷʱҶͻȻôһ˵Ҳһ𣬺ܵҶеļˡæתҶ˵׶αܼ򵥣ҪȡõģֱӵҪУ
ʵƷӵһǰսƷĺûֵģһҪĽƷҲǿԵģҲǿָҪĸõ˵һҲûȨĽƷߵġ
ˣȥˣҶǻļ飬ҲԴļͷ˵
ʲôСҲҲμӳǿ±ǲ֪ˣȻżΪ˵͵ʵȴһҲ͵Ȼֻϵӣżҵĵλȴ˶ҡ˺ܶ˵ĶʼɣҶ׼̨ʱҲúܶ˶Ҷ״⡣
ŻǼҲרŶԸҶףҾͲŲܹŪˣҪ֪ǿµĲֻڶʮ֮ǰڳĴ󲿷˶ûʸμӵģʣµľżҵһЩСˡ
˵˷ֱʤ컢ˣǶ鵤۷ʵǿʮǻʾǸҪôãҲʮܹɴﵽǶڼĵλҲΪɡֻڵʵԶҡڼĵλֻܹЩԹҶ׵ˡ
̨֮ϿʼܱʱҶҲǻߵ̨ԱߣͬʱֵҲҶ׵ߡ
СӣҶװɣʤߵҶ׵ߣһ־ӸµĿ⿴ԼӣҶūһ
ǣҶ֪ĴԭûбֵĹ֣΢ɻʵ
һᣬһᣬʤ컢ֵܣ˵˸ӣҲҪʶʶͬʱҲҪòҪżҵ⡣
μۻ֮ҲҪ㣬øԶԶʧĻ³ܻܿǳҵġ


һʮһ һ
αֵܣĻҲɲзϵģʤǸΪĶҶ˵
̡ĻҶһЦ죬Ц˵ֵǰɣǵĻˣһһǵҪ󣬲䣬ǰһɻͷ
ʲôСҰ־ȻҲ˵ĻҿǻĲͷˣֵżȻǱ弫Ϊӵ֣ҲǲˣһǶʮ꣬˵ƽʱЩϵǰĸţȺģھȻһżҵϵСӺǳ⣬һо޹⡣
СӣǴ󵨣һ̨ϱǿ㣬ĺܲҵġ
ˣûи㣬Ϊʲôǿ˰ɣҸɣǿ¾Ǹ֮ģȻֵҶ׵ǰǳţҲʲôطڶҶһв֮󣬱㿪ʼŶӱˡ
ǶҶ׵ҪҶ׾Ҫʲô
Ҫ򣡡Ҷżҵĳǰ˵
ȻıʮֵƽֵȴһŪӡ
СӾȻѡ˿ôѡ򣬾иĻˣʱ򿴵Ҷѡֵһ
Ȼֵѡʱֵ˶ѡ˿һȻͺҶ׷ֵһȥˡ
һ֮¾ȻʮżҵСˡ
Ҷ׻ʱҲǿҶ׺صЦʵôֵܸв𣿡
ȻûֵܾҶ˵ʲôȴܹоֵܿ϶ǶҶ׽һѹŪǾǳԼġ
ǰҶֻǵһЦû˵ʲô֪֮飬ûйȥʡ
ܿ㿪ʼˡ
һֱ̨̨ҪֽƷżҵӵķ顣Ҷһֻа˸ˣоͰֵܡ
ڲμĵǩɣ̨ȫ֮żҳǵ˵ܿżҵ˶̨֮Ͻгǩһ֮󣬳ϹζԾ
ҶڵһŻŻʤڵڶ컢
һԼںҶһ飬ŻʤҲǿʼԱĦȭҶײ鵤ɵʵҲֻѵ㾢ܹҶ״ɲз϶ѡڶ˵ǾϳҶ׽ˣ
һʼŹһ֮żҳҲߵ̨֮ȵ˵
һӿֵһϣǵһҶ׵Ż˷ܵĲˡ
¸¸£ֵϳˣҼŻûȳ֣㳯̨²˹ȥĩ˻Ҷ¶һ̵ı飬·Ҷһϳͻᱻɱһ
̨ĸǰҪ̨ףֱ˲׸ߵ̨٣ʱСһ󻶺Ҷȴûʤô˷ܣ෴ǱȽ侲һߵ̨֮һıӡ
СӣôѵҪĳķɳȥøʶ𣿡̨֮ϣҶߵ̨ŻҲǴӵĿǣ˷۾Ц
ߡŻԲеĻɫҶ׶Ҳֻһߣû˵ʲô
Ҷײ˵ŻԵøӵĲˡ¸¸£СǲǺˣҲģϾʵǿܶ࣬һ㲻о͹ģһܹӣ
Ż˵һЦҶȻ޶ԡ̨µ˶Ҷ׵ĮǱԳ
һֱϵսǱȽϿҶ׵ġ
սȽϿ˭أսߵǿսç
ұȽϿҶСһأսüë΢΢һ̻˵
ҵΪСӱȽһЩսΪȻ˵
ȻܹСӣҲԭģҵĿԴˣսսûһҧЩɵ˵
ʱҶ׺ŻıҲʽʼˡ
˿ŻѾ˵ĭˡ
ŻڱʼʱȻһ˷ܵӣҶһЦ˵ǲǷϻеˣղಫѾҴƨɵ״ˣ
㣡Ż˵˲༸ʮҶһ仰ҭյļ仰ǱŻӲĸȥһ
ǺãȻҾͲˡŻ͵Ĵ
Ǿѻ˵֮󣬾ͷҶ׾ȻԼǰʧˡ
ôܣҾȻˣŻһȴԼһľȻҶ׵ӰŻ͵תͿҶѾһι˹
ʹóŻҶײûʹǳֿȭĳȥҪŻⲫĺܶżСǹЦһֱҶ׵սҲ΢΢üƺҶ׵³çЩ
һһֱǺܿҶ׵ĿսҲ΢΢죬¶˵ı顣
ǽ飬ȴ˴۾
Ҷ׳߲һװˣŻһ׾żҶ˵ֹǸһͷҶԵԵʮֵСȻȫŻӲĲһءҲѹе˶ǺܿҶס
Ҷ׵ıȴϿô硣
ոսŲŲüΪķŻһ࣬ͬʱٴüٶȴӵ֮ԾһȭŻ
ŻҶ׵ʱЩˣΪصһеĳȻԽзءҶܹԼٶȶŻеı˵УҶײûжŻһ뷨ӡ͡ĳŻ淽򡰳ײȥࡣ
ҾͲˣҶ׾Ȼ㲻ܵĳԼеĳŻ˿ҲԵޱ˷ܣѾ뵽ԼҶ׵һΪĳ
ֳҲ΢΢һ㶲֪ҶҪʲô
սͻȻ뵽֮ǰҶԼǰıƺ뵽ʲôߵĿսЦЦֿʼսˡ
ܵսͻȻ任̬ȣսҲ΢ֵĿ˿սѸٽԼĿ⿴̨֮Ҷ׺Ż֮ս
ʱҶѾŻնɱΧ֮ڡ


һʮ ֱ߷
¸¸£Сӣ㳤˳ҲӲˡҶѾ뵽ԼıɱΧŻ̲סĺ
ǾĳۿҪҶϵʱҶ׵֮ϾȻһɫСкһſתˮֺһĨɫ
Ҷ׸ո£ͿֲֻŪһŻеĳ㱻ɳȥԺŻĳҲҶ׵塣
ৡһӣҶױŻĳɳȥ֮󣬾ȻʼŻתȦͺ֮зеһֻСһһӿǰŻתЩͷˡ
Ҷ״תȦ֮ŻŻı
ʯȭ
ŻŪͷתҶײûżǻߵŻĸǰŻתһҶʱҶҲ͵һֱۣһȭŻǰ֮ϡ
ʯȭ̵ܹʱߵΪơҶһȭҲǴĻ硣
顱һŻΪҶŪЩͷΣһû¾ͱҶһȭ塣
ȻʯȭֻΪͨȭǴ˿Ҷ׵ʵҲˮǴߣҶ׸ŻЩͷתʱ壬ֱŻ͵ˡŻһƨڵϣʱ˶ǺôЦ
ϡŻҲ֪ԼôЩˣⲻһƨڵϣһɱһĲҽС
ܿ͸о鲻ԣһӵ֮
ɶСӣ㾹ȻҶˣҲŪ㣡Żǰһ뵽ղҶֹٶȾͣЩȱ˵СӣҲʵ㲻ñռ˱ˣҸóıȻˣҲ˵ռˣ
Żô˵ҲģϾһųһñȷʵЩ֮ӡŻĻҶҲǽѪ˳
Ϊ˶ĿҶƽʱҲڱһ޴ĵʣñ֪ԼѪǴӵġֻԼֻ֪ǽصһѸӷѪѡ
СӣȻҾһɣŻҶڻ˳ֵҲ̤ʵˡ֪ǣҶϵĸʵ֮ǰһࡣǣҶ׵ٶ˲١
ŭ񽣣
ŻҶһƺԼгٵѪĲƽʱҲһЩ͵ĴһŲ
ȻŻЩԲУʽȴǴ󿪴ϣȻԵЩԿģսȴռƵġ
Ϊ֮ǰҶһֱڶܶ˶ҶЩˣһЩƢѾڳ⿪һʱ̨׷ףָҶסҲҶ׶ͷʱһߡ
Ҷףͷڹ꣬һӵ̫࡭
ҶףֻĶƴң̸ʲôսʿɴ൱ˡ
̨һƬʱ򣬸ոձҶ״ͷתŻ˿Ҳ¶Цݡ
ֻˡһеĳҲǿ֮±ֱ졣ǰһɫĽâҲǴ˫ֽյĳ֮˳

Żȫһն̨һƬ֮ҶʱҲЩջһ֮ǰսԱƱֱӽŻޱȻķʽɳȥͺԼ˵һ
һŻڴУеĳҶ׵Ѫݺݵײһ𡣲ԤҶѪȴûͬԤֱɳȥҶȵĽĳ
һ˿˾˵һĻ
һ׶ߵıδ󺺣ݺݵĻӶһ峤̵ĳݺݵһ߲һװˣЩеı֮ϡԭδ󺺵һ϶Ὣһϡû뵽ǣҶ׾Ȼȵ˿δδ󺺵ֱ۾Ȼʼ΢΢Ĳ
ҹŻ£ҶҲ͵ıһǾͿҶеѪȻֱӽŻ˳ȥ
⡭Ҷ׵һֱӽŻ˺üԪԼҲǲŵĿ˿Ҷ׿壬֪˵ʲôźá
ܿٴγȥһնҶ׵塣
ղֻԼһʱʧŻᱻҶ׵óѵġ
ʱ֮ϵսЩЦЦ˵Ǻǣû뵽СӾȻôһҲƭˣô㻹ʲô˵
ЩСΪŻлսʤҶ׵ĻôսǰսĻǲ᷸ôͼĴ
ΪܹĿĳҶٽѪȡ֮ٶ˼֡ɼʵġ
ò˵һֶһսˣϲˣȻսڹϲսȴǽҶ׸ˣΪص۲Ķ󡣵ȻɲǶӵ£ԾҶ׵츳ٸߣҲǲ˰ɱҶ׵ġ
ֻҶصȴǼΪȤġ
Żû뵽ԼҶױٶһֱӱҶ˦ʮǧԪٺҶױҲѷɫ٣ԭЩҲ𽥵ı߽⡣
ں滹ʤ컢ֵܣˣҲз̵ĻᣬŻһľôҶ׵ֵܹһڶ
뷨ȻǶġ
Ҷ֮ĶƴʼЩƣʱҶ׵ϾȻ¶޺Цݡ
նŻʤ֪ǣҶںƴĹУ֮ͣڵԽԽԼӱ͵Ķƴʵ϶Ҷ׵ӰҲǷǳ΢ġ
ҶץŻһֱһŻ֮ϣӲĽŻɳȥһŻʱɵˡ
ϽԼеĳ֧ŵ棬ֹԼ׷ɳ⡣ˣҶ׵ٶȾԱķӦٶҪϼֱˤڵϣҶ׿»ܹôϾҶֻǼϵӣҰô
ó֧ŵ棬͸Ҷ෢ӵĻᡣ
߰ɣŻѾԼ˳ֵ׼Ҷ׵ҲǺԥĳȥһžŻϡûŻӦͱҶֱӴ߷ɳ̨ײһװŶɵľ޴֮ϡһײ㽫Ķɸȥ
ˣŻȻҶһߵıףֱӱͷˡ
û°ɣ
ѣҶߵı׵ŻֱȥͶҶЩеŻʤ컢ʮֹĵΧŻܿ죬Ż㱻ˡ
Ҷ׺ֵܵĳˡ


һʮ 벽ǿ
ôӮˣǲСӻЩ츳Ҷ̨ϾʵıҲ¶һ˿οЦݡ
ʱţĲԤԽԽǿԼҶ׵ʱѾˡ
ǸȴȻܹ˵һѡ񲻶ԲǰҶ׶Ǻ
СӣҶ״̨֮ﻹЩġϾҶӣܹȡڵĳɼȻοֻһɼҲ⡣˿ɲôΪˡ
常ûʧɣҶ״̨֮󣬱㻺ߵʮǫ˵
迴ŻֱǱ̧˳ȥҲ¶˿ĵЦݡǸĶӦá
Żֱӱ֮ԭЩҶ׵ٿҶ׵ʱҲǶһЩصı飬ȻҶ׵õЩϿɵı֣һЩѾʽΪżϵһˡ
ȻҶ׶ںǶ˵ȷʵһֵҫ顣
ûУֵĺܺãϵûбҪֵôŰ裬Ūûϵӵĳӣ㽫ŻֱӴĶȷʵǳᣬֻȱһЩϵϣʵ΢һЩڿ佱Ҷ̲֮סѵ
Сһ˵ĲȷʵһЩҶʱҲظ˵
Ҿһ򵥵ָƺʱԼʱҲ´󷢿ʼָҶ׵ʽ
ʱ򣬵ڶҲѾˡŻʤ컢컢ȡʤΪա
鶼û̫ѡ֣Ҷ׾Ͳȥעˣ
ھͿڶֵ̭ˣ
ֵڶֱ̭ˣܹһֱѡ־лǰǿѡֵķ顣еС֮żҳٴߵ̨֮
һҶ׶컢
ã컢һԼںҶ׷ֵһʱԭŭ۾Ҳ͵һ
ֵܵСģʵȴǿġеһڻͷ󵶸ǱʹõĻ磬ÿִʱһ޵Уżж֡˵ûҶ׵Ļܹ뵽ǰס
Żʤ컢ֵܹһӡ
˿Ҷں컢ϣǳڴЩֵܳݵһЩżҵӾ͸ˡ
żҵһսͿսȴһȴڰϾ
ս㿴Ҷ׺컢˭ʤأսһƷеĲˮһµĿ̨ϵı񲻾ʵ
Ǻǣսû뵽Ҷ׻עܵսЩĿսҲ΢Щм˵
עҶÿһżҵŵӶܹעսô˵ЩˣսսЩҲǷ
ԭֵһֱǿսµĵӣڱҶ״ͷȻ޹⣬ҲҪһһЩӡ
ս⻰˵ĺãͳ仰ҵҪһ֣սսĻʱһЦ͵׳һֱӱս΢Щ˵
㲻ԵĻôעöô
ö񣿡ܿսһֱԻãǴСС֣ٻôĶע
Ҫ֪һö½ҪֵʮڳһЩطֵڿսֱöĶעʱҲս΢΢һ㶡ȥִһЩΣյõ񣬵ΪżҵĶ¶ִĻᲢࡣ
˿迴ҶǳŨŨʱ޷˵¶˾ģãöö񣬱ѹˣ
ս΢ЩʹӣսʱĵЦ
ʵҲֻһʱ⣬ʮֵĲá컢츳ʮŵģöǾаջġ
һΪսսһƣ㽫һϰڳĶע
ʱҶ׺컢֮ıҲѾĻ
֨֨һ̨컢ȫⱬһʯСһÿһ̨̨׵ʱ򶼻ԭޱȼ̵һĲ̤΢΢Ĳ̨֮ϲԭҶ׶ٻһЩڴżҵӳ׶ˡ
ȻЩͨӶų̂μӱĵȴǳЩ̨ʯȫǿĴġ̨ʯ̨Կ۷ȫһڹ컢߶̨ܹķӦ˵ʵѾ޽ӽ񾳣Ѿﵽ˰벽񾳵ĳ̶ȡ
ʵֻҪ΢һЩԵͺܿܽ񾳣˶ϣࡣ
֮£Ҷֻ龳ɵʵԵЩ΢ˡ
컢ޱص̨ʽͬһҶֱӴ̨֮һޱȻķʽԾ̨֮ϡ
Ȼ̨֮ϣŻʤֱ׾ԾʽͬǣҶ׵ƺǼԦ΢Уֺڷ裬еΪһʱҲżҵŮΪ֮Ķ
̫ƯˣһżŮ¶һΣԽҶ˧ˡ
ҶףͣһŮҲǿżЩϴ̨ʽк
ôһȴǽҶƵżԵӵĶˡ
ǺǺǣսû뵽㿴õСӻеСǱʣԸĻ׸ҵı£ΪҵŮҶ׾ȻޱѤƣڶżŮϲսҲ΢˵
ǺǣսΪڼʣǲǸӺһЩأսսôһ˵ʱҲǲΪȻ˵
սĻԽԽĬˣⲻǿЦʱ㻹ǵɣսΪԼܹսһû뵽ս鳬ãȻûбŭֻܹȴ컢öոˡ
˿ҶѾ̨֮ϣһת컢ĸǰȻ˻ûн֣ͨ컢ϵƣҶ׻ܹоֵ˲֮ͬ
Ƚ϶ԣ컢Ƹӵĳȣûа㸡ĳɷ֣ƺսϻִĥɱ
ǺǣΪҴҴ磬ڿ㲻ԩҶޱȳȵӣ컢ɵø̾


һʮ ս
ҶװɣҶȵԼǰ컢ҲǵЦЦ˵ƺҶ׽ԼĴû̫⡣
ôأ컢ôҶﲢڶǿߵأҶ׻ǰԼŭ
ǺǣӦ֪ղŴ˵˭ɣ㣬ǿĴ磬ĻԹȥ൱Ǵҵ
ҿżҵĵϵһֵ֮ҵǲùģ컢һ䣬ϵĺҲ˵
òҪ;˳ȻĻ³ҵģҲҪΪͿżΪΪĻҲشģ
ˣҸ˵Ļ͵ˣ֪Ҳ뵽ûԼ˵Ļ컢Ҳǽһ￪ʼҶס
ȻҶ׵ʵҲһŵ˽⣬ҶܹŻΪŻһʼеԵʡԼһʼҶ׵Ļ־ͻȻͬġ
Ҳ컢ΪʲôԼôˣ
ְɣ컢ֱӽԼĻͷ󵶸˳Ҷ˵
Ҷ֪˿̲ʱ򣬾컢ʱҲǽеѪҲ˳
ܹоԼ컢ٶȸռƣ֮⻹жƿأͲȡٶΪƣֱŲһ컢һ࣬Ѫ趯һѪɫĹâҲն컢ļ
ٶȣܵҶ׵ٶ֮컢Ҳ͵һתԼеĻͷҶ׵Ѫһ
šһҶ׺컢ˣá
СӣЩ컢û뵽ҶҲҲѪٴŲҶ׳˹ȥ
Ҳɵӣҵ޷μӺıǳ룡ȻҶҲ֪Լʱ컢ӲƴӦûʲô⣬ɲɵһçԾ컢ѾתʱҶҲŤת壬Ųƶһִܵ컢һࡣ
һҶ׵ƶ벻ǺԶ컢ڶûвط
ţ컢û뵽Ҷ׾Ȼô̵ʱ֮ھͶĵڶԼΪȷٶһ࣬޳Ī֮һص©Ҷ׵Ŀٴη˸Ĺۡ
˵֮ǰӮŻʤЩʵҵĻôҶ׵ĿǣҶӮŻʤѾǱȻˡ
ҶףΪ㿿Щ֪ٶȾܹ˺ң޴ˣҿҶ״һȻ֣컢Щ㲻ĸо컢ȴûаţǽݺһŤеĻͷҲ͵תȻһֵĽǶӭҶеѪ
ܵ컢ҪӲƴ뷨֮ҶҲ΢΢һЦԼѪ֮ϡ
컢ΪǾ޴ʵ޴㣬ֻҪӮһǲһЩ򣡡컢ĽҶײûһζĺϾǽеѪֱת컢ͷ󵶵һࡣ
˾ͿҶ׵ѪȻһѪɫĵâ컢ĵ֮תһʱ̨֮ҲǻĽ
ҪԵ棬ûţҹ컢Ҷװһʱһֱϵļ͵˼֣ͬʱǿҲǹ뵽еĻͷ֮ϣһâ֣컢ȻҶ׵ѪֱӺҶ׵塣
ҹûôףͿûʵˣնҶ׸ܵ컢ͷųǿ֮ʼŲŲ岻ͣĿʼˡͬʱҲǷתеѪҲǻһɫѪɫâٴη컢еĻͷ󵶡
š䡱һǿݺݵײһ̨Ҳ΢΢ҡҡƺǱ˵ĶƴֵĲᡣ
ֻҶ׺컢ûкˣǶű˴֮ԽսԽµͷٴγ
СӣȻôҪƴξˬ죡Ҷײ˷컢Ҳ͵Ĵһֱԭ߾еĻͷ󵶳Ҷ׵Ķͷȥ
һ컢ȫһ˿Ҷ׵СеĻ¾Ҫֱӱĳˡ
Ҷ׿ɲôΪ
컢̸һЩʵõļɣЩ컢ʱԾ컢߾ٱնµʱҶ嵱еļ΢΢һȻһֵĽࡣ
ּĽ࿴ƽʵֲƽһּĴ
ּĽ࣬ЩżҵСûʲôоǿλսʹͬˡ
ǱһսҶ׾ȻļƵ֮ԭЩĮı飬ȻҲ΢΢չ
СӣȻЩ츳Ȼܹô̵ʱ֮ھļ治Ǳ迴еŰûֱӱֳսϵı黹ǽе뷨¶
ս˿սӣҲǰΪ컢ż
ܿսսǴ˿̨֮ĵ컢Ҷȴȫûָо
һ˲컢ıѾӰ֮컢ҵʱǡôֱץסҶ׵ķӦһͣ͵㣬Ҳصһ㿳ȥӦĻᡣ
˵һҶ׸㲻컢ȫһֻܹӦˡ
Ҷ׾Ȼ޿ɶ㣬컢ʱ˷
䡱һ컢һƫĿҶеѪ֮ϣҶȫֵһԽһΪˡˣ컢һУȫļҲǲͣ컢֮еȫյļ⵱ˡ
ҿҶ׵ļﵽ̶ȵʱҲ͵һ岻ĵ˳ȥͬʱҲһ컢еı֮ϡ
⡭ҶѪ֮ϵ컢Ҳ˼ͣ컢ٴοҶ׵Ҳ΢΢һ㶡
ȻҶ׵ʵǺ˽⣬ǶȴǶ꣬⼡żӶۺ졣˭Ҳûܹѧһ־Сû뵽һӾͽԼļڳȥСӾȻѧĻģͻȻоһ˿Σյĸо
ܹˣ䣬ұҪսپˣ֪Ϊʲô컢ͻȻоԼƺ˲٣ͷһ㱣֪ԼҪսپҶ׵ˡ
֪Ϊʲô컢еĿֻŸʱԽԽŨˡ


һʮ ʤһ
ڼЧˣҶ׺컢һϰٸغ֮컢ڳƣ顣ȻƣҶ׵ֻһţȴǱץסˡ
컢Ӧ΢ٶһ£ҶҲ֪Լ컢һá컢ԼҲǸܵеı仯ʼȡӦĴʩ˰ɣ
ˡ
컢ǫ̈̄ƺҲʼܵӰٴ΢΢
һ̣͵ŲȫƵҲˮһγһ׽С
ն컢Ͳ֪Ҷ״˲٣һд컢ʩչȴûаˮĺۼеٶҲǲҶ϶١
һ컢һĺ֮徹Ȼӵ֮ϷɿתֱӷҶ׵塣
˵֮У컢˫ֽסͷ󵶣ҲͬһתֱӾͽҶжķ򶼸½ת֮УбһαһǿһҶ׽һУͱȥӭ컢һ컢ܹҶһܣκδϢĻˡ
Сһ컢ǽƻ֪Լ֮ѾԽԽѷҪ²ߣҪϺһʤˣ컢һ͵ӣҲ΢٩˵
ʱҶ׿ûʱȥ졣컢һϮǲôۣǶҶ˵Ѿһ޴Ŀ顣
ն컢һҶҲصӭȥ
Ҷ׼еĽѪ˫ֻ̲סĲⲻΪ¶Ϊ⻹һԼʵĶȫɱмû˵Ĳ롣
һ͸ӿ֤ʵˡ
Ȼ컢ԤƵһҶһӵʽͿʼϵĺˣƺбɵĿܡ
ҶϾҪɳ̨һЩ֧˺ͷ˶ʼӳˡбĻǺϵΪܵ衣
Ҫ֪һ޶ŮȻֻΪȨ֮ҶôһӣȴҶ׵ԼһĿ
ԭıҲǶһЩĵı飬Ѿ׼Ҷܵش֮ǰ̨׼ˡ
ͬʱ֮ϵսͿսǻ࿴˿ƺȷ϶ԷǷԸһεĶעǶֱ֮˴˶û˳˼ֿ֮ʼĿתĹۿˡ
ʱ򣬽ֻǼʱ䣬컢ѾնʮˡҲֵʹɱһʱˡ
죡컢廹ڰ֮вͣתʱѾõһǿҲǴ֮ӿ˫֮ϡ
һ컢ȫļ⾹Ȼ˵γͬһǿݺݵĻһɫĹâնҶ׵塣
𡱵һһһâҲǻһֻͻҶ׵塣էһһֻͻЩһʵĸоһЩ컢һǲ˵ı֡
컢Ѿ޽ӽ񾳳ڣôӮ˰ɣ컢ȻܹʹɱսʱҲǸоԼһڶЦ
ֻսȴû¶ۣǼųϵıüͷı黹ܹĳҶܷʤ˵ǣʤδ֣ʱ
ʱҲǷ׷׶컢Ϊս˫Ҷȴȫûּ顣ǿеʱֳһޱ侲״̬
䡱һ컢һݺݵҶеѪ֮ϡ컢ǿͬʱĻͷ֮дҶ׵ϡ
һҶ׾Ȼһֱ̩ɽѹʹоһʱҲɫǺѡ
ǿûб컢壬һƴȥ뷨
Ҷ׻ڿ֣컢ʱЦһ˵Сӣҿϰһ֮õһʱҾǿɱһ񾳳ڵͨҲ֪˰ɣ
ҷɳȥʱ컢ĿԽʱֱϵҲתﵽ˶㣡
Ҷ컢ǿѹҲǺʾں컢ƴľʹõȻûô磬һմҲܹ˦ġڽ뽻ֵʱҶ׵͸ӵˡ
ءҶļյ컢֮еǿʹõյҶ컢ͷųǿ컢ûʲô̫ĸоҶȴ֪컢ʵȴʵʵı˲١
̨֮Ͻ˲֮Ҷܲס
ұһҶ׽֮յ컢һ𷴵ȥټҶױȻҶ˷ΪʤĿܡ
ʲôôѵҵ۾ˣһز©ǸĿսҲ̲סȵ˵
Ǹղûֵ̫ս˿ȻһƽӣͺںͿս˵ʵҸղҲûп컢νıʤҲ˶ѡ
ͬʱйۿĹҲǰĿ⿴Ҷ׺컢֮Ľ֮ϡ
䡱һ˵ͷŵ˼ޣ֮ʤҲϼʱˡ
ƽ֣Ҷ׺컢̲סͣĺˣЩһԸ
Ϊһʼ컢׷ἸѾҶױƵ̨ıԵ˵˶˳ͬĲҶױȻ䵽̨֮£컢ܾܿͻվ̨֮ϵǸˡ
ȻҶѾ̨ıԵۿҪ̨֮ϵȥ
컢Ҳ¶һϲı顣
ǾҶһֻѾյʱĽż⾹Ȼ΢΢һ˳һǿƶһӾƮ˰֮УʼһԾ˻ͬʱҲٴ䵽ٵڲͣ˵컢
컢һԾӣҶǺ˵컢Ҳò˵Ǹǿ˲٣㻹̫ţûаҷҾһ̣ϣסĵ
˵꣬Ҷױӿٶȣ˻һӰһȭʹ컢ǰء
ȻҶ״˿̵ѾԽ컢ˣǽ̨ûġ
˾顱һҶһȭֱӴ컢ǰأֱӽɳ̨ݺݵˤڵ֮ϡ
һ컢ǲܹԼ̨ʧܷʽֱȥ


һʮ ս
һҶ׻ʤ컢̨ˤȥʱżҵĳҲ̨֮ϽǵһСıˡ
صԼλ֮ϣҶ׳Ĭ￪ʼ˼Լ컢ֵ̡
˵У컢һʼѹġٶȡһЩ֮⣬˶Ϊɡ컢ٴѹԼʱûȡκơһֱƾԼڻһЩ΢ƣһٷ̣컢ܡ
һ£컢һʼͶҶײȡѹķڵĽ᲻Ͳһأ뷨Ҷ׶ʱ̫ĺˡͬʱҲǶԼԺս˴ȵĵ
һŻʤҶһ֮󣬵һҲ˳
ڵһ͵ڶı׷׽֮ѡڿʼϲһһηľˡ
һֻʣֻа˸ˡ̨£Ѿα֮пܻǰ׵ѡ֡
һѾǱ񾳵ңڶǰ벽񾳵࣬Ǵԭѡֵˡ˿Ҷվ̨֮Ͽ˵ʱҲֻԼ΢̾һ±ָֻԭƽı顣
Żֵȣҿǲô࣬ҶЩ˵Ҫ׳ܶġȽ϶ѣҵȴֱѹˣһЩ鵤۷ĸҲܹǰϼеġ
ڶǰ벽ࡣʵ΢Ҫ컢ǿһЩҲǿ̫࣬Ƕǰӡ컢ƣ˵ʵͱȽƽˡ
ܿ˸˾ͱֺˡ
Ҷ׵һˮڷ֮żҳ̨֮̾Ͽʼһѡ
ˮѵǸرᣬŮ˵ĹһżҵЩֵ˵
ԣô˵һŮˣƺҲżʵǿŮˡżҵӵĻԱߵһżҵЩķ
Ȼֻ㶷죬ȴô߾ҶˡҲ΢΢һ㶡Ϊڳǩʱܹоˮ棬һҲᣬôһŮأ
ȻôģսʱȴΪԷһŮĴϾս֮Ů֮ȫƽȵġ
ˣҶˮǰʱ̲סʵһŮģ
ʲô£Ҷôһʣڲ֮дһ
ðɣ͵ûʣˮ˷ҶʮԾסˡ
֮ܿı㿪ʼˡ
֮ǰҶ׵ĶֲͬˮõһѳѳҲǺصӣȴˮٶԶԶˡһʼˮ첽嵽Ҷ׵ǰ
ڰ֮΢΢ת㿪ʼ½˫һеĳ㻯һɫĹâնҶ׵ļ
һ˵Ǹɾ䣬ûиҶ·ȱڡ
һҶ׵յˮеĳ֮ˮ˫أٴγһһֱӴҶ׵ࡣ˵ˮȻֵʮֵ͵ǳȴʮֵĺݶһĸоĶ죬ܶʱ򶼲ǰ·ƣҶҲЩ
Ҷ׼Ȼһ벽ǿߣȻҲһֻ鵤۷ŮܹоˮȻٶռƣȴΪ֮ųĻ¸ܽеġ
һҶײƣȻˮˡҶ׵ǿѹһ취ҲûС
ˮŵٶȣҶ΢ЩиʱһתӵҶһٴη
Ȼˮڱǰ»һЩأٶͬǿҶףˮھѹһͷҶ׼ӿٶȵʱҶֱһˮƵǡˮˬˡ
ȻǺǿҶûз϶ͰԼܣˮԵĶҶ˵
ѡҲǺܿͽˡ
ھʣҶ׺żҵѡ־ǰˡ
һҶ׶ſơϣҶƥѡʱҶ׾Ȼһ鵤۷ѡѡٻЩʧġ
ʱսȫûʧǿԼеö̵죬һܵӡֱȴһԵĿսʮֵĲζ
Ȼöֻʮڳ𣬶ڿս˵ЩʹҲ˶ѡսҲִ֪ģ֪Լʵռ˿սıˣҲʮִ󷽵ĽԼصóͿսǿսٴ¶Цݡ
ԴеìҲǱ׻⡣
սղӮˣ㻹ĲˣǿҶܲܽǰһ֮󣬿սٴЦ˵
һսǲϵġȻҲӮһʣ֪սôĳ룬ܹ뵽սԲѹҶӮȷʵҲϣҶܹõһսǽƻһЦ˵ҵΪҶ׿϶ܹõ͵Ϊֹˣ
սĻսǹһЦ˵սȻҲˣȻҪˣ
˵սͿսֿʼһƷƣһ߿ųϵıˡ
ʱҶ׺ſҲѾ̨֮ϡ
ſơ֮ǰżҵ˽Ȼͬſһֻ̨֮ʮǫ񣬲û˵ʲôֵĻֱӵԼ֡
ҶסԷ˹ԼҲܹʧ
Ҷ׼ֵʱ򣬶Էֽ˵ҸղſżֵܴǸϵӳһڶҲԵ֣ϣԺܹΪѣ
ŶԷһϵı飬Ҷ΢һҲ֣µĵ˵ͷ˵ãȻô˵ǵˣϣ뿪Ժлټ
ôξǾһսҶ״ϲĻſҲ˷ܵ˵
ãҶ׸ܵԷдսҲǺԥĴӦ
ſͬٶȼ汸ѡһνҲⳡ࿴㡣
ſƣû뵽żҵϵҲô͵ˣܹʶҲҵҰҶһ˵ţһŴſƵǰĽеѪҲֱۻһâֱſеĴ󵶡
һǿ̨֮оײ˶̲סˡ
ˬʵЦ
ܵſƵս⣬Ҷٴȥ


һʮ ݲ
һҶٴλѪſƶƴһ
սʱԽǵײҲǱԽҡ
ˡ̨Ȼһζʱſ͵ĴһȻӵԾԾ֮еߵ㣬忪ʼ½һ˫־Ŵͬһս
£
ˡһſеĴ󵶾Ȼγһ΢΢ͬһ̨ܹгһ
ն
ȻҶ׸ܵſг޾ԷһкһͷѾѵɱҶ׻ǺԥӭȥͬʱеѪҲǸ֮ܵޱǿսҲǷ΢΢
һҶ׵ȫȻȼһʺɫģŨŨĺɫת֮汬
𡱵һҲǴҶ׵ı֮мХҶ׺ſ֮սҲƿһ޴ĸ߳
䡱һڰ֮бײһɹǿҲǴսĺλñȥžͿ̨ľȻһǿײһӡ
ˣſںҶһζƴ֮󼸺ԼеȫĹ⣬Ҳͷ
һҶ׻ʤҶ׺ſƵı֮żҳҲվ̨Ϻ󺰳
Ȼһ˶ûˣ侫ʵĴ򶷳滹żҵĳȡžһΪҵһѡֺͶѡ֮Ľˡ
Ҷ׶ЩҲѾںˡ
ҪҪȥ˵һ£һͲҪμˣҶ΢Щƣı飬Ҳ̽ʵ
ȻҶ׵˽ҲǺܶ࣬ͨⳡܹĳҶǾʵһѡһġҶ׼Ȼ־ڵĿûǿҶٶȲ
ڵõҶ֮ͬԳȥҶ״顣
ֹһڶҲ鵱н޿ɺǵʵֱӮһʤҶ׵ĽƷҲǰõˡ
ǲȻԶԶĿȥһ׿ֻһޱᱡİɫ磬һҶһɫ羹Ȼȫû֮С
ñȻֻǵĽƷҶ׿ȴﵱΪʵõһ
߰ɣȥսڱֻᣬҲǵõս轫Ҷ״ǰ
ȻһҶҲԶԶĿıӰ͵ǵ̸һȫͬһ濴ս
ȫϢȫͬǣս˫Ŀ񣬹͸һ̩ɽĸо嵱лһޱȿ񱩵ͬһֻֻͻϲͣıܣʳһ㡣
Ҷ׵Ĺƣս͸¶ʵܹնɱԼͬǻʾĻߡ֪սսжô뺷ˡ֮⣬ս߻һߣҶ׵ĿһսʵȻȲսҲȥ
ȰݼսսҶսսǰʱҲǹ
ãɡΪˣս˵ֽĿҶס
Ҷףıַǳã˲棬ǧܹûᱻҿѳ֪𣿡սЩ࣬ıȴǴŷǳº͵Цݡ
֪ˣսĻҶǹʩ
ˣ֪ЩУˣս㲻ҪǰһЩ𣿡սҶһ֮ҲǽĿת˿ս̲֮סʵ
ǺǺǣд⣡սĻսҲǹһЦ˵
Ҷף㣬贫㼡ˣսĻһڣֱָĺġ
սôһҶҲ΢Щ֪ӦôشʱЦ˵׶Ǽ˺ͿսֵܣϵǱѰʲôֱ˵ɣ
ȻֻǼ򵥵һ仰㽫ҶеĹǸˣս常Ǳ֮ǰոմڸҵһЩɣ
ʲôҶ׵ĻսɫҲ΢΢һ䣬漴ָֻ
úãţһ鶨飬͸ɣսҶ׵ĻʱҲǴЦִӻͳһӶԸߵ˵
¸£Сһ㻹ˣɲһĶһ˵Ʒ԰ϰǶϾҪ񾳵ĸ־͸ˣ˵һһӵж񾳵ļҲǴ˼սȻͳҶףҲЩĽ˵
лսʹͣȻҶ׶սôϤȴܹоսİڱԷʹͣҲǸϽٴι
ˣȥɡսٴδѪսҲ¶һжı顣սֿ϶һֱôȥսþսžͽҶ׸ˡ
Ҷߺ󣬿սҲһ̾ϢƺΪղԼһ嶯ͳһеʹ
սαʵأѵΪûпĳҲǿСӵǱҪǰ£һ𣿡
ʥԺѧǳ飬㻹׬أսһ̾ϢӣսһھԴ˵
ԼѽҴԼİϷսֹЦþƺԼľƱƳǰһҲˬ˵սΪ⼸ʮɱ
ҶȻ֪սͿսԼߺЩ̸ڸ뿪λսڵ֮ǱҪ̷ĸۡˡ
ȻҶ˵ôݲݵĽһûа˵֮ջķᡣڻȥ·ϣҲǲϵĿԼеĶ鰵Ц
һϲ֮ҶͻȻıȴôĸˣϵĳƺԽԽˡ
ǰȥսǲǻ飿ݵӣҶ̲סʵ
ʵһʼҶ׾һֽȦ׵ĸоҪѾˡ
ǺǣСһȻʲô۾ʵҴȥսҪʵҪġ轫Ļ˵ʱͻȻһ䣬оʲôʱһֱҲͣ
ಡ
ͣʱ߰˷ɵһˢˢ˿֮ǰϳĳѾһˡ
ʲô˾Ȼô󵨣ҹд̣ѵоû𣿡߰˰һֱ֮ҲҶһ֮⡣


һʮ ߽
ʲôʱҲĸԼĶˣӥһҶ׵ǰһǴǺڰ֮˳֮߳мŷɵĺվࡣ
Ǻǣû뵽ӾȻôͰħצˣǵϢͨģôǵĿңأӣһЦ˵
䣡ֻҪ㣬ϾҪˣҺܿͻոȻһĿģҪ̽ʵʱûг
Ȼܹ˳СӵҲǷǳ˵ģ˵꣬ӱʧҶ׵ĶߵС
Ȼûпӵٿʧһ̣ҲǴҶ׵ǰ֮ҲʧӰ١֮дһĴ
СӣĶǣҶʱ򣬶ĸ˿ҶЦ˵
Ȼĸ˵ʵǺǿҶ˵Ҳ鵤۷ľ硣ĸͬʱԸʱѹ
ȥսĸۡ˵õ˿Ͷ֮⣬õһսʿסȻֶСģڿĻУǶҶ˵ȴȻϡĶսصһЧ͸ˡ
ɵɣĸ˱ͬʱʧҶ׵ߵУҶ׾͸о˷ɫĵӰ
ಡһһɵһݷѾõĶ߷׷Ҷ׵塣ЩɵÿһĶҶΪԶλãޱȵĿҲæҵʱ
ʱѾ׼ʹѪƾԼһ˫ȭͷĸ˻ɱ
ȻѪҲΪѪʵ̫أܹ񵲼ѷɵĸһ֣ͺѶˡһԭҲѪ뵽ָУٶȻٵġ
ȻɱﵣǱ룬ʱǲܹ¶ġ
ˡ
ʮѷɵͬʱҶ׵ͬʱҶҲͬʱ۳һƬƬ΢ƽЩɵƫƳֱӵɳȥ
ԽԽķɵҶ׵ʱҲԵЩƣˣ˵ļҲǱ˲׵ľ롣
ãҵȴʱѾˣҶ踺ôãҪԼٶѾﵽ޵󣬶ҲôʱԼ˽ôġ
գĸΪѾҶױ·ʱҶ׶ʱԼϱ뵽ָ˲ٶȾĵ屶
ϵߣգ֮ҶױʧںҹСһӿĸ˶ʱɵˡ
ôܣǸСôͻȻʧˣһ˿ҶʧͻȻоȫһ䣬Щ
ͬʱһҲǽŵĻܡ
ʱͻȻһӰһֳ
顱һ˾һƵ͸оԼɤһһѪ˳
˵ҶʱҶһһ˵ǰֱչ̧־һơ
Ҷ׵һƱ֮ǰӵһƸͣһɹѪɫĹâ֮ϱֱӺ˺˵嵱С
ۡһ˶ʱҶֱӴ򱬡
Ҷ׽Ż˵ٴʧںҹС
ã֮ǰ͹СӵʵˣͻȻȻʱһжѾˣ
žһҶͻȻֱ͵չͬһһͷֱһƱ㽫˵Դˡ
ڵҶֱһ˵ߣ˻ҪҶôܸᣬֱͳָѪѪɫâ˦
ҲҶضֱ̡
ֱӽսչĸɱ֮ҶױصԱߡʱ֮սҲǴﵽ˸߳
裬˵ʱѧΪ˲٣ҲһЩǼʶˣҪЩʵҪҸߣأӱ˿գֱһЦ˵
飬⻰˵ĵɣǽб¾ͲҪߣƴһɣԽԽҲ
һ徹ȻһֲɵĲֶ˼ļȴҶʩչĸӵĸӶ䣬׽͸еĴһͺΧһжΪһˡ
㻹ǽԼΪֵļʹóھҿ㾿ܹѼʩչʲô̶ȰɣѾʼȫսӶʱҲǳĿЦ
豬ȫʱҲǽԼʩչһȫͺһźɫĻһɫĻģȻ㿿һȫĸо
ৡһһ˫ɫĳҲǴıչ
ħ飬ħħҲнҪռǾԲܵģ͵ɣ峹ΧĻΪһ֮ӰȻȫʧһʱҲҲټ
Ͼǻߣɱʧȥ˶ֵӰԽûаš
ʧԭصʱҲǿʼȥжһοֵܳλáܿ죬ͷѾıˡ
ৡһӣ鱳ϮʱҲǻһɫƮݳȥתһƣһޱȵǿԵһɫӡҲͬ겻ɢĹ塣
֨֨
һʱҶ׾Ϳϵļ⾹Ȼ΢΢˼£ֱӽЩƬʾǿʵ
⻹ʲô棬Ȼη壬ĸǰžһƴǰء
һƿƽ棬ȴֱ̺仯ƾôأлɳˡ
֪ⲫĿ£񵱼ҲǱԽ˫͵ĺ£һźɫҲǴǰײ
˸ոײǡֱգ֮ϵļšʮСЩкСȴĺɫ޷ϡ
̣
Ѿ޿ʱƾ֮ϵļڴ͵չһ̣塣
־ٶҲ͵˺󣬴һţһźɫĻĿ


һʮ ־ѧ
𡭡͵һŭҶ׾һŷĿ˳Щʮֵոɱ¶Ȼڲϵ½޷塣գ֮䣬ΧͱֱӽڰյС
и屻Ҳ͵Ĵһͬʱһɫͬһиϣ忪ʼһƣһһֹŹֵ嵱вϵ졣ԽŨأֱӽȫûˡ
⾿ʲôȻҶûۿֵȴܹ͸߸о·Ŀ£пһգ۵ʱͻᱻиΪҳСĿǸʱͨıҲˡ
һĶһϣͻᱻױ߽⣬κεҩҲ޷ȻˣҶ׵ĻҲǽ͵
裿ƺѾűնɱΣգҶײûߣޱȹеġšĴƺѾɱôһľˡ
Сӣǲܾôױɱģ㿴Űɣľ֮ѻ˵֮徹Ȼʼĭ״徹ȻĿʼɫϱ֯һŹһĴֱӽ峹׷顣
Ǿ𽥱ɷĩеѪҲ𽥸ɺԵʱ͵һ㶣ƺоһǿҵΣСһõ边Ȼ³֮
Ǭתƣܵǿת֮ʱЩˡ
Ҫ֪ǬתȻֻСɣԽκΣյľ֮нѳڶÿһ벻Ľ档ҲΪµĵط
ȻинЩЩԼѵĻɱᣬ޷˵ĳȥ
һ̣ļ⿪ʼ޵ԭһװ˵徹ȻһңȫµҲ۳Ϊһ㣬ȭͷ֮ϡ
˵һȭȫϾųɵˡ
ã֪ƴˡ
ɫƣ֪Լ̫͹ʵһʧжϡһֻܹϵһԴסԼˡ
һȭݺݵĴ֮ϵʱҲǲϵͷųɫһȦȦɫͬһĶ˲佫С
֨֨
һȦȦɫƽеʱһɹϢҲǴƮɢֱ֮ϲͣᣬһɫצһ
š䡱һһȭǳںɫ֮ϣɫֱӴ򱬡
ȻҲǱһȭ΢һЩˣȻƾ˫ͺɫƸ˳ȥ˵ֻ龪һѡ
˰ȫ֮ʱҲЦһȵ裬ʵȷʵЩҲûʲôȵոʱ㻹ǻԹͷģ
˵꣬㻯һɫĻʧҹյС
ʱѾ»صԱߡҶȻԭصһĵӣҲ΢΢һ㶣Ż˵Сһô㻹ѵ㲻ұɱ۵𣿡
ô˵Ҷף̫౳飬ҶʶҲǼ飬Ҷ׻Ϊ⼸ĸ飬ܹ벻Żôʵġ
ȻܹоĲΣҶҲûκβıʾֻǵ˵ʵҶұʱҲһַǳʹĸоҪһֻǸʱȷʵɡ
ܹǲϣôҵźοܹӳħħצ𣿡Ҷ׵ȻʮֵƽȴеκȫıʱҲһϢѹ
ܿ죬бһЩỨúúãҿеȻô˵ˣҲˣҸ㣬սȥִһܹԤϵұȻС
ҵӣȻҲܹٻҵұ𣬵ȴԽҵһȫڸ㣬һЩֶô迴ҶһϵӣҲ͵¶˵
ͶлǰˡҶû뵽͸ԼôһݴȻЩ⣬Ҳ֮С
СһɲһȻƽʱ͵սȫ¾սͿսĳҲҪ˱ģ洫ʵģĻҲ΢̾˵
߰ɣﲻ˵ĵطȻصҵĸϣٺϸ˵һУˣ֮ϽϻصԼĸۡ
صԼĸ֮ۡ㽫Ҷ״Լ鷿С
ûд鷿Ҷ˵Щ飬ǴԼĿڴȡһι״壬鷿֮еһͨ鼮棬Ϳһ鼮΢΢Ϳ񻺻תóһͨµʯ׵·
ͨҵĵ·߰ɣͺһԼأȫ÷
šܹо˿̵飬ҶҲʮ˵
ܿǾһޱȳʯ֮Уһֻڷŵ룬ʯҲǱɨĸɸɾûаҳʯҵһʯʯ֮һЩīʯΡ
軺һֱʾҶʯϣҲһ߻˵Сһ֮԰еҪǿ־ѧǬתƺͼڸ㣬̵ʱԼʵϣܹڽɳΪʥߵʱܹӻżң
ǰˣҶһ뵽֮ǰʩչ־Ҳһļ
ھҽ̸ҵĵһ־ѧɣ˵ţʯ֮վԸҶʾ
߶ȫ⼫Ϊƿأ˵һ£ܹԼ˲Ϣ䣬ݻΪһͱӣ˵边Ȼ仯ԼòΪҶ׵ӡ
Ŷǰ˺ԼļһģһҶԼҲǰԼˡ
˵ţ迪ʼ仯һͷͻӡȻֱ仯˾òǾƾҶϸȥ۲ÿһϸڣǲ˿еĲͬġ
ҶޱȾȵĿ⣬ҲٴλظԼԭӡ


һʮ ھѧ
Щ仯ֻ˼֮ĵС֮ÿһ缡ߵӵ۷壬ʥ߻Լļɽӣ˵ʱ򣬾ҲѾ顣
һ뵽ʥߵҶ׻ǾԼ־Щ̫ңԶˡ
Ҫ֪Ȼڵõɱ¼֮ĳΪĿ죬Ϊɱ¼ڿԽɱ˵ĽȱȽϴ󡣿һΪҪԽɱ˾ͱԽԽˡܹõľҲԽԽϡ١
ͱ˵ɱĸҲֻǸǧ㾭ֵѡҴɱһֻѪ֮ҲŻǧٶ㾭飬ǧ㾭ڳѪ޹׵ġҲ˵ڵоҲʮһǧٶ࣬鵤۷ʮкܳһ·Ҫߡ
Ȼܹնɱһ񾳵ǿߣܹõپġֻڻЩ
ٸչʾһҼ˵ţԱһǧȻһǧֻаƴСҺֻͨҡǽôһǧһ滤ĶƵĻԿԵֵǻʾСɸֵȫһ
轫һжҶ˵һǧֻһͨ񣬾ֻܹһ裬Ҿȫһưɣ
赱Ҷ׵棬ŵԼƣʼȫ궯ƴĴ궯һ¶ҲԽԽߣܿһȻȵԸı״ĳ̶ˡ
ʱ֮Ҳ𽥳սζȴûбֳʹӣǼǧпʼǧ㱻ԽԽ⣬𽥳һƵ״
ʱѾʼڣЩطѾⰲŨŨսˣĶͷҲǳ˴ĺˮһЩʹĸо
˺ϵʹԽԽʢʱһʮƽĶҲڱɹӽˮ֮С
ȻȻʮֵĴֲڣȴԿĳȷʵ˲ٵӳɡ
ǡ
Ȼ轫һɹ֮ϵļҲǱյʮֲңһЩطĿˡ˵ΪƣҲ˲ᡣȴûа⣬ҶΪ϶ʲôҩ߸ԼͿĨʲôʥҩָ˿ڵʱ边Ȼֻǽ΢΢תһ£㽫֮ϵ˿ڳϣƺûܵκδ˵ӡ
ô£ѵܹͨ޸˿ڣ֮ϵ˿ڣҶҲЩֵʵ
Ҷôһ˵ֻҡҡͷ˵ʵⲻ޸˿ڣǽЩ˵ļȥһ֣һ˿תƵطʵҵЩ˿ڿ񲻴ˣʵϻǴڵġ
ԭĻҶҲ΢̾˵
ȻһЩƲǽǽĸоȴܹĻ嵱е˿ڣǶ˿ֹѪŷǳԵĺô
ҲֻǼһã
֮⣬ãٿʩչ㣡ֽһС˿һƣ˫ֽסʮּӲӡ
һֻƱԽԽʵһ˫ƺֱϵļҲԽԽǿ׳Ҷ׾Ϳƺֱϵļⶼʼн
ȻҶƺֱ֮ϵļǺĿĵäĿϸȥȴһɹǿȻЩ֮ɢȥγһи㿪ʼһƽзֽ⡣
һ˲һӵʱ䣬˫ͻȻ͵һֱӾͱֱ˺ȱڡ
㵥ֱۺƵٴʾҶ۶⼡ҲԽԽڴ
ԣǼȴܹһһչʾνʦڸˣֻܹҸý̵Ľ̸㣬ʣµľͿԼˣҶһصӣĳ˵
轫ЩҶ׽֮󣬱ֿʼһ㽫һЩϸ΢֮ˡ
ܿ죬һϵʱ͹ȥˡ
һϵʱ䣬ҲֻݽһŶѡֵǬתˡ
ףǬתֻܹеķ̸㣬ܹľͺˣнʮʱ䣬ҲֻǬתһСɶѡ
μס˵ĹݰɣǬȣתǬתֻһٶ֣ȴԽзȫֻһʱҶҲֻһŶѡ
Ǵ˿̵ȴѾͲסĵеļЩ˷ܵ˵Сһû뵽ּһ󱦱
ȻҲǲܹȫеݣȴܹоǬתƵ̫Ĺڿռ䷨İ壬һ򣬾˷ݵصʱʥҲܹɱˣƺûܹҶ׵ӣ֣µ˵
ҵȷʵҶ׶ʱҲ˵ͷ˵
ʱѾǬתƹ˵һ飬ҲǱҶ׼еҶʹõĲˡ
һ޴Ӹǰ
ȫܷģ˷һƴľ޴ȱ֮⣬طķ϶¾Ҷ׵һָҲܹ
ӵĸǰҶ˵ǬתƺʹָЩָֻ֮ù󷨽ƷתƵдռģǬתǽԼתͱҵɣ
Ļ˵֮Ҷױ㷢Ѿ棬γӵȴû˿𻵡ֻգ۵Ĺ̡
һʼתǬתƵʱֻһָоֻҪܹתĳ·ߣܹʵתƵĹ̡
ܼ̿򵥣ʵȴޱȵļѣҲźܴĹϵģ˵ţҲ뵽ƴĳûмʱǬתʹóĻ¾ͲǱӴܣֱӽʳƬˡ
ʲôʱ򶼲Ҫϣֲ׵֮ϣȻСɣĳɹǴǴɼͺʧˣʾִ֮֮Ҷ˵
Ҷ׿ʱɣֵԼûˡ
ˣҪȥһЩ飬⼸ϰɣʱһᰲ˸ͳԵģֻҪĴˣҶѾʼԵֹ㰲ĵ뿪˵ңֻʣҶһ˻˼ڤ롣


һʮһ 
ϰǼ
Ȼżҵļ֮ʮĽһЩʹóּɸҲֻڼıܷӦһЩǿ׳ʿ㲻ἡҲܹʩչҶͬЧԶҶ˵֮ǰѧϰļֻһЩĶѡϰĲǼΪĵݡ
֨֨һʼҶױ㿪ʼԼļ״̬ʼմڼȷɡʱԼļһָƵʵ״̬ͱøӵˡ
ԼȻԵʮֵɬһ޷Ƶĸо
Ϊü⴦һ״̬һЩʿ˵Ƿǳ׵ģЩĳЩþͲˡĿʾе༼ɣҶ˵ҪȴһһϦ顣

һʱϰ˲ǧεļҶ׸оʹԼĹͷһûͣʱҶ׵ļѾǱʶ״̬ȫһֳ鴤ӡ
˿˿Ҷڵӿ»ΪǵʲôزŻȫ鴤ѡʵȴǡǡ෴
˿Ҷ׵ļһּ˷ܵԾУ廹ԽԽʼ뵽ļ⵱УʼմһְԵ״̬

Ҷ׷Լ屻ЩĥԽԽʹ̲סŭ
ʱ͸оԼļ䱻иΪ࣬һʱеļ»ָøӵɳ״̬ЩҲı仯Խ׿ơ
֨֨
Ҷٴʩչʱ򣬾û֮ǰɬĸоˡ
Сӣ˼Ŵﵽŵļֻ˲ʱˣ֪չĻ»ᵱѪɣҶ׾Ȼô˼ŻɣҲ̲ס˵
뵽ʲôͻȻҶ׵ǰ΢Щ˵Сһʶô̵ʱ䣬ԼоѧڣͻȻһεĸоʵҲ༼ɿõģ
Ҷֹͣʼָʱ̲סҶ˵
Ŷǰ˵ʹ÷ĻҶײûȥ׷˽Щֵʵ
Ȼˣ÷⼡ҪԲЩʶǳܹ֮ģҶ׾ȻԼǲŵ˵
ɣȻܹ½֮ΪĹҲ޼ﵽ֮ǰõĻǻܵ˵ģв
ұȺΧʥߣĸ۷ߣʮ񾳵ĳǿߣ˵𣿡˵˵ţԼȥһЩԻ¡һ뵽ԼŪһûУֳĬ
ԴޣҶϷмȴܹоеֹ¼ţһäĿԴ󡣲Ҳܹоȥ϶һԻ͵ʷ
ҲǾҪ񾳲аҶȻԴ޲ȫţδǳڴģҲȷʵ˲ǿҶײܹϵġ
֨֨
һʱȥˣҶ׻ڲͣϰһϰѲֹͣ
ȻѾϰһǳ˵ĵزҲΪϰޱȵ˲ʳ伢ĻҶ浣Լô
ˣϢһˣڰʱ΢ЦĴ¥֮Ҷ˵
ʵҶ׵ĽҲǼȾȵģΪݵԭûбֳҪθҶ״ĻһϢ
Ǹ׼ĵҩһЩָһɣ轫Լڴ൤ҩóݸҶסСɽһҩҶ׶ʱҲǱĿɿڴ
ڹȥ϶ҪġΪôʽĵҩٿӹԪֱ鵤СɡЩҩ˵üͬˣ̫൤ҩۻֻԽԽꡣЩҩʱָһЩûġ
ӸҶô൤ҩ֮Ҳǽһöָٴ֣µĵݸҶס
Сһһö񣬶ҵĻһЩ伮¼ЩһЩѧ飬ϣܹƴ˵Ҳ΢һЩ˵
֮⣬һһҪ㣡ԥ˰죬軹׼ҪҶ˵ˡ
ܣҪ֪Ϊ˿ǴޱȵĵϼκϵĲҶҲٿı顣һᵽܣȫȻȻĲ
ֱ鲻֪ǼΪ־壬˿̲֮ס뵽ЩΪյĳ档
֪Լ˵ЩܻӰ쵽Ҷ׵һ޷ֻأĺ͸ӵĳˡ
ĺԽԽѵʱһѵҩԱߣȡһСƿӽĵҩһ̶Ż˵ҶףĻҪεļסҲܹߵڶˡ
ǲҪģҲ㣬ܾͻԶ£վһܻḡˮ棬ʱ½뵽һƬͿ̿ľأҸ㣬ϣ㲻Ҫţ˵ʱٴβͣĲ
Сһˣ϶ȢĹԺǵ̽еˣֹķӦ𲻵û֣Խ˷ܵ˵
żҸոճʱǸʱһֻһʢ꣬ϲɱһЩǿĵˡҶͨĻܹĳʱҲйһľ
˵ϳ¶˵ЦݣһһɱһҾߵıǿߣȻ˵ʱɱȻ㹻Ĵۡ˵ԼΪľƺ뵽ԼʱΣ촽ͣĲ
ֳһЩҩ֢֮״ĶͷȴΪȣ˺ˮ
ҶҪԼʱ˰˵ɵӣеһֹŹֵ䣬ֻҪҽ˵ȥʮ֮ڶ˵ܵʱұҪͣɵҩܹάֻ
ڵ㹻ǿ׳˿¸˵һͷѾˣǺǡƺԼȥľʮֵ㣬Ҳޱ˷ܵ˵


һʮ š
ˣԹƺþûôԣ˵ʱԭЩ԰׵ɫҲǱԽԽ
Ȼʱ迴ܽҶ׿ȴһֻعⷵյļ
Ҳ֪ԼЩʧ̬һԼ˵һεսȻݣǽǳңΪ̰Ȼɱ񾳵ǿߣҲܵ˼ĴˣʶѾˣ
ɱǸǿ֮ҾȻϷһŵͼƺʶŵͼ뵽˵ľأ
ҷλþͼϱıظʱҷǳ˷ܣΪԼļһıһȴǵһجεеһ޴Ӱ˵ֵƺʮֺڣһЩ˷ܡ
ֳһƿҩ֮˵ҵһصڣȻڱصڴͣʮҵȻ޷˵˽ȥ
˵Ҳ֣ԭڱ֮ϾҪһ뵽澹ȻͻȻڲܵҲڼٵĺתܿҾҵһ޴š
ߵҲŷһ֮ϾȻӡͷ񣡡˵ʮֵĻҵǵ˵ʱȫȻһƬӰǣͺĽٵһ
Ȼû˵Լ״̬Ҷȴֿ֪ܵ״̬ܼ̫ã˵ͷϷҲѾˡ
˵΢ͣһ˵ҿͷ֮󣬾Ȼһŵ߳һźɫӣ͸¶ŨŨϢܹоҲȻеĹϵ
߳ҵǰ˵ˣǳˣΪѡĶһ㱻ѡ㽫ܵıӻһֱ˵ϵΪֹȻҲ˵תƵһ˵ϣ˵ޱ̾Ϣ˵Ҷʶԡ
Ȼһʼ˵񣬿ǵ˵ЩʱҶԸоȫһĳ鴤麹֮ʳҶײֻܹѧӣһƿҩ
ڹȥĻҶ׵ٻǻһЩĸоƿҩȻûʲôĸоͺղ̵ĲƿҩֻһͨȪˮѡ
ǸʱϾҪԶ˵ĻȻ֮ãǵҴӦҪ֮ȴ˾޴ı仯
Ǵ͸޵һСҵϿһ޴ţޱȸӣϵʱҵȫһֱĸоʱʹ֮ҵɢȥγһɹǿĺɫʼʴҵ塣
ҸоҵѾҪͷˣ˵ٴһƿҩڳһƿҩ֮˵ڶƿʱѾʼ΢΢ģѪ͵ˡ
ҵ屬ը˼֮󣬾ȻûǱһǿ۹ҵȻǲ֮ȴû֪ǲܹˣǸʱǸ춨ŶҵӰ졣
ſֶ֮˵ӡһźڰ֮ģһǿ󣬾Ϳõһ̺ڰ֮ģӶƺڰħ壬ͳ½
ڰ֮ûطҵͻԽԽܣΪ࣬ȻžͻɵͼѰѡ
ȻҶ˵ĻҲŲɣȴܹоﵱеƭԣ˵ЩΪͶĳЩаĶṩֻܹίߣ
ŵִ֮ȥѡǿ׳ǿ͹뿪ǸطֻҺҲûȥ
ΪţÿһǰǷ׻һЩԤ֪ǱܲϵıھҵֲԤҲԽԽǿңҷǸѾܹңΪոˣ
ȻҲ֪Щ㲻㺦㣬ܹо˵Ҳһ˵嵱оȻֱӱѣȫǲѪ㳹ˡ
Щ˵꣬ҶԭҪѵҲࡣڿȫѪʱ򣬻̲סҪǰȥ
ǿַӦȴŽȻͬΪ˱Ҷ׷Ͻ˵СһܵŻѪֹھҲ޼£Ϊֻܹ֮ȴԶʧſˣ
Ҷ׺ܵ裬ǼȻô˵ˣֻܹһԵȴпʱ֮ڣҲǽԼ֪йػĹ˵ڻĹ˵Ǵɽʱģ˵絮ʱһǻһǻ֮Ҳ񣡡
֮һǲͣǿøֶνЩɱڰ֮㿪չһս
ԼΪ۴࣬ӴԺĴһʰڻħǿǻֱսʤ񣬲Ӷһ֮ս
Ȼȴûֹͣ˵һĵطȻƣʬҲûܹҵ˵ڻĹˣ˵Ĺɲ£˵һʱɫҲ΢ѿһЩڻǹһδ˵˵˳
ԭĻҶ΢΢̾˵
ĺ̸ֱӱըһѪʧҶ׵ĸǰͬʱһޱȹŹֵķҲǳҶ׵ǰ
ҶϴŵЩƣȴűʵ
һ֣֮ǵ˵
ʲôһ־ܹ˲ϵ־ʲôãĻҶҲ̲ס̾
ҾͲˣ˵ҲֻԶŵĴܹԦЩģ˵ǰĳԶŴܿǺͻһأҶôһʣҲǴŵ٩˵
ۣĻҶײ㽫ȪˮһأЩε˵ǻתҵļ˻ᱻҸˣѾ˰ɣ
һ뵽ԼȫұҶҲޱȰյ˵ȻĻЩмĻȷʵĿһͻһУɾߵ뷨Ҷǰ붼顣
ȿȿȡʱһҵĿͻȻҶ׵𡭡


һʮ ֵ
ǰû°ɣӵϻվɫɷ׵ӣҶ׸Ͻǰʵ
û£ֻһЩѡ΢ҶƿԼһʯϴһ֮ŴŵĻָһЩ
ʱתҶ˵ҶףǳҪԲܹԵڶ˵𣬷Ļ³һģ
⣬ʮ֮һҲתƵϡ˵ʱҲ¶޾ΣͬʱҲһֽѵĸо¶ͨҶܹоϿΪõ޷⣬ʵҲܵһʱ޿̵ĥ˵
ϣ㲻ҪΪǺң֮ͣҲޱʹ˵һ仰仰һڶʱҲҶ͵һ㶣֪˵ʲôźˡ
ʵ̵УҶ׺˴˶ǰٷ֮εģ֮仹һЩĳͻڶ޷Ԥϵ飬ǽҶԭɸһǳΪԽԽܵˡ
ֹֻϵĿ죬ȥĸ죬Ҷ׾ô޷ı飬ǲԼôõġߵʱΪԼ飬һʲôڡ
ǰĺˣΪܲ⣬ҲֻܹΪǰԭŻ˵ġ˵ţҶױ㰲סеһЩֻźͲ谲ο
ʵĽ֮˵ǾǼٵģֿ־廹һЩӰһ뵽ԼȫҺĸױȫɱ֮еֱֲֿӱǿĳ޸иȡ
Ҫ֪Ϊû˸ףСҶҾͲôܴǴ˵֮з˵ܾۺͲƽĴôЩ궼ĸһֽ֧ҶҵĵλҲǴδй½ڲϵȲ
ԭΪֻҪԼĸײȻҲǶһͷΣȻԹЩŹֱҵͻȻ֣ǽ˵״飬±һһеСӣĸ׵ʹǿҵľС
Ҳɱ¾ÿޱȡȻʹһѹţԼһ϶ᱬġǸʱ򣬾ʱ̡
ҶףȻ֮ǰҲٻ£ϣǶԵģϢһ֮ҲǺת࣬㽫Ҷ״Լҡ
ˣϢɣҾҪȥִˣһͿ뿪ʥԺˣס⼸֮ǧ򶼲Ҫٻؿҿܶӵ׷ɱ˵꣬ʾҶ뿪
ƣӣҶҲͣǳԼסĵطȥ
ʱѾкüûпҶˣҶҲԼ顣ûֱӻԼסĵطһסķ䡣
¸¸¡Ҷǵס֮ʱԶԶľˬʵЦݺƴϻɫ
ҶһžͿ޺̻ʵӣ֮ƴҲޱ˷ܵٸһｲһЩ¡
һҶ״ƴ϶ʱ˷ܵ˹
׵ܵܣû뵽㾹ȻõżĵҶһƴϾͲ佫ᵱеļš
ȻƴҲżҵˣϾֻһ˶ѣûʸȥμżҵᡣǶ޵Ļ롣
ˣҪ常һ뿪ȥִˣδʲôأƴϺһǵӣҶҲԴ̽ʵ
㡭һҶ׵Ļƴ϶ʱҲãŶҶ˵˲֪Ϊʲôĸۡʹ͸ңһҪôĸۡʲôã˱㽫ۡѺսеõϰڳңҲǾ뿪֮󣬱㵽һЩȫĹȥΣϣǸʱҵľܹ
ŶƴôһҶ׶ʱһ־ȵĸоһ뵽ƴϼڿȷʵûʲôôƴ˵ôܺãҪסʥԺѧԺлᵽʥԺңʲôΣҲ˵ʥԺţһģ
˵ҶҲƴϵļ˵
ţһṼҵģƴҶ׹ĻʱҲǳ˵
ʵҶܹоһڳƴ˵ûʲôôǮϾûǿ
ļգҶҲǶƴ˵ôĳ𲢲һ£ŵʱһҪסƲ¶ǵҪԼ֪𣿡
Ҷ׵ĻƴҲ΢΢ĵ˵ͷ˵
Ҷ׺Ҳ˺ܾòȥϢ
û뵽ƴڻصԼķ֮һºıʱýȻͬˡ˿̵һЩսƻĸо
Ǻǣ常
û뵽ǰȻҶΪӣҪѧǲˣûʲôõһڳ½һҶôѣ˵Ժ󻹻Ӻأ˵ţƴֱһмʮ׸ߵԺǽ뿪ĸۡԾҶҲǺѱġ
ȻƴϵЩ仯ҶȻǲ֪ģ֪ҲûʲôӰ졣Ͼƴ֮ûκϵĳͻ
СһһҪע⣬֮ĲУ֮ĲޡƺоʲôҶ׻صԼķ֮Ҳǻ˵
ĻҶƴϣҲֻҡҡͷ˯ˡ
ڶۡĴſڣҲѾˡ
ֻ˿̵ƽʱŻװǽȻͬ߻߰˸񾳵ǿߡ
Щθȥ̽Ѫħİ֣⻹һǻʾСɵĻѾڳˣ֮ǰͬǣ˿̵Ҷǰûа飬һĸо
Ҷ֪Ѿָɫʼع鵽ִ״̬ˡ
ʮСĻǰУĳҲ𽥳ǵߵУĴ£ûܵκӱ뿪˿
뿪ãǾͿһѾȴ·ߵǻʾߡ
Ҷҵһλ־ǿҲˣ迴˿΢Ц־˵
壡Ҷ֪ԼӦ˵ʲôϽ
Ҷ˶£־ǿҲǹЦ˵
һöʥҩѪˣ̵ʱֹס˿ڵѪҸļɣȻѣһ־Ǵֱʡ
ļʶһöѪֵʮڳˣ
㻹ôûҶ˵־ǿĺ󱳹Ц˵


һʮ Ѫħͷ
Ҷܹĳ־ǿ֮Ĺϵǳãõ˼޿ɲ˵ĵزͻȻԼǰѡȻǽӴʱҲǱ˴˵ȴǽʵʵ˱˴˵ĺۼ
ò˵δ֪棬֮ĸҲǱģҲô಻ʥԺЩֵ֮ĸ顣
־ǿܾ֮ٶҶҲĽһжǽԼʵ֮ϵģԼһǴ¾һȺֵҲΪԼܷ׷ԼȥԼġ
Ϊĳ˿ҡȻ㲻ȻҲԲЩ˵ͱļ壬ܹĻĳҺ滹һǿ֧
ɴ˿ɼҪңҪ˼ӵġ
ˣҪôˣһȴĺãһ뵽Լδĵ·ҶױҪ챨뷨ǽ齨һԼ뷨
ʲôֺأһ뵽Լ£ҶٻһЩС˷ܵġ
ʱ޿ûʱҶеЩΰƻƵڶĺ治ͣĳҶ״ӿŪĴѵҩ
ȻЩҩЩͨƷ֣ǶʳĴҶ׺˵ѾǲĴˡҪ֪ǰʳһʱҲҪԵʮͨҩ޵ʳһЩһʱҪһɵĺķѡ
ԴӾЩ֮Ҷ׶Ǯ֮ҲǿԽԽڳѾǧڵĶѾںˡȤҪһЩͨҲ˽⵽һﵽܹ֮Ӷܵ񼶱
ֻһǻѶȵӣеΣճ̶ҲԽԽͨ˵һܹɵġҶȻǳȤҲִС
ԼҹĲǰУǵг̺ܿʹﵽ˿ı߾
ֻѪħĲţѾս𸲸ǡһƬսҲżҵˣǴһ޴ļ塣żҾԵЩֵһˡ
ս֮ʣżҵĻǱΧһЩеİȫսһΪ򵥣ռйѪħϢԲżҵսЩᣬսҲѹء
ڽǷųȥսҪһƯֻ̡Ǿأƺǻ彫˳ȥȥִ
뿪߾֮һ֧СӿʼϵĳƶĿҶ֮ǰȥǸСһ·Ҳ·Ѿ¾һյĳкССĳԱѪħһȫµʶ
ûмǴĻǰ߲Զ͵ϴηѪ޵С򣬲֪СڱʲôˡҶվһСĸ֮ϳԶȥ˵
ţõģͿһ뿪Ƿ֮ˣ־ǿ֪ѾԼǰһȻ²ĿԶǸصС̲ס̾
ʱ򣬶֮һ񾳵ǿͻȻڲԶʲôҲ̾һԱĹע
ǰ˴ƬѪɫģ֪ʲôĪĶһָָһƬɽĳ˵
ҶװԼĿ⿴Ǹλһ۾ϳǸѪħǧң
Ҷ޷ЩѪħʵжǿҶȴܹоЩѪħĹԪ۷鵤СͷĿڰϡһǵޱȵΣ
һôڶѪħ֣бȻŸΪǿѪħǿߡлߵǱ
λǵѾ¶ӶӵȷʵѪħᣬǾԲܹǾһǾصɭ棡迴˿ѾԽԽѪħ۷˳ȥ־ǿǴҶ׵˳Ÿһɽؽȥ
뿪СѪħսǴǺЩѪħֻΪ費ϣЩѪħ̫ľΪпսС
Ҫ֪ѪħƣһսܱܿԽԽѪħ¾սûԮǾٲά裬ҲһСսʿһ㡣
ɨҶһ뵽ѪħĴУ˾ͱޱȵ͡ȫļɢǿͬʱ˫չ䵶һ뵽Ѫħģͺһٵת
תԭֱײѪħʱޱȻ䵶ոգ֮ҲѪħնɱһֱǿҲֱӴѪħвһͬһֱӲ˽ȥͣȡûϡ
һʱ䣬ԭǧѪħȻǿߴӶмһΪ
ߣǽΪնɱǶģǼȻ˾ͲҪ뿪ˣǿ߻ϵһʱͻȻѪħͷĿҲǴѪħĶ֮˳ֱӽ͸Χ˵С
һʱ䣬ԭѪħޱΣյܵأһС뵽ΣС
ѪȾӣһѪħͷĿһߣչ񹥡
һ䵽ǰ㳹ڻΪѪɫҺ壬ЩѪɫҺ廯ѪͬһצѪɫħ塣ЩѪ˿ͨѪˮûʲôͬϸȥȴܹЩѪ˵дǿĸʴãһմȾϾͺܿȫã֪ʧȥ
һѪħͷĿǿƽûԸǿ̬ȥȻôЩ³çɣһѡᱻ½ѪħΧţӶʧȥȻ뱻
ȭɽӣһѪħǰ㽫ԼֱϵļΪޱȹ⻬ľ棬ѪħĶѪ޷մȾϡ͵ĺһȭѪǵλá
ȻһȭʱѪ˻м֮ǿǻĺֱĳ˹ȥһӾͽѪħѪ˸û
Ҫ֪ǻʾߵѾ˱ƴﵽһµĸ߶ȣܹңԶչ֮ͨеǻʾǴϣ϶ԶԶĳ˱ǿߣӶ֮ľ롣
ˡһһѪħɵѪȻǰըʺɫѪ壬ȴʣѪȫûֱӽһѪħͷĿӲĸˡ


һʮ ͨĵ·
һͷѪħͷĿɱ֮һתͶѪħͷĿ
ѪħͷĿһọ̈̄е̶ճĴһ֮ϲͣĻţЩ֮ϻһԲεճͷ˿˾ʮֶġ
ЩѪɫճͷûʲôһԼϣЩճͷͻɷ̴̽ܺߵ壬ܿܺѪҺˮֶᱻһձһտӡ
ͬʱһͷѪħͷĿ˶ͷ­֮ϻһֵĿʩչʮԶڿ֮ϸǳһЩޱȷβݣŨŨĿˮӭϾһɶһ;ޱȵĶģһҪŻµĸо
ڶѪħͷĿĶģѪħͷĿȻ΢һЩҲòȥȫһĹǴ̣ЩǴ̸ֱһŹֵĴһƺһ־ܹԷȫ̴
ΪµǣѪħͷĿϵǴ澹Ȼһ˵ͷ­Щͷ­֮ȻѪͣһͷ­۾˶ޱȣǲԼôԵ޹ʵһ
ڵһѪħͷĿɱ֮ڶѪħͷĿѾΧҪΧɱڵ˵һһͬʱɱΪһ𵽻ɱĿġ
Ȼǻᡣ
罭ɽ迴ͷѪħͷĿлʱҲһ䣬ȫµļʱͬʱЩҲǷ֨֨ʹüˡ
ͷѪħͷĿͬʱֵĿľҪβܹˣβˣֱӲǵĹӲҲǾԵģǴżĻԡ
䡱һͷѪħͷĿҪþȫѪɫϽкΪʱ边ȻԼ˫չһɹ˫֮бȥһƾͺһǿѪħͷĿΪĽΪĻһ塣
һ̣ȫȻʼĻ⿪𽥱࣬ѪħͷĿҪնɱʱʧӰ١
һѪħͷĿʱЩ޴
ͬʱģӰͻȻһѪħͷĿı󣬴˿ֱ͵ͣ͵ƽʱĳ̶Ȳͣ轫ֱ͵һͣžݺݵĺһȭֱӴһѪħͷĿ塣
顱һѪħͷĿֱӱ˶ȭͷУеҪѪħͷĿͷĿֱӾͱȭͷ䱬ˡ
նɱ˵һͷѪħͷĿ֮͵һתڶȭҲ漴˳ȥһȭ֮ǰһȭҪͼ֡
ʱ顱һĵڶȭٴκѪħͷĿ
ҲΪĵԵЩƣʱԱ֧ԮǿҲǸǽ˳ĴѪħͷĿĽӦ˳ķȥ
ʱѪħͷĿҲں׷ᣬΪȱѪħͷĿǸ޷׷ʵԶԶǵˣһݵ׷н˸ʧˡ
һ־ǿ˵ߣҲȫһֱ֣ҲĬĴӿڴȡһЩҩ΢һЩƣ֮ϵ˿΢һЩ
Ҫ֪ЩѪħͷĿϵѪǷǳǿҵĶҩЩҩȻܹȴԸʴ壬״̬ԽԽտʼѪħͷĿͷɳͨѪħͷĿǾҪϵǵʼմһޱƣ״̬С
ȴںЩΪܹоЩѪħͷĿԸĵˡЩӿµĵ˻ںأ
ǵ·Ҫ΢޸һˣ߳ɭֿʼɽ֮дУҵһǳεڣҲǴԼĿڴȡһŵͼ˵
ҪȥС¹С򣬿λȴ¹Сһξ룬ξ;ܹܲ˳ˡ
ٿﵽ¹Сһ·һǹٵѪħͷĿҪͨǲܵģпսȫûԼָָָһΪߵĵ·˵
ôھʣ·ˣ·ֱˮ·ɽ·ſһ£ֽ˵еˮ·ǳӴпܳǻʼޣǱĻἸ΢΢
ߵһ··ҲΪߣʱĵ·˵ܵļҲģ·ΨһĺôǺѱ׷٣λѡһ°ɣ˵Щ֮󣬱һ߿ʼϢ
ϢҶЩƣǳһЩָĵҩȻʳҩ΢Щ˺ȴǻָսõİ취ˡ
λǿʼͶƱָߵǰ˵
ȻЩ˵־ǿľͬ飬ҪḻһЩѡ·ȻѡǾûзԵɡ
һѡ˻ѡɽ·
ΪǿȻˮ·ļҪСܶ࣬ˮ·֮⵽޵ļȴǴӡʱʼ߳ϡ
෴ɽȻļʴӣеǾ鶼ռ˺ܴһֵľءǴõĻЩջǿԹܵģ˻ϣԼС
ãȻĻǾ·ˣ˵ѡ֮û˵ʲôʰһ㿪ʼ·ˡ
Ȼһ·ϴôһЩ׸һʲôϰ˷ǳõĿ·áһֱЩСԱҵԼڵļֵˡ
ɽ֮Ǵһһҹ֮֮һ·̡ʱ֧ҪͣϢʱһҲҪеһ棬ҲҪɳڸѲһ£Էֹڸڲ֪⡣ⷽ˵־ǿרˡ
־ǿγȥʱҪСһЩʲôΣͷźŵǻϣ־ǿ뿪ȥ̽·ʱҲԴĵ˵
־ǿʽЦЦٶȼıǿ뿪ˡʱ黹ʣ²֮İ˸ˡ
˸˻ĸ˿ʼǵӪ̻һԼϢͼΡȻδܹʵԣϢʱȷʵ԰Ǿָ۷״̬


һʮ Ҫʬ
֮˲Ӫ֮⣬ĸǿ߷ΪԸѲߣʣµľҶףԼˡ
ĸ˵УΪ޵ģҪͳ֣Ҫֹ͵Ϯ֮涼Ҫչ˵һʲôطչ˲ܿ鶼ᱻϿ壬ȫߡ
ҶȻûбҪ飬е׼ʳĹ
էһܼ򵥣ʵȴźܴѧʡ
һ˵ʳζױ¶ԼٵģҪ׼ʳҪʳζÿ˵ķһһֺáͿڶΪҪʱԼ䡣ͬʱľ׼öѽʡʱϢӶӳ̶ϻԼ·;ս֮еƣ͡
־ǿЧʹȻܸߣһʱʱӪΧܴһƬΧѲһ顣ȻλʱǰȫģȴѾһѪħѾ泯߰ˡ
ȻЩѪħɽ֮߷ǳ㣬ǵٶȣʱ֮ڴﵽڵλûûġҲ˵ٻʱʱϢһʱʱ·
ȻѪħ»ɳѪħͷĿΪйסǡֻһʱ·ˣ
ףû뵽׼ĸζȪˮҲΪ׼ˣһϸĵ갡һʱ־ǿڵõҶ׼ôĸ֮˶úóԣҷǳģ˶Ҷ׵ĺøжʱҲࡣ
ʱڸѲߵıǿֻһ־ǿļҲʼϢˡһϢ֮ǾͿʽʼ·ˡ
ʱҶҲǵߡ
Ҷ΢ЩǵҲЦЦ˵ǲʲôҪң
ȻһЩ貢ҶףǼȻѾʲôҪѾǲˡͻȻҶǵĳ̶ѾԶԶ䣬ƺһ޷׽ĸоҶ׵ɢͻȻҶ׾ûбϿô򵥡
ǰҿĳȻ㲻ҪңûдŻȥεжƺѾ¶Ҳ׵ǼȻս֪ΪʲôҪȥִεأƺѾԼҶЩֵʵ
Ҫ֪ܹоһǸոտ¹СѾѪħˣȻ֧СӵҲǵ˵ԶԶǿķǸûзǶԷѾ̶ֳ֣ȡ
ôһμƻһ壬пǴҪĳЩһı
ǺǣҶףò˵ĺܴ˵ĺܶԣһһȥ񣬾ҵĺ־ǿҲѡ޷ΪʲôֻܹȨĽҶֱӵʵҲֻܹʹεһЦ̲ס˵
ҿ²ܹҾͶ˵һЩҲһЩɣ˿ʱһʱ䣬ֻ˵ǿһΪɱΪǿľǵۻʣξǴӺͶӡ
ӺͶΪλȨĵشǵ۽Ѫħһ֤ӺѪħйϵôӾͻ᳹ʧȥȨʸ񣬶ìܵġ
һ֮󣬶ӾȻͻȻЭҪһʾ޴ĺôҸĻѴӵһű¶ȨЭ㽫Ҹˡ
˵ҲǶһЩκͲ
ʲôսˣĻҶ׶ʱһֲ˼ĸоûɱôҵġ
սҸҾ뵽ⳡȨ֮Ҳ޷ͷˡҶ׵Ļٴξ
ס鲻ܹģֻҪȥǸСͿ뿪ˣںͲҪעˣ˿Ҷ˹ԼģҲΪε˵
ͲҪ˵ˣסһ뿪ǵĶҪŸԶĵطߣ֮ڶҪٽ뵽ˣ
⣬һһ⡭Ҷ׸о軹ڷܣ㻹ʵ
ˣ̸ȥϢһǾͳɣƺҶʵĵĵطʱҲʮε˵
Ҷ֪ԼŻԼߣûΪ裬һ˵һϢ
ʱʱգۼȥˣĴߴ£ٴγ
ΪдѪħ׷һ·Ҳû˵ʲôȫ·һʱ䣬ڿҪߵһɽľͷˡ
ǰһ޼ʵƽԭҲ̾Ϣһ
¾ҵ֮ˣңԶطһСԭͺܲϵ϶ʱֶһЩơ
Ϊһ·϶ǳСģ·Ĺ֮УǶûκ֮ǰǸ˶ûгֹһΣԶСҲǺһôžƺ֪һӷɱѾҪٵˡ
Ϊܹ˶棬ڽС֮ǰ˶˯һϣСӵ˽뵽¹Сˡ
Ҷף߰ɣ˿¿˹Ľ紦Ҳ̾˿˵
ôˣѵ㲻ҼǴ·ˣҶ׿ޱƣ飬Ҳ̲סʵ
ǰעһ֮·ͲҪˣ߰ɣĻ˵ķǳΣϸ΢ҶѾϤ¸֪˵ʲô
˿ԼߵޣҶҪ˵ʲôջסˡ
ǱذɣҶ׿˿ֻܹޱĺ޵뿪˶顣
Ǿ¹Сһг̣Ǿ¿˹ֻǼʱ͵ˣҶȫģҵ˿¿˹ж˴İأʥԺѧִҲҪҶٱ׷ɱ뵽ҲǷࡣ
Ҷ뿪˺һ·֮ҶͻȻͣ˼ǰ۵ĽŲ
Сһǲǲô׵ھ¹Сأ𿴵Ҷ״˿̵ıҲ̲סʵ
ţȻֻϵ常ЩȴһҴСû˸ףȻҴﻹ޷ôһ·常ǾôĿȥһġҶ׺ֺʲô顣˵ﻹӵܡ
ҪȥôˣԺΪ𣬶𣿡һҶҪ˵Ļȫ˵˳


һʮ ֵͬ
ţȻҲܹʲôʬܹһ뵽ҶϰٿڻĽҰⱩɹ˽һ²űּȡҶҲһ޷ܵĴʹҲҶޱҵҪԭ
ʱΪûͲ᷸ڶδˣ
ʬҪջ
뵽Ҷ׽ű㳯ž¹Сԭ·ءֻһ·Ҳ̫еĲͣĻҶұŵ顣
һ֮Ҷ׻ǽԼеʼָС
Ȼͬĵ·Ҷ׵ȴѾȫôһˡԽӽ¹СԽܹоӾ¹С򸽽һϢ
ѵսѾʼˣҶ𽥿¹СԶԶͿǧͷѪħѾ¹СΧסҲ΢΢һ̲ס
ʱͻȻ˵ͻᴫϡûиоԼбļ˵軹û
ҶҲǼӿ첽ž¹СλÿٵĿ
Źһʱʱ䣬ҶҲ˾¹СмĵطҶѾҪӱСˡ
ΪѾܹĿѪħǰ潫¹С򳹵ΧĳܹһЩѪħͷĿǸͣǻƺΪʲôԭԼǲûн뵽¹ССǼΧھ¹СΧȻֳһ˻ӣ̲ס顣
Сһ֪һܹ¹Сð취Ҷھ¹СΧֱţҲǺٺһЦԴص˵
ĻҶҲ͵һϲ֪ĸ֪ҪԼǿʮǵ¼ʮ׵ĵطʲôҲܹо˵а취͵͵뵽¹СǾа취ˡ
ǺǣСһ㻹ǴҶһϴӣҲΪܵ˵
취ܼ򵥣ǾǴһصȥҶױԺܴϣʱ˵˵
ʲôһصȥİ취ܹеͨһҪʲôҶԭΪ˵һʲôĺð취ڿ취ֱ޴͸ˡ
¸£Сһɱ취ãҸ㣬취Ǳһİ취Ҫ౶һһǳ׾ܹڽȥĵ·ѡ񣬾ԱŽȥҪһЩأҶױԼϷŪһԴЦ˵
ˣ㿴˵ţ㽫Ҷ׵תƵһط
ﾹȻһСӻͨСˮĸɳǳҶ׵ڵĻֻһӵʱܹ뵽Сˣ⻹ΪصĹƣҲ˵Ҷһ·϶һЩӲʱŻ
һ·˳ٶȿ൱Ҷ״һ·Сܽ뵽СˣȷʵŽСҪһЩ
Ǻǣǰû뵽ʱҲϷŪңðɣʵҲ㣡ȻϷŪһأҶȴûǽԼעתƵνСļƻС
ˣҵСӵĽСĺӵ׶ˣָ£Ҷ׺ܿҵһСӽСĺӵڹȥҶ׾ܹɵĽС򣬶ҲؾѪħˡ
šͨһҶҲ뵽һС档ֻһСӣҲôҶǱ뵽ˮױ㿪ʼźӵ֮пʼھ
ΪѪԵʣҶӵڶһޱȵɡ
һٸʱ䣬Ҷױ˳һӵʼĽ뵽С档ܿСˮĳλá
֮Ҷײûн뵽ˮ棬ѡһȽεĵطһڲŴ˳
֮ôǲϣԼߵʱױץסĻӪȼƻǳʧܣпܽԼȥ
ȻҶҲûбҪǰλõĵ£ҲܹΧľǵ̸Ҳܹһ
Ҷ׷صļʱλõ¸ʱҲŸոѪ޳ѨҪľǲɼһЩѪ޵Ѫ޳ѨһЩܹ֤Ѫ޳Ѩڵ֤ݡ
ʱļǻĴˮ߽Ѫ޳Ѩ
¸¸£ּˣ˵֮ǰɱҶ׵顣֮⣬־Ҳվߡǣ񾳵ǿߣһѪħͷҲڳ
ּˣҿϣһ˿棬Ժ󶼲ҪˣһЦӣ΢ƲƲ˵
裬ܹ뷨ǳȷΪҽȡԶʧ֮ϡʱ־Ա˵
־˵Щʱ᲻ÿЦһõĴ󽫾ȻѪħһñ֪ˣǿ¶֮صģ־ΪĻЩջʹ
ߵĻ־νİ˰˵裬ҿɵǼٵɵӶѾˣҲߵй¶ģ˵ǲǱȻأ
⣬һҪ㣬ڶȻǴץסѱҲڰһθӵļƻһƻɹ´ӽ᳹ױӴ壬ЩԺԶ޷ˣ˵־¶һź˵
־ΪҲܹμӣǾܹμҿǱűģҾҪһᣬ˻ùƺ֪ԼѾߵľͷҲһ͵ӣޱȵĸߵ
ֻҵһѣЩź迴źԼͬ־ǿҲ̾˿˵
ᵽԼ־ǿʮ̹ȻѣʵҲ׼һҪģĿľҪһ̣û뿪Ļôһ·ɣ˵ţ־ǿʮָпĴԼĿڴͳƱֽصļʮľóԼһ
žƣ־ǿȺȥ˵裬ⱲֵѾʮˣⱲܹʶԹ޻ڣ
˵꣬־ǿ㽫ƺȥ
־ǿĻҲǽľһ˵־ǿܹʶʮأۣͬҲ޺νԸͬͬ
Ըͬͬ˵־ǿһеľƱˤ˵ϡ
־ǿٶСӵҲͬʱս׼


һʮ նɱ־
ɱԶԷǿĻߣûаη壬ֱӱȥ
һҲǽԼļõĳ뻯嶼뵽ˮĻУһʱ߰˸ӰߵΧͣ
Һ־һһļǬתưɣ
ħͷ죬Ǹ־ǿͽˣ־һʱ־ҲתԱߵѪħͷ˵
ǷģôһССһǲеġ˵ѪħͷԸٶ־ǿǰ
ɫ棡𽥿ʱ־ʮĬĸڳһЩռ䡣űתһɹɺɫĻҲǴĿǻ³
ЩĻһӴͽеˮߣɴƬĺڿС
֨֨֨һɫĳȻһ̴źХ塣
ǺǣһѾˣ㻹Ҫһдңǳ룡û뵽龹ȻһӾͽλҲ΢΢ЩԾ˵
ѣͬʱҲһȭֱĴһɫ
ȻҶͨĸ֪һ棬΢ϵϼٶȸǱһ
ʲôٶȾȻܹﵽһǧΣҵʮ࣡輡ƵԶԶԼҶҲǸоһϢ
ʱһȭѾݺݵĴһɫĳ֮ϡ
ȭͷ֮ϵǿᴩںɫ֮ϡ͸䣬ȭͷֱкɫͷźɫ͵飬΢΢һǿһɫȫһ˿־Ҳǳߡ
裬ȻҷǳܹʹüҸܹݻ˳뻯һΪֻһ˺㵥ܲܽɱ
ҺһͼȻͬ˵ĩǲѾأ賯Ա߶ʱ־ѡһޱȵĽǶߡ
ȭ磡־һȭĿ˵ǷǳĺݶֱӱĿѡ˱п϶ֱġǶ裬־ûбһɱġˣ豻ԼһȭУ㲻ҲҪһƤˡ
ĺã־һȭѾϾҪԼϣҲûκξ档Ϊߵľ綼ǺͬһԶ̹һⲫǼˡ
ΪҪ־һȭʱ֮һȦȦȻһתȻһ׶εؿڡͬʱֱ֮ϼתҲŤ
ż洫һֹǺսԼսͬһżҴġֹȻȲϼֶȴȻܹ̼ǿ׳Ť벻Ķ
־һȭǽһȭİʩչ֮Ľϴﵽһǰδеĸ߶ȡ
ΪֵĽǶޱȵĵ꣬ûĿܣҾ־ɱУҲܶһεĳ֡貢ûж˼ǽԼǰصļΪһУ־һȭ֮ϵʱǰصļ⾹Ȼ־ֱ
Ȼʵʵ־һȭ־жҲǳױסˡ
ʲôҪͬھ־ٶ־ʱҲɫɷ׵˵
ͬھǱ㣬һ첲ģ˵ĹѾһȭ˳ȥֱӽض־һֱۣһһҲ֮ϵ
־һԤе־ҪԿ
־ͬǻСɵʵľԶԶ־ðƴ󽫾Ҫǿ١־ֶԸ裬Ҳûд㿿־նɱ裬Ҫ־ǣһ裬ӶҵɱĿܡԾ־˵ʱûô־ʩչӷڵλø
ಡ־һֱ۱ضϵʱһŷҲڶ
ضֱۣ־ҲҵĺеʱҲŹػĻᡣ
Ѫ׼־ֱ۱ضϣеѪҲǻһѪɫĺϡʱĹҲǴıϮ
Ǭתƣ豻־£ȻҲܵ˲˺Ǵ˿ҲǽǬתƸʹó
ܡǬתơĳɹʲߣ廹ǳֳһۿɼı״̬һʩչǬתƣͻ᳹ڡ
˿ʧô־Ľ־Ը⿴顣
ӣҴˣҾ͸ƴ־һ͵ϮĻᣬĹ־ʱһæˡ
û뵽ǣٴγıһ֪ǬתƵ֮
ֵ˲䣬ҲЦ˵־˰ɣһɱ㲻ֱܹˣֻܹѡĶѣɱ
Ȼֻһȭǵȭͷ־ʱȭͷ֮ϾȻ״ĹǴ̺ͼ⣬һȭͷͬһתĵƬһ־Ľһʱ־ޱҵļУѪֱӱʳƬ
־ϾҪˣ鲻ûаϵĲƲĳ־ڵķݺݵ˦һɫ泤
һһݺݵ־壬Ҫ־һ̵
軹и־壬Ц˵裬֪ǬתƷǳҲڵʵܹʩչǬתƶɹλȥɣ
ʩչֻһɫ泤һʩӵԶԶܹܵķΧһӺɫ泤ײ塣־ǳΪ˺ɫ泤ĵһʳ
Ǻǣ飬һʧˣںɫ泤Ҫ͸ʱٴγֱסһֱע趯̬ʱоһ䣬оһֲԤС
豻߼лѾʼΪʤʱ־ǿȴԽսԽࡣ
ȼգ־ǿ͵һһǿܴ֮ͬһɫľջһųͬʱҲսֱ
顱һѪħͷٴ־ǿݺݵĶһȭѪħͷû뵽־ǿʵȻһô࣬һֱ۶Ǳ־ǿֱӴ򱬡


һʮ ȼ
Ѫħͷֱ۱־ǿ򱬣ﵽǻʾ֮屾;޸ټĸѪ񹦣ֻҪѪκһ̵ֶʱ֮ڵõܡҲֻǱ־ǿһֱۣԴҲܹ»ָġ
¸¸£СӣΪһսܹɱңҸ㣬ǳ룡Ȼ־ǿһֱۣѪħͷ΢ЩԾֱۺܿ͸ԭʵûм٣ӵơ
־ǿӦԽԽѡʼȼѾѪħɱˡǼ־ǿڶԸѪħʱȻЩһϾҪɱʹо
ս쭣ѣ־ǿٴʩչԼսٴ
ò˵ʵȻѪħͷܶ࣬ǶƫʹýĻߡֻͨǳͣ־á
νǳָƫС־þܹסڵ˺ֵܹٵĻָȻ㣬ȴҲܹסĲ˺
ѪħͷһʼսʱѾԼʩ˿սˣҲѸ޸֫ĽĻҲôͽ˵ֱۻָġ͵ѪħսмǷıˡ
֫飡־ǿڴսʱѪħͷǽԼĽӵʱѾǱĺ־ǿѪƴ׼ԼֱҪ̵ʱ֮ڽѪħնɱˡ
СӣսٴֻҪ׼ҵ˫ۣҲҪҸɱģѪħͷ˿Ѿ뵽һֲ̬ķ˫ֵ׼ѪɫǹһĶѪħ汬
˵ΪǺԤףʱģ־ǿʤ
һ־ǿս֮󣬷ӦҲǿ˺ܶ࣬ҲֻܹһǴ̳ǹǵ˵ڶǴ̳ǹѾ޷ˡ
ۡһһǴ̳ǹֱӽ־ǿ̴ɲ֮־ǿܵش
־ǿԼֵܾȻܵ˺˿Ҳǲٵ
ȻԼǺ⣬־ǿΪġ־ǿ֮ǰͱɱ¾Ҳġһ边ȻһеĳѪħͷ˹ȥ
¸¸£һˣѪħͷ־ǿ֮󣬿ƴĳڵλ˹ʱҲһЦ˫ȾȻҲʼȼ
գ֮䣬ҪѪħͷǰʱѪħͷһ̻һ˸ӿ͵Ѫɫǹ塣
΢ֿһ£ȫٴαɱ״̬ʧѪħͷĸǰһ־ǿߡ
һӽ̽־ǿĹǹֱϣ󽫴ѵֹѪҩҪǮͿĨ־ǿ˿֮ϡĭ˵ʵ̫࣬־ǿȫĭҩ־ǿͺһСһЦ
ϧһǰѵܴ˿Ѿûȥ˴˳ЦԷˡ˵һսǵѾΪˣ
־ǿĻǻֵܰɣ㵹ķʽֹѪҩͿĨ־ǿϣ־ǿȻѪֹʱЩʵ˵
ãҪһˣ־ǿһק壬͵ĳǰһʱһѪħͷһֱӸ
šۡһ־ǿ屻ֱӴһ޴Ѫ嶼ķ飬ѾûκλĻˣ
־ǿҸƴˣ迴һҲǱޱȵķ
ȫ汬˿ǲһУʱϵļⶶļֱ֮ǰʮļÿһһϵ˿ڡͬʱҲսֱ˽ʮӡ
һ㣡
ۡһѪħͷߣȭͷݺݵĺųӵв֮Ѫħͷֱӱ򱬣÷飬Ӷһء
ܾôŹ費ͣĽѪħͷҪλȫԼֱӾͱһѪħͷˡ
ʲô⾿ʲôôô̬ʵȻֱ˽ʮʱЩɵˡ֪˿̵ԼĶ֣뵽Ѿ뷨
ϧٶʮǰҲֻǱ˲ôܶù׷ɱʱߡ
˿̵ӣ۳˿־壬ͺ񿴵˵ķǰһ
ʵҲȷʵˣ˿̵Ϊȫϱըˣԭ˶ļѾ˿ӿݵ˺ۡѾ˼׹¶ĺۼ֮¶׹ǵĵط͸ˡµȫԡѪͺһѪһ
ǼˣȻսûаʹĸо
飬֮սô֮꣬һȥɣ˵ţ边Ȼſһڱҧһֱۡ
֨֨֨
ٽֱ۵ٴ׷顣
һ첲
֨֨֨
żⱻġ˺ˣһ첲ֱӱ˺Ե
轫Ŀٴζ׼һ֮ϡ
˶񶾵Ŀ⣬ĺˣ
裬һʹɣҲĥˣ㣡˵ţһޱȣδκĵ龹ȻĹ
Ѿ֮ǣûһҧȥֱӽһֱӸ˺ŹֽĿ׼١
ĲĥĿвϵķҽС
һĥڱһ
ٴγЩ񾳵Ѫħͷ­ʱЩ񾳵ѪħͷĿҲǱնɱ
ڣûн

ʱͻȻ־ǿʬ쳤Х
ʵһʼʹնɱֽҪһײܹԿ־ǿܹΪҲޱȵİա
־ǿȻˣҪһֱս󡣡˵ţ㱧־ǿʬǿ߳ž¹Сֽⷢ档
Ҫ֪ǵǽѼϴһ붼ûɣҲǸԼļĨڡɲԼ֮ǰҪһ۵ԾھƣҲûзȻһַս״̬С


һʮ ɱ
ɱ˿Ѿû˹ȥŷȣޱĿ⣬־ǫǫ̬ȡ˿еֻɱ¾
Ǿʱһ޴ӰǼ޴Ӱָֻͷ΢΢һ㽫סˡ
սôôǿ󣡡
ԣ˱ս˲٣仹Ҫʮ꣬ʲôˣ߳һӾͽƷҶʱҲ͵һš֪ѾԼˡ
ߵĿҲֻڸ΢ɨһ£˵裬ΪͻľԲҵı⣬Ǳ£ҲǶӵ⣬һϣֻܹأǱ͸䣬ȥɣ
͵֮£Ҹˡ
һץ㽫ŵļǿץпʼ߳С
ȻߵӰǳãٶȴôĻ쵽ֻѾ߳˾¹С
˿ٶѪħǰҲһȺ϶ѡ
ǼˣѪħĲӬһߡ
𣡡Ҳûж˵ʲôֱһƱʮѪħ
ߵΧٴγһȦȦɫƣŷĵѪħȫѪ
ٴӰգۼʧҶ׵ߵС
ʥߣߺޱȼ˵
ҶѾû˼ȥעʥߵĶ򣬶ƴ潫־ǿװָת뵽ˮС
ܿСϿǳһʥߵӰ
һӣʥѪɫĻضű˺һȱڡѾûһڣת뿪ˡ
ʱҶѾʧھ¹С򣬿ǵзʥǿѹȸлѹڵطʥ뿪Ҷײһ
ϧǴ˿̵־ǿѾ͸ûκƵĿˡ
ˣһǽǸɣ
ϣһһǵʬ壬տڿʼҵĹ档飬ҶҲѾ˽ķǳ־ǿѳ˵Ҳһ֡Ҷȴ޷ǵʬͻرˡ
ⲻ룬Щ˸ͲϣķǿĶӸǶ
ӻҵʵҵʵɳ㹻Ӱһҵˣٹʱˣ뵽Ҷ׸Ͻӿ첽žˡ
ʱΪ㹻ĵҩڻھ֮޺ľ綼׷̤鵤ɵľ磬սҶࡣľ绹ǳٳͣ鵤ɵľ磬ƺҪһʱܹͻ鵤ɣﵽ۷塣
һ뿪뵽¿˹֮Ҷ׵ΣվͼĽˡ˵Ѫħļʼ㣬һЩʥԺѧЩᷳġ
Ҷ״޺ſ¿˹߾ȥʱͻȻʥԺѧ
ʥԺѧһţƺģͺүһǿҶ״ЩòŽģ⼸ʥԺѧҲǴһֹۿ˵͵̬ȡһҶױСӣվסһ£ֻ޾ʲôأΪʲôô֡
ͷǸʥԺѧĻ˵꣬ʥԺѧȻЦ
ϴЩˣȥСϵǮȫ˵ҶһջӣһʥԺѧǴŻЦ˵
ãҿҲСһʥԺѧ͵
Сӣʵһ£ȻǰɱҲ˹ܣЩᱻѹεģ
⼸֪ʥԺѧǴĶΪͨʥԺѧԱ·׼ȷ˵ֻܹΧѧԱǵִȥƭƭЩ֪Ĵ򻹿ԣҶǾˣ
ѹΣȤҵҪ˭ѹҵĶǸղ˭˵ˣҪԼ죡ȻҶһϲԴСޱȲʥԺΧѧԱҶֻܹʱѧԺһˡ
⼸û뵽ԼûаҶŵҶвһʱ䣬ǶʱҲǷŭǸͷʥԺѧǾԼܴܵһһͳҶס
ϧʵ鵤ڣһȥͱҶһץסֱۣһŸ߷˳ȥ
ҶױʥԺѧǰֱӽӵץҿһʮǽʵʵġգ֮ò㲻ʥԺѧͱͷˡ
үǣԼԼϴ󱻱⣬С֪ԼߵˡǸϽҶ׵ǰ׷׸Լ졣ҲǽԼͨ죬мӡҶ״ϴ̫ˡ
һʱ⼸ʥԺѧʵ࣬ǵϴҲʵʵվƾҶ׷䡣
ʵôһҲҵҰǲǲˣ⼸ʥԺѧԹվԼǰӣҶٴʵ
үҪΪ˳ʶģǸյ·ˣҪŪǮȥ̲ŻôģȻ⼸˱ȽϿɶ񣬵ҲһȽһֱǺ棬ֱҶʻʱŸվ
ţҾǣЩͨǾʵѾɱˣ
ˣǼȻոմʥԺѦ׶𣿡Ҷ뵽֪ԼǼҲԴʵ
Ѧ׶Ǹǵɱѧ𣿡һѦ׶֣⼸˵ϴ̲ס
ʲôɱ᣿һʥԺѧĻҶ׶ʱ
ģ˵ɱϴϲһŮѦ׶ɱ˲һЩĦ֪ôˣ˵ʥԺѧҲЩε˵
ȷʵֻһΧѧѣܹ֪ЩѾܲˡ
ˣҽҶףǼסҵ֣Ѧ׶ϴ󣡡⼸ʥԺѧһҶװɱĵСģҶ׶ʱҲǴε˵
ΪԼ˵ԼҲʥԺѧǷģĻ˵꣬⼸ʥԺѧͺһƴܡҶһٰǴſ£ǻܵĸԶ⵹Ҷ׶ʱЩ
˵ܵôѵǼ𣿡⼸ʥԺѧһɫɷ׵ӣЩε˵
ͣͣǼˣڱҶٴץסһʥԺѧ߶µ˵
ǸȽʵʥԺѧȽϴ߳˵ѧ֪ѦǻصѧԺ֮ȥ㣬֪ѾˣΪǸŮ˺ü졭


һʮһ ԼӴ
Ѧ׶鵽Ƿаɢҥԣͷа·ִɱ˸ˣҾͲ֪ˣҶ׵ɫԽԽʥԺѧҲԾıˡ
ʲôʥԺѧĻҶ׶ͷ϶ʱ˴Ƭĺߡû뵽ԼֻڿʱȽϳһЩȻѾҥԣЩˡ
ЩҶǲϱ¶ġЩʥԺѧߴߴһЩ;˵ҲȷʥԺ׷ʲôˡֻܹѡʥԺˡ
ôȥˣҴʥԺɣҶԭѵһЩĿ˵Сӣһ뵽ʥԺ淢飬û˼ˡ
Ȼ֮ǰҶףЩʥԺѧ䶼Сʮ꣬СĲʮ꣬Դֲµ䣬Ҷ׻ܹĳǶһЩ̵ĶӡǶļջǺЩҲ֣Ҷױ㲻ٺ׷ˡ
ܿǱ˿¿˹С֮вһЩƷͿʼʥԺˡ
һ·ҶҲǺ⼸СӴĻȣ·ֻصԼͯʱ⡣ڵҶôģҲϾǸʱˡ
ż֮ǾͻصʥԺҶһصʥԺԼᡣȻѦ׶űڴϣûд˵ôضѣǶһȣЩࡣ
СڻˣϴΪ㾹Ȼһ񾳵ǿ߷ͻˣûº֢һҶ߽ᣬ˽ҲЩջ˵
һıףа¸黹øӵļֵġ
ʲô˵Ϊа²ŵþȣҶ˽ܵĻʱҲ΢΢һ˵
ǰܹĳа¶˼ŪþǷа°ųģ㲻ҲǷаµΪֺŵ飡Ÿ۵ʲôʱǷǳǵģҶЩɻӣҲǲϵķ
ţȷʵֿܣȻҪֺһӣʱȾһ룬һһҪҪ뵽Լһ·ϵľҶҲʮֿ϶˵
ŶСλ֮ı䲻ٰ˵ɣʲôҪ飿һҶ׵ĻѦ׶ƺоʲôһӾʹӴ˵
ԭѦ׶˻϶ѾˣΪҶ׻ʱ򿴵ԼΪ˲Żٷõҩһٵġ
Ǻǣ˵صҪһԼҶԼλϻĺһڲˮ˵
Լʵã
㹻ĲӦЩǮһЩˣĻٶǮҲǷֽѣôӦôʲôطʼأŸһҶ׵ƻҲǼΪ޳ɵ˵
һ·ѾˣȽԼ̻ᣬԼľùܹõĽǴʵʽԴ
֮⣬ǻҪԼĹᣬһЩ˲ŰﵽʥԺռ֮صʵҶһ㽫Լŵ뷨˵˳ʱҲ΢΢һ㶣ܿǱ˷
ò˵ҶƻȷʵǳС
Ҫ֪ʥԺΧȻд̣ľҲǺܼҵģÿ춼һЩ̹رգǾעʵĻᡣǼҶûб֮⣬˶вټҶ׻ʱʶĸʥԺΧѧǵ̻Ҫ̽ûġ
Сڿǰϴķͷ˰Ҷ׸Ϊϸļƻ֮Ѧ׶΢ЩεҶ׵ļЦ˵
ⲻҲǱƵٲȥõĲƸչԺʲô飬ǻҪɵ۵ģѦ׶ĻҶҲε˵
ţȷʵΪʥԺӱԭҲҪʵѧԺĳϣܹõʥԺ֧֡뵽Ѧ׶Ҳʮ˵
ôһ˵Ҷ뵽ʥԺԺǵһԺȥּҵʱӡ󻹲ܹȥԺϵ˵Щ;뵽ҶָԼһҪ顣
ˣС˷аµ֮⣬˫ƺҲ˫ٵйϵֻһֱҲڲŻᣬһֱӵڡ
ܹоһֱڹ۲ǣ˵һлͻ֣˫ʱǱҪӱСİ۵ʱŸٴ׳һֵ˵
ţ˫ȷʵҲһ⣬ھ͸ܹɱìܣҪ躹ˣҶҲʮ޳ɵĵ˵ͷ˵
ȻɾҪ죬ҼʥԺмϣȻҺƽʱǾһҸ׵ĹϵȴǷǱѰȥϼ棬ǰżõλãѦ׶αҵһһ˵齨ĻҲߵġ
ЩѧԺҲʶһЩѣǶǴ̻ĵӣȥǸϵŪһЩԴ˵ţ˽Ҳ뿪ᡣ
ȥͼݶһЩϣ̻϶ҪһƷм˵ţŸҲҶ׵ʧ
ֵô飬ҶҲǳ˳ɾ͸Сڿ־ǿ֮еŨŨ֮ӵôһֵܸǳο
˶뿪ˣҶҲ׼ȥʥԺԺˡ
ȻҲôɣΪԼһȥʥԺİ칫ܹҵԺԶȥԶҲԺġ
ܿ죬ѧԺ칫֮Ҫеʱ򣬶ʱ񾳵ͨѧԱȥ·סˡ
ǻʾ֮ҪһɳʾƣҶ׵ľ֮һͨѧԱ˵
ҪԺҽʥԺʱҵȨҶ֪ԼܹӲ˵
ҪԺҶ׵Ļܶԭ·ͨѧԱͶĿ⡣ҲЩ˽˵ʲôԲĻ˵ҶҪԼļߺţǸҲǷ׷
Ҷȴû⣬Ȼ˵վȴѧԱĻش
ŶѧԱû뵽ԼȻôһѧԱȻֱԺԺһ¶վҲԺ⣬ͨѧԱ˵ѧԱʱԺȨҲǺˡ
һ룬ϾʥԺϵİ칫һ˵ǲڵģҶ˵ҲüȻԺȨȥԺʱԺ˼ˡ
˵ѧԱ㳯ʥԺ칫ȥ


һʮ ټԺ
ûãҶ׾ͿǸŵıѧԱͷ󺹵˻ոܵҶ׵ǰ㽫һƽҶ˵ԺƣڿԽԺˡ
ô죿ԼһƣҶҲǾЩ˼顣ȻԺͬԼôԼȥûˡ
뵽Ҷױƴҡڵ˽ȥ
ȻԺ칫λãǰ칫ôҶҲǺܷ㡣˼֮ҶײһλҵԺİ칫
һ뵽Ժİ칫棬Ҷױ㿴һϡŹֵİװƷлһЩݺ͹ڷġ޴İ칫棬һͷ׵ƷŲˮʱĻС
ϸһⲻҶɽ򿴵λ
ٴολߣҶ׵Զ˼־ζû뵽ԼǰһͨһľʥԺԺȻֻǷԺԺʵҲɲ⣬ҲԺʲôΪ硣
ԺҶǰݻᣡ˵ҶױԺǰʩ
ֻҶ׵ڶμԺԺĸȴڲ֪֮ࡣǿ̫Խϲǰ΢ЩЩ͵ߡ
СһôϷˣԼЩ۵СһʥԺҲһߵҲǶһЩЦݣҶ׵̬ҲǱȵһμ΢һЩ
Ȼһȥ£û̫ʱ·ϵ󣬲ŻҶ׶ЩͷͬϢҲҪֻǺֿµ꾿ɳʲôزˡ
ԺôһʣҶҲ΢΢ü֪ز©ǰǧֵܹ̫ģĻòԷĺøУҪԼӡһҶԺǰһ̸е̬ŻöԷ߿Լһۡ
ǺǣԺǰ㲻㣬ʹϵģҶָ֮¿ʼ·ˡ
ŶʹϵɷǳôʹϵأҶ˵ĻҲǹͷͣĴʵƾͺ˵ĲԾҪƨɵӡ
ߵĿⶢϣҶ׿Ѫֱĳ棬ʱҲǾûڣ񱻵һ
΢ʩչϵļٴηȫһ˵
ŶҶ⼸¹ȥȻгĽֻǵõʲôֻǰΪҲ̾˿װҶҪ˵Ļ
ȻˣܹʶԺңܹͨԺǰƼʥԺҽĪҫΪ˸Ժǰ⼸ҲûûҹֲпĲɱӶøΪʵս顣
ʥԺ֮еʵȻǾΪˣҲǱȺܶҪǿ˲٣Ҳӡ֤ԺǰӢǵ۹⣬ԺǰҪǰҶûйҵȻ˵ЩʱҶҲǾʮֵʹѵдļƤعԺҶ׵ĻȴǼΪá
ҶװЩ˵֮ǹЦ
ߵķӦҶҲЩֵĶ˵ǰ㲻˵ظЩ֮Ժжʹ飬ڵȴǽȻ෴
ߵķӦҲЩԣҶһҺ֮£ֻܹε˵ԺȽ⣬ӦȰɣ
ȻһޱˬʵЦǿĵ˵СһҺþûôЦЦˣò˵һ˵ȷʵҽҵϵˣ
ֻʥԺкܶԺҲò˼ɣ˵ǵ˫
Ȼ˫ʲô˫ȴǳǿĿǰ˵ܶҲǲϸ˵ʱҪ˫̫ҵĳͻʲôΪصĺ
Ȼ˫ҲǲĴڣֻҪ΢˼һ˫죬ֻССӦòʲô⡣
飬ʲôҪֱҰɣֻϣ㲻Ҫ̫ңĻ츳ĳɾҲߵȥġ
ҵĳޣʵҲ˫һЩϸ˫ǸܾܿʹҶҵף֮ڻԻΪҪ̫ƺҶ׵ĺܶ鶼˽⣬ҲǼΪĵĸ
лǰָ㣡ҶױԺʹϵû뵽ԷԼ˽ԤĻҪ࣬ͺ߸ܵһ
ҶԵޱȵˣ
ҶԴãԴصЦЦ˵СһڿҶ֪ˣֵĲȷʵʥԺˣҲͽ뵽ҵİ칫档
ֻǺȷʵЩаһ뵽Ҳ¶һ˿Ĳ̡
ۡһҶ׶ʱˡ
һϰߵǰֻһСëӣ˶أ
ߵĻҶҲ̲סʵԺǰ㾿˶ãΪʲôǰڳһϹŶӣ
ȻҶ⻰˵ҲЩսľ̲ס˵˳
Ҷ׵ĻҲһϢԺͻȻ쭡ʵϴ˿ߵɫҲԵĸࡣͻȻ̲סЦԴѵ˵Сһ̫˶Ҫ֪ҵ䣬㲻֪㷴һ£һ֪ģ
ˣǵ̸͵Ҵ͸ƾͿʱңϣ´μʱʵȲ˵߱㿪ʼˣ
û뵽ߵɫô죬Ҷ׶ʱҲЩܹо߶ԼƺʮֵĲԸҲֻܹˡҶ뿪֮ǰٴʵԺǰܲÿζô㣬̫ˡ
ǺǣСһðɣԺ˳ϾУҶһ޹ӣֻܹε˵
ĩ˻һ䣬˶ĵطҪԺġ
Ҷ˳ϵĻҲĵ˵ͷ뿪İ칫һ·Ҷ׵鶼Եʮֵá
һ뵽˳ϵľ棬Ҷ׻ǾԼҪʵ̫ˡ
ӦȥôˣҶһ뵽ɱᣬԼӦȥ˵˵ɱ飬ûʲôõע⡣ͬʱҲҪһˡ
ǾǷá
ȻҶ׺Ӵĺ٣ȴֱռ壬ŪķöʲôһγһܹĳޣҶȻ̫ŪñǰҵͷӶʣµġ


һʮ ׹
Ȼֱ˲һµʱ䣬Ҷ׻ļǵסֻܹĶһЩϡʵ꣬һЩӢѧԱסѧԱеҶһƵĻ޷ɳġ
ͬʱһСɵ֮Ҳǿľλõġ
һ·֮ҶױһǳµԺǰûпһסѾ԰ĴɫԺչһЩĻ㽫Ժܴ֮򸲸ǡ
û뵽СӲһ²ͱôŮˣһס֮⣬ҶҲ̾ԼƷ뵽סŵİ֮У󷨱Զ֪ͨˡҲǿԸ˵ԸȨޣƵ˲˵ͽ뵽סլС
ȻҶױǻеȨޡ
¡һʯűĴ򿪣ӳľһƬﻨľ󡣲ò˵Ļֱ˼ɾͨѧԱסֹѲ֪Ҫ϶ٱˡ
ѵǾӢѧԱסĵطҶ߽Ժ俪ʼķ羰˵ֻһССԺѾһЩ̼ͥԺˣٱҶסϰٱ
סһ¥õĲȫǳѩɲʣůһܹ㼯ֻ֮Чط
Ҷ΢һʵĿоȫһˬԼƣᱻһɨһ
׸磬Ҷ׳ԼǰһӾ˽Ҷ׵ĻҶ׶ʱһֱĸоϽѵ˫һ˵һҪġ
һ飿ʲô°Ȼֻвһµʱ䣬ͱøŮζֻһɰѾͷˡԼǰȴȻһһҶ׶ٻЩͷʹġ
ǲǺһаµȽаȻķ羰֮£ҶײԸ˵һЩɷ羰Ļ֪ЩҪ˵ġ
һҶ׵Ļ΢㶲а£׸磬˵ǸаǲǾɱĻ᳤
ңʦҪ̸ҺܶණҪġһǸ˵֣Щᷳ˵
ˣ֮ǰң˵ǵ˴׶ҵǸҲ֪飬ȥʱ׶Ѿñˣɱ׶һЩǮƣǽ鰲
Բûܹչ˺ãΪҶҪûҶ˵ȸҶ׵Ǹˡ
ίӣҶֻͷ˵ɵѾͷ޹أ㣬ǵʧ»㲻Ҫ㣬Ҫģ
ҰæҶ׵Ļ΢Щȵ˵
ѲҪԼа³һսɣ˵΢Щĵ˵
Ҳ˼ֻҪһ棬˵ܹεᣬɱʵ̫ǿȥʥԺķչһϰһЩզĻҶֻܹ͵
Ҷ׵ĽͣҲ˿˵ĻһܹæЩҲҪ㣬ֻǲ֪ʲôʱܹ
ɣԼһʱ棬Ǿܹˡʮֿĵ˵
ڷаµ׷Ҳǲ֪˼Ҷ׵ϣûʲôоġ
ãֻҪԼصʱ䣬ʱԼȥˣϾ֮黹ҪһЩռġ룬ҶֻܹһǹûʵɲǸȥ
Ҷײϣ÷а¿ޱܵӣĻа¶ıӷġ
뿪סҶ׽Ӧȥˡ
ϾҪԼ뻹ҪӶ֧֣ǲִܹͨ˲šҪӶγõĹϵҪڹۻһõ
ֶɹײͬõףȴṩһֵͨ˵õԽִ࣬ĽԽ࣬һЩĽΪõĻ۽˵һһӶ۵㹻õδķչҲһİ
ʥԺҲкܶԼ񣬵ӶҲʥԺռ˺ܴһֵıҶ׾ǴԼĿ񹤻Ҫһñ֤¼ġһӵ¼Ҷ׺ڵõ¼棬ܹȡ
Ȼü¼̫ܻܿή֮ĽпܻӰ쵽ܹܵµӶֱںм֮ڶԽ
ˣһЩŶӽеǼǱĵط˻СŶӽǱߣҶҪ߽Ӷİ칫ʱһӶִ߹Ҷ˵
ŶִԴĻҶҲ΢˵ôûעӶ飿
ִôһʣҶ׶ʱһĿʱֻ鵤ڵִ»һһƨڵϡ
ûУûУ룡ʱִ²ŷҶ׾Ȼ鵤ɵʵ֪ԼһꡣҶ׻ûϽЦݵĽҶ״Ŷӵȼ򣬲ǳϸĵĸҶ׽˺ܶϸڲ뿪
ִô£ҶҲûٺƽϡִµİûǲҶ׶ථ˲֪ʶ˺ܶྭ顣һ·ҲǽԼӶŶӸ
׹ᡱԼеűҶȻҲǺ⣬ǼȻ־ʱţȵǹᷢչ׳󻹿ȡһЩ֡
Ŀǰ˵ǹԽǵ͵ԽáҶ״Щֽ֮һĳǳ׽׹ɹʱҪִˡ
ˣҿĹŸոճҪҪӶһЩϵ֧أҶ׼뿪ӶʱͻȻһòŮӳҶ׵󻺻˵
Ŷ˵˵ʲô񣿡ȻҶײûбĻ򶯣ʮԸͣŮ˵ʲôݡ
ò˵ŮӳʮˣĲô¶·һɫȹ϶ᱻΪŮ·ˣһ޳Ա¶·ҲûнԭеľòڣħĸԵ
Ҷ׶ŮɫûʲôоǿôŮӣ̲ס࿴˼ۡ


һʮ Э
λ㣬԰ܹṩİϸ˵һ£ܹɹʶأȻҶײΪŮܹԼٺôҪ˽һеݣʲô洦
ϾĹǸոճｨлҪİСʱԽܹȡԴİԽǶķչа
ǺǺǣɣҶױԼĻˣŮ϶ЩʧǽҶ״һǳŵķ档ŮӵһָŮ̴ӱһЩʳ͵ĹƷ
Ů˵㶫Ż˵Ҷ֪ĴڿΪִеʥԺķֲõ˲ٺôڷڿЩʵЩ飿
ҶעṤʱõѦ׶֣ȴûгڹУΪһЩ⡣
Ůӵ⣬ҶҲ΢ҡҡͷ˵ʵЩǵ鱨ӦûᵽŶԣͲһشķΧ˰ɣǺģǱʵġ
˵ҶҲԵЩջ
Ǻǣ㲻ҪȻ㲻˵ҾͲʣ̸̸ĺɣ˵ţŮӱ㽫ֺݸҶ˵
мֺЭ飬һЭҪǰڸǹṩٵķ֣ͰǹִʱɳһЩоӶЭ񣬴Ӷǹٶȳɳ
һЭΪƽģҶ˫ǳֻǰǹĶı겻ܶ࣬ǹᷢչĲĻЩʧǿֲͨģ˵ŮӽһЭһЩָҶ׿˿˵
ǵڶЭ飬ЭҪǹеĴӶĻ㹻ǹѹ
ЭִͨͣǹӶϵҵɳһַЭҲԵĻҲ˵ǹ̫ٵĻ޷ʱЩġ
Ů˵˲Э飬Ҷ׻ǾõһЭȽʺǹķչϾǾδչ飬ҶײԼô㽫һЭߣ׼ȥֵܿһõľ
Ҷ״Э߿ŮӲŶ˻˵ˣ𣿡
ŮӵĻ˵֮ͻȻһŨŨĺɫϢͻȻŮǽڻ͸֮γһģͷ
ͷ˿ԼǰŮӣЩʧ˵⣿ǿЦʵ̫ˣܹɳܹҵҪ󡣡
ͽ㴦ˣ˵꣬һɺɫϢ㳹ʧ֮С
˿ҶҲ˳뿪Ӷᣬ֪ǸŮ˵ʱŮӵıȻһΪֲĴڡһξԴҲһ֪ǾԼǲ֪Ľ뵽һδ֪嵱С
ֻԤУûʵݣҶһ뿪Ӷ㽫Ԥӵһ߲ȥˡ
æһ֮Ҷ׺˼ͬʱصᡣһ⼸ѶӣҶױ֪ǽ촦鶼ǳ˳ʱѦ׶һ˵ˡ
ȥǸҵļƻǳ⣬һңҸҲϣܹʥԺ֮нԼȫ֧ǣѦ׶һ˵һ˷ܵıȻţƺѾԼҵ۹𲽵
Ѧ׶ѻ˵֮󣬾ֵ˽ˡ
ҺǼҲһĽǶǵļƻҲǶǷǳĸȤϾǶҪʲô鶼Ҫ֣Ҷ˵׬ȻãʧҲ̻ĺˣѦ׶ѻ˵֮˽ҲǸǴ˵ڶϢ
ߣڲ¥Ҳʶ˼ӣȻѧԺʽѧԱֻͨѧǶһЩ챦ȴһ̵ļ⣬һǰתΪʽѧԱҲ̾ʹӦ˽ܰѻ˵֮ŸҲ˵
ˣἸ˶˳ҶҲԴ˷ܵ˵ȥԺ
ȻҶ׽촦鶼ȽϷǺҲġҶ׵ĳɼ֮˶ʱԼɾҶǰֱˡ⵼Ҷ׸ո˵꣬Ҷһĥһֱ˶ֹˣǲͣ
ߣȥ¥һ٣ʱѾˣҶҲ˵
һҶ׵ĻѦ׶ŷӦҶ׿ڿִһ߼񡣹Ľʮڳ𣬱Щܺ͵õĽҪҶ˵ԼҪͣ̾ͰϾ۲͵ĵص㻻һߵεľ¥һ¥ǾͿʼͣ˵ʲôʲôʱҲҶЩʹ
ǿʼŵ˵ʱʱ߽һˡҶȻڴͷļ鵤۷ʥԺѧԱʶȴԺŵڶ൱˱ȽϤ˺Ȼ˫˫Ӷˡ
һҶ׵ˣ˫ϽܵΪ׵Ǹӵߣ֪˵˼ʲôҲͣ
Ŷûв´ĻǾѦ׶˰ɣӿ˿Ѧ׶΢ЩıЩʵ
ô˫ˣһ˫˫ӾȺУѦ׶ҲǿʲôЩֵʵ
Ǻǣû뵽㻹Ǵ˵˰ɣҾҪǣ֮ǰȥʱûм˫Ķ٣˵Ĵ˫أȻֻ鵤۷ʵ֮͵ɱȴ˾ȱ񾳳ڵǿ߻Ҫ¡
˫ҺʲôطɣϧѾˣʵ˽ǿ˼ڤ˺һӣһԴװȻ˵
˽⼸̵Ļʱɫ͵һЩõ˵Ѧ׶СǸùܹܡ
֪Щ˵еϴΪ͸ʥԺΪΪʹˣ˫ǰǼҲǲΪģ
ǻһЩҪףٵǲôưոݵģƣ˵ӱ˫һϵ¥һ档
ףҿǻǻһҾ¥ѣԼֱ̫ˣ˵ţ˽ܱһЩ˵뵽ǰЩ챻ɱᱩĳ͸ӵĲ
˽ܵĻҶ΢΢ҡͷ˵ЩߵбӦӭѶϣһζĶԲǵԸ񣬼Ȼѡԡ


һʮ һõʱ
ãͳ仰ͦ㣡Ѧ׶Ҷ׵ĻǺĵ˵ͷһ¥ϵİ䣬ѡȡһ˫벻Զһѡ
Ѧ׶ô֧Ҷף˽Ǻԥĸȥͦ˸Ӿͺһһлһ󳴹ոõʲôһ
ȥŸҶףһţһȥȻŸҪѽһЩ뷨Ҷ˵һ˵ĸ齨̻͹ǰķŵҶϵġ
˿һ¥һĺ棬˫ƷŸζʳǸΪ׵żŮòήҡʱôҶ׺Ÿ˽Ȼ󣬵Ҳܹ˾
ʱ˫˫˴˿˿ƺ⡣
˫ӣ˵ʲôأѵ֪Ϣĵط𣿡˫Щȵ˵
˫ӵĻ˫ЩƵ˵ûв´ӦҶ׵ѵڱ磿
ӦģĻôղŵЩԾأ˫ӼӴ׵˵
Ҷһ˵˫Ķٸһ֮ȭŸɱˣԺǻҪһ˫֯
˫Ӻ˫ԱСۣȴ
žһ͵һӣ˫˫ֵЩջʵֹ˵ʲôأΪ𣿡
ָգ˫Щӵվ˵磬ղҶڱ˵Ļ˵ʲô˫һȺ߹ɵġ
ʲһ˫ĻһӾͽߵļŮֱɣɫվ˵ȥҶ׺ļѸǲҽһҪǺÿģ˫ȥҼ֣ҵǿ˫Ӣۻǹܣ
˵ţٴԼϿʼƷеƣ֮ǰɵļŮ»ص߲ĸŸַ
ʱ˫ѾƵҶ׵ڵİ档
һž˽ȥһ˫߽ˣҶ׵ɫҲ΢΢˱䡣
Ŷʲôѵ㲻Щͻ𣿡
ʮֲܻӭˣʲô˵תˣȻԴĺ͸һģ˽ܿ˫үһ˽ʱЩջ˵һӱ㽫Էõˤڵϣıʱ˫Ҳ¶һЩ⡣
ò˵˽ôһŪҲһЩ˫Ҫת߾͸ӵĲסߣ˿һСһ뵽˫ԭЩ˫Ⱦͣ
ǣգʶøҹȥʸãȻĻ˭ȥ˵˫ܴĵ뿪Ҷ׵˵ķ䡣
ţ˫ĻѦ׶һʲôˡ
ֵǣ˫ʥԺʱҲˣǸҲ˵˫֮һȽ̫ӡ
˵ǻŸɿ϶ҪԿģ߰ɣѦ׶ȻûŸôѧʶǶѧԺĸǱȽ˽ġ
ߣŸ˿Ҷ׺Ѧ׶
ھͿҶ׵ľˡ
ʱƺоʲô̶Ҷ˵СһѦ˵Ķԣ񾳵ǿûǴӴȥɣȻǿ϶ҪԿģ
Ҷ֪ԲƭǣҲһּٵ˵
⡭ŸȻ鱾ϵ˽ıȽ϶࣬ϻҪһЩѦ׶͵һŽ˽߷ɳȥŸҲѦ׶˳ȥ
ߣѦ׶Ҳ˳ȥ
ʱ񾳵ǿѾ˹
Ҷ׿ǿѾ洳ˣ붼ֱӽӵĶһֱ˳ȥ
žžžԷΪǰƴ赲ʱŪ⼸ȫ;Ʋˡ
Ҷ״¥Ҳ
ߣ˽ˤңҲΪƤģϵŸԺһЩûܵʲô˺
Ѧ׶Ҷ׵¥֮˷ֱһ㳯ʥԺķߡ
ಡ
뿪ʱӰӴ˳ȻǾͱҶ˦Ϸ˵ļǿߡ
Ҷ׵ܵķɿ죬ǿҲЩջ𣺡ǼСӣŪһˣԺץǣȻӵ
⼸ǿߵĻҶ׵˶һЦһŶƴܡʥԺ⼸˾Ͳˣ

СŪһˣҶһ޹ӣ˽Ŷӣʮʹ˵
ǵȻ֪ǳ˶٣Ҷʮεİ˰֣ʾԼҲǹ⡣
Ǽ˱Цһš
Ц֮ǼҲŽһ˫޾ɧŵʹࡣ
Ǻ˫֮Ĳ㳹׽ˣԺǻҸ鷳ԺǵĴҲԽԽѵģѦ׶˫˽࣬ҲΪε˵
ҪңҲǷҪ¥Է²н飡һ뵽ֵԺӻԽԽ鷳ҶҲ̾˿˵
ʲôأȻˤңˤǸǼվҲŻ˽ܿҶЩεıʱҲļ˵
ԣСǼйģǶ㣬˵˫鷳ǸԶбʲô̫⣬ҪСһЩʱŸҲߵҶ׵̾˿˵
ǰСҪҪȥһӣȥӶһʱ䣿һ뵽˫ȻǿߣѧԺĻº밡
ãҲǾҵʵѾ˲٣λŷ֣һ̫ˣҪ񾳲У
ʱ̻͹ķչͽˣҲиչˣҶ׿˿ֵЩε˵
ֵܾͲҪ˵ЩѦ׶֪ҶѾ¶ıû
ˣҶ׼ȥʲôطأҶЩѿɫ˽ʮֹĵ˵
֪һ糾۹ĿԻһЩֻʱҪѧԺúѧϰһЩ֪ʶȻҶҲܲڵĳԽԽˣʵȴԲҪ
ãʱǾͺúһദϣǱ˴˶ܹһһסԷѦ׶оҶ׺Ҳʮֵĳء
˵ˣǼȻһЩɱỹ˫ǲ̫ˡ


һʮ һɱ֮
ȥͼݣҶһ𴲾ͼܣͺһѧһ
ʵҪȥ飬ֻǾǳıҪһַʽйĵеʹࡣ
ҶѵⱲӾôҵĻȥһ뵽Լļ屻ôУһּȵĲƽ⡣
ұҪøǿУҶһ𴲾ͺһĵֱ죬ĲʮֵĲȡ
ͨһҶ׵ڵϼˣ
϶Ҫ˽ҪȥҶףѦ׶ֱӽ
˾ͿҶڵ¾ֻλƵ˳ȥ
Ҷ߳ӣ˽ЩƵʵϴΪʲôȥССͻȻϰٽĶ𣿡
˽վſڿҶŤŤӰ˵ǡ
϶СǱܱҪǿֻȱʱ䣬ͼǿȥͻᾡɳǸʱֵܼгͷ֮գҪסԺҶҪʲôǶҪȫ裡Ѧ׶˿֣µ˵
ҶȻǼ˵̸ȴܹоǵĹĺůһ·Ҷܵͼݣ;һˤ˲ʮӣǼֵͼݡ
֨һȻһӸˡ
֨һֽһӸˣʱ˵ĵ⡣
˲õı飬Ҷֻߵһվſˡ
ҶѧУʳãѾˡҶˣǲſҶȫǵҩʲôʳ
֨֨Ҷ׺ԳһƴĽĵҩ档ʱЩͨĵҩѾ޷ӾˡҪɱ񾳸ֲܹϧʵԸһ񾳸ֶһЩѣɱ㹻ı񾳸־͸޷ﵽˡ
ʲôʱܹﵽأҶһ߳ŴĵҩһƵ
һԷʱҶҲ̽Щ쿴һЩĵáӾôĵĹȥˡ
һת۾һµʱ䡣
䡭
һϣؾȻʮйɵĲĿ϶ҶȥͼˡһΣٶȾȻ÷ɿޱȣƽʱҪһʱܹﵽͼֻķ֮һʱ䡣
ͬʱϵļ֮ϻ಻ɵÿһ˿ⶼһʻһ˾ļⶼѾѧˡ
Ӧÿ뿪ʥԺˣ
ʱҶϱôص鲢ǵĶԼҪĽɹǬתƣϣʱȴԺƵͼ˺ֹܶϣⷽҲĶһЩЩָ
ϾΪĴʼˣǷǳԼЩҶ׶࿴ϣҲ԰̵ȥ˽ơϵĸˡ
ҶװɣҶ¸һԽõĵص֮һģǴһԵĵ˳Ҷһ˲İԺȥɽǸꡣ
ǷаƣǷаµĵܵܣ׷ҸûйϵֻΪȥֺģа˹¶һĻЦ˵
Ҵ˵ҪԼ棬мڼС㣬ʲô;˵ɣȻаֻ鵤Сɵʵֳ̬ȴǱȱ񾳻ҪǿᡣҶʮֵĲ
ڷа߻мǿ߱ҶײûбֵĹڳ嶯
Ǻǣû뵽׷ãʵûб飬֮ǰһЩˣϣܹ壬ϾҪ뿪ʥԺϣܹչһáҶ׾Լ΢Щί˵
Ŷҵ𣿡Ҷ׾Ȼ˵ĻаҲЩε˵
Ǿǰɣôμ͵Ϊֹϣ´ټҶʵܲ˷а־Ӹµ̬ȣϾҪȥһ٣Ǳ˵˼仰תˡ
һҶײ˿
û뵽СҲе˵ʱñһҶװͨ죬ҲԴЦ˵
Ҷ˵Ļȫߡа֮ص˸
Ҷףľ𣿡һ£ҶȻÿ춼ƴ֮䲢û̫๵ͨǿҶƴ˵ҲһǿҵĴҶ׾ȻҪ뿪ǾȻһָ᲻µĸо
Ҳ֪˫ǳˣųֻҪȡҶ׵ͷͻһö񣬻׽˫
ʮڳȻһĿǶ˫ʥԺĵλȴûжܹҶ׾ʥԺܹ˳ִĻỹǷǳٵģȥҲμӶִĸһЩ
СһҪȥʲôطҶͷҲصĴһС뿪ʥԺҲǺʵ
ȥˮ۹Ҹ׵ϼңҶ׵Ļ𵱼Ҳһ㶣΢Щʵѵ㲻±ҵ˷𣿻ҪעһҸأ
ʲôǣһɱ֯רҴһЩù飡Ҷʮֿ϶˵
Ǻǣ뷨㻹ȽԼǿУҵ֪һɱ֯ˮ۹ǲҵľʱѾǸɱֹϴֻҪᵽң˵ܹṩһЩأҶ׵ĻԸµ˵
㻹ʲôϾȥĻҶ׶ʱЩͷ˵
û뵽ԼȻҶ׵ĻҭסˣʱһҶץסﲡһʱҲ޷ֻøɸɵ˵طڡ
ʵҶȥˮ۹ңҪΪƺҶҵҪĿĻҪҵµʲôڶûҵˮ۹ĻƵԽԽ׳ĵطҷ˸׳졣״Сǹ¶޿ûһ屻
Ҷ׶ҵĳ޸Ǽ࣬Ҫɱ֯ҽб
ֻһĿ꣬ҪԼĳɳ
ޣ̰ɣԼߵһﻹǲ벻ĸԼҶҲһҵĸоϾ;б㲻ٹ¼ˣ
ˮ۹糾۹ǧǴʥԺҲҪ߽µʱ䡣Ҷ˵ڼԼʵʱ򡭡


һʮ 
ʥԺǱһ·ϣ;ҶҲǾһЩоյ飬ǵʥԺϵĵһҷѩ۹Ѧ׶˽ܾ۹ġ
ѩ۹½֮ǱȽĵ۹ˣԷѩ۹ȨĳԶ˵ÿһѩ۹˶ŪļƵһϰߡһѦ׶Ͼһõ֡
ҲΪˣҵ˵ҲҪĹҳ࣬û̫มĶ˽ƺûм̳ⷽŵ㣬Եʮֱֵʡ
ΪѦ׶˽ܵչˣҶ׷ǳ˳ͨԼٶͨ뵽һƬˮ۹ķΧˡ
ѩ۹ıѩزͬǣˮ۹¶˵ҲһЩȻҪȷ糾۹Ҫ࣬ĺˮΪһĺˮ괦޷״̬ҲΪˮ۹
Сһ˵Ǹطںˮ۹ıԵشѾԶˣҶ׵𽥿ڸһϢ
Ŷֱѩص֮𣿡ԼĵطһƬѩصľҶҲЩɻʵ
оҶ׵ɻЦ˵ΪɱֹЩĳ𣿡
ɱֹϺᣬרŽһЩȽϼֵӦûĳɳȽɣ
Ȼ½ķֲ㻹ܹйط糾۹ʥԺҲ˵أ˵ǿҲԵΪ˵
ǰòҲһֵͶɣÿᵽᶼһԲԵĵ⣬ҶҲΪɻʵ
¸£㿴ˣȷʵҲע˲ѪΪҵ˼ûмӪҼ̳˵Ӧòʲô̫⣡Ҷ׵Ļǲɵ˵
ȻҶ׶ĻҲһЩţָǺܿһϿ֮ڣҶ׿һ޼ѩɽɽǰϿȸǴܹһСˡ
ء
ɽ֮ƽ˾һ뵽ɽ֮ȴǶëѩ
Сһ㲻Ҫļɱһֱߣ˵ͣʱͣҶ״ĴѩУʱбɱĸоȴû˿ͣ˼
ŹһӣҶ׸о񱻶ʱ˵ˣ˾վɣ
ĻҶ׸оԼȫ񱻶ĲܹٶˡϾķԸֻεͣ
󷨵Ŧˣ˵ţ˳֪ʲôգ֮Ҷ׸оΧľ󱻳׸ı䣬뵽һƬﻨĴһ
СһɲҪЩԻ󣬼ǰߣҶ׶ΧĻȻһЩĸоٴѵ
ͨҶ׸ո߳ȥûã͸еһֱ˵ո߹ĵط
ȻҶûۿҲܹԼһеĽʲôˡ
ǰ﾿ʲôطﵽǻܲӣҶҲֵʵ
¸£ЩҺǸϹʱõĶΪ˷ֹһЩϲ˽ģڼһֱǰߣܹߵ󷨵ľͷˣ˵΢ʾҶ׵
ȻָʾҶԽǰ߾Խܹǰԭɽȵľ󡣺ܿһ޴ɽǰ
˿ɽǰ۷ǿͬһվҶҲǻë
Сһվţһͻģ۷ǿߣ΢٩˵
Ȼûһ߳һͷЩ׵ߣı鿴ЩƣȴҪϺܶӡһҶǴһ֮ŻʵСӣ㲻ɣ
ǰͽܣҪ̳ʦһݲҵģߵĻҶ׶ʱЩΣǰ̸Ļ˵һ顣
Ҷ׵Ļ΢΢㶱㳯˻˵ѣСһǸ϶ûУѾкöûпˣ
ߵĲȻЩȣľͷȴǷǳã˿а̬ӵӣĿǷâһֱʵĸо
ʦ˼һأֻߵĻҶҲ΢һ˵
Ҷôһ˵ֻЦЦ㽫Ҷ״һȽϸɾ档
СһʵЩ㲻˵Ҳ֪ϼһ棡Ҷ״棬߱һʯ¶ЦݵĿҶ˵
ҶױΪ𲻻ǾߵĻ˵꣬ߵǰ
ɱû뵽㻹ô˽ҰһѾнʱ˰ɣҶ׵߳Ҳ΢ε˵
ߣҲ˼˵ںˮ۹㲻ں˰ɣΪһʲôԼȥˣ˾òֵĻʮջ˵
ôˣĳƢûиģҲѹô껹ǹ¼ҹˣǲ֪ǸôˣһǸ֣ʱҲǻһ㲻˵ˡ
ˣЩȥ¾ͲҪˣҵĴ˰һɱֵĹɣԼѾﵽĿģҲǵ㵽Ϊֹ˵
ţû뵽϶ȻûһͽܰȥҰһСͷĿʱѡ֮⣬һᶨڸȥǹֻҪԸκ񶼿ȥִУôĻҲʮִ󷽵˵
ǺãͶлֵˣĻҲİ˵
¸£㽻黹Ǿ֮ôǾ΢Ʒһҵĳˡһᵽƣ۾ͶһĪ˷ܡ
Ǻǣ϶㻹ôϲƣҾʹӦ㣬ֻһҪСһ壬㲻ɣ𿴵һյӣҲ̲ס
ֻܾôһ򵥵Ҫ̾ʹӦѽǲһûһȾˣ˵һСëӣϼҴҲ԰
һĻҶײѸոպȥĲˮ˳û뵽Ѿˣѱӵ⡣ȻȺְ
ȻЩҶǲ֪ġ


һʮ Ӱ
ȾƣҶΪԼܹ͵һЩʲôݡû뵽ǣԼźһ͸оĲʣһҪŻµĸоʱ˹ȥŷʲôˡ
˵ڶŻѹȻôģƺȵԽ࣬Խѡǰһϵ飬ȴûļ䣬ܹоЩŵģΪľǲϣ֪֮ܡ
Ӵôʱ䣬Ȼ֮ĹϵЩʦѣĸͺԼһҲһʲô飬Ҷ׶ɵġ
ҵͷʹҶ׵ͨǿ˲֪ٱһ𴲻Ǿͷһ͡
һҶױĿʯԱһƵζǷءҶʱŲŲƨɻصҶ׵档
СһľҲ̫С˰ɡҺ϶ҲֻǺһͿֻܹԱ߸ɵˣ˵һΪĵ˵ƺδǰһϵ鹢ڻ
ǺǣǰҵľҲֻôˣҪȾƿҪȵ´ˣ
ˣǰǲǻҪأһ뵽ϰûмҶױ̽ʵ
ǵãǸϼһƺʲôĵ£ڱ˼ˣҾͲȥˣһ뵽ȥЩ£Ҳʮε˵
ȥεƣɱֲƽԽСԽáָҶ˼䣬ȥ޵ˡ
ϴĻǲҶ׻Եĺõģ߶Ѿˣ޳ԵķͷҲѾʼǰѵˣҶ׵ǲصԻİȫ
Щ鶼ЩרŵȥţҶԼҪʱҲЩòʧġ֮Ҷױ㳯ŷҰȥ
΢Ի֮Ҷױ׼ȥҰǸˣ
һҶ߽Իôʱû֮ǰôţһᳵ·ĸоܹĸоһ޴ߵʵ
СػһɽѾİʱ䣬ҲΪˣһ뵽Լһɫ龰Ҳһĸ̾
Ĵ·Ҷ׺ܿ뿪ɽȳźˮ۹ڲȥ
Ұںˮ۹߾һǣｻͨͨǳܼʥԺͷѩ۹̸֮ͨǷǳƵټ۹֮ͬ˹Ҳ۹֮ĽͨҪ
סź̻ܶͰͷĿ˴֮ìܵҲǷǳңɱֹȻͷǳܵӭ
ֻϿɱֹ֮⣬ɱֹҲǿһɱֹɱֹᣬһɱֹѪõ塣
ɱֹ֮ѪõΪأΪŵġΪϿɱֹǱɱֹᣬҲٹѹϿɱֹᡣϿɱֹһҶ󣬶ɱֹֻܹϿɱֹĲиʣѡ
Ҷ︰ξҪɱֹͷİŴһЩֵ񡣵ȻΪİţɱֹͷҲܴġΪҶײܹõ̶ȵķչս񾳵ĳ̶ȡ
һʱ䣬Ҷױ˷Ұǡ
ڷҰǵУҶûд۵ļһ߶жǳķ㡣ܿҵ˹ڷҰǵһܽͷص㡣
һҲׯ濴װҲһ㣬ҲׯܶƷѾʱϰ崩ҲǱȽ㣬ӪĲǺܺáҲׯ·ͲƥǱˣǸһЩṩ˲ٵı
һ߽ׯҶ׾ͿڷܴɨׯĻƺǸϵĲеĲׯƹ񡣿Ҷ˻ֻǰ˸кվԱߵҶԼѡˡ
ƣҪĶҵƣӦÿԸҴ۰ɣҶ״ӿڴͳһ׼õĻ˳ȥ
ţŵȷʵǹı־ҾȥһЩɣƿ˿ݸƹƹȷһ飬Ҷ׳Ųׯĺȥ
Ѿõ֪ͨû뵽ô͹ˣʧԶӭװϰ彫Ҷ״˵̵ĺ棬ԴǸ˵
ׯƹʮֿĻҶò˵ûʲôϾĹֵܹ̫飬ҲֻΪִණҪѧϰأ
߰ɣҶ׻һȽϺ˵ˣׯƹܱûж˵ʲô߽˵ҵСϿɱֹһܾݵˡ
ǵĵ⣬ƽʱûＸǲ¶ģͷĿ뿴棬ׯƹ㽫һϵݸҶסҶҲǽЩһݷݵпʼϸۿ
ò˵Ͽɱֹ⼸ʮ½ִ˲ÿһķǳƯֻвٷ֮ʧʣʵϿɱֹڶɱֹ֮ˡ
ЩУҶҲǷһʵǾϿɱֹÿִеһ񶼻ᰴִʱ⸶һЩǮƸһϵǳڳʱ״̬һȻϿɱֹ˲٣ȴҲϿɱֹʵɻࡣ
֮⣬ϿɱֹҲǳƲӵɱֹ˶Ѿ״̬ȴ˺ܶࡣϿɱֹҲǳһǰδеΣ
˵ķչȥܻܿϿɱֹһ˥ˣɱֹȡҲΪʲôҶ׵Ҫԭˡ
ˣͷ죬Ժʲô鶼ңҶרĵĹۿϵʱͻȻһӰͬһҶߵʱѾ֪˶ˡ
ĳֶʱҶױһ亹ĵ˻߶ֵĻѾ˲ֹʮˣ
ݼͷ쿴˵Ҷ׸Ͻת˵
ǺǣʵͽܣҲҵĳӦһʦŶԣҶ׵ĻʱҲ΢΢һЦ˵
ִӺ˵أôһ˵ҶҲЩɻʵ
Ҫ˵ʱ֮ǰ˵¸£СһϼһͽҵͽܣȻʦˣ
Ǻǣʦ˵ûĻȻǲ²˵ÿһÿһ仰ûκθϵĲµĻҶ׿»Ϊֻһˡ
ѹָղûз𡭡


һʮ 
СһڲŰʮѾǻʾɣǸҪǿˣúøԺѧģȻûбֳκ𾴣ȴûа٣ô֡
˽˻Ϊһޱأ
֪ʦ𡭡
ͷ졭侲ı飬Ҷ׾ҪʦֶҲǲҽгڵġ
Ǻǣʵʲôûʲô̫ĹϵԺڹеıΪעģϣ㲻Ҫʧ˷ǳĿ̱ԺıֲҪ̫ʧźãҶ׵ĻûκηӦȻ˵
ˣһִеʲôʿʱң˵ʧҶ׵ߵСӰȥ٣һķϻûС
¸¸£ҶףԸ񣬵糾۹ʱһһ棬û뵽ʮ겻ͳɳ˵ز˸̾ʧıӰҲǼΪ̾˵
ҶȴôΪһ۲۵ɱ֣뵱еɱֵܹزԼͲԶ˰ɣ
һ뵽Ҷ׶δҲǳһЩϣ
ǿξִʲôɣߺҶҲǽһŴ򿪣ʼϸۿеݡ
ɱ̻ͷĿ񣡡ŷ⣬Ҷ׵һ۱㿴һѪ֡ĿʼϸƷζ
һ̻ͷĿȻڶʱ֮ڻ˴˴˵ĲƸٹ죬ݲܱܿߵһЩɽǱΪ飬һǧ
Էʵ鵤Сɵ֮Σա
һ֮ޱȽ
Ȼһ־һ񰡣֮ҶҲһЩ˷ܵĳɷܹ֡оܼ򵥣ȷʵ̲˲δ֪档
Ǻǣɱ֣ÿһִ񶼺ܿڷô㺦𣿡
ǺǣҵȻˣôأôһʣҶҲЦһ
ȷʵµҪļܻЩɱ˵ܹܵͷ
Ƿ񶨵ġ
Ҫ䵱ͷЩ˵ִߣҲܱҪʹٱĳͷ
ĵҵУҶֻͨһޱ͵ʯ㽫еġʼִеһˡ
ĿصһҾ¥С
˵ҰǺˮ۹оΪĴеĻôɾ¥Ϊֵĵص֮һ
ʲô˶У̾¥߻ӣһЩٹҲһЩ˻죬һֵܵӡ
ԷԼһЩ̻ͷĿҪǴһЩϵ顣
Ϊһʱܶѩ۹̶Ӷڲ̶ͬɽϮһЩСֱ̻ӱˣеĻҲǱɱһЩС̻һΣ̻һֱల£ƺʲôľС
ҲһЩ̻ͷĿΪǺɽͨһԲмںɳ̽ȥһЩڳʹӶɱֵıһ̡
һɾ¥Ĵãһϰɢ˶¥ǱȽϿĸϣ¥ǱȽϺżˡ
ƽʱ붼ٴڣǺһļ̻ͷĿͬǺԳ붼Ǵ鵤ĸԱ֤ǵİȫԴʮֵĲмЩųΪ
ֻǽͻȻԼʲôˣǽ뵽еʱ򣬸һֿڸĸо
ͻȻоһΣյζƺʲôҪˡ
ѵҺɽ˽ͨʲô˷ɳɱҪıң΢һҳеĸᡣϾڷҰǴչֵĻᣬԲܹ
ʵɽ˵ֻȨ֮ƣĿɲҪһɽͷӣҪڷҰǵнԼİɡ
һ뵽ԼδĳɾͣڵΣվͲʲôˣ
˻ԴȥЩ߰ĶŶֱ¥İ䡣ʱѾ߰˸С̻ͷĿ
ȻǶֻС̻ͷĿǷҲһˣЩ̻ͷĿһ۾컹ߣ˴֮ʶ֮Ҳ۾Ͽһ˵ӡ
෴ų˵ǲУ˵ˣΪЩûԵļһŸҺ
¸£λĹˣˡ˰˵ųѾһϽһž͸˴һк˶һֱø߸ϵĸоͺųֻǸ赹ˮūһ
ųЩҲõӶѡ
ͷĿ˵̻һֱڹ֮ܵûκ⣬ߵһ·ֻʲôݾأ̻ͷĿų䲻Ǻܿ𣬵ǶųһЩܻǺܸȤ
ԭ̻ͷĿҲͷţ̻ȻڷҰǲǺȴǺպĴڡ
ԼΪԼȺų˵϶Ǹˡ
ǺǣʵҲռһ֣Ҳ·ߵԭ򣬶̻̽ɽûĵطһ̻֮Ҳû̫ܵʧ˵ų˵
ʲô̻ᾹȻɽԵףһųĻһ̻ͷĿ˵
ʵ̻ɽԵײʲô顣Ͼ̻ôһΪԼ̻İȫͬʱҲΪ˴ж̻ᡣһЩ̻ỹὫж̻鱨ɽȡһ档ԼųɽԵҲǼֲˡ
Ե̸ϣֻһЩĿѣǶǻã˴ǣƶѣ̻ͷĿĸ̾ųҲѿЦЦ˵
˶̬ȿʼ仯ųҲǺòļ˵λҪô˻ᣬѹ̻ᣬӶԼĻأ֪λеأ
ų֮ǰıȫҪȡöԷΣֱӰԼͷϷ׳͸Ҫ˵ӡһ飬ôԼĵλͻƽƣΪЩеס
˵ųеǴķǳ
ǾЩ̻ͷĿԥʱĻƿʼϲˣ
λүǵķ˺ˣһļΪͨĻС鲽˽
һƺͼСˣЩ̻ͷĿȽϲġ
ЩѾ˹ˣ
š۵һų΢΢һξȻСеľƲ˴򷭣ֱ̻ͷĿϣһӾͽͷˮ
һӾͷŭ
žһСֱӱɳȥ


һٰʮ Ϯɱ
顱һ̻ͷĿֻһȭǸСƾͱɳȥСײǽϾͺһѺһ̯ڵϲܹ
ˣСƵ̻ͷĿʱЦ
Ҵ𣿿϶ǣԼСˤģһ޴СưԼСƣ̻ͷĿʱװʲô֪˵
ʱ̻ͷĿҲǸ˵䣬㲻йϵͽˣסܹܲϵܲܺҪˣ
Щ̻ͷĿĻǳǸҲЩܲˡֻЩʱûпͷôĻ϶Ҫƻļƻģԥһ»סˡ
ʱЩ̻ͷĿȻܹ;Խ
䣬ԷѵͲ˵С㶼ȥһ𣿡
ҲѹԼ᲻ùӶ£ֻܹԼˣȻȥҸưɣ
˳Ҳӳȥιԣᷳ
һ̻ͷĿǿڷʴʣʱһֻðɵĸоֻڵɫ΢Щѿˡ
ãͽҴԣ˵ţǿҵŭСڵλȥ
һ踺صӣЩ̻ͷĿʱһıӿƺڿԼһ
ȥɣȥءʱ򼸸̻ͷĿʱͷһ˵
ȻܲԽСƾԽǾʲôطԵģͻȻ뵽Լ֮ǰԤеΣգбһЩС
УһСһΪã뵽ԼĿڴȡһ롣ǳϸֻ۸ƿǿֶͨǱ̽·ĶһʲôͻһЩĻûκθо
ˡһ侹ȻоǿҵҲ˵ǰСƲûһпһǳǿĵˡ
ɱ֣оЩоһӽŵһֱԼ嵱СʱѾܶ뵽֮ǰյ侹Ȼһƹˤ뷨
ɱ֣붼ͳŴȥôһ̻ͷĿЩˡǶʱһЦ
䣬ɵ˰ɣɱ֣ǸЦ
ǰò׬Ǯ׬ɵ˰ɣһ̻ͷĿʱǴЦվһԵıڶһ̲סЦĳ嶯
ʱǸСƾȻ֪ĴԭʧӰ١
ɱ֣ң֪˭Աߺһ䣬ʱ̻ͷĿһ󾪻š־ţҲǰһЦ
һתͳ̻ͷĿС˿Ѿʮ鵤ĸָŰΧл鵤۷ĸڡ
һЩ̻ͷĿһ㶼ˣҪҽ⼸̻ͷĿһɱ
ߣӵΣҶô֪ܲҪЩ̻ͷĿıڴﵽԼĿġѾնɱһеġ
ۣҶеѪһֱѪ鵤ɵĸ־ֱӱնɱ
ֻһ鵤ɵ֣أҶ׵ʵʱЦˡû뵽ԷɱֵʵȻ˲ΪԲ硣ĻֱӾܹҶɱܹ׽
˲ıγ˺ΧɱİΧȦӭҶףСӣ㻹ɣ
˵붼һȥٶȷɿ죬Īϻ޾ɢͬһŴҪҶװڡ
չڿҶߵʱƱҶ׵壬ָһץͬʱץҶҪ֮ϵ˵ĽѾ޵ˡ
ټϺļڣݻɱҶ׸׾ٵ顣û뵽ǣҶײûжԸٶӭ
ɢն
Ѿ˽ԸҶ׶ڽĻɱ˵Ѿ־ڱصˣԶЩӦҲѾһƵļƻָ£ץʱҶѾ嵱еһ鼡Ϊһһ
Ҳںϵһ֡
֨һһץȻץһһĶϣʱһ㶣û뵽Ҷ׾Ȼǰ׼ͬʱʩչʱȻҲʧһ飬ֱӽɱٴν͡
ʱ֪Լǵ͹Ҷ׵ʱ򣬿ҪѾǲˡ
ȥɣ

ƽץҶϵʱҶ׵͵һתҲ˳˳ȥһޱ͵õһӾͽϵ֮ϣͬʱͨҶ׵Ʊ棬ֱĽԼߡ
ۡһҶϵļ͵ſֱӾͽֱ۸̲һĵʹҶһٴνͷ
ͷɽۣͬǻҪɽۣͬ³˵꣬Ҷױ㽫ͷ­ֱƵƷϱƴߡ
ȻѾ뿪һ仰ʱԭҪ׷ȥһЩڶʱԭءٿѾûԴѾڵϵһ̻ͷĿҲǻ䣬ֱð
ǻǸϿ߰ɡЩ̻ͷĿ֪Լ˿Ҳھ¥һ뿪˾¥Լ̻᷵ء
¸¸¡ղʹ죬û뵽㾹ȻôʹͰǸɱˣҶӳ¥˰ȫ֮Ц˵
ԴάĻҶֻǿЦһûж˵ʲôܹоİɱȻ߻ܺãмȴǶһЩҪĻڣֱӾӵĻļƻ׾ͻʧܡ
Ȼĵһִ㲻׷˳ĽƷС
Ŷû뵽ĵһɵô˳ҹĿ࿴ȻҾٸ㰲һˣ㻹ܹ˳ɣҾͿȥˣôҶжսĿҲЦ˵
ţͷ죬;ܸɣڶκ򽻵ҶҲϤһЩԸദȻûôˡܹоĳЩ·ʽѾʼĬĬעѧϰ


һٰʮһ 
ã˾ҪܵҶ׵̬֮ҲԴ̾˵һϣͬʱһɣûʧ֮ܵһֱ̳ʦвƲΪֹ
ãԼ̳ʦĲƲ൱ɱֹϰˣõƷʱҶҲ͵һ
һһŶӺΪľǽɱһǿߡֻΪؼĴɱһһڳ⣬񶼻ʧܣʧپ֡
һ˲μӡǸ׷Ŀ꣬Ǹʣµһ񾳵ɱָĿҶǸһɱҶλԵøҪȴһ񾳵ǿɱҲпܽ鵤۷ġ
ʱڷҰ֮һٹĵطҲ˵Ҷױڴ˿ٶȸϵƶصɱֻϡ
һʱ仹ǽȡȻҶ׶𽻴ʱϵİŸоǳĽţҲܹо⿼ԼûȥԹѡٶȴﵽָص㡣
һٹƽʱҶ˵ʲô⣬ǶڵҶ˵ȴǳҪڰɱĿɹ֮ǰÿһ˿һĶҪϸÿǡ
ȻʱҲǿҶ׶ԼȫĿƵĺþͻὫԼĽ͵͵㣬ͬʱҲǽԼºʼձһ¡Ļһκһ˿һܿܵ´˴ʧܣѵҲǴ˴Ҷ׵һĿ顣
ȷʵСһﰡоĺҶĶԴҲǼΪп˵
ΪҶ׼ΪĿһ·õʱû˿ӣһЩʱϵģɱֿҶ׵ʱҲǰΪ֮һ֪ԼĳɹӵһЩ
Ҫ֪ʱģеκһ֮ǰûнӵκ֪ͨĻһĿǵŸոտʼʧˡȻһʧܴľʧʲôǶϵʧǹǲܹܵġ
Ϊǵ϶ضƣƸܷƣڿԷ֮󣬱֪Էλˡ
ǰɱǴԼĿڴȡһЩƷʼڸ֮Ǳ㿪ʼͨǵĲÿʼѰɱĿټˡ
ʵǹĶһС͵󷨡󷨣Ǿ̵ܹʱ֮ڽһٹﷶΧ֮ڵɱĿĴλѰҳͨĿһЩƷѰľλˡ
ˣˡ
ɱֵ󷨺ܿʹˣҶ׾ͿһɫĻǰһɫСڹĻ֮Ͽʼٵƶ
ҵˣ򲻵ʮĻһɱִŵжһ£ǰ·ǰȥ
ʱɱÿ˵жһѬһĶʼǰƶЩеĶǵ˽˵˵֮ǰ󷨽׷٣ͨĿضȷĴλãŵζ㣬ʼձͷѣʼռסһ˵ζӶ׷١
ͣһ΢˰ֺоʲô˵
ĿѾڵλøϹˣעж½أ˵ţɱһûڲݴԵУʱɱɱֿʼԾͬʱǸ񾳵ɱҲѰһޱεĵط˺ΧʯһĶ
Ҷǹ죬ȻһɽҩĴҰũ򣬼Ҳκһ˿һ
ǺǣСһﾹȻѧ䲻ˣҶķӦʮοЦЦûȥ˼·
Ȼûһǿ׳һʮֻٶȳ˹ٶȷǳĻȴһԶžĸоң涼һ𶯣ͺ½һ
ţǴ½֮ϳɱͨ档ɱĶһЩ̺͸߹ٹˣͨҰȴûȤġҶ׵ǰ΢΢һ㶡
ͷʲôһͣ½Ų㿴ҶЩͷʵ
ΪмҶ׿ԼҪòԸı䣬ҪܹԼܵԼʵʵӰ죬Ҷ仯һʮ廹Ӳʵͷѡ
ȻͷٵʱһЩ¡ǼôһɷĴڣҲǲɵһ󾪻ţѶתˡ
ңң⸽һЩҩģ㿴ǡ˵ţҶ׽ڴһЩͨĲܹͨҩ˶˵
ŶͷʲôطȥƫƫҪطүã㲻´ͱˣ˵꣬㳯ŷҰǵķȥʱԭ½ɱҲѾ׼ˡ
ͬʱǸıɱǴһԱһŵǰ
ɱõһ̵һ־ǴΪĵط
ţﾹȻһɱ֣ԺԼͬΪıɱ֣沢ûôšҪ֪ȥҲɱ֣ɱɱ֡ҪνҰǵĿնɱеһ̡ɱָûа⣬Խǿɱ֣ԽǼ
ܹо⸽ٻɱţ׼ʱбɱһ
ֻǳ֮⣬Ѿܹо⸽еڶǿ֣߳Ҳû̾ӵĴ㡣
һ˫һԼȭ׵ס˱ɱֵһһ֮Ҳǿ첽ǰһȭȥɱֵ塣
˵ܹ֮ΪŷɥͨҲǿĵطķǳ̬ͬıǿǰֱ޵еĴڣɱֶҲ޿κΡ
Ҫ֪ɱֵУͨʵǿ鵤۷ɱ񾳣񾳳ڴɱС鶼˿ϡ档
νɱ澹ȻһɱֻҪ½ص鵤۷ɱ֣Ҷ׸ǱһɱҪԿԼɱֹӳ̶ˡ
һμҵײɱ׷ɱĿǰڡѾ׷ɱɱˡԭҪص鵤۷ɱֶѾͲסӲݴֱӺͱɱһΧǵС
ûõɱ֣ӳʱǻڴſɿءɱԽ࣬Խ˷ܡ


һٰʮ ܾ
ķǿһǿߺ鵤۷ˮбɱĿܡ
䡱һһɹǿը汬ֱӽɳȥʱѾ˷ɱҶ׵˵Ŀܡ
á˿·װŻũҶҲע⵽濪ʼΪʤѾһ񾳵ǿ߸ǰ˹ȥ
䡭˿̵ޱȣÿһԻ΢΢ĲоȻ̺һħħ˶Իһֻ˯ĸоͺвעͱһȭһ
䡱һһ鵤۷ɱǰۿһȭҪ鵤۷ɱֱӴˡ
ʱһֱϷҶ̲סˡ
ڱ¶벻¶֮ѡѡ¶ˡ
նһȭѾȥʱ򣬴ıᾹȻϮһ硣ֱĴ֮ϣĵžžֻ룬һתͿѾӰзնҶס
˵Ҷһޱȵ׺ݣֱӾ׼沱֮ϵĴķı̬㱻һֱҲܹͷֱӱնȻҲܴһսǳˡԸоһ磬תҶ״һȭ
һŴƬĻҶ׵ȭͷ֮ϲͣ˸ǿҶ׵ġʵĿ˿ҶȻ֮ǰũĴ磬΢Щһ㶣֪ԼǱҶƭ˹ȥ
Ǻǣû뵽ҰũҲһɱ֣λǿˣҲҪȥ
ҷɰɣ治ǿǿɽӡһȭֱӾʹҶеѪ֮ϣɳȥ
顱һҶױֱɳȥˤʮԶͣ
Сһ鱨ƺˣһʵǱ񾳴ɵʵǵҪΣˣܵǿ֮ҲΪε˵
ʱһ񾳵ɱֺ鵤۷ɱٴγ档
ߺħնǱɱ֣ۿžҪȫûʱڽԼɱиʩչһ徹Ȼһͷι״ĺֱӴӰ֮неĶ֪̽ʲôʱҲǱһɷۺɫĳǹֱӴ塣
ৡһӣɱֲƶͬһıһǹ˵ץסһȭҶ˲䣬ҲǳΪиʱֵģǶȵѾԤϡ
ʱ͹Գɱ־ϵ
Ǽˣ徹Ȼ͵һͦһɹǿҲǴ֮ϱֱ߱ɱеĳǹ
ۡһɱеĳǹֱӴ̽塣Ȼһǹ̵ĲҲǸһ˺ֱӱ͵һת˫ְסǹݺݵĽɱֵˤڵϡ
顱һǿߵֱӱˤڵϺݺݵҳһֱӾܵˡͬʱһɱҲǴԱͬһ֧һ֧ɼһĲӡ
ۡһѪĽѾ˷ɱֻԼĶٶȺĹ̶󲿷ֵķ̽ľѪĽֱӱͱ˻
ʱѾɱֺݺݵˤڵϡתһȭһȭӲĴ鵤۷ֵǰء֨֨ǰص߹ͳͳϣҲǱѪ²ʡ
ͬʱɱֳȻɱҲǿġһֱӶ׼ࡣȻԼΪֱӽеĶ̵ݺݵĴ̽ࡣ
һ˵ΪģνΪν̵档˵һҽֱӽʹвĵز
ɱִ֮һȭݺݵĺ˳ȥֱӽɱֻĸǰظǱһ޴ѪеֱӱѪˡ
ʱ滹ûֻҪܹ˳мȥĿܡһ뵽濪ʼĳƴ롣˵ֻҪܹһطϢֻһʱ˿ڵõĻ⡣Ҷ״ӴҲǴնɱûᡣ
ӦþĻɱˣҶ׿Ѿʼ׼ܵ棬Ҳǵַ͵һԾ²ļӿӰȻһƬӰ޽ӽ档
ķӦٶȲҶ׻Ҫһ˿Ѿˣ֮ѪҲǷӦٶȶܵӰ졣ҶѾǰʱŴһȭҶ׵塣
顱һҶеѪȭͷٴײһ𡣲һҶ׿ܹˣһӿ첽뿪ܾܿҲ׷ˡ
һǿҵײҶ׵еĳеȭ׼ž͹ȥˣҶѪסһֱۣɿתžȥһֱѾǽһˡ
Ҷôֱǻڶʳѿ壬˿ϵǰѶ̵
֨֨Ҷ׵ʱҶ֮ϵһ鼡ֱһѶ̵֮ϣֱӾͽ̵˳˲ʱϱѪע
˵ֻһ̵ͨĻ㲻κҩܹԼ˿ڻָ
ʵǳһɱõĶ̵ֹ˿ϹܵģһؿڵĶ̵γ֮󣬾ʹкܳһʱ䲻ܹĻָָ˿ڡһڵϣͷԿʼʱҲΪΣյʱ̡
ҪһɱĻߵͷʱ򱬷սܿܽ˶ɱһ뵽ҶԭѾѾֿٴο˹ȥ
ͻȻ֮䣬ҲͻһѪ˫ͨĿҶͬĶħһ
ཹཡһѪݴð˳˫Ŀ񣬵ȴܹĳѾҪƴˡ
ɱһҶ׹ϵƹ壬ֱһĴԡ
Ҷ˲㽫Լǿʹóֱһͷ֮ϡһƾȻһһһɹǿҲǴ֮תֱӽԴֽȥ
Ҷƴȫʱ͵ĶҶ׽кСһ֪ԼɣҪԱˣһȥ


һٰʮ ϸѩ
ĻҶͻȻоʱҪѾˡ
䡱һԭޱӴֱӱըǿĺˮһӿҶ׵塣һҶ׸оԼȫҪ뱻ɵ͸һ
顱һ徹Ȼݣͬһ㡣
Ҷ״ڰ״̬ʱһ·˾Ȼƾճǰ
Сһû뵽ô˵ĵһθᣬûйϵһٴҲḴˣ˵˱ֽҶ׵ٴθԭһ̾ͺʱ⵹һҶ׵Ѿ徹Ȼ»ָӡըನǽɳȥ
ȻҶûڵλѾըһʮֱʮĴӡ
ʲôôˣ泹һֱԱߵɱ˭ǴԱ˳ʼռɱ֤ݣʹĲо֡
ʱҶҲԱΪʲô鿪ʼ㶡ϾоԼ֮ǰѾˣھȻֻһЩˡЩ˿ڶȥأһоʮֵɻ󣬾ҲЩԡ
ͻȻ뵽ʲôҶ˵Сһѵ˵ܹôǿǿ֮»ûԭֻˡ
䣿ĻҶ΢ԥһ˵ǰ˼ҵѾ䣬˷ǳԵã
䴫ˣȴûиҪʲô񡣲ЩٻһЩ˽ģֻܹȫ϶˽ⷲǺǿĴǩԼһû¾ҪܳͷȻ֮ô㻹һκܳʱȥ໣ڼ˵㻹лģ
ô˵ҲǸЩһЩжϳġ黹ҪҶɳȥĹȥС
ڽڶִϣҶҲǰʱصϿɱֹᵱУ˿ҲѾȺʱˡ
û뵽εһô⣬Ϊ˲ʧεĽֱӸ㷭ʮһҶףʮĵĽ͵ʵҲһֱԼʵҶͻȻֽƵ·֮ϣƴˡ
ô˵ҲǽҸ㲼õԲɽͿʽΪϿɱֹͷĿˣƣԺԶҲԴȥ칤ɱֹͬɣЩѡ񣬶ԺֱӺϵˡ
ҪңֻҪһ֮עܹõҼķֻһÿֻܹһΣϣܹã˵꣬ٴʧҶ׵ߵС
û뵽ÿζȥҴңҪϤҪԼְڵõϿṤܹ֮Ҿ͸һЩʱ䣬Ҷױ㽫еĴ󲿷Ͽһ֪ɱֹһЩ̡
˵ڻҪִԼʵС
˫Ҷһ뵽Լ뿪糾۹뿪ʥԺĵҲһЩջ𡣼Ȼ˵˫ңұǿйϵôȻܹҾ˫ˡ
ҿ˫ϣ뵽Ҷױ㿪ʼϿ֮ڹ˫Ϣ
˫߷а£Ƿѩ۹һҵĵϵӡ
ڷѩ۹壬з󣬶ѦΣϼңƼǻʼҵϵ֧ȻǼҴҵ󣬵ҲܵȨıӻڷҺ֮ʲôϵͲǺˡ
ţͻȻ֮Ҷ׿һйطҵķѦҡ
նɱ᳤̻ϣһö񣬻ʮڳ𣡡
ݡҶױֻ⿴ģǵԽ󿴾ԽǱݸѾȥִˡ
Ϊе᳤̻ͬĳϣܹҵϣҳҺ֮ĹϵԵ׾ˡֻ̻Ǳ񾳴ɵʵȥĻ
ԣٿûкйɣҶ֪ԼҪҵִҪԼʵҪǱ񾳵ʵܹȷԼһʧ
һ뵽Ҷױ㿪ʼͣѰ񣬲һʱ֮ҶڽеϣΪƽһ鵤һֱСɵĵ·
һҲóˣϿɱֹȻ½зֲҪǼںˮ۹ϵһЩ۹ڷѩ۹ķֲȴ˵һЩҶҵҪȥѩ۹ֲȻ֮ã͸һöΪֲķá
֮Ͽɱֹڷѩ۹ĸֲĳԱҲԱҶеһٸɱҲΪҶײµĳԱ
ȻҶֻͷĿȨȴѾЩ൱ˡֻѩ۹ͷֻȱˮ۹ͷһʲ
Ҷ뿪˷Ұ֮ȥɱֹıŰ򡣿˵ÿ֮£ÿ춼Ҫܶÿ춼Ǳܼ尾һֱڿҶ֮ǶԳҪҶߡҶҲȷʵкܶҪǲĺ롣
뿪ˮ۹֮Ҷױ㳯ŷѩ۹ı߾ȥｫΪ뵽ѩ۹ĵһվ
ѩ۹뺮ˮ۹ͬʥԺٽ磬ҵʥԺҲǷǳУʥԺ˳ϵƷǴӷѩ۹͹ȥġ˵ĳ̶ֳϽ½ѩ۹ҵڣҲǸļҡ
֮ǾĶǣڲҲǷ˺ܶɱ𣬳ҲֹصӰ½巢չҶ׽뵽ѩ۹ĵһоϸѩǡ
Ҷ׸ոս뵽ϸѩ֮󣬱һùϢ˵ϸѩڷѩ۹չĵһϾѩ۹;ҲԶԶȨģкܶĻᡣҲΪصĵط
ϸѩǾںˮ۹Ķ¶ȴȺˮ۹Ҫͺܶࡣһ뵽ѩ۹Ҷ׾ͿҰǱϸѩǵĳͺһʮÿ춼ѩһ
ϸѩǵһȥϸѩɱֹĸˡһĸϵϣͿԽ񣬴Ӷʵˡ
һӵʱ䣬ҶҲһǺԵĵطҵһҲݡҲڵҲСÿ춼вȲ裬ֻĿǰΪֹû˰ȡɱֹľݵϵһȥ


һٰʮ ݻɱֹ
Ȼѩ۹ҪȺˮ۹ܶ࣬˵ˮ۹֮ڶɷӣϿɱֹںˮ۹ҲŲСһݲҵڷѩ۹ȫͬ
ѩ۹ʼնռҪλһЩɱ֯ҲֻܹҼѹơҶϸѩһܵĵطϿṤܹܺõȥ
ҳԽǵȨܼĵطռԽСҲҪȨѹƵġڷѩ۹УϿɱֹϸѩǵеķֲѩ۹һݵ㡣
Ҷ׵һվϸѩǵķֻҪ￴ϸѩɱֹľԴԼպ񡣲һ뵽һ¥оڲͬա
ԣһļžּžкܶƷ裬ȴоԼѾĻż⣬ͺһͼ֮ΪʧһһĴĻͻܵƻһ
׼ȷ˵Ļ̫ţÿƷ˶һۣͬӹŵʿһںȲʱÿһôԵá˵Ҷ׵ĴԵЩĸоû̫Ļ̣һӵĸо
ڿҶ׵ʱ򣬶¶һĵ顣˿Щ˱ӵĿ⣬ҶʮεҡҡͷȻŲȥ
Ҷ׵ĵĻƻǸϽߵҶ׵ߡ
͹٣˽˻ǲڵģҶһãӣĻʮֲĸϵҶĳҪ˵Ľˡ
ŶݾȻţѵͲÿ˽ȥȲҵǾĻǳһµģҶƵĻûȻЩµ˵
͹٣˵Ҫôÿ˶ǱһҪԤԼģ͹ٲҪҰҶȻɤ˵ĻƲ㶼Ҫ˳
ôΪѣҶ׶ʱҲֻ΢΢һЦ˵ֻǲԸ뿪
Ǻǣ͹٣ˡдܣҹɣСȻ֪Ҷ׵ݣƹѾӵҶ׻ݵϢ˲شʱƹʱһ㽫Ҷ״һʮܷ档
ûв´ĻӦþ˵ʦֶҶװɣҶ׵Ƣϰߣƹ΢²˵
Ŷƹģ˵ĵǲ٣˵ĺǰڷѩ۹ֲ˵ģ㲻Ҫ̫Ĺǣ
ˣھȥܾݵɣҶ֪ƹܹλãȻ˵ٶĻҲϻץʭӶѣʹƹİѻ˵ֱ֮ˡ
ҶֱĻƹҲ΢ЩΡûмôļɱ֣ϸһܶҲˡҶɱֹչģԺѩ۹ķֲܿҪȥ۹ɱֹᶼģԶְλȻǿϵġǶˡ
Ǻǣõģ߰ɣƹȻϲ˵ȴһЩʵڱСңΪɱֹᵱһ죬ĻҲܿҶ׽ȥӭӣһСȥ̽ˡ
ںˮ۹Ҷ׻ͷĿǵ˷ѩ۹Ѿͷˡֻէɱֶͷ컹ʮֲˡ
ڲƹĴ·֮£Ҷ֮ߵݵĵҵС
ĵҰǲׯĵұֱһһµĶԱȡ
˵ׯĵֻͨ˼ڵĵؽѣһмֱһƬҵǿݲƽǽڡôĵҼֱǻʹ
Ҷһ뵽ҵоͿһ¹ʯǶǽ֮ɢһɫĹâյҶ׻Ҳһһִﵽˬĸо
֮⣬ҵĵ֮ϸޱȾµĴʯذש¹ʯҫ֮£淺ɫĹâԵҵºݻˡ
ȻƾЩܹ˵ǻʹΪݳ޵ڵҵÿһǽ֮϶ǹһֻ챦ܡ֪޴ĻΪǷѩ۹ǸҳԱСأ
ʱҶױ㱻ޱݳ޵ոˡ
Ҷе𾪣ƹһЦƺڳЦҶֻһµӶѡ
ͷˣǵˣ˵ţƹ㽫һ޴ĴƿһһƬľҶ׵ǰ
˵İѾ˾ݻˣİ軹Ҫ˺ܶࡣ˵治ΰʶûƽɣȲˮǽǶʮɫʯʯ˵Ƿѩ۹ĻʹҲδؿϻôʽݻ
ЩҶ￴ݵƹһЩŸĳɷ֡
ôͷˣ˵ǲһҫأҶײͣĿΧİ裬ݵƹԽԴҫ˵
ͬʱʱѾһЩɱֹɱֲϵĴ˽
ƹôһ˵Ҷ׶ʱҲһЦ˵Ʊ࣬˵ЩѵںŸҪһأ
ڶ๫ԱѾԼλʱҶһ֮ǰŵ˵ʱ˵
ţǲݵƹ񣬾һЩɱֹ˶ҶŵĻҲһЩˡ
ҲǷǳҶ׿ָͷ죬ȻƽʱԸһЩɫİôĻ˵Щһˣǵļˣʮ˴Իᱻɱֹ׷ɱġ˵ƽʱжôˣҶ׵ǰҲҪֵľƽһЩġ
Ǻǣͷ죬˵ĻֻǾ¶ѡҶ׵ĻƹǺǺһЦ˵
˵ЩҪҲΪҶ֮ǰѾҶһǳϸĵ飬ڵ鵱˽⵽Ҷֻһ˼ٶѡҪļҲֻһƫԶɽС򣬸ûмʲô档ʦֶ¾ƾղ˵ЩҶѾɱ֪ٱˡ
ǼˣЩɱֹ˶ҶҲǳ˲м
Ǻǣ£Ҿ˵˵Ƿѩ۹ɱֹÿĴǶأ
ÿ껨ԼϵǮǶأƹĻҶ׶ʱһʵ
ò˵Ҷ⼸仰ʱͽ˵ƿԡ
ȷʵɱֹڷѩ۹ľӪȻǺܺãҲܻҶΪǵ붼


һٰʮ ɱ
ûɱֹ֮ǰҶױΪĴ󲿷֧ڹĻϣڷѩ۹Ȩĵ۹͸ҪȥһЩȨϵ⡣ʵȴˣǸǰѹʽ֮ϡҶʮֵĲˬ
Ȼһʱֻ˵һƤëĻҲ˹˵Ĳ
ˣΪһҷȰ㣬µ˴ˣܹôҲǸӣϣ㲻Ҫ̫ͱˣҶװһ˵֮󣬲ݵƹû˵һɱ˵Щͷվ˵
֮⣬ɱ˵һҲһν۹⿴ҶףͺǶһûһ˷
ŶɱֹЩһֹҶ׶ʱһֻǴ̵ĸо˵⽫ĵһ԰ڲƽôڷѩ۹Լʲôʱܹأ
һ뵽ҶԭһЩľͱޱȵһ˴ˣѾǣһֱôӣͷ컹ôɴǶɱˡ
ҸǣԺһжҪҵģǰˣǴڿʼǲҵģҲǱ񾳣鵤۷壬ͳͳҪ
ЦΪɱҿʺԶ˰ѣҶ׵ĻһͭɱֶʱЦ
Ϊͭɱ֣Ѿɱ˲һٸˣҲһȻһ֪СߺȣȻʮֲ
Ǿܸ˰ѻ˵꣬ͿһӰͻȻǰ͸оһ䣬ϰ°ּˡٿʱѾʼڵһ˺ѷεĲҽС
ϣ±Ͷ̥ʱһ˼ңʲôɱˣͭɱֽеôңҶֱһԴ̴ֱӽɱ
һӣ˶ֶθסˡ
һ鵤۷ĸ־ôֱɱѵֻ鵤ɵʵһʱ˶ֳĬˡ
ͳͳҹ£Ժ˵ǵ⣬Բܹɱ⣡һҶͬɱɱ䣬֮ǰĲƹҲ˫ȷֱӹ˵ϡͷĿѾ¹ɱҲŹ
һΪʯɱֵʥ߻䣬Դһ֮Ҷ׾Ȼƽһ·նɱյ춨Ϊɱĵ·
ãһʮĸˣԺңڷѩ۹ԺóԺúȣɾһҵ˵꣬Ҷ͵֣һɫ֮ת嵱еͺˮһ˽ٴǰһͣٴͬһŴ˳ȥԭڵϵ˶ʱֻصԼλˡûм٣֮ǰӵĴˡ
ɱ񾻻
ҶԴӼᶨԼΪɱ֮ɱ¼ֽһɱ֮֮ĸ
ǰϸѩе϶øң֮һҪѩ۹ǵϣǷҵϣԽԽãǸҰһطϢɣҶЩ֮󣬱㳯Ŵ֮ȥ
Ҷ뿪ƹƨһȥʮɱֶʱɫ죬ƺҶ׵ЩͬһЩѾˡ
ͷ죬û뵽ʵôǿᣬԺǷѩ۹ɱֹоˣʵҲôӣΪʵûʲô̫ΪǮҲֻܹԼԺ󲻻ˡܵҶ׵ɷ֮󣬲ƹʱһģҶ˵
ϣʲô͸ңһᰲģ⻹ļ޷񣬻ͷĿ˵ţƹ㽫ϷҶ׵ǰ
ҶûпģǽǱ޷˹
һǻɱ᳤̻ϡ
ڶǻɱѩ۹
ǻɱѩ۹᳤̻
ĸʶǻɱִϡ
ĸһͽǧö񣬶ĸķ˶ͬһˡ񣬻һöѺѺ𻹷ڹ棬˸Ҷɼ񷢲˵ˡ
ʲôôеʶѵ·ҷı𣿡Щ֮Ҷ̲µ˿϶ͷѩ۹ķʲôޣҲеìͷָˡ
֮⣬ڹ滹ʮǳֵЩǳ鷳˶ԸȥִУûµֻܹѹǮװιᣬֿݿʼˡ
鷼ڰѹ˶ǿʼʮֵ񣬴ӵһʼΪǹţҶ׽ƹй֮˵
õģΪͷĿƹȻ֪Щ񶼴ʲô
ʮһնɱϸѩͷĿѪɡ˵Ѫɺ֮Ҳкܶϵ֮ǰҰǵ̻ᱻҲǸѪкܴĹϵҶ׵һҪ֪ɽıʲôԼĸоҺѪҲкܴĹϵܿǶһ޴֯СӣΪľһصĴƻ
Ҷߵ̻ʱʮĸɱҲѾɱֹᵽ롣֮⣬ɱֹỹϰٸɱ֡ЩɱͨӰȥ٣֪˭ֻߣƷ߱𡣵ȻҲɱֹһͶȺ塣
ִЩΣյ񣬻ҪɱֹдģһЩɱֻ۵һܹ֮ίһЩҪ
ȻɱֹЩƽʱԼ飬ֲǵطҶᣬҲܾһҶָһֵҪָȥҫ
еɱֶˣҶҲߵ˵ǰ˵λҪһԵδǿǣòҪʲôȻҪ˳ҲᰴչƶȰ£Ҫ˳𣿡
һҶֻɽԼţ¹ѻʼɱֹˡ
Ҷ׵ĻЩɱֶû˵ʲôûԹԣҶһγȷʵһҶ˵ʲôЩ˾Ҳ㷢ˡ˵Ҳֻܹ˳˼ˡǸҪҶôһΪֵ
ãǲ˵ôҾ͵ͬˣҿʼǲϣҵĵһҪƯƯġ
Щ˶Ҷ׶΢ʣĲ֮󣬶ʱҶ׵̬ȸĹ١Ѿڴִнˡ


һٰʮ һûõĹ
˵ŷѪϸѩǵȨйϵҲһ̻ĴͷĿ̣һΪƷ͵ѩ۹ط˵һ㲻۵ĺ˺ɱ˿ħ
Ҷ׾ͽյϢ˵ŷѪ뵽ϸѩһ̸Щ顣ʱһ֣ͻᱻϴףһµĻ֣ҶױǾڸ̺ŷѪǢ̸ķ¥дɱ
һεж˵ҲǾɱֹܹܲ۷ˡ
Ǻ«Ǻ«
Ұǵҵֲͬǣϸѩǵҵ֮ϸĶǰ̯СһЩؤڵ֡ͨ˵·˺ٻЩؤǮؤҲֻ΢һת·
֪Ϊʲôؤرࡣ
֣ǮǮɣҶѾüûгԷˣһϵؤǮֵΪڿ죬ȫں֪ûϴˣһ·һ·˴Ÿ˼ʮײֵһǮһǮֻܹһӶѡ
ϵؤеһǮʱֻˣϽܵһӣȻһתͽһСͬ
ǸؤǴǮֻǸˣѹҪϵؤ͵͵ܵСȥԶʳؤһӵ˵
ֻû뵽ǣѾǼؤһ߽Сͱһģԭճϵ۹һգȻ¶˰׾ƤͬʱǰСĸҲչһòĹ
һգ۵ĹòȺУû˿ô߳ġΪֻܴ΢΢һ㶱Լ顣ǺܶС̯̯ò࿴˼ۡ
òһߣһ߿·С̯ϵĶ߽һС档ûߵСм䣬ͳһ󺺡
һòˮʱҪˡ
һôįҪҪ㰡
үҷǳᣬֻҪԸ⼸ʮģ˵Ŵ󺺴ԼĿڴͳһĻЦ˵
ԭΪòܾû뵽òﾹȻЦǺǵںҪòʱͻȻоɤһһѪĿ˳һͷԵڵϡһһģһĺ󺺴С˳ȥ
òת˲Լ󺺶ʱޱȰյ˵û뵽Ҳɻҽɻ쾹Ȼ֣Ҫҵ
ɺ󺺵ŷѪһ·߹ûпκθ٣߽˷ɾ¥
һ߽¥㽫еĳ͸˻ơһдѵĳСֵüЦͽ󺺴˰档ʱ󺺲ձԼģ
СˣʧԶӭո߽主̱˳һӭ
ǺǣͷĿλ鷳ˣͷûһ봦㣡ڸ̵ǰŷѪҲҪԼ˵ɼҲһ
ǺǣСɣǺô㻹ôңεĺôǺǰһﳤ𣿡ͷĿЦЦʵ
ͷĿﳤȥ£²Уɹˣ²ܽ壬οҵĴڲҲǸŪ˲ٺôѵǼ岻ҸˣͷĿĻŷѪɫһЩ˵˵
ŷѪı飬ͷĿʱҲЦһ˵СɣӦѾ˶ϣ˵Ҫ㿪ˣһ㱩¶ץѱ²ܹģ
ҪɱңȤֻҪǼһ
ˣͷĿͲҪ̸ˣһλγֵɣŷѪͷĿʮ𾴣ȴûеĳ̶ȡͷĿ˵ˣȻҲᷴġ
ǺǣôҾͲˣˣĻǽϵܵطһˣ˵ţͷĿ߳䳯ŷɾ¥֮ȥ
һ϶ͷĿ뿪ӰŷѪһ˵
ȻŷѪȻôζ뿪˵еĶܹ˷ѣôЩ˵ûκ洦
϶ΪҲ֪ǷкܴһʲƸǿ׬ģʵȲͺˣҪҸΣ˵꣬ŷѪ㿪ʼԶ
û뵽ǣ˿һɱѾˡ
Ա֮ŷѪֱһ۵ӷɾ¥˳ͺֻһĳʧһ
ͻȻ߽һڵС
˿ѾǺҹǲصĻᱻ˷ĿţȻоһƺʲô͵һͷȻһѷɵĶ˴
ɱ֣
ǰ϶Ҫҿˣоõɱ֣ŷѪʱЦһֱӱһתͬһöɵҲǴз˳ȥ
öɵɱҪɱİ
顱һöɵֱӴ̽ǽڣûš
֪ɱѾԭȵλˡ
ӣŷѪɱܹĸоһζĴɱͬѾһĴɱһмƻɱˣ
һ뵽ŷѪһͷݶ֮Ͽʼɱ˵˿̾㱩¶ԼҲϸѩҪǿ֪ٱˡ
ʧǣոݶ֮Ͼ鵤۷ĸְΧˡ
ಡ
һööɵЩ鵤۷ĸгŵķ˳ֱŷѪϾ˹ȥ
ҿŷѪȻЩɵȴ±ЩסΪܹоЩֻСආѣĸֻںأ
ò˵ŷѪȻֻǱСɵǿߣٶѾﵽ۷塣Ҫߣƾ⼸鵤۷ɱֻǲܹġ
ܿϸѩ֮⣬ѾǻĽҰ⣬ˡ
ûϸѩǵĸͣһ΢ƫƧϿ濪ʼȴ
Ầ׷ɱԷɱ֣һɶŷѪ顣Ҫ֪ɱɱѾ˼ʮˣôں⼸鵤۷ɱ֣
ȻŷѪȴʱ鵤۷ɱҲǺܿ͸ϵˡ
⼸ɱ֣ŷѪ¶ʮοЦݣλѵ𣬻ǼҪ͵鱨أ
˵ɣ˭ɱң˵ҽͲˣվɱֵǰŷѪûаţһ޿ֵĲ̬ȡ
˵⼸ɱּΪĿˡ
ŷѪĽɱֲûκηӦƺǻڵ˵ĵ
ಡʱ񾳵ɱֳ֣ʮɱһӽŷѪΧ˵С


һٰʮ ɽ
ţҾ˵ɱҲôأҲûйϵҲаֵ֣ǣȻŷѪ֮󣬶ʱİִӵ֮˳ЩһɽĴ磬񾳵ʵΪҳϵˡ
ɱһʮҲǿߣ˵ռˡ
ֵǣɱǰɣܶԷɱ֣ÿһɱмΪײеɱֻҪбһֱȻӲӲĶƴ
ŷѪ㻹ôļŷѪ׼ֵʱͻȻһߴɱֵĺˡ
ﳤϣȻˣͷŷѪʱЦ
ôﳤϣѵǼɱҵģԼҪģ
ŷѪĻﳤǸɸһЦ˵СӣҪͷûйϵҪҪһǷǳҵȥ
ǳҵȥ
㻹ǸЦ˵˻أﳤֱ޳ܵЦŷѪ㳯һ̵̲ס˵
ݣϵľ㣬˵ҪȡҵͷҲûйϵȻҲ֣Ͼһˣһͷﳤϳ֮ŷѪѾԤеԼѾûʲôߵϣˡ
߸ôܹߣԺҵĹϵҲǻǳӣһ԰Լǰûи˵ĻһӶ˸ʹ죬⵹ﳤϵıһΡ
϶ȴûбֳ˵ðСӣȻôңôҾǿΪҼһһͷĢɣ
˵ĢŷѪʱɫһ䣬Щˡ
֪ĢͷʵǽΪʹ޵ֲһҺ棬Ȼûо飬ǿܶ˱Ģͷϰ껹ҹҹҪʹӡҲΪʹͷĵط
ΪɱֻҪһͿԽһĥԷǾˡ
ƨɱһĢŷѪǼˣ
һ£ߵ¶ŷѪеͷЩͨɱôȲ񾳴ɣѾ޽ӽ۷ͷ
¸¸£û뵽һзƻͦõģҺŷѪѾƴ鷼ʱҲһЦ˵
˵ɱŷѪ˵һɵĻôֻҪ˻ƴôɱŷѪͻü򵥶ˡ
Ҷ׵һ뷨
ǵ΢ٵһȣȵ˫ܾ˵ʱٳ֣ǸﳤǲģֻҪŷѪͷ­ˣǻҪע⣬ҪɱŷѪҪɱ£ǿ϶ˣǰѾʼҵɱҶǻ˵
Уͽˣ鷼Ҷ׵Ļܿʧǰ
ʱŷѪļѾﳤϵɽƴһˡ
Ȼﳤϵڶ࣬ŷѪߵ±ȽһЩһȥﳤϱ鵤۷¡ͬҲŷѪһˡ
ʱŷѪҲѾﳤϵĸǰ
ﳤϣ֪Ǳ񾳴ɣѾ޽ӽ۷壬ҲǱСɵʵǰǰŪѣ
ƽʱҿܲңǽŪһ涨ˣھͿ˭ɣﳤϵǰ֪ʲôʱһѪɫ
Ѵ֮Ϲ˵۾ֻЩ۾һˮġֻҪ֪΢֪ˣѪɫʲôɱ˱񾳴ɣ۷ֵϸһѾʮ˸ˡ
ֻҪһóܹ죬˵ԼﳤϣѻŰɡﳤϻȻӭȥŷѪ˽˭ࡣ
ŷѪȣŵһɫĹȡէһȺһִϸȥȴȸͲһʯ̳ģ滹ţƺʲô˼ҲŷѪΪĵط
ܹ֮ߵΪһκõ𽥴һͨɽΪڰͨԵĴУ˷ôϧз磬Ҫɱˣ
ﳤϣȻҪҵҾҼʶʶʵɣ˵ţŷѪ㵥ᵽﳤһ̣еȻųһѪɫĹââʱʱһԼĺ汬Ӳﳤϵ塣
ŷѪʽﳤǰЦеĹҲԾ漴˦˳ȥ
ˡһŷѪᵶһ㿳ŷѪеĹ֮ϣֻһ㽫ŷѪеĹȴֱɫĹâǹ֮ɫâ˸ŷѪеȻ
ৣﳤеĹȻŷѪеճţ͵һתһȣֱŷѪļͷ
ŷѪףﳤֻһҡֻʱܹŷѪļ˿ʮֵĻǾֻôһţȻŷѪļߵķ顣
顱һŷѪ㱻ﳤϸ߷ɳȥдѪҲǴŷѪļͷ˳
СӣҿܶΣһ͵͵ͱ˴򶷵ĳ档֪ٶȴ΢ٶһЩμʰ㣬ҲۺҵٶȣβҪκνҵɣŷѪˣﳤϲûκνҵٴȥ
ৡһӣﳤٴŷѪ
֨֨ŷѪȻͷĹ飬˿ڻǺܿͱ֮øӵǿ׳
ѪֹﳤٴŷѪеȻѪЩѪ֮Ϸɿתеһ˷˵С
һŷѪǵյбű㿴˳ȥͬʱͣĲȻâֱӾͽﳤϵӰȫ档
ﳤϿŷѪһУٴЦһеĹȶʱâɣһɫСɽֱӽﳤϰͬʱһɫСɽеḺ֮́ﳤ˦˳
ͿﳤϴӰ֮о˫ȣȨȥһɫõСɽʹǹ
ˡһӣСɽȻƫеѹŷѪ
Сӣеǵر׵ıóרŶԸ㣬Ҳ޺ˣСȻƫеѹŷѪﳤҲǶʱ˵
ؽױʣŷѪɫʱҲһеѪɫҲǵؽױؽױʲôڱ񾳵ǿУؽױﻹܹû


һٰʮ ȸں
ۿһСɽҪԼϣŷѪʱҲǸоһоȫѪⶼҪһ֪ҲﳤҪʼԼ·ˡ
Խֶӵ£Խǲܹǣֵµӣֻܹ϶϶ɫĶʲôѵĴ㣬ôôİ
һСɽѾŷѪѹĻֱ죬һܹ̾ѹֳ࣬ȴһӡ
ֻȻںжȴѾ
ҿһŷѪȫļ͵еѪɫҲǳ˴ƬѪɫ·һɹѪҲǴŷѪйȥֱһѱٴࡣ
ĳŷѪȻŵһѵؽױﳤϵĵؽ׹ȵƷʻҪ˲ֹһɡ
ǼˣŷѪȫ֮£һɹѪɫǽСɽѪɫԽԽ͵ƣһֱӽɫСɽֱӸ˳ȥ
ʱﳤϵӰҲڴ˳ǰ
һﳤõȭͷ
顱һﳤһȭֱӴŷѪǰ֮ϣֻһȭͽǰش飬žžֱһ
ۡһŷѪٴ³һѪ絽Ѫɫ֮ϡһѪɫƺҲʶԼϣȻѪһѪɫҲǴѪɫ֮ϲֱﳤϵ塣
һﳤϲ֪ŷѪͬʱ֮еѪȻܿƵıŷѪŷѪ塣
ֲÿ˶̵ܹʱ֮ڻָһСˣܵȫѪڿʧﳤҲ΢΢һ㶱Щջ˵
š顱һﳤеȨٴη⣬Щϸ΢Ѫɫ־Ȼֱ飬ﳤϿʼЩ԰׵ɫٻһЩ
˴˱˴ˣܹұƵ֮ϵģĿǰ˵㻹ǵһأﳤ˺ŷѪǿںѪһ˷ܵЦ˵
ŷѪϵĹٴηžžž徹Ȼ̵ʱ֮ڳ״ָˡͷԭЩɵıʱ
ͷô㻹ܹɱ𣿡νʵʵĶƴ֮ŷѪûˣԼʵԽԽǿʱﳤϵɫҲǱԽԽˡ
СӣΪûа취㣬ʵѾ߹һЩ˵ЩΪʱˣŷѪ˲ӣﳤϵ͵ı׺ͬʱеĹȸǱԽι״ţһĶеȨ֮չ
ʱﳤеĹƿյ͸ǿˣһؽױƿյĹܣɱֱӱʱﳤٴŷѪʱ򣬾ٶҲ˲һӡһӾŷѪЩܲסˡ
ϲĶǷҪˣǺãҲҪߣŷѪоﳤϵٶΪеĹȱ仯ÿֿ࣬־ҲǶʱӡ
һ̣ﳤѾٴߡ
ৡһӣﳤٴеĹֱӻŷѪľ
һŷѪ˫ս˫ƴĸ񵲲ǿסﳤϵһȡﳤϵŲȿգһֱֻӵȵŷѪеѪɫ֮ϣֱӽԼ嵯ɳȥԾ߿գҪƵŷѪ
оﳤϵͼŷѪҲ͵ƶǰ˫ֽѪɫŰ֮оͷնȥ
һѪɫâʹŷѪеѪɫзնȥֱ֮еﳤײšϧһѪɫâ޷ﳤϵٶȣͬʱеĹҲǺݺݵŷѪĶͷ
СӣǶ㲻˰ɣڶŷѪһη֮ﳤϵٶٴӣһѾ쵽ŷѪ޷ĳ̶ȡ˵һٳֱȻܹŷѪֱӻɱ
ﳤѽ־ڱصõĶŷѪ͵ǾȻ¶ЦݡǺǣ϶˭֪أ
Ȼﳤϲ֪ŷѪΪʲôЦǶ˵Ѿνˡ
һﳤϵһٴŷѪѪɫ֮ϣﳤֱһžŷѪǰءʱŷѪǰؾȻٴηһޱȻǰص߹ٴαﳤ߶ϣŷѪҲ˳Ƶɳȥ
顱һŷѪˤһߡ˿̣ﳤһȥ֮ǰŷѪķӦٶȣûзӦѾﳤֱӽ˺ˡ
ʱŷѪûжٶ˳վ˿ﳤϵⲻڶǱԼִˡ
ȻŷѪ޳̶ȣǲ̽ŷѪɱģǻὫֱӴԼĸֳۡΪԼĢ
ۡһﳤϣŷѪһֱֱӱи
ǾʱͻȻоһ˿ֵĵط
ΪŷѪֱиʱȻûзɽκεѪһޱɵĸо˵ŷѪһֱۣôĿܾ֪ԼôѾ׼͵Լأ
һ壡ﳤϷӦʱͿԭŷѪϵһϱ֮оȻѪ
ৡһӣﳤϱоԼǰȻһƬѪֱӽԼȫ赲ͬʱŷѪӰҲʧǰ
ãŷѪĹƣﳤϸоŷѪʧҲһǿҵĿ־Ȼ͵һеĹȣһƬɫĹâٴųȥ
ˡһЩɫĹâԽԽʢҪǮһܷ䡣һʱԭﳤϺŷѪߵиɿľֱӱķ飬ҲǱɫâ̵ǧٿס
Ǽ˻޷赲ŷѪѪɫնɱ
ѪȾ£һŷѪﳤϵĸǰ˫ֽѪɫ˫Ÿ棬޾һ𱬷ȥɫâʱѪɫâҲǽŷѪеѪɫ֮ͷųֱϵ塣
һֱ˵ҶڴӰ˯ѵ״̬֮ѹˣﳤ֮ǵжʽʼ
Ҷ׵ļƻ÷ҵ˺ŷѪڧȻŻ֡
Ȼڷɾ¥Ҳһǳõѡ
Ҷ׵ļƻ
ǵŷѪ֪֮ŷѪʵҪǿҪ࣬дѾնɱ߰˸ǿҲǼٵġʱҶײų׸ıεĴɱƻȫٳŷѪͷҵľѡ
Ȼһ֮£ҵ˶ŷѪǳʧȥˡ


һٰʮ 
š䡱һһ޴ѪɫâֱӺﳤɫĹ֮ϣʱﳤȫĹҪѹķһɫĹѸʧֱӽƵ״̬ﳤϸˡ
ߣһС϶´㣬ûôõˣ뵽ŷѪЦһ
ʱļѾҵ˻ƴһ롣ȻѾˣĸҲǷ̶ֱͬȵˣǷҵҲ˹룬ûҲѾɥʧ˴սֻҪŷѪ΢־ܹЩҵʿɱ
ǾʱһɱִӺڰ֮˳
ʮĸɱֱӽǰΧЩһ֣ƺһָۻ̬ȡ
ǿߣа˸鵤۷ĸ֣ӦһˣʵɱˣܷҵҲģ˵ֶζԵЩҵࡣһ˵ɱֶȴǸࡣͬʱһóԼ٣ŷѪпһ͸޷ˡ
һ뵽ԼЩȷʵ˲ٳˣһֱ۵ŷѪ뷨
û뵽벶ȸںˣԺӾҰף˭ץҲǲˣһ뵽ŷѪѾҪ̳뿪뷨
ǡһӣԭߴȻСһһ׶ߵСˡͬʱٶҲǼӿࡣһȻʧںҹС
ߣӻԸУоŷѪ뿪ҶҲǲ׷ȥ
ɱֹ֮ԻһͬҶ׵ļƻһԭǿԱѪеĸɵŷѪĴ󲿷¡һԭҲΪŷѪ׷ɱҶԼһɡ˵ҲŵĻᣬͬʱҲɱֹЩŻָɵʱ̡
ǿҶ׶׷ŷѪġ

ɱ֮𣡡
Ҷ׵ӰҲʧںҹеʱֱӽͬʱʩչ֮䣬ٶֱӾʮֹһŷѪ
ŷѪܣȴǾһֻû뵽Ȼһ鵤ɵɱ׷ͻȻоԴ㶺һͻȻЩãȻ
һ֮ŷѪŻͣʱҶѾ׷Ҷ΢ֱӿɱΪ֮ŷѪֱЦ˳СһòǼʲôƭ˵ɱֹɣѵһִ񣿡
ҷȰǵͷܣĺܲҵģԽ˵ŷѪɫԽ˵Ŀһвζˡ
ŷѪСԼҶҲûʲôջģʮƽ˵ŷѪҲµûĻԺĴǹ¼ҹ˽Ҫʱ޿̷ɱ˵ĶԲأ
ò˵ҵǱˣʲôϵأ
һ׷Ķȴûи൱ڰˣ㻹лȥĻ𣿡Ҷ׹վȴûжѵϣŷѪʱһЦĳ嶯
ǺǣȻôɵҿԸ㣬ҲһķǳãӽԺҲҵˣŷѪһ׳յı飬ҶҲû˼ȥЦֱ˵˵
һŷѪʱһָӷĸоСӣǲ˰ƾһ˾ҪշңҸʲôôأ
ˣ˵㱳һĻֱӾͿ԰񶨣ѵ֪Ҹոհѷҵܾ𣿡
Ҫ֪˿ǲϲǳϲɵģԳ㹻ɣҵ£һֱӰж˿ģ֪ΪʲôŷѪͻȻϲǰСӣͻȻʲôطԼ񡣲Ҳܹɱˣǵʱɱˡ
ںĵ£Ǹ֪СӾʲôƾ裬Ȼ˵ôŹֵĻ
ò˵һкĶẦèһ˶Խȥġ
ǺǣҾ֪һỳҵʵ֮ǰһЩҪ˵ģ˵⻰еôͿһ˵ĻûеȻɱңôŷѪһŵĿԼҶû˿ĵӣֱ׳˵
ã˵ɣֻʮʱ䣬Щʱ棬Ļܹ⣬ѪιҵѪɫˣȻҲǾҶ׵ĻȽȤʱǳѾ˷ˡ˵ҶҪʱ䣬ôȴĽܾܿ
˵ֻһҿϣǾ֣ܵҪҪԼȫұɱĲҰûйϵϧ뵽֮󣬱㿪ʼΪȻЩҲңȴһ񣡡Ҷ׿ŷѪЩı飬˵
һɣ϶޷ŷѪģҶȻ뵽һӴĵ˵ǣ֮⣬һһǾңһҵɱ˵Ϣһܹ㱨㲻ŵĻǿԽһ£ô
ò˵˵лһ仰ϲ
ɣɱ㣬Ҿ뿪ɱ㣬һˣôԺ͸ˣǰ꣬ŷѪʱЦ
ʱҶҲǽԼ߸ժŷѪͻȻʶԼĶҲһʮѡ
ãܹ˵һҲˣҸҲί
µſǲҰɱˣ˵ˣñĥǿϾɱֳôһģɣŷѪһ˵ЩֱҶסȻȱһֱֻۣǶõǼڵʵԸһͨıǿ߻ûģοֻһ鵤ɵꡣ
ľܹ˵㲻ܹԽɱУʵ϶Ҳǿô׼ԸҶ׵ʱҲһۣ̫С
СӣҪҸȳһɣȻŷѪĲһӰͬһһֱҶףͬʱеѪɫҲ˦ֱֱҶһࡣ
һ˵ǷǳĺݶһҶױѪɫкֱܾܿӱնˡ
˿Ҷ׼ȻҪսŷѪȻӦķŷѪһʱҶ׵ѪҲ漴֡
ŷѪյͬǣҶ˫յĻҲԾ𣬲ŵĲŷѪĵײһ𡭡


һپʮ ҵ
һҶ˫յǿǽŷѪֱӸɳȥ嵹ɵľŷѪҪԶ
顱һҶ׵ֱײһŴͣû뵽ŷѪȱһֱ۵ʱôǿ˫ֿһܹɱˡ⻹Ҷʹɱ֮¡
Ȼﻹɱ񾻻ûбʹó֮Ҷ׻ɱУŷѪĽҶﻹǶһЩʤġ
Сû뵽ʵĻҪǿƾ͵ΪֹˣȥɣŷѪ˿ǵֳֵٶȴ˿ûзļһֱֺײơ
̡ԼƴĵɳȥŷѪȻ˫ųŵͣĲӿ죬ٴγҶڵķ߳˹ȥ
֮ǰֻҪ̽һҶ׵ʵһβֵʱˡ
ɱŷѪܵһһԾһ˫˲Ĵִޱȣʮ׵ľһԾ֮бɺ֮飬ͬʱᵶֱնҶ׵ͷ
ৡһӣѪɫ䵶Ӱ֮ҶκηӦĻᡣ
ŷѪΪʽҶҲǺη壬Ϊ͵ŷѪʹһУĻʤ㼸ûС
ɢն
ΪԭأҶ׵ʱԻǱȽϳġһӽͬʱʹóҲǲɷ˵ķ
ৡһӣһѪɫâҲŷѪײһ
Сô⣬ˣҾɣŷѪյֱ£ͬʱһֱҲ͵ıֱ֣׹ݺݵҶеѪһ̩ͬɽѹֱӾͽҶѹ˵֮ϡ
䡱һҶֱӱڵϣȰŵأֱӽѹһһ׵ӡһŷѪѾռݾԵʱ򣬶˵ɱҶײǷ顣
Сӣû뵽˯˾˸ͷȱʬ壬ǲһʻѪҾ˰ɣ˵һѪɫѪ˿ȻŷѪѪɫ֮ӳȥֱҶ׵ϣšҶױоԼѪʼŷѪŷѪ𽥿ʼָ۷״̬
оЩҶ׶ʱҲһЩţŷѪøӵ
СһֱӵͷܣٶŷѪǾ׷ϵģϧ㾹ȻҪҵСܣЦˣɱǶĳͷŷѪٴͷŸĺɫѪ˿ֱӴѪɫ֮չ뵽Ҷ׵棬һ֮ϵĴ󲿷ѪܱҶȫһ
˵ֻҪʮʱܹҶѪҺһ룬ʱҲˣ
ǾʱһֱȴҶҲ¶õЦݡ֮ǰֵޱʹ;ŵıǽȻֲͬ״̬ŷѪʱһֱ͵Ϯĸо
ŷѪ㵱ɵɱֲʿ˵Ļôܵ棬ʵһնɱһûлᣬϧ̫̰κһ˿һĺôϷŹҲǷһҪԭ򣡡
֮⣬ηҪ㣬ҲҾİŵģȻʵֻһССƲĻͻͷҷıֲҶ˵ʱ̱仯ȻŷѪӣ˵ϢŷѪûκŷѪʱһ㶡
ֻһĹҶ׷ˡ
ҶȫٶʼȫԼѪҺͬʱҲǽԼӡĵֱ˳һѪ棬ֱѪɫâʼʡ
ͬʱһǿҲǴҶӡзĵһֻƵɡ
žһҶ׽һֱֻŷѪѪɫ֮ϣŷѪͿһѪɫ·Ȼʼ𽥷ŴһֱӽѪɫĹȦ档һŷѪѪʼҶˡ
ֵٶֱӳԽҶ׵ʮӵʱ䣬ʣѪҺͱҶֱեɡ
š顱һֱӱըֻʣһͷ­ˡ
ʣһͷ­ŷѪûһʮƵʵСһܹĳͷҲ޵ģҲϵһ⣬ô÷ҺҷĿΪҾͻһܣ
ŶŷѪĻҶҲ΢΢һ㶡
ʱŷѪѾܹٵˣֱֻ˵һרŸһЩ۹ǿн飬רŸһӺڰ֯£һ޴ı˵ˣ
ŷѪ仰˵һҶľ飬Ѿˡ
˿Ҷ׸Ͻ˵ԭܼ򵥣ǾģŸ˻˵Ҫͻǧܹ÷ҵ֪˶ѣ
û뵽һֱҪ˷ңһֱԥһұҳĲԹ˵ţŷѪһˡ
ʱŷѪڵ㻭һţ㳹ȥ
ʲôŷѪͷڵµĹŹַţҶ׵Ҳ΢һ㽫УųĨŴŷѪͷ­ԭ·ءص֮ǰطʱһսѾеɱҲѾʧʣµֻзҵӥȮŷѪʬס
ôҵ˵УҶһϳﳤϡ
Ҷ׵ҲŲ顣
ΪԴ˼֮Խ¶Ⱥɢ͵޶ȣһʯͷûʲôھǷҵϰٸֺǿߣҲƾԼȫЩ˵οһʥߵΪأ
ҵ˴սΧʱ֮󣬱㽫еʬߣʧҶ׵ĸ֪ΧҶҲǴŷѪͷ­صɱֹľݵ㵱С
顱һ뵽Ҷױ㽫ŷѪͷ­ĵԲ֮ϣصԼͷ챦
ŷѪͷ­ҶײŲæı飬鷼һžȵıһ̸ɰͰ͵ͷ­ǰ
ɱҲǳɣǶҶ׵ʵɱŷѪǶֻһͷĵȴ鷼ȥ
оһ̵ľĶǣ鷳Ҳ̲ס˿ڿˮ΢΢Ľͷ­ĺ첼⿪ˣһʺɫͷ­˵ǰľٶһӽ˵Ŀȥ
һͷ­ȻǺˣ滹һЩǳ̵˰̣Ǵӱ˵ȷʵǡ


һپʮһ ڶп
ȷʵŷѪͷ­һͷ­֮󣬲ƹҲԼ̲ס˵
ЩȻûеȥЩ񣬵ƽʱЩһЩоģŷѪϵǾоֻû뵽ǣǵһμŷѪ˾ȻǱһһͷ­
ŷѪͷ֮һʴҺɽ˿ڣ˿һǻʾĻŪ˵ģ㾡һĲҲԼ˰Ūģ
Ȼ鷼ʵǿģļȴһļ֮˲ſʼҶɱŷѪʵ
ŷѪأŷѪͷ­ѾЩҲ̶ãֻܹһЩ٣һ񾳵ɱת忴Ҷ׻ʵ
ŷѪҲЩ̫ˣŪþʲôķŪģⱾϵһѪ⡣
ɱֹ˵ѾһδεˣһЩΪֱһЩƵͷƭȡͽԹɱǶһٸ׵ϰߡ
Ҷ׵ĻشԽٴ
ԱˣҶʮָɴ˵·ɱŷѪִֻеΪƽһѡ
ԱˣɱֿŷѪͷ­֮ʮֲβ˿ڣ̲ס̾
˿ڿʮֵĲǲò˵Ա޼ֻԱҲʵ̫Сһɡ
˿Ҳ̫Сˡ
ôһʺ
ЩʵҶ׶ʱҲ
ôǾ𣿡Щɱָֹı飬ҶʱһĸоеһҲѾˣǲЩ˵һȻ
ʱһֱŷѪͷ­Ա߿˰ıɱڷˡ
ҶףҶͷ죬ͷǳ׷ˣɱֹᵱУͷΨһһ񾳴ɵɱ֣ҲΨһһɱ֣ƹҲҪġ˵ɱֹƹ಻һˣͷҶ׵ĵλ˵ͷȷʵŷѪġ
һɱֶҶ׵ֱ̬Ӿͱϵˡ
ŶĳҵˣЩɱֵһ̬Ҷײǿ¶һ˿º͵ЦݡͬʱҲǽԼĿ⳯ٴδһȦŷЩ˶ɫ죬ԼĵлЩìܵ⡣
Ҷ״˿ĶûУʱȴǣʱȵʱ̡ΪЩҪߵĵ·ֻЩܹҵһӹԵδ
ҲԸ⳼ŵڶɱֳɱֶҶ׵ǰһҶ׵Լͷˡ
ãͷ鷼ɱֹ֮ʱԺҵ֡
УԺɱֹ֧ȫǵʳҲҪƣͬʱҪ׼һѵЩ֮Ҷٴ˵һƵĻԽƶ̵ƶȣЩɱֲܹصĳҲҶ׵Ľ̵
Ҷ׸ЩɱʱһЩ֮ҲǻصԼķ档
ǺǣЩСԺǲʲôˣҶʵһڶӣҲʹЦ
˿֮Ҷȴûôֹۡ
ô㻹Ϊڶ𣿡Ҷֿı飬Ҳֵʵ
ȷʵȻҶ׺շЩɱ֣ʵźܶ⡣ʣǾŸ͸ӵͷʹ
ΪЩÿһѶȶεһһɣǾҪĴȥɵڶҶΪյ顣
ɱɽͷĿɣһֻɱɽɽͷĿйϵѾˣڶֱӾɱŷѪҪѲĶɡ
Ϊɺٻ뿪ɽկдĿ꣬һǷǳС;ˣִܹĻ֣֮ҡ
ˣȲЩˣȿҵľܲҵΪ鵤۷ɡȻڶͷʹҶҲ֪ЩǼģڵΪӦˡ
һ鿴֮Ҷ׿֮ǰоһʮһɱǧɱİǧɱŷѪһľֱӾʮǧˡ
Խҵʵ鵤۷ˣҶ׸ܵԼϢѾʼ΢΢仯֮󣬱ֱӽԼľȫͶȥ
һʱ䣬Ҷ׵ȫͺ뵽һ¯棬֮ϴŵĴҩҲͬٺ뺣һ뵽Ҷ׵֮еһ棬˿֮ԭֹ鵤Ҳ΢΢Ļζϵһһ˽ʮﵽ֮ࡣͬʱɱ¼֮һ⿪

⼸֣ҶͻȻоһ䣬Ҳһֻսĸо
ǺǣСһû뵽㾹ȻҲѧˣҿɸ㣬һַǳݶ򲻵ǧܹʹãȻĻǳصģ
һ޼͸ӵľлˣҲǴûʹùͱɱˣȰʹ֮ǰҪ˼еģܵҶѧ֮˷ܵĸоҲԴ˵
ҶȴôΪ
˵ǰֻΪʵķ͹ôܾܿɱУ޼н
ͬʱɱ¼ֽ֮һɱ֮ۡ
ɱ֮ȻҲΪ̽䱾ʲ֪̽Ҫǿٱɱۣ֮Ļд͸һеǿá
֪ǰһҶ׿ҶѾ½ǿսֵУȻһС
ʱͻȻ˺֡
ͷ죬ɽʮ֮һδжɽͷҲ֣֪ǲӦһĲ𣡡Ҷһ֪ͷ
ţûᣡ
鷼żеɱ֣ɽжǰ콫񷢲ȥϸһ񷢳ǰģҶ֪ԼٴδչֵĻᵽˡ
ɱɻʮͷʹģµηˣܹоƺѪҲһֿᰮѪ֮½ٴ
Ļ⿿ǵԽŷѪֱɱġɱɵĻᡣҾ鱨һȺɽǶ߱ʿǿߣɽͷĿǶʮλȫǱ񾳵ľ硭


һپʮ ɽ
Щ֮Ҷٴλɱɵļʾֱ֮ǰɵ񣬱ڵֻ֮ǱնɱŷѪļʵôһѡ
Ҷ׿ʼ˼βֽɽͷһɱʱɱֹɱҲڵһʱһǰǵƺû֮ǰôƽһЩɱֻһЩӵˡ
Ҫ֪ΪɱҲǶȫģһЩǰҲǻᵨӵġǺʿ֮𡣶ɱɽͷ춭۷ɵѾһˡ
ôƺмһ˵ӰЩɱһһĬӣҶͻȻˡ
Ȼɱ֣аԼԴϵϵ뷨ĻȥİȫһЩѩ۹ʵҲǰ̫꣬ʱһЩˣҪѷҾ֧źá
Ҷͷ죬Ƕ֪ʵͨ죬ΪɱɽͷĿƺѶ̫󣬾ȫҲδܹɱѡĿ̶һѵôȷϮǸ̶ӣҶ׷̬ȵʱһֱԱŵһɱ֣ΪʱЩε˵
ɱֵΪ׷ǿģҲܵɱֱһվ˵һЩɱԸ⵹Ҷ׶Ĵ󵨱ʾ
Ϊǰɣ˼ף޷ǾǶҵжϱʾɣӲԼɱɵ𣿡ò˵Ҷ׵һֱӾͽƵɱֵĶ档
һɱ˵ʲô£ǾǲԼһһɱֶԼɣǿ¾ְҵߵĩˣҪ̭ˡЩ׳ɱ˵ֱǲ̵顣
Ҷ׶ôһ仰֮Ϊʱˡʵ˵ʱٶ˵ʲô¾ͲǺҶԣɱֶΪҲһķС
ΪԼһĬҶҲ΢΢һЦּ˵ǳؼΪΰɱɽͷĿ֮ϸѩ֮еͿ
ʱٴģȡµɱ֣ϸѩǶΪǵΧٶӡĻɱֹỹĬȥģ
ȷʵЩɱֹˣĸҪĸҪΪˡĻǲΪһɱ֣ҪʱΪɱֹ෴еˣܵȨˣһ˫н
ãҵһͬ⣬ֻϣͷܹ֮󾡿ĳŵҶ׵Ļһ񾳵ɱվ˵
˽ɱֹ֮бȽϾͨҽɱ֡һС˿ڣжֻҪڻϲκġ
Ҳͬ⣡ƹڶվ˳˵
ɱֶ׷ױʾͬ⣬ҪЭҶչɱֹᡣǲܹɱֹḲǵѩ۹ӶΪѩ۹г˻֮ĵ
ǺãȻǶͬ⣬ھͰҵļƻ˵һˡҶױ㽫ԼļƻЩɱ˵һ顣Ǳ㿪ʼһۣܿ㽫һȷļƻƶ
ȷҪͻϮ̶Ŀˡ¾ԼҲܹȷɡ
ڷѩ۹뺮ˮ۹֮һɽһɽ걻ѩǣһĺﴩһֱ쵽ˮ۹Ϸ
ΪһƬɽǳӣɽŤɽޱȸӣиЩ͵ޣҲǵɽ֮д󲿷ֵ˼ֻһСֵΪٵͨɽûĵط
ҶΪһͨ·߳ϸѩǿʼһɽ֮нΪľǻɽ֮ҵɣȷҪ̶ӵĿꡣĿ겻ȷôҪɱϼˡ
ʵҶҲѰɽϳдɱһɱֹͲǽдɱǺɽȺƴһɱɹĻɱֹܿܶȫûġԲҶԸ⿴顣
ɱֹһϣûǾԲģͬʱ𺦹飬ɱֹҲǲʵеġҶײҪֻǱ뻢ѨҪ̽
һҶ׵ĴʮֵͨߵĹ֮УҲһٻһЩ·˼ұѡ֮ͨĵ·ʵ̫ˣһ֧СУԱֹһЩ޵ϮɽǲЩ˵ġ
Ҷ״ʱ㿴ǰһڻǰУǵ֮ŴĻҶܹо̶ӵͷĿбȻһöָЩ̶˵Ķȫڴָ棬̶֮ϰڵЩͨɫ
Ҷ鲻ԽԼָ֮ϴŵĴָ
öָġһö͸ģһöǴӶġ
ΪĴֵָֻǧȻʱ˵ֱһʲСĲƸǺŷǧһ˵ֻһҶѣƽ˵һҲꡣ
ǸʱȡƷͨȡ˵һöָģ˵ʱģĿռȻܴ󣬵ȴסһʥǿߣôܼҶСء
˵ƽʱסڴָ棬ֻʱŻҶ棬Ҷ׵ǰҲΪʲôٵõٵĴָʱ˷ˡ
Ҷ׵ĴָǿεģҲ˵ҪʾĻƽʱ֮ǿһöָġٵĴָҲǼΪأûп֮´ָǿԺ˵ѪΪһġҲΪʲôɱ֮ûҵָԵʡ
Ҷȴ̶ͷĿָϿôһöͨĴָ֪еһЩˡ
˵ܹҵһЩ⸽ɽֻһɽһɽҲܹҵˣһ̶ӣҶ̴Ӻȥ
̶һһ̶֧ҲǾ·ϣܹһ߳һƬڰش
ȻɽҲɵӡǶԹ̶Ҳȫ٣ĽѡĻһŭ¾۹Ļ岻֣Ҳ̻һַˡ
ҵһ̶֧ӾһɽϵĿꡣ
ԶҲоɽ֮ϵ֮̽һͷԵˡûþУиɽۼֻЩɽ࣬ʵȴǿͷɽСͷĿҲ鵤Сɵʵ


һپʮ ɽ
̶ߵһΪƧ֮ʱЩɽȻ·ɽ֮һ·֮ǻߺںţһ֧ԭΪһ̶ӶʱήΪһš
һ̶ǰɽͷĿߺȵ·ͨתʮ䣬ÿ·ͣˮȣǻǲأ
仰˵ľǣ̶ӱϵ·ϵˣɽǿˡÿһ·һЩۣ·Ȼǳ࣬ҪһЩǮ׸ǲ
ɽСͷĿһƤ̶ӵͷĿϽԼĿڴȡһЩݸɽСͷĿСͷĿ˵еĳоԱ׼ߡ
ʱһʮ־СɽͻȻ̶ͷĿϴŵһö̶ָߵСͷĿ˵ϴǸͷϴŴָ
һ˵ָҺܶʱҪҲ򲻵ġЩСͷĿƽʱҲѲ顣û뵽β㱻̶ͷĿɻأһɽСͷĿЩջˡ
϶ΪԼָҾͿҸ㣬Խ̶ӵʧԽ󣬶ҽҪ̶ӵȫˣɽСͷĿߵСɽѣ·ܴܵһͲ޲ֱһ̶֧ӵȫˡ
һ̶ӵɫҲˡû뵽Լ쾹ȻһӣҪԼȫɱ⡣һʱ̶ӵĻҲ
ʱ̶ӵͷĿȻŽҵЦǺǵǰȥɽСͷĿ˵λ޷ƣʵϽָֻһЩûõĶλүҪҲûʲô˼ﻹһЩТλɣ
˵̶ͷĿҪѳݹȥû뵽鷢ˡ
ɽСͷĿ飬ݳӽƱʱɽСͷĿһ̶ͷĿĸǰ͵Ľе䵶һݾȻ̶ͷĿСһ̵ֺ׼һٰγ̶ͷĿɾûˡ
оԼΣ̶֮ͷĿֻܹеĳƱӵͬʱٺˣԼһҲ˳
һʱһ
ɱڴ˿ɽҲǷ׷׺ںţȥһԭƽɽȣ˿̱˻ƴĳ
ֻһƴɱ̶ʼûռˣɽԲСĴ۸ˡɽҲ˹룬ǽһöָŪ֡
ϴⴢָ澿ʲôöɽСͷĿõָʱߵСɽٴʵ
СɽĻɽСͷĿЦЦʼһöָ
解׬ˣһɽСͷĿҵһѼֵǵ鱦ȻЩҶȫûаǶЩɽ˵ѾһʲСĲƸˡ
ֵǣȥֵܵʬˣôͰѶߣɽСͷĿ֪ԼϽָŽԼĿڴ棬ſʼɻ
ܿԭѪĵ·֮Ͼûаۼˡ
û뵽ЩɽôְҵǳҵϰҶԭζΪЩɽܹһƬɽôһΪáڿЩɽձҪطɽҪߺܶ࣬ҷǳ֯ɡ
ܹôǿĶ飬ֻŷɥɽͷ춭ˡ
¸¸£缸ŪôණȥҪúôһ٣ҿǾǣһʲƸֻϱһ룬ʣ¾Ժһ֧ɽСˣʱЩǮбȻͷˣһ뵽õδһɽСͷĿҲ̵Ц
ЦȴһֱںҶһĺߡ
ȻǵõһʲƸǶȥ˵жٸͥʧȥˣŮʧȥףһЩͥΪʧȥҪͶޱȼһ뵽Ҷ׶ɽ͸ӵʹˡ
Ҳûֽ̳ЩɽɱǼЩɽɽȥҪҵɽϳ
Щƺ׼һɽ֮󣬱㲻֪ʲôطڵһЩëƤ·ЩɽһźëƤ·ּɽȥ
Խ룬ɽ֮еҲǿٽͣһֱ͵ҶҲǸоܣŴӿڴȡһЩĵҩȥȴûд
һΪһԸõİԼ١ĻЩɽźëƤױϵɱץףһӲġ
Źʱ䣬Ҷڸ߽һԲεɽ档һ뵽ɽҶױоů硣һͬһǰ
ȻԴǲһЩ泣ϺĻȴѾ˼ˡҶһ뵽Ϳɽ֮ߣƺѲߵӡ
ϴû뵽첻ֱˣСܵһЩ⣡̶ӵĶûҰȴǽһƷ˻ΪľǽЩƷַЩɽͷĿд󲿷ƷһضλáʱȻ˽Щߵġ
ǺǣҰǣû뵽γȥջǿϲɺذϴʮҰǵļ򡰿ġĴнӹһһֻЩǼֵǵĶɽͷĿҲüЦ
Ǻǣ⻹ֵǵĸ˵ҰʮֵĿ˿ߵֵ꣬ܳɽȵȥ
ûãǱһƬͰķݸǰƽʱסĵطˡ
СӸҹҰһ߽Ͱݸǰ㽫һЩǮƷָԼֵܣһֱǱԼԺ֮С
ζ̵ܹôһ㣬ЩԵĶģԺɲҪˣĻܰҲɱ˵ţҰǱϱȥ˯ˡ
ʱҶҲѾĵҰǵԺ档ѾԼĹ˯ˣҶױ˽ȥ˵Ҷ׵ǱйѾﵽ뻯ˮƽˣƶʱϵļ⻹Ϊһж͸ӵĹˡ
һҰǵӣҶױŵһɸζȻⲻʮţܹĳҰǿ¶ûʰˡͬʱһõľҲǳУľ֮һѽƱһԱߣҰҲǱһЩ鱦˯ĺӡ
߽֮Ҷ׻߽ҰǵߣֻƻҰǵ࣬һ㻺Ľ뵽Ұǵķ۵һҰǵ೹飬Ѫʼ뵽һѪɫС
ûѵŷѪͿɫ˿ҶУȻ±ŷѪͷٵˡ
һ֮ҶҲǽҰӵĴ£ǱҰǵڴϢ


һپʮ ټˡ
һҶҲǻ߳ӡ˿Ǹ˯ڹҲǻſ۾
㲻ҰǣһҶףһָҶ׵ݡ
Ȼ˵ˣҶҲ˿ûеģ΢ʵôҲҰǵģ˵ˣҵǿԸһ
˵ҶױڿЩֵʵ
Ұ𴲷ǳ㣬ǴעԼ֮ԽҰҲΪҰ񣬿ıȴһţĸо˵Ĳȫԣȴ˵˼ؼĵطҶ׶Ŀ࿴
Ǻǣ˵˵ȥͲҰɱˣȻҲֻ꣬·һҶ׿ʮּᶨµ˹ȥһͷͻԼһꡣ
걻Ҷ˶񶾵ϣʱ׹Ԩһڵϡʮ־ǿ˵֪ɱңܹоǶͬŵˣ
νɽҲҪʲôﲻϤҰ㣬Ȼ޷죬ҰʲôطҪңûҷʮֵĲ㣬ᱻ˻ɵģΪ±Ҷɱһ˵һɣ󿴵ҶνЦЦһ
ǺǣȻô˵ˣȻһᣬαֵĺõĻԺ󻹻ߣһˣ¾Сˣ˵Ҷױ㽫ϵϣ߳СԺ
Ҫľǽһ޴ܸ߸ɡһɾܹȷȥһ̶ˡ
ɱΪɽˡֻҪ㹻棬ǻĶҲġ
һ߳ҰǵԺ䣬Ҷױ㳯ԲɽΪĵطȥһЩͷĿסɽɽͷ޹
վסҶ뵽ɽʱͻȻɽһĵط˳ֱӽҶΧڵСÿжһ˸ֲ棬ƺֻҪҶ΢Ҷһ¾ͻᱻøֲӴ
Ǻǣλ粻ҪôҪͷˣҪͷģ⼸ֲֳָɽҶ׸ϽѿɵЦ˵
ɵЦҰõƭɣò˵ҶֻǸ㽫һѧΩΩФҶߵҲǿʮ񣬷·ǰľҰһ㡣
Ҫͷ죬Ϲһ˫۾ͷҲܹ𣿡
Ҹ㣬ǡ⼸øֲɽҶʹһɫҶȻǵ˼ϽԼĿڴȡһЩ⼸ɽĿڴ档ЩɽԼĹĵĿڴʱҲüЦ
ɣͷ컹ĥʲô飬һȥ֮ҪҲ֪СͷĿҰǣͷǰ˵ǵĻһĺܲҵģҶױһɽƭľʹ˶ɵ޹֮С
һ޹Ȼֻɽ֮еһ޴ɽװȴһҲѷɫһЩȨǵĸۡһЩͨȨҪ١ɴ˿ԼĴ֮ϱĿ񣬺ʲô顣һֱҶ߽ȥſ˫ۡ
Ұǣǰɣʲô𣿡ֻһͨСͷĿǶɵıȴҶ׾ҰһָƵĸоʱһЩţһֱʮƽӣǴĵһ
ǺǣͷϴһҪģǹɽկĴ飬ǾһʴҪǵĵϾ˵Ҷ׶ʱֳһޱ˷ܵӣҰˣٰ
Ŷ˵ɣ鴦ĺãҾͻһЩҩ㾡ͷĿλáҶ׵ĻɶʱһЦ˵ȻʮֵºͿţıȴȻֲ᲻һøУȴһѹĿ־塣
ġҶױ㽫Լ׼õĶ̻ͷĿĴָ棬˳һĹ¡ʮ棬ȴоųɵĿŶȡ
˵нٳֵһ̶ӣ̶ӱϿʮֵͨʵȴڲǸˮ۹ţ˵һƷҩҪ͵ˮ۹Ҷ׵ĻٰĴָͽָţ̲סʵһı鲻֮ǰôֲһ־ϲĸоˡ
ֱһţ漴ָֻӡ
Իῼǵģˣȥɣ˵ŶٴνԼ۾ˡ
Ҷ뿪˶ɵ޹صҰǵסʱЦ˳
û뵽Ϸô
֪ΪʲôҪˣҶЩεı飬Ц˵
ҪöǸ̶ӣȻļ˱𣿡ΪҶ׵£󵨵ƶϵ
ǺǣµĶԣҲԣЩ鶼ܹģֻҪԼݺþˣҰɣ
ĻʳһٸһЩʳģǰʳֿûˣҶҲЦЦ˵
˿Ұ¶еºͱ飬Ҳ͵Ȧһ죬˹ٴ۾ʱҶѾ֪ȥˡ
ѵܹ뿪𣿡ҶʧķҲ
뿪Ұǵסլ֮˳Ĵ߶ӶռЩɽ鱨ʱҪɱɾ͸ˣֻҪԸ⻹ԽɽĳѨһɨһգΪɱֹѵ˵ĵط
һɱֹܹڷѩ۹չԽԽǿʢŤתϿɱֹṫ½˥ơ
ʱһϤͻȻҶ׵ǰһš
ô˵ʱҶƺоԼʶʲôطֲǵ˭ˣҶױʮֵĿա
ͣôҲȥʳﰡߵһɽͷĿߵʱͻȻһֽ뵽Ҷ׵Ժ档
ͣѵҵˣһ뵽ͣҶͻȻ뵽˺ܶ˵ףͻȻϤγԺ
û뵽ˣҶͻȻʵǽ֣ɣǲɱҶҵԪףһҵҶĴҶˡ
һҶǳ׽뵽˱ɱ档
ԣúõһôɶˣѵ˲һˣǱðҵˣһ뵽ڵҶҲǲϵ˼
²Ͼǲ²⡣ܿ죬͵ǰ
磬ִ磬Сõ˲ٵıЩλļ񡭡


һپʮ թ
Ȼ֪ԷʲôǾȥҶһĲԣͷĿȵӣҶȻҲҪмһˡ
ܹӽ͸㵽һЩйϵ鱨Ҳֵõġһ˼ȷǸжʱˡ
ʵҶװҰһĺô
ҰǸɽկõһСͷĿΪɢСͷĿȻӡȻܺãǶȴôϤҪЩСͷĿǶ˽ҰǵĵϸһǼٰҲ˻ɵҶ׵ϡ
һȴûеõκεĺøСúһһķС
СӣԶ㣬ȻĺܲҵģҶģӵӶʱСЦ
һСɵǿߣҶҲǰǵòԼֺòɣҶֻûˡ
ѵǸ̸ʲôɸ˵飿ĲУǾͰġ˿̸˴֮Ǳɺĵطȥܿ죬Ҷ׾βһƧĵط
ͣһҪ֣֪ܲܰҰƽһƧĵطǸĵ˵
Ŷѵ㲻Ұ߸Ҵҿɸ㣬ҴΪҰµģֻ£øˣȻĻҪܵҴͷģ˵ĻЩͷ˵
Ȼм飡ԶҶͨĸ֪һ̲ס
ͣھ͹Ӳţӡ˸Ҫ˵ʲôͱͰˣԭЩɫøӵı䡣
˵Щʲô˼ѵҪҵ𣿡˵ĻͶʱ˵
Ǻǣܹ͵ǶҲѵڻҸ㣬ɲǲ֪ǲ͵ðҰһƷˣĻһ㶶ȥģ˵Ŵһת뿪ˡ
Ŷˣ뿪ҶǻĴԱ˳
ţ㣬ѵ𣿡Ҷٴγǰԭɫøӵѿˡ
磬Ϊ˰ģȻҲ֪ʲôìܣΪǸʵڿһҶ׵Ļ΢һ¡ȷʵղҪĸǴӵʵȴǺ£һôߣܿ¾Ҫزסˡ
һ뵽ԭЩıʱ仯Ǻǣ˵ĺܶԣȷʵѵҲһ𣿡
ɫһһƣƾǹĶҶ׺һѴɱʱҶɱ˶ˣͿҰǺʹΪһ仰˽û뵽ҰǻһЩʵͬھˣ
ǸʱȻƲһΣοĿǰ˵ɻģƻǺܴġһ֪Ǽ֮󣬿ҪȡɵѾǲˣɱ֮Ҫڡ
ȻˣһɽկͶûʲôøУղ˶ңҲɱôİأһ˵ҶҲһ̾ӡ
ôҽϾͰԼʱٺɱƽ֣Ǿͷˣӵʲôſڿӵ˵ʱҶͼ
ãҴӦˡ͵ĻҶҲһڴӦ
˼ҲԣǾͺлˮ㣬ͺʹܾˣٴȡʵǸܵľŻһڴӦ
Ҷˬ죬ȻЦǱȴһӦУǼ˶Ǹ̥ΨȴǱһõ뷨Ҷ׺ͶǱűɱ뷨
Ҷ׷ֿ֮ȥҴԽһȾ̸£ҶҲǻصԼס׼Ϣˡ
ôղǲǳȥˣҶ׻ɫ΢ЩѿЦʵ
ţĻҶͻȻŷӦﻹôһ˵ҶѾأ
磬ҽФԺСˣ֪һ˽⣬´γȥʱҾ֪ҵ;ˣû;ĻҰѾҸɱˣ𣿡Ҷ׻һЩԥФϽֺõ˵
꣬ҶͻȻ뵽ԼĹȥȻԼĹȥһЩ𣬵ȴͬҪͷء
ãҰﶨˣϣ㲻Ҫ鷳鷳Ļˣ˵ţҶױ㽫Фϵϣûиϡ
ԼˣФҲԺӵܣȴǳԾûз
Фһһ֣ȥҽϵìܰɣФô˷ܣҶҲֻ΢׸һ񣬱صϢˡ
ʵҶײϢǿʼ˼ͿеܾʲôΪܹоͿ϶ǴǼҵһǳҪĶĻҲôںἰˡ
Ҷ֪黹̫٣һͷ֮Ƿ˼Ʋ⣬ҰǵĴϢ
ʱ֮ڵͺԼõʱ䡣ʱҶҲǻ߽סĶС¥档
˿ͺʹӶ档һҶ״˽ӵɫʱҶٵϽȥϴ֮ȷʵһЩᣬʵǼҪǿϴ֮ǰһηǳ͵ı֣һӲŻҪʶϴģ
ǰҶԴϴҲǳ˾⣬ϣϴҪ˶Ľ֮аһ˵Ǵ˶ĻҲǰŰ
ʱҲԱ˵ˣӣȷʵˣΪʲôҪóô鱦׹ϵɼҵõһöҲĸ
˵һóһöЦ˵˵ҲǲͣĸҶʹɫٸһö
Ҷû뵽ôթ֪òһöҪ˸ϳȥˡ뵽ҶҲװһʹ˵Ӹ磬ö۳ģһöΪ˵ʹ˵ģһö͸ˣϣǲС˹ˣ
˵Ҷױ㽫˳ȥӽӹ΢˿װԼĿڴˡٿҶ׵ıҲǱºͶˡ
ðɼȻˣҾͲƽˣԺǧҪʲôϵʵﵽܹӵĳ̶ȡ
ˣĻҾͲ˵ˣǺȾơ


һپʮ ;Ҷ
Ǻǣ˵ĶԣҶû뵽ôƭϽƱ˵Ӹ磬ҰǾģ
˵ҶױһԵʮˬ졣Ҷʹ죬ҲŸ˼ʱҶױ㿪ʼӾˡ
һʱӱҶ׹˺üʮƶʱ棬Ѿˡ
ţһôôһſϣҲЩɵ
ԣƺЩŹ֣ǿ쵶նĺãɱɣһת㽫ڴһѴذֱ˳ݺݵĴ˴ӵ壬ͬʱҶԱҲװģҪ֡
ʱͻȻӾȻӾ֮ĪʧˡʧôͻȻͺҶҲЩ֡
͵һӦ˹һתͽеذ״ԼһûдУͿһģĴ͵ıһ
Ҿ֪ᷴˮҲûйϵҾ棬̸֮飬СעҪɱģ
ͣҸ㣬עҪΪҿĳ룬ͲҪˣŻһЩſ³ҪҰٱΪҵĿܣԽЦԽǲǣһֲ̬ı¶ôӵԵøӵĳªޱȣͬһ̲õˮ
ۡһˮʹֱɣȴʼûץס˵ټ
ҰǣǴӵˮͨˮԼ٣ЩˮǳҲҵӵټ㻹รɣ͵һֻĸоҶ׵ĹȷʵǳʵģҶ׵ĹĸǶԼĹġ
ԣҶˣһҲ֮ʧŪΪӵĿūҪʹٱԲҶڴ֮ǰ
ͺʹӶԲ֪Ҷ׵滹һ֪ǿ˵ҶɱҶʮŰ˾Żᱻɱǰ͵ϮҪ˼ɱҶ׵ĳɹʼΪ㡣
ৡһӣӵӰҶ׵󡣿ոճ֣Ҷ׾ͺ󱳳۾һ͵תתһȡһת˵ֺݣͣǱһַԤıһ
ۡһҶ͵ĳȣӰҲֻܹ̬ͬӭȥһģӵֱӱҶ׸߱ġӵӰٴʧҶ׵ǰ
û뵽㻹ȤȻһûõСӶסǰ׻ˣҶһȱ㽫ӵӰˣͶʱЦ˵ȻĻʮֵĶ񶾾ҶҲĻˣҶ֪ڼӡ
ȴʼڰ֪ڵȴʲô
ͻȻٳ֣Ŀ׼͡
ڴӳֵʱҶҲǿٵĳŴӵӰȥҶ׵Ķ͵ϳͬʱһԷļצǵһתһԷļצ㳯ɨ˹ȥ
ৡһӣĿ˺һӵӰǱ˺ķ顣һӴӿˡ
ʱҶҲѾϵˡ
ȥɣҶֱһڴӵٴν·ˡ
û뵽Ūƻ治ңҵϡͿӵӰԼסе˫צøֱͣӾҪӵ˺Ƭֱӽɱ˵ȴѾõʱ̡
綾צһȫһȼͬʱĹٶȸӼӱһһצȻƬӰӵӰȫһֿǷ񵽵ףҶٿһĻܵش˵еĴˡ
ĶȻƴҲùⱬƣӸоԼѾΣڵϦȫֱӱըͬʱһˮ˺͵塣
䡱һӶҪըˣͺҶֱӱɳȥȴûг˵Զˡʱ¥ֻʣҶ׺ͣһֱҶߵҲѾ֪ȥ
ʲôˣڱըĺĵشܵ˺󣬶Ҷ׻ΡⱬըըĿȫǣеȴΪ¥֮е󷨣ûвĵط
ͺҶٴγΪ˶ŵ״̬
ˣôĿ⿴أѾɱ⣬͵ϻǱٵı顣һĿҶ׾Ҫֱӽɱ
ֻҶԽ׺ݵı飬һ˲ɱðʱͻȻǰҰôԽԽԼʶĳˡ
ԣǰ𽥿ʼһ꣬ԽԽϤֻ벻ʲôطˡڲͣ˼ͻȻ뵽һˡ
Ҷףһӱ㽫Ҷ׵ױϳʱѾˡ
һҶҲǱһӰɱ͡ҶԽԽĲһѪҲǴбչ˳
ɱ֮ŭ
ɱ񾻻
ɱ¼еĸͬʱҶ׵ʵֱ˼˿̵ٶȼ쵽զĵزۿŹȥҶҵķﾹȻɳ̶ֳȡ
ն
Ҷ׵㻯һѪɫĹâֱӳ͸һޱһն͵ĸܹһ롣
ȻˣôҲǾḻǳı񾳸֡Ҷ͵һնҲǺԥӭȥͬʱе˫צֱӽҶ׵Ѫɫâ
ˣһѪɫĵâֱչȥ͵ĸֱӾͽɳȥ
顱һֱӱǽ֮ϣΪһǽǾ󷨼ӳֹģӶҪҶ׺һ󶴡
ۡһһѪ͵˳һ֪ΪʲôҶ֪廹ˡҶ׵ʵ˵ԼˣûҲĺܲҵġҶ׺ʹӻƴնɱҶףһԸ뷨ѡ
û뵽ҴһȻˣһξȻһޱϤС
ȿȿȡ͵Ŀٴ³ѪĻҶ׻Ϊ֮һ񣬺뵽ʲô
СˣҶҶ׳ɵʱһϤӰĶ䵱С
Ҷô㣬ôͣ⾿ô£ҶĻҶײŵĺ˼
ǺǣʵɣұҵͣΪ˵ҶȥһΪҶÿ㡭
ѾȲˣǰѪϴҶҡ


һپʮ ͵
һɱʵʹ죬Щƽʱ۸˶һ˵Ұƽʱܵȫ˻һһΪľܹһҵ㣬Ǽ㣡ҶҲͣһ߿Ѫһ˵
ֻҶ׻ǲܾ˵Ļһһ٣Ҷ׻ܹоͶĸʵġ
֪һȻɱʹ죬ҵҲǷǳãģΪͬʱҲɱһҹػˣǾĸס˵ԭЩЦıʱή
ʲôĸɱģ͵ĻҶһǰֻһű㽫͵һֱ۸߱ˡҶߵ͵ǰһָһָĲ飬˳ɤӷһҵĽ
й֮;ȻٴοЦǺǣӦýСүķأ
֪ĸ׿Ϊǻ᲻Ȫ֪أ
ˣСү֪һö˶ҪҵҪĸʩӿ̣Ҽʱֽɱĸʹ࣬ôףǸʱʲôˣ˵˵ȥ㻹Ҫлأ
˵ٴοЦҵСٶǱǸˣҸоҺʲôֻʱûȷϣҴ粻ͣѯûҵǼ뵽ҵĹٶôһֱвңҰ¡
һҿܹˣȴû뵽㣡
ңôҾͰ֪Ҷҵ㣬ͬʱҲҪ֪һУֻϣһʹ죡˵ʮʹ˵ȴһ¡
һɱ֣ΪɱµģȻҶޱͣҲܹоΪҶʱʹࡣ
Ǻǣԭһô򵥵ɣⰡ찲ط꣬ðɣҾ͸ҶҺҵ飡Ҷ׵Ļشͺ˺ݻ̲ס˵
ɣҶףҶҹȥһԶż壬ֻԶżʱһ˥ܣֻʣҶôһ֧ҲΪҶҲŻһֱң񣬺ҶҳҶôһʮΪ񾳣ʶĸ׳¶𣬴Ӻ㡭
Ҳ㸸׳֮ʼҵҶңʼƻν㸸ײӶоһ㸸ױʧ½֮ϣҾݴ˵ҶǺˮ۹糾۹Ҳȥˮ۹㸸ףҪҵԴͷҲһ񡭡
ҵҪҵĶǼףʲôΪҪıȻЩܹ֪ġ
֮⣬һĸ׽ҵĶһεĵطŵͼϣúã͵״̬ԽԽƺоѾӱӿٶȵ˵
ҲҪԱС
ͬʱұĴǡҪ˵ܵʱƺоʲôϽҶ׵Сһˣ
ɣһ֣Ҷ׸ϽԼòָҰǵӣʱֱˣһֱʧٴγߡ
䡱һԺĴűһǿֱӺɣ˴һδ󺺴˽
ô£ôˣڵѾ͸ͣվһԻ˵ҶױδͻȻһҶ׺
ͷ죬ƺʲô֪ܲڴ뿪֮ͼɱڣһѪƴ֮ˣֱˣ
°²û˵صܣ˵ţҶױڵЩսľ˵
𣿡վҶ׵ǰһķתҪҶ׵ҵʲô˿
Ҷȴûа㷴ӦȻڵϣֱſڵˣʱᱻɵѹѹһ
˵ʵҶȻɫĴ
ͷ죬㲻ҪСӺ˵ͱǴͨõģҪɱܣ϶֪ʲô罫Сȥ̿˵ܹʵһЩ˿һҶ׵ĻӶʱЦ˵
Ŷ⵹һ⣡ҶܹоǼԶɷǳҪӲ׽ӰĻѾˡȴܹߣȻĻһȥˡ
뵽Ҷ׸Ͻͷ죬һֱ֪͵ܣҺͲŸոʶѣﲻΪϺʹЩڽҪѵȴû뵽ҾȻôһ̶УҪ֪ʴӸá
⣬Ҳϣͷϸ룬Ҳɽկһ£֮ǰͨǱͷôʶأ϶ǴΪڸԼ֪ԲűĻѻκпͺʹӷ߲ͺʹ߳ŭŻһѪģϣͷܹץʸ
Ҷ״˿ȻƣҲͬԣǾֻɽկ֮ˣһʱΪɽկ˲ٹףǴһֱֺУ¡ͬʱΪܳһֱɽկУûлʶҰǡ
öŵǣӼȻ֪ͲǸ϶֪飬ȥһ֪κˣһ֪ڸĸסοҰģĵϸɱ֪ҲʹһЩǲҰǵġ
뵽ҲֻһЦתԴ˵ˣôȥˣҰǿˣ㻹Ҫģ
ңһ֣ӿҶ׵޾ɱ⡣ֲֻܹܹҶµ뿪ˡ
ʱһֱҶߵ˵ˣϴǸղŻƴʱҾͲǽǣһȫұʱҲǲǽǣΨһһˣ
˵ҲͷٺٵЦ˼ҶȴûܹһЦΪоԴ뿪ԺʱѾ֪ı񾳴ɵǿ߸Ķˡ
ӣʱǲܹˣôϢͻȥأ뵽ҶװĿ⿴ߵ꣬Ф
Сڷߣܹҵϸѩ𣿡صԼסҶҲǵʵ
ȻˣҼҾϸѩܱСĴ󻧣ÿǶȥϸѩǣеʱһȥ˺ûأһ뵽ԼȥǵҲһ˵
Ǻãһ͵Ѫݵ棬ܹ𣿡룬Ҷٴʵ
˵취Ҷûа취İ취򲻵ѣǲȥʹõġ


һپʮ ɱƻ
ܣȻܺ£ԼĶǿģͲܲôɣһ˺ˣ
ò˵ѾԽԽûθУһЩԱĸоˡ
Ҷһ۱㿴Ҫ£Ҳĵ飬ЦЦ˵СĺˣȻȥžͿǲģ
Ҷֻ΢΢һЦоһǰδеȷʵ⼸̫ˣҰҲɱһ֮ǵõôһҵġֻϧҰҲˣֻܹҶ׻ˡ
ϣ˲Ҫ̫磡дſ־壬ٴһˡ
ЩӵӣҶֻ΢ҡҡͷȥϢˡסѾҰ˭ôǱһյĵ
Ȼֻһ˿ɣ֧Ҷͬ޻һûκѹҲ֮ĺô
ص棬ҶײûϢǿĸ֪ͣĹ۲ǱڸǿߵĶ̬ܹоǿ߳Ҫ￴ģӶɶǲΡ
ҲȥҶҴģǼȮǼĵҲǱڵĵǿӣ˵˾ˡϧǾҲû˵ǵʲôֻһͼԼȥҡ
ѵǶָľǵͼҶײͣĿԼϵĵͼȴһȻ
Ϊͼϵıǳĵû˵ûмһͷˮˡ
¸£Сһ㲻֪黹ءⲻһ½ĵͼ
ȻҲû뿪½ȴ֪½֮⣬Ĵ½͵Ļ˵ԶżĺᣬôķԴغܾܿһ½ˣŵͼ׽ˣһŵͼҲЦ˵
ԭˣŵͼʱòˣô뿪ҵõ鱨ͻȥɣ뿪ʱѾƹ˵ҵļƻϣܹҵľҳⶨһЩ޸֮󷢲ȥҶһϸ˿֮ϣ̲ס
һ˼֮ûĶʮƽĸԼ弡޹ɵתԼøӵɣӶﵽĿġ
һתۼʱȥˣѾ쵽ɽƻ֮дԵʱˡ
һΪɣܽɽ֮еһ߸¶˵ߺܾܿܶе廢֮һ
廢Ǳ񾳴ɵʵǷֱǹˣ淣㣬ţ롣
ȻǸǱ񾳴ɵʵǶɵʵ£ƽʱȴҲʵ˵廢ԶɵѾǰд˵һ廢Ѿ۷ȡˡ
һζɼƻı¶Ҳ廢֮乴Ķǵһźš

Ҷ׳Ф͵ʱͻȻɽĳѨһ̶ײ֮֮Ҷе˼
һɽȷƻʼۼ׼жˡ
뵽Ҷ̴ҰǵԺ뿪ɽѨȥܿɽͷĿۼĵط
һ޴Ĺ㳡ƽʱǸɽԵսٲȻΪ˶ɵ㽫ĵطҶһͿʮλ鵤СϵСͷĿбϵͷĿʮλɴ˿ɼһɽݵǿһССĹЩˣȥ޻ذ
¸¸£˵д˹ɱңҪңܹѾжҪˣҸǣҪ̫ˣȴûһܹģ
һЩҵλôˣõһԼмＸĻǲɱңпܱɱԼһޱǿ׳壬˵ǰȥ˵
ͷ죬˭Ҫɱ㣬ǵһɱˣ
ͷ죬һӶ죬ҲҪսϣ
һɿĻЩһʼΨҶȺ֮кЩһһֻ侲վһ
ˣҪˣʱ䣬ǾͲҪɽˣĻҼһɱһһ˫ɱһ˫Ҿǳֵں죡ɽһ˵֮󣬱뿪˵ߡ
߻ҶһӾȻ߼ǰϢ֪ߺͶ֮Ĺϵˡ
ڶɳ֮󣬻廢Ҷһһ񾳸֣һʱҲ޷ж⼸˾˭εߣ˶ţп廢֮һΪȡɶµȦס
뵽Ҷױ㰵δɱɵжһʺš
ˮȻٻҶ׵棬ܹоҶ飬ҲܹоЩɽ֮һֲκͻա
һܹо֮ǰĲ²ȷģ⼸ûɽ治ҪҶѾʼֶһЩԵĽϸļأһһ⣬ܾܿǵص׷ɱˣ΢һ֮ٴ˵һҶ׳ԾĽۡ
ȻҶ׶ĻţȴҲΪص̶ֳȡϾô꣬϶֮ģҺܶ˵ĺ׼ҶױԼȥФȥŵĳ嶯
˵ǶԴɱıǿ߶һЩȤ
ͨ⼸Ĺ۲죬ɽѾﵽǧÿһСͷĿʮʮɽЩ˶סΪͨľס򣬶ЩͷĿɽȵ֮ԺסլÿһķʩܺãмѵĸЧ
˵ܹ֪ǱȥĻɱб񾳵ĸ־ͻӡʱпܾͻ鵤۷Сɡʱɱɵļʾͻ忪߳ˡһɱĽ
һ뵽ֿܣҶԭЩƵʱֱ˷Ҷ׵ƻҲǱĬġ
ֻӦô˭أصԼס֮Ҷױ㽫Լ⼸۲쵽б񾳸ֵסլһܿҵеļĿꡣ
ȷ⼸ǿصʮֵĴĴ⣬ʮȾֻҪܹץ⼸һȾƵĻᣬͿԳ⼸ǿ߷סʱβȥֱӾͿɱ⼸ǿˡ
Ȼ֮⣬мʮֽıǿҲǱԼɱķΧ
ϴǸʲôѵǴ˵֮ͽˣνɽկҪȡǵͷͽ𣿡


һپʮ Ҷ洫ı
ͽˣФ뷨ǹ죬ȻҲҵʵݣȴͽˡ
ˣ̫Ĳ²ʵû壬ûӦô뿪ɣҶ׸оФĻʵ̫ࡣϽֹĻ治֪ФʲôӴ󵨵Ĳ²ˡ
Ҷ׺Ф˵ʱѾʼôѱָɹǿߣֱӽɱˡ
˵ʵڵģΪɽĳѨ棬ȻսǸʱҲˣӳ̫ǿսԶɱû̫ҶﻹһЩεĳɷֻ֡ΪƣŻ˽Ҷ׿סɹҶ׵ǿʵԺһ㡣ҶҪɱǿߣǺ֮顣
Ҷȴǵɱǿ֮һϵ鷳ͱ˵ǿӦôӦԶɵıʡЩǷǳ鷳顣
ͻȻ뵽һֿܣǾҰǳǴɽĳѨС취ԶԶҪֱӽǿɱáڼ޻˭ҶҲѾˡ
ֻҪȵɽֵǰһУĻɱǿһҲЩɽѲġͨЩ֮ҶױûĿǣǼڷ桰װ˯
һȥʱ䣬û뿪Ӱ벽Ұһϲڷ漸һϰߣҲһֱɵĴĳʼһԲ
˵ϣҲҶ׳ֵʱ䡣ϣҪɱıɱ֣ҪɱĸѾȷõĿ꣬ͬʱФͳɽϳ˵̱ķǳܣְܳʱװ˯Ϊֹ滮
ɱɣ
Ҷ߳ӵʱһֱɱҲĵĸ
ҪȥĵطܹɽȵĳڣǽӽɽܱߵλãΪܿŶɵİڣȥ˿ֻЩлɳˡֻܹȥһκ̸еĵطΪɽֻȽԼˡ
ܿҶױһƬɭֵ棬ʱǿҲ˽
ʦξȫˣоǿߵľ裬ҶҲ漴ԼϢȫû

һɹʧҶֱʧ˴棬ûҶȴǴҶʧĵط˳ҶԭļƻֵСҹΡ
ʱǿֻǾҶ׵жЩ죬ȴûзҶѾʧǵߵˡ
ѾߵҶĵطܿǾ˹ȥʱҶҲǴӺ滺ĸȥ
ûһǾֵҲΪΣյĵط
оΧЩΣյ֮ǿֻ΢ԥһ£ָ˽ȥ
ʱҶͻȻǵð˳
ɱ񾻻
ɱ֮𣡡
ɱ񾻻ܹ˲ɱĿи֪Ȼֻһ˲䣬ԼеĸҶһ̴ﵽ߶ȼеĿġҶٽͬʱʹó֮ɱĿɱľ׼Ҳ˲һ
ΪʱйɵٶһҲǴﵽ۷塣һ˲䣬ҶױоԼĽϺžһһգ۵ĹһɱֵĸǰʱɱֲŸոշӦ
նһҶ׵ĽŲͻȻޱȳһɹǿҲ˳ŵ뵽棬ͬʱ˫ָǽѪֱһʵıɱ֡ҪľһɱȻĻǿߵļҷ
Ҷ׳ʱһɹǿҲǻע뵽ֱ۵УһֱҲǱƽʱ׳һࡣ
һһѪɫĵâ嵽ɱֵǰ
žһΪɴۡһɽеĸֱֵն飬ɱֵҲֱӱҶһϣɽңûóͱҶֱһո
һ֮ɱɽҶҲ΢΢һ㶣ЩŵĿ˿ԼеѪ
Сһ㲻ҪɣⱾͼֻǷӵĺһЩѡҶһŵı飬ЦЦν˵
㷢ӵĸһЩĻ¾ĸıɽҲ㲻͵Ϯ֮һһģ
ţȻ֪ղֻΪԼãɱԼԭ򣬵ҶҲףԼڵʵΪɱһ񾳳ڣСɵǿ߻кܴյġΪĸǿ㹻̵档
ʱȥĸǿߵԺˣĸǿ߷ֱǴӣƹ
Ҷ׽ɱֵʬõı֮󣬱㳯ŴڵԺȥ
ȻƽʱٳԼԺ䣬ܹоѾԼ׼һͨҪͨ󷨣ֱ뿪Ժ䡣Ȼ֪λãҲǿɽԺġҶǿ˵ĸ֪ҵôһɱӵļѻᡣ
ͨصͬǣӼҵܵԺŲԶĵطһʯשֻҪصͻ򿪣ӶҶ׽С
ڽص֮󣬻Ҫһ᫵С·ת·ܹ뵽ӵԺ䡣ҲǴΪ˷ֹͨԼ׼ĵصŻȡĴʩɡ
ϧǣĵصĸ֪֮±Σ׼ڶྯҲһ
ҶѾ𽥽Ժصʱ򣬴Լķʲô׼ȷ˵ôΪղƷ
ͣͣҶǶȻҲ֪õʲôҲǿֶأҴҶóıһԼеıһһֻϵһ˿ͣ·ԼûбΪıˡ
û뵽ǣʱҶѾĲֺ
Ҫģû뵽澹Ȼ̺ôǿϧǿȻ޷뵽ҵ棬ĻڵľѾȥ͸ҪǸ쵰ˣһ߲еıһ߳̾˵
뵽͵תһԱߵľƺͿһӰѾԼǰˡ


ڶ Ѫɫ
㣿ӰԭŨܵĺĿʼΪû뵽Ҷ׾Ȼôƾյĳǰϲ顣
ܣôģҶһݵı飬͵ķһ뿪ҶܹķΧЩʵ
ڴӶʱҲǽеı˳Ž˿ڴ棬Ҳûп̫ϸõʲô
Ǻǣӣû뵽ͽҶһֵǵıҲ˳ĩҶҵı֪Щͷ֪֪أ֪ˣĻ͸ҰɣҶǲв˴ӵİȫȴûа˵ĸо˴֮ǰλõԱߣԹԵĺ˾ƣһ
һӾôͷˡ
Ҷ϶ʲô飬ҶײʵϣΪ綼֮¡Ҷ׸ûɱˣļңû˱˽ط
෴ǿɱҶףʱߡôһ룬ҲƽһԼҶ׵Ķ档
¸£ҰϵܣҪ𣿻Ѿʲôˣһб㿪ʼ̽Ҷˡ
ʵӺҶ֮ûʲôޣ֮ìֻǴΪһʱİ˵һЩֵĻ
ǸʱҪ̸һЩɸ˵飬ʱҶ׵ĸϵֱӽǵ̸ϡôӽʧܵԭǨŭҶסԶڴӶԣΪ͵֮ǰìѾһʹҶ׵ĵ˺档
ʵҪʹӸ̸һЩģ֮ǰвͣѵҾͲܹв𣿡ҶһߺžƣһЦ˵
вңҶһƵŲæӣӶʱһЦоԼһЦЦ
ô㲻ҵĻҿǿдҶ͵ıûϱ壬֪ˣǰѴ̰
֮ǰ޻͵Ҳǻ䵽ϣΪںԼɱˣеŭ𶼻ήٵϣ˵㵽»ǲأһı飬Ҷǲϼ룬ͣв
Ӳûк£һΪЦ
ò˵˵ЩǴԺʷҸоЦЦˣֻ㣬ƾʲôܹΪһܹ뿪أ
бΪҲ֪ȥֻҪңҲһɱϧͣ
Щ͹ƻӦҸĴ󵨣ǵСҼҵĵصܹ͵͵˵һܹ뿪𣿡˵ҲǼΪ˵ҶͣǲϿ¾ûбҶ׸Ϊ޴ˡ
ˣ㻹ǸĿİɣҿǲ֪ҶҵıͶĻҲڱв˼̲֮סҪ̯ˣҶ׺ԼӣҲʮŵĽ͵ͬʱҲǽԼĿⶢҶףƺֻҪҶ׵Ļشܹ⣬ͻ᳹׽Ҷ׸ɱ
̸УǴ׵һһֻڴӿԼӮ棬ʵǳδ֪Σյġ
˽ƻʼղ˵һԼõϢҶֻܹһЩϲˣ˵ԭ¾˵ҲţһҪ˵ģʵҶҵˣ
ҶҵˣôܣôҶҵˡڴӲͣЦʱͻȻҶ׵ò仯𽥱ӡ
Ҷף
ܣ㲻ҶҵķʲôʱôǿˣѵҶһʲôûеõ𣿡һҶ׵òٴαޱ񾭴ңʱҶ׳ֵʱˡ
ҵȻҶףҽҲҪȡĹ˳ûҶҵĶģ˵ţҶױһӵǰΪǳ䲻⣬ǴҲû뵽Ҷ׾ȻͻȻ֡
Ҷ׽صͬʱʩչһƱ˴ӵϡϵѪסϵѪⶼҪ˺һһͬʱҶҲߴϲͣ۳
顱һӸоؿӵѪһӾͱҶϵ˺һ顣ֻ֮£Ҳһȭ˻ȥһȭ˵Ǽ˴ȫֱӾͽҶ׸˳ȥ
ΪǴӴҶֻ΢˺˼ڴûʧ֮ǰٴȥͬǡͬ͡ʱʹá
ȻܹӻɱȴԲߴ֮Ѿ۳Ҷ׾ܹõĿƴӣһˮһηӴˡ
û뵽ҶײӲƴǲԼİ취ͣȡԼ޷ʩչʧȥΪһ̿;еĻҲһֻûзצĶһ׸ˡ
ҶһĴݲ֮󣬴ڳ׵˵ϣͬһһûа㷴
ǺǣӣһʼϵĻôܻܵôĥأѾڵϣҶҲǻ˹ȥڴϵһöָȡ
﾿ʲôҶҵأҶһò˿һԲε塣Ҷó֮󣬶ʱоɫ̺֮ǿѪɫ
ʲôôǿѪɫʲôȻѾĿԴҶ׻ǱǿѪɫˡǴһɵϡ֮̾ͽɫŽԼĿڴ档
Ϊɫ岻ܹԼṩܹṩôҵᣬǻᷴɱԼġԼԲܹһ˿һᡣ
Ҷ׽ɫ뵽ԼĴָеʱԭݷڵϵĴӾȻͻȻҶס
ϫһ̿˵ǴӴΪŵʱͬʱҲΪʱ̡
ΪǰûԼһСɵǿ߾Ȼɱһ鵤۷ĸ֣ᱻԷͬһԼƴҲǱ˱ֱһĳ衣
ǣԼԷƵģԼ㶼һڶڴ˵еһжΪ
ԣڴӷʱѾԼȫеҪҶ׻ˣϧԸ


ڶһ ɱ
ڴӲϿҶ׵ʱоȻһһɫЩɫʮα仯֮Ȼһ״Ĵ֣ɫ֮ϻһЩ΢Сһ΢΢תǴӽ񾳴ɵһźš
СһӿϾҪ񾳴ˣһϵ϶ָ룬Ĺʱʤͻ󽵵͵ģܵҶеļ飬̲סȰ
֪ҶôĿΪӴӵĿеõҺͷңҶҵһЩ鱨ϧ鱨ҪõĻʵ̫ˣŪþͻᱻˣɱǴ̿͵֮Ȼķͣǹȴĸߡ
ȻҶ뷨ʼĩȴûзǳӲĸϣҶܹԼʶԡϧǵ͹Ҷ׶һʳ޵ӳ̶ˡ
顱һҶͬʱ֡˵ͬʱײһ𣬾Ȼڰ֮ײıըƴҲǸӴһЩϢĻᡣ
ֻ֮ܲ½ЩǴȴû˿ԥֱһĹŶƿԱ߽ԼľֱƶȥͬʱŶƿҲǽ뵽棬գ֮便ӵΪȥ
оԼΪֱȥӶʱҲǹЦնɱҶѾǰ϶ˣ֮ǰ֮ԱҶŰȫΪһʱѡ
СӣղֻһϷ㳢һͷѣڲֽɱʱ̡
ҲὫɱҪʬΣҶԼ֮󲻵ûߣԸٶӶʱٴοЦӰһʧҶ׵ܡ
ߣʵֵȻѾԤϵԼܿҶѾνˣҾûİҲܹӴͷĵģ
ӣ֣ؾһΣٲģǼװŪĻһ趼ʶģҶԴӵʧûлţֳ򶨵̬ͬʱһҲǱʩչ
ɱۣ֮Ҷʹ֮۵ʱһ϶һ۾ȻĶͷ֡һ۷ǳϸСҶײϸоҲǲ۴ڵģοǴˡ
ǵ˸֮ҶٴοΧһоѾ߱͸һֱЩıʣڵλҲǿһ
һ˫۾ɲͨ͸ۣһ˫ܹϤһУ۹۰˷۾ҶױԼϵһжһ
ͬʱ˿̴ѾһĽ棬׼ı׼һ
ˣо֮ĲҶ֪Լֵʱ̵ˡڴӴһĽǶʱҶ͵תͬʱյݺݵĳźӵ˹ȥ
ΪԼصѾǳˣû뵽ǱҶ׷ˡһȥ
ϫڴ̿ͼߣҲǿһͿΪԼʵǿʱҶײҲܹ׽Ҷ׻ɱˡ
Ѿ׼һĴȣҶҲѾ׼ڴӳֵʱҶ׵ġ͡ҲǱͬʱʹóȽ϶ԶٶȱȴӻҪһЩһֱӶ׼˴֮ǰ˿ڣǿ˲ӿûȴӽʹóʱѾʧһˡ
ͬʱҶٴʹɱۣ֮һۿɼĴָϸѪɫâֱӴĸ˳
Ѫ֮⣡
ۡһһߵٶֱӳԽ˴ͷٶȣֱӽӵ鵤򱬣ôӳʧȥ˷ʱ
ҶҲ˲ĵڵϣͬʱһɹѪҲǴͷĸ֮˳
ʲôôôǿѵĶҶױֳǿʵ֮󣬴ͻȻЦһöҩֱˡ
ʲôôˣҶû뵽ӾȻôϣֻܹʴӵ뷨ʼڴӵһѲҶֻҵʮöûջˡ
Ҷ׻ǽӳʰɾͬʱҲǽӵغá
ӦȥʰǼϲȾƵıǿˡ
ҶһɱǿߣõʱҲһʱѡڵʱ仹Ǹո賿ǼȾƵıǿ߻ǷأҶҲǿ߾ȾƵԺǰ
ȻһԺĴű򿪣ǿ߶Ĵ˳
Ÿ磬ڲŷܵľɰ
ϵܣҺǲԶˣֻܹ½϶
һһߴԺ߳ʱǻǱ˴˴˵һЩ׵Ļ
ͻȻһϮʱ˶̲סһս֪ѾΣǿˡ
ϧʱҪѾǲܵˡ
ৡһҶ˫͵ĵҲǷԾֱӾһǿߵǰеѪ͵һݣһѪɫĹâбֱӽǿߵͷ­գ۵ĹҶױ㽫һǿߵոˡ
ʱǿҲʼˡҶոһɱʱǿҲǸͳ
һǿóһ˳ǹǹâɨ涼ɨƬɫеĳǹֱӱҶ׵ɤʺ˹ȥ
ǿߵǸǿԱ߳ǹֵʱҲǴԼĿڴȡһѳնâɻӰֱӾͽҶǰ·׷ˡ
Сӣ㾿ʲôˣȻҹԺ䣬ҿǻĲͷˣǹǿ߳ǹ̳ҲǴӺȥ
ǿǴһƵҶ׵гУֱȡҶҪһҶг롣һǽҶױƵˡ
Ҷ֪˿ȻΣգȴԼվһǿ֮ѹǲΣյʱ̡
ɱ񾻻һҶ׽ɱ񾻻ԼǹǿϡǹǿҶ׵еĳǹһӱᣬҶһ˹ȥ
ޱȾգͬʱҲһõĻᣬҶϣֱǿλá


ڶ ˫ı
һڳǹǿߵؿڼѾһš
ҶеԽ񱩺ãǹǿߵֱӱҶڵˡ
ţҶ׽ǹ񾳵ʬһӣֱײ˳񾳵Ӱ֮ϡһǹǿߵʬͱƬ
յҶ͵һԾ𣬾ڳǿ΢΢һ㶵ʱҶѾԼеѪȥֱӴӳǿߵĶͷ˽ȥҶ׽ѪγǿҲǵڵˡ
ȫˣӦôЩʬأ
Ҷٴγһ⡣
Ҷ׽ɱȫɱ֮Ҷױ㽫еʬһҰǵļ˿ФһĽҶ׻ء
ڻˣҶһƣӣʱҲǼΪ˷ܵĽе
ǺǣȵңﴦһЩ飡Ҷ׳˻ֱ㽫˳ȥ׿ʼĲҪﲼóΪ˫ɱֳ
ɽȻļ紺ɽȵĵ¶ȴʹô£ټҰǵޱǿڵ²˻͸ոһҶָֽ˵ʬ˽һҶļ󡣵ȻЩ˵ʬ嵱лȱ˴ӵʬ塣Ҷٴģ´ӵֶʩӺܶ˺ЩϡҶױ곭С·ɽȵĳڴȥ
Ϊ֮ǰһЩʱָɽկ֮һʴҪɽȶǴڽϵ״̬ҼɽΧÿ׶м鵤ֺһǿѲ¥˵ɽկ˿Ѿһֳ׷״̬С
СһҪСһ뿪Ǻѵ鰡͵һȫĵطȻٵȵɽ֮ٽһܹȫһЩܵФΣ֮ҲԼӾ˵
ȻҶҲ֪еΣգȴԸŹᡣԥʱͻȻԶߴӰǴ߲״̬Ҷ׾ܹоӦ廢ˡ
磬˵εļƻܲܳɹһɱɣǱɱǿ𣿡һ뵽ܷܿһ̲ס˵Ҷϸһ廢㣬վߵ廢϶淡
Ǻǣҵļƻֱ޷죬̶ӵ˲ܹɱɱ֣
ɱֲУǻֵ𣿡
οڵʵѾ۷壬ֻһʹﵽ벽ߣʵ뵱ҲǱϢɡһ˵淵бɱƺԶɳԹޡ
ã磬ͽˣ淵ĻҲͬ¶ĵ˵
ˣɱǱ߲ҲǱôûпѾߵҶߵʱһ仰ʱҶײðһ亹Ϊ˷ֹɽͷĿ֣
ǺǣȷʵҲûзĴڣò˵СӻǴһҪ˽۷ҪϮ̶ӵ鱨ͳȥû뵽ȻǰµˣɼСҲһƲ磬εһҪƯ˵淵Ҳǳ˿񱩵ŭɱɵļƻֻܹɹܹʧܣʯ٣Ҳöɺùġ
ˣͰ͵ˣȥٴһ̶ߵ·ߣԷֹƻ⣡Ž淵Ļ˵꣬ӰҲ֪ʧҹɫСȻ淵ǱûҶǿṦȴ֪Ҷǿ˶ٱҶ׵ҲܹôĻҲܹɽȥˡ
ڽ뿪֮ҲʧҶ׵ߵС˳ʧ֮ҶҲǴӲݴ˳ʱʱҲѾ賿ĵˣɽжʱļ
Сڴȥס뿪֮󣬾ȥ˵ĵط㣬ǸǮ㲻ЩǮҲУȥҶȴûСšһ̫ΣգҲΪܵĵطһ¶룬ҶֻǸһЩǮһöָ
ţҶױ㽫СԼıϣʼֳɽ֮ȥ
ܿһѲɽĵ̸ȻɽѨûдﵽ岽һڣʮһڵĳ̶ȣɽҲǱɽˮйͨҶײ·ĻᱻЩɽһץŵġˣҶСһЩĻܹФͳɽȵġ
ֹ˲ʱʱ䣬ҶٶȽФ͵һͨϸѩǵĵ·֮ϡȻ·˵ЩƫƧֻҪФһֱͣȥĻͺܿ뵽ٵ֮ϵġʱФܹƾԼĴҵһԼˡ
Ҷ׽Ф֮صɽȵڼȴɽ㳲
һζҪٵĿǻʼҵһ̶֧ӣ˵һ̶֧صǴĵҩҶǼƷҩֵϰö⻹ǳɱۣĻһҩܹö񣬶ڶ˵ȷʵһʲ۲۵ĴĻҲô;Ҫһ̶ֻˡҪҶ˵һ̶֧ƺܹΪĵҩЩǶ˲ŵķ͸ӷ϶ɵҪˡ
Ҷ׾ֻصɽȵڣʼȴɽɽ֮ڴģ
Ȼȹ˼ʱ֮ɽģ֣ǿʼ½½ɽ֮ڿʼųɳɽ֮˳Ҷл廢Ľ淣֮ܿͻˣһûег̡
ڶ鵱и˸廢Ϊ۵ġ
廢֮ǰԵЩĬɽͷ춭廢ĺɽկ֮һЩǿͷĿ֮⣬дСͷĿҲǴΪͨɽƺƵĴɽ˳
Ҷ״һ£һɽнһǧˡ
û뵽һɽȻô࣬ӶҲ֪ԼӣҲǱôˣɽƺƵĶ飬ҶҲǴӺȥ
һ߹۲ŶΧһҲڿ廢֮ı顣ܹԿĳ˽淺֮⣬廢ԵЩĮͺǷǶǮһ
֮£һЩͷĿСͷĿϵıûôѿˣ෴һ˷ܵĸоɼҲ֪ζҪһƱˡ
Ϊڶ࣬еɽǶǰ·ɵ߳廢֮⣬в񾳴ɵʿʱ̱˿ҪɱҪʿ̤֮ȥ
һ֧ӴĶ뿪ɽɽ֮ǱֳһɽȥΪĿȷɽڶɵĺ棬Եޱȵ롭


ڶ նɱ
ƺƵĶɽկ˳ʱҲϢһ¡ȷôãɽ۵ĲУܹϢ˲һϲ
˰üͷһ壬漴˰ֺȵ
һԵ廢ţҲǻɿ˹ͷ죬ʲô£˵廢֮׹ˡ
ȥǰĶʱ䣬ǵĶҲӦùˡɳɫ˵еĶǻʼҵ̶ӣ˴εĿꡣ
˵˵ͷ漴ͷǡ
Ǽк£ʱ׼֡˵ζ鱣ڵʵҲҪСĵ㡣ɶ˶٣ǸĻ˵
λһۣ漴ǡ
ҶڲԶһȫҶסҶţüͷһ壬»Ҫ¡
ûãһɽͷҴææ˹˶ǰͷ죬ˡ
ţȻվ漴漸ɽȥȻһƺƵӲԶ˹
ǰֳִ󵶣Ǽӣ߱Ǳ󺺣ƺƵа˰ٶˣɽ¡
üͷһ壬ʼҶҲʮֿأȻҲôѺ͡
Ըȥʱ׼֡
üͷһ壬漴һڣ˵

Ҫ֪ոɽȣ϶ĺأΪ׵һ󺺣ҲѺͷˡ
˴ɽûǸ󺺾ÿһܱߣİ
󺺽룬ǻʼҵĸ֣۷״̬ɲࡣΪҲȽСģ·ѺͱȻСġ
ǣĴ˵
ǲ֪ǣѱˡ

ͷ죬ʲôʱ֣ߣΪɳٳûֻǽ׼ǹ˺þãЩͷĿ಻סˣ漴ʵ
ɻɫ˵ڻƣʱٶ֡Ǹսɽȣ϶䱸ϣǿܵòʲôôֻᵼԱ
ЩͷĿţϲͷȻԶȻ
ɳɫû˵ֻ΢΢̧ͷ̫
̫ҶҲоЩܲˣɫһϲҪˡ
ְɡȻɻվȵ
ЩɽѰ಻סˣ˵֣ÿϲЦ˳
ÿͷԼĶ飬ֱҪأɿȥذɡɲŲæ
ǣ
䣡
ʼҵĶ׼ϢʱͻȻһ𣬸оɽﴫ춯صź
ˣǰִɽһ󺺴æ
붸ȻһҲûϵɽǾȻʱ֣漴ȫ׼ս
ɼ廢ԼĶƺƵʼ̶ӳ˹ƣ·ɽӣ
ʱɱźɽһƬ
Ҷ״ʱȴԥˣĿǶɣʼ̶ӡɽǻɱ˲գ۵ģ̶ǸǵĶ֣ԼҪ취ǡ
ҪǣòƿҶ׵˼ɻʵ
ţֻһʱ벻취Ҷ׿ǰɱüͷ˵
˶٣ͻȻ˵ԴӺ֡
ĵ㲦ҶŻȻҪʼҾӣôӦǳˡֻǺпפأҪӿǱ֣
ҶЦһԼѾ֪˭ֻǶɵ߹һϰھͳ˰ɡ
Ҷգ漴ܱû˷ֵʱһȥ˻ʼҾӵĺߡ
ȻŴԼʼҾɱ
˭üͷһ壬ͻȻܱʲôʱһİˣʵ
Ҷ׺ٺһЦҰǣá
Щɻ漴ܿ췴Ӧϴ˵ɵȷиҰǵˡŶ㰡˵㲻ǰôˣ
ٺٺ٣ͷЭġҶЦ˵
ͷ˵𣿡üͷһ壬Ҫ֪˰ԼĻӦûԼ˵İ
˵ˣͷ컹ǽҴȥǰҪ֧Ԯھ͹ȥҶɫͻȻ·ɫı顣
ô£ſҶ׵ıЩɫҲʵ
Ҳֻ̫֪ǽȥҴȥɡҶüͷһ壬˵
ŵ˵ͷȻߵ˵֧һҺܿ
Ҷ׿ϹˣԸԼˣ˲һϲ
ŵʵҲб񾳴ɣ͵ϮĻ˵ɱһ
˲ڴУȫûлɣҶһĿţʱ
Ҷϵ˲Х

䣡
ͬʱʹ˳ٶ֮죬ȻĿšŶȻһȻûϵԼӦʱԼؿڱݺݵػˡ
飡
һ죬ŵӱˤ˵ϣؿڻۡüͷһ壬ܿ췢Լƭˡ
㾿˭üͷһ壬Ȼȵ
ҶЦһҲûбҪ֪ˣ֮ˣ
Ҷ׻䣬ٴһֱӱӳȥɱ˹ȥż״ҲǸϽӵվ
ȣ
һȵоʩչԼķȫעԼ˫ϣ˫ȷ·أ
һ̤ʱܱߵط·֩һ˲ӿ
Ҷüͷһ壬ŹȻöԸ񾳴ɵʵԼǲһ㣡
ɱۣ֮Ѫ֮죡
ҶҲǲʾٴνԼüĴȴüĴһϸСѪɫĹߴ˳ȥֱָĿŶȥ
˲һĻвһһθо˲
䣡
֣ܱߵҲǿתźȻһ˲䱻ǵ߸𺳵ˡ
ģ㾿ʲôˣüͷһ壬ȻǸо˳û뵽ɽկоȻôˡ
ҶЦһûлشһ֮˵ֱ˷ʱ䡣
飡
ղſűҶ͵Ϯʱ򣬹ѾˣҶס˶һ˲ٴα˳ȥ
Ҫ֪ſ廢֮һˣȻһ˴ܣܿ߳ŭˡ
Сӣҷ㲻ɣſŭٴαܿ쳯Ҷ׵ķ˹ȥ
ҶҲû뵽žȻսȻ˼ˣô͸һ
ն
ҶһһѪСٴ˹ȥƣ·ܹ
һĵӭ˹ȥ
δδ
һݺ˿ŵ֮˻δӦʺѪҺʹ֮ڵϡ
Ҷ׿û˺һԭΪԼ᲻пţû뵽ôͽһ廢
ôʣ


ڶ ʼ
Ҷ׿ˣˡ
ڻʣ¹˺룬廢ôҲ練ơ淺㶼ԼߣֻҪɱǵͿˡ

һߣФһҲϸѩǡ
˷ĿǣФҲǲɵ̾һ䣬ܿ췴Ӧ֪ҪѪջġ
ѪջȻټĿЩۣФ飬˼·˱ҵѪջ
ФһǰĿջӦЩͷˡ̤ջʱһϢ˹ŵФһ¡
˭ʱһ󺺻˳һȣФŵ˫ȷ
ФΡΡ˵˵ġ
ˣ󺺱ΪҪ֪ջǸɱֻأǰСӾȻҪˣѲʲô飿
һšФӻͳһţȻҶ׸Լġ
ţˣΪȻ׽ӹţթ
ɽկˣи˽Ұ͵ѪջФϽ͵
ΪФĻ˲һϲҪ֪ԼͷɽկǱôſ϶ͷݳġ
Ϊһۣ漴˿ջĴš
ͷˡҿΪӹţϽ
ջɱţҲǶȻһǷ׷״˳ΧסФΪ
鷼ʵͷ˵ʲô
ͷ˵Ѿˣζɻһ̶Ӷ֣ҲǰȥæΪɫ˵
༸ɱֵ˵ͷ׷ױʾͬ⡣ղͷϵһֱͷİΣΪǳʲô顣
һţһ
˭ΪŰĿһԵФϡ
ңҽФҲϴ¡ФͻȻô˶ţһӸˡϲ˽ҿǵӣ·ɽկɽࡣ
ΪЩɵؿһФ漴Фļ򣺡ȻĻ¾·
Ф˵ͷϴôȱô϶ܴɽկˣԼûи˰
ãá

Ҷɱ֮»ص˺ߡŵ»ɱҪ취ǳ˲С
˲ˣϴˡҶͻȻȺУ
ЩɽղſҶףϴһȥˡ
Сӣô£һɽŶȻʵ
Ҷ׹¶ѹı飺ҺϴһԵʱһ֣ϴ󲻵Ǹ֣ɱˡҲˣӳġ
ŵǶȻһҪ֪ŵɸһЩҲʱûս˼Ⱥס
ҶеһЦ漴˵ҿǵֵסˣǻȳˣͷ챨¡
ɽҶ׵ĻҲ׷ױʾͬ⣬Ǻܿ󲿷ֵɽҶ׳ˡ
ǰĶɼڸɱʱͻȻ淢벻ϵĳˡ
ô£ɵһҪ֪пغΪʲôʼҵ̶ӻܺˣ
һԵ廢Ҳʮƣ֪ʲô顣
Ҽ׷üͷһ壬ŭȵ
ߵɽţ׷ȥĻʼҶʮ򣬺˵ʱܼɽǶɴ˿Ҳһñ˲š
ɸǲȻŭۼܹʤͻԼֲѼӵˡ
ȥɺȻŭһ̤ܱߵʯ˲䱻ը˿
ǣ
ܱߵļɽ˵ͷȥٻˡ
ΪʼҾ³ˣҽɭ֣һʱҲóȻϾڶԷѾǣ϶׼
Զ׼ٻɽ׼úò¡
أüͷһ壬廢ۼˣȴΨһš
վһԵҶһЦƺܿͻк¿ˡ
ͷ죬ĵˡüͷһ壬ɫЩɫǶ˶ٲŻ˵
ţȻһҪ֪廢Լұۣǵʵڱ֮ϵġ޹Ȼʮ־ȡ
ô£һľ㵣漴ʵ
˻˵Ҳ֪òĵһ̶ӵһָɱˡֶʮ֮죬ĵܻûغϡ
üͷһ壬˻һû뵽ʼ̶ӾȻôĸ֡
˿𣿡ɶ˶٣ʵ
ţ˵и˸ĵһĿһС˻˵
˭һ˵
Ұǡ
ҰֶϤˣϴʱһҲֳ֣΢΢һǳɫ˰֣й
ҶɽԼ漴һЦһԼ֮ˡ
ͷ졣Ҷ׹ֱۣɫʮѿʺõ
üͷ΢壬ʵʱҲֳ
ǰҺϴ׼ֵʱͻȻһ֣ϴ˵ǲǸ֣ϴΪߣͶǸ֡Ҷ˵棬·¸һ
ԼѵûµΪʲôȥźߣһһ˫Ϭ۾Ҷס
Ҷһò˵Ϻ껹ͦġģϴ̫ˣԾȥ
ҲѾˣ޶֤ô˵Ƕ֪
Ҷ׵ĻҲҷϣܲܽпٻشɡˣȥɡ
ŵһһ֣ôȡûʼұһָʡ
ǡ
Ҷ׼ûٻɣһЦȥ
ɼɫҲˣһսɽҲ۵ĲСȷԸȥפ˯ɡ
ɰ˰֣ߵλ˵
˵˵ͷ˵ǡ
Ҷ˳˶ɵӪصԼӪô죿ʵ
Ҷ׶˶٣˵ҪɱϻȻҪȰϻιⰡ
Ȼ֪Ҷ׿еָǹ˺롣
ʵ֮ϣԸ𻺻˵
Ҷ׵˵ͷǻһ˿ȣǰԱҪ취С
Ҫλһ£ǵİô죿˽顣
ãȶԸɵʱ˵ڱ¶Ļɿ϶Ҫֲ
Ҳûж˵Ҷ׵ӣп϶˰취

ɫԽԽҶ׼ɽǻ˯ˣ͵͵˺ˣ˵ʵ֮ϣԻȶ֡
ӪҶ׵ĲԶҶһֱӪǰ
˭Ҷ׻δվȽŲ߾ʹһȡ
ҶײòľȻһӾͱˡϴҡҶЦеĽӪС
㣿뿴Ҷ׵ݣüͷһ壬Щɻ


ڶ 
ղڶɵӪпҶ׵òȻʶҶס
£üͷһ壬ɫ˵
ҶЦϴͷȥһˡ
ͷңЩɻΪһµĻǹԼΪʲôҰԼͷʲô𣿡
òǻʼ̶ӵ飬Ҳ̫Ҷü·Ĳ֪һ
뿴Ҷ׵ı飬Ҳûлɣǵ˵ͷš
漴Ҷ״׼ȥʱҶһת
䣡

ҶüͷһһƷؿ֮ϡ붸ȻһҲǿһֱӶһ
Ҷ׿㿪ˣ˲üͷһ壬û뵽ٶȻǿ죬ӦԶԶ˿š
ֻڱ¶Լô϶ⲻһս
ڸʲô뿴Ҷ޹ʳ֣漴ɫһͻȻŭ
Ҷ׵ЦֻҪϴѡ
Ҷ׵Ļ붸Ȼһ˲䷴Ӧɱģ
ûҪֵˡҶһɫ˵
֪ԼôҪսپˣԲ˷ԼȻԼĲ
ŭСӣȻôã˵㵽ʲôˣ
Ͳ˵˰ɡҶһصڿУϵХ

䣡
ҺҶһʼܱ߲˽磬ʲô̫ĶܱߵǸߵ
Ҷ׵ͬˮһȻ˳Ҫüͷһ壬ԼСҰǡ
ҲǺܿһ̤ҰܹɵţɼʵҲһ㣬ԼһСģҲ
˫ȭ
һȵȫȻǣЩγѪɫȻע˫ȭ֮ϡ
䣡
죬ȭش˳ȥ·ܱߵĿת涼Ҫһ㣡ҶһǿĹƣҲû
صһһ˲ϯӪеһѱˣҶײϿֵĹơ
Ҫǽ磬˶ǵע⡣
ǺǺǣСӣһСˡȻҴҵ⣬ֱЦ˼ܿЦ̣¶׺ı顣
ҶҲЦҵҪ˭ɱ˭ˡ
Ҷ׻֣ٴһ䣬˫ȭٴγҶ׵ķ˳ȥҶ׼״һˣ˫ָϽһһѪС
ն
ҶٴκȵеѪҲ˲ӳѪնȥ
ȴѪȻ˫ȭ֮ϣԭΪ˫ȭˣûϵ˫ȭȻ
ô£Ҷ׵һƵ
ǺǺǣСӣĶ뿴Ҷɻı飬ϲãЦ
ҶȴȻٴնγɵٴϯ
˵ͷȫңɼսʮּңҶûİȻܱ񾳴ɵ˴ˣҲǶǰ漸񾳵ľ飬Լս˲١
ʵҲܣҶ׵ǿ󵶷棬ȻеɫĴ󺹲ϵδ˫ȴӲš
䣡
˻ջ˫ȭ˵һԣŴ
Ǻǣ㻹ǷɣͷҪˡҶ׵һЦǻһ˿ȣ·һɱһ㡣
üͷһ壬漴ҲЦǺǣ־ÿ
䣡
Ҷٴγֵʱ뵱ɫһ䣬ȫļٴα
Ҷ׿ϵļⱩǣҲűǵʱЦΪᱩǼ𣿡
üͷһߣ漴Ҷס
뾪㵵ǣҶϵļҲͻȻǡҶ׵ļ
飡
ŭӴһ˲һȭ˹ȥȭ磬˿Ҷ״Ļᡣ
ҶҲһɫûҲһȭ˳ȥ
䣡
ȭڿص֣˾һϵҲǺȻǣֱӳԷ˹ȥ
һθоԼȻԶԶСӣ·ԼҪһҶ׿ɻı飬һϲ
Ҷŵʱ͵͵ʹоԼҶһ
һ𣬸оԼҪĽߣҶ׵ı飬ȻһԭթǵԼӦʱ򣬷Ѿˡ
ҶȫǣӿԼȭͷϡҶͻȻǵʵٴγܲסӺȻ˳ȥصˤ˵ϡ
ȿȡüͷһ壬оؿһ𣬷·ȫһ㡣ԼڵѺĽߡ
ǺǣڸоôҶ׻ǰЦ˵
ʱЩˣΪʲôôĶܱߵôûз֣ѵܱ߲˽磿
УһҪܱߵˡһа
ҶЦô㻹Ҫӳȥ
벢û˵򲻶ӳȥİ취ͻȻοһٶҪҶס
ҶҲǲûзӦȷˣֱӿ˳
˲һӿֱӴϡ
ҽһٴαڵء
Ҷüͷһ壬Ҫսپĺã漴Ѫһնͷ­
ѪֱҶ׿ˣŻ
ʵˣ֪Ǹϴ˵ʵôˣ춭ɿ϶ֻƢҪҸڲС
Ҷ׽һУܱû˵ʱ͵͵Ӫ˳صԼӪС
Ϊɱ룬ҶҲ˲ٵʱúһ²С
Ҷ׻۾״̬

գ˲ɽȻ󲨣
ô£һһӣŭ
λ廢ˣԶ˵һҪ֪ʼ̶ѾˣԼ޶˳£ҪԼ
üͷһ壬˵иȥܵķв鿴ŷܱɱˣֶòƸĵһģõɱġ
ɺȻŭ˭ô󵨾ȻӪɱҵˣ
ҲӦõġ˶˶٣˵
˹˵Ļ˺þãһɱ𣺡õѲ벻ɣ
Ҫ֪ʼҾӴ󲿷ֶõģܹɱͿű񾳵ĸ֣ôпܾ롣
ɵĻĬҶеһЦû뵽ȻԼ˺ڹ
룬һҪ˺ɣһӣٴŭӾȻӲɸˣľмҷɣֱը
ܱߵɽľͷû˵


ڶ 
ʱڴϢȻ֪ʲô£ѺͻʼұҪ˳Ҫɽȡ
ɽдɽǰաһԼı˱УôǵԴ顣
һһԲ˼μȱ˺ֿ˳ķӡ
̽ôˣ뿴󺺻ˣʵ
һ󺺻˵Ϊ׵ϴɣ˵ʵ۷塣廢ҲǱ񾳴ɵĸ֡ɽԶԶǣߴһǧˡ
⻰뵹һԭΪɽֻһѣû뵽ȻʵҲԶԶǡ
ǳôˣҲԤıġһҪúñɽУ֪𣿡ᶨ񣬳ɫ˵
༸ҲǷ׷׵˵ͷǣһ
ûãһ󺺴Ҵææ˹ɫʮѿˡ
ôˣ뿴ɫҲǳɫʵ
ɽͻȻдˣ·׼ٴνˡ󺺳ɫ˵
⻰Աߵ˸һû뵽ɽǾȻ˲񣬻ҽüͷһ壬ŭȺɽǷԸȥÿ˶׼ս
ǣ
⣬ȥ֧Ԯɽ̫࣬¡˶٣ŲæطԸ
վԱߵĴ󺺵ͷǣϾȥ
źȥ
˴󵶣ŭ׼
һŭǷ׷ǣ
ܿ죬źƺƵһȺٴγ˴֣ȴԶҲǴɽѵȺʱһսǱⲻ˵ġ
룿üͷһ壬һǰ
ȻҲ漴ǰɽȻǻʼҵĶǻĲͷ𣿡
ôҲŭ˵ô͵Ϯǣɱֵܣ˼˵
뱻ô˵ͷԡ
ʲôƨʲôʱ͵Ϯˣ͵Ϯģ
ͷ˲䳳Ҷ򵭵һЦӹԽԽˡ
䣡
ϵ˲䱩ֱ϶ǿһײǿɡ
ˣҲܿȥ
˲䣬ӺƺƵĶ鲻ϳԷܱ߳źɱһƬɽС
Ҷüͷһ壬˼սԼĿȴǶɺ͹ˡȻܹɣôܹ鷳
ȴɺĻȣǱ۷ĸ֡
䣡
ÿδصɣ
ƣ붸ȻһȣȫעУܿһ˶ǰһƺȻ˳ȥ
Ʒ磬·ƿ
üͷһǿĹƣȻʾһ̤ȫת
ҷȭ
ɺܿɫһ˫սһȭҲǺ˳ȥ
飡
صһǿ˲ɢ˿ϯܱߵʯͳ׷ɡ
˵ٴν֯һ𣬲ƴ˶Է·ҪѹŶԷ
һֱڵ潣ӰУϸɽʵսԶԶ롣ߴһʱҲüͷһ壬û뵽ɵʵԶԶԼ
ǺǣǻǾ糷ذɡЦһһһɱⶸȻ𣬲ϳɽȡ
üͷһ壬ɫ˵ܣɽǣ
䣡
ɼ粻飬ϵٴαǣȫעУֱӺȥ
һֱԱ߹սҶҪ֣ǿ벻жɣüͷһ塣˶ɣô϶˶УԼҪɱɵĻС˺ܶࡣ
ѵҪ벻ɣ˶٣ҶЩɻǻʵ
ڿǣϾ²򵥡
Ҷ̾һ۾˵ĶԼҲǲóȻ֣һСģױ¶Լݡ
벻УһѺġٿһԵĹˣҲһԱͽ淺ӦÿסˣǶɵе鷳
ǵȵȰɣС鷼ǼҲ˰ɡ
Ҷһʱ䣬ҲˣؽͻﵽɡǵĻôҲкܶࡣ
ô죿
һ룬ϴ·磬ƳŲʮغϣɡ
ҲǲɵˣӦúܿҲԮ
Ҷ׵Ļ䣬Ķ鴫ź
ȴһֻƺƵĶװΣԮź˲һϲתͷȻԮ
ɫһ䣬û뵽ȻԮ˲ʼҵľ׳˲٣ɽЩ£׷Щġ
ģȻԮ
üͷһ壬ʱŭЩԮĻôԼǴĲ
ǺǣһȰ˻ذɡ뵭һЦһ߶ԸŶɣһЦ
һΣǲò˻صĺá
˻أأ
һҲǲսЩɽƣˣҪأ׷뿪ɽȡ
ɶӿˣҲ׷ɱܿ춼ͣ
Ҷ׼뿪ˣҲȥ׷׳ˡ

ģȻһһصӪУȻŭٴһġ
ԭľӣû뵽һԼȴĶӵ뿪ˣԼӴ
ͷ죬±Ҫ̫żһԵĹ˻˵
һһɫ˵ҾͲˣˣһҪɱ
Ҷ򵭵һЦΪ£ʱỳɵԼôҪȽˡ
ɰ˰֣ȥɣһ˵°ɡ
ǡ˵˵ͷ˵
ϣΪĴս˽䱸ɭϣвٵѲߡ
Ҷû˿ʱ͵͵˳ؽ鷼˶
ҶԵһ׼뿪ʱ򣬾ȻӰ
˭Ҷüͷһ壬ɫһԭΪԼˣ
ͷ죿
ʱӰһϤͻɵ
Ҷ׶Ȼһ۾΢У²鷼
ͷ죬㣡
ȴ˿Ҷףϲ׷״Ӱ˳ҶҲһϲ鷼Ϊ˶ˡ
ͷɺãΪҶף˲ʵ
Ҷ׵˵ͷţУûʲôѡ
ϴ󡣡
ФҲˡҶײ˲ͷߵФ
ͷ죬׼ʲôأ鷼˶٣˵
ɱˣ
ҶһϵɱⶸȻ𣬷·ǴӺＷһ㡣


ڶ Ѫ
ҶĴԭǽɵһһɱܹãҶѾʲôԽɱ˱սپ淺ҲûбҪһɱΪɱֵԸ񣬷Ҳһ
ɱ˹֮׼Խ淺㶯֣
ʣµͰ֮ǰԸȥŰɣ֮һе鶼ҪռƻУͬʱ뷢Ϣǽɽľλãǻ͵ϮɽկġҶ׿ɲΪɱỳɵԼͷϣɽկô˶ˣսپ
ҪҪѶ֮һƧĵطʣҪӶõҶҲŵϢ
ϴǾˣ鷼ҪҶ׽淺ǹһҶ˼ᶨĿ⣬ְҪ˵Ļȥ֪Ҷ֮ôſ϶Լ뷨ģһ뵽ỹҪ뿪֧ĬĬ뿪ˡ
Ȼ鷼Ҷ׵ٻһЩɣǾĿǰ˵ҶױֳѾԶԶԤڡ˵ѭչȥŪ÷ѩ۹ɱֹỹᱻŪķˮ𣬶ЩɱֹνҲлͷ֮ˡҲΪʲôɱֹ˻ô쵽ԭ
ţôߣ鷼ߺҶתһȻФû뵽ФȻϢ͵˿ջȷʵҲɱֹһݵ㡣ʱԷһתվҶײŻῼФʱȥͶġ
ФˣҶЩɻˣڲѵҪ𣿡
ФһŵӣҶЩͷʵҶ׻ʱФƺһʲôҪľ΢Щ˵ϴڻȥ·˺ܶ飬ҾôȥܻܿһЩƽȢһƯţⲻҪĶǿҪΪϴһݵ
ҪҪȫұŵĳ𣡡Фһ˵仰˵ƶı˲١ΪֻڵĻҶ׻ĻǾԲܵġ
Ҷ׻ҪᡣϾŵĳҲܹı˭̣ǸʱҲڵʵûΪܹĻȴһӣò˶֮ͿԽһԼˡ
ֻЩǰǰ޷гġ
ô죬ԼѵҪһ᣿
Сӣ˵Щ̫ˣȻԸһЩǵĻᣬܹһֱҺ治Ļ֮һῼǵģʮֵڵҶѾܹһЩԼˡһܹõĿڵһʺԼѡ
ǰйͬ꣬ҶֻҪһãĻᡣͨô˵İţҪȥһ͵ϵ˵ҲˣĻһʧܣһ۵̫ˡ
˵ЩҶ׾ȻԼЩ顣Ǳô򵥵飬ܹأ
ãԸ⣡Ҷû뵽ǣФ붼ûͬˣ⵹Ǵϡ
Ҳ湻Цģһ˺˵ͬĻҲ̴ӦġϾֻܱûлҪáûлĻ»һһҪʹɡ
ˣ°ɣһһЩҪǣҶ׿˿ߵФֻ΢˵ͷصӪկϢˡ
̫ҰһͨСͷĿڳ⣬ںȾƣͬкܶͨɽƴ˯ҪúϢ֮һǧ˵Ķ͵ŵڶһȫˡ
ۿʱѾһӽҹˣҶһͷӪկ˳
ȥǹ˵ϢĵطǶɻҪҽ淺ֵ֪û
뵽ЩҶױ߳ԼӪկŶɵӪկȥʱɵӪկƻŲ֪ǲʲô顣
ͷ죬ҰӪկĸǰҶװڵϣ˵
ɣҶ׵Ļ˵ûã洫һҶɵϿ켸˽ȥ
ߣôӪկʲô飬ûʲôҪ͸ϽҹʧȥԱ󽫣ɵƢԽԽԼһȽϿõҰЩͷˡͻȻ뵽ԼɳҶ׵ı񾳸ѾöûиԼϢˡ
ֻһֿܣǾˣɽѾҰǸɱˡҰôʵ
һʱ䣬ͻȻһЩԤСֻû뵽ָоҰ֮䵽ʲôϵ
ͷ죬Ѿ֪ź˭ɱˣҶװڵͷҲ̧Ļȴʮֵļᶨ
ˣͲҪôˣֱ˵ɱֵɣҶ׵ĻȻûţ෴ΪҶƭһЩջ
ɵֱ飬ҶﰵЦЦ˵ͷ죬Ҳ廢ԱǾͷߣ
Ҷ׿˿붭˵ȻĶȺСҲö΢ʲô
ţ֪֪˵ʲôڻ廢ҵģ̽廢һջ𣬿ҰǾȻѾ˵ĻбҪĻʣµ廢ԱɽկͱҪˡ
ûã淺˶棬ǹ˻ûиϵѾûǸȥȹˡ
ܣܣã챾ͷһЩҪʵһ£ǾǹڿźҰ˵˵ɣ˵Ŷɱ˵ȨݸҶס
Ҷ֪ɱΪؼʱ̵ˣҲ΢һߵ淵˵λɽկλ廢ˣ֪λкθ룬ǲһЩɵĸоأ
Ҷ׵Ļһڰ˾Խ淺㣬öɵɫҲһվû˵ǽ深Ҷôһʣɫ৵һӱˣЦͷ죬Ŀģѵÿźɱģ
ЦѵСӵĻֵܵĻҲ𣿡淿Ҷףʮֳ˵
Ҷ֪Լܹóʲô֤ݣǲŵģһѴѪĸֵ˳ŵ˶ɵǰͷпŵѪ㽯淵ѪҶԱȣ֪Ľˡ


ڶ ڱ¶
ǿЦҵѪô棬СʲôѻţҶ׵Ļ̱Ц
һ˵һһӡȻķȺСȴһǳõźš
ʲô㾹Ȼ˵Ļ治˽еĽ淣ɣһж
ⲻѪҰ㣬ˣΪʧ֣ҲǱŭǳԼ׽˶Բˡ
ɵĻﰵһЦʵ廢ԶһʼǷǳĵġ
ʱţµĸԽԽ࣬һЩǿ߸Ƿ׷׻㼯ɽկöԽԽȶеʱ򻹹廢ֵܲı뷨ڿǵѡǶԵġ
ãϴ󣬼Ȼ㻳ңҾûʲô˵ģھ֤ʵҵװɣ˵нѾǱ۷壬붭ʵ൱˵Ҳ¶Զɡ
淼ɵǰһڴ׼ԼиһѪ
ֻһڴиڽ淵֮ϣһѪ˳Ŵ󵶿ʼ
ǲǽ淵ѪͿˣ
ʱҲЩŵİԼĿ⿴һѪڶɵľΪɢʱ򣬽ͻȻת󵶽׼˶ɡ
·תһʹõķǳ죬һʱҲûпȴô׼ԼĴֶ׼˶ɣһ˲ֽǶȵֱȡɵ˵ޱȵĺݶ
ܹĳһ̫֮ʱ䡣󵶳ֺֻһ˶ɵǰеĴ󵶸ǧ򻯣ֻһգ۵Ĺ򣬾Ѿ˳ļһâ˶ɾĴ
һ̿ǵâ·תתƣһ֮£ǹΪֹݡ
ˡһ淵һƬӰ˶һ࣬ۿеĸֵҪ촦ˡ
ȻҶ˵һ˲ǳĶݣڽ淵Уһ˲ƺȴһôϣԼһֱӾͽɵͷӴһصԼıı鱻ɷ֡
һոµʱ򣬶ɵӰǳڽ淵ǰһҲʧӰ٣Ϣȫޡ
ôܣǶԭ棬ѵǵļƻ¶ˣ添ûȷӦ˴ƬĻѡ˿̶Ҳվ棬ƺѾƽȥ
Ұǣ㣬淣û뵽ıҪıҲûʲôȻҪıӦ֪ı³˶ɱɱЩͽȻ˲ܹƾϾҲһۣںܶطй֮ģ׺ݷ棬Ҷ׺ͽ淡һ࣬Ҳܹһֱɱͷԭ
ɵĻ淶ʱҲǹЦгֱһš˺һȻһ޴ѷ죬񱻽汬׼һҶ׵ֱӱ¶ڶɽǰ
һԵľɽĻ
ҷżɴ˿Ѿޱȵıŭһ£ٸɼˢˢҶ׵˵塣
һ˲ٺâɼĺ㽫˸
˵ЩɼͨƷֵĻǼûаľ⡣ϧѾ׼ضһɼַɼ֮ϵ󷨿һ𣬸Ҫ鵤ϵĸֲܹáʮһһ񾳴ɵǿһҲᱻģοжһǿԱŻڶɿ廢һıҲƤġ
ɣû뵽ǵ黹Ǳ㷢ˣȻһֻϺ꣬²֪Ѿ۷˰ɣԽһս˵ϵϢҲһȻһͷԶ޳ֱӽӭϰ֧ɼ嶼ǼˣЩɼǴ͸ֻ޵䵽˵ǰ
Ƿͷ֣ؽɱһ˵ȾˣڸԼȡôһѵĻ̻֮һƬӰŶɵ߽ӽĲ鶯ÿһߺϻֺǱӣ˵Ǵ˵֮еĻλ֮š
ƶɿʱͬ鱪һѸݣʱͬͻһײСڽڿ֮仯ǽõûǶɿ֮ҲǶԽ淶һĹ˼ɡ
·ת淼˶ɵǰյʮָۣһĲռ˳ȥһƬɫĹâֱֵնɵ
˵һֱڶɵϣֱӾܹһΪˣ
ǶɵʵͱȽ淸߳һЩټѾڽ淳ֵʱҲ˷뽯淲ͬǣõʮһ֮ϳ˷̣֮ϴ⣬һ¾ܹоһԼϣ㲻ΪҲԶˡ
ˣһٳǧ𣬼ǽ淵ĴٽҲ붭ӲӲ
šһ淵Ĵ󵶻붭еײһ𡣽֪ûȫ˳Ƶɳȥöɼ˱ˡʱ˫Ա߸
صٶȡ˫ýӸ߿շն¡˫һĽӰƬĽӰͬһʢĻһγһһĹͽɸСһǿҵĽҲö׼׷淵ĲҲͣ
ٶȷɿ죬ҲǼܲס˶ࡣֵܵʽոڶɵϣһֱڶߵ߰˸񾳸Ҳ鵤ǳҶǱΧȥ
Ҷֻô˵ĻǽǱɡҶ׳ɱֹˣĺͻϮڻɱϳ˸ֿܡھʣ¾һЩʱ䣬ȴһȵˡ
ͬʱڵҶ˵Ҳոʱ䡣
ۡȻЩ鵤ڶ࣬Ҷ׵ʵѾܹɱǿߡһ뵽鵤СɣɵȦ棬һɱ¾
ʵܹôҲΪЩɽƽʱ۸Щ̫ͨϰˣû뵽ԼԵĲһɱ֣һԽսšҶһһ鵤Сɵĸ֡еıֱԼת
գ۵Ĺ߰˸鵤Сɡɵĸ־˰˾Ÿ⻹Ҷûм׷¡ٴγֿЩΧɱҶ׵鵤ֻһġ


ڶ ƾвɱ벽ǻ
ʲôҰ𣿡Ҷ׳֣ͬһԼһɱҲһľ֣ͻȻû뵽ԼƽʱǺӵСͷĿﾹȻԤڡôᱻ׷ɱΪͨأ
Ҷ鵤ֵΧ֮£޵УһʱҲǻ񣬲֪Ӧô̵ʱ֮ѡ뽫ҶնɱĻɽʣ޼ˣ
ң㵽˭ƭȡҵΪʲôѾͽͼıΪƭȡҵأܶɱ淺ƵˣĲȴʼûаҵļ󣬶淺֮󣬻ʵǰɱҶסԿǻʾжľˡ
Ļǲô׾ͺͽ淺ַģҰǵıʵԤϡܹ콫ҶɱĻ½Ҫ淺㷭̡ʱܹ˳ѣԺҲһɥ֮ȮˡɱҰѹǰ˵ѡ
ڶɳֵʱȭͷҲͬһһݺݵҶףͬʱеŻһŽ淺ĳ֣һѰʱҶ׽һɱ
أɾ޴һֱͬһĽͬʱһҲǴ֮ԾЩһɺɫɣһһҪҶϯȥͬʱһȭӰ統вͣľᡣ
Ҷܹоؾһϣһȭ統С˵Щɫֻһαװѡ
ˣҶҲǺѴзֱ٣ЩϵĶҶڵΪ˵ǼߡΪӦٶȸ֪һȭʲôطӦԷһȭѾԼھٶǰһжͽ͡
ȻҶҲǲܵŶĽԼ˵ģԶһȭȫҲѸٵ۳
ɢԼܹԤҶڷʱҲǱԼܶԡ
ڶһȭʱҶҲԼǰѭһƬһơƵô̽ΪһȭҵһȭλãĹԵЩΪˡ
ˡһһƬ㳯ŶɵֹȥһƬƬĲҲ˳Ŷɵɢȥ˲Ҷױ㿴˶λá
ɣȻݶҰ׼һͻᱻɱģҶ͵һȫļҲһɹ˳ֱ۱ע뵽еѪС
ȵѪı䣬ݺݵķնʵڵλá
Ҫ֪һȭĿϵȭӰǴҶ׵湥ʵһȭȴǳҶ׵ıһȭ
˵ҶתƴĻôҶ׾Ҫ͵ϮҶǰ˼ɵĵطһȻռˡ
ȻȽ϶ѣҶڵѾǱʧһֱȽǵ
¸£Сڲ֪ǲѾˣò˵ȷʵܾƭȡҶΣȻĻܻĸ죬ھҳŪɣɵӰѾҶ׵ıһȭ˵ʵʵĴ˳
һȭֱ֮ϵļҲֱ죬ֱ֮ϵҲǷתͣĻ㼯ȭͷ֮ϣһȭٴһ
նҶ͵תȻЩӦ䲻ļҲһЩΪٵĲÿһĴѾԶԶ߳ˡ
붼û룬ֱһ붭ɵһȭݺݵײһ
顱һҶһ붭ɵȭӰײһ𣬺ɫâҲֻǾ޴ȭӰ֮һĥĺۼֻᣬ㱻޴ȭӰӱһζҲҶ׳׵ʧա
Ҷ׵ĶҲǽȡһЩʱ䣬ڶɽҶ淺ɳȥʱһߵĽҲɱ˿˫յޣӰѾԾ˰֮Уͬһεĵâɱ붭ɵ塣
˵ķʽҪɻɱһпƴҶףʵҲھԼΪܹоڵĶʵҲǽȣδһ֮ʱܽ뵽ǻʾѾǰ벽ˡʵҪδı۷ǿҪǿࡣܹƴ˽ɻɱҲ׬ˡ
ϧǶô֪ܲıҶױɻ֮󣬶ɵ͵һתһȭʣֱӺ˽淡
ȻѾӦǽһȴû˿ı仯һʤĸоһУȻǾŵɡ
ŵÿһ֮䶼ǽģһһΣաŵܹڶɵϣƴˣҲùġԽһ־ûҪڶӭʱ򣬽һѾͬһ˶ɺȭͷ
һһ붭ɵȭͷײһ
ţŸֵ˫ֱӽʵεתڶ˲ٴɡǽΪˡ
ڶɵֻһһһЩѡ
ҷɣڽ淵ѾԼǰʱ򣬶һֱƴҲ漴֡
ˡһһͬһɽǵصľѹҶ׵壬˲佯深оԼǰһƬӰԼ綼ڰһ
һҲǽŵ֮һƴȫʩչ
֮䣬âݺݵײһ𣬵ཻ䣬ĵâӰڶ˵ܲͬıըɾȻһЩʵȻðű͵ϮķٴȥһȭֱӺ淵ز
顱һһȭȻִ٣ǻǴ˽淵塣
䡱һ淵屻ֱӶ˵֮ϡ
ʱҲǱʮ񾳵ǿ߸סһߵҶٴα鵤ΧϡһɾܹרĶԸ淣ܹץסλ᳹׽淴ˣôתԸҶףͺðˡ
֮ǰ淣ɱҶҲΪЩҶ״ͣɱЩֲ鵤ȡһЩӦĻѡʵĿ껹ǽ淡ԼȻնɱҶ׵ĻᣬȴûٴγҶ׵ĸǰǽеľȫնɱ淵ϡ
ɣ深ԼɳȥڵγһӣٴεԼ淵塭


ڶһʮ ǿɱ
¸¸£淣οɿԼѾռƣһһ淴˵Ļôǵ춨һڶʤʱٴȥȡĶҲһЩʱˣ磬ڶ
أ
ˡһֱӴӶɵչͬʱļҲ˼ԭ˶ֱӸֱ֧
嶼ͬһСɽһӽ淵ͷ˵淲ĻǶɴԽֱѹġ
Ǹû뵽һǵ͹˶ɵʵɾȻܹ޽ӽǻʾߵʵһ˲侹ȻһֱĸоԶȫһҪģĻĸҡ
òһָоϢʹ࣬һԽĳԵĺ
ɣȻҪɱ㣬ѾǵеĺˣΪƾһоҪɱңСˣܹڶô꣬ǹӶɱֳȻԼӲʱ
ڶȫֵʱ򣬽ҲǴԼĿڴͳһɫСơȻһֻĴСһ֮ȴǵ󷨣󷨾£һγһ޴󷨡󷨵һγһ֮ϵķš
ڶȫһ֮£еһƾȻųɫâЩɫĹâͬˮһ㳯ŶϯȥֱӾͽɸͬʱɫâҲγһ󷨿ʼնͷŵĹ
žһӣеͺһƬĻһĻҵķ飬ضŻζɵҲǱĻɳȥֻĻҲǷǳޣڶڿеɳȥһκ̵ܶľ֮ͣ
û뵽㾹ȻһרԸҵĽƣһıˣھҰɱҲΪˣɵֻڰ֮΢˺һЩֱͣеٴκݺݵ淡
Ȼһû֮ǰôͣǿ󣬵ٶȻֱڵλá֮ǰĻ壬ԼҲǴһ̶ϵõ⡣ȥɻɱĿԻǺܴģĵĽȸٴμӾ磬ҪԽʹУͬʱҲϣɱܹһˡ
ڵ˵Լ޷ɱɵģֻܹһʱһʱˣԾڶǰʱ򣬽еĸֵҲͬʱŶɷնȥ
һ˫յад󣬽еľȫһ㡣৵һӵɣ𣬽淵ĴԭطԾӰҲǱԽԽöٴζʩչһҲһЩ
һȻͬϡһǽóУѾӶݵλáĿһɨ㿴ڲԶĶĽ淡
淣ǲǾ㻹Ԯأ
ҿԸ㣬֪֮ǰõУҲǰͲҪκλˣ˵ţɵ͵һתķӿӰֱӳڲԶĽٴ˹ȥ
һ̣һֻȻʱ̷͵ϮǼˣ֮й䵽ϵȻһ֧ڰ֮л硣ǿƿöɵٶȼҪȽ淿˲ֹһ֡
һݺݵĺýٴվˡҲ֪ԼһɱҪٴ붭ٴӲƴˡ
Ȼһ־ҵĿ־Ȼǿҿ־֮Ǹǿ˷ܡ˵ԼԶɵĲͳҲԽԽǿܹƴһҲһӾô»췹ҪǿϾĳԡ
ɣֵ֪ΪʲôҪ𣿡
ⲢǲΪǶڵȨ㣬⼸ʵǼֵĺҺ㣬Ƕһζιˡšߺ޲ѣֳĳɼȴǲŲʡ
УЩбȻҲ˲ʵǿߣЩǿ߾㲻ΪҲǣЩܵĴ廢Ҳ˶٣廢ҲǼΪĺ
ҺҲԶԶҪҰģǰȻӿ࣬δأֻҪһɽͷ죬ûʲô־ܹˣ
Ծ㲻ҲźͷһˣΪĵмȵĿ־һ˾ͺһͷĹţһʼֱײͬʱƴһҲǱʹó
â¶
ৡһӣһѩĸֵ֮չһ޴ĹâҲ˽е˲󣬱һͷޣŽȫĿ񱩣ôһͱ˶ɡ
˵һ̣ȫڰ֮貨΢һ˲㽫ԼȫҲǻһ㣬ƺ˿̵˷ȫ뵽еĸֵУһͬҲǴӸֵ֮бŷ
ˡһֵٶӣ޽ӽıԵˡ
ãҾ͵һˣ
淣˵ĶԣҶֵ⼸ȷʵԣҲ㱳ҵɣҾ֪ҵĺƴɶʱЦһʵڽ淺ҰѾֵ֪ͬһֱұۣЩҲǼĻ⡣
ֵķѣǸһնڻһᣬĻɽկǲչ
˱˴˵뷨ȵĳͻϣԷܹԼʵȴô׸ıġ
ڰ֮Уǿݺݵײһ𡣡䡱һһǿ㳯޵չȥ
һ˲ֵ֮ļײȻĦһǿ磬ڻƴе˶ϯȥˡ˵֮伫ȷһλƴǳߵһηй

ǿҵ統У֮ⲫûֹͣһҵĿܡ
ĽǳԣһֱƵĽֱӱһ˳ȥһֱ´͸Ѫ˿ڣֱý淵ȫȾѪ
ʲôⶭôֱͣӾͽ淸ɱˣȫȾѪڵѾĲܹҶҲǻһЩ˼
˵ˣôһ˾ˡ
Ҷǿնɱ˼鵤ֵʱͻȻ洫һɱ֮


ڶһʮһ ɱ
ˣҶû뵽淾Ȼô죬ǾĵʱĻҲ漴ϵ
ˣζǵˣоԽԽߵӪأҶ׵ʱࡣȥĻɾҲ޼µġ
뷨Ҷ׽Ȼ෴ڽϺ˼ʮǿߣȻֻʮʱŴﵽ񾳣ڱ۷Ҳǿô꣬ʵȴ˿û˲űһ졣
پӦþʱ򣬻һܹûһɳﵽ񾳵ļ£ΪǻʾĻߡ
û뵽ǳɱ֣ҾľҲŹ
ðɣôһ֮ԡɣ
Ұǣʵݿ϶ҰǣҰǿѾɱȻ߻һУô͵ӭҵŭɣܴ֮гѾȫԡѪսȴû˿ļг͵ơ
һӣֱӹȫһֱԱ뼸ǿɱ㶼һľʧ롣
㣬ǵڶҵˣԽˣҲˣ
ΧסٰҰǵˣԺһ᳹ĥģһԸбǿһӶΧҶף鵤ָǽҶ׵·׷Ҷ׸ûаĻᡣ
ʱٴɱ㡣㾹ȻһִݺĸоͻȻԼҲûбҪȥˡ
˫
ҵĽҵҵ£һսҽˣؽҵĽ֮£ԶɵǿƳѾ׽Լ֮ˡ
һԭЩ˫ȻǰδеĹâЩâԽ۾ԽʢһЩɫĽâ汬ѪֺһֱӽľҲ֮ΪԻ͵ʱˣ
¸¸£㣬Ѿ˵˫ֻûǰʹùʹ˫Ҳ˽һԸ
ҶȻбݶǻǿߵģ廢֮ڽ淣廢Ѿڣô͸ŽһȥȪɣ
Ȼ֮ǰѾʹùһУȴһɫƳա˵һСƼֱǿɱеʵѾԽһı۷̫࣬Ѿ벽ߣѾԽһЩ벽ࡣ¾㲻Ҳˣټϻıɡ
ֻѾĻҪǿ࣬ʵٴǻʾô͸ҪκεģСٽ̶ֱӵ춨ݡʱǷٺ̸еʱҲòֱˡ
ɱһұҪˣе뷨ޱȼᶨ֮еĴٴڴĹע֮¿ʼɿ
ͬʱˮһעļ⵱УšǡҼ͵ʼ޵ıٴչ֮ǰ屶ĳ̶ȣͬһСɽͷ
ۡһ˫ʱɵһյһЩת˺ǻƴĽҲǵΪֹŶ޿ƥеѹֱӱһѪֱĿҶˡ
Ȼû˵ôôҶףһ̵ĽҲѾǳˡڶ˵Щ鵤ֺͱǿֵ߳ʱҶ׾ѾԤϵԼ
ȻҲûһ˿Ϊʤ뷨
ΪѾնɱ廢ǿߣǿиṩ˲ľ顣ڼҰǸṩһǧ飬͡ӺСɸ飬ڵľжʮǧˡ
ɱʮ鵤ṩǧľ飬жʮ顣ֻҪɱǿ߾ͿԽˡ
ĹƶɱֻҪʮʱ䣬ʮʱӦÿɱǿߡʱǿߣ㲻ܹɱҲܹ֧ŵĵˡ
һ뵽Ҷ̽Լиչ
ɱ֮ɱۣ֮ɱ񾻻
ɱ¼ĸܳ׿֮Ҷ׵ʵʼֱͬʱٶҲǿ
ܵҶ׵ı仯Χбǿߺ鵤ֶ÷ǿ˿̵Ҷ׸Ͳͨ鵤֣Ǳ˺Ͷһˡ
ն
ҶȫʱǿֱӽѪܳһɹʺɫѪҺֱӽһѪܳһЩëϸѪҲǹ
һʱҶȫ¶ѪܱѪҺ֮֫ĸоһҶ׾ͺһȫʺɫѪܳ͸һȫɢŨŨʺɫĹâ
ΪеѪǿѪɫĳ֮£Ѫ澹ȻһɹŨһһһԭѪĻȻҲǸܵҶǿҵɱʼѪ֮ˡ
𣡡
Ҷһһǿߣٴתһ鵤ֱûзӦʱһҲ̵ֱһǿߡ
鵤ֺͱǿߵɢ֮£˵Ҷ׻Щ߹Լٶˡ
ʱҶ׵Ѿûκ˱ܣеľնɱһǿߣ
ۣ
ҶڶԼһѹΪƬʱֱǰһɫâ磬ڽһǿ߸նɱˡ
һҶ׾ȻһǰδеĿУǰδеǿš
ΪԴӵɱ¼һ̣֪һӵһĹ
ɵʮǿߣӴľֵٶͻơ
ҶҲǳɱ¾У˵ľ飬ʹҪոһ
ŨŨѪܣȾӣ˫ۡ
Щľеľ־壬йĿС
Ҳͣ٣ҪǱǵΪ̤۷塣
ضѭɱ֮¾£
ҪɱˣɱΪҶס
ǻʾкξ壬ɱ¾ʢ磬ʼɣ
ҶɱԴӽ鵤۷֮ʮǿ֮ΪֱӴ鵤۷СɡһʵٴԶҲûκξ⣬ɵİֱӽɱˡ
ղΧɱҵķȫȥɣҶ׽֮ߵЩ鵤֣ӱǿȫҡ
Ҷ׵ٶȼ죬ЩѾûжپ飬ǲڶɳ֮ЩŵԼսѡһϰ


ڶһʮ ̥
κεķǿǰǼߣΨʵѹһС
ҶܹģҲ׷ġ
һ̣ɱκηսһжϣĳͷǶ˺˵Ŀͽ
ۡ
Ҷ׵ǰѪ𣬴鵤ֺͱǿ߶еѪһո˵ʱ䣬Ҷ׵ıöɵ룬˲ء
һҶ˵ѾûʲôѹڶɿҶȫڴݻľӪʮĻҵֱɱʹࡣһʱ䣬һֻĸо
Сץ㣬һҰŭÿ춼ĥԼô꾭Ӫɽկ¾ôҶһԵĸɱѾʼˡնɱ֮󣬱һ嵽Ҷ׵ǰûҶ׷Ӧһ˹ȥ
Ѿڱŭ֮УڵĵľԼ᲻Ҷ̫죬Ӷ޷Լĳ޵õʱͷšȻľôҶɱǾʡ
ǵ͹Ҷ׵ʵ
ڶһԼʱҶնɱЩСආжҲȻֹ͵һתһĶɡ
ԶɵǿƳҶҲԼֱֱ֮ۡϼγɷֱӽɵһƸ
Ҫ֪ԭȵĶɾѾǲ׶ߣڶɵȻ֮ǰɱʱС׶ߣӽ׵ĸ߶ȡƿ˵һӤô󣬿ֱһƾܹҶķɳȥ
һҶ׵϶΢˼ѣȻҶҲܵһЩƤ֮ˡȻʧ˿ںͶõѾΪˡ
ʲôСȻôǿʵ
̫ˣһҪ㵱ҳΪߵĵʯնɱоҶǿ֮󣬶ͻȻоԼȫӽˮ棬ѪҺˡⲻʵǿҶ׵ʵͻȻ֮һǿҳ
Ϊǿøӵ˷
Ҷ׺ͶɶŵʱҲǴԱ˹
룿һ۱ϳǰδ󺺵ݡ
ƺԶɵȤôߣǽĿⶢҶ׵ϡ
ɱֹİɣ
֮⣬Ҳ֮ǰŵˣ
ְɽӪկֵ췭ظǳ㣬ڵЩ΢ˣӲͣתƺʲôϵĴ㡣ʱҲǻĺˣƺҪԼѰһʺϵܻᡣ
ҲһΪļıҲ˵ֻҪܹɱҶһʤ㻹ǺܴġھͿҶ׺֮ӦôദˣڵĶҲϹۣϣԼܹƣȻ㡣
Ǻǣ˼˵㻹Ҫ𣿡
֪ⶭǷҵˣǻͷһ򲻺ͣҪҳɱֹͷͷȷҪɱֹҲжԵ𣿡Ҷ׿ŶЦ˵
Ҷ˵ЩϣܹڵƣҪԼǰʹĻǺܿܶᱻɸɱ˵Ҷ׶ҸˡϧȴôΪ
ѾˣҶײһո뱾񾳵ǿߣȻһ״̬õı۷ǿߡһһɺҶȫôõĹԶԶһ˻
һ治ɣܵĳͷҲܳܵģŻԥҶԼ֮£ʱ뻹һܵķӦ
Сӣ仰˵ʵȤ
ڶѾˣҲһëͷСӶѣô㣿뿴˿һԹװҪ˾ܵĶɣֿ˿һֱվԼǰװҰǵҶεʼ˵
˵ɱɺҶԶԶȺǺҪ̫ˣȥܾЩջġ
ֳΣҶҲˣ֮ڵǲɵ͵ìܡìҪôһҪôһӲˣìǲɵ͵ġ
żķգҶһ뵽е棬ʱҲǱ˷
Ҫ֪˶Ǳ۷壬ǰ벽ߣлǻʾ˵նɱǵľǻʾ߼ûġȻѾСɣǾ뻹ľ룬ܹ벽ɱôľ͸ˣŪһЩͿԻصʥԺ
ϧĿǰǶɺ붼ϼ޻ĶҶͬʱҪɱǾԲܵġ֣֮Ľ״̬˵ΪġҪ˴һЩìܣìܾԼ
ôңú룬֮˭棬ǾǶɣ
ʱĵ˾㣬ɱ㣬õ̶ӵĶȻݺϱɽͷ죬ɽ֮
أɱɾҪһֱܵɧţ겻ɢĲ㣬һֱˮ۹ܹбʤİɱ𣿡
෴ɱ˶ɣȻʧ󹦵ĻᣬҲɱֵ񣬵ʱһ뿪˵ûʧֶһݹͣѵⲻջ𣿡
Ҷһ˵ĶɫԽԽ˼תļ죬һӾҶ˵˼
ãģϣһɱңͻȻԼìͷ׼ɣƺҪҶˡ
Ҷ֪һתԼעķʽԼע϶ҪɱġĿǰԼռһЩƵġ
ΪܹоȻԼΪʹޣǶɱ˻롣ڶɿһˣôɱҶ׾׶ˡɲΪҶܹÿζܹԼսġ
ְɣ˵ʲôûãɻָǸɱͻȻ˶һֱΪʲôÿߵԭΪ̫صˣһܵƾͻᱻҶ׺ԼһΧɱ
෴ߣֻҵУкָܴʵʱܵҲжɽĻᡣ
˵־ͳ֣ս󵶣ָۣ׳ֱ۵ĻӶһâҲǻһնһࡣɲӲӣǷɿĺˣͬʱеҲǵâ΢ײһ£׼ˡ
ʱҶҲǴһ׷ȥĺǿǿϡ
òҶ׺ʵǱ˴˵ﶼһЩϰģ


ڶһʮ ȡ׼
վ޷һһĺ̫ҸоЦھҿǾֶܹðɣԶ˵һսӮѾҪҪܷһսнǻʡ
һɻʣǿݣ
ɺԼΪʲôҪʺĻɽҰ뵱СǾҪװѹȥʹ࣬ΪһĻߡĻǲôƴչɱ¾ǱԼľӪһСƶ
Ҷ׺һΧʱ򣬶Ҳƴĺ󳷣ԼҲŵԼĴָС
һĴָΪ֣Ϊ߼ܹڣҲĴָ󴢡һȵľҶʹõܹԼѪҺԼںһĽȾΪ˵ͻʧȥεЧһȾԴʲôʱܹ˿
ȻѺϵΪƷһЩƷɵϣֻҪܹɱһеĺôǴֿɵáҲΪʲôԸԼһ֮Ҷ׺ˡ
ͬʱҲϣҶ׺֮ϳ⣬֮ʧܣ֮
ȻǻʾУΪʤĳ롣
¸¸£С㻹ǲңҲûа취ڶ˵ʱ뿴ҶޱԼķ̬ʱҲǹЦ˵
Ц鳰Цٶȴûаڶɺ˵ʱеıҲ漴նɱȥ
ѪԨ
ৡһ֮еѪ⾹ȻЩѪۣҲǽ뵽Уγһı㡣ڶɵУֱȻûб޴Ŵ󣬵Щȥȴǿĳһ˲Щʱһʮı
ھڶɱҶײ޷ʱӦʱһâǴеı֮ϱȥ
žžž
һֱ۱ըЩѪģ˫ս˫ȴһ֮ǰ屶״̬һٶȺ̺ı֮жһµı
ˡһһһֵĽǶȺݺݵĿɵ壬ʤ
֪Լģûѡأ
ҷɣȻҶ׵ʵĸɸҪ˺ڶĵľҶײôռ˱ˣŸһҶףԼĴָó
ΪĴָһ˴ָͻֳھҶ֪дָҲǺҵġ
أ
˫ֽ͵һת˫ŸǺݺݵ档
ת˫ȴ˫֮С
뱦ĽӽҲǴǿͱıײһ
һǿݺݵײһͬʱҲһͶƴ
ܶɵʵ֮ϣ״̬ȴԶԶ룬ľɱ似Ľɵѹס
һζƴռ˱ˣҲǱɵĻɪɪһ͸ķˡѪ˳ؿڱ
ʱŷ֣ԭɵһ͵ͬʱҲһ̽ؿڵһ̣Ķ
ɣȻ˲ᣬθˣֻҪҺСһֱɧ㣬ͱˣȻô˵ѾҪҶ׻ˣɱˡ
ڶƴ֮󣬶˸Ϊأһâֱӽİ嶼УֱӽĻ׸˺¶ʺѪ⡣ͬʱһ˿֮идѪɼѾܵشˡ
ôѪû룬ҲȻ·һǴ˿̵Ķɵ״̬ȴ֮ǰҪɡҶٴֳѪȥʱ򣬶еҲƶĲݺݵ˦˳ȥ
ءһһŶǰƣͬһ䳤ֱۻȭݺݵҶѾԾе塣
ɢ
һʹã徹Ȼʱڶе֮ϡšһ죬徹Ȼһʼת£ֱƵɵ֮ϡ
һҶ׵ޱֱ˳Ŷɵһ˳ͬʱеѪҲնɵͷ
ˣҶ׾Ȼʩչ˹Ҳǰһ׼ȵҶ׽նɱ֮Ҷױֽɱ
Ϊ˷ֹҶ׳ûѣҲҶ׿ʼռƵʱ򣬳Ŷɿٱܹȥ
ԹߵĽǶҶ׺֮һμΪϡǶôܾô׾ͷ
Ҷ׾ȻԼ֮϶Ҳǳ߸˹͵ĺһ漴¶һаЦݡ
ͬʱ˫ƽ͵תԭݷϵķʼѸչȻ֮ǰչ˲һࡣ
ҶƾԤѾ֪ôһչʱ͵׹˸ա
ڣһһ
·ˣ
ҶҲһЩʧֱӽϵ״͸ʧһ
СݺңΪҶ׻ὫɱǽȴԶԶԤϣڶɾȻû飬ҶԼٴλƴЩջ𣬵Щ޼¡
ɣû뵽㻹ôֶΣҲѾûʱˣھսپɱˣٴǸСɣ֪ôҶмȥƾҶͶжͶɶпܱ
Ͷ֮սȴܹ׼óˣ
УΪؼʱ̣еıȻųһƬɫĹâЩâıǣԽԽɫĹܷȥܿЩֿʼһ𣬱һ׽ɫףһɫһ˫ɫ۾ֱӸϡ
һ̵뾹ȻսתӲӣޱȡ
ɣһȫʱ޾ɱ¾ͷ֮Ҳγһ׺ݵǾǳɣ˳ֳҶס
ԣһҲһЩظҶףҪɱֱ֮ӷֽԱߵҶ׽˵һ˫ˣ
ɿԼǰһɫս֮󣬱֪Ѿȫ֡
ͬʱҲǲµ϶һ˿ԸҶףһ̶ҲǽԼȫʹóҪһֵҪװɱӣҶһսԤҪ


ڶһʮ 󱬷
װʵҲһ
Ƕһᡣ
ʮɽĵУȻҲкܶԻͣڷǰȴһһ۵ȻŷѪһҪȴûŷѪֵɽһֱţֺ÷ȡǵΡ
ΪʲôȡԴӶǻʵľǻʾΪٱҲܹһɳģοԼܣұȷҵЩҪǿܶࡣ
ڵ˵װװһܹôأ
ɣһ̶ȫԼееĽɫݺݵײһɲ֮˵սһǰδеĳ̶ȡ
˲䣬˵ͷһҧһǻãݡ
ľᣬһɫҲǳ˼սġ
ʱۡһɫоȻƫ˶ɣֱӽ˺һȱڣɳȥѪӶɵӿһһٵڵϣ²ʡˣ
ɱԼˣеĽɫ͵ĸı䷽ֱӳŴһɱҶϱ㿳˹ȥ
붭һеĴָҲĻִָ޷˷ֵġ
ҶȻ֪ɺܾˣû뵽ǣɻôͱɱھʣܾ֮˵Ľˡ
նѾѾǿ֮ĩҶ׸ûаɫеѪ͵ȥ˫ֺݺݵһݣ֮侹ȻĦâĶƴջǺɫĵâֱѹɫâֱӽɳȥ
ţΪԼܹ׽ǰСɵǿɱõĽȷʵԷˡ΢΢֪ԼЩСҶˡԷܹôͽ񾳿Ҳһɶõš
룬ⶭѾˣ֮ûбҪô˰ɣѾڵû˺Ҷ΢Щ뿪˼ѯʵ
Сӣĵ߾ߣΪʲô뿴ԼѾʧȥֵĺ飬ɫһʱ
˵ãʵһʼҪɱȡ֮һһû뵽ѾûйϵˣҲҪģҶʮ̹Ȼ˵
УҶ׵ĿһԭѾûһĶɾȻһЩͻȻоѾĿ궢ϡϧȴûа
ѵһɱѻ᣿ҶڵʵҲǷǳǿҺκһ۷ǿ߶ƴѷɫͬʱûôˡԼҲҪ¡
ҪС˵Ȥ
ǲףʲôܹ֧ҵǰһǺ氡Դ˵
ҲûʲôҪֻʱ⣬Ҿ֪֪һ벽ǻʺһս񾳵ǿ֮Ĳɣ֮ԳٳٲҶ׶ƴҪΪͶ֮Ļƴʧȥ̫Щηηš
ҶױֳʵҲһЩηġҪԼָһȻֻǼʮʱ䣬ȴ״̬ٴһµĸ߶ȡ
СϵˣȥɣоԼѾһЩ֮һֱʺҶһӽԼԭͷǳ¶ΪǵΪҶҪѰܵĻᣬԼɱ⡣©ĵط
ƽʱܷļȷʵܴ󣬶ɵĽҶɱ
ڵԲͬǾǶûıɱҶ׺֮ǰʵĺϵ𣬱Ҷ׸Ļָȡʱˡ
Ҷ˶ɵʵɱ롣ҪץסᣬԼĿɳܾ˵Ĺؼʱٳһɱ롣˵ǶôɽϵһΪյĹˡ
ϧЩҶǰȫΪӰ֪ĹƱҶ׿Щ뷨ҲҶ׿͸ԭжɺҶܾ˵ȴѾٴƫҶס
ֻת֮ǰҶ׻Ҫ⿴ȴЩǿȫһġ
У
ò˵ѩ۹ܹǲؼһȥѧϰҲǿԻĹޱܵ˼һǽȥע󲿷ֵ
һһԹۿĶҲһ˷ܣѾʼӵ΢̧ͷʼѵĵҩŵԼ濪ʼʳˡҪľٶȻָ˿ڣҶ׺ܾ˵ʱֱӽɱͬʱҶס
ʱٽϵĴָ°ߣֻҪһЩʱ䣬ܹߣٴ֯бǿǸʱͲǷҵһˣҲǿԿٴԼˡ
´ϽɫףֳֻƽʥʱҶҲǽԼɱʹó
ȻǳҶ׻Ὣʹóһ̻Ƿˡ
Ҫ֪ӵлģһһʹóҶȫҪһ⣬Ҳʱʧ
ԣҶһһʹó൱ڸԼһ·Ҳƾһնɱ˲ԼУȴǲ˵С
ҶҪĺˡ
̡
ڻҶʩչʱ޾ҶСһö鵤ֱӱ˳ͬһȵĺһ䵽ȫ
ͬʱĲҲҶ׵ΧγһɹɼΪǿҵЩǳͣͬһͷѾѹԶžޡ
֮䣬һѪɫ޴һһӱҶ׵ϡͬʱһ˯õѪٴѹ
һѪ״̬ãȻһѪӰѪ֮зת
Щ𺳵ĻҶǿһеơ
˵Ͻɫƽս׵ͬһսʥ䡣ôڵҶ׼ֱһɱ񣬷·̧֮ɱһиնе˵ĺ·ͷ­ΪǧΪ֮ɫ
һʱԭĶҲǱҶվˡԼӦü˵ҩֱĿҶס
ڴҶΪǿƵһڴҶܹǸαӣС˳ɱ
ΪڴʱȴļΪУֻһʱ䣬ȴһô˼ά뷨һ˲𺳸׶ˡ


ڶһʮ ͻ
Ƕ˵ȴⱲΪһҲߵͷܲĥĳ衣
𡱵һѪХ֮
һҶѪɫĵâҲǿıͬĵĺˮһһϸĻһɫѪһѪɫĵâֱǽɫսס
ͬʱеĽɫâҲҶеѪɫâݺݵײһɱмҵĶƴǿһγɺɫֱӽ洩͸һĿӶ
˵ֻһζƴҶѾʤˣԭʤ˲侪ֵ˼㡣һѾκαǽԼеȫ뵽ԼĽɫС
ϧǣжЩٻˡ
ûһѪѾԱ˹
գ֮䣬һѪֱҧͷ­
ѪһԴΪѪʧȥ˿Ҳ׹䵽˵ϡ
Ҷ˲Ҳʧȥ֧ţʼƴĹڵϴϢ
ıȴʮֵķɣƺǳܸղһս쳩սо
ͬʱɱ¼ҲǿʼҶ׸ղǿһͷųǿɱԼ֮䷢ʲô仯
ʵ֪ǣղҶײû뽫ʹóҪնԼȡһЩʱ䡣
ǲ֪Ϊʲôɱ¼֮оȻһǿҵɱһɱҶ׾ȻſһУԼͶ뵽ԼǿУҶ׾ȻԼƵı
ʱһԵȴʱĶҲǴſϲǰһѽָ֮ϵĴָȡŴļƷҩǰ
ྻ
ŵĵҩǼƷҩЩ֮϶ѻͨԱȽϵġһӶɵ϶ʱ¶ϲı顣
û뵽Ҷþõָ֮󣬺ԥĴӴָȡһƿҩҪȥ
Ǿʱٴη
ಡһһ˳ǹƿնֱӴɵǰءȫϲõжûзĻһǹֱӾܹഩ͸һĲܹˡ
ɽô꣬϶Լϡһ˳ǹҪʱҲǽԼ͵һתҲǺݺݵѹȥ
Ǽˣһ˳ǹǴ֮ϺݺݵĲ˹ȥһѪɫۼ
˭ǰ볤мƵıδ󺺣Ҳ΢΢һʵ
ɿĳδȻûʵôǿҲһ۷ǿߡֻ΢ϢУܹоδӦǸոս۷岻õӡ
ɱҴ磬㻹˭Ȼһ˳ǹ̿գδ󺺻͵һٴνǹԼ˫ֵС
һδ󺺵ĻɶʱҲ΢΢һ㶱㷴Ӧ
˵һ׵ܵܽʵҲǺǿֵܺٷֿĺԮӰɡ
û뵽ܾܵðȤ
ѵҪԼĸʬ𣿻Ҫһ𹲸ȪأѾԼһߣЦ˵
ɣ㻹ǲײĲᰡ
˰շΧϣ˭ҷһɸɱۣڶһ£ʮǿߴոոĴ˳һӽҶ׺ͶɶΧס˵ҶףҲûκ·ˣ
СӣҪΪװҾͻŹ㣡
ղһƴҿ㽫ҴɱҪȥ崦ǻ춼ҪҴ˼Ȼ϶ʮں˵ȻʮֵĮƺֻϵĴѡ
㶭ɣȻҴ粻ɱģֻҪһͷ­ܹʱͷ­ˣȻҶѾıǩⶭɵ³Ҷ׻Ҫҡ
˵ţһֱΧŶɵļʿͷĿʼɾ£ˡ
ΪҶɻЩͨĻɫСˣ߰˸ǿ߽ΧҪȡͷʱ򣬶ͻȻֱһһǿ߾ҪͻǵİΧȦ֮زز
ϧոսʿͷĿɱǰ
ò˵ٶȱڵĶɿ˲ֹһգ۵Ĺ㽫ɵȥ·ס
ֱ۵Ļ裬һ޴ͬɰһİƱݺݵ˦˶ɵϣԭЩεӴͬͷһӷ
ɣ˵һ۲۵ĺӣɽ֮еߣ̶£־壬ҾҪͷɱ趼ʶ㣡˵꣬ɵǰһҪ߷ɳȥ
ɣһˣʮǰڷһΣһȥŽ㣬ֻΪ΢㱻㱩һ٣ظֱӱɹʮ죬ҳ޾ĳ裬һžԭģ˵꣬һ˶ɵ֮ϣֱӽ߳ŨŨĶ
ɣһ͸ÿ궼ʧٲ˲ٸǿߣִһᵽҲɪɪƺ㲻ٵĥ˵꣬һţߵǶɵĶӡһӶɵĳӶ˳
֨֨һٱ֮󣬶ѾһϢһοɲװģֻʣ³û˽ˡ
ʱʼҶˡ
Сӣг𣬶ɱҴ磬˵Ӧø㣡
ϧ֪ΪʲôﻹһЩл㣬֪Ϊʲô𣿡
ҿԸ㣡
ΪҲҴ磬ֻˣڼ嵱вȡʱ򣡡
ȻĻҿһӶֻܹǴĿܣƷ˵ҵӹ𣿡˵ţʼ߽ҶסһץҶ׵ԴЩݵЦ
ı黹ǱȽºͣǵҶͬ˵ʱԭº͵ıʱһɱ̬
žһֱӽҶ׵ˤڵϣԭݺݵײһһѪҲǴҶ׵Ŀ˳
ôڱɱҴ磬˵ұ𣿡
ɣԭҴҼʱԮأȴƫƫһЩĿɱ
ܹľǰɱҴִȥһʱôðɣҼ屾һεҲûʲôȤһִϳҪҴıԽСԽǿƺκ˽й¶ȥ
ٴҶס
СӣΪ˷ֹͻȻߣΪѵ۶˫˫Űɣ


ڶһʮ ȥʺ
ΪɾɣҶҵһ֡ҵ߹Ĵ£ܹô˳ɱҶңҶɱһաȻıĳ̶ֳµıҪ
Ҷ׶˵Ƿǳޣ޲ܽɵƤɱĥҶﵽһЩ
ŻˮӶ˫֮Ҷ׾Ȼһֶ񺮣Ϊֵ
Ȼ߾ӦһЩЩʱʼ˵ˡҪöԴɵķʽԼԴԼҶһѪץסͷʱ¶ı顣
ȻҪ۶ֽţŭˣ
Ҷֱ飬ô֪ܲҶʲôʱıڵҶкβͬأ
Сӣûв´ӦþϿṫͷҶװɣ
ò˵㻹һЩʱģϧѡ˿Ķ󣬶һҲǷѩ۹ȥ͹ԹԸһعɣ˵ţҪץסҶ׵ֱ۽֮۶ϡ
ûпҶ׵ʱ򣬱оΧЩɱԼۼ͵һתͿʮĸɱˢˢվ
ôɱֶϣҲǾúһЩ
ҶףɣˣϧǵʵɱңᱻһɲзϣôҲ㿴Լ׽ô𣿡һץסҶ׵ͷֽӵק
һֻץҶ׵ͷԼǰЩɱֶʱЦҺǵĵҲҪ֣һɱҰɣܹɱңҲ๼ĻСҪֶϽ
˵껰ôɱֹɱǳƣ
ûаɱֹֵǣΪϴ󣬻Ϊǽеϣɱ鷼Ҷ׵ĸһȥ
ϧٶȱ߳˵˲ֹһոߣͱһȭĸû鷼ӦֻҪֱ㽫ĲӺݺסֱӰڵϡһ֮£鷼󱳵ļ׵Ǳ㱻ȶϣһӾҲֻǲзϡ
ƴˣͷû뵽ɱֹĵһɱֱʦҲųȥ
ŵһذףһ˫ذ߻һӡ΢΢һ˹ȥͷеһ˫ذٴγԱߴ˹ȥһ˫ذ׻ûп壬һű˳ȥ
ۿһžҪͷ塣ʱɱֹļ鵤һӳ˹ֱǽ㽫ͷһŸ
顭鵤ֱ߷ɳȥˤڵϻԲѡ
ʱͷٴҵȥͬʱɱֹɱֶһ
ϧ׼һɫâ˸ֱӽЩɱֶɳȥЩɱָոؾͱΧ鵤ֺͱǿ߸Ʒһɱֹȫû
ʵɱֹ˵ʵҲ㲻֮ǰһսУȷʵǲٵսĻٻܹٶһġ
ЩСආ֮ƺ΢ҵһЩ̬ĿУһѽҶڵϣƺҶ״˿̾Ʒˡ
磬û뵽㾹ȻᱻһɱûãҵǰҪҪҸ㱨أ˵ţ㽫Ҷ׵קʬԱߡ
ʱûз֣Ҷ׵ϾȻһ˿Цݡͬʱ֮ٴζһЩ֮
˺ⶼһѪɫʼ뵽Ҷ׵ƵеУ뵽档ʱʬǰ治ͣķйԼ⼸ʮ۵Թ
ԹйϣоԼҲˣԽЩɱֳ׽ˡ
ɱֹһǵԴͳͳҿ͵һ𣬱ҪҶ׵ߣص鵱пôһץ˿
ʲôôһץͻȻһ亹ٿΧԭɱֹɱֵĲʮӼ鵤ֺͱǿȫһ˿ͷ­ѪֱڵϣĲܹˣ
ôܣ㲻ʧȥս𣿡Ҷ׾ȻԼߣٴνԼɱֹЩбۼһ𣬶ʱҲЩľ
Ǻǣʧȥսˣ˭ģдѪ֮֮Ҷ״̬Ȼûдﵽ۷壬ȴҲǻָ˲١ͬʱ֮ǰɱѪҲں
ϲˣ֮ǰһսʵԼǿɱȫԼ嵱еͷţһξĻɱѾɹɱѪ
֮еɱѪѾںϣһսڼ֮ɹɱʮԼ߲ܹͬһ˳ʹáһʹ֮ǰɱ˫ԼͬȾߣ
˻ɱ¼֮ϵһ֣ҶҲǵһȻһǳǿͬҪҲǷǳϸġ
Ȼ˿ǰֲҲֻһţָֻ֮ǰ״̬
ʵֻһЩѣҵʱ̲أҶ׽ߵ⼸ص¼ֱ׳˵
Ҷ׵ĻʱЦ
Сӣò˵˵ЩʵһϧЩƭƭУǰͲҪװˣҶܹ֪ĴߣʵһҲΪûоҶ׾ȻߡҲһ
ѾȻٳֵͼĴһԭƵʱޱȵҶ֮ǰôصˣԼɱ練Ƶ顣
ԼЩ鵤ͱǿЩϧˣȻҪĥҶ׵Ļᡣ
㲻³ȶɻҪңôøʵʵĹģүܹ㰲ȸһص壬ĻҲҪԾʺ򣬳ܷ˵Ĵ˵⿴˿һƺѾȥĶɣЦ˵
ҲԸأҶ׿˿ߵЩ£ǵҶ׿һľȻɱֹʷΪŽʱ̣ҲǴʱ䡣
Ȼܹ˳ȹһأ˵ɱֹỹչ
㲻Ը⣬ôͿЩһɣȫϣβд󣬵һͷҶףʮǿߺʮ鵤ҲһӵϣʿǶൽϰ١
ôɱҶҲǺԥĳȻôҾҪȥʺ


ڶһʮ ɱѪ
ãȥʺҶ׵ЩɱһǱˣȻѾǿ֮ĩҶ˽ĻЩɱһٴαö־
ɱ쵰ɱ֪˭һ鵤ɱֳȥȻһȥͱľֱŰıˣĴȴǼɱֹɱֵļ룬˿ҶҲٴɱһ
ءõһ˳ǹ׶ߣǹ߲ࡣһ˳ǹͬβ
һǹ̳ǹ֮ϾȻתĻ⡣ǹת䣬һ⻯һƬĺݺݵҶ׵塣
˵һǹھϣռıˡһֱѹҶ״򣬿Ҷ׻Ҷûޡ
Ҷ΢΢һתеѪ볤ǹһ𡣽Ҷֱõ滤סԼ壬岻ͣתʼ𻨲ͣĲһɹǿҵҲǴҶӹȥ

һӣһ˳žȻ˳еĳǹҲǽ뵽档Ȼĳ˵ûʲôʧȴ΢΢һҲǲͣĺˡû뵽ҶͨǹȻܹ
־ҶϵļҲʧֲȫʧȻָоʮֵĶأȴǲԸڽӽҶˡ
Ҷףû뵽㵽ʱܹսҾǰһɱɣҶѾ𽥿Լеĳ͵ķֳΣ˫̡
ৡһӣٶȱ֮ǰһࡣҶײ뾡취ʱ˫趯һ˫ҲǻǹâֳҶ׵С
طּңһҶ׵ĸǰһҲһֻϴ
̸֮ǰԼʵ˵컨׹ǱϾʵûôǿҶܹɱ磬ɱļҲˡ
ǿƽҶȻҲ㹻м֮Խǽ֣ô˾Խ뾡콫ˡ
ʱǲʹˣֻܹ֮ڼɱѪӲƴˣ뵽ҶױЦ
֮ǰҲͰˣ㲻ңҵֵܣǱˣ
ɱѪҼɣܶɱѪ²⣬ҶȴܹоɱѪӦɱ¼еļƷû⣬Ǳˡ
ǵɱѪ֮漣ûзΪԼĳɱһǹزֱ˺һѪɫۼ˫˫̵İڶҶ׵ֱӱ˫ķɳȥ
顱һҶ׵ݺݵˤڵϣԶЩˣ
ԣɱѪ϶ûбѵҶһɱֹỹĴ󲿷ɱ֣вһʮִ󵨵ļ衣
ȻʮֵĴ󵨣ҶʮԼĲ²ǶԵġ
ɱһҶױ˫ǹķɣȴûиԼͣٵĻᡣһһǿߵߡһƴǿߵֱӱҶ飬˿ҲǴӺ׷Ҷס
¸¸£С̫޴ˣΪսһȥĶ֣ûаҷΪҶ׸ϷˣһߺսҪһոЩǿߵǰ
һʱĳޡ
ٴ˫˲ͱøӵˡ
ৡʮգ֮㽫Ҷ׸ֽȥҶ͵һת֣һâնȥѪɫĵâǿǹâֵַȥ
һնɱĸı£ǱٴαƵһ֮ϡ
ɽӣһ˳ǹлһٶٴӡһҲڰ֮лһתѾ޿ɶҶס
Ҷ׻ûиоԼ֮ɱѪļ
ѵһμɱѪҪɱʮ񾳵ǿ𣿿Լǲ˲ٰͻȻ֮Ҷһָ߿ԼĴ
ͷҲֻһܿͱеɱȡ
ɱصɱ谭ǰĶ֣һ̣ɱ¼֮ͷųһɺɫĲٴνҶ׵ɱ
һתһ
ɱ֮ɱ񾻻
ն
ȫһ
һҶ͵ͣסŲһֻŵһֻžȻ˦Ҳһǿųеһ˳ǹէһҶ׾ͺԼеĳǹ֮ϳײһ
Ǿ볤ǹֻвһ׼ʱҶ׵͵һת˫յѪ漴֡
𡱵һһѪѪ֮Ϸ׺ݵͬʱѪһö鱻ŽԼС
Ҫ֪񾳵һּƷҩҶȻѾ񾳣ľ绹ʮֵĲȶһö֮֮еȻٴɵҲǳ뵽ˡ
һеĳǹһҲǴҶеѪ֮ϡ
̡ĳǹͣҶеѪ֮תγɴƬһǹâҶ׵ҲǱ˽ȥҶ׻ƾżƴҪжԳǹ֮ϵǿ
ͬʱͷһһϸҲǺ֮
ɱۣ֮
Ҷ׶ͷһֻ۾ֱת塣ɱ̫֮ĸϣǲˡ
ͻȻ֮뵽һȻʮֵĹ죬ҲϰĴڡ
ֻҪܹõõڵΣܹӴ
ž
Ҷ׻ƴֵʱгǹ֮ϵǹâѾԽԽʢѾҶƵ·֮ˡ
ʱҶٺ˵ĻϵѪⶼᱻʳƬġ
ѾǸԼʤһľˣ
¸¸£СӣҸһǹֽ޾ɱǿʵҲܶҵĻɱ͵ɣ
ҲܹҪţһҶֶϽţԾҶʧһЩ£ҲҪ£úһϷŸղŻڵҶףԼ֮еıƽ˼·Ҳ¶һּȱ̬ЦݣɥĲĺ
ұ󣡡ʱеĳǹȻһһǹâ֧ǹıǿ̽Ҷ׵嵱С
ۡһӣҶ׵ؿھȻһѪҶյѪ۶ɵܣҲܵ˼ǣʵС롭


ڶһʮ Ѫ
ҷɣһǹҶ׵гǹٴκݺݵֱӽҶ׵塣
ɽӣ
һֱǽ֮п񱩵ȫͻȻһǹѾʵļޡ
㻻һԼͬȾı۷ǿԼǹҲοֻһոս񾳵СӡԼһǹҲ־ڱصã
ˡһһ첲ʱ޴׳嶼ˡ
֮ŵĳǹȡеһӶһ׶೤״ϸĳǹ֮ϡ
ڵһ˳ǹѾܹ֮Ϊǹ˵һްҲǲΪ
ɣǹɾްݺݵҶ׵壬գܹ֮ĩҶȴûзֿҪ
ֻͽ֮٣ȥɣҶ׻ҪͽõĹеĳǹٶȾ͸ӵˡ
ۡһҶ׵屻еĳǹֱӴƬ
š顱һеĳǹҲǺݺݵ˵֮ϣֱӽҳһĿӶ
ȴûгڴѾõĵЦݣΪĳøӵ
ȻҶ׵ȷʵǱƬĸоǱǹ޴ģҶ߽ӡ
ĹҶѾһһնɱĸǿߡ
ʲôʲôʱģҶؿһ޴˰̣ȻһЩϵİοԼ»һ֮ʱޱ
òϣȻҶ׵ǻᱻԼɱжֱǳĴԼһ۷ǿߣȻһոս񾳵СӶԿƲסԻصлˣ
ҶףСҷǰ˲ɣԼһҲһӰгǹ䣬ۡһĳǹֱӽ鷼
һǹõʮֵľ׼˵ȲὫ鷼ɱҲ޾ʹࡣ
ĳǹ΢΢ζ鷼Ȼһ˺ѷεĲҽСǹһ˦鷼Ҷס
˿Ҷײòȥ鷼壬ȻҲǳûˡ
ɣҶû뵽ȻôĵֶΡҲܹоԼѾһʼΪǵƵʲôķ񾳵ˡ
ۣҶֱӹ鷼ʱеѪǽһǿߵʱѾٴҶ׵ǰ
Ҷףӻҵ͹㣬ɱô£ܵ˾޴ʧһں޵ֱӽֽ۶ϣСڣ
һǹɣûг׷񣬵ѾʧصıԵһǹֻȻԼµİ΢ֱӴҶ׵塣
ˡһֱ֮ǿע룬һ˳ǹٴηɿתһͬһǹâǿĽɱ֮Ҷ׵塣һĿ껹Ҷе鷼ֻҪ鷼ɱҲǸҶһ˺
ɵڿ˵ɱңǹԶ׼ҵ£ѵôɣҪһ˵ѹ𣿡Ҷ׸оıֱ鷼һֻƴļеĳǹײһ
ʱ鷼Ҳڴ֮۾
ͷ죬û뵽֮ҲǣΪ޺ޣҾϣܹɱֵǱ𣬶ǵǳĥֻҪ㾡콫ɱǻлָʱ䳤ˣҲǻ췦ˣ˵꣬鷼ȥҲ˲͵һĳ̶ȡ
鷼鷼ĻҶԭЩҡ뷨˲ʧӰ١ʱɱ¼֮ٴγһѪɫֱӽ뵽Ҷ׵档
Ҷеɱٴα
һǿ߾Ϳ˳ɱѪҲܹٵˣһʹǬתƣǶʹóɹʼ͵ָˡֻܹʤԼЩȡһˡ
ɱۣ֮ɱ֮ɱ񾻻
Ҷͬʱʹóľ˲ͼеһǰδеĳ̶ȣͬʱٶȺҲǵõǿһöڶ˵ĸҲǺ֮Ҷһ˲ķӦٶȼﵽ¡
ĳǹҲǴѾͻƹˡ
鷼ϣܹͬ˵һлĻᣡеĳǹҶҲû˿ĻţͺһҪĳǹһѡ
һĽ鷼˳ȥڲԶ΢һ࣬ĳǹԼؿںݺݵĲ˹ȥ
ۡһһ˳ǹҶǰ߹Ǵ̴ֱӲҶ׵㴩˹ȥ
һ˳ǹҪҶʱҶ׵ྐྵȻ͵һ˹ȥҶ˫սѪݺݵ볤ǹײҲǵɳȥ㵽һȻɱһǿߡ
ۡһҶΪܵشû̫ǽʩϵԼеѪ͸һǿߵ塣ǿߵһ޴ѪҶɱʮǿߣԤɱѪĹ̡
һɱ¼ûиʲôǿĻӦѾǰ
ӣҷ𣡡ҶܵشоȻ׺ݵɫҶ׵ǰһ죬һӰݺݵ˦Ҷ׵塣
顱һҶױֱ߷ɳȥҶ׻ǿİʽڵϣѪĿУǰʳؿڵɭɭ׹ҲѾɼˡ
ҶǱӣʱЦӣұһʱ䣬ûбҪˣһҪҸղŵĳŵʺ
ˣʺҪҶ׳ʺսϱʬ壬Ѫɺӵľ˫֮мѾûһ˿һĸ顣ڶ˵еȫֻǶҶ׵ջͷŭ
ջƾһλɱɺɱͷµĹõڼеĵλͻȻðҶ׾Ȼ뷨顣»ص嵱лܵΪĳͷ
ⲻԸ⿴ģҪЩŭȫʩҶ׵ϣҪҶһеʹͲ
ҶףҳʺڲʺҪԸ˵ţҶ׵ĸǰһץҶ׵ҪקʺǰҪǿиҶιȥ
ⲻ֪Ҷɱʮɱ֮֮еҲѾʼѡ


ڶһʮ ҺҵĹϵ
һʼʱҶֻǸоԼͷЩΣѪȻʼ˳ͷԽ뵽ȫѪ֮лһЩ̵ĸо
Ѫɫĳ֮£ԭʧѪҺȻʼĻָܵһɹѪҲǿʼ㼯
ǰȻһƬѪ죬ͺԼѾһƬѪУи֪ǱѪǡ
ѵˣôôѪһ̾Ҳǳ׸ԺУֻʣҶԼ
Ҷ׻ãȻʱͻȻôһɲǣѪ䣬һѪɫĵâֱӽǰѪֿһѪɫӰǰѪɫӰŵǱ顣
ɱѪϣϧȣ󲿷ѾɱһѪʵѵãھѪ꽫ɱѪɣ
ҪмɱѪһ֣мѪ˶ҪѪɫӰ˵ָֻһ㣬Ҷ׵пڻҶ׵൱С
顱һӣҶ׸оԼҪըһ޾ѪҲǴ˫֮бһ˲ȫʼͣĲ
ͬʱҲһǰ
Ҷ׾ȻȫʱҲЦһ㽯Ҷ޵û⣬һҶ׽ᱻǴ֮С
ǾҶ׵ǰʱͻȻоһɻȵĶֱ֮ϴһЩζıǿס
תһԼһֻѾȫѪģӡҶ׺󱳾ȻſһŴѾƳԵʼʳֱˣ
ʲôһоȫһ񺮣ݺݵĽҶ׵ˤڵϡ
Ҷױݺݵˤڵ֮ϣѹѾҶ׳׳˸ɾˡ
ҶףѵˣҶͨѹЩµ˵
Ļ䣬Ҷױͬһһϯȥ֮е鵤ͱǿ߶Ǳһ
ٸ֮ڣڳ˳ҶףֻʣЩȥɱˡ
ۿҶɱһеȻûܣƺôǿħסˣҶ׳ǰʱһЩӦӦǱҶһ̽ؿڵʱſ죬¶һŵı顣
һ֮䣬ոջѹҶ׵ȻôˡǿʵѾﵽ벽ǻʵĶҲǡǡҶʮɵһУڶɵһжһ
ȻΣվҪԵġ
ڻ֮䣬Ҷǻߵɵĸǰ
Ҷһ·նɱ˿ûй˼ɵӣƺ뵽ʲôʱǺǵЦ˳Ҷףһȥķ𣿡
ԣӦ֮еѪûоѣǳޣ㿪ԶѪ
ò˵ɵĺʵҳһڶ˵ɣܹʲôƺ֪ԼɣǿҶһ·նɱʵһڶҲǼΪˬ˵
ѹҺͷҵң⣬һһԸȥҶƺɱ壬˿̵Įûа¶ǶҲҶЩʲô
ãҴӦˣҶѾܹ˷ҵЩӶҵĲƽĴȫ˵Ҷ׵ĻɶʱЦ˵
ʵԭҵˣȴΪҺͷҺԭɽȴ֪ҺҶΪһӿֲص֯£רѰһһЩϡŹֵĶ߱
ͻȻһ죬ҳң˵ңȥһСҵ㶫һһѪɫˮ򣬻һһŵͼ
ǻҵõͰȥ˼ԵףҾȥȡϵһٽҶɱġ˵ɺֻ˵һΪƽ顣
һҺƽһŴĵһֱţǲųҶҿɱһͨСǴͷϧǵʲôûҵ
˵ʵʱҲʮ֣ΪʲôҺͷôǿļᵽһƫԶɽѰôһͨ壬ǵĶ
ҶұҲΪôû뵽ҾȻҾ;ûҵҪĶ˵ûУǳˡ
ұһӳͷɽҾ֮ǰĶҲҪཻȥһֲҵʧҲΪ⳥ҵūӴԺҺûκιϵȴѣҲΪ²ɽ
ʱ뿪ɽһҵҾܾġ
ȻΪҶԷҵ͸ˣҿʼŷѪңһŷѪҷһ˵飡
ǾǷѩ۹ķҺͷ糾۹ҾȻǳ֮ͬһԶѪ
֪ǲΪ˷ܣΪ־壬˵仰ʱ򣬶Ѿ̲סٴһѪˡ
ұĲ㣬ֻϣܹɱ˷ҵﳤϣɽկԿףƵĴָ˵ţɽеıﶼ˳㳹ˣ
ɣҲ๼ˣŶޱҵҶ΢ҡҡͷԼĳĨ
˵˵ȥҶҲûʲôޣҲֻǳ䵱һֵݶѡ
ФɣѶɵʬˣʬ壬һѻ˰ɣ뿪ɵʬ壬Ҷ׿ʼɱֹѾȳ˯Ž˴ָСһûзԡ
һ֮Ҷױ㽫ФԼ£һ˳ԭ·ء
ʵѺŵһȻָĻֵǮҲǼֵڳҶһѻˣʵФһʹҶ׵Ļˣûа˽Ҷô֪뷨أ
Ф޷˵ˣķǳףҲҶ׶ֶһ㡣
һҵĴ𣿡ѾߵĺԶҶ׻ͷһƬѾյĻɭ֣ﻹ̲סֹ
ܿ죬Ҷױʮľص˲ݵĵҵС滹һרŴŵҩĿⷿڿⷿʮڴףװŨŨҺҩЩɱרΪԼܵʱ׼鵤ҩ
Ҷûаԥı㽫ʮľ˽ȥҲǽ뵽һڴ뵽һ˯ߵ״̬
ʮȥˣҶײǻ۾ҺĴѹɱֹɱȴȻڻԵСȻǻûѣȴûдˡ


ڶٶʮ ֵ
ˣϵ˿ҲΪһڴ׵ҩָ߰˰ˣԭװŨҺҩһڴҺ˿ҲѾޱ峺ͨҩˮѾûʲôˡ
ʱҶײФûҲѾӦǻصǼҿջС
һȥɣʱصʥԺҲѧϰһЩһ뵽Լʵǿ֮ԷʥԺҶ׶ʥԺһжʱ֮顣
뿪ݣҶױ㿴СﵽȺˣһЩרͽ˺Ӷ֮ƺ̸ʲô顣
ʲô飬һֱûгҶ׵ԺУֻܹߵЩ˵ĸǰȥ۵顣
ЩƺԼ̸۵Ļ˿ܻ䣬ҶߵǵĽǰȻֳһֵӡ
˵һ뺮ˮ۹Ľ紦ʧ٣˻ǶɳֽһٳģҶ߽ʱһδ󺺹ȵ˵
¸£ׯ㲻ҪŪˣѾǵڶʮһκͱô˵ˣʵ϶ǶɸߵģȻ⸽ʲôɽڱδ󺺵ߣһİСƲƲ첻Ϊ˵
ӻ飬ҲʮöѰˡ
Ҷ׻ЩӶͽ̸֮ʱе뷨Ҳĸı䡣
û뵽Һͻ廹ǲͣĻôȥŪĶȻҶôģҲѡϾǷѩ۹֮Ľ˵ڲ黹Щ̫ˡ
ЩӶͽ˲Ҷױ㳯ſջķȥ
ܿҶױ˿ջУʱФڷϽĵȴҶ׵ĳ֡
һҶ׾ͿФһžϲӡ
ϴˣҶ׳֣ФһһĴܵҶ׵ǰ
ͨĿ飬ԺܹΪұ˰ɣҶĬĿ⣬ФҲǼΪ󵨵Ĳ²
Ȼˣڵʵһ̫ԶˣȻҶײ΢ε˵
׼ʥԺһʧȥĶԸȥΪһͨѧФϴʧɫҶٴЦ˵
ģФҶ׵Ķ񻯣Ϊ˷ܵ˵
Фı飬ҶҲǵ˵ͷ㵽ʥԺһе鶼ҪдʥԺֻǸṩһѧĵطȴѧУҲûʦϽ㣬һһҪף
ţ֪ʥԺͺһȻֹѧԱ֮以ɱȴȻмҵľֻ־ѾƵ˿ſѸٳɳĳ̶ˡҶҪԼȥʥԺФҲǼΪ˷ܵ˵ĹʥԺһЩš
Ǻǣ֪ЩͺãҶֶФ˵һЩĻ뿪˿ջصݵС
ڲҶϢһ֮Ǹ֮ѾһЩɱִӳ˯֮ѹˡڿҶ׵Ϥ֮ǶҶ׵ĿҲǷ˷츲صĸı䡣
ֹһʱ䣬еɱֶӳ˯֮ѹ
ҶɱֹУ˶̬Ѿʮ֮ǰѾȻͬˡ
ͷ죬Ҫ𣿡һվ˵ͷͷΪһκƽ٣ʵȻ鵤۷壬ɱֹɱʵҲȲδɹھǱһЩ
֮⣬ԭһ̶ˮɱֹѾĺδʱıһ˵Ҷ׾ȻҪߣôܲأ
ǺǣߵĻҪߵģԵ֣
ֻҪܹԼʵδлģҶ׻Ҫڷѩ۹ģͺ֮뷨׸ıˡҪصʥԺ·չԼˣ˿Ҳغ˫ı
ʥԺǿҲΪΪҺ˳ֵ׼
ţǾͲˣǽܹиķչȫҶͷ͸ǵģֻҪҶͷԺʲôҵǣһǣһڳɱֶˢˢҶʩһǲŻصԼλϡ
Щɱֳ׳ԼĵλҶҲʮοЦЦλҲҪɥصʥԺ֮һȡһϵдѹҵĴʩʱһٻطѩ۹ϣǸʱܹṩǿ֧ԮֻǴ˿ǿҪˣ
ȻҶҲһЩᣬǷֱʱ仹ǵˡҶ㻨һʱǹͨ뿪ɱֹᡣһȥɽϳ
Ϊһɽ㳲Ҷ½뵽ɽϳʱɽѾһˡʮ˳ҵ˶ɴŲƱĵط
һⱦ⣬澹Ȼϰڵĳ𡣳֮⣬һѻСɽ鱦һѻڵϡ͵ҩûСɼΪԼΪ磬ЩҲûʲôġ
ֻһЩҶױûдߣǽЩڵλøɱֹᣬФʥԺķ򷵻ء
һʥԺһҪȷԼʥԺеĵλһ棬ҲҪ˫ɱѹҺңչԼʵӶﵽ̵ҵĿġ
Ȼ뿪ʥԺʱʮֵǱηصʥԺȴԵޱȵ硣ֻǼʱ䣬ҶױһٴλصʥԺĳ档
ɺϵǣȻٴ˰׻̻Ǻһһӭ
һҪҶ߾ʱҶֻ΢ſһ㽫һƥ׳ϵ˾ųɡһһƥ̱ڵϣҲǲͷ˹
ūţ쵽ʲôˣһͨԦãǻòͷˣоĵֵ߳˵
һͿһվԱ߿ֵꡣȻô죬һʱҲ벻˭ˡ
֪Լ˴Ͻͷϴ
귢ԱߵһЩС̯ϰϽתͷװʲôûпӡΨҶ׻վЦĿʱһڲҶ׵֮ˡ
һȽϴ˫еĲŪþҶ׸Ĺ
˿źһҶף˫ͷ˹СӣǺ찡ѵǰҴʲôˣҿɵ
У˵ûǵ㷭վʲô
Ҷ˵ʱ˫ӴԱ˳Щͷ˵磬СӰǮġ


ڶٶʮһ ֵ
ûһЦӰƽ˾ҪԩͷֵǮ˵˫ӱҶס
ɣֻҪֵܼôˣȻĻӦ֪ģ˵˫һЦҶ׵Դ
Ҫˣ˫ӵĻҶ׹װµ˵
һӿ˫ΪԼײԩͷˣϽԱ߼Ӵ˵᲻̫ˣΪĳҼҵıˣҪʮ㿴ûǮûǮɣ
˼ҵūܹһüǮҶȻһãȻӣ˫ǿЦ˵
ʲôūʵǮŪūˣŮˡרЩ಻ͯŮͯĥԼȺá
˫ڿҪҶȥūʵǱڿһӵĸо
ֵܸڿ࣬ҶȻһװɵӣǺǣλ磬ҵڻΪʲôҪǮѵΪʲôǸǮأ
Ϊһ·ˣұ޹ģһЩײˣŪڻǾδ˵ҲøҪǮ𣿡
˻Ҷ׵Ļ˫ǸоϹҲסˡֿʼˡ
Ҷ˵仰ʱ˫Ҷ׵ǰһץסҶ׵죬ʱЩ˵Сӣ㾿˭ҲҰѸղŵĻٸ˵һ飬Ųֱܹɲзϣ
˫ûץסҶ׵죬ѾҶһѽסˣɣǸղŸҪʮҲҪֻǺҪʮĳһҲǹƽô
ʮĳûиɣˣҺʥԺ˫кĹϵңٸһЩǮƣǲ׷ģȻҶס˫ȫûа㺦£һֵĸоԴҪЮҶףҪҶ׺£Ϊ˸㹻Ĵۡ
ϧ֪Ҷ׵ݣĻҲ˵Ļˡ
žһҶɿ˫ֱһƾ˫ϣһߵĸ߸ߵҶָ˫һһ⡣һߵʵһͷģ
СĲͷ𣿡˫ʱ˫ǴԱ߳һƾҶһࡣһƴķǳ׺ݣ˫ӵ嶼ԾԼȫȫһ֮ϡ
ϧΪҶʮǧûҶ׵ʱҲҶױһƺݺݵĻ˫ĳһֻ֮ϡ
šžһ˫ӵһƲƷԹֱۣҲ˲䱨ϡ
һӣֵ˲оԼߵȥˡ
㾿˭ٴοҶ׼ΪϤӣ˫죬̲סʵ
Ǻǣѵ̲ס˭
ɣҾٰҶףҶվֵܵǰΪͷ˵
Ҷףһֵ֣ܾͺһе
үǰɣǲǸ˫ȵģүôڣ˫һҶ׵֣ʱԼĵ֭ųˣһԵ˫ǿҪҶ״㼸ʮ
ӣҶҲû˼ȥͷֻÿǼţ㽫Ǵߡ˫ֵߺҶײŻĻصʥԺС
һصԼᣬҶ׾ͷᾹȻǿտҲûסˡ
˾ȥʲôطˣѵǳ⣿ȻҶ֮ǰȷʵ˲鷳ǸԶиԱȽıӦòô̵ʱ֮ڳʲô⡣ôӦþǱˡ
Ҷ߶ʱͻȻǽ֮ŵһ޴ıǩǩдһ֡
СڸԶæԵ飬һ˿ȥҵֵ̻˽ܣȥͼŸʱȥѧԺִˣǩϵһּҶ׺֪ܿڵĵط
ֻ뿪˲£Ǿ˸Եĸı䣬ȷʵһ£ҶǺܵԼűǩ֮󣬱ıԼ뷨һڴ
ҪĵһȥͼŸȻȥ˽ܣȽϷһЩ
ͼݾǵᲢԶҲƽʱкܶѧԱһЩʥԺѧ롣
ʥԺΪͨľѧȻѧȴûʦϽǣЩȫѧ֮ԻǮʥԺҪʥԺĽԼ
ƽʱЩһҲûʲô̫ĳͻƽ֮ССֻеġҶ׻ûпͼݾͼǱߴһĳ֮
Сӣѵ·۾ôײһץס·ݺݵ˵
ײԼעײҵģһѧԱҲЩջ˵
Ǳ߳ˣìΧֵҲԽԽࡣ
ͻȻһֱץסһ·ݺݵһȭȥȻһȫ鴤ȫһΡһҲʾԼʹͬʱִ˻ȥ
Ҷг֮Ͻ˹ȥʱֵһһ˵㲻֪ɣղ굱һ˫ĳԱһǽŸ꣡
Ÿ˫ˣҶһĻʱһӣ֪ܿЩˡ
ʱһ˵˵˫һֱҶףϧ¶ûнֻܹìܶ˺Ҷ׹ϵȽеļˣ׵ľѣŸ¾һܺ˰ɣ
˵꣬Ҳ뿪Ҷ׵ߡ֮ⷬȴҶף˴򶷵ĵشʱŸѾǴĲɿˡ
ȻŸʵҲȶ껹һЩһ֮ŸȻڵϲͣĿԡ
ŸѾܣ͵ŸĸЦ˵СӣҸѣ˫ǸɳԱĸԵ޹ɱ˫ǲŹǵģ
ҲżȻǲͣѰһҪһ٣ѵãǾһˣסھԵʵǰǿĹҲһֽġ˵꣬Ļ̌Ÿк
ǾʱоԼĽźʲôסһתһȻһ꽫Ҫ߳ȥԼĽĹסˡ
˭Ͳ˫㱨𣿡Ҷ׽ԼŸһŵס


ڶٶʮ ĸı
ҶףˣŸ¶˷ܵЦݡ
ʲôҶף֪Ϊʲô˲£Ϊǰƻµˣ˫ĻҪɱˡ
ɫһǸոշӦ͸оԼ徹Ȼʧȥһӵ
ҾҶףҪ˱Ҿˣαҵѣ굹ҶҲûм֡ϾﻹʥԺֿ̫»ԼԺĨڡ
Ҷ׳ŸԭЩ˼ɱʱչ˳ࡣ
Ƕɣҳģھһ˰ɣŸ֪ҶҪ˵ʲôĻ˵ûþмӸ˳һӽҶ׺ŸΧ˵Сչ̶ֳѾͨһ׵ˣ
Щ˰˾Ҫ۸ŸȻ˲̫٣񾳵ǿȺ֮г֣ڵŸҲ鵤۷ʵǰͻƵġԱܹĳҶײֵĻŸᱻĺܲҡ
žžžҶ׳֮ͻȻȺ֮߳һꡣ
һ꣬Ҷ״һЩӡ󡣾ȥƵԷʱټǿ½ĸˡٴγ˵ЩƻͰŵġ
ԣҾò˵ҶףļԺܲϷļҲһģڶѾˣҲɱ˰ɣͨĻҶƺʲôŪЩ˾Ƕټ˶Ըġ
Цʲôˣʲôطĺйϵ𣿡
˫ۼôҪҫǿѧԺ˶ŸֱѪ˫˻ڵӣҶһɼо
˵֮Ϊᷳġ
Ҷ㲻Ҫ˵ôˣ˵Щ޷Ҫ˫ƵѧԱĶ棬ϧʥԺͺһӰ̫ϵΪһ仰͸ıģ
ҽΪ˵ľѳȻɱȴԽˡ
ȰһӶʥԺĻһ뿪ͻ֮صģȻֻһ鵤۷ĸ֣˵ĻΪţվŵǿעҶ׵һһƺֻҪҶжǾͻֽ̳ҶƷ
һǶлĺˣϧˣȰ㻹ǾǰȻĻһǱģԼŸʮΧϣҶ׶ʱװεıЦ˵
ȻҶ׹Σƾ˭ܹоֳַߺ޵ı飬ƺϾҪֽԵһ١˲оһȻܶˡ
ʱһӰǰոշӦ͸оԼһݺݵӣ˲
ҴңķӦٶȻǲģǿҲһ̳ˡ
СӣҼүھҪǲе̫ˣһҶ׳ֵʱ˹һǿߴҶ׵˹ȥ˺һӱ㽫Ҷ
ǶûдʹõȭŹ򡣵һ񾳴һ¶ͷһȭҶ׵ͷһȭȻжôǿеٶȴԶԶҶ׵ϡҶ׸ոշӦǿһȭؿڡ
Ҷ׼ؿڵѪⲻͣľһγһǿǿߵһȭʱҶתȥһȡ
ǸǿҲ΢΢һ㶣û뵽ʱҶ׻ܹ˵ԼҲ˫ۻסԼ壬Ҷһȳ˳ȥ
ǿ߶Ǳ۷ʵһʼûпҶףʶһ˳֣һں濴ҪסҶ׵ĺ·Ҷ׳־Ȼ֮ߣ࣬ǿ߶Ҷ׵̬ȳ׸Ĺˡ
ȭӭֵǸ۷ǿ߲֣ٴһȭҶסһֱ֮ϾȻһâһȭͷûǹâݺݵҶ׵塣
ͬʱҶǸ۷ǿҲŻҪǰǸ۷ǿһٽҶ¡
Ҷױ۷ǿΧסŸȻżҲֻܹɵˡ
ɢҶ׶޿ɶ㣬ֱһȭ۷ǿ߶ƴһǿ߲ͬʱҶֱ֮ϳֵǺˮһʺɫ
顱һǿݺݵײһֱӼƬѪɫĹâ
䡱һҶױı۷ǿߴˣʱı۷ǿҲǴӺ͵Ϯ
ǱɣʥԺ۷ǿ߾ȻŹһСɵǿߣЩʥԺѧԱһǸ˫ˡ
Ǳȴ۷ǿ߶Ҷ׵ıȻûдﵽޣǽҶסݺݵ˦
ȣڶ۷ǿһҲޱȺݶʽƺȫûй˼ɵʥԺǶҶʹɱСҶֻһͨıǿߵĻڲֻ֮¸޷ԷѾͼıһУֱһҪˡ
ǼˣԷӰҶ׵ҪʱطҲѾˡ
ĵطһٶȼ죬һҲΪһ֮ϾȻܹγһ񱩵Щ񱩵γɷ״мǿҵ˺Чһ˱ɽȥܿͻһƬġ
ڶ۷ǿһȻûɨҶ׵壬Ҷױоȫһֱ˺ĸо
ΪһȾûб˺ƬҲҪܵ˺ʱͻȻһϤԺ
Сһû뵽㶼Ѿ˱񾳣ʵ˲Ҷ͵һϲ֪³Ժˡ
һ̲֪ʲôȻҶ׵漤˴ѪɫʱһƬѪɫʼ
ܵĽҶ׺ԥתһȭƬҶ׵ȭͷ֮ɢȥһƬѪɫӰ㽫۷ǿߵӰ
ۡһ۷ӰûҶףһƬѪɫӰѪɫӰ֮ϵճ
ɢûнҶҲ֪ѪɫӰֲ˶ã㽫ɢȥֱӽǿ߸˳ȥⱾ۷ǿһȴ˿ҲѾѪģˡ
ʲô⾿ʲôȻôȲ˵ı۷ǿ˵һߣҶ׵ηҲԽԽˣ


ڶٶʮ ˫ʥԺ
Ҷףû°ɣҶײȻܹڼл֮´˳ŸҲ¶һ޷ŵı顣
ڱϿ϶ʮֵģ鷢ԼֵϣԽԽˣܹоҶ뿪ʥԺַؿ϶˼˫
û£ǿʱܹôңǾˣŸǵ˿ѾЩϣҶײ˿ʵ
Ҳֻ⼸飬ҿ磬ٹǵֶλҵġŸҲЩµ˵
ʵ˫Ҷ׵ıѾʼˣһֱûҵҶףֻܹʼǱĿתƵҶʥԺΪ׽ϡŸڼ˵ΪңΪ˵һùĶ
ŸǱǿһԸľ˽ˡҶͻȻִѾõļƻ
ҶȻǺ֣鲻ôϣǲҪ汻ײһЩҩ֮ϵӷ״Ҳǻָ˲٣̸±ȻˣҲ֪ҶܹԸڣȻһЩҪԸǲˡ
һݻ뿪ͼݡ
뿪֮ŸһץסҶ׻ص档ֻˣŸʼ޼ɵķˡ
ǺǣʵʱҲǾ˲ĥѣÿһεľ֮ߵĸԶһȻҶҲһЩܣǶŸĺֵܣҶȻ̫࣬ǽеһŽŸʱ档
ʱ˽ҲǵõϢص档
Ҷףڻˣ˿˲٣
㲻֪㲻ڵʱ˫û鷳Ҽ˹ҰƽһЩìܣ˫׺ݵĶԸң˵˽ҲȻ˶ظ̲ס̾
⵹ҲǣǼ˵Ҷ׵ʵǿһ֮øˣԺǼֵܾͲҪ۸û˸ͷˣ˽ܵĻ뵽飬ŸҲид˵
ˣ磬絽ȥִʲôˣôһȥʮʱ䣿˽Ƕķ⣬Ÿ̲סʵ
⡭Ÿôһʣ˽ЩĿİͰ͵˵˵һ֣ͣʲô֮
磬ǲǴʲô鷳飬㲻˵˽ܺѦ׶ĹϵܣǴСһ𳤴ģֻҪѦ׶ʲô˽ܿ϶ʲôġ˽֧֧ģҶ׾һЩˡ
Ҷ׺Ÿ۾ʱ˽ЩΪ뻹̲ס˵ϴȥִеһżϵ񣡡
ʲôżϵ񣿡
ǾǼȥģѵϴ֪ʺȥ𣿡һ˽ܵĻҶ׺Ÿʱżˡ
ǺǣҲûôΣգʵΪһ߲ģ֮鵱һ۷ǿߣҲǱ񾳴ɣԴֻҪͼĴӦû£˽ܿҶ׺Ÿżץס·Ͳ㱻˳ԵˡֻܹٺٵЦ˼ԻĵеΡ
ԭϣû£֧Աǿʵ֮ŸҶҲŷ
ܵ˵Ǳ˴֮䶼ǻģ˴ӵġҶ뿪֮ǶԼСѾôˣҪͨҶײڵʱƴԼʵȻĻһϲŵѦ׶ҲμôΣյˡ
ϴڣСˣǲӦʲôϴˣ˽ƽʱڣǲò˵ƽʱĹҲġ仰ͽٴ⡣
޳ɣСЩѾʥԪ֮ڿһҼڼ濴ŵ꣬ǲȥĺá
ԺŵΪ̻רļǻҵļҲṩֵ֧ģһ˵չͼŸһ˵ˣɼʱȷʵһ
Ļ˵֮˽ҲŸӽŸĻ˵֮⣬Ҳ˲̻ĶγһսϵѾ֯һ̶ӣֻҪŪԴǵ̻ܹתˡ
ֻǡ˽˵Щµ˵
ֻ˫ƺʼǵĸ֮˫ֻ̻ܹΪ̻ᣬչˣһ뵽ЩȻȡ˲˵Σÿһ˫ѹȣֻܹ˽ҲǺѸ
ţȷʵЩ鷳õȵϴܹ⳹׽ˣ˽ܵĻŸҲ΢ε˵
Ǽ˵УھҶ׵ʵǿҶһҲ˫ȭѵ֣Ѧ׶ˣ˵ǿǵʵ
ʱͻȻһϤĽŲžһϤӰǵǰ
СôͻˣһΪҪִһܹأѦ׶һ㽫⼸˵ļģԼλϡ
С񾳵ϢһʱѾ˵ˣֵܼԺһһˣܲʮ죬Ѧ׶ϵϢҲǱó࣬˿ҲѾ鵤۷˱Сˡ
磬Ҳô̵ʱͽˣѦ׶ľ֮˽ҲûƤû˵
˽ܵĻѦ׶һ̲סҿ鵤۷Ѿһʱ䣬ҶײŶ̶̵ļ¾͸ˣҿ죬ôǷˣ
Ѧ׶Ļ˶Цһ֮Ǳֽˡ
Ūһ˫һӢѧԱҵģ˵ţѦ׶ԼĿڴͳһŰֽŰֽ֮дŴССʮ˵֡
֮ϾȻһϵ֣֮⾫ӢѧԱҲ
Ҫ֪ʥԺоӢѧԱǳϡȻʥԺһȫɢĻʥԺĳȻƾʥԺṩԴԼһǿ֯֯ܵʥԺҲ˵֯ʲôңʲôǿֻҪصʥԺЩҾûȨҵʥԺ׷ǵΡҲʥԺõһط
ЩʥԺôΪĻʥԺǵĳͷӲпʮġʥԺһֱΪ½ѧߵãһԸʥԺΪʥԺס
ʥԺĳϳ˿ʥԺ彨һС͵֮֯⣬һЩϵȨȽ϶ѣӢѧԱֻǲܹһС͵֯Ĵͳͬġ


ڶٶʮ ҵı
Ҵҵˣ󣡡ҶܹĳѦ׶ȥִ񣬸ĲΪݣȥѰʲô鱨ˡ
󲻼򵥣ȻʮŽ뵽񾳣ʮѾﵽ۷壬ʮʱѾǻʾĻߣһһ㣬Ѿﵽǻʾɣʵ˵Ѧ׶һ˵
ֻһ۵Աȴеĸˣһϰ˵ʥԺѧԱֱӽһȫɱлһö벽ʥ޵Ҳȥˣ˵ǸһŹΪģ
Ҳһҿʵһ˾ȻͿԵֵǰ벽ʥޣһĹΪǻɱṩ˼Ϊ˵Ѧ׶ɫ͸ˡ
ʵȻֻһʮֲ۵ĴڣȻҲע⵽ˣⲻɱңҲǾ̫СֲֵŻߵģͨһ֮˫˽⡭
˫ƺѾǻɵҶ׵ݣ׼Ǽ˽иΪı֮⻹ǶҲǰìͷ׼ҶסҶΪԼλһƬʱѦ׶һٴνȵס
һҶǲˣӦô죿
С仰ʵĺãӦþ콫ԼչΪҸоƺûв뵽ͷǵĶ鵱У鴦׵ǵĩˣѦ׶Ļ֮Ҷ״Ҳ˽ΪʲôֻһССˡ
ͨ飬ʱҲͣһЩġڰ֮ǻһǳƽʱ䣬ĸ˾Ҫͨһµʱ뾡취ǵչ
Ҫǰϴڱõĳȫע뵽һ̻棬֮ǰǸ̻ҲΪ˫ϲܹˣ
ҲһȽϿɿ̻飬ĸһиõİţѦ׶ƺʱѺܶķǳףһ㽫еĵҪҲǲˡ
֪ѾԼļǳãϣܹһ£ǻһΪҪҪŸҪ˵Ѧ׶ҲǼʱ
ҵİŸȥһ̻˰̻߼ʦʱܹõһҪ֪̻½̻ᣬܹ̻·ҪҲҪֵֵˣѦ׶ŸѾԴ˵
ã磬ֻҪܹҽ뵽˰̻ᣬһ֤񣡡һ̻ƣŸʱҲ̲ס˷ܵ˵
˵˰̻½Ƿǳ׵Ĵ̻ǧ˿ƵĹϵܹ뵽˰̻ᵱУȻõĵֿҵİ취
˽ܣҲ㰲˺ȥʱͻһᵱУ֪ʥԺͷ糾۹з֧Ųɵ͵ìܣֻҪܹȡϴΣԺⲿԸ˫͸ӵˮˣ˵Ѧ׶ٴ֣µ˵
ҶףΪޣǾǺȥִһżе񣬴Ӷƻŵ񣬷Ļһųɳһ꣬ҵʵŽ뵽ʥԺǵĴûз֮أ˵ЩѦ׶ǴԼĿڴȡϷָŸҶף˽ˡ
ȻĻھͷͷжɣǼ˶֪ʧʧûԥٴʥԺֿ
ߺҶǷŻ˽Ų˿Ѧ׶˵磬±˵ĻҪذɣȻĻôǶʥԺи֧ˣ
Ѧ׶˿Ҷף֪ԼʲôƭŽʵ˵˫ѾҶҵҶˣѾһӢѧԱչ˶ĸ˷ı
ԭΪǾ㱨Ҳ˼ǸԵıҷұĿɽԶԶĻҪǿʮҪɱңŲ˼Щǿ󣬵ʵǱ޳Īı
ǲܹʥԺһԼ֯¾ͻᱻĳԵûзĻᣡ˵Ѧ׶Ҳʮε˵
ţѾ׼ˣȻڱôͻûʥԺüѾ뵽һע⵽ֻû뵽һô졣
һβһֿҪȫ뿪ʥԺʲôʱҪִˣ˵Ѧ׶̲ס̾˿˵
ʵҶѾԤϵˣΣճ̶ԶԶǵ󣬶Ѧ׶ǲܷԼȥִôΣյصͷҶ׵ϣǼ˵ֻҶκȥִˣ
֪ô˵񾿾ʲôôܹ˫Ǽ˵׷ɱأѦ׶ĻҶײûбֵ̫༤΢̾˿Ż˵
ʵģ
Ҳ֪ʲôطܵõһҩڴѰֵܹҩҩ˵ҩʮֵ죬ܹһ֮ıǿߡ
ʱڷ糾۹ĵλͻԽԽߣǸ֯ٴβ߻һѪħ¼Ȼڷ糾۹ǳˣ
ȻҶ״Ѧ׶һޱȻ˵ЩҶ׵ĶƺһٶȡôչȥĻҪұ𼸺ѾڻҪϰٱˡ
鵽ΪֹôѦ׶Ļû˵ꡣ
ҳΪ糾۹֧㿪ʼͣȨӽƻֻҪʮʱͻὫ糾۹ʽΪˡ
ʵΪ׼ģǻİšѦ׶˵
˿϶ΪѦ׶޵ԼȥһЩ򵥵顣ҶͻȻѦ׶ƺĳ޴ľеķտ϶ӵļѡ
òҪ뵽˫ԵװɣѦ׶΢ЩصҶ̲סʵ
ǺǣҾ֪黹۾Ҷ׵ĻѦ׶̲סҡҡͷ˵
ȷʵЩϢҴ˫õġ
ģзִ磬ҲǴڹĶⷽԶԶҪóֻϣܹԽ֪ҾԽǰȫ֪ԼҶףѦ׶ʮʽ˵
ãôˣϣ´ʱ㲻Ҫʲô⡭


ڶٶʮ Ŀ顱
ЩѦ׶ҶףҲ֪Ѧ׶˫òԲӡѦ׶ȴûҶ׿˫ӣԿĳԺ϶ǻҶġ
ϣǼʱͺãѦ׶ʧıӰҶҲϢ뿪ʥԺһα뿪ͬǣҶε뿪һԵøӵΣͬʱҲԽԽӽҵĺˡ
뿪ʥԺҶһĵطе𿪣ʼĶݡ
ԭֻһҵ˾סڰ׻ǣΪ糾۹֮һһȴһ½ط
Щ˵ĻʮֵҵһΪĳصĴרŸһЩ˵ĹҶұֻҺͷ鵱Ϊ۵һѡ
ҵõصҩҩǸǵġҶҪĿҵŵҩҩΪҩģݻ١
һʧȥЩҩģôٻҪʮŬܹٴεõôҩƵҩ֮һҪԲһô򵥵顣
ҲҶõĻᣬҶ׻ҵİ취ǳҴ½ѰŶͯô˻뵽ЩŶͯУл뵽ЩŶͯĵطԵĻԽܻ٣Ӷƻƻ
ȻѦ׶ĺܺãʵʲҲǴҪҶȥһһ
ҶҪȥطʮŶͯһܾݵ㡣ʱͿԻΪеܺͯ꣬Ӷ뵽ѵء
Ҷ׾ȫ·һ۵ССһСҲƶסĵط͸˾ۼ򣬴ӱϿССû˿Ĳͬ
鱨ϼأҴŶͯһܾݵ㡣ֻݵСʲôط鱨漸ûдҪҶԼȥȷˡ
۶ӣҶֻΪһС⣬˳㿴Сϲжʱ
СһʱѾˣСһвǧˣֲС򡣡
߳ǸĻʳȽǵʳǳľ£٣㹻Щʳˡ
ƶֻвǧˣƺԵ˲ǧ˵ʳһƬƽʱ͵ＫطЩˣڵڶҹʱͻȻҶ˵
һٴγҶ׵嵱УȻ֮ǰû̫ĲͬҶȴܹоԭõ嵱оȻһЩʵѪɫâЩâһһģǵĹâһ
ʦ˵ŶͯĵطĻҶ΢㶣̲סʵ
š˵ͷû˵̫ĻƺڸӦʲô
ȻʱһҶ׵Ժ档
һ浱УҶͻȻע⵽һҲǺͨļͥһҶȴע⵽һ˾ȻǱ񾳵ǿߡЩƶݴྶͥˡ
һǹȥϸɣһ񷿵ڲͬҶױ˹ȥ
ӱϿһ񷿺ûʲô𡣿ǵҶҪʱȴһ񷿵ĸһεĴһֹκҪ˳Χһϵ𣬶סͨűɱЧ
Ȼкܴ⡣֮ܵҶ׿ʼԼϢʼСԺ䵱СոտԺ䣬ͿһǿһСԺݶ֮ϳ֡죬ҹɫͣ⼸֮صƺѲܵ
һʲôĵطҪһ۷ǿѲӣһʲôܣпܾҴŶͯĵط
ϸҲǸܵһƬ֮󣬿ʼԼĸ֪뵽¡Ȼܿ㿴һھõңЩжͯÿһӣʮʮӡ
Сĺֻ߰꣬ʮѾꡣȻǱһĵ棬ǵȴǳãЩûһҪؼҵġֻмӻӦĻ˰ҹû˯š
ʱһ˴˼ڴڴƺװżץĺӡ
ϴ⼸Ǵٹ֮ץģǵĹ̬ӦǱȽϴĺӣһ鵤۷߷еļڴԱǿ˵
ţ㻹жٵһ٣һ֮ǾͿһˣôһˣ˵ǿߺж˳صİһ˿
ǿߵĻ鵤۷ֱ⼸ӿʼ߽һҡ
߿ڴʱͻȻеĿڴһ鵤Щơͷһ£ԼղżǴˣ㽫⼸ڴװŵĺȫӵ档
ÿһҷӣһжʮңѾʮһˡĵƺвٿλ鵤۷ĸ־͸û˼ȥ֮ǰһڴˡ
Ҫ֪ǵһʱ֮ɣѾȥ꣬Ҳֻ߳ɵĹѡ
ϴô죿ǽ񻹲öûɣҪȻȥץһЩ΢ͨĺĳ鵤۷ĸִӵ߳ǿǰʱЩƵ˵
ҿЩְϿĺܽҪȻȥûʲôʱȽģܹǶඥһЩ鵤۷ֵĻǿ̲ס̾˿˵
ǿߵĻ鵤üͷֻܹӲͷƤȥˡ
һ棬һЩӵֽţǵ۾ϣܹҵһŲĺӡȥٵһġۿžѾһˡ
ӦúȥһûʲôϣˣߵһҸǰ鵤۷Щɥ
Ϊ⼸궼ѡģʲôνŶֵͯġ½ܹһɾͲˣͱָõˡ
뵽鵤۷ƿһҵŻ˽ȥ
ŵһӵֱۿ˿ûʲô쳣һ
ֽڶӿ˿Ǹӡܿ͵˵ˡ
׼ȷ˵Ӧһֱۡ
ţ鵤۷ЩĻʱͻȻоһ˿ϣĶϡ


ڶٶʮ ܾݵ
Ϻãϼѣ۾лһ˿â鵤۷ڿЩʱͻȻоһһԺɲ֮䶼һ
鵤۷ֱһ뿪ҡ뿪֮о˲졣
ΪʲôôǸ꣬ѵʲôµĶ
ԣһҵĴ鵤۷һԼ˼·ֻصǸҵС
ˣ¿Ǹ꣬鵤۷Ѿû˸ղŵĻңһ˿˷ܵĶ档ٴο˿ֱۣȷԼûпȷʵһټš
ĻͿ˳ˡ뵽鵤۷ûп־壬һЩ˷档
Ӧȥϴˣһ뵽Լҵһõϴ͵ӣ鵤۷ֶһЩ⡣
ܿ˱ǿߵĸǰ
ϴҵһ꣡һӣ鵤۷ֱ˷ܵ˵
ĻǿҲ΢΢üͷʵŶôͻȻðôһ꣬ȷҵģ
ǿôһʣ鵤۷΢΢һ㶣Ϊ˴ӣһӦϴȷʵҵģֻ⼸ʵ̫۾ûϸֱ棬ղ¿һĻ»ǻɻصģ
鵤۷Ȼһƽ̬˷ܵ˵ƺԼҵġ
ãҸһȥɣ׶鵤۷ô˵ǿҲǺĻҪϵһ깤ĽǵȴҼĳͷ鵤۷˵Щʱ򣬱ǿ߲ŻҪȥ֤ʵԼһϽȥԤ֪
ܿ죬ǿ߱鵤۷һ档
һűǿ߾ͿԼҪǸꡣ
ţէһȷʵȽͨǵϸ۾ʱȴһ޵ɱ֪Ŀ϶һֱȽϡʵģұһ鵤۷ᵽǸ꣬ǿһ۱㿴еĶߡûκζۡ
ţȷʵһţĳܹ𣿡ΪһЩʮʱѾֳԼʣҲǱصԽ˾ԽпǴӵܡİץߣŪþҪǳ鷳Ҫ뽫˳͵ҪһЩ취һЩԵġ
һǿߵĻ鵤ֶʱɫ΢䡣ʲôʱץѾˣͺƾðһϸôһЩ䣬ĵط
Լڵ뷨߸ǿߣǿ߿϶ţһٽѵ鵤۷ֱһЩѻ
ʲô˵Ǳ͵͵²ģ鵤ֵĻǿüͷЩʵ
ǵģƭ˵һǳõҩֻҪȥժҾͻһЩô͸ˡ
֮˽⵽ʵ֮һӵĴڣΪҪԼΪҪ鵤۷ƴҪһȽϿ׵ĻԣȴǱǿߴϡ
˵ǲܹأĳ͸ˡ鵤۷ΪǿҪĻԣԽԽǾñǿҲҪɻءϾǴδ
ϴ֪ӦôˣǿߵĻ鵤۷ֱ뿪ˡʱһҪǸĿдһУȻڴҵԼҪĴ𰸡
޷ǣһжҵϢһ
ûνҶװһƭ֡ɼƭȻôȴ˵ҪҲ˵ΪԼ棬òĻֲ©
ܿ鵤۷ֱٴҵС˿ҶѾװӻ֮иոѹ
СܣûɣҶ׸ոѹ鵤۷ֱװģĹչͺҶ״ӻ֮нȳһ
ʲôطܶǹͺͺʯڣҶ׹װʧʵ
һҶӣ鵤۷ֱģӦǱ˴֮±ҸˣȻ͵㻹ǵʲô𣿡
ҶԴԼһЩ˿ڣҡҡͷװʧ˵Ѿǵʲôˡ
˵꣬Ҷױ¶ʧ񣬺Լʲô֪һ
һҶ׵Ļ鵤۷ֶʱ¶ϲı顣ϽҶ״ҴߣһΪʵĵط
ʵ°ߵһЩƶ˼ҵĺӣһЩԸ˼ҵӵܣǵķ䷶ΧͨǼ󿤳ǣĳȴ֣Ȼжмʱ䣬ûгκ©ҲǸ֯Աһֱĵ⡣
Ҷ׵ĳȴǸ񾳸ֳһ⡣Ǹ֪֯Ūһݲܿƻ¶ĻǲܵܵΪĳͷҲһõ⣬ԸɱҲðա
꾹Ȼʲô֪ôǾһЩİ취ˡ
ŶҺǵһЩʲô飬Ϊ׷ɱŻ֮ˤû뵽ˣǸṩһѵĳȻԸȥˣҶԼ˵̲ס˵
ãסǰŰɣ鵤۷û뵽Ҷ׾Ȼôƭʱ˷Ͻ뿪һصǿڵķ档
ϴ鰲ˣġ鵤۷̽Լղͱǿ˵һ顣
ǿͷֻҪҶ׵ܻز¶ڵĻôɻˡʱҶ׵ܻǱߣͲǸˡ
ô죬Ͱ𣿡鵤۷ִ˷ܣһЩĵ˵
ǿ룬ջ̲ס˵ҾкܶεĵطΪ˷ֹ⣬ǻһ㽫еһԱת߰ɣҲǳʱˣ
˵ʵ罻׵ƷҲһСֲũƷÿ궼Ὣʳ󿤳ǣӶ˶Ŀš
ǿ֮󣬱㿪ʼ֯ȥ߲ˣһܹŪ߲һеС
ΪԼĺأȴҶһ
Ӵһ֮ҾܹﵽǸܻˣϣʱܹһ˳뵽Ҷױ㻺Ľ뵽˯״̬


ڶٶʮ ػ
ڶһ磬Ҷױ㱻Ǹ鵤۷ĸָΪΨһһԸȥ꣬鵤۷ֱûнͯһҩŪΣ׼һ·ҪҶȡһЩмֵϢ
ȷҶ׿ţͻ·ǾҶײţͻ̽ɱġ
˼·̣ǷҶȻЩʶģ֮ȷʵһеţֻȱһܹӵĵطһǾ͸ΪҶܹܻشչͼһ·ǶҶҲǸչˡ
ֻǿҪĿĵصʱǲŽҶķȥ͵һƬɽҰ뵱С
˵һƬɽȷѩ۹뺮ˮ۹֮һɽҪվ͡ڼһЩǿϮǵĶ顣бǿѹ󣬲ûһ͵Ľʮʧһ
ǵĶߵһʱǰڳһ֧ӭˡһֻݿǱЩĶǿˣһ벽ǻʾĻѹ
ŶĿЩǿ֮벽߽ǿߵǰ
벽΢Ŀ佱ǿҲ΢εЦǺǣɻ߿佱ҲһСѣǽһ
˵ţǿ߱Լ½еƳ򿪣ʼ벽ߴЩꡣ
ʮʱ䣬벽߱㽫󲿷ֵ꿴˿һ顣
һ֮󣬰벽΢üͷЩõ˵ǽֻЩ˵ĻǵŲٵĲµǻ겻ɵĻǽܵĳͷ
Ȼǿ׼벽ߵĻ̲סˤȻûгܹĳͷǶֳͷĲп̶ȣǿȴ֪һһЩӰˡ
׼΢һ֮ǿ߸Ͻ벽ߴһƳ۷ǰ
ߴˣǵ۾ͻĹˣһЩǿ߻ǿʼԭƻʵ
ŶϣǲҪʧһģ벽ϲǰԴγãǿߺһЩ飬ҲһЦԴһЩŵ˵
ǿ֪Լܹ벽ߣϽֺõ˵ôأǾ֤ģߴ˻ĺˣ
˵ţǿ߱㽫Ƴ򿪣һ΢ɢıڰ벽ߵǰ
벽еɻ󣬱ǿ߸Ͻ˸벽óһѵλá
Ű벽ǰʼҶȫĹ
ڰ벽߿һֿ֮ʼҶ׵ľ֮վǿߵǰ˵ɣôģ
벽ߵʻǿҲ΢Ļһ£֪ԼΪµʱ̵ˡֻͣԼǧҪšʱԽǽžԽǻᱻ벽߻ɣֵһЩ˵ܹڰ벽ǰõһЩӷ֡
ꡭǿ΢˿ϽԼ鵤۷ֱĹԭԭĸ벽˵һ顣¿˵˷ѾҶ׵һЩ򵥵ĳ֮ϱģǳƭԡ
Ȼ벽ÿ¶Ӵ꣬ЩҲһЩֱһЩܹ˵ĹȥĹ£ҲһЩοЩͨаŪģûбҪ̫ˡ
ţȻһЩΣǹأڷҿҪһЩˣ벽һ߸ǿͳƷһһӽЩ¼ͬʱҲǽеĸʵǿ߼¼
ܿ벽߱Լеı˺һż¼ݸǿߣ㿴ɣЩǸĽû水Ѫӡɣ
벽ֻǽеǸڱǿǰ΢һӣ㽫ݸ˻
ǿû뵽벽߾Ȼôǿƣֻܹ˵ͷõϸһ˿ڣӹŵݱ水Լӡֻʱ򣬱ǿ߲ܹ¼ݡ
ȻôĽˬˣȻֻһۣǿ߱оԼͻĽͷԡϽӡ棬վݽ˰벽ߡѾܹܲ쵽һʽˡ
ǸĽû⣬߰ɣ벽߽һöΪͨĴָݸ˱ǿߡǿ߽ӹָϽ˿еĽ˵ͷ
벽ߵݸǿߵʱҲ¶һ񣬱㽫ǿ߸ˡ
ܹ뵽ǿߺ϶һ˿۵еһֽ󵽱һｱһЩ
ЩѾûйϵˡŪһܹܻ꣬ɳδõĺôһЩɹġ
ˣһ궼͵ΪͨǸɽ棬Դˣ벽һѱ㽫Ҷץһɽȥ
벽ߴһʱ֮Ҷױ㿴һС͵ĳǳسԼǰ
Сǳ棬ǳصеľûУһЩ̺͸˾סĵطһӦȫһЩרŸЩѵĳȫзֲľҶڽ뵽СеУûп̫롣⵹Ҷ׾Щ֡
СһûʲôѲ߲أȴܹоСǵڼһУһ벽ʥҲ˵ģĸ֪ҶҪǿܶ࣬ԺܶҶûио飬ܹһֻʱܹһһһ߸Ҷ֪
벽Ҷڳһ֮󣬱һ޴ĸۡ档
ϴҴһһЩǱ꣬㿴ôŰɣ˵ţ벽߱㽫е껺ӵϡ
¸£СģܹѾԽԽˣ츳ɣСĵĻ˵֮һɰͷһۡ˳ɸһЦ˵
ɰͷ˵֮󣬱㿪ʼ۲ҶȫĹһ֮󣬸ɰͷŬŬ˵СģȷʵЩ츳ȴûеĳ̶ȣذҲֻǿˣ
˵꣬ɰͷ㽫һӸСıʧСĵǰ
Ҷܹоɰͷǻʾɵʵ֮⣬С֮⻹ĸߵĴڡ
ɰͷĻС΢¶ʧ飬һֱ㽫һҶ״һۡ档
ʵʱҶǴһ־ѵ״̬


ڶٶʮ һѵ
Сӣ֪ѾѹˣҶһڵϣСĿҶͻȻЦ
ʵô˵ҲͻȻúڰԼھĳҶ׾ûбˡͻȻҪ̽ǰݺǷǳȷ꣬Ҷͯ
ô˵ҶͯڵһĻԲѵӡ
ţСЩˡУҶȴûѵסʮֲı˼ӵĸоǴʲôطأ
ѵϻܣоЩ֮СıҶ׶һ˼ɡ׼ȷ˵һ˼ǶҶΪԵ
Ź˼ʱ֮ҶװʱЧ֮˹˿Χ龰м־ȵӡ
ô㿴ЩѵûгԾ𣿡Ҷ״Ч֮ѹСЩµ˹һͷĿҶףͺҶһ
ұʱǸ˾Ѿ˵Ҫ͵һطϰ䣬ΪһˡȻҶױֵЩţǸȴһľګģ
Ŷô˵㱻ͽ֮ǰ֪ҪģΪʲôҪأҶ׵ĻСҲԴֵ˵
ҪǳҰұƵ·ϵģûԱĻҵ³ģҶ׺ԥ˵
СѾûȤȥעҶ׵ĳ˭ˣãôҾͻ㵽ЩһѵסҪѵһжӳϵİţ
˵Ҳоͷһԣܿͱ͵һطʮ깲ͬһС档
һˣͱҶױӽ֮󣬲֪˭һ䡣Ҷ׻ججѹ֮˿Χ۹⿴ʱˣղЩʻֻһѡҪĵط
СӣһĶûдڵ˯һϰɣ֪˯˵һ䣬ʮ궼źЦ
ĻޱȣһһɷɧζһŴ̵ʯǼӲܹ˵ĹͷĥϡھôӲĽӼŴ϶˯һ꣬ƺûеط˯ˡҶܹڽ䵱лһŴûסˡ
Ҷ׿ʼĳһŴȥ
Сӣûи㲻𣿡Ҷ׿ʼǰеʱͻȻһҶ׵ǰð˳ץסҶ׵·ǰˡ
Ҷͣ½ŲһűԼӣΪ粻ߣҲйԪˡҲǲˡӦþǿΪһԵİɡ
أҶץԼ·ֱۣоֱһ飬㽫ץҶ׵ָɿˡ
ƺԼôҶ׺ǳ뿪ʵûӣ͵һһȭҶ׵ؿڡ
һȭ˵Ҳ죬˵ҲΪһȭȫƾǱʶģûڴ֮κεͣ١˵͸ԣǾȻǹԪҶȴ˺ܶ౶ˡһȭûдҶףǱҶ׽ȭͷץס
Ҷֻ΢һСۣ㽫ֱӸ˳ȥֱײʯ֮ϡ
㲻öˣʵҪһԶأԼ껹붯֣ҶֱһűֽɨɳȥҶױʯ̵ͷ˯ԭסһ
Щʯûʲô˯ȥҶȴоʯ֮ϺһС죬ڲͣĿʳļ⣬ļⲻϵĴһֽŵ״̬һʼҲЩϰߣһϼЩӭжˡ
СһȻҪЩΪʿ뷨ǳĶ񶾣Ͷȴ˿ġ
˵ʯɣֽʯһֿʱ̴ڽ״̬ߣһЩйһҲҪʮڳ𡣡ܵҶ˯ʯϵĸоԴ̾˵
ʮڳ𲻾һöʮŴʮöģȷʵϻǮͶ롣ĻҶҲ΢΢ͷ˵
Ҷ˯Ŵϳ˸оļٲͣķ֮⣬ܹоÿһŴ澹ȻһɹɳĳطĳƺҪ嶼ڻһȥĻһԪɵ׻ͻڵΪﵽһߵĲεġ
ΪҶ׽ǿܣһϱû˵ڶ죬ʯҵĴŲű˻Ĵ򿪣۷ǿ߻˽
ȫɱȫµļȫ״˵Ǿһһֱ㽫ӶɱЩҪ˯ҲѾǲˡ
˶𴲣Ƕ챻ͽʿѵģǵǰǶƽȵģһ˭ָ߲ӣǳܵʹҲһˣһ۷ǿЩջ˵
ΪһĥûдӴꡣ֮ǰҶ׷ìܵꡣ
ôڴţѵ㲻֪һҪʱ𣿡˵۷ǿ߰ĿⶢǸꡣ
ȻҲǸоһּΪĸоǿʹڴϲ϶
Ķ壬ȥŪһ֣ߵߡֱۡǡ˼ʮ£ܿ㱻ӵĵǰ
ԣ֮ǰȫǴȫ·Ҳ彫ȫĹ۶ֽ֮Ӻϵ˵һ֮ȫĹҪɢһȴǿʹûнкһ
ǼӵϵʱȫѾǴˡ
Ǻǣ㻹һЩðɣҾͲ׷ˣϣԺڲпѵҲܹ˼ͦӣû˿ԥı㽫һ˳ȥֽĻˡ
˵Ļ϶Щ˵עмֵĻȴûм䡣ҶȴˣԭտʼǸСֻϰɱͱɱһ򵥵ĳأ޵ģ˳ҵĻһ˽ͱ˱̭
Ŀǰ˵СѵĿǰˣֻжʮˣذֻһ˶ѣʣµḽ̌ˡҲ˵һ˵ֻ˽ǲпܻ࣬еذ̭࣬ǰ뿪Сеġ
ǽеһε̭ѵǸ߰ɣĸûиǽѵ㿪ʼ߳ʯңʼڶĺ棬ƺһලá


ڶٶʮ һ
ûжЩΪѵ֮ǰͽ̭Ȼ֮һرȽţͬʱҲһԸعţ鶼øྲһͻøӺùҶʵеһʩ
ϾǲҪЩŵδҪѵһЩȽ˲žˣܹ̭ЩҪı׼ЩҪеľһҳϺͷ̭ѵ
ˣˣĽʮŴﵽһȽϿտĹ㳡档֮£ʮ궼ͣЩ굱ʵҲǹԪСɣǿǹԪɡ
̭ѵùͬŬɱһ鵤ɵӷǳɹˣǵлһ˳ĹʧˣܿȫҸһʱǱ˴ʶһԱܹи˴
ǿԻʶһˣĴЩŵĶΣǱ˴վʶ
һ˵һӲߣ΢С꣬ҽФɣٶȱȽϿһ㡣
ҽ͸ӱȽϴһ㡭һʮ궼ԼֵҶס
ҽҶͯ±ȽϺݶһЩҶޱ˵
±ȽϺݶ仰ʱĵע⣬ʱѽϵ뿪ʼһ̭ѵˣһһӷǵɱǼܣҲͣȫɱ
壬׼𣿡ĵĻ䣬Ѿһͷߵ㳡мˡ
ʱе궼һֺĿˣҲһЩ۾֮гη塣ΪܹоʮݵϴһŨصɱɱǸоһϢܸоǲɱˣǾ޷ȥ
ҵʵǹԪ۷壬ҪȥҵģʱһȺ֮˳˵Ҷһ۱ϳǡ
ȻΪǽӴʱǳ٣Ҷ׶һ㶼˽⣬궼һڶվ˵ʱ򣬲ûжӦֻд΢ſһЩ
ƺּ˵εӷʵ鵤ڣӦǸոͻƵӣǵʵս·һҵΪǵߵģǸһļʻһЩ
ȻҲѰҸԵϴ󣬾ٲҲҪҼԼ˳۵ˣĻǵ³ǳңŪþԽͳӶᱻ˺ģЩû̫ķӦǱ˵һЩЩ꿪ʼ˼ˡ
ʱеʮһ˿ʼֳһһΪ׵ĸˡһҶìܵһһĸˣʣµĸҶΪ׵һС顣
ˣˣ彫ӷϹŵ⿪˵
ţ֪Լ˵Ķ֣Լǿǰһغ϶˾ͻᱻԷɱǶԷҪԼߣѵʲôı
˿ģԥһ¾ƴĳɭֵķȥȻһЩ˺ۣǱܵȴܵٶԽԽ졣ܹһֱٶȥĻЩûһܹġ
Ǽ׷Ҷ˵ϵһһԵļڷһ˹ȥһֵıҲű׷ȥ
ҶıãͺͶǶԼ˸ȥ
ӷ֮ѡǸȫԭġѡǸȫһƬһ޼ʵĴ֣ƽɽһҪҵĻԽԽСˡ
ҶܹĲҵܹӷ϶Ǻʲô˵ȾѾһҪЩ׷ɱܹõյɡ
Ȼܿһԣʵǿʮϰٱǿǰûκηʱ
Ҷ׵СǵһɭġҶһ뵽ɭֱһƧĵطͣ˻øҲͣ
ǶˣЩҪɱӷԲܹǰ棬ҪǺŻԲܹͷȥڻңȻĻǻĺܲҵģȻҶܹһ˲Ѵ֮ӷɱһ¶ôεǳʧܣҪȥĻֻܹˡ
ȻҶ״֮ǵһС顣ŶҲӺ
֧Ķ߳һξ֮ҶǴ˴Ӻȥ
һսһ׷һ׽ԲأһмƻķɱĻ
ǰ֧߳ԶһξʱҶͻȻһӷȻˡƺҪȴʲôҪȵһ֧׼ʼɱˡ
ҳʲôϵأҶ׸ǸӷһϵжЩɻ۷
ʱ򣬵һ֧СѾʼڵλˡ
ע㣬֮ǰСӶһȥִҼǵǸ˵Щӷһ׼֮ͽΪ治ֶΣ˵ڲʲôطͶأЩ˵һҲǾһ
ȻΪͥƶҲһЩӶĶ飬ǵɱͶ˺ܶࡣҲΪ԰ĵطһӷҲЩηˡ

ǿһƬľԵʱͻȻԱߴһҶ͵ľ͵һһתͿһ޴ĺӰԼ˹
ɢܹ֮Щ굱ţΪɱ࣬Ҳ󡣿ӷǰʵǲһЩʱͻȻԼֻǴóȻʵЩ̫³çˡʱٶʲôҲѾˡ
žһеûʹþͱӷһԼǰءһƴķǳݶֱһƱ㽫ؿڵ߹Ǹ˺üͬʱҲǽˡѪͣĴʳȻ˲ˡ
׷׺ˣͻȻʶԼĸ˾ǺҲ޷ӷסǺ˾ǱɣһҲܹøǣӷ뽫ɱܹõɣҲɱܹȥԽ첻


ڶʮ ׷Ϯ
ɱȻٶ񣬵ҲһЩӶڴɱȻ֪˵ĺ塣һ̣ǼҲѪ׷еıɱӷ
һõһѸֵֵûг֣ܹоѸֵ֮Ϻ䡣
һâй켣ܹĳõ滹һЩĵõġ
ûпӷֵѾԤȡǰ壬һ˫֮б
ӷһʱѾ͵ɢ˳ȥƵӷһҪλ
ӷоѾһԼĺ󱳣ǴһٶȺϿʵȽϻǲ˺ܶࡣһҪ󱳵ʱ͵бȥ
ӷһֻ֧ŵ棬Ȼһ˸աһű㽫߷˳ȥ
ܵ˺أҲʱʧȥսͬʱ΢һҲͺһƵʱͬʱ
ʱͻȻԽһת뵽˵Ĵڣ̵ܹõ֧ԮҲһ£˵СܹʱϹ֧Ԯأ
뵽ͱ㳨ɤŴǿӷסٲˣ
ţʹӷ͵һ㶣һת㳯ɭֵߡʱͲǿӵվ
֮ǰѾ׼һЩ˵ҩְԼĲָͷһЩȥ֮źһЩ
Ҹղż飬ǼˣоԼڹŹһȦ֮Ҳ̲ס̾һ˵
͵˸ոӷ֮󣬶ҲѰ͸ղźӷɱĵطһ̲Ѫ֮⣬ѾûаӰˡ
ѵɱѪתת̲סľ黹Ǻҵġ
ڼͷ˵УʵȻǿģǰһԻĶӣ׷﷽Ųٵľ顣
һ̲Ѫһ뵽֮ǰ˺ѷεĲҽУﻹ̲סһ¡
ܹоԼȣȻΪ߳ôһ㣬ʵսԼƺǲһЩҶͯ˸оҲʮֵءԼܹ˵е漸ʾͻӵġ
ڶǴɭ治ͣεʱӷͽ֮Ҳ𽥳߿
һӷԼжصĸģڶǵĶ棬һͷͨϸ΢һЩ紵ݶܹġһתͿ˲ԶһЩĵط
ƾԼԾ飬ܹоһƬֵп϶ʲô档ΪûʲôҰ޵ζľӦþһֱҵӷˡ
缸Ҫʮ־飬ܹоǸӷһƬţƺҪ͵ϮǣǾԲܹС֮ǰɱƴʱ򣬶ǵķӦҲ֮ǰøСĽˡ

ڶǼСĿʼһƬɭֿʱͻȻһƬɭĶԽԽ󡣺ܿһ΢ϤӰǵǰ
ӷЩ۵Ӱ͵ĺһǼ˱Ѹپ£һ𡣺ȻǼ˵Ž̶ҪԶԶǼˡ
ӷǵʱҲǰڳһݵһԸӷӷûджǣͱ⼸еı׽ǰ·ˡ
ӷʵϾ⼸Ҫǿ٣ҾҲԶԶ⼸ܹġȻûджǵ壬⼸ıҪʱ͵һת壬һֱӻ罫еı£һ
һĸеȻһ𡣾ʱӷһһĸߡ
顱һһ屻˳ȥڶʱ̵תе񷢷һ׼ӷĸҪ
顱һڶ廹Ǳӷ˳ȥӷҲǱеγʺɫ˿ڡӷˣͬһ㳯طɿӴܡ
Ҷ׿ӷҪľҵһ֧Сˡ
û뵽ȻǷֱС֮е꣬ԣ滹飡Ҷ׿ʱѾϱ磬ԤеҪɭһˡ
֮ǰӷҪҵڵλòǳװݡ
Ȼĸ֪Уӷʼڵλ𽥵Ŀ£ƺڸָ
Źһӵʱ䣬ӷǵıؾ֮·ʼ
ע⣬ӷӦþǸһ֮Ǳһ̵ķͣҪҲҪ㹻Ĵ۲Уһ뵽֮ǰСӵҶҲǸԼĸоһʮֺӦԴʩ
Ȼûãɭ֮гҶζĻҶͻȻоӷ֮ŪΪ֮ģпҵôġ
ͻȻ֮Ҷһ顣ǾεǿܷɱӷǻĿڵȴԼֻĿǰܹĿ׼õ񾿾ʲôѡ
ӷһֱҶס
ǰ鲻ͬǣҶȻʵǿ˵׵Ҷ׵һ赼֮ȴ˵Ϊĵһ֧顣ӷһ֣ĸеĸֵˢˢĶ׼ӷһҪ
˵ӷֻǶԸһĻ϶ᱻԼҪҪҪôҪôƴһ֮ûеֿܡ
Ȼһ˵ʵ㹻ǿʱҲǿԺƽġ
ˡһӷԼ֮γһףֱӽֵĵԼϡ͵һеĸֵĸ궼׷ױˡ
Ҳ˱ıֵϵĵâ˺ʮ˿ڡ֪ԼѾ֮ǰô˳뿪ˣӷҲҧҧĸ֮͵Ծ̧һȺݺݵɨȥ
ĸʱоһǰϯǿıըǵ嶼׷ǿУ̶ͬȵײһÿô֮ϣˤ߻ءǷӦʱӷѾʧǵߵС


ڶʮһ ̱ƹ
ֻͻȻ־ͻȻʧˣҶܹоӷֻ΢ǣʧӰ٣ƺûɱǵ뷨ӷĵЩìܡ
Ҷƾôľ飬ܹоӷǾɱģǻʲôԭηηŵأⲻı⣬ֻܹ˵ҵרŰôġ
ҵΪʲôôأ
ҶװԼĿ⿴ʱ˽ҵ⡣
ȻֻСӵУķӦ٣õһ顣ͻ״ʱ򣬻ڲ̶ͬܵľţ΢һЩӦ
ûܵв£ȻЩ־廹ǱֵĲǺԡ
΢ǵı飬ҶҲ΢̽ʵ֮ǰѵûеִйΣյ𣿡
ûУǰǺӶһִģҶ׵ĻһЩѹ˵ҲǱʾԼûежҼɱˡ
Ҷ״Ҫˡ
ʵҪܼ򵥣ǾҪЩһЩ־壬ӶжЩʱķӦ֮мһЩĿ顣
ӷֿ֮ʼѰСӡ֮Ҷ׷СӶһǿں档һӷʲôΥ涨ľٶǾͻ̽ӷС
ЩҶƺҵһ򵥵뷨ˡûвȡΪεĴʩԤҵЩжҪЩ굱صĸһЩȵȡҸһ֮ŻῪչԼԺļƻ
ȻҹɫıӷǵɧԽԽԽˣҶȴܹоеĿ־ѾʱŶǿˡͬʱҶԼҲܹоҹп϶иǿĵ˳ǵߵС
໡ҹĻĽ٣ɭǺԽܼһЩɭ֮пʼԡȽ϶ԣһЩǱڰеɱֲǸоµĴڡ
ಣಣಡĸ֪֮ڣһӷǿĵѾ𽥽ĸ֪ΧҶܹоµɱֵʵѾڱСˡɱѾֿܹķΧ֮⡣
ҶȴûΪҵ˻ѷôץô׸ɱ
ܿɱѾһ֧Сĸ
Ȼ͵Сӷʮεɧŵܵ˺࣬ҲЩС֮ΪƣġȻͼΪḻİ£ɱһֻϸ÷¹Ϊϵʳ
ھɱ𽥿ȥʱͺĶԱѾʼտ÷¹ˡ

ڻѵУ÷¹ϵķȻһ˵ζʱܹ÷¹һЩϣһֻ÷¹ζһЩˣĸȻԵķǳζ벻ǣΣվһѾԳǿˡ
ৡһ΢⼸Ķ
˲䣬Ѿ񾭽ļʱӵеʳȫԼվ
ǵߵһ޿ɶܵ䵽ǵм䡣
顱һɱһȭ㽫һֱӴΡתַһֱӽ˦ֻʣͻվڻԱˡ
֪ƺɱ֮ǰǸӷԵɱֳɱ۾ź̲ס˺˼Դʵ˭Ҫʲô
ȻɱֵǰԵʮֵɡɱû͵⣬Ƕֱʵûһ´Ӧɱְɣ
ʲô֣ǵѵʲôطûеͷӦɱֱǰֱеذ׵סĲЦʵ
ҡذ׵סҪ飬ͻǵһθܡҪشɱֵ⣬һ뵽̭ѵĿȫѪҺһ˲ˡ
û뵽ôСҲҵ˱ܣȻ㲻˵ӦҪһЩֶˣɱֿΪ־壬ŵͫףЩܵ˵
ʱͻȻоȫһһʼͣĲ
ֱȫԣǧеĸоֻɱֵưͷʹѡ
ǼˣȻоȫÿһ鼡⣬Ҫһѷĵӷи޾ʹֽӿȫ
顱һϵʹӵ޷Ҫʵʱɱ־Ȼɿ͸оһھ޴ʹеõ׽ѵҸо˿ֻҪɱֲܸղŵʹ࣬ѾԴӦɱֵκҪˡ
͵Ŀʼ仯ʱɱҲʱǰˣʵҲ֪ҵ˰ץ޷ҪΪϸɱ֣δĳܵʹ໹кܹܶܶ࣬ǻؾʲôطߣҲɱ㣬һǮߡ
ʱͿԻļ磬ȥҪȥκεط϶ǿһٱ㲻ϵĻ·һҲôʹ죬ҲСԼжӦûѡɣѾ¶ԽԽĿ־壬ɱֿʼתеذ͵֮ϣͣв
ҽͣѵڵλáҪ˵һλõʱ͵һͻȻ뵽һָΪµĿܡһת뷨ıԼľʼЦǸλþı󣬹
ɱֻΪԼܹõҪĴ𰸡ͻȻ;ȻˣԼһֻٴ͵ࡣ֮֮͵ȫʼðաһֱͱ׵ΣıԵʱɱֲֹͣ˶ĳͷ
ֿʼԵڶͬĿ顣
ɱָоϲǣڶ־ƺҪԴһЩողȡһЩݶĴʩѾˡûеȵɱʻһ߿ޣһָѵصλÿ޺ţʲô˵㲻Ҫɱң
Ļ˵꣬Ҷױ㿴ɱѾͷ
ò˵ļǳĺã̫޷ǿʳȥڸֵ˭أɱȡͷ­ʱ򣬾Ҷ׶ûпôֵģ·ĶΪ˵ͷġ
ˣˣɱƺԱǸЩȽϸȤ㽫˹


ڶʮ ڶ
ɱֵĶСеĵ껺Ҳѹһǰɱֱ㲻ԾĳߵıȥʱѾûκεĻ
ʱɱѾʼʻˡ
Сӣ㿴ͬ𣿡
ǾΪûкúûشҵ⣬пֶθĥˣһɵͷ­ƺҪһҪʵһЩźáѹɱһѪԵͷ­¶пЦ˵
ʱҶ׿ǵڶɱѾҵ˶СڵλˣɱѾ޿ڵĵطˡ
һеһжԤеޱȵǺϣҲ˵һжΪΪ־ʱ򣬿ǶҼΪҳϡ

ҶһСڵĻ֮ϣȻһ硣һԭȼյһȻϨˡҶ׾ͿһӰԼߡ
ɱֵŴγ֣֮⣬ļԱɱַ׷״Ρֵĺҹоֻʣɱ֮以ˡ
ˣĶͬ׷ױҴҲûκοֻŵı飬ò˵ҼõˣɱִԼĿڴȡһѷذԼ֮ϲͣĦšѷذ׵ĻζҶ֮ľҲԽԽˡ
Ҷܹоɱֵƶһذ˵ʲôʱͻеԼĲ֮ϡ
ѾµʲôˣΪܹϵõõĴ𣿡ɱֻıƵһŴ֮£ҶȻŲæ˵
ŶҶ׵ĻɱЩŵľȵ̾˿ֽ˵ô˵֪˭ˣ
Сӣ̫еʱ򷴶ŶҶ׺ŵı飬ɱٴѵ
ǵѵصİɣҶͻȻʵ
Ҷ׵Ļɱһʱ侹Ȼ֪˵ʲôԥһ£ֱӽҶ״ιȥſʼĲȥҶСļˡ
һϹȥԭȥ̭ѵֻʣ²һܹоͰҶס͡ǡһ̭ѵзߵѵꡣ
뿪ɭ֮һαĵǰ
û뵽ĸȻ˳̭ͨѵܲҲִֻеĵһ֮ǵкܶ࣬ϣܹһֱȥֻҪܹȥǵδһ޹ġĸ΢һÿγ֮ı㽫Ǵһס
ܹʮǴźɫ·ߡǲͬǣЩ϶ӡһ֣ڴŵȫûֵ·Ȼͬ
⼸еһЦ˵һڵļһ˵һǿѧԱһ㶼Ǳ񾳳ڣСɵʵЩ˵䶼Ѿʮ࣬ʮˣ
鵤ɵ۷壬벽ǿߣһ䶼ڶʮңҲʮġ
֮⣬Щ˵ʵ鵤ڣһֱ鵤ɣԿֵѧԱҪԽԶԽá
ȻֹѧԱ֮以ɱһ뿪СУǵ޹ˣһ˵һߴĸ뵽һƬݵÿһ궼һԺ䣬ÿһԺ֮䶼һľ롣
ǵסеɱнеģǵĵһǽɽȥɱޣֻҪɱ㹻ޣȡԿףǾܹнˡ
ڴ֮ǰǵжҪܵƵģǼȥɣĴҶһСݶǷյġ
ЩСݲûжԺ䣬һȴûУӶȫܷһһг潫򿪣Ļ޷뿪ġ
ˣһЩ򵥵ĹǿȥиõҲһһ仰ҪǣڿʼѾҵˣһǱұץסĻǽܵĳͷ˵꣬ı㽫ǼһһСݵС
ǺǣСһû뵽Ȼ뿪ʥԺǻûвп
ȻҪʥԺѪζŨһЩǸκθ˵ԸڸոսһƬסʱҶ׾ͷÿһŴֺµ沿鶼ޱȵ䣬ǻµĻЩ˾װΪʬҲ֡
˵ˣЩѾɱ֣ʿһǿǱѵԴֻװЧҵ飬Ѿһɶˡ
ҵõ֮ӦɱһȽǿٱģ̵ʱȥ񣡡ȻСݵУҶ׵˼Ȼڲͣ˼ܹӽҵĸ߲㣬ҵƵҩʦ
ˣȻҪ׷ԼúϢһ졣
ܿһʱȥˣСݵĴű򿪣һƴ۵Ҳ䵽Ҷ׵ϡ͸Щǿҳ̶ȣҶܹжϳӦû糿ѡ
߳ԼСݣҶܹѾжʮѾۼһƬյ֮ϡЩʵڹԪɵ۷֮䡣Ȼûд츳һЩͨ˵ѾǾˡ
Ҷ״Щ¶ãȻܹĳЩ궼һ֮ڲűתƵġ֪ÿ¶½طŪϰٸѵʱ½ʮ۹š
ҾʥԺ˵ڵʥԺҲ½ʥԺһԺѡ½뻹һΪǿʥԺܹȥ½֮ΪĴڡȽ϶ԣڵʥԺԵúһˡ
жʮ걻ۼһƬյ֮֮ǰǼıǿٴγǵߵСЩһľ΢ЦЦ˵һʱѾȥˣǶ֮ǰ̭ѵѧҲӦһʶǵڶִĻᡣ
һжУǵɱѩɽԳÿɱһֻͨѩɽԳǽһ֣Ĳзۻ֣ԴƣɱѩɽԳĵõĽҲࡣ
ҿʼȥִˣĽӡϢֽŷ˳ȥ֮󣬱㿪ʼЩ̤ϵڶó̡
˵ӣ񼸺ûʲôѶȡǵʱ򣬲ŷԶԶ˵Ҫ


ڶʮ ѩ
ȻĵĻУֻǽ赭д˵˼䣬ǳһǸľжϣЩѩɽԳȴôСܹɱһֻĴڡ
׼ȷ˵ɱ޽ѩһֳѩɽѩɽԳ
ΪѩɽڶӵĻ֮ؾЩѩɽԳһͷǳǿ
˳ʱһֻͨѩʵ൱һԪСɵߡһЩǿ׳İѩǵʵǿ鵤֣ǿİʵԱһЩ鵤۷ĸ֡
ˣټЩѩһǳѩɽǵȽ˵ͨҪǿһ˵һʵ൱鵤۷İͿԶԿ񾳳ڣǱСɵǿߡ
Ұѩͨϰֻۼһͬģ˴ַ֮ǳŽᣬǽɽɱ޵Ķ֮һҲԽѶȵġ
οʱһֱԱ߼ලǵǿ߳ǾԲְǵġĻִѶȵܻήЩġ
һ񣬵ҵȴûİ·ϱơ
ǽѩɽ֮ǰ⽫Ƥ·һЩ˵ҩǣÿܹһıϡеƷȥ֮ſʼǰ·Щһɽ·һɽȥ
һжִеһ̭ѵͬǣһ߸·ʱҲ𽥿ʼǽѵصܹõôƺǹһЩݣǴʼʶѵصļֵ
ʱҶܹоЩ궼һЩС壬һЩƶеꡣǵȻҲһЩԸǸҪӳصԼļСֻǼÿ˶ܹоǰĺ֮⣬ҿ϶Ҳеǿ𿴹ǣֹǳκ
߳ѵظĴ֣ԽԽĸߴľͳȺӵ޿ʼǵĸĵʼһô۵ơ
ЩڸܵһϵϢ֮ƺЩĵǸǻһ֮󣬲뿪ǵĻΧ֮ڳطȥ
Ҷ׾ĵľ벻Ҳܹĸоһ֮ŹֵķЩֻܹԶԶĹǣη壬ȴҷκν
߹ïܵɭ֮Խǰɭֵе¶ȾԽ߽ͣһϿ֮ڡ
˵һϿ֮ѾˣһһϿ֮ڶʱϿֱ֮ºͶˡϿ¶ѾܹǺ䣬ֱϺˡ
˵ϺĻ֮£һڿˮڷжɱġ
һ뵽Ͽ֮ڣǱоӭĴ̹ǺֱӽϴŵĺƤ򴩡ĺֱӴ̽ǵ棬ȫѪҺűᣬ
ǲǼʱת嵱еĹ»û߽ϿȾͻᱻĺ綳ɱˡ
ҶҲܹڶ֮л겻ηϺԽӵǵ״̬Խá⼸˵ȴûкһͨһ̭ѵꡣ
Ҫִĵصǰ幫ĵطǾʱϢһ£ǾҪȥִˣ
ҿɾǣִУ˳ûܱץסĻ̾ͻᱻģĴҵһ޴ɽɽ¶ȻҲܵͣǱϻ֮¶ȴǱɽҪ߳ࡣ
Ϊɽ¶ȼͣ궼ǿҵĺιɽкܶɿݵľЩɲȻ࣬ǿȹһˡָǽһЩ֮ĺɽĶڿʼϢ
Ϣʽֻ֣һɾĵطվͿϢһˡЩѧԱмʢȡůҲϺҶ׶¶ȴʼձһν̬ȡ
ʱһЩ꿿ҶףĵʵǣҿЩ˵Ƚ˳ۣҪȻҵСܰɣ㣡
ָָһ꣬˼˵ѾһСˡ
ӣҶĵҡҡͷװ˯һط
꿴ҶûȤܵȽƵ߿ʼ˵һʱӣСŶӾȻˣռжʮе֮һǼ鵱츳ȽϰμļȴûһǵС顣
Ҷ׻Ҫ˯һʱͺͶǴһΧ˹
ҶףǶһ̭ͨѵģоһСɡ˵ͣԸȽϴ˵ҲǸһֺŵĸоԸԱȽϿʸһʱӡ
ò˵Ҷ׶˵Ӱ춼һ뵽϶ҪһɱһȷʵԶһ˵ͷͬ
㲻˵Ϊǲ֣ǵʵȴҲǱһʵҪǿϲ١Ҷ׵غϳЩ굱иͻԵ˵Ķ齨֮󣬱Щ֮һӪϵ֡
һЩûӪ꿪ʼ£һ뵽Ҷ׵СӵС
һԸ񱣬һ߹ͺƨһҶ׵ĸǰҲϲҲ˵룬һֱʮĮӡһ͸ӹŹˣ߹ͰҶףҶ׹ϵ磬Ǿǲ˵һ仰Զ˱ֳһʮֲмӡ
Ȼֹǳ죬ǵʵȷʵ֮ΪͺͶǵʵҪǿһӡ
ͺͶǶԼҶΪסҶû˵ʲôҲֻþôϡͿĺദˡ
ֵʱ򣬼һҲûгʲô״ܿʱ㵽˵ڶϡ
һ磬󲿷궼û˯ѵʱѾʼ϶ˡ
һӵʱ䣬ЩѾʼĶγĵǰ
ЩֵĻҲ΢οĵ˵ͷ˵콫ִеĵڶÿɱһֻѩɽԳǾܹõһ֣õʮǽɵȨ
һ֧Сɱģôɱĳɹᱻƽ֣Ȱò̫֯ӴĶ飬ĻǵѩɽԳҲɱӵģĿѾ£һİ˾Ÿ꣬ʱ̲סЦ˵


ڶʮ ׶Գ
ˣǾͳҪݽֽ֮һЩעڶ뿪޴ĶѨһϺϿȵȥ
ڵλþѩɽԳסĵطûжԶľ롣ΪмӵĻ᫵ĵ·ǵٶȲͣķ
һʱʱ䣬ǲðԽԽĺߵϿȵľͷ
Ϊһ޴ϵ赲һ·֮ϳܵǼһ뻹ࡣ
ϿȵľͷһƬѩɫѩЩѩӨ͸һŰɫȹڵŮһۼǵǰһޱõĸо
ѩһ𣬸ǴƬŹâĺһ˵չֳɫĹʡЩѩ͸ģǷĹâȻЩҫۣȴۣ赲ǵߡ
֮⣬ƬƬѩмһޱȸߴĺɽ塣ЩɽߵǧףҲסÿɽ֮ǧ׵ļʮɽͺһӶʿһһ׼ųսԼĵһ򾡡
һЩɽųĹâе궼ܹЩɽ֮ϸоһɹɱ
ΪϺЩ׳ɽ֮ϳ˸źĺѩ֮⣬дҲͬһ޴Ģһһɽ嶥ˣЩɽεһγһβƵ塣
֮⣬ѩŸߵɽһֱ쵽ЩɽĶˣһɽҲͬһİɫˮȹ
Ҳˮջļڣʱѩɽ֮ϵѩɽԳĶࡣ
Ϊˮһɽų˸ָǿޣѩɽԳһ֡
ЩԳһЩ͸ߴģЩСһЩΪԵʣЩ͸ߴѩɽԳȫżӲףԵøͺ
ڶѩɽԳﵱУҲһЩԳͷСͨվЩߴѩɽԳϣһǳĸЩСѩɽԳһȨһı׶Ϊʥϡ֮⣬ǵı󻹳һ˫ƳһĶ
ߵϿȾͷʱ򣬰ǰǲ߰ΰɽ壬ÿһɽ֮϶סɰǧֻѩɽԳЩԳͨǼжٻеʮѩɽԳһж
ӿѵЩѧԱˡ
һһɽ壬ôǱЩѩɽԳ﷢ֵļǴӡǷɢΪɢǱɱļʻ
վѩɽ֮ЩѧԱһ岻ӡ
ûãѩֵ¶Ҳʼ½ࡣ֮Ͽʼ¶ëѩе궼оһɹɸǿĺ⿪ʼٵǵˣЩ궼оһɹǿҵĺ⡣
ЩôҲѲĺ⣬ЩоһǰδеΣСܹоһԶԶҪ࣬һ˿ܻ
ʱһѧԱŷ˵ˡЩ˵ʵǿģѾ޽ӽ鵤ˡĸͬ꣬ǹԪɡСɣ˵ʸ
λﲻΪ񣬴ӶõʸֻҪѡһѩɽԳȽٵɽȥͿˣûбҪ۵ۡ
ȻĻǻûбЩѩɽԳɱȱĺˣĻһϲǵѪůһ壬ܱǰװ׶ǿȻŷƵĻ˵ʮֵĺݶĶȴżֵġ
˵ЩݻŷƿЩ껹ԥԼ˵һеһѩɽ˹ȥ˿ʼѩɽˣҲǻĸں档
ʱ֮еѩҲԽԽ󣬲һӵʱЩϱһðѩɵ·ǻܵʱһֱǿĺѾʧӰ١ھֻʣЩˡ
ˣǿԲˣ֪˶ãһ޷Ƶգʼƴĳԭ·ʼءûܶãͿһâһƬѩ֮зֱӽԪСͷ
ͷ­룬ѪҲһءһʻǵǰˡ
һӰǵǰ΢˼±ʧӰ١
¸¸£Щ˶ָҵ۾ߣĻǻĺܲҵģʧЩҲӰ
߰ɣҶ׵СЩ˵м䣬Ǹܵ걻ɱҲûаĸоǼĶԱѩɽ֮ȥ
һɽвѾܹʮѩɽԳߵˡεǽѩɽԳɱȡЩѩɽԳͷһɫľ塣˵ⴿɫľ龧ЩѩɽԳȫΪĵط
ɱŷƴߵĸһЩѩɽԳһȥ
ѩɽԳҲŷǳĵȼƶȡԽǿѩɽԳסλþԽߡͨɽвסĶǼΪͨѩɽԳѩɽԳֻҪŷһ˾ܹȫɱϧЩѩɽԳȴҲ龧
ŷһɱ߰˸ѩɽԳȴûзԼҪĶʱŭĽһԳͷ­
꿪ʼԽŷƵСӳѩ֮ʵǡǿԽԽѩɽԳȽ϶ЩѩɽԳȽ֮£Եøӵǿ׳һ׵ѩɽԳǵǰˡ
ô죿ɱֶʼɱȥͺͶʼոҶ׵Щӵʵ
Ҷ֪ڵΪΣգ̫ױɳͷ񣬱ѩɽԳɱġǸЩǿºŪһö龧Ļǵͺɡ
һʧȥĻᣬ¶˵һӼѵġҶһֱСڶм䡣һԶѩɽԳȺǾͻӺ油ɽڳΪСӵڻҡ
ѩɽ֮ʵǣԽѩɽԳҲӵСһ֧ʮֻԶɽԳȺ壬ЩѩɽԳﵱѾܹű׶СѩɽԳˡ
ʲôֻЩű׶ѩɽԳĶͷбһεЩˣЩ겻ɱѩɽԳ𽥵ķͨѩɽԳĶͷûѰҵƷ
ǾķֱÿһֻѩɽԳﶼеģǴЩͷСȴЩǿѩɽԳﱣЩű׶ѩɽԳĶͷһѩɽԳﵱокüĴڡ
˶Ҫܣ֧飬һ֧һ֧Ա֧Ԯǲ˵Ļȥ궼ƴصĳһȺѩɽԳʱһͻȻ


ڶʮ ѩɽս
ֻͨĹЩٲսûʲôáΪȻСĵӣڼ嵱һǱӵꡣǾȻԼͬԼָӣûмľô˵
ִֿܹǿ˵ǽǰȴԵޱȵС
һͬǺһЩеʱƺץסһݿʼʮֻѩɽԳĳ֮¿ʼֳ顣
һ֧ƴֵЩѩɽԳĳһ꿪ʼЩѩɽԳ֮нƴɱ¾
һԳﵱУտʼĶһЩΪͨѩɽԳȻҲǴźףЩԷǳĴ׾ͻᱻЩɱ
ԽԽѩɽԳﲹЩѩɽԳԵǿˡЩű׶Գ˫ԳΪֻԳλһģǵս֮ǰͨԳ
Щ˫Գɱսʱ˫Ľս
žһһʮڵһ걻һֻǿ׳ѩɽԳֱķɳȥȫĹͷ飬ѪɽĵǡʬոڵϾѾΪ顣
ôˣոջʻת֮ѾʬֱҲ¶һãȻı顣

һǵǰֱһ걻ɱĲҽ֮Ļ겻塣
˿̣ǵߵУһͬߵķһֱײһŴ֮ϡ屻ķɳȥײѩֱ֮ӱײѪģգ֮ԭѪģѾϺѩˡ
ò˵ǿˣЩڸܵһʻǵǰʧ֮֮Ĭ̶ȺŽ̶Ҳʼв£ֱֳơ
һɱ֮£ԭʮ걻̭˼ֻ֮ʣ¸ոչʮˡѩɽԳǱʧĸ࣬Ѿʧȥ˲ʮͷǿ׳ѩɽԳԭһȺѩɽԳֻʣʮ˾ֻѩɽԳֻ˫ѩɽԳˡ
ֻ˫ѩɽԳﵱУһϵı׶Գʼմڶ棬ͬЩѩɽԳһָѩɽԳս
Ҷܹоϵı׶ԳڿԼಿԱʱ򣬲ûа㾪ţһޱ򶨵ı顣
µûĻЩҪȡͷһöͬʱҲҪЩĥµЩǿ׳ѩɽԳ
ܹĳһν֮ѩɽԳʧҪصĶࡣֹܹһѩɽԳϵϢ֮ǰҪ࣬Щǿ׳ѩɽԳͷȻһ΢ӷ׵ŧ
Ҷûв´ĻЩŧҪӦþЩű׶СԳˡ
¸£СһĲ²ûЩСѩɽԳЩǿ׳ѩɽԳԭһģǿ˵һͬ壬һһҲɣоҶѾеİأʮָп˵
ۡ˷ֱ𳷳սʼжݵ֮ϵı׶Գһη
һγǰĶЩΪǿ׳ѩɽԳЩ˫ԳҲǸЩǿ׳ѩɽԳı󣬲ͣĽŸΪ͵Զ̽
ಡһ׶ӱ׶ԳеȨȵзһӨ͸ĻһЩ塣
Щű׶ѩɽԳ࣬ǵĽȴϢ׵ģԵ˫ٴλƴһʱЩ׶ԳÿһιԵΪ
ۡһ׶ԳһмͻϮزڱһö׶ֱӴ̴ѪոͱᡣǼˣ౻ֱӴ̴ҲûмĿܡ
˼ȰЩ׶Գɱʱ֮ǰǸٴη
ܹоʵ˵ȻģƺμӹӶĶ飬սһ츳֮ǰԱȡѩɽԳˣָӵõĳɹ˶ֶһΡ
Ȼһ£ڶ궼ʼ¾£һʼЩ׶Գһֻϵı׶ԳڸоһǿѹѾʼѩɽԳ￪ʼˡ
ȻǴƣǳ˵ٶʮֵĻϵı׶Գʼձһޱȳȵ̬ȣƺڵȴЩѩɽԳһֵɱ䣬ӭһֵķ
ͻȻҶ׿һѩɽԳͷŧѣһªĶ濪ʼվһӾжϳЩѩɽԳڵȴʲôˡ
ҲܹˣЩѩɽԳﵱѾиı׶ԳﵮˣЩѩɽԳȫ׶ԳĻЩ˶ҪˣЩѩɽԳı仯Ҷ̲ס
ʱѾѩɽԳϷ˱仯һޱȳªСĶǵļͷվܿЩªĶһʼǵ忴ȻʮֵСܹĳѾ׶ԳѾûʲô̫ˡ
׶Գɳ֮һ΢ı׶ҲһľۼǵѸգ֮䣬ЩѩɽԳս˲١
ಡ
ű׶ԳӣЩҲ𽥵ʧǱҪЩѩɽԳﾡһ˶ˡ
ֵܼھĻᣬһɱȥԽԽ׶ԳγɣһֱڶǰĶŷƿʼ˷֪ԼܹõЩɵĻͻӣʱҲǱ׶Գֵ࣬ʱ
ڶŷһ£ļҲȥ
ۡһߵһ껹Ǳһ׶ֱӴ̴壬ֱӵڴѩ֮ˡҲǸŷƺȡһߵĻᡣ
ʱŷѾЩǿ׳ѩɽԳﵱУЩ˫ԳľҲʮԶˡ
ҲȥŷȥʮҲǺʾĴӺȥ
Ҫ֪ЩѩɽԳﲻϵı仯һȺѩɽԳﵱѾ˲ʮ׶ԳˡֻҪŬһЩұ֤Լܹڻ֮еõһö
ֱɽŷһЩǿ׳ԳﵱУٶȶ˲٣Ҳ֮ǰӡ
ǰֻһ㽫һѩɽԳһ첲ϡһתֱƵһֻ׶Գĸǰ
Ȼһֻ׶ԳոյãǴĿľֱ黹ܹĳѾ߱һЩǻ
׶ԳһУͬǿ׳ѩɽԳ͵Ծһ£һź׵ֱͬһִİһݺݵŷƵ塣һı׶ӱ׶Գз


ڶʮ ɱ׶Գ
һı׶ŷѾû·
ǰʱ׶ԳҲѾˡһ˺ܻܿᱻ׶Գзı׶壬ֱӱѪ«
˿̣һǿΣӿͷ
Ϻӣڱ׶Ҫ̽ʱ򣬶ŷƽȫȫעֱ֮ϡֱıһɫĵâиֵ֮Ϸ
˲䣬ŷźĵâӭı׶ݺݵײһֱڰ֮нһ׶նķ顣ͬʱҲ˫ֽոֵ˦˰֮СһҲ׶Գﴦͬһˮƽˡ
Ҫ߶ĲӣһֱЩ׶ԳѹƣŷѾһл׶ԳӴȻŹᡣ
ڰз裬˫ҲǺݺݵ׶ԳľΪŷһֺֿ죬׶ԳŸոյãӦٶԳı׶Գﻹǲ˺ܶ࣬Զŷһű㽫׶ԳĲֱ߶ϡһҽУ޴ѩɽԳҲű׶Գȥֱӵ˵ϡ
һֻѩɽԳﵹ£ŷۼֿ죬ֱõ׶Գͷı㳯˫Գɱ˹ȥ
ʱҶҲǴļԱӺĵĸ
Ҷ׵˼뵽ս֮ҲǽѩɽԳսĻ
ҶͯǱȥӽֻѩɽԳǱ뾡ɱ񣡡ԽԽѩɽԳﱻΧסһֱҶͺͶǶʱżԸȻʼմһ֧Сӵĩβʼû뿪Ҷܱʮ׵ľ롣
սһʱ䣬𡱵һִ֪һѩɽԳŭ𡣽ѩصĻζڶͷ˫ԳҲǱΧɱ
һͷ׶ԳͷıʱΪ֮ʱڶᡣԱ߻ѩɽԳﻢΧǣǻΪһö龧Ա˴˴֡
ʱҶҲ𽥿˾Լһֻ˫Գ
ΪСӵĸ˵ڻ˫Գʱ򣬳ܵѹҲҪҪٺܶࡣ
ŷһҶڳ˫ԳʱҲܵķ񷴻ŷƲͬǣһͷ˫ԳڿҶʮֵʱֱӴֱײҶסͬʱһöı׶ҲǴһֻ׶Գз
Ҷ׵յʮɵı㽫һֻ׶նƬѩɽԳײһƯѩɽԳߡиֵһߵĻ׶Գһͷ­ҲǱҶֱһ
ű׶ԳͷһöҲǱҶ״ӱ׶ԳĶͷߡҶһĶļһǳɣȱ
ֿʼһֻ˫Գڵλÿ£ȥ
ձ˴֮以ﻥԭһӦðɱһֻյı׶Գˡ
ֻܹǸṩһ΢ȫĻɱѡ
ҶȣȻ͵Ҫ΢һЩɱһֻ׶Գʱ˫֮лǳ˽źͿ־壬ƺ⼸ǲɵ
ɽг˿־󣬵һֻѩɽԳʱ˫ŵĸֵȴ˿˼һֱӭı׶ű׶÷飬ǿ׳ѩɽԳҲǻǿ׳ֱۺݺݵĴ͵塣
䡱һ˫ֽסֵոս׶ķ顣ű׶飬͵Ҳǿ׳ѩɽԳֱۺݺݵײһ͵Ƭ֮ͱ˳ȥ
һ͵ѾɳԶʱ͵еĸֵ档ʱһӺ油ȻЩ䣬Ҷ׻һЩٶȴͬһ硣
ۡһͷ˫ԳｫʹɳȥûзӳʱеĸֵѾ׽׶Գͷ­׿
˫Գĵ£ѩɽԳȺ֮һǿĴڡ
սļңʣЩʮֻѩɽԳﶼѾʼɽ˫Գһת䡣
ͣû°ɣֻǱѩɽԳһֱɨ˳ȥİҲѾԡҶ׷ʱҶܹо˿̵Ѿ䣬ѾıԵһ
ܵ״Ҷ׸ϽԼڴҩ͵ĿСʹڽҩ֮󣬲ŸоָһЩȶȡֿܿԻָսˡ
ʵܵ˺ûôأֻΪ¶̫ͣһĹ޷תѪҺҲ̡ĸǴŵҩдǿԴٽѪҺĿǾڵ
ǺãǼɱѩɽԳɣҶ˵˶ɱѩɽԳõĻᡣһ֧С΢һ¾ֿʼһֻ˫ԳǱ߳ɱȥ
СӵĹÿ˸һλɱ˫ԳĻᣬһһʧܾɵڶ油ȥԴơһʧˣֻܹһֵʱܹ֡һֱʧܾ൱ʧȥ˻ñĻᡣ
һ˽һֻ˫ԳΧסֵǶǡ
Ϊȡʧܵľ飬жʱԵرСġڱ׶ҪʱֱӲƴǽԼٶһٽĳ̶ȣ΢׶ֿԼѩɽԳĹ
Ȼͬһոճһͷ˫Գʱһޱȷı׶ӭǵյ΢΢һתԼеĸֵ΢ıһ׶ķй켣ѾƶĽŲѩɽԳһࡣ
˿̱׶ԳҲע⵽˶ǵͼֹһ䣬ǿѩɽԳת壬͵һƱ˶ǡ͵һֱѩɽԳֱ֮ϡ
һŵѩɽԳֱֱ֮ӽѩɽԳ֮ϣиֵĺһޱȵĵâֱй׶Գ壬İ嶼
飡ʱѩɽԳ֮ǰһֱӽǵСȻһǲֻ֮еĶǵ壬ǶȴҲΪһ˲С˺
׶ԳİѾиҶһ֮ǰ˹ȥ
˿곯ҶΧ˹ǵĿ궼Ƕɱͷ׶Գ塣
ɢ꼸Ҷͬһʱı׶ԳĸǰҶ׻һ֮ǰﵽ
ͬʱҶҲƴ֮еɿת뵽ֵϵһͬһĵâֱӽС
еĸֵ̽ǵâ統б׷ˣҶ׺ܿҲǽӱ׶ԳĶͷȡ


ڶʮ ɱ׶Գ
úãӦõõģ׶ԳͷıȡֻᣬҶױ»ص鵱нһöϾݸ˶ǡ΢΢һ㶻ǽһöպãŽԼĿڴ
һѾֵС֮еɱˡ
ΪѩɽԳļټ٣˿̸ֵѹĸԽԽɣܵѹȴ˿ûм١
ǶǰķӦ˭ܹĳӦһζĺûᣬԾոûʱ
ಡһոճȥʱһޱȷı׶ӱ׶Գз˫յݺݵһ׶һű׶飬ٴοѩɽԳͬʱѩɽԳһ޴ֱҲǺݺݵ塣
϶ѡ㿪һֻѩɽԳĽѡķȥɱ׶Գ겻ûж˫սֱֵӶѩɽԳһź׵Ĵ׳ֱۡ
ͿеĸֱֵӴ̽ѩɽԳֱ֮ϵһ㡣иֵâɿתһֻѩɽԳֱϵı׾Ȼֱӱ˿һȱڡиֵҲǴѩɽԳֱ֮ϻһȱڣֱӴ˽ȥѩɽԳһֱ۱ֱӱеĸֱֵ
ٴγ׶Գʱ򣬱׶ԳѾ׼˵ڶ׶ˡ
ಡһһ׶Ǳ׶ԳٴηֱꡣΪһֻ׶Գʱ̫̣ľǳǳһ׶Ȼƫˡ
ƺԤϣ겢ûжֱһ˱׶Գǰ
˿Ѿ׶Գ̬
иֵѩɽԳͷıֱӱ˹һץһöȵС
ҶĹԵøӵǿƣκηӦĻᡣ
׼ɱ˫ԳˣǵĻɱȻһЩҲս֮Ǹȷʵս֮лɱ˫ԳõǶͷı
ս½սֻʣĸ˫Գˡĸ˫ԳﵱоǸϵı׶ԳС
ȻսѾе̶ֳȣֻϵı׶Գﱻ˫Գﱣں棬Ȼֳһޱȳȵӡ
΢ԥҶܹĳ˿̵ѾҪѩɽطˡ
ǰȻʮĽܵ·߷ϵı׶ԳԵЩԥ
ûϵı׶Գ׾ʱѾʮŰΧǰǶŷƺꡣ⼸һֱһȡ
Ȼֻĸˣǳ˶ŷѾõö֮⣬ҲǸԻһöһһ֧СŶӱøӵŽᣬŷƵĿһϱ׶ԳͷĴ
ڶŷƵһȥʱʣµļСҲʼ֯ĿĶԸѩɽԳҶһСѡǳϵı׶Գ֮һǿ˫Գ
ءһϵı׶Գ֪Լһ֮ս⣬͵ķһĺ֮µǿ׳ѩɽԳҲ׳˫ȣɿĳǸĸķɱȥ
ڼ䣬һöö׶ϵı׶ԳвͣļȻÿһ׶΢ͣһ£һЩı׶ԳͶ׶ٶҪ΢һЩÿһ֧׶ĴĽǶһץסǻ϶ǡ
һǱ׶ҪֱӾͻѪ«ѩ֮гġټһֻѩɽԳɽ֮вͣƶϱ׶ԳƶٶȡǶŷƳɱǰҲѴֵκκô
һŷƵ˾Ȼֻܹϵı׶ԳĺԻңöŷƿʼЩջ
Ƚ֮£ҶߵսԵø˳һЩ
ಡһ׶ӱ׶Գзɿķÿͻһ׶ӱ׶Գзȥ
Ǽһֻ˫ԳﻹǺİ֮ռκαˡѾԽԽ
һֻ˫ԳѾǱƵǵʱҶΪ֮ǿĴڣڿʼ˫Գ塣
𡱵һ˫Գ￴Ҷ׿ʼĸǰҲ͵ĺһһֱͬһִһɨűҶһࡣ
ƴĻҶ׿϶Ȳ˫ԳҶ׻˫ͷֵøֵĵ潫ѩɽԳ︲ű׵ֱ۸Ÿֵ֮ðĴ𻨣Ҷ׵ǿֲܹѩɽԳɡ
ʱĸ˷ʼΧһֻѩɽԳ
ಡһһľȻǶ֮ٶȱȽϿꡣޱȵĹ죬ոѩɽԳĸǰӰһȻסľƵѩɽԳ
͵ĳһзֱն׶Գı󡣶ʱһҲǴ
һֻѩɽԳｫҶƿʱǸ߾һֱۺݺݵꡣ
һٶȱȽϿһڱ׶ԳϡԭΪԼһ϶ܹ׶Գֱ롣뵽ǣ׶ԳȫȻ⡣һȻǿһƼӲĶϡ
žžž΢΢һ㶣ǿ׶Գ汬ȥеĸֵȻ׶Գϡ׶Գ΢ɶһ£һֱֻ۾Ȼܹͬʱһı׶ҲǴһֱ֮۳
ಡһһ׶ֱٶȱȽϿꡣ
ۡȻ׶Գеı׶û꣬Ҳ㽫˳ȥ
ʱһ˫ֽյĸֵҲǿ׳ѩɽԳ׳ֱۺݺݵײһ
顱һҲǱǿ׳ѩɽԳֱ۵˳ȥʱͺͶҲǴѩɽԳԳһһֱӴѩɽԳ弫Ϊĵط
ۣۡƵ죬ѩɽԳǱ˷ֱ͸һѩɽԳܵش
ۡһӣž޴ʹѩɽԳ͵ĺһոջոֵͱ˦ɳȥ
յһֱȴҶҲǴһٴγ֡
ոѩɽԳ߶趯˫ۣ˳ѩɽԳıҶ͵Ծһֻ׶ԳҲǿ˳Ҷס

ڱ׶ԳﻹҪ۳׵ʱҲǱһɫдҶ׵֮չֱһֻ׶Գ֮ϡ
šۡһһֻ׶Գﻹû۳ףѾҶһֻŵĸֱֵӽͷ­ˡ
Ϊͷ׶Գǳǿ׳ҶһȥֱѪ


ڶʮ ѩɽԳͷ
Ҷһǽ׶Գͷ­£һѩɽԳͷ­Ҳ
ͨһһͷΪǿ׳ѩɽԳĵ£Ҳ΢΢Ĳһ¡һűѾҶС
һĿǸǿ˫ԳûĸҶױ㽫׶ԳͷıװԼĿڴ
꿴˿ҶҲĬΪǱ㳯һֻǿѩɽԳ߾£ȥ
˿̶ŷƺߵѾϵѩɽԳˣתˡϵı׶ԳԸɲˣ
ϵı׶Գץĸ˵һ޴ʱһޱȷı׶кݺݵ˳ȥ
ۡһһ׶ֱӴ̽һĴ֮ϡţм׶Գе漴
׶ͬʱ䣬ŷƺκ֧ԮĻᣬʱǿ׳ѩɽԳû˵ǰ
˸Ҫ֧ԮͿѩɽԳ͵ĻӶ׳ֱۡ
һһҽУͷֱӱѩɽԳĵķ顣˻ûе£ֻʣϰ廹ôĹڵˡ
ϵı׶ԳһӻɱĸһѹᡣûԥֱӳѩɽߵĵطȥʱҶ״ĸԱҲǴӺ׷
Ȼ֪ϵı׶Գ﾿ҪʲôЩ㲻ò²Ҳܹĵϵı׶Գ׶ԳȺʲôķӦˡǶܹһֻ˫Գߡ
û뵽ǣ˫Գֻƴ˲ǺԶһ·֮ͣžͿֻѩɽԳͬʱŴ쳯ѩĸ߳һĲҽ֮
ۡһޱȲҵֱӽɽıĻֱ죬Ǹϵı׶ԳɤӶѾơһѪѾɤ֮˳һֻһѩɽԳҲǸܵѩɽԳ͸֧һͷڵϡ
һҶ׺ͶŷƶЩ˵վԭء
ܿѩɽԳƺҲֻܵѩɽԳĲ׷״ѩɽĸߴ
䡭
ŵ治ͣ𶯵Ҷܹоѩɽ֮ϸѩɽԳϰֻ
ô죿ѩɽһֱҶ׶ǱȽεͺͶǶĿ⿴Ҷס
ʱҶ׿˿һֻѾӲͦͦڵϵ˫Գʬ壬ЩĴǳԭ·ءǶŷȴģڶѩɽԳѾʼѩɽ֮Ϸɱʱ򣬶ŷȻԼٶȳһֻѾ˫Գ
һֻ˫Գǰʱ򣬲ϰֻѩɽԳѾھһǧ׵ĵط
ڿôѩɽԳŷЩţһνǽϵѩɽԳĶͷȡƴĳԭ·ء˿һֱ빲Ÿһƴܡ
ʲôﻹһ֧ѩɽԳͷ죿ϰֻѩɽԳм䣬ͬһΧһֻ׶ߵѩɽԳʱҶҲ΢΢һ֪һѩɽԳķˡ
Ҷ׺ͶŷƵƴܵʱһЩǿʣı׶Գȫɱս
ǵǿŷƴ׷ϵϰѩɽԳʱЩһʱһΪսƷĶûĿʼѩɽ֮һЩ˵ĶԱûһ嵽˶ǰ档
ܳһξ֮󣬲һҽдԶ˵ѾϰֻѩɽԳȳˡ
ЩѩɽԳٶȴûаͣļһֱ׷ѩɽ֮£Щ꾹ȻһӵϵѩɽԳﳹ׵İΧ
֮ǰսˮƽЩᱻϰѩɽԳһɱһյģһһߵĴɱ
ǼˣЩ껹Ǳܵľ£һ׼ƴһˣ
ҶܹоһֱǸĺǲǾôġ
ۡһһͷѩɽԳͷ͵ķȫɱϰѩɽԳѾ͵ĳǿޱСꡣ
ȻʱĺӰٴγǰֻ֮ǰͬǣǿΪ˱ǻɱЩѩɽԳġ
˵ĵʵǿո䵽ϰѩɽԳǰ㽫еĸֵ͵ĺ˳ȥǿıһˮҲǴ˫ֽյĸֵ֮ȥ
Щһ㣬ˮһ࣬ӡǵЩˮһЩѩɽԳʱЩѩɽԳֱӾͱһе֫顣һѩɽԳ鵱ожʮѩɽԳֱӵѪСѩɽԳȻԸٶȲϰö׶ҲǴЩ׶Գз׷˳
ʩչԼǿɱ֮ҲǴıԾ֮Сһ죬һźƶɵĴʼɢһŴǽٱ׶ֻ߰׶Գͷ­ε˽ȥ
ֱ͵һգһŴ͵գۼ㽫׶Գͷ­иһӵһѩɽԳ˴롣
ʣµĲʮֻѩɽԳĶ飬ĺûȥᣬЩֻɱ
ͬʱҲǽǵĿȻʮֻѩɽԳﱣеԳͷ֮ϡ˿ԳͷҲǽĿݺݵĶΪǿࡣ
ۡһһֻԳͷ֮£ʮֻѩɽԳ׷׽ǵı׶׼񾳵ǿߡ
ûԳͷ´ʮֻ׶Գѵõһ׷׽еı׶˳ȥգ֮ǿ߼Ϳһٸ׶ɵı׶һʮֻ׶ԳƱǿߵ塣
ǸӸоǣһ׶ܹڰ֮΢תĳǿߣһ׶Ȼǿߵмһӷֳɷֱǿڵλɱȥ
һӵǿ߶Щֲ
ĵʵǿôǿı׶ʱֱֻǱ׶ޱȷâ΢һӣ˵һߡͲˡ
ʵһײͬʱһ׶ڲ֮ͣƴĳšϰٱ׶ƺʱܹͻķ͸ԭʹֱӴ̴ǧٿףһѪ«
ʱȫ֮ϾȻ˸һɫĹâ
һâޱȵͣд󲿷ֶΣĹ
һɫâΪΣյʱֱӽתƳȥ˱׶ɱΣա


ڶʮ ɱѩɽԳͷ

ٴĵߣ̲סһǶܸоǰΣѾǵΧҲǶܹ˳ŤתƣȥĻҲᱻЩѩɽԳɱġ
һ֮£ЩѩɽԳԳͷǳΪҪɱĿꡣһԳͷѩɽԳȻͲôŽᣬʱٻɱǾͻ׾ˡ
ǸԷֳֿ߳ѩɽԳĵԳͷɱȥ
ǿƴ̬УҶ׹о񲻵Щոս뵽ѵ˵Ҳǿ߱Ҫɵ
ΪʲôҵҪôأ
ǿʵǿκһѩɽԳͷ쵥ܹ׽ɱʮֻѩɽԳı֮£ҪɱһͷѩɽԳͷļʼΪ㣬ô౾ǿߵĸǰǼԱûС
Ǽ˻ҪɱѩɽԳͷԼĵһλ
ۡ
ȻѩɽԳͷڿǿֵ߳ʱҲ̾ǵͼǿֵ߳ʱһֱΧѩɽԳͷߵѩɽԳҲ̷ֱֳַǿ߽лɱ
˵֮ǿܹ֤ԼɱѾǳˡҪɱѩɽԳͷǸϼѡָֻܹЩոսѵصܹ񵱾콫ѩɽԳɱӶһЩϣ
ǿ߻ǿʱҶߵҲù
ΪǸովһɱԭЩ㣬ǰʮ˫Գʵ֮ǰ˫Գʵձ鶼Ҫ߳һЩοЩ˫ԳϺǳƽһÿһ궼ԼĶֻܹ֡ʵСѧԱԸһ˫Գ
ʱЩѧԱгͻƣĻǺһʤս֮лġ

սһʼеѧԱڲ̶֮ͣܵЩѩɽԳѹƣмѧԱܵ˿ҲԽԽˡ
ʱһڳܲסһֻ˫ԳķֱӱѩɽԳһȭز١ϵ߹ǶѩɽԳ򱬣Ҳ״飬ֱӵڵϳˡ
˻һ֮ǰǱȽǿô˫ԳһҲ¶һսľı飬һЩѾôɱһȱ֮ززˡ
ʱ֮ǰһֱָʤ˵ʮ̬վ˳λ֪Ǻܶ˶ΪǺܿһս֮ǷһλĻҺܻܿĸңܹλὫ֮еǱܷӳĻǻмȥĿܣ
ڱҪŽһ𣡡ٴκ
ƺ˵ĲûôȤֻٴζ꺰ҽʯ֮ǰҸһСӶĻ᳤ҸϴҲǻ˲پ飬֮ǰָܹӴһһЩɼҲǸôľܽһЩսϣܹң
ʯĺԽԽ꽥ĸоԼЩ֧ı֡
ʱŷ̲סʼʯһҶŷҲث֣һֱǰʯԸָӣ
ʲôǵеĵһŶԸʯָӣôǡŷƵĻһЩڷԼĿʼʯ߿£ˡ
Щı֣ʯԭЩʧҲǶһЩϣãǴһ򵥵ķͣȻٷֳһͺһ͡
ҪΪɱЩ˫ԳΪж˫ԳͶ˫Գ֮ϵڶ鵱ʯȥָͣӣܿѾ֯ϡ֮䲻ͣתˡ
ɱȻ֮Ǻܿͽ˫ԳﱻΧŷƺκҶ׾ѧԱ
˫ԳﱻΧ֮Ҷ׺Ͷŷƺ£ǿͽ˫Գɱ
һӵʱ䣬ʮֻ˫ԳﾹȻôһ֮ܿͽˡʱǿߵĴȴԽԽˡ
ͻƣŷΪЩ֮еٮٮߣһҵɱ֮Ҳ˳ӹԪ۷鵤һǵսԭеĻ֮һЩ
λҪڵЩѩɽԳĺǽͻȻϮĻȫҲܶǹκӰģɱʮֻѩɽԳ֮ʯĵĿǿߺѩɽԳս˿̲֮ס˵
ʱȻмҪûߣǱʯļ仰ԭҪܵͷϨˡ
Щ껹һЩҵʯ΢Щ˵Ҳ֪ΪʲôҪŽҵߣϣǿߺǵĴ֮࣬ǰҲ˳ߵģΪʲôûߣΪ֮϶иǿǿߣڸǣֻǷɶ˻ѣ
ηȣǳɱЩ˫Գмǿ߽ǰΣϣһЩʯһ׽ܵϨˡ
ʯĴ֮£ǿʼĳŴȺѩɽԳıȥе궼Ѿ״̬֮ʯһ£е궼ƴĳѩɽԳͷڵλóɱȥ
ǵжѶѩɽԳͷİȫӰ졣ǵĳҲʵѩɽԳͷ˫Գָӡ
ʱץסѩɽԳͷĸǰ
ǧһӵʱ֮ڣЩ˫Գ󲿷ֵĹЩ꼰ʱֵĻٹһʱʱͻᱻЩ˫ԳԺòץסᣬҲ㾡ȫȫ֮о󲿷ֵ䵽һеС
Ծʹ䵽еĸֵ֮ϣһâ΢õӰҲǴ˫ֽյĸֵ֮Ϸն
һâն䣬ѩɽԳ֮ҲǳԽԽ˿ڡһʵʻĵâͬһֱѩɽԳͷϵı׶Գ֮ϡ
ֻһһֻ׶Գ㱻롣
һʧȥͷ죬е˫ԳĶζûЩ˵ǵõһݵĻᡣ
һ֣ͣŷɱ¾Ǿ֮ǰԵС鶼ˡɱ۵ҶףһȻɱʮĸ׶ԳеѩɽԳﱻɱʱѾۼ˲ʮöˣ


ڶʮ ·
ѩɽԳͷ챻ɱ֮ʮֻ˫ԳＸҳһšһʱʱ䣬Щ˫ԳͱЩǿͳͳɱ
ս֮е궼оԼ͸֧ǿҲ۵ĵڵϲͣĴڴ
һս֮󣬼궼Ϊ֮ͻơҲΪҵսǸʱĶʮ˱ʮˣһСʣЩһҲǱˣҶ׵Ҳǲ˺ۣѪ
ΪЩܵ˺̫أǽеĵҩҲָһɶһǿ߻һЩҩϵĻǿߵչ£е궼üıֱ𻻵һЩ˵ҩ
򵥵Ϣ֮Ǵһ£ֽѩɽԳѪ⴦һװָ뿪һ걻ѩǣϺɽȡ
Ϊɽ򷴲뿪ɽȣܵ˿ҲµߵõһѵõĴϢᡣ
ͬʱǿҲΪһսЩ̬ҲǱ֮ǰ˺ܶࡣǸո뿪³ɽȣǿ߱Ӵָͳ˲ѩɽԳʬζ͡
Ϊһ·ǶǼ¶ޣ;ǾһжʮֻѩɽԳʬŽЩιǿҲǳԵ߲·ˡ
Ϣ˼ʱ֮ٴθ·־һʱ䣬Ҳ˳صѵء
߽Сеһ㳡֮ЩĵĴ֮¿ʼϽ֮еõıԱ㻻ȡ
ʮöһϽǶŷơڶŵУǱΪǿĴڡҲǴŲʮöϾΪöһ˵ҩܹʮöҲǲˡ
ˣǻ˿ѡȡʸͬʱΪΪ鵤ڣԭհ׵ĺɫ·ҲǱһӡֵĺɫװ
ǿǸŷƾ˵һ굱ǿģŪѧԱķͷҪŷ߲أŷƽ»ŷװ֮󣬽뵽˸ոշĶԺ䣬Ҳֹͣ˶ۣʼǵĿ⿴Ͻꡣ
ǸôôЩҶһִƷ촦½ƷʱԱ׼һЩѧԱҲǷ׷׽ͷӶ˵ڶŷߺЩѧԱҲǽǵĿⶢҶ׵ϡ
ҲЩҶôע굱մȾĻѪ࣬ܵ˿ҲġЩԹ۵ѧԱУҶ׵ʵ㲻ǵҲˡ
Ȼڼֱ𽻳Ʒֵ֮Ҷˡ
Ҵڴֻö˵һֵѧԱȻûвμӹɱѩɽԳ񣬵Ĳҳ̶ȴǷǳġҶ˵ĵʱҶ׵ı̬Ⱦ͸һЩ
ΪԼѾҶ׵õѹļ͵ʱɫһѧԱԱЩ˵ţ㻹ǿҳ龧ʯϽ
ѧԱĻţҲ΢΢һ㶣ǰѿ֩ĶעӦ֩룬Ҫ֪ܹٶõöôĲЩ̫ˣ
ţĻ˵꣬֩ʱЦţ֪ΪʲôһֱùΪĵ̫Сˣע𣿡
ãҲѹ龧ʯ֩ô̼ţҲĳ̲ס˵
ѧԱ׷ע֮һµѧԱ˹ĵ̲ס˵ĵôģҲҲע龧ʯȴǶϽıʮö
ѧԱĻǷţͿ֩룬һЩڿֵѧԱҲЦ
ǲԴëˣȻһô޴Ķעξ䶨ˣʼձһν̬ʱ򣬿֩ʱһֿ˵Ŀ˵
ƾôЦʱҶҲѾߵϵǰˡ
˾ͿҶ׿ʼӿڴȡһöö
һģ塭
һӷţͿ֩붼ˡǱˣھͿܲӮˡ
ö֮Ͻıʹﵽšߣˣš
һֱʮ˸ʱͣһӽ֮ǰμӹɱѩɽԳѧԱˡǿҶ𽥵Ĵ˺һŷװ֮ԭЩıǻࡣ
ҶóıѾԤڣҲǽԼڿ֩ͷţǰ˻Ρֻܹǵͳͳ
Ǻǣľ򲻾ͺ˵һ˻ܹǼһЩأ˵꣬еı뿪
Ҷȴû뵽ո߳ѾѧԱǺˡ
ţҪҪһȥѵһСӣҲ֪֪ǵԼпտҲĿڴ֩ҲЩջĿ˿ͬյķţͻȻ
Ŷ֩Ļţգգ۾ͻȻо֩뻰˼
ȷʵǸСӶཻ˾öһöܹһٿ龧ʯôоŰٿ龧ʯˡֻҪܹһôǵʧܹѸٵĵõֲͬʱҲǳһڶ
뵽ţϱһޱаЦݡ
ҶõԼԺԿ֮û̻صԼסĵطǳСеıԵȥ
ȻС֮ǿɻ򣬿һ뿪СеĻǾͻܵԼû֮£ֻܹС档Ļһ뿪ܾܿͻᱻѲɽֱִɱ
ԷţͿ֩뿴ҶСбԵʱ˴֮Ҳ¶һ˿ĵЦݡǿҶôǸǵĴ׼ʱ͵Ȼ˺ˡ
ܿ죬Ҷױ㻺ߵСбԵһƬʽֵСµͣڵʲôһܿţͿ֩ӺҶͣһӱ㽫Ҷ׸Χˡ
Сӣ治֪ɵǼɵأһҪϵ龧ʯ°ߣھԶˣ˵ǲǸøлǴһôõĻأ֩ƺΪԶҶףһֱ㽫Ҷ׵·סˡ
ΪܹҶϵõ龧ʯҲǲԼһҶ׵ǰ֪ܵ˵


ڶʮһ 
֩һ־ͰҶ׸סˣţƺо˿֩ƺķͷˣҲһЩջ
ڵŤתأţҲǳǰȥʧʱ˵СӣҪֻϵ龧ʯǲǺܸȤܹе龧ʯԺ󻹾ΪǷ񣬽ǾһʹСǻúչġ
ĻһЩͷǴɲзϵģȻСѧԱ֮ͨɱͨĶŹûġǽִִΪйߵĻŹﾹȻǱĬġ
ܵ˵СȻǱӻЩѧԱıܷۣͬʱҲһǿʳϴٽһ޴Ĳء
ڱ˵֩ͷţҶ׶ôһƫƧĵطڴ֮ϰҶ׶סֻҪɱ֩ͷţ㽫Ҷ״Ҳûġ
˵һǿʳ磬еĹǿΪȵġС漸ÿ춼ᷢܶı¼һЩһŷװѧԱ͸ԵŰ裬ѧԱηĴڡ
˸ҰҶ׶ҲץסһЩѧԱСµǿҶܹõôϾʵ⣬϶Ҳռ˺ܴһ֡СӺʧô龧ʯһ¿϶ǵ硣ھ޿ֵ̬
ô˵ô࣬ǲӦðе龧ʯأҶȻûµһվԼǰ֩Ϊ϶ǱɵˣԿ֩Ҷ׵ѹҲԽԽࡣΪֻҪٸҶһѹܹҶ׳ѹˡ
ǺǣԼȡɣѧԱĻҶ׹ԹԵĽԼ˫̧ƺѾȫ˵ֿ
Ҷٶ֩ͷţȻıֶٻЩ⣬ɬ̲סĳҶ׿˹ȥ
ߵҶ׵ǰţҶȻһµӣЩëˡûмһѧԱв»ܹ򶨵ġֵܾǰϻ
ޣҷϣһԸˣô࣬һҴϷ龧ʯ͵Ÿɵ۰ɣ֩ѻ˵㽫ԼҶ׵ĿڴƴķŪȴһ
ʱ򣬿֩ͻȻоһ䣬ٴΰĿ⿴Ҷ׵ʱͻȻоҶ׵ױĿ
ûнк͸оԼĸһȣһѪ˳С֩㻺Ĺڵϣ˫Ĵˡ
֩ôˣҶ׼Ѵ֮㽫֩ɱţ˫ҲʼĶ
㲻ܹɱңǲɱ˵ģģղŵʲôûпһһЩõɣñ㡭ڷţĻû˵ʱоǰӰһһѸֵѾݺݵĴ̽ĸǰһڣĸֿ֪ţôˡ
žžžҶһ֮ͻȻһֺµŰƴӺڰ֮˳
ô㲻ҰҲɱˣ꣬ҶԴ٩˵
Ҷ׵ЦЦΪȻ˵ܹĳַǳϣԷһ˿һӦĵʱ䶼ڣ˷һĶܹһɱô
ֻٻɱ޹ɱ޳ˣҵɱ⼸ٵĿܹͨİ˵⣬ĺˣǰֻɱҶѣ
ҽ｣ôƺأ｣˵ȻЩ٩沿ʼġ
｣֣Ҷ׵΢գգЩȵ˵ҵˣٻһЩȨɣ
ҶôҪ֪｣ʲôϵϾһΪ˻ҵһ쵤ҩ䷽һĿҲǳ򵥣ǾǾܵĴ󵶸ҵϢڸС۵ʱøҵ
ǺǣȨһЩģͱ飬ҿ˼֮û˻֪Щģ
ôҵĴܹ𣿡Ҷ΢Щľӣ｣ϴζЦݻ˵
Ҷ׻һӣڷͻҵĵλġ
ǺǣʲôûҲܹЩôѵҪ£𣿡｣ӣҶ׵ûаţһֵЦ⡣｣ͻȻҶ׸ӸȤˡ
Խǿţ˼άԽԵùŹ֣׽һܹΪԼЧĻõĺôԶԶи
һ뵽ЩԭЩõ｣ϵЦݾ͸ʢˣһʻһǺǣò˵һ˵ǻǷǳѲǺܶ࣬ʵҽЩĿģϣܹʶ㣬һӡ󣬽˶ѣ
žž｣Ķ˫ƣܿʹӺڰ֮߳ĲߴıǿߡҶ׺｣˵ʱǿ߿ʼΪҶ״ϵѪʬ壬ǰһΧгĵط
ˣǴˣǿֻ˲ʮ㽫һеĺۼɨĸɸɾһͳĺѡǿ߾ͺûгһʧҶ׵ߵС
ǿǼרŴЩˣҲҵūţǲһиӹδ㻹иɻĽ˵츳ֻҪܹúõЩĵλԻڸ߳ʮˣ
ôԸԸΪأ｣˿ҶףһĿں˵
ܶԷʢ룬｣ʮָȫȫûһ׸⡣һſӢף˵һЩŮҶ׿ҲᱻòҶ׻ûͬ
Ҷ΢ҡҡͷ̾˿˵үƽԶܴһˮƽ߰ɣ
㿴ңΪǱҵǱʧȥˣҵûôˡ｣΢ЩʧҶʼմһЩɵЦ˵
｣ĵľɥʧﵽ͵ϾҪʧȥԵʱҶͻȻһתٴ˵һЩŻǲϲ˵İţǸԼʵܹھ͸һЩôǱ˴˶˽һЩĻ˵ҺĹϵܹһЩˣ
Ŷ｣Ҷ΢ͳĻҲЩ鰵Ҳǡ


ڶʮ £
｣û뵽Ҷ׵Ļ˵ĸϷԣΪҶײʱҶ׵̬ȾȻһʮȴת䡣
ͻȻ֮оԼǱҶ׸ˣˡϻǴޱƽЦݣֵıȽϿݣǺǣû뵽˵ôĬðɣȻô˵ˣҾʹӦҪ󣡡
һӦ㣬ѵܹõô֮⣬Ҳ᲻ʱĸһЩֻҪܹɣ㽫õ벻ĺô
ˣ̸͵Ϊֹҵֵܿ£㣬İȫ¾ͻûбˣϣ´μʱ㻹ôģ
Уһǧ龧ʯ㹻ģ｣е龧ʯӸҶ֮ҲǻһɺڹʧҶ׵ǰ
Ǻǣ｣ҵѵػԽԽȤˣʵҶڽĹ㳡վŵʱ򣬾Ѿͨĸ֪ꡣֻҶ׵ʱݻЩɵġݴԼ˵ʱҶ׵ĺġ
ֻȻ֣ԼԽ˽ңԽǾҵء˵ұеĴٱǧٱĻܹҸҶе˱
һ뵽ҶԭʮƽĶʱ˲СĲʵ̫ˡ
һƬɭ˳Ҷ׾ͿͺͶѾڸѰԼˡɭһξ֮ͻȻԼϽŶǳ˹Ҷͯİ֮ҲǿõʸˣԺǾ͸һ죬֪ܲܽǣ
Ҷ͵ĻҲ΢΢һ㶡û뵽һͺìܳͻ꾹ȻҪ¡
ֻͺͶǵʵ̫ǶҲڰ벽鵤ֵıԵǻͲŸոյԪ۷ѡһ뵽Ҷױ⣬ʵҪһҲͦ׵ģܹÿִжõٵҩܹѧϰйҾͻӦǵҪ󡣡
ĻǾǸңҪôǰҸҪôڸӼѵԸ⿴ģҪһ죬ȰԼʵһЩ˵飡
ȻһֻҪԺܹﵽңһǻǷģҶͺͶ˵ļ򣬱㳯Լסĵطȥ
ô죬ô˦ˣҶʧıӰͶʱЩ˵
ǶҶ׵ĻƺЩˣͣҶͯĻ˵ķǳе鵤ΪѾģѵأ˵ĵطˣҪȵǺʵܹٺһġ
ĻܹһִЩΣյѵܹ֤ǻлһһǼҶͯĴҿǻǾһʵɣǿʹЩ׵ı飬˵˼䣬ͣĳŽĹ㳡ȥ
û뵽껹Щ־ûбЩͺͶߺҶҲǴһεĽٴ˳
Ҷ׶Ժܶ鿴ĶҪҿͱԼǿǿô϶һ˲šڳཻһЩѣҲһѡ
ֻڻ֪ǱҵѦ׶ʲôҵĵλԶԶԼߺܶأ
Ҷ׻ĳԼסȥʱһȽϤ꣬ҲͬһӰһǰû뵽㾹ȻܾģԽԽ͸ˡ
ò˵ôҲΪã㻹ŷһҶ׵ǰһγƪۣ˵ҶҲǹ졣
ŷƵĻ˵֮ҶҲ΢΢һЦ˵ʵ˵Щ޷ҪңҺǺҺҸкô𣿡
Ǻǣû뵽ҵ²ôò˵˵ĺܶԣòҲܾһܾҰɣŷƺ±Ҷ׾ܾ׼ȷ˵ΪԼȫܹ˵Ҷ׺
֮⣬ҺԺżĺôܹĳϿô򵥣ŷƺоҶ׵һЩȻٴֱ˵˵
ֻҪܹҺϵܻԽԽ٣㷢ʵҺĿȫͬģôҶ¶ľȣŷҲǳĵ˵
һ̣Ҷ뵽Ѧ׶ֻ뷨ֻԺһ㱻ˡ
Ѧ׶˵г֡ĻȷʵҲǴˡ
ðɣϣ㲻Ҫ鷳У
⣬ҲҪͼѰϵܣĻ֪ԽܾܿͻԽģŷʼձֳһصӣ̲ס
Ǻǣ֪ղѧԱǡŷ˵⼸仰֮󣬱ͷҲص뿪Ҷ׵ߡҶ׶ŷҲǶһЩ档
ʵ｣һıŷ֪飬˵｣ҲһЩϵġһǰԵñԤеӸˡ
һǵȥһɣȻĻ֪ԽܣҾԽǲȫŷ߹հ˹յıԼǰʧҶҲǰԼԭļƻвһǧ˰ö龧ʯҵȥ
սУҶ׷ȻڵĵҩѾûʲôô㹻ĵҩȴǿһҵս֮ѸٵĻָһЩ˵ҩڼ̵ʱ֮ڽԼϵ˿ڻָһսҲǳֳ
Ҿ˽Щʱ򣬲õķǸЩôҩ˵˲ţʵǿᣬһǳѡһ˵ʱҲǱȽѵģҵ˾ԲѡЩţǻѡЩϲµѧԱŻӵķ㡣
Ҷ׽ҵ־ҪһЩҩԷãҲҪܴܲЩҩҵһЩ
ܿһޱȷĽֵطͬһֵ֮ϵܹǿ룬һЩϴһֵѧԱҲ޼ɵĴ󣬶ѧԱЩƺǳɻӡ
Ҷ׶ЩģҵϴһȦ֮ҵһһǲĵҩ̡ҵϲҵ֮һˡ
Ҷһ̣Ϳϰվԭ¶һεı飬ˣĵҩö龧ʯһŵģҪһЩ˵Ŀȥҵ̣ĵҩȻһЩҲֵ


ڶʮ ҩ
ϰƺôҶ׵ĹʵҶ׸սŵʱ˵һҶʮֲ˵ĻԿϰһǷǳġ
Խô޵˾Խ㣬ĻҲַ뿪ڸԼĵеĲġ
ƹģʵҲ㣬ϾֻһֺͨѧԱû̫ĹǺ飬⼸Ū˲龧ʯܹһЩö˵Ҷױ㽫װһǧ˰ö龧ʯĿڴ˳
һö龧ʯĴС൱һͨĴĴָָסֶСȷʵ̺ųһǧ˰ö龧ʯȷʵѾܹҵһЩˡ
Ŷû뵽Сӻǵ͵Ҷóô龧ʯҪҩϰϵЦҲǶһЩ
ǺǣȻôг⣬ҲͲㆪˣò˵Щ龧ʯҲֻܹĵҩһöҩ˵ɣҶ׵Ĺʵ֮󣬵ϰҲǴӻ֮ӡ
һöҩֵһ龧ʯĺôǿñΪܵôص˺ܹڲʮʱָ̻Ͼ˿ڣһЩ˵˿Ҳܹһ̶֮ϵõϡ
ֻǶ̫ǿߣΪǳǿ˵ʱֵҩЧûôˣڸҶ׽һöҩ֮óһֵҩ
һֵҩͱȽϱˣһöö龧ʯ鵤۷һµ߿ٻָ˿ڣҲʵԽǿЧԽãǻָЧޣֻʵߣʵǿߵֻǻָٶ΢һЩ
֪Ҫ֣ƹζЦݿҶףƺҪޱЩҩľȱ顣
ȻҶ׶ԵϰĻҲЩΣȴܹоûƭԼӵеЩ龧ʯ̫ˡ
ҾҪֱȽͨĻƾöɣҶ΢ԥһ£һٵѡ
ò˵ˣ۹⻹ǲģǹ˳Ԥڵĵҩﻹһ͸㣬ԺǵҩǻһЩŻݵģҶ׽е龧ʯ֮󣬵ϰĽöҩõݸҶס
Ҷ׽ö鵤ڴ棬ȥ˹ŻصԼסĵط
ȥҵ֮Ҷײ֪ȥҩǼҵĵҩжôˡ
ĶȻһЩҵ̣ǱȽϺõģҲǶԵǮˡ
ڳΪֺŵѧԱҶҲһСԺֻԺֻܹСԺĿռҲСޱȣֻܹһ򵥵˯ط
ȻСȴһҲһ۷ǿҪͻһʱҲѳ嵽ķġ
Ҷ궫صԼסҪϢǽ֮ǰһи
ЩϢ֮ҶײžȵķһŹСеĵͼȻһŵͼôĲ䣬һŵͼΪҵĵһƯ̵ġ
ŵͼֻһʱ깤ˡ֮ҶҲ뿪ԼסſԽĵطȥ
񡣶ҶҪѡЩܹǿһ񡣵ʱܹҵõĺôлὫһǿɱӶλá
ֻôĻҶͯݻѵصʧģı֮ǰǻСϸġ
뿪ԼӣҶ׺ܿ˹㳡֮ϡ
һʱ򣬴󲿷ֵע｣ϣԶĻû̫ϸĹ۲졣һ̬ı䣬Ҳһϸ˽⡣
㳡֮ϣŷΪ򡣵һЩͨѧԱѧԱĵطΪѧԱ϶࣬˴֮˭˭ЩѧԱ֮侭ΪΪìܷ֮
Ƚ϶ԣڶͰ࣬򼸺ܹȥ
ҶѾѧԱȻЩûдﵽ鵤ѧԱҪǿһЩǱϻһġ
ֻﵽѧԱ֮иȨĻᣬͨõ㹻ĵҩ
ôҲ𣿡Ҷ׳㳡ŷƲ֪ʲôطð䲻Ҷ׵ļԴص˵
˵ʵҶҲǱŷƵͻȻָһȻĸ֪ԸܴܵһƬ롣ΪޣҲÿʱÿ̶Ҫĸ֪һĸ֪Ҳ©ʱǱŷƶ㳡֮ϡ
һҶףŷƱ¶һЩȻЦݣܹĳŷǺһִġ
ҵȻģҪӵһ㶼ַǳѵ񣬾ͱռ֮ϣҶײ֮俴һѶȼߵУһ֧СҪǲҩѧԱ
ˣŷһֵģҶֱߵ֮Ͻժ㳯Ǳ˹ȥ
ϽӹҶ׵ݸƣֿ˿Ҷ׵ʵ΢̾˿˵СӣѾǵڶʮˣףˣ
Ȼֻ֧ҪѧԱǲժһЩҩģǴһ֧СӶѧԱʵܹĳҪժҩľԲͨĻɫĻҲһǧö龧ʯнôߵıˣ
ҲһɣܵѧԱ۲ŷҲǴһվҶ׵ĺ档Ҷ׵Ǽ֮Ǳ߽һǺܿС
Ҫֻ֪ҪѧԱڱѧԱжʮôҪִ񣬿϶ҪһɸѡġǵҪڶ˵ӱӶִʸ
ڷ˴һʱӣ˱ǿߴ˽
һ棬һǿ߱㷢һŹֵЦ
ȿȣû뵽ı겻Ǻܶ࣬Ҫȴٰһ߽ĲǺܸߣǸ˸оȴʮֵĸǿ߿ͱȽգߵﶼǸһޱȱĸо
ˣ˵ˣֻҪܸɻģľУͿɣ˵ǳ˻ƣһɺƺֻҪĺմȾͻȫһ
Ǻǣ˵ĵףôˣѡЩѣܲұ۾ѡɣ֪ˣҪˣ̾˿ʮε˵


ڶʮ ʦ
ֻﻥ̸ЩѧԱĶ棬ȴȫͬĸо
Ҫ֪ǿѾһѧԱˣߵＸǺߵġȴֻǱ˵ˣһǵ˻жǿʣѾһ벽ˡ
һ뵽ԼܹͨʶһһЩѧԱٴαü
ǿȴȫû뷨ǿѡѧԱѡϵĴײûʲô
ǺǣԱ˽һֱҡͷѵҪҸ𣿡Ǹ꣬˵
˷̵ĻԱƺҲѾϰĿЩεķЫӣ˵ĵף飬ĲãǾǳͷڵеĽôɵĲˣ
ڲ֪鷳ˣȤƺѾѹ㣬ϧûзӦǱԱԽԽЫҲԽԽ˵ƺԱԽԽǵһ
㣡ЫһС˵־ӣһʼ黹ǲԱҲЩջˣЫӣô˵СҰԴ飬ǰȫ࣡
ѡΪ㲻ģٽһɸѡһ£һԱЩˡЫȻɵŸɣԱ˵Ļ˵֮ЫȻҲûз
ܿԱΪѵĴӶʮѧԱѡΪǲѡоͰҶ׺Ͷŷˡգ֮䣬ԭ˵ֻʣ˸ˡ
ʱԱĿٴξ۽Ыӵϡ
ˣҲֵģȻȥĻһһ״ģԱ˺ܴŽЩѧԱɸѡѾܹˣʣͿЫôȥˡ
ЫƺһܹˡҲûƴǡߵѧԱĸǰʼѡ
һȻЩ׾ǱȥЫߵѧԱߣֻ΢ϵζֱӽ̭һЩζȻֶһЩС椿ܻЩ;ɭζǿޣ
ڶѧԱ΢ԵЩƫߣֱԵñѧԱҪһЩЫߵĸǰٴνֱ̭Ȼܳڲժҩģϧȴ̫ˣȥɣõĺô
ЫӵĻ궼̲סҪ緹ǿҲ̫Ц˰ɡϸ룬ǿ˵Ļôһ
ʱЫѾҶ׵ĸǰˡ˿Ҷ׵ֺͽţ΢˵ͷ˵ĻǱȽȳƣжȽϷ㣬ҪժֻһЩҩҪ̫һɣ
ЫӽҶȷ֮˶ŷƵĸǰ˿ŷƵȫˮһļ⣬ĺ󱳣̲ס˵ѧԱҲԣȫļֳˮ״жٶҪ˿һЩ㱻׷ɱļҲкܶ࣬Ҳһ
Ыߣڵ˵ĸǰ
ò˵ҲܺãЫӶʱЩȡˣѧԱ۾ƺʲôһļ⣬ʶһЩҩܹﵽæҲ
һ̭֮Ыӽֱһ롣ǼˣǻһѧԱҪ̭Աٿ˿ЫӣЫѾһһԲˡ
ԱףЫѾһЩѡΪЫӵĻԿͷĻ
Աüͷʼһ̭ʱЫͻȻվԱ˵ͻȻˣܹ̭ģȥһһǳģЫͻȻָָŷƣָָҶ׺Ǹ꣬ЩյЦ
öŷͻȻһֱӵĸоҲǳһЩЦݣͺٶҶ˵˰ɣһᱻѡϵġ
ЫӵĻԱ˿Ҷףֿ˿ŷƣֿ˿ǸѧԱԥһ£սԼĿⶢҶ׺һѧԱϡöŷͻȻ
ҪɣˣöŷƲŵǣԱȻЫصƼ̭ˡҪ˵ʲôʱԱЫѾҶ׺һѧԱ뿪ӡ
ѾԶȥҶףŷͻȻоؿһƣ͵һȭֱӴһѵӡ
Ҷû뵽õĶŷƾȻ̭ˣҲһЩϲ˶ŷѲļһͱȽˡ
ȻѧԱѾѡԱȴôšһһ߶Ҷ׺һ˵˵һԼ֣һÿ֮ʲôǾͻشʲôûʵǧܹ˵ıҲŪǻҶҲһҡ
˵һԼ֣һᵽˣԱԵøĽţҶ׺һҲǳڴ
һֱ˵̱Ыһ·ϳû˵仰ͺһһ
ҽҶףҶ׵һ˵ˡ
ҽƣһɸɵ˵
Ա˵ǲ˵ͷʾѾˡ
ܿԱĴ֮£߳㳡˳һ·߽һ޴ĸۡǰһ֮ۡϹһӡ֮ϺȻдšáӲӵĴ֡
ţϾҪˣһҪ˺ãĻǶҪ֪𣿡һۡĸǰԱԴҶ׺Ƶ˵ͷ΢
Уע·Ҷ˵ˣֻҪˣԱ΢˲ԼͷĺЫӵ֮ͬ´ѧԱһߵһ֮ۡڡ
ܿǱһǿߵĴ߽֮˿֮ڡǽʱѾĸǿȴˡ
ԱѡꣿԱҶ׺ƽʱһƫϵıǿվԱʵ
һǿĻԱϽ˵ϴӸ˵ǱȽģЫҲǲеѡ̵ġ
Աƺѡ־֢شϴĻ֮ɫ˲ҲǱɷףǳŵӡ
ԱĻش𣬱ҲߵҶ׺ƵǰٴδһߣǷصԼλ֮ϡͨЩ˵ı֣Ҷܹĳƺ˷ǳ¡
⼸˾ôڿţֹһʱ߽ˡΪ׵һͷЩҵˣ߾Ȼ벽ǻʾıڡ


ڶʮ ɽ
ֻһʦŵȴǴ벽ǻʵĻ߶ڣԿĳжˡ
Ȼʦֻб񾳴ɵʵʵսͨı񾳴ɵǿ߻ҪһЩһ߽˶ܹоһɹɵĺɢ
һɹɺޱȵıͬĺһʦߵԼλǰʱѾһ㺮˪ҶҲǸо䡣
ʱǿ߻Ҫֵʮִݵӡ
˺ãʦλϵʱ˼ͬʱԼλվͬ˵
Щǿ߽ԼˣʦҲǹŵЦݡ˰ƽ˵ˣˡ
Ա꾿ʲô֣ʦЩǿ߶֮һŤӰĿ⿴Ҷ׺ˡ
ʦȻҶ׺֣ԱϽ΢ˣҲվˡ
Ҷ˵ӦȽϿһЩϽڵһ˵ˣҽҶͯոսѧԱٶȺȽó
šҶޱĻشʦƺĵ˵ͷĿֿҶߵơ
Ȼһ˼·ǱʦޱĿⶢϵʱǸоһ䣬û˵סֿ־壬΢ŵ˵ˣҽƣ֮ǰҩ̣ҩķֱȽϾͨ
ȻƵıЩʧǶľʦǱȽϲġϾҲҪһȫûо˰ɻöԷľԼҪḻ͸ˡ
ʱԱҲʼ˵ˣˣѧԱҺЫӾϸѡģǵĵҲһ飬Ӧû⣡
šʦ֪ѧԱǽˣֻ˰ֱԱ£ʼ֯Ļˡ
ǵǵһƬǳΣյɽ棬Ū⼸ҩģסһҪ㹻ҪʱһЩ޹ؽҪԱ
ҰЩϷǣϸˣʲôңʦִԼĿڴͳһͿ໨ݵֽţһ벽߷ȥ
˵⼸ǿÿһǾɱλõģÿ˵϶Ǳʮ⼸벽ǻʵǰһʵĺСһǿЩϵʱһ˿һûһ˷
һʱ䣬Щǿ߲΢һʱʦҲ֪Ӧöˡ
ʱǿ߿ʼеֽŶԱ΢䳤ıǿ߱Ȼһӡ֮Ľǽ
޳ıǿߴԼλվʦϳڴǿ߶Ҳǳϣĳǿƺ귽ģ˵뷨ܹڵһʱ˽
ˣҩУǶҩǺ˵֪޳ıǿһ˵ʱһֶĿһµĸоܿһ֮£ʦ֪Щǿ߶ʲôˡ
֮һֱʣд˼ʮ֣㽫һֽ벽ߣͨһֽ޳ıǿߡ
һж֮ʦҲԼ̫Ѩ΢ƣ˵ˣͰ˵ȥ֮⣬ӦЩҩڶǳȱϳûˣ
˵Щʦվ뿪˿
ʦ뿪һı˪ʧ¶Ȳ΢ָ
оʦѾԶˣ˲˿΢ֳɵӡ
ʱ򣬱ҲǴԼλվ˻˵λղ˵ĻǶѾ˰ɣغѵصλȶҾֻǰʱʱ׼ʱ֮˶ָصϣ̳뿪
ڱܴԼλվǿҲ½뿪Ҷ׺ǸԱصס
Ҷ׺ֻܹһ˯ĹѣһСͺլһȽϿԺ֮⣬Ժһ߻һС¥С¥һԱȵҶ׺סСݼԺӵļСˡ
ˣһԺ棬ǾͿ԰ĴɫһƬﻨľ󣬸һޱůĸоҶû뵽Ա˵¡
ҰɣҽȥȡһЩͳԱƺʮ⣬΢˼䣬߽˸¥档ûһʹӸ¥ʼҶ׵˳Ÿ¥֮ĳȥ
ҶܹоԱʦĸۡһСпɽλãզλСбȽϿɭֵĵط
˵һСɽȣ˵һɽм䱻˸ƽˣڳһ޴Ŀյء
һ뵽Ҷ̲סһսΪܹĵ˵ܹһɽƽרŽôһСоҪôʵˡ뵽ҶײǶңұ֯ҲǸһЩġ
Աǰߣƺľٶû˿Ĺעں涫
߹һƬԺ֮ǱһƬտĿյ֮ϣ˳һƬյܹԶɭ֣һ޼ʲɽ
Сӣȥִ֮ǰҿ»һЩҪǽģԱԶ֪ΪʲôпһŻתӶҶ׺˵
ѶȿܱҪѺܶ࣬еĽҲԶԶǵԤڡ
ͱ˵ɣֻдһǧö龧ʯʵһǲɵҩ㹻ĻܵõⵤҩĽܹŻпܳΪҩͯ
Ĳ²ȫÿ¶вٵҩٺ»ֻҪԸҲǰһЩ׵ǲɶõ飡
ֻҪõЩУԱһ˵˺ܶҶ׺ƶΪĶĻ˵ЩǿѾĴԶ˹ĻԵöЩ١
һϵЫӡ˿ԱһӣЦһԱˣ
ɲҪЩ˵Ĺ°СŵĲܹ·ʱժҩĵɾ䵽ˣԱûЫЦһߵһʯʱ򣬾ڵĸǿҲѾϵˡ
ˣִ֮ǰȻʶһ°ɣڱߵʱ˶£ܿЩһǱأ΢Щ˵˵


ڶʮ ʴ
ҽбǱ۷ǿߣĶӳֵˣڽԼ֮󣬾ͰԼĿ⿴Ǹ޳ıǿߡ
޳ıǿ΢һӴ֪ܵ˼ҽݱ񾳴ɣҪֱҩĵǿߡ
ҽ豾СɣҪɱĴ̿ͣݽԼ֮һ΢ЩޣͬŮһĵڶ֮վ˳ϴŵ·΢Щڣ΢һܹΧĻΪһ壬Ϊ죬綾ɽӽĴ
ҽгɶ񾳴ɣҪǸ̽··ġĺǸһĿˡ뱩߰˵ߺͬˮͰһȣȻСһЩȫȴһҰ˵һҶϸԵ׳
ʱҶͻȻ뵽Լûˡ
֪ںˮ۹ôȻЩû飬Ҷȴ֪һ֮ǲˡ
ڳɶ֮һ΢СıǿߡȫĺһʼոһĸоȴԵޱȵ˿־ϢҽпƱ񾳴ɣеɱ֡
ڿƽֵ֮΢ЩʮֹЫ˵ˡȣЫϴһ΢ãǸֳʸеĺɫ·ݿЩ԰ףȴһޱĸоҽЫӣרŸƶԵĸ֡
˽֮󣬲ֵĿýֱ˫ȶȽϳԱϡûʲô̫ͻƣΨһܹñȽóľٶȣҽԱСɣǸ֧Ԯλ
ֵҶˡ˵ȫļⶼȽȳƣƽģҽҶ鵤ڣθժҩĵġ
ҶƵľԵЩ˫۱Ƚƺʲôܹһҽƣ鵤СɣǸβժҩĵġ
ܿİ˸˶Լݸһ顣Щ˿ʼЯƷ֮ϾͿˡ
𿴱˵Ϊߴ󣬶жЩٻĻȴһֻСɽĸоıˣһӿٶȾԱҲѴӺ׷
˵ܹһͻҪɶˡ
ɶȻߴģͺ߶ϵȣҴͼıٶ˵ҲϵȣǶ֮ǿġ
Щ;ˣ㹻ܹӦͻһܹԽԽ֮Ѹٳ롣ȱ˵Ҫȱܺúܶࡣ
һ·˶ܹɶһֱڶǰ濪·һʲôΣͱܽһ£Ȼ鿪ʼı䷽ѰҸӰȫ;
տʼ·ĵһ棬ΪеһƣǱ˺ܶ޵ϮǵǿԽһɽһƬɽʱ򣬲Ļı˺ܶ࣬Ҳ˹ǵˡ
λѾ뿪ѵصأ뵽һƬɽ·̲ԽԽߣһпȱǿߵޣϣǸԶóֵ׼ܿ˿ΧĻһõĽ˵
ǵǰУһ޴ϿȳǵߵСݵͼϵļأӦǶɽˡ
ݴ˵ɽںܾǰһС͵ôһɽ;סϰ˿ڡ֪ʲôԭСʧӰ٣ôһïɭǵľ޴ɽˡ
˻˻
ǿʼ𽥿ɽȵʱͻȻһ޴ĶߴǶɽȵ˳Ͼ޴Ƭܹоһмʮ׳ոɽȱ׼ɽȵҶ׵һ
ѽ
һͶƺܵ⼸ǿϵɱ͵ӷһ̶Ľͬʱһɹɼ߸ʴԵĶҺҲǴĿ˳
ɢȻⲻǾ綾һ絽ϣҲһͨȫڻһ̲Ѫˮġ
ڱһɢ֮󣬱ܲûкˣžͶߵľ޴˹ȥɶһֱƺ׼Աܵж֧Ԯһ
顱һܵٶȷɿ죬ھͶûзӦʱѾ˾Ͷ֧ڵ֮ϵĸ
͵ԼȫȫݳȥһȭʵʵĴһͶ߸Ƭ֮ϡ
һͶ״֣ʮ׳ǱһȭУͶ͵ĲҽһȻ䡱һ浹˹ȥ
ִβ͵һҪĲϡ
һӾͿǿıˡھͶ߱˷񷴻ʱ򣬱ܵ͵ĳŸ߿һܣ˾Ͷߵβ͡Ͷִӵ֮
֮ǰܴеĵطѾ˺ۣԭӲƬѾ״飬һɹѪ
˵һͶѾǰЩС˸׼ŭˡ
ʱݴӶ֮վЦ˵û뵽ǲûн뵽ɽһϺõҩģʴߣ
ݵĻ̴ԼĿڴͳһͼƬȻŸʴߵӡͼеĸʴߺǰľͶ߾Ȼа˾ŷֵ
֮⣬ⸯʴߵͷŧ˵ǰͶȻҲУŧĸͷҪСܶˡ
м΢ɻ΢ε˵òҪͼϵĸʴߣǸǳɾĶ˵һϣǶ벽߿ҲһڳԵġ
Ϊҩĺ޵Ʒ˽رϸ˶ʶݡҶ֪ǺٿЦģһô˵ٴοһͶߵʱҲͱࡣ
裬Һͳɶסն׵ͽˣھͶ߲ͣ׷ɱܺͳɶʱ򣬱͵ֱһȭ㽫Ͷ˶ͷ­ٴκ䵽֮ϡھͶ߽з񷴻ʱ򣬱ٴζȥ϶ŲæĶ˵
ӵ֮˵ߵб䵭񳹵ʧһȫ뵽ֵС
顭ͶΪ̫ԽԽŭѾ뵽˴档ĳײһſľҲűײ
ʱЫץסһͶߵĻᡣ
Ыƽʱٶȷǳеʱ򻹻϶ĺˡһ̣徹Ȼޱȵ˫棬ĺҪһ˾Ϳ˫ֽһ壬һöѾõĶֱӴ̽˾Ͷߵ档


ڶʮ Ƥ
ЫӵĺˣһöڽžͱըһǿҵĸʴԶҺŶڵıըҲǽ뵽Ͷߵ档
ֶҺþͶ˻ܹһֻͶߵжٶѾԷˣȫѾ𽥳ֳһֱԵ״̬
ʱˣͻȻŰ֮дһͶڵ֧ŵĸ͵һȭھͶߵϡе
ѽžͶһҵĽ˾һ޴ȻصɶԼĿڴͳһ˳ǹֱ˳ŶھͶγɵ˿ڱȥһɴŶĶҺͶ⣬ɶеĳǹһӱ㽫Ͷߵ嶤˵֮ϡ
ڳǹ֮û̫ĵ棬ǲһľݡЩܹþͶԽԽʹ࣬Խ޷ѡ
ھͶƴҪѳǹٴδӵֱ֮ʱһֱڰͻȻðͷ
Ӱ֮Ծ£һϸɫ˫ֳ֮
տɫĳ֣ĳеޱͬʱҲǽٶ˼¡
һɫĳ֣һտɫĹâ˾Ͷߵĸǰһ£һտɫĺۼҲǳھͶߵ֮ϡ
͵ĺˣۡһͶߵͷ­Ѿ峹׷뿪һž޴ͷ­ҲǴӾͶߵ֮ϱն
һͶȴû˶ڵϲͣķšʱǴӺ
ֻмĴָϸֱ۳̵롣⼸̽Ͷߵͷ­֮СûãһֻͶߵٶȾͿʼ½ܿһͶߵϰ벿־ͳʧȥ˻ֱͦͦĵڵˡ
ɣһͶ֮߳ݶҶ׺ư˰֣ƺҶױߵݵĸǰ
ʵУɱΪؼһ衣ҪĻǽõҩȡֻ̾ԵЩģ⼸ǿ߶ԸЩ飬ԲŴѧԱѡ˼Щ
ȵѧԱҲԸˣǻȥѰµѡ
ʵ鱾ûʲôѶȣܶ˲ԸԭΣԡ
Ҫ֪ʦҪҩĵһ󲿷޶洦ƷǻһСо綾ҩʦҪġ
ժЩҩģ߲СжĻԳʧȥʧȥΪԶ޷
Ľÿһ񾳵ǿ߶ܹܵġҲҪһЩѧԱһҪԭ
һͶߵȫûжҺģ۾ݶǴģ˫ףǴϾͿԱⶾҺӴˣҶ׺˹Ҳǽ˫׵˳ȥ
ȻߵͶͷĸǰ˵һ˫۾ǵĵһǰҵҪȥһ˫۾ڳ
ݣĵطɣݽ񽻴֮ǻĳžͶϱĩβȥ
һͶߵΪĲ۾ݣߵ
һͶ߱ضϰĩˣݱ㿴һ˸ɫâ屻ھͶߵ档΢СĵĿȥܹоһɫɢ˻ܴĹâ
ݵ徭ҺݹԺܶ඾Һ˵ֿº׾ͻᱻЩâ͸ȫж
Ǽˣ𽥿ʱɫҲԵʮֵѿ
幦תҲγһ㵭ɫֱ֣ӽ
ݴӿڴͳһΪᱡƵƬһĶʼӾͶ¶Ѫ⿪ʼиȥ
ۡ
ݵַǳÿһиһöߵһΣͺһͶ߻ûгһ
һĹݿʼһöŵɫâߵӾͶߵ滺ȡ˳ͬʱҶ׺ƵĹҲ˳ˡ
˽öۺֱװݸǵĸĴ泹׷档
ݽߵȡ֮ҲǽƷ˳ĽݵС˵Ҷ׺ǻüͬʱҩĵժȡôٶһЩҲǾЩȡ
ǵٶȷʵЩȣҲֻһʼϣԺܹĸã
ǿЩʳˣݵĻһֱԱߵȺʱĿ˾ͶߵߡͿʮӷ׵͵Ļζ˼£ӿСӡЩʮ
ЩСӽ뵽һߵ档ûþͿһߵ忪ʼ񡣺ܿһʮ׳ľͶ߾ͱһտӡ
߰ɣűܵһ⼸ֿʼɽȥ
ǽ붾ɽȣΧĶҲԽԽࡣЩﶼʦҪģǾûйȥɱ
һʦҪƷ˸ʴ֮⣬Ƥ룬۶ݣص档
˵⼸һһңһһΣա˵ƤɡֶרʯΪʳصȫޱȵļӲͬһξľһ
ҪɱѲޣҪôԼǿʵֱӽΪӲ顣һַƤʱһĺֱӽ̴
˵ַǷǳѵġƤ벻ǿһȺӵһƤ붼ʮֻľһһһܵƤ붼һӵϵġ
˵ƤҲѰһЩֻҪҵ󣬾ܹҵƤ롣ԼȻѾûĸʴ֮ɱˣôȥѰԭڵһĿƤˡ
ǼԱٶȺܿ죬׷ٺѰҲǱȽֵģҲＸΣԺױҵ˶ɽ֮еһλá
һ˵Ƥ붼ڷǳʪĵطҪɱƤ뻹Ҫ뵽ɽ֮ڲܹҵƤ볲Ѩġ
ɽͬƤסɽʮֵĸûκγʪζͺÿ춼ᱻ˴ɨĸɸɾһ
֪ƤԵ˿϶ΪƤһʮְɾ֪Եˣһ뵽Ƥ붼̲ס¡
ΪƤ벻ʳʯΪԼʳ֮⣬ÿ컹ɵκδиʴҺĶԱܹЩʯԼ澡֮⣬ÿ¶뵽صȥɵҡ


ڶʮ Ƥ
ЩʳﵱоܹĳƤ뾿жôѶԸˡ
һƤÿ¶й̶ڡһĩǽ뵽ʳҵʱ䣬Ǵʳʱ䡣еΪҹ͵ʱ
ǸϵʱƤһʱ䣬ʱʱɱ˵ҪһЩһǵļڣǵʵ¾ͳɱ
סν뵽ɽ棬ֻҪɱʮֻƤ룬һ̳롣ڸոߵɽڵʱ򣬱ܶٴǿ
пƸԱ踺ڹؼʱ̳֣ҺͳɶݻǸȡ𽥽뵽ɽʱ򣬱ҲǽĲ𽻴ϡ
ܿ죬Ǿɽ
ѾЩʪˣͬɽĻҪõĶࡣ
ʱһֱڶмݰ˰֣ʾԼѾҵһЩƤ
Ȼݵж֮£ɽһ΢ƫƧĵطҵһһߵĶѨѨڣһЩѾõĲкѾѻü죬׸ܷˡ
վڶѨڲԶϸܹһЩڲͣ׽ʳ졣ֻʮֵ΢ͺˢˢʲôһ
Ƕ˺ж԰Ƕճ˶ۼ˶ɢ˳ȥӿڴȡһʯݸ衣ӹʯһȽԵĵطȥ
һʯĹԭޱɽľﶼˡ
ʱߵǸѨڴԼĿڴͳһ޴ĴӡԼϴһ˫ƤסʼһЩĶ
ЩĶŶһ˸ʴԵζÿһĶڵϣ֮ʯɳʴγһЩжζ岻ͣĴӵð
Ȼζ˵޷ܣǶЩƤ˵ȴջʳˡ
ݴӽڴ󲿷ĶڷŵϵʱѾʼһЩƤ벻ԾĴǸѨˡ
Ҷ׺ƶǵһοֶһЩƾһҪŻµĸо
էһЩƤͨûʲô𡣿ϸȥȴЩƤĶͷȻմ˴ѶѾõѪ⡣ŨŨĶǴǵĶͷɢģдŨŨѪˮҲǴǵƨɺ滺
ǼˣЩƤ뻹ƴʳѾõĶûгԹһƴĻᡣ
ǳԶʱһŷǵųͣźϡ˾ܹৡˢˢʵǵ̫谭ھ׽
֮⣬ЩƤÿһֻһֻСţӴСǵ֮ȻҲһЩëǸȴһںĸס
Ҫ֪Щ׷ǳļӲһƤϵָٶܹ۷ǿȫһɼЩƤķжô뺷ˡ
⣬Ƥ֮Խ֣Ǹǳ̬ģΪһȫͱһ㱡Ƥ
𽥳ɳʳҲԽԽࡣ𽥵ЩƤͱᴿ˾֡ԽЩƤɱ֮ǵڵ˿Ƶҩ֮⣬ȫľҲǿԴġ
Ҷ׵εֻȡƤڵһһΥԴȥʦ֣ܾ֮ܿ֡
ݽĶڵ֮ԽԽƤ½½ӶѨ˳ЩƤﵽʮҵʱ򣬱Ѿʼ˽׼
ǿƣָܸʾҲǴԼĿڴͳһ«״ĶԼ׼«ʹ֮󣬴ĳҲǴӺ«ĩ˳
һ«ٻǧֻĴָСĳӴ˳һȡ«нǧֻЩƤ룬ЩѾ˳ǵϸǵ˶Դ
һʼЩƤ뻹ޱ̰ĽЩӳԵ档ԽԽ˳Ƥͱǿ׽뵽ʱЩƤ뿪ʼһЩķӦˡ
ΪЩСӻԵƤĴԣһЩƤ뿪ʼܲ˼ȵʹƴˡ
ڣЩƤɱڿƿƵĳѾȡóЧ֮󣬱ܿʼԱ
Ա֮ܵҲǴԼĿڴͳһĳ롣һӤֱ۴ϸԱʮֳ֡
ԽԽƤ嵽ʳǰʼһЩƤ뿪ʼӽʱԱҲǳ嵽ЩƤĸǰ׼ɱˡ
ۡһԱ׼һƤϵ㣬ֱһ㽫һֻƤ͸š໡һһֻƤ㱻ԱɱгһֻСţСƤ㱻Աˤһ档
˿̵ѾҶ׺Ƶˡ
֨֨
ƤҶ׺ǰʱǸϽֱù߽ƤĳݵĴϡݱһϸǯƤĶ档ܿһöɫڵͱݸȡ˳
ȻһʼԱɱķǳ˳ֻƤ֮󣬵ϵʳѾԽԽٵʱеƤѾĿ⿴Աˡ
ЩƤ̶ܵͣЩƤ뻹ܹĸоͬ϶ǰźܴĹϵ
ԱƤɱ֮ƤȷԱɱݡ
໡һһֻǿƤ͵ķʮֻƤԱڵλ˹
ΪԽԽСӶƤһѾСӶԸƤ롣ֽ«һĶó֮ԽԽҴСص«Ķ档֮ǰųȥӽǧֻСӣֻʣ²ֻܻˡ
ʱ򣬱ܲŴǿߴӺ
Щ˵ԱΣյġձЩƤΧϣ͸о˷һѾˡ
Աֻܹ͵ԭشǽЩƤİΧȦǼˣȫǱЩƤһദȫðһսζ
ԽԽƤҲóһʯվ˳
顱һһһֻƤ㱻ܴƤ뵱˳
һֻѾƤڰз˼±ˡ
һֻƤأһֱڰҲǴӽԾ


ڶʮ Ѫʨ
һڵɫʯӳ£еıԵùâˡһտɫâ£һĵâֱӱ㽫Ƥмֳ롣һű㽫СţӴСƤߵڵλá
ɱһƤ֮ԱҲǼѵɱһֻƤ롣ûãǵָѾˡ
ʱѾԽԽƤӶѨ˳ʵǿƤӶѨ滺˳
ȻһֻȫɫЩƤͷĿһ֣һޱȵĻĿǻ֮³һֱӾ׼ص鵱еԱ
ˡǧһ֮ʣֱӽеľ˦˳ȥһŨҵĻգ֮䣬һͨϸľ㻪Ϊҽ
໡һԼôԼǰߣʱһҪߵĸо
һӶѨеƤ붼Ŀ֮´ӶѨ˳ȫӿ˱ܵˡʱѾʮöƤڵڳݵҲѾɽĳڳˡ
ҺͳɶѸٳ룡гʮֻƤúӿܶʱһһת㽫ȫȥ
Ⱥ˸ΪоѾ̫ƤӺܶٵҲûб̫ĽңѾеȫ㵽ƵСȫıһɹˮһӿ˫ơ
һ̣һڵ棬һ͵ĳǰһȫҲ˫۵ƶһƬȺҫĻ棬ͬˮһ˻ԴԴӿƤ롣
ЩƤȫָǣһһǻȴ˿ǵƶٶȱܶ޶Ҫܶ࣬ǵķǿ
ǲ콫Լ㱩¶ĻƤͱһһĻ㱩ƴҪնɱһͷƤ붼ҪķѺֻֻܴƤһסܣԽܻˡ
ֻһζԿĻܵľɱ㲻ܹЩƤɱܹ΢һЩʱġ
䡱һһݺݵڵ֮ϣ֮ԭޱȼӲɳʯҲǱǿҵĵ
ʱһֱ뱩ܲųĳɶҲǽԼʩչ
ɳ裡뱩ޱȿ񱩵ͬɶܹԷһǿĶ֣Ҳܹޱȶӵ֮Ѹ
ڳɶһʩչ֮󣬶ʱɳʯȻһѸһơʱڳɶ£бըɵɳʯĳһ£
໡һƴǴʯǽߴƤճһֻƤûܵȻƴ׷Ҷ׵ĵˡ
һŭ˻ֱӱ㽫ЩѾ䵥ƤͣЩƤ׷ϡ
ƤҪ˳ȥʱҶ׵Ѿ뿪ɽ֮ززˡ
û뵽һܵһĴ̼ҶҲﰵĸܹ̾뵽οƾգʵоյ֮󣬺ҩĵȡÿ϶øӵϼѵġ
Ȼȥʴ֮ЩҩĵΪصĻҪѰҵҩĵУʴ֮ǱȽɱġ֮⣬׵ȡʮöƤڵˡ
򵥵֮󣬽ǾӦȥѰҿˡ
͸ʴ֮һһޱȾ޴ߡΪĲߵͷŵĵֻ۾
˵ֱΪǵ֮ߣĵֻ۾ܹ͸ٵıʡΪǣĵֻۻܹһԻ󣬱ԻܻܿٲԶһٵ档
ٹصĸʴ֮˵ĵطѰˡ
һ˵׳ЩʬĵطͨҲЩǿ޽ʳλáҪҵҪҵһּܳԵͷޣѪʨ
Ѫʨɽʳ֮ΪĴˡÿ½ʳΣÿһζҪԵЩĹⲢǺܸȤϲȵľЩѪˡ
ͨ˵Ѫʨʳʳʣ޹ҲнЩһЩǰʳС޷ȥһ󲿷֣лһǻᱻԵġ
ϲЩ޵꣬ͺһ˫صܹ͸һе۾һ
˵ÿ۾ͻĿսЩոޣëޱȵİ޹⣬ǵѪҲͬʧȥ˹һɫ
ȻѪʨʳʱ䲻Ǻ̶ܹƾʦǵټݵľ顣ǻϢ֮ҵһЩ
뵽ɽʱǾԽܹǰһƬɭּžĿֲաһޱȵͳʨҲ˵Ķ䵱вͣĻ
𡱣һʨһƬɭصҶ׾ͿԼܹޣ۴Сʵʵķڵϣȴǵ߽һ
оֲֿ֮󣬱̴Ҷ׵ԶԶ뿪һƬ
ܿǾͿһֻжʮ׵ĸߵѪɫʨӳǵߵС
ǾһͷѪʨǧԶľ룬ѪʨԽԽǵʱǻܹŵѪʨɢŨŨѪζƺԶ޷ɢϢ
ѪʨȫѪɫë֮⣬һ˫ɫĳҲĺ󱳻ȶšܹĳѪʨÿȶһγȶӦڶһΣͬʱ嶼ᳯǰƶһξ롣
·һĲںĸƶ಻ʱʱ䣬Ѫʨۼʮͷޡ
ʱ򣬿ҲԼھѪʨǧ׵ķΧ֮ڣƺڵѪʨʳ֮յЩʬĸǰȥǵꡣ
ͬʱһ߻дӴײеҲǱѪʨĽʳصĸȴѪʨ֮ȥĲиʣ
˵ÿѪʨͽ֮󣬶һģʢ֮ʼͨ˵һʢ統ٻϰͷʵֻ൱鵤۷ʳѪʨĲиʣ
һʵȱ۷ǿߵĿܹռλˡ
𣡡
ѪʨľۼѪʨϾҪʼˡ
һʨѪʨʵʵķڵ֮ϡЩ޶߸ߵ̧ͷƺȴѪʨĽʳ


ڶʮ Ѩ
˵ߵУѪʨܿͿʼĵһνʳֻѪʨͻߵһֻ޵ĸǰ
š͡һ˾ͿѪʨ͵ſ͵һڣ㽫һͷ޵ͷ­ҧСΪѪʨͷޱȾ޴Ĺϵ׼ȷ˵ǽһֻ޵ͷ­ס
Ѫʨ䶯գ֮һͷͲ׸ȫѪ㱻ڸˡ
Ѫʨ΢ͣһƺҪԼԵʳܿһͷȥޡ
͡һ΢ƵѪʨٴνѪֵ˵ڶֻ޵ϡ
ţһֻһֻ޶ѪʨѪ֮±˸ʬһЩϵѪⶼѪʨԵһ顣˵ѪʨʳҪѪжѪȡ
ֵǣЩѪʨʳѪҺ޲ûаʹ࣬ȻһֳѵĸоͺڽеĲһһһ
ѪʨʳЩ޵У󲿷ֵ޶һЩ˥ޡôƺΪ̭ɭûоĴһôģ̲ס档
һʱ֮ѪʨѾһֻȫѪʳɾ׼뿪ˡʱһֱԶʳѾʼĳ߿ˡǿٶжҲΪεġ
һƬյ֮ϣѪʨ͵ȶһ˫͵䵽˰֮С޴ӰСѪʨѾʧǵߵˡ
Ѫʨ뿪֮󣬿Ҳǵһϵʬĸǰ
˻˻
һҲǷǳȻķܿ㽫޵ʬ£һ𣬶ʱҲΧ
׶֣ʮ׳Ŀ˵ЩѶͨ޾ԵüΪСˡ
Щ޵ʼȫǺɫĻôԴֱӱһ˵ĿܶС
ϧǿĹûǿܹЩȫɱľء
ѽڶ޳֮󣬿͵ķһХֱӽЩ޸ʮԶһͷһöۿʼſˡ
һö۵һ˫۾֮ǰĵɫı˺ɫͺһֻ۳׽۾ȫһ
һöŵɫâĸ۵оȻһɵɫߡһֱڶһͷ޵Ķͷλáһͷ͵̱ȫʼͣĳдѪĿǻ³ʮʱ䣬һֻޱ˫ˡ
һֻ޵ʮֵͻȻƺܹоһֻ֮ǰ־Ǽʿ־Ȼֻ΢΢İҲ޶ԿٴξԶ֮
ۣ
ſٴηһХʱ޵Եøȶˡ
ôܹ𵽵ҲǷǳ΢ģԵЩٴʱһֻ֮ϵĺɫҲѸ١תƵЩ޵ʬ֮ϡ
Щһ߾޵ʬ֮ϵʱЩԭƤëȻİȥͬʱǵĹҲ𽥱һںڵɫͺЩѪⱻһǿȾһںڵȾһ
ֻ˲һٸʱ䣬㽫ͷ֮ϵĸ۽ıպ
Ѿպãǿҵʳ¿ʼһֱ˵Щ޵ʬ֮ϣʼݵ֪ԼѾٴνЩɾԶʳˣҴҳ˼ڣ޴建뿪ҵս
ȥܿ뿪Ⱥ֮΢˰֣ļҲĲĵĸ˿
ҶܹĳȻոսһ١͡ȴԵúƣӣƺղһͺķ̫ľһ
һ߰˹ľ֮ҵһǳϤĲݴԣ˲ݴ档ţҶ׵˾Ϳһʮ׳Ŀǵߵʧһֱһʧڲݴ֮ǲſ
ݴԵλãϸһ֪⾹Ȼһ޴ĶѨѨڸպùĿȡ
ô죬ǽȥܴվڶڿ˿վһԻϸ۲ʲôݣ̲סʵ
ʵձԸ϶ǳ嵽Ѩ潫һɱǾһʲôֵĵطһصƺҲоʲô֣ͣµ
ûв´ĻⶾɽǵĲԷΧٸΪģǧɽɭ֣һӦпΪƻһ
ҩĵгϸоͰĴԣѾһĽʳڣ˵ҪһڽĴԡһ˵˶Щã˵ڸ˽⣬˵
˵˾һԼĴԣԽԽѾ߱˲̣ŪãղżװƣҲΪԻǣµһ壡ʾ붴΢ԶһЩҲ˺˲̲ס˵
ʱ˲ſʦеĻſͼעһС֣̰ʳ˴
Ӧô죿ܱܶЩţΪĶӳ̲סʵ
ܵĻ̲ס˵ʵҲûʲôõİ취ֻܹǾӾ裬вˣ
˵꣬ǵһͷ߽һޱʪĶѨ档
ܿ˿ޱȼᶨӰԥһҲ˽ȥ
Щ˵Ҷ׺ȻôԸ⣬ǻǽĸݵߣԱܹʱж
߽һѨܹķһѨгŨŨѪȵζܹһЩɢƬʧڶѨ֮е䡣
ǵһǰģǱܺͳɶ̲ס䵱˿·ȷãԱʼնڶĺ棬ƺΪ˸õ֧Ԯеˡ
Ǵһξ֮ڻʾͣʱʼŵһѶճҺ塣ЩҺ֮ϻһЩѪĺۼżܹһЩҺ֮ϻиոƬ
ߴһǳõϢһѾҪٴνˣһεĽøӵĽƻ
ͬڽʱҲֵʮֵķ꣬ɣûв´Ļ˿̿һޱޱȷĶѨĳλãȴǳ֣һ򾡣ڵĥ˺һӣվ΢Щսľ˵


ڶʮһ ֮
ѽ
ƺΪӡ֤ݵĻĻ˵֮˱˿һ̶ִĳХ
˵ӰƺǺԶǸ˵ĸоֺǸ֮ÿ˵ĸоǲͬġһʱ˵϶һЩص顣
ҲҪţȻѾʼڿΪƺõȦ׵ˣǴ˿ҲΪʱֻ̣ҪܹСһЩɱûģоеĿ־ͲҲƴҪĻ˵
ʱѾܹоѨ֮ڿʼҵĻζˡ
Щ˵ֻҶⶴѨĻζȼСǿʩӵĻá֮۵֮£һߵλöʱ¶ɡ
Ϊ˲ע⣬һķ϶ֻҶ׵ĶͷһšܹĿѾһͨŵͨĳڵλÿ
ʱ򣬳ݣ˻ƴӦʩӻСɼͷϵһֻ֮жôˡ
˵ѹĻݡ˻ڿĻ֮۵УϽԼĿڴͳһɫĵҩֱЩ˵СЩܹоһɫҩǵáҶһһöɫĵҩ͸оԼͷ̱ѶˣͺеĻ󶼱еĻ¥һپκջ
ˣҸϽѰɣҲµûѾǿˣǱʮ־񣬲ܹⱯķݿ˿ѾɫҩԵ̲סѵ
Ȼ£еļִ˾ǽĿⶼͨĵطǿڵλá
ɿҺͳɶɣ軹׼ڹؼʱ̳֣ʱ׼ܱܸոջǱĻŪЩͷԷͣǵظʱ̱ܹƶһױȽʺϵսƻ
ʱѾܹоѾʼڵλˡ
顱һһǽֱӱײһһ˶ͷ­ǽһߺݺݵײ˹ǾͿһŷݵѪںݺҧǵ塣
֣ƺҲ׼Ŀڴͳһ޴ķһĶСɳǴ˳ЩСɳǺֻܶ࣬һٶֻӡһ뿪еĳѨſڵλþ£ȥ
𿴿ͷܴ󣬵ȫȻǱһƬƬͬһӲƬʵʵŵġ븯ʴ֮ޱרΪܶ޲ͬǣһȫƬޱȵļӲĿǻ֮иǳʮ̲һķݣͺΪսһ
Ҷϸһ£ϵƬ֮ȴһЩνӲȱڣƺʺЩСɳĳһҶ׶ķӦҲǱʾһЩȡ
ΪÿΪʱܹҳǳʺϵԸЩޣÿγܹЧûĴڣǵһ֧ߵھ㲻ʧһҲЩ˵ġ
Ҷôһ־òԡΪЩ鶼ڱָˣÿһεսƻöܹҶҵһЩ㣬ÿսƻֱӲԱĴ䶼ǳĺ
ôҶ׷Ĵ䶼ǳĲɻȱڶԸЩ漸ûһ˻ᱻ˷ѵһҶͻȻǾʦܹɱƻƵôԲһ򵥵ˡ
ܹõҵӾԲżȻˡ
֣ΪҶ׺ʼնݴ鰲ȫĵطҲ㹻ʱȥ˼Ƚ˵ڵһߵıܺͳɶûôõˡ
ڿֵһʱ˵ʱ򣬱ҲɶҲڿĳһЩֱ֮ӭȥ
֨һܴӿڴͳһǧֱ˿Ŀǻ档ڵıպϣһֵȻǿҵײĻҲǴһֵ֮ϴ˳գ֮һ׶ֵͱҧˡ
ʱɶҲǴһԴ˳͵ĴԼıóһ˾ֳǹ۾
Ȼһ˫۾ѾûʲôôһҲԿɲС˺鱾ͱʱֱӻʹøӵĿ񱩡
ѽ
Ȼɶһ˳ǹڱ֮ܵ£˳Ĵ̽˿۾Сĳǹƿ۾ʱ򣬱ԵĹסˡʹȻÿΪ
ڿ֮ǰɶ̷еһ˾ֳǹֱӱ㳯Űȫĵطȥ
顱һܵʹкŵ˦˳ͬʱҲǽһ˳ǹݺݵ˦ɳȥڿʩһ˳ǹһ˳ǹֱӱ˦ɳȥ䴩׵ľ룬ҲӰˡ
ҲʱһֱһѰʱԱҲǳҳȥҲǴԼĿڴͳһ룬ֱ۵˦һݺݵı˿һ۾С
Ѫ˲ӿ۾зɽ
һ˫۶ѾϹĿǱˡ
ѽһŭĺдӿɤݺݵĺгһ˶ͷ­ƴͨζͬʱ忪ʼƴǰԵգ֮һʮ׳ľ߱嵽ǵǰͬʱһ߻ſҪκ赲ǰ˺Ƭ
ۡ
˿̵Ҷ׷ɿĴԼڳһͨͨСһݴ˹ȥͬʱҲ˷źš
С֮ǰ趨õԱ˷ʲôʱ˵һ޵İšҶױ㽫õʮõ
ڴеǰʱ򣬿˶һͨһĴıҲǺԥľʹͨ˹ȥ
žѾߵĿʼԭڵͨ治ͣĳײɲ֮һͨ˻ԵĴ
ǻ֪
һʵֻб񾳴ɣҪ˭ӲӲͨǻʾҲҪġοЩǿʵ벽ߵСء
ѽ
ڿķйһ֮ͨҲǷԼҪɱĿɶಢûĹΧ֮ڣ㿪ʼ˳ͷ֮һ׷ٹȥ
ΪдŨŨĺ⣬˵жĴֱԭЩխͨıֱ˲һࡣ
ԣֻһͨ΢תһӱҵҶ׵ڵλá


ڶʮ ɱ
һͷһֻѾɽ״̬ĴĶͷչͬʱһŨŨϢҲǴһֻ۵лӳ
ãҪʹû֮ˣܵһŨŨϢҶ̲ס˵
мһʯںĸоҶǴоġ
Ҷ׵ĻһֱԼĿʮ˽Ҳ΢һ㶡̾ͷĽԡ
̬ûзչΪ⾳ʱæߵ˵ľһֻۡ
˵һֻ۵ܹ͸飬곹еĿعÿһȡ㹻꣬Ϊٴο֮۵
Ҫ㿪ɱͱ뿪λãһʼݵЩ٣ǵȻò
Ƚ˵ܵжΪһЩ
ݵĻ˵һʱѾһȭʯڸķ顣䴩ʱ䴩ʱǼѾ㵽һͨһߣѾܹңңˡ
˿̿ҪͣѾǲܵˡ
ء
һƶ˺ѷεӿĺԼɢ𣬿ԭɫ۾Ȼİ˺ɫһɫߴǴͷĸ۵˳
һɫֱӴ͸ʯۼӳɵǽڣ䵽һ֮ͨϡѾһҶ׵˻ܹоһǿϢǺɫĹ֮ɢܵϢ֮Ƕʱһֲĸоӿͷ·ǵѾиһ
Ǻܿ챩ִܱзӦʱѾܹͣͷߵĶ˿Ҳɱʱ
ƣɱֶ׼𣿡߻ﻺƶʱ򣬱ܿߵĿ̲סʵ
ȻıʮֵļУǵĻȴԵ򶨶ˡ
ܵ΢Ӧһ¡ܿƱ˱һԲĴ𸴣һжѾ׼Ϳʲôʱܹˣ
ϾͶ֣ܹٵˣһҶ׺ݶߵȸ֪һεɱƾԼĸ֪ϵľ飬ܹĸо滹̲ǿ
Щ㹻֧ſһɱ䡣Ը̽Ҫǻɱ⣬ҲǲܵģǱҪڿı֮ǰսپ
ϣõƵĴ֮󣬱´һεĹܹԤеһοʧΪ˿꣬һأ
˵֮ǰܻѿһ޵ĻôڱѾôΪˡὫһʮִĶ֣ǽһֻǿޡ
ಡ
ڱһ֮һ˹ȥɶҲȥžԱ裬ЫӺͿǸں滺Ŀȥ
ʱҶ׾ͿͻȻս˫֣ͻȻԼ˫֮д
˫֮侹Ȼһ΢ȻЩǳ΢ԴԶһξˡ
ʱһֱǱڿЩСӷ׷׸о˵ٻʼлˡ
˿ϰֻСѾֲڿȫĸط
ÿһױһֻСѡǿͷжʮֻСңԿĳƶЩСӵľȷƳ̶ˡ
ڿԼٻ֮ЩСӿʼƴĴ߻ԼµѡŲСӱЩ汻ЩСһ̰Թҷǳϲ⡣
ͷǳˡ
һֻСӲϰѣ˲ϰֻС濪ʼƴ˺ҧϵѪ⡣ʹüǿıҲ޷ܵġ
һӿıΪ޴ʹò״ԼһֻߣֱӵڵϲͣšԲͬھʹַ޼ɵıһֺȫޱȵУͬһӽͿһ
ȴǳִ̫áһӵʱ䳤ˣʶֻСӴһִ󣬿ָֻҪˡ
ԣڱܵһǰʱǵһʱҪǴԼĿڴͳһޱȷ䵶ֱſĸ۱˹ȥ
Ҫ֪ɱһֻۡһû˸۵֧֣սֱ½һֻ鵤۷ֵĳ̶ȡ
ҲǳҪ׽۴ӿͷǲܵġһֱӱ̽˿֮µĳطֱӽһ븴ӵѪ̴ܴж˿븴ӵͨ
һһֻȱ֧֣ôýᱻ͵һּ΢ĳ̶ȡ
ųɶҲǴӺʱԽԽСӾȻڿľ˺һȱڡ
ɶֱӴԼĿڴͳһ˾ֳǹֱ˳ȱڴ˽ȥһӿܵʹҪֱ
ڿʱһ˾ֳǹӳɶд˳ȥųǹ֮ϾѪĦҪֱԸҲǳˡ
ʱ򣬴ӺЫҲǿ첽˹
˵λãϽԼĿڴͳһ޴ĺ«˿ڸ
һЩɫҺеĺ«ʳ뵽˿˿֮Сִһ«浹Һ塣
Һײһ𣬾Ȼһɼ̱ǵζ
˾Ϳһ˿ھȻʼͣðẓ́һ˿Ҳڲͣš
ܿͷ­֮µ˿ԽԽѾܹоЩ˿Ӱ쵽ˣһ̿ʶԼղŵʹҲһֻþѡ
鵽Ѿûκεתһֳɫڿͷ
һտɫ˫֮бǿ̱ճһޱȷĵâֱиڿѾصľ
һƬѪĸãľӲλҲǳױɫжϡ
ˣȻûȻҪͷһö۽ƴ
ΪܵһѾն˸ۺһӣ޹ֻܹ֮Լˡ
ʱ򣬻ʮջһ˫Ϲ۾ݺݵĶǰļˣƺг޾Թޡ
ʱҲ˳轫пȱ˿ͷ
øСӽͷпһȴȱڡ
˿ƬѾ䣬ֻʣ»ûȫ͸Ȼڻ䶯Ĵԡ
˵Ѿ֮Ϊѵһˡ


ڶʮ ۶
ܿĸ۷ǳ󣬵ʦصҪõȴǿĴԡΪ֮ϲ˿ԴϸǧëϸѪܣҪĴ˳Ĵ嵱ժǷǳѵġ
ָӵעֻܹһˡ

ȻԲ̷ǳӣһʱͣæµ֮˳ľĺǻ֮£һö˶ĲѪ˿ĿԱŽһװ档
ϸǳ׿ۺϣҲǱı
û뵽ַԽԽˣôӵѪ϶ûһ˿һ𣬿ԺֻҪ㲻ֻԽԽ࣡󺹵ĽƷŽԼĴָҲǴĿǽԼڴĵҩóݸݰָ
ܱ⻰ݵĳɷ֡⻰ͣݵĶȴһζ
ֻǿЦһҶȴܹᵽеİٰζ
ǰӦǺóʱ䶼ûкúϢ˰ɣϵĿЦҶҲЩ˵
ȻҶ׽ӴʱȽ϶̣Ҷʮֹϵ·񣬶Ҽǿѧϰǳܹ͡о̺Ŷô˼׼ȴܹĳ꾿ʲô֪ÿοжôˡ
ˣҲܹӰеӡ
ǰΪȱܹ׼ȷȡ٣Լ׼ȷҩĵǿߣȻͳΪϯˣֻһЩпȴҶ֮мǿҵľ⣬ͱЩȫߵ
Ҫ֪ÿһУͱλȫͬ˵ܹеĴҪٺܶࡣԱܽļ棬ܵҲݽٵļ֮һ
ⲻܹ˵ֻܹܹܲܵ˵ϵ̫٣ЩḻʮֵļҡǶ˵ÿҪ̫ŪҲǷȥܹҪλãڵݵĴҲʮֵΡҲǱĽĵط
ˣڿƴʬ壬ϢһǼ·ȻѾһ񣬵ǽ·֮Ϊѵء
ϾҪȥִеժ۶ݡ
ֶ࣬Ϊ۶ݺһǶ۲ݼΪƣҪҵҲǼΪѵġ
۶Ļг඾֮⣬һּΪµ۶
޴ӱϿͨľ档ϸ۲ᷢǵĶͷһΪ׳ǣ֮ǵıһ۾ķġ
ݴ˵һ۾ķʹʼķţǿĶӶչԼҰ
ȻֻЩĻ۶ûʲô֮µĵطĶҺΪӴͼǿαװ
Ҫ֪۶׶ߵ۶ݺ۲֮һޡǵĸͷ͸һҹࡣ
ôߵĲݴ汼Ǻץסǵġһ۶ҧһǾȫԣصĺֱܿȫ鴤󳹵ʧȥ󣬺ܿ㶾
ˣЩ۶ͨǳȺӶУһһ˱һֻ۶ҧУôܿܽӭӵ۶ӶĽҲ۶ΪѲĵط
Ϊ֧鷢ӳսɱʱһΪ⼸ʳþ첹һϢ֧֮Ҳǵõ˺ܺõĵܿڱܵĴֿ֮ʼһ̡
˳һƬɭּɽȵȥǽῴһƬﷶΧĲݵءݵ֮ϱŶɽȼΪͨ۲ݣ۶ǲ۲м䡣
ͨӲݲͬǣ۲ȫǵɫ۲滹һ۾һĵɫͼԶԶȥͺ۾һ
֮⣬һƬݴԵлŴ۶ƽʱЩ۶ٻ¶棬ǰǱʲôط
ֻҪ߽룬Щ۶ʱֶԾ޽һӶԵʳΪǵķϢṩԴԴϵʳϡ
ʦȻ֮ǰжܹṩһЩĽ顣˼ΪؼĺȻҲûȫĿǡǵʱʦṩһΪЧķԼ֮ĵʱ䡣
Ϊ۶۶ĪÿһƬ۶ĵطٻһЩ۶ػšҪҵ۶ݵĻҵ۶ۼĵص϶ûдȻڸѰ۶ݣܹΪɵҵһƬС۶ݡ
Ѱ۶ݵĹؼ䵽Ѱ۶ˡ
ʦ׼һһɫССǵɫģɢź۶һζֻҪǽɫһȽλã۶ܹ˳ζҵһöһöһ۶ݾͻֱϡʱȻܹҵ۶ۼĵطˡ
ԾǼ۲ݵıԵشܿ㽫ɫȽԵλá֮Ǳ
ûãǱ㿴ֻ߰۶ζ£գ֮ҵ۶Ĳϡֵζʧ
ֻ߰۶΢һ£ûٷ۶ݵζԵ⼸ֻ۶Щʧ㳯ԭ·ȥ
Щ۶ܵԽ죬ǲϹɫľԽǾҡһױǰԶԶĸں棬ʱЩ۶ȥ
ֻܿ߰۶ʮֻ۶һֿʼǱïܵĲݴ֮С
Ӧô죿ǰнʮֻ۶ԱҲǼʱϻͱ
Ѿ֪ʦĴ㣬ҲǺԥĶ˵Լ뷨
ΪЩ۶ǳĽƻڶԸǵʱҪطǳСģһҪһ
ôڣɰΧȦĿǰֵ۶ΧһҪȷˣЩ۶նɱ֮С
ܵĻҶ׶취Ҳﰵޡ
Ҫ֪Ļǳĸӣһǰ۶ᱻЩ۶ݴ档
Ǹʱһֻ۶ѱ˵ʮֻ۶ͬʱʧǵߵˡΪ˱κβԤǱЩ۶֮ǰͽǻСһҪѰ۶ݾû˿Ĺˡ
Ҳʦͱܹ뵽İ취


ڶʮ ٴ۶
ЫӣڹȥԱж˸ں۲֪ԸЩٶȼ죬ҷǳص۶ԲܹǿֻһİռƻȴǴǰð취
ڱЫӳ־ϣЫӵֶЩ۶ĸ֪ͬʱΪǽɱó׼ĻһЩ۶ɢ˵ĻҪץͷǳˡ
ʱһһ˱۶ҧǾԾѪܵһ⣬پ۶ǿ¾Ҫʧˡ
ȿʹ˵۶ĹȻûôǿȴǳ൱ڴ̿ɱֵݣ˷ʤԱܶδЩ۶һǱзǳ̬ȵġ
۶ۼһʱһЩȫУ⸽ֺ֣ûܵŵ¶ǳڰ˯״̬ġ
һ򵥵£׾ͷЩ۶ڵλáϽԱһƣԱ㽫Щ۶λõϢ˻ȥ
ʱЫҲǸԱĿ۶ڡ
ЫӵĹͷԶĺܣٶȺ㲻ǿܹ쵽۶ĸǰ
֮ǰԱѾŵһǱЩ۶һ
һʮֻ۶ѾǲСһȺˡ
ô죿ô۶ЫҲЩŵġ
Ҫ֪۶жԣǵԵֿطҪԶԶͨǿܶࡣһĶغǵϷáǵͺҲĵֿ;ЫѡöصʱҪһϸĿ
õ̫಻˵Щ۶˵Լˣ̫òʧˡõ̫٣ͻᱻЩ۶ڵĿԵʵûκáҲһЫΪĵĵطҾʦҲ޷ԤǾܹʲô۶ϸʾ
Ȼǰǳ֣ЫӵʱҲˡ뽫ǰ龡ܹ۶۶ûзʵʱ򣬸Ѱ۶׼óʱ䡣
ܿЫӱ㽫ԼѡõĶȷ
ЩܲγԼҪЧȷʵҲѭʦһЩ鴦ġĻô̵ʱ֮һѡ񣬻̫಻ȷˡ
ȷԼöأЫӱԼĿڴȡһɫСƿСƿ򿪣ԼΪ翪ʼ۶ڵλͷŶء
һƿǶӣһʱͻǿԣӶȡʱ䡣
ͷŶصʱЫӵ΢˲ԵЩšٽһƿɫĩʱľǷǳȫעģûʧ֡
ܿЩرͷеػһ𣬳۶Ͼ£
˿վ۶۲档ƾԼصṦͬڰУеעЩ۶ķӦ
ڶػƮȥʱҲʱĺˡ
Ϳһһ׶۶ϿٵĽͨ;뵽Щ۶档
ѾﵽЧЫӱȻһơͬʱҲűܵһѡ
ʱˣѣգۼӳŵиչ
ΪǿƵѣƾ˭ܹо嵱Ѿ̲õǿ
˵£ܿ챩ܱ㳯۶ڵλñȥ
һ̣ٶȿʵÿһһԾԾÿһһسɴĸо
֮⣬ĳɶݣҶ׺Ҳһ·۶ĸǰ
Ҫ֪۶ȻɱǺѲ׽һγֵԽ˲ԽãҶ׺ƵʵԶԸһֻ۶óҲﾡá
ɱǼγɰΧȦе۶ȫΧȥԱʼΧߵʱ򣬱ܵһ۶Ⱥ嵱С
ƺΪطˣЩ۶ûԤ뵱зӦôݡһֱǸǰʱЩ۶ŷӦʱѾˡ
һ۶ĸǰͬͭһȭͷݺݵЩ۶ĶͷΪЩط۶ҪԱܵıһȭһ
գ۵Ĺֻ۶ܸʱɶҲǴӺ
ŵһ˾ֳǹǹǹͷƥһһֻ۶ͷ­ųǹһһֻ۶ĴԴͱɶ顣ٴγǹ۶ʱЫҲų֡
Щ˽ıȱ˶һֱЩж۶õһȻַǺҲܹĺݾ
ЫӵĺݡȻݺʹһҲǸһ֡
ֻذ˫趯֮£ĺâݺݵĴ̽۶ԵҪλַǳĶֻһȡһֻ۶
ЩٶĿſ˫֮ϵĿӣݷķɳҲǴ˳Щɳһ۶ͷƴӿȥ۶ͣûһĹһֻ۶Դ㱻Щӿгһˡ
Ҷ׺ҲǾԼһֻ۶ɱ
⼸ͬʱֻһЩ۶ƴҪЩ˵İΧȦͻΧȥҪһط϶ضɵ˺
ʱͿĳԱˡԱ趼ʼΧһκԱܹһʱ֧Ԯ̵ܹʱ֮ڽɱΧ֮ڵ©֮һɱ󻼡
һɱеķǳţҴæܵĽǺõģе۶һ©
ھͿʲôʱܹҵ۶ˡ
˿̣ԱҲǳȥ۶ǵʱ򷢳棬ʱҲҶ׺Ϊŵʱ̡
˿ҶȻҲƾҵ۶ݵλáһͻԵ̫ͻӶб¶ĿܡֻܹԼеĽ꣬䷳ĸѰ۶ݵټ
Ϊ۶ʵںѷֱ棬ŪøˣͻɲɹʧֻܹԶ죬˺Ѳμӡǲժ۶ݵٶȻޱȵĻ
Ҷѧϰǿƶ۶ҲһЩ˽⡣ݽαϵʱҲǽʡ˲ٵʱ䡣һѰҲժȻҪѹȫݵɵĶࡣ
һĹݵһҵ۶ݵλãҲ˳ݵķҵһСƬ۶ݵڡ


ڶʮ ʱ
Ǽˣ۶ݵĲժȻΪͷʹ顣
аʱʱ䣬ҲֻһĹƫƫʱߵоȻֻ۶Ӱӡ
ꡭ
һߴƣһ߷΢ʾ
Ҷ׺ȻǵһЩ۶ˣԶʮֻ۶Ϣȴƺڲժ۶ݵٶ۶϶ӦǴڵģһսѾ⡣
ֻһսΪԷͽթ̶ȣһ۶ȫ߽ܻܼܿǿҵĳ
ҪҪؼʱְ̳һǣ뷨ҲͣҶ׵Ժ档ܿ뷨ͱ񶨡
һмǿﱻɱôЩļʾ͸Сˡĳֺܿݱ¶ȡڶ׼ƻıԼȥӽʦƻԽƵǸ̶ȡ
ĸ֪УҶ׿ԤϵǰǼֻǸε۶һһָӵõĻǲժҩĵʱֻᱻӳʱȻһµľˡ
һٴη⣬һսǵӰܿġ
İ֮󣬱ѾԤеǵЩˡܿͳԱͳɶֱԼİšῪʼʾĵط£
Ƚ϶ѣܵıȻǳǿ󣬵ٶȷǳѸ͡һ־ͱȻһƬɽľôһжȻͻᾪŵЩ۶
˵ɶȻҲȱ٣ٶϺҪԶԶڱܣʺжԼҲǱܵĿԭ
Աɱ͸ܹ˵ͨˡٶ˵ȻģٶȼһȴǿģܹأٴΪɱ⼸ֻ۶˼֡
⼸ֻ۶ɢɢ۲֮СɢʱԱѾϢ⼸ֻ۶ĸǰھ͵ųɶĳֱ֣ӽЩ۶һˡ
ʱһֻǿ׳۶ƺоʲô΢ͣͬһϸͷڵ֮صţڸ֪ʲô
ͻȻԱҲܹоһ۲ݵĻζһֻ۶ǸоʲôƺҪԶˡ
Ա֪Ѿֵʱˡ
ಡһһ˳Ա˳ȥֱӴ̽һֻǿ׳۶ͷ
һķǳĶֱӴ̴۶ĴԽɱ
ԱԼٶȳЩ۶С
˿ŵСֶͷֲǸͷΪġͷԲεģһβ˳ԱεĻ档
һβ֮һЩľݣԵߣҲɱ֡
ԱЩ۶Χ֮еֻ۶͵Ա壬ͼҪһڽҧסֱһѪ⡣û뵽ǣԼûҧԱ壬ҧԱе֮ϡ
ֻ֨֨۶ķݶҧԱеľ档ֻ۶ͼҪҧסԱеֱקҪԱ˺롣
ڹϣոȲŪĳɶȻ͵һԾе˾ֳǹ׷׳ֱ֣Ӵ̽۶ĶͷѪķɽԱǰֻ۶ͬʱɱ
ڴͬʱǰ֪۶źŵҲһֻ۶ûзκмֵϢʱֱߡеɫ۶Ѫ˸һֻ۶ҲĳֱֱӴҪˡ
һʱһƬ۲΢һ󲻹춯֮⣬ûκε
ǼˣֲҲ۶Եżдֲ̿
Ҫ֪۶һַǳûаȫеޡ֮Ծľۼһϣܹһӱ˴֮䰲ȫУڳΣʱܹһеա۲ݷֲӡ֤еĿֻźͲ
˻˻
Щ۶ԽԽֻźͲʱ۶ͷĿҲ΢һ£㷢˲Ե
۶һַǳСޣΪȵĿ־ͬʱҲһַǳײеޡΪԼܹƽͨԵԼʮһЩǿͷΪĴη壬ٻ뵽۶ء
Դ۶Žᡣ
۶ȻƽʱʮʮķֳɺöȺ塣һǿֵʱܹ̼һƬԭУܿﵽǧֻ۶Žһôһ۶˵һЩǿߣǻʾ߿ҲͷƤġ
Ȼ⼸ֻ۶ɱ֮нʮֻ۶ԭвĳҶڵλûǰС
һеʱ̲סĭΪܹоһε۶ѾȫǵƷΧ֮ˡ
ЩϽܴơЩ۶ٶȲ죬ͨʱ߻һʱڵľ档
ܿϢڼʱڴߡΪЩʦ涨ĿҲҪɡԱܸϣʱսԳˣϣܹȥ
챩֮ܺûκϵĽǽƾ輸ƣݱѾ֪̬ˡ˿Ҷ׺е۶ݡܹжϳɵĳ̶ˡ
Ŀǳʮɻ΢Щ㡣
ֿ˿ϵĽ飬֪һѡˡ
ԥһ̱֮ȻһϾɵơҲ˵ǿ˳ˡ
ݵƣ΢һ̶ڰҲǱȻһ¡оڵΣ֮ԱͳɶҲǿʼսֳĳ
֪Աǳɶ΢۲ݣٴγһЩɵ𶯡һӿǽԭͽ۶񾭸˼ޡ
ов֮۶ͷ͵ķһСţ۶ҲǷĳǵ͵Χȥ
һʱݴ֮ҵҲԽԽʱԱͳɶҲ˲ʲôƴ˳ŲԭıԵɿȥ
ǰȻݵˣıʼȫ󡣲ϧһǵĶֱ֮ǰκһζֶҪƻݶˡ

ʮֻ۶һԵĽ뵽ݴԵУֻܹЩ۶ɿ챼ܵ㳹ʧȥǵӰǶ鵱зӦΪĳɶҲǺȫȷЩ۶λáǸǵİȫһɲСĳ


ڶʮ ص
Ҷ׵˿ʼȫ泷ԭʱʮֻ۶ҲѾԼٶȴӺ׷
ۣ
ڱܺͳɶڶ΢ٱܵʱ򣬵һֻ۶Ѿһֱ˱ܵ塣
۶ͻȻϮǱҲҺ
Ϊһֻ۶ڱܵвǼصģǽмʮֻ۶ľܾܿͻñΪ˸㹻Ĵۡ滹гɰǧֻ۶̳֡
ô۶Χ˵ǱܣСӶԿȫûԱʮǵûкһֻ۶ӲƴֱӴԼĿڴóһöǧֵԲ򣬺ݺݵ˦һֻ۶ͷ
ò˵ֿûа𡣾һͨıУһöǧֱӱ㽫һֻ۶ͷ­ķ飬ҲǱСߡ
Ѫķɽһֻ۶ʬһżе򼸺ͬʱءһöٴν۶ʣµİ˸ϡá
űܲѽ׳üЩûʧһֻ߰۶塣ɶҲ֣һֳǹзÿһζ̴ܹһֻ۶һʱĳٶȾȻûмһʼʱҪô֡
ǵٶȾٿҲѱȵĹЩ۶
Щ۶ʮֻҵʱ򣬴۶ȻǳװΧʱҲǲദԭıԵشһǴΧȦͺ׽뵽ɭ˳ˡ
۶֮ǿһΪٶȺԼ֮صǿҺһЩ۲ݶǵıűȻϵҲ˵Щ۶һ뿪ԭǵսֱ½Щ۶򲻵ǲ뿪ԭȥطԵġ
ôһֻҪܹ˳뵽ԭ֮⣬ǵİȫͻ᳹׽ϧǰ˵Ҷ׵˻ʮֲġ
һ̱ܷǳΪӳԲܹˮˣ
ȫ淴ˣ۶ڶ࣬Щ۶ʵЩ˵ǲһЩ֪Է׼ȷλõ֮£ҲܹԸһֱ۶Էɱ
ĵǺ滹и۶ǱҪսپ
Ⱥҫô۶û̫õİ취ֻܹȫһЩ۶ʱΡʱϳɶһЩ̵ܹʱ֮ڽЩ۶ɱ
˵ǱΪΣĹͷ뵽һõѾܹٺõİ취
䡭
ڱ͵ͣ½ŲԼ˫֮Ϻ˿ûԥı㽫Լ˫ۺݺݵ档һǿγɾҵķͳɶķɿ֣һɹͬһʼƴոǰһʻ
һαܿóȫ
žۡһʮֻ߰۶ɵֱ֮ӱը⽵䵽ĿǽҲ֮С۶Ҳ˵ˤڵƴĽк
ʱҶ׵ܹоЩ۶Ĳҽ֮ԭ˸һӲԭĸط۶½½˹Ҷ׵жϣЩоǿֵģƴ߾£۶ֻ
ߣĸоԼѾмģһԵһѲĵҩ֮󣬱һȴŶ˳Űȫĵطȥ
һٸʱ䣬гٵ۶ѾǸոսĲԭ֮ϣѾ֮ززȺЩ۶ֻܹεڲԭԵ˷˻ЩȴŨŨĺ⡣
һҶ׵Ҳӵһ԰ȫĵط
һҶ׵Ȼ˳ѣǳݺҶס֮⣬˶ǲ̶ͬϱ۶ץˡݿԵⶾĲҩĻǽܻܿܵһ̶ȵӰ졣
֮ɵ֮ǰļ֮ҲΪΣյĿˡ
ͱ˵صͳ档ͬޱΣա
õصصڵصҵУζźܿ絽ƤΣյǻмĿǿͷޡЩδ֪ΣգǲԤ֪ġ
֮⣬ҲǼΪŹֵġ
һ˵һּ棬ֻǼͷ޵ڡ
˵Ҫץס沢ҪֱսֻҪͷй֮ȡ㣬ܹҵټ
ҪԼǿͷǺεȵѣͷ޶ʮֵСʱǻûпͷ޵أѾͷ޷ֲɱԵˡ
Ƚ϶ԵصȻλüΪƫƧֻҪǶСĽһЩټһЩҪǼΪѵġ
ȥܻǰʦƶļƻȴӵصˡ
ص˼ڵص֮һֲֲǳϲµĻǶʮϲÿһصǻɫĻĴǳǿĻֶƵҩʱֻҪһܹƵҩϸںϵһ
ڱܵĴ£ѾʼŶɽȵıԵȥһɽвشǲҪɽԽ룬Ҫͨһɽĳɽ뵽£뵽ص׵
λһص׺ĵط˵һЩǿʳһǾʱޱҪСģڱܵĴ£Ǻܿҵһͨµɽ
뵽µʱ򣬽ļˮҲǵĶ𡣺ܿǾͿһ΢׵ļǵߵС
һºӸոս뵽ǵߵУĿһΪѪȵĲԹ̡
һֻΪбĺڱޡ˵ֹ߼ΪĻ£һֻڱ൱Ĵڡմ¶ˮëܹĳѾںӱǱ˺ܳʱ䡣ʱպһŷ̵Ĵǰι
ڱƺһѾܾˣһٴθˮʱ򣬺ڱ建Ĺڴٴ׼Ǳˮ׵ʱ򣬺ڱͬһߵķɼһֱˮС˾ͿһֻڱſѪһڱҧһ㡣
ڴƴҪߵʱ򣬺ڱ͵֫צӿס壬ĲӺݺݵһ˦ӴλֱһѪ⡣
һҪһطܵش൱ʧȥ˺һһ㱻ڱϮ֮֡


ڶʮ ص
ʧȥĴ㼸ûٻĿܡܣȻƴҪζӽڱ˦ȥȻºܣӶһ
ʱڱȻҲȫĴʩڴƴʱ˳ƽԼβ͵һֱӽһ
š໡һĺУͿһֻڱ徹ȻһȦܿĿٳ⡣徹ȻͬһԲһˮ֮ϵ˰ߡ
ʱ򣬺ڱתŴһڡźڱȫĽ۴ôںڱҧס㲻ɿˡ
ĴڰֽԾ˼Σһξڱ嶼ˣǺڱûɿڡ
ڼκ֮󣬴㻹ǱڱҧһҵĲɱǽ
ܺڱֱɱ˴㣬ɱ֮ҲֻǴæСԵһ٣㽫Ϊ۵Ĳ˺޻ûע⵽ʱ򣬺ڱִҴ뿪ˡ
ҶܹоһɱкڱȻյĻʤߣĴҲСһֻ޳ֵĻ²ﱣסԼҲᱻָԵġ
¾пνʤ̭ɡ
ںڱæ뿪֮󣬴˷һȺ߿Ĳдʬ塣ЩȻǿ󣬵ȴ٣һֻʮǿ׳ĺڱЩ޵ʱ򶼺ϼ񵽱ˡ
ԺܴڿЩǿ֮Щ޻ǹѡϴдʬԶȥǼǰɧţƷɶ˻޴Ϊ
߰ɣȻ֮оǱҲǶԸղһĻɱжŲٵĳԺͳӦ֮󣬻ǺܿŶ뿪Ƿ֮ء
һûпһ׵ĵºӣ˳һºӻĳŵصȥǵ룬º֮ľҲԽԽһºˮҲǳʧǵĸ֪С
һѾ뵽²һٶĵطˡ
ȻмΪ΢ĹߣֹѾǿԶľ롣֮±ֻܹԼڴȡһ͵Ļѵʼǰ·
һ̿ʼҲǽ뵽ص׵ΪΣյһ·̡
ݱܵľ飬ڵصߵͨԲֹһܻܿϰֱͨͨڵλãҲⶾɽ޾ۼʥĵطѪʨԵصǿʱҲòѡ񳼷лý
뿪ºӣȻһͨС
ŹԽԽ٣Զ·ҲԽԽڣѾֲָĳ̶ȣʱҲΪΣյʱ̡
ͻȻһȻӸĳһͨԼ˳ͺǧڱһ
ֻ΢΢ڱܵĶ滹û㹻ӡԽԽ㹻˵ʱһݣҲ͵סˡǶЩʲôµĶ
ʯޣֵʱ򣬿ƵԶһЩϲҪ֪ʯȻֻһͨޣ޵ķǿǳѱɱڿƵУȴ塣
Ȧ浱Уʯ޸ȦΪζһʳʯ޵ιЩҲܹ׳ɳʵҲͻͽ
ϴʯҪˣһǳֻ֮Ҫ˵ҵ֤Լİȫˣӵ𽥽ӽϵıҲԵԽԽ˷ܣһֿϲҲǴͷų
εһȺɫʯһʯ޳ǵߵС
ʯ޵ĳʮֵ֡˵һһ֫ȫ档
ΪȫȷʵӲʯɣÿ·ʱ̲סڵ֮ϷһӣƺΪ˼΢֮˫ȵѹ
¸¸¡Щʯһֱ㷢Ѽһļ֮Щ˵Ķ䵱Уһͷĸо
˿̵Ŀȴûа־ĸоϰʯ޳֮󣬿ȻµվЩʯ޵ĸǰЩʯ޳ûʱһֱûжĿͻȻſ˫֣ĳͬˮһǵصĴӿ
Щÿһֻһڷݺһ˫Ө͸ĳЩӴӿƵɳ֮Ǳֱӿһֻֻʯ޵塣
һеʯ޶ĳǡ˲Щʯ޵嶼˪һڵЩһֽ뵽ʯ޵棬ĳȴʯ޵ͣͣĿʳ
Щʯһн׸ߣ༸ǧءǧֻСӵһʳ֮£ǵڻѩһڷɿˮܿ˵УЩԭ۵СӾȻ㹻ʳ׷׳Ŵ˼ʮֹ
еʯޱЩСӳԵ֮ЩСֻܹһʯһĶͣڵƴҪԼԵʳ
ĵĵȴУЩСӿʼķɱ䡣
˾ͿһɫЩСӵŷЩɫâ˸ЩСһɱ䣬һɫŸʽС˵Ķ
ֻڸղŵУЩСֱӽʯľ£ĶֱŷŵһѶһĶѻ֮ͨС
أſֻٴչЩһСٴλص嵱СһεĿڵõôСһĲ֮ʺƶڱϷ˾޴ı仯
ܹоڵʵѾ޽ӽ벽ǻʾߣԽ˱ܵʵȻĳΪ鵱еĵһǿߡȴû˶Ҫ߱ܵȨ
ǳɣԴ˱ҲǷǳġڶݵ֮ͣٴγŵڵλý
ڴﵽص֮ǰǻǾһЩ޵ϮƾǻһδоյĻЩΣ
н˲ľ֮ߵľͷڳһƬɫĹͣӦþһͨľͷͬʱҲǵصҵλˡ
ڵ˵صڵλˣһ¾ȥѰҵص˰ɣΪʵƺͱ̸֮ҲǸıζ
˴󵨵ĻҲ΢üͷ˵ͷ˵еصȻλù̶ǲժԾҪ鷳ܶˣ;ǻҪ޵ɧš
ڳڻûޣȰλķֹ˵һ£


ڶʮ 
˵УΨһܹɵصժѡڵ˾ֵֻܹⷽѹȷܹ˳ɡ
Ϊ˴ǳΣգҶͯǿԵնȲѵ֮޵עڴڼҶ׺ƻҪԱܵģͨУļ仰㽫ƺ׵
׼ȷ˵׼ҪƷġ
ʵûпʼʱʦѾһˡֻҶ׺ƶû뵽ǣһ̾Ȼ˵Ĵæ϶ЩԽܡ
ֻǸոջ޵ǿʳḶ́һеı仯һЩ
ȻҲһ֣Ҷ׺֮ǰѾԼ񵱹ڵλãȻҲû̫Թˡ
ܹô˵ģҶ׺վﶼûж˵ʲôܱ㿴ѾİţŻ˵Щġ
΢һЩ׼֮Ǳ߳ͨ뵽һƬһ޼ʻ𺣵ĸǰ
һͨо¶˲ʮȣԼ嶼ܹ类һһҶײ֪ΪѵĵطˣǾεֿĸ¡
Ȼڻ𺣵ǰżߵ¶ȣǻϡܹڿ𺣵ıԵڶۼȺһŷͽһڵϣʲôһһһĵصЩĤݵλá
ҶͯһܵЩ޵ĸȥǣΪ޵ʥأЩ޿϶ǵΪʮַеģʱֻҪɹǵķУͿԽЩߡ
ʱǾͻû޽ǳûȥժصֻҪӵʱ乻ļʾԽһֱЩע⵽صѾǵΣȻͻᱻģҶ׺ѾƷǱܶǻǱһϣ
ʵƺҶҲ޿ڻ𺣵ĸǰѾ˲֪ˡĳ̶ֳǵѾڼ״̬ʱǵٶҲܿ죬͸Ҷܡ
ǾܴܲЩ޵ĿǾͿǵˡ
ǳˣһΣյ񣬿Ҷ׿ȴһս෴ƶԣԺ̸۵ʱŪûɻڴĿʼ
ţҶͯϣһ㲻ҪϺȣĻһᶪ㲻ܵģҶǰʵǶǿƵΪԼٶҪԶԶҶ׿죬Ż԰Ļ
ҶҲͣǵ˵ͷ˵ȻҾҲ˵ˣһรɣ
ȻҶ׶ƵԴҲЩߵġһ·Ҳǻž˭Ҳ˭ҶȴûںһϷ˿ѡȴѾⳡϷˡ
Ҷ׺ͬʱЩ޸ʱǶͬͣĳЩ޷һ̶Ľк
Ҫ֪ЩǰݵΪʥĶҲǿʱڱĵطЩ޺ܻܿɱǵȴŽĸһһǹǿܹ֮ôǱ˴֮ĳޣͬǿ֮
ôһõվȻƻһʱһϵ޾ȻԼλվ˲޽Ҷ׺ƵͷŹгڵλ÷˷Ľ
һɲҶ׺̸оΣյĽ٣ǰȱ㳯趨õλȥǸոս뵽û̫ܵӰ죬Щ޵ٶȣǻ΢һЩ
ˣݸǵĺ£Ҷ׺ƵٶȻʼձһȶˮƽϡЩһʼٶȺܿ죬ģЩ޵ٶҲǻ½һʱǺҶ׵˵ľҲǻ˾롣
ʱ򣬱Ǵ˴һ˹ȥ
ɱЩʣµ޻ǹڵصǰһģ̸˱ȻһơеĶԱŷֱԼϵޡ
һʱڵصĸǰһ޵ͷ­һܵ˴޵иͬʱѪҲǴǵйص˲֮һʣĲֻڻصڵλá
ΪЩǿߵĳЩϣʣһС޻ûзӦͱܵԼСʧȫɱţݱصڵλÿʼ׼صժˡ
ժߵصȴһ׵飬õص֮ϵ˵㴥һ£΢΢ȥͻᱻǿĻȫ̡
Ҫ˳ժһصȾҪͨ¶ȵĿ顣
ҿʦѾǵһ㣬׼һ˫סͬʱҲһװڷ󷨵ķ
ҪõĴ龧ʯ龧ʯõ󷨲ȶԺãܹѵЧҪľǽصǿĻݰڳҲһԿƵı˪󷨡
ݽʮ龧ʯڻǰصİãܿһ򵥵󷨱ˡ
Ȼ󷨿ܼ򵥣ܹ𵽵Чȴ˿
ݽ򵥵֮󣬴ĺ˪ԴԴϵð˳ֱӽصΧĻһ롣ʱݿԶˡ
ݿʼժȡصʱҶ׺ƴȹ滮õ·ƴš
ԭƺҶٶռƵģڵصҵܵʱԽǵĵľԽ졣ݸǵһЩҩΪ֧ţѾľˡ
ǴĺˮǲϵĴǵСѪҺҲʼǵƤ
ǼˣڵٶȺ͸տʼٶҲһ֮ࡣ޵ٶȽһ̶ûмʱЩ޺֮ľҲԽԽ
໡
ۿЩ޾Ҫ׷ˣһЩѾǰʤ֮ǰ˷ܵĺ֮ˡҶ׺ƵҲǽȵס
Ҷ׺˵ǵԶԶûɡ
ҶȴʮֵΪȡЩʱ䣬Ѿݿʼժȡصˡ
ֻҪ΢һĹݾܹ˳ժȡص
ʱǵӦþԲɣܵصʧ޾ҲһԵķأӶȡһ
ʱͻȻһСͻȻһСֱӵڵϡǺѾԽԽۿЩ޾Ҫ嵽ǵǰˡ


ڶʮ ص
ʱƿźѾ޾Ȼ¶ȻѾʵĲܹ˵ƴĳҶ׷ȵźš
ҡȵǳ΢Ǿȴһʾǿҵ
ޱڴĿ⣬Ҷԥһ±嵽Ƶһѽ忸ƴĳǰš
ҶܵٶޱȵĻȻᶨĳĿȥ
໡
һ޷ŭĺҶͣĻص֪˿Ѿ˳ɶԵصժȡˡ
ʱڶͻȻоһյǸоԼʧȥһҪĶһЩ޳׻ܿЩޱ㳯ŵصķ򷵻ء
޵뿪ǸҶ׺һЩϢĻᡣǳ϶ԼĿڴóѻָĵҩʼƴԼ
ʵЩҩúܴ󣬵ʵ϶˵ͨʳûʲô𣬶Щҩ۸ͨ龧ʯĻһ龧ʯܹšʦÿ˶׼ϰٿĵҩҶ׺ƾƴһҲȥŶѡ
ÿ˴ųȥ߿ŵӾѾǳԵĳŵˣͱҪתܹˡ
༸ʮʱ䣬Ҷ׺ͬʱ۾ԤõͨȥʱݺͱܵҲǴǱһȦҶ׺ôҪԻЩޣЩͽ޹ķأٽкĿĵѰҡ
ܵ˵ΪҶ׺˳Щ޸ȡ˼ʱϵıޱժȡҲǵ춨˳ɵҪأټһЩССٳ˳뿪˵صҡ
û뵽εȻô˳̫ˣܺȻԼڸղ˲俳ʮֻͷ­ʮֵľٴʮֵ⣬ڷص·Ҳ˵ͣ
һҲȣԱͳɶԵʮֵĿġ
ǰϴҶͯбֵʮֳɫܹ˳أһҪǰúÿ佱ǣԱȻû˵ȴ˶ԼѡģڿҶ׺ʵϾڿ佱Լ
ţ˵ȷʵСӸɵȷʵڵصеժȡͷĻСӾӵʱٳҲⲻ˳Ϊ޵ʳҲǿտ˵׻ˣ˵Щʱʮֵԣ˼˵ҪлݣûݿҪ
Ҷ׺Ȼױܵ˼ϽʩݶѾһЩʦͽ֮飬ҲûпʮȻĽĹ
ЦЦ˵ʵҶйֻͣǰӦѡ
ȻûĻȴ˸оʮֵͺԼĹƽһûٶռֳһԴӣǱֵʮֵǫĶš
˾һĺѣǾʱ˶оͻȻʲôֲĶǸһ
ͻȻͨʼضɽҡһĴִܵչ
˵ҶףܡԱ趼ץš˵һǶ˶һޱȳªĴָεץסˡһ֮һëҪ̽ǵ档
ҿܵıǿֱ˫۵㽫һָ˺ѡһתץߵݡȻɶ׽ˣУˣôȥҲûмֵˣһʱݡҲųɶԼġ
Ȼڱ֮󣬳ɶȫ֮һ̡Щ̴̴Ǹ֣ɶҲ˳Ĵһ֮žǿƵѣԱѡ
Ǿʱһ۵Ľ棬һ껹ʮ־ʱ֮һëҲǴ̽һ塣Ѫⱻɣȫ񱻴̴һ

ĲҽУȫһɹʺѪҺһֺݺݵľ£˲䱻ˡ
ȥ裬ȥЫӣȥҶͯܿ걻ֱҲܹоʧ̬ĽûԥЩԱɳȥ
⼸˷׷׳֣Ҳ˳
ʱĻζȴ˿ûзŻ֮ǰҪӾ˼֡
䡭
ڱܵҪ뿪㵽ӰȫطʱͻȻо¾Ȼضɽҡͺ綼߸һ
䡭
ؿʼƴķڣǵҲǳ˲˼Ŀ⡣
ͨͨ
һ峹״ӵ汻ƷţǾͿһ֩룬ȴżʮֵľ޴޴ԭߵλֱƵ棬ӵ˳
˵һֻϳһ׶֣ʮ׳Ĵ֣˵ֵҲʮ׳ʮ׿ˡͬʱһ֩һϸȷΪʮ֧ڵ֮ϡ
֮⣬ĶͷмʮֻڵĸۡЩһֻֻ̽յһɨǰһӰΪرľ޴ͷ­֮ϻһѪڡһѪڵУͬƬһһϣһɫ˿ҲǴĿǻ֮
ء
һ־ֱӽҶ׵˵ȥ·סһХʮ˿˲Ŀǻ³ɿҶ׵˵塣
ãǵصһֻͷޣǸϽͨܣܹײһһͷ޵ȫòݶʱŵˡҲǸоһëȻĸо
Ҫ֪Ȼصͷ޵йһޣͬʱҲѲĽɫϣѪʨּ߹ǿ߶Ҳ˱ᡣû뵽ǽ쾹Ȼ˵صķּ
䡱һ붼ֱӽԱߵͨ򱬣һ˹ȥ
һҲȥȱݡͷ޵ǰܿܵ޴вȥݿ¾Щ᱾ĩˡҲˣôݻŶ˵ʲôء
ȻȹԼǳɶȴҪɱʣĹ˿ʱЫ̷˼á
޾Һ
Ы͵ĽڴһƿҺȡ˳ЩҺйһɹɶҺȻͬһ˿ܽӴһ
ȻЩҺڵص˵ûκɱЩҺȴܹ׽Щ˿ڻõصĵһνֱ͸ӽһͨ׼˳ʱ䡭


ڶʮ յص
˻˻
ܣصٴ˿
ΪЫӸղͷŵĶʴʵ̫ǿ֩˿һЩҺܿڻٶ˿䵽һʱͻ᳹ױڻõصһҪĸо
顱һŴɰʯıķɣصôֱײԱֱͨײı
ΪһЩʱĻ壬һ̱ܵ˶ѾǸղ־ʧˡ
ڱܵصѾΪǵڵصٴγߵеʱ򣬱͵һתͷߵʵɱصܹŪ𣿡
һ̵뷨ǳ򵥣ܹӵصķеõĻôɱ֮õĿԻߡ
صȻڶͷ֮ѲģͬʱЩͷ֮й͵ġȫ͵صһɱģǵһһصɱǾͿ˳أȫԷһ
šԥһ±֤˱еĲ²⣬ݻ֧һֻصһЩơݵЩֶñһʤȯյĸо
һھ
ֵǣصˣĶԱĵصҪһЩ϶֮ǰʲô޷ͻԷԵŻǱڵˡ
ǳ־ȻҪǣڳɱܹõĳ棬γе񶼻˳ɡ
ԣǷһɣһ̱Ҳǽ۱ɫ¶ţһӰ˵Ķİٱ
ǿصվֻһѣôܹ֮ʵࡣֻҪܹŽһģͱȻԽصɱҲγе
Щǿһ֮ĥģȻηһЩԵ˵һʱ˵۾ˡ
ﱩҲ֪ԼӦ˵ʲôˡ
˶ʩչɱصƵΪնƴܣֲ˵ߡ
λɱصͻ׵ҶǰصƼģڱ˵ǰһЩʱЩ˻ûʲô̫ҵķӦǵܰѽЩ˵ʱȴü˵˲һϵеӦǾ˷ܡ
Ҷ֮⣬ǶǳصƼʲôԾðΣҲὫصɱġ
˻˻صһǵǰ³֩˿ˡ
˵ղ˿һʧ֣ΪǶڵصĳȫûзĻôһεصٴ˿ǵķӦûôǿҡǿ˿ʱȫ¾Ȼһɿ
ˡ
ܴ洫˻ٶȴǰδеĿ١
˵ûصһֱ㽫صĿ궢ڿƵϡҶܹоصĳ־Ǳſġ
˷ɢʱ򣬵صĿ껹ĶڿƵϡ͸ܵṩһЩɱصĻᡣ
ڿܵʱȷʵɢ˵صܶྫлñܵлɳˡصʱҶȴֵصȫ˷̣ϻһּһĶš
֮⣬ڵصĺ֮ϻʮΪ׳Ĵ֣صȫеıҶ׵ҪҲҪһЩͷӦٶȵġ
ǼˣΪЩ˵ǵһӲͷƤ˵ص
꣡
ΪƵٶȺܿ죬ص˼˿ûнԷץסΪҪٴ˿صѽж˿ֱжϣڵϣʱҲѾ˵صһˡ
ܵصԼȻһξ룬ǵԼ۾ܵʱȴȫûаѱܵ¡
ȷʵ뼸ʮ׳ȵĵصȣҲһͷһĳӶѡ
䡭
ΪǰиջڣڱܵصѡֱӵӡͬһʮȵĿƶܾͺһ˦˵صͬҲƵ
ò˵صٶԶԶҪĿ˲ֹһĻǵļƻͲòٴθıһˡ
Ҫ֪ڵص˵ʵֻһֻɳ档бЩ˷ɢصעôصҪץסƲһЩѡһص˦Щ˵ĻҪɱһֻɳ׾ٵˡ
ʱһȱ˺͵صĳ룬ܿγһߵɱˡڵĹؼǲͣĴÿڵصǰиĻᡣ
λˣҺͳɶΪʱעƣԱЫԮһҪصס˵Щܵٶ͵ļӿ죬ӰҲͬģĹһֱ˵ص
ڱܷɿı֮УӰ͵Ĵӵ֮Ծһʮ׵ĸ߶ȣȻһͨ䣬һһ״֣׳ͬʱС
Ҷ׿˫ϵļ͵һȦ࣬һִͱ߬ԼС
šˡһһһ޴ĺӰһݺݵص塣˵һοصˡ
䡱һһִݺݵôӱܵ˦ڵصϡ
Ҫ֪һֻͷ޵ʵҲֻǱ۷ˮƽûм뺷ͱ̬Ļͷһͨı۷ǿ߶硣Ǽϱ뺷ͱ̬ĻǻʾĻ߶еһƴˡⲢͲη屾۷ǿ߶ȫһ
ƫƫôһʵѾʼŰ벽̫Ѿܹ͵ص£һصϵĽ
˵һڵص˵ǵͷһ
໡һܱһֻǴ˵صβһڵصɵ˺Ҳ̹ġ
ܵһǿü󣬶ʱ׼ƴܵĵصʱͣһͣתͿѾԼڴеıܡ
һ̵صѾ϶ܱǽɱˡ
һɼҵ˿ӵصĿб³
৵һӣ˿ڰ֮оһγһɰɫĹֱڵλá
һ˿ܵҲԵޱȵء
ܹоһ˿ԲϿô򵥡һ˿ոմӵص³ʱһֵҲǴӱܵбֱһɫ˿ڰ֮
ͬʱܵ͵ĺˣҪ̵ʱ֮ӳص˿ĸǷΧ


ڶʮһ ʳջ
Ϊӳȫӵ˲أǸвжΡ෴ȫӵ˴룬ͬҲ˺͡;ΪӳΣյʱҪȫֵġ
ৡһܹĹȻûдһ֩˿ڰֱͬŮɢһ֮ɢ˿ͬһεĴһ㳯ܸǳȥ
顱һأԱܸղλʮ׵ķΧ֮ڶմ˺˿Ǽ˵صûܹץס
ڵصбֻ΢һСѡǾСŴȨõصеŭʱ˲١
š໡һһ˻֮ͨӳȥ
ΪܵƣصеŭѾ޷ӵĶܻԼǰεص͵ת㳯űڵλ˹
ڵصһζԼȣάԼͷ޵ϸΪҪĻһҲǲ𱰶ԼĻôİȫʱ̴ڷƮҡ֮УòȦµĵҲʱʧȥġ
䡭
Ŵһ𶯵صѾԼ̬Ҷ׵˷ڶ͹ˡһεҪĿǱܡ
ʵôĺʮصġΪĹ޷򿪵صķҲ˵ȻĹҪȵص΢һЩȴΪԶԶڵصûл֮
ֻĻص֮սûаʤĻᡣʹڣǵ˵صĺҲʮֿµġһص˿ϣ˽ѴӵصĿаѱܽȳôһǵɱʧȻʧܶա
ܵص̱ЩǿҪͺܶ࣬򵥵ĵģģ֪һЩġԾЩ˵ʵǿߵʱ̺ԥı㽫ԼĿָ˱ܡҲͷ޿µĵط
䡭
صԼʲôط˿ʧȥ֮󣬵صûƾԼ˿չǺֱײĳűڵλó˹ȥ
һӵصͱܵ˵Ĳ㱻ˡ
ͼΪ޴󣬿ٶȴ˿ʮצӵķɿƶ£صƶٶȱøѸ٣뱩ȫʱٶȳƽһܵ˾Ѿڱ״̬ˡ
໡һصֻ˼ʮʱ㽫ȦԼĹΧ֮ڡ͵̧Լֽļצűܵиȥһһļצݺݵ
ʱܻڿ񱼵У͵ĸоһžһıݺݵ͸ȻûпԼƾŶĥľ飬ǱܵĳԱ߷ȥ
ôһ˵صĶơҪ֪һʮ׼ȷ˵ʮצӡߵʱֻʹеצƶצţһ٣һҲ׼ʱ
ڵصֻһצգôͱ־һٻצûлԾڱܳԱ߷ʱ򣬵صѾצ׼ˡ
ڱܷȥʱ򣬵صҲ׼˱ܷܺܿľ룬ڱܷȥʱ򣬵صҲǽһצͬһݺݵı
ৡһڱܸոնصĵһνʱ򣬵صĵڶνҲѾһαһμǿ쵽˲κζĳ̶ȡ
ΣֻܹԼ䵽ϵʱ͵һתȻ޷ֻܹײˡ
һצҪ䵽ϵʱڱܵǰҲǳһޱȴִһԵĹһҲǧˡ
ôһصȻܵ˫͵֮еصһצڰ֮к
һصһצֱӴ̴һ̵˱ܵ˫šͬʱܵ˫ŷɿĳ룬Ҳͬһֻһȥصĵצžͳűܵи
һһֱעⱩܰΣĳɶǴԼĿڴͳֳǹڵصûзӦʱ򣬺ݺݵĴ۾ǹڵصոµһצʱбġ
ȵصҪĵצиɶ˺ʱֳǹѾڵصǰ
ִҪܵиĻֳǹٻһ۾Ļ¾ͻܵش
Ȼ͸һЩӦܹŹֳǹͬ۾ʲôغ
ص΢һԥټޱǿıܷӦصǽԼԭиܵצ˹ֱӵԼǰ
ֳǹʱصصĻ˳ȥֱӴ̽С
ʱ򣬿˵ԱҲǿܵλýѸ뿪ص֩һοܹλãŰȫĵط£ȥ
Ȼӹ˵صгһαɱ˫ҲѾصķצˣ˿Ѿ׵ϸߡԱʱ֣±ܸӳصĽ
ˣݸϽ˹֮⣬Ʋҩͽⶾ涼к衣Կ˫Ѿ׵ϸߣݶ˵㽫ĽŴƣͬʱһЩҩݡ
ټϱܷʦרŸ׼Ľⶾʱ䣬ܵĽžѾָȻܵĽŻһЩʹǶھս֮˵ı˵ЩʹѾ޹ˡ
໡һصû뵽ǰСһһӳƿأʱҲЩ겻
Ϊصǿ֧Լٶٴγܵˣ׼ڶ
һѾɶԼɱĿˡ
Ȼ϶ôɵıųɶȥܹоܺͳɶ֮Ĺϵһ㡣ֻҪܱƵ·ôɶͻֽȱܡʱ˭Ҳ֪ĿǳɶֱӴɱﵣôɶͻ˳ɱ
صܹоЩ˾ͺһһе˽ʵһ鵱ȱһˣǵķӦٶȾͻ½ʱܹɵĽɱˡ
䡭
ڵصٴη͹űܵٴη͹ʱ򣬸ոջڱ׷ɱĿַ˻
ˡޱȳִ֣ջٴ
ܵصжѾ΢˼㣬ʳȴ˿ûм
ղȥ׷ȫΪԼܺݺݵôһǣЩջҲǳһʳҲѾ͵ǰȻͲپܾˡ


ڶʮ ֧
κʳﶼǿҵռǵصҲ˿⡣
ҵصڻǴڸ˵״̬弱ҪӪ䣬ܹʳӪôḻʳڵص˵ֱһɶõĺ¡ԾڿƳ֮󣬵صٴνĿ׼ϡ
ڿƳֵһ̣صҲǽһŴϣ͵ſͶˡ
Ȼصôģжȴûиı䡣
Ҫ֪һȻڵص꣬ԴװĶȴûΪڵ¶û෴εĲԵУÿһĲԶЩССĸĽҲʼˣοһͲͷޡ
䡭
ӱϿصҪűڵλÿ񱼹ȥѾſƵһЩСˣҾǿתκһλãѶ㿪ļӵġ
ŵصһٿ񱼣ٴ˳ɶͱܵĸǰһʼݣһצѾӰ֮нݺݵĴܵ塣
һαܲûжԼĿڴȡһϸֳݺݵɨ˵صһצ
ͬʱҲǳŵصͣٷ׷׶Եص͹
ಡ
ڵصٴζԱչɱ¾ʱҲǽľֳǹԼСȫļУֳǹҲһ˫ǿı۰ݺݵ˳ȥ
һγɶбҲ֮ǰΪ˾ȱִܲٳҪࡣ
û뵽ǣصֻ΢죬һޱճĴһӱ㽫ֳǹֱӸͬʱһצҲͬʱܵ塣
ڳɶͱѾ͵ص֮ҲڸɿתţͼҵܹصҪλá
ЫǸԵСģԼصľĸԶһЩһЩҲ˫֮вͣĲϣΪСĵۣΪζҺ
⼸ζҺΪСĵĶһβ©ʵһʸ֮ϡ
ȻЫʮСĵĽʸŵһŴ֮ϡ󹭣һöͿϼǿҺļʸ˵ص֩뱳Ĵ֮ϡ
ΪЫӸоõһʸصҪģ϶ᱻסһ֧ʸЩǺҪĴֵĻʸʾҪߺܶˡ
ȻһʸڵصͱֵܽѾ˳ȥڵصڶצͱײɲǣҲصϵЩ֮еġ
֮⣬ԱһҲڲͣѰһᡣݿǱȽ򶨣ʼղͣ˼ʲôҶ״˿ҲվԱߣеĹעս˫ľơ
һǿصһצƫصһצҲͬʱصĵצҲѾ׼
ȻܵԺ͵صҪȵص΢һЩȵصȴǲ˺ܶࡣ˵صʼղͣצԱһ͹Ļûм±ܾмܲסΣա
ǾʱõصΪеľֳǹٴγֻ֡ýԭԸƵ˿Ըֳǹ
ʱЫӵһ֧Ҳ˵ص嵱С
Ȼһʼһ֧ĶԲǺǿȴõصоһ΢΢ѣεĸоܹоһ֧Աܹ뵽ĶԻҪǿһЩ
һ㶾Իõصıԭȵļƻǹ֮󣬵صĵڶצڴܵ壬бű㳯ųɶڵλñи
ɶܵԼһͻȻϮˣ͵һת㽫һֳǹСǹâɨһ˾ֳǹ㻯һصһצݺݵײһ
ܵص籩ܣǱɶʤһֻһײص㽫ɶˣͬʱصһצҲٴλһĻֱɶļλá
˵ɶصһеĻİӶᱻصķצпġ
ʱԱһγڵص档ڵصۿҪɶϾ·Աз
ֺֿݣƺصκԥĻᡣ
صܿжϳԼ˿޷̵ʱڵסֻýԼĵצٴƽֱӽǰײɡ
ЩҲֻصǰѡ
ԱҲײɵʱ򣬵ص֮ͻȻһǿֲõصʱ
һ͵Ľݺݵĳűһת
һǿԭצ֮ϵıܺͳɶ׷ױ˦ɳȥͬʱصķצ˳ϺݺݵһѪ˲ӱܺͳɶ
һǿĵصһҲ͵ת˹һצֱӶ׼ıԱ塣
Աӳٶȼ죬廹ǱصһצУѪ˳Ա
Ƕ̷˽ⶾҩֹѪҩǵص֩צĹȻűܺͳɶиȥû⣬˵ٻһˡ
ܵЩ֮͵Ĵӽ˳ɫĳȫĹע֮ʼտɫĹâ
֮տɫĹâͬһˮһзȥͨ£һƬտɫĵâҲͬˮһصͷ֮ϵิۡ
ʱ򣬿ҲǴԱ߳˳׼֧Ԯ
Ҫ֪һǵصΪڴ˲䡣
͵Ťת壬һŴֱƣͬʱഥҲǲͣչγһὫҪס
֧ԮҲֻҪصעѾĿ꣬ƱѸٳ롣һֻץ˿Ƶһβ;ֱѡ
ͬɫտɫһĵâȴǽʵʵĿ˵ص֮ϣֱӽصԼ۵ˢˢжϡ
ʱ򣬵ص͵һ˦ٴη裬ͬʱצҲǳ巴йȥ
Ѿ˳뿪׼εǵصķӦٶ̫죬쵽ٶȳö࣬͵ŤתķйȥʱŸոշӦ׼뿪
顱һܵصеצֻ֮һЩ̣ǻǴ̽塣ѪʳоԣһӴӰ֮ˤ
һĸԱ̶ܵͬȵ˺ûиõİ취Ҫȫˡ
ʱЫҲ΢еֻ
Ȼ֧ÿһ֧ԶԵصв֧һͲͬˡ


ڶʮ 
һٸʱ֧
ܴЫӵıϿУ˿ѾЩƣ׵Ļ¾ܹµƶҺ֮ϻ˶Ѫˡ
֧ͬԵĶҺͬʱеصͬһ֧֮ЫԵҲ͵һ̱ڵϡ
ֻ֧ûôѡѾЫҪڼȶʱ֮ڽһĶҺضıɣЫĶҺҪϵص
ЩҺ˺ܻܿᵼ¼ʸƫ޷ƿأöýͣ޷Եصá
ˣ̶ҪЫӵٶȺ׼ȷȴﵽ׼ȸʮֹؼһԵںϴﲻҪ󣬿һԻų⣬ʸλóƫּʧ
ԭһҪѵ飬ЫȴǡǡˡҲҪԭ
ʵиҪΪܳжǵЫȡ˲ٱʱ䣬ĻЫӵʧܵļʻǺܴġ
ȻЫҲҵʱȥеصഥܹ֡ôʱ֮ôȶ߻Һյʱȴࡣ
ֻ϶Һڵصһ֮ѾѸںһǿĶѾʼ뵽嵱УԶҺҲǸоһЩѣһǰĶʼģָо׼չɱ¾жҲ
˿̱΢ָʶصѣεķӦ̫ɶ㳯ŰȫشȥҲðΣԱߣҲǴ˵صɱΧ
Ȼʮʱصѣ״ָ̬ɶ࣬ٴδ΢΢Ļζ֮
˿Ѿȫ⼸˽ⶾ
Ҫ֪ĸжһжⶾҪĶһӵ鷳ܴ˿̵صҲЫµľ綾Ƕʱڵص״̬ȴͬܵ½ô죬ԿصҪָʱҲЩżˡ
ʱһٳֵЫҲƣԱⶾ
䣬䡭
ܵصٶԽԽĲǺ֮ǰһļᶨ΢ЩģʶУɱܵ˵뷨ûиı䣬Ӽˡ
ΪصܹоԼ˵ʱ򣬱ߵЩҲʧС˵ЩԼ֮ǰָĻԾĩˡ
ʵֹֻǵص뷨ܵҲһ
Ǳ˴˵ⶼһѵõɱԷᡣ
ܵصѾȫԣ˿ȴһֱûãΪ˵˿࣬ͶҲҪͨ˿Ҫǿ١˫ܹʱ򣬵ص˿ɳΪɱﵡ
ۡһִִ֩˿ӵصĿ˳ȥͬһŰɫҺһܵˡ
Щ˿ǵص֮еľ֣ƽʱֶٿԵʮķʹáڵصҲûôȥЩ˿ˡֱһص˿³һӱ㽫ܸͬʱԱҲûѡǳж׷׶ܿûȫ
һֱĿͻȻִӵһȻɵ˵صͷϿաųСһĳӴӿֳЩСɳôǧֻһӾͽһɫĺ˵صͷ
˵ƽʱصбɱƵķеķڵصٶ޷ŻʱʼʧЧˡһеɫС涼嵽˵صͷĸ֮ϡ
໡
֮صи۶ЩСӴ̴ǰδеĴˡһΪ˻ҲǴӵص֮дͬʱһһŵ˿ͬҪǮĶһĿЩӳĴԵʱΪЩӵĿ߿ҲǱһ˿дӰ֮׹
֪Լֵʱ䵽ˡ
ܴ˿̵ĵصѾΪ޴ʹ뵽һޱȷ״̬ȴʼͣԭûƶһ͸ݿṩ˼Ļᡣ
ԼߵĶԱһ˿ճס֮ǰǿѵͳɶҲٴ뵽̶УݸоԼͷּһЩ
ܴ˿̵ޱȵΣգݵĲȴδйκλңҶҲǸ˵صĸǰ
ҵĸлģҵƽ⡭ݿصʱûвκǿĹֶΣǽƽڵصһ֮ϡ
ʱҶױоһǿ֮д͸ֱ˳ŵصһȽ뵽صĴ֮С
ȻûʵԵɱãȴܹɵصеһʧ
ڵصڲͣʱݵһѾ޿ɷĻѾĴԵСܿصһ˿Ҳʧȥˡ
ŵصеľҲǴҶ߳صĵط
Ǿ䡱һصȫɢֱӵڵ֮ϡ֮ҲһҵĲ
ʱûȥǾֱ˵صβʼΪļ⵶пصβΪĲ֡ܿص֮ǰܴ˵˿ڱݵǰ
һĹҲǱݴԼĿڴȡ˳ЩȻͷ󣬵ʮ֮࣬Щߵи״ĵƬ
ݵҶײͣĸ͸ֹߣݿĳ̶֮ϽʡܿҲǽصĳӸק
СĵһСӣһŨŨĸʴ滬˳ͬʱһɶҲҶͻȻоθЩǼ
֮ݵ˫ʼɵŸʹɨĹһʱ֮Ҷڿһɫĳݵ˫֮вϵϴӵصĳȡ˳
һһٶ汻װһض档˵Ѿӽɵβ
ʱ򣬱ܺͳɶһճ֩˿ѳԱ֩˿յΪʵĿƻƴС
ʱҲǻ߽˿ơ
֮󣬿Ƶ¶һ˿֮ǰַɡǱܲûнȿƣһҺ嵹˿ƵϡűеĻ汻ӳſȫѾǴڻ𺣵С
ʱ򣬱ܲû뿪ǴԼĿڴͳһֵݺݵƵ塣һڿƵεѹڱɷĩ
˶һֵԼҲ΢εЦЦ


ڶʮ ϲͷ
ɻܴԼĿڴͳһƺһŹġ
ġϵӡ̵ĹŹַźϵķȫһ£ǹ۲ǿҲܹҵһ˿ȫ϶һҸ߲㷢ġ
Ѿı֮ģɱҲҪ֮һܶ˶νġϵݱָ֮ͬϵĴָҲװڴ
ͻȻ֮ҶһָоƺҪϵĶֻΪҪıɱġ
Ͼڲ飬͸ûʲôϵˡ
ţ⹫ûа٣¾ûˣ֮ǰԼսĶѾôԼǰһʱ仹Щ޷ܣʱЩΡվ˵ôһŵĻ˻ֳĬ
Ҳ֪ͻȻ˶Լǡֻʼ˵ǴɷģεѾɣԺ󲻻ٳġ˵꣬ܵһͷ뿪˵صͨܿǾ˶ɽȵĳڡ
һΪֹѾȥʮˡһˣһǱصԵģһǱڲ˸ɱġȥƵܵ˵ǲġ
뿪˶ɽ֮Ǿû˰ȫĹǡ־˲һʱ䣬Ҳ˳صѵصС˵һεջķᣬʦҲЦݡ˴ûм顣
û뵽ǽȥʮŪôҩģҶҼȱҩģǹͲСͬڿУҶһμʦ̬Ⱥ͵һμʦ̬ȽȻͬ
һʦǸһʦ׼ϺõĲˮ͵ģǴ̹ǵĺҲûٴǰֹ෴ʼնһⰻȻľ
˿ЩˣʦƤգգƺע⵽ƺͿƵʧֻ΢һ±û˵ʲôǽһת͵ϡ
ʵÿһεʮϸİţеһִеˡʱƿϣѾҪһиʱȥԼƷˡ
ɣε֮ǰ֮ϷһͬʱһÿһҩΪҵ˽˽ϣԺлỹܶ๻μ񣡡ò˵ʦһĻĵģͬʱҲĵһЩС
ϾевժҩΣյģҳ˱ҪҩҲҪȫŪһ١
ΪѾǲժҩĵѡܹʮƵժȡҩģĻһҩǵǵɲˣҪӳʱѰһ
һǵͻһڣܿܲòӦеĽΪڵʱ̫ܵص𷣣һЩǿΪڲժҩĵгһЩ⣬ͱң׽סԸΪпֶĥ
Ƚ϶ԣֻҪݴڵִеЧʶܸߣҲܵѻӭҪԭ
ֻһеȷʵЩ˻˺ۣƣһֱûôֵҶҲǸоЩ
ִ֮ǰʦѾ׼˳ĵҩһεҶײûЯĵҩʦǰ׼ĵҩҲвʣ࣬ټĽʵ׬һʣǿҲǳβסϲɫһ֮ǴӰҲǱһɨա
Ҷͯ˲ٹͣƼ㵽£֪ԸԸ⣿Ϊܹ˳ʱʦͻȻҶ̲ס˵
Ŷܵ£ʦĻҶ̲ס
ͻȻ֪϶ĳ˸ԼһνӽʦĻᡣϽվ˷Ըصǣ
˵Ҷ׵һֱ˵ʦˡ˭Ҫһ֣Լ鷳ĴԾҶ̱ĵʱʦӦָ߿һۣţȻҲԸǴ쿪ʼҵ°ɣʹִ𣡡
һӣЩǿը˹ݱҲ΢΢һ㶣漴ҲһЩĵЦݡ
˵һĲµĻôܹΪеִѾһʵȨˡȻִ»ôһְǰҶͽ뵽ѵʱ˵ѾǷǳѵˡ
ٶȷչȥѵصһʦᵮġȻǿɲΪҶ׻ķչôһֻҪҶܹһЩɼҲΪ೤֮еһԱˡ
һ˿Ҷ׵ĿҲǶһЩͺͶʼɡҶ˵ϵıȴû˶̫ľϲֻʦ֮΢һ˵أСһľ˷ǣ
һ˵ūšΪЩʱЩǿ߶Ҷ׶һЩ
Ҫ֪Ȼڶ౾ǿĽǵĽҲǶõĵҩ档ڿҶ׾Ȼոյõ¾ͱ¶ūŵӣǶҶδĳɳҲǶ˼ֲм
ЩǶĿŵıֳġ
ˣѾԸȥԺҪƵҩ߹һЩڹĵҩҲǸһЩ˽½Ļᣡ˵ʦϵĺٴγ֣һգ۵Ĺٴβ˱ɭա
ʦߺ󲻾ã𽥻ָůͬʱǿҲǷ׷ߵҶǰϲ
Ҫ֪ȻҪôǿΪ磬еˮҲǲ٣ЩǿҲҪһЩԼҪĵҩʱܲ˳ȡͿǺһЩִµĹϵˡھһŵĹϵͰǰֻɵӲŲ֪ȥðɡ
⼸ǿ߶óһЩô͸ҶףݸʾһЩ⡣˵Ӵ֮ҶҲƽˡݶٻһЩмġ
뿪֮һѧͽ㽫һƵݸҶסҶ׽ӹƵһҵݡݿӺҶף΢ͣͣŲЩЦʵôȥö˽һЩԺĹңǺأ
ݵĻҶ׺ٺһЦ˵ϴͲҪôĥˣִܹ»Ƽģ֪ҸղŵıЩмǼȻҽþһҪãǣ
ȷʵҶ׸ոսþͱֵĺһһЩҶ˵һʱȷʵҲôһ¡
ǸЩʦ£ӣһܹõһЩôΪʲôҪȵԿ֮תԼ뷨أ


ڶʮ ִ
ò˵һ˼·תĺܿˣܿҶ飬ҶߵߵʱҲ΢˵ͷ˵ˣҲò˵ȷʵһ˲ţƼ㵽þϣܹõԴɻڴܹչһ֮ˣ
˵Щʱ̫ˡЩ鷢ϡҶЩˡ
ϴȻ㻹ʦıҲҪò׾ٵ𣿡
ΪʲôƫƫͲԸҪִ񣬶ҾðΣȥϽأҶ׼仰ʹλȥˡ
Ҷ׵Ļ΢Щε˵ҲܹһΪΧЩʵժҩǿʵ̫ˣûܹҵλãһԭҲΪҶԵҩⷽ˽ֲ̫࣬ҵţǸҵģ
ͲͬôСлãֻҪܹɼѵҵĸ߼ʦζҲ֮ǿʱδķչ᲻ֻһҪõҵϿǺѰݺֻǷɧѣ⼸仰ȴ˵еʹ㣬ҶҲ̲סһơ
һ룬ֻҪٵһƵҩҩܹʦһɱûбҪǣ뵽ҵìܾ׵СĻĺѽԼϴɾ뿪ˡ
һ뵽ҶҲǶһЩЦĿ뿪Լߡ
ݷֱ֮ҶҲǶһЩ˼
ܹչزȻ˺ܶ캦飬ȷҲһܹҿķʽдźܴķգǺܿΪô֯߹ǽһɶѸٳɳ
ҪԸңж֧ҿٷչѪ֮⣬Ҫ˽йǸ֯ϢĻ֮ܿٴһΣҶҪҶҲһΪ顣
ڳɳʱ仹̫̣˵ֻҪҩԸҵʱ仹ĺء
Щ֮Ҷ׶ԼҲǶһЩڴΪ˻øϢ֮Ҫɱ˲̫ˡ
ִ´ˣһ˹ĵطҶ߽һ֮ߵѧͽָǰһԴά˵
ǰһУҶ׶ԼԺĹҲǶһЩ˽⡣
˵ĹÿЩʦṩҩģԷܹõƵҩȻէһǳļ򵥣ʵкܶ
һ˵ʦܹƵҩ඼Ǻܶ࣬ƾǲĵҩ
֮⣬ЩʦÿҲһֱֻȽֵĵҩ䷽ʼܹܲĴء
Щʦ֮»һЩ߼ѧͽЩ߼ѧͽܹƵĵҩͷǳͨˡõĵҩǲĵҩľЩֹܹѪָ˿ڵҩ
ˣܵĴҲЩѧԱúܶ࣬һҪÿȥЩŪþҪܹϼʮ꣬˵Ҳܹͻ鵤ﵽ񾳣ΪǿߵһԱ
Ըõģʵ̫пᡣЩ߼ѧͽǳԸÿҪȥһ΢ΣյĲժҩĵԸ԰֮ڶ
ʵ֮ôһΪҪΪ߼ѧͽʵ̫࣬Ҫ̭öᱻġ
ͬʱһҲΪҲҪ̭ٻ췹Եˣѡ¾Ӣһ֣ӶõʵĻĸ߼ʦܹõıסԼλãмʦȡڱܵ˳ʱǸ߼ʦŻἫΪĸ˱꣬˽һЩô
ôҪģøԸΪ¡Ļ÷ûԸȥִУô߼ʦҲĳõġ
վҶǰľǶʮͨѧͽǵĹÿﴦҩ֮⣬ᰴЩʦ߸߼ѧͽҪƵҩЩЩѧͽҲڸĹ֮ѧһЩΪǽ߼ѧͽṩľ顣
Ȼ֮ҶִҲг䵱һܹؼĽɫ
Ҫ֪Ϊִ£Ҷ׵Ѿĳ̶ֳ֮Щʦȸ߼ѧͽǸһײ㡣ȫ쵼Щѧͽͼල߼ѧͽͬʱЩʦְ
һЩѧͽҪѧϰͱҪĻҲѴﵽԼĿġ
Ҷһִ֮⣬õлоŸִµĴڡ֮ҲǴһ̶ϵľ
ͬʱÿһִ¶Ҫʦʮ߼ѧͽṩҩģÿ쵤ҩĲһЩִʵÿҲġ
֮⣬ִ»Ҫмʦγʦѡø߼ѧͽһִµְλ󣬵еȴǶţëҲǿһְλʱȴԭ
˵˾Щǿ߾óΪһִµõĺôȻܶ࣬ǻִдɱɱʹ죬ĥʵΪɿǱɱҩĹΪġ
ѧͽҶ׽һ֮ҲǴԼְͬʱǰѧͽıҲʮġ
ʲô֣Ҷ׿˿ǰǹԪڵ΢˵ͷʵ
ִ£ҽҶҶ˵
Ҷ֮Ҷ̲ס㶡ȴûаԼǵ뷨¶ЦЦ˵û뵽һͬյģԺֱӽͯˣҲôңҪ⣡
Ҷô͵ĻЩѧͽһĬĬͷܿһרŴµִ±㽫һҪƵĵҩĿ¼ݸҶףҶͯһΣ㰲ŵЩѧͽҲǲѡϣֵܹĺһЩ
ִ½һСӵݸҶףּ򵥵Ľ˼ִæ뿪ˡ
ִ´æӰҶҲֻ΢ЦЦûȥ
Ȼµִ˵ĺɣҶȴԸоµЩѧͽηηܵСӣǿǰŵҩʲôܹȫҩģǸһ⡣
ЩͨҩĶȽϤݺ𶼽̸ٶֻԼ϶⣬ҪЩѧͽЩѡ
һ뵽ִףŪҲǸ߼ʦһο飬ҶĲƽҲǶʱɢʱٻһЩԣ㿪ʼ׼һĵĸЩѧͽЩҩѧˡ


ڶʮ һ˫
Ƕ֪˰ɣЩЩľګı飬Ҷ΢΢Ц˵
ʵЩ򵥵ҩıͺףټЩҲɵӣһ֮ȻеĴţԿʼҶ׵Ҫвˡ
֮ҶҶ΢һЩѧͽලָԼҲͿԵһ˦ƹ뿪ҩĵķ䡣
еСӾҪȥ濴ˡ
ȥĵһȻǸʮ߼ѧͽڵĴ档
Ϊִ²ʱʱÿһƵҩĻ⣬Ϊ˷ִµĹЩ߼ѧͽУÿ߼ѧͽ֮бȻͻѡһʵǿĸ߼ѧͽΪƵҩʱһҩ⣬ĹȻҵִ£ִҵЩЭ̽
ڴУҶƺЩ鷳
һ뵽Ϳʮ߼ѧͽԼλģм߼ѧͽ˯ûκ֯ɡȻЩ߼ѧͽҲǵһΣѡļߣûʱϵĸǳɢ
ЩܹΪ߼ѧͽһҪŲ裬һҲҪΪ緽ﵽ鵤СɲſԣʦҪҪﵽ鵤۷塣Ǹ߼ѧͽǳʦĳЩ涼һЩʱ
Ҷ׾ôµм䣬ʱЩ߼ѧͽЩĿ
ʱֻһ߼ѧͽĴҶ׵ĸǰȵĹͨļ䡣֮ЩεĿ˿ɢգʮε˵Ҷִ£ҲЩˡ
Ƕ̫޷ʤΣֵĶЩɢҲҪ⣬ȵƵҩĲ͹ʱȻͻɻĻΪѣǸҪùģЩʵڰοҶף߼ѧͽʵϾġ
Ҷִ£ҽȣǵһĴƺΪȺҶһҲʮᣬҶڵĴЩͬĸо߼ѧͽƺûаҶ׷ִλõҶüͷ̲ס
˿Ÿ߼ѧͽһڵӡҶֿ˿ʱ䣬žһҩ͹ٻҪһӵʱ䣬øЩ֪ߵغСڳһЩ϶
ʱҶվ΢ʩչһ½ǿʼ˵ˣλҲҵһִ£ǳлǶҵϣҶͯлˣ
Ҷͯվ˵ǰЩ΢΢ʩһЩ˿˿ҶӦûУҲЩҲסҶֻ΢΢һЦǸԼһֽ̨˵һЩһ˵ģȻԺҪ£ǾͱҪҵĹء
ڵʱӦҪ׼Ƶҩ¯͸ƷˣȻû˼ھͿʼǵˣֵĵǰҵָ
Ҷ׵ĻЩ߼ѧͽƺΪ֮ȸҪ˵Ҷױ㳯˰֣˼˵ܹƽ
ԼϵСӿʼ裬ǰ
˵Ҷ׵һνеľǵڶ߼ѧͽĴ
裡Ҷһ飬ȻûзӦҶֻ΢΢һЦ˵ȻôڿʼͲǸ߼ѧͽĴˣҽ˭˭վǸ߼ѧͽվĻôܿϧΪ߼ѧͽʸͱˣ
裡Ҷٴ֣ûվ
ǺǡҶѾЦˡ
˭裬Լλһպεı׼Ҷ׳ء˭֪ҶѾڵλ˹
ɣҶָָʮ˵
Ը뿪ˣҶ׸κξı飬ֻ˵˵ʾ뿪һӿǽŭˡ
û뵽Ҷ׵һξ͸ҽߣʱЩŭԵվҶЦ˵Сӣֻһִ¶ѣʲôʸߣ㣬õʱ㻹֪ʲôطʺأ
˵軹ָ˵Ҷ׵ǰأƺΪôġ
˿裬Ҷ׿Цһ¡ѹֶԷбºԼа壬ԭ鵤ɵʵ㱾ǰЩ鵤۷ҲûʲôԼֻҪָͻҷ
ƺûⷽľҶϵĿЦѾԼݲµˡϵʢˡ
ǰߵҶ׵ĸǰʮļ˵СӣҲְ꣬λѾǲˣԺʶҵӣһܹѰԺǳصġ
ҪŪһ£ߵȥˡ
Ļû˵ʱֱ۾ͱҶ׸ץסҶֻ΢һ跢ɱһĺС
Ҷûֱ̫֣ӽǰһݺݵˤڵϣֽ˵ٲӹ̣ܽ³ҵģ
һλҶ׾Ӹ˵ˡ
û뵽ԼȻ䵽³ʮֲԼ鵤ɣôǰëӡ
Ҫ֪߼ѧͽУкܴһǴѧԱתȥġЩѧԱ䲻Ǻܴ󣬵Ҳжʮ꣬Ѿʮˣôܻ׾ͷһʮ߰ëӶǵָء
ǱҶһӾʹڵصܴܵһҶ˵ʱֱӴӵϷͬһһ㽫ӷ˰С
ı˫͵ڰһţȫֱӶ˫֮ϣ͵ķҶס
ͬʱ˫֮ϵĶѸٵγһɴϵļָкϣצֱӿҶ׵ɤʺһҶλñץס൱ڰԼ͵Էˡ
Щ߼ѧͽ΢΢һ㶣û뵽ôͰԼɱﵸˡϸҲ飬Ͼ豻ҶŪޱǱҪһӷҲǺϺġǾ̲ɣᱻԷԵģǾͲˡ
ʹɱﵣ˫ֻצҪҶ׵ĺ˺һȱڵʱҶվԭصӰûлһֿ׳յĿ⿴衣һԤϵʲô˿ѾǼϲòˡ
Сӣ㱻ɱˣǾ͹Լùɣ˵ţ˫͵һҶ׵ǰͿҶ׵Ӱֻ΢һΣȻֱӶ΢˫֡ҪıʽֻôһѣΣҪȥһ
һ֪ҶײǱϿô򵥣Լô³çİҶ׸ˡ


ڶʮ ͷʦ֣ʿ
ҲҪ˫ֻȣϣܹΪ֮ɣ˶Ϊһ˫ܹ۽Ҷ׵Ĳӽ˵ʱҶ׵ֻ΢һԼǰһ
ʵҶҲûʲôֻһȫʱĴ󲿷һ͵ȱ֧֣ȻޱȻ㱣ǸʱҶٶȻײˡ
ҶǰϾҪɹȥʱҶֻ΢΢һ豳·ϥǵᣬ˾ͿһӰֱӽ軹ڰеȽʵʵĸһš֮ھʹһ˺ѷεĲҽ֮
˾Ϳصˤڵϣûлȥһ˫ҲǱҶֱ߲ˣʮڵϡȻûѪĹͷѾǷԹˡ
úݰתҶ˵ĵһ仰䡣ɼҶһѾеϣˡ
仰ʱڳ߼ѧͽҲǸоͷ΢΢ð亹ûбҶ˫壬ܹо˫֮ϱ䣬ͺǺһżʹһ
ȻǶҶ˽Ĳ࣬ǶȴǷǳϤһǳ׺ݣȻ˵ˡúݡĻԿĳжôҶˡ
Ҷ׶ȴ˿ںԴһЩ˵裬Ծ³ֻǴһ˫ȣ㻹кתĻᣬҰСˣ㻹л𣿡
Ҷ׵ĻʱһԼҶԵ³˵ǿʳҶײִ£ʵֱǿҶֻܹԡ
ɫ΢΢һʱҶֳȴ˵˸Ҷײȣִ£ֵֻ¸ɻĸ߼ѧͽʵһ㣬Ƕల£ƫƫҶŸɡ
Ҵ㣬Ҳû˸ԩҲǰҸᣬԼѡǸԣʵʵĻԺ˵иķչأ
ò˵Ҷһ־ܲӴҲⲻһ֪̾Ҷǳ׳Զˡ
ҲԹͳŸղҶһ־̵ܹҽǵʯܹ˫ȸϣ˵Ҷ׵ʵԱǿ̫ࡣ˵һȻҶ״ĺܲңҲķڷ
ԣҲˣϣܹҹ⼸߼ѧͽҸȻ֮ǰ˵ЩЩҶף⼸仰˵ȴ⡣
Ҷ׿˿Ѿзϵ˫ȣҲûдϡȻԷҪԼҲûбҪ̫ԼĿڴͳһöƾ衣ӹƾҲûԥֱӾͳȥ
ƾúǿܹڶʱ޸٣ǹҲûʲô̫ϰֻҶ׳̫ݣֱӽɷԹ۾ЩŪˡ
һЩϣԼ˫ȹ̶ŪչɣҶ׿˿һЩ˽
ʰ裬ҶЩǰ˵ֱͬʥּһĺʹˡ
Ҷ˽֮һЩ˵֪֡˭˭΢һ±뿪ˡһȥݻһʦˡ
˶ǳʦĳ̶ֳ֮ϻҪܵҶ׵Ĺƣǵĵλĳ̶ֳϱҶ׻΢һЩЩΪͿ˭ܹѹĹ˭ˡ
ЩĳʦǲɵҪԼʵȥѹִ£κҶ׸ùϵܹԼ󻯡
Ҳ漰Щ˵۽⡣
ΪһѧԱܹ߼ѧͽλãϾͺˡʮ궼λϿصĶС
ʦͲһǵ۽㣬˼·ҪǵȨ󣬸ɣʩչĿռҲԶԶЩ߼ѧͽǲپǰЩ棬ƴҪͻڵľǿһ֣ĳЩʦһҪͻ鵤۷壬ﵽǿߡ
ЩЩ߼ѧͽ顣Գʦʱ򣬿ԺǸϵ׽ˣһЩСһ棬ҪѰĶˡرǹϵ͸Ե޷Э
ȻһжǽʵĻ֮ϵģһʵԶԶǿЩʦҲᣬʲôԹԡ
֣ʿϸ磬յ⻹ϰ𣿡Ҷͨһõ֮һЩɣȴޱȾĶЩҲǳǰ
˾Ҷµͷʦ֣ʿ
Ҫ˵֣ʿʵȷûǾƢ̫ҿߵ̫࣬ŻᱻһӸǵ͵Ҷ
һҶҲûʲôɫԷϾԼͷӣҲһͰѹϵŪĺܽҲǷ˵Ҷִ£Ҳһ죬ʲôòõأ
Ҷܹĳ֣ʿȴЩɥ鲢Ǻܺõӡϸ֣ʿҲǿġ
ԭɵĺúõģȴΪԼԸһޣҷ¶ϲ󾫾ͱǵ֣ʿﻹʮֲˬģȻһʮ˭ҲҲɡ˵֣ʿڻһֺûƽȮ۵ĸоء
Щ鱻Ҷ׿ȻģȴȻֵʮֹӣͺõ֣ʿĸͬһ
֣ʿֲмӣҶҲûа㲻Ȼߵ֣ʿ¯ԱԹԵ֣ʿϸ磬֪㱻׶Ǽһﲻ߳ﲻ۾
ȻҴûۼ֣ʿϸƵҩḶ́ȴҲԷ¼ϸƵĵҩ
ò˵Ƶĵҩζ嵭˻ζҵҩҩԷǳƳǵҩ֮еļƷ˼֣ʿϸܹмʦˣһ仰˵ĻʿΪ֪Ҷ׵Ļ֣ʿϲ¶һЩȵı顣
ʵЩѾ֪ٱˣҶ˵áֻһʱ仹Ҷô֪Щġ
˿Ҷ΢ı飬ͺҶǷԷθôΪһ
ôһҶ׵ĳɼҲԽԽˣҲһûеطðҪȻҿѾмʦˣҶִ˵ĺã
֣ʿ¶һ֪ӣҶ׸Ͻóƿ֣ʿϲСƣͳһЩϲԵСˣ¯֣ʿ˵֣ϸ磬Щ˾͵Ҹӷ磬Ժ£ҾԲģֻҪúøɣԺĺӲŸոտʼأ
Ҷһ߽þƺò˷ŵ֣ʿǰһ߸˵ûʱҲǽ֣ʿеĳһ롭


ڶʮ һ
ǰЩС˶Լƽʱϲ¾Ʋˣ֣ʿͻȻǰֻʮԲô򵥵
˵ܹ뷽跨㵽ЩԼѾǳѵˣ˵ղŵһ˵ĿĻҲʵ۽󿪡û뵽һֻʮ꾹Ȼܹ˵һĵĻٴһЩĻ»۷ɡ
ˣ֣ʿҶ׵ʶҲ̶̵һ֮з˼Ƿ츲صĸı䡣
Ҷִ£û뵽ôңջ֮ǰ˵ЩԺרΪµģ֣ʿ΢˾پƱʾҶԼҪһںȥָԼһƻ˵
ǺǣʵЩҲҪ̫ںϾȷʵ̫ᣬԺִܲ¾Ϳ֣ϸİˣ֣ʿһںľƣҶҲǺĺһ
ֻ΢תһ£㱻ϡ͸ɾˡʵ뵽ľƾֻкСһ֡
ˣЩҶ׵Ҳ΢һЩ
ţĹȻҲҪЩ߼ѧͽûûҹĹϣǸҪЩʦ棬Ļÿµ겻ɣûнܵģҶֺ֣ʿһ֮뵽⵱С
֣ʿҶôĿģҲϿҶˣôÿһҩѺùˡ
һ֮£֣ʿҶ׵ԽԽˣˣû뵽뷨ǲȷʵϼһҪǿˣϣܹЩð
Ҷ׵һЩ뷨֣֮ʿҲ档ͬʱҶ׵ĸ˼֡
ţǰĻ˵ûȷʵӦðЩʵһˣĸʦ֣ϸȥˣݵһСƣҶױ㽫֣ʿüЦǻһЩʱ䣬ʵ֤ССĸȴΪԺĸּƻƽ˵·
ˣЩͽҺˣ֣ʿڲƽСҲڲƽĻҪһͷײˣ֣ʿҶ׺ĿģȻҲСϺҶ׼ƽϡ
Ҷߺ֣ʿԼλ΢ԥһȻܹоҶȷʵкܶĵطҲҶ׻ķˮֻһЩɻΪʲôһֻʮһޱȳȣ̫ĳ죬߱ǿĶȫֵƿء
ѵһǧѵһľţ
֣ʿԼжϴỳɣһȴЩԥˡ
ȻЩ黹дȶŲҪˣҾҪ׶֣ʿ뿪ѵͲܻˣ֣ʿһСһСҲɨɾ֮㳯ȥ
Ҫ˵Щʦ֣ʿİ֣ʿһݣǾǵĶʦ
˵˵ȥ֣ʿʱҲˡҲʮʱ䡣ϧʮ꣬Ϊȴûа仯ʼôһ޷򿪵ĽᡣĻЩ۵ЩѾмʦˡ
ֻĿǰҪﵽмʦ̫һЩܹȵôһһɳĻᡣ
ȻҶҲ̫ϣܹԤеҶ׵ϻҪĶȴʮ꣬Լʮ֮󻹻ĻᡣڴҶйʱ֣ʿԵøġ
ȻģҲûдﵽԼȥĵزҲ֣ʿԼõĵޡ
ʦôˣ֣ʿԼʦϽԼλվ
ֻһ߼ѧͽ֣ʿʮ֮ڶԵʦпڰһεһ֣ʿεʦְλϣҲЩܳĸо
ǺǣǲǶе棿ʦеɻ֣ʿҲǺٺһЦּ˵ܼ򵥣ǾҸոռεִ¡
ŶȻʦûмҶף֣ʿôɫһ˵ܹо֣ʿ˵һܸˣϴʦ̸֮һܿ˰ɣ
֣ʿڷǳĵıϣɵҲ֪Ľ
ţǵģǳرȼ˶δһ;ϣͬʱҲϣܹʮ־񣬰һĵҩãҪҳ֣ʿڼʦƵҩ֮ǰһЩ׼ֽ֮һЩ飬ȥת˼ȦʱҶҲǻص˴ҩĵķ俪ʼһΪæļල
Ҫ֪ƳѵĵҩҪкõʦʦṩõҩҲǷǳҪġ
ȻûдãΪ˲ø߼ʦҵëǾԲ᷸κεͼὫ߼ʦԼÿһķǳƯġһ㹻ӽ߼ʦĻᡣʱҪʲôȻˮˡ
֮⣬Ҫ͸ѵصĸ߲㵱УõǸ֯Ϣ
ȻЩǳݣǶҶ˵ڰЩ鴦ãԺóֵ׼ͬʱҲԼһʧ͵͵㡣
ãһͨҩҩĿͳȥˣҶ׿ЩѧͽҩķּϣּһǽһΪͨҩҩĹˡھǸЩʦҩˡ
嵤Ҷ׿˿С֮гҪƵĵҩҲǿʼһҩĵ
ţβ㹻ҲԡСӣҶ׿ʼһһ浤ҩĳɫ
Ǿ鵽һҩĵʱԭʮƽıͻȻޱȵѿΪ͸ҩľȻѷţݣţβͲݡҩȻʮǱȴʮǧ
ҶûмֱͨĻһҩƳɷƷɶҩһֵҩȶ񣬶߻ħļʻӡ
ҶܹоһҩĲǸҩĵִзģǶԷΪġ
ΪţβͲݱһַǳֲͨûʲôҩüֲֵ;ֻݺˡ
ҶԭЩº͵ıҲǱޱȡüָֻƽıҶ˵ҩľͰ˵ȥҲҪżߣǵһһܹ͵ʦ
ˣҵĻ˵ˣǿʼ⼸ҩˡ
ЩţβͲҪʱߣһһὫķţݸͻģҶ׽ţβͲװԼĴָ뿪ԼŷַҩĵĴȥ


ڶʮ ˾Ҫ
һͿһѶҩıĶѷŵ಻ͬ
Щѧͽ͸߼ѧͽڽͬҩķֱã׼͵ͬٴμӹ
Ҷ׵ǰһִҲڲͣļЩѧͽ͸߼ѧͽĹͻȻִ¿˿ڵҶף΢΢һ㶱֪Ҷ״еĿˡ
Ҷּ飬ջִӭȥʮʵҶִ£˵һΣ㲻úôһĶֵô͵ˣʧԶӭ
ҶԷĻһ֪ԷˣҲʡ͵ĵơ
ڶԷ߹˵ʱҶѾһЩĻǺǣִ£ǹ˶°ղһҩӦǴͳİɣ
ҶôһʣִһЩΪȻ˵ǰȻ͹ȥģôҩĵû˵ɣ
ִ˵ʱɤԼĳЦƺΪҶ׸ûҶ׵ʱʼչЦݣƺڹΪҶס
Ҳѹ֣֮ǰ֣ʿһ̸УҶ˽⵽׶ϵã׶ûԼҲʮƽ顣ڿ黹Ƿˡ
ʵҲʲô£ͷϵһЩҩƺҸˣҶ׻Ĵӿڴ潫ţβͲݸ˳
ԼҶ׷ȥţβͲݾͰڷԼǰ΢üͷҪҶ׾Ҫ˵ʲô
ִ£˼ҲãղֵһѧͽⲻǷţݣţβͲݣҵʱͻˣþôĵطִ͵ҩĻܹʹѧͽֱ̫ˣţβͲݺͷţݶֲ˵˵ʲôأƤĸǽһҶҲûиЩţβͲֱڵϣ㱧Űӿʼ߶
տʼҶ׵ĻûʲôоҶԽ˵Խûջ𡣸ҶָɣҪԼѿһӻɫЩѿˡ
Ҷ׻˼˵ȥҲЩջİ˰˵Ҷִ£㲻ϷˣţβͲݣǸѧͽ˵ĺܶԣִºʲôһҾͲףΪʲôͷôûõִأ
ղҶָɣǵ˻ͲֱָҶ׵ıӿˡһ֮Ҷһ̨£ҶЩѿɫʱ˼˵ȻҶִ£˵ֻһСִֵ£ЩŪĻ̫һЩӦõġ
ˣʲô飬ҸЩҩģûҼˣţβͲݣûв´ĻѧͽƭˣƺҶ׵˼ڰѻ˵ˣ˰ԼִַĶӣʮ˵
ֶʱҶһֳȥĳ嶯ǽԼĵеʵ
ô˵ǰ˲ϸղЩţβͲҶ׵ġһҶû취ˡ
Ҫ֪һҩĶǵǸҶײҩĵЩѧͽûʲô飬ټ϶ԷˣһţβͲݻ뵽Ҷ׵Ƥӵ¡Ҷ׻ʱҪһѾˡ
ԷȻҪ޻ԼôͻһЩ˿ģԾô˵ˣҶҲȻᷢŭġȻֳʮְյ˵ȷʵЩˣִĻǲְ
ˣ֮ǰһţǴʲôطȡģܲܿһȥĻأҶ׿Щĵεı֣Ҳûֱӵƣתʵ
Ҫʲô㲻ȥǸѧͽ׷ķţϹڲǵ𣿡ɫһ֪Ҷִ±ĻҪѶԸҲǰ̾ҶѶԸôʱûҩҪԹԵģ뵽Щʱ򣬻ﻹһЦ
һ٣Ҷ׵Ķͷ֮ҲðһЩ麹ϽתͷԻ˵ִ£ʵҲҪҵһЩ֤ݣ֤ҩѾ﷢ˣҲһҲһǣ
Ҷ˵Щʱǰ밧󣬰˻ӡ룬Ҷ׿ô
УҾʹȥϣܹǸ͵ţݵѧͽϱֵĺܿҶ׵޵ͬ顣ʵѾҶ˱顣Ҷ׾һʮĴ
ȻˣĴŸɾͣҶھٱҲһԿùġ
ȻҪҶȥȻͲװ٣ҲûбҪװ١Ϊ֮ǰܶǰĺΪԼѾĵˮ©ˣڴҶȥŻĵطҲǳš
ҩľǴͳȥģǳ㿴ɣ˵Żִ±ǽ֮һӵݸҶסҶ׿˿¼ȫûκ⣬šš˵ĻӷţȷʵǷȥˡ
ҶһãȻʱҲЦһ˵ôҶִ㻹˵Ļ𣬻һξͷôĴԼ֪ڸģҪ鷳أ
֪ԼĿѾԸҶ΢һЩˡԽԵЩͷЩǿӲ
ִ£Ӧҵ飬ô鷳أֻҪһЩǶʧô෭ţݣôҲҲʲôطͶأܸղűֵĻʮ򶨣ڿ׼ȷ֮ҶҲЩˣʱ񾪻ʧһʼûִҲǼΪ⡣
ҶҲ˶ѡִô꣬ʲôûιѵһʮ겻ɣҶԽǾʧ룬ԽԵõ⡣
ٴδ̼Ҷ׵ʱˣٴЦ˵Ҷִ£ȻҲʲôͲҪ˷ҵʱˣҿ㻹ǸϿ취ŪҩİɣȻĻɲҪܵͷģʱҲﲻʲô
⼸仰˵ķǳأѾǸҶͨˡҶԵԽıҶ׺񷢷һץס̲סǲʹҪ׶һңȻĻΪʲôû£ƫƫأ
Ҷһ˺Ż죬һʧص˵һֱԱ߸ɻѧͽһΪ﷢ʲô顣
ΪҶ׵³çûԭɫøӵʵȴһЦƺȵõġѾˡ
ʵ׶߻һҩĶʧ¼޷ǾҪҶױƷ衣


ڶʮ ߲
ȻҲֻһֿܶѡ
ҩԼ©֮¶ʧԵĽҶܵĳͷǱڹҶ׼ȻǳҲиĻᡣ
ʱһҶʹж˳ˡ
Գ֣ʿԽŸҶ߼޻˳Լ̵ٵˮ˵ֱ׶ͻ߼޻ų켺ð취
Ҷִ£㲻ǷˣϽ˰ӸץסҶȻŵʱ򣬻һѽҶƿߵļѧͽҲһӵϾҪҶ׸ץ
ʱһƬĹҲˡͬʱİ׶ҲżĸϵҶ׺ͻִĵط
СӣҶͯɣҩĶ˾£ѵǲˣҩ˴Ϊһִ鷳ģҶһջӣ׶ͻȻ˽Ҷ׸ΧһҪصЦ
׶Ǹʲôѵ֪ɹСִȨҲ˶٣ʲôʸ׶ҶΧƺѾǣ浽˽˶ԹոոϵĹЩ˵վ˵
ʱ׶ſҲǸ⼸Ĺ¡ȻµΪ粻ǺܸߣǱ۷ʵϾҵˡ
׶ܹ˼ʮһǳҵĵ̣ʲôҲܹҵˡĻǻ첻ȥˡ
Ȼ˵֮׶ϵıҲԽԽάԭǹ´ˣɹ´òˣʲô´˵
׶Ļ͸Ͻܵǰղŷ΢һЩ˵Ҷ׵Ĵ󣬵ǻҲһʡ͵ĵơεҶִ¾ûʹһҪռλ
ˣ󶼲ְ֮Ǽֻ֣Ҫ˳ⶼĻҲǰ˰˵׶ʵûʲôؼҩܵȥ˺ܹؼҶִܹҪһʧҩģΪʲôܹദأ
ҲһϲϢ˵˵ЩҪѪ
Ҫ֪ܲżʱ䣬׶̾˼ʮ꣬˶ĺ̶ܶǳһС鷳ѵһ˿ײˡտʼʱҲǳһЩСѡԿûִ󡣲ֵҶ׵ͷϣǸı⡣
һܹĳҶײܹϢ˵һܹо׶ҲԽԽˣеȥˡѾԽԽŪ˭ǹµˡ
ӷѪĻ̲סһ
˿ƺѯʶԷҪ˭Է˰֣˼˵ûＫΪջ
룬⼸ʮΪţ˼ʮûйͻпͣҾôҵģһʮСëӲͷʺ
Ȼ˼ǳٳٲ̬׶ʱ˻˼Ǿܹưոݡ
ڻĬʱ׶ǴԱ˹Ц˵´ˣҶͯҲе̫ˣҩı͵ˣҪ鷳Ҫҩġ
ִ¶Ϊ²ҩôԺûûˣѵôȥ
֮ӦðҶִץֱӶˣҲˣǲưոݵģ׶һԲ˵ֱߵһͷ˵
׶ͻһһ͵ĻҲЩˡ˿Ҷףʮֲ˵˵Ҷִ£鵽ô˵˵ǶԵģôһ᳹鵽ףǴģǲ˼齫ϱ߼ʦԺ;㿼һ£ǲ飬ǲأ
⼸仰׾ҪҶ׼ȥҲҪһ»׶档ھͿҶһ仰ˡ
飡Ҷ׿Ż׶һŵЦҲ¶һı顣
ʱʱЦָҶײסЦ飿㻹ƨģҲҪҹͷǸҽҩĵʧҪϣȰ㻹ǸϽǸʧ󣡡
˻ű飬ʱЩˡʱһ´Ա˳
硣£ҲֻܹʵʵĽһ磬ӶԷͷСӡ
˵һôôѾҶִͯ¾Ͱ²һţݸŪˣǾͼһδŹִ¾óǧ龧ʯΪ⳥Ҫִ¹ģ
ִ²ĹǾһֱţ֮⻹⳥Ϊ󹤶ʧһǰ㽫ԼĴ˵һ顣ĻҲ΢ҡҡͷɫԵЩѿ
ôˣ˸ҰҶִ´ҽҪ֪Ĺأһ֣Ҷ׾Ϳһ˵ʱ̬ȱ¶šҪ̻׶ˡ
ʱһֱû˵ҶͻȻЦû뵽ǵİϷĻͦģҵ˴͵ԼҵĶб˽ңµҲ
Ҷ׵Ļɫһ䣬Щŭ˵Сӣô˵ѵ£˵һΣŲ۷ǿ߻ñࣿ
Ҷ׾ȻвԼɫʱһ䣬øӵˣߵǿҲǺ֮ƺֻҪһ¾ͻὫҶֱĳƬһ
ʱ͵ĿһЩ˵վ˵磬ҵĵ̣㴦ҵƺЩϹ˰ɣ
Ļƺʶƺ߻ڣԭЩŵı΢һ£ʱٺһЦ˵ϵܣҲˣʵ̫ˣͲӣѵһҲ
ĻƺûᣬתͷҶʵҶִ£ںܶ鶼ǳ֪㻹ʲôҪ˵𣿡
ȻԵĻһͷģĻ½ͲҵƿطΧ֮ˣĻ˵ĺԣҪһҶ׶Ҷ׻ûʲôʩĻֻܹñ۸ˡ
˵ʼգ鶼ҶʮֵĲҶҲʲôɸԼ⣬ˡ


ڶʮһ һ
ѾֵԽԽģЩ˵ѾֻĸӪ
һӪҶףΪҪάԼȨ
ڶӪǻ׶ӪҪ̾ãԼʵۡ
ӪǸոûõȻҪĥһһЩҸ߲Ͽɵ
һӪ졣Ѿ˼ʮ꣬ȻϣԼõȨ԰ԼǸƣܵ˵Ҷ׺ĳ̶ֳһµģͻ׶һ漯塣
ѾԽԽ󣬾ڻΪҶڼȶӵ»ѡǱ䱾ֵʱһֱԵҶ׾ȻЦˡ
ҶһЦʱûһֻ䣬ǱıƵĸоʱҶҲߡ
ͬʱһöָҲǴҶ׵бչʾҶ׿˿ֿ˿Щƽ͵ı飬ָеöָ˵ִ£öָӦòİɣûһӦһֱϣ
ҶеĽָʱֺĶʲôϽ˵СӣϽҵĴָȻǽˣ
˵׶ʹһɫʾ׶˳ȥʱҲоʲôߵ۷ǿҲվ˳ֱӵҶ׵ĸǰ׶˸
ⱣԼҶҲ֡ڻԽźջʱҶЩֻ˵һ֪һöָ澿ʲôղŵбֶĻ¶ţӦ֪ʲôˡ
֣ʿڣҶûֱӽһöָĶǳԱߺһ
Ҷ׵ĺУһֱԱ׼ģŴ綼֣ܵʿϽȺ֮˹һӵݸҶס
Ҷ׽ӽ˹ʼݣƺ˲֪涼ʲôڷӵʱ򻹲ĳĳ£ĳĳղֿⶪʧ
ҶʱָͣĶóЩͲ¼ȱٵҩļȫǺϣ˵˿
Ҷ׵ĶҩһһЩҩ龧ʯѾʮˣЩҩһƵҩеļֵٱˡ
Ҷײһӵʱ䣬ڵʧһţָָЩţݶԻ˵ķţݺҶʧķţ˵ͬѵûʲôҪ˵ʲô
֮λ޴ǣοָϣô˵У˵Ϊ˼޻ң⽫ЩҩĶŸµȦأ˵¶һЦ˵
ȷʵһҪҶ߼޻Ҷ׻һϴɡҶóһƷʱ򣬻ûʲô˵ˡΪǶǽϴµִ¸Сӣǽ췢ݡֶ٣˭ľ˭Ĳܳġ
û뵽ֿ涪Ķ͵ģҵڹˣСӣһֱĬɫʱЦǸԼһڶһĵ˵
ӹҶеСӶ˵磬㿴˰ɣԲڿտ˵׻ҿҪ߼ʦ˵һ˵ˣ֪ǲҲ뵽ˣ
ʵ첻¶Ļǣ浽йôһʣһ黹̲סˡ߰˲ͣ
һӥ׽Сӣ֪Լ˶ԷļˣϽɫһɫ˵ɲҪտңҲǸո֪ôҾͲö˵ˡ
΢ԼЩֵĿ˿׶룺Լ鶼ûдãǲˡ
ôһ׶Ҳǻ̲סһս֪ԼǰˡʵҪһϢ˳ѵѵû뵽ȻˡŪ˷۱
ʱ׶ֻܹʹһɫ̾׶˼ǾҧҶ׸ĹһԷץסʲôѱҲԾ֤ЩҩĶ͵ˡ
뵽˿̲ס˵һöָҵģЩҩĶ͵ģǿŰɣ
һӣǻԼˣ׶һʱҲûзӦǵ׹ôµʱ򣬻Ѿѻȫ˵ˡһӲ⼸˻ĻڳѧͽʦҲҪѾǲܵˡ
һ뵽һհף֮һĪķŭڿҶ¶ĵЦʱ͸ӵķˡ
Ҷ׸տʼ֤Լҩȷʵ˲ͬǣһǻŭҶףһһ߻˵Сӣֻһ鵤ڵСѾ쵽鵤۷壬ҾþɳĥξҲҪͷбҲԴҵ֤ʵ
˵˵һʱѾǳˡΪԼҴʱ乻ƾԼĹϵԲܵʲôͷο鱾һܳܳҲƽģҶ׵ʱҲеıһûк֮ǵ޼ɵ
ûκ׶Ҳ΢˸ڳһط̼ƴס
ò˵⼸ʮȻûн鵤۷壬ϰٴεĥУȷʵѾ߱˸ֲɱļɣѾ߱˻ɱͨİ벽ǿߵҲһֱ԰ıǮҶΪʱ򣬲ŸͱˣǷһҪѵҶס
Ҳɵӣ֪Լʱ䲻࣬ҶԷܹλҲǴԾڳֵʱҲǽԼıɱʩչҪսپ
һȻָҶߣûκα֣ٶȴǰ쵽˼±һƬӰӵʱ˷·Ϳһαͬ·һݺݵĴҶ׵塣
һ̻˫Ҳһǰһǰָ׼Ҷ׵۾ֱ۵ָ΢컯ơ׼ǰָҶ˫۴Ϲ֮һҶײӵı֡˵ʮֵĺݶ
ܶڻµĸ߼ѧͽѧͽǵһΪǶ֪ǻʹҲǿһУһһնɱһ벽ǿߡҶǰȻ㲻Ǳɵˣ˰ɣ


ڶʮ һս֮Լ
鵽زܶ˶ΪԸҶʬˡû뵽Ҷ׾Ȼ㲻ܣڻָϾҪ˫۵ʱҶ׾Ȼ͵һơ
˿ָ΢ֱָ죬ָץס
авãȴûзȻֳһӶҶ׺СӣأҪӵָûţٳһȣ
һ̻廹ڰУһѾתҶһࡣ
˾֮˳ȥҶָĿܣͬʱһѾڳ϶һӰݺݳҶ׵ǰء
һѪͣǽһƺþеһϡ˵ҶױһУҶײĹᱻ飬Ҳķ飬ŪһͿġ
ȥɣһȵʱɤ۸Ƿһ̶ĺУŷɥˡ
ʱҶ׵ͻȻ
ΪᱻԷֱһȳɵʱҶ׵͵ĺ£岻ͣˣͬʱֱһһҽУָҶֱϣͬʱҲҶֱ۵͵һݺˤ档
ʱ顱һֱһܽӴ沿Ҷ׵Ĵֱ֮ӽϵļӲʯײķ飬ҲײŤˡ
Żʧ⣬һҲû˦Ҷ׵ϣҶٴνӵ֮һ߷˳ȥһ˵ʵߵ֡
ջı飬׶Ҫ˵ʲô
ɵҲ֪ôˡȻҺܿǿ֮ҲὲһЩġһζĻһ֧ŵڡ͵ռˣȻװ˴ˡ
˰ԵĻߣһԲһлʤȻ׼뿪
ʱѾЩĻȻΪҹϵ̳ԼԼҶ״ͬһȻи߸ϵĸо
ϱߵʱ򣬻ȻĶҶ׿еСӣȻУû˷ţݣʱ䵤ҩƿ϶裬¹˶ͻһؽΰɣ
¸¸£ʱǿ¾ͻΪѵܣԺǾͿÿ컥ȶԷ⣬ҽȥҲȥӦһңϣҵһưɣ
˵ţܴ˿̵ĻǱ̧ŵģȻ޼ɵĿЦƺڼŭҶס
ƺĵӣҶ΢΢˰֣ţ
Ҷ׵Ļ΢΢һ㶣ͣͿҶ׼߶˵˼仰Ҷ׵Ļ֮ʱһҵı顣ܿ͵ĳ鴤һѪɤ˳Ż͵һˡ
ѾˣҲ΢˿ת׶뿪֮ء
ЩĿ˿ҶףҪ֪˵ʲô΢룬ûپ飬˽̧ߣǸһˡ
鴦֮ûԼһЩĸ£ֱҵҶף뵽Լ鷿
һʮͷӣ鷿İȴԵļΪϳɣһּΪɣĸоҶ뵽Լ鷿²ûֱ˵һò裬ȸҶ׵һյ˸˸ϸϸƷζ
һ豻գŻˣҶͯȻֻǵһμ棬Ǿһʣܹ͵ĶִµʱǼ޳ɵģ
Ȼ⼸仰ƽƺҳһҶȴܹоڼ£Լֻĸˡ
ǺǣǾͶл´˵ˣʱŮѾߵĲϺõɽȪˮָ˻¸˽ˮϡҶ׾˾еĲˮԴл˵
Ҷ׵ĻҲ΢΢һЦ˵лǲãѾ֤ҵ۹ȷģıҲʵ⣬ֻһЩ黹ǲ̫ף
ĿģҶ΢ƷƷеĲˮЦ˵Ǻǣ´ǲΪʲôһǰıʶƣ׼һĽ𣿡
Ǻǣ˵һûҪʵ⣬˵˵ҶЩǺ棡Ҷײ£һ㶼ΣһЦ˵
Ҷףֱ־˵޹޹ȻûΣܹЦôˬʣЦô̹ϡҶҲʮֵȻ˵ʵȥ֣ʿһЩ֮󣬾͸оЩΪ֮ǰмִ¾Ǳ׶ƵķߵģǺܻܿʼݡ
ұ֣ʿŸҽһЩͬʱҲ֣ʿȥ˸׼ҲŸһصҵҩķȥҩģҷеĶߣȷе뷨
Ҳܹ˵ʲô׼ȥȥţҷһָСҷһöָ뵽߸ҵķʽ㶨˼ƻŪһöָ
Ҷߺһʱ䣬Ҷ׵లźͼ㣬ÿһǰǽ۵ġһЩͺͲ²⡣
Ľۣ̾Ϊֹ
ӱϿ߼޻ֻҪһЩˮʵ֮Ķ͹´֮Ķλ֮ĽֻһʱӶѡ
ͬǣȥӶԵ̫Դ֮һöӿ¾Ҫȹȥͦˣֻڻ̯ƵʱҲŻʹһЩСɱһ߶Ҫ̫ѹСˡ
һС棡Ҷߺһʱ䣬ܻ򿪣߳һˡ֮ϽԼλվõֻ֮
ƺ⣬ĵһȦ֮󣬲Ҷ׸ոĵط˵ȤǳȤ̫ˣ̫Ҷ޷͸ĶǸҲҪ࿼鼸а
ϧǣƫƫȲˣҪټֺǸһһҸôأ
˵˵ҸôأȻֻЦƺֺ֪˵ʲôֻվ߽ܵС
ܻرա


ڶʮ շ
ڽ뵽ķ֮ҶױоӦһӰڰȻܹ˭ȴ֪˶ûж⡣ôһƶҶ״ž֪˵ˡ
µûĻӦþǸˡ
ҵĸأʵҶ׶ҵľ˽Ҳ࣬ɱֹܹἰҲ֮٣ܹĳұǸ֯ԸϢѿصжôˡ
СһڴҲҵıɽһǶѣ̫࣬̽ൽզزģҶһӣҲͷԴ٩˵
ţʵЩܹ˵ʲôֻܹ˵ҵʵ̫ˣǿһЩĻڵ˵иתĻҶûаջܹоô˵ȫΪãϣܹӵķͼǿ
뿪ķ֮Ҷֿʼ˼顣
ƵҩѾ֣ʿȥˣƾ֣ʿôĹϵŪһЩҩĻ׾ٵ飬ԽܹɵġǹѦ׶кܶʵġ
ϾѦ׶뵽ѵصģΪֹûаѦ׶Ϣ˵Ѧ׶֪Ѿ뵽ѵҲ˵ͨ
ϾҲһµʱ䣬ܹĸоıһֻƶǰߣѦ׶ܾܿһֵֻ۾
ѵѦ׶ҲԼĿԣҶ״˼һ£΢뵽еһЩؼ֮
Ѧ׶ܹƶô飬϶ҵĸ߲йϵĻĴҲǳΣһЩΣգԲŻ´Сġ
ĻѦ׶Ը϶һʱԼôزصģĿҲԼ˵ġ
ȻҶҲͲȥѦ׶ǱߵˡܹоȻѦ׶ʱûжҪĻѦ׶ǻġ
ֻҪԼôڲһҸ߲Ӵˡ
һԽ̾͸ӵˡ˵ǸѾʼע⵽ԼôбҪԺĹиŬԼˡ
һ˼֮Ҷ˴ҩĵķ档
˿̲жʮѧͽѾ֮ǰ̵ĹÿһҩĽϸĴȻ̿Ǻ죬ǻڰҶ׵ҪʱԼͷϵĹ̻ЩҶױҪ㹻ʱһõϰߡ
Ҷִ£㲻ڵʱѾǽķǳˣ
Ʒû˵Ϊûмӣǵһͬʣֵܹ¾ǰ޵ĸһҪȫִµģҶڷʮĹ۲ЩѧͽǹҶҲǳĵ˵
ţܹô˵Ҳܸˣ
ֵǣǺúøɣҶǾԲǵģҶĻҶҲ΢΢һܹоЩѧͽ͵һμʱѾȫͬڵЩѧͽҲ֮ǰηηӣ۾ҲһЩϣˡЩӦҶĹͰɡ
Ҷ˿϶ĻЩѧͽȻû˵ʲôҶȴܹо֮еǱڱԼһļôȥĻЩѧͽ굱ٻһϱɸ߼ѧͽܻмʦ
ôʱһֱҶײҿ϶Ҳûа취ȥ϶
ҶЩܹôľͷҲŲĥĹͣǵһ죬ȻܹؼԺӻأÿĹҪһʱϢ֤ǵĹЧʣͽҴˣҶûִƴѹեǣͣĹǣҲЩ˿˸ϣ
ϾֻǵһԺиҪȥء
Ҷ˵һЩĻ뿪ĴҩĵĴŸ߼ѧͽĴȥ
һʵһɵζ˱Ƕ֪Щ߼ѧͽѾƳһ¯¯ǳ׼ıٹȵˡ
Ȼһ뵽߼ѧͽڵĴ棬ͿЩ߼ѧͽɵĻȣƺ֮ǰƷʱҪҶ״߽һܵߵȡ
ٴοҶ׵ʱȵоȻһЩݵĿ⡣
ҶеɻȸϽ˵Ҷִ£ģղ涼˰ѻѵһ٣Ҷúܳ˶ҶִµΪоܣǶоҶִôһǿƵԺ϶кӹⲻǴҸɵĶҪҶִµһεʱһɼЩС˿
˵Ҳǰ̧ͷô¡
Ҷֻ۾ɨһȦ֮㿴Щ˵ĸı䡣֮ǰɢӽȻͬǣЩ߼ѧͽһɵĶ⣬û˿и
Ҷ׵ҲǶһЩοı顣ߵʱҶҲЩˣָǴЩ뿪֣ʿ
֣ʿĵλ˲ͬڵõԷ£ҶײŸŶ롣˿֣ʿڷʮеһ¯µĵҩ
ֻһʱĹѾȫĹһˣܹĳ֣ʿ˵ɳʦĹ˵Ѿûκεѹˡ
ǺǣҶִ¯ҩɹ֮˽ĹʱҴȥȥʶʶʦ
ȻǼ򣬵ҿÿ˶ԼǱڣǲɶõ˲ţ۾¯ͣĶʦʩ֣ʿȴȻܹҶ̸Ц
һӵʱ֣ʿһ¯ҩѾɡʼҶһһ뵽ʦ档
һ˽Ҷ״Ŷ⼸ʦҲһµʶ
˵⼸ʦûжƳҩľ飬ƵҩĳƷܹﵽѾˣֳɹЩѾֵʦ˵ǲ˺ܶࡣ
ε㣬ԺǵֻԽԽصģҶ׵ѹҲԽԽġ
ô⼸ĴһЩ˽˰ɣԺǰṩһЩ㹻İ㲻Ҫģֻһ֮ǲ̫ĸı䣬һ֮ͲһˣȻһ˽ֹۣ֣ʿ⼸仰ҲǸһŶ衣
ţЩ鶼ˣֻﻹһЩҪ֣ʦ̵ģ˽֣ʿһЩص֮ҶװѶĳƺնʦ棬֣ʿƺҲҶĳƺ
ʱ仹̣ܹܶƵĶͨҩôЩмҩ͸߼ҩʲôطƳأ


ڶʮ רŸ
ҶĳʦǸ߼ʦĻǶʵ̫ͻˣҶͼı졣ʵ֣ʿͲһˡ
֣ʿҶеĺͼ־ΪʸɵߵĵطΪһֻӥǴһֻȸҶʵҲ֪޲ҲǸ˼
Ҷ֪ͯе뷨һִȻһֱȽϰȵǶ˵̫ˣ㲻ϲݣҪõĳɼ˿𣿡Ҷ׾ȻԼ˵ÿһ仰֣ʿԴп˵
ʵҶڵıֺʱƣϧ⼸ʮȥĶ־Ѿĥƽ֪Լʲôʱܹʰʱġ
ǰ˲ͬ츳ʵдıһڤڤ֮еڱԼٰһѣ˵һƣҶ׵ĺòΪǸｻ񣬸ֲԼȱһַʽ
ţ֪֣ʦʲôõĽأҶ۾΢Щɢ˵
ȷʵһŹȥһ룬ԵЩƣˡ֣ʿҶֱҲǷǳܹܵġ
ϾͷһβҪȥסˣһкܶͻҪľǶԸˡĻ˳Ҳоˡ
ʱһ²ѾŮŮҪʱ֣ʿŮ˰֣㽫ȥ֣ʿԸҶ衣
ˣȵǿģʵܹλѾܲˣҪͷأﵹһЩһοġҶ΢˱۾ĿѾˮҶЦ˵
Ŷʦ㵽кθ߼ѧԸꡣ֣ʿԸΪԼıߣҶ׵ҲǱüĻ˵֣ʿʱҲһ׷ɵˣֻܹϣڱϣҶеϣ֣ʿǾԲẦġ
ò˵µİ˾Ųʮˡ
Ҷѧӣ֣ʿҲƷ˿ڲˮ˵ʵܹ߳ȥôǿߣһΪ߳ȥһЩһƵҩȻͶһЩ
֮⣬ûѧϰβժҩģȡһЩ޵࣬ЩһЩѧԱ顣
ΪժҩĺȡಢҪ̫ǿΪ磬ֻҪһЩ츳棬ֻҪܹЩоһЩʵǿںܶҲܹһչˣþȱĸ֡
ܹ油ݵλã˵зչģȻ֣ʿѾҶ׵ԼˣҲⷽκεеϵ˵ķǳҶ׶Լǰľһ˽⡣
˵֣ʿҲǽԼ΢ͣһ£ֽ˵߻һʮַҪһʵѡͬǰǱҪϸѾܳʱûҵʵѡˣܹڽڰһЩıѧᣬҵǿΪһ£
ҶԽԽԼ˵Ļ֣ʿûйĨǶֱӽ⣬ҶʵĶһ¡
͵һ룬ѵ֣ʿǸƻ
Ҷ΢㶣ִŻ͵֣ʿ˵ţôһûһҪȥһ£ֻ񵽵Ҫѧʲôأ
Ҷ׵Ļ֣ʿЦЦͻȻ뵽˵ĻҶֻͯ꣬ʮ꣬ʵѾǼܺˣЩܹ²ģһ۾ܹ͸ǵ˼˵ˣǰҲʲôܵġ
֣ʿҶ׶ΪʲôˡΪͨһԻܹоǰѾԵ֣ʿͻȻһֺµĸо
Լܵкǰ꽻ãôҲᱻǰɡ
ڿԼӣ֣ʿͰȶˡͻȻ֮һ뷨ǰ᲻һľǿߣǻͨĳֶα仯ɵأĻΣˡ
һ룬вûɣĸоֻ˼ά̫ܣ¹ϳɣǸҲŻݶһЩɡ
֣ʿ˼·΢һ£װƷƷеĲ裬˼һ²˵ЩʵģһݶҲǺصģԸĻȥģûмǴ»ط죬⼸ʱһЩģ
˵֣ʿԼĿڴȡһֽݸҶסҶֻǿһݣֽɻ
ţͽʦˣȥǰ￴Ҷֽ֪Ǹ׼ģôҪľ̵ﴦ顣ĴƣŪܹǸҵ
ֻǸ˾˭أ
Ҷ뵽ɱ֩ͷţǸϵ˵ҪԼԼ㡣ܹƽƲյĳɷ֣Ѧ׶һʲôأ
ҶûҶ룬Ҳ֣ʿǣֽעλøȥ
Ųһӵʱ䣬Ҷױһۡĸǰ
ȻֻһִߣܵĴһЩִ߶ҪһЩĸۡһܺõӡ֤
Ҷ֮󣬺ܿһ鵤ѧԱһ·СܹҶ׿šһҶ׵ױ֪ҶҪʲôûҶ׵⣬ֱ˵Ҷִ£ʦأ
ŶѧԱĻƺѾµҲ֣鱳϶и˳ıߣĻҲнôˡһҶҲȻġ
ҶҲѧԱѧԱǰߣںšܿǾһǰСˮɻŸ¥ĵ档
ѧԱ㲻ˣָָǸ¥Ҷ˵Ҷִ£ʦڸ¥ϵ㣬˸ܽ룬ЩʦļҲܹ룬ֻܹ͵ˡ
šҶ΢΢˵ͷ˳ѧԱĿķ˹ȥ
Ҷܹоݿ϶ʲôҪԼˡһ뵽滹ǸоЩͳࡣ
ȻҶϸ¥ͿԼ
ǰһŷ֮ϷһģɵĲĲˮڷŻðˮҶ׿ˮҲͽƽˡ
ˣʱʲôҪ˵Ա߾ˣҶǰʱݲûеĿģ˵һЩű߼ʵĻҲʵҶ΢΢һ㶡


ڶʮ 
Ȼݲ˵ҶױԼλ˳ݵĿ⿴Զǳڴ˷Ծţ֮һɻҲǷ׷׿ţһֻõĸо
ŵĻЩĶЩ̫ͣǻҪһǧлš
ݾ񿴵Ľζӡ
ݲ˵ҶҲ˵ֻƷ衣һƬž
ȻּžҶ׸оһֿտʧУּžͬʱһޱȷɵĸоͺ඼ٱ˴˴νһ
ͻȻ֮Ҷ뵽һ飬޵꣬ƺʲôҪԼ⾿ʲôأ
ʱ򣬳治ͣԾ㲻֪ʲôʱȻһ֮ĻĴǵ϶һЩѪ˿һЩƬɵ˿ڲϳ֡˿ԽԽ࣬㲢û˶֣ͣ˱֮ǰӷƴ
֪˶೤ʱ䣬һ㾹ȻѪ˳Ҳûƺˡһ˿ҲѾˣȴڳִԾƺҪߵĵط
ͻȻ˵ˡ
Ǿͺɣһָָ֮滹ڱЩ˵
ҶһʱҲ򲻵ݵĻ˵ͷ
Ҷ˼ı飬û˵ʲôҶ뿪˸¥֮һ档̫޵ʬǣһЩŵޱ档
ЩŵҪôǻ޾ɵ棬Ҫôĳ˯ţƺڱؽӵʱһЩĴҶ׿˿Ķݵˡ
ˣҺ⼸֮һεļ˰ɣûг⣬ʮ֮󻹻ټġ֪Ϊʲôݻʮε˵ôһ
仰ʵҶһ㶣΢΢գգ۾Ҫ֪⻰ĺ塣ȴԼĻסˣҶʧȥѰҵĿꡣ
֪Ҷ뷨ȴûмͱŴֽˡ
ˣЩҶ˵ˣס˵ÿһ仰ǷϻҿʼȡЩмֵĶ˵ЩʱƺЩƺĳ޴ľ
Ҷ׵Ķ棬оݴ˿ĵвƽ顣ֻϵĲݵһţֱܿò
Ҷ׺ʲôջûаԼĻ˵ڡ
Ǿʹһ޼򵥵ĺǽɣһǱһУ˿ȫݲȫͶ뵽С֮Ҷȫûио˵ظĻҹѧϰС
һ̵ֽ֮ˮԼմѪָɾ֮Ҷ˵ҶͯҲ֮ǰʲôݣʲôݣҶϣܹסһݵ˽̹ܶණϣǵ̵ꡭ
ݵĻҶĬĬĵ˵ͷҶǼᶨݺٺٵЦ㽫Ҷ״ˡ
ȻҶײ֪Ҫ˵ʲôȴܹоһμƺǺ
뿪ݵĸֻۡᣬһ˵ҲѪ˵СһɱСǸݣܹؼʮʵҲѾˣγɽŪһѪȷˣ˵ĺܶԣʮǿǼġ
ʦ˵⻰Ϊʲô˵һôأĻҶҲǲԵʵ
˿̻ǻƻ裬Ϧ£޾Ļ콫֡վҶ׵ͺϰǰԼûʱӣվԭԶĵȴһս١
Ҷ֪ƺʲôûƶŲŹһٸʱ䣬Ż˵ǰ벽ʥߵʵ뿪½Ҫȥһ½֮ˡ
벽ʥߵʵһ½ҶҲû뵽վԼǰͨ˾Ȼǰ벽ʥߡľǱѵ˼Ҫǿϰٱˡ
Ҷ׾ȵʱֻ˵ǵһǿ֯Ǹ֯Ҫٻȥս²׼ֱ𡣡
ݶ㻹ǺܿصģҲҪҹ̽̽ʵɣƺǸոݴ˿̵̲ס˵
ˣǿˣƺоԷѾԼҲ͵ջظ֪ٴž״̬
Ȼٴηʱ䲻ҶܹоڵѾոʶʱǸõ岻֪Ҫǿ϶ٱˣﻹðôһͷڵѾǿ󵽿Ժ͹ȥûԼ࿹ˡ
ȻָоԺҲһţ뵽״̬ʱҲתʧһƬլУصԼס
ò˵֣ʿǳ˳ĹûĴҲܹת硣ӦÿԼӦôˡ
뿪ݸۡʱݸһЩǸļϸʵҶ׵һЩ
Ҫ֪֣ʿҶ׽ǳΣգΣյ˾һǻʾɵǿȥҲ˵ԼܹŻĵزȴֻȥǻʾСɺǻʾڵĻһİȫ
ɼԣҵҲǲ֪ġ
˯һϣҶְ֮ȥԼѲӡ˿ҩĴܶѧͽѾˢˢվãҶˣЩѧͽһҲޱȵܡ
Ҫ֪⼸ǵĹȻܴ󣬵ҶȷʵҲǰҶ׵ķԸǰ˺Ϣʱ䣬Щѧͽûоú࣬һֱػĸо
֮⣬Ҷ׻Լٺ»ÿóһָЩѧͽ߼ѧͽʦʳ涼һΪϸµĵʵж˲ˡһҶȥ߼ѧͽڴʱЩ߼ѧͽҲһܵӣԵö־Ҷ֣ʿ鷿
Ϊһӵмʦĳʦ֣ʿѾҪѶʱȥЩͨҩˡʣµʱҪôȥͻڵƽҪôȥһЩɢ飬֣ʿѡҶ׹ĴСˡ
֣ʿ鷿棬ҶжٻһЩεġʱϵĲˮѾãҶҲٿЩоƷλ
Ҷ״˿飬֣ʿǰ˰˵ˣô㣬ʵҲڰԼĵʵʺп棬


ڶʮ Ķ־
Ҷû뵽֣ʿ˵ôһķθ֮ԣǶԱ˵ĺܿΪ˵滰͵Ǹ˵ġ֣ʿȴȫûⷽĹǣʮԼˡ
Ҷչı飬֣ʿ˺ֽܴ˵ܹоһԹˣõˣж£㲻õ˶ĺܲңҲԣֻܹˣ㲻Ƿʲôֻ˳ƶΪѡ
˳ƶΪ֣ʿĻҶʵ
Ҷ׿֣ʿ΢Щƣƺˣ滰֪ô˵ˡ
Ҷ׵˵ͷʾ֣ʿ֣ʿĻˡ
Ҷ̹ϵı飬֣ʿҲΪοĵ˵ͷ˵˳ƶΪԼԸҲһǿƶʵܹѰҲһ˼
ȥˡ˵ţ֣ʿԼλ֮վߵԱߡܵתһĵͨҶ׵ǰ
һͨδĵ·סһܿһӶ߲ˡ֣ʿҶ뷨ҶҪ뵽еʱ̲סȰ
Ҷܹĳ֣ʿĲ뵽һȨеУҶѾ˾ģǲô׸ıġ
˿֣ʿϵıûԥת߽һڵͨ档ϵǰУܹоһͨԽ߾ԽܿͿʼһͨ͵㿪ʼߡûͿһ˿˿͸͸͵һһ֮ͨ⡣
Ҷһ߳ͨͿһƬïֵĴڷвͣ趯ţͬʱһƬ͸Ҷǰһ˵ϡ΢ϤıӰҶƺоƺԼʲôطġ
ƺҶ׻û˵ʱѾתӣҶ׵ǰþòˣû뵽Ѿôǿˣ
ǰЩϤˣҶ̲ס˵
Ǻǣû뵽ļǲȷʵôһ¶ѵػĻðɣ˵ʱʮ㣬ֻҶһܾδѣˡ
԰ɣʵһӦøлʱҵչأǰҶҲû̫нܹоΪҵǸ߼ʦҲҪĺһ˾Ȼƽ۽˵ԷһЩصģûʲô񣬷һЩøС
ҲҶ׵ĵطӴ󣬸˵ʵҲηȨ
Ǻǣֻҵľ֮ͣο˲žҲ㣬Ҳ˸㷽ģǰ㣬ȷʵռһЩ˰Ҷô΢һάҲΪõġ
֪ﲻ˵ĵطҶ˵ȥǱ̸ɣѾ׼һЩ򵥵ΣһЩˮǲȥĶѣ
ĻҶҲǵ˵ͷɲΪֻġ
ԽԽ죬ۿѾ쵽һͱˣͱ֮һͤһͤһŴڷҡ֦ƺ֡
һͤྫĸ֮ͤиò绨ͤͤŮѾŲվԡǵмһԲεĲµʯΡ˵ʱɵģôǴֱˡ
ҶͯӦôƺ㣡֪֮ôͻȻðôһ仰仰Ҳֻǵ㵽Ϊֹƺûм˵ȥĴ㡣
Ҷ֪ԷԼѾˡֻԷʱ֪Լݶѡ
˵ҲĨǣֱ˵˵ʵһµʱҶڹ۲ţϧǣôʱ䣬ȴѴײҵһ˿Ҳ뵽ΪʲôЩҪˣĹȥҿԲᣬδ𣿡
˵ʱҶܹоߵŮʼվһ˿еĲˮȴʼȵġ¶ȵĲˮõģŮվһʱ䣬ȴܹЩ֤ŮҲ񾳵ǿߣǱ񾳴ɡɼμʵһЩ
ҵδôһʣҶ׸ɸɵ̾˿ʵҲһֱĶδʲôطأ
ǺǣˡðĴ󵨲²һ£Ҫõʲô鱨ҪһҲҵĳˣһֱû뿪˵㹻ǿ󣬶𣿡Ȼտʼ˵ʱôƽһתЩͱˡԽǶҶ׵۾ԽܹԷе뷨ҶײǺݽӴ¶ָоҲˡ
ȻЩѹҶȴûаϵĲҶ΢΢Щп˵˵ЩңҲÿһеɣ˭һ֮أƽƽӹӹĻһأ
ŶҶ׵Ļ΢ȵĸ̾һû뵽Ҷ׵ķӦ֮죬Ͱ⼸仰ȥһҲë
Ȼָоܲϲһ뵽пܳΪԼһöǳҪӵʱҲǿʼ˷
Ǻǣò˵⼸仰˵ȷʵеҵ㻹ûлشأδʲôƺҶ׼Լֱʵ
֪Ҷڻشʱܿ˵ѻ۶Է˵ʲôĻѻܹҵһЩ˿ġĺЩ
ʵҵδܼ򵥣ҪΪǿߣ۳½ΨҶ𣡡Ҷ΢˿ĴԼλվͦص˵
ܹоԼλվһɲŮҲ΢һ£ƺԼŮǳԼûʲôȵľٶ֮ҲûκηӦ
˵⼸仰ҶҲصԼλϿʼϸϸƷζԼоѲˮǻζ㡣
ã˵ĺðҶһ׳־ҲվԶɽ̲סĺҲɽ֮вͣĻصֻصߡ
һ֮ҲѧҶ׵ӻ̲ס̾˲갡
˵Ҳ¶ѵõ˷ܱ飬ƷһڲˮЦ˵Ҷ֮ͯǰûмʱǾʲôԣÿÿ޷ǶǲпѣҪģԸġ
Դʶ֮ͻȻÿһֶԼʽҲ֪ĿΪϣϣǽҸҵһȫµңҲһոհѹȥɱˣȼ־ң֪ô𣿡


ڶʮ ԼС
ôģĻҶҡҡͷʮֳϿҵ˵
ȻҶҲԸԼӡһΪʵĲ²⣬ܹоԲô׾ܹܹȥˡǰֵ̹һЩûлġοҶ׶ⲢʮֵĸȤڳڼѹԼ뷨һЩй޴ӷ
ҶĻЦЦ˵ʵĴھһõ֤
ҵĴڣҶҡҡͷĻ
֪Լ뷨Щֽ˵ʵÿ˵жһᣬǻΪԼǿ󣬵ʵϵǷĳЩǰԼôСʱЩĵĶ־㱻ȼˡ
ŶôһǳԾĻҶҲֻܹЦŵ˵ͷƺ뷨һЩϿɵġ
ˣ˵ЩûõĶˣ̸̸ҪĿİɣҶϵı飬Щʧ̾˿ֽ˵ҪһݷǳأǰҲûн͸¶ȴǰܹ˲š
ǰ˵ҵˣһΪ⣬ҿǸ˾ʱȴһЩпģ˵İŰɣ˵ϲŴһЩĵЦ˵
š뷨ҶҲǲÿɷĵ˵ͷ
ΪĳЩԭҲܸľݣһЩϸڣֻҪǳΣգܹõĺôֱ޷ģһҹҲһУһ˵ϾȻһЩ󣬺˷ܵӡ
ܹĳҪģԸԺǾֵܣεĺôһΪֹģ˵Щʱ͸һɺݾƺڰĺĳڱƴʲô
ͻȻ֮Ҷ뵽㣬ƺ뵽ʲôȴûֳ˵һʱҶ֪ԼǲܾܾġȻܹܾǻʹʹĴӦˣãȻңȻЧȮ֮͵ģ
Ҷһ֣صı飬֪ԼֶһöҪӡֻһöӻǳĴŪþͻΪ˫нԼһ뵽һԼԭЩԥ뷨ٴαǿӲĶ
ȻôôˣǳĽôھ͸߰ɣѾͣϻҪװʮִݵӡ
ҶܹоһǸˣȻô˵Ѿ˿̲ݻĵزˡҶ״ҪŪôһܹµĳȻһǳӵˡ
УǱߵҲʲô⣬ھ͸߰ɣȻ˶ԷҶȻѧĹһЩȻūһܲԵôûذɡ
Ҷ׵ľٶ֪ΪʲôһץסҶ׵ֱ̲ס˵Ҷͯʵ֮û͹ϵԺû˵ʱҽˣҽһСͯ
Ȼֻһ򵥵ľٶǶ˵һӶ޷ҶҲȻְӵľٶЩмȴܹоȻϲļƣҲһʮˣΪԼһЩҲνġ
ţ磬Ǿһһ˵ɣҶҲܹо֮ôԼΪԼԼһһͬ˵ĸоܹദôǢһֱΪԼҵλʼûһ֪ĵѶհɡ
ã֪ѣҲʮֿĵģϣָܹ֮һֱȥȻҲΪָоֶܹãʮ泩ġ
˾ôһһģ˼ʮ֮Ǳߵһֻ޴ķ޸ǰָָֻϵĸЦЦ˵ֻ߰꣬ڲܹ˳ѧ˷УҲǲһ
޵Ů޵ĺ档֪˵һʲôޱշ𻺻ķɵ˾֮ϣС֮ܵеĿ磬ҶҲ͵Ĵһսܹĸо֮ϵĴɽҲԽԽСǷеĸ߶ԽЩﶼ΢ɼ塣
Сͯ˵Ϊʥܹ֮շУҲ֪˭ܹȴﵽʥߵľ簡Ҷһ˼ӣ̲סЦ˵
Ȼͯˣ츳ֺãмԴ֧֣֮ȳΪʥߵļʻһЩģôһ˵Ҷ붼˵
Ҷ׵ĻﻹһЩСģȴûıֳֽ˵Ǻǣô˵ҲԣڲҲźܶìܵģϿôƽ
ˣ˵ЩˣһЩ˵飬ֻ߻ཻһ±˴˵ĵãҶôһ˵ƺǴ£ת˻˵
ҶܹоǲҶ֪̫ҵ飬ʲô鴥˰̡鲻ҶҲ˵⣬˵һЩ˴˶Ȥݡ
ʱ֮Ѿɹһɽʼ뵽һƬƽԭУǰֹĸʱһ޼ʵɽʹˡ
ĵصˣǰһС޿ʼ½С֮һյϣ޲ŻĽ
յķΧһƬïܵĴְΧƺרõĳء
޽䵽棬벽ǻʾҲ׼ӲԶ˹Ҷ״Ͻ¡
߰ɣ޵֮Ҳķ޵壬һֻƺĻߵһĵط֮󣬱һԾաһֻչ᰿УҶ׾ȻһĽĸо
Ҷ׺ʱһ벽ǻʾʮֹʵˣƷǶѾ׼ˣʲôʱˣ
ߵߵʱСյǡô˿ûаĲʣһʮĸо
ǴЩϸھܹĳ벽ǻʾ߿϶ߴ˺ܶ꣬򻰣ܶԶһһôʱ¶Ҳּε
վԼߣһ˿˿ҲǻΪУջǾ²˳٣ʰһ̣
ǵˣ߰ɣһߵǸ벽ǻʾ߱㽫Ѿ׼õǣ˹ĸ˱֮ϡ


ڶʮ еĵͼ
һƥŵġ
ȻƥѪͳǴΪ嵱гнŴѪٶռݵҲ۲ơ
ЩɫĶͷ֮϶һ־ԷļǡǸٵıУɫܶʱԵøƯ
ͨǧǧٶ˵ЩѪٶٿǧĻ֮嵽ڲʮĵ·ǵĿٱֻ֮һʱ뵽ССٶúٳҶһַĸоǶ˵ֻһΪͨг̶ѡ
ܿͣһʮֺıǰ
һͣ±мǿ߹飬ǰ·˴˿档ڿѾСɵĻȺʱˡ
ˣǶѾ׼ˣ͵Ըˣ߽ʱǻʾСɻ̴ԼλϹ˵
ߵıҲЦЦʾ
µʱ߽ǻʾڵĻߡһڵ϶ʮε˵ˣ·;֮Щ鵢飬ˡ
˵ͷЦ˵֪飬ǴôԶϹ϶һЩ鷳飬Ǽĺܺãûʧһȥɣ
ȻԣҶ׶ǰĸǻʾܹ˳ҳϣҲǸоһЩ졣
Ҷеľȣû˵ʲôֻ΢ЦЦ⼸˵λߣλİҶͯΪＸ˵Ϊһ·Ҫչ𣿡
߶һͷǿ˿ҶǼ
ãǾͳɣԼ˶֮ûԥǴҶ׺ĸ߳Ժ䣬˳żȶĵ·Ŵȥ
һƬɽҶ׾ȻһģĸоƺطʲôʱҶ׻Ժﲻ֪ʲôʱĻһӰˡ
ǺǣСһطõŵǸط𣿡
ǸطһаֽĹᵽֵʱҶʱһ뵽Щ顣
ȷʵͼֽϵݣһ·п羰ͼϵݳһ¡λǱʹû׼֮
ʱ΢΢۽һͿҶЩ԰׵ɫʱЩֵʵҶͯɫôѿǲǷʲô飿
Ҷ׵ıȻЩ֣һ뵽ǼȥǸŹֵĵطҲͼֲˡΪ֮ǰ˵ʱ򻹷Ϊֵ顣
ĻҶҡҡͷ˵ҸоҺʲôʱУֻĳһеա
ŶԭΪҶ׶ĳЩﻹӦһЩӦҶ׶һ˽ġ뵽ּ̽˵ĳЩ˵𣿡
Ҷ׵˵ͷֲܹ϶˵ʵҲһЩ飬ҲȷֻǶһЩģӡѣ
ȷʵҶ׼̳ϵ֮һЩٻһЩӡġӡȴܹϾֻһּϵĴжѡ
Ŷԭܸܲ˵˵أ֪һأǶ֪ȴ֮١˵һżȻԶصлôһΣյĵط
ʵҲһЩǣ˵ɽĳһطһĹĹһ񡭡ҶȻὫԼ֪ԭԭĸ߸ֻǽ֪΢ıһ£һ½
ȻºԭĹѾǴྶͥеȴҲûһģ߸Ϣֻһ϶ѡ
Ҷôһ˵ҲǾûһ󷢲˺һŴ֮бƽ
ţ˵ЩҲǴӲһЩȴܹ֤⵽ǲģҵõϢȴġ
ԭҶ׼һ֮뿪ѵڴ½֮ĵ۹֮ͻȻһһ֮һˡ˵Լһűصͼŵͼ֮м¼һǳ󱦲صλãҪҪ
ҲţĴŸ涼ʹӦҪȥŵͼĵطȥϾҪ½ߴŵĶǻ߼ǿȻ±ı
סһ뵽סоһɴ̱ǵζͺǸֶҺһһЩֻζЩ֣ĶҺǴĳʽõƷһ
һ뵽ķͿһѷĴӡڷϡŹֵ⣬ȴûһܹȤġ
ʱһֱͳһŷƵĵͼһóƵͼʱоӺ˲ıһֵϢһͼ֮͸¶
ˣҿȽ˳۲Żһͼģǲһܣ޾ıأһõЩܹսʤĶֵõҪĶġƺվŵİ벽ʥߣθڰеĵͼ˵
ĻɫһԴв˵ͷӣҪЩװŪŻңСүҿɲǱŴҲףҪôͼĹ½Ҫô͵ҵŭɣ
ʱ˵һͷֻһָоΪʼնһ޴ĶȫںɫĶУ˸òֻܹޱȲϵҪŻŻҲȫʬ޴ġ
ôһ˵ֻǸɸһЦƺҲûںĻǵ˵ʵҲʲôϡ飬һԶŴ˵
˵ǸºҶ˵ЩͬһΪԣȴļסеһЩΪ֪ϸڡ
˵񱻻ѹ֮ಿҲӡЩӡĲֲ½ĸͬĽ䡣
ΪЩ䶼ͨѪȵֶγɳģǱӡʱҲƸҲһͬӡһͼһ䱻ӡĵص㡣˵صıؼһС͵۹ıˣ


ڶʮ 
ǽĹҪҵضıΪã˵֮һ˵
ĻҶͷ̲סĵ˵Щ˵Ĳ٣һû˵˽Ĺлܹųģ֪һذ
Ҷװ˵ҲûбҪʲôˡҶ׻ǲΪʲôҪðôķȥҵĹһǳеӡǳȷ϶Ϊ˽ûиԼ
Ҷ׵ĻɫҶױ֪Լļɻ䡣
Ȼ˽ҶҲû˼ȥˡҶû׷ʣϵıҲչࡣ
ܿһ˾Ͱԭ·߼һɽȥ
յͼϵıʶǸӦþ⸽ˣȻڽĹʱ⸽һھ˲·̹ԼĿڴͳһЩƵĵͼŵͼ趼ûиƫƫС
óͼָָбʶŻĹλöҶ˵ҲµûӦþһɽϣλȥ鿴һ°ɣ
ĸ߶ʿ˵ǳ˿ûκĳɷ֡Ըȥ֮ǻʾڵĻߺܿͽҵϢ˻һ΢͵ͼһŵͼͼϻĹڵλȫǺϣǻĹڵĵط
ǵһжʵ׼ȷʱҶ׺࿴һ涼̲ʡȻطôһֱûиıλãΪʲôȴûдĹϢһ㴫ŶûС
ͻȻ֮˵ﶼͬʱ뵽һܣǾ뵽ĹеҪôؿƿҪô뵽Ĺе˶ûһܹġȻҶΪԭǰߣΪԼԺռԭԸźߡô˵ȻѾ˶ǲġ
߰ɣ֪ԼشʹùˣӰһˣһսһͿء鷢ֻܹˡ
ĸߵʵǿ󣬿ΪܵԼ˼άҲԵЩȻǸԼ·ȴȥ˼ֱЩʲôΪЩʿ̫ͨ˼άģһԼ˼뷴Կơ
ܿǱ˳ŵͼһɽ֮ҵһѾӲݸǵĶڡһ붴ڱоһǿ׷׽뵽ǵ嵱УԭЩǵ鱻һɨգһЩ˷ܵĸо
ָоͺһ᧿Σ˵ͻȻ֮ϵ˿ȫתˣõɣһֿϲĸоеЩڰҲʼʢ
ͻȻ֮Ҷ׿Χ⼸˵ʱҲоǺ֮Լĵһ
֪ԼһֻǸոսûʲôʱ䳤˺ܻܿᱻЩȾһЩ޷Ƶķٶ
ϽԼĿڴȡöҩַȥ⼸˵΢ָ
лˡ⼸ܵӰ֮٣Ƕ̬ȴʼնôҶ׳µҩȻһδı顣
ҶͯѵʲôҶһߣһ˼ʲôҲΪʵ
ôһʣҶԥһ²ŽԼʵ뷨ղһѨҳܹоһЩþ֮⣬һоһǿɢŨԹǸʱҿҲ¶һ˿ԥ֪϶ڹ˼ʲôȻѾ֪ܷң澿ܹʲôأ
Ҷһʼ֪ΪԼŽ뵽ĹеģҶ׵жԲǵΪԼôģ϶ʲôҪҪҪԼȥûиݣӦÿԸԼ˰ɡ
Ҷ׵Ļ̾˿˵ʵЩҲǸҵģ˵ǹĹгдĲƱ֮⣬һǿĵħħÿһһΣһΣһﵽǻʾڵʱʱĹܹõࡣ
˵һͼֽݸҶ˵һֽϻŵľһħŵһͼʱҪľǽȡҾˣı㶼ȡ
Ҷ׻ûʲôȣ͵һ뵽ʲôָоֲôʵġ
ѵԼҲйϵ
˵ʵԼĹʱܶ鶼û˵ŪҶڶԻĹͣഫ˵֮ϣûһʶ뵽ĹУԻĹ˽»֪Ķء
Ŀʱ򣬺ߵȻļᶨ
Ǿ˳һͨʼȥһӵʱ䣬ڿһȾ޴š֮ϺȻӡŵͷȻͷǳģҶ׻ܹоͷ֮ɢŵŨŨϢ
ǻĹˣһ޴ţҶײԾ˵
ʱһžȻĴ汻ˡͬʱӾ޴ŵкðһŨҵϢҶ׺΢̾˿ŵ˽ȥ
һʼߵһ֮ͨһЩǵʯԿߵĵ·һ뵽޴ʱһж׸ı䡣
Ǿ޴浽ڵһƬֻͷ֮ϻһſ΢ܹǴһЩĺɫ̫ǵߴһЩνĹȻû˵ҶܹоڵѾûйеȫǺڰ
ͻȻ֮Ҷ׳¿ȥͻȻ¾ȻһƬɫҽҽ޾ʹࡣȻҶںʲôƾľͼ䣬Щԩ϶ĳ־޴ʹһ޷ѵѭС
Ҷͯ㵽׿ʲôҲ˵ͷְͷ͵̧Ҷ׾Ϳɫ৵һӱɷסǿҶ׵ͷ֮ŵͷˣҲһµĳΪѰϵİοʵҶס
ҶܹᵽеĿ־壬㽫ԼΪ򵥵ʵ֪ˡ˭ͷĺˮԽԽ࣬ʼǿҶ׺ᵱ赹


ڶٰʮ 
Ϊ޾Ŀ־壬ҶϽӿڴͳһöҩУڴ˼֮ŻָһЩƽ̲֮ס˵Ҹղſ־ʬһ͹ȥĳ
ĻҶ΢˿˵ĳûԼĿ¡
ֲһ䣬Щյ͹Ķˣܹǵ͹֮ϵѪ͹֮вͣڻ龰ЩƴĹУǵ͹͹ĲֳʵѪ⣬֮һٴε͹пʼ³һ鱻ըʹ࡭
Խ˵еϸҶ׾ԽǸоëȻܹղſǸҲֻΪŲûֻܵþӰ죬ȫ෴Ͳͬˡ
ʱҶֽԼĿ⿴һֱĸǻʾߣŷǵı鶼ƽƺûܵ滷̫Ӱ졣
Ҷ׵ԺЦ˵СһɲҪСЩʿֶΣЩֶοǺأܹһޱȾ˳츳һŶĨɾʣµľҪˡ
ʿ˾ޱǿ֮⣬֮Ҳûʲô©Ψһͬǣǵ츳ѹեϣĳɾ͵˰벽ʥҲǾͷˣЩǻʾǿߣʮָп˵
أĻҶ̲סʵ
ȻЩǻʾߵõ˴ԴûЩһʱ仹Իش⡣Ϊ̫ıʣ˵û˱ʱѾء
Ҷʧ΢̾˿˵ûЩǽĳɾͻڵͣҲпڽڸߺܶ࣬ﵽתֻؾ
ֻһĸ壬˵һʱҶ׻ܹܵȫһǿҵҶ֪Ӣźɡ
ĸ߲Ϊǿߣһ½۷壬ƫƫ޵֮;ﵽ۷ʱһ˵ˣΪһ׹ڷΪһ֮ʹζҪҵһƴǣǳֻأ֮տʹࡣ
ȥˣҲѾû˹ȥ緢Ŀ̬⽫ʮĳŵѾԽĳ
ȻδĳɳֶЩ鶼ע飬ƾҲ˵һ뵽ԼӢţЩȴĺúõģͻȻ֪ôȥǰ顣һʱֻܹǰ̾ʧҶ׵档
Ҷ֪𴥶Լе£ûȥǼǰȥ
˵Ҳ֣ȻǰһƬڸʲôǾȻܹһ޵ĸоͣǰ߳һƬ֮صĺڰ硣ǰһƬ֮󼸸˱һƬﻨïܴ档
ߵﲻҶ׺⼸ǻʾĻҲ΢˿ƺ֮ǰһ߶ҲһЩƽĶǱѹһ߳Ǹڰ磬ҲЩɵĸо
ڵȻЩãȻﻨ֮УͻȻоһǾȻٴνԼʧˡһɭֵʱǾȻ˴˿˿ƺΪԼǳһõ統СһĶͷٴγһЩ亹
֨
⼸˶ǰ龰Щ󣬵֮бһһһҲǴһĲȶ֦
ͣͣŲ˿̲ʵҲȶ֦𣿡
šʱҶ΢΢˵ͷǻӦĻǻʾȴû˵֡
ͻȻ֮Ȼоȫһɺ֣ǰ糹ױ仯һƬѩء徹ȻһָֻקǸѩ档
ǡ
Ĵϣ徹ȻᡣԽԽıѩۼϣҲ֮һһʶȻûбƣܹоԼѾԼ峹ʧȥϵ
𣿡ͻȻ֮Ȼһֻɢĸо
ˣڼ˻ǰеʱһǻʾͻȻߵȴûа㷴ӦѾû֪һ
ã˿ǱһֻεĴקһˡͻȻͣסȴ˫񣬺ʲô֪ˡһ־ʮԵӡʱҲκηӦġ
ԣӦһ󷨣󷨵УǲСĴеĳأŻ˻꣡һǻʾߵĻһĻ֮ٴƲ
Ϊֻܹ֮ȫƳ󷨲лὫ˾ȳˣ۷׷׵ʱһ
ЩмҶ׼ûлȨֻܹЩˡ
ţҲ޳һ㣬ĸ˵УҶΪͨҸһ󷨵ĸŦԱ߸ң߿˿Ҷף֣˵ҶͯСֵܣ͸ǵ°ɣ
˵̫ϸҶ֪˼ʵǸƨ˼Ҷû˵ʲôϾԼʵԷԼʲôʲôֲóҲûкôֵУϢ֮໹ԺЩѧϰһЩ󷨵֪ʶ
󷨻ߵĻ˵֮ԼĿڴͳһЩЩΪ̣Ƕɳߣ۽֡󣬶۽𾦸һֽۡ
Ҷзƽƽ棬ֶǻʾߵеȴԶԶ
Ǹоʮ͸Ļ߽зַȥ֮󣬱һ֮ǰͣţͬʱԼλãڲʲôͻȻͣԼĿڴͳһ˸źɫâӲ¡
һĲԱǷλһΧľƮ⼸ߵʲôطܹоĴڣõԼҪ֪Ϣ
ڵһ֮߳һ߽ԼڵעǶ֮ϡգ֮䣬Ƕ֮͸â䵽֮ϡͿɢȺһĹâԶȥ
ʱóɳ߿ʼƺ㵽һλã۽𾦵ǻʴСڴȡһЩ۾֮ϿʼۿĶ
۾֮ϡžĽƺʲôϽ˵һţ


ڶٰʮһ þ
ţ̵Ļֿ֮ʼеֳ֮˷ӦʼóڶĲڵ֮ϡ
һ֮ǰһĵλ࣬Ƕ͸Ⱥͼȴȫͬʱ߸Ͻóɳ߽вĸ۽𾦵Ļٴο˿̾˿˵Ȼţȴûҵˡ
šߵĻ̵Ļߵ˵ͷּ
Щ߲ͣĲͣĲ졣󷨵ŶǷˣɾûҵѺĵطҶܹоʱϵԽãԽΣա
ҶʲôطأˣЩǻʾҲ˰ɡ뵽ĸ֪к˼ԷӲûзӦҶֻܹԼˡ
Ҫ֪󷨵ڲҲ˻Բͻоͻѱ١ɱۣ֮һлһֻ۵ж¶ԭΣҶ׿͸ʡֻ֮УҶҲҪٴ۵ġ
ҶһûзڵĿܡǼǻʾ߻һԲͣŵʱҶ׶ͷѾгһ϶ĸҲ֮ſˡ
ৡһ£һɫĹâҲǴĶͷһɫâ֮£Ҷȫ󷨵ıʡԭһ޴ĶѨ֮СѨĵ֮ǶźöЩ龧ʯͬʱһЩߵĹǼܸվڶѨһ档ʮŸ߹Ǽ󷨵УŰΧ档
֮⣬ЩǼܵϻһЩϡŹֵĵɫַš龧ʯĹ֮£Щɫ־Ȼͷų͵ĹâϸȥЩâͺһǼиûл뿪طҲ˵ôߣط޷뿪
ЩǼڶѨǽ֮ϻǶһſźɫıʯЩʯ֮жǿտҲҲһЩʯһǳǡҶ׽Լ֮һЩЩʯ濴ȥϸϸһ֮Ȼꡣ
˿ӡһƬѩɫ棬˿ѾԽԽ·ʱ᳹һ
Щ˻ĿĵѰңҶֻܹ뾡취ǵעͻȻ뵽һʵеİ취Ͻ⼸˵λߣȻҵΪ粻ǣҲһЩоܹо沢ֻ󣬻󷨻Уͱ˵
Ҷ׵ܼ򵥾Ҫ⼸ߣǿδؾţЩĵط˵ž޴
ŶһƺҶ׵˼ʼҶ׵뷨м㣬༸ʱ֮ǿʼҵһЩ˿
ʱЩþȻǴšѾ򿪣ǿʼ뵽ǿƽ󷨵ʱˡ
󷨵ű򿪣ԭޱȺڰ󷨵оȻâһǻʾû߿ʼӺڰĵط߳ǲϵЩߣʮŸûһӽеĸ߸ŰΧʮŸû߻ڳһ󷨡󷨵֧ţ֮ĬϾȻ֮սٴӡ
һӿŻЩߡҪ֪ҹѣһ̿Ǳˡ
ͻȻҶ뵽һ취ϽЩ˵λߣһǱôûΧ϶Ǳɣڵȫ෴ǻкܶĻᣬȻڣָ˵оȳĻأ
Ҷ˵һ֮Ҳǵ˵ͷΪҶȷʵǣǣҶȷʵҪʤһͷֻۣܹ˵ͷҶ׵˼
Ȼ־˵Ͽ϶й֮ʱȣ˵ô⼸һҶ˵
ҶȷʵҲûʲôð취ָָЩû˵ЩûѾ꣬ǵȻǻ壬ʵҲǺͻ΢ұ߶һǱǲʮǧֻ൱һ벽ߣĸֵЩû߻ûġ
ҾͳЩʱЩ֮Ѱֻ꣬ҪҵҾͻ跨֪ͨǣʱٽЩıʯݻ٣ȻͻƳġҶ׿˿Щվ
Ҷ˵ЩʱЩԭֲΧĴûѾŰΧЩΧ
Ҷ˵껰㽫ԼʼŰΧȦȥҲǿһҶף׼ʼЩûߴһˡ
ȻһʼҶײʮֿأΪпп޵ĻڣǵǿҶ׾ȻܹڶûߵİΧ֮¾ôϢ߳˰ΧȦǶҶ׵ĿҲǳһһٰʮȵĴתۡ
һ⼸ߵƱ
ֵܼɱЩû߸˱ɣ֪ĸͻȻðôһ䣬žͿҲ׷жĸһӶ뵽ûߵ󷨵С
ǲЩû߾ɵһʲôֵ󷨣ͨЩûߵվλǻܹо֮еĳ϶ǿĹ֮󷨵ķͲôǿˡֻҪܹҶҵ֮ǰЩûסǾͻлʤڵĿĲҪ󷨶ǴЩûߵע
׺һеľ޴ȭͷݺݵĺ˳ȥҲһһ˽ôӪС
һɱ˹ЩûߵҲ˿ʾеû̷ֳĲÿһûŵͬղŻûпͻȻһ׹ǴԼϲİ׹ɵ
գ۵Ĺ򣬵һ˽ôӭľȻǳǹá
ǡ
һ޵еƳɱʱһҲǽǵʱƴգ֮γһþˡþ͵һ˫͵һ޴ĳǹıֱӴߵ塣
˿Ҳ˿ʾȻĸ岻󣬵ϵȴԺû࿹⡣ͬʱһֱ͵չͬͷһƴֱצ
һ˳ǹ͵ĴߵʱһȻſ쾹Ȼһ˳ǹҧסˡʱͿצǰ͵һץûߵ徹Ȼץһǳ˿ڡ


ڶٰʮ VS׹ǻ
ٴγȭһȭȭþ˵ȻһץĸоȭͷȷʵûߴĻҲþͷҲŻֱ졣
ۣ
þƺ߲ͣɧžȻһ̶ļСԭޱȿն۾оȻźڻͬʱɫĹ߾Ȼźɫ浱˳ֱ߱˹ȥ
ܵԷǿ󹥻ֻܹ֮ݱܷâ˵һߡɫû䵽ߵϣܿûںڰУûгֻصľ
򽣴ģ
ڵһֵ߳ʱ򣬵ڶҲǻһƬ׹˵ڶûߡһû߲ͬǣһû߽ԼֽһγһƬ׹ǽڣ׹ǽ֮ϵû߷׷չֱ۽еĳǹߡ
Ҳ˿ʾӰǧ򻯣ȻûٸԼÿһԼټԷֱ档Щûȴ˿£Ϊǽڣ൱ڶʮ˫۾ʮ˫ֱۣƾα仯Ӳǵߡ
ʱڰͲסɱĳ嶯ֱӽԼ¶Ĳϻûֱ۵ķɿתǧâҲǴзȥͬһСϪһһǽڡ
žžž
ŴâĲͣˢЩâȻͬһصĽһݺݵĻǽڣǽ֮Ͽʼס
顱һʮһһãһûߵͷ­Ȼ顣һ¿Ǽŭǽڡ
ͻȻ֮ǽھȻ͵ķתֱӷߡʽһ޷ܣһӱ㱻ǽķɳȥͬʱǸ͸¶ûߵҲɷĩ
䡱һߵֱײ˽ֱ֮
ǹת
ŵߵĳ֣һͬһĳǹֱ۵з
𡱵һһȻ̤Ʊ˵ûߡ
û߿һ֣еûҲ͵գ֮һͷ޳ǰ
߰׳ȣһֻʮ׸ߣʮ׳֮һֻþ޸һͷʨӣֻһҰǶѡ
ڶ˵֮ҰδزɱʨӡʨӼ֮ʱҲⲻᱻҰʳ
ء
һŭҲſ췢һޱȹĺСǹֱ˽޵ĿУ顱һ޵һž޴ͷ­ֱӴ̴ҲӦųǹٴλһʹâصУߵӰҲ͵һٴޡ
Ҫ֪Щߵʵһһǿ˵ߵʱѾܹԼЩûߴƽˡ
ڵû߳Կʱ򣬵ĸҲǳЩûߵǰ
˺ѵأڵĸ֮߳󣬻ûЩûӦһ˫޴ѾǵǰЩû͵ĸоһ˫޴Ƴ֮Щû߾Ȼһ޴Ĵ⬡׹ҲǴӰ׹Ǵ֮չ
ˣ֮еһ˫޴Ȼץ׹Ǵ⬡
š֨֨Ǿ޴ȻҲܵһЩ˺ǰ׹Ǵϵ˿ҪһЩ
ʱһֱڰвٿһ˫Ƶ֮Ҳǳ˿ڡЩ˿ȻȴΪһ˫޴Ѿе˾޴˺ߵϲûгʹı顣ڿһӰ׹ǻʧԽԽҲǳһ˿˿ǰδе˷̬
֨֨
һ˫Ť׹ǵԽԽ죬һ׹׹ص׹Ǵ⬵徹Ȼһ˫˺Ƭ׹ǵڵ֮ϡ
˫֣߾ȻڵһνֵоռһЩˡ
ڶ׹׹صʱЩ׹Ҳգ֮һµĸ塣µĸ徹Ȼһð׹ǳʿ
ΪֵһѰ׹ǳĸͷİ׹ʿһСѰ׹ǳ֮ϾȻһצͷֱչš
׹ʿ˲ɣһ˫˵ƣ׹ʿûаֱӻųȥҪһ˫롣Ȼǻᡣ
ʿոճеĳ㱻һ˫Ƹסʱ򣬳֮ϵһֱ۾Ȼʼһ˫Ƴſһ϶ͬʱһͷʼƴ˺ҧһ˫ơ
ʱ̲סʹ˹һһûЩٴαĳƬߵ֮ҲǱ˺Ѫ⡣
һ˫޴ʧ֮һƴ˹ʼ޸Լ֮ϵ˿ڡܿһ˫֮ϵѪ㱻ֹס
ڵĶû߻޸Ѻ۵ʱһǴӺڰ֮гɱֱһʿ
ƣ
ΪóĻƷʩչԼľһûߴɢԼȡʱ䡣ҵٱƽҪһû߲
Ҫ֪ȻЩû߼ǱҪǿ٣ÿ˶䣬Ҫ˻ԼΪܹٴεõԾҶѾǲҪӲƴ򣬵ЩȴҶ׵ĻԷ硣
ˡһһ֣ʱΪһһңԶǿյ֮еδ֪ռ߿һݾһգ۵Ĺսʿǰ
һʿĳһơһƷ·ܹʱաһĳʿλõʱտռ䶼͵Ĳһ¡һƱֱʿϡ
ƺҲԤϵߵĳ֣徹Ȼһİ׹ףһϵʱûҲ˼ʱķͬʱеһ׹ǳҲ͵ı仯Ȼһ׹ǳ˳Ƴߵϱƹ
һӣ׹ʿٴαĵžžֱ죬ۿ׹ʿҪʱеİ׹ǳҲߵ塣
ųƳ֮ϵһſͷҲƴſҪ˺Ƭ
о׹ǳѾߴ󾪡͵һת壬һֻҲ˳ȥһƺȻΪ˰׹ǳ׼ġ
ͬƣڶƵС˺ܶࡣ
һƵĳǰ׹ǳƺܵ΢ͣһ¡ǰ׹ǳ֮ϵİ׹ͷ­ϵķȴû˿ͣ١˻ߵƱ͵ҧһ˺һѪ⣬һȣٴνһ׹ǳߵĸԶһЩ֮Ǳˡ


ڶٰʮ 벽ʥ
ֻ߲ߵʱ򣬰׹ʿٴɢһءܿһӰ׹ǻϾȻһֻ׹Ǵ񡣰׹Ǵ֮ϻһεİ׹ʿ߻صȻҲȱ
׹Ǵγ֮͵ķһֽбߡ
һͻȻʶһǳĵطǾǣЩûߵʵǲԼЩûȴǶСǿ
ܹһδνЩûߴķ顣ܹЩûһΣʮΣʮ֮أ
뵽߾Ȼðһ亹ͬʱ˵ͷҲǱ侲࡭
ЩһٳԿѧʱҶҲһƵ󷨵ıԵ
Ϊֻʹ֮۵ӾܣҲ̫ǿܹܵķΧ
ͣѰĹУ֮еҲĵļ졣ֻܹʱһöƾƣ͡
һöƾʲôϣģһöƾȥ֮Լõ˼Ĳ䣬ҲǴﵽһǰδе۷״̬һЩǲҲǱһɨաҶ׵˲һòĳ徢
ǸϰûƭңƾҩЧǲһɳ徢֮Ҷ׾Ȼܿҵڵһźɫʯλá
ҶɵҲ֪ЩڱʯԲôױ򿪵ġĻ˺
Ǵ˿ԽԽܹо֮еϢѾԽԽٲȡκδʩĻܿͻ᳹׻ɢġ
ҶͻȻ뵽Լɱ񾻻
ԭɱ񾻻ڶʱ֮ڰԼеĸһɫʯȻͶһ־˵ĹЧϾһγԽɱ񾻻ڱ˵ϣʹ֮ǰٻЩŵġ
ƴ˰ɣҿҶ׵Ѿһľ飬һεĳҲǶһЩĵúġ
ɱ񾻻
Ҷ׽ʹóʱͷһֻҲǻıպͬʱ˫۵оȻŷɫĹߡ
ɫĹɨںɫʯ֮ϣȻɫʯ֮еĻɫڻɫеƺҲǵõһ
ǡ
ƴѾҪɢصʱͻȻоԭԽĻȻʼһ˿ů⣬еһɾҲ˼˲١
һϲ֪ԼӦǲԼʼӪԼˣҲʼƴ
ܿԭסȫı˪Ȼڻһ˪֮ҲǱһֱӷֽ⡣оԼ꾹Ȼ˳һ𱻽ӳ硣ȻҶ׵Լǰ
ʱٴһϽҶ˵Ҷͯ㲻ҪţӦǱ󷨵УֻҪĺܹ󷨵ͻΧȥġ
ѻ˵֮ͻȻָоΧԡ
ղǸٵȫͬڰ羹ȻޱȵԼǽ뵽һʱյСʱҶ׻˵ҵԺն磬ѾҴӺɫʯнȳǿԺЩ߻ˡ
Ҷ׵ĻҲͷͻȻ뵽ʲôϽҶ˵ڸϽȥǻϣҵ֮вٱЩǾܹСڵˡ
Ļû˵꣬Ҷױ곯Ǽڵλøȥ
ʱĸ߿Ǳڶû߸ĲסˡҶײϵĻ߰˸ʱ⼸߳ᱻЩû߻ġ
ҶҲæֹѾҵҽָͿ÷ŤתڵľƣͬʱҲȡһЩָʱ䡣
ĸЩû߾Ľп졣Ҷ׵Ļ֮Ƕ׷ƴûӲƴһ֮󣬵˳һ߸Ͻȡ˳͵Ҷǰ
ҶҲǵϽŻص嵱СֻǼʱԭЩ԰׵ָֻ˳̬
籣
ʮûѾҲǺԥԼĿڴһɫ˿͵һסһ˿֮ϵɫâ˲㽫Щû߸ֽȥ
һʱЩû߾ȻʧȥǼ˵Ŀ꿪ʼڽɫâбûҶ֪Ƿڷˡ
˵ҲǺŤתҶֱʵСͯղܹ˳ȳ϶֪ôƽ⣬ϽǴ󷨣ǻǻٴνǱϾģ
ãҶҲ֪ڵޱȵĽܹһ˿һĵ顣͵һָԶĵطһſźɫıʯɢɵĹâҶ׸Ͻ˵ԻĹؼŦ顣
Щɫʯ֮Ǿܹ֮Ƕ龧ʯֻҪЩ龧ʯ֮ЩûҲȥʯֱ֧һİ׹ˣ
Ҷ׵Ļĸ̷ȥǷ׷ʹĽЩɫʯкһҵļ֮Щɫıʯ顣ŵ֮Ҳǳһſͬͨͷ­һС龧ʯ
˵龧ʯܹӵ֮ȡ¾ǼֵǣʮҲ򲻵һôõĶǴ˿̸ѰʱǱ뵱ϡ
΢һݣЩǻʾһҲͣĿʼЩ龧ʯ顣Щ龧ʯոյһ룬ǻ籾ȻЩû߱ơʱеû߶ǵڵ֮ϡ
Ҷ׵ΪԼһʱͻȻһֱóûڴӵ»
Ҫ֪һʼֵʱЩûһʮŸһֳĶӣÿʮʵϻһûûв뵽սС
ڳֵû߾ʮŸûǿİ벽ʥߡ
ѪеĽЩɱ⣬û뵽Դ걻ȡ֮սϵƾȻһӱתٲֿ¾ûгֵĻˡʱ벽ʥ߲жЩû龧ʯϵеȫԹ䵽ϡ
һһ˫׹ɵĳҲǴӰ벽ʥߵչٴһµĸ߶ȡ
ˣǿ֪ǻĹ𣿷ǽ뵽˶ֻ³һǱóΪǵʳһ־Ǳڰʯ꣬Զ棬Ҫѡһأ벽ʥ֮֮߳ǿϢһӽ˵עȫȥҶҲǺ⡣


ڶٰʮ 
벽ʥһֱü˵Ķųγһֲֿա
ȻʮֲԸƻ󷨵жǱ벽ʥߵĳָˡ
ĸ߶һ֪һսҪʼڣ⼸߶ڵȴʱ
˿Ϊǿİ벽ʥߣ΢۴һɺݾ˵λ߸ҳªĶҴ趼ʶ
Ҫ֪˵⻰ʱǴǿš˵仰һǿԵҶ룬ʱĸΪȥĸ߿Ҳԥġ
ʱĸ߱ͬһɽһ벽ʥߡ
ݣݡ
ĸ벽ʥߵʱǵ嶼һƿͬʱİѳҲǴǵ벽ʥϵĸҪ
ĸҪѾͨĴҪˣǰ벽ʥ˫ۺ˫ֵĹؽڴĸΪ벽λк󷨹ͨš
ǽŸɣԼĸĸȥɱǰ벽ʥߣٴκҶͶ뵽ƻ󷨵ĹС
ʵҶ׿ɳԼĸȥԸǿİ벽ʥߵʱΪλὫЩ龧ʯߡλЩ龧ʯʱᶨˣһԥûУ⵹Ҷһʹ
Ҫ֪󷨵вϰٸ龧ʯÿһ龧ʯֵʮöЩ龧ʯֵö񡣶Ҷ˵Ȼһʾ޴ĲƸʲôûŸҪˡ
Ȼ龧ʯԽ࣬벽ʥߵƾԽ࣬һֱʣµ龧ʯ֮Ķʱ򣬰벽ʥߵűĸߴķ顣һ벽ʥûվ˺ڰС
ڰ벽ʥ߱ɷĩʱ򣬻ʣ¶ʮ龧ʯָǿʮ龧ʯƽָÿĿ龧ʯķ䷽ǹƽ
󷨱֮Ѩԭò¶ɡǿʼŶѨȥ
ԽǰߣǾԽǾѨĹأѨǽ֮ϻһЩŹֵͼЩͼһЩԭʼĳЩԭʼͼ
Щͼòʮֵģòûбеֻϴŵĺɫۣŵĺɫ
һ֮ϻŨŨѪƺЩרΪȥѪ
ߵһͨľͷǰʯʧȡ֮һ޴ʯңʯҵȫ̵ĹߣЩ̾մѪǽ֮ϸǻʬ屻ĳ˵Ĵү֮Ҷ׿֮ҲһҪŻµĸо
ֻһĹѨʲôطأҶ̲סԥʱٽѾûκηӦˡܹоԽǰɢڿеϢԽŨأҲоҲЩѹˡ
û󷨣ӦһЩ֮ǰ̵ĹߣϲĴͳӦûΪпֶΡһһ߸⼸ķ֣ҲҶ׳˳ʶ
ȻǲǰеĹУǿ˸̾ߣЩѾ̾ߣǱһĥ˵ķˣһּġǡֻǼһǳײе顣
ǼǰУڲԶĵطǿһ޴ĿӶӶ澹Ȼදʬǣ֪˶£ʬѾʼܵʴӶѪôĿ
ʱһޱԹӶ˳
ء
ǳĹ죬ңëȻҶ֮Ҳ̲סһսȻִҪӶѰǸԴ
ܹоǸԴѰҵǸԽԽǾëȻһȫʹĸо

һǸӶ˳
ߣȻЩ֮ǸǿǴҶ׺ĸ»߽Ӷ档
˵Ӷʬĵطﲻʬ壬вǿ޵ʬ塣Ǽʬĺ֮ϣÿһһ춯֨֨˵һЩĪѹ
ء
һ·֮ëȻԽԽӶһ޴ļ̨ҲʮԳǵС
޴̨ǲ򳡴һƬյأڿյص˵ĺǶѻɵСɽһʮ׸ߵļ̨򳡴СĿյм䣬ǷĹ˿̾վǼ̨֮ϡ
Żûпʱһڴڿ֮͵վԭؿʼһҶ׶һҪŻµĳ嶯
˵һֻޣϻһһŮòĽϣཻŻ峯м俿£һһŮһĶ
Щ˶ĵģΪĵȫ͸ģҲܹһЩ֮оȻ̫ʺѪ⣬ëǰ֮ϾȻаһոձɱĲ֫
⼸ֱͣӳԵ˫֣ȫȾѪΪŻǣʳЩմĳӣҳԵýζӡ˽ˣȻ¶ֹŹֵЦܲסֱµˡ
⻹Ƕİ¹̲֮ס̾
ء
ԶҶ׵˲֪ΪʲôˣǹѧЩ֮ǰֱ˵Ŀ˵дԵĻǱ̬
¸¸¡
﷢һֹ֮ͣ˽ʳǰʱȻһЦ׿Ҷ׺ڿ˵ˣҵطˣһѡеĵʹߣһǡ
һܹ˵۾Ҷ׵ʱͻȻͣ˵Ҳ΢΢һ֪һҪ˵ʲô
ĿҲ֪ˣҪҪҵȡҵ࣬뷨̫ˣʱת긴һ꣬ȥˣɹ˼ëǣϣβҪʧﲻ˵ǹʮ㡣ĸ߿ʱȴûаӣѾʱս׼


ڶٰʮ Ӥ
Ҷ׵뷨϶ɱŶԡ
ǵ˵Щʱ򣬲ûκηӦץŵЩĵĶȻڳһҶ׵˵ĳֳŵӡҶ׵һͷĵĸоˡ
Ҫ֪һѻʬǵľ޴ѨЩʬǵûҲˡѨ꣬ǰ˾ǶѨΨһˣÿ춼ڲͣĳĻôԵ˾ʲôطأ
վڼ̨һЩҪɱҲƺһ޿ֵӡҪôѾɱ˺ܶأԼѾͲںˣҪôѾԼˣȻҪˣֵǰһٴ˵
ôֿܶҶ׺һޱȾ޴ıСһ߻ıһᷢôµ飬˵Ҷ׸ˡ
ʱǲ˵һ仰ҵطˣһѡеĵʹߣһǡǵƺѾĳľ𣬻дأ
Ӧô죬ɱǡͻȻҪ˵ǵ궫ɱͻȻһ룬Ϊʲô˳֮ɱءһȻԼҪ˵ĻӲĸȥ
Ⲣ˵ţǰʵٹˡ쵽Ҷ׶Լж˻ɡһʱǶԼıλö󵨵Ĳ²⡣նʱù
ھɱԲܹ⼸ʬ塭֪ʲôʱҶͻȻͷ󺹵Ĵӻ֮ѹϿǺûлǵȴѾڿʼ仯
˼ûзӦҶ׸Ͻ˵˵ĻģҲǼٵģ˵ĿľΪǵעЩ˵ѰһΪӣʱͻὫǳɱѰһµѰߣ
ãô²˳ٸϽ˸ɱ˿ĸ񾳻ߣȻһ񾳻߾Ȼ͵
ɱ͵һģǿ͵һתֱӱ㽫ǸǻʾֱɱͬʱµǻʾҲǽһֳͶŵ˵ϡ
û뵽ԼĹƾȻô챻Ҷ׷Ҳ¶һ˼ı飬û뵽ѡе˾ڲͬҽ컹пܱɱˣȻǾͱȱȿ˭ľһЩ
ǻʾͬһԼֻǴһӣһɹɶ֮ȥһЩ㽫ǻʾߵĽŲʵԽҶס
˿ٵûаšҶ׾ͿԼĿڴȡ˽ɫС룬С֮ϵһɫһɫڽɫС֣ʱܹɫСһ
𣡡
ѾʱһɫСһӿҶ׵ͷҶ׾͸оԼ徹ȻһⱣƾôڲ˺
෴˵ȭͷÿκڽ֮ϣͱһҧһڣһ˵һֱ۾ȻֱӸŪһļС
ʱͬʱ̽˵塣壬˶Ҷ¶һʹı顣
ҶΪ˻ѴǿıֱӴ̴˵廹ûнɱϼֳ֮һ첲˫͵ĳǰֱ߱ķɳȥ
ʱĻ֪Լı϶βģϣһ˵ͷһƽ˵ͷ­飬ٴתһȭҲɳȥ
ˡһԭϵҲǱ嵯ɳȥ˿ٴ¶а˵֮ϣҪ򿪽Ҷɱ
һ룬һ߻Ц˵Сһһ϶ǱǸϼһƭģҸǸϼһٻϰ꣬ǲ֪ΪʲôʵʼնôСﶼܹɱƫƫˣˣҪԴԴϵɱˣһδ
һߵŽ뱻һڿڽ˺飬һ߲ͣȻ˵ĻЩ֣ҶƺĻƷʲô
ʱٴη˻ףƾǸɱ˵ġٴʱӿڴͳһɫСӡ
һ˵塣˵ΪʱסԼıã붼㽫Ҷ׵ͷֱֵ˵ϡ
һɫСӱ˻ƴײҲ޷˰֣һطлؽԵģʱǸ˵ԿƲϵҵʱú֣ôʲô᲻һⱦﻹã
治ͣڣԽԽС˵ʲôһֱ˵֮ϣƺѰλá
Ҳ΢ԥһʵһҪȡ˵𣿡
ĻشҶЩ⣬ĻشǷǳ϶ģһҪŪ˵࣬һΪʱ֣ϣܹƯһЩˣһһ벻ľϲģ
ԭҪҶѰ˭֪ûпȻһ֪Ǹ˵ʲôѰ˵ࡣôᶨľܹµ˵˵϶Ǵôġ
ڽ뵱˵ԽԽѾֽӽ׵ʱ̽˻߳˹ȥֱӽ˵סҶ׼ȡʱ
ʱȻִԼĿڴȡһŹķֲͼҶסҶеɻҲԴǸ˵ʵ֮ǰҸ㿴˻ģҵһݣһͼ˵ȡˣ
Ҷ׵һο˵;ʮֵĹ졣ͨ಻ͬ˵ྐྵȻٵеһӤ״塣
Ҷ׵һۿ˵ĺϸ۲ṹûзһӤ״ࡣǵһͼʱ򣬶ʱеԵɡ


ڶٰʮ 
׼ȷ˵˵һǻģһྐྵȻҲһ˵Լû˵Ҳ᳹ʧġ
ڽ뽫ΣڵϦӤƺҲоǿΣʼ˵ݸҶ׵һͼӤκһ൱еķֱͼ
˵ܵвʱһӤܻܿ뵽˵档Ҫɱͱ׼λãпܷ˸
ߣһӽڵλáȫأڸҶҵһʵĻᡣ
׼ǰʱǸоȫһּΪĸо䵱˫ʱһֶӿͷ룬ӦþǶ˴ڵһ˰ɡ
ǱȽҪɵġΪǰѾʼעˣԵҶ׿ʱܹסּ˶ĵĸоȻֶԱһͼݣܿҵӤڵλá
׼ȷ˵һγζǿҪٲժȻЩţǵϿʼиʱʱȴһвʵĸоʼͶ뵽һεС
ܿ죬˵ǰϵıиһ˵屻иֵܹ٣һЩûüĲ֫Ƭ
Ҷ׼еһٿʼΪ׼иͽʣžͿ澹Ȼ¶һ΢ҵļⱡĤҶܹоⱡĤӦþӤˡ
Ӥģǻ۳̶ȲߣԵҶ׽ӤȡʱӤֻ΢־ĽȴûķҶ׽Ӥ뵽׼õĺ档
Ҷ׽Ӥ˵ȡʱ˵岻ͣ˼ºܿˡ˵ǵǻһֻźǳЩ龧ʯ֮Ⲣûҵκαء
Ҷ׿˿ǰ̨˼һҲûʲôµķ֡ƺʲô±ûͣ뿪˼̨˳ͨȥ
һĻǺ˳ģõһСС֮ƣõҪõӤࡣҶܾ黹ԶԶûнҲоʲôǿвʼû¶档
Ȼ̨߳ʱͻȻһضɽҡǼ̨ڵλô˳ǾͿԭ̨ڵķȻɽݣԭкǵĵطȻʯ׸ǣһƬǽ壬ҵǲûг
ʱϽҪӿڴȡͼȴֵͼ֪ʲôʱѾˡһ㷴ӦûУŵͼͱĳߣֻǵͼԼʧġ
֮Ҷ׻࿴һƺףһ뿪ҲҲطͼϵǸλƺԭ
Ȼڵλãڵͼ֮Ǹ䡱λáʵ϶Ҷ˵ѾҲ޷ָԭȡˡ
ͻȻҶ׺뵽˵һ仰ҵطˣһѡеĵʹߣһǡǻ඼˶Էһȴʵ޷仰ĺ塣
ͻȻ˿еһƺʲôлһ־Ȼƺû¶ĵӡ
˳ԭĵ·һŵĸǰ
һ·ϿﶼѾʧΨһȾ޴Żƺڸǣȷȷʵʵﾭһաֻ־Զ޷һˡ
ǻʾ˳߹ţ
ৡһоԼǰһģʲôǰ嶼޷ˡ
һֻܹ۾ǰǳ޾ڰδ֪Ŀռ䷢
ǰһɫǰĺڰ֮вͣиһصҲʼǰ֡
ء
Ǹص绹ûг֣ȳֵһޱҵޱȵãȴʼܹ˵ޱǿ𺳣ÿһֿ̲סһƬļƤ
ѵνĵʱûʶԼѾԼ忪ʼ뵽һ統С
һٴǰͣиǰɫ˺ܶ࣬¶һģľͻȻһΪĳߵС
û뵽ǰȻһƬʬ塣ЩʬģһЩ˵ʬסЩʬ׾ôһƬƬϡ
һ޼ʵ֮ݲΪɺԣض˹Źֵĸɺ״̬л׵ѷֲϡ
ЩʬڵûþȻǵƸ죬ⲻ˷Ϊкվ֡ʬĻǵĿжԼͬķһʹܵ˼Ϊ꣬ȴƫƫҪǽԶȥ
ܿٴתһƬΪɽءɽ֮вͬһĿӶڿӶ֮һ˴ʼ泯ʳʲô
߸ſ˹ȥ㿴һ޴ڵաоȻͷųɫĹâ뵽Щʬ档Щʬϱ¶ޱܵı顣
ЩʬϿջһ߾߸Ϊǿʬ徹Ȼ˰֮вͣǿŸΪ֮
ʱͻȻֻþ֮ѹѹʱԼȫѾ˫ڵϺһһ
ˣˡڼƴĽк֮Żѹ

͵ĺһʾԼӦûʲô飬ҸղֻǸоʣӦûʲô飬Ǽ̰ɣ
ûѯʸղԼ׷ʲôֻǴߴǼ̣ܿǾͻصԼճʱС򡣴˿СѾǴ¯緹
Ҷ΢ֵĿ⣬Ҷ˵ҲأҵרأǸСҲҵ˽˲ƲȻһƬʮֵĻһһὫģ
һ׳־ӣҶЩࡣܹ뵽ԼΪУ˵Ǹʱټˣദһȴ֪һĳ˾÷̡
һϷҪȥûչҪͣοѾɹĻΣΪʲôЩԼء
Ҷܹоɵĺ˳һ


ڶٰʮ 
ݶһ棬һȻãҲٶ͵ˣǺܿġοѾŵҶһ벻ľϲҶȻԴˡ
ҶͯεɵĲ˴󹦣һһģЩǲǵģұ֤һشϲģ˿Ҷ׼Ϊ̹Ȼı飬һĵ˵
ȻϱֵļΪĵӣҶǾ˿̵Ŀ϶ǷǳصģصжôһЩ˳Ĺ졣ָоͺһɽѹͷһ
Ҷȴ޷֪̽ʹĸԴʲôطֻܹڷصĵ·֮һߺģһߺܱߵľɫ
һγһǻʾߣϲûпѹƺֻһֻΪµĹѡ
żó֮ǱصСһʼҶ׶Сûʲôоһηصʱϸһ£ȴСҪɽѾԳΪһĳǳˡ
ôһطԼģɼһƬ֮Ͼ˶Ѫˡ
˻صʱѾ׼һϺõľƲˣһ֮㲻ͣĸҶ׾ƣŪҶҲЩΡ
Ҷ¶ɫҲûΪǺҶһɨʳ
Ҫ֪Щǿߣÿ˵ͺһС͵Ĳֿ⣬ʱǧʳﶼܹװĸУοЩʳԭͺζء
Ҷ뿪Ǹ֮أдѵʱȥǰЩζҶҲ˵ҲġֻôԣϵʳҲǻһһһֱԵҲ̾ǲǽһ޼ɵʢ硣
Źһһ֮Ŀ⿴Ҷףʮص˵㷹֮Ҵȥתһתɡ
תһתҶײ֪Ϊʲô˵ĻҲ͵һ˵ǵҸʱǲȥɨˡȻǽܿܳΪУһǻǱ˴֮ѡ
ãҲģһе㰲źˣĻҶ׳ɣӳɢһ
Ҷ׵ĻҲǸ˵ĵ˵ͷʼҶСϹ䡣
㿴Ǳǳۡר˲ŽСģСѾԽԽϧ۹ܹܽ۹̵ͨĻĽ轫øӵߵСĽֵ֮ϣָָСĵĽ̲ס˵
СļУȻֻǿ˲ʮ֮صĵطδǻһǧ˾ۼĵطʱеľҲἯҶһָָ֮һƬȽĵطԺ˵
СӶĵطֻڻûӶᣬֻСʱһЩԻȽ壬δļ֮һж仯ģִҶС֮Ϊĵط
ִҶСת˱㣬Ҷ׿СеʩĹ滮Ҷ׻ҲѪڡ
˵ʵҶ׽һԼļ塣
ʱԼһƬԼ죬Ҷ׿СƺоԼҲˡ
ʱͻȻ˵ˣҶܹͯܲңҾҪʲôȻҺӴʱ䲻ܹоԲΪ˱ǿô򵥣Ϊ̫ǱڣҲǵˮ©ѵػһִСõĸо˵ɣҾԲΪģ
Ҷ׷˺ܶ࿪ĵ֮ͻȻɫһ˵ȻΧûĸʿǴ׺ݵı鿴ǶԼɱˡ
ȷʵҪȥûģҪдչĻϣãˡ
пĳб˵ʯȡ档ǿ˵Ҳһ۷ǿˣڱܵ¡
ҶܹоԴӽѵؾҪгΪƷľ򣬷Ļĺܿܿģܹ氾һӣȻҪӼƽ̭ġ
ޱƺ׺ݵҶ֪ںԼ̯ˡԱôһʣҶҲνΪİ˰˵ҵļ屻ҪѰҼ屻ԭͬʱҲҪʵҡ
Ҷôһ˵ϵı΢ɳһ£ܹоҶ׵Ļشûٵĳɷ֡ǳЦǺǣò˵뷨ɣϧԼڰ֮ڶ޷κϣˣڰ֮Ǹ֯һ£ͻᱻһ½ȥôһʱ䡭
˵ԽԽ˰ʾҶ׿ˡôʾ⣬ҶҲŤٴκһ
ҶԼԥ˺ܾòΪп˵ʵйͬ
ȻҶܹ뵽϶ҪԼ˵ʲôޱȻܵ飬ǵ˵Щʱʮɻ˵㲻ҵôܺһйͬ
Ҷ˵⻰ʱ򣬶ʮֵĿЦ
ʱϾȻһҶ׼Ϊܹİ˱顣ǸʱҶҲǸոձһƬҡ
ǺǡǺǡҶ׵ĻһЦ⵹ҶЩ֪롣ʵΪΪ죬˼ңα˼ˣҲѭӦˬ˰ɡ
˵ʵĻҶﾹȻһֲ̬ĿУͺԼĳѾ˱һǵ˵ĻȴҶ׵뷨Ȼĳһӵѡ
ֻǿϧûмּͳ׶ϿΪһһСоĸҶڹҲǼΪпġ
˵һоʲôɵģҶ׸Ҳ𰸣ֻܹݡȻ֮ҲԼһΪѵһת䡣
һεĸЦʹŻ˵ʵҲҵⲻ٣ĸȴҸŵеһҲС檰ɣ
ȻļҲǷǳԺգ۹һҲǧ˿ƵĹϵϧҵǰԵô
ʮʱĸ׼ҳΪҺʹ޼һֶΣ޼һҵҵ翪ʼչԼ
ϧĸ׼֮󲢲ôܵҸ׵ӣܵȢ檵ɧţĸ˰ʹ޴˵Һʹ޼ҵŦȴܹѡ
ֻõĻ¡


ڶٰʮ Բиү
ҵĳĸ׺ܶϣһֱ֧ȥĶҲ̫һʱͱĹ϶Ϊţĸ׺Ҷ
ʮȥˣ޼Ҷĸ׵ĺøӵ滯Ǽֺĸ׵ʱ򣬻ԼвĸҪһøĺôʱ޼ҵѾǳӴˣ۹ĻԴ޼ҶЩˡ
۹ʼ۹һǿʹ޼һྺͬʱ尵֧ԼңҪƺ޼ңӶ֮ƽϵ
Ǻ۹ܹһֱôǿƵķչȥ޼ҵ۹һ֧֧ķչѾв˻壬õĵۻЩսľֻϧ޼ҺҵĹϵǿʵʼղĶ޼ҡ
۹Ļ뵽һӺݶİ취ǹĶ޼ҺҵķĿһı㻺
Ҵ˿ʮʱΪԺմҲǼΪ³çģұΪ˴޼Һ֮ĵ˵¶һݶı飬ĻﵱҲ̫Ρ
Ҷܹо϶Ϊʢо뵽һޱȲҵȨУΪĳһһöҪӣĽ֪޼ҿ϶ǱҸˡ̵ֻоʲôҵḶ́Ҷ׾Ͳˡ
һ۹Ĺ統УȻҲμһ硭
ʱȻʮ꣬ʵѾﵽ鵤۷壬Ȼҵҩ֧ף츳۹Ҳþˡγϯ۹ĹȻҲǴģ޼ҵȻ˲УоͰһֱȽϲĴ޴ࡣ
Ȼô޼оϵȴٻش޼ң޼ҵЩ˶ǵͷ֮ǰò츳ϵȵĴ޴Ҳˡ
ǰδ޴ΪǰԼԽвйһЩܽӴһڹϴ޴ƺѾôˡ
󻹸Ŵ޼⼸޼ҵүһֵĶţƺ壬һ۹һĿ̬ĸʱһı顣
Ҫ֪ҿһڰĿֲ壬۹ĻҲֻеĵķݡֻЩڼ֮еλһ㣬ԽкǿԲŻǰŻʼճһȵӡ
ʮֵĲˬԸһȻҲûнЩǴ޼Һһϵһܵߺ
˽Զĸ׽üҵĺӡΪԱȽϵĸȥң˴Сʶʱ顣
ֻԶ츳ͲһЩΪֹҵ֧ԮҲһԪɵΪѡȻΪһЩС嵱Ѿˣڴ޼Щŵ˵ǲ˺ܶࡣټУȻͱ޼ŵӸ롣
ȻԶһٱ۸ǰȴû˿ı¶һ˵ǵĺûЩ޼ҵүΪҲĬ顣ֻӴ࣬ټǵĳҵɻǶҲǶһĪĿ־塣
ģԽǺ¾ԽǺ档޼ҵЩүȻҲͲ⣬ΪжһЩζһЩָҪѰҵһЩ̼ǡǡǵ׷޴ҲһҫǶ޴ĳЩͳ֮ϵܽӴҲǶһЩ
ֻЩ浱жҵĳ͸߲ڳСֻд޴ܹӴֻܹԶԶ޷ӽһﵱж͸һŵĴʣǶһ֪
Ƕɲȫͣһ֮ϣǴӴ޴Ŀлõ˸顣Ǵ޴ÿᵽʱ¶˷ܣ͸Ǽʺʹ޵ˡ
ڻ֮ϵǶҲǶ˼ֺ
һĮӽ޴ࡣԵԶԶһߵʱ򣬴޴оһЩʹһֱ֮ޡ
ʱһСŮ֮ǳ˵ܵߡŮ࣬һá
೤ĲƯԴ޴˵Եøӵ崿ɰϲͣÿܿġڴ޼΢һ¶ѹ죬ڴ޼Һܶ˶ǱܶԶ֮ö֮ΪĹϵܺãҲᱻ޼ų⣬ȻͳΪõѡ
вûʲôֵܶᷴĿɳ棬ֿĸ黹ǱȽټġ
ֻЩڼһǿҲԽеĴ޴Ǳһζ
˿޼ҵү̾Ϳ⣬Դ޴ֺõ˵ϴǸ̫ɶˣƽʱװҲˣڻţһαļһҪҪȥ
ʵ޼үһдһ޼͡ССѾﵽ鵤Сڴ޼Ҳѵõ˲š̫ʵȻһɰҲ⡣
һʹ࣬޼ҵǸҲ棬һһ뷨ǹȥĻȿԽĥԶԳû̽һʵΪǽһֵ춨˻
ϧǵ뷨̫棬ʵ̫пˡ
Ļ޴üͷҪ֪ɲǰİ׳աȻֻȥһΣǿԼڲǿߵıֶҹĿ࿴Ǽڲĸ߲һᵽҶūһҲЩ˼ɡ
ڴ޴ǿҲǱ۹΢ǿļѣڴ޼Ѿȫܹ۹壬ȻҲû֮ǰô־ˡ׳ռǰֹʱ򣬴޴ȻȻĵ˵ͷҪ澿һʲôˡ
ǳ۸˾۸ˣǾͲȡԡһʱڼΪ۹һŮĴ޴ྐྵȻǰˣС
õ޴֮ͬ󣬴ʹ޼ͱ˸߲ҵĳ嵽վһԲԱƷζĴǰ
޼ͺʹˣûʲôӦһûһӡ
ǴԶһ۾Ϳһǲ⡣ͬʱ࿴һ￿ԼʱԭĵıǽԭЩҲ̲ס˼ͣ
һǣҲǿеһЩ֮


ڶٰʮ 
࣬Һʹ޼Ϳ͹Ĺ㣬ƽʱϲôҲЩʳˣĸǰǱֳĵӣôһ󷢸пʵ
ôһʣҲͣ롣ʵô޷Ҫ˵仰ڳʲôûϸ롣οڼҲܹԻҲΪһЩҩҪɿڵԭû˹Ȼ΢һЩˡ
ڴôЩ߸ʱ򣬴ʹ޼ͻȻЦǱͲҪĴ鷳ģԶڴԭôܹء
ȻһЦ֮󣬴ϵıʱҲǽӲ
࣬㿴־ͺأƽʱӦöȥЩݣЩҶЩһܹһЩ۵֭һͷĸţͿΪ๱ˣ˵ţ޼ͺʹһЦ
ԶȭͷҪ˵ʲô
ΪʲôҪأ
ʵҪ̣۸Ĵִ̫࣬򲻹˵˵ֻܹһÿƴĳһտǵĲǳԾͷϧķӵĲԽԽ붼ĵز
û뵽ԱλǲҪһ˿һ͵ġ
ڴ޼ͺʹϷŪеʱͻȻоһ䣬һӰǵǰ
͸оԼؿںһһҲͬߵķһ˳ȥ
䡱һײһ޴ԲԲ֮ϵʳȫϡͬʱҲǸоɤһһѪҲǴĿ˳ԭޱȸɾʳϾȻ˴ƬѪͬʱоԼǰһĳƣǸղһȭ߹Ҳˡ
žһ˺ѷεӴĿд˳ʳϣֱӽڵ֮ϡΪؿޱʹֱӻȥ
һһ޼ͻȻоһȫûϽӵ˼ΣΪȫ
ΪǿĿ־壬޼һӹǰ޴ĿʼˣʱӺͳĿ⣬ԱĿ⣬޼˵ĿҲۼ
һӦȻµļִ޴ˡһ˸Ͻߣһܵ޼͵ǰޱȱĿ
޴ѾŵĻĴ޼͸Ͻס޴˫Ȳͣ߿ࡣǴ޴ȴ޼ͣǶʮַŭ˵ﲻңѵʲô鲻ܹú˵Ҫּ˵ķʽ𣿡
Щĵǲ֪жôֲЩĸ߲ˣ۹Ļ֪ҵǿʵڿһ֮ͷϷ׷׳˲ٵ亹ƺʶ²ˡֻе˴޴ƺһֱֱ׳ӡ
ʱ޼ҵĸ߲ȴ׷ԥҪ֪ǿһַģҵʵġǵǿǶҵ·ҲǳһЩԵĵִڱҺʹ޼Сһķʵδұʹ޼һ˻ìء
Ϊ˶׷ηҵȨƣ澹ȻһƬļžоЩһֱĴ޴໹ΪǴ޼ҵȨЩ˲ϵĽ͸һЩЩȴôĻЦ
ҵǸĻԲô׹ȥģڴ޼Ҹ߲㻹ôȥⳡС֮˱ȽϺʣӴ޴࣬޼СһŵĿٴαһǴӲ˵ڣȴֺ˵ĻһӴ޼Ҹ߲㶼׷ͣҪСôһ
Ȼ޼ҵĸ߲вĹ˼ɣȫûķաͦͦԼӣһĴ޴ྐྵȻ޼ɵĿЦǿЦҸǸΣ˵ˣǴ޼и߲ˣҲܵǸҪļҳϴһʲôҵµ׼򡣡
˵ƺͣһ¡
ҵ׼ǣҵʲôֻ˸ϴ
ҷǷļ嶼Ҫż屻Ķˣһ˵ĵʮһǷ˵ǿӲǶŴеļ
ĻЩ߲涼һĻ̿ѰЩСʱĻŭˣһҪȥۡЩʧأЩ߲ϽԼĵӸ
ʱһͻ֮ˡԽԽ˼뵽ַеУһֱſڵϲĴ޼ͺҵԼʧȥ
ڴ޴ֵʱ͵ĴӵվݺݵĶ˵ûһЩǻĹ磬ղŴ˻ĹѾʮĴֶǴ޼ҴС㲻ϼ
ʵڴ޼͵޴һֱǼ嵱еıҲǼ廹ǻǸӣ۹һʲôֻҪǣ浽޴඼ữΪģ֮
ʱ䳤˴޼ͱԴ޴ΪĸоֻҪ޴һе鶼᲻֮ģУһС檵Ķӣӳ̶Ⱦ͸ˡҲ˵ЩޱȿĻ
ղ˵ʲôֻҵ۸ˣû˸۸ҵֻҪ˸ҺԾͻᱻţһοǴ޼£ìƵһµĸ߷塣
޼ͺûб߶ĻǴ޴Щˣ޼ҵ߲ҲǱŵͷ󺹡ҪǰֹѾǲˡ
ڴ޼˵Щ֮ò˵һЩΪµ飬˿ѾЩͳĺðѪֽ˵ӾͲܹǴ޼ңοӾǴ޼ҵˣ˴޼ҲԼ𣿡
ӲһС檵ĶӣңʲôһС檵ĶӶָֻܹţһ͸ļҡ޼͵Ļû˵͸оˡһתͿжӴ޼ҵĸ߲ͷ󺹵ĳ˹޴Ҳһѽϡ
ʱ˵ʲôˡ޴͸оԼͻȻܵһɴֱӷɵУһѾ˴޼͵ĸǰ
֪ΪʲôͻȻһּµ뷨Ϳ޼͵徹Ȼһɴ͸һƬѪӴ޼͵˳ϾȻִ޼͵һŵࡣ
޼ǼΪ񣬼ƶĤ棬ŵ״ƬѪĲӴ˳˾Ϳ޼͵һͷ­Ҳ׵ĸȡ
ʱ޼촦ˡ
֮ǰ޼ޱȻں޵Ŀ˵úݰҺúڣҲúԡ


ڶپʮ Ϻ
һһޱǿƵļ壬ΪһЩ챦С弸ţëҶ׿Լ屻Ų֮һһ屻ͺһֻôļ򵥡ҲΪʲô֪Ҷ׵ļ屻𻹻ΪѵԭΪҶѾľˡ
˿̾ĹУڶ߲ޱȾֵǰһУ޼ҵҲзŭ־֣һƵĳ衣֪ǲܹܺõĿһУǽӭʲôΪµĺ
ңµٴͬǿµĴһ뵽߲Ļ䵱С
ʱһֱԼλϵĵۻͻȻʶ̬Ѿ󣬸Ͻû߿ʼƾ棬ֹٶȶ񻯡ǾʱȺ֮ͻȻڳһˡǴ޼͵ĸףء
صʵǺǿҲʮ꣬ʮıСɵǿˡޱȺݶɱֶΣڴ޼ң۹ҲһˡǼڵĵλĶӻܹǰͳ࣬һͷ­ҲǱӲնϣԭͻĺصĴؼֱһ
ɱҶӣھһɣԼͷ­ޱݣص۾ĶҪðѪˡ
͵ʱҲֻ΢΢һЦ㽫еһͷ­˳ȥ
ӵķǴ˹λá͵һջ̲סԼӵͷ­ǾʱһѾߡַĳһʮƶ˴صؿڡ
һ˳˺üʮŽеͷ­Žָٴγֵʱ򣬴޼Ѿʼˡ
žһֻڰ֮кݺݵײ޼ͺŭһֱӽɳȥͬʱҲǽһֱ۸ϵˡ޼һֱӴؿҪ顣
ʱͻȻϲû֮ǰֿ־壬һĳͷŵĿУⲢĺֳܹ侲ͻȻ֮ҲǸоһ⣬оʲô
ʱ޼ҪѾˣһؿڣʱ͸оԼƺʲôһ¡ͬʱһλεذҲǴ˳
һ̽˴ص࣬ȴûһҲǴλãֱӽɳȥ
һжǷڵʯ֮䣬ҪֹҲѾ̫ˡ
˽֮˼ء
ۡһһѪĿ˳ҡҡλûеҲܵشȻһذûн̴һذȴѾ׷ӡжˡ
ڽֵ˵ܾˡƺûĻڻĳŴڵλûȥ
ʱ۹Ļһӳʮ߰˸˲佫ʹظΧѾʧȥжȴҪɱһʱЩάĻҲЩΪˡ
ͻȻ֮޼ߵľҲԽԽңһЩصźѿرɱƴҪǰ塣ڼߵַ£Щ޼ҵӲûн
ʱͻȻʧȥһӰڵϿʼƴĴһʱ幬ձޱȵĹѪȡ
ǲ֪޼ҿǱҴȷչģϧҶԴ޼ԽԽ˲䣬С¾Ҫ޼һɫɣ
ǰ޼۹ԽԽˣĴ嶼ûа취ͷʺҿǵù
Щ۹ڴ޼ұشȻǷǳ⿴Ǹϣ޼Һ˺
ڴ޼ʹͬˡ
峤СͲӦòμӹ磬ʲôʸμӹ磬ڿɺˣɱǴ޼ҵŵӣʹܾˣԺǴ޼ô۹ȥܴ谡һ޼ҵĸֱ߲ʹļ׵˵ǵԴ޼ҺҺˡ
߲ͣĹĶ޼ҵȥƺܹô޼ٴü
һ˿̷·ָղŻߵĴҲһɷףȫһߣԶҲЩηηڲԶƺǱɵ˵ӡʱͻȻһֿ͸һеĴ

ͻȻ֮ȻһҪ쳤Хĳ嶯͵ͷȻĿЦ
һľٶΧ˶ָָ㣬׷˵ǹħ
ҪվٴصʱͻȻоΧһжֹһ˵ļͳͳˣЩ˵оȻ˼ȵĿ־塣
ָоǰһţͻȻ֮伸ǿߴӺ洳˽һ·֮еȫ⼸ǿ߽ʳࡣ
ǰǸϺɫ۵ÿγָޱȵ׺ݹϡ
ո߽幬ͱĸסϺֻ΢΢ǰһһ㽫һߵͷ­
Ϻ쳤һתһߵͷ­ٴα顣
ƺֻһɨߵͷ­ֵһɨ
ֻͷ­е۹ʵ΢˿ΪܾȻ
Ϻ쳤ߺĸһĻߵ徹Ȼ׷ױըѪûˡ
ڻ幬֮һƬҵʱһֱڱ֮ϵۻʾȻҲŻΪѾϳϺɫӵˡ
Ϻ쳤Ϻ裬ĸף
ôˣһϺ쳤ԭҪִֵĵۻʾȻһƨԼı֮ϾҲһˡ
Ҫ֪Ĵɱ񣬺ɿݹǣϺԴɱ֮ףɱʥ߿ʮ㣬ɱĻ߸ʤ˵Ǵ޼ңۻʲ˱ϺɱҲ顣
ֻұϾɵĶǼ˵Ĺ֪ĴɱҲֻһЩĸ߲㣬Щ͸©˶Ѿĸɸɾˡ
ֻ֮ۻ֪Ϻ֮ȻǳԸˣƴȥһз㡣ϺƺҲַܹ㣬ûаΧĻߵһ¶Ǿֱߵĸǰ͵һƴϡ
˻ΪΪ˽ѵԼĶģǵ˵ʱЩ˵ĳ˰ء
һ񾳵ķﶼɱϽȻȥ˫˫ţһӶؽΣϺ˵Ŀûа㿪Ц˼һݽ棬Ŀſ˼¡
ƺϡƽ顣
ǵģף沿ĴӦš


ڶپʮһ һص
鷢ڱϣЩ˵Ȩһ⸸ӡǵͷǰǻҾʼյĹʱ˶ûаѵµһЦѾΪһӰ
ˣ˵ΪҪˡ
Ϻ軰ʱѾ˺ۡӵ֮վߵصĸǰ
һ̴زŸо̬أû뵽ҸӾȻǿڻ幬ɱˣڴ޼˵ĸӵĵڵĳͺһ׸ԼĶɳһΪؼĲ֡
Ѿӱǿ׺ǣ۾Ѫ｣Լʱ򣬴ôһǺˡǾʱѾǰ
г־ĴأǾȻһŵĻȡ
͵һδؿڵذףѪ˲Ӵصؿ˳
˳͵һһޱĻߵУصͷ­ֱ˺롣ǰͷ­ҲǱһץС
վڲԶϺôɱ֮İͷ­߻صԼĸǰϺӹݸİͷ­
Ϻ迴˿ͷ­пıԭı΢һ£ĵ˵ͷ˵߷֣߷ֱֵôҵĳ񣬴ӽ쿪ʼӵһʽļ̳ˣ
һ˵Ĵ̫񾭣йʹģйӾȵȣȻܵش֮³ȥķֱ´ʮ֮ߵʹࡣ֪û͸ȴʧȥʶǾ޴ʹĥȴʹࡣ
ذͷ­֮˵Χ۵УڵϷڵһʱȥܵʹ࣬ڵϷĻһʱġܹݳġ
˵ص̾˿̲ס˵Դ֮ĸ׾͸ٻң޼ҵ˸ǽΪħⲢµģµǴ޼Ǽ仰Ҹ׵̳˸ˣҵǰ̧ͷ
Ǽ֮󣬼ҵĵϵӾһ޼ֱӽ޼ţ´޼ҵ״֪֮ĸ󺬺Ծ
Ϊ۹ʼûץӰֻܹ֮ο޼ұҲһֲ߻ģΪ޼ҳͷˣҶҲ֮֮СлΪЦ̸ΪֻȴҸоĳ裡
ҵ߻һŲҰҵԼһս˭˭Եıˣ⼸ŻƴбҪȫһս˵Ҳ̾˿ͻȻԼ˵ЩܺЦ
Ҷͯļأ˵ԼµʱҲǽĿ⿴Ҷ̲סʵ
ҵļˡôһʣҶҲһʹ൱СҶ׵ı飬æס˼ֻʲôһֿʹĥ
ˣȥĵĻͲҪȥˣѾӤཻһǳεĸ߼ʦȥһʱΪ˸лΰôæ⼸Ҿʹȥȥߣʲôİɣ룬һ
ҾʲôӵģĻҶ׵ٴ˲˯ʱ⡣
ѵҪ͸ԼĴ񣬿ȷʵܹ͸ҵĵϸҲǶһЩա
ڲҲǴìܣȻܹһ򾡣ΪʲôܹҵìһֻңͬʱԼʵһأ
ͻȻ֮Ҷױ뵽˺ֵļƻֻ黹ǺƣҪٴϵõһЩõϢܹжϡ
ʱҶͻȻ뵽ԼӦò鿴һ´뵽ѵ֮õľˡ
ɱ¼ʾﵽСɵʱǶʮһЩ顣ɱɣҲɵõһһЩľ飬ټɱõǧľ飬ɱһľ飬һЩ鵤ֺͱǿߡЩһѾжʮˡ
뵽ܻɵʱڵõľҲ࣬һ𲻵ǧ飬֮ǰҲнʮǧˡ
ȻûΪ۾飬֮ǰɱ˵ʱһҲȥ˵Ӥ̡
Թһ£ǻʾСɵʵɱԽɱУȻĲ࣬Եõʵľ顣Ҷ˳ɱ¼ȥȻɱ˵ľ飬顣
Ҷ̲סһڿˮڲ֪õջʲôˡǾɱ˵顣ڵľʮǧ
˵΢ɱһЩǿߵĻʵͻʮ򣬴ﵽ۷ĳ̶ȡһҪԼͬһٶȸˡ
һƽҶﻹһЩźˡܹһ㷢鵱еܣҶҲᱻҾô׸ˡһ뵽ĸϺôǿƴʹļߣҶ׶ǿߵҲ͸ǿˡ
ڽ֮ϣҶ׻ЩԥԽ񾳴ɣȴûôһΪڵ֧Ԧ񾳴ɵ塣
һҲΪͻȻȻʵǿÿɱһͬǿߣľҲǼˮˡҶ׾򲻵ѣǲ׽ġ
ͨЩ֮Ҷױıȵ˯һϡڶ𴲾ŵһŨŨ¥ͿѾ׼ء
ҶͯԹͣǾ뿪֮ͻῴҵһܻأϣʱ㲻ҪǱҵǿŵģ뷨Աߣһ߳Էһµ˵
ȻһֱҶ׵Ը˵Щ˵ʵҶЩɻ󲻽⡣϶ʳġ
ƺ뵽Ҷ׻ɻ󣬼ȻѾ̯ƣȻЩСҶ׹ŪЦЦ˵ҲҸղ˵Ļú֣ʵҾԼҲǾúܷ˼ʵΪҸڶ̳֮һҵķ̫ˣܹ뵽ڼ嵱еĵλ˰ɣ
ôһ壬Ѿǧ꣬õʱ䣬ҵĴڶڼѾ޹ˣԼ˵ҲûôҪˣȽ϶ԼһҶѣ˵Щ̲ס̾˿û˵ʲô
ȻҶҪ˵ʲôοջû˵仰


ڶپʮ Ϻ̳
˵һҵ˵һǿɱ֯ɱ֯ڰǿ󵽿ö֮Ĵߵˡ
˵ǧǰһû㹻ǿʱ۹Ļ۹֮ڵǿһΧңʮ֮ڽЩȫЩ弸еĲƸ֮ǿ𣬳Ϊ½ΪǿƵļɱ塣
ֻѾûйȥôǿƣ·Ҳʼ͵ѩ۹ķҲһЩһֱѪȺͱϵŷɥû
ͬ⼸Ҳҳһ̣ѾʼҪͨԼʵƼ۹ΧԼˣҶ׽뵽ҲΪѦ׶õϢһš
ļ򵥽УҶ׻˽⵽һΪ岿֡ǿǳϻᣬϻ֮¾ĸ׺ʥߡֻҵǺУҵ˵˽ҲǺ
ҪҶȥĵط׼Ǽ̳ڵܻء˽طֱ۹۹糾۹ӯ۹ң۹
۹Ȼأ̡ͨɱֹᡢĽ裬һЩ벽ǻʾߵζȫƿءֻһЩϵʱϺŻԼĸһ£鶼
۹֮⣬۹Ǭģ糾۹𣬷ӯ۹
⼸пֱӲ뵽ҶŲҰУСϽ۹ʵҲҪܶࡣôƽʱϺ趼ǰһ벽ʥΪڣӶȫλǵİȫ
ЩԼиӵİ֣ϺͲȥˣǼһҪϽϺ֮⣬ǿȫ֧ġԼ˵۹һǧö񣬶𳬹ڡ
־ҶѾһ׼ָ˸֪ԭЩ۹۹Ȼǿ󣬵ˮ۹˵Ҫܶࡣˣǿ⼸۹̳˵УһĶҪǿһصǬ̳˵ڵĵġ
Ǭ֮Իҵ޼ңһΪ˵Ǽ仰оĳ֮⡣ͬʱҲΪѹǿ
Ȼ޼֮ĸ׺ԾҲǽ뵽һʱ״̬һʱ֮û̫ĽΪҲʵǬݺݵĴѹһ֪ȻܷŹǬԼµһ֮ս
˵˵ȥ޼ҺҶұʱ̫ԶҶϴγܵʹʵ޼ģһĥ֮Ҷ׺ҵĹϵȻȶΪεĺϵ
û뵽ҵ黹ôི֮ǰҵ˽⻹̫ˡĻҶʮεĵ˵ͷ̲ס̾
ʵ㲻Ҫȥ۹תˣֻҪȥ۹ˡԥһ֮Ҷ̲ס˵
ΪʲôֻҪȥ۹ѵ㲻ȥ۹˵ļǱ糾۹أҶ׵Ļ̲סʵ
Ҷܹ˼ҵ̫سɷ֡һͨС屻ǣ浽Ժǿġܹ˽⵽ϢȻǶм洦ġ
Ҷ׻ҡҡͷ˵ҪڵǳΣȻҪȰȹǰΣȵǬ֮ĶԹ̸ұ𣬵ʱԵҪ΢һЩ
Ҷһ˵ޱȵ棬ҪʲôҲûݵġοѾ෽֤ʵҶܾͯܿһСĵҶףҲػҶԼ̳ɹҪɱԼˡֻҪжϳҶǲľˡʵ֤ҶұûаϸһҲ̤ʵˡ
ôһ룬Ҷ׼пΪԼ룬ȻͶһЩмı飬ãҶͯͽҺˣʲôҰҲܺ˵ܹȻƴǵģ
ûбǽͳȥ۹ɣԼһŬûа׷ѡ
ȻҶʱʵǿƾİһ֮ڰԼһɼǿûж⡣һǬĻԽԽˡĿǰ˵Ҫһ֮ڶӲã뾡ǬԼᡣ
Ȼһʱ֮ǬڰҲйν֡ǰǶǴƽ֣ĸԾϳֲٲ΢ο
ãҾȫİţǵʱҶҲ˴㡣ȻҪֳһЩ̬ȣҳҶ׵ʱҲһЩ
ǾԼĳһ컹ǻշġֻǵǸʱַƺѾûʲôϵˡ
ţ߰ɣѾ˰źɶŵĿܶ£һֻһʱ֮ǰȥһƬյ֮ϡͬʱһֻޱǿҲվڿյ֮ϵȴǵĵ
һֻ޿֮ʮ˳ķӣſ˵֮ϡޣֻ޵ҲǻĴӵ֮վ
һж׼֮һ£ֻͻȻһԾֱ˰֮Уһ˫ǿչٶҲǲϵıһּµĳ̶ȡʱҶױоһ翪ʼĴΧķ棬֮ǰڵĵλҲǵķѾСһƴˡ
Ϊڸ߿֮УҺҶָ±û˵ʲô
һ֮ǵߵпʼһƬ¥󣬸ߵͲȵķݣƺѾһ޴ǳصϿˡ
ˣǾ⸽ˣȻڸ߿֮Ҷ׿ǳغǰŷ޵ķи߶Ľ֮ҶײŷǾһǳٻٹľ롣
ŷޱͣһһɽ֮ϡ
䡱һ޵Ľ䵽һɽĿյ֮ϡڷ֮ԸϽ߹ǻʾ߽޸סҶױһߵİ˷ޡ
Ҷû뵽Ȼߵʲôطǻʾ߸Ĵһ۹ĻӶδܹܵɡ
ôҵӻ㲻ɣҶе뷨̲סʵ


ڶپʮ 
ԽҶȻЩȣϾǶԷȻ˵ʲô˵ˣҶͯҪҶұĻҪڵǿ󼸱п⻹ģĻ͵ͬһķ׷ɱɡ
Ҿڵʵһ챳Ҷܿܶһҹ֮䱻ֱγڻǧ֮жôҶ߽һȽصĵص֮Ҳ̲ס̾˿˵
ȷʵڵǰֻӬ㣬͸˵Ҫ½ĵλˣɼ֮ǰ뷨ȷʵЩɣȻҾӦݷѰҸõĻᣡҶȻҲԶ｣ȥѰԼĳˣһ｣֮Ĺϵ͸Ӿ塣
οϾϳԽԼһʧȥˣô³Ϳ֪ˡɲΪԼʧȥüֵܹ֮õ｣Ŀ
｣ΪҶ׻ִңڿҶױԼĻҪܹ͸ܶණҲ｣Ҷ׵ڴҲǸһЩ
ţ˵ĺܶԣ˵㣬̳ǰҲһһѣ֪һԽ콫۵³Ҷ׵Ļ｣ڸп˵
ڲ۹ҵ۹۹ҲԼֵļ壬۹ۻµգǲȥתתҲһ£ʶһ´档｣Ҷ߽һ֮󣬺ܿŮ׼ΪݻķװݸҶ׺｣
｣һԼȽϲˣһ׵ݸҶף˿Ҷ΢εıЩ٩˵ҶͯЩ·˸ŵģŮָƳģǳʺ㣬ͻϰɣ
｣һ˵һߵҶ׵潫Լ·ȥ｣һ·֮ԭĲ־͸Ե޹ȣһޱаĸоһ˵˶Ƿǳ׺ݵĽɫͨҲǾ֡
Ҷ׵·ԵЩ崿һȥһŮ㵥ɰӣޱȳȵı飬ԵôͿɰˡɲҶϲķ񡣲｣һٽ飬ֻܹΪѽһˡ
ʱѾ׼õҶ׺｣ϳ̡֮
Ҷ֪ͯûҲｨһԼǿأϣ｣µĿŴ⣬ȴǲ̽ҶסҶԭǸ뷨ҲʼԾԾ
̾˿˵ȷʵϧǡ
;زˣ𣿡ûҶװɻ˵꣬｣ںˡ
Ǻǣ˵Ĳ٣ҵ뷨ȷʵزˣһز˫СҶͻȻ֮｣˼ԼʵҲѾָˡȻԷƣԼԾͽ˰ɡ
ǺǣصȷʵǳʲôʱҶҶͯģûбҪ⣬˫ǱҲѾˣ˫֧ǬȷʵЩ֮ĲǺУҾͲǺˣ
｣Ҷ׻ֻ΢һ£㽫һɶƺͺԼҲ֪һһһ㵹Ҷ׼Ϊ
㻹лʥԺĴ𣿡е˵֮｣ٴɻʵ
Ҷ״һ£֪｣ҪԼһҪʱǿ֧Ԯ˵ͷȴû̱̬ʥԺһҪȥģǶʱ֮ڿѾûˣҪȥ۹ıչ
Ŷȥ۹ľô۹ܹҶ׵Ļ｣ЩϲҲһЩȡ
Ҫ֪۹ĹԶԶҪ۹֮һǸƣ۹ҲҪһЩ｣ܹҶװȥĻԺǬаģֻҶ׵ΣվһЩ̫ˡ｣ǵҶ޷еѹ
ҶȻ֪｣⻰ĺ壬΢ЦЦ˵ȻѾ֪ҵݣҵʵҲӦ֪һЩ˰ɣѾ񾳳ڣѾǱСɵʵˣ
｣ɻʱҶ΢ԼͷһЩʱ｣ϲ⡣ʵȻ۹УվסӦûġ
뵽｣Ҳ˺̲סҶ˵СܹͯҰ鴦ãԺҵֵܣʲôҶᾡȫģ뵽۹Ҷṩ㣬ֻҪʲôҪҲȸ㰲ŵģ
｣Ȼǲƴ֣Ǻܹܶˮ©Ҳ｣Ҷ׵һŵ
ã仰ҾˣҶ׵˵ͷȻϲ˵ѾһЩԼԺοչж뷨ˡһЩϸڻҪ۹ܹ֮Ļֻ̫ͽ޹ѡ
ȻҶû˵ʲô｣Ҷ¶һɼᶨҲ̤ʵ˲١һͿȥ飬ٷһǿԼˡ
ˣǵˣһ·֮£ܿǵı۹Ĺ֮⡣ǲֵ۹Ĵ֮һҲǻԱΪ۹̻嵱ȻҪ｣μӻʼҵʢˡ
｣ĸ߲㶼һЩϵֻǺܹ｣ˣǺ｣ļĸڹͨһ｣ŵȻǻ̻Żһ·˳뵽˻ʹС
Ĺϵ｣ҶֻᱻΪ۹ĳĵϵӡ
һ뵽оͿ浽ŮСЩһΧʳԲԱ߲ͣʲôƺЩԵĵǺܸȤ˴֮һȺһĵȻ졣
ͷȽֱĿ˾͸ԵŰ衣
｣Ȼִ۹Ĵ֣ǶЩķȴûʲô˽⡣һ۾Ϳ｣Ҷףո߽ʱ̾Χ
ôôǲǻʳ֮ĸĵӰһӽҶ׸ǸԸߵЦһʮֲмʵ
һǸ͵Цǰʳ֮ЩƨʵۺҲѣһȺУСУѵʶʶʲôʼҴ𣿡
Ǻǡ｣Լǰ｣Сɫûʲôо֮ЩСɫ͸ûȤġӵܲѡɲ䵱װͰ
｣ֻЦһµĴҶת뿪ˡ


ڶپʮ ǻ
Ϊǵû뵽ԼôԷˣһʱԭޱŵıһӱ
һ˶Ǹߵ˵ϴ㲻˵ǻĻӾͿΪΪĵӶһЩӣôһӾͰˣ㻹ţ
΢һЩֵһ̾ӣװʮε˵һƽʱŹ֣ûа˷䲻һӣﶼǼΪơ
һüͷŴһǶżҲһЩһҪֺһᣬøǣǿԸһ˫𣿡
ʴͻȻ۾һתȵһ⡣Ҫ֪ǻ嵱ܵۻϲһӣڵ۹ҲһЩȻܹ˵۹Ҫ÷磬Ҫ꣬һЩطǵȴ˵һô۲ǰȻҪСһɫˡ
ǰŴȥ֮ʶġҲ߶ԷԼʵݣҪһӡû뵽ȻԼʵٵˣ¶ԼݣʱöŴһһ
ʴ뷨ȻöŴһ۾һһ˵˷ܡ
Ҫ֪ڶżҲôܴһϲ²µҶһڡһЩżҵŵƽʱʱʱڿһ£ԭľͼǿĶŴһʮֵջһЩȺֻܹʶʴӣǱΪ˲ٻ¡
ۻʵٵҲֻҪո֣û뵽ʴӣ֪ԼԭǱˡһʶԼüʱˡڵõʴӵ֮£СֶձŲֵ̫С˶żһߡ
磬磬м磬Լλ̨û뵽ǾȻˣС˰һŴһĳ˲ٺû⼸Ҳ΢΢һ㶲֪ʲô飬฾һСӱô˵ˡ
Ƕż㷴ӦıȽϿһЩƺʲô˼Ц˵һǲʲôҪǰеĻͿ˵ûо͸Ͻɣɨǵˣ
żЩ˵Ȼʵǿ˵зһȻ˵ˣҲû˵ʲôǵȴŶŴһĻشʱŴһ뵽ʲôϽ˵Ǻǣ磬ˣҸղŰ⹬ߣǲ˭ˣ
ŴһҪգ˭֪ͣôһ£˲Ҫ۾ɱˡŴһһϽ˿ĭ̲ס˵Ǻǣ˵ۻ谮Ļʴӵ£
տʼ˵ĻûзӦһᵽʴЩ˾ͲܹʾˡҪ֪ʴĸ׿ǵ۹һսʵãûǵۻ谮ʱҲܵۻʳ谮ܹùϵǽӽĴûᡣ
Ŵһ˿⼸żҵϵı鶼仯֪˵ؼˣ֮û뵽һʣ˵ǶżҵӣǶǶżҵҲǺʶһ£ⲻмλ
˵żҵ⼸Ӷʱ˶Ŵһ뷨ҪʴӵݸԼӵġ˵ҲδⲻһκʴӽӴĻᡣ
뵽żϽ˵͵ܣô˵Ͻһ°
˵ŶżϽŶżҵЩӳʴڵλÿ˹ȥʴû뵽Щƨô͹ˣҲװһ˵˵ǾǶżҵŰɣղѾһˣû뵽쾹Ȼܹһᰡ
ЩżҵĵӶǼʴӵģȻʱĺԶǶʺܶ鶼˽һЩû뵽쾹Ȼôļˣ⼸żҵЩܳ
Щżҵһֵĺ˷ܵӣһĨݶĿʴһֱֳ˵ʵҪǡ
ʱ｣ҶѾʹΪֵĵطһЩȶˣɵŮڱһЩĽĿһЩ߹ȨԱҵţƺĿһǾͿԳȥѡˡ｣ҶֻǶЩŮ赸ȽϸȤǵĳûô⡣
ʱһݻǿʵ˴Ա˹˿λŸݵ｣ҶͻȻ⡣
ڸ΢ͣٵʱ򣬶ŴԱ˹ȥ｣Ҷ׵ǰʮֿ˵λӣСܺʲôطλСλȱưɡ
Ŷ߹ģˣ｣΢㶡
Ҫֳ֪ԷȾƾ;Բ֮ϺȵЩͨɫͨЩӵ˽ƷһľˮǼΪϵεļ
｣˿ߵҶףƺͦȤ˵ͷ˵ŶȻǾ͹ˣ
｣һվҶҲǸ｣ŶŴʹһ߶Ľ䵱СһԲԲ֮ϰһΪľƺӾƺƮɢĴ㣬｣Ѿ֪־ƵļǮͲˡ
λǴĵӣһǲͬ찡Ҷ׺｣ߵʱ򣬶żͶżҲǴԱ˹ʴӺͶŴһǺͼżҵĵԲһߺžƺʲô
｣˿ʴӺͶŴһоʲôҲûֱ˵ЦЦ˵λôӣͲˣһɣ
｣ôܰЩСϷ۹ĵۻˣҲںġ
ô֪｣뷨ǿ｣ϵıʱŴʹ˸ɫԷʱʲôϽ˵úãǼܹҲԵ֣ȥʶʶһЩѣ
ŴϺܿʵѾʼ͵Цˡ
ܿŴ｣Ҷ״ʴӵǰЦŽܵλǵ۹Ļӵ£ЩǶżҵĵӡ
Ŵһ֮㽫Ŀ⿴｣ҶףͿô˵ˡ
｣˿ʴû뵽СӾȻ۹Ǹ˵еӣֻ΢΢һ±˵ҵ
˵｣ҶŴҲû뵽｣Ҷ׾ȻӵӶҲ֪Դǲװġ
˿ʴЩı飬ϽЩõ˵λӣ۹Ļӣûбʾڻ֮ǰƺǲ̫ɣ
ܲһ£ǾĸĵӣһһǼĳʺõġ


ڶپʮ Ӳ
ʣֱǳв
û뵽һﾹȻ˵ĻʱЦһҼ峤ʺãЦҼҵĳ춼ûʲôֻܺ˵ˣ˷ǵʱ䣡
вȻʮֵĲģȴһ˵⡣ӿ϶ǲԼӣһЩҪһصӸԼһЩѵ뵽Щ;ÿЦҲνóῴǵҪʲôܹоҶƺѾϵЩˡ
ʱ۹֪˭ˣ뵽Ѿһġ
ʱһֱŭʴѾЩסˣСӣҪҪڱǰҰѵ𣿡
ҲԴ룬һжǻʼҵģ˵㣬ʮ˴ǻʼҵˣᣬʴӿҶʼձֵĴݵϵıʱޱȵ
ʱһֱԱߵŶŴڵõһȻԱ߳ĸ۷ǿߣЩʴӵıڣʴʱȨĸǿߣҪʱƷҶףӶʵӵϡ
ȻһõʴӵʾŴ̶ҶЦλӣǿɱҲղǿͿģǲӿԣǲӿ¾ˣλְɣ
ŶŴĻ˵꣬⼸񾳵ǿ߶׷ΧҶסĸ۷ǿ߳̾͸˲ٵѹ
ĸǿȻǸ𱣻ӵģΪ괦ޱȰݵ״̬дѵĵҩʵս鼸ٵĿĸһҶ׵ʱ¶˼
ߣƾǼҪԸһأҶһǴɱ֮һδĥΧʱʱԼͷų
񾳴ɣȻе˼˵ǰǲռ˵ģΪҶ׺鵤Сӣһǻǵ͹ʵ
һ۷ǿһԸһ񾳴ɵСӣٶԸ¾Щ˵ȥ
ʱһֱϹ۵ʴҲԼʵʱһ㶡ҶҲǽԼıСɵʵҲһǰͶ񾳵ľšԭֵҲǱѹǻʴͻȻЩʧˡ
һ룬ڻʹʧܹʧصʲô̶ȡֱʹĻ߽Сֱˣûʲô鷳ˡȻʴӴ˿ѾһЩƣûбֳǾ䡣ЩȷʵȶżЩĸҪǿ˲١
Ϸһǿ֪ǶŭˣһʹԼľɱϣܹһ֮ڽƷ
һʱ徹Ȼһ㵭ɫĹâͬʱѾԾ˫ȸڰ֮в̤ٶȱ貨΢
һ˫ֱۣһֻצһֻƷצһһ˫֮صķתĪ⡣
ǰʱƺ˫֮Լһ۷ǿҲ˫ҪˣԼͬ齫Ʒ
Ȼڵһǿʹɱʱһǿ߾ȻֻԱ߹׼ʱá
ȴΪ̫߹ԼӶ͹ʵֱӱɱ
۷ǿֱ۷׷׻һһӰʱֱҲͬ۷ǿߵӷ·ʽԵĶˡ
ǺǱ۷ǿһҲҪһɱ͵֣ԭޱȷһֻƾȻɹצֵʱһֻצ֮ϾȻһ޵ı
ͬʱһֻƾȻצצγɵʱ˷·һǺΧڱ۷ǿʱצգ֮Ĺצײһ
˷·Ϳһɫһ˵͹ϡһȥʮ㣬֮ĵԽԽȻһֻ͹ֱ˺塣һҽУǿߵֱ۶ֱӸ۶ϡ
ͬʱһߵսҲѾ˽һֱ˵˷˵ϡܷ˻ҪǶǵٶȸ죬ƸͣһӾͽ˸סֱӽ˵ͷ­ҧϡһҽУ۷ǿߵһֱֻӱŤϳѪ졣
û뵽ǻıǿ߾Ȼôʧһֱ߳ӽֱȫϵıǰǿ߸˳ȥ
һҲޱȺݶֱӽԷǰص߹߶ϣһ룬ûнѾǲ֮еˡ
˵һ֮䣬ʴ߾ʧһԱ󽫣ʵʴһջҪһ۷ǿϡʱ۷ǿ΢΢һ㶣ѾѸײڶ֮塣
۷ǿߴ󾪣ηԼµһ۷ǿ߶ΪԼΪȶԷǿǶԷټ϶ԷǴĵӡƾȵĽԷƷ
ǵǲ׶ԷԼôпɱ֮ĥɱ֡ڻ֮еıԷƴɵʵûзӳͱԷɵһڿԼͬ鱻һɱĶʱҲᵽɤˡ
ҲɵӣһζƴԼǰСΨһҲһνˡԾʱҲǽԼɱʩչ
βʱռʲôƣһǷΪʤѾʱ۷ǿ͵һתתͬʱһҲǴżǿͬһݺݷβһɨĺ󱳡
ڶԷͽ֮٣Ҳֱӽһ˳
һ۷ǿߵһֱɨǷ֮ϣû˵һͷ㽫ǿߵȸ۶ϡ
ûеȵ۷ǿ߲ҽгѾһǰ͵ĳһƣ۷ǿߵǰص߹ǶϣͬʱҲǱˣͬߵķһɳȥ
˵֮ͽԸ۷߸ɲзϡ


ڶپʮ 
۷ǿһʱ۷ǿҲǳҶɱ˹
Сӣû뵽ôС˱񾳣ϧӣſҲҪزˣһ۷ǿ˵Ҷ׵ĸǰҶײǱСǿߵʱȻҲһЩȣﻹʮܹҶ׵ġ
ͬʱһ۷ǿҲ̾˵ǰСӣҲǾģ츳ȫиķչӿͷϴлĻᣡ
۷ǿô˵ģ¸û˼ǿֱҶΧڵСΧ뷨һһ۷ǿһ۷ǿں֧Ԯ
û뵽ǰСɵ˿һ˲Ҫ΢ݶôһЩ
Сӣˣ±Ͷ̥һҪٶ˵ţһ۷ǿ͵ĳСٶȼ죬ǻһӰҶ׵ǰءôҪһƽҶΣ֮һ۷ǿߴӺӦͿֱӽϵǺͺðˡ
û뵽һҶ׵ʱԷûӭȥ۷ǿ߸оЩ˼ˡǺԥһȥ
ֻһҶ׵϶ʱ;ЩˡΪûаȫʱҶ׵澹ȻǿԷߣҲûѱˡҲҶ׵峹κճϡ
ʱ۷ǿ͵һԺڸղ̫Ϊʲôֵʱ̫أԷ׼Լ뷨һĻԼȫ֣Է˵ֱӽСпܡʱôڶûˡ
ԼƱҶεʱ۷ǿѾһЩ׼ˡ
ȻоֱһʹһֱֱӱҶ۶ϡҶ׵һֻҲǺݺݵĵǰءֻһƾͽǰص߹ȫϣҲǱһ롣
۷ǿκʱͻȻоԼ屻Ҷ͵һץһ۷ǿߵǰ
ڶ۷ǿ߱ҪԷ֧Ԯģû뵽һ֣ԼĴͱҶ۶ֱֱۣƷͬʱһҲǴһҽУ֪Լ׶༪ˡ׼һȥʱ򣬾͸оǰһû뵽Լ屻Ҷ˹
۷ǿ߸Ҫ㿪͸оԼһ硣ʱоԼĺ͵һʹһͬһӰѾݺݵ˦ϡ
۷ǿ߶ʱоһ飬󱳵׵Ҷ׸߶ˡɤһһѪѾĿ˳ȥһ۷ǿߵֱˤ˵֮ϡ
Ŷû뵽㾹ȻֻǱһѣֶȷʵҸ˲١ȻûкҶ׽֣ôһȽҶȷʵʤһûбֳȷʵҲЩˬ
ʱΪȵĲǶվŵһ˵ȡû뵽Ҷ׻ǿߣû뵽һֱӵĴ־Ȼô׵ľͱҶװƽˣһӶʱʴЩѿˡ
Ҷ׶ǴЦ˹ʴӵ˫Ҳ̲סʼҪǻʹǻӣ֣ͣһԲ׷㣬ô뿪ʹ
ʴӻоԼ˵ûеƶżҵҪԼȡʱ䣬һӿöżҵ⼸үЩѿˡ
Ҫ֪һȻҲǼţǿʵǿĲ鵤۷塣ѾΪ޵Уǽ쿴˾Ȼʰĸ۷ǿߣһʰıңǱ˵ȥ˼Ӳƴھ˵ӲĻ¶ҪһЩʱ
ηȨƣһЩĶŴڹһЩҶ˵㣬ǲҪţһĻˣǶҪ
֣Ŵþ˳̵˵ġ
ȻʱһĳаּҵѾż벽˹ּҵ˶ŴȻ֮Ĳ͸ϽȵּҹӣҪԻӲǸϽȻиּҿǵεģ
ԪŴĻﰵЦһһĸ۷ǿڵϣҲòʸ
һԪʲôطһʱҲ벻һʴɫ԰׺ܵʲôţϽʵӣﵽ׷ʲôˣ
ԪʵʴӸðҪʴӵ˼ȻԪĻ֮ںץݵʴ̺蹷һ뾹ȻȻҵĸڣҪԱӲǸϽ£ͣ
һʴӿǺˣҶǰ߼Ӷʪ
ŶԪʴӵĻʱ䣬תͷ΢˵ͷ˵ӣǻʹҪȲ鿴һ֤㲻Ǵ̿ͣͬʱҪһȥԩκκ˵ģ
ԪôʴӿġϾֵ֧ĿһӣûбҪʴӡ
ԪĻʴӲ㱻ˡ龿ô鴦Ĳ⣬϶ּҷѵġ
ȻôҲһЩԭġȻ岻Ǻȴּ֪ܹ֮аεۻٵһΪּĴ֮ס⻹һԭּҵıһҲҪɻֵһǿ̻֧֡
Ϊµ̻ȻǸ۹嶼ŷɥ˵ﲻ𣬾ף۹ĵۻʶҵΪ˸ּһЩ
ԪĻ̬ȻǱȽġ΢ԼԪɨһۡٶȼ죬ԪֻǿһţǿдѪ̻ᡣ
Ѫ̻᣿֣Ԫؿ͵һϢѪ̻᲻ּ֧ҵǸǿ̻𣬶ҽҲк̻ܶĸ߲λᡣô˾˭
֪ǰ˵ݵģǴӶԷǿΪУܹо̻еĵλһ㣬п᳤̻Ҫˡһ뵽Ԫϵرʱչ˺ܶࡣ
λôƺʴû뵽ǣԪӶҶ׵̬ȱȶҪ


ڶپʮ 벽ʥ
΢˿˵
֣Ԫоһ䣬оЩѰˡ
ͻȻԪ뵽һһʯİ취˿˵ͷ˵ԭҹӣǵˣܲ˵һȥأ
ԪĻҶվ˳˵һҶ׵Ԫȥһ˵ͺðˡ
Ǻǣӵ£ʵȷʵдȣλǳڶŽ˴ˣ̻ˣҾò⳥һЩҩһЩΪɣ˵дʣһԵʮֹԪѾʴӴͷβ˸顣
ʴȻҲһӣʲôûмûʲô£ôܲõۻʵĳ谮ֻûɱ֪ΪΪ£ںܶ鴦϶ǳǷ˼ǰһͷԵ֮󼸺û˷֮ա
ЦʴڻûƣΪԪʯİ¸ѿôʯǸóѡ
ôһ룬ʴԭʱ΢΢ָԪЦ˵ԪȻѹңӽҲǻ浱ǲèˣ
ãھҵʹĻĥͬʱʬ³Ҳùģ
˵ʴӴӿڴȡһƣҪݺݵˤڵϡԪϲųһЩŵɫ˲֪ʲôǷǳġ
ǿǵۻʹ͸ԼȽŻӵġһڸĻֻҪӵٻͱ̸ϵƳͬۻ׻
ǾʴӸոͳƵʱѾһʴӵĸǰһѽʴӵֱ۸ץסˡ
žžһһĶʴӵգ֮ʴһߵ׵ĺͷһ
ǡžһһĶʴһߵһƴʴӵԴһӴӢСͱͷ
һҲ˹ȥһӿʴֺգʱڵϴǳ̫ѹı֡
ǿޣʴҲûзŹԼΨһȵĻᡣ
˲䣬ʹʹ֮ڶ˱飬ܿ˵Ŀ⡣
һϹּҸۻٵĴϡһʱҲסˡ
ʴӵĸ۷屣һĸһ˵ӱҲڵϿ޵ĸҷƵġּҴһü
ϽԪйȥʻһʲ֪Աߵ˾ȻѪ̻ˡּҴҲǾЩѰˡ
ʱʴӵľ˾۹һսԼĿڶ˹û뵽ȻڻʹԼĸͷһ񼫡
һĻڿ޸ͣʴӣԴοʵ˾κ꺣˵˭ӵģ˾һҪã
κ꺣һ˵һ߰Ŀ⳯ɨȥһ۾ͿҶ׺үһվĶ棬ʴӵĸڶѾڵϣ쳣Ĳҡ
ʮŰ˾ǰйء
û˵һǰҪʣͱּҴϸסˡ
ּҴҲǻʾߣֻǻʾڣκ꺣ǻʾɡ
κ꺣һּҴϾȻԼϵһʱľ͸ˣ϶ʲôɫҳңѵ㲻֪ôд𣿡
κ꺣ôһ˵ּҳҲǾκ꺣ȥ㻹֪ѵ´ˣ´㲻ô𣿡
ʲ
κ꺣Ϊ۹Ȩļ嶼Ρͨͨʲô͡͵һּҴϾͲĶּ֣ҴȻ˳ȥ
ּҴôܻá
ˮ𣡡κ꺣һ˳ȥּҴϲ˷̻һХҴϵ徹ȻӰ֮зֱκ꺣ȥ
һ屻һ֮ǿˮγɵһˮּҳ͵ĺһȭͷƴһֻצһȻŷˮֱκ꺣
ּҳȫһκ꺣ûа⣬¶һЦݡּҴѾĻԹޣֻϧûл֡û뵽̤Ьٴȫѹ򰡣
һ뵽ƽʱּ棬κ꺣㽫ԼǿһҲʹó

ּҴϵĳ֣κ꺣ʱҲǻƬƬӰЩӰصȻ㺣ˣӰһ˵ʵ̬
һӣԽԽĻۣκ꺣ϵһ㣬һƬӰѹһȻͬһֻһץһˮκ꺣һֻƵġ
顱һһֻӭֱӽˮεץСһֻƲͣ˦ּҴϵҲǱκ꺣ץڰ֮ƴҡΡֻʱּҴƺһ֮κ꺣ǲô׷Źġ
ּҴѾƣʱκ꺣͵һ˦ּҴϵʱ˦ɳȥһײʮԲּ֮ҴϵŻͣҪȥֹκ꺣ѾЩˡ
ʱκ꺣ͻȻоһ䡣û뵽ʱһֻĴֽץܹоߵʵּҴټһҪǿпһǻʾ۷Ļߣпǰ벽ʥߡ
Ҫ֪۹ֻһ۹һ˵ǻʾɵĻ߶ѾǵһսˣôȰ벽ʥߵ˾Ǵأ
ѵСӻּұǸʲôϵɣ
ѾһЩ˼·ǵʱ֪ʲôȴѾˡ
žһһֻƺĲӬһκ꺣Ӱͬһڵ治ܹ֡һ۹һսʵǶˡǿ裬̲סһѪ
ʱѪ̻ļ߲Ҳ۹µĴ⼸Ѫ߲û뵽̻İ벽ʥ߾Ȼ⼸˸Ͻǰ޿ʥߴˣѪ̻ļ߲㣬밲ˡ
Ѫ̻˸벽ʥ밲ʱ򣬲㱻ɵʴҲԼĸ¡Ͻ˹һӹǰָҶ׿˵ʣҪӣ˵С֣ǻ壬Ͻ˰ǧУٴɣ


ڶپʮ һ̽
ǰ벽ʥߣ۹ۻ±ܵʶԼĶӿ϶ָԼ´ˡ
ѯȥʱͿԼߵ⼸Ͳ֪ʲôһĹȥ
¾ͿѪ̻߲һϻ̳Ͽֵ˵ϣˡȵ֮
̻һ⼸Ѫ̻߲ĻʱһëϽתӿ˿ǰʮˣ̲סֹѪ̻ȻôᣬӴǲ٣ˣ
һգ۵Ĺ±֪ԼӦվһ˵ˡԼĴȿ޿ʴӣ͵һţ̲סûӣһǻѵ㲻֪˾۹̻ᣬۻʶҪηֵѪ̻𣿡
ΪԼʴ˵Щ̷ӦȥͷϴʴӴ˿ѾԻ˫ۣȻԼᣬԼгɾ͵̲ס˵ļʺͳޡһ͸ˡ
һʱʴӲ֪ĸ񾭴ңȻѪ̻Цҡ
ʴӵĻû˵꣬Ϳ΢ӷ׵Ӱ˹̧һƾͽԭһЩ֪ʴӴðǣһڽ׵Ҳһ롣һ߹ȥֱʴᵹڵȥ
һӿŻ˶żҵһЩ߲㣬û·һڵϲͣĸҶ׿ͷҲǲͣĸżҵ飬˿ڡ޶⳥ⲻ˵ġ
һӴӶŴһŴɵˡζû뵽Ϊαִȣȴײүǹ£ԩˡ
ˣûо˵ְ𡣡Ȼûܵһ˺벽ʥ߻ǵͷϴ˿޿̲ס̾˿˵壬鲻㣬ȥɡ
޿µ˵ͷʧڻʹС
벽ʥ뿪ϲųһЩѵõЦݡȻЦЩţЩǿʮߵҶ׵ĸǰ˵͵ܣȥһֱ˵Ĵû뵽һ㾹ȻôᣬĽ
żҵΪ۹ʵֻǰһʱмܻܿһЩû뵽¾ȻΪ͵ܣ˵¶̬ȡżЩ˲оԼʧȥκϣֱεڵϻȥ
µĳûκ̫ķӦӹ۹ҲҵʱѾ׼һС
ֻΪ֮ǰ̫æû̫ʱЩȨ򽻵һֱǽЩ齻ԼĸҶ׽Ҫִ󣬿һֱĻٿһеġ
ǺǣµۻǹˣҪǲμٵ䣬û뵽ȻТӸһЩСĦûʲô⣡µĻʼһֳ費̬һ˴¶Ҳ档ﻹ̲סֹû㼰ʱǵ۹ĵһսʾͻԩˣ
һ뵽йһЩţȷʵҲͲʲôˡ
Ϊµٵ䣬Ҳֻ΢ຮһȥ۹Ļкȥˡ
ԭ۹廹Ϊ԰ﳰЦ۹һͨǵ֪˾Ȼʱ򶼹ԹԵıˡ
ܼѾȥˣǴ޼˱ҵһҹŵǻļǵãֻһ޼Ѿ֮ǰҶѡ˵鲻ԭ̫õٴγΪ۵Ľ㣬ͬʱҲħ˵Ⱥš
µٵϴôһͨηҵǿֻܹ¡ǵ۹ļȻ˵ˣ۹ĻҲΪݼһֱȡԡһ־ô֮ˡ
뿪۹ʹ̲֮סҶԹСͯǸжŴֵʱѾ֪ͼ˰ɣΪʲôҪһ鷳أ
ʵ鲢ǺܸȤҶ׵˼ʽȽ⣬뿪ʹ̲֮סҶ֤
Ҷ֪Լ϶ƭֱ˵˵ڵʵȷʵ۹һı£˶֪ңȴ֪ǬҲһ۹չԼ㽫ʧȥܶȨ
෴ھôһ֣۹Ȼ֪ƶ棬ǬҲǵģοǺǬĹϵϾҪתƵˣҲʱ±̬ˡҶ½촦ⳡ־̬ʱ̲סЦ˵
С̫ͯˣֲܹôҲ˷Ҹ֪ҲģҶ׵ĻޡҲû뵽Ҷ׻˵ôһŹֵۡһʺá
ãһٵҲֵˣͿʼȥ۹ɣһ뵽иӴ̼飬Ҳ¶һּ˷ܵı顣
ܿǳصһޱεɽ֮ϡŮĽӦҶҲ˳ص˿СʱŮòˮ
ʱϵıٴαҶ֪лҪ˵ˡ
ҶͯȻʶʱȽ϶̣ЩıȷʵҴ۽磬Ҳ֪ݣҵĿģȻǴ촰˵ɣ棬滨ҲڸλãչֵޱȵԶҶٴ̯ҲҪ̽һĵеʵ뷨
ò˵ϿǴ֣ʵ˼ޱܣ¸ǵˮ©Ҷܹо֮˵ôһ޷ǻҪ̽
ҶҲףλȨƾͺһôôϿҶïʢһŴҲźܴΣա
һ²ĳطһ󱻶ãһôºܻܿΪһ涴󳹵׵
ܿЩŬһгɼͺܻḶˮǬһѹ޷֮ա
ټһʱ˵ѾԽԽ̣ҲǲòԽСĽ
ţ뽲Կһ̽Ҷ׵˵ͷ˵
֪ԼôȷʵЩСģҲǲò˵ҶͯʵѾֻͬȥ۹ϵ̼ƻĳɰܣҲòȥ˼ϣܹ½⣡
ҶĻ˵ͷϿˡ֡


ڶپʮ İ
ֽ˵ôڸʱ˵һ˵ҵļƻ
ƻҾҿԺ޹˼ͶһĲĸûκα̵Ŀܣ
｣Ŀǰ˵ܹ뵽Ҷõİ취ˡҲô¾ֻܹȴʵѡֻʱѾԽԽпˡѡĻҲԽԽ١ԴϽǺϣҶܹͨһССġ
｣ĻҶ׻ǱȽϿ뷨Ͼ鲻ǣ浽｣һ棬ܿǣ浽һ̻ᣬһĴ⡣
뵽ҶҲʮ｣˵ܹȫףҾ㲻ңҲһʵ߸ġ
Ҷ׽Լļƻ｣Щ⡣ÿǵĻҪǵġ
ҶҶ׵ļƻ｣ʱ䡣֮Ҳ״𸴵ʱ̡
ͬڿ棬Ҷ˿ûаŵĳɷ֣ͺ｣ʲôĽĽһ｣ٻһЩСǵġ
ôҽĽûио𣿡оҶ˵｣ȻЩ֡ΪҶ׶Դ²Ǻӡ
ʵҶͿ｣뷨｣ʵĽˣҶֻЦ˵ȥ۹չ̫࣬ǲ»ûȥһ룬ܹȴ򣬾൱ûȥ֮ǰѾռһЩƣ
οԷģǸԷƴģӮʹ򣬲о£｣ԽԽȵı飬Ҷ׵ϷһЩ٩ı飬｣Ϊˡ
û뵽һȥ۹֮ãҶͺһʸСͻȻ֮ʲôָоǳ޷ݡ
Ҷ׿ƹŹ֣ʵȴޱʵõ뷨｣ҲǱ˹뷨ͷ
ȷʵǿܹ֤ԼռˣȥҲֻǰսѡ
෴Ҷޱɵȥ۹ռˣҲʧʲô⵹Ҳһ뷨룬｣Ҳ¶˾ģãôˣϢ֮Ҿȥ۹ֻʱһҪһЩţ֤ȥ۹İȫ
˵꣬｣뿪ȥŹҶ׵ˡ
｣˵ҲҴңȥҲҴһأûʲôϢʱ䡣ɼڸո㹻һʱ˶ѹҪ̫飬еĹһܹܵġ
Ƚ˵Ҷ˵ϵѹҲᣬҪĻ｣Ҫغܶࡣ
û˽֮ǰҶ̸ҵжôӴǸʱҵʶֻͣڰ׻УҵٴҲֻǰ׻ôһСط
Ҷ׽ѵأʶ｣֮һеӡԺﱻȫ߸ˡʱ˽⵽жôӴ󣬼֪κε۹޷һᵽЩ۹Ļ嶼һľĸо
ôһҪҸҶұͱҪѡ𽥷ֻңͬʱ׳СҲָҶջԻ͵һ̰ɡ
｣ߺ󲻾ãһŮ㽫һѪ̻͵Ҷ׵СҶ׾ܹ｣סȥˡ
صס֮Ҷ׿ʼ｣⼸һЩ鱨ϸıһ֮Ӧ۹ʲôˡǡǡʱͻȻҶ׵ԺѹҶ״Ϊ֡
Ҫ֪ԴҶɱ˶֮ԺֵĴԽԽ٣һʱҶ׻ΪѾչˡһԺ֮еĸӦԽԽǿңΪʵ̫˽𣬿»ΪҪͶء
о֮ҶҲûк˵ʦʱٹؾʲôΪʲôôã֮ѧˣ
Ҷôһ˵Ҳһ̲סЦʵ֮ǰ֮Ի϶ĳһΪܹ֧Ҽȥ̫٣Ҫ嵱ȡһЩһһЩ֮ͿԽ뵽ȥָн
һ֮дɱ¼յ˲֮Ŷ϶һʱ䣬ܹоͨʱҵΪ粻˷ˣ֣һǲܹ뿪壬Щ֧ΪֻһԵģҲ˵˻Ҫۣڵ״Ǻ鷳ȻоԼΪ羹ȻԼŵʱҪǿһЩΪĳЩԭһһܹȫƿأ˵ЩʱһЩп
ԭģû뵽ʦʱҲջСѧ﹧ϲˣҶ֪ã˵һЩֺĻȻ֪Ҷ׵˼û˵͸ȻűάȤ
һѹ֮ͨ˵Լʵͼ
Ҷף֮ǰΪʦ˵ʵﵽ񾳵ʱһὫһЩʹüɴڸ㣬ʵǸʱΪʦĸʹüҲǺϤǺܲġ
Ӷ˻֮ҲϤĵо˼£оֶһ㣬ҿԽݴڸˣһһ벽ǻʾĻҲлɱһǻʾڵĻߣƾԼҲܵĻˣҶ׻Ϊѧɶ˵ʱָһŶ衣
｣Ϊ㰲ȥ۹ó̵УҲ㰲һѵ֮ҲٴγŵָһԴȲѵ֮ҲŻֽ㣬ʱֻܹԼรˣȻҶ׵̬ȱȹȥʽ࣬˵Ȼ벻٩ɷ֣Ҷ׷·ֻص˸ʶʱ򣬲֪ԼֻദҲǶһЩ
Ȼ֪Ҷ״˿̵飬һĽ̵ָı΢͵˵Сһǰûо뵽ҵĶԹлһЩɣͬĴҲԽԽΣգҶôҲϣܹøһЩϷҲһָ
ĻҶҲصĵ˵ͷ
ɽһƬïܵɭ֣ȻǳǿǶҶ˵ϰȴѾǴ´ˡ
ȻѾԼãҲǺԥʰһЩ뿪ɽ峯һƬɭֵڸȥ


 μҵ
Ҷ׵Ĳߣڵ·֮ϿҲԽԽ࣬ͬʱλҲѾ۹ĹԽԽͨҲ۹ӳĵط
Ҷ׽ѡΪԼϰĳһΪľǳԼƿءһҲΪѾûʱȥԶĵطѰˡ
Ҷ׸ոһƬɭֵʱǰ治ԶȻһĴҶ״սһȻǼĵѾһֻΧ׼ɱֻ׼޶˫ɱۿͽ뵽β
ۿҪ⼸ҵɱʱͻȻмӴ˴Ա˳
Ϊ׵ǸᣬһŨŨɱҶܾʲôطͻȻ֮벻ĵص㣬ʱЩơ
һֱ㱼һֻޣһһֻޱʱ֮ǰһֻɱļЩˡ
ιҪɱޣƾʲôһͼһˣ⼸ӵŮ鵤ɵ۷壬ʵҲͬ䵱ҲŵӣһԼİǵﱻȻưոݡ
ʱ򣬴߳ʮӡһӿ˿һԵŮϳ˶ԷݣʱЦǼӦϳҵĵӰɣ
ŶҲ֪ϳҵģ͸Ͻˣһ鷳жŮͷӿŶԷ߲ƣʱЦ
Ϊ֪Լļ»һЩ棬˱ᡣϧˡ֮󣬶ϵĳЦ͸ŨһЩ
ЦϳǵһСҲҺĴ嶷һġӶʱ˵
ǆʲôֻ޼ȻҿˣȻǵģ˵ҲһôƯѩץסЩˣǰǸ΢ѵһߵӣּΪŪ˵
ʲôĴĶμңӵĻ̲ס˵
Ҫ֪Ĵ嵱жμΪյģҾɳ˷ָ顣Ǵ̶ӡɱŵ飬ÿһμǧ˿ƵĹϵ⼸ҵĵ֪ԷǶμҵһǵһٿΪ׵Ǹӣ֪ǲˡ
ǾǶμҵˣ֮ǰǲ֪ǵݣ˾ˣûʲôˣϧǲ֪ôƫƫߣ߶߲ˣ񿴵⼸ҵһηӣֵ͸Ũ˼֡Ǹʼûʲô̫ı飬ԵüΪ
ҪǸɱˣĻҵŮһ̲סսľʵ
ŮӻôһЩɫǿЦ˵ɱҲܼ򵥣ҪҮҮϴֻҪþͻã
һ˵һ¶ޱı顣ҵļӶʱ۴У˻ҩһҪͶƴǻǱΪ׵ҵ
֪ӲƴĻǼ˵ʵҪڶμô˵Χ»ǲܵġǱѡһõİ취ǾǲͶμҵ˾һ·񱼣пӻصϳǻһ
Ƕμҵƺϵһûҵ⼸뿪μҵ˾ͽǵ·ȫʱμѾھԵˡ
ЩǸӶʱȤҲûж˼ߵĶ˵ֻѩҪ⼸˾ͿŴɣֻҪƯȻҲģҪȥһЩͲˣ
˵֮ӱѩ뿪ֵоֻʣ¶μҵ˺ҵû뿪
μҵ˾ͷǳĲûӵԼԵøӵ޼ɵˡ
һߣμҵʮһӽҵΧ˵Уվ˵ǰд˵ҵСǣҸһᣬҡŮĵүܣеľ͸ūţǻһ·
ûȶĻ˵꣬⼸ҵ˱㿪ʼȻǴ˿̶Ѿ˲˺ҪǾԲܵġڶʱҵѾʼһųϳǵķʼͻΧˡ
Цһ̲ס˵·㲻ߣͶֵǰѼеĸɱˣŮ£һúôҿ
֪ҵ⼸϶̶ͬˣȻȫ׽Щѣץס⼸Ů»ڻû̫ġһ⼸пܵˡһ뵽ϱ¶һЦݡ
Լ⼸Ѿ޷ѣһվҵĵ˵ǼϿܣҳţһʱ᲻ɱҵģ
˵ӭ˼ĶμҴ֣ҵĵƴҪͻΧζμ˶ڣһʱºĴ򿪾档
ҶѾ̲סˡ͵Ĵ˳ʮ鵤ĸĸǰֻǼ棬㱻ɱ⡣תֻ֮ʣ¶һ˻վҶ׵ǰˡ
ͻȻоһ˫һҶ׹ˡƺҶײµӡ
ǰǼһݣ֪Ҷ׳Ǿǵģ⼸ҵӶҶ׹лľ֮
ҶҲȻܡʱҲˡ
Ҫ֪ղʮ鵤ĸ־ͱҶ׼գ۵Ĺɱ˵ҶѾǱǿˡɱɱһסѲˣֻܹˡ
һӵӣҶֻЦЦû˵ʱҵļӺҶ׻˶ϽԱ˵ǰǹĻ׼Ժ󻹻飬ϣǰܹǴ
ҵļ˵зȨһվ˵
Ҷ׶ЦЦʾǲҪ˵ת㿴˶֮ǰǸӵݣҶҲԴв˵ҲжţҲǺܸˣҪļһ뿪磬㻹һЩüֵҾʱŹ㣬ҪһЩҸȤ飬ôԸһʽ𣿡
ȻԸˣֻҪǰܹһǰţУû뵽ҶĸԼĻᣬȻ֮ˡ
ʱҶ΢ͣһԶ˵ô㣬֮ǰ߿ǸʲôǶμҾʲôϵأ


һ ŵ
˵ղǸˣҶ׵Ļϵıʱ÷ḻ
˵ɣǸ˭ǶμʲôϵҶܹѾʼҪˣˡҵļƺҲڵĽ
ȻڵЩ鷳Ҷ׵ʼնһı飬ҵļ˵ҲõһԼķ
ǸǶμҵһϵӣ£¶һ޹ӣսľ˵
Ļ˵꣬һԵһҵӱ̲ס˵ǰ˵ѣμҸûһжµĵϵӣ
ҵһŮƣ¶һЩšΪ˰ԼĻԲֻܹװʮַ߿˵СѾͷ֪ͲҪ˵˵ѵǶμҵҸ˵ͰƤ
Ҷû뵽ȻҵļСŮϱʱһ㶣̲סЦĻĲбҪ㣬Ӧô˰ɣ
ҶûкҵǸŮƽϣǻ˶񡣶׼͵ĴԼĿڴȡһۺݺݵҶס
ֶۺɫֺǻɫôһ۱͵׳ۿžͳҶƮ
Щ۲ܹ˵ĺ壬һܹͨƤϵëױ塣ֻһۣǱǿ߲עĻҲᱻ㡣˲Ǯں򵽵Ķ
׳ۣҵļŮʱҲ̲סҶ׺޷ӦȻ
Ҷ˵ݣһϽԼĿڴȡһǽⶾҩĶҪûûз½ⶾͱҶ׸ϵǰһѽץסⶾҩ˹ȥ
СӣⶾҩζӦûϲģҪҪһ£һ˶ǰҶֱһ죬֮ϱһɫУ֮лвٵĶڳƾۼ֪Ҷʵǿ󣬻зЩ۶徹ȻûκӰ졣
һӿöһ˲ˡ
ҶƵľ£Щڶ̶̼ʱ֮ڱ㱻Ҷ׾£ģָԭȵӡ۷ŵǰŶ񼫶ȿ־˫ۣܹ뵽һԼ־綾ʲô³ˡ
ɴ˿ɼ֮ǰߵǸӵݾԷͬһˡôһҶױ֪϶һܴܡһֱӰڶĶͷŲʧԽ
һСˣʧȥ󲿷֣ͷԾͱЩ־ģøҶ׿ɳ֮ûʣȻ׵˶еʵ
ȻҵˣҲµûĻӦþǬˡ֮Ҷϱ¶һЩЦݡЩЦҵļȴޱȵа
ֻҶױϾһһɱȻҶ˵ʲôֻҶܹ뿪ˡ
Ҷ׿⼸һŵı飬ЦЦָ⼸ҵӵΪ׵Ǹʵʲô֣
ҽҵĵϵӡҲִйһЩΣļܵãȻܹˡοܹоҶ׶ȷʵҲûж⣬վ˵
ĻҶ׵˵ͷֵĺܺãϧԱЩˣ֪ûҪǿ뷨
ǿҶ׵Ļ̲ס˵ͷ˵ҵȻҪǿζ룬ôǿأƺûҶ׵˼̲סʵ
ߵ⼸ҵӵУһŮƺһҶ׵˼Ͻڵ˵ʦϣͽһݣ
ŮĻҵҲɵӸϽһ
Щ˵ıҶҲǵ˵ͷȴûͬǵ뷨ǰ˰˵̫鷳ҪʦǲܵģǿԽһܵ֯֯ûʲôĿģֻǸ̸һЩԺҪôҾͲ̫ˣ
ҲҪϴ𸴣֮ٻشҵ⣬ǿˣЩҵӻһӣҶϵЦ͸Ũˡ
⼸ҵ߳ȥԶһŮ̲סͣҵ˵磬˵˿ɿܲһЩ캦飬ֻߡ
Ůǵһͷʦҵӣơ
ƵĻ̲סҡҡͷ˵ǰ¹죬ҲһȷжϣӦò񼫵ˣһҸҿ϶ֻǽС֯ҪʲôҾͲˡ
ʱ˵ˣ磬ղǸǰһǵ˵ˣǲЩˣ
ǰ磬ǰǸʱ俼ǣôʱǾͺú´μʱҲһЩ⣬֤ǵĵǶģΪʲôλʶǰǼǧѷһλᣡĻϼ̲סһֹ
Ϊ˵еǼȻڼʮӣұϾֻһ壬ܺЩ壬һ忹⣬㿴𣬽Ķôţǰˣ㻹ԥʲôҲ̲סȰ
ʱڵ˵ͷ˵ãڻʱ䣬ʱǾȫ׼⿼ȫʱͿǰ˼
Ҷһֱ⼸ҵӲҪ͵ǵ̸ΪǼ˲˺Ҫǰȫߡ
Źһʱ֮Ҷ׿ƽĽϳǱصɭֵпʼѰԼˡ
ʵ뷨Ҳʱ⡣ϾҪԼҪŵġſҶȻŹλᡣܹͨо⼸ӲŽᣬĵûһ˿һаʺղŵһٶ
Ϊֿ佱䣬˼ʲôû˵˺һѹҶ˵СһղĺܲҾһ̣֪ԼţڱΧɱʱһĸûУô׳ҵˣ
ôȥˣһֱҵһӲˣĻҲôʹΪͽϧ˵ЩҲЩˣֻϣ㲻Ҫҵ·¼ҹ˲źð˵飬Ҳһ̾
ǽҶôʣ˵ʱʲô¡𱻱Ƽˣֻܹ˵ڵʵ̫ȵΪﵽʥߵʱ򣬻һῼǸ࡭


 Ļѵ
ʥ򾳣ĻҶ̲ס̾˿ڲǱСɣҪ۷ܻһЩҪǻʾ¾ޱȵˣǻʾ֮ϲʥ򾳡ڵٶһ֮ڿⶼֻһңɼ뷨
ҶҲû٣һڵʵѾɱκΰ벽ǻʾµĻߡһֻ˲һ˵һ漣ҲûԼܹʱԼôһӴļ峹׻
ôҪһӵײֻѦ׶ǼôﻹһҲûС
ǺǣСһ뷨ȷʵܺãҪЩϾңԶˣڻǹ˺ǰɣҶ΢Щʱֱӽ˼·˻Ц˵
ȽһһЩʹüɸ㽲һɣʵҴһҲͻ룬ھһʱĳͻȻо֮ǰѾˣڵҲЩϧĿǰһûҵЩκ˿һ˵ʮְյ˵
ĻҶ̲סɽ𣿿²ܣĻôһ˶ûм
Ҷڵʵ̫ңԶ͸˵ȥɽˡ
ˣ˵ЩˣҾͽЩоһЩĵôڸ㣡ʱ΢΢һαҶ׵˳Ȼô翣ǴųһɫĹâʵҪռʱ֪ǿٱˡ
Ҹ㽲һɣߵҶ׵ǰָ΢΢һ㣬񻭻һȻҶ׵ǰһֻСֻСɢ͵һͣһֻСȻײһŴ֮ϣֱӽһŴΪҽ
ʲôʾҶ͵һ㶣ƺʶĵеѾ˼ķ硣
Ҷ뷨Ц˵ĻͲ֮ܳΪˡ
ٿƣſһֻС֮ϲͣȶų򣬿ǾǷɲҶҲΪꡣ
һСʧӰ١ٴſһֻѪɫСٴηɳơ
ʱҶ׺ʲôŻĸҶչʾʵһþһãĹҪ仯ʲôͿԼѡˣȰǧҪ̰ã
Ҷ΢ϲı飬ǼʱѵһʱȥϰĹˡ˵Щ֮뵽Ҷ׵濪ʼ
Ӧʲôʵ飿Ҷȥ뵽ԼеѪеѪҶ׸Ǽ̡Ҷ׽Ѫó֮󣬱㿪ʼϸĹĦѪ̵Ѫͼơ
һ֮Ҷױ㿪ʼԼĵһۡ
һʼʱƮܹǿ۳Ѫ壬ȴ޷۳Ѫͷǵôʧˣչ˲ܣʧܣҶһΡ
ʧܹʧܣҶʧһ֮ٴγԵڶΡೢٴ֮Ҷſˡʱ֮ϲ΢һѪĳΡ
ֻһѪȫޱģ˵ǣצͷѪϵƬҲģ壬Ҷ׵ٴγ֮£Ҷ׻ܹǿѪڱˡ
Ѫ֮£һѪȻܹԼһʵҶ˲Сľϲ
Ҷױ㿪ʼѪСˡ
һһҹʱ䣬ҶײŽĵһһЩѧһšʣµľõʩչˡ
ΪһƬɭֿһᴩֵ۹Ľӣһ޻ҲǱȽƵġһӵʱҶױҵһͷ۾ĽǮ
һֻǮʵȻǿֻб񾳳ڵӣһ¾ǱСɵҲҪԿ
һͷǮĽţƺоʲôǿĵѾڡ
ţοȤˣû뵽ҸҵֻǮͿԿһϷˣ֪ʲôأڲԶҶǱ
ûҶ׾Ϳһֻа׶ߵĹޡȻⶫĺͨЩƣĲϾȻһȦëһĲ棬ƺһɫڴľ
ŶԭǽܣޣҶϵЦݾ͸ʢˡϲԷۣǮڵһŴ֮һ޴ķѡ
ǮͽӦǾˮˮġǴ˿̵ĽǮƷողԵʳŸոò;ͱܸƻȻûʲôˡ
Խܵŭ𣬽ǮҲĺ
һֻܸͷСʵȻͽǮǰǻãһܱ֮ϾҪĻˡ
𡱵һŽܵŭʼ϶ű׾忪ʼҡһ߰״֣ʮ׸ߵĲŽܵҡΣǮһŴ֮ϵĺ֮ҲԽԽˡ
ۡƺܸŭ׶ߣɫߵĽǮֱӴӴ֮˽ܡ
ۡһǮؿڵһʵëҧ֮󣬱̳ɴܳȥҲʾһƴڽǮϡžһһʺצӡڽǮĺ󱳡
ǮҽһʼΧŽܴתͬʱҲǿʼͣѰҽܷص©׼Żϡ
ۡһǮڽʮȦ֮ڷֽܵһֱȥ͵һڱӽܵ˺һëǮԶܸոշӦͱǮߡ
Ǯɧ˽ܼ֮һ͵Ϯн͵ķڽǮҧʱ򣬽һҲǽʵʵ˽Ǯϡһֻ޶ʱѪֱܾˡ
Ҷ֪ԼҪˡٲֵȵֻ޾ʤٳ־ûˡ
ĵһĿٶȼǮǽܡ
ۡڽǮ˵ٴܵצʱѾõҶ͵Ĵӽ˳ֵķǽǮλá˵һ־Ǯһ档
𡱵һԽǮҶײûаţʮִݵĴһơһƿƻʵȴ硣ͬʱһޱģѪҲǴ֮зڳֱ˽Ǯͷ­
ۡһѪһҪ˽ǮͷǮ̾Ѫҧһ


 ӰӶ
һѪֻһģ壬ûʲôĹֶΣҶǰĹֶ˵Ѿһֽˡ䵱һѪҧǮϵʱһֻǮ˲Ͷ˰Դ
Ҷ͵һһȭڽǮӵĴ֮ϡǮ͵һʧȥ֪غһڵˡ
𣬺𣡡
ԶĽܿǮҶɱҲû̫ྪϲҶ˹ȽǮٶȣܵķҪΪѲһЩ
䣬䣬䡭
ŲǱ׾ĲٵĳŽ˹
ءһ𿴽ܵͺܱ׾ӣٶȴûһ˿һĴ͡һץſ磬ǴŽȫҶ׽һɱ
ҶȻɵͽӲƴڶԷһĵԼϵʱ͵һܣգһҲǴ֮пٵķڳ
һֱצҧ˽ܵԴ㣬ٶ̫ûȶ㿪͸оԼϱһŻҧһڡ޴ͷ­ϵëֱӱյһ飬ѪҲѪҧ١
𣡡
ʮֵĲãûҶ׳͵תƴҶҪ˺Ƭ
ҶҲţһѪƷڶڽܵϲͣըڱһҵĽ
ʱͻȻɭֵ߰˸ǿߡȻЩǿϴŵ·Ҫ򵥵Ķ࣬һڵļһԺյ˰̸һδɱĹƺ޲ȤɱҶ׳˺档Ҷ׸оʮ֡
ΪвٱǿԱ߹սҶֻһɱʮִݵ⼸ǿߵĸǰЩȤʵλҺʶǰɣǾôԱ߹սƺ̫ò
˵ЩǿԶڵƤͽ׳Ե˰̣ûʲôر֮ĻҶһǶʱоЩǿϵһЩΪԵر֮ŨŨɱ˲ҶôǶҲһֱܵϢоһŨŨѪζǵϲεƮݳ
Ҷ׽˵֮⼸ǿߵͷĿʱЦ˵Сӣ⻰˵ĻȤϲ
ɣ½ȽӶСӣר崦һЩֵ飬벽µ񶼻ᴦĵˮ©ֻǼǮ΢Щһ㣬ǸոʧһԱ֪벻Ҫ룿ʮֱ뺷ǿ׳İӿҶ̲סʵ
ӵĻ߸ԸĺЩסˡڰӵĻ˵꣬ӱ㳳˵ϴʲôץȥȻúõһҾͲ᲻ǵĻ
ӴӿڴͳһذףͷŨŨѪζҲ˳˳Ҷûйƴذ׸ովɱ˼ֻС޺ͼӡ
סݺסڵʱû˵ķݣݺĻӶʱЩŭ˵
ӵĻݺʱԾı첻˵ʲôһһ˵ˡ
ӿȽţһĳƺĸоЩ˵˵ǱȽϺģСֵܣǺӰӶΪִ·ղſնɱֶֻβֻϧһЩϺͣ԰УҪӶСӣ֪ûȤ
ŶҶû뵽ЩӶһ˵ôֱӣʱϵЦݾ͸ʢһЩһЩζ
ǰ˸˶Ǳ񾳴ɻ۷ʵȷʵѵãֻҼ뻹ЩѣҶӵĻ΢̾˿˵˵ʱֻЩ̾ͺֻһʮֲ۵Сһ
Ҷ׵ĻԭЩ͵ıʱޱȡ漸ӶǽкҪҶɱ֮ǰǸݺıΪӻԾǰӶһĻѾҶˡ
ʱߵӵߣ˵ϴ󣬱ᣬʵ²ֹǿЩǸղҲɱܵʱ򲻻ŲæϷˣܣǱߵһֻǮҲһ֮½УѾȱ۷ˡ
һ⻹ʵĽóȻ֣ȫܹܿܲƿصģϴ鲻ܹ֮ǰǼĵôʴĻǿ϶Ҫܾ޴ʧģһ߸˵Ҳǲͣü
ӿ˿վǶһеҶףüͷҲ̲סһ¡ܹоҶܹǰֵôݵ϶֮Աôһ˵ҲǷӦ
Ƕס죬Сֵ˵˵ôһ⼸ӶȻͲٳ֣ǽĿȫҶ׵ϡ
ЩһĿ⣬ҶҲ̾˿˵Ҽ뵽ǵӶŶӵпԣҪóһʵǵܹ˴ҵĻȻ룬ֻλᣡ
֮⣬һһõĽ飬ǾͳͳҸɻϴڸʲôڻûãǿĳҽսˣôӮˣɳɱңҴͷôǾͱҵģôҶײŲæĽԼѪȡ˳Ц˵
ȤҴСûôȤ飬Сӣȷôû뵽Ҷ׾ȻôȤϳıͱøӵŤΣĿˡ
˿⼸ǿ¶ıĿ⣬Ҷҡҡͷ˵ûںǿЦЦǣ˭ҵСܵģվģ˵Ҳǻᣡ
˵Ҷ׵ĿԽԽӲӶЩܲˡҶ
ϴϣݺںѾҶۣҶ׵Ļ˵꣬ӸݵĺƤǵݺӺ˳ӵ̲ס˵
ݺ𿴳ĸɰͰ͵ģȴһѪɫ䵶䵶֮һſӤͷ­滩ֱ졣һڵƤע⿴ȥͺȫͿһѪһڼЩĻǸһԳĴ
ݺﾹȻսǵ˵ͷ˵ݺֵʱһЩ֪ߵغСһĺʹĻᣬҪһȥͰɱˣԵֵܼ壬֪𣿡
ףӵĻݺЦ˳


 գ۱
ݺһȺ߳һֿһĿҶףҶѾ֮һûҶ˵ݺ¶һı˵ˣСӣεϴԣܹͶ뵽ǺӰһǿһģȻһĺֱӰж˿鰡
˵ţݺʮֱ̬һеѪɫ䵶һĹЦ
Ǻǣ⻰˵̫˰ɣȻҸ˵Щ󻰣ȻҵɣӦÿһİȫҪ͵ʴװҶ׶ݺĻûзϣЦ˵ƺѾݺﵱһ
ҶӵĻݺ϶ʱ¶һĨ׺ݵĿ⣬СӣòҪҵУһҪ֪־徿һʲôĸо
˵ݺ͵һܱ˰֮СӸݵĸƤһٶȴޱȡԾӰҲͬһʧҶ׵ͷ
ߣҶ׶ʱЦһԼĶͷһ϶֮ûȴܹҶ׵ĸ֪գ֮䣬Ҷױоݺڵλˡ
ҶΪݺʹõĻһȽϸ߳˭֪Ȼֻһֲ۷ǽԼʵٲҶУŻҶ׽һ
ò˵ݺȻЩ׾һ뵽ҶоͺڻһҶҲû˿Ҷ֮ǿĸ֪¹һˡ
СɣݺƾԼҶеڶƣһſŴ֮ϲͣı任λҵһѵ͵Ϯλáһ־Ҷ׵ĺλãͬʱҲǽҶ׾Ĵ뵽ԼĹΧ
£ݺ͵ĴһŴ֮ͬһɽһ˹΢תһ£еѪɫ䵶Ҳ֮һޱȹѪɫ߳Ҷ׵ĺĶȥ
ͬʱݺѪɫ䵶֮ϵӤͷ­ҲǲͣĻζţһӤ޵ĹҶͷһѣΣǰ嶼΢΢ζ˴һ
ǺǡݺľУ̲סЦ
Ȼݺڶ鵱ֻһ񾳴ɵӶʵ𼸸۷ӶҪǿһЩһݺӦûʲôġ
ڰӱȽϿݺʱҶƺоԼֵݺеѪҲתž˳
Ҷ׵ٶȼ죬ݺ˵ǲһЩݺѾҶױʱҶƺոת
˻֪ݺǳѪɫ䵶ӤͷáһݺҲ¶һĨЦݣСӣֻ壬´ξҪȡԴ
˵ţݺеѪɫ䵶ѾֱҶ׵ĺȥˡͬʱ䵶֮ϵһſӤͷ­ҲڻĻζšһΪҵҲӤͷǵĻζĽ뵽Ҷ׵ԺС
ȣԶԷĴߣҶױһеѪǻһѪݺеѪɫ䵶ײһ
һһ˶ƴλñŷһ󵶾Ȼƴһ𣬻Ľһʱѷʤ
ݺޱı飬Ҷ׶ʱЦһ˵ݺǼٴѵôһûǹһ߰ø˰ɣ
ݺ֪Ҷǹڼ黹̲סļ
Сӣ㲻ҪΪҲɱ㣬ھͰֽŸ˹ݺﱻҶôһǣϵļҲ΢һЩôһе䵶ҲԽԽƽҶˡ
СӣҶ׾ȻȥŭݺƺѾԤϵҶ׵³̲ס̾˿
ǾݺｫеѪɫ䵶ѹԽԽͣۿҪҶʱͻȻоһĸо档
ָоȫһսĿ־壬ͺͻȻһ֣һӽѹҶ׵Ƹһ
ݺ˵ʱͻȻо˫һ飬еѪɫ䵶ȻҶ״ɳȥ͸оǰһģҶֻһһ˹ȥͽݺķ˳ȥ
顱һݺֱײһŴ֮ϡ
ûݺﷴӦҶٴǰݺ۾͸оҶ׵ѾץסԴݺоһ鴤ͨͷ­鵽Ҷ׵档
ţҶ׽ߴһӾҪҵʬˡ
һݺ֪Ҷ׵ʵˡ֮Ǻˡ
꣬СǰϻҸӲˣȫҶ׳գݺһ޸֮ӤһӰ֮лˤۿžҪˡ
ӿ˿ݺޱȾ飬뻹̲ס˻˽ݺ˿̵ݺ˵һԼŻָҩſƤӵûˡһһ֧ӶҶ׵ֱ̬ӷһٰʮȵת
žžž
ݺﱻҶҲǴһ΢ЦҶİơ
òϣԼʵδܹôƷݺת˿ЩƽʱŰӶǶû⡣ҶһǽǸסˡ
ܵޱȼž֮󣬰̲ס̾˿˵ˣû뵽ʵȻôǿûһʼʾʤݺŶ֮ǿƳǶûа취
Ǻǣϧ㻹̫ᣬն»֪߸ˣֻһˣǻлɱģֻǿϧ˲žԶܹˣһ˵һ߸ʹɫ
Ӷ˰ӵ˼ĽҶ׸ΧҶ׶ԸĲһǿߣ߸ǿˡ
ô౾ǿΧڵУҶײûк£µЦǺǣӦ⼸˵еϴ˰ɣ˵˵ҵʵԸǼǼأ
ŶҶôһʣӶʱһ㶣û뵽Ҷ׻ʳôһֵ⡣ܿͷӦŪҶ׵Ļ֮ơ̰Ц˵СӣڻԸһᣬͽеĶǰ㱣ܣͬʱҪǸ׼һ֮Ȼɣ
ûĻôҾֻܹ˵Ǹˣʵ̫ǿӶЩ֮ʿ㽲ȻûͼôǾֻܹɱˣ˵ЩƺҪҶ׼ʱȥǺ


 ̥
ҲЩģϾҲǾʮĥһͷβӵײȥӶԸȻһһֽ취
Ҷʱ俼ǵʱҲеעҶϵı飬ֻҪҶһʲôõķӦһüӶһֽҶʬΡ
ڰ˵껰֮ͻȻЩˡҶױѾʱûжˡ
һ˵ּΣյ£˳ڱܷӦһЩСҶײûκηӦһƴĸоһӰͻȻʲôҪ˵ʲôʱҶѾһʼˡ
ҶȻ֪ĵܹһֵʱͽӸµĻôƷӶͻü򵥶ˡоѾʲôʱҲ͵һǰ˰ӵĸǰ
Ҷ׵ٶȲ죬ȴһٹصĸоÿһλʱȫļⶼһЩɣȴҶ׵ж
һӾ˦˼ӶĶ½һ棬Ի
ϼһղôԲѻҪһᣬҿǲ֪ߵغҵҪ㾿ʲô£˵ţҶ׵ȭͷ˰ӵ塣
Ҷ׵ĻҲһЦСӣ˵⻰Ͳ·˺ˣ㣬ɱֲɱʮȻôǾͱֺˣ
ӿǱδ󺺣׶࣬ȫļһ޴ʯǷȫȡ֮֮ߵȪˮһһʹó಻
Ҷһȭϴȥ󺺾ȻЦĸˡ㲻ܣӭҶ׵ȭͷ
ҶײһСëӶѣھϱҶϵʮϸѹһͷײĻӦһͷײˡӭҶȭͷʱš
ôţҶʱҲЦһһȭȥʹ˼֮⣬ʹóôܹӿԼٶȣȴ֮ԼȡƣΪƷ׼
顱һҶһȭֱӾʹ˰ӵϡڿסҶһȭͬʱҲǼĿԼȫԷֹԼҶ֮еߡͬʱҶһȭϵʱ򣬰͵һֱ㽫Ҷ׵ץסˡ
ԼץסҶ׵󣬾൱ڿסҶ׵塣ҶһֱۣĻԼɱҶ׵Ļᡣ
˭֪ץסҶʱ򣬾͸оҶ׵ֱ͵һ鴤ɵļ⾹ȻҶطӿҶһֱ֮ϡ
һ̣Ҷ׵ȻƽʱִһѪڴҶ׵֮ſֱһھͽӵһֻƸҧס
Ҷ͵һת֨һҶϵһֻͽӵֻƸҧϡ
Ҷ͵תһģѪڳȥš顱һۿҪļӶ
ʱӻģ͵ĳһ師ݺݵĿҶ׵ĺ󱳡ҶڸܵУٲɱҶף̫ûˡ
˭֪һ֣ĸͷûҶ͵ĺˡһֱ۴Ҷ׵ı˳һѽŸͷֱ۸ץס
ţһѪҶ׵͵ת
Ѫ䣬һâתȦϰӵһֱۡ
ֱ֮ϵ˿ԽԽ󣬾һӵֱһͷһڵϡ
ҶڳƣֻһƱ㣬ؿڵ߹Ǵ˼
һǿҶ׵֮͸ȻӵѪ⵱Уӵؿֱ˺ӵһ඼ȥ
Ҷһ֣㽫Ѿ˼˺Ͳ˵İڵϣˡ
ʲôϴˣӺҶ׽ֲʮʱ䣬ͱҶ״ɲзϣЩӶһ¶־塣
һ룬һǾȺףʱ˭ܹǰСɱǾԺͷӵɱȨһ뵽Щ⼸ͽӶһֶ˷
ڰӱ֮󣬵һһ΢ӷ׵ӣӺ
ӺӷףϻǷӶ࣬һͺһһȫµķͷͣ们Ц˿ɱʹõֶ֮¾ͲôΪˡ鵱УڶǿǡǡЩķӡ
ϴû뵽㾹ȻСӻ㣬ֵھ㱨ˣʵղӺлӰҶ׸ģðӺҶ׻ƴһۡڿӱҶ׽ǿʼԵ
ȥʱһǧҲǴбݺݵ˦˳ȥ
һ֮ϲһޱȷĹӣͬʱ֮ϻë㹳Щë㹳һ˵ϾܹԷץס˺´Ѫ⡣ӺüξǿֹŹֵıԽɱУ֣Բˬ
һҶ׵ϣȻҪһɱ쿪ʤˡ

Ӻеһ֣ͬһһҧҶ׵Ĳӡ˵ֵʱֱޱȵգͺһڰĶѾҶ׶ϣƫƫȵʧ֮ų֣˾ǲ˰ӵֻԼ
һҶ׵ĽǶȼΪĵ꣬޴ɶ㡣Ҷֻ͵תһѽץס˭룬ôһץӺȦסҶ׾͸оԼ֮ϵļһӱϵë㹳ץ˸š
Щë㹳ݺݵĴ͸Ҷ׵ƣӺĲƣҶ׵徹Ȼһβסֻһֱۻ¶档
ӺϾȻ¶һթЦݡҶѾ֮ˡ
հɣӺеҲǱݺݵû⣬ҶȫѪⶼᱻһ㡣ǸʱҶ׵սͻ˲ɥʧһ룬ٳ־ܹ׽ҶƷˡ
ʱһֱԱǻǿֻжûж֣ʼǻǿѾΪĳȥҪӺ֮ǰҶ׻С
ʱǵĳҲǸҶ״ɳ֮
š֨һӺеȻûнҶקҶ׸˦˳ȥ֪Щˡ


 ǿ
ҶһʼʱѾע⵽ӺеȻ֪Щ㹳ץסһΪȲѣһҲǸǿһԼϾҪɱļһʰЩǿߵĻԽԽˡ
ȻڵʵҪɱЩǿʵҲҪô֮ôҲҪЩǿܣ׽۷Щ˸Լ
ȻҶôһǸԼ£˲ţһҲҪȥ۹ʱһЩߡĻѾ⼸ǿߵԴˡ
ΪҶѾû˻֮ԱɱʱҶȫļ͵ĺ£ͬʱһֱҲֱϼĲֱͣ˳
˿̵һǿѾҶ׵ĸǰ
ӺѾߴҪҶ׸ҲקʱҶȫ͵һӺһԾ˫͵һֱ˦һǿߵؿڡ
ϸȥӺҪҶȫѪ˺ƬʳݡէһȥӺеҶ׵Ҷ׵ڽͬʱͬһӰֱӷһǿߵ塣
գ֮Ҷ׵˫ȱǿߵϡ顱һǿؿڵ߹ǶҶ׸߶ϡֱӵɳȥײڿһ֮ȥ
ʱһǿҲǴһ೯Ҷ˹
ҶЦһֱǰǿ߸ȭͱҶ׽ֱͬ۶ץסҶ΢΢һת͵ĳȭǿֱӱҶ״ȥ
ǿ߸Ҫ͸оԼıһ飬תһȻǶڱ֡ûȷӦͱӰ㣬һڵ²ʡ
ӳ֣ҶҲ˵͵һק㽫ոһŴ֮ϵӺݺݵק˵ϣˤ˸
ӺոˤڵϣûҶ׳֣ӱһƽӺˣȥ

Ҷһץץϵⲻͣһ㹳Ҳ˳ȡ
վһԵĶӣҶ׵ЩʵղǶæҪɱͷĿλã㲻ûôƷЩӶ֪ôģ
ҶôһʣҲ΢΢һЦ˵ûв´ĻӦҵ˰ɣ
ӵĻҶײÿɷĵ˵ͷ
ֽ˵Ϊҵĵλ϶ͣ㲻ҵҲߵĺˣ
˵ʱҶڱĻˡò˵жϵĻ׼ȷȻҵȷʵߵĺˣ֮ᱻɵ۹ȥִһǳΣյ
ӵĻҶ׵˵ͷʾԷ˵ȥЦЦ˵ûв´Ļ⸽Ӧҵһܻأ㵽ҪһµӸղʩչҲֻŵĳ̶ȣһɹ϶ɰǧ
ɵǣǼù㣬Ϊһ⣬û뵽һ֮£ǾȻΪеʳ֮ûɱǣΪҵһǬ֮һЩԹ֮ʣҪǰ£𣿡˵ЩͺѾԤϵһһǳɣҶҲòޱͷԺͺÿڲˡ
ӵĻҶײò˵Ҳò˵ȻܴѵͲҾ̫Ȱɱ𣿡
Ҷô˵ȫҪӣȷʵɱͷҪ֪ôԼߣҪôܹԦΪԼãҪôնݳ󻼡
ǳҲδⲻǬˣҶ׶Դ˱
Ҷôһ£漴ЦĸˣǺǣ˵Ҷ۴ʵĴˣҺʹ˴򽻵ҲҪĨˣ
֪㵣ĵˣԲŻᴦ̽ңģȻҸô϶ףٸҵûйϵ֮⡭Ȼһ粻֮࣬˵ĻȷʵҲҶšҶ׾ûбҪץ鲻ˡ
תһֽʵȻЩ˵ңǣڵпܽȫѱ𣿡
΢Ĭһ˵ˣҶǿˣҶЩ˵˽⣬ڵѽǽĿҵһ󴬣Щ˻᲻սԽġ
ҵʱ䲻һֱҲ˽ЩӶҵη壬ǵҸ񼸺ֱӻȺŵģ
ȻͬʱҲһ󴬣һɽܹȥմϵ⣬ȻǻȫȫΪҰ£ҲǵңҲǣǿһ˵һЩҶײ֪顣
֮ͷ˵鲻ѣ취Щ˴ãһ͵ȥɣ
Ҷô˵Ͽ˶ĻܹоǿӦòҵˣҲұ֤ǿҾûĿġ
ǲ¶ǿˣʲôཫǿЩӶһɱ͵ʲô鶼û
ҶϢʱ䣬ǿӰӵĿڴͳ˲ֹѪҩЩ˲ϣٿԱ֤ǲȡɺҩǷ£֤Щ˲·鷳
ôһʱ֮߸˱㱻ǿһϡЩһ鲼ţһ޵ѪһЩ졣ĶҶ׶ŵԼĴָ档֮Ҷǰ·ǿǱЩ˸ں档
߸˼һǧأǶһ۷ǿ˵ЩֻСһѡ༸ʱ֮ҶױŶǿ｣ܻصĸ
ʱǻʾڵĻֱ߳ӽǸ
뵽ѾɱˣܹоҶ｣ƱûԶֱ֣Ҷ׵ǰϸһǹȻʶҶףǵǿҶŵĶǿʱ򣬾Щɻˡ
ǻʾ߲ҶҲǽ͵λߣҸոǿߣϵһЩҵķ²Ȼλλ͵棬ʡ;е鷳顣
߿˿Ҷеƣ࿴˿˵ͷͬҶ׵
һߵһڣʮʱ䣬һֻǿ޳ǰ
ʱһߵǿǰǿ׶Է˼ʮϵķеġߴ֮һŵ޵ϱͻص｣ܻصС


 ǿ
Ҷ׻ʱҪȥϤļɣûи߷ػأֳɭֵȥ
һʱ䣬ѾɵһЩҪȫաʱʼ̸ɢһЩҪˡ
ɢûôãʵɢڹӦ϶ҪΪʵһЩɭһƬյ֮ϣٴֳҶ׵ǰ˵
˵ĻȻǳļ̣Ǽÿһ仰һЩҪ㣬ҶҲǾ۾񣬽ζ
Ҷı飬Ҳ΢΢һЦֽ˵˵Ӹڱ仯ɢעսʵԣ㿴
һһֻС֮ϣС뿪ƾȻֶ֮ܿСͷɻص嵱С
СʧƵеʱٴνſһֱɫĴǴ֮лչ
һʼֻǺɫһźɫͷ­Ǻɫɫ壬һβҲǴ֮л˳
һֻ֮˳ڵ֮ٴһĸͷѾһˡҶϸһϳֻɫݣȻǺɫ
˵֮ڹһޱȺڰĵطûйһƬһĺڰڰиһǿĺɫڡ
ֺڰڻԡĻ˵ĺɫ⻹Ҷ׵һοһֻĺɫҲһľ档
ҶϾı飬ĵĽСһʱȥܶطеõһɫĻȻһѾ٣ǺɫòһܹļԺеģھҸʾһɢľӦã
ոհѻ˵꣬ɫչɵ˰֮СһΪһֻɫȻһɫĹ
Ҷ״˿̾мʮԶںɫ˹ʱȻܹоǰһƬڣһƬͷеĹһ
ֺڰһţҶ׾Ϳһֻɫֱ˵ǰ
վԭزŲæƣһƱĵһֻĶͷҶ׾ͿӺɫ嵹ȥͣ˺ԭͺģ塣
УӺɫ汬Ĺܹõϵļ֮١˵ɫǱʩӵϵĹġ
һҶ״˼
лʦ㣡ֻɫȫʱҶм˵
Ҷ׻֪ͼҲǵ˵ͷ˵СһɢеİҲֻһСֶѣҪǿĻҪԼȥϸĦνʦڸ˰
˵꣬»صָбչˡ
ļƻ⼸ʱÿ춼ύҶһ÷ʱ䣬ӦþͿѧǰںû˵ʲôʱˡ
ҶҲ̰ĵˣȻѾ̸ôණӦȫȥЩѧáο̰ãɲŪѧʦʧ
ɢľ֮Ҷױ㿪ʼɭֵѰҶ֡ܿ㿴һСȺЩʵֻ鵤ңжʮ㹻һˡ
뵽Ҷױĳʮȥ
ʮѾʮûгԵˡǿҶ׶׷׺۾һ¶ݡ
໡һͷĿһ˻ʮǷ׷׳Ҷ׷ȥ
Ⱥ˹ҶײŲæվһ΢ĿյϣһֻѾ˵ǰˡ
໡һһֻſѪ죬һſŷǵĿǻкȻĿҶܹоһͨ˱һҧУ㲻ҧӣҲˡ
Ҷվһֻǵǰ㲻ڳһµӡ
ֻ˵ϵʱҶײſٵһֱֻǵѪ졣
ǰ޴ٶǵ¶һ˿мĲ⡣Ĵ͵ıպϾҪҶ׵һֱֱӽĭ
֪ǰӰһԼ컹ûҧҶ׵ֱۣȻҶ׵ֱӰͷǶʱоԼͷ֮һöѪʯͻȻҲ˲ʧȥ
ͻȻ顱һͷ­оȻðһǿֱӽǵ崩͸Դ屻һķ顣һֻǻûȽҶ׵ֱҧԼˡ
û뵽һȷʵвٶ֮Ҷһֻ֮ɢҲԽƾЩô޷֡
顭Ҷֻ΢תһ壬ƱܹĽɢʹóǶͷһſѪʯıһֻֻѪҲӦء
һֱǿͷĿʱҶײǱԷƵĺһǺܿ콫һֻǱƵɱ
ȻҶôЩ˷ѵɣȴǽɢʵսϰĸһЩһʱֹȥˡ
˵ʱ䣬׼һЩɴڸҶˡ
ǰĺô˵ҶԵøӵ˷ܻҶ׵ıεҡҡͷ˵ɢͻź֮ܶͬʵȴǼĲͬͺһ
ƾֿܹȵĵ֣ǳ׻壬ɵ֣˵ΪаһЩ
㿴Ҷ׵ߵУ𻺻ߵһŴԱߡһŴ֮ϣһŴ֮е𽥵ıգһŴһÿһ
ţһŴĸǰͬԼһŴ֮ϣһŴʧƤɶſήޱȴܿһŴȻһѻҳʧҶ׵ǰ
Ҷ׵˵ͷһš
ִҶһСӵԱߡһ죬ĵо;ۼ˲ٺˮˮ֮ͣзڡҶ֪
ֵ֮ͬٺˮϧЩˮովۼľֱʧӰ١
ʾϣŻ˵СһɢͻˣЩƣ̸ֻܹЩʣµľͿԼˡ
еñȻʧԼ֮ǰҪ˼С˵꣬ٴγŵҶ׵嵱С


 һŵӵ
ʧҶܹо̸ܹԼĶѾϣͿôȥʦһѪˡ
һҶһЩѵһȥҶ׶̸һЩҲǶһԼĵãһЩҲǱõԽͨ
ܿȵҵļӡ
ǰˡһŲͬһ⼸ҵӶҶ׶ǳ˾ηһĪĽš
⼸΢Щεı飬Ҷȴֽü׺˵ô𣿡
Ҷ׵ĻҵļӶԼͬĵ˵ͷҶ׿ǵıЦ˵ǲҶʲôͼʵֻǾʴĵʦָĻ϶ܹһչǽʲôȻ̫Ĺˣ
Ҷ׵ĻͻȻһӹڵ˵ǰǼԸΪǰЧȮ֮ͣ
ȥļҲŹȥ
˵ʵÿһ۹жԼѧԺģ糾۹ǿ۹ĸѧԺ֧档ڷ糾۹ĸʥԺǿѧһЩѧṩ㡣
½֮ЩνѧԺϵѧУͨ˺ʹĵӶԹƽĵطʥԺ͸߻ӣңһЩ츳ߵͨ˸޷ʥԺȥ
۹½ȻλòƫԶҲֻеȵ۹۹λúãռһƵĻ½еӿģΪ
һ۹ȻҲԼѧԺΪԴޣĿǰѧԺֻΪĴѡ
ѧԺԼǿĴ弸εռоųɵԴĵ漸ûʲôռ䡣һѧԺΪ۹ѧԱĿʵʵҲ⼸Ӱʦеԭ
ΪԼһڼ峤Ľ̵³ɳķչٺҲǵĳǿ١
ڻĴѹ£ΪǿߵĻ֮٣ҪһϱǿԸĻᣬҶ׵ĳǵ
ЩҶȻʮܶ鶼ҪԷ˼ǲǿκ˵ġڿ⼸ҵôģҶʵҲЩˡ
Ҳ֪Լϰ̫أչֻ̫ܹǿ˵ɣȮ̸֮ϣֻϣǽܹԽԽǿ󣬰ҷֵһЩѹͿˡ
ǰҲҪн˵˵ȥұǻҪС꣬ǽʦЩ׵ǽҶͷĿȽϺһЩһС͵֯ǿô룬Ҷ׻̲ס˵
ãƵһͬҵĵҲǷ׷׽кá
ʱҶǰҲôн˵Ҳǻָ˱ɫֵǷʵʱˡ
ҶͷĿȻǳС飬᲻ȥִһЩأ˵һЩյ̲סʵ
ǺǣȻеģǻش֮ǰһҪǣ⼸һԾԾԵӣҶͻȻǵ˼·ϵʵ
ҶͷĿ˵ɣֻҪܹشģǶʵģʱ⼸վ˵ҵĵҲͷʾͬ˼
ãҾˣ⼸ҵģҶҲǴоˣûйǵ˵Ȼ۹ϣûоսҺܹ̫ĴȴǰľӦǿ̹İɣ
Ϊʲô޼ɵĶԸǣΪʵǿҪļҲǵļǿܶ࣬ھǻҪҶ׾٣֮ôҪҲΪʵв档
ֻŶμҶҵѹȣڼз쵱ҲԽԽˣҶϾһ۹ķֻҪһȻ֪Ӧ˵ʲôˡ
Ҷ׵ĻĽҲȷʵͬ˵
ܵĴ嵱ּԼܶ鶼ûȨ˵ּҶǻǺõģĸǵӾͻѹġҲһҪǿߵɺͶ
ҶͷĿ˵ЩǶףҪʵʲôϵأϼ̲סʵ
ϼôһʣҶЦЦ˵˵ĶܶԣҪʵǶԼδʲô
Ҷʱ⼸ҵĵӸסˡ
ʵԭ뷨ҪҳΪ۹ĵһ塣Ƕ۹˽⣬ԽоĿѡοڵʵͣ鵤񾳶ûдﵽҪһ㲻ǳ˵
ڹ˵ҶδҪҲּҵԼΪ۹Ĵ֮һ
žžž
ĻҶײ޹İơ֮ʹҶףʱԼ˵ЩʵоҶֻ˵һ仰㵱ʱ뷨̫Сˣ뷨ܹٴһЩĻڵĳɾͻߡʮ֮Ϊ۹ĵۻʣļҲΪ۹һĴ
Ҷ׸һЩֽ֮Ŀ⿴ҵĵӡʱһŹƵڶվ˵ҪΪ½һŮߣ
ƵĻҵĵӶʱЦϼЦ˳Ϊ۹ۻʵʱȻͻǻʾΪʥ򾳵ʥߣԶԶ˵Լ뷨
˵֮ҵҲǽԼ뷨˵˳
һпյ뷨ҶεĿЦ˼˵ò˵ǵ뷨ǳãʵδ̫пˡ
Щ²ļҵҶ׵Ļ֮ʱ
Щҵ侲̲֮ס˵ҪΪǿ߱ȻҪǿߵĵ·ȥһηǳı֮»ӣ֯ҪȥִЩΣ̵ʱ֮ڳɳ
ЩУڵλþǸṩ㹻֧Ԯָ㣬ִÿһֻᶼһԾĳɳʱǾԼδͻԽԽֻһˣôЩҵһ񱻲пʵ̧ͷҶôһݽʱ˷
ЩһָţҶ׻ĴӿڴȡһֽݸǡЩҵĵӿֽ֮ϵıͱøӾˡ


 ƴһ
ѾϵֽҶҲǼֲֵ˵һЩͨĵҩǵĲӦǿܹδҪ顣
ЩʱҾһʱǣǵʱĳɳڸǸĶпܸǲһЩΣ񣬵ʱǾдչȭŵĻˣ
˵ҶִԼĿڴͳһ˳ȥҸǵһҪǸǹҩõģЩǮб˽ңήң͵űɱɣ
Ҷ׵Щ˾棬ҵ⼸̲סս֪Ҷˡ
ˣûĻǾͻȥɣסǽҪΪʲôĻԼǵļ壡˵Ҷױ뿪Щ˳ɭĵطȥ
˵ʱҶײſʼܻطء쵽ʱҶҲ˳ص˻صС
İţпϻصʱҶҲ˺ЩӶӴĻᡣ
ܻصĴεУǰ벽ߵ˵ЩӶһҪӳȥƱص컹ѣ˵صлһ벽ʥе⸽ķ紵ݶˡ
Ϊ˽ЩӶտʼʱһֵĲЩӣǾַ֮󣬶ʱŪԼĴһʵ
ЩӶһ֪ʲôʱʱһϤӰڳǵǰ
㣿ǰ˰̲סֹһϽӵ֮վ
ܹоǰܹڴ֮ȥ磬ҵĵλԲһ㡣ͻȻоԼǰΪֱ޴
ʱֻΪΪԼץ㣬û뵽һôҲ̲ȻߵȥˣԵٴο˵ʱϱһЩ־Թޡ
ӵĻҶ̲סЦЦ˵ȻˣѵΪԼ㱾»ᱻץֻѺߵĴ𣿡
ȷʵܣߵһ֮󣬰Ӷʱô࣬Ȼ֪ҶҵݲܹǵˡҲɵӣҶҪɱǸûбҪǴôҶǾΪʲôأ
ˣˣҰҲثֻ֣ҪһҪɱҪ㴦ã֪ԼİҲֱӱ۾ƺڵҶ׸һʹ졣
ʱһֱҶ׵ݺԱ߿Ҷ׳֣գգ۾Ҫվԥһ£ջǺƤ˼ſ̲ס˵ˣǶ£ǼͶˣֻ㲻ҪɱǣҲǼȻĻɱˮһ𣿡
ݺȻԸЩ꣬ȴ˶˲١Ȼ֪ҶװǴĿģֻǰʼհ治˵˵ˣҲǻ˰һ顣
ݺĻ̲ס࿴һۣҲ¶мĿ⡣
ʱһֱԱֱµӺҲǷֵ˹̲סԼԼк
žžžʮԴ׵ϴ󣬼Ѿˡһߴһ˵Ҵ۲ʶ̩ɽֻҪܹԸЧ
Щһث֣Ҷ׶ʱһס죬Ҿ
Ҷһ仰Ȼʹ⼸Ļֻ̰ʣ¶վԱ߲֪Щʲô
֮ԲɱǾҪǸҵ޵ģܹҵνǰ;ȻĻҲ֪ҵֶΣֻҪҪɱˣ˵ǣǵ۹ۻҲǱɣҶ׿ǰ⼸ĿӶЦ˵
ǳ⼸ӶϿܿӣʵ⼸ӶһޱȽƻαļһǿڿ˵Լ˵иƣǾͻӶıԣҲ˵ıԡ
֪ˣӶӦҶܹĳЩӶ˶ģԲܹǱĳŵ
ˣǵĻһ㶼ŵģŵֻǵж˵Ҷ̲סֽ˵Ǹ˵òҪۣһǱңһ춼ģ
˵Ҷ׵ϲĲһɺǿɱһɱ⼸ӶоηҶ̸Ǹһλġ
ʱӲ΢Ҷ˵ǸҲԣǿɲ뱻ҪɣкõĻǻˣ
Ȼոձһ֮ðʵ죬Ҷ׵ĶԻУоҶ׶ǻġһӵĵҲͽĴҲҺҶ̸ˡ
ѾϵЩӶôһ֣Ҷ׶ʱЦһ̲ס˵û뵽㻹ǲ֪ԼڵĴȻҸ̸ˣ
ȻһǿĮı飬Ҷʾߵİ벽߽ηŴð˳ѾˣҪͱ뽫ҴܣøҹȥҴӽ쿪ʼ֮ǰһԼȡҪǳԴЩߵֶΣĻ㻹ǲҵˣ
Ҷ׵Ļһ䲻ɷ˵ҶסһθҶ׵ȫΪûʱͬбҪҶ״ĹǶϽۣеһԹֱӲ͵ϮҶκλֵĿܡ
֪ԼһγֻܹռϷĻôκҶ֮Ľֽ᳹ʧܸաһֱ㽫ԼǿʵʩչһȭǾ춯ء
˾͸еֱϵļǰ徹Ȼ˹״ͬʱһɹǿҲһһֱ֮ϡǰȭͷǱһǣֱӽƵһޣѾ޽ӽһͨİ벽ǿʵһαˡ
ȫԸһԭվһԵĸ벽ߵɫҲ΢΢һҶ׿Ҫˡ
ֲеӸҽа壬ȻҾʹķһӶȻһֻƺһֱۣһ඼ҶߣǴﵽ۷֮󣬾Դ˶³һҲһֱټڴҲһЩԺȣ𽥻ָһЩ
һȻֲҪӳȥҪҶ׸Լһڶ


һʮ İ
ˡһŰֱ֮ǿıһȭҲǺݺݵĴҶ׵塣ֻҪҶ׵򱬣ôҶ׾㲻ҲΪзˡһҲǸֵܼһڶԺôͲܹǵ⡣
ţڰһȭʱҶǽԼһȭ˳ȥһȭֻһȭֻвһʱͻʵʵײһ𡣿ϾȻһЩЦݡ
Ҷ׽ˡ
顱һҶ׵ȭͷͰȭͷײһ𡣴˿̰ȭͷŸոγɣΪȭͷոײһ𣬰ȭͷ㱻Ҷ׵ȭͷֱӴ򱬱һ͹ɱֱڰֱۡ
һȦȦļڰֱ֮γһǿͬʱֱ֮һĹͷҲһѼ⵶һʱ׼Ҷ׵ࡣ˵һжǰв߻һɱҶ׵һαһжȱһʧġ
ڰȭͷϱʱҶ׵ȭͷҲƣֱץסֱѾʼȥļ档ͬʱҶҲɢʹó
һɹǿӰֱ֮ϻһתɱҪҶ׵ֱͬһ飬һֱҶһصҲһ̱
ֻһ̰Ѿڼ˷״̬ûԤϵԼɵˡ
ֱ֮ϵļ֮ϴʱһɹǿҲǻŰֱһֱ쵽ļ⵱УļṩԴԴϵĽɱ
ʱҶ׵ֱ۵оȻһޱصһƮһ뵽ֱ۵УȻһĸоģĴðĴԳƬ̵ʧͬʱоԼ֮ڵȻ˱ס
ôܣⲻģֻҵĻþû뵽Լڹؼʱ̾ȻĻþĲһּǿҵĿ־塣ҲףŪҶʩϵһִܹܱܿҶ󵼣ʧһοԻɱҶ׵Ļᡣ
Ҷ׿ô

Ҷ׵ֱץסѾʼתļ⣬ԼɢǼȥͬʱҲڴ˿ת
һһ֮㽫ս֮һֹټҶֱϵļѾ۰ôתԼֱϵļⶼѶҶ˺
ֵĹ֮УҶ׵һֱ͵ն˰ǰء
Ҷ׹ʼݸκηӦĻᡣ
Ϊ˿ڲûȫָҶһͳͱøס
ȱһֱ࣬Ҷͳ˵ڶ࣬ȫҶ׳ˡһӰеһֱҲҶֱŤƬֱ̱ڵϣֻʣ»鴤ˡ
Ҷ״ԼĿڴͳһҩߵİ벽ߡ벽߽ӹҩԼµҩҲһЩ˵ҶվԼǰǳ׷ˡ
һΪһҴŻģҴˣʵʵѾ޽ӽǻʾˣˣ㻹ԸзϣһȫΪЧԺۣڵͷԼϣȫҶ׵ˡ
ĻǿҲһһĳĬ
ǶǳΪ˺Ƣ֪ܹ˵һΪҶ׵ʵ۷ĻǲôͷġһҲҪúԼĴˡ
η˲ʱ䣬ԭҶ׻һЩļǿһڵϣūһҶ׵ǰһǴҶ۷ˡ
Ҷԭ϶ʱһЩζЦݡû뵽ЩӶʵηѾ̶ֳȣӻһȺ򲻳ūŰ
ˣǾҷ˼ڰҿԽ͵һηṩһЩƣǸҼסˣЩֻʱǵһЩڽôͿǵıˣǿ߰ɣҶװѻ˵ֻ΢ŶǿǱ߻˻ֱһ벽߹ȥǿڵ򿪡
ǿҶ뿪˴һ΢һĵطȻǿǿҶ׵Σǽֻһʱ˵ʲô
ǿҶҲǳ촰˵ǿ⼸ʲô룿
Ů˵ϲˮǿ΢ƷһЩĲˮ̲֮ס˵ǺǣˣͲҪҵĻˣҶǿʵҲûʲô£޷ǾǴһ㣬Ǳ㣬ܴܲﵽǻʾ˵ܹѾˣ
ǿҶױĲˮһϽҶµĲˮʮֻźҶס
ȻҶ׶ıҲǱȽ⣬ԶǿǲΡҶҲֲ֪θĻΪİ˵һֿ־壬ϾҶұһЩҶҵͽкܴĹϵ
뵽ҶҲЦЦ˵ôǾˣ˵ʱ򣬵ͬҲΣҿԸһЩȨˣһǲиĻᣬĻӦ֪³ģ
ǿҶ׵ĻϵЦݾ͸ʢˣͬʱҶ׵ĵƨҲԽԽȻҶҲԽԽ
ˣЩƨĻͲö˵ˣ֮⼸㻹Ҫڴ棬ȵٰ֮ǵ㱨ɣҶ׻˻֣һǻʾĻ߽ǿҶ׵ķ䡣
ǻʾʧıӰҶεҡҡͷһҹ޻ڶǴҴææϻصܻصСһҶԺһ߸ס˷ޡ
Сͯû뵽γоȻ˳ȥ۹гȫźˣʱϻЩССĳͻ
ˣƷЩӶʲôطȥһ·ޣϱԳ˷ܵı顣
ܿҶ׵ͬ±˴֮п˯ļӶ
ЩӶʱЦСͯû뵽㾹ȻײӰ㵽ˣȤ
޼ɵЦЩջ𣬿ǵ˳ƺҶ׵ʱʱˣԭǰŵһͿһǾȻñ֮ǰˡ
ӦôŻһЩҶȻڵǹƥȽţ˻Щѵġ
Ҷ׵Ļʮɵ˵˶ǿ֮⣬Ҷᰲ˺úõǵģǿǽߣаɣĵϸϸϸĲһ飬ûκ⣡


һʮһ ۹ǰ׼
Ҷû뵽ô̵ʱ֮ھͽԼҪĶóСļ¼ЩӶЩ顣
СӽҶ׵ʱЩȡǿݵʱҶ׵־Ⱦͱø̾ˡ
Ҷеĸ̾ЦЦ˵ܶ鶼һ͵ģĻ廹ʲôƿأ
ˣ̸̸Ӧ飡֪Ҷڸ̾Чʣû̫ȥЩǽһŵͼҶ׵ǰ
ָָ۹λöҶ˵۹⸽۹һĸǳҪĳУһǹ
ָָ۹֮ڽһǶҶ˵۹Ĺ۹˻֮⻹壬ǬƵҼ֮׵Ǯңңң۹Ļġ
۹Ƶ۹Ͽǵ۹ӯ۹ӷǵ۹Ĵ۹ھ϶㲻ڷǵ۹Ķ߾۹ˣ˵֮仹һ۹ġ
۹ֻһЩҵ̻ӪȴûһҵһõĵطҲõĵطһһ彫ݵġ˿ǵ۹̲ס̾˿˵
Щ۹ӯ۹һĵ۹˵ھҪһЩ۹ҵӯ۹ӯ۹ͨĺģʶ۹ΪĿǣ۹õ
طͨ۹ģȴ۹ΨһһѧԺڡѧԺд󲿷ֵĻĵӶ治ͣĽ񣬾ĥ
һǳĵط￿ǵ۹۹ΪҵĵطҲǬΪĵط뵽۹Ҫȴ￪ʼָָǵ۹˵
ط㣬۹࣬Ҹ̾ĵططҵռһͬʱмҵĴͼҲݣʲôԭҾͲ̫ˣ˵ǰڶܿ죬֪һиҶ״Žһ顣
ţ۹ȷʵҪӵĶ࣬Ѿһļƻ˰ɣҶ׿˿̲סʵ
˵ͷ˵εʵ⣬лΣգұҪͬһȥģΪԭǲˣѾǰ׼ֶ㹻ӦЩӵˡ
һں߰˸ǵСᣬЩ᲻ǶʮˣΪͨİᣬûܹע⣬һǸ˴㹤㵽˺㽫Щ˾ۼͻγһİᣬʱʩչȭŰԽԽҲıǬץסѱ˵̲סѵ
һںվȽŸôͿһ̻磬̻ȻᲢİɣʵٴεõ䣬֮۹ѧԺһЩҵѧԱõǵİͿԽ뵽۹ĹǬһˣ
ҪסĲÿһƺõģҾ˺ܶۺʧܵİŲнĲ֣һҪϧĻǵļƻһһ˿©ܿǰ
Ҷ֪ǲǬʵ̫ǿκһų©ܿܵȫ߱
ҲǬһЩϡڵţǬʮѾﵽ벽ǻʾʵڶʮʱ˳񡣵ʱĳɱһ۹ĵۻʶңΪҵİɱʷŨһʡ
˺ǬõϺʶŵ۹ȥչԼȻڼҲһЩʧܣǺܿȡ۹ۻʵ֮ɺ
ڴ˺ʮ棬۹ҲǷչԽԽǿѾӰ쵽۹Ļλˡ
뵽Ҷ׿Щƣ̲סʵȻѾһаźãôһʲôĴأ
Ҷ׵Ļ΢ͣһ˵ʱǬ۹п϶Ҳİȣһ۹ҽоս֮ǰԤȣͼҪҵһʱһָ۹ЩǬսͬʱҲûȡֶȡһ£
ȻʱܹǬһעĻһ۹ֲһҵʤִһЩĿǰǬһսֻĳɵİգ֪Ҷ׿϶Щ⣬ǰҶףһ׼
ЩҶˣʲôʱ̣ҶܹĳȻȥ۹ʱ䣬ʱ϶˺ܶ飬ĻҲʱıԼг̣Լôæ뿪ȥ۹
ʱѵǬѾע⵽Ǳ۹У㻹̰ɣںӰЩӶһᾡǵ̺ø͹ȥģ
ĻҶҲһĸм׼뿪ʱҶͻȻ뵽Լ֮ǰǼ飬Ͻ˵֮ǰ˶μҵˡ
˵ҵѾͶμҵˣãһúȥģھϸ׼ȥ۹һˣҶ׵Ļϵıͱøĥ
뿪صԼʱǿѾվſڵˡҶ׳ֶǿϽˣԺҵˣһΪЧ͵ģ
ǿĻҶεҡҡͷ˵ˣҽɣ
ԼƨĹʧȥãǿεʼҶ˽ȥ
˷ҶҲ£ֱӽ⡣
Ҫȥ۹ִһܵþҵ߸ҳıߣһŲҪʣһһ𣿡һ뵽ǿϲĸԣҶǰѳ󻰸˵ǰκεС
ǿεİ˰ֻһԹԵƷˮ
ܿ㰲ź˼벽߽ҶҪĶ͵ˣҶ׿˿嵥Ʒ֮󣬱ǩ
ǲ޽۹ǻ˳ŷǵ۹뵽۹С
ǵ۹½֮һͼŷĵ̡ϲһЩù鲻ͬŷԾΪӪ̻ŷ½ǿ̻ᣬ̶̻ͨѾ쵽½УںܶŷǿҸʱҲòѡ˱ᡣ
ûֱӸҶЩҶǣ浽ҺŷҵìܵƽһЩա
߽ЩҶҲʮĵ˵ͷܿ죬ͶǿߵĴ뿪ܻء


һʮ ǳ
뿪ܻ֮󣬼ǰ߾Ƿǵ۹
֮ôһҪҶ˽һЩǵ۹Ҫ֪ǵ۹Ȼ۹ôӴ۹֮һǷǵ۹ȴ⸽۹ľģ۹ۻĳ̶ֳ֮Ҳŷǵ۹Žľ÷չ
Ҳŷ˲ìܡȻΪϵŷǬҲһЩͻŷһֱûжǬ־Ҫȵܾ˵ʱ̵ɡ
һҶ׻İҲϣҶܹ˳뵽۹ǬĻɡϾһǬ֮ǳһ꣬Ǭ϶һЩ뵽۹Աϸļء
ֻŷԭټϷܵ۹ͬƵҶһ뵽ǵ۹о൱ڱƯһƾǬȥҲڷǵ۹джһǬҶ׵ʵҲһЩ˽;
ͿҶƾԼ۹øˮˡ
̤Ϸǵ۹֮ҶҲ¶ǿܣͰЩ鶼ǿһ顣Ȼ漰һЩȻܵĶҶײûȫ߶ǿֻǽ˵һţϣܹԺһʶ
˵ЩҶֶ֮Զǿ˵ԺҲҪǿˣҶǿɣҽҶҵĳУԺҵĸϣòҪʲôܣ
һ·Ҷ׺Ҷǿ˵˺ܶ飬öǿҶҲһȫ˽⡣ҶĻǿ۾̲סգգղ¶˵ȻôңҾͰһֻ۾ܺҵ˰ɣ
ұǳһǿļ嵱УһͳһֻֻͫͫһʲôҲһ۾ȴģΪǲ֮㽫Ҹϵ˼֮мΪƫԶСĲҵһͨĺӡ
꣬Ǽ屻𣬶ҲΪ˹¶ǸʱҵĸҲѾʼѣȻܹûһΪаԼСкԵ˶ҵ£ǵʱֻ꣬һǳΪСǿĴڣ˵ҶǿⲻһЩ̾档Ҷ׿ĳ˵ʱɣǵʱʱ϶Ǿһġ
СһֱаԵϷŪСˣܶ˶ҺˣٺҾСҲûʲô˼һӶС뿪СʼҵӶ
ϧʮ棬һֱĹţֻ֪ˣСݣȴʧȥ壬ȴϿһЩϣҲԸԭ򣡡˵ҶǿԼһ۾ϵĺڲժ
Ҷ׾ͿǺڲֻɫ۾ֻֻ۾ͨ۾ͬͨ۾ֻһͫ۾ͫصһġͫصһһֶ˿һֹĸо
ҶǿһֻͫҶ׾Ȼһѣλ㱲ĸоļǿֲӦĸоҲǽʧ
ʱҶ׵ԺصСһָͫӰܹͫʱյڵһγһԼֻԼǸͫ߱صԸͬʱҲӵΪ֪ǿǱСӽпܳɳΪʥߣ
Ļ˵꣬Ҷ׾ҲҲӰˡ
Ҷֻܹ̾˿˵Ҷǿֻ֪ӵеǸͫȴ֪ͫʲô
ͶұɣҶ׻ǽ˵ĻָһߡҶ׵ĻҶǿҲǵ˵ͷ˼ʲô
ΪҶǿ£ҶҲҪǽ뵽ǵ۹֮İţһ·Ҳû˵̫Ļ뵽˷ǵ۹߾ĳС
Ҷ׺Ͷǿֻ΢ͣһ£Ǳּ·תҶ˷ǵ۹ĶзǶȡǵ۹ΪĵطͬʱҲܱߵ۹ΪƵһ
Ҷ׵ҪɹһЩƷ׼͵㣬һ˵ݽ뵽۹Ϳں㷢չԼˡҲǾ뵽㷢չԼʵһͨõֶΡ
ҶǿȻƽʱ컬࣬ǵ˷ǶȻǷǳˡܶҶײʺϳ飬ܹķǳ塣һʱ䣬ҶǿȫӦµݿʼɹһЩƷ
ڷǶȴ˼˽ǵ۹Ļ֮󣬱뿪˷Ƕȿʼ۹ı߾ȥ
˶֪ƷڴָпԽʡռ䣬ʵϴ촢ָĲϷǳϡУʹõĿռҲǺܴ½аͳĶһһʮ½֮ϰԻǺٵģͨõĻǳֵͶƷҲֻһЩС۹С֮Żͨá
˳֮⣬һЩӴĽ׵ҲһֲɻȡĻңһЩڽ׵Ĺֻ֮񣬶ܾȡ
Ҫ֪˵֮⣬ǿԵƷһЩϳۣЩ۸ҪǱĻҼ۸ҪһЩ
ֻǶһЩͨ˵ȴܹóֻЩпܽɸΪֵǵƷΪǴ档ҲΪʲôһЩ嵱˳ԭ
Ҷ׻ڳļǮ˲ʮöͨĴָҶҲû̶ӰæѺͣ㽫еĻֱӷŵָһ۹־ʱڵִ˺㡣
۹Ĺ˵㿤ǵҪ΢һЩں㿤֮⻹а˸㿤ǵĴͳҶ׵ĵһվһСϽ֮ڵС
ȻǳǵһС򣬵СľȴǳǺǳǵľġ
СһɡǿīǺ۰Ǹ
ɵеĺʵǿ󣬿ǳǾͬʱİҲǳǵĳīﲻ㿤ӵݵ㣬ͬʱ۹Ǯǧ˿ƵĹϵ
֮ĺ۰һǵӵжݵ̡
һḺȻСһЩȴлΪɽܹ⺳Ĵڡ
Ŀǰб˴ѹƣҪԷ׸ϳӶռݺǳǵľҶһ̶ˡ
ȻҶ׼ôһ㣬һǿ˺ȽϷĿҵһԭҲΪں㿤ǵûҵױҶ׿ơһҶ׾Ͳǰҿˡ
λϰ壬ҪԷҪסأҶ׺Ҷǿһ뵽СоͱСܸˡ


һʮ ī̸
Ҷ׺Ѿע⵽ںˣ֮ڲжҪ˵ӡ
ڸʲô⼸С͵͵һͬʱҶǿͻȻǵ֣䲻ǵ壬ʱ⼸СͷĿŵĻֱһڵϡ
תӿǰֻһ޺ĶʱСҲͲôˡ
һʵȽǿСҡͷԵ˳ҶǿЩſ˵СӣǿīˣվֻҪûпɵڸûøʵ㣬ߣ
һСܴҡڵ뿪ˣСܸϽȥЩ˫ȶѾİСƴ֮ززıӰҶǿֻҡҡͷصҶ׵߼µ
ùص֮Ҷһ΢ЩƵϿҶǿЦʵôһСʲôջ𣿡
Ҷǿ˵ͷ˵СܼªʵСÿһ·ǷˮأЩطÿ춼вٵֻΪİֻ˹ĶǣŻҵֻңܹӹҸұ֤С϶ڷһϣ
Ҷ״Ҷǿ뵽֮ûҵطϢС򵽴йȻҲһЩʵıĶֹһʱǶСϹ䣬ܿСĿĻɡ
ЩҶѾе֮ڣҪע⣬Լ̸УӶѸСռһϯ֮ء
ҶǿڽԼ뷨˵Ҷʱ¥¹ȻһЩҵĽŲܿСܱҶ׵ķ档
һС΢ŵĭŻŵű㴳˽Ҷ׺ҶǿЩ׺Ŀ֮Сܶʱŵ˿ĭ˵λϴǵͷĿţλȥǰģ
СܵĻҶǿһƣҶױһ˳ȥܿҶױ㿴˵ڿջİͷĿ
´ɽףλôƺɽ׸ԲܸߣȫڣһʵļҲ¶ڵ֮⡣ټ˴ССİ̺ۣԵøı뺷
ҶףҶǿУǵķ̫ˡ
ҶҶͷˣµͷĿҶǿҶ׿˿Ŵɽֻǵ˵
Ȼɽ׶Ҷ׵ֲ䲻ȵķӦЩǱܵĽԼеĸѹλҪǺ̲ɿɣǶλˣλϳȵ˵طȻ˺λ̸ģ
ɽֻһһԵ̾ͱ˹Ҷ׺Ҷǿһ˿ʼСȥ
ܿǱһۡĸǰͣһСܵĴҶ׺Ҷǿ߽ۡ뵽һ
ʱһѾͷĿڵУʵǿͷĿѾﵽ鵤۷塣˵ʵСѾһˣӦþīͷĿˡ
Ҷ׺ҶǿλϣΪ׵ͷĿͻȻЦͷĿĿ⿴Ҷ׺Ҷǿڵλá
λӦǵһǺɣΪ׵Ӳӿ˿Ҷ̲סЦ
ǵģҶҶף֪ͷĿôƺҶ׶ŮĲˮƷƷ˵
ܣеĵֶҽܸ磬ԸĻһܸҲ޷һСôƺܽ˿Ҷǿ̲סʵ
Ҷǿ˿ڲˮ²˵Ҷǿ
ֻ˵Լ֣ûģŪܽһѿ
ܹܽĳҶǿҶ׵ĸûкƽϣֱʵλǺӦòΪİɣҲµûλӦĳĵҪһҵ
֮ܽô˵ҲûиݵġԴӺ㿤ǳΪ۹ܵĵط֮ԽԽĵﾭ̣ҵһȴﵽ۷壬Ϊ۹ĵڶóСܽô˵ҲΪ֮ǰйƵľ顣
ҶѾϵԷôʣҲֱͣ˳ˮ˵ϴµԣȷʵǸٽ۹ĵӣΪϲڼﱻԼ뿪ҪﴳһƬأ֪ںʲôôأ
ôȻкܶôˣܽҶ׵ĻʱһЦΪѾ϶ҶּûԵĸˡ˵ķǳãһʵ̱һֻŵķ
ˣҪʲôôأϴˣŪӣЩͷĿҲǴζЦݣһϷӿҶס
ҶƷƷ裬һ˵ϴҲǸ㿪ЦǺҵЩⰡܹǰҵҴ˵ܹ׬Ǯأ
ˣȷ㲻ڿЦҶ׵ĻܽЦľ͸ˡ
ҶܽЦ̵˵ͷ˵ҵȻûпЦ˵ǰźļ·Ϊ׬ǮҸһõļǮѵǻǮ𣿡
ŶܽһʼΪҶںǿЦϸǰƺʵʱſʼ濼
Ƭ֮ܽʼﰵļīպ⼸·Ͻĺһ´ܹʮõʱܹʮ
ȻЩġ⼸·ọ̵̈̄ͨ㣬ǵԭȵĻһ롣Ҳ˵ʱһ´ʮ룬õʱܹﵽʮ롣
ͨЩ֮ܽԭЩüͷʱչתҶ˵Ҫī·ϵû⣬ǮҪ΢һЩÿҪ𣬶һһԸ壬𣿡
ôȥܽĻҶǿʱ̲סվµ
ҶǿЩʧ̬Ҷ׸Ͻ˰
ҶǿֹķӦܽʱЦҶϵܣĹôҲܹܣôţ
ǺǡܽĻҶ׺ûиоһЦ˵Ҷǿҵ£ҵļˣǴСֵͬܣοֻƢ΢һЩûʲôģ
ŶҶϵܣȰ㻹ǲҪ˻һ𣬸㲻ҲˣܽЩѼ˵ˡԼСһūţҪǾͲܹš˵ˣЩСܶ˵ССûʲô
ڿûҶЩ⣬ںҶ׿ڴǮ


һʮ ī
ǺǣЩûȥģǹ飬ҪúÿһˣܽһҶһЦ˵
ʱЩͷĿһҲŴȥԼϴ鷳ǾҶ˵ǿǰԼսԼֻҪҶ΢ѱǾͻǰֺĸһЩɫҶ۾Ҷǿ
Ҷ׹װΪѵӣͣĽüͷܽ˰˵ܸ磬⼸·ҸղˣȫһҲֻܹ׬İ⻹ҪսԼһҲʣֱҪҿò
οҸմӼϴǮҲټʮҵǮȫȥˣô˵ɣҶ̲ס̾˿ʮί˵
ܽһҶ׵Ļ۾ʱˡ
ټʮһ룬һҪϽʮ֮ţܹʣҲÿңٷָǻԼʣµĳҲǼǧ
ôһ͵ǰֻҪɣϽģԼܹʣ༸ʮ𣡡ôһܽϱһЩ׺ݵЦݡûѹһҶ׵ˮ
ܽһĨ׺ݵЦݣҶܽЦݡû˵ǵȴܽĻش
ܽȻҲɵ֪Ҷ׿϶еƣװʮΪѵ˵ϵܣҲ㣬ǮҲе̫ˣҪֵ֪ܻҪԷҰĵ̶ˣǰЩôŪһģ
ԸǮǷǳģȻϸģҲܹ·ϱƣһõļǮôʣµĶÿϽˣ˵ܽһʮʹı飬ޱȾ˵
ܽı飬ҶǿǺ޲ֱӳȥ˵ĵ߳ƬԴǽ汩ɹι
Ҷ׵Ҷǿʮִɵ
ҶǮʱҲһͻȻְ˵ܸ磬ֱһһô׬һëǮܹѾллˣֻܹһԸĻÿʮ㣬ȻĻǾһɢɣ˵Ҷ׶ʱԴҪ뿪ȥ취
ʱܽʹʹɫͷĿ̾ͱĵҶ׵ǰҶǿʱܽҲһ׺ݵ˵ϵܣôôż뿪ҿԴӦ㣬Щԭ̵ϰҪԼ򷢵ģͬ⣬ͳɽǿ־Ϊ֤
ܽĻҶվԭ˰ǿ˵ͷֻصԼԭȵλʱҶѾû֮ǰּ飬ȡ֮һκͷ߿
Ҷ׽Լ˳ܽܽԼù˿ָߵľʦ˿ʦܽ˵˼䣬Լ涼Ƿǳݡܽ˵ͷ˵ϵܣŵģѶ𽻳¸ĩÿ¸ҶʮǵĽ׾ͿԼˣ
ʱһСͷĿܵҶ׵ǰҶֻܹó׼õĶƱӵݸСͷĿСͷĿϽѳƱӵݸܽܽƱӵݸԱߵľʦʮβǷġ
õԼҪĶ֮ܽǳĽеɽװ⼸ͻȥɣס·һҪСģҪ⼸˰
˵꣬ܽһЦ뿪Ҷ׵ߡ
ûôɽױ㽫Ҷ׺Ҷǿͻصջص棬ҶǿЩ̲סʵˣǾôˣ
ǺǣҶҡҡͷ˵Ҷǿö˵𣿡
룬ҶѾǱСɣһʵ񶼲ֹ治ࡣ뵽Ҷǿҡҡͷ˵ǲ࣬ǡ
ҶǿЩ벻ͨʱҶֱӽĻ˲˵㲻𣿡
ҶǿҶ׵Ļÿɷĵ˵ͷ
ҶǿıҶЦˣֻһȺС϶ѣҧһ㻹ҪҧοֻϷĴ㻹ںأ˵ˣҸǶֻǶڿɽ棬ʱǴм߽ǣ춨ǵĻõɽ룬𣬻ʮģ
˵ˣҪ׬⼸ǧһҪ۹ųԶһ㣬Ҫǰ棬Իط˯ǿʼɻˣҶ׺ҶǿϵС˺;ƺˣ㲻Ҷǿֱӽϻط䣬ҶԼڴϿʼ˼ڶˡ
Ȼڶ촦Щ˶ֻһЩС£ȻԴҪԺһЩġ
ϴѾ˽йˣҶϴϣ׼ʼԷʱ򣬴߽ʮڣǸɿĴ󺺡
Ϊ׵Ǹ󺺿Ҷ׸ϽҶͷ죬ģԺǵģϣܹΪͷЧȮ֮ͣ
󺺵ĻҶװ˰˵ԺֻҪǻǰôҳϣұ֤һ֮ɻڴ˸ҳ˳ԣҶǿȥɻɣ
ЩƽʱʵϿȥһҶ͸֮ۻܹǵʵһǱ񾳳ڣб񾳴ɵǿߡ
Щ˵ʵҶ֪ΪʲôԼжôˡ
׿ʮĴ󺺣Ҳ˵⼸ǱʮǿߡôĹǿ߲˵һ޷ĲƸǶһ۹Ļ˵Ҳһ޷ĲƲɴ˿ɼ⼸Լͺݷ֮⣬϶Ҳǵõ˴޼Ҿ󲿷ĲƲǸ벽ʥʥ߾һǳõ֤
ʮҶ׵𽥽ԼΪ˹Ԫ۷壬鵤ڡһ͸ӷҶǿȥܽ鷳顣
Ҷ׵߷ú˽⣬Ϊİᾭɧţ⾭̵ĶһЩɢֻͨϼ׬һʿǮͻ뿪Ҷ׾һļǮͷϵĻͿ˳ߡ
֮⣬ҶΪ˲ð֪ԼĵϸԼ˻Щ뿪ȻһЩȻһЩֶ̫ΡҪĻɱһ»ûġ
ȻЩ˶ûôҶǿһֵõҶ׸ǲһӶ֮󶼷׷뿪ˣֻһЩԸ¼Ҷ


һʮ ߽򸺽
ˣЩ˶ѾˣҰֻǰȫ뿪ֻԸ˵ʱҶǿ̲סЩԥ˵
ҶͻϵʮɵĶҶǿ˵Ѿϵˣ㴦ҷǳ⣬ҾȥЩ˰ɣ
Ҷ׿ʼЩû뿪˺͵̻Ƶʱںк۰͸ĸۡУһЩͷĿһʼҶչ̵о
Ȼ۰ǰʮںǶڸ˵ǵÿά۹֮ڵͳΣҵϾҪսʱǶκεķ紵ݶҪ⡣īںĵ̾Ȼ˸ɲһС¡
ӥ۸磬˵ǺֻΪ˾ǵֱδе̫˰ɣһͷĿӥ̲סʵ
ӥ۵˵ͷ̾˿˵˭֪ǺǿҵֻСˣڿ󳡾ǸУò˶˾ͻǵģ
ӥ۵ĻһͷĿЩĵ˵ܽѾ˽º˴ɽףǵȫ˴һԶĺôÿ¶ʮķֺ죬ûĻǡ
ͷĿĻһͷĿҲ̲ס˵ӥ۸磬ǼʺĵطѾôˣΪû٣ⲻֵܼҪʵͷ̫ȻܹܽһʣΪʲôǾͲأ
ˣҪ˵ˣһῼǵģɽʱûпܣǸЩ̻ԿǣȻǮһܱīͣӥԼµͷĿߴߴôһ˵ģʱЩһ±뿪˸á
⼸ͷĿ뿪֮Ҷǽݶ֮ϵһƬźã뿪˸ӥһֱĶԺ֮ڡ
Ҫ˵ӥҲһĺİϴʮںΪҲĹϧ۹ıӲûκαʾӥҲǼΪջ뿪⡣ϧ
˵û뿪뿪ֻҪͨҵֶ΢ʹõֶΣͱɡ
Ȼô˵ԼֻҪžͻлᣬһֱȴһԼһɳĻᡣҲǸԶҲӥ۸ԸԼôҵȥ
ӥۻصԼԺʼƷƵʱͻȻıһŲתһȻһ
ӥֻε۾ҪȾơתӵʱͻȻһ˾ȻµǰһеӣͬҲƷԼŵơ
ӥ͵˿ֶԷľƱԼľҪ̫ǿˡΪ˿ɽ顣
ĳ绹Ҫģ뵽ӥҲֱӽԼľƵҶ׵ľùԼһ̲סʵˣǸոǺ򣬾̵īе̵Ǹϰɣ
ӥۿҶ׳ԼǰҲȣ̵ĺһھƣζѡ
ӥ۵ĻҶϵıҲǱζû뵽ӥ۱ԼĻҪѶԸһЩҲûʲôӥԽѲĽɫԽаնԸ෴ӥһһЩ֪Ǻˡ
Ҫ֪¶ΪȣҲġǴĻ¾ͻܾ˵ľٴ룬ٺõİ취Ҳֻùˡ
Ǻǣӥ۸磬ǴҾϲ˵СҪӥ۸罻ѣ죡Ҷ֪ЩͷĿͷĿܰӣԼԷһЩӵĻͺðˡ
֪ǲΪľƱȽϺӥ۵θڣҶ׵Ļӥ۶ʱЦЦ˵ҶϵܣҲɵӣʲôֱ˵ɣĻƺȹˣǾû̸ˣ
Ҷӥ۵Ļʱһֱ˵˵Ұīĵӥ۸Ѿ˵˰ɣҪӥ۸̸̸ĵ̣֪ӥ۸Ȥ𣿡
Ҷ׵ĻӥѾ׼Ҷ˵еĿģӥ۶ʱЦЦ˵ˣǸǻİɣܶ鴦Ҫī鷳ԡ
ûӥ˵Ҷ׾ʹӿڴȡһ˹ȥ˵ӥ۸磬һԸǰĳ𣬰۸ҶɣҾͲö˵˰ɣ
ӥۿ˿еĳƱ΢ЩΪѵҡҡͷƺǮ⣬û³𣬶ǼҶס
ҶȻ֪ӥôģּ˵ӥ۸磬ˣһǸӥ۸ģʮǸӥ۸Լõģʮϣӥ۸Сܴһ¹ϵԺܹðһЩ֪ӥ۸ҵ⻹𣿡
Ҷ׵Ļӥ۶ʱһ㶡ʮԼ飬ʮԼϵֱǲС˾Բǵ֮
оЩ֮ӥ۶Ҷ׵̷̬һٰʮȵĴתۣǺǣҶϵܣȻΣʮҾԲһģȻϵõϣֻҪǸĵ̺Ϳɽ¹ƾЩǲеģ
ӥ۸磬ЩȻѾˣīΪѾûǮˣͷϻдѵĳԹҵǲӥ۸ƶ棬׬ǮȻӥ۸ģ
ʲô׼ѳң²аɣӦôһʳԴأȻӥô˵ѾʼˡܹоҶѾ˵ȴĻᡣ
ӥϹƵı飬ҶȻһ۾Ϳ룬Ȥ˵ӥ۸磬˲˽⣬һ˽ЩѾҪ뿪۹ܶϵˣѵС㻹ˣ
Ҷôһ˵ӥ۶ʱЩˡǾովʱͻȻ񾳳ڵĴ󺺽סŶļ⵶ѾĲϡ
ǿߣӥ۶ʱɫ԰ף̲ס˵һ㡱ûġ
һʧӥۣҶ׶󺺰˰˵˵ӥ۸磬һֱҪ뿪ҪıķչҸΪЧ⻹һʱģ֮⣬һΪ̵ķã
ȻЩСǮҪһΪǿߣΪ벽ߣڵٹһǧҲûϣ
ȻΪʲôƴһѣɹԺдѺܣʧҲֻǰʮʱѵֿӻûܹ𣿡ӥԽԽʵҶڸһһ𡭡


һʮ ǳ
ô˵ҵˣӥմɤ˵һ仰
ӥ۵ıҶֻЦЦûʲôʾ
ãҴӦ㣬һ㴦õģֻǰ㴦õ̺Ϳɽ飬һĲ롭
㹻𣿡ӥ۵ĻҶ̲סϵ
ҶϵܣЩ㻹ǴôͽˣӥҶײٳƱݱҶ׿ʼ̸۵أĺ
ϿӥۺɵӣҶ뿪֮ӥ۵ıͱЩ׽͸ˡ
ҶҵˣпĸǬ˵ʵǲһЩԾɱ۹ǿһЩλһҴ󴬣Ҵ󴬲ȫҸ˦ҾһͿˣҶߺӥ۲ͣİҶ׸µƵʱͻȻ뵽ʲô
֨֨뵽ĳ֮ԭӥ۾ȻԭЩɵ۾ʱҲ˸ˡ
Ǭ֮սҿ϶ܾˣֻҪܹʱ価Լʵ˵ܹһʣʱѡһӪվסŸ˵ԺһԻһĵ
Ȼ̫ʧҲ޻ڴˣЩ֮ӥٴνȫָ֮ǰ޾ɵӡ
ӥ۵仯Ҷ״ܹоһЩоĵӥǿµģԶӥ۲̫ϣڻȽСӥۣԼȴǿһ¡
ԺܹܲͿԵ컯ˡ
ϣԺҪΪˣ뿪ӥ۵Ժ䣬Ҷ׺ܿͽԼסĿջĳԼļ򵥸ۡʼںԼܱߵС˲ţ̶һʱ䣬͸Լĵ֣ͬʱһոµĸۡҲҶһʼסĿջΧı
ҶײٺôܽҶ׽츮ۡʱҲǳһЩôȻǺģϣҶܹһʱ䣬һӶҪ߲źáĻҶϵǮƻԴԴϵĽ뵽Ŀڴ
ˣ㰲ŵѾˣô죿ʱ䣬Ҷǿ㽫°ŵľûʲôҪˣҶ׵ķȴҶ׵ָʾ
Ҷǿı֣ҶҲĵ˵ͷ˵Ҷǿ⼸㴦ĺܺãͲҪں򣬸ȥǳȥǳǵĳҵˣҪʰǮһҪϴһ²У
Ҷ׵ĻҶǿ˵ͷ
ԴӸҶ֮ԼǰֻСһЩСһЩ飬ľûҶôԶˡ
еʱϸҲúܶԡϾԺܹôǿ伶ԼһȻġĻ˼ĲҶףˡ
ãȥһ£˳ҲӥӸţעķ紵ݶһ֪ͨǣҶܹ뵽ҶǿʲôҲûȻǳε˵
Ҷ׵İţҶǿӦһ뿪ˡ
Ҷ˵һʱ俴ܳʵȴǳĶݣҪץһʱڲĸµʱͽں㿤Ҫִеĵˮ©
ͬʱҪǺѧԺϵܹʱȥӹǺѧԺĹϵôһ㣬㿤߾ͱҪһ֮֮Ѹٷչֹģˡ
Ҫ֪Ҷ㹻ǮȻܹܶ顣ҪЩǳףѾڲܹǬ˷ЩţҪá
ĻͨıҲǬǿŭˡԹǬߣҶ׻Ҫʱȥ࿼ǵġ
һʱ֮Ҷǿеһжϱȴջ档Ѿ˸Ҷǿ׼˲ˮ
оҶǿѾЩҶױ¥Ҷǿ뿪˺
ȻǺǳϽľģʵϺǳǵľʵȴȺҪǿںǳǵУīＸһ죬ǻ˼ѫҲҪ¡
ˣﲻֻҪͺѫ̸İɣѫϼ޻ʲô涼ѫ϶ӥôϹģһߣҶǿһ˵
ҶǿĻҶжԲЦ˵ѫ˼ӣҷǳ棬ںôûгǾͼԺ˴򽻵͸ˣǾǺ
Ҷ׵ĻҶǿƺ뵽ʲôûжʣǸҶһҴĿջס
Ƚ˵ǳĽֵ滮ͳнҪȺǿ˲ֹһܹľ÷չǿγӦںǳΧһЩͳͨ
һ·ҶǿǿŵԼһЩΪϸļƻ˵ҲҶͷҶ׹ĵص㲻Щôȥ˵ѫԼΪؼĵطĻ۹׸ȴˣ׸ܿҲ⵰ġ
ãһʱûаߣҲһЩջ񣬲ʱȥѫʱϢһ졣
ϾѫҲҪúһҸ͵ļھͿīܾܲǵϱѫˣҶ׺Ҷǿһľ¥úһ֮󣬱ҶǿصջϢ
ʱܽòݻʮĳסԼµ죬̽еİʮ͵ѫС
ѫһһǳˣϲԹ̫ͨġȻһЩԭϵҲǲġοҶѾܽΪһصصɵñӣѫȻ̧ȥƽЩ
Сܣ㴦Ĳֻ˿۵Ĳǲ̫ˣԼλϣѫһֱԼһЩ鱨ͷҲ̧ʵ
ѫĻܽʱһ֪ѫ˵ʲôˡһ뵽ѫЩĥ˵ֶΣԼողųͷӣܽĶͷͶʱ˴ѵ亹
ܽ΢ԥһ¸Ͻ׼õʮƱݸ˳ȥޱȹ˵ͷˣһΪǳǵϽɵģʮСТѫģϣѫܹСôķСܵ⣡
ܽ⻰˼ǳˣǾԼôںûйҲпͣʣµЩӦõõġ
ѫ˻֣ԼĸǮ֮Ц˵Сܣ˵Ҷ֪ЩȷʵҸ٣һöԪȥɣϣܹٽ
˵ѫһöԪĸĸԪܽܽϽл뿪ˡ


һʮ 
ܽѫʮֵֻᷳѫеʱ̫ˣЩΨͼɡĻ˵ЩǱܽߺѫ滹Щ޷Ƶķ
ܽһѫܽһūŵӻ̲סƺڷйԼеĲ
ѫĲߵĸ˹ѫ˵ˣܽô󵨾ȻҲвǲǡ
ѫҡҡͷ˵ū֪̰ƣܱЩ޵׶ǿֻҶ׾ʲôͷһҪȲһ£ܽԽԽʵҾбҪʵʱһѵˣ
ĸѫĻ˵ͷ뿪ˡ
ҶȻ֪ܽѫ֮侹Ȼֵô졣֪ҲֻһЦ֮
ȵ˲ʱҶҲǴһЩ˳ۡ档Ҷ׺ҶǿˣۡһӽǸЩջ˵λǳۡһܹģǲøԶ㣡
ۡôˣۡҲǵ
ȥ˵ҶҪº̸ҶվֻҪԼ΢ʹһЩֻܹ鵤ɵĻҡ
Ҳ֪ԼײʲôаˣȻĹʹܵۡҶױˡûѫĸԳҶ׺Ҷǿ˽ȥ
׼ѫҶ׵ʱﻹһ˵ľȡ
ѫϵı飬ҶЦЦ˵ˣǲǾұĻҪ᣿
ѫ̲ס˵ͷ˵Ѿ֣ܽû뵽һȻ󳬳ҵԤϣôǲʲôҪ̸أ
ѫôһʣҶ׵˵ͷ˵һҪ̸ģ֪ûȤ
ŶҶ׵Ļѫ̲סüͷ벻ǰԼ̸ʲô£ˣ˵ɣʲôҪ̸ģ̸ܹ⣬³ǳҵģ
ѫȻ֣Ϊ㿤ǵĳʲôûм˵ҶˡټܽһѫҶ׾ûʲôӡˡǳںҪҶףԼʲô顣
ҶƺѾϵʱЦЦ˵ǺǣȻȻ̸еĳ룬ֻʳںǳôʱ䣬ѵûзֺǳǵĶ֮𣿡
ţΪѫû뵽Լᱻһɡϲõıʱ¶ɡҪ˵ʱҶǿѾϢߵıͬʱԼΪ¶
ˣΪ粻ǱСɣȫҲǿͱ񾳴ɳƽѣҵǰʮαôأѫſ׼˵ʱҶǿѫ߾
ͻȻ֮ѫӦ̲ס˵ҵˣ
ѫĻҶװ˰ҶǿռѫЦ˵ǲҵ㲻ҪģǬѾ׼ҵ˿ˣ㿤Ǿѡĵط㲻ŵĻһõһ鱨
˵ţҶ׽һ齻Ҷǿתݸѫѫ˿ݣʱЩ˼Ŵ죬ôܣǬǺĲɿô˼Ըң
ѫĻҶ׺µЦţѫûŪףǬʵҪǿ٣㹻ʵڸͬʱһԸ㡣
⣬⼸귢չԽԽǿѾӰ쵽Ǯ۹λãǬҪȻҪңȥǮҵʵˣҲҪǬ˶һմģ
ұʲô㲻ҪǣӦǰΣɣҵԤϣҺܿͻ˽㿤չһЩаɱ˵жģ˵ҶԹԵĸԼһˮ̲סƷڵȴѫĻش
ѫȻﲻԸϣʵѾоһϵеı仯ˡһЩ鱨ȻûҶһݵôȫ棬ҲôĿˡ
˰죬ѫڵ˵ͷ˵ˣȻ˵ЩǳеǿЩҺ»ǲ̫Զˣܲ˵˵㻹ʲôƣ
ȻڵѫǳѫȻη壬ͬһԹһҶ׵ĸоǴ˿̾Ҫ࣬κϵĲ
ǺǣѫҲòȻҪҾ͸һɣҶ˵ű㽫һҸ߲е˳
һѫ񷢷һҶ˵㻹˵㲻ҵˣ½ҲֻҲбŪôĶ˵ô䵽еģ
ѫ˿̶ҶףĻĻҶƴġ鼤ѫǱҶǿصλϡ
ѫôı飬Ҷⲻһ󳰷˵ѫɵɵҵж㲻ƿͨ;õģеԭίͲܹȥ²ˣѫӦô
ѫ˿Ҷףڳһӹڵϲѵ˵̫ϳ٣ˡʧ񣡡
ڵϻ²ͣѫҶЦЦ˵ϣ㲻Ҫ˵ȥԺһ͸ģˣ
ѫƺڹصһ˲ʲôٴվʱѾȸղ϶ˣҶͷ죬֪Ҿʲô飿
Ҷ֪óĶҲóģӦýˡ
Ŀĺܼ򵥣Ǭ˿¸¾ͻᰲ˽뵽㿤ǣҪԸӦڿǬͻ֮ĦҲԽԽңǬΪ˹˼϶ĿŵԸңʱǾͰѺǳǸƯһ㣬ʱǺǳǾͿ֧Ԯң
ȻǾͿһĲʳڿеΪҵķΪͻƿˣҶֻǴ˵һԼ뷨ѫҲġ
Ҷ֪ƾ⼸仰ѫ϶ǲԼģ㻻һֿ˵ѫǺǳҪΪ˸ѺǳǽںʲôţҸ߲ˣѵЩ㻹ף
Ҷôһ˵ѫٲ׸ɴ಻ˡϽ˵Ҷӣ˵ɣô㣡
ѫڿˣҶ̲סЦ˵ãȻˣôҪ㶼Ҫһһʮʵãڲǿǵҿ϶ҵļ϶Խǵ̸ޱҪұܣʱޣķϻҾͲ˵ˣ


һʮ г
Ҷѫһ̸ֱϣ˲̸һͨʱ䡣ѫҲһסˣҶû˵˵ʱĵĵȴҶ׺ܶ෢ӵء߸ʱ棬ѫҶ׶Ҳһ˽⡣
ҶߺѫԴȻҶޱ˷ܵͻȻ뵽ǳһˡǸѾļѾʧ˺öˡ
Ҷѫļ˵ĹˣǿҶǿԱ߿һ϶ûʲô˵ĻᣬһֱޱȵơҶ׺뿪˺ǳǣҶǿȻкܶҪҶˡ
ˣô϶ѫİ鱣𣿡ҶǿȻΪҲЩСЩ漰ȨĶǵԾͲˡ
ҶЦЦ˵ѵǬҳΪ·ǬȻҪңҡǻֲܿҶ󣬻ҪҺͲȥǣҺǮңȻǬ⣬һȥҡһѫȨеһСôԱأ
ҶǿҶ׵Ļһʱ䣬ŴеĵҲͲˡ
ȨٻЩеҶǿҶֻܹεҡҡͷһЦ֮Ҷ׿ҶǿƲֵı飬Ȼ֪ɹˣϲֶթĻలο䣬ҶǿıָֻһЩš
ʱҶҲҪʼȥһжˡ
һ쵽Ѿȥʱ䣬Żʮʱܹ齨ԼСҵ۹ĿǰѾͨ˺ľ棬ǳǱҲѾһԽʱҶǿˡ
ôӦȥ㿤ȥ·ͬʱҲӦȥһЩͷˡ
ص֮Ҷ׿Լ΢ЩªĸۡѾʼˣǱҲţܹ̺֮õ߸Ӷ͹Ҷ׽ĸȽϺùܵĽҶǿĸȽϴͷԼߣҲȽϷһЩ
ЩӶ͹֮ǰҪȥ㿤ȥߡ
Ҫ˵½ܹҵĴͼ岻Ǻܶ࣬Ҳ٣Ծ̸ŷһӶҶһ鱨һĿǰں㿤ǳ۹ĸȽϴļ֮⣬ĴҲǶһˡ
Ҷν㿤ȻȥѾҽŷҡŷҺŷߵ̫Ļᱩ¶ԼһŷҾͻǺҶ׶ʧţһŷҵ׶ѣ̫ˡ
һҲȽѲһЩû̫󱳾ļǿȥһЩġҶȥ㿤ǵĿģһС̻ˡ
Ϊ˴ﵽĿҶ׻ֱܹǾ̸飬뽫㿤ǸһЩܹ˾Ļ̻̣ŻһЩûаȫеС̻ҪһҶױ뵽˰ɱ
Ӧ˭أһ㿤ǣҶױ㻯һӢүģԼӦһЩڣȥһЩıڴߡǱȽϿˡ
ܿһƬͨĵطͨͬǣв鵤ĸֳ䵱ڱʲôҶҲη壬ûߵԺ棬ͱ󺺸סˡ
ӣ˽סլⴳ룡˵һ鵤۷֣ҶǱ񾳣˵ʱȻֵأһЩֺõ˼
󺺵ĻҶ΢΢һЦ̾˵ǰһǮ˵иõط˵ܹһЩڣƭҵģҾͲˣ
Ҷ׵ĻϽҶ׺סӣǵһЩҾͲˣ룡
Ҷ׿˿ȡ˹ȥ󺺺лҶ׽Ժ棬ӵС
ڷŵĶһЩͨĶ뵽ȴһķ޵ޱɾĵصһֱͨ¡ҶҲԥԼ˽ȥ
һһЩ޺һЩŮĽһЩĵ˵Ƿ˿ڵĵط׳˿г
˵һг㿤һһļ˾ҵĲҵ嵱˾ҵĲҵǱȽϴˡƺ˾ӪĶҲǱȽϲ֣֮˾һӪĳĳԱ߾ǵ̡֪жٻ㸻ԣļͥΪ˾ĲҵŪļɢ
ҶһžͿһЩѹ·Ůվ汻ѡЩŮŪ˲ϵķ˵ˣһ˵Ǽ۸񲻷ƣԶԶԭļǮ
Ҷ֪ЩֻΪ˵һֶζѡûᣬ߶ܿͿһڵϵͯ
Щͯڵϣ˩һһЩǿŶ˾ÿҶ׿ȥʱһŹʣ˸Ͻܹ˵ү⼸ӿϵĻɫ㿴Ц۵ģƻһ⼸ŮͯȥʮĳŮûʲôֱ𡭡
˿Ҷ׻ûߣϽһŮͯĿҶüͷû˼˵ʲôҶױ뿪̯λһıӡ
ոڵģûǮүǲúҶԶˣʮֱ
ǰߣͯģٸġЩٸѾ̺ðľ׮棬˳ǮЩٸһ㻨ٶҪؼˡ
һЩЩɫٸһЩȽϳªŮҲЩªŮҪôЩգҪôǳԿͣȥ˻ǱȽϲѡ
Щ֮ܵ⣬һ߻׳ͶġЩȻûȫļⶼǳĽʵ׳ѡõĸӦûġ
ߵҶȤ
ĿǰϵĳϰڣһֱûҵǮĵطڿЩ׳ͶҶˡ
Ҷ߹һӷ׵ͷϽ߹ʵӣôҪһЩ׳Ͷȥ
ͷĻҶ׵˵ͷȻڿͷϽ˳Ҷ׵Ŀ⿴ȥ˼ȽϲͶϽܹȥҶ׽ܡҶҡҡͷƺǲ⡣̽ͷߣҶһĴһʼԼЩװͶﵱѡ
Щ׳ͶȻһӵȴΪСûԼǿ׳ܹӳսҲֻʮսֵһЩĶͯ硣
Щ׳Ͷͱľ׮ƾҶѡҲߡЩҶ߹ͺ񿴵һѡ


һʮ ϾŲϾ
Ҷ˿гһҪһЩ齨ᣬҪŪһЩ˵ԼլԺĻҪڶʱڰԼ̻鷳ĺء
СһôǸʲôҶѡ׳Ͷʱ˵ˡĻҶȻһЦſʼѡԼʵ֡
žžЩ׳ͶеҶȻҲһЩǵЩѾϣʱҡҡͷ
Ҫ֪ЩȻȥ˻ûģְȴ򲻿ɵġҶѡЩ˵ϴ£ŭĿԵģҶױʵͷ𣿡
ʵ仰ʱЩ׳ͶлܹһЩϣҶ׾ʹߡûôǻһעҲһˡ
ֻ𣿡ҶһȦֻҵԼģתҪ뿪ʱͻȻһ澹ȻͬҶ˳ȥľ׮澹Ȼһİˡ
ˣҶ̲ס˹ȥʼ
˻¶һһ飬ѾɵƤǣ˫۵ȴܹһӿų޵Ĺâ
˵ĲʺͷŭҶԥһ£ˡ
оҶ뿪ƴȴûаôֻܹٴλ콩Ŀľ׮˻
ӣ𣿡Ҷٴγǰ΢ӷ׵ͷϽ˹Ҷֺõ
ҪĸˣҶ״΢ӷ׵ͷһѡʱͷĿ͵һ񿴵Ǹˡ
ͷɫƣҶЩֵʵôǸ˲
΢ӷ׵ͷʮֵԲһϺһ˿ʱ¶ĿҶЦһû뵽ԷһСɵߡ
ƺһЩ̸ıǮͷ˵ҲӲСӣǸ˲ܹģûɣȻĻ˵żܵıڣͨıҲǸ˵ģ
˵ͷ͵ҶһѣϻŲ̵ЦһҶ׵ģʱڿȥˡ
ͷذɣ˵⻰ǰ裿ڶǱСɵĸ֣ƽʱ̻ҲţƺھȻ˵ǷȻưոݡοǵñǱԼĿˣԼĿ˵ǵ汻в϶ʱһЩջ
ûͷ֣ڷֱȥ
ͷڹʱһЦԼĿڴȡһƺڵһڳֵʱͷƺŽԼ͵ĺһھơ
ڱҪʱͷ͵һ磬ڵĻĿ˳һŨŨһͷ絽ڵϡڶʱоһոУһƤͷոš
ڸͱͷˡͷӷףֱۺȶȳ˴ϼ˫΢΢һ죬ץסڵ˫ۡ֨һڵ˫۾͸ͷŤˡ
ͷڵʱһҲǴӺһѿ쵶Ϻһʳ㲻ͣķһͷܹ˺Ƭһ
ͷҲᣬڱڵĵѾǰʱͷеĺ«ǰһͣâ˺«档ûȱڽٴι뵽еıмʳ㽫ͷ˺Ƭͷ͵һȻӿڵľֱӵ˺«ϡ
һ˲«Ȼһֱڵ塣û뵽ͷӦô죬ҲǱһյ壬һӱһ˿ʼش
ͷ±˻ˣֱӽڵ˫ȸ۶ϣ˹ӵһߣЦҶףСӣ׳ͶҪ˫£ǸɫûʲôҪʣҹԶԶģƤҾͻɫһˣ
˵ͷָָԱڵϵڣһͬӡ
Ҷû뵽ͷôͣ¾ͰԼıڸɲзϣԭϵĵҲʧӰ٣Ȼ˹͹ӡ
úãǮͣҵڱǸӣӦô찡Ҷһ߶߶µĴԼĿڴǮһװĿڡ
ʱͷԽԽˡװһͬҶ׵ĨһҶ׵ƨ˵ˣ㳤ôΣ˯һϣʱЩҶƽ
ͷĻҶԭҪôƽһ뵽ͷԼƨɣĻڵһˡ
ͷеʱ򣬾͸оԼĴԺͻȻ
žžȻĶ洫ԺǰĶҲģͷʶԼ˴ˡ
Ͼ𣿡ͷҡҡλεĿҶ̲ס˵
ȻҴ㣬ô㻹Ӳ˵Ҷֻ߹ȥֱ߶ͷĵȡ˲ͷļ㴫г
٣ڣڼеͬʱͷ̲סʺһҶס
Ҫ֪ҶȫұˣǷǳеġͷĻҶٴͷߣ˫һ
֨֨ԴԴϵͷʮָ֮ϴ˳գ֮䣬ͷʮָͷͷʮֺҶ׸ȶˡ
ͷоô㻹𣿡Ҷ׿Ŵ˿ѾʹѣͬҼĵͷһĿʵ
ȥ
ͷҪʱҶ͵һŤͷһ첲֨һͷһ첲ֱӱҶ׸ŤϣŤɵ黨ĹͷҲ˼ʮˡ
͡һһѪͷĸ첲˳ͷ۾գգҪˡ
Ҷٴγ֣֨һͷһ첲ҲҶŤ黨һͷǱҶ׸Ƶķˡ
ҶٴοͷʱͷûˣǿʹЦ˵ӣĺãϧ£Ҳͱ뿪ʱıҸҵģ
˵ͷǿЦ
ʱ򣬹Ȼ߰˸񾳵ǿ߳߾ۼһӽҶ׸Χȥ
ŵͷЩǿߵͷĿʱ΢΢һ㶸ϽʵϾţôһŪ
ͷĿһʣϾŶʱƿڴСҪ͵ҾǸ˵ҲãҴڣ֮ҾͱˣϽСץ˺֮ôʰ
ϾŵĻû˵꣬͸оԼ˫ȺһֱӱҶ״ϰ˺
ͿѪȪһϾŵӿ
˵һֲֻϾŵƴϾŵɤ﷢˺ѷεĺС


ٶʮ Ͼź
϶ҿŵ㣬ôŪЩ˵ģҶװϾŪз֮󣬿С̲סЦǼҪģ
СʵϾǿǿϾžôҵԼĸǰִС̲סͷ֪ǰ˲öԸ
뵽СϽԼĶұ˳Сӣ˾ҵĵ̣øٵҡ
СĻҶһű˹ȥСû뵽Ҷ׾ȻĳˣѾˡҶһŽСͷĿ߷ɣ뿪˿гЩ׷ɾûˡ
ҶߺСϽϾĨҩϧϾųû֮⣬ϵ˿ڣ΢һ¾죬۵һŤ˿һ߱ͿҩһϣС˵ôûãǸ˵ôˣ̫ʧˣ
ϾŵĻС΢΢һϾŸоһɿ̹ĵʹ
ҶײߵˣѾ˿гתһȦŪҹ˾ʱֻˡ
ֳ˷粨ķͱøܣм۷ǿѲߡ
ϧǵķӦٶȸҶһ롣Щ˸ոշӦҶ׾Ѿ뵽˿г档
һ뵽ǸӷͷϾֶ˼ζЦݡ
ܰʱϾѾҶзˣΪ˿гǱֵࡣ˿̵Ͼžû˫ۺ˫ȣƾԼǿڵ֮ƴš
ͻȻ֮˼øоϢһܿúݻԾͷϾͶһЩ顣˿˫ȵĻҪҶ׹ˡ
ҸˣܲܲҪĥˣϾŻΪҶҪŪʱڵϲͣ
ͷȻ˹ɣҶҲǳһЩЦݡҶ׵ı飬ϾŻ̲סһ㼦Ƥ
ʱҶ˵ˣϾţ
Ҷ׵ĻϾŸϽ˵ͷ˵ҵȻˣ
Ժ͸һ죬ȻóԺúȣʲôǰ;Ͼһ˫ޱȿ˫ۣҶ׶ʱ˵
Ͼû뵽Ҷ׻˵һһ뵽һܵҡҡͷҶϸаЦݣϾֲͣĵͷһҶ׿ǰϾŸŪɵˡ
˵ɣ﾿жˣжٿԷ˿ڡûеȵϾŷӦһֶҶ׵˳
Ϊ֮ǰҶ׶ϾѾ˾ԵѹҶʵЩȻͺýˡ
Ŷû뵽˻Ƕ࣬Ҹʱ䣬˶ҼЩ·ҾͰƽûɣֻʣݿõϾţҶ״ζЦʵ
ϾŸҡͷֲͣĵͷ
ϾŻӣҶЦ˵ɵĺãұָ֤ܹԭɵĲãıȰҰٱģȴ￪ʼȥɣ
Ҷһ֣Ͼűһ˳ȥΪֹҶҲ㲻ϾΪʲôôƺڵϾűֽŽȫϾŻҪһЩ
ѵ϶ϲŰһ뵽Ҷȫһɶ񺮡
Ҷ׿ʼ˿гط˹ȥ
ҶڵʵȫʩչǱ۷ĸҲһ֮ڣԲһʱ˿гȫҶ׸εˡһ·ϿЩԼǰҫıǿȫǱҶһŤϲӣ麣ϾŵϱһЩЦݡ
˵ǰҶףôڿʼҶ׾ˡЩʬϾŸ͸𾢶ˡ
һʱӣϾžİ˼Ǹ͵ƵҲСɲôԸģһһ߻ֵġ
СˣϾű㻹䣬СӣԺˣٲñﱻŰˣڲߣСҰ¾Ʋˣ
ȻҲЩ£ǹһ
ϾҲż˺ƺƵҶ׵ĸǰҶ֮ɨһȦּɵɱ֮󣬱߳˿г
ۣ
˺ʿԼϾȴףҶҪɣҪ㿤ǳһؿ
Ϊ˿гһ˵Ĺ˿гȻǽƶƶǸһޱȸߴĳǽǼ⸽ȻһͰĳΪ裬ڳſվһ۷ǿߣһεĿϵǣҪ裬ȴɤ۶ǿɬġ
ʱһ߽ͨͨ۷ǿ߿˿̲꣬סʵСӣҪȥ
ָָ˵Ҫǣ
۷ǿ̾˿˵Ҳǣϧϲ룬㿴ⲻҲ
ǻ˵۷ǿһ԰˵ôسǵأΪʲôûͨһʱǿ߲ŷЩԾǰꡣ
ƺױ۷ǿߵ˼ЦЦ˵֮кȤһӶʲôֱ𣿡
۷ǿĻһ֪˵ʲôˡ
ʱֻ˵ҽҶעı˵ˣҿԿ϶㲻ˣѾȫɱ߻ܹĸһЩ϶·һ
Ҷ׵Ļ۷ǿ߾Ȼһֲ˼ϵһѪɫıѾסԴһѪ˿Ĳǿܹоǰ굥յʮֵȳƣһѪɫֵвһѵһʻһ
ãҸ㣬˵ѻƭңһҵЩֵܳģܲϵ˿ڱ׹οǱǿ߻Ȼվ
һоԼѾһأվһ
ţ۵ͳĺһԹԵԿ׽Ŵ󿪣Щ˿гġƷ˳ȥѾвǣҶһҲһƥúȥ
һ뿪㿤ǵƶź򷵻ء
˾ҵ˿гһҹͿգȻ˾ҵ˺żȴûԸ顣һ鱾ϲ̨棬˾壬һ⣬м嶼һ
һ˾ֻںзֻҪܹҵ֣ͻԷһǧΪɱ־ͽһڳ
һҶ׵ͷʼϺеаĩλˡ
磬ҶõҸ鱨ʱ϶ʱ¶һ˿εЦݡ
û뵽ҵͷôһǮһüŬˡ


ٶʮһ ҵС
ˣ㾹ȻŪôˣǰƣҶǿе㲻š
ҶѾϵҶǿַӦָǼ˵⼸Ҳ˵Ҳ֪˰ɣһۣһϾţ
Ҷǿ۾û˫˫ŵϾţֿ˿ǿۣʱҡҡͷ˵ˣŪʲô
ҶǿĻҶĸ˶Ҷǿ˵ﻹĸأ
ԼһЩɣҶ׿Ǹȫһһ飬
Ǹˣ⻹ưһվһǱڵϵǸˡҡһҶǿͻȻܱϾҲһ˲ˡ
ȻҶĸ̥ҽܡĸ˰Ҳ˵仰Ǹ˵˾໰ֳ
Ҷǿܲס˶Ҷ˵ˣͷİɣĸصͱˣ
ҶǿģҶײǿЦЦ˵ǴӴԺС͹ˣ۰Ҫ鷳Ҳ򣬳ʲôҿţЩˣҪڰ֮ڽ̻˵Ҫ֪𣿡
˵ţҶҶǿĿڴһ
ҶǿųƱݣ뵽Ҷ֮ǰѾİټϺôĲҵ͸еˡ
ˣİɣȻ˲ٲмҶǳ⣬ǾѺã㿤ٸһƱˣҶǿô˵͸ˡ
Ҷǿô͵͵͵Լ½ɵĸۡ棬ҶҲһǴ˿˾ĸۡ棬˾೤ȴΪ׷״
峤ǵĲҵ󲿷Դ˿гǵһҹ֮ʧʮǿ߲˵ļٺҲȫûˣγϻ׷ǿҪùģ˾һϿּҵ峤һ˵
˾Ҽһʧڵĳ𣬶ʱȹϵϲͣڷȥ겻ᡣ
˾ֱ³ϣûкͳ˵سͷĿߵİ˾ڷ˼̲ס˵
˾ҵĻ˾ֱ¸Ƶ˵峤˵˾飬ܲϣҳ˵ˣǸɵǼ˵Ĺû׷ǵξͺܲˣ
˾ֱµĻ˾ҲһͷԵڵϡ
˾ҳһŵʱһ껺Ĵ˽꣬˾ҵ϶ʱԼλվһָҶ˵ʶˣǺϾŷìܵǸСӣ
⼸ͷӵĻҶ׶ʱЦһЦͻȻӵ½˶ʮһ֪Ϊʲô⼸ͷӶʱͬʱոתӵ˾ͽһӾȻڵȫûһ֮ơ
⼸СˣҶ̲ס˵ǶúÿҳʲôΪһͳͳҪ
Ҷ׻ʱеѪҲ˲֡
⼸񾳵ǿһոӣͱҶеѪ׷жϺǵ麣ơգۼ䣬⼸˾ĳϾͱҶ׸ɱˣ˾ǱҶһڵϡ
һҶһ˾ҵļ䣬֪˾ŲƲλãԥĽԴеࡣĻͿ˳µĽ˾ĲƲ뵽ԼĿڴˡ
ڳȻһЩܱһǮûеǿӵصҶ̲ס̾˿һ̵뿪˾帮ۡ
˾ҼϺ峤˾˵ʱը˹Ϊͻû˹飬һļô߽⡣
Ϊ˾ܵ֡ƽ㿤ǵһЩСʹķּҶʼΣ
⣬Ҷ׸㵽ϢʮС峤ͳҪһطֽܵĶԲߡȻطʱɵСˣΪ˴֮䶼ǳҵĺϵǵĺܼ֮ܿ𣬵ǵľ£ڸҶ״һЩᡣһҶ׾ͲҪһȥʰǽЩ˵еһЩͷˡ
Ȼյ㿤һǳľ¥ͱһ㵽㶼һ㣬緹ʼ衣Щ˾Ҷһ
Ҫ뵽¥˶Ҫݵġ˶ӣô̻ûһͷģЩӵΪˡ
쵽ϵʱ򣬲ʮ̻ͼ峤ͻ᳤ˡЩһĶǱˡ
ۻԽԽңϾҪɳԺȴʱͻȻһ۴ǿߴȺ֮˳һ֪Щ˵ʵļ峤ȫ
ȫһֱ˹˹֣λ˾屻ѾЩ̻ͼĵһҰˣ֪λʲô뷨أ
ȫĻЩ˶ЩˡǺ£ЩľˡαǵбȽȨƺ͵λ˾ңǶȥ顣ϾЩ˾;ųϵھϵļ̻ᣬֻǾĳ̶жٶѡϣ˾ұҲ
ǻ˵ˣ챻Ĳ˾ңأ뵽ЩֶĬĬǶϣԼļܹƽ׬Ǯ㿤ԽԽȫˡ
ȫ㲻Ҫ˾ˣлֱ˵ģĬһ֮һ̻Ļ᳤̲ס
᳤̻Ļȫ˲סһ᳤̻ۡҲǲʾĺȫһ£ͷʲôҲ˵ˡ
ȫһݺݵ˵֪ΪʲôЩ̻ͼΪЩǵжΪĴΪһ˽ÿ춼Ͳļ壬ֻ̻ʣһźأ˵ǲǣ
ȫĻһЩ̻Ļ᳤ͼ峤ĬĬͬǱȴвұʾΪ֪ЩҶܲˣ˵Լ˵ĵˡ
ȫЩ˳ЦЦ˵ôҲ˰ɣҿԴ󵨵ĸǣǻֱ½ĻЩ˵еһ
˵ȫеһڶ㰲ȵ˻ȥ֮վҪͷҪ֪ǹͷ񣬲۹壬лǶءΪЩͼҲǻ
ʵʵĿܻڻ֮ľвͣĽ£һЩµļ̻һֱûб仯Ļôȴǵվһ


ٶʮ Ϊ潡
ȫһڶ֮֮󣬾һЩʵȽǿ峤᳤̻վһԴǵ˵˿Щ˵Ļ취ȥѰ֣ǸԼơ
һȺСˣбȥǰȥһЩ峤᳤̻ĭһЩС峤᳤ֻ̻ܹ渴ͣ
ʱ䲻̫ã˵Թйϣ׼뿪ˡ
׼뿪ʱһòͨ꾹ȻҡڵĴȺ˳㿴ңҿ㣬վҲûϳ꾿˭
ʱһµȫүһȺվҶ˵СӣѲĸ᳤̻˽ӣĸٰɣôôأ˵ûС˵ķݣ
ȫûȰѻ˵ͱǰһ˺ü⣬ȫ˫ð⣬֪ˡ
ȫ϶ѵǲ˾˵˵ףѵ㲻Լһȫʮͣȫ񱻴ɵһվԭط
⡭ȫ㶣Ļ˵ʲôû뵽ԼȻᱻһСӴôءǵӦʱ˶ʼЦ
ȻǶֻЦЦû˵һЩȫƽƽ˿ɾͲӣЩȫıʼڿ
ȫӦʱ͵ǰһץסҶ׵ҪҶ˫棬ȵվȫǰȫȭͱҶһץסֱۡ
ȫôҾҪʲôأ˵Ļܹ⣬ٳҲٰɣҶ˵ʱֱۻĽ֧ȫ屬Լ棬ʱԭڵȫʱû˰ƣһվҶ׵ǰ
˻
һ˶Щ˼ˡ
Ƕ֪ȫȻʵǿٶ񾳴ɣȫΪ׵ͬ˵ҵڱ۹ʵ˵ںͺ㿤۷ǿߣԲЩСܹġ˵۷ǿ棬һӶһȥġ͸ˡ
ǶһЩΪ˲ŶϲķʽҩӵΪ硣һܶĵȻƾ츳ʱ佫Ϊȥֵһ㶼廨ͷϺÿʵȴǲݰһȫֲݰɫ
ֻǰѾǵԤˡ
ˣҪʹ̸̸ˣҶ׽һȫԱһӣ΢ЦĶ˵
֮ǰֶΣЩ˶ٲһЩȤ
Ҷ֪ƾһʱСֶθЩˣȴʱǴһ棬Ϊļƻ׼Ҷ׿ʼԼԤ׼뷨˵˳λ˾ұǶ˽˰ɣҸҷЩ鱨۹塢㿤ǿأԼ̬ȡ
֮⣬ҲҪһҶҪں㿤仧ˣ¸½ҹȥȲ裬ϣĵʱյʱظһЩ棡
˵꣬ҶһȹӶ˽鱨һ͵Щ᳤̻ͼ峤СһЩʹ̻Ļ᳤Ҷ׶ĳ
ȻǮ࣬˲֣˿˿ĳ뿪˾¥Ҷھ¥һ֡Ҳû̫⡣ȫͬΨһҶס衱ˣҪһһЩӡ
һصں㿤ǵеĸۡʼ˼顣Ȼϣҵļ϶롣ټȫƾһܹ˵˵ı£ڳļǿ߶˲ס˵ͷΨǸӶĳһֱĬʲôûһ
ȫЩ˵˵أûʲôӦ
峤ҽ첻ƺǰа߻ħ뼸٣˵װŶӵӸп˵
ã߰ɣȫû뵽ȻôûʲôøУǴԣˣҲʡһġ
˭֪߳ԭʹıʧӰ٣ȡ֮ľȻһĽš
ʱһͻĳǰǰˣͻȻѵĻӲ
֪Լǰ˵Ķֱͣǰʵ˵˾ҵļϺ峤ˣֳңѵɱ˾ҵˣ
ҶԭΪЩ̻ĶһѷڿһģȻˣҽȻɱǵģδؾͰ㣡
ŶҶ׵Ļԭ񾭾ȻɳһЩͻȻЩ˼ʵˣĻлǾͲҪ˷ʱ䣬ֱ˵ɣ
˵һ棬϶ΪҶһʲôһ񾳳ڵǿ߶ܹʰǵϸ۲Ҷ׵ʱȴҶµĵط˵ģ˵Ҷ׳ֵʱû¶һ˿Ͳһܹʱά̶ֳȻԣʱ䳤˻Ҫ¶ġ
֮⣬ԼִеľоԽˣԽܹ䲻ɱͬʱһֱҲڰԶꡣֻܹĳ߲߲
Ĳ²⣬Ҷ׶Ŀȴڸոյһʱ֮ڸıġ
˵ȫͬϺȻҪɱҸ߲һɱʱıԼԭȵļƻ
뵽Ҷ׿˿˵ұҲһ壬ϧܶ嶼һЩʵҩӣĵһһѾʧȥ˻
ûв´ҿòϼʮͻû䣬̲㻹һЩ֪ûȱĻҪЩ֮һϣҾ͸һᣬͿûˣҶװѻ˵زͿôѡˡ
ɱʣأ
Ҷ׵ߵУ˺һᡣͻȻһ
֮ڼ嵱һֱûнΪûҲΪûʵΪ̫ѭĹأ̫ʵ̫ϲΨǴӣûһӺݾ
෴ȫЩĶãŻͷȥϧȫ̰̫㣬ҼĻǿһֱλϣעһᱻЩ֮⡣䱻ɱԼԽأ


ٶʮ նɱȫ
ã˵ɣô˺һеĵͬʱͨһҲǰ࿴
Ҫ֪ڵȻҲǵ۹Ĵ壬ϸ˵ֻܹǶ忿εʵ
˵ҺŷˣǱҶҪܶࡣҶ˵ǵļѾʼûˡμһ֮˵ҼļֵĻҶҪױ̲ġ
ΪһСͳڸĸػеȻԸ⿴ķҪˡʱ򣬶ΪʲôʱͷԷҶ׵ĻΪɸʵ֮һ
Ǻǣܼ򵥣ҽȥȫ˳ϸɱˣİ취ġͻȻ¶һЩ̵ʱҶѾԼļƻȫʱȫͻȻһǳľľȻĴҶ׾߻صС
һˣ˵ĹȫͻȻһ㶣϶ʱһЩջı飬ڻʲôѾӭˣ㻹ǻؼҺúϢɣ
˵ȫֹЦûаһʵ΢ǿһĹ͹Լ΢ɫܹƽ
һȫЩƴˣȫҪ˵̸۵ʱһֱԱվŵȫͻȻһĹȥһɫͻȻҲԲ峤ղȷʵγȥҲûջ㿴Ұ˭ˣ
˵ţȫ̽Ҷ׸˽ѾҶףȫϵıҪྫжྫʡϽļ˵û뵽㻹һ˸ɵ飬ȿȣ˼ҹȥһֱûа㵱￴
ȫҲ΢ЩݵֱӾҶ׵ĸǰڶμȫûеһμôˡҵҶֺʱ̲ס
ԱߵΪҶڿЦڿȷʵȫϵһӰ
ȫ˿̿ûиоʲôġ˿ʮֽʵҶףʱЦһ˵Сӣ˵һʱдôڻ̸Ϊȫثְ
˵꣬ȫ˰˵ȥƣ֪֪أ
ȫĻЦһϻЦݵ˵峤Сܰ͵峤ԳģѵΪСȥ峤ҿǣ˿ĻΪ峤ˣ
㿤ǻǵһôȫ˵ͬʱҲһθȫ¡ȫһЩССˬͬʱҲĿһں㿤ǵļֵˡ
˵ҵһǿ߲ǰ׽еġ
ȫĻһ£ǾΪߵҶ׵ǰԼȫڷֻܹ˻ȥһԵļҲ¶һӵĿ⡣
λϣҵСǰҴͰɣ˵ţȫָָһҵĳԼ͡
ȫôͻȻָҲЩġǱҶһ˫ܹԼ˺һ۾͸ˡ
̲ס˹ûж֮ǰŵʵС˵ھ¥ִҼ𣿡
ΪԼ˵໰ܹѹסҶסϧ뷨ҶǰЩ̫ˡ
ôһʣҶ׶ʱЩνЦһõ峤ҴĺͷһǾܹǾùʵĻ͹ҰɣǾòʵĻȥȫּ鳤λãִ˷ּҵ峤ҲֻĨڵģ
㣡ҶֻǺҵĳ϶˶㳹ײ³顣Щϸоͷһѣβò˼ǿվȡ
ȫ㿴ĵΪҲ²Ż˲һģԼҶ׷ǳģ仰ͰȫĻ
˿ȫûȥҶףǰĿ⿴ҵϡͬʱҲȫһֱĵطڽҲбҪú̽̽ˣϣһСӸղ˵Ļǲģ
ҵĳû뵽ȫǵûаԼŭҶϣԼüĿ˿Ҳ˰أڰԼеʵ˵˳ȷʵģһֱܾˣϧļҵףҪôǸܹˣ
˵ҵĳϾȻСĿҵĳԼλɫһһס
ʱȫߵһҳͻȻվߵЦҳߣûǸϷӦһžͽҳ߷ˡ
ȫĸͻȻЦһűԼ߷ɵĳϣЩջ˵϶ں񿤳̹ˣҪ뿪˰ɣҾ㣬ҪʵݺǼˣ
׷ɣʲô£ȫĸϷ׷ɴˣҲҪվѯʾ
ʱȫĸͻȻȵ϶ѵҲҪһ峤𣿡
ʱȫҲվ˵׷û֮ǰں㿤˽̹ҷ֣ҿ㿤Ǵ˼ʮҲǹûкƽϣ˭֪Ȼҧһڣһһġ
ҪĻǰӦô˵ȫְĿ⿴Ҷס
ȫ֪Ͽָˣֻܹ˿Լĸʹ˸ɫѵҶˡ
ȫĸ׼ڵҶ׵ʱͻȻı
Ҫ˵ʱͻȻоһѷļѾ̽СѼ⵶˺üȦ麣ȫ˲Ŵ˳
գ֮ȫĸ͵Ѫˡ
Ҫ֪һıǿ߾㿳ͷ­ûн麣Ļ廹ŹȻתָ֮ǿߵһ麣ûˣôʮŰ˾žˡ
Ҫ˵ʲôȫǰһĻʱɵˡҪ𱰵һ٣ͻȻѾǰ
͸оԼԴһӴӲϵ綼һ߸ˡͿĵ̽Լ麣ǳװԼϾɱˡ
ȫĸ֮̽׷ɸԴǸ˵׷ǰղίˡ
λǰСʵڲҼų²ߣϣλ¡


ٶʮ ǰƽ
ȫɱ֮ӳƬ̵
ֹܿʧ׷ɲŸ̾
ͨ׷ɲһСʱҵĳϲ֪ԭȫһ֮便ܹ˶ټĲƲǽɱˣں㿤ǵЩҲҪܹġ
ʲô㣿׼ǻҪ˼ϾǼǿ߶ѾˣĿǰ˵ϣ֧ľˣҵļһ쵰ûָˣؼʱ̣⼸Ȼƫ̻ɱȫĶˡ
һȫƵǸ˵ͷϣλҵҶףȫҴһģĿͶҶϵʱҶصЦЦʱλϲһֻҶ׾ȻѾȫλˡ
ֶʱҵĳϷ׷׵һû뵽һе⾹Ȼֻһʮģˡ
ȻҵһЩ»Ҷһʱ䣬һȫҵĸȫնݳһЩ絹ǣͷҲҶҶ׳֮£ں㿤ǵҾȻһƬǰδеĴþ
Ҷףû뵽㾹ȻôʵҶͳǧüͷҲһ£ͻȻǰԽˡ
ưʵּεĻҶҲԴο˵֣ҵʵҲǿԼȥ׬ģľֻ̫СˣԸĻǿԽ۹ΪԵ壬ǵԽԽ󣬵ʱҪŻҲû˸ˣ
ŻûŻڵһݲҵм˶СĻҲˣѹôʱҲûʲô˼ˡ
ҿ˰ɣȻһǲܹôϾ˶һǲģȻҶֻǴ˽һЩͯ飬ĸоϼĿУҶȻûж˵ʲôϣܹúõİλᡣ
ȫûи֪壬Ҳû⹫ѾЩѽڵĵطȡõİ취ӣһֱӵԼǿΪֹ
磬˵Ǽʱȫȥشİš˵綼һֱ˳Ĭ
ʵ飬̻ᶼǱſֵ̬ȥ˽ģûĸȫ˵ص㣬Һ˾һˣҲһЦ֮ġ
Ȼ֮˾ѸٱҸ̲ҵ֮˾˶õ˷ǳİáλʾ˹ע
ȻҶ׺ҶǿںıߣҲǱֳ㹻ĹϺͺǿжǵļƻǰһɡĽڷҶ˵һõĳɼˡ
һҶײͺǳǽģī͸Ͻ۰ϳ˺ôһͳҶ׵ˡ
Ҷںǳĳɼ֮⣬ҶҲں㿤ǸҴĽһСѾʼ齨Ҷˡ
Ҷ޵ЩСһЩܵصģ߱ϳŵĵӲҪ㿤ǴһԼصġϧ㿤֪֮ǶôҸʵǶôпˡԵҶ׿֮Щ˶ͬҶ׵ҪҶ֮ŵǽԼȨ޾͸Щϲˡ
ֻҶ֪Ȼܴ󣬵δʵ̫ãˣһǬĴҶҺ׾ͻ֮𡣿ȡţһŬαʵͬʱҲδԼ
һʮһת۾͹ȥˣڶʮҲβһҶ״߰˸񾳵ʿҶšƹҶ¡ҶҶɢһʮ˽뵽ҶȲúõĵط
ЩҶϾţƹǸϾŴĿȫһϢˡҶ¡ҶҶɢҶڶǿ׳ͶѡȽԵġЩ˶ԺصҪĶ
Щ˵ΪҶ׸˴鵤ҩϾЩб仯һ⽫ʮ泤һ˫ոµֱۺһ˫ոµ˫֮⣬֮;ϵĵڶҶ׻߹δһ֮пͻƱ۷ﵽ벽ǻʾϢҶžȻһľ괺ĸо
ƹɰû֪ѣʱˡ
Ҷ׽ǣŻҲű˽Ҷ¹õĸۡСһõĸۡһסôЩ֣ʱ䳤ҲȻϰۡסˡ
ʵں㿤һЩСÿ춼ƲģһЩСļÿҲа㿤ı˶ѾϰΪˡ
ҶҲץסϲʵص㣬ڰҵʱ˰һɷ̯λȻﲻֵǮȴò˼סҶšͬʱҶҸһЩҶŵĵҲӦҵ
˿ҸۡеźҲǳοû뵽Ҷ׾ȻԤĻҪ
ʱ洫һ챨ܿһּҵĿ첽ܽϢĴ档
ôܵôţʲô龡˵ɣּ˻ŻŵӣЩͷ˵
ˣμҽ˼ݵĻߣЩ˳ַǳݶǸڶμΧ˼⼸˵ˣڲ˴μҺܿǬͨһҪּҲȡǳʩˣּ˹ڵϣͺ񳴶һͻͻͻһ˵һѻҲüͷʼ˼ˡ
ǬѾԽԽͲסԼҰˣҲãԽǼҵĻԽ࣡ȻڵЩܹоҲԸǬһλᡣ
Щ֮ԼĿڴͳһƱȥּŵ˵İǸֵܼİѣķָһЩһС־͸ǸƽյĻʳɣ
ּŵ˽ƱݣеĸɾֶһЩ
ڡּŵߺ󣬼ĸҲ˴С
ˣ˵ǣϸˣǲǬǱѾжˣ⼸˶ǻߣһûж˵ʲôĵȴָ
˿ҲЩŵġ
Ҫ֪ȥǬ˲ֹһ㣬һΪ鲻ΪȫĸоҶ׵ĳ֣һЩʤϣȻҪȷԼÿһƻˡ


ٶʮ ŷҵ
ǬѾ۹ԵʱҶں㿤ǵҲһҵ
ΪҶһЩҵʩʹõõҶҵЩһҵܵٵؾĺõصһЩҲ׷׹ˡһʱҶҾȻΪ㿤̽һƥ̼ҺͼҲ׷Ҷ̽
ǡǡʱѫ˸Ҷһݲֹ۵鱨鱨֮ҶԼλϾþò
Ҷصı飬ҶҲšһһʮֵĲܵҶйìܣҶ˫˫ȣҲ˰ϵƿڻҶôأԴҶŻǷǳҶ׵ģںܶʱҪΪҶ׶ֵһЩǳ
Ҷ׽е鱨֮һ֮̾˿ʼԼľȫ˼ӦЩˡ
Ҷڽ˷ζ˼ϾŸϽԱʵˣǲǬǱߴʲôõϢˣ
ҶŵĻҶ׵˵ͷ˵Ǭ»ڽڶҶˣʱܻǳȻѾгΪѵƣʱܹȫǡ
ʱ䣬ҵǿҺ֮ì񣬵ȵҺҾʤǳֵʱˣʱǵҲӦüӿˣ
Ҷ׿νǼӿٶ㿤һЩС̻ͼ壬γһŷҲͳͳŹһҪҶҳҲҪһҶұӵıˡ
õˣЩͽˣŷѾҪȥˣҶ׽һĴ߸ҶŵʱҶҲǴԼĿڴȡһӲӵݸҶס
Ҷù̲סζȻ½ͷ̻ᣬֻһССܹ߽ĵơǵƷ͸ӵĶ˶Ŀˡ
˵Ҷ̲סЦЦ㽫һװԼĿڴ档ͬʱҶ׽飬ҲǳԲĸˡ
ҶߺҶ׿һд̻ͼжδĹ滮ҲԽԽˡ
û뵽ŷҾȻô£ңѵұ£Ǳأ˿ʱ䣬Ҷ׾ûúܱϻ˯
ʵ˯Ҫһ˾ҡ˼һЩҹϵشҪ֪Ϊ˶ԸҵģЩϴ󣬿¾һʱ֮ܿǰһжǰ
ʱҶ׵˼һţܿҶױԼ׼ŷں㿤ǵ˶ۡ˵ڿǳ˻ͳĸ֮ۡ⣬ŷĸۡΪݻˡ
Ҷ׵һ뵽ŷҸۡʱһЩ޵ŮӳܿҶױ̴ӵ֮½뵽ĴСҶ׽뵽ͬʱŷҵ̴Ҳʮĺ㿤Ǻ̻ҶҼҶ׵
ŷ̴ӵĻǳ˶˲˵ĿͱҶ׵ϡ
ȻҶ״ıȽϳɣĵӺ̻ͷ˵Ǳ˲ٶٱˡ
ʱŷŴĺȳҶ˹û뵽Ҷ峤ĻҪᣬ氡
ˣǲǽԼˣҵøŷգıŷգŷȻǴ˵еô˧ʣȴҶԽԽ˳ۡ
ƺֻҪʶһҶףںҶ״к֮ȥطдĿˣҶװһλÿʼƵƷζ
ʵôһĿҪ͵顣Ͼܹ뵽Ĳ۹Ļ壬ҲȻһЩСҶһЩǰһԶһҪԱˣһҲҪĶʲôĻɫ
Ҷ׻ڽζʱһȽϹ죬ޱܵ˻ߵҶ׵ߡȻ˴ӴϿʲôرֻ˾ЩŹ֣Ҷ׻ܹζһɵѪζҶûв´Ļ˿¾εɱˡ
ѵҵˣһ뵽˵ʵݣҶҲ΢΢һ̲ס
Ҷ׻ںҲ²ʱЦҽܵҶףҵˣҽӽ
ӽҶԼĴܿһߣ̾ҵ˵ϡ
ӽҵһٲƢŹ֣ʵ൱Ǭƿص΢ҪǬһЩ˸ɵйӵƵĲƸԹö
࡭Ҷο浽ĲˡҲЩ
ҶЩŵı飬ӽǴԱһͶľƵݸҶ˵ҶûбҪнοϲޚˣֵ̫ҷôϲˣ
ӽĻҶٰһЩȻӽ鱨ϵһԸ죬ϲ·ơӽǰҲûװôˡ
Ŷû뵽繫ӣһɣҶװӽʱܾȣܿϱָ飬ԹԵĺӽݸľơľٶӽҶ׾Ȼƽ޹ʶһЩ档
ǺǣҶףò˵ɹҵעԸ⽻ѣӽ𱭺Ҷ׸һֵһơ
繫ӣʵкܶ๲ͬ㣬ֻĳҺãҼҴ󣬷Ļ˵ȵҺµʱ򣬳ɾͻ㻹ҪһЩģһ߳ŵģҶһµ˵·˵һֻΪͨһ
Ŷӽû뵽ԼȻôһ꣬ʱҲЦЦ˵Ҷף⻰˵λЩ˰ɣҿ֪ҶǱһ·϶ܣ֪ôľͺ㿤ǣ֮ǰ٣Ƿ֪˵Щ𣿡
Ҷ˿ӽܹ鵽һЩȻҽԼʵ֣ȻҲɻЩġӽôһ˵ҶȻҲνЦЦ˵뵽ʮһֱһͷôģûͷΣѾҸɱˣûڵˣ
Ȼڱ˿һ£ڴҶ˵ӽôԽԽһҫĳɷ֡
ͻȻЦĸˣͺҶ׿佱ĲԼһ
ҶףҸռʱΪʲôɫû뵽һѾ˲ĵزˣӽ簡


ٶʮ ӽ

Ҷû뵽ԼӽһͳζͶȴûӽĻ档Ҫ֪һ˳ϵٻ˵Ļġ
Ҳӽ˵ĻΪЩ˵ĻͨǷϻпǶҶ״ĳЩϢ
ֻôҶ׶ܹĳӽЦǲʲôıֻһ̬ȡ
Ǻǣ繫ӣ˵Ļ̫Ĭˣֻǲ֪繫㿤ʲô㣿һӽҲԼƵĵ۹ӽƵĵ۹ǵ۹Ȼ۹Ҳĵ̡ҶȻҪж϶ԷôֻΪ˴֡
ӽ˿Ҷ׺ֵʵҶϵܣѵĸװɵ㲻֪Ǭһ֮۹ս𣿡
ʲôȻ飿Ҷ̱ʾԼЩʮֵ֪ӽһЩԭί
ϾҶ׿ɥ֮Ȯӵеһж׬ġһ·Ҷ׷ɱɼӵ۹ڼҲǾһôôϢЩһЩпԭġ
뵽ӽ˵ͷ˵ҶףԺ鱨ͽҸˣȻѣȻϣ̫ˣϣܹϧǰÿһûᣡ
ӽĻ˵ûãҵ˱˹ǰˣӽ¶̳ӵĿ⣬ҶԾ޶õƷԼû£ϵıҲһһϣձһ١
ӽΡ˿ǰ˶ʱһЦ˵ⲻôҲ˽ˣǴĶĿӮ˰
˵ӽһֱӹȵݹһװĿڴȿҶ׵ʱԭεıʱζ
ȰԼĿ⿴ʱҲǰԼĿⶢҶףҶףû뵽㾹ȻܹӹҶ׷ɱǲɵ۹ҲҴĵ̣ķǳҵģ
нŷһٰ̨ϣӰӣһҪ̨֮Ͻһ£ô˵һʮֲмĿ⿴ҶףҶҲ֪ΪʲôԼȻͱȸŭˡ
˵һƻʱҶ붼͸Ӧߺӽ̲סЦҶףȵĹˣҪ֪˵̨ҪģÿҪöУ
ö񣿡ӽĻҶ׵ɫ̲ס任˺üΣϵļҲǳ鴤˼²ǻָ
ӽҶżҲͬΪҶ취ͻȻ뵽һҶ˵Ҷף˵ʥԺԺѡѧԱʵٲҲȵȥɣȺҶĶʱϳ
ģᱻƶڵϳʱҵĸѾӮҲνģһҲ˺֮ĶԼ˼ǺҲҪһҵĸܰɣ
ӽ飬Ҷ۾һͬ
Ҫ֪Ҳӽ֮ìܣȾȻţôõĺ£ôܻŹأ
뵽Ҷ׵˵ͷ˵繫ӣô˵ˣϣ㵽ʱҪΪʵ̫󷴻ھУ
Ҷ׽ԼеľƱʮִݵĺ繫Ӹһ֮󣬱㽫Լ뷨װͷԵУʼ˼
Ҫ֪һжǷɵģǽ֯һͬҪԸǬӽֻϺȻôûͷûԵײôܹأ
ǺǣôҺǱСӸȦȥˣҶƷԼеӽҲʮ̹ϵ˵
ӽĻҶ׶ʱЦ˵ӽ֣ҿ׽ȥҲŶ԰ɣ㣬Ǹôע⵽СϺףԺҿҪһˣ
˵ЩӽҶ׶ԼͬЦ
ӽѱоƺ֮΢ĶҶ˵ϵܣʵԴں㿤Ǹô֮ҾҪ㣬ϾҵĺܶЩ꾭ЩƣһŻ֪ͬ
ӽҶ׵ĶϣĹ㽫Լ˵һšҶ֮ɫҲ΢䣬֪ӽ˵û
ͯʱûʲô츳õͨġͬӽʱļ廹ڣļҪҶǿ򱶡ҶҪŤתƵʱҶȴѾһҹ֮䱻ˡһֱûҾĴһвĻҲᱻֱҳɵġ
ɱӽĻҶҲĶдʲôû˵ֱӽ˵ľƵָһ
ʱ뿪ʼͬʱŷҵ˿ʼʰϵѾԵĲĲѾֲ̨ˡ
˶Ĵһ޴ĺɫʯֺ̨ɫĴʯֽʯʯͷϿͺһһһһЩԺЩƣ֮ºʯǳӲʺΣһиΪѾ̨ĵ̾û⡣˵һôĺʯٿԿס벽ʥߵȫһ𣬿˵Ǽֵǰ
̨ԱԽС̨̨һɵġһͨǸ彨췿ݵġҳɱ̫ߣһЩֻ̨ܹʹá
˵ʯ˵ôһǧֵʯҲҪֵǧڳ𣬴žǽһٶöҶ׵ȫҵˡԵֵǻʾ۷ȫһû١
һС̨Ҵ죬ʵר̨ģҲǼֵǡôһļƷҲǻʾǿԶû𣬶ٿʹϰ겻κλ
˵̨ҲҪֵʮڵĳ𡣿˵Ҷƶ˵ŷһܹϱˡ
ŷҾǲƴ֣˵Ǻʯ𣬾ҵ̨ηĴ̨Ѿʼ𽥴վҶߵӽǲ޸̾˵
Ǻǣ繫ǰǳЦһֲֵһؤ𣿡ӽĻҶʮִ󵨵ĺӽ˹
ӽҲջ𣬶Դ٩˵ϵܣ԰ҾҪ㣬һܸܲɵ£˵ŷҵôѵǾͲܹƾͷԴҲһѣҿģҪϸǿŶ
ӽĻҶ׾Ȼ΢΢һ㶡


ٶʮ СҶӣ
ȷʵҶû뵽ӽ˵ĻⲢ簡ѵӽͷûǮҪԼһƱ
ԣ϶ʲô顣ĻӽԼȸһֻôܺԼСγɹƽĺϵ
Ƭ֮Ҷ׵Ժ淭̫뷨Щ뷨Ҷһˡ
ʱӽ˰˵ϵܣܹĳЩǰǻıҶ࣬˼ҲҪ̫࣬ҺֻǿȽ˳ۣ̫ƵĵطͲҪˣ
ӽĻҶ׵˵ͷƺܹȫӽӽҲҶ׼ƽϣܹоΪڵҶƵһСһСںӱҪ׽Ϻһʲô顣ûйҶףﻹһ޷Ŀɬ
ϵܣҸ㽲̨ɣӽ֪Լ˵棬㽫˱ĵط˵Լָǰ̨Ҷ˵Щ̨ǫ̃öһģǷá
ǱߵڳǸǧһֻ̨ʹõķãѺעϵԽ࣬ѹĻԽ󣬲һ嶼ֻѺֿ죬ֺü棬صĶԷǰ̨ڲͣʱӽʼҶ׽һЩ΢飬ȴֱȽȤ顣
һʱ̨֮ؾͱ״ˡͬʱΧĿ̨Ҳã͵Ǯȥˡ
ҶԼνʮ֮һλáʱһǻʾ۷Ļ̨˵λǳ˽ôļαŷͣΪĻ᳡ҾͲ˵ˡ
̨ϵ̨ʹ÷Ȼ䣬ͬʱλĳԸѺע֮ǰ뽫ԵĳŷͳһܣһǱ֤λȨ治ܵ𺦣һҲǱ̨֤Ĺƽϣλܹ⣡
ĵһȨ׼һö񣡡˵꣬վ̨ϵŷһ߱ԼĿڴͳһӡһֵĽɫƶ˵
ҳö񣡡
ҳö񡭡
ûŷһ˵Ϳʼˡ
ӽһֱղŷҶǮǴڿʼŷҿҪ׬Ǯˡ
ҳʮö񣡡
Խ۸ԽߵһƣҶŷҵǮֶԽԽˡ
Ҫ֪ͨĻﶼģٻܹһӡŷǸ棬ôܲȥᣬҲҪ찡Щ岻ǮûǮںʱʮġǲܹƲԼһЩӣгԼ޷ܵļ۸
ЩӵļЩ£Ƕ֪ƾ۹嶼ûлȾָǼп䵽ŷ֮Сҡҡҡ
һƴĲ̨ΣҪǿһƿսڳеļ塣ֻҪѡˣԷͱӭսĻḶƼ۸ͬȵĴۡҲϷһҪڡ˵ŷҰĵˮ©ڵĹƣȥĻ֮⣬ŷܹ׬ϰٿ񣬶Ǵ
ɴ˿ɼŷ½ͽӵжٲƲˡЩƲɳѻһ۹Ų°ɡ
ҶĹһһֺŵƼ۸Ȼǵ˶ʮöˡʱ忪ʼҪˡ
ʮö񣡡һҪ۵ǲҡ֪ԼҪһö¶ѽһö£οǸͳ۸񣬸ˣֻýһܹܵļ۸
ʮö񣡡ٴκһ֡
ʮö񣡡һǮ˵ˡ
ôͺһӵ棬ҶʵЩۡĿǰе۶ܹһһֺŵƣһӡĻҲ޼¡
ʮö񣡡еֵʱ岻ֱӽЩС̭ˡ
ʮö񣡡ҵ֣üͷ̲סȻǬҵ۹ǬˣȨĵ̴ңҵ涨
ʮö񣡡ҽгֵʱҵ˿ˡӽҵĴ˵Ļҵ˼
ʮö񣡡ʱ򣬸ֶЩˣһҧҲšӽŬŬ죬ʾҵ˷һʮöļ۸һơ
ȻõһƣҲû˶ˡΪ滹жƣƣһֱеļ嶼ûˣƵֲŻҲͷ
ϵܣ㿴˰ɣŷٶǮôܲأܹ۵ŷǰҲһɽһֻСϵɣӽԼЩ̫СҶϸ룬۽ǮĻ»ֻܹ˵ߵĲˡ
ǧֵʮöʥ񣬴˵ŷҾôһöʥҲ˵ŷаˡ
һֺ֮ŷһٴ˳˵ε̨ҵõһƣôϹҿѡսļˣھͿҹôѡˣ
˵꣬ŷһ߸Ͻѻߵȡ۾ӽߵҶףզ˵ս㿤ǵҵҶң
һӣ˵㿤ʸμļ壬۹嶼ˡζû뵽ҾȻʮöսôһһĴڡѵķ
ʱӽȴҶվȵ˵ڿʼҶʽҵȻ֮ǰҶҼҶύʱҲûͬ⣬ǼȻҶбսʸôǳΪһԱʸҲˣսҶҾսңһսӦˣ
˿ӽվҶ׵ʱʱҵͼԭǽ˻սҡһûг׷
ãǾϹأսʤҪҶױϳȻȻָհҶ˽ȥ
ȵĻӽ˵ͷ˵û⣬ǻӦ̸̸ע⣬ҾǿԶĵĴһ㣡
ӽĻ΢ɻһ£ЩƵʵһö𣿡
ò˵ȣȻҵôӣһûаҵĴ¶ɣۣöССķһӦûԤɣ֮ǰѾ΢һưͿӽȻҪݺݵĿһˡ


ٶʮ ҵĵһ
ãҲ⣡ӽĻȵˡ
Ҫ֪Ͼҵܹ֧ĽǮҲǺܶ࣬ӽȻֻ΢һֱӽмҲȫȥˡ
ȻӮ˵ĻЩǮȫģĻǬϵٺãǬֻܹһöѾǼˡһʣµһöҪԼˡ
ģӽڵ⣬һӷѳҵĶȫ³ɣӽĻѾӽ׺ˣϻǱֵһȲʤȯӡ
ʱһֱԱ߿ֵҶЩסˣ̲סʵӽ֣ȥԷһ߳Ҳˣ
Ҷ׵ĻӽЦ˵ϵܣֱֻΪ֣ಫвѡֶǻʾڣ㿴ǸŷҵʥߣΪ֤Ĺƽ
˵ţӽԼָһֻվڽ治ͷͷӽѣҶ׿¾뿪Ҳע⵽ǵġ
Ҷ׿ȥͷϿûʲôƣϸоһ£ȴ嵱һɱͬһû緢Ļɽһһڱ򿪣ͻɻԵѡ
࡭Ҷױһʥ߶һۣʱоԼ˱һ˪ܿʥ߾ͰĿ⿴طҶ⣬ػ
ôʥ߶ϻǲǺʹࣿҶޱȾı飬ӽʵİο
ţҶ̲ס˵ͷЩµ˵ӣҶʥߵʵǵ͹̫ˣ
˵⻰ʱҶҲһҡ
ҵǽʥ֪벽ʥߺʥ֮便жôĲࡣĻǰΪԼܹһ벽ʥ߾Ѿ˲ˡڵʥ֮Ĳ಻һ㣬һԽĺ蹵ôһҶҪԼʵͷ͸ʢˡ
ӽȴΪҶǺԼˣöҲǼİοҶ˵ܹǿ߱붼ʮ֮ڵģڵʵʮ֮ڳЩ֮⣬ֻܹҵ벽ʥˣ㻹ǷĺˣδоųɰտԽʥߵĸԲʧģʱֻҪ¶¶У
˵ţӽ㽫Լߵ벽߸Ҷ׽һ¡
λҵĸǼ˵ļ˵ӽЦһ˵
Ҷ˳ӽָķȥ㿴һĲ࣬ȴˡ˵߻վһӸҲֵӡ
ӽհܸҶףָָߵ˵ĵܵܣһ£ǿйαʸ񣡡
ӽİţҶ̲סԥԥʵӽ֣ϳһʱʧɱҵӦûɣ
Ҷ׵Ļӽ̲סһӡѵԼղ˵ĻСûȥѵֳȥĶǰ벽ʥߣ޽ӽʥߵİ벽ʥߡ
ӽֹЦͻȻˣǰСӻǱԼûȥôӮˣԼȴô֮οԼĵǶġ
뵽ӽŻ˵ϵܣ̨֮ϴ޻ڣǶԷ䣬¹򣬷Ҫ̨һֱԷ䣬¹򣡡
ӽΪ˼Ҷ׵ʶԽ䣬¹ظ˵ΡΪҶ׻ڣû뵽Ҷ׾Ȼø˷ˣЦ˵ˣһҵȥɣǻ֪¹ʲô˼أ
ۣҶһ仰ֱӺӽѸոպȽһһĲˮֱ˳ȥһµһ峤ͷϡ峤̧ͷҪʱȻӽµģϽһˬ㬵ĵͷƲѡ
ӽҶ׵ĹŹ뷨ܹܵġҪ֪ʮʱֱԼ׵ֻһָͽİСԺѧǿˡ
̨֮ϵŷһ˺üĭʼƴĽҺҵʵ֮˫ĳԱȵ̨
Ҷ׵һۿףСӶȫڷͺһɫĽʯһӵֲָɽ漸ùͱԶ
Ȼ˳ЩòʵԿеİ벽ˡ
ҵڶ̨һһˣݡ˱Ͽȥòˣʵһһһֻ͵ԵèһϢҶûв´Ļɱִ̿ͳӵмٶȺ
ϳʵҲǰ벽ߣ졣˿òã۾ǲһЩ飬ͺ־ϲµһҶܹо˾һϲ͵ϮԼҪԸһҵġˡ
ڱգԼҲԿĽ֣Ϳ˭˭ˡҶ֪ԼԷǰˡ
һϳŷһ߱㽫˽һ£ֻµһףҵˡ
պܶǿȻһͿ򣬷ĻôûпͷġͨҪļ䡣
ĵʲôɵϣȻһЩԵˣ
Ȼ˲
һףЦ˵û뵽֮佻λ㻹
ѵô𣿡ףԴЦ˵ͺǰûˣֻһ
һҶͻȻְ׽ˣӦøף
ϧҶˣĻһڣҶ׷ǣ
ţ˵ûҾףĻϿɵĵ˵ͷǾڶԷʱ˵ûе˾αˣʲôαأǼҪǲǼ֮еļƷƷ֮еļˣ˵ؼǸʱָָԼ۾һҪŻµӣŪȫôЦ
ףʱɫһ壬ͬһֻԵһ
ʵڻ٩ʱҲǱ˴֮һһöԷ뵽ԼƵУôһͻץסȨȡϧǵһ˫ɳĶǶ֣Ȼ㱻Էץסѱġ
ףȻϹ΢һЩٶȴ˿ʱ̨֮ϵȫӦõԼϡ
˵Уֻף˫͵ץأʯǿķ˫ֻֻצ
ףٶȼ죬ֵʱȫһſһһɫҲϲͣıը


ٶʮ ˡһ
Ա磡һףԼٶ£ֱӱ㳯˹ȥ
Ա粻һףٶһǿʹǳСģĻܹԼٶᱻ񱩵ɡףҲǿǳԽǰʹó
ʵǣҪһź죡
¸£СûͦףҪһͿסԼ϶ʱ¶ޱ¼ЦݡͬʱԼıͳ̽˫ֵĻѶ̽ȻγɴƬĽӰףȥ
˫ˮ͵ķУ˫нյ˫ԽԽ죬еҲգ֮һоҪףײһ
ףֲǵһκȻ֪һˣʲôϷȻʹûʲô˼ɡ
֨֨
ޱѸͣףͬǯһ˫֮£̽Ȼףץס
˵оͿһֱԱƴҧסеˮˮȴҪԱС֮ƴչɱȻнֲµơ
ףһƴľǿͣǳ־ãԱ͵˺Ƭˮ΢ռһЩ֮󣬱㳷˳һ߼
Ȼ΢һЩȴûаģǼݷԭصȴŸõķᡣ
ۣ
ףΪӶɱǿޣȻͨܶ޵ԣǱĽ͸ˡԱ֮е˻ʹóȻһĵ˻𣬲˵ΧЩҲǸܵһЩǣ
̶ִô̼Լͷ΢˻ΣͷףѾԼĺɱ˹
֪֮ǰҲڹӶһʱ䣬֪ǵʮǰǼ𣿡ףһߺһ߹¡
뵽˹ؼۺͻȻͨ죬ŭ˵ףǼģ
û뵽ף˵顣뵽еϸڣ뵽ʲôõ顣
ȻĻףϵ˵ǰʱҾ֪ҿ϶ΪУΪܹʧȥ־ͰİŮ˸ɱˣ
ɱģʱϱжˬģ
ףһ˵һ߷Ц˫۲ʮʹ˰̣ȴף˵Цһ˵֪е˺ʹˡ
ף˵ϵıѾҪ£ֶˡ
ˮһף߶ʱͻȻ֮ץסףϵһ©ͬͻһ˹ȥͬʱе˫ǺϲΪͬһ
ʱһɿתˮһˮƴתγһɹǿͬʱеУ˫ŵ˫ƴתݺݵĳף
һһˮͺſԶһҪſڽףһȥ
ߣףҲǴһ˿̵Цݣһѻ˵Ů˵һ䣬ҪüʬΡ
һױߡ
ͬʱףҲǽԼȫ׼Ҳһսˡ
Х񱪣ˮףϵıҲԽԽءԭΪԼһٳ˲䱩ߣʧȥǣǵ͹ӽһϵר
һҲ뵽ӽԼĴܹ࣬ڱߵʱҲܹ˾׼ԼȻĻ¾ҲͲԶˡ
ǱɣܶҵĲֶΣӽѾʶˣһοѾףѾӽԵˣ֪Լֶεĵ߻ûȫ͸ЩʧˡôҲǲܹŤת̨֮ϵľƵġ
ۡ
ףһŭҲһͣͬʱһһҲǴ汬
һһֻһɵװΧһͷޱݺݵӭһ

ȺˮһӴһһˮһ𣬶ʱһɹǿҵĽɱֱӽ̨ĽʳһƬƬ
Ǿ޴ˮֱԱĶͷһͷ޴Ա̲ס˺˼Ա֪ѾƵһƴúܾܿԼٲľأܹ
ǰܹ㣬Ȼܹ㣬ҲûܵĻˣԼĶͷˮһףЩӦܹоԼһҲǴﵽ۷ϾҪ˥ˡ
ʹõͷͣһǿʧôȴľֻͬõǱŵǹԺǷǿʵ޼Ķǰ΢һЩǶԷجΡֻҪܹһʱ䣬ôȴĽĩգ
һףǿûǿƵĻԼǿıצнԷԷֹԷץסԼһ©ֱӽԼɱ
䡱һȻףϣڽԼȫһױ֮ϵҲԽԽ٣ҲǳֳͿյ״̬
ףֻػ˲ˣкܴĳԣ
ƴҪ˵ʱףȴ첽ǰǾ޴ıצȻͬһ޴һݺݵ塣
顱һ屻ɳȥֱ˻
һףøӵҲ϶ˣϧǰôҶܵΪٶȿ죬رǿѾ·ˣ͵ɣ
˵꣬ף͵˫צݺݵİס壬͵һ̧Ǿ޴ıͷҪſݺݵҧȥ
Ҷ׶ʱоһѾԤһԵӽƺǰһĻûʲôоͨӽеҶ׷·һִ
ǾǰһжֻƳԻףļ󣬶ȴףıɱһףһҧ֮󡭡
ȻҶ޵룬̨֮ϵıƴȴԶԶҪҰٱ
ɣףоԼľ޴צѾݺݵİסֻҪһȥܹ˺ƬʱҲȲˡ
Ǿ׼Ѫ֮ͻȻ鵽ޱƽ͵һףоʲôϧһжѾˡ
˿̣ȻԼ˫ۣͬ˫۸ļⶼףצӴϴ˺
ΪҲ˾޴ƻһ̵ȴκʱִţҪƴ
뿪ףĹ徹ȻһֱӴףԱĸ
˵һ˲䣬ʧˣһѽһ޷ı


ʮ Ӱһ
ò˵˧취ǺܹáȻףʱԼҲˣվзΪʤġ
෴ôĻֻܹףѪڽƬˡ
ۡףֱӳһѪ
˶̨֮ϵĲҾŪķ׷զʱһһ̴ף塣
ףû͸ףش߰˴Σֱӽף崩ĸѪ«һǽף׷
һǿڵϣѾ첻ˡ
ӽ۾һȥͬʱȫ²ҪǮ༫Ʒҩķĩ
Ҷ׿ĳӽ־ηˣҲһοҪٶûд󰭡ֻ֮һ֮ΪϿ¶½ơ
ϣӽ֪ǹҪҶŸɡȻԼ·ǳۣҲҪô
Ϊô͵ĻΪ嶪ͬʱԼڼеʧܹܵ͡ģҪӮ
ҵʧȽ֮£Ǳ߸ܻһҪȥʬεĳ嶯
ȻЩܼңûɵ̶ֳȣôǰҰܿȾ侲
ڶʱվӽ˵ȻһˣôڶСһ㣬ѹʮö񣡡
ΪһаӽһΣֵõֵʤóȥʮö򲻿ܵġ
뵽ӽЦһӣѵҪöʮöңҿ̫ˣѹöҳǮֱӽ˵ӽ¶ʤЦݡ
룬ҧҧ˵ö񣬾ͶöҸ㣬һˣɱ˵ûᣡ
˵ȱصԼλá
ȵӽʱҲЦһܿǱ㿪ʼع鵽ԼλãŽҪʼĵڶˡ
һȥ󣬶ȥݡ
ݵٶǿҪĹǿһҺ﷭̡ùƶԷҲݾܹѸٽսʱҶ׾ȥҲֵˡ
ȥ֮ǰȻչһ£֣Ǽ棬ƴҲҪ
ݱǵʿȻȵĻǺŷʱǬĻǼǵҲҪӮñʤȵĽֻǻеԵĵ˵ͷ̨
ӽߵĽԾ׶ˡûôУֻĬĬС
ͻȻ֮Ҷ׸оԼƺںǰոʶġѡڴǱսսԼδأ
ݱһǳˣϲ˵˵һ㿴òͲǺܺõûпʼЦˣҲǳĺص㣬ҽһҪһ飬Ǿȥ£֪ÿվӵʱûָоأ
û뵽Էһһ̬Ȼ˵Ѿһģÿ˵ʱǶǸٺһЦǽһƺˡ
룬ЦЦ˵ҳΪûվӿԼҴһ֮پҳǾʹˣΪҪıҳǧ򱶣
ȥɣΪԼܹһϾͽݸˣʵŪˡΪݵٶȱҪܶ嵽ݸղΪλõʱһȭ㽫ݴķ顣ȴеľȻֻݵӰ
͵һ㶣һתͿݡݲٶȿ죬ĹҲǳǿΪõĲذףҲǳһڽ
ֶкིܶˡڽһʱһѶ̽ǷֿһޣڷֿֿԱذס˵жֱ仯ڹؼʱ̣ڽпܱһ
ôĽ棬ŵȻΪյĶ̽
ݳֵʱ͵ķԼһһıһº˦ĲӡڷĻһԽԴĲϸŲˡ
΢һһҲǴи˳
˵ݵı֣ı͸ˡõĲһӣһһĴӡһͷǾͲֵˡֵ˾ŸͷЩͷһ㹻γһˡ
һûնɱϣǿеһոγɵĶˡ
һ𻨱䣬еĶֻ̽һƬֵĶ֮΢һ£뿪ˡһٴʧȥݵķλ
ò˵ݵٶȿǱһɣóϷˣӶ֮󸽽ҡҪûߡ
ҲϾСͲÿӽûзʱڱ˳Ц֮³ġ֮оǿС󶼲ȱԣȱٻᡣ
һѾˣĻôζǲöͬʱҲһϳװܸҡԺ̸ҵʱҲһЩ̸ʣ̸еʱҲһЩ롣ЩɲǼöܹһʲƸ;ݱҪӱԴˣ

ݲòԼΪֵŰɱóԱ֤Լܹٷ֮ٵɱ󣬶Էһ˿һĻᡣҲӽΪĵ⣬ŻڵڶϵԴСǼݻٶȵѹһ
ݽ̽ڵ滮ġֱҪŪñԽԽ꣬ոԼʤĻᡣ
ȥɣݸоԼĻˣһĽǶͬһ֧ɼһ˳ҪϵҪֻҪɹһΣôڻ˳ʧȥ
ݻǵ͹ԡһҪ̵ϵʱ͵ĽеһףȻһѵսס
һݴ̿ҲֻܹܹԼɱǿֱӽԼɱиʹó
Ӱһ˵ݵԭ徹ȻֳƮ˿һݣһǼٵݡһʱݽΧ˵С
ΪãͷΪҵʱͻȻӰӾȻһҲһ
Ҷ̲סһΪû뵽ݶġ


ʮһ 
ò˵ӰһҶ׵Ǭת֮ͬҶ׵ǬתȴӱϱӰһҪǿⲢӰӰһϡ
ݵصһĹֱӵ˵ݴ壬¾ǱĽˡ
ǡǡʱץһص©Ҳܹʱ֡ĻҲὫԼһϣɱԼķˡ
ӽ֣׶༪ˣӽԽԽı飬Ҷ̲סοͬʱӽһһĲˮֲ֮һЩ
Ҷôοһ£ӽ϶ʱ¶εı顣һŻ˵ϵܣοҪβˣ֪ҵ쾿ûаأ
ʵҶҲ֪Լжʤ㣬Ϊ˸ӽһģһЩɤ˵߳ɣ
ʲôӽΪԼˣһ䡣
ҶֻһЩ˵˳ɣ
ۣӽһӾͲˣֱȥһڲˮʮĿ˿Ҷ׺˵ϵܣ㲻оͱȥˣа˳ɻǲ𣿡
ӽĻҶ׺޲ȥҧӽڡʵҪ˵ԼʤʡһҲܹӽϾʵ̫ΪϾͲ˲٣˵ʤ¾ҲѲˮɡ
Ҷ׻Ǹӽ˱ˮ˵˵ʤʣ
ȿȿȡҶ˵ļӽϻܹܡľȻʤʣӽѪȳˡʮ򶨵ʵϵܣȷ
Ҷ̾˿ԼĿڴͳһö񣬵ȻȫƲˣƵӽǰ˵һѹԼһö񣡡
飡ӽβˮˣֱӽСˮ˵ϡ
ȥĲˮûиоԼ˼ĿҶ׻˵ϵܣѵԲɡ
ƲӽĶҶ׿äĿŲ̸սѾ𽥽ӽβˡ

ذͬʱ̽׵УʱԭЩªıĸӵĹ죬һ˿ֲĸо
Ҳûô׷ȫȫļ棬ƴҪԼļ⽫ϵץΡĻöԷذ״̽壬¾һˡ
ݿˣǳˣ΢һЩܹƴĻװܾˡ
һʱ̽ŵ㣬ǾǷǿǿȱǷӦǺܿ죬ߡԾڶԷܿԼɱеʱԭֳ̺Ϊһ壬ֱӽذ׺ϲһ̽
꣡һν̷֮ӳԼƣǾٶȺͷӦֻҪԼķӦٶһЩӮļʾʹˡ
ȻӦٶȼӿ죬ٶȸ죬һȻһȦȦĽɱֱ֮ϷΪĵطҪˣ
ۣ
һȻЧֱӽһȴ͸ѪһӴĴ֮͵ĺһһ˳ȥûüߵҲˡ
顱һݱؿڣһѪҲ˳˳
ˣȴʧȥһԼҲС׬һʡ
ȻһֱôǾˣпܰԼȥԾݱɳȥ֮ûϢԸٶȷһȡһβöֱ̽ӽ̽еһɽֱһϡ
ۡһһҲ̴ˡ
͵һбֱӹ˵ϡ˿˫ȱ͸ڵϻܽзǿķˡ
ֻǴ˿̿Ǳӽ۶ʱЩʪˡ
뵽ԼոշʱӣϧǸʱļǿھȻҪˡһʱӽѾͷתȥ뿴ɱˡ
Ҷ׻ӽ˵ӽ֣֪뷨һǶȥͽȻͬˣ
һ߱ȻôԼսϣΪԼػҲһһݳ裬ԼˣҲģ˵ţҶӽļصġ
ܹ뵽ղӽڴҸı顣ܹΪԼ𾴵˶ȥ˵Ҹɡ
ͻȻ׵ӽ͵ĴԼλվԼɤźΪȥֶǸʵһҲһֱҵĽ
ӽĻϾȻһЩЦݡͬʱٿݵĿ⾹Ȼøӵĺݶˡ
ʱݸоһ䣬֪ԼôͻȻôִʱʲôܹȻᱻͻȻ־ŵġοڵѾԽԽˡ
ۣ
ݵڶɽ뵽ķ©ϣݵٶٴ˼ޡ˵ѾǺһսʱˡ
һɱĽĥ
û뵽㾹ȻһôӣΪеңǲرֻҪ䣬ôͻһôɡݲͣԱɧϣʶңȻɱ
ץסһΪĻᡣʶ𽥵ԼɧŵʱͻȻһĽǶͬʱһ˿Ҳ˳Ƶϡ
û뵽ǣе˿ո𣬲ûץס󣬷סϵһͻȻ֮ݷԼϵˡ
ʱ͵һקץ˿Ҳⱻק˹ȥ
֪˿ܹ֮ءһҲǽԼɱٴʹó
ӰһƬ̼ӰͬʱΧ󡣲һֻһݡذףݡɱѾûôˡ
ԼǰӰӡ˿ȻûȥԼôܹʤԼӽһˣľµһĻĻӿͷ
ͻȻ䣬͵һᣬ˳һ뵽ӽĻһߣôҪԵѪҫսɣ
ۣ
һذ״̽ҪֻҪ΢ô᳹ʧǾʱ˷͵ĳǰײȥֱӽݵԼϣһ͵Źǽݿ˵С
ҲǿĵطƶԼĹԼ䵱һһԼҫԼľˡ
ͬھɣԼǰŲѵݣЦ˵Ϊ˿ΪԼѾûκԹˡ


ʮ ֻϳ
ۡ
˽ܵһ𣬽Ҫô˵ĹϵǳãҪôܾˣͬھݺһĽ
еذ׽ɱ֮ǰйҲͬʱ̽ݵ档
ֺʮܵıһ˶Է塣ƾ˭֪ͬھĸ쳣Ĳңʰʱ򣬻Ҫֳĸݵ࣬ĸ߹ǡ
ӽ̾˿Ҷ˵ϾҪϳˣ㻹ǺúԼôɣҲϣҵʿҵѣ
Ҷ׵˵ͷȴû˵
ʱһֱɫȵϾȻһЩɵЦݡ˿ӽε˵ӽҿûлӮˣҶҶǷڻһ͵Ÿʬɣѹö񣡡
ãͬ⣬һһö񣬲֪ԲԵ£ӽûʮϷʵĿ⣬ʮ˵
öûйϵҸˣ˵꣬ȱصԼλϿʼȴĺϷݡ
ȵ߹϶ʱһЩ̬Цݡʱ˵ĶôãֱŰɱˣҪˮõĳڽУ
쿴һЦ˵Ǻǣȱˣֻ˵һ˵ֻ΢߼һѵģС֮ҰŪ
Ļȶʱоһ䡣ܹо˵Ļܹ顣ͻȻܹ֮һЩ˽档ȻˣҲҪŪ
ϣҶֵܹһ£ܵˣҿ˳ĽˣȻڴԼС̵ʱҶ׶Ѿߵ̨ˡ
죬ҶֻòЦЦ쿴Ҷ׵ʱҲûôõˡΪҶױֳǫֻųĴʶѡ
Сӣ֪ʲôط𣿡쿴ҶײֻǱСɵʵ֮󣬶ʱЦ˵
Ҷҡҡͷ˵̨ôʲô𣿡
Ҷ˵µΪ磬Ѿӣٿô޹ʱǱֻܹһһһٵ˵ǰ벽ֵ߽ĵطܹģ֪ĺʲô𣿡
ôһѣҶ׺ʲôƺȻ˵Բۣ֪ˣôŰİɣǾͱ߶߶ˣͰԴҸһʹ죡
û뵽ԼûаѶԷѹ㱻Էˡ̲סˡ
СүŪ㣬ҾͰҵֵдȻô˵ﻹףǰֿɶڴϡ
ԼЩ˵յģɲܹٱԷˣȻ˵ĺͣȴҶ׵ĸͣѰͻƿڣҪҶײȻһ㽫ĥ
ϧԸõģʵǲпġ첻ͣѰһʱ͵ķҶȫǷص©ȫǻ⻹Ҫ𣿡
ò˵첻ҶˣӽҲһĴ㵡û뵽Ҷ׾ȻһûһصĶѵǴϳֵģ
룬֪ڲɱҶףҶʵ̫ǿԴˡ
Сӣô뱻ɱҾͲˣ˵űҪѰһ쾹Ȼ͵ѡһĽеĳݺݵҶ׵塣
Ҷ׾֪ʮֵĽԼ¶һٸҪԥһ¡ҲڵѹҲܴԽһǱزġҶļƣ϶һ˲ɻ
͵ҶһʱҶ׾Ȼֱֻӳ̨Ե󷨱˹ȥ
һ˲̨֮ϾȻʮֹŹֵһĻҶܣ׷ȻٶȺܿ죬Ǽʱ仹׷Ҷס
˾ͿҶ׼ͷҲصľײ󷨵ıԵͻȻоһͷҪײˡ
û뵽ǣ췢㶵ʱҶײûбˣ徹Ȼ󷨵ֱӷͬһɽһǰء
⾿ʲô֪ǱҶ׺һǡҶ׵ķҲûаţȫʩչ
նȻƽʱϲˣֶΣǲò˵ʵҲĿõģܶ˶ڽܹŰʹһаնҪҶ׻ýӴĻᡣ
ৡһնеһһ˳ս˫ն
Ҷ׷·ҲѾԤϵǰҲǽԼնʹ
һһɫİεâѪ֮һͬҶ׵һֱһݺݵ˦֮еǵ⡣
䡱һâڰ֮бըһʱ˾Ȼһƽֵ֡ʱ䡣
һնԼȡʱ䣬Ҷ״Ӱ֮н䣬յһֱǰ塣챻ҶһУҪˣ
˿Ȼ΢ƣҶ״һֲռȻΪԼΪҶǿҪǿҶսپһһԸΪ׺ݵķʽ˻ȥ
Ҷû뵽ԷȻҪƾԼǿԼӲƴڶԷԼɳȥ֮Ҷٴγһߵ̨Ե˹ȥ
һ첻Ҷ׵Ĺˣû׷ȥҶҲû٣̨Χת
챻Ҷת˼Ȧ̲סˡ
Ϊ˿Ϊǰ벽ߣҶֻǱСɡʵ̫ˡһζӮˣҵҲᱻġԾҶײͣתʱ̲סֱӳҶɱ˹ȥ
ȻϣҶһȻƾ󷨸ķԼٴӲƴһǡһûٸҶӹĻᣬҶһ챦֮Ҫٴγʱ첻ûΪһ΢Կл壬Ҷϲ˹ȥ
ͬʱб֮ϵĺҲǱԽŨ
ã죬ץסͻȻҲԼλϿ˺ð׳һĿʱһ
ͻȻҲˣ벽սʤһСɵ߸ûʲôɽġղֵ̫˷ܣǶ˶ˡ


ʮ Ϊʤǿɱ
ɱڱҶ׸ŭˣһĽԼɱиʹ˳
һȫºһɫΧһͬʱҲһɫһϲֳͣ
ɲ֮䣬ԭеݰ쾹Ȼһȫɫ¶ĿĹ
ͬʱҲһɫŨʵʵİȥһɫĵâҲڴ˷ۼɫӦ˶ֱӴ˫ֽյı滯һɫâѩҶס
һУ˶оһɫ֣ض񱻷ֳһ
ৡһ£ɫâȻ񽫿ռҲжһһޱȷĵҶ׵ͷ¡
Ҫ𣿡֮䣬Ҷ׾Ȼôһ뷨
Ȼ뷨Щƣȴеĸоһ벽ߵĿֲʵ벽ߵôĹ졣
ͻȻ֮Ҷ뵽һ顣Ǿһûбô£пõһ۷ΪܹĳһѾԶԶԽ˰벽Ӧеʵˡ
̼䣬Ҷ׶ͷɱ֮Ҳ͵ſһɫĹâҲǴһֻ۾б
ˡһҶ׾ͿһӰѸٳڵλÿۿֻʣһʱܹˡϧӰеɫûѾһɫâ塣
ۡһǰؾȻҶ׵ɱ֮䴩ȻҶ׸ղʹɱ֮۵ʱǳæķһɱ֮⣬Ҳܵ˲ˣеɫҲҶ׵һɱ֮΢赲һ¡
Ҷһֻɱ֮һżϣĹƱеѪҲ͵ı˳ȥ
һɫ֮ϵݺݵĹ뵽Ѫ֮ϡͬʱѪ֮еѪɫҲӭɫһ
˻ƴͬʱҲһıƴ
ɣҶ׵˵ʱԱ֤ܹڲ֮ءͬʱ챻ɱ֮ᴩ壬ҲһЩ֮⡣ҶױʱҲǳƺˡ
û뵽ɫâ֮󣬾ȻǱˣؿڻһָͷСѪ̨ӳߵѪǴ˿֮ʳġ
ҷ⣡˲֪ףղŲǸղһѪɫĹеɫƴһĻϱѪɫ߻֮˿ھͲֻСһˣпİӶᱻһƲ۵Ĺ߸͸ġ
һҶ׵ʵҲǲ˼Ļɡ
ʵ׵ǣɱ֮ʵôԶղ֮һΪΪҶɫĻп϶ῴӰпܱõľΪ͵Ϯ
ôһһЩҺäĿԴ⡰һ·ϾֻٶȡҶ׵׼Լ칦ȴԼķءԽʱ䣬һ⣬ԼʩչɱʱԼ͵ˡ
˻ǻһЩ֪֮ܶ˶˵ΪգףνվǱȱ˽һ㣬ȱ˸һѡӾõ֤
֤ǰͻȻԼձǰСɵҶ˵ǲ̫ԶˡףΪʲôÿҪʹеʱܹԷƽأ
Щ⣬־֮ҪӲҪͶԷȥĻļʿܻ
ҵս࣬ҵΪǿ˼С磬ƴɵأһ뵽Լеƣٴο϶Լ뷨һǰеУѡҶӲӲˡ
Ϲ׵磡콫Լ˿ڵѪֹס֮һֱӾҶ׵ǰһ̴ɫ׵ҲǴеıͬһֻֻɫĶһ˳ֱӱҶ׵˺ҧȥ
˵УȻ΢һЩСٶȲ죬Ҳڵ֮Ͽ˼շԾͬʱ˫ֽסһɫĳ˫ֱӱ㳯Ҷ׵Ķͷ˹ȥ
Ϊ֮ǰҶӲƴһ£ҶҲ˼΢ֳƽֵı󡣿Ҷ֪Ѿʹ˲ٵ˿̵ҲһЩƣˡ
ɢն
ܶԷʵԼǿܶ࣬Ҷ׺ȵԣȵģȵǽȵǷӦټ϶ԷΪԴʧָҶһЩᡣ⼸һҶǿôáһҶҪˡ
˫ֽѪȫµҲڵˮһͣӿҶ׵塣ͬʱҶҲǽ˫棬ΪԼӴǿó׼
𡱵һһҶ˫ֽյѪڶɢǿơ
һҶײǵʹٻѪѪ໥۳Ѫ֮Ҷ׵Լ۳Ѫ˵һεѪԵøӵһԨԴĸо
Ҳ˵һȻݷѾҶ׵һնܹˣ
Ѫʱ򣬴˿̵ҲնӭѪײš
֨
Ѫſ죬ݺݵҧ˫ֽյɫ֮ϡɫѾͷ­ֱ˺˳иȥΪѪûκθ͸оȻҲܷκĹڳԿš
ǾһʤˣѪѾնףǼֲסˡҶҲǽһɹǿϣͬʱ˫͵ĵŵأҲͬһֻһ
һҶڰ֮еıҲǺݺݵĶƴһ
һ˲䣬ɫâͺɫâڰ֮γ
Ҳǽֲ£ۿҶ׾Ҫֲס¶Цݵʱ򣬾Ҷ͵ĺɢ
һ̣Ҷ֮ѾʱɢҲͬһɵĻɽһ͵ı
ͬʱһֱӵһЩ쾹Ȼоһǿʹ뵽档һҪһ˰ŵһǿķ
ôã򵥵ǻġôԭҶ׶ֵƣھȻһֵɣ˲ƣҶ״˿̾ȻռһְơһԾʤѷˣ
һеɫҶֱӴɳȥ
ͬʱһŨŨѪɫɫâҲ˳Ҷ˫ֱֵıӾȥ
ۡһİӱҶһ롣
Ҷбһҽ麣˲˵ҲѾ࡭


ʮ ӽ
žžž
һ΢ƵһӰ֮н
էһΪҶҽϸȥȴҶÿһֶǷһ顣ԭĶ徹ȻһСⶡڵϣ۳һΡһӿǰڳȫˡ
Щ˵Ҷײֻ֡Ǹ̾һŻѪ̨ȻȫѪЩ˿ڣ΢˶֪ǲѪ罦ϵġ
ĶԼһ쾹ȻҲҶ׵£ȲҪһͷײˡΪ˽һǮȫͽȥ֮⣬ǰĻҲһɶǬģӶʣġ
ǼˣһҲļҵˡ
෴Ҷ֮ӽҶ׵̬ȼһٰʮȵĴת䣬ڵҶȻδᣬǽһΪһֻӥչ߷ɵġ佫ȥȣڳҶ׻һֻӥʱ໨Щ˼ɱҪһЩһرʸߡ
ڵһ֮ıҲǽӶĽСЩĲҳ̶ȶΪһĽԵ̫ͨˡҺҶʧصĻǲҺҵϳһᡣ
̨֮սԽԽζѾһЩ˿ʼˡ̨֮ܿϵսҲѾʽŷʽЩ˶õһƱĻؿΪĻ˭Ըҹ̨ϵıȽϽǳųԵҹҪһЩ
仰ߵҶ׺ӽ˵ٺʲˡӽҶ뿪ŷҵĸ֮ۡǺܿҵһûдȵľ¥Ҫ˲С˿ʼС
ȻѾҹһҵҶֵҵˡӽһûа㵣ġ
ⲢǾǬ˻ᰲѣӽ߳˼䱸һ벽ʥ֮⣬⻹һ벽ʥӽߡǬɳȥ벽ʥȥɱҶ׺ӽǲɵء
˵Ǭû˵ɱɹҲûдɱɹĴ۶ͷɸһʮꡣԳȲѣһЩͼҲ벽ʥϵľǿ߶Ÿɵġ
ҶףҷԽԽˣӽҶĵʱӽ֪ĸԸȻ˵ôһ
ӽⷢԷθĻҶ΢̲סʵӽôƽ޹˵Ļǲʲôͻˣ
Ҷ׺ӽദʱԽԽ˽һϲ˳ȻˣҲΪ¶ǳͣûʲôӡҶ׺һҲǾ˵ȻûʲôԼˡ
ǰ̨֮һӮˣͰ˳ɵӮҾһ˵䣬˭֪Ӯı˭Ư˵ǲǿ͸أ˵ӽҲǶһЩпҶʲôʱӽֺһơ
Ҷ֪ӽ˼˵̫СģٻԼ߱ˡҶ׺һʲô˵ѣ̫ˡҶ׾һЩûԼĶá
ӽȻ֪ÿһ˶ԼܵģЩҲֻʡӽһһ֮ҲͰ֮ǰʵЩˣʼ̸֮ˡ
ҶףʲôأҪҪҺݺݵһʣȻӽûк۾ҲҶܹоӽΪɵʱַ̡ɲΪ˼벽ʥߣǰһˡ
һҶͻȻԼҲˣӽΪѸˡϧܶ鶼ܹһŶۣͺһڹϵǷǳǲ֪ΪʲôҶǾһᷴĿɳҲڼԼϣһҲܹӵԼһƬա
ӽ˵ЩǸоҶ׿϶׬һЩСǮŻ̽Ҷ׵ġ
ӽĻҶҲ̾˿˵ôأʵӽҲܹĳЩȻҲǻһЩЩ廹Щ˵ұˡ
ͺ֮ǰ˵ǬæںǬҲæ̲ңټӽֵչˣҲûаֻСϺ׳Ե֪ӵٲ̫ģһ꣬ĸ£˵ҶҲһ̾ӡ
ʵô˵һȷʵǽԼ״˵һҲû̽ӽҪ˼ӽԸԼô˵ӽǸѣӽԸԼôԺ֮ĹϵȻһɢˡ
Ҷ׵ĻӽҲεҡҡͷ˵Ҷף˵Ще̫ˣ֪ЩˣòҵһѺˣҲһ㣬壬̫ĵˣӽ㱣ֻ֤ҪҶײֵ̫飬Ҷվߵģ
Ϊ˽ٸһò˵ӽĿڲŻǲģټƵĹƣҶ׺ɤ۵ҲǰһЩ
ʱҶײ׼ʼ̬ӽ֣Ȼ㶼Ѿô˵ˣҾͲ˵ʲôˣдңȡȻ岻ݴǣ
˵ҶֱӸһʾԼĳ⡣
úãӿɽ̰ӽҶ׾Ȼ˳ĸһ֮ҲЦǺǵ˵
ܿ죬˾ֺһƿϽѡʱҶ֪¸ˣӽֵ֣һЩˣӶŰҴˣܹܹߵΪ磬֪ӽܸܲҰһأ
˵Ҷױ㽫Լͷϵ˹ȥӽ˵㿴ЩѾҵҪд棬֪ӽܲܰæԵĻҿһЩǮ֧ӽ֣
ӽû˵ǽҶ׵ݸĶпһ̲֮ס˵ϵܣ˵㣬۷Ͱ벽֮űģҪ̫ˣ
Ҳˣֻ벽߾׬öִأȻٶһЩԽ׬Ǯ͸ȵһЩˣ˵ӽҶ׵ݸĶϡ
ҶΪӽܾʱӽ΢ĩһ²ŶҶ˵ϵܣܶ鶼ҪԼ˭һأЩͨҿԴӦڰ֮Ϊ鵤۷ĸ֣Ǿܲסĥ˲ҵ飬ÿʮڳ𣡡
⼸ǿֻܹṩʺǵڽͿǵ컯ˣôӽ΢ԥһ֮ҲǸһҶױȽĴ𰸡


ʮ ҵĽ
ҶΪԼռ˱˵ʱӽ˵ϵܣܹĳҲȱǮҪҰЩĻ㻹ð飬ĳ͵Ᵽ֤⣬⼸֮ҲҸһЩȨģ
ʵӽ˵ЩʱԼҲǾЩ˼ĿǰҲֻҶܹЩˡ
Ȼû˵䣬ӽĺβ;¶˳
Ҷ֪Լûȥܾӽοĳ˵ķءرڧʱЩС͸ױЩ嵱ȥʱ󵱺̨ȻͶһЩȫϵıˡ
ŪЩϵ֮ҶͻȻӽôĻΪԼáϾȻҵˣȴûԼԴҪһЩҵЩ߲ˡӽԼľʲôأ
ҶҪ֪ʲôźôӦԴԥ˵ӽ֣֪ĺ⣬ֻڻ㾿ʲô񽻸ңôȥɣ㽫ңٿǣΣ
ӽЦһ£ŷҶױϿ˹˹ĵģʵһӹۡԼҪڶԷ̵֪˻Ѱ
뵽ӽЦһ½һЩϽҶסҲԴο˵ϵܣⲢԼ⣬ǼҪüϿɣͱҪЩ˵Ļ𣿡
ŶҶ׵˵ͷӽĻӹϿʼ
Ұ벽ߣɱ
⣬Ұ벽ߣˡ
죬Ұ벽ߣɫ
ǣҰ벽ߣϲɹƭ
Щ˵״һһ棬֮Щ˺ҶԹǬƺ׼Щ㿤׼Ըˡ
Щ֮Ҷֿ˿ӽֵʵӽ֣ЩƺûаëǮĹϵΪʲôҪɱǣˣӦø˵Ĳ𣿡
Ҷ׵ĻӽܸˣȻҶԸЩ˵Ѿʼˡʼ⣬˵Ը뵽СȻǰԼܹ֮飬֮˵Ҷס
ʵӽ֪ǣûҶҲɱĸ벽ߵġֵֻٶȿûôѡ
ϵܣ֪ĸ벽ȷʵҪҲ룬һұƿأôһԸľˣΪ˲鷢ҲᰵȥңĿľתǬߣһ˰ɣӽûҶ׻ˣǾҶһǧɲŻῪôź
ʵ룬ôȫǶġǸʱ֪˾ƻ˶Ѿˡ
ȷʵ۹棬ֻ谭ǬͬʱҲǻص㱣Ķ󣬼ȻӽԸôõȻҪȥˣҶ׹װԥһᣬŽһװڴ档
Ҷ׻ȽˬĴӦԼҪӽҲǶһЩЦݡͬʱʣҲһԵĽҶףϵܣǾ˵ˣҸʱ鰲źãƺȻ㴦ģֻҪҵļƻȥִоУ
ӽ۹ҲǱ֮ӽֺҶһЩ޹ʹĻ֮ǱظԵסϢˡ
ֻǼصԼסҶҲ˯žϾӵĸÿһǳ鷳һǼ͸һһ񲣬ûмܹյʵˡ
ӻӦǾϻ˵ֶ̣˵̰ҶԼָи׬öʱﻹǸ̤ʵöһöԼѹԼõģһöȻӽˡ
֮⣬ҶּһԼľ顣ɱ൱ɱһ벽ߣɱ¼ϵľ龹ȻֻǧˡҶôҲŪ⵽ô¡
ѵɱ¼ҲҪĥңҶװ˼ʱͻȻɱ¼Ա߳һ֣һһЩļ¼Щķ䷽
ԭҶҪøߵľ飬ɱǳѲĶֲܹӦߵľֵ෴ɱԽ׵Ķ֣Խ١
ɱ¼ҵҪҲԽԽˣȻҶҲ֪ʵǿˣǰľĻɱ벽߶м飬ܹܿǻʾ
ڵ״벽ǻʻкܴĲ࣬Ҳ֪ʲôܹԾ
ͻȻ֮ҶףʵΪܹʲôֻսֵһСӰõֵĻʵսеķӡôսֵ㲻۷Ҳ൱ɹˡ
УĿǰҾ벽ǻʾ߻һξ룬ҲҵɱﵾԲܹȻĻͻᱻǬ˳ԵʱһĸңҶϸ룬ʲôǬûжԸԭ
ǾǱ񾳾ǿĻھ֮Ϊ˻ߣǬǰҲһЩǬͿʼǰԸˡĿǰʵǬаʱ仹һЩǿ⡣
ˣҶ׻ڲͣʱҶ׽ҲѾˡЩ˶Ҷ׼͵ȥӶġеҶź;ƹǶлģټһʱĵ̾͸Գ츳
ȻֵһЩƵĵҩָһѵƻÿɣָ
ʱҶŵʵȲȻӱСͻƵ˱񾳴ɡȻҲһЩɣҶиЩࡣͬʱҶܹͻƺ֮ǰôĻҲкܴϵġ
ھƹҶѹûָʵ̫ı仯ҵھƹѵʱԱһЩҶһ̶ҲһЩ֪
Ҷװǽйֽ֮һ㽫͵ȥӶˡ
ֵעǣֵӶķʽͨӶкܴġͨĵӶȥִһЩǳΣյпܻСǸǵʵǵȥ
˵ǵӶĳ̶ֳϲϵȥھǵǱܣ֮䲻ϵȥɳһǼӴԴͻڵľ硣ĸ̫󣬾ŷĴҲִǮʽ
ֻҶڷǳȱܹﵽԼˣѲôȥġ


ʮ һ
ҶȥҵĽʮ˵УһҵģҲһһֻݷ۹˵ѡЩ˴ĶδͬʱҲǬսĳ롣
Ǳߵ֮Ҷֽ֮ڵ΢һ¡Щ̶ǽ죬ȻÿµҲûж٣ΪõĴʩõȫٻܹǿάּµı深١
һҶѾ֪ˡԼ㿤ǵĿʲôûںں㿤ǵô֥һ롣
ӦȥѫˡȻһʱѫҲǲϵĸһЩ鱨Ǵ鱨ĴԽԽѫӦ鷳顣
һν뵽ͬһҶ׽뵽ѫۡʱԸоһЩͳšҶҲͣǸų˼ѫϢĿ˿̾ͿѫɫЩ档һԼѫǿλӭ˳
Ҷ峤û뵽ں㿤ǵѾˣ㾹ȻǱСɵʵɱһ벽ߣ붼ţҵһֱأôˣһϣѫͺ񳴶һž˵һѻ֮Щ˵ĶѫҶ߸ӡ顣
ĩˣѫҶ˵Ҷ峤ңǷǳĵģ
ѫĻҶʱһЩɬܹоҺѾڰȫ濪սˣѫСҲԽԽΣˣڳӵĶ֮ززˡ
ҶҲ֪˵ʲôοֻܹԼĿڴȡһЩҾƣȡȾƵĴ룬׼һЩ¾Ʋˣڿʼˡ
˵ҶʵһȾƵˡǲ֪ΪʲôӦˣԼҲһЩôȻҲȥˡеʱҶԼҲ룬ѵиеԭ
ÿ뵽ԼĸףǸδıĸףԵøĳءѫģȴѫοһ١
Ҫ֪ңҶɱһ벽ߣǲĵҡ֮ѫѹͲ¶ֻҶȻ󣬵пɽ֧š
ѫԼҲûʲôֵԼĵطôһѫȻҶǰȻҲûʲôҫģֻܹһһĺҶϵرˡ
ֻЩվҶĿģҪ򿪾ġΪܹѫоܹȻҶ׾ԼڵΪһ·ˡ
ѫ֣ҶѾѳȥʼɸΪܵĳƺˡ
ȻȻҲһЩǶѫĸл
Ҫ֪ȻѫһʣʱȡúܶɼȴǺѫźܴĹϵҶʵҲǺܸлѫЩεġ
ѫһҪ˵˵ҲѫҺҵսΪѫһġ
ʵҪǿûСܰæĵطҲ֪кǳǵǿźѫʱչ˲ܹϵģСҲʮָмİҶ˵Ķʵ˵ҲУûа١
ֻѫҲǸζˡЩǮһҲǧĳ𣬶Ҷһξ׬ö֮ĲСϪʹ֮Ĳ𣬶Ҷ׵ľҲһӱ˦ʮǧ֮ˡ
ˣҶ׵Ļѫ̲ס̾˿˵ϵܣͲҪοˣʵĺܣôﵽأеҲϸĥˣӦòҵĶ˵ǴŪģԭ̫ҾͲ˵ˣϾֻԼ
ѫ̾˿˵ֵҲֻܹҺ֮ķ˵˵ˣϵȨЦ˵Ļ͵ҷƨˣ
ѫû˵ѣ˵Щȷʵôö
ԭʱǬΪ˶ԸңʵжҵҼ벽ߡôһҵʵԱ˲١
Ǭ׼ҽиΪʱ徹ȻˣһһЩֻǬȻǲһЩҺһҪǬܾˣҲѽǬ۹ĸ
Ǭ֮ûкǷһΪұϾ壬ûлİѿأ۹׾ͻʧȥƽ⣬ҷҡⲻǬԸ⿴ģҲΪʲôҪֻԭ
һڲһ岻֪Ҫվһ
پв
Ǭ˵۹ڵìܼСӰ첻󣬵һǿ֡㲻Ĺģܻܿ˽ԼСҲġΪʲôǬԸΪɱҶ׶ٵҵԭ
ѫ֣СһЩ뷨֪ܲܽأѫڷյеʱҶͻȻ˵ѫк񿴵һ˿ϣֻһ˿ϣӰľݣѫͲ̫ˡ
ԼڵĴûиõİ취
ǳǵĳǬǰֻһ΢һ϶ѡ뵽ѫҲ˿˵ϵܣͲҪˣϸˣʲô˵ɣ
Ҷ׵˵ͷ˵һѫһӶ˵Ļѫ㱳Ұɣ
ʲôѫΪ仰ҶַˡʵҶ׵ҲǴֻè⣬ȥˡ
ѡ˷ΪܹоҶô˵Ϊġֻܹ̾һ˵ϵܣ˵ôôװܵģҿҲ˰ɣ
ţҶһôϵˣһڵˣҲһЩӾ뷨ˡ
ڻҪѫԼ˵ԭҶױûм˵ǵѫĻ˵ڡ
Ȼѫоɤʲôţ˵Ҳǣ˵Ҳǣ˵˳
ԭѫڼͦӵģӦ͵һЩĵطϧĸΪ峤Ҳ͵ǳǣעһûз֮ˡ
ԭ˰ѫ֣ϲҲ㸸׳صڻûзųıңûбҪĵˣұ֤͵ңҲ㣬Ҫ£㣬Ὣĸ״ӵųѵ㲻Ը⿴ѫԽԽɵı飬ҶڴеƣһӾѫ
⣬ң⡭ѫɤӲͣ䶯˵ҶҪĻ
Ҷ׻ôģͺ˵룬һġ


ʮ ɽɱħ
˵Ҷ׸ѫṩôõҪ£ϾҪԼǿļҪһЩ¸һЩΪ顣
ԭҪҶǿЩԽԽҶǿֻһЩСںܶ滹Ƿȱ̫࣬ȱһֵĹ
ݹ½һ֡ûһֵĻôչҶ׹ϷҶǿĿ궢ѫϡ
һѫжǳǵľ顣ǳȻ󣬶ҾҲ㷢Ǻǳں㿤עһһܹõĵطѫһǶʮ꣬мûгְ
Ҫǳѫ飬ķǳλҶ׼ΪģôһҶ׶ѫҲԽˡ
ôһ̸УѫȻǾͷˡڼ壬Ҷ׸̫źˣ˿ʮĸ״ӵų㹻ѫˡ˺ܿ˽¾ʹЭ顣˭ҶҲѡǾҶҵˡ
Ҷ״Ӻǳ뿪֮󣬱ֵӽҶû뵽ǣû˵䣬ӽͬҪ֤顣Ҷ׾ȻһֵȦ׵ĸоһȦҲҪһ
ϵܣҵͲҪˣѾ˺̸˺öأӲûͬ⣬һμȻϵܵ˼Ҿǿһ֦Ҳʱ֧һңҵˡ
ϵܣǬ֮ľ׵Уʼֻܹվһ˵ĽǶϿ⣬ǲǣ̫ȥģⲻҸ˵棬ҲǼԸڣҶ׺ӽһ̸ӽǸ͸˸ߣҲҶյһЩִ硣
Ȼӽһ֪ҺҲìܵ뷨ѾʵˣⲻҪȥİ취ȻЩУɿĻԼ
ڻȰҸҵǼ˵ɣҶȥҪĻԼʵһ벽Ȼֻǧľ飬ǵľкܴڽߵģʱ˸ȥıǮˡ뵽ҶױһĵطʼͷϵЩˡ
һ
дĺ˷ǳĺݶӦһרŸǬһЩôһˣٹ죬ͻԵ޹ʵʧʱƺǬһ£Ҫ۹һʱŻ뿪
鱨˵һʱ𶼻۹һƬߵɽй䡣һҪһԼİڼɣһҲҪһƬɽѰ֣ɱ޹
һ뵽ҶױûĴʹ
ȷʵ뵽ҶױͷҲصһʱ䳯һɽ˹ȥ
ΪӶԼ֮ڵϢϢԴͷǳɿϢҲµ鱨ִ˵ǳؼġ
۹⿤ҲһСĿˣǺС۹ɽڣḻ۹Դḻĵط
ʱɽȴǲӶʹӵѶ洫ܶ嶼ʼͨͣǽеĶûκѶ
ɽһǳ۵СУһδ¶С̯λϳСƾ˭Ҳ벻δ󺺾ŵкаԵǸɱ˿ħ
Ȼٱ̬ҲҪܵԼġΪ۹Ǭĵ̣ǾԲĽɽ˶ɱ⣬ҲֻɱкСֵˣ˿ֻš֮ô˶£ҪҲΪһЩʵĴġ
˿̾ߵλԱ߾һڻɫĴӡ
㲻֪Ǹɱ˿ħȫ³һƬɫƬƬ֮һɫĹӣһЩӹϾ㲻ҲҪѲƤ
µɱ˿ħ۾ͭСȫɢһɹϺɫĺڰϢ·ϢģҾݴǳϲЩո鵤ĴӵѪ⣬ҳԵʱȴͷԣ˵󣬾ĵҲ̲סЦ
ߵļȴŵɪɪͻȻһŮ̲סСʦ֣ܲܲҪﰡҪȻǽͻȥɣ
ŮӵʵȻҲ鵤СɵΪȴ˵еɱ˿ħǲ̫ˡµʦ֣ѾǱСɣǿҪ˱񾳴˰ɡ
ŮӵĻ͵ŮӵĴȸһЦ˵ʦãĸ˳ȻҪģԲҪ£ʲô鶼ʦأ
ô˵ģŮӻǺܺ£ѾͶͱˡʱߵһ񾳳ڵ¶һĽ飬ƺϲϾҪһŮʦͬˡ
뵽֮󣬱ʦܶ˵ʦܣ˯֮ҲģŹأ
ΪԼ޷죬ȴԱߵһʱЦһֿʼԹԵĳ˶
ܿ͵ϣŮӵķ䣬ܿŮӾ͸ӿš
Ůһʦ̾˽ȥʱֿʼ΢һŮӹȻͿʼͷԹԵôӸ·
·ѵһʱͻȻһӰڴӵŮӻûȽгӵһ첲ͱ˺ˡŮӺʹӷԼܶˣǸӰҲѾ뵽ǵߵС
ӰŮӱϣӿڴȡһöҩŮӷȥŮӳ˵ҩ֮ԭɬϾȻһƬ糺졣Ӱ㿪ʼȥĴֺ˷ܡ
ڸڵʦҲҪո֣ʱһжѾֻʣͷҷɣѪֱˡ
ڶСĿջ洫һļ˵Ǹ˵еɱ˿ħɱ˸ĵӣֳѪһƬǽ塣
Ҷ׵ʱ⼸ӲŸոһϣǹǸɱ˿ħĴſԽԽˡ
ϰ壬ôôðҶ״Ŵ綼ͨϵıװһЩɢҩġ
ƽʱĻջϰ͸ˡԴӿջѪû˸סǰ˵ʱϵЦȻҲͶһЩ
Ͼµķֻһ˸סôеһסȥ϶ͻеڶ֮ȵǵǼ飬ͻġҶʵԭʱ򣬿ջϰֻܹʵشˡ
͹٣С飬ʵ⣬⼸סķֱȫͨļǮ


ʮ ı
ֻмʮļ۸񣬾ʡҶ׵Ҳ󣬵ܹջϰôһάĻҶͻȻҲǾúȤġջס
ô޷Ϊ˶Ŀѡ
Ҫ֪۹˺㿤֮⵽ҵߡ˵ʲôʱͻᱻҵ˷֣ʵһĺá
ڿջҪһ֮ĵ뿪˿ջΪһͨҩ˵ݣСһ۵һҲûκ˵ע⡣
ܿ˻ĽҰ⣬һƬïܵɭֵС
ΣյĵطһҩҲҪ鵤ҵʵĻһֻ޾㹻Ŀˡټϲҩ˽һЩһɽΣһõķúĻˡ
෴һγ⣬ƵĲҩԶɽ棬Ҳ޷뿪
ɽжڲҩ˵ΣյĲޣǱЩ޸ΣյĴӡһ˵ҩͨҹǳĽҲǳĵСеʱǣǵС˴ĵӾͻƿ
ܶ鶼ԵģҲһЩҩżҲȥ֮Ӹжͼҩ˽壬ҩɻڴΪڶҩ־ĵ䷶ֻʵ̫٣ЩҵϷŪҩ˵ȴƵƵҩȻһֻܹںڰˡ
һǳпʵҶҲܸıһСֻѡһΣյĹʽɽҩ
Ҷ취ԼٵʱǱĵӸסˡ
ǰλСֵܣܲվһ£˵һȽĴӡҶװһ²վȡһתͿһͤͤŮվǰ
С㣬ڽңҶ׹ͷֱӡԷǱ񾳳ڣԱ߻ǿߣһǰʮӡŮԵúܿ
ȻǿҶ֮ͣ󣬾ͲŮ˵Ļˡ
СӣǼ·ˣǴ·ĺˣһ𣬹ƹ㻨꣬ڷһЩ˵ܹͻƵ鵤Сɣ˵ǿһתֽ˵
Ĳˣǿ±ǸˣǻˣӶʱЦ˵
ʱǸŮӸϽܹοҶ˵СֵܣϹ˵ǶŻģϾ⸽Ҳûи˼ңǶǻˣ
ˣҽлᣬҵʦл棬ҵʦл塭лʼմŵЦݣļʦ־ûô˵ˡ
ǴһʮˣĸǱ֮⣬ļҲ鵤۷壬ǰ벽ǿߣҶֻһ鵤Сɵ˷
ˣˣСᣬбҪˆֱȥǸطǾˣҪǾﲻºǮͺ˵л壬һƢܱ꣬ǶҶʵƽƽĲҩ˾͸ˡ
֪ˣʦ֣лȻʲô˵ֻһ΢ЦлеĻΡлתֶҶ˵Сֵܣʲô֣
ҶסҶ׷ǳʵ˵
ˣСҶӣϽǴ·ѣȻҵļʦֿҪˣǧҸһЩɣ˵ţлԼĿڴͳһݸҶס
Ǹл˵ĺܺ˵һ𡣵ܹо˵طǲɱͲˣ˵Ǯˡ֮˵ҪԼһһΪӣһҲҪҶ׹ԹԵĸǴ·
ҶȻɵӣ֪ԼӦô
Ҫȥǧţɽ˵һЩֵҲ֪ǲʲô鱦ˣлҶ׻˵ʱллʹһɫлϽ֪Լ˵ˡ
лҶ֪лû˵ѣʲôˡ
ҶҲż֮ǰѾһɽĵͼϸϸļԴ档֪Ҫĵط㻹·̡ʱ׵һЩõϢˡ
лС㣬ȥǧţɽ·̲أǧţɽٹڵٶҪ쵽ʱ䡣Ϊһ·лҶ׻ǱȽչˣҶȻܹϻ
տʼʱл廹ѵҶһʱ䳤ˣлҲûʲôоҶ׺лһ죬ҲͲʲôˡ
лȻĶ࣬˵һȽϺõŮҶ׺˵ʱ黹ǲģҪҶҪõҪݡ
ǰΪ峤Ҫǿʱ׷ɱһӷأǿǲϰˣ˵ʱлҲǲ޸̾˵
ȷʵϰҶСɫ˵ʵһʴĿǶһЩǿ˵ֻһֶѡҪ۷壬ԵĹһҪһö⻹õ£ã¾öĻѴﵽǵҪ
öһʲôĸɳǶʮڳˡһ㣬һһִôһ²׬ڳ˵һٸµʱ䣬һٸ»꣬ѾʮˡôʮڳǲԲƴһꡣ滹Ҫǲ˲С
һ뵽ԼδлҲǳ˵ǡеʱĽҶһڵĲҩˣȻ¶Ǻɡ
лϵҶֻܹǿЦһοлС㣬ʵҲҪôˣϾѰģҵʲôöµֵùǼʮĿޣǵδøӹ𣿡
ŶҶ׵ĻлϾȻһЩĹʡҲû뵽һҩ˾Ȼ˵ôһĻЩļʦ˵ĻпֱӼ޸ϧǼʦһҪộҪôˣǲ츳㲻ĻѾˡ
һ뵽лϾֶһЩѹ顣
¶ܿǰһƬҵʧӰ١
ô£лһЩ޵ĽʦҲǴֿʼֻҶ֪֮Ϊڻɱ
ͻȻ˿ԼЩӵĹϵҲǺЩһ
ͬǲҪԼҪԼȶѡ
ʦãҪģǰһֻ鵤۷ɱֻҪֻܿ޼ǰˣڼǿߵглᣬл滹㲻ûūһʹʲô顭


ʮ 
ǰĻ֮ԽԽԶ֮Ҷߵлߺ
ҶܹҵһЩɾˮˮԭЩĵӶ̬ҲǽĺлҲٻˡ
ôЩӳ˰⣬Ķԡ
쵽ʱһѾ׼ʼϢˡЩһ㲻ȻֵҶ׵ϡҶһææµµıӰлҲҧҧ߹ȥҶװæȻ
лС㣬ЩһˡҶ׿һ£㽫еĶ˹ȥ
ˣлС㣬νɽȥʲôأôôذҶ׹װֻʵ˵
лѾҶףҲѾҶ׵ѣҶʳЩʱҲֻǱܵһ£Щԥ˵ʵҲûκΰգǼ嵱ȷʵһЩء
ġʵЩǼ屾һţлҲĳ˵ЩϧЩǰЩ鵱һ˵ǣȻҲ͵˵ȥˡ
ǵĳǷּ嵱ÿ궼˽뵽һɽѰʲôÿɽ˶١֪ԭǶǳǸ˵ȥˣ˵Ǽ嵱мأһǼǰԲ顣
ôǴˣȻлỹǶԼʮֵ֪һʮͳĴţлĿʲôˡ
ǺǣҸ˵Щʲôϣ㲻ҪЩ˵ȥȻĻҲ㣡лῴҶһȻı飬̲סѵ
лİæ£Ҷ׺ܿ㽫һڵķáЩĵȻȳԣҶǰԱ߲ͣ˼ʲô
ʱлԱ˹һ˹˵ҲˣȳԵ棬ǳͿȥˣ
ʵЩƽҲ㲻ڳԺȷ͸ûʲô̵Ҫ󡣵ΪĻ£лޱȵʣӣͺȫ˶ĵһ
෴лҶ׻㲻ġ
лˣҶҲӹлӹͳʱлֿʼʻˣҶףЩһ洳һܰɣԺûĸ壬ԼҲһҵأ
ţҶлĻʱ˶Է˼Ҫ£Լ
֮޴ڡҶȻôͻؾлĻĻԴЩС۵ĸԣŪʲôʱͻԼСЬأ
л̧ˣʵ֮ǰûĸ塣˵Ҷ׿Цһֽ˵⵹ΪҸôһЩǷǳģû츳ֵܹѾˣҪ𣿡
˵ҶҲǹװʮֿɬεҡҡͷ
Ҷ˵ôһӡĻлϵЦݾ͸ʢһЩϽοʵĿǰһᣬҪúðյĻлҵĻǰˡ
˵лָָлᡣְһ˵ҿǾ㣬ллҼŮʲôûǸҴҲĳлкøУлҲٱǿ߶Ҫ׷㻹ҪһЩ֪֮ģ
л˵꣬Ц뿪Ҷ׵ߡҶ׿лʧıӰʱҲεЦЦͽųԼеʳ
ܿе˶꣬Щĵӱۼһ̸˵أҶȻڸѲߣЩԤˡ
һκһҹлһ۷ˡлƺΪ˹˼Ҷǡ͸ҶһȽʵĵӡһ˱˴֮Ҳһͨڱ۸
ҽлͨߵҶ׵ԱߣлͨԹԵ˵ҲҶû㳯ǸķΧ˹ȥ
лͨľԴӣҶҲֻЦЦ͸ȥ
Ҷף˵ЩΪʲôҪôʹأлͨҶһʱл̲ͨסʵ
ҶҡҡͷʾԼлͨ˵Ҫƴˣ˵лϧĴҾͲˣңð
ҶлͨļлͨҲ֪Լ˵ˣЦЦݸҶһƺҲһһһ˰ϡ
ʱҶͻȻоӲԶĵطһ΢ɧ࣬ʵȴʼոһַǳʵĸо
ѵʲôˣҶԴʧȥ֪İ֮ĸ֪ҲֱȻ޷֪ʲôġ
ͻȻ֮Ҷ뵽һΪܵǾһǿıǿߣпǿѾﵽ˰벽ߵľ硣
ѵ𣿡ΪƾҶڵʵһıǿߺߵеΨɱֵܹ֪Ŀ
ȻҶǴͻǴϢ϶޷жǱߵʵΪ磬ĵ϶ΪҶûв´ĻΪ˱ضİɣ
뵽Ҷ׵˼ͱָһЩŬԼƽΪκһ˿Ĳע⣬ӰεĴɱ
Ҫ֪ڵʵȻɱ𣬵һζҪܵĻĻ½ԶɥʧɱĻˡҶҪɱϼ޻ĽɫͱҪоųɻʱֲС
ȻҶû𿿽Ǹûþ뿪ˣƺȷЩ˵ʵʵ
Ҫ֪ĳҿǲ٣ЩΪɱ˸ҪÿγֵʱǷǳĽеʱ򻹻ԼＸ죬ʮʱŻ֡Ҷж𿿽ǾҪǵʼѰѻˡ
Ȼ֪ҪѰұأעֵʱܿҵش򿪱صʱҲѰĹ֮С֮־鼫ḻĴǰκ鶼пܵġ
ôߺҶ̲סˣҶϵıлͨҲֵʵ
Ϊʵԭ򣬱лͨҶҲŤֱЦ˵ǺǣҸղ֮ӦôӶˣ
Ҷ׵Ļл̲ͨסüͷû˵ʲôˡ
л֣ͨҶͻȻ뵽лԼĿġ
лԼҪ£Լǲ뿴֮ɱлİɣ


ʮ Ⱥ
ԼվҲֻһӣ
Щ˶ЩĮӣҶֻܹεҡҡͷ˵ÿһ͵ʱһУͻı䲻ˡ
Ҷ׻ں˼ʱһлҵĵӴӲԶ˹лͨˡ
лӵƺҶûʲôøУҲҶ˵ֻǿЦ˼ԹԵ˯ˡҶһջ𣬲ܿջͱޱȵƽ
ɯɯ
賿ӣҶһӾԶһɧһЩ̾жϳӵһȺ鵤۷Ƿġ
ȫɫֻ۾ΧһȦëŰɫ۾һӶͽˡ
ʮֵĽƻٻᵥûҪͨǼʮֻһֵġǵĿ󲿷ֶǳи״̬ޣࡣ賿ʱЩΪҲ׳иʱ䣬ҲǲԵʱ
һЩǵĳ֣Ҷ׸ϽӵվڴͲȡ˳ʼĴš
ءһӾʹЩǿߵĶ档
ޣ˸ϽҶ׵ԤлǵһģллᣬһǿҲѹ鵤ĸ֡
෴Ҷߵ鵤۷ĵӺ֪ڵһڵϡҶ͵һţݺݵ˵ˣ㻹ڵ˯һôĶ֪
лҵ鵤۷ӽл壬û뵽Լһõ鵤۷ĸ־Ȼһ鵤ڵСӸˣʱðɡһӾͰҶ˵ڵءҶ׸뷴ͱлһȭϡʱǵǺŴӲԶ
ʮһ˻ֹĳһܹסģĵӸմҶһȭͱǵĽŵ̱ڵϣһƴܡ
ҶҲֻЦһ͸ȥȻҶ׵л壬лҲ֪֮ġл˵Ҷ״һ٣ǱǸˣ⼸ʦҲġлǵѡ˱տڲ̸
Ҷ֪л岻ɵӣֻΪһῴҩ˵̬ŻԼһȭҲǶ⣬ԶСҶһǲƽϵġ
ܿİǱ㽫Χ˵УнʮͷĿǡϸһЩǵоȻһֻ벽ʵİͷĿЩлҵЩˡ
Ҫ֪һ˵Ϊ屾ͱǿ׳ͬȾ£޶ҪռһЩ˵ġԱЩ鵤۷ޣԵֵһ벽ǿˡ
˵ռƵһ棬ǿԳԵҩָͬʱҲսʱм򵥵ֹѪһһսȻȡʤֻ߾˵ˡ
ʦ֣Щڹؼʱ̣лĿ⿴һֱҶ׺Եʦϡ
ţز©˾Ȼһ۷ǿߡȻʵȲѾõǹ⿿һɱԼߵֶΣ˵ҲһһĽɫεóעҪ˶ˡ
ҶһȻˡ
עǷǳΣգлҲɵӣȻһЩûоĲп϶һЩʵǿĳΪ㻤ʦȻǸ㻤ˡ
Ҷ׵⵱Уʦվ˵л棬ǴСʲôֻһЩ鵤۷İǶѣǵʵѾǱ񾳣ɱЩȻЩѣٲᱻɱ
˵ˣ峤⽻ң˲˵ĵҩǾͷĵȥɣ˵˳ʲôⲻ𣿡˵ʦ΢ɢЦЦ
ȻһʵЩԭİǶʱܹоʦֵ汬һҲǶԸ˵ġôһЩǾͳȴ̬
һЩǺˣлҲˡϽл˵ʦãżʵĵںΪ֧Ԯлʦܣ벽ǿҴ֤ɱȥЩȺĵʱֻҪԸЩͨİǾˣҴ벽ǿȥɱͷǿİͷĿסֻɹʧܣ
˵л氵˿벽ǿ߳ȥ
ʦãľͿˣлָָЩȽСİǶл˵
лȻ֪ЩʲôҲصĵ˵ͷ׼ڸǻҶΪʵҲЩ˵Ȼʦֵ߿ˡ
Ҷµ˹ʦֵʮֿĸҶһλִԼĿڴͳѾҰȵݸҶס
ˣصͦ˵ɣĸģʦһ߳ԼеҰȣһЦʵ
ŶҶױʦôһʣ΢΢һӡ
ҶֵĿ⣬ʦҲЦ˵ʵʼֵĶܺãϧ㷢ְȺʱʵ̫ˣҶҪһЩ
ȻһҲ㾭ڴɽгûҪ˽Եʣȴ鲻ô򵥵ģ˵أʦƺûбҶ׵˼ֻʵ̬˵
Ҷ΢ҡҡͷʮָ̾˵ǰʵǴżȻûʲô˵ģһǲ¶ˣ
ţҶ׵Ļʦһ£Ҫ֪Լʲôط¶ˣͬʱʲôط´ˡ
ʵһ㣬ǾҵʵѾﵽ鵤ɣ
ϧһֱûǮҩһΪһֱ᲻ȥԿһƤңԷһЩˣڴʦֳɵʱҶ׸һ֮У֮Ļش
Ҷ׵Ļʦգգ۾뵽ʲô顣һŻ˵Ժ͵лҰɣܹһ̶ֳҲһ˲ˣл־Բģ
л־ΪԼͿҶסȻҶֻһͨĲҩ˵Ļǻᱻл־Ļ򶯣ôһ˿жµĸоĿǰһҶ׵ϿԶ޷ʵֵġ
Щ˵гл桢лл֮⣬һЩӶٲμôΣյ񡣶˵ƽʱʱ䶼ǳԵҩΣյıǺͼȦ޽ɱǺͼĵӽбƴӶս
ֻǽ˵עǳѪͱһ죬ոճȺмΧ鵤۷лҵӾЩ˫ȷˡ


ʮһ ǰϢ
Щӵж˶ûִйôΣյ񣬵Ǻǿǰ濪·һֻֻǱɱǵҲǿ˲١
ʱһ벽ǿ΢һ£Ȼһֱ˵ԼϡۿûоԮҪһֻ˺һѪˡΪ޴ǣ벽ǿ߾Ȼһ°۾ˡҶ׵¶εЦݡ
ѵѼʽĴ
Ȼһ̷ǳΣգڴʦǰȴҲֻоնѡ
лҵΪԼҪʱһöɽֱӴ͸ֻǵ彫ɱлҵҲǸϽӵøӽ
ӸղǸлҵ΢ᶨҶܹоһԺ϶ܴ
Ҷף׼лҵӱ֮л־Դ٩˵
л־˵ʲôҶҲˡû뵽л־ȻܹͨĿ⿴ǰһлҵӡҶ׶ʦҲǵ͹һЩ
ǺǡȻҶҪ˵ʲôȥҲûʲô˵ģֻܹ΢ٶ۵ЦǻӦˡ
ʱлҵл־ʮγְ֮Ѿռ˾ơھֻʣ°ͷĿ߰ͨİûɱˡ
һҲǽΪΣյʱ̡л־֪ԼܹԹһˡ
Ҫ֪һֻͷĿʵѾﵽ˱񾳳ڣСɡɱǰκһлҵӡ˵ԼΧҪ֮ǰһƵĻл־ٳҲ޼ˡһл־ֱӲ뵽սдЭǼ˲ϵĲʳЩȺȻܹ֤ǵİȫˡ
Ȼл־ļ£һֻͷĿҲǿ֮ĩܿл˵Χ±ɱˡ
ۣ
еİǱɱ֮Щлҵ̷һ󻶺֮л־ҲЦЦ㿪ʼЩлҵӴɨսˡ
Ӧ׵ġЩлҵĵӵкܶിǴˣ̬ģȻҪһЩսƷȥһԭʱܹĶʱǽ
еսƷ֮ҶײŴǼǧţɽķ
һ·л־Ҳ˵ȫϢôţҶϸȥҲѷʲô쳣ĵطһ֮һطٴΰӪկϢ
Ҷ׿Цһ£ǵٶȿҲǧţɽ
ôˣǲ·̫ˣҶһƣڵϣл߹ʵ
ȻҶܹǵĵطԽԽ࣬ЩĵӶ̬ҲǸʱôӡЩ˵ҲֻлǴġҶҲǶһЩж
Ȼʵ˵лĹģҶֻܹ˵ҵٶҲǧţɽˣҪڵˡ
ŶлҶ׵Ļֻǵ˵ͷûоʲô⡣
ϾθǳĶǼصĵӡȻǵΪܸߣȴپɱһǾ㹻ǺһģһǻҪץʱС
ܸ϶ٰɣҲ۵ˣҸղźʹʦһ£ҲҪлңԺ͸һԷǰлҵ˰ɣò˵ͬĻлĿоһ˼ˡ
Ҷ֪ǿл־˵ġĻǾûȨҶǵгԷģҾ˵ˣЩҵҲᷴԵġΨл־ĻȻͬ仰˵ڼ⣬˵ĻѾԾЩ˵ˡ
Ҷ߰ɣڳԷʱ򣬿Ҷ˹л־ϽվҶõԼߡһԭһЩҪ˵С˶ʱˡǶлֱֻŤǵл־˼˵仰Լˡ
ǳں£ǳھηЩ˶û˸Һл־ԵġһٷҶ׳ԵĻǱȽĵġ
ԷԷҶ׻ҪҹģһزٵĹֻл־չˣҹ֮ǰ˯һˡ
ҹҶȻǺлͨڴ̸߲ͣŰļšò˵лͨԸͦҶ׵ƢҲǳζͶɡ
ҶףûпںͰɱʱǸӢ£һɱͷǣΪ˵̫ûѵԵʣлͨҶһԵøķɡҶ׶ҲǲڹؼʱܹһЩָ㡣˽Ҳǲˡ
ѹѣҶ׻ǲԼġοҲԼֻڷ곡Ϸѡ
ҹķһԽԽˣҶ׵ЩʹĸоĻҲԽԽӡϵ¶ȼ½жʮҡڲԶЩĵӱϸܹȡůҶһлͨǵùˡ
˹ˡ
лͨûдѵֻܹǰͣĺȾơȻȾܹǳ٣лͨȴ˿ûͣеҾơԴ㣬ҶҲܹһ¡
ڵ˺ҹлͨԱ˻ȥˡлҵȻһһֱӵͷ˯ҶνȻ۾Ĺ۲ܣ˯һ
һҹҶΪ𲻻ʱͻȻһƵϤоӲԶĴ˹Ϣصķǳã뺮ĿΪһ壬ץסټһӰȥٵĸо
Ϊл־Ҳܹоһ㡣ϧл־˭˯Ķ
ֻܹһôǿĵǰܹ˯ô
ҶĲл־һûС
ܿһϱǳȫĶȹˣҲûǡǵгѾһˡ
ȵɣҶ׸ո۾վԶлĺҶߵлҵӺһȥԱߺˡ
Ϊл־չˣл˶̬Ҳ𽥺˺ܶ࣬еʱҶ׾ȻΪȻ뵽Щ˵С
ҶܹоԼһֻּЩ˿һܰաϾЩҲˣֶӵĻ¶ϣܹһȫգְȫһּҲϧ
ܿһͱ˺ꡣһǾҪ·ˡ
һᵽ·Щлҵӵϱ¶һЩԸӡ֪ѵʱԽǾԽǲڼǿߵĴߴ£Щлҵһƴĳǧţɽȥ
ô𣿡л־ߵлͻȻол־ϳһЩȫɱҲɢ


ʮ ֻ
ҸղŸоһǿҵɱһɱʧˡ˵л־΢˿ָֻˡ
л־һɱʱҶҲӦл־硣ܹоһɱǴɢġ
һǿҵɱĿ죬ʧҲ졣쵽л־ΪֻԼһִû׷ʲô
һһ·ϻǱȽ˳ҶǾǱ֮ǰƽܹ뵽ò˶ãͻְȫɱġ
ϣҶɸ˵ĻʳҶױԽԽ˵Ͽ֮лһЩҲԸһɻˡ
ΪͻȻҶȻΪ粻ôߣǶõĶͦġǺҶ׽Ӵһʱ䣬һϲ˵лͨȻܹɺͱ˽̸˵һЩЦЦˡлҵ˶Ҷ׶˺֮ġ
һҶǰʱҲͱһʱ䡣˸ҹʱҶ׻Ǳ˳
һκҶһҹĲлͨǱл־ˡ
ôҺ𣿡Ҷ΢ЩȵĿ⣬л־Ц˵
Ҷ׼װ˵ͷ֪л־Ѿע⵽𣬲û뵽л־Լһֵࡣ
ϸ룬Ҳûʲôֵġл־лҵټʱԽԽСл־ֻŲҹҲ
Ҷл־ȵݸһЦ˵лͨ˵ϲƣҾͶһЩŪһЩ⣬Ǽһ԰ɣ
Ҷ׵˵ͷҲûпʱл־ˣ⼸ѵûзʲô쳣һ΢쳣Ҳ㣡
л־ĻҶ׿Կ϶Ѿʲôˡֻ֮ǰûȷԼĸоڲͬˣһɱѾǵԽԽȻлǻ֪ʲôл־ͬսȻ֪һǳΣյźš
л־ôһʣҶ׶ʱ˵ͷ˵ܹԼŵһѪȵζǳĵͬҲǳΣգ
˵Ҷ׺һѾɭ˼ʮһ۾Į˵
Ҷϵıл־ͷһ֪֮ǰָоԲĸܣһʵʵڴŵĶ뵽л־ʵܹо⾿ʲôأ
Ҷ˵һܹл־ܵĴ𰸣Ǿǡ𣡡
һ֣л־̲סѾ˲Լַٶ᲻ҶƲˡ˼ھ֮ǿƽл־ֻŵӣҶЦЦʾϿɡ
л־ܹоҶƺҪƽ˺һл־̲סʵζǳô
л룬ûи˵
Ҷ׵Ĵ𰸣л־ҡҡͷʮֲϿɡһ뵽ҶڵΪ磬ȷʵҲֻеˡ
˯һɣú侲һ£Ȼ֮ǰֵʮƽ˽ˣǵ˸ʱл־û˿ԥеľƺݸҶףˡ
Ҷ֪Լ١˯Ļ¾ǲԷˡ뵽Ҷ׻ʮϵı۾ԼҲµʵʵ¡л־˼
ҶѾ￪ʼڴˡѵǽӵʲôɱл־һ뵽Ҷ״Ŵлͨµʲô
лҵĸ壬ȻѾûƣлȴȻչѾлҲһЩ⣬ΪԼͳθӵİȫȻҪлһˡ
ǬĺӲһ֮ҵĴҲõȥˣȻǬ֮սûչУƺѾһޱȲҵսѾˡ
սĵбǿֻܹ֧ųĻǻߣ벽ʥ߲ǿܹõĽҪսС֪ǸʱǴʲôĵλء
ν˼Уһҹȥˡ
ѾǵˣҪȥǧţɽֻмĵ·ٶҲֻҪʱ·̡
Ȼһʱ֮ߵǧţɽ¡
ɽ岻ͬǧţɽ֮Ϲʯᾣɽǧ׵ĸ߶ȡЩʯƬһ𣬺һͷͷţ治ͣ˻𣬲ͣĳײһǧţɽ˶
Ӧ˰ɣ̶ֳȣҶ̲ס˵
²УǻȥҲһǳѵ飡л־˿ҶЦ˵в
ǺðɡѾ֪ҶǿЦЦΪԼִҪߵ³õȥ
ǣʮ˰лҳϸİʾʼǧţɽϲͣѰ˰컹һһЩֻܹڵϸ̾
ʱһǿҵɱٴνٵǵߡһβл־елҵӶоһɹɱŨҳ̶ȡ
һе˶ˡ
ʲôǿްɣмлҵӶ߶µ˵
һһûлأһЩлҵӺµĿˣл־ֻܹС
֮һɱ𽥱ƽлҵƺоԼĩѾ١
ͻȻ֮һӰ֣һƬĹһץһлҵĵӡ˾ͿлҵӵİӶ˸˺ˣѪɽҶڣȻûһ˿Ǹ˵ò
Ǿ
ֻ仰򲻻л־Ŀ˵ġ
Ҫ֪л˵ѾеĿֻˣл֣һЩСĻᵱġ
ϲ
µʱһлҵӼг㲻ҪɱңҪ֪ʲôҶ㣡
ۣлҵӼеʱԴȻһ̴
ѪĲӵ˼ʮʱ嵹ȥ˵һЩСлҵӣлῴֳҲ㱻ŵĻ鴤ʧȥս
һֱվл־ߵллԤҪúܶࡣ
лҵһɱл־Ҳû֮ǰĽֱӳ֪ܺǷҵɱǵģ
л־㣬ֶΣϧô͵͵Ļ˾óЦбʾ͹ĺǴһҲʲôԹԵģ
Ȼл־˵ʱҲЩ£ǵİѻ˵ڵʱоʵҲûеô־壬෴ȻһԾԾԵĸоôǿ˵ʱ͸˷ˡ
Ȼл־һＤ£һ޴Ӻڰ֮˳ͬһ˵ߵС


ʮ м
Եĺ統һ㺮ɽεİһײŵӤôĵɰ
һڴ˿Ҳ˳֮ܲƶ䵱бȥԭɫı˪ԵޱȵľӨ͸۵⡣
ԭӦһͼЩлҵӵǰһĻ·ѾΪеսᡣ
ǵԭһƬӨ͸ֵоȻʱһƬڰһɫĿͬһƬһ˳
·һֻܣٶȼ죬ÿһغܹسɴ磬һգ۵Ĺ˾ǵǰ
ǰ˴ʵͨҲûʲôֵǮΡǹƾеһںĻꡣ
лʮӿǰ£Ŀ󺺾ͺ񿴵һг˿־塣
ʱл־ֻܹӲͷƤվ˳лҵϵлȡ
л־û˵ͿһƬӰ˦˳ΪµܹоһƬӰȫĵâûһ˿һٵĳɷ֡
һлҲǿʼжл߼Ҫл־ѹΪܹǣһ¶֡
ˡǰվŵֻһͨİ벽ߣôáϧǰվŵһʹߡ
ۡллһоûб㿴Լ徹Ȼâг룬һ˾ͱնˡ
ৡһӣл־ĸҲǱһĿӡ
ûã̫ˣһй㽫ɫѩϣЦ˵
ˣҲǷϻһĿҪɱлҼǿߣڶҪҵһֱҪҵıأҸʱ䣬Ǳ뽫ظҵĻ⼸˾ǵ³ˣ˵꣬Լĺɫʧ˵ߵС
һбл־ıǿҲնʵ±һǻʾ߶˰ɣʧıӰҶ׵һ
Ҫ֪ӽһһѡһͳô鷳治֪漸񾿾Ӧôء
ˣȶȹǰΣ˵ɣлҵһ˻һҶֻܹߵΨһѵл־ߣ΢οһ֮ʵû뵽һлҾȻûһ㻹֪֮һӦôأ
ӣл־˰˵ôһ֣Ҷ׶ʱҡҡͷ˵ӣһӻһɵİգЩֻٶȣ
ʲôʱһҵĵ̲סһȭҶסҶ׿Ҳÿ֪л塣
ҶױлһߣѪˮ̲סЦû뵽лҵ˻ûȱɱţǿɱ
˵ҶתҪߣл־˿ҶҪ˵ʲôջû˵ڡʱл岻ˣҪȥ׷Ҷףֱӱл־߷ɻȥѵ𣬲͸ҹȥ
ۡһл־һſ˺ܴ㽫л඼飬лһڵϣѪ˳ол־ҪлæܵлʵʵǰҶ׸Ǻˡ
Ҷ뿪л־һڵϲͣĴض㡣Ҷ֪л־ڷйеơͬʱҲл־еһܴ˰̡
ҴӲû䣬лǰԶֻһӬĶ
Ǭʮл˵һ仰һл־ƴŬʮȥˣлȻôСȴȹȥǿˡһ˲䣬л־ʧȥһУͬһһѩصƴš
һһʱǴǾ޴Ŀ־ѹлһӺµʦʱԭͺܴĶȻһˡһε黻Ӽǿһ档
Ҷף֪ûߣҪ̸̸л־һʼڣ˵бֵݵľҶס˵Ҷ׵ʵֻһ鵤ֵĻ治š
ŲŲҪҪҶ׸⣬ֻ˵һǣ߲ǶС
һʱȥˣǺѰʲôִһѰ֮Уֻܹһ
Ҷ׺ܴͻȻҵһѨ˷ܵİл־һߣԼҵ˴˵еıءҶ׵Ļл־Ҳ˷ܵӡֻǲûаϢˣǾȥ̽̽
ʱڵԼõǸʱˣǵһĵط˿ǰЩսľлҵЦЦʵôջ𣿡
л־Ͻܹȥ˵ǰǸµһЩ֮ҵǸΪǵʵ޻ǰԹȥ
˿лҵЩˣͻȻЦһʵôһ˰ɣǸʲôߵĲҩˣ
Ļл־üͷ̲ס˵Ǹ˲лҵĸֻ·һ׸ҲСĸɱˣ
ƺҲںôһСл־Ļֻ΢˵ͷ˵ȻǾ߰ɣ
һվĺһлҵӣֻЦһл־ǸҶҵɽ档
ɽȻһЩֵķţһʮָӵҲǳǵǰ΢۾ƺо
ʱл־ߵһʯͷܽŵӡ
о󷨵ʱʱһһĹȥˡ
һ֮΢һ˿ƣ۾ͻȻգգʱߵǿɫʯȻ
նҶеѪͬһѪɫһݷ״̬Ҷ׵зֱӾô塣
Ȼ뵽Ҷ׵ʧ᲻ǵһıϧû뵽Ҷ׵ʵȻǿ̫࣬Ҵ˿Ѿо˷ǳؼʱ̡ھôҶ׸ˣʱЩֲ
Ͼһ˲ϰϹִʱ̫һߵʱзΪʤģοأ
ҶеѪѾ޽ӽʱҶ׾Ȼ徹Ȼ΢΢Ļζһ£һõӰȻǰôʧˡ
Ҷ׷ӦʱѾһ࣬ͬʱһںɫҲǴǴ׳ı۰кݺݵնɱ˳
ˡһһķǳ֮ͣдŨŨɱ·һ綼ĺڰһ
Ҷ֪Ѿһİ벽ߵʵǰԲܹаĻһܾܿͷʱ̡


ʮ δйļս
һҶ׵еѪĺɫײһ𣬱оһɹӿ·һֻɫצҪץסҶ׵壬Ԩק
Сӣû뵽ʵȻôǿǿˣһֻɫצҪץҶϵʱһѪȻҶ׵ֱ֮ϻʳֱӻһѪɫצӺݺݵĶƴһ
ʱоԼ΢΢һȻҶױ˳ʱһֱԱߵȴʱл־Ѿƴˡ
Ӱл־ǳڵǰ΢иһ㶼ᱻɱֿBOOSóԼӵе۷սܹ֤ԼҲ
ͣ˵ʱл־ͬһһı󡣾л־Ҫ˵ϵʱһȻʼͣ˸ӰӳϷɢһӾ塣
˵ԵУл־ѾǿʩչŪôǰĲһսǷ߳ܶľǿߡл־ΪɥĻ˵жԼԩǾ;ԼѾˡ
ҹл־ǿһΪĽǶȳֵʱѾԤϵԼˡ
ͨǿΪ˱Լ˾ѡܣѾĥ¶˵ͺǺȰˮһļ򵥣ȻԷҪԼˣǾͲƴֱӽµļһϼˡ
ȥɣоһܾ˵ľٶл־Ҳ͵һģ̹ͬʱеıȻɫĹâһֱӾͽİȥ
ɰɣһֱ֮ϵļŹֵķᣬȻγһֱ۵ӰӰл־ı
л־ģ˫ֽձݺݵӰ֮ϡͬʱҲͬһһעеı֮ϡűѺ۵Ĳϳ֣л־徹ȻֱֱӸ˳ȥ
顱һл־ײʯ֮ϣֱӽײĹǶϽۡ
л־˵ʱеıҲиֱ棬ֱӽֱϵһͼ飬ֱ֮ҲǳһĿӣһѪǿʳΪĿ
ͬʱҶҲǴһɱ˹
ȥɣ
ɢն
ǿʵҶֻǺ΢ƴһ±оȫĹͷһҽֻһζƴл־Ҳɣܵشôε񽫻ĩաһôӱܵġ
𡱵һҶ˫ֽѪǿĹע֮£徹Ȼʼ΢΢һ͵ѪѪҺǷһŭѪҶ׵ֱ۾һ
Ҷץס˵һ̿첽ǰȥֻһ±㽫ɱк޻ڵĶͷ
һȻоԼ뵽һѪɫĺһԼ߾ԼǰһѪɫĺжûӰ١ӭĲѪҺ
Ļۣ
һ䣬еĺɫȻøӳءܸղһֱ΢һЩ˺Ǵ˿ֱϵ˿ѾϣֻķͼѾܹˡڵ˵ǱȽģһҪǰ롣
źɫͬӿĽһעֱ۵Уֱ֮ϵķͼҲͱø徹ȻҲǳֳĺɫһʱ綼뵽˺ɫĿռ档
˫֮ϵķͼս˫ֱҲǱԽԽӯҶ׵ʽϵʱҲӭҶ׵Ѫɫ˹ȥ
˫۵ĻӶǺɫĿռ侹Ȼһγһɺɫĳ
ˡһɫķһƵĵһУ֮侹Ȼ޾ĺڰռ䣬ڰѪɫ㲻ɷ˵һ뵽ѪɫĺС
ͱѪɫͺɫɫƽ֡Ľ紦Ҷ׺Ƕƴһ
ܴ˿̵Ҷ˵һЩСȴǲ¡ֲ£ɢͬʵ
๾࡭
һҶ֮еѪɫδйս˲ҲǱù
嵱еĺڰǱøӵ£ҶѾܹоһֻޱȿֲĺɫѽҶץԼƵУϾҪҶһ㡣
Ҷ֪ҪԼɱóˡĴܾܿǷˡ
ɱ֮𣡡
һҶȫ˲ͬʱڵѪҲǽսһµĸ߶ȡ
๾࡭
һһɹŨŨѪɫȻͬһһҶװУһһ档ҶΧȻһֺֻݺݵһࡣ
Ϊӿһɹǿϵע뵽嵱УҶ˫ֺݺݵȻһֱƵһ
Ҫ֪֮ǰȻҲһҶǽ岽Ҷײ˷ǿʼˣ˵ҶѾ˷Ϊʤˡ
û뵽һ꾹ȻԼƵ̶ֳȣԭޱĮҲ𽥱׺
䡱һǿֱɽ֮ըѣֱӽԭͲǺܽʵɽըķ飬һɽҲһ飬Щ
ڱը֮һڹһ󡣺ڹڰ֮ٴξ
һҶ͵Ĵӻҵʯг˳׷һӺ治ȥ
ҲԥתҲһڰ֮жƴһСƴʮ֮˴֮ͣ
Ƕƴ֮ԭǱɽ徹Ȼѣ׵ôһξ뱻˵ĵâиķ飬һ˵Ĵ󶴡
Ȼһζƴ˫ûռƣǱ˴֮䶼˲̶ͬȵ˺Ҷ׻ѾһѪˡΪͷʹƤڵɫҶ׵ƿҪҵĶˡ
Ҳû˶ҶסΪܹ콫ѲĶֽݵϢ֮ٴպɫҶס
ʱ˺ܾõл־ɽ֮ǻѹˣȫĹҲѾϱѡоҶ׺֮սڼл־ʲôҲץһҩȥֱӾͳɽ泯Ҷ׺սλ˹ȥ


ʮ ¸ɱ
ּսл־ѾܹڴԼĳıڵ״ֻϣԼܹ֮ǰһɲԼΪĹס
ңǰûκʤģһֱƲҶ׾ȻƾԼһ֮ںݡ
Ҷסл־ڻƴʱ򣬺лһЩлҵһҲήһĩһսľĵȴսһЩҵѾŸĸͷʹһЩˡ
ҪҿܹӵĳȥһȰǸҶ׵Ĺ˺Ƭ
ԣǽտ˶ʼȺµʱһֱҶ׼Ǻĵл岻֪ʲôȺ֮վЦ˵
ллҲһЩСˣĴл־ͬлҵǱ˴˾ʮּҵĶ֡γл־һҲǼΪԸġôһл־˵ʱҲǽл־Ǻˡ
л־ߺǷ߷߲ƽ־ԼȻᱻɱԲҪ֮ǰƹˤйͷԹֻȻЩʧأǻûɵԼйл־ĵزҶʵ΢ó䵱ĳͲ
кõĿʼȻͻ˳õĿʼչȥǶл˵ѹͲ֪ʲôǺõĿʼԵԼĳҶϷйȴֹʱеĿ־޷ľͬˮһ
лԽԽҵʱһֱлϵ㲻лͨлᷳ
Ǽǵ֮ǰ˵ʲôǸҶСӸǵɨǣΪôܻὫҪ˵ǾûǸҶѾҸƨˣ˵л廹ȻһԼָͺҶײָ֮һһ
ʱһֱлϵܺõлͨڹӵվ˿һֱ˵ͣлݺݵһ̵ޣ˵л壬˼ҶǼλʦҸǵ򵼵ģǳлˣ˵Ҷ׺йϵǲԴȱҰ
㣡лû뵽лͨ˵Ļɫһ䣬ԭЩͷıʱ¶ɣּ͵ľͿԽԽ޼ɵ
˿ǰлͨѾΪҶ׵Ʒ
һ뵽лԭͽ̱øӵһӳ嵽лͨǰȭͷ㳯лͨϱ˹ȥС˵ڼҾͿ㲻˳ۣ㲻鷳ల£ǵͷϣǾԲŹģȥɡ
лͨл֮ìܴлǿ֮ҶߣһĴɱ
ӰҶ֮侹Ȼʼ˳ⲫҲǼȥ
Ҷ׺ڰ֮ƴףÿһԾʮεƴɱл־ܹо֮ƴɱҶ׵Ҳǽ͹ֳ
ǹ񫰡û뵽СôСôǿʵÿ񼸺ǲڵĻ½һúúҹϧӽԺҲûĻˣҿ𲻿ҵĽɱ֣˵ɱûǧҲа˰ˣ˵ɱıǿϰˣĶ鵤֣µ͸ˡ
ֻЩ˵г˼߳⣬ɱסϧɱߵҲƾԼɵġսܹ͹ԳʵǽҶ׺һսһԼƾеĸо
Ҷ׵ΪվһЩʱܹ࿹⣬ʱ䳤ˣҶ׳ԲġҶױֳ״̬ԽԽ鷳Ķɱʱ
ʯѣһеĺɫȻųɫĹâ
Щһʼϡ޾עâԽԽʢǿɱͬˮһ˫ֽյĺɫ֮б
žۼԽԽ࣬ɫҲԽŨȻ״˾ȻЩ档

һХ޾һӴ뵽ɫ֮ϱתۼе۳ΪһСɽҶ׵ǰҲ뵽һСɽгΪɫСɽеһ֡
ȥɣ
Ҷ֮սһҲǴﵽ˰Ȼĳ̶ȡ
Ҷ׼եÿһǱܵƣǽԼɱʩչҪһٽҶ顣
ɱ񾻻
ĿʱҶ׾ѾоˡȫױҶһǰδеΣСһҲǽԼڶʩչ
ˡһһɱҶ׵麣гȫɢȥ
һľͷǳǿֻ˲һʱͽ֮еȫɢȥʹľﵽһָ߶ȼеĳ̶ȣиҲһ˲˷ӿ뵽嵱С
ͬʱҶҲǽԼıɱʹó

һҶͷųʱȫ̼侹ȻһֱűĸоţԽԽȻһƴŨγɸƷʵ
ҶеѪųȵĹâ
һѪɫιâҲҶ׵ɿƮװΪһ׷ɵĳͬһ
𡱵һһһɽѾҶ׵ǰѹ˹оѣ϶ҪѹʱһѪ֮ŭ
ɱ
һҶ׳׽Ѫʩչ
ԽԽȫļٴһ࣬ԭȲһ׾ŵ˲ӣеѪҲΪѪɫĵâһչ׵ĳȡ
ڵҶףȫѪɫƣȫļȼյĸɲһŨŨ
ڼ˫ȻѪ
һɫСɽҪѹϵʱ͵˫ȣ̤Ѫһл
ѪɫâҡҷԽԽһѪɫĵâȻһºݺݵɫСɽ
䡱һһɫСɽѪɫâݺݵУȻһ
Χĸǻһıը
ʱ䳯ɢȥҪشл־һǿڰ֮дҡҡ׹ͺʱܹ˺ƬӰ֮ˤһࡣ
̡
֮ڵǿͬһСɽγǿͣѹҶ׵ϡ


ʮ ȼ
𣡡
Ҷ֮սѾ˽ֲ¿ʼƴ־ʵȵصʱл־ڴӱըıԵ
һѾЩưܣںел־ȴȻǶ־Ϊʱ޿̲Ǭ˵ĻԶǰǧǼǧ֮ҲǣҲǲı䣬лֻǰһֻΪ϶ѣ
лҾԲϣԲǣл־һ뵽һ伸ӰʮĻеķŭ㲻ȫٴαŭУ֮Ǳڵ츳Ҳһı
ɣԼеıѾиı֮ϣл־оȻһֱ̬ĿУͺѾһ
л־ֵʱδ֪л־ѾıС
ͻȻ֮оһϢĸоϰս֮дδֹһҲֻôȼĴÿʱоԼƺѾıԵͬʱҲͻƵһ
ڰͽһ嵱оȻһɹɸǿĺɫЩɫһ־Ȼʼ͸֧Ķͷγһźɫļǡ
ɫ֮֮ڵȻͬһɹɷıһϯȥ־޷Ҷ׹ʵԵ˺֮ڵȴ˶õһּǿĲ䡣
䡱һһǿĳҶ׾Ȼеĺɫ˰塣Ҷ׶ʱĻ嶼ᱻг롣
ǼҶ׵Ȼһһ׶೤ľ޴˿ڣѪͣĴ˿ʳ
飡
ʱֱֳл־ҲѾĺɱ˹˸ոմһеĺɫһɫһݺݵһɫɫͷ飬¶Ѿ߾ȫл־
һл־Լȫȫע˫ֽյıֽ֮յĺɫݺݵײһ
ۣ
һɫצӴǺɫչֱӴ̽л־嵱СȻֻʱ֣ҲԽл־ǰֱӸ˺ؿڵ߹ǳϣ̴ࡣ
Ȼ˵࣬ȴûнл־ڵ೹˺飬һ˲佫ɳȥ
ۣ
л־һ˲ᣬ˸أֱˤڵ֮ϣӲĻȥ
ͬʱҶҲһ׳˰̣ٴʩչնӺն
һȻֻڰ֮н˫֮ã˫͵һţһɹȻ˳˫ȵҲա
ͬʱҶҲǽȫ֮еǿȫֱ۵УѪȻڸղһƴȥһĲҽУһҶ׻ѪΪϺʤսǵĸ֪УѾʼ͸֧ʹѾǿ֮ĩˡ
ն
ӵͿٴǿƶϣҶ׵Ѫںһ𣬱һѪɫһɹޱǿ
һҶѾоȫޱȵˣǶͬ˵Ҷ׵ȫһ˷ǳһΣڵϦĸо
ΪֹſʼҶ׵ԼͬһˮƽϵĶ֡ھѾЩ̫ˣѾҶ׿ɱˡ
ƾսֺγǽһսԼӰ벽ͻƵߵһأοʥҲֻһ֮ңˡԵĿҶ׵ʱȻ˴δйأСӣȥΪ֮Ѿ޵У㣬ȴֻ֮¾ȻСɵӣҹȥ۽ʵ̫ˡ
ҲûʲôΪңҲΪҵҪͬھɱ뵽ȫļ⾹ȻʼѸή񱩵ĺɫעеĺɫСźɫı𽥹徹ȻһֻɫצӺݺݵץҶ׵塣
СɱҲ޺ˡ˵ĿԽԽֲȫҲǺɫĻһҶ׵ȫ
ҶеѪδҪͻΧһѪſҪɫצ˺Ƭ
տʼʱôսһĻһЩͷϧ˶Ѿ˽ƣʱһζƴǳͣǾͬ貵̻һ㣬ֻ꼻һְˡ
ۡһѪɫâն嵱еʱûΪĺɫצҲǺݺݵĽҶ׵ݺݵץ˵һҲҶ׺ʱ̡
෴ѾͬھĵȴԵʮֵĴˡ
֨֨
𡭡
ѪɫƴĲҶ׵ΧҪס壬ҶȫĹڡ֨֨ͣҪҶֱӸһҶޱȵջ
ҶѾһ֮ˣֻҪԼĵһܹҶƬġ뵽ٴγ˷ı飬СӣɫĩѾˣѵ㻹Ҫʱѡ޹Ȱ㻹Ƿɣ

ޱȷĿХɽ֮ƮһֱлͨлĶ䵱С
һѾĲɿлڿȥǷֿѾƴһˡ
ǶڵϵսľĸԶصսನʱޱȷЦݾȻʼɽ֮Ʈ
ԭû̫ɱЩлҵĵȴΪ֮ǰĹˣǻǰĿ˱һδնɱͬľǾȻڼĿ־з˵ֿĳ̶ֳǵɱټϼʹ࣬ЩлҵӾȻìܵвͣԭط
һ˵ֻлһЩǵôлҵӾȻһڵϴʹʱлͻȻʶЩˡ
ȻХǲû̫ʵԵ˺һγһ޷ĨӰܹҲǺЩԭлҵŵһҲɷġ
뵽л̾ʹӵվ͵ԼЩлҵĵӺλʦܣһǴʦָնɱڷĺУǾһѹֿˣôǻʲôΪлһҪվ
˵лнһлҵӷֿʼлҵӻָת
Ȼ˹ת֮Щлҵӵıû֮ǰôʹˡ


ʮ 
һ˵ֻлһЩǵôлҵӾȻһڵϴʹʱͻȻʶЩˡ
лܹоȻĿХЩлҵӲûκʵԵ˺ǲЩ޺ģЩʹĳ̶ֳ϶ɵ˺ԶԶ϶ǵĥ
ΪߵУǿߺ֮ܶʱ򲢲ǵսֵģʱҪǿģп˷Ѻʹ۵οеĶֵ𲢲ǿģеˮƽδϡǼˣǶЩлҵӹ޷ĥ˺
ⱾӦѣǴۡһЩѾͻγһ޷ĨӰһεսȻûнǻļʲ󣬵ǼȥܹҲǺЩԭлҵŵһҲɷģԶɱ˿ħݵġ
ԲϣģҪʲôıһС
뵽л̾ʹӵվЩлҵĵӺλʦܣһǴʦָնɱڷĺУǾһѹֿˣôǻʲô
ǴΪΪܹǳɳѾ͸ܹԲΪлңΪԼһҪǿվ˷ǰЩѣ
˵лнһлҵӷֿʼлҵӻָת
Ȼ˹ת֮Щлҵӵıû֮ǰôʹˡ
һлҵӺָ֮ܿ󣬵ڶҲʼתܿЩлҵһ˺ܶࡣ
һҶ׺֮ľսҲѾΪؼʱˡ
Ҷ׺Ѿȫһ𣬾ͺһֻɫĴȫһӰѪץһѪϻвѪɫڵֵźɫצǷָĻҶ׵ѾɫצˡǼˣҶҲԽԽ
ķԼķҲԽ⡣
¸¸£СӣⱲĴ¾ǸԣΪ֪Ѿһ޷ܵˣ˵
֮ǿ𽥳գҶϵҲǱԽԽأƺһͻᱻֱǡһѪһ
һ̣Ҷ׶ͷ֮ϵһֻڻˡһɫǸ۵΢΢תţĽıɱΧ֮ڡ
ܣ⾿ʲôһֻ۵ĳоһִδйĿ¸оѪɫҶ׶ͷ𽥾£еĿ־ԽԽŨ
Ѫ֮⣡
һѪɫĹ߽ĴԳ䴩֮ʧȥ˻ȫӰ֮нҶҲֻǿǱ˵ϣվл־ߡ
𣿡л־˿ȻѾϣΪȻڵϲܹҶ׵Ҫ΢ǿһЩ
Ҷ׶л־Ҳûʲô̫ĺøУǴӸղл־ıл־һȫһǴŵӡ˵л־ʵս黹̫ˡĻͲὫŪôǱˡ
Ҷһ룬Ͼܹ˻ֵôءһ뵽Ҷԭһ㲻ƽ뷨͸ʧʮѺõĽл־ӵϷ
ոھֻʣһƤˡ˵Ҷ׽еһޱȳªƤл־ǰ˻Щε˵
л־˿ҶеĶ΢һ£ǽǰ״
ҶѾ˵һ񣬵ȴûҪ뿪ǽԼһЩҩͻָĵҩл־һЩл־΢΢һ㶻ǽЩҩ˹ʮʹĳȥ
˹תһӵʱ䣬ǵָ˲٣л־ҲѾн벽ߵˡ
л־˿Ҷ̲ס˵ˣҶףҺܺ棬㾿˭ˣΪʲôҪлأ
˭ⲢҪҪлҵ껹ûδл־ôһʣҶֻһ˵
˵Ҷ֮ǰл־ô˵л־¶˵ҪҶ׵֫жҪϸҶ˵Щ˼
ܿ죬л־ʲôЦ˵ȷʵЩҵȷӦʣôԺ󻹻𣿡
ɣҲᣬȡлһ᲻ôͱҶ׿ĳл־ΪԼʵԼ̬һ츲صı仯ٶԼһЩ⣬Լϧлҵĳ̫Сݲһ
Ŷл־û뵽Ҷ׻˵Ļ
΢΢һ㶣Щ˼˵Ҷףò˵ոߵܹĴмɱҶҲͶأϾֻǸҴܶ鷳һɱ֣ѵ֪ɱ֮󣬽ӭҶôǿı𣿡
Ҷɱ֮Ȼûµһл־˻һżһ˵ĻоͶһЩŭ
л־ĻҶȻҲоЩǱϾԷΪԼǡû̫ƽЩЦЦ˵л־ҿԸѾɱĵһҵˣȻҲһԺЦǲҪǰˣϣܹһ㣡
ǺǡͻȻ֮ݵתл־һЩƣЦЦǰܹоҶЩŭˡ
ȷʸֿ˵ܲҶײлôꡣҶһ٣ҲҪЦӭϾл֮ǰһֱֻǽһūʹҶûбѾǸˡ
ǻȥɣл־ԥı飬ҶֻЦЦ㳯ĵطȥܿͬѪл־Ҷһصлҵӵǰ
ΪҶʼնǺⲫϵ˿Ҫл־ܶ࣬ҪΪǱһЩЩ˿ڶһʱָܹ˵ģҶҲûбҪЩлҵӿȫôһˡ
ǿл־ɱ־ҶסεսлҵռϷ硣
Ȼл־˷ͷлЩǵҶ׸ںʱԭ޹۾֪Լˣʱˡ

Ҷ׺л־ߵǰʱ򣬸ղһֱлһӾҶ׵ĸǰһץסҶ׵ЦСӣղΪлͨһܣҴıףû뵽ôͻˣҲ


ʮ 
ΪոɢеĿ־壬ڵлоԼޱǿȻһִһֱΪĵСУһԵô
̧ҪҶ׵ʱеΧ˿ĿⶼѾ˸ı䡣л־Ŀ⣬Ȼһζĸо
ָоͺڿһֻѾվǰ룬ĿҪӡ
һ̣лͻȻоԼĲһһЩʺĶȻдܵɤۡоԼ徹ȻʼƮƮȻȻ
𣿡лͻȻоһУͻȻоԼǰһĵͿԼѾ˵ϣԴѾּˡ
һΪʲôˡΪѾˡ
Ҷףղɱлҵˣѵ㲻֪ҪΪ˸𣿡ۿҶѪлɱȻлҲһЩᷳлỹ޷ǰɵʵ
ҪֽҶ£ȴҶҲо£ʱл־Ȼû
ҶԶ֮ͻȻ뵽ʲôתл־˵ȻҰ㣬´лҾûôõĻˣϣ´λмĻᣡ
˵꣬Ҷױʧл־лߵС
лѯʵĿ⣬л־εҡҡͷ˵Ȼʧȥ˼лҵŵӣȴõһѣС
л־ѻ˵ﲢûм˵ȥлƺл־˼תлҵ˵ελҪܣҶҲûгֹǱʦˣ֪𣿡
л־лô˵ģȻҲһЩµĳɷ֣ȴûָһֱͣʵѹȥȡ֮ǸŨС
Ϊɱ֮۵ĸҶ׶Էл־ܱߵЩ鶼һŵ˽⡣Ǵʮֵ壬ҶǷˡ
ȥӽĵڶ񣬰ɱ⡣
⣬Ұ벽ߣˣɽΪ飬۹Ϊɽ֮һͨЩ̶ӾĽͨҪϣΪе̶ӸĿꡣ
ӽƺҶɵһʱʱ䲻̶ʶҶ׼Ȼϴٵ̶ӵľϢҶ׶ӽϢԴǿٸеЩ֮⣬ͬʱҲоӽʵٻһЩɡ
ƺҲûʲô˵һ֮󣬱ܹо֮϶ԽԽѡӽĸ񽻸ʱ򣬶ܹɼһЩİɡȷʵӦһЩ˶ʼԴˡ
һһö񣬶ڶһʮöͻȻʮö񣬾ԿĳͶôˡıӦ˵Ƿǳɹ۵ġ
һöĽ֮⣬ҶҲǴնɱϻõ˲һľ顣ټ֮ǰľ飬ȫԽ۷ˡֻĿǰ벽ǻʾ߻ǲһЩ롣
һȵȽϴĳ油һЩҩɣһսУҶȻսĴ٣ǹǸл־ָƾ˲ٵĵҩҲҪҵĲҵȡԼһ
֮⣬ѾöټĽҲİö񣬿ȥһЩĶԼĵˡ
ͱ˵Ǳʱȫעо֮ġƺʲôһ١л־Ա߸ĻһھǷȱĻԡ
ΪɱҵԽ࣬ǬӾԽ࣬пɳԸڵʵȻԶԸ벽ߣĻ߻ЩܹԷɱôиĴҲ޷ģҪһЩԼսϵЩǷõʱ
һҶѡĳǡﲻ۹ģҲŷ忪ŷڡ
岻ͬŷ幵ͨĺô۶Էŷж˽˳Թһ뵽ŷĲҵжᱻŷ˵˹ƽԴŷг𣬻ûгļ̻ᶼŷٻһЩϵ
⣬ŷĲҵŷԿ˵İȫǰٷ֮ٱ֤ģĲҵŷƷȻһЩǶͨĿͻ˵ǺֵܳġŷУа벽ʥϵľǿ򣬾ͼҲҪһԼֵֵô
һҶ׸ıԼװֱʱǡ
ûǣʮҶ׾ͿһͬһɽһĳǳԼߵС
˵ǳжôеĳǽپѾϰ׸ˡͨǳصڸʮȴšʮȴֻһȴǸͨͨģʮȴͳͳߵĶ̻˵ǳÿ춼д̶ӳ룬Կǳصķ̶ˡ
֮⣬ǳصϿջһЩһ۹ĲҹǸԵ뷱
һǷ֮ҶױһطסһǼȥΪһ˵ĽǶڿǵйһ졣˵ڶҶײŷ
˵ﵽ˿ʱͻΪҶҲǳڴġ
ӣӦǵһŷɣҶһžͱһСƸСƣҶЦЦʾ˵ȥ
λö۵ģһΪͨλλС䣬С䣬а䣬ݻа䣬Ͱ䣬֡
һһ˵ģǶȥС䡣ҶײУСƱ㿪ʼʮĽ
ΪҪμҶǰһһ·ָŪһ㽲ķ͡һҲᱻ˿ˡԽҶһŻᱻСƸķ
СȻÿһȽϻ磬ҲĿÿһǲǵģǼҲʮÿһ˵顣һ˲Ǳ뿪ѿֱӽɱ
СԿҶȤ㿪ʼصС䡣
ӣһݵˣС;СȻСһǾСȴһλòŮΪԸǮĻǻṩһЩİȿȡᵽʱСƿͣһ£ҶײȤּ˵ȥ
֮⣬ֻҪӽгļǮ򵽱̴ӻ͵ӵУҪ
С˵Ҷ׵۾Եһ¡ѾҪһСˡ


ʮ ʯ
ھСҶ׶Ǻ⣬ΨǽƷ͵һʵҶײ˼Ȥ
Ҫ֪ڵݷǳ⣬вͺܻܿ˵ע⣬ӶӰ쵽İȫҶܶ϶òעԼİȫСĸǳҪȻԸ⻨ǮһСķˡ
ӣ룡ڽһʲСķ֮СȻЦݵĽҶ͵һλû㲻ľС档
С䵱һŮѾվڵУʱ׼ΪеĿ˷ǿҶô˧ĹʱŮϵЦݾ͸ŨһЩ
ĹأǿʲôҪŮǲ˵˵ġ
Ҷ׽뵽С֮ŮߵҶ׵߿ʼƷ֮ŮվһߵȴҶ׵ķԸˡ
λû㲻İ䵱УҶ׿ͨϯ΢ƽ˵ʲôʱʼ
Ůû뵽Ҷ׻ƽȵԻЩܳ
Ϊ˲ſ˵ˣŮϽŻʱſʼ컹أһλõľСʱѾԤȥˣǽȴƫƫûգ¾Ǹ׼أ
˵ŮָҶһˮҶЦЦʵǺǣڳŻһЩʱҽʲôذɣ
Ҷȥ糾۹ŷŷǵһŮһ֮£һЩʶʱҲʽʼˡ
ڶĿ⵱һɫĻһ޴ƽ̨֮ϡ
λĿˣãŷڵʦŷۣǳӭλĹ٣ҲǳлλܹڸԵλҵһ߶
ĻҾͲ˵ˣھһƷɣŷ۲һӵļ̽ܣһҲǱһ벽߻Ķ
ľʯ飡ոձ̴Ӷȥʱϳʵơ
ľʯ飿Ǹ˵ҶҲԼֹʱһֱûҲӳ˯֮ѹЩȤĶҶ˵Сһû뵽ϾȻôˣҴһأھҸܽľʯһЩɣ
ʱʦҲʼ̴еľʯˣһľʯǾʯĿˮϰıľʯϿʯͷһһֶȥ죬һľʯ̾ͻһıֵǣڻʲôҪߵˮƽˣ
ţʦ˵ȷʵľʯļֵȴϵУһ˵һľʯƳΪֵܶıľԵıΪҽ黹ţȻһЩĲϣӦþͿһЩıʱĻҲԿһˣ˵ƺһЩдЦ˵
ĻҶ׸Ͻ˵ͷӦҪ֪ѾȱˣȱľһЩıĻʱһ仨ˡ
ڿʼһľʯ飬׼һǧ𣡡ʦмĽڳ߶ʼɧ
Ҫ֪Ȼľʯ۸ܵͣǶе˵ǾġͨľʯΪǷǳܹ˵Ļԡ
ǧ𣡡
ǧһ𣡡
ǧ𣡡
˵̧ۣܿһľʯ㳬۸ʮ֮һһľʯڼӼۼӵǧʱԭҪм۵߷׷׶겻ѡ
ʱ̴ִһʮŵľʯ顣
λĿ˶Ӧ֪ľʯ߶ҪĶôóһСصľʯһʮţôЩľʯļ۸ڳ𣡡˸߰ʦһľʯʵĽڵƵһС߳
Ǻǡ
ҶûвһöľʯʮľʯˡΪ֪Ϻܶܶʱ򶼻Ū飬ûеƷʦװ滹кܶࡣһЩ˻ɵĵţֻһˡЩ˰ѳӶˡ
ֻܹȴһλᡣһǶÿһεĻҲԽԽϧӶÿһĳɽ۸񣬴Ӷ׬˲
ڿʼʦһкֿʼҪˡ
ǧ𣡡ͻȻһ峤ӽе
ǧ𣡡һ̻Ļ᳤ĵļӼ۵
ǧ𣡡һĳϡ
ڳ𣡡ûһѼ۸ȥҶһλ
Ѿ˺ܶ˵ԤǶĿ⿴ҶڵľС䡣Щԥһǽһľʯ˳
Ҫ֪ͨλʮ𣬺λʮͨСһʮ𣬵˾СһǧּǱͨа仹ҪܶˣͬʱҲֻǱͨ΢һЩ
һ˵ܹ˶һЩݵģпЩʵǿĶһ˵ܹǵĻǾȥΪá
ȻҶ׺˳ı㽫ʮľʯõˡľʯ顣һЩˡ
ЩȻܲȴҶҪĶûв롣һֵֺܿ˲
ʯۣβ˵Ǿ˳
ֲ֪ϵϡ٣ϽҶ˵Сһ㶼һҪľʯйؼá
Ҷܹо󣬱̴Ӧ
ʱʦʼʦΪĲϣʯֶۣýͷĽϵķĩĥƶɣȲ˵ֶжôǿ󣬾˵½Ѿϡٵĳ̶ȣÿһֻһǿŪЩʯۼֱϣܹպеһλᣡ
һöļ۸˵ʦеĴƽ̨֮ϡ
ö񣡡һ峤ٴκ
ö񡭡һĳ̲סˡ
ļ۸һֱʮöǳֳͣ͵״̬ʱҶ׿ʼˣʮö񣡡
ţһݻаļƺҶ׶̬Щŷǳ˽м֮ûİ취ˣʮö񣡡
Ǻǡݻа˽гǮʱȻ޼ɵЦ˳ƺΪҶ׸ûа塣
Ǿ˵Ǯ֮ҶٴμӼ۵ʮö񣡡


ʮ 
ʲôСǲû뵽ԷҸۣһ̲סһ뵽ŷڱְԼӰ̲ס۵ʮö񣡡
ЩЪ˹ʱҶҲĸ֪͸Ǹ䵱СҶ׾Ϳ벽Ӷվ˽ǸЩջЩӶͷ졣
ߣֻһЩ벽ߵӶѡЩӶҶֻ֮Աǣֺʮö񣡡
磬Ϊһݲϻôֵ𣿡Ҷ׺ʮöļ۸֮һ̲סȰ
Ӷͷ˿޴ӵĻŭѵƨΪǲгôõĶĵط򲻵Ҫʮö񣡡
Ӷͷҧٴν۸ȥҶ׿ԷѾܲǮˡ
ʮö񣡡Ҷٴν۸̧һЩֻһö񣬱Ӷͷ쳹ˡ
ƨ棬̽ǸС˸Ҷˣ֮һҪ֮أӶͷڲپۣǽҶ׸ڡ
ԷҶ׶ϵʱЦЦֱӽԷĸ֪γȥƨЦһֻýӶͷ췴Ӧһ£Ӷͷһ߹ȥ㽫ƨߵǽϣջ𡣡
ȻӶͷҲûа취ˡ
ʱϵһﱻ͵ʦĸǰ
ʦҰѽʯˣһҪʲô𣿡еݲϣҶҲ
⵹ǲҪˣֻҪҵĽ鹺һЩõıҪ֪ٶöܶ࣬ʵϻ̫ˣҲֻܹһЩ͵Ϯıڵ۷¾Ͳˣ˵΢пһ
ʱ־һڵ˷Աˡ
ۣ
ʱһıﱻ̴Ӵŵʦǰ
ףȫͨǻʾɻȫһǻʾµķҪʹߵʵʵˡʦʮֿ϶˵
֮⣬һڳ֮󻹻ᷢӰֵɫ⣬Ӱͬʱ԰ʹԶһξ룬ļ۸ʮö񣡡˵Ϊǿܵʱʦڽһļ۸˳
ʮö񣿡ҶԼĿڴ̲סʱٴηˣСһڶö֮ڣͰɣ
ö񣿡ĻҶ̲סһҪ֪ܹĿҲٶöѡٻöĻ¾Ҫصһ׵ʱˡ
һ뵽ʱִ׬ԭЩƽΪ֪ʵǿֻҪɽӣЩܹ׬ģпԽ׬ԽࡣСöȷʵʲô
ʮö񣡡
ʮö񡭡ڶ˷۵Уһļ۸ܿǵһö
ʱ뾺۵ĶǰĿˡ
һٶʮö񣡡һ䵱Уһ΢Щϵ̲סѾĵһ
ʱһʮŵϼһһʮöҲǮͷȰ㾡绹ǷɣʡײĵǮûУҳһʮö񣡡
һʮö񣡡ǸϵٴηǸŵšȻϵѾѼ۸еļֵȻϷ
ŵƺҲѾܵĵߣֲԸᣬȻֻǽ۸ö񣺡һʮö񣡡
ߣʱһݻа洫һߣҶϸһȻһ˵Ҫˣǲҳһٰʮöˣ
ҹѾԼĵߣ˺мѾǺˡϧҶǲܸӵģö񣡡
˻ѾЩͷˡҪٽмͣ
Ҷö׸
вٷԵıӶĳϣҶЩıҲֻܹ̾ˡһЩĲϱ뿪
ò˵ջȷʵС
СһȥһЩľʯϰɣȻһľʯļ۸񲻹󣬵ҪƳΪǳǿĹ飬ҪһЩǳϡٵĲϣͺǽʯֵʮö
֮⣬ֵʮҲǱزٵġЩϵļǮҶ˵Ѿëëˡ
Сһɹ˲ĿⰡҶ뿪֮󣬾Ȼ˴ӺһһֱģһҶ֮󲻾øġ
Ǳǻ֮ǰҶʯ۵ļӶҶ뿪ǲҵ˵˶ʡ͵ĵơһӿҶεľء
Сһһ˵һ֣ǸӶҲһǱ֣ȻѲǵʵǺǿǽƳɹЩ˿¶ᱻһ򾡵ģôҲðգоʮ벽߶Ҷ׸֮ҲΪ˷ܵ˵
Ȼô˷ܣҶȴоһЩͷ󡣲һ룬Щȫɱ˵ܹ벽ǻʾлǻʾߡοһְĳɹʿ϶֮ǰ˺ܶࡣ
õʦͬôǾȥŷرһЩϰɣҶ֪֮ô˵϶һܵĲˣûȥĻԡοԽԽʶԴҪԣȻЩܹıΪʲôܹȥЩ˵ıء
Ҷ׵һɹ֮Ҳ˳סһĿջСջѡһõķ䣬Ǯ֮㿪ʼ顣
鱾ոӣӾ͸ϵϡ
ڲϵУҪÿһݲϵƿҪķǳϸ񣬱ȵĹ̵мȲܹһ֣ҲܹһĻƺһʼǰ
֮⣬ĹжʹõҲżΪ̵Ҫ󡣷ĻһʹùӰ󷨵Чܿ顣ʹٵĻҲ󷨵ЧԶ󷴹˺ߡ


ʮһ Ѫ
֮黹кܶɻ䣬һЩҪһöƾʧܡʧҪһöµľʯơ˵ҪҪǿĸ֪⣬Ҫиǿ
֮⣬֪ҲкܴİһЩ߼֪߼ȱƷ
Ҷ̸ķڷ֮ڲ˫֮Ҳ𽥽ϴԼĿڴ˳ʼ׼ˡ
ˣȻѾóˣˣҶΪ԰ʱһҶнеһ˿ˣ
ôСһԼôûţǰЩĿɿڴҶ̲ס
Ǻǣʦûţֻǰûϣʦܹ΢ָһ£ҶĻȻ֪˼ʼ
Ҷѧӣĵĵ˵ͷ˵ʵķӣӵʱҪĲϣЩҪǿԼôˣ
ȷ˵ɣһöҪ󷨣Щϻ߿䵽ϣҲΪ󷨵ԭϣ˵һЩжҶ˵
𽫲Ϸнһм֮⣬ܹԾܵķڲͳһĻͿԽĲϷ뵽ڲͻҲҪڲ׻ʧܵģ
ھҸһö㳢һ°ɣ˵ţҶ׵ĿڴȡһöľʯУһöѡĿ̵ҲǳС
óʼЩøֲͬĲϡ
ֲбĴܿһ㿪ʼ˸ֲͬĹâ
ɫɫۻɫɫȵȣʮҶۻҵɫб
ʼˡ
ˡһһ̵תҲֱ졣
Ҷ׾Ϳʼǳϸĵĵ
̡
һƺ͹Źֵ·вϵı̳һžҲ¶Ρ
Ҷ׿еͺһ˿ߣܹЩֲͬɫĲϴ˿棬̵һı档
Ȼڵ̣ǽҶ׵塣
УҶȻܹܵҪѵľ޴һʱȫļⶼŽ
˼ֹŹֵĹ¹̵һ󷨾ȫһգͲҪ˵ǵһЩεˡ
ʱȻҶ׽еһЩҶ׸Ϊ̾ˡҶ׾
Ϊܶ㣬һĵΪǳһ˵ڵ̵ʱܹﵽѾͲˡ
Ҫ̶ֳ֪ȣܶǻʾŻҲĵڶǿĶϧ֮ǰѾ˵ĵ̷ȴЩݺ뻹ջ𰡣̵һʱ֪뵽ʲôͻȻпһ
ͣһ£ֽſʼĵڶ󷨡
˵ӱϿڶ󷨺͵һʵ࣬һģһģĸֿĵڶ󷨿кܴ󽲾ġ
һֻһ̵ĺûȻ㹻Ӱǵ˵ڶǾֱӰ鹦Ĺؼڶ󷨵̵ĳɹʹпһЩ벻Ĺܡ
ֻЩҶܹᵽġ
ڣһѾΣһѾܹٲɫĹˡ
顱֮ϵβһʮʱ֮ڳҶ׵С
һö̵һѪɫͷֻһǣѪɫƬ˸һĹâ
ҹ谵棬ҶҲܹо֮ǿĳһ˲Ҷƺܹоһ嵱кһ
Сһղҽһö飬ҲһδڵĹͿԼ컯ˡ
סһöɱһͨǻʾǿߣʹ÷㲻˵ҲӦ֪˰ɣһö֮һ뵽˴ָбʧӰ١ͳҶ׵ʱˡ
ڶԸǸˣǵȼأ˵ķǳɣֵʱҶ׻ʮԥġϾĿɲǼͨıǿߣǲʮ߰˸ǿߣʮ벽ߡһЩȷʵԸṩپ顣
Ҷﲻͣ˼ʱһߣ߰˱ǿҲǾһֹ֪ʲô
ϴ˵ǸҵҪǺȥҪȻȰǸˣȥվӥߣƨЩηη˵
ӥһѵ㶮ʲôҲż벽ߣߵ˻࣬Ǿôȥ𣿡
ϴӦô죿Сܵͷ֪˵ʲô
ӥüͷһƺ뵽˰취˵ôһ˵Һа취ˣǸҵȻĿŵǸСӣǾͰиǣȵܾٳ֡
ӥһҶײѴ֮ͱĻ˵Ǿͱˣּ˵˵СǿڸɵĻôǾͳֳû٣ǺͲЩҲеһƴȻû˶࣬Ҳˣôˣ
ӥһԸȥµЩ˶ʼɻˡ
ʱ򣬲ҶסͬһҿջɸŮȫȻҪҶҪҶеĶżٵȸһ»ûġҺͻ塢Ҷڽսǲֵ徲
ʱͻȻһ´Ҵææ˽ڵ˵ǸСӽո뿪ջҪˣ
ţҪˣµЩͷŮվ˳ߣһҪ뿪ҵΧʱ£˵һܹϸ㵽һЩȤĶҲϣܾСӺа
Ȼֻǿ˹Ҷ׵ĲеǾҶСӲǱϿô򵥣㽫ԼǸѾ޽ӽߵĸҲˡ
ֻܹΪߵһ㶼ЩƢȻûгΪߣߵʱǺټ˵ġǲм£ŻԳǶʱһЩʱŻ֡һ㣬ѾԤ㹻ʱˡ


ʮ ӻû
Ѫ𣿡Լ֣Ҷ׶ʱ۾Ц
ﻹǣǱޱȺݶĿⶢ˾ǱǿһʱҲǳԲġ
ҶܹовʼںԼڰһӶƺҲƶᣬҶͻȻ˶ٶһЩھͿ˭ܹɱԼõҪĶˡ
һڳһɣ뿪Ƿ֮أȥִһ񡣿ĿǰͬʱϣҶ׻ǾûʮֵĲΪܹЩҲҶȻôȥҪȥĵط
һĿĵε㿪ʼˡҶôйҲЩۣǱ۵ǲһӶܹоҶڿǵôһ𵥴ΪϷŪǡΪҪɱҶǾֻܹˡ
ϣҶ˷ܵĿ⵱뿪ǵ˼ˡ
СӣΪڿϹһ죬Ҿͻᱻ˦йԵģǸȥЩ룡⿴Ҷ׾ȻſǴŵķȥҲ΢΢һ˴Ӻȥ
ȻǵߵУҶ׿ʼ߳Ž뵽һƬƽԭС
ȥһ޼ʵƽԭֻ΢΢һ֣߰˸ǿ߾ʹӺȥ֮ڼ벽ߵ»߳˿ǵĴţĴӺҶס
ܺ׷Ҷ׵ٶҲʼձڲ첻ĳ̶ȡܿҶױ뵽һɽȵСڲУܿ㱻λΪɱҶ׵ѵصˡ
ȻҶʶĻῼǸһ·ġ
СӣվסһӵϿҪ׷Ҷ׵ʱһͻȻӿٶȽҶ޸
Щ˳ҶҲ֣ʮȤʵŶⲻǲҵôǲźԼҸʲôѵҪͶɣ
ǼѵҪʶĸϽ׽һˣ˵лĻᣡ
Ļһ㱻ɱˣɱ˵ǲ㽲飡Ϊ׵ıǿȻҲǿб۷ʵҶҲһѡ
ΪϷҶȻϲСˡ
ⲢǴ˹ȥѡصԭͻȻԼҪ棬κ鶼Ĺ䡣ֵҹѵ֮Ҫһ£̵ܹĺôһԭҲܹһֱڵ̡
ˣԶмƥߵǰҶҲǰ˵ôһǿĿ㽫ıӸˡ
ϾǲҵȻҶʿһʶ
ͣϺһӿūһҶףһ֮Ż˵СӣöҵףǺţôôˣ
ղϸҶҪȷΪ硣ϾкܶϲԼʵɲ뱻˵档ǰСҲһСɵʵȻ񾳴ɣǲĿԻһЩ
ǾôҲһ񾳴ɵСӶѡٿԼߵЩǿߣһǱ۷壬㰲ࡣһ˵𻰾͸еˡ
Ҷƺ˼ǵ˵ӣǺǣ⻰˵ȤΪʲôҪӣһ·ϲٶȾΪӣǿЦ֮
һʼͰڳ߸ϵ̬ҪϷŪһǰ֪ߵغСӡ
û뵽ûˣ羹ȻǰСӸСˣòɫʱǺǣû뵽һ·ϵǾϷŪңǿɶȻ;׸ó˵һܹһȫʬĻĺܲҵģ
в𣿡Ҷ˲Ļ̧̧ͷ̲סʵһԼô˵Ӧûʲôָ˵ǣҵЩֵܶڸأֻҪǳ֣ҵЩֵܾͻһӵϵġ
Ҷ˵ʱ۾ʼճһطͺǸطʲôŻһ
ţҶ˵ĺ¶һĻҲЩˡһСˣһЩ͵ǿУƴĲˡ
ʱĿʼҶ˵ĻпġĻһϰļһôܲĵ׷ء
ѵôǰԼնϹҪǵ뵽ĶͷϲðһЩ亹̲סʵСӣʵ˵ģ
ܵʱ򣬲⻹һ־ӸµĿ⿴Ҷףڱ˵ʵҶĿǰ˵ûκηĻᣬһץסĻ׵ĳ롣
һ¼ЩϲԼץһҪӣȻִӺͳԪıһʲô顣
Щϲ࿴ɣ
һ뵽ϾֶһЩĵЦݡҶ׽˵ĻѾּܹ׵ˣ˵㱿㻹Ǳ˭ϣѵ黹Ҫ𣿡
ңͻȻ˵תһңͲܰվͻȻĿڣǮңЩǮˣһǣ
ò˵˵ĺܶԣǮҵ˿˫ȫǹ˲ҪҰճȻһٻɱҶѾԼͼ˵ķǳˣͻȻһתòЩűˡ
޵ľǺˣʱʲôϿ˵
ҾüȻǮܹҴȣǲΪʲôܣοǮҲС䣬Ҹ˵ܹһչȭˣͬʱҲĺûᣡ
ĺû᣿û뵽Ҷ׻ôϣеĽѾԶԶĳ
ѵ滹ǮҵˣӣʱǮһЩɫˣ˵ͷƺһЩ㣬תҶ˵Ȼ뷨ҲСˣȻᣬڰļƻ˵˵Ǳ׵ľ
ҶЦһϻһЦ˵Ҳ֪ǮǳСôõıѾȡˣһ˿вٺöģǵǿԡ
˵Ҷ׸˲㶮񣬲ҲЦЦ˵ãôˣ˵٣ԺҾҳĺġ


ʮ ӥС
Ҷ׺ͲĳּùЭʱӥǱҲѾĸȥǿҶױץʱЩжһЩڴ
ȻСӲǳصģȻǿߣҲѾҪǮҵ˸ɱˣǿϧӥɽţΪܹƭ˵ĸ֪֪ҶʮҶƾɱ֮ۻܹһ˿˿ġοӥôľ֮¼š
ȻӥΪһЩù飬صҲǷǳ˵ġҲǳԺ顣ҶѾǣлɱʵֻҶ׵Ľ£ıӥ֮ǰԤĹ켣
ϴô죬ŪǣҪٵһȣƨ涶ϵķ̲סʵ
Ūǣҹζ࣬ǱҪĿһЩܹԤеҵ˵Сڻֵôһ޿ֵӣ˵滹иİ֣һ֣ӥֻ£ǳƨǱ۷⣬ĸǰ벽ߣлɱԷʵټϲϰҶ׵ļҵһƱɵĺþ׬ˣ
ϰɣϲϱңӥȻ֪ܹʧ٣֪ԼֻҪĺÿ϶׬⡣˵ţһֱڲ벽߶ʼ׼ˡ
ಣ
ɽϷе֮һֱԶԶŲ˵İ벽һǿʼԵѾӿٶȳŲʱҲѾĿԴˡ
СӣȻûƭңڵװҶף϶ʱ¶һޱݵı飬ǼǸ
벽ߵҲı񾳻ߣʮڲռݾƵġ
ҲϣԷȻһԳ벽ߣһֱڸߴӵӥ̲סˡЩ˵ʵǿģѾ޽ӽǻʾߵʵ֣Űɱ˵Ļ͸ˡ
ɱӥŲǼ׳һİ벽߶Űɱ˾͸аˡ
Ҿ˵ˣ벽ߣǮһ˴ǮӶɱ֣׶༪ඣӥ̲ס֣Ҷ׶ʱҲֻ˵
ס죬Ҿȥô֪ܲҶ׻˼Ȼʮֺ£ǰҶХ
ӥʶЩӶȻ֪ЩӶʲôԵӥһ̣Ҷ׵ĻҲһˡ
û뵽ǾȻּˣһƺûиֵܺɫһǺҸΪξͲͬˣǵĿɱ㣡˵꣬ӥЦ
ʵһΪִе۹һġǡһιӶǵҲǮҵˡִʱΪһЩСףӥֵĺܲ졣ֻǮΪ˸ӣӥǸ
Ǹڴӵиɱǲ࣬Ƕӥײů˵ֻ֥飬ӥʹǸԷһӴӥҲǽǺϡһӥҪɱҲһЩ˽ĵġ
ҳ벽רΧɱӥά״ȵˣǾûбҪôȥˣ⿴˿ʱ䣬һʱ䣬ܹϵ˵Ҳ޼ɵ
壿һеӥ۾֪˭Ҳ֪һʲôˡ
ȻһΪһСЩìܣΪ˺򵥵Ľһ֣һβܾ˵޷ͻģӥһ뵽廹Щ
һκѾΪĨȥӰ
Ȼܹɱ壬ҲƳħϵʱ̣˵ߵΪ硣һ뵽ӥԭЩҲ֮ᶨ
úøţӰɱ˾͹ȥǣǰҵİ벽ѾΧӥеɷ͸ˣԭȫҲ˲䱬
ˡһ˫˫֮гڵһʮ׸ߣĿǲ⣬ʱòҵıڿʼЩ
벽߱Ͼʿڰ֮Ǳ㽫ӥ
һҰ벽˫ۺ£ͬһŴ׳Ĵ֦˷ݺݵĴײӥΪ˫֮ϴɫҲӥצ
ߵĲҰ벽ߣͬһ˫ǰ죬˫ſٶȷɿ죬ͺһºˮһڿڵĺˮ˫֮³ӥγһǿӥڰи
ӥв⼸벽߶ֻ廨ͷѡһ뵽Ǹޱȼɻ壬ȥ̫ν
ôһͣͣһ̴׳ľѾӥĸǰ
֨һӥǴŷ׵˫צݺݵץҰ벽ߵ˫֮ϡǶԷѾȫǻⲻ˱ӥ˺Ѫɫۼʱһɵ֦Ҳ˳ŲҰ벽ߵӥϲȥ
໡һС
о鲻ӥ˫һͬӥᣬֱӽ۳֦ĵķ顣ӥҲǽ˳ȥʱǸҰ벽ҲǳûΧ
ī죡
Ұ벽Ȼʵս鲻㣬ǼҲܹоӥǿɱοһӥһν֣Ա߿Ҳһһ涼ȫƺ޲һöԷϼһҲǳһǵһǣΪʺϵʱҲǽԼɱиʩչ
࡭
һöҪһֻӥԺ棬Ѿ뵽һɫĺСͺһˮĺһûκηͬʱҲǳû룬뵽˱վС
ӥۣӥ֪ԼЩˣ͵Ĵһ飬һ˫ӥ۽ԭЩǵ۾ȡһȻм󣬾ȻǸҵİ벽ߴɱ˹
ӥ˿̻װӣɱȴѾ׼ˡ
ȻֻüͷĲӬӭ˹ӥЦͬ󺣵е㣬һͦȻ˹ȥһ˫Ҳš
ͬһһ벽ߡ
벽߱Ӧú£ӦǴ˿ȴôƽƽӥΪԼٴ˻
ۡǼӥצӻץ벽ߵ塣˫ֵķֿ벽ߵǰؾȻ˺һȱڣѪͬһʺĻһų


ʮ 
֪ǲС壬ӥȻԸӡӥ㽫˺İ벽Щҡ
ȻΪʿӦΪʿľ벽߾ӱ˺ˣҲһüͷڹؼʱ̱סӥһȣҪֵ鷳
ߣȻ쵽Щ벽ƺڸǸûгʱ䣬ӥڳֵʱȴûиоаֱӽϰ˺롣
Ӧϲһİ벽ߣһת뱳ǸѾ͵Ϯİ벽ߴ档
ԷʵȻûǿ󣬵ƴҲСƶԷ⣬ԷԼƴǳҲֻһʿԼأӥʿ˵ҪһԼļ塣
ˡһ֦벽ߵһһӥͬʱ벽ߵ˫Ҳٴεһ޾ͬһˮһͣĵӵӥǰ
ǧ
ȻԼͬ鱻ӥɱˣ벽߲ûаϵĲø˷ȫԵù˼֡
һǿĲ֦һ𣬾ȻγһɹŹֵͼҪӥֽȥǸ벽߾Ȼһеһ˫õĿУ˫΢·ʵŶӥһ
ಡ֦һĶƵӥϡӥоҲöܹоЩȻ赲ĸ֪ΪʹĻһܾ̽ƴһ

ԭһˮ˾Ȼ߳ӥϲƹӥϲЩߵĿҲܹ̩ɽǰ治ɫ
ȻЩ׳ȻҲҧһЩƤëһ˫ԽԽӥ֮УЩǱԽԽһĸо
žžž
ӥ嵱ͬһйЩߺܿͱ˺ķǡ
һ벽һĻĻ֮ǰ벽һ
ܵһγ嵽ӥϵܶҡԽͬ籩һӥԭɵ̬ſʼ
ȼգ
ƺһһʹþûлͷ֮ˡ
˿벽վӥǰһ붨ܾõɮͻȻͻȻȼɫĻ档
ͬʱչ֦ʱҲͬһŷĴҪӥϡ
һŴ£ʱ벽ߵĿʼŤ
Сһ벽߲򵥰ȻʹõķЩףһ벽ܹô̵ʱͬ£һʹõԲЩҵϣֻǼ޷ɱӥҶ׻ڵװʱƺҲƽҶǱ̬ʮִȤ˵
ǺǣӥעҪҵ˴սһҵ벽ҲѾƵ˾ҶҲһϷı飬ⳡսǲʼǹһ˼Ŀ⡣һ̾ǽӮˣҲɱһǧ˰ٵĽ
ȻһֿǾɱа˰٣һǧ
ۡ
һ벽߻ȡһ˿ңӥ΢һЩСһޱȷ֦ݺݵĴ̽ӥƤСȻЩ֦ûд̴ƤԸӥһЩš
ʱ򣬲ԶǸȼɫİ벽ҲѾɱ䡣ȻȼԼһβμսϵּӲıȴ˿ûжҡ¶һɵĴͬٵһжҪܵһ
ӥһ彻֣ȻռһЩСˣһЩˣԱֻһСɫһɱȻܹԹۣȻҲµʲôҲԼԿϾҪԽǱˣ뵽Щʱ벽ߵ϶ʱһȻı顣һϵĴݣȴ˵ˡ
ӥȻܹģĸо벽Ը벽ߵʱԭֶξͱøӵĺݶˡ
ͬھɫȼյʱ벽ߵ˫ѾʧӰ١ȱȫԵøӵĹ¡ӥķﵽ͵ʱͬȵĲӥҪɫĻ潫ӥһճɻҽ
ӥôܸ벽κλᡣ벽߲ʱӥ˫Ҳ͵չ
ΪЩ֦ԵʣܽЧĶԤԼƾ˫ۣ͵һչȻԽֱ֦۶ϡ
ʱЩ۵Ķ벽ƴԽǺη塣οʤʼǰٷ֮١
ֻһζƴʧĻ鷳ɾʹˡ
ȶȹǰһ˵ɣȻη壬ӥȻûа˼ָѸһЩ
ڰ벽Ѿӥǰʱ˫͵һչ
ԭͬһһЩ֦˺ѡʱȼɫİ벽Ҳǻһɫ
չӥ
ԼȻɫ潫ĹŤĸһһϣӥҲżǲŲæĽԼ˫͵չɫҪƵϵʱ˫۾Ȼʼת
ءĿӥʼת徹ȻɫĻ档
һɫĻԽԽ󽫾ȻӥģӰںһγһ塣
Ȼܳڴڣڿɫڱɷ飬ӥҲǻƣĴӰ֮׹ǽڶ벽߸ɱˡ
ӥ˿ʼռϷʱһģӰѾԶͬһһߺݺݵ˹
ԼҪôѹƣҪôɱнЩɫĲڿӰ֮·޵Ĺһ¶Цݣ壬ˣЩ˵͵ɣ
ŲĿХӥϵҲԽԽԼļѾռϷϾпܽǼɱʱӥԭһЩصıҲǱ𽥵չ
ƴˣӥȻոոɵ벽ߣӦоԼͻ֮ǰҲԽԽǿˡ
ϵʱԭڲ߱ļ벽һӥ´Уӥߵļ벽ҲֻһЩƤ˶ѡôһߵƾԽԽˣһֱװҶ׼һˡƺԴΪܡ
˱Ҫɱģһ֮£˾ȻվһɱýˡǹûģͿôؼʱֽ̳ˡ
ȻʹһЩȴӥǿһЩһ־ͽӥһµĿȥ


ʮ ָ
Ҷڵװ˵ǰһоͺһ־һ
ƴһԶԶͬʱ׷ɱҪˬĶࡣƴɱΪҵʱӦȥոЩ˵ˡ
Ҷ״װ״̬վʱԭվһԵսľĲһӰҶ׸ˡΪҶҪʵж̬˸߲ҵĶҶ׿佱Сӣû뵽㻹ǴϿϣֻҪܹɱɱһ벽Ҿ͸һö񣡡
ΪҶֻǮҵһСආΪǵĿһһöۡ
ȷʵ۸һһֻóԼͶֵСආҶ˵ѾһˡϧǲȲ֪Ҷ׼ȲǮҵˣһҶڵ۸ͱһö򷢵
Ҷ׻ʮʶȤ˲ߣһūŵӶԲ˵Ǳ߿ɶǰ벽ߣ񾳳ڵСȥȻܹǰ֧һöĻһֵĻһЩֻЩòôǮ
ǱߴҪҪֻ۷ǿػڲߣڲڿȻ޿֡ټϱҶӣеջĸо˲㱻ȼˡ
һӴԼĴָͳһȻ󣬵ȴװжٶöݼ׵ʽ
Ҷ׵¶һūһЦ۾⣬ò⾹ȻһЩޱ߼ʵĳɾ͸СֽװָҶ׵һ˵Сӣһöָװö񣬸ղŸ㿴ֻһֶѣֻҪúøɣŪ϶ûģ
˵ţ⿪ʼŪԼеĴָǵٴοҶ׵ʱͻȻҶԭĿ⾹ȻʧӰ٣ȴ֮ľȻһϻӡò⾹ȻԵʵĻ
ѵСǼͶϣһ뵽ܣһֱСĲͻȻӱҶɱεļѹʱ־ѾЩˡ
ûȲ͸оԼһһǰҲǱСɵʵҶ׵͵Ϯ֮ӲûзıҶһİֱۡ
һҽдɤ۵з֮󣬲ڵԼѾѪͣĴȻʹҲǲִСͱܹܵġҶǱһöɫĴָ̲סҪЦ
ߵļ۷ıûеһʱȥԸҶףƴĻסҪһʱˡĻǰҶɱˣصҲʲô³ġ
ʱҶһ߿ż۷ǿ߸ˣһ߷ŪŴָĶ
һöĴָλ㲻ָϴŵһöɫĴָҪһЩǱȴĺܡûĹӦһöָ׾ͱ˷ֵġ
ӶĴָͲͬһöָܹѪҺΪһ壬ܹΪҶһ֣ҪλȡƷܹ֮һöֻҪĴָ˵ѷɫˡ
Ǽ﾿ôҵģȻҸ˵ˣñүҶ׿һֵֻĲȻƴ˻ֻܹ˵Ҷ׶廹һЩ
Ҳ˵˲С̬ʵı֡˵ıǿ˵ֹܹѪзɱ˵ϧǲСֻɱԼʵܶĶ֣һˣȻ֪ԷŰɱĿ¡
ڱ۷ǿ߽˿ڵʱҶҲǽһöɫĴָһ顣˶ٶö֮⣬ûзʲôöԵ˿ڱ֮ҶǼΪмҡҡͷ̾˿˵û뵽ڴĶǲֵһᣬ㲻ǲһΪһؤǮأ
㣡Ҷ׵Ļͨ죬ڻ΢ʹֱۣԭһЩ֪ǰ겻ô׶Ըġӥ֮սڽšͬ˵ӥܵǮҵɱģôǰ䵱նǷǳɹġ
ôһļƻ˵ˡ
뵽еЩԹ޾ͽıϾڴ򶷷ǺóڰķУթУ˿˵ġƾͨ˲ɸ߲һϿɳΪһǿиɵĲ
Ǻǣû뵽СӻǴȻǽͷݣߵʱûǳԻͷݰȻﺦ£۷ǿǱȽһЩġ
ǼˣǲҪðաΪὫӥļȫʰġ⣬ǶǰڳǿȽϸȤûɱ֮ǰ⻹ЦЦ˵ȻҲò˵㻹һЩļƺͱµģҲñүһôĿϧעһأ
ƻװУһֱǲı¡οȻǴƣֻӥĹ˼ɣԶԶҶ׵Ĺ˼ɡ
ĻҶ׾ȻûͷûԵĴЦǲˣѵ֪ڵľѾӥʰˣֻ۷ǿ߱ɱֱ練ƣ
ţҶ׵Ļ΢΢һ㶣֪Ҷ׻˼ǵĥζʱɫڵһӱĸҶױҪŭ
Сӣǲˣã͸ᣡԼ߱һɫһ۷ǿ߱վ˳ֱӳҶڵķȥ
۷ǿҶ׸һ֪ţ¾ûиղһ־ˡ
СӣǼͱҪк³ˣ˵ţ۷ǿߵӰ㻯һģҶס
۷ǿʵս鲻ǺܷḻҲǼûоʿܹġһʽҶ΢Ӧܾܿͻᱻڵϵɲзˡ
Ǻǣ⻰˵Ҳ̫ˣǼһɳǿ˵һẦ£ϧһעĺܲҵģ۷ǿһΣץСʱҶҲ͵һĽץһӰͬһһҧ۷ǿߵĴȸ
۷ǿ΢΢һϲΪԼĻˣҲֱһҲҶ׶һ


ʮ ˱乷
ʵϣҶһ־ͽĴָǷǳȷģּһԼʵǿҪŪﻤǷǳġ˿̴ָϣͻҶ׺Լ½ֵʱʱʱĸҶһЩ鷳ȻЩ鷳Ҳʲô鷳Ҷæˡ
顱һӰһ𣬲ûгֲɱĳҶҲûбȻıˣ±Ҷ׵Ӱĵ˳ȥһӡòô붼벻ͨ
ȻƵҶ׽ֵı۷ǿߡ˿ľȼֱһ޿ɸӵĳ̶ˡû뵽ԼһҶ׵ʵȻǿᡣһ̣־Ⱦͱ˿־塣
۷ǣŻھȵʱҶѾʤ׷ٴǰ
ˡһȭҶ׵ֱֱ֮ͬһ˷ͻһôľ룬۷ǿܹʮĸоҶֱ֮ϼⲻֱͣͺ̫õȺҵʳһ
۷ǿ߲ò𷴿ȭͷһȻҲײһ΢Ƶ죬ײ֮һҽд۷ǿ߿нк
ۡһһŤѵϴֱ嶼ŤΣΪһȫĹǼܡҶ׵ȭͷճû뿪
֨һҶֱϵļ⻹ƴתȻֱӽǿߵֱŤϣͬʱҲǽǿȫļ˳˺ѣЩĹҲͬʱ˺ĲӲֶ֪˼
ͨһ۷ǿߵȭͷҶ׽ʳƬҲǺԤ׵ˤڵϡ
һ۷ǿ߾ͱҶɵľ͸ϵˡȻҶܹϵһΪҶ׵ʵս鼫ḻԭһҲΪ۷ǿʵս漫һִͷתͻûл֮ˡ
ˣ۾͵գգջǴɤð仰ġһȷҶ״ӸտʼڰϻǲҶΪʲôܹʼװڡ
Ҫ֪ܹҶʵĻ˵̣ǶֿһǰֱӽֵĹͷ顣ǸʱͲֵλпָܱΪѡˡ
ִСͷԴҶҲûдû뵽ҶֻһӵײСӣ˷ԴȥЩ顣οͷɽѹšܹеԴܣԤ뷢ӳĻڻĻⶰ¥һҲ᳹ױġⲻֻǴǾ֮ҲδѵΣʶ
ǺǣʵȷʵǿһǶһ䣬ѵôǿʵǮ־Ͳÿ𣿡ͻȻ뵽һ飬ǰ꾡Ȼܹӥһľ˵ʵսǳḻɱԼ⼸ûвʵս»ǲġ
ڻôһҲҪȥȡһ¡ȻĻôͿǲԸͬʱҶ׽ʱҲʾԼĸ׼ʱȡһɱҶ׸¡
ʵҶٴЦӥѾܾ˵ףҲ⣬ʵûôӣֻҺǿ˸Цѣ
˵ҶױŻЦ˲⡣ͷһ䣬͵һʹɫߵ۷ֱ׵ĳȥҶ׸Χ
ߵǸ۷ǿٶȼ죬һЩǱʡϧǱҩģսоһʱҲǺѽսӳһȭλЩ꣬ٶҲû㹻ǺѶвġҶԵһ۷ǿߵʱ򲻵ûӭȥ
ͼֻ֧֣ҪԷĻߣȥײһ¡
ɢ
Ҷ֪ԼһԶ۷ǿ߾綼ߣָܻսʤ֡սپһС
顱һԷǴϣ϶㾡ȫҶҲ빼Էĺ⡣ֱ֮ϣҶ׵ȭͷֻһ¶ԷڽԷȥʱҲ˲һЩԼս
ۡһ֮£۷ǿһֱֱӱ򱬣ѪһӷɽȥһѪ
ͬʱҶ׽֮ϵ΢΢һЩڰ֮ͣ͵Ťת壬һӰҲǻһɫİӺݺݵ˴͵Ϯı۷ǿߵֱۡ
ΪҶ׵ٶʼҪһǿֻ÷ԼĹɷءһҶ׾˿ɳ֮
顱һҶ׵һȺݺݵ˦ֱ棬ֱӽֱ߶ϡҶ׵һҲ˦˳ȥ
顭
ţҶ׵һӰݺݵ˦ڱ۷ǿߵԽǿ߶˵£ͬľ׮һͷ档
ۡһ۷ǣֱӱҶ״Ѫ²ʡ
Ȼһ۷ǿҲǱҶ׷ϵһֱۻһЩս鵽̶ֳȣֻʹ˼ʮϵװˡ
ʱҶڻߵ˲ߣϴСһĲͷΪҶ׻ʲôҪ˵͸оԼͻȻ
žһһֱҶ˫裬һƨڵˡ
ô뷨أǲ룬ȵνҲȻͻ뾡취ĥأһ׵ĺͷǲ⻹ǱҶ׺ݺݵץ˹ȥЦʵ
ȻΪûҶôõԽһܹԼתʵҶ׽ĵһ´зϵʱͿʼʣµ¸Լȡᣬ󻯣Լӹһ٣صиĻҶˡ
û뵽ҶײûиᣬҪҽ׻ܡǴĽҪӰһ㿴ҶףҲΪ뵽ֶõսľ
ûУûСҶ״һ֮󣬲̾ͱôࡣ
ܹΪǰֱޱԺգڲڲǲȨǲ֣ͯʱҲб۸ĺһڵϽүүʱֻѾԽԽԶˡ
û뵽ǣĺոոٲãͱһҶ׵ֱִԭΡ


ʮ ӥ
ôҼǺأҾҲû˵֮ǰҶ׵ĿǺҪôĻôڱҶ˵֮󣬲ĸıԼ̬ͼǵԼеһԹޡ
Ȼһ;ƾһЩ츳ͼİڣսҶǰ൱ûУǵС󣬵ǲͷһɵϡ𽥵ĸоҶ׾һʲôĽɫˣ˵һʱҲ죬һֱ׳ĸо
Ҷǿ¶һ˿ЦоԼҵһЩ⣬ϽЦ˵ǺǣϴܹĳĴϲһЩϻ飬κͻҲҵĹǾֶԸӥǣٻֳܹļֵ
ʱһƣӥ֮սҲҪ𽥳ֽҶ׻ûµһܹһЩ߶ˡͻȻʲôеһЩ²Ҳ˵˳
Ҷ׿˿Ǳܾ˵ǰŻĲЦ˵С⣬ȷʵ˵ˣԭ˶Ըҵģʵǲһ˵ģܹҲʧأҲϲԲŲôһ֣𣿡
ǺǣףһڣȻװϥ˵Լֵһ㶼һūš
Ҷû뵽ȻôƺϵΪ绹ҪϵȻʵɱֻǲʮǧһͷʦ⻹ûġҶױ˼Ĳ⻺˵ұҪһģ
Ҷ仰˵ʮأĲͷĺ৵ҶļʾҪšù˵ͷҶּ˵ڿĴ̶ҪĻҪһЩʱҪ㵱ĸ֪ûȤ
Ҷ׵ĻƴĵͷʵҲ֪Ҷ׾ʲôҶ׽ʲô֪Ϊ˻òͷ֮⣬Ҷ׵ݼҲ˼㡣Ļôܻ᲻ɫ˺ӥ˻ƴĳ̶أ
ӥ»ⳡսʤߣļѾӥƵ·ϵʱҶ˽˵
ȻҶ˵Ļò޷ܣ֮Ҳ޷ġ
ҹȥɣȻܺ£ʮֵСҶ׵ûκηġҶһץ㽫ץӥĸǰ
Ҷףӥ˳ȥһξ룬ҪҶ׾ٶİҲ޼¡ӥͻȻֲ־ȻˣҼпҶ׸ŪϵģЩ
ͻȻ֮оʲôȻʮֿ϶Ƭ֮䣬΢ͨһ㣬Ǿ϶ǱҶ׸һ¡ʱ򣬲˵ˡ˵壬ҲãԶйǱˣһǾǴӮҲˣǡ
ʱ⻹û˵ҶװǶˡ
˿һұ飬Ǳ߱еļ£ڵݵĿ⿴Ҷףֿ˿ӥӥû뵽ǻ켣༸ʮĺݽɫǱһС޸ˣˣȰŪȰŪһŪٶŸأ
һ˵һ߸ԼֹѪҩʱĲ߰˸ҲϽûҩҩԻظҩĳԵҩƺѾ׼ٴսٻغˡ
ӥ˿壬ҲЩη塣ȻԵĸоһսӮˣٿԼ˶ļ¡ܹ뵽˾㲻Ҳᡣ
ˣֻҪ岻ܹһЩ⼸£ǹֵܣҪҾˡֶԸСӣ϶ͬ⣬ϣҲ³Կ룬ӥһѪˮ˵壬Ҳ֪ǵΪʲôСӣΪйڣСӺǵĵĿģȲѲųֵġ
ȻѾֵزҾͲЦҪСӵҲҪһְɣӥ˿Ҷ׺壬ڳһԾԾԵӡ
ҶײŤֱӽ˳ȥڳһӡ
һ֣˭ɱСӣӥһҶףҲųˡ
һǵĿȻҶףǵĶȴȻǶԷͺҶͻȻ򣬶ֻʨһ㡣ǿһΪֻǱСɵĶ֣ʲô˵ġ
Сɣӥʹ˲һɫԾ㱻ҶƵҲôڣһ㣬Ҷ׵ĳҲûʲô֡
Ƚ˵Ҷ׻ûʲô飬ӥҪҶʬεģӥֵʱȻ΢ͣһ£ҪӥɱҶ׵ĻᣬŻ׼Ҫӥش
һҵսҶ׼ͬʱĵˣҲ˸ıսֵĳ롣ƫƫ忴Ҷ׻ߵľݡ
ৡһӣӥҶ׵ǰϸСǱˣڳֵʱҲûаء
ӥһҶ׵ĸǰչ㹭ͬһֱԱҶסͬʱֻƸֻצһֻצץҶ׵ɤʺһֻצץҶ׵ǰģͬʱ޾ĺڵҶס˵ҶһֻСѾ뻢ˡ
ǾӥҶ׵ʱҶ׵ӰҲŻʱŷǰ񲻿һĻҪѶԸĶࡣ
ɢ
ӥľҶΪһֻӥצץӵʱ͵һӥֱۡһճŵȥӥĵһֻӥצı˷򡣾ӥڶֻӥצץǰĵʱҶ˫վȽŸֱӽһָֻץס
ɢ
ӥ׼ҪʱҶֱӽɢʩչӥȫ˲ʧɡʧԳ壬Ĺ׵һӥЩɵˡ
û뵽Ҷ׽ֻһĹ򣬶ԷƳơӥôƴʱͻȻоԼ˫һ顣ͿԼֱϵļͻȻҶ׵ֱŤ
ۡ
Ѫıըӥֻ첲ֱӱҶŤϡӥûкЩûֵһ˺ѷεĺϵŤ黹ǽޱȰյʹһĸֳ
һ˲䣬ԭһԿϷӥֶƴҶס


ʮ һö
ˣ΢ݶôһ㣡忴ĳҶӦһ򶷴ʼյߣǰϻĺݽɫûȥԹôһݽɫҪվԱ߿֡
Ȼ˰ֱۣǴıƺûгڰպͷŭУһͽĸоôͽȻĿǰ˵ʱܹǵˡھͿҪôճˡ
ӥô㲻𣬿ϧӴԺ㶼ûбˣӥ޾ķŭҶҲûкϻֱһĿڡתӥ౻Ҷֱӽ飬ȫ麣Ҷ׽ʳѪûӥļ¸ϵѾҶֱӻˡ
ɢ
ӥĸ£ǰ벽ߣҶ״˿ҲǺʾΪܹȥӥʱҶϵƺò׵ı
ء
֮ϣԭֻһȻһ磬ҶϵƸǴһСɵǿֱ˰벽ߵĳ̶ȡⲻӥ⼸³˴ͬʱҲһֱڿֵ屻ˡ
ۡ
һǼһѪɫҶ׵бֱӽӥĸȫ¾˺ķ飬һǶߵķһѪС
ӦþϲŶԣ鷢Ҷ׵ֻΣһַĵľܹоɱ¼ǰЩֵ֮ǿȻΪġ
ǿסȥɱ¼ĳ嶯ҶһָĪĿ⿴һԱŸĲҲЩĿɿڴ塣ܹܵ˵ľȳ̶Ⱥеľ¡
˭֮ǰúõ벽ߺһ۷屾ǿһ֮±һɱζкģοǵĿǰǵѻδ֪
û˵⵹ȱ̬ˣϴҾ֪һǰϻĽɫôĺƽأǰֻһС֮ǰһöָ͸ϴˣϴԺʲôõҵĵط˵ˣ
ܲſ¶һϥı飬վȴûһ˿һı顣ܹоҶ׵ʵοֻǲµͷŴֶѣȻûʲôȨˡӷ£Щƣȴһ亹վڲһ仰˵ͷһ
Ǻǣôı飬ҸղֻǺǿ˸ЦѣЩȥ˰ɣҺǼЩҪ̸̸Ҷ֪ԼʵҲزסûйȥڸʲôǴ󷽷Ľɵվǿߴߡ
Ҷ׵Ļ΢һ£ֿ˿΢񣬱ߵԶȥϢˡ
ߺ󣬲Ͻһ·СܸҶ˼ʯͷһСܵҶ׵߼װʲô
ʵʱѾըˡܹµʵ˲ˣټҶ׻ôᣬĳͼݵλҲ͡һ̲ﾹȻ˱ȵ뷨
ҶҲ𴩲뷨ȻҲĳǸʱһзϡҶұȻܡҡȻڸƾԼʵȥһԼҶңǹȥǸһôһ룬Ȼһִƴµĸо
ɱӥֻǾӥûа취ãǰڼҲ㣬㲻Ĳһöֵӡ뵽ҶԭƽҲǶһЩı飬С⣬֪ʲôʲô԰ɣ
Ҷ׵Ļݺݵĵ˵ͷҶҡҡͷ˵ҲʲôֻһͨˣһҪԼͨˣҺһЩͼźܹϵģ
Ҷ׵ĻһЩССʧǾΪԼܹܺõЩ֪ԼЩС˼ǱҶ׿͸ˡõҶ׿϶Ĵ֮󣬲ֳϣ
ȷһžı£ʱҪʵҪԴЩԴȻЩɵйĴͼˡôܹЩеõԴȻǺЩܵĹϵôһ⿴Ҷ׵۹ֶһЩݵĳɷ֡
Ҷ׶ڲҲǼֲ֡Ҷײž֣ûʲôüֵ
ܹλǿѧܹλʮѾǲ׵ˣŪʮлûһԲּʹСˣȻ˷Ļᡣ˵ˣǿԼܱ׾ȴޱĿڼз쵱ġ
ȻһȻܹΪһöӣȴܹΪĸҶ׿ͶĻܿԶֻһϽ
ҵĹϵȻҲҪףЩͼ˶ȻҪһЩְܹЩȻҲҪȥһЩ˲ţ˵Ҷ׹ͣһҪı顣
ϣ˿̵ı鿴ܿƣʵҲڲͣĿȥӦҶ׵뷨ǴҪģĿǰֻҪܻҪģڴӦҶ׵ĳŵԺҲǿԲϵġ
ϴ˵˵ȥҪʲôأⱻҶ˵ȻҪǻЩƵʵ
ʲôûȷԺȻдѵȥ֮ǰҪȷһ㣬ǲĸԸ£ĻһͰҵĻԷ磬˵ǲǺɵأСһĲ⣬ҶһӾʹе뷨
һЩ˵˵ϴ˭֪˵ʲô˵һҼͷǲңѵҲҪһ𣿡
̶ֳȣȻ֪Լ˵ĻܹʲôãˣԼҪŪҶǾԲܵģûд˵ٻܹоôҶף³ᱻӥõȥ
ʱһһҲʲôΪֻǸҶ׵սһССֶѡ
ǺǣȷʵܴĲʱ򡣡
ȻҪ£ҲӦ֪˭ҲҾǸͼϵҲܹʱһЩҶװѻ˵ʱ򣬲ϲŶһЩóϷı顣ֻ֪Ҷ׾ǬǱߵģ｣һߵˡ


ʮ ̶
˵ⲻԼܹ󸻴ǼٵģԼ츳Լڼ嵱еĵλ
ƾԼ粻֮ԼĴͶ֮õһݺ͵λɵǵ̵һˮ㲻ְλҲףǵҪȥͱҪѧ᲻ϵӦԲҵļѹҵƣÿ촦һּƣ״̬
עⱲƣڱʲôɾ͡ϲڼѹ£ȴûаֿ
ܹҵӡ˵ĻҲǲԵġ
֪뷨֮󣬲Ҷ׵һ֮ǶôļҲ޴Ҳɹյġ
Ҷߺ󣬲⿴ԼߵһѪУΨΪ侲վ󡣾ܲЩģõ
ܹоǰԽԽԶǸӵеıǿǱЩֿܹģΨܹľӶԷİţһӡ
ܹЩ˵ȡһλᣬδؾͲһõĿʼֻĿǰҪٶһЩģܹо͹飬ڲƵʱ²İο˲⼸䣬úƽһЩ
תͷ˿ԼСūϳ˶һ˿ĵЦݡ˱Ƿء
˵ҶףȻиԼһöӣһöܷ񿰵Ҳܹȷöӻ᲻󵹸꣬ҲûʮİաԾ͵һп޵ɡ
ôҶ׾ûôĹˡ
ڶ˵صҪ黹ɱĵڶĿ⡣һѶȻҪܶ࣬Ƕ˵кܴռġοڵʵѾ˰벽ߣʱնɱѾ㲻֮ǰôˣҪССġ
Ͼȣ߼ÿʱÿ̶дʿЩ˹ʿĸ֮࣬϶ʵⲻͬǣĸ벽ߴⶼʿֵܹһĴ
Ҳ˵սɱһЩ򵥵û⣬΢һЩѶȿĽûôˡһϲ˵ĸʿҳ϶ѾԿˡ
һҶѳ̶ȡ
ΪҶֻȥǲμһͨᣬԶγɲûа㵢󡣴һܹ֮һĿıؾ֮·ֻҪָĵص㸽ȴһܹҵǡʱ
ڸ·֮Ҷ׳˼ƻһɱ֮⣬ȻҪŪΪʲôɱ¼᲻ԶΪ硣һһʼ޷ͨ
ļ£Ҷ׿ʼƴ˽ɱ¼ÿһݡھʱķ񹥹أɱ¼ΪʲôͻȻˡ
ԭɱ¼еľ䶼Ƿǳ׼ģƵҶ޷ֱӵĳ̶ȡ
⾫ȷļ㷽ȻлɳˣͨΪ͵ԭܹľֵһΥɱ¼ÿһɱҪͬʱҲɱ¼뵽һ޷ԤΣС
ҶΪ绹ܵ͵ʱ޷оִĺǵΪﵽʥ۷壬߲εʱһĴ󣬾ͺܿܵɱ¼󷨵һûпɱ¼ױҶ׾Ͳö֪ˡ
ҶȷԼѾܵɱ¼ĳͷֿ֮ʼעԼʣľֵ
ʮǧŰ١
ҶҪ̫ûˣͻȻԼһƭСԭܵѹǮǱǸνĴ˸ƭˡ
ҶװյʱͻȻ뵽ɱ¼ջ仰֮棬֮Ȼ𣬾õþ˥Ȼ䣬ν֮ǿߣŵһ𣬳֮˷仺ԲյͷΪ죬мǡ
뵽Ҷ״ɱ¼ʼߵһģ֮еİձһ˲ЦݣʧӰ١
ҶЩ֮󣬱ר벽ߵİ֮
˵鵤񾳣ǽڵ鵤ڻתΪ嵱ÿһ缡⵱ܹɵ鵤ڵĵطǱǿ麣麣űǿʵܹɸ̲ȫγԼ֮γԼĹͨ
ǻʾǽ֮ᴿͨ뵽Լ嵱УԼ󷨣Ϳʱ޿нȺǵǹԼսǻʾ߱ʱ͸ӿˡܶʱһͨĻʱܹȻӵǹ֮ԼĹʮĳ̶ˡ
ҶڹۿԼΪʱҲǽԼ֮Ϣſһ顣
ɱҶ
Ƚף벽ǻʾ
ֵ378900Ԫɣ5㡿
սֵ2900
ֵ150000
ֵ40000
ȷʵѾСΪɱ¼ĳͷʵ¶Ҷ׻ΪԼʵȵ嵭ĵеһЩ
һʱҶҲѾ׼̶ӵĵص㸽
⣬Ҷ׵˽ҲֻǾ棬Ƕ׼ٵ̶ӣҶ׵˽ҪһЩ
Ҫ֪½֮һȻţëǴͼҲʮѡЩ˴֮䶼һЩԼġЩԼЩ֮Ż˴ƺ⣬ֲ˴˲ģĳͻ
ĳ̶ֳϲ˱˴֮ԹĵĽĴ쵽˱ƿص۹ȻΪҲǽìͷָҵ̶ӡܲ˵ҵһѣ֮һµĽ
ҶһһƬɽбһΪεĵطһ̰ĺԼеֶʧӰ٣嶼ΧʯΪһ壬һʯͷ
ˣҶ׻ƴĻ벽֮嵱ľ޴仯֪һʱܿ͹ȥˡ
ڶ죬峿͸һƮƮȻȻƲ䵽˴֮ϣһɫմӵƽ֮»
˿Ϊ뵽ɽеҶѾܹо̶ڴӲԶǿơɽƺûг֡
û뵽صôҶһ̶ӿϢʱĵĸɵ̶ӵһȥ
ȻıֶЩ죬һʱỹ˵Ļɣοָ߶Ƚŵľ£ЩһҲǵսľǣ·ʡôͷץסϼ𷣡


ʮ 
ˣ˶ʰһ׼·ˣϢһͷĿ˿еĻ̲סͷ
ŴͷĿһ£еĻһЩոճԷͷĿϽʰ»صԼĸλϡ
ΪӶҵģĲҵҲӶЩȻҲûдﵽӵĳ̶ȡ෴󲿷ֵĻǲΪһ֧֧ԶɽС顣Ҳһӵǿ֮һ
Ϊ֪Ǭܻ֣ǿλӵʵӵͷһ޽ӽߵ׺ʽܡ
ȻĿͷȫµļҲǷһЩųĸоÿҶ׵ĿɨʱǾһɲԶǿƣƵлһЩҶҲѿĶ
˲ʽ֮⣬ĸ벽߻ʼմ粽ڲʽܵߡҶûв´ĻһĻȫڲʽܵϡ
˲ʽߵһЩǿ֮⣬ӵлһ벽ߵĴͷĿʮ۷ͷĿıǿǶൽʮλ֧鵱иûбǿµСڡôһȻٵĳɱ
˵һβʽϴŵıЩʩõصĻѾֵϰöġܹɹʽɱǵõĺôᳬǧö񣬾鱨˵⻹ǱصĹơĻҲôıǮӻӵˡ
ΪѺƷ·֮һЩ۾ޣһ˵ĶܵһЩ谭һ˴ȥΪתһЩģǱôһٽ»ᵢʱ䡣ʱһһĽʱ䣬ʧľͲǼö񣬼ʮöˡ
¡¡
˻ڲͣ·ʱͻȻǰɽ֮ϳ˴ƬĹʯЩʯͣĴɽ֮ϻƬŨ̶ֻ̡ܹͣĿżʮĹʯǵǰǵĵ·׶֮ɽȱֳһļž
ԭһʱ̶ӱɽѵʱ򣬲ʽԥһ»ǽ£ƺоʲôҪˡ
̶ӵеĻ£һһ֧֧ʱС顣ȻЩСЩΪսƣǵϣҶ׷ʵȻԭеĻֹ֮ɼڻӻû齨ʱЩǾһЩӶŶӵĳԱ
ЩʱСӵ齨ʽܵҲ¶ޱص飬ٴһվڶǰ濴ɽ֮ϵĳ
ʱҲǳҶ׵Ժ棺СһһҪкϷˣ
ŶĻҶײգգ۾˼ûиоɽĳ֣ܹоһɹǿѾǴɽ֮ϵĳѹˡ
󷨣ֻЩͨһԱҶ׻ܹԵĸо̶ΧľʼͣıáԭĻɽҰҲһƬ󺣣˴˿̾ͺһҴϳ˷Զһ
ͻȻ֮յܲ꣬Ϯ綼ʼ߸һ˵ƺҲһҡڲ
ҲҪţֻ󷨸ɵĴѣĵ˿»ڰϼӷܹȹվʮֵĲվڴͷʽʼûбֳκβʣһֳ۳µĺ׳־
˿̾ŵһ˳ǹҲǱͬһһͣ뵽ãã󺣵С
ˣҶͻȻһЩоܹоԷıǿѾˡ
飡
һֵǾһ㣬ʮ׸ߵĹһޱȴִ֮ûзǳֻ̣һЩǷǳͻԲǡЩԲǿƷʵԲۣȴһЩϡŹֵĻƣ˿֮ȻһЩѣεĸо
֮⣬ϳŴƬɫëЩëϺƬһļһ𣬾͸Եù¡һֱ㽫Ŀ⿴˲ʽܣҪһڰһ
˹ʽƺİǶɱĵ֡žĽʽ̧𣬲ʽվھͷǿܹԻ⣬˵ǲ֣û뵽㾹Ȼôһ󺣵󷨵ǣǿҰ
ʽܵĻʱЦʮֵĹ죬ʯͷĦһȴһּëȻĸоͺʽȫĹͷһ
ôһֱǵж״̬һֱǲҵĶ֣ҲõȡʱˣѵҲ𣿡˵ƺںʽô˵ģޱ˵
Ϊңİ벽û뵽㻹ǲԼˣҲͲˣԽԽ䣬ʱĻ£һƬƬȻڲʽܵǰֱۣͣӽʽڵľ˺֮ϡ
һɲǣûȲʽ֣ܳѾɱ˹ȥ
ͱգû￴ܱ׾жһİ벽߻ҪʤһʱӰҲǳڲʽܵǰ
ʮ׸ߵĹֻһϰ׵ľһ֮ʧӰ١ת˲֮䣬һɫ۰ɫһ޴ͬһһ˲ʽܵ塣
໡һ̶˲䱬ը
һǺ캳أͺһĺŽһ˵вͣš
ˡ
ĲǿһһԲ֮ϾȻҲһЩǵĹâһЩ΢΢
ЩǵĹâҶ͵һ鴤ЩǵĹâͨʩչȴܹ͹ԳǿĹЧӵǹ֮ʹһѾʱԽǻʾߵĳ̶ȡһʵķԾˡ
ѵѾǻʾĻߣǰΣҶײ뵽תһ룬̶ֳȵĻ鱨֮ٻʾ
ӽϲûаʾҲûжýǻʾһ׼ȷԤ⡣˵ⲢǿԼʵ۳ģпǽ󷨴ﵽЧ
ôһ룬ǰЩȻˡ
ȥһ޴ʽܲûаţӾĶͷ͵
һԭסľȻͻƺֱͻˮֱӳ嵽ĸǰݺݵײһ𡭡


ʮһ ͽ
顱һһɵĶһڱҧ˾ͷ­ȻҲǱײĻҡڲͣһεĳײռ˼ƣ˿һֱھĴǼתͷȻƽƵ˹һΡ
һͬκ˰Ļ֮϶ʱһޱӿ˻˻£һҲǱе˳
ʽܣ˳һ಻ʮ壬ҳ־ר㣬ҪҸǰˣһɣǹȻ¶ſı飬һ󴬵ƶǹҲ󲽿ʼƽӡ
󷨣ܵһνܱʧҲûаĻţ䵽֮㿪ʼ֯һС͵󷨡
󷨵ۣһſ׵ͻҲǳڹǰ
ȣһͷͻһЩֵĻƣɫɫ䣬Щ졣֮⣬ȫȻһЩһëžһĶڻƯšһ˫ɫ۾Գһͷͻ¡
ֻʮײʮ׸ߵĸͷڹǰԵЩѷɫһЩ
ǹ£ҶȻ󷨵ĩˣȻܹо󷨵ɡ֮£ֻǹһ˵Ĳʽܸոͻıϣٴǹɱȥ
ֻ˫͵һͻĺ󱳣ͬһϺɫĹâһϺɫĳǹҲǴб
ˡһųǹ˫֮бߣһɫҲӦ˹ǰء
ܲʽֻһһСˡһǹбȥȻһ״֣ʮ״ϸľ
ڹո󴬸ǰʱһҲǺݺݵȥ
Ծľһı۰ҲĲӶžͿһޱȴִŹݺݵ˾ͷ­
ءһһܵشͬʱҲǺݺݵ˦˳ȥ
žһβͺݺݵ˦˹ϡֻһ㽫ĳһѪɫۼһùյһЩΪϵƬȴҲû̫ܵ˺
žһҲǻΪӰʧӰ١ɼһֱӽֵȫһա
ǼȻԵ÷ǳ⡣֮£ǰ˴󴬵ĸǰ
ʽƺѾϵôһ󴬲û͵ȥ
䡱һһѾܹ͹Ĵ󴬺ݺݵײ˹塣ûзһײ˹ȥ
ʱ򣬲ʽµһͻԥֱ˹
ڹǰһͻĶ˵ֻ൱һ񹷵ĴСǱҧһҲǻѪġ
оԼѾ﷭еı۰Ӷȥ
໡һҽУһͻͬʱͻҲǽֱ۸ҧסһҲŹĳʹС
ǹ£
ͬʱʽҲǴӰ֮˹ȫıһϺɫľҲǴбֱ˹塣
˵ûʲô¾ٶĻʽܵһܻܿὫԴġ
Ы߳ҶΪʽֵܻʱ⾹Ȼӹͷ­г˳ͬʱչ˫ۣЫһ޴ıͬˮһӿӲһڰвܹپ֡
ʽܣΪģ˭뵽ʵȻ̶ֳȣֲӲƴȤӹ嵱ɱ֮󣬹徹͵ı仯һֻɫţ
һͷţͷ֮ϳһޱȷǡһ״ϸͲʽܻƴʱһͷţѾű׾ݺݵײ̶ûͻ
ۡͷţȣ̶һҴԵޱȵľ޴Ŵ󴬵ĳ˷ˣҴѾײţ塣
һţ屻ײѪģһǱײķǡҶǰһƷҲǻΪСΪ˻վʱһֻͻıȻһ˫򣬴˷ɵ˰֮С
һ˫Ҳ󷨻ûĲܹ뿪󷨵ȴ԰ǰΣٴαһƽ״̬
¸¸£û뵽ҵƵϸЩϸڶȫˣӽ컹һӲҪˣȻˣҲûбҪηηͷſֽŴһɣʽٴκݺݵĶƴһΣͻȻЦ
ţײȫһƴƺоͻǰεĽ֣ȴûз̶ĴֱӽͷţһĻɫâݺݵ˰֮еķɻ
ɻţװҪȴһɫâȻһŴ̶Ӹ档
Ϊľת˲֮ʧ󺣿ݽߣָֻ˱ò
ɱһ̴˷ȻٵɽȻ̶Χס̶ɽһҲǽ뵽˻ƴĽ׶Ρ
û뵽ô͵սսʱ򣬿ҵļƻҲӦÿʼʵˣɽɱ˹̶ӵķͳ˱ףҶҲ׼ʱ뿪ȥո벽ߣٽ⳹ɱ
Ǿʱٴγ֣ԭ̶֮еĻͷĿȻ󵹸꣬ΧļǿȫɱһԭǱƽսƽȻƫɽһˡ
û뵽ɣѾˣٶĵҲ޼µģսĸı䣬еĺɫħҲǻƬӰݺݵնʽܵ塣
˿̵ĲʽȻҲ΢·磬ɽѾʼոӵıȻû̫ĸı䣬ƺȫӰ죬һʤȯյĸоԭҲͻȻЩ
Ҫ֪Ͳʽʶмʮʱ䡣⼸ʮ˽ֵĴҲ˶ʮΣÿһμܾˡΪ˫˴֮˽Ƿǳ͸
ǰľжϣʽּпܱܰɱһӦһҪûߡǽĲʽܲû߷ԽսԽ£ҲЩˡ
ѵʲô֣ѾսЩǣԲʽ׷ʹʽȴûаи
˿̸ոձҵĻӴͷĿҲ뿪˻ӵӪ뵽ɽǱߡҵĿյҶҲ뿪ĻӳǱǱȥ
Ҫ֪εǻɱ⣬ȻûбҪ̶ӻ


ʮ ͵Ϯ
̶ӼȻҵģҶױȻҲӽһЩӣʽһɱӽĻ̶ӱǾԲһɱ⣬˵ҡ
Ҷ뿪ӣֱǱֵСֵڻȫϢգĿɱĲʽܺ⡣
ʽʽĺݶȣʽԵðԵƥƶһЩѹ˲ʽһͷơʽҲһʳ׵ĻɫһֱѹƣܹΪΣĹͷһԼٴԿһ
һħݺݵĿڲʽеĳǹ֮ϣ˶΢˼⻹׼ٴνʽܻƴʩչΪԵʽȡøƵʱͻȻоһģӰȻԼı͵Ϯ
Ȼ֪˭ƾԷͬһٶȣ⻹ĸо֪ðʵԲ̫ࡣ
εʱ̳֣͵ϮȻʮֵջȴҲҴ⡣
ţ
ⱾҪŲʽ΢һСսģģӰĳֻ֣ܹ΢˺˼еħҲ׳ı۰򣬾ȻûΪħ
ħͬʱ֣ޱȹĻҲǴųĻ֮󣬲ûг˵ķҲĻ꣬ǴðһͬһĶ߷׷ײ˲ʽܺǸģӰ塣
һ˲䣬ʽܺģӰڵʧȥжһ
ֻ֪ʱҪսپĽһĻ
ϼһίˣģӰʵҪһЩǽĿ˲ʽϡһΪʽܵʵǳǿҪǳ˽ʽܵġ
ǶͲ˽ˡһҪԸͱȻźܶķա
ִΪԼģȥһЩʵĻ»淫ĿܡۺϷպԤ֪أֻһ򵥵жϱ㽫Ŀ˲ʽܵϡ
ϼһҵľ˾Ҫˣ¶̵Цݣͬһֻһ˲ʽܡ
Ϊ֮ǰʼյֻ˲һʱ䣬ԳСĲʽûȷӦĻ
Ȼͷٶȼ죬еļʻǰٷ֮٣ȴûʲôɱԼǲʽҲκʵԵ˺ЪȴǸⴴһɱʽܵĻˡ
߳ħոշֺֿƽһһħķâͱøӵޣһޱȹȵĸо
ˡһħ֮ϳųһޱҫ۵Ĺâ֮⣬ЩâһһŲʽܵϳȥ
˵˿һޱͣһп϶Ѫģڲʽܿɱвһһĺں⡣
һܲʽѾо˴ӿɱ⣬еĳǹȴûаֵͣǹâĳǹ֮ϾȻһ㣬Ҳ˫սǹշɶɣͬǹ֮ϵһβһݺݵĴһ֮С
ۡһΪһ˳ǹͷʮ㣬ǹ͸ǿûˣһеʱ˱ֳһߵơ
Ǳ˵Ļȡôõĳɹ֮п϶һЩϲڲʽܿµġΪ˵ԿһΪ
һʽܵĳǹںеħײһ
ʽܻΪԼгǹڳϵ΢ѹһ⡣󾢱һ߾Ȼħ֮ϴȥ
ħоȻҲޱȵһȦȦ˲ʽеĳǹеȻ󣬵ȴòʽ޷ƶ
һ̲ʽܲһһʲôˡΪǸûκιһֶҺڲʽܲȥƳⶾҺͬʱȫҲɱմȾ˶ҺЩҺȻصʱòʽܲһЩȫԵĸолɳˡ

еħεĲ֮ȻһߣҲŻûҶ׵ɱ֮ۿĻ˿̵˫ǶߵѪڣѻûħǶ߿еĶߺݺҧʽܣʽһߡ
໣
ʽܿĳԼѾ˱ɱ֮ģһʹóʱҲޱȵĺݶ͵ſҪҧԼеĳǹѾ׸סټȫԣʽܼѾûκηˡ
貨򣡡
ܴ˿̵ĲʽվıȻޱȵĳĬͺǰֻһ۵Сһ
Ƕҧʱ͵ҧеһɫҩ裬ͿȫȻ͵ųһɫĹââȫתâԽԽǿһɫ÷¹Ȼվ
ۡһܶҧ÷¹壬ĶѾʽܵԽԽǶȻûд̵ʽܵϣӲһͷ÷¹ļǸĵס
ȴô׾ͷŹʽܡֱӴӶߵĿǻ֮з˳ȥ˫ƺݺݵвʽܵǰء
žһʽܵʱͬߵķһɳȥŵĦʽֱڵϻʮԶһѪ˳ȥ
ʱǸģӰҲǳ
͵Ϯ𣿡оԼСˣʱһ䡣˫͵һ죬ħ㱻С
һһѪɫĹâ£еħҲݺݵײһ
顱һ͵һû뵽ʵĻҪǿȫһȻܹûл֮һЩ
Ϊ˲ʽܣһֿյ״̬׷ʹ򲻸ϢĻᣬ»Σա
ȻʽбֶΣ϶Ҳ
˫һ
һѪɫâٴʱ⾹ȻԼĿڴһޱȾµĺɫЫģ͡
һЫֻʮһĶȴ˫󷨣һɹɼǿĺڰƮݳ
顱һѪɫâӰ֮кݺݵʱҲǺݺݵĽһЫģ˲顣
Ыģ͵飬һֻɫЫӾȻվ
ৡһֻЫڱ֮ĵһһ˫ǯӺݺݵļģӰ塣
һģӰеѪɫâһֻǯӴᣬһֻǯӻǽеѪɫҧ


ʮ Ыӻ
Сӣò˵ֵʱǷǳ꣬ǼˣڱүǰȻӲһֻǿϧһֻСЫӰҶױЫӵһֻǯקסѪ¶ʮֵЦݡ
Ҷܹо˿ԼһּΣյУÿÿһֻԾԾԵľ޴ǯӵʱ̾ߵ뷨ƺܹоһֻЫ֮ûʧһֻǯûзһкܴĹϵ
ڵǳϲè׽Ϸռˣ϶׽סԼŵġοҶҲܹоһֻЫӿ϶һǳıļ۸Ļٻǧöļ۸ࡣ
˵гرˣʧôһҲǺĵġοСء
ȻԷ˼ڿͷŪԼҶȻҲʾһԼϵݼ֮һ˿ҲʧӰ١
ɱ˵ûݼףҲӲƴһǣοȻ͸Ầˡ֮ƾԷ׸ֻŪ׶Էʲôͼ
Ҫּ֪սֲһĶܻһЩɱֵ׺ֶΡ⹷ǽݺݵԼһΣеĿºܹӳܡԼڶԷﻹԶԶûбԷƵʱҲҪޱȵСĽ
ôûʲôҪ˵𣿡Ƴһۻ˹˵ĲʽܣѾ׼Ҷ׶ɱˡ
Ǻǣʲô˵ģ޷ǾǳЦ̫޴ˣҶɣֻЦһ˵ΪԭȻźڲ棬ҲǾ
ô⻹֪Ҷ˭ɱ˶ˡҶôһƫƫһЩ档ֱҶôһôЫӵĺɫǯӱ͵̧ûҶ׷ӦǺɫǯӱ㻯һɫĹֱӴҶ׵塣
ǯſľݣ·ѾҶ׵屻иˡ
СӣȻôţҾͲˣϣ±Ͷ̥ʱһЩҪٵĿЦ֮УһöɫǯѾźɫҶ׵ǰ
ɫϴ̽Ҷʱ򣬾ͿҶ׵֮оȻɳһѪɫ
Ҷ׵һʱͬҶ۳ѪǷѪϵƬǱѪΪ͵һѪڣһŷƺܹҧһ谭һ
֨
Ѫ͵һҪǺɫǯ֮ϣǯӱһŷĳӡǺɫǯӻĴҶ׵塣ͬʱԭԼҶѪǸɫǯҲѪ˳ݺݵҧҶ׵塣
һҶǸܵУһ;ĩ·ĸо
ҲǴһζЦݣͺҶһ̾ͻᱻɫЫ˺Ƭһ
Ǿһ̣ҶеѪٴѪ󷽣½Ҷ׵嶼ųһξ롣ͬʱҶԭѪ˫۸΢΢ʮǿ׳ҲǸһһš
ںɫǯӻ׷ʱҶ׾Ȼûжӭϡһ˫ֽѪŨŨҲǴͬһһһע뵽ѪС
ˡһѪ֮ϣŨҵ·һȼһ̵Ҷͬ·һ
ɢն
˵ÿһ϶ǴżǿЧҶһնǴһǰͷս飬Ȳ⡣Ϊ磬ҲǱȳʮ˲١
Ψƴƴƴһ䲻⣬кܴʤģҲһҪҪŪԼʱҵһ˺һѪ⡣ʱٷʲôףѾȲʤȯˣһҲҶױʱ䡣
飡
Ҷ֮ıһѪҲǴ˫ֽŵѪֱ֮ҧ˺ɫЬӵֻǯӡ
ֻǯ֮ǰҶ׻񡣿ǵҶʹȫʱֻǯӾȻֽһֱӱѪҧ顣
Ҷ׵һô࣬ҲǶһЩпЦݡȻЩСҶףҲеһЩο˵һֻЫǿĵطֻǯӣЫβ͡
Ҷȫһҵè׽ȤϾŪһֻеֵҫһҶʢŲãҶǷθڡ
Сӣò˵ôѾﵽʵٹһʮǰûκʤˣʱϾģֻҪҽɱѪҲǷһЩ츳ͲҪҶ̫Ҷ׵ԽԽǿ˽ʱ͵ŤתЫӵ壬Ϳһޱȷ̴ЫӵβҶ׵ĶͷݺݵĴ˹ȥ
˵һܹǻʾСɵĸȫһƴοǰˡ
ɣһУһޱȷѾЫӵβݺݵչֱҶǰѪ
ۡһѪ˺ֻǯӺ˺ֽһЫβҪ˺ܶࡣһ֮ЫβȻݺݵĴ̽Ѫͷ­ֱӴ˻Ѫ֮еҶס
ˣҶҲûа־壬һ̵ԽٽĿԽۡ
ɢȻһϾҪ̵ҶʱѪĴҲѾҪҧЫӵ塣ڴ˿Ҷ͵ĴһѪȻһЫӵȥ
һӣŨŨĻͺιǵһֱӽЫӵЫβݺݵĹҵһӲĹЫӵҲǱѪֱҧСš顱һѪֱҧЫӵ壬ۿЫβϾҪҶ׵壬ȱЫβ֧ţֻһЫβȻĵڵ֮ʧӰ١

ЫϵĺڰҶ׼ٴ۵ʱҶٴһŨŨĺڰȻֱӻŨŨ˽һҲǴ˳ȥЩƣҶȻԭأ׼ΪǱʱٴʩչΪ͵ıɱһ
û뵽ﾹȻôǿӽ鱨ǶԵģȷʵ뵽һԸҵˣȻҾûбҪˣ˿͵ϮĻᣬҲźܴķաҶ׺˷һתȥӼǿػĺôһЩ
뵽ʽǵѪͬһ˳ǹһҵͽ


ʮ ߲
ҵ˱ǸΪˣһЩСŶӸԷɢ׷ӵʵ˵𿴻ӴͷĿˣܵСŶȴǺܶ࣬ɽǽзĴѹҲȻܽѹıһţϵĽСŶ֮ѵ
ĽǣϻȻĺܲңʵϻȻһĻᣬᵱУӻĳ̶ֳȡѡ
ԼڶĺĳԱŶӵ£ٲһЩֻʣһһ鷴ɽ˵Ҳһ֧ǳײпµսڲʽҲ뵽ߣӶǿ֧֮󣬻ӵʵǵĳɱˡһӣӾȻһıɽѹƵľ濪ʼˡ
ã
šͨһײ֮󣬾ʶʱҲڿϯˤ˵֮ϡ
ΪһıԵߵ˵ڵĸоΪġԭƿصľģھȻΪ֮󣬾ƾȻԽĲܹˡ
Ȳ˵ԭкǿսĻ˲ʽܵļ֮¿ʼ쭣˵ԼߣΪҶ׵ĳҲӮ٣˵ĻҲ΢΢
Щ仯֣һԭҶֻǱè׽Ū⣬ʱһ亹һ̿ʼѾص˷ŵ˱ȲʽܻҪߵλȥ׼һ
ɢն
Ʈı飬Ҷ׵Ȼ֪˿ʲôȻκηĻᡣҶĲٿ£һֻδֺݺݵĽĵϵʱҶ̺ԥ׷ȥ
Ҷ״Ӱֻ֮ڵһ㣬˱˴ؼԾݺݵ⡣
ͬʱҶ˫ֽյѪһŨѪɫâҲһ̱
ɱ֮𣡡
Ϊ֮ǰǽͲʽɱѷĿյŻὫķ飬ȻЩǱΪʹĻָԼ㴦ҲǺһҶҪսܣɱͱ븶֮ǰĴۣɱ֮սһǳõĳ롣
ˡһɱ֮Ҷ׵ȼǼһĸɲһһȼղܡҶ˫ֽյѪ֮ϵ˲١
׼ȫԸʱҶѾɱǰˡ
ҿ⻹ΪղŵҶѾʵ۷״̬Ҷٶȱ֮ͻȻоҶ׵ʵԶԶĻҪǿһҲǲǱֱеħǰȥ
ۡһЩ׼⻹ǱҶеѪâն塣ֻǵâѪϡӲҶг룬Ҳһĵڵġ
⣬ǴרɱģҶǳ˽⣬ҵȴһ֪Ȱ㻹ǲҪκʵʵĺҴսһĻھȪ֮ҲĿģϻзΪʤּĿ⣬ҶҲǳԴ
ⲻܹ˵Ҷ̫СġҪ֪ʵѾ޽ӽǻʾߣڰ벽ҲѾжʮǿһԷϣܹƴпͷһ뵽ǻʾߵĳ̶ȡʱͲҪ̶ӶҪһݣҶ˵ЩҪģȫͻǻʾߵģת֮ǰһƴ
ĽܻܿͬҲ˵ҪƴɱǻʾҲҪҶһҶ֮ȥֻҪԼһվҶ֮Ҷ˵ûʲô̫Ĳͬ
һƴҪǻʾζҪ֮ǰܸʹ࣬ҶҲҪǧ֮һǻʾķա
ôм³һҶ˵ĴۡκһսǲתģһҶҲˣҶôϣԷӶԼĿܣֻǧ֮һļʣǿߵĶƴɱҲܹЧ
ޣҡҵľģԸᣬҲῴôװҸɱ˵ģ֪Ҷô˵רžΪ˽ĵеĳ޸УӶĴ㡣ȻΪ
⡭Ҷ׳һݺеħײٴνƳʮԶʱҲǽԼɱи˳
߲
šײ֮ڽһ۵Ļˣȫµȫų
ۡ
һ̣ȫµ·˺¶߾ͼͼֱϵͼȻž˵ֱ֮ϵͼصģ֮ϵͼ
ȥɣ֮£ЩͼȻĴϷڳҶ׵Ͼȥ
ѪᣡǳϵĶҶҲǰ׼һѪ֮зڳ
֮䣬Ѫɫ߾źɫıըһŻҲǳܷɽȥ
ҶеѪ߾ԽԽͣȻͣĺˣϵıҲԽԽһҪ˵ӡ
һһ߾ĺɫȫױһһֱӾͱһֻҪҶ׳װ
ǽһ߾Ĵִ嵱չ֮еҲǴţ嵱еҲǳҶױܵʶѾ׼ƴˡ
һʤʱѾˡ
ãȻƴҲܹԴУ
ɢǰ߾ҶײûֱӲȥɢʹãԭѾ޽ӽƵĺɫ߾Ҳı֮ƴĺˣȻзĿܡ
û뵽Ҷһ̾ȻϵҪⲫ֮ľҲѾ̵˿ԺԵĳ̶ȡ
̡ѱײ߽ĴĽҶͬʱȥ
ۡ߾ĴֽҶװȥ֮չ˼ΪĽһӤһĺɫ̴һֻ֮ϻһΪϸСߴֳҶ׵Ϸ˺ҧȥ


ʮ Ǭ
һɫɷͬʱףһɫϢҪǮһӿһͬ뵽֮߾ĺɫֵвͣĲιЩ߾ɫĴ֡
һʱ䣬ȻǴҶ׻ƴ״̬ںɫĺɫֵ֮߾Ӥȴһһͷ
Щ߾Ӥϰ֮࣬һӾͽҶ׵ȫΧסˣǶſһżС죬ͬһһҧҶ׵塣
ֻֻûг׽ҶװȥʱҶױѾԤϵķȴԸðǱ룬ϧƴȫͷŨغڰϢĽΪ⳹ͷųԼľɱҡ
һĹȫһֱ״̬Ҷ׾ͿԽʹ֮еһȡԼ嵱дΪȫҶôҲǸоԼ嵱Ѿʧһģһ͸Ҷ׿ɳ֮
Щ߾ĺɫСѾҶʱһҲǴҶ׵֮ƴĵֿЩСʴһʱںɫ֮ڳкɫ֮⣬һѪɫѪҲǴҶ׵嵱ͣĲƵҶ׵ϣֱӽҶ׵ȫסƾɫģͬӤֱ۵ļС˺ҧһʱҲѽͻҶȫķ
ֻһУҶ׾ٶҲûôġ嵱ǿĲע룬ҶܵĹԽԽǿңʱҶ׵ͻᱻǰЩ߽һĶ׽飬ҪҲ޼µġ
ֻ̡ǹ˼ʱȫʵʧȥһɶ࣬ҶϵѪӡʧĸȥҶҪҲȱ֮ˡ
Сӣû뵽㾹ȻôܿҸҴ֮ȻͻƷʱɣĮеħǱǰδеǿҵâ
ʱһֱû˵Ҷ׾ȻͻȻ˵ˡǲ뷴⣬˶ӵ£ҪȷʩչʽͱҪ൱ľһֱܹ˵֡⼸ͻȻоһ˿˿Ϣ
ΪҶױɵʱҶ͵ҧأǴɤ˵֣Ҳδأ
ɢⲢǵһҶ˵⼸֣Ǵ˿ȴĴ̶ͺһһĶͷ
һɥʧ˲֮󣬾Ȼһȫ亹ĸоͻȻ֮䣬оһɵı֮һһҶ׵ϯΪµǣϯҶ׵ϵ
ܴۡ˿̵ƴҪȥЩһЩıǳͻȻҲΪЩɫǳ壬һЩжȣһӿǱҶ׶ռһЩˣϵ˿˺ѪȻ̲סʳ
Ҷ״˿ȫƴ̬һһ˷ģܾܿͻԷһնҶȻûаη壬ֱӵյһֱֻӳǰرץ˹ȥ
ոձҶˣһЩĻ㱡һʱҶһƾȻץ˿֮ϣһ㶸Ҫ͸оԼ˿ھȻѪɫѪɫȻͬһŴһڱҧ˿ڣͬʱҲͬһѷļ⵶һ̽൱С
ۡѪɫתԽ嵫е˿ڱ仯ԽԽһɹǿλϵѪɽȥ뵽һλõ硣
Ҫǵһ͸Ĺʱ֪ԼѾ޿رҶˡ
飡Ϊ֮Ĵʧ𽥽뵽˿ή״̬ԭҶ׵һֻɫĴҲǸη߱һŸɰͰ͵ƤɻҳȫʬɢҶ׵оֻʣ޷ͷǣҲҶ׿ҪĶ
𣿡⻹Ҷ׵һԼ벽֮ʩչЧȻĻҪúܶ࣬ȼԼʱȻܹԼĽ֮Ҷ׾뵽һǡӡ
˵Ҷ׵һ޴Ļ裬ôһľԭľΪڶȻҪһ²ŻȼգƫƫĽߣԭľȻɸɲ񣬸ɲһ֪ˡ
ԼĽԼˣ⵹ʡһҶ׾Щ񫣬նɱ֮ҲһĪķɣֻ֮ȴҪͷһˡ
̶ãӽʿ˷ǰնɱⱾĹ̶ӵӽϾǣҵʿصһƱףգ˵Ҷ˫͵ĵأһǿҶ׵汬ֱӽ͵˰֮Сֱ۵˳һϺɫȻһϺɫĹâɽۼĺġ
һϺɫĹâ˵Щɽû뵽ɢ͸оһǿƬ֮佫ûһʱһϵıǿβˣ鵤ĸڷ벽ҲǳܲһЩˡһսƽֱбҵĻǱߡ
ѾѹʽƣҶײͣǻһѪɫĹâ̶Ŀ෴ķɳ۶ȥ
ҶնɱԱ֮һֱǬۡǰδеȻ󲨡
飡
ǬݺݵһԼΪڵһվĿ濴Ļ߶֪ͷȥ˵Χİ벽ˡ
°²Ա󽫣ĪĹϵǬӿֳļǿҵɱ⣬߶ͷҲ΢һЩ亹ﻹǶЩϲûȫԼ߳߻һЩôġܹǸɱֵĿеõһЩ΢
˵߱ԼĿڴͳһһĶǬ
Ǭ͵Ҷ̶˵Ļֻʮ֣⻰ȴһֲԶţûв´Ļ˱ȻĳЩ֮
ֻǴ˾˭أ


ʮ Ա⸮ۡ
Ǹ̽ӿصʮΣҶȴѾĴڣҶ׻ɱͻȻһʱҪע⵽ԼĴˡ
ȻôԼԺִѶ̫࣬ȴԳɹҵĿҡһļƻҲ͸ܹ۹ʵ
ֻҶҲܹоȻնɱǬ£ǱϾ벽߶ֻǸҴһЩù飬ٶɱҲǬϵʵܵʧôһҪҪǣǬǿԼʵ϶ǲеģҪſ
ĸ񳹵֮գҶ۹ո¶ͷ֮ʱˣֻһҪ۹ཨϵʱǬıŪҶӽӵ˵ܹΪ۹һļ壬Խǿֱ۹£һ뵽ҶҽԼķչ֮׳ɳҶһЩпʹҶƺѾûѪˡ
ѵҪҶңҶ״˿Ѿ뿪̶ڵɽվһ׵ĸɽ֮ϡĿ⸩Ӵأȴ޾ǳͻȻ֮뵽һ飬ǼȻǺۣǴ˿ȴԺ֮Ŀ
ǵã׵ʱҶһΪһ壬󾡹Լĸ׺ǸȻȥҶҵҲҶһ˱䵽½ļ֮أӴԶܹع塣
Ҷ̾ϢҶҶһĳ裬ҪóĥһֻܹһҰˡ˭뵽ⲻȥˣҶҾȻһҹţ侹Ȼһ¡һʹǰǣյĻȻܹҶңٲҲҶһЩҶҵѪֻһˡ
ţұҪĿǰ˵Ҳܹ֮ĻܿŪɳ׾Ǭûоʤ֮ǰһǶ˴ɣҶ֪ȻʱܹȥôҲҵһԻָҶҸķЩ׾ȴҲƵʵˡ
뵽Ҷ׵¶ΥЦݣһĽһЩɶĸҲǶһЩȻЩڤڤ֮жĶҶȻʲô̫ᡣ
뿪ɽ壬Ҷױ㵥ӽĸеĵڵĵصȥһҪɱǬ°벽ߵΪյĹʦ졣
׻˵ߣȽûҪƻһصĵصൽҶզϰٴЩطÿһԱ֤ĳһʱھԴڰȫ״̬
֮⣬ݱ仯ǹﳬȺ˵һֻ۾иƵ˵һˣһ߱һҲǿԽһģ¸˾ŲʮԼصһЩͷųֻǻʾ߲ſӵеѹʵûȷе鱨ǿʵҪɱѱȵ졣
Ӷ鲼½ǿ鱨磬ӽҲֻŪһ鱨˵һСǳ졣ֻʲôò֣ʲôط鱨ȴûаἰҶһץĸо
Ǽ˵һϢŪҲǻʮö滹ԼüķѵԴͬʱĽҲһӴһʮö˶ʮö񣬿˵һӱ㽫Ҷ׵ȤһҶױûԥֱǰС档
СһСɱ㿪ʼؽֽ
½˵ܶ࣬ҶСҲ٣һ˵СͨһЩ䣬һЩƫԶСߡЩСɵΪһҲ鵤ڡ
һЩųĵӣǼȲԸ⿴ɫ£ҲԸԴУʶҪα½ҪеõӶͻеľ磬Ҳǿ޵һ֡
ЩƾɵСǾ۹СмΪ۵һطƽʱٻ̶ӴﾭСĵҲǲ࣬ϴĻɾżһЩֺĶżһЩļҲЩɴţʱ䳤Щ֮ҲǱ˴ӦһͬһĶڡ
ȻҪңĻϢ鱨һļֵǵġ
С磬ܲͣһ£һЩһƾɵҪСܲǮΪǻĽҰ룬۹һ۵һСУܹһѾǺ飬˵ܹĸˣԱҶ׽ʱ̲סһЩϣȻҲвͶҽ̬
ϾһЩϴĻһЩΪάƣҲһЩά飬еѾĲӣָܹһЩܹ黹õģǲ֪ʲôʱܹһΡ
ŶԱĻҶҲ΢΢һ㶡
ԱǺİӶԷĴܹһһЩһΪûǿǿߣûϰĵ̣ԼҶ׿Ҳһѡ
ֻǼˣֻйԪɵͷߡ
ԱⲻǸ˵󻰣ѰҵܹһֻһЩϾͲ˵ˣҶΪʾԼֶιԼĿڴȡһƴĴӡִӺͨĴЩ̵ͬĻҶ׿ʾ֮¾͸Եڲͬ˿˿ʳ
Ա⿴ҶױǿʮΪʱеϣ͸ŨһЩȻҲǴһ˿ŨŨǡ
Ҷ׿ԱĵģЦ˵Ա⣬Ҳ˼ΣӦ֪ǳԴ壬Ѱнһµıһۣһ治Цнˣ
Ҷ׺Աⲻţ⽫е΢΢ͷһѹƾԱӦԱɫ԰΢˼Ҷ׵Ļ
֪˸ԼŮıҲнһμ˾ûгֹŮѾʮ꣬˸פյŮѾഺ٣û˸ĹҲﵽ˵Ϊ
Եһ뵽ԱϱһЩײĿɬջ̾˿˵ǰղǵʧ͸߰ɣ
ԱϽҶ˽ȥߺ󼸸˸ϽŹϣԱĴҶ׻߽ⶰۡУһ뵽⸮ۡҶױһ˿⸮ۡڲ֮ͬ


ʮ ˿ǣ
ॡҶ뵽ۡԺ䵱еʱڸۡĳլԺУһС󷨾Ȼһ΢Ľײ֮һŮӼȻϲԺ˳
էһŮӺͨڴ֮߶ҶײκȤҶϸ鿴ȴŮӵ澹Ȼһ˿˿˿ֶ翣˿֮˱ȻΪġ
Ҷ׸֪һ˿͸Ե΢ˡܹоһ˿֮Ż˵ٵĹϵ
ӦþֵĵطˣǡҶ׿ԺܳŮ΢һ£㳯ԱʵԱ⣬ǣ
ԱⱾҪҶ״ȥȡԼȴû뵽ԼŮȻ˳ϧŮȴ¶ʧ飬ûԱҪ˵ʲôŮѾ߷߲ƽܽ˸ۡ
ԼŮӰԱֻܹĸпһ
ɵӰԱ΢̾ϢһҶ߽˿ûҶױ㽫һӿ˳ҶϸһȻһн
С磬˵һˣ͸ҵıɽҰʹɱһЩͨޣʮҲЩջ񣬾ܹܲüԱܸ»ЩԼҲƽ£СҲǸһˣԼּܹĿ֮ģ֮ԼҲһˣ֪ΪʲôԱһҶױһ˵ķģԼԸҲһ˵˳
Ա˵ЩʱҲ͵ۿ˿Ҷףûзʲô֮ԼһĲƽܹоҶȻеоһЩ֣ȴûҪռ˼ôһҲҵһɿ֮˸Լ޲ˡ
ʱԼҵҲǽϺõĲˮԱ⿴ҶרȥɨеûдԱĵš
һ֮Ҷײ΢һЩ̾Ҷ¶һЩЦЦ˵Ա⣬Ʒ಻ףȻڶенףҲǱͨнҲú֮ܶ࣬еƷɫϧ޲ĳɱҪһЩҿһʱҲ޷룬ֻܹǿ޲һһ֮άнˮƽ
Ҷ˵⻰ʱʮֵǰϻһЩϧ̾ı飬Ա⿴ѾǺõܹٺõˡ
Ҫ֪˸ʱ߹ܹأΪһֱûн鵤ȱҲֻܹάʮʱ䲻ױϣʮ֮ͿԵˣܹһЩ̰ĵĸάޣܹǿʹýʱ⣬⼸꿴ⱦԽԱбܡҶ׵Ļлʮ־ϲġ
ֻ־ϲԱⲢûб¶ĵѹţ±Ҷ׿ʡô뷨֮ǰһֱ˵Ҳϣ˵ѹҶɻ䡣
Ҷ˵Щ֮ԱȻⲻ˱ֳһЩοı飬ǺǣǰǸˣܹн޺ãҲȴһˣ
Ա⽫ȴ˵ĺأҪľ޴á
ҶҲοûʲô뷨ֻҪģ˵ôǿҲҪ⸮ۡ졣һϤһۡһЩ֮һҲҪŮӽ̸һ£˽һЩ顣
뵽Ҷֻʮֿ˵Ա⣬Сߵʱ˵ЩһЩ£ҲǶһЩɣֻ޲ⱦﲻҪһЩϣҪҪϼ죬֪ԱԸأ
Ҷһ˼ʮԣֱӵ޲ĿĲΪǮƣ˶ݡԱϾ͸һЩЦݡȻʵǿ⼸ʮʶҲԼһֱǣЦ˸ҲʰһɾСԺ˸Ҷ׼һЩƷ
ԱҶ׼޲ƷʱҶҲ뿪ԼԺŮӵСԺС
һҶ׽ԼСԺŮЩţתΪƽԺ֮߳΢΢ʩҶ˵ǰСŮӸ밲ˣ
ҶŮӵĻ΢΢һ㶱Ц˵ǺǣұҲ˶٣ͲҪôˣҽз֪γƺأ
ǰ游ս£˵ǰԸķѾƾɵСŮҲʮָмģϣǰ޲ܹڸжգҲҸŮлǰĶ£ȻʮֵҲɵӣܹоҶΪ磬ʵԼĸ׸߳࣬ӴȻҲô˸ǸŮһЩӡԺټҲһЩ֣ڸϴһƣ󲻵ѲŽ˱ٲŽұһ
ǺǣãҲǵһ廹һЩҷܹдΪҲһֹ棡ܾųɾǶ׫ģҶ˵ⷬʱҲʲô֮෴ҶԱĶԹˡ
ʵϺܶҲȷʵˡ
Ϊ˿ʶԱһСƸȻһʲƸ˵ǾţһëǶڵֻһͨũԱ˵һʾ޴ĲƸ
ټԱⲻָ㣬ָôһʮֲ۵ķԱⳤµһЩϵһҲǲԱڸʩݣõԱͬʱҲĺܶˣоȻҲһЩ˲ϳɳɸ֣һЩʵݡ־ʮĳԼҵļҵҲǽʵҶ׵ĻȻЩȣҲûбɻɵĳ̶ȡ
ԭСŮӾͶǰһˣһ뵽ԼҲһλ鵤ĸ磬µҲһЩĵЦݡ
ϵЦݣҶ̲סһ̾û뵽쳣ڵ֮ϣȻҲµʱ򣬲ҶҲû˶ı˿̬ȡ
ǺǣҳĶݣƺǽӵµģˣãҼɫ԰ף̬ݣʲôҵʶͨҽ˵ܹȥأҶ׺Ժ£˿¼Ϊ԰׵ɫ̲ס˵
Ҷײ˵⻰û£һ˵µɫͱøӲ԰һְԹ̾磬˶˵˴ˡ


ʮ ε
˭ܹᵽЩأ˵¾ȻȻ£ɼĵж˻źԹ޵ġ
Ҷ֪ԲܹʣһʱضٳпĻɣŪõҪݾߣΪ
µһøĻҶֻܹο뿪µԺ䡣صԼķ䵱УҶױ㿪ʼ˼Ľ취
СΪȻܹ׾ٵĽڿ̺ž޴ķգԽǼ򵥵ԽױŪĸ
֮СÿһεļᣬһλᵱндСܱׯũɹ裬СҲۼﶵԼĻ֪ΪʲôҶܾһ¡
˵߾ͬصһĺóöͨڲ֪֮г֣ʤڶ˽УҲǼΪͨȴóõֲͨۼרŸ촦һЩС¡һ컷˷ͷֵĺһͷһȴܹǣƽʱһݸɣսȴһ
Щ˵ͺһרŸΪʰЩĸӣһЩʵǺǿڼȴʵȨĳϣֻҵֶ˵ЩֶθΪΣÿγֶﵽЧԾҶԴҲǼΪ˼ɡӽҵҶĿ֣ºô̵ʱ֮ھǱܻڵĵط
ȻҼΪܵƶ˵ҶܹǬ֮ǰնɱѾǼˣӽŽһһʵѾҶܹ󵽵ķΧѾʥִ߲ˡ
ձСļУϲĻ»һջ뵽СУ⼯н쵽ʱ䣬ʧ㲻С֮г֣ûв´ĻһԼңֻԼҼҲ⼸Լҵ˱ض٣ʱ¾Ǭ֮̽ʱԲܹģҶ״˿ڷ֮ںʵȴڳ˼
Ϊܹо϶ʹֶҪ̽ԼʱԼҪҲⲻ˱˷֡ͬԼҪɱϼѡ
Ȼ۵ݻòҪǿҪǷֱ棬Ҫɱ֮ۡһݿ¾Ҫ¶ˡ
ൽҹҶȻûдӳ˼֮ѹһֱڶ峿ҶײŻ۾ϧǲʮʱʱ䣬һ
Ҫҵ첢ɱֻܹڼемвˣҶֻ΢һ۾ֻĺϿʼ뵽һּ΢״̬
ŹһʱҶײǴ״̬֮ٴѹܿĸǰ
ڶĿɨȥ֮ҵ˲֮⣬һЩ̵ĲѾòɴ˿ɼЩ굱оôĥѣղظŻ״
޸ȷʵҪѲٹ򣡡Ҷ״һЩ϶Աһֻǽ֮һЩ󷨼򵥵޲һ±ֿʼ˼
ʱС֮ͻȻ߽һˣҶ΢Ӧһ±֪ԱŮˡ
ãôˣѵҪҴȥתһȦϺ¶ЦݣҶҲ΢ʵ
磬ϴСãСϲСļУСҪȥתת·СҲѾˡƺܺҶ׾ܾһ˵˺ܶɣһվҶ׵ǰɫ΢첻ˡ
ŶȻô˵Ҿ͸㰲һʱɣҶ΢һ»̾ʹӦͬʱҲǽԼĸ֪΢΢ɢȥﵽһƽ״̬
л磡Ҷ״ӦԼҪЦݲϣͲҶ߳Ըˡ
һԸºҶױ㳯Сһֵȥһʮ׿ֵ֮ѾһЩС̯վһֵ֮ص߶˵Щй˶ͨũżȻҲһЩصСԱһվżǿ׳Ĵ֡ＴǹԪҲѾ˲ˡ
磬ȥǱ߿ɣܴ֮У»ƴקҶһСεĵط
ǰƷַƣһʱҲǿԡ
˸Ȥ̯λ̯Ͻ߹Ц˵С㣬۹⣬нƷƷһЩѰƷǳƯ
̯ѾмʮˣСƣֻҪСˣȻСŻݣ
˵µĿֻǶЩϣȴûж࿴ƤѾ壬۾ȴʵ
Ȼû⣬ҶȴЩ⣬ȴȫûںҶ׵ɻȻˮͣĸ½Щ֮ϵһЩ¡ŪֻܹҪ˼ȵǮʱҪǮȴֹסˡ
Ա߶ЩĲɵҶ˷۾̲סˣСδޣǵĻѵҪң⼸ʮӶɣ
ŶҶ׻µʱĻʱҶ״ӳ˼֮нѹ˿¶Ŀ⣬ţ⻰˵ľͲˣλСµò٣ȴµδޣȻ˹ڣҿǲƹģ
ʮӣһҲ㣬Ҫ׬ǮٸҷϻȻĻƾ˵컨׹ǾǲЩҶǿԼµĹϵҪԼݺݵԼһĺܴ󷽵ĸǮˣǲֱӽСɵݸҴҪţݡ
ڼϰ̯ҶȻҲȥվʾҪ֪ȻֻһСɣҲһΨͼˣΪںϢ棬Щũͨ룬Żѡȥ»úøУõһ伯еôһᡣ
ӣôܹôģЩɶǸСģ˵ŮĶĵľͻֻϣܹ˼ѻ˵ʱֱһ̫ı飬ҶҪǻ
Ҷûߵ̲סˡ
һѽõη̯λϣţҸҪļǮ̫ߣȻҲǮ˼ңǱϾǮǴģǮʵǲ⣬磬ߣ
Ҷû뵽±ĻҪϡ


ʮ һԵ
磬Ҳã̰ͼøˣ¿Ҷ˼ıϽҶ׵ֱĵ˵
Ҷû뵽»˵Ļ΢㶱ת˵ǺǣҸղֻ޲û˵ʲô޷ЩֻСʱѣ
Ҷ׵Ļϵĳݶʱʧһɶ̾¶ЦҶЦЦûǽԼĸ֪ع鵽ղǸ̯λȻǸ̯λֻǲһʱҶ׵ƤӵʧӰ١
ǸȻⰡҶȻû̫ķӦϵıȴʵʵڵĳֻʱȻΧһЩ̯ĻҲû̫Ҷ׵ı顣
ǾʲôطأԾĺܿģԴʧ֮Ҷ׵ľԱֻ࣬Ǵ˺۶ãûгʲôĵ顣
ڼейʱ֮˱ŴСصԸСȻҶûʲôջ񣬵Ҷ׺֮Ĺϵȷʵ˲٣ԱҲϽһЩЦݡ
ҶܹĳȻ֮ǰ˸ǼҲٺôΪֻжŮԱ⣬ȻԸ⿴ԼŮ¶ϡ˿ܹԼŮת⣬Ըǰͷϣջججһ
췽ҹ˺ôһȦ˲ٶЩҸԱ⣬³˸߲ңŴССԱߣЩв֮һЩ¸Աѡġ
ʮ֮Ůһ¶ôҸЦݣԱҲǶһЩϲãҶ׵ĿԽº֪͡Ҷ׿ĳ巢ĵӣݿºѿԼҵŮȻǵܹҶ׵СҲܱһӲҪǿˡ
ôһ룬ԱеĹּ˼ܹ֡ٳɴ£һ˷ԼҲӵ֦ҶʢˣǺǣ£û뵽ôҲ֪˵ʲôðЩǷǰĹͣҽȥһЩԵĸˣǰúóһ٣
ҸЦݣԱ⿴վСŮҶҲԽ˳
Ȼٺ˽ӴŮ֪֮Ҳ٣Ƕڸ׵˼ô֪ܲأڱԱôһ˵µ϶ʱ¶Ůɬ
ˣǰѾվһˣȥǰɣŮҶҲЩøУԱҲǼΪοϽܵԺȥһЩϺõʳ׼ˡ
Ҷô֪ܲԱ롣ҪܾͻȻһȻи飬ȻԼΪʲôܹܹϲԼʱȻ޷ܣȻǻɱԼʱʱҲһλᡣ
ҵû̫ǿӣĻ벽߾ԲԼܹԸġ
±Ա˹Ҷ׵Ա鷿ȥˡԱԸ֮һڿ治֪ʲô
ʱԸϹܼҴ滺˽
ʲô飿Ϲܼ߽Ա΢һ㶻Щֵʵ
ǰоһ˽Ȼûʲô£ǹܹĿȥܸȻûġһʱǶԼС濴Ȳٻ˴򽻵ԼƽʱҲԼɣֻƺЩ֡
ϣƺӦôƺɣ˵һϣζû뵽ĻȻֱ֣ѵ
㣬㡭ҪԼȶһЩϣȻ޷ƺԼЩ߶µ˵
ǺǣϣѾǸܼˣ˭ѵ𣿡˵ţ㽫ԼϢͷųһЩȻЩϢǳ΢ϣоһЩʲôϣ΢оһ£ԼļҲǷ·صǰ
һһˡȻֻһۣܹ˸о΢ƽ֮оȻһƬĴ󺣣֮г䣬˲֪óСڵԱ⣬һʵͽũ㽫˴صԼСԺСԺ֮˿ԼŮһԵɴ˲
ʮʮꡭϣͣĸ̾ͺԼļѾǰ˳״һܶ˵ļ䶼ͬһ
Ǻǣû뵽Щ㻹ǵôѵ㲻Ϊʲôֻ𣿡΢һתâ¶ĻûɱȻϣоĲ·ԼǰĲһˣһֻ͵һ
ʣʮˣҲ֪Ϊʲôֻ뿪⼸仰˵ϣޱȵ鷦̲˵仰ͷӭӵվ
ͷƢǺ͵һľǿȴʼ޷ıԼˣ⼸һֱڰİ㣡һ䣬ƺָϣʲô飬ֺĻϣͻȻһԭͲϵòʱж˼ơ
Եû뵽ҵʱֻ֮٣ȻôһԵֻʮʱ䣬Ǵ˿̵ԱѾǵǸʵͽũˣοũҲȥμӿƾ٣ҪһЩøһְٰһٻϧɽֻܹؼֵأֻȽ϶ƾٵţȴȻмԼأسΪҵˡ
ߣͷӣΪ㵱жҲҶ㣬ʮҶҲ㲻ֻϧȻ̲Żн³ԽұջµԵԭҴ͸ǵջأǷСҲҪΪǣһԸ֮УСӴԺҲ۹ڣ˵ţ˾ȻϣƺһֻѾѪ⣬곹Լ塣
ʱϣͻȻпһ֮ǰ̲ס˵Ҳ֪ΪʲôԼң⼸Ҵ㲻ϣ㻹ܹչŮпҲչԼңҲ⼸Ķ飡
˵ţϣ۾һգȻͱ嵱УܿϣһѻҳʧУ·֮оֻأһ
˿Ҷ壬ͻȻо֮оȻһ˿ϢƮϢһţûκµüͷƺ壬ҲʲôԵĵطֻЩĿ죬ʧĸ죬ʼҶץסκκۼ
ֻҶ׵Уһ˿ѾԽԽڳ˼£㲻ٱ仯ˡһҶ֪Ӧˡ


ʮ һ
ӵ£Ҷ׺µһѾ뵽βҶ׵һӵУһ塣
ԼѾղŻһߵľ棬صһתЦŶҶ˵磬û뵽վȻô߳⼸еĶˣ
ȻҶҲǺóϾҲҶҵеһΪ弫޷ʶֻܹͶطձһ档
С㣬Ѿ׼ˣ뷽ȥòˣ֪ԱʱĸոպãǴɣҶ׺¸Ʒʱһ˴˽ޱȹ˵
¿˿ҶףҶ׵˵ͷ˱߳鷿Ըһ档˿̳Ա֮⣬һ¶ҲУ֮⻹һѾڷźˡ
ǰһٷҸлԸŮɢ˶ͷĲһд󣬾ģԱһپƱһƱ㱻ȥ
һƣԱ¶δйĸп
ԱıҶ׺ҲǸźеľƣǺԱıȻ΢ЩͬǶƷһ̺֮ŨҿڸУ¶ͬı顣
ҾƣǺþưҶ׽Ʊ΢ζһ£̲ס˵
ţԱ⾹Ȼó˰أԸһԸ֮۾΢΢Ҳǻζ˵
˿˵϶һЩֻʼԼλ΢Цƺû뵽˵̸С
˾ƽֽһȻʮֵĹ죬ȴԿĳƵֵĺ֮ǰܸܲоһ㺬أһĬĬָֻһĬͷĽɫԱɫ΢죬˷ܵӡ
ԱĿ⿴ԼҶͻȻоԼɤһһѵжԼĺѪ磬̲סҪסԼĺָо˱棬ȻҶ֮뵽ãС
ⲻģҶȻƴҪƵЧԶԶҪҪǿĶࡣ̲סԼְԼĲ棬ͺдѪʳһ
˿Ա˶ı˫ۣںһָоԱȫڲͣĲһããĸо
ԱߵʼշƵһ˵ķɣȴһȻĴͬһѾ̷͵˷֮ϵȴٵһ̡
ʮ֮Աͬʱſ۾ָо֮ʧӰ١
ôǰ־ǰûĵطƷɣҶ΢ԥ۾Ա¶һҫĳɷֱ֣鿴ҫֺڰָеĸо
һѵڰָԼᱻһԱĻҶ׵΢һ㶣һʱҲǲԡܹоԱƺѾ֮ǰͬˣѵΪƵԭ򣬻ѾԼߣԼûв
Уָо̫ˣһ֣ҲҪȥƾˣֻǴ˭أҶ΢˼һ£ʡ
ΪҶܹо⼸˵бȻһˣԼ΢Щɿ϶ͻᱻ˷֣ʱԼͻᱻԷɱԵ첢֪ԼʵɱںڵһѾ˿˿ϵǧԵĹԵйصİɣ
Ա⣬û뵽澹Ȼָоҷĳ֮һҶЦ˵˿ԱߵŮҲ˹һһơ
Ҷ׵Ļֿ˿еľƱԱʱЦ˳˵ǰʶ㣬ƵζȫеľĶǣϧҺѾûеһƷʱֳ嶯ˣ
Ա΢΢һЦʱҶȫһֱ͸ĸоָֻоһţ쵽Ҷ޷ĵزܹоԱ˵ֳ嶯סԼӵּȾֵĿ־飬ȻҲǾЩǲòָоȷʵķǳʵҲǳĴ̼
ǺǣղŷĳλǰЦˣֻǷĳһ²֪λɷΪĳָԽأҶȻɵ֪ԱΪʲô˵ĻҪ֪Լǰ˾ͽ˭ˣֻ߶ǣʶҪ̽һ¡
ȥЩԭҶôҪҪ֪ҪôԼµһ˿
ʥԺ֮жȴʼûпй˿ļֻǴһЩ䵱е֪˿һʱתͺ߹Խϵľ磬ǡôڰ벽ߵķˮ룬һ˿ܹǻʾ
һӴԺ̤ųΪ½֮֮еĻߣȻȣһ֮ҲҪֵģɴ˿ɼ˿ҪԣͬʱҲֱӳɱҶ׵ҪԭǾƻһ˿覡ͬʱҲΪʲô´˾ҪҶ߳˾ֵԭ򣬶ֱӳɱôˡ
ԱҶ׵ĻȻüͷ΢΢һ壬ϵЦҲǺܿѻǰʲô;˵ɣϾԼҵĶˡ
ҶͻȻоԱ˵⻰Щ̫ˣֲܹ˵ĻֻܹԼԭȵ뷨Ц˵ʵ뷨ҲҸո뵽ģΪЩ⸽ĳ֮ߴ֪һЩƷļ۸ֵܶǵıȴδ
Ҷ˵ʱ־ͼ˼֣ͻƵĿغ;Ƽ۸Ĺ
Ҷ׵ĻԱҲһЩأƺҶ׵ĻҲǼΪ󣬿ܾҶ׻лҪ˵һҲ޷뵽Ĵ𰸣ֻʼһԲͬһ
Ҷ׸оԼһѾԳЧֽ˵ȴһЩ䱦󿴵ƵľƷһζľƷŶʮƽЩеԻɣеĳȵȣһЩδţµĲĻ˾ƵļֵΪɣ
Ҷװɻ˵ԱϵıʱЩоԼƵкһЩ⡣˿Ҷٴ˵׵ǣȻƼֵǣΪʲôô˾ƻȡٻԼҸĸ󣬶ҪûС棬ǿϧ
Ҷ׵Ļǰɱ˵ԱԭЩı˲˿ɬ
ԱֱҶ׵оȻĲһЩһƺѾµʲôֻû뵽ĳٶȱԤĻҪ˼֡


ʮһ Сƭ
ûǳıݣȻԷݵĹǳ󣬾µ۾Էƭ˹ȥһЩϸСĶҶ׵ȴôԣ⵹Ҷ׵ĿжôǶԷıʵ̫Աˣ̫񷴵ˣҶ׶ԱһʺţͬʱҲҶ״ʶԼĿǰľơ
û뵽Ƶһ֣Ȼ⣬鵱ȴҲҵһӣҵһ˿Ѿ˿ǣһЩˣҶȻȻƵᣬͺԱ⣬ʵȴѾըһ˼²ⶼð˳ֻҶҲһ̲׷һеʱ䣬ϷҪеġ
Ҷ׵ĻԱ϶ʱ¶ɬı飬б¶޾ϣµҲһЩѹºԼĸ׵Ϊһƾӳ˶ٴۣ˵ͳȥҲһɡ
ǰһ֮ҵģԭϰ׵ĵ£ȴΪҵһ֮ҰؼңһǿѰѾһСĽĲ½ң˵ҲǱ˵ĸۡˣ˵ʱԱ϶ʱ¶εı飬˿֮ʱҲࡣ
龰Ҷ׵ĸ֪ˣ˿̵Աϵ֮ȴĳ֣Ǵ˿ҶȴѾµԾֵˡ
ԭһԱ⣬СԸԷֻһСľƣҶ׺֮ûһˣֻܹĳָԼһ
Ǽ˱ֿ֮нһСľȫȵԼĶ棬ļ˵̸ҲǽӽβܿҶױ΢ƣصԼķ֮ڡߵԱ˵ĻĶ߻ص
ʵѾӽϣ޿ɲޡ
仰˵Ҷ׺˿һľǿҲǾԼЩڻص֮һʱ佫Ǽпʼ΢΢޲һЩ֮ҶױоԼ۾Щ˱ȥϢˣͺղŵûзһ
ڴ˿̣ԱԷУԱ۾΢յЩʲô飬ԱߵȻеĺŲˮе鶼Լûйϵһ
ͻȻԱ۾뵽ʲôԱߵ˵ϴѾ㵽˿ȻСһЩƷȴ˱øӵһЩܹõһ˿пףǻʾ黹Ҫ˼У
Ŷ⵹ȤˣԱĻ̾˿˵ԱĻŲһתһ룬Щƫִ˵ЩҲûвժҵµ˿˵࣬Ҳ߰˸ˣΪ߰˸˿ûнĸоһ˿ȴأ
ԱĻ֮Ҳ΢Լһ£صƺܹҪ̶ȣԱ΢Ʒһڲſ϶˵ϴҪ˿˿Ʒ࣬һ޸˿˿Ʒãﵽһ̶ȱ԰磬ǽʥҲǲ޿ܣֻ޸˿Ѱңһҵ£
ڶ˿Ǵ˿˿ƷΣÿһ˿ṩһЩ򣬴ﵽһ֮˿ʧȥ壬ܹṩܡ˵Ա΢ͣһ¼˵
˿˿˿ƷΣÿһ˿ṩ򲻾ͬΪҪ˿Ϊ߹ķɣΪ£ٶҲܹȥժȡϵ˿ǵһ޸˿ϴ֮ǰժĶǴ˿һ֮ʧȥá˵Աƺֻܹ̾˼û˵ʲô
ԭģһ˿ڱصˣƺûԱ⻰֮еĸ̾ʱ˵
ţĻԱ˵ͷּ˵ֻһ˿ܹȡܺᣬһֻƻ˿Ʒ࣬ﲻԤڵЧ
Աһ̾˿˵û뵽龹Ȼô鷳ӵӾͲӦѡһƹȻѡ˾ֻܹķȥˣǾ͵͵ĸɵǸСӰɣ
Ա̸ʱҶѾڷ˯ˣֻ˯㣬Լĸ֪Լסݵʱ̹עķ紵ݶ
Ⲣ˵С󣬶ҪʱܶõĸֶΣֹԷǽĻԺúϢûбҪСˡ
֮⣬鱨¼һ򶼷ǳСĽһֵֹСģ͸ҪСĶԴˡ
ʱһĽŲҶͻȻоʲôԼź񱻻ƿˡҶһͦԼĴվȴԼźֻǱ紵һߵȴûзаķѵˣ
⡭
Ҷ׼صʱҶͻȻǰ澹ȻһӰһӰµıӰҶ׿Ӱ֮оһ̲סȥ
ѵԸҵʲôıҶһǽʧıӰоʲôһ˿ʲôԾĵطΪӡ֤е뷨ҶױӺٵĸȥ
ӰԽԽԶСС棬Ӱͣһһ¹⴩͸֦ܵӰϣҶϸһȻ¡
磬û뵽ĸųˡҶ֮ɫ΢Ҫ˵ʲôȴ˵ڣֻܹվԭز֪˵ʲôźá
ɬı飬Ҷ΢һ㶣ʵ£ôˣôһ˳ѵ㲻±һЩлɳ𣿡
лɳˣҶ׵ĻºûʮɬקקԼͷЩ˼˵磬ֻҪһ˵ѣѵ㲻Ҫ𣿡
˵ϵı͸ӵɬǰǲӿĵطĲҶԥʱ¾ȻҶףһѽҶ׵ָץסˣ͵ҶȻ·˺һ׻Ŀӣ޴¶ҶҲǸоѪҺ˵ͷƤ
Ҷ׸оԣҪܾ͸оµҪȥһҶֻֽܹƣȴǰ֮


ʮ 컷
ֻһ鵤Сӣ컷ͷôûлѵĺСӡߣԱڷص߶ЩʵȴЩǺɸһ
ԱĻûаżӣǼе
ֻû뵽ǣǿֻǲ۵鵤СӣصıҪˡ
Ҷ׺Ѿ컷յϹʱ컷۾͵һһŷǴĿбչѾ鵽ҶײӴλãΪҶѾҵʱѾǴݺݵҧ˹ȥ
ɣ컷Ҷײϴݺݵҧ˹ȥҶ״˿Ҳ˷Ӧ
һһһҶ׵֮һһ뵽컷Ŀǻ֮ڡ
ۣ컷һ㵹ɳȥƺʵѾҶ͵͵õ󷨸
ȻЩʵҲҶײõģֲõĽһҶ׺컷ôҲԸ֮еԱⷢˣο컷Ȼһ鵤СϷŪˣ±ܣȻһûҧҶףǳһڻ컷ȴȻܹ侲
Сӣ֣бҹֻ£컷ܹ侲֪֪Լһ鵤СӶӮԼⱲӶҪˣʲôʱҪȫȥԼõ񣬾Բܹῴһۡ
û뵽ֻԼһʱĳǿȻⱲӵһսˡ
컷ȻɽȥҶ׶ʱЦһҲǴӺȥԽԽԶһСɽ֮ͣ컷׼Ҷ׻һԶվҶ׵ǰԴЦ˵Сӣû뵽ʵôǿΪѾǱ۷˰ɣ˵ɣôС棡
˿컷ѾһԲĴӣȻûôªǿʵð͵ӣȻһֹĸоҶһ뵽֮ǰ컷ҲǾЩ񺮡
Ȼҵԭ˭ΪʲôأҶԷҲ뵽ԼĿʲô⼷컷
컷û뵽Ҷײûк£ûаԭЩ٩ɫʱЩ˵СӣұΪһĵˣڿ㻹һˣ˭ҶģҸϣܹһòҪ˼ҾûŶ
컷ķͷһӣʵȫ¸ǳ˷⣬ζ֮иǸһֻϾҪ׹ĸоҶҲЩˣܹܵ˵ʱȻЩǣ˸ǻֱҶһ뵽֮ǰ컷ӣûֱ˳
ǶĹģҶȻҲɵӣȻ֪ǰЩ˾ʵǿһ֣һ˵лɱ컷Ҷӹӵȴûаӵζһֿ컷ĸоӣ㲻ҪΪԼʵǿܹǰӲţʵһͶĵ£㻹ɣ
Ҷ⼸ԵʵĻҪŭ컷˭뵽컷ıֱҶĻҪңһʵԼ˵컷ϵķͲĸˣСүүɫǲ֪үүǸʲô
˵컷徹ȻڵϷƬĳҲķһ𷭶֮УڲҹǰĻԶԶĿ𻹻Ϊʲôǿ޳ûɷˡ
䡭
컷˵㳯Ҷ׵ݺݵײ˹ȥСӣүүѹ㣬ĸηγӶӶͳͳѹ࣡
ˡһ컷ڵϹ˼֮徹ȻշһֱߺݺݵײҶ׵塣
ɢն֮ǰҶ׶컷༥ֵʱҶȴаΪ֪Ȼ˵컷Ĺ΢һЩʵս飬컷˼ʮȷʵż˵ǿ˲٣ô򵥵һײҶͬߵķһ˳ȥ
ǼˣҶ˫ֽѪǳݺݵײһ𣬾ȻҲǽԷǿ赲˼ֻ֣Ѫɫâ֮Ҷ׵ȻǲƵĵɳȥ
䣡
Ҷײɳȥ֮컷Ȼûм׷ǴӰ֮Ϯ˫Ⱥݺڵ档Ϳ컷͵ſһͬһĺɫĿ³ҶܹоⲢǵĻ棬һɹɼȸʴԵĶҺ
ۡ
ȻͳɫͬһһĶҺǱһҶ׵ǰҶ׸ովȵʱ򣬴ƬɫͬһĶҺӰ֮нһӱ㽫Ҷ׵ֽȥ
Ҷܹоͷ֮ϴż¶ȵĶҺѾ޿ɶûԥ˫վ֮ʣ͵һգһӴ֮бȥֱγһ˰ա
ˡһһֱӽҶ׵ȫǴӰ֮нŨŨҺ˸š
ⶾҺѪɫĻգײȻһɹһĵɫ棬ҶǰըȻһɹǿҵ״壬ֱӽҶ׳ײȥոոϵ컷ҲǾЩܣźһһըȻҶ׺컷׷ױˣȽ϶ԣҶֱɳȥ쿴ԼԽԽ󣬾ȻԼϵֱ׷˳ȥ
ƵأȻԼҶҲŪĻͷ컷ռһƣԴȻҪʤ׷ٶȽҶֱӻУһ֮оȻȫ
ˡһ컷ȫ͵ıƳǿ͵컷ԭͺֵܷ徹Ȼǿ֮±࣬ȴ֮ǰ컷ɱҶǰʱҶ׾Ȼһ綼컷ֵӰڵĸо
һ綼ı˺ܶ࣬뵽һг״̬·ֻ컷һڲͣܶһ
ȥɣ컷ɫ͵ķ죬֮ҲǻӶֱۣһ޴ȭͷŻصֱӺҶ׵塣
һȭҶ׵УȻһ޴ȭͷӰӰֱӽڣվλõĴضŲȭӰûнӽҶףѾоͬ⵶һĿиһѪɫۼѾֱϳ֡
һҶײûаη壬Եñӵ˷ܣ
ն


ʮ ʯ
Ҫ֪ս˵컷ʵǺܶ࣬컷ȫʱ򣬾͸޽ӽ⣬һսҶ˵ҲԼʵһս˵ΪҪ
⼸νֵĹ֮УҶ̵ܹĸо컷ԼƾеټУЩԲˣпܱԷɱֻԽԽսԽ£нɱ¼ľȫӳơ
ৡһ컷Ӱ֮нʱҶеѪ֮ϵҲ͵ķǣһѪɫĵâ˫ֽյѪ汬컷ڣҶ׵ĵâҲǳصģոײ㼤ƬѪɫĹâֱӽΧɨβƽأ⻹֮ƴĿʼ
û뵽Сӻеʵүүǿķǰ㻹ҪģҶǿܹͷųȥȭӰֵסںǿȭ絽ʱ컷ľ͸ˣȫ֮ϳѪڴ˿Ѿ͵ĺһСһصߣͬһźɫĴһҶ׵ε档
ȥɣȻԼȭӰҶǰѪɫֵסǿʹȭָ˶Ӱ֮ӣһǴ
ֻҶײΪ֮ȻεվԭеѪâڲŵͬʱֱɸڵ֮۵Խž޴ѹϴӰ֮нҶеѪֱӱӭ컷һȭͷ
ˡҶ׵Ĵ˿Ѿóȫ컷ǿѹ֮£ȫļȻڷĲƴҪѶ嵱ͷŵһϧһ˿ȻҶ׵֮ϲϵĲ˿컷ҶǿѹȸУԱһСɽˡ
СӣΪԼʵǿͺԣ֪˰ɣѵ㻹ԼƴȫһȭҶ׵Ѫ֮ϣȻһȭûҶױɣܹĸоһȭҶ˵ǿɱڼһµĻСӿ϶ᱻԼѪģǵģôһ컷ϵıͱԽԽ޼ɵˡ
Ȼ컷ѾҶѹסҶ֮ѾʮѪɫ˿ڣҶȴûаȻƽƴֵš
ˡһǿʩѪ֮ϾȻѪǰδеѹһѪȻʼҲϾҪһҶڵĵҲ΢΢ݣǿֱҶ뵽Уƺٱ컷΢ʩѹҪıڵһ
ҶȣҶһЩҵ׸Ե£컷УѾҶ֧͸֧ı֡
СӣͲҪӲˣûǿͷϴүܹһż컷ȡõԽԽѾҶĹѾ֮ǰҶȴȻҧƴļ֣˵ЩȻҪŹҶ׶Ҫ༤Ҷ׳׷ֿ
컷ҲѾɣ˿ѾԼôܹҶ׳ѹʱҶ׵ȴһͬ뷨
һ컷ԿʩչԼʵǿɱ¼Ϊ֮ǰȻεɱʤɱ¼ĺô෴ûɱ¼ĻҶ׵ĺܻܿͱԷɱһҶ׵ս˵Ӳ٣ǶʵھǱ˵ȴһı׶ˡ
ͺһֵһ֮󣬱ʩʣΪֲʢɳʩĳЩֶδʹʤɳվ쳤ֲҲԼԭڷֵ֮Уöֲ֮˵Ϊķȴûã𵽵ԽԽ࣬ĳһˣһֲºпܻԼԭȵʽ
Ҷڱˣֻһζɱ¼Լʵö֮ҲԼӦеǿǱһǱӳʵ»һصģҲҶûٴɱ¼ʵҪԭͬʱҶҲΪԼԴʵе¡
֨֨
ҶȫĹⶼӦΪɱ¼Ĵڲͬ컷ɱʵǷȱ˲٣ɱ¼ĻҶһεսƾУֻƾ֮ȴž޴Σ
ɣ컷û뵽Ҷ׾Ȼôһȭ˾Ÿʱ䣬˵ĻѾĩˣڵҶȴȻ˿վԼǰͬµѾһεĴӣӵĴڣ¾컷ԼһȭĹˡ
ɢɢ컷߽еױʱҶҲǽɢʹó
һȻҶ׵汬ĳֱ֮е컷컷¶Ȳ˼ı飬Ҳû뵽Լ嵱еôҶ׵֮Ϸˣ
顱һЩ컷Ǿ޴ȭͷײһ𣬾ܴ˿컷ȻռƣԼǰҶԭյѪȻٴųѪɫĹâ
ն
Ϊ淴ȡ˲ٵʱ䣬һҶ׵ĶûбȽ֮ǰֿ˼֣ѪɵģѪӰǱһѪɫâֱ컷
֮дҶȫֱ뵽Ѫ֮УŴĹ룬Ѫ֮ԭģѪӰǱøӵһڵѪŭ컷
һڣޱһŷݵѪʱ컷ϾȻִδйأ͵һȫļڴ˿ҲԽһЩԲøӵԲһѾûκι˼ɣΪľֻҪնɱǰµĵˡ
ʯأ
ˡһ컷һȣȫһ̶ե뵽컷֮ϵÿһƤУҲһԲ壬һʯһ֮кݺݵ׹Ҷ׵壬Ѫڰ֮ײ
𡱵һҶ׸Ѫ𣬵ֳ죬͵һץͷȻֱӳſҧ컷֮ϡ
ۡһ컷ͱͷҧ˼Ѫ컷ȫѪԽԽ࣬컷̲סƣ
֮䣬컷ԭԲ徹ȻһйƤһʼС


ʮ ˿
컷ļСһͬһҲǴĿкݺݵӿֱѪײһѪײͷ­ײ飬ҲΣΣɼʱҶ׵Ҳǳһֱ۵ĻӶһѪɫâѪ徹ȻһֱǺһ
顱һײֱӽɽȷԲ׵ľʳƬ컷Ѿָ˴СʱѾв˿ѪģҶѾͬѪһ컷ǰ
Ҷ׵ĳ֣컷ԭ׺ݵ΢һ£㲻Ҷ˵Ҳ֪Լ³ˡ
ĵȥɣӴԺûˡҶѪâҡҷ컷ֱӱͷ룬һѪĲƣٴα̳⡣
Ҷ׿ǰƬѪ˿ûԥֱһֱۣѪĲۣƬѪȻһѪɫ뵽Ҷ׵ֱ۵УѪɫĲϾ죬һģķѾǰ
ΪԼǰƷҶ׵¶һЩЦݣͬʱȫļҲǲͣŤΣܿΪ컷
ҸûȥˣҶһʱ䣬Լ컷ѾпһʱˣѾԸȵżˣ뵽Ҷױû˿ͣܿ뵽ԸУԱķ档
ϴûãͺݺݵĳͷɣһ뵽棬ҶͷҲ̧͹ڵϣһĿధ
ߣûϢĶ鵽ô£˵һǻͷԵģݳɵüͷ˵
Ҷ֪ԼѾƭأͼӴ׽ԼҪϷֶԷʵôŰɱԷʵһ飬ĩıŰʬǸ˳
СӿҲ򵥣ʲô𣿡ѾĲܹķʬ壬Ҷ׵Ļּʵ
Ҷ׹ڵ۾תת뵽ʲôϽ˵ϴСӺҵӶ⸽̽Ϣģû뵽Ǹײˣǵù
˵ҶֱһĻѻΪѾˣȻû˻˵Щˡֻ쿴˿ǰѾķƺʲô̲ס˵Ѿʼˣѵӽͬ˵Ļҵþ콫Ϣˣ
ϴҪҪȥţĻҶ׸ϽԱ˵
ǲˣת˿ӣ¸ҪһǾͿ뿪ʱٴҲ٣˵ʧҶ׵ߵУǴ𷿼͵ƱصԼϢˡ
Ҷ״˿ȻûԥΪԱɵϿʼ˼ڶ顣
һҹߣܿ㵽˵ڶ졣
ûнҶ׾㲻Ҳ֪ԼģӶһƸ˿ʱͻͨһ˿£Ӷ¾ͻڵİ벽ǻʾΪǻʾǿС
磬𣬽ļпѾʼˣһ뵽ǰһԼͷڼеĿģϵЦݾͱøɬʮԸͷһ
ȻĻ˵֮󣬷ӷ˳û뵽ǽķȻñոˡ
ã㿴ʲô˵ŷӻͳһƷϸһȻ׵Ǽһҹ֮Ȼ޸Ȼ֮ǰǰԼ֮оȻ͸һЩǹ⣬˵ֶһЩЧ
һѾ޸ɹµϾȻֶһЩ˷ܵı飬л磡
˵űҪӷнӹȥڷ˹ȥֹʱ򣬷ȻһѽµָץסˣҲɷԼֻС֮С
磬Ѿ˰緹׼ˡȻѾ͸ȻС˵
ǺǣǾͶлԱˣѾ޲ϣԱ϶ǳˣʱٴȥһЩתתԱӦòģİɣƺҲǾԼЩ𣬱㽫µиϽԼָ˻
һ뿪˷Ժ䣬뿪ӰԭϴҸЦݵķ֮ͱʳħһ
һҶҲǳߣϴҪ׼ȫ׼ˣ
˵Ҷױ뿪ȥˣҶʧıӰ۾΢ջû˵Ļ
ܿ±˿УڿԱѾӿ˳£ȥзǰôǰû𣿡
ЩɬӣҶҲװֵʵ
¸֪ҶѾԼ׵ģȻ˵㿴ʲô
˵±㽫һ˳Ҷ׿Ѿ޸˾ųɵ϶ʱ¶һȵı飬û뵽Ȼһҹ֮޸̶ֳȣѾϷôȡ
ܿͽĵʵĸݵǷǰĽˣھȥŪ¾Ʋˣ˵ʲôһҪлǰ֮
˵Ҷױ뿪˿ȥһΪˡ
ܿ죬¾Ʋ˱׼ˣ˶˿̰ڵļȫ˲֮ϡ
ΪĶҶȻҪվ˵ˣСʮǰʶ˵õһǴԼҷˮСռ֮أʶ˷ǰ°С޸Ǹж£С˾ǰһ
˵ҶױƱһƣҲƺ±ȥ
ֺһƣһ֮Ҷ̲ס˵ǰСôһæҲΪСŮҲǵ˼˵ͣҲٻϣһƽƽ⼸ҼǰСŮĸҲ㲻С˶ͽСŮǰ֪ǰΣ
Ҷ׵Ļ̲ס˵ҶȻЦǺǵĿ죬װԥһ£ֽĿ⿴̲סͷ£һڴԼλվеľһЦ˵Ա⣬İɣӴԺ±ҵӣҵӱ£ӴԺһһһչģ
˵ţ㽫µǣ˿µҲǳ׺͸ͬʱ嵱е˿ҲǱԽ


ʮ ¹
˿ѾԲˣ
´˿˷ﵽʱ򣬲Ŀµ˿Ѿ죬Ҷ׺ߵҲѾһ㣬Ҷܹһȵķ֪ΣڵϦˡ
ءһ΢еζɢһɫ徹Ȼ˳µıǿ׽뵽嵱Уһ嵱еһ˿һץסһµ궼棬˿ĳȡѾΪܷ˳ɾһΪҪĹؼˡ
컷ȥǻҪǣ嵱еһ˿ʱеòҲѾָӣҶȻҲܹб컷òЩԸ뿪˿
һ֮̿Ϲһ˿Ȼб֮Ǵ꽥ķ뿪ЩΪӵģΪӵǽһ˿֮ϵĸ߳״µ룬Ļһ˿и飬ȻͲܽ£һļƻȻˣԲܹгһ˿һĲ
Ϊ˿Ǵµ֮ӲжϵģָϵʹĥԶԶȽʬλҪʹֹٱҶ۽ܹһ˿˳µ굱ȡ±ʮ˲һ黹Ҫʹ࣬˿뿪µ壬¿¾ͻΪ˿ʹģϧҶƫƫȴΪ
Сһû뵽㻹ôҶΪʱȻҶ׵ԺˣΪҶ꣬ȻܹоҶеֱ
룬΢̾һԼָһ㣬㽫֮ϵһ˿ֱڻȻٶƲۣȴֱӽеԺڱ¶κʹĸоҲֻ嵱еĸ־ǣżȻӦˡ
лʦҶȻ֪ôֵĿģ΢лһרĹעժȡ˿̡
ʱôһʧˣܿ͵ٽʱ̡
һ̫֮ûɽŸոһ֮еͬԵĳ棬ܵԭˮҲ¶һ˿Цݡ
һ˿Ѿ״µ굱бܷǳϸСѾ޷ĳ̶ȣҶ׵лܹһ΢ĵɫ˿С
һ˿ϸ΢һϸһ֮ϣȫҲųһɹɺɫĹâǾȫѪ֮ȫͷŵһףֱӴݶȻ˰֮У˿˳֮е뵽ѪУҶ׾Ϳһɫ˿ȻСλãŸУһ˿Ҳڲϵı仯ֱɣһᴩ֮䡣
һɫΪٽҲѿԶ޷һɫĳ֮徹ȻһЩ΢ı仯֮жºԲһҲǸܵһȻųһΪȵĹâӰ֮нٵϣͬʱյԶ̲ǳǿպһ̱øӵһЩ
Ҫǻʾ𣿡һҶ̧ͷŰ֮еЩԥЩãȻܹоܹı仯˵ԲһͷǴѾҲû̫õİ취ˣֻû뵽ǣ֮еһ˿Ȼܹǻʾߵĳ̶ȡ
һƺоҶеһ˿ɻ󣬱԰οСһ˿ǻʾǲܣû㿴ףҪ¹Եϴ񣬾ͨ飬ҲҪһʱĳ˿Ҳֵĺʱ
һȻҪοҶףҶ׵˵ͷ㽫ԼеĲѹȥʼע

¹ԵĽ٣һһ֮ͬһž޴ĻһٵϡȻȫ¶һ뵽һּ״̬嵱һԭѪҲڴɫŤ֮±һЩֵ״״ͺһ嵱вõһԼʼǿ֮ϵȺңӦһɹɸǿҵ
ǣ¹ԴӶ֮ȺǵĹֻҪܹиǹ⽵ͿԽ嵱Ѫ˲޸Ļ㲻ȥɱҲģ˿¹ԵʱҶ׵ԺһϸĽǻʾҪһЩ顣
Ľ⣬ҶҲǲʵʦ˼˵ҪǻʾͱҪ¹𣿡
û뵽Ҷ׾ȻôһҲЦ˵֮ǳڵҲһǳǳȻ£±һǳĸĸͺ˵ĸĸһǳǻʾǿǾһǳδչһ㶨ı׼
ҪǻʾͱȻȡµϿɣͺгһܹǿյĴţӴԺ뵽֮;֮ǰֻǷӣһѣ֮лڲϽٵĻ¹ԣ֮¶һ˿ԥ̲ס˵
ʲôҪǻʾҪǿմţǾ˵ԺҪǻʾǲҲҪͨһأҶ֪˼̲ס˵
Ҷ׵Ķ񻯣üë˰̾˿˵Сһʦ㣬ʵ⣬ҲܹԤǻʾ
ĻҶ΢΢һ㶣û˵ʲôܹоѾ֪ɱ¼һЩֻΪԭɱ¼ԶԶܹķΧΪǣ浽ܣûеҶûٶ˵ʲô
ʱԽԽ¹Ӱ֮нٵϣȻ඼һС¯Ҳǳ˸Ťı飬嵱еѪⶼʼɽ̿״һЩƿζ嵱Ʈɢ
Ÿ¹뵽嵱к֮еѾ߳ΣѪƱԽԽɼһ򵥵ѾҶ׵С
顱һһɺɫıըֱжһ˿


ʮ ƻǹ
󷨳ˣ嵱Ѿ߹ģҶеĿҲ֮Խܹо嵱γɵѾʼķ仯ܹǿյĴˡ
ˡһΪ¹ԵãǿյĴʵѾǳǰھͲ嵱еʱ߶Կ׽һװĴŴ򿪣ͿԽǹ⽽ൽ嵱УӶľֱӶͻư벽ǻʣ뵽ǻʾΪ֮õеһʿ
νһɻǿݣ˵ľĻһڵܹ¹ԣҲδܹǿ֮ţǿ֮Ҳδܹ֮ȺǵĽ࣬ûȺǵĽ࣬ô˺ɣǹĽ࣬ļҲ֮һɴ˿ɼһ߽ǻʾ֮֮á
ҿܴ˿̵ȫѪ죬Ǻһһ飬еĵط׹ǶѾ¶Ѿճɺ̿Ǵ˿̵ȴûаԼ嵱Ŀģͬʱд뵽嵱һƵãҪĻǿ֮ϴ񣬷֮ڵûлָĵ
ǿ֮ϴХ嵱е󷨾ȻųʺɫѪ֮⣬Ѫ֮Ⲣǵ嵱мΪľѪ֮⣬嵱ľڣҲһʱ̡
ˡ
Х֮嵱е󷨾Ȼ˸ҫ۵Ѫɫâͬʱһ򵥵ͼ嵱зֱӳ䵽֮Уǿ֮оȻһǳҲͼʼƬǳԻĽൽ֮ϡ
֮ϵ˿ڲſʼĻָͬʱ嵱еҲʼ
֣ƺоԽԽǿͬʱҲΪΣյʱ̣Ҷ׳֣ܵʾѾ˫ڴصͬһɽһͬһѪɫһ졣
ߣһСӣƺѾԤϵҶ׻͵ϮҶ׸ոտʱֻ΢쿪һֻƣһɼǿĺɫĹâ֮бһɫĹâ̱㻻һɫҧҶ׵塣
Ҷüͷһ壬еѪҲ漴֣ͬʱһѪɫĵâҲǻնǺɫ򼡣
ۡһѪɫâںɫϣֱӽĶͷһѪɫӡǣɫ򼻹һ˵Ҷ׵ϣҶû뵽ɫ򼾹ȻĻҪѲˡ
Ҷ֪˿̲ʱԺɫѪڣ廹ڲϷҶ˫ѾѪ˫ֵĻ裬һѪɫĳ˫֮бֱĳ˺ɫ塣
ѪɫʱҶ׵յһֱֻ˺ɫڵķԭſƵεһգѪҲ͵ſݺݵҧ˺ɫ壬ۡһɫ徹ȻѪҧ壬ͬʱѪֱ˺ɫ嵱Уֱӽɫ嶼ʳƬ
ʱһֱվҶߵҲǺ͵Ϯ
п˵֮ΪƻһÿγֶǷǳնҪгֽҶĻҶ׵в컷Ҫࡣ
ǼˣȻֻҪֵ쳹ǿ֮ŵнǹ⣬񣬵ʱ쳹ǻʾĽҲǵҶӭʱ̣ЩԥǿѾ㲻òˡ
ɫи컷ȣиһʦһ㽫ԼǿʩչҶ׵ıһɫԲȦѾ峹ֽȥҶױоǰһڣߵе嶼׷ױըһ뵽һδ֪統С
ء
һҶ׵ȻɫϸߣЩϸ߿ʮֵǴǺɫԲȦչʱȴɢǿ˺ϢЩϢÿһһĵâûдҶ׵ϱ㽫ҶĿ˺Ƭһӱ㽫Ҷ׵˹ȥ
Ѿ׼ǱǿȥʱҶ׻ǸоȫºҪһƬѪ嵱бընʳƬͬʱһѪҲǺԥĴҶ׵嵱ϯЩɫâûг׽Ҷ׽֮ǰ峹װ˿Ҷײе֮
컷ͬǣȻ͵Ϯǳǿƴʵܴ󣬷Ļм΢ķ¾ҶˣвҲпܱҶץסѱֱɱ
ƣնɢҶ֪ǰΣûнɱȱиɱˡ
ֶβǺɫԲȦѾ׽ֽȥʱеѪҲǻһǿҵѪɫâǺɫԲȦƴһ
ۡһҶеѪֱ˺ɫԲȦ֮ϣǺɫԲȦѪɫâУɢֱӽն˺ɫϢڲĺɫѾ͸Ѫɫâ̵ҶʱҶ׵۾͵һһͳԴɤ˻ɢ
Щԭ̽Ҷ嵱еĺɫ־ȻͬɫϸһֱӱճɻҽһźȻҶеȥֱǺɫԲȦ
䡱һѪɫâͺɫϢϯ֮£ɫԲȦȻ˲ԼƣռƵҲɫò԰ףǱˣҶôܸĻᣬҪضʱҶ׶ͷ֮ϵһ϶Ҳǻſˣ
ɱ֮⣡
˸Ҫ̧ߵʱһɫĹֱӴ͸֮ϣһɫߴҶ׶ͷϵĸ֮֮󲻵ûбԽԽǿͬʱѪҲ⡢ɱ֮֮¿ʼήͬʱһɱǵɫĹâ֮вϷӿڵɫâʧ֮嵱еϢң嵱Ѫıը˵ҲǳױһƬƬʬǡ
ˣ˵峹飬Ҷ׵һԭЩѪɫҲΪĴʧò԰΢ԥһ±Ѿǹ⽽ӽβ졣
Ϊһεľ飬ҶײûóȻ죬ڲԶԼĸ۶׼֮ǽǹΪؼ֮ϡ


ʮ նɱ
ɱ֮𣡡
Ѫۣ֮
Ҷ֪˿Ѿǹһˣϲ˺ܾܿͻǻʾĽʱҪɱǾǱȵ컹ˣоųɾŵĿܱɱûǻʾһΪڷʱ̣뽫Ϊĵطˣ˿嵱нǹ嵱ĵط
ˡһһҶȫѪΪѪ֮ıǴӶеͷһҶ׵˫ҲǱŨŨѪɫɱ֮ȣѪ֮۵ʹ˲֪ٱͬʱķҲǿ˺ܶࡣ
ǼҶȻѡʹѪۣ֮ۿҪǹɾǻʾߵʱһѪɫĹâ޷嵱С
һѪɫĹֻгһָĴϸѪɫʱ򣬻屻ֱ䴩ͬʱǹҲǱ˴룬ǼҲǳǹǻʾߵĳ̶ȡ
֨֨֨
Ŵǹ嵱бգҲ¶̵ЦݣҶ׾Ȼƻζǹռֱ񼫣ҪΪпֶνĥǻʾ֮Ѿпˡ
¸£ò˵ǷǳˣΪҽ֮ɱĵһˣҲܷģҲô׾ģǹ򼣡ؿڱѪֱ֮䴩Ѫ֮䴩λúܿͻָ˿̵쵥չһŵɫâĺɫ֮ͬһӭһſѪڱҶ׵塣
ءһһɫһֱв׵ĳȣٶȼ죬ϸΪֻһɫĻߣҶȴܹоɫ̺ǿѾͨǹˡ
Ҷû뵽ԼѪ֮Ȼ͸壬֮һ˿ڣǻûֹǹһǹע룬Ȼ֮ǰӳɱԼֻһҲҶȫԸˡ
Ҷ΢ЩǵʱĻʱҶٴȼϣҪ֪Ҷ׿ʲôѾʥߵǷǳղҶһѪֱ֮ӽˣΪǹ޸û¶ʹǹĻϵǻԽԽģһҲƴҶ׵Сһ֮нǹѾ٣ܹһο赭дһеĻʱᴦڶα״̬Ļɱ׶ˣ
Ŷ𣿡һƺܶ࣬Ҷ׵Ժֻǧٷ֮һѡ
һɫ˵ҶǰʱҶеѪɫâٴųŨҵĹâ
ɱ񾻻ɢն
Ҷ֪ѾԼʱ̵ˣ΢һ˿һôɱͻԴԴ٣ܹŹһɱĻͻռʱԵֻܾܿһ档
ৡһҶѪһѪʱŵɫâĺɫѾ˵Ҷ׵ǰ
ˡһѿһɫֱ˵Ҷ׵ǰѪҶ֮еγɣһֻɫֱӾͽðͷѪֱҧ飬ǼҶ׽Ѫ˫ȻûֹͣǿնɱȥݺݵĽѪɫĵâ˺ɫϣ˿ҶҲ˲ɢǷѾдﵽ£㵥ֱ̧ӵͳĺɢ
ѪɫâںɫͷʱһɫҲǴҶ׵зҶҲֻǿס˺ɫޱײеѹһ̵ΣҶױ㲻ұ֤ˡ
ΪʵڼֲסҶֻõյһֻƳиո飬ΪѪķ˹ȥѪǸҶ׵嵱УһҶ׵ҲΪЩѪֱ
֨֨
һҶ壬ĹչѪҲ𽥵һҶ׵֮߱ǰ΢͵һ׾ңֱŵ׶ߣѾһС˵ӣͬʱѪĹâҲǱԽԽʢȻǺɫڰ֮н֮һʱҲѷʤ
ԭϷһɫʱ˼䣬˿ԭЩ޿ֵıʱøӵ
ɶСû뵽㾹ȻôʹҾʹɣΪҶ׻׾ͱԼ£Լʹ̫ǹǣ˿ڣûʹ̫ڿǿˣʱҲ˼صƣѾû˼ȥҶģ뽫Ҷ׾ɱսپ
һһֱֻٴλչƵſһǿ嵱һӹ뵽һֻɫ棬źɫٴͣһֻɫѪھȻһӽҶеѪĵâҧֱҧҶ׵塣
ɣСʵѾҵǰֻ۵ѣΪҶһˣʶҶ׵޼ֱˣܹҶ˺ƬѾΪǻʾֵ֮ˡ
Ǭתƣ
ҶѾ޷һֻȫĺɫ򼿹⣬ҲûзԼһ˿ſĻᣬǬתǿʹó
˿̾УŵɫâĺɫݺݵҧҶ׵壬ŴƬѪıըһɫĹâȻǰŤͿҶ׵徹ȻںɫѪ֮лıҶʧǺɫҲǱڴƬѪС
ȻһҶ׵ѾƬУҶױʳƬһĻôôĹ죬ͺҶײǱɱʧһҿɢڰ֮еѪҲ޷жϳѪҶ׵ģǸոеġ
ѵСûһ뵽ղǹĳ棬͵һ𣬾ڴ˿һϮתһһ࣬Ҷԭģ徹Ȼٵ۳ҶӰԽҲԽľ֡
ֻղȣ˿̵ҶѾѪģȱһѪ⣬ϸȥῴɭɭİ׹ǣɷˡ
˲䣬ҶΪɵĻһ֮һ뵽ԺС


ʮ 
죬Ѿ֪嵱е󷨱һ֮˼⣬ʹɱһôӭӵĽҶΪ޴Ļ
ɢ
ҶڱϿƽ嵱Ѿ˺ۣǺɫҧҧһڲ㽫峹ҧϣҶܹʱһѪôҵѪȡĻ˿Ѿˡ
һ֮ͿʼһʮȵĴתѾӵ˶쳹׻ɱ
ءһҶ׳ǰһ̣ѾоһвҶſƵʱһǿ֮ͬˮһ壬ΪµЩоȻҲżǿ޷ֿġ
ۡ
һĺͬһѾ޴ĸ־һͣи屻ͣĦƬѪģƬЩƬƮ裬ƺɢ룬嵱ǵǹ¾ȻںϵĿܣҶ״һ
Сһ֮ǹĽϣһЩƾǹĻָ컹ǿ»ģոսǻʾӵǿʱһѪֱ׾ٵ顣Ҷ׵֮£Ѿ֧飬ȴûɢĿܣҶҲһЩõԤС
Ҷ˵ռƵģûбҪôţԽԽǲܹ⣬ܻܿŪɳ׾
ɱۣ֮Ҷ׿һԼѪѸٵĵлȻƽ״̬ͬʱͷ֮һöҲǱſ
Ѿʹɱ֮ˣҶ׽˰벽ߵľ磬ҲЩԲΪͷ֮Ѫͣ˫֮оȻѪʳģɷǿ£ˣҶȻη塣
ɱ֮۱ʱҶ׾ȻܹĸоѪģɢ嵱оȻԼһڷɿת󷨵л൱ǹΪ󷨲
ˡһǹıըһ˲һģĳΣȥı仯пڼ֮г׻ָԭһҶҲǺԥֱӽһɫĹâٴ󷨵е֮ϡ
䡱һһɫĹâֱӽ䴩Ѫɫâ嵱Уǹıɱ֮۵ɨ֮£ԭѾ𽥼󷨾Ȼٴγֱס
ͻȻ任Ҫٴθı̬۵ʱҶ͵ĳǰ˼ֱ󷨵ĸǰһţһѪɫУͬʱһǿҲڴ˿вϵγɡ

Իָϵ˿ڣǶҶ˵ȴһּ˺Ҷ׻ҪðķȥɱһΪܹо˿̲֣»ԽԽģ
̣Ҷᣬ͵һֱ֮󷨵֮Уķɿת嵱뵽Ҷ׵棬ĻָȻⲻʧ
Ҷ׺ôţԼһʱʱ䣬ڱҶ׵Ź趼եˣֻʣһͷ­Ҷ׵ϡ

Ҷû뵽ܼ򵥵Ḷ́ʵʵȴҪôĴۣ֮ҶȴǸ̫Ĵˡ
ۡ
Ҷ׳׽ѪյԼ嵱еʱ򣬲嵱вͣҶƴתʱٴѪ
ԵǣҶѪ֮ĻҲ𽥻ָҶױЩôһڣȻܵ˲𺦣ǻܹܵķΧֻһôȥĻõĿܾȫѪ飬ֶϽţǱᣬ³Ϊˡ
оΣ֮Ҷ׵ԽԽţһֽҪף֪һеԴԴ嵱ӵмǿ
УҾԲܹôұ취ǰΣҶ֪ǻʾߵû뵽ǻʾ߾Ȼǿᵽ˳̶ȣԷˣҲʱ޿̲پһ˲Ҷ׾Ȼһֱĸо
һΪҶ嵱еѪϵı嵱еϵƻ忪ʼӰ֮вϽкݺˤڵϵĿܣһҶ͵ĽʩչŻҶ嵱вϵת˫ǿܹ
Ҷ˫֧ڵ֮ϣûΪ弡ʧݺݵˤ䣬΢һǱ̬ͬʺһ˲ݴ֮УͬʱΪãɫҲǴҶ׵˫֮бֱϯ֣Ƭľ˲ǰһѵķɻңʧˡ
УǲУҶû뵽ȻộĻֻܹڻ󲿷ֵǶȴûа취ȥĻҶ˵ԽԽˡ
ۡһҶ׵һ֮ϵѪȻΪĻֱӱըһȴ֮
ۡһҶ׵һ첲ҲΪѪ֮Ļңһ첲Ҷ׵֮Ϸ
ܿҶ׵˫Ⱥ˫۶ΪͣıըҶ׵ϷֻʣҶ׵һͬѪģͷ­һһҶͷ֮ʶҲǽģ
ˡ
Ҷ׵ͷԽԽԺ뵽һְԵ״̬ҲΪΣյʱ̣ǡǡʱҲҶ嵱Ϊʱ䡣
Сӣû뵽ɣҲǺӳҵģھҵǰɣΪ˿¹ѾϱɼΪǿ꣬Ҷ׵滹ŷƻͼͻҶ嵱һߣʱͿ˳µԼˡ
ܿ죬˳ĴҶ׵嵱н뵽Ҷ׵Ժ棬Ҷı壬걾֮ϻһ飬Ȼ֪ʲô֮µҶʲôȴʮģֻ֪ҪҶ׳ɣôһµ彫ˡ
¸£Сӣû뵽꾹ȻôôͲ˼ˡ


ʮ 
ҲҪΪķô뵽һּΪʹľأõʵʵĹǰһʱˣͻһ겻㳹㻹ĻᣬĻһҶŭܾܿͻᱻŪĻɢпܳױɷɻңҲҶܹܲ˵һ֮ͨҶ׵ǰ
ô˵ҪŹҶףҪģԼлɳˣ󳹵ռҶ׵塣ֻҶȴʲôҲʼս˫ۡ
ǰҶ׵ϥڰ֮УѪɫ˷뵽Ҷ׵棬Щ಻ϣ΢ȴĳֶҪҶ׵ʶѣ쿴Ҷþκֶζѽֹռһµ塣
ɣ쾡ܸոʧȥ壬ʮһߵľ죬Խִܹͦȥĳɾ;ԽƾһҲ̲һĪĻ
쳤Х֮һʮ׳嵱л˳һʰ쵵˿һƵҶ׵֮ϣһ˿͵սҶ׵꾹Ȼһʰ쵵档
ҾԲܹҶû뵽ԼƻȽ˳һδɱͷȻô⣬ȻбĿܣҶоĸоûп֣˵ԼڵûдﵽĻڵʵ㲻ְҶ׽նɱҲԼһЩʾġ
ţɱ¼𣿡ܴ˿Ҷ׵ʶѾģ˼£ܹоԼͷʲôڻƯһӦþĸ׸µˡ
УҪɱ¼ȡùͨҶ׸оԼɱ¼ȡϵǴ˿һʰ쵵ҲǽĽ곹סһƴĲ֮£Ҳ˥Ūٹһʱ䣬ͻ᳹ʧ
ͷһֱҶͷܾûзӦɱ¼ȻĲɱ
ǹϵĴ֮оȻһģȻҶҲ˼Ҷȴܹģĸоʲôɱ¼΢΢ʱһƬսȻɱ¼֮һӱ㽫뵽һƬս֮С
ɱɱɱ
һҶ׵ԺжһƬսɱ龰иǸоëȻһСӲ뵽С
ۡ
ɱȻд֮ÿһһʹ࣬һֱǧʹ֮ԭı龹Ȼϵήÿʼ֪־ͺˣͬʱԭҲʼģ
գ֮һ޴Ӱ֮нݺݵϣһѹֱӽ곹ɷĩҪĻᶼûˣҶ׵Ժ˲ָһƬǰδеƽ
֮Ҷ׵ĶҲǽ뵽һָӳŵ״̬Уڽ걻֮󣬱ֻصҶͷҶһ뵽˳˯״̬
һҶ׵徹ȻŶѵ֫һֲһпʼѿ
һ죬죬ʱȥˣҶ׵嵱оȻһɫѪ״չҶѾϵֽ֮ϣֻǴ˿Ҷ׵˫Ȼţڳ˯һ
ֳ֮Ҷ׵Ľյ˫۲ǻˣֻ˿ѾоԼ˫ۺ˫ȣΨһܹľֻͷϵˡ
û뵽һεĽѵһǽɱǿĻֻʮʱ䣬ȴҶеᵽһʹ࣬һε֮ñһĻҪĶǣҪҶ׸д
ͬҶҲһε֮õ򵽲ٶڽǻʾһЩǴ뵽Ҷ׵굱УоԼͻǻʾҲǸһֻҪ޸Լϵֱۺ˫ȻһЩ
ҶȻܹоԼ˫ۺ˫ȵĴڣȴܹͨһɫѪϵ˫ۺ˫֮ϵѪҺȡϵֻҪܹͣĸӦҶ׾Լܹ½Լָġ
Ͼ˼Լٵİ˵Ѿﵽ˼£ͣĸӦ֮£Щԭ֫ĵɫѪ״徹Ȼִ׳࣬Ҷ׵ĸӦЩɫѪװ徹ȻѾܹ϶Ѿϵ֫ˡ
գҶÿһλ֮ЩɫѪһ嶼ʹȴûзÿһεĳԣʧһǧ֮һѾʼŵɫѪ״忪ʼ˹
ʱȥˣҶ׵֫Ѿ»ص֮УеѪҲǳ׵ںҶ׵ϣеָܻ֮ҶѾܹӵ֮վˡ
֨֨ҶȫѪĻҶѾָܹоԼѪǿȱ֮ǰҪǿ׳˲٣ż֮仹һЩת
⾿ô£Ҷ׽ԼľעԼ֮еʱȴҲҲЩͺЩûг嵱һ
û뵽һεҾȻ˲ʮʱ䣬ִеĸʱѾˣȻҶɱ˳ĻȻ˵񣬵ѵĻǵĸֻƺÿһ񶼺һʵԵǲ֪Լĸ֮ʲôı仯أ
ȻҶ׳׻ָ֮û뿪СǽԼĸ֪뵽ɱ¼пʼϸĶеݡ
벽ǻʾʱľʮǧŰ٣źɱ˰벽õǧ飬ɱһЩǿߺ鵤ֵõİپ飬֮Ҷɱ˰벽컷õǧ飬ɱ˰벽ֵõǧ飬ɱ֮õľ࣬һ飬Щһʮһǧپ飬ǻʾʮ黹ǲ˺ܶࡣ
Ҫ֪ǰɱһ벽ҲҪ飬ΪԼҲ˰벽֮еľѾˮǧһСǿߵľˮһٶ࣬鵤ֻּжʮľ飬ôһɱٶıǿҲ޼ˣֻܹĿЩ벽ߣǻʾߵˡ
ȻҶһʧأǶ˵ϾǻʾֽһҲǳһǵһǣԺ򲻵ѣǻʾߵѪˡ


ٰʮ εŮ
Ϊ߱Ҫ֤Լİȫڽ֮ǰѾú󷨣һЩԸ֮ڵĲȻûĻɣҶ֮ǰԱĲƲָȥСĴԱһ˸ж£ֻǴ˺Ա⸸ŮӴʧ˵ߵС
뿪С֮Ҷױ㳯γһķȥ
ǣҰ벽ߣϲɹƭҲҷ̻һУ츳ֻϵȣھ̷ȴŷǱѰ裬ֶƭͼ̻ᣬ̻ᾹȻҲаѱУŴʹҪ˴֮졣
һҶɴ񲻵ܹõҵĳϣԱӻҶ۹ĸֱֻӻֻǱķأҶҪȥɱҵ˿¾ͲԼķΧ֮ˣҶܹõԼ񣬻ŵеļֵҲǲģҲҶԸðյԭ
ֻĸԶѶȣһɱҶڵʵ񣬾ʵǿᵽ˰벽ʥҪҲƱص죬ĸĽֱö񣬽֮ǰֱӷһ
ӦÿԹõڶˣͬʱҲӦÿǿôҵһ¹ԵĻҴ޷ǻʾΪߵģɱ¼ûʾҶ״ŸоһЩ˿벽ߵƬ̣嵱ɱ¼΢΢һʱҶ׾Ȼоɱ¼ǳ֮ǿҵ
Լǻʾʱɱ¼˴ǳ֮һµı仯ɣһ뵽еֿҶ׶ԼǻʾҲǳڴ
һʱҶױ㴩һɽ߹Ƭɭһޱȸߴĳǳظǰһǳر۹ǳῤǣ˵óһһλµγɵһǳأȻ֪˵Ŷм֣ʷ֮һǳ֮ȷʵһλֻһλڳ֮ʧ½Ҳ֪ȥ֮һλĺ˱㽥ûῤǵУĺҲȻῤǵĵһ壬֮˶Ҳ˼ɵġ
ҶڽһЩ֮õ˽ῤǵȨΪһϻһɫƣ֮Ҷ׾ǻӻҲάּһֶΡ
Ҷ׽ῤ֮ҵӶ̻ص㡣Ҷ׼רȴһߡ
Ӷ̻紦ǬѾʼҽбҵӶ̻ҲصһЩƫƧĵطҴ˵ػһܵͨ⣬һʱҵӶ롣
Ҷһ뵽ҵбܵޱĿ⣬ֻĿɨ˼ֱ֮º
ҶףҶ׸߽ҵеʱ߱ʵ
˵֮ǰҶ׶ڻ߿ܻûʲô̫ĸǵĻ콻֮󣬱ޱĸоߵǿ֮ǶԻ̺֮ޱȵļɻ䣬ǰƺѾͻǻʾĳڽ뵽ǻʾСɽ׶ΡҶ׶ǰǻʾҲǸļɻ䡣
ֻּɻֻǱģ֮ȴûıֳԾһӣǰҶףġ
˵Ҷױ㽫ͷǷߵǰΪǳ⣬ֻл߲ܹαһҪֶβſԡ
ߵ˵ͷʾҶ£㽫Ҷ׵ݹͷУĻתһЩƬҲǴͷ֮ϻųͺһſСһͷǵϿա
Ȼͷ­û뵽ɳôĻ߶ûһ벽߾Ȼܹô̵ʱҲòƺǱҶ׵սƷ㽫һӿڴ˳ݸҶס
ִԼĿڴͳһҾƺƱƱԸҶЦ˵磬ΣǿҲҵĵϵӣֻӽȽ˵ǲһЩĲΪ磬ڼ嵱еĵλҲһҽһ
Ҳ˺Ҷһ޼ӵĺҶܹоҪԼѣûŤǺƸȥ
ǰǲʲô£ԵУƺܹоʲô飡Ҷ׽ƺȥָ֮εһԼҲ֮΢ɻʵ
Ҷף˵ĺܶԣȷʵ˲ĵ飬㲻ӽĸҲ˵Щֻ˵ȷʵİٺһֺһһƱκȥ֮ϵĳݱŨһЩ
ʵ˵˵Ҳ̫飬ǵŮѾΪ˵ӣȴƫƫⱲ޷󼰴˼ҿӲĽǵŮӸˣʮ꣬ҵʮ꣬Ľ˵Ҵ˿̵жܣûҶԼľƱ浹һ̲סȥ
εĻҶҲ뵽һŮӣģӰѾԶȥ˿̵ѾΪԼȥζΪ˿ԼɽԼڵʵ϶˷ǿԼҲҪ֣ϧҶѾûˣҲǳΪ޸Ҷ֪Ҫɵʲôطȥ
һ뵽Ҷ׵ҲǶһЩݣͻȻ֮Ҷ뵽һ⣬΢ԥһ»ʳǰһʣ֪˭ǵŮӣѵ𣿡
Ҷ׵Ļζʱһ㶣û뵽ǰСӾȻ˵ô治ĻҲ΢΢һЦᵽҶ׵˼ϱһȻЦ˵ҵλӽҪһЩ
ҵʵܹﵽǻʾɻлһԣܹﵽ벽ʥ߻͸һЩܹﵽʥʥߣ¾ҲҲὫǵŮͻģϧʼ޷ͻǻʾСɣǿɱ˵ֺһھƣ˿ϵıҲǱøӵİˣֻȴ޷ƽ
εĻҶ״˶ԷĿദȷʵŮˣͬȵʵ͵λĻûκλᡣֻΰѻ˵ʱȴ¶һ˿δԥļ㣬ƺĳݺݵ˵УʮΪѾȣʮһԳʥ򾳣ٳϽǵŮӸ


ٰʮһ ̻
ʮʱ䣿ŮѾ㵭˰ɣεĻҶױ仰˵ģǻ߻ǸӲȥ֪ʮʱ˿ҲǻĵģҶ״ûָ˭Լһ
ֻǴ˿ҶȷʵǱεжˣû뵽ζǸŮӾȻ˵һ΢ԥһЩŰοǰʵҪͻڵľûлᣬǰĻȵܹǰҵһǰͻƵĺð취
ŶҶ׵Ļ΢ʵĶоȻһ⣬˻֪ĺܣҶں㿤ǵʱֻһ񾳴ɵǿߣֻǹ˽µʱ䣬Ҷ׾Ȼܹ벽ߣٶȼֱһԷа취ԼǿԲοһ¡
ֻȻôģҲûб̫ϣϾܹǻʾȫͬĸҪ֪ǻʾ֮ǰֻͨߣǻʾʿӴ˱̤֮·已̥
ζҶ׻͵ıûȥЦ˵Ȼô˵ˣҾһΣῤִеޱȵΣգϣܹ˳񣬾겻ҲҪȻ˵
εĻҶ׵˵ͷЦ˵Ǿͳǰˣһ󣬲֪ǰܲܰ°쵽
һ뵽ԼڽкܿΪǿΣգҶ̲ס˵Ҷ׵ĻҲ΢ȵĿ˿Ҷףʮ̹ȻϿҵ˵ˣ˵ܹ쵽Ļ;˵ˣ޷ֻܹǸˣ
ҲûкҶ׿ʲôֱӽԼҪ˵Ļ˵˳ڼûаĿףεĻҶҲͷû뵽ζԼȻôšҲһš
һп²ΪζԼжôΣӽôģӽԸֻҪԼʲôҪ󾡿㣬ֻһ߱ϾҲȨˣȻܶӽĻΨǴӣοҲҵĵϵӣҵʿ
ֻǴʱξûһڴӦҶ׶εҲǼΪмģֽ˵ʵ˵Ѳѣ˵ѣҲͦѵġ
ǰӦ֪ǰҲһЩֻѶȱ֮ǰκһЩѶȶҪ֣ǵһУϵЩȫҪӰܹǰһЩĻһֻʱѾ֪ǰܷȥأҶ˵ЩʱʵҲʮֿɬģ˿ѾҲ˲ٱķεûһںν̸Ĺ֮ͻȻ뵽θԼһЩ뷨
Ҷ׵ĻζʱЦ˵ҶףһҶˣ˵²һһºŽٱ˵ľиֱõıǲȻǽôԵҾͱ˵İɣ
˵αԼĿڴͳһһСɫģһ֪ʲôɵıһһɫĶ񣬶֮ϴһɫĹЩ߰ƴһէһȥȻһ˷ĸо
ҶܹоһֶԼϴŵݼˣıÿһ֮϶öϣﵽöɣɴ˿ɼȷʵԼ
ҶҪѯʵʱȽһﱦ˳Ҷ˵һұ׷籦һɽȶ֮еõģǱѰǿĹܱǿԿȰ벽ʥߵٶȣһ֮ô˱㲻õʱٶȵˣ
һ۸һöÿμӼʮö񣡡ιȻǰٱмֵǵıﾹȻ۾գһµģͺŵĶֻͨСѡ
óҵĵڶ֮ǿĹܱǿ㻯ЩЩϢʥҲ޷һı壬˱һʩչԽ˲䴫ľ룬Ա֤ڶʱ֮ʹΣ֮˱㳹ױϣ˵ţֽڶ
һϵļ۸ǴﵽöÿμӼٶʮö񡣡û˵﾿ܹ򵽶ټǮҶ׿¹ǰһԼҵˡ
Ҷ׸жĲ֪˵ʲôȻܹҶ״˿̵ļ飬Ц˵ҶףҪлңһлʱܹΪ磬ŮӵԵ˵һЩԵأ
ãһΪˣҶܹоеĿɬһڴӦʮֿĽƵҶ׵ǰֿⱦװڴ棬û˵ЩʲôǽҶ׵ľƱ͵Ʊ㿪ʼĬĬƷ
һʱȥˣʱȥˣҶ׺˺ҹβҶ׵뿪ῤǣҶҲǿʼһΪΣյ֮ã֮ͬǰǱ뵽ǵĸۡУڶౣʿı£ǳɱ
ȻҶɱǵֶҲǲһֻҪܹɱҶֻΪޱȵĽƻ˭Ҳܹ֤һǣһǼٵǡ
ҶҪɴҪľǸԼһԿǵݣĳ̻Ļ᳤ҲҸҶ׷Ѿ˼ŵһ
Ҷ뿪Ӷ̻ص֮ῤһ̻ᣬ̻˫̻ᣬ̻ڶ̻̻Ӵһ̻ᣬ˿ܹ̻ôѾ̻ңҶױ᳤̻ò̻Ĵ֮ǰ
᳤ҵѾ͹ˣҪҪϯƵЩ̻ͷĿǳǹʱƵ̻ӴĿģǾǽ̵̻᳹Ǹ˲ٱ̻ᣬԴϴο֮׼ٴγ֣Ҫῤ֮дһˡ
ȥȻҪȥˣǻ̻Ȼܹ̻棬οһεľϯ½ǻ̻ĳͷ֮գ̸ξϯ飡Ҷ״̻ͷĿнӹһЦЦװԼĿڴС


ٰʮ 
ţ᳤ƽʱٲμľϯǹҵľϯ᳤һֱǷǳԶĵطΪʲôƫƫ淴
̻ͷĿǷǳῤǵ̻Ȼͷ죬ڴƵ̻̻һɱ˲¹ͷĶħһ̻̫֮󣬺ױ̻̲Դֻ̻̻֮ǱһƽȵĽ׹ϵǶԷЩ̻Ҳ֮ףһЩ̻޽ɣͬʱҲһЩ̻Ϊ̻еһ⡣
⻨̻Ȼ̻ᵱеٮٮߣͬʱҲһֱ̻һ̻ᣬֻһ̻˾֮⣬ĽʣȻͻΪ̻еһˣɲ̻ԱԸ⿴顣
̻Ͼǻ᳤һִȻһЩΣĳԱҲֻܹĬĬӣǻ᳤ʲôɥʧĵ飬ǶȨʡ
ҶȻ֪Щôģ˵޷Ǿ棬Ҳ㲻ˣֻҶ׵г֮⣬ںԼξϯҪȥ
ʵνľϯһЩ̻ԸٰһᣬֻЩϯҪμӵ̻ͳһַõģеʱϯķòܹջд׬һʵĿܣҲһֵľϯǿѪ޹飬֮ǾϯҲкܶѧʣͬһû̵սһ
һ̻ľϯ̻Լľ¥еģں̻ܶ˵ûôģҪ֪Լ¥ٰľϯǳ֮ҲҪȥģһ涼һʡʡμӵ̻͵ķҲһ͵֣˵׾һⱾ⣬СͶ̻˵Ѿǲҳˡ
ա
ĿǰУҶ׺̻ܿľ¥˿ھ¥Ѿվ˴С̻ͷĿͷ죬Щ緢ʲôϲһȻҲһЩµ̻Ļ᳤ǰɼ̻ῤǵеĵλˡ
ΪҶ׶֮ǰ᳤ݣ֮ǰǽ鱨һ飬Щ̻ǿ֪һţһ뵽¥б㿴һЩС̻Ļ᳤˹Ҷ׽˹ȥ
ЩС̻Ļ᳤Ҷ׶ϤʵǺҶ׶ҲǲżһѣЩܹ֮˻ȵĴһƬһΪ̳֮ϵѾ˰ţһҲΪǶǸոս̻ᣬ˴֮ٻһЩͬ棬һҲǱ˴֮䶼˹ͬԣһĴ㡣
ȻҲֻʱģһĸ̻ῤǵվȽŸ֮Զ뿪С뵽һǿͬ˵УΪЩС̻ĵˣ飬½̻ỹ̻ᶼĬϵģҲΪЩ̻бȻ׼򣬱Ͼ̻ᶼΪǿʳЩе
ȱû뵽첻㿴־˲ٰҶױЩ᳤̻мʱһӷ׵᳤̻׷ǰҶϵ׽Щмӷ׵ͶѾʮֻ˻ǱȽᣬǶҶ׵ҪһЩһҶվЩԵЩȺˡ
ǺǣͯϣҲһǰһһЩչ˰ɣҶ֮ǰһѪɱ֣ڴ˿ѾʵһƵˣһ뵽Щ˵УЩ̻Ļ᳤Ļȣͺ񼸰ûмһ˴˺
ʱ̻ͷĿҶ״ЩС̻֮дˣҶ׵뿪ЩС̻Ļ᳤׷¶ӵĿ⣬֮ǰ־ҶȻȥҲȻӡ
ߣһȺĵҶ뿪ܹоЩ֮ĳףЩѾ޹ˣЩС̻򽻵ûԶѣֻԶ棬ǵǳĴ׾ͻϵһǵĺȻʱʱ̶̿в˵С̻򽻵һЩ̻ʡģϾ̻᲻ںС̻Щ棬С̻֮Ϊ䲻ĿɳһǵĺϵΪ˴֮ɱĵ
뿪ЩթС̻ᣬҶ׺̻ܿΪĵһЩ̻ǰмվŵı̻Ļ᳤ǣҶ˹ǰҶ״кһЩ̻Ļ᳤Ҷ׵ʱ΢΢һ𣬺ĥʲôֻǲûЩȻҶЦ˵ȱϵܣǰҲæҸһЩʶʶ
Щ᳤̻ע£ǸҶ׽˲̻Ļ᳤̻ʱҶǸ࿴᳤̻ۡ
޼һӣĶţǳĵǾǲ˵޼վҲͬһһޱȣҶܹо˵ʵǻʾˡ
ǻȱΪ޼ƺҶ׵Ͽʲôûк᳤̻һ˵һЩӦĿ׻ĵĿ佱
޼ĻҲ΢΢һ㶣漴Ҷ׵ֺ̬˼֡
һ֮Ҷױ뵽ϯУ˿һ̻Ļ᳤Լλ֮վЦ˵γ᳤̻ʢ룬ǲʤмСһƾȾ᳤
˵̻Ļ᳤͵ĸһ᳤̻ڣ᳤̻жʱ¶мĿ⣬Ȼеľһ
̻Ļ᳤ٴθԼľƱһЦ˵ڶǾĸλϣԺܹ֮˴ӦϺɣ
˵ţ᳤ֱ̻ӺһƣصԼĶλ᳤̻Ŀͷ᳤̻㲻ԸҲֻܹ׷Ч£ҶǳΪ˵ڶʵģȻľٶȻһЩ᳤̻ҲһЩ᳤̻ҶǴ͵۹⣬ֻһֱûͬЩ˵еϴһ
һ־ƽֺһֵ֮˵ˣͬʱҲǽͷϷ
ĳλһһΪôһۣһҲΪĳͷһЩ챦ҪôҼһЩ˵Ҳã˵ãҲЩģ̧һ̨ЦĻ£ҵ˱㽫һǧĮ̧̇˳
էһ̨֮ϵһȦȦĹŹֻƣ̨֮ϸһǧһƺȻѸɿݣ̨֮Ȼ֮һ˲䱻ĵ̳һǽ̨չֵǧһ


ٰʮ ľ괺̨
Сһ̨Ǻǫ̧̈ǰʱǺ׵ĴҶԺ˳ֱӶ̨ЦΪ˷ܵ˵
ĻҶҲ΢΢һЩ̾ʵʦټܹһѵ̨ʲô֮
Ҷײ𣬶ʵڿһ̨ʲô֮һ̨ҲһЩװѡ
Ҷ׵Ļ죬̲ס˵̨ͨ磬ⲻ̨֪ʱԽڲԽԽ٣һһޣ̨ǷƷһ
ּ˵ǰ̨ͨģܹеԼڲһǫ̃ڻָ궼Īôģ
˵һĽҪӵһ̨һ
ҶȻ֪˼ˣҪ֪ԴʵԼֵ߳ĴԽԽ٣ʱԽԽһ£һ̨ĶõĻþֶȥõҲδɣʱʵǿҲһĺ¡
뵽ҶƺҲǴһ⣬ȻʦϲѧȻ߾ȫ
ôһĹƷڷԼǰԽԽ̻ΧȥʼԱ۷׷Ƕ̨ʹüֵûж֪ȻЩ˴ʶ̨Ż̨ļֵֻһЩǳǳĹ㣬һֱԱߺгӿˡ
ôλ֮λĸܹĳͽλϼ죡ǿ˵жһƽӣҲǱüΪΪĵ˵
֣Цһǿⶫʲôõģֻһ΢һĹƷѣǰѻ˵֮ߵһ᳤̻ϸ˿˵
ǰ֣ӵϿӦǼֵƣҲǵһЩŹֵĻƣֻҵôҲ޷о̫ȱΪʱ̫ԶʧԵʰɣеһ˵ôڶ˵ʱû̫Ĺˡ
ʱǰĿ⿴ҶΪ̾˵ȱϷйҪ㿴﾿ʲôֻҪܹԼص˵ôҳŵһὫ͸ģ
¸¸£Сӣ׬ˣ¸¸¡Ҷû˵ʲô嵱е˷Ц
ھͰ˵ĸ˼ұ֤ܹ˳õ϶Ǻ㰡һ˵һ߿ЦͺѾ뵽ĿڴһҶĻȻҲЩֵ֣û뵽˿һ뵽ϾҲǳѾõϹŶû˵ʲô
ǰȻôô׳ˣҶװѻ˵װĴһ̨̨ǰװϸĴһʵҶȷʵҲڿֻ̨һǾ̨ͨƷûʲô̫֮ͬʱҲǽĻδεıû뵽̨Ȼ˵Ĳʵ
ҶѾ׼ǵ˵ЩʱǾЩȻԼһ̨ͨĶ̸ĻҪ˵ˡ
ΪǵķԸΧ˶Ҷ׶ǲмһˣ˵󣬵ؼʱЩ˶ԾİҪһҶ׵׻˵ʲôһΪǷԸģ⻹һҲΪǱҲǷǳȤġ
˵ҶҪ˵ʱΧ˶ǱԸֲͬĿ⣬˵˿ҶѾﻢˣǺǣλʵҺʹҵ뷨һҲǾƷûʲôر֮ʮֵͨԴҲҪԼ۹ʲô⡣
Ҷ׸տʼ⼸仰ȫǿ׻ͬҲЩʶһ̨ףΪ˵Ļܻ̼ܿǣὫԼλðڵЩʶ˵Ķ棬ôһ֮оܶˣôһ˵ǺܺõĸԼһ̵棬Ժ˵ٺãҲЩʶĲʶ̫ѡ
Ҷ׵һһЩ˶Ҷ׵̬ȾȻķת䣬ǣҶôǲǸԼǰϸоȴⲻҶײԼӣһΪķ˸˵ȤԼڲ֮ء
ҶװԼҪ˵Ļ˵ȥ֮ҲǾЩ˶Լ̬ȸıһЩ»бȽϿ׵ģּ˵ֻϸ˿ͻȻƷȻһżȻһ鱾֮ϿĶʮֵƣǼľ괺̨
ľ괺̨֮Χܶ˶ʼԼԺ˼ʱȻЩ뵽˿ľ괺̨ʲô
ʲôⶫȻǿľ괺̨
ȷʵм֮Ҷ˵ƷƵʱ򣬺ܶ˶뵽ʲôʼԼеĿľ괺̨뵽һ
뵽Ҷ׵ٴ¶һЩΥЦݣ˵ľ괺̨˵۹һߵƷԴ̨רΪ۹һ꣬һ۹Ȼͬ˳̩񰲣ֻλΪһ䣬ƷҲǲ֪ʧδٴμƷȻĻҪĶԣǰѵһıﰡ
Ҷװѻ˵ʱҲ¶һͺѾľ괺̨֮е⾳һΧҲĿҶףͺҶǰڷŵǿ汦һ
Щ˵ΪǣҲû뵽ͨĶȻôȷʵ۹˵еĿľ괺̨ΪƣҶ˵Ǽ٣ҲһҲҶ׸ԼһЩˡ
úúã˵ǶҶױֻʮ⣬һ˵ӣһ뵽֮ǰҶ׵ĳŵЦ˵ȱȻܹ˵ôͰ֮ǰ˵ģҾͰ͸ˣ
¸¸£ǲʶ˵һﱻҳ֮ļֵٻᳬǧööСһߴˣǵĻҶ׵Ժ
˷ģҶȻҲǾ֣ǽһװԼĴָС


ٰʮ ҩȨ
õ֮һ뵽ԼĴָУҶҪϸ𶼲ҶֻЦЦȥŪˡ
Ҷװڴ֮˶Ҷ׵̬ҲǷԵĸı䣬һЩ˻ΪﲻʲôҪֳܹͨҲҶ׵ӣǸ̻һո¶ͷǵĻ
ҶǵķԸ֮󣬾ֻصԼλ֮ϣлǰһúϧһģ
Ҷ׵ĻҲֻЦЦû˵ʲôһ»Ҳǽ뵽ʽľϯ̵С
ΪÿһξоϯǵҪЩԷҪ췽̻ҪƳһЩµƷͶŵгУҲǸ̻һδԼĻᡣ
ʱ̻ĸ˻ߵ˵ǰλǳӭλܹμ̻ξٰľϯٰ̻ξϯҪĿҪøλ̻һ̻ƳҩЧóһֵҩ
̻һƵҩһЩ۸һٳһĵҩ̻Ʒ̻ͷĿĻ£һ̴̻ǶԲ̴ĻŵһԲ滹һӨ͸ĵҩ
ûпһöҩʱѾŵһöҩ㣬ͺԼѾڰٻŵĻУŸֻۼһභ޵ĳ档
һöҩٻþһһöҩͻڷ͹Գһϲζ˵Ǻ᳤̻ܶӽ
ڵһöҩ̴̻չʾ֮ԽԽĵҩҲǱ̴͵˵ǰʱ̻ͷĿּ˵λڵǽΪҪĻǾǵҩЧļ֤ͬʱλֻҪһöҩͻõ̻Ǵ൤ҩķȨޣڿʼһöҩٻķȨ׼һڳ𣡡
û뵽ǾȻѺܶ˶ⱾľϯŪȤҲֻ̻ôʵɣһöҩķȨʼʱ̻ͷĿͻ᳤ӻԾӣҶҲǶһЩ壬⻹һζԼĿֵĸ顣
ܹо֮ҪΪԷʵѾ㹻Լˡ
ʮڳ𣡡Ҷ׶ٻʮָȤһöҩļֵ϶ֵʮڳԾ˽۸̧ߵһǧʱҶֱӽеļ۸̧ߵʮڳ۸᳤̻ͷĿѾԳĹơ
ãһöٻķȨɻ̻ã˵⻰֮һ̴ԵĽ̻Ĳ˵һڷŵҩ֮ϣҩȨˡ
Ǻǣˣû뵽θô󣡡ʮڳһ̻˵һĿÿʮڳķãټϹҩķú֧һ̻˵ȴһСĸԵҶôʱʵ΢΢һ㶣¶һ͵Ŀ⡣
Ϊ̻Ļ᳤̻ÿзҩȻǾеһʱľȨȻ֪ٻļֵ壬Ҷʮڳȡ÷ٻȨ޻ʮֵõġ
ǵĻҶȻд󣬲Ҳûбֵʮ־ϲӣ΢п˼㽫Լٴη̨֮ϡ
һҶʮڳļ۸ֵҩķȨǻ̻̻ῪʼǢ̸ˡ
ˣҶ׻ص̻ỹǱ̻ļͷĿԼ鷿ſڡЩ̻ͷĿҶ׻ôߵļǮöҩķȨǱˣҶҪҪйԼĵеĲġ
᳤Ƕ֪Ѿֵ̻ҩķȨȻ̻һִģǶ֮и˲ٵѪǶΪλʮڹֵҩҪֺ̻̻ᣬпΪ˵õ̻Ͽɣ᳤̻֪ǵĻθأ⼸̻ͷĿҶΧʱһȽзȨ̻ͷĿʮַ߿˵
ǺǺǣǶ˵ЩоЦһ̻һƳʮֵҩ̻ᶼǷ̻Ҫ淢չǸ̻ȸûõģΪʱὫߣһ̻ᣬֵܹҩķȨֵҩƷӪõĻһεĺῤĿʼҶ˵ʱֱ׳ûаı֣˵̻ͷĿҲЩ顣
Ƕǳ̻û᳤̻⻨̻ܻܿһĲֵ
̻ͷĿվԭضЩɣҶҲЦЦ˵֪еĹǣ̻̲ǻ̻ᣬҿԸǣֻҪܹãӳÿ˵ļֵ̻᲻ǲṩԽԽʱҪƴǿ¶ܵģǰҪԼΪ磬ˣҲûܡ
Ҷ׽Щ˵֮ҶҲǽһЩϹ򵽵ĵҩһһַЩ̻ͷĿ᳤ȻԼЩ̻ͷĿûʲôԹԣ׷׻صԼĸλʼ
Ҷ׿Щһ΢ıӰϵЦҲԽԽƻ
ЩûбֳҶܹоЩ˵п϶ǷߣĻЩҲô֪ϵ飬Щ˵½Լ
ҪӽǻЩ鷳Ҳûʲôǻֵ̻ܹҩ˳ķȥҪȡεĹؼ֮ȻҶǰźܶ⣬Ҷ׻Ǻ׾ץסеĹؼ㣬һνӽǵļƻԵࡣ
ҶڻصԼ鷿֮󣬱Ķ˹ῤҵչĴ鱨й̻飬˶̻ᷢÿʦϸ˽ĳ̶ȣһҲӼᶨһܹ̻ġܵ˵εҩ۵ĻҪ̻š
Ҷ׵鱨Уÿ궼Ӻ̻ܶᣬǽҵ̻ӺĸǷǳңЩʱĵˮ©̻ҪëҲиɻģ˺ΪⱾǾ֮жթһָĻô̻ᶼһǵо׬Ǯǲֵأ
ҶԼ鷿֮ҲֻһϾ׫дһŵļƻԼԺ̻κȫ滮


ٰʮ 
ڶڻ̻С
ô
᳤ľ᲻̫ˣҶ׽ԼĻȫȥʱ̻ЩͷĿҶ׺һô̻ܽô涼óȥأȥģ̻϶Ҫеʽģ
Щ̻ͷĿҶ׺̻иΪеĺʮֵĲŪӣ͸Щ̻ͷĿҶ׵ıֳΪķ߿Ҷ׶Щ˵Ĳмһˣֵֻ׵ʱ򣬲ż˵仰εľѾ˺ܳʱ䣬Ķ۷ǳȷ̻ܹڵڶ¾ջͶʧǲţôʧһڳȫеδһڵҩĴҪõɣ
Ҷװѻ˵ʱֻǽָ˵ǰȻһ£ԼĿڴͳʮڳ
ЩЩ̻ͷĿ̾סˣǵһ㣬һ֮еҩ϶ûһڳŪûҪⲻǮЩ̻ͷĿͬҶ׵ľǻｫڸԵ򵥵ķһ£Щ˵ľٶҶȻûбֳЩ˵ıֱʾ˲м
һȺĿˣҶûǵֱۣ뿪
Ϊ᳤̻Ȼ̻ĺƽʱҪ鲢Ǿ̻ڵĿǣһ˵̻Ļ᳤ʱ䶼ڵ۹ǿгȥҰΪ硣
Ͼ棬ȻΪ粻ܹٷ֮پһУһ̻һΪʮǿ᳤̻ô̻ͬʵ̻ȣٻӼʮ꣬ã̻ڲ᳤̻ĵλҲΪ÷ǳȹ̣ҶƻȻ˷ԣȴûвκʵãΪ᳤ʵ̻ṫǿһ
ȻҶ뿪ῤǲҪȥУҪӸǿֻҪܹٽһȡϿɣлӴǣʱҵɱĻȻ練ˡ
ʱˣ»̻˿ҪùˣŪ̻ᶼᱻΪƽصġ
Ҷһ뿪̻ͱ˸ˣЩ˲Ҷ׵ĺ涢ʮʱ䣬žҶûʲô⣬˶Ҷ׵ļӣȴҲûиҶ̫ɣʮ֮Ҷٴλصῤǡ
ʱ̻̻ʩѾʵȥһЩظ̺ʹԱ˵ӣ̼ҰðٻһֿԺͰٻ۵ĵҩΪῤǼƷֻҪ΢Щݵ˶˼á
ڻֵ̻᷷ҩļ۸һٽÿһǧɱ۵İٻֻ˾ŰٳŶʮѾ˲ʮöôǵҩļ۸Ѿһǧⲻʮģķá
Ҷ׻صῤ֮󣬰ٻٴηҶóʮڳѾڵһһǧˣĵڶ¾ˡ
ν۱ֵҩ۵̣ÿ찴ʱжʱԭ۵İۼ۸޶ҩһգʣ¸ĵҩͱҪԭ۽йˡ
˵ֶῤǣ۹δţ˵һЩ̻ᣬǶҶ׵ֶҲǱźÿ춼йעš
Ǿڵڶһ۸սˡ
Ϊǰһʱ䣬ֵҩῤޱȻ𱬣ῤǵ˶ֵ֪ҩҪϢһЩ֮Чرõĸ̺һѾ˻̵̻ſڣһţЩ˱㿪ʼޣһźܿ۵ĵҩͱһգûõ֮оʣԭ۷ĵҩˣǼĵҩǴһڵһ죬ٻѾﵽǧö˰ٻ۵ļ¼
һЩû򵽰ٻĸ̺߻Ϊǻ̻ԼĹǵһ̻᷷ļ۸Ȼߣһǲ֪ῤ֮йİٻʡ˲ٳ
ʧһһ죬ῤܱ߿ǵ˶׷׹ӻ̻ٻһٻֱӳʮһöôһ̻һöٻͲһڳеߴɣʮʱ̻ƾٻ׬ڳĴ󣬶Űٻ۹ĳ۸񻹻᲻Ǽۣٻ۵ҲһЩۺˣΪƵǻ̻ͷĿۿŽӲӵĳҶ׵ĿڴҲֻܹɵˡ
˿̾ǸۡУǿһĿǰЩңΪջ˵һԼƵĵҩƷʸãôûл̻ô𱬣ǲһǳʺģվŵ̻ͷĿһӵĻۿŻ̻ʮ̻Ǳһķȣзǳǿ磬ǵѾ̻ˣ
᳤ҪҪ˰ѻ̻ˣ˵̻һͷĿ̰ڳĨӵĶ
ûԴĶԭΪ̻ͷĿڸԼһǲ⣬ڿԼЩʵˣֲܹϷֻܹЦ˵ģ˶֪̻Ὣ̻ˣһʱҺͻ壬ҶңҪĨǣٳֲץסѱ𣬸ο϶ҲƲ˵ǾԲܹģΪɶСӾȻһʮķȨʮ֮ǱӦֵҩջ𰡣
һЩǾ;ƣҪ֪ҶǩԼΪԼռ˶ıˣڿʵԼԴˣ۹ͼ֪ٻ֮󣬰ٻ϶ԽԽõģ
᳤ղյ鱨ҾȻҵ̻Ҫ¢Թٻҳļ۸г۸ʮǻڷʱ򣬻̻ӭʷһ
ʲôȻ飬ǻ̻ͬ𣿡ߵĻԼλվݺݵʵ
ûаɣ˵᳤̻۸̫ͣԷҪһԸʮķã᳤̻Ҳûͬ⣬ҿ뿪˻̻ˣ
߲ͣĸǻ㱨ʱڻ̻̻ſڣҶѾ̻ĴˣܱǸͷĿҺúÿǿǰɣϾ̻ǿٻȵҰѰٻ㣬̻ܾ޴ʧģ
̻һͷĿ㶼Ҫˡ


ٰʮ Ǹۡ
Ƶ̰ѻ̻Ļ᳤סһҪԴǺεȴˣһµĻжϳҶе뷨
ܹоҶô˳ϣԼĻҳ۸ѾɽˣЩҶһ־һڳ°ٻʮķȨ֮оҶ׾һ¹ϵˣۺЩԼжûˡ
ˣͨҳôߵļǮҶ׻˵ٲɵҪ֪Һ֮ĹϵǺܺãҶͼһʱı˰ѵҩңµȴĽ޾ıʱŪ̻ᶼܻܿᱻֱģҶûô֤ûбͷԡ
ǿɲΪҾͻᱻҶôѸ赲һĺôҪҸǮ֮ǰҶ״һЭ飬Ҷܹ׶˺ͷ
ҲҶ̸ҪĿġ
Ҷ׽̻ͷĿ֮˿վԼһɫ̻ͷĿЩһɥӣʱεҡҡͷ֪Щ˿»ڸղֺһıаɣϧΪܣЩǵ統ԶҲֻܹһˡ
Ϊ⼸̻ͷĿľҶͷҲصĻصԼ鷿ûв´Ļҵһģʱлǵĸۡõǽ뵥ӴĻᣬԼֽһҪľǵȣȴһʺϻĵ
᳤᳤ҶԼķ棬洫һٵܲܿһ̻ĳԱҶ鷿棬᳤̻Ҳˣ
Ŷû뵽ҵıԤϵĻһЩҵĲ²ȷģҶ״Ϊʲô̻Ա̻Ĵſڣ˿̻ͷĿѾҶˡ
ǻ᳤̻ȱɣǻ᳤Ҫȥ̻ͣҶǰʱ˽һŽߣŵ͵Ҷ׵УҶֻҪ΢ܹоϵݡ
Ȼ᳤ôҾ͹ˣҶû뵽ǾȻһдЩ᳤̻ôһȥҲ᳤̻ĴȻ֪ԼһʲôãͿôҵ˼򽻵ˡ
ˣǻȥɣס̻ˣҲҪ±֤һжҪһ֮ᣡҶôƺΪϷ̻˿̻Ȼ֪Ҷʲô˼Ҷ׼Ϊ򶨻ʱЩ̻ͷĿ֪ûԼʲôֻɢ˾ְˡ
רŸҶ׼һҶüİٶֿȣûöþǵĸۡ
ûҶױ߽һԺ䵱УȻޱȵİҶܹоԺߵϢڸʱǵİȫ
֮⣬Ҷ߽ԺС¥Ŀֿ֮һǻʾվǵߣ˿̵ʮеƷŲˮרžΪ˵ȴԼһ
ݼ᳤ˣҶҲһС̻Ļ᳤ǺĴȻ̫СˣῤǿҲֻҺ࿹ˡ
Ŷˣɣ˵ҵ˽ҹˣʽʱ˵ǲźۼ棬һһʱȴǸֱӣһְҶ׼ڻϿĸо
ǵǰҵҪø߼Ǯ¢еİٻСûͬ⣬ֻܹǿǿˣʻʱʮֵǿӲҶ׻شȷʵʮִݣͺʱҲǳվߣûҲ˿Ĺϵ
ţôȷʵֻҿ²ô׷ģΰҹҪһȽеİ취ܹ׬ǮֲܹһҩңȻĻ̻ܾܿͻᱻҸŪģһᵽңԭһ˿ЦҲʧһӣ·ҶǷǮûһ
Ҷ׵Ȼ֪ڱԼ̬ء
᳤ˣܹ°ٻķȨȻֵңοСҲΪٻļ۸϶ʮ᳤ģҿʲôС˶״Ӧġһ֪֮С˻еģǵĻҶ׸Ͻ̬˵ѵʱٲ̬Ǿɵˡ
Ǻǣ㻹Ǵ˵ʵȻҶ۹Ҳεģ԰ٻƷʺͼ۸ܹѾǶˣҸ㿪ļ۸ҲˣȻҶĲ·ôӦøһЩɣסҵĸۡ棬һҺܶıʼǣϲȥʲô컯ͿԼˣ˵ǱԼĿڴͳһӸҶףҶ׽ӹ˵˼лĻ뿪ǵլԺ
ҶߺûãߵǸ߱˵ˣˣҶϢЩŹ֣ǸһĥĸоҪҪȥ죿
߻ߵĻ΢ҡͷ˵ӵľԺǿóȻǰȥ»ķУʴܹȻãȻĻֻܹİ취ˣ
ǰѻ˵ʱҲ¶һޱȲ̵Цݣ˵ԼĶĥ²Ǻ׵飬ԼĶֱƷ¡
֪ôˣҶߺߺܿҲʧǵķ棬ʱҶѾ̴̻ӴһʮָɾԺ䵱С
Ҽ˸ŵסʲôҪٻūţ˵̴̻ӱ㽫һö򽻸ҶףҶ΢Ӧһ±ܹоһЩ󷨣ֻҪע뵽󷨵бܹղǸ̴ȡϵܹסԺȷʵǲġ
̴ߺҶ׼򵥵ĿһԺ䣬ȻԺСԺ䵱лвݣСҲиߴľٴһµС¥Եô˴羰ޱȵ£һסоһĸо¥У޾ۼиṩԴԴϵЩԶ̫ʺҶ׵Ҫ˵ĿǰҪľŪһǸۡĵͼһŪͼͿԲôɱǵļƻˡ
ΪܹоԼʱ䲻ܳһǶ̽ҪôǣҪôͻᱻǵжһ˵ٻеġ


ٰʮ ֮
Ǭ｣һսʼ֮ǰǬҪܹӰ쵽ʤؽȫĿƣһЩҪϸİѿأرҶɿصһҪôͱԼãҪϣɱѿС
̻ڵĳɳֻǴ𲽽׶Σ͸ҪСʱͽпƣһչɳ֮ٽпƾͻԽԽ鷳˵Ǳ϶ҶǺصģҶȴǳ˷һЩҪɱҶ׵뷨ЩԲҶԼԼҪԵʵ
ұҪˣΪǵһ쵽Ҷֻڸ¥¥û뿪¥ԻǼҲռϢֻǸۡлһЩط˽ƣҶɱۣ֮Ҳܿô
ȻһֱڸػҪɱǻҪһˣҪһȥУҶֻڸ¥ĶվʮӣصԼķ䵱Уܿһϱежȹ
˵ڶ̴̻ӸҶһЩ㣬һŹۡĵͼһЩطδ֪򣬾ǾҶײҪ𲻱Ҫ鷳
ҶҲû⣬һЩۡҶ׿ģʵڹ۲ۡÿһ˿ϸڣڵͼֽϱעıԵ֣Ҷ׹۲ľ͸ϸˣЩڽĵطЩ󷨴ڵģǾסԺ֮ܵ¾͸ԵҶڵЩûôΣա
Ǳ϶ΪԼѾûлᣬŪûһҶ׿ǡǡǵѨ
ΪںܶĸۡУۡԽǱЩΣоԽǿңһǵĸ϶ԽĻߣиǿİ벽ʥػǡ෴ЩۡԽǿĵطۡ˳궼һƽµ״̬Уʱ䳤ȻͻиһػߵĻͻ٣Ȼ͸ҶһЩɳ֮ˣ
ѾתһȦˣҿȥ죬¹ǾͻˣҶ׺νҪ̽̽Լĵϸͨ⼸ıֶԼһʱͻᰴЩ˽Լδˡ
ЩҶĵ⣬ԵǸۡĵڶҶױڲ˺ܳʱ䣬ʱҶײŻصԼĸ¥棬֮Ҷױڸ¥Ķһ춼ˣҶ׵̴ӶѾ˽Ҷ׵ϰ߿ʼΪŷʳˡ
˵ʱҶٴαǸ˹ȥ
˵⼸ڲջ٣𣿡һμ治ͬǣǶҶ׵̬ȺһЩ΢ı仯Щ仯лһЩԼ̽ɷ棬Ҷ֪ǶԼĿ飬أԺлΪǵ£鲻أⱲӶ޷뿪һۡˡ
ֻ֮УҶ׻һЩΪʤĻġǵĻҶֻ΢΢ЦЦ˵᳤ˣС⼸ȷʵһֱڲ濴飬һ˲ٹ۹ʷ鼮ЩСδķչṩ˲ٵ֪ǰҪС𣿡
ŶǱ˼ģҶô׳̸ҪҶ׵뷨΢ЩҡˣǺǣò˵ܴȷʵ뷨ıƺҵĿʮֵаգôҾͲˣϾϲΪˣǿûʲô˼ˣ
Ϊ㲢ҪҵȤҪ㣬ǷʸΪҵ֮һֻҪΪҵĺߣȻͻӵڶԴ֧ţ̺ľ޴ƸҲ˵ҲӦ֪˰ɣҶ׹ӣ˵һʱҲǺģϾһλ߶ϣԼ°ԼӢһҲ⡣
ɣҪȥǵ۹ŷȥ̸һҩȥε̸ɣԺҵĺ飬˰ٻ֮⣬һЩҩƷзɹ֮ҲȹȨôһ뵽֮ͻȥǵ۹ŷ̸оͷ󣬲ð齻Ҷ״ƾҶڰٻϵܹҺŷĺһµ̨ס
һǵĻҶҲ˷Ϊһһȥǵ۹лɱˣãͽҺˣһ߾ȫɻ᳤ķԸ
ǿҶ׵ıȻﻹǱȽϿοģȴûаʾֺ֮Ҷ˼㽫Ҷ׸ˡ
ҶߺһֱվߵĻͻȻ˵ˣƺҶײǺܷġˣȱʮֵĹŹ֣ҾһȥǺ׵Ȼ̽̽ĵף
ߵĻҡҡͷ˵ЩܹǰŷƽôٴķΣûȥǵ۹ˣ
˵ЩֿʼڵƷԼϺõĲҶ
ǵģˣǾͰ˵ķԸȥ֪һǾԲıģûм˵ʲô
ʱҶѾ뿪ǵĸۡص˻̻ᵱУڻ̻ᵱְһЩ飬׼úһȥǵ۹ˡ
֮˸ҶϢһ֮Ǳῤ뿪ǵ۹Ҷײ׼뵽ǵ۹ٳ֣Ҫ·;֮ʱһ֣֮ǳɱ
ڣһ֮Ҷױ˺ǻϵĵطΪǳһ򶼷ǳĽеʱĶͨҶ׵ǸĺߣٶǴҪʱС
ҵõϢ֮ɳһЩרɢҵߣֵĻҶסĻһҵĻ߱ץסһսѾǱزˣģΪ˱ķȻҪһЩ˳֣ĻǽǸɱˣҲûܹҵҵͷϡ
ΪһС·һ·֮ȫɽ룬Ļ˼ͨҲѿһֻеֻŨŨϢ
һ磬ǵͣ·ߣ²ĴһƬߵĴ̾ȱЩ۹ϧһ۹ͷǵ۹һսң֮ڶ޷мֲֵӴִ֮߱ݲӡ


ٰʮ ûʸ
ǺǣЩĵطǿҶЦЦ˵߰ɣϳ
ǵĻҶҲֻ΢̾һ£ֻǽӴʱԽԽǾǳأʲô鶼ױ¶һ˵̬ȸˣҶЩĸо
˵һϼ޻ʱӴȴûзթĵطҶ׿ʼЩǵĴţһ˲䣬ҶͻȻ뵽һ飬Ǿǰ˿¸ǣֻܿǵһѡ
һ뵽Ҷ׵ĺ󱳱ðƬ亹Ҫ֪۹Ҫɱǵ˾Բл˼Ƿëǣôǿ̻ᣬĽЩ̻Ҫô֮ҪôǱֱӸˣ֮ԴǴӳûʧֹ͸͹ǵأҲҶɱǵԭ
μƻӦȡˣĻһٵһɱôұ¶ĻǾųɾţǻǻϣùֻҺҶѣȻҶҲǲٺôǲҶ׾ͻΪν͸ûбҪˡ
һϢҶһʯͷ֮ԼӡǣҴ˴жȡͼٵһŷǵ۹ȥ
ȻҶ׸ŵֶβܸҲӣǵи޶ãȫûһӦĻ棬ЩֵļҶԽȷԼе뷨
һǵ͹Ƕҵķȥǵ۹ҪãѾ֪γеܹɣҶ׵ȴûзһ˿һϣ˽ϣ´Σ͸ϣǽԼˡ
֮ǵ뷺ǵ۹ĵطΪƽʱкܶҪŷʵҲǶεĽײû̫ϣûдĽ棬Ļ򲻻ֻһԼӦµġ
λߵĻ£ܿ뵽˷ǵ۹߾һǳصУǳ֮ŷѾں˽ӷϯǸ硣
һһǲľ¥ῤҲǱȽϵˣеŷȴʼֻӣǿҵô⼸ŷӵɫҶҲһģû뵽ǵ˾ѾɶˣЩŷ˸˾öģǰϾϵǣҶʱҲܹ˵ʲô
Ǻǣǻ᳤û뵽ô磬ϯѾˣҪȻȥһȰҶ׺߽¥ʱͻȻһɫ԰׵ŷӴ˽
ˣǽŷŷСƬЩҵ£Ǵŷ̸еģŷСƬȻĸݸݵģһӣ紵ͻᱻܵӡ
ˣҶ׵üͷס壬ǿû̫ĸоЦ˵ŷƱǰ˲٣ŷѾʼЩӪˣ
Ҷû뵽ٵ˵ȻҪ񶾡ȻһǵĻŷСƬɫһӾһվŵ߻ǽ
Ǻǣǣ֪ţһοҵı磬̸УҪϴ̵ŷĶ³ģϣ㲻ҪʧźãǵĻʮֵĶ񶾣ŷСƬƺҲҶĻҪѶԸһЩһЩı鱻˵ŷСƬЩԹһһǵ۹ѾһϷҪˡ
Ҷ׷ǳ϶ǰǾԲǣڴڷǵ۹һʵıݡ
㣡ŷСƬҪ˵ʱѾԹԵ߹ŷСƬǰһƨϿʼسһֿ֮˿Ҷ׵ˣкϽԷڷ˻µģٲԿҪιˣ
һ仰㽫ŷСƬ˵ѪһǵĿǶһЩĳɷ֣ںΪ̸еģŷҵ̻᷷ҩôһŷ廹ռźܴȨģŷСƬȻҪڵҩķȨһЩ¡
ôһŷСƬҶ׵̬ȻҪһ̵ģǻ᳤û뵽ôһ׵ˣ԰ɣǻٽУϾЩ̻ľ¥ܳҲ𣡡
ŷСƬѾ棬ҲԱ߿ҲҶھϯϽζĳ
һӵʱ䣬Ҷ׺ǶѾԵĺܱˣʱŷСƬΪ˵λĿӦ÷ǳɣϴǺ̸ĺףŷҪڵҩķֵֵëָû̸
ҺͲŷԸҵ̫ǿŷֲԸҷŷѾܾεĽˣǬ̸ŷͲϵ˸ŷСƬ̸УŷҲǽŷСƬڻңһ̸ˣͰеκͺƵŷСƬϣʱֻҪŷСƬٴĺҲŷκιϵ
ֵëǳԱһã¶ʮֵЦݣ֮ǰѾ֪ЩŷСƬ˵߷ëҲ֣ʱĿ⿴ҶףҪ֪ҶףͬʱҲվȽŸĻᣬʱҶײ֪ΪʲôǻһðԼˣǾҪһԼھ̷ʵ
ǵĿ⣬ҶҲǽԼļشһ£ʼƽĶŷСƬ˵ŷӣҾ˵ЩȻǳĶԣ¶ĺܶ࿴ҲǱʾͬ
Ҷ׵ĻŷСƬѾǵЦˣʱҶͻȻת˵Ҿ㻹ЩԲУ
ۣҶ׵ĻԱƷˮһӾͽȵĲˮ˳˵ŷЩ˵ıˣû뵽Ҷ׾ȻҶһҸоõŷСƬ˵ôĻʵɲܹԤϵģЩ˵зӦǿҵŷСƬˡ
Ҷ׳ֻߵһĸңλٸҲԼҵ˲ܹ࣬һλѾңƫƫҲָֻܹţͺͻȻһվ˵Ķңǻ᳤ǰ˵㻹ûʸ񡭡
ѾǳĴˣ


ٰʮ ˣ
ûʸ񣿡ŷСƬζû뵽ⱲͷһĻۿһС˵ŷСƬһҪĸоСӣѵҪ𣿡
˰СӸӳȥҹҪǷǵ۹һūŻܹˣŷСƬʵǿ಻һ񾳴ɵʵƢŷ嵱пĿõģһ˶ʱһҪһͷײĳ嶯ŷСƬϵıȴȻôƽ
ʱ֪Լò˵ˣŷӣⲻҵˣһǳҪĺߣǴ̸еģǸˣҪʲôˣ
ʲôŷСƬԴҲû뵽ǰò˵СӾȻ̸еĹؼɵҲ֪СӾԲܹϵҹˣŪ»ûг֣߾Ѿж˿ˣ֪һѪֶΡ
Ǻǣãû뵽ǳϣǺðɣǾ̸̸ҩ飬һëĺЭ飬ûǩһ°ɣŷСƬһǵĻͶ˵һЭ͵Ҷ׵УҲûܾͽЭ鶼ԼָƽҶףҶҲ̰ԼѪӡЭ黥һ£ͽŷСƬ
˵ЭȫŷСƬרΪ˿Ӻ׼ģû뵽ǰɵӾȻͰЭ鰴ԼѪӡôЭЧˡõԼЭ飬ŷСƬһԼĶӶʱЦӣû뵽ɣЭҾƵģûһΪ濼ǵģЭǩ֮Ժ͵Ÿŷɻɣ
˵⣬ŷСƬеЭ飬һӡ
Ȼǲ֪ʲôȴǾһжҶƿһôһҶײ˵Ҳ⿴Ц
Ҷ׿ŷСƬһӣֻЦ˵㿴˰ɣ㿴ǩʲôЭ飡
˵Ҷױ㽫ָָŷСƬеЭ˵
ŷСƬԭʮֵĵ⣬Ҷôһ˵̽ԼеЭϸĿһ飬û뵽ЩЭݾȻ֮ǰƵȫͬȻ෴ŷСƬЩˡ
ǩݣŷСƬֽݺԼӡһ飬ȷҶ˵Ļˡ
ҶֽԼڴЭݸŷСƬ˿ЭһģһȫǶŷ岻ݣеֻŷ崿֮һȻҲȫӵףֻǺһСݣЩݷŷϣǺǵݲƥ䣬һ뵽ŷСƬʱЩɵˡ
ŷСƬû˾ŷҲһֻӣʱŷСƬ֪ʲôˡ
ðɣȱ᳤εҴˣԸŷǩһЭ飬ôһɣﻹһö͵ҸǵϣλЦɣŷСƬɵҲ֪ԼѾԼ˺ҵˣҲΪʲôô಻֧ԼҲƼԼ︺飬һжЩ˴ͨõġ
һŷСƬѾ׷˺ҶٴηִĴˣҶôһŪҪ飬һʱͽˣǸҽʡһʿ֧
ȱ᳤ͻȻЩˣȻ֪ȥ˷ǵ۹㾹ȻôŪϢһ֪ĽЭ͵¾ͲһĹ˰ɣڻȥ·̣ЩֵĿ˿Ҷ̲סʵ
һҶ׺ͬһ棬ʱŷӱϿͨûʲôȴŷǳǿ󷨣ڹؼʱ̻ܹα̵ʱ֮ٶȣ֮⣬һǿԵֿǻʾɻȫΣֲǺûаľţʼһеӡ
ҶǵĻ΢΢һЦ˵᳤ǿЦˣҶ׾ǺεºܺĴͬһ棬Ѿǻ᳤ҵĸˣܹΪ̻һЩҲҵķ֮¡
ŷ飬ȴһЩ鱨ȻȥһŷСƬΪ͵ӣһŷСƬһЩԸص㶼ָƣʱЩ鱨ݺȻ׾٣ҶûиСǵǣ󲿷ֶҵĹͣûҸȷ鱨ҲݵһϷ
ϧҶǰŵĲǣֻһѣԾҶװԼ뷨˵Ҳʲô̫ӳˣҶ׻صῤǣҶĿٴηһЩʵԵı仯
Ҷ׽Э齻Ǵ̻֮鷿ѾʼͷˣһվŵģһȻŵˡ
ͻȱȥִʲôջûУǸʮֺͰҲΪǲͬǣŵǳɱһ˫۾֮иǴһĨĨȵҰģվ̲סɪɪ
ǰԼôصһ˵վֱˣı֣ƭһɵӻУҸ˵Ǹȱʶˣһܵķ˸Ͻ˵ҹɣʡķ
ϵıԵԽԽͷٵǸǱŵĻϽγеĴ˵һ飬ĶӣֻʣһЦǣСӻЩ£ȥ˿µĽҲ˶ѣпܸĴۣбҪȱһˣҴȥ⼸һŲˣҪչ侲˼졣
ˣǻȱǵİţߵĻ̽Եʵ
Ͱе̻ĸۡУûг֮ǰԲܹ뿪벽ͿŰɣƺ뵽ʲôһ㰴ǰļܣһɫâȶǵӰʧڿУͺûгֹһ
ʱҶҲѾص˻̻ᣬû̻Щ죬ٻٴӣҼ۸ҲѾһöˡ
᳤ˣһǲŻ᳤ǵ˻᳤һڳϣ᳤ҪٺǼƽˣٻԽԽ࣬Щ̻ͷĿʶԼʧȥʲôҶλص̻ʱǸϽֺõĽҶΧм䣬е꺮ůеͶͱ


پʮ õǵϿ
ŰٻλǣҶҵĵλƽƣڻ̻еĵλҲԶԶԽ˹ȥﵽһµĸ߶ȣһֶ̻⼸ͷĿϧǣЩ̻ͷĿĵʱ̫ˣһ㣬Ҷ׶ǵ̬ҲôĮ
ˣǳۣҪһ£Ҷ׶ЩΨ̴ӵ˷ǳ񣬿ЩҲûиЩ˺ɫӦ˼صԼ鷿档
˿ʼһЩϢЩϢֶ͹ģÿ鷿ʱܹƾճ֣еԵɾҶҲ
ʲôҾȻĴ㣿Ҷ׽Ϣвϵķû뵽ǣʱһţĶԽԽ󣬴ֵļһǳµıܼܿˮ档
ʲôأҶﲻͣ˼ţȴû̫ı֣鱨ʾЩ鶼ǵĲ룬ҪȡǵΣһлǵϵõһЩʲôмֵĶ
Ҷ׻ڲͣ˼ŽԼӦʲôʱҵѾ˻̻֮УҶ׳ȥһȻϴǸˣͬǣһϵԽԽǿҶԼܹоǻ߳ڵΪ硣
ȱ᳤ǻ᳤ϣܹ̻סգ᳤Ҫŵģ˵ִԼĿڴȡһͬǣĹֱһλ߳һѾǽӴһЩҪ˵Ĵˣ˵Ҷף̻ͷĿҲǱҶҵ̬ȸŵˡ
ʲôȱ᳤ҵĵλȻϵ̶ֳ𣿡Щĵǻȱ̻ô޳ķ׸ǣӶԼĻᣬǲɵ֪̻ļֵԶԶǶҶôӣڳΨһܾǶҶ˷ǳĿأһʱ仨̻ЩͷĿٴοҶ׵ʱѾû˼ʺų⣬еֻļɻͳݡ
Ҷ뿪˻̻֮λ߱㽫ǵĸۡУһҶסĸۡѾһΪƯݻλãҶײܹһƬ޴ĳڳֽɫ治ͣԾţͬʱƬĺɻҲڳ滺ƯţһƬٻ޵ľ󣬴˿Ҷ׶ʱĿͬʱȻ˷ӿ塣
ʲôѵʲôǿ𣿡Ҷû뵽ܵȻô棬оЩ֮Ҷ׷޴ԺֻһˣԥĽԼɱ֮۴򿪣ȻͿһ󷨣ʱҶԺ˵ˡ
Сһ󷨽ţ󷨲ͬŵרžΪ˾ۼһĸܹ󷨵е㳹ӴԺ֮һˣһˣԳɾǻʾߣҲһֽߵİ취ֻܹ󷨵޼𿴵󷨣ͺ񿴵󷨵еҲҪӳײԾһżֵ̾ζ
Ҫ֪ǻʾȻ˳Ҳ̫ٻֻû뵽ǣʥ߾ȻΪһյ㣬һ뵽еĳ޸оԽԽǿңĬĬ뿪Ҷ׵뵽˴ָС
Ȼ뵽಻ĵ£Ǵ˿̵Ҷ׵ȴȻ෴ڸоӴ֮ԭƽľȻԽԽ˷û뵽Ȼô棬֪ܲЩҵʵأ
ҶϥԭؿʼԼתͨĹȣԽԽǿ󣬼Խ֪ǶЩͨһǿҵĿá
ˡ
ҶײΧЩʼϵĽ뵽嵱УγһѭֻЩֻܹ𵽴ĿģȴζܹѪ⵱д棬Ϊһ㴥ûУҸᱻԼԺеյ߲°㡣
֮Ҷ׼ЩϲҲЩɥϲΪЩӶΪ嵱һ޴زֿ⣬ֻҪڣǾͿ鵱еĽսѡòĵҩظֻҶ׾ɥǣ߲ͬô磬˵Ĳõ㣬һӶͨˣһͶϾҪڵǻʾ뷨
һһףҶҲû̫ȥ׷ЩʱһĹȥˣʱһת۾ţڵʱһλٴγҶ׵ĸǰҶ׵ľ벢Զպһȫ߶ȣҶ׸֪ǿҪһֱĻп¼ʱ䶼ע⵽ߵĴڡ

оλѾڸ˼ʱʱ䣬Ҷ׸ϽԼڵλվߵĸǰǰǻ᳤Ұɣ
Ҷߵǰһ¾ͲµĿģҶôһ˵ҲЦЦ˵Ǻǣˣ㲻˿еˣһӾͲµĿģҲҪ̫ﶼΪһزˣʵǿʱҪһЩźã
ҲҪǰֱӽǻʰɣ˵ǻʱ㽫ϵһָժҶôһǰ֮ǰΣͻȻ뵽һֱվߵǸߣһšЩҶ׸ϽǻٴסԺ䵱С
ҶǰʱȻʮеԼλƷŲˮֱҶǰһʱ䣬ǲ̧ͷҶףЦ˵ˣϽԱɣ
˵ţǸҶָһλǵλѾԽԽˣҶȻݵı飬ЦЦ˵ȱɵĲȻҲһЩֶΣܵ˵ǷǳģɣһʱҲûʲô㲻죬ôûɣ
ǵĻҶ΢һ»̾ʹӦȻǰҪһƴӵġ
Ҷ׵ı֣ʮĵ˵ͷ˵ô쿪ʼǾںߴԻȥˣ
˵껰ֽ֮۾ҶҲһſɣζ׺澿ʲô뷨


پʮһ 漫
ʲôǾȻҺںߴ²ô򵥵ɣҶ׻صԼķ䣬ԽԽǾ֣ȴҲûΪȥ𣬶ǼԺ䵱еĳԱ߼е󷨵
ΪĵУҶ׵ʱĸĿ죬ܿһʱȥˣҶױۻʴԼõĺߣ˵Ǻ˵һΪ޴ĳȻǸۡλãôһҶ׶ۡжһЩ棬ֻϧ⸹صĵһЩ󷨵ڵ£Ҷ׿ɱ֮Ҳѿ󷨱󾿾ʲô
һС͵ĺȻǴǵĸۡУĴСҲзԲˣСԽһͨСˣȴƫƫһΪзɵĵطҶո߾Ϳһ޴ʯͷ֮ϱĿͣһ˺һӡ
ǻʸҶװһƣվԭزٿˣҶֻһǵվ
ˣ˺ܳʱɣǻʽҶ״ߵʱѾ˺ܾõӣһֱǽһ֮źҶ˵
᳤Ÿѣղſ᳤ʱרע̬һʱԲûдŻ᳤Ҷ׽̳֮˵仰ˮƽҲֱֻ˺üΣô˵ǶЩǱϻǼΪõģҶһƨĵǡô̫ĻᱻҶ׵Ļƭȥء
Ǻǣ⼸仰˵̫ˣϲԱ߸һ𴹵˭ϵִֶ࣡ŵֻһͣҲֻһ߶ѣûеҶ˵ǻʽѾ׼õһͽҶס
л᳤࣡ҶҲϻӹǻеĵͱں߿ʼģѧǵӿʼ
ৡһҶ׾ͿǾȻϢĽһ׳ˮ֮еֱ̼һǳɣڵȫûʹǵʹõҲǼ٣ܹ֮һ޹ߵȫƾľľƿء
֮ʱܹһ˿һʱһ˿УҪƾвͣߣһķѹ飬Ǽˣֻô̵ʱ䣬ǾȻ͵㣬ҲԼıָоʮֵ⣬һһޱϲһЩЦݡ
ˣڴʱһҪĽԼȥЩоĻһҲδܹһģǿҶԼԱҲжʱˣϧŵ߲㣬߰뾶ʮ׵λҲûһ֣ȥҶʮֵĲ
ǵĻҶҲ΢΢üͷû뵽ôɵ飬ԼͱôӣһʱҶ׵ҲǶһЩ飬еȴǱյĸˡ
ȥĴҶϸǵĻ㲻ĽԼ䵽֮ϣܿоԼеߺľͶһ㹳ˡ
ֻ㹳ʮֵѣγɾ飬˵ȥҧˣҶײûзֻһ˶ʮֻܹ֮ʱԼ뷨ԼĿ⿴Ǹ͵棬ͿһͨߺǾƯˮУȴͣɢһɹصֻܹоȴ޷ֱǵʲô
ѵǾ˵Ҷ˸о֮־ϸ۲߸ı仯𽥵ͷųȥһ㾹ȻԶ˹Ȼڣȴӣ㻹кڿߵʱҲЩԥվΧ
ʱҶе۳һ͸㹳Ҷһ۳㹳Ҳһ۳ʧˣڵʱ䶼ûҶ۳㹳ʱ䳤ؼ֮һ㾹ȻʼΧһһһ㹳ʼת
һʱ֮һںԥҧ㹳΢΢һק㹳Ȼһקקһ£ϧ㹳ǿ̫С㹻Ҳûп֧塣
ǲûзһεֻһ΢Ծˮ棬һصеʱһ㹳ٴ۳ǵһ㾹Ȼٱһ߸ק
ק˶ʮΣǽһӺе˿ֻмʱ䣬ͨĵҲûʲôͬǵҶᣬٴϸ۲ʱŷе֮
û뵽ֻǵһҪôŵҪѧϰĶ̫ˣҶ׿ٴεһ㣬ԼӰӶûУҲ΢Щ
ҶȻܹоǵΪܹǵΪõԼǽԼͨһɢȥ͸ӵˣⲢҶ׻
ˡҶ΢䵽һ棬оͿʼ΢΢𶯣ƺΪעʱҪӣҶ׸ܵ͵ı仯ϽԼ˻֪ԭͷҲô׵顣
Ҷ׳ʮζʧˣЦЦҶ׵Ժ˵СһνʤֻҪͷųȥ㹻ǿȻ㹻ֻǿΪֻ֮ķӦֻʵ䷴ģ
ŶҶ׻û뵽ôһ˵˵ĻԭģҶûԥٴ𽻸İ취
ȻһγԾҪ֮ǰĳЧҪ˺ܶ࣬Ȼûгɹһ㣬벻ͲĪˡ
ӦνԼͷųȥˣѾȷԼֳȷҶױ㿪ʼŽԼĳɹ𽥽Լ͵Զĵط
Ҷ׽Լͳȥʱ򣬺ˮ֮ҲһЩ΢зҶ׻Ǻ⣬ʱҶ׸оЩˡ
ΪٴηӳʱԼѾһİ統ˡ
˭Ҷ׿ԼΧ𽥵ʧڻΧľ󶼱һƬģİɫʶҲǱ𽥵ģԼ˭Ѿ֪ˡ
ʱһõ׳Ҷ׵ǰ


پʮ ǹǱ
˭˭˭õҶ׼Ϊãʵһһ󣬺ҪԼɤӸһ
ǰȴʼûзӦһֱҶ׺˻ߣõײŻ˵ɱһ
ɱһ
Ҷ׵Ժ治ͣĻصþòܹƽϢͬʱȴһֲͬ龰
ţû뵽ͯô᫣ųɳҲйһЩ֮ǰĻȷʵһЩˣҶû뵽ǣǵǰȻһ޴ˮϣϵ澹ȻСľֻ־ȻͯЩƣǴ˿ȴǱһصŤıɵһˣֻڵݼǿ©
ˣǲǿˣǵĻߵĻ̽ʵ
ӦÿˣҵǸٽӴһʱ䣬оͻһҪҵͻȱ޼ԺǾҵһˣһ뵽ԼһǵϾͶһ˿Цݡ
ͬʱΪҶ׺ǸܹõĽˣԱߵǻҲˣ֮ϾֻʣҶ׺ͼˡ
Ѿʱ䣬Ҷ׻ûеһ㣬ǻûаĲá
˿Ҷ͵ĴһսܿӰ״̬ѹʱŷԼѾôһҹˡٴοǵʱԭı龹Ȼһ˿Եĸ̾ˣϲѾͨ˿飬ӴԺѾ֮һˡ
ʲôղǸǿ飿ܣԲǣҶ֪Լĺľͬһ϶ǷʲôҲƵ飬ѵǸ߸ĹǸʲôأ
Ҷһ뵽͸оԼЩͷ󣬱ԲȥЩ£˳ˮ۵鰴õķչȻѾԼôԼԺļƻܹ˳ִˡ
Ҷ׻Ҫ˵ʲôʱٴ˵ˣֻ˵ĻҶζû뵽ȱҿôƺ㣬Ҳ㻹ֻ֣㿿ǵĿƺֻҪ֮ô򵥰ɣ
Ҷû뵽ǰ˵ȻôֱӣԷôһ˵ҶԼҲЩסˡ
ЦЦν˵㲻£ԭǸǵѾ뿪ˣҲصʲôҵѾ֪ҾͲýˡ
ں̯ƾҪȥһΣһɱƻǳΣգġǲҶ׾ܾͰԼеһ뷨˵˳кܶطǺҶײıϡ
ҶҲ֪⾿ǲ̽ԼֶΣǰʼն˳ȵı飬뵽ǸǰڳһɱڵӣҶ׵ãҲһΣҵļƻġ
ֻǼ򵥵Ĺͨһ£γһּΪĬУܿҶ׾ֿʼƴϰԼĴˡ
ͨ
֮Ҷܹһˣ˺Ҷ׵ļԽԽȻǱȲǣҲһʼôˡ
ֹ˼죬ڽԼеͷҶ˵⼸ϢĲˣһںҪٳˣڳȥʰʰһȥĸۡɣ
˵꣬Ǳ㽫Լԥ罻ǻʣǻʵԽԽԶһֱʧҶ׵ߵС
û뵽ô죬һҪһˣǲ֪ҾܹɱǻʾߣҶҲԼʰãصԼԺ䵱С
ҶһصԼԺǰ㿴ŮѾż޴ĽɫԲѾЩɫԲ֮ϰż׼ΪķΣȻרΪҶ׸׼õġ
û뵽ҵĵλԽԽˣҶߵЩǰֻǻ˻ֱ㽫ǽ˽ȥһ뵽Լ棬ЩŮְ˽ŵĽԼ׸ѵôһҪҶ׵
ΪЩŮѵ֮ϴŵĶ͸˿£ЩŮÿһĶǹɫ㣬ĸͻ̣͸һζļһڷҶ׵ǰ嵱ר˵Ҳ΢һЩӦ
ҶƵǣЩŮһ뵽Ҷ׵Ҿְ˽ŵİҶϵ·ҶϴŵΪҲûзŹŪҶϵıҲһŤΣҶ˵ξȣЩŮǱĹЦܿһͰˮ˽
һԡ֮ҶֱЩŮΪķʽ·һҶѾ΢ЩӦѹ֮ЩŮ̵ĸоˣҶܹоֻҪԼҪһŮͿԾ͵ԸĻеŮãֻ뷨ֻԺһžҲûгֹˡ
һж׼֮Ҷ˾ǰʼһµԼʱ֪˿װ𿿽װ仰˼˵ǰŵ·ѾǷǳĻôŵһ·ѾܹþΪˣǸ·ЩŮԼĿⶼѾǴųĽΪҶ׵ݣѾҶ׸˵ˡ
ӻЩͼ˻簡Ҷ׻һټֵʮö·һΪŵҲͻȻЩǮķǳֵãȻһ׷װֻͼֵΪͽ׵ıﶼ㣬Ҳûʹ
Ҷ׻÷װ֮󣬱ԼԺ棬һޱȺѾˣϳ֮㿴ѾЦеĵԼˡ
Сʧû᳤˾õˣҶһǱϻ̳Ͽֵ˵ȻҶֻϷǵҲǼΪõġ
޷ֻҪܹε֮ϸҳϷٶһʱҲֵˣ߰ɣҶ֮ǵһȣ뿪Ҷ׵Ժ䳯Ǹۡ㱼۶ȥ
һӵʱ䣬һޱȾ޴ĸۡǰ
˵һۡһ޴ĳǱһǱһ㣬һСɽȫһһܲ͸ĸо
ֻ帮ۡһ㳡֮ͣ˱̴ӵ֮±ĸۡС
ѾΣѾȽϤˣҶ׻ǵһԽ뵽㱻һ޴ĳǱˣû뵽һǱڲȻܹװεͬǿһĺݳޡ


پʮ Ҷã
ǻ᳤û뵽ôʧԶӭǴҶ״ᵱеʱΧһЩ̻Ļ᳤ˢˢ˹׷׸̸
ҶȻҲߵĺˣȦ֪Ȼ̫ˣͷĵҩٻ˹ĿҶҲںЩƵ޴ĵõżƷһЩµĸ㣬żȥƷһЩѵĲȣһЩڸСصȻҲŹˡ
ʱһЩŹŹֵĴ̻ĹүҶһ˱ǰ֡
Ҫ֪ܹϯֳϵҪôһЩ̻Ļ᳤ͷ죬ҪôһЩĹүֻῤȦӱͲЩ˱˴֮㲻ʶҲһЩӡ󣬿ȴûпҶףһбҪк
ģ˴һСҶ׵ǰһλ͵Ц˵ֵܣôǵһμɣǿῤҵˣҴΰҼλῤҵ죬λǽıã
ǿһ˵ղסһ˵һףߵ˶Щᷳˣ̲סֱ˯ΨҶϵıʼǲ䲻ȣ˭Ҳ֪﾿ʲôǿ˵֮ҶײЦЦ˵û뵽ܹʶλС㣬ҵҡ
ЩΪҶǵſ϶ԼļٺǴһƬû뵽Ҷ׾Ȼ䲻ȵ˵һ仰ߵһ߿ʼеĳŶʱĸЩ²̨ˡ
磬ô죬ôӣѵҪֺǿΰɫԽԽѿϽǰĵ
ߣҴûм̻Ļ᳤ЩѣһǰҹȻŪǣߺߡΰ뵽ϱ¶һı飬һԵĽΰҲһĻЦֻнΰıʼһĿҶ׵ıӰƺǷĳֲ֢֮
Ѿͬ飬ԣһ񶾵ıƻ֮̾Ͳ
ҶѾ⼸Щͼı죬Ҳû̫ᣬϾһǳ²һģƽϵĻ¾ЩԲˡ
ҶѾ⼸幫үԵʱȻ˼ˣһȻȺ֮Ϊۣĵϵˮ
ˮҸղſһİףܲȺӣǼҪǰкҲһʢ֪˵ʲô˵ʲô嶼޹أֻӦѣ˵˹֣ǿС˵ģֻҪһ˵Ǿϲ
ǿĻˮֻ΢üͷ˿ԶҶױû˵ʲôܹĳҶϴŵһ·Ҳʮöļ۸񣬾ҪһڵķװҲǼΪʹģɱǰԲôԵϸھȻûпĳǵԴǱ¿ˡ
ˮ˵ʲôһͽվԼǰ۰Ͱ͵ĿԼˮֻܹɿȼ˵һעĶῤǵķչԸŹһЩܹ뵽ҲǿˣֻҪܹῤ飬ЩҲͲʲôˡ
λ˵˵ĻԲأ
˵ˮߵЩȻǸˮվһսϣǿΰҲòǾʱһϷԵһĻǵǰ
ˮУҶ׾ȻһŮһ𣬡磡
һŮȻҶʮǢˮԭƽıʱŤ
ŶǾͻȱǻ̻Ļ᳤һﰡΪ峤ŮҲ飬ߵ˵ĿⶼܹߵĻᣬû뵽һͿһȤˣ˾Ȼ޳ܵĸԣҪǰ˾ȻһֱǳĻȱ
˵ȱԻȱڰٻľӪֶμֱͶأͲһҪҶΪʦˣǽԼеһЩ쳣ĳ嶯ԭΪһӶܼ棬һЩ˵Щˡ
ŶʶңҶ΢һ̧ͷͿһޱ崿ףǶƮһѩֺǺҹյеһ£޷µͷ˵ҲΪκ˶ôŮУҶȻҲ⡣
ȻҶģ仰Ůģû뵽ǰ˾Ȼ֪˭ͺָܿȻԷ֪Լ˭ô˵ҲûôԼԺúõˣ磬ܸʶ㣬Ȼ㲻ʶңһֱǷǳĽĴأ
ǲΪٻ飿һ˵Ҷױ֪Էϴ뷨ȻԷ֪ȱô԰ٻȤҲǺȻˣҲʮ̹Ȼ˵
ţò˵ڰٻ۲õķǳɹȻҲЩСǺС׼ˡ
ҲҶ˵ԽԽͶʱˮϵıҲԽԽҶ׼ƽʲôҶ׾ȻԼеŮ˽뿪ĵģѾӳ͵ĵߣѾȳ޵ĵزˡ
Ļ쵰ߣǹȥʲôͷˮ̲סˣ˵Ĵӵ֮£޼Ҷ׵ǰ
ãȱӣĵôģʲôˣ˵ôҲһ֣̽̽ˮһͰڳޱϵ̬ȡ
ˮϵЦݾֶһЩȻϲˮǶ嵱л㲻ţҲУЩͣԷȻʮֿĵ˵Һȱղһ¾̵Ļ⣬ҶһЩ۵ǳͬⲻĵĿģǾ͹ˡ
ˣˮ磬һ׼ȥطιһ£ǾİɣòݺԼĽһ죬ôܱ˴ţˮʱѾд㽫Ҷ״ˣҪߣˮѾˡϽҶ׸˵ãλֵܵһǼᣬ϶ûʲôѣǴһߣȻһ˺һɺͳ


پʮ Ѫ
ҡû뵽ԼȻˮһ˵ƿԣô˵ȷʵûκ⣬ϾͬˣĴС㣬ǰ˾ô֮ĹϵҲǸʶͨϵ鴫ȥпܻԼӰ죬һʱҲǲ֪˵ʲôˡ
΢ЩȵӣҶνЦЦ˵ȻǾˣ
ǺǣŶãǴλߣȻȥطˮҶ׵ִ֮Ҳﲻͣ˼Żȱ˾ʲôͷ
ȥҲֻڱ͵ҵ֣˵Ǻһ߽ģѵĿ᳤̻һ뵽ˮһЩյ뷨ȱֵܣ˵̻̻Уһĺܴ˰ɣ̻ҲҪһЩȣһҲмĴ룬ôûȤ
ˮ֮£һ˵һ棬ǰһԲεƽ̨ƽ̨֮һʦʦŸһЩСչʾ̻²Ʒ
һöջǲȻˮ죬һչЧڵ׼ʮÿμӼ۲𣬿ʼʦôԲ֮Ϻݺݵһ£˱㿪ʼ
ҳʮ𣡡
ҳʮ𣡡
һкҶҲЩˮһĻʱȴǼΪ⣬ΪЩĽ
ȱֵ֣ˣȻѣȻҪһһѹΣʱ㿴˾֪ʵˣȻһ꼸벻࣬Ҳˣˮû뵽ôͰҶ˵ֻҪ̽̽Ҷ׵ĵϸѡ
ãȻˮô˵ˣƷʲôҶΪģ˭Ҿûʲô˼ˣҶ׿ЩĶ棬һŰӣĵ˵
ʲôǻᾺ㣬Ǿͱȱȿˣΰֵ˵
ǰһ㲻ҪûǮȥѿӶˮһӴȤ˵
ˮΪҶ׿϶ĸĵӣôһ˽ȴҶײһݸѣѾΪҶ֮Ūôһ׼·Ϊ˹ԼãƫƫԼԲеûʵһ룬ҶƭͨǽУѾҵóʮöôһ·ѵǮ
СӣΪܹÿľͿŮǳ룬һҾÿȻЩˮȻ˵ԼҪһѹϸҶһɫ֪ʲôʵ
ȻʱͽеβһΪ貵γ˵ʵֵĵУȻλһ첼ڸţĹâѾƺ첼ڸչ˵ߵУʦ첼ҿһƬ۵Ĺâһ֮ų
ʦ㽫һ˽ܵνǧⷢ˵εʵﵽ۷壬Ϳһǧâʲôطޱȵ⣬ʱùâɣϵʱ򣬸ܹչԡٶٴ
֮⣬һС
ʦǧ֮ⷢ󣬱˵ڳŮˣҶҲ̲סҪǧⷢȥˡ
ڿʼļ۸öÿμӼ۲һöڿʼʦݺݵĽԼеĴԲϣ溰۵㿪ʼ˷
ö񣡡
ö񣡡
ö񡭡
ʮö񣡡
ʮö񣡡
ʮö񣡡
ʮö񡭡
ʮö񣡡Ϊһöεļ۸òɿʱվߵˮͻȻѼ۸ֱȻĺ
һӣ˶Ŀ⿴ˮܵ˵ĿˮʮĶ˻˻֣Ƿһӡ
Ȼ۸һʱ˵ѹȥˮԼҲǱ˼㣬ΪֱӽҶ޲ڽ»ҧ˳
Ҫ֪ʮöİڳ𣬾Ҷڰٻ˾޴ҲµˣˮǶҶòô񣬷ԳĻҶС̻ҵ˵лᡣ
ˮǾԲ鷢ǰģԵǮʱҲǽĿ⿴磬û뵽Ǵ˿ڴĿ⿴ҶףͺҶеİһ
ʲôõģҪ㣡ԼþȻҶ¶ĽˮɱҶ׵˼ˣ
ȱ֣ôҪҪһأҶױӵ˼㣬ǷǳģǾͻġ
Ȼ˵ˣҾͳʮöɣҶô֪ܲˮڴѹԼ¾ûˡ
ֻҶһۣʱѾߵˮЩܲסˣҪ֪ڵֻʮö񣬾ģΪŪ磬ŲѪأû뵽Ҷ׾ȻɵĸˣˮЩ޷ܣѾʼҶˣôһĳªʱ¶ţȱ㲻һС̻Ļ᳤ôô񣬲տ˵׻ɣ
ǰˮүǰҲ˴ԲѣǹûģȰ㻹ǸϽʧɣվˮЩȻ֪ʱӦ˵ʲôϾǸһЩʵûб£壬Щ˼ֱһ
Ǻǣˮ֣ô֪һĳûЩأ㿴ʲô˵Ҷ׽һڴ˳÷ʮö
һЩˮʱɵˣ翴Ҷֺԭһ˿ԥʧӰ٣ҳʮö񣡡
һˮѪˣͲҶ׻ܹߵļ۸
ǾĻ˵ûãҶױЦЦ˵ˮ֣֪ôʵǳҵĿģΪǮȻ⣬һǾôƯλȸñȽϺãһӼ۵ģ˵ǲǰã
Ҷױǳˮ˵ģԱ˫ֱðСģͲ˵Ҷ׻ˣǽһֱˮʱҶҲٴγۡ


پʮ 㹻ʸҵĵ
ʮö񣡡Ҷ׳ֵʱˮɫҲ仯˼£û뵽Ҷ׳ļ۸Ȼ߳˲٣һ·ˡ
λĶңڱصãˮԭӦԼȻҶ׵Уʱһ޷ץ񣬾ֳ嶯ѰѼ۸ٴʮö񣡡
һˮЩˡ
ˮʹ飬Ҷٴκʮö񣡡
˵Ҷ׽ڴ̴ӿˮҲǺò״յʮö񣬿Ǽˣ޷Ҷ׵ļ۸
ʮö񣡡ˮѻ˵ʱɤѾһѪˣû뵽ԼȻҶױƵ̶ֳˣˣⱲΪ϶ʲôˡ
磬ǺαأϾһˣˮҶױƵֵزҲǺܺܣͬʱҲ˵Ҷ׵ǿ֮
ˮг۸Ҷ׺ԥֺȥ˵ˣһǽһöøɣϾҲֻʮöֻԭֻʮöķ㳴ʮö׬˲Ǯأ
ۡҶ׺Ļ˵գһ˵ֱӾͽˮڵѪûվֱӵ˵ϡ
ϴû°ɡЩСһվˮ߶ݺݵĿҶףͺһжΪŻˡ
Ҷĵҡҡͷ˵ˮ֣û뵽㾹ȻôԸѪҲҪĳ
˵Ǳ˱Ҷ϶ҪȥƴˮҪͨǿһЩڶมֵڵҲϵˣҶôһ˵ˮֻЦһЦ˵֣ϣˣôǽдСȥط߰ɣ
ˮӿڴȡһɫֱӽϵѪøɾִҶ׳طȥ
ܿǾһ޴̨ǰ棬̨֮кܶĵڱԣǳĻңǿ߻򶷵ؼʱ̣һЩĵӾȻʼ̨֮һЩƲʴһĶܹЩʴߴ·ֱͬӦЩ֧ʴɫߵˮŻͣ
ȱ֣ղȷʵķڷܹλãûʲô̫ı϶ǳԿĸŮģôһкǿʵˣһֻ̨Ҫ㽫ϢͷųҾͿԸһʵ൱Ķ֣ܹӮˣòģʲô鶼ƾһңһ㵽ףôˮղűҶ׻ѾѪȴȻģҪԼĵطʵ;ѣֵġ
͵Ҷ׵ĻشˣȻˮߵҲƵĿ⿴ҶףǶڵȴҶ׵Ļش
ǺǣȻôңȻԸˣҶ׸ոյ鱨ҿһ޴ıʼйϵܹõˮƣټĹϵԺ͸ˣҶ׵ҲǺԥĽԼǿ۷ʵͷų
۷ǿߣЩ˶ſҶЦû뵽Ҷ׵ʵȻô죬ҲˣЩ˿Ҷʵ֮󣬶Ҷ׵ıҲʧ˴룬ЩѾҶײһЩݣ˶ļɻ䣬ôǿʵֻ̻Ļ᳤ǰ;Ҳǲģ翴Ҷ׵ĿһЩŮĻ黳
Ҷ׶̬Ҳ֣Ҳû̫ע⣬ˮǲģҶ׽Լʵױ¶֮ҲǺܿ͸Ҷҵһ֡
壬ҶףҸһĶ֣ϣܹĿģҶ׽Լʵչ¶֮ˮҲûãҵһڵӸҶ׵֡
Ҷײɽˮȣȫµƾͺһһðɭɭаһͺ񱻶߶һĿ¡
һ־ͰԼĿⶢҶף¶һ˿мЦݶˮ˵˾ҽܵǲһ֪ܹҵ¾ּܼغأ
ŵı飬վߵˮҲǶһЩ⣬Ҷռ˶ٱˣֻҪ嶼ǿԽЩĶȫһһģһ뵽ˮϱһЩ棬ȱ֣Ӷִйʮôң͵ҵǸԺֻҪ߾ˣ
ˮĻߵ⼸ϾֶһЩ⣬ǸоҶһοҪˡ˵ĿⶼҶף籾ҪҶһ̨£뿪뻹ǷԼ뷨ܹоҶ˿϶ǲġ
ãҽˣҲܹװ׵İƸңϾԺҾϴҲҪһЩǶʮӮˣЩ͹㣬ôΪҶ׻ܾᱩ׵Լӣ˭֪Ȼ˵ôһʵˮ͵һ㶣ĳЩ˱仯һ̲Լȷʵ͹Ҷ׵ء
ҶΪ˱ʾԼĳ⣬һװŶʮöĿڴУһ̨֮ȥ
ǺǣȻЩЩ˼Ҷ׻ЩмǿҶЩٶ֪Ҷ׵ıԶԶԤϣþǰС䣬ҲҪһЩ
壬γûбҪˣ˺ܻܿģҶһ̨֮ϱ㽫Լĳ¶һʵļ⣬ϵЩʮԺ˲ֺͬʯһļӲо֮ϻдƬƬ˰̣Щ˰һ飬ͺһŵͼһ忴Ҷϵ˰ҲǾõһ
ˣò˵ȷʵһǿĵ֣忴Ҷϵ˰֮Ҳ𽥸оԼΣУԾҲԼ֮ϵıҲǱ
þûпôˣˮҪѵһҶףû뵽徹ȻһҶ׵̬ٴηת䡭


پʮ ƴ
ְɣվ̨֮ϣһһȫıֱһãҶ׵ͷʱԭʱͬһһҶס
ಡһһٶԽԽ죬ͺһգ۵ĹܹҶ׵䴩һͬʱֱֳСҲǳ֮ϡ
ৡһӣӰͳҶ׵ǰеСҲǻһֽҶ׸ֽȥ˲ҶױоԼǰ˴ƬɫĹâ
ãԶԷǿƣҶҲʾԷһֱѸײڶ֮ƳԼɱ˹ҶҲǽԼڴѪȡ˳һѪŨŨѪɫâҶ׳ֵһҲǻƬĺ⳯кȥ
һǿ̨֮ϺݺݵײȻǳݿ񱩣ǱҶ׵ҪһЩ׺ݹУҶ׾Ȼݺݵı˳ȥǱǿƵĴӵ֮Ծ
ڴ˿̣һĽ֮͸һǽڽٵ˵嵥͵ǽ֮ϺݺݵһţҲͬһɼһҶ׺˵ķһٶȸ죬Ӧǳ˵Ԥϡ
Ҷû뵽Ȼֻб۷ʵķӦٶȴѾԶԶĳԼɶԷôĻԷһֱôԿƿ죬ͻԽԽΣգȻ֮ҲķѴܹҶֻ֪һٷ֮һĿܣһֶ˵ǻԵĴԾٵĳʱҶ׵֮Ҳǳ˴ƬâһֱѪɫķзȥ
ƣû뵽Ҷ׾Ȼʹ¶һ˿мЦݣһֻѪɫķȻС֮лƬѪɫȻֻһѪɫ˿߲ϣһӿ΢һ㶣ȫһѪɫųױɢɾʱҶѾ׼
Ҷ˫͵ĵأ΢һĹ徹Ȼͬһɽһ壬һڰ֮кݺݵĶƴһ¡
ˡһȻױը̨Χ˶ǴҡҡλΣսĵҶ׺嶼ⱬըĳŴƬͬƬһ˺ȻƴŽⲫ
ֱǿ֮ȻƴĶƴһ̨֮ϲ˸ֽײʱֻϰٸģӰԼǰζһֱޱˮĴҲǼΪġ
ʱ˫ֵСȻ֪չ澹ȻһЩĵĻ⣬ҶΧ¶Ҳ½֮࣬ϵĺҲǽһ㣬˶ⳡ漫Ϊ죬ͬ뵽˾ĵһ
ֻ̨֮ϵȴȫûָоȫɫͬǣȫǱѪɫĻţǶԷɫʮֵĿ£ҲǺѶɰӰ졣
Ǽսг˲ϰٸʱ䣬Щиˣ͵ĽеСϲһ𣬾ȻγһޱȷĳɫâйǷĳȻһɫĹâݺݵҶס
ৡһӣɫĹâȻҶ׵ͷһֻҪҶ׵塣
һ̣ȫҲԵøŤŵ˫ָԵð׹ɭɭͺ֮ȫѪⶼɫĻ泹ڻһˣһɣ
ءһ̨֮֮ϾȻһһ˺ѷεĿһ̨Χ˶оһЩС߲˫ȷֱ˵֮ϡ
Ǵ˿̵ˮȴ˼Ѫһ̨֮ϵҶ׺壬ȻһЩϣҶܹӮⳡԵĸоˡ
ܹô˽ѣٱȺʮﶼҪǿ˼ҵսˮе뷨ӵļᶨˣѾԺӦôҶ״ùϵΪҶ׵ŮҲϧ
ӰɣǶѾ˵ҶǰʱһĿбȳһȣɫĹӰҲܵ˴̼Ȼʵ˼֣һӾͱһŴҶ׸
ɢն
ԶԷǿƽҶͻȻоˣԷӦúԼһԼľ磬Ӧǰ벽ʥߣ˻ǰһҶҲ֣Լȫʵ
𡱵һҶ׵յʱһѪɫѪ֮бȥһѪȻͷ󣬵ȴ˫۾һֱڻԾǶͬʱҶ׽ѪһֻҲں棬׼ʱ֣һ
ۡѪĸͷСһҧ˶ϣֱӽһ˺ͬʱһֻٴο޺һѪ
ԼĶƣҲûκξţǽ˫ڻ֮УȻֻצҶ׵塣
ˢˢ
˫ֵĻ裬צһ޴ʮһҶȥҶ״˿Ҳ˫ֽѪӭǾ޴ɫʮֺݺײһѪɫεâ
ɢһΣҶû׼ٸᣬ˴Ѫ˫צݺݵײһ֮Ҷ׵һһѪ֮ٴɳȥ
û뵽Ҷ֮䶼Ѿƴ̶ֳȾȻܹʱһľĸо
顱һһѪֱ˵ϣҲƴֿѪ͵ŴڻǽϵһѪ˺Ҷ˫ֽյѪâ֮£ͬߵķһݺݵıҵ̨֮ϡ
䡱һ̨֮ϾȻһİۣ沿ŤһѪһζƴУҶȻҲΪյƴԷ࣬һЩѪ˵ռ˺ܴıˡ
Ҳ֪ԷƵӶս鼫ķḻһԷᣬз̵ĿܣڶԷ޴ƵʱҶҲǺԥıȥһ׼ĲҪǶ׼ĸҪ峹Ʒǽɱ
Ҷ׵ٶȺô֪ܲҶ״˿̵뷨ҪƴһƴڶԷϣ廹ԥһ£弫ΪŵŤһ£ȻԱ˹ȥһ¾̨Ȼ˵£ˣ
ͱƴɣһȻˡ


پʮ ҵϴ
ˣ徹ȻҶ״ˣѪģӣˮһʱҲ֪˵ʲôܿҶҲǴ̨֮ʱҲѾԼֹѪֻǼʱ䣬ϵ˿ھѾϣֶεˡ
ūˣ𷣣ȻĸԸϾˮˣһ³ˮ߸ˮϴ
ˮ˿Ҷף̾˿˵壬֪ǱĸһȱһţҲ㣬οжʮöأ
˵ˮľͰǶʮöװԼĿڴ棬ĩҲĸԸĽԼƽҶףҶ׵˵ͷˣˮ׼ߣͨҪ˵ʲôȴʼ˵ڡ
˺ܳʱ˵ȱϴϣķڷԺʲôֻҪҵңСܰ쵽ģҶ߾ܵģ
һӣˮĻʱҶ׵۷ҲΪֿˮȷʵķڷ֮ҲǶҶײһµӡ
ҶԭΪˮֻһӣڿȷʵЩȡ֮Ц˵ȻˣôҾˣģȻԺһ죬ҿ϶Կģ߰ɣ
ǰҶ׺ˮһߣˮЩ涼ҪҶ׳ˣһԹ죬ŭĿҶףھˮôһڣ˾ȻԼҶΪˣǰҶ׵ԼһӿĶ󣬵ȻֻһԸ뷨
һԭҪҶʦʮ˶Ҷ׵үͬһҶ״ӵġ
ʱ򣬲Զһöˮ˾Ͻ˿Ҷ˵ǼүӵٳԻкܶĲƷϴܹԼϲĶߣһȥһλãùʮˣ
ˮѾҶͶأʲôֺҶףҶҲܣڵ˵ƴǲǼ⡣
ԶǿҶ׵ı֣¶һ˿οЦݣû뵽Ҷ׽ֻô̵ʱͺῤô׽СӽֻҪ϶дϢġ
ôģȻΧ죬ûһ
ʱҶҲѾ߽Ǹ޴İ棬ڰĶ̨ʱܶ˶Ѿ˰䣬˵֮ھûͨλһרΪ˽˷ĳ
˶Ѿ뵽Եİ֮һ벽߻ߵ̨֮Ͽʼı
һƷǼڳΪߵһзֵһǳأϿֻһͨǵ֮ȴﾹȻԱ󣬱һ˵벽߱㽫ԼȥͷŵƱһıﾹȻı󣬱һƱһı벽վ棬ÿ
ڰ벽ߴⱦָ֮ԭȵĴС벽еʱѾһˡ
ܹ벽ϵľǿʹãҪ׷þͱҪﵽߴɣԸλ֮ǰҪˡЩᣬÿһ֮ǰǳ򵥶Ҫ˵ÿһص㣬еȱҲֲֻᣬȴȫ෴ƺⳡֻһ̵չʾһ
벽߽๦Чȫ˵֮󣬿ʼˣĵ׼ʮöÿμӼʮö񣡡
ҶױĴ㣬һ۸ԭһЩС˼ʱͱסˡ
Ҫ֪һʮöĶܹϰöʮö񣬻ǰ벽ϵľǿ߲ܹõģ¿ڴҳȥҲõġ
Ȼڶ峤᳤̻£һֱİö񣬽һ۸񶼳ö񣬸Ҷܹѵģֻܹ۰Ͱ͵ĿЩϡŹֵıﱻһЩʶʵϲʶ˸ˡ
ϴʲôʱҲܹЩһһ־ϰö񰡣һôˣˮЩĽ˵ڵڴиһʮö񶼾̤ʵϧһöһЩͨ˵һӶ׬ģǶһһ˵ѾʲôˣοһλֺڵĻᣬǬҲòһЩӣҲûлһ档
뿪İ֮Ҷˮһ֮󣬱ǻصҵĸۡУܻȥ·һ仰û˵Ҷ׻ܹǵпһЩȻ֪ǾʲôݣܹоǵʵѾǰ벽ˡ
صҸۡҶױ㱻ͻصԼԺ棬йȥ죬ѾǩһԼԸöļ۸нٻȨȡߣǻָ̻ᴿһɵġ
ǵţҶ׻ǺģϾû뵽һֱῤǣֻҪʱõͿԽǸɱ֮ززˡ
Ȼڵ죬Ҷ׾ȻֵõһκͼٵǵӴĻᣬƺҲǾ쵽ʲôȻǻͬƽһںߵ㣬ҶܹоʲôҪ˵ˡ
ˣѾǳױչˣûļӣж͸һЩҪľǽһֱǵǻʸɱʱֻҪǻʵģͿ뵽ǵҵУǻһ㶨ģ˵ʱʮ㣬˿
Ҷ׻Ҫ˵ʲôʱ󵭵˵ҲҵģǶҷǳвǱҲ뿪ˣʣµľͿԼ취ˣȻǻʾߣǵΣնһ֮ϣǻл棡
˵ֿ꣬ʼװģĿʼ֮ǰǸӾͺһĶһʵ˵ĻȫûаĹϵ
һĴҶ׺ǷֿҲǻصԼסУصԼʱͷԼλ澹Ȼһ鼫ΪͨʯͷֻһͨʱҶײ۾ȥƾ֪ȥоȫһʯͷĴڣһҶײſʼһʯͷ
Ҫ֪һߵΪﵽһ̶ȣĸ֪ͻ᲻ϵﵽ鵤


پʮ 
վ֣ΪǿǴӹԪʼ
֮Ϊģһ־ֻҪĶ˲ǻˣľڶ־Ԫ֮Ϊһ壬ֻһЩܹϲУͱıʯ龧ʯһЩҲУһ־ֶҪġ
ڹԪ֮ǰ߾ǽؼԪΪԼڵԪҲǿתΪģֻԪƷֻ̫ͣҪһЩѣԪĸԪʱ˸ǿĹ
鵤ѾԪ鵤ҲܹӦ֮õٴӣ˱񾳾ǽ壬ʱѾʼߣҲνʿҲǰ֮ˡ
嵱ı仯Щʿγɵĸ֪Ȼͻ֮ǿÿһǿ֮һǴﵽ񾳵ʱ򣬾Ǳǿÿһë׶ԸΧоڵһЩʵǵ۾Ѿǵȫ˵޴ˡ
ʵǿıǿߣԽԼԲǧ֮һŴ·֪Ҳ˵ֻҪҶ׽뵽ס¥ܹ¥һˣǾôһͨСʯȴȫӦ˵һСʯźܴͷˡ
ҶûȥСʯ飬ܹһЩŹֵĻƣһΪС͵󷨣Ҷ׽һСʯеʱ͸оһѾСʯ鵱н뵽Ժ档
ԺǸǵѾǰˣˣСʯǴӹϵģʵûз֣ԭζͲܱײʵǿ߶Լĸ֪ţ͸ע⵽Щϸڣ㿴һСʯ飬ܹ˵Ļ
ôһǽоҪҪǻʵһЩϸڣԼ뵽ҵһЩҪϢǵıǳ࣬Ҷ׵Ҳǽ࡭
ʱ䣬ǺҶװָʾῤǸһɽһЩ쳣ԭͨĿɽ쳣龧ʯҲҪԳһȴΪһЩڿ֮зһСǿɴЦˡ
˵ֻһĻֻҪнͿˣʱڽ񿪲ɳٽǬãһĿĻ±˵ҪǬĸǬҲһģǲŻȵ鿴ʵ
һγΣǻȻǰңҶҲǵ棬֮⣬߰˸۷ǿ߸棬һ·̾һ
᳤ݵСʧԶӭǵ˿أǿ߸Ͻǰӭ˳Щǿ߸ЩΪԼǰߺǻҪģūһ˵ġ
ǴԼɷµĿ˿ΧڵϵЩǿߣЦЦ˵û뵽ĿȻʮǰʱҪƾɵģЩ󱲽һôԼڴ˰ɣ
ңҡڵϵĿͷĿ˵Լ£ʱĹڵϲͣҶҶһվ㳯ſȥҶҲǴӺȥ
Ǻûн˼ͷĿȻıĸҶ׵ĺ棬ֳЩСͷĿ˼۾ЩСͷĿϽȥɻˡ
Ϊ֮ǰԿٻ֪һЩģûпͷĿںҲܹҵڡ
һ·ǿƨһĿͷĿɫһʱߵҪΪ˵飬һʱ֮ڽеĿɾҪǷһͿ󹤶Ҫˣ
˵ʵͷĿǵĻֱ̫ˣȻǵĶҲжţվǰʩ⻹ǵһΣټ֮ǰͷĿʱŸټǰѾ׼һʱ䣬ͷĿѾе鴦ϣ˵еĿ󹤣ҲǼһɶġ
ˣһûҵκҲȥ˵ǵһͷ㳯ſ֮ȥҶһҲȥһߣޱӣ˿﾿ôġ
ȱῤǵĹϽܹڵĺã˵ңһҲмʮö룬ɵĺãһöˣεһҪõģԺ̻ᣬĻỹĺܣǿŸԼߵҶЩĳĿ˵
Ҷ׵˵㣬߽˿ȻǲǵһѾʮǰʱȫһˣǸʱһŸոտɣ龧ʯģ龧ʯϲѾԽԽˣһֱŻῴһЩҪɵƷʸҪ龧ʯҪ뵽ĵˣǵ׵λʢ
Ƕ۲ķǳϸҶҲպ«ưֻǻһֱ˵ĺ治֪ʲôܿİٶ׵ĵλͣĿѾһͨ龧ʯɵĳ̶ȴǳͣվܵʲôһֱץ򸽽ʯҶ׾ͿЩԪ󹤱Ҫ⹤߲ܹһƿʯֱӱһץˣ¶һСʯĺۼ
ȱ㿴һʯƷʣ˵ţǽһСʯҶףҶ׽ʯ΢һЩȻƷʲǺܺãҲṩǿˣʯʯеĻǻʼĻߡ
˵ﵽǻʾ֮ǻʾߵʵҪ;ʯǸʱʯһǻ˵Ǯһˣһ˵һ½ǻʾ߳дͼĻϵʯѵĲʮöʣµö¶ǻʾȹǻʾСɣ⻹һص֣ɼһһ벽ҪΪĻҪѶĴ۲ܹġ
᳤һʯƷʲǺܺã²񣬵ṩһЩǻʾǿģҶ״ſ˿һȽĽۡ
ǽһʯ˵ͷ˵˵Ĳߣиľϲ


پʮ Ͷ
߰ɣߣ˵ܹҵһЩƷʸõʯʯֻǻûпԭ󣬵ĹʯΪһֿɳΪǳ׼ƬƬ֮ϵ̱׼֮ЩȻͱɳƷ½ĹշǳͳһѾԵͨûʹˡ
Ƚ϶ԣڸԭֵǻٵıֵ࣬ڹһЩʱ򣬳𼸺ȫʧȥ˽׵Ļᣬһһκһ˵һ飬Ҳһ
ߣ˺ܿ˿λãƺоʲô͵ͣҲʼԼߵʯ滺˹ȥ
ˣһλãʲôֱ͵һһֱ۱ֱӴ͸ʯ˿Уܿһ΢΢ʯͱ˳
ǸƷʵʯһʯĳɫҶҲԵ˷˵һдƬʯ˵ֻҪһݴСʯҲܹĥǧ࣬һƷʯܻܿĥ˵е˵ǿ󣬾˵һٿԻһĻͺֹܿܲ۸ˣĻҶҲҪô˷ܡ
˵ҶףһֱûбǻҲһЩı飬֮ǰޱˡ
ǻʣʯ˽࣬ҲæʯƷʣܹжϳ⸽жʯأ˵ǽʯݸǻʣǻҲϰԵĽʯ˹
ǽһʯǻҲ޵ķʸģҪ֪ǻʸ߻ֻһͨ鵤ǿߣǿ츳Դ¾ûǻʵĽˣǻʶһֱĹ湦Ҳ֮ԷȨҪԭ򣬳֮ǻʶķһЩĸӦûзʱǵõٿǱɽģǽһʯǻҲǶһֿ϶
ǻȻоʲôطʲôԣǱܵĽһʯ˹˲ǻʱ뵽Լһƴµһ۾ǰ񾳰һΪ춨˻²Ҳн˵ĳɾ͡
ǻʻڻʱͻȻоΧľͻȻƱԭߵĿҲʧӰ٣˴Ƭĸƣ˿׵ĸ߿һ
ôܣѵͻȱӺңǵһľٶǻһе龧ʯѾʧȥһͨʱ򣬱֪ʯһһԱﻹֵ뷨Щ뷨ʵĽǣһ޴еС
ಡһǻʸоȫһ䣬һֻȫ˪ĶȻһ֮ð˳⺮˪ǻ̴ӿڴȡԼڽ𸫣⸫ͷôİڽ֮⣬ͷ֮ϻżΪӵ·ֻ޴̫񣬾עеʱڽϵ̫ҪһڽųɫĹâ
ءһһֱ˪Աǻʵʱǻʵֱ˲趯һֱŻɫ̫ҲǴ˳ͬһ̽˶壬õ̫񽫶̴ʱ̫񡰺һ±ըĻ潫һֻ̫廯Ϊҽ
ءһһֻ˪Աǻᣬǻʵֱ˲ٴ趯Żͺ˪ײһֻ˪ԴֱӴ򱬣ܿҲǱһ̶ˮ
ҿǻʵ͵һԭɻûɻ˲伤
ءԽԽͣգ֮澹Ȼԭֱ֮ԭǺҶվλá
䡱һѨжҡҡλ˵Ǽֻ˪ˡ
ӵӵѡĸû뵽ʮ֮㾹Ȼ𱨣ĺҲûйϵȥҲ캦飬Ұɱˣ͵еˣǻ˺ݺݵĽļֻ˪˺Ƭ֮ǻеĻûаʧ֮ǰҪƱ
ʲôﾹȻ󷨣󷨣ǻԭЩʱ侲֪󷨲ܹԼǿƿ϶ǻĺУпǶԷĲ߻ģԽ֮£ԽҪ侲Ļܾܿͻ뵽ԷȦ׵УܿҪ촦ˡ
һ뵽ԭҪǿƳ󷨵ǻϵıҲǱԽʱҶ׺Ѿͨһͨ뿪󷨵λãǴ˿̾󷨵濴Ѿ󷨵лƴеǻʣһҲأû뵽ԭƴǻʾȻô侲ǻǵ͹һֱߵǿ
ȳ֣Һ棬סһҪץסѱֻȫҾͺãһ䣬㻯һɫӰ뵽󷨵УҶ׽
ΪҶ׵ϴһ󷨵λıԾǻֻвʮ׵ľ룬ǻһʱҲ޷оĴڡ
ǻ侲֮һɫӰȻһֻŹͷ󵶴Ӱ֮ɱ
ǻɫһ͵һеڽҲͬһǻĺֱӭһѹͷ
һرݺݵײһڰ֮оȻ˴Ļ𻨣ϸ۾ͺһ֮ɿζһ
û뵽ڳˣҿԷǳεĸ㣬ʵҪɱǳΣײ֮ǻе̼Ӵ͵ǰеֻ̫Ҳ̻ɫĹâһֻ
Ҳη壬󷨵Ȼû֮Ѱ˺˵Ѿʹֻ̫˹ȥҲֻȫһҪȼյĸоǾһһɫдĽӿֻ̫ûͱɫиɱȥ
ߣǵСǻû뵽ȻܹΪһ壬Ҳֻ΢΢һ㶣ٴ趯еڽ𸫺ݺݵȥ
ৡ
ڽ𸫻֮Ļ渫âҲǴǻʵ˫֮˳һ£Ҷ׻ǿһõ̫ǻʵĶͷ𡭡


İ ɫ
ˡǻ˫֮ϵԽԽŨеڽ𸫸Ǻɣӳͨ죬ͺһպ˵һ˸оֻҪ嵱еĻǿһЩĹᱻڻһ
ȥɣǻȫԽԽеڽҲǱøӵȣšءһֻɫ̫Ȼǻ˫֮бͬһһǡ
û뵽ƽʱɽ¶ˮǻһ־Ȼôݶ죬һӾͽǵӰûȥǻʵĲȴδֹͣƺҪ󷨵ҵǵıֱӽıг࣬һȱܿͻᱻƽ⣬Ǹ̻ĻȱֻҪԼȻܹҵҲܺߣôʹ˰ݣͬıôܿϧ̻ᶼᱻնݳġ
顭
ֻ̫һǰǿƽû֮ǻʱ󲽳ŸղڵλȥʱҲ󷨵ƴֵǿĻ棬ҲѾΪǿĻ˴˿ڣֻ˿ԽԽǵҲ𽥳ֲҵ󷨶廹һãĻֻǻ˾㹻һˡ
ٹֻǻ˱ѾǱƵͶ·ȴû̷Ҳ֪ʵĵ֮ʵͱǻҪٸƴǵòʧڵȴᣬǻѾ𽥿ǻ˵ҲѾʧʱǲ͵ĴܵһߣıȻٴȻһ޴Ķͷ­ǻʸȥ
ءһǻʵܿǰգͺ뵽һڰ統һĴǶĿ޺һҵļޱȵĴ̶Ҫǻʵ̴һ
ȥǻʸоͷ֮һķͣԴʱҪը˫֮е˫ûаͣ٣͵ת˫Ǳ˫ֽס忪ʼѸٵתһʱһȦȦĺϾͽǻʵ峹һƬɫĹâǵصϯȥ
ۡ
ǻٴǵ壬һŶĴȥڹؼʱǻʽƾһڽ𸫾ȻŤתǬȫһȦȦ޴Ļ羹ȻĴ֧
ҿǻ˫֮ϵֻ̫ӰԽԽ󣬾ͺһ˫ǻʵ˫磬һ˫ֱӽǻʵ֧ǶĴ˹ȥ

ʱ죬ֻ̫ӰײǶĹĺɫϢҲ˳ƶ롣
顱һ潫һֻ޴Ķͷ­ʵķ飬ǻʵҲǱٺɫϢ͸һʱȫ¾Ȼ˴ƬĺɫӰֻɫӰûд͸ǻշǱϵһɫ׸ĵֵס
ǻʣץǵĸۡҸʱΪܽҵʶĨʵ֪ҵʶѾһӡǸʱҲûгǳ˯ҵ嵱УҵְΣҵ곹׶ɹ¶ҵ壡ǻԼĶͷ­ȻҲˣ˼ѪǻҲǿҪƵ·ϣʱԼȥҵľǱԽԹ
û뵽ΪԼ޷죬Ǳһ˹ȥЩصӵ۹⻹ͦܱĴԼ壬ǻȻҧ֪ȻܣǱҪܡ
ǻʵ䳰ȷǲûκηӦȻ˵Ի˵ЩҶҵ濴ǲͣĥҵҷһһӱĻǣҲҵּ֣Ұ˽죬˵ҪллأĺӾ͵Ϊֹˣ׶ȥ
˵ţʮƺɫ׶ǻʱ򣬱кݺݵǻʵ塣
ۡ
һʮĸɫ׹ӺݺݵĴ̽ǻȫʮĸѨ֮ϣͬʱĺɫϢȻ˳ɫϢ뵽ǻʵ棬źɫϢļ٣ǵҲԽԽſڴںɫѪҲڵ֮ͨҡҡ׹
û뵽ɣЩɫϢܽҵű㷴Ϊȱ󷨵ıѾûκε̣ټıѾˣ֪Ϊʲôǻȫ˴ĺɫϢȫޱ֮⣬ûκηӦҲĳ̶ֳ΢һЩ
һӿΪԼ־ڱصõɫĿǻһĳԼ˹ǻûа飬ǳԹޣû뵽Լô껹ûܹӹһѣֻҶ׻ûг֣ٻһЩ档
Сӣҹǻʻǰеʱ΢΢һһ죬һգһǿĺɫϢ֮緢ֱӽҶץС
֨֨ǻʵɫΪ⣬ϾҪҶףʱЦҲòСȷʵ츳ϧֻһ۷ǿߣֻҪһûͻƵǻʾһ첻֪ǻʾжôǿǰʵʼմ۷״̬Ҳһֻ׳ϣһֻȻ˺ֻۣҪ㴵ܹʮǧȥ
ǻһֻץסҶ׵ĲӾҪԴŤƬǾһ̣Ҷ׵֮ϾȻִƬ⣬Ҷ׵Ҳʧǻʵ֮С
һ˲Ƶķǻû뵽Ҷ׵ϾȻôһŹֵķҪȥֿѾˣһƬ⾹Ȼ۾ȫڵһ˲ǻʵΪ㣬ĸ֪ҲǱεĴ룬ҶҲ˳ӳʮ֮⡣
ɱۣ֮
Ҷһǻʵ߱оĺɫϢûгʧ뵽ǻ嵱е棬Ҷ״Լɱ֮۾ҪҵɫϢۼĵطֻҪһͻƣʱǻͨʵһˣ
ˡһҶ׵ɱ֮۴򿪣һǿҵɱȻͷ֮ϵĸ滺ſȥͿǻʵǰ֮ϾȻһźɫӣһ˴ĺɫϢ


İһ նɱǻ
Ѫ֮⣡
ȻҵĹؼ㣬Ҷױûԥֱӽ֮еѪɫһȵѪɫߴҶ׶ͷ֮ϵĸ۵бȥһѪɫֻһָĴϸеɱȷʵޱȵǿѪɫһӱ㽫ǻʵ崩͸һ̺ɫֱӽ顣
ʱƺҲо˻ᣬڴĺɫϢٴδǻʵӿ֮ҲƴĿЩɫϢ뵽ǻʵ嵱С
ұѾǽƣϾǻʾڣǻʵǻʾС̫ܹ࣬һѾǳˣھͿҶܹܲǻʳɱˡ
ɢնҶ׿Ǻǻٴνһ𣬿ѾһϢӣ֪һѾ˾һʤĹؼҲǺԥĳǰȥѪ֣һѪɫĵâҲҶ״Ӱ֮׹ݺݵǻʵĶͷ
һѪɫĵâԽı䣬ȫһ
顱һѪɫâѾǻʵĶͷĶͷȻڴı֮£ûаˣڲԶǵϢԽԽˡ
ƣҶ֪һ̹ǿնѾˣֻܹһֻƺݺݵǻʵĺ֮ϣķתĺɫϢҶ嵱С
ɢҶܹյĺɫϢﵽµʱЩɫϢȻͬˮһҶ׵֮з˻
ΪҶѾϴټϴѾܹķһεķͨǼ֮󣬾ȻһӽǻʵķͻƣʱһŵѪѾҶ׵֮ϣͬʱǻֿɫϢҲǿʼй
Ҷ֪һ̲ƴɢʩչ֮Ҷ֮ϿͨоȻӾǻϵѪⶼҶһֻ˺ǵ뵽Ҷ׵嵱С
һ̣ǻʲ֪ԼѾͷˣû뵽Ҷͨı۷ǿ߾ȻôֶΣҶ˵ʱǻ嵱еĴȻˮһʼǻʵʧʧǻԽԽҶ͵˺󣬴ĺɫϢǻʵ汩
顭ǻʵ徹ȻĺɫϢ׳ű壬Ƭ֫顣
ˣǻʵѾƬȻһĶǵӣҶҲǿǽ߿ʼڵѪһֱǻõѪȫ¸ɾ֮ѧǵӿʼϥڵ֮ͨпʼˡ
ʱȥˣ˼ȫָҲǻָɣҶ׻ָĸ࣬˼ȫָǻָ˾ųɣǿ뿪ص֮ˡ
߰ɣǿ˿ǰɱǻʵλã΢ԥһ±һſĳڴȥܿǾ˿ĳڡ
ʱͷĿȻǳϻ̳ϿֵĵǻʾȻûгʱЩֵҪ˵ȴûи˵
ߵǰʱ򣬿ͷĿȻǳϻ̳ϿֵĹڵϣͷĿΪֵ̿ӣҲֻЦ˼˵Ѿˣӽ쿪ʼﱻǾ￴ſˣʲôʱ򸴹һ֪ͨģ
˵꣬ǱиһıǿֱӽҶ뿪˿
ʱȥʱһһ·֮ǺҶ֮һЩ޹ʹ鿴ǢҶܹоԼĲΪǻȥ֮ӭӵĲһƬõδǸӲпĴɱжѾһͷѾûκ·ˡ
ˣˣ³ɣǰҶͻصԺ䣬ᵽԼϢ֮صԼԺ֮ҶײûаģøӵĽͬʱҲٴοһ޺ۼСʯ顣
һҶ׺ԥĽһСʯпʼܿСʯ鵱бд뵽Ҷ׵ԺУˣε㴦ĲӦÿ佱һģϧȴֹۣѾɣǱڽϾͿʼжˣ
ھֵصͼѾ۳ֻһʱȥ䣬ڿʼǻ䣬һŵͼӰ㱻۳Ȼ˵ֻһʱ䣬ʵһŵͼչͼȫΣȷʵֻһʱͻʧ̣ͼӳֵγȴʱ䣬Ѿ㹻Ҷȥˡ
ڵͼʧ֮ǵӰٴ۳ˣµͼ֮Ҫ˳ŵͼϱǵλùնһһǻ㣬ʱһ㽫·ǻʳʣµľͿԼ컯ˣ
ǰѻ˵֮Ӱʧ
û뵽ǸۡƵôӣֻҸ˵ȥ»Ҫһʱ䣬Ѿ׼๤ߣֻҪܹͨ󷨣л뵽ǱչصҵˣҶ״ŽԼ˼·˳һ£뵽˯ߵС
˯ʵҲǼһԿٻָ嵱еƣҶȫ˿ܹõ̶ȵϣͬʱҲҶܹԼ״̬һѳ̶ȡ
ʱʱһţܿҹ㽵ٵῤǡ
ҶΪͼϢܹȫȫÿһë׵Уͬʱȫܹ磬ɳ֮Ҳͺۼ
ܿ˵һ󷨸ǰ
󷨾һΧǽΧǽֻʮ׵ӣǼǻʾԾһҲ޷ԽһΧǽҵһŲܹ˳ͨȻҲ󷨵ԿףֱӾͿһųԼǰ
ɱۣ֮ҶײûǸ׼һ澵ӣϾһľӿưȫʵֻܹյһţܹ׽󷨿͸ɱ֮۾ͲͬˣһŸǺڵĳҶ׵ǰֻǰһƶٶȼ죬ҶҪͨҲҪ΢ȴʱġ
ţҶ׿һ澵ӵͭǰ֣͵һͭһǹһ̵һȸΧǽ򣬹Ȼͭ̽Χǽ֮һ΢ͣһ¡һҶ׵͵һȻһǽڴ˹ȥΧǽһߡ


İ ֮
ৡһӣոȥ͸оŵһǹӵ֮Ҷױⳤǹ϶Ҽģⲻı۳ӰǼЩӰɱҲǱЩͨҪ֪ٱ
ЩǹӰҶ׺ӿڴͳһһĶڽ£ȵһ΢ֲڣ˲ǳȹ̣һǵһĶЩǹһӰӵ֮Ϸڶ֮ϣÿһ󷨣֮ϵ·΢΢ȻҲű䱡˼֣ȴȻûд͸ƣͨ󷨵תöҶ׳ǰȥ
ʮʱ䣬ҶױŶ뿪˳ǹ󷨵һС͵˹
˵˹ʵһĳڳһС͵Ĺţһſ֮ͨҲǺƽҶȴܹоֻ۾ڶһޣֻҪ΢һЩߵϢǶܹоǻߴǾҲᱻԵֻʣһǼܵġ
Ҷȥ֮ǰҲţǽһźɫĹʵУֹʵģζҲһ㣬ǵҲڹ֮ϵʱ򣬹ǳǧֻ۾̶ҶױʧȥȤһЩԶݿˣҶ׾ôҡڵ߹˹š
ܿҶױһƬլԺĸǰЩլԺһûκ𣬲ʮධӣֻһסһҶҴ¾ͻᱻڸıǿߣǻʾΧ
ʱҶ׿ʼһŵͼľ徰󣬺ܿҶױȷһլԺΪǵסոǵլԺͱǻʾ߸
ˣʲôҪҹ᳤סڻ᳤ڱչȰ㻹ǸϿ뿪ҪΪʢĲףһǻʾ֮ǰҲ飬̻ͷ֮ìܡ
Ҷ׵ĿıҪӲȥģǰѾǹƥɱȥˣԽǻʾĻ߽֮󣬾Խװ벽ߺͻ֮䲻ԽĲ࣬һ뵽Ҷ׻̲ס˵ǰϢŭģܹ֤ʵһ»ȽϺһЩ
Ǻǣԭǻȱȷʵǻ᳤Ըȥģ˵ߴԺĸ¥˳ޱƽ˵
ܿ߱ߵĸǰ΢һ㶺ԣתһæʵԣߣŸոջ᳤Ѿչأ˵˵ģô᳤չؾҶȥôܹȥأѵ
Ǻǣ֪̫ˣǻ̸ߵһʹһɫûȷӦ͸оһһѾ̽壬ųĽ嵱еڷţ߻ҪʱѾǰд󵶵ķնߵԴҲѾ
ֱǵӶҶ˵ҽޣϣǻл棬һ󣬵Լʱ㲻Ҿ뿪ˣȥɣ
߸ոڲһʱ䣬㽫һɱҶ֪ǵʱ䱦㲻Ťֱӽ뵽˸¥У޵˵ҶŤеĻأ嵱ע룬һС͵Ĵ㽫͵һ統С
ȻҶ֪ǵңһлǱĻһ˵ֻʮ׵գ缸ûκǰһƬïܵɭָǸһĿĸо

ҶһֱһŨҵ͵һڣоһޱ泩ĸоû뵽ﲻ⻷ãŨȸǸ߳طٱеһЩ޿ĸǿҶ׿ԶȽСûЩ޻ĳɭֵȥ
ò˵ɭŴÿһ֮жһɵ㣬滹żŨҵֻǰУЩŨҵԵԽĿ񱩣ѾһЩʼ۳ΪһЩˡ
ȻЩȻǳĿ񱩣뻹ֻʿʱЩƴĥʿ壬ߵĻЩ͸ûпգὫѪ˺ƬһֻѾʿİ벽߶ҶҲ֪Ϊʲôǻѡѡһôİ취Щ˿̶ѾΪһԡ
ܿ죬Ҷױ㴩һƬһһӸǰҶվһӵİ߳Ŵӵһ߿ȥһȥޱ޼ʣͿ߼ʣǲԣӿ񱩵ǴǴӵĴһһںӵתγһǵнε
ˣ¾ĵطˣҶɫͨվںӱߣȫ¶ڱŹǼ˴ǽѪΪ嵱лܹҶ״˿ѾȫѪűһˡ
ˣÿһҪˮУоһֻεĴҪƿȫѪһҪըףָо߻ħʹ࣬һִӹҪڻĸо
ܵЩ֮Ҷ͵һ֪ԼǰһĻȫļⶼᱻǿȫ˺ɵķ飬ѪģҶֻܹ˻ص߿ʼĹ۲
ôȫҶ׸оڿʳȫʱԽԽԽϲͣĿʳţĹͷ񱻿гѷһ
Ҷ֪ںһҲǰ벽ߣܹҪͻƵǻʾǾ˵Ҳʵ֮ûӦĶӻҪͨȫͬ
󲿷ֵߴ񾳶ͨеʱЩ߻ʳһЩ鵤ҩͨЩ鵤ҩ֮п񱩵ҩƶԼѪеɱ䣬ﵽһֳɻĹ̡
һȫѪһĳ֮·һδεɱ䣬ﵽһ̶ȵʱЩγһµ̬ӶߵΪĳ̶ֳ֮ϵõһЩ߶ͿҲǷǳǿģЩ޾͸ˡ
ϧҶ׵ȫͨһδεϴƽĹ̷ǳĻͣû̫ѶȣʵҲǸһ


İ 
߶ǿΪģÿһ绹ҪͨҶǡǡȱЩ裬ΪǿȱЩ΢һЩǰͺһĳѨѾγҶ׵¾ֻһˡ
˵һεһɣղܹɱǣҲһȫɵĺб赲ôףл῿ǵġ
ǶҶ˵һУȫһӵһϵĸɲ񣬸ûκλֵҶΨһܹľһɲյʱһЩȡһһܹĸõú̿
ҶѾ׵ıԵشʼʱҲգգ۾Ҷ׵˳Ҳû뵽ԼǰȻô񱩵һ
һУ˵Ҷ׾ҲҪӦһʱ䣬⣬пܱķǡ
֪ҶҲһЩɻģҶ˵СһҸ˵Ͳһ½ĵ£һ棬˼ڰ벽ʥͣôãز֪ٴҲûмķ΢һЩǰ˵Ķڡ
ҵжϣһѾﵽ챦׽ıѪ־ѪѪɫҲǵױﵱһ֣һʵʵ챦ױﵱбȽϵεĻɫпеļƷпףǸ߽ױƬɵģһܹɱ׬ˣ
СһҸ˵Ҳ֪̺ô޴ܣ㿿ĳı¾ǻһʥҪҲϼѣ͸˵ҵЩˣֲǵֻһ벽ҲܹôεĴɱлأԽ˵Խ˷ܣͲҶ׵߳ⱦ伸ȦˣҶҲûǣֻһ
棬Ǿ൱ˣӵɱȨ˵Ҫɱǣⱦﱻ˵ô񣬿ûеȵǿ¾ͻᱻⱦˣһ뵽Ҷ׻Ҳ̲סսⲢ̫СǿĵѾǿ޷Խĳ̶ȣƽʱһӦѾҪҲѾˡ
˷ܵӣֻܹ¶Ц˵ʦ֪ôģھһվڻʳǰؤ֪ʳǱ޾ƱҵܹõǱߵıȰ㻹ĥôҽɣ
Ȼ֪Ҷôģʵʱ뷨ҶҲ࣬Ҷ׻ģҶ׵ıֲû֣ʮĵȰСһ֪ڵ뷨϶ˣȻܹϳһЩãȻҲܹҵһЩƽķοϷ˵ҲһɽģϷƴҲҪŪֻҰ֮ǰһЩҪģ
ٻϷԳƵģô˵˵ѾʼˣСһκܿһ˵ĵתۣһϷҲ֪ڶңξΣõĺãһ֮ΪѸ벽ʥߣߵľ磬ãҺ㶼ҪһҪССģҿʼ˵صˣ
ϷľжϣмǧļƬ䣬ûв´пһ־ҲвֵıƷѾ˻νףֻӦһƬⱦı壬ˣⱦƬúҲɱһʥˣֻҵҲֻܹȫʮΣ۾ɵԲҶ̲ס˵˵ʮεʱ㵸һһٵ˵
ʮΣҲ˵ܹɱʮʥߣҶһ뵽ں㿤ǣŷ̨֮ϣʥߵﻹЩµġ
ǵģʮʥߣȻϵģʵ嵱Ǹżһ£˵ģµֻһƬֻܿǺСһƬǵõпͨϢҵı壬һôĲƸˣյһҪĳ룡˵ٴޱȿ϶˵
Ҿ͸Ӧô뵽һ棡һԼָҶָһ
Сһҵʱ˺ܶ೤ȫĴ͸ǿµĲˣ츳ֻʮܹǻʾû뵽㾹Ȼֻ˲ʱ˰벽ߣҾ֪滹һܣҲܹɱҵǿֻҪܹʱƴ㹻İ֮ڽ뵽һ
㰴ָһ㷽ߣһ룬ÿһʱһܹһ֮뵽ˮıԵ֮ڽˮжΣ֮¾ͿԿˣ˵һʱҲ¶һ˼ƺڲͣҶ̳һ֮·
Ҷ֪ԼһδɱҪָˣοǰֱǳԽ֪ȷʵҲûʲôˡ
Ҷ״ԼڵλվָλȥܿһŴԱˮλû߰˲ľ룬ȻǳĿ񱩣ҶתҲǾû¶һſ񱩵ͣĴһ
Ҷ׻ǼʱһĹȥһʱȥˣҶҲӵıԵ׼뵽ˮˡ

Ҷ׽뵽ˮ統УӣһҶ׵ȫһνĻһҶ׾ͱЩĻҲǱ絽һȫܡ
ҶҲûվһ뵽棬ͱ嵱еѪ⼡ͣմɼΪ뵽Ѫ⵱еһЩϸС϶棬Ȼдֱӽ뵽鵱ʧӰ٣ͬţ뺣һ

ҶĵյԽԽ࣬嵱Ҳǻ̫ʣһҶôһ㽫ʳų⣬һųҶ׶ʱҲǾȫĹñǰǿ˼֡


İ ǵľӡ
Ҷ׳ȫµļ仯֮⣬嵱еѪҲѾȫѪҲܹɵѪȻҲ͸ֻҶ׵ȴȴûκεı仯Ȼ֮ͬǰΪѪͿ΢Щ
һʱ֮Ҷٴ˿ϥѾ뵽ˮУˮ棬Ҷȫϯģȫʹľ͸ˣһȫĸоҶȫѪ֮ͨʹĸоԽԽ٣ˮѾѶʲôӰˣʱҶ׾Ȼںˮ߶ˡ
Сһû뵽ʱĻҪúܶ࣬ڵѪǰս൱ҲӵˣܵҶȫı仯Ҳ˵ҶԽԽаԵϣҶ׵Ϊֱʥǲźء
ͨһҶ׵һ뵽棬Ҷ׵ζѾľˣû뵽ǣûл֮⣬ȻвٽֻЩ￴أ˵Щǽ˵ЩһЩ󷨵۸Ϊʡ
Ҷһ뵽ӵеʱ򣬱㿪ʼںˮ治ͣѰǵλãͻȻҶ׾ͿˮλãҲվĵǣ˿̵ȫһ׽ɫף֮Ҳ֪ʲôֶһֹ󷨣˿վеĽеϴ񣬶ͷ޾γɣƺѰıǳ
СһǻиŪ֮⣬ôһıֲ︨ôæ뵽˱չ״̬Ūʱ²Ļѽǻʾ˰ɣָָĵ̲ס˵
ʲôǣĻҶ̲סʵ
Ǻǣǳܼ򵥣һܹعͨǳĴЩǳӳΪһ󷨽ǳ֮Ͷ䵽嵱ĹͿԽΪ壬΢߱˳ɵˣ֪Ҷ׻ĻûҶ˵Ҳشˡ
ҶĻͻȻ뵽Լϵɱ¼飬֪һֳװɱ¼ıʲô̶ȣʵڲˣһȫѾƺѰԼıǳӣЩֵ˵ʦǼȻѾӣΪʲôôܹɱѲҪȵǻʾְ߲ܹɣ
Ҷ׿ڵλü񱩣ڵûʲôֶαô񱩵ϯȥҲᱻʳƬģοҪɱǣѱȵ찡
Ҷ׵ĻǼΪЦЦ˵˭˵ֱȥɱˣǿͨƳõĿȨʱնɱȫ
ŶĻҶ̲סһ㶣û뵽Ȼ֪һЩ飬㿪ʼĵ
оҶ׵̬ȣ¹ҲΪ˵ǰλõܣǲһȦɫĶںɫĶǲǻкܶŹֵĻƣֻۣҪܹͿԳ׿ˣʱҾְ߰취ĥˣ
˵ʱʮеҶҲһЩС˷ܵӡҲ֪˵ЩڰοǼѵĳǺɫһȦȥ
˵һȦȫȷʵӦһӣзԲǧףڴӵһ޴İɫʯͷʯͷ֮ϾȻ˸һȦȦɫɫʡ
Сһ󷨽ת󷨣󷨾ͿԽ֮ۼתʱ⵹ÿһתҪҲ٣ܻҪϸͱ˵Ϊʥ֮ͻᱻΪʥ̲סЦ˵
ʥҶû뵽˻ѾĲˣǵʥ֮һˮˣ˵׾ʥߵľ磬ϧҲֻһڼ֮峤峤֮ǳϻᣬڳϻ˻ִϣִʲôҲˡ
Ҳǰڵ˵ʥ߾ҵĸ߲Ҳ൱һξģһ뵽ҶױоЩͷʹΪܹоԴĿǰҺҶҵĹϵֻܿܲһʱ̰ô򵥣пΪĳԭűԷ׷ɱ½ģ׷ɱҶҵ˾˭ңұٵĿֲ֯أ
Сһ֪ﻹкܶʣڲǽЩʵʱ㿴󷨵һŦʵ󷨵򵥵İ취ֱע뵽󷨵Уʱͻӡ棬ֻҪ󷨵еӡڽӡͿԳҶϵɻǼΪϸĸһ顣
ҶףᱦͺΣգǴ˿ڷбչһѰԼǻʾĹؼʱ̣Ҳûô׾ͿȡǳΪˣҪǳɹǻʾ֮ǰѸٽ
ҽҶ׻󷨵ıԵԼƸ󷨵ıԵŴҶڣ嵱еҲǽ뵽󷨵УܿҶױоԼ뵽һ統С
ֻһһ任˾ʮֵĹ죬֮統оûĴڣҶ׸ҪȥѰǵӰȴһģ統ĴҷɣһӰֺǣӰٶ̫죬ҶκοĻᡣ
ʱҶͻȻ뵽һ취͵һУǣˣ
˵Ҷ׵ĻʱͣҶ׵ǰЩɻĿ˿Ҷ״Ҷ˭ˣֻû뵽Ҷ׾Ȼܹ󷨵УЩ˵㲻ǻ̻Ļȱôת󷨵УҸɣӰһĳͷ
ӰȻǵı壬˵Ȼɷʮ㣬ȫµǳ˻ҩһ·ôҶףҪõһԼĴ𸴡
ɱģԭ뵽󷨵УҶ׵ٻЩ飬ӴҶ׷ǲûеô


İ 
Ҳѹ֣ǱǺǿģڴŵȻܹǻʾڵĻɱһûзѶҲ֪Ϊʲôôʱûнǻʾ󷨵еȴûôǿ෴ֻ嵱еһֶѣǻ󷨵УԭӡѾҶֱˡ
ǵıڣӡٲҲܹӱ鵽ǻƴҪͻƾǻʾĻѾɱҶ׵ˣǼӡһҶ׵Ļô£ʱҪƺѾˡ
һԭֻͨҶΪסǵӡ⽫Լļ֮еһҲǸں˵գ֮һ޴Ѫɫ㽫ǵֽȥ˿ͨıһʱҲ
Ҷ֪ԼʱޣܹѸٽǰӡһߣ󷨵ҪץסѾˡ
ɢлʱҶҲǿԱߣ˫ֽץסͬʱãҶ׾ͿеǿʼһЩ΢ı仯ǵӰԽԽãѾҪӽ͸ĳ̶ˡ
ʱվϿգһɫǳµǱ建ĽԼ۾ſȻѾܹ΢΢ſ죬һɺɫȻĿǻ֮лһɺ뵽󷨵С
ۡһ󷨵ǵѾԽԽģˣһע룬ǵ徹ȻһٴαʵԭЩ徹Ȼʼ𽥵һգۣǵ徹ȻֱӽһűˣҶһץסǵֱۣѾʧӰˡ
ɣҶһץסǵֱۣ嵱еĴȻҶ׵޵ľһҶ嵱ѹ屻ôһѾˣҶҪѾǲˡ
ľһֻһӡ˻ۣӡŪķҲֻñܵһЩǣѣҶ׵ҪˣûĻˣ
ʱҶͻȻоԼ֮ǸţԴӵõǸ֮ҲֻһΣ֪һܲʹġ
𣡡ҶڽԼתµʱͻȻоԼ֮һöڻתһɼǿҶ׵ֱ֮ǿķֱӽǵӰ˽ȥܴ֮ӿ뵽ٺɫӰû۳ʱҶɵҲ֪Ӧôˡ
ӡоǵӡѾʧӰ٣ӡոʧĵطһƳҶ׵ǰҶһѱ㽫һƸץסһɹ˳Ҷ׵ע뵽һ֮ϣһƾȻҶԼģˡ
ˣҶ׿ǰԼЩȻǿʱ䳤Ҳûôĺˡ
Ҿ㣬㲻ңȥɣϾҪǻʾˣһһսûнеֻɱ¾֪ΪʲôҶӡûҶôı֣һЩǱпһ档
оҶ׵ɻҶҲûнЩʲôּ˵һҪ㣬Щ֮ûнǻʾΪ壬νԼһķһǻʾôҲ൱ڽǻʾ
տʼʱΪԼһˣ˭֪񾳾Ѿǳ鷳ˣǻʾأǿһ潫ŪΪľҪҵԼıٽǻʾôһʵʮǻʾڵʱͱһǻʾСɻ߻ҪǻʾɻҲһƴ֮Ҷһ˵˺ܶ࣬Ҷûɻ󣬱㽫Լı˳ȥ
һ뿪󷨣ҶԸоȶ˵Ǹǻʾ߻ԡڳƬǹ⵱УҲֻǱȵǿһѣûбôˣ˵Ҷ״ҲһЩŪǸоƻԼĺ£ҪǻʾҶ׳Ļͨǻʾ߶޷ͻᱻҶ׻Ūģ
СһϽ㹵ͨ󷨶Ͼǿ֮ϵһǻʾһԼ㲻˺飬ҲˣǹⲻϵĴӰ֮еǿսϽѵ
ôһ˵ҶҲ󷨵еԼͨͬʱԼĸ֪Ҳ껺뵽ƹ󷨵ŦУվҶ׾ͿһƯڰ֮Уָ㣬Ҷ׾Ҳ뵽󷨵лôһ
Ҷ׵ıܹоǹѾһؼʱ̣Ҳûԥֱ뵽ǸŵС
Ҷ׵ųںϵʱҶ׾ȻоԼ綼ڻһĸ֪Ȼãã浱С
䡱һһ޴ıɫӰ֮г֣Ӱվһͨǳǰǳʮ֮һĴСҶ״ԵĹ㣬СĸͷҲа׵ĸ߶ˣ˿оȻһѺɫ̾ȻǺɫϵһװѡ
֮⣬Ķ澹Ȼһ޴ĺɫޣĸͷƺѾﵽɵĳ̶ȡ
ɳĺһͷţĶͷȻǣһһɵĶͷ֮⣬ţĶͷһֻۣһЫһβҲǴƨţǰ鼫Ϊмĺ׷Ҽ꣬ѵҲ֪Ҫץ˻ȥƵҩˣ첻ҵϲƵҩŪһҿǻ˰ɣ
ʲô𣿡Ҷ֪һϹűڻǴؿڣΪŪŪĶأϸһȻЩ񣬵ǿȷʵ϶ˣ˫۵иŵѪɫâÿһκţ϶úţһ鴤Ҫǿ֮׹һ
ţ˵㣬ͷϵĽѾˣ컹ҪˣɣҿԸεĸ㣬ѾӲˡ
һλ֮Ҷ΢΢۾Լ徹Ȼ󷨳һ𡭡


İ ɱ
ҷ⣡󷨳ױҶ֮ѡ񷹵ͨͨգžͿǵ徹Ȼ׵ĴӰ֮׹һ̵ȫͺǱ̴еǹ⣬⻹Ϊһ޴ĵأ
Ҷ֪˿Ϊʱ̣͵ʩչٶȴȥͬʱɱ֮Ҳ򿪣ֻһգ۵ʱ䣬Ҷ׾ͿϵۣѪ֮Ҷ׶ͷһö֮бȥǵ屻Ѫ֮к׵ĳһ޴ѪҶҲûͣϢֱӹȥ㽫ǵͷ­ֱǰص˿ϣΪ񶾵ʹˡ
Ǳһģƾô붼û뵽Ҷ׾Ȼôһͽںϣڰ֮е֮һҪʱһǿҶ׵汬ֱǵϷ궯˼Ȧһž޴ͷ­ȫѪ⾹Ȼһֻ˺ҧһ㱻Ҷ֮ϵǸֱӽ飬ûʣֱӽ뵽Ҷ׵档
ˣҶײʵҲûţ֪һûô壬ɲұ֤Լ֮ǰ콻ˣҶ뵽ֱӽʹó

ȻҶƴ֮ʱǵļкͷŭĺҲǴҶ׵泤ХҶ嵱еԽԽ٣ǵļҲ𽥵ʧƽʱҶײʱ
ʦϤ𣿡Ҷһ뵽󷨵ʱ򿴵ЩתͷҶ׵Ļҡҡͷ˵оôһӡô벻ôˣǲ濴Щʲô
Ҷ֪Լʲôȥƭ˶ԣǰϼһԼһ붼ģ۵ʲôʱȥƭģҶ΢Լ֯һ±˵ҽ뵽۵ʱ򿴵һţҵںһʱҵԺ澹Ȼһʮ׸ߵģֻˣűǶ̣һͷţ
ҶһԼ֪ȫ˵һ飬ҡҡͷ벻ʲô̲ס˵ѵĺǰйϵܣΪʲôһоûأ
ҶΪҲԸ϶ݺݵһĴ˵֪Ϸûп˰ɣϷתⱲӶʳˣ
ϧҶеĳûг֣𷴶ֵĺƽֹӽȻ෴üͷʲô벻ֻܹޱƵĻصԼĴָС
Ҷ֪Ҫȥչˣһβֻ֪ʲôʱһ£ҶҲģȻûȫһЩԣǴµһЩȴˡ
̳ڹؼʱ̿ת֮⣬ԾۼΪԼãŤתʱգʱ⵹ȻҶڵʵ»һ㣬ǿܹŲƳһξûģһ뵽ҶֶһЩЦݣΪֵõһļһǾ̣
ǲܹȥҪϽ뿪ǵĸۡˣҶͻȻоʲô仯뿪ڵĿ棬ͿǵĸۡŪþΪ޺һǻ
ȻҶ𽥿ҵصʱͿѾ޺һǻŵΧ˵У޺һǻѾ˺ۣΧǵǻҲѾǻˣԷǻʵĸÿǻʵΪ綼ǻʾСɣĸǻԽѹסˣΪ޵ǿѾΧ֮±ˣǼˣ޺һҲѾƵ˾·ȥ
Ҷ״˿͵뵽һ취̽Լǵģ˵ǰô£ôˣ
޴˿̻ǵģҶ׵ʱ͵һ㶣ǹԹԵĹ˹˵ˣǸղֻɱһͽЩƫƫ˵ͽҪıԩ
˵һʱһֱԱΧŵĸ߰Ŀ׷׿Ҷ׵ϣ·Ҫжǰ˾ǲǡ
Ҷ֪ǻǵ̫࣬һֳһٵǰǺŪȥҪǵǳˣǿ¾ǾһˣпܱŪ
ҶҲ⣬ֱӽ̸˳⼸ڻɵĻЦôڻڻҪҪǽȥһ
һҶ׽̸óЩĻ߶ϽȥһصԼĸۡУ̸֪һͷڹһ
Щ˵̬ȣҶ׶ʱЦһ޺һ˵ˣұչҲɾͣǸɣ
˵Ҷױ뿪ǵĸۡ˴ڰ֮зٹһɽͣܿҶ׾ͱصԼԭòˣѾ˳Ҳ뿪ˣ
ҶױصԼԭȵò޵һڵϿʼһ߸ǿֱӵڵװŪҶЩЦá
֪ҶΪʲôı飬ҶŹֵҲûоʲô֣һϢҶ˵֪Ϊʲôı飬ʵ㲻֪û֮ǰǲЩеجΣͬʱҲ֮ڻеجΡ
Եҿ֣һ̵ʱΪûǴҾ͸ΪҪøΪпķĥû뵽Ǻãûлɱ֮ŪıǸȳȥģ
֪Լһ֮ȻκһᣬԼ뷨һβ˵˳ȥԼ̹һЩǿ˿ҶףЩֵʵˣԽԽ͸ˣҵʿ𣿡
Ҷû뵽ӽȻԼôһݣҲû⣬ϾӽôҲΪԼãǬ֪ˣǬ϶һʱ䲻ŹҶûбҪ˵ʵЩûбҪ֪ˣҿ϶ŪѾǬĶˣǻǷͷ߰ɣ


İ ѫ
Ҷ֪ԼѾɱĸ벽ߣÿһ벽߿˵ǬµľӢҳһǶһĴھô̶̵ļ¾ȫˣڲע⣬ǻñˣ
Ҷ׵ĻҲֱӽԱߵĻ߸һöҩ飬޺ߵ嶼ͬʱʧҶ׵ǰ
ʱҶͻȻоؾȻ΢΢ζⲻǵ𣬶һɼǿȻ߿ٵĴݹ
䡭
ضŲҶ״ɱۣ֮Ϳٹ֮⾹Ȼһɺ̳߷ȻǶܹоȻʥߣҲǻʾ۷Ļˡ
̣תߣҶ֪ⶫǱԼģٲߣò˼ʱ䣬ͻԼ棬һǻʾ۷Ҫɱûа㻹֮
ˡһһһҶϱըֱҶ׵ȫŤУҶ˼ǬתƣʱתƵûʩչܹҶֱӽʳƬġ
תûãҶ׵ѾʧԭأϢҲʧӰ١
䣡
ҶʧûãһɫӰҶʧĵط˻£ͷȫǱըʽģһһһĿı飬һ־ͽҶ׸ոڵλ÷һ׳죬һɽͷһ뻹ûҵκε˿ըͷʱһžʧӰˡ
ʱҶѾص˺㿤ǵУʱѾ뿪㿤ǲˣһص㿤Ҷ׾ҵӽһǳصСӽǵͷ­͵ӽǰӽȻ֪Ҷ׵˼ҲǽһСҲװ˽ȥĩȻһö
֮Ľ׵ҲǳɣӽİƺһЩŮ̴ӣܿ㽫һʢľϯҶ׵ǰӽҲһԼһЩָҶ׵һЩ˵ϵܣҵ㣬ĻҲôʹϣǬǱ߿ҪһȻɳһ벽ʥȥ׷ɱ㣬ϧǲһͰץסˣǬһ벽ʥ߱ţҲУ԰ȫ
ӽҶЩĵӣҲѵӽı֤֮Ҷײǵ˵ͷ֪ӽҵȻҵݻǵһ£˵ҲĵλӽҪ£ֻһСһ峤ѣأӽֵܹġ
ǺǣҲǲţֻǾҼȻܹų½һ̿Ͱɱ壬ôǵ߱ȻҲǷֲ½κ벻ĵطһһ⣬ҿҶҵĶ簡ҶﰲһЩ֮Щ޼ɵĺӽЦһȻҲǺУ˵һЩ˼ɣûôɹ
Ҷ׵Ļӽ˵ͷ˵˼ʵ뷨Ҳ֪ȷʵǳĺΪЩ˿ҲӦõġ
˲˵Щ飬ȻѾԺҵһ֧ҹҵˣԺѾͬˣӽƺоںҶ˵ЩȷʵЩ̫һЩת˻Ц˵
˵ӽЦһּ˵ôҶ峤Ҳո¶ͷǣʲôأҶٻص㿤֮ûȥں㿤ǵĸۡǻصԼ̻΢һ̻ľȥ縮֪ԼµѾķԸȥǺ̻ȡϵͬʱһЩҲ۹ѧԺõѧԱ֧֣ôһҶһ˽۹Ŀܡ
ֻ۹ΪǬ벽߾ӢŪҲЩĸ꣬ʶ۹˿ѾɱأóȻҶҵǰȥֻǷɶ˻ѣʱǴͷԼصǡ
Ҫ֪۹Ǭ˵Ҫľǹ۹֮࣬⣬ǣǵ۹ѧԺڵĿǡѾΪǬսΪǬҪûң۹ĻҲǣȥԾעǬ֮ĴսѾĻҾ˵ڹѾǻʾĻ䣬ǿߵ˸ǲˡ
뵽ЩҶ΢̾һ£¶˵˵ҪȥչϧڹѾѪȷ磬СȥҲ·һȥһЩһЩ
һ뵽Ҷ̾뵽˲⣬˵ҲһЩܻһЩ
Ҷ׵ĻӽҲ̾˿ּ˵ʵ˵Ҳ֪϶ǲʲô鲻Ҳûϵ֪϶һЩϵģ㲻˵ҲûϵҪ㣬ĺҳҼ࣬ԼҪСĵ㰡
ӽ˵Ҷ׺ӽ֮󣬱ֿʼҲ׿ʼԺҶҲûмƽʲôȻüͷʲô
ӽԺһһҹ֮ҶױЩصҶҵĸۡУѾҶ˴ɨĸɸɾҶ׼ԼãѾǲסĴˡ
ҶϢһ֮ҶײſʼټҶи߲˽һҶԭҶײҶʱ䣬ҶǿҶ׵ķԸѾĴСһһˣھʣҶһ°֮ǰİס۹ĹˣҶԥһ»ûͬ⣬ʱҶºʲôѫҶ߸ҶףҶ֪ҳˡ
Ҷ״һ£ھǬսӻаʱ䣬Ҷҵĵӻ̫ûбҪһڻҶȥڿֻнսĻˣҶҶǿҶŴҶҵ˼Ժ㿤ǺΪȥȥңܲܰȽһЩȼü֮
ϾҪҶסǬͲʵʣǻңЩ仯ˡ
֪峤ڵҶһ̫СҶ׵֧£ѾһЩ֮ˣܹһŵصҶӻ¾ˡ
ҶҶ֮󣬱㳯ں㿤ǵĸۡȥܿҵĸۡǰĸۡȣһ޴լԺƾ˺ܾһۡвûаӰ룬֮Ҳ˻ҳ·ԶԶܣһСʲô鷳


İ 
֮ҶҲ΢΢һ㶣ѵЩ˲֪ҵĸۡôһ׼̧ͷȥû뵽ȻûпҸۡңȡ֮һſѪͷǣҶüҪ뿪ʱһӰӲԶ˹Ҷ׼һŽ߿ʱҶ΢΢һ㶣˾ȻǺǳǵĳѫ
ѫô㣬ѵˣҶҲû뵽һεѫȻֵˣôһҶԭҪĽҲǸ˻̲סʵ
үкðɣҵǮɣѫûлشҶ׵Ļֻǹڵ϶ͷһ߿ͷҶʹɫҶ׵Ҳƺѫ˼һű㽫ѫ˳ȥѫܵҶƵһ֮װޱȵʹڵϣ淭˹ȥѫһʧҶ׵ߵС
ҶҲû׷ѫ˳ԭ·ƵߣһƧĵطͣʱѫϽ߹ҶһѸקסˣûп޳ϵܣˣҵ㣬ϣܹȥҾȾȼ
ҶҲû뵽ѫȻ˵ĻҪ֪ҵһɶ̫ϳϣ̫ϳʲôˣ꣬ǧĴ棬̫ϳһ㶼ǰ벽ʥ߼ϹŶˣǾʲôЩڶڲƽҪܹģҶѫĻҲ΢΢һ̲ס˵ѫ֣˵˵˵ôӰ
ѫ˿ԼһΪε˵ģҺұϻǺͺģʵѾұϾ·ˣǱҲѾ֣ҵĻᶼûˣⲻղſһۡѾķһµĵطϢĺãû˸ҰϢ͸¶ȥ
ô˵ղŸۡ˶ҸɱˣҶһ뵽ޱȺݶֶΣҲ̲סϰ
ѫҶ׵ĻεЦЦ˵ϵܣֻ˵һ룬ҵһǻص˹һǱҵɱģǴӵõڵνӳģҲΪڵľʾ㣬ʲôͲܹ֪ˣ
ѫһ˵һ͵ۿҶףҶ׻᷵زȥңҲ֪Ҷڵʵ˵һٶҵҲδܹöҶףӲָԼܹǿаҶ״ߣֻϣҶԼܹͨһߡ
Ҷ΢ԥһʵȻҵڸΣûҵ𣿡
ѫҶ׵Ļüͷ룬ͻȻ뵽һ飬Ͻ˵ˣ˵ˣ˵ҶҵԵˣֻҪˣҵΣѾͿԽһԶĶ¡
˵ѫüͷ룬ͷʹ˲뵽仰˵ڻ˵ұûбҪңͻΪУǬƺҵʲô뽫ҳ׽˲лȥѰǼôٶҲǳĶȥģ
ŶԭҶüͷ뵽ʲô̾˿̲ס˵
ʱҶͻȻомǿߵϢӲԶٵĿҶһקѫ뿪ԭȵĵطߺûãźµҵӱҶ׸ոʧΪֹĸҶѾˣϢû£Щ˾ôҲֻͽ޹ѡ
û뵽˵۾ô⣬ȷʵѾ׼´󹤷ԸˣҶ֪Щǿ߲ѫģΪҸۡǰ̫ͣãŻҵĻɡ
ϵܣ׳ʲôˣȻҶѫЩѫؤĿ඼ܹԵ¾ͲںǰСˣҶװѫӺҶײŰʵѫ澹Ȼ˸Ҷ׵ĺ棬Ҳǻһ£֪ҿԼؤĻ⼸첻ûмҶףԼСҲȥˡ
ˣûиҲûʲôֻҵһЩǿ߶ѣȥҵ𣿡Ҷ׽ѫ̲֮ס˵
ѫ֪ҶǲƭԼģҶ׷֮̾˿˵ȷʵȥұңұҲ۹Ĺں㿤Ǹ̫ԶһɽУķԴأ
ŶȲҪ˵ȥŪڳһ˵һȥңҶָоһ£ûзʲôɵ׷ٲŴѫ߼ŪһŵҵҸȥ
ѫ˵ҵһƬɽУҵҪĿľҪҽҵҸóʲôĿģ˵ѫ֪ҵЩҲ˵һȻҵڸѫεĻͺ㿤ҵһҵլԺС
ϵܣʵԭҲ֪ʲôطҵڸΣһҲҲҵıңȥʲôҾͲ̫ˣ
һɽиһһҹ·һ޴ɽڣ˵һ·ϵ·᫣˳˲ٵĿͷҶ׵ҲЩԲˣ⵹Ϊһ·ʲôޣһ·֮ϲ֪ʲôʼǵĶ߲ƣҲûзŹǣһֱɽȵЩϢ
һŵ׼ɽȵʱͻȻĸ۷ߴɽ֮ϵĲͬλһӰҶ׺ѫΧһ۷ǿߴԼĿڴóŻҶ׺ѫ֮Ż˵λǶԲˣҲΪҵ˾ҽɧţŻһؿǰֻҪ˽ɽȾһŷУλ
˵ѫҲҵȴܵҶһĴЩˬҲûйıֳҲֻ̾˿ͼɽ˹ȥ
Ҷ֪ѫʵҲһбˣϧ츳뱧ʵҪҲǳ룬ҶҪ˵ʲôǱȥ
ܿ죬һѫһ·ҵҴſڣʱѾһЩ˵Ҷˡ
ףκѫҲѫһӭӵߣ˫һ߿˿ѫ۾Ҳһ죬̲סѫ̾һ˵ѫҪָ׵ĺݣ㷢䵽ǳǣʵҲп԰


İ 
ѫû뵽Լĸ¸ʮ꾹Ȼ˵ĻһڵϣΧвҵˣûбֵ̫ĬĬվԼ׵ߡ
ҳϿ˿ҶףȻҲ֪ˣһ˵ǼڿеĹˣҲܹ˰ѹţ벻Ҫ֣
ҳԼǰһĳӣҶ׵ʱȻܹЦĳҶȴܹоȻǿɬģѫϾѣҲ֪Ǹܹ¶ʮֲףû˵ʲôЦЦҳ߽˴֮С
ڴżǻʾڵĳ⣬ڴ֮ϾȻһǻʾ۷İ׷ͷӶҶûв´ĻǸͷӦþЩ˿еˡ
Ӱݼڣԭ⼸ҵĳֻԼλϵҶ߽Ƚаһ£û뵽Ҷ׽뵽֮Уڶ¶ˣôһЩҵĳ϶Գڼеλ߶һԼλվһ𹧹ĺ
ڵĻЩҵĳ϶Ŀ⿴ҶףҶѾ˴棬ҲٺǻʾߣǱ߰˸ҵǻʾĻͬʱˣǾЩҺЩҵĳ϶Ҷûж⣬ֻԵĿȻĶҶ׻пܳ
ʱһֱҶ׳ֵܵѫоһĲڣҶ׵ʵԲֻЩŪԼڸ߿ıǮһ뵽Լ֮ǰһһϵܵӣ͸̲סվĶҵĳϣ˶ѫСɫûзһֱҶ֮ڲҲЩҳϲŵõڶҲһ
Ҷߣ֪˿Ѿǰ벽ˣԺҾҵĳϣҵ̫ϳϣƣҲҶԸԸ㽫һֱӵҶ׵ǰҶ׽ӹ΢΢һ㶣ǽһƸ
˿棬̲סʵǰܹĳǰ벽ߣҲ֣ھͰôҪƽңǲе̫ͻûмǴĻҾ̫ϳˣôǲǾ˵ˣ
Ҷ˵ʱҵЩһǲҺҲֻܹһԹһԵĳҶȥˡ
ҲЩСôģֻǵһЦ˵ˣЩ֪С֪ʵһǧȻ֪ӿµǱһɳǰ;ޣʱʵôǿᣬΪҵڣȻõıӻģ
ָ̾һ̲ס˵ЩμǱԣ˭й¶ȥΪҵĹУȵģ㾡һҲҪɱ
ƺԼ˵仰ȻԼָҧƣԼѪдһѪҵѪͨҵ˶оʲô΢΢һ֮ЩҳϾ;øӲ˼ɣͬʱǿҶ׵Ŀ͸ӵĹ˼ˣ
ˣͣЩ͸Ĵڳ˹ͣ˶뿪ˣ治֪ʲôʱȻóһȣȺݺݵڵ棬ҵһˣֻʣҶ׺滹ڴС
濴˿Ҷ׻ĴԼΪվųҶ˵ͣûҲ飬ң͸ӲˣϷҲȲѲŰϣҪ⣡
ϷʹȥҪ˵ɣ˵泯Ҷ֣Ҷ״˴һʯţһر򿪣һصҲ޾ĺһգ۳Ҷ׵Ľ£һ˹ȥҶ׸ӼᶨĲ
֪ͣ˿кܶʣʵЩҲܹ𣬲ԵǸطж˵ЩŲšһһ˵ƺûаҶֻǵһ벽ߣѾҶװڷŵԼͬ߶ȵʮֻˣ֮ҲżֵĿ϶ѯ档
Ҷ׸治ϵڰߣҲЩ֣δ棬ȷʵԼмͣмЩǴأ
Ҷײϲʱ޵ĺڰ֮ڳһ⣬ڴһܵĳڣŸ˿˵ܾ֮ͣ˵һжԴŵһܡ
ܣҶû뵽˵Ļ˳ָķһǰȥȫĸ֪Ҳʼܱɢͬʱɱ֮ҲҶ׵Ķͷſ֪ΪʲôԽǽӽǹĵطԽܹоϢ
﾿ʲôطҶײҿ϶ܹоԲʲô޴Σա
Ҷ׵󣬶Ҳܹо沢ûк˼Ҷ׵Ȼǿľ衣
ˡһҶ׽뵽ǹ֮ʱһ޴ĽӲӵҳҶ׵ǰһʱĹâ̵Ҷ׵˫ۺʧһʲôֻܹһƬľ
ѵϹˣҶû뵽ĹâȻôǿĹܣһʱҲǶЩ£۾ԽԽӦĹâȻܹǿ֮еһУ߽ҵС
һůůĸо
ԾůůĸоҶܹо󷨸˵ĸоͺɳ̲ɹ̫һ֮ԡĸоһʲôܹůԼ档
Ҷת˿ҪĿеõʲô𰸡
ͣһ󷨣㿴ķİɣ󷨽ᣬĴʼߴ󷨣۹һһڲһ嵱һܹ۹󷨵УϵıԽԽأҶܹоҵ֪̫Ķ˵ʱҶֻվҵУû˵仰
ҵ˼Ȧּ֮˵洴󷨾Ҫ۹Ҫ۹ܹبŴڣΪģһ;
һ;Ȼס۹֮ڵ䲻ɢ۹ڵ飬۹ôڶ;۹ѪսҲ˵һͬʱѪ߶ܹõսĺô


İһʮ Ѫ
ôһ;ΪǾǿ󷨷һǱһУԲ֮ڶǻʾ۷һа벽ʥߣԼΪģ൱ڳʥ۷ȫһ⻰˵ʱѾЩˣҶܹо󷨵˵Щѹжˣ˵һ仰ʱɫ԰ף̲סҡˣϢȣҶ׿¶̲סǰһˡ
⻹һ㣬󷨵ֻܹ˵һңй󷨵ܣԶҲΪʲôҪԭ򣡡˵Щ֮Ѿû̫Ҷ˵ˡ
Ҷ̾˿ڲ֪۹澹Ȼô飬̫͹Ǭ֮ˣ˵ǰǸӣǬֻǼͻĻôڿǬ֮Ѿ۹۹۹֮ļҳͻ۹ĻһǱȽϵģ෴۹ĻΪϢټǬԽԽǿѾнȡ֮뷨Ǭ֮ìѾԽԽˡ
ڵ¾㲻֣۹Ҳᷢ쳣޴ɧңγҲҪǬΪҵʱֱӽʮ˲ɼֶԸǬҲ޵ķʸġ
ǳȥɣѾԽԽˣ潫Լ˵˵꣬Ҷ뿪ҵУһ߳ңҶ׳ܹǵ󷨵һ֮󣬼һϸϸڶ벻ˣҲǴһſε̾Ϣ
֪ͣ˰ɣܾҪ˵Ҳ˵ȥģ죬˵ܹҵһЩ߶ˣ֮⣬һҪһ飬ȥһط˵ɣ̾˿Ҷ뿪ң˳ڵ̨һֱܵĳڣ뿪˴ҡ
Ҷ뿪һ֮󣬾һ棬ǽһյʱ䣬߽һͨʯ棬ȻʯҼªȷʵ˹ŹֵĻƣʯǼΪŨƽʱչĵطˡ
ɣƽʱǲܽģһϵ߽붼󷨵ķӦ˵Ǻܰȫġ̾˿̲ס˵
ҪչҵˣҶѾ׼˵һʱ򣬻ЩĿɿڴû뵽濴ģôôҪˡ
ǰ֪ϵҪ˵ʲô֪ܷһأҶ΢㶣Щ֪˵Ͼһǻʾ۷ߣڿӵ֮壬Ի˵׳ʱҪʼ£ôﻹܹʲôأ
ҶֲԵı飬ҲƸ̾һЩ˵ʵҲҪ£۹ڰ֮һɧһɧ֮۹֮ڵļɴҲ׳ʧɣͬʱʣµҲᱻһЩ峹׿ƣǬĸܻʤӲҪһˣӽߵĺˣϷҲܹϿǱи㣬϶ûˣ
˵ϵıҲ𽥵İ̲ס˵֪ͣ˿кܶʣϧѾûôһһ𣬲ҿԴӦһ죬ҵԴԱãľ棬ͿԼգҲΪˣ
ˣǶɣ滰䣬Ҷ׵߱һ޴ĹȦȦ֮гĸҳϣָָԼߵʯʣĸҵĳһԹԵȥ濴ĸҳ̲ס̾˿
Ǽ²֪ν˼ɣãھ͸ǣλͽҶҵĴˣԺһܲ۹Ϳҵ̬ˣˣǿԳˣ֪Щ˶ĻʲôʣЩ˶Ҷ׵ȴǴ̫ǵĵطˣͱ˵ҶôҲһëͷСӣҲֻǻʾôס
ʱҶ׵ĻٴЩƣһԹʮ˶׼ֱӽҶɱˣҶ׿˿̲ס˵Щҳϲҵģҿɱ𣿡
ƺѾԤϵҶ׵Ļ˵ͷ˵֮㾡ɱ֮ҲκԹԣο֮ҵ죬Ҫɱ˭˭ҵĵˣ㽫ҶңҲȨʣ
棬ôҪ𣬲УҪֹҲҪǰСӸɱˣĻһΪҳϵҳ˵žҪҶףʱһһѱ㽫Ϊҳϸץס
˻ͬһ󾳽֮ϵģѾǰ벽ʥߣνһʥǷˣ뵽ʥ֮Ѿİ֮ˣֱ쳤ûа㲻ʣֱסΪҳϵĲӸ˻
ôҵĻôҵĵˣһҳϲҽһգ֮Ѿ飬ҲѪֱˣЩҵĳһľսٰҶ׸ˣñȸղǸҳϻҪҡ
ߣҰĸҵĸû뵽Ȼһôµ⣬ԺһǱ֮⣬ӴԺ󲻵ýң濴˿ϵѪüͷٴ˵һŷɥĻ
Ϊҳ϶ҳ֮лСɣʣ»м߳ڵûʸЩ߲ĺˣ滹ǺĽһҵĺɱɼҶ׵Ѿﵽʲô̶ˡ
泹׽Ѫɾֽ֮˵ˣҶײҵĹͣҲδ棬ĻҵĻҸѪ䣬ǣ·ѪΥ˼˲Ϣ֮佫Ǹ𣡡
ԭЩҳ϶˼ЩִһЩʱɵˣ֪Ѫ便ʲôжɱϧʵǵλǱݣ涼ǵ̫ˣҪҲֻͽ޹ѡ
Ը⣡ҳϼԼѾ޷ı뷨ֻܹڵּˡ


İһʮһ ̽
νѪ䣬ǽѪӡԼ˵嵱УԽѪƾõѪҺѪķ϶ȾԽһʩչѪ䣬൱ӵɱȨͬһȥɱЩոճӤһûκλ֮ҪԼʩչôҵЩ˸ûжٷͻᱻҶơ
ˣԼľѪһҶѪһѪҪҶ׵ģзôѪķɽҳɱҶ׵ҲЩѪŵ棬һǬ֮ͻӴѪ䡣
ɣҶ׿Լǰҳϣ̲ס̾
лͣΪѪЩҳѾ޷Ҷײһ˿Թһ˿ԹҲڣǵҶ׵ĵλѾһˡ
ˣȥɣ˰֣ΪҳҲʧӰ١ʱŰԼĿתƿҶףˣѾˣܹΪĶѾˣͿˣҪľסһ󷨣һֱȵǬһսʤϣӮ
ҶܹоѾǱűľģԼ󷨵УԼûбҪȥȰ˵ˣ֪ԼԲô򵥵飬ȻЩ˵֮澹ȻԼĿڴȡһ򽻸Ҷ˵ҵһЩٶ涼ǵʣµӦö֪ôȥͲ˵ˣ
潫һиҶ֮󣬱㳹׽Լ۾ϣ뵽һֿռŵ״̬ҶҲ£뿪չصĵط뿪һ֮󣬾͸оһҵĻζô뵽ɽ֮У֮ǰһΪһˡ
ͣ룡Ҷ״Ĺ߳ΪҳϸϽǰµĽҶ뵽´ЩҳɵҲ֪ԼӦôˡ
Ҷȴû˼ȥĦǽԼ˼ȫһ֮ϣһֻһͨ򣬵һ֮ҲŨŨΧ滹󷨵ӡǰΧһԵüΪۣҶ׽ֻǰбЩҳϵעӣǺԴû˵ʲôԼλϵϵҶ׷
´ԭǸҵ׼ģҶѾΪеĹͣԺȥҲҪɴ˾ЩҳֻܹʱСİˡ
Сֻ֮һԲЩΪҳҲ֪˵ʲôֻܹҶԼ˵ˡ
ȥˣҶ׻ûд֮ѹԽĳУҵļ϶Щסˡ
ɱ𣿡ͻȻһǻʾڵҳϳס˿ԭĸֻʣִϣҪ̽һǵ˼ִ϶ʱԣЩԭ׼ԾԾԵҳϲʵһЩ˲֪ҽִϿǺѾҶѪһҶˣǵѪ֪ǱɣôҳȥɱҶףɸɱʲô𣬲ҲûɵֱӴԼĿġ
ʱֹ죬ҶײǻĳֳԵѹû뵽оȻôϢǱ˿¾һʱҲδܹꡣ
Ҷ׳ѹʱҲǽĿ⿴ΧЩҵĳϣλ֪ѾҹѾȴĲͷˣ춼Ȳǵôܹ͵סʥ³ӵļįأҪΪѾʵôˣʵ׷һߵľ磬ϣܹһ⣡
Ҷ׵˼ôЩҳϸֻ֮Աǣ˼ôЩҳϵıһչˣǵѾʼ˼Ҷ˵Щˡ
ˣҲˣǵĿҲѾҵõĽ㣬ûһܹһɽԽ黹һɣ˵Ҷ׾Ҫ뿪Ҷ׵ĻЩҳһԲԸˣȻǻʳڵʵǿɲִͬһҶףִҲҪҶ׾ʲôʵȻ˵ôĻǿֻҪҶײôϵѪȻᷢ
ˣҶ׿⼸ҳ϶ԼǰʱЦһִЦ˵ôǵĴ֮ҲһѪվӲˣ
ѪƣҶҲ֪ʲôطѧĸӡǰִϵ˲ǵͨ죬ǵ徹ȻߵҶ׵ĸǰҶ׿ִϾӣЦ˵λǲҪףЩҵĳͳͳɱأ
ҡִû뵽Ѫ侹ȻôһҶ׿ƣǸûа취ȥ⣬ִϾȻҶ׿Ƶ˵仰
ִϾȻҶ׿ƣͻȻЩʧأһЩҳ϶һҶҪҶ
ʱִϾȻܹ˵ˣִͬʱȣס֣
ִϵĻЩҳ϶վԭЩ֪룬һִ֪ѪĻԣҶҪʮŲȥġ
ߣִһ̲ס˵
ߣִϵĻһЩҳϲ˵ˣǶû뵽ִϻ˵Ļһҳվʵִϣ˴ҵܣһôߣѵľ͵𣿡
ЩҳһȻҲǺܴ󣬵ƽҲҪһٶ꣬һЩ쵽ˣΪʲô¹飬ǲмںһСôģŴƺʲôҪ꣬һǲģҲҪŪס
һҿ˵Ѿսˡ
ЩҲФû뵽һûǾҳһˣЩ϶Щʱڳ˵ǰ
ڣ֣ЩҳϸϽվһߣﻹ֮ǰŰӡ
Ҷ΢΢Цӣ̲ס̾˿˵ӣҰ


İһʮ ʿ
桭֮Щҵĳ϶ʱһĿɿڴĿ쳤̾ͬѪһᣬҳһǹڵ̲ס
Ҫ֪һ˵һϿԱƽ˾˵һ˵ʵϾ൱ھ֧һûĴڣ̨ˣôζ嶼Ҫʧ澹Ȼ쳤̾ޱңʱЩһӲһƬһ𣬺Ҫһ
ҳһڵϣʱ̾һ˵עĹͣû뵽ǲԹ˲ΣҶԹʹõѪ䣬Ҫѹɱ˲Ÿİ
Ҳգͣʹ˰ˣԺҵ޹أҵȨֻҪ滹ڣͿԾȥҲϧ˵һʱҵ˲ڵϲͣĿͷ
ͻȻ뵽ʲôЩҵĳ˵ǵȥɱ֪ͣҵһǵˣңҴӴʧ֮䣡
ޱȵңû뵽˽ǧĴջҪʧԼСΪҶ̲סȰ˵ǰʵûô⣬ЩҳҲֻһʱ嶯ѣģҶǲôģֻϣ´ҵʱ򣬻ܹ
Ҷ״ԼĿڴͳ׷籦ϱ֮Ҷױ뿪ң濴ҶʧıӰ֮лһ˸е顣
Ҷ֪֮ôϣҵЩܹԼӴõԼΣϧЩҳһǹۿ˵ͣһҶǻʾûдﵽ㲻ٺҶ̸̫ȴûԼľ޴ǱҲûʲôϵÿ˶ͬôԼҲûˡ
׷ϱ֮Ҷױ뿪ңҪĿ֮ǰ˵ڵУȥһЩܵˡ
Ҷ˵Ҫÿһ鶼밵ɱܲɷֵĹϵеʱԼΪ˰ɱ⻹ܹΪһɱΪɱĵ˻̫ˡ
ڱ֮ϣҶһԼĴ㣬һ߿Լɱ¼Լľ飬ԼʵԼɱһǿߵõľԽԽ٣ɱһǻʾߵõľҲʼЩˮˡ
ǰɱһ벽ǧֻǧˣڵľҲѾʮˣǻʾȻһЩҲ֮ǰôңңڵģֵӦǻʾڣϧ֪Ϊʲôɱ¼ûǻʾڣĻڵʵѾﵽõľ磬ҲҪЩǻʾ׷ɱˡ
ҵõɱ¼ⱲӾӦȥ·ˣҶ׽е飬ﰵ̾һ˵صĲǱĶһǬйص鱨⻹ΪʼЩĽ飬ŴӦǷһ飬ѾҪȻǽ߾µΪһһЩʵ鱨Ҳҳ֣һ鱨ٿϽöֻǿϧǾҪ鱨Ҳûô磬鱨Ҷ˵ļֵȻҲ޷͹Գˡ
ӣʮǱˣҶ׽֪ݣа̾Ҳû˵ʲô̫ķϻֻһ㳯ķȥ
һҪɱĶ֮ˣһҪɱģ벽֮⣬˶ǻߣѾﵽǻʾСɣЩȻǬ²ǼΪؼǵķҲǷǳؼģУЩ߶ռ˾صĵλһЩۻȫɱǬһֻϻĻצ֮Ͼ൱һצ⣬ԽʵٴôһҲĳЩϰﵽˡ
׷籦֮вϷУȻٶȱ˵ǲ˺ܶ࣬Ǳͨͨ˵ȴǿ˲٣Ҷ׾ô׷籦֮ϣ˲һʱ֮ڽһ߷֮ϣҵҲԶҶҪҵıһֱǱڲҵļҵܻ벽ʡ
ǧǲҸһСĳǳأΪвұӻչԽԽ󣬾ͺ۹ķչһûǬ֮һսҶײ󣬲ҵδǲȡ۹ԭ֮׵ǮҳΪ۹ʵ壬ǬһսǬҪǬƣʵҲ۹һδϴĹ̡
ŪЩ֮󣬾Ҷ׶˵ķҲǲ޸̾Ͼ˵ԼΧ֮ڵ鱾Ͳȹ̣ȻһƽƵĵܵܣǵĻȻܵʱ򣬻ҪԼĳһգֱҪеѹͻһ׼Ҫˮһսˣ˳˵ǷӣûõĽ͡
ֻҶҲܹĳⲻǬķҲķҵﵱУ񣬿Զûгͷ֮գҶײ֪ΪʲôԼ뷨ܹо֮ڱ˵һûоᱻ̭ûоⲻһɼ֮дʲô̵滷ˡ
һҶǧǣһҪ󷨵ӣһҲҪǱڲҸһЩˣ鱨棬ѾһǻʾڵĻߺĸ벽Ǳ˲ңĿľҪӲҵ󷨣֮ûɸǿĻߣҪҲ²ǰӶ𲻱Ҫ鷳
֮⣬۹֮лһ󷨵Ĺؼ֮ıˣֻҶ׻ҪȥϾҲ۹Ļ壬ĵ̾ǧûҲûгʧĹִǬٶĻҲҪĥһʱпܰʱ֮ҶҴһ顣
ұϾңҪ볤ǲͬǰĴҡڣҪһݵģȴҲôѵãҵҲôö֮Ľ뵽ˡ
Ҷ׽뵽ǧ֮󣬱㿴˲ǧǵһ޴Ĺ㳡˵ǲҵʿ֮ˣÿ꣬ÿ£ÿﶼд߾ۼһҪҾܹɵʲôĸ֣һҲҪŴӲͽҶ׵һҲżվԱߵſĺϷ


İһʮ ص
ĸϺ˵ҵŮ򽫻һƬ½֮Ķҵ˸ߴǿĵ˻ĸңЩǿǰϺҲһֻ϶ѡ
ȻûԼ׵Ļǽ仰ԭԭĸ߸ҶףҶ׵ʱҲֻǵ˵ͷѣҶЩȴǰٰζͨķҲһҶұ֮ŭԣԸʶ䣬ʵǲܣ۽̫С̫Сˡ
һμȥˣʵȻȹȥҲûз츲صı仯ڻҪ͵۽Ǳȹȥܹ࣬һЩȥûп飬˿֪ԭԭڵҶЩҲһ΢һЩ϶ѣϺһƹʮ۹ЩĴǰʲôֻǴһĳӶѡ
ҵʵ̫һҴﵽ½ʱ򣬻ܹһЩʲôǸʱҶұԭŻᱻҵɣһϣҪ̫ˣҶ̾˿ڳǹ㳡ȥ
޴Ĺ㳡֮һĸ򣬵һһʯӣɲͨʯӣЩʯ涼һЩĻƣÿһЩʯӵʱЩʯϵĻƣ˸һЩ⻨ƣҶһ۱㿴ʯӵá
ЩʯһһʯӣֻҪʯܹʯ⣬Ȼҵ˾ͻʯĴСж߾㣬ڶǹԪʯӣ鵤ʯӣĸǱʯӣǻʾʯӣʥʯӣǻʾʯӶ˾𣬸˵ǴʥߵǸʯˡ
ڵڶŵһľˣʯһȻΪľˣЩľ˵Ϊ࣬ٵʥߣЩľ˵þЩԹ߱ƴʵҲ˵һԹؾͿľ˱ƴÿһδľ˵ϣľ˾ͻᷴһЩһֱ߾ƣ߽ľ˴򵹣߱ľ˴λãȻҲЩʵֱ̫ӱľ˷ҲС
˵һľͰľͰиɫҺ壬ľͰһֱʥ߱˵ľ裬һָ״СûУƫƫȴôһطʥߵġ
˵ĸڲҰ칫ĵطˡ
˻ڹʱһ󺺴Ⱥ֮˲ųҶ׵Ҳһͨ߶ѣմȺ֮߳Ȳߵʯ˫һϾһʯӱ󺺺ݺݵһ
ٵʱԽʯ֮ĹâҲԽͬһֱʯϵĹâܹˣ󺺲ŲĵĽʯ
ڶɣڴ󺺽ʯӳȥʱһб񾳵߰Ѵ󺺸˹ȥ󺺿˿һľˣݺݵȥͬʳһ
顱һľһӽ󺺷˻ȥʮֲģٴȥľٴηˡ
顭
ʮηˣϵ˿ԽԽ࣬һֱ嵱еù⣬󺺲ǹ˵ϡ
ţҲ㲻Ȼ㣬ս鵤ͿδǱˣ߰Ѵ󺺴һߡ
ʱһֱڿֵ˶ʼ
ЩʲôʲôսʲôǱô
ǰЩô棬һߵսǱܹĳ˵ֻǾһܹţ
һ߶Ǵ˷ֵģʵҲÿ춼Ὺţÿ²ʽһΣЩţÿι۵ȴ԰ټˡ
۷׷׵ʱһȽ˽ΪԼϽԴ˵ǻǸĶﲻ̫˽⣬ʯרܹʯձ߾ٵʱ򣬾˵Ǳܳױѹ淢ĹâĲΣ˵鵤ȥٹԪʯգɫͻ᳹׺͸ûаصĻᣡ
پľˣʵǿľϣͻᷴķȣԽǿ߾Խʹ򣬷Խ߾ԽǲʹǿĹȥԼΪǿģǶǱ£˵ǿԽɱеģ˵ƫƫߵЩҲĽζҲǶ˼ֵĺøС
˵ľͰ֮ϣѹޱص˵ľͰĵװŵҺǱˮνǱˮװһߵԲǱһֱһǱˮ뵽˵棬ͻзӦǱˮɫԽ˵ǱԽ٣෴Ļп
Ȼһ˵ǣǱˮԽǳ˵һʱԽֻ̣Ǿж̣ҾͲˣ˵˼֪ͣµҲѾû̫ĶԴˡ
ʱ֮ǰĴѾҵ˴˵ĵطһҵ߿ʼ󺺵ϵǱˮǱˮڻϵɫԽԽղǱƽƽⱲֻܹڲһΪ̶ͨСͷĿˡˣвӦҲһЩԵˡ
󺺲Խ֮мǰȥԣǵһЩ˳ɼȴ󺺺ãҲһЩ˳ɼȴ󺺻磬һϰ˽˲ԣ෴ܲԵ˵ǲࡣ
ʱҶͻȻԼһһ˫۾ѾԼˣҶŤͷһۣͿɫЩ԰׵˳ԼҲܻôЦſҶף˿һ֮ɫ԰׵˲żǼʯӸǰ
ǰ˲Զǿ׳֮¾ԵС˺ܶ࣬һ־ֱʯӣ˶ޱȵĳԾҶҲǾЩĿɿڴû뵽Ǹɫ԰׵˾Ȼһǻʾߡ
СӣваоͱȥǿСһСİԼˣɫ԰׵˱ߵʯӣһʼԵǸ󺺶ʱЦ
ϣڲһǿҪǰʱ򣬲һ벽ֱӽǿ߸ȻЦЦ˵ȿҪ̫ż
ǣϣǿ߲һ£ôѵⶼЩˣȻô˵ˣǾ԰ɣ
˻
ͣʱ˾Ȼûȥʯӣ˴ǿߵʯӸǰվ˾ͿЦЦȻȽʯӸһʱȻ


İһʮ 
ˡɫ԰׵˽ʯӾɫԽԽһֱɫܹʱʯӲŴ˵̿ޱȣʵȴǾĶǣ˵УʯԭζһֱԱ߿ŵĲҳҲЩŵĿɫ԰׵ˡ
ɫ԰׵˾ȻǸԭǻʾ߲ܹõʯ
ʱԭһЩûʲôĵҲǰԼеעϣͿ΢ЩĽʯӸ߾ͿʯɫȻı仯ˣǾ֮ʯӵɫô仯Ҳǳɫ
ɫ԰׵ƺҲʶԼѾ̶ֳȣǽʯӷԶԾ˵ڶԵ򣬿һ߹ȥǲҵĳܹȥˣҵĴСһҲүүһΧɫ԰׵߲ͣ꺮ů
Ҫ֪еļ֮ԼѪµģһǿߣԸҵߣǩѪԼǾǲҵˣɫ԰׵Ūһʱ֮󣬾ǲҵĳϣʱЩСһλǻʾ߳ǰ¾ǱϥǲùϵԺŪҪԴһΪ벽ߵĲҳҲǷǳġ
ɫ԰׵ߵڶǾֱߵǸľ׮ԱߣʹȻСֱÿһδľ׮֮϶ľ׮һľ˳͵ײ˹ľ˵ٶȼ֮ǰٶȵܺͻҪ
˸ոտûãɫ԰׵˺ľ֮սˣɷԱ߿ֵһǴ̾ûпӣ֪ЩܹѾǲˣĻһ֣߳Щ˲Ǳ࣡
˵ɫ԰׵ռһƺ«С̨ԱߣһС«澹Ȼɳһ㵭ɫҺ뵽ɫ԰׵嵱Уת˲䣬ɫ԰׵ȫһһҺȫȫ
ԤϵˣվԱߵĲҳϿ̾ʲôִɫɫ԰׵˵츳úܶ࣬ǴǺѽʥߣǽǻʾɻһ߻ᣬǻʾСɰһһЩҲ̫࣬˵ǻʾλܹˡ
ˣǸһƣҾʹȥңԺ˵ǲҵĳϣϣղ֮ҳʮֿĽԼеƵ˳ȥɫ԰׵˽ӹЦЦû˵ʲôվһߡ
ҳҲƽϣϾ˸ղžȷʵҲʧ˲˵ҲʧΪ˽ύһǻʾЩȻ̵ġ
ɫ԰׵ߵһߵʱͻȻĿ⿴ҶߣĿ⿴Ҷ׵ʱ򣬲֪ΪξȻһ˿ϷŰҶͻȻЩ֡
ѵʶ𣿡ɫ԰׵˹Ҷ̲סܿ뷨ͱˡ
ʱɫ԰˶Ҷ˵͵ܣﲻΪ˽ң˶Ѿˣ㻹ŤŸʲôȻ㲻ҵΪߣҲǰ벽ߣҪΪȴˣ
ɫ԰׵˵⻰ʱԭҶ۷׷׵һӶ˵һߣǲҶױˣԼղ۵鱻Ҷ״ߵĶ棬һҪɱǣЩͨһܲˣοвҳЩ˲ܸͲ
Ҷû뵽ɫ԰׵˾Ȼôգһ룬ԼҲҪ뵽ңȻԷԼռˣԼֶΪأ
뵽ҶױŷǸǿߵʯԱߡ
һҵĳϣֵЩ߿Ҷ߿һڵ·׷ҲҶױϾǶСҶƤƵĻڶǰˡ
ˡһһʯձҶʮɵľ͸ʯɫһֱ͸ٱȻһֱµʱȻָֻһЩɫûбղŽҶ׵ʵλ벽ߡ
Ҷ־˵ڶľˣ˵˵۾һЩ
ԭҶᣬǿߵļʻܴ󣬵ʱҪڼʮɣϾ벽ףЩ˿ϰ궼ѽߣ̫һӶ˰벽ˣǶҶȻԺܴģȴäĿġ
һʱ䣬Щ˶İԼ滻Ҷ׵ϣͿһСǱˮ뵽ҶһЦ֮Ҷ׵ɫ徹Ȼʼɫһ̶֮󣬾ȻԽԽǳһֱɫʧ֮Ҳûа㷴ӳˡ
һӣЩ˶Ҷ׵ĹѾ˵Ԥϣζû뵽Ҷ׾Ȼʱпܽǻʾ˵ʵǷͬСɰ
һҶʵһֱվڲ԰ɫߵĲҳץסһƨĻᣬ˵ϴˣû뵽츳ĵܵҲˣǹϲˣ
ɫ԰׵Ա߲ҳϵķ֮󣬶ʱЦЦ˵㲻ԱƨϲʵˣԺֵܹĺһЩ֮ҲһЩģˣҽСӽҶӣ
Ҷʱ򣬰ѾҶ׵ָҶ΢ԥһ£ǵ˵ͷĬˡ
ֻû뵽ǣԼ־Ȼôͱ˸ӶԷԼӦʶԼģ˾˭أ
Ҷ뵽ң뵽ڶ˵ֻˣǵѣҪһһˡ
Ҷ֮ͨеҲ׷ǰܲԣܿİҲ͹ȥˣžǲЩ½ڲǧμ򵥵ϴ磬ǲǽӷϴˣǽҽܰˡ
Ϊһγ˰Ҷ֮⣬ڳǿҲ鵤ϴ˾ƵķҶ׺ͰʼһԲֻҶȾƣֻһ־ƺ֮˿˿ɫԽ԰׵İûٸɾƣŪϴҲǺܿͽɢˡ
һרΪҶ׺Ҷר׼ĸصĵУµһƷζӲҳŪһƿ𣬿Ҷȴû˼ȾƣǿŰ˰죬ǰЩĵĿ˿Ҷε˵˵ҶӣϸûŮʲôʰɣ


İһʮ ˾ͽ
˭ûµһƫƫҶײȥ飬ͺĳһĻдŨŨŭ֪ΪʲôҶǾǰ˰ƭˣԷ˵һ衣
˿ҶףЦЦ˵ˣ֪ƭߣʵҲǲŸոע⵽ģˣҶǸ£бҪŪôӲ
ѻ˵ҶϵıٲһЩɵҲ֪ǰ߾˭ˡ
ǺǣҲû뵽ŽȥˣʵȻ˵ĵزٹ֮󣬶սʤǬо޴ӰɣҲ˴һЩջҶףЩȤ˵
ʲô𣿡Ҷ֪Է˵Ļû٣㽫ԼľҲһطʼϾԾƺȤҪȶ԰ȤҪһЩ
ǺǣĿĺԣҪҳǬڲҵļ϶Ūò⼸вǬҪѪϴҵأԼλϣһߺеƣһµ˵
ŶѪϴңѵ²ƴ𣬸οʼ壬ҲռڵƲǶǬԽԽ𣿡ĻҶҲЩ˼˵
֪Ҷ״˿Ϊʲôô룬ʵӵʱҲôģһ֮£һЩڲҶպ«ư˵ҲδأȻǷǬģڲķԶԶûôǿңҲڲĻ࣬ڲҵȴ޼ǲһ벽ʥѹ󣬿²Ѿ߽ˣҵĿĲԲҵİ벽ʥߣԲǱϵɣ
Ҳ˵ģΪصֶεõ鱨鱨¾ҲǺŪģ̾˿֪Լûʲô˵ģ¥صԼķеƣҶԼλϲͣ˼Ųҵ顣
ұƿأôһʱĿ϶ǬùľңΪǬһס˲ңôȻңԶҲҪԸˡ
壬ҿ϶ҪԸǵģʱҲûˣһЩֶΣǬʮġ
ɲֻҪЩϸô򵥣Ҷ׿ֻ˵һЩ޹ؽҪصԼķ䣬ҶױµһЩΪ޵ݣȴ²ԸǬɱʲô
һҶ׶̫ȥģΪ˵ĿֻɱǼǱҵļ϶ͰڵһģڲұҵЩìܣҶ׾Ϊˡ
ˣһȥϢɣҶڷѾͺͻصԼ棬һϹȥת֮͵˵ڶ졣
һβյ˲Ȼ࣬Ҳʮˣд󲿷ֶԪ鵤٣񾳼ûУʣµľҶ׺Ͱˡˣܹе񾳻ҲҳϲСĹ͡
һе棬еƥһвʮˣڲҳϵĴºܿһ޴ɽŸǰһɽŲνǧ׸ߣͺһֻѪڵľһʮߵվŵĸǰҲСһ˵Ҷͨˡ
λϾǲҵˣǲҵÿһǻʾڵʵ˭СȥֱӾͻᱻ˺Ƭġ˵ƥ޴ɽ֮ǰʱ˵۾ʱƺЩ˸ȥǾ͸ƥһ˺Ƭ
ͷ˻֮ƥھ˵Ŀ֮ҲʼñЩ߸ϽҶ׺ͰҲǴܿЩƥҵ˴ߣԴ˵۾Żָԭɻ˯ӡ
߾ǲҵԺˣΪһһǻʾڵĻߣһ벽ߣ֮ԨԴҳϵĽҲǸһ·ϲҳϼҵഫŹ½ҶҲ棬ǰҶߺûʲôӦһ
Ҷ֪϶ѾϣЩ컨׹ĶȤģҲûܿһ˾˲ҵĺĹУҶ׿˲ʮҵĻ߾ۼЩ߻϶ǻʾڣûʵǿĻˡ
˾ͽϣѾˣڲҳϰЩ˴һ֮һǻʾߴ˳Ҷһ߾ȻǻʾСɵʵǻʾڵĳϵΪҪԸһ
˾ͽϿ˿ҳ֮󣬱˵ͷ˵ˣ˿ˣ
ҳ˾ͽϵĻϽһͷһ̵ˣͺ˾ͽܹһڰһʵҲˣ˾ͽڲȻֻһĳϣȨѾԶһĳҪһЩˣЩεĳϸǰѾǴˡ
˾ͽϿҶֻ΢̾˿Ц˵û뵽ԽԽˣȻԸһһߺһ벽ߣ˵ɣǾ洳ʲôҪұأ˵ǣҪˣǻСĵΪã
˾ͽϵĿֻҶ׵΢ͣһ£㽫Ŀ⿴˰Щֵ˵СӣǾϵϢֵֹģ˵ɣʲôܣҪұ˵
˾ͽϵĻǻʾ߶̲ס˺˼ͺʲôµһҶܹоŪ˾ͽʲôãƽʱĥĥĲᣬˣЩǻʾڻ߲˺ʱһǰƺһףȻվԭغ˾ͽ϶š
ŶĻһ㶼֮ˣҿɫҰ׿Ҳǲɣǲʲôʲô綾Ƕˣ˾ͽϲⶾˣ˵ɣ˾ͽƺԼ˵ĻԣһЦ˵
û뵽˾ͽ˵ĻڶԷ˵⻰֮󣬰ֻЦһ˵˾ͽϣοʧˣɫŴģӣ㲻Ҫҽⶾ
˵ŰҶߵһߣûµһԱߡ˾ͽĻֻ΢һ£ָֻ֮ǰޱӣıûҶ׺ͰҲЩҪǵˣλ֪һЩΪ˱ѵģҲһЩ˺һ﴿Ϊ˵õôġ


İһʮ ҵ
ʲôĿԽ뵽󷨵𣿡˾ͽϵĻЩϵıһùû뵽ŵǵʵˣЩǻʾڵĻ߱ϾһСˣǵĻ֮г˾ϲӱȴû̫ı仯
˾ͽϿЩһͷӶӣʱҲЦ˵ǺǣҺһǲҵ峤ϣʮǰҾ뵽󷨵УʮȥҶջȻĿϧһҵʵֻ̫ǰ벽ߣĻڵʵпܴﵽǻʾɡ
˾ͽϵĻЩ߶ʱ˷˼֣˾ͽϽĻʱ뵽⼸ʹ൱СЩһЩѪɫ˾ͽ̲ס˵ȻҪ뵽󷨵УλҪһЩƵĵҩˣλ˼룬ֱӸǴۣۣ
ЩǻʾڵĻһ·ӣ˾ͽȻںƴĺţһС͵Ĺֻʣ˾ͽϺҶװˣնʱЩȴںȻޱĿ˾ͽ˵˾ͽϣΪƵĵҩжôأû뵽Ҳ˶ѣ˶ܹˣܸ˵˵ҵ𣿡
ǺǣҲãֻλܲȿƵĵҩǻ˰ɣ˾ͽϿҶ׺Ͱ׼뿪ʱ˾ͽϻʮǵĴסԼ뷨
ʱ˾ͽϲ̾˿˵ʵģ۹Ȼ罨壬嵱һҪһЩǲҵȴЩ嵱һָģҶԲҲʮּɻ䣬ԴӲҵｨ֮󣬱㷢һص󷨣󷨵оȻѺһЩֵĶЩʵȻǿᣬҲǻʾʵ˵󷨵ͨĳصĿռ䣬ﻹиЩֵĶ
ܲҹЩҾӦúһʿֻһĴڰˣ˾ͽ˵ЩʱϵıҲԵԽĲȻһЩҶ׺ͰԴûκηӦ෴˾ͽϵĻȴʮָȤ
˾ͽ˵һ¶һεıּ˵ʵҲ֪һ㣬һ֮ǽ뵽󷨵ЩսʱⲻһսǲЩҩ
˾ͽϻҪ۵ҩʱҶ׺ͰŤͷ뿪˾ͽϵĸǰ˾ͽ̾ǶţӽûлῪˣһ뵽һ֮ϰٰ벽ǻʺǻʾ߽Ҫ뵽Ǹ󷨵УԼڴдĵҩֶһЩõЦݡ
ˣЩʶĶҾƾЩҩģڲ򣬵ʱ¾ҪϰٱǮˣʱӲ˻أţӦȥʲôطǸϼһģ˾ͽ뵽ʲôʶһתˡ
Ҷ׺Ͱ˾ͽõƱû˾ͽǰһֱʲôһξ֮Ҷ˵ˣ֣û뵽㾹Ȼôܣ²˾ͽ˵Ҳ֪һôһأ
Ҷ˵ЩʱϵıҲЩջ𣬱ϾͰˣûиܹ˵ĹȥϾҲ֪ܹ˵Щˣ
Ҷ׵Ļϵûε˵ǺǣһΪ֪أȷʵĲܣûи㣬ߣȥҵĸۡǺúģ
֪ҶǹвҲûƭĽҶ״˲ҷָǵĸۡ棬ֱ־ͺҶĺֵһϸҶĺһһֻҶ׿Ҫһӡ
ŰԼƷڸۡ󷨵У󷨵ĴűĴˣ֮ҶױͰ뵽⸮ۡ棬ֻһͨ󷨣ҲԸһϵܷкܴǷȱٿǿһܵĹˣаαװıжȥ
Ҷ֣֪㻹ڹҵûаʵ㣬ʵҲпԵģһΪ󷨣һΪڲҵļ϶ֻ󷨿ʱǳĲ̶Ҳûʲôĺ㱣֤ĻôܲһʱأˣҲûаԼΪͱֵ£ֱӱ㽫ƺ;ƱͳԼһȥ
Ҷϵܣ˵۹⼸ȷʵƯ֮ǰ㲻̫ϣҲǼȵĹ䣬û֪϶һʱ֪ͨҰе㣬ôģڱ˵Ҳˣһ߰οҶףһߺžƺľơ
Ȼֵʮֳϻ̳Ͽ֣Ҷܹо˵Щ˳Ϊ˰ҶԷҲȷʵûаԼҪ֪ɵҲ׻ߺͰ벽֮ģҲǾԼһ׸ɣ
뵽Ҷ׶ʱЦ˼ûһ˳Ÿۡ¥ȥҶ¥жʱһĨɱ˵ɱҶײǾ֮֮ͣûɱҶֻǲҪһЩҪ鷳ѡ
һ벽ΪԼж˲СӰ࣡ȻôģȴûйıֳȻһεԼλ϶ƴеơ
ൽ˵ڶ죬ߵ¥֮ϿȻڸ¥󷨵Ҷף̾˿˵ˣһöƷҩԻָǻʾڻһżֵʮö͸ģ
ɵӣҶȻΪϱ˺ܹܶ࣬оҶܹô̵ʱ֮ĸƲɵ񣬱ضй˵ǣһ˺һһֱȻɱУҶֻһ벽ߣ˵һЩ鷳أοбɲʱǵꡣ
ڰѵҩҶףҶûзӦʱ򣬰ֽ˵ȻⵤҩȤҾ˵˵ҵһЩɣ
Ȼ˵ҵһЩ飬Ҷײ۾ſˣͻȻоǰҪĻҪѲһЩЦ˵ұһصļ壬뵽۹ҲΪ˶ܳңΪʲôһûʲô̫ġ


İһʮ 
ֻôȥˣһһԵõ͵ҵСԾĻ廹ΪҪûˣЩĺĲȴ֪Ҳûû䷴ӵϡ
ҲЩչܲɷ֣ͬʱЩЩյĻҲźܴϵģ˵ʱ򣬰һܹ̾оŪҲȥ޻أϾֵ鱨ĿսһսҶ׺Ͱܹġ
֮⣬Ҿжǻʣ鱨ʮʮҶжϣֻǲջߵɡ
ЩʲôҵϵӵʵҲǲϣ紫ŵĲұҪЩջ߶ЩʵЩ߽Ҳᾭʵʱ̣ͬʱҲҽҵһźţֻĿǰҵİ벽ʥ߾᲻֣һ˵һ߿Ҷ׵ıƺҪҶ﾿ʲôϧҶͶԼƿѾԶԶ˻ߣһ벽ʥˣҲδܹҶ׵ҵ˿ġ
ҶЩ֮һ˼ӣ̲ס˵Ȼô˵ҵʵӦñʵҪǿΪʲôǬҪң֮壿
Ҷ׵Ļҡҡͷ˵ô򵥵ģͬǰ벽ʥߣҴҵ󣬾ǧ궼ûгֹʥߣƾĵ̣İ벽ʥôܱȲҵİ벽ʥİ벽ʥߺֹܿܲһλҪֵ֧ǻߣôСĻǬ϶һҪ塣
˵Щ˿ҶףƺҶʵЩܰ׳գòץסһδҶ׵ĻȻҲŹǳǵѡֺڼûȥ̼Ҷףֻ΢͸¶һЩ䳰ȷͺҶ״ΪȨһЩҶ׻ûбҪƽϣֻЩԼڲҵİΣʵʵһЩɡ
ҵҪˣҶڴ̲ס˿̻б飬ڽҶذסֵУ߳˸֪ۡʲôȥˣҶȻҲԼ顣
ΪһʱĶߣҶ׳Ū֮⣬Ū˲ٵĲϣЩȫȻܹ죬ǶԸһЩ߻ûģ˵ܹɱ˵ڲҾлǻʾǿ¹ԣõǳ֮⣬̰ͼҪõǳǱѾǻʾɾͻ߰ҵǱСûн뵽ǻʾʱɱֻõһ벽ߵľ飬Ȼ̫ˡ
ʮľ飬ֻҪɱǻʾڵĻ߾ܹ⣬ɱһǻʾСɵĻ߻һЩǻʾأǲ֪ʲôʵɱģҲֻܹڻ֪ҵʵһлСʧɱģܹһ벽ʥߣ
ҶﲻϵٴС̣жȴûаٻŲҵĵ·һֱߵɽǰһ޼ʵɽһɽ˵Ҳ˵Ҳ㳤˵ԼеıһɽؿжɽӵͨһһɽܹƺҪʲôһֻǧȥ˲ｨҾûʲô̫ĻˣҶ֪ﻹһص󷨣Ҳѽϵһ
Ϊ󷨵ԭڲһһЩصģصλþҵĺܽĵطҲûȫգҶվڵĵطͲǲҽصķΧ֮ڣػһξ룬ĿıҪҵһĵطԸԼ飬ʣµĶʮǺˡ
˵ҵճϵλͨĲҹҪһЩٺ»һ㶼ǿЩճԼȥ׬ȡͬҵϵһÿ¶й̶ٺ»˲һܹôճ£һΪҲƴ֣һҲΪڲҵ֮⻹һƬ֮أһЩΪĹޣҼÿ¶ҪһΣĹǧƣϰǻҲδܹĹɾ˵Ǻİޣ࣬Щ޶пͻ󷨵Ľ֮ϡ
ЩӦ۹ģǲｨңǿȴе񣬸˷˼ǣҵûΪЩ͹Ϊսн޺ͺսƣĲҵһֱû̳УϺҲûȤȥһЩֻа벽ʥߵļ壬ҲòչôʢǬҪӲͷһЩѵġ
Ҷ׼һƬɽһȽεĵطʱͻȻоһģӰĴҶ׵ûᣬ뵽һʯ棬ļɲ֮ҲǱúʯһļӲ嵱еЩҲǺܿή
ԽԽ΢΢Χʯûκ𣬽ֻмʱ䣬һߴҶ׵ĸ֪ĵط˹˿Χƺûعļ߲˿̲סһ䣬ּһɽȥ
飡ԽԽԶҶҲǻĸȥ֪Ϊʲôܹоһʲôűˡ
ƺ֣ǿ˾䣬ʲô紵ݶ̲סŴһŸҼ·һӵʱ䣬߱һʮƫƧĵط߱һʯϢڵʲôˡ
һʱӣԶִһߵϢֻһϢǳ΢Ҷɱ֮ۺͼӳֵĻҲô͸ӦߵϢ
ˣҶ׸еϢԽԽŨܣһǻʾ۷߳Ҷ׵ĸ֪棬ҶһӱжϳҵˣŨŨĺڰϢǸһϢĸо
ҶѾãֻǾ忪󷨵ʱ仹ûȷѾһŵˣ¸³ǿʱ򡣡ʱڴӵ֮վؾصվԱ˵
ͨ͸¶ǿϢҶҲжôΣա


İһʮ 
ʵһֹٽףһ˵ֻл߲ſԳͷ컹ҪһЩֻκδﵽ˱۷嶼ԳΪͷ죬һ͵Ŷӻֻ֯һͺһֻ֧һͳ˧һһ˵һǿͳʮϻߣġĳ֣ҶܹжϳοڲͶ˴Ļߡ
һ֣߱һ˵˺ܶ飬˵ЩֻҵĽȴû˵һЩĵݣ߽һö򽻸Ż뿪Ҷ׵ĸ֪ΧϢҲ𽥵ϢӰ٣ֻҶȻҳ֣ϾֻǿϢʧȷѾ뿪ˡ
ʱôһĹȥˣһʱ֮ԭʧĵطȻٴγһõӰҶ붼֪Ӱ϶ˣٴγֵʱֻ΢ЩĿ˿ܣ뿪Ҷ׵ĸ֪Χ
˿ɭȻһƬžĹιĴҶ֮ϣɭֶһЩĪɧЩɧԽԽɽһڴ˿̵Ҷ׶ȷʵĶûκε
뿪֮ҶײŴӸʯмȫƤٴλָ֮ǰӣƤս֮⣬Ҷֽ֮ǰŵĳȥ
ƤսǲƳɣһҶ׽Ƥս׾ͱ͸״̬һҶȫļκģ˵Ļɡ
뿪ɽ֮Ҷ׾⸽һӶҶӶ֮󣬱öһЩ򵥵󷨺ڸǣѨʮΣҿһЩ޵ĳѨһҲǸҶṩһЩȫıǣΪµҶ׵ѨֻܹһֻèͨǱ˷Ҳһ˵ȥˡ
ҶڵѨޱȵ䣬һ뵽׵ĶѨ濪ʼ
飬ֲϣƬָϣһµĿ̵ҶУڸһȦݳ޵󷨡
Ҫ֪һöٿԻʮ龧ʯ龧ʯϺõĲ󷨵ĲϣҶ󷨶ЩСõɣҲõҲʮֵȹֻ̣Ҷȷʵûô龧ʯֻܹʱˣЩҲҪΪģóҲĸˡ
ܿҶױ㽫ԼҪһ׼֮Ҷױ㿪ʼóһöˡ
ѵ㣬һҪʲô飬ڶʱϵȣʱ󷨵ĵ̡
һ㻹˵һЩһ˵ûרϰĵݣѡԼ̵˻ˣͱһЩ߻ѡԼİ˻߱Լףԡ
ڶ鷳һЩҪڵ̵ʱʹõͱ˵һСӣڳ˺ӵӵ浹ˮһ鷳һֲܹ٣һֲܹ࣬ϵķҲһ̵·棬һһ㶼·󷨲תʧܡ
һ󷨵ĵ̣һ˵ܹĵ̳һѾǶԸ벽һµˣܹ̳ڶ󷨣ͿԶԸϵʿԺԽ࣬ԽӣҲԽģͬʱĲҪҲԽߡ
ҶȻһ֣ǿִʦ飬󷨵ĵҲһЩĵģֻҪ̳Ըߵ˫󷨶پЩˡ
һЩ󷨵ɣҶ׽һöеܹĲĸףҲߵĳˣһѪеѪÿһ֮սʱһѪҶ׵Ժ֮ͺһ빲һ벻
Ҷڵµ󷨵оôţܿһѪĳαҶ׵ԺһţʱԿʼһö֮ϵˡ
Ϊ˼칦Ҷ׶ϵÿһ鼡յĶʮֵλЩѾ˳˶ʶΪˣڵ̵Ĺ֮ÿһԵʮֵĵλ嵱еѪɫע֮󣬸һѪĸо
оҶڵ飬ҲǳԤϵĴҶ׵̽ͷҶǱŵɫâĿ̵ϵıҲЩȣ˵˽Ҷ׵Ļô¾ҲҶ׵˽˻ˣҶ׵̳һöȻǳڴδ֪ɼҶڵһöѪʱ˶δ֪ˡ
ҶڵһѪʱ򲢲Ǵͷʼ̣෴Ǵʼ̣ܹʮֽܵԼȫÿһ缡˵ʼղѡ񣬱Ͼľ޵ģҪһöͱҪΪĴ㣬ͷһöѪ̵ص㡣
ˡ
Ҷܹȫÿһ缡Ǵ˿ԼʧǸоһķоҪľԶԶ󣬿Ǽ֮ϵȻûаͣ١
ڣҶÿһĵϣҶ׶ὫԼ뵽󷨵·Уһ൱ڸ֮Ϳһ㽺ˮ
һ򵥵ѪѾϣˣҲѪ֮ΪѵĻˡ
ˡ
ΪĵԽԽ࣬һҲʼ̲ס֮ǰһЩעĵطҪһЩҶſ̵ȴûаζʼս̵֮ϵÿһ˿һǡôÿ̵һ˿һй
ϾҪˣҶڵ׵ʱģѪһ˫۾ҶͶ˲پҲʼͣһſŷݣǽһѪԵޱȵİԵ͡

Ҷһ߰˸ʱ³Ҳ࣬žҶͿƸֲˡ
һ˵ĸֶǰֲϴãҶ׿֣֪Լܹʹöٲϣһ٣ᵼöıϣҶ׼ΪԭʼķʱϣֻҶҪĲϲʮָӣ̵ҲǲôΣգǶҶƿȴһ޴ս

ֲҶ׵вϴϣЩҶ׽Ҷ׹ΪݣһöΪؼϣҶ׵Ѫˡ
ƴˣҶ֪һν뵽󷨵зǳĹؼвͺܿڻߵĻսĵô죬ͱҪбı£ЩıǮ
ˣҶ͵֮˺һȱڡ


İһʮ صԹ
ȱڵĴ򿪣ҶϵҲԽԽŨԽԽҶ׵ѪҺֲϻһ뵽Ѫ·֮ϣͿѪɫĹâ֮ųͺѪڰ֮вͣصҪ׺Ϊһһ
ʲôСӣֻ΢ʩչһΣȻܹҵΪֶʩչұҵַҪʮΪֻԵʣڵ󷨵ʱֻܹǷֳ󷨣ֻżӺõʱ򣬲ܹͬһʱ̳һָ߳ĵֶΣ˵ҶΪһѧߣӵʱҲδܹô𿴲κĳ̶ȡ
Ҷƫƫˣ֮Ͽ̵ÿһǴǿҵĽУҶ׵һ̵Ȼ˲ٻҶ׿̵ÿһ֮ϾȻӰӰ˲غϳΪһӰܲͬʱҲһĵطһöҪγɵʱȻѪӰںϵľȷʵһζû뵽Ҷ׾ȻὫһЩַõ˼µĵز
ԣǼΪĹϵļӵôǿıĻôյ̵ڶ󷨵ôҶһö鶼ҪҪúܶ࣬лɱǻʾɻߵһҶܹöĻǽ뵽󷨵ҲһԱġ
𡱣Ҷ׽һö֮ҶȫµҲǳױեɣΧЩṩԴԴԴĻ½һöҶ׻Ըʮˡ
ڵһö֮Ҷʮöϵ֮ſʼڶö飬ʮ֮ҶҲֻǿö飬һö֮ҶѾˣȻҲһʾ޴ĲƸǶҶ˵ӵЩȻܹˡ
̡
Ҷ׼öʱͻȻһŽǵͬʱҶϵҲһЩӦӦǽ뵽֮صڡ
ڲҳÿʮ뵽󷨵նɱ֮⣬Խ뵽֮ػĹ裬Щǻʾо޴ôģͬʱ벽ҲùŵŵҲǿ¹ԣӶԼǻʾģֻ̫ƫţɹ֮٣Ͷҵİ벽ǻûлࡣ
⺿֮Ҷ뿪ԼڵĶѨеĺۼɾصЩ߾ۼĵطҶ׿˿Щߵȷʵֻвʮķ֮һǲҵĻߡ
л߶ۼһʱһǻʾɵĻߴ˵˳Ц˵λǵеĸ߶ǵͷ죬ϣܹʵʵҪκ⣬ĻεõĹ費ҪȫϽɣһҪǲҸΪĳͷڿʼ飡
˵ţĸͷ쿪ʼЩ֮пʼѡˣЩͷϲǿĻΪԼӣЩͷϲѡȽĻߣ֮ĸͷܿ㽫Լѡãʣµľˣʮĸ˵ЩͷҲûռκαˡ
߰ɣնɱޣ˭ɱ˭ģõ֮κ˲ٽᣬĻһɱˣõıлһ֮ûκιأ˶뵽Ѩ֮аɣһ£ǰ֧鿪ʼŲҵĺȥƽʱǽȥÿֻһ쿪ĺûᡣ
֮Ҷױ㿴һι״ʯǵǰЩʯĸ߶ÿһʮףŸֵĻƣͬʱһſ龧ʯҲЩƵνӴγɸЩ󷨸һֻ㾦Ч
߹Щʯ֮Ǳһ󷨵ĺĴ֮һ޴ͼΣеĴ򿪣еĺȻһĶѨ˵ʵֵĵУⶴѨ滹һޱ̨ͨһֱ쵽ص׵
һȽ룡Ļһӻ߻Ľ뵽һͨ棬ǵڶӣҶڵĵӣǵĶӺڵĶ顣
ЩԽ߾ԽǸоⶴѨ䣬˵һ߶ûˣǲǻ߿֪ܹȡߵĻѾǾٲάˣһʱ֮ǻߵһͨľͷ
ˣƺоʲôڵһ˽뵽ѨͶ˵ʱ̴
ǿܹһЩİĹââ͵Ƶ΢ֺ΢⣬Щ΢֮ҡڣ˸оԼ˿̺뵽˾ĵһͬʱⶴѨ֮лдĺӵð˾һֲĸо
˵˵ʱҵЩҲǿʼ΢ĵطȥܿ˾Ϳһ޴ĵصԹЩ
Ǹһ뵽صԹоͿͨǵǰͨһֱ쵽ԶҶ׵ĸ֪Ҳ޷ﵽĵطųǧĹޣ˵ЩǺµʯɵһޣͨľͷǺڵĵط󷨷ӡѾʼʱ򣬲ҲŻЩ뿪󷨽뵽صԹĵУ󵱺һ̶ȣҵٴμӹ󷨣˵ʵԽԽǿԭ΢ĵϸҲЩԽǿ׳
ֻ󷨵к෴ȻԽԽԾҪϰŴһε󷨣ξȻʮҪһΣĻǬ˲ҲҪٴ󷨣ͬʱڲ˵δһٴʵĴûء
֨֨
ջ߽뵽󷨵еʱͨԽԽһЩƹڵصԹ治ͣĻصҶûв´ĻЩӦþǹ޷ġ
չ޵ʵΪ۷Ĺͷ죬ǻʾĹиǹͨˡ
һӵۺʵǿ벽ߣûбҪǲȡȴ󷨣һǶܹõôҲûвͷƳȣҲ͸һɡ
ʱҶߵİĵ˵ǹޣÿν붼Ļ߱ɱܰȫȻźܴһ̶ϱģðĻЩΣǲڵģͷ컹ǱȽϴģ


İٶʮ 
ۡ
ڰʱͻȻһ˻ǰ˹Ҷ״һȻһֻֻǿ޳Ҷ׵ΧЩȫѩףһ޴İ׻ĹǼһֻЩǼƶǳĿ٣Щ˵зصޱȻƶӡ
ಡ
һֽʱ򣬲༸ʮϰٸĹ޴ͨ˳Щһ񶼺ͨûʲôر֮ʮ޺ŵĹ޾Ͳһˡ
ͨĹ޿ͨ˵ĹǼܲֻ࣬ǵȫһģûкһӵĹؽڣҼֻͨĹ޵ĹͷҲҪ˵ĹǼܴܶ࣬Щǿ޹ͷ첻ҪͨĹ޹Ӵִ󣬶ǵÿ޶һҰɫĹǽЩǽ֮ϳһŷľݣЩһޱȵķÿһݶ޷һܹ׽ֵʬ˺Ƭ
ϰٹ޴ͨ֮ǰڶͨΪڻңŵĲٵĹͷ졣
סͣǰϰٵĹ޴ͷԥһ£ʮֽĶл˵
ͷҪͷĶܹ࣬оЩ޴Ȼ࣬Ǹոյ޴ʵ˾Щ֣Ͼľ˵֮һ·̲ǹĻ˵й޳ûֻܹ˵Щ굮ĹԽԽ࣬εҪϸ»ҪһЩ
ɱôͷ˵㽫ЯĹǱ޸˳һƵĹǱ֮ϣһ޵βǣͬʱһ龭ĥνǶ޹֮ϣһǱ޲࣬ǷǳǿᣬЩͨĹ޸סǱôһɨͬɨҶһɨķǡ
һӣһǱ޵ǳǿᣬ˳ͷƱڹȺɨһأȻôһɨȷʵ޴ɢǸĹͷ컹ǴӺ
ҰռȶУֻҪסԼλãͬʱλնɱĹҲҪǽûв´ĻĹͷ϶ر࣬ĻλͱҪĺһˣܲͷ龡صķ˵һ֧СȻһʱͽϰٵĹ޶壬ֻҪǽβãܹƽˡ
ǾʱһǻʾڵĻ߾Ȼɱ뵽߰˸ͷ쵱УԼڵλȻҲǵõ̫٣ܹ뿪ƾʵǻЩͷ
붼ûֱӾͳ߰˸ͷİΧȦС
ɱ߿⼸ͷ̽Լʩչĸͷ쾹ȻһĹֱ飬ʣµļͷȻݣָ߲Ȼնɱͷ죬ͷҲ΢üʱһ޴Ӻһнٸ޴ͨһӵϣһӾͽ䵥ǻʾ߸Χ
ôܣģΧڵеǻʾڻߺȻѾǵһν֮أûôĹޣʱҪѾˡ
ۡͷľпһ㣬иߵϣ֪ʲôʹ飬ǣһ׺ݵѪɫӡ֮мŨŨĹǶһ뵽ߵֱĹͷһֱͺҪڻһ
תؼʱ̣ǻֱӽԼǿս˫űĵĲ£޾תǿͣĴǻʵ治ϵĽɱȥʱ򣬾֨֨統вͣķǻʾǻʵľҲԽԽ
ͷ۾˺һǾȥ
֮ǰʣµ⼸߶鶼Щŭǵһ֧ΣҲһݣλǽ߾˵һЩο֮ؿ³ʲô飬һ˾Ͷһ˿ָ̲ʱ
ɱڲͷɷ˴Աߵʱš䡱һǸ˵ǻĵߵıȦ֮ڣ˿ϵʹ΢չһЩʱЩ޿˸뵽֮أֿʼĳҶһ֧Сӷ
ҿסٶȻҪȸղһ޵ĳҪǿһЩǵʵȫǿԵֵסģٳһ벽ȥˣȵƻָ̳֮ѨƽͷȻȽϱأѵʱȴûаԥֳޱȹϵɱ¾
ɱͷһǰȻÿ޶ܹòٹˣܵشȴû˿̰ͼЩ裬ֻһЩĹ޿ߵʱŻһװԼĿڴһ·Ȼնɱ˲ٶޣͷõĹȴ޼Ҳż˵õӦõһ
ͷıȻɰٴȴøЩ߶Ϊʼոߵǻʾ߸վһͬһְһϡ
ܿǸ˵ǻʾҲҶ׵İ»ָ»ع鵽鵱Уʱȥǰĵ·ҲԽԽԭֻʮ׶ֱͨչ˲ʮԶѾܹ͸ΪӴĹˣ֮⻹һЩͬһĹҲǳǵǰ
ͷҲЩ죬ɤٴξǰԭֻͨ޺͹ͷû򣬿ǽﲻ˹޾Ҳûв´Ļһʱϸ»Ҫˣ
ЩҶûʲôоǶ֮ǰ֮صĻ˵ǵͷһҪ֪Щ޶Ǻµʯ֮һֵޣЩ޵ͨɺѵģԽ󣬲Ĺͷ죬Խ࣬ԭ֮ӦֻͨĹ޺͹ͷ죬ﾹȻ˹ɴ˿ɼ϶Σա
ڵҲֻһͷĻǿҪһʱˡ
ͷ쿴˿˶Щηı飬ٴιʵҲûбҪ£ЩصǷǿǿĹڶҲѳ򡭡


İٶʮһ ֮ص
⣬ֻҪһ·ܹ̾ϣǸʱ֧ҲϲһҾͲ֧Ҳôù˱ǻҪĹޣô˵ԭ߷ģǵĳԽԽ޳ϣЩϵıҲԽ
ۡЩ޵ڶ࣬Ǽٶİ벽ڻǰҲԵЩ磬Щ޵ķˣնɱƽܶ鷳ĻѾйȫ¾һˣﾹȻۼ˲İٵĹ޺͹ͷ죬Щͨ޺͹ͷڶʱ֮ڲܹʲôвʱһǵҲܿģʱϵ̫ãİٹޣټһͷҪǵСˡ
ۡЩ޽Χڵеʱ򣬹ȻһнЩ΢һ£ͷҲһЩŹ֮ܿ㷴Ӧ֪һֻĿ֮ˡ
λһֻѾ꣬ѾкһӵкһǻۣһսҪķǳˣ
ڴҵҪϧһдȽɱҶ׵һ£Ĺ޶ŹڵķѸٿڲͷ쵼֮£ôҲûԭɵķһ˿ңԽԽ޽Χ棬ǵжҲԽĳٻ
ʱһͨִһޱȼĹ޵˻֮Ҷ׵Ѿ޽ӽʱвֻ޴һͨӵһӽǵ·ҲˣһӾͷٵҲ޷סԼʱ˿̾ʧıˡ
Ҫ֪κһж֮УǶԸĹȻڶ֧࣬СܹҲǧҵӣһι޵ԶԶֵܹܵʵЩǻʶԸЩ
ۣۣۡˣȻԱ߽ӦĽкţǵĽкĹҲǳڵλþ£ȥǧҲ֮ǰֱֺײӣǲϵķɢ־£һҲҶ׵һЩ򵥵սЩս˵ļ򵥣һЩʱǵʵֱֹһӿҶһֻ˿սС
ۣۣۡ
ǿսһʱù޴ʱһٶͨޣͷҲ˼ʮЩһҲǱЩײĲѪҲֻǼһʱٶʱĻǵʧҪأͷϣĹ޶ﵽǧôĹࡣ
ô죬سǼǰɱһʱͷҲЩò⣬Ǵ˿ԽԽ޵ĳ֮ѾǱƵһòʱˣҵͷ컹¶˾ġ
Ҫȳȥһ벽߸ţٸҳȥζҪǺ߻ϣͷǳֵܵƢеͷ쵱صģͬʱҲЩͷ쵱ʵģܹ嵽ͷ̫Ŀ϶뵽֮ظĵطǵϴ˵ѾǰƬƽԭеˣ뾡ȥǻϡ
ȥǲҵִţڲͷվʱͻȻĿ⿴ҶףȻҶ׵ʵֻǰ벽ߣǲ֪ΪʲôҶǱȿһ벽˳۶ˣ˵ǾһܹԼıȽ˳۵иᣬҲǱȽġ
壡Ǿһһľ룬ҪҶȥŵĻͱҪȫһֻܹĹ޵עҶ׶ȡһЩĻᡣ
⽮ͷƽʱ¿С΢֮ͬһƥֵҰһƲɵһ⽮Щ߶սһµС

ڲͷ콫֮һֻľͬӰӲͷеĹǱ޵۳һֻľҲֻ߰׸΢ȹҪ߳һЩһ־ͱޱǿƣһӽеĹȫѹһǸҶȡһЩʱ䡣
һ֧ľ޵Ӱ۳֮󣬾Ϳͷ͵һеĳޱ㻯һ޴Ӱ˽˹ȺС
䡭
ľܹÿһνҪķѲͷΪܹĹ޸Ҷ׷ֵѹȻͣĻӶеĹǱޣһʱ¶ѨʯɽһƬƬͨޱĳɷɻңٵĹͷҲǻһϢһֱۻĹҲ̲סˡ
û뵽ͷսϿǿˣһ뿪ڶߵĶ飬Ҷױһλ˹޴ΧڽһЩ֮ͨҶױͣĳ֮صĳڴȥ
ಡ
Ҷ׵ٶԽԽ죬쵽۲ɼĳ̶ȣ֮ܿصڴܲڶ߽뵽֮أΪ˰ȫҲǰ˲ٲҵĻؾΪ˷ֹ֮һʲô״Щ߿Ӧһ£Ҷ׾Ȼһ˴ʱò֮ضѨִЩջˣҶ׿϶̰ȴ˳Ͼÿ궼ᷢΣѾǼֲˡ
Ҷ֮ʱ򣬲̴ִżǻʾСɵĻ߽ҶΧСӣڽ뵽֮ؾͲܹ뿪ǳǲطģӣֻ˽һο¾ҪǲʮĿˣ

ڲִ˵ʱ߰˸ҳ϶ԼĿڴͳһ֮ǹͼƺֻҪִһ£ǾܹϵҶ廨
ҶɵҲ˶Է϶ԼˣϽ˼̲ס˵λǰҲǴӳģרŸųģ󷨷ӡʲôĹ޴һֻߵһ·̾˲ֻ޵ϮлаѾľǻ۵Ĺ
Ҷ΢˺˼Լȡһ˵ʱ֮һ˵һ飬Ҷ׵ĻʱִҲЩ𾪵ӣ˿Ҷ۳ӣһ֮ص䣬ڵ˵ͷ˵ˣ˵ȷʵΪۼΪʵǼһʱܹ̽ϱ峤棬ɴ֧Ԯ


İٶʮ ִ
ۡ
Ҷһ֧鱻ʱ򣬲ĶҲܵ˲Сĳһ鵱еĻ࣬ƽʵҲҪ֧ǿ٣ѡߵ·Ϊյһ·ΧΧıҶһ֧СĹ޻Ҫһǧֻ޽ŰΧ档
Щͽ׹ޣֻڸǻֻֻֻг˵ǻۣڲǧ޴İΧ֮£һ֧ȴŴαҡҡ׹ǵҲҪСӶһĻǵĴҶһ֧СӵĴҪ˺ܶࡣ
ǰ壬ҳ嵽ǰĵƽԭǲеһ𣡡ѾǵһδˣÿһδӶض飬ڲҵļҲٮٮߣһȴǴ෴һָӲܿòʧء
Ҫ֪ĻȻʵǺǿȷʵΪǸɵĳԱһʧһ룬ô۹Ҳʧ޴󣬶ڲҵĵλͶĻҲ֮һģζҪȡ㹻Ļټʧᡣ
Ѫףһ֧СӾľԽԽ̲סԼľɱʩչͬʱҲǸо˲Թıɱ֮⣬ڲʩչ֮ԽԽĻҲǿʼʵ׼ڲ֮ٴγַ
ݡ
Լ˫޸ȡ˳˫֮һצһֻֻצһչȥѪ׷·˿Ҳڲ˫޲ͣš
ڲ˫չһԾʱѪҲΪһ壬ͬʱ˫չȻѪ׵˫ᣬѪ֮һɹŨŨѪζʱ˹ߵޡ
žžž
һνڣѪ׵˫צûдʱ򣬹ΧͨѾ޴ѹѹķǣֻʣЩͷ컹ţĿ겢Щͷ죬ĵĹ
ˣһ֮֮仹ٸޣǧףѪôһԾеͨޣһϵĹͷҲˣΪҪѪ׵˫צͣڰ֮Уһץ˹֮ǲݵĽˡ
ءȻԼƳҲǷŭĴͬʱһΪ׳ĹǰҲǱԼıȡ˳
ˡһҲɵӣһͿԷԼƴˣһ޴İǴޱǿһŲĳֱ֣Ӵӹ˫֮лûаĲǵ
֨֨Ҳ֪սȻǺܸߣȽҲֻǱͨĹͷҪ΢ǿһЩķȷʵǳǿ󣬿¾һ֮ҲδܹɱһҲûκκֱ֣ӽԼǿʵ˫޺ݺڹеĹǰ֮ϣȻûнĹİ飬ȷʵùͣĺˡ
ݡ
Ѫں֮Ĳ˵ޱȵŨŨѪȫ˫Ҳֻڹİ֮ͣ˹ľ޴ͷ­
顱һŲ˫޺Ϊһ壬һ˳ǹҲǳУѪ˵ͷ֮ϵʱ򣬲еĳǹȻѪϵһѷݼ⵶ֱӴ̽˹޴ͷ­֮У˾ͿһǹȻ̽ͷ­пʼĽ
ءû뵽ޱȰСС˾ȻܹôǿĹȫΪ̵ĵطܹԷ͸Ǵ˿ҪѾˣһ˳ǹĴ֮УֱӽԽķ飬˲ԭĹڲһ뿪޴ͷ­ʱһǿĹȻƴԼԴڵûñ㳹ˡ
һǻ۵Ĺ˵ͳǧ޵һѾʧ֮һˣȻٵĹΪ𣬷׷ײҪߣʱҲǻصԭλͬʱʱɷ裬ֱӽѨըĵǿ֮ѨҲ
䡭
һը֮ԭǧĹڱһǧ࣬Ҳһλƴһ룬ûĻʣЩ޺ܿҲᱻɾֻһսһСӲҵĻܴ첻С°̶ֳЩҵĻ߶ڴˡ
УԲܹи壡һĹޱ֮ʣµĹ޾ȻǷǾۼһǵ·ˣЩ޾Ȼȫص̬
Ҫ֪ЩĲÿһ޵ķЩֻһζضĻôЩ߾ƴȫڼʱ֮ҲͻЩ޵ķأһ΢ԥһ»ǰԭȵ뷨ŵصƽԭķȥ
ͬʱ֮ص߶ҲǷ׷ͨ޵Ķ½سŵصƽԭۺϡ
ʱҶҲǴŲִϺͼǻʾɵĻ˳֮ǰ߹ĵ·һ·ֱ˴ްصλá
Щ޺פһһֱ󷨽ΧĲִҲЩ㲻״ˣΪ˲ߵİȫִϻǵʲõĳȥ
ִаŵһͼɵһûгֱ죬ִʹѱˮִϽֻһǿ͵һͣĻ߱㿴һһɫһһ޴׳ɷ˹޴ӪС
䡱һܹ޵ķˣִһԵҲԽ޴Ϊֲڵķ󷢳״ɢִϱ㻯ǧӰ豦ɢȥһͷͨ޾Ȼִϵı֮·׷飬գֻ֮ʣ¹ʮͷ컹ڶ֮мŹˡ
ǻʾ۷ߵʵִϷҶ׶ڻߵʵһЩΪ˽⡣ӴԺԻߵľηҲ͸һЩҲ֪ҺͲҶô׶ûнǻʾԲУԼʵﵽ˰벽֮޵УҪ͡
ˣһѾˣʣµЩͷҲˣǼ롭


İٶʮ ս޴
ֻһ㽫ٹ޴ɾִϱż񾳴ɵĳﳤȥֻʣҶվ⼸ʮǰ
Щ޵оǹ죬ǹشҲа벽ߵʵ˵Щ޵սѾԶԶҶܹܵķΧ֮ڣǶЩͳͳܽǻʾߵľ顣
ԼѾﵽ˰벽ߣѾ˻ɱǻʾڻߵʵ֮صУҶͻȻԼʵԶһǬĴսֻܹǵ׵Ļɫ벽ʥֵ߳ĻֵĻᶼûˣôǻʾߵʱҶ׵оֻʣ½ǻʾһ·ѡˡ
ۣۣۡ
Щ޵ǿִߺһľǻ۵ĹҲǽԼĿҶס˿̶Ҷ˵Щľ飬ͬЩ˵Ҷ׺Ҳǽ߲εĶԾִϴ뿪̵֮ԼߵЩϺз׷װĿ׼Ҷס
֨֨֨
ȻЩΪײͨޣִֻڸղһҴĹ޲ʮ֮һԼЩֻΪײĹޣǵʵҲڱ֮ϣмѾ쵽벽߳Ϊͷˡ֮⣬ʮͷʼػڹߣƺֻҪ̽Ҷ׵ʵǾͻһӵϣҶʬ
ҶȻִϾôͷҲصȥЩǶǰЩǲµĹǳɱ¾黳ͺһǿʿһЩҪԼǰ㵸ӣҶ׶پЩ
ֻͨ棬ǽ֮ϳһЩϵú͵ƣһЩʯͨĻ谵޹͹ֳҶҲֻǶԼӳڻ谵ĵƹҡҷӰӻ΢һЩøˡЩϵϢƺûиκκôֻһЩĪİ˶ѡ
ಡһƿЩ֪Сһªͨ޳Ҷ׵ʱҶ׵ҲһѪɫĴ󵶣һѪͬһɫ˿һȻȼ𵭺ɫĹâ
ɱ
Ҷ׵ĽŲͬлѪŻصƱЩͨޡ
ৡ
Щͨ޵ķǿǵĻٶȴ˼㣬Ҷ׼֮£ʮͨ޾ֻʣǵһڶĩ˼š
ۡЩ޲ͣеʱ򣬺иĹͷҲͬһЩͷĸߣƺҪҵҶ׷ص©ҶЩͷʱΪյķʽɱ
ɢϧҶ׸ЩκλᣬԽԽ޴ǰҪɧҶ׵ʱҶ׵ֻ΢ͣһ£͵һ͵һţ˲֮ǰʹЩͨȫɢ˳ȥһȻ̫࣬ҲЩͷ쾪ʧһˣʱҲҶ׳ֵʱ
ۡ
ΪЩͷ챻ִѾıˣҶٳּǿɨҶһʮͷ쾹ȻҲҶ׵Ѫ֮бķ飬Ҷڵ֮󣬱ͬһ߷˹
顱һҶһֱӿ˹Ķͷ֮ϣһûнĶͷҶһȴʵĽͷ­пһСѷ졣
ۡһ£Ҷһˣһѱ㽫ͷһסˣ𻨱䣬Ҷ׺͹ȻһǹǿĻҶһֱӽˡ
ҶֻһѰ벽ߣԸѾشĹ˵ֵڹΪԼܹƾһֻǧצץסҶ׵ѪܹԼΪĵʱҶ׵յһֻҲ˳
𡱵һһѪȻһѪ˹ͷһѷ죬ʱ顱ĶͷױһȱڣһצѪֱ˹棬ءһУĴԱѪķ飬ûҶ׳ԼеѪ㡰ͨһڵȫ׽Ӳˡ
ҶһնɱһʮͷͨޣҶڼɱ¼ʱҲֻǵõ˾ǧľֵѣЩٴθҶһʾǾԽɱĵ˵õľֵԽ٣ʵɱ¼ҪҲԽԽ
䡭
ˡ
Ҷ׻ΪԼɱЩõľеյʱǰ澹Ȼһ춯صıըǿֱͨ죬ͺʮǻʾ۷Ļһ벽ʥߴսٻغϽͨΪƽһ
ִսҶҲֻ΢ԥһ£˽ȥҪ֪ոնɱôͷ죬һžǧ飬ھǻʾ˺ܶ࣬ҪٶһЩ
ǧ磡
ǧ磡
Ҷ׸ϵصƽԭʱҶ׾Ϳǧ޴ʮΧڵУͨ޶䲻ͷҲ٣µʵǻʾߵĹ޾Ȼϰ٣лﵽǻʾ۷ĹǻһӲҵЩ߿ǱΧˣҶ׸ϵʱͷΪ˷ֹٴη˾Ȼ׷׽Լľɱʩչ

Ҷ׸ովȵʱ򣬵һʲͷȫһʱ֮³ױһɹɫɽ鱩һӿڴ֮ͷȫļ⾹ȻһЩ˲˼·Щ·ȫͬʱҲǳɫԽԽ޻ƴǰʱͷ˫͵һᣬȻǧӶ֮һԾͬһʺһ뵽ǰΪĹ޴У˵һܹʩչȻܹһߵѹ
ۡ
Ǿһֵ߳ʱ򣬹޴֮еҲǸо˲Ȼ˫˫ӹ޴֮г˳ȻͬʱһΣ컨ƣһĶǧĸǰͿͷ콫Լ˫ȭ͵չһֻԶִڵӣŲͷ޴ȭͷҺһ߲ʵԶžҲſֱҧɵĶ֮ϡ
ڴ˿һߵĲһҲǽԼʩչǧıͼȣͷǧΪͰƥ


İٶʮ 
һͷ׶ޱȵԶ޳սϷһͷԶžͬʱɱĶƣ˲佫ҧסĶƣգס˹޴ϷһͷԶޣͬѪڣֱͷ­ƺҪֱ̽ӡ
һʱռǿײ·ǹ޻ǲҵĵӣоһɹ޷ֵĳϮվڳ·һЩ޺ͲҵѾսֻǾס壬ͬʱֵĹ
ȴҲܹܣڶԷҹ֮£Ȼٴη䣬Ѿ޸ߴܶٴμ󣬶ǵ֮ϳһӨɫĹâֹâĪܹһη֮С
ҪʹñСġһԶе
Ҳһ˫ٴͷԶžͬһͷԶ޴Ѿܹ¼ʮˡ
ǶԷǿѾﵽʮףеĹǰҲﵽʮףִһףͬӵ֮߳Ŀֲ飬ֻտնۿ֮оȻðһӨɫĻ档
γˣһ֪ûģǲһֱû꣬ǵʵﵽһָ߶ȣǵȻγһһγɣǵʵγ
Ѿǻʾ۷ڵʵˣһӵУѾﵽ벽ʥֻа벽ʵ
Ȼˣ켫֮ʱһȻֻһγɷƣľ޴ĹǰѾһͷµĹ޴һӾ쾪һ亹
һ켸ղͬʱ˷˵Զž޳ǹ޴ĹǰͼǾ޴ĹǰƣԶѾߴĹҧȥ
顱һڿĹǰ֮ʱǹȴٶ죬޴Ĺǰ˲˾ͷһӾͽͷ­򱬣һͷԶ޸ոؿڣǹȻſڣһǿҵɫ棬Զž˲ͱɫû·켸ͬʱһѪѾܵˡ
ֻ֮Ѿ˵֮ˣϽ֪ͨϣ֧Ԯ
ʱ򣬲ҵ˲֪ĹѾǿĴˣֻܹɵ֮𣬾ѾֹǻʾˣͻǻʾڣʹûͻƣҲﵽǻʾ۷壬ﵽľ磬ڲҵĸ֮Ҳֻмܹ֮⡣
ǵجβŸոտʼǵϢûüųĹͳĵħ޴ĹǰҵĶɨվǰĲæųƷȴܲסԷһ֮
ֱӱɨĲҶ꣬ʮҵӾǵһ޴Ĺǰɨȥһ˵ɥĲҵƴĹʮ׸ߵĹеıǵȳ⽴еľȻǱ
Ѿ˱еĹ޷ӵҵĶһҲ˱ļ󣬷׷׳ˣۿǴӽ˱ΣѾϮ
гǰ֧ԮһЩ˵ĲҵƴĽеΪ֪ҲֻвҵĳϺܹˡ
Сӣ㷢ƵĻᵽˡڴʱڲԶҶ׺Ȼ𿪿˵
Ҷ׳һЦͲҪҿЦ˰ɣʱҿЦǿ飬Ҫˣ㲻Ҳ̱ˡ
Сӣ˭㿪ЦţϷʲôʱ򿪹ЦȻˣߺߵ
㿪Цʱ𣿡ҶȴҲֹ
ԽԽ֪ϰˣҺôҲʦˣȻһòˣСƨƽˣ˭̯֪ϰ׵ĵӡ
ҶҲ϶лæЦҾͿЦ˵ɣʲô顣
ߣˣɣ㿴˫ѾγϢ֤ѾӵԼ꣬һѾܹ֪֮֮ôģ
Ҷҡҡͷ֪Ϳ˵ɣǷҶûʱˡ
ٺ٣ɶϷ𣿼ʹϷ򲻳֣㻹öѪ飬ڵֱӱǲġ
ҶϵļѪ飬ȷԼƣóһõĻƱػע⡣ˣԹǵ֮ΪֻѾڵڵһγɣγҲ֮ˣС֪ڵʲôô𣿡
ʲôôҶ׸æʵ
ڵڵǽе֮ڰɵģӵеƻԶԶһʿɵڵҲ˵ʿĹԶ㿴ƻ֪ˡ
Ҷ˵ֿ˿ɱ¾Ĺ֮ǻʾĸֻǼʮ˵ȫĹǰ֮¶ͬһ㣬µĹû˭ֵܹ
ǿĹʲôϵҶʵ
㵱ȻйϵȻӵпµĺڰͬǿԱյģܵõͷĵҽɵĻĹܹһɣǸʱĹʹûͻƣǻʾڶҲԻˡ
ҶһôϾ֪е㲻ܷȲ˵ûΣգҪõЩܡ
˵ڿЦ㻹ϣȥȥסһӣ˵ʲôһǱҪ
ûϢļһ㲻Ҫôѵҵ˻Ŀǵĵӱɱ㿴ˣϾͻиǰġʱһˣǰ黹𣿡
ҶԼԴεɲҪ˵ʲôʱ֮Σˡ
˵ȷѾˣܵõĻо޴ˣʹûͻܻͬɱǻʾڶ֡
ȻڴʱҵһλδҵΪҵʵȻҪ죬λһֱӻӶеıĳǾ޴Ĺ
ûе£ûֹͣĹҲֻþ޴Ĺǰһ£ǵ˫ĹϾ˳޴ĹȻҲ˺һ
ȴû֣ͣĵȻâɣ޴Ĺ⵶֮£ȴ޵ɱκһ涼һֿµǾ޴ĹȻ˿ڣɭɭĹͷһȱڡ


İٶʮ 
ǼʹӴĹûĹãЩ˿ڶ˵ֻƤѣֻĹΪջ𣬾޴Ĺǰ͵ĺɨǿҵֱȫͲĳͺĲҵϮ
ܣıضǺĲҵӣһɼʮĲҵӵȻûкˣеĴٴηһͷĽʨڰ֮С
ͷʨһ֣ʱһͬʨһ㣬ĺȻʨ𣬶ǿγɡ
ʨŭ𡱣һֲֿ޴Ĺɾ޴ĳӵһֿµı죬Ǿӵлɱ
ʵѽһܹɱ꣬ԸͷոγĹҲǶ֢ҩˡ
Ȼǹһŭ֮Ͼͳ˴͵ķӦĹҲʧȥЧ彩ֱվһӾȥһ㡣
ʱıٴγʣһûлû۳һֱߣֱӹĸ
ãСӣһˣҲ֪ͷӵ˵ˣҪֻĵڳ
ҶԴҪõˣҲðˡ
Ȼ˵ﻹЩϧģı¹ûˡ
ûô򵥣ǹҲֻǱ˲䣬ĵ滹ûĸ͵ľ˹һ㣬ĸҲǳĺ£һûʹùǰΪˣ͵ſڣһµĵ֮
ʹĸ֣Ҳȥǿµĵ֮Ӧ÷ǳһԷ֮ҲǷǳʧͲôһ㣬ȡǵˣϧǶ̶̵˲䣬ʨǲܽѹơ
ֻѸٵķųƣһһ㣬ųʮƣŸæˣڵ֮ǰһֽƬһڻȴΪʮ֮࣬ȵ֮ȫڻƵʱҲ˳
˫ֿûһᣬսһһ˫ǸӵȫǹҲС˵ˣǰǻĺ죬һ쫷
˵һεĽ˫˾飬ҪĸҲˣĵ֮Ҫ絽ҲѣֻʵʵȣռϷ磬Ͼ࣬һӵĹǼܡ
ҪһˣҲҪżĻлᣬ㻹ǳʱɱ벽һ㾭ֵɣҲͻơ𿪿ڵ
Ҷ׵ͷҾȥץʵ֡
һֱһȫشżʵǿĹ첻͵ĳѪֱֱ£ûκεͣ٣ͱ׽
ҲʵôΪ䲻ѣɱ죬ûüֵӶ٣ܿͱĹ޺͹ΧһɲҴ⣬һĶֻܴҪһӹ޺͹Ҳֻˡ
ҺòԶǲҵĶ飬Ҷ׳˲Ⱥ֮УǳĹ޶ҲҵӵסˣһӴĻս֮С
Ϊ޶֮ǿĹںս˵սҲγ˽ֵ״̬ҵĶҲӸոյı֮лŬ֮£ֶЭֵס˹޶ĳ˫ɱѽѷ֡
Ҷ׵ʵ˫ɱ¾ֻ֮࣬ҪǿߣǲκεΣգսֻ֮Щ죬ΪЩܸһЩֵһǺܶ࣬ǹ޵Ļûκεľֵˡ
ɱ˼֮Ҷ׿˿Լľֵֻһ࣬ҪǿɱЩʵǿĹ죬ҪɱһٸҲֹҪɱĹС
Ҳżеʱ䣬Ҷٴμ뵽ɱ¾УЩûκĹޣκε︺Ǳûģʹӵ꣬Ҳһֿն꣬ûκεϢʲô
ڴʱͬĲҶǰҲĹȻĹֹһλҲҺʵҲֹһλܿмϵֵסĹ˫γ˶ŵ״̬ɱѽѷ֡
СӣĳǸҪĶֲôףȥæС˵
ȥæҵʵܰʲôæȥҶ׺Լʵں͹ĶȣûκεĻᡣ
˭ȥˣ͵Ϯѽǹڱţа취ڳԳû͵ϮĵʹòȻ֮ҲȫҪԼһ֣Ϊİ±ܵģôǰҲʲô뷨
ĻҶĶˣͷǾͰķȥҪǳʲô⣬ҪˣҪģұ˻߶Ҳˡ
Сӣ˵Ϸ治ˣõô㻹ʲô鶼Ϸͷϣд
Ҷ׺ٺһЦֻ˵˵ѣα棬ҵԼ֪ϧ㵽ʱָιǡ
Ҷ֪ԸĶ֣оö࣬ҪָԼĹ
СͷĵϰɣϷ򻹲ôˡ
ı֤Ҷŷĵսϳȥæһֱڸ߮۲˫ĹпյʱɱµĹޡ
ʱ͹սѾﵽ˰ȻȫѾǽͬһսȻѾԼӵ˼£еıͬһ㣬֮лĵпռ䣬˻
ǶԷҲͬ£ȫֳǵ֮һɫɭɭĹͷҲ˿µӨɫ˿˾͸оһֲֿϢеĹǰͬǰɫҲһ޴ɫǰȻһɫƮɢɫĲ໹ǹޣ̶ͬȵĻˡ
ǹеĵ֮ǲͣں͹ĵ֮ķǿƣлһÿһιĵ֮еıͷһĹâ˲ǰγһɫƣԼǿ֪ٱΪǵ֮ɫ֮Ҳûκεİ취ֻһֱȼգȴܽջ
ʲôѽӡҶ׿ЩۺˣԼҪһıĻԺҲᾭƤˡ


İٶʮ ֮
ʦеʲôôôֵܵסĵ֮𡣡Ҷ׸æʵ
ǵȷһñӦһ׷н֮ܣԵĵ֮𡣡
֪Ѿ˵֮ıõǵ͸ˡҶЩй˵
ΪСҲҪ̫йˣҪһǰԼ𣿿ζɣһöʲôǵҪ˵Ļǽ֮˵ҲŪ֣ɲҪСȻǵףĵȼеѪﵽ˵߼ԷǻʾκμĹ
ôϱ治ѽҶ˷ܵ
ȻܹΪһ۹ûмıҪϷǾˡ
ȿȣʦҪͼҲǿͷˡҶ˵
СӣʦѰǰɣʦֻһˣı㣬УҲδõѽҪǸһμģʵû취ʩչֲˡ
ʦ͵û˵ðɣ㻹ǸϽָһô͵Ϯɣҿе֧Ųסˡ
ʱڳϵȻЩֲ֧סˣǹ࣬ûκεĸй۵ģʹս켸ҹҲоƣȫŻϢȴˣ徭ܲסʱķսرǹĹÿһζǴˣҪȫֿȫˡ
СӣҸʲôʱ򷢶Թв֮˲䣬Ǹʱеע˵֮ϣû͵ϮʹܳɹҲˣҲǹΨһĵط
˵ģɲҪȥֳһ֮ˣҿûǽֵ֮ܵģʱ򱻿ˣ˼Ҳᱻûˡ
Сôķϻنҽˣɰ׳ա
Ҳ˵ˣ˵ҹʲôطɡҶʵ
ϼûģֻһ껹ǺǿոĹҲóϧҲʲô깥Ѫе˷ѣ˵ҵˣһĸǽĵ黹ڳϾͻʧȥս͵ϮţʹɹҲһ
ҶĻǾ޴ĹȥǹĸԲǳģĸһ޴Ĺǣǳһ޵ĸȴǳģûκεڣҶûа취ĸ档
ȴԼĿǹĸһɹâ˸ɹâһͷţŹÿһιǹɹâԽ˸ڼı仯
ǵȻڹĸҶһϲҲûóȻǰĵƵ˹Ĳ棬ɱ˼ŵĹ֮Ҷ׿һ˵֮𣬶֮ͬʱĹâǴһӾ
ʱ򣬳һкҶѾסѪ弱˹ĸΪڹǰͬһָȣҶϮʱ򣬹ȻûκεķӦ
ҲΪʱеľڵ֮ϣ˵һģһֱҶ׵ѪĸŸо
ʱҶѾȫһˣɱ֮𡣡͸һͷţҶеѪ˲˿µǹѪֱӴѪӿγһＸ׵Ѫĸȥ
ǹʱ֪ĸϮһܸоΣ˿ĹѾеӦˣҶ׵ȫһûзʱѾĸ֮ϡ
顱һ죬ҶֻоԼ֮һʹѪȻǲˣͬʱоһΣϮҶ̧ͷ淢ʲô飬˲ƶɱ֮ٴαٶȼӣɳ׿⡣
ո뿪壬͸оһҵ֪ǿ϶ǹ˵֮ҪӦĿ죬Ҫռˡ
ߵͬʱһֱ·ҲץסǧѷĻᣬͬ͵˹ͷǹǣǹȷ˵һ֮ķӦͻһ㣬ԶϮͬЩӦ
޴ĵǴٴξԼ޴ĹǰҪֵĶһݺݵĿͷǹ֮ϣǾ޴ĹҲǻζһ£ͷ­ȻĹµ˲١
ǼʹҵĹȴǲܽͷǹͬҲһٻɱĹҲЧǹͷǹǳһԵѺۣʱǹ˫֮ɫĹâҲ˶ԣ˲壬Ҳġ
ӴĹǰ֧Լ壬ҡһºЩεͷ­ȻõĻᣬٴλűͷǹϮȻҲ֪ͷǹӦǹǿĵط֮һ֪ͬĹԹûκε˺ȫ˲һֻлͷǹǣٺ꣬ͳ׵ΪһĹˡ
ܵһԳ˲ӦʱҲûǰôˣȻֵܵסĹٴ˵Լͷ­Ѿûлᷴˡ
Ҷ׿ֶ벻ȫһĺëû˵ȴһ˹ͷǹǣҺ֮ʵô𣿡
ȴЦСҲҪ̫ƲԼˣȻڵʵȷе룬Ҳ˵ʵոһѾ˵˹ֻûôԶѣĵѾĹ֮³𶯣ԹʵкܴӰ죬ʧȥ֮һʵҲֻǽѣʹ˹ͷ­ֻ֮꣬ʧȥ֮ʵۿۡ
ڸô죿͵ϮǹзˣҶʵ
ȻǼҵķ͵ϮֻҪ֮ȥʹзȴû취ոϷûаյ㶼ȫˣھ͸õˡЦ
ʲôոûаȫˣ㻹ȥҶЩˣⲻЦ
ǺǣСҲҪţ㱻֮ˣֻҪϷסס꣬ҲʲôΣյģϷڶ൤ҩƣƳƵ֮ĵҩҲǺ׵飬ֻԼԵѡ


İٶʮ ϼһƭ
ǳԵ࣬ĵ֮ˣͱռˣжʹ࣬´ҾĻˣҿɲռҶ׻ǲȷճռĸо붼ܣʹܹǸжۡ
͵Ϊʦ˺˰ɣûΣˣϽȥæҪȻǵûķˡ
ѣҶҲعæֹ۲ڵսʱռϷ磬ҵĳ֮ҲԴӱսϵԲԽԽ
ҲǾεϮֻҲһԼҲ֪һ֮޷˼Թһûǰ޹˼ɵ֮ˣҶ׵˺һᣬҲûпٴֻ֮ž޴Ĺǰս˫ûгһߵľơ
ֻҲ֪㱻ˣٱ¶ˣҶֹ
𼱣ѾĶˣֻҪȴȥҪϵ֮ģĹϢϢҪԸĻҲȥǵ֮ζԼͷųֻ֮ζӦò̫ܡ
ҲŲɡҶ״һӣɴ˳Ϯǳ˲Һ͹Ⱥս֮С
սҶû̫ĸоеĹ޺͹ǰû̫ʲôͿ걬֣ļ£ҵٴӣĹޱһֻҶ֮Եһֻ
ĶȻҲгϺǻʾ֣ȴûҶڳֹ֮˫γ൱ľƣеĶ鴦·硣
Ҷٴɱ˼ʮ֮ȻǹЩֲ֧סˣҲΪʱû͵Ϯвˣ֮ٴУ֮ܶûü򿪣һֻű֮յ˲һֻžȫջˣͷҲȫڻ
ôϼһƭңҪұյǻܻͷûˡҶ״еߵһЩӶ֪ʲô飬ΪҶںǰ˵
ȴŲæЦϷƭǿס㲻ϷϷڵѾǰˣסûʲô̫⣬ҪȻϷҲȥðյģҲҪˣϽȥ͵ϮɣǹѾ˾衣
Ҷ˵ŷһЩҪȻ治ȥðգ֮Ҳ̫ˣӦñҪǿĽŻ˲ûˣҪԼĻǻʲô
ҶѪ͵͵˹һûڲ湥ΪȺ滹ΣգзǰҲйҪǰ湥ͬԡ
ɫĻٴһɲǣҶٴγ֣еѪٴλûһѪĺ󸹲һιķӦ͸ˣҶ׵ĹʵʵڵĻĹͷŷӦ
޴ĳȻùǰ㵹ҲҪҶ׳䲻⣬˹һֲˣڳԾͬʱҲץסһᣬٴηһֹâΪµͷ­ȥ
ꡭйҶ׸æȥոȥһǹ֮ﻹЩƣѵԼĸոһͽǿĹͷˡ
عͷһŷֲĹĹЧǹͷ­ûеֵסȫһͷǹǶıҶ׵ͳһֹǰֻͷ­Ĺȴûе£վİֻͷ­棬һӨɫĹâȻСȴԶϨ
ǾֻҪ꣬ʵͨĹˡ𿪿˵
Ǿûʲôˣҵ˵Ҷ׵
ĵãɱˣǵģʱע⣬ֻҪһǹƣϾȥĵֻʱлᡣ
һô죬ڵʵĶ֣οﶼˣΪ˵Ը˷ġ
㲻仯ģǼ˹ǿԸıò͵ϮֻȺٴαڵģˣϷͱҵˡ
ʦƶѽͽ̾ˡҶҲһЦҲֻ취ܵõˡ
ŰɣǰͼˣȻ֪ڰΪԼˣҪǱҲǵǹĵܶһɱˡ
һ˵ҶҲķǳСɲսʱǹѾԽԽ޷ֵĹеĹǰֵֻܵ屻Ĵ󵶿˿ڣȴûн
ǽ飬пܱһȻһֱͷ­ϧʱҲԼͷΣգҪĳǱҲûȻûʲôо
òڳԸ죬Ҷ׿æȥæһ˵ס˼Ĺлڳɱ
ؼ𡣡ٴʩչľɱеıγɵ֣γһһĹââ֮ʱһ쫷ΧܶĹֱӾͱҵɣȫûκεӰǵѾȫ飬˷۳
ǿҵâͬ˹ٴĵ֮ȻԴûˣǵ֮ȴûκεӰ죬ʱҲ֪ƴˣͷһɫӡǣһι״ķš
ǿҵâڽǹ֣һʱΧΧֻоϳһ˿ڣǶâγɵģе˶ܿµĹͣʧ֮ٴοâмĹ
ǵǰǰ߹ǾȻȫʧΨʣһǻ֧壬˸ͷ֮⣬ϰûκεĹͷˣЩͷâֱɡ
ǹؼĹͷ­ȴȻûܵԵĴ֮⻹ǵֵķӡĴԡ
ǵӡǹģǹʩչġڴʱҲЩԾ˵
ˣҶͬҲǳһ֪Щ޶Ϊ˱ʲôЩʲôûм
˲ǸһӡܱסҶ׷ǳԾʵΪǰĲ˽⵽֮ƵĶһЩǻʾʵѵϢǼٵġ


İٶʮ ɹȡ
ȻҲ֪ҵľͲҵϢӦòͻʥߵģͻƵĻҲɳڣͱǿϷ㣬ʵӦǻʾ۷壬пܴﵽ벽ʥߵĵز
ûͻʥߣһûлᣬ㻹˵һζԸɡҶû飬Ϊ֪Լܲȥ
ʱڳϹΪзӡʹʧȥ˺ܶĹȴսǿ󣬺һǿ֧ţҶ׸о˼飬ҲԳһͬûϵһӡ֣͹֮ûЧٴηԼǿһ
ƷâһûһתâһתƣǰȴǷޱȵĵâһĲǹͷ­ˣǽıǡ
Ϊ֪һǱϣǹͱˣҪ͹սܻٵ֮Դ
Ʒâһܹƿĳıǹȥʱٶȴǰǿ˲٣ΪǵӡãĹǰͬʱϮ͹Ʒâ
ҲûϵԷٶȻ˲ô죬ƵâϮͬʱһƷâϮĶȴǹĸĹ
޴Ĺǰ˵һƷâ˫ײǶо𶯣ֻǹûֵܹסڶâĹٴܴһѺ۳ǰɭɭĹͷ֮ϡ
ʱĹǰҲĻ壬ȻŽ֮ܵķ廹Ǳһɣһֱɳ˼׿⣬Ҳ֪Ρ
֮ŸѺۼӴѾЩҡҡ׹ڴʱæ˵СĻˣټһѻĸ飬ȡΨһĻᡣ
һ˵ҶҲǷǳļΪʱûл˲ᣬȷõĻˣûٳɣѪٴαѪХǰȫʩչϸɱ֮ɱ֮ɱ񾻻ȫѪһҲֹѪͨһƬ޴ͷĳǹĸ˺ҧȥ
ꡭҶٴһֹ֮ϲԼѪ˹ķˡ
Ȼǰǹĸȫ飬¶һżС飬ֻͨɫ͵֮ͬɫֻɫӵе¡
ѽŸٲûˡżĽе
Ҷ׸æץסʱ˹ĸǸܵشѾʧȥĲ䣬һӾ͵ڵ棬޴ѹס˲ٵĹޣʱҶ׳ĸһ־ץסǿɫ飬ٴζӡ
һжܶˣҿΪ˷֣رҺܵٶȼûܹ֣Ⱥ֮УǿŵѾŽɽ֮У˲ͿԼȫĨȥ˷ֵĴˡ
С㷢ˣðҲֵˣŵǻʾʤһˡ
һûзأ˭֪ʲô˵ҵСûˣ˵˵ôɡҶȻҲܸˣȴû˵
㻹Ҫҵ֮£ܿͻֹᷢĵֻҪʲôûˡ
Ҷ׵ͷʾͬȻٴǹǰ棬ʱԴȪȫߣûκεķҲ˲ʧΪһѰ׹ǡ
ǳԾֺ˷ܵĳǹĸȥҪǿĵֻҪӵһսˡ
ϧǹĸɫϾͱˣǰһ˵ĸտնûκεĶֻһЩ˵Ĺ
˭˭ҵĵվߵĴһϾΧ˵ע⣬ЩҵĵӶ֪ʲôΪǸ֪ʲôʹǲҵҲδ֪
Ǹո˭ҲûжĹͷҪҵĶʲôģһԵһ˵
һķŭԲø֪ܣ˵Ĺǵûп˭ȡʲô
ĲҵҲǷ׷ҡͷΪǸոնں͹޴ս˭ûҶ׵ĶҶ׵Ķɿ죬ر⣬ץӰ
ҲǾû˷֣ʱһæոҿһӰǸͣϾͷɿ뿪ˣȡҪĹǵɣ
һϢȻɫϾץסͽе㿴˭ȡĹǵ˵
ǲȴҡҡͷǳǸǸ˵ٶȷɿ죬ҶûüӣҵʱҪ͹սԾûôࡣ
ֱǷһһȻûпǸ˵ӣһֱӾˣǲȻڲҲǱϾԷǻߣʹҲֻˡ
ֱʱ򣬴Ҳ֪ϵĶжôıҪȻҲӣ֪ѾΪʱ˭֪˭͵ˡ
һ֮֮ҲƽһЩ￪ʼ뵱ʱսΪһ͹սʱһֱڰаԼֻԼʱΪԼҵţҲû⣬϶Ǹһû˵
ѵҵĵ֮гݻб֪飿ﲻЩˣΪϵĵֻǼ֪ӸҲ֪顣
ԣǿĹ֮͵Ϯǵ֮һǵƤµߵǲԼˣһû˭ӣǾֻǴġ
ϾͳˣһǰһҶˣżңʵԶҶף԰ĻҶ׵ǰ档
ܿʹ˰ͷΪһֱһĶ飬ʱ䣬ǾֻһˣҶס
ϾͳΧȥҪѰҶ׵䣬Ϊ֪Ҷ׾ȻӶ֮ҵҶס
ʱҶͽ۾ĵطȥͼǲֺ֪۾ڳ߿ҲµʼԼ͵˵


İٶʮ ϷݵĲѽ
Ҷ׿˹װʲô֪ڹ֮ɱ𣬲ʵûб¶һֱάڰ벽ߡ
Ϊ֪ԽǱ¶ʵԼĻɾ͸󣬾İ벽Ҳûа취ΪҾʵ֡
һ첻ʶסȥ·ûпһֱۣһȷɣٶ֮죬춼ûзӦ
ĹҲͬǲݰһҪǱֽ⣬ҪǷɳ⣬۾ʼնҶס
ϼһ㲻Ҫңô˧𣿡ҶһֹҲ֪϶ڲ̽ϵϢѰŵ䡣
ʦӦܹסϢɣҪˣҶ׵ĵ괫ʵ
ģȻʵǿǰϷҲǸˣ޷޷
Ҷû˵Ҳǿǰòãúᵱ¡
ǺðɣϷĹƭƭСơ
Ҷһ
ʱѾǰеϰȷе˵ӦǺɨҶ׵ĶֱʵǿҶһȭܻˣһںͶĥɲڳʱš
˭֪֣ȴˣֻһ֣һǿֱӴҶǰ漸ޣһ졣
һҶ˽ҲûˣװȥѰһ֣ȴˡ
Сֵܣм仰㡣ڿʵ
һҶײòˣװʱŷæ˵ԭݵ֪ʲôԸ
鿴Ҷ׵ϣûзֵϢⲢûҶ׵ĻɣΪܽĵط
Сֵܣ㣬ոǲҽֻɫƽ˫һֱڶҶ׵棬ֻҪκεı仯ܿ
Сֻа벽ߵʵôܰʹСģҲûѽҶϾһҧԼûаæҪǳǾ͵ڳ͵˵Ҷ׿ûôɵ
ҶʲôΪҶ֪ǳ˾ȾǾȣû
𣿡ֻһȻ͵ĳǰһģһɾ޴Ҷ׳
ҶҲûϵͻȻ͵ϮԼڵʵͷӦʹһ͵ϮܹܿҶȴûô屻ǿĵɳȥһ·ײ˼ޣˤڵء
ȵҶʱϸǳ˾㵺Ͳı飬ǳַǳŭ˵ΪҪ͵Ϯң
һ±е㲻˼ˣ̽Ҷף͵Ϯһ˵ıܷӦԻᷴģ֪ǣҶ׵ĸ֪ǿټϻһո͵Ϯ֪˼ˡ
СֵܱǸˣֻ뿴ʵʵȻû˰ɣеˣΪûԼҪĽȻҪ˼һ
ˣȻ£Ҳûʲô˵ģͲˡҶ׸Ͻץס룬תͳҵĵ֮ȥ۾ȴڶҶܹо
Сӣڻ㣬Ϸݵ治ѽҪȥƭСµСﶼҪƭˡ
ϼһٺ˵˵㻹˼˵㲻һƤұ룬ҪҺǸŮͬ󺦵ұ׷ɱڻ˼˵ƭСһ֪١
ҶҲˣ˵ݼû⣬ƭСɴûɹ
Сһα˵»ռ˱ˣһƯỤ̊ˣ㻹ԹƵģǲʶѽ
ˣҪǺ飬ø˵ˣҪȥսҶûټ˵ȥǳ嵽ս֮Уץסһʹ
ʱȴǽһߵ죬˵ڵǸҿסҶӵˣʲôϸҡ
еʵԼôҪ¿
ôôôϻһŭȣﱾͲˣñµĲˡ
һɲҺͻڲ൱ߵģʹִҲҪվæȥסҶס
ҲμսҪȡһֻĵǲҶ׵ĸսȴһֱҶ׵һһ
СӣһСڼ㣬Ҫעˡѵ
Ϳˣģܸ㶨
Ҷ֪ͬˣһֱעľٶ
Сӣ벻õһöȻʵ
ʲô˼㻹ȥҶʵ
㣬Ϸֻһ¶ѣǺöһŵܽʵһŵĻȵϷһֵҩڰӣսһҲﵽǻʾС۷ʵ벻ѽ
ϼһڹǰɣΪʲô㲻ڽϵĵɺڰӣҪȵڶţҶ֪İϷԼȥڶŵ
֪ˣʵǰɵҩֱһöӦûκε⣬ǳԵͷѣҪɵڶžûôˣΪ̫пܱġȻ鱣ӦòᷢǼʹƶҲкܴ˺ԵڶžҪɺڰ֮󣬾ֱӷãʱʵӦܹﵽǻʾС۷ˣ⻹ֻʵϷǻʾɸҲܹսƽ֡
ò˵Ļǳˣܹǻʾڸսƽ֣Ҷ׸ģʵܻɱǻʾڶ֣ǻʾڣ¾Ͳˣ˵ǻʾڣֻҪŵܽʵĵȼҶײòĶ
ãǱˣڶŵҲҪһȥҶҪȥˡ
ȿȣȥǸзеˣȥġ˵
㻹ҪȥģѾˣȥĻ𣿡Ҷһҡͷ
Сӣ뻢ѨɵûѽҪ֪ŵǺڰγǧĽᾧҪĵطǵòģҪȻķԼǣϷ˵ˣҪĵʱ˵ͷԹϷ򡣡
ƻȽĻ˵ˣҶԹҶһ룬ԼЩʵһβ֪ʱΣգٶһֺη
һҧҪסңһΣոæܡ


İʮ µı
УϷ֤㲻Ǹǡ֪Ҷ׻ӦٺЦ
ҶеҲҪȱǰ档
Ȼ˵ĹϵԽԽã˵ʦͽϵǰе㲻ԸھεսĸҲԽԽˡ
ֻǺٺһЦСݣҲϷ򣬲Ϸĵѽ
ҶٴòԽԽ޳ˡ
ȥɣϽģȥѵ
Ҷ׾һѣæԼҸûעĵطļʩչϵĹ˲ͷ˱仯ڲԱߵһҵģ仯ģӵģ֮Ҷߵֻ͵͵һ֣ҵӻΪ͵ϮϾεڵء
µģҶҲõԼˣֱһ·嵽ʱѾ͵ڶֻսѽѷˣһֻͬӵ緢֮Ȼӵ˵
һȴռΪ͹ս춼Ǵ˴ֻ֧죬ʵҲǻʾɣȻûѾﵽǻʾ۷壬Ҳܹ͹һս
ҶΧһֻֻʵҲ˶Կûܴʵǰһͷ
ôǻʾɵĸڣûлѽҶͷҪĻ̫Сˡ
ģֻ֪֮ܣֻǰæѣǹ֮ȻὫ֧ʱֿԹʼˡ
ĵãǲ֪ᷢʲôʣһȹ۲һʱ˵ɡҶҲûżڲɽۻļơ
ȻԱûҲע⣬һϴεĽѵȻӵСģʱʱߵˡ
Ҷ׾ץסžĴˣûѸٽЩޣĥ󹤣һֱڶԹ⼸˼ҲеˣôŬҲûа취ǰСӣǶԷҲûа취һǺټ
ڹû˼ģֻҪҶ׺Ǵ򣬾ǴҲҶһûһĺ͹޽ֵʱֵսѾﵽ˰Ȼ
Ҳ֪㣬һϾ͵Ϯǰչֱ֮֮𹥻еǱһԼĸ첲ջˣҺϾͽеĵҩ͵ߣ˿˲ϡ
ڹʱѾ͵Ϯˣ͵Ϯ屻˼߹ǣǼǸɶ˿ڣҺֻͬӴ󣬼ʹһȣǿԼ֧ս
ֻսֻһ类˵֮󣬼ʵһЩſʼĸͷ­طκһƣлȡõ
ȻһϾ֪зˣæѸٳˣȻеıٴηɫҫһڰ֮γɣԽԽֱӾڹͷ
ؼ𡣡Ѿȫ޴Ĺ֣һǿһл˹һͬԻܶ֡
ĵ쫷ʽڹ֮˺ҧһͷһ㣬ǹһ˿ֲǾģΪѾû壬ǿŹĿֲͬڹǺһ㡣
ֲֿǰһֻʱûзѷúܶ˶ǴһǸоǺëֱ壬ﶼһϢĿ־塣
СӣֻǰһֻҪڱ죬ҪСˡȻѵ
ҶҲе㵣ģæ˼ʮףоǲ׾ܵģܷǿķ
ǿֲֹͣǿҲʧҪؼͷʲôˣǲǺǰĹһᱻ
ǵǻûüʱǰҳϺȻоǰһϮǶͱǿҵĻֱûұߵ
ȴҳϵҪǵڹϮҳϵʱˣֱӾٵĸϮ޴ĵƺҪп
û뵽ǣһιûΪӦǰ죬ո͵Ϯľ޴ǰȻѾһæӵֿΪãڰ֮кѼʱ޴Ĺǰݺݵı֮ϣûнıɣȻûбǰУǾ޴ĳֱӴɳս
ٿ죬ǵȻֻʣǼܣǼܶбڻļ󣬿ǹûʧߵĹǼԱߣ޴ưסͷ­ʱǵͷ­ҲȫƣͼһɺɫϢͷ­ǱѾʧȥûκϢֻʣѰ׹ǣĿ֮£ǾȻվǷſĹǼϾͷһųս飬ŲҵӾһɱ
һĻҶҲĿɿڴţڶ̶Ƭ֮䣬ǲǻʾ֣˲ͱ˹ޣԼĵӺɱ
ô£׷ʲôҶ׾ֵʵӦֲˣĿ˲˹ޣбֲ
СӣСĵ㣬Ѿ죬ʵǰǸһѾﵽ벽ʥˣҲǳϷԤϣĻѾɫɫˣĵ֮ȫԽǻʾֱãͬʱӵһֹǾܽ׹ǱɹޣһʧȥԭʵֹйǳĿ¡
㲻˵ǳˣ⻹ô͵Ϯҿˣҿɲɰ׹ǡҶ״ùģ˲ɰ׹ǵĻʹͷ
Сȱ𼱣ǻһ𣿲ҵҲֻΣǵģֻҪȴˣûлҲʧʲô
ڴʱͬҲǾ֣ͬĿ±ãڶŲҵɱϾֻ֪ǿˣһܹģ㲻Լп
нϣ֧ԮѰԼİ֣ٻĲһİ֣ǲҵִϣһӵǻʾ۷ʵִϡ


İʮһ н
внִϾߣû˵ϣֻѾ죬챻ֱӱ˹ޣҪֲС
нĻҲǴһΪţæָָǰɱ޵ҸոߵˣѾֻ˹ˡ
нɫ˶ˣ֪쵽˭ΪѾֻʣ߰׹ˣенȴϵãǲλսѽ
ۿһ·ɱʮҵӾǵнҲûа취رܣһͳ˫͵ĳͷ­ȥʱҲǻûеǻعͷн˫Ѿǵͷ­֮ϣֱӽǵͷ­飬˲顣
н֮ȴǷǳѹǲҵľӢȻ˰׹ǣнûüˣѾеϿæһѾֲסˡ
нæ嵽˹ǰ棬ʱں͹սȻֵܵѾЩˣнϾͼսΪı磬нֻǺ֮ǣһĹֱϮеĳǹ˹˫ۡ
нΪִϣڷ֮еĹȻǷǳ˽⣬֪Ѿӵֻ꣬ۿ֮еĻļ֮أҪֱϨ𣬻ɱꡣ
ò˵нʵȺҪʰ·磬ĳǹٶ֮죬֮ǿĹǹҲΣգ޴Ĺǰٴλ裬Ųнĳǹ
䡣ŲнһŭȣǱһǹȻһ˳ǹֱӴһֻ۾ùЩֲæ棬ͼ뽫нĹƻˡ
ǲнҲǵ֮ͬӵɫϮ֮ʱȻɫĹâҶ׳Ծʱ򣬲нȫѾһĿױ
һıѽҶ̲סһ¿ˮʱս֮ϣǾҵĻֱյ˲нϣн˫ǹҲ˶Է˫ۡ
˫ˣнֱǱʮԶ֮һƬڣǱɫĿ׾Ȼ˺ɫˣֻûκεˣ¶ͷչ֮⣬ûбɫյ
ܹ֮ıǾһϧǲԼģҶ׾֮̾Ҳֻ̾Ϣˣǹȴ˴ۣһֻ֮𱻲нĳǹУԳ˻ζҲ˺ܶࡣ
һֻǹƫ˷λֻǴ˹ۿȻۿȴ֮ûκε˺һعױŭˣ񷢷ƵĳнɫĻһǼʮԶûͣЪƺҪнֱӿ
нȻнɫ׵ıҲҴ⣬Ҳ֪֮ǿҲûа취֮һֱտæѸٱܿЩҵӾ͵ùˣһ֮ɨʮҵӾͻΪҽˡ
ֹͣнԼĲҵһ˲ͱ˻ҽϧ֣ͬںЩǲнǲִϣһֱҵΪԼӵܡ
нٴγ֣˫ǹ뷢ǹͷѾֳ˵âγһͬŵۣǲнľ
š
һǹĻţǳƯŵȴҪֵɫĻȻѸٵתγֻǿͷֱ˫ȥ
ǾڲнƴʱȴûжԶעҶҲо̫Ƕˣæ˼ƴˣãһԿ֣ʲôö
⣬ҪСҲѾ˲ҡ˵
ҶҲЩɣǲҵˣôܿôҵȥ⣬ʹͽҲǶԲҺĵĮ֮ˡ
Ҷ׶Ҳ˼־֮ģʱнĹҲ͹֯һ𣬹û棬ΪҲ֪ԼĻԷзֻһ˸о˼Ķſ޴ֱӾͳͷҧȥ
нҲûϵĹԼĹǿޱȣʹǹ죬Ҳûа취ܵס
һҪܵˣǿǹ첿Ͼͷ˾޴Ĺ͹Ǳһֱӽ飬ͷɳǿĽɱƺҪͷ­Ҫɱ
ǵǹͷɱʱһж˱仯ǹȻ˵ҫ۹âŲнȫɱǹͷȻֹͣ˹Ӧȵķ֣ԼֻǹͷȻֱҧס
һòнҲǾ֣æͼԼĳǹǹȴƴҧסȻнĳǹҲǵʹҲܽҧϣȴܽнĳǹҧסòнûа취Լ
޳ܵҪˡ˵
Ҷ׵Ȼ֪˵˭ˣæȥһֱڹ۲ŹͲнսһûᣬΪҧסн˫ǹûа취棬ͬҲûжپԸˡ
Ʒâͼһ͵Ĵ˹ĸҪĸȡһöǿĵ
Ȼڲн屻ֻǹסûа취ֻܺȻҧסǹǰ͵˦ȥнͬ˳ǹֱӷɳ׿⣬Ѳн֮һҵĵ֮
ʱѾеˣ֮ʱƷâѾ˹ĸڴʱȴȻƷâӳһ塣
ӳ֡ͼԭѾγ˿¹Ʒâ˲ǿһתٶȺͷâĹʱǿӳĿɲһĶһֿǿĸֻֻʹһΡ
Ϊֻ֪ʵԶǰһֻüӳֵĻûа취ԷĹ
ʵҲȷˣڼӳǿһĹ֮£ĸȻˣһ֮ǿĸѺۣһмʮ糤Ĵѿڡ
ɹˣһϲǻûеüˣʹ֮еĹҲǿһ޴ĹǰٴǵƴĶųηƣھ޴Ĺͬ裬һᣬǱ˼ͷʱ飬û顣
ҲԹĹ̫˺޴ù׵ķ˵͹ˣϾͳ˻սĶ飬ﲻйޣǲҵӣǵ


İʮ 
ĳùһֱ׷ɱǰЩ޺ͲҵӾǱһ㣬ڹĵ֮֮ȫʧûκεĺۼ
һԵҶҲȥˣòҵӵơϧûкսʵһȥֹ
ûȥȻ˻ȥǲн˾ͳҵӵˣҲһŭͺͲнǺܶ·һгͻҪΪҪսŻһ𣬿壬ҲˣֻҪĻֻµĹ
ѪɱաнٴγԼľУһǹ֮˲ǿΪһ˳׵ľǹڲнĿ֮£ֱ壬ǿ岨γһΧĵӺ͹޷׷ױɣеĹֱӾͷˡ
ռ˿µ˺ѣǾ޴ƿģһ˺ѣ˺ѵĿռ϶ͻɷǣ壬Ҳȫ˺ѡ
޴ĳǹֱӳͷ­ȴ£͵ڳ˫֣ȻӲץס˾޴ĳǹʱĹѾﵽʮףȻ׳ǹС˵㣬ȴʾ޴ĳǹֱӱ˫ץסƳǹĲн͵ĳһ󶶶ǳǹץסĳϾס˫ıʵˡ
ʵнǹĶ֣ǴʱĹصĴˣĵҲ𶯣ʵӰǳ޴һͲнγ൱״̬˫ά֣˭Ҳûа취һ
޳ܵҪˡֿ˵
ҶϾͿٴδȺ֮г֣һεĻһθãΪͲнƴѽԼõöĵˣеıٴαƷâֱӹ˿ڡ
ȻϧѾûа취ڳֹˣһ֣Ǿ޴ĳǹܽԴֱӴ̱֣ͬҲҪ군
ٴγ֣Ļȫʱ壬Ϊн֮ܵķʹˣҲϧҪõö
꣬ǹĸٴγѷ죬һѷ󣬼¶ǸһСĿռ䣬ʱҲǿҵĵֱ֮Ӹ˳ȥ
ڽ֮ܵķ£ǳԿˣΪֻĵ֮Ҫǿֻ֮ܶ࣬ס˴󲿷ֵĻͷ˫ЩطյֻżǱյʣ¹ͷˣҺоҩæԼ£ǹͷ֮Ͼͳ⣬ѸٵĻָ˿ڡ
ȫһ֮£޷ٺͲнˣֻצʧȥһЩǿǹͷûͷ­ֻۿ˲䱬ѣֻͷ­ûбǹֱӱǽǹͷ­֮С
нæͼȡسǹǳǹȴεıˣǹ⽫ǹסƺ֪Լһ޷ѣҪǾһսǹ̴Ĺȴûͣ£󲽾ͳɱ
Ϊ֪ǶвȻʱѾ;ĩ·ǿķǿʱҹǰõʱƺӵĿ£ǹǰǵص˵棬Բڣǲҵӻǹǹ죬˲ͱĹǰҳϡá
ʱȴͬһսĶ֮жܣһֱ˶ĵطܣΪҪľͿ׵ȡߵֻϧĲҵӣûŪô£ͱ⽴
̫ˣϷҪСһԵĲн޷оˣ
ţʹ߲ΣʼһߣʹҲ׽ô˵ֻҪõǵпͻư벽ʥߣʹҲǰ벽ʥ߶ѣҪԼҲҪúÿһˡ
нᣬֻ󣬶סĹǴʱѾ׷񣬲нɵǰ󷨣Ҫסڹһ֮£еӡȫ飬෴н뵽˹Ĺ֮С
ʱȴᣬȴŲн͹ĻɱϣԽײԽãΪ֪ѾǼֲ˶ˣʱǿ£òнȥһɱɡ
УȥϿѡҶ׿ϲнǳʱܱ걬һҵҪĿľΪ˰Ҷȹѹأ˳ҳҵļϸнɱԲҾһ޴ʧΪֻһִϡ
Сӣѵ룬ֻڳǳǹѾķˡ˵
ôʹһѪǡҶбķҲ̫¡
ѪǺãֻһǵҲҪˣ򲻵ѻǲҪ
ҾͲܳ𣿡ҶЩʧҳһɱһˡ
ȻҪϷͰһѣϷԴӳûгֹǺϷʱץס
ʦҪˣҶ׵
СΪϷ˭ԴϷҲðķգϷֻ״̬Ψһľ깥巢㲻þͻԪ𣬵ǸزͨıҲȲԼֻʵǿϷ깥ҲֻܽƬ̣Ƭ֮ڣʧȥӦķǳΪ˱ǲֶõģҪô̵ʱ˵֪𣿡
һ˵ҶҲеˣֻҪа
ʦģһᾡȡս
ߣҪǿϷʦķϣϷҪúÿһǲǸó֣ˣΪʦţҽˡˣСûʽİʦǰɣʱҪϷϡ
Ҷζͷˣʱ£æҴӦˣȹ꣬ǲ϶֧Ųסˡ
˵Сӣעˡ
Ҷֻо֮ȻһǿֱͷͷûһϬâ޷̬ǰĹ
Ȼ겻ǿҲǶԣҪǺҶȣҶ׶Ƕ֡
ƺҲоһֿµϢֻһεĹȫͬоֹͬӰΣоĴڣȴôΣա


İʮ ٴ
Ȼ֪ҲһķǵϢĴͷ­ֱ͵ĶʶΣжǿ
Ĵ룬һɾ޴ѹùһӱĴĹҲ˻״̬нûæ޴Ĺǰ֪֮ʲô£ֻ֪Լþˡ
Сӿ֣Ϸɲ̫ࡣߴٵ
Ҷ׸æеѪѪ״̬еһ𱬷ﵽҶܷӵļ£״̬ʹǻʾɿҲҪˡ
ѪٴλûһѪһѪʮףҶܹǿ״̬Ѫͷ­Ѫţʱһе״̬
ơҶȫһ޴Ѫ˹ĸ˿ڣǹʱҲ֪Ҷ׵Ĺϧʱ걻ѹƣûа취ڳԤĹΪ״̬Ҳǿ󹥻һ񣬿𣬵Ǹʱ˲ͻʵ
ĵͬҪԴȪƺŬѹ֮£Ȼž޴Ĺǰ͵ĳҶ
ֻϧٶȹȻ˵һ̫ˣҶڵٶȣȫԱܿ
顭һ󼫾ײһڹĸ͵ըΧȥױըǹĸһαѣĹǳܲסըѿ
ڹ棬Ҷ׶ܿǿŵֻɫǰһЩͬɫâҫҶҲôˣ־ͳǹĵץȥ
֣Ҷȼ˲䱻ջⷽľ飬ϽŹ̵ĵӽɽ֮УæѸٺ󳷣ֱɣĹǰϮ
ֻǹĵᣬ˲ʧҲһ飬ջԼ깥عҶ塣
Сӿܣõ۾Ѿˡ𼱴ٵĴߵ
Ҷ׻ˣæŵȺ֮УѾ
СվסҪȻҪʬΡˣһŵһֱԲܴӦ
׷ɱ仯ģ
Ҷ׸æе룬㵽һȺӵ󣬼ٴʩչϾͱһʮĲҵӣҼս֮С
ڶҶףҶ׶㵽Ⱥ֮ٳȥȴҶ׺ȻʧһɻΧҵӣȴҲҶ׵ټ
СѵλӰɣǲܡ۾ƿƬ̣Ҷеˣ۾ٴζ⼸ҵϡ
ˣȻҶ֪Լļһֺѱı仯֮ǱϾҲʹûҲ
ǼҹȻǼҵӾʹе
⼸ҵӶ֪ô£ֲòϾ͹ԹԵվǰоҶףֻڵһʮĲҵӣڱģ֮ʱҶͬȻڵأ߲Զ
ȻЦСӣȻ仯ģҪ㻹ô䣬ȥ
ȻƳһģǻʾ۷Բ⼸ҵܹܵģҪƳҶס
ҵ͵ĿԼ֣ǵ˫֮г˾㵣־壬;Ϊ֪֣мܵģһǱɡ
ҶףһҲеڽˣѾ׼ҪĹʵȻܺȣǵֵסһεĹܹġ
һԼֻᱻ¶ˣҲ򲻵ѵ飬Һùؼʱվ˳Ҷ׳ˡ
ȻԼĵ֣ϷӦֵʱܳһӰӰ৵Ĵ̳һ˳ǹֱϮĺԡ
ʹдҲҽԼĺԷѾ֪Է˭ˣǾǲҵִϲн
òҶ׵˵ĹӦнĳǹ弱Ưƣ㿪˲нĹнѾɵҶ׵˵ǰŭݵĺȵΪҵӣǻߣȻԲҵӳ֣㻹ûģ㻹ǲǲҵӡ
Ҳû뵽ֵ鷳ͲнͻΪ֪нʵ֮ϣæϣˣոҷһǱҵļϸпҵˣҪ顣
ߺߣҽƱ磬Ҫɱǲҵӣǰ棬ͽǲҵӵĵƣ˼ǵ˵ǲҵļϸϷڲòɣǲǲҵͽǲҵˣô᲻ҵӵ£ڻҪȻɱҵӣΪִϣʹϷҲܽΪҳ󻼡
нȻǻ壬ڲңݽ峤ʹҲҪģֻȴ޿֣ΪͬǣΪߣҪɱҲô׵飬ʹǲԼҲҪʼͬ⡣
н㲻Ҫ̫ţһִôҾ㻹ûʸҷʩûʸоȰ㲻Ҫ£ҽͽԻҲ峤
ǺǣЦҪҵɱҵӣҪִӶЦҪˣҪȥ峤ԼͻлˣϷ򲻵ҪǣҪץסҵˣ峤ͷС
нΪҳϣһԱߵҶҲǷǳԼով˲нҲоοˣոԼԼˣҲǳƽˡ
нƥ㲻֪ʲôʱ𣿻ҪҶ֣ΪץסңҪûңĲҵӣһ㣬ʲôǳȥ˵
ҲЩˣͲнͻһΪԼнƽ֣ʹӮˣڲҲʧȥеĵλ
нҲҪһڳϵҪʧ˸ǿİ֣Ϊ滹кܶĹҪ
ãϷӦ㣬ҪǸٶԲҵӳ֣ǽǵԼĵƣϷǲɱޣҲҪɱ㣬һ㡣ȵȥ֮Ϸ򻹻ץȥ峤峤䡣
ߣϼһĺãҪͷң峤ҲûʸȻﲢԸӲнֻһ֮ƣҪȽѲĶָߣʱеǻɱҵ
ȥԸȥ峤뿪˰ɡյ˵
ноӦҲˣΪɱҵҲòʲôôҪ峤𷣣֪ҪõǵΪ˵Ҫ˵ɱҵӣҲɱ


İʮ 
нƺЭˣսڼҲûиľԸֻϵȥ֮ٴн͵ϷһΣϣ㲻ҪٺΪˡ
¶һ˿ЦȥԸĵ˰ɣҪ˷ʱˡ
нĴ뿪Ҷ˭нһߣϾͻɱǣµòվ
ϣһϾͻɱǡҶͻȻվ˳
нȵĻعͷ˿ҶףҶֻαװһͨĲҵӣҵмǧˣҲʶȫ
˺ǣнʵ
ǵĲϣոҪɱǣڲòǲǲҵļϸҪŴսʱɱҵӣҵʵոսɱҵӣǹģֻһαװҪԶ֣ǲҵĵˣ㲻ҪŹ
Ҷһ˵нЩɵһӾͱ˵ˣֿͽҲе
Ǹող㱻ɱˣۿݺҵӣ˵ǲǲҵĵˡ
Ҷ׼нѾɣæֳߵĲҵӽ£ЩҵӲͱɱˣǱҶһ˵Ҳ׹ֻҪнһߣϾû
ҪɱǣҪɱǡ
ϲҪߣߡ
һʱ伸ҵҲнҲˣȵѾʧȥ˲ҵӵأǶ㣬ԲִϵҪ뿪뿪󷨿ռ䡣
нҲȲѣûоս滹кܶĹ޴ҪԸһӦЩǿĹˡ
ɫٴͻ䣬ҶĽеҾ˵ôȻʧˣǸһȻе㱾£콫͵ߵĶóҲˡ
ϳҶ׵ıΪҶվˣ۹⣬ϳѡ
㻹ҵǰԲҵӽпţִϲ𣿡нϾͻסҶףȻ֪Σо̵ġ
нƽʱΪӻ᷸룬Ȱ첻Ҫԣһ͵ҶȻҪȡأѵһҵȡԼĶҪֹҲ̫ˡ
һ˵нתͷҶʵûĶˣͻϷ֤İȫ
Ҷ׿ɲɵôܽύһװ˵ϣѵĻҽɱңΪҸո˵ǲҵĵˣġ
нĽҲòż֣ϾƽʱΨҶݲñ˵
Сӣ͵ҵĵ㻹ҽƱ磬ҲʬҾͲҲҶ׼ŭˣҶ̫ˣ͹
һ²нҲǴһæʵ˵ǵ
нȻҲ˵ȴûмΪǷǳϡеĺڰϳ˺ڰܹ֣½ûмΪǿĺڰҪڵһĻ֮γɣԲŽе
ͷ뽲ܣӻľϢ۹֮Уһγ˵Ҫγɣͱںڰ֮£ػ۹֮УҲֻвҵӵԳ
һΪ˶ȡɾͱʥΰҵû뵽ŴαСͷߣոֻĹϾһŵͨĹǵͬߣϣһŵҵĻԸƽ֣һһô
ò˵ǳķ񣬲нҲ֪һŵжô󣬼ʹͼĵҲЩǻʾǻʾκμʵǻʾ۷ͻư벽ʥߣǻʾ۷˵ֱջ
ǲнǲнܹΪҵĵһִϣջİѿ˾壬Ҳֻ΢΢һ£ϾͳҲӦ㣬Ϊ֮еıﶼڲңʹǵҲһӦýңòԷ䣬Ҳûʸ̣ôܴӦƽֲҵĲƲǳ˲ҵˡ
нβӸľһ㲻ҪҪСŵͲԼˣĴе
нҲЩɵûеΪ̫󣬼۹֣˵ȷŵ
Ȼȷո׷仯˱ĲҵģӦþǸˡ
нһȻ֪ҵҶףǿ˿ҶڵòȴЦϷ񶼿Ǳ仯òǲе̫ǣǿˡ
ϼһ㲻ǰɣǺãھѲϣұ֤ҵŵҵŵٽԭΣҲ˰ɣǱǲҪȡˡ
ãֻҪҳҾĻҲеξͶˣ뿪󷨿ռ䡣нӦΪҲţܴһҵҵŵҵӾǼðġ
СˣԹԽĵʱͲˡһ˷ܣΪֻҪнӦҶϵĵܹҵ
ҶﲢΪѾŵغˣҲҲĵҲ󣬳ԼǾͲˡ
ϣԸҲΪѾҺ֮ˣҵõʲôĻԸܳͷ
нҲҶ׵ĻҲ͵ǾϷͣӦϷɡ
Ҷɫ࣬Ҳûа취внҲôԲнҲţֻҪҵԲнԸ񣬾Բֵġ
ǺãҪҵĻСӾԲҪɱѾҶǺ޵ԼŵߣھȻòнɣ֮ܲ
нӦҲ̫ʱ䣬ΪҪȥԸ޴æ㽻ϵƷ
Ҷ׷ǳϵĽԼϵһöɽ佻˳ɽ䣬һģһԼģɽȼߣ䣬ȻռֻһӴСȴرᱻ˷֣Ҷеõı棬õĿľ괺̨׷籦񣬻ص̵ȣֻһͨɽ䣬һЩͨƷ


İʮ ֮ܵ
ʱҶѾԼŵͨɽ֮УҲŽ䣬ΪһͨĲҵеϢȫ䣬һöɽ䣬һСѡ
нҶϵɽ䣬ȻҲЩԾΪɽһĲҵӻǺϡҲһЩҵӻǮһöͨɽ䣬ڲҲкܶˣԲнûʲô̫Ļɡ
нųʶ̽Ҷеɽ䣬һЩͨƷ֮⣬ȫûκֵǮ⣬һöûУнͬҲ̽öװԱ䣬ʵȴԶԶûдﵽöصĵز
нûзκεܣȴ¶΢ЦΪͿ֤Լĵû£нöɽֻҶףͷЦûҵʲô׵ġ
һнĻʱͼϼһ㵽ûп㲻ҪԼ۾ϹˣĵȻûз֡
н˵㲻ϷԼ̽һɽ䣬Ͼ㲻Ѳ飬Ϸʵܲᷢб𣿡
붼û͵ͷӦһҶײӦˣɲðգԼеı棬һȥĻͲˡ
ϣҲܴӦѾˣΪʲôҪ㣬ǲҵĶġ
Сӣ˰ɣҪıùһѾҶ׳˹
ʲôҶ׳ʱ򣬲нѾסȥ·
ƥ򣬲ҪҪҵĵ۾ˣŲнʹ
Ϸڣݵ񡣡нҲãгǹֱָ
һһԼҪͲнսˣѾܹȷҶеԲܷŹ
Ϊ𣿱Ϳ㲻˳ˣͿ㵽жı¡
ҲóԼıǰȳһǳн˹һεĹش󣬴ҪͲѣΪöʹͲҾѣҲ⡣
ˣϷ͸һۡнҲ˲ôˣǹһֱĹ
ĸֽ֣ʱΧеӵע⣬Ƕ֪ʲôôִϺսǾԲǺϢ
ʱĹ޴ͣûͲнĵֿǺֱɱĲҵһ·ˡ
ͲнǹӲϯ׷ΧغȴǸ˺ûռˡ
ƥҿֶܼã㿴Ĳҵ޴仨ˮ㻹ʱҶԿⲻҲڼɱҵ𣿡յЦ
нȷ˲ʵӦ֮ϣΪĺĲҵӣŲȫԸ
е鶼ģִԲϷҪɱˡнŭ
Ż˭ѽɱ˭ɱ˭ؼ𡣡ʹսǿҵֱӳ˲нߵĲҵӶҪꡣ
ǹ¡нҲʾǹֱڰ֮γǹͷ鳯ȥ˫ڰ֮γ˿µĽ棬ǹͷ֮ϾͳһĻ⣬ʱյһƬҲеĵӱâֱӻУϾ͵ز
ơнٵʱˣҪٶȻܼٲҵʧһӷӵ˼£ǿĽɫǹͷʱâǽɫ㳯ĵȥ
Ҳƴѽͷųǿһˣͳ׵ˣҲͷųȫеȫеתĵ֮ϣһʱ䣬תʱһ룬ǿҶתǹͷȻ飬˫һγ˶״̬
ۿԼòнЩżһżǹʱͳ˲ӰʵķӣץסĻᣬ֪нĲֻҪסнҪʧܡ
ǸҳֵʱˣҶ׿ϵ¶˻΢ЦǴ򲻹ĳض¾˵ˣڡ
Ҷ׳ȫԸнʱĵƶԼ壬ȥСһĶѪѾҶ׵Ѫɫ̱ͬһıϮ
նɱ֮ŭǿĸҶ׵ʵӵƻĳ̶ȣѪɫ˲ûɾֱͷ­
ʱŷ쳣֮࣬ȴûа취ԸҶ׵ĹǰнѾֻмܣֱҶҹνǸܵС
һⱬһֽɫâҶҲһϾ֪ķ֮ܣֻû뵽ȻܷĹ
䡭޴ǽ֮ϣҶ׾ȻоԼ屻һǿײⶼԼǽܷ֮˻ֻǼʹ޴ɱǿҵ𶯣ڵʱͳңʱؼʱ̣ǰʱͳѣнǹâֱӴ塣
ʱҶҲɵգ弱ٵˣȴǱнǹâУһûֹͣеСӻʲôϵķ
Ҷױһѣﰵϲæٴ׷ϵߣʱѾ뼸ʮǹۣˣڵɶȥʱҶѪٴαѪɫâֱӿľ˫۳˿־壬Ѿûа취мˣܸ֮æųҪֿҶ׵Ϯ
֪Ҷ׵УȵľĽ֮ܣܻ֮ûüתλҶ׵Ѿ嵽м䣬Ѫ£ǿѪֱƻͽ֮ܵϵȻֻʱģȴѾ㹻ˡ
ʧȥĿƣ֮ܶʱ͵£Ҷһ̾ͽ֣֮֮ܵʱѾߵܣȲн׷
ҶѸֳнΪҪԸûʱҶףҪˣԼŵԼﶼˡ
ֻϧмʮǹȫ³˼ʮʹȥ׷ҶףҲҪнӦӦ
нҲЩ֪ʲôҶ׳൱֮죬ڳ֮ʱѾٴα仯ģнΪǸҶ׳֣Ϊǲλ
ȴ֪нŪ״ԼֲУƿڴϻ쵰ǸСҵı㻹ǲҵ𣿡
нһѣŸое㲻ԣæͷһҶαװĲҵӹȻˣ֮£ֹͣ˶Ĺ


İʮ ڰ½
գɲĵĽеƥ֣һҪͻңǳͷ㡣
нһ·ˣҪĻȷַ˵֮ˣһĽҲʾ
Ҫ˵ĻҪ˵ϷȻֻΪϷҲͬ棬ҲŹ㡣
棬ͻѹӣӽͺͲһϣһҳϣΪϡԻݣҪץסǸ֮ˣҪץסץȥ
Ҳˣ֪нһԽ֮ˣԼϴ
нȷе޿κΣΪʵȷˣʹҪɱҵӣҲΪһǵ֮ˣҲ˵ĹȥڸҲǸš
ڲн֪Ӧʱȴһ˵ϣ˵ңֻˡ
нͷһͿҶαװǸģֳˣнϲæȵոȥˣ
Ҷ׸ոձܣȴĽòнΪԼڹѡվ˳û취֡
ϣոյں͹սǺңֻˣ֪ʲôˡ
нһ˵ΪոҶ͵Ϯ֮ʱͬݣЩҶ׵Ļ͵ϷҪ鿴һ¡
нȻҪҶϵĽ֮ܣҶ׹ԹԵ߹ȥϵıͲغˣнٴβ̽ʲôһл˵ˣ˼ҸûߣǸ͵Ϯĸ֣нЦϷͱ㺦ˣû뿪ϸûʲô㱦ˣ˵ĳңڲҵҲ٣иҲûʲôֵġ
һ²нŤת˲ʽѪϵƸأһ۾ܱϳҶ׾Ǹո͵ϮԼˣƫƫнۻ軨
Ҳֲܹнн۹һֻûôۣҶһֱǲҵݣнỳɡ
Сӣ㹻ݣϷˣСӷģֻҪڲңϷһὫʬΡ
֪ԼѾܴܲнˣȥðպ͹սѾ˳󷨿ռ䡣
˭֪Ҷ׵һ仰ֲѪҶϾͶԲн˵ϣвңҪ
ǸѽʱҳûӲ³Сš
˵˵뿪ս飬˳󷨿ռ䡣
һߣнŻعͷ˿ҶףȻҶαװģֱҲòģֻǰֳ
Ǿ͵ҪҶ׵ʱ򣬹޴Ϊ͵ĹһµĹʼнҵѾսˣûа취ֵˣ˲ҶףϾͳ˳ȥ͹޴֮ǿĹսһ
գһºˣҪ鷳ҲˣôȥҶе㲻֪Ǻˡ
Сôˣ˵Լݣ֪｣ˣҲҶôֻҪסǸˡ
Ҷ׵ͷΪнûץʲô֤ݣȫõģΨһĵľı
Ͻԭģװʲô鶼ûзȥˣ滹кܶĹŹֵȥ֣ȥ̽հɡ
˵ҶĶˣΪֹ͵õöһֻ˵׬ˣҶ׸æ͵͵룬ȥһսӣֱ仯ԭģսһԿޡ
ܿ죬ֳһǲҵʮߣмĲҵӣԭȥ֮󣬲Ϊ˴£æɳǰһ£Ԯܿռ
޴޷֧ţҲʼĺˣҶ鿪ʼͨΪǺڡ
˵ǺİޣӦûйôֻ࣬ǵʵӦñȹ޸ǿ
ֱ޴˵һڰͨǾҲûкˣеĹ޽ͨȫ飬ͲҴγ˶״̬
Ҷ׷ڰͨһ׵ţɲĺڰ磬Ҳ֪ǸʲôƵȥӦûˡ
ڰͨǧףҶҲǰʲô˵СӣĵǴȥˣǺˣǵĴӪڰŵʲô֪𣿡
Ҷ֪æʵʲôôʲôԿ
ٺ٣СӣɲһĵطǺڰ½ڣڰ½֪ɣĵطڰ½ǳڴ˵֮Уֻ˵Ĵ½ĴڣȴûҵȻǺڰ½ͨ
ҶҲɵˣڰ½ʲôطǵɣæʵô֪ģ㲻˵ûȥ𣿡
˵һˣΪϷľҲûȥϷһǧǰȥڰ½ֻûдðˣҲǴѣȻ֪ڰ½һЩܡ
ԭڰ½ҲȥʲôʱҲȥѽǲʲô⣬ҲüʶʶҶһ͸ˣҲȥ˵еĺڰ½ʲôģ
˭֪ȥӵҲȥڰ½֪ڰ½ʲôطұ֤ȥƬ̾ŵӣϷ㣬Ǻڰۼ֮أпᣬ䣬Ѫȣ񶾵ľۼ֮أֻҪȥϷ֤Ͼͻϣֵ˲ͱһûʲô𡣡
ҶĻһѽôֲֲ绹Ըȥ
Ҫȥѵ㲻±Ǻڰ𣿡Ҷ׷ʵ
ϷȥȻϷԭΪϷèҲȥڰˣˣѽȥϾͱĶɣ˵ʲôˣ׹㶼˶飬Ϸȥǿӵʥ򾳵ʵΪһֻкڰ½ŻֵĺڰǻƵҩͻƣϷҲֻĺڰ½ѣ֮Ϸ嶼ڰռǿĺڰʴµʱŽϵĺڰȥɾȥǸʲôģҪǵȥĻұ֤һ
Ҷľսֲ飬ȻһֲĴ½治УæҡͷһǲȥǺڰ½ˣҪСıңһҵȥҲҪˡ
ٺ٣С˰ɣģϷᱣġЦҶ׸Ǹое㲻̤ʵ
ʱҴȫ޴ʱʱй޺Ͳҵ䵽£Ҷ׸ǸоֲЩȥĲҵӿҲֻܱˣҲ֪Ǻڰ½ɣҪȻǾԲԸǰ


İʮ ڰռ
ΪкڰͨҴҲûа취ǰҶҲ˺ڰͨһͷûа취ȥһʱ޷
Сӣ벻ȹȥȻ˵
ѵа취ҹȥҶһˣֻ֪Ҫ𿪿ڣ϶а취
취ȻһֻͿûˡش
ҶϾ;˵ʲô˼ѵʲôΣգ
ûΣգڰͨΪûΣһڰ̮ͨˣôҵӲڰ½ȥˣȥˡ
аɣڰ̮ͨ
ֻҪͨʲô̮ģֻûǿѣһڰ½һʵǿ飬ֻҪָͷڰͨͻ̮ǶΪڰѪԴ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵Ķֲ̫ˣڰʲô֪
㻹˵ʲô취ҹȥɣľͲҪ˵ˡҶ˵
֪СӵҲǾ͸ɣͨȥºѣЩ޴Ϊ˱ǽȫſܹȥֻ²һˣҪȥĻҪڰͨȥ
ڰͨ棬˵ڰ½ڹȥҶ׾ȵʵ
ȻˣҪȻΪܴϷɹȥ϶ǹ޴ģ㻹ûȥͱɸˡ
㲻˵ǳΣ涼ûĵطһȥô죿Ҷ׸æʵ
ֻ˵Ǻڰ½û˵ϷʲôΣգ˵ûҲûһģڴ󲿷ʱ仹ûʲôħֳֵġ
Ҷ⻰ǲģⲻǻпܳЩԥˡ
㲻׷籦𣿴ڰͨȥû⣬ֻҪ鹥УʹУϷҲֵġ
Ǳߵʲôıֵôðգȥ֮ʲôûУһȥҶҲԼһˣǾͻˡ
Ǻ㵽Ǻܻ̣ǲ˲ôҵӵҪȥȻкܴĺôǺȱǵ»Ҫ߼ͨڰ½Ҫǵõ˵Ϳȥڰ½һߣȥѰҸĵҩϺ͸ǿǱڵĴ½ҲǿıͬԺʵкܶδε飬ֵǮ⣬óȥѴѵпܣ½ϼֵܳģҪû˲֡
һҶĶˣоԼֻҪ˵һ£ԶȥûзԵĻᡣ
㲻ȥǺڰ½𣿿϶Ҳ˰ɣɴͽˣҲðȥڰ½ѰˡҶЦ
ĵΪǴϵһץһϷȥڰ½ҲֻǴѣһΪѰǹǵʹҲһļϷʥ򾳽˵ûãҪõǿ㲻Ҫĺڰ½ѰһرиüĿ
ԭǱߵʲôҲǺ
ߣǶϷԣ㣬ٺ٣˵õһͨҲ˰꣬Ų㣬Ҹ˵ȫȥȥԼϷɲԼûôԹ顣
ҶæЦȥǣȻ㶼˵ˣȻҪȥǾͳ
ٺһЦģ֤ġ
Ҷ˳˹Ķ飬棬һ뿪Ⱥ֮һûעĽ䣬ķų׷籦ϱ֮Ͼͷ˺ڰͨ档
һڰͨ棬ҶϾ͸оһĺ䣬ⲻһĺ䣬ΪҶʵһĺ˵ûκεӰ죬ǵڰͨ棬ŸоǾΥĺˣұǰоĺ䣬͸䡣
ҶҲԴ䣬Ҫǵ˺ڰ½ǲֱӱ˱𣿡
ȴЦ棬ɲˣѪɷֲ֮ڰ֮Ὣȫûģëëˡ
ϼһ㲻Ҫ˵ŻаɣΪŴġҶҲеˣϼһѰġ
ˣϷ򲻳ˣעˣʱֹҪ÷
ҶײòʮֵСģûмʶ鹥ʲôӣѵʹ˵еһƮ
顭춯Ҷ׵׷籦ʱͲ㷭˹ȥһæ߶ʮһѪֱӳ׷籦濳ɱֻһͬĿֲоԼѪʲôϧʲôûп
׷籦ȴڻζԻ鹥ҶһԼĹЧĴԭҲôѪʹһɱҽ֮׷籦Ű
ȻûģҶ׸оԼˣԭҲûжͣһһ
Сӱ̫⣬⼸ֻǺڰ½飬½ϵͼʿѣΪб𣿵ľ֪ʲô鹥ˡ
ͼ飬Ҳܽ׷籦ŪĲ㷭ˣҶֽæӿٶȣҺڰͨ׷籦Ӧ˵Ƭ̾͵˶԰Ǿϰһ˲䣬ȻоԼһ䣬ⲻһı䣬Ǵĺ䣬ͬʱоһɺڰϢɺڰϢʱ־֣˶ˡ
Сӿѵ㣬ڵĺڰһͷǿ飬֮ͱѪҩˡ
һоѣҶԼæǿڵĺڰеľಿλͬʱȫ״̬ȫ
ڵĺڰȥĺڰҲסҶ׶ʱ͸оһƬѣæڰռ䣬˺ڰͨϷ
ǵһԵһȺˣЩޱڶԿҵӵĹͻȻһ࣬ΧĹϾͳҶΧ˹
ҪսϿȥڷλ˵
ҶҲҺôĹսѪһ·ɱһѪ·ں϶һЩСĹޣǿĹ͹ǰֿŲҹҶ׺ɵľʹ˺ռ䡣
һ޴ʯ֮оĹȴû׷ˣǺ񲢲̤һռ䣬ֱʱŸͣҪȿﵽһʲôĵط


İʮ ͻƵĺ
Χ˿ͷΧôкܶıʯΧұ֮⣬Ҷٴο˿棬ȷûй׷ߵұԱߣ⵽ʲô
ұ֮Ȼһ壬ͬ˵һ㣬ͨĽ֮УȴһɫԲڲһ㡣
Ҷ̲סȥȴϾֹҪȥǺһǻûгΣһǣĺϾ֪ˡ
ҶҲȥˣΪ֪ĺʵԷǳĿ£Ĺ֪ˣԲǶ֡
Щûгεĺʲôô㲻˵Ǳ𣿡Ҷʵ
ȻǱǱҲҪòУҪȷԼȫ֣ܶЩδεĺͬƵҩֻûгôˣͬóȥһδĺʮϰ񡣡
ôֵǮϰгǧĺӣȫóȥϰˣ۹ҲôǮ˰ɡҶһꡣ
㶫ͰۺģҪǵõһֵ񣬸Ͻȥﲻܴʱ䳤ˣʱ䳤ͱˡ
Ҷ׸æСĵĳǰȥһֱǧףڿǰһĿռ䣬Ҷ׸оԼԽԽ䣬һڵߵĸоǰһƬҪӵɱۣ֮ǰ
Ҷ׺ȻǰһϾͶ㵽ұں棬ֻ㲻㶼һһƬǰ濴ȥͿʹǺڰ֮УȻܿһɸӺڰɫڿռֺ֣ڰɫҶΪֹڵɫǿκεĹâ
ʲôҶ׸æʵ
Ǿһͷĺ֮УӺҪͻˡ
ôùһͻƣжǿʵܴĹ𣿡Ҷ׹ĵԼܲսʤ֣޷սʤԸͷߡ
ͷʵǻʾɣϾҪͻƵǻʾ۷ˡ
ʲôǻʾɣҪͻǻʾ۷壬ˣһǻͷɣҿɲҶ׶˵ͷǻʾܶԸģԷɾܽ⽴һһͷҪͻǻʾ۷ǿߣ͸ûϣˡ
С㼱ʲôϷû˵ءȴ˵
˵˵겻һڶǻɱǻʾСɶ֣ǻʾС۷´ƽ־ͲˣԷǻʾɣһҪͻˣҸûлᡣҶε˵
ûģϷڣǻʾôϷٳ־ˣͻδ֮ʱʱʵѾȫѹƣͻƵĹؼʱ̣κţͻ״СΪ룬ߵУͲԡ
ҿңǷˣ˵ˣҪǴ򲻹Ҫֱ롣Ҷû顣
ģһں֧ġЦֻЦҶ׸оûô̤ʵ
Ҷֻ׳׳ٴοͷ֮еĺһ˵ȻͷΧΧǻռȫˣϢ޷͸ģҲ޷͸档
沼һ׷󷨣ƿ
ϰ취Ѫֱӿɱ
ҶҲôˣ͵ĳ˳ѪֱһҪ׿ķƳ
ȵѪǲ㿴ķ֮ϣŸоϵˣѪûƿԷķǽҶֱӸ˻ûнˤڵϡ
ϼһƭңѪ⡣ҶһջҪöˡ
ٺ٣Ϸֻ֪ȥ԰ˡ
ϼһ㻹ҽʦԺҽһʦˡҶҲŭˣϼһˣ
֪ɶϷʲôʱԹϷҪȻϷĵȥһȻûƿͷҪôͻƾˣΪһѾҪͻƵߵľ磬ûôˡ
ԭˣҶ˼ҪҶԷ񣬲ʱͻƣʱͻƵĻûлˡ
ˣҴһˡҶ׻ܹӳԼĴģȴѾϰˣ˷ʱ䣬ͻơ
Ҷ׸æٴеѪǳһȫľĹȥ
¡¡һ죬Ҷٴα˻һˤǸңΪǿſڵϺòײ
Ҳ̫ˣԼȫһȻû˵Ҷ׶ЩйˣȴκδϢĻᣬæߴٵҪֻͣпܻƷһƷͷϾͻֹؼʱһֹڵĺڰضУʵлˡ
Ҷ֪ǹؼһսںڰ֮ѪͿȥʱѪڰռһɫΧɷǺÿⲻ̻ʱ̣ƴʱ
ơѪֵͷһײǲεķ֮ϣһֱͬ˻Ҷ˾飬ڰ֮ͷòײŵ˷ոأַһֵĹ
Ҷ׺ںһܻƵķսһһεķһһεĵڰռֻһѪʧʧֳ֣ײһδεĻΧұڣұھȻûκε飬ûκεһ㡣
Ҷ׵Сˣұڶ޷ݻ٣ұڲһұڣǺڰ½Żֵĺʯֺʯļ̶̳ȣһҶ׵ʵ޷ҲǺ顣
ʮϰٴεĹҶ׶ЩˣȻûƿĺҲĲΪҶܸоΧҲңΧ޹ɢҶ׵Ȼ֪ͻƣȻյͬǵһģͻļɻ䣬㲻þͻǰ
СӣҪǿŸոյõĵһŵǿԼʵˣȻֹ˺ͻƣȴǲƿֻµпܴƺķٴѵ


İʮ ̷
Ҷ飬ϾһµĵЩĵģȻıκεĵҩû⣬ⲻһĵҩһŵ
ûбԼȱ˰ɡҶͳɽ֮еĵһŵЩĵ˵
ڣ⣬ֻǻʾ۷弶ĹУ̫Ӱ죬󵨵̷ɡ
ҶҧҧһѾͽǿӨɫĵ̽˶ӣϾ׼ӭӵĳ
Ҷ׵ڣϾͻΪһԴȪֻԴȪҶǰôҩͬǰĵҩоѪڣ嶼һѪţεȴʮֵĹ죬ոսڣ͸оˣôǵ˱̹ǵĺ֮С
䣬䵽ȥˣҶ׸оԼ˲ͱһ㣬ȫӲӳҪǰԤУҪιȥ
ĴԷǳΪһȫеı飬ӸոյĳǱ󣬽һֲָĳ
Ҷ׸оǹɱȻûһɺڰֲѪ죬ɱ¾֮ɱһһĳ飬оԼڵ֮ߡ
ѵνĺڰҶŬıԼ飬ⱻɺڰɣһɣºپԺ˫۶Ǻڰ׶ġ
ҶЩֲ֧סˣǿĺڰֱӳľͼĵ֮ڣǴʱ֮ڵ𷢻Լãǿֱ˺ڰϮҶٴζΣѡ
СӣŬָԼƣɺڰȫɽ֮ڣֻҪܿסˡ˵
Ҷ״ʱǻ䣬Ļͷ֪ҲԼȹѹصΨһ취ǿƿĽӲʼֻǻӿֱҶױ֮Ǳˣһȫڵĺڰڴ
Ҷ׸ӵܣһǻȵһĺڰǵײĺҶ嶼ڱıԵһһڵ¸޷ڰ˿һʼΪǿҪɶ֣ɣҶ׺ܾܿͱһӵкڰࡣ
Ҷƴֵ֮ʱ֮еٴηһԣֱӳϴλ֮Щڰ˲ͱڻΪҶûƬ̣ĺڰȫںϣҶҲӼʹ֮л˹
벻ôͽںˣСĻԵҲǾ̾
Ҷһϲæʵ˵ǵѾˡ
ͷǣȷе˵ǱģǱڵģûĻھѾһˡ
Ҷǻһ£ԼˣҺûбġ
ͻˡҶһϲȻԼڵֱӿոһҲֹӿֱϴˢ壬ȻĻعĵ
Ҷ׸оǱһˣ֪һ벽ߺĻжˣһʵ࣬˶Ҫǰǿ࣬Ҳ֪״ĹʲôĶ֡
ˣϽȥƳǺķɣͻˣ㼴ʹͻƶĶ֡
Ҷ׸æѪǺȥʱԼ˫۾ȻܹϳǺģˣǰȫͬǰֻܿһڵ壬Ȼֵܿṹ
ʵ˹Ȼʲôǿˣ֪ڷӳжǿʵҶ׺֪ٴηסѪϾͱܷӵ˵һΪ˿ԼʵжǿһĹǲʩչġ
С̫ˣĴ򷨼¶ۿˡ
ֻҶûй˵ѣһֱǿһӾ͸ΪۺѪɫĺȻ˲ϺɫѪҲһֱ̺ӽռⲿһ޴ĿӣȻ˲ʧ˺ѿռһġ
޴ѪХĳǿķ䣬һ죬һε춯ǰ漸Ǿ޴ѪȻûϱײʧǾȻ˵ڶεĹ
ǹɳγɵĲʽΧұڻˣĺʯұ֮ϵ䣬мףǰĹҲȫͬǰȫԸûұڳʲô飬ұҲֻͨұһ㣬Ҷ׵ֱӻ顣
ǲ㿴ķǳ⣬־ҵĻζҶܹоԼĲλһѷ죬Ȼڼ޸ѷ죬Ѫɫĵڶι޸ķǳĻ
ҶٴαеҲԽԽ˷ܣ˷ܵ״̬֮£ֳʵǳ󣬶ҲоۣǾоõĻܶԼ벻ľͷˡ
¡¡һεͬΪǷֵѺٴαѾһķˣҲͬˣҶû˷һʱ䣬ѪϾڷƴײһײʮ֮Ƿںһ飬ǿĺڰΧҶ׸æѪԼ˻ǱǿʮԶ
ȵ֮ոʮεȫѾ˺úֻܴȻ˺ܴڵȴֿʼѸٵľۼۼٶԶǰҪϢʱڲƬ̾ͺѾָĲˡ
ǻߵľѽ治ŵģָܿʵҶͬʱǸڰ֮еĺҲǶˣֻĵһȴǳԱ³һ塣
Сӣ㹥ͻ裬Ѿѣո³һѪʵѾ͵һˡ˵
ҶϢ֮ϲ⣬Ͼֵʹʵһ룬ǺӵǻʾɣһҲԶǻʾСɣԼֻոͻǻʾܴܲĹǸѽ
ܴܲĹҶ׸æʵ
Ϸ㣬ӦǲɣҲҪıˣڵʵǻʾɳڣͻǻʾ֮ȻֻǻʾڣʵʵҲﵽǻʾɣֻͬڳڣץס˵ĻᣬӦзǳİա˵


İʮ ս
Ҿ˵ҶһֻҪһᶼҪԵȻϾùģĴ˳
ãҪĹֻǳҪǵõĻ㽫һ޴İ˵ϻҲ
ҶȻ֪ʲôģһǳԺӵ˾ͲЩǿĶ֣ҲԼһֶΡ
Ҿ͸ҪˡҶѪͳֻȥҲ׳֣мʮ׵ʱȻֻˣһǿҵ̹⳯Լ
Ҷһæֵסٴοȥŷһֻ۾һֻɫâĿֲ۾ֻ۾Ǻ۾
ʱĺԼ۾ҪƻͻƵൽʲôӣͬʱҪɳԼѪŭ
վҶ׷ߺԼ޼Ϊֻɫ۾ЩˣȻֻһֻ۾ѵһֻ˲ɣҶ׿壬죬ͬ֫ͷ­ϧܿĸϸΪǰ滹ǺڵĿ¡
ȻǺһŭŭɲһŭŭͬǧҵĽǹɿֲκ˵࣬ҶҲǸоһ£ûбֲĽֱϮԡ
ڽΧȻȻֻЩ˸оʣΧĹâһֵɫǺ۾ֻ۾ͷų̹ⲻ֪Ҫǿٱ
ſģȻֻһֻ۾ֻ۾ģҶԼɱֻ֮֮ûôþͳڶͷӸΪֲ۾·ûбӣֻնĳףڳ棬һŸΪĵͣӦҶ׼ĵͣʹҲûôֲͺǱݾһβ룬û취£ؼª¶һųͬǵǳֲϣȶǸӵĿ¡
Щ϶ǳë̦һ㣬棬һֱִֵľȫܹųªһ涼ɫëزͻ𣬿óǳĽ׳һɫëǣ˫ȴվֱһ㣬ģʱҪ˫Ѿֻ֣צӣצгļ̣Ӧ
Ҷ׿Ĳû³סªĶҲǼʶˣ򵱳ܱܡ
ͬҶףֻҶ׺ǲһֻ͸һ㣬ʱһٶһ
ɶ࣬ȻҴűҪ̻Ȼ˵ˣһ˵Ļ
Ҷ׾ǵٴҲŵ˺һ˵һľ磬Ȼ˵ֻûм顣
СӲú£ڰ½࣬ﵽǻʾ𶼿˵ˣ͵˾ˡ
ޣֱ࣬󵽼ˡҶ̲סԹ
ɶ࣬Ȼ˵ӲģģӢҺһ壬ӢޱȣСȻҺһҪ⣬Ѫ
¡Ҷһ̲סˣĹȻ˵ԼһӢļһǲѽҶεˡ
ʲôӦǱӢ۷𣿿ɲеŭ㵢˱ͻƣڱ
¡ҶѾֹķˣµĲˣŻúЪЪսһѽ
СҲ̫˰ɣô¼أҪȥĺڰ½ĺĻ㲻Ҫ
Ҷ׸æҡͷҲΪĳ£ΪôȻôҾ̲סҪˣԭΪԼˣǽҲǼѽ֮
ɶ࣬ʲôòɣǳªģ㻹ǹԹԵɡҲоҶײòЦ
ڰռһСĵ㣬ͬһ
ҾǸʲôӡҶŵ˵ʵȻҲ˲١
ٺ٣֪ˣʱҪޱӾˡЦ
ޣϻˣҪսˡҶײȡЦԼ
ʱҲжˣΧĺڰԱһһ㣬ȫҶױʱЩڰڰźһһ㣬ں˫֮Уһɫ壬ϢâͲܳܵɫŨȣɫΧǴĺɫۼ
ǺҲûɶɣҲԾۼѽ
Ȼһɶ࣬ڱͽѪ˵źеɫ͵ֱڰ֮Ҷ׵ͷѹҶײҴ⣬Ͼ;Ѫ忳ȥǾڴʱɫ˲һӾͽҶסˣѪһֻϻһӣ˲ͱϡ
Ҷױɫ֮УΧǺڰоǳĲΪܹоΧĺڰͼ壬ڵ
ĵռרԸɶģƬ̣ͻᱻĵռһѪ
һֲЦҶҲ֪ǽкڰռ䣬һķûʲôֻͬѡ
һ˵Ҷ׸壬ѪֱӿռıԵǾѪ֮ʱһɺڰγɣǰγһӺڰĿռ䣬ѪֱӾ棬ֵֻǣȻȫˣѪûκεá
Ҷ״һѪĹȻԷɣеˣԼСڰռ䣬ܹƿġ
һβҶҲԼڰռ䣬ѪٴۣһѪֱΧĺڰռȥÿһѪҪڰռԵ֮ʱϾһڰγɣ
ѵڰռܹɣĻ¸ûа취ռˣ뵽ҶҲе㵣ˣȥԼûѽ
ʦôƿ˹ֵķ󣿡ҶҲû취ˣֻ
ո㲻˵а취𣿻˵Ϊʦ£ôʦˡ˵
˵ͷ㲻ҪôСòãǶǶĽˣ㻹ôƽϣ˵ôưɣҪʱˡ


İʮһ ɫ
Ҷ׸об⳶ļĺڰĽҪټȥпܱѪˡ
ðɣСһƽˣڰռֻǺڰ½һͨķˣ˵ͨΪкʩչҪ̫츳ǲͬǣʵһĺʩչЧҲֻͬﵽǻʾɼʩչĺڰռ¾ǻʾ۷Ҳˡ
ҿô˵ǻʾ۷嶼ܱҲˣͷǺˡҶ׽п಻ѽҪ֪ôҲѽ
ѽֻ˵۷ʱ̿һ㣬ڲѾʵһ룬ڰռȻҲǰˡ
һǻǺסǻʾ۷壬ôҲסǻʾɰɡ
ʲôϲҲܶıóˡ˵
ѵҪųѪ飬ǲԼһˣ㻹ĳҶײ˵
û˵Ѫ飬㲻ǻı㻹ûùɣʱóˡ
̣ҶҲһȻ˵ǻμıûùڻɱǵʱʶ̵Լûʹá
ⱦܹԸڰռ𣿡Ҷ׸æʵ
ȻˣǺڰֻҪ̶գֻóڰռȫˣʲôãһܰ㽫ôĺڰΪãá
Ҷһ⻰ˣ벻ԼϵıôϾʹɽ֮ȡ̣ںڰռϷ
ڷųһ˲䣬Ͼͱ仯ˣһ޴İͼڰ֮лתǻһ㣬תͬʱۣҶ壬ΧγһǿķǱҶΧʴĺڰ˲ͱգ뵽̵İͼ֮С
ȻЧҶ׶ʱ͸оһɣҲ뿪ڰռѹƣ⻹ֻǿʼ̵ҫ֮£ǺڰռΧڲߣȫڣڰռҲǺڰˣͬһ
ıƺڰռĺҲǴһоԼڵĺڰһļ٣ֲѣͼͼǿԺڰռĿƣЩڰ޷̵ǿգһº֪ⱦһıֵܵġ
ڰռɱգЩڰ֮ûκεı仯һ㣬ҶЩס
ʦЩڰ֮ôûзӦҶʵ
ȻûзӦǻμзӦ֮пյʱЩյкܴİ
ԭҶ׵ͷڵǲųȥˣֻҪ̾ոˣֶΪ
ĺ⣬жŬܺڰͷŶ٣񶼱գ̾һ޵׶һ㣬ôҲ
֪㽫еĺڰգһС϶ڰռǵ͸˵ˡ
˾˫֮жһһɫ󵶣󵶿ɲһһʿøֲϴ죬ȴһͷʥ򾳼ȹǴ죬˺ڰʴںϣĵ߼
ͨɫڵľһ̿ǺɫȴҫŹâ֮кɫģɱ̫أֻ֪ɱ˶࣬ĵ˺ɫ
СǿǰҶףͷǳ˽ˡ
ҶҲһͬѰûмǺɫļʹҲǺɫҲǺڰ½һصɡ
ɶ࣬һǺȻһܣȻٶȾˣȻҶҲ£˺ڰռ䣬ڰռûܵκΪǺڰռˣܵںڰռʵǿһվڴ֮ϵľˣŴӵ
ɫ˲ɱڣ磬Ҷ׸оһɳǵĺ䣬ͬʱķӦ½Ҷ׸оԼ嶼е㱻ѹһ㣬ɫѾɱǰˡ
ҿҶ˫֮еһֻͫ򿪣ɱ֮˲佫Ҷ׵ܡ
ɱ֮ۡһɫĹâֱĺǺҲоɱ֮۵òֱնɱɱ֮֮ʱһֳƵ𣬺ɫϵĺڰˣҲǵʮ׿⡣
ҵɱֱ֮ǿ˲٣ֱӾͽǻʾɵĶֻˣǻûеҶ׸ˣǺٴϮһֱӿɱɫܳڰ֮һͷ׶ĺͷŭ𣬾޴ĺͬǹһ㣬ǿ񱩵ϢһӾڰռ䶼ЩԦסˡ
ǺɫˣһͷѾͻʥ򾳵ĺܣֻϧֻʣʥϢڣˣҪСˡʱҶס
ʥ򾳽ϢȻǿҶ׿ԼеѪòеоˣɫ˲١
ɫܻӰֱſڳҶѪȫԽҶ£ӭĳѾܹеëȻûκԵĵز
ǿ֪ҵѪֵܲܵҶҲʾæͷųѪһһѪɫڰ֮г֣ѪɫѾǰҪǿһֹˣҶҪķӼ¡
ѪɫͷХȥѾ޳ɵѪ壬ѾϺ죬ڰ֮ͬһ磬޴ͷͷɫľܣֻۼڰнսɫһӾͺѪ֯һ˫˺ҧͬս
ռΪֻ޵Ľսֳ˸ζ֮ͬ磬ͷŽڰռ䶼ое㲻ʵֻһֱڰ֮мպڰûκεķӦ
Сӣ㻹湻󵨵ģȻҺܴսͲ㣿ٺЦ
Ҷ״ʱȫԿڳѪɫû·磬֤ڵʵжǿǻʾɣһǿʵһǻʾ۷ǿߣȻʵӰ죬ǾԲǻʾɡ
ܴϣҶ׵ıѾǳĲˣ˫ڲ˰ʱ֮Ҷ׸оЩֲ֧סԷʵ̫ǿˣǻʾɣԼֻոͻǻʾ̫󣬼ֵѾˡ


İʮ ̵
𡭡һŭͷٴηѪѾ֧Ǻһֻ޴ĻѪͷ­ѪֱӱɳȥҶҲʱ³һѪƳֲûѹȥ
ǿ߾ǿߣҺԼոͻˣǰһͱɱˣֻʵºնɱˡ
ڴʱֱӳҶƸʤȫҪҶأֱ̻Ҷֻܺ˶ڰռ䣬Ѿûʲô·ˡ
С㻹ʲôų̵ǿܽͷߡæе
ҶʱƳ̴һ⣬һաҶ׵ӡѾϢ̵ָ̣Ĺ
Ȼڷָһ˲䣬̵мͼϾͷųһǿȫһ쫷ƵϯúϾͱ̾޴סˣ޷ûƬ̣ͷӰʼıΣ䳤ֹһᣬܵͷ­ױǿƣͷ­飬ͷ˲䱻֮С
ܱߣҲޱȣٴѪۣһʧȥһ޴Ĵ
㲡ҪҶϾͳȥץסʧȥ˲䣬Ѫٴγ֣Ѫɫĳոʧȥ󲿷Ѿ޷ۺսֻȫɫɱһѪɫǿֱӽƷڵء
ɱ֮ۡҶٴͷųһ⣬˺Ķۣ˲佫۾䱬ˣɱ֮ǿĴݻᴩ˺ͷ­ͷ­䴩Ȼûò˵ʵǿҶҲо˼顣
ôûҶ׾ȵ˵
಻࣬䴩Աɣ಻ͬǵǿͷ­ѣǲſܳĻǻǿԸġ
ҶһȻڴʱǺȻվͷһҶ׵ɱ֮ĿҶ׸Ǹоֲ
УҪͷ̫ˣҶ׵ѪٴιҪ룬ǾڴʱǺȻȫһɾ޴һһҲ֪ǾʲôƷͬСɣҶڲ֮ʱæеˣֻҪԱ
ԱҶһ㵣æӣڰռסûа취룬ѵҪͬھ
գաҲˣ˵е㲻ˡ
ҶҲ֪һûЧƴĳ̷ųʶæպϵȻЧˣǿһӾͱһ룬Ǻʱ͸оһ飬ǱԱȻգҪԱûˡ
ļˣĽеֱ̣ҪһӳȻ̸ͬˣֱᣬߣѾ޷ԱԼڵ
ڣƬֻ֮˺ڰĺ˵һͷ­ҲˣҶײǰǺûжʵô£ǲιȥˡ
ǺЦѾˡ
ˣոǻôôھˣҶ׻Щš
ȻˣҪȻһոѾ䱬ͷ­һѾˣֻǿԼڵڵֱߣȻˡ
ԭˣҶϲ⣬ԼǲΣգΧĺڰҲʧڰռ䲻ڡ
ĺڰֻصҶ׵Ҷ׿ֻ̲ò˵벻ôҪ֪ôԺĶҲˡ
ȴæɲҪ˵̫磬ֻȻǻμҲӲá
˵ʲô˼ո㲻ǿҽǺ𣿡Ҷײ˵
Ϊκ˵ҲһֻǻʾĺҪһͷǻʾ۷Ķ֣û취ˡ
Ҷ׶ʱо⣬æʵ˵㣬ʲôǿĶ־ͲˣѵȻֻܶԸĺ𣿡
Ȼǣʥ򾳸֣ҲԶԸֻҪʹˣʹʵǿҲûܷӳЧ
Ҷ׺Щˣ˼ԼʵǿĻҲӲá
˵ޣе̣ˣ
˵ɣԺǿģԺõࡣͷ
ʩչܶԸǿĶ֣Ҷ׹ĵ⣬ĵƣȻҪ
̵Ĺһ˿ԿƱʵǿһȼĶ֣Ҳ˵ڵʵѾﵽǻʾС۷壬ҲͿԿǻʾ۷弶Ķ֣ǿû취ˣָûа취ʵĶ֣Ҫ̵ķ֮󣬾ǻʾ۷弶ǰ벽ʥߵǿߣҲû취ô
ԭ̻ԼԵıѽҪ벽ʥ߶һձǿһ󾳽Ķʵٺ٣ò˵һõķ
Ҷ׺ٺЦñֵıˡ
ϵı٣飬ԶԶҪǻ˵ĻҪҪãϷ㶼֪ܲͻƵһ֣漸ˡӵ˵
ͷֻ˵˵ѣҪϸѽһȤûУ˲˵ոǺأǱȥ𣿡
̲ܵõˡٴαĵĶԱƵҶ˵
Ҷ׸æʶ̣ȻһѺɫУʱ͸оһɺڰܴܵԼϣæѹƣ˵ҪõҪˡ
ֻҪϵʶȥȻԼʶȫںϽȥˣڰΪһġ
Ǿ͵һŪɣܸӵӣһȥıɡҶ׻ǺϵǺҪ˵ȹĵҪȻҪõˡ
ҶͷԣʱǺڵţֻѾûκεϢҶһѣӦأæʵϴǲҲĸ


İʮ ȡ
ͷĸֻҪȡˣȡ֮Ϸɽ֮УĻ¶ܿͻʧġ
ҶװĻѪƿ˺Ķӣ̷ǳоģΪͳķǳģڴĸŵһȳζæסӣʱǸһźɫӣмСȴǷڵĹâ
Ҷ֪ˣҲϸҪΪǹζŻæѪҲ֣ҲˣѸٵķŽɽ֮У˵ɫӦƳ߼ĵҩһȥ֮úĥһ½ʲôĵҩ
Ҷȴż˺ףʵϼһ㲻˵ϻȥң϶û·Ҳûɽ֮⣬ˣ
ٺЦΪһ¼ʲôǵǴĴ֮УֻͨԵļ䣬ܵõ
ʲô棬㲻˵ˣ˵ĻôҲᱬͷѽѾˣȥҶԹˡ
Ϸ֪һʹɱ֮Ҫͷ˵Ҳˡ
ϧҵѽôûˣˣ´ǰȽ鶼˵òҵıûˡҶװ̾
˼˵ûˣһνˣκһˣ˲Ҫ˵¥Ź֣Ҳֻģ̰ᣬʵɣͷѾˣϷҲа취õ֮е˰ɡ
ʲô㻹ܵõ֮е㲻ǿЦɣѵҶ׻ЩţҲ̫˰ɡ
ϷȻܣӦϷֻʱάԵ겨ֻҪûһʱľͼ仹ʧģʱһܴĴ֮гġŵ˵
ò˵˵ļһﶼܵõϵļ䣬Ҳ̫̬˰ɣ죬Ѿеʱˣٵˣ콫ϵҶ˷ܵ˵
һòҪ˼Ҹ£֪ϰסҲˡ
ϴʦǧˣǰҲʮ͸С㻹ҼƽЩ𣿿춯ְɣҶȲˡҶƤЦ˵
ޣʲôС˭ϷҲϹˣ̯ͽܣ㿿վϷҪˡ
Ҷһ⻰æ˺ף֮ǰ͸״ֻ̬͸״̬֮ǰвͬҶԸоϢǿˡ
ʦڵҲǿ˺ܶɣжǿˣҶ׸æʵ
ͷҵȷǿ˲٣ڻܵսһսпܳ飬һΣˣһǲֵģҲֻǽֲܱ֤ҵİȫ
˵˵ȥǰҵƾˣΣҲˣĻұˣҲˡ
˵зִ磬ڴҵʵ˵ˣ㲻ͷϷǲֵģϷϵ
Ҷ׸æЦӦɣҪ̫ģһܻɱǻʾ۷ľС
ĵһʲôܰһͲǸСƨˡ
Ҷٴαˣǲ⣬ദССָǿЦ
ĺԱߣûʲôǺȻ˺ĴԣһҶҲЩԾˡ
Ҷ֪ڳԵļ䣬Ҳżֻȴٴγ־ˡ
ŹƬ̹ٴδӺĴ֮г֮Ҷ׸æͳȥʵҵ𣿡
ͷҴļȡһӦǿˣһЩͼҾûг룬Ҳû̫ãֻҪõǿͿˡ
Ҷ˷ܵͷֻҪǿϿ콫Ұɡ
ٴΰһ۵ôż񣬽ȫڴԣҪκεҾͽ㡣
Ҷ׸æģԼַ֮Ҷ׵ͷ­˲һĴԣҶֻодԼһּͻȻԺ֮С
Ҷ׻ûüʲô˵ȲҪںĴ֮ͣʱ̫ãӵкҪԺȥܿʼĻûкô
Ҷһ⻰ҲȥǼ֮еˣ֪һʲôûмŽڣǳǰ濴˿˵ﻹֻǺڰռӵĵһؿڣӵŸĺǵʵǿ벻ǰ
Ҷæʵĺжǿʵûл᣿
ͷСһ㵹ǿĺڶ࣬ʵֻ֮ϣһ棬ʹ̻ҲֻǶ̵֮ڣ޷
ôΣգҶգգۺе㲻ǰӣȴ˵ˣˣȥǸʲô˵һһһΣϾ
ٺ٣СҾ֪㲻᳷ˣȻϷͺһȥϷҲֻǴ֪ŵϸڣҪСĵˡ
ҶͷæҪʦǰ·ɣҪʲôΣոæͽͽҲøϿܡ
С뽫Ϸ·һΣϷܹ㵹ͦѽ
ʦ㲻ʦͽ㱾һʲô״鷳ˣʵǿ״̬ҲͽԸֻʲôѵǰɡ
ˣΪʦǰ·ɣҲȷõİ취Ϊʦĸ֪ǿ֪ǰʲô״ںţΣյĻΪʦġ
Ҷ˷ͷлʦˣ𾴵ʦ
ޣƨ˵Ϸ⽫ϳٺ٣Ǹʱ򣬾кϷˡ
Ҷ׶ʱһ㶣ʦ㲻İɣɲҪЦһֻһмܣֻҸԸˣҲҪΪԼİȫǿǰɡ
ϷûãῴϷɣҪٲ֪ϰ׵ĻϷ򲻽Ǻѵѵ㣬̻壬౻ǲǲɡ


İʮ 
ҶûоȤҲûȡЦˣ͵ߡҶ׹ԹԵĸ󣬳ǰȥ
һ·ǧףһؿռ䣬Ҷ׵ǰһĿռ䣬ռ֮Уֳһӯӯ΢⣬΢ǺҹȻֵĹ˸о
ھ޴ɫռ֮УƯһ߾޵ʬ壬ʬ壬ʬ壬Ѿȫû˷ӦֻڿռϷǵߣһĺɫۼɫ֮Уȴֳһֻֻõſڵͷ­ƺǵ塣
ڿռ·ĹͷҲ֪޵ĹͷǺĹͷռ쳣ĿֲڿռΧȻС쳣ĳª߲ߣǻë¶˫۱ֻһ޴ĶӣֽŶϸʳһֻոմӿռϷʬ塣
Ҷ׿֮оһϢӦֲˣҪ˵ǰĺѾˣǺľȣǾС׼ˡ
ʦǰ浽ʲôطôôֲҶľʵ
ǰǺĴӪˣĵطЩŵʬ壬޺ܹ޻ڵɣΪʵѪ;ʱԼͬҲŹģЩСǵİСרŸЩ֮ʬ壬󡣡٩٩̸˵һǳͨ顣
ʦ˵ĵطôûпҶ׸æʵ
ӦѾֹ֪ͣҲĳطγսЩҲǳǿ󣬺졣
ȻǲڣӦҲûʲôˣǻǻȥˡҶ׸ոյĵӱֲľŻȥˣһܹܵĳͬĵ
СӣҸ㣬ЩӦÿѾ취ͻƲҷˣڰռ䣬Ѿǿĺڰ󣬱ռ֮гʥ߼ĺһͻ˷ǽǶԲ۹ԵĴǻᱻǲƽ
ʥ߼ĺҶҲǴһĺҪǳȥĻϲҾҪˣΪ涼ֻǸ벽ʥߡ
˵ֻ֮ǻʾĺôͻȻðʥ߼ĺѵҶ֪Ҷ׸æʵ
ҿҲ֪ڷ֮ȻܵƣҲų츳ǿĺܹԼͻƷƣﵽʥ߼𣬲ʲôڰռ֮еҿԿ϶мһλʥ߼ĺﵽĺûа취סģһβǴͷˡֻҪ֣еĵӶҪһҲӲ󡣡
˵أҶҲһ󾪿֣һεĴؾȫˣǴʱĲҵӻûһ֪
ǸϽȥ߲ҵӣ˵ǿĺǸϽ뿪Ҷ׸æ˵
ȴҡҡͷǻǲ㣬һỳݣܽ뵽ڰֻͨһ˭֤Ļģ
Ҷױ˵ƿԣû뵽ԼһҾҪ֮ܵ֡
ʦûа취ֹܹҵĵȫûҶײ뿴ұΪΪ˱ҡ
ºѣкﵽʥ߼𣬳ʥ߼ĸ֣Ҳÿ֪Ϸ֪ڰռһ뿪ڰ½Ͳܹγɣӵһźڰ½ĺڰ֮Դֻкڰ֮ԴúڰռĴ½γɣĻκǿĺҲû취Ĵ½ӵǿĺڰϷƲ⣬ӦҲһǿĺڰ֮ԴάУֻҪҵźڰ֮ԴȻƻĺڰռͻɢЩ͹޶Ϊڰ֮Դƻͻʧȥֻӻغڰ½
˵Ǹڰ֮ԴֻҪҵǾа취еĺҶʵ
ģΪϷҲֻǴϹ鼮ϿǲҲֻͨʵ֪ˡǺڰ֮Դ϶ڣҿԿ϶𻰷һת˵
⻰Ҷ׸оей⻹Ǵ˵е飬Ȼкڰ֮ԴĻӦûиݵġ
ƻڰ֮ԴֲʲôطҶ׸æʵ
ڰ֮ԴǺķǵȻȫЩ֮ԲӦþںڰ֮ԴĸҲ֪ܣǰƻڰ֮ԴҪҵڰ֮ԴǱҪڰռ߹Ҳǰ˿Ҷ˵
Ҷȴʵұ֣ܲѣٵҲҪȿһ·УĻǰװ
Ϸڣ̵ķӦÿȫˣȻųҪӦ䣬Լǡ
ֽӸҶףԼҶǵͷȻа취ȫˣҾðԣ浽ûкڰ֮Դ
Ȼڰռǵһˣδĺڰռ䣬رЩĵСʱŵʬ塣
ҪȽЩС𣬴ʬ߹ľԼְɡ˵
Ҷ׳׳ӣǲЩСЩСʵǿ־ܴ򱬣Ҫֲĺڰռ䣬еӰ
Ҫ죬һֻСܣĻĺûˡٴѵ
Ҷ׵ͷǰ̵ľ뿿СںڰռСʮֻɱǿɲһ׵飬һҪ˲ɱһ˿ᡣ
ڰռʮףҶ֪ٵˣѪУ˲ƶͬһ紳ڰռ䡣
ûеЩСоĳ֣ҶļֻС˲촦Ҷ׻ɱȵʱСŷӦǾӦʱҶ˲ɱֻ߰Сһ˿ûκεء
ʱ򣬾㷴ӦСҲҶ׵ĳ֣ǿҶ˲ɱڶСϾͳ󷽱ȥҪǸͷСٶȴ죬˲ܱʮףҶײҷһϴܵСǰСٶȣҶڵٶȿ˵걬
ѪֱӽɱǰһСʮֻСҶɱ𣬽Сٴθϻغڰռ䣬ЩСɴΧתɢҶ޷˼ңٳûѡ


İʮ ս
ҶҲЩͷĲŹһֻСǿռ̫һɱмֻעӳ˺ڰռ䡣
ãҶ׸æųɱۣ֮ھ׿⽫ǼֻСɱپһڣеСնɱɾеѪҲմ˺ɫѪҺҶ׸оģæųɨѪϵѪæܳڰռ䣬ȥ
Ĵ·֮£Ҷ׻Ŀͨ𿪿˵ڰ֮Դǰ棬ΧǺˣϷµòպжغúڰ֮Դ
غڰ֮ԴҶæʵѾǿˣѵݻڰ֮Դ
һԭΪǺܿҪͻƷ뿪ǲŻὫڰ֮ԴغãǲܹɱûңҲµĺڰռ䣬Ǹʱ򣬺ڰռͻţڰ֮ԴҪȻǲʧġ
ұµĺڰռ䣬ҶЩұɺڰռĻǲҼǧӶҪЩƯںڰռʬˡ
ҲܿЩҵӱɺѪܽǺڰ֮Դݻ١Ҷ׵
ãȻ룬Ҿȴȥǰʮֻʵǰһֻ֮ϣһֻֻﵽʥ߼ǰҽϢ÷ڸǣǻûвΪԽԽҲûа취ȫסϢԼһ飬һʧ
Ҷ׸æͷԼϢȫ䣬䱾ѾǳˣԺʯһ㡣
ҶѾԼϢصز̽һ£Ĳ̽䣬̽鵽ŷĵĴϳ
Ҷ׽뵽һڰĵطоؿڶЩϢĺڰǿǰͬʱһĿռ䣬ɲһҹ˫۵Ĺ
ˡҶֹͣ˽ŲǰĿʮӰУʮӰǰķ֮
ǻıϷȥ̽̽ڸϷ򡣡˵
Ҷ׵ͷ֪Ѿ㹻ǿȻʵԳǿЩֵܹġ
뿪Ҷ׵ߣͬӰһʮֻӰϷʮֻӰڰռ֮кĵĺǴʱͬһһԻ
ڰ֮Դܹ룬ʹУƾǵʵƻڰ֮ԴǿǴɷĵɱȥЩҵȫɹޣҲЩ걻ѹĻһֻߵĺе
̫ˣڰ֮ԴǺڰ½ΨһڰҲǺڰ½ռ½ͻƿڣҪȫָǵĺڰ½ͻϹŽռ磬֮ǰǻǲҪǰһֻ˵ߴʵҲǿֻɫ۾һյ
Ҳ֪Щڰ½ԴӼǰϹŴֱӷӡ޷½һֱֻܵȴᣬһܹһλͻϹŽ½һֻʥ߼µĺܽ룬ֱӱ⼸Ǵӳǧĺͬͻ֮нҴֻܶССĺڰռ䣬ѾôĺȲˣȺѵǧͻƽ½ҲҪǰĺһɣ
Ҳһû뵽һȻһܣֱӹϵ½ˡ
ͬʱѾͨҶһ˺ĶԻǵĶԻûҶ׽гϢֱ޷󣬾ȻǺڰ½ĺҪռˡ
ȻǣϹŴܻǺڰ½֮Ƿӡںڰ½Ҳֻάʱ䣬ȵһķӡͻСǸʱǵʾлͻƷӡɱ½ھʱҲʮѣǶԵȵǸʱ򣬵ȵǵ½磬һὫе඼Ĳϣǵĺڰ硣
ķǳ˷ܣֻ۾ͬâ͸ա˵֮ҪͳҪΪʮͻ׼ǵĺڰСȴָܹǺڰ½ĴĽǵʱͻΪռͷŹǸʱ򣬱˵ҪͻʥˣЩΪΪʵĵ¡
ĺҲǸ˷쳣һֻ˵ϴ֪뱣֤ڰ֮ԴһʧǲҪȥԸ࣬ǳȫǺβɱȥе඼ɱ⣬ҲԵõʱȫ
ȴҡҡͷɣɱȥĻ˵ЩһܲͬǵʵҲ¶ˣǿ߻һֱǵľٶһ֪ϹŽ֮оȻʥ߼ĺ磬Ͼͻ̽Щǿ٣ǸûκεĻᣬ֮ûжֻΪǾ̫СһССķѹƣһܳΪĺõط֮Щྡɱ¾ޣҪԻǣǸоûбǿֻ˸Ĺ޶ѣɱ¾ɣȼʮ֮Ǿͻǵɱ¾ˡ
Ļ𣬸ҶףȻ˺ܶˣ˵ѾϹŶ𣬿Ƕںڰ½Ĵ˵ҲֻǴӴ˵֮е֪һҲ˵ڼǮͺڰ½ĺսǴݻеںڰ½ĺıһƬûһ۹ܹ⣬ȫΪأ½ϽеļλϹŴܺͺʴս˵ʱѣ½һƬ棬ڴսһ֮࣬ǿڴʵĽϻ˺ڰ½üλܵƽΪƳһӡס˺ڰ½½ڣЩϹŴܵʵ˵Ѿﵽֻؾٴͻƾͻﵽߵľ𾳣ͬ٣ų档
ֻǾҲû˵ͻĵ𾳣ĳΪ⼸ֻĿУȻõ˼ǰĹ£ҸΪȵǣȻõһڰ½ܡ
ʮʾͻͻϹŴܵķӡĺٴ½˵ϹŴԴһδս֮ҲûϢû֪ȥˣҲ֪ûмͻƣǶˣɲǲᷢǴ඼ﵽѵʱ̣ͻƵ𾳿˵һûһͻƵ𾳻磬ԵĴ˵


İʮ 
ЩϹŴȫĻǾûܹԸڰ½ˣ֪ǲģΪǵͻƺ಻һӵǿ֧ţڰ½ṩǿ࣬Ҫ֮εĽѣһ֮пͻƣ󲿷ûа취صĽѡ
һǽ½Ľѣû˭ֵܹסʣҲ½Ļɺڰ½Ӵ˲ٻࡣ
ͬʱҶЩ֮𾪾ޱɻûڰ½飬˽⼸ǰͺڰ½Ĵսкܶʣϧֻܺܵ˵
ȫ֧ͬҪ׺ཻ֣Щ޺ǽ͹ˣĹҪж١
֮Ҳ׷׵ͷ飬Ѿһ£ȥҵӣҶ˵ѾҪˣΪ֪һϢ
̽ȥǾڴʱһֻССȻ洳˽һֻСֻСҲǴһϾ֪鲻ˣæɻҶ塣
ãǷǣܡصҶ׵֮ϾʹҶ뿪˵أΪֻСǴҶ׵Ѫ֮ߵģʱһ䣬ûκεĶҶҲԻȥˣֱҶײעʱ͵͵˳
Ҷ׻ûüô£ΪֻСֻ֣СǴһڽصģ֪϶ǳˣҲǷſŲϾͷɱ
ܿ죬ʹһŭ֮˵Ҳ֪Ǻ׷ˣҶƴĳǰȥڵٶѾǷɿˣӲȫٶٴһһӰ
Ǿ˿ٶȣȻԽԽо̫ˣ׷˹ǻʾûˣֻǱ˵Ĵﵽʥ߼
Сӿ㣬ˡҲΪ̫ż
Ȼʥ߼ҪӿٶȣǺȻһΣյƴҶеʶֳˡ
һڰҶ׵ڰҶٶٿҲܿڰæ־һһֱڰ
Ǵˣʥ߼жǿѪֱӱɣǵɳϮҶһʵ̫ǿԼǶ֣Σͷ̱˳ֱӵǰ档
һǵڰ˲ͱˣҶָæ㶣Ͼͻع֪Ҷһ֮ģϾͳҶ׳˹ȥ
˵Ҷ׺ܿӳȥΪڰͨٳٶȻƬ̲ͨˣǵڰͨĸţܿ޴ںͲҴ֣ȴҲûа취ǰˣΪֻѾͨ
ٶȳⲻòʥߵǿȴû̹ǽ赲֮󣬿˿תִҶס
ҶҲֻܿǿĳף൱࣬һֻ۾Ǵͭ壬ηâоܹ͸
СС࣬ȻҴ뱾أǲ֪ˡǸªı飬ֻǰĺӵǿơ
ʦô죿Ǵǲ򣿡Ҷ׸æʵ
ҲĶ֣ʵѾﵽʥ߳ڣʵӲһιǼᶨ˵
ҾԸңҲ̫Կˣ֪治ҶѾЩˡ
ڴʱʮֻͬ׷˳Χס˵ûκε·κһǻʾ۷弶ĺǰĸʥ߼ܸܡ
ոɱĺ롣һͷմ󵶵ĺҪ߳Ҷס
ţһлҪ˵Ѿǵ֮ˣһҲû¡˵
ֻûж֣³ζֱӽҶҪ£ϧѾû˼ȥЩˡ
࣬νҺڰͨģ޴Ѿڰͨˣץ֮⣬ûܹ룬˵νİɡ߸ϵ
ҶﾪŹҲһЩԼѾӲˣɴ͸Ƕڣ˭֪᲻ᷢʲô˼飬Ҳ֪Ѻѡ
ڰͨȻҵİ취ΪʲôҪ㣬ǲҲϳһˡҶ׻װһģ
СС࣬ȻҺҿǻĲͷˣɱ˵һֻҪ֡
¡ٴηֻò£˵࣬ȷе㵨ܹһ˴ҵأĻͲһˣʹҲģȫ¡
ֻ̽̽ģҳ飬߹ʱûлȥĻǵĴϾͻǸʱ򣬱˵ǣڰռ䶼Ҫ𡣡ҶһԼоԼôͻȻô˵ˡ
ڿЦ𣿾ƾЩɱ٣Ҫǵͷ­Ц
Ҷȴ˵Ϊʥʵ˲ˣǿ߷ַӾ㣬ʮͣɱǵһͬ飬ҵʦʦ棬ʦʦжǿһƾ㣬ҫԼʵֱЦ
Ҷ仰ɫ䣬Կ۾ɫˣȻԭıҶ׻סˣû˵´Ҷס
ΪҲоҶе㲻ͬѰҶ׵ȫԿֻһʮ겻ˣȷɱһ£ǿǻʾɵĺһСƨǿʵʦϴжǿЩˡ
ⲻܹҪҶ׵ʵ̫̬ˣȫ˴½ѧԺŵӣʵڲеطһţǴ½ǿߵĵӣǸǶǷǳˡ
ҪĽƱ绣סֻˣ۶ѣǿߣô궼ûгһ϶˵ѣֱɱһֻ
ɱɣһʱֻҪûҵʦʦʦ涼ṥ⼸ֻںļһǸʲô³ʱһ⽴ҶӶǽе
һУЩԥˣΪȷǿߴڰռ䣬ĻҲûа취ֿǵܾпܱ֣ǾԲܷ顣
ǲ֣СһҪǷˣ϶Ҫܸͬ࣬ͬᱩ¶ǣĴ۾գգܹΪҶܽͬͬԡ


İʮ 뷨
Сһ㻹ܱѽͱƭˣҪǿǰαҪһСһǰһ͵͵ģֻҪɱ㣬˭֪Ȼ¶ЦݣҶ׵СϷ
Ҷ벻ȻɵôŪŪȥæǱҪҪһΪʾһ±ӵʦҲûа취ʲôģ⡣
ɫҲǳ鴤һ£Ϊ˵ǵʵǵ಻£ĳЩط࣬ǾΪªǾͱ˵µȺҲǺһԭ
ɶ࣬ȻЦΣǲܻȥˣǹԹԸ߱Ǵģ˵Ҳܹһ
һֱµͨڰռ䣬ֻҪˣǼʹǿҲѹڰռ䡣
Ϊû˸ҴӺڰ½ڽڰռ䣬Ҳֻǿ߲µİ취ҲûԴӺڰͨڰռ䡣
֪ͨ𣿡Ҷ׺Ȼ˵
ȻֻҪ˵ҲһŹ㡣ٴظ
ǺãҿԴȥָ㿴ˡҶ˵
Сһˣǰɣûߣ˵ͨҾҪҲûϵҶ׵ȷߡ
Ȼ㲻Ҳûа취˵ͨǷֲ˵ģɱҲҲȥָ㿴ҶҲ£ˣֻпƤӾԼˡ
ѵôĺܵʥ߼𣬷ַҵĴڣû뵽ȻС󣬻࣬ǿЦ
Ҷ׵Ļһ˵꣬һһֻѾϺݺݵĶһţе޳ܵ࣬һҪѪ⣬ꡣ
˵ԼҲĲˣգգͭ۾һСС໹ӵ𣿾·Ҳû顣
ã͸Ǵ·ȥͨˣұ֤㵱ĺǳ
ҶһϲǲѽҪĻǺŪȥģԶûɣǾˡ
ߣҾʹȥҶ˷ܵľҪߣȴסˣȵԹԵҵߣһ뿪ɱ㡣
Ҷֻ˻ûаմߣʹ̣ҲֻǱ岻˶ѡ
ֻѾİ취ˣҶ׾͸ĿǺڰͨ˹޴ĺ󷽣Ҷ׿ǰĲҵں͹޴սɱ˶ٹޣЩ޴ûмٵļΪԴԴϵĹ޴
¾ɱһҲû취ڰռɣֲЩҵûܹҶһ꣬ڴʱȵ˵֮⣬ܽڰռ䡣
Ҷ׻û˵ٺЦСӣѽϷΪҪԶˣ벻㼸仰ͽﱿƭˡҶ׵ĶԻӦԱߵҲҶҲʦҲ֪ҵİ취ˣ
ȻҪƭǹʱҾ֪ˣų̣֮Сߴٵ
Ҷ¶һ˿ЦݣȷҲģȻҶе㲻ԾҪǳ⣬ͿҶ߳һԲ̣ת
ãҲоҪ֣Ҷ׼һͷҽ̵İԷ֮У뷨֮УҶ׾Ͳٺˣ̵֪ķƾֻûа취ơ
̱Ҷ֮ȴҲûа취ܣΪǰ汻סˣֻڰ֮Уŭоް͵ĳ̻ȥʥߵʵǸǵģΧһ񱩵ĺڰһ죬޴Ĺǰ̵棬ֵǣʥ߼ǿһûн̴ƣ䶼ûڰ֮Уһ
Լȴһǿķ˻ȥɫˣ֪СΪҪ뵽ŭɶľǱˣˣһǱһͲʮСƨˣˡ
ҪʬΡŭ̾͹޴Ĺǰһιͬʱһܳȥ
һǿĺڰϾͽ̶Ҫȫ
Ĺٴα̻ˣһ㶼ûа취̣෴Լٴαٴη;ȵķ֣Ȼ˻ûļǿɲǺǵߵļ
ͲԼĵȻæƵǵڽļ٣ߵֻµİͼԲ̡
⵽һʲôķȻҵĵơһĵܺʥСɼǿ߽ǰȻ˲һ
ҶҲˣǵ˵Ŀֻ֮ܶԸǻʾĶ֣ûа취նֵֻĵȴ̸ˡ
ʦô£㲻˵ò󣬶Ըʥ߼𣿡
ȴЦϷ˵ҲҪԷĲ㣬̵Ļ̾ͻԶĲٿԷӳǿĹ˵ϷǵϷҪҲûа취
˵ܹˣԷıҲҶ׺Ūˡ
Ȼģ˻μķǻֿۣ֪ԼֻĵԶա
Ժúˣ˭ԶųȥֵǡҶ׸˵˵
̳ӵǿʵٿ㼴ʹӳȥҲʲôӦ̲ŻᷴɣֻǹɣͲ޷óѣһȥԷֱӹ㱾ڹǲзӦģڵʵʥ߼Ĺûа취ֵ
ǿҪСĵˣ⻹治ŪֻᱣԼ˶ˡҶ׵
ٺ٣ǻΪʵޣʵǿˣȻҲǿ󡣡
ҶԴûܵκεĹ˵湥Ӱ죬̵ǿֻ֮ûа취ߡ


İʮ Σ
ϽߣҲ顣˵
ҶæɤӾͳеЩǣٹĻǿ߾ͻῴˣһ˭ӲԹԸܡ
Ҷͨƣ﷢ǿĹǱ߶ܸӦõ
һҲһӾסˣҲ׼ŭ࣬Ȼоûǿڶ棬һǿʵǿѾˡ
ǷС쵰ôģ챻ˣһһΣֶһ֪ʲôķ֮УȻ޷о
ˣѾһ룬ʹҪƵأǸǿѾ޷Ƶˣƾһ㣬֪ҪץСѾˣûа취һ£ץС
ȻץҶףҪֹǿ߷֣ڷ˵ȫ̵Ҷ׽еСӣסˣһαһ֪ʲô
ϾͶߵĺеǽȥرպڰռ䣬÷
˵ʮֻģһֻеѵСӣЩֵһᣬҳȥȫɱ⣬Ͳ֪ˡ
֪ûǿߣʹûУǿڲ̽һһһǰǺܿͻ֪Ǹʱ򣬶ǸӲǹرպڰռ䣬ˣҲûа취
ǹرպڰռ䣬Ǻͺڰ½ϵҲʧˣû˺ڰ½ϢǾͱ˹µˡһֻе
ܱǿ߳ƻڰ֮Դãȵʱٴ򿪾ǣ˵ˣķӡԽԽܿиǿǣǸʱǾͲˡ
ĺĻû˵ˣҶ޲ߣֻܺ޵˵Сӣȱȥ֮ȾҪӵǺڰ֮㳢ʲôºڰ½̷
ŻӣΪ㲻ɣб¾ͽץѽʦʦˣַӴſ¡Ҷ̵ıЩ
ݺݵĶ˶ǻӻִ뿪ǽڰռ֮Ҷ׺ȻǺڰռȻʧˣǰʧˣǰֻʣһƬޡ
ʦȥˣҶ׾ȵʵ
ǹر˺ڰռ䣬ҪҵѾˣʹҵҲѴڣĻǺͺڰ½ϵҲˣҲܾ˰ɡ
Ǿ˵ڲˣҿԷĵĴ߳ˡҶ׻ǲĵʵЩҲۡ
Ѿر˺ڰռ䣬ڰռҲ׵飬ĵĳɣǲٳˡ϶˵
ҶŷĵĴһæջ̣лһˣҪ㣬ҽǹˡ
ǻϷ𣿾ոụ̂ϷҲֵģȻܻǣ֤ûġ˵
ͻ𣿸ոô֣뾡취ӳ˵˭֪û£˵һ־ͱſˣڻڳܣ˵Ҷû˵
µĲ֪˵ʲôˣϷֻǿûйˣֵĻϷȻ֣˭СԴȻԼҲϷȻͲҪˡ
ˣ˵˵ȥҲûлˣ´һҪȳ֣ҲСľͶҶ׺һԭ˼
˵Ķ޻˵ֻεҡҡͷ̾뵽꣬˭ҶϷ˵һ䲻ĻЩʲôʥߣϷǰҲǼʦүһ㣬û뵽ǧ֮ϷȻ䵽زһСƨ۸޷ѽ
һԩҶ׻е㲻ͷˣҶ˵˺úᵱ£ǰҪǰı£㻹ҵ棬˵ͲҪ̾˺ðɣҲǶǳˡ
ߣǶ𾴣¾ͲһϲˣˣƽˣƽϷٻһǧꡣ
˶һ֮ҶæʦǲǸûȥˡ
ЦСҪΪʦҲԣȻǺڰռеʱ䣬Ҫʱ䳤ˣǻԸðճץġ
˵ܲ˵ģ˵뿪Ǵԭĺڰ½ڹȥǴֱͨɱȥҶײͷ˵
ԼɣĸӰȫӿûлش⡣
Ҷһ͵ͨɱȥˣһᾪҵˣ֪Ѿ˺ڰռ䣬ˣһǴȥɣȻǳΣգܱ޴Щ
Ҷ׷ų׷籦·أ׷籦ڰ½ڣҶײòٴĵһֻһĺܾΣˡ
׷籦λõʱںڰռһ죬ҶϾ͸оһֻǿĺˡ
׷籦ʲôֻõģǹǿһӾͽҡҶһǻûеͣ£еߡ
Ҷ֪鲻æ룬׷籦ʱͷͼһֻ޴ĺ͵׷籦׷籦˲ͱҺ׷籦ĵȼҲе𣬷ֱҪ顣
Ҷײô࣬ѪѸٳ֣ɱ֮۸ֱֻ޴ĺƣǿѪ֮£ǺҲѸٻһƾ˹
һѪֱӱɢҶҲڰ֮з˼ͷɱ֮ۻǻֻƣֱӽ֮ȻƬ̣϶Ҷ׸æ׷籦Ѹ롣
ǺƺҲ׷ϣȴǷˣҲΪҶѾĴ½е£޷ٿҶףҶ׸æͨЩҵӻǰ͹޴սȻ죬Ҳֻ֪ûκεЧֻǺһЩܶѡ
Ҷ׳ûоκˣΪЩȫڹ޴˭ϵи˴ӵصðǿǺڰ磬˭ȥĵط
Ҷ͵͵ҵһط˼εΣ㶼ǸúúϢһˣҸط֮󣬾Ͷ˵ǲرҪҿҪΪӢˡ
˭֪ȴĵ˵ƾ㣬࣬ԼԼУһεϢȷ̫Ҫˣǹϵ½ˡ


İʮ 
ҶҲûк죬ʵոЩ˵ǲģѵڰ½ĺս
ͷȷˣȻϷҲûлǸϵϷҲŹǰǴδս˵ľ춯أʬƬҰǿ֣߳ˣҽѹֻ֮飬˭ˡ
˵Ҫӷӡ֮ͻƳû֪Ҷʵ
Ӧûм֪Ҳ֪ѹʵļλǿ߻ڲڣڣǵȻǼȥˣȫĻûиߺ˾Ͳ֪ˣʹߺˣǷ˴񣬸֪Ϸ򿴣Ļģʮ󣬺ʾͻͻƷӡ¹ࡣ
ҶҲоЩ£벻ԼȻźֵ飬æʵǲҪϢϽǿߣ׼·ӡڰ½
ȴٺһЦ˵ɣ֪ǿ𣿼ʹҵˣǻСƨ𣿼ʹˣǻƬ֮ʣ˵ˣʹ֪ϢҲ޲ߣΪӡڰĴ½ǿߴûгֹʹ֣ǷӡҲ¼ǿֻ·ӡ
ô鷳Ǹɴ߲ңȥ¡Ҷֵ
Ǻǣ˵Цò˵ôߣĻںڰռѾرգʹǻɣҲûа취֤Ļǲģø𣿡
ҶһʱоЩ޼ƿʩյҲҲǣشѵֻܵû𣿡
Ц㻹ǽεԼˣ飬һ˿Ըı䣬ҪĻһ֪ģżҲûôڵʵκãץʵ˵ʱΪһ
ҶͷҲֻˣ˵ǷӡҪʮſƳһмʮʱ䣬Ҳ̫żǰɣ
˵Ǽʮ꣬Ļ⼸ʮ֮УȻǿǲ֣ܳǷӡһЩʵĺ½ǷǳģҲҪץʵʵǿĻ˵ܾЩǿߣпܽشϢݳȥĻҲûİ취
Ҷ׵ͷЩصˣҪǰΪ˸˵飬õһŵϢļϺصˡ
ǲǵʲô鶼ûзĵȥޣҶ׵
ȻˣȥĿռòҪ͸¶ȥΪ͵źҪ˵ȥˣǻ㲻
֪Ҳû˷ҽ˺ڰռ䡣Ҷ״
˵ͳǰĲҴ˿ҴִϲнĴ£ҲɱȻ죬ϧҪƹ޴ǲܵ顣
Ҷ׻һֽţЦҲȥմ֡˵Ҳ뵽˲Ҵһս
սһһҹɱǧֻ֮󣬲ҵĵҲЩƣɷ֣ǰĹ޴Ȼûһ٣ǰĲнǿǰ֪ԴԴϵǴƵġ
нвҵӳˣٹȻһͬûнڰռ䣬׽úһεսҲǳķ񣬼ǧֻ޵Ĺ裬ЩĹǵ͸ˣòҵӵõܴĺô
ҴɵĺˣЩ޴ȴҲûзһֱںڰͨһͷнҲ֪ǲᷴģΪǰǾˣҲ֪Ϊʲô
ҵӷ׷״ӷռ߳Ҷ׸Ҳ˳һ֮ͿвҳϵڵȺǵϢ֮æǰο͡
Ҷ׻켣Ⱥ֮Уûע⣬ܿص˸ֵפأҶ׻صԼס֮ϾͽŹϣҪһԼջ
ȡҶһ󼤶æ𣺡ʦʲôʱҽöˣҲҾ
ҶҲ֪ԼֱӷãϾǺڰǰɵĵҩͬ˭֪᲻ʲôãȻѾһŵǹɳ徢ЩԾ
С̫żˣŸոͻƣͻˣԽǸߵľ磬Ҫӳʱ䣬ʹͻƣҪʱ䲻ûдΣͻƺʵҲ˺ܶ࣬öһɵҩģֻǵʱȥѰһЩϾС
ҶĽöǰֱȡˣʱھһ磬ͷųȻǿֻҶڻˣΪ滹ǺϢ
ҵѪҪҪ콫
Ҳð죬ǺʵҲǺǿڵӦÿԽϵĺɫȥԼһԡ
Ҷ˵ϾȲĽԼע֮ڣȻǺڵֵӡΪʧȥǺϵҲķǳСҶ׺׵ĽȥɾԼľӡ档
ĻҶ׾ĳΪˣǳˣæˣҲӦøȡ֣ٽʲôˡ
Ҷ͵ɴͽɣѪһ
СҲ˵̫˰ɣһѺƽ𣿾Ͱ˳ӡ˵
ҶϾͽһһѱҪģϾͲˣóѽ
˵е͵ϷҪǵꡭ
ˣᵱ꣬˵úᵱ£ҶĶ䳤ˣˣҪʲôͷҪǺĻھͿʼ
Ҷ׻ԼõһǿɱҪҪ½ϡȱˣǣ˭
Ǿ͵ҶҪʲôʱ򣬷ȴһҶʦ֣ȥ´
Ҷһ룬ое㲻æŶ֪ˣϾȥ
֮Ҷ׾ȥ϶£һһ顣
˵ȥǲȥǲ֪ʲô˰ɣҶе㵣ĵʵ
Ǻϳȥʲôҵģ֪ʲôʲôõĵģʹôڵʵͷܻûģ˵˼ҲҲô󵨵ȥɡ
ҵĵĲǲңǸ֪᲻֣
Ҳ޷внڣҲô
Ҷ׵ͷʹһԼȻǰ´´ʱټ´Ѿ˲żüˡ


İʮ ʹ
Ҷ㿴еľӢˣʵĶǰ棬ߺǰ벽ߣѾкüˣںǸıˣ͸ˡ
´ǰĺȻǲҵ峤һλִϲнһλʵͬͲнµĻߣұǸһλͬŵĻߡ
ҶһôˣƲʲôˣĳȺＷ˶ļֱӾͽ˱񾳵֮С
˭֪ǰϾ˵λҶֵܣǰ벽ߣôվڱ񾳵֮Уǰˡ
Ҷһߣĸ쵰ĺĺѽ̧ͷһǱˣǸߡ
ҿҷ뺦ѽȻȥˣҵʵ㻹ǲġ
ҶֻĿ֮ǰ棬һеĵӶˣǰĳϺ峤ˡ
Ҷ֪ǰǸ϶ҲõģԼʵǣʹ򲻹ҲԼû취οڲҡ
СӣȻڣˣ콫С͵£Ҫϼӳͷ
Ȼ峤ԱߵʱͲȻŭҶ״е
ûĻΪڲң峤ִϣִǲ˵ָӣʹҲˡ
Ҷһ⻰Ҳ£վ˴룬Ҳˣͷǰ棬ŭĿԲ޲Ҷ׵Ǻ˷ܣҲԼϵķˣǸ
ֻԱߵ峤ȴûʲôʾһ˷ܵȻ෴Ҷ㲻ʲôø˰ɣнû˵
Ȼһ˵꣬нվ˵㲻Ҫ̫֣峤ڴˣֲ㷢ʩ˵Ϸûеڶǰ˵㻹ǿǿԼɡ
ϾͻнҶԱôǻţѵҶԻ嶯ֲɣŲңʡ
˭˭ȥˣϷšнҲá
Ҷû뵽ԼһôˣĵӸǿͷԣҲ֪ļһﵽʲôȻòȨ˴ˡ
ǶҪˣϷûλأѵϷ򲻵𣿡ʱмĲ峤ˡ
峤Ҳ֪жͣǻ׺ӣͷҲСˣϻһĺƣӦһе֮ˡ
н峤ˣҲû˵ʲôҶ׼ûˣ׼뿪㵽Ӷ֮С
Ҫߣ峤ȴˣȲҪȥˣǰɣϷлҪ㡣
Ҷһ⻰֪滹飬Ҳֻߵǰ棬˻ߵĶ֮С
ոһ߶飬ЩһЩȵĿΪǺȻ֣ոʱһ벽ߵļһȻͳǻʾˡ
ҶӣȻѽȻͻˡҶ׸ոտǸҪû뵽һȻ˵һ䣬ҶֱӾͰһۣ
һǾԾҵӷ׷׳ȥȻǿˣ̶̼ʱͻˣǴûй飬ǸҲһľ㵣ϾͽеСӣȻʵȻǴǲҵļϸ
Ҷһ⻰ͲˣϾͻػͻ˻ˣѵͻ֮ǰҪкɡڶĲҵǵһҶ˵û뵽һξͶ˵õһ˴Ĵָˡ
СţѽȻҳײ
ҲĲ֪ǳɲôǵģǻʾ۷ҲҶһ̫˰ɡ
ҿûʲô峤ͲнϵıӻҲû취ҵǺԸ񡣡
ҵ۷׷أнҲһ㵵ĿҶף֪Ҷ׵ʵûһ֮ھͻƵǻʾ
ɾ͹ҲסˣæȵҸ˵ھʰ㡣
нϾͺȵѵﶯֲɣﶯ֣ϷͲˡ
ѽˡֺͲнˣ峤˵ҪˣǵһԴȸԶҪ˵
֮ҶҲ˻˻߶飬ǰƤЦ벻Сʵôˣôġ
Ҷû˵˭ѽôͻƻҪ㲻ɣòҪڱ˵ǰңû㡣
ҪǰҶ׿ܺƽ֣ڣѾǴ´ˣʹҲ｣ˣҪǽˣҲ
ҶˣҲҸ̨ЦⲻΪڲӵ֪𣿡
ȥ˭Ҫæҵñ֣Ժ˭ҲҪ˭Ҹ˵ˣסһ㡣
Ҷ׶һʼûʲôøУһԤУ˵｣ԼģȻ｣ڵĹϵ˵ǷǳãҲ˵｣ĺĺأò
˸ӣҲ˵ʲôˣʱǰ汦ϵ峤˵ڴҶˣϷףһǲҵӽ뷨ȡúܺõĳɼù賬ǧöùǵһöʮöƷǵЩջǲҵĵƴģЩ͹ǵᾭʦƳɵҩԼڷջǣϣܹʵ׳ǲҡ
ڶҵһ󻶺ǶõƳĵҩЩǵһֻЩҩҶͲʲôˣЩļƷǵҲûȤѾ߼ˡ
Ұ֮󣬲˵Ȼһȡ˺ܲĳɼǻвĵطǾûܹƹ޴뵽أϷţֻҪǼȥһΣǻڰռ䣬׽úȡ
ҶһֹƾǣһҲܽڰռ䣬ھһڣֱӽڰռرգǾ͸ûлˡ
Ҷû˵˵һν֮УҲһЩ⣬챾峤Ҫвҵӵǰ֤ҵĹھòִ˵һһι޴ֵЩ⡣
˵꣬нվ˳ǲΨһִϣλ峤ҲÿվԲȻҪǰ档
ֻܻ飬ڲңȻҲǲѪȴϵѾԶˡȻҪӵн
Ҷһ˵һϲ֤ûվڲнһߵģԼǲ̫ˣҿԼѱˣϾǻˣʹ붯Ҳûôס


İʮһ 
нǰۺɤ˵λҵӣһǽ뷨󣬶Կ޴˵ջ񣬿˵ҲЭȫƴɱŻЩջӦ˵Ҷˣƫƫǵ˹ʹ˲ҵΣΪԼİȫȻҵӵƣҪɱҵӣǲһ˻ǲҵ𣿡
ҵӶʱһϾͽе̡̣
ɾʱһӾͳ˳Ųнͺнϲģ뻵ҵǰɣӽƴˡ
ҪȥͲн֣ȴһѹסˣһǿֱӽѹλϣûа취ѹ峤
ҶоһɿµȻ֣ȻûκεĹĻǶᱻǿˣֻѹסһˣǾ
΢΢Цֻòн˵ʱľ㲻Ҫ͵Ȳ˵꣬㷢Եʱˣڻ°ɡ
ѹλ֮ϣʹ붯Ҳˣ֪ʵ벽ʥߣûа취Ըˣлˡ
Ҳô۸ģ˵峤ԸԱߣΪԼΪԼһҵӣסн̰ĻԸҪҵӵţҲҪҲнˡ
óԼݣҪѹǲȴֻ΢΢ЦҪҪҵӵϷҲȨ棬黹ҪŪģû£˹ݺ㣬ϷȻΪ֤ϳͶ֣ȷĻϷȻҲҪ£ƫ̻κһˡ
ĻҲ˵װףûѹңûţҸҵӵҶںһҪ㵽ûз¡
һӾҲɵˣҲ£͸ûа취ˣȻ۹֮һǵλȻҲ˶٣Ҫǲҵǿߺܶ࣬ҲҪʵ˵
ԹԵλϣ峤ʱҲԲн˵ϣͽ㿴˵һɣһЩ˵
ԲҲ뽫ֵ̫󣬱ϾرûرĴҲ׳֣òнҪȥȾա
нȻ֪峤˼æͷ峤Ϸ֪ˡ
ֶĵ˵ϷͰյʱϸ˵һɣϷ﷢ģϷ˵ÿһ仰ʵ˵ѻǷ̰˵ĻϷԸܵصĳͷ
еĵӶˣǵһִ˷¶ģҪ֪нڲҵĵλ൱֮ߣִ峤ҪģҶ֪ͬСɣϵн˵ȻҲ̫⡣
н˵һεΪһֻֻ൱ǿϷû֮ǰѾսһʱ䣬ԼУͽȥæϷȥֻ֮ͬսϷû뵽ǣʱȴǶ㵽һߣûкϷ򲢼սϷ֪ΪֻڵĵϷ͹ս֮ʱ͵Ϯȡ
˵нȻ͵Ϯȴûе֣෴׷ɱΪҵ죬Ȼ㵽ҵӶ֮Уǹ˵ӵĶúܶĲҵӳڻңȴ⣬Ϸ򿴵˾ʱŭǳɵоȴᣬأϷֻٴסս˭֪ʵ̫ǿϷ򶼲Ƕ֣Ҫʱһλǿ߳ϷܶҪ⵽ش˭֪ʱȴͻȻð˵˳ûǹĵ˵ǲһλӣҪҵ֣ҪϷս⼸λӾҪĶ֣Ϸ˵ʵҵӿ֤
˵꣬нͶ챻вļλӽ˳䣬Զɣվ
ͼӱ񾳶֮߳λӣ⼸λҶվһвģ֮߳󣬻Щ£һֱ̧ͷ
нæʵ˵ʱ峤ϷΪúκˡ
˲нĻ⼸λҵӵҲһ㣬ǽвӾ˵ʱǼλʦֵֻɱޣ֪ô£Ȼͳ嵽ǵǰ˵֮͵ĶҪǽʱǶ֪ʲôû뵽ϾҪˣҪǲнϳȵĻǼѾزˡ
˻һϵĲҵһƬȻǴڲҼ֮УɱŵǾ񼫣ҲУҪܵͷһ£еĵӶ֪ôˣΪƽʱûнǵ£ʱʱǲֻû뵽һôأȻҪɱŵӡ
ʱҲ֪ˣенƥݺңм˳֤ûжԼĵ֣ûнǵɵƣȫǺ˵˵Ҫȥǰظ㡣
нȴŲæ˵ȥظԼ飬ڲңǾҪղҵĹذ¡
ҲĻòҲоϷŶˬֱҪȥ״ǲǽ峤ûз
ǲҲó֤ϷȻҲƫ̻˭ġٴ˵
ֻǱһ֪վڲнһߣο鱾ԣʹҪƱҲûа취
ǲҹݺ㣬һ۾ܿ⼸Ӷǿ֤кܶĵӶʱڳ˵Ļ˵ԼҵӵҪҪνҵ˵Ͳһϣ׿˵ģкܶĵӶˣ˲ںݣҲԲҵҲԼˣУҪõǵȻǲҶԣҪò֪ƾ˽ϷͿΪ֮еıﶼǲԼģ˽̣˽̵֪ʷ
ܶĲҵҲǵһ֣֪ʲôҶʱͶ۷׷
֪ǵʲô𣿺ӡ
˵һֺõĹǵҪٱ˵ͻǻʾ絽벽ʥߡ
ôǳɵˣֲҪ˽̵ͻư벽ʥߡ
һʱ۷׷ףҶվȺ֮Ҳ͵Ц˵˷۱ѽڿ϶Լôء
峤Ҳɫһ䣬ҲֻŹ飬ȴûԼֵȻҪԣһżƷǾͻʥߵҩҲȲҪĸ߼ҩ


İʮ 
ģµĴǲˡģ޴ϢҲ̡
ʱŻعͷλ˵˵ĵǹе
ҲЩ޼ƿʩˣѾûа취ܶӶĻֻ˵ǹڵȷеֻҲǽ뷨֪֮û˽̵˼
㻹ҽƱ磬Ϸʱʱֻ˵ǹǵѣֱ׿˵ǵҼҪϷǰߣΪ˽̵нϾͺǳ
н˵ļˣҲ˲ô࣬ȻеҪ˽ô㣬ǻñôõҲǷ£бȥһۡ
һµǳԼµˣлıӻҲôֻһе˶֪࣬Ҳɫ䣬ȵҪɱҵӶȡҲˣ
ҲǻȥˣȴԼһ㣬ΪɱҵǿǴҪأϾͽƱûжֻ֣뽫Ǹ͵ߵļϸץ峤ѵ뽫ǸǱǲҵĵץ֪ܣ;ԲǲҵӣѾ֪˭ˣǸոճǸˡ
еⶼָһˣǾҶף˵ǸȻˣʱҵĿⶼ˹Ҷͷε̾뻹ҵˣǶ㲻ȥġ
ȻĻͶҶ˵ոλӣȳһ¡
ҶֻùԹԵˣֻ֮ȴҲʲôûʹϣбҵ
Ҷ׳֮Ͼָ˵һйǰֻǰ벽ߵʵһ֮ͻǻʾ磬˭飬һֿԱ仯ģı죬ΪԻԲ޷ϵ˭͵˵ǵϡ
ҶҲ£赭д˵Ҷûм㣬˵ʲôȻѪҲУľͺ۸𣿡
һ仰˵ưˣһˣΪģ鷳Ǿ۸˵˼ˣΪ峤ĲҲò˵仰ˡ
λСֵܣ峤Ա֤ԲΪĶƫֻҪûʲô飬峤Իỹһס
ҶæǺãҼûм϶ûм͵ʲô
ʱнҲæվ˵λСֵ˵ûϷҲսϾûм͵˵˵ܻûģϷ򵱳ҲֲϣûеʱҲڳƱɡ
æὫڱĵطȥѽ֪ܣǲűǱԶֵģһҵʱͱֱˡ
˻ȲҪ˵ĺãԼ黹ȴһ°ɣԼ˽̵УһԲҵӶ֣ʲôҪ˵н˵
ôѽҶԿͲ»ˣǶݺǶԱнģֺαҪң챾ڴ˵ͲһϣҲǲҵӣǡ
һһһȻҵĶ֣ľӢȴҪͲһϣڲǴûй顣
ǾߣȴôߵĵģҪ뿪ʱ򣬲н嵽ǰ£ŭн㻹ô߾ߣѵסɡ
Ҳ߾ߵĵط㷸棬͸ܵʹҪȴ峤ķ䡣
ʱŭһҪ֣нңҸƴˡ
нҲҪ£ʵӦû⣬Ϊʵͱڻˡ
Ǿڴʱڱϵ峤ȴȵס֣˭ҲҪϷǰ֡
нòͣ£ȴûҪߣȴٴ˵黹û꣬ˣûа취ҵӽɡ
ȴҪҵĻȥʰɣѾǲҵˣʵˡ
˵ҪߣǲȴЦȻ㲻ǲҵӣǾ͸ˣˣס
ˣһϾͳǻʾ֣ȻʵûôǿһҲûлߡ
סܻôĵӣȻסô죿
ȴЦˣϷҲҪ£㷸棬Ҫܵͷ
ǻȴûκεİ취Ѿûл뿪ˡ
Ǿڴʱȴһۺ峤û̫ʷѽ
ڳеǴ󾪣нɫһ䣬Ϊ֪˭ˡ
䣬ͼӴ߽֮һȺˣǰһƬɫװװϻлͼͷɫͷɫ顣
ǻֻʺͻ߲Żеĺ棬һͷڣ۵ӣɫƽȴһֲŭơһȺЩʵȫǻʾɣͷǴﵽǻʾ۷塣
۹Ĺʣʵĳ֣ôҶоȣ峤ҲòӸǰʵǰ
ʱϲ¶˵Цݣˣ˭Ҷô
峤ʡæ
ȴҲǷǳ˵Ƕɣ۹֮һ֧۹Ƿǳעǵġ
ҺͻĹϵӦ˵Ƿǳ΢ƽʱӦ˵ྴҸеӽΪֻû뵽ֳ顣
ǷǳóԼλȴҲûпǰȥ˲峤λϡ
յλ˵ڲλӦ˵ҲûʲôףϾһ֮Ҳĳӣֻȥ壬ǺңʹˣҲ´ڿרŽӴ
ʵߣͲнվ棬վʵңʱڱʵİȫʹڲңҲûκεķɡ
æʣ֪ʲôԸôûǰ֪ͨϷҲýӴһ¡
ȴЦҪǰ˵ˣͲǰˣ˵Ҫôô£׷ʲô󣬾Ȼܵͷ


İʮ 
û뵽Ϣᴫô죬϶ǰ֪ͨʣԼֻʵ˵ڷ֮˽̵ҩ˺ҵ֮ӣ԰ղҹأӦܵͷ
ŶҲ˵ˣʲô˽̵ҩ񲢷ˣֻ̰Ѱˣ˺ҵӣ˵Ϊмϸ룬ҲΪҺãԱʾô²ܹʹЩ嶯ΪϿڱʵϣͲҪʲôˣ峤Ρ
һϯʱͽҲŪе޷ˣҪ˵ѾԼ˼ˣҲòǡ
Ҳûа취ҵӽϾǼҹ棬ʹҲ⡣
ʣ²һС£ֻǷһĴϷ򶼻ŹǶԲҵǷǳص⣬׷Ļĵӿûа취
˼ǲʵˣʵɫһ䣬ΧʮϾԴʱ֡
ȻҲΪѣгͻǽ˽ĻԺκεļҹ涼һŰֽˡ
ʣ벻ҪΪ£ǲҵļ£ʲҪ֡ǱԼûЭ
ãȻ˵Ǳʾ͸㣬ΪţѾӷλΪҳԱӦҴʻὫȥúõʵģͲˡ
Ҫڲˣʵĵλ˿»û˸סϾ۹ĻʣǲҺַ
ʣΪҵӣǻʼţ԰ԭǲӦȨʱнҲվˣΪִϣ黹иݵġ
ȻûннЦѵͱˣǲͱˡ
˻һ˭˵ԣǾǺ۹ˣʹǲҲûӡ
ʿǲ˵ҲЩ⣬һĿʾͶ˵һȥһġ
ʾҪߣȴҲҪԣһ²ҵĵӶоЩˣȻҪˣϾǲңҵϵǶˡ
ʱҶһԿҲԲҺʵĹϵЩ˽ˣȻǲʱܳ⣬ĹϵǬˣıĻʱǵ˲ơ
۹֮УǬѾʵǮңҺҶڱǬҴٺͻϵõĻǬҪƿ۹Ҳôѵˡ
Ҫʱ򣬴ٴδһһ֣ʱ´΢΢һ
˭ڲҴ鷸֮ˣϷӦ
䣬һ߻߽´ڳеĲҵӼ֮󣬶һϲ׷׹ڵأе档
ǲҵȫ˵ϣҲˣǲ棬Ҷ׹ڵϿǲߣֱ׷ͯգһ˫۸Ǿͬâҫһ֣ΧҲȫͬǿʵѾˡ
λǲ죬۹˼λǿ֮һĳ֣ʱѹסеˣҲǲòݵϡ
ȴֻ΢΢ͷʾͲҪˡ˵ȴǲûʣ峤ȥ
Ȼϲ⣬æڲԣֱʱʵɫе㲻ÿȴҲûа취ҲҪ𾴡
ʣҪ𣿡ֱ˵˵
ֻôǱʵţҪȥһЩ顣
ǺǣһЩ飬Ϊǵ޷ҵǵ䣬ֲò֪̫ǰɣ
ʱʵƿԣ±ǻܣû뵽Լ˵ˣҲЩʧߡ
ʣҪˣⷨǲҵģıȻҲǲҵģҷҪȡߵҲ˵һҲе˵ȥɡ
ʱ˵ԽԽ޷شˣֻǸæ˵ڵ飬ҲֻǺ˵ŵ֪ԲҪȥѡ
ͲҪˣڵ飬֪ҪĻҪ͵͵ȥȡģֻҪϷ˵һʵݣϷϣʲûôѡİ취ʻǲԸǲңΪǰƴɱôҵҲûдʵѽ첻˵ĻǷǳƽͣǻ֮ȴ̺ž޴Ϣ
ΪᵽΪƴɱǿɲһ飬ǱסʵĻλʮǰ۹һ۹Ҫ̵۹ɳǿĹĸǼλ벽ʥߣڶǻʾ۷֣ʱ۹ΣڵϦǲһɱԷ벽ʥ֮󣬲ŽֵĴˣʹ˶֣ҺҲ˲ʹĴۣҸּһ룬ҲˣҲڴս֮ˣʮһֱڱչˣٳ档
пΪǸǬΪˣǬԲҺҸǳޣһֱҪһǡ
˵ʱûвҺҵĳ֣Ҳûڵ۹ıˣһϿʵıǲҸģʻܺͲа
һϾʶԣʹҲ׵棬ԼľˣҲ˵ʲôˣæˣʾûкͲʲôΪѵ˼ȻҪǱȻ޻˵ǲԤҼµġ
ʵĻҲĹģΪҪԼپ飬ŭĻԺҪ鷳¾Ͳ˳ˡ
ԱߵһҪˣĸæеʣһҪߣЩɶ㽻ġ
ȴȻˣһ˭Ҳû뵽ʻ֣ʵʵڴ˿³˲峤֮⣬ûܹĶˣһ֮
ǾʳֵһɲǣһǿֱӽʵɢˣϾʹ˲ҵĵòͷͲͷˡ
һˣæջԼƣȻ˵ԼЩӰҺԼϵܣֲڣҲô
ʸǣͽ洦ˣʺͲͨһֱҵԼ󱣻ʲô治Ҫ⡣
ȴ˵ʷģϷﻹúܣһЩϷȴ֪ˣֻһЩ޹ʹС¶ѣӰҺʵĹϵģҲʷİɡ


İʮ 滤
ϲ⣬æ˵ǾͶлˣæ֮󣬱ʻٴεſģһĴæҲûиһЩʲôƷҩȻȥ֮󣬱ʻ̲
ȴЦлʹϷѾõĲˣʮƻȬʵҲӣʾͲ÷ˣҩϷﶼУˡ
仰ϾͽҺͻĹϵǢˣҲ˵˭벻˭鵽һӦһĽˣʾԲỹҪʲôܹò淢ŭѾǳˣҪ֪ҷ͵ȡͲԣ治ƽЩѾܲˡ
ʾʹ˸ǡתߣ׵̱ڵأʮ뿪֮ʣµȫʧȥϣ
ֻƽ˵磬֪
˫񣬹ڲǰ֪ԼһǺˣϣԼܹᷢ䡣
棬һʱͿѽʷҪȥȡ˵ǵõͻңһʱͿ飬ˡ
Ҷ֪ˣȻûɱҵӣ㽫ҵӵƣƾһӦܵطϷһҪ㣬ʵش𣬾а
棬ӾǰѡҲ֪Լֺֻ档
ڷ֮пǸ𣿡
ǸոָϵǸˡæ
ʱнæ˵棬ѾǸˡ
ȴ΢΢һЦе¡
н֪ʲô˼ҲΥ˵һߡ
Ҷ׾͸ǸоˣԲǻˣȻ˵ոλСֵܳɣϷҪ㡣
ҶֻܹԹԵվ˳վ֮ٴָ仯֮ʱ仯ģҲ˭
濪ڵҲ£ٴ⡣
ֻ˵һȥ۾ĶҶףΪȫҶ׺ġ
Ҷʵ˵µҵĵӰɡ
Ҷ׵ͷҲһ¡
ҲǵͷӢۣСС;ͻǻʾȷǶ֮ţǲ֪ҵΪ
ٴν۾۽Ҷ׵ϣһȴڻҶˣ治׻һˣҵӵһξҶе⡣
棬ʲôĿģ뱧סȣúõķչһ𣿡Ҷ״
Ǻǣ˵ĺãˣϷо仰Ҫ˵Ȼ˵
Ҷһ뽫ԼһƸ˰ɣתһ룬ҪԼģҪԳ֣кܶλڳ
ҶҲֻ׳׳ȥһֱ˲ǰȴֵٹһЩ
ҶֻùԹԴչȥ˾벻ףʱҶײ˵｣˰ɣ
˻һҶ׶ʱ󾪣ϾˣȻѾ֪｣ģͲΪԼˡ
Ҷ׵ͷû˵ĴЦϷѾĹǱ仯֮ߣ볣˲ͬϷû֮˲ˣǾͲҪٻɵˡ
滰˵꣬˶һˣǷ׷˵
Ҿ˵Ҷֵᣬɶ뷨ʹҲûǸʵ
̽Ǿ;ûдˣ϶ҶӸɵġ
һҪǸҵǵĵ

۷׷ףʱҶҲ˼ˣҪΪԼѣˣ׵ǣô֪Լ｣ˣûиκ˵
ʱҲòԼ۾ˣѵԼжϴ˵Ҷǿ϶ͲˣһҲ˵ʲôˡ
ּ˵ȻλСֵܣǵ֮˾ˣнҪúò飬ǲǱΪ˴ܽǵĶ֮Уң⡣
ҶЩЦѵԼ͵ģϷƺ߸
нæֶҶ˵λСֵܣոǲίˣϷһҩǸĲɣ㵽ȡǡ
Ҷٴοһ£ûô򵥣϶ҪѯһЩ֪ԼݣǲΪԼģæ˵л档
ˣҶ֮ߵЩһĽĿΪʹǾԲһĵҩ˵ͻƸߵľ硣
ٴ磬ܻҹ棬ݺͬţ˽̵֮ģӦȡǰΪҳͽңԺǲҵӣ𡣡
һͷѾǳˣҪϳ͵ĻСңȴҲùˣǰԻصʹѾҪˣǲὫ鷳ӰԼͲҵĹϵģǶе·ˡ
Ҳ֪Ѿ濪ֻǵͷл治ɱ֮л档
ȥɣͲԵѾ󲻵ԲҵԾӣĻһϳͲ
ĵվȥʱѾʧȥУҲҵҲٶ𾴣ٽǲҵˣоԼһУ·Ҷ׵ʱȴǺݺݵĵһۣȻ֤ҶףҲҲһԷй޵ˣҶ׼ζײ޾ͱҶ׵ϡ
ߺֿ˵ҵҪȫõ󣬲ǿҵķʱҪյӽˡ
ȻЩԾҲˣǲüϸǱҡ
ӹ뿪Ҷ׵ʱ΢ЦСһɣϷʹˣ˵һ˸ոԼӦ飬ȥȡǵҩ
Ҷ׹ԹԵĸڲڶҵӵĽ۹֮뿪˴߳·ϣʱѾֻλźˣ΢Цһ֪ϷΪ˸㽱Ͱɣ
Ҷ׼˵ˣ͵ͷǲģһбʡ
Цһ֪Ϸô֪ݵİɣ
ҶǵͷЦʵ֮ǰѾõϢˣϷܻǲңҶ⣬ҵĵ죬ϷѾ֪ˣϷûо㣬Ҳûиκˣֻ֪ҵΪʲôҪǽ飬ϷҲġ
ԭǲұ˲ϸлˣӵȷйԵӷǳΡҶҲ˲˼ˣֻ뱣סҶ׵ݲй¶


İʮ 
Ǿ˵˵ҲҵԭɣϷǲһЦ
ҶҲûʲôˣæȻѾ֪ݣǵӾͲˣ£۹ҲΪһλǬҪҺͲҲ̲۹֮ģ｣ǬѾǱңϣܲǣұ֤ҵİȫҽҵԭ򡣡
ĻЦȻԤϵ޼Ϸ͵֪｣ҪǬ۹սǬҲѾ֣ԪˣһĿӦҲˣ˵Сֵܾǲҵˣ滹ҪлСֵˡ
Ҷ׸æҵֻǷ¶ѣҲʲô
ͲҪǫˣʵǱϿô򵥣ܹɻû֮һܴƤߵҲǻʾɵʵϷ˵Ķ԰ɡ
Ҷײò۹⣬һ۾ܿԼʵԼ̷˵Ļ汻µˣֻ˵ǻʾҲĻܶˡ
Ȼ涼ˣҲûʲô˵ˡҶ׺ʵĴ
Ȼǿ｣Ҳֻһλѣӵ£ϷѽǲҺúס£ʲôҪֻܶԲϷúչġ˵
̫ðɣ峤رյĻºױ˿ĻЩǱҵļϸҲᷢеܣץǾͲˡ
òչ㣬һ£ܵչ㣬㻹Ǻûʲôġ
ҾͷˡҶ׵
Щûзʲôɵʵ
ҶԼѪ֮ǰһҵӺһӴԿ϶ҵӿ϶Ǽϸֻ⻹ֻһˡ
ǰշһҵӺͻһλӴҵ͸¶һЩҵܣӦþһλǱҵǬ¡λӦҲǬˡ
Ҳһ˵벻һҾͰҵһϸˣܺãϷҪúõĽ㣬ȻǲҪݾˣͨϸҵˣǾͿһ򾡣һ֪Ǭʲôж
ҲģԲûоҵӣӻúõĲĵϸȡһ򾡡
˵ʵǲҪм˲ţǲҲͲ±˵۸ˣΪʲôϷͲһλĺõءҲǷǳҶףʵ츳ȺǳȺ
ˣҲֻеСС˶ѡҶǫ˵
֪ǫ飬ϷһžתĵҲ޼תɲֻʵģƣ˵ֻҪԪûбƣ嵤ûбתָܻʵ㽫£ҲҶлԲҵİ
˵Ų֮ȡһöҩ͵Ҷ׵ǰҶһתƣƷ༫ѣ֪϶ǼƷҩˣȻ֮ãȻЩ˼Цˡ
лʹͣӸмˡҶ׿׵˵
ǺǣҲҵĹףʲôԺϷĽͣúðϷˣϷǲġ˵˵
Ҷȴһ⣬û˵Ҳо̤ʵʵ棬Ͳȡϵĵ𣿡
Ҷ֪Ѿ࣬ӦǲҵģȨջأһֱû飬ҶЩ̤ʵɴ໹˵
ߵ˵Ӧ㣬㲻ˣȻѾϷΪλҪջأͺúõŰɡ
һ˵Ҷ̤ʵˣȻ۹ԶԲЩϾġ
ҶæллˣһΪҾľҲϸ
Ϸ򻹲֪ʲô֣ʵ
Ҷ｣ǰҲû˵ûҶͯҲֻ˵֣ὫԼ߲档
Ҷͯ
ãҶͯҪʲôҪϢֱңþˣϷʱӴġ˵
ǵ棬Ӽסˡ
ͷȻȥɣġ
ӸˡҶæתأ֮󣬲ϧǲҵĵӣǣ峤֮λԴˣһὫǲҷġ
Ҷ׷֮Ҹ˵Ķеľתû뵽Լû£һ߼ҩϲѽ
˵ʱȴ˵ˣһͨ˵ҩѣ˳𣿡
Ҷõ˵б¸Ūű߼ĳѽҵȻͲϡڸûС
ȴϷƳĵҩǷַӵ飬ֻûв϶ѡ
ǻһջҪʵŵҩԺҲ̫ˣȻˡ
ߣױϼһֻһŵҩͽ˶ˣҪһŵҩ׬ˡ
ҵҩһҪǣȻⵤҩ͵ģ̸˭׬˭
ܹοԼ˲˵̸̸ɡֵ
飬ʲô̸ģѾȥˣѾ˲ңҲϴӦûˡҶЩ׵˵
ߺߣҲ̫˰ɣΪϼһϴûˣǼǱҵļϸǿɶһֱⳡ־ǣϾͻ㣬֣ҹɱҲǲܵģǻһֶβĵϸʹ鲻ҲܻյֶΣֱӽɱˣ㻹û𣿡
Ҷ׿û뵽ô࣬⻹ǿܷ飬תһ룬｣鱨˵ֻмʵǿǬǱңʵɱ̫ܡ
Щϸʵһ㣬ܶҹвҲ̫С˰ɡҶײںĴ
ʵһ㣬ҲֻţɣһΪǵĻɶ󣬸ʵǾͲɳԸ𣿶ң｣鱨һ׼ȷһгҲǬأûУвıǣǲҪˣѷ˵ʲôʱͶˡ٩٩̸
ҿһ˵ΣڵϦˣôʲô龭һҪˡҶ׺Ҳ˵ЩˣʵҲȷпģҪǽ齫Ƶ˵ǰˡ


İʮ ͽ
ٺ٣˰ɣ֪顣ǵ˵
ȥ˭ˣֻǲô鷳ѣʹˣҲһһҲʡȥˡҶ˵
ͱɣС˼һ֪ܲģϷҪֻҪģҪǵϷ򲻸ˣһһҲǲܵġ
ϼһ첻˵ˣҪңҾͲȥʲôָҩģʹҲʱ䣬ô졣Ҷ׽е
ˣ㿪Цأ㣬ЩעⰲȫϷҲκʱܱѵģϷҲҪϢ⣬ǸӦò׷Ź㣬˵ҲԸ㡣
ҶҲ뵽Ǹ뿪ʱԹ޵Ŀ⣬ȻвԼϴǺǸǼǺԼġ
֪ˣ컹ȥɣæһҲˣҪú˯һҶתתԴսڴһͻȷЩˣæͷԼסϢ
֮ϾͿѾζȣӶˣҲûˣ¾̻߳Ա룬϶峤׼ģǲһҲ֪ԼݣԲصصĸԼ׼һ͡
Ա֮ͳһ·ûѾ˯ˣһ˯ر㣬Ҳǽãջ࣬εʱЦء
ֻ˯ʱһطȴһڲһǳصķżӣϴĶǲҵķװȻǲҵӣֻһλȻǲҳϵķΣһǲųϵĻɫΡ
Ӧ˵ҲûʲôֵģڲңȻǲҵӣֻǵıЩ̫ƽǵ̸͸ǲ̫ƽˡ
ϣôһλʵһӣò׺Ŀࡣ
ļλ£һλªͻͬԳһλƫݣ۾Сȴо
ǰȴһλŻɫεĳϣһĳţʲô飬Ҫ⼸ܶ࣬ͷףǲн£ǲų֮һ޳
һмλųϣǶͨĵҵľӢӾɲҵųϸ𣬶ųҲеȼģһųϲһмʮλų֮ĵĳȴֻмλ˲н֮⣬λϣһλƹŲⷿһλǰλҵϲ޳ڲҵĵλ൱֮ߣϵԶΪϡ
޳ʱҲһ䣬ƽ˵ֻǻ֮ˣǺ£ǽҲǸϢܹһĶ֡
һ仰Ͳ޳ݺ˭뵽òҵ֮һĲ޳Ȼ˵ҪңǲҪı
ԣıλ޳һλı֮ĵĲҳϣı֮ĵǬ
һжµˣǬȻûɳǱңע⣬ҪڲһǷǳ׵飬ǬܿҵܱˣǰĲ޳
޳Ϊ֮һӦ˵Ƿǳѱģǲ޳ȴͬĲҰĺܴڲȴǹһ˳ȻǲϣʵȨȴҵִȨڲнҵĹȨһλϲȻϣȴֻһûȨְ񣬹Ųҵĺڱϣһ޴Ĵ
ʵΪΪ˴£ģҪְ峤ָɣΪ峤Ĳ޳ȻǷǳ˽⣬֪޳ҰļȨǿΪ˷ǳ׺ۣ˱˵ΪؼһԲҲǾԵҳϣһҳ˵һص⣬ԲûнȨΪ˷ֹȨʲôԲҲ顣
ΪЩ飬ò޳ڲҹķǳĲ˳ģҪ˳֮λԴҪЮΪϲܹģҲҪʵ˵Ǳ֣Ҫһλĳϲ£Դֻ֮֮͵ûз
޳ڲҵϢͨǬܿǰͲ޳ϵұֻҪ˲ң峤λþˣڱڲҹĲ˳Ĳ޳ĺϢ˵ʹӦǬϾͱڳΪǬ¡
ڲ޳ĶˣǬڲϸʵǿһλǻʾɣλ벽ߡ
λǻʾɵҶ쿴ĲҼϸԪ壬ʱʵϣʵ϶Ļмţ
޳ĻشѵԲĻҲ⻰ʲô˼
Ȼ޳ǬҲǹϵǢֻǻã޳ǽǵԼ¶ѡ
ֻǻɶѣǲеĥ͸رǸˣǺʲôһ㣬ѵûʲôɵĵط𣿡Ԫ˵
л˵ҪڣҪϷ򲻸ˣǶҹ޳Ȼ⼸һӣô˵ô˵
ԪɫҲЩѿҲѹȥ˵¾Ǹ˿϶⣬ͻǻʾƫƫɣΪβˣƫƫ͵˵оǸ̸²ףĳ¾Ȼ˿ûк£óݷͬһ㣬ݿɣҪúõ顣
㶼˵ˣǻҸȻǻɣȥѽҪǱץĻøұ͡޳Ȼǵʵмһˣ˵
ԪɫǺܺÿǵˣϼһҪΪǻῴɫҪҵ峤õ֮һɱľ㡣
Ȼģϻǲұ¶ΪǬѾǣҪӲ޳İţȻҲȫ޳ģͬʱҪӲ޳ľٶᷴڣһڣǬͻֽɱ
ԪЦҲ֪ǵʵ̽ҵϢԶԶûףܰ̽˵ĵϸĻźܿͻŪݵġ
˵ϷͲˣҪʲôǻƻ˶ˣС·ûа취鵽ʲôطֻ֪۹ȥңҲܿ뿪ңľҲұһʵܶͶҵתͶ˲ңûзʲô쳣֮
˲޳ĻԪҲЩʧæµĶͷ｣ˣĻǶǣǶ϶Ƿǳģ｣ҵģȻҳǣһǱ¶ĻҲҪܵۡ


İʮ װץ
вϷŲϷھͽǽȥ޳һŭ֮£ϾͷҲĿһ棬ΪˣڲҲ˴
ԪȻЩ£ǻ򶨵ȻϿҪΪԼ峤룬Ҳвϣֻϣܹ취ǶԸ˶ѡ
޳òѹסһСһͽųȻ鲻ʵϸǾյķʽȥˡ
Ԫæʵϵ˼
ûбյķܵĻǻԽ׽ʵݣ｣£｣ļƻͬⲻȫİ취𣿡޳˵
Ԫ嵱Ȼ֪취ֻһ⣺ϣ˭ȥԸˣ
ѵǻҪϷԳֲһССǻʾʵǻʾɣѵԸĻһǬˣﲻҪ
ԪɫһƬɫԿķŭˣʵǰҲ޿κΣο޳£ĶʲôʹҲֻܷ
Ǻã¾ͳֶԸǸˣܻ׽ĻֱӽԳ󻼡
֪ôˣСĵ㣬Ҹƣ㱾ҪǱˣ治ģԼΪ֮
Ų޳䵭ĻǼҲ뿪뿪֮󣬲޳ȴһӵЩܳʲô£ǬҲ̫͹˲ˡ
Ԫ뿪֮·ϣǺһλ벽ȴǷŭ˵ǺαҪǸϼһίȫֻһöӣûĿҪѵҶǶֲɣ
˵Ӵ󺺣壬Ԫ£һɣͬԪ£ԪǬִǱҵҪˡ
ҲǸ͵˵ĶԣǸϼһ̫ˣǻȥ̫Եǵж
ԪȴͣǾĻվһ𣿲Ҫˣǵʵǲ޳ǰֵһᣬǿ˭иã޳϶ǳǣǲվһߵģҲҪ߶ˣúԼ飬ȵұǲ޳˾ˣǸʱѾˣԲһߵġ
ɺԪĻҲǵͷǴ˵Ķԣֻʵ̫ˣȵұһһҪǲ޳ˡʱһˣǼͬҲŰɣ޳ӲͲһ
˵Цһᣬʵ磬һζԸСӣǶȥ𣿡
ǾͲҪˣǵʵСѾͻǻʾܾСйаƺʵֹһЩΪԷһԳ֣һ֣ҾͽץҺɽҾǡ
Ԫ˵ĺɽǲҺһɽƽʱȥΪûʲôطҲûʲôҩ֮Ĳϡ
ԪΪ˼һص㣬һҶ׾﷢ҽͷġ
ɺͷϴʲôʱжҲӦ硣
ҿ磬ҾͻжȻȥҹʱںɽҡԪ˵
ɵȻȥˣϴҪСģµĻǻڲſڽӦġ
ԪͷͺǷֿ׼Ҷ׿ʼɱж
ҹʱ֣Ҷ˯Ӧ˵ǷǳЩҲ۲ܾû˯ȾˣΪԣǾ˯ʱȻ
Сӣˣɱˡ
ʱҶ׻˯֮УΪΣһ飬ʹ˯֮ûǰй۲Χ
СӣԷݶϣڹ۲û˯ţҽڼװ˯ƭ뷿䡣
ҶҲģһװż˯ߣȻݶϵĵĴ˼ƬƬҲ֪ζȻһСĶڽ뵽˷䣬֮ϢѵĻҶδؾܷ
ֱʱҶ׻װ˯ǺӰĿҶףһֱ׾룬Ҷ˯㣬ڳֻ֣ûйҶףһƬƬϢҶ׵塣
Ҷ׶ʱоס֪ҩ֮ҩԷҪɱͲô鷳ˣҶҲ뿴ʲô
Ƭ֮ǺӰҶӦѾιȥˣһҶףҶ׾һû˶ȷҶûж֮󣬺Ӱ󵨵Ľ𣬴ʱҶ׻װ˯ӰԼϡ
Ҳ֪ȥģҸطְɣҶֹ
ٺ٣ҪĻھͶְɣ⵽ʱûлˡ
ӦԲᱻ֣Ҷ׵żһҲǻʾɣ͵ϮңҲûʲôˣȥ˵ץסǵͬ
ǾɣϷ֪ʲôǲô鷳
ҶҲ뵽һ㣬Ҫ֪ݣͬҲ֪˭Ҷװ˯ʱ򣬱Ӱ˷䣬뿪˲ңֱǺɽȥ
ȵҶױɽܿ͵һƫƧСݣɺڵȴԪ彫Ҷ׷֮˵ԭΪѲû뵽Ҳûõļһǧͽιȥˡ
ϴѹɣɻʵ
㲻֪ǧ𣿾ǻʾ۷壬ֻҪǧ㣬ҲǰʱûжСҵǧ㣬һʱҲѹѹͱ廨ˡ
õˣǾͽݡ˷ܵĽе
ɾȥҶףʱҶҲ֪⼸λˣֻ붯Ϊ֪һЩϢ
ȻȤĻȻ˵ϴǲҪȥǸϼһ˵ѾСץסˣ
ѵˣҶϾˣǴǵĿУǶ˲ǺܴͬʱҲ˵˵ر
Դ¿ҪǽϼһйǽͲԼСʲôݣ｣ˣôϾһνǡ
˵еûг֣ΪҪԼԪҲͬ뷨
ʱѾȡҪҶ廨ˣıסĻҶ׾ͺھͳ֣ȻҲ֪ܣϧʱȲˡ


İʮ ͵Ϯ
ץסһֻ첲ҪסʱҶͻȻ֣һȭֱӺɵؿڣûԤϣ޷֮£ؿڱݺһѣزҽС
ͬʱԪҲǰһĻסˣϾͷӦ˹ͬʱҶ׹ΪǴæûҶͬҲûһ˵Ĺԥ˫ȭ뷢ԪֱӲӲ
һʵֱӾͱҶһȭСݣֻԪӵǻʾʵǺҶ״˸ƽ֡
ȵʱԪ֪Ҷǹװ˯ģԾҶ׵ʵȻܽסһȭԤϵĶҪǿܶࡣ
СӣȻصôӿˣߣҲûлˡԪȡԼһһǸ߼
Ҷȴ赭д˵˭˵ҪˣҿҪˣȻˣҲҪӴӦӦˡ
Ҷ׵ĻԪǿȻոպ˸ƽ֣ǾԲԪʵʵʱ̫죬ԪԶԶûҶףֻһʵѣҪҶ׻Ƿǳ׵顣
СӣԪʣֱһҶףȻǼ򵥵һȴնûʮ佣ÿһ佣ϮҶһҪλǽҶ嶼סˡ
ҶѪͬѪһҶ׷ӣͺޱȣҲ֤Ҷ׵ʵԽԽǿѪһ֮£ͬвһ㣬ֱӳǶ佣⿳ȥ˵ǿ쵶ն飬ûһ˿鷳
Ѫһʱʧ̶˲䣬ԪĹʧܣҶȴϾͷ˹ֱӱ
նѪûκεĻڣֱնԪͷ­ԪһҶͣȫԤϣֻæˢ棬γһܣͼֵסҶ׵Ĺ
ҶԴǵ֮ʵһʼǻɱǻʾڵʵǵ֮ھͨǻʾɶҲܹ£ҲԪ塣
նޱȣֱƳԪķѪԪԪٴ𾪣ǻʾɵĸ֣ϱΣһֻ͵Ұ޳ڰ֮Уͷ­ëţһͷſѪڵĿʨ
ʨŭֻʨ͵ĳҶ׵Ѫ˫Ͼսһǿʨ˸⣬ǱγɣԿǱĲѰ֮Ҷ׵ѪҲʾХžͽǿʨ˫һʱѽѷ֣Χɳʯľϣ񱩵Χγһ
ǿҵܿͻᴫԶĲңҹܹ˵ע⣬ʱԪҲ֪һ㣬ѡսپһʹԼľɱ
Ǽʹľɱ֮ʨŭȴҲûлҶף˫ڼѪס˿ʨ˫ײûзֳ¡
Ҷ״ʱҲܣǵһκǻʾɸֽһǺǺǺˣʵڵԪ壬Ҷ׺γɶ֮ҲоЩѡ
Ԫͬҧ֣û뵽޷ҶףʱǻָӵסһѴ󵶾͵ĳҶ׵ͷ£֪ʱҶûзʱһ͵Ϯ֣Ҷ׾ǳ׵ĵˡ
ҶһӺϮҪԪ壬Ȼûа취ȥԸ壬ֻǷֳһ˿壬۳һâֱӳȥ
Ӧ벽ߵʵȻûа취ֵҶ׵ĹͬʱһԪץסᣬǿʨѪҵĹѪһʱ䱻޷мܣЩֱҧơ
ʹûҧ壬ҶҲԵĲЩѪҲûǰôǿˣԪץסᣬٴηµĳһҶҲŭˣеӲ㻹Ҳһ𣿡
˵Ҷȫնһ𱬷ͬʱɱ֮ŭܼӳ֣һʱҶ׵Ĺǿһ룬Ѫɫ˲ǿޱȣֱӾͳǿʨԴҧȥԪûϵҶ׾ȻܱǿǿʱѾЩˣǾֱӽʨ̽ԼĿУʨ˲Ԫ־ҵ𶯣һѪҺӿ
ۡԪ˲ᣬ۾ģԼȻܸһʮ겻СӣСӾǰһʱ֮
ӸƴˡԪűͳҶɱˣʵѾСҪƴĻʹҲʱֲҶҪҲ׵顣
ƴҶЦһѪɱһȵԪ׾룬Ѫ£Ԫƴȫˣٴγޣ㽣ͬǹ⣬γһֻԶޣҶס
ɱԪһʱѾ˲ʲô¶ˣԼΣգ˵ô࣬ǾҪҶȫƴ֮ʱҶȴûкƴĴ㡣
ɱ֮ۡ
Ҷ׵˫Ϸһٴδ򿪣ĵֻ۳ˣֻ۾һ򿪣ͷһɫâֱԪͷ­ԪһֲҲ֪ǽɫâֱӶ㿪ԴǱܿˣؿȴɱֱ֮Ӷ
Ԫ廹ûҶ׵ǰԼѾˣ౻Ҷ׵ɱֱ֮Ӷ˵ԪˣܼսһսܾͻᾭܲסǿѹԱ
ҶߵԪǰ棬ʱԪԵڵأȴץסǱ૵˵Сӣ㵽˭Ȼǿʵǲ｣£һ£ҪȻô
Ԫ֪Լ౻ѾսðգҶסѪǾֵģ΢Ц㲻֪ҵ𣿿ҲҪбҲУڲң㣬Ǭ¶԰ɣͲ˵ˣոѾһ֪ǣ˵Ǹϼһﵽ˭ǲǲҵˣ
Ҷ׻֪Ԫ˵ϼһݣҪŪԪȴǹЦСӣķڷ˭ʵҪҵĿеõκεϢҲ̸ǲκεϢġ
ҶȴҲ˵ǺãҿĹͷжӲ˵ǴֿʼֻǴֿʼ֣ǴŻҽţһû֫ĻˣָоһǳĲɣ˵˷Žһ̳ÿԺȣȥѽ붼ֲôһ̵أǺֲ顣
Ҷһ˵һ߻㵸ֳͷԪȴǱɫˣĳͷɱҪֲٱһû֫һ̳ǶôĿ£ԪȻбһеӸƴˡ


İʮ ȸں
һԪĺҶƴˣΪ֪һеĻͻѣԼɣǼʹҲҪ֡
ԪȫһͬСɣǱͬһ㣬ϾʹҶ׵壬ͬʱԪȫ͵Ҷ׵ز
ȥɡԪƴһҲҶЩֲֻѸ˺Ѫ齣ͬʱֺԪȫһһΣҶֱӱԪʮ׿⣬ϻԪıһ˿ڡ
Ҷ˵ͬʱԪҲԪˣΪҵ˿˲䱬ѣԪٴѪûӵǻʾɵʵԼмƷҩĻֻܻ֮Ϊȫʧ
Ҷϵ˿ڣûʲô󰭣ͷԪߣʱԪ;ƿˣֻʣһҶ׻ôæʵ˵ϼһ˭
Ԫ巭ŰЦǲġ֪ԼɣͲóˡ
Ҷ״ȡһԪ˵ӦʶɣǾת굤õĻܹס벻ȥͿԼˡ
Ԫһת굤۾ϾֱˣҲ룬Ҷײܸ͵ˣ𣿵˵ˣңҲš
Ų㣬ҲûѡˣҿңĻ㻹һ˿ĻֻܹˡҶײż˵
ڸҷ£Ļ̸ԪȻĶˣһ޳ûʲô֮Ĺϵܲ
Ҷתһ룬ת굤Ȼ󣬿ҵǸͽĻҲֵˣǲģ͵ǻˣҪԪ岻˵Ļֱɱ
ãҴӦ㣬ҩ£ùԹԵ˵˭˵ҩȴ˵Ļͬɱ㡣Ҷ׵
ȸҾ˵ԪЩȲˣΪϢԽԽѾֶܼ೤ʱˡ
ҶŽת굤ԪͣȻҲЩоۣΨһ֪ܵİ취ˡ
ɾǵҶҪת굤͵Ԫ֮ʱȻоһϮҶ׸æԱһٿȥʱԪѾزˡ
ؿڱֱӹᴩԭ˿Ҫ˼ԪҲûˡ
͵ϮҶ׸æ鿴ΧȻһӰٳԶȥҶæǰ׷ϣ׷м·֮󣬺ӰʧȻ˵ʵǿ޷׷
˭϶ǸԪеϼһˣϧûܲ鵽ݣҶЩʧķصСԱߣɱ˵ҵӣҶ㽫⼸˽ҡ
ոǺӰ˭ҶҲȥ߲ң顣
СһʵǿڻĶ֣ǲҳϼҸٶȣǲʵǿļλ֮һ𿪿˵
Ҷⳤ֮һȷҶһ˷ܣæʵ
ϷȷҵˣҵˣЩǲôģݸոֵʱܵٶȣԶǻʾ۷弶Һûȥ׷ĻܶᱻڣԺҪСһ㡣
ĻҶ׵ֻҪעʵǿļλϾˡ
㲻ðʧжһѾע⵽ˣܾͻṷǽֱ㶯֣Ҳ׶㣬֦֪ݵĻͲ˼ôˣ𣿡
Ҷ׵ͷˣҿʦڣҲʡöˡ
ʦʲôʦһضϷҪϢˡ˵Ͳ˵ˡ
ҶҲ뿪Сݣܽ⼸һزңֻҪȥ˵ˡ
ֻѾҹһ϶ѾϢҶ뻹ǵȵɣһͻصԼķ䣬úϢһᡣ
֮Ҷֱ֮أȨҲûܵʲôƣܿͼ֮еĲ档
ˣҲǷǳˣæЦСֵܣôϷˣǲʲôѽ
ҶæӵȷҪҪ档
Ҳ΢΢Ծæʲô飬˵ɡ
ڷɱ֣Խæǰ
ɱˣû°ɣûˣҩһϷﶼûġҲǷǳĳԾȻҶǷǳĹģˡ
Ҷæ棬û£ѾǼɱֽˣҵļϸ
ҵļϸСҶĺѽΪҲҳ˼ϸǴһˣϷҪ㣬˵һϵ
Ҷ׾ͽϵ˲棺ӼװԵ֮󣬱˺ɽһСݣ˵֮͵Ϯǣ˶£ֻϧǶûлǿлһͬûнѾɱţǸɱǵ˾ǵͬ
һͬ֪𣿡ҲǷǳ飬һͬĻԺ˵ͬ
ӷͬӦòҵأǲҵˡ
ҵˣȷҲǺܳԾæʵ
ӿȷʵǿҵ鱨Ǭûɳǿ߽ңɳ»ҽˣ鱨ΨһľҴͬҵ׷ʵǳǿ󣬿Ѿﵽǻʾ۷ˡ
ǻʾ۷壿ǲҳϣһǲųϡҲǳԾΪڲңҲֻӵʵ
ΪֹЩܿų֮еĶ֣ȻǵӵĲ²⣬ǲǣҲȫȷ
֣ѵ˵ǲϣǳԾʵ
ҶȻ֪ˣæҲֻ֪ǲ²ʵǿһĳϣڵ˭ӾͲ֪ˡ
ããСҶķǳãǳãϷҶлˣһҳ˼ϸҸмκεҪܸϷᣬֻҪϷܹĻϷһᾡΪ
Ҷ׻ûЩǺܸ˵ģԼڲҵĵλѾǳˡ
Ҷ׾͵ΪҰ£ҲǷڵ飬Ժ˵ɣȴȥϸΪǰҹҲûоҵǰȥǻС
ھʹϷȥæ
ҶֵټʵǿĳȥĻҲá
СҶʲô˼ѵʲô뷨𣿡æʵ
ӵȷЩ뷨ҶЦ


İʮ й۲
΢һҶ׵˼ˣЦСһ㲻츳ȺǴѽȥǼϸʱ򿴿ǵķӦɣ
˼ֻǵСѣû˵ô
ЦæԱߵ˵ټǻʾ۷ĳϣһҪ٣Ϸȥɽ
淢֮󣬺ܿ죬еĲų϶ۼſڣȴŲ棬ǿʱһҶ׾Ȼߡ
߿ɲ˭ģʹ峤ҲߵģúܶĲҳۺ죬Ҳû취Ҳ֪ӷǳչˡ
棬֪ټʲôԸнʵǶΪһҪԸĻܾôˡ
΢΢һЦǸȥɽһˣǾ֪ˡ
ҲҶˣŲȥɽܿ˺ɽǸСݡ
ǿСǰʬʱǵɫҲǴ䣬ܿϳżλǲҵĵӣһܽгǵ֡
ⲻԪ𣿻ɺ壬˭ɱǣһλų⼸˵ֱϼǷǳϤһ۾ϳˡ
Ҳϳ˭ˣоǱɱûһΪǼϸ
濴۷׷ףվ˵ǲҪϹˣǲǲҵˣҼϸҺñǵСֵСҶˣ˵ǴһôҺúõĿ⼸ǲҵļϸҲôҳԣϸʲôӡ
нæǰ֪ҶֵηֱǼϸģҶֵŪĻ¾Ͳˡ
нĻҲǴ뷨ǿҶֻʮСƨֱܷ˭ǲҵļϸ
ȴ˵ϷԷǳεĸǣСҶжϰٷ֮ȷǲҪʲôɣɵĻǻϷˣСҶ֪ģǲҪ֪ϷֻҪǣעΧˣп߾вҵļϸ֪𣿡
һˣҶ˵ˣǾԷ棬ĻȻڴʱҶȴһֱڹ۲ЩҶ֣Ҫҳĸֵûɡ
ϧôҸҪҳǸǷǳѵ飬ʹҶһֱڹ۲죬Ҳûз˿
ڴʱ˵СӣҪˣصĺҲģϷȴϢںɽµϢһģһ
ҶһϾͼİ˵˭ھͽ¡
ȴЦΪھͿƾ޾ݣвҪôҵǰһλҶֶ֣ҲܣòҪ֣ȴᣬҵ֤֮ٶҲ١
Ǻãڲж˵Ǹ˵˭ҲҶæʵ
վǸʵǿļһע⵽𣿡
Ҷæ濴ȥȻͿһ˶˵ҪرעֲˣֻǴʵȴǳǿ󣬲ǲн
ѵ飬㵽ȥˣϧû֤ݣĻھͿԶˡҶε˵
㲻żеʱ䣬ҲҪעⰲȫʵǿϻһǿӦһɱ˲գ۵ļһ
Ҷ׵ͷǵĶԻûܹ֪ʱ򣬲ֵСҶΪǲҳϸ˵Ϊǲ˽ܳĹףϷҪúýСҶϷСҶΪǲųϡ
˻һҶһƬ𾪣ųϿɲ˭뵱͵ģҪǿʵһҪкҶ׿˵ҪʲôûʲôôܳΪҵųأ
ȻЩͬҲڲǰ˵ʲô֪ʲô͵ʲô˵ɣҪҴˣϷˣǾҪԴųһԴСҶС
һųվ˵棬֪СҶǲҹ׺ܴ󣬿ųϵҪܸߣݼĹ涨Ҫǻʾ۷ʵܳΪųϣһҪʮĲ˵Ҷ߱
΢΢һЦϷ֪ЩЩһĵӵȷǷǳҪСҶ˵ûκε谭ҿ룬СҶ⼸ϸܱҳǲܱҳҶǲҵָƣԲжӰ죬˵Ĳ㣬п֣֮ܶСҶͽ֮ǰˣ˵ųϲϸѽ
һ˵ֶǷ׷׵ͷʾͬȷҶ׵ͷͬСɣҲûĹ͡
Ҷȴое㲻ϰߣûҪõʲôųϵĳƺţ˵棬ûҪ߳ΪҳϣҲԼ̫ᣬ̫ʡ
˭֪ȴЦϷѾˣѵ㻹ҪϷɣĻϷҲֻˡ
һ˵Ҷ׾㲻뵱ˣĻҲôҸоǫ飬˭뵱ҳϣųϣǽõܶĺô
ֶԴ˵ȻһСҶİ£ҵļϸԺҾԲֵģǻļϸϷӽ𣬷ߵգ岻ýµյӣΥĻϷϳͲ
˵꣬ҶͷǣǶ֪ҵؼʱ̣ǾԲܷɡ
ˣҵļϸ͵񣬽ˣҲȥɡ
潫ֶǲɢڶҳϷ׷׸ǣزңȴҶں棬֮󣬲ʵСҶûпʲôرĻɶ󣿡
ҶȴҡҡͷʱûУеĻӻġ
Ҷ֮˵ҲΪĻòȱ¶ϢΪ漴ʹ֪ˣҲδܽ޳ôϾ֮һƾ޾ݣ޷пܴݾߣҶ׾Լҵ֤ٶ֡
ǺðɣϢʱ͸ϷϷһֽץ˵
Ҷ׵ͷͺͲһ𷵻زңҶһ˻ʱ򣬶ʱ˲˵עˣкܶĲҳǰףأҶײòȥ׼ֻڿ׵ʱȻҲǸɵˡ
Ҷ׵ʱһϢܶ೤ϳûǰʾףأΪǶ֪ҶǲߵĺˣǵȻϣܺҶʶ
ҶһһȻҲʶһЩʵǿĲҳϣЩʵǻʾ۷壬ǲܴﵽʵʶǶԼԺҲЩô


İʮһ ٴж
˵ʱһҳȴǰЦЦ˵ϲҶˣܳΪǲųϣǿϲɺѽ
ҶϾ;һվǰǱɵĶǲ޳ʱ޳޿ֵĳҶ׵ǰҶûκε֤ݣܽô
֪ôƺҶ׻֪֣ҪŪʲô
Ϸ˲޳ҶϣСҶԺҲϷ򡣡޳Ц
ʱԱһλųӦֺò޳Ҷףæǰ˵λǲ֮һĲ޳ϣ޳ʵȺ֮ϡ
ųһܣҶҲ֪ϼһĵϸˣȻɫҺԼûдݾҲҪȻܻܿǽˡ
ԭǲ޳ϣһһᣬԺСҶڲһҪղѽҶҲ˵˿׻װģЩҶ׻Ƿǳġ
СҶߵĺˣ¾ϷҲûСҶôˣԺСҶҪʲôҪģܸϷˣϷȻûʲô£˵仰ǹõġ
ҶҲЩԾû뵽޳ȻԼʾã϶ҲûʲôİɣҶ׾װſǾͶл޳ˣܵõ޳ϵİµѽ
ǲ޳ȴһЦӦõģϷΪϣúõչ˲ǡ
ҶЦҺãǻǸûİɡ
ǲ޳˵꣬ȻЦϷܺ棬֪СҶô⼸ǱҵļϸңСҶոǲûжãô֪ġ
ȻĿѽҵĵϸҶЦһѾյˣҪӲҪϸ͸¶ȥҲֻķԸܸ޳ˡ
޳ЦǣȻ淢ˣϷҲҶʡȴСӣҪԼݣϷ˵ġ
޳ֵǾͲСҶϢˣʲôʱпյĻϷĸۡϷһʢ
ҶҲװŻл޳ϣʱһȥݷ޳ϡ
˿˵һ֮󣬲޳뿪˿ʱҲ׷׸ǣҶ׺ò徻Ц޳ɲһöԸĽɫʵǿǹƶˣѲѽ
ҶҲͬĻոѾܹ޳ˣȻһ̸ȴѾ̽ˡ
ϧûץİѱѾ֪ˣҪԸ͸ˡ
żǲ޳ܿͻ㶯ˣǲһΣߵģֻ᲻Գ־˵ˣΪϣ»мģһҳ²ѣ㻹Сĵ㡣
Ҷ׵ͷһ⣬æʵǬǱ߻᲻ʲôһӾͽе˶ˣһ취
ͷ˵еҪҲô׵飬ǻİ취
˼ǣ
ҪΪһ˻仯ģǬҼ±仯ɲҵģҲǺ׵飬ܱϳǼϸǻĻֻͨ취ΪҪܿͻò֪ģǲף޷ҡ
һ˵ҶҲое㼬֣Ժٵ͸Σˡ
ô죿Ҷʵ
ɣֻҪжץѱǲжĻ㵹ץʲôѱˣ㻹ϣʲôĺá
Ҿ;䣬ϣǿжҲ뿴ǲ޳ʲô취ԸңǬʲôµж
ҶڲҰĹ˼죬⼸˵ʵҲΪݣ϶кܶǰݷãټ³ϵһЩȻȥҵ飬ǱϾΪϣЩ黹Ҫģ翪ᣬǳڲҵǰϡ
Ҫ˵⼸ûʲôɱ֮飬ǲ޳ҲûҶЩоȤֻùԹԵԼס
ʵոͻǻʾʵȴѾﵽǻʾɣֻǸոͻƣǺȹ̣⼸úõȹһʵ
ϵⵤҩĽ֮ǵȵʵȹ֮ٷãкúܴĺô⼸ҲûȥΪһɺڰǣЩڰĽ֮С
⼸ҶһֱЩڰǱԼܹƵ̺ĺڰҲҶ׵ָӣϾͿˡ
һɹеµսģʽˣԲԼڵʵǹ죬һ߻ûмʶҲҶ׻ռܴıˡ
ЩҶ׾ųʵжȹͬʱ޳סһڼеȴţǲ޳ʱɫȴǷǳ˷ܣΪõһϢ
Щ˵һֱڷŭ֮жȹҶһĳΪҵǣһвİȫʳѰҶ֣ڳ֣»ᾪˣ֪浽˽٣ɲûлԼΪܸоҶӵСһѾעˡ
ԴҶ׵Ľ֮ио޳ı㣬ʹҶôαװܹҶ׶ѾעˣǶһ㳤ϵĿ⣬Բ޳Զ֣Ҫ֡
ȴľֵˣڴʱ߽һˣǲ޳£в壬ʵǻʾɡ
ֻǲ޳ȴˣǲ뷿֮ϾͶԲ޳˵ϣ㰲ŵѾˡ
ǲ޳ɫһЦæǼҵǷѾ·ˣ
æǳŵģǺܿͻᵽԤصġ
޳ͷǾͺãҲ󣬿е˳˳ĻֱӽҪ˴ңǡ
æ˵ȥǳ
ߺ󣬲޳ЦСһڵˡ
ʮһɽ·ϣҴĵн·ϣһλǲųϣʵǻʾСɣλҹ£ʵڰ벽߼
ǲųв䣬һλ벽˵Ҳ֪һȥִ˳˳ϣһƽ
ǰ벽ЦϷģֲִʲôҪֻǺһȥҽһЩ¶ѣʲôΣյġ
ǲЦҶˣֻҽǾﲻ̤ʵҲ֪ô£ǲ壬رѯʲôʱôоеʲô˼


İʮ ·ɱ
ʲô˼ֻû¶ʼѡǰ벽Ц
Ҳѽ˵Ҳ͸͸ֻûˡ
λҵӺǺЦ
Ҫ˵⼸ңҪǽҶӵСһͷˣСС;ȻΪųϣȲ㶼ȥˣòѽһλ벽߸п
ʲôĽģ˼ƾ汾£ѵûп챻ɱ˵ļϸ֮Уһʵﵽǻʾɣ˵ʵҲﵽĸ߶ȣϷȻǿˣϷûʲô뷨
˵ҲǣֻǾСݲһ㣬츳֮ߣҲһ᲻бĿġ
˵ǲæȵҪҲ£۹ҶϵݣҲҪ˵Щˡ
˵ǣЩҲֲģæһ֮ǻȥϵطúõĺһΰɣڲҺþöûˣҪúúȸһ벽˷ܵ˵
֪ȾƣҪͺáҲЦҲǸƹȻҲŹĻᡣ
ֻǾ˵ʱ򣬲ȻǰмվӦ˵·Ƿǳ飬ﱾˣ⼸˲ĵطǸûߣҲ·Ϣվ·룬ǵȥ·ˡ
˶סȥ·ǲое㲻Ծֻû뵽̫࣬Ͷǰļ˵λϷҪ˵أϣλüϷһ𾭹
Ҳ֪ЩطʲôɽˣûʲôţԸɽаյġ
мһȴЦùȥˣǾɡ
ȻԷǳģ仹Ҫ˵Աһλ벽ȴͷˣȵСӣ֪˭𣿸ϿÿҪȻ㲻
˭֪ǴȴЦҵȻ֪˭Ҫǲ֪Ļôסǵ·ء
֪ǻѵҪӶֲɣҺͲԣˡ벽߼ΪҵͷѹеĶ֣Щɽ˸˵ˡ
ץľǲҵˣܲңǾҪץˣ־ܰɡ󺺸ûκεľ£Ǹӵš
⼸λҵ֮ʵҲǿоǼ򵥣ݲóȻ֣æȥ˵֪·ĸ֣Ҳ֪ʲôط˸£еĻ£ϷԸⲹֻҪϷܹ쵽
Ȼ⼸˶֣һǲ֪ǵݣǲ֪ǵʵΣ£õİ취
ϧԷȻû룬Ϊ׵ĴЦǺãҪϵõֻҪԸˡ
仹һˣܹ飬ǾͲ飬æ˵֪λҪʲôֻҪܹһ
ҲҪʲôֻҪ˵СǵС¾ˡ
˵󺺹Ц
һɫˣԷ߲ѽûʲô̸أҪǵҲô׵顣
ǸλһҪˣɱǣʲôôǻΪҵĵˣ׷ɱԶûгͷ֮աɸ̯ƣ붯֡
ûгͷ֮յǲҰɣ˼գǲҶᱻˣֻǰ·ѣǵ֮ͬˣܿͻǵġ
ҰСӣȻҶǲҳԲѷȳһ벽޷ˣû˸ҶԲ˵󵶾ͳȥ
ǲ䱾סǻûסҵӳȥͶǰǸһ벽ߵĵҲ൱ƣһͬչ˲󺺵ǰ
ǴȴǺ£ϸ¶˲мЦݣֱǰ벽ߵĵҪ䵽ͷ֮ʱǴǳˣֻûгԼֵס˶ԷĹ
׼ȷ˵Ӧָֻ벽ߵĹƾ͸ˣǰ벽߾ֵĿǿһȻȫֵԾǣԷָֻԼıסˡ
ĽòĿɿڴϾʶԷǿˣֻϧʱѾˣǰ벽߾ֵҪԼı֮ʱǴ󺺿кһ䣺ȥɡֱһⱬ䣬ǰ벽ߵؿڣ벽ؿϾͳһ˲͵ز
ֻһգ۵Ĺ򣬶Էͽһλ벽ɱĽòһ벽߸е־壬µѾûκε·ˣǱȥͶԷƴҲܹȫˡ
һβ׼еĳǹѾסǹͷֱӶǴ󺺣һײҸ߼ǹȻȲЩųϣų֮ʵҲٮٮߡ
ǹͷǹӰ֣ӵ˼ʮǹȫԷȥÿһǹǻӰĹֻҪһǹжԶԷҲǼ˺
ǻʾСɣҲǰˣŪǴûȡȫûнĹò䲻ûиоˣ෴ѹ
Ϊǰһ벽߱ɱ֪˶Էǿ󣬾Լʹ˾ѧȻҲûбԷһ׶༪ˡ
ǼʹҲҪƴһƴıǹŹâǰʮ׷ΧĹΧǼʮǹӰѸٴ󺺵壬Ʒ֮죬ƼΪǿ
ǼʹԷûʲôֱĹǰң˵˲̴ܴԷ壬ҲоЩϲˣѵԷУ̵ľҪ㿪ĹѾ̫ˡ
òû뵽ǣԷûд㿪ǹͷҪʱ򣬴󺺺Ȼһһ𣬱һɿµֱӳǰıǹʱоһɾ޴Ϯɫ䣬ʮǹӰ˲飬סĳǹҲˣֱӱʮ׿⡣
صˤڵϣʱоԼؿһʹǱոǹɿµģ֪жǿˣƾոձͿԽˣʩչĻԼûκεĻᡣ
ֵʵǻʾ۷壬ֵܵģҲûκεսˣһ޷ӮĶ֣ûκεϣ
ǻʾСɺǻʾ۷̫ԶˣһȼϵģǴ󺺿˿ϵĲ䣬˵ǻʾСɣҵǰͬһ㣬Լ˶ϰɡ
֪ԼڽӣҲûƴΪƴֻĸңֻ仹ԼΪʲôҪǱ˭ɱġ
˵ϷĶ֣ϷҪ֪ǣϷ˭ʲôˣ


İʮ 
Ǵ󺺴ЦҲ޷ѾҪˣҾҵˣϾҪԲҷĴֻǰվѣ˵ҲúڣЩ˺ܿͻһġ
һҵˣһʹ࣬û뵽ҵˣϧڲһ֪Լֲȥǡ
ڴʱһ벽֮󣬳ûҪܣǻûеܳʮԶһǷɵֱӹᴩͷ­
Ҳ֪ԼܲˣЦԭҵˣֲֻҪǲҲô׵顣
Ǻ֪ܿˡ䣬䵱ͱС
˱֮󣬴Ŷߵһλ˵ھ㷢õʱˣұģɣñһģһҪʲô©
æͷģСܵ⻻һ˸ͿСھͰӸ仯ģ£Сھ仯
£۾Ͼ˫ֿʼƶʱĴĶ֮΢Ĺ֮Ƭ̵Ĺ򣬵ȵӵÿȡһͭԴ˵磬㿴ģǲǺͬ
󺺽ӹͭһȻһģһͷɫκεĲͬͷСӣĻ湻ģǷˣȥܵҲ仯һҵģҲҪԼ
æȥһ󺺱仯ģƬ̣ͬһλҵӵģӱٶȸ죬¾ͳ˵ҵӡ
վһû˲ΪǸոĲӣģȫһģһ
ܣǧԽԽˣʲôʱɴģҶϲˡһЦ
ܣôұɴģһҪΪ˽ңⱾҲ¶ģǶ籣ĵѽ
ǽһҪɴˣһҪǳɹĻһ͵ġΪ׵Ĵ󺺹Ц
ܣǬһ֧ǳǿΪ˺ܶɵ񣬶Ҵûʧ֣ǬµҲ쵱һҪǲҽǱҵȫŭǬǬҲɳԼľӢ
һԭ򣬾ǬѾ֪һصˣԼ²صˣ׵ľ뵽Լǰɱļλ֣һǱһصɱǬܹɣڲҵˣɳܣҪɵ
ܵĻϣҶ׻׽ΪҶ׵ĿеõϢ
ܿ˵쳣ϴ磬ʵǻʾ۷壬϶ģʵǻʾɣѣʵͬǻʾɡ
˶ҵӣϵȴЩԶֻΪһִ񣬾ͱΪܣϴʵǿ϶仯֮Ѱ֣һֵİ򣬶ѲĶ֡
˵ǵʬ£Ҫ˷ˣڵݾǲҵĵˡ
ĺϾͽ˵ʬˣǴ֮ȡһŲһЩּ¼С˵ϸϢǺúõļȵ˲Ҳʲô⡣
æ磬ǲѾʱѾμ𣿲ٿˡ
һʧ࿴Ҳûлʡõʱˡ
˾ͽӹٴļЩϢڴʱǰȴһλ磬üˣСܿԴǽҡ
һϾ;˭ԹԵĸҳҪȻӲˡ
Ϳǰһ˳ǵǰǲ壬æЦλ粻õģӭӼλġ
ӭǣ㵽˭챨Ӷˣֻ·һˡȵ
æ˵¾ǲ޳ϵ²壬ǰӭӼλ硣
һʱ޳£ϾЦЦԭǲϵˣǾԼˣǲ֪ϻôܵӭǡ
æ޳һֱڼȴżλϢСϾͽλزңҪӭǡ
Ǻã޳飬ھʹǻȥûʲôɣ⼸ҵӲǳִ𣿡
Ȼ֣ȴҲһϸ֮ˣ֪ҵȥҵģھͻȥ϶˵ע⡣
˭֪ȴЦˣʵûʲôֻ޳Ϲⰲǳģû֪ǵΪʲôţλɷĵĻȥʱ»ȫźüλ飬κ˻ɵǡ
벻ĻܵǾ͸һȥǲҵЩʲô¡
˾ڲĴ֮·زңǽ֮ûֱܹ٣ѾͲһģһûκε
ֱӽǴ˲޳ķ䣬޳һǣҲǷǳľȣȻûпαװģΪǲ彫ĲҵӴˡ
ڲ޳Ծʱ򣬲æȥ˵ϣ⼸λģǸոѾ·Ͻ˲ˣֻαװǵģ
޳һ⻰ٴδˣЦ֣Ǹ֣ϷһֱΪҲӲϷ۾û뵽λϷͿʲô١
ЦҶܵǧҪ㶼ܿóĻǽҲûʲôˡ
Ļ˵Ƿǳİʱ޳ȴûΪϣ˴Ǹ֣Ļܹõõİڱ˵⣬ΪԷʵ֮£ʱ˵
ԭǽܣϷţ˵һЩǿ߾ǵʵϷԺҪúúȡܹҳ״塣
޳Ҳ˵ܣҳ£̶ܴϾΪڰдɱҸ֣Ҽǻʾ۷ֶǱ˰ɱǽܸɵġ
ЦϹˣҲֻЩССֶζѣҵļǻʾ۷峤ʵҲ˰ˣûʲôֵÿҫġ
ǫ飬˭ĳڿԼǻʾ۷ǿǵǰʲôǻʲôַҲֻа벽ʥˡ
Ȼ޳ҲΪ̫Դ˰ɣҲһǻʾ۷壬ǻʾɣһЩɱֶΣôǿ𣿲ǱϺǿ˵Ȼǻʾ۷ǿ߶ڼλǲЩ˾͸ǼλĶˣϷǺڴѽ


İʮ ̽ϸ
ûõļһһССǻʾͰȫɵˡ޳Ľܣ˵
޳Ҳ˵Щȣ绰лҲһˣ޳͡
һλǰСӾͱˣ֪λСʲô㣬⣬û˵ʲôʱǰңҲ׼
޳ľǬ㹥ңĻлΪҵ峤ȴЦǵ㻹ǲҪˣԸаţ飬͸ˣ˵ҲǹԹԵ׼ȴǰ
޳Ҳֻͷ˵ǣȴǽܣųǬҪ󣬵ӳΪ峤ǸЬĻᶼûС
ǺãλȺúϢѾ˷һ裬λϢ޳˵
ȥǼɱ˵ļһ﷿ô¸׼ˣʵ
ֵܣͲ֪ˣֻǲҵļ۵ĽɫǻȥĻȻ˵ע⣬ʹӺһģһϰԻǲͬڲҽЩǶǻȥǺܿ¶ˣϷѾͨϷȨ˰ŵϷ£ԺǾֻҪˣЩҵӾͶҲȷλİȫ
˲޳ĻҲͷܵҪ֪ǼҲȥЩûõĶˡ
ҲǴϲٻЩԺ飬޳ţûκκ֮ˡ
ͱ޳´ȥ˰ŵķ䣬ˣǰ˵ϣ⼸̫ˣ𣿲ұǿĶǡ
޳Цõģǽ˲Ҿ͵ҪϷԸСӵֻýˣʹǲɹϷԸԶ֣ɱǰ漸ҵһҲǣ󻼡
ЦҺܿϵˡ
ҲǷһĴЦ
Ҷ⼸찲͸͸ڲй䣬ҵ̺ܴ⻹ֻǲҵļأڲҵĵռ۹֮һĵֻ̣ڲҵļ档
ҶϺѽпճѽܿвҵҶ״к
ҶϣϷɣϷгƣҶƷ
ҶϣʲôʱϷддѽϷܹ̼Ҷϵľѧѽ

ЩٻҶҲֻ΢΢һЦͷӦţûͲҵЩΪڲҴܳʱ䣬Ҳʶ̫ˣʶ̫࣬ͻиΣա
ҶӣôˡȻ֪ð˳վҶ׵ߡ
Ҷ׶ӡǺܺãû˵ֻ߶ѣͬ
ҶײԼߣɫ΢ЩΣϾЦҽҲûģһҪ顣
Ҫ顣ҶҲЩԾ֪϶Ǻ｣йأΪ｣ˡ
ǲʲôҪתѽҶʵ
µ׼Ҫ鱨Ҫ㡣
ѵҵִ˲ңҶٴηʵ
ʲôˣȷˣңҸ㣬ǬѾɳµ½˲ңһɳʵǿѾǵݣһζԸҵĽܣǽ֮ģ˲ҵӣԺѱϣҪСһ㡣
ܣҶȴ֪ҵ飬ұǬǱҲóܷͬСɡ
жǿʵû˵Ҷæʵ
æܣϴ磬ʵǻʾ۷壬˵൱˵ãƺͲҶʵĸֲ£λһģ仯֮Ǳ仯ɲҵģֶΣһѣóʵǻʾɣһǬ˵Ѫˣת㣬һҪעⰲȫûκΰղҪǶ֡
Ҷȴ˵Ҳ֣˼һҪң˵ˣȻ֪˭ˣѵҪڲж𣿡
Ȼ˼һ£ΪԷʵǿҲ밲ֽңֻ߰ŲԲȴһЩӡæ
ˣ֪ˣȥһСĵģڻ᲻ᶯ֣ǾҪˣʲôʱ˸һҪʱԼ˴ԼˡҶ˵
ͷһתģǡ
Ҷ׻عͷ˿ȴȻЦôôˣǰ̬Ȱɡ
εЦǰǰڣԴ㽫ǬǻʾɸֶˣһǰҵʵȻܺȡ
ԭ챻еҵ֮ҲǾȲѣû뵽Ҷ׾Ȼɱǻʾɵĸ֣뵽ԼֻǻʾСɣҶ׵ǰֱˣܲ׳Ƴ
Ҷ΢΢һЦôˣֲǵˣֻҪû²߾ˣҲ˿ʲô
æ֪ˣԺעġ
Ҷ׵ͷϾ뿪ˣһߣҶҲЦЦȻҪʵ˵ǰûԼԼɱһǻʾɸ֣ͽԼϴһ㿴ˡ
ҶڲйƬ̣һȽϰĵطʱһۡдм֣޳
޳ǲǲ޳סɣҶЩ棬޳ѾɵĶסҶ׵Ǻȥ޳ʵ̫ǿˣԼŪõĻᱻץסġ
һ룬յģʹԼôԼֲǰҹҵš
뵽Ҷ׾ʹҡڵ˹ȥ޳ĸۡɣռмʮĶһܴ԰֣ʽСɽˮǾɫ
벻޳ͦܵģҶ˵󿴿ֿһ棬һܲܵõõϢ
ǵߵ԰мʱȻһȵ˸Ҵϸۡ󵨡
Ҷ׾վﲻˣҲҪ˭ţعͷһͿһųģĲҵӹˡ
λǲ޳²壬Ҳûп˭æֹҶ׵ʱɫҲһ䣬һʱ֪˵ʲôˡ
ôҵ滹Ҫ˭ͬҪĻҾˡҶҲ£װģ˵
æЦҶϲҪ²֪ҶǰðˣҪʲôĵطҶˡ
ˣҲƽˣ˭סôôƯҶװ֪ʵ
ϵסһϲľ԰֣ԽסĽˡҲǹԹԵĴ


İʮ սǿ
ԭϵĸۡѽҿҾˣһȥ֮ҲҪ˵˵ʲôʱҲŪסͦġҶ׺˵
ɫȴЩѿΪ֪Ҷ׻лѽҲһӵ԰֣ΪǳƷѣַǳ˷ѣҪǸ˵ˣ²̨
СᣬȻˣֶѽҲһŭҲûа취յģֲܶɣҼʹˣһҶ׵Ķ֡
æ˵ҶǰھȥϣǰӴ
ˣֻ߶ѣͲþˣæʲôȥæʲôɣùҡҶ˵
Ͼ뿪ˣҶ״˲壬͹۲ܣ˵ԺᾭֻǸʱǰ죬ˡ
һҪץ޳İѱƽʱץֻһЩİ취ҹǰ֮̽һȻЩðգɿİ취ҶԼ죬ӦܱԼİȫ
䱻Ҷ״֮ȴϾȥҲ޳ˣҶĴô߲ܲ޳޳ķ䣬ϾϣˣСӾȻˡ
޳һ⻰ҲЩԾϾһЦʲôõģҿǷǳãȻǾͷ֪Ҳ޳ôöԸġ
æʵѵҪԳֲɣĻ»ᾪģϾߵĺˡ
޳ȴЦҸҪԼ֣ҪԼ֣ҪҼһھôʱˣȥ
һ⻰æȥҽܣ޳ķ䣬޳֮Цˣھͳȥ¡
޳ȴҡҡͷɣܿͻᾪңڻǶֵʱֻǳȥѵѵ֪Ҳ޳
ȴ˵ϣǰǵĴֲɣȥѵǾҪȥ𣿡
޳һ˵ɫãæЦλˣϷ뷨ϷǵСܵϷҪ̽ʲôСѾϷˣϷ
˵˵ȥǵԼˣҲҪȥСӣжı£ȻܹɱҵˣǾͲòˣҵϢɡ
˵Ҫȥ޳ȴæ˵λǧҪɱϷĸۡﱻɱĻϷҲסˣмǡ
粻м˵֪ˣӳȥġҲֻȥѵѵѣΪ㣬ΪǱɱļλҵӡ
޳һ⻰ŷˣʹڼϢˣλС˳ܿҵ԰ֵҶס
ҶҲо˿ˣܸоǺǿһĲҵӣعͷͿѾ
ǲ廹˵ߣ۲ģһʲôϾҪֹҲ˲޳ķԸϣɱҶס
æܵλҶϣҶϣ⼸λĲ䳤Ϻλ£
Ļе㲻ͷҲû˵Ϊ֪ǲ޳İţߵҶ׵ǰ´һǲм˵벻ǽŪǷǸҶѽ
ҶЩԾѵ˲ʶæʵλѵЩ춼û𣿡
ǲһãæȥ˵⼸λոִҶϵ顣
ԭҶ΢΢ͷо⼸һɲͬѰϢǾԲһҵϵϢϢǿҺ˾£Ϊɱ
⼸йҶ׵һͷжϳˡ
ǵȻй˱仯֮ѣǵݱ˲ҵӣǱӦòǲҵˣ˭Ӧ˰ɡֱӾͿ϶ĻΪʵһ۾ͿǵıĿ
ԭǾ｣˵ĽѽȻˣˣ̤ЬٴȫѹѽҶﻹһϲϾͱĻˡ
СӲҪ˵̫磬ǵʵǿһʵӦӵǻʾ۷弶𣬺ǲ޳࣬Ҳǻʾɣͬ㲻ܺӲƴ
ĻҶҲоЩˣǻʾ۷弶𣬶ǺͲ޳һģǾ͵ûˣգҲԼô
ҶЩʱǲȴ˵⼸λ˵ҶʵǿǺǰҶдд裬סѽ
Ҷһ⻰Ͼ֪ǵˣдѵԼѽҲһЦҶϳȫϷ֪ҶϵʵǲŵҶ׿ûôɵﶯ֣ǲֿԣæЦֻѣûжʵҵĳͷΣҲ谮ãܺųȣλͲдˣ䡣
Ҷ׾뿪Ѿ鵽˼ҵӵݣֻҲô׵飬ô뿪
Ҷϣ˵ǲϷˣ˵ųϣϷųϣϷҶ֮ϣôҲҪ㣬ӸϷɡ
ҶһЦӸ㣬ԼҪˣװЦ½е岻ɣһǰͼλдд衣
˵Ҷִ뿪Ͼͽ·ˣЦߣôżȸҹҲ١
绹ûеҶ˵ͻȻһƷֱҶ׵ľһ֣ҪҶ׵СҶ׸æܣʵȫºѱܿ粢ûʩչȫǽʵѹǻʾɣΪҲ뱩¶ʵ
ܿĹҶһ˺ףҲǸоǳľȣȻѾʵǸոһιһǻʾɸֶѶ㿪Ҷ׾ȻˣɱҼӲ˵ģı¡
ʵȻٴγȥһƷһǰͳʮӰÿһӰ̺ǿǻʾ۷ʵĹ˲оΣء
ҶҲҴ⣬֪Էʵ˵ԷʲôʱͱԼҪѶûлˣæʩչһѪɫɳ


İʮ ʤ
ͼҶ׷ǵѪɫֱӰ֮ϣȴǽֵӰƣǳ羪ȵı仯Ȼ۵ǳǰڰ֮ԶΪһҽΧӰҲͬʱա
ȻһѪɫǲܽеȫۣҶͬʱٴηųһЩѸٵıһҶٴδеͼһѾ۳εѸٵıҶյԼУܿͻΪԼ
ҶʩչûнѪЩҲȫΪȷǷǳǿǿ˸оµĵز
Ҷ¶һҲǾڳÿһˣǾȵվ˵ʲô򣬾ȻܽҵգСӣ㵽õʲô˵
ʱѾôˣֻһĹҶʩչûмģҶȴЦʵҲûʲôֻõһЩСѡ
СΪɵѽһŭЦȻ㲻˵ҾԼԹ˵ҵҪ㻹ܲҵĹ
һ粻ٴˣոǽҶ׵һ׶ԸСһڣѾҶ׵ʵˣô򵥡
㳢ǧӰѸڿռ仯һʱҶ׵ǰӰҲʮôˣЩӰӵһǿ룬Ȼһֻµģ
ʲôƷ˵һҶҲ֪ԼºѶԸˣٲѪǲˣͶԷԿ
ҲˣҲҶˣСӿѪⲫĶ֡
ҶײҴ⣬æʹѪѪһҶֱӷϰգͨǵӰֱȥ
նҶһʩչżѪʵܹԷƣΪԷǲͻƵǻʾ۷壬ֻҪͻƵǻʾ۷壬ĶԸ
ǿѪֱ˶ԷӰͬһֻĻ֮гΣֻÿһֻһӵϢӰҪ
ڰ֮г֣ЩӰֱӹҶ׵Ѫ֮ϣѪҲǳһĻζȴǽӰĹֵѪڰ֮мʹĻӳݻŸӰƬ֮еӰѪסʱҶҲЩһιٵȻԷûͻǻʾ۷壬ǶԷȴǳǿرӰ̺֮ϢҶ׵һμʶġ
ҶջѪѸٵĵǱϻװûһ㣬öо˼飬ոһιԻǻʾ۷µĶ֣Ҷ׻Ǹסˡ
СԽԽˣҲҶԽԽȤˣҪǽһսһֱҶ׵һͨĶ֣СС;ȻܹﵽʵȻ鴫
СӣȻܽסҵǧӰãҾ㡣ҪˣΪͻǻʾ۷ҶսͻƵĻ˫Ȼûа취Ҷˣֻˡ
һ¶Ҷ׾кܴвˣԷʵҪǿܶ࣬ԼҪȫԸУ⻹Ҫϣֲʩչǻʾ۷ʵС
ؼʱ򣬰֮ȴִһ󵨣ȻڲҶ֣ס֡
ҶһҲϲ⣬˭ˣܹȫˣ̧ͷһͿһӰ˰֮Уܿ䵽ǰ
ԭǲнϣҶ׿ǲнϾ͸ˣнһֱάԼģнĳҲ˸оŭǿнʵҲûзˡ
ϡæݹнͬʱʹɫҲͬ
Ϊ˱ԼݣҲòװģһϡ
н˿Ҷףһ仰ʵҶϣû°ɣûˡ
ҶæЦûû£ûˣһжá
нһŷˣתͷǷŭ˵˭ǸҶ϶ֵģǵһҪͷǡ
нԲҵ˲ǶϤųкüˣнҲ֪ܶǵ֣벽͸ʶˡ
籾뷢ʲôʱԴͬʱһнϣҵĸۡҪҵʲôĻǲҪȸϷкѽ
ܿ죬޳ͳǵǰ˼޳ˣҲû˵ڲ޳ʾ֮˵һȥû˻עǡ
Բнʵǲܿ⼸˵ģ⣬н޳ˣͺǲ˵˵ϣļ¾ȻҶ϶֣ǲ̫ˡ
޳ȴЦнʲô˼ҵĸۡҵҵĸۡҶϹʲôɵģ˵ˣֲҶǰģҵ˶ҶʲôԵĵطҲпԭҶϿǲѽ
޳֮⣬ҶףҪǲ֪ͨҵĻһʲôԲнǳĲ˶внǴϣΨ޳ԸУΪһֱΪϵְӦģֱн֡
ʲô˼ĸۡôˣһǲҵĵ̣Ȱ㻹ǲҪ̫ˣװε˺ϷûأҪ֪ˣ֪ʲô
ʵнҲ֪԰֣֮ûи棬ǲͲ޳ֵ̫ԲҲ޳̫ˣΪĵˡ
޳Ȼɫˣϼһ˲ңӵһҪɱ㡣
޳Ȼ룬ﻹһΪҲִ󣬲޳˵ֻǻдѣ㲻ŵĻȥǣѵ㻹Ҫҵ鷳ɡ
н˿ˣûпʲôãֻǼͨĲҵӣֻǲ޳¡
ҺҶû£ҶʲôĻҲѲ˸ϵҶϣ뿪ɡ
˵ղнʹҶ뿪԰֣޳˵ˣҶʲôʱǰ֪ͨһϷ򣬲ҪֳʲôЦˡ
Ҷ׵ߺ󣬲޳˿Աߵ磬Цô֪Сӵ˰ɣɲһ򵥵Ϸ｣ˡ
ҲҶ׵ȻǷˣȴ˵ӰɣϧҲܱ¶ʵҪȻͿԽ¡
޳ЦԺеǻᣬֻҪڱ˵Ƥ¾ˣСӷǳƻҪСˡ


İʮ ɱ
ǰ޳Ļ»ᱻֱӣҲòˣͷ˵ͷİɣö೤ʱ䣬ҾͻὫӲҴߵġ
Ǿ뼸λжɣСڲһ죬ǵжǼв޳æߴٵ
СѽһҴϣȻһССĶ֣˵ȥЦʲôʱжͲˣ㻹ǹܺԼ飬һǲҪԸһˣǵĿ껹иǿĲҵӡ
ѵǻб񣿡޳һ˷ܣ֪Ļ⼸˶ԸĿɲһĲҳϣԼͬʵǿߡ
ЩǿߣԼͷȻĺϢˣ翴һ˷ܣ֪ʲôЦҲҪ˵̫ˣԲԸǻҪǵ飬ûһҪֻ˵ΪѣҪӷĻҲͲ붯ˡ
˵Ȼ滰ֻò޳ϼһ̫ˣ޳Ȼó˼æǰЦֻҪλܳ˲ҼλʵǿĳϣϷԸسлϷȻûʲôֵǵıʲôƷҩǧеģֻҪλܽǣرǸոһλнϷԸóԼһļҵΪл
޳ڲǵϣƽʱϲ̰ܻߣ̵ĺô٣ڲҿļҵ񣬳ǧҲʲô飬Ȼ֮£ҲĺһЩƷҩı˭ӶˣҳҲûв޳Ķࡣ
ȻģǾ취ɣ͵飬ûʾУҲʾϵĳѽ
޳ǻû־ҪӸǮˣǱӻڣֻҪǳ֣ٶǮ޳ҲԸ
˵ȥ֮ϾϣλӦҲҪжǣĻϷȵĶ᲻ͷˡ޳ҲϣǾ֣нȼϼһﴦ֮󣬼ʹûԸңǲҵĴȨҲ
ģֻҪܴǸǵģǻᾡжģ͵Ϣɡ绵Ц
޳ǸѽҺܿԼˣԤĶҪ죬ֻû뵽ʱҲ룬ϼһȽǣǻЩƱǵġ
ҶڲнĻ֮зأнƵʵСҶô޳ģ
ҶæЦֻ£䡣
ԭҪһ£޳㲻ǺѺãûעһ㣬޳Ϊ˲ôڲҲ֪飬³֣Ҳ
Ҷæͷ֪ˣԺҲġ
Ǹո˳ͻǲǹҪ鷳ǵĻһ峤޳ҲԣҪô
ҶæҡͷˣԼ֪ô飬Ҳʲô£ֻдѣҲûˣͲþˡ
Ҷʱò޳̫ע⣬Ҳ㽫⼸αװҵ˵ΪҪץסЩ˵֤ݣȻһ򾡣˲޳Ļǰж
ǺðɣԼСĵ㣬ʲôҪĻ͸ϷϷġн˵
֪ˣлϡ
н뿪֮ҶԼϣոһսԼЩˣ˵ҺܿҪˡ
˵ǬܿҪԲҷҶ׳Ծʵ
Ӧ˰ɣж֮ǰ϶ҪԸ㣬֮ǰжҪæˣȥŪǵж
ٺ٣㲻ȥǲ޳ĸۡɣҶЦ
ҿûô˵ֻǽæ㣬ҪôԼ飬±ҡϾͽƱ
İɣʵ飬ҾѾȥǼһˣҵĵӣ϶ʲôܣ˵֪Ǭʲôʱ򹥴ҡ
ϾȥϷҲеû£ǿԿ֡
ҶЩ˵ҵЦͺǰɣΪϲ𡣡
ҹʱ֣ҽƽҵĵ֮⣬һ϶Ѿ˯£ֻһЩ仹ŵƣҲһЩڷܵĵץ
ʱһӰڲҵϿշɹͬһֻϢǰһطӰҶףݶֱ֮ӷ˲޳ĸۡ
ȵ޳ĸ֮ۡҶ˲޳סأǳСģΪ֪޳ʵһСľͻᱻ֣ӵ˺ǿ룬ܹԼʯһصĺϢȵ޳ݶϷϾͷ棬ԼϢֱ䵽С
Ҷ͸ݶֱӳ濴ȥ޳ķҲûйصƣʱ޳֮УûκεĶЩʧֻܷأȥѰǽֵļˡ
Ҷײ⼸סۡһ仹ŵƹ⣬Ͼͳƹ֮ȥٴ䵽Աߣ̽ͷһͿһ
磬ǾͶְɣҪˣֱӽСӸץߣڵǵϢءĶ˵
ȴҡҡͷЦǼʲôûǲ޳˵ĻҪɱǲн⼸ҵǿߣóѵ͵ҩҴˣҵǲҵĶϣֻҪɱˣеؼȫߣǱɱһСӲ֪٣ǲüŶСӶ֣ɱɱЩϼһʮ졣
æ˵˼ȶǲҶϳ֣ȥǵ⣿
ЦǾأɱǲҶϣٽǵϴһգȻٷҵӣǲǾԸоǳĺ棬ǳĴ̼
˵ǣʱҪǲҵ֪ȫһʲôı飬ǿ±ȶҪ°ɣҾǲԼ˵ġĵ˵
ҪɱǲҶϣǱҵҲ׵飬ȥ̽һǲҶһֱס⣬Ҫ棬ͱҪʵӦúҲ£кܶǵʵҲǿһжҲôɵġ˵
磬ǰЩ񲻶һǳ𣿵ǲǶˣһҲһֻҪ׼֣һҲɵġ˵
ǺãǾ׼һ飬֮Ǿȥϴٲҵ⣬鲻ǲ޳֪Ҫ֪ĻҲԲӦģȫһ峤ء


İʮ ץ
ΰɣ峤ʱԴסĵҩ治¸궼࣬Ǿϻ˵ĺãҹݲѽʱϹιΣöˡ
ʵϴ⣬ǲ޳Ҳһỳɵǵͷϡ
ʲôʹ֪ôΪɱǲнȡ峤֮λ˵ɣǾ׼֡һᾡȥ̽ϢһʧСʱһ
ҶҲһ첻һ˵Ļһ뵽һѾ⣬ⱻĻǶԲҾһԵĴҪ֪һĶһʧȥ͵ʧȥУҽᱻȫ
׼뿪Ϊ֪ǲģҪȥúĥһζԸ˵ж
Ǿ׼뿪ʱĽ³һ˿춯ҲҶûзֻһط𣬱Ҷᴥͳһ˿⿴ûʲô춯ȴǾˡ
ˡϾͳ䣬ҶһԼˣæߣܹǷǳ˵õģ˲ͷɳ˰׿⣬ʵͬǿҶ׿׷ȥ
Ҷ׷һ󣬾͸оһֱ׷ϣûб˦෴ԽԽˣɲǺϢҶ׸æӿٶȣȴͬӿٶȣڰ֮ͬһǰ
ҶײûгԼסȥΪһԼסǾ͵Ǳ¶Լݣһ֪Ͼͻȡж
ҶױȳһطȥǾǲڣҺòפǺԶʱҲ׷˹
ҶѸٵ˲סѾǳϤˣ䱾죬ûоļλͣ˵ȴòͣ˿֪ǲڣΪԲһǷǳϤ
ֱӴ˽ȥһϾ;ΧˣӲĸۡϾͳߣסȥ·
ʱҲαװݣҹ֮Լݣסȥ·Ҫ֡
󵨣˸ҴҲĸۡپܡ
붯ֵһŵľĵ̣ǿɲܴģǰ벽ʥߣԶ֮ϣȥԼ
æ룬λѾ׷ȥ뿪ʱҶײŴ˳
ҺԼѽҪȻҪһץסˣҶҲһˣҪ뿪洫˵СҶȻ˾ͽϷɣôˣ
Ҷһǲ֪ԼˣֻǷزȽһ
Ӽ棬ô˴ϢˡҶ׺ٺЦ
СӼȻ֪ˣôΪϷϺͿˣǲǱ׷ɱܵˣ΢΢һЦ
ԭʲô֪ѽҾͲˣӵȷǱһһ׷ġҶ״
ҵ˰ɣʵ
㶼֪ˣһ˵ʲôȷҵˡ
ǺǣϷҲֻǲ²ѣǽˣϷô֪ҵҲˣһ㷢ʲôɣϷ˵ɣҪԼһ˽ˣЩ鲻һܹġ΢΢Ц
Ҷȥϴô죿ڼȻײ֪ˣɴ͸˵˰ɡ
棬ӵȷˣϾͻԲҲȡһжǹϵģԵӻǾҪ档
ôĵӣȻҴҲ⣬ϷϷϾȥǡ
Ҷױȵȥϴʱ֣ڿõˣ˵棬˻ģǲҵӵӣ޷ץǣ᲻ʲôף
޷û֮ϷҲܱ𣬼ʹ޷Ҳֶ֪ͨǵ²˳٣Ͼͽץס󻼡˵
Ҷȴи⣬뻹˵棬⼸֮⣬һҷֵǲڲͽҲЩüĿˡ
ѵѾ֪˭ˣϷϷץˡ˷ܵ˵
棬Ҳֻǻɣû֤ܹ֤ǼϸϵĻҲûа취ݲһ㡣û֤ݵĻºѷڡ
˵ְɣöȦˣϷš
ϲ޳
ô֪ͽģæʵ
һ¾ҶЩ֪λشˣΪ˵ܹ̽ϢģԼû֤ݡ
Ҳֻǲ²⣬⼸ҵӾڲ޳ĸۡαװ¡
ȻˣȥץסαװɲҵӵļϸȻȥץǲ޳˼άǳϾ֪δֻҪץסϸ޳Ѳ˸ϵ
ڴʱҲˣһǰ˵棬ʵǿͲûнץס
֪ˣϾ֪ͨнϷҪȥץҼϸ
λϾȥ֪ͨнˣֶҶ˵ھʹȥץǡ
Ҷæǰ޳ĸۡʱֱӷҶָķ䡣
˵סͬʱнҲ޳ĸۡΧ
һʱ޳ĸۡǵƻͨҶڲ֮ͬæ߿ķţǵʱȴûзһ˵Ӱӡ
ãһˣҶһʧæԲ˵棬һˡ
ҲЩʧϾͶԲ˵סеĳڣϲÿһطκɵĵһץʣнǲ޳ץ
ڴʱ޳ѾľĹˣûеӦнʹȵ¡
ҳϾͳֽ޳£޳ĸҷæڵأŲ˵棬ΪҪץӣӷʲôʾ
˵ĸۡҼϸ˵ﻹأ˵ηˡ
޳һãǼһݿ϶Ǳ¶ˣ̧ͷһҶߣ֪һҶ׸ܣֻûҶô֪ҵˡ
޳Ȼϣæԩ棬ô飬ûҵˣҪеĻͱ𣿡
˵أѵҲ֪Ǽϸ𣿡
޳æװ޹棬Ӹ֪ѽǲķ䣬ǵųϣӵµģ˶֪ѽôҵļϸ


İʮ ʱ
ҲΪûץˣû֤ݣûа취֤Ͳ޳йأҲܾˣǲ棬Ļûܹͺȵ޳ץץǼҼϸ֮󣬾֪ûйϵˡ
Ҷڿ޳Ϸ޳ץԼҲʡˣԼһ˶Ҫ׶ˣǾʱȻһ飬еã⡣
ڶԲ޳ѵҶһ˵æʵСҶַʲôˡ
Ҷ׸æ˺ܿܳǶʱȥ͵Ϯ⣬棬ҪȥԷһ
һҶ׵ĻҲǴһҲû뵽һ㣬æԲн˵ǰ⣬ⰲȫ
нϾʹǰ⣬ҶҲǺ棬ȵ֮ʱȻּӰܳͬʱ˹â
ãŻˡ
нϾͳ˽ȥǽ⣬Ϳ𣬶ſڣһλߣǲҶųϲ񳤴
нһӦǳĻȥͼ˫뷢һͬһ㳯ȥ˲ǻͱѹȥҺ󣬺ܿͱȫϨ
ʱ񳤴ڵϣĿڳһ˺ۣǰˣнҪǰ鿴ƣҡҡͷû£ˣȥץǼɱ֡
н񳤴ƣӦܹ֣æչ˲񳤴Լǰץҵӡ
ڲнͬʱҶ׷ǼҵӣϾ׷˹ȥһ·ųٶȣҲûб˦ΪԷˣκһǻʾ۷塣
ǷŻ֮ˣǸо֮ϾסҳŲҶڲ޳ĸ֮ۡʱ͵Ϯ⣬ֻϧǸո͵Ϯ˲񳤴Ҫʱ򣬲нѾϵˡ
ǲòųϣܽչ⣬ʱȴҶ׸׷ˡ
磬ǸСӣǽɱˡѿҶףϾɱġ
һ˻Ҳͣʵ˲ɱҶ׻ܹģ񳤷һͣҶҲæͣˡ
Ҷ֪ԼǵĶ֣ϾͻԮֻҪӲȻǺ̵ܶʱ䣬ǶԷʵǿܲܿ˵ˡ
СӣεĻҵĺ£ӽɱ㡣
ȻҶףһƴһͷųǻʾ۷弶ʵԶǰҶս磬һֱ̩ͬɽѹһ㣬޴ͳҶ׵ͷ˵һ뽫ҶһƱ
ҶײҴ⣬ʹѪȫûκεıʱѾûκε·ˣѾյȫʹָͬ
ֻҵͷ˿񱩵ѪѪϷͬľڰ֮зµƣҲû뵽Ҷ׾ȻӵǿʵǽӳҪҶһƴ
޴Ѫֱӳľƣ˫ײһ𣬾޴ϾͱײķѣѪͷֱӾʹĵȥˣȴҲû飬ͬһ֮ȻûܽҶôĹƶûܻˡ
ǳ𾪣ѵҶʵѾﵽǻʾ۷岻ɣ⵱Ȼǣ֮ûлҶףΪҶеʵӣܣʵѾﵽļ𣬶෴缱ɣûܷӳˮƽΪʹҲܻɱʵˡ
һŭ֮£ǿˣ˫ڰ֮Ѹٵļƣ⼸ƶҪǰǿ󼸳ɣӵĹƣȫռ䶼Ҷѹ˸о޷ֿ
ʵʵҶ֪һδؾܽӵסǻʾ۷ʵͬСɣ绹һǻʾ۷壬ĸ֡
֮СеҲ֪Ҷ׵ʵֱܺӶ
Ҷ׸æų̷̣ɵգϾͱһԲεİͼҶͼ֮С
ʱĹѾˣҶ׺ȻʹһֵķҲЩԾûе£뷢еĹƶ̣㵵ķ֣еȻȻʧˣͺûзƵģҲǺûκεĶķڰ֮С
ʲô⣬ȻֵܵҵĹҲЩоˣҪٴηʱȻѾ׷
ǿܣҵˡĽе
ҲǺ޵Ҷ׽еСӣһһɱġ
æ뿪Ҷæ׷ȥһǰ漸ΪѾͣºҶ׽ˣҶ׷ɵԽԽλãѾ׵ľˣҶҪһľܲ˵Է
ɱۣ֮䣬Ҷ׷ųԼĵֻ۾һ⼱ٳǰȥȻܳ˲ͱǵ׼ȷĻģֻĲҽһӰ֮£ϧҶ׾뻹Զˣǵɱ֮۵ĵѾʧȥ˺ܴĹƣֻǽˡ
һıУæסһɱʱнҲ׷ǰҶҲЩԾûͣϾͳǰ׷ȥ
Ҷײûм׷ȥΪ֪нˣ׷׷νˣҶ׷˲ң⡣
ʱҲ⣬ڽһŵҩ񳤴ĿУ񳤴ɫϾͺöˣ˿ѸٵĻָ˵úϢһⰲ˱صġ
񳤴ͷ쿴Ҷףæʵǲȥ׷Ǽҵˣ
Ҷ׵ͷȥ׷ǣֻˣڲн׷
СҶҲ̫ˣȻΪҲңʲô飬ǺãϷԸˣҲˣԺǧҪһȥðˡ
Ҷ֪ǵԼİȫæͷ֪ˣԺӻעġ
ֵһζ㼰ʱѣҲǧҪһˣͿ˵޷ˣϷлԲľ޴ף¸м
ڶҵҲһҶͶأһ֮ͽҪٵľ޴ѸֹˣҪǰ˾е㲻ҳϣֻʣ;ˣҶ׾ֵϲҳϵݣй֮޲
Ҷײûô࣬һЦˣѾǲҵˣΪҳǼɱֻûץҲû񡣡


İʮ ׷ɱ
ЦСӣǫ飬ûκεĽ֮ɫϷˣһϷҲ֪ܽʲôΪˣץǼҵӣϷٺúõĽ㡣
ҶæˣѾõ˺ܶ࣬ȴǰɡ
ͷܿ죬н˻ˣǻô죬Ҷ׾֪ǲûץˣΪץǵĻһʱ顣
Ȼнǰ˵棬ûץǼҵӣǸˣܡ
ҡҡͷ㣬Ǽҵʵ˵϶˵ǺǿҲ˵ǲһҵӣҺûжʧԺץǡ
нͷֻϧһξͺҵǵӰˣǿ϶ġ
һ£˱׷ǿ϶ķǳԶңҶȴô룬Ϊ֪˲ûûĻǲ뿪ҵġ
ҶϾǰ˵֪ǵĵϸܹṩѰǵ䡣
һҲǷǳĳԾȻҶر𣬿֪Щ飬ȻҶ˵ˣȻҶ׵Ļ
СҶ֪ǵ𣿡æʵ
Ҷ׵ͷǾҵǬ£ǽܣʵǿϴ磬϶ģѣרǲϿ϶ǱˣΪóǿϴ磬ʵﵽǻʾ۷壬ƺͲнϲ¡
˵ΧĲҵӶĿɿڴû뵽Ҷ֪ôϸû뵽˾Ȼǽܣǿڽŷɥɱ
ܣ˵ϴζԷҵĽܣ˵ǻɱһǻʾ֣ѵǣȻ֪ܣԪ˾Ǳ
Ҷ׵ͷǣһҲ밵ɱλǿߣλϾǵĿ꣬ȻҲǵɱˡ
ҵһǾȵסˣǲнæʵô֪ģ
ȴϾͺȵöʣСҶǲҪһ䣬ĻҪϷ򲻿ˡ
һ˵нϾͲ˵ˣҲ֪Ҷ׾Ƿͬһ㣬ӣܹϵҵˡ
æȻ֪ô࣬˵ʲô취ܹҵǣ
ҶֵոҺǽֹͰ˼غϡ
ʲô罻ˣǲнһʵҲûа취ˣҶ׺ľ̫Զˣһ֣Ҷôȫˡ
һ¾ܶĲҵӶҶ׵ĻˣȻǻʾںǻʾ۷ǸͲһȼϵģһ֣ʲôӲ˵Ҳ֪ˡ
Ҷ׼Ҷ̫ţ͵ͷӵȷˣӱȽˣּԲûȫӽҶӳʱģһʱû취ָˣ͸ṩץǵ
ҶȻ˵ĺƽȴˣҶ֮󣬸Ǹо˼飬ǻʾھȻһǻʾ۷壬ǻʾɵһˣ˭˶š
ǲȴҶ׵ĻΪûиоҶ׻˵ѣҲûбҪ˵ѣֻеѣ뵽Ҷ츳һţЩͺˡ
һιЦСҶСҶҲһ־ǲнǾȻûץǣ㻹ǻˡǺηѽ
нҲǸоɫеѿԼȷҶףҶǸӵСС;ȻѾܹ˾춯ص飬ǳˡ
ʵֻȻһˣǿѾңҪץǾûôˡ
Ҳоģ˭ʱڲңҶȴ˵ǲһˣǬĵ֣˵Ǵûʧֹ˵һǵһʧ֣ɱǲԼʧܵģǲ뿪ңǻҪԼ񣬲ܹȥǬʹǬΪǣȥҲ޹⣬ҿǺܻܿڲңֻӦ±仯ģĲҵӣҲ˵һеģܳΪѰǵ
ԶԶԣСҶ˵̫ˣǿ϶ߵģһжнڲѰңһѰҵ˵ĲҵӣϾץ󡣡
ҶæʵǿҽǲҼλǿһܱ֤һʧ
ͷ˵ǣǽܻɱǿߣǿɲܴˣнͲǻʾ۷һȥ׽ǣܵж
Ͼȥǻʾ۷ҲмʮλϾץĶ飬ڲеĵطѰҽܵ䡣
ڲѰ˵ʱȴȻ˲ңû뿪ҵȵһǱҵҵܽİһεķ䡣
ǰ漸ҵרΪϵܷ䣬ǲҲû֪Žķŵϣ鿴ơ
ȻƲأɱ֮ҲôöԸֱӱ䴩ҺǺǿ˿ھҲǺܴ󣬶Ҳˣæˣ˵ҩ֮ǷŭĽеСӣץ㣬һҪʬΣͷ֮ޡ
ʵ磬Ϊβ뿪ڿ϶ǵѰǵ䣬Զûİȫ
ȴЦûȫĵطΣյĵطǲҵ˿϶Ϊǻң˭뵽ǻǳأƾǣҲǵûɣȥĻһᱻ𷣵ģʹǣǵţܿɴûʧֹһξΪСӣǲʧ֣˶ܣһҪ
ҲǷŭֵ˵磬һὫĶҩϣ
ȻҵҽܣһصĴۣңҲὫеǿɱ⡣
ʵ磬ڸô죿𣿡
翴˿ĵ˵ˣȶܵ˺ˣѰһ֣һһҪɱСӣɱ⡣
˵粻õˣҵûд󰭣ǵѾ¶Ҫͱٴα仯ģҵмǧˣûɼ˵ģҲϳһǸɴ಻һô鷳ҪȥץҵӣʲôģǲҿҲ֪ǲǲҵӣֻҪڵģС


İʮһ յ֮
Ҳǵͷ˵ǣɲҵӻ鷳˵ʶһ鷳ˣƻ᲻Ӱ죬ǵƺٽǱ仯ģɡ
ҡҡͷˣûôأǾǻûɱģﱻ֣ûа취ʱѡ
˵ҲûˣľͶ˵仯ģɣҵʮľӶ࣬ͽʮҵĲҵӣʵҲص̫࣬ǻʾͬԡܿ죬ͱһģҲŲҳϵ·ֱֻһҳϣֵⳤ·ҪˣȻҳϺܶ࣬ٶҲûвҵӶ࣬Ǵһͨӷװ׹ء
ףҳȥɱһҵӾˡ˵
ɣʱǧҪ׶֣һҷеӱɱǾ֪ǻڲңֻҪȥ͵һײҵӵ·Сæ˵
ͷǶܵġ
ָѱ仯ģģ͸ˣֱӶʮ꣬һֳµĲҵӣֻǵģҵ֮иûУϧҼǧӣҪ֪ǲĲҵҲǺ׵顣
Ҿͳȥ̽̽磬û׷ǣʵĻߺߣɱһǿҲûʲô
Ļ˵ֵ꣬ˣǲ׶֣ǻи񣬻ǵȷٶ֡
ͷЦ֪粻׳ֵģúˣȥ
ܣ￴ö磬ȥȥ˵
ѵͷ뿪˲֮أ֮ûԼǴҡڵĳ˲ңΪһҵӴ磬ҹ˭ע⵽
ֻǵʱ͸ое㲻ԾΪ¶ǵƻͨ⣬飬Ȼ˶ˣֻҵڵѰңǸûгңֻڲҵĵѰǡ
ǳĳԾЩҵӾȻ֪ǲڲңѵĴһ룬϶ǸСģ֪ԼһЩܣ϶ҲܲµԼ뿪ңʹµôǵĲ֪֮ѾµģҪҵǸܡ
ȥ֣ǲôץǣʹҡڵߵץĶǰ棬һʼһ֧ųϴĶ飬Ȼʵǿڶֻ࣬Ҫ磬ϾܹϢȥҲǷǳΣյġ
ǵǰҵҲ޷ϳͼ뵽֮УȻû˷ʲô쳣ڵϹʱ򣬲ҵǲҵӣ˭ỳ硣
̽ԵĶһλҵʵʦܣҪȥץҵѽ
ǲҵȴɵ˵ǾڲѰǼɱ֣Ҳô󣬻˲ɡ
æʵô֪ǼɱֶڲңͲˣ
ҵŻعͷһۣǻɣǸоǳĺЦЦûҶ˵ĻɣҶѾ϶Ǽɱ־ͶڲңߵģֻҪǶס·ץǡ
ǸСӣӹȻµûСҲ̫аˣȻϵһҪɱ
ŭһʱͽĵĻһߣæʵҶûгһץҵɱ𣿡
ȥɱҶףǲҵ˵ҶϵȻҲѰңֻһ֧飬Ӧþǵǰ档
һϾǴϲʱɱҶõĻᣬ˭뵽ʱɱˣǷô˶ѡ
˳˶飬ǰȥǲҵӻصһҪȥģûдֱǰһ֧ȥ
ȵֻʱǰҶףʱͼλǻʾһ𣬲صعգҪҸֺúúñҶס
챾ûҶײμץֻҶԼҪΪİȫرԼߵͷңλʵɶڲнǵıڲн֮ϡ
һ֪Լ֣Ҳûĵĸڶĺ棬Ҷ״ŲҵӵѰңȴҲûҵʲôҶҲоеʧ
ʦ˵Ǽһ᲻ڲңҶûа취ֻˣֻҪʲô⣬ģҲÿζǳĴ𸴣ȻʱҪ̣һεȻҲ⡣
СӣôֻԼ뷨ˣո㲻ôڲǰĵ˵ǾڲңҪץǣҿô죿Ц
ô죿˾ˣû˵ڲңֻкܴĿܶѣҲûдҶ׷
ûǾڲңֻҪҵҲô׵飬ȻѾһλ⼸˷ǳƻǶɱ֣˭޷Ԥϣǻǰ˵
ʦ˵ЦǼһôܻҵǰɱҡҶЦ
㻹˵ǰȻ˵
ҶһҲǴһҪͷ鿴æҪˣˣ󲻵ʮ׵ľ룬ϷҲǸողŷ֣Ƕ֮ˣ¾Ȼɱ㣬ɼж˺ѽ
Ҷ׵ʦͱʱڿ˺òãҪھͶץס
ȴܽΧס취ȥ뿪ĻŻǰûг־Ϊɵ͵ʵ߿Ȼ͸ɱˡ
Ҷһ⻰Ͼ˵ҵնʲô⣬ҵЦ
ȴõİ취ҪȥɣϷͲˡ
Ҷ뻹ǣΨһĺð취ֻЩðհˣԼҺĽʱ͵Ϯɡ
ǺãͰİ취ھͽλǿ˵һ
Ҷ׾ͰĻߵǰλǿǰλͿҶףæǹĶЦЦһλͶ˵ҶϣȥʲôطѰң
ҶָŲҵĵӣλҲĻ
ҶȴȻѹ˵ǲҪ˵ҲҪͷҸǣǸɱ־ҵĺ档
λһȻǴһҶѾǣǻͷȥλͻǰĻȥˣûлͷ
Ҷ˵ǰ˵ȥҪһץסˡ


İʮ ý
λҲͷҶ׼˵װ£һ뿪ǲҪԶڸǼһһ뿪ˣϾͻҷʱٳֽ¡
һλϾ͵˵̫ΣˣУԸˣҪԵı㰲ȫ
ҶȴЦҶ潻ˣܱɱɣοǾڸһ֣ϾͽΧӵ𣿡
λԻлģҶȴ˵ھҵָӣϴ뿪
λͿҶ˵ҲֻͬˣǻǷǳģΪֵʵǿһλ;˵ҶԼСģǾҡ
ȥɣһᷢźŵģʱǿҵźžͶ֡
λ;ֻð˵ȥǶź˵ǷֳһȥĵطѰɱ֡
˵ģܿһλ뿪ˣϲ춼ڰæˣĳǰû̶֣ΪҲڹ۲Χ
ֱλʧǰȷȫû֣ЩҵӶǻʾɣĶ֣ûбҪɱҶð߬顣
ʱҶҲͬڹ۲ź磬Ϊɱ֮۵İҶ׺׵ľں淢磬ĿԼҶҲʱ׼֣Ϊ֪ʲôʱ͵ϮԼ
ҲǺСˣҶײʮףûж֣ǼǰȻҪһʧʱڲԶλҲˣʹ룬ҲûаܹȵҶס
ǵʱҶ׾ȻûǶ֣ûеõҶ׵ָʾҲֻǱĳ߿ȥγ˰Χ֮ơ
Ҷײʮ׵ʱҶ͵һͷһ¾׼ֵҲǴһҶ׶Це˵ܵ磬ּˡ
Ǿסһô֪磬ڵģǰȫͬˣһ˾ȣҲϾ˷ӦͬʱҵĵѸٵĽΧм䣬ֻЩҵǲݰ
СӣȻܷҵĴڣֻûҵĶ֣ɡ
粻˷ʱ䣬ܿвҵĸǰֻҶȴЦҲδأһֱ󣬲뿪Ҿ⣬뿪һᣬȻˡ
ɫ䣬ڲ֪һжҶƺõģæΧȥʱҶҲˣΧλ˵λǳɡ
λϾʹ˳ǽ·ˣλ͵ʵǻʾ۷壬Ͳнһϸ£ûʲôġ
ûڲѣԼĵĻڹȻҶ׵ĵˣС̫ɺˣ罫еŭ𶼷йҶ׵ϣҶ״еСӣҪ
ҶȴЦб¾͹ѽҾǰˣǱҶ׸ˣԼҶ׸ˣһθݣȻҶ׸ˣŭգҶ׾ͺӾսҲҪȽ쵰
弱ٳҶ׷ͬʱ˫뷢ǿֱӳһʩչǿʵǿɨҶһ㽫ҵӵȫɨ˳ȥǻʾµĵȫǲݰһˣһЩǻʾǴɵĵҲǿڵأܶ˵Ѫ
ҶȴûбֵʱѾ˷ӦǰһͬʱѪûѪڿеֵ˺ܴһǼʹҲһѪӿ
ʱλѾ֣һһҳΧһ֣͸ûлҶ׹ˣֻȫλͣλʵԲס֮£λ֣޴ոһ֣Ͼʹ·磬ȫǱλѹŴ
ܳΪɱҲ˵ʹȫڱȴûбĺм֮ƾԼǿķ͸߼ƴ
λȴԽսԽ£ǲλͣȻֻˣȴò洫ʱǳͲ涼ǲ࣬Ȼ츳ȲҪһЩûдﵽ벽ʥߵĵزҲͬﵽǻʾ۷塣
ɽѹһλʹǿͼ֮гһɻӰɻӰһ޴ɽ壬ɽѹ֮ʱȻܹ˸оһɽҪ䵽棬ҪĻҲаԲһܹܵ˵ġ
һԷʹǿҲҴ⣬æӳԼһ쳤ǹֱӳǹɲһѾﵽ׸߼ҶѪҪ߼
ͻաгǹͬȻ˲ͱĴ׳˺ܶ࣬ȸֱӴﵽ˼ʮףǹֱӳѹɽ嶥ȥֱﵽɽĵײɽѹ֮Ʋűˡ
˫Ͼڰ֮γ˶ŵ״̬ϷôɽŻɫâԼʮѹȥʱﳤǹǽţѾɫǹӵ˼£ɫǹڰ֮оһ㣬Ǵʱλȴʩѹ˲佫Ǵɽѹɡ
ڿ֧ŵһĳԲˣѾ˻ζĳǹ͸ų˻ζѾЩ֧Ųסļˡ
ۿ޷ֵʱλ͵󣬺Ȼ޷Ϣһǻʾ֣Ҳ޷ˣֻλ͵ʵ൱֮ߣǿǺܿͷ⼸ϢΣգʱǶѾЩˣΪǼΣյϢѾǵ
λΣ֮ʱһӰǼΣյϢϾʧλͶһȻҶվǵ
λͶʱͽҶױУҶȴ˵λǰǷİɣûˣļһͽҺˣǽץסˡ
λһҶû£ҲϲϾͼӴ˶ĹǳԲˣζҪѹڴɽļ
ں棬Ҷ׶Ǻڰ֮е˵ӦþǽܵѰɣɣ֪
ȻӺڰ֮߳һˣѣʱҶܹҲǸоǳ⣬乥˵Ǵﵽ˾˵ĵزǴҲûа취˵ʥ»ûֵܹģǽȻҶ׷ˣҪ֪ҶֻǻʾڵʵѾһ޴Ĵ


İʮ 
СӣôҵģѻǲţССҶףܹ١
Ͳ֪ˣƽĶûʲô𣬲˵İԽʶʶ
Ҷ׵ȻԼһţʦڣֻҪڣʲô书ҶԼڽˣҪ˵Ƕѵİ͵ϮҲ޷
СӣҲòʵҪҵŭ˵
ոҲ˵ڿ̫ѽҶЦ
ȻʱѾȫѹɽѾֻмʮˣʱܽѹ棬ֻҪѹˣǱѹƣûлᷴˡ
ҪϳȣҪȴҪҶףļ٣ûԥмʮٷͬǺҹ֮е΢磬޷Ǽʮľλãֻо΢棬ɷȴҪķ硣
ҶȻҴ⣬ɵԼͶԷİ⣬ҪԼķЩõ֮ûùǷõʱ
ͼһ֣ϾͽҶ׵סˣҶ׵ǰͳһܣҶ״Ľ֮ܡ
ҵӿҶϵĽ֮ܵʱôоô죬ҲҶ룬Ǵеǰǻȥ
ʮȫ˽֮棬ǽħ֮У˲ͱڵأɫ䣬֪ҶһķҲ˵
㳢ħóİһͬİÿİȴ൱ĶֻҪųԲ֮ûκεĵطܹ⣬ųĶ룬ܹ˲ɱ֡
һҶܹԼȴûа취ΧĲҵӣܱλ͡ʱؼʱеĻǾž޴Ӱ죬Ҳս־ͻᷢת
Ҷײħǽ֪֮ܵȴ֪æ˵СӣǼһħܹԲ׷Χ
ôǱΧĵˡҶҲ
㲻Ϊǿϣ֮ǰħҪеʱܹͷš
һѣҶ׹ȻŶֵ׼׼ͷħֻ˲ĻᣬҶ״һɱ֮ۡһ˲˶ѡ
ɱ֮ҶĹֶΣѪĻҪһͷŲУ֮ǰѾѾˡ
Ȼɱ֮ѾųħˣѪֱ֮ļҪʱҪҶֱӶ
Ҷײûиκεʱ䣬ɱ֮۵ͬʱѪѾɱһֱħֻ֣һѵֱҶֱӸϣħѵһ䵽档
ʱҲһ¡֮Ҷ׻ͷһֻɽֱѹ磬ȫѹ棬ûκεķӦ
类ѹѴʱҲһֻ֣ĳǱҶץҶ׷һϵħʧȥֵЦ˵֪ôã̽ô
ѿ类ѹûѵĿܣһʹеҸƴˡ
Ҷ׸оˣѾˣͼѵͻȻðĹâϾһһ㣬âͬǻգΧâеĲҵӷ׷׵أҶҺǷӦʱų˽֮ܣûˡ
ǵȵƬ֮ǹâʧΧѾ˵ĲҵӣмʮҵӱУаһЩҵǻʾɸ֣Ҷ׷ѾȻûʧˡ
ӦþưɣܼİϮ֮УκһҲֻܲȡܵķʽͿԳûߣǰֻ֣һʧȥ˶ϱۣҴҲѹʲôΪˡ
Ҷ׸æǰ鿴ҵӵƣǶѾ˰ϵĶʱܳΣգѵİɲһĶʹ˶İ뷢Ҳܱ֤жֻ֮аʱʱ䡣
ڴʱҲϵˣнϾȥ鿴ҵӵƣ˵ҩַǣȻȫųأȴԻǵȡʱ䡣
ļʱЩʱסʱλѹѾʧȥκεķλѹߡ
лλʦ彫ɱץסǸм֡æλͿ˵ȻΪ峤λ͵ǰֻܳΪΪλ͵ıԶ
лǣҪллҶϣҵɱ֣ϼһҲץҶðսԼն˳֣ץסɱҶϵĹ󡣡
һ˵Ҳ𾪣ҲûǰˣΪѾϰˣҶ벻ģٴĹͣҪҶҲо⡣
ҶһֶˣһǰġæҶЦ˵
ˣһֻǶλǰҪȻҷҲץǣοոջһǻҪץǲС
ͷҶϷģʣµʵǺǿֶˣǻܿץǵģҶȻȥϢʣµǾܴˣҪ˵Ļû취潻
Ҷ֪ԼİȫЦǺðɣҾȻȥϢˣһʣµɱֲױҵģҲҪСģȻʵǺǿȴðҪעⱻ͵Ϯ
ͷҶ׵ǰҲҪķǳҶףΪҶ׿˵һ֮ҡ
ϣϼλǻʾָҶϵߣһñҶϵİȫϾͶԲн˵
ҶæҡͷˣԼܹԼǻȫȥץǼɱְɡ
˭֪ȴЦҶϣڶץסɱ˵İȫΪҪǲҵĸѽֻҪǲңǾͰˣʲôʧĻǿɶˣ㻹ǺúñİȫɣҲǰĵȥ顣
ҶЩЦõĵͷӦˣнϾʹżʵǿĲҳһͬҶ׷סҶ׵ҲԼٲȥĵ͵Ϯˡ
Ҷһ·صԼסнϾվſڶ˵ҶϺúϢǼſڰأԲκܹϢġ


İʮ Ի굤
Ҷ׻ое㲻˼˼òִϣȴԼڣʵе˵ȥҲû취ܾѽǲŵģнĸԸԼ
Ҷֻε˵Ǿ鷳λˣЩⲻȥ
˭֪нȴЦҶϺ˻ǱҶӦǵҲŶԣҪ֪Ҷ϶ǲ˶Ĺף˵ǼϼһﱣҶϣǸҶҲΪѽ
ҵץڼȴûµĽչĵʧӰ٣ֱҲûзǵӰ
Ѱĵ˵ʱĺ֮УѶһֻ첲ֱץ񣬵Ϣ֮е֮ʱУʹ಻
ǽٵһѣҪ˵ץһҲǼΪģһɱ˼λǻʾ۷֣Ҳûгʲô⣬һΣŸոն֣ϴͱץˣǾ޴Ĵ
ΪǸСӣǱֵģҵĸ첲ҲǱϵģ𲻹졣ѷ߷ߵ˵
ʲôˣΪ֮ǰжѵ֪ǵжɣҵĻûʥ¸ûа취ֱ棬ôִģҲǷǳԾԼĻûǳţ벽ʥ߶˹ȥ˵Ҷոͻǻʾĵˡ
磬ҾСйаרԸǵģݷͬСɣҿǻȻȥδá
ĵͷҲֻˣҵʵܺͲԣҴǵǱҪɸǰӪȣĻǽܵǻˡ
æǽܵʹȸʲôǾ˴磬СʬΣҲǳеĶ
ɱ̫ˣҪĥҧгݵ˵
ʲôʱ뿪ң𣿡ʵ
Уڷ̫ĸ첲ֱˣȥױ֣ʹҲϼӰأҿɣ⼸ǾͲҪȥˣúˣ˺˵һ뿪ҡ
ѵͷϾͿʼĸԼˣȻϵĸ첲ԽϣҲԼĶϱ˻ҪϾһ׵顣еǵҩϲѳΪмˣһ첲ԺҲӲ˶ˡ
죬ڲͣѰѵ˵䣬ҶҲȥһ£ϺԤϵһɱ֣Լѱֵģһܵ˾޴Ĵ׳ҶʱȥǸ磬ЩҪ硣
ҶѺηǲҳϲннǰ֮͸ѺηΪִϣ磬ɼҶӳ̶ȣҶһæȥʺãнҲæʵҶϣ˯Ŀɺã
ҶæЦΪҰأ˯Ĳֻ˴ˣһû˯ˡ
нЦʲôϷΪӦõģ첻˯Ϸ˵ǳ£֪Ҷǲ뿴磿
Ҷ׵ͷǣʴûʳʲôûнһЩҵ顣
нȴЩʧҡҡͷҲһӲֱڻһԲҿˣܵҲǰġ
ŶǴȥģ֪вСҶ˵
нЦǵȻˣæץģȻԽȥѾƣΪȫѹƣκεΣգȥɡ
Ҷ׵ͷлˡ˵Ųн´ţҶ߽ȥͿηļϰһˣ·ҲѾ˺бѶµ˺ۡ
ֻЩ˺۶˵ȫˣҲûʲôر̷̬ԶҲûиõİ취
Ҷ׽ʱҲ̧ͷһҶϾǷŭ֣޲óҶףƴӼΪȫѹƣһͨûʲô
Сӣ㻹ӾҲŹġŭĽе
Ҷײû⣬ֻЦôûţԼһҪĻһǸ߿ˣסû֮ǰκ¶Ҫģ㻹ҪԱ
Ҷ⻰˵ЩʣΪҶ׵ͷǶ֮ǵˣҶ׻϶ǲʣҶʵ˼ȴǸ磬ʹûԼҲ£ܷӵĴơ
Сӣе㱾£ҪǲɱңԺһɱġҲҶ׻Źֻ˵Լﻰ
ҶȴҡҡͷԺûôֻ࣬ڣ뼴Ҫ飬㲻˵һЩõĶĻǱɣ˵һЩõĶҲᱻס
ޣ붼룬㻹ûнҾ֪ʲô׳ҵϢˡϾһھܾҶףûκεĻء
ҶȴЦ֪ͷӲҲΪû̷ѣһЩû̷Ҳ֪᲻ᶥס
СӣŻˣΪŻκ̷϶ûЧӲܳҡ
ǺãȻҪǾԿˡҶ׺ٺЦ
û̶ʲô߳ηҲЩƣСӵô£ֻҶԼ֪֪ʲô̷֪˶һӦ÷ǳϤ
ǾҪȥʲôð취翪ڣҶ׳֮󣬶Բн˵ȥ׼һ㶫Ҫд磬нҲ֪Ҷʲô˼Ҳöʣȥˡ
Ҷ׳֮󣬾Ͷ˵ϴûкð취ѽҿɶǿºˡ
Ц飬ʲôϵ˵֮ǰҴкûУΪǰٱ䣬Ҫʲôʲô𣿡
Ҷ׶ֶǷǳ˽ˣæЦϴ֪а취ϴͨǲǴģֻҪ㶯͵ùԹԿڣͽ̽ͽܰɡ
Ҳûк̣͵Ϸ취У˵ϷʲôŰ˵ı̬Ϸֻмŵҩֵҩ˳˱֤Ὺ˵
Ҷϲæʵϴҩʲôѽôô
˵ⵤҩԻ굤ֻҪˣжǿʵҲùԹԵĻش⣬ǴԱ˿һҲ˵ٻ˵òá
ôʦôû˵ֵҩҲûĵҩѽҶæʵ


İʮ ¶
ϷƵҩѵҪ֪ɣ˯ʱϷ򲻿Ի굤Ϸģ֪ó
ҶȴǺȻһЦʦǰǲǾԻ굤ԸѽرŮ
Сٺ˵Ϸ͸Ի굤㽫е鶼һ⻰ͻˣϾͺҶ׷
ʦѽͽǺ㿪Ц˵ǰǲ˭֪أҪǾ˵ˡ
С㻹вϷ򣬹һȥϷ㡣𷢻ˣֱӲҶס
Ҷ׺ٺЦʦ˴ͱˣ̸ҪóԻ굤Ҳøϣ˵ҵܡ
Ҫ굤ѽڵϸҿļͷϷͲƽˡ˵
Ҳ̫˰ɣҪһԻ굤ҪҸͷ顣ҶҲˡ
㲻ͷҾͲ㣬ʦҿͷǲ쾭ˣͷûԻ굤Լǰɡȴˣ
ҶһλǶûа취ˣΧûˣ͸æڵϣǰͿ˸ͷǾ¿ͷʱ򣬻ǱոճĲнˡ
Ҷ׸неҶϣڸôͻȻ¹ˣ
ҶһнˣϾֻ࣬æ˵ڸĸأҸ׵գҲȥף٣ֻͷˡ
нҶ׵Ļ˵ˣ޵ҶһТ˳ˣ㸸׿϶ܸܵġ
ʱҶѾһǧˣнʵ֪ҶûҵҪĶ
Ҷæ˵أȻȥϾͻȥġ
нҲͷηſڣߵʱͷҶǸúӣҶһķȣոˣҶϾͶеϼһҵ㶪ˡ
˭֪ٺЦʲôǲнҲϷģҪеѵĻ㻹ʦ𣿡
ʦҲҪҲգԻ굤ҲҪˣİ취Ժ˭ҲǷ˭ҶҲˣǵһαˣ
СһѽǺǣΪʦûǲнԼģɶѣԻ굤ȥһž͹ˣЧӳٵһʱ䣬һʱʲôʲô֤˵ʵ
ҶĻϾͽһѽ
ЦЦ㡣Ҷ׺Ȼͷһŵҩͨɫɢһ˵ζ֪ζ϶ʲôõζҪȻô˱Իˡ
ҶϾͷηҶ׳ֵʱ򣬲нȥ˵Ҷϣ費Ҫ
Ҷҡҡͷˣһ˾ܸ㶨
нûиŽȥҶǰ籾Ҳе㵣ģҪ˵Ӳͷ٣κӲͷҲԵģЩµĳͷǰҲǺм֮
ǲнûпҶʲôΪŻԼЦСëҪŻ㻹˵㡣
ҶҲ˵ûŻ㣬һŵҩ㳢
ҩʲôҩӲԣ㡣Ͼ͸оҪ̾ߣܹס˲ʲôðʲôҩǾ˵ˣǶԾϵĴݲˡ
£ⵤҩҪֻ˵ʵѣ˵㻹ƮƮء
Ҷ׵ĻǸо£֪һֵҩǿ˵ʵģĵҩ򵽣Ϊ䷽ѣһܹõģû뵽ҶȻС
Ҳʲôҩ
ڲʱˣҶȥֻǳһ㣬ϾͲܶˣͶ޷£Ҷ׽Ի굤ŽȻȥ
ֻҪȴҩЧˣҶһĵȴţƬ̣Ҷ׷ıЩ죬ȻҶɵЦһһĥ͸
СһѾסĻ꣬Ϳˡ˵
Ҷ⻰Ͼ˷ܵߵǰе㲻ţͶ˵ʲôѽ
ЩɵɵĿҶ˵ҽ硣
ҶһȻЧˣʵһҪʲô˭ǵģ
˵ңҪɱ㣬⻹Ҫɱ˲Ҫǿߣòʵܺ׵̲ңǵȻġ
ǵ˭Ҷæʵ
ǵǬеĴ
ǬԲʲôĶʲôʱ׼Ҷʵ
ϣһνǿ֮ϾͻѹеĲҵ̲ҵĿꡣھҲ֪
ҶҲеˣʵǬںδ
ڹȴǵϢش
ԤϵĲ࣬۹һǬĵ̣Ӧ۹׶
Ҷʲô㣿Ҷʵ
һѾҵľӢһ룬һͬİ취ԸңȲҵһ֮ͻὫҺһ̲ȻȥԸ塣
Ǭθ治С뽫۹ƿ嶼Ź｣鱨Ҳ࣬ҶֹԼˡ
֪֪˭
翴˿Ҷ˵ѵ֪ɱµɱ֣ڻݣһĻᱻȫԭ
ǺǣҪҿɲô׵顣ҶЦ
ͬģҶʳһΪɵһ⡣
ȴûκεķӦǹԹԵ˵Ǿڲһ֮С
ںδҶæʵ
ǰεڲڲ޳ĺԺ֮ڡ
ãлˡҶʵֶĲн˵ϣһ¡
нæ߽ηҶ˵ҶҺ¡
ҶЦΪѾйˣѾ˵ɱֵĲ֮ء
ǲںδϷϾǰȥ׽ǡнϲ⣬ҪȥץˣҶȴЦżǻû꣬Ҫʵһˡ
Ҷֶ˵ǲ޳ʲôϵ
ɵɵĴĲҳϣŵֻҪӦϣҵҪǿߣʹӦҵ峤ֻ˵˵ѣǻ˲ңҲὫһɱ
нѾǷŭ֣ƿڴ޳ȻǲҵļϸھҪ峤峤ͷ


İʮ ֮
ҶæЦ𼱱𼱣һһҿȥץɱ֣ǲ޳ѾץˣҲӲ
нҲǣæҲ֪ǲˣھʹȥץǡ
Ҷ׵ͷӦˣ˿磬֪ʲô飬ȴҶĻҶļЦлˣҪʲô㡣
ȻɵɵĵͷӦˣòно˼飬ȵʵҶϣôģϷǷ˾ţ֮û˵һӾȫˣһĸԸˡ
Ҷ׺ٺЦҵˣܸǻǸϽȥץǼɱְɡ
нҲ֪ҶкܶܣͲҶˣæǰȥץˣ޳ĺԺֱӾҵǸصڷ䡣
нæ˽ңǵҵʱȴѾֿһˣҵһͷһڣɱֿ϶ǿˣѸˡ
нæǰȥ׷ϣҶײûȥЩʧ벻ԼǴˣû֮ûаˣ֮󣬵ȴŲнϢͬʱη
ֿʼˣĻȻ뵽ʲôʲôԷ֪޲ԡ
磬֪ǬǱץȡʲôж᲻ǣǶԲҷ
ҶҪһʧǰ׼Ҫ˽Ǭ뷨˵֪ĻɸǰǣͬʱԲҵĹôҾͲ֪ˣǰɱ
ʱȻ˵㶼һЩϻôҪʣ
Ҷе㲻ˣЩѵҪ
ȴȻǣЩȻҲҪȴֱܸӵĺôͲһǵջʲôطϷ֪ǽôɱĶЩǿߣǻõĲƸɲһĶ࣬Ͳ뽫ǵĲƸõ֡
ҶһĻ˵û뵽ô࣬ҶЦлʦָˣһҿɷˡ
ôͽһʦˣƽʱֱӽϼһͷӣʲôģϷҲƽˣϽʰɣ㲻һｫǵĲƸתˡ
ҶҲǣæʵ磬ǽõıﶼʲôط
绹һĴͣʵĻشǽܽеıﶼа֮ңһɽ
Ҷϲæ˵λã˵ԽԽá
ӲһֱߣһԪɽɽ壬Ԫɽɽһʯݳɵɽ£ǾǱصļǺţֻҪЩʯȥҵصİţ棬Ҫ˵ӡУûа취С
ô鷳ҶҲǣ˭Լıضһݱ֤ʵûôӡܹ򿪰𣿡
ҡҡͷǿнĻͻᱬըΪ汻ըҩֻҪǿдĻɽ嶼̮֮һᱻ棬޷ѡ
ѽҶҿǶһ䣬ҪȻȥˣ㲻þͱѹɽˣȻԴȥҪǽȥĻ϶ҪҵעˣҲһ᲻Ӧ綼һ⣬Ҷ׻ǲ뾪ңϾʲƱϣԼܹõҪǣҪҶҵ
ҶЩĵʵǾûİ취𣿡
ǣûбİ취Ƿ˵ӡɣʹǿĶ֣ƷɽҲ̮һ취ǾҪǵѪͬԴ򿪷ֻҪǵѪҺڷ֮ϣǵϢϾͻ򿪷󡣡˵
ԭа취ģҶ׸˵ͷ磬ǸлˣȻȥĲƸѽЩƸҲǴӱ˵ģǵĲƸʱ϶ǽǶɱˣֻĲƸҲһˣ㲻ѹ
ȴ˵СƤѽҪ˼ҵмҵ׶˵£Ҳֻļһ˵ĳ
ҶȴϼһҶû뵽ҪȥǵĲƱ˵һѽ㻹Ҫ˵ʲôԼǸڡ
˵ƿԣ˵СӣϷ㣬ȻһˣϷԺҲˣ㻹ܸ
ҶȴЦҲʲôʦʲôͽҲҪˣߣǵõƱ֮˵ȥҪҩģ㻹ԭˡ
ȴ֮ԱǵǵĲƱ٣ҪҪЩҩģ򲻵ҵЩ϶׼ģ򵽵ġ
ҶҲû磬æ򲻵ҲܰҰɣұǿˣҪЩȻҵˡ
ߺߣҿû̫İգ֮һɡ
ϼһֵɪˣȻôʧ㻹ϣȥҸõģ
ٺ٣ǻΪʱֻһСһΪԸ⽫ˡ
ҶҪ˵ſڴһŲ̧֮ͷһͿн˹ûʲôҵӣȻûץˡ
ϣǲˣҶʵ
нͷܵͦģϷ׷ȥʱѾûӰˣϷ׷аӣû׷Ҳֻûˡ
Ҷ׵ͷҲûйϵҪľ׼öԸңܿǾͻɸǿɱǰǿɲҪˡ
˵һɱǰɱǲҵĵӣнȵʵ
ˣոģʵ˵ˣҲԼΪǬ᲻ɻǸδ֪оҪ峤ҿܻѹҵĲҵ׼Ӧ
нæȥ峤÷̫ллҶˣֻҪڣϷ͸оҾͲκε顣
Ҷ׺ǺһЦ̫ˣֻ˵취ѡ
취ɲ˭õģֻҶϲ뵽Ϸȥ峤ˡ
нϾȥҶ׿ߺ󣬾ַض˵˼ҪȥȡıأҪȡһѪģֻҪС
ȴûκεķӦǸĻҶ״ȡһذףͬʱȡһֻҩƿֱ֮ϻһӣѪŽƿС
ȡѪ֮Ҷ׾Ҫ뿪ȴˣһû
Ҷ׺ʵһʲôû𣿡
ߺߣͲ±ҲڿʱشһʵƱ飬ǲͱ¶𣿡


İʮ ·
ҶԼԴ˵Ǵˣҿѣôܽˣ
ҩЧûа취ȥʹȥҲҪ˷Ѻܳʱ䣬򵥵İ취ǽιȥ˭֪ˡ
ҶͷͰİ취
ֻصǰЦ磬˼ˣҪιȥ֤ܲй¶
Ҷ˵ľһƣʱͻ˹ȥҶȷ֮뿪˷䡣
֮Ҷæ𣺡ǲھȥıأ
ԽԽˣʱὫشߣȥҴк߰ɡ
Ҷ׵ͷ˲峤סʱнڲ㱨Ҷ߽ʱ򣬾Ҳæӭӡ
ҶϣֶˣҪ㣬ǲ翪ڵġǳ˵
Ҳֻ˵С¶ѣûʲôеҪ峤˵һҶ׵
Ŷʲô飿ҪʲôҪľ˵ϷһȫҶϡһֱҪΪҶʲô飬ܲ˼һֱҶûеõʲô
峤ҲҪʲô峤һҪȥһˣҺܿͻġ
ͲнһҶҪ뿪ﶼЩоʧ䣬ΪҶǵѾǷǳҪһζԸң˵ҶҪãڣҲץ磬ܱǰɱҲ֪ʧ
ͻȻҶҪ뿪ЩʧˣҺҶ˵ֻȥһʱ䣬Ƕֺܸˡ
Ҷϣ֪Ҫȥʲôط費ҪʲôϷһȫ֧֡æ
Ҷҡҡͷˣֻе˽ҪѣҪʲôǾһǡ
ɴһ·ȥϷҲһЩҪǲĻҲϷġ˵
ҶȻòҵȥΪȥģŲҵȻ㣬֪ˣȻҪָǣҶ׻ûͲҷʲƱȻ֪ҲδػҪ˵ȥˡ
峤ֻȥһЩ˽¶ѣҪ˻ͣ˵ҲǺܷ㣬ȫ峤ͲõģԼԼǰҾһˣһúõĻˡ
Ҷ˵ҲǿԼİţΪҶԼ飬Ѿ˵˽£ҵӸϲ㣬͸˱Ҷˡ
Ȼ˵ϷͲ˱ˣһҪעⰲȫʲôϻһȫġ
Ҷ׵ͷתһֻǳȥһʱ䣬ԾͲȥˣһܿ
ģһģҲЦ
¸ǡҶ׾Ҫ뿪
ھҪ뿪𣿡ЩԾ
ǵģ㴦ҲҶ˵
ҲֻõͷҶ뿪֮󣬲нæ峤ҶϾ뿪᲻᲻ˡ
ҡҡͷģҶ˵ˣ˵ͻǲõġ
ֻǵȫ⣬ѵֻĲȥҪϷбİȫôнֵ
ȴҡҡͷ̫ãոҶϵĻǲϣģԣЩ鲻ϣ֪ǻǲҪȥĺãҶҶԼܹԼ
ϧˣҶϾǳ֮ǲܹסˣܿͻ̲ңȥ磬ɾĻԻͣڲҴʱ䣬ӦҲǲҷǳ˵飬ϣԺǿ󣬻ǵǲҡǸп˵
ڲͲ˵ʱҶҲסȡһЩ·õϵƷ뿪˲ңһ·ǸԪɽȥ뿪֮һƥΪǾϵ׷籦Ѿ٣ҪȻϵ
һһ·мʱӣܿԪɽԶһȻȴҲ֣Ҷ׼ʱ仹磬ͣһҹӺȿˮϢƬ̡
ߵһΪ¿͵ķݣһСæǰкҶ׽ƥȻ뷹ݣҵһĽ¡
ܿСǰʺҶ׵˼СˣһСƣȵ֮Ҷ׻ܣĿ˳һЩ֮ͨ⣬֣߳ʹУҲ鵤¡
罫ز︽ȻǷǳİȫ֮ͨ⣬Ҳûʲô˻ɣҲԼȥѰһЩ㡣
ܿľƲ˾ѾˣҶҪӣȻһеСͼþƺò
ֻǺͨĻھƹƽĻҶȴķǳ⣬Ϊ˵֮˲ͨˣһλʵǿߡ
Ҷײĳ¥ϿȥΪǴ¥Ϸģ̧ͷһʱǴһȻѡ
ʱҶ׵ϷѷӰҶѸٵĽܿѵߣԼܿ
ڵĵطһҲģ벻ȻҲǲ֪ǲȡ߱صġ
ҶЩģԼǣȿǵҪΪ˱ҶϾкСˣԼѸ뿪ݣɲҪߣҪһˡ
ٴν뷹ݵʱѾһʮӣģҲ˺ܴı仯Ҷ׵ı仯֮ҪĵĻû֮ӵĸû˭ܿó
Ҷ׽뷹ݣСͲʶµĿкҶ׾͵ǸղǸ˵ѣԭλϼԺȣСҲû˵ʲôѾǮˡ
Ҷױ߳Աעں˵ʲôϧҶĲǺϾͶԵС˵ҵķ϶¥ȥҪȥԡ
ǵСȻûлʲô˵æﷹ͵˶¥Ҷ¥֮һ۾ͿѺģʱѸ첲ѾϣҲָĲˡ
ҶײûоǺԶֻǸһӵӣǵĶȥҲϲҶ׵ʵģ
С˷֮뿪ˣʱѺҲע⵽ҶףʱҶѾʵĲˣֻ鵤£ʵǺƽģѶȻЩҶײûʲôٶûпʲô쳣
Ҷ׻װżԺȣʱ˵磬ǲǴҪȳ磬ܲôڲɣ
ľ˵ҲҪ̫ˣȴ粻ô׵飬ôĸ֣ȥҲֻǡ
˵ҪȵʲôʱȻѾϢųȥˣҲҪü죬´ȲǸʱ򡣡


İʮ м
Ҳҡҡͷûİ취ѾΣڵϦϣɳǰһҲô£ܿͻġ
˵ϣ˰ɣûĻҾҪȥҾȴ磬ôҲҪ
Ǿ͵ɣ󿴿˵ĵ
ҶԭǬȡصģԼû٣ʱѺȻС˵磬ıذȫ᲻ᱻ˷֣
ĵѵ㻳ɴ˵ȥİɣֻ֪һҪҲΪ˱صİȫʲôġ
ȻǵĻͼǶһ˸Ҷ׳ǿȫܹԭһصģҲԼıΣա
뵽Ҷ׺Ȼһ뷨ԼҪôȥұˣһȥұأпܻᱻǷ֣Լǵȵʲôֻʲôʱ
ȻҲЩðգҶκ鶼ûвðյ飬ѾͿǻʲôµж
Ҷһ߳žƲһ߼ֵܵĻϾһЩͨĻȻҲЩϵûʲôôҶ׳Ժ֮Ҳû£¥кСԼ׼һ䷿䣬Ҫĵ˵١
Ҷ׽뵽Լķ䣬ͬʱҲע⵽ѵ˵ķĶ棬м仹һʱѾʱ֣ûϢǹ۲һһ
ΪʱҵǰѵѾϢųȥˣǬΪˣ϶ҪһĸֿҪȽܸӵǿҲ֪һԼܲܰҶһ١
һûκε쳣ҲһЩͨİգѺҲû뿪ݣһֱڿͷϢҪôԷҶײûдǣʱֵĻڵʵƻܱ֤ȡʤΪԷǻʾɸ֣һǰ֣Ҳܿ϶Լܹռˡ
һ֣Ǿͽİȫң̽Ǭµ£ȴţǬǰ
һȥˣҶҲһԷʱȻ¥ݿѶˣҶ׾װûһҪ·Ǿڴʱ˺ȻϿȥ֮һɻĹâ
Ҷ׺ȻԼȻӣ·ȴǺͲǸʱ࣬ȻѾǴĲҳϷΣǽϵһ˫Ьȴǲҵӵġ
ѵԼЬӣ쳣ҶȻԾװûһҪߣҪʱȴȻеվס
ҶһԷԼ˵϶¶ˣװʲô֪ӻعͷЦڸ˵𣿡
ȴһ׶Ҷ׺ݺݵ˵ʲôطˣʲô֣
Ҷ׺ٺһЦֻһͨİѽڲԶԼׯѵʶң
ȴȻȵƭ˭أϴ·Ҳǰյ·ϵЬӸǣ˵㵽˭ĻҲˡ
Ҷ׿ı飬֪ѾɵԼˣȻûпԼ˭ϵ·ЬӻǱ¶ˡ
λС磬Һزʶĵ˺ûʲôϵɣΪҪסҡҶ׻Լݡ
Ҳǲˡ˲̧𣬾Ҫ֣ʱҶȴȻеúúС˵ľˣ벻Ҫ֡
ֹͣ˶ȵ˵ɣ㵽ʲôˣ
µȷʲôԼׯˣֻһҽС˶ѣ·Ǵ·ģ˫ЬӣҲǴһӵģҶ֪ǵݣúһС˹ⲻȥɣʵǿҪɱ׾ٵ飬顣
Ҷױһλ˵ĵˮ©ٴο˿ҲЩĻˣΪҶ׿鵤ʵһС˵ʵϵ·ЬҲĻܹӦϣǲҵˣôɳһСҪǷǣԷҪ֪ѵѾҶˡ
뵽ҲҶ׷ϻˣͶȵԺӶԶ㣬򲻿ˡ
ҶͷæܺƵľ뿪ˣ뿪֮Ѷ˵ҲΪǲҵˣӲǡ
ȴǿ˿ҶףȻ˵ܸое죬Ҳ֪ʲô
磬ѵҲʲôԣǺð죬СҸˡ˵
ҡͷɣҲֻһָоûзʲôҲҵĴˣڲʲô飬ⱻҵ˷֣ҲǺԶϢҲᴫĺܿģǲҪˣһ鵤Сûʲô
Ҳǵͷ˽˷䣬ǽ뷿֮Ҷȴϴˣո㱻ϳҺӦ죬Ͼͱһ˵ǣԼı֣ҶҲԼˡ
벻ô仰Ͱˣתˡ
Сӻˣʲô£ȫǿɹƭõĲѧרѧЩģǸΪʦѽ
ҶϾͷбոô취ңҪӷӦ죬ͱˣǴǻۣ𣿡
ǻأ˵Ҳ죬ϷǷˣ㳶ЩСץҵĸ𣿡ʵ
ѵʲôԵҾ뿴Ǭɳʲôĸǰһο϶ǽܲ
Ҳǵͷ㵨ӲСûУҪǷǣô죿
ô죿Ͻȥ߲ң׼Ҷ״
ƱҪˣһ⼸һｫǲƱûתƵطأ
ҲҪȻȥ߲ˣĻҵﲻ̤ʵƱС£ԺеǻᣬҪǬ˶Բչ˱ǿɲ뿴ġ
ǴȲˣϣ֪ͼ
ҶЦҿûҪǱʲôĻҲôʵĲƱ
˵ʱȴиˡ
Ҷ׸æͷһͿſԶҴҸˣǾ뻹Ҫа׾롣
ϴȷǸ֣Ҷ׻ЩţϾԼܿȴЦΪϷһϷĲ̽ǧ׶֪ǵʵ
ոôʱ˵ⲻϹ˵𣿡ҶϾץסİѱ
СһΪϷƭ㲻ɣϷֻڸող˵Ϊڼ׵ʱ򻹲ȷǳˣ·ͨܶĵطǲϷǲǶһ١
һ˵ҶҲоеʱǼѾ˷ݣͬǷ糾ͣ˺ܶ·һ㡣


İʮ Ҷ
СϾӭȥλ͹٣Էסꣿ
Ϊ׵һλû˵Աߵһλӵǣȥ׼
СҲˣһ⼸λ糾ͣرҲҶʣϾȥ׼Ʋ˶õ㣬֪Щ͹٣ֻҪõġ
⼸˽뷹ݵʱҶҲעǵӣΪ׵һͷᣬģǱ뺷һ˲ǰ֮򽻵Աһλ޳һ£ɫͺƽˣͨûʲô𣬸ո˵ߵһλȴ֣ģͬ˲ֱӡ
Ҷ׸̽ǵʵӱ⼸ʵǻʾСɣҶ׺ܿ̽ʵһǻʾ۷壬ȻҲ̫ҡǺѳĸ֣һ֣ض˵ע⡣
ڴʱ¥ϵѵҲǣѺϾ¥ӭӣЦݵ˵λ磬﹧ʱˡ
Ϊ״û˵ֻǵͷĸæ˵뼸λҷһۡ
Ӿ͸¥ˣҶһˣҲ¥ǻЩʱ䣬ⱻǷ֡
⼸˽뷿֮ҶŽԼķ䣬ǵķһͷҶҪǵĻѣǵǵĸڣҶײʲôˣ΢ǽһ¾֪мǸͷûˣ߳Լ䣬ĵǱ뵽˸ڡ
Ƚڷ䣬Ͻ˺ķǽ֮ϣ˵ʲô̽Բ⡣
СӣҪ𣿻Ҫǽ͵̽Ҳ̫˰ɡ˵
Ҷæ˻ոϰߵ㲻ͬҲĺ
Ҷ׾洫ĵλ磬һ·ˣѽ
Ǽһ˵׻ˣ˵Ĵ类ץˣ𣿡
æǣһλҪ鷳λȣܹȳҴ磬ǽܸм
ÿˣϷһҲǷķԸǰǵģҲĵɽܹǵİΣȳһεĵһѡ
Ǿ̫ллˣߵĺˣԺǽԸϵķԸæ
ϷɲҵǽҲʵǿϷɲҶʲôָָ㣬ϷҲˣϷһ㲻ףǵĴʵҲﵽһĸ߶ôᱻץġ
ĺܲĵ˵˻˵ѽ˵
ľͽ̶ϸĺ˵һ飬˵ҲƬ̹ˣȴǺȵССһëӣȻвҵļƻ̫޷ˣС˵ôȻηǵ٣ܻ񡣡
ϣĸƭ㣬˵ȥԼŵģֵȷʵҲǴˣû뵽һʮСһܻǵĺ£ԻһҪעһʲôƻˡ
ΪϷһһСӶԸˣһҪǳ£û뵽ҪϷȳֻǵһ飬ϷҪȥɱҼλǿߣ峤
ϵĻĺǳԾҲøڵҶͬԾϼһȽܵθҪܶ࣬Ŀ꣬ʵºͲˡ
ϴϼһʵжǿѽȻҴ峤⡣ҶҲǲʵ
ʵǰ벽ʥҲǲԶˣֻﱻס츳Ѿͻư벽ʥߣֻǻʾˡ
ҲţˣһǬȻɳ˸֣ҺѶԸˡҶ׵
˵ģѾ˵һС̥ˣʦҲǸоѽ
ң˭С̥С̥㲻С̥ʦ𣿡Ҷ˵겻𣬼ȥ
ϵȻܺˣһϳ֣һˮɣԸϵĵǲ
͸߰ɣһҲᣬҪ֣˾磬ǲ޳ҲҪһȳ
޳ҲҪȳϼһһôûУҪ¶ˣǴҲᱻץΪʲôҪ
Ͳˣ˼Ҫ֪ƾʵҵĻҲǺѵ飬ĻͻԲ˳ϵҪһ˸Ƕ˾ǲ޳ʱǿ˵ѲңɱеĲҸ֣һҼȿԵõңֲñָָ㣬ȫ
Ȼ㣬ôܣʵļ˵
ǣ뷨ܹģ˵ҲˣΣܲս
æ˵µҲõĲˣֻСܵһֻ첲ûȫԭСóǰǴ򶷣ӰҲǺܴȫ԰һԸҡ
ǾͺãϢƬ̣׼ǰҡ˵
һҲҪǱ𣿡æʵ
ˣһǾڲҸǱңϾڲһеΣգǸʱ׼ж
ãĺãȥС׼Ʋˣ漸λӷ硣
˵æţҶ׾һŲ֮ڷ䣬ԼǲϾͽϢ߲ҡ
ϴ˵Ȼȥ߲ˣǵȥ˵Ҷһʱòˡ
ҿ㲻ôżȥǵıظŪ˵ҵ˲˵ҪڲҸҲҪһʱ䣬ͿȥԪɽŪ֣ٷȥңҲˡ
Ҷ׵ͷ˵еھҪˣˡ
͸ϽȥɣҲ֪ǴŵˣĶҪȥŪ˵˵
ҶĻæţԼ䣬ʰһ£׼¥ո¥ʱ¥ģҶ׻ǵûһ¥ȴǿһۣҲûʲô˲
ҶͣĸԪɽܿ͵ԪɽĽ£ɽȻǺܸߣȴҲǵƶͣһȥܽҲǾѡˡ
Ҷײɽһǧң˵ɽ֮ϣͿʼѰ˵ʯѣǺźܺңʯѾǰ治׵ľ룬һЩٽصʮʯͷۻҶߵʯѵǰ沢ûʲر֮Ϣȴ֪бء
Ҷ׿˿Χȷû˷֮󣬾ͿʼЩʯѣʯѺܿͱϣȻ¶һʯţʯҲǺأҪǲĻѱ֣ʯ棬Ȼһӡ˵ķӡɡ


İٰʮ ħ
Ҷ֪ҪӡҪѪȡƿѪ棬ȻǵӡһɫĹâ˲ʯǰͳһͼǳͼǵʯſʼĿ
ǴʯˣҶϲʯȫ򿪣æ˽ȥҶ״ʯŵͬʱڿջĺֵϼλǺȻоһһɲϢ֣ļͬʱеá
ΪǷԼı֮ű򿪣ȻǸҶ״ʯŵķȴûҶһҪ飬ǾֻҪʯϵķӡ򿪵Ļ˶ӦõΪʲôҶ׸ոմʯţͱĵ˷ֵԭ
ĵıͻöϺǲ⣬æʵôˣʲô𣿡
ĺȴҡͷûû£ǿܺʹһЩӦηһ࣬Ǿ͸оõˡ
ԭûйϵϷܿͻὫȳġϲûлǡ
ĺ֮˵ΪҲҽԼı˵Ļ¾ǶҲᶯģǿɾԲһСĲƸ
ľͶʹ˸ɫȻ˵ϣЩѹͲˣԣѾλ׼ˣȸˡ
ϵͷֵ֪ȥɣҲҪ̫ѹˣɷɲ
ĺͷ˳֮Ͼת뿪˶¥ֱȥ
һ·Ͻʵ磬ǵı֮ôᱻ򿪣ѵǱˣ
Ҳһɻ˵ѵǲҵˣǲҵˣǿ϶Ǵ˵ģǴ粻ѽǲңҲǱˣǴʯҲҪ˵ӡУ⵽ô£
Ҳ㲻״ˣæȥ˾֪ˣҵҪ˭ҴǱص⡣
ǷɱԪɽʱֵһ¥ʱϴαѯʵǸ¥ѵǵܡ
һֱ;һе죬˵ʲôҪĻһֽˡ
ٶȸԪɽʱҶɽ֮ߣû߼ʮףͿǰһҫ۵ĹâֹâǽӰĹâһ񷢳Ĺâ
Ҷ׷Լǰ˺ܶܶǶѳһһѣҶ۾ô࣬ҶҲǵһμôŹһ£ҲҪмǧöܹ֮࣬ȵһļеĻ
ҵģҵģҶ˷֣ܵѵǰ棬ץһȴǼǧöʲô㿴ʱ֪ʲôĲƸ
ǶҶ׻ǺԶ飬˵˵ҿûԼܵõܵõôѾܸˣһ¿ԽҶҵַչ׳ˡ
СӱֻŸˣûбʲôѵ
ҶæһˣͿұмСӣæ߹ȥ⼸ɢһɹζԲһľͷ죬Ҳ֪ʲôæеһӴ򿪣Ϳһᣬó򿪣Ȼ͸оһǿò׵ֵסһڻлζӭƮ
ô£ôһܶҶǳԾЦ벻ﻹܵõıַˡ
Ҷȴ˵һʲôĵطѵʲô
ȴЦ֪ˣһħһλʥ򾳽ǿƶɵıܹʥ߼ʵﵽʥ򾳵ĻԻʥ򾳵ǿߣ˵
Թԣôѽ벻ܾȻܵõıǴŪģôıȻϣǷҪⱦĻǲиǵĶ֣ҶҲһĸп
ȴЦΪħ˭ʩչ𣿾㣬Ҳûа취ʩչ˵ˣʹǰ벽ʥߣʥ߼ĸ֣Ҳûа취ħΪβϵԭΪǸûа취ʩչħҴֻǴΣգǿ֪ıǻ˯İ𣿡
ԭòѽҶһˣϾֱĻˣҲû취ħҶæʵħôôѣҪò˵ĻǵΪֽƳ
Ϊ˭𣿵ߵȻãֻΪ˷ֹħ䵽˵ħϼһЩӡưˣҪĻҪȴħϵķӡƣĻҲֻܵˡ
ԭϧҲûа취ˣõĶ̫˷ˣһǴȥĺã˵ʲôʱܴأʱҾ첻µزˡҶ˷ܵ˵
ĵƾ㣬һҲħˣħϵĽ൱ĸһܹ򿪣ʹʥ򼶵ǿߣҲ͸˵ˡЦҶһ˵
򲻿ˣ˾ǣҲܻزٵɡҶײ˵
֪õĶȻˣһܼӣͲϷܴܲ򿪣Ȼ˵
ѵܴ򿪣ô˵ѽȻܴҾ͸ҪˣԺ޵ˡҶ׸˵Ҫû뵽õôջ
СҲҪ˵̫磬ϷȻԴ򿪣ǾƾʵܷħһСħһͷѡ
ҶæʵжֻܲڵʵɣĻڸûòˡ
ǵڣڵʵȫʩչĻҲӦܷħܰ벽ʥµĶӦûʲôɡ
ô㻹˵ûжѾҵˣǾ˵벽ʥ֮¶ҵĶˣҶ׸˵˵
ȻҲǣҪȻǰ벽ʥս޲ʤˣħڿʼ׶ÿֻʩչһΣһ֮ҪʱܼʩչҪһεʩչ֮𵽱ɱãĻҪȵʱ֮ãȻһεʩչֻҪ̫©ܽ벽ʥµĶֻˡܵ
ٺ٣ԭƵģһҲ͹ˣܹ֤Լʦڿɲ԰ҴħĽѽҲÿж


İٰʮһ ͨ
ΪħҪܴˣҪħϷҲҪһʱ䣬ͱˣϷʲôʱˣ˵ɡ
Ҷһ⻰æЦͽҲʲôʱпվʹɣͽȽˡ
ҶæħԼɽ䣬æȥڶСӣһͿһС棬Сͬһ֣ء
ʲôҶ׽Сȡ˳ƣдм֣ͨơ
ԹԣֹֺͣѾܰˣӦþһˣҶæʵʦͨʲô𣿡
һ׻ʽмƷ൱ʥ߼ǻʾͬǺѶѣһɵʵɡ
ʽмƷʥ߼Ҷһϲ벻ܵõһƷˣֻƷôѣǻʾһɵʵ
ǽôûҪܽʥ߼ƷɹĻҲǲֵܹģҶʵ
Ϸող˵ǻʾʵƷѣ෢ӳһɵʵ統ֵʱùƷֻֻǸոһƤëѣҹõƷҲûж೤ʱ䣬ҲûеõʲôôǺãûĻҲûжô
ǿɲ˵õĶóȥ϶ǮҶ׷
˵ܲܲǮѽ۾ֻʣǮ𣿸㣬ǿǰҪ˵񣬾ûãǶĵľֻǿͼƷҩЩܹǳΪǿߵķ
ӲǻԺ㵱ʵǵҲὫǮġҶ׺ٺЦ
ﵽΪʦʵҲ֪Ҫȵʲôʱˣ㻹ǸϿ콫ƷɣѾҪϹˡ
Ҷһ⻰Ҳһæʵѵ˷ҽˡ
ӦʯŵʱѾĶ˷ˣӡ棬ʯžͻᴥǵ꣬Ȼͻᱻ֡
ԭҪϽЩȫҶϾæǧöͳͳŽԼɽ䣬ͬҲУһЩѻɽĳҶҲȫջȥҶô̰ҲЩȥˣ˵СҲ̫̰˰ɣҲҪȥڵĳ㻹붼ȥ𣿡
ҶȴٺЦЩûʲôǴҵҶ̻ĻǱˣܽҶұɸ̵ġ
Ҷ˵ҲֻҡͷҺҶϵɽкܴĿռ䣬ڵĳҲȫܷŵ£ֻҪһЩʱѡ
Ҷ׽еĳ𶼷ɽ֮󣬾е۵Ĵˣ˷ܵ˵벻Ҷ׻Ǯֳʱ򡣡
ߣѾ쵽ɽˡѵ
Ҷ׸æպñ뿪ɽʱϾͳɽȥȴҪĻʹԭ·ذɡ
Ҷײ飬æͷͳһܣһȻûд·ȴҲһС·ɽҶͣĳȥ
ո뿪ûã˾͸ϵɽһɽѾ򿪣ﶼһæ굽ȥûһɽĲƱϴһյʱǲ˹ȥѸƿڴ˭ҪƤ
æ׷ܲ˶Զ
ĶָæܳɽҶɽС·Ͼ׷ȥֻϧǵʵҪ׷ҶѾǳˣҶ׸ϵɽ£ϾϿһ·Ҹȥ
ǿջʱصسջ˿ǬĸֲûгУҲûͣΪѾûͣĻˣѶ˺ܿͻ
һ·񱼣Ҷ׺ܿ͵˲ңԤϵĻҪһЩҵʱ򣬲Ͼ峤ͨнѾӭˡ
ҶϣˣϷΪûа취ϻأȥϢϢнæҶ׽ңҰȥ׼ˣҶȴæżҪҪȥ档
н⻰æʵҶϣǲʲôµ
Ҷ׵ͷǵģɳˣҲżŻȥ
нæҶһȥнûнȥſڣֻҶһ˽ȥн֪ҶЩ滹Ǳܵģûиҽķ䡣
淿ʱ򣬲ҲڵЦ˵ȥˣϷΪҪ뿪ˣûôͻˡ
ҶæӻҪ鱨
ʲôҪ鱨˵ǲǹҵϢҲǷǳĳԾæʵ
ǣһεӳȥ֮żȻ֮Ѷˣûг֣ΪڵǬĸ֣Ȼǳˣʵǻʾ۷ĸ֣һǬµĳϣʵǳǿҪȳͲ޳һҪ׼
벻Ǭô͵ȲˣãֻҪϷҪȫ£һֶˣϷһҲżȻİɣһԤϣȻҪ˵Ϸ׾ˡЦ
ҶҲû˵ʲôܲ˵Լȥȡ˽ܵĲƱҶֽϢ˲죬ټ˲н÷
Ҷ׻صԼסȻóõıˣóħϾͶ˵ʦʱ䣬ͰҽħϵĽƽ⿪ɡ
ȴϷʱ䣬⿪ħǳķ֮һ׵飬Ϸ׼˵ɡ
Ҷ˵͵ϼһҪˣһǬɳĿǻʾ۷֣峤ɱĶҪǱϵĻлϽħˣҪȻ㶼ס
Свң㲻вұ𣿻Щҵĵӡ
ҵܱҾͺˣһҪ㣬͹ˣ㻹ǰæİҽħŪɡ
ðɺðɣ˭ʦţû˵ʱʦȻ㽫ħϵĽƽ⿪˶ӣױ˷֣㻹ǽɡε˵
ҶһӦˣ˵æħȡͨ򿪣Ϳиʽÿһʽ涼ǻ֣һӰʩչһĿȻҶھͨơ
ʦ˵ͨƵĻʲô̶ȣܷͨƼʵҶȤʵ


İٰʮ Ϊǿ
ȴ֮Աǵ˵㻹㣬һʵѾܲˣҲ˵ҪСһı죬鼸ǿеϷ㶼򵽵ˣȻҲΪϷָзҪǿʵϷ治˵
ǵʱĻһҪúʲô̶ȡҶ׼˵
㻹ȥԸҵĵӰɣϳкܶ౦ûжǺ㶼ûһ֮Ҹطúõ⼸˷ˡ
Ҷ׵ͷ˵ĵǣֻһҲ֪Ҫ೤ʱ䣬ϣܾĽ⼸ҵĸְɡ
Ҷ׻صҵʱѶҲһ·׷˿ջ˿ջ֮Ǿûǰˣֱջĵһ¾ѰǸոǸˡ
ջǶûҵϾˣǿ϶ɵģֻû뵽ǣ˲ǱˣҶס
ǸӦαװģǲҵĸ֣Ӵе֪Ǳصܣֻǿϧûϳóˡĺڵ˵
æ᲻ǸСӸɵģܸойаûɲ˵飬ѵǱסϣϢġ
ҲͷпܾȥңһҪҵСӣϵıȫû
ɶСӣֻǵ飬ھɱѷ߷ߵ˵
˵ʱ¥ϵȴʵʲôǲˣ
ȻҽϣæЦǣֻǿΧûпɵˣûзʲô֮ˡ
ԭǾɣǻҪЩϸҪ˵
ѵҲֻ¥ϼƽ̸ȴԼЩƱǿôĻۣмǾķڶСӸ͵ˣǲ
ңҶڷԼıſڴһҵӵҶϣ峤롣
Ҷ峤æԼıæǰʱ򣬾ͼҪĳ϶ˣдҪˡ
ҶϣҶ׵ʱˣæ涼ǲҶĸֻ֣внͲ񳤴ʸҶҲ뵽棬Ȼ峤ӳ̶ȡ
ҶҲûп˲н£ʱ˵Ҫ̣ոѾ֪ҵϢԾҪΪǿ֪Ҷϵ˼Σ
Ҷһе㲻ףæʵ峤ʲô˼Ҫȶ𣿡
ͷṩϢǼҵڻڿջǽжĻͿԽŰΧʱܲץǾͿǵıˣҶϣ취Σ
ҶҲͷĻֱӵҵĹˣǻûз֮ǰܴݻǣ˵õİ취ˡ
ҶæµȻ޳취֪ǼҵʵȺºѱܻһҪжĻҵĸҪȫץˡ
æЦϷ׼ˣһϷԴǿȥץҵӣҵ˾ǿѵܱǲеĸǿϷаսȫ¡
峤˵ҶҲûʲô˵ˣ͵ʱҾ͸ǵ򵼰ɣȥץҵˡ
ȴҡͷһҶϾͲóˣջǲҲǳϤҶϴ·ˣҶϾڲҵȺϢɡ
ҶһҪЩʧ˵ҿһȥɣ˵ܰæ
ȴǺܼ˵ϷɲҴӦ㣬Ϸ򣬲ҶǰȥҲΪҶϵİȫ룬ϾһζԸҵĸ֣ͬѰҶϻڼУǺܿͻ
Ҷ׼涼ˣҪǻȥĻе˵ȥˣԼɴڲҺúõˣѾӦҪϽħ򿪣ԼҲͲҪȥˡ
Ҷ׾͵ͷǺðɣҾڼǵĺϢɣϣ쿪ʤ
һ쿪ʤģΪҶڡ峤Ц
ҶױЦĻЩ˼ֻεЦˡ
⣬Ͱ֣һγĿɶǲҵĶ֣н񳤴Լǰʮĸȫ˵ǾӢûʲôˣҶе㵣ģҵ˽Ͽ϶ڿջôҡ
ʱ㣬ﵽջҪʱӣ˻ƻʱ֣峤׼һγ˸֮⣬ûдκεĲҵӣΪһҪϵһע⣬ܹҲʮˣʮȴǲҵľӢǲĸȫˡ
Ҷ׿ǳܸое㲻е㲻ƵģΪҲԼˣ˼ţҲûе£峤֮ͷԼסúõĵҹĻ٣Լħ
ǵϣҶȲóħߴ򿪣ߵҲûа취ֻ׼ħĽơ
ȴЩӣǽԼҶ׵֮зɳڷһ͸̬Ҷ˵ħҪ򿪲ףҪһһƿĽƣĽһеķģԱҪÿһԶҪ⿪Ҫ⿪ǽԵĽơ
˵Ҷ׵ϷϵȻҪȡϷҪȡԵһϳ̶ȣԵĽ֮С
Ҷ׸æʵ᲻ҵʲôӰ죿
ȴҲ̫Сɣȥ͵˼ҵıôûôСϷֻȡ֮еһжӰ죬ҪĲֲǴȡҪϵϽħĽ֮Уܹ򿪣򲻿ĻҲǰ״ǽϵȡˣҲûá
ҪСĵ㣬ҪǴ򲻿ˣҿɲ뱻ĸȡеǸʱҲ군ˡҶæ
㻹벻ħˣ򿪵ĻͲҪôķϻԹԵվ𶯣ϷҪȡˡ
һѵ⣬ҶҲ˵ˣԹԵվжͼִֻҶ׵ֱ֮ϳһ˿ȴǳֽɫĹâȻһֵԵǽһСɽԵȡ֮󣬾֮ձһϸϸĽɫߣħĻ֮С


İٰʮ ҵķ
ȻǷǳĿ죬ħ֮ȴûϾЧǿʼĵȴҶ׿ŽħûκεĶҲʧһ㣬Ҷ벻ʧ˰ɣҪʧܵĻҪȡˣȻ˵ûʲôϵ
ֱƬ֮Ҷ׷ħһı仯һ仨͵ͬ޵Ļһ㣬ͷһѾˣҪ򿪵ڶˡ
ǲҪȡڶҶæʵ
ȻˣѵǴϷȡɣҪǲԸĻˣϷֵСߵ
ʦҵȻ˼ˣȡɣҪȡپȡˡҶ״󷽵˵
ٺ٣֪С˵ħ򿪵ʱǻʾ۷ֶˣ㻹᲻
Ҷ׸æ׼һδȡһһεȴɫģҶϵľ
Ҷ׶Ҳ˽⣬ɫľԣľͬ뵽ħһ仨֮УǾƬ̵ĹǶ仨ٴα֤ڶƱˡ
žǵˮɫֱӷ룬ܿƱ򿪣ʱħѾֳľͬϵʻһĵ͵ֱ𱻷ħǶ˳Ĵ˽ƣһ򿪽֮ħȻǻ֮ʹâ䣬ǳĺÿͬʱһɹŨħɢ֣ϲŻӵе
ħѾȫˣھͿԿˣҪȽ֮ħ֮ڣĻħıˡѵ
ҶæķԸԼһ֮Ѹٵķ뵽˻֮Уǻеħ˲⣬Ͼָֻƽ
һħıˣֻҪ֮ͿԽħ򿪣ͷųǿòҪˣħһ򿪵һΣҪȵһʱ֮ٴδ򿪣Ҫסһ㡣
Ҷ׵ͷħ𣬴ʱҹˣ뵽ǲȥջΧҵӣҲӦÿʼˣǲ֪ôˡ
һεжܹɹ𣿡Ҷ׺Ȼʵ
Ǻǣ˵Ҽ˵ʵҲǷͬСɣȻһβ㳲ҲδؾץǡЦ
ץҲܽǸϳҰɣòұǹҶװο
͸˵ˣ˵ˡ
ѵ˻ܣӦûҵļϸˣ˭ܣҶ׸æʵ
Ϊûļϸûмļϸˣǲ޳أ֪ǻ᲻ϵһҪɽߺߣ²ҾҪ鷳ˡ
ĻһӾͽҶװ쵣ĵȫˣڲ֪ԼŲ뿪ôЩģĵĲǲˣʱûκεֿĲҡ
һʱұ͵ϮĻǾһ޴ѣҶ˵ôôҵʱǵ
ڵҲˣֻϣץǼҸ֣͵ϮҵĻҲֻˡ
ҶȻоԼϵĵӾˣΪڼ֮ȫģ֪ǡǡȫĵط
Ҷ׵ĵʱ򣬲ҸѾջѸٵĽջΧջѾǹ˵ƻ𣬿˶Ѿ磬ڿջſڹ۲Ƭ̣ͶԲн˵סҽȥҳϣѣϾ׷ǡ
нͷϾ˰ѳסջͷǻʾ۷ִջֱӳ嵽Ҷ˵Ǹ䣬ſڣ߿˷ţȴǿտյûһˡ
ô£ѵҶϵ鱨󣬲ҲǴһæȥ߿ѵ˵ķ䣬ȥ¥գЩţֱһһŵ߿ˣջĿȫѣܶ˻֪ô£ͱ˷䣬ֱ鵽һ䣬ûзκҵӵӰ
һβˣҵ˿϶ǵõϢˣǡ뵽Ͼʹһãϸһȥ
æ뿪ջ߳ջʱ򣬲нǰʵ峤ô£ѵˡ
ȴæ˵˶С£ǳջʱȥҵĻǾͲˣǸϽȥ
н֮ҲǴһҲ֪ԣ˭Ҵ⣬̴˼ٳظϣǼʹٿĻҲҪʱܸϵҡ
ظϵͬʱһȴҲǳŲҵķȥϺǵ£ͬʱ߻һҵӴˣһ¼ĺ
˾һͨĲҵӣ˵ڲҺۣ¼𵽵ȴǾԵģ׷ҵӵϢѵ˵ĶȴǳõĻᣬһˣֱӳ˿Ĳҡ
ϣƲѽǲҾ벻ǻʱ򹥴ǣһһҪɱǼȮǲð˷ܵ˵
λȴ˵ʹǳ֣Ҳܴ⣬Ϊһһ֣ϼһڵĻǻҪǳСģҪȥɱˣȥȳǲ޳ٿ
˵ǣȳҪ飬ǸСӻڲҵĻһξԲٷŹˣе鶼ǻҪˣҺܿˡѷ߷ߵ˵
ʱһὫֵģҪսԷܿҲᷢǵͼԮҪжѸ١϶
ѵͷܿѾ˲ҵĴǰףΪǺҹʹǲҵڱҲѷǣϾ˵ѣԲұȽ˽⣬ǴǽңȾˣԸҡ
æ˵СԸ·ϸ
Ͼʹż˲ҵĺ棬һĵطȻѾϣǶЩ˵ʹˣĸǽҲǰ裬ɾͷǽ롣
ңûκε鷳ǴǲҵηȻ֪絽ױѺĸ巿䣬ǲҵηҲô󣬶Ҷһ𣬺Ѱҡ
ηĴſڣмҵֻգ۹ѷųöЩϾ͵˵ϡ
źܿͱ򿪣ļ˽ηȴηȻû˿أǶЩо֣Ҳô࣬ΪѾһﱻѺ硣


İٰʮ ĳ
磬ˡ˷ܵ˵
ȴһûһ㣬ʱλϺغѶ˽ˡ
ΪǱҵŰ˵æȥҪηţȴȻηǿˣĶʱ
ܣæе
Ҳоԣæ˺󣬾ڴʱηһ߳һȺЩǲҵĸ֡
ȻҶֶȥ˿ջǲǻʾ۷ֻмʮλȻʮλǻʾ֣ʱη߳һǸͲ磬Ҷס
Сӣ㽫Ҵôˣ˵Ѵе
ҵʮλѾΧסѶ˲ǻʾɣǵĶ֣ҶЦ绹أҪҲףԹ־ܰɡ
ΡѺȻһЩǻʾҲòѸٵĶܣмλеģжء
Ѷ˳ûæߣҶ״׷˳棬˸ΪǿĶ֣ҳϣʵܺͲһƴµĶ֡
ץסǡҶָŲҵĵӣЩΧסʱȴţָҶ׾ʵǲСӣ
ͷһֱƻǵжʵ̫ƻˡ
ȴǵͷǽɽв˳ȻЧĻǰ;
Ҷ׼ֲż֪ʵģһεж棬ҶָӴ˴ץжҵָӡ
ʵǿȫȥץǸߣĽԸˡҶ
ЩҵȻһҶʹ󣬿ȴǳҶ׵ĻΪҶ׿˵ǶԲҹ׼涼ģ˾ûɲˡ
ʮλǻʾȫȥΧλߺߵ֣˵ҵǻʾԶǸ࣬ʵӦѹ֣һͳˡ
Ըǻʾ֣ʮͬĸȴȻûγΧʽ෴ԷеǱһҸֱӳߣȻûסԷһУͱԷʮ׿⡣
һ¶ʱ;Χеˣʵ̫ǿˣܹһлһǻʾ۷֣ǺͰ벽ʥ߶ˣֲ޿ˡ
ҵҲǲףһͬȼĸΧǣǾȻûռκεıˣ˫ɱѽѷ֣ĵӸͲ岻ֻ֣ȥΧѶˡ
ѶҲǺöԸģһֵİòҵĵӳԾ˿ͷƬ̹͵˼ʮĲҵӣͬʱΧߵĲҸֱҵƬ֮ͷתԷ෴ˡ
Ҷ׿֪ȥ϶ҪԿԼСߵʵһ˶ʮǻʾ۷֡
ҶʵޣֱӲԸߵĹ֮УָֻӣҶϵħʱȴûǲҪħˣħܿͻ֪ħϡ䱦ʥ߶Ҫģ򲻵ѲҪó
ȥǸûȡʤİաҶ׽˵
㲻õģһ˲ῴģܿͻˡЦ
˵ǲ棿Ҷʵ
Ҷ˵ʱһӰ˲Ưƶ䵽ߵǰֻһƣһǿޱȵֱӳҳϣҳ϶ʱ󾪣æųƣǼʹǼӰ֮ͬ裬ȫ飬ӰֱӹҳϵؿڣͿؿڷһ⣬ߵ弱ٳȥȴҲûͣ£ʧںҹ֮С
ҳǳһɹֱߣһУ֪ԼǶԷĶ֣ʹˣҲǵһʱ룬κεĳɡ
ҸȴûôˣǵϴˣǶʱʧȥĹǣʮҸһΧûжþͽȫ¡
ѻʩչǿİҶ׿ֻǳǰӳһֱӽѺĶ˸ͬһ㡣
Թԣ벽ʥ߾ȻܽûʹˣʲôʱҲǿͺˣҶһĽ
ȴ˵Ҳֻǰ벽ʥ߶ѣûʲôϷҲֻĩɡ
Ҷױ˵Щͷˣ˵ĩʲô
ٺ٣ʲôǡЦ
ҶҪ죬Ͼ˲ЦСҶ
Ҷ׸æԣǲ˷ܵ˵һҿѣ׼ˣԲ˳Ҳһܵشʧ
Ҷæ˵ǵӦģ棬㿴ô
ǹɣЩ˶Ǭ£ȵǬʱǾǣٶ࣬ҲסץҪЩµġЦ
Ҷһæʵ棬ѵ㻹㽫Щҵ˻ȥɣ
ȴҡҡͷⲻǻǻЩǲںܶطĲҵǬ̲ϷҪЩҵǲҵĲҵҪӦĻϷҲˡ
Ҷ׵ͷԭģҲЩΪ˼ӵĹˣȴֵֻϧһ˵ʵǿԺͲ£ϷҪץҲô׵飬ǻҪСһ㣬ٴǱҡ
ڴʱҴſڴһ󼱴ٵĽŲԭǲ˻ˣǿƻͨʱһǵǿˣһ˷ܲѣ֪һûʲôˡ
Ͼߣҵļɱȫץ˷ܵ˵棬벻㣬Ȼ֪ǽ͵Ϯ
ȴǺЦϷֲɣô㵽͵ϮһǶСҶˣ㵽ǻ͵ϮģҰ
ҶϣһǾѽһξǾͶˣǲҶ˵ҶϣҾ˵ֻҪҲңǾͲκε飬ֱǲҵĸǡ
Ҷæ峤ˣҲֻǲ²ѣû뵽ЩһˣҲ˰ɣ棬ʹ֪ҲûʵֵǵĹˡ
˵ǼҵӿȥûǸҳϣʵ棬ǲһ
ͷǸʵǿˣΪԷһǽҲҪ˯ˣͶȥҹɣЩҵ˶ҹѺ


İٰʮ 
õ֮󣬲ִӽץҵȫߣѹȻҶ˵ˣܿܺ档
ʱֶҶ˵СҶϷл˵
Ҷߣ˵ȻһӮˣǬгرϷģҵڶ֣ҲΧĻǲңҲûа취ֵסҵȫºӹһˡ
Ҷ֪˵ĻеǬ¼αץ϶ҲҪץˣ˭֪᲻һ֮£ٱɱңĻҿ϶ͲǶˡ
ǬҲкܴӰ죬Ϊһ｣Ҷæ棬ӻὫ㱨ģȻǬĶһǬȫԸҵľٶҲϵõϢҲǰġ
ĻϾЦˣЦҪľ仰ڣϷҲ̤ʵˣҲˣϷͲˣϷΪٰ磬úõ㡣
Ҷ׷סȴûϢֱҵһλҵӣǰЩҲҶˣΪҶڲҵĵλͬһ㣬Ҳ̫ô
ϰҲμսֻûгΪ｣£ٻǲҵԼѣҶ£֮ϢͼҶ״뵽ķ䡣
Ҷ׵ĵðҲǸоЩ⣬ΪҶԶǺѺãҲǰȥҶ׵ԭڼҶףæȥЦҶϣô⡣
ҶҲûзϻֱ˵Ҫȥһˣ㱨
ȴЦģѾͨˣ֪顣
Ҷȴû⣬ҪԻȥһˣԼ˵е顣
еһٰɣѾ֪𣿸ﻹҪһˣЩ˵
ҪǲȥĻȥҶȴ
һ°ϾͶˣæͷȥĴҿɲͼݣҪ֪ˣ϶Ҫҽѵһ٣㻹ͣһɣȻҲûжãɺôҲи֣֪ΪҪȥ㱨
ΪҪǬе鱨رʱ䣬һǬ±ץҵǬṷǽԸһԲҷµɱ¾һ棬ЩܿҲһΪǬֵĶĻҸûа취ԸҪ㴫ĲҵԱ
ԭͳ֤Ļæ˵
Ҷ׵ͷȻЩ㲻ǺѺãҲ⣬Ǹʱǻû¶ݣһȥ͵ǾǮɡ
Ҷ־ʹɽ֮ȡһЩǮƱӵ˰һÿһŶʮҲа֮ˣҲһʲƵĲƸˡ
û뵽Ҷ׻æ˵Ҷϣʲô˼
ûб˼ֻңҲҪõô͵ҲģԺǻǺѣû顣
ûƴǣΪҶڵݲͬʸҲóǮԼģԼΪβ£ҪǲµĻ֮ĹϵЩԶ
ǾͶлҶˣԺҶʲôԸĻᣬҰһЧ͡ҲԼĵλ֪ԼҶ׵£ΪʵԶҶף͸ǲˡ
Ҷ׵ͷת뿪ˣ֮ȴЦ벻㻹ͦĵģСǮܽԼߵá
ҶЦҲ˵п｣ߵԵףΪȫĶ̬ҵȻҪ취ˣȻô׵飬Ҳпܵġ
ȻǳˣԺһӳġҲõͷˡ
֮󣬲۹ĲҵȻΣһδ֪ڳŲҲҵķչγһĴѹʽ⻹һΣգΪµǣطҵĸˣ̶ͬȵıϮһʮҸع±͵Ϯ｣ı֮£аҹգҹ²֪٣ȻҶѾ｣ȫҵĲҵԱİȫ۹ϾǬʵ
Ϣܿʹ˲ҵļ壬ҶĻ̻̣۷׷ףȻ֪϶Ǭ˸ɵģȴ֪ǬץЩ˻ʲô
ҲˣΪܿϢǬҪҺҽʣͼǬҲ֪ȳʵѣԲһ취
ʱ£֣ҶҲУȻЩʣ뽫Щҵӵõģû뵽Ҫֽȥ
쿴˿漸λҳ˵Ǿôδ
æҺͼλǾӦýҵӣǲҵˣĻòҵ֪ںǲҵӵİȫ
ͷ˵ǣһҪСҶ뷨
ҶʱͬҲǵͷҾû⣬ҵĵǣʻ⣬ǳֻ壬ȥ˾Ϯǡ
ֵͷҲ˵ĺܶԣһ£һõİ취
ڴʱ˿֮ǰ˵ҪҶףҶֻ˳Űȥһû˵ĵط
Ҷ֪϶ʲôҪ飬ĻʱǰȻ˵Ҷϣϣòҷһνʵж
ҶϢ֮ҲǴһæʵʲô˼ΪҪòҷж
ε˵ǲϣЩǬٻصߣʵǿԺԸǬ
ǲҵô죿ҪǲӦĻЩҵֻ·һˣҾҴӦҲԲӦġҶ׸û뵽｣ȫԤϡ
ʼ˵ˣҷҪʵĻԺû취ĵˣԭ
ҶҲһŭ｣ֻгѽΪ˱𣬿κε飬ΪԲһɷΪ｣Ҷ׵ʧȥ˺ܴķ
ûа취ˣҿҲһξȳʵġҶһھܾ｣ͼ飬Ͳǳɾһΰҵ˻飬｣ⷽҶ׺ʧ
ֻǴģҰѻˣϣܰ˼ȥҿҲǳȷұϾǵˣֻһѣҪԸǬҲûʲôҪģ˼ҵĵʲôϵ˵


İٰʮ ·
ҶȴЦûйϵ｣ȫǽӵһߣʹһɹˣҲֻʧȥҵ֧֣ʹõ۹ôǲһӵ
｣Ҳһ۶ѣܳΪӢҶʧǰ｣кܴıܳΪһǿߵĻڿĿⲢǬԶҲͬһԭǱϾֵܣ۹ջǲġ
ȥ˵ûа취ıҵ뷨һҪֵĻֻ˺ҺĹϵסҶ˵
ȴҡҡͷҶϣȻҺദ೤ʱ䣬»Ǻģǣһ㲻׸ıԼ⣬һص㣬ǾǶԷ˶Ҷϵ츳ͬҲҶϵΪˣϣ㲻Ҫ
ĻЩƫҶ׵ģȷˣһʱ鶼ûһˣ｣Ҳû˵ľ壬Ҷ׵ΪҲرϡ
ͲòˣҪĻҲûа취ֻҪҵĻˡ
εĵͷת뿪ˣȰ뿪Ҷ׷һ£͵˵СҶǲʲôҪ飿
ҶҡҡͷûʲôǼ̸һεĽжɡ
˵ѾˣһʵĵطҪǲҵĵ̣ڶҵ˲ܳǵұҪֹͣǲҲҵĴ
Ҷ׵ͷʵҲûж룬ЩѾĵˣĵ｣ˡ
濴Ҷֻͷ֪£Ҳûʻͽ˶ˣǶȥɡ
λҳ뿪ҶҲߣȴ˵СҶлҪ㣬ոǲ㴫ˡ
Ҷ׿˿棬ҲҪˣ˵ȷһϢ»Ϊѡ
˵ɣϷ򿴿ԼûвµǲӦ飿
ҶҲһæʵô֪ģ
õ֮Ҳǳ̾һҲ֮飬ǬͷҪĶȥȻӦ
Ҷ׼ɫĲ죬æģӲûд㰴˼ȥӻ֧ȱԼĵӣܵõġ
ǰοĵͷСҶ˵ʵȻᣬǲǴ츳ػϣ֮ҲѺȣϷţԺĳɾͣԶ֮ϣڣ¿¶Щˡ
ҶĻЩжԼҲܽҶæ˸־뷨Ҳȥı䣬Ҳֻһˡ
Ǻǣ޷ҾûıͬҲȥȳǲҵĵӵģֻͨ飬ϷҲͼǲҲһöӶѣϷЩģϷˣܺСҶӢʶȻ㻹｣ˣϷҪҪǲѣǲκ˶ͬġ
һθ֮ԣҶ׸жѣû뵽ԼҶ׺Ȼ뵽һ飬ʵ棬һ죬СҶҪչҶҵ֧𣿡
ЦСҶ˵⻰ˣҾļңҪ֧㣬֧˭أϷ˵ˣǲҪˣһ㲻ı䡣
϶ĻشҶҲͷˣʵһ죬ҺҼΪ˵ˣ֧˭
֮ɢһĹâ˵˵СҶ˵仰Ϸ֪㽫Ǿ֮ţԲĶ֣ȻϷҲΪŻѡ֧˭ģϷͲֻվһߣǲƴˣҲ֧ġ
Ҷο֪ȥ׷ϸڣֻ˵̬ȣҶһֱãһ｣վڶ棬Һ֧
󣬲Һȷ˽ʵں͵ص㣬ûиıҵҪ󣬽صڲҵĵϣǲָĵطһҵĵ̣ҼҪԶһЩ
Ϊ˱ʾ⣬Ҳûм֣ܿ͵˽ʵڣڼ䣬ٴҹҽ｣һЩ˵̬ȸҶײû˵ʲô֪｣ĻǾֻ˵۹̫ˣվǲһֱԼϴһ죬ԼĻ˵ġ
ҶԼҪ뽻ʵĶ֮УȲӦΪһηǳΣգڲҵĵ̣Ҳܱ֤ԵİȫҲ֪ҶҪҲ޷ı䣬ջͬˣصطԸԸɽҲҪ֤Ҷ׵İȫ
ҲܿҶڲеλжˣ˽ʵһ죬ԲнΪףʮǻʾ۷ǰص㣬аѺĲҵӣҲǲҵľӢӵǻʾʵ
Ҷ׺ʮλǰصаǲҵأеҷ²ʱѹΪͨûʲô𣬱Ѻڼ֮ڡ
һ·ϻƽҶ׸ڳϲнߣҲнģ뱣֤Ҷ׵İȫнֱӾͽҶ״ߣȷԼʱܱ
нмʮʱǰһƬĵأû̾סȻҲǲҵأȴһƬĵأҲʮ·̣нûдͣ£ֱӴĵ澭
Ļܽʡܶʱ䣬Ҷ׿ǰһƬߣȻҲЩģһθз²ڳϣҲô
ҶҲŶ̤Ƭĵأǵո̤ϻĵصʱȴˣҶ˵СӣǰΣգвͣ¡
Ҷһ˵ûκεĻɣæȥԲн˵ϣǰΣգϽҪǰˡ
нǳһе㲻Ҷ׵Ļæʵô֪ǰΣյġ
Ҷֻѵҵĸ֪ǿܹ֪ǰǰȷΣգϲҪǰˡ
нȻЩɻ󣬿Ͼ뵽ڲңҶһ֮ץôļϸҶ׿϶зͬѰһ֪֮һ
һоսҪʲôҶôôģòнҶףæԶ˵ҲҪǰˡ
Ŵϵһ£еĲҵӶͣǶЩɻĿϾʵҶϣȷǰһΣ𣿡
Ҷ׵ͷȷϲҪðա


İٰʮ صĽɱ
нͷǺãϷģƵȥĻҪһʱʱ䣬ǻҪץʱˡ
ҶæھƵȥɣҪʱˡ
нϾƵֱӴӻĵصҲƹȥȻ·̳˲٣ȴǴڰȫ֮С
ҶƵʱʵ㲻ǲµİɣһҪûĻǾŶԩ·ˡ
ȴǲ˵˵ϷҪϷ򿿲µĻܻڡ
ҶæЦҾ˵Цأ˵ǰ浽ʲô֪𣿡
ȻϷ֪ôģϷȴ̽鵽ǵʵĵ֮ϰĸ֣ǵʵǻʾϣǻʾ۷Ķռһ룬ӵʮλʵͲнͬĶ֣ЩȥĻûϣܹ
ҶĻҲǴһæЩֻҵˣǾȻһεĽʾһˣǸɴ಻Ҫȥˡ
ȴЦȻҲ£ϷƲ⣬ұҵģǲûϵֻ취˵ĻʻǿԽģҪҵж
Ǿ˵һǷǳΣˡ㲻Ҹûд㽻ʡҶʵ
Ҳܿ϶ȻҪ׼׷⽻ҲһףֻõģȲѵĻҲֻķˣͿôˡ
һ׶༪ˣȻлỹҪһԵģҲҲ׻ͷ˿ߵĲнҲ֪һܻܲˡ
뿪ʱǻĵһλܻĽеô£ҵôûоǲ©˷˭©ģҪɱ
ֵһǰҵϣǬµļ֮һһǷǰЩҵһ򾡵ģһǬ˵ɳ˶̽һģһǻʾְǻʾ۷ֳʮʮ֣ܺͲнһϸ£ǿĵȻ񾳣ʵ൱ڲ峤
ԱߵһЩҳ϶û˵Ҳ֪ô£⣬һλǽ˵ҿ©˷Ҳмϸ쵽ǶԷģԲƵеġ
Ȼ뵽һˣ޺޵˵϶һﻵǵĺ£˹ˣôÿζ֪ǵжѵʲôǿܸ֪ǵĴڡ
ǽæʵϣ˵ǲǸץס˵ˡ
˭һֱаˣÿһǵжܱƻϿ϶ʲôرĶĻôЩġ
ҿҲиָ㣬ҪȻƾһʮļһ飬һһ˴ڡǽ˵
˵Ķԣ϶һڰĻǵжͲˣһ˳ֵĻǿûʤϣˡĵ˵
ϿԷģǸδؾͻ֣Ϊһ֣Ǿ͵Ǳ¶Լݣ뱩¶ݺԵĻɲ͸¶ݣҲΪ˲ͻǻкܴĻġǽ˵
ϣ˰ɣϷ뿴Ǹ˵˭ǸСڵĻϷҪȥץʱ򿴿ûڱҲ֪֮˵˭
ǽæʵô죿
ô죿ϳȥصж
ǽæѸٳˣʵĵص㣬ʱҶ׵Ѿһ·̣һ·ȻЩȴгͬҲǲҵ̣ǳİȫ
нûдͣǰҵ̼ǲҵĶ飬æǰӣ·жӻӭнҶǰҲֱʾʺãֻû̸ͣ
Ҷ׿ҲôĲҵӣǸ˵ĶԲн˵ϣҵĵǱ鲼ȫѽ
нǺһЦϷڣ۹д󲿷ֵĵطǲҵĵӣҪЩ걻ǬѹĻǲҵܱ鲼۹
ôҲ֪ҵҶʲôʱܷչģˣҶ˵ʱ˵㵣ʲôƾڵҺҶȫ֧㣬Ҫ۹չҶҵ׾ٵ飬ȻҪȽǬ鷳
»Ҫ｣鷳ˡҶ׶˵
ɣȻǳ֣ѵҲˡʱҶ׺Ȼ˵
Ҷ״һæʵ㷢
𵭶˵˵еԹʵ˲࣬ûжӰ죬Ұ̽Ӱɡ
ôֵģģҶ׸æʵ
ϷֻǷ·һЩ˷ǳĿɣӵͬʱȫɢһɱʱ׼ֵƣϷǵķװȫܹͬ۲⼸ϿϷǾɱ֣רԸǵġ
ھͽץʮɱֻɲ򡣡Ҷ˵
ȴҡҡͷ֮ǻҪʱ䣬ﶯֵĻӰ쵽ΧҵĵӣһʱҲ߲ˣЩҵû֣ǻǼ·ɣҲҪ߲нˡ
Ҷ׵ͷǾͰİ취Ҳ׶֣Ͼǲҵĵ̡
ǾҶ׸ո˵ʱһ⼱Ҷ֮мҵһҽУϾ͵¡
仯˲ΧһƬңҵϾͰںͣ²Χס֤ǲߣнȼλʵǿߣѾ嵽ɱҵӵɱǰ˫չ˼ҵս
Ҷ׿Щɱ־Ȼ棬ǵϴһ޵ߣǵģȫһƬ£һʮλ֮࣬ԤϵĲࡣ
Ҷ׺ܿҲ֣ЩɱʵȴǸ˵ãͲнսһλɱ־Ȼûܣ˫ƽ֣ɱҲͬˣǳû˺ܶĲҵӣͬҲҵΧ
սҪһʱ䣬ҶײûϳΪԼȥҲûʲôı䣬ҵĸʵԶԶнʮλǻʾ۷ֶɱ־һٿըǿǿһһʱ䣬·ֲ֮Ե˲ͱΪƽأЩͨոǱ׿⡣
ǾսոճƬ֮ʮλɱֺϬѸٵĳˣûһսģȻҵĵΧΪʵǿҪܾȻûܹס֤˶սδؾһƣҵĳ£ʮλɱ־ǿȺĻңûѡ


İٰʮ ʶı
нϾǰ׷ϣȴҶ׼æеϣҪмƣϿ
нһҲһ飬æ鲻Ҫ׷ϣ֮󣬲нæҶ˵벻Ҳҵɱ֣ǲٵĵ֣ûг⣬Ϸϻȥȥˡ
нȻҲĵΪҰ·ɱûг⣬ͲҽʣҪ˵һβнֻǻɣΪûмһβͬЩɱѾǰˡ
ҶҲоЩΪѣûзԣܾеΣʱȥĻܾûлҽˣҶ벻ͨΪֻʮɱ֣ҪʵɱֺܶĻܿͻᱻֵģЩԾû㡣
ûô򵥣ҶǬҲûκΰյ飬Բн˵ϣûץʲôˣ
нҡҡͷЩʵǿмλʵ޼Ҹḻûһ˱ץ
Ҷʵûʲô֤ݻʲôģ
нҲҡҡͷûҵʲôʲôҵģЩ˿϶ҵˡ
Ҷ׵ͷҲû˵ڴʱ˵ȥǼ˵ĲҵӣӦа
һѣҶҲϾѹæ˵ȥҵļ˵Ӱɡ
Ҷæļ˵ĵǰŲ鿴ǵƣӵȡһö°Ҷ׽öһʱö
ҵİ٣״ֻ｣ɱֲӵУɱһʵǿİɱ飬һ㲻׳֡
ѵ｣ˣҶһԾϾˣΪǬǲΨ｣ҪֹǰԲŴ⡣
գ㱻｣ƭˣû뵽｣Ȼİ취ҶʧԼϵϼǲˣҺԼʶöĻҪ｣ƭˡ
һԵĲнæʵҶϣ㿴öĵϸ𣿡
ҶҲû˵öǬµģһµġ
Ǭ˸ɵģнҲǷǳĳԾæʵ˭
｣Ҷ˵ʱΧĶǴһ｣ǲһֱڰǵôͻȻϮǣ
Ҷϣûпɣ｣õģȷǬ˲ȻнҲǺ
ȷΪҼʹãҲȷһξǬΪһǱҪǰصĻͻ｣ļı
˵｣ȥʣԲİ취Ըǣнȵ˵
Ҷ׵ͷǲܻȥҪǰʣҲܾȳҵӵΨ취֪Ǭһĺ׷Ź²Ҫץᡣ
ãͰҶϵ˼죬ھȥȳǵĲҵӡнָı뷨ö·
Сӣ｣һζǷǳĲˣҪ֪㿴ɱĻ϶ˣȥ𣿡ʵ
Ҳֻһһˣ｣ҲΪôϾҶкܴãʹҲʱ뷨ǡҶ״
¼ᣬǰص㣬˵ĵӾڴ˵ʱߺԶһǿ³صߵʱ򣬶֮кܶ˶ƿڴ
ģô£ҵѵɵ𣿾ȻǿΪȥ֮һλ˵
ҿǷˣȥѵĲ±Ǭɱˡһǻʾ˵ʱվڶмһȴ˵ûô򵥣Ҳ̫͹ЩҵĵӣǿѾǵݣԲżǰ
˵ǿ˭ˣⲻܣǶߣ޷ϣ˵˭ûмǣʹǵӣҲ֪˭Ŷѽһǻʾ˵
Ҳʲôɵ֤ݣ룬ոճֵʱûʲôʵ
ҶǷ׷ҡͷʱһ˵ˣոհ˸߸˰ѵǵİ˿ˡ
˻һߵɫʱ䣬æȵϰˣô£ҲһٶǲҪʹðôˣһǷˡ
ͿȺ֮ӱЩѿһλæ磬Ҳϰˣֵʱû뵽ô࣬˵ˣǵİϲϳģǲҵôϳǵİġ
һҲæ˵߸˵ѽɱֶӵİǷǳܵģЩҵôϵó
ȴŭ˵ǲҪˣһһҶͯˣϳǵİ
ҶͯҶǱ߸æ˵Ҷͯµôܻ
ȴҡҡͷ֪һξΪҶͯСӲûа˼ȥ죬ŰǽһϮΪֹҺǬʣܿóҶͯѾˣȻܰңһͻὫǵݱϳò֪ԲŻò³
ǸҶͯҲ̫ɺˣȻΥֻǵļƻϴ˵ô죿ɴǽСɱˣѾˡǰ˸æе
ɱҲͷҪȥɱҶףȴȵһֻȥֹҽл²ܶҶͯȡжΪԺҪǾԲܶ
Щɱһ߲ѣһλ˵磬Ҷͯʲô£һǻʾڵĵ𣿾Ȼܵõӣҿǲ̧̫ˣ
Ҳ˵ǣȴֵ̫СҶͯˣ֪֪ҼжǱ˭ƵģЩҵĸǱ˭ץסģΪǲҵ𣿲һû£һжΪҶͯŻᷢҶͯڲҵĻҲ˿̵ĲҲҪǬ̲ˡ
С̫СˣֻҲѾΥ֤ѾӦþŶԣĻԺΪǵĵˡ
ߵͷȻף»ǳʱҪǬиĴǻǲܶ
ǽô죿ǻҪҪȥɱǣһλ˵
ˣǲӦѾǵˣٴжĻһʲô飬ץסͲˣһεжʹ˽ҲûȥǸڲҵ󣬿ҺҵĽ׵ôܾܳ˵ĳòˣʱǾͿԳǬһ𡣡


İٰʮ ʵĶԿ
üƲߣھ͸ڲҵĶ棬Ҳ뿴Ҷͯж˵ţ𣿡
ֻʮ˵Ķһĵβ˲ҵĶ棬ֻǲҵӸ֪ѡ
ҵĶһʱǽصܽˣ۾ܹһ޴ĿյأһƬƽԭҲΪҲŴӦڴ˽ףΪĵط
ھص㻹мǧ׵ʱ򣬲н¼ʵٶȶܺõĵǰȥ̽Ҫȷǰİȫܹ롣
Ƭ֮󣬼̽ĵӻˣн棬ǰûκε谭Ѿжƽԭ֮ϵȴץĲҵͬҲһ
òнǳķˣֻҪǽҵĵӴˣһεĽлģнǰҶһŴǰء
Ҷڿƽԭ֮ϵǰһγɵĳߣҲڰңȲһ˲٣òҵĵҲоЩɣϾҲûɳҪĻռˡ
ȵҶ׵ƽԭ˫׵ľ룬Ҷ׿ЩҵĵӱԷסѺڶ֮СЩҵĵһ׺ݣ࣬࣬ҶЩġ
ҵĶ֮УΪ׵мͺܴߣһλһͷ֮ϣͷ޺ͣһĿףͷ­ʨһͣһֳβͣǷɳµʨޣʵ൱¡
ϵʵȻǷǳ˵ãҶ׵㣬ƶа벽ʥ߼ļ𣬿Ҳֻвܹ֮ˡ
ߣλʵͬˣûһǻʾ۷壬ƺͰ벽ʥҲ벻Զˣ߸Ͳһϵģ˵˻࿹ĻҶĸֺȣǾͲĲһǰˡ
ԷǿĶ֮󣬲нһѾЩˣĶԱȫûκεĻᣬԷһĻǺѵֵס
ҶϣԷ˰벽ʥߣһδˣҿǸı⣬ڳ˻üн㳷ˣΪѾ²Է׽ʣʵĻҪ벽ʥߣԲҶ֡
ֻҶ߿ûôˣ΢΢˵ߣҲӦˣǻȿô죿ʱٿ
нҲֻˣԷҪ֣ԼҲӵõֻȿ˵ˡ
ҶҲܵģ벽ʥ߶ˣǲѽֻϧûֻܶʵϴһô죿Ǭ벽ʥ߶ˣһθ򲻹ѽ
򲻹ҲҪѾûѡˣϷʱȫ˻û⡣
Ҷȴҿɲ뱣ԼһҪЩҵû£ûа취
ΪҪǵ꣬벽ʥǰֻһ꣬ͲǺǿһѾˣ뱣ˡ˵
һҪһսˣҸǡҶ˵
СŻǰɣ˵ˣҲǰɣˣ㲻ҪϻкܶķѪ㻹ûùȻܻɱ벽ʥĸ֣˵ûģټеħ벽ʥ߶пܱˣǻʾȻڻ£㻹Ǻлᡣ
˵Ķԣһкܶ෨ãЩҪõģһóˣˡҶ˷ܵ˵
ߺߣɲҪ˵̫磬㽫ó֮ԺҲͱôˣħѪ飬̣ǶǾ͵űǿ׷ɱɡٺЦ
ŻҺðɣһβЩҲģ׷ɱ׷ɱɣбµĻʹ߾ǡ
˵ĵģ֪ǲѾŵöˡڳЦ
ҶֱӾûʱнҲֻӲͷƤȥˣΪԷѾ˵ˡ
ϵ߿ڶԲн˵˭죬˵
нȻЩǿߣ¶񣬳˭ȥнֻ߳Ⱥ˵ǲҴϲнһǰǽʡ
˭֪߿˿ȴǹЦ벻ҾȻ󵨣ֻɳһɫǰǲûϷΪǲ֪ʲôˡ
ԶԷûннҲǺ飬нߵļλʵ˲٣߾͸ûа취ˣнҲ֪û˵һ˫õģԿʵģʵжǿʲôϵֻҪܴԵļ塣
ȴǵͷ֣Ȼҳ˵ͲҸ̸Уֱǵ𣿡
нﵱȻģһʼ͵ǵʲôãҪĳ綼ᷢнæѵǲǽˣǰ̸ҲǼٵˣ
˵ʱǷǳһԷĻʰ
߹Цǻģ˵ǲԳĻģϧ̫ҷˣȻɳһСɫˣⲻǴϷϷļһｻʣôܣϷ
⻰˵һˣʺʲôϵֻҪھˣߴ£ҵ˶ס
нҲǷǳĲˬôʵǰͲֵһᣬһ֣롣
λϣǲֻ˳Ľʣû뽻ʻҪʲôԳ̸ʱҲûλǵϣ֪ĻǲҲҪһǷҪˡн
ùˣ֪Ϸ˾Ͳҽ𣿿ϧ֪̫ˣ˭ǲǸϼһﲻԳҲֻЩСˣϷ˵ˣǱʲôˣԹԵĽʽϷҲ㲻
ֱѽҶҲǷ߷߲ѣʲô취һǻʾ۷嶼򲻹ֻܱ˼۸
뵽Ҷ׺ǲˬҵĵӸߣǴҲǿһܲˡ
ϣûдǽˣûУĻֻἤŭǲңǲҲǺǵġнҲǷŭ˵򲻹Ҳǲˡ
ŭǲң˵ЦΪǲҺϷҲǸϲһ㣬˸ûκεãϷһϼһʵģȻûⲻǽϷ򲻷ϷڲѾǶǺܿˣԹԵĽʣһ뿪


İپʮ Σͷ
벽ʥѾҪЮˣʣ˭ӣ⻹ÿԷ飬㲻һ߲
нԥҷ²ĵƣһȥĵƶûˣԼʵָûа취ͶԷȡ
Ҷ״ʱҲأԷʵ̫ǿ޷ȣ̾벻һĽ֪ͺˡ
ȴˣӲģϷи취㣬Ϳû
Ҷһϲæʵʲô취˵ֻҪܽǰѣʲô
˵ģϷͽˣҰ벽ʥҲ²棬㲻ܱ仯ģͱģȻʵУܹסԷԷҲҶ֡
ҶҡͷУȻܱ仯ģʵѽһҪұԵĻô죿
ЦϷҲֻṩ㣬һ£˵סԷⲻͺˣʱҪĺ㽻֣ϷϼغϻûʲôģµʱҲˡ
Ҷ˵Ҳڵˣ취ǲУֻһķգȻûбİ취ֻˡǺðɣͰ˵İ죬ҪֵĻһҪҡ
ģ벽ʥϷеյģȻòסŵ˵
ĻҶҲ˲٣ûкͲнк͵͵˳˶飬һصĵطǵòģݼԭȫԽģ仯ӢЦòһģһ
ҶٴγֵʱѾ˲ģˣֻ·ûа취ı䣬ҶЩΪѣҺ滹һӣɴͽ·ˣĻûܿʲô⡣
ʱнѾԷƵûа취ˣҰ벽ʥ߼нû˵ϾʹȵСӣǲ㽻ˣǺãϷھͽȫɱˡ
нһԣϽеҶҲҵӣϾͽЩҷ²ȫɱˡ
нҲóĵˣֻǿЩ²ԸңĻһûлᡣ
˭֪ԷȴЦ÷²вϷ̫СϷˣɱǣϷҲգգۣɱǣɱǣôҲϷ㣬ԶˣֻҪ֮ǰС
ǰ벽ʥϾҪ֣ʱӺһŭ𣺡϶ݵòϷڴˡ
Ȳҵĵӷ׷׻ͷ˭ʱǶǴһǾȻˣ˵һݣеĵӶĹڵأ˷ܵĽе棬档
ĳ֣òҵĵһȺۼߣǰǻûκεʤĻв棬ܴƽ֣Ҳûپˡ
ҵҲǴΪԾǿһߴӺҺܶ˶棬һ۾ϳˡ
棬ǲôͻȻˣ
һֱں棬Ȼϵѽ

ҵĵҲ۷׷ףͬʱǵҲʧˣ˲ų֣ǻܲҾ¡
ǰ벽ʥҲǷǳĳԾȻ棬Ѿˣ˫֣ҵλǳһЩȻûʧܣֲʲôô
λ벽ʥҲǺܴĴߵǰ棬Ҳǿһ£ϾͻָƽЦ˵죬벻㵽ӵĺ棬ҪϷŻǣ»ɣ
Ҷڱ棬ȻҪشĻҶ׾ͱ˵Ϸ򱾲¶ˣ㣬ϷھҵӶ֣̫޳ˡ
޳ܣʲô޳ܣҲҲһЩС˲ͬûǲҵӵѵûմ˵ѪͲҪϷǰװˡ벽ʥЦ
Ϸ˴仯ɱ޹ȫͬҸѹߣ޶ûκεáҶ˵
Ϸô籾ǿʳҲ۸ǣȻ˻۸ǣ˭ǲǿ󡣡
ֱһɺԣϷҪ۸˭Ҷ׺ȵ
벽ʥҲûнӻȻҲסˣ֪ʵ̲ʲôôǾˣҲһֱԥ
콻ʣȻǵˣѵϷƴɱ𣿡ҶȻﺦ£ȴ⼤ҪԷҲҽУҵĻòˡ
ǰ벽ʥߺȻЦϷΪ˺㽻ֵģҲ̫ûˣϷУƽ֣Ǿͽʣ˭ˣ˭ҪԹԽʣôҲҺϷģ
һֵҶΪˣûҪ벽ʥ߹УֻŻŻû뵽ԷȻҪһѣȻˡ
ô죿ҪҪ֣Ҷһʱû⣬æ
µˣ㻹·𣿵ȻǴӦϷڣģ£ҪԼ£˵Ҫغ֮ڷֳʤֲʤĻͻཻʣΪϷҲϵʱ̫Ϸֻ֮ڼغ֮ں⡣
ҶҲֻˣϾͶǰ벽ʥ˵ãҴӦ㣬һҪܴӦǾͱԡ
ǰ벽ʥȻǷǳĸȤϾ˵˵ɣֻҪϷܹӦģϷԻӦ
Ҷ׾Ͱ˼˵ǽ֣Ҫֳʤһ׵飬ǽּ켸ҹô죿ЩҪȼ켸ҹҲ̫鷳ҶǶԼغ֮ڣǽսغ֮ڣ˭ˣ͹ԹԵĽʣƽ֣Ǿͻཻʣô
ǰ벽ʥҲû뵽Ҷ׻ҪڿûкôҶ׼˵Ͼ˵ѵϷ֮ھܻ𣿡
˻Ͼ˶ԷĲ˵غϾغϣϷ㲻ɣͰ˵İ졣
ҶȴЩģ˵ȣɲҪʱַڣĻ˶Ц
Ϸ򿴳ʲôˣ۹ϷҲһһĸ֣ѵϷ֤ᷴڡ벽ʥߺȵ
ҶˣǺܵԼϾһκͰ벽ʥ߽֣֣ûлᡣ
ʦھͿˣҪʧˣͽҲ͹ˡҶ׵ĵ˵
СܲܶʦеģʦҪǷڵ꣬Ķ֣ʦգգ۶ϧʦڲǵˡ
ʦܲܲᵱѽ㻹ôͽСɣͽڶȫˡ
Сӷģ󵨵սʲôҲʦ壬㶥ǿֶѡ˵
ֿԼСġҶֹ


İپʮһ 벽ʥߵĶԾ
ʱ벽ʥ˵ھͿʼɡ
ҶҲֻܵͷãΪ˲˼޹øԵ˺ǧס
ҪҶģ֪벽ʥĽսһᾪ춯أʱܵ˺
ҵİ벽ʥҲûзԣΪĵҲͬܵвͷã˺󡣡
˫ϾԵ˺ǧף˺ǧ֮󣬾͸õľʱ̡
Ҷ˵ڲҪϷƿ塣
ҶæκεĶ͸оԼȻһǿƣ֪ڿԼˣҶȻоЩţǰҲй飬ǲǺ⡣
Ҷ׵ɵ˰֮Уһƾһ㣬Ҷ׾ͺˣǻʾ۷֮Ұ벽ʥ߼Ҷ׷ϰգҲϷɵ˰գҶ׵Ķ档
ϼһʮǰǽһ㻹ǵ𣿡ǰ벽ʥߺȻ˵
ʱȴ˵ٷϻʱˡ
ֻҶ֪ʮǰ飬벽ʥߵȻΪͷˣҲûж˵˵ǽҾһڵʵưɡ
벽ʥûκεĶදֱӴӶƷƽ棬һĵӶҪǿҶԸоɿƲǿƷ̺֮һɾ޴ķ籩һܴݻһе
ɽơƽƷ֮УȻ֮ͷ˱仯Ӱ˲仯һֻһ֮ߵӰƽȴﵽ˵ĳ̶ȣȫǽռıһɹΧ֮ڵĿռ䷢˾ҵķӦֱͬӳײΧһУҺﶼƽԭǰ׿ĵȴܵǿϮĵһܣܶ˼ٺ󳷡
ԶԷǿƵĹҶҲǸо£Բܽӵ˵ģǾµʱоһۺԼƣ֮гһɰɫĹ򣬻Բ֮ͣ˲䣬ϾͱԼ
ɫĹֱӳ嵽Ӱ֮ϣֻһ죬ռͬըһ㣬Ǿ޴Ӱֱӱըһ󶴣𣬶˫ͬʱ˼ʮףǹĴֱ棬һ׵ӣǱը֮ɵġ
ʲôֺÿܴ˷ܵ뵽ڸоԼʧҺϵֲǰĿ
ϼһȻֻһϷôûмѵɵʲôǰ벽ʥҲЩֵʵΪûмùһУЩơ
ߺߣϷûмĶǣոֻʶʶˡȴǺܵ˵
ãϼһе㱾£ڶУǾɣ֮ھʤĻǾ̫ˡ
Ҷһ⻰ЩˣʲôѪƷѣԷǰ벽ʥߣ϶ˡ
ȻԷгһѽ𽣣˽һΧʱ޵Ĺâͬһ㣬Ҷ׿ҲеɵۣʲôȼԼѪ֪Ҫ߶ٱˡ
ʦһ̫ˣҵѪĶѽҶ׸æ˵
һѵ߼𣿻ûдﵽ챦ףǰ챦ҪϷƨǣСҲ̫ˣѪֻǵƷĲһǰ㡣˵
ô죿Ҫûкõܴù𣿡Ҷ׵ˣսʱжȻˣһѺõʱܸıս֡
Ҫ㵣ģϲǻһûȼҲڵмȻûôܱѪǿ̺ǿϲ٣Ըϼһı˶١ѵ
ҶԼϻһûùΪЩаţҪӵǿƿҶڻûʽƿع
ʦѵܿ𣿡Ҷʵ
Ҳ̫ʦˣºƿأΪʦͺͨûϷǰù֪Ҫ߼ٱˣҽųɡ
Ȼɽ֮зɳҶ׵Уֻоһɹɺڰӿɷǿ£һˣûа취ʩչ
ɫĳͬöİ벽ʥЩԾȵʵϼһǰ治һֱõĳǹôͻȻ˵ѵЩ죬ôǺɫģ
ǺɫģͺǺЦϷΪʶж㣬Ǹ߿ѽ㶼ʶԳǰ벽ʥߣҿҲǺŪ˰ˡ
֮ǰ벽ʥҲ𾪲ѣ֪ܳûܵõԶŴ˵֮еΪǸʱŻսȫѹںڰ磬Ҳû
ʹǼµҲʱǿȫսɣΪǲϣҪ磬Щս֮ȫȻⶼǴ˵ûбǾͲ֪ˡ
ڣȻһǷǳ𾪵Ϣ벽ʥ˵ȻȻɢ˺ڰϼһ˵Ǽ֮һǿ󷨣ѹ˺벻ⶼģȻõһǴİɣ
ȴǲÿɷ˵ôѵ㻹ʲô뷨
ǰ벽ʥ߹ЦϷȻ뷨Ϸ˵ӵӵһɿµĺڰоϵǿϷҪŪһˣֻϧһֱҲĺǲĻϷȻȥˣĻɲࡣ
ޣΰɣҴҵ⣬㻹֪Լôģƾ㣬ȥԸ쿴ܴܲӮ˵ɡȵ
ǣһǷĺʹŵһ벽ʥҲǷǳĺ棬Ϊûм
ᶼ֪ôģҲ׼ǰ벽ʥߵıϾڰ֮д̳˲ռ䣬ͬɫĺɲΪĹâΪϵǿγɵĹâֻҪֹâʴĻˡ
콣ɫĹâϾγǰĹ㣬еĹ㼱ٳҶ׵ٶȼﵽ޷ĵزֻܿյĽɫâҫȴ֪Ѿɱ㡣
еĹȫҶ׵·ס󶼳˽ɫĹâͬǱҫ֣ǳƯȴΣڵϦûа취ѡ


İپʮ ᱦ
ӣϷɡҶеȻǰһɫʱ֮лûһһһһ˲ʮûϾͽҶ׵ŰΧеǹ˲ͱҶ׳ԾǣǺȻֱӾͽЩǹɣڳʲôóԵĶһ㡣
ֻ֪ĳЩǹ⣬ΪЩǹⶼ̺ž޴Щ֮ϾͻûԼĺڰԼĸǿˡ
ʮƬ̹ͽҶߵǹȫɣһĻǰİ벽ʥĿɿڴֱǲģԼǽȻˣûκεá
һʶˣĶҪǿ󣬾ȻܽǽȫɣͷѽɺڰôĿ£ֲ㲻ǰıǹˣԭı
֪ˣֻϧⱲҲõһ£ѾǵڶˣһУǲֳܷʤĻǾҪʣɲҪˣˣĻϷ򲻽㶷켸ҹ˵
Ҷ˵ȴܵģһֱĶԷҪԼʱĶȥôԼ˵Ļ
Ҷ׺ܿˣʦļɣҪ֮ڽսǰ벽ʥҲģϷ˵һУϷҲ׵뿪ϷҪɱˡ
㲻ҪŻңҿе㺦£óɣҿʲôʽȴ˵
벽ʥ֮еĳЦ֮ŭϾͺȵ㳢Ҹոɵ
ӣ㲻ҪŪһСİϷǲЦԷǰ벽ʥߴŭɵУ˫ֺȻʮв֪ʲô˲ɣǱһӾͱҼһֱʮ׵ĳȣȶﵽһ˵Ŀȣһ־͵ıվ콣ˣҲǵͷȻе㱾¡
޴齣ֱǵصĿ£ƿڳĳ֮ûܹҲֻĶֲʩչǿĹ
齣Ϯռ䣬齣ĺ󷽣Ȼһϸϸѷ죬Ǿǿռѷ죬ʱܹУ˵Եһ磬ȻǰҪĿռͨ˺ѡ
Ȼ벽ʥĿռѷС֮СԺԲƣھʵʹԺԲƣҲܿʵǿ󣬾޴齣ǿ£Χռ˸ӿֲɽһĳߵȺȥǰΪԿǹǿֱӽǴ˳ȥҲܣǴ紵һ㣬ȫڵϡ
벽ʥߵǿһҲԿʵͬСɣҶҲоĺ£ʵĹͷһϾͷ֣Ҳͬˡ
ֻȴ˲ƶǰܣҲ齣ĹҶ룬ʦҲˣһʦûаˡ
ǵʱȴĽеΪϷˣһƽϷ⻹Ϊã֪ΪʦΪˡ
Ҷʦ˵ǳ֣ʦ⻰ʲô˼ѵʲô뷨ֻҶʵ벻ʲô뷨
޽£Ѿ˲ƶƶٶȫƯƣҶҲһ㣬ٶҶ׷ǳˡ
޽֮ûҶףȴһ޴Ȼȳʮףȳף˿µǶܰ׿⣬ҲҪǿˡ
ϼһͻⲻ㣬бϷһв㡣
ǰ벽ʥ߶Ҷ׾ͽеȻҶ׵ĶܷǳĲ⣬Ծ˵ĻͱҪĽˡ
ãϷոֻֽŰˣڻˣھ͸档˵
ǰ벽ʥһ˻˲ѣҸӲӲ齣ʥ¼ûж֣ҲǸ벽ʥߣϷĶ֡
벽ʥϾͳҶٴһΪ˷ֹҶܣԼɵҶ׵ĺ棬Ϊֹ롣
ֻһҶ׵ȷû룬Ŀ֮£ʹ͵ĳǾ޽ȥֻǾ޽֮£Ҷ׺̫Сˣǰ벽ʥҲЦ
ʱҶ׺ȻоһǿֱӴԼɳһⲻʦʦҪ֪ʦ˻뿪壬ٵĻͻᱻ٣Ҳûлָˣھؼɢˡ
Ҷ׳Ծʱоٵ벽ʥߺ;޴齣м䣬ʱҶȴ޴齣֮ңˡ
ͬʱҶٴηɳһһ֣Ѹٵıǿ̣޴İͼһӾͶס˾޴齣Ϯ֮·ٺЦϼһ㿴ôı
˻һһҶϡһɾ޴֮˲佫벽ʥߺ;޴齣֮ϢϾˣǰ벽ʥ߸û뵽飬ڰ벽ʥ߾ʧͬʱٴκȵա
޴ڰ֮мתͬʱϮľ޴齣ȴͬʧȥһ㣬ǿĹȫ뵽֮У޴齣˲ҲСһֱ仯ԭģವһ뵽֮С
˵ܳǶ˲ɣֻǾ޴齣һķֱӾͱ뵽棬ʱѸٵĽ뵽Ҷ׵ڣ汻ϮŰ벽ʥ߲֪ôµʱѸ롣
Сӣ֪ΪʲôӲӲɣΪж齣֮ϵֻҲðգոҪϼһ׹ϮҵĻҿҲҪˡ˵
Ҷ׿Ҳ׹ʦ˼ˣʦΪԼѽȻ˷쳣æ˵лʦˣոͽʦˣʦҪ
ʦҪƽͱˡ
ڴʱһǰ벽ʥߣԼı˲ͱߣȣ׵ķˡ
ϼһӵıųҪȻϷƴǰ벽ʥܻĽе
ֻʱѾ޿ˣ˵㻹лıˣҪڸҼĻмʤ㣬ɶûаɣԼɣҪҴϷҲ⡣


İپʮ в
͸ˣΪ֪һﲻϣʧȥʧȥһʵˣرǿжôҪ벽ʥ߹ȻҷҲ㣬սûмʤˣһҪֹԷԼ
ϼһոʹʲôȻܽҵıߣϷһҪ𡣡벽ʥߵĻϾתˣ˵ҪƴˣΪҲ֪ԼûκεˣϧԼıǿƴŵõı
Ҫбھ͹ҪСԼˣһҪٶֵĻͲǺҴˣǺҾսϷǲ׷ֵġ
ٴвΪҲе㵣һ᲻ṷǽҪƴĻֲ˶೤ʱ䣬ʹбﻤҲȡʤ
ǰ벽ʥ߲ûжǿϼһֻɵֶбҲ
벽ʥʹƲϵˣʲôͱ벽ʥߴǧ꣬ϰ벽ʥߵĵ
㻹СİϷˣһ㵥룬Ϸһʱ俼ǣǰҵ£ϷҲƽˣǴƽҽʣǾ壬Ժ㣬㲻úĻûйϵɣϷ㡣
ûǿԼӮ˾ͱöԷʣΪ벽ʥ߹ǽҲ滺һ˷飬Ȼ벽ʥٵõһ㰲οû䣬ԷԸԼʣĻȥҲúиֻϧıûа취Ҫˡ
Ƭ֮벽ʥȨ֮Ҳòٺ𿹺ˣٿȥĻ϶ûʲôùӳԣΪԷбԼʧȥȡʤ㲻ԼΣգȻ󣬿ǱͲʲôˡ
ϼһϷ㰵㣬Ϸ򲻷´ϷһҪʧȥĶϵıϷҲҪõ벽ʥ߷߷߲ƽ˵
ǺãҾ͵ˣϷὫϵģӮϷĻϷͽеıϡЦ
벽ʥߺһҲֻ÷ɵԼĶǰʵĶ˺ȵҵĵȫˡ
ҵһ⻰ЩԸһλϾ˵ϣǲҵ𣿡
ǰ벽ʥ߱ͷϣԼҾȻһ˳ΥһʱһǸϾһƣֱӽﻹеǸΥҵòͷ𣿸Ͽˡ
һƣ˭˵æͽϵĲҵȫųЩҵӱ⿪̳֮ȥ
ʱҲԲҵ˵Ҳҵ˶˰ɡ
нȻЩ⣬ûΥ˼æ˵Ϸˡ
ҵҲЩʵĽҵӷˣЩҵͬҶȥ˫ʶȫһεĽҲǽˡ
ʱͶǰ벽ʥ˵͵ΪֹˣϷȸˡ
ɲ̫ͣãǰ벽ʥ߷ڣæҪ뿪ŲҵӾ˵߰ɡ
ҵϾСĵĳˣ˵ʱ򻹷ֹԷͻȻϮҵ˻ûг֣Ϊ벽ʥû
죬סϷ˵ĻϷὫǲҵıȫ⣬ǲҵҲŹ벽ʥߺ޺޲ƽĽе
ʱҲԸˣæߴٶ뿪Щҵĵһ۾ð𣬿ȴûһ˸˵ΪոǸ˵ĳڻڵûء
ȵҺһ඼ԷʱŴߴٵǿߣٶȸϻزҡ
н˻ΪԼһʤˣҲûеʲôٶȲ죬ͻȻٵĲ⻰ȻЩףæȫǰٶȸϻزҡ
ҵĶһӾٶȣٵظϣظϵʱҵĶҲڳˣֻֻм䣬һֻ飬Ǿ｣ɱ֡
磬ô£ǲûгôͻȻðˣһɱֶӵĳԱе
Ҳ֪ô£Ӧûʲô⣬ֻһʵڰ벽ʥߵĸ֣һֱڶ֮ûбְˡ
ǻˣʱҪֵĻǼûӵˡһɱ˵
ô죿ѾҵĵӷˣѾû취ֹ
ǻȥˣ鲢ܹıģҪ֪в֣ҲǵģȫѾˡǴͷ˵
ֻĵ뿪ˣֻܹǵ뿪û˭˵ΪǵвѾˡ
·ϣҶ׻ǲģʱѾջԼĿƣ½Ҷ׵֮С
ʦһܻ֣ܶɹʣʦˡҶ׻Ƿǳмİ
˵׻ˣʦһοǻѪˣΪһѸ߼ԺʵֿԵõŶܴˡ
һ˵ѱҶ׺޲ھóֻ뻹ˣȻȥ֮˵ɡ
ֻϾֱסˣΪʱн˵棬ʲôʱģôһ㶼֪
ҶֻúŪϷʱҪ㶼ֵܷĻϷֻǲ뱩¶ѣǵİȫȻϷµˣǼһ
нæ˵ڣǾʲôˣֻˣǳΣûһæ
ˣȥһҲ˶ԷҪԸҲҪˡ
н˵ǣҲ˵Ҷɿˣתһ룬ѽϾ͵ˣʱˣ¶ˣ
Ҷżæʵʦȥô죿û취ѽ
Цʲô취زˣʵʵ˵ɣ㲻Ҫ˵Ϸڣ˵㵱ʱǽԼǿķŻ˶֣ʹǸе㲻ţҲ벻Ľ͡
ҶҲǣֻ˵ˣֻһԼĺܾܶͱסˣҶʵȥһЩҵʵʵͱһսֻ｣µģλش𡣡
㻹ûش㲻ͦᴵţģĺû㻹ܴ˵ļʵһǳǿؼ壬һֻˣҲֻԼΪݶѣҶ֪ݣ˵ԽأǲԽţϷĻ֤ûһ¾ǲҲҪ㹧мˣ˿ĵЦ


İپʮ ıƵĻ
ʦ㻹ѽһûܹˣӸʰ·硣ҶĻҲǸоǳеƭɴƭһ㣬ҲûʲôϵԲûʲôʧ
ޣ˵˻ʦ취㻹˵ʦûѽ˵ˣΪʦˡ˵
ҶæЦʦֻǺ㿪Цѣα棬ʦİ취һģӶʦ˵İ졣
ȴҪΪʦİ취ͲΪʦͽˣΪʦˣոպǰ벽ʥ߽ѾΪʦܴΪʦҪúϢһˡ
Ҷ˻æ˵ʦúϢû²ġ
ҲҪˣҪǺ㶼ûа취ӦĻͲΪʦͽˡ
ҶײٸҺ˵ˣһֵ飬ǾҪƭ棬ɲһ׵顣
һ·ҶԴе㷢ΣɴͲˣʱ뵽ʲô˵ʲôˣ÷оá
ڻҪȥһ飬ǾǱԭģΪʱнѾɫеˣողߵҶײˣǴ£нæΧĵʵ˭Ҷˣ
ҶǷ׷ҡͷòнżˣҪȥѰҶףҶ׿Ҳое㲻˼æ˵㲻ˣոϷΪ˰ȫ뿪˶飬Ϸȥл
нһҶ뿪ˣŷģҶҲץסһ뿪飬ĻңԳӭӵĻǾͲˡ
н˵ǵȥɣ治Ҫˡ
ҶôӦȥңȥԼûлԭģ˵ȥԼǲЦԼǰ
ҶæˣϷ飬Ϸһڲҵǣһ·ҪСһ㡣
н˵æӹ档
Ҷ׸æץס˶飬ȵһû˵ĵطæԭģּæص֮УʱǲнæЦҶϣո㲻ڣϷŻˣϷΪ㱻ҵץסˡ
Ҷ׺ǺЦڣץոջȥˡ
нֵ棬ҪȻǿܶҪȫˣ뵽Щﻹں¡
뿪ˣнҲ˵ͽոԼ˵˳ʱȷѾоЩңҪͶԷƴһսˡ
ҶæЦûôأȻ뵽Щġ
ֻӴûмʹķҲҴûмģõӴ۽ˡн̾
Ҷ±ƣ͵Ȼкܶķܿĵģ㻹ǲҪϹˣñˡ
нæǺЦ˵ǣϷҲ˵˵ˣǻȥ֮ôףһ½ʤɡ
Ҷȴȥ֮潻ܿǾ͵˲ҴţֻоЩĵǷˣſӭǡ
ҶЩͷۣһҪмʲô©˵ûȥսĻǽִˡ
ҶֻӦˣҺͲнǰ棬濴ǵʱӭӣҶ׸æǰڲнǰǰ
СҶһο϶Ƕ㣬ǲܸ˳ĽˣϷ˵˵ʱɡ
첢֪սΪǺ˳ľʱ򣬲нҲǰҶ¶ڣæ˵棬Ҫܵ͵˵
ҶϷǳżΪ϶Ҫ飬Ҳ˲ĵӣæϷھͺСҶȥϸ̸
˵Ųֶ˵ȵ£ϷԳΪ칦
λӸ˷ܲѣصȥˣҶҲŲ˿֮󣬾ͶҶ˵СҶʲô˵ɣûˡ
Ҷ׺Ȼߵ׵棬һ̫õ飬ԭ¡
΢΢ԾϾЦСҶʲôõ飬Уʲô飬ϷҲԭġ
Ҷ׸æ˵˵ģɲҪ
ǺЦϷΪʲôҪ㻹˵ʲô飬Ϸôʵġ
ҶæǺͽ콻йϵģӽ춷ԼݱݣͶֹ˼С
ʲôҵݺͶֹ˼Уɫʱ䣬һҶ׸оǳĵˣΪˣæ˵㲻˵ôˣ
ŻЦҲǳԾȻܱ仯ҵģһͶԷˣ˵˵ΪҪҵģʲôԭ𣿡
Ҷֻʵ˵ΪԷҪ֣ӲŲѱ仯ģȥŻŻԷġ
ҪϷ֣˭ĵӣҲ̫ˣ˭ģҲЩҵûм
Ҫֵһǿߣʵڰ벽ʥߣԲҪ֡
벽ʥߣԷǰ벽ʥߣɫٴδ䣬һǱһγԾҾȻ˰벽ʥߣⲻǴҪϴٲ
ԾǣҶ׾Ȼұ仯ģͶԷİ벽ʥ߶ţңһ˼УôܣҪǹ˼еĻҶ׻ܻ
СҶĻʵϷЩͿˣô£˵˵ӦòҶ׵ĻҲ˵ֻΪ̫˸о˼ˣԼʹˣҲе㲻š
Ҷֻýʱ˵һ飺һǲǽʣҪһ򾡣Ҿɳһλ벽ʥߺͺܶλǻʾ֣ǸǵĶ֣һ֣ǱذɣԵӲģȥԷܻܲסǣ
Ǻأôģ˵ˣǿǰ벽ʥߣôĶ֣ŵʵһ˼飬Ҳŵ顣
ҵȷǺˣҺмҴķҺԼ£Ҫ֮ھʤ˭˭ҪԹˣƽĻཻʣҵļ巨ı֮£֮ڿסĹ˵ıǱŵˣԹԵĽʷųˡ
Ҷ˵ӦǷǳɣȴǷǳ𾪣˵ֵ𾪣һǻʾڵļһȻһ벽ʥ߽֣һȫˣѾ˸о˼飬˲˼ǣȻ˰벽ʥߵֱ޷ˡ


İپʮ 𾪵
ǲ죬ҲĻʹҶף̫ˣǲȷġ
СҶ֪㲻ѣ˵Ϸķǳ𾪣˵мķϷľ飬Ҫ÷һǻʾڵߵֵסһ벽ʥߵĹǲܵ飬˵ܹˣķͨ챾𣿡˻ɵ˵
ҶʵҲԼ˵Ҳ̫ˣʦĻҪԵĻǾҪԽԽãԽԽãɴͼ˵֪ʵµһͨӣӻһݲûи棬ڵҲ棬ΪӶԼ巢ģױ¶ԼݣӼǰ뿪壬ֻΪݾʱ｣£ҲҵʵݣһȲѣʹԼķסԼڵӼϢʵڲ棬ӿԸǣӵļԶԶҪǿļ壬õķȻһķֵס벽ʥߵĹû⣬ҪȻĻҲ׷ҳġ
˵ҶҲòԼ˵ˣһ˵ûκε©ˣʹʲô뷨Ѿ˵˲ϸʣҲҶˣ˵ԼļܴԲһ޴𶯣Ȼ״顣
Ǻϲ£죬վһҶ׵ĻȫҶ׵ĻһֱΪҶ׾Բһͨĵӣֻܻ｣£Ҷ׵ĻȻ֤ʵĲ²ģҶһĵӣҪǿܶࡣ
ֲ츳ʵǿȫҶ˵ģǰ벽ʥ֮ĽȻûмһǻʾĵֵܵס벽ʥߵĹһǿĵӣӵһǿĻЩûʲôܵˡ
СҶһֱΪһ˲ţˣϷҲûпֻۣû뵽ļȻǿʵϷЩѽЩˣֻ۹һѣļȣֱͲˡ
ҶǳˣԼ⻰ˣҲԼͷˣæЦˣûʲôģҲǼ壬ӵļҲǼ壬ֻǴСͬѣҵڲһֱĺ죬ûʲôо˼ġ
ȻҶ˵컹ǸойѹһּѹѾǷǳǿˣҶ׵ļһҪǿ˵һ޴ĳ
תһ룬ԼӵкһǿĵӵĹϵǶǲҾһõĿʼ˵ԺҾҪҶ׻ĸӵǿ
ȻЩҲֻ˲Ҳ̫࣬ϾǶǺԶ飬æ˵ǲҵĵֶСҶһˣǲǶ̩ɽϷе޷ˡ
ҶֻǰΣûҪ챨æЦûʲôֻܰӱסܣΪҵӶսϣ˵ԼڵĻǾ¶ˣԺҵܿ²˶֪ˣˣܿͻᴫȥҲ֪ĻҾͲڲҴȥˡ
ҡͷϷԲҽ͸¶ȥģϷҲȫϷȥ˵ϷֵģĻû˻ỳɵģҲͲõˡ
ӦˣҶ׾ͷĵ˵ǵӾûʲôˣֻҪҵûб¶Ļӻܹڲҡ
һ仰Բһջ󣬲ôϣҶڲңҶߵĻ˵Ƿǳʧæ˵ݾԲõڶ֪ġ
УһȥϢˣȸˡҶ׼ˣȥﻹıء
ȴСҶ㻹ǺһȥμӵǵɣϷҪúõӡ
ҶҲûа취ƴǣֻúһǰȥˡ
ϯ֮ϣûй¶ҶһܣҶ׺ǷģǶмˣǰҪ˵ǰϧĻھˣΪҶ׵ļǲ첻ӵģȻֻҶ׺ұһѻǲǾˡ
Ҷ׿ʼͨƣʱûж֣ΪͬʱĻ»ֳͻûкô˺塣
ͨǻʽȻ֪һĻʽʥǰ벽ʥģǻʾֻһɵĹͺܲˣҶȴЩţΪǵȼͨƻҪߣһ˵ˣӵƺûʲôġ
ʽʼʱǸоѣȻȼߣҲǺѣͨȴû˭ܽȫҪԼ򣬾ҲûȻֻǴָһ¡
Ҷ׾ȻûſйҲһξôѣϾ͵̬֪ǻʽҪôĻϿ¶ʥ߸ˡ
ֹȥ˼ҵʱ䣬Ҷ׽һЩŵͨƵſʼһЩĵãҪûгɹ
⼸ʱҵǷǳİҲûдҹҵϢҶЩ⣬ҲʼȫԱķһЩҲ֪Ҵʲô⡣
Ҷ׺ǬԲŹҵģֻʲôİ취ԸңȻܿ鷢ˣһֵĴ֮۹еĲҵѹ̣ҵȫҵĴһԶһεĴӵķҸȥץˣǶǿľʵȫѹƲҡ
һʱ䣬ҵľóѵʱڣǵ̼û˿ԴǵչǵĿأ˴󲿷ֵĿҼ֮ȫ߸漱
ʱڼ֮е峤Ҳǽ֣һȻԤϣҲû뵽ķ񣬼ҪǲˣϾǰңϣֵܹҵĹ
ҾһҵĴѾ𣬼ʹҲЩģҲȷǶ˻ʼҵһ̶ϱ˲ҵһЩҵȴֻ˺Сһֱ󲿷ֵĲҵܵصĳ
Ȼݸ߹󣬿۹ʵĻң۹ǮǮҲҵ£Ի˵ʵҲ


İپʮ 峤
Ҵѹңмд󲿷Ǯҳ֣չǵչǵ̣õͼҵĿԴһжǮôѵǮΪܣҸûа취ӦǿĹ
˰֮󣬲ֻίȫܶҵ̲һûֵ˼òһ˵İǾ｣
ҶʱҲ֪ҵĶֻⷽҲЩΪܱҵˣȴû취ҵĲҵʱҵϣİ
ҶײûðϣְܳҶȹѹأȴûκεĻӦҶ֪һԼûдӦ｣òҷʣһֱģû
ҶҲûбİ취ʱĵҶҲ֪Ŀġ
ҶϣǲҵӦҲ˽ˣһҺҪأϷѾеİ취ǶûܹܺõıңҶ˵һĻҲһⳡѡ
ҶҲЩΪѣҲң｣Ѿ˵ˣԸĻͳˡ
峤ϣܳһֱûлҲΪ
Ҷ˵ʵòģ̾ѵҪҲң˸ƴˣǣҧһ⻹ġ
Ҷ׼˵ӶҷĻҵļıǾͿԴΪȫ湥ңǴѹǵĲҵˣֱˣҵӶŹ
Ҷæ峤Ҫżɣǰ˵ܲܳ
Ҷ˵˷ܲѣæ˵ǾͶлҶˣһҶĻǾǲˡ
ûôأ취еģ峤ȲҪżһ˵ͳȥ
ɼλֻ㡣æ
ҶæڰֵˣȥϣˣԲ˸ߣģһᱣԼġ
һҪСˣϷڼҵĺϢЦ
Ҷ׵ͷ峤뿪뿪֮ҶȴЩΪѣ｣ȴûκεİգ㲻ûᱻ｣ѵһ٣һҪ｣С
ҶϾҵ˰˵｣ڵĵطҶѾкܳһʱˣ｣λ
｣Ѿ۹Ҷ׸оеѹǬжӦ˵ָˣûжǵԼȥˡ
Ҷ׵ڶ·һֱǰʶ｣ھڻʶҾʶм֮ңҶҲͣĸ·֮˻ʶǰ｣ڵء
ʶȻǻĵ̣ȴӵǬǬ۹Լ۹Ĺ۹ֻӦò｣Ѿ۹Ҿߡ
ҶʶѾԼװһͨĵӣʵҲѹڹԭʵڴϱȱȽǣͨ˼Ҳ硣
ֻҶ׷·вٵҵӣҵװȻ۹ͬǵı־ͬģʶܶǹҳҵӡ
˳ԷʱҶҲûмȥ｣ͣһҷݳԷԷ֮ʱע⵽Զһ֮ҵӣСۡ
ҶƾԼǿϾǵ̸һ˵ϸ磬ԲȫѹǲҶסˣڸصĲƷ̼ҶͶˣûм·ˡ
һϾ͵ЦǸҺԣһξȻץ£³ҹ˼ҪΪҵĵˣ˵ȥҵʲô£ǲҵĵӡ
ǣֻ˵ҲĴ壬ǲԸǻ̲ˡ
ж֪ҺͻѱˣһԸľˡ
ôʲô֪ҲһЦ
ʲôˣԺˣв֪𣿡
ǴȻˣȴߵˣǴǾûˣɶʱҲСܣСҲŪߵˡ
ĵΪ˭ܵ𣿵һʵб񾳵ʵҪ󣬵ڶ𣿱ֱŵģΪµѽ㲻þѣǰһһﲻ£·ʱˤһӣֱӽһƱͷԵļһ£㲻𣿡곤ĵ˵
˵ǣСܻǹԹԵڹºˣ̫ΣˣҲֻд˲ܹȾƺȾơ
Ҷһϲ벻ͨĵӾȻǬ£۹ҲֻǬܱΪˣȻһֻһǬµˣӶ㣬ɱϾǬѽ
ҶȻһðյ뷨뵽֮ԼҲоЩԾеðˣһ޴ջûмǬһҲܹԸ
СӣڴʲôɣһõùˡȻ˵
ʱ뷨Ҷ׸оЩŵĲˬҲϰˣ˵ʲôҵʱͿǱ뵽ǬߣжͨоǴԲҺ｣ʲôµľٶ
ٺЦСӵͦģϷĵȥɣϷҲ֧㣬һοɲһǬа벽ʥߣ»ֹһλ˰벽ʥߣĸҲ٣һҲʶˣӦǬĴ󲿷ְָɣĿǺҪȥ𣿡
Ҷ׵ͷѾˣһξȥǬ߿Ҳ뿴ʲôӣ뷨һ
ǺãǬҪ֪ȥһᾪӶûԡ
Ҷ׾͵ȴ˳ԺúȺãŰʱ֮˾㷹֮󣬾ŤŤĳȥҶæĵĸȥʵõҲֻб񾳣ûа취ԼѾˣ˭Ҹҵˣǲ
Ҷײû϶֣Ϊ֪Ǭס۹ĸطƬ̵ʱһǳֺĽǰ档
аĶȫһɫʯǽЩʯȻ񣬿ȴҲǼֵƣͳ൱óĺ̶ȡ
ӦþǬסˣٿΧһȥϰΧΧҶ΢̽һǵʵȫǻʾϣһӵǻʾʵвӵǻʾ۷ʵ


İپʮ Ǳ
ı̶ȣ¾һ벽ʥҪ˳ĽҲ׵顣ҶۿԽԽҴԺ֪ԼҪˣٲֵĻûлˡ
ҴԺм׵ӣҶ弱ٷɵǵǰûеǷӦҶѾһƽȫ˹ȥ
ҶײûнǴΪҪǣҶ׽ϵһȫŶǸʹ£ִӻ֮˹
۾һǰһʮˣʱǻðɣҪҶƴǵԼ֮ʱŷϵѾѹˣ޷ʩչ
һ½һǷǳǿƵĽеСӣ֪˭𣿾ȻҴӵ⣬콫ӷſҪȻ֮ء
ҶЦҵȻ֪ʲôˣҪǲ֪Ļһ㲻Ȥ㲻ҵ𣿡
һҲɫһ䣬ûϵҶ׾Ȼ֪Լݣæȵ֪ҶӶ֣㲻ˣ
ҶЦҴľ⣬˵Ǭǰɣ
һ˸ǵɴ۾еô֪ģ˭ģ㵽Ҫʲô
һ˼⣬Ҷ׺ٺЦ㲻Ҫô֪ģֻҪ֪һˣڵСҵ㲻ĻھҪ
ң㲻ɱ㣿˽е
㱨ֻһССˣ˾͵һֻһ㣬Բκε뷨ģùԹҶŵ˵
Ҷ׵Ļ˴ʱɫűˣȫǺˣΪǰʵ̫ˣ֪Լ飬Ȼ֪̬ȡ
㵽ôֻߵһˣûκεãץҲʲôӦԼҲ֪㻹ǷҰɡ
ҲҪΪʲôֻҪݣڽߵĹ˵һ飬˵ԽϸԽãҪҸˣҲһҶ׵
ҪЩʲô˾ȵʵ
˵˲ҪΪʲôֻҪشҵˣӦĻûйϵԱ߻һҾУĻСͲˡ
˸оҶеɱ֪Ҷ׿϶һˣȻ۹˵һˣкܶҶ˺ܶĳңǰӦþЩİɡ
ţԼ˵Ļ϶ûģæͷ˵˵˵ֻҪҪʲô˵
Ҷ׺ĵͷͶˣھ͸˵˵ס
æסǰլӵ棬ƽʱסĵطڴլмһ䷿䣬ܺҵֻҪȥ֮ܿķ䣬ͱķ䲻ͬǳĺкܶ
Ҷ׵ͷƽʱôģ
æ˵ƽʱվſڣ׽ķ䣬ҪȵҪʲôˣٻҲܽȥĻ϶ҪܵϳͣճĹ鶼ϣҲһġ
ô򵥣ҶҲܸˣԽǼԽûȥʵ㲻𣿡
æ˵Ϣ˵ԲŸҳȾƣҪȵһʱֵȥվڡ
Ҷ׵ͷʾ⣬ֵھ͸ȥһҰɡ
ʱŵæҡͷ㻹ҰɣҲȥģҲûа취İ˽ҵġ
ҶЦЦѣһһϤ˽ҵģֻȥ֮ùԹԵĻϾҪС
Ȼ֪Ҷ׻ôǺĵͷҲҪҶôҡ
Ҷ״ʱһ˷ŵԼǰȻ곤Ŀɿڴ֮½Լݱ˵ģ
һжʱ곤˻ûлعɵɵĿǰҶףѼûκε𣬲òЦݱ鶼һģһ
㡭ȻĿɿڴ˵
ⲻбֻǱ仯һòѣҽӦûʲô˰ɣҶʵ
ͷȻԣȻԣ˵ЩˣҲϲ
Ҷ׵ͷǾˣھʹҽңҪȥǸʲôӡ
ҪӦһ·Ҫ֪ҽ˴ȥĻǱˡæ˵
ģֻҪϣǲɱģйܵĻԼ֪ʲô
ͷҲҲңͨСĸʲô뷨
Ȼ֪Ҷ׵ʵƾƷԼֱ仯ģҽң֪ʵͬСɣһɱ֡
ǺãھʹȥɡҶ׶һˣΪ˱֤ԼİȫҪ
֮Ҷ׾Ͷ곤˵һ֪֣˵֣˵ɣʲôȻĻҪǽҵʱһ֪
æҽгǿǶͨˣҵĵӡʱܿ˸æԼƲϵΪҶǶԸҵģ˶֡
߰ɣ磬СȥҰɡҶ׽ǰ·Լ͸ߣʱ׼Ļ졣
ֻǹԹԵĴҶȥܿǾҵĴſڣǳͱǿҶףҲû˵۾ûǣȻǶԳǿѾϤˡ
սսؽҶ״ңǽ֮ǳ˿ǾڴʱȻһʱ
ϷҪúýѵһ١
֮ɫ䣬ҶҲǸȥͿһվڰ׿⣬ڶǺǳ⡣
ǳȲֻǳȥҶײ֪˭æʵ˭
æ˵ǵͷеˣ϶鷳ˡ
Ҷ׼һ£Ҳû̫⣬ҵĴԺҪǳʲô©Ļʱᱻץס
ǳԹԵߵµǰҶҲ˹ȥǹ¶ԳȵϷֺ֪ǿȥȾˣȻϷ˵Ļǳȥ˵ôɣǽƤޣ뿪ߣ
ǳһ⻰æ¹µ˵СҲһʱܲסͣȥǾ¥СҲˣ·ŹСһء


İپʮ µǿ
ǹɫһƬ࣬˵㣬ϷȥѽҪ˭һĻϷҪҪˡ
һ仰Ͼ͵˳ҶԱҲ˻ˣǾóϽϹˣȻæͳһƱҲ֪ж٣ĵߵĻС˵飬´СҲˡ
ǹ¿˿еĽƱɫűûˣǱ˵һҪҷֵĻͲˣԼΪ֮
ͷС֪С֪
ǹ±ҪߣҲ뿪ˣ˭֪ʱȴعͷ˿ҶףЩˣͺȵǿΪϷ˾͹ܲˣϷȻҲ񡣡
ԭոҶ׹ʱûºܲģϾҪץҶ׵İѱ
ҶҲʱʲôͻæЦСĸոձµƸŵˣһʱû񣬻ˡ
ǹ¼Ҷ˵Щò͵СʲôʱҲ˵ƯˣȥȾƵģҲҪеһֵΣԼŰɣȥϼ˵أԼ
ҶҲЩЦǺѽȻ⣬ǬҲ˲ѽһ̰ᡣ
Ҷײͻ֪µ˼ֻûкʵǮƸ£ΪٵҲһŰĽƱҪóĻҪˡ
Ҷûа취ֻöԹ˵СĽûдСĻȥ֮ϡ
ǹǲ̫⣬Ͼͱ˵һҪϼ˵һѽҪȻµ˶ˡ
ҶҲû뵽һȻ޳ܣЩûа취붯ֵʱǳȴæСԸǿϣ²Ҫ˵ˡ
ⳣִȡŽƱ͵˹µǰһιЩЦˣƱų˵ǻֵѽðɣˣ´βҪץˡ
˵¾뿪ˣ뿪ǳæϵĺˮŵ˵գϲģʲôʱһҪƤӵл඼չˡ
Ҷ׵õİͦģֲǬ£æ˵벻һССͯȻôĽƱǮģ㲻Ҫ˵ٺ»ôࡣ
ǳæ֪ǸͲǿٺ»ԷģҪǿǵٺ»ĻͶˣЩ˶ǿű˸ĺôرңǺôȻͲˣΪҸߣкܶҪõһЩϢȻҪһЩôҲΪʲôе˶ְλԭ򡣡
벻һСС˶ôŵһСˡҶЦ
ܺȣȥѽĵʵСҶ׵Ҳʲô뷨
ȥķɣ㲻ҪϲȥӰ𣿵ʱ˵Ҷ˵
һⳣϾͽæͰ͵ʵ磬㲻ᵽʱɱңԼȥķɣ
ģҴӦ㲻ҪСģʱٿǲҪȥķ䡣ʹȥҲֻú˯һôҶ赭д˵
ɫŻһЩæҵķұߣʹȥ
Ҷ׾͸ڳǰסڼҲҵľֻǼҶ׺ǰûʲôǵһӡ
ҶҲ֪ҴԺڲṹһ൱ܵĽķֻǿʼĸǵʵĸǿ
ôðǱҵĻ仯ݣĻѣæҶǰסأûжãһȽϰСķ䣬ǳסĵط
Ȼ˵סΧиַҶױеһ䷿䣬һЩճƷ֮⣬ҲûʲôֵǮĶ
ҵҲģֲðճȥȾƣָָԼķ˵ҵķ䣬ϢϢɡ
ҶҲʱֿʼѯһЩҵ˷һ֮ϣվԼǰĳ˵˵ߣûЩʲôжѽ
ǳæҡͷ磬ȻߣҲ̤ķ䣬ĲǺܶġ
Ҷ׵ͷͰ˵ɣر˵ĺõĻҲԷ㣬ܸܶĺô˵꣬Ҷ״ϳһŽƱŽƱڳǰһΣʱ۾Źˡ
һһŵĽƱѽոոǹµҲһٵĽƱѣһ򱶣ȻңôĽƱɴûӵй
۾̰ı飬Ҷ׾ЦҸһҲģԼŰ죬ǰҰأǰǸʱҪ£ﻹֻǿʼֺõĻн͡
Ҷ˵Ͼͳ˼ת䣬ҪǸոգҲԼôѣԼһߣڵһŰĽƱǰлõĻʲôʲôңǶǸˣۣܿΪǮ˭Ǯ˭ӡ
磬˵Ŀģ㲻ợҰɣⳣЩţΪϾһѽ붼û
Ҷ׼˵ͽһĽƱ·Ц˰ɣģҪúõĽ飬Ļһջء
һƱ䵽ԼĿڴǳ۾ֱˣæ˵磬ʲô˵֪޲ԣ޲
Ǿˣ˵ɣһЩʲôϢˣ˵
ⳣæ磬Ҿ˵ҵ飬֪ûȤ
ҶҪľⷽϢæ˵Ͳйص飬ԽϸԽá
ȤæͷСľ˵ˣҪҸŶԲʵдѹĿҪȫ壬κδϢĻᣬС˵ҪеĸֶҪɱ⣬ҵλ峤档
ôĿȻҪɱ棬ҶҲһԾǬ˵ĻҲʲôţȷ
˵˵ôѹҵģʲôܵжûУҶʵ
СľͲЩܵжǺ̶Сһ˸ûлǰС˵ҲС֮ġ
ҶЩʧǳҲҶ׵ı飬æСĵһ飬˵һҵĵӣ˵ҪץĻһҪʬΣҡ


İپʮ ıó
Ҷ׵¶һ˿Цݵð죬Ҳʶץһǲʶˡ
Ǳһæ˵磬ɸˣЩʵǳҲǻʾʵѵܹǣʹˣҲǶ֡
Ͳõˣа취ֻҪ㵽ʱܴҳȥˣõ𣿡Ҷʵ
˵ֻҪܱһģСܾͿԴڸۡߣЩĻҲʲôΪǾȥĵط
ǾˣʱҴȥ㣬֪һط𣿡Ҷʵ
˵ʲôطҸۡûҲϤġŵ˵
֪ҵʲôط𣿡
һ⼸֣ʱŴͣǽͰ͵˵磬㲻Ҫȥɣ
Ҷ׿϶ĵͷҪȥľ
ϾͽеǸطɲܹȥģҪǱֵĻǾͱˣЩҵҲûа취ȥ˵ˣҵĵӣһЩǳ׽ĳ֮⣬ûܹȥΪɶҪȥѽ
ҶЦͲˣҲҪҽȥֻҪȥǸλþˣʱһ취
㲻ǴұɣɲģҪĵ˵
ĺˣץҲ˵ģҪץôֻҪҵ˼ȥˣʲôطа취Ҷæ
ԼϵĺȻǳĵģҲ˵磬СܿԴȥֻԼǰǧҪСģ䱸ɭϣôûȥġ
ҶˣûϳңЩϳϢϢ˯˾ʹȥҶЦ
Ҳǣûзִǿ϶ҲûˣͷС˯ᣬʹȥ
ȥ˯ˣҶȴҪ취Ūһģڻǳģʹҡڵ˳ȥճţһѲߵЩûдǰȥҶ׾͸ǵ󣬿ûлᡣ
һᣬҲûҵʵѡֻڸۡĴԺ֮й䣬ʱһģĵææһطէһһﲻȥɣûᣬ
Ҷ׸æȥȻͼһܳΪĵӸûѯʣҶǳĴ磬ͬ˳ͨ˴š
ͼֱȥһҾ¥˹ȥͼһھ¥СһľҪԴҶ׼æ˹ȥߵ¡
ʱһţ̧ͷһǳϾֱɫǵıµķ֣ǿֻһ֮Ͼͱ
㲻ôҲܳˡȻ鲻̫ãҲûʲôߵ˼
Ҷ׿ΣæЦСⲻҲһ𣿴磬һСˣԺúùա
һ⻰ʱϲЦտæͷ˵˵Ժʲô鷳Ļ͸˵ֻҪ飬ܰ˵˵
Ҷ׼ˣæЦǾͶлˣ֪ôƺ
æҽ򳤣ǽгǰɣſվڡ
ԭҲʶΪվķſڣҲûиҶ˵ʲôҪȻһ˿ǹԹԵĶ㵽һȥ˭˵
Ҷæ˵ԭ򳤴磬Ҫʲôܵ㣬С㡣
򳤿ҲûпĻ򳤾ֽС˹ǵһЩģոԼûõһζˡ
򳤵˾˵ҳԷؿ϶ҲбɣҲֱˬˣʲô˵ܰﵽһҪǰﲻҲҡ
ҶæЦֻʹ罻ѣԺʲôиָˣСҲûʲô飬ͺʹúõĺһ顣
ȴҡͷҿɲҺˣ˻ȥҪܷɲǺǵģǵ鷳һҲʵ̲סˣӳһġ
ԭҲʱѽģҪǴ˵ĻСܰѾƾˣ֤˴飬˵Ҳ϶ǽˣҲŻȥͺúõСܺһɡ
ʱþƺòҲˣȻ˵ҺȣһŵǾ㣬ϾͻˣҶæϣһȥһƿƾûˣҶ׸æֽСƿǼװƴһʱѾȵǰ԰ˣﻹͣƿƺܿûˡ
ʱѾȵĲˣڵ϶ҡͷԵģҶȻҲ˲پƣȫѹ˾᲻Ϊľζ
ҶּƣһﻹƱȣֻûкϼѾſϡ
Ҷ£ûӦ֪ˣæСй˵׼һϺõĿͷ
Сæ׼˿ͷҶ׾ͷ򳤽˿ͷһͷҶϾͽһ·ˣӵϣ򳤵·֮˿Ѿʡµ򳤣Щģֱӵ˯ѨһѲˡ
ҶֽԼ򳤱仯ˣڱȽ֮ŷĵ߳䣬뿪˾¥ֱӻص
ʱҲ˳ûʻ˳ķ䣬˯Ҳûоڷȴŵʱ򣬳ˣѹʱһ۾Ϳ˱仯ģҶףһӴϵ
磬𣿡Щŵʵ
ҶЦһ˭Ѿһӱ仯ˣӦûʲôˡ
ǳҿҲʲôŵͷǾˣǴ仯ҪǳֵĻô죿
ҶЦģѾˣ֮ǰǲѹģȥȾƵģʱ˵㣬Ҫ¶ˡ
æͷҶֵ׼һ£ھʹȥǱλá
æ´ЬһжˣͶҶ˵ھͳ
Ҷ׾͸ų߳˷䣬ǳЩ£һֱͷβģҶ׺е㲻ͶԳ˵ʲôǸ򳤵ƽʱˡ
Ҷ׵ĻҲæǿװ򶨣ʹܿĽţҶҲû˵ʲôϾֻһ˶ѣġ


 Ǳ뱦
һᣬҶҲ˽һЩ⸮ۡĹ죬ۡγһĺԺýǬסм䣬˷бһʧ࣬ʮ֮һǻʾ˵һֵĻûа취
Ҷ׿ųһֱǰߣҲûʲô֪ͣ뾡ĽԼǸǰĻܾĻˣܿ죬һС¥ǰ棬Ҷ׿С¥ǰʮҸʵǻʾɣ϶֮ˡ
ҲҽҶ״Ǵǰڰ׿͸æͣ£ĵĶҶ˵ǾıˣƽʱǸû취ӽǾҲǲģǻȻȥɡ
Ҷ׿˿ΧС¥һС¥Χûкʲôһ˺͵͵ĴӱĽǱ֮УС¥ܶоҪȥûʲôõĵط
Ҷ׿Ҳ֪ⱦģҲŻȥͶԳ˵ȥĵط䣬ʱ仹硣
ȥĵģҶȴ뿴ΪҪѡһЩطΪԼжĵص㣬͵Ǳı֮ҪŻˣŻɲһ򵥵飬ҪҵһЩǳʵĵص㣬ܱ֤Ϊҽ
æʵ㻹Ҫȥĵط𣿡
ҶЦ㲻Ҫţֻ㿴ûʲôָĵطʹҽۡɣҲʲôΣա
ҲֻõͷִҶ׵й䣬һ·Ҳûʲô⣬ϾҶģͯһǲǵġ
аʱӣҶײǽۡĲˣҲѡ˼ŻĵطʱֻҪ⼸ط𣬻Ͼܽչˡ
Ҷ׿ˣͶԳ˵ڻȥɡ
˷ܲѣոһ·ĵģ˾æȥǾڴʱǰһˣס˳Ҷ׵·
ַʲô飬Ȼץסˡ
ҶͳǰһǸĹ£һѾ˳һˣһѵҪһΡ
һɫͱˣæЦ£ҲǷʲô飬еС¶ѡ
ǹ¿˿ҶףǺܿ˵֪ʲô⣬˸֪
Ҷ׼Լ֪Լݲͣ˵û£ԺҵѣʲôĻﻹҪչһ¡
ǹһҶ˵Ͼͱһ飬ϲЦտĶԳ˵ʲôʱ˽ˣҲϷ˵һԺʲôѾ͸˵ɣһġ
µı仯Ҳ̫˰ɣҲое㲻ӦǷǳĸˣæҲû£ⲻҸ絽𣿡
ȥȥɣҲˡǹæ뿪ˣ뿪֮󣬳˵ϼһı죬ȵӳȥˣһҪʰˡ
ҶЦΪζʲôͬ
æ磬㲻֪򳤿ɲһϵȻҪͿˡ
Ŷ𣿻һϵһҶˡҶ׺ٺЦ
Ҷ飬ʱͽæʵ磬㲻ִʲôɣϵʵǷǳǿ󣬴ǧҪǵˡ
ҶæЦҲȥģҲûлô߰ɣȥˣúúһ١
ϾˣҶ׸߸˵ķأҶҲûʳԣųȥ˾¥ȥڵľ¥ΪҪȥ򳤵
ȵ˾¥򳤻ں˯Ҷ׾ͷĵĺͳȾƣһֱϣŷأҶ׾˳ķ䣬ȥǬſڼֵࡣ
ҶڷȴҹʱһĹȥЩĵĶ˵ʦҾȥô
㻹ʲôʱȥȥˣɲǰȫĵط뿪Ϊ˵
Ҷ׵ͷҲ֪һΣһ죬Ȼлû죬˭ܱ֤һ©
ǾڽȥǱ⿴ˣҶĥţϸñ˭ģȥʣǬ𣿿е̫ҡˣҹǬôȥ⣬ΨһʵĿֻˡ
ݺ͵λȥӦûʲô⣬ԼҲǳ˽⣬ģ⡣
ҶҲֻܵȵҹʱֶˣܿ죬һҶѾԼģģϵĴҲˣȻŪ·ϵģ˯¶û˻ỳɣҶһ·ϡ
ʱѾҹ˾ˣʱ϶Ϣʱ䣬һЩ֮⣬ͲбˣҶʱȥֻǲø˿Լһ·ϣЩģûһǰҶǷǳ𾴵ľҶ׾͵ûֱߵǱǰ
Ѿˣһ·Ҷ׾ʹҡڵ˹ȥ
Ǵǰһ˹ϾͷǳĳҶ׿ȵҶߵǵǰһϣ̾־һ˵ϣô㻹𣿡
Ҷ׿˿ӦͷϣʵȴǿҲǻʾ۷壬Ҷ׾͵ͷϷҪһͽȥ
һҶ˵ɫȴ΢΢һ䣬Ȼ˵ϣҼǵѾˣô컹Ҫ
Ҷ֪ˣֻæԲѵ쿴ĲϷҪٽȥѰһЩʵġ
ʵȺȴڷЩ˸оѽͷЦ
ҶҲֻװģ˵ҲܸܿϷģϷȽȥˡ
ͷҲֻУΪгʸ񣬵߽ȥ֮ͷ۾ЩɻôоЩͬҪ˵ﲻͬ˵
ΪҹԭɣͷҲûж룬Ҷ׽ȥ֮ϾͿһңңͬ˰أֻֻһǰһЩİ
ӦĸˣרĵǼǹʵҲǻʾ۷ǸҪǿӦһϡ
һߵĵӣʵҲǻʾɣҶһ⣬ЩˣʶѽǳҲû뵽Ϊûн
ҶͷʱȴǸ˵ôôˣ
Ҷ˵ֻ֣ôϷֻ˯ŽƣûдŰɡ
ϷҲеģдҵĻϷҲоôįˡǰرĳҲЦ


һ 벽ʥ֮ì
Ҷ׿ɲҸģæϷȥͲˡ
ǳϿҶ˵ȴЦҲ̫ˣϷֵ࣬ѵôҲϷİɡ
Ҷ׿˵ԼǲǸӲ㣬ֵĻ鷳ʱԱߵҵȴһΣ˵
һҶ׾ߣҲе߲ˣֻǱⳤϾͶԱߵĵ˵ȥ׼Ʋ˹ΪʦҪʹϺúúϼ
ҪȾƣҶ׸оͷеˣû뵽ô鷳ҪߵĻҲû취ѽֻæ˵Ϸе㲻ʣҿ˰ɡ
λϸоǳĲ죬æϣɲѽƽʱˣҪϷϼģеСëȺȾƾͺˣ˵ϷҪأǷǳҪ顣
Ҷһ⻰Ͼ;ˣⱦĳϼ²֮£ΪҲзģҶ׾ԼʱʵʲôϻʲôмֵĶððҲֵá
ҶҲûоܾĳЦϣҲػ˼ʮˣÿζǴϳȥִʵϷҲȥ䣬ϧӦҪͷ˵ͷģ˲С
Ҷ⻰ܸоǵķˣǬ˵ǵλҶæЦǿ㣬Ӧø˲ǡ
˵ʺĵطʲô˼ҪҲϷļĻϷҪϹŶˡЦ
ϣո˵ʲôҪϢ˵ҶײϻֱҪ˵ݣǺȻҶ׵ϣôˣôƺϣƽʱǳ𣿡
Ҷ׶ʱоЩˣתķɿ죬æ㿪СЦѽ
ҲûлɣЦǵȻϷҲУǺһϷٸ˵Ϸ顣
ʱǵҲƲҶ׼ˣҲûпֵĺǺ
ϣӦ֪鳤ϵɣǺȻ˵
ҶһȻϣæ˵֪ѽѵʲô飿
ǵ˵֪鳤ˣǵķƳϻô
Ҷװʲô֪˵ôǲҪֶԸҵ𣿡
ȴҡͷص˵ϵϢûͨ鳤ϵĵԷƳϾǸ޴ĳ룬Ƴһγʦû񣬶һ˱ûеطˣЩϷûп˵һֱԼסԸ˵鳤ǰסĶ˸ϡãɴ಻ˡ
ҶҲо˿϶ôƽ֮Ҳж
ѵͻɣҶæʵ
ٺ٣Ȼͻʲô뷨Ǿ˵ˣ鳤ߵˣˣ϶ὫƳϷƳҲôöԸˣʵҲ鳤ϲ٣ȻҲرʱ鳤ˣǴ𣿡Ǻеķ
ǻ᲻ֶԸңҶʵԼĵһ⡣
ǺصЦǽҺĵҪ飬Ϸ֪鳤ϲͷƳ֣Ƴͬ鳤֡
ǲͲ𣿷˶һ֡Ҷ⻰ﻹǷǳĸˣ֪Ļһֵģ֣Ǿ͵ֿˡ
ȴЦ⻹ֻǵ뷨뷨ɺǲһȻϣܹ֣ĻԸоԵİգˣĲϣ֣ϣ֣ͳһµˡ
ҶҲǣǬȻˣͬ⣬Ҳð졣
ȨֱֲˡҶæʵ
ûô򵥣ȻˣλҲǺǵǰ벽ʥߣʵǿҲҪǵ˼ҲΪͷ֪δ֮Ĺϵ˵
òҪ֣֣ҲҪ취˿ڶͺˣҶĬĬš
ʲôǿ飬æʵ
ûʲôֻǿ߰ˣҲѰѽҶװЦ
γǣЩΪ˶ԸѾ͸Խ˵Ǹһص꣬ȥĸֶץˣҲǳĿɣϷ˵˵СһﵽʲôȻôĸֳ¡
ҶһһȻᵽԼˣɴװģ˵СӣҲѽûģϷȥʱȻ㵽ϷˣҺϷӵļʱҪȻͱǲץˣСͲʮ꣬㣬ÿһεж
˵㣬ˣϣôɲҪ̫˰ɡҲҶ׵Ļеţ绹ˣһһˡ
ҶȴǺܿ϶˵ѽҪһεĻҲɣһζϷҲͬ£ǾͲǼ򵥵ˣǵжָƣҪ֪ǵжõ鱨Ǿֻ㣬϶һŶݼ֮ˡ
ҶⴵԼǾԵҪԼ˵һܵļһҲҵ˸оһЩѹĻȻЩˣͷ˵ѽҵжܴӱĵطõǻŶݼ֮ѽ˵Ѿû˻ˣָ͸Ǵ˵ˣҪĻǾһˡ
ҿҵж¶㵽ˣ鳤ϻǷƳϳҶ֪ģСڣҿûô׶ԸҶɷµ˵
ǴϸϽ˵һ˵СӻָҪСһЩǱҶ׸ˣȻȫҶ׵ĻҲѹ֣Ҷģں˵ΪϵĻܻҪżֵġ
Ҷ׼ˣ͵ЦæϷȥ˵ҲŰɣҲֻЩϼһˣᣬû˵ȻţϷ˵Ҳǰ˵粻˵ĺãĻһ˼ȡˡ
Ҳǵͷ˵ǣһҪԸңʱ˵ȥҵĻһ᲻˵ģֻпԺ˵ˡ


 
ȵҲˣȽȥˡҶ׿Ǻȵͨ죬æҪ뿪ȴæ˵ź˶٣ƽʱûмǲͣµģ㻹֪Ϸ𣿼û⣬ֻϷ̣ЩþƣûùѡҺѣôҲû⡣
ҶȴˣæϷһЩϵİҪȥһЩա
ԭڷܣϷҲˣȥæɣϷҲȵĲˣܺʹһȺȾϷѾˡЦ
Ҷһˣæǣ̤֮Ϳܴ󣬳ǧƽףȫһһŵľܣЩľܲһľܣȫľǧ겻Щľܵͷ˸;ᣬ
Ҷ׿ǰѾЩˣ֪һҲֵȼ;ᶼһǱȽϸ߼ˣȻҲ⣬Щ߼Ҳǲ;֮УֻҪǿõʲôϽˡ
ҶһһŵĿȥҲмˣֱӽǰЩӣΪ֪ǰЩֻͨһ㶼ں档
ҵȻͿһĳȫ¼ֱߵУü䣬Ҳ֮ȻҲҪĸһ㡣
ĸ߼Ҳ̫˰ɣʦ㿴ЩʲôȼҶЩ˵
ȴ׼Ҳûʲô߼
׻ѽٸ߼ľǻʽˣǿɶʥ߲ģҿûܵõ߼ѾǳˡҶ˷ܵ˵
ȴЩ˵ǵϢˣΪʦΪʦʲô𣬸Щⶼʲôֵø˵ġ
ʦ˵ȷǹǿĻʱҲе㲻ѽϾһûͻƵ߼Ҳ˵㣬ЩҲãҼʹҪĻԺҲҪΪҵҶ׼׼ЩҶҵĵӣҶҾͻĸӵǿˣ˵ǲǣҶ˵ͷͷǵ
ģ㣬߾߰ɣ˵ҲԣҪҶڶ̶ʱڷչΪһǿļ壬Щȱٲ˵ģˣԺЩ°ɡҲͬҶ׵
ûлʽ׵𣿡Ҷеʧ˵
Ϊʽ׵׵õʥǰ벽ʥҲûа취õǬ߶һ벽ʥߣĻлʽ׵
ǾЩ׵ɣѾˡҶ׾Ҫ֣ȴæֱֹȡ𣿡
Ҷæʵѵʲô𣿡
СӲ±ץȡ߰ɣֻҪЩĳϾܹӦõһûйϵҪôĻĳϾͻô¡
Ҷһ⻰еĲ֪ǺˣҲãǰһˡ
ʦͨа취ɣ̽ͽôȡЩҶ׸æ
ϷȻа취취ûеĻϷڱĴ͵ôôģҪ͵ЩͱҪӦȥǽضϣĻ˲Ųܷ֣ҪضӦҲô׵飬ԽǸ߼ӦԽǿҪǳǿΪǲѹסϵӦ෴ǿĸӦ
ҶæٺЦʦǿ϶ͽȥЩϵӦɡ
Ϊʦ鶼첻Ļܽʦ͸ҵҵһĸӦ֮ѸٵĽɽ䣬ΪЩĸӦֻܿԶɵġ
Ҷͷʦģһһʱ佫УıܷŹ𣿡
һõӰһǰ棬гǵһĨȥȻͶҶ˵ˣ
Ҷ׸æһɽ䣬ܿ죬ڶˣŸɽ䣬Ҷ׵ԽԽˣЩҵףԺҶҲǿˣɶǻʾֵ
Ƭ̹Ҷмʮ֮еĸ߼඼ˣҲֻ֮ͣʣһЩͼˣҶûʲôã͵ˣѾˣǰһЩǹȥ
Ҷ׸æǰȥֿһżӣһżȴľһֲ֪ʲôģһЩɢ
ЩɣӣҪҪЩҵġҶ˷ܵг
æȥЩһѱæʵʦѱʲôȼģ
ⲻǵƷѪࡣش
ҲܲŶҲҪˡҶ˷ܵ˵
ֻҡҡͷҶڶǰһȴ֪ʲôʴ죬ȫǽɫɢźǿ
ʦʲôȼҶʵ
ҲǵƷһŻȼҲÿˡ϶˵
ǵ׵ҲܲˣҶҪˡҶǸ˵˵
𻹺ûҡͷˣѾЩϰҶ׵̬ȣҶ׸æʵûиıôģЩȻѾ˼ˣֻҵҶҵˡ
ǰһӦЩô
ҶһϾͳ嵽ǰ棬ȻͿһͬһףȫǽǳƯ
ʦʲô˵˵ҶȲ˵
һԵȼƷӦõˣܾסʥµĹǰ벽ʥߵĻҲ̫ܶ˺
ô벽ʥ߶˺ңҾͲٶ㵽ˣͲ°벽ʥˡҶ˷ܵ˵
ֻ˵벽ʥ߲Ҫ»ǿԵģҪð벽ʥ߹ҲҪġϾʹ
ʦ˵Ц˭ð뱦ʯʥ߹Ǳһξ֪ˣԺҵˡҶ˵Ҫȥã뵽ϵĸӦ治ҲаɣæʵʦЩǲҲҪӦߡ


 Щҵ
ҡҡͷЩãǲӦģѾˣŻӵ˵Ӧ֮㶼Դߡ
ҶһҲûпϾһһĽЩȫ뵽ɽ֮УǼףҶȴ᲻˷棬мɫƯףӦþ׵ˣ˵ڽϣͿԷֹǹˣ
ǿҪУ˵ˣҪǴȥĻ»ᱻĳϷ֣ɣҪɪˡֿʼôҶˡ
ҶЦҲֻ˵˵ȥ֮ʱ䣬Ƚȫߡ˵ͽɽ䡣
ֵǮУҶҲཫ֮еĺñչһˣҪ뿪ȴҪһҪ飬ǾǷŻҡ
ɲһ׵飬ΪŻܿͻ֣ᷢҶ׿ûֲ˷ҲԷŻı£һҪˡ
ʦ㵱ŻջʹҲңҪҳȥ֮ٶôҶ׺ǸԼһõ·
ʦԼˣ˼˵ѽͽܣʦҪˣԼܡϾͺǲ˵
ʦ˼ҲûҪ£϶ʦߣʦͨչʹ黹ѵ㣬ͽˡҶ׻һƤЦģ
˰ˣ˭̯һͽܣΪʦ־ˡһܷų֣ǳȥ֮ŻȼĻͲᱻ˷ˡ
Ҷ׸æͷʦŻѽҲھ뿪
ͼжһɫĻ棬ɫĻ䵽ǽǣַų˼䣬ֱ䵽ǽǡ
Ҷ׿ôСĻ磬ЩĵʵʦЩС粻Ϩ˰ɣ㲻Ϩ𣬵ҲҪĹɣ
ȴˣе֪ʲôѽɲһĻ磬֮𣬿ܵҵĿƣǳȥֻ֮Ҫ΢һӦЩϾͱɾ޴Ļ棬˲ͿԽû
ôⱾʦܴܲѽҲѧѧʱҲȥ˼ҵĻʹҶ˷ܵ˵
붼룬ΪʦĿұ죬ͱѧˣΪʦ㣬ڻɲѧģ
Ҷʦһ˵ҲԴǾ͵ҵʵô˵ɣȳȥɡ
Ҷ׸æ뿪ſڵʱԼǵһѾǲˣֻͽһλڡ
λӿҶ׳ˣæǰ˵ϳˣʦոպһЩ֮ϢˣҪʦ𣿡
Ҷ׵Ȼû£æҡͷû£ʦ˯ɡ
ǵӾֻصԼλãҶҲߵ̫죬Ͱһٶ˳˱⣬ʱһӾٶȷɱֱһȫλá
ʦڿԶˣⱦ˰ɣҲڱĵط֡Ҷ׸æ˵
ЦѾˣ㿴Ǳ⡣
ҶٻͷʱͷǱϷһɫĻ棬Ҳ̫˰ɣյݶˣ治ʦҶҲ֣ܿ죬ⱻյǻ죬һӾ;Χе͵ӣȫɱȥžеҵҲˣ
Ҷ׸æ˵棬ŴҶȥʱԼѾѡõλãһѻ𣬵ȻʱϾܵһطŻ𣬺ܿ죬ΧˣһӻƾҵĵӸͷתⱦĻգΧĻˡ
֪ܿ϶ΪŻ𣬴ʱλ벽ʥߺǬѾ֣֮ǰѾյֻʣ¼ˣǬǻе˭ɵģ˭ɵģ
ʱŴ˳һЩ˯ϾͱԼͽܽѣҲĻƾˣæȥ𣬿Ѿˣ˲ͽȫջ٣ٶҲĿࡣ
ǬˣҲֻǸæǬǰϷһʱȻñŻˣϷɡ
ǬȻߣҲǳǣ϶˷ŵģʵ컹˭ȥˣ
һ⻰æ˵Ǵȥ˱⣬ո뿪ˡ
ǵĻո˵꣬Աߵվ˳еɲҪѪˣȥıˣһֱԼסҲûȥ
ǿæ˵Ϸôѣ飬㻹Ϸ˼ͽҲ֤ѾˣŵĻ
ǬϾͽһʣϾ֤ʵǵĻûȥϾ˵Ҹû⣬϶αװҵˣ϶
ʱһҲվ˵ҿ֤û⣬ΪϷһֱڴϵߡ
ǬҲ֪һЩüĿˣ϶˹⣬ʱ鳤Ҳ˵Ϸ򿴣ȷ˱ϵģ˱⣬ŷŻ˱⣬ǿŲΧɵˣץ֡
Ƴһ鳤˵ȴҿδأǸαװƭǳϣԿαװȺЩȥѰǲҵʹˣҲϲıģʱԱһߡ
˵ʱҶѾ˼طĻˣһʱִ˾ȻǬͷһͿԼĸۡǻˣ˫۶ҪˣĽеץסǸŻġ
еĵӶȥˣæ֯һȺȥץҶף벽ʥҲͬʼѰҶ׵䣬ʱҶѾӳ˲Զһջƿһ䣬˯Ǹ
Ҷ׺ٺһЦӵ˵ϣԼڴϢϢʱԲʮķΧˣе˶һƬ𺣣Ҷ֪ô£׷׳ȥʱҶȴûһ㣬ڿջ֮ڡ
СӣҲ̫ˣﲻǾ֮أҵ˺ܿͻ鵽ģ㻹Ǿ뿪ɡ˵
ҶҲǣԼѾǽҵĸۡҪҲҪһʱ䣬һʱûоԸˣֻǿϧԼûܳ׵ĲǬæ׼һ£Ѹٵ˿ջ
ͬʱһҲŵòιȥǳΨһ֪Ҷȥ˱⣬ôҲû뵽Ҷ׾ȻȥŻģһŻֱӽˣŵóǶԼķ䲻ҳȥ
˽Ÿҳȥһ𣬿ȴµʱǬ鵽Լϡ


 ջ
ǬʱѾŭݣ۹ʮĸۡȻͱһѻˣؼı֮к֮ܶͬһ棬ӷŭǣЩ߼Ͳ»𣬿ǾȻصʧˣǾֻһܣǱŻ˸͵ˡ
Ҷ뿪ȴû뿪̫ԶΪ֪ǬʲôҶ׾һҿջţһ룬ǱȽϵİȫ
ʱڴҵϢˣҳʱͳԼԭľ¥棬ڶ磬Ҷ׾ȴųˣܲܳͲ֪ˡ
һֱȵϣҶ׻ûеȵĳ֣е㵣ģǳץ˰ɣĻܶᱻ¶
Ҷ׵ĵʱ򣬳Ȼǹ˾¥ʱҶ׻ĺ棬ȷû˸ٵʱųͳ档
磬ѽһĺ£ΪҶײһ
ôˣﲻ𣿲˵˽ģҶЦ
æҡͷҲ˼ΪôΣգ㲻ˣû뵽㻹ڡ
ҶЦ㲻ҲΣҲˣҾ͸Ӵˡ
һ⻰ҡͷ֪ðΣ͵͵ܳģһƬң˴磬ѻŵİɣ
ȻҶ׷ŵĻ𣬿Ҳȷѽ˭ȷҶ׾ЦҷŵĻ˭˵˵ڵɡ
ĴָǴţѽȻһˣСͶˣұյ˯ĵطûˣҵҲû˯ˣϵڶյǸѽһķ䶼û£˵ǱյһûıӶˡ
ҶҲǷǳ⣬ĵ˵һѻյĻԤϵĻˣǬʲôж𣿡
æʱһֱָͬʱѰҷŻˣ˵Ѿ֪˼ðϽ뱦⣬ȷ˾ֻ֣ûκεһҪҸۡպ飬ûʱȥġ
ҶҿҪؽˣҪܳʱ䣬ʵҵĸڶ
Ѿ뿪ȥһۡеĸҲǰˣֻ˴󲿷ֵͨ档˵
һۡҶ΢΢һЦͦģʵҵһۡģ
æھﲻĵطĸۡҪСܶ࣬ΪʱĸۡʹãӦòȥɣ
˵ҪʲôñĻҲȥ
Ļһæ˵ɲðˣҵ˸Ǿ֣ȥǳΣա
֪ҲûоҪȥȿûʲô⣬ҵ˻ûУҶе㵣ĳˡ
һûлɵҵͷϣˣҲܲͲ֪ˣһ̲飬Ҫ೤ʱ䶼ˡ
Ҷʱ͵ʲô֪Ѿ֪ҿԱ仯ģǶϲ͸˵ˣֻҪһҧԼ֪Ҳᷢʲô
ͷ֪ˣ㻹ʲô𣿡
֪ǬҪʲôûиıԸҵж벽ʥʲôж֪Щ𣿡
ҡҡͷˣѰҷŻ֣ûᵽҵ飬벽ʥҲѰҷŻ֮ˣֻǶûҿһζĴǳһʱûʱˡ
Ҷ׵ͷȻ뵽ʲôֽ˵˵һ飬ܺͲйء
Ҷæ˷ܵ˵ʲô飬˵
æ㱨չЩҵĵزԼѻչˣϼתҲûа취
һĺϢЩԼˣǲҵĵزǻǲҵˣҪ֤ЩǵģҪóԼûԼƨ
ҶҲû뵽Լ֮оȻ˲һæҪĽϢңջЩչҵҪҷԣǳʾԼȻûа취ʾҵҵֻص˲ҵһõһʵչá
Ҷ׸˵˵ҴæˣٽһúõĸЧͣҲġ
Ҷ׾ʹȡһһĽƱ˳ǸжѽһӶǮ˵磬˵ǸЧˣʹǸϵɽ»ҲԸѽ
Ҷ׵ͷЦǲãֻҪǬ߼͵ϢõĻ͹ұ棬㲻ᣬߵʱȻὫҲˣԺҵСˡ
лл磬лл磬СһȫԸɴ罻ҵ񡣡Ǹм˵
ˣǾ͵ɣ֮ʱһϢû취ĻͲҪˣҵȰʱҪûĻҾͻ뿪ġҶ
Ҳ֪ڳףԲҪÿ춼ˣҲҪһæͷһȡܹ
ҲҪǿ󣬿ҪȷԼİȫҶֵ
ӦҪ󣬾ת뿪ˣҶҲûͣϾ뿪¥ҪȥһطǾǲڻʶһ֧
۹󲿷ֵطԼķ֧ʶ͸˵ˣҪһҪϲѶϽزҡ
ҵķֲڻʳǺܺңΪ۹壬ʶ֮أȻҵܲʶЩ룬ǻʶķֲҲˣвҵ۹򣬲ҵҲΪ١
ֻҶ״ûҲ֪Щҵӻ᲻ʶⶼҪҲԼ֡
Ҷ׺ܿҵ˲ڻʶķֲȻǷǳɣȻܺǬĸۡȣڻʶҲһĸۡ
ͿǰмҵӰأǵķװͲܲһģһҶ׺Ȼ˹ȥǼһҶףϾǰ棬һʵǺˣ
Ҷ׶˵Ǿ˵һλҶϴܲҪĹ³ϡ
Ҷ˵Ͼŭȵ󵨣Ȼðǲҵĳϣ
Ҫ֣ȴԶһλͷֹô£
ǸͷҶ׵ǰ˵һȻðǲҵĳϣ˵϶ðġ


 Ҫ鱨
Ҫܶ࣬Щ˿Ҷ׾ʵʲô֣ΪҪðǲҵĳϡ
Ҷ׸оЩΣֻظҲûðҵĳϣҾǲҳϣ˵һҶϵ𣿡
Ҷ׻ȷϾǲڲܲһ⻰ɫϾͱˣһ˵ѵҶϣ
Ҷ׼˵ˣҲˣ͵ͷҾҶϡ
ҶϿ룬֪Ҷϣҿ϶Ҫ볤Գӭӣϻ㱨
æԱߵеȥϻ㱨˵Ҷˡ
ſԼˣҲҵæҴҵĳȥҶҲĴ֮ȥһṦͿһߴҴææĴˣһҶףϾҶ״Ц֪ҶǰϷʧԶӭˡ
Ҷ׵ߵǰҲЦһδܲҲûȴкȻ֪ˡ
ǰͺͲн࣬ʵӦڲн֮£Ҳ˶٣ܹﵱĿ϶ӡ
ϷʢҶϷϲѽ롣ʢ˵˵
Ҷ׸Ųʢ˲񸮵Ĵ˿ΧĽȻȲңҲǷǳɣԿǴɡ
ҶʢҶ״˿£ԼҶ׵Աߡ
ȥ׼磬ϷҪΪҶϽӷ硣ʢֶԱߵ̴˵
֪ҶһʶǲʲôҪ飿ʢźһ֮󣬾ͶҶʵ
Ҷ׵ͷһȷкҪ飬˵Ϣ𣿡
˵Ϸ͸˵˯žѽϷҪϢͲҵҲ˸ˣ챻һ˸⣬˵汦ҲչˣϢ֮Ϸһ˵ڡ˵ʢʵҶϣ㲻Ҳ˵Ϣɣ
ҶЦЦҵȻ˵ϢԲҳϵġ
Ǿ͸ҪúõףһˣϷû˺ϷһˣҶˣúϷһʢǷǳ˷ܣϢ붼ˡ
ϣ֪֪ⳡô£Ҷ׺Ȼʵ
ʢҡҡͷЦϷ֪˵ۣ޶Է´ǡ
ôɵ飿ʵҵĴ˷ŵġҶ׺һڲˮ˵
ʢʱɴ۾æʵ˷ŵģѵ󵨣ȥҵĻҲ̫˰ɣ˿϶һˣһ൱Ҳǰ벽ʥ߼𡣡
ʢǸԼжƲ⣬Ҷȴ˿ΧԵİȫ𣿡
ʢЩ˵԰ȫֻҶˣߵĵֶǸҼʮˣµģҶΪʲôҪʡ
Ҷŷĵ˵ΪҪһҪ飬ⳡҷŵġ
˻һòʢûзӦ˵ǴľֱֱĿҶףɵһ㡣
ϣôˣҶ׼⸱飬Ҳֻùĵʵ
ʢŴ֮ѹǲģæʵҶϣⳡŵģ
Ҷ׿϶ĵͷѵʲôԵ𣿡
ʢҡͷȻǣȻǣֻϷе㲻ţҶϾȻ䶯۹Ĵ£ϷѽҵҪ֪ǵ˷Żңǿ϶Ǹˡ
Ҷȴæֹɲ߲ܽҵӣǻܣһ͸¶ȥĻҿ϶Ҳ֪ģҲΪʲôҪܵԭһ֪ǲΪǬ϶ҪԲʵзĴ
ʢҲŵæͷҶϷģҾԲ˵ȥġ
ǾͺãһΪ㽫鴫һһҪϢҪ棬һδ𲻵ҸۡҽҴӲչĵزҵƾݺԼһҲ˸⣬棬òҵ˲þңջб̲ҵûԼܹ֤չЩҵþǡ
ҶһòʢŴͰ˵ҪǿʼҶ˵ŻеĵĻҶ˵Լƾݶˣǿ϶ͲдˣһҶ׸ɵˡ
Ҷϣ˵ģЩԼıˣʢֲŵʵ
ѾˣֵչԼչ⣬ͻȥ˵ģ󵨵ջزҵҵҪǳʾԼƾ֤
Ϸ˫ϲѽһΣҴѹǲеŬ׷ˣһװ˷һʵǮƣҲúˣҶϣһԲҵĹ׿˵ܼˣʱһֱѹĴ󲿷ֵĲҵֵֶͨչˣ벻һеŬ׷ˣǴѽϷһԽϢˣҶΪԼȥԽϢ棬϶ǳ˵ġʢЩɻʵ
ﻹЩ飬ҪҽʲôжԲ뿪ȵƽϢ֮ȻȥġҶƽ˵
Ҷո˵󣬸ҷŻңϷһٸҲ룬ҲɲˣҲֻҶ˲ܹϷͶˡҶ»Σգҵ˿϶Ҳȫ飬Ҷϻ᲻̫ΣˡʢЩĵʵ
зִ磬ðյģ㽫ҵϢȥУҲҪ÷ҲжҪ֤ԼİȫҶѵ
лҶϹģϷһ÷ϾǻʶҲֱǲңпܻЩôҲģԸһЩ취ġʢŵ˵
ǾͺãͲûȥˣ˴ҵϢɣﻹҪġҶֵʱǬܻԲҷҲǲܷ˵ҲŻղҵĸۡ
ϷȥҶϵϢҶԺɣϷҲþ֮꣬úддҶϡʢǳҶҶһԼоǳԺ
Ҳһֱڲ񸮣ŴʱѾԲˣв㣬ǻصԼĵطȥҶ˵
Ҳ̫ˣúϢϢϷҪΪںþ硣ʢЦ
ҶҲûƴǣ񸮳Թ緹ڼͲʢһЩҵ飬磬Ҷ׷ԼסĿջȴųϢ


 ǿ
֮ҶԼõĵصȴҲһЩţĴѰҿһ嶼ˣȻҵĹϵôǱϾڻʶ£ҲֻɳЭ
ȵʱûӰӣ뿪˾¥Լķ䣬ϣҶ׸ое㲻Ծʹǰ̽һ¡
ֻ뷨лҪ˵ˣСӣ㻹ȥ𣿡
ûгʲô飬ȥҶ˵
ûгӦǱסˣûб¶㣬ֻǻɶѡ˵
ҸҪȥˣлĻ뽫ȳΪ֪Ϊ£һ˵ҿ϶ԲҲȡж
Ҫȳɲһ׵飬ո˵δػһˣҲȦףȥҪˡѵ
ˣҪ뿪ĻϢвҵİȫҶ׵
㲻ֱɱ𣿴ɱɱѡ˵
ҶҡҡͷҴӦҪϴ󣬾ͻὫͷԺеôܲ˵ĻҾʹߣ˵ˣҲȥʱˡ
Ǻðɣȥ׼ˣһοɲһֱӽȥҪ͵͵ȥ˵
ҲԱҲȫҶʵ
С̫ˣǳܳһֹֿܾҵӳҪǴȥĻͶ𣿡
ҶԴʦѵĶԣҲˣ͵͵ȥɾΣˡҶЩˡ
ȥ֮ͿҸڽȥĹ֮鷳Խȥ֮ǰҪرע⡣
Ҷ׵ͷʱ䣬ҹ֮ʱҶĵĳˣһ£µĹģҪСܶ࣬ȴܣһһڣҶ׼û취ȥ
ӿнΨһİ취ˣֻĻҪߵҺæҶԼҲڼȫϢ֮Ҷ״Щͷ֮ϷɹĵĽĸǽ
Ĺ̻˳һ棬ҶϾͲҪץҵӣɲôģҹģ˭ЩɶǳȺӵģеĳ֡
ҶһֱڰȴŻᣬҵĵҲ࣬ܿʹһðһҴҵľȥһطȥéˣҶ׳ûķ䣬һһˣæ㵽źŻ֡
ҶûȥéǵҵӲôڷֱӿԽӵҲ˷֣ܿŲˣҵӽţҪϷŵʱҶ׳ˡ
һɾƯֱӽ˹ȥҶһʼѾ̽ʵҲǱ񾳣ͳ࣬׾پܸ㶨
ҵӦһͨĵӣˣϵװ˲ͬҵӷװҶ׽·ãԼһģŽӵ˴ϣ˯档
Ҷ׸Ͻƿ˳ȥµ죬ֻǰй۲죬·Ǵҡڣûжܣй۲Ǹط࣬ӦþǬסܿҵطһסǰɭϣҵƻͨ
Ҷ׿ɲֱӹȥˣΪֻһͨĵӣƻûеͱǰץˣʱʱܳ⡣
ҶֻٴʩչĹǱ뵽סϷֱǴݶ̽ȥ͸ݶ͸촰濴ʱͿһⲽ߻һλϣⲽ֮ǬǳϾ
Ҷ׸æ͵ǵĶԻǬ˵ʳʲôûУ
æ˵ϷѾЩԱȫץͳһʣڻûзǸܹûݵĻðһ˽ģʹץ˵ԱҲܺЩ޹ء
Ǿͽͳͳɱˣ˭֪ǲǸֵ˽Գ룬͸Ǭֱӽе
ԥһ£æ˵Ϸûǵĺã˵ֻʼʩһ˵ĻǾͿԱϳΪĵӱǹѺˣرעЩѺӵģһֺһģһ˾ץ
ǬǾͰ˵İ죬ЩѺĵӣһһʣ̿򣬲ù˼ǵ
æ˵ǣǬʵʲôж
æ˵𷣣ϷûйչҲҵԼһͬˣڲջǵĲҵûԼҲ޷赲
Ǭһ⻰ʱŭ̫ɶˣȻ֪ˣô֪ǵԼѾˣǲͨ籨ţ
æϷƲ⣬Ӧ˸ˣô˭ǵľͲ֪ˣѾû취ˣܶĲҵھȻ֮ʱѾ֪ˣҲܿ϶ϢǴ͸¶ȥġ
ǾͱˣҸҺǽа壬ǾǺȥ鳤ϺͷƳһȥңǵĲ׽ҿǻҲš
һ⻰æ˵Ϣŭʱֱ̫ˣգҪи½۹еļ嶼֪ˣʱǳֵĻҺͻ϶ǲֲܵģ֪һο϶Ҫ˲ңһ˲ҾˣǵȻԴУϣʹ鳤ϺͷƳҲȡʤ
ĳգѾ֪ˣ֮ڶѾ˵ûȻѶ˸ˣֵҲû壬ڸ׺ͼǰ˵ҵĻһҪͣȥ𣿡ǬܻĽе
ϢŭϷֻǲֱϹңǿԲȡİ취жȡҵæ
˵ʲô취ǰѾɳôˣҲǸܣʲô취Ǭʵ
Ǭ˵е㲻˼æһǶΪ⣬һϷ鳤ϺͷƳԳֱȥңǰǰҵ峤ֻܻҪץסϼһҾԶͶǣãҺͻ弴ʹĳ֣Ҳûлˡ
Ǭͷⲻ鳤ϺͷƳһǲ̫ˣǿе벽ʥߡ
ȴҡͷϷþֵǳ֣ץǲ棬ɲǱˣϷ򻹾ӦɸϷͬԸǰЭλ벽ʥץˡ


 Ǯ
ãⲻҴӦˣһټλϣϣܹͬЭԸңһξٳˣٳĻǾֻ˵һ⣬ǲҾˣǲٶʲôж
˵ǬȻƽնԲҺ޵һٶʧܣҲòоеаˣһ벽ʥҲʧܵĻԾҲģ벻ȥĶ֡
ȴЩĵ˵ȻڣλһӦûʲô⣬Ϸоλǿ֮Щִ֪᲻Ӱ죿
ģǶִ֣֪ģʹ֮еìܣҲӰ֣Ұź֮ͺһǰһҪɹҪץǸ｣£Ҫۿʲôģ
æ˵ǣϾ˳˷䣬ҶҲǸоЩȻһҪǲĻ治֪ٵвûмСӵľ޴ˡ
벽ʥߣκһλͱȵϲ棬ټҵ֣̲Ҹûа취ӮҶԷǰ֣ϸ޷ء
ҶԽԽģʱҪҪȥȳȻûб¶ȴܱ֤֮̿󲻻ᣬͬӦҪ֤İȫҶһ˵ˣȻֻһýǮˣҶҲͬ˶Դ
Ҷ׸Ϊոյ֪е˶Ѻ϶ȥҶ׵ʵѾĸҲ޷ȻҲҪİ
һ·̣Ҷ׾һƹͬķ䣬ЩͬΧܶ࣬ȴǲסģҵηֱӽ棬ҶѣðһΡ
Ҷ׷ݶݶ֮ȻûˣηݶȴҲһļ̣ûֱܹǱĿռ䣬ҶΨܴ濴ܿҵ˹Ѻķ䡣
ÿһѺҵӶռһ䣬ӦΪʷ㣬ڷ̵˵ʲôҶײҲ֪Ҫ̿
̿ǳֲ˵ģΪҪԼһҶ׺뽫Ūȥ
ܾκˣֻҪҵӷֵĻϾ֪ЩѺ֮˺йأǳ͸·һˡ
ΪҶŵļƻʩչˣΨһֻܴݶǱ룬ݶ϶ǽմ죬ʹѪҲҪŪܴĶ
ô죿ûа취ȥѽҶЩżĶ˵
ߺߣһͨηͽסˣֻһַǳͨĽʲô򲻿ġм˵ҶȴǲҵȻԴ򿪣ҲУĻҵͻֺܴĲϾͱ֣ѵĵط
ȴЦݶǽմ죬Ҳ䶼ֽģͲԽݶשǽһһĸǽܻеİɣöϵɡ
ҶԴһĵʦ㻹õʦ϶Ҳ˲ٵķӰɣľ顣
ֱӾͲˬˣСٸҺ˵˵ҾͲˡ
Ҷ׸æٺ죬Ǳ뵽ݶԵ־ͳǽȥǽټҲֻʯͷҶ׺׾ٵľͳһûзκε
ȵһ˽ʱҶһ꣬ͽ˳η
ڷ㶣Ҳ֪ʲôͻȻͿһӰŵˣҶ׵ʱɫʱϲЦտˡ
ҶٿⳣʱҲЩˣǰ漸ҵˣԱĲᣬǳϵ˿ȥôأ볣ܸ˵
ˣС᲻ء˷ܵ˵
ҶæߣС˵û°ɣ
ҡͷû£㿴ҲǺúõ𣿡
Ҷʱ͸Ǹоˣæʵôһ˶ûѽ˲Ƕ𣿡
Цϴ֪ѽС˽ͨǸ֮ˣӣСĵõ˴Ľͣеǽӣͻ¸ηĹ£ϵҶˣҷ仹Ҫȫֻǲɻѡ
Ҷһ⻰ûеڵأôȳȻûκε飬ҹı滹ҪƵģҶֻǿЦһǧð㣬֪ҲˡڻǸ߰ɣﲻȫ
Ҷ׻ߣǳȴҡҡͷ磬ҿһĺãҪҵϢﻹܸЩ鱨ҳȥ֮Ҳû̫İˣʹ粻ңСҲоûʲôôϴˣֻҪǮûа첻ɵ飬ټСԴˣ㻹ˣιȥֻ֮صߣܹռ鱨ġ
Ҷ˳ĻǺܳԾתһ룬˵ѽԼҪߣɣֻҪԼ㹻ĽӾˣֻҪǮû¡
Ҷ׾˵ǾͰ˵İˣһҪȷԼİȫǮ⣬ֻҪܱ֤İȫУٸ㼸ţãֻҪܵõõ鱨Ǯûйϵ
˵Ҷ׾ʹȡһƱÿһŶһҲǧ֮࣬ҪǰҶ˵Ҳһʾ޿ˣмڳ𣬶ЩͷֵǮһһڳԶڳ˵СǮˡ
һôĽӣ۾ŹˣȴûиҽЩƱûа취֣ܽӣæ˵磬ڲЩǮϣ㲻ñͷ־鷳ˣ㻹ǵԺҰɡ
ҶҲǣôһǮ˭ۺ죬˵ɣҽЩǮһȥľ¥㵽ʱȥȡˣһὫǸµġ
ͷǾ죬Ǿ졣Ҳ᲻ôǮѽҶҪҲϲ⡣
ԼˣҿҪ뿪һʱ䣬һʱһȥǸ¥ģҪǰȫ֮󣬾ȥ¥ңҲڣҪµ鱨Ļͽ鱨д÷ڴͷ棬ҼʹȥҲȥ鿴ġ
ҶװźúͳϵķʽҪҵһһгİǷǳãæģҳȥ֮϶ȫռ鱨ģͷĵĵϢɡ
Ҷ׵ͷٴСģ׼뿪ٴδӶҪߵʱȴѵԼƨԼɾⶴҪǱֵĻ㳣ٻǮҲסԼС


 
ҶűˣæֽЩǽϰʯͷ˶ڣԭ޼뿪ˡ
뿪ʱͲαװҵӵģҶѡһĽݾ뿪ص˿ջ
ڶ죬Ҷ׽һǧĽƱ˾¥ͷ֮ڣȻ̷أǰңʱһϲ֮УҴ󲿷ֱ̲ĲҵΪԼնҪ˻ȻԸ⣬Ҳûа취
ȵҶ׵ҵʱ򣬲ҵһ棬Ͼγһ޴Ķ齫ҶΧסӭǵӢۣҶЩ⡣
ȵǰҶ֪ô£æʲ棬˵ʵ顣
ԭ˵Ҹۡգһ뵽ľȻҶףΪڲҵӵĿУҲֻҶ飬Ȼһ㣬ǲҵȴѾӢۡ
Ҷ׶ٸоЩҵҲ˵ҲܲµɵģҲûж룬ʵҲˡ
ϲ⣬Ҷ׵ߣ֪һҶ׿϶кҪҪԼ˵ǻҲѾ۹ˣ˭֪۹ļȻ˸ۡ
ҶϾ˵ҪԲҲȡжøոո˵ĲһӾַһҪ벽ʥ֪Ҳ޷ֵˡ
ĬڿδҶҲ֪ͬСɣûжԣһᣬҶ˵СҶ˵Ǹô죿
ҶʵҲûãɲǶԸһҵӣƺþܶԸһξ취ҲδЧ
棬Ҳûܺõİ취Ӿãһɳ벽ʥߣûоԵİգΪ
ͷСҶ˵ǣһ벽ʥߣҲϷֿܵĻټ֣Ҳĸ࿹ˡ
棬ûдȥҶʵ
ҡҡͷ˵չ˭ҲһˣһֱûͻʥߣѾԽԽˣϷ򲻵򲻵Ҳˡ
ҶҲ֪һҾͿоԼúñң˵ԼҲЩ˽ˣԲ˵ġ
ǾԼ취ԸɣȻǺǿ󣬿СӦĻҲδ䡣Ҷæ
СҶ㵱Ȼ˵Ϊ飬һβͬ벽ʥ߲һǿߣ˶ȡʤģһ벽ʥ߾ͿԻɱǲǻʾĸ֣˵ˣϷʵҲֻһˣһܱ֤ȡʤûʵԿһ벽ʥߡ
ҶҲû˵֪˵ĶģԼȻЩ£ҪͰ벽ʥȣǻĺܶ࣬޷ֵϲҵæҲô׵顣
ڲָ̻򶨣Ҷ˵лСҶһôʱ鱨Ȼǲж֣÷ҲҪõö࣬˵ܹɱӦôֲϷᰲŲҵȫ׼ԸһεΣ
Ҷ׵ͷҲû̸飬Ǻúõѯһλҵ飬ǽζֳƿ죬ĵ顣
Ͳ콻̸һ֮ҳҲ׷ǰ첢ûнŶǣҲͬѾԤҶģԶǾ壬ָҶװ칦ȻǷǳ֡
֮Ҷ׷Լסæ˼죬úϢģڵû취ϢʱɳҶҲζԸҡ
Сӣˣʵﲻ˲ҵģҿ˰ɡȻ˵
Ҷһʦ˵е㲻ĵʦҲ̫׷˰ɣ⻹ûдô˵϶ʧˣһ
ȴҡҡͷһϼĶֶ򲻹ֵܵס벽ʥǰǿɶǱѵģҪǺͶԷֵĻûᣬ÷潻ֵ뷨
ҶԼҲ֪Ĺǻʾɣǻʾ۷˵ˣ˵ǰ벽ʥߡ
ȻֱӶԿİ취ҲܹеͨҶ˵
ΪСҼѽʧ˿Сֻһҿ˰ɣҲˣкܶҪƿ磬ææԼɡȰ
Ҷ׵ȷкܶҪæҶԼϢϢأȻͻǻʾãȴΪһֱûʱ޷һ̫õ󣬸Ҫ˵֮ˡ
ҶȴһβҵĻҿľˣҶæһβæĻǰеŬܰ׷ˣǬʵǿ
ٺ٣СӣʵǬʵǿҲʲôѽɱ˰ˣ｣Ҳҵˣ㱨ˡЦ
ҶȴҡͷȻҲҵˣһʼһǲģ˵ܶܣûΪҵĳ˶ɱңȻɱһҪȶԸǬ
СӣҪΪɱãʵҲѣ档ֵ
Ҳֻ˵ǵĹϵûежԵʱʱܺΪ֡
ЩεЦǺðɣڲԸԸġ
Ǿ͵ҳΪ˵ʱ˵ɣ취ûֵܹסҵĺð취Ҷʵ
Ϸʲô취Ļ벽ʥ߶ģڣһ벽ʥѾЩͷöˡҲЩε˵
ܲİ취˵м䶯֣Լ໥ɱҶ׺Ȼ˵
СӻѽɱǿǳܽĶˣһΪԷģܳ𣿡
Ҷȴ˵ΪʹɱǻɣǵҲкܴӰ죬ʦ취֮ͻǴ֡
㵹ǻ룬ֻǰ취ȴҪʦҪʦı£Ϊʦʲôİ취𣿡˵
ʦͨǻ۹ˣ϶а취ġҶæ޵
ٿҲûУʦֲңҪ취ʹͳһԼɡ˵ûС
ҶҲ֪취ôģʹʦôԼɣĥ˵ʦ˵ҪĶˣǾͻᷴĿʦ֪ϻҪʲô𣿡
ȻܹӰĶ˵ʲô߼ҩͻƵ֣и߼ﵽ챦׵ģֻﵽʽ׵ģЩǷǳںرǵһ֣ܹͻƵĵҩܹ͵߻߻ٵǾǷ񡣡


 иٶ
Ҷ˵ôæͻƵĵҩºѵõɣǶûУҪȻǲͻˡ
ߺߣС޶һ˵ĵûĵҩ֮٣Ҳܿ϶ϾûУʹĵҩǵʵûдﵽһĳ̶ȣҲ÷£Ϊûдﵽһʵûа취ͻƵģֻǿǾԲϣĽЦ
ĵҩ²һĵҩɣһˡҶ״ûмʶĵҩ벽ʥܹͻƵĵҩû
Ҳֻǻ鼶ĵҩˣϷҪжţûʲôϡġȴǴֵ˵
鼶ĵҩ㻹ϡҶеʦͽŪͽҲüʶʶ
СѰʦĿİɣʦ˵ǵ꣬ʦֻһ꣬ȥŪ鼶ĵҩ𲻸ˣҶ׺ǳ
ǾͲҪ˵ˣҪܰŪһŵҩĻҸмһӡҶЦ
СӵҲ̰ģ鼶ĵҩǰ벽ʥߺʥ̷߲ĵҩһոͻǻʾСҲҷãСİˡ
ǿɲһɱ¼ڣκεҩû⣬ҿǻ鼶ĵҩһ̷ǲ֪ǸʲôĽҵʲô𡣡Ҷ׶Ǻŵģõɱ¼֮󣬾ʹûжһҩʲôĵģֻҪ̷ģû⡣
ϷҲ֪ɱ¼ȷϷҲ֪ûޣڵûޣҪõĵҩɲף˵˾ǿҲûСʹУ㻹ܴ͵ǿǷǳΣյ顣
Ҷ׺ٺһЦֱ컹ҵǿ𣿰벽ʥҲҪ˯Ҳд˯ʱ򡣡
СӲǴǵɣȻ룬ȥ͵벽ʥߵıǵԴ顣ҡҡͷʾ֧֡
ԽջԽⲻ㳣˵һ仰ô㵹Ǻ£벽ʥ㲻˵𣿡ҶЦ
ȿȣϷǰڣ˵ˣȥˣһûʲô鼶ĵҩǲǰװ׵˷ʱ;һðΣգֵһҪԭȥǵĹϵ㻹ܽ͵ֵĵҩŵһ벽ʥϣ
ҶæҲֻǳѣôҲҪһеĻҲŹǾİ취ɡ
ǾıɣҲ˽ˣð಻ʥἸҲû̫⣬ϷҲϢϢ
ιұˣкùӳ𣿡

ڴʱһˣǰҶһæ𣿡
Ҷ׷ԸûҪ黹ǲҪæҵȷҪ˵ǹģ㣬Ǭĸۡǲյģ
Ҷ׵ͷյģôˣô˵
æЦͲµ㣬ǳĸˣת飬˵Ϊһ
Ҷȴ˵Ҳû취ְңֻðˡ
æ˵ر˵ˣһûü˼Ժҵһȫġ
ҶȻ֪｣ĽƱ磬бҪ飬ԼǬĸۡƻҪԼȥ
ǺðɣתϣʲôѵĻܳǬҪԲҶ֣׼Ҷ˵
֪Ҫʲô׼Ҳȥ˵
һҪɳ벽ʥң㿴ܲ취
벽ʥߣҲɫһ䣬æɷͬСɣ벽ʥߵʵ̫ǿˣҲֻ֪һ벽ʥڣܲܰæ˵ˡ
Ҳ֪Ѵֻ˵˵ѣȥˣе׼Ҷ׵
ͷˣҶ׵ߺ󣬾˵ﲻ｣ɳߵİ벽ʥǰ
Ҷȴҡҡͷ˰ɣ｣ǲɳߵİ벽ʥߵģΪߵҲҵˣҰ벽ʥһ棬ϾͻᱻϳҲܻԼɱ｣Ҳɵ¡
ûв࣬ԺҪԼˡǽԼʵ׳ɡ˵
ҲҪõǰ벽ʥߵĵҩѽĻҾͻҲҪˡҶֽת˰벽ʥߵĵҩ֮ϡ
˵˵ȥȥ͵ҩҶ˵ˣҪȥȥϷҲðһΣȥҵǲаɣڲѵҵǣɿˡ
ٺֻҪӦУڵȳ鱨أֻҪ鱨һϾͳҶЦ
㲻뵽ȥ͵
̫ΣˣѾȥ㲻ûᱻץģ·ֱȽϺʡҶ˵
ڵ磬ҶյӻʳǴ鱨벽ʥѾ·αװһ̼ңֱӳҸ
벻һܵģ벽ʥҲҡαװ̼ңҲ˵ǬһҪɹҪʧܡ
ҶϾͳˣ֮ǰѾ˲ϢȫԱֻһնûУһҲĻǹϵҵˡ
Ҷĵ뿪˲ңǰ·ȴαװ̼ҵҶ飬ʮ⣬Ҷڸ·Ҷ飬һȺ࣬ʮңʵȴǷǳĿ£ȻʵҶ֪ǵĵϸ벽ʥߣʮǻʾ۷壬ûһʵģҲ˵κһ˶Ҷ״򲻹Ĵڡ
Ҷ׿ҲЩͷˣҡͷ˵ϴһô죬Էʵ̫ǿˣҾץסһ»ȥˡ
ȴҪģԼ취ɣֻǴӦ㣬ûһ㡣
ҶЩûл֣ԷҲǶ˷ˣ֪Ҷ׻û֮ȫɳǿߣҶ̫ˡ
ҾٵȵȰɣҶҲֻøʱ취һֱ˲ڵĳҶҲûʲô취
ЩѾڳţû̶ԲҷǰǬּ⣬Ҫнҵĸһ򾡡
Ҷ׳ûһ㱨ԼͬʱŵĿջû뵽ԷֱӽջˣҶ׾ȥҲûа취
ֻڶһҿջϣҶǱŵĿջҵĵûа취ԸץһջСûġ
нһջСŪʹȥԼСģջҵȻֱܷ棬ֻҶеΪѵЩջĹºϰǰеԷܡ


һʮ ջ񲻴ѽ
ЩֻǶ켸䣬˵ô£ҲûмƽϣҹҪ͵ǿջĿͷ֮ڣǧѷꡣ
Ҷ׾ٵľͽ˿ͷû뵽ֱӾͽһ벽ʥߵķ䣬ǷƳϡ
ƳϴʱڷҶ÷ţ֮Ž뷿䣬СĵĽ˷ϣǷƳϲû˵ʲôҶæ뿪˷䣬ʱɫȴ쳣˷ܡ
ΪǷ֮ڷҩɲһҩƳҩ˵͵ר׼ȻҶҲ֪϶ҩٵŮˣⶼǰ飬ֻҪҩԵ벽ʥߡ
˵ҩֻҪˣ˵ǰ벽ʥߣʥߣҲùԹԵſ£ʧֻҲ˵ˣΪҶŪҪĲϣҶƵҩֻһСã벽ʥû⣬ǰ벽ʥ߾˵ˡ
ڼʹܷŵ벽ʥߣʵۿҲǿģҶ׾ѾˣĻҪɱһ벽ʥߣе̫Ƶģֻ֮·
ҶæŸҵϷˣֻǷƳһˣΪϵҩֻһ˵ķãһŲ
Ϸ˹ҶϾ͵ȴʱһĹȥŹһʱӣ˵ЧӦôﵽãھҪǷƳûбŵˡ
֮ǰȴһ飬ǾǽԼ鳤ϵģȻʵûôǿģĸ鳤û¾㱸Ҫˡ
Ҷ׼¥ˣĵĿ˷Ƴϵķ䣬ǰв̽һˣַƳ˯ҩЧǷƳˣҲҩ·Ϊƣ
Ҷ׺СĵĴ򿪷ţ˷Ƴϵķ䣬Ϣȫ䣬ǼʹҲĵϾһ벽ʥߣ˵Ӧ˯ˣҪû취֡
ǻǷϻҲô͵ıҶ˵
ɵѽͿ϶ϣԱҿѵ
Ҷ׾ԱţȻǷһСУæһ滹һâֵԲ壬Ҷ׸Ҫȥȴסˡ
һöԪȻͻʥ߼ҩȴ벽ʥߵҩֻһⱣҪĻƳϾͻᾪѡ
ôһҲǴѽȻı棬Ͳ±͵Ҷ˷ܵ˵
Ϊ㻹˭ѽǷƾǿһ㣬Ÿҽⵤҩ棬˵ҲϡҩˣҪǸ߼Ļ鵤ϧҪеĻӦϡ
ʦȥô㲻˵ʵ˵Ҷ򲻹ǳûϵıȫˣ˵һɱǲͽ˲ҵΣˡ
ߺߣҪȥԼȥˣҪң㻹룬һʱû취Ը㣬Χˣ㻹ܵˣϿ߰ɣˡæ
ҶȴҡҡͷЦʦСˣҪǲ̫ˣҲαװ鳤ϵģ
СӲ뾪ɣˣҿɲȷӳȥæȰ
һôһǳСĵģȥֻҪҵģˡ
Ҷ˵Ƿſڴ򿪷ţһֻŶˣǾʱȻ˯ڴϵķһһԻɱǻʾֵΪҶʩչɱ֮ۡ
ϧɱ벽ʥ߻̫ˣûлɱԷɱ֮۸ոǷƳѾѣʱɱ֮Ѿ䵽ǰͼһƸɱֱ֮Ƕ֮ϣȻû䴩ȴҲ÷Ƴһ󾪿֡
ֵͬʱҶѾ˷䣬ֱӴݶ
ʱǷƳѾ׷˳ǵʱѾҶ׵ӰˣڳֵһɲǿҶ׵ӣֻ鳤ϵģ
Ƴ϶ʱһŭȻоæطԼϵıϵĶصһ٣ܿ췢ԼԪȴûˡ
ƥ򣬾Ȼ͵ϮӣӸƴˡǷƳϾͷˣֱӾܵ鳤ϵķ䣬ʱҲƴʵƳʲô飿ΪҪϷ򡣡
㻹˼װģո͵ϮңҸɱˣһ͵ҵԪ㻹ϡƳܻĽе
ƣɲҪ˵˵ϷΪߵұۣϡϵԪϷ飬϶ŪˡҲǷǳ֣ôƽ鷳
ͲҪƱˣոۿ͵ҵԪѵҵ۾ܿϾͽҵԪĻϷûꡣŭȵ
ҲˣʲôݣĴʥߵĺ˻𣿼ֱǿЦҲͶЩˣñƽϾʹŭ顣
ƣٴξ㣬ҪѪˣϷûȥķ䣬Ҳûж֣ҪǸϷĻϷҲͲˡҲûдƵӣʵȷƸǿϼ֣Ȼ
ͬʱҵĳҲˣȫķ䣬ЩƽʱǬҲзˣæǰȰܣȻ׵塣
æǰ˵Ƴϣܲ鳤ǲġ
˭֪ǷƳһ⻰ϾͻˣָıӾѽƽʱϷ㲻ǹؼʱȻվ˵ǱԸϷ˵ʲôôǲϣ˵ߣ붼ˣ˸㡣
˵ȣȴǲҷΪԷǷƣ벽ʥߣߵıߣֻü˵Ƴϣҿûа˭˼ˣֻ˵϶ᣬ̸鵽׳ˣ
ǷȴֱӽƵһȥ˵û˵ķݣҽҪúõ˵
ҲʾƣҪô˵ˣѵ黹㲻ɡ
ϾͽӵϷ֪Ҫ˵һûʲôģʲôҪֶԸңҿı£ı£ЦҵձһǰɣҪΪϷʲô֪
ߺߣôԼ˵ģϷɴû˵˵ˣ㱻ҴܣͲһʲôʵ飬Ϸ˵ô㻹ܲ˵ҿߴʱ̫ˣ˷ΪԼϴˣҪ˺úõĻ㱨һ£߿ɲʲô¡


һʮһ Ŀɳ
˻һǷƸǴŭеƥҶ˴ҵС棬Ϸƴˡ
һ仰ڣЩȰܵҳŵæӳ˷䣬ǿû취ֵס벽ʥ֮ľҪǱǻǾԼùˡ
ȴЦΪҵĶ𣿽Ҿ֪Ҳ֪Ϊ˵߶㲻ܡ
ƸǴŭ˵һƾͳȥ鵱ȻҲǺãֱͬײȴһ벻Ľֱӱĳ˷䣬䵽¥ȥˡ
һ²ҲǴһҲĿɿڴˣȻʵϿܱ΢һ㣬ȴܻȵʱ򣬾ͿͨĽеƥȻҩҪıϷ֤ݡ
ԭʱƲŪԼˣʵѾĲǰˣǻʾ۷弶ôܺ齻֡
ҲǱŪͿˣϾ뵽ԲǷԼΪ϶˰еһ뵽Ͼ뵽һˣǾһֱûˡ
ʵЩŸȥȰܣæƸסˣƾ֣ҲûˣһһƽˣҲˡ
ֻϻǲŹ飬ڿ˵ΪȻҲӦ˵ǷԼԼҩȫ˳ܶǽˡ
æȰƳϣ㱻ҩˣ϶Ҫ֮ĹϵҿǻǺúô¡
Ҳ˵ǣǷƽӶˣ͵ҩһƴ¥ˣԺôǰ̧ͷȻҲʼ˹ģʲôϵͲһԸңץסῪ
ô֪ģһأϷɲһ𣬻ҪȥԸңϷͻȥҪͼɣϷҪȥͷ͵ҩ͵ϮϷ޳֮ͽ
æȥȰ裬κηƵʵҪߵľģסһת뿪˿ջǷֵˡ
ֻûعͷ¥ϵˣ˵鳤ϣڷƳˣǲǸϽȥ׷
˭֪ȴЦ߾ˣ׷Ϸ򻹵ڰʹأûһ²ңǼãһָӣȥץסǲҵ峤˹ͻûзƵķݣѵһЩ𣿡
ЩҲû˵ȻõͣͬϣԼСסȻڣûз벽ʥ߸ӵȵȻҲû˵
һҲеŭˣȵѵǲϷʵǺҲߺˣϷһҲܶԸǲңֻǹ;ûǵķˣҲǷǳʧ
µЩҲ֪ǲ˳ˣæǰ˵鳤ϣǸһҲȥԸңֻҪСĲǡ
ȴЦΪҪСģϷʵܾһУǼҵָӾˣǾȥԸҡ
Ҳû˵ǰİе㲻һǰˣֻ˭˵ʲô
ֵǶطϢɣǾжҲصԼķ䣬ֻǵ鶼Ǻܺã˭֪Ǹʲô
ʱҶѾܵ棬ҲҿǿջΪ±ֻ֣е㵣ģһ취ûеóѵĻͰæˣæҲֻǶڲңԼջġ
ȴŵʱͻȻһ˴ӿջ˳һ߻һţҶ׶һǲǷ𣿿ֵӣ֪ԼļƲ߳ɹˣҶ˷ܵĽеҳɹˣҳɹˡ
ҲЦҲֻ飬Ҳ̫ɵ˵𣬾Ȼıƭˡ
Ҷ׵ЦǣҲ˭
ȴһΪļƲҲֻǸһ뿪ѣǷͲһˣó뿪ʵҲɵģñȻҪͷϣ˭Ƕͷ
˵ǻΪҵİ취÷н뿪ģҵıѽ𣿡Ҷ׵˵
Се㱾£ҲҪ̫ˣʵͬǻԲҶֵġ
Ҫֲ˲ٰɣҲ̫£ҿǷһ뿪ˣǲǸøȥ
СӲỹڴɣҲû뵽Ҷ׻˵
ʦôԽԽСˣһǿߣǰ벽ʥǰǾѽȥô˵ˣʵڲѾֻǻʾ۷˵һлὫ¡
ȥɣڵʵҪܣʹֻǻʾ۷ʵҲҪǿܶ࣬㲻Ķ֡Ͼʹ
ҪԪô˵ͻƵǻʾɣĻܶԸˡҶ׺Ȼ˵
Ҳֻ룬Ͳ¶кǿǻʾ۷ܷõģҪˡûзԣҲûдӦ
İʦҵӲأԪǻʾ۷õ𣿻ǻʾ֮ѽӦûʲô⣬Ҿͽ¡
ҶȡԪɱ¼֣ܿͳ˼֣
ԪƷҩ
ҩЧˡ
ֵ180㡣
ֵ18㡣
һֻܶһֵͲֵһ֡
Ҷ׿ʱ۾ֱˣһٰʮľֵѽɱǻʾɼܵõģҪͻƵǻʾҪһľֵԼѾӵ˶ʮ㣬ͻǻʾѾ㹻ˣһһľֵˡ
ʦԪôôȻһٰʮľֵҶ˷ܵ˵
벽ʥĵҩҩЧö˵ҲˣӦòȫգͻƵǻʾɣҩЧᴢڣһͻô˵
Ҷϲ⣬˵ͽԪӵֻ֮оһȣ￪ʼһ㣬ҶѾϰˣȴԼͻƵʱ
ԽԽǿҶ׵Ҳı仯оԼ忪ʼƯԼûʲô֧ţʱҲΧϢȫˣҶȫͻơ
һӿֱӴĸǾԪҶϾͷ֫ѾǳϤˣӵɱ¼ڱԼ壬ֻҪúԪԼı仯


һʮ ͻǻʾ
˲䣬Ҷ׵ͬǱŷĻɽȫڷڣͬȼգһɹԴԴϵĴĸӿֻоԼĴԳֳһԱ֮УͬʱԽԽǿԽԽңգһֱӳԭȵһǿ⽫ȫҶ׵͸һ㡣
ĽʧҶҲǿĴ̼֮˹һŻ£ǰȫͣ
ҳɹˣҶϲھӿĻɽʱܱͻƵıֻ֣Ǻȹ̣ԲŻᴦʱܱ״̬
ʦҳɹˣҿȥԸǷˡҶ˷ܵ˵
Ҳ̬ͻƸоԾȻѾϰҶ̬ͻˣǻǱסˣɱ¼ȷǿ󷨱»Ծȥ
Ȼܹʵȥ֣ǻǲܱ֤һܻɱ㻹ҪСĵ㡣˵
ʦͲõˣҲܣҲѽܺͰ벽ʥ߶֣ɱһǻʾ۷ĶӦûʲô⡣
ΪʱͬʱֻǵֵмɣҪɱһѹʵİ벽ʥҲ׵飬ԼŰ졣
ҶЦǾȥ׷ƣҪȥˡ
Ҷײ÷ˣæͳܵķ׷ȥ
ͬʱǷһ·ϻǷ߷߲ƽ飬Ϊĵǰ˺ܶӴȥһλҪһսȻˬ
ϲģʵ벽ʥʵϷһҪܣҲ֪˻ܵʹࡣ
ʱʵֻǰ벽ʥߵ۷ʵȴѾﵽ˰벽ʥʵҲֻ˵ˡ
˵ʱȻо˵ϢһϾתͷȥźڰеӰе˭ϷĻϷ򲻿ˡ
ҶŴӺڰ˳ڷƵǰɫһ䣬ȻʶҶףȴܹǲǸصˡ
ǲҵǸˣҲǷǳԾʵ
Ҷ׵ͷЦǣƳҪȥѽææĺ񻹲̫ˡ
Ͼ͸оҶ׵ĵ⣬˵СӣȻϷ⣬ǲ֪ˣϷץȥҲ֪ҷƵץȥһһ̬ˣ͸ùˡ
ҶȴЦ˵ǸһǸ벽ʥ߰ɣǱ˰ɣǲǻΪ͵ĵҩ
Ͼˣѵ㣿Ľе
Ҫң㻹ΪǸ͵ĵҩ𣿿Ǹ߿ˡҶЦ
Ϸ֪ڰеϷ򲢲˵ѣϷͿˣֻû뵽Ȼ㣬ãϷץȥ
ûʵҶ׺η
СӣϵҩҲµİɣϷҲò㼸֣ܸϷҩǵһϷˣ㲻ǻʾڵʵôܻ쵽ϷķҩôģҲЩţҶһֱǷǳĺ档
ҶȴƵ˵ʲô˵ǸҩˣǻҲںͲ潻ֵʱ֪˭ڴǲĲ棬ұ仯ġ
˵˵ƾ㣬ܺҽ֣ǲǸϼһﻹ˭С޶ҪΪԼеҡײƭڡƸͲĻôܣȫʵڣԸҶ˻Ҫ
ҶҲЩε˵˵Ҳţûа취ˣܹʶѱɡҶ״ȡһѱǷһѱ۾ֱˣⲻߵǱ
ҵ鱦ôƲԼ۾æе
Ҷ˵Ҿ㽻ֵˣôţҪȻıôҵˣһ֪鱦֪ˡҶסѱڷƵǰˣ˼¡
·ҲЩҶ׵ĻˣҪԼıôǲٴҲ̫ܽı͸ɣ÷ҲץסҶ׵ˣһβҪ빦Ҫ𣬶ر
СӣлˣҪȻ治֪ϣ͸ˣϷеıԼϷͲˡһ˷ܣ֪ҶױҪ˷ܡ
ʵѾǰˣôаץңͲɱ㣿Ҷ׷ʵ
÷ƶеɵˣһҶ׽֣ѾˣǷƻǲţҶôǿ
Сӣһǲ㻹˵ϼһδزὫ͸㣬ϷͲˣʵܴĹϷϷı
ҶֻҡҡͷűЦǾֻʵϼˣϻвٵıɣɱ㣬һʵܵõǷǳ
ƾ㣬ǴǷͳҶԼ벽ʥߵʵûнҶ׷
Ҷ׿ֱɱȴЦ㻹Ϊǰ벽ʥߣһ
ӳֱ£ǷŸоҶ׵ʵͬСɣĳһ֮弱ٺˡ
һƵҲҪǻʾ۷ǿڷƿҶûκε⣬Խֱɱ
ҶȻ֪һƵӵŽ׵ı벽ʥ߶ûа취ֻǻʾʵ͸÷ˡ
Ҷ׵һýֵԷĹȻĻΪݣǲȫ϶׵ڷһƹʱ˶ܵĶ
ֻܿͬʱ鱦ҲͬʱһƹȥƷɨûϣĽͬԷ㿪
ʱҲҴˣȡԼͬһѱֻıȼͱȲԭ鱦ˣ鱦ǵ׼Ʒǰ챦ˣѱֻǵ׸߼ѣ˲١
ԼʵֲϵĲ࣬Ҷ׵ʵǲܷӳ鱦ġ
ӴһѱҲܲӣǽҾͽҲһˡҶ׻ƤЦ˵
÷ɫѿˣеСӣҪҪץȥĻϷһɱ㣬ץȥϷҲùģҪ
ǾͿ˭˭İȳһҶ𱦽ͳɱ˹ȥ
鱦Ҷ׵Ŀ֮ѾµͷţҶĽǿѾѪҶ׸ոͻǻʾɣʵǿ˼˵ڵҶѾǰˣǻʾ۷֣Ҳûκεľ¡


һʮ 
鱦޴󣬱ҶͷųʱƾˣһӾͳԽǻʾɣֱӴﵽǻʾ۷״̬öַƴһæűȫԿ
֪һʵ˵˵ģѱͬʱͷţͬһս㣬ǹ⣬ͬõǳռ䶼⼱ٵ绮ƣΧ˲
˲˫ѾغϹȥҶ鱦Ȼûսʤ֣ȴѶִ˸ֲǷԽսԽ⣬ֵʵԶ򵥡
ʮغϹȥ˫ûռκεıˣҶԽսԽ£ΪһĺͰ벽ʥ߽Ȼֻһѹ˵İ벽ʥߣҲǰ벽ʥߣȫͬ
ǷȴԽսԽǵģ֪Ҷ׵жʮغѾЩӦӲϾˣƳһ϶սһȫ򣬺Ҷ׶ţҪŪСһﵽʲôͷ
СȻӣϷСˣʵ¾ǵ֮ļ塣Ƴ˵
㲻Ѿ֪𣿻ҪҸҶҲʱȶһԼսո̫˷ܣе㸡ꡣ
֪˵°ɣϷȴţǰϷ򲻻ỳɣڣʵѾﵽǻʾ۷壬ȣ㲻ܻ｣£｣Ҳû츳϶ĵӡƼе˵
ͲȥɣµʲôʲôҲˡҶûлش⣬в
С޶Ҫ̫ţȻϷѹʵǶԸ㻹Ǵ´ģֻϷеϧˣҪǱϷץȥ϶·һ
ǾͿû£ҶûиϻҪƣ˭֪ûҵ׷
㳢ҷƵʵҲҪҶ׾ˣ֪ԼʹԼǿѽҶ׻ܡ
֮ͼеıųһֱȻףڰ֮кһǿ֧ţֱ£Ҷ׵ͷ­
ʲôҶеƣҲûд⣬ʩչ
նһⱬ֮ͻȻһߣҶû뵽ϸһǽߣǽѪͬǣȻǽɫġ
鱦ҪѪѪǿҲֹɣҶ׷ųֱӾǵĽצֱӾͳǵץȥ
ȻµĹʽҶ׶Щ⣬벻Լ˸߼ȻܹݻͽˣǰѪģѪֻͷ
צֱӽǵץס˲ͽ˺ѣԷѾҪʧȥ˹ǾʱǵȻҶ׵ĽϮͬһɫҪס
ϼһĹȻҲһˣҺ鱦ҪȻ⻹ҪԿˣܿ죬ǵѾסҶֻȫնͼɫϣͷڻצȫϣƴ˺ҧŶԷ
һ˫ȫڰ֮γ˶ŵ״̬ǷҲЩҧˣľ޴ƻͳĽѾסˣܹǿֵ֧סֻҪƣҶ׾ֵˡ
ҶҲƴѣǶԷĽ̫ǿһϵסԼ壬նȻסеջˣһɡ
ҶһǿЩͳһصɶԶԷ˲ȫһǿ嶼ܹγһ־޴ǽɫ⣬ʼǵƴպ
һ·Ͼ͸оԼ·ҪһǿˣһæųǿȥǾʱǽںȻ򿪣ֵĲһȥεĽȫֱɣϾͳΪ˶ϽأΪò֧ţ˲ҲҶ׵Ľˡ
Ͼʹӱ֮ӵǿҶ׸ʱ䣬ķƣƾٽʹ̣ǽȴһھͽıҧסȫҪѣǽľˣûиκεĻᡣ
աҶ׾ȻԼ֮ԴҪķڵչ
һðյľٶΪɹĻᱻԷգҶ׾һεսѾ֪ԼʵͶԷʵԱˣкܴİܹɹ
ѣȻ͸оͷ֮ʱһǿֱӾͽбգҪڵˣƴ󾪣æ赲ʵܹʱֵסҶľ޴
ҿֶܼãɱ֮۸ɱҶٴαԼһǿ˫֮еĵֻ۾ڴ򿪣һɫĹâֱâǰͷǿ˲ɱƵǰϵʱҶ׻ܷųǿĹֻǸæųԼķƴ򿪣ǻǱɱ֮ǿ䴩ֱӾ䵽֮ϡ
ɱ֮۲ûжԷʲô̫˺Ϊϻһףֵܹס벽ʥµĹǼʹҲܵ˺ܴӰ죬ĶϾͳ⣬ǽľ޴һӾͽ˺ܶ࣬ʧɫæٴȫмܡ
ֿҿֿܵãɱ֮ɱһµɱۣ֮ǷƿѾŵòˣæƵֵǻһεĽһϵĿ׾Ȼһ嶼սˣһα˲١
ȥûлˣҲǼﲻ֪Ǻãǽıһҧַſǰѱ弱ٳȥ
ûôףҶҲ˲׷˹ȥ˵ƵٶѾǳˣѹʵһǻʾ۷׷ģǽʵ̫̬ˣȻܹ׷ˡ
Сӣ̫̬ˣϷûʲôԩΪҪݺϷ򡣡ҲǼˣܱ仹Ҷ׷֡
˭ԲҶ֣˭ҵı˭ˣ㵹ùҶ׻һ˵꣬鱦ٴһǿֱӾ˷ƵǰҪǰһĻ϶Ҫ롣
ƣҲһǿߣʵڰ벽ʥ߼𣬿ǽ챻ҩѹʵֻñҶС׷ĵܣǳǱ
ϷƴˡƺȻһתһŽ⳯Ҷ
ʲô⣬ǿӣҶ׸æñֿıոմеܡ
ѾˣǵһըҶҲǿĳԶΧըǧ׿⣬ͬһ㣬ĵϣһʮ״ӡ


һʮ ɱ벽ʥ
ʲôȻҶױˤùǺֱӵڵأڵ϶Źҳһˡ
Ƿ͸֮γɵһǿıҪƴΪ⾫֮һ͸֧Ļɾ޴Ӱ죬޷ָ
ԭʵȻô˵ұըôҡҶ׽е
ҲвҪн׵Ļ֪ʲôᱻըķѡ
ҿôҺбѽãǼһˡҶ׸æӵֳԷ׷ȥ
ȻըһΣҶȴû̫ܵӰ죬෴ǽȫˣٶȸǾˣ෴ǷƱ͸֧˾֮ʵǴǰˣٶȾ½˲٣ԭΪ͸֧⾫֮ԽҶըûôˣҸû˵ʲôҪ׷ɱ
ֻٴƴ룬ǺֱܿҶ׸׷ˣһҶҲ׼ֹٴα֪֮⾫֮ɲ͸֧͸֧ģԷڵʵ͸֧һѾˡ
СӣսپҩĹЧѾ쵽ˣʱӶˡȻѵ
ҶһﻹǸ벽ʥߣֻҪָʵԼĶ֣Ҷ׸æҵĹ鱦ڷƵԴϾһֱǷƵϣҪǷƵĵӺ񣬿ͱɲ֪ٶˡ
ɾƵҲ˺ü⼸ֱ˷ϵķף˺ۣƳԲĹֻǱսˣȴԼʵָ
ǵȲˣҶûиʱ䣬ȫֱָӽ鱦ڣһ˲䣬󵽼ʮ׳ɫһ״֣ΪǿͷޱȵȻֻۡ
һµķ֣˵Ҷ׵һα˸ǿѾγɵĽΪһԵĹޣһֻĹʽӵǻۣ֪ιԷҪ˵Ŀơ
ѾҪǰ벽ʥ߲ĹҶ׿ʵ鱦Ǽǿֻǰ벽ʥ߲ӵеܹҲˡ
޴ĽֱӳɶһͷѾܽȫɣҶҲ飬ſھȥǷƴĵֿųǵǽĿϾʧ٣ֻĿŽȫɡ
֮ǳֳĻԻͣ˿ĶۣͬʱѾʼ˷ƵյԽԽ࣬ǽҲԽԽԽԽҶ׾Ȼ˽ɫʵԵƬǰõǲһˣѵܱĽɣ
Ҷе㿴ɵˣʱæ˵ʦûɽ֮ôһˡ
ٺһЦСǻʾʵȻܹϷӵزɣϷﵽһܱʵ幥Ǿ˵ԺĽӵĿ¡
ҶױĻ˵һæʵҪǱˣǲǻһô
ȴЦȻԱʵʣվǳΪһһֹʽֻӵܵʵ幥ܲı֮ڣһı͸ǿˡ
ԭ鱦ҪҵҲﲻľ硣
˵Ҳǣ鱦ǰ챦Ȼܴ󣬲Ҳ̫⣬Ժ㻹õ߼ıǸʱΪʦᷢӳǿ
ǿǸжǿѽʥ߶ܰɣҶ׸æʵ
СҲ̫СΪʦˣΪʦɱʥ۷֣Ǹ߼ϷҲֹֻǺܺðˣɱһʥǲǷַӵ飬ֻҪܽӳȫ¾ʥĿ쾳ôϷ򶼲֪жǿ
Ҷ׳ԾʱǷҲȫǷƵ˳ȥʱĽȫһĽղͣ߮Ҷ׸æ뽫ջأȴֹȲҪջڰǷڵ֮ˡ
ҶϲԽԽˣɣܰʡԼˣãֹͣ߮صҶ׵ǰҶ˲ͽ˱ڣ鱦Ͼͷһ֮һ֮ǰӵҫۡ
ˣɱһ벽ʥߣȻֻǱѹʵӦõõĺôҲ٣ֶ˶پֵˡ
Ҷ׸æ鿴ŷ֣һɱƣȻһһľֵǰԪʣµһֵͻǻʾ۷ֵѾֻһˡ
Ҷ˵һ޴ϲãֻҪɱһʵ֣ͻƵǻʾ۷ˡ
Ҳ֪һΪѹʵȻǰ벽ʥߣԵõľֵ϶Ҫһǻʾ۷֣ɱһǻʾ۷弶ĸֻУҪɱܴﵽͻǻʾ۷ļ
ڵʵĻкܶĻҶ˷ܵ˵ʦͽҪͻˡ
Ҳǵͷһðֵˣɱһƣǻʾ۷ֽһˣȥ·ûʲô
һѣҶ׸æͳ嵽ǷƵǰʱѾǾȫޣֻʣһˣѾ죬ֻǺݺݵĶҶףȴˡ
ϼһʲôóɣҲһһҶʵ
ǷҲһǿߣԼȻᱻһСһˣвʵ˵Ϸϵıһõ
㲻Ҳ𣿡ҶҲˣֱӾ˹ȥܿͷһͳһһöɽ䣬ܲӡ
öɽȻûϷĸ߼Ҳǲˣ϶Щ˵
ھʹ򿪿Ҷ׾ԼɽһʶҪöɽ䣬ʶոһ룬ͱһϻ˵ľ
СҲ̫˰ɣɽһ㶼֮Ҫʶܴ򿪡æ˵
㿴Ҹ˵İˣھͽͷľӡȥҶæͷųԼľҪȥԷӡûгɹǱԷľ˻ȥ
ľӡȻܽҵϳô죿Ҷеûа취æ
ʱǷҲǵ˵СӣΪ㱾¾ܴҵɽϷõӡӡ򿪣ȥɡ


һʮ ׷ɱ
Ҷױ˵Ļˣһȭʹ˹ȥû뵽ԷѾʧһȭȻֱӽǷƸķۣҶҲеɵˣǷ۵ķ˵ôôûãûʵˡ
ҶҲֻ취ˣʦô죿Ҵ򲻿⡣
Ҳ˵ʱ򲻿ϰɣԺʱĴ򿪾ǣﲻǴĵط㻹ǸϽ뿪ɡ
ҶҲֻɽ䣬˿ιȥķ˵ʦϼһô죿
Ѿûˣͽɡ
Ҷ׺Ȼ뵽һ취˵ʦҪǬ֪Ʊɱ˻ʲô뷨
ʲô뷨϶Ҫˡ˵
ҪΪɵģֻôҶЦ
Сʲôˣ뽫ӵͷ𣿡ҲЩԾʵ
ΪβأҿͷǳĻҲûԸˡҶ׺ǵ˵
Ǭţʲô취ŷɱءʵ
ʦѽں齻֮űɱģ϶ǵһˣҪѣǬҲЩɡ
СӺݣ»ǲǬš˵
а취Ҷ׺ȻȥǷƵץסڵд֣Ȼǡ顣
Сӣ취޻飬ô֪
ҶЦͲҲˣҵӺܿͻԼҷƵģǲһλǿͻȻʧģֻҪȥǷַƾᡣ
Ϸ򲻵òСԽԽˣ߰ɣǺܿͻġЦ
Ҷæʰһ£뿪ֳĿջ֮ʱջûʲôƵȥƺûʲôӰ졣
ֻһλ벽ʥߣڲҵвѾһˣҶϾͽϢ˲Ҹϲ⣬ǳġ
ڶ죬ҶױúϢϢȴҵӴҴææ뿪˿ջæȥΪҵҪңû뵽Ǵһȥⷽͷƽֵķ
һҶǳ׵ķˣǿ϶Ƿ˷ƣȥֳҶҲȥȻһ˷Ƶµĵط
һغҲǴһҡͷһλ벽ʥ߾ˣ˵һСĴȻͷ֮ìܣǱϾһϵģƵȻС
˭˭ɱʵ
ԱߵȴǽͰ͵˵鳤ϣ㿴
ͿƵд֣ϸһȻд֣Ǿ㵲ѣæе˭ݺϷб¸ҳϷҪʬΡ
Χûһ˸˵Ϊ֪ʱ˭Ҫ˵һ仰ܶҪԴģ鿴˿ΧϾͽе˵ǲݺϷ򣿡
Щϻ˵ͷȴʲôֵϷһҪץǸݺϷĻ쵰Ƕȥ飬˭
Ǿʱȴǰ˵鳤ϣѾ֪˷ƳҪ̷ء
أΪʲôҪأϷûжԲҶ֣ûץǸݺϷˣΪʲôҪҷأѵҲ𣿡ҲЩ£ͬʱǷǳķŭ
ᱩŭæ˵˼˼ǵʵûа취Ըңлȥ
ЦϷǲʲôǶҴ񣬽Ǿȥ˲ҡȵ
˭ҲûлشĻΪǶֻĻģƳϵйأҸˡ
ʲô˼ѵҪϷһȥ𣿡ŭ
ֻȥ˵鳤ϣ˼˭Υ鳤ϻȥһˣ˵ˣϣ֪ͷƳ֮䷢飬鳤Ϸء
ĻǱǬ̬ˣ鳤ҲֻˣƳǺǬһʮˣ˭˭ᣬǬȻƵǬҲһСĴ
ĻңϷҲֻȥ˵ˣϷûг֣ô鷳ҲѾģϷʲôǻȥ˵˵ϷصὫеģϷͲȥˡ
˵һת뿪ˣ뿪Щҳ϶֪Ǻã˭ȥסǲҪˣ˼Ѿ˵ˣǬҲûзһ»ȥҪ˵ǬĻˡ
ȵ뿪ҳϾͶʵϣô죿
ҿЦǻô죿Ƴϵʬȥҽԭԭĸɡ
Ҳ׷׵ͷʱû˻ȥҵģǿһһߣЩС޻ʲôãǻҪֹ˵Χ
ʮλֻǴŷƵʬ巵ңҲ뿪֮Ҷ˿ĵ˵û뵽ҾȻܽ벽ʥŪôңʦͽǲǺ
СҲֻɣҪ㼸γֵĻǿûˡ
ǵȻڲҵΣҲôظúõĻȥϢϢˡ
Ҷת뿪ǵתʱͽеã㱻ˣһֱڲ̽ܡ
ҶһʱһæͳȥķɱͬʱһӰٵĳǸո뿪顣
ԭ鲢û뿪ϵ鿪ʼҲǷǳ뿪ǵһ·ʱͻȻоԣΪож˷֣ı⣬ٴηأ鿴ΧĶ
ҲΪʲôտʼΪ뿪ԭΪһʼ뿪ˣŷصģҶ׻жξʱͷ쳣æҶ뿪
ֻǶԷʵ̫ǿˣҶҪҲô׵飬ƴӣ֮ľ뻹ԽԽҺֵ磬ҪȻҶͱ׷ˡ
֪ˣҾͲˣ֪Ҫٶ͵ҪȻҲܵˡҶ׽е
Ժõ˵ɣ㻹ǸϽܰɣҪ׷ˡ˵
ҶֻƴķɱٶѾﵽһǻʾ֮ٶȣҪԵһλ벽ʥߣ˫ʵĲҲ֮ٶȵĲࡣ
Ƭ̵ķɱ֮Ҷ׻ûܵĹ飬סȥ·ҶҲֻͣǿĶ֡
Сӣѵɱ˷ƣ鿴ǰֻжʮ겻˵ʱҲǷǳĳԾҲǺһ͵ĸְɡ


һʮ Ҹƴ
ҶܵģܵǱһΣǻûܹ飬Щˬ˵ôܵĻ죬һ
ЩˣȻһĲ죬ʵѵǿǸҵˣץҵɱֵˣ
ҶǵͷӣȫɣǣһҲӸɵģʲô𣿡
˲ˣȻЦ벻ѽ벻ϷȻһСһˣϷǲˣǷƾȻǱˣϷǲţʲôɱ˷Ƶġ
ҶҲǴˣ˵ʲôԵģȹ²һҲɱ㣬𣿡
ڳԵСӣȻ˵Ĵ󻰣˵㱳ĸ֣ǲǲԳֵģȵ
鵽ʱǲǰСһɱ˷ƣֻ϶ǲԳ֣Ҷ׺Ȼ뵽һ취æٺЦɱԼͲҳϾҪɱˡ
ɫȻ䣬æΧȥϸĲ̽ȴûзκεϢЦ㵱СǸͲֻһˣϷץСһȥң֪ϷǱݺġ
Ҫץңûôףץ˵ɡҶż˵
ҿ㻹ܴҵϷˣ־ܰɡ̳Ҷ׳˹ȥӰͬ˲Ҷ׵ǰ
ҶȻٶʵ̫ˣӦʱ򣬶ԷѾĸǰֱץĲӡ
ҶǵһĶ֣ųҺʱˣһǿֱӴҶ׵ֱУֻоԼǱһֿµˣûκεķӦĹȻʱʧЧ
СӿܡʱҶ״е
Ҷ׸Ͻ˲Ļ룬ԶͬʱҲȫ˹ٴҶ׷˹ȥ
ʦոһѽΪʲôһᣬҲһɱҶ׽е
ΪΪʦһֱ𣿸ոҪ⣬嶼ڶ㷢ΪʦҲѽʱѹƣ˵ɱǰѾǺܲˡ
Ҷٴƴܣٶʼջܲ飬һ鲢û̷ΪҲ£ոһɲǾǳ𾪣Ǿûǿ깥
Ҷֱסˣȴûж֣ǷǳʵСӣոʹʲôȻܹϷ򶼳˲Դ⡣
ҵıôܸ㣬ɲҪĻιȥһοɲһˣһһ㷢ʱɱ㡣Ҷ׽е
Сƭ˭ոҪɱҸոͶֻ֣˵깥ûǿزҺϷҪǻ˱ˣĵˣеɱǷˣһкܶܣϷҲŽץȥˣϷҪϵȫ֪
ΰɣ붯ңһĺܲҵġҶ׼ȴڶ˵Ҫô죿ʲô취ѽ
ȴ㼸°ɣн׻̫⣬ҲԺսкô
Ҷ׽е㻹ҵʦҪҪҺúõĻţ
ȸһҲûʲô̫ΣգʵڲеĻͶ㵽ȥˡǸҶ׳⣬ҶĲࡣ
ڴʱѾһбǰ÷ⱻҶٴ깥һҶƫƫûǰж鱦һǹҲǸϽܡ
ȵҶеıɫҲٴα仯˵ѱǷƵģ
Ҷ׵ĵͷ۹⻹ϼһıѾҵˡ
СӣȻ˷Ƶı֮ˣɱ˷Ƶ㣬ãҾͽݺҵ˴ȥʡ
ед󣬵ڻûʹʵǲɱҶףҪҶڣһʩչѱ֤Ҷ׵ȻҲԼģҶȴ롣
һȭû˫ȭȴӵһȭֱӺͬǾϮȭӰȻֱӻûһͷ͵ľޣſھҪҶû
㡣Ҷ׾𱦽ͳǾ鱦ٴαһֱͷ֮ϣ޾ȻǱĳѺۣҶ뽫ȴҲû޵˿ѸٵĻָٴγϮ
ȭͷȻûҵıҶҲһ֪˰벽ʥߵʵæû˺󣬱ٴһβΣ£Ǿ޾ȻҲһѣһϵģȻҶ׸ˡ
СӣȻܻҵȭֻȭͨ㿴ȭ
ٴʩչȭֻѾǳµ޻ӰʱͱĸӵǿȻҲʵһ㣬ëȻûɹһֿµĹ
Ҷٴ鱦Ҳ鱦Ĺˣһ鱦ǽԼȫˣȫͷš
һʱҶ׵鱦ûһ޴ĽȫͷųһߵϢһ޲ӵеϢʱͽǾ޵Ƹѹȥ
ǾҲоĿ£Ӱ˶ݵĲϾרעԼľ񣬽¼ǿǾ޾ûٴξ£ֱ˿еĽ
ҧҧҶҲŭˣ޴ĽſھͳԷҧȥͬʱֱɨ޵壬˫ÿ˺ҧԷһӴγ˻˺ҧľ棬ӵ֧ŵĽȻû·磬ں;޵Ľɱ֮лռһƣҲǴһ
ǿĹһһһ»Ҫ߼ǿҪûǿʵ֧ŵĻҪ·ġ
СʵˣǷҲǲԩˡҪ䵽Ϸֻһʵ뽫£û뵽Ȼֵܵסҿð˲ʵܲܽ¡
Ƶľ޺Ȼ˲һͷޱȵޣѸٵı󣬶Ҳʵһ޺Ǿ޵ǿϾͽѹȥ
ҸƴˡҶʹȫʵǽҲӵ˼µ״̬ͷѾ̩ɽѹĳ£ŬĿסԷĳͷ޵ʵ̫ǿˣҲ޷ֱֿӱķ˳ȥ˲ʧ
٣Ҷ׵Ҳ˺ܴĲѪӿҺѹƣûˣʹʵҲСˡ
ǿĹ治ǰ벽ʥߣҺͰ벽ʥ߻кܴĲģҶ


һʮ ʦͽֹ
Сܿסİ˲ʵĹѾǳˣѵɣĽҲˣٽȥĻ˵ģԷҲʹԼǸʱ¾ͷǳΣˣȻֵܵס벽ʥߵĹԷǿĻҲס㻹ǸϽɡ
ҶĻҲ÷ǳе棬ое㲻˾ΪѽҶ׻ое㲻˼
Сӣ㲻ỹɣٴĻ϶ҪԿġѵ
ԵӦûʲôɣҶҲûа취ߣֻܱѣһûļƻҶ˵
ˣˣǻʾɾȻҺͰ벽ʥ߽ȻˣȥɣϷҲһѡ˵
˵ҶҲоеˣΪ֪ʵҲʵģ϶Ҫǰǿܶˡ
ʦͽԸҶ˷ܵĽе
鱾ΪҶףҶ׿϶˵أҲҪкصˣûмų֣û뵽Ҷվһȴûе¡
СӣȻûе£ֻܼҼιЦ
ϼһǰ벽ʥʲô˲ģ㲻ǻûһһ벽ʥߣǻʾɵĶ־Ȼʲôֵø˵ġҶ׺˵
鱻˵Ļ޹⣬ҪƽʱǻʾǾǲһָ˷ʱ䣬ǽȴһǻʾɵĶִʹԼǿûܽһǳĳ衣
СӣеϷҲܺȣܼչȥĻδԶԶϷﵽʥߵļ𣬿ϧϷԺûˡ
ҲҶ׽ǿʮʹﵽ˵ĸ߶ȣΪһʥǷǳ׵飬ǿ֮Ҫ걻Լ˺飬ٻعͷɱǳĶˡ
Ҳûˣ벽ʥߵжҶ׽𣬽ٴγ֣һҪƴ򲻹ҲҪҧһ
СǲðɣϷͳȫ㣬һϷʩչȫ㣬㻹Ļ󡣡
ҲҶȥˣȥȫڶһּˣҺûڣڵĻˡ
ɱҶ״һٴγԷʩչ˾ȫһͷɽһľ޳Ҷ׵ǰĽȻѾǷǳĴˣͷɽһľǰԵСˡ
Ǿ޳ŽʹһһѾǰĺˣǿֱӴӾ޵ĿǽȻһ޺ֱӸķɳʮ׿⡣
ô򣬻û־ͱԷˣҶҲʱоѹѽԷʵ̫ǿˣǿе㲻֪ζԸˡ
Һһ̣Ǿ𣬾ҶЩŵʱ˵ڲҪָˣ彻ָӣս
ҶϾͽеĿȫͽƣ漴ͷųһǿע⵽鱦֮ϣ˲䣬ǱĽϾȻҲǿ˺ܶ࣬ɫҲӵҫۣ֮һرϢϢγɵģһɾ־µġ
Ǿ޺Ҳо˽ıǿرӵеǿٴЩ΢΢쳣û͵𹥻Ǳǿ壬ʱѾΪǿֱָӽǾ˹ȥ
ҲȻܵɿµȫԿ϶Բһӵеǿʵӵӵеķ룬Ȼֵܵģȴǰ벽ʥߣֻʥ򾳽ӵǿϢ
ѵСϻʲôǿķܹͷųǿϢַĵȼѾģ˼亱뵽Ҳ𾪲ѣҲҶһµʶԲֹ｣һ£пһĵӣԲ֮¡
һʮӣӵʥ򾳽ķһܹƺͷţֱǲ˼飬𾪻𾪣û뵽ǣҶϻһ꣬Ҷ׵ơ
䣬ڿ漴Ǿ޳һĻζͬʱĺȴںս˿ûõ˼޵Ȼǿ󣬼ļǽȴܹȫֵסҽܴ֮˺ҧһ
ɲʲôԼľ޺ǱѹˣʵӦóԷŶԣϿµһֱܹѹסָӵҲܵɿµԿ϶ʥ򾳵ǿ߲ӵе
ֻȫԸǾ֧֮Ѿڰ֮Ŭ˻սǽȴžӴһһε˺ѿӣں޼᲻ݵǿַ˺ҧ֮£ȻһɹǾʼΧɢǾ˵ı־
ĽϷû취ˣ޵Ĺȫܻ˽ýλ壬һ¾ҲˣˣԼĹ˲˶ԷҸ㲻ԼҪܵ˺
ǲˣҲʼȭͷҶµ뷨Ѿò˼ĽˣȭѾﵽһ־˵ľ磬˵ǰ벽ʥߺڵʵҲܽսǾȻһСƨò£ķš
աҪǾ޵ȫջأǾڴʱȴָҶͷųһǿķ̣һԲͼ˲γɣľ޴޻Ӱͷһǿ
һҲоеԲˣҶ׵̵ˣȻ޶һǿϽȫջԼųȴ֮ϵɡ
һĻʱҶҲо˼飬˵̵Ȼ޴󣬿Ϊʵޣûа취ɺǿĶȻѾͻǻʾɣΪոͻƣܲɰ벽ʥߣϻǺ벽ʥȻǻʾ۷ֻһ̨ףȴһ޴ĺ蹵׶εĵȼȵġ


һʮ թǿ
һĻʱҶҲо˼飬˵̵Ȼ޴󣬿Ϊʵޣûа취ɺǿĶȻѾͻǻʾɣΪոͻƣܲɰ벽ʥߣϻǺ벽ʥȻǻʾ۷ֻһ̨ףȴһ޴ĺ蹵׶εĵȼȵġ
˵ǻʾͻƵǻʾ۷壬ǻʾ۷ͻƵ벽ʥߣȫһǰֻһСĽ׶ͻƣȴһľͻƣʵǲᲢۡ
Ҷ׻ɰ벽ʥҲĵطҶ׺ܿˣΪڲսսԼڵͻƣ벽ʥߵпġ
޵ĻӰѾ̸סǲԸ֣ҪǱ̸ǿʵضܴܵӰ졣
˫ڰ֮ž޵ӰڣǾ޶Щ޷֣ȻΣһα˹ȥһ˾ͱˡ
ҲǱһæʹԼһɫǹֱӳ̸ȥҪ⵽ʲôȻ˵ǿ
Ҫ֣ЦҶҲ֪һεĹ϶ʧЧȻıṇ̀ȴûкֺ˵Ǵˡ
ͬʱ鱦Ѿ£ӿٴα鲻ò̵ĹתñǹԸҶס
ǹӰֱӴƿһ鱦ûоеıΪıǹȼ˿ȶԷ
߳һֱӻûֱĴ鱦Ӱ֮Уһǿĳײ֮ʧ鱦ͬʧЧ˫˰׿⡣
һս֮£Ȼܹڲ֮أѾҶ׸оǳˣҪֻ֪һƽˡ
ȻԾһˣѾʹԼȻûнֻֻǴƽ֣һ޴Ĵ
ʦȻֵܹҶ˷ܵ˵
СӶʲôΪʦֲ˶ãڻֿֿܵʱ䳤ˣΪʦͼֲסˣǸʱû߱ܵĻҶΣˡ˵
Ҷһ⻰ҲЩģϾʦֻѣôҲܿסõġ
ҶߵģǱȴ𾪣һСС޶Ȼܺƽ֣Կ˵һ춯ص飬Ĵ壬ҲûгһҶ;ܺͰ벽ʥֵ߽ĵӣҶ׵ʵо̫ˡ
һǿ츳ʵӣһͨļӣǳң֪½ϱҸǿļǣЩǿ޷ӵĵزҲĴŻĵӡ
뵽鱾Ҷ׶ֵĺȻת䣬ԼˣһԼץסҶףҶױǿһȡжʱ򣬱˵ˣҿҲҪûˣǿܷ飬ʱǿ󣬿һЩǿǰҲֻһеļѡ
˺£ոһץסҶףʱҶ׵ļˣһܲȻĲ²⣬²ȴкܴĿţðķա
Сӣ㵽ʲôݣȻʵ˵ϷҲῼǲɱ㡣˵
Ҷһ⻰һϲæ˵ʦϼһˣʲôͷŻŻɡ
Ҳûôԣ˵ǺãⷽȷϷǿƭ˵İϷ
ҶҲûи죬Ͷ˵ôˣ֪ˣȥˣҺ㻹֪ˣҪȻʲôߺߡ
һҶ˵ûˣûĸӲԼļԽǿǾԽţҶһ㡣
˵˵ʲôİɣϷҲŴġȻЩģϻû¶ĵɫ
㻹ҵݣͲҸ֮ܣ֪ѽұ֤֮ǰ㣬һԸ㣬㶯ңٺ٣˵Ҷ꣬Ҷҵļ˵ǾǴ˴Сôô򡣡Ҷһ˵
һ黹ЩˣĲˣѵԼһǲĴڣĻԼǳְɣĻ룬˭֪᲻ĸطðһʥ߼ĸ֣ɱˣֵ̫ˡ
뵽ҲֻɽҶ׵ǿĵӷŹҲȥһ򣬾һս黹Ƿǳġ
Ȼϱһ䣬¶һƵյԭǴĵӣϷ֮ǰ֪һᣬȻѾ˵ԼǿϷҪٲ֪˵ĻϷҲǸˣϣܵûзϷʹ˸ǡ
ҪȥһҶ˷ˣûԼ仰Ȼܽһ벽ʥ߸ˣҲҪǿʵ˵ʵûôǿĻ˵Ǵĵӣֻ
Ҳҡҡͷƭ˵ĹɱĽٶȸѽϷ򶼱۷ˡ
ҶȴЦʦʲôиأߣûôס
һҲһæеСӣɲҪʲô߰ɣϷѾֲ˶ˡ
ҶЦİɣǲҽģֻ׵ˡ
ҶҲ𷴶ԣͶ˵ʹˣո㻹ɱңѵ˵仰˽𣿡
鱾ߣҶ׵ĻʱЩΪǼᶨΪҶǴӵ뷨˴ĵӣ˭סԼ
ȻתͷһЦݵ˵λϷոѾ˲ǣ֪Ҫô
ôܵһ㲹ɣʲôԼŰ졣Ҷ׵˵
ĸоеΣʹǿɱҶףҲϾͻģ˵ϷҲûô۵ġ
ʲôƷҩѽ߼֮ģ˦һǣЩҶϲġҶЦ
еˣȫթǰҶǿָоԼûǴӦˣǺõġ
Ϸһҩư벽ʥĴˣҲܹϲֻܴȡԼԤһŻҶ׵


һʮ Ӱ
Ҷ׵Ȼϲ⣬ҩϾУŶ˵ˣˣԺҵĻߣϲ㡣
ͷϷԺ󲻻ǰģϷǡ
æ뿪ٱҶթ֮ҶŹЦ
Сӣ湻ݵģǸ֪ĵϸ֮ҪɡҲЦ
ʲô֪֪ˣһǲ׷ɱеõ鵤һԼ͸ҵģҲúЦ̫вˡҶ˷ܵ˵
ɹƭĹģɲϷ򴫵ģϷҪˡ
㻹Ļ»ˣҩԵŮȥ͵˼ҵıŻջʹ˵ҲҸȼֱһһ£㻹˵ҪĻҼֱ̫ˡҶæ
ȿȣ㻹ӦϷһ仰ˣϷԽԽ˵ˣԼԽԽˣʦҲε˵
ҲԼΪϲ۸ͽܣͽܷˡҶ׺ٺЦ
Сû꣬ٸ˵ΪʦΪϲĻô㣬ȻҲܱʹ̻ģǲ볢ζҲˣҶ׺ȵ
ٺ٣ʦҪͽأǻ̸°ɡҶ׿ɲŭҶ׵ôôҶ׸ûа취ֿ
⻹࣬ԺΪʦҪ֪һͽûûСҲֻϷ̵ȥֹ
Ҷֻæ˵ǣȻʵʦҵ˱Ĳˣһʱ˰ɣ
ߣСΪô׵Ĺȥ𣿵Ǭ֪ɵģҪԳɣ飬֪ĵϸ֮󣬷ҪƴǻҪĥһʱŻعζɣԻȥúЪЪˡ
ҲģǾʹظҶϾͷزңҴʱٴУָӣȴǰû뵽ǵȵҶס
Ҷ׻ʱ򣬲ҵĵӶΪ϶ǻ㱨ҵˣһҲȫ׼ֱӾӭҶףѯҵ
ҶϣҵϢ𣿡ǰʵ
ҶЦЦȷǵϢˡ
˶ʱͽˣߵĵӼǿ䱸Ҷ׿ĽţæЦǲҪţҵõϢˣѾȥˡ
ȥˣ˵ҵİ벽ʥ߻ȥˣЩŵʵ
ѽȻĻܻѾˣҵвˣòҵĵӶý䱸ˣǺúϢϢҶ˵
ڴʱҲˣҶ׺Ͳ˵ĶԻͬǳԾСæʵСҶ˵ģ
ҶæЦȻˣѾҴ򷢻ȥˣϼһҲ֪ˣѾҽˣҳҲңˣԷˡ
챾ǻкܶҪҶףھ͸ˣҶһ֮ǿߣò춼оһ޷顣
СҶϷҪúõĺġһѾͽҶ˹ȥһţҪúҶô׳ٵġ
Ҷ׽̺Ͳ˵һ飬ȻһЩܸ߲飬ͷѽЦСҶԺǲҵ峤ˣڣҲΣա
Ҷ׿û룬ҡͷҿɲʲô峤ܰҲԸģֻҪԺҷչҶʵʱҶҾС
ҶѾΪԼչҶҿʼ׼ˣҪҵҶѸٵ׳
Ц⻹һ仰ֻҪ㿪ڣǽҶ͸ˣϷҲգۣұȵġ
ˣֻϣԺܵõҵİɣûб뷨ҶЦ
һָƽҶҲڿȥæԼˣһʱڣûðҶ׵õϢǬѾ˶ԲҵĴΪоȫĿǣоҲԸ˵ġ
ҶҲץסʱúȻûͻƣҲǵõ˺ǿķӣͨҲţȻǺǿȴѾԶԸ벽ʥµĶ֣ջҲǳΪһֻһòϣҲʱûʱ
һħˣԴӽܵıصõ֮󣬻ûʵս˵ˣҲ֪жҶ׺лʩչһζԸʱҲûϴŲͷðɡ
ɽ֮еıҲǱҶ״ˣмٿ֮⣬һЩ߼ҩҶ˵ҩϲģΪĸ߼ﵽʽ׵ĻҶҲᶯģû뵽ҵһĶ
Ӱһȫٶ͵ƽһϵٶȣҲ˵ԽҶڵٶһҶȫһ־޴ջĶ̰ٶˣںľ֮УӵӰܶúս
Ҷ׽е鶼һߣʼת߷ӰӰҲһֻʽǰ벽ʥȻҶҲĽҪ츳ˡ
Ҷ츳Ȼû˵ɱ¼İ£κǰǷǳһ㣬ʮʱ䣬ӰѾҶһ㣬ٶʮ֮һѾǷǳĳɼˣҪ֪Ǹոտʼ
ʱܿ͹ȥһ£һҶٴ˷ӰٶȣһڣûҲûңһжǷǳƽΨһҶ｣δ｣жǳ⣬ʾᾡǰ
Ҷ׸ое㲻ʣΪѾǷǳϣϼˣ｣ֻ뽫ԸǬڣҶֻ뾡ʵԸǬѾûʲô̫ȤҪԸǬˡ
ʲôʱ｣ҲΪĵˣӦɣ｣ʵһĿģɱҵЩһͬǣҶ׶ԸĲֹҵһеǿߡ
Ҷ׵ʵ벽¿ûĶˣҪɱ벽ߣͱͻǻʾ۷壬ҪﵽҪĻҪһľֵҲٻɱһǻʾ۷ֵ֣ʵҪﵽǻʾ߼
ҶȻҲеҩЩҩѾٸṩֵˣΪͻǻʾɵʱ󲿷־ǿĵҩʵǿҩЧԶûлɱãԽϣͱɱǿĶ֡


ٶʮ 
ҶҪҵһ֣ڲҿ϶ģûĵˣطҲҵĸ֣Ψһֻпˡ
Ҷ׺ܿҵһֵĿ꣬Ǿʵǻʾ֮ӦǶģɱӦøԼṩȱٵһֵֻĻٴǱҡ
ҶҲûжǼǿԼʵڷӰ֮Ҷ׿ʼȫʵȡͻ֮ǰԼʵọ̈̄Ļͻ֮ʵӵǿ
ֹһµʱ䣬ҾȻûκεжҶҲоǷǳ֣һţôȻϢģҶٶҲǾˣ˵Ѿﵽǻʾɵ۷״̬ͻ֮ʵ϶ܹͰ벽ʥһսˡ
ڣһжˣݳ鱨ԭһֱڵԼĵϸǬҲڵҶ׵ĵϸΪ鴫ȥ鱨̫ˣһһҪļ壬ȻҲ飬ֻҶ׵ʵЩԲ̽ǿ鱨ڵҶҵĺˣǸŵҶҺˡ
֪һ̷֮ͨҪҵȫ׷ɱҶףȻҲ｣ҵҵ֮ҷҶ׾Ȼ｣¡
Ϣ｣һԵĴҶʱͶ｣ȡĳͷ｣ʱȡһеȨְƿصĵ۹ҲʱӹܣǬԴ｣Ϊ⽫Ҷҵӷ߾ΪΣҵ棬｣ϲֱӹѺʱһط
ЩǰǰҶ׻㱨ģҶ֪һеʱҲǷǳ𾪣벻Լ｣ֱӱѺҶǷǳӡ
뵽Ҷһõ뷨ˣһȫץĻڲҾͷǳΣˣֻ뿪ңܱ֤ҵİȫ
뵽ҶѾ뿪ңȥʲôطȴûá
ϣʦ˵ҸȥʲôطǻʥԺȥĵط
ԼɣϷܸʲôĿԼģԼҪ·
ҶЦһȥҿ｣Ѻˣ˵ѾˣҪƻҪգ˵ûκεĺô
ȴѵȥȳ
֪вУ㡣ҶЦ
СҲ룬Ҫ㲻ĻҲǽҶˣ｣ȻϵѾôˣԺǶ֣վһϵģȻֻһЩԸӦãĻһȳͲˣ£ҪϵŤת˵
Ҷ׵ͷ｣ҪҲֻҵĻˣѾûκεĵλԣǵͽҾǾһӦΪҵ£ʵҲˣҵҲ
ǺЦСҲƣ㻹֪ܾܲȳɲȥԸǬô򵥣ǬҲһѣ｣ĵطĴʥ֮һ｣׵ڣȥ𣿡
ʥߣǿ϶ǿɣʹԺҲҪɴͳɣҶ׾ЦҲ뿴ʥߵжʵڲеĻȥҵĵϸҲǲġ
ȥû뿪ǿ϶ģҪĵ뿪Сҵ֪Ļһһ١
Ҷ׵ͷһᰲŵģʱһǡ
ȻȥҾȳ｣ĻǾҵ｣ڵĵطǾɲһ·̣빻ʮµġ˵
Ѿ˰｣Ѻǧľ룬߿Ҫµʱ䣬ȻȥˣҾ㶯С
Ҷ׵ڶ˲סҽԼҪ뿪ϢǷǳ𾪺ͲᣬûҶ׻뿪뿪ԲҾһ޴ʧ
ǵҶ׽ҵ˵֮󣬲Ҳ֪ҪסǾֻҶ뿪ˡ
ȴӦҡͷСҶ㲻ߣ뿪ҵĻӵΣգϷƴҲҪס
ҶȻ֪Ƿθ֮ԣȴϣԼ۲ҵˣҡҡͷлģӻǾ뿪ΪһΪ϶ȻҵңǼʹҪңһҲԲưոݣһǶģһǬʵǸǿ˻ұߡ
ǳѹ̾˵벻Ҳҵõİȴˣǲѽ
ҶЦİɣӼסˣӵæҺܿͻֻڣһɣһġ
ģһҪϷ㡣˵
һҾͶ뿪뿪ʱϣܹģĻȻ֪뿪ˡҶ˵
ð죬ҴеĵΪУӵΣյġΪҶ׵ĵ
İɣҪץҿɲ׵飬ȸˡ
ҶûٺͲ콻̸뿪Ͳˮˣ뿪˲֮ҶȻоеʧ䣬ϾҺܶˣҪ뿪е᲻ˡ
ϣǻû°ɣҶ˵صԼķ䣬ʼԼң뿪
ȵ˵ڶ죬Ҷ׼·ŵʱǰһĻǾˣǰ滹ĳȫǲҵĵӣﻹվģһֱ쵽˼·мǧĵǰҶҲǸоǳ𾪡
Сӣ벻ųͦģȻô㣬ΪʦҲйˡЦ
ҶæҲǵһ治֪ø˵ʲôˡ
ʲôõĵģȥǴкˣЩ˶ȵģҲȻ顣
ҶҲûٺ˵Ϊ峤˹ߵǰҶ׼˵СҶһҪֱˣҲ֪ʲôʱټ棬ϷҪһףһ·˳硣
ҶҲЩԱߵĲͽһҶҲһ
Ǹһ˵һھͽƺȥҶҲæҲȽ˶ӡ
֮󣬲˵СҶһߣϷҲ֪˵ʲôǲҲòĶ͸㣬һƥȻȲЩޣҲܹһǧϣܰʡЩ
Ҷ׿˿ǣһƥҲⲻһƥһͷԵǧһķҲǲ
ҶæȱһͶЩˡ
ֵСҶ


ٶʮһ ŮװŮ
Ҷ׾ͷȴƥǣסԼǣסǰȥҶҲǸоգòҵ棬ȻԼǣôԵ
Ҷ׸æ˵棬򲻿㻹Լɡ
ȴǹЦϷʲôΪȼֱֵһᣬϷҲʵ벻ʲôģϷǣһҲϷﰲһЩ
һ˵ҶҲоеûа취ˣ˼ԸԼҪǾܾĻǲ˼ˣҶҲֻɲԼǣˣǰȥ
漸ǧĲҵҲҶ׵һ·뿪Ҷ׷ǳĸжȻûᣬѾеˡ
һֱм·ֱɽ£ҶҲæԲ˵棬͵ɣôҲ֪ˣȥɡ
컹Ƿǳ᲻뿪Ҷ˵СҶϷһûʲôˣϷͶأϷŲҪ೤ʱ䣬һΪ½һλǿߣϣǸʱ㻹ܼǵǲңܻصǲһ
Ҷ׿ûиôԶæЦôҿǣһӵģϣʱҪ̫
ͷ֪ϲȱʲôϷﻹǸһЩ̲ϣ¡
Ҷ׾ͿһӶӣмʮڲ˵һǳĲƸһһڳ𣬲Ҳж١
ЩҶѾûʲôôˣϾѾ˼ǧˣЩ㹻֧ģʹ֧һǿļҲǿģֻûʱ䷢չԼļˡ
Ҷæҡͷ棬кܶˣЩòұĸһЩɣӸˡ
ҲֻõͷǺðɣףһ·˳硣
ҶҲӻ֣ƥϾͿ첽뿪˲ҡ
һ·Ҷ׵ٶȺܿ죬ƥԵٶȵȷ˵ãһʱܳ˰ҶҲ뿪˲ҺԶҵķɱ
鱨｣ڵĵطʥϺĸۡϺĸۡһ޴۹֮У۹ĵ۹۹ʮϺĵ۹ҵƿߡ
Ҷǰû˵ĵ۹ֱ｣Ѻ֪ĵ۹Ȼ۹ʮǲ˵ˣϺҲ˵⡣
Ҷ׺ʶʶľ޴۹ģ϶Ҫ۹ԻͣҶ׳ǰ·ʱȴ˵Сӣ㻹ǲҪǰˣɡ
ҶЩԾ˵ʦǲǷʲôˣ
Ц⻹Ҫʲôĵ˵ˣҵ֪ˣѵ·϶֣򵥵ĵ˵ϷѾ̽鵽ǰ漸￪ˣ㻹ǸϽС·뿪ɡ
Ҷȴʵ֪Щҵжٱ£ڿǵͻƣͲһľֵˡɱҳ˵͹ˡ
ȴЦǰĸҲǺúǿɣģͲн࣬мʮǻʾ۷ģԼŰɡ
ҶױһĻʱйˣɱһӦû⣬أ˵һѵĸ֣ǸϽˡ
Ҷæת䷽ҵԱһС·ȥһ·Ҳҵ飬±˸һϰ·ҶͣϢϢ
һҶҲûȤ֪ʲôԼĶҲеĶˣʹȳԵ㶫
ҶһȽϰĿջԼƥСԼջԷȥ֮󣬼沢ûмˣʱӦǳԷʱ䣬ΪȽϸ߼һЩ˻ѡ˱Ƚϱ˵Ŀջ
ҶײںǮֻҪԵȥֻ֮ˣһ󺺣Ϳ࣬Ų֪ʲôķװӦǼӣһӣȴֻһˣ˳ȴƤϸǳ㣬ҶҲû⣬һ¡
ܿСҶ׼ˣҶ׵˼֮󣬾Լ飬ʱȴЦСӣ㿴ǸСһ𣿡
Ҷ׿˿ǸüĿ˵ˣʲôѵҵˣ
ȴҡҡͷҵˣɲеģһŮġ
Ҷ׶ʱеԾϸȻŮģȴеģѽҶæʵôģҿһеѽֻĺúÿ㡣
Сӣܹƭ۾˵СŮ޵ı²Сļ϶Ҳһļˣ仯գͬҲԣҿóֻ᲻ýԼ֣е¶ˡ
ĻҶȻͿеŵˣԷӸͲеģеĳԷ̵ģҶæΪʲôҪŮװʲôˣ
ȴ֪бȥѽСŮ޳Ŀɲ˵С޸ˡ
Ҷȴҡͷ˰ɣҿûôаһǳҵķûҲȥ˼ҡ
Ͼͽеٺ˵˵ôʰ㣬ϷⲻΪǲʶѽ
Ҷ׸ое͵ûʱԱһλϵļȴҶ׵ע⣬Ϊǵ̸ݾȻԼйء
磬˵ǲҳһ˲õˣȻҶˣ֪𣿡һλ󺺶ߵ˵
Ǳ˵ͷȻ˵ˣڽС㣬û˲֪飬Сӿ˵룬½ƶˡ
һæ磬ô𣿲Ҳ۹һ壬Ƿ½ϣ۹ʮĵ۹УȲҴϰٱļҲУĵܾ½
Ǹտʼ˵Ĵ󺺾Ц㻹֪ѽӦúǶ߶߶ϴڼȻʵʱȴʤķ
˵ǣԺһߵģҪȻ治֪Ϸϡ飬ǿҽǲҵӵɡ
Ϊ׵ĴЦ˵϶ҪӢˣ˵һ֮ͽҽ˳ҲǱ۽һڶǴûй飬ҪȻôᾪ½
һܾȳңң˵̫ˣ˵ϸһɣԽϸԽáǸæ
ǺãҾ˵ӦûʲôϵǸ翴˿Ҷ׺һŮװˣûпʲôͿ˵˵һʼҪԲҶ֣֪ܴ죬ץһһ֣ǻʾɺǻʾ۷壬˵ǽ˰ɣǸץˡ


ٶʮ ĵ
ܣǿǽ쵱۹Ҳһһɱôץģܸæʵ
ٺ٣⻹ʲôӳԾģܾ˵ΪǲҵһӸǵж޵ץһϴС㱾ҿ϶ȳܵϴɣҲȷˣɳһϣʵǻʾ۷壬˵ߵĵһϣʵ֪뵽ֱӱһˣߣһûܵ
ԹԣҲ̫˰ɣСҲ棬Ȼ֪ǵжҪȻҿ϶Ҫ鷳ˡ޵
ʲô⻹ֻǿͷĺϷںͷҵ˱ץ֮ȻưոݣҲץ˲ҵˣҪȥнҪҵһ򾡵ģȻҵ˸Ǳǵİ벽ʥ߾Ȼ
벽ʥ߱ҵ˭ô۾ŵʵ
ȻҶ˵ǲҵֵģһ汾˵Ǹ˼ٰģΪǰ벽ʥߵȻ˵УԲò˸档Ǵֵ
ԲԣôܣҪ֪ǵжҲܣϾǿͨ鱨֪ģҪһ벽ʥҪǿʵҿ϶Ǵţšҡͷ
˵ҲеҲģ⴫ǴڲģֲòЩˡǴЦ
ôϢǴģһôϸʵ
ҵȻҲǴҵ˿е֪ģȻҲдţȴûʵҵĺѣ֪ܶ˲֪顣
ԭˣб£ɶʱȥʶʶѣЦ
㻹ǲҪˣǺѽȥģҲֻżܹԺٿûлɡ
ǴǸ˵Ĺ°ɣĶЩ᲻÷ˡæ˵
Ǻǣ˵㣬˭¶᲻÷£ںܶ˶ҵĵӵԼӢۣ˵Ҷʶʶݣȴûܹлûı죬ʹǰҲ㶼ϲ
̫ˣңҲֻܱ֤Լİȫ޳ֻϧĻҾû취ӢˡǸ̾Ϣ˵
ʲôԺܻģΪ츳ʵõʱͻᾪ½Ϊһǿߣʱ벻֪ˣЩͨ߻ǲҪ̫ˡǶҲ˵
Ǻأǲַʲôϡ飬ǲҵǲо˵ı֣ʵ
ȻˣҪĻ»Ծ½ѽ½ŻǶǵģǼĴĵӵʵһЩģͷǳˣǽֵĶ˶ˡ
ô˵ҲҶȲˡڴߴٵ
㼱ģҾ˵ˣҲ֪϶ֵģϾͿʼȫѹңҵʵվǴ򲻹ҵģ涼״ʱܱѹƵı˳һֱ޷š
ʲô飬˵˵ִߴٵ
ĸۡĸ˸⣬Ϣ֮ҲǹЦû˸飬Ȼˡ
ɫȻһŵı飬㵵˵Ȼҵĸۡôǿ󣬹Ȼ鴫ѽҪˣ츳ʵǿҲ󣬸ȥҵķӣǺأôˣҿ϶Źѽô֪ɵģ
ɾˣҵ˵ұⶼ͵ˣһֵǮıûУ˵Ǹ˱仯ҳϵģұ⣬͵˸⣬һѻҸչˣǾܵϢҵ˸֪ǴȻѹص˵
ȻСҶ׵Щ֮ҲǷǳĳԾû뵽ԼȻôʹˣûʲôܿˡ
ûע⵽ǸŮȻҲһ󺺵ĶԻıҪԲʱĻ΢΢ͷǷǳͬ˼
ǸּʵļһֻһˣһҲҪҪ˲ҲǺѵ飬ôңǲҲ鷳ˡ
ҵȻŹңһλ벽ʥԼߵһλ벽ʥҪ˲ңʵ˵ǲˣ۹κһҲ޷ֵˣ˵׶༪ˡ
˵ѽ벽ʥߣǻˣôˣǲǱˣǱˣСĴʵ
ҪǱˣҲûʲôˣȻǰ滹ǺܴĹ£ǻûдﵽ˾ò˼ĵزôţ벽ʥ߾ȻһһˣĽ𣿡ǴٺЦ
ţ϶ǲѽ˭ôı£ʥ֣߳ѵĸ֣ʵ
˵ЦɣҪĸ֣Ͳˣ۹ûһʥ߼ǿߣ˵ǲˡ
ǲô벽ʥߵģѵȫȫҲѽҲһ벽ʥ𣿡ɻ󲻽˵
ˣһиˣǲʥ߾ǱˣȻһϢǺϸǿ׽ӰģҵõѵϢǣ벽ʥ߱Ŀɳ뿪뿪һλ·ɱ˭ɵģ˵һһλ벽ʥģһ˵ͷǳȤˣǾǸģһ˵͸˸о˷ˣǰһϵе飬ԴҶǱȽźһ˵Ǹɱ벽ʥߡ
ԽԽˣı̫ˣҴû飬磬Ǹɱ˰벽ʥ𣿡󺺶ʵ
Ǵ΢΢һЦźߣΪ˵벽ʥ߱ҩֻһ룬һ벽ʥߵĻܲô鷳ֻ˲ŻֻĻ˵ʵҲ̫ˣǸ벽ʥʵʹֻһ룬Ҳеǻʾ۷壬ҪɱҲֻܴﵽļ𣬵˵˵ʵҪͻư벽ʥˡ
ҿ⻹𣿼ֱǱ̬ѽ͹ƱҪ꣬ȴֻ񾳣ȻҪͻư벽ʥˣһﵽѽǲѽǶߵ˵


ٶʮ 죬
ʲôĵģ֪ҵӵıܺʵѾǺܲˣǲҪЩ߸ϵģҪߵ˱ȲУĻ˱ҪˡǴæȰ
˵ҲǣȻҺǸȼϣߵ˻ǱȲҵģո˵ʲôݣ˵ǲ𣿡
ҲֻǴ˵ģ˵ǰ·ңǰʲôû֪ڸû֪ˣ̬ʵ츳ҿǴ½ǿļӣʹ⼸ǰҲʲôǡ
ɣһĵôĲҵˡʵ
Ͳ֪ˣкܶǲ֪ģ˵Ҳǰ˸Ӵѽ˵ģ
˵Ǿܼˣֻǲʶѡܺŵ˵
ǣĺзǳĹϵұĹңѹҲչЩӶͲϼ۸ҲǷˣǵҪǰùˡǶЦ
˵ҲǣһˣܽЩǧӶˣǺģҿ뵽ҲúõİԸҡЦ
ĵͦģΪҪ뵽뵽𣿿϶кܶܣǲҵģô˵кôҪĻǻ˵ллˡ
ҶŪ⼸˵ݣǶӽˣҲԼˣڻʶЩˣϾԼֻǺӽʶ
磬˵ô࣬㻹û˵ֽʲôѽʵ
ֺǽҶӣֻһѣ˭֪Ҫ֪ĻͲˡǴֵ
Էɣ֪ôǻǴ˵
ؾûҶӵ飬ҶҲˣԼԼķûȥʶǾʱһȴ⼸˷ǳĸȤˣǾҶ׶ǸŮ
ʱ⼸˲̸ҶףϾʹӱվ⼸˵ǰ¡
һ¼Ͼ;ǶսӶȻǷǳķΧΣգģ́ͷһһüĿʱȴҲûе£Ϊѵġ
Сֵܣʲô𣿡Ǵ黹ǺܺƵ˵
ŮװŮȴûʲôЦݣʵո˵˵һģ
⼸һԷûʾʲô飬෴ı飬ҲûȤҡҡͷҪ֪Ҫȥʶˣ߿ҪǳԷ򲻿ˡ
ЩӶĻʹһӵļһȻҲûкֻŮȴûߣЦƾǼ𣿻ҵĶ֣˵ǲʲôط
ĴʱŭʲôȻǣŲһ㣬ȰϾ뿪ĻϸƤһ֡
Ҫ˵⼸ӶǺܽʹҲûгֻ֣ǶŮ̫ʶ̧һЦҵġ
󺺻ûзӦͼһǵǰٿʱŮӻţûôҪʱǺȻԼľʲôˡ
һʱһԹԾȻǵѪǵľȻһӺΪҲûи
һ¼󺺶ʱ;ˣҲ֪˶СһǳһһոҪٻһ㣬ǵСûˡ
ֻҸһСѵҪҪǵС׾ٵ飬˵ʲôطŮӺȵ
Ǵ֪̬ˣԵһ֣æ˵СϢŭ͸˵ǲĶ߷ֻҪһֱ߾ˡ
Ůʵʲôط
Ҳоˣʲôط۹û˲֪ɣӦһˣҲƭæ۹Ļʶ˻ʶһ˭֪
ŮʵǸո˵ǲģЩĶǸ𣿡
ͷҲǴӱģϢԿɿ۹Ҳ˲֪ˣҪ㲻ŵĻȥʶԭĸۡѾյһƬˡ
Ůӵͷ˵Ǻãھȥ˵Ҫ뿪Ǵæ˵С磬˵ո뿪˲ңȥû֪ˡ
һ仰ϾŮӻͷˣЩʧΪҪ뿪ң
˵ҶԲҲѡ뿪ң˭Ҳ֪
ŮӺǳĲģҪ뿪Ҷȴ˵СӣĻˣϽȥǸˣĻֵˡ
Ҷû˵Ůӣҿɲң˵ʲôʱͽҸɱˣһรɡ
˭֪˵㿴˲ֻ棬ŮӿװͰ͵ģҲֻαװѣƯŮ⣬ܲԼαװ˵ˣͲ֪ݣϷƲ⣬һǿĵӣʵߺ߱㻹࣬һһţͲȥʶʶ
һ仰Ҷ׸оȣŮӿԼͣȻܺԼʵ൱ôܣҪ֪ӵɱ¼ǿ󹦷ӵнģŮӾ̥ʼҲɡ
Ҷæʵ㲻ƭҰɣĺҵʵ൱𣿿κһСôô
ߺߣСΪѽ죬ˣʵȻˣǷ½ЩĵӱǿҲûУŮ޿϶Ĵӣ˵ˣڵʵ˶೤ʱ䣬겻ɣ˼ҿǴ̥ʼͷøǿ鵤ʵûʲôֵġ
һ˵ҶҲоЩԼȷ깦ʮʱֻһϲĶѣ˼ҿǴ̥ʼġ
ҲûбҪȥʶزʶģΪʲôҪȥʶҶ׻ǲȥ
ȴҡͷ滳ûгôƯӷǰȻģˣϷ㣬ѵ֪ΪʲôҪ䣬ͲʲôĿģʲôģһļȤˣɾ군ˣһǰѾһɽһԽˣļ壬̧ͷ塣


ٶʮ Ůû취
Ҷױ˵ĻǶˣҲ뿴ŮΪҪԼȥѵ˵Լ𣿸㲻ֱӾ͸ˡ
ܲһȥ͸˵Ǹ˰ɣҪĻҪҵĲϻһˡҶæ
˵СӶԸҲǺбҪ취а취ҪƭƭôһŮӾûˣɲǺ£ԺŮôĹ
ֲ㣬ʱֻƭŮӣ˶Լ취Ҷûٺ˵Լͷһ뵽һ취
ʱŮѾ뿪ˣҶ׺Ȼ˵λС磬֪Ǹкιɣ
Ҷһ˵Ů̻عͷϸĴҶףһһĳ˹
Ҷ׿˫峺ޱȣ۾Լκ˶޷ֿҶ׶оЩĻˣæƿ۾ٿԷ
ŮߵҶ׵ǰû˵ǰڶֺٺЦСӣ޸ˣ϶ǿˣ벻㱿ֱŵģȻӵѽ
ҶȴеϹ˵ʲôҪʲôˣ˵һҪƴˡ
ڴʱŮǿ˵Ҿ;еرڿȻеرǲز¶ѽ˵֣Ҳᱩһ١
Ҷҡͷ⻹ǺŮһʼҪԼѵҪʾҶҲе㲻˵˵ȻҪ⣬ҪһɣĻҿûа취㽻
ŮȴЦ𣿸ոѵûǼ˵³Ҫһ𣿡
ãֻúú˵ҵֽҶ˰ɡҶ˵һԼ֣ŮȻʵǸʲôϵʶ
ҶװģĵͷʶҪ֪ĻҲҪ˵ԼݣΪʲôҪ䣬Ļôܻ㡣
㻹֪ҵݣϸĻҪǻʮŮϾͷ
Ҳ̫˵ɣ˼Һĺ˵Ȼ̬ȣˣҲ˵ˣ㻹ôҶҲʲôӣȻһŮҲûʲôҪίȫ
ŮϾͶˣ˵ٶȿ쵽˲գ֮ѾҶ׵ĲӣǵٽһʱȻԼС־Ȼץסˡ
ʱһĹûʧЧȴ˸ץסԼ֣ͨ죬Ҫѡ
ȻҶ׿϶ˣץס˶Էһ¸ǼŭŮӣֱӻһ⣬Ҷ׺˹
һ⣬ҶϾ͸оȻֻϸϸһâȴ̺޴󣬵޼᲻ݵĵز
ҶҲòϽſ֣弱ٶܣѣҪȻһĻΪ˴
Ҷ׶ɱ֮æ˼ףͶԷһӵ㹻Ӧʱľ룬ıҲöŮӾ㵣ϾҪµĽҶȴˣΪһ֪ݵĶֽս
Ҷæ˵ٶֵĻҾˣ׷ҿɲô׵顣
ŮҲ֪Ҷ׵ĲʵˣĵҶ׻ܣֶֻͣκȵʵѽȻܶҵĹ˵ʲôˣ
Ҷ׺ٺЦҲǸ˵ҾǸ˵ѣôȻҲҪӰɡ
ŮӺеĻֺȵ˵ʲôط
Ҳ˵ˣ㲻˵ԼݣôʲôطҪȥɱĻô죬һɵӡҶ׷ʵ
ŮӴΪҶ׵¶ʵҲô׺ˣ˵ҿԸ㣬Ҳĵˣ˰ɣ˵ɣˣ
Ҷȴҡҡͷô֪ǲ˵ѣܲƾһ仰ʹȥɣȻ㲻˵ǻ˰ɣˡ
Ҷ׾Ҫ뿪ȴϾͱŮסˣϵıҶ׵ǰŭȵҪҲңڣҲˡ
вңǺãھɱңҲĵģбھͶ֡Ҷ׽Դһ죬Ӿ͵ˣʵҶ׿Ҳ׼ҪСŮĶ֣ϾҪˡ
û뵽ԷȻĶˣֱӳ˹ﻹеҿĹǲôӲ
һҶҲЩѳֲסˣϮҲܵöָ˰ɣŲһ㣬ٴκƣ㿪˶ԷĹͬʱе㻹ĶѽٶԣϾˡ
Ҷ˵ʹ뿪ɲҰŮ򽻵һŮȴȻȵվסĻҽļȫɱˡ
ӵҪЮ⼸󺺸ԼëĹϵŮҲ̫ˣ˰ɣҶ׾˵ֲʶǣҪɱɱʲôϵ
ŮȴЦôûйϵĿеӢۣҪǽҲΪѵԭǸѿ϶ѹǲǣ
ӵ˸ӴŵĵǶŮûа취ѽֲñ˵Ů˵ǾǶţ١
ȻѽҶȴҲѺҶʶǣˣΪʲôҪѹ취вҡ
ǺǣҾͿ㵽׻᲻ᵣģҾɱһ㿴һŮϼҪ֣Ǽŵǻ겻壬ŮӵʵǺڸողٴܶˡ
Ҷ׿ˣҲһɲΪԼ⼸󺺶ô˵ҲⲻȥҶæˣҸ˰ɣǡ
Ůһ˵¶ЦݣһЦʱҶ׿еˣʲôһЦѽŮӵЦȫһģһѽĽû˵ˡ
⻹ֻŮװѽŮӵӣǲĶûˣҶҲе㶯ˣȴˡ
ٺС㴺Ķ˰ɣ͸㣬ǳƯԭǸŮѲ˵ŮԶǧ֮⣬βҸʱһ£һ·Ҳиѽ
Ҷû˵ҿɲҪİ飬㲻ʲôʱ򲻸˾Ҫҵˡ
ٺھ˦Ҳһ׵ˣԼŰɡЦ
ŮֻһЦȴǻָı˵˵
ҶʼЦҲ˵
Ůʱʹŭ𱦽Ҫֵˣңɱ㡣
Ҷæֹ˵ðɣ˵˲ܸĵطΪܣ˵ҿԴӦȥҲȥ


ٶʮ ʮİ벽ʥ
ŮϾЩԥˣҶ׻ǺΣҶ׾Ц㲻Ǻ˰ɣǾˣˡ
ȵȣҸȥҪˣҵĻϾɱ㡣Ůȵ
ҶЦôˣ㣬˵ˣɲԶȥȥ
ԶŮʵ
˵Զܾмǧ˵ԶܸոպǲҪǵˡҶЦ
㻹ˣңʲôǧǸող뿪ҵҲһ·ˡŮˡ
ôòã˵ٶ˵ΪԭģѴȥһԶĵطмǧ·ҲȥǼҪǸǧ֮ˣҪõĻҲ·ϻΪʲô˵ԭھͿԸԸһȥˡ
ŮȴĻָ˵ΪʲôҪȥôԶĵطǲ취ҪҸߣ
㶼²𣿿Ǹ߿ˣڵ׷ɱ۹𣿿϶ҪԶ߸߷ˣȥĵطǰأȻܹİȫҲ˵ˣҪǲԸȥĻǾˣһҪ·ء
Ҷ˵žȥȡԼңȷǸ·ģһŮĻЩţ˵СӣȰòҪˣȵ˵طҪǽвھ͵ˣԼŰ졣
Ҷʲô˵ģȥȥȥˡҶױҾҪ뿪ŮҲ˱˵ãҾһˣǧҲǺԶ͵ȥκˣ·ҪһˣĻұ֤ɱ㣬Ƕֽһġ
ŮһֱвҶףҶҲ͵ѣûе£ͱŮѺ˳ȥǼ󺺻ͷʾл⣬ҶЦЦҲûᡣ
ǳ֮Ҷ׾ǣԼıŮûʲôЦλС磬ҪҪһȥѽ
Ůɫһ죬˭Ҫһ𣬱ĸ߼
ŮȻһڣҲ֪ĸطͻȻðһƥһƥһ֣ʱͽҶƥѹȥ
Ҷ׵ƥѾǷǳˣŮƥȴϾ͵Դʾ˳ӣһҪʾѺá
˭֪ƥȴǸҶƥһʱͰҶ׵˻Ҳǰˡ
ҶҲЩ֣ƥôоǲͬѰأϾȻӵһ翵ʵʵڵĴڣѵޡ
ϳ޻һޣӵǿԣǿԻûεģΪǷǳϡ٣ֻĵطܳޣټ޻һַǳʣǾûɱģûɱ¾ԵıԣӵеǿԺͳǿһ޶ֻǽֻ磬ҪĹ
Ҷ׿ƥԵı˵ⲻǴ˵еްɣ
𿪿˵¶ˣһƥ޵һ֣Ƿǳ߼ޣߣܷУСŮӵ߼һļ屳֪ˡ
ҶĻҲǷǳľȣ˿ǷûгôѽҶæʵʦûгôɣ
˵ֻǽĻŲᱻע⣬ϾһƥĳֻܹһǿߵģΪǿӵеĳȻ֤ǿӵĳ֡
ҶҲǸоǳľ棬Ȼӵسֻǲ֪ж
ʦ˵ƥжǿﵽʲôľ磿Ҷʵ
СӣɲҪСƥʵҲﵽǻʾ۷弶𣬲ΪǹԵޣҪڷٶϣٶԶԶһķޣ˵ʥ߼Ķ֣׷ӦҲСŮıǮɡ
Թԣʥ߼ĸֶ׷ϣҪԼһƥĻԺͲôǿߵ׷ɱˣϧԼûĻᡣ
Сӣں˼ʲôҪǸҴС⣬ɱ㡣ŮҶһֱԼķҲ˲ԾϾ;
ҶæҡͷЦĸҴı⣬˵ԼҲ˱ˣھ·ɡ
˭֪Ůȥ֮Աǵƥܺҵ𣿼ֱЦ
Ҷױ˵е㲻˼ȷǲܺŮıȣҶҲû̫࣬׼
ŮҲˣ˲ţҶ׵ıŮıһ֮ҲҷˣΪƥߵĺܽƥһˣСҪ˼ҵǧһȥȥ
ǷûдҲƲҶ׵ˣƥܵһ·Ҳȥ
Ҷһ·Ҳ֪Ů˵ʲôǰУŮͲˣͽеȥĸطûˣܸÿԸ˰ɣ
Ҷ׵ͷҾ͸ɣҵȥǧ֮һĵ۹ĹңӦ˵ɣҲҪȥܼ
ĵ۹Ůһ֮Ҳ΢΢ͷȷңΪʲôҪȥ
ҲѾ˵ǰĵطȻҪȥˡҶ״
˵˵﷢飬ѣӦ֪ɣ˵˵ҪŮȲ˵
Ҷ׾ץסʱʵҪңΪʲôҪ飿ʲôϵ
ֻ˵ǣҵٴŮɫһ䣬Ͼͽе
Ȼ㶼˵ΪʲôҪ˵ҪɱңͼˡҶҲ£Ů졣
ŮҲǲҶͻˣ˵Ȼҵԭһʺĵطһλ츳ĵӣҵȻҪʶʶҵԭ򡣡
Ҷһ۹ȻŮ˵ʺĵطĵطɶҶҲĻԽԽˣŮԲһˡ
ŮĵطһǷǳǿɣ۹Ƨˣ벻ļжǿ󡣡ҶϾһЦŮĵϸ
ǵȻҵļ½ǿĹңֱ治֪ôһšŮ˵
ǲ֪ļʲôʱҲʶʶҶ׸æʵ
˭֪ŮϾͷӦˣһȵ֪ҵĵϸȥɣҲģϾ͸﷢飬ڣϡ


ٶʮ ˫޵
ŮĿҶ˵ҶҲˣ˵Լʲô˵ʲôˣǴԼĺûᡣ
Ҷȴʵڻ֪ʲôһ·ϿҲаµʱ䣬ôƺѽ
ͽҴɡŮȻЦ
Ҷеоˬ˼ҿҪСд϶ˣæұôУҪҴŶԡ
Ϊ˭ѽҪҽ磬ƾʵб´Ĺ𣿹ԹԵĽҴ磬ҽСôĻҲǺˡŮݺݵ˵
Ҷ׸о֪ͲʲôˣŮȴϾ˳ƺҶ˵Сܣ˵Ĺ£ǽҶӰɣ϶ʲô
Ҷֻ˸˵ȷҶӣҶͯ
Ҷͯù֣ùƫƫСŮСŮһֵҲûлɣ˵˵˵ҶͯĹ¡
ҶϾ˵ˣԼʼҶԸ˵˵һѽԼЩţԼȻõţǸŮĸԣһٵ׷ʣҶͼӴ˵㣬Ҷ׵ͺǴ棬һ˵Ǹˡ
һ·Ҷ׶ԼľŮ˵ԼȥĻԻͣÿһϸڶ˵ȻˣеǲŮģԼϵܣֻ˵һЩܹ˵ȥ飬ܲҸ֣Ȥ顣
ŮĶˣͷʾȣֱҶ˵ĶЩڿˣȡԼˮ˵˵һˣϢϢɣٸ˵ɡ
Ҷ׺һˮŮȴӦˣæô֪ôϸôͶֽս㶼ѵһ𣿡
ҶæƱⶼ˵ģҺǺøǣȻ˵Щ顣
ŮҲûɣΪҶ˵Ĵ󲿷ֶģûʲôֵûɵĵطŮʵѵжǿʵͻ˰벽ʥߣ
һ仰ûҶ׺ȵˮæ˵ͻ˰벽ʥߣҪͻ˰벽ʥ𣿡
Ů˵Ҳǵͷ˵еûͻư벽ʥߣҲǶˡ
һŮĻֽҶǺˣͻư벽ʥ߶ǶţǶѵﵽľˣ
˵е̫˵ɣ벽ʥǿʥֻа벽֮ңôôͻƣһҪĵزҶҲЩġ
ŮȴЦªŰˣʶģкü˾ڶʮ֮ǰѾͻ˰벽ʥߣʲôֵģû˵Ϊʺĵطˡ
ҶЩˣʮ֮ǰͻư벽ʥߣжǿѽһֱΪԼͻѾˣû뵽ϱĻڡ
ҶҲֻ˵ʶҲ湻ģȻﵽĵز˵ҵǰҲʲôҲûбҪȥʶˣαҪôܼǧ·ȥأ
Ҷ׾뿴Ůôģ˵ߵǿ߶ǣԼĶкüûбҪôŮȴҡҡͷ㲻ܹܰ벽ʥ˵ʵѾﵽ˰벽ʥߵļֻûͻƶѣǡǡˣģҵֻͻˣûͻƾѾﵽʵͻ֮ʵˣţ츳𣿡
ҶҲòŮȻܴӹ֮о͵֪Լʵ츳жǿ̽Եʵ㲻ҵͺɣ
ŮȴǺȻЦѵ㵣ѱɱ𣿷İɣǲɱģ෴ҲһŶǼ˵ҲǷǳҪģͿǲǴ˵еôǿˡ
Ҷ׺ŮΪʲôҪȥˣԭΪԼļ˲ŮҲԼ˵©ˣæȻ㶼֪ΪʲôˣڿԷˣҶûʲô
ҶҲһĿģҪ˵ԼĻԼˣǲǸ˵Լݣȴ˵СûǲҪԼݣϷľ㣬Ů˵ĻǲŵģҲںأˣʲôϷ֪ʱ˵һ̬ˡ
һ˵ҶֽԼ˵ݵ뷨ѹȥˣʦ˵Ķѽܲôͱ¶ˣ˵ˣԼҪ˵Լ˵Լˣ㲻ھҪԼƴˡ
ҶǾ˵ԼݣǵͷЦҪ֪ΪõĻҲһǳĵġ
ŮȻһЦô֪Ը⣬ô֪ûĿģ˵뽫ҵ£ҵСأ
Ů仰Ҷ׸е㵣ˣŮºʲô£ǿҲᾭ۸ɣҶ׿ɲ
ҶȴЦֻҪ㲻ҿûʲôµˡ
ҶֻһЦһնѣ˭֪ŮȴϾЦѵ²ɣ
ŮȻŮˣȤҶҲо椾ŵģæǵȻˣµľ˸ˣ˵ġ
ŮϾʵΪʲô£ѵϲŮˣ
Ҷ׶о֪ôشˣæҡͷȻǣǺˣûʲôõġ
ΪʲôҪ϶ʲôԭġŮʵ
Ҷ׶ʼԼΪʲôҪ˵һЦʲôģԼ֪úλشˣֻǿԼûдﵽǿĵزԲס
ԭһϽҲδػӰʱ˵ܰĸ죬˵˫𣿡Ůͷ
˫ޣҶ׵ûҲû챻һŮ˵ĻҶ׻ое㲻˼æε˵ҵȻıºһܹġ
Ůǵͷ˵Ĳȷһģʹ츳ҲûǿӦҲûУĻǻӦġ
Ҷ׸оŮĻԽԽе˼ôᵽ˫ˣҲû룬æʵôɲȤ
ŮҲе㲻֪ôشæֻʶѣһ˻ϡŮˣǵһ˵
Ҷ׾ʵѵк˫޵ɣ
ŮûֱӻشֻЦҪʲôʲôû츳
һǿɣѶͻ˰벽ʥߣ϶ҲˡҶװųԾʵ


ٶʮ ׯ
ҲһɣϲѣұȽ̰ˣһγǸѣǳ棬ĻӦǼİɡŮҲǫ˵
ҶͨոյĽ֣Ҳȷľ磬Ӧûûͻư벽ʥߣʵʵ˵ˣϾӵǿЩӳ벽ʥߵʵ
û뵽һͬ飬һ·ҲįˡҶЦ
˭ͬ飬ҵķ²֪ҪץȥѣҪ㲻ȥĻҾɱ㣬֮ʤߺʧߣٸԼ𡣡
ҶױŮ˵е㲻˼æˣ͵˵ģǴס£Ҳˡ
Ů˿ɫֿ˿ǰ棬ǰ沢ûʲộͽеҼҿջҪ
ҶѾе㲻ͷˣæǰŴŵĵطȥҿջ
ҲܣΪ㣬ҲϵôطӱȥҡŮ
ҶҲûа취ֻÿǰɱһĿ۽磬ȻŮɣɡ
Ҷ׵һοгշУôƯеˣµҲе㶣˴ˤˡ
ŮȻԿٷУȴڵҶףȻҲܲܿѽٶҪʲôʱҵջ
Ҷûа취ֻƴĴ߸ƥɱһɱϰ·̣һȽƫƧĴׯ
ˣҶ׺ŮٶȣҶ׾Ͷ˵ҿǾҹɣǰҲҲĿջˡ
ŮǰһƬߣҲֻõͷǾɣҽȥҵóԺúȵġ
ҶеΣֻǰ棬ӵʱǿĴΧ쳪裬ǳڵӡ
Ҷ˵һջ󣬸˵ǸŮˣֱӾ͸˵ˣǸõطȥϵһ£˵ҹǸ׼һ¡
Ҷæ׼Ǿ׼ѽôõ顣
Ůȴеô𣿲ỨǮ㲻ҪûǮҿɸ˵ûʲôǮģԼǮǾˡ
ҶȴٺЦǮûû£дǮˡ
ҴǮҲûУˣȥҲˡŮֱӾʹͷҶȻе㲻һŮϣǲƽˡ
Ҷ׵ʱҲϾ˴ע⣬ǺǷǳò˹һмС
λǲҪǴѽһλͽϴĴ˵
Ҷæͷ󲮣Ǹ·ûҵջֻˣܹסһϡ
곤ЦҪôˣǿͣǾסɣһᰲŸһġ
ҶױΪûˣŮȴϾ˵УҪ䡣
ҶһŮģҲ˼ѽ˼Ҹһͺܲˣ곤ĴҲû⣬Ц䣬ȥ׼һ¡
ҶҲое㲻˼æͳһŽƱһҲûʲôǮŮһһóһһĽƱҲûиٵֵˡ
󲮣ǵķã¡ҶóƱ͸Ǵ󲮡
Ǵ󲮿˿һĽƱŵҡͷλ͹ҪϷˣϷôûôĽƱϷɲգ˵ˣסһֲʲôǶṩ·˵ס޵ģǾͷĵס°ɡ
һ˵Ҷ׻еж˻治ʹջؽƱŮȴȵ㻹˼Ǯջѽ˼ҲҪ㲻ѽ˼ңĻҪÿ
ҶױŮһ˵ֲ˼ջؽƱˣֵֻݸ˵󲮣㿴㻹°ɣĻӲùѽ
Ǵ󲮿ҶףֿǸŮװŮЦǷǳȤûôƱӣǲѽ
һŮ˵ˣæ°ɣеǮ㲻ҪײҪѽǮȥԺζˡ
Ҷ˲ͱŮĻҭסˣʲô˭ԺζˣǵعͷҪƱʱŮȴѾǣԼķȥҵطϢˡ
Ҷûа취ֻӲǽһĽƱ˴󲮣Ҳֻ£˵ҲֻṩҪĶҪʲô˵
ҶæЦֻҪŪԵľˣæȥк׼ˣһȫ˶е㼤ˣΪǶ֪һ־һƱѽȻ˻ǼٵģϾͱ˷ˣǵȻʶĽƱʲôӡ
Ҷװź֮󣬾ͱԱߣŮһȺŮߣŮȻûôƯһҲǷǳˮ飬ǿüĿӹˣһĻŭţΪŮڵطԼߡ
ŮȻǲˣһŮм䣬ЩŮǸӣǸԵ⣬˰ӣеŮȻ󵨵ιԱ߱Ҷ׸оЩԼҲǲѽôûŮԼιѽ
ȵʱҲǱҶһЩΪһĽƱоЩⲻȥˣкóԵĶóˣȻʲôɽ亣ζɣҲһЩϡҰζʵĹߣһʮ˶Բꡣ
ǻûе֣ŮͽЩóԵĶ˵ԼġӡǰѡųԣŮȴǺо˼ҡڵҶ׵ǰ԰ʱʱĳʹɫжô
ҶЦҪҽŮװ˵ҿ㻹ҺҲֻ룬ûд㸶жĻ϶Ů֮һսˡ
Ա㣬ҶԼĶӾҸطϢǿŮЩŮĹά֮һ㶼оۣʹԼȥϢǵովҪߵʱŮȴ˵Ҫȥ
Ҷεʼ˵ȥ˯ѽȥ
ŮȴȵҲȥʹȥϢʱȥϢ
Ҷ֪Լߣû뷨·һȽصŮ·ҲǲģܺñԼһ·ðɣл˵ҲȻʱôġ
Ҷֻ룬˯ʱǲǷ㻹ôסңѵһ϶˯ЩҶ׾ЦŶŮһĵɪԽǸо档
ǾоʱȻоΧʲô֪ôµʱǿˣҶ˵СӣǶΧˣɱ֡


ٶʮ вŮ
ҶһѵҵˣæʵЩɱжˣǲҵˣ
ȴҿǲҵˣֻһЩܰˣΪǵʵǺǿҲֻǻʾڰˣ㲻õġ
ҶһֻǻʾڵʵǾ͸ûʲôĵˣ˵ǲʲô˻Ӷɣ
Ӧڴӵ⣬Щһ㶼ǴٴׯΪҲһЩɥ顣˵
ߺߣˣǾǵùҪǵôٵġҶ˷ܵ˵
Ҷ׻ûз֣ȴûлȥͬʱ˷ܣϾͱ
ˣˡ
һ𣬱ԱϷȫߵĹͱǹ׸ŮҲæݣǷǳ֯ҲóѾǵһξˡ
Ҷ׿ҲҪŮ뿪ŮȴҡͷʾԼãҶ׶ЦЦŮϾͷһ˵ЦʲôˣϣҿɲЩͼļһｻ֣ҵ֡
Ҷױ˵ҲֻǵͷеӦԵŮˣȴٺЦСӣôϲ˼ˣǵģҲ̫רһ˰ɡ
Ҷû˵Ϲ˵ʲôֻǲѣвŮ֪𣿡
вŮأѾסˣʲôʱʦôѽȴЦ
ΪΪϲ˼׵㣬Ҳûôѽ˵˻ǲģ뿪˵ǱȽġ
Ϳʼ˼ˣ˵ôŵ㣬ϲ˼һʲôĳ˲Ŀڲһѽ˵Լ˾ӣȴ뷨ˡ
˵Ϊϲһ㲻㡣ҶײϻˣʱԱߵ峤ûߣǳĵ˵ӣ㻹ǸϽɣЩҪǮҪġ
Ҷ׺ǺЦ뿴ʲôˣþûк˴򽻵ˡ
峤ĻлˣҲЩʵЦǾ㣬㲻Ҫϣǵֿˡ
Ҷ׵ͷʾͬ⣬뿴ЩûֵûʲôĻҲˡ
̫͹˵ʵˣǶǱ񾳣Ѿǻʾ𣬿϶Ƕˡ˵
ʱϾˣʲôõĵġҶ˵
Ůǰúñһ£ȻŮķİɡᵽŮ
ҶҲˣͽеٺ˵Ժ󶼲ˡ
Ҷ⻰еûзû취ֻҲʶȤȡЦ
ʱȺҲˣڶ࣬һǶŵĴ߰ʮ˶ѣΪΣյǣȺ˵ʵ鵤һЩʵϸߵѾﵽ񾳣Ѿͻǻʾ
෴֮ʵܶ໹ֻйԪֻﵽ˱񾳣Ψһһ峤Ƕ֮ǿһλʵҲֻб۷塣
̴͸ûЩҪ㽫ǵˡ
ܽЩĴȫΧжĿǱǹ֮ķѺǽ֮߳һ֮ʵǿһǻʾ۷壬Ҳ졣
ϼһ־ܣʡӶ֣еǮȫдŮҲ͹Ļӽȫɱ⡣ţҲȷǷǳš
峤һλͺܴߣǷǳƽ΢΢˵ϷΪĴ峤Ҫ۸Ǵ壬ȴϷ̤ȥ
ҶһЦ峤й˵ĻȷΪ峤ֻǶķȴǴŭеϼһΪһһǽһֻһСǰҪǶһˣҲӣǾһȥ
˫ʵԱҲȷˣûκεʤ㣬ǾЩȴûзֿ峤ЦɱôǵֿǾūġ
Ǵһͽеǲ̧ٵĶȻǲҪˣӾͳȫǣϣһ
˲ϰ˾ͳЩҲʼ˫սڰ׷ΧչƵķչԤϵһܿʵ⣬ͱȺܹˣмϾͱڵء
ʱ峤Լ嵽ǰ棬һλҪԴֵܻɱǺܿͱܰΧһʱ䶼
Ƭ̹ѾȫռȻֻǿʲôʱЩȫɱˣڴʱһȴԱߵҶףҶ׺ûж֣Ϊ϶һӣϾͻſҶ׿
ֻϧѡĿ꣬ûеĿ£˷˳ȥҶ׿ʱҲˣٲֵĻ߾˻ˡ
Ҷ׻ߵ˴ǰսЩǴһǻ뽫Ҷ׻סȴҶײǵ󣬶ֱߵǰ
ǷӦʱŷ֣ǰҶ׵һӾɳһ˳ȥһһͣٵģʱһüʲôɳϷ
˲ͱҶ׷ɳȥʮܣһ¿ɰܸˣǶٿҶˣҲûٷˣǴĿҶףǲ֪Ҷô˵ǿ
ߵĴҲ֪ô£Ҷ׾ȻһսһӾ͸ıս֣Ͼ˷ųܷ˹
ΪҶǰ棬ЩһǾæѽﻹȥսǷ׺һֳˣǻʾ֣Ҷ׵Ҳһˡ
Сӣʲôˣôûм㣿ǷҲû̶֣ǳҶ׽е
ҶЦЦʲôˣʲôϵǽׯǵңҾҪʰǡ
ȴǺȵСӣƾ㣬ҪΪԼӾ˲ˣ㲻֪ˣӾȽ㡣
׻ſɱ˹һҲͬɱǻʾڵʵҲǲˣһʱ䣬Աߵս߶ˣҿǰ
ĹҶ׵ǰͲʲôˣҶֻ΢΢һЦȥץǷ׵Ĵ󵶣ͬȥץұ˵Ŀ
ûκεʵǿǰȫһҪСֻҪ־ͿԽССȭͷҶھ


ٶʮ Եɱ
׵ĹȻǳ׺ǵǷԼĹȻͣٵʱ򣬲ſǵȻѾҶ׸ץסˣһһֻһǾ֮ƴѣôѣҶ׵˫ֶץסǣûκεԴ򿪡
Ҷ׶ЦҺýûɱˣĻһҪǵǵΪҪģҶ׺ȻһŤ׵ĸ첲һˣͬʱҶ׵˫ȭֱӺ׵ĸ׵ĸ˲䱬ѣһΪȫʧ
̶˲䣬ѾǻʾʵһʵˣһԵĴΧ˶ǰô£ȲʤȯģôһǾͰˡ
ʱҲ֪˵ʵжǿˣǵϴ˵ǰ˵Ĳһһ֮ڱΪǾ͸˵ˣϰٸŵæܣȥ׷ʱĴҲӦˣһ¸߲ҵĽΪҶ׺Ȳʡ
ʱǷȴʹļ׵ĽеСӣҷҵΪ֪ҵϴ˭˲õˣ
Ҷһ˵ЩˬȻ˵ҲΪͷû뵽㻹𱨣Ҿһ̰ɡ
˵Ҷû飬һֱӽױˣɱҲܶĶˡ
һŵ˵æԼļˣҶ׿˿ǣû׷ȥͬЩҲû׷һϻ˵ĺãĪ׷
ߵǳᣬֻʮˣƲأܿͻָҲҶ׳ԭ򣬵ֵĻЩ˾ûôˡ
еĴ񶼽ҶΧҶһӾͳΪǵӢˣҵĳ֮ԱʱЩ׸ŮҲˣڷҲҶӢ۰սĶѪڣرЩŮϾͽеעҶ׵ˣһĻŭţС¹ײѽ
峤ߵҶ׵ǰ˵ӣлˣϷһʼͿӷһˣӹȻˣϷȫٸлӵľ֮
ҶæЦ峤ȿҲֻǾ֮ͶѣûгʲôҲɣҪûͣҲû취ˡ
ԵѽģǵĹˣӵĴ£ȫ˶ģǲ֪ΪʲôԱǵĸм֮顣
ҶæҡͷҲҪʲôֻǳһѣûʲôǻǲҪ̫ˡ
ʱԱߵλŮȴ˵峤㲻øģûлʲôСʲô˵ġ
ЩЩоˣΪҶ׵ѣҲ˵ʲôҶҲֻ˵˵ĶԣֻǴ˼С޶ѣûʲô
峤ϾЦڹ˵С£˵ǾǾ֮ѽˣӺúõķ̡
ϾʮŮ˹ȿֺΪҶ׷̣һҶ׾ԱߣιԶιȶͺ͸ոźŮһĴ
һŮе㲻ˣҲû취ֵģԼҲֻĿҶ׺ܵӣʱʱһŮǷ߷߲ƽ
ܵʱҶҲһ飬Ǵ峤˵ոǷ׵Ļʲôǲǻбˣ
峤εĵͷ֪һӵķͽҲֻһС֧ѣһпķͽ䣬ǧˣ﷽ԲķΧ챻ɱֻһ֧
ҶҲǷΪʲôԼ˵ԭиǿķףʵ峤֪ʵǵķʵô
峤æݴţİʵǻʾɣžͽп£ĴգʵҲǻʾСɣʵǲǵģǣԲ֮ڵĲûһǣÿ궼ϹϹĻͻᱻռǽΪûа취֧ҪķãԲű׷ɱ
ﻹͦŵġҶ룬ǻʾɼϼǻʾСɣһļȷǲˣͲʲôˡ
峤˵һǶ˹ˣҲҪ뿪׼ȥĵطˣѾǡ
ҶæʵǼ׷ɱ𣿡
峤ͷˣǲ׷Źǵģǽ컹ɱǵһСͷĿǱ뾡뿪ϷѾͿʼ뿪ˡ
ҶҲǣʵŰģȻˣȻҲҪܹܣ˵ǸСͷĿɱġ
ҶҪ˵ʱŮȴ˵峤õģڣ˵ʲôˣҲ£֤ǰȫ£Ǿﲻˣᱣǵġ
ŮĻô峤ҲǺǺһЦҡҡͷϷùΪǶ鷳ǿİʵ̫ǿˣֶ࣬ȻӵкǿʵҲѵֵҴ͹뿪ˣӸһҲᱻ۵ġ
Ůȴ˵峤ѵҵĻҶ˵ˣ㲻õģǿﻹ㲻ʲôûʲô²ǻҿĴ硣
˻һΧе˶о𾪣ҶѾǷǳˣ˾Ȼ˵Ҷ׵Ĵ磬ҵȻţæҶס
ŮһҶţ϶Ҷ˵ǣǲѽƽʱҪҴ𣿡
Ҷ֮ǰͱŮҪ磬ŮƺСܣҲŮ죬͵ͷ˵ûȷҵĴ磬ҲȷǱܶ࣬ڣǾɣǻǵġ
һΧĴըˣԭüĿӾȻҶ׻Ҫһе㲻ţϾδؾͺֻҶ׳֣ȴûп˶֡
峤ǵĵ˵ȻλԸǣҲƽ޹ʵǣܲѽ
Ůȴ˵ֲҪǱʲôʲôõĵģҪߣǾƾˣܴǵ𣿸Ͳܣ㲻ǲǵĴɣ
Ů˵峤ȻҡͷҵȻ룬ҵȻ롣
ŮЦⲻˣǼúõ˯Ҳˣڣ֤û¡
峤룬ֿ˿ҶףҶ׵ҶҲͷ峤Ҵİɣ˵ûǿﶼˣҲܶԸ


ʮ Ϲѽе
ҶĻ峤ʱƽˣҲ첻뿪ˣϾҲ֪뿪ҲӲ׷ɱ
ֶǰ˭ﶼɲΪǾͿҪٿΧˣҲĽˡ
Ҷ׿Ҳûа취ǰģֻеȵսʱˣߵǸŮǰ£˵磬㻹һ˳𣿡
Ůȴǲм˵ѵһǻʾɼǻʾСɾͶԸˣĻϹˡ
ŮһЦҶҲЦǶԷϾмǧ˵ӣҲֻѽû⣬һ˵Щô죿
Ůգգ˵㲻ɱǷף˲Ǿͱˣ㲻Ҫң鶼첻ðɣ
Ҷ׻еѰ죬һȫҲǧˣԼɱһӽôܣŮ˵İ취Ӧûʲô⣬ɱǵ죬ҲŸˡ
磬㿴ѾôʱˣҲˣ˵˵Ĺ°ɡҶŮ
ŮȴϾĽе˭ˣ㲻ҵķ²ѣҴΪ뱻˻ɣ㻹ôˣĻҾͽʡ¡
ҶױһӻңҲǲ˵˯ﲻ˯һͲˣ
˭Ҫ˯һ𣬳ˡŮ˵֮һ죬ҲԼ˵ʲôæĿ˵ģҲŲҪһ˯ˣĴҲˣǲֵģԼŰ졣
ҶεҡҡͷŮĺѽҲ˵˵ѣҪǸҲֵġ
Ҫȥ˯ˣҪҪһȥҶֿʼϷŮ
˭ҪһȥߣŮ㣬ҶûʲôˡŮ˵˵
Ҷ׿ΧȻܶŮǺĿԼеܲˣ׼뿪峤ҪߣæʵǲҪȥ˯ˣ
Ҷ׵ͷе㷦Ϣ
峤æߵļŮ˵ȥӷ˯
ûȴ峤˵꣬ʮŮͳȥҶΧסֽǷſڣһƬ֮УҶ׶оеˡ
Ƚ뷿䣬ŮȿֺҪҶ·Ҷ׿ɴûܵĴˣһУæڰ˵ˣлλˣԼˣȻȥɡ
ʮŮһ˵ǺǵЦǿҶǺߣ͸ˣҪҶ£Ҷûа취ѽܲܽԷƿɣ·ѵֻʣˣһҶ׸æץס˵ڲˣѾûˣ˯ˣǻȥɡ
ЩŮŰݣ׷״ӷʱߴߴЦ̸Ҷף˵ǺߣЩԵŮҲúЦԭһȻһ´ѽҲˣʲôͼ
Ҷڷ˯£˯Ҳ̤ʵһ˯ʱͿⶼյԼķˡ
Ҷ׸æûд·ƿ˷ţոƿŵʱϾŮǰڸ밲
ˣǸ׼ϴŮϾͶˮëҶϴһ֮Ůְ£ܿŮ㣬ǳʢҶҲûпȳԺ֮ԱߵһŮӽûʲôɣ
Ůæ˵һжƽûʲô
Ҷ׵ͷǾͺãҪ·ĻҲûа취˯ˣԺ֮Ҷ׾ͳ˷ţľɫȫͬˣģΧﻨ㣬ȻһǳĻҲǷǳĲˡ
ҶһʱȴһŮ˵棬ڲҲ˼
Ҷ׻ͷһͿŮѾվǰˣŮһİ£ͬһ˸оףŮװһӡ
㴩治ֱһŮӲƯˡҶϾݿЦˣ֪Ůġ
ŮϾͱ۾Ϲˣеġ
ҶȴǺǺһЦ˵ǸŮľ͸Ưˣֲ˵Ļ
Ů˵𣬲ǼСŮˣɲʲôˣרŶЩŮ֣СıƭˡŮֶҶߵļŮ˵
⼸ŮȻĻһŮĿҶ˵ҪǹܶǻͺˣĸԸġ
ŮŮĻ˵ˣ˿ҶףͿҶĿԼǸѽҲûа취
˭֪Ҷ׾ȻֵĽԼĸ첲˵Ůϣﻹ˵ʲôѽȥ档
ŮʱĻŭˣæ˵ҽС٣ȥɣСٺøѽ
Ҷ׺Ůĵ飬Ůɫˣ֪ô£ǿҶ׵⣬˵ǰŮӵˣֱ۾ѽ
Сܣ㻹ҵϷŮôʰ㣿Ů̲סˣҶ׾ͽе
Ҷȴ£ߵŮ˵Ҵ粻ȥˣȥˡ
ЩŮͲˣֻŮҶһףȴûгְԶ԰Ůĸоһӵ˹ȵףŮȻ˵ǻŰŮ
ŮǿĶû취ˣֻͶе߶Ҷ׵ˣСӣҪǶʲô뷨Ļһʰ㡣
˵ת뿪ˣǻصԼķúõ߼ŮæҶΧסһŮ˵Ǹ̫ˣΪʲôҪѽÿζװͰ͵ģ㻹Ҫ
Ҷ׾Цǲ֪ʵ˻ǲǲ֪ô˵ѣǲҪ˵ˣȥ档
Ҷ״żŮȥ˵ģȻҲڸߵ̫Զһ磬ӲûʲôΣգҶҲص˴ŮҲҶŮߣŮߵôСŮˣ
ҶԴЦ˾ӣܸ𣿡
˾ӣҪЦҵĴҾûмеĲɫģ㻹⡣
ô˵ĺԼŮһѵ㲻еģҶ׷ʵ
Ůһ۵еҲ㲻һɫαӡ
ŮһñӣҶ׸оеΣûʲô£ɾʱȴ˵ˣ׼׼ˡ


ʮһ ʵ
Ҷ΢΢һƽǺ죬ʲô飬㿴𣿡
ٺ٣ⲻǵ黹ʲôѵҪѹ·ѽȴǴȤ
ø˵ôп𣿡Ҷ׸æ˵
ͷˣ벻·ˡ
жˣҶæʵ
һٶ˰ɣʵȴϵҪǿܶˣǻʾСɣǿϴӦû˵
һٶˣûʲô⣬ǻʾСҲġҶŵ
ʵǿŮֵģҲ֪ʲô·ѽȻ
б֣û£ҲַɡҶû˵
Сӻϧ񣬲ʵɣʱʹ㻵ҲǺ£ϲģŮӶϲһо˵
ǺúõĴɣٸҳˣҿûװͰ͵ģȵҼλҶҡͷ
ͲˣԽŮԽζĻԽԽ¶ˣҶĶܣ˵ϼһ㲻Ҫ˵ˣǵҿɲ֪һ˻ϲģǺҵˡ
Ҳ֪Լ˵еˣæЦ͵û˵˰ɡ˯ȥ
û˵ʱŮҲо쳣Ҷ˵ˣھͿˡ
ҶȻ죬ĻȴˣҶ׾Ц磬Ҫһϰɣ㿴ҳ֣˶ҵӢۣˣ̫ίˣ
ŮҲеڴ˶Ҷ׵ӢۣûǰҶһ˵ҪԸҲֻĶ֣СϺôҳֵġ
Ҷһ⻰æЦǺð죬һοϴ˾ˣҲڴǰúõıֱ֡
ŮȻû̴ӦȴҲûзԣֻ˵һûˣΪĶͽˡ
ŮҲǵĵϸˣҶֻЦЦʱͽĶѾٴΰΧһΣȻбΪǰΧȫ֡
һٶֽңʱ׼䣬ǿһĻʱҲǴһȻһЩʵȴûа취ֵסһٶĹֶͨĹ֣ǵʵڱ֮ϣǵĹֲͨȵġ
÷ͽĵĹҲֻǿߣһǿ߾Ҷˣͽ֮߳ˣڵľͳҶˣΪѾϳɱСͷĿľˡ
СӣȻûߣͱˡһλ׺ȵ
Ҷ׿˿ףȫǻʾСʵʵӦҶﲻʲôֻҪ˼ΧĴ񣬰ǵֵסһٶ๭ֵϮ
СôɱǣҿɣһЩɵ˵
ɲҪСˣӳĵ˵ǵɳһӳȥһоͱİ϶еͷһ˵
ֵҲһ꣬ʲôˡվǰķֽеСӣɱǵˣǵ죬㣬ôȫ
Ҷ׳Цû°ɣбµĻͺҽҪΪЩ񡣡
ǺǣСӻӢѽӻᣬ㵽жı¡һλķվ˵
ӣ㲻ҪӲģûбҪһײͬ
ȴЦ϶ҲС˰ɣСƨѵҿֻ֣ĹǲǼˡ
Ǳ϶ĻҪֹͷһ˵϶ùһﶷһҲ뿴жǿʵ
һ˵ǵڶҲͲ˵ʲôˣס󿳵˳ָҶ׾ͽеСӣҵʮеĻӾͷ㣬ô
ҶЦһʮУһжˣЦҲģһеĻҾͲ֡
ҿôѽһѽֻϵĹɣҿô
Ӵһֱӽ󿳵Ҷ˹һʱϬɱһ˺ѵ
治ϧʵ˵㡣Ҷ΢΢һЦֱǿԼͷľƶֱӽԷץס
ûκεʽľһʵб¾ܱ׼ǿץסһи㶨
ǴҲǻʾСɵĸ֣ΪһɱҲܰҶŸû뵽ڷǱԷһӾץס󣬺͸Ĵ򷨡
ֻʵ⣬ŻĴ򷨣һ־ͽȫƣǰǸһѣʵҪǿ͵ĳҶһȭҪҶ׵ࡣ
ֻϧȭͷûеͱҶֱӸ˦һǻʾĸ֣ȻҲЩͽһ˲ͱɳҶֱӸ˳ȥûκε
һ¿ɰе˸סˣǿǻʾСɵǿѽҶ׵ȻɳҶ׵жǿѽ
ǻʾСɵķ׶ģӵʵ˭֪ȴһ㿴ңҿ㣬Ͼͽ
磬һĻҪѽ϶ŵöеɫˡ
㲻ҪģҲֻһˣǻôĵ֣֣ɱҲսʤ
Ȼ˵ȴûаգӶɳҲ࣬ô
еĹ׼ȫҶ׼һҵҪӲҵĹΧĹ˵
һٶֻȫ׼ҶףҪǱеĻͷ˿ˣҶ׸ûʲô£ʹûзƾʵͬЩ˵ϴһס
ҷż⵶ԾȥҲܲǶ֣ùȷлٳ֡
һɲǼһٶֻǻȳһҶ׷Ҷûжһ£ֱһ֧ǰȻһΧһɿµ˲ͽеȫ˳ȥͬʧȥȫ䵽˵档
һУ̺ǿ׵ΧĴ֪ҶױĻҪֱս񣬴ս񣬴Ҷʱİٱ


ʮ 
˾ͻˣôûа취˵Ҷ׷ֺ⻹ôǵҲģϾ䣬䡣
ЩϾϼҶѾǻˣ˿ǵϵֺȻһǿȫ˰֮УȻҶֺȵҷšһٶֻ˲䱻ȥ׼ȷĳеĹȥٶȺЩٶȸǿЩܶÿôͬʱеĹȫأǵ϶һֻԼ
ҲǸǵĻرɣҶһ˲佫һٶλĹȫɲ˭ģǿʵûսķŵȶ£ͲһȼϵĽѽ˿±ǵĴ绹Ҫѽ
ӲûжǵıѾˣһǿĶֱ֣ѽǺڣڰǰܣӦðһˡ
Ҷ׿˿ŵļһ΢΢ЦôˣողҪɱǿˣһϰɣҲ⡣
ŵҡͷǵȻϣһɱһٶ񾳵Ĺ֣ǾֵܵģɫҲ͸ѿˣͰ͵˵磬治֪ô֪ĻͲˡ
ҶЦ˼˵ҪҵʵĻˣǻһ𣿡
ǵͷϾҡҡͷʾ˼Ҷ׿⸱ûгϢӣҲûдɱǣǴȥǵİ
Ҷ׾Ͷ˵Ҿ˵ĹȥǵĴ˵һ˵ȥȲģϴɾڼҰɡ
һ⻰ɫʱͺÿ˺ܶ࣬ͷһһ
Ҷȴ˵ȻҿԷǣǾˣҲ̫ˣҲɱ˲ˣӦҪǵΪҪǶ죬ÿһֻ첲Ϳˡ
һ׶ʱŵöˣҪǶԼĸ첲ôãһײ˵Ǻ漲۶ȥ
ܣûôףҶץסѿವһͷ˳ȥѿ׵ĸ첲׻ڷɱ֮УȴԼһֻ첲ӲĸˣǾȻûʱҲֻ˵Ҷ׵ʵ̫ǿˣûиκεʱ
ô׽һսеĴǴ⣬ǵڻսѾˣֱҶ׻ͷЦǱҴˣǰȫˡ
еĴ֪ǵΣսˣͬʱǶ嵽Ҷ׵ߣһѽ̧Ҷ׿û뵽Ѿ׵˰֮У˷ܵĽţӢۣӢۡ
ȵҶ׺ò״˶֮ҲһЦݣ峤ߵǰѾݺˣ˵˵ӣǵľѽ벻ǿϷ۽ˡ
ҶæЦЩһǺ׵飬ûʲô
Ůæ˵峤̫ˣСëҪǽ˵ĻôҵСܡ
Ҷױ˵Ҳֻò˵ˣ峤æȥеĴΧķͽޱȳݵӵҶףЩŮѾԼһӵˣһ˫˫۾޲Ҫðˡ
峤æȥ׼ƲˣҶ˴峤Ŀ峤ʵӣո˵ҪȥǸİ𣿡
Ҷ׵ͷ˵ģѾȥˡ
Ҷ֮ҪΪҪ֤Լ뿪֮ҲǰȫģǾֻи취ﳹ׵Ĵݻ٣Ҫﳹ׵Ĵݻ٣ȻҪȽϴˡ
峤Ļȴҡͷв̫ΣˣǿϳмǧӵǹƥȥΣ̫󣬲ȥ
Ҷȴûʲôģಢһã֮ԲȿķˣҲΪЩһǧĻٴҲûа취չôˣѡȥҿ
峤İɣջеģﲻĻҲûа취棬ǾҵĺϢɡ
峤˵Ҳ֪Լû취ıҶ׵뷨ˣͶҶ˵ϷеĴڼΪģտ
Ҷںʹ峤˵Ůȴ˹һ˵˭ȥҿˣоҵͬ𣿡
Ҷ㻹ҵСˣЦһҲͬģҲῴЩ񱻿׷ɱɡ
Ҳ뿴ҲҪȸңȫŮԽԽˡ
ҶεʼѾ˵ˣܲҲȥɣ
ǵᣬҪһȥʡ·ˡŮ˵
ٺ٣֮ѽȥ˻ܰңҶæЦǵȻûһôĶ
˭֪Ůȴ˭Ҫˣȥֵģģԥʲôϵ㲻õĶԼ顣
ҶֻĬĬʺһŮҲаɣҹһҲԣԱ߿ְɡ
⻹࣬˵ԸЩ˻ӣһɱһٶˣһͦ˵ġ
ôеĽˣĶˣҶ׸æȤ
Ůʱһ죬Ҷһ£ָо񲻺ʣæջСֵ˭Ľˣ˵˵һĽĶ
Ҷ׺ٺЦ˵ҲѽҪȻͲˡ˵ŻĿ⿴ŮزŮҲĿ⣬ɫ죬תȥȴ룬쵰ѾǸŮİɣұװǱˣû취ѽ·ϻҪСĵˡ
㿴ʲô˼ʲôÿģŮһۡ
ôоؾȻһҪѽһǳҶҲԽԽ޳ˣ·ҲûŮ۸ֻҲ
Ůɫˣеطʲôϵģ˭㣬ôݡ
Ҷ׾͸ǻЦˣٺЦ˵Ҳѽģû취ˣôŬҲû취ôˡ
һ仰ʱŮľҶ׺ȵ˵ʲôʲôģʲô˼
Ҷ׼Ůˣ֪ѾԼˣæĿڵûʲô˼ѽԼĻˣ˵ˣ˵˵ɡ
У˵˵ʲô˼ŮȴŹҶףҪ˵


ʮ ͵ҽ
ҶֻʼҲû˼ֻǸоеŮӰˣֻѣ㻹еѽ
ҶҲװе㻳ɣŮһЩģԼһŷ񶨣Ů͸ǻˡ
Ϲѽһе㿴ǵģһɫˣеĶŮˣҿҪ㱣һˣĻ˭֪ʲô뷨
ŮȻеˣҲ±Ҷ׿رҶѾˣ뿪Ҷ׼Ҷױ־롣
ҶװͲأԼԼҪ徻һᣬ飬ҲǰĶȹһϡ
ڴӴһƬϲʱڰ￪һطȴһ־ǿܲǧ˶ۼΧ·Χȫǿˣ·˵ص޲ƵУҳ
ǵ͵Ĵҽİɣǵİ֣٣˭ĶʲôֻҪֵǮģһɶǻ˾ҲҪ·ǮǵĹء
һѾϰˣ˵˲֪˲ѽΧĳͼ޲ÿ궼Ҫṩ߼ٽңңҪǲĻУͿܽȫȫչɱ⣬ǿ׺֮û˲ҶϹ
صȴ⣬һССĴӲûϹȻһɱǼͷϰٵˣϢʱİԼҵˤһصĶ
ﱿȻһССĴӶ㲻˵ʲôô棬һλĴ󺺴
ĶǹżͷĿǱҶ׸˸첲ķףǸողŴӹŹӳڻصԼңֱϴǳ⣬ȴûκεķҲΪԼ̫ˡ
һ⣬С̫ˣȻһ˲佫еĹȫɱʵǴûѽӻķ׸æƱ
˵ЦɣһӾɱôĵ֣ôܣЩֶǱ񾳵ĸ֣ȻǺǿһٶ˼Ҳ˵𣿻ΪԼʧҽڡ
磬ҷ˵ģҲǼٵģѾһٶ๭ѾȻֻǴһͽеȫˣʵҲǵһμ
ڶͬ˵ǿҲǲòеˣʵǿʵôһˣ˵һαװǿ߰ˣΣɱǵˣҾҪѪծѪһȥãҪԽɱˡȵ
һ⻰ɿˣ뿪Ҷ׸˵ĻֲòðյĶԿ˵ϴС˵
˵ʲôµƵģ˵ͷ˵
ֻôϴ˵Ҫϴ󡣡
ʲôҪӣӻҪȥҲǴһˣϾ˷ܵЦӾ͵ڼңҲʡˡ
һæϴǲҪ÷׼
˵ʲô÷Ϊһˣ㲻ڴԼĶƽʱİȥˣôһͳˣڲ뿴㣬ҪٿĻɱ㡣
һ⻰ŵøæ˳ȥЦСӣȻұ֤Ҳزȥˡ
ڶ죬Ҷ׼ʱ𴲣ȥŮΪҲҪȥԸҶŮķſڣȻһаͷ֪ŮŮװ˯ʱǸʲôӡ
ûţĵĿſڣʱȴǺȻЦСӣװʲôߣڵıĿ¶˰ɣһ
Ҷױ˵еˣæֻǺѣ˯ǲҲŮװ
ϻ͵ҽڡЦ
ҶûٸϻСĵƿһŷ죬ŷĹ߳濴ȥͿĴϣһŮ棬Ǹʵزһ࣬ԭŮ˯ʱҲҪѽزĺܴѽ
Ҷ׿һĻҲЩѪڣҺæסæջĿ⣬ڴʱȻһŭȣ˭ҹ
ҶҲֻ˵ңȥȥҿ鷳
ŮϾͺȵոǲ͵ң
ҶæƱѽǸողŵòã˵һеʲôÿģûŽȥͲˣھŽȥˡ
ŮϾͻˣæе㲻һû·
ҶװųԾ˵㲻˯ɡ
˯ŮϾ
ʲôˣҽȥܿʲôܿĵط𣿡Ҷæ
㲻ҪͲҪҴҪŮȻǼˣҶ״Ϊֻ£¶ѽ
ǺðɣҾſڵ㣬ɣѾˡҶ׾ʹߴٵ
Ů治ͷĻӦһ䣬Ҷ׾ͿĵվſĶŮµʱֲʧʱ˵벻͸ӵĹѽ
ҶһϾɫ˭Ҫʲô͸ӵĹܣҪѵ͸ӹܣ
ٺЦȻ㶼ҪϷ˵ʲôˡ
Ҷ뻹˰ɣаѧĺãԼɫ˵ҲûѧЩ⣬ûкô
ҲǵͷСӴȷʲôöʲô壬ܻôһֻע޷Уȷûô
ոŮĲɣ׷ˣһ·ҲиŮŲ𣿡ֵ٩
Ҷȴûзֻʼ뷨˼ҲԸ⣬ûһ·϶ǶװͰ͵ôݡ
Ͳ˰ɣŮʱһںı֣Ժע֪ˣҿŮѾһĺøˣֻûз϶ѡŮϲһһǲڱϵġ
ľˣҲôӣ˳Ȼɣ˵ˣҪǸˣôԵҵŮѡҶæ
Ͳи檺ѽĸ˲ǶкüŮģŮֲߣҸҲûʲôϵȰ
Ҷ׺ȻʵôҺŮĹϵǳѽҪҺϣ㲻ʲôĿİɣ


ʮ Ůļ
ȴҲûзֻ΢΢һЦСӴʵɣŮݷͬһ㣬Ȼ֪ʲôĵӣϷ۹⣬Ӧ½ļ֮һܺϵĻԺͻӵĿˣЩԴ붼벻ģʵˣϷʱҲͼӿˡ
ҶϾ˵˵ôҺ飬ԭͼıȻĻеҲɵֶȥƭһŮӣҿˡ
СӾͲҪ̫ˣһ᲻Ҫˣ㻹벻ȥұˣڵʵҵİ벽ʥ߶򲻹ȥǵļ屨𣿼ֱȥѽϷҪ㣬ֻһִ߶ѣɱҶҵˣ˵ļܴܴ󣬿ûа취ģҪȥļ屨Լɣжѣڲҵһʵİ취ҿһҲ˳𡣡
ҶĻҲĬĬ˼ţĻûڵٶѾܿˣǵΪֹûа취һ½˵ҵʥ߽ˣұļ壬͸Ҫ˵ˡ
Ҷ׵ȷЩĶˣҪúʵˣȥΪȥƭһŮĸ飬ģƷʾġ
ôǶԼ飬ҲԱ˲ε飬㻹ǲҪҳˡҶ˵
̾˵С֣ǺðɣʦҲ˵ˣԼΪ֮
ʱҲˣŮ˳ҶվԱߣͽеһľͰ˼ҳˣ㻹ûһ㹫ѽ
Ҷε˵ⶼʲôʱˣٹһᶼҪ緹ˣܲܵȳ緹߰ɡ
Ůȴ˵ʲôԵģƽʱڼﶼ˯ʱģΪ㣬˯ˣѵ֪û˯õĻϵġ
Ҷһ⻰Ц㲻ŮһɣҲ
Ůһ죬æˣµģ˼ֲߣ
ҶֻεĺһˣᵽŮһûа취˵ʲôģҲûа취˵ԼĿֻҪˣʱܽ뷨ˡ
ڰ·ϣҶ׾Цոմ˶ء
ŮϾͣ˽Ųʵʲôѵ˵ʲô
ҶæҡͷģȻ˵ǵĻֻ˵㲻ҵϴ෴㵹ҵֵܡ
˭ֵܣҾϴ۾ϹˡŮϾͲ˵˵
Ҳ֪ǱϾ˵ȻеģҿҪȻǾֳƺɣ˵ˣһеΣյĻһ˵ϴǻ˿϶ҪˣСܵǲˡ
Ϊһﻹû˭ҶҶ֣ҪˡŮ˵
˵ҾûǳƺĺãҲ̫㱻עˡ
Ҷ׵һ仰Ůе㶯ˣΪǲעαװеģҲҶ˵ЩˣͶ˵Ǻðɣͽҵ֡
ǲ֪ôƺ㣿ҶһˣǲҪˡ
Ů˵ͽɡ
ĸǷķǷķҶϾ͵Ϸ
𣿿϶ǵһˣڶŮӲе֡ԳŮ˵
ȴ룬ұͽֻǸһְͬˣƭƭɵϻס
֣֣һǴĵӣԺҾͳƺˡҶæά
ãаɣý硣Ůǲһ䡣
ʱȴȻҶ˵СŮӿ˵һԼˡ
Ҷæȵʵʲôһ֣ʲô˼
æ֪½һӴļ壬Ϸ㣬Сӿܾĵӡ
Ҷȴôͬæ˵Ϲɵģ϶ء
ȴЦһ£Ҹ֣ͬȥԼļ˭Ҳȥĸı䣬ֻȲѵ£Լ˼֣㻹ǶҶӦҲҲ˵ҵĵӡ
ĻҶҲоеԼҲǴյģΪҪǸˣǶԼĲˡ
ʱһҲԼļ壬ܳһʱˣ˿϶ҲЩģһ뵽飬ͲȥˣԲԸӱ˵ָӣԼ顣
һγȫ͵͵Ӽ֮ӳģĻûа취Ǹҵĵӣµһ㶼ûֻ֪ǣļĴѰ䡣
ЩĲģ͸ˣɫԽԽѿҶҲɵɵ·ʵҶںֻ֪ͨѣͽĻҶ׵ϡ
쵰һҶӶˣô죿
Ҷױ˵ѹͷûôͶˣҲûдʲôԵġ
ҲܣڶӾͶˣҪȥŪԵģĻͱȥˡˣ
Ҷûа취ǰ棬мҰ̣ڵӣæЦǰаˣȥ԰Ӱɡ
Ůȴһм˵ҲŲҪʲôӣȥԺˣԺ󳤵ҲͰһ
Ҷֻˣǰ滹һСԣ֪ʲôæҪȥ￴
ҲûзԣȷеҶ׸æһСԣ˿棬񻹲һЩСԣҶ׾ѯҪ˼С³ԡ
磬ҿ϶Ǯɣôб£ҿ϶һܴļǰɣжǲǱһ󣿡
һ⻰ϾͲмƨѽܺǼ𣿡
ҿ϶ܴˣ˵½һңļ壬㲻ҵĵӰɣҶҲϾ̽
ոճԽСæе˵ʲôϹµĻҶס͡
ҶһţѾȷ϶ҵĵˣҶҲһˣ벻ԼȻһӣ֪Ǻ»ǻѽ
ϣǺ°ɣҶĬţڴʱСԵ˼ˣ⼸Ҷһ۾ϳˣΪǾǿˡ
ֻЩûмҶףǲûвμսֻǵķװ¶ǵݣҲǿŵı֣˭綼˱ᡣ
⼸¾ӽϰϳԵģϰ岻ҲӣæСԣһ˵벻ǿҲᱻ˸ʰˣһʰôңϴ󶼱ɱˣһﵽʲôͷѽ


ʮ Եķֳ
˭֪ʲôͷ˵ǻҪȥǰˣǲ֪ΪɱǼСͷͷ˲ˣһһȥ޻ءһ˵
ҿûô򵥣СɱǼϴ󣬶˵Ǽֱɱǵļϴûл֮ʵ¾ǰҲɡ
СҲ̫˰ɣȥǿǿＸǧŵĵ֣ڰѾȫ׼˾ͱˡ
ҶҲ֪Ѿ׼ӭԼˣñҲģʵǿӦġ
ҶײʾԼʱȴȻվҡڵߵǼķͽԱߣȻ˵Ǽ˵Ǹ˾أ벻ʶʶ
⼸ͽ֪ðһϸƤģֿ˿ҶףͬҲ࣬͹ЦСӣɣȻǿΪĸѽ
ȴҲֻЦҸǣҪҵǸӵĸ֣б¾ȥɱ˵ǲģ
Ҷﶼڽп࣬Ϊǲ⼸ˣǶ˵ǲڸԼ鷳һС£´˵Ǵˡ
ǼͽģҲûôɫˣһ󺺿󿳵ͶеСӣѽƾҲðǸ֣Уһ˴ġ
ȴһת˵Ҷ˵бȽʰˣǲ˵ġ
Ƿͽϸ˿ҶףȻЩԾԱߵ˵Ǹӵĸ֣˵ˣĺࡣ
˵ЦˣҪԷȥ֪ˡһ˾˵
˾е㲻ˣæҪǵĻҾˣҿһϰɡ
ķͽץ˿ȴǰһ˵ҿǻǸϽȥɣǲǣðץ
Ҳͷʾͬ⣬Ҳ붪һҪǵĻǼġ
ͽ뿪һɲˣҶ׶֣ԼÿϷû뵽⼸һôСȻµˣϾͷס⼸˵ȥ·˵һûϢļһһģûϢֱɱǰɡ
⼸ͽһǿɲһ𿳵Ϳ˹ﻹеΪǸѽ
û뵽ովؿھͱһֱӶ˲ʧȥս̱ڵأʣͽһŵܶˣ˵˵˸˵ȻĴ磬ǻȥǸпģ˵Ѿˣ׼ӭǡ
ĻҶһΣⲻԸԼ鷳ˣԼȥг䲻⣬ںˣ˼Լ·ˣ˵ڼȫװ׼ˡ
ͻȥ߰ͻȥͽͷҴææ뿪ˣֻصҶ׵ߣЦе˵ôˣ˵Ͼˣǳӭ㡣˰ɡ
Ҷ֪ϷŪԼֻҡҡͷ㲻˵ҪɱôֽǷˣȥȥǵģȥɱǵģǣǸӵ𣿡
ȴǺǺЦͰסѽԸЩСϺףҪǲһѵĻҲ̫ûȤ˰ɣΪѽ
Ҷ׸оЩֻõͷ˵Ķ԰ɣԣԺ˰ɣǾ߰ɣ˵ǿѾǰץˡ
ȴЦҪĻͺˣҲʡôԶ·ҵĽŶˡ
Ҷ׵㲻з𣿲˼·ͽˣ
ΪѽҵĽŽءȵ
Ҫұ߰ɣòãҶ׺ȻЦ
ҲŲҪһ˱һˣʲôӣ붼ġϾŻ
ҶֻҲķҲǺܿ죬Ƶĳǰȥеʱ䡣
Ҷ׻Ϊɽ·ϻɱԼ˺ܳʱ䣬ȻûһɽˣҶ׾ЦѵǴڼȥ
ҿ׼ˣһ˵ĻҲ£֪ҪĴˣͲò϶ڼȫս˵
ҶеܲܲҪѽ㣬Ҳɣûǰ¶ʵ
ߺߣͲ˰ɣͽȻû¶ʵǵսľͣ£ǸӵĿԼ
⻰ҶĶֱҡͷЦҿҼܿԼļһҲ˵ˡ
㲻ǺãǾԣôʰġϾͣ˵
Ҷ׿ɲʱ֣֪ʵɲѷɫҶæڰֵһ˰ɣ˰ɣһҪʡͿｻ֡
ʱҪľһ㣬ҪһһӾȨɱˣǶû˼ѽҪɱһһɱǲŽй񫡣Ц
ɱ֪жٷͽ𣿺üǧѽҪĻɱֶҪˣҪҲ̫˰ɡ
ҲʵʵĻɱҹҲ۵ģҲûôʱ俴֣͸һʱɱɣɱˣȥǵĲƱ˷ܵ˵
Ҷæ㲻˵Ǯ㲻ϡЩôҪ˼ҵĲƱ
ȴЦͲˣŽд̼֪ҪԼеģҲϡҪǴӱ˵ģʲôǺõģŽд̼
ҶҲǵͷˣ˵ôôϲ˼ҵϹţԭԭ򡣡
˭˼ϹˣǮ֪ǿҲкüǧˣĲƱ϶Ҳ٣ʱĻɣ˷ֳɣҰô˵
ʲôأҶû˵ɣڿȥԸͲ㻹ҪˣǸɴȥԸɣʲôҪġҶϾͽе̰Ҳֻ˵ɡ
һҶ̬ȣæм˵ˣСǮ𣿱ӻϡɣֳ˰ɣߡ
Ҷֻȫѽε˵㻹ĴѽһӾһ֣Ҷ˵˶ģֻҪ־С
ôɣѾܴˣٲеĻҾͲˡæ˵
Уɣô˵顣Ҷ׷Ե
˺ˣֳɣôˣҾԲֵıҶֵ࣬Ķ࣬ҲҪҲǰ׷֡в


ʮ ϳ
ҶҲ֪Ƣ϶ǲӦԼĶ࣬͵ͷãֳɣ㻹ҪӦҸ
СӸʲôѾòôˣ㻹ʲôϾͲͬˡ
ҶæҪǮѽҲҪɣҲҪֻҪȥԸǿİС
Уǿľǰɱʲô飬ǱؿɶҵĲࡣ˵
ɣһ˰ɣҲˣҲ㣬Ļж಻ƽ⣬۸ҪһѽҶ׵
аɣҾʹӦ㣬԰㣬Ҳ鷳ʱһǲֵġ
аɣ˵ˡҶҲٺּۻˣ˵ȥ϶Ҳòʲôô
ܿǾһ·ڣ·ڵǰȻһĽֻЩǳأǲʲôש齨һɫǧСС
ѵǿôŪˣһҶЩȵʵ
һȴǳоӣ˵ʲô֪һҽİɣǿܻһطʱľסҲ³׷ɱԽԼסŪĻʱ뿪һȥĵطӪ
Ҷ׵ͷȻеھȥﵽʲôӰɡ
ŰӴ䣬Ǹո߹ȥʱϾͷǰһǵȥ·ˡ
ȺǴģȻ׼ˣǹͳ˳ҺܿͽҶ˰Χм䡣
ҶֻۿһЩˣǴ˵ӣһɫĺɫװ磬϶ƤͷףȻһЩ̫߼ĿףǶһĹкǿķ
һͽΧסǵжйЩֱһҶ׽ֵĹʵǿȫǱ۷弶͸ӵϬˡ
˿ԱߵĹ֣ͶҶ˵ôûбµֵסǵĹ
Ҷ׵ͷӦûʲô⡣
ⱣɲУҿɸ㣬ϺǲģҲҪҲܵ˺Ե˵
˵Ҳ̫˰ɣԼʵǿҲҪ־ͺܲˣ㻹Ҫұ㣬ȥ˵ѽҶί˵
ҿɲܣǲ˵ģҵ·ˣҲҪ㣬ҵ·Ǻܹģ㲻Ҫ˵û㡣
Ҷ·ƲźأĻҲͲԼŮӵ˲ǵͷҾɣԼҲҪˣϾֻֻ֡
⻹࣬ȻĴ磬ܲʲôɣǺ׵˵ͽɣ㿿վһϴģ˵
ҶȴһõԤУȥͿｻ棬ֻԼٵ鷳ɣҲǴսȥɪɪɡ
Ҷ׾͵ͷȻȥ̸ȥ̸ɣҪҾС
ȴȻһЦİɣôẦأڰѽ
ò˵ЦƯرЦݣֱˣҶҲЩĶˣæסԼҪˡ
ڿ֮УҲ߳һǰĺȻǿİ߶ĵ£ʵȻǴﵽǻʾˣߵЩˣǻʾںСɼ
ϵҶ׺ɫҲ΢΢һ䣬Ȼ˵ҶֻһСӣҲû뵽ȻᣬŶ񲻳ʮ꣬ѵСɱ˼ͷĿ
ŶЩţͶҶ˵ǻǿеҼļһǾǲ֪ˣ֮˭ɱµˣվ
ǰȥҲǰͦأû˷Ҫ֪ǰǶǶĸ֣ʥߵʵͨǰĿǻʾɣġ
ҲƥĲȵ˵ѵһƥǷ
Ц۹⣬Ҳûʲô˷Ҳˡ
һ⻰Ͼ͹ЦСӣ˵˭ˣ𣿿ߵˣǶҵ£ֻҪһ£Ǿͽɸӣ㻹־ܣӻ֪ôɱҵµġ
ȴҡҡͷҿɲɱµˣɱµļһ磬ȻҲҪΣҪĻû
Ļо˼飬СӶôˣǲǸˣٴδȵ˵Ц㻹Ĵ磬ʵˣ
Ǻǫ˵ȻˣСܣȻҪô㻹ţոǻˣ˵Ҫ˵ֺҽ磬Ҫѽ
İ˵ǿЦ𣿰Сˣ𣿿ɫһ䣬ŭСӣռұ˲ˡ
ȴҲģԴǵ˵ռôˣбҧѽ
Ķ뽫̻ˣԼļƲߵóѣϾܻҶ׵ߣҶ׺ٺЦھͿˡ
Ҷ׿ЦⲻǸ鷳𣿿ҪŰݡ
ʾʵͣӴ˵˺ˣսҶס
ҶҲ֪⣬ǰȥˣͺȵСӣҪȳ𣿡
ҶҡҡͷҿɲģǸġ
һһѽҿжҽɸӡߵĹ־
һ˲䣬ֻҶ׺Ҷײòһ㣬ΪӦҪȻҪ
𡭡һƵȴʮĺУҶ׵Χʱͱһǿֱӳ˷һͬˣЩȴͬǱϯķֱӱ˳ȥûһܿǵ塣
ʵ֣ǿһԴݻеĹҲ͸һʮһĵ
ǿҲǴһǿæҷżżҪͣ
Ϊ֪Ҷ׵ʵѾԶԶԼǶֻ֣ܳû֣ٶλֱҶŵòᣬÿһиѹϾʹϼһҶͬûиǻᣬϵ˲ͱգûеЩ˷żѾЩһλǡ
ڡһ죬һ񾳸ֵأ˲һ˵£һ˶ŵİǻعҶȴѾɵǵǰݿĽһ̵ڵء


ʮ ﵹæ
Щһʱ䷽ңϾĴȴǶ㲻Ҷ׷ȥƬ֮ǼʮֱɱʣµĹҲûκεĹԣӻ˿ء
ɵˣԼĹ־ȻɱˣôɣץһܻĹ־һƸˣȻź˽еҳһɱˡ
ӿܳˣԴԴϣе˶ˣǧγһ޴İΧȦƷǳĿ£ҪԸľȻֻˣƸ޷Ƚˡ
Ǿˣȴǧ˸оһǿѹǶ֪˭˭ҪĽˣû˸ȥֻǽΧסҿǰ
˵ҿ㱾жɱǧˣ㻹һɱˣɱҲˡ
Ҷ׿˿ΧˣҲеûаգϾ̫ˣɱҪɱʲôʱ˵ôˣҪҡ
˭֪ȴ˵˵ȥԸЩСϺףҲ̫ˣɣԼ
ҶæôҲһɣôɱʲôʱ򡣡
Լ飬ո㱣ģȻɱȥˣҶ㿪˼εĹҲĲˡ
дҶֻое˵ĳ嶯Ůû취˵ѽεҡҡͷֻԼˡ
ΪôŶҪҶŵû뵽Ҷ׾ȻһںƵģԼĵȴǡǡ෴˭ǰΧסһµĹһȥҪǡ
Ƕϣ˭ɱӽһڳ𡣡е
һڳɲһСˣʮӿҲòôǮͽ֮±·򣬺ܿ˲Ҷ׾
һͷϾ͸иˣһʱΧϰһӳ嵽ҶǰҪǵķΧ̫Сݲôˣ³Ķмˡ
һĽҶ˿⣬ûжñֱЩ˳嵽һҵʱҶ׺Ȼ͵ĳһֱӾ˳ȥ
ͼӰͬǻһѤȻǻӰɫҲôȴ˵ƯǼʶҲһƵ
һ֮£ǰƽλеķͽȫֱӺ˳ȥһƯһֱĳ˼ʮףҶҲЩԾԼƷȻ
ոͨƣȻֻ˵ڶ㣬ոҲֻʩչ˵һʵȴѾܹʵѾǳĿˡ
ͬʱɱҶҲûͷźͬһƣҲһӣֱӱĳ˺Զ
ǰ˱Ҷ׾ٵķˣ˱˻ȥģǺȴѾסǵ·ֻܼǰͬ˰ĹҶҲɱЩˣͨƵĺûᡣ
Щ˾ͳƷˣͨƵһֱӴǺɣ֮һӰһƮҶɳԶЩ˸ҶףͱҶֱӺȥˡ
ƷԱ߹սĿҲǲõͷޣͬʱԼһսǸоΣҺҲѽҶȥҲҪʱɣķʵֵʱ򣬿϶ҲͲˡ
ţȴЩ磬Ϊ˸ͶҶ׹ɲκεв෴ҲҶ״ĹҵģЩ񾳵ĸҶ׵ǰֱˣϾͶ߼ǻʾڵĸ˵ǶҪˣϡ
⼸ǻʾڵͬҲҶˣȥʲôýºЩһϴ󷢻ˣǲܲѽǻʾĸ־̵ĳǰȥĿһĶǵĳһƣŵЩ˸æ嵽ǰ档
ûа취Ҷ׵ʮ֮ڣȻҲķңڵĿҶ״սˣǷǳѽ
ֱǼʵǿһ˳ҲûжһָֻЩɳһӳȥһ˷ܡ
ǻʾĸȥҲֱӳ嵽ǰ棬ĵҶ׵Ҫ͵ϮʹõĶǲͬıһǳǹһǳìһǴ󵶣Ҷ׵˻΢һ£ͬʱ
һ֮£ͬʱʩչ˲ͬĹǳҶ׵ıϮһĻʱûҶѣ෴˷ܵĿҶ׵ķӦǿ᲻ᱻ
ֻ˸ոճֵʱҶѾע⵽ˣͷûУ͵Ϯϲ⣬Ϊһ͵ϮܹɹɱҶףҲ˵
ǵǷҶײ׵ʱҶ׾Ȼûлعͷ˶ʱһԤеһѾ֪ǵ͵ϮֻûлͷѣҪȻܵôûзӦ
ȻǲʱҶȴǴһɽơͨƵڶʽֱӳ˷ֺֻоǰһǳƯӰ˲ͽǺʮ׿⣬һǿǵʧȥֱ֪ӵزûκεķӦ
ʱҶҲǵͷͨƵڶҲСʵˣ
һ½С˸סˣǱΪһ͵Ϯǻץסᣬû뵽СͷͷֱӱҶ׺ˣҵڵϾûκηӦǿѹǶЩǰˡ
Ҷ׿˿ΧǰˣҲϢһ£ȻûʲôرʽȥҲ۵ģҪϢϢټ
һԱߵľͲˣæ˵˵ôͣˣʲô˼ѽ
Ҷʼǲˣô򣿡
ȴð졣ҶڲʱȻͿΧ˾ǽĽеǶϣϵ˾³
˵Ҳ֪ʩչʲôͼһɽֱӷɳǰһŲǰȫɱˣıɱľһ롣
һΧ˿ɾŻˣһǾǲĿǲѽҶ׵ôҪȥɱҶףⲻǺ˵ɡ
Ҷ׿ΪˣСѾͷڰںѽѣҶ׾˵ôɱѽ㵽վһߣ
ȴǺǺЦҵȻվһˣֻǿǲǰĻ֪ҪʲôʱֻǴǸϿϣҲչؼѽ
Ҷûһһﵹæ˵ôƯĻҡҡͷЦ㻹ǲҪˣԼһ߿žˡ


ʮ Եŵǿ
ȴǺܰԵ˵ôУҪǻȥˣҲҲҪȥһȥԷأ㶯֣ٴߴǡ
˵ǶǺȵǿѽϵĻһ³ˡ
ǰ˱ܵģǱ˸סˣҲܲǿһɴͳȥˣϰֳһҶ׷ˣҶҲòչƣһͨǽǴĵҷɡ
ڲԶսĿɵˣɱǧȥ˲⵽жˣһοҶ׵ˣ֪ԼԲҶ׵Ķ֣Լ±ҶһƬһƬĺɳȥһͷǲǸˣҲٲܾûлˡ
ֻԼĶ黹һʱܵĻǲ̫ˣ˵µתһܴһɱô
ǾԼӦٵһȣԾͻԭزҶһսҲһ߹۲ſվﲻͶԱߵ˵ϴȥԸǸɣץס֮Ҳʡٴˡ
ȴæҡͷ˵ҳֵģԼֻǴӦģԸ˵ʱ֣㻹ûеʱ򡣡
ҶеΣҲɱȥˣȻܹԸȥҪһʱ䣬Ҷ׾˵ȥԸֱӽУЩ˾ɢˡ
ȴϾͷԵҲУҪߵĻЩһﲻǳ𣿿ҶԸ֣Щһô죿ѵҪҶԸǣ
ҶҲǱƼˣͲ˵˵ôٸ첲ȱҿҪȥץˡ
˵Ҷ׾ҪߣȴеҪǸߵĻҾ͸㶯֣ô죿ʱ򲻵ɱ˿Լܲ
ȫѽҶĶˣѹסôΪʲôҪҺЩｻ֣ʲô˼
ȴ˵Ȼ˼ˣȥҲкϷҪֱȥץ¾ͽɱˣһʲôϷԣᣬҲҪ೤ʱ䣬һʱ˰ɣһʱ
ҶĻɱˣ߷ߵ˵ֱѽ֪ôҲˡ
ȴ˵˵ҿԾɣĲˣٴһᣬֶԸʱҲæˣҲǻرıְɡ
ҶҲŮͻ֪һǼܺԼ֣Ҳû˼ȥԸˡ
˵ˣҴȥԸҲҪæҶæ
ʵҪҪæûʲôԸһܸ㶨ˣֻﲻҪҲɣԼңỹҪֲƲء
ͷĺˣһģҲ̫ûˣһҪҰæ̫ûϢˡ
Ҷױ˵ƿԣֻýЩ˵ϣһֵĺըЩ˱䣬ܿҲĥζˣ򣬸˲Ҷףֻǰװе˶һǲٴˣҪܡ
ŵһ˳ɹӳȥ֮󣬺˾ͽˣһ¾͵еˣûƬ̹򣬼˾ʹҶ׵ǰʧˣҶ׵ȻȥЩ˶˵ûʲôֵҪԸǿ
ʱĿȴŻῴûл֣û뵽Լ˲ͱˣƬ̵ĹһˣʣµЩҲˣҲ֪ȥԼҲҪˣæתҪͱۼҶ׿̷˹ȥٶȿ쵽˿ӰӣҲǵͷһٶȲлҪȱȡ
ûܶԶͿһ˳ǰ̧ͷһⲻҶٶȺÿ죬֪ԼһˣץԼıͺȵСӣϷǿˣ֪Ϸ͸뿪ˡ
ҶЦ뿪Ҳֻһ𣿸ոֻѣڸ㸶ˡ
Ȼ֪һǻǺӲ˵Сӣ֪˭µ𣿽ɱңɾ͵һõˣĺܲҵġ
ҶлѽѵҲʲôɵĵʵ滹Ȥ˵ĸɵĵӣ
Ͼ˵ϷǿˣɱҾǺͿԣ֪𣿡
Ҷһ֣ûʵʱѾˣͿ˵֪һ˰죬аԵţһרڴ½ϴҽ˰ɣֻСڴ½ϴ󲿷ֵĵطķ֧ӦþһȽСķ֧ɡ
ĽܣҶҲ΢΢һĺ̨Ĳһܹڴ½ϴ󲿷ֵĵطз֧ǾһӴİɣ¾ҲȲϰɡ
Ҷһû쵼İԵţǴ½Ϻպһ˰ɣʮκһҶǵҶڵ۹ֻжٶѣŴ󲿷ֵǵܲмǧ֮ңֻǰһ۵Ľɫѡ
ԵеϰÿǵϴҲõĴ󵶣Ծֵɵ֣ȻҲֻмʮʷŵٶȴǷǳľˣʮѾ鲼½󲿷ֵĹңҪҲΪκһҶв̶ͬϵܣֻǽЩܶټԼ£İѸٵţκһɺţһЩҲòǱ֣Һͻ
ΪЩ˸ûκÿԣҲûʲôɽҪǵǣǾͻ᲻ͣĶǼйþֶΣҲòͶɱ˲գۣͳͳɱˣµĿȫһɱ˲գ۵ĶħͬͳҲӵļ̣û˸Υּ⡣
ʮԵŴһʼֻмǧˣѸٵŵ˼ʮˣЩȫܣɱ˲գۣ֮кܶඥĸ֣ЩʵҲǴӱļ֮гģֻΪΥ˼ļҹ棬ᷳ˼ԼֻǻģͶ˰Եŵ£ðԵŵǵõ˺ܴߣ˵֮а벽ʥߣʥ߼ĸ֡


ʮ ƽֱ
Եŵ䵱ȻҲ͵۹ΪвˣΪڻûкͰԵͻҲûĽдѹҲ֪ЩǲǵģһֱûкĴֻǶԸһЩС͵۹ҲͬõܴΪ½ϻСС۹Ӷ࣬ܶ͵۹۸ûа취ֻϹ쵱ǵĹһ㡣
˵һĴ嶼׺ͰԵͻҶ˵͸ûʲôͻıҪˣҶϸĽͰԵŵϢ˵˳Ծ֮⣬ҲǸое鷳
ʵԸһҶԸˣ˵ǶԸһȴķ˰ˣȻҲɱһܾͻᱻŵ׷ɱ
ҶΪѵӣ֪ڵˣ˵СӣҪǷӣҲһҶӶֵĻǾ͵űŵ׷ɱɡ
˿Ҷ˵㲻˰ɣһʧ
Ҷֻ˵ֻǲ̫鷳һбҪ
ȴ˵˵ȥǺ£㺦ҿɲ¡
ҶҪ˵ʱȴȻ֣ʣֻһ⣬ǽֱӴ͸˿࣬˲䱬ѣɫһӾͱң۾ԼᱻɱˣŭĽеǾȻɱңǲ°𣿡
ȴһžͽ߳ȥˣﻹ˵ʲôţ˲ҵʲôǡ
Ҷ⻰ҲֻпѽĵӾѽŶ
ҰɱˣҪллˡ𱦽ҶЦ˵
ôл㣬ɱǿҪ׷ɱĿ϶ˣһкùӳ𣿡
һ⻰ȴϾͳ˳ֱӼݵҶ׵ĲϺȵ˵һ顣
Ҷ׿ĶŭˣæЦҸ㿪ЦأɱҸл㻹
ջر˵⻹࣬ҰæӦ˵ллҪȥѰıˣߣҪЩ˶ˡ
Ҷбص飬æһ˿ϳֱһ񣬵ǽȥ֮ǾͿѾһƬǽˣȻոѾ֮ǰˡ
ˣЩ˽ıﶼˡҶ˵
ȴ˿Χ˵Ϊ㱦϶бزڱĵط
Ҷæ㶼ɱˣǻȥұأ
ûֻǰˣӦûܼһᣬȥҶ׸æأȻûҲһˡ
ıؽҲʡߣ˵뿪ȰֻߵҶҲ֪ǸʲôоȰ˵ġ
ɫң˵롭ҵıأҲ㡣
𣿺ߺߣҵģ㲻˵а취˵Ȼץס˿ԴҲ֪ʲô۾ɿ
ҶԱ߿Ȼе㲻ףҲ֪϶һֱ죬ֻԼûмѣƬ֮ȻջԼƣӵһߣǿһˡ
ôɱˣлʳģ˭ȥҶ׼æ˵
ȴһ˷ܵ˵ˣΪѾ֪زˡ
ʲô֪ˣô֪ģǸո֪˰ɣҶЩԾʵ
Ѿ鿴ем䣬Щ֮߰⣬Ǳصˣﲻһǧ׵ɽϣǸϽȥң˵Щڳû͵˵
ҶȻǳԾҲĻæǰ˵ĵط·Ҷ׻ЩʵոʹõʲôȻܲ鿴˵ĴԼ䡣
ȴǺص˵Ҽܣҿɲ͸㣬֪ǣ˭ôҪʵĻҲ֪ﵽʲôҾ㣬òҪЩ£Ҳ鿴ļ䣬Ͷ֪ˡ
Ҷ׿ɲ鿴Լļ䣬æҡͷ㻹ǲҪʵˣûʲôֵ
Ǻǣ˵ܾкܶıҸоǳأʲôʱĸȤˣһԴġЦ
ҾˣôôҪҵ⣬ĻҸƴҶҲˣɲļ䣬Ͽɱǿܶˡ
İɣڻҵѣôҵѶأʲôʱΪҵĵˣҾͻ鿴ļ䣬ǻȥذɡЦ˵
˺ܿ˿֮еıſڣǸյͷѾˣȻ˽棬ǻᣬҶϾͳ˽ȥа׵ӣһ޴ɽ档
ҶſϰƱϵľ͸ˣĲƱҲĺܶ࣬ѻ˶ѣǽˣǧ֮࣬һЩҲ棬ȻǺܸ߼ȥҲֵǮˡ
Щʱûע⵽Ҷ׺ˣֱǽеҷ£еıҵġ
ЩŻعͷǿҶ׵ʱɫˣǶ֪Ҷ׵ʵȻûг֣ԳҶ׵Ĵ磬ʵܲ
е˽ϵıˣ֪ԼЩֵǮһЩ˱֮æܿǶһɢҶҲûֹѾɱˡ
ôĲƱҲֻ΢΢һЦ๻һ껨ˣϧҪָһ룬ǲƽѽҪҪ𣿡
Ҷû뵽ּۻۣ˵ôĲƱȻֻһģѵڼǮ𣿾ǮҲôࡣ
ҶæҡͷǲУѾò˺ܶ࣬õһ뻹֪ѽҿǳ˴ġ
ȴߵСɱһЩСϺ˵һɱǿأˣһһɣҪҪЩãҲȥˣе͹ˡ
Ҷ׿ɲԿ˭ֵ֪ǮæɲУκζһһ룬Ҳһ
ͲˣæôôҲǮֻûеطŶѣ㶼𣿡
Ҷȴɿڵҡҡͷ˵õģܷڡ
Эˣ̾ˣСƽһһһ룬ˡ


ʮ µĳ
˵ҲҶ˵еһ⣬ֱӾͽߣѾһɽռ䣬ЩԴԴϵɽ֮ڡ
ҶҪȥֹʱ񶼱һˣҶײòֹˣҪٲֹĻе񶼹ˡ
񣬻˵Сʣµľ͸ˣЩҲʱɲҪˣҵһ룬ʱҪҪġ
ҶֻҡͷæųɽԼһ񣬼ЩҲһˣֻʱҶеɽ䣬ҲǸоǳĺ棬һȵʵֻɽĵȼǳѽȻҵҲ
Ҷ׵ֻɽģȻȼǲҲ˵ģ˵һɣҲģ֪˭ģ
ŵͷ벻ҲǸǿѽȻǿ˳ǿ㻹ã˼ҵĶΪ˾ӡ
ҶײûеŮ˵涼ѽҺѾһֻҲûз
ȵеıУԼһ£ıܹһҰɣԺչҶҵкܴİ
պеıҶ׾Ͷ˵߰ɡ
ͷ뿪ɽǳʱ˵㷢ˣǲǸѽ
Ҷæ㲻ҲΪʲôҪ͡
ȴоݵ˵յĶѽѵҪȥԷǷϰҲҲҵǮѽãġ
ҶֻоŮǾѽ̾ˣԶٷܻǮҲúóһˣ͵ͷ´ξˡ
УǾȥҵطԷϾͻԼķҲҶ׵ıһֱӣǳίӡ
֮󣬾Ͱԭ·أȥ·ûʲôĳʧ˿һҶ˵Ӧдģȥ￴
ҶȴȥΪ֪Ҫ߶Զ͵ǻȥɣ峤ҲкóԵġ
ȴֵĶѾҪʵģȥǰָָǰȷг򣬲еԶ
ǺðɣԺ֮ϻ峤ǻڵǡҶ˵
֮ǰϻˡڣҶֻøںԻңûа취ıȻٶȺܿ죬ҲǱȲķ˼һûзҪǷĻ͸ϲˡ
ܿǾ˳򣬹ȻһǳӴĳ򣬳һĳУҶ׽֮󣬷ǰͬǵķװҲв죬òҲˣӦµˡ
ʲôطô棬ҾҪ档һô֣Ͼ˷ܵĽ
ҶȻ֪ʲôط㣬Ӧþһ۹ˣȻе·ﵹҲǰϺĵ۹ֻ߼·ˡ
ֻǵĳϾΧ˵ע⣬ΪǵķװͬΪµƥƯİĿﶼǳΪ㣬Ҷ׿ܶ˶ĿǣҲʱָָǡ
ȴͲЩΣʲôҶ׾ѵ˵Ƕڿأ㻹עɡ
û˵ʲôעģӵﶼĽҪǲעҵĻ⣬˵ǵ۾ûϹ
ҶֻҡҡͷѾ˽ˣҺ֪һŮҪǲ֪Ļһе̬ˡ
Ҷ׾ͺ·ϣ˵ĿעӣͬʱҶҲע⵽Ҳߣʵ·Ϻܶ඼鵤ߣĵȼͨ˵ѾǳˣһЩǱ񾳵ߣʱǻʾʵ֡
ʵҪԼڵ۹۹ĻʳǴϣһҲ鵤񾳶࣬ǻʾָó۹϶۹֮ϡ
ܿ;ջߣȥľ͸ҶҲûа취ֻùԹԵĸ󣬼ȥһЩ·ε꣬Ҷ׾ЦôȥĵطŮȥĵط
ȴдʣæҸŮѽ˭ô˻ûһŮѡ
Ҷæô֪ûУҼҲһ
ޣ˭ῴ㣬һϹˣĲ˵Ҳ֪Ů㶫ҪŮѵĻϾͽ˦ˡߵ
ҶЦԸһԸأ˵㲻ŮģŮģҲҪԲѽ
һ⻰ˣתͷе˵һ飬ŮʲôõģҲģ
ҶһæЦֲŮӣ㼤ʲôŪŮһ
ҲŮҲ˵һϾͽƱ
Ҷֻͷ˵ǣֵȻ˵ŮˣҾʹȥŮ֬ɣҪŮϲ֬ˡ
ҶȻŮѣȴû͸Ҳֻ֪ҸڰˣԼȥѣͽˡ
ҶҲ˵ƣֻø棬ܿҵһ̣֬Ůеģ̣֬ϾƯϰӭӣֻʱɫҲ΢΢ЩԾ
ʶ㣬֬ҲģǸԼŮ֬κ϶Ҳǡ
λǸ֬ɣƼǰɡ˵ϰҪȥȡѡ֬ȴϾ˵ˣԼ㲻ùǣȥæġ
ϰû˵˿Ȼһ˲ţŮӻҪεСҲе㰮ĽЦ˵ǺãˣҸǴۡ
һ仰ͷʾӦȥ֬ˣҶ׶һ㶼ҲͲȥ֣һ֬򿪣ζҡҡͷʾôȡ⼸ͬţҡҡͷ˵ûһĻɫ𣿶ͼ⣬Ʋ֬
ϰһмѽæǰЦӹȻмңֻһ֬ﻹһЩϺõ֬Ҹȡ
ϰæȡ˼ִ֬ţҡͷôֻȸոյĺһˣһЩӹ֬׷ۡ
һϰеԾˣٴδһۣӦǷͬѰΪ˱˵ӵ۹ߣȷǳ߼֬֬Ĳ϶ǳİԼ۸


ʮһ 糾۹
ϰĻҪûйһ⻰ͶԱߵҶ˵СҶӣóǮ
Ҷ˹ȥͶϰ˵˵ɣҪǮ
ϰæǼƷ֬ҲֻмУÿһм۸ʮ𡣡
ʮһ˼ңǾһʾ޴ĲƸһͨͥúȥǶڵҶ˵ëëˣҶϾʹȡһŽƱǰ򼶵ģϰ˵پˣ㿴Ű죬жٺжҪǲõĻҲҪˡ
ϰһҶóǰƱһ˵СƱӣæС˵ȥеļƷ֬ȡ
ܿСͽ֬ȡţŵͷһɣеص㣬͵زˡ
ϰϲ⣬ֻʮ֬æȡʮҪװȴּۿĽʮȫˣﻹ˵ʮжҪһƱʮ֬
ϰæЦӣĻǻģǲôࡣ
ȴһ˵˵ĻҪСӺòãʮ㶼ҪĻǾˣﻹ򲻵õ֬
˵žҪߣϰﵱȻӦæͷǻ˵ǮȫˣֻҪһ
͸߸˵Ľе֬ˣҶҲһƱϰ뿪̣֬ϰȴϲЦտ벻һͱһ»Ҫöࡣ
֮Ҷ׾ͲʵһŮô֬𣿡
ȴһ˵ѵʲôߴ̵ģ㶼͵ġ
ҶЦǸɴ඼ˣҷҲҪ
һȴǳ󷽵˵㲻ҪŮ𣿲ûĵļһҽ͵о͸ɣĶˡ
ҶҲûзԣ֪֬ܲ͵Ůѵ뵽ʥԺˣҶ׻ǸоеѹϾôʱûϢˡ
˵ʱǰһ˻ʱɫһ䣬ٳǰȥҶҲæ˹ȥ̧ͷʱǵıһȺΧסЩǣǣȴƥֱ˳ȥ
˵ƥǺ˳ģɽƥǱرǷȻٹˣļޣ綼Ҫ˵ΪʵѾﵽʥ߼
ҹȥͶȺ˴Уֻһǰ˾ͱ˦˼׿⡣
ˣϾֹͣ˷ҶҲһȺŻᣬȴǼӵܣӦĸ竡
ֻǵʵһ㣬ڱ񾳣ǿһҲǻʾڣʵҶﲻʲô͸ˡ
ȴ֪Ҷ׵ĵϸ˶ڣҶΧһӸվ˳СģӦǵλߵġ
СӣǵƥˣǿۣҪ͸ҵˡᣬëûļһ˵
ԼķӸЦƾ㣬ұҲƥҹĻҲ
Ҷ֪ƢҪǲʶôĻ϶ûʲô³ǶԷ֪ѽ⹫Ӹһ⻰ɫͱˣߵһʹеСӣ㲻ˣȻ˵֪˵㣬ԹԵĽʱʲôòҪᡣ
ȻǺЦһ뿴еʲô£СܣЩëͽˣҺúõʰǣҾҵķǲ֪
Ҷֱ˳ֻҪ£ҪվˣʮӸ翴Ҷ׳ˣһмӣһӵܾ˵ĸѽվ֪еĶҵ𣿸ϿıǵĸҪ֪ô
ҶǵĻҲ֪ǿ϶еݵģҲ֪һﵽʲôˣҶ׾΢΢ЦǸλ˭ң
СӾȻ֪ļңЦ糾۹˭֪ң㻹һͷ࣬Ȼҵ
糾۹ңҶһѵԼԸǸңϾͿ϶һ㣬Ϊ糾۹ҵһҪأƷ糾۹ҵϺĴ
Щ֪ģϺĳӣҲʵǿһƵķ糾۹ҲϺĸ֮ǿһ۹
û뵽ȻҵˣСһԳҵѵĶӡ
Ҷ׵ɫһЦݣǵĶҵأϺĶӣĶҲûʲôֵģкϷˡ
˵۹һչ˼ҵ׵𣿡Ҷ׺ȻǳΪҵˣȻ֪飬Ϊ۹ǳ
ҵ˹ȻɫˣһǺ޵ҲǴСӣң
Ҷȴæڰֵˣҿɲ˼ֻ˵ѣǲҲܲܲ˵ɡ
ϾͽеǲҸ׹ĵ۹һϵҲûУֻǸûб£Ȼ˸ۡ˵涪ҵ档
ĻҶ׾͸ӿ϶ĶˣȻĶӣԼȻҪ̵ˣΪɱҶҵУܾ
λӦĶӰɡҶЦ˵
󵨣Ȼ˵Ҹ׵֣㵽˭Ҫǲ˵Ͼͽ͸áĻϾΧӶ׼ҪҶչȺŹˡ
ҶЦ㸸׵ѣӦýһ塣
Ū˭أҸ׵˭ʶûмģ㻹ƭˣȽ£ǵı
ʮӸͳǵʵǱ񾳣ҲһЩŵҩӣʵôǿҶ׺Цȴ
ֱһ˳嵽ǰҶҲιֻƽһƣӸͱҶ׸˳ȥֱӸײ˻ȥһײüˤڵϣ޵Ľл
˿Ҷôе㺦ˣҲЩԾԼʵȻὫҶ׷ȵСӣҵˣǴŭˣֻڱҪ
˵Ͷߵһǻʾڵĵ˵ϣɱһ


ʮ ĳ
ӦҲҵĵӣֻݾԶȲĶˣӦֻһŵӣϾվ˳ʹõһλεıֱӳҶ׵ͷ¡
ҪҶ׵ûκεѡأҶ׿׹⣬Ҳһŭûһı£ҶһƾͰķա
ֱƬ̹ͷ£䵽棬ֻгûнˣһŻˣ֪ҶӲɫǺյ˵СӣɱҵˣţϾ㡣
æҶҲûʹˣΪһССӵûκεãиȴˣϾ˦һƤޣֱӽķڵأ
ôѵ㻹һ︸׵ѣЩ˵ʹɱСӣҲҪݺݵĽѵ
Ҷ׺ȻЦһ˵Ҳ׵ѣǼѡ
ȻҶ׵Ļ˵ҲǼʲôϵһҴҷ⣬ҾҪһ㶫
ҶЦ㲻뽫Сһɲзϰɣ
ȴǵ˵д⣬˵ǿһȣǿһֻ첲ѽ԰ѡ񡣡
ҶȻǶв֮𣬿ǿʮ겻СһҲѡҶ׾˵Сˣһɡ
ʱһֱû˵ȴ˵С̫ˣСһͲ󣬿Ѿһˣ㿴Ǹо֪ˣ϶Ҳ˲ٵĻ£ɱ϶Ҳûһ첲Ǳˡ
һ˵ҲЩˣеһ񣬲Ƕֶ˵ôôɣҲܡ
ŵͷ˵ĻͶһ첲ɣҸ첲һ˵꣬һһҸ첲ʹϵӦʱͿԼĶϱԱŵϾʹ
УûȥܽϡֱӾͽֻϱ۸ķ飬Ű֣ҶЦҲˣǻ߰ɣܿСӵӾҪǱˡ
ȴ˵Ϊһ𣿲һң
ҶæЦ֪ǻµĺã뿪ɡ
Ҳû˵ʲôͺҶ뿪˴˵أǸ˿޵֮⣬ܻȥȱˡ
Ҷ֪һεܿͻ׷ģǵӺƥܿͿҵǣҶ׻ͻҪʵǬĸ磬ֵ֮ʵǿȻҲǷǳԼûսʤ֣ûȱһܡ
Ҷ׾Ͷ˵ǻȻشӰɡ˸ϻȥҪҲס
ȴϾ˵ôУǸոΪʲôǳԷûԷͻȥϽҸ߼ķݡ
Ҷֻʵ˵ո㽫ҵһ첲ǲ׷ŹǵģǻǱһܰɡ
ȴһĵ˵ҿɲ£Ӿǡ
Ҷ֪Ƣѽҵʵǿа벽ʥҲѵֵȻȥˡ
벽ʥʲôӲһҲߣҳԷҵҪж
˵žͽҶе˹ȥǰǣǰߣҶҲûа취ҵɣİ벽ʥˣ򲻹ܻǿԵġ
ܿҵһҲķݣ߽ȥСúź˾˸λ¡
ҶŶԸҵ飬ͽӹ˲׺úõĵһӲˣҶ׷ʵôˣʲôѽ
ҶæЦֻŴҪҵô죿
Цô죿ӳȥⲻһ𣿶ˣһҪ㣬ҵʲôϵϵѰ
Ҷ׵ͷҺҵĹϵȷѰܵ˵ǾҵУߵҶǡ
˸ոҪɱǸСһҪң˵
ֻǿС¶ѣҺҵĶԹǴ˵飬ԲСӡ
ߣ㻹ͦģɲǺ£СһѾ˺ܶ໵ˣ͸óֽѵѵԺŻ;֪㷴һǻῳֱ۵ġ
Ҷ׵ͷҲģû㣬ҵ˵ȷûʲô⡣
˵г𣬣ʲô󣬲ɱ㸸ĸɣһ˵Цӣûеġ
Ҷȴ˵Ҫء
һҲˣæʵǻʲôޣѵҽļˡ
Ҷ׵ͷû˵Ҷ׺ҵĳޣǾһܽ⿪ĳ𣬶ǱҪȥûκεѡҶײȥǲž塣
˵ĲİɣôѽЩţʵ
ʲôʱƭ㣬һƭҵ꽫Ҷе˶ɱˣֻʣһţⱲҲΪİɣֻҵʵ̫ǿҪô׵顣Ҷ˵
ȴһʲôһܱģ㱨˳ĻҲְ㡣
ҶҲû뵽˵Ц㲻˵ҲѶǵôԸңһĴ顣
ҶҲֻǾ˵㰲οû棬ȴ˵˵Һϼ¼Ĺϵ˭Ҫ۸㣬Ǿǿ磬ҵȻҪˣʲô𣿡
ҶЦЦҪԸңһˣ㻹ң
ôˣʲôǣ˵Ȼ㣬ҲҪıˣҲҪҸˣܺԡ
Ҷ׿ԵӣҲֻ˵˵ѣҲô֪ҵжǿҶҲûкܷϣ˵лˣѾܸˡ
ʲôģ˵ҪͰ㣬ȻҪ򲻹ʱҲŻ֣ҲҪúõǰ֣⣬Ǹ֮ŲС
ҶЦ㲻ҪҵôҪҵı֡
ʲôԵģ˵Ҫѣ㿴ҲѽΪʲôҪŹ㣬ԺٿҪ쿼졣
Ҷû˵ܿ췹˾ˣԴȣԷͿǸŮģеĻԣϵҶһɲܶԵĲˣҶ׶֡


ʮ ҵ׷ɱ
ҶҲûе£úóԣ⻹һӲ˸أ룬ܳԣôǲأĻôá
Ҷ׺Ȼ͵˯ӣǸʵزʱЩʧ񣬸æ͵ͷԷ
ͬʱ洫һ󼱴ٵĽŲŲǳģҶϾ֪ҵˣҲûʲôţΪûܡ
ܿ˾ͳ˷ݣЩڳԷĿһҵˣŵæܣһû£ΨʣҶ׺ˡ
Ҷ̧ͷ˿ˣһʮңͷһϼӣҳϷʵǻʾɣʮ˶ǻʾʵҵ
ʮ˽Ҷ׺ΧסҶ׿һ֮ԷﻹеʧȻֻһǻʾɵһ˴ģһûнѽ
٣ܣųϣʵǺǿұϾǴ壬ڵҲֻһĵطЩȨԼļƨɻġ
ܿҶ׺ȻûдǳŭǾͺȵСӣȻ˺Ҽﵱûһǵ죬֪֪ڵˣ
Ҷ̧ͷһ˵˵ǸС竰ɣš
ߣںѾˣĸ첲ϣб۴ãûа취ϣƾһǣǵļҲͬҪš
Ҷױһ仰ŭˣȻԼļ壬Ǳһʹ࣬ЦŪˣҲǺǺûɱܻˣҪһĻҾԲˡ
ʱȴЦһǱ벻ˣ͸˵´Ǿɱ
ܱΪҵʵѾǸסˣû뵽ļһȻҲЦСӣеѽȻ˵Ļϣɱǡ
ܵһ£ΧʮǻʾͳҶЩʹõǵӦöǵһȻһôͬʱҲǷǳĺˡ
ȴûж֣Ҷ׾أҶҲѾ׼гһѿӣǷϷŵģҶֻһ˦ʮӾǻӰһ˳ȥžһĲҽЩ𱦵ӷ׷׵£һʮûһ㿪Ҷ׵Ŀӣȫ塣
ɱʮǻʾһ˲ͱ࣬ɥʧսֻʣһͷͷˡ
ܿصɫ𾪣һﵽжȻɱôԼҲѽ֪ԼӲˣǽҵ׳˵Сӣҷɱôĵ֣ҾԲŹ㡣
Ҷﻹһ˫ӣ˿˵ҪҪϣҪϵĿͿ㣬һҪԷϵĻ͹ȥϴɵõҪЩ˷ʱˡ
һԼܣˣæתܣܱ˵ţҼҪ
Ǿ˵ʱһֱ࣬ͨأҶ˵Źһ̫ˣͲŹˡ
Ȼ䴩࣬ΪӲǺܴ֣ĻֻҪսͲҪǿӻȥģܾƴܣҶҲûٹ
ı֣һ˵ôɱˣÿζһҲ̫ɵˣǻȥ֮󻹲ĵ𣿡
ҶЦЩ˲ֵһᣬһһɣΪ˱ͽе˶ɱˣֻɱҪĳԱЩС޾ͷŹǣҿɲһ顣
͵˵㻹гɷ˼ѽҲԣɱ̫ϾǺ¡
Ҷ׵ͷֵѾʺϳԷˣǻǻطɡ
ҲͷҲ뻻طˣ˵ҿһǽЩˣҪ˷ѣȥĵطʡֱţֱӻȥˡ
Ҷ׵Ȼǳ룬Ҳһֱҵ˴ȥϾֻһˣҶ׾ͶԷݵƹ˵СҴ
СŸսսشӺܳˣΪһҶ׿϶ˣû뵽ǿ˾Ȼɱҵǲ֪˲ǿߡ
ǸСæǴȴһֱڶ˵ֶʲôѽǳ𣿡
Сĸ˵Ͷˣҡͷò״ð֮Ҷ׾ҪˣСҡͷò˵ϰ˵˲ҪǮ͸λˡ
ҶһƺˣտʼйӣֱӽиˣˣȻ͵ĸﲻҪҶ׾˵лˣ˾뿪˷ݣϰͷׯ
Ϊǻٶȷɿ죬·Ҳûеʲôʱ򣬻ʱ컹ڣǾͿһȺվڴڲ֪ڸҶϸʱǲǴׯĴǿ϶ڵԼˡ
ȻǳڴҵǰǶЩһ춼ǣΪڵǵİΣȥԸＸǧˣûκεʤ㣬һֱǵʱЩŸӮˡ
峤Ŵ񼤶Ķ˵ǻˣǻΪҲزˡ
ҶЦôܣҴӦҪǵģǰȫˡ
ǷǳԾҶ⻰ʲô˼Ȼ֪ҶܻѾǷǳˣǴûսʤ
˼ǣ峤ҲЩɻʵ
ʱЦ˼ǽﶼˣԺûнпˣǿԷĵˡ
еĴ񶼾ȵİ˵Ƕģ峤Ҳæʵӣ˵𣿡
Ҷ׵ͷ˵ģѾҸɱˣҲɢˣûǵ鷳ˡ
峤ʹϲѶʱ򣬶ǼΧסҶ׺һʱǳ裬ò֡
˴ӵ˴ӣǱӢ۱ȫ˳ݣеźţ峤Ͼȥ׼ˣҶ˵ˣѾ˻
峤Цȫ˵ĿӣҪھ磬úõףһ
ҶҲûܾеĴ񶼽һ쵱ĽգҿĵæµϵľҲַǷһʱӽĵӡ


ʮ ķ
Ҷ׵˿ĵʱڷ糾۹ҸۡһλڸۡķⲽɫһƬ࣬ڵȴϢܿ˴Ϣһӽķ䣬ǰ˵ˣѾ壬۹ջҸۡﷸͬʱҲ｣£ҶͯͶʮ겻û֮ʵǻʾ۷弶𣬴ǰڲңֱǰ뿪ң֪ȥҷ糾۹Ƕ
µĻ㱨ɫȴǺȻһתЦǬĸۡӵǻʾ۷ʵ̫ѵˣϧǵĵˣûв鵽ڵ䡣
˵ϺĴƿŷ糾۹ʵϺĸ֮ǿģͬҲǿ
˵鱨Ӧ뿪˷糾۹ı߾ȥ
뿪糾۹û취ϸҲ䣬һҵǣ̻㱨ҪץסĻǬ¶Ҫˣڸ׵ǰȻӵ磬̳и׵ĲҵȻĪ
Ͼ͵ǵ䡣̻ش
ʱʵ˵Ҷ첲һˣ˵ʲôݣûУ
ȴ˵˵ϢڵõĲ࣬ǸûǷ糾۹ֹ۹ҲûκϢΪֹ֪ݡ
һﱿʲôãСһﶼ鲻Ҽȥ飬鲻ҪǵĽе
ҲŵæӦһæ뿪˷䣬˿ҹɫȴ˵Сӣҷ糾۹ǲ֪ͱˣһὫץǬǰúõ԰԰ڣۡڱץˣǬıһǷǳĺÿɡ
˵ЩһɭЦ
һҹģҶ׺˲پƣΪǶǳ飬ҶҲѵÿһΣͷſӺˣͬҲǣȻҲϲȾƣҾ񻹲ӣܶ񶼸Ǿƣǻֱܼҹʱ֣ҶȵĲˣܶ񶼵ԱߣҶҲЩʣҪʱȴû뵽Դһ͵Ļ
Ҷ׿û뵽ᷢ飬ȻЩˣԴѵģرʱԴ͸ˣΪ֪ǸŮģһǸƯŮ
ԼĻ֮ҶױҲǣҲǣﶷѹˣʱȴǺٺЦСһһˣŮͶͱ㻹ԥʲôϽطѽ
ҶңұȥˣطʲôҶ׻֪ܲ˼û˵Ϊϲ㶼ʲôа飬ҿɲ֮Σ
ȴ˿˵ʲô֮Σ֪ǹģĻᣬҪ㲻Ļ˵ǸأϷкܶŮǲ඼ļƲߣϷȻҲյȫˣⲻʲô£ǳ֮Σǳ֮
Ҷ˵Լǰķ£Ͼͻԭ˼СѽʲôͶͱ㻹Ҫʲôҩ϶ȽҩǵĺȵĶ棬ȻŻᵹ㻳˵˼ͶͱҪǡ
̵ĻԼǰķ£Ҷһ˵ϾͲˣæԼûͱ˵ϷˣҿңǸҪϷĻߺߡ
Ҷæֲ㣬ΪʲôҪѧ˭˵Ҳˣھͱ㿴ҶҲǱ𼤽ˣȻĽ˻ʱĵģԥֶ֮ûиҷǷļϣҲһֱɡ
Сӣ㻹еţĻϷ̫СˣбµĻȥһ¡ʹ
ΪʲôҪֲŮѣռˡҶײϵҪ£ѹ
СҿɫûɫɣŮƯ֣Ҫ䵽ʲôӵ̣ˣ̸ѣҲɲŮòɣûò
ҶĺϣȷɲŮòһԣҶ׵츳ʵһòˣҪ˵ļˣû˭ܱȵģֻǻûеز
ҶæҲҪͬУͬҲͬģٲǵҺǲܵġ
˵˭֪Ժ飬ҿóŮ߷ǳĿģóЩ᲻뿪ˣȻϻǶеףѾˣֻԼǺѣСӺúðգͿ϶ܵõķĵġо˵
Ů֮Уȷ˵ǾḻȫҶ׵ʦֻҶײ̫飬ޣôȥԼ飬Ҷҡҡͷҿɲ뻨˼ϣ˳ȻɣһҪԸأ顣
Ҷ˵ʱ֪ǲеˣȻ˫ֽҶ׸סˣ˵ϾͽĿһҶ̸ܵǰͻĲ֣ȻѾǷǳСģزѹˣǱϾͻܸߣҶϾһ󼤶Ͽʼˡ
ûУԼСӿ챧ɣĻɲࡣЦ
Ҷ׸Щ˼Լ֪ôԵҶ׾ͽе㻹ȥ˯㻹˼𣿡
Ц֪Сʲôȥ˯óûǰɣãʦҲͲĺˣͰɣϣͳˡ
Ҷ׿ÿһ飬Ǻ˵Ҿˡ
æٺЦ˯ȥˣǼǼ
˵ȻûжˣҶҲ֪ȥ˯ǼٵģԼͺܺˣҶ׿˿ҲòĶ֣ŮŮװҲôƯˣǽ׽۵ļôأüëССĺ촽ҶѪڡ
ѪڵؿͻĲ֣ʱڴݻҶ׵ķرԽԽҪϵܶһ㣬Ҷ׶ЩѳֲסˣҲһܣŮ֮ȻǲͬѰѽ
ҶҲʲôͼסһᣬҹḧҶҲоһ⣬Լģ۵˯֮С


ʮ һش۴
Ҳ֪ǹ˶೤ʱ䣬Ҷ˯Ȼоһģʹ̣һҶ׾ͱˣæ۾һͿһͨĿԼ۾ﻹǳ˷ŭ
쵰Ȼռұˡ˵
Ҷ֪ˣæ͵ģҵġ
һ͸ˣߵĺȵôܻȥ㣬ռұˡ
Ҷ׺ȻŮװ˵㲻е𣿾ǱҲûʲôѽš
ɲɵȻ֪ı֪ܲŮװ͸ˣȻѣѵ֪Ůװ϶֪ˣһֱһǲǣҹȻǿˣǸå
Ҷ׼ѾԼʶˣҲ˵ʵҲֻϲ֪ģҵģĸҶôΪ˲űңҲ֪֮Ůġ
Ҷһ˵飬ߵͨ죬Ҷ׵˼˵ǵӴˣҶ֪Ů
ߣе쵰˵žܻԼķ䣬ҶҲ֪ô죬һεŮԺûӹˡ
ҺûɱѽҶ׻ţǽô죿Ů֪ԼѾŮݣ²Լһ߰ɣҲãԼһ·徻һЩ
ҶʱźȻˣĴӷܳҶҶ׻ΪҪ𣬾ʹѵ³ֻҪҪС
ŮȴеҾ㣬ҪǸҳʱ뿪һɱ㡣˵Ůַط䣬̾һƵģҶ׶ͷԡ
ôˣ뿪ѵҪԼǰҶͷʱȴٺЦСӣˣСĿˡ
Ҷû˵Ҷı׵ģ㻹˭Ĵȥ
ȴЦСӣûʦо˰ɣСԸǿҪһ˸ռıˣʲô
Ҷʹ϶ûˡ
ͷ˵һ㶼ûҪ˵Ļʱһغˣȴû˺˼ûУؼǣȻҪߣѽҪǾֻһԭϲˣܣ𣿡
ҶŸо˵еѽѵŮϲԼˣɺҲʲô°ɣϲԺ϶ҲҪܺܶŰѽҶһ뵽ŮģеĶˣæ˵˭֪ôģ˵Ժıҡ
ȴЦҪֻ˵ΪˣϾɵһҾ˵ôˣҲҵ飬̲ʲôôҪ£һ˯ҵľȥˡ
Ҷ׼˵æȱ˯ѽڲߣԺôͨѽ
ЦҪôͨǲѾͨĺܺ𣿰ٶȣûжþҪ˯һȥˣ
Ҷ׼Խ˵ԽˣΪϲ𡣡ԼôŮ˵ϾѾ֪ˣһӴЩˡ
һʱҶ׿ӷ˳ȴҶҲǰ˵ͺʹһ죬۾ȴһֱʹŮһˣҶ׶Щġ
ϣҶӦ뿪ˣ˵ҵѾҪ׷鵽ˣʱҪӴ鷳ȥ˵һȻЩǴŵߵǰʱҲûʲô飬ˣɫϾͱ
Ҷװûʲôŵ˵Ҵ뿪ˣ֪㻹һ𲻣
һϾתͷûԭȵĺߣ˵ΪʲôҪô뿪
Ҷ׼Լ˵ˣҲ˵ģ˵ҵ˻鵽ǲ鵽ĻӵҪˣ뿪
Ҳ룬Ȼ˵ǺãǾ뿪
Ҷ׼Ӧˣ͵˵ҪԼһ뿪е㲻ĵʵҲһ𣿡
ʱһ죬ϾͽеҲһѵҪһ·˵ռҵıˣô׷Ź㣬ȻҪ·ĥС
ҶĻﶼһ£ԼµĲѽΪĥԼģҲ׼ȻԼȷе˼ˣ˼۸۸ˡ
ȥ峤˵˵Ǿ뿪ҶҲҺһ𣬸æҸ뿪ˣҶ峤ｫԼľǣȻ峤ǳԸ뿪ףһ·˳硣
Ҷһֱûи˵ҹʱͻȥ˯ˣһֱ˵ڶ죬֮ͿˣҶֿܶĴˣͽеô˵һˣ㻹˼վ﷢𣿡
Ҷ֪ǸԼеģæȥǸ𣬴峤ʹһֱ͵˴ڣҶź
뿪֮ȴҶ˵飺Ҫȥ
Ҷǻȥ糾۹ɣﾭȥ
㲻ҵ׷ɱôҳߡ˵
ҶѾˣ컹Ҫص糾۹ΪҪԸͬǶԸңȻԼûʵҵĸ߲ǾȺҵЩ֪ҶǱˡ
Ҷ׾˵ǱģܼܲһŰɡ
ǸıˣǺãҲһȥ
Ҷ׼̬Ⱥ˺ܶ࣬͸æץסǸǰϵ㲻ҪѽҲ֮в֪ġ
һϾԺ鲻ᣬҲΪûҪˣԺеʱǲ㣬ǸҲһòҪǱ
Ҷһ˼ҸûǵźǲԼֻЦֻҪ㲻ʲôԣǾ糾۹ӿɲУᱻֵģҪģ
ѵҲ仯ģ𣿡ҲЩԾʵ
Ҷ׵ͷ㱾²ʲôֻҿûа취
ҶȻԱ仯ԼģǶȴûȴ˵ҵԼ
ҶæЦǾͺãھ͸ıһģɡ
ҶϾͽԼģһòͨˣ˿ģҡͷ̫ˣó󣬿Ưһ㣬ȻĻǸһжҵӡ


ʮ Ǯׯ
ҶΣֱֻ仯һģһҪĺÿһЩĵͷҶԼ仯ģֵˣæ˵ڸģˡ
ȴǺЦҵıҪˣˣһգ۾ˡ
ȻֽͷȡʱһƬٲ㷢䣬ʱͬʱһŮ˿ģҶ׵оŮ·һ㡣
۾Ľë覵ݣǴƵļǽĺ촽ȫʤգͲ˼Ů
ҶҲһӾͿˣûмŮӣʹԼŮѣҲûҶ׿Ƭֱ̹еåûѽ
ҶŻعæԼûˮæ̫ˡ
ҲǷǳܣ˵۾ûϹﵱȻƯˡ
Ҷæѵһȥ糾۹𣿡
ʲôԵ𣿡
ҶЦȻûʲôԣֻƯ·ϿֻҪеģ۾벻ˡ
ȴû˵⻹ǹ㣬ҪûŮһ𣿼ȻҪ仯ҲٱеģɴˣһڣҪ˸Ҵҵ⣬֪ôˡ
ҶǽʹѽܻŮҲңæǾˣһŮ෴ǻ֪ǵˡ
ʵȥôԸң
ҶҲˣȻҪԸǾҪǬһǱҪĲҵǮׯ̺͵ززûа취ߣǮׯ͵֮ģԼǿµġ
Ҷ׺ȻЦ벻뵱һٷˣ
һæʲô˼ѵҪȥң
ҶЦд⣬ڷ糾۹ӦкܶǮׯ͵Уȥǵô
ҶױΪᷴԵģû뵽ȴһĴȵãҾϲ̼飬˵ôɾôɣҪǮͱҪģСû˼
ҶЦ˭˵ŮӵСֻûиǻѣҶ׾ЦȻҪǮׯ͵ˣǾȥ̽̽ڷ糾۹Ǯׯ
Ͼ˳ĳ糾۹ȥǺܿ˷糾۹أΪ˲ҵرע⣬Ҷ׻Ǹı·̣ûоԭĵطȥһĳ
˰·̣Ҷһ쿤ĵطҲһܴĳ򣬷̶ȲڻʳǣҶ˽쿤֮󣬾ȥ̽
·һҵ̣ҶϾװ˽ȥʣƹһǴҵǮׯϾ͸˵˳쿤һǮׯǮׯҿģҾﲻԶʮ·ӡ
Ҷ׵õϢ֮ϾлƹǰǮׯһ·֮󣬹ȻͷǰһĽΧڽĴſھд˼֣Ǯׯ
ҵǮׯˣģҶĻҪ󣬹Ǯƿ϶ҲˣҶ׾Ͷ˵Ǿְɡ
͵ȲˣϾ˵ھͶ֡˵žҪҶһȥǮׯҶ׻æס˵ڻУǮׯģôҿ϶Ҳ˸򣬼ʹܹǣҲҪķѺܳʱ䣬ʱǮׯĽ϶Ǳϣȥô׵顣
͵˵ʲôʱ֣ܲһֱŰɣ
ҶЦȻˣǲö֣˵
һ˵Цݵּ黹оѽһˡ
Ҷеѿæ㲻Ҫһ˵ǼԼҲˡ
ȴЦҺ㲻һֻģǵ
Ҷû취һŮ˵ԼʱڸһҿջϢϵʱٶ֡
˾ڸһҿջţ쵹ûʲô飬ǵҲûб֣ҲкܶҵӣǵǿһŮʱ۾ˣô뵽ǵֵеģû˻Ҫҵˡ
˾ڿջԷ죬˳㰲ҪжˣҶʵǮׯڲһ㶼˽⣬Ҳֻܼ°ɣ˵Ǯׯе֪ҶףһǮׯкüţÿһŶǲͬ˿أԽʵԽǿÿһҪͬԿףԿڲͬϣʹ뵽ҲδؾȡǮΪܻиֻأסˡ
Ҷ˵ͷͷǵæʵô֪ô
ҼǮѽҼǮҲ֪ҪˣǮׯȻǶ಻ʤҾȥǮׯ棬Ȼ֪һЩ˵ҼҵǮׯҵǮׯǲһҾͲ֪ˡ
ҶЦеǮׯӦö࣬ǮׯҲʩȻǾһһĴȥ
Ȼ˵Ҳ֪жǮҪǮĻһĲȥ
Ҷ֪ǼģЦܱĿﲻûж٣ҲǶҲȡ˱жҵĿꡣ
һ磬һֱϣҶжҶȴҪȵԺΪǸʱ˵ķҲû취ֻõȵҹʱ֣еˣڷ˯ͱҶ׽ˡ
ôôٲĻҾ˯ˣȥˡŹǷ˵
ҪڼɣȥǵǮׯҶҲе㵣ģȻһ𣬻ܶһ֣ͬʱҲ˱ֵļʣҲˣһˣοɵ
ȴϾվ˵ûߣܳɹ˦ҿûôףھˡ
Ҷ׺ĵǮׯֱӷɵǮׯݶһǳӴĽݶҲǺܴҶ׸ǮׯĲ֣ʼѰҽλãûеңѾȷλˡ
ָָұߣǳ϶˵
Ҷæʵô֪ˣ
ЦΪȫģΧûκεİ취Խ룬ΪΧǳصʯǽоֻûеƹ⣬ĵطУ˵ûڣ˽ûˣǮׯﻹûˡ
㲻˵˰ôûƹ⣿Ҷײʵ
ɵϣ㿴ǰ棬һƹ֣ͨͨͨǰصˣҪͨܽ롣˵
ǲԴݶȥҲܲþҶõĽ⣬Ͼͱˡ


ʮ жаѽ
ȥϷʲôģҪа취б£б´򿪣;ˣ㻹ǹԹԵĴͨɡ
ϰ취ȥҶֵ
취ҲеðգΪһ㶼ֻмܹ룬ֲ֪˭ܽ룬һ־Ͳˡ
ҶȴٺЦ׼ˣΪҰڿջҰȥˣֱǵƹƹģҶѾ֪ˣû⡣
е㱾£ô죿ҿɲеĳæ
ҲˣҾ˵ߵµ֣ǿҵģȻҲỳˡҶЦ
ҪǰļţûԿס˵
ҪȽ飬ԿڴƹϣѾע⵽ˣȥϵԿ͵Ȼȥ򿪽⡣Ҷ˵
ͷǾ죬ھͶ֡
Ҷ׽ԼƹģֻǳҶ׵ĸ֪࣬λú֮ͨҶֱӽǮׯ棬֮ѾҶˣǮׯĴƹ
ҶֱӾͳǮׯƹסȥȻҲͲƹס֪ƹסʵҲѾ̽ǻʾ۷壬ӦǸոͻƣǿҶ׻ܶԸ
ΧȻоǴʱҶѾƹģЩ˼ûʲôɣֻǳԾϻ֣ǿʱһʲô
Ҷ׾оС˵벻ƹǱѽҹŮˡ
Ҷ׸еЦû뵽ԼûȴΪԼ˯Ҷ׾ЦĿһЦӡ
ȻҲЩۣһͶҶװһ۵ȭͷ𣿡
Ҷ׸æЦ˵ġȻ첽ߵǰ棬Ķ֡
˴ƹķǰע⵽ƹķѾϨƣӦѾ˯£Ҷ׿ſ֪ƹѾ˯£Լȥ϶Ҫ¶ڣҶ׾ȴԼȥ
ԭأҶϾʩչ˷Ӱ˲ƯƵߣ֪ʲô飬ֱӱҶ׵ƻҶץʱ佫ӵԱߵĲݴ֮У֣ʾȥ
ûеȥҶѾĵĴ˷ţȷƹ˯ûУԴ򿪷ŵʱѾ̽˴˵ϢǳƽȣӦѾߡ
Ǳ뷿䣬Ҷײûеʱ䣬ͬʩչǷӰ˲ƹߣ֮ҪΪʹƹֵĻҲӦԸһǻʾ۷ĶҶ׻ҪСĵ㡣
ȻɵƹĴͷͷִϵ˺һ£ҪתҶѸٳһƻḻ̌ڴϣһҶ׸ϽϣúܿҵǴԿףѾɣƹιȥʱѾˣûлɱ
Ҷ׳֮ſڵæʵԿ׵𣿡
Ҷ׵ͷѾˣھȥ⡣
˸æǰ⣬һ·ҲǷ𣬲ҵʱ䣬Ϊ˭֪ᷢʲô飬ſڣҶϾסŲƵ˹ȥǰļ˸к
λˡҶ׼ƹȻ֪ж;ֹҲѧģǿһһξͻѧĲˡ
⼸ȻҶαװĴƹǻǷǳ˵Ļش࣬ࡣ
ƹǮׯȻǷǳĸߣǵһˣЩƽʱѵüƹǴкҲ֪ô£ǴкˣȻеܳ
Ҷ׾װģĵͷߣڴʱһС߳һҶ׵ǰ棬ҶҲ΢΢һһǴðģԼûôԸ
ΪҶײ֪ԷݣҲ֪γƺҶ׸ɴͲ˵ͣ˽ŲҺöԷ˵ˣƹô㻹Ҫ𣿡
Ҷ׾͵ͷӵ֪ͨҪ׼һʵʽѽ̵һ¡
ӵͷҲûлɣΪҶ˵ûǮׯ̵㣬һЩҶ״ѧģֻ˵֪ƹ˸ˣҺû
Ҷæ˵յͽܣһȥ̵㣬һͷæʲôʱ򡣡
Ҷ˵ûǷǳ˵ƹˣҲǷ£ҪУƹ롣
Ҷ׼һҲƭȥˣˣкûйϵְܹġ
˵Ҷ׾ʹһͨǽȥ֮Ҷ׺Ȼ˵ƹҹһŮȥ̵㣬ܰѳֵס𣿡
ٺ٣ҿƹֻҸڣ˵ڽʹսˡһһЦ
Ҷ׵ȻǵĻҲе̲סЦˣȻҲˣɫȴһƬͨ죬ҶҲЦһҶףû뵽ˣǾ͸Ƿˡ
ǿ˵ûɣûʹˣƹǺ޸ѽһĻЦһˣеֲס޲ûȥͽɱˡ
㣬Щ˾ͻᣬ˵жаˡ
Ҷױ˵ĶЩίˣʲôϵѽǸƹ̫аˣŻЩǷǵģҶҲһػΪʱᱻ͵ģæҪ˵ˣǵ˵һˡ
Ҷ׾ͿǰһţͿŵǰһδ󺺣Ҷ׻ûи˵Ѿ̽ǻʾ۷ʵȻ𣬲ϵĸ֣ҲǸոͻơ
Ҷ׹ҲʵվҶʺãƹôˣͬҲȥ۾ʱһƬĻ⣬޲
ƯŮЩΪƹԭδܿķǳƻͨʱͱò۷ˣȻͿʼϧ벻ôƯӻǱϼһ̣ˡ
Ҷ׿Ǳ飬֪ѾǷˣΪҶ׵£˵ҶҲһＤŭ˵̵һ¡
һŻعҲûκεĻɣЦƹô̵㣬࣬Һѽ


ʮ ͨ
Ҷеζˣæ˵ҵͽܣģҴһ̵һ¡
ȴͷҶҶƹý͵ġ
ҶԽǽͣһԽǳǸˣһҶЩˣæȥԿף黹ǷˣԿ׵ʱȻһ֮
Ҷϸо̧ͷһһȻɵǰؿڲһѱıջأ󺺻һţ˵û˵˰ɡ
󺺻ûѾܶˣ۾Ҳ֪ô£ΪλᱻɱӦûзӦ
ҶҲǼʶٶȣԲæôɱˣ
ȴ˵Ҳô˵ˣһ汻֣ɴཫǹ棬ǾͳˣԱɱ
ҶҲǣҺ֣ҪˣҪԼҺܶ鷳Ҷ׸æѰԿףҵһԿ֮󣬴˴ţҽǸԭⲻķλϣԴϣ˯Ž档
һķǳףҶҲܿ쵽˵ڶſڣͬһֻҪܶˣʮӣʵͿܸΪһ㶼ǿʵ͵ġ
ȻҪԲܶ࣬һҶϾվҶ׾ƹ񡣡
ҶҲֻЦЦ˵ˡҲͻôһ䣬ΪҲ֪˵ЩɶֻͬʱһʵҪǰһǿѾﵽǻʾ۷߼
æЦҲûƹѽô˻Ѳӽ⣬ˡ
ҶҲֻЦ޷޷ǶǸµģûʲô࣬Ϣɣǽȥˡ
Ҷ׾Ҫȥȴ˿е㲻˵ӣҶײûпʱߺȻ˵ƹλǣ
Ҷ֪ҲҪʣæͽܣһ̵⡣
ɫϾͱˣҶ׿ƣѵʲôˣҶ׼ֽһʱȻ˵ƹһ飬ûдѽ
ߵĻҶ׶ʱͲ֪λش֪ƹʲôףҶ׾ֻվû˵һϾ˵ƹͽܣǸֶûа취ƹˡ
ԭ飬Ҷæ˵˵ѾӦˣֶɣֲֻһͽܡ
ϲѽæҪҶҲͬʱҶ׺һ֣һߵͷһ˱̴ؿڣ߸ӦͱҶ׺ˡ
Ҷ֮Ը߾ѰһᣬΪʵһɱĻ㴫һ㶯ͻᾪǾͺˡ
֮ҶǰһԱߵλϣҵԿ״˵ڶţ˽ȥӦһˣҲʵǿһҶ׺еСĳǰȥ
תһ䣬ͿǰһţҪغܶ࣬мĸְ壬ǰͬһλȴϢ
ʱ˵Ƿǳڷܣʵ͸ǿҶ̽һ£Ȼﵽǻʾߵļ𣬿Ҫͻư벽ʥߣֻΪ츳һֱ޷ͻơ
ĶҪһɱкܴѶȣҶ׺ϷǳֻúǰһװŴƹ˹ȥǸ͸Ӧǵĵֻ΢΢۾˿Ҷףû˵
Ҷ׾ֻԼȥ˵ˣ⼸׿⣬Ҷ׾Ϳڵˡ
Ǹֻ΢΢һЦƹˣʲô𣿡
Ҷ׸æ˵ҽϹ̵⣬ҪʽȣԱҪŪá
΢΢ͷǺãɡ
Ҷû뵽߻׷ǹȥﻹڸˣæߵ˴ſڣҪѰԿףǾͷһɲߺȻ֣һֻצֱץҶ׵ľ
ñˣҶҲǴһæٶ㿪Ϊʵǿ͵ϮҶҪ㿪ףֻõһ˵İǾ
ֵ߳һɲǣһֱҶ׵󣬺ƽУ߼ֻһŮģᣬΪûʲô£ûнԵһԸľҶס
֪Ůʵֵһ˲䣬ıҲˣһߵצʹӰеȻǱıֱӸжˡ
ʱѾ˵ڶιΪ֪ܸȵʱ䣬ֱӴͷ­߼ٺˣܿĹΪѾϣʹҲûа취ʹãֻʹˡ
ߵ־ȥץߵıҶҲʱ˹Ҷ׷Ĺ͸Ϊǿֱӱȫǿͬݿĳߵ壬Ȼû鱦ҲǷǳľˡ
߸æ赲ֵܵסҶǿĹƷ飬ǿֱӹߵ壬߾ȻûбΪͬһס
ûıһ⼰ʱߵľߴʱѾҶ׵߻أûεӦıѾĲӣҪǱеĻûл·ˡ
ʵ̫ǿʱ˹ȻлϮͬʱֳǰһҪԼסԼһˡ
ͿлȣһԮˣΨһͨסҶ׺ıҲӲȥ
ûſȣҶ׵ĵֻѾһ׼ȷߵֱͣӽĺԶһǳ׵ưˣ漴һ̱˵ϡ
ֱʱҶײǺúõĴˣոȻֻ˲ĻɱǹȴʮֵĽţ΢ҪǳһĻǾͻкܴ鷳Һϵķǳãǻɱߡ
Ҷ׻ǺܸмĶ˵лոճˣĻһû취㿪Ϯ
Ҷ˵ʵʵ֮ǿҶҪ㿪ǳѣȴҲ˵֪ͺãҪסҾȵģԴᵽ˽ǿɲƽֲƱˡ
Ҷû뵽ʱ˵飬ҲǸмЦ黹ǵȻȥ˵ұ֤ƽ֣Ҷ˰ɡ


ʮ ֵǵ
ĵͷ⻹࣬ǸϽȥɣҪжٲƱ
Ҷ׸æһţȻŷǳĳأһİ취ûа취򿪣ǽȥ֮ǻǱǰľŵˡ
Ķأ棬İ˸ֲƱǿǳƬƬĳЩѾöˣýɽݣÿһɽ߶ȳʮףʮСɽҶҲ㲻⵽жٳ𣬲϶ǰõȫҪĶࡣ
ҶѾû̫ˣæ濴ȥһƬһƬˣЩѾŵ룬һһγ˳ǽ߶Ҳһ˵ĸ߶ȣҶ׹һ£ﳬһҵ񣬵һڵĳһСĵ۹ˡ
û뵽ôǮһǮׯҵжǮҶ׶󣬶Ҷ׳ԾʱȴȻ˵˵ﻹбЩֵǮġ
Ҷ׸æ˹ȥͿһǳ̨ϣʮǳѤЩ״һҲǳΣǵɫȴһѩ׵ɫֻīɫЩѩ׵ȴͨ͸ǵĳɫãѵǴ˵е
Ҷ˵滹иõ񣬻иõֻıϳǼģһ۹Ҳûм飬ΪһֵһжֵǮ
ǲǴ˵е񣿡Ҷ׸æΪûмȻҲȷ
ŵͷȻˣҲֵֻǮĶѽô˵Ǵ˵ˣҼкܶࡣ
Ҷе֪ǮûˣæȻһǾͷˣǸϽȫ߰ɡ
ȴϾ˵ЩҵģֻҪǣ㲻Ҫ⣬㶼߰ɣҲҪˡ
ҶȻҲϲôõĶ˭ϲ뷴ҲֵǮҺֵͨǮҪȥõϣƽʱϣ͸˵ˡ
Ҷ׾͵ͷӦˣǺãģҵġ
ϾƱˣҶ׸еΪܶ࣬ҲҪʱ䣬ֻһɨеͽɽ֮С
ܿҶҲһԼɽ䣬ֻɽҲܲˣЩɶѵĳȻҶҲߣѾûеطˣͶ˵ɽӦûеطɣЩɡ
˭֪ȴĵ˵ҵıô˵ЩãҲŲҪԼбԼȥ
ҶҲûа취ֻ÷ˣǮѽûطˣҶ׺Լôɽ䣬æǸϽ߰ɣܱǷˡ
͵ͷ˼æ뿪˽⣬ǳʱǿǸ߻ǹԹԵûб֣ƽһЩæ˵ڶſڡ
ڶſûʲô쳣λһſڵʱǸое鷳ˡ
ΪǿͨǺ鿴ģҶ׸æ߳ţҲ˹ȥ
·ʱǷǳĺҶ׾Ҷæ˵ǽȥʲô
һæ˵ƹй£ÿʱҪȥ鿴һΣܱ֤ȫ
Ҷȴ˵첻ˣϷոմûκε⣬ǽͲȥˡ
࿴һۣû˵Ҷ׼Ͼ˵ѵҵĻҲ𣿡
һæҡͷһ˵Ȼƹ˵ˣǾͲȥˣǻȥɡ
תߣҶŷˣҪǵǹȥɱĻҲ׵ˡ
Ҷ׾͸ǵĺһֱſȥȵ˽Ĵſڣ˿ΧҲûʲô飬תҪ뿪Ǿڴʱԭסȥ·ͷȴֿ˵ƹô̵ˣ
ҶŲòתЦֻǲ鿴һʵ֣Ͼûˡ
ǸͷȴûߣߵǵǰһЦݵ˵ƹͷе֪ܲƹСǮ
Ҷ֪һȻԼǮһΪỳԼˣȻеǮʱ򲻷óΪЩǮɽ棬óĻ»ᱻͷ췢֣Ҷ׾æ˵˵ûдסþˡ
Ǹͷһ˵˵ǾͶлƹˣԺƹҪĵطܷԸһհ졣
ҶЦͷ컹ܲﶼһ⣬ƶҪɱˣҶ׾Цûû£ˡ
ͷ컹æҶһ̣Ҷһֱƽȵĳǰȥֱ뿪ǵߣҶŶ˵ǸϽ뿪
˵˸߸ߵΧǽֱͳǮׯ
ȵǻصԼĿջҶ׾ͽŽգҪúõĴҲķ䣬ܻ֮еΪۣΪʵЩţ̼飬һ˷ܣϺ˵棬ԺҪϷ
ҶĻеЦãԼϷѽɲ뾭棬˵ʲôʱͳ⣬ǿ鷳ˡ
Ҷ׾ЦߺɣԺеǺ顣
ҲЦ˵һ˵Ķԣ֪֪Ǯׯϴһʲô飬һıӶˡ
Ҷ뵽飬æ˵ǽϻǸϽ뿪ɣܿҾͻ֪ˣһ̲ΧеĵطѾˣϾʶǲˡ
ȴЩ˵˵һأôˣһ뿴Ǹʲô顣
ҶæҪǱģҾֲ䣬Ҳûа취
ҡͷˣҿɲɳ˹֣뿪Ҳãʡ鷳ھߡ
ʰһ£Ͼ뿪˿ջһ·˱ϰ·̣ͣ
ҺֽһҹпջӪҵҪͷס£Ϊ˱Ҷ׻ԸСƥںԺҪ˷֡
ȵһжæˣҶúϢһ£û뵽ʱȴķˣҶ׿Ȼ˯ˣæ˵ôô˯
ȴЦ̫̼ˣҶ˯ˣ˵˵ɡ
Ҷее۵ĳԲˣ˱⣬ô·ܲ𣿿˼ȴûһô˷ܣбѽ
ҶֻˣʵҸ˵ʲô


ʮ ӻļ̳
͸˵˵Ĺ°ɣҵ飬ŮѵĹ¡˷ܵ˵
Ҷ׿ɲ˵ԼŮѣæһǸ˵˵Һҵ°ɡ
УҪŮѵĹ£ôʶģ˵æʵ
Ҷ֪ŮӶⷽǳĸȤҲֻô÷Сʱʶˡ
ôãһܰɣжమҲ𣿻ΪʲôҪֿѽΪʲôһѽǸ𣿡
һ⣬Ҷ׶֪شһˣ֪ŮӶ԰жôĿˣһ˫ޱȿ֪ˣŮӾҪ顣
Ҷûа취ֻҲԼŮʶĹ̸ĽˣһһˣȵҶ˵Լ뿪ʥԺ֮еİ¡
ѽ㻹еģõŮңɲҪˡһֽĿҶ˵
ҶЦЦôأʹʱվҵߣζ뿪ġ
⻹࣬Ҳ֪ʲôʱõİѽ̫Ľˡп
Ҷ׾͸ϽЦѵûûϲģ
æҡͷУҪеĻһ𣿡
ҶĻʵôţеĶʮͻ˰벽ʥߣ㶼𣿡
ȴ̾˵ɲƾʵ˵ģҪƾо˵ҲѽȻһǺܲҾǶûиоҲû취
ҶҲ飬ϲһҲû˼ʵΪʲôҪһ˳˲𣿡
ȴǸһĳݣѾҶ׵ԼˣûٶǾ裬˵ҲǱƵģûϲˣҪȥЩûиоļһȻǲӦˡ
ҶһЦԭӳѽôҲǵӴ󣬸һܳ
ǲü˰Ļ²ܳ𣿡Ҷʵ
Һ˵̫ˡȻǵĹϵЩӣϾת̬ȣ˷ɣ˵˵ˣ͸˵˰ɣҼҪЩģʵ߰ļһףҲԸⱻǰڲԾӳˡ
벻ȻһӻģҲһŮľǳסӦû׷ɣѵûҵ㣿
ȴ˵Ȼ׷ˣֻзѽһܳǵΧ˴½ҵҿɲô׵ˡ
Ҷһæ˵ʲô˵˴½ˣ
գգ˵ʲôֵ˴½ˡ
Ҷ׳Ծڣ֪½ж󣬿֪½мǧ۹һ۹֪ģ½ǾͲˣȻ˴½˶·ѽ
ôܵôԶжԶѽҶ׸̾
ȴм˵ʲôз֪һܶ·𣿳һһһĵ۹ûģҲܵôԶҪôԶҲѽ
Ҷ׸ǳԾȻǱѽԼͼֱˣֲ÷Լһ߸ϵģҲǣٶԼ޷ȵġ
ô˵ļǴ˵еĴ½֮һˣҶ̽ʵ
ͷ˵ңԺǵġ
Ҷ׿ûҵ˼棬ڼļ붼ڶļ壬˵ңңȻʵǺĴȾͲ˲֪ˡ
ļҶ˵ֱ޷ӵĴڣҶ׾ЦһСһôῴϣ
Ҷ˵еȻ츳ӴңʵӦǲֵһɡ
ȴ˵ͻᣬΪڡ
Ҷױһæ㲻ҪҴȥɣ
ĵͷȻˣ츳ʵҲһεһȥ֮Ҿʹȥˡ
Ҷ׸æ˵㲻˵Ҫȥôָı⣿
ҵɵѽ˵Ǹ֪ڡȻ˵
Ҷһô֪ģѵԼ¶ʲô
ô֪ѲڵģҶ׵ĵ˵
ΪˣҺһμ棬һν֣֪ǿ˵ǸջҸۡСӣֻû˵ѣһ·㵽жı£ãһ·ֵĲҲû˵˵
ԭ֪СˣȻǴĵӣ㲻ӳôҪȥ
ܲһֱȥɣֻҪǴӦңЩ߰ļһҾͻȥӦҾͼˣǳӦҵġŵ˵
ҶЩ棬ʵô֪ǻӦ㣿ǾͲˣ
ȴǺܽ˵㻹֪ҵʵݣɣҾΨһļ̳ˣ˵ǸҲӦҪеʲôʧĻҾҪˡ
Ҷֱһҵļ̳ˣ˵ҵļ̳ˣǾ˵δ峤ˣҶ𾪵˵
ȻˣҪȻΪ˵ʲôҼҸ׾ҵ峤һʣһˣҵļҵȻҪҼ̳ˣǻ᲻Ӧ𣿡
Ҷ׵ͷ˵ǣϾ뵽ҵһ磬ҲҪˡ
ˣ˻Ҫˣ˯˯ˡҶ˵
ȴЩЩǹԼҪȥЩһҶ˵˲ȥҪȥûа취ܳģǵҲû취
ҿ㻹ȥĺãҹǿ϶ѾˣҲĸĸ̫ˣáҶȰο
̾ʵҲǣֻǹ̫ܵˣҿɲһǿƣҲȥûеõȷеϢҲȥҳҲֻһµʱ䣬һʱ˵ɡ
Ҷ׾Ц㲻ҸɾȥɣĻͬͬ⣬Ҳû취ΪѾ췹ˡ
Ҷֻ˵Цȴһٺ˵Ҳ˺͡
Ҷ׸æģȴ֣־ץҶ׵ͣҶȻҪ˫־ͲĽСָץסˣ˶ûʲôֱ֣Ȼ˵Ҷ׵ϣ˵һǸʵزʱѹҶ׵ؿڣҶҲһļ


ʮһ 쿤
Ͼ͸оԾæͨͨ죬åΪʲôҪȥѽռҵıˡ
Ҷ޹˵ҵˣô˵ѽܲܽƿɣĻ㲻ǻҪˡ
쵰ռ˱˻ԣ˵ôˣ㲻֪ŮӾ𣿡
Ҷױ˵ûл˵ˣֻǹԹԵĽĽѵˣ˵˼֮Ҳû˵ȥˣҶ׳ûæתƻһ֪ʲôأʲôѽ
һ˵ǸҶ㻹ʡ
˵ĲǼʵʲô
㲻ὫǸָóɷķǾҵ
ҶŪͽֲֻͬѣҶæ϶Ҳвٵ׷߰ɣ
ǵȻɣȻкܶ׷ߣֻһϡ
۹⣬еҲȷ࣬Ǵ½ļҲû˸׷㡣ҶЦ
ȴҡͷҿûô룬ֻܺһ𿪿ģᣬΪҿԸһе˾Уʲôλǡ
벻룬ǶеɡҶЦ
ҼﲻӦģ֪һӻΪʲôǸҽܵĶǼӵܣЩӵȻ츳ʵûһӵܣһڼﶼֺУȴﲻһֱõҼĲҵžЩӵĿɡε˵
벻㻹ôෳĵ飬ȻӳͲҪôˣú棬˵ĶӣʱﲻͬҲС
̫СҼˣҪԵĲҵĸĸĳǶϣҺʹĵƫӦЩϼһ߷ߵ˵
йһٸ֧㡣Ҷæ
ƾ㣬ô֧ңһ㶼򲻹˵Ҫ㣬˵ô֧ңһĵ˵
ҶҲֻεЦЦʵһѾǳˣĴǰǲֵһġ
һһǺܿĵģ͹ˣЩ˱ºܸȴûʲôôҪǿֿҶ׼䡣
ҶҲˣŮܲǻ£ﻹ̵ģȻ˵ȥһʲôӰɣҺ뿴ǵı顣
Ҷһȥ͵ͷǺãǾȥǮׯҪȥĻҪαװһˡ
û⣬ŮװˡΪ˿֣Ҳǲ˺Ըеˡ
ʱѾǺˣҶ׶е˯һֱڷ䣬Ҳ˼ߣ˵˵ҲоеˣŹǷͿҶ׵Ĵһ˵Ҿ㴲˯ɣҲȥˣ㲻ʰ㡣
ҶԼҲ˯ѽæ˯˯ȥ
Ҳܣһȥ϶˯ţر˯ڵذϴ̰ɣı»ֲðʲôģŮӡ
ҶҲûа취ֻˣʵͲҶʲô뷨
˭֪ȴĵ˵ƾǵ㵨𣿾㶼ңҾԷġ
Ҷû뵽ԼôĵСѽ˵ҲȷеԼǲѽ
ˣԼ˯ذҶ׸ɴڵذϣǺչ˵ĸһͷԼȴֱɵҶ׵ĴϣҲʲôƣ˲ľ˯ˡ
ҶСĵĻعͷ˿һʱǸоеѪˣǸʱزʱסҶ׵ߣĶʱȴһ˵͵ңҾʹϹ۾
Ҷһû뵽֪Լ͵Ҳһȣæ˻ȥܸоԼһ˵飬ʮֵĺڡ
û˵ʲôܿʹƽȵĺѾ˯ˣҶҲо˯ʣܿ硣
ڶҶǱֱӸסӽˣæȥҵǮׯʱѾеģֳһˣǮׯʱ򣬾ͿǮׯѾǷˣǮׯΧǰҪ˼ҸǸ֡
ǮׯѾ֪ⱻˡҶ˵
ɵѽǮ͵ˣǻ֪ܲҪǻ֪Ļǲ⣬ߣȥ
ҪҶһǮׯҶΪ˱˵ǻڶ濴ˣô˵ġ
Ҳûзԣ˾ԭסĿջ£ҶæʹСǮׯô£ǲǳˣ
СȴҲǺֻ֪ǮׯһӾ˺ö鷢ˣȴ֪ʲô顣
ҶǮׯıܹĺܺãҪִУͶ˵˵ǮׯҪǷǮĻǲǻɺܴĻң
æͷǵȻˣǮׯҪûǮĻǲ͵ˣ˵ʲô˼
ҶЦҾô֪ǮׯûǮˣǶһǮׯ֧Ų˶ˡ
ȴ˵㲻Ҫˣ滹ôĳԸһĴû⣬ȫһҲû¡
ȥЩǮأ˵Ĵǲǻ⡣ҶЦ
æͷĻǿô֪˭Ǯׯˣѵ㻹Ҫһһȥ𣿡
ҶȴЦͲҪȥʣֻҪǷųϢ˵ǮׯȫߣϢȥЩ廹ǿ϶ڵһʱǰһ
һЦӴ㲻ҪˣһбǮׯȫԽǮׯùѹĻǻûа취
ҶȴصЦҪֵʱˣҪҪһ·ɣȥ
Ҳһļ˫ðˣ˵ȥ̫ˣҾ벻ĵҲĳ̫ˡ
Ҷ׵ԼأȻ˵ǻˣҶеҪæŽⱻϢȥǳףڿջҵСͽϢٶȴ˳ȥһ磬Ϣʹ˼˶ˡ
Ҷû뿪ջЩһļӣͬʱ쿤ļ壬ͬʱõһϢǾǮׯ񶼱͵ˡ
Ϣ˵쿤Ϊе϶Щ洢ǮׯģҪ񱻵Ļ͵ǽǵ͵ˣͷֻʣһûõĴ浥ȻĴ̨˭Ҳʲôѽ


ʮ °·ɱᱦ
ܿеһλǰһһеһλˣĵϾŷһʱǮׯļ嶼ˣǮׯһӾ˻֮С
ΪǸûԶһôĴǮׯҲֻסţԵȣ͸Щ廳ǮׯһʯǧˣЩ˳СɢҲһȻǿԶһԽԽɢǮׯˣתֱ£ΪͻǮׯҲǴҴҸǵõϢȴǵȴ
ЩǮļסˣ׷Ҫ̶һرͻǵݷͬһ㣬ҲҪǿ֣׵ΪǵҲǴ޷һϢҵǮׯҡ
Ǯׯһ䣬ƹһĽڷⲽʱһǮׯƹæ棺ƹ񣬲ˣƼҺǮҵһˡ
һɫѿˣ˵Ǻã
ƹȴֵƹҪٶһĻͻִĻˣܻǮׯӦǸʱһܴܵĳ
ͷҲ֪ȥǣ˵һὫǵĴ浥ȫһ
ƹȵ˵ƹѵа취ˣ
ʲô취ֻǮׯˣǮׯаٶҲҪ磬һǰȥԮȳȥסǡ
ƹæȥˣϾͶߵһλ̴˵ȥϺ½Ϲ
̴æȥˣ߽ܿ˴ƹķ䣬æ˵λϣһοҪͷλˡ
½ͳߣǵʵǱҪǿϺܶ࣬Ȼûͻư벽ʥߣǻʾ۷弶ӦǶˡ
ȥ˵ƹ㲻˵Ҳ֪ȥǮׯɣϷ岻ݴǡ
½Ҳȥ˵ϷҲԸǰ
̬æ˵˵ؼʱҪλѽһǮׯΣϷҲѴ̣ƽ֮ϷͻģھҪλϰһˣȥǮׯ֧Ԯʱöһ񡣡
½æôĿǲ֪ǮׯĴƹ𲻴Ӧˡ
ȴЦҪǲӦĻϷа취ҲûӣҪǹҲԲ˶ߡ
½ЦǾͺðˣϼһھͶǰǮׯ
һ·ǰɡæ
½ȴǹЦҪҪ˻͵ĻȥǮׯʲôֲǳôĶܴˣʲô£ڼǵϢɣ֤ܹ
ǴϲæлλˣϷм
ϻػ֮Ͼ뿪ˣ˿Ҵҵ뿪ǮׯʱҶ׺ڶĿջȲ迴Ϸʱ˼ҴҵĴǮׯǳע˵ʵǳǿǻʾ۷壬ӦǮׯǿˡ
ҪȥǮׯǮˣǸȥҶ׶Ц
һͼ죬ɲˡ
˸æ뿪ջԼıǵıԶԶıϵǿܿ׷ˣΪ˲ݾߣҶ׻ԶԶĸţҪǻŶ֡
Ҷ׺һֱ˰·̣ǵһµĳҶȴͣ˵ǾͲýȥˣ˵ҵ˻ע⵽ǣǾڵǰɣǻҲġ
ҲǵͷǾǽƱɡ
Ҷֵ˵ʵǳǿǻʾ۷弶ҲûȫİսʤǣҲϣ
ȴмǻʾ۷𣿰벽ʥҲһʲôµġ
Ҷ֮ﻹһϲôôѽתһ룬ĶЩ׷˰ɣЩȻѵһˡ
ΪԷһҶ׻ǾС£ȲŹһʱӣҶ׿ҳϳǰǻǷǳ˳ҶײûǶߵ˵һһ͵Ϯһ˸һٶȽս
Ͷ˵ȥԸǰǸԸһ
˵ʵ൱ԶԸκһǺ׵飬ҶҲûзԣܿϳǵǰûеҶ׳ȥԼȳȥˣֱӳ嵽˴·룬ûͣ٣ķڰ֮УҶ׵һοϵĳ򣬹ȻôƯҷǳ޴м׳
ڷϵ͸Ů·ֱӴǰ½½һ뵽ӿоȻһλɱ֣ٶȷɿ죬Ѿɱǰ
ͬʱҶҲˣԸǺһλϣҶֱʹ鱦һ˲һɫĳͷֱǰ
½ɱæеıȻǽߣ½ʵȷ˵ãʹҲñסĵһɱķȴֲѣȻûʵʵĹֶΣǿƶʱͽ½ƥֱɵվͲ½ʹĵڶɱٴ١
һеıһ⣬ЩȻγһֱ½Ĳͬλ½æųƷȻƵסһЩǻмֻͻ˷½塣
½ʹ̣ƥѾʹֻܷ뿪Ǿ֮зеʱ򣬷ȴ͵óĻǿֱӽ½ķĵĻλƣͲܿԼ壬ȴŷٶѾɵͷٴηɳֱӷһ֮ıӱ屬һӾͽ½嶼м䡣
½̧ͷһŵǻɢΪܿУֻڻ֮жܺͷڶıϮûа취ȫһֻ壬ŵڶֻֻʮֻı½
½һһڵ䵽˵棬Ǿ䵽ʱ򣬷Ѿٶȿ˵ûиκδϢĻᣬıһȴûзֱӷųͬ½
½֪һξԲǸոĹҪȫԸеıһ⣬ҲǱȥͬʱ½һƬƬķƣȥ
ķƣֻڷĳһ֮¶ʱʧ٣Ҫ֪Ѿﵽʥ߼ֻٶ͵ޣṥĳĳҲԽƷ
½ĹƲֱӻΪУԼҲǿƷųıǲһڱײ֮УһأΪɼΣȴͬ۾ĳ½


ʮ 
½еķѾʧЧĳĵ߻أĹǱȴѾ࣬׼ȷ䴩塣
֮ȴû˳ٴηת½ػ֮ûκηʱٴδ࣬һͬǶ½ǳܲסεĹȥ
ɱ½ʱҶҲڼս֮УҶ׵鱦һѾæʹԼĳǹֱҶףǳǹ鱦Ĺ֮£ȴƫ뷽λǽĳǹϻƣֱӳ塣
鱦ĹѾ߱ԣΪ鱦ܽǻǿ󲢲ĹжôĿ£ڲϵ֮ӵԼԣӵһ㣬ڵĽͬһԵֻԻǱ㣬ֻһЩ򵥵Ĺ취
ĹȻܹһĹæ룬ǳǹȴסȻǰβĴѾ
һæǹԼȥΪַ֪ǳǿӵԵĹֻа벽ʥ߲ܴﵽģΪҶѾﵽļ
ΪˣѡܣΪϻдʵĲƸе񶼷ϣܵĻҶҲͰæˡ
ܣҶ׿ɲ׵룬ʩչ˷Ӱֱ׷˶ڰ֮УʱѾûֻƾԼȭͷҶսˣҶ׵ı˼ɣûзųܽȫ֡
ʵҲһȭȻܹͬװĳХųҶҶȴûýȻԼͨҶý־ͳԷȫĳһƣֱͨԷ塣
һӦҶͨǿһˣ߱ͬǷǳĿ£һ֮£Ȼﵽ˰˵ĸ߶ȣͬһǽԷȥȭͷǽײ֮£ʱǺȻ飬Ҷ׵ƷҲʧˣԷȭͬ飬˴ƽ֡
ɾҲΪƽֵʱȻֵķ֣ҶӰȻ˲ͿʼۣٴλָԭĹģʽ˹ٶ죬쵽ûʱȭӡصĻ壬ʱͱˤڵأֱӱһοӡ
ҶͨƵڶ㣬ǿľܹ˲۵ڶιӦһǿɱﵣΪһ˸뵽ĹȻܸۡ
Ҷ䵽ǰʱѾǿѪڲѾˣոһ޷֮±УǴûκη֮ϣʵǿҲܲˡ
Ҷ׼ѾʧȥսջرʱҲ˹ǱߵսҶҪ磬ͶҶ˵ҪˣѾɱˣȻţˡ
ҶҲû뵽ʵǿȻҪɱһ֣Ҷ׾ЦӮˣǻȽƱɡ
ǵĻͽеҪҽƱ룬ҾҲύġ
˵һ־ͳԼͷȥҪɱϧٶȻˣıʣֱӽһָֻ
۵ǹǺȴһֻ֣ܲɱԼ
һɲˣΪֻ֪ҪԼ֣һֻҲסˣɱʹѽűͺȵ콻ƱĻһʹࡣ
ȻҡҡͷһͼˣеҿͷӲҵıӲȻʹҴ̣һʮ£϶ʱͳ˿ˡ
۵ǿ޵ģһʵ㽻ٲĻҾҪһˡ
ӲļһҲܲסʹ࣬ǵͷҽҽһֻȡϵɽ䣬˵еĲƸˡ
ҪȥãҶȴæסɽ䣬ĻǾõˣҲûа취ȡ
͵ͷ콫Щóɡ
ֻԼʶɽ䣬һԵĽеı˳ôĲƱ֮⣬ȻһЩ߼ķҶϲ⡣
벻ϻôĺöҾͲˡæͽеĲƱͳͳջԼɽ䣬ҶҲûзԣɽ˲ٵĶѾûжٿռˣϣҶҲܷġ
Ϊ֪ͲϲǮϲĴ̼ļеЩѡ
еıͽɽҲŹһˣѾԸӣһûֱӾ͵ضˡ
벻ôˣһһأˡ˵˵
ҶЦһӾͱ˼ʮ˭ı²ѽ
˵Ҳǣ̫ˣ´עˡʡ
ڻȥɣǮׯڵǮȥǻȥǻǸʲôӡ
һǷǳĺ棬ǼʲôˣЩҲһˣ˵ὫǮׯƷˡ²˵
˸æַ쿤ǻʱ򣬹Ȼ˵ǮׯѾˣǶڶһ󲿷ֶǶһ𣬻һ˾ûôˣһֱ֣ΪҪһ
ǮׯһûУȥһ֮ԽԽ󣬺ܶഢҪֵӣҺǮׯҲܶ࣬һʱ佫Ƕڰȫ
Ҷǻʱ򣬻ȥǶջǼǮׯȻУǻûгʲô״ҶҲżǵȴǲˡ
˾ڿջֽһЩƲԺȣȴʱһĹȥֱҪڵʱǮׯĴƹŸо鲻һǳõԤУǾɳȥ˿Ѿزˡ
Ϊ֤ԼԤУæǰȥӦǾոɳ˵ʱЩѾһĴǱˡ
ȱĿͻͻǴ洢ǵԼ񱻵ʵѾ֤һ㣬ͻϾͷˣһ˳˹һ˴еǮׯȻˣӣӽͽǮׯˡ
ЩĴǶˣǺˣ񴢻һͶΧ˹
ɲһĹЩ˶쿤Ƿ糾۹ļ壬ǲǵģЩȻһ㣬սһʼ֪еһ֣ǲ֣ԼҪ꣬ԺܶæˣЩǮׯڲһƾͷ˲ԤϵĽеĴǮׯڲ֮󣬼ңҵĵӸûа취סǡ


ʮ Ǯׯ
ǰ˴ͷңЩҪһĴҲ͸ˣҲеѾǶһ˳𣬿ǿҲۺˣϾͼ˶֮УһӾǧˣôһӳ嵽Ǯׯ棬ϾͽǮׯеĵطռˡ
ʱǮׯѾûа취ƾƣƹ֪Σæеȥ⣬һȻҲͱ¶˽λãͷļӾͳ˽еȥǵĶ
е˾ͳ˽⣬Ϊֻ̫࣬ͨôԺܶ˻ûа취룬ûа취룬ǾұطѰʲôֵǮ⣬ֻҪǮׯģһɶŹеķ䶼ߣ֪ʱĶԺ׷˭֪˭
ߣΪѾסȻЩ嵽˽ſڣȴûа취룬Щ˴ôŪҲ䲻ţ֪˭Ȼ˵ҷŻ
ʱĴѾӽ˷֮У֪ĶˣڽǴ򲻿Ҳûа취ɴһѻˣԺ׷Ҳ׷˭ͷϡ
ոһ˵Ͼ͵õ˵ĻӦҶǮׯȻǷǳĲҪķʽܿܶѾҵ˻֣ʼŻҲϽ뿪ǮׯĽ⣬ȥĵطûʲôġ
Ƭ̹Ǯׯұ߼ǻˣܿʱЩæͳǮׯܣԽԽ󣬺ܿϯеķ䡣
һֱҶҲû뵽ĽǳĻƣҶҲǺЦ벻ŻҲǮׯˡ
ЩһҲ湻ģǵĶŻǮׯҶЦ
ȴ˵յĿɲһķӣǮׯֵܶǮ⣬ЩƱղģȴЩ˻ȥƱġ
ҶſΧˣȻҶû뿪ڵſǮׯճɻҽȻȥѰֵǮı
˵ʱ򣬴ƹѾܳǮׯߵļλҲҡͷһʹӣʹĪˣһǴ˴ˣǮׯڷ糾۹ļǮׯ֮һû뵽ȻǻԼǮׯջˣһοҲûҵˡ
Ƕȥסλãκ˿ڷΪ滹дĳЩȻûֵǮΪӴֵҲڶʧ
е͵ȫȥˣΪҲڴ֮УǸ޷ֻڴΧγһЩĴҲͶ˽⣬Ͼͳ嵽ЩǰЩȻҲ٣ǺǧĴȣ̫ˡ
ΪգЩҲûϾͷڵȴŴϨʱȥҶ׿ͶЦһҿҲҪˡ
˼һǮׯˣ˼ҵȻ»ֹһǮׯǮׯҲùóô񣬹ĽҲˡ
һ˵Ҷ׺Ȼ뵽һ飬æգգۣҲϾ㲻ȥǮׯְɣ
ҶȴЦ²Ҫ֣ѾȥǮׯ鷳ˡ
˵ЩǮׯĴҲȥǮׯһ𣿡ȵʵ
Ȼˣ˭֪ǮׯǮׯҵģǮׯճɻҽЩǮׯĴѵǵǮҲճɻҽ뼴ʹϢʱЩҲӦ֪ǮׯˣǿѾȥǮׯһԼĲˡҶŵ˵
ҶԤϵһ㶼ʱǮׯſҲվ˺ܶǰһƱˣǮׯϢϾǮׯһˣӣоһߡ
ʱǮׯѾ󲿷ֵ񽻸ǮׯѾûôһˣȻܼһᣬǿҪڣҲֻǼֵŵʱˡ
һʱǮׯĻƲСˣڻС֮Ǯׯеķ䶼ջ٣ֻʣһѲԫϱڣΨһȴȻûбջ٣Ǿǽλá
ǽ⣬չ֮Ȼûбջ٣ĸҲѾˣ˺ܴĿ϶ĳй¶˳Щһ𣬶ʱۺˣеĴȥ
ҵĵӸæȫ⣬Ϊ̫ˣǸ޷ֹǧһӾͽһٶλ嵽һȥˣЩ˽Χסеǲ̣ȥǸţǺܿͱյ۴С
ȻҲи֣˾ԼȻǿǻ޷ֵס߼Ĺܶ൶ǹôܿеط˸˿ˣ˲Щʹӽ˳
е˶ڷ𣬸˻˿Ĵţһ˿ЩͲҵˣǾڴҷʱպȻһըףһ¿µеˣǲĳտȥ
ҶʱҲʶǿˣæ̧ͷһͿ֮гһӰӰһͷ޵棬ӵзǾǵλһ֣ʱһߵңҲȥˣΪ֪ȳֵǮ
ĶҹвĻҸɱۡǿĶ˽е
ô϶ĲƱǲܾԹԵĽģܶ˼ƲæܣһӾм˳˷ȥһ¾ǿҲûа취һӾͻɱô˷ܵˣҲҪ֣ΪЩ֮кܶҲǷ糾۹ļӵܣóȻ´
ֻ뽫Ǹ߾ˣЩߣûг֣Ѿ֪ǮׯѾûʲôֵǮĲƱˣͱߣֻʣ˳𣬻ڽӦûʲô⡣
ȵƬ֮е˶ܹˣֻʣԼˣЩ˸æϿյ߹ڵؽе¡ϡ
ҵĲ¡ϣ¡Ƿ糾۹ǿˣʵȻҲûͻʥ߼𣬿ڰ벽ʥ߼֮УϺĸߵİ벽ʥʵǿڷ糾۹ȻΪǿ֮һ
Ҷ׼ߵĳ֣ҲһĳԾ벻ڷ糾۹ǿҲˣҶԽҲǷǳˣҲû취ӣһӴǮׯˣҲĳԲ·ˡ


ʮ ǿ
ֻ¡ϵʵҲǷǳ𾪣ʵԶԶҶ׼벽ʥߣǰķƺ飬ȴǲ˺ܶ࣬ǿʵҶԼսĻûκεĻᡣ
ʵǿ¾ߵǿˣҪСһ㣬ҪˡҶ׶˵
ȴĿ˿Ҷ׵С𣿲Ǹ벽ʥߣʥ߶µġ
ҶεЦ֪֮и֣ʵ̫ˣʱԸǿĶ֣СΪ
򲻹Ǿİ취а취ܶԸǵģⷽ㲻Ǻ𣿡Ц
ҶȴЦǰûǿĶ֣һĺǰһ
Ҷָæ߿ȥʱеҵӶǰҲ޷Լ䵽棬ǰȥ˿ǷǮׯҲҡͷһŭӡ
ҹڵĶе
ѾŵǰˣæŵĶ߶µ˲¡ǰ¡ָصķ˵Ǯׯڶʲôӣ˵ô㡣
Ѿ֪һԼĻ̫ˣԲʲôĵأæڲ¡ǰһڵ˵ϴ£ҲԹԡ
飬Ҳ֪Լһһʧ̫ˣʧЩ񣬻һǮׯҶмӰ죬ֲʧ
ǲ¡ȴûжֻ֣˵Լ֪ҪɱܽеʧûĻϷϾͶˣôķϻɱʲôôֻҶˡ
һϲѽæͷлϲɱ֮Ը⸰ҲҪΪʧ
¡ȴЦƾ㱾£ʲôʧȷţģϷҪô£ôһö˶˵ǮׯȻ˸ջˡ
һӵĻҪ˵æ˵ϣ˰ƻһʼǶǮׯȡ͵Ϯ͵еٷųϢ˵ǱŻĽе鶼͵ɵģ񼫣һҪڳ
¡ʱ˵飬˵αװģ͵ɣ
ŵðСӹģֻ֪һܹ룬ԲűҵģҲǺ֪飬ݺ
¡ȴЦû˵ɵģƾ㵨ӣ𣿴ʲôûУ
æⱻ֮ϾͷϢѲ飬ȴûҵ͵ߵϢʧһ
ˣƾҲǵģϷѾ֪ǵˡ¡
һ֪¡ô֪ģæʵô֪˭ģѵѾ
¡ҡҡͷϷȻûмȴѾܶˣջǬۡǸصˣû뵽Ѿ˷糾۹һˡ
ջǬۡˣϢ֮ˣȻ֪Ҷ۹ɵ飬ǶǾ춯ѽҶ׷û뵽ھȻڷ糾۹һҶ֣̫ˡ
Ҳò˵ĵӺʵΪӴ󣬶һˣЩɶܹҵĴ¡
ϣԭѽֲôϷ򻹲˭͵ǮׯˡȻ˸ɵģӦþСܶˣֲ¡ûɱΪ㻻˱ˣҲ
¡ֵΧѰңֻҪӣһɸץ˻û֮ʱܱɱ˵ģҪʱע⸽˶ŰҲץ
ȴе㵣ģæĻ᲻ᾪ̫ˣڵֲ
¡ȴ糾۹ҲץҪҪĻǷ糾۹ĹҲһץѾǰˣϾҪˣǾͺһѲ˵ɡ
ʱ˵¡ûɱæ£һ˼⣬һ˸һȥ׷͵ߵ䡣
ڴʱһֻӴĶ鳯￪֧ƺƵҲеİգҶͬҲˣȻûа취ǵĶԻȴҲµǵжҪץˡ
ԶĶǮׯ֧Ҷ׵һǧȫװҵӣͳһǴзŻףȻֻһķף֮࣬ҲǺˣһǧǮׯϾųļţĳܹǳõѵÿһ˵ʵǿǻʾڡ
һǧǻʾڵʿһ֧µڶʿ֮лкܶǻʾɺǻʾ۷֣֧ͷĿ
ӦӢĶɣҶǳҲ˵һεжˣҶҲûд뿪Ȼ֪Щ˺ܿͻѲ飬ıӦûʲô⡣
һǧӢʿվ֮һλ곤վʵȻǰ벽ʥߵʵҶע⵽֧Ȼһλ벽ʥָӡ
λ벽ʥ¡ǰǺܹ˵ϣкηԸ
Ȼ¡ĵλҪߣΪǵʵͬо룬Ȼ벽ʥͬһ𣬿ֻǰ벽ʥ߳ڼ𣬺Ͳ¡Ѿﵽ˰벽ʥߺڼ٣ȻǲᲢۡ
¡漴˵ųϣھͽеȥ̽˵䣬Ϸ㣬ӦþڸֻҪκοɵˣͳͳץʲôݡ
ŵİ벽ʥ߸æ˵ָϾȥץ
ŻͷͶ¼ǻʾ۷ͷĿ˵һһ֧ǰеĿջѲԱŹһˣƥΪҪͬʱرոʮﷶΧڵĵ·κͨС
ǻʾ۷ͷĿϾŵŸһǰջȵѲ飬ʱŶ¡˵ϣô֪һڸģ
¡ЦţҪԼĽһ÷ǳĿϧ׼һģ˺úѲ飬϶ҵǵ䡣
ҲͷϹȻ㣬ֻС˵û֮һξȻ˵ǬģûбϳһҵͬʹǾͺҵˡ
¡Ҳǵͷ˵еϷŻԳҲҪȥĵطˣϷߣϷҪ㿴򣬷ԲʮﷶΧ֮ڣп֮ˣϷᷢǵġ
¡˵ͷǷ棬˵ҲɣڿѰǵټҵǵĿԻ󡣡


ʮ ٱ¶
Ͼͷɵ˷޵ȻҲǰ벽ʥߣȻûʸõķΪ˷ɵ˰֮УԲʮ֮ڵκζ
ʱҶҲ¡Ϊæ˵ˣϼһɵ֩ǣֻҪȥͿܱǷ֡
ȴ˵ʲôϵǾ㿴ǣҲץǡ
Ҷһϲѵʲôð취𣿡
취ȻУֻҲöѣǵķж죬ܱȵҵķҵķһתܵûӰˣǻô׷˵
Ҷ˷ܲѣһķһǷԼҲӵĵҶ׺뵽һʵʵ⣬ֻһƥԼ϶ûз޿죬Ǿֻһƥˡ
Ҷ׾͵᲻Ӧæûֻһƥôˣ
ҶҲ˵ԼһȻǴֵ˵ʲôϵټϼҲɵĺܿ죬һӰ춼ûС
ǵ˵Ҳ뵽ĹؼڣһСռұˡ
Ҷ׸æҡͷҿûУֻġ
УԼȥԼǲһڷϵġ˵ΪͷҲֻͨƥһһĻͻǳļҪˣ뵽Ͼġ
Ҷ׼ԣԼҲûа취ѣ͵ǺðɣҲΪ㵽ʱԼŷˣ취ǡ
˵ȴʵ뵽ʲô취ѵ㻹زɣ
Ҷ׿ЦҪصĻҪô鷳һݣӦܹƭϼһ
ԼСĵ㡣е㵣Ҷ׵ӣ˵ֲ֮˼ˡ
֪ǾҪ鵽ˣ㻹뿪ɣߵġҶ׵
ôϵҪ㣿еʵ
Ҷ˵ǮׯҰɣһȥ
ͷˣҪ˵㻰Ҫץˡ
ҶЦЦİɣץôʱҶû£һͬҲԡ
ŷĵ뿪ˣ뿪ջ֮Ͼ˷ķոڰ֮ڰе¡ͷټˡ
ǿߡ¡Ͼŷٶ׷˹ȥǵǷǰķ֮ȴһľȡ
þȻǷ¡Ҳ𾪵˵Ҫ֪ɲһļܹӵеģֻĴܵõķޣҲûС
һ׷ˡԽԽԶķ¡Ҳ֪ķ޸ûа취ͷȣ¡Ҳֻ̾
СӾȻзʲôˣҲǲʵ
ǸˣһŮģӦߵǸŮӡ¡˵
ǵݷǳأһǲ鷳ˡҲЩĵ˵
¡ȴҡҡͷĴ壬ǻļԸֻҪǿڣʲôҷģŮӵķӦ·Ǵ͵İɣ
˵ǣȻǾͲˣϧķ̫ˣǸ͸ϡ
ûйϵֻһһ϶Ҳǡ¡˵
ϻȥúõĲ鿴ΧһҵǸˡ
¡Ͼŷ޷أǷصʱҶҲݣһӵģ뿪˿ջȥ
һ·ڣȴǰһ·ﲼõģԲʮ֮ڶΧҪȥ˱Ҫǵļ顣
ҶҲûеģΪЩ˸Ϳںȴ̲飬ܿ͵ҶҪܼʱ򣬰֮ȴ޵Ľ
ҶһҲ΢΢һѵ¡ҲܷԼȻܱ֤벽ʥ߰ٷ֮ٷֱ治¡ڰ֮лܿ
ҶײµĲ¡ͿҶ׵ֻոմҪҲǻԵɺϣҶ׺ҪˣΪ¡Ѿͣͷ֮ϡ
¡ʱѾ˼Ҳ֪Ҷ׵һ˺ϳҲҪܿԲһУҲûзҶ׵ټ
ҶȻﻹǷǳĵģʱκε쳣ˣֻװʲô֪
ȵ̲ʱ򣬲ĵʱΪʱ¡϶ע⵽ܲܿݾͺ˵ˣΪ¡ʵʵ̫ǿˡ
һҶ֣ʾǰȥ̲飬ҶҲֻ˹ȥֻǿһ۾Ϳʼû¾ͽˣȻûнҶϾʹ뿪ǵҪ뿪ʱ򣬺ȴһ˵Сӣ㻹ϷƤ𣿡
Ҷһ֪Լˣûлͷ룬Ǻ¡ȴͲõģֻµķޣǷವһͳ嵽Ҷ׵ǰ棬סȥ·
ҶһԷǰ֪һǺˣΪԷʵǿķ޸̫ˣԼûлѡ
ҶҲûдˣȻûа취ѣǾúõһսɣȻսҲ϶䣬ҲҪӣҶġ
¡Ҷûܣ´һСӣȻǸߣϷ򶼲㱻ɺȥˣҪϷ鿴֮ˡ
¡ҲһܷҶȫǿʹ鿴ҲδҶףҲôɣҶóǰܿ
ҶҲûʲôη壬͵㻹е㱾£ϳЩҵķҪǿˡ
ԱߵűҶ˵ɫеѿΪҲҶ׵쳣ʹ棬
Сӣ߳Ҳõܶı죬˵Իܰ벽ʥߣ֪ǲģ¡ʵ
¡ҲҶ׵ʵ鱨˵ܹƣȻǱѹʵǼʹҲǻʾܹɱģһϾܿҶ׵ʵˡ
ҶҲûʲô͵ͷǵķƾɱģռ˵˶ѡ
Ҷˬĳˣ¡ҲЩСС;ȻӵʵȻ˵ãֻϧѡ˶֣㲻ԵĻǰ;һǴŹâܳΪһǿߣϧˡ
¡ҲΪҶ׿ϧĻ¡ûмҶĵӣȻ½ϱҶ׸ǿҲУǶӴľӢǿϡȱԴǿĺģҶȴЩĵӣ˲ţЩĵӡ


ʮ 벽ʥ
ҶЦʵҵĶָͲѡ񣬶ѡңҺҵĶԹˣǲġ
¡ҲǵͷСйֻԵĴ˵ģûа취ϷѣȻ֪е㱣ı죬ҵǰûʲôˣһ㡣
ҶҲûзϣ¡ĸ֣ûģûҲսҶ׾Цһ뿴һǿߵжǿǿĶ֣Ҳһˣ㱻һ˵顣
¡ҶҲҡҡͷСһǺοأ־ܰɣĻ㻹ܵƤ֮ࡣ
ҶȴҴû뷨ҲҪ־ˣǶְɡ
Ҷ׷Ǵߴ¡֣¡Ҳ΢΢ЩŭЦСһѾˣȻ㻹棬Ϸ棬ֻɲ̫档
¡ߵ˵ųϣȺСһɣϷҲ뿴ǲӣܻɱơ
æͷھͽ¡
¡ȴЦɲҪССһˣȻܻɱƣǿ϶ЩµģҪСĵ㣬Ҫռ˱ˣĻӮˣҲѿˡ
æлָ㣬һȫģκεĻᡣ
˭֪¡ȴֵϷҲҪһļһҲܰ˵̫ˣϷҪȥ
æֵͷӦͷɵҶ׵ǰҶʵһֱе㵣ģսΪʹԼܹѣеĵƹҲóˣʱ¡ûκεƿóˡ
ŵʵӦúͷ޼ҶԼȫԸӦҲлѣǻ˶֣Ϊɱ֮󣬾һʱʵȻûͻƸߵľ磬ʵս˼㣬ȻûкͰ벽ʥ߽ǰҪǿϺܶˡҲһˡ
СӣҾƱɡжһļ𲻵ͣҶ״ӷ鱦Ҳ޼ҶֻóԼıˡ
Ҷ׽Լıȡʱź¡ϾϳǷƵ鱦ˡǸҶ׾ɱ˷ƵˣҲҡҡͷ벻Ҳһλ벽ʥߣȻСһ
Ҷȴ΢΢һЦʲô㲻ýҵء
˻һŶʱǴŭûԼҶ׵ûŴȵСڳԣϷ򲻽ƨ
Ҫ¡Ļʱһ뽵Ҷ׸ɱˣѾкܶΧˣ󲿷ֶҵĵӣиĴӸطӿЩҶ׵ĻҲҶ̫ˡ
Сӳһȷ˹ΪҶǶĴһǿ󣬰벽ʥ߳磬鶯ߣĹ
ҶҲҴ⣬鱦է֣һֱܳӳԷ齣˲˫ˣǽȻĽԷ齣ˣһغϣҶ׾ȻռϷ硣
һ¾Ųˣһ벽ʥ¸ûʵܹסСӾȻסˣһˣѵСѾﵽ˰벽ʥ߼
ȻҶûдﵽļֻʵڸԭٺ֮ѾǻʾʵˣټҲûȫȻûռˡ
СӣȻӣСˣһҿ㻹ܲܽסҵĹűɳʹԼĳ֮
֮ͬǻʽȻͼĻʽȴѾǰ벽ʥˣΪһĻʽֻʥ߲ӵУӵһʽƷѾǳѵˡ
ͼ֮еıһ⣬ЩȴϬĹһڰ֮ƮҶϮ
ɽȴ쳣ͣûκεĿ϶ѣûпҶףѾԲʮ֮ڵĿռȫҳҶм㿿ȫһûκ·Ĺ
ҶҲǵһμǿĹѾǰҶҲʹԼľУն
һʱĴڳĽɣĽצֱץЩնһӳƸǿ
Ƿ֮ĹȻҲɳ뿪һͨҶ׸æͨߣɲ뱻⽣ûˡ
ߵʱٴηųĹһһӡŵ֮ĳһӡڰ֮оһֻֻӣҶ׵ͨһͷϮҶҪߣҪ֮С
Ҷһ۾Ϳһָ߼ԼҪȥ˿¾ͺӳˣֻܸı䷽ٴκˣǺĽѾֲԭĿռ䣬ܾܿͻɱ
ؼʱ̣ҶҲǴŭûΣʱ̣⻹ûи¡ǿĶִͳǻˡ
ҶһӾͱˣ뷢ɱɱۣ֮ɱ֮ŭָҲͬʱһʱ嶼һεȦǿȦֱΧеĽƸŵˣǶҶ׾Ȼʵ
ǳǻʾʵ˳ԾʱҶ׵ǿ󹥻Ҳˣ˲һ׵ĽҲȻʵʵƬҶҲûȻܲ죬ʱҲûô࣬ĳΧ͵ȥЩεĽʱͱĵ·ɢ˲ʧ
ĿиŸĽЩû˵ҶףȻ˽ʳʵӵǿ
ֻӵŸϽȥҪסǿĽֻոտȴһɣֱӸ̽˶ӡ
˵ԤϣȻҶҲЩɵˣҲ½ʲô⣬æջؽɲҪʧҪ֪ȫ۶ɣһľĻıͻˡ
Ǿʱȴֽ˳³ʱǱȴһͨȻӻԭӣѾʧȥԭȵԣҲ˵ûйˡ
ҶƣһǲҪʱȴ۲ѣæһҶ׾ͲԸˣȻżô϶ã˵ûҲܸˣҶ׾Ϊ뽫͵ģҶֻһɨ֡


ʮ ƴʱ
֮Ҷ׵һʱŽɽ䣬ſԼı̣ҪҶƴޱ޼ʵĽǳҶ׳ǿĽǰЩЩһˣȫԵס֮Ĺ
¡Ҳ̾СӹȻһ츳ǧѽ
ʱѾǱҶ׵츳ʵסˣʵҶʮ겻ͣѾﵽز͵Ļǻˡ
뵽¡ҲǸ̾ɽв˳ѽҲѾˡ
Ŵʱȴڰֱ֮ԼıԼĹûκεã涪ˣŭ֮£ԼǿĹ
֮ءʹ֮ǿһУȻһѾмʮˣȴֻһɵΪϾʥ߼Ѿˡ
һʱҶ׸оΧĽӵǿˣǷ綼ǽĹǰȻҲǽз֮ɻûдﵽռĿ˽Ĵﵽزˡ
ڵҶ嶼֣æųԼ¶λǱ˼ҺнףĹ˵
ǿĽѾ޷һεѹѹмλãΧĽȴʱ̵ĳҶϾʹ߶Էˣڿͬʱ壬ЩεĽȫĳҶ׵ΧЩȴǿߵĽոջˣĽϾֲ˹Ҷ״ϢĻᡣ
ô죿ȥǽҲҪſѽһֱųǶγɣְֻܼʱӣѾܺľеˡ
ƣöֹ⽣ɱˣҶԽԽżջʲô취˶ֵʱȴˣСӣʱôŴѽ
ҶЩʵһʲôУȫˣûа취
ٺ٣СѵϵıǼһѵϾû𣿡
һѣҶҲˣм֪˵
˵ĸãҶæʵ
Ȼˣеãնֵ㽫ųͿˡ˵
Ҷȴǰ˵Ļ㲻˵ֻܶԸ벽ʥµĶֹһѾﵽ˰벽ʥ߼ˣҷų̲Ҫˡ
ȴǺǺЦڵʵǻʾҪĻոѾɱˣڵʵѾﵽ˰벽ʥˣֻǸոմﵽѣʩչ̣ȻԸųɣٲųĻ㶼ûˡ
ҶԼѾǰԼˣǶ̶̼µʱ䣬ʵҲﵽ˸ǿĵزϲæϵ̷ų̷ų֮󣬾ڰ֮ϱһͼڿлת¡ŶˣǶ֪϶һ߼ﶼ˼
ֻǸӾȵǣһųʱͶΧγһǿЩ˲ͱ뵽˰Уӵһ޷ֵħһ㡣
¾ҲɵˣĽȻ˿һͼˣ⻹ҪΧеĽһͼ֣Ͼʧȥ˷򣬲ٳҶ׹ȫͼǵļҡ
ſﾪֵǣıȻһĽ֮ԲǺͷΪıҲҪѵļŸæȫƱһʼûдջرʱջصĻüģΪ̻ûжԱʼգŻάĹҶס
ϾͺˣĹûЧԽԽѾһˣŵʵҲ󽵵ͣƱҲˣҶ׿Ѿ˶Էıһ̳ŵıһǿûзӦϾĿƣҶ׸ˡ
һ¿ɰŻˣϾͳ̷ȥǵոտ̵ʱȻҲоһǿƺҪڵȫգŵøæˣĻȥԼı
Ա߹ս¡Ҳ𾪲ѣ֪Կ϶һΪıҪŵ֪߼٣¡ҶǸоһˣϵжٵܡ
ʱҶջŵıæҲԼǳˣ벻ԼڵʵѾǿˣҲܻš
ȴһʹ࣬ıȫҶ׶ˣ˵һͿأؼôǰˣûˡ
һʹ¡ǰԼҲ֪Լûа취սˣֻ¡Щε˵ϣܣȻˣΪұ𡣡
¡ȴֻ΢΢һЦ㣬Сɱ˷ƣҲ͹Ƶкǿʵֻû뵽ʵѾﵽľ磬ʱաǶĶˣҲøо̫ǿ̫
¡ǿĺŵʵӦ˵ѾˣֻϧĶҶײʵˣϵıǿսʤš
ű¡һ˵ҲǷǳĸмæлϲ£볤ΪҶر
¡ͷһģ°ɡ
õ¡Ĵ𸴣ǷǳĸˣıܹˣΪҶҲ¡Ķ֣¡ǲһܽʥߵļ
ʵҲȷˣҶܻź̶ܴΪķʵȵĻҪ·磬ƽ֣Ǻ¡ȣǾͲһȼϵˡ
ҶջرҲûüͱﻹǷǳĸˣֻǺܿҪٸǿĶˣ¡Ѿվ˳
СһȻܴţϷǵ͹ʵˣϷ򿴣ϵǼӦõȼͣһܵõģǷ챦ķ
¡Ȼ֪жϴ̵ĵȼĻҪߣѾﵽμˡ
ʹ챦¡ҲһջķûһҶĻҲûзϣ˵ôѵҪ
¡Ҷ˵еסˣЦö˭ҪҲҪû£Ϸ챾ֻȥţ˵ıϷҪеæˣ㻹ǽıɣϷֺ֤


ʮ 
ȻҶ׻ţ¡ﻹʲôŵʵ¡Ȳ̫ࡣ
ҶҲ¡ǳţԸԼûκεİգӵһԾʤķտʼҶ׻Լսʤţ޷սʤŵĻʹʹҲֻܻŶ޷Ը¡
ֱŻ֮ҶѾĴˣΪӵһܻǻɱ¡ķǾħ
ҶһֱûʵսħΪûĹͷ죬ʩչħõĻˣҲûѡֻħҪһУĻͱȵʱЧҲҶڿ벽ʥ֮Լ޷ȫ˵ԭ
¡Ȼ֪ܣΪҶ׸޷ѣҶ΢Ц˵Ҫץңɲô׵飬ҸģܴѣԺҾͱ˱ô
ҶȻûȫİգΪħûʵսܻܲ¡ҲĽܣڵʵܷħɵʵӦܹ˶֣ʹܻɱҲ
Ҷײ˵ֻĻ˵֮󣬾¡ЦЦСӣ֪ţЩ£Ҳ̫ΪˣܴҵѣͲܡ
Ҷȴٸҷϻ˵ҲҸҴİɣҵĻͱϻˡ
¡糾۹ǿ֮һһСһĴ𣿵ô˵棬¡ȻǵͷãϷͿôϷѣˣϷԺҲ鷳
ҶæҪԶţҵ˶붼Զŵġ
¡˵еŭ͵Ϸʲôݵˣܺ㿪Ц𣿡
ǺãھһԣܲץҡҶҲڿ˼ƣ׼ħ¡ȴ΢΢һЦϷô㿪ϷĵһУν
Ҷ׺ȻΧһɫӣЩһӾͽ̧ͷһվȻһǣֱӳͷ
Ҷ֪϶һֽ󷨣֪ƿֻȫԸ˱ֱӳЩɫӿȥ鱦ȻûнЩɫӿϣЩɫӸǽεסҲֱӷסϷ
ǺãԼûзųħѾϼһץסˣҶеˣոôǰųħħ˵ԼҲܳûߡ
Ҷ׸æȫɱÿһιЧЩɫô˿ûˣûжһ£Ҷ׷ǳЩʲô
ʱ𿪿˵Сӣ𹥻ˣⲻܹƵģϼһʥ߾γɣϼһȻûͻʥߣѾӵһʥЩγһֽͲһĹЧ
Ҷ˵ҲǸˣæʵô죿ѵסˡ
ȴٺЦģǰŪˣʦ˭ˣΪʦȻѾԶǰǶԸǴ´ˡ
˵Ҷ˷ܲѣæ˵ʦҳɣҪȻıˡ
㼱ʲôٴߣϷҲǸһھĽƣ㲻Ҫˡ
Ҷ׸æĻԼһ˲Ҷ׵˫ͼҶ׵˫֮ȻâҶ׵ҲһǿϢΧİɫӶʱͳһĻζâֱӽǰϡ
ʱ¡Ҳ֣ʥ֮⣬ûܹݻ٣ǰ˾Ȼӵʥ߼¡ҪǿƵʱҶﵽһ㣬ǰɫȻһը¡ҲܵصĳһʱͳˣֱǷ˳ȥ
¡һӽʥ߼ĸ֣ȻҶܣ˶û뵽飬ǿȫһߵľƣڣ¡ȴҶ׻ˡ
Ҫ֪Ҷ׵ӵһλﵽʥ߼ǿߣǾͲˣ¡ҪĻҶҲûа취Ϊûôǿ
¡ֱ䵽棬ĿѾѪոһε깥Ѿܴܴ˺ΪأҪ޸ӵѣʹڵʵǿ
¡ѹ괴ˣԺָҪҶһվףΪոһսȻˣܹܵģҪսʱҶȴԸˣҲѵʱ򻹲ߡ
Ҷ׸æ룬¡ߣϾ׷ȥ¡ķҲȥܿ׷Ҷ׵ǰ棬סȥ·
¡ҲϵˣҶ׸оԼܲħˣѾ쵽ϣʱ׼ųħ¡ҲȡԼһξ֣Ҳѱ֤ȫˡ
Сӣոô֮ǿԲԼʵϷǹǴģ¡ȴҲû̶֣ѯҶΪ̫ˡ
Ҷ֪Լѣ˵ϵбѽ
СͺŪСɣҪӵǿʹﵽʥ߼ϷҲĶ֣ڵʵԶԶﲻ׼ϻкܶܣϷͽץϵʲôر֮
ǾͿûץˣѽҶѾ׼ųħҪ¡һ㣬ħܷӵˡ
¡Ҷ׼ֵӣﻹе㵣ģС̫ˣӵԼ֪ܣðʲôķɡ
¡ûиֱӳȥ׼һֱȽ׵ķʽǾһξҶףҶ׼¡ûǰе㵣ģ¡ȴڼʮ׿Ѿ˹
ǾڴʱȻմһ˻֮˻֮һƥӰֱӷɵҶ׵ǰҶ׶ûԼѾ˰Ӱ棬˲ʧǰ
̾¡ǰģ̫ˣӦҶѾˣٶȿ쵽ķҲĪʱ
һˣ϶ǸӵзŮˣҲֻзӵǿٶȡ
ʵҲˣʱҶѾԼ˷棬ǰԼֻ˼ҵϡ
ʱ˵콫ÿ
Ҷ׸æԼÿˣʵôֻˣ
û˵Ϊ㣬㱾ܴϼһҾ֪ҲĻˡ


ʮ ֵĳǱ
ҶҲûԼоУæЦǶлˣ벻ķ쵽زҶ
Ϊʥ߼һҾ㣬ôлңҪҶױ
ҶеҪô˵ɣֻҪܰ쵽ġ
ǺãҶӶˣ͡˵
Ҷû뵽Ҫ򵥣ʵҲֻ˵˵ѣҪҶıҶæð죬Ͼȥҷݡ
ȥǮׯɣһҪһ߳Էһ߿ϷЦ
ҶԼǰҪȥǮׯģæھȥɡ
ϾͷǮׯǮׯĳϷҶ׻ǽ㻹ǽɣôȥˣ϶ᱻֵġ
ǺðɣԭģԷ˵
Ͼ䵽棬һƥͨƥҲʧˣҶҲԼԭģΪոյģѾϳˣԭģΪû˿¡Ҳûпģ̫ˡ
˽Ǯׯſڣǿ˿ǮׯǮׯҪɣΧóΪǮׯˣǮׯҲҴ⣬˺ܶĸǰ
Ҷٴ編ƣҵһҿջǮׯϢһʱϢڴСﵽһһЩ壬ЩͬǮׯĴ󴢻͵鷢ΪǮׯѾˣֻΪǮׯûʲôҲûһ
ǮׯҲϢЩͲˣϾɳһ񣬿ƫƫǵĵǮׯͱǮׯ˴ˣһЩͷŭˣϾǮׯܿϢǮׯĴӵʱǮׯͱǮׯʼһǰһĴ
ȻǮׯҲѾɳ˺ܶЩԽԽֵ࣬סҲ˺Щˣֻʱסǡ
ȴԽԽ㣬ǮׯһģһûеõĴϾҿˣеһ˶֣Ͼ͸ȥ֣ٴʧأһαǮׯΪѸ٣ΪЩѾ֪Ǯׯ飬Ǹûʲô˼ȴֱӾͰǮׯжˡ
ܿǮׯҲһƬĻңҶ⿴ǮׯһƬ֮ЦǮׯҲҪˡ
æЩҲ̫ż˰ɣʱҪˣǮׯҲùġ
Ҷ׺ǺЦʲôֵģǮׯǰЩ˻ֻܵǵϼһϾͻϵĻЩ˸ֲʲô
Ҳǵͷô죿ǲŸոտϷҪǶæˡ
ð죬ҲȥɣǲȥŻôҶ׻Ц
ѽѽҰͲ湻ģĵҲĳһ߸ˣһ˵Ҷס
ҶеԼôϲȥŻ𣬿ȴ˵ԼҶҡҡͷʹǮׯʱǮׯǰûˣеȥķͽˣҶ׺˳ľͽǮׯ
ΧûʲôˣһƧ䣬׼õĻ˳ȥֻܿһŻһ߷Żһ˸߲ҵĴУҺʱҲ˵עˡ
ܿǰԺϾͱΧˣҶҲҵ飬æ˳Ǹո˳Ϳ֮зӰҶ֪¡ˡ
ʱ¡һ࣬Ҷ״Ǳһˣ뵽һʱȴǮׯµϢ¡ɳǮׯģǮׯµȻҪæǰ
ǵǮׯʱǱǰľ󾪵ˣǮׯȻҲˣô£ѵһǵǮׯᱻչ
¡æ󻹸˼λǿߣоţʱǮׯҲ׷׳ܣΪ̫Լ޷ѣҵϽǰ
ǻ̫ˣѾյһĽԽԽͣЩҵĵҲǱˮнãʱڰе¡ҲĴһŭ֮£ֱӷɵǻϷųĻȻĳƣһʱһǿֱǽǳĻѹסˣķԲʮ֮ڣȫʧ
¡ٴηҪĻ𣬿ʵǿȴѾ޷ˣҲֻ̾ɵ˷޵ϣǮׯٴαΪҽ
¡ŭ֮ȴȻ뵽һ飬ϾߵŵǼɳȥѲΧˣСӿ϶ˣƸ㲻þŵģһξԲˡ
ŵҲ˲ǮׯϽȥץˣҶΪԷһͶ˵ǻ뿪ɣһһյܶĳǮׯҲֶһҲûʲôÿˡ
Ҷ֪εĶһ粨ܿͻϯ糾۹ǮׯͬǮׯû㹻ĲƸԸĻǵͲҵܴܺӰ죬ʧȥ糾۹쵼λá
ҲͬҶ׵뷨˸æ˷ǸͲ¡׷ǵǵǰգ¡һǷĶιȥΪ֪СŪ飬Ƥѡ
Ҷ׺һмӣǿһǳƯĳǱȥ˳ҲϢϢֳ֮һƥͨƥΪﻹǷ糾۹ҵĵ̣˻Ҫݡ
Ҷ׺Ǳǳر𣬺ĳͬĽһ˵ĴŶһҶҲܺĿ⿴ǣֱҪȥǳǱ
ҶҲȥرĳǱʲô᲻ҲҵĳǱǵĻҲ뽫ˣҶϲ飬ֻҵĲҵٵ
Ǳ֮£ǲſǱжˣ볬ףвʮ¥Ǳȫðɣǳĸ߹ϣڳǱ棬˼֣¥
ǱĽ϶İЩǲ򣬼ֵǣóǱжôݻڳǱĴǰмȫװأҶ׿˿֪ǱӦûа취ȥˣͶ˵Ǳǽȥģǻǻȥɡ
Щвʣ˵еطҲܽȥ취͵͵ȥˡ
ҶȴԵǻȴǱ˭ɣȻĻֳܻʲô鷳㲻ǶǾڸҵԵģȻʵǱ˭ġ
ҲֻõͷǾİɣһҪȥ϶ʲôĶ
˾ڸѰҷݣǳķݺܶ࣬ҶһǱľ¥³Է


ʮһ ԼҵԨԴ
һջϾʹǳǱ飬СС磬ǰĳǱ˭ģǮӡ
СһæЦλ͹٣İɣǱǺպû˲֪ġ
æͷģҪȻô飬˵ɣǱʲô
Сæ͹֪ǱǷ糾۹һϼĲҵΪԣǷ糾۹ϵļ壬˵ѾʷˣǱ˵ǧǰѾڴˣΪԼҵı־ԽҲԼҵܲ
һʷҶ֮Ҳզ࣬ȴΪȻһҲǺܳĵطӵһļ壬Ҳǲ׵飬˵˵Լʲô£ļ֮ûʲô
СĻҲסˣҲ͵ǿЦѣæֵԼҿɲˣ˵ǧǰ糾۹ĵһ壬κһ壬ǻߣǼȴ壬ҪȻ糾۹Ļ嶼գ෴ǲԻ嶯ֵ֣
Լҵ˻ǲģһļѾˡҶ˵֪еļûʵʵﵽĻ˭ȥ۹Ĺ
Сæ˭˵أǷ糾۹ల£ԴӼǰһңʹһˡ
һңҶ׵۾ˣæڷ糾۹ʲôˣв糾۹İΣ𣿡
СҲСЩæС˵С˵һ糾۹ͶԷ糾۹ҵ˾޴ĴǴ۹óףжϵ۹óһĲҵҾ˵һӴļ壬Ųʮ۹ľãǷ糾۹Ȼ⡣
Ҳҧгݵ˵̫ҪˣһȥһҪúõĽѵѵǡ
СĻȴеȣæЦ͹˵ЦɣʵӴ󣬾Ҳûа취ҪԼڱ֧ŷ糾۹糾۹ͱҸˡ
ԭԼڶԿңԼҲǷǳˡҶʵ
γѽԼȻһϵļ壬ȴûǸǿԼΪ˵ֿסҵĹƣǵҲһһѾЩѱĵزˣ뵽Ƿ糾۹İնеѹԼΪǷ糾۹˺ܴĹףڵʱǷʳзԣ´ǵ֮Ƿ糾۹Ūֻ׬Ǯܰյܿ糾۹İվѹˣû˭ңҲûа취ǵ̫ǿˣҲûа취
ˣһҾ͸ΪУһҪȥѵǣ֪ҵһӾ
Ҷæס㲻Ҫ棬嶯Ȼ̸
ҲӣҶæԼôˣԼжǿʵ
СæԼȻѾǰǺǿģĻҲ֧ŵڣǵļ֮λ벽ʥߣкܶǻʾǿߣڷ糾۹ĻۣҲкܶҳǵļ壬ԻԺγĶš
ԼһǲҶҲ˵Լʵȷǿѽӵ벽ʥߡ
СȴҡҡͷⲢʲô˵Լǿʱӵһλʥ򾳽ǿߣǸʱԼҲǿʱ򣬾Ҳûǡ
ʥߣҶҲǳһȻ˵ʥˣǴûмһλʥߣæʵλʥߺôˣΪʲôˡ
Сҡҡͷϧûͻƣʹˣֻ䣬һִţȴ˵Ұ֣λԼʥ߼ͻ֮ʱ͵Ϯ޷ͻƣ䣬ȻǴţȴкܶ飬Ϊǲһʥ߻ˡ
ҵ˻ܸɳ飬ҶҲǵͷĻԼҺҵĳ޷ˣԼҾƴȫҲҶԿס
ֻڵԼʵѾǿˣȻ벽ʥߣǺǿȻǲ˺ܶ࣬ʹǶԸҲǺˡ
ҵ̫ɶˣԼһںҶԿ𣿡ʵ
Сͷ˵ҺԼѾˮݵĵزʱܱģսֻǸʱǰˣǰյȻϣԼӮˣԼӮʵ̫ˡ
Ҷ׵ͷлСĽܣС°ɡҶ׽һСƱݸССͷһԹԣһֵŵ
⻹ҶΪ˷ǮׯһСƱСҽӣæȥջóԺúȵĶʣµľСˡ
СŸҲΡΡ£æ˵ȥеĺþƺò˶λϡ
˵См뿪ˣ֮Ƿ߷߲ƽ˵̫ɶˣǮׯҪ糾۹
ҶЦΪôѽҪô׵ĻԼˣǻİ취ɡ
æǾȥԼңһԸô
ҶҲǵͷҲ뷨ǳԺ֮󣬾ȥݷԼңǺӦǲܾǵġ
ǸңҪǸҾܾǵĻҰǵĳǱˡе
ҶҲֻЦЦܿþƺò˾ˣҶҲˣϾʹԴȻһƯŮӣǳȴһеģҶʱ
Ա֮ϢƬ̣뿪˿ջǰ¥ݷԼң˰¥Ĵǰͱסˡ
ԼҵļʵҲǻʾڳǱΧкܶǶҲǷǳСģ͵Ϯ
ߺˣվмһλеĳǹһҶʵ
Ҷæ˵ҶͯλҵĺݷԼҼ
Ҷ׻Ļһ˵ֿ˿ǵϣ͵û
ҶʲôæǲûרǰݷԼҼġ
һ⻰ϾͲ˵˵ǼܼûУȻԽȥǻȥɡ
˵Ҷ׻û˵ͱˣʲôʱ˸߹Ͼʹŭȥ͸Ͻȥסǣ֪˭𣿡
ƺʢҲе㺦ˣϾԼҴſ˵˿϶еģΪ˱ֵкƾ֤֤ǵݣ
Ҷʲôƾ֤Уæ־Ҷ֪϶мƻʲôס˵㲻Ҫóɣ㱻֪


ʮ ͬĵ
˵ҲûͳԼˣҵϵ˲ӵеƣԼҵ˼ȻϳĻºܿͻᱻ˷֡
˵ʲô취ţѵ˵ҵĳˣ
ҶЦкβء
˵Ҷ׾Ͷ˵ȥ˵˸ոմǮׯǮׯǼ
Ҳɫһ䣬Ϊ֪ǮׯǮׯҵĲҵϾͺȵҵˣԼ
ҶȴЦҲҵˣҪץˣȥ˵Ͼͻǡ
ҲһҲҵˣûԼңæš
˵æȥˣҶ׺ţûƬ̹ʹҴҵ˳ٶԶǰҪ죬һֹһأ滹һλ곤ߣ߻к̴ܶӣȻͺܴ󣬿ͬǲҴҡ
ȵǰæ˵
Ҷײ֪λԼҼҪ˵ȴѾǰ´һϾ˵ʲôҪ˵ˣλ͸Ͻȥ
ҶҲͲ˵ʲôˣ˽˳Ǳ߻ߵ˵ڿʼرճţ˭ҲŽ
Ȼ߶Ҷ׵ĵǳӣӵرճŵĵزҶҲ֪ԼŻˣ˳Ǳ棬ȥ֮ŷǱжһˣ⻹ֻǵһ㣬ǧͬܶ࣬ǧǱԲΪţԲƣҶǰȫͬ
߽ǴһװĿҶ׼Ｘʴ죬ǽǸʲϣȻ񣬿ͬӵԣķӵи˵һǳ
óԼĻ۾˵˵ģû꣬ĽǸ޷ġ
æҶ£Աһʵİͬľζӵǧľ죬ķ䣬ҶҲо
ݷǳļҶ׿üĿģһһλ¸صǰֻߵü֮һɵ֮ɫһʱγɣǳ²ŻɫҶӦΪ˵ֿǳӵİɡ
ҶҲ̽һߵʵȻһλ벽ʥߣʵӦúŲ࣬ߣλǻʾ۷֣ʵһļ֮󣬸æ¶ϲˮһϲʵλմ
ҶæҶͯҵ
֣ΪѾֻȥڷ糾۹û壬ʹУҲСļ壬ܻ
˵ҲҶ׺ʵҶȻ㣬ǻʾɣѾ൱˵ˣΪŶʮ꣬͸ǿǻʾ۷壬ȫţֻǴӵеĵӣһֱǵļ嵽˭
ϷţԼҵļλſǷǳңϷû糾۹ҶҺҵļ壬λİɣ
Ҷ׼˵Ҳ˵ȷĵ۹ǵļ壬¼ӦҲ֪ΪԶ֮仹֮ͬġ
æ֮ʲô֮ͬ
ҶæǾйͬĵˣҡ
ŵɫһƬϲæո˵ǴǮׯǮׯģλǮׯʲôϵ
Ҷ׼ʵϣҲ֪Ѿµ˼֣ЦԼʵǮׯ¶Ϊɵġ
Ҳ֣Ȼ˵Ļµ֣ҶԼ˵Ǹое㲻ţϾܶԸңһ˼Ǯׯ飬ѵ˸ɵġ
Ҳ鱨ǾһֱץˣѾսֻǲǰˣҲе㻳ɡ
λͣϷɣʵ̫ˣǮׯɲһǮׯڷ糾۹һĲƸǵǮׯ𣿡
Ҷ׼ŻǲţЦȻ㲻ŵĻҿ֤
ҶȡһŵǰѱȡŵɫϾͱˣΪϵŵı
ⲻҵİ벽ʥŵôž˵
Ͼ뵽ˣ鱨˵ս֮оŵһ뵽Ͼ˵صˣǣϷ׾ˣλͲҪ
ȫҶ׵Ļŵı֤һУżֵ˵ϷǶлλˣλ֪췢ϷôõϢΪ飬Ϸ˵ĶоԼܶˣ벻λᣬ춯ص飬Ϸ̾硣
ҶæҲ˵Ҳ˶ѣһҲΪܸõĶԷңϣܽԼҵһԿҡ
ͲأæͷϷȻԸ⣬λļ룬Ϸϲ⣬λʲôҪᣬֻҪõģһհ졣
ҶҲæʱҲûʲôҪֻ峤ͨһ£ͬˣһԸңζԸңϸϸо
úã˵ʲôǾôλԺסɣҲ÷Ǽ档ˣϣ
Ҷ׿˿˼ȻϣסĳǱˣæǾɣҪ峤һƬ⡣
ҶҲ͵ͷӦǺðɣԺǾס峤ҪʲôҲᣬҲġ⻹һ飬ǾǵĵǲҪģ÷ϢҪȥĻá
Ҷǵ֪⣬ȻͶԼҷһʼ뵽ˣžرճţæЦСҶİɣϷѾȥˣԲᴫȥģﶼԼԼˣĹй¶Ϣġ
Ҷ׵ͷǾͺãϣԺ졣
æλǰϷҪԽӷϴúõףһ¡
ҶȴæˣǸոѾԹˣͲˡ
ҲûǿϾͰȥΪҶ׼䣬ҶҲŴһ³ǱڲźҶǽ̸꽻ĸо
ϣٴҶףȴֻԼĿҲǳ٣֮⣬ļĸԼҵļλϣŵӡ


ʮ 
֮⣬ˣҶʱžͶҶ׽ܵԹӣӣλԼҵĴԿ
Ҷ׿˿λϣͳţʵȴǲһЩҲѾӽ˰벽ʥߣֻͻˡ
λǶԲšֽһλ߽ܵ
ҶҲǵһʱ俴һۣɫ󣬿ɫܺãʵԿ֮£Ҳ˶١
λǵǿһλʵԲŲߺҶ׹֡
ŵӣͶ꣬ʵҲǻʾ۷壬һ飬һ衣Щ˶Ҷ׺һٸ壬رǿǵͣһЩţ峤ԸǣǴҲǮׯľǰء
Ҷ״Ҳ˽һЩԼڵʵһλ벽ʥûг֣ǰļλӦҲʵˣϧǺҲһЩ
ЩԼҵĳϺϾͺҶ׾ҶҲֻţǺһ֮ȴһ쵰ĹҲ˵һǲ㸸׷𣿡
һ棬е˶վǶǳԾĳ濴ȥŵ˸Ǹæܵſڣһӭˡ
ҶһҲ֪϶Լҵ峤ˣҪȻ˭˵˵ŶĶӣ峤˭
Ȼ˵ףôˣ
Ҷ׾һߵ˵ҲǲΪѾˡ
ŵøæ˵ϢŭϢŭ¾˸׵ԲҴŸס
˵Сӻ˵һҾһΣϽпλ͡
Ÿæǰ·Ҷ׾Ϳһλ׷ͯյ߳ǰһ֣ҶҲоһɺǿƣһλǿİ벽ʥߣʵѾܹȵˡ
ֲԼֵܼڣҶҲˣΪǰλߵʵȻǸ¡࣬ҪȻ¡ô᲻Լҵ鷳ҲΪɵλǿ߰ɡ
λ峤Ҷ׺ʱҲɫǳĳԾǷǳţûʣҶ׸æȥ˵Ҷͯǰ
߸æǷλǻǮׯӢ𣿡
ҶæЦȷģ̸Ӣۡ
ߺȻЦ벻˵ᣬǫ飬Ҫ黹ƲӢ۵Ļǻ˭ҳΪӢˣλСӢۿϷҪλСӢۺúõġ
ҶҲ£ŵˣվߵԱߣҶҲое㲻ʣ֪վûºãûе£
æ˵ϷԼҵ峤ˣЩһﶼϷλҪǿʲôֻ˵Ϸʰǵġ
ҶҲǸоеЦŵ˭Ͳһѣλ峤ǰǹԵСӣ峤Ҳĳ峤жˡ
Ҷæ峤ͼλ϶λǳĿҲܵ·ǳĸм
ǻеµӣϷ˵λǧΪ˶ԸԼҵģǰɣ
ҶҲæͷ˵ǣǹЦ벻ԼйˣλСӢ۵ԼԺԸǾͲ˵Ǳˡ
Ҷ峤˵Ҳо峤Ц֮жеΣҲѹ֣ҺǿԼҼֵҲͲˡ
λᣬʵ˵ãЩûϢĶﲻ֪Ҫǿˣ㿴ǣôˣǵʵ࣬ȴѾȥɳ춯صǾֻܶڼϷϺѽ
ޣҶ׶е㲻˼ˣ⻹ŵ˵ǰȻе㲻ʣæҲûôֻ˵취ѣⲻҲ峤ϣܺ峤һԸҡ
һᵽңϾķŭңϷ޲óǣǷ糾۹˳˹Ŀ֣ԴˣŪķ糾۹ԼҺƴô꣬ȴǲܽǸϳȥ෴ǵʵȴԽԽˣȥĻϳȥĿܾˡ
Ҷ׸æȰˣǻ⵽ӦģֻҪԸҲܽŪǼȮ
ãϷͰСֵĻӢ˵ĻǼ˰ɣԺСӢҪʲôǶҪǣκεΥĻϷԲˡǡ
Լҵһͷ˭ҵͷ㶼УִֵλСӢۣǸҽǼɡ
˵Ҷ׿һ»˵Լļ˵ҲûʲôϵֻҪܵġ
峤Ҷ˵ҲǷǳģҵļǱҸˣֻʣһˣҵļѾûʲô˵ˡ
һе޶СֵܣģԺԼһվһԸǣΪ㱨𡣡
Ҷ׵ͷֵλҵֵܣļҲͬһֱһԿңֻ˵̫ģԼһԿҡ
Ҷ˵ǵҶ˵ԼһҲһˣľݺݵĲһţҶ֪Ҳ˵ʲôװʲôû
ԭλĿϷҲΪѹԼңԺͽԼҵǵļҰɣϷҲúõйǣʲôѡæ
ҶæлֵСֵܲܽôջǮׯģҳϵıɲһģЩһһûĳϢ
ŵ˱˵Ҳֻǲ̧ͷҶ׾ͽǵĹϸ˵һ飬ȻԼϵһЩܣǾԲ˵ġ
Ҷ˵ʱ򣬶Ѿʱˣˣŵ˸۾߲գһ£Ҳ̼顣
ѽλʵ֮ϷͶˡǵĻҲͷҲûɡ
˸Ͳ˵ҲҶ׺ǳľ壬Ǿʱ洫һ󼱴ٵĽŲһǰˣ峤ҵſˡ
һŵ˵ɫҲЩˣȴһӴŭҵҲ̫̫ˣȻԼҴſڣϷҪ˭Ǹ
ҶҲû뵽һôŸæǰ˵ףԸǰɡ
ȴǰڰ˵ȥʲôãЩûиϷϷҪԳȥǡ
ҲסˣҶ׺ȴ֪ǲǸóȥǵԼȥĻԼҲ


ʮ Χ¥
ʱȴ˵λСӢۣϷһȥĸ쵰鷳
Ҷæ峤ҿǻǲҪĺãϳĻǻԼҸӵĲġ
˭֪ȴǹЦСֵܣ̫СԼˣԼһΪҶĻҲֵڣλԼҺǲ֮ǾͷĵĸҳȥϷҪ˵Ǿб¾ץ
ĻҶҲǸоһɺǿƣһλǿǿ߲Ż˵ĻԼҺҵȷˣа취ĻͶˣܵȵڡ
Ǿ͸峤һȥɣʲôµġʱҲվ˵
æЦλСֵ˵ĶѽСҶ߰ɡ
ʱҶҲòȥˣٲȥĻˣŮ˶ȲˣΪǿ
Ҷ׾ͺһ˳ȥ˳Ǳĳ¥֮ϣҶ׿¥ϷѾһֻڰ֮ͣ¡
ڳ¥棬ҵӣЩ˾ǴҵһǧӢҵƺʢԼҵͬǺãǧĵӳ˳ǱͶԷγ˶ţڳǱ滹м֣ʱ׼֡
¡ȣǵߵˣɫͲÿˣ񣬵ȻܿҶ¡ŭȻǲջǮׯ֣콫ֽĻҵƽԼҡ
ȴЦ¡Ҫ»ȵҾǲôȥ˵ڷ糾۹Ҳôôģбǡ
ĻǳзΪڻԼȻѾǰˣϾһӵ괫еļ壬Ȳ˵ԼʵʵΣԼѾύѣЩѼкļ壬һĿŵĶԼңǶҲһشѡǶǴ˭˵Ҳһֱ
һͬ¡߾ջǮׯˣ׷Ź¡ϾͺȵҪΪĲҶǣΪҲõ۹ֶңһֶң۹ܱ
ȴЦ¡ͲҪԼˣ㻹˼յҪһ˼ЩĻЩڷ糾۹ΪͲ˵õ˭֪糾۹ǱŪģ㻹˼˵Լĵ۹İΣǻ֮
¡ɫ˱䣬ȨףһĻҲòκεĺôʵ£Ҳһ벽ʥߣԼռţ뵽¡֣ҪвԼҡ
ţǻסģ˽ҵĳˣǻһӡ
бھͷϻϷšʾ
¡ôŭҲòǽתҶ˵Сӣ벻˸ԼɽӣԼҲ೤ʱĿɽˣҺܿͻᵴƽ㻹ǻ䵽Ϸ
Ҷ׻û˵ȴ˵ϼһ㲻ҪΪһֻС˲ˣСҰ
һ仰¡ӷϵķ޾ȻһֻС񣬿ǵ¡뵽Ƿֻסˣ˭˼ҵԼһһ㣬ܶࡣ
һǷϷģš¡һתͶ˵ҳˣɱ
ЩҵϾͳˣ¡뿪֮Ҷ׻е㵣ģϾһԼ¶ˣͶ˵峤֪϶ԼҲģǿܻɳǿĸ
ȴЦСֵĴʥǰ𣿡
ҶҲȷ뷨ԷɳĴʥߵĻԼҲûа취ֵˡ
ȴЦֻ֪ʥߣȴ֪Լͬʥߣǵʥ߲Լҵ˰ˣԼҵѡǲɳʥġ
Ҷ֮ҲǷǳĳԾֲ£ԭҲеƣæʵ֪峤λʥʲôˣ
ЦҲʲôˣҲ֪ԼҺһмǧĽˣǻǴԼҵʥֵ߳ʱڷ糾۹֮⣬һ۹ϵ۹۹֮һңһӴļ壬֮ӵʥ߼ǿߣǺԼǼǧĽ飬һʥ֣߳ǾͻǰǣȻˣǰ벽ʥߣһǲֵġ
ԭҶҲǵͷˣֵСֵܲõģúõԼҴţǻҪһԸҡ
ʹҶ׵˷˳ǱҶֺ˵һ֮󣬾ͺ뿪ˣԼѾ׼Ϻõķ䣬Ҷ׻ص֮ȴҲһˣҶæ㲻зôҪһ䣿
ȴһ˵˭Ҫһ䣬ֻһģ˯ʱȻȥ
ҶЦЦû˵ʵǽô죿
Ҷ׻ûãǾȡİ취ԸңЧá
һץɣҿɲôˣǿ϶ǿҶ˵
ҿɲһֱǱȻܺ棬Ҳһֱ档˵
ģ棬Ҳ̫ƽģֻһԼһٸΣˡҶ˵
ǰæˣҪȻȥɱǸǿߣ˾Ͳˡæ
ҶǮȴҡҡͷЦƾ𣿻ɱ¡ûᣬ¡ʵжǿѵ֪Һò״ѣҪȥ𣿡
СɱǸϼһ¡ߵǸܿ԰ɣǸʵֲǺǿǻкܶඥġݵ˵
˵ѵͲΣգҸֺܶ࣬һǱץסô죿ҿɾȲ㣬ҾҵˣδҲţʹſҲᵱʲô֪ˣҶ˵
ʲô鶼ɲɣˣǰ˵ˣԼŰɡ˵뿪˷䡣
һߣҶҲĻеܲܶɣɱ¡ɱźлġ
ֻڻһ᲻ԼҷҶ׵ĵеˣΪڶ죬糾۹ҵĵӶæһ飬ǾǱеĲҵǮׯ̺ڣΪǮׯǮׯͻ״˷糾۹˵ĿֻţǺн˶׷ҪҽͷĽףеҪԼͶʣеǶһԼĴŪƣڶԸ˼ԸԼҡ


ʮ 
ϢǹЦ泩ϾͷʾԼԸ߼չմ˳ĲҵһºܴһִӳʽͽԼңԼҵʵõ˺ܴ
̶̼ʱֱԼҵǮ볬ڳ⻹ЩԵͶʣ籾ͶҵˣҴϾ͵ʽͶԼԪˣԭʱһӾˮɣһǳصĴ
ʱʹĪˣЩʧĵ۹Ҳ˵еʧԼеһֱ֮бȽǿʵǾһγ֮ĵλ֮Ҳ˻䣬ĸϺֱӴ˵ʧʧжķȻǷǳ
Ҷ׸Ǻ֮ǣǳǬζˣǾǷǳѹǬʵǿϾ͵תʱסһεĽڳȵһγͻȫԸԼңץסҶס
Ҷ⼸ԼǺóԺúȣпյʱͺԼɽˮòڣԼҵҲܴ󣬺ܶĵҲǵģҶ棬ҶҲҵʱ֮оֱӽ״̬ǳɨˡ
Ź߰ӣҶ׾ʱҲˣǰȥ｣ģΪﲻò｣ϾϺĶӣҲɱԼʱ䣬ؼҶҲеоȳ｣԰ǻΪĵˣǻԼҲûеõܴĺôȶԸ˵
ҶڳǱסҲеĲˣ͸ˣҪȥҶ׾Ͷ˵˵ҽƽϢ˷ңºܿͻԼҵ鷳ˣǲһ
ϾӦҾ͵أ˵ôɣ
Ҷ׾͵ȥһԣܲץץĻˣô
ĻҪ̼ѽˣϾͶ֡˵˵
ҶͲжߣץжôѣ㻹ˣ
ˣأ˵ԭǸƭӣˣһһҪȥץǸĻԼȥˣˣҶ׽е
ȱҲ뷨˵ģ̿϶ǷǳΣգҲֻ˵һԶѣеĻ취
ŵͷʶ࣬˵ô죿
ҪȥץȻҪȥˣֻܺãǿºѻȥҵı¡ϵóǰİ취գǱҪİ취
ǾͽȻ֡˵
Ҷһ뺢һİ취Ҫжѣæҡͷ̫ˣôܻ϶¡¡ʱصıߡ
УʲôѵģһǮׯ¡Ǵ˳Ǹʱ߲ûа벽ʥˣ֡
һ仰ҶףһԴһð취ǵ¡ǽҲȻȥץǵʵӦú׻ȥֵʱҪˣȻЩΣգȴһ⡣
ǵȻҲ˭ġ˵ʵͲģ˵ġ
ֻһǲȥǮׯˣѾҵǮׯűˣȥףҪİ취Ū󶯾
ô鷳һǸҪ¡һֱҪץǣֻҪϾͻץǣȻٵͷȥˡ˵
취ǺеΣգ¡һô죿Ҷʵ
㲻Ҫҵķһ̾ͽˢȥˣ㻹𣿡
Ҷͷа취Ͱİ죬Ǿ취ȥ¡ȻȥԸ
ҿ²˳٣ϾжеȲˡ
ҶҲͬˣûдȥΪǳΣգҲͬ⣬ɴͲҲϰж
˾û֪ͨĵ뿪ԼңֻϷһֽ˵ǳȥһˣܿͻ
˳Լֱ֮Ӿǰĸۡ·ϣѾ¶٣Ѳߵҵӷǣ¡
Ҷ׺Ԥϣ¡һʱǰ׽ҶףҶҲߣԭأ¡ǰ
ΪҪ¡һǾǺױץûƬ֮¡ͳǵǰԼķޣҶϲǣ߻һλ벽ʥš
ãһΰǶˣҶæ˵ҲˣҪȻ˦ˡ
ȴ㼱ʲôǵҵǰҲûйϵ
¡ܿǵǰŸסǵ·кܶĵҶǰΧҪҶΧˮйͨˡ
Ҷе㵣ģȴһ㶼ģ¡û뵽һĸҳһο϶ǲˡ
Сӣ㵨ӻͦģϷΪһֱԼңû뵽ôͳˣһξͱˡ¡һ¶ҪץסҶס
ȴЦƾֻСҲվӣץǡ
¡ɫһȣͷҪڰ벽ʥ֮ѾǷǳˣǺķȾͲ̫ԶˣȷеԱ
ϷҲҪϷǺ棬õɲһļܹӵеġ¡һֱŪ顣
ҴŪģֲģб¾ץңҲȥ糾۹ϿշУǽץסҵĻˡ
ҶҲ΢΢һϾļƲߣֻ¡ѰǣǾͿԳûˡ
¡ȴǷǳĸˣֻҪǲȥԼлץסǣ¡ЦڶѲˡ
¡ȻҶǳ֣һֱӴշ£Ҷ׵ͷ˹¡רΪץסȥķвޣɲǲ׽һҰޣǲ׽޵ķǳһ޸޷ѣһЩ߼Ҳûа취
Ҷһֻ£ҲǷǳģæҪ֣Ѿеˣ̫ˣҶ׻ûüѾ䵽ǵͷϣѸٵľͽǲסˡ
ʲô⣬ôҶҲǷǳ𾪣ԽԽĸҲͬˣҲǱסˣһǿѡ
¡ϲϾʹЦСӣһο㻹ôӵõΧ


ʮ 
Ҷżˣıû취óҲҶ׸æʵûа취ѣ
ȴżӣڹ鿴Ĳʣ˵ֻ㲻ҪǾʹ߰ɡ
Ҷױ˵ǿЦãʲôʱˣ˵ĻæǶ챻ץסˣ㵹취ѽ
ȴ˵Ҫʲô취ܸ㶨˵һķƨɣеС߰ɡ
ôһ򵥵ĻҶ׾ͿǱķȻ͵ĳϰգϵǶȫʧЧˣ޴ĳȻſһǿƳܣӴֱӽ¡ķŵ˺һ̵ľͷɳ˰׿⣬ûнֻŵö¡ܡ
ʱķѾɵ֮ϣ¡ԶԶ˺棬ֻǵɴ˵۾¡ֵĽеѵһֻʥ߼ķ
ҶŷϾʧ¡ǰ¡æ׷ȥǷܿͲˣգʱҶ׺ȴѾһȫϻŲæԷ˵СɣŪ
Ҷ׾ȵʱǷȻ˫һſ;ҧס˲һǣֱӾͽԴһ˦ǵ롣
Ҷ׻ǰʵѾвֱԼɽ䣬Ҷ׿ŶЩۺ죬Ǻö
⸱Ͼ˵ɲҪʲô⣬Сģûйϵ
ҶҲ֪һǷãæʵôôûá
˵ǵȻ֪ҵķʲôȼʵʥ߼ֻûʵʵĹӵоԵʵǲһЩǻʾ߲벽ʥˣԷ߶ѣȻԽǵвˡ
ҶҲͷ벻ôϧûһƥ
ȴԺһ죬֤и߼ޣóΪҵСܡ
㲻ҪҴɣûҶҲһ
ôѵ㻹һȥҪǸҲһȥĻߺߣԺҲùв
㲻˵ҪѻȥôһȥҶЩŵʵ
ȴǵһۣռҵıˣҴһСܻȥʲôԵģൽʱûѣʱһҲѽƭЩϼһ˵
Ҷ׾͸ǽˣû飬Ҷæҡͷ㻹ǷŹҰɣҪǱǷˣǻ𣿡
Ҷ׿֪Ĵ壬ƣһӶĶ֣˵Щϼˣַɱ
ȴеСڣ˭۸㣬˵Ҳֻ˵˵ѣʵҲͲãͱϹˡ
ҶŷһЩֵãϼһȻû׷ȥˣɲС
ôҶʵ
ȻȥˣܾǡЦ
˵ͶԷ˵Сɣٻȥǹ
ĻವһʹҶ׺ˣ¡ܵô죬Ĵ㲻ȥ׷ˣǵǸոתҪߵʱȴ֮һϼһôͷˣҲ̫û˰ɣб׷ѽ
¡عͷһȻҶ׺ֻˣһֱЦˣ¡ҲһŭĴŷ޾ͳ˹ȥ
¡׷ˣæԷ˵Сɣˡ
һȴٶȣ¡һľ룬ܿԼ׷Լˣһ¡ߣƴĴŷޣϧ޵ȼûзߣֻά롣
Ƿһʱ֮ʱˣæԷ˵ˣˡ
˲伱ʧ¡һʧȥ˷ټһûзأǼǰ׷ϣƺţֻΪЦ
ʵϣҶֱȥˣܿ͵ϿգûαװҶһֱӱ¡ģӣҲʱ뿪ǣȴǵٻ
Ҷ֮Ա¡ģҪΪ¡ĵλǳߣһ˸ǼٵģҶ׺ֱſڣЩǳȣǿ¡ģ˭˵Ϻá
ҶͷҲһ¾ʹֱӽסҵΪĵطҶֻܳǰȥĸط࣬ס
ȻǰһǳݻĹԢɭϣſ̴ʱźҶ֪ĸۡͺȥ
һֱſڣŸæȥ˵ˣȥ
õĿ϶Ҷ׾֪ڼˣæˣԼȥɡ
ҲΥæÿ·Ҷ׾˳Ľ˷䡣ֱһڷϱĿҶ׾ȷ
ʱҲоǰ۾һǴ¡ʮֿ˵ϣôͻˣץ𣿡
ԭһֱڵ¡ϢҶȥ˵ϷǻģСֱˡ
Ҳһʧ˵ϲûģǻᱻץϻȥúϢɡ
Ҷ״Ů˲ܻȥҪȴȻһ˿ɻɻ˲ͱ˻ɣΪ¡ϾȻûǰ벽ʥǿϢ¡ûй顣
һ뵽Ҷ׻仯ģʱ󾪣ڴʱҶ׿ɫı仯֪ԼѾ¶ϾͶ˵֡
Ҷ׺·ɱǶûΪҪ׽֮ǰҶѾ̽ʵ벽ʥֻһ֮ңֵĻкܴİճɹ
ҶʹԼͨƣֱӳؿȥ֪϶зףһƾԲҪǻȴʹԼľеѨֵַѨַǳһǾһ
ǾͬʱȻҲ˷ϺǿĶӣҲȡֱӳҶ׶ĵѨȻ˲ƶ壬ƶֻܶ࣬ǽλһӾĵѨʧȥ˷λ
Ҷ׵ĶƣȻҶ׸˳ȥ˫˼˸൱ҶҲòʵˣȻܽסͨơ
ĵѨҲΪʧȥѨλʧЧϾҪµĹȴѾʹ˱ҳед̿͡


ʮ Լ
һҶǵȻʧȥˣһûǾûлˣҶ׸æ˵ǳ
ȴûдӦ˵ţץ
ȻȡһⶫһʱҶ׶һǲ¡Ĳ
ͬȲѣͬʱһĿֻţΪ֪Ⲷ޶ץסҪ˵ˡ
һܣǺܿͱסˣǷǳϤĽ𣬶Ȼһţ֮ضûС
㲻СӣҼĻ̫ԶˡЦ
ҶҲҶʣæ˵ǿߡ
ʱѾ˽ûпȴϺһ̴ˣ̴ӵﻹһǲ֪ô£Ҷȴһɳ죬ݶ˰֮С
ֻĴһ¿ڣǷ˲ǵǰ֮ʧڿУЩҵӻѰ䡣
͵Ϯ̷ǳĶݣȴǷǳۣҶױΪһ͵Ϯʧ֣ΪѾûһʱò£ΧѾ˽ȥֻߡ
û뵽Ȼֱӽ˽ӣ쳣˳Ҷ׵
Ҷڰ֮оʵոô뵽ģôã
ȴм˵ʲôõģҼﻹһǿȼʮҵˣֻһûóСȻֵˣץһǻʾļһץҪ׶ˣڼץġ
Ҷ׾ûʲôɵˣ˼ڼץ޵ģץǻ׵飬ϾǰԼң֮󣬻ʱ֣ԼҵѾڼĴˡ
ȵԼңһϢϾͳˣҶ׺ʱæǰ˵λȥˣϷȥѰǡ
æүӲҪˣǾǳȥ˳һɻ
ͽһӣȻʲôæʵλȥ˵ɶʲôУǾܸ˵ǡ
ȴҡҡͷ϶ûС
е㲻ţæڷ糾۹ԼûеĶϷҪúÿ
ͽ򿪣ͼŹ˳ȥոһ׼ȷĵѨֱʱʧȥж
ַһӵеģҲеɵˣ˵ʱ͸ɵˡ
⡭ⲻ𣿡ȵ˵
ΧЩԼҵһҲĿɿڴǵȻϵֻεʱ˭뵽ᱻ˸ץ
үֻٰڳǵķ²Ц
һɫϾϲЦտЦСӣҲн죬ЩԼҴѹԼҲ˲ٵĿͷû뵽Ȼǵķ²ˣǴѽ
Ҷæ֪ץסˣ᲻ԼʲôΣգеĻǻǽ߰ɣżŶ鷳
ȴæסôУò䵽ôˣǲҪģҺԼѾǲĳˣֻԼһֱǴƣںˣСӵǵķ²ԼҲһڶˣ˵ǲǣ
ΧԼҵһ˷ܲѣǣͬʱ˵λģһĿܶ࣬ϷҲͷ
ȷео˼飬رǶԼңҶæҲûʲôҪǶ˳ץס֪үô
ЦС۸ԼҼʮ꣬һοɲ׷ŹҪʰˣҪƣҲб¾ˣϷ򲻹ͲʲôӢۺú̧Ҳ١
Ҷ׺ҲЦˣ֪Ҳƣ֪²֮󣬿϶ӪȵģʱƱһս
үӣһץһǿǰԼңүûҶ׻Щġ
˭֪ȴЦʲôҪɳźãǲСӵĸϺϷҲ£һʥϷҲѣһֹһб¾
ҲæȻүӲ£ǸɴһݣСΪҪЮҪǹԹԵĽԼȥĲҵ˳糾۹
ЦСֵܺЩѽǲ׵˳ȥģǾ㶪СҲδԸ˳糾۹ҿɲֿظģֻسɰܣСӱץסˣҲѾǲ£ǲмһˣϺȣϷ򿴣˻ԼҵĲҵǲˣ̸
ҶҲǵͷү˵ĲǲóôһģвҲδЧҲһ㲻еǣҸȨû侮ʯĻᣬһҲˣٻͻٺˡ
Ҷ׶Ƕҷǳ˽ˣ֪һȡʲôжڴʱϾʹľ֮Ҷæҵˡ
ЦϷȵľǣȽСӴȥٵĵģǻἱʲôӡ
ԿѺȻͶҶ˵λûȤϷһȥҡ
Ҷæͷ¾ͺүһȥǼʲôˡ
Ҷǵϳ¥֮ǾͿ¡ڰ֮Ǳ֣棬һƬͷһǧˣЩеľӢǽԼҳǱΧסҪսһˡ
¡һҶף۶ðˣ챻Ҷˣת֪ôµʱ򣬾ʹܵϢһشϢΪİȫһֱĹܣεȻˡ
¡ֻϾ;ȳһжҶƵģҶ׵ʱȥߣ¡òһԼĺ·
СӣǾȻץ콫ĻϷҪǵ¡
ҶôĻֻ˵ˣ϶ҪӵļſһҽУôˣŪˣϢҪȥĻϼһҲҪˣҿ϶Ź㡣
˵¡ʹˣĵľ׷ˣһ˵¡ƴ
ϼһЭǶ˰ԼǵɣһƽԼҵġ¡ŭȵ


ʮ սǱ
ȴСҪµĻȵ㻹ǹԹԵĻȥɣƾ㣬ռˣһԣϷ棬˵Σˡ
¡ʱͽϾͽеϼһҶһëɱ㡣
ⲻǷϻɱңֻû£ҲûУǻȥϺɣ㻹Լҡŵ˵
¡µľȥϺˣôϺ轻ıߣȴ˰ˣ¡㵨ٴҲȥϺ衣
ϼһ콻ھͷ¡ҲˣϣҲ˲ôˣҪӣĻ治ý
Ϸ㣬ɣһ˻ǸԱǸһѽϷûκȴ£ʵ¡ؼѽ˭Ϻ¡
¡û·ˣеϣƽԼҡ
ǧҵϾͳԼҳǱԼȴҲ׼ǻûпǱʱ򣬳ǧţһʱҵǲҽƬ̹ϰˣԼȴ̩ɽơ
ԼҵĳǱǿΪ˷нģǧʱ䣬ûб˹ݣҪ򲻵Ҳᷢ͹
¡ȻԼĵʧأûͣҪȳĻ군ˡ
Ϸһս¡ǳ嵽˳ǱϷз̶Ҷ˵λ£Ϸúý
ҶҲ֪¡ȥ¡ʵҪץҶ׵ģһ뿪Ͼ͵ͷҶ
϶ҵǰץˣ㻹񡣡Ͼסȥ·һֱ塣
ǰ¡Ҳò̽з弱ٺˣҴһƣ˫ڰ֮жԽӣͬճһըܵΧռŤ
ǿĶƣҶ׿ҲǼʶǿߣ⻹ֻǰ벽ʥߣʥ߼𣬿¸ӵĿˡ
ҺԼûк¡ӲӲѽ뵽Լ¡ǰսǷʱ¡սŸոտʼ
¡ϾʹԼһ챦׼ıһʱ䣬䣬Χ֮ڶܸܵһǿĽ
챦γһɱķƣȻ¡챦ױֻ챦ƷѾǳľˣҶٿԼ˱ϼһıֲ˺ܶˡ
ҪϼһıҵľͺˣôûŪҶ૵˵
ȴһм˵ⲻһеӵıѣ챦ƷҼ಻ʤǵˣģҪĻԺʮҲС
ҶҲεЦЦ֪ǮбûѽҪܰŪһҾѾмˡ
ȴһ۵ǴӼܳģô⣬ҪԼȥȥ
Ҷ׸ɴͲ˵ˣûʲôýʱͬҲȡԼȼȻǱ¡ĸӸ߼һ
ʹһԲ䵶ѱͨƣ¡ıȫͬŷƾȻ¡ıѹȥǽɫ𣬾һ֮鱦֣Χеˡ
ѱ㣬챦ƷɣֻҲƷ֮ģǱҪǿϺܶࡣо˵
Ҷ׸оеһ챦׵ķԼ鱦ǵףеоѹ뵽Լʵˣܵõ鱦ѾǺ˲ˡ
Ҫ֪Լʷóһ챦׵ķҲʲôϡ飬ʱ¡ҲǷǳıһ㣬˵ֱɱ˹
ɽ뷢¡ıڿһ˲ڿбһĳֱӾͳɱֱ߹ڿ߮ͬĻ
ʲôɽƨҲɽ𣿡Ʋϵ˵
ҶҲûٸ˵Ϊ֪Լ˵˿϶Ҳᱻӣ˼˼ҵʱѽ˭ҡ
ɽʽҲʹԼĳһƯɱֱӳǱǰȥǾڱµʱ򣬱ĽȻƵһת߮󣬿ҶҲ֪ǰ벽ʥ߲ʩչԹǵĹӵһԣԶ仯ʽ
¡ıͬΧѸ˦һķǱֻҪضᱻնס
¡ٱ䣬һ³ֱӻΪһɽ곯ףȫĽҲܣ֣ȴˢһǿҵͷȻӭǽȥֱҪ¡塣
Ľĵ֮ϣϾͻΪˣûκεãıȴ¡壬¡Ҳ޷סæ˺󣬽ʱʧ
ȴûзŹһ磬˺˰գֱ˵Ҳͬʱ¡ųֵǵ¡ıһ쳣Ĺâе˶޷ֱӡ
ٴ˫۵ʱ¡Ѿ˳ս򣬶ҲصԼĳ¥˫ѷѽ⣬ֻԼ֪˭Ӯ˭ˡ
¡ոսסһѾмȻѾǻˣĽ޷ܣֻΪııƾʵӦ൱
ԼսܣȻû̫صƣȴ֪һεսʲôҵѾ٣ȥҲȫǴƣ¡ֻǶºȵֹͣ
ʵҵĵ͵ȴԼûκεģԼҳǱǲ֪˶ٴˣÿһζûеõʲôõĽ¡еϾ˺ֱԼҵĹ޷ﵽľ롣
ص¥˺󣬾Цϼһ֪Ϸ˰ɣ㻹ϷǰţԹԵĸʧɡ
¡ȻﲻѾҲûа취¡˵ƥţϷֻǱϲˣгǱΪϷǿǿҿԼһܱס
ȴЦ㵹ǿȥѽϷȵҪǲͷĻ˵ʲôģ鷳ˡ
¡Ȼ˼в¡ȵҪǸһëĻǲŹģһ㡣
ҵȻףҪϷ׵ĻϷҾӲϷֻиģǲŻ֪Ϸȥˣ˵ҪСĻ͹ԹԵĽԼȥĲҵһһ嶼ͻĻϷͲˡȵ


ʮ Ϻ
¡ɫˣвңҲ򲻹˵Ҳ˵ֻǻȥˣһܻܲ˵ˣ˻֪δ
¡ŭϼһţһȥζֵģ͵ʰɡ
¡ҲֻӲˣ˵æˣҵ뿪˳Ǳ뿪ԼҶ˵λСֵܣϷıֻɣ
ҶͷүӵʵˣͶˡ
ȴҡҡͷЦʲôСֵܵϷͣϷ֪Ҫǿٱˡ
Ҷ׻ǫǫ飬ȴү仰ʵҲҪûôˡ
ҶεĿ˿ˣвŮæЦλ֮ȻǳˣȻȥɣСǸʲôϷ򻹴ûĸ˵˵ء
ҶҲ֪үһ֮ˣȻȥϷŪϷŪүӻֱ֮ӽʱѾΪûκεķ۾ֱֱĿҶ׺Ȼ޵ľˡ
СʲôŲһɱ㡣ȵ
ɱңԼҲʲô³ӦñҸȻץȴûһĻţһͷ
ΣϷɱҲһ֮䣬òҪϷΪ˱Ҳһɱ㣬ֻҪõĺôɱ̫ˡ˵
ף̴ˣҴûкͶ׵ĴͳҲ׵ģġ治ɫ
벻СӻͦӲģûйϵҲҵ̬ȣǲҲãҾֱɱ㣬ҲΪԼҵֵܱˣҵȻҲԸ⣬ǹԹԵĽԼҵĲҵûʲôԿġЦ
ɫȴѿˣȵϼһ÷ңȻͳףгرɱңȻԼңҡ
ԭҲֻӲѽǾˣڵңҵɱҲ٣ҵҪ㵽ûֵӳ㡣
ҸˣԼҾˡŵĽе
ȴһӺȵΪ㸸ϷҲкʥߣ㸸׸ҵĺȻʱ˭군˻֪
ЩйˣҲУĸܣֻܽĿ⿴Ҷ׺Ǻ޺޵˵ţҳȥ֮Ҳ飬ר׷ɱôӵĺǣҶҪɱǡ
񶾵ĻҶҲûΪĳԶԶʵھɱֻɱ̫ˡ
ӲֻžžžĶȵͷתڵѾûʵ֮¶֣Ȼûأһ´ҡͷԣιȥ
СֵܴĺѽҪʰȻĻΪֻԼҵķ²Ц
˼ݣҲĸ֣ûʵͨҲûʲôŽȥҶæȥ˵үӣҿǻҪҵĹϺĻҪ׼
ͷȻ뵽ˣⲻѾȥҵѣ֮Ѿͻǰ
ҶҲˣϾϺĻûʥڸ޷ֵ
һҶ׵ĵеˣҲûгϺû֮˳ԼҵĲҵϢϲ⣬ҲˣǷǼѺ
֮¡һǱһģΪԼҵԼֻҪ˳ԼҲҵԼҾͱˡ
¡Ҳû뵽Ϻľһ룬Լң»ǣܴ棬Ҹ߲ĲϺҲȲѡ
ֻ¡ܲܽӵǻҪ뷨ˣ֪¡ǰʱ򣬲ûзǶ¡˵ҪɡӦҲҪ
һ¡Ȼŭ޲ȥɱϧҲ֪ԼʵǿԼҵľ¡Ϻ㱨Ϻδ
֮ڱŭˣϺٷ糾۹ʱ˷糾۹һĿֻţ֪Ϣ֮Լȫʥǰ
Ϻ˷糾۹ˣȴû̹Լңǳ⣬ҹԼҳ˴̿͡
ڰҹʱ֣ѺηԼλϿأֱԿԲţǿʵӦ˵൱˵ã¡ˣҲѴǵܿ콫ߣֻҪסһᣬԼҴͻϵ
ҹ˲ûл˯ǷǳѣΪ˶ڳʱһ߿һǵĸ֪ʱǿԲʲôӰ죬ǵ֮ʱȻоһһطʲôסˣǵ޷
˾ֲѵʱһӰܳ˾ʧ룬ȴȻվվֻӰ˵ץСΪСɡ
˵һƬ˶ʱûһķӦԼϣʵǻʾ۷壬ֻҪһͿ̤벽ʥߣȴɱ
ӰηڵϵҲȴһľϲ˷ܵĽеףǸ𣿡
Ӱȴ۵ҲҸףץ˷²ҪԴûӡ
Ϻ裬ֻ棬ģʵȴѾ¶ˣɱԼǿߣһܹ
ףǺãܸγͷûκε뷨ֻϣԼң븸״ҳȥɸ״
Ϻ˵㻹еҵӵĹ˵պӰһֻ֣һѹƵΪϾͻָˡ
ھ͸һȥɡϺ˵
æϺߣ˷Լңʧҹ֮С
ߣԼλϱɱϢĶУΣֱηԼλϵʬ֮Ҳεҡҡͷû뵽ϺȻҲԳϷǴˡ
ԱߵҶҲλϵӣǸûκεķӦ̧ͷѾɱʵһǿߣġ
һ˵֪ϺԳˣҲǳ𾪣һʥߣȻҲ͵ϮԼңϺҲǱƵûа취ų²ˡ
еѹԼΪƣвңû뵽ȻԼʧ˼λϣⲻҪĽ


ʮ ʥ߽
ҶæϺǰӪ᲻ṥԼң
ҲȷˣĻԿ϶ϺǲģˣϺԳǾ˵ˡ
ԺҪӽˣǲưոݵģλҲҪȥˣ϶ʱλ٣һǳȥĻǻץġ˵
Ҷ׵ͷ˰λ֮󣬶ǷǳѹĻȥˣҶ׺ҲֻܷԼסһ·ҶҲû˵ʵһˣô죿
ҶεҲֻʱˣ϶ǵǳȥأû˵Ҫǳȥˣĵһ¾ץǡ
ĵ֪Ӧɱ̫ˡ
Ҷ׺γòץˣһһǿĶϺ裬ǾԲֵܵġ
һξԼҶΣˣ뵽Ҷ׾͵һҪԼˣǱϺ蹥ƣϺʵ̫ǿǾҲûʲôô
ҲϧҼ˲ĻЩһӾͱɱˣʲô
ҶҲֻܿЦһ˷סҲһԻȥ˯ˡ
ֻǻûʱ򣬾һĻ֮ԼҵľȻԼұ˹Ҷ׸æ𴲣û뵽Ѹ٣¥ʱͿԼٴαΧסڰ֮У¡ţǵм仹һλӣŻƽЩҶ׶оʲôоӾȻնûκε
Ҷ׵ʱǴһûмһܹնһڰ֮Уվƽһ㣬Ȼʱڰ֮ͣ٣ҲǿŹԺʵݵͣǶԷȴһڰ֮С
ʵ벽ʥҲҪȻ¡ҲҪˣѵϺ衣
Ϻӿ˶٣ҲΪʵǿҲӵᣬҶھ̾ʵ֮ҲԼҷǳˡ
һϺԳɼҶһε¼ǶôӣʱҲ¥Ϻ֮ҲǺ𾪣ҲһμϺ衣
ԼСץҶǾ͵űϷɡϺӭŭʥߵ¶ɡ
һεȷǱסˣʥߵǿȵģ֮ǺȵϺ裬벻һʥߣȻҲ͵飬ǱԼң㻹˼
ϺҲЩŭΪĴʥ֮һҪȲҲ飬ҪǻˣĶӣһʥ߻ȥ
ϺȻŭɫǷǳƽЦԸˣϷѡķʽҲûʲôףϷ֤һ£ϷĽԼҴӷ糾۹
ϺƣҲЩûеΪ˾ȻûеæٴѯԱߵţﳤûе
˵ﳤʥߣŻҡҡͷףﳤϻûϢѾȥˣϣܼʱϵ
ǳģʱ򣬸ĵ鷢ˣϺȻ˵ǲڵǸҵʥߣ
֮ɫˣû뵽ϺȻ֪æôһʥԼңҾͲ𣿡
˭֪ϺȴЦǵȻ룬ֻҪĵֻһﳤϿѾˡ
ŵ˸Ǵһʲô˼ѵﳤϳʲô⡣
Ϻ裬⻰ʲô˼лֱ˵æʵ
Ϻ΢΢Ц˵ﳤϲΪϷѾȥˣȻԼǾٺõѣԼ⣬ϷֻȥһԼ顣
ϺĻϾˣϺѾǰҶˣȻ֪ôģǿԿ϶ﳤûʱˣ뵽ﶼһʧǾΪһûʵԸϺ衣
ĲϺѾǰ˲֪Լһǰȥңǰ˶Χֻ𹥶ѣһҵʥ߸ǰԼңϺʱĸػ
ҶҲϺĻʶˣԼҿѱˣ뵽ԼΣմԼңҶ׸оԼҪֿϺ衣
ֻʵϺǰͲֵһˣϺ軹Ŀ˿Ҷ׾ߣϺͿˣϺҶ˵ǸҶܵ˰ɣ
Ҷ׼Ϻ趢Լͺԥ˵ôҲץӣһǮׯһǬĸۡɱҵĳϣô
ϺĻûͷţȷѵõţҪҶĴ츳ҲˣСӣôϷҲô˵｣£Ҳҵˣܹ˳ҵĻұ֤ƽƣҼĶӣԸ𣿡
Ҷ뵽Ϻ׳һڱֱջҶףһ˵ܽҵõѾǷǳѵõĻˣϺ׿˵ܽڼ֮ϣԿϺҶ׵ˡ
ҲǷ׷Ҷ׿ȥǿҶпܳѱ䣬ΪԷջʮ㣬Ҷȴ붼ûȰ㻹ǲҪ˼ˣҸ˵ˣҺвĳޣһ˳𣿱˵ǳ㼸ӣ㽫λø磬ҲӦ
ҶֱӵĻؾҲȲʣϺеҲסˣЦСӣҿһ˲ţԲɱ㣬Ȼ飬ǾͲҪϷ򲻿ˣ첻ԼҪҲ뿪ˡ
ҶЦҲû뿪ȻΣҸԼҴģȻҪԼսһԼҪûˣҲȥ
Ҷ׵ĻԼҵ˶һĸжҶҪԼҹˣ˵СֵܣϷûп㣬һ֮ˣԼҲԲ㱻Ϻץס
Ȼ˵ҶףĽģƾϺһ˾ͿԼеĸ֡
ϺȻǾûʲô˵ˣǶ뿪ˡϺֻǻӻ֣¡˹
һбǵȫ˷ףһķףЩ׶һѵЧԼҵĹȻһʱųڶƺͿ׵ı֮£ЩûκεôܿѾ˳Ǳ֮¡


ʮһ ʵıƴ
棬ͬѾսϺ֣¡Ϻ軹ûд֣뿴ʵΪԼֻʱ
¡ȻϣԼǰúõıˣһԼʧֲһصϺ͸һ߼ϺҲӦһ챦Ʒѱ¡սͺѾǲˡ
ټϺں¡ȡʤľľ͸ˣһҪϺǰԺϺǰܹ档
¡嵽ǰñָͽеСҳһԼãռҵһˣϷҪֻҪֻأϷ컹Ҫɱ㣬Ϊܵ豨𡣡
ȻҪӦսȴûһôɣΪ֪նɱ¡ϺӵĿ£ͲǶ֣һ벽ʥߺһʥ֮Ĳʵ̫ˣ޷ȡ
ΪԼңѾȥˣ֣¡Ķȵ°ܽʲôýлģϷҵ°һΡ
¡ϺǰȻ޷Ļ˵ӽʹ̣һзϼ죬ǹĽϮȫһ籩¡һεıȷһҪǿܶ࣬ƸʤҲ΢΢ԾæʹԿ⻮գͬ紩ʮգγһǽϳȥ
һʱͿճһַǳƯľǹ棬Сһ㣬˫ûк˵˼һʱڰ֮γ˶š
ȫʵıƴˣʱ˭ȺˣܴصĺҲ˵˫ʵȷ൱û˭˭ǿһЩټ˫ȼ൱Žѷָ¡
Ƭ֮󣬿еǿγ޷ͻƵ״̬˫ھ֧ţ˭ֵܼ˭Ӯҡ
ҶҲǿľǿߵĶԿģռǧ֮ڵʵ֣һǻʾ۷֣Ҳֻγɼʮ׵Ҳǰ׵ֻа벽ʥ߲ܴﵽϣǿܴﵽǧף˵ڰ벽ʥ߾Ѿﵽ۷״̬
Ϻ迴¡ս£Ҳ΢΢ҡͷ벻İ벽ʥʵҲǲ
Ҷ׵˾͸ǵˣҪ˵ĻǾ͸ûʲôɽˣȫԸҶæ˵㿴˭ܹȡʤ
ΪҶ֪ƣȻʵûдﵽָ߶ȣǼʶĶ࣬ȻЩס
Ȼ˵ҿǴҹҲֳʤֻҪ˲ֵĻǺѷֳʤġ
ҶҲǵͷ˵еھϺˣҪϵĻүӾͱˡ
ǻҪ˵ϺȴϣΪϵĻҲ¡£һʥ߻ȥ͵Ϯ𣿡
Ҷ׺ͬĻλҪѽҶ׾ʵûʲôõİ취Ըʥߣ
ȴһ۵ΪʥôöԸģҶûͻư벽ʥߣôȥԸʥߣ
Ҷױ˵ƿԣҲǣԼ̫ˣΪˣڴʱҵҲɱ˹ŴڶĳϵҲ˵ֿ˫ɱѽѷ֡
Ҷ׸æǰæǵʵֻҪ벽ʥߣûʲô֣սʱϺҲעҶɱǻʾֵʱϺҲͷȻţϧˣҵˡ
ս˫Աȣγ൱ƣ˭֪ǿ߻ûгֵ֣ĻսܿͻᷢתھҪϺʲôʱˡ
Ҷһսһ룬УҪ취ָæ𣺡ϼһʲô취ûУҪϲ
ʱ򿪿ڵϷҲûʲôð취Ϻʵʥ߼ҲǲˣҪԸɲһ׵飬Ϸڵ벽ʥ߻ܿ⣬Ǵﵽʥ߼ϷҲûа취
ҶһʧǾûİ취𣿡
ЦȻа취
Ҷһϲ˵ʲô취
ȴϾͳʱߣҪȻǶûлˡ
һ˵Ҷĺ޲ʲô⣬ҪҲ취ĻһҪ㣿
ȴû˵㲻ҪΪⲻʲôð취Ψһİ취ȵϺֵʱӶӲˡ
ҶҲǣʱߣȻǲԸ⣬ҪԼһսС
ˣҲߣߵĻҲ飬㱻ץҲˡҶ˵
ҲҡҡͷСӻͦģֻһҲ֪Ǻ»ǻ£ڿ뻹ǻˡ
ҶҲûк˵սǱҲɱһɱ˼ǻʾ֣ʱ֮г쳣ϺȻ˵¡°ɣʵûлˡ
¡һȻ֣Ҳ֪Լȷ˵ܻ֣ܾˣҪҲ׵飬ֻҪһͿˡ
Ϻ˵껰֮Ϻ˲Ƶ¡ߣֲֻһ˫мĵشǱɱѪȷĿռȻ˲ͣ٣¡ͳʱ˳ս
ҲоԼȻһǿϣ˰ףǸոǿƽһϺֲܻѡ
ʥ߾ʥߣֵܵģûдǼսϺȵҪϳˣһûкʥ߽֣һҪʥߵжǿ
Ϻȴ˵һϾ֪ġ
ȫԸֱӱһͬһϺ裬ǿĹ֪ΨһĻᣬȻҲ֪ǳãƴһ¡
ȫһʱϺȴһЦ𣿡ٴβڻ֣һ֮£һɾ޴˳ȥȴΪ£ΪǿֻһϺһӱѾʵʰģͬһɫĲʴڿз裬ֱӴһæܣʴͬһѾؿڣʱѪ浹ȥ
һ֮ڣܣ֪ΣҶ׿Ҳޱȣæĵص㣬Ҷ׾ͿѾɫʹ࣬ȻѾܵص˺Σ
үӣôˣҶ׵ĵʵ
ȴε̾벻ʥߵʵ֮ǿϷһˣСҶϿϺǲŹǵģǿܡ


ʮ ͷħ
Ҷһжүʱ򻹹ǵİΣҶæǲߵģһԼһս
ЦɵӣǺοء
Ҷ׸æ˵үӲҪ˵ˣúˣﱣ㡣
ϧʱʵҲûжôˣϺɵǵϷҶ˵Сӣ־ܰɣҿһŵķϣǲὫôġ
ҶϾͽеҪץǿûôףб¾ѽ
ҶҲǲʲôˣһʥ߽ȫĽѽ𿴵ҲҡҡͷҲûкܺõİ취ֻһһˡ
ҲҶ׵ߣӳͽеģ㲻ҪΪһʥ߾˲ˣҪǰһùԹԿͷϾ뿪ĻҴ½ʧ
ҲóСˣڴ½ǿļ壬ǰǾȻҪҲǷַӵ飬ڼ棬Ͳͬˡ
ϺҲĻ˵е㷢㶣˿һ۾ϳŮװϺЩɻһŮӣӵʵѵʲôˡ
ϺҲòʵǺˣ˵ĻͲЦ
ȵʲôΪʲôҪ㣬ҪٸҶԼҵĻܵصĳͷ
ڴʱ¡һֱϺǰ֣˵Ͼͳ˵ˣøǷϻСȥץ
һϺҲûΪȥԸǻʾСһ¡ְɣ¡ֱҶ׵˵ǰӽȵһǾҵϷϷһҿܣ
Ҷ׺֣ͬǵʵҲѴ¡һʱƬ̻ܹģܱס
;ѽΪ㲻ɡҶ׺ȵ
¡ֱӾɱȥһֽնˣҶ׺̷ֿҳ¡Ҷֱʹһµսʼ
ȫҶ״һֱӴ鱦һڰ֮УֵʱϺҲǴһû뵽Ҷ׾Ȼʩչǿжϣһָ߼жߣ֪
Ϻ迴ŵ⻹ǵһΣϺҶ׸ǸȤˣ΢΢һЦСϵܻ治٣Ҫȥѱˡ
ϺҶ׾һ츳ӵкܶܵţΪõĻҿ϶ǴŹʣܽڴ½һƬء
Ȼںǿ󣬿һĴ壬ҲֻǶˣǷǳģǻҪЩΪ֧ţȻҲҪܶĴۡ
Хֱϯ¡Ľһʱ¡ĽҲ޷ͻƽķı͸ǹ죬Ȼӵһʣֱ¡߼ٴ̹һ˲ͷʮ磬¡ʵǿͱмˡ
ϺҲͬǷǳĸȤˣʩչĽϺȻҲʲôһԾ飬ͲʮСһʩչĽȴãϺҲǸӵˡ
¡Ƭ̣ȻûСһǰռκαˣǳջ¡̷ֱ˵ͷͼٴηųĽ꣬һιĽȫͬҶҲ֪еæȫֿͬʱҲΧͷҲҪİȫ
ʩŰһʱܲ͸磬Ҷ׺ӵа벽ʥߵʵȫԼ߼ڵֵǱϾ̫Զֽ֮£ҶҲ˼ֵǣϾȻδˣ˵㻹ǹ˼Լɣ⽣˲ҡ
ҶϸϺʲôһ㣬Щ˲ͻΪޣҶҲǺܳԾҲǳĸˣܹԱҶҲæȫԼǿȻ¡Ҫһ֮Ҷ׺
˾ǳһѾ޴ɡڶܽϮɡȴҶ׺ȫƣǳء
Ҷ֧Ƭ̣ȴ¡ĽȴԽԽǿԽԽܼҲûжٰ취ˣֻǷųԼһŵƣͷϵĵֻˣһ͸⽣ֱϷ¡
¡Ҳû뵽ʱҶ׾ȻܹǿȴһΣյϢ¡ҲҴ⣬æĳһƣҪˣû뵽ԼȻֻ󲿷ֵƣǳϮ
¡æˣٷƣһ֮£ű⣬ȴ¡һͷ֪Լǰ벽ʥʵǾȻҶ׹Ǳ
ԾϺͬҲǷǳĳԾոһԿҶֶεĸ¡ʵ㣬ܾҪҶ͵Ϯˡ
ǱϾûе֣ҶһǵƵɱ֮۾ȻҲ޷ЧˣԷʵʵ̫ǿˣҶײʹһУǾһɱ޴ǶҲǾ޴ˣ㲻Ҫʮµʱ䡣
һʩչʱǲˣֻ֪Լʩչ֮յ˺صĴˣòײŻָҶıУʹǻ¡Ҳûа취ѣΪһǿĶϺ衣
ʦ취ѽֲ֧˶ˡҶˣʱҲֻʦܰˡ
˵ʹħ̣Ҳʲô⣬ֻҪó϶ͻᱻϺ趢ˣϻ𣿡
Ҷæô죿óбİ취𣿡
ҡҡͷ¡ǿɿģϧ㼴ʹ¡ζԸϺأΪʦҲûкõİ취ҽ㻹ǷųħħܴӦܻ¡Ҫ䵽Ϻˣܱ̺ã̵ĵȼߡ
ҶҲǣó㱦ѻ˶֣űȻ󣬿ǱСҪˣҶ׾ȡħħһͼһС˲ͱһ̨ƬƬ궼ǷɫĹâǽ䵽棬Ͼʧ١
ʲô¡ȵʱħȻһҫۣһҶ׵ͷĽȫɣħһֱ¡Ľŵס
¡оæ룬Ǿ̧֮ʱħȴ˲佫帲ǣ¡ƴĵֿǻͺǻһס塣


ʮ ļƷ
¡֪ħ˵ˣҶҲǵһμʶħǵһʩչħȴܹסһ벽ʥߣҶϲ⡣
ʦҵħôôȻϼһסˡҶ˷ܵ˵
ȴʲôֻǿħһƬħоžŰʮһƬ꣬㽫еĻ꿪Ļʥ۷弶ҲùԹԵͶ
ĻҶҲզ࣬ʥ۷嶼ܶԸıɲǸϺˡ
ڴʱϺɫҲһ䣬˫֮гϲ𾪣ϲҶϾȻıȻ֪ʲôȴܸܵħһƬˣħֻһʲô
ϺҲ֪ҶʵܷħһƬҺԼܹҶˣʵǿ󣬿޷ֿħˡ
Ϻ¡ԽԽѣɫЩã¡ǼˣƴķҪ⻨֮ѣʵһƬҲǲܣܻ֮£õķԽԽֻʹһУѹһȵֱӴڳǻ¡ȫ֮£ȻɶҲֻɶһ֣¡ҵæСǷ϶ֱ֮ӾܵϺߡ
սѽʵǱħˣոͱܣ¡һֵӣϺȴϲס¡ˣħ֪
СһϾȻ˵ııϷնˣҪʩչԸңҲǳԸܡ
ϺǳˣǶ֣Ƕŵ˳֣Ƕһ˳֣Ϻû顣
ֵ֣ħоϲ⣬õħʥ߼ܹЦȺˡ
Ҷ֪ϺħѾʩչһΣٴʩչҪһʱֻ֮ȽħԱߵħæôħˣϽóԸѽ
Ҷֻʵʵ˵ҵⱦҪһʱ֮ٴʩչڸ޷򿪡
û˵Уôô鷳£ʹҵı
Ҷ׻ûпʲôҵĵϵˣûм
Ҷ׸æ˺æųԼıͼһƤһշߣֺһͨҲǽɫԼףתһȦ֮ͶϺ˵ϼһҵı𣿡
Ϻ趨һı磬ͬΧôתһȦȻγһþòɢȥѵõģΪһڿ֮Ͼͻʧɢȴͬʵһ㣬ڰ֮
ϺҲǾ֣֮һ㣬ҲûŪһ۹һֻȼħͬһѵõıϺϲһԼˡ
˵ʱȴȻһָϾͳϺ˹ȥϺҲҴ⣬ʥСҲ˵ˣϺæ˫뷢һֱǱ֮ϡ
Ϻ뽫סӴԽ֮סǵոմ֮ʱǽȴȻͷһתһλ˹ϺҲһⱦͨ飬æַųסԷǶԷĶ㿪ԽԽ
ıϺֻʹԼı뽫ٵΪ֪жǿò÷
ʣâ¶֮ǰ¡ı֪Ҫǿ϶٣һ챦Ʒ磬ˣֻʱϺ軹Ը
աȴη壬Լ߾ͳϺϺ貢ûкˣǺȻһ֣ҪץסʵץסһӦǷǳ׵顣
ʵִˣһֱץסߵȴϣεסϺһʼ£ΪΪԼʵѣǵѵʱԼȻ޷ѣЩȣæǿѡ
ǽȻ屻סԽԽ޷һϺҲǷǳ𾪣ʥ߼ǿߣȻ˵ıסˡ
Ϻ˼ΣûнŭԶҲȫߣɫǷǳۣˮԿĳסϺ˶ܽһλʥסҲ˵ıжôǿ
ҶԱ߿ҲǷǳĵģҲﲻʲôæʱϺҲ޷ⱻסľһʥǿ˲һսΧŨһֿµĵزһǿǽ˻ɫ
Ҷ׺Ȼɫ԰ףһ˿ѪҶ״󾪣ʱǱϺѣҲòջأԼѾ۵޷ټս
ոסϺ賬һʱ䣬Ѿˣʱܹһʥֵ߳ĻϺͱˣϧʱûʥߵĳ֡
Ҷ׸æȥסҪµĵʵôˣ
Цû£ֻƴһЩѣҪϢһ²ˣҵҲܽס
ҶæֻҪû¾ˣİ취
ȴЦҶûа취㻹ʲô취һʵ̫ǿˣΪˡ
ѾĺܺˣҪǽһٵĻҲֻˡҶҲʲôֿˣΪֿ֪Ҳûʲôô
ʱҵĴҲռ˼ƣܶѾɱ˳¥֮ϣǱʱܱƣϺҶ׵ǰҶ׺˵Ƕ˵ıﶼǳǿֻϧǵʵܴﵽ벽ʥߣϷδõǣǻǹԹ־ܰɣϷ˵ǡ
Ϻ軹ץסҶ׺Ժܴ˵ϵõĲƸЩɶ޼֮ҶȴѾ˱ľģЦ־ܣˣֻһҲս
ùֻϧʵҲûãȻǲԸ־ܣϷԶˡ
Ϻ֣һֻεƳֱ֣ӳҶץֻƳףȫסϾҪץ
Ϻ˵ץסСһ׾ٵ飬Ǿ֮ʱպȻһŭȣĻˣȻ
ϺҲһæץҶ׵ˣΪ˵ʵǳǿǿ޷Ԥϡ


ʮ ʥ򾳴
˫ڰ֮ϺȫĳһƣԷͬƣһζƣ춯أǿҵĳǱ֮ϵȻֱӸ¥ǱҲвֳ̮ڵĵֱҶһƮ׿⡣
Ҷıסˣ̧ͷյʱճֵͬһֻ֣죬һӰٳ󷽷ȥһӰȴֱ䵽Ҷ׵ǰ
Ҷſ˵ģ첻ȴͷڷɫ˫ͬһϬҶ׶Ҷ׸оһɿµ
ֻɫѿĵĿæʵΣ
˵ָᵯһ˿壬ɫϾͺתֱҩЧ
ָٶԶҶĻҪ죬ϾʹҶ׵վһۣռıˡ
ôˣ˵
˹ЦΪ㣬Ϸǳ˲ٵĿͷѽ벻Ҫķ֣Ϸ򻹲֪Ҫҵʲôʱ򣿡
ҲǳһԼķսʱһֱڳǱ
ѵǷȥˣ˵
ͷȷǷǿΣգϾͷѶţʥ߼ʵźţǧ֮Ϸ֪ϷŸ
˵ҶҲһľȣǧľ붼֪ǱѽֻʲôˣĹϵͬѰ
˵æ˵壬潻ѣҶͯ
忴˿ҶףͷСᣬ츳һӡ
æҶͯҵ壬ҲҼ屲ƽʱڼҵİȫ
ҶæãӼ塣
λ壬Ȼ壬ȴҲǺǳףΪƽʱĸãרűİΣҪ֪ΨһڴˣİȫǳҪοɲһܹġ
ĸײǿ͵ʵǿ͵ҳϣͬҲǼҴҵ׾ڶ࣬ϵӣ;ĸصһλϵͬ
ҶȻЩѾܹܵλǿˣȥ̽ԷʵȥӲ˽⣬뿴ǸϺǸʲô³
ʱҲΪϺͻһӾֹͣ˹æʵ壬ոǸϼһﱻɱûУ
ҡҡͷֻǽˣûҪϱ׻һƻǲܻɱ
˵ɣҶȴ֣ôǿϺ裬ȻһƾͻˣһΪϱ׻Ŀûˡ
ǳĲ⣬æ壬ɱ̫ˡ
ͺǺЦȻ˼ϷȻӣѾΪ˴˵أϷȱİȫԺ˺ˡ
ŵͷǺðɣ죬壬һûдǲץһȥģ
ЦϷһҪҵڶҪȥ֪㻹ȥھȱİȫˣȥʱٴȥ
Ͼ͸˵ĽеҾ֪ˣҸףҪһȥҲҵˣҪżú棬ʱȻȥġ
ЦҪǲԸȥ廹ܰȥ𣿡æֶҶ˵ˣԺû˸۸ˣСˡ
ҶҲǸе˷ܣʵ̫ǿˣϺ趼Ķ֣ҿҲŸɡ
ʱȴ˵Сӣʵ˵ãѾﵽʥ򾳴ɣϺֻʥСɶѣҪܵĿ죬ˡ
ʥ򾳴ɣҶҲզֲ࣬һƾҪϺˣԭǿʵԼʵλǰǼֱСƨˡ
ʱԼҲеҵȫɱ˻ȥϺʱû֪ǷӦ˭ս֮زز
ԼϲأŵȴǾĲ˵֪һλǿߣһλǴûмǿߡ
ͶҶ˵СҶļĸ۹ôû˵
Ҷﻹʲôڣû˵˵壬ļ屻ҸˣҪΪ𡣡
Ҳ΢΢һɫʵǽ칥ļ𣿡
æǡ
͵ͷҪ㣬飬Ժ˵
е㲻壬ȥɱӦƬײҸһ𲻾ˡ
æЦһγֻҵ㣬岻룬ǼԹҲĻ¾͵ҲˣһʾС
Ҷ׼ЩΪѣæ˵ĵҵ黹Լɡ
æЦСҶĵҿҲڶҲΪˡ
Ҷæˡ
ʱҲ˹æ͹İݵлȣϷŵԱסԼҼҵ
Ͳû̫ˣ˵ֻڱҼھҲ˳飬ǲ̫ллˡ
Ҳó˼ҸûнǷȻⲢ˵ĿˣֻΪļ½̫̫࣬Ȼ̫⡣
ǿ˵ʵҵȻǾ֮ˣˣҲʵܵԼһĳܱм֮顣
ͻܾæ壬ôԶˣҲˣԼҺúϢһ°ɣҲٴ졣
Ļ;ЦȻԸȻҲҪˡ
Ҫ£ϲ⣬æ˵¹˺λ
ŵ˾ͼææȥ׼ˣһĿ˿ɷͬСɣ㲻Լʷǿһλˡ
Լңŵ׼˸ģЩȻԼҶǱȽеģͲʲôǺѡ
ܿԼҾͰŮ׼Ŀ֣ҲǷǳĶˣԼһңǼһ˵Ľˣһλõһλǿߵļ룬Ȼλǿ߲ǵģǱϾˣֵԼңԺҼԼҲҪˡ
˸Ǹ˵ĺϲ£ˣҲ˵һˣϺ趼룬ﲻ֪жʹˣ֮ϾǾ磬ԼȻҲʧ˲ǺʤȣǾͲˣҶ˷쳣ǧһף֮׵ʤҲǷǳ֡


ʮ ǿ
ҲܸоⳡʤԼжӰ죬ںĽ̸֮УҲ֪ԼҺҵĶԹȻҲķǳĹ֣ҲУ飬漰ҵ棬һǲֵģΪ½ÿ춼ݣҪܵĻҲܲˡ
ҲǴ½һ淨ǿ棬̭ȻЩпᣬϾˣҲӲľ
֮ϣҶһֱǹԹԵģɲ͵ǰֳʲôõӰ죬ǶҲǿͿʱӦˣڿıҪǵԼкӹ
ԼϲףʤʱĸۡϺ̱ϣĿ³ѪȻûа취һ£Ϻ뵽ͶƵһ˲䣬͸о쳣Ŀ£Ǹ˵ʵ̫ǿˡ
ʱֻоԼƱһǿֱӹᴩǹĸ첲Ѫ⣬ǹ裬ĸ첲˲ʧȥ˷ӦǹϾϯȫ׵̱ʱ͸ǿ֮⣬ĳǿⲿҲ͵ƷֱӻУܳܵļޣб׻Ҫˡ
뵽ϺһĺˮȻƴӳˣѾˣȫѣȻҲܵ˺˺ܴҪµʱָǸʱ䡣
Χȫҵĳϣ¡ŶԱߣǶǾֵĹϺǰһǺ棬˭֪Ϻܵص˺Ǻ£Ϊĸ׻᲻˽ɱˡ
ɶģɱǷǳ飬ֻڵϺѾûж˵ˣˣϺһֱһʱ֮ŻڵϵǣͿ˵ºܿҪܲȥˣһϺҲǶһˡ
һŵøǻĶ£˵¡æˣһһ⣬˭û뵽ðһǿߣʥǰҲһӡ
Ϻҡҡͷ˵һƫƫͱˣ˵ʵ֮ǿҵҵƲ⣬ʥ򾳴ɣǿʵϷûʲôݣ
µļ˶û˵ΪҲ֪ϺʵϷ˵֣˵ӦþˣǸҶСӦòǣзӦǣΪһܹӵУ֪ʲô𣿡
µļҡҡͷǶϢһ㶼ûУҲ֪
Ϻǳոͳһʹ֮ϺҲֻѹס˵Ͼȥ˵ĵϸҪ֪ʲô塣
æ˵ϾͰȥ飬һġ
ϺֵϷˣҪ˼µʱ䣬ʱڣǲܶԼҲȡκεжҪʲôϾʹӦҪӦҪǰǵĲҵ֪𣿡
һе㲻ˣĲҵҪԼңе㲻ƽ⣬˵ףҿǲȥǱ˰ɣǲҵѾǵˡ
˭֪ϺȴʹһƵТĶӣ㻹ҪϷ죬Ҫ㴳ĻϷصϷ˺֮ʰ㣬Լҵõλǿʵﵽʥ򾳴ɣ峤ΣҲͬһ㻹峤㱨𲻳ɣϾ͹ԹԵĽеĲҵҪԼʲôҪ󣬲ʲô㶼ҪӦҪ˳糾۹ҲҪԹ󡣡
˵ȻЩᣬҲûа취ֻո׵ĻȥʵϺȫΪ룬ԼҵĲҵԼҿ϶ҪλǿҪǳֵĻ˱ɣԼҲ޷ֵ
æһ׵ĻκεΥ
Ϻ轻֮󣬾˵ҪչˣҪǲǿߵݣϾǰһ㱨ϷҪ֪ʲôˡ
ͷϺǼѵ˵ҵһҪκεĴš
æȥţϺʵҲڴ˵أأȥǷǳˣȲѲˣҲһʱŪǸǿߵݡ
Ҷ׺ҲҶæԹԵܵԼķ䣬ѽһŮӣԼߵôĻܲ
Ҷ뿪֮Ȼͱʻˣķ΢ЦʵոλСӣʲôϵѽ
ʵϾͺæҺֻǺѽɲҪϹ룬ҺʲôûС
æǺЦȻǲʲôرĹϵҪסҵΨһ̳ߣһҪ˼ѽ
͸ˣæҲǸ˵ҺǺѣ˵ˣҾϲôѵһҪ޸Щĵ𣿡
Ҳ˵е޻˵ˣֻҡҡͷʵҲϣ޸Щ竵ӣֻĴҵҪ̳УҪúˣǸСҶȻ츳ʵҲҲܳΪһǿߣǺݻеģ峤ǲӦġ
ܺãǱôһ˵һӾͲˣϾͽƣҪϢˣȥˡ
屻˵ûа취ֻ뿪˷䣬˷֮󣬻ҡҡͷ̾˵Щ鲻ġ
һģҲ֪ΪʲôҶֻѹϵǾʱĽӴԼһĿԽԽıˣԽԽһ˼ļһرǽ죬һ˵ȻĪľͳһ뷨ѵԼĺҶʲôϵˡ
뵽æҡҡͷܣֻѶѣǱˡæѣԼǵʵʵ˯ԽԽ˯ţǳҶ׵ӰӣǸо֪ǺãŽҶ׵ӰӴԼԺˡ
ڶ죬Ҷټʱ򣬷ɫǺܺãæǰʣû˯𣿡
û뵽ֱӾûɫе˯û˯ùʲô顣
Ҷױ˵ҲԱߵֻ΢΢һЦû˵ΪԱߣҶȻҺǰ֣ǺСĵ˵ʲô
Ȼ˵Ҫȥ䡣
ҶҲȥæЦҲ뷨һȥɡ
ȴû˵ҪһȥҺһȥİɡ


ʮ Ӷŵļ
ҶһӾͱ˦ˣ֪Լôˣôʱûһˣ϶ЩĻҪ˵ԼԱȻͲ㣬æǺðɣҲȥˣĿĵ㡣
˭֪Ҷײѹûһ㣬ﲻˣԼһһûйϵˣһŮصġ
ƨѽǵ㹦Ҳûа취ڱָıˣȥҲǺõģ˻ܵʹ
Ҷ֪Ů˼ֻǹԹԸһȥ֣һ·ϣͷʱҶ׾ĳ˸ࡣ
ڷ糾۹⼸ȴ˺ܶ벻飬ڷ糾۹ռĵ̷׷óԼҵԼҵҲǷǳĳԾΪǸûҪϲЦտ֪һжΪλǿߵԵʡ
ȻˣԼҾûɲ£һʱڣԼҽҰռĲҵһЩͲԼҵĲҵԼ³Ϊ˷糾۹ļ塣
ȴԸΪһƳ̨ļ壬ֻǼ糾۹ѾϢģκν׶ܿԼңļ壬ȫһԵСܵĽɫ
һԼҲûȥҵ鷳ʵҲûǮ˼ǿԼͲԼҵģԼҶһǳֻǿܶһʱ䣬ˡ
Ǻܿ˱仯Ҷʱڣ֮⣬ѾûκεжҶײԸ⿴ģı֣߳ԺԼҲٺһ𣬶ҼʹԸ⣬Ҳôˡ
Ҷ׾ǣҲзֱʱ˵Ͳһˣ߸ϣֻһ˵ļкܶҪȥֻҪúõļ̳Ӵļҵǡ
죬Ҷķ䣬ںģҶױһ˵ʱʹ£ס
ǲңʵ
Ҷ׵ͷ͵˵ɣʲôϵǺʲô˵һ
Ҷױһ˵͸ǲܲ˵ˣæ뿪Ǳ
Ϣ֮ҲǷǳԾæʵΪʲôҪ뿪ﲻ𣿡
ҶҡҡͷҳΪģҪұڷ糾۹ѾϢģٺԼԣĿѾﵽˣȻҵĹͣĹͣҲܾͣ£һҪȥҸǿĶ֡
ҶѾȥ｣ˣϺˣõĻᣬȳ｣ҲԼİţ｣ҪΪ£｣ҵԸң｣ҪԸңҲûеڶѡˣѾʧȥҵĵλԼҪΪĸ׺⹫𣬾ͱҶ׵İš
һҪԭ｣˵ҶңһǿļָʹҪ嵽һ塣
ҶҪ뿪һӦǷԣҲȥǰԵ˵
Ҷæ²ҵ飬磬Ӧͬ磬Ҫֿ
Ҷ׵ĻȻоһѹҶ֮󽻵ĵһѣǷǳҪҶ׷֣ҶһҪ뿪˵ȥҲȥ
⻰Ͼ͵ķԣæ˵ҵϣɲܵˣһʱ֮㻹Ҫȥġ
ȴŵһȥͻȥҸĸˣû£湻ˣȻȥġ
͵ȻòҵôԼ뿪æҪ˼ɲģҪ峤ɩ֪ĻҲýˡ
ҶҲæһȥǳΣգһҲͰˣĻܻҲΣ֮С
ͲˣΪ׸һ㣿
ҶҲͲ˵ˣ֣Ϊѣһǻǵɡ
Ҷ˵Цǣ湻ȥҲ٣ھúõ漸졣
Ҷ׵ͷȴѾ˾
ڶ죬Ҷú磬ʰһЩԼĵ뿪Լңûоκһˣ֪ԼҪ뿪ֻǵ·
ʱԼҲֻҶûо뿪һ·Ѻ｣ĵ۹нΪԼİѾˣҪѰ
һа취ŪֻҪǮǷ޾ˣҶûоԼңȻûҪ·һƥǡ
һ·ҶߵҲڵʵмۣߵʱ֣ҶѾ뿪Լа֮ңˣͣΪ׷
ȵʱҲһµĳǳķҶ׾ȥƥĵط֮󣬲ŷͬ˸Ӷװ磬ǵҲһЩҩ̣̣УӶ㣬ҲӶŵĵط
ҶҲЩ棬ȥһ£мӶ飬ĴѰңʲôĿꡣ
Ҷ׾ֻԸ˳㿴ոûнСˣһӶ֮еӾͳ˹Ҷ׵ļЦֵܣûȤǵӶţ
Ҷײû˼κӶ֣ҡҡͷܱǸû˼ֻԷġ
Ӻ񲢲⣬Цҿһ˷糾ͣҲģһ磬һ߿ǷǳΣգӶţԼҲиչˣ֮ȥöƽ֣Բռıˣôǰɡ
ӷǳ飬ҶҲע⵽ʵǻʾɣʵӶ֮ҲǲˣֻҶ׵ʵ˵ǾͲʲôˡ
ӵĻȤΪ֣Ҷ׾ʵ֪ǲȥɽ𣿡
ӹЦȻˣҪȻǿʲôȥЩޣȡϵѪ⣬ǮСֵ֤֮ȱǮ
Ҷ׸æʵǲûץޣ
΢΢һ䣬ȻеεСֵܵĻʵеƵˣȻɽҲУҪץסǷǳѣֵܼʵޣֻץһЩͨ޶ѣǷ޻ûа취
Ҷ׿˿ļֵܣлиŮӣǳ޻ǵʵҲǻʾСɣӶһӦڷǳͨһ֡


ʮ һβ
ҶΪ˱ⲻҪ鷳ҲԼʵأǻʾڵʵҲһ㣬ӲſҶףҶ׵ʵߵĻҲǰ˵ˡ
Ҷ˵æץҪʲôʵ
ӾЦҲҪǻʾɵʵɣҪץõĶҪǻʾ۷ʵǼǿʵһֱûлץޡ
ҶĻҲһˣȻܹץҲһˣûнɽսҲǻ¡
ãҴӦ㣬ǵŶӡҶ׺Ȼı⣬ͬǣӷǳĸˣæЦСֵܹǣҷǳĸˣŶΪһսʧԱڵʵޣµܼǣŶӾֿ·ˡ
Ҷȴ˵ҿһҪӦˣҾͻ룬ӦĻҾˡ
æ֪СֵʲôܴӦһӦǡ
Ҷ׾͵ҲҪǵջֻҪɽ֮ޣץס֮ҪõޣܴӦ𣿡
һ㶣ϾЦСֵ㲻Ϊ˷ɽİɣȻ˵ûκε⣬һҪһ䣬ǷǳץģǼܰﲻʲôæ㻹Ҫ𣿡
Ҷ׺ܿ϶˵ûйϵǲðңֻҪз޵ĵطˣͽҺˣջһһҪ
ﻹЩɻѵץ޵ı죿
ҶæЦҵˣӦĻϾͼǡ
ʲôӦģȻ˵ģһĴȵãˣҽﳩһֻӶŵų֪Сֵôƺ
ҶæҶͯˡ
ԭҶֵܣҰһҵֵǡﳩͽҶ״Ӷǰﳩ֮⣬ӶһŮеͶʮңŮҲڶʮ꣬ǶǻʾڵʵӦŮӣϵװóӦǹ
˶ȻʲôõҲЩĿӶϲΪзҺ˳֣ԸĶΪʣһѽ޵Ƥ̲ơ
ﳩҶ׾һһλҵĶܣƳ磬λܣλĵܻʸλܻƷɣλûƷ
Ůӵ֣Ҷ뵽֪ûԼϣܲҪˡ
ﳩֶ⼸λܵλǸոմӦŶӵֵܣҽһ°ɡ
Ҷ׿ǰЩӶһҲǷǳǿóҲǾ˺ܶΣյսӵɱⲻʵֳģɱҪʵս֡
⼸λӶڿҶףǿҶֻһˣʵȴҲ޼Щ죬ΪҶᣬҲЩֹᣬܰŶ
ҶҲǵ֮жǿе˼͵ʲô֪Ǻܴ󷽵˵ҶͯһμŶӣλչˡ
гӶе㻰лֵܣӶſɲչ˵ģҪͬͬˣ㱧ǻչ˼Ȱ㻹˰ɡ
ﳩһϾͳЦֱܾڿ죬СҶҲҪ⡣
Ҷ׸ûΪ֪˵ʵΣյɽûܹñչˣæЦҲö˵еҲøλչҵģһǷġ
Ҷ˵⼸ӶҲһЩ϶˼ǽˣﳩûнҶ׺˵Լ˵Ϊ˳ԾֻŪֻҶ׼ǣɽΪϵǮҲԽԽˣǿ
ҲǶҶ׵ͷʾ˻ӭڴʱһǰȴһЦ֮һ˶ǾЦϺҪɽˣֵǣǿҪ׼ѽ
Ҷ׻ͷһͿǰҲһ֧Ӷţ֧ӶŵҪǶ࣬ʵǿмǻʾСɣȻûнʯ˷
Ƕ糤ϾͽеЦʲôЦһֵܾǺģǻǱġ
Ƿһ䣬һһյļһʵǻʾСɣȴǹЦСӣƾǣҲǱбھϣӷ㣬Ҫ˵ۡ
ҪȥǱסˣﳩæȵ㣺ܣҪǶǲǵĶ֡
ʵ˵ﳩǵȷǷ˵Ķ֣һܣΪӶŵͷﳩò뵽һ㡣
ǳȴе磬ѵǼֵܵĳͲ𣿡ﳩæ˵ǲֻʱδʵ׳֮ȥǱ𲻳١
ǳҲһ˦첲͵һȥˣĳԱҲһķŭóǺ֮ĳ޷ǳĴǷȴЦʶȤҪڸﶯ֣Ǿ㽫ǶɱˣҲ˵ʲôƣʶȤҪǱ±Ӱɣʵ͸ϲǡ
ﳩҲǺ޵Ҳûа취ֻܺȵɱֵܣʯǲ˵ģһһѪծѪ
˵ﳩͶԱ˵뿪
ﳩֶҶ˵ҶֵܣԺǵߵˣ߰ɣﲻʺǴȥ
Ҷ֪ﳩͷͻ͸뿪ˣ·ϣԱǷŭѣ޲ҪɱһҲǵʵ
Ҷ׾Щʵ磬ǺǽзӶôģС˵˵ɡ
ﳩ˵˵ѹѽӶŽлӶţǽз籩ӶţҲˣǵʵǺܶ࣬ƽʱǻǲȥǣһǳȥԣץһֻޣȴҪǿߣǵֵܵȻͬ⣬˫ʹսλֵܱ˺ޱߣҲΪƹضΣ˵Щͷ޲ɱ籩Ӷŵļһǵʵ̫ǿˣȥǱҲֻٴαǴܡ
Ҷ׵˵ͷ벻Ӷ֮սҲѪȣ췹ԶףҶ׼ﳩѹͰο粻õģһᱨģ˵ǲʱδ
ﳩȴǿЦֻοһǵģʵҲ֪Ҫ̸ףʲôʱʵǴﵽˣҲĸǿʱҲ֪ʲôʱܹ


ʮ Σյɽ
ҶæЦң֤ᵽģ˵
ﳩȴЦ벻ߵܰοѽϸģ컹ľͿԱˡ
Ҷ׼һЩæȥ
ﳩæȥҼҿջúϢϢҾʹɽҪ׼ɽǷǳΣյ飬ܻΣգⷽ׼𣿡
ҶȴЦôʣҪҼǣҪ⣬ǹİɡ
ﳩЦǴˣҲΪãһ£ˣʵ㻹ǿ˳ģҲ㡣
ҶæȻѾǣȻҪһˣ϶һɽ
ﳩ˵˵ǾͺãʵǰҲ˼ǺַˣԴһ£ֻҪ㲻£Ǿͻúõһͬս
Ҷ׵ͷһµĿջϾõϾϲˣӶӷǳΣգ˵ǹһһ죬ﳩȻǲԸԼԼʱͺóԺúȣ˵ʲôʱ͹ˡ
ջĵҲ֪ЩӶ飬ϵĶǺþƺòˣǴƣǴ̲ˣһмأЩӶһץӽԵǽζҶȻûôܵǵĸȾҲǴԴ
ԷȾ֮УҶҲЩӶǺܿϤ֪Щ˵鶼࣬νȺ֣ЩһˣǽãиֵܣҶҲǺǴĻȣܿͳ޻̸ֵܡ
ȻҶ׶ԼݻǽϾ˵ԼʵݣȻѾϢģĻҲ
һҶ׻֪ģ˵ӵеʵʵҪЩ֪ˣǾ͸ԼɽˣǱˡ
Ժ֮ʱﳩֵҲʼҶɽЩ飬Щڳѧ˵ǷǳıΪǶԼģҶҲţʱʱĵͷЩ˵Ĵ֮£ӶҲ˺ܴ˽⡣
ԺúȺãﳩǸԻطϢҶҲԼķ䣬ûϢǿʼΪҪһµսȻʵӦⲻ󣬿ǺҪҪúõһԼսʵ
ǻʾѾһʱˣڻһľֵͿͻƵǻʾ۷弶ܻɱһͷǻʾ۷ͼ޲֪ܴܲﵽֵȻͻǻʾɵʱɱһǻʾ۷弶ĸ־ͿԻðľֵΪʵˣɱһͬȼǿߣȴҲܵõԭľֵˣҪۿۣҲҪɱͷ޲ˡ
ôҲʵݾˣܻһЩЩҲʵĺöȻӦǷһҲϡ
ܿڶ͵ˣ峿ʱ֣ﳩҶ׵ķ䣬Ҷһǰɽһ·ߣڵһΰɽɽ缸۹׵ĸ߶ȣȻǲôߣΪԽɽ֮УԽǿֻΧһЩͨްˡ
ҲҶ׵һɽǳ˺棬ﳩĴ֮£ǷǳϤĳɽȥﳩѾɽ֪ٴˣ·ѾǳϤֻÿһ޶ԭޡ
ﳩֶҶ˵ߵܣɽųƼ˵ӵʥ򾳵ǿޣǿʥ򾳵ǿ߶ǶֵĽɫģֻɽвԣԵĶҲһڱ񾳼ޣǻʾǻǲ׳ԵģΪ޼ʹͬȼҲҪǿܶࡣ
Ҷ׶֪ʶ˽ģʱͱǿʱȻʵǿˣֻ񾳵޻Ҷ׵Ŀ꣬ҪԸǿĶ֡
Ȿ񾳵ҲԼһս飬ǿ֮ԼҲе
ĵҲʼҶ״ȤǳЦߵܣ㲻ǵһɽɣ
Ҷ׵ͷҵȷǵһɽҲǵһޡ
ϾЦ޵ʱɲҪŵˣЩ˵һɽʱͱŵӣɲ˵Ц
ҲǺǺǵЦҶ֪û˼ֻǿЦѣЦҲģҲֻɽġ
һλΨһŮӶƷЦǰ޿϶Ǳѱģɽϵ޿ɶҰӴǿҪЩѱ޲֪Ͷ٣ҪСˡ
λлƷŮ˫ʮ껪Ȼ˵ǾˣҲһرһֻҰԣҲǷǳĶ
Ҷ׾æЦ׶ޣмλҲẦµġ
ƷæЦԭߵô˵Сˣ޺ú棬Ҳǰ㳤ʶ
ﳩæЦǾͲҪߵܿЦˣǵһɽе㺦ҲǷǳģǲҲ𣿡
ҲûȡЦҶˣ˴мɽ·ﳩͶҶ˵ҪɽΧˣʱʱΧޣ㲻õģЩ޵ʵҲֻǱ񾳼Ǻ׾Ӧ
ﳩǰҶףҪô£Ҷ׵ǱǻҪ򶨣ʵ˵Ǳ񾳣ǻʾô
Χɽ֮󣬴ҶȻǷǳСˣȻǱ񾳵ޣ͵ϮҲǷǳѶԸģҶУǻƷҲȡԼĹʱ׼䡣
Ȼ˼޵ĺУƬ֮Ҳû޳֣ǳ绹Цѵһ޶ˣҳˡ
ǵĻո˵꣬ǵͷȻһﳩæ˵Сģųɷ͡
ϾųмΪԲĵԲȦҶΪﳩߣҲܿ˷Ǹոɷ֮ʱǵͷȻһŭһͷ޴˵ǵͷ֮ϡ
ȷǻƷһ֧ÿһ֧׼ȷ޵壬Ӷֱͬӿͷ޵ľʣµﳩһӶȴͷ޵ĶȥһĶͬһʱɣԿǵжôĬ
ֻҶ׻վԭûжΪӵһʱѡԼȲҪôսģͷ޺ǿĻٳҲ١
޾Ӷͬ׼ȷĻ޵ĲӣȻ޵Ƥܺ񣬿ǾǱ˼ĿӣﳩһӶĹ͸ǿˣֱӾͻͷ޵Ķӣһʱڵ©˳
޻ûأѾˣ˷ޣͷ޴޾ˤڵأ˿ʼм֮ҲûжˣѾɱ


ʮ 񱩵Ĺ
Ҷ׵һμɱ޵Ḷ́ҲӶ֮жôľٿ޵ʱͷ޳ףسǧƤڣϧʵǲֻǱ񾳼𣬶һǱ񾳵ĴɼȻЩǻʾ֡
ﳩߵ޵ǰ־ĶͳһһöﳩöУŶҶ˵ôڸоΣ
Ҷ׾ЦǼλ̫ĬˣҶ֪κˡ
ﳩæЦ㲻ҪżҲǵһξܺϵģ㳤㾭飬һܺˣһξͿǵĹˣҪֵʱǻ˵ġ
ҶҲͷӦˣǳЦߵܣҿûӰɡ
ҶЦЦû˵ﳩæϹ˵ˣǶСĵ㣬޳ûĵطҪġ
ҲЦˣֳǰȥһλɱ޷ǳ˳Ƭ֮һͷͬޣǱɱȻֻǱ񾳵ģ˵ҲջˣܻһЩ
ֱֻ޳֣ǷһЩһͷ۷ޣʵԺǻʾȣԻɱʱﳩ˴ս˼غϣŽɱͬҶ׻ûг֣ΪﳩҲû֣ҶΪҲܻɱԾѡԱ߹۲졣
ȵɱͷ֮ﳩôϢƬ̣Ϊһɱ֮Ȼû̫ѣǱϾҲһЩĵطκһʧҪٵֲĻһǿ޾ͺȡʤˡ
ﳩȡԼĻʯⳤһֻɱ˵Ͽһֻȵʵһ֣ȻڻϿȻûκεĵζƷǺܿʹ
ҲӶͨĳԷˣɽܵȥĥԶĸĸܿͿˣ罫ֳһһģÿȥץһͳ
ҶҲץһСĳԣһڣҲо޵ȷǷǳĲޱȣȻûʲôζǾԭζŸӵ
ﳩȡĺþƺʹһԶǺöΪ׳ǿ޳֣˾ƣҲоԼûʲôµġ
ƷҲҳԵĵʱǺȻоسһһ𶯣ﳩϾɫһãǰǿ˳
ҶҲоһε޺ϼε޲ͬΪһɺǿϮǰеޣﳩɫҲܿľܹһΣա
еϾͳ˳ȥҶ׻һ޵⣬ﳩæ˵ߵܣ콫ӵ޾ŵζŸġ
ҶҲֻܽӵˣȻûԱԼҲûбҪôõӵֿϧģﳩĻӵ˵ϡ
ﳩһֱɱмףǶһɽ֮£طܹܲ۲ͷޣǸողغãͿһͷӴ޳ǵǰͷ޸ߴɣسͷ­ȫ͵ֵһԲηĴСһ˫޴۾ͷô󣬶Ѫڸǿ£ֱ©棬һſڶһˡ
ͷ֫ǳһֱȵĻͱһ⽴ˡֲôضͣһްˡ
Ҷæߵﳩ˵磬ʲôޣ
ﳩæһͷޣǳͷһͷޣһδ޶ǻʾʵһͷĺӵǻʾʵ֪ΪʲôҪк𣿡
Ҷ׵Ȼ֪æҡҡͷΪʲô
ﳩ˵ΪĲжôǿ󣬶ĺһ֮󣬷Բ֮ڵﶼᱻΣͷ޵ʵǻûг֣һǶҪزˡǸĶ֣Ǿ뿪Ϊá
ҶҲ˵ʶֻͷ޵ҲɣǰֵǮҶ׾˵ֻ޵ֵǮոյõҪֵǮɣ
ﳩЦǵȻǸͲᲢۣȥҲǼѣһͷ޵ʵ۳һǵһٱ
ҶҲЦԭôֵǮѽǹֿϧġ
ﳩеĿ˿ﳩæǳ
ʱڳҶµ⣬ûзǣﳩ׼ʱߣΪǸͲ޵Ķ֡
Ҷ׼Ǵ뿪ȻҲȥޣǾҪ뿪֮ʱȻһʯͷϮҶ׵̶ܣһʯͷ˵ϵȴǰǺ̧ͷҶ߿
ﳩ˿ҲǴһ˭ڰݺǣ͸æɱʱǺȴѾ
ȻӴ󣬿ٶȴǷǳľˣܵ׿⣬ﳩ˼ٳǰɱǾǰ֮ʱŸȻһҲֽţæӵɱɱ˼ǵٶȴѾͣ
޵ѾǵǰﳩʱҲ֪Ѿ̫ˣΪ޵Ѿסǵȥ·
ﳩ˷ŭǣʱ֪˭͵ϮǣҪأﳩ˺ͺ޶ŵʱڲԶȴһЦһھ͹ԹԵıɺ޵Ͱɣұ±˵ɡ
һⲻǷ𣿼϶ʱǷŭ֣ҪԵǺ޵ĹѾûа취Ըˡ
ҿ任һ˱һֱߣӴĺγ˶ţǺ޺ǻе㲻мһ˵ӣֻǴ˸Ƿһ㣬ǵĵĺС
ǽ޾ͷ˹ǰƺȻ͵ĳȥһģԱȵС͵磬˸æܣȴŪڰ֮޷壬˵ĵɳȥ
Ҷõһ޵ǰ˵һߣûκε쳣ЩӶʱҲûлῴҶˣΪ޵ĵڶֽ˹
ʱں޵ǰǳں޵Ĺ֮£̷ֱԷƣﳩȴһҪӦս
ʱѾˣ˵ĿѾ˺޵ľ޴ǰ֮£ǵ֮ǲ֪ǵĿ˱ȿӲ֮ϣһʱǿھƵͻֱֶ֮ȥӶҲȫھƵĻ֮£ҪǱŵĻǾǱˡ
ﳩ˶ҿȥˣΪ¸ûлǶˣʸסԼ۾ҿԼֵܾ⽴


ٰʮ ı
ǵȵҽȴûһӰʱȻ˳ȥǺ޵ǰƻûü˵ϣȴӰһУССӰȻӴĺһֱӵĶԿ
ֻһǿҵײ֮ҶʱæȥͼӴĺ޾Ȼǵ˼һ¾ǼʮˣǸӰȴҲٴηأǳȫ䵽档
ȵǿӰ˭ʱǶʱ;ˣΪǿǲǱˣǵߵܣΪҶס
֪һеʱе˹ģǴĿҶףҶ׿⸱ЦôˣʲôƵģ
ʱҲŷӦһľϲϾͳҶ׳˹׷׽еôô㵽ʲôʵ
ҶҲشˣΪˣҶæǼλ˵ҺɣԸޡ
⼸˶֪Ҷ׵ʵˣȻǻǷǳģϾ̫ǿˣҲ֪ǰﲻʲôæǲҪˣ˸æ˺ҶԸޡ
ǺҲոһЩˣǰ˾ȻӵǿʵҲǿսһʱȻվ͸ߴɵǸߴˣҶ׶Դˡ
Ҷ׾û˵ɵվܵȥ𣿿ôʰ㡣
һ仰ﳩ˵Ķǲûе޾ȻҶ˵ɵˡ
Ǻ޺ҲҶ׵ĻǷŭĺȻССֱǰ˫ֱӶģҪҶԼĲӬһ
Ҷ׵弱ٳշȥһ𣬾Ǽʮ׸߶ȣ㿪˺޵Ķģֱ˺޵Դǰ棬ģҶЦ㳤ôеˡ
ﳩеεˣҶȫ͵СèС𣿲ʵӦǷǳ˵á
Ǻ޿Ҷ׳ֱԼǰҶȴǸûй˼ɣԼȭͷͶǺ޵ĴԴһĿᣬһѽǺޱҡΣԴҡڣûл֮ˡ
ҶڵʵɴﵽܺͰ벽ʥ߽ĵزȻûʹκεıʵȭͷҲܽͷ޴ǱףҪͷô󣬿ͱſˡ
һ½ﳩ˾ͿɵˣĻҪǿ֪ٱѽǱΪҶܺ޽һ֪Ҷ׸޵Լһѽĺ޸ûлᷴ
ﳩԱߵĳʵѽǾȻһ㶼֪
ﳩҲҡͷ֪ôǿʵҪ֪Ļһȥ𣿡
ʵ磬ΪʲôҪӶţԵ޹ʰɣ϶ʲôԭ򡣡
ﳩһ飬æ˵ץ޵ģʼһΪЦ˵ֻҪޣҪҲûе£õǻǻƽ֣Կ֪ô
ﳩ˵Ҳʵ֪ҶôǿĻҲȥ˵ѽæЦҪȻǻڽˣûǼ˭ҲӲ
ҲͷʱϵҶ׺ͺҲȻ죬ҶڿǺޣǺ޵˫ҪҶ׸ûлᣬûеĳҶ׵Ѿɵһ߼ᣬԴ󣬹Ҷ׷ȥġ
һƬ̹Ǻ޼Ǳ۾ˣ˫ͺܴ۾ϾͱøȫǱҶ׸ˡ
ͷǱŭˣȻȻСڱϷһ㣬ﳩʧɫæеߵСģҪˡ
ﳩǶ֪ģǿĹǺˣһε򵱳
ҶﳩĻȴû˺ﳩ˷ǳĵģҲòϽˣֱӶ㵽һݵشܺ޵ĺС
һͬըװ޵Ĵ֮һ춯أһĲԲڵľȫɪɪҶڴֵľֱӶѣҶ״ʱ޵棬ľ޴ҲֱӴҶ׵塣
ﳩһβҿȥԴƫһߣֻǻƷڿΪҶֵܵס޵Ľһ㡣
ʵҲ֤ȷģҶз֮󣬾Ȼڰֻ֮Ǻ˼ףڰգûֱӺ
ǿ쿴ߵû£ߵû¡ƷĻŸϽȥͿҶ׾Ȼúõվڰ֮УǳԾǣҶʱȻ˵ˣ˵ĻǸӵ
ɵ湻ģֻûЧҰĴ͸ˣ㻹ܺвɡ
ҶȭͷһᣬһǺ޵ĴͣΧݸһᣬһú޶޵ĽˣôҲףԼݵĺУȻҶ׵ǰʧЧˡ
ʵ޵ĺ֮˵ǿΪ̺ˣͨһ޷ֵǿĺ֮Ҷȴһ࣬ʵȺӵܺͰ벽ʥ߽ʵ󾳽磬οϻֵܰ޵ĺйˡ
Ǻһ󾪿֮ҲһǾǰԲһͨ࣬ʵҪԼܶ࣬ٱҲ֪ˣڳԿ֮󣬸æ͵ͷҪӡ
ҶϾͷɵǰ棬ס޵·һҶˣæٴεͷҶˣΪѾǱףԴԭҪ˲ˡ
ҶױغޣȻһͷ޳һɱҶȴסˣߣԼȴٺһֱǰȥ
ﳩ˾ͿеͿˣﳩæ˵ߵҪѵͷޡ
ﳩĻǲЦʱƷȻ˵ˣߵҪ޸ȥԸ͵Ϯǵˡ
ƷһѣҲȻ򣬹ֲҶ׷źߣΪߵķ͵Ϯǵڵķλ
ʱҲҶ״磬ǸһȥԸ͵Ϯ֮ˡ
ǰҶ״죬ﳩǴûйѽһȻ޶ѽԸǷ˻ֵ
ﳩ˸æ͸˹ȥҲҸ̫Ǻ޺ȻתǷҶںһ·׷ϣǺֻܳǰɱһͷ
ûܶ·ﳩ˾ͺȻǰӰϸһǲǷӶһ±ӣŲ·


ٰʮһ Ѱҷ
Ҷ׸æǺ޾һᣬƴûм͸ֻӶţʱҶ׺Ȼͣ¹Ǻ޵Ķ߽еɱ࣬ҾͲѵ㡣
ȻޣѾԣҶûֶָָǰӶţǵĶҲ˼Ǻ޾ȻҶ׵˵ͷϾͳ˹ȥ
Ӷŵð޳ǷɱϾͷֿܣҶͷˣֱӷɵһӶǰһƾͽĵǺ޵ǰ
⼸ӶҲһһҶ׸˦˺޵ǰֱķʵǿ㣬ܵ·ҲԶ㣬Ҷ׻һ־һСӽӵ˺޵ǰ
Ǻھ;ǽЩ˵ԼʳˣҶײûǸôʳȻǸˣһƾͳʧӶȥ⼸ӶȻʵҪﳩǿһЩҲ޷ֵ޵ĹһȥӶֱӱĳ⽴⼸ոն㿪Ǻ޵һֻڰ֮ˡ
ֻһǼӶزǺ޴𣬸ոձҶǱ÷йЩ˵ϣӾ͸ɵ߰˸Ӷֻʣ˷һˡ
ʱҶ׺Ȼɵ޵ǰΪҪԼŵæ˼Ҷȴ˰֣ģҲƣæͲٶˡ
ҶŷɵŵðķǰǷҶ׵ָӣǾ֣Ҷ׾վǰ˵֪Ϊʲôһ𣿡
ҡҡͷ֪ѽҶЦΪҪôʰ㣬̫ˡ
Ҷ׵˼Ȼ޵ĹûпҶ׵ʵʱҲҪһˣȻһӸƴˡ
˵շȻűҶҶû̧ͷֱӾͳǰ֮ĳһƣһƾͽǰ֮еķֱӵز
Ҷ׽˷ͶԶﳩ˵磬ǹôʰһ
ﳩ˸æܵҶ׵ǰǼ֣ﳩæߵܣôʸߵܣˣôôҪ֪Ļ㡣
ҶæЦǴİɣ㻹Ƚһɣôԡ
ﳩſŵϵķһӵĻҪǻûеֵͳȥһһžͽǷߵİǻһֱȺŹ۵ʱʱ򷽿ѾһϢˣﳩæǲҪˣ̫ˣȥȥֵǰ졣
⼸ͣǷˣʱǺ޻Աߴվţ֪ԼӲģҲҶŶӻ֣ʾ뿪һҶ׵Ķ˷ܲѣæҪߣҶȴָָϵķ籩Ӷŵʬ壬Ǻ޸ǸˣһƾͽЩȫϣһӾ뿪ˡ
Ⱥ֮ﳩɿϾǽҶ׸ΧסˣΪкܶĻҪҶס
ߵܣôô㵽ʲôʵѽ
ߵܣ㵽ʲôѽǴĵӰɣ
ߵܣܲܽ̽ѽҲ޵ı졣
һʱҶױǰΧҲ֪شһˣﳩæ˵ǻǲҪôˣߵҪ˵ĻȻ˵ġ
Ҷл˵ˣæλ磬ǺҲԵܳΪֵܣСҲûʲôģСҲʲôĵӣֻǻԵɺϵõһЩĹʵǴպϣСһҪΪץһֻޣΪһҪ·һ¡
Ҷ˵û˵ˣǺܿǾΧˡ
ߵܣʲôѽҶͯӦòɣ
ߵܣҪ뿪ȥʲôطǲǺԶȥʲô
ߵܣʲôʱߣǻûһã
ҶҲ֪ûشʲôﳩֳΧǲҪˣҲ˵ˣߵҪ˵Ȼ˵ǲҪʡ
ﳩ˵ҲˣҶɿˣæЦλ绹д㲻ˣߵԺлĸǡ
ǾæͷȴǷǳ˷ܣﳩֵǽֵܵǰݡ
æ̧ﳩǰ·ǵֵܱǰ治ԶΪҲطģԾˡ
ܿߵأﳩ˿֮Ͼ͹ڵأﶼˮóǵĹϵǷǳĺãﳩ˵ֵǣҽǵķˣǵꡣ
˵ﳩ͵Ƿ̧
̧ǰ棬ﳩһӣʱҲǶжˣﳩְ˼ݣЩ뿪ˡ
뿪֮󣬼鶼ǷǳĿģҶ׾ͳǵˣﳩȻʣ˻̲סǣҶܻشǵȻҲشˣ˵Ҳû˵
ܿǾֽΣյɽ֮УҶ׾Ͷﳩ˵磬Ӧûʲôˣǲȥɽڲɣ
ﳩ֮ȴЩĵ˵ߵܣ֪ʵˣɽڲ̫ǿ󣬶ǻʾģǼûʵ½ȥҲﲻʲôæ
ﳩҲ˵ʵҲ뿴ҶһսҶȴЦûйϵھˣǾԱ߰ҿ޺ˣЩֻҪǳ벽ʥߣһаնԸġ
벽ʥߣﳩŵð첻˵Ҷ׾ȻܶԸ벽ʥµޣ͸붼ģҪ֪ܶԸޣҲǰ벽ʥˡ
ﳩͽͰ͵˵ߵܣ㲻ǰ벽ʥ߰ɣ
ҶЦȻûдﵽľ磬Ͱ벽ʥ߻ܽġ
ﳩ˸ǾĿɿڴһҶ׸Ͳһˣһʹﵽʵ츳жѽ
ߵܣȻӵǿʵǼȻԸˣҿҲҪߵˣ㵱ǵϴôﳩæ˵
˵ȻԸ⣬Ҷ׻ҡҡͷҿǲˣСʣ˵ˣҲܴߣһҪߵģǻǽߵܺˡ
ĻٶеʧҲҶǿʵôһˣҲˡ
ﳩæ˵Ǿ͸ߵȥɽץޣǰﲻʲôæԱܻġ
ҲЦһɽȥ
ȵɽȫһˣ滹룬ǵɽ͸ղˣֻе͸Ҷ룬ܿΧľҲ·ֻߵ˲ѡ
˾ͳǰȥղʱһ˻ҶӦþǷˣֻϧԼ̫Զûа취ץ


ٰʮ Ⱥ
һʱ䣬Ҷ׾ץΪֵסգҪһûֵĵطҶ׾Ͷﳩ˵磬֪бȽϿտĵطɽ£òҪסյĿյء
ﳩȴҡҡͷҶûҲ֪ĵط
ҶҲǣ˵Ǻãȥ
ҶһԼֱӷɵ˼ʮ׵ĸ߶ȣ߶Ȼߣٴΰθ߼ʮֵĶˣҶ䵽һŴңΧȥͿԶȷһտĵشǸشӵˮԴֻΧҲвޣҶΪ˵ǣڰ֮з޷ɹ
ҶҪȥľطס˷λﳩ˵ҵпյصĵطǳȥɡ
ﳩ˵ͷǾͳˮԴķλߣΪû·ֻǿ·˾ǰ濪·Ҳûеʲôʱ䣬ܿҶ׿Ŀյء
յرԵǲŷ֣һƬԭҲ֪ô£ȻûľֻһעǣΧۼŲٵޡ
Ҷ׿˿ޣмʮֻд󲿷ֵ޶ǻʾڵʵʮͷǻʾСɵʵмͷǻʾɣļƣֵܾŵòǰˡ
ߵܣҲ̫˰ɣҲǻʾڵʵǶûа취Ʒ˵иǿޣô࣬ߵҿǻˣһ˶ԸôޡﳩæȰ
ҶȴûнЩ޷Ҳǻʾɣǻʾ۷ȣõģעǷյķޣֻޣǵȼǺܸߣոܳƵǻʾڰҪķ޻Զ
Ҷ׼Ǻ£æλɣһ˳ȥԸǣЩ޵ҲֵǮɣ˷ˡ
ﳩ˵Ȱ裬ҶѾ˳ȥȻһ£ҲȥˣҲҶһðա
Ҷ׻ͷҲˣæ˵ǲҪѽôҲˣ
ﳩæ˵ǵֵܣôһȥԸޣֻ˵˵ģ浽ʱôһս
Ҷ֮ҲǷǳĸмֵֵܲýͶ˵Ǿ͸ɣҪȥս
ҲͷǵȷûʵǰһСæ㲻ûҶס
ʱЩҲҶǣʱΧʮͷ޶߿ˣЩټ࣬ΪûмҴǵʳʱЩ޶̰Ŀ⼸ࡣ
￴ӾЩˣæ磬Щ޲ǽǿǵʳ˰ɣǵҲ̫ˡ
Ʒȴ˵ǵЦߵôԼˣɲҪߵܵǰˡ
æҪߵǰˣǺôҲоˡ
ס񣬲֮⣬ʵҲһֻû˵ѡ
Ϊ̫ǿˣô࣬Ƕ˹ĻǾͲˡ
ԽǵʲôԽʲôЩ޿ҶǵʱϾͽǵʳһֻ޾ͳǷɱȻ޵ǰҶ׵ˣһҪˣҲæ˹ʱǼʮͷ˭Ҳ˭ȫҶ
ƿɲˣʮͷǻʾһ˹𺳵κεĸ֣ҶҲоȺһƷͬСɣ˵ļλֵˣһŵ˫ȷǻû˺ˣӦþǵڡ
Ҷֵ֪Ǻ£תͷ˵ǾվԭزҪȥǡ
Щֵܾ붯ҲʹˣҶҲǰмʮףﳩһЩȫʱһͷѾ嵽Ҷ׵ǰͷ޶˵ƺҪҶȫ¡
Ҷ̧ͷ˿֮ޣֻͬǵ֮ĳһƣһͨƣȻҶײûзӳĹѾܹԸǰͷǻʾڵˡ
ͷǧڰ֮оȻҶһĵֽһ㣬Ͼͷɳ˼ʮ׿⣬һúﳩǿкãȻ֪ҶʵǳǾ޴ǻЩ
ܿڶֻҶͬһƽķɳȥһʮͷޣҶ׶ĽǴɣֻЩһƤڣȻҶ׻УҲǺص˺ƾǿһȴٳȥˣΧҶ׵ΧȴŻᡣ
ЩҲӵһܣǺ֪ܿҶײһ࣬ԾͶγ˰Χ̬ƣһغܿ޶ﳩǣΪҶ̫ǿˣܵϾﳩǷ
һǺüͷ޳ﳩ˳˹ﳩ˸æзЩ̫ǿˣǵķûκεãǴΣ֮еʱЩǵ޺Ȼһһˣ̧ͷһҶ׾ǵϷ
Ҷ׶ЦЩҲˣΪ˰ȫǻ°ɡ
һﳩǲûзԣΪ֪ԼȫǸҶˣ˸æҴҵĳȥһֱƽԭıԵͣ£ۿҶ׺޵ս
Щ޿ﳩ룬֪ǵʵǿˣȥǣȴϾͱҶ׸סˣЩ嵽ǰֱҶ׸˳ȥ
ܿҶһ˾ͺôγ˶ţʮͷվǰһޱҶ״ڵع֪Ҷ׶óȻ
ʱͷ޳˳Ҷ׿˿ͷǻʾɵޣʵԺǻʾ۷ȣֻҶ׵ʵԸǻʾ۷Ҳ顣
ͷһһҳҶ˹Ҷ֪ҪҼлҲûз̧ͷ˿գȴûзʲôķޣֻ޴Ҳǿսˡ
ʱͷ޺ȻͬʱǵĹҪǰ޸ӵǿˣһֱ˱ǶҶҲǸоһģŵζ˫뷢ҿһӳͨƵҲԪǰ棬Իɱǻʾ۷֡
ͷǻʾɵһαҶ׸˳ȥһҶ׵ĹΪǿͷڵ˰ûа취վһеޣǲϴȻˣҰܵôҡ
ҶջƷ˿ͷ˵ޣǺòײŴӵĵһ¾ȻǸæͷӴܣһ£޿ǿ޶ˣǻ𣿼ʮͷ˲ͳǰɱҶ׻ЩȣΪΪЩ뻹ҪԼһ֪ǾȻһϾ˳ȥ


ٰʮ 
ҪʱҶ׳ȥɱܻɱһޣΪЩ޲Ȥ̧ͷգûз޳֣һӾͽе޶ˣз޳ˡ
ҶҲǷǳʧŻعͷԿɵ˵ﳩ˵ǶˣҲɡ
ﳩ˸æ˳ǼʶҶ׵ʵˣʮͷǻʾ޶仨ˮˣʵǼǿʵ
Ҳûмʶǿߣǿ벽ʥʥ֮սǾ֪ˣǵҶ׾ǿˡ
磬Щ޶ˣ㲻ҰɡҶ˵
֪ﳩҪҺڵģôһ£е޶ˣﳩǵȻòʲôˡ
ﳩȴЦߵ˵ʲôǸոһֱİȫûҪõʲôܱ֤İȫǼͷǳĸˣĲҪˡ
ҶҲǺܸ˵λģСǲǸҰܵģȥ֮Сܻǵõջġ
ﳩæЦߵ˵ﻰֵֵܼôֻҪܰȫȥһǾֵˡ
ҶЦЦæʵ磬Ҳûзޣô죿ûа취ޣġ
ﳩ˵Ҳа취ģ֪һǺ޾ǱǵģƽԭֻҪζӦúܿޣ޻᲻Ͳ֪ˡ
Ҷæ˵˵ǾϾȥһЩޡ
æЦҶҲˣͽһûпԣ֤зġ
ܿʮͷ˻ϿһᣬƮɢȥһֱƽԭıԵ
ǺôһᣬҶ׾Ȼûзһͷ޳֣Щ⣬ոջôأʵЩôû
ﳩЦߵѵˣոհǴ仨ˮ˭ѽ
Ҷһ⻰ҲǣЩһԼĿͷðˣҲãԼרȷ޳ˡ
ҲԺΧڶǿӦǴûй飬Щ޾ȻĿǵǰãԵĻͬ⣬Щ޵ʲôо
Ҷ׺ǳһʱ֮չȻ˵һֻޣҶһ˻֮󣬸˵̧ͷһͿһͷǵͷĳܴȴǺСԲҶ׵ı׼Ҫһֻܹӵǿķޣܴȥֻ޿ҲҲɲ˶á
ҶҲûйһֻޣԺȣһֻ޺֪ȻȻͳҶһͳЦ˵еһԹĹͷһӣֻķ޾ˣֱӱҶ״ڵأڵϰųӲûз
Ͼȥֻ˵ķ޸ץ˹ϲ˵ߵܣ޵ɺóأھͿԳԡ
ֻ޿ѾڵĳӶˣҪҶǵģû뵽ԼȴǵʳϧʱҲˣΪѾҪĸ֡
ҪԳ򣬳óԡƷ˵
ҿǳԴȰɣû⣬ࡣ˵
۷׷׵ʱҶ׺Ȼһ˻һκһβͬҶæ̧ͷһҲע⵽ˣǳտȥʱǶЩˡ
ΪվȻ˼ʮֻޣЩ޵ĸͷַǳĴһӾͽոסˣҶһƬӰ档
Щ޾ǵͷһ˻֮ҶҲ׼ȴû̹ǣһֱǵͷ
ʱﳩȻеãǷ޵Ҫˡ
ҲһҲЩ飬ͬҲͷǵ޻ϵޣҶȴǷǳĸˣҪľĻҲˡ
ﳩæ˵ߵܣ޷ǳռգͱȵ޾ƣķޣǵĹ˵ãǻ˻ȥɣҪȥֻˡ
ҶȴЦûйϵҪľһֻϣҪʧǼλȱܿɣץ֮ٺǻϡ
ﳩ˼Ҷ˵Ҳ֪һרΪ˷޶ŹĻᣬﳩ˵ߵҪСһ㣬еĻ뿪ĺá
Ҷ׵ͷ֪ˣǲҪˣעԼİȫ
ֻ뿪˵ȫʱҶ׺Ȼһ޵˻֮һκǰ治ͬһȴӵһ˸оϵ˻̧ͷһЩͷķ޺ȻͷֿˣмһܴĿռ䣬Ҷ׾Ϳһֻ޺ȻϷ
һֻҶҲǰһķޣΪǳƯȫǽɫë֮⣬ͬϼɣ˶ĿϾӣ峬ףǳĺأĳǳɣڽɫëĴ֮£һɵƶʱ¶ɣرͷ­ͬҲǽɫëͷϷȻһγһ俪𣬳ԣžӨͬʯ۾һ˫۾ڶͬҶס
һֻʲôķޣҶﲢֻ֪֪޵ĵȼӦúܸߣѾӵ൱ߵǻۣʵǴﵽǻʾ۷塣
һֻޣҶҪģ֪ܱȲķӵһֻķޣԺʡȥ˺ܶ鷳
Ҷæ˵ʦһֻʲôޣ֪𣿡
ѵÿ˵һֻƷɷȻķҲз޵һѪˣӦԶʱڵѪĵȼȻ޼𣬿ҲƵˣúĻӦÿԴﵽʥ߼ġ
ƷɷҶҲǴһȻ֪ˣǴ˵֮вŻֵݣܳƵ޵ûж٣֮ףȴǺģǰһ𣬿ɼжôǿ
ȻⲻһֻķҲӵ˷һ˿Ѫֲû˵ǿ󣬲ƯҶǴϲӵһֻƷɷѾǳˡ
ҾҪΪҵˡҶ׸˵˵
ȴ˵ɲҪ͹ʵȻǻʾ۷弶𣬿ʵҲİ벽ʥ߲£ҪץҲô׵顣
ҶҲ΢΢Ծ˵ԽԶԸǾԽ˵ˣҿɲõ
Ҷ˵ʱ򣬰֮еķҲȻ˲Ҷ̧ͷһͿǽƷɷȻ˻һΧʮֻ͵ĳҶ׳Ҫˡ


ٰʮ Ʒɷ
Ҷ׿˶ķݳԼϮҲûжܣ˫뷢һֱͨӳ֮ϺȥЩݵʵǻʾڣǵȻֲҶ׵ͨƣһֱֻֻӱҶ׸˳ȥڰ֮˻
һսЩҶ׻еķݶˣ֪Ҷ׵ʵ⻹Ҷ飬ΪˣҪȻĻЩֱӾͻᱻС
Ҷײ뼤ŭƷɷЩݶ£ɱɷҪּǳˣҶ׻ùϵ
Զﳩ˾ͿҶ׺ںһȺڴ֣˫Ҳû˵ӣЩ⣬ⱾӦ֮սǵҶͱ˴ֵ
ЩݲҪҶ׵Ҷ׵ʵ̫ǿҶȴҪǵŻγľơ
ﳩЦҿߵܺںأҪ涯ĻЩҪ䡣
Ҳǵͷ˵ǣߵܸûҪǵƾߵܵĹܶԸЩһ
ƷæߵǸΪβ֣ʹˣ
ﳩߵܲɱǣߵܲץֻǲ뼤ŭͷ졣
˵Ʒʵ磬Ƿ죬Ưʲôݣʶ𣿡
ﳩҲҡҡͷɽҲûмƯķݣʵǿǻʾ۷壬ǿʵҲֻߵ֮ˡ
ʵŵզ࣬ҪǻǵĻӱֱɱѽ
ƷɷҲǶҶ׵ʵǳԾˣ±ҶŰ֮ͷҲǷŭˣȻһ˻ЩϾȫ˵һߣƷɷԼɫĳֱӳҶ׸
Ҷ׸æеֿ֪һֻƷɷʵԼܴ⣬Ҫ˵ԷΪƷɷҪˣҲûа취Լˡ
ΪԭҶײòȡһַصķʽǽƷɷ﹥ʱϾͷųһܣͼƷɷļֱӾҶ׵ķҶ׵ƾȻˣҶҲǳһ
æ룬Ϊ뻹֣ǽƷɷﻹΪˣϾͳȥǳ쳯Ҷ׵죬ҶнףҲҪˡ
Ҷ׵ٶôȵֻݣϾͱƷɷ׷ˣҶײòзԷϮæͷһƣһҲǿʵ˵Ʒɷһ֮£ȴǽƷɷֻǱ˺˼ףûܵʲô˺ҸͷݴŭһģֱӾͳҶ׵˹
Ҷ׸æϿգҪɵݵȥǷϵƵģһ˫ڰ֮ҵĻһɹɵʱͽռҶ׾Ȼûа취Լƽ⡣
Щģֻæ룬ǽƷɷצȴץҶҲǱƵЩˣԼȭͷֱӳǽƷɷȥ
һûбʵΪǰĽֻݵʵҲ˽ˣһȭȥ˲ʲô
ȻݱҶһȭ˹ȥԴƫˣҶ׵ĹҲʧȥ˷λǺֵܿת͵ĳҶ
Ҷ̽Ҳ֪ιҲôˣͨһ˹ȥÿһζݵϣҶֻͨƵһʵӦֻܽݻˣ˲
ʵҲȻˣݱҶһϮǱһδεĺˣȴÿһζһҶײòٴη˫ڰ֮ѾսƬ̡
ƷɷҲǱҶ״ŭˣһ˻Ȼ巢һҫ۵ĹâѾǳҫˣһθǴۣһֻС̫ڿ֣ҶҲ֪ǽƷɷҪǿĹˡ
Ȼͼ֮еĽƷɷһӾͱһͽҶȫ棬ȻѾ˽ɫ죬צ˽ɫɢǿ
²һܹԸ˵ãҶ˿Ҵ⣬ոսƷɷûбѾˣڱǿһʵԼһβĻпòˡ
Ҷ׻ã͸˵ˣΨһõͨƺǰһЩͼˣҶڲŸоԼ̫ˣҪǲñĻõĳֵľͨˣֻͨڶ㡣
Ȼǵڶ㣬ȴѾܹﵽ벽ʥߵļˣԸһֻӦû⣬˫ֱӳɷĻȥǷɷ˫צҲҶץӲӲʱˡ
һ˫ײҶ˫ĳͨƵڶʵԻ˰벽ʥߣǷɷ˫צҲǳȻҶ׵˫֮Ҷ׼ץ
Ҷ״һֻɷ˵ǿצ˵ǿӲҶ׸æ뿪ǷɷצѾĺ󱳣ҶҲûа취ˣһת˫־ͳ˫צץ˹ȥ
ʵʵսҶ׵˫ƾȻȥץǷɷĽצɷҲǺܳԾȴԥĳҶ׵˫ץҪҶ׵˫Ƹץá
ҶʱȻʹ˼ȫȫе˫֮Уһ˫ֿ˵޼᲻ݵĵزҲǷɷצץ
һһҪһ㣬˭֪ҪûպõĻ˫־ͷˡ
Ҷֻоһ˫ӲޱȵצεĽ˫ץסצȻܹƣҪ֪ڵ˫ȫӲĵطȫȫеǻǱɷצץˡ
ҲӲģǷѷҲǽץƶѣûʵʵ˺ҲҲǷɷǳĳԾϾչ߷ɣҪҶ״֮ϡ
Ҷ׵˫ֱץסҪѿ²ô׵飬Լ뵽ǧ׸߿յĻҶڵʵҲܱ֤ܹȫء
Ҷ׵ȻԼ߷ɣѣǷɷ̫ǿûа취Ҷײòİ취ֲȡ鱦ʱҪǻ鱦ĻԷɷ϶ɺܴ˺Ҷײ뿴ġ
Ҷ޷ʱҶ˵СӣʹħʱҪˤ⽴ˡ
ҶϾʵħǻ˺𣿡
ȴڶû취ɵ׸߿յʱˣħѾܹһƬֻҪСĿƣ˵㲻ҪˣһֻӵзѪݣϷĻ˱Ҫȵڶûа취ȡԼıˡ


ٰʮ ѱ
ҶҲǣһĹӦöʲô˺ħĻԼԿʲô
Ѿǧ׸߿ˣٲֵĻû취ˣҶ׸æųħħһ֣Ͼڰ֮γһ̨ǷɷҲǱסˣһʱҲûмϷС
Ҷæ̨ס˷ɷȥ·ҲԼҪˣɷ￴̨סԼȥ·ҲǷǳϾԼ쳯̨ȥһȴûеõʲôõĽ̨ʱ̨Ȼһҫ۵ĹâɷĳȻǱ˻Ǳܵ˺صײ̨Ȼ컹ҪӲ
ҶҲһЦһ˰ɣ˭
ƷɷҲǸо˼飬ٳ̨ȴƿ̨һȥʱҶѾ̨һƬ뿪ֱ̨ӱ˾޴Ļ곯ɷֶȥǷɷæ룬ȻҪ죬˲ͽȫ
Ʒɷﱻ֮󣬻ƴĵֿһƬĻס벽ʥˣƷɷʵҲ𣬾ôѣҲ޷ѻ
ѵʱҶ׳ûצ⻨֮룬Ϊ̨ˣȻܹƻ꣬ɵľͳˡ
֮󣬾ͿǷɷѣʱʱķһ˻֮ҶԱ߾ͿķǳĹ񫣬Ϊڸ߿գҶҲͣϾͿ̨Լȥһ·ǷɷҲ˵棬ֱأɷҲûѻ
ʱϿյЩݶŻˣӦǵһμԼ˾ȻסˣЩҲûӪȣΪǷǳҶ׵̨
ڰ֮һ֮ʹҴˣҶ׿˿ǣЦҲӵıѽ
תͷԺﳩ˵ǶɣѾץһˡ
ﳩ˿ǹ񫣬æ˳Ҷ׵ǰæʵߵܣʲôȻסֻ񣿡
Ҷ׾ЦҲʲôرıħסһİ벽ʥӦû⡣
λӶǴһ벽ʥߣ˵ȫһĴѽ޵ߵܵıѽ
Ҷֶǰеķɷе㲻ҪˣԹԵҵɡ
ǴĻһӵķˣҶѾ̨ҪסɷˣҶ׼ĸ˵㻹𣿿ûлˡ
Ҷæ˽ʵʦҪʲô취Ͳҵ
ЦޣзѪȻӦˡ
Ҷæʵʦûбİ취
ЦЦȻУֻҪԼӡܹǩԼĻͻԹĻˡ
ҶҲ֪ô£æʲôǩԼʦܽϸһ𣿡
˵˵򵥵㣬סһƵĻȻˣǷǳѵģΪԸһֻӵѪķɷ͸ˡ
ҶæҲҪѱˣ˵ҲʦʦԶԿҽֻѱӦûɣ
Ҳûз񶨣ֻ˵Сʲôʱ򶼴Ϊʦ⣬Ϊʦǿ԰㽫ѱǩԼҪǵõĻԺܶ鷳˭õһֻӵѪķɷӵ𣿡
Ҷ붼û˵öȻ˭ҪˣܲΪ¾öҪ˰ɣʦҽѱɡ
ͷǺãھͿʼѱֻЩ°ɣҪΧǻΧˡ
Ҷ׵ЩڻΧŴأҶ׸æ˵£Ҫѱ
ﳩ˵ǷǳĳԾǸæ˹ﳩʵߵѱ𣿡
ﳩ֪ҪѱĴʵҪУոҶǿŷƷģʵϺҲûʲôȡʤİգѱﳩǶе㲻š
Ҷ׾ЦԱ߿ž֪ˣһὫѱõĴǵġ
ĳ֣Ҷ׵Ȼſ϶ѱˣﳩ˸æ˺ʮףҶѱʱҶҲǰƣֻоԼĴ֮кȻһǿ⣬ľʱͺǷʲô߼ҩһ㣬쳣˷ܣȻ֪뵽Լ֮ˣҪȻǲӵǿˡ
ʱֱ뿪壬Ӱεľ뵽ǻ֮еķɷͷ­Ƿɷʱоƴ֪ԼҪ˿ƣƴʱ˻Ҷ׸оԼͷ­һʹ֪ǷɷĳϽʹѹܿٴμǿ֮еʹҲʧˡ
ŹƬ֮ǻסĴǲˣ֮ûκεĶҶϲһǳɹˣæʵʦǲѾɹˣ
Ҷ׵ͷѾ㽫ѱˣⱾһֻδѱķɷԺֻܳΪˣҪߣҪѸʱС
ҶҲ֪ѱ޵һãΪҪ㻨ѶһޣҪѱĻͱҪǰ˵ӡǾ͸Ϊˡ
ҶϲæʦڿԽų𣿡
ͷȻԣ㲻ԷָԺֻҪԼͿԿˡ
ҶæϲǲǾʦһ
𵭶˵ȷ㲻ҪʦֻᲢۺòãʦޡ
ҶæЦʦҲ˼ĸҽʦᲢۡ
Ҷ׸æҪȥֻѱķɷǻջأ»ص̨ϣֽ̨Ҳɽ䣬ͼֻɷվһɵһ
ҶЩԾɷô£ѵǱʦѱıɵˣɲҪһֻɵҶæ˵ʦôûжô£
㲻˵Ȼֻѱ֮ûӦµƶѣԲŻ˵˵ͻָԭˡ
ҶŸæǴ˵ˣ֪𣿡
Ƿɷ￴˿ҶףȻǵͷҶ˷֣æе㲻Ҫɵɵվ
ɷϼһǴξ֮˹ָֻԭӣҶ׶һɷ͵ĳ˹Ҷ׶ˣǵȷɷߣȻǹԹԵĵԴʾӡ


ٰʮ С
Ҷ׼ҪӵеĵһֻޣСĵǷɷµԴȻǷɷϾǷǳɵĵʾԼҳϡ
Ҷ׸æ˵ҪϷɵգԸ𣿡
ǷɷϾ͵ͷҶ״ϲ˵ͷɵ˷ɷϣ⻹һݵϣȻһϲֵĸоǷɷãϾһĳա
Ҷ˷ܵĶе㲻֪ˣߺķԽԽߵ죬˵ĴУǷɷҲȾһԽԽߣֱ
ҶһΧȻƲʣԼƲ֮зˣǸȻͲ˵ˣ÷ɷƲ֮зУúõĸһо
ŷһʱ֮ҶæԷɷ˵ȥɡ
ǷɷϾתͷ·ȥһṦ˵棬ﳩ˿֮ǾϲĳһΧڷɷĸȴǲҿ
Ҷ׿ȥȥӣЦҵѣ㲻Ҫ˺ǣ
ɷɵĵͷʾӦˣҶ׾Ͷﳩ˵ǼԹȥˣԹԵģṥǡ
ﳩϲ⣬Ͼܵ˷ɷߣɷߴһɣǸ͹ţĳҲǳˣҶڷɷϸţɷҲûκεķǵĸ
Ҷ׿Ȼ뵽һ⣬ͶԷɷ˵ҸȡһְɣʲôأҶͷ룬˵ҾͽСɣô
Ƿɷ֣ͷֳϲӣҶ׾͸˵˵ԺҾͽСˡ
ɷǵͷʱﳩ˻صߣﳩ˵ߵܣܵõһֻݣԺͲҪǼˡ
ﳩ֪Ҷ׵õ֮ͻ뿪ȻҪֿˣ˵˻е㲻ģǺҶһҲ˺ĸ飬Ȼദʱ䲻Ѿǳˡ
ҶҲͬˣҲϣ뿪ˣʱȻ뵽һİ취Ҳǲ÷ֿ
Ҷ׾˵λ㣬֪ӶԺͲμ˿ƵսȡԼԴλ뻻һʽĻ֪ԸԸ⣿
ﳩĻЩףﳩæ˵ߵĻʲô˼ֱ˵ˣ֮仹ʲô˵ġ
Ҷ׼ֱ˵˵ԸߵĻܱ֤ǵҪܶ౶ȻˣĻǾҪǰˣҸߵĻǳΣգҲ˵ߣϣԼһ£˵
ﳩһ࿴˿׷ױʾ˵ͷʾǶԸҶ׵ߣΪﶼ֪Ҷ׾һֵøϴ󣬲ΪʵǿΪƷãܸһλֵߣӦҲһֱϣ
ﳩϾͶԳ˵ߵܵ˼˵ĺˣϣܸԺǵϴԸԸΪߵܵ£ȻˣԺͲܽߵˣǽдˣԸĻ;֣ԸĻҲûйϵǶѯÿһ˵
˵ﳩһ;֣ҲϾͶﳩæȻҶͬˣԺӶžͲӶˣߵܵ£ߵҲǵĴ硣
˵գﳩϾͶҶ˵ԺǵĴ磬κεķԸǼֵܽãǷָӣΪ¡
Ҷ׼ǴӦˣҲǷǳĸˣΪǿ϶Ҫһ£ϾǺܴ飬ȫıǰˣҶæλ㶼ӦˣҲȻˣλߣкܶΣգҲҵ˵ˣһ£ԸĻһҲܸˣṩһʺܲĲƸ֤ǽӶΪǮԸҵĻҲᱣ֤ԺõԼ⣬һڵʵ
ﳩȴϾ˵磬㲻˵ˣжôΣգǼˣǵɽҲŴ磬ǵһݣҲʽΪǵĴˡ
ҶæסǣɲЩԼܶ˽Լ磬ʱﳩȴѾͷڵϣļλҲŹˣ磬ҪǴȵĻǼûˣǴģԺֻ˵Ǽǡ
漸Ҳͬ˵˸ĻҶҲǱǸжˣȻԼҲͲҪƴˣæ˵ԸҸԺһʵǸһ죬ҶὫǵҵֵܵģԲΥֵ飬еĻɱҡ
ҶҲǷˣﳩ˾͸ˣﳩ˵ֵܼҲṼ塣Ըʹ繲ʹ࣬Ϊ
Ҷ׺ǸжЦȻԸߣԺǾͲҪȥˣһǵĺܺãǾ뿪
ﳩæͬ⣬ѾҶ׵СܣȻȥˣҶæԷɷ˵С࣬ܽһɽ𣿡
Ƿɷͷ˾ëë꣬Ҷ׾Ͷﳩ˵ǾͺһСɽȥɡ
⼸һСݵϣϲ⣬һҶȷɵСϣﳩҲæȥ֮Ҷ׾ͶС˵ɽɡ
СϾչ߷ɣ˲˰֮Уɽ·ȥҶֶﳩ˵磬Ҫȥʰһ°ɣ
ﳩҪ뿪ҶףȻʰһ¼ﳩæ磬ԺҵְɣĻҲҪȥʰһҲøһ·
Ҷ׾˵ǺðɣԺͽﳩ磬ָһ·Сȥ
ﳩæԶһָָǵסʮ￪
ҶæС˵С࣬ȥɡ
СϾչᳯǸȥһṦ򣬾ﳩ˵סҶСﳩ˵ķ֮ϣǼ˷ȥСԭء
ﳩԼסҶҲˣǵסǱȽϵĺᣬֻǼͨķӣҲûʲôҶҲ֪ǹĲôԺˣǾͲһˣǱķǳǮΪھһ̡
ﳩҶ״Լķ䣬æ£ҶĴˣȻҪӵĹҶ׻е㲻ϰߣﳩ飬Ҳû˵ʲôԱߵʰ
Ҷ׵ȴʱȻ洫һĽ֮Ӧʲô˴˽һֹһˣǺܶˡ
ҶҲЩԾʱ˽еﳩҹɱӵˣӽҪȫɱˡ


ٰʮ ҵӶ
ﳩһǷǳĽţﳩҴҵĴӷҪȥҶæô£
ﳩֻ˵Ӧǵĳˣһҳȥƽǡ
ﳩ˵žͼҴҵĳˣҶȻûһڿǵĴ磬ҶҲųˣһѾΧ˺ܶˣЩ˽ﳩ˵ķΧסϰˣЩ˶Ӷװ磬ȻӶ
ҶҲЩ⣬ЩӶԸﳩʲôﳩֻͨӶţûʲôǮƣʱǰһͷվ˳Ҷɨһۣʵ㲻ǻʾɣ߻мλǻʾСɵ£ӶҲǻʾʵ
Ŀ࣬׶˫۸ֳĶﳩȵﳩȻ˵ɱҵ·ˣͱ뿪ˡ
Ҷ֣֪һλɱ籩ӶйˣЩǺͷһġ
ﳩҲվһҶ׾վǵĺ棬ûЩ˵ע⣬ﳩæųǷɱֵǰɱҲǱѣΪεֵܱɱ飬ұˣ㷴ұѵΪЩӶֹ𣿡
λųȴЦ˵ɱֵܣòʲô֤ôһΣͷֵܵķǰ֤ΪӶŵĴųȻҪЩӶֹǽɱ˷籩ӶеĳԱǾҪ֣ûİ취
ҶҲ֪ЩΪ˱ˣе㲻дųʲôæߵĳ˵˵ʲôˣ
æӶŵĹ£ЩСӶŶĹԽų
Ҷеˣ˭£æʵʲô
æҲֻǹǵһ¶ѣƿЩӶļ壬кܶһĹ£ҹҲеȼֻǹ֮Ͳģ˵֮ϻгϣ֮ϲĺƿسԱĲ֪Ҫǿ١
Ҷ׺Ȼ뵽һ壬ǿӶļ壬ֻ֪ǲͬһ壬ҶæʵǸʲô
æ
ҶһңҲ֪ӶӦúûʲôϵˣȻӶ壬ǱϾ½кܶĵطǵĿƣӦҲһûбǿƵӶ
ҵĻҲе㲻㶯֣ΪӽϵҺҲǶ֣᷽㶯֣ȻҵĻǲļ壬Էĵĳˡ
ʱﳩ˵ųȫվڷһˣ֪ƽ϶¸㲻ٰɣҪ𣬲Ҳô۸ġ
ЦôΪ̼ҵĹ£ѵһССӶţӶҿƵľʮҲûʲôʧ˭㶯ҵˡ
ﳩæߵֵ˵Ǽ취룬Ҫץ
⼸ҲǵͷʱҶȴ˵ΪʲôҪܣΪô𣿡
ﳩæ磬ЩʵǿȻڴǰʲôиǿˣǻ뿪ɡ
ﳩЩսҶ׼УΪĻܶ鷳
ҶȴѾҪˣЩ۸ϣȻŹǡ
Ҷ׾Ͷﳩ˵ǲõģҵˣǸҶһëҵĵˣ̸̸
ﳩסҶףҶѾȥǶһһͻȻð˳Щ֣֪Ҷﳩһ𣬾ĳСӣҹҪȻһ³
ҶЦǵĴ磬ҪɱǣҪͬⲻͬ⣿
Ҷ׵Ļ㶣Ͼ͹ЦߵҲǷ׷״ЦӴЦﳩûõļһھȻһСһǴ磬ǰӶˡ
ﳩĻȴҲû˵ʲôȴڰЦСӵţһúʰġ
Ҷײûʲôϵı仯Ǻƽʵʲô֣ʲô˵£
ȴǳ˵ʲôҲҴӵţ˵㣬ӾⷽԲ֮ڵӶĹ´ӣƹеӶţӻԹߵͷӸ˵ʱҲһС
Ҷȴ΢΢ͷԭǴӹ£ɱҵˣҸһѡҪôھ뿪Ҳɱ㣬ҪôҰɱƬײ
Ҷ׵ĻʱŽдӵĹɫࡣеĳСӣȻҿڳԣΪǵ㱾»ܵס˭ϣС£ͽһ١
ԱߵһλӾվ˵СԸԸһץǰ
Ǵӿ˿ݸ߸ӣͷȥúõʰһ٣Ҫʶôֱɱ
æ˵СһմķԸȥҶ׵ǰĴ󵶾ͽеСӣҪʰһ٣òҪҪǷĻֱӾ㡣
ҶȴЦãұֻ֤Ҫܿҵ壬Ҿ͵ˣǴá
Ҷ⻰е˴һȫǲʲôв˲鷢ֱǿЦ
ҲǹЦС̫˵ɣҲı㲻֪Լʲôˡ
Ĵȴͷ˵㻹ʲôϽȥҴſ¡
ӵõķԸϾͻŴ󵶳ҶһֱҶ׵ǣҶȴûκεĶվԭһ
ʱﳩҲǾȲѣ֪Ҷ׵ʵǿǿʵǲûΪҶ׵
ǾʱӵĴѾͷǾǲôһĿռ䣬ȻӲȥˣӴһƴ뿳ȥǴ󵶾ǱĳǿסˣôʹҲ޷¡
˼֮ﺦˣæҪԼĴ󵶣ҲĴ󵶾Ȼûа취ˣ£Ŀܶûˡ
ҧƴҪԼıûа취ֱҶһӵֱӱ˳ȥˤ˼ʮ׿⡣
ȵȥʱ򣬲ŷѾûˣһеӶĿɿڴҶ׼ֱˣûʲôȴɱӵǻʾСɵӶ
ǴӸǿĿɿڴ֪һһˣɱµḶ֪́ԼҲҶ׵Ķ֣ǲ£ΪϰӶȻҶֻһˣɱôˡ


ٰʮ ֮
˵ԼĴ磬ĺ̨ţЩµСһţͽոľַһߣҶ׽еСӣû뵽㻹Щ£ӣһɱҵˣͱ뿪ˡ
ҶЦбҲˣҪҽһͨˡ
ôӵɫѿˣϣɱǻʾСɣǻʾҲҶ׵Ķ֣Ͷ˽еҶϣ˭ɱСӣͽһ򡣡
һͽҶ͸ǮЩӶﻹһǮˣҶ׾ͶǴ˵벻ҵļǮôˣȻֵֻһң֪ϵĽƱСǶһٱЩӶˡ˵Ҷ׾ʹͳһƱһһŵģһǧôĽƱʱͽӶ۹ⶼסˡ
ôǮЩӶҲǳǵõЩҪӶᣬҲǸһʣԼµٵĿҺڶ⣬ﳩסĶǷǳĺᡣ
ﳩǿҶ־óǧĽƱҲǱˣһҲǮѽȻóˣСĶһǶǮѽ
ǳ綼˵ϵǮѽǸˡ
ҲǼ֣֪Ҷ׵ʵǿǴû뵽ǵĴôǮóǧĽƱ
Ҷ׿ЩۺӶҲ֪ǶΪǮΪҶ׾˵еӶָӣұ֤ÿ˵õʮƱ
ʮƱǴӳʮֻҪվﲻܵõˣȴҪȥƴԼпܵõһƱ˾ɵҲѽ
ҲҶ׸ˣ뵽ҶôǮȻǮˣͲһϵģһ׬ǮҲûôѽӶʱ۾ˣҪõҶϵǮƣΪ֪ҶϵǮƿ϶ԶԶֹôࡣ
ǴϾͽеҸϣץסСӣϵǮǵġ
û˶ΪЩӶս˭֪Ҷжôǿ󣬾ԼǰΪʲôҪӵڻˣǲȻʮƱã˵˭ᶯ
һ˾ȻûһˣߵҲûж˼ŭֻƭǣΪĻὫЩǮȥɡ
ЩӶе㵣ǵȷе㵣ҶƭǣҶ׿ͶԱߵﳩ˵ﳩ磬鷳㽫ЩƱֵÿһӶϣ֤˵ĲǼٵġ
ﳩȴæ˵磬㲻İɣһǧĽƱѽôˣ
ҶЦǮʲôԺ֪ˣȥǰɡ
ﳩǲΡΡһǧĽƱһҲûùôǮѽȴҪǣǰҶ׵˼ߵЩӶǰ˵ЩǮ˭ĻϾͿǮȻˣΪһĽƱʮһþǡ
ﳩ˵һٶλӶϾһϣ嵽ﳩǰʲôӣǮòɵӣܿЩ˶ճʮˣæԼǷݸˣһǧĽƱܿеӶȻһûлġ
ﳩæ˻Ҷ˵Ʊˣֻʣһˡ
Ҷ׾ЦžڴȥԷʱðɡ
ﳩͷɴûһĽƱȥԹ֪ǻһʲôĸо
ʱеӶǮˣϾͽ˳սۼһˣȻҶˣǶΪҶ׿϶һǮҿһǳеļӣôǽǲȥҶˣֻɵӲŻ顣
ڵĴӾеˣΪе˶뿪ߵҲˣ͹һ⻹ô򣬴ĶЩӶ쵰ȻҲҵָӣһȥôʰǡ
ȴû˻شĻǻŸոյõһƱʲôʱôĽƱ
ܻȴûκεİ취ѾֻһˣͲҶ׵Ķ֣ӾܣͶҶ׽еСӣţҵˣϾ͵İ֣ҿ㻹򲻣
ҶȴЦ㶼ɣжҾ٣ֻҪˡ
תҪ뿪Ҷȴ˵ô׾ˣҲûô˵ɣһ첲ߡ
һ֪ԼҶ׵Ķ֣æеСҶһëˣҵˣһ㱨ġ
ҶȴЦʲôӼҵģֵܵ˾͸ܵͷ
˵Ҷһ̧һָǴӴʧɫæƴֿʣǻûеıʣĸ첲ͱֱնϡ
۵ĲҽһæԼĶϱ룬ҶҲûȥ׷ǿ˿ΧЩӶȻһµ뷨뷨ԽԽЩ
ЩӶҶն˴һֻ첲͸ǾˣҪ֪ǻʾɵʵǰŶɱˣԼûӵĻѽҪȻľˡ
ЩӶҲ֪ߺûǲߵĺãΪҲҶ׷ڣҶ׳ֵĻЩ˸͵͵סҶ׵Ĺе˶վﲻǱŵһ
Ҷ׿΢΢һЦոҳ̫ûûйϵûг֣Ǿ͵õҵͽˣʮƱǵˣҲߣһ飬Ը뵽ҵµĻȻҪԸУҿϾ֧ÿһĽƱ⻹ֻǸոռµĵһ룬ԺÿҶṩʮƱ룬ԸԸҵ£
Ҷ׵һϯΧЩӶεǻ࿴ˣŪԼǲˣҶ׵¾һĽƱãʮ룬Ժÿһ¶õʮƱһˣ˭Ըѽ
ǲ֪Ҷ˵Ǽ٣ȻҶ׸ոѾóôǮڿɲһǧܰƽˣеҪһˣǻҶǮҲòôɡ
Ҷ׺ﳩҲǾˣôǮֱȵ۹ҪǮҶôǮ
ʱҶȴٴȡһƱһóľ͸ˣһָȣһˣҶ׾ͽһڽƱֽﳩ˵㽫ЩǮǵԸǵĻ͸һһ򡣡
ﳩòֽӹĽƱ֣붼ûЩӶǰ˵˭ԸҴ£͹Ǽһ£ȡǵһƱ
ЩӶ˲ͳ嵽ﳩǰ棬붼ûҪҶ׵£ǷƵĺûᣬ˵ǼҶ׵£ϵɽ»ҲԸѽ


ٰʮ ǵԪ
ܿһڵĳҲϷˣʱЩӶҲҶ׵ˣӵĵϾ͹Ҷ׵ǰ˵磬ԺЩ˾ǴСܣԸΪϧ
Ҷ׵ͷҲҪΪôֻҪҵָӣܹȥһЩˣǲװģ֪ҲΪǮŻңԺҶôĳŵÿһ¶ᷢǵǿԷģһûзǵĻǾͿ뿪
Щ˱Ҷ˵ȥˣǸǶҶ׳֣СС;ƿر˵Ҷֶﳩ˵ﳩ磬ԺЩ˾ͶˣǼλҲЩˣһЩˡ
ﳩе㲻ףæʵ磬ʲô˼粻Ҫ뿪𣿡
ҶȴҡͷʼҵȷҪ뿪ڸոգҸı뷨ҪҪһҪ﷢չԼҵԺǾͰչҵɣֻҵһµˣԺ󻹻¸£ǿҪҰźѽ
ԭڸոգҶ׸ıԼ뷨뵽Լȳ｣Σ｣ҲǺܶˣδضģҪԼԼôӶҲǲʵֶΪǮΪβ﷢չԼ
һҪԭǾеǮǮׯǰ͵Ǯƣǳ𶼳˼ǧڣ⻹õһ࣬Ҫǻɴ̳ĻǾһڳˣ㹻չԼ
óȥһڣֻǾţһëѣΪ˸Լ棬ҪеӶŹֻ֪Ҫ£дʵĲƸ׬Ϣܿͻᴫǧ⣬ϢڿΪӶһ޴ջ
ȻҲҪҵķһҲûʲôõģǰԵһûǿֻǶһĶֶѣһβҪ׳ԼյĿҪҵӶ飬ԺȥԸңĻ͸ˡ
ҶõĽһ˵ʵܹޣӵһֻӴ飬Ҳûʲôµġ
ﳩĻǳһϾ˷ΪǻΪҶ׵ĺǴû顣
Ҷִȡһڳ𣬽ﳩҶ˵ﳩ磬ҾһۡɣԽԽãȥҳһᣬ룬ļӶЩȫȨλ㴦ˣǮ͹ãȱľǮһܺæλҪˡ
ﳩ˼֣ڳҶ׵ĵɽǰ죬ǻΪһæµڣһڳǻΪЩӶͷ
ﳩ˸æͷﳩæģһ߾ȫļӶЩӶϢϾͻͶˣֻҪڼǣȥӣôס¡
Ҷ׵ͷǾˣҶﲢϤǰҴɣļӶʵԽǿԽãֻҪҶǣûа취Ļҡ
ﳩͷϾͷͷжﳩæҶ˵磬Ҫһȥסɣǲ򡣡
ҶҲǣҲûʲô飬͵ͷǺãҾ͸һȥﳩæһӶ˵ǾȻȥʰһԼ죬͵ɣһÿ˶סṩǵһ衣
һٶӶϾǶҶд磬Ƿ׷뿪ȥʰԼĶҪҶס
ҶҲﳩ˳֮ϣǳһҲǷǳķΪɽ棬ﷱ
Ҷһ֣ѰźʵסҶ׾͵ģһ·вٵĺ÷ӣֻе㲻ҪһҪҪҪڷķӵȷ̫ҡ
Ǿһ·ֱߵһǰҶͣ˽Ų⴦ڽֵΧȴΪûеԱߣһܴĺԺΧķǧƽף÷Ҷ׵ҪΪΧΧǽԽЧķ
ĺԺĴſڣд˼֣̽ԪҶ׿⼸֣Ͼʵ磬Ԫʲôˣ
ﳩæ˵磬ԪɲһԪԪ˧ԪǧͳһλԪѫ
Ҷ׵ͷԭסĵطȻЩƣôû˿أ
ﳩȴҡͷ֪ѽԪǼǰˣڼǰԪȷǺ£ΪǺȥˣԪ⣬䣬ĺȴһЩļһҵʼ˥䣬ټϺļԪ̫󣬽ǵڸˣԼλ궼Ԫ˲ȡ˴ѹǲܲ˵ԪһѾǼҵ䣬֮Ҳûʲô˳ˣ˵ѾΪ۸ЩߣټԪסĵطһҲҹʡ
ҶһϲæЦⲻǵҾҪԪˣȥԪĺϵһҪǮǾǣ㲻á
ﳩȴеԥҶ׿飬ʵ磬ʲôҪ˵𣿡
ﳩæ磬ʵոһû˵꣬Ԫ֮ûȥһҪԭ򡣡
Ҷæ˵ɣʲôԭ򣿡
ﳩæһֱҪۡ˸ҹʡ
ҶҲǳһǸӶΪʲôҪȻҪˣΪʲôû򣿡
ﳩæңҲ˴ţ˵ҺԪ˥кܴĹϵһֱ۹ӶǺ͹վһģԪΪԪĺΪԲźԣΪûԪԪĺ˺ܿͰۡǾԲǵĳңҷҪԪסԺӣвˣ˭ҪǸĻǺԣլҲû˹ʡ
Ҷ⣬æЦȻңҾ͸ҪˣҲҪҶŸ𣿾ʹլӿʼɣȥԪĺˣҪǵ̸̸
ﳩе㵣ĵ˵磬𣿡
Ҷ׵ͷʲôʱҿЦھʹȥԪĺ˰ɡ
ﳩŸæ˵ԪĺﲻԶһլӡ


پʮ Ԫ۹ķ
Ҷ׾͸ﳩһµլǰլӱԪҪºܶ࣬ȴС˼װҲΪͨһļס࣬Ԫĺ˾סķӡ
ﳩæǴſڶһͯ˵鷳һС磬Ҵǰү̸Ԫһ£Сæͨ
ͯǳᣬʮ꣬ǳԾĿ˿Ҷ׵ˣе㲻ţͯǵͷǾŰɣϾү㱨
Ҷ׵˾ſڵţܿ죬ͯˣܿ˵ү뼸λȥ̸
Ҷ׵˾߽ǽȥ֮濴ȴǷǳͨķӣûκεݻװΣЩطȻһЩ𣬶ɣĸۡˣֻмλͺܴһЩ£Ҷһû
ǳĺ棬ѵһȻһû𣿵ۡãҶ׾ͼһλӣʱſصǷֱվӵԣעҶ׵ˡ
ﳩæȥڵ˵ﳩǷ籩ӶųԪ
ɫƽòҲһ֮࣬ǵԲ˫Ʋֻ֮ȴһЩ֮УǱʲôһֱѹš
ﳩĻɫҲ΢΢һ䣬ʲô籩Ӷûôע⣬ΪǧӶţλԪȻע⵽ʵˣﳩȴֻǻʾڵʵʵضǣʲôԼҵĸۡ
ԪΪҵģΪ򣬿ڲ֪ôһ£ƢٺҲˣλԪͺȵֻһǻʾӶһӶųԱֲʲôӣǮƹҵҪǱˣϸ뿪
ԪҪ뿪ߵҲȥﳩ˽е뿪ǲˡ
ʵȴ൱˵ãǶǻʾ۷ʵóӦԪĸˣҲֻʣָӵˡ
ﳩæЦүˣҪҵĴҪүȵҴ˵仰ɡ
ԪŻعͷ˿ﳩʵ˭磿
ﳩæָָߵҶ˵λҴ磬Ҫ
ԪҶףɫѿΪҶֻʮҵͣⲻЦԪɫһ䣬ϾͶ˵Ǻȥ
˵ͳ־ҪȥץҶ׵죬ǵʵԸﳩǲֵ𣿿ǵһȥץҶ׵ʱȻԼôȻҶ׵壬·һ
λҲǻʾ۷ʵһмǧǾȻûҶףǳĳԾȥץҶ׵֣ͼ뽫ߣûץҶ׵֣ԼֵǱҶ׸ץסˡ
æзһȭͳҶ״ҶͬӳһƣֱӽֵȭͷץסˣһץסҲûˣ˫ֱҶס֮ɫѿƴѣжûа취Ҷ׵ѡ
Աߵһλһͬ鱻ץæȥȵſ˵һȭֱӺ
ҶײûзſȻֱӵȴŶԷȭͷȭͷݺݵҶ׵֮ϣȴ־һͭǽϣȭͷһʹ֮æջȭͷæȡԼıҪ
ǾڴʱߵԪȴеס֡
ԪĻϾͲˣҶҲſ˫֣ɫеѿǹԹԵ˵Ԫߡ
ʱԪѾһ۹ڿҶˣΪȻ˷ǳĲʵĵݣԪҪ֪ġ
ԪæҶ˵ոҵµ֮£Сմĸĵӡ
Ҷ׼ԪôҲ֪Լ¶ĹЩԾˣҶ׾ЦֻһոԪߣҵļ˵Ҳһ֪ǲ˵ˣֻĸۡǮ˵үӦ
ԪһģҲһ㣬Ǳģ²ԼĸۡɣΪڣ˭Ҵ⡣
ԪæҶ˵λ°ɣġ
ԪҲеįˣԪû˸ҽӽˣΪҺͻһֱڼֻҪ߳˱ˣ˺ܿͻᱻҺͻ˸ֱɱˡ
Ҷ׾Աߵλﳩ˾վߣȫˣԪʱ˵Сֵܣէ֪ܲԪ飬֪ۡһЩĻ֮Ͳˡ
ҶЦ֪үĻʲô˼֮ǰѾ˵ˣۡ⣬ҵǰ⣬ֻϣүܴӦǣүΪҵġ
ԪҲǳһæ˿ﳩﳩҲæүҽҺү֮ĹҲ˵ˣҪ򡣡
ﳩĻԪҲǵͷСֵܣǰҵҲֲܴһˣҿ㻹ǲҪ˵ĺãɱ֮ǰЩҪҷӵˣҪôǱϳ۹ҪôǱɱˣҲϣСֵܻ³
ҶԪ˵֪ﻹǷǳһλе֮ˣֻʵûа취Ҷ׾ЦүģѾ˵ˣҵûзϣʵүɣոһҵӶ֮ļһٶλҵߣ˵һ𣿡
Ҷ˵ԪɫһˣһӾ;Ҷ׾һӵǿ󱳾ļӣҪȻôȥļҵӶǿǺԡ
ԪæСֵܣ֪ĺ𣿡
ҶЦȻ֪֪ĻһʵԸңһ𣿡
õҶ׵Ŀ϶𸴣ԪϲõõϢһ˸ҳҽпˣôļҿһֱòκεԮ벻һ˾Ȼ
ԪҶ׿϶ǴĵӣҲûʲôģæЦȻǱȻԸ⽫㣬۸ɲƣ֪ҵҼĲҵ򲻵ѣҲ᲻ġ
Ҷ׵ͷүģǮүܿںˣҾԲۣ⻹һ飬Ǿ֮ҲһֱԼһʱһǻỹүģϾүҵ


پʮһ ˫Ǯ
Ԫһ𾪣벻Ҷ׾Ȼ˵ƵĻܽˣԪһο϶Ҷ׾ͨӣֻϧ֪ʲô塣
ԪæСֵܲҪȻҲۣǼȻѾĻԲСֵܾס¾ǡ
Ҷ׼˵Цү̸һ¼ǮɣǮ̸̸ġ
үͷǺðɣѾǧʷˣ滹һЩĶҶûȡͶ͸Сֵˣڼ۸Ҳֻ˵ˣʮöСֵܾΣ
Ҷһ۸ȴе⣬ˣôҲֻҪʮöȻΪҪʮö
ֻүǮ˿ȴǷǳĸˣҪ֪һöֵһڳѽʮöʮڳһӴĿ¾һһҲûôࡣ
ԪҶЩı飬ΪҲӹˣеԼ˵̫ߣʵѾôߵļ۸ˣرҶ׳ҵĶ֣ԪҲԸҶס
Ԫæ˵СֵҪӹĻǺҪͰ˿ɡԪһӾͽ۸񽵵˰˿飬һܴĽۡ
ֻҶ׵˼ҶæҡҡͷүҲ˼Ҳûү۸󣬶۸еˣǧʷһүһֱסĵط۸ȻͬһסլҲռүıˣɣҳʮүүԵĻھͿԽ񽻸㡣
һֵүˣҶײۣˣһһѽǿǶʮڳ𣬾Ҳе㲻˼飬ԪҶĺеˣҶ׳է֪飬ֻŻӻԼĲƲԪǲϣҶΪҶһǰ;ˣĻֻǰ̡
ԪæСֵܣһǷǳǮǱʵʵ˵ЩǮӦöģԼģȻСֵ˼۸ǾԵĺ£ǱԼ棬Сֵ¿ǰɣո˵ˣö͹ˡ
һֵҶеúЦˣԼǮ˼ң˼һҪҲλԪƷܺãԵ˾ӣﳩǾ͸Ǿò˼ˣǼĽף˫Ϊ̧ԼģǷ׷׽Լ档
Ҷ׾ЦүģЩǮԼãͼûκεĹϵҿԱ֤ʮ˵٣ҲֻһСְˣүʹ󵨵°ɣԺҲүģ͵ǽˡ
⻰˵ѽүʱͱҶ׸жˣͷСֵ˵黳ϷǸжѣȻǱˣԺҪʲôܹģԻ㡣
ԪȻǱҺͻѹƣǱϾүЩģҶ׾æԺдүʱھͽʮϡ
Ҷ׾ʹɽ֮ȡ˶ʮöԪǰԪʵĶʮöϺõ۾еоʪˣΪûм񣬶ǡǡӵкܶ񣬿ȴһУҶ׳ߵļ۸Ҳòô
ԪҲҶǺǮˣȡôܲǮæЦǾͶлСֵˣĵ㡣
ԪʹȡһŵҶ׵˵ԪĵڿʼԪˣϷ˵һʵ󡣡
Ҷ׽ӹæ˵үʲô˵ɣһհ졣
Ԫ˵СֵܣԪģǧˣԪңҲµģϣСֵܱңԵĻͲҪȡˡ
Ҷһ飬æүģҪȡ£һе᲻أԪ⼸ֶɣһµģ˵ˣԺһὫԪүҪκεĲ⣬үԸĻϣүҲܺһסԪԺǽҲܶˡ
ԪҶܴӦҾͷǳмˣû뵽Ҷ׾ȻҪҲסȥԪæҡͷããѾˣô˼סȥԲԡ
ҶȴЦүкβɣⱾҵģֻʱöѣסȥҲ̹Ͼլӣһסȥδؾס̹ˣүĻȻûôĹǣҲүѣܵү
ԪȻǸˣԼõһʲСĲƲõһ˵ĳ˵ıǳ
ԪæͷܺСֵܳΪǱң֪Сֵôƺ
ҶæҶͯү
ԪȴæҡҡͷʲôүүģүƺҲֻǸЩɵģԴưɣΣ
ҶЦȻԣСܻˡ
ԪæסֵҶͯܣ㻹֪ôǵһҺԵˣҲǵһԪˣԪ۹е˶ңû뵽ϷܵõһСֵܡ
ҶæЦİɣԺҺʹͬһϵˣһԸңҸϳԪ۹
ԪȴǺǺЦҶͯ˼Ҳ̫ˣֻͺܺˣûܽǸϳȥ
ҶȴЦԺڣҾͻԸģֻܺһֶԸҾˡ
ԪȴЩɫСܣ֪ңǻҲڴѹңԵǿĶ֡
ҶȴЦѾ֪ˣǻ岻ǹ𣿵ԺСܰ㽫λô
Ԫɫʱһ䣬æҶͯ⻰ɲҪ˵ԼˣûйϵҪǻˣɱ֮ġ
Ҷ˭һССĻ壬æ粻ҪСֵģôˣԺҲùԹԵǵĻҿҪһȥԪסɡ
ԪæЦǴͲˣ˵ʵ绹ȥأֻΪͷ׾ݡ
˵ҶϾͽӵȻҴˣԺҪĿЦˣԪҲͲˣɴ磬͵СʹǮƣ˳ͽסڴ
ҶϾͽԪһ°ԪӶжҪѽҶһ仰Ĵ󷽣治һܹġ
ҶͯܣԺҵĺֵܣǸɴͽݺˣֵΣԪҶһٵĸжϾ˵ҪҶ׽Ϊֵܵ뷨ҶҲе⣬ԸԪΪֵܡ
ǾͽΪֵܣڿʼҴ磬Сڴ˰ݹ硣


پʮ Ҷ׵ƻ
ҶһʼȻҲԪԴƣûнݵģȻϵһڽˣǾֵˣѣҶϾͰݹԪԪͬҶһݣʽͳֵ塣
ԪæȻ֮ʽеˣǾ͹ˣҪʲôڵĶǰҲһЩ˽ݹǽôһѣ֪㵽ȥˣԴָĿأԺҲκˣֻҶͯһֵˡ
Ԫ˵ﻰЩ룬κεѶ뿪ˣΨһܺһľˣС͸ߣǳҪãҪֵԱߣԪƶ֧Ųڡ
Ҷæﳩ˵磬ھͻԪҺʹҪסȥҲһסԪɡ
ﳩ˸Ǽ֣˭뵽ܹסԪߵĵطζûɣﳩ˸æǰ·Ҷ׺Ԫһ뿪Լס
ȵϣʱ˫۾Щ۾˾ȾǾȣǴûмһܹԪߵô˵ʲôݣѵͲ±Һͻв
Χ˶׷վۿоҵ˺ͻˣϾͽϢԼϴֻʱҶ׸Ͳǣ෴ҪЩ֪ԺסԪԪΪֵˡ
Ҷ׺ԪԪϾͶﳩ˵磬µЩӶһͰǰԪΧûҺʹ룬˭Ҳ̤Ԫһ
ﳩæȥ졣
Ҷ˵쿪ʼӦкܶӶǰͶˣúýӴǵʵṩ꣬ٸһڳȥΪոǵӶ𡣡
ҶͳһڽƱﳩﳩæȥȥˣԱߵԪҲ̾˵ܹȻǴֱѽһ־һڳ𣬶ҪնӶ
Ҷ׺Ȼʵ磬֪һжӶ
Ԫ˵ʮɡ
ҶȴЦЦҲʮ򣬲಻࣬ҲҪô£ܽеӶչ
⻰Ҫ˵ƽʱĻû˻ŵģҶ˵ĻԪҲҪżˣ˵ܣҪܶĲƲṩôı𣿡
ҶæֻҪԸǮ⣬ǹҪ취С
ԪҲǹЦ˶һ´򲻹𣿿ԪҪˡ
Ҷ׺ԪһԪԪԼסķ͸Ҷ׾סҶ׵Ȼͬ⣬ҪԪԼסԼķ䣬ԪĸھסҶϾûƷȥļһЩˣһЩҪƷЩƷȥˡ
Ҷ׾ҹԪϯ̸Ԫһֱܺ棬Ԫķ䣬̸
磬˵ǴԪӢۣ𣿡
Ԫε̾˵͵֪ͽҼ¸˵˵ɡ
Ԫ˵꣬ӦһǧǰɣǵԪ۹Ԫ۹ֻǼ۹һ½أҲһĵ۹޼ΪαΧĵ۹̾ᣬͿʼϷ½أʱһλվ쵼ԭסֿеԣļսսʤеߣԪ۹۹־Ǽġ
Ҷȴеʣæ磬ȻԪ۹ϴģΪʲôԪ岻ǻ壿
ԪȴǿЦΪһλ¸صˣΪ˵ֿΧǿߣҪȫȥϾͽڽڵĻ壬ǹ۹ʵڿ۹ΪûϵĻ۹ϾͻԪ۹
ҶˣΪʲôԪ᲻ǻ壬ڵĻ˶ԴԪ壬ֱ塣
ҶҲŭ˵ʲôƨ壬ǵĻλǴӸǵģǻҪȻڴѹ磬Ļ͸ýˡ
ԪҲǿϧ˭˵ǣ֪ϾԲὫλøǵģ˭ϵԺء
Ҷæʵܹܸ·ǿߣʵһ˵ˣǺôأ
ԪЩˣ˵黹ҪӼǰ˵սʤЩеʱʵѾﵽʥˣǺﶼѴﵽľ磬һ͸ǲˣ벽ʥ߶ûдﵽȥҵȡ
Ҷʥ򾳵ʱҲǷǳĳԾʥ򾳵ȷΪֹܹʶǿˣȻ滹кüߵľ磬Щмܴﵽأ
Ԫ˵Ǹʱֵĳ羴͵ǵĹһ㣬ʵϻ弸˶޲ݣûκεһ֮ġڼ֮ͻʥ򾳴֮ʱȴ⣬Ҳ֪ΪΣûܹһ쿲Ԫǲ֪룬۹Ҳֳ˾޴ľţΪϵţǶЩǵ۹ҲʱʽԪ۹ѸٵţȻǵõ˻֧֣ܿƿ۹Ӷ
ΪǿЩҲûмԪ۹⣬ҲǻΪҪҵԭɣҪһǿĺ̨֧ǵĻλá
Ȼ˻幮̵λȴԪ۹޶ȽеӶȫȡǵĳԱΪӶᣬŵ۹ӶÿһӶŶո߰ĻѣĻͻᱻǿƵӶɽĻᶼûУΪɽĽҲǰѳ֡
˵⣬Ԫ̾ϢҽԪ۹ǵ֮£ܶӶӷǳѹǵһСά֣ͳһЩӶż뿪Ժ۹ҲһЩطӶңϾͽѹԱҵӶɱۣûκεܶ˾뵽Ԫ壬ԪҸϳԪ۹ԪȻԸʵ֮ǰǾںǻܺǴƽ֣ΪǸʱǵʵǿǵ˺Ϊƫ̻Ǽıҵȴ죬Ǽ֮мλǿߣԪ彥УһֱĶ֮󣬾͵һҪҲάֵĵزˣ˵ǲ
ҶԪҲǷ߿壬Ӧϳ޶ӦñģԺ֣һὫǴܣԪ۹Ĺ


پʮ 
Ԫȴҡҡͷҵû룬ֻ뽫ǵļܹ׳ԸҾˣҸ롣
Ҷȴôܲ룬Ӧ룬ܿǾͻķǳǿ㵽ʱ֪ˡ
ԪҲЦЦٻЩˣҶ׸æһЩĻ⣬Ԫ顣
ڶ죬Ҷ֮뿪ųǵһһΪԺռˣȺһֱŵ˽ͷǱߣм
Ҷ׸æҵȺǰæµﳩ˵Щڸ
ﳩæЦ磬ˣҪļǵģھͶˡ
ҶҲһҪļˣҲû뵽һӾôˣæôˣһû뵽
ﳩȴæЦ磬⻹ֻǵһأԴԴģƽ볬ǧˡ
֣ҶҲǴϲæ˵ˣǮĻø㡣
ﳩæҵǮ϶ˣҸṩӶɱȴٶˡ
ҶæôУǻ𣿡
ﳩȴЦ磬Ȼûдô࣬ҳļ۸񶼱ҵӶһɵҲӦѽΪʲôĻǾܹļˡ
Ҷ˷ܲѵ磬鷳ˣԺ϶Ҫ鷳㡣
ﳩȴһﻰн죬ǿ磬ҪȻһССǻʾڣվļЩҸǿ𣿡
ҶҲежæ磬ģǼʵһᾡģвٵĵҩ֤ǵʵǡ
Ҷкܶ鵤ЩòϵģΪʵѾǿЩͨĵҩѾûʲôˣǶﳩǵֵ˵ЩͶǱˣܹǻʾ׶ĸ졣
ﳩȻǸмǾͶлˣСһȫԸô罻κ顣
Ҷ׵ͷæʲôңҾ档
Ҷ׸ҪȥͿԪˣԪҲǰˣæʵ͵ܣЩʲô
ҶЦǾҵµġ
Ԫ𾪵ôࣿ͵ҪܶǮˡ
粻õģǮ˵⣬ǸոտʼиӶǰֻĻҪЩӶһܴˣ֪ûȤҹһǡ
ԪϾͼ˵͵Ը⣬ȻʲôԪûˣ͵ܰļôˣҵȻԸǣ㱣֤һὫѵһ֧ǿľӣԿҡ
Ԫ֧֣Ҷ׾ȫˣҪô˽϶ãԪרŹӵļ壬Ǽ൱ľ飬ЩӶٺʲˣҶæЦ˴С֧ûжþͻˡ
˶ǳĸˣԪ֮£ֲ鿴ЩӶʵȻβ룬ʵǲģЩӶ֮һˣһΪļӶ۸ܸߣڶΪļĵصȻԪҲúܶ˷ǳĺ棬ۿԪˣҺһ˴ĻȣǾţԺǾԾԪˡ
ܳΪԪ£ҲǺܶ˵ԸֻǰԪûа취ǣǲűȽҵļԪˣȻǶϣΪ֪Ԫһǳеµ쵼ߣңֻȡᡣ
ļһֱڽŵĽУҲﳩ˵ļиӶǰӽһ춼ûа취ϢˣҶҲǷǳĸˣ룬ǸǸʲôӡ
磬ҿҲҪ˰ɣЩ˴඼ˣڶˣǿ϶ҲԲˡҶ˵
Ԫæ͵˵ǣ飬绹еģĺģǿҪļӶ϶Ӧ˵ͻ˵ң͵ܻСĵá
Ҷ׵ͷѾˣѾвٵˣǸҵĻҲûʲôùӸǳԡ
ԪЩĵȻЩӶѾ£ǱϾǸո㻹ǲ̫˽⣬ûʲô֣ɳĻͲ̫ðˡ
ҶȴЦҲãһʶʶĸжǿ㲻õˣúõҾˣԸа취
Ҷ˵а취ʵҲԼԸʵܽܶ鷳˵֮ʱ鷳Ȼˡ
ӶȻһֶңܶӶһɢ˳ȥڴſھͳ˳֮Ҷæ磬Ļ׼ھˣǳȥɡ
Ҷ׾ͺԪߵԪĴſڣһ۾ͿԪվ˺ܶˣЩԲļģԸǵģΪֳڣںԪš
Ҷ״ſһ£м֮࣬Լļȣǲ˲٣ǵʵȴǲǻʾڣкܶǻʾڣвǻʾɣмλǻʾ۷壬⼸λǻʾ۷һεͷߡ
ŵҶ׵˳ˣæȥ磬Ԫҵǰҡ
ԪϾʹȵҵ߹ǸԪ£ҹȥ
ԪȻѾǰԪˣڣԪ۹İջӣԻҶҶ
ֻһЩҵûнǰļλֻ࿴һۣмλ˵ԪȻԪӶᣬΪ۹Ӷ쵼ߣȻҪ鿴ô£Уڵ۹ûоҵͬ⣬ǲļӶԪΥ涨ԪҲҪԴ¸𡣡
Ӷһλߣʵǿǻʾ۷壬ȻҵĵλӦûǳϼˣͬͲСʵҲͣǵҲڼʮ֮ϡ
ԪȻЦСԪ۹ʲôʱҵˣԪ۹Ӷûʲô涨Ҫͬ⣬ǿѹͷϵģûκεݣԪԪ۹ĴߣԪҪļӶҪͷǺЦϾ͸ҹĻҲˡ
ԪĻ˵ķǳеҲ˵˺ܶ˵ȥˣֻڵԪѾǰԪˣ⼸ָûз
ӶͷȴЦԪʵ˵ңϷ컹һԪǸӣҪϷ򲻸˵ĻҲһįõӰˣʲôõģﲻļӶٲֹͣĻ˵ԪˣԪҲһ¡


پʮ ޴ջ
ԪǻΪԪȻһҵǳ⣬ʱҶǰ˵ϼһĺǷѽ
û˵꣬Ҷ׵һʧǵǰϾ˼žžžǾȵʱǾȻֿҶվԪߡ
ͬ˵ȴһסԼһյӣٿѾǺˣһе˶ţѵոڳǻʾ۷ֵĶ⡣
ʵҲ֤ǵƶϣе˶ˣոжѽҵλϾȻûзӦҪǸոҶɱĻǾ׾ٵˡ
ҶʱȴǶ߾ֵԪ˵磬ϼһ̫ˣѾ⡣
ԪżʶҶʵҪգҶ׺Լ½֣ȻҶױҲǿҲûǿزҳϣǻʾ۷弶𣬱˼⣬ȻȫûзӦ
ԪЦ͵ܴĺãĺѽһǰһˣʵӵˣôһ
ԪԾΧ˾͸˵ˣǶסˣһʱ䲻ܽ飬Ҫһλ֣߳Ҳܹ⣬Ϊǿߺ滹ǿߣǴǻʾ۷ֵֻһʮСһЩûа취ˡ
˵ʵжǿǺܶ۵Ļ⣬ʱǱҳҲûܹ裬ɫ࣬ȴҲǳ֣ոҪҶɱĻǾǶֵ飬ԼӦûʱ䷴Ӧ
ҶûѡɱлзˣλҳϾͶҶ׽еСӣҶ֣ҷҪ㡣
ҶЦҪûˣбµĻҲ㼸⡣
ҳϱҶ׵ĻסˣΪܹ֪˵ʵ֮ϣҪȻܽԼǱϾԼϣҪΪԼ
ɣе˶ϣһץסۡ
ҳֱӾԼΪԼˣɾվߵˣ˶֪ոҶ׳жôĿ죬ǾվܵߣȴҲûпҶô֣ҪǰȻˡ
˶ԥԥûȥ˾͸˵ˣϴ󶼲ϣǻһ°ܸˣϣ˭ҲϵĻȥһӶ𶼷ˡ
һ仰ϾЩӶһ⣬һӶǻôЩӶǷǳĲҲ˵ɺϴҲֻöźֵ˵Ҹϣ˭ҪǺ˵ĻҲ
Ȼеȴ޷ãЩ˿ɶΪǮҲΪǮҲҪܼ취УϾ͸Ŀڵ˭ҪץסСӣͽһ򡣡
ĻҪƽʱҲãǽ죬ĻǳһЦˣЩӶ֪Ҷóʮ𣬶ϼһȻǸһҲ˼Ӷ˽
ﳩ˿ɾͲĻˣﳩæ˵ֵǣҲΪǮģҸǵӶٵĿһҪǸΪҪ˷ԼҴԪߣǵӶϺüֻҪڼ룬ÿ˾ܻʮҪǲŵĻͿϵĳɶǻʵĽӣոЩӶǴȡӶѵǾͲҪ𣿡
ﳩĻ˵Щ˵ȥˣЩӶ˵Ԫ˸߼ļӶֻûлһǴ£ЩģǵȻĶˣټﳩһܶѾı뷨ȻûվѾ˽ͶҶˡ
ǣǸһ굽ͷҲŪԪֻҪܵõʮΪβȥͶ
˵ǣҪھȥͶҪôģȻ˼˵һˣҲûȤˡ
ܿһӶˣԽԽ󣬺ܿһͬҶ׵£ʱҲЩҪԼˣϽе췴ɣ˭ҪǸ췴Ļɱ
ܴĽ£ĻȴЩ˼ᶨ뿪ľģһʹӺȥȥԸҶ׵ģȥﳩģǸȥġ
ﳩϲæЦⱨÿһ˿ɻʮϷţϷš
һͶҶ׵ӶԼֱϣﳩϾ͸ʮʵʵǮѽһ˻˳𣬼еӶ˹ȥǺµǳûˡ
ҵӶҶ׸ˣڻ˭ȥˣҲЩģΪҵĵλҲұԲûжȥͶҶס
ǴеǶһһ˭ҪǲĻϾɱ
ʱ˭ĻҶ˸߲ҵԼĳһϲѪˣʱﳩȴֽе˭ʵǿܶӶǻʾߣӶ𷭱ѷ
⻰˵ߵģһ޴ջˣһҲôˣЩӶõʮۺˣﳩĻǵӶҪһҲҲˡ
ϾͶɵ˵ֵܣҪһȥɣеǮѽ
Ҳһ뷨ҲͷҲȥǡֿ˿ܣ˼
ȴϾ˵ֵ̫ˣһߣ̵ʲôôˣһΪ춼ҲûеõʲôβͶԪǡ
Ļ˵ɵһҧҲ˵Ǻãһȥ
ؾ͵͵ĳﳩķȥܿʼҲûע⣬ԼһᱳԼģǵͷһ¶ܵﳩȥˣϾ˵磬˵𣿡
ﳩΪľǹϾЦȻģ˵ʵǻʾɣǾܵõʮĳÿ¶ʮӶô𣿡
һôĳ۾ˣæͷǼ룬Ǽ롣
ϾıԼ֣ҲдԼ֣Ҳõ˼Ҷ׵Ķʮ
ϲĿĳ𣬾ܴͽǸұӣͳͳȥϻüĻǶٻˡ


پʮ ҵǿ
Ҳûл˵ˣʱЩ˻ȥҲȥˣ˵вˣʱҶ׾Ͷ˵㻹ɲҵˣϾ͸ҹҪȻҾͽӳȥ
ܿҶ׷ŵͷҲֱˣҶ׵Ķ֣Լȫˣȥ𣿡
ߺҶ׿ֶôӶɫҲǺܿĵ˵ԺҲԼĶЩ˻ܶġ
ԪҲǸ˵û뵽ͽЩҵ˶ļˣǳԤѽ
ҶæЦֻһܼ򵥵ĵЩ˵ǶΪǮģǮ࣬ȻʵЩǿ󣬿ǾջûжǿģԺҪҺúõѵˣҲҪΪǮҵ£ҪΪǵ쵼Ը£ǿ
Ԫæ̾͵һɲһܹ˵ģҲܿ͵ܵ쵼ˣ㱣֤һҪúõѵǣٴˡ
ļУ滹кܶӶǰЩ춼ˣҶ״ļӶʱԪ۹һͷȴ¾ܴҴææϻȥ֮ҵĳԺȨʵԺУڳԺϣҵ峤
ҲԺһĽɫǸԺλȵģԺʵľλˣʵУʵ벽ʥֻһ֮ңʱͻƣʵոͻư벽ʥߣȴѾﵽ˰벽ʥߴɡ
Ԫ۹ҪȻλ֮ϣҵ峤ⰺʵ˵ʹϲ¡
ܻصԺֱӾȥλˣλڼȴܵϢǻһ
ϣ㿴һСܱܲץ˵Цһʵ
ȴЦҲǻʾ۷ʵߵʵҲǻʾɣץһСӦûκε⡣
æҵǲҵĵСӵݣʲôˣǲȴ鲻κϢӦģĵӣ᲻֮ķ
ȴæ϶ˣСӸҵĵļӶңҾɱҲȫɣǲûҪҪץʣٿǲҪɱ
ҲǵͷҲǻʲôӣܵ˲Ҫܻ˵ɡ
֮ʱȴҴҵĴ˽ϿɫȴǳѿЩ죬ǻû˵ܾ͹ǵǰ˵λϣˣСӽȫļȥˡ
ܵĻ϶ǴһϾͺǳ˵ˣôˣ
ܸæ˵ϣҴȥץСӣû뵽Сӵµ˵߼ļǣҵЩ¾ջȫܵȥˣҪܵĿ죬ҶҪץˡ
һϵɫ䣬Ͼʹ㻹ҵȫˣ㻹˼ɱ㡣һ֮¾Ҫ֣ȴסˡ
æϲҪŭһЩӶеǣǻŪô£
Ͷ︴˵ȥ˵κһϸڶҪ©
Ÿæղŵľˣλ϶ǾȣҶСС;ǳԾǣҶ׵ʵȻﵽľ磬︴Ȼ︴ûзӦ
æ˵ϣҿ˷ͬСɣ㲻þĸԸǵģļӶΪľԺԸǣҿҪĽС
Ҳǵͷͬ˼︴⣬ʵҲеһƴˣҿһξȳ°ɣܾʹԼȥĻҲˡ
еȻˣæλģСһСסλ紦ãҵҪж
ȴæܻҪСһ㣬СЩ죬ҿôöԸģʲôĻͻ취
Ļ費ˣæѵǻҵʵȻûͻư벽ʥߣҲһˣԸһСӻʲô⣬ڼеҵϢɡ
ı֤Ҳûʲô˵ˣϾȥټԼǰȥ׽Ҷˡ
ʱҶ׺ԪҲ̸ңԪĽҶҲ֪ҵҪԱʵĹƣԼһ˵޷ԸôǿߣҲûеģȡʤ򲻹İ취Ҹƣת
̸֮ʱҲ˹Щһ˵ֱӺԪе˶ǻʾ֣ЩҪǿܶ࣬ȻǳԪ
ǳȥ֮ͿҶ׺Ԫһ軹ǵһμҶף֮ʱҲǳһȻ֪ҶһˣҲûԼô𾪣Ͼһ˵ʵʹ˴󶯸ɸ꣬Ҳ֪һ֮ˡ
ҲԪϾһЦ˵ԭԪҲû뵽ԪȻ˱˵ĸˡ
Ҷ׿ϣʵȴǷǳ˵ãҲ֪ݲͣæʵ磬һ˭
Ԫæҵ裬ʵǿƺܿͻư벽ʥˡ
ҶЦǿҪͻƣҲûͻѽûʲô˵ģСʰɡ
ԪȻ֪ҶʵǿҪԵҵ裬ǵҶףԪæ͵ܲżˣҲҶԴôôԸ
Ҷæ磬һĿûнֺαظļһûȤ绹ɡ
ԪҲǣǶȵ裬ԪҰĵطϾ͸ҳȥ
ȴЦʲôƨԪ㻹ΪԪֻһûκα£ûκİܼӰˣǸ嶪˼˵ԪˣҶΪ㺦
Ԫŭ裬ͷŸɾ㣬ȻˣԪˣݾǱҸ߹ʲôҹȥȻĻҾͲˡ
ȴȻЦԪ㲻ҲˣΪץСһģùԹԵվﲻҪ£ץˣҲûˣǰĻһץˡ


پʮ ϶ľ
ԪеңͲԪ۹аնҷץҵĻԪ۹İûһ˻ͬ⣬֪İжôǿ󡣡
ԪɲŻģҵ˾ΪŲҶԪ֣ĻôԪڡ
赱Ȼ֪Ҳֻ˵˵ѣҲȥץԪϾڣҾбҲҺ۹İԡ
Ц㲻㿿ɽ𣿲Ҳû£ϷСһͱˡ
ҶȴȻվЦܣʲôʱ˵Ҫ𣿾ΪϼһǿЦҿܵӦ㣬ڲܵĻûˡ
Ҷ׵ĻǴЦЦСӣǿĿѽҴûĿ˵СӣΪе㱾¾˲ˣҵǰ㻹ǲ񡣡
𣿹Ǵ˾֪ˣб¾ͺҵΣҶЦ
ҲǱҶƣǳŭЦãģһԴСȻҾͳȫɡ
ҶЦڵʱˡ
ʱе˶ΪҶһѺΪ֪ʵԪ۹ǰʮλǿߣҶӦҲĶ֡
ĵĵȻﳩǺԪˣﳩҶ׵ߣҲ˵Ԫæվ˵͵ܣ㲻ܺʵǿҿְɡ
ԪʵȻûǿҲǻʾ۷弶ĸ֣ҶȴЦ磬ԸĻɫͲˣСܾͿʰˣԱ߿Ϸɡ
ԪҪ˵ҶȴѾ˳ȥǰν˵ϰɣʲô¾ʹҪʱҴ˾˵㻹оûʹǸʱˡ
ϾЦСӣҲɱ㣬Ϸһɱ㡣
ţΪʵҪͻư벽ʥߣһСһﶼòµĻǰ벽ʥ߾̫ûˡ
Ҷ׼ºڣЦȻ㲻Ҳðɣ˵ռ˱ˣɡ
Ҷ׾ͳ֣豾ͲˬǲˬֱӳҶһ
һˣǿĹɣ⻹ֻûʩչκȴѾܹһռ䣬γһĹֱҶ׵塣
ҶȴҲûжܣͬĳһƣͬûʩչκεһƣ˫Ӱڰ֮Ȼһ죬һǿըҲòΪǿײò˺סΡ
Ҷȴվһûһ㣬վ֮󣬼Ҷ׾ȻûжϾѿˣΪһƾҶ˵أҶײˣ˵Ǳˣ˺û˺󣬶ԼȴѾ˺Ѿˡ
е߳ŭˣԼȻܸһСĶ֪˵ҶЦϼһôɫôѿʵҲܽסһƣûѾܲˡ
豾ͷǳŭҶԼŭɣϾͽеСһոϷ⣬𣿡
ҶȴЦϵ˵ûйϵҪڶٴҶӦһܻܲңһǿҪģҸҶ𣿡
һ⻰ϾʹϷʲôҵģѵϷС˵ɣôģ
ҶæҸģˣҲץȥеĲƲӶģô
һⲻѽҲʡ£æСӣ͹ԹԵĸϷ߰ɣĲƲҲϷġ
Ҷȴֵһû˵أҪأ
Цҿ䣿ҪΪոռ˵˾ΪӣϷ㣬ϷĶ֡
һҪô죿Ҫ뵽һɡҶȴƤЦ˵ȫûǸӡ
ã˵ɣʲôϷӦǡǳĵ⣬ΪһҪһδսȻԪûʲôˣļôӶҪҶ׷ĻҲһʱ飬ںˣСӾȻҪԼҪģİɡ
Ҷ׾ЦǺãҪĻͽôȫңôҴӦ𣿡
ɫЦʲôԴӦģϷӦǣͲҪˣЩ˸ǲܱӮߵġ
ٺ٣ǿɲһơҶ۾һ˿ɶӢǻʾѽкüλǻʾ۷壬ҪǱӮĻټԼ߼Ԫϸĵ̣һ
ϾͳҪҶףոձҶ׻ܣӣһһҪһһֻ˵һСӿСһƻֱӳҶһɲҶףһʹԼƣƵǷǳǿ󣬼ʵǻʾ֮ڸûܹܵˣǰ벽ʥߣҲ֮⣬ܻҶס
⵱ȻҲԼģܻܲҶףҪҶ׵ˣҶ׼ʹԼȻҲᵡֱͨĳһ͵Ļơ
ĻӰֱӾǳһƬ죬Ӱϵ¶ȼߣҶ׾뼸Ҳܸܵһĳ֪ƿ϶ֱͨӼӵ˵ڶ㣬ǻ˲Ҷ׵ǰͼĻ淭ƺҪҶûͨƵֱӳȥһǿĺ˲ϨͨƵĵȼ֮ߣҶ׵ʵ֮ߣʱ͵õ˳ֱֵ֣ͨɱ˶ԷĻơ
ҲҶһĵæ˼ʮףǻǱͨʣˣҪл׻ĻѾˡ
ò׶㿪Ҷ׵Ĺһǳ׵ɵˣСӵȻܹĻƣǺεȵĸҶ׵ʵҪǿѵ
֮УѾᵽҶ׻˼ˣ治ǿʵϣԼСˡ
ʱҶףҲջԼĹƣûмʵֱӳûģֻԷʵûбҪ͵Ϯ
Ҷ׵ıֿ˵ΧеˣǶɴ۾裬ҵϱҶ׻˼ʮףҶ׻һʤԷһ޷⣬Ҷʵ̫ˣж˭Ҳ֪
ŬĿסգȵ˵Сӣ㵽ʲôˣȻӵǿʵԲһܹģôǮôߵʵǲĸӣǵĻ˵ɣҲΪ㣬пܻΪѣǲʹԵģҪ㡣


پʮ ϼһƴ
֮˵ΪҲҵϣ֪ȻԪ۹ǿ棬Щǰʲôˣֻһļˡ
ҶȲϣôܱȵЩӴļ壬ҪŪӪҶ׵ݣҪ鷳
Ҷ׼˵Ҳ֪ʲôҶ׾˵İɣҲʲôĵӣҲõʲôǿļ֧ţҾңûʲôһļӶҪǿߵĻңʱ㡣
ҶȻ˵ʵȴôΪҶ˵ԽǾԼݣһĴǲ˵ԼݵģҲҶ׵Ļһļǿ
µҲˣҪҶ״ȥȻϣǾͲҵˣԺҪҲҪ˵ҶףҶԼ˵͹ֲҵͷϡ
뵽˵СӣԼ˵ģļôҲܲҲ֪ʲôˣȻҪȡжҪץȥ
ҶȴЦǲǴʲô㣬˹ԹԵĽ£
Цһҿ㻹жٵı¡ȻʹȡԼıһȼڵ׸߼Ҷ׵鱦ȼ൱Ҷ׿Էʹ뿪ȻҲҪóѽҪȻǳԿ
Сӣ㿴ıһӣһǱֱ£һӰٳҶ׵Ҷæ豦ֱӾӲȥ
һ֮ǳĶȴǷǳΣգһй˫Ͼͷ˵ڶιıᵵеӰ
ͼǰȻĵӰ˲ͽռһƬɫЩɫȴĴۣ޷ֱӣıͷųĵӰ˲佫һ˱һѪ⡣
ȫһֽɱķʽûκεķ϶꣬ҶһһĵӣҲҵˣֱٻԼն
նһһɽɫֱӹᴩ鱦Ҷ͵ĳǵӰȥһĳԷҲܶԷʲôʽ
ΪһǰһʱնԶԿĵʵҲˣǺǿĵӰȴҶ׵ĽֱӴмһӾͱ룬Ҷ׵նȴ䵽ͷŵ٣æųֿǱȻҶ׵ֱĳҪǵĻ趼ҪԼı˵ˡ
һսȻûˣȴѾˣұһΰܵøˣ費һͣ£ҪսʤҶףֵסҶ׵һ֮Ȼ𺳲ѣҲûʱˣϾͽɱȥӰ죬ͼӰֱҶ׵ΧͬʱһĵֱֱӽҶΧм䣬һҪɱ
ҶЦĿЩӰе鱦һֱһɱΧĽӰɣЩ˲ͱҶȫȵеĹʧҶһûзŹ裬ֱӷͷ
һæ豦ֿǵӳֿʱҶ׵նֱ߼һɫĳ鱦ɫ֮ʱѾ˹
ֻһֱӱ˺˼ʮ׿⣬ڵϣҶײûм׷ɱջԼıȴվ
Ҷ׻裬ǸɸɴĻ裬Χһβ֪Ҷжǿˣ趼ĶѽֲҶ׸ԣӵ
ԪĿɿڴҶ׵ıһһεڸոΪһҶ׿϶䣬ʱҪȥ׼սǵڲףԭˣҶȫսʤ裬һʤ
˾͸˵ﳩͳ˶ˣǴе䣬䡣
һΧҲˣرЩոռҶµˣ֪ǵϴжˣҵ϶Ķ֣ϴȫҪϴ
Щ˻ֻΪǮģ˭ҲҶжǿʵǮѽֻҪǮУ˭ҲûܸϴʲôǴڿʼ֪ˣϴ˵ܻһǴá
ЩӶϾ͸ﳩһţ䣬䡣ʱΧĺһƬǳƣҲźˣ֪ˣæͱ͡
ѾкܶԼ᲻ĳΪҶ׵£ȻҲǻòȵҶĴһӾܸʮĳһҲòô࣬ԺܶѾϣˣĻǾ˳µĳΪҶ׵ˡ
ʱ費䣬ȻѾˣȻƻǳأǲԸϣѹסƣվһߵҶ׵ǰһûиոôǿˣ۽֮һ˵ʹ࣬ʵոѾײĳǿй»ƼأǴʱ˵ĸأҪս䡣
Сӣ㣬ǻҧ˵
Ҷ׿ӣ֪ѾܵˣǿһսҶ׾˵Ѿˣսƻأھɣˡ
ȴҶ׵Ļսͽе˭˵ˣҸûˣб¾
Ҷ׼֣Ȼûʲôԥˣ˵ҵģɡ
Ȼ󵶳ҶֱӷҲɵգڿһ˫ֺʮ״̬˫Ȼһ䵽Ǳ֮ϣѱϾͱһѪɫҾȻ˲ͱһѳ׵ľͱǾʹõıһ㣬Ǽ˵ĸ߶ȡ
һҪƴˣҶȫǲԼˣңҲṦûмû취ָģһӶûа취ָ
ȻҪƴǾͱˣҶ׼Ǿͱڰ֮л裬ɱһɫĵ⣬ȫס˹ߣҶ׸æȥ֪󵶰ΧԼȻͱ͵ͷ­һǾ춯أȸոĹǿһҲֹǰ벽ʥҲܲĹȻˣĹںķ޴ȫ͸֧壬սҪʵ
ΪӣΪԼԺҳǰ̧ͷͱĻԺôȥǿҲǱľУѪʱѪͬһѴıҪҶȫɱ⽴һ㡣


پʮ ʤ
ǱΧҲǾ޴ڵͷųֱƷڵأܶ˸æ㿪Ҷ״ʱȴھͱõľ룬һǺһҶϮ
ҶҲҴ⣬鱦ͬɳһͷųնɢҪǿգܻǿĹơ
ɫٴγ֣ڰֱ֮ӳǵ⣬ӵ˼ֹƣһһ˺Ĺƣһ־ǽȫɢ
ȫʹͱĸǿˣȻѪɫĹǿǽӲĽסˣһסҶ׾лὫ⹥ܣϾͿʼͬʱ˫צֱ˺ۣʼǱƻܼƬ̣Ҷ׺Ȼٴνеɱ񾻻ͼٴαĽ֮ǰӵǿɱ񾻻ĸ֮£Ĺ˲䱩ǣһʱǵӰǱȫ˺ѣһֱӻΪ֮С
һεĹʧܣҲ֧ŲȥˣϾ³һѪ弱ٵĳ£ˤ˵ϣһûлٴվΪվˡ
ոһսѾľеָҲҪܳʱˣ豻䣬ҶҲص˵棬˿Ѿõ裬ûнɱˣǶ˵һӦ˰ɣ
ԴҶףվȴûߵļλ¸æ˵СӣʵȻңҾҲûʲôϧģԣǾĴˣҵʵҲ㲻ʲôȴ϶Ϻ峤֪ҵˡ
Ҷ׼ڳǿ䣬˵ĵҲģʵǶģĻҶ׻ĺѶԸˣʱҲÿôˣҪЩҵ
Ҷ׾Ͷ˵Ҳ˵ǶԵģѾˣҪĳŵ˶Լ뿪ˡ
ȴЦϷԴӦ㣬ԸԸ㣬ͲϷˣбµĻԸ㡣
ԭһ㣬ˣЩ˵ĹϵЩ˾ԲܱԼһľӢ
ʵȴԤϣҶ˵ЦĺˣȻԸҡ
˵Ҷ׾Ͷ˵ǸոҲˣҺǵϴģҪˣҪҵ£ԸĻҲǿǻǿԻȥģԸҵĻұ֤Щÿ˿ԵõһĳÿһµõʮӶԸĻھͿȥҵǮ
һĳÿһʮӶ궼ЩӶˣЩҵľӢǣÿ²żӶѽҶ׸ǵǺüһֵܵǸ߰ˣһеӶĶˣ˭ĶɵѽǻǮг
ǾĶʱȴеǶˣȻˣҪˣҪǱһǸʲô³
ԾвЩӶˣҲ֪ϵҶ׸Ӷ̫ˣǸûа벿־ܾѽ
ĻҲãЩ˲ЩͼӶǶҵӰ첻ǺܴҶҲʲô̫ĳͷЩ˶ҵľӢȻ׷Źǵġ
Щ˾ͿʼԥȻҶ׵ˣû˭ҵһվҶ׿ȴҲżϾ˵ڿʼǵӶӱ˭ҪǼĻһʮӶʱ䣬Ժûˡ
ҶһЩӶҲԥˣǺƵģȫﳩȥһӾͽﳩǰˣЩӶǵľû˭ܾߵӶ
һ¾ҲˣֽеǶһ˭ұңҪǵ
ʱҲû˭ĻˣһʮӶ𣬣һˣɵӲŻ᲻ҪеӶȥҶˣһѪֱӾ͵ڵϲˡ
ʱֻ߼ŵڣǸæ̧æӴ˳ȥ˭Ҳˡ
Ҷ׿̧֮󣬾Цָ壬ʵҲǻʾˣͻƵ벽ʥˡ
Ҷ֪ոһжǿ屾ѾˣһԻٵԺˣҪͻư벽ʥߵĻû鵤ҩͲˡ
ʱԪߵĴָ˵͵ܣͶѽոմ绹㲻Ķ֣Ǵѽ
ҶæЦСҲ˶ѣһ̫ˡ
ҶҲǫ飬ʵԻ֣ܶԪȴЦ͵ܾͲҪ˵Цˣոƴûʲô˵ĵط͵ʵʹȻ
Ҷ׾ЦЦûз񶨣˿ЩͶǻʾɼӶԪ˵㿴ЩӦʵɣԺͽúõˡ
ԪĵЦԺԪǻʵԪˣһ˽ˡ
һҶٴһٶǻʾʵӶǵӶʵ˺ܴлмλǻʾ۷弶ĸ֣˵ҶڵӶȫԳΪһǿҶ׻ԶԶû㣬ոտʼҪõҵӶ
ҲҶ׸ļĺܸߣЩӶûа취ܣֻﳩĳõľ͸ˣҶһδȡʮڳ𽻵ﳩЩӶһܲѣǵϴǮѽʮóʮһͲ۵ġ
˭ôǮأǮôԣûа취Ҷ׻Ԫòѵ͵ܣһλ裬ҿ϶ưոݵģ´ҿǵĶϻߴԳˣǵʵڰ벽ʥ߼͵ܻǲȱһܰɡЩӶΪǮҲ뿪ġ
ҶȴЦ㻹֪ҵƢǴܿģʲô϶ϵģ⣬ҶǽͲΪҵˣ
ҶȻЩģҪһ¡İ벽ʥ۷弶ĸ֣Ҫһ¶ܣΪͲǶˣǶԷֻǰ벽ʥߴɣлģֻҪСӦǲʲô̫⡣
ԪҶ˵ﻹǵģҲ֪Ҷǲˣֻò飬æҿھͼǿԪķЩó
Ҷ׾ЦǾʹˣҶ̿ûдôУôžôŰɣЩ˾Ͷˡ


پʮ ѵӶ
豻̧ҳԺ豻̧ʱ۾ɴˣǲѽôᱻֱ̧ǲ
ϾԱߣƣҲһ˵һ˵Ĳѽ㲻ҲҪˡ
Ƿǳأ߾仰ˣæ˵ô£˭ܴܽӣ˭
̧ĵϾͽľ˵һ飬͸һˣȻǸСӣܻҲͰˣȻҲˣ˵ôأǰ벽ʥҲˡ
˵ʵжǿҲһɻ󣬶ȻǸӵĻɣæһżƷ˵͵ʱס˽ͻط
˵磬СʵѾ֮ˣҪȻܴܽˡ
ҲǵͷҲǣ벻ǿǻСˡ
Ͼ˵磬һǰȥҪΪܱ𡣡
æҿˣɳҶ׸ˣȥĻֻЦȥɣúõİʰΪܳ˳㽫ҾͲץ
ЦģǿϷĶˣһ
ֵ˳㽫ЩͶӶҲ˵ĻɱۣҵˣҾҪõ³
Ҷ߻ڵǵȵҲûжҶ׾Ѱ˼Ҳ͵ϮɣҹǰĻҪ鷳㣬ͶԪ˵磬һ᲻ҹ͵Ϯǣ
ԪЦǲģȻ޶ҪӣΪȫ㣬ǾͲҹ͵Ϯ飬͵ܴɷġ
Ԫ϶Ĵ𸴣ҶҲͷˣҲԺú˯ˣﳩﻹæµֱԷʱļʱֹͣˣﳩϾҶ׵ǰ㱨Ĺ
磬һļǧһӶһǧ۷ʵһǧ˰ǻʾʵǻʾʵʮǻʾ۷ʵһʮڰǧĿ
ﳩͽ˱ȥҶ׹ĿҶȴڰֵҲٳ֣һʲôÿģҿЩ־ͷΣԺȫȨļĹɡ
ﳩæлΣСһȫá
Ҷ׵ͷֶԪ˵磬û뵽ļôˣǧ˼ʵҲǿˣԺһļ忹ˡ
ԪҲЦǧǻʾʵӶὫǴһֿ֧ҹġ
Ԫ˵ȷеģǧӶûУҶԿ˺ܶʱ䣬ҪΪûǮˣЩӶҲ뿪
Ҷʲô󵨵ѵǾǡ
ҶæЦдڣҾͷˣǧӶһļҿĿĸˣϵıԽԽġ
ԪЦñǶѽжپ٣粻ġ
ҶҲǹЦЦôģңļôӶҪúõףһˣҲˣϾͰȥ׼磬úóһ١
ԪæҲû׼ʲôóӣҿǻǽİɡ
Ҷһ⻰Ͼ˵ð죬磬˭ȥļҷպãͽͬĳһˣǮҪǣҪپ͸٣ԺҷݾרΪԪˣӪҵ
ﳩæھȥš
ҶЦ粻Ҫôż˵ɣߵľ¥Ʋ˾ˣԵĻͽҾ¥ǣҲʡ鷳ˡ
ҶеǮһ¥ëë飬ﳩæȥˣܿþ¥õľƲˣҶ׺ԪﳩλֵܶһԺﳩȻҶ׷Ҫ£ǲŸ£ҳԵķǳˣҶ׹Ȼﳩȥ¥
ڶ죬Ҷ׺ԪѵµӶǧ˵Ѿ൱ˣҺԪרѵĳɼˣҲǵԪѵʿĵطþô
Ҷ׿Ƭѵ֮Ҳ˷ܵ˵磬طǸѽԺҵʿԷѵˡ
йĿյأиֵѵʩֻΪ˹ЩˣûйϵԪ˽ЩʩȫһȫԸϡ
ǧ˷ֳɼվҶ׺Ԫǰ͵ʵվһ飬ǻʾһ飬ǻʾһ飬ǻʾ۷һ飬ǻʾڵ࣬ΪﵽӶ඼ʵǵҲʮֵ꣬׳꣬ǻʾɵľֻмˣǻʾ۷ľֻʮ˶ѡ
ԪվǵǰǴ˵ӽ쿪ʼǶ͵ܵ£ԪΪ֧µľӽͬҳΪǵĽ;ͬҲԲ֣ΪǣҪֶǸҺҶҾֱ
Ԫⷬ˵ҲҶЩһͲȡɱķʽǶߣЩӶ˵Ȼ֮ˣܿǧӶûһԵģȫ
ҶˣҶ׾Ц磬ǶϣΪǵĽˣֱӹǰɡ
ԪͷȻԴ˵ȻҶôģԪҲȴ֮ˣԺҸͱ£ͱԲǣǵĴСְǻʾ۷弶ǲνΣÿһλν쵼һǧʿȻǵǺܿͻᳬһÿ쵼һǧʿλǻʾ۷վɡ
ʮλǻʾ۷־վǰ棬Ԫ׼õĹñѫ¶ǣȴҶС
ԪҪֻȫһֻľӣӶֻľӣܹս޲ʤܸҶ״ϲ
Ԫ쵼ʮǧȻûʲôˣҶ˵͵ܣѫʽӦ͵֣͵뽫ѫ½ǰɡ
Ҷ׿û飬ûмʶľʲôӣûмѫʲôӣҶæ磬ֻҾͽˣͲҪ͵ܿЦ˰ɣдھˣ͵ܾԱ߿
ԪҲûǿ󣬾͵ͷЦǴһѫʽˡ
Ԫʮǻʾ۷ֵǰ˵ǱһϣܹΪΪҶףҽѫǣúõĸɫľӡ


 Ԫ쵼
ʮǻʾ۷֣һϲ⣬֪ԪһףԼȻ˽Ҫ˵Ԫ۹ǻʾ۷ֵȷǿϲνλãҲ˭ܵϵģǻҪϵѽһİȥνȻᡣ
ȴԪﵱ˽ȻϲˣȻǻͬģԪĽְλǻӵ˵ΪԪ۹ĵߣƾһ㣬ǾͱЩĲνҪöˡ
ʮַ׷״Ԫӹѫ£Ԫֶ˵ڿʼǾµĲνˣǾҪΪ£һὫ˷ֳʮ飬Ҫ쵼һҵǺʵİ֣ƼǵְپǩͬˣҪúñ֣һὫǶԱȣǿһάһһͷڽͳͷʲôڱܣ϶ǴһģǲҪģѵӣѵӶҪסһ㡣
ʮλͷǼʶԪ쵼ܣֱӽȥֻҪ鿴˭ǿӶзǳǿ
ԪʮȥȻٽǧ˻ֳʮ飬ÿһʵ൱Ӷƽ֣Ȼÿһǻʾ۷ȥ쵼һһ죬ԪûǽѵȡԵľźǸԵסϤæˡ
ԪźһЩʱԪͳˣﳩææܹҶ׿ž֪϶鷢ˣæﳩ˵磬ǲҵ鷳ˣ
ﳩæͷҵˣˣһǶ㿴ô죿
ҶЦҪô죬Ȼȥˣ磬ѵǰɣСȥҵĶϡ
ԪȻҶ׵İΣˣæ˵ѵһǺȥɣʵѾﵽ˰벽ʥߣôöԸģ絣İΣ
Ҷ׾ЦģҶˣ⣬ⰲĵİȥȥͻء
ԪҶ˵æߵ˵ȥúñ
ԪĸʵܲԪǸҶһȥҶ׿ԪģҲûоܾһǰԪ
ҶԪʱͿԪվһȺˣȺ˵࣬ʵȴǷǳ˵ã֮мȫǻʾɣܶ໹ǻʾ۷弶վǰȻǶˣѾһ벽ʥˡ
ҶԪʱҲǿˣͬǱҶ׵סˣһʮСһȴѾվΪϴˣΪѽҲǲòҶ׵
Ҷ׵ģʮҶ˵ģָҶ׾˵ǸҶͯˡ
Ҷ׵ͷҾǣؾҵĶɣΪİɣһ죬벻
˵еѿϵҶӣϾͺȵСӣܣһҪùԹԵĸһȥ˵㣬ҪҷĻھͿԽˣҿɲʲôˣҵˣȻҪ𡣡
ҲҶʲôˣҶ裬ȻŹҶ׿˵ЦǸ˺Ҳ˵ģֻǱ̧˻ȥ֪᲻³
ɫһСݵò㻹֪벽ʥߵʵɣϷ㿪۽硣
óԼİ벽ʥʵѹҶף벽ʥһǾǿˣҶȴЦ벽ʥ߾˲𣿸ɣҲ˵ʲô벽ʥˣʥҲʶ㻹ǰ԰ڣҲ֪𣿡
Ҷ׵ĻʱΧһƬ˵ĽкãЩ˶Ҷ׵£ԽԽԼϴˣ˵ĻȻš
ȴ̫ĻҶҲʶ벽ʥߣʥ߼мʶ˵ҶˣЦʹɣ֪Ĵۡ
ҶȴȻҪҴǾʹɣҲҺҴģϺҴһˣʲô㣬ҵСˣЩȫҺҶ𣿡
Ҷ׵ĻΧ𾪲ˣѾʶҶ״Ӳܱ˿ܣѵҪһ
ǽĶ벽ʥߣҶ׻ܴ漣𣿺ܶﶼЩɣе㲻Ҷ׻ܴΪ벽ʥߺǻʾ۷ٿҲȫͬȼһͻƵĻʵӼȫͲһȼϵģҶܻҲ⣬ΪϾûͻƵ벽ʥߣȴǻʵİ벽ʥѽҶ׻ܻ
ڴһɵʱҶȴЦеĿڵĻشûϾͻشڿԼǸĻǲģ᲻ᶪӣʱҶȴЦѵҴĵûһǵϣʹʵã뻹ҺҴģȻôԥҸоЦ
⻰ŭŭСӣҪϷ򲢷ǲҺģֻϷСһĶҵӶѣȻԸϷͳȫ㣬ľʹģҪˣߺߣеҲͶҪϷȥˡ
˿Χܶ˶£Щ˿ڿǣæԴ£ҿ۾˵Ҳ֪£ҪǲϷȥĻʲôԼ֪
ҶȴȵϼһҵˣϼҶǴСеģŲھͱ㡣
Ҷ׵ĻЩӶʱ;ţˣǵϴҲСˣȻܲˣеСӣϷҪ㵥
Ҷ׾ߵĶ棬ŭϷģһСаɣϷ򲻻ռˡ
ҶҲûоܾ治ǻʾǰ벽ʥߣɲܵģҶֱȡԼ鱦һҪʹˡ
Ҷ鱦Ҳ΢΢Ծܴﵽ뱦׵Ҳǲ׵ģҲûдﵽ챦ס
Ϊ֪ҶֶΣҲҴ⣬ͬȡԼıҶ׵ıĵȼֻڸԵʾͬĹֶΡ
ҶֱӳУһ̳ûκεʽҪ̽ԷʵײԼľС
ҶϮƮݵһһ֣ǰ֮гһĹââȴǼΪΣգٳҶ׵ؿڷȥ


һ 
ҶױᵵֱӵֵסԷϮԷĵڶѾ֮£䣬ҶΧסһ̻ȴǷǳĿ£κһ㶼һɱҶܲΣյ̻֮Ա˵ĵ⡣
ֻ̻ѤȴûҶˣٻŵĽҶֱӷųķͽ׵ı֮£ûܵһơ
Ҿ⽣֮УȻһ⣬ֱӴеĽ˶һæӽֵֻһ㣬Ȼ㿪ıһλ
ʱɫЩˣԲǻʾʩչĹΪӵǾǰ벽ʥ߼Ķ֣ϾͲ²ҶѾﵽ˰벽ʥ߼
²ⲻòҶ׸ӵСģæܣһֱ˳ʮ׿⣬ָҶ׾˵СӣȻѾǰ벽ʥߣǲ˼顣
ҶҲֹͣ˹Ц˵ǰ벽ʥߣһ˵ģֻϧһûͻƣͻƵĻ㻹վ˵ͱһɱˡ
Ҷ˵Ҳʵֻǻʾ۷弶ˣѾܺͰ벽ʥ߿⣬ͻ˰벽ʥߣĶ
ȴĻæոʹһѾ߱ԣԶı乥ǰ벽ʥ߲ܴﵽľ磬Ҫûͻư벽ʥߣôһ㡣
ҶЦѵҪͻư벽ʥ߲ſ𣿾ûͻƣҲǿģֻûмѣԲŴС֡
˵ƿԣУֻǼٶѣΪҪ츳Уһ˶ǳΪһǿߣҲֻڴŻ֣ƽʱܼ
ǰ벽ʥߣҲҪԹԵ䣬ﵽʵҲж೤ʱ䣬ѵܷˡϷ㣬İ벽ʥʲôӡ
Ҷ׿Ҫˣæ׼ˣͼգȻһȻһǵڶһṦʮΧбһָʮѱͬʱҶ׷һʱণΧȫǱķλ
Ҷֱӷųն£ն񣬽ΧϮ齣ȫɱͬǿвһ㡣
һе㲻ţԼ齣ɲһĽȻԼûкͷӳˮƽǾʮ齣ҲҶ޷мˣҶȴ׾ٵĽˡ
֪Ҷ׵֪Ҫ齣߳ٵȼˣæųԼʵˮƽֱӷɵգ˲óɼʮ齣ָ֮£ɱҶף⻹ֻǵһ齣ں棬ó齣һһĳҶȥ
ȫǽҶ׵һӣʮ齣ϮҶ׸æǰųһԻǰ齣ٶȣԼе鱦ֱٻĽһһɵĽҶ׵ǰֱӵסǳ齣齣εϬȴȻʧͺ񱻽һ㡣
ʵҲȷˣҶֱʹնķӣýȫԵֵס齣Ĺ
ʮ齣һ뱻գһֱӱצ˺ѣ齣ϮҶͯͬ˵Ľָ齣ǳľȣһֱڹ۲Ҳ޷ٻ
뷢֪޷˵Ҷףٴͼ֮ͬһ꣬Ľ泯Ҷ׵ͷϮͲ֪ж٣Ҷ׸æָӽǽͷѸٵһţȫסҶףе齣ȫ˽ϣʧ١
һʱ֮оͿϷĽ꣬ǽȴһɡҶȫ˶һľȣսֵԳκһ˵󡣡
еıȻɳ֮оֱҶҲѱϮȷʵͼѱֱӴ͸˽壬ûֹͣ
ѱǿҶʱ֪æ鱦סԷĹǱȴҲһ㣬Ͼ͸ı乥ʽĺȥҪϮĺ󱳡
仯Ĺ̷ǳĿ죬ҶҲеջԼıֿһ֪ιһˣ޷ػԼͶҪˣļ֮£һ̸˳ֱӵסĺ󱳡
Ҷ׵£˲ͳ˺󱳵ס˶ԷĹס˶ԷĹϾͷųһǿıסˡ
һο㻹ô㣬û뵽Ҷ׾Ȼʹһ߼Ҳ֪ʲô⣬ҪջԼıȻ֣޷ԼıˣǱҶ׵ıסˡ
ķ齣ȻҲŹƴջرôֵܵס̶Աһʱңе齣ȫʧʱҶѸٵķֱӳ˹ȥǾ޴ڳɶȥ
ҲջԼıˣ弱ٺˣҷų˼Щڽ˵ȫǸȥȫգۿԼΣգȻ׳һڽǰϾͱһ¾޴ǽڣסȥ·
ֱӾͳǽȻûгɹǽ֮ǻζ˼ǵס˽·һҶҲǷǳĳԾǽʲôģһҪõ
ѾıˣҶϾͷųȥԸһ鱦̷ٳǽǰǰͼȻȻǷ˷ǳ߼ıŻķӦոǱûԿ϶ȼܸߡ
Ǿĵȼܸߣ̵ǰȴҲǲ˺̵ܶ࣬İͼתĸӿ٣ҲӵǿڼţȴѾʼҡҡλεļڲԶвãҪջԼıкǰһ޷Լı̵ӴڿռȻۿһɹǿһ㱻ȫգǶϵҲ̵ͬİ֮С
աҶ״һọ̈̄ʵѾﵽ˰벽ʥ߼ԿոЩ벽ʥߵıˣȻǵıȼҲܸߣܴﵽ챦ףǰ벽ʥߵʵޣֻܷЩСҶЩո
Ϊ̸ӵμķԿıͳһˣȻƬ̣ǻΪһԭȵƽ뵽̵İ֮С


 ǿҶ
ﶼҶ׸ˣǲͰȥеСһҵı
Ҷȴûһ㣬̸ҲͬһˣҪȥȴֲңԼıҶ׶ˣȥҪҶ׸ѵˡ
֪Լڳֿȭ޷ҶˣվﲢûȥΪ뱻Ҷ״仨ˮֻҲһ𾪣Ҷ׾Ȼˣû顣
ؼ䵽Ҷ׵ǾһشĴļֵͲ˵ˣرǿƣǵȼﵽ챦ףϧǱҶ׸ˡ
Ҷպ˱֮󣬾Ͷܻ˵˼ıѾҵˣȻҪбµĻҲԽҵıߣҪҪһԣ
Ҷ׵ĻȫˣȻ֪ڸȥˣŭСӣҵıỹҵģʱͲˣıҲҪϷˡ
ҶЦ֪˶ٱˣ˵Щ˺ܶ඼ҪǿأǻǹԹԵıˣҲͲҪò˼ǿҶĶҲʲô˵顣
ɫ࣬ڴ򲻹ҶףҪİ취ǾڴʱҶ˵ﳤϣӦüǵøոǴĶİɣǲӦý͸ˣ
ȴȻЦΪϷϷôܻ㣬ȥɣϷֻ˵˵ѣ㻹ˡ
ҶĻȴҲûæЦҾ֪ϺᷴڵģҲϵˣ㷴ҲûйϵЩ˳ͶҵġҶ׺аյ˵
ȴȵΪϷôױϷ𣿡תԼ˵ǶϣץסСӣ
µȻ࣬ǸʵǿҪǴҶĲˡ
һٶˣȴûж֣ԭ򲢷ѾҶͶˣΪǿҶ׻ˣϻʲôý
һٶˮ˭ϵһһǰǲԼµһβˣǿɶǻʾϵĸ֣һٶ˵ʵҲԶҶвˡ
ϾͰγһµıЩ˾ͽе˭ҪǲϵĻϷھɱǡ
һ仰ãЩӶѡˣֻܳȥǰӶͶҶ׷ˣǺֻӣûвҶ׵壬ֻǽǴ󵶾ʱ׼ܡ
Ҷ׿ЩӶ뷨ҲûֱӻɱǣǼٷϰգͷЩӶ˭Ҳɵû˻ȥҶ׽ǾҶ˵ǶˣͶҵĻԵõӶʮÿʮӶԼŰ죬ҲǿԸⲻԸҲھȥҲС
Ҷ˵ͷɻ̨֮ϣЩӶ㿴ңҿ㣬ǳɶֻû˸վѡ
ȴǳĵǻıԼҪĻ͵ʴףæǽеǲҪ˵ֻǶѣܿͻѹեǣ˭ҲܱϷ򡣡
˵ЩӶģЩӶܾ˵ԼģƽʱôԸǵġ
еӶҲûжҶײûھշǣϾЩ˺ǰӶͬǵʵǿҵĵλҲȻշ
һ֮ЩӶе㲻Ծڻ˽˵ʲôӵĵˣæͽеǶһȥ뿪
ԼһȫҶ׸ˣЩҲֻ÷ˣǲúҶսˣæЩ뿪ԪҶҲû˵ѾˣѾ߽ҵ
뿪֮Ҷײûʲô˵ģæԱߵﳩ˵ǼļӶɣʲôңȥѵ
ﳩæȥæԼˣЩͶҶ׵ӶһսһѪѽҶ׵ʵȻһ޴ĹǶҶ׸ӵľ塣
Ҷ׷뿪ѵѵʱ򣬿εսУϵ·ѾˣȫһɫʿװȫͺԭȵƲͬˣڸӵ˸оһǿƴڡ
ԪҶ׹ɫʱϲæܹ˵͵ܣôˣ
ҶЦôҴ˶ѡ
ԪĻЩţæʵ͵Ľˣǰ벽ʥߣձĶ֡
ҶЦСʲôʱԴ˵ѽҶ׾ѵ̨ϵϣúõԼЩʿ
ԪȻȥˣæЦ統ȻĻˣֻΪ绹㲻Ķ֡
ҶֵĻ˵ǲ缸µʱ䣬һ治Ķֻ֣ѾǼ֮ǰˣҲˣȥأھø翴
Ҷϼɽ֮ȡǱƣԪʱ϶ˣһľȣķȻΪǱ;֣Ȼ˽ԷĵϸԪ˵͵ܣⲻı𣿡
Ҷ׶ⱦûʲôĵģҲ˱ƺܸȤԪ˵ܣæ˵˽ʲô
Ԫæ˵統Ȼ֪ƿɲһƣһ챦׵ķһλʥǿߴķԻûһǽܵʥ߼ĹȻõߵʵҲ޷ӳܵʵֻǰ벽ʥ߳ʵƵֵס벽ʥߵĹǰ벽ʥ۷弶ҲǺѵֵġ
Ҷϲæ˵˵ֵܵסʥ߼Ĺ
ԪͷȻǣҲҪӵ൱ʵУҪֵסʥ߼Ĺͱӵа벽ʥ۷ʵУĻҲѵֵ
ҶæЦֵʥҵû˵ֵܵס벽ʥߴɵĶǲǣ
Ԫæȷˣ벽ʥ߳ڵʵͿֵܵס벽ʥߴʵĶֹҲı͵ôõģѵ㻹ܻܽ䣬Ǵﵽ˰벽ʥ۷ʵ
ҶæҡҡͷЦ̫ˣôǿʵֻҲмķѣͽ˹ȻܴﵽļҾҲһ˵ļˣԵֵס벽ʥߴ۷ʵĹ


 
ԪͷǿսʤǿʵĻ㵱Ȼһ㣬ĸãֻҪȿƵס滹ϢҪȥУȻټԼ
ҶæЦ֪ҾȲˣСܻЩӶɡ
Ԫ͹Ц¹Ӷ飬һ죬Ҳûз飬ҲûѰҶ֪Ҳе㲻ҳġ
ȻڵͷϣٴԪһȴˣǻʼӡ
Ҷ׵õϢ֮Ͼ͸ϵԪһԪҲһˣΪ˵һǻ壬ȻҪ
ǿһȺĶ飬һȫװףҵӶкܴĲͬΪǴǻ塣
һӣͷñĿףһʢ˵ӣһϾͳЩһǻˣҲæҶ׻㱨
ӽ֮󣬽Χһǵ٣ǲʵǻʾɼ
óҶҲǷǳĹĵģֻĵԻв
ӳҶ׺Ԫ֮󣬲ûʲôʾֱʵǸԪļӶˣ
Ҷײû˵Ԫ˵磬ʲôˣ
Ԫæǻʳӵͷ죬ɣҲһǹߵˣһ˶Ҫ֣ڻʳһܵɣڱǰɲ
ԪϾվ˵ɣôĵӣȻҴԪ˭ĵѽ
ɿԪŭҲЩɵֻ֣Ǵ˵ԪǷ˹ǰץΥļӶﷸԪòҪ֡
ԪЦԪֲҰϾ͸뿪
ȴͽԪĻϣʱѾõ˹ɣԪĻȨԪ֣ûа취ȻĴʩ
˹ɻʲôͶԪ˵ԪҾԪԲûж˵ʲôչļӶҲѲ˸ϵȰ㻹ٹ£ĻͱҶ㲻òˡ
Ҳ̬ȣԪҲûзҪǶµĻҲץһԪɫѿˣȻҴѹǻ尭ǰԪҲԪǰʲôֵľٶһβͬˣǾȻҶԲѷһҪҲ
ԪЦɣб¾ץҵҪмӣѽ
ԪŭˣȴЩˣȻõ˹ɣԶԪ֣Ҳİ취ϣҪȫץԪ󣬹˵ԼԪìܣͱһöˡ
ȻǶԪȥץҲҶֻ֣˵ԪҲǷ£ԵĻȥʹ벻Ҫµж
ԪȻԼץˣץĻֵܣԪͺȵҶһëûа취뿪
ԪǰûΪûѽڣмǧӶҪԸЩʼӣǻ׾ٵ顣
йҳȻҲὫԪĻһм˵ѵԪҪԻʼӶ𣿡
Ԫȴ˵ҪǸҶҾ͸Ҷ㶯֡
ԪϾͶߵ˵ҴȥΧ˭Ҳ뿪
ԪϾͽﵽʮλνĶЩνõ֮Ͼ͸Դܿʹѵǧ˵ĶƺƵľͽΧˮйͨжͳһȫһֻѵĶ顣
ȻԪֻǸһЩͷϵѵЩӶѾе˳ɿƣŵǶ֪ǺˣߵļһãǧʿΧסˣǿûа취ˡ
ȻҲ飬ҪͲЩ˵Ķ֣ɸæеԪҶԻʼ֣ͻˣûлǹ
ԪȴЦҪǰ̫ǺˣԪ䵽ز𣿾ǹˣԪҲӣЩԪʲôԪúܣȥҪٸԪ鷳ĻԪǺʽѣԺˡ
ԪĿ֪ûа취ˣӦúܲˣæãһὫԪĻȥģԼɡϾͶߵ˺ȵһȥ
ֻʼӸæҴҵ뿪Ԫʱһ緢ȴǻͷӣӵһӡ
ЩߺԪǻصѵѵ
ǧӶٴη˺ѵҶ׸˵˵Ԫˣȹ˶ãǹı
ԪЦϷڣ첻µز£ҰɣҪǶס
ڻʹ֮Уһλ۵ڻʹ֮ⲽɫǳǣߣλɫŮ˭Ҳʱȥλӡ
Ԫ۹ĹǣʱڵȴɵϢ죬ҴҪȥԸԪֵ⣬ʵţֻͽȥϾҲһġ
ʱɴҴææĸϻ˹ǰʥϣˣԪҪˡ
֮ʱһģµľ飬Ǹæʵô£˵
æ˵һ飬ͬʱԪĻҲ˵ˣһӾ֮ϣҡҡͷ˵޾֪ԪͶԱһ϶Ҫˡ
æʥϣȻ뷴ǻʲôֱӾͽ¾ǣҲʡʥһֱʥϡ
ȴǴ㶮ʲô֪ĻһʲôĽԪڸͲܶԪ۹յľ֧ţ޶޵λˣ֪ΪʲôԼȥǾӶ֣ȻֶңǾͿȨʲô֪ȥ
ɱһͨҲ˵æȥˣȴǷǳǵģܽ鿴͸ȷܼġ


 ĶǵϺ
Ǹڹ֮ⲽˣ취ԸҺԪ⣬ԪǲģϾԪֲʲôˣĵңǿͲдλΪòģԼλʱܱȥ
ҪҼߴ٣ҲǲȥɱԸԪģΪֻӵʧȥˣڶԪ۹ĿԽղǺùҾ͸ˣֱȡλ
ϢӦѾ֪ˣ֪֮϶вԼҪϳǵȻһܻ´ңЩ췴Ҫ취ԼȥԸԪ
취ôģǮƣԼ嶼ȲϣҲֻһһˣʱ뿴˻ˡ
ܵϢҲǳ𾪣ûϾԳ֣뵽赶ɱˣùԸԪԼں̵ΪҶ׵ݣҶһĵӣǱץˣҲǹ飬ҵ⡣
û뵽ҲûԪô˳ϾǰʹٹϲȡǿжҶ׺Ԫ
ʹȥֱӴ˹ķ䣬Ҳ˵ҲûнǷǵλҵģʱֻʱѣһԪڡ
λҲֻӦøԪңΪջΪԪʸԪĹҲϾͶ֡
򿴵֮Ͼ˵ʥϣԪˣѵ㻹ԪС𣿡
ϾͱһݣЦݵ˵ˣҸողŵõϢôأôˣͺһ취ɡ
Ȼ취ɲɵʱ˭ȥץԪ˭ͱĵ۹ˣɲ
ϣǳ˵ʥϣ⻹ҪʲôģȻҶԻʼӶԻҪʥֻҪȥǽǣİ취
æЦ˵ѽʵҲȥԪǸСӵģȥ˵Ļ°տ¾ҪкܶĿҲ֪Ԫ۹̫ƽܶĵط˶ˣЩ˾ץѱȥԪǾͻϽԪΪڣ췴ǸʱͲðˡ
˵ҲǼٻȷˣȻ֪ôȥǵأʵ뿴Ľ̨Ԫٳʲô⣬ҲȻȻĵ˹
ǾæʥôԥԪҪ췴ѾļӶˣǵǿһЩʱ򣬿¾ǳѹסˣʥҪ㻹ǹһԪ췴ʱλס𣿵ʱҪ˵Ҳ㣬Ҳȥ飬뿪Ԫ۹ǡ
Цһ뿪Ԫ۹Ҳţһ彫Ԫ۹Ϊ˶ԸԪǾȻΪԪǱǻˣȴ˵ڶԪˣڶΪʲôнյĵλ
ңȴû˿ı仯Це˵ﳤϣ˵Ļȷеҿ鲻ڰյƤ½УԪϾԪ۹Ŀ߼壬ڰյע֮¶֣϶⣬ҿ簵жֵĺá
Ҳûа취뵽⣬ܲƵһɶĻ򻹲ҪˣֻУ취ܲеͨ
Ȼǲ˵һȻһСһﶼԸˣҿҲе̫ûϢ˵㡣
ȻѾǳĲˣĻȻҲûʲôÿˣȫǲǷһŭûʲô¶ܰȫλϣǿ⸱飬ҪȻˣʹҲλҲȥһλߵġ
ǻһЦݵ˵˵ĺγǣҾԽԽˣһԪûа취˵ѽ
ǾǰϷˣЩ޿κΣǱûжߣӦ˵ֶȴǲ٣ֻ˵˰ˣͰİ취ɣȥдɱСӺԪɡ
ȴϾ˵Ҳ̧̫˰ɣϻ˿𣿸ֶңҪĺãֻҵǿ߳ˣϻǵȥɱǰɡ
Ͼͽ˦ǲˣͽеѵ㻹۹𣿸ɴ㻹λˡ
һ仰ķ֪κܲˣ˵ǹˣǵѾǷˣʱĻһɱ򣬿ûֻίȫˡ
ϲҪҲʵû취ǿȥµЩ㻹֪ǵķ˵С϶ˣ˾͸ĶˣҲֻдϲܹɴ¡
ǲò˵һΪгǸ֮ˣѵ⣬ûڹάˣһ򶼸ое޷̫Լļһˣֻ˵ˣ˭ϷΪλأһξȥ⣬֮ϾҪԪ۹Ӷܽļ壬ҪңĻͱǷ
֮ﲻ룬ⲻǿʶ˼Ӷȥɣһֹȥ𣿿Ȼ˵ͷϷģҾͷӶصҡ
Ȼ˵Ƿ֮ʲôĽͲˣڵ۹ӶͲˣ͵˵˵ѣҲûе档
һĵͷϷˣ֪ĻϷҲҪһڣ˷ʱ䡣
ææ߶߶ľˣȴЦϲģҪʵҵʱɱ㡣
ҲֻˣȻϾȥԼļѰȥˣΨһĿְɡ
صңһҪҶ׵д̣˸޷ʤΣҪԳˣҲһ뵱ŰյԪ֣õİ취Ҳֻˡ
ɱͬսԽԽã෴ɱԽԽã򲢲ȥĥһ£Ͷߵ˵ȥϽ
ʱΪѹǶˣϽʱѵʲôҪԼȥæǰϵķ䣬֮Ͼʵ磬ʲô𣿡
æ£иҪһ¡
æһʵʲô˵ɣܻʲô˵ġ
˵ܣ֪һֱǸСӱԴᣬ֪ԸԸȥ


 ҹϮԪ
һϾ˵ģʲôԸģһ㲻ҪȥҾ͸һȥʰСӺԪҷҪ֪ҵĶҪʮ
ȴæܣҲǴȥˡ
һæѵ粻ȥȼ𣿡
ҡҡͷȻˣϾȥˣԴһ¡
ϣҲЩȣæΪʲôҪжǰ첻𣿡
ϷðտǶԪ֣ȥץСӵĻԪ϶ֵģʱҲò֣Ҫð֪ˣһǷǳĲǲҴ鷳
ҲǵͷܵȻѾˣҾ͸һȥһҪСӺԪץҵҪץһʲôӡ
˵ҶˣץסСӦûʲô⣬ֻҪСһ㣬֪
ֵ磬Ԫǲ𣿡
æȻҪ֣ǲҪ֣һҪԪԪ۹ʼǵĺ󻼣ǱҪ
˵ǣող˵յĲ𣿡ʵ
ȴıǿԽӵǵͷϣΪ˴ɱԪǵıҲˣԪɱԪ۹ıȻ䵽峤ȫ
ҲǵЦȫһǲԸԪҲ
΢΢һЦ˵ȥú׼һ£ʱǶ֣ˣ˶෴׻¡
æ磬ھͻȥ׼ãʱԺʹһ
ȥ֮ҲһЩ׼ҹʱ֣˿ʼǰԪ
˶ǰ벽ʥʵ˵Ժ۹ûмǵĶ֣رѾﵽ˰벽ʥߴɣǳ˵ãҪΪԪԵҲҹɱֵġ
˺ܿԪ棬ֱӷԪݶݶ֮ԪķϷ֪ԪסֱӾ
ʱʵ磬ҪȶԪ𣿡
ͷСӵʵ㶼ǿԪֻǻʾȻҪȶ֣֮ȥɱСӣʲôڣȫƵǵͷϣСк̨ҲҲҵͷϡ
ͷ˺ܿ䵽ԪݶǽҿݶһƬߣ濴ȥͿԪѾ˯£ûκεĶ
ʱˣĵķɵǷſڣٴ򴰻ȥֻԪڴϣں˯ͷʾĽ뷿䡣
Ĵ򿪷ţ߽Ԫķ䣬ǵʵԪܷ֣ҲûмŶ֣ΪΪԪѾ䵽ǵﻹ
һֱߵ˴ǰ˿ڴϵԪЦԪһҿ㻹ôӵóϷġ
̧־ҪԪǾոֵ̧ʱ򣬴ϵ˺Ȼ˶һֱӦֻԼȥֵ⣬ǵƵֵ֮ԼƾȻֱ䴩
ҽһԱߵ֪ô£ϵҲ˲ɳ˴⣬漴洫һ˵Ľд̿͡
һкΧܿ;ۼϰҸ˴˷ڷæ䣬ǳ֮ѾһƬĵƻͨǵյ
ǿվǰľȻԪһˣǵı鶼ˣոԪôȻͱСˡ
Ҷ״ʱվʮ׿⣬ڶ΢ЦҶЦϼһǲǺ֣ôҺȻԪˣԪҵĺ档
ʱ򣬾ȵͿԪҶ׵ĺ˳֪ϻᷢһ㣬ô·ˣе⵽ô£ô֪Ϸǰģ
ҶȴЦҪ˲֪ǼĪΪ˳ʲôϵǻɱԪģǰ׼ֻû뵽ȻҵĴϺͶϣ˳Ծѽ
ҶĲµǻ͵Ϯ𣿵ȻǣҶ׻û뵽ǽϻһĺãǾԪķ以ˣҶΪ˱ԪİȫҪԪ䣬Ԫͬ⣬Ҷ׵Ҫ֮Ҳûзԣϣ˸ոյԪʱͱҶ׷ˣҶ׸֪֮ǿĸ֪ǿ˻ǸոտԪʱѾҶ׽׼ˡ
ԲŻҶ׵ĻҲһͷСӣȾӮҲƾʵڿĴԶʵϷСˣϷҪ֣Ҳûס
ԼʵǳţԪ۹ʤָûмԪȻΧҶ׵ˣͲʲôοһ벽ʥߵİ
ҶЦ˵ҵĴʵǿǲ֪жǿ컹ʶʶ
Ҷ׵ĻߵԪֵæ˵͵ܣɴ⣬ϼһʵڰ벽ʥߴɣѵҪս𣿡
ҶЦҲ뿴ڵʵжǿܲһֱұȰɣģ򲻹һ𣿡
ԪҶ棬Ҳ֪϶ЩյģʵҶﻹûʲôգսʤѾе⣬ͺ˵ˣ벽ʥߴɣʵɲǸǵģֻͻǻʾ۷ʵƾʵսʤ˵ˡ
ֻҲ뿴Լܲսʤĸ֣Ӯǻзħóܽ£õʲô
Ҷ˵ﻹǺܸˣΪĻֱӶԸҶ׶ȥԸӶæǾһ¡
Ҷ׼ȻܾϾǰ˵Ǿɡ
¶һεĴɱ϶ҪȥˣɱҶףҲ̫ˣҲŹԪҶǲŹġ
СӣʱСˡ弱ٷֱӳҶ״һȭһȭʱΧ֮ͬУ֮ǿҶҲټġ
ʵȷǿҶҲ΢΢ԾæһƣһֱͨƵڶ㣬Ķ֣Բġ


 ƴǿ
ȻҶ׻һȭ֮оһǿˣһֱ˺ʮײվȣͬҲ˺ʮվȣҶЩԾǺܸˣԼܹͰ벽ʥߴɴƽ֡
ԾķˣΪոһȭѾȭʩչˣ8Ҷײסˣһ˸ƽ֡
е޷ˣҲ֪ҶײżȻҶ׵ʵǿΪûа취סԼ⾪ȭġ
С
еܲˣϾͷ˵ڶιһ⾪ȭһ˾ȭĵȼֱᵽǿһУҶ׼ϵѾﵽһֿµĳ̶ȣ֪ѾȫԸˣҶôҴ⣬ȫĳͨƣٴνп⡣
ľȭȼҲǻʽףֻľȭûҶ׵ͨƸ߼ȻͬǻʽףľȭǻʽƷҶ׵ͨȴǻʽƷֻѾ⾪ȭ˺ܸߵļ𣬶Ҷֻͻ˵ڶ㣬ʵϱȣһǰһҪһЩ
˫ٴӲӲȭһмʱֳըʽķ䣬Χ֮ڣеӶǺˣվǰӶֱǱƷȥķݶƵݶҶ׺ͬҲǷֿˡ
һҶֻоǿһԼͨȴûа취ǿزľȭУٴαʮףн׻ľȭҲǰ벽ʥ߼𣬻ûа취˵ġ
ûн׵ĻҶһο϶ҪˣԼҲ֪һ㣬Ҳ֪ԼʵжǿˣͰ벽ʥߴɽǲЩҪС
ͬǱʮףɫǷǳľȣΪһο϶ὫҶ׻ҲܽˣǵҶ׵ʱ򣬷Ҷ׸û˵ļ󣬻Ǻúõվ
˵жǿԼȫһȻûнˣһе㲻ˣѵԼӮ
Щŵģ벽ʥߴɿɲ˭ɵģҲҶ׸ոѾֻܵӦʲôѣֻҪԼټս϶
Ҳ⾪ȭˣҪҶףȡԼһѽǹ˵ǽǹһ㶼ΪΪóʱΧΪ֮һһյһ㣬յ˶ûа취ۡ
Ҷ׿ȡһƯĽǹЩˣһʲôȼı϶ҪԼ鱦ҪǿˣһҪսˡ
ҶҲȡԼıЦʵսʱˣոֻѡ
ҶҲЦոҲֻѣҾ档
ԼĻãɴǹһǹҶͷŶ⼸ǹЩ죬ʼֻǺСǹǵҶ׵ǰȻĺܴ󣬼סҶ׵ǰ壬ҶҲЩԾԼн׵ıҲû̫ģֱɱȥ⽫ǹȴûлˣֻǱ˺ܶǹҶ׹
ҶҲһѾǹĹ֮£һθоԼΣˣǹʵЩ죬Ȼûˡ
Ҷ׸æųԼķ֮ܣ⻹ڲıܷ֮ųϾ͵ֵסǹĹҶӹһΣգȻн׻˭Ҳܱ֤һֵܹסǹĹ
Ҷ׷ųһ⣬ʲôҲǷǳĺ棬Ͼͽеҿ㻹ֵܵסҼιеǹٴ֣һβǼˣǼʮˣЩǹճֵ̻һ㣬Ҷȫסˡ
Ҷ׳ԹǹĿҲոĽˣϾͶ㵽ǽ֮ܺ棬еıֱٻԼĽ֣Ҳ֣֣̳ͬЩǹȥ˲䣬еǹѾ
ǿ⵽ʲôȻٻҲЩԼ۾ԲȼûмԲһӦѾﵽһߵļ
Сӣԭôıзи߼Ϸ̫Ծˣ첻жͳͳĸʧЧϷҪܡΪܱ𡣡
ųԼĴУǹڿռ伤ǹȫһĹ쵽˸޷壬ȴʮ㣬Ҷ׵弱ٴ
ҶҲе㿴ĹˣԿĹж죬Ҵ⣬ָŽֱԼǰǽǹֱӴ̵˽壬һҶ׵ҲһΪٻģ˵ĻҲˣȻʵʵϣǱҶ׵Ҳˡ
ҶҲ֪ǹˣˣæǿ˽ķɱ񾻻ĸܱͼӵҫۣһʱķһĽǹٴδʱ򣬾Ȼûд塣
ҲǷǳ𾪣æȫʱҶҲµĹնȫټɱ񾻻һӱǽ˲󼸱ʵҲͬǿ˼޴ͷֱӳ
ҲǱһæŽǹȥǽȴη壬Ľǹֱӳڴȥ˫Ǵǿ״̬һ˲䣬ĽǹͣǴ˽ͷǵһԾԼĽǹȻҧסˡ
æսǹǽľˣȻûа취γԼĽǹЩֲˣƴγǹʱҶȴٴαһ
ɱ֮ۡͼһҶ׵ĵֻ۾⿴ۣǺСһ⣬̺ԳҶĹΪҶ֮Ĳǿ
ͬСɣһΣյϢϮڽǹƣҪӵĻǹ϶ҪҶ׸ˡ
ԼӦֵܹסϮΪҲ׻Ƿǳ߼ĿףͲҶ׵̴ܴĿס
Ҷ׵ɱֱ֮Ŀ֮ϣ͹Ҷɱ֮۵ΪϬһУؼʱʩչʱֻоԼĿڣ巢һʹɫ˾֣æԼؿȥͿؿھȻһĿ׾ȻҲǱ䴩ˡ
岢û̫ܵĴˣΪ׵ıֵסɱ֮۾󲿷ֵȴ˿֮ɱ֮۵ҲĵĲˣ޷ٶ򷢶µƻ


 ս벽ʥ
һȴ㽫ŸˣͬʱעҲɢҶץסᣬûдɱ֮ۻֻĿˣ򾪿ֵʱҶȫƵĽ͵趯ԼӴ壬ͷһ˦еĽǹ˹ȥ
ʱŻعæȥԼĽǹǽȴѾɵҶ׵ǰǹҶ׵
ҶѽǹоһĳأѽǹȻǺоؾܿĳɫˡ
һԼĽǹ䵽Ҷ׵ϾͽеСӻҽǹ
ֱӾͳҶˣҶʱȻˣǹֱһӣӵԼɽ֮Уе鱦һˢĳȥ
֪æԼľȭȥľȭڽϣֻýʱûа취ǰѣ޷Ҳ֪ԼֻһˣҲæ󳷣վ˼ʮ׿⡣
ǹ˵ˣû뵽Ҷ׵ĹȻһʼСĵĻҲᱻǽסҲᱻҶ׵ɱ֮͵ϮϧʱҲЩˡ
ûʵʹۿˣھûаսʤҶˣĻǽǶһشĴ뿴ûдðս
һҪҶҲЩˣΧȫҶ׵ˣ˿ߵʱҲһĲţϵȻҲҶˣϾͽеһϣҾͲʰСӡ
ûзԣܱһаգҪԼĽǹ͵ͷܣɱ
Ͼͬʱ˶ǰ벽ʥ߼ͬʱʵжǿͲ˵ˣΧضе㾪ˣͬʱоҲ̫ˣ벽ʥߣһ;Ȼ˼ֶԸҶһʮˡ
˵ҶҲ̫ˣȻڣôܺһ˱Ƚϡ
СڵĳҶҲ׼ȫԸ˵ǰסǵĹ
ϾͶǽҵĹ벽ʥߵĹҲýһĻζ屻Щ޷ƣҶ׵һθоԼ޷ư֮еĽˣΪԷĹʵ̫ǿˡ
УȥҪǻˣҶϾͷųԼľУɱۣ֮ͬʱȫγ˼ҶµĹǿĹ֮£Ҷ׵ɱ֮۾ԵôĲˡ
Ǿ͵ϮҲˣæеСġ
ͬҲҶ׵ɱ֮۳ԼҶ֪ɱ֮ۺѻ򣬿ʵҪһЩлὫˣֻҪĻаȡʤˡ
æ˼ʮף㿪ɱ֮۵ĹҶ׸ͣɱ֮ٴ͵һӣҵĹҲЩӦӲϾûа취ͬʱˣһ˴սȴҲǸоеģϾû鱦ûɣôܺ齣ȣܻѾǳˡ
ڴʱԪҶ׵ΣգϾȡһϵһǿһֻ󹭣ֻ󹭿ɲһ󹭣ˣ⻹ԪľԪһ¸óǵ˷ǳΣʱŻϡ
ڿ˸֪ܣȻֹҶףҶ׾Ҳ޷ֵס벽ʥߵĹæϵɽ֮ȡԼı֣һֻѸͼһҹ֮ôҫۣҶ׵ĽϵĽ⣬ٶȣ˵Ǵﵽһ˵ĵزҶ׶ʲôѾ
ʱںͽսʱȻоΣյϢæоҪʲô֮ʱǽѾɵǰһѾˣΪʵ̫ˣæųҪס˲ͱ䴩׼ȷ壬һӾͱķ˳ȥ
ϾԪʵޣĴ󹭵ȼٸߣҲܱؼǺҶڼս֮УǽսУҶϾͷǿĹűУɳȥ
ûԪһҶҲû취ôҲЩĿ˿棬ͿԪһѴЦҶ׾֪ǴڰͬʱҲ֪Ѵжˡ
Ҷ׸æǰ濴ȥͿ򱻻֮Ȼȵ䵽˵ˣǰȻ壬һסǸ۾ЩţԼı׾Ȼֻ䴩ˣԪ׹ˣԪеǰѴɲѽ
˵ԪԪ۹սǿߵʱ򣬾ƾһѴ󹭴ɱķ˵ʱмλʥ򾳵ǿΧԪԪη壬Щʥ߾Ȼûܹ㿪ȫ룬ҲΪʲôԪܹǿߵԭ
ȻĴţʵǲҲ֪ҲûмѴ󹭣˵ǼٵģǽԪеĴ󹭺֮ģѴôǿ֪ԪʵޣҪѴ󹭸ɱɡ
ʧɫ֮£æǼҪ۶ϣΪܰγγĻֻüͷԼ˺ʹ֮£Ȼû۶ֻֻжͣҲ֪ˣһķǳˣҪԪҶʵǽ춼Ӳ
뵽æеߡ˼ٳϿշȥҶҲûȥ׷ǻصԪߣһϲĿԪеĴ˵磬ѴѽȻҲˡ
Ԫ΢΢һЦѴ󹭿ɲһĴ󹭣ıҷ󷨱Ȼˡ
Ҷæ˵磬ⱦʲôȼģ϶ȼܸߡ
ԪЦѴ󹭵ȼȷܸߣѾﵽ챦ˣһ챦Ʒ˵ʵĻӳ󹭵ʥ򾳵ǿҲɱϾƾѴ󹭣еǿߣԪ۹
챦ƷȻǸ߼ѽԼ鱦ǰʲôˣҶҲЩϲ֪ǴķԼȻҪˣҶæıԺҲ鷳ˣллĳȣҪȻСܻĺѻǡ


 峤
ԪȴǹЦ͵ܣıֶôĤˣ㲻սʤ򣬾Ȼܺ˶Կʵ绹˵ʲôֻĤݣԺ͵ܿҪúõĴڴ缸УôҲﲻ͵ľ磬Լʵһˡ
ҶæЦû⣬ֻҪʱ䣬һὫһģֻǴæڹӶҲûжʱˡ
ԪЦҲ˵˵ѣҪǿȥ֪ҪʲôʱʵҲ˲ٺֻϧ츳ѽҲֻǻʾ͵ܾҸ߼Ҳºˣ绹ǺúõѵӰɣǴǿ
Ҷʵ磬ոһУôˣ
ԪæǴʵôˣһӦؿڣӦû̫ʵָܻˡ
ҶæҿһγӦǵ峤ɣҪҵǿһһˡ
͵ܣѾ䶯۹峤ԲưոݵģҲ֪һλȡʲôжԴҵ˽⣬һǻģķܻǲȡǿĴԪ˵
ҶҲ֪Ԫ˵ĻģȻԼһٻҼλϣҳ⼸λ֮⣬ǿĻǸ峤ĻǾҶҪˣԲǺ׶Ըġ
ҶȴЦҪľ۹֪ĻҵĶͻԽԽǿ󣬴ıҲԽԽֻ࣬Ӻ¡
Ҷ˵ʱǴҴææĸϻңǵһһǿĶ֣ﻹھȣҶôǿʵѵǸ˱ģ
Ҷ׵ǲӣλǿαװȵ˳ԺԼķ䴭ؿڵڶûаγ
æ˵磬ô£ôβ
ҡҡͷⲻһһǧ죬ǿ߾ƣҲûа취۶ϡ
͸żæô죿ûбİ취
ͷȻˣȥ峤ıı챦ɽֻϡ
֮æȥҵ峤ˣҵ峤ͳԺЩ룬ŰСʱ֮ҵ峤Ǽæӣɫ˾ȡ
峤һλͳߣʵȻҲڰ벽ʥߴɣȴǿ˿ձߵǰ˵ϣһ£Ҷˡ
æͷ豦͵£ֻűϡϾץסֻ¶˵ļͷһֻϼŴϰγ
סʹæһ˵ҩѪֹסͬʱʼϢ壬ѹסơ
֮Ͼʵϣô£ֻѵԪֻģ
ͷ峤Ԫһ˲£һսϷΪҵһս˻ܣһˡ
˵̾ȷǷǳܵæοϵʵȻֻ֪˵ǶԷʵһԪıﻤȻǺѶԸϺúˣñ峤Դ
æʵ峤ζԸԪʲô취
ҴټҵǿӶţǽһγ׵Ĳȫˣܱ˴֮𡣡
˵æ峤Ļ»յķԣԪɲһˡ
ȴЦЩջʲô첻һ˳ȥԸԪģһὫͷҲһϣȥֻں濴֣ЩȻΪڹԪֻû̫Ĺϵ
Ҳͷ峤ܵϷ峤һȥϷҪǸСӺԪץסǸʲôһҪ
˶˵ûʲô󰭣͵ͷǺã͸һȥҲ뿴ǹԪǸʲôӡ
ڶ죬Ԫ۹ĻʹǰǵĹ߰˳ߣȻһ٣ȴǷǳĿ࣬ǵľߵ˹ǵǰǿʱ嶼ɵĶһ£ѽҵ峤ȫجΡ
ȻԪ۹ĹκεֻҪǮйأȨйص飬Ҫһ֣ʹ˴󲿷ֶǵţȻǶˡ
ǰӭһЦݵ˵峤ôˣ
ҲֱӾǵǰæһ£Ϳżɽ˵ӦѾ֪Ԫ˰ɣôѽ
ûֱ˵ԼİţҪôģǲô죬ὫԼһ
֪ԭԿҲĶˣţڵõȷеϢ֮ʶصöˣǸ̫ѶԸˣһ˾ͽŪǼȮˡ
Щϲ޲Ҷ׶ҵĳϸɱˣĻҲһЩвˣֻ뷨Ҳֻ룬˵ߵ˶˵Ϊߵ˶ҵˡ
֪ҪԼˣæ˵ʵܸߣһ˸޷ץסҲֻ峤Գˡ
ǾԳˣæĻûʲôˣȴЦҳȥʰȻں濴Цǰɣ
ɲǻ峤һ仰ǵλ˵ɫеѿæ˵峤ˣôܻ뷨ʵҲȥģҺ˵ǵ㱾㻹ȥҲﲻ峤æ˵׸
ȴЦûйϵ׸ҲԸţҴȥץԪҶͯ͸һȥĻʼӣһȥʰһ
Լ뷨˵ǵɫˣҪԼȥڻѽԪɱҲҪɱˡ
ȴûа취ܾʱҪǸ˵Ļ˵ܱһ٣鲻ǲܷģǰ黹ûأҲֻˡ
æǾ峤İţһʼȥץСӵģԪԪ۹̫ҿǻɡ
ǻǲԪͻȴûзԣֻҪȥʱ˭֣ҲֻΪǶ֡
ǻΪӦˣﻹܸˣæھټ׼峤ȻȥǰԪ׽ﷸġ


 𾪵۹ս
ǵСıȴһۿˣЦҲõˣھȥټϷһȥԪǡ
һ۾ͿСˣȥԪǲҪĥ䵽ڲˡ
ΣֻϾټڹȴţټ˻ʳӼǧҲԼˣԪڵӶѾǧˣҪɲ˵Ļ㲻Ҫʰˡ
ԿǽǧԪҵ͵ͬҲǴﵽǧ֮࣬ǵʵԶԶҪʼӵʵˡ
ǿľڽֵ߹ϾϰյΧۣܿ죬ڴϴˣҪԪ
Ϣһ۹һƬ𶯣ʳǸǱֵǷз֪ܶϢ֮󣬶ƿڴ˵壬ȻҪԪ֣֪ԪǿԪ۹
ǵľѾƺƵĿԪʼҾԪʱſȴһǽסˡ
ԪſڣۼųǧӶЩӶУһɫĴ󵶿ף˿ǻʼӣȻװûôۣǵʵȴȻʳӲ
ԪΧۼųĹ֣һңʱ׼ôʿǺĻʳҲסˣæܵȥǡ
ǵõϢ֮Ҳ̲סԪȻˡ
æֶߵ˵峤ԪȻ֪Ҫˣ㿴ô죿
ȴԥ˵ô죿ɱȥѽѵҪԳֲɣ
Ǳ˵еѿ뷢һ֣ƿ޷ƣæ峤Ԫ׼㣬ҿɱȥδؾȡʤһԪ룬ҿǲİ취Ȱô
֪ǲҶ֣̺ȵǣǲ붯ְɣҪλʱԽȥʶ㣬ӷ
ֱϲģҲò£ҹԪ
Ǹոʱ򣬺ȻԶһӰٰ֮УվԪݶ֮ϣ̧ͷһǲԪ
Ǹæ˵峤Ԫ档
ȻҲԪʱԪ˵ǣǸԪĴԪˣҲǣǸĻȥ޻ء
Ͼʹǵ߷˰գͣڰ֮кܳʱ䣬ǼȥˣŷһЩϾͶߵ˵ȲҪ˵
ϵʲôʱʲôʱԪ˵ԪԪļҵӶǺ⣬Ҽʻ㲻û˵ԭ෴ҵļλϻˣ㵱ô۸𣿡
ԪЦҲһٶˣƤǺܺĳʻֱҪ֣ѵԪǶֲɣԪ۹Ǽ崴ģļʲôϸҹԪֱˡ
ԪǧྫҲǵָӲܣܽʼܡ
Ҳ׼ȵԪҪΪû˸Ҷ㡣
ԪЦбͷɡ
ȴ˵ϷûôɵȻˡ˵£ǵߺȵǣô֣
ǱΪᶯ֣ϼһȻֻ˵Ҫ֣ǱҪʱȻɫһ䣬弱ٶܣͼһΣǵ룬ȫ֮ڡ
ŵɫˣһϳԪոҪԪĻѾСˡ
ϣǻǺܸмԪģ̧ͷһͿԪվݶ֮ϣǰһֻңʱ׼֡
ʱȴѾٴηɵ֮УŭԪȻ͵Ϯң
ԪЦΧԪΪʲô͵Ϯ㣬ѵҪҲɣֻǱָʹҵȻҪȳָߡ
Ҳ˲ôˣȵҶΪϷ򲻸ɱ㡣
Ԫȴηб¾ٶȿ죬졣
֪Ҫ̫ĻҲ޷ܣΪļӵԵģڰ֮иı乥һĹٶȣκ˼ҲҪ˱ᣬ
ϾͶǺȵ϶
֪ҲЩԾȥƣҲɵװŵýԴ㵽ȥͲĽ¡
װģû޲ھȥɱǣҲô˵ɱ˹ҵ峤ԺԪ۹Ҳûа취ȥˡ
ûа취ֱӳԼǶϡ
ЩҵĴ֮ϾͶԪ˹Ǹոճ嵽ǰ棬ϾӭһƬļ꣬Ԫ¥ϵȫǹ֣ǵȵľ֮˿뷢һʱҵ
ҲЩˣϾͳ嵽ǰ棬ҪЩвĹȫǵǸոճ嵽ǰʱȴһ˸סˡ
ʱɫǷǳѿҶˣҶ׵סǵȥ·ϻЦ˵λϣû뵽ôͼˣϵ˺˵ûжϣϻʲôõķûУҪǴĻ͸ҰɣҲʡˡ
ĶҪѪǺ޲ɱҶףһ峤Գ֣ȻҲõʲôϾͺȵСӣһ군ˣҿ컹ôܡ
ҶЦʲôʱ˵ҪܣǲҪˣɱңһϰɡ
ҶҲûη壬һսҪȫԸˣϾͶҶ׷˹һǲһôģ˫ʹȫҶе鱦ͬʣһʱϷ˽˵ıͬҫۣա
벽ʥߺҶ׽ҲΧ˿ľŵǣҶ׾ȻǴ൱֮ȫ˵Ĺȫֵ˹һʱ䣬ȴûеõκεıˡ
ǹʱҲǿҪԪŵģǿ˵൱ȶԸҶףϾԪòֱӾͷɵҶ׵Ķ棬ҲĸȥԸҶһˣ֮һֱӳȭӰҶ׵ǰϮ


һʮ 
Ҷ׺սѾȫԸϸǿͲֵܵסһ̣Ҷ붼û룬ٳӵȫ
ϼһ˼ѽϼһҲˣȻһˣǺ˼ѽҶҲ֪Ｄŭǡ
Ҳ֪е֣æߵ˵£Ϸѵ
˸æ£ͶҶ˵СӣϷ򵥶Ӧ˰ɣ
ҶȴЦ⣿ʲô⣬ˣҶˣҲֻĺƤҶ֣ˣҲƽϣ˭˭
ЦСһھͿϷôΪֹûκεõȭֻǳҶ׵ڰ֮ȭӳеȭ
һȭͼȭӰڰ֮ͬһ޴ɳҶ׷ҶҲҴ⣬ֱ֣ɱȭȴߺȻѣһҶֱӱ˳ȥ
Ҷ׸û뵽ȭĻ죬ôˣֱӱ˼ʮ׿⣬Ҫн׵ıܾҪˡ
ʵҲֻѪЩӿѣҶ׸æȫѹסˣϢһ£ʱЦ֪ҵʵ˰ɣֻϷȭһʵھ֪ȭ
Ҷ׵һμʶڰ֮ըȭ֪Ļͱܿˣһǰ׼˵ϼһⲻ͵ϮϹһصͲϵڶˡ
ȴЦҵҪ㻹᲻ϵһȭͷٴδһεȭӰӵӴ󣬼ֱһʯҶҶ֪һεı϶ҪǰǿæܣͲӲӲǿȭͷȻ׷ܹһ㡣
ҶҲЩƼˣ⻹ܶɣҶϾͬһƣֱͨӺȭϣͬʱųԼķ֮ܣͼͨƻȭȴǱȭֱӸɢˣҶҲǴһϼһȭȻô
ѵųըҲ̫ˣҶ붼û룬鱦ͬʱѾɳʮ׿⣬ըҲ˲ԼʲôΪн֮ܵı
һȭȻֻǱ룬ȭӰȴֻͷԭһԸٶȳ
Ҷе㲻֪ôˣ̫ˣȭôҶֻȭٶ죬ϾҪ׷壬Ҷûа취鱦ʩչֱӳȭͷɶȥ
һȭǱɵıըˣͬʱҲȭըը˺飬Ҷ׵ҲһѪ˳òײסԼ
Ҷ׳Կ֮󣬾ͲٺϼһﶯˣҪҵȭİ취УҶ׸æȥһֱɳ׿⣬ʱæʦѽͽҪըˣ⵽ʲôȻᱬը
Ҷ״ûĹ˵һŶݼ֮νƫˣܽγɱըǷǳɹҲǺܴģҲʶˡ
Ҷæ˵ʲô취Ըܲһֱըɣܻᱻըġ
ȴһ㶼żЦʶʶЩҲкôԺ֪ǵˣҪԸõİ취ȻǲըˣѣΪըʩչߣûа취ֻںԶĵطͽˣ߾뿪ԶԶġ
Ҷæ뿪϶ǲеģĻô㻹˵˵ôˡ
˵뽫ҲѣҪŻᱬըˣֻҪ㽫һ˵ߣͻԶը
Ҷеǻǵû˵Ҫըҡ
ȴǺٺЦѵͲὫ˵˾ըҲƲˣԴȥӶ֮Уըʹ죬ܴҲֲ˶õģըͿԶˡ
ҶһԴ˵ԭҲֻʦİ취ҲȥըԼ˰ɡ
ʱҲѾ׷ٴγҶ׷Ҷ׾ָ㣬Ͼͳ˳ȥֱҵӶϷΪҪҵӶ֣ҵķһʱһȭӰҶ׹Ҷ׿׼ʱֱӳȺ
ȵȺʱҲ˹ջѾˣһͲ᳷أֻǱըһըʱͽΧʮ֮ڵӶըǵɳȥһըҼʮӶز𣬶Ҷȴö˶˵վЩӶϷ
Щˣһô֪ȭܣȭһַǳŵ֮û֪˾ͱըһ˸벻취ųԾʱҶ׾Цϼһɵ˰ɣȷϧҲ㣬ҪĻҷ㵽ףըԼˡ
һҲʩչȭˣȭΨһ޷ıըҶѾˣĶԶԶȭº˵
ҲģȭϵıЦȻѾ㣬Ҿ͸潣
ĽȻõģҲĶ֣ҶԼҲýȻҲϣһ˵ʲôʹɡ
һһĽͳҶ׵ǰһŻһĽǳĺÿڰ֮оȻܹ۳ΣûκεӰҶҲЩ⣬ѵҲܱըȻһ㣬ҪĻҲ̫аˡ
ʱǽȻֳ꣬Ȼ壬ԭɱУҶҲǷǳ𾪣æ꽣ǳĿ죬Ҷ׵סеιȴǻ壬֮ܶûüųͱˡ
Ȼн껤׵ıĽȷǷǳĸ佣ֱӴ̴壬ȻѾ˺ܴǽˡ
Ҷ׸æ˺ʮף鿴һԼƣһˣȷ⣬һһ죬һƫŵˣȷǷǳǿ󣬳䲻⡣
Ҷ׻ûüʲôʱĹٴϮҶײòæֻһҪԵľͲһ佣ˣĽЩһαɸĽҶ׽˿ը


һʮһ ĸ߾
ЩɲһĽܹȵģǳǿĽӵͬǿĻɱҶѾæһʱųܷ֮֮Ҳ󲿷ֵĽˣֻЩǴΧϮ
ҶײòɱԼֱӻЩһսֶ˼ˣȻб׻Ʋ󣬿ҲǸ顣
ҶҲЩŭˣеıȫɱ屬ָһʱռɣִһףȫһΣſڣֱ˶
ҶǿĹѾӵ˼£ҲǵһμʶҶ׵ȻҴ⣬ǽͬǱ£һʱΧԲ֮ڶΧǽҲȫ֣ҶȫڽϮ֮£ȻСս
һ֪Ҷ׵ʵʵˣԻܰ벽ʥߴʵĶ֣Ҫ⽣ǳƫţڽĻɱأʱѾ嵽ǰˡ
ҶҲƴˣٴαܣǿĽڽ֮з߮ȻһδγѾǧٿףҶ׵ĿҲ˲ԽǳҲͬϢĲ
ҶؽҧӲǸʱŲȥĻսǷֳʤȻзʵȴѾˡ
ҶȻˣڽ֮ƴҲƴĵֵסĳһΣεĳҲ˾޴Ӱ죬֮ңʵǿҲѹﱩߵ
˫ȫһƾеĵزʱ˭ҪǺһͿܱܣǶ˺󣬶Ա߹սĸ·ҲǿɵˣҶ׵սǼǿս֮ȫһߵ׳۾һʱ䶼ˡ
ȴûп͵ϮҶףǾ򿴵ҶѾƴֵûʲôٵֵǵĹˣæ˵Сӱ峤סˣ͵Ϯлɱ
Ҳͷ˵Ķԣھȥ͵Ϯ
֮󣬼ͬʱҶ׷ȥҶһˣҲǰвãʱûа취ڳԸǵģҶֻǷ
嵽Ҷ׵ǰеСӣһҿ㻹ôԸҵĹ˵һгҶ׵ͬʱıҲҶ׵һ˶ǰ벽ʥ߼͵ϮҶ׸޷ֵ
ȻҶ׻ķķһ˵͵ϮͬԵֵҪԼķ֮ʱȻԶһֻŵæ˺󣬿ֻǳ۾һֱļҪܼʱ඼Ҫˡ
ҶϾ֪ǴԪˣһ󼤶Ըƾ˼ֻ֣ûа취
֮ŵøæ˳սͬ˵һߣͿԪ߾׼ǡ
ˣæ˵һﲻǶΣգҪе
Ȼˣ˵ĲλҪԲûʲô⣬æ磬һ̫ˣûа취ѽ
ȴ˵ǿԷֿܲһ֧䵽ɡ
ĻȻеǶҪðˣԪȻһ䵽򣬿һ˻а취ģҲЩԥȴҪˣ˱УҲᶪʵҲûӳϡ
˵ˣȻҲΥϾͷֿԪԪǵ뷨ҲȻҶߣ乭һֻͳںҶ״ս
һξҲһԾֻܸ֮࣬æֳʵԿԪҲ֪ԪΪ˱òȳսһˣǾҪҶ״ľ޴󹥻
Ҳûİ취ˣֻȥոҪԪ֮ʱҶ׼ˣȫҪߵȥһɫĹâǽֱֲӱУ˵档
ҶױĹֶΣԼЩԾһ⣬Ȼһ۵ڶͿ֪ˣܹǰĹ
ҶҲ֪ôµʱ򣬾ЦСӣû뵽Ȼĵӳˣǰȫںϱ֮£ܹﵽĸ߼Ĺ̺Ĺǰĵڶؾǰǵһصȵ㽫ǰһų̶ȣͻȻȻγ˵ڶصڶص⣬Ľ⣬㻹ֻǸոɣҲֻǴﵽ˵һʵһʵԺǰʵ࿹ˡ
ҶϸĽܣ֪Լִﵽһµľ磬֪滹к֣ܶû˵û뵽־Ȼǰں֮ŻɵȴǰҪǿһ
ʥ鴫ѽһâͽأҲ֪ǸʲôҶĵĻƣĵԼոɵʥ
ʦʥǵǺ滹ûиǿ
΢΢һЦȻˣһʮ֣ǰǵһոɵʥǵڶڶ֮ϣеڰҪ㽫ǰϵֻںһ𣬲ڰڰǵʥļڰ֮ϣеھǾǵصˣǾҪ㽫͵ڰȫںϹͨɣھ²ĵõģΪʦҲ˵ôˣԺԼҲ֪
ҶѾǼˣǵʥѾǿһǵһʵǵڰֵھжôǿ롣
ʦ˵ʮôֻ˵˵ھˣҶæʵʦ㲻˵еʮôɵģ


һʮ ǿ
ȴЦ˵ʮΪʦ֮ûи㣬ΪΪʦûɣʮҪ㽫ǰеߵľ磬ܽʮɣΪʦмˣҲûɣҿͲҪˡ
ҶҲǣʦжôûɣԼҲˣѾܲˣȻֻǵһ㣬ֻҪŬǿԷӸǿ
Ҷ׺ʱѾվڵϴˣһˣԼţȻҶ׵ĽȫˣҪ֪а챦׵ķױȻҶ׵Ľ䴩û뵽ǽĽȻǿ
ʵҲûκε⣬ǵһҶ׵ĵеˣҺûҶ׵һʩչʥ⣬ҶϤˣ½ˡ
屻ֱӶҩƣǵµҩ֮󣬾ȻԼûеĸԭǸԭҲǷǳĻǰƸԭȫͬҲɵˣѵֹ˿ڸԭ
һλıµˣʥһ壬ҪҩָǷǳѣӵִеļƷ˵ҩſ˿ڿϣĻĵ˿ڷǳĸԭɡ
ʱ͸оսѾˣѾˣ϶ǲսˣҶ׵ĶˣһһӵԪϽ㳷ˡ
ʱҲߣֻһУǶŹΪӦƲأΪмƷױǵߵʱȴɫǳѿһֱס˿ڡ
Ǹǣ峤Ʒǳأæʵ峤ôˣ
æ˲սˣϿǳˡ
һ峤˵أȻҿˣæһȥȴڰֵҪңҪȻͱСӿˣֻȥö鳷ˣԼ뿪
ڴ㳷˵ʱҶ׿ƲᣬͶ˵ʦˡ
ЦȻˣոһ⣬䴩壬ֻǿŶѣڿȥ׷ɱ
ҶҲһܣɱԼõľֵ϶Ҫﵽһܸߵ֣ͻǻʾ۷壬ҪͻƵ벽ʥߣǾҪľֵεľֵָߴ˰ɱһǻʾ۷֣ҲǰֵΪѾͻǻʾ۷壬ʹɱһǻʾ۷֣Ҳһ벻ľֵˣľ֪²ʮľֵɱһ벽ʥߣſܴﵽһľֵҪɱһ벽ʥȻӵѡ
ҶҲǰһ벽ʥߣ벽ʥߣȻѾҪĻҲעһˣο벽ʥߡ
Ҷ׾ûм׷ɱҪֵĻҲҪһ֣֮֮ܲǰû׷ɱҲǶԼǺģԷƴʱҲѶԸ
ʥ⣬ĽǻɱˣֻǲڣҶ׾ǴԼǰٳˣ˴æͳԪΧҲں泷ˡ
ʱ򿴵ҵ˶ˣһˣʳ̳ˣһûˣҲûлԪиĽˡ
ҲϽ˺泷ˣǵĴ󲿶ӳ֮ԪҶ׵ߣոտҶ׺ĴսѪڣ֪ҶҲǸողлĻᡣ
͵ܣոѽȻҲˣһĶҪ˱ᣬԪ۹Ѿܼˡ
ҶʵҲǸողŴԼľϲ֮лָЦˣʵԼ֪ԼܻͽΪɣûԹô֪ûаա
˵ĺܶԣҶҪǺսĻҲܼǱܣٻ
Ҷս峤ԼλϵϢϾʹʳǣЩһֱԥǲǸüҶµӶӵ֪ҶױҪҸӶԶԶңΪʲôȥͶء
ǲΪұҶҶ״ǱӴܣǻʲôµģսոսãȺӵӶͳ˹ҶһʼΪҵˣôֻˣЩһԪֱӾȥӶҶŪǲҲģġ
һʱ䣬ʳǼеӶҶˣԪ۹ʵõӶڻʳǣΪǽɽͨЩӶ֪Ҷ׻ңϾˣԪһӾͱЩӶˣû֮ˡ
ҶǶԪЦ磬ϵĵԽԽˡ
ԪȴЦ޲ԽԽãǵĶܿҪﵽ֮ˡ
ʵǵѾҪӽһˣһӶ͸ˣӶ룬ܶӶŶŵļ룬Ӷʵһܺõ
ЩӶż룬ҵӶҲʼҶͶһսѾǶҡˣǵ峤Ҷ׵Ķ֣ǻʲôֲܿдӶͶҵʼҶɡ
ϣﳩǰ㱨Ѿﵽһǧˣǽټǧ֮࣬⻹ΪæܶӶò
ȻҶߵĿҲСеǮﳩľϸ֮»ǮҲܶ࣬Ҷ˵ҵӶҲˣˣæﳩȥҵӶ룬Զõʮĳ
ҶȻҪҵӶȫŪĻҸûʵˡ
˵ڶ죬Ӷ͸ˣΪ˸Ǽ룬ﳩæͷ󺹣Էʱ䶼ûУֻǸϽӱһٴļ˰ǧ֮࣬һѾǰ漸ˡ
ļʱҶ׵ĶԽԽ˵ʱ䣬ʹﵽˣһڼӣʳǼеӶҶ׵£ôҲԪﳩæˣҶ׵УȥЩ飬ȫԪ
ԪԪ˧ͳ⼸Сһ׮쵼֮£⼸˺ܿͽϵͳѵʵĸߵͷְ֮ǻʾѾﵽǧˣǻʾ۷߶а֮࣬˵ǵʵѾȫԺҵӶˡ


һʮ ҵʥ
ʱңȴѾˣҶ׻֮󣬲ٹˣҪ˻ָȴǼͷ󺹣ΪеӶһļ٣һ֮ʱǧ֮࣬ȥҵӶܿҪҶ׸ˡ
ʱҪȥвǣǸɴͶԼʱҲ֪Ǹ˻ѹΪһοҪԪʰˣѹΪԪǿˣ϶λҲֻǹûκεİ취
ܿ첻ǻʳǵӶͶҶףԪ۹Ӷ˷ͶҶˣԪ˵һ춼ûƽÿ춼Լǧ˵ĹģҶ׵£ҶѾƿԪ۹Ӷ
һˣǼҶӶʵԽԽǿܿҪǣҲסˣˣټսʵֲҶ׵Ķֻ֣ҵһƣ档
֮Եڲȥ棬ʵΪһֱڱչѾʮˣûмűϳԪ۹ķգǾԲȥˡ
ıչ֮أҲȥһֱڴſڣΪ֪Ը׵ʵ֪ˡ
ĸףʮǰѾﵽǻʾɣ峤֮λ֮󣬾ר˭Ҳ֪ڵʵжǿ
һֱаʱ䣬ǲȥţֱ磬Ǳչ֮ŲŻ򿪣߳һСͯʮңʵȴǳѾﵽ鵤
ʮļһܴﵽľ磬Կߵõ˶ٺôͯӶ˵ȥ
һ⻰æͽ˹У֮󣬾Ϳһʯ֮ϣ˫գ֮С
ԱߣֻһʯһЩճõ֮⣬ͯվǿʯԱߣʱķԸ
ҲҾף͹ԹԵվﲻҳʱȴˣ㻹𣿡
һŵøæ͹ڵ˵ףȫ֪𣿡
˵ô飬棬ô֪ܲȻһСС˻ܣǶҵϽԼ졣
붼û룬ֱӾԼĶһһ죬κεķܣֱЩˣźȵˡ
Ϊ峤ǰҲֻһСѣ˵С޶ʵô㻹Ҫǿ˵Ļݷͬһ㡣
æ˵ǣһҪҸϳԪ۹ʲôݣҵĵˣ븸Գ¡
ЦһСС޶Ȼ㶼ûа취ҪϷԳ֣еЦȻϷȥϷҲǸոͻʥ߼𣬾ͽץʲôˣ
һͻƵʥ߼˷ܲѣһСˣæ˵ϲͻˣһҾ͸ǿˡ
ҲЩ˵Ϸʮ꣬Ϊһ죬Ժ󲻵Ԫ۹ϷҪҵĽ䵽ܱߵĵ۹ҳΪһʵĴ塣
ò˵Ұĺܴ󣬵ʵˣʥ߲˭ͻƵģһ۹ӵһλʥǾǵ۹ǿߣæ˵Ժڸ׵Ĵ֮£϶̲Χеļ壬ΪĴ塣
ȴЦǲҪ˵ЩˣѾǷƮҡˣ峤κܴ󣬵ҽСץ֮ˡ
Ҳ˵˵ȥɣϷȥǸСӺԪġ
æ˳ң֮ɫͺöˣһƬϲӣѾͻʥߣǷǳ⣬ȻѾ˼ʮ꣬ͻʥȴǷǳļѣܶ˶ǱֻΪ
һһʥߣǾԿԳƵǴˣǰȻһļ壬ǱЩ˵ǲĺԶΪһ϶ķʽǿļ֮ûʥ߼ǿߣеĻǴ壬ûеĻٴҲƲϴ塣
֮ϾװһҪһȥץҶ׺Ԫκ˶ûа취赲
ڴʱ̶̼ʱҶѾļ˳˵ӶӶѾҲ£ʱҪǱսҶҲԶԿˡ
ؼҵѾȣ϶Ǵ򲻹Ҷ׵ҶԼʲôʱȥңչԼΪ˶Ըңô˵ˣӦÿȥԸˡ
ȻһӴļ壬ǵķ֧ȴҲǺǿ˵ĵ۹֮ҲǺܶ࣬ҶڵԽϳ۹ֻҪҶе㹻ǿ
һֻǿõİ취һλָӴ̵Ľһ棬ԪɾҶ֧ˣԪλʮӵĽڣҶ׸òЩӵ顣
ֻҪԸңҪȶԸңʱңѾǿˣҶʱԪҴææܵķ䱨棬˵ҵˡ
Ҷһ⻰֪һһʵĶˣæ߳䣬Ѿٴϯȫ룬һλж͵ߣҶһ۾ϳ϶ҵ档
Ҷײ̽ʵʱǴһ߾ȻѾͻʥߣȻֻǸոͻƣʥߵʵӦģҶ׾еоѹˣΪǿӦҲڰ벽ʥ߼ڰ벽ʥ߼ǿһսģ򲻹ܻǿԵġ
ֱӴﵽʥ߼ͲǶԷĶ֣Ҷ֪һοºˣҪԣǰϺǿˣû͸ˡ
ʱԪҲߣԪͬԾʵڼʮǮȻѾﵽ˰벽ʥߴɣ˭Ҳû뵽ͻƵʥ߼ԪʵϾͶҶ˵͵ܣܣϼһʵ̫ǿˣ㲻Ķ֡
ԪսҲ֪Ҷ׵ʵʵˣӦǿԺͰ벽ʥ߼ģһﵽʥ߼Ҷ׻Ƕ֡
ҶҲ֪ԼĶ֣3ȴҡҡͷܣҲôˣϼһ϶׷ɱңβսһҲûʲô
Ҷ⻰˵ɣԪȴǳĵģæ͵ܲҪ嶯취ܹѣΪ󡣡
ʱԪѾԼ׼ΪҶڻߣҶȴҡҡͷ粻ˣһбߵģһǸսһսɡ
ʥߣҶȫûκεİգ˵Լֶ೤ʱ䶼ûеףֻ˵Ǵˡ


һʮ жľ
ԪҲǳĺڣûнʱҶȻҲ߹Ҷһһλǿߣ֪Ȼͻʥߣ֪Ļ϶Ҷ뿪ˣԲǰ
ʱѾԪȫΧǴһȻҶмҲȫϣΪԪô
οԷ棬ҲҶףҶͬʾԾһʮˣǸӵĸ
ָҶ׾ͶʵǸˣ
æͷ游ףʵǳǿʩչҲǳһǴﵽ˻ʽˡ
ͷЩҽץȥʡ
ͶҶ׽еСӣԹͶɣһܲġ
Ҷȴûк£Цϼһ򲻹ңȥһ㻹ϵļһˣҲ¡
Ȼ˵ôĿǻʾȻܻҲ֤һţϧ㻹ϷĶ֣־ܣϷҲ붯֣ĻϷɾˡ
Ҷ׽ЦҪ־ܣΣб¾͹ץҡ
Ҷ˵ҲеСһȻҲǺη壬Ҷֻʢûǿ߰ˡ
ãСе㵨㲻Ҫ˵ҲҪʵ֧ŵģҪûʵĻòҪôĵӣϷ㡣
ҪԳˣǺܶ˶ǳڴ飬ȻЩ˲Ҷ׺ˣҵˣѾмʮûмˣ˵֣ڵʵǴﵽʥ߼Ǹ޷ģ˭뿴ʥ߳жôǿ
ҶҲ׼ˣǱԪһסһϰɣҪʲôĻҲˡ
Ҷ׼Ԫ˵ҲǺܸжͷǺðɣֵܶһ֣ʤΣһս
Ͼͷɵ֮УҲɵ˰գԪĹѾң˿Ԫȴһ˿Ԫļ𣿡
ԪĴҪҰɡ
Ц벻ұչؼʮ꣬ѾһСƨôˣһҺͳ죬ϷȲʰ㣬ϷС֮ǲӲ
ԪȴϾ˵Ҫֵܣɱҡ
Цһҿôֹҡ
Ȼ֣Ƴһצ̬͵ĳҶץҶ׸׼ԪѾûбãצֱӳԪץԪԾʱѾȵץסˡ
ԪɫˣȻץס˵ʥߵʵ治ǸǵģԶԶǵˡ
ԪԼܺһ£ڿ̫ˣʥߵʵ̫ˣ˲Է
ץסֻ֮һۣ޷۶ϵȻľ۶ˣϼУЦھԼʲôζ
Ԫһ⻰֪ãæ뿪еĶϼѾ޷ܣۿԪҪԼУȻһҶ׳ˡ
ҶеıסĶϼֻΪʵ̫ǿӳһֻҶ׵ס֮Ҳо˫ַ飬鱦Ȼͱ˳ȥ
ʥ߼ҶҲǸоһȣǻĶϼҲԪתΣΪˡ
ԪΪԼһο϶ǱˣҶȴס˶ϼԪ˵л͵ܾˡ
Ҷ׻ΪʵȣæֵܣбҪ˵Щ𣿡
ԪҲЦŵͷͬҲЩԾոͶȥĶϼȻûöһİ벽ʥ߶޷ֵҶ׾ȻܹסĶϼɼҶ׵ʵȷ鴫ˡ
СӣܵסҵĹе㱾£ҪˣϷ棬ܵסϷеĻϷ뿪Ժ̤Ԫ۹㵲סĻ͹ԹԵĸϷȥ
ɱҶףҲе㵣Ҷ׵ݣŹҶףҶ׶Ҵ̫Ҫҽ
ӵʥʵҶ׸͵סУţҶȴһϢæϼһԼ˵ģɲҪڡ
ЦϷʲôˣᷴСҲ̫ˣΪϷĹո𣿡
ҶæҵȻ֪ʵǿ˵ˣֻҪҿסйͷңҶ⣬Ҫ˳ԪԪҵ鷳Ҷ𣿡
ȴЦϷкβң֮ڣϷҪûн£ϷˣԶ뿪
ҶϲæãһΪ
ҿôֵסҵСڵ׼ϷҪˡ
ҶѾȫעͷɡ
ٴαצҶϮһٶȸ죬ӵϬצҶ׵ľץȥҶ׸æɱһʱȫ汬Է˹ȥ
ҶٻĽ֮ʱҲ΢΢һǿĽȻǱҶٻˣȻԾȴûκεԥצı䷽򣬳ǽץȥ
ǰ벽ʥߵĻҶһǳĸˣΪֻýõĹһԵʥߣֻ˵һ⣬ûнĹ
Ȼǽ嵽ǰҪſצȴȻֱץס˽Ĵ죬һʹȻݺݵĸ˦˳ȥ
һ½˦ĲͻҷˣҶҲѹƲסĲһѪ˳ԪϽĵʵ͵û°ɣ
Ҳǰʣ˻ûҶҲûлشΪѾûоԪ˵ˣǽ͸ˣȫĻָʱȴѾ˵˽ǰٴγצһҪٱץסĻ϶ᱻ˺ѡ
Ǿ֮ʱҶ׺Ȼһʥ⣬һʹǽЩֲæȥ赲ȴоһεĽ쳣ǿ־ȻյһʹԾ֮࣬æ˺󣬵˺ʮףٿԼ֣Ȼ˺ɫˣҪ֪ʵʥ߼Ѿǿ󵽱ҪӲǾȻճӡ
ԾˣǻʾʩչҲʩչǿʵСʵ̫ˡ


һʮ еǷ
Ծ֮࣬æϵƻָˣ˲ͱԭӣȻʥǶĸ˵һЩϾҶֻʩչʥһʵ
һҶȴǻĹҲǶһˣҶ׸æջؽ˵Ѿֵһˣ㻹ʣιҵֵסˣɲҪڡ
ȴǴЦСӣ벻ȻܵסһεĹոֻĹʵ벽ʥ߶Ƕ֣ʲôϷǺ棬Ȼӵ߼
ҶЦϵǺܸ߼ʲôϵ֪Ҳ㡣
ȴЦСһץ֮Ͳ˵ˣͷӲҲа취֪ϵϷõĻϷʵֻкܴҲϷĸˣǲɱġ
Ҷȴһõҵ㻹񣬿ɣУҪ˷ʱ䡣
ͷȻţϷͲˣһҿ㻹ôֵ
һβʹצˣһιֻץסҶףԸûʩչʲôʥ߼ʵǲʩչҲȫץסҶףʵԤϣҶ׵ǳǿҲò
һֱʩչԼƷһ׻ʽƷƣһӰֱӱ˵ĴСҶϮӰ֮оȻһӰŹһ㡣
ʥ߼ǿӵеı죬ͿԽԼУùĸǿӵӵǻۣ֪αܿԷĹ
Ȱ벽ʥܽеԾǸӽһ벽ʥû취Լ빥ϵģʥȴǰͷӳʥߵʵһֱӴҶס
Ҷ֪һεĹ쳣ǿûа취סֻǷųҶϾͷų˵һ֮ܣ֮ǰǱƻ֮󣬾ȻֱӾͱ˳ȥûκεá
ɰҶŵòᣬܾ֮ȻûеֵסӰæų˵ڶܣõķȻ֮ܳ󣬾ҲһԾӰǻܣֻܲûбɣͬǱĺˣһֱҶס
Ҷ׸æȫ鱦ӳĽٴܣӲǽֵܸסˣҶɿˣûа֣ȻܵסϾͼǿ˹ƣ˲ǿӰ֮еθӵԣҲ͵סˣĽֱӱ˳ȥͬҶͬɡ
Ҷڰ֮Ѿͷۻ岻ʹʱˣǿϾͽҶ׵ľָ˹վ˰֮С
Ҷ׻ҡҡԼԴʱ˵Сӣ㵨ԽԽѽȻҺʥ߽֣㲻Ҫˣ
Ҷ׿ЦôҪˣܣ𣿻սһѾס˵ڶˣһҾûˡ
ȴЦ̫ˣոһҪҰ㣬ѾˣһʹŵֵסĹȵеʱ϶ǿֵסĹûпܡ
ҶҲ֪ԽǺ棬ĹͻԽǿŹᣬôеϣҶ׾˵ҲҪƴһƴˣҪȻûлˣж͵ס˵ˡ
ҲǵͷЦ㻹еϢ϶ǲùģϷһ취֤ûޡ
Ҷһϲæʦ˵ѽôܶ㿪ĵС
Ц㲻ǻһ𣿡
Ҷæ˵ħ𣿡
ȴҡҡͷħǲȻħܰ벽ʥߣǶԸʥ߼ǿ߻ǲһЩҪø߼ķ
ҶϾˣæ˵̡
ͷʵѾͰ벽ʥ߲ˣԷӳ̸ǿķֵסһĹӦû⣬ֻҪ治ܳҪʱȥĻҲû취
Ҷ˷ܵͷҾⱦˣѽؼʱҪķӡ
Ҷ֪ӵеõķˣȻؼʱóˣʱҲҶεıַǳˣȻ˵˷߼ķͷǳĲ˶Ѿǿ˹Ҷױ֮Ȼվ൱˵ãҪ֪ĹӵģȻҶ׵ľһ־޴Ĺһ˸ָܻѣȻǺܿͻָڰ֮зУûһ㡣
ɫı֣òˣҶֻǶʮ꣬ͣǻﵽʲôľ磬󣬿Ҳֻд½ǿļܳĵӰɡ
ֻǵսѶģʣһУһе㲻ð죬̫أܾͻὫҶ׻ɱ̫ĻǸոܻûа취Ҷ׻ԼǴ˶ĵġ
һһʵӦÿ԰쵽ոƣҲɵʵѾܹҶ׻ˣɵʵžаսҶ¡
Ҷ׵õָ㣬æеϼһֻʣһˣһҪûа취һĻˡ
ЦȻ֪СӣֵܵסιǴĳҵԤϣڶιɱ˰벽ʥκμĶ֣ȻûһϷǲǻбķǵĻǲ˼顣
Ҳµ϶ʲôڰҶףֻû뵽Ƿһ꣬뵽һλǿߵꡣ
ҶȴееǷոģһӵģӦʶɣӵķѵ𣿡
˵еɫѿæСһﻹͦ˵ģͲҪƤˣһҿ㻹ʲôֵҵĹ
һδһƣһͬʩչƣֻƵһѾﵽɵʵˣһƣӰۺӰӰ֮иԣѾܿӰģȻһģһ
ӰȻģһģҶ׼ӰϮϾͷų̵סˣͬʱΪ˰ȫæ̡
Ҳ֪ҶⱦʲôĹ˿ûмֻһӰصĻ̣ҲһĻζҶ׸ǻζƴĿ̡ҡε̫
Ҳе㿴ĴˣȻֵסԼĹһûӰʧ˲ǿһӾ˰˳ɵʵһӰֱǿ󵽽̻˳ȥҶ׸Ǳζͷת򣬲ûб˦


һʮ ȱǰ
ҶҺ֧ţջǿ̣ȵڰ֮УʥߵĹ֮»̣ܿҲǷǳĲˡ
ʱĵѾˣ֮ĶľҲ˽ûܽҶ£˵Ѿˡ
ţԼһоȻҶ׸סˣ뷢ҶѾеϼһѾ꣬ѾˣѵҪˣ𣿡
Ҷ˵ĶóˣŭСӣʹõʲôȻֵܵסҵĹ
Ҷæôû˵÷÷ֵסĹҵı£Ѿˡ
Ҷ˵޻˵ȷˣֲ䣬һŭݣҲû˵Ҷ׼ˣҲʹǰ
ϼһѾˣǵĶľ֣Ҫ뿪ԶҪ̤Ԫһ
ɫ࣬û˵Ϊ޷ҲܾˣҪи˽ᡣ
ʱȴ˵Сӣˣթ˵ʵ˵Ȼû˵÷Ҳû˵÷εĶľֲ㣬սһ
ʱһ֮ˣȴû˵Զ׼ĽͲûзԣΪõĽˡ
ҶϾ˵Һģʲôѵ棬û˰ɡ
ȴһЦո˵Ĳǲû˵ҪҪⷨһαӦòһΡ
һҶ׾֪ҪˣˣϾͽеϼһˣң벻һٶˣȻôҪҿҲĻɫˣҽˡ
Ҷһѵ⣬Ҳ޹⣬ȷѽǽֲܾˣҶҲˡ
СӸұ죬ٸҶʦɱ㡣е
ҶȴЦ°ܽ˼ǰ֣Ҫ㽫ˣ㶼ûеԪ
ҲҶ˵һȷҶ׵°ܽʱȴ˵СӣҲΪ㣬ֻҪ뿪ұ֤Ϊ㣬ôҲҸһ㲹Ҳòˣ㲻ҪʲôֵҪ󡣡
ҲǾе㲻˼޷˽ϾˣòҶ뿪Ȼô˵ˣʵϵҶ뿪ǿԶֵġ
ҶЦ˵Ҳ뿪뿪Ź𣿽ȻҪˣǾûˣɣҸսһ
ȴǲм˵ƾ㣬ҪзոѾɱˣ־ܣǾͱϷˡ
ҶҲû˵֣ҪսȻ֪һο϶ˣѾزûлͷ·ˡ
ԪҲ֪һսˣͬǾսҶ׶Ԫ˵磬ˣСʵе㲻˼
ԪЦ͵˵Ļн죬Ժϼһս͵ģֻˣսҲԹˡ
ҶǸж˵磬һսɡ
˵ͷͬʱ˹Ԫһ޶ˣҶͬʩչ˶ȫܻܲͿһˡ
Ƿ˹ֻЦǰγԼıһ챦׵һɱһռ䣬Ҫ룬޴ֱһƬʴҶ׵ϮҶ׸æͬʱԪҪס⽣ĳǽ屻ǿĽ֮ϾͱֱٴҶϮ
ûа취ֵĽҶײòٴηų̣ûнԼǽԪ
ԪǰĽֱӱ̵ֵסˣȻԪǱķɳȥ岢ûˣҶֻн֮ܵķǽܱ֮ɱĵ˳ȥҶ׵ʹڽϮ֮£Ҷ׶֪һܻܲˡ
Ҷ׶еʱ򣬺ȻһĲԶϮֹǰĳһ磬ǽȫߣҶ׶ɵˡ
ǴһϾ֪ǸǰˣʱһӰ䵽Ҷ׵ǰҶϸһⲻ
ˣҶϾ֪϶ҲˣȻһ˻䵽Ҷ׵ߡ
һҶϾ쵰Ȼ˵˵һˣʲôѣҪѵ㡣
æЦ֮黹Ǵ˵ɣҿǰһǰ鷳
Ͼ˵ǻ򵥣ֱӽȫɱ˾ˣȥʰ쵰
ҶױȴǷǳĿģû뵽ԼľȻԵֻûнѽ
ȴЦϷҪ˺Ļɱˣҿǽǻ˾ˡ
˵ɣԽԽá
͵ͷͻͷ䵽˵Լ˳ȥҽǸϳȥ
һ۾Ϳ͵ʵѾﵽʥ߼𣬵͵״ﵽʲô߶ȣ̽һ£ԹԵˣʵе㲻ġ
˵ʵ֪ĸģܷ棿
˵㻹֪Ͽ뿪ĻҾͲˡ
ԷҲЩˬʲôʱ飬ͺȵȻ˵ϷҲûа취ֻǸˡ
ȴЦҪϷ֣
ôϷ򻹴û¹˭˵
ǺãҾ֪˭ˡ
Ѿ׼֣ΪǿֱһпٵֱɱͣһпľУˣһ֣ҪΪԷʵҲʥ߼Ҵ⡣
ȴĿɫһƬĲмֱǽϮſͳˣȻûʹֱƳҲʩչĳһƣһ֮£һ޴ɽͳѹĽӰ˲ʧӰ٣һһ֪һǿܶܶĸ֣æҪܣǵӰѾˡ
ֱӱĳ˰׿⣬ڰ֮ͷֱ䵽棬춼ûж
ͻ֮󣬲ûм׷ɱǶȵ뿪Ļͽȫɱˡ
һףҵ˶Ļ궼ûˣոǿǿǿһ֮ڻܣ֪ΣЩǿߵǰǻǲݽ


һʮ ĸ
˸æȥͼѪɫǳѿˣóܵصˣæʵôˣ
ò״ߣߣǲĴڣߡ
һ˵˺üߣҲŻˣǿˣ˭еˡ
ҵϽˣһʱ䶼ǶףҶײûǰȥ׷ɱҪԸ鷳顣
ʱͶҶ˵Ұ鷳ˣҪˡ
ҶЩε˵ǻȻҵס˵ɣ˶ࡣ
ҲæҲЩˣǻȥҶͯɡ
ŵͷãͻٺúʰ㡣
ʱԪҲˣոտ͵ĳ֣Ѿˣ֪Ϳ϶ǿˣֿǺҶ׺ӣ֪϶Ҷ׵ˡ
Ԫæǰ˵л˳ȣ¸м
ֻһڵҲǰ㣬ֻڰ˼£㲻лҡ
ԪͲ̫ԸԼҲûʲô˵ģǶ͸ӵ𾴣Ϊ֪ǿߺԼ˵ѾǷǳĲˡ
ҶæͶԪ˵λҵѣ壬Ҳѡ
ԪæǰкֻǵͷϾֶҶ˵˭ѣˣһȥ
ҶֻøһȥˣͺԪҲһҶ׵סͲûн뷿䣬һԪҲҪȥˡ
ԪҲ͹ԹԵվ棬͵ķһھܾˣԪҲûа취ֻøģҲԸ˵ԪֻԼص˷䡣
Ҷױط֮ȻΪҪǶҶҲֻ˵ԼԭȻǳҲûжΣҶ׵Ļ֮ȴ˵ʵһһģΪҲȥˡ
ҶﻹЩᣬæôԸȥˣﲻȥ𣿡
ҡҡͷѾõ˸׵ɣҲԸĻǲǿģֻҪܹؼңǾʹӦҲȥЩһ
ҶæЦǺѽͻȥɣȥúõĵĹȷǲ̫ʺ㡣
ȴǲ˵ϣѵû᲻ã
ҶԴ˵ʵҲȷЩ᲻õģϾĴ£ܲסɣȥŶԣﲻá
˵㻹еģһȥ֮ҪӦһ顣
Ҷæ˵ɣʲôҿģһ
ϣһȥ˵
ҶҡͷҪû취쵽ﻹкܶҪȥˣҿ϶ûа취ȥЩ顣
һܾˣֲˣ㲻Ҫ𣿵㵽Ҽ֮ʵˣٱҲѽ
ҶȴǼֵҲˣڵʵѾܹӰˣϲһԸң˭Ϲϵ
Ҷ֣ҲĶŵűɣʵʲôҵĸֳĻûˡ
Ҳҵ飬Լ֪ôģ㲻õġҶ׼ֵ
ûа취ֻýеҲˣ㰮ȥľȥģҪˡ
˵ľֱˤŶȥҶ׿뿪Ҳûȥ׷ϣԼķ飬ʱ˵СӣСѾͷϲˣȥļֲʲô£ȥʵõǳΪβȥ
ҶҡҡͷȥҵĻҪ֪ҪȶˣҵȲǸʱ˵Һ֮ĹϵԼŪȥҵĻ֪ʲôڻô飬ֻһһı𡣡
Ҳε˵ȻˣҲ˵ʲôȷǴһܺõĻᡣҲΪЩϧϾһӴļ壬ܽҵ֮٣Ҷȴˡ
Ƭ֮Ԫ˽Ҷ׿֮û˵ﻹԼ飬Ԫ˵͵ܣôûгȥ˼ң
ҶЩԾæ𣿡
ԪͷǸոߣҲ֪Ǹô£ߵʱǳȴһֱڻͷӦڵ㡣
ҶֱѾˣ̾˵ҲãԺҲ徻ˡȻ˵ȴЩᣬϾһЩӻǷǳĵġ
Ԫ˵ֵ͵ܣҲ֪λʲôϵҿóǳĹ㣬ôܲأ㿴˶ת㡣
ҶæԪȡһƷҶ׵ǰһöŽƣĽлһű飬ڽͷһ֣ɢŨҶƽʱյȫ֮ͬҪ߼һڶоˬ
ҶϾ֪ƣ֤ݵģصȻԼҶϾ͸о̫ˣԼ˵ѾϲԼˡ
Ԫ˵λָת㣬ʲôʱȥˣȥڼġ
Ҷ׾ᣬʱҲһĸжСѾͷԼ̫ˣȻһֱ˵ԼȴѾԼˣҶƣԪͷ֪ˣϢһ¡
ԪҲ֪Ҷһܲæ˵͵úϢʲô͸ߴ硣
Ԫ뿪֮ҶҲһ̾ϢͲƽ
ҶΪжʱȴһľʧ룬Ҷ˾֮κ˶о²ã϶ߣʱȻܼ֣ѾǳˣΪסƣҵٷǿе˶
ߵЩϾͿ˵ҽǣԺԪǸСӵ飬κ˲֣ܲԸôô죬𣿡
һΧЩ϶ǲף㿴ңҿ㣬˭Ҳ˵˵ףСҵӶѵҲȥ𣿡
ϾҪŵĻȥɣϷȥ֮ǰɱ˵ʡ޷صĺ
Ļ˵ص˼ˣΪֹӶҪˣԿľģҲŵˣæ˵׵ȻΥֻΪҪ
εҡҡͷ۾ѵûп𣿽λǿʵԶңʥ򾳴ɼȫҲɱģߵλˣΪͿԿҲһλǼ嶼Ҫļ˵ǵǻӻֶԽˣ㻹ȥ𣿡


һʮ λ
ĻҲˣԶʲôӶˣǹϵǼܲˡ
æ˵ˣҲȥСӺԪˡ
˵ǲȥǣ෴ҪʾãǲļӶȥǣԸΪЧ͡
ٴеˣҲû뵽׾ȻҳҶףæףǲ̫ˣСӾк̨Ҳóѽǻǵ飬ǲɾǡ
ȴÿǿѹסԼĻһô̳峤֮λģСһǿļ֧ţĿľҪԪ۹еӶǻܸǶ𣿼ȻĶ֣Ǿֻܸ׳ƳĻǿϣûˣǻҪȥĻᶼûˡ
ĻȻﻹǷǳĲģĻҲΥĻеģҸҺҶ׿⣬Ҷ׳̲еӶȻҲҪˣȻҪ縩׳Ƴĺá
˵֪ôˣȥСӸ׳Ƴúˡ
ȴ㻹ҪɱȥԼȥҪ峤ʲôá
ǿһսҪʮΪˣ¸ٴæȥСӵǸײҪ
ŻǶ°ɣϷҪúõϢϢ
Щ˸æ뿪˷䣬֮ҡҡͷ벻һһǿĶ֣֪ܲܶһˡ
һս˵ǾԪ۹е˶֪ұһСӴˣǸǴСһӴ˵ǻ֣һʱ۹Ӷ֪ˣЩӶҲˡ
Ϣ֮󣬲ûдλˤҵ涼Ҷ׸ˣҶ׻һӴɰŵðˣϾҪΪԼ취ˣҶҶ׵Ķ֣϶ǲˡ
ʧȥҵĹ͵ûκεıӻˣλǳ飬СˣԪôܻŹԼ뵽һҧϾͶߵ˵ϴȥҪλԪѸ£޾ͻǰԪλøԪ
Ѹһе޲㵣һ룬ǴѽҪ㣬᲻óλĻһˣѸ£˵ԼλԪԪȻǲɱҲǱסˡ
ѸܿʹԪԪӵѸ֮󣬲ûرĸˣͶλҲǺܸȤȻĺȻҲŹΪֻеϹԪ۹Ԫ塣
ԪϾҶｫϢҶףҶֻ΢΢һЦҪ᲻õĻǾͽλǸʱСˡ
ҶҲ֪Ԫ۹Ѿûжˣұ֮󣬸ǵ鷳ĻֻûӣȻͺѾ뿪˭һ붼֪ʲôϵ˭ҵһ塣
ǰԪӶˣʵҪǿܶʵǿӶڹ֪Ҷ׾ȻһӴ˭Ȼֻһš
һʱԪ۹еĸֶͶЩڼǧ֮⣬õϢҲͣĳҶҶµľ͸ˡ
˵ڶ죬½žˣȾԪõλʳ󳼣ԪʱԪҶڴۿļͼһȺ˺ƺƵԪܿǰ㱨ˡ
ԪҶ֪ΪʲôˣǾ߳ȥǴô죬߳Ϳӭ˹󳼣ǰĹٻһںһۡ
ǵͷȻûдڣٿϾȻһûдɫֻۣһͨүۣҶ׾ͶԪЦСǽƻҲӣȻ۶Ҵˡ
ԪȴΪ˵ֻܱˣλȴûиʲô¡
Ҷ׾Ц˾ͽ紦ˡ
ǼԪ֮Ͼһ˳Ծľٶе棬ֱӾ͹Ԫǰҵͷ˵ﳼǰӭԪԪ۹Ĺ
ǾȻҶ׺ԪǰһԳﳼҳˣԪҶ׶оеˣǲ¶ѽҲǣҪǲĻͱҸˡ
Ҷ׾Ц磬Ԫ۹Ĺˡ
ԪֻЦЦΪİҲܵõλҿ͵ʺˣ͵ܾλɡ
Ҷ׿û뵽Ҫʲôæڰֵ㻹ǷŹҰɣ̶ᣬһҾ͸ˣⷽ滹Ǵ͵˰ɡ
ԪҲ֪Ҷײῴλģ͵ͷǴȴ֮ˡ
˵ֶ˵ǣΪҪѵͲ𣿡
Ǹæ˵ԪǴûԼһֱģһԪΪԪ۹ĹֻﳼܵҵҪЮ뽫λ˸ԪﳼҲûаұԪܣﳼûκεĵˣԸλԪԪˡﳼǰµĴЩҪЮﳼģﳼûа취ֻǵİڲ
Ҳ˵еƵҵͷϣҲˣԼ˲ԼԪĻȴûֱӻش⣬ֻ˵ȻԸλǱʹˣˡ񣬲Ǳ˵㣬Ҫ۹İ˵㣬ʱذյԸġ
ȻûеõõĴ𸴣ԪܲھͽѾ˵ԪɱˣǸмлɱ֮ںۣյǻС
ߵĳͽں۶Ԫߵλ£ʽĽӹλˣȻЩʣֻҪиʽˡ
Ԫӹۺڣ͵ĹˣǺٹϾ͹ؽеꡣ
ԪǻӻֵǶɣԺҵ£úõٵĻΪ룬Ϊ£κ˸̰ΣգһϳͲ
λٹ˵л׷Ǹոʱﳩּææ˽ﳩҶ˵粻ˣˡ
ҶЩԾΪҾһսҲ鷳ˣû뵽ˣһҲ£֮󣬿϶ûа취ˣˣа취Ը


һʮ 
Ҷ׸æд׼Ҳߵ˴ſڣͿҵվڴǰȴûбҶ׺ǳԾǰͬҲǹԹԵվûһ档
Ҷ׾ͺȵǵ涼ˣѵǻҪ𣿡
æȥ˵ˣҵǰ͵ģҴǸܹԭǰЩҶе飬Ը⳥
Ҷ⻰ǲͶ𣿲Ҳûô˵ͺȵôǸˣȻǸó
æϷд⣬ϷԸͶ£ԺԸΪǰܹǡ
һ˵Ҷ׶һǾȻҪԼСܣҶе㲻ţæ˵һ飬ո˵ʲô
ֻٴ˵ϷˣԸ뵽£ΪЧͣ׼
Ҷ֮󣬹ЦҾȻҪͶһսİɵˣҶҲ֪ǲҪǣһ飬Ҷ׾ԱߵԪ磬㿴ô죿ҪͶǣ𣿡
ԪȴҡҡͷԪ۹˺ܶĻ£ǵĻǾ͵ԭǰĹǴӦҲӦ
Ҷ׾⣬˵Ļ̫࣬ûа취ǣµӶǲܾģҪ١
Ҷ⻰Ǿܾˣҵûа취Ҷ׵֮УҶֻҪҵӶ뿴ģæһ£Ҳܹ£ҲǺܴİ
ҶȻҲ֪һ㣬ҲҪ֪ʲôĵӣǿܻᷴԼرʵѾȥˣһҪǷ˵ĻԼûа취Ը
Ҷ׾˵ˣǹԹԵ뿪Ԫ۹ҲΪǣȥǵĵطԺԪ۹ҴҵĵˣǲҪ̤һĻǻ֪ʲô
õҶ׵Ĵ𸴣ҲһΣѾûбİ취ˣͶҶף˼ҶҪˣֻ˵»ȥף¼ʱ䡣
ҲֻûȥˣҶҲ֪Ҫʱ䣬˵ʮʱ䣬ʮʱڣȫԪ۹Ҫʮ֮ûߵĻĲﶼҪԪ۹ˡ
æͷѸٵ뿪֮ԱߵŵȽŶˣҶͶҶˣҶ׾ȻһӾͽǸϳԪ۹ĻҪѽ
ԪҶ˵ǲ֪һ᲻뿪Ԫ۹ǷҪµĻô죿
ҶЦģұ֤ʮ֮ڹԹԵ뿪Ժ۹ͺúõĹɣ۹ˣԺǸͽﵱǵĻˡ
Ԫһ⻰æ͵ܻиõļƻ˵
ҶЦȥ֮ģڲǴȥʹɡ
Ҳæȥ˵ﳼӭ¹ػʹ
ԪҲǵͷ͵ܺһȥɣҪûߵĻﻹǲ̤ʵˡ
Ҷ׼Ԫ˵ҲʹӦˣ˴ﳩһǰʹ͸ںˣѾԪ۹ĹֻԪߵһˡ
ھʳǴֵʱѶİնվڴƴĺȲʣԪţ֮кܶҲעԪߵҶףΪ֪ҵˡ
ʹһж˳УʽУΪҪ׼ܶ飬ԪʹҪǽջʹһڻʹȻͽԼ˶ˣԪԼˣոĽ
Щǰ컹ֻӶû뵽֮Ȼ˹ߵĽǿҲû뵽һ˵Ķ˼Ѫһ㣬ǾӣЩͨӶҲһӾҡһ˹ߵĵ۹ˣǵȼȻǸȥ
Ҷ׺Ԫʹ֮УҲǷǳĿģ벻ԼôԪ۹ҪеľǶԸˡ
Ҷ׾ͶԪ˵磬ڹԪ۹жپӣʵΣ
ԪԪ۹Ƿǳ˽⣬æԪ۹ľӢҵӶѾ󲿷ҪͶˣԼ֮⣬ЩӶⶼǵ£ǵĻԪ۹Ӧϰλǻʾ۷֣мλ벽ʥߣǻʾ֮ڵӶʮǻʾ֮µĳʮ򡣡
Ԫ˵ҶҲͷǵʵ˵Ļа벽ʥߣЩʲôˣӦòҵİɣ
Ҷ֪ҵİ벽ʥ߼ҲֻȻﵱˣҶ׻ԸҪ
ԪæЩ˲ҵģǶǿߣֻԪ۹ҪǱҿƣ岢ǺܳǲʵмʵǺǿģ֮оа벽ʥǿߡ
Ҷæûа취ҲշˣҪм벽ʥ߼Ļǵʵǿ
ԪЦ͵һûüأѾλ벽ʥԸˣӦûа벽ʥǰҪԪ۹ȻͶǣ㲻Ҫġ
Ҷһϲ⼸λ벽ʥߣԸҾ˸İˡ
Ҷ׺Ԫסʹ֮ʱڴҴææĳԪ۹ǽܴߵȫߣΪĶԪ۹ĲƸˣǴ󲿷ֵĲҵԪ۹ΪЩҵǲ޷ߣҼľӪ֮ȫԪ
ҲǱӦɣԪ۹ѹô꣬һҪ˳ʱҶײûжǸϾɱǻҶǷһʵҶ׾ʵԶԶġ
Ҳ£ѸٵĳԪ۹ҳʱͬһǳѵ⣬ǾǵӶûжԸһ뿪󲿷ֶѡ£ΪЩӶ֪ǻиõõĻᡣ
ҵһҹ߽֮⣬ֻʣҵļ֮뿪Ԫ۹յļӶȫصԪߣԪʱǣﵽ˼ʮ
ǿʼѵЩӶʱˣԪȻѾǹ󲿷ֵʱ仹ѵЩӶϣΪֻ֪ԼĶǿˣЩŲκε뷨ûе֣ȻǷ˳һƬ̫ƽ١
ʱܿ͹ȥһ£ҶѾٴȥ｣ˣΪΪ˵õ｣ʵȥģߵ｣ʵ֪ҪǿˣȻûбҪȥðա


ٶʮ շǿ
Ԫʱ֮ڣʮĴѵľ˲ǿ˾ӵս쵼֮£Ԫ۹Ҳǰû۹һӾͱǿΧЩ۹ԭѹԪ۹ڿԪ۹ԪĴ֮ѾǿҲòʼǺԪ۹ͺãֻǿˣ˲Ż㣬ҪСĻûܰ㡣
ҶʱҲʼʵǻʾ۷Ѿһʱ䣬ʱȻ˲٣ʥⱻҶ׸ϤƿأȻûͻƵڶʵǱ֮ǰҪǿܶˡ
ħƿҲǸֻͬǵһƬ꣬ȴ˸ǿҶ׵ʵ˰벽ʥ۷弶ǿߣҲǿסһʱġ
ͨƣѾͻƵ˵صʵ൱ڿͨƺͰ벽ʥߴʵˣǰͨƣҲֻܺͰ벽ʥ߳ʵĶֽҪǿĶ֣ͱ붯ˣڲˣͨҲܶԸּĶ֡
Ӹģ͵ЩȫԼ£ﳩ˸ԶõһϺõı϶ǵ׼Ҷıﳩȣ֮ǰ֪Ҫǿ٣ǸԶҶõһʺҲ׸߼Ǵﵽǻʾ۷弶
ҶһԼʵһ߿ʼҵϢûʲôҲû׷һ㡣
ֻǱһεսסˣ˭֪Ҷ׵ʲôݣһλʥ򾳴ɵĸ֣ȻǲҶ׵鷳ˡ
ûҶ׵鷳ҶȴҪǵ鷳ľĵ۹ˣȻǬҶ׾ȴ֣ĵ۹ȻʼԸǬ
ȻʵǬҪǿΪҶײƿĵ۹ǧȥԸǬԱȽҶҲõԼʵˣмλ벽ʥߣ߶Ҳ벽ʥ߰ˣĻ
ȻҪǸĸϺ뿪ߣϺȻͻˣǾʵҲԼֵܹģҶһֱڴϺȥ
ϺһֱĸۡˣҶҲֻĵĵȴҲҪߵĥϣǱԼĸ
죬Ҷ׾ټԪ۹еǿߣҲǼǿǰҪǺúõ˽һЩǿ֮ǰȻҪҶ׵ߣΪԭûмҶ״úʶһǣΪЩԺҪԼɽˡ
ܿʹ˸壬⼸Ԫ۹ļ壬ȻܺȣˣǿˣҶײǴӹ۹շǶҪǴ򽻵
֮ܿڣдǿȫ룬һ۹ļ˵ӦǺٵľۻᣬЩƽʱڼ֮ҲǶ붼һҶ׵ǲòΪҶΪһˡ
ܹңѾһ޴漣ˣҲΪ⼸ˣ⼸ƽʱҴѹ̧ͷǿά֣һұ֮ǼֱһַǷ׷ףҲͬʱϢԸԪ۹ľӺҶ׵¡
⼸λԪ۹ǿ߾ۼһʱ֮Ҳǻ꺮ůΪǶǱ۸ģȻ֮ҲһЩ飬ǱұĺϢԹ͸ʲôˣеļǿһڣ޲ϲЦտ
Ҷȫ֮󣬾Ͱһμ棬صԪѵûнصڻʹԪȻĵ
ЩǿȻҲЩԾҲ뿴ԪѵأȻҲ˳ĸԪѵʱҲǰľˡ
ȿĲҶ׻Ԫȿľӣһͷ޴ѵվˣЩʿ뻮һѵÿһʿӵǿװף֣һǾӣ
ǿȫλǿסˣЩǿߵļҲԼǺǰЩӢȣǾͲĲ֪жˣǰЩһɫǻʾǻʾ۷弶Ķмλλǿͷʾ
ҲΪʲôҶҪǴԭҪЩ˿Լʿжôǿ󣬺ȣЩļ͸ʲôˣҶҪǶԼȫ
λǿ֮ʱҶ׳ˣԪһ˶ǰ֮󣬼λ벽ʥ߸æߵǵǰͬʱڵأƵ
ҶһֱûбԼݣԴҶƣҲǶأƺԾʹҶһǿļҲ˶Ҷ׵
ֻҶԼ֪ûʲô壬Ȼһǲļ壬ӦҲﲻʲôæˡ
Ҷ׵ȻҲ˵ҪշЩˣȻҲҪˣıҶײûеһ˵ҪԪȽӴǡ
ΪԪǹȻҪϸ߳˵ȻģЩ˵עȻҶ׵ϣΪҶײǻҵˡ
ԪͶ˵ɡ
⼸λǿŷ׷Ҹ׼õλҶ׿һλ֣λǰ벽ʥߣλȻûͻƵ벽ʥߣѾ벻Զˣʱͻơ
һӵ벽ʥߣҶҲǺܸˣȻǵʵڰ벽ʥ߳ڣҲܲˣԺԸ벽ʥߵʱҲ˿ó
Ԫ£ҲҶϷҶ׾ԪߣʾˣʵҶײҲ̫ˣΪҶģûڵĻԪôܳȥ
ԪͶ⼸λǿ˵ټǱ͵ҪʹҺúĹԺ۹һЩ񣬱͸λӦѾǷǳϤˣöܣ͵ܺͼλǵһμ棬üλ峤ԽһԼɡ
ǰһλ߾վ˵峤ˡ
λ峤֮ǿһλʵҪӽ벽ʥߴɼˣҶҲرעˡ
Ҷ׾͵ͷʾ˵峤һᣬ峤֮Ͼһλվ˵Ǯ峤Ǯ򸣣ˡ
ҶǮ۹ҲһǮң֪ǲһģʵԭǮ峤֪۹Ǯʲôϵ
ǮæǮҺ۹Ǯû̫ĹϵȻǮѾûʲôֱӵĹϵˡ
Ҷ׵ͷҲˣǮ򸣺۹ǮʲôϵĻҪˣΪ۹ǮҵˣһģǾͲ̫ðˡ


ٶʮһ ŵ۹
Ǯ֮һλվ˵ҳ
λȻҵ峤ΪʵǿģԾǰԼ⻹ңңƼҼλǿ߶һһԼ
ҶǵĽ֮󣬾˵λǰ͸λ̸ͬչƣϣչ۹ʵȻҪǿ֧֣ǼԪ۹Ϊǿļ壬ܵõǵֵ֧ĻԪҲܹ۹չ׳󣬵ȻǼȻҲһ
Ҷ׽˼ˣϣõЩ˵֧֣ЩԸ⣬ȻæӦ峤һվ˵Ǽλ֮ǰѾˣԸΪԪЧֻͣҪλ˵һǶԸȥɽ񡣡
Ҷȴ˵ҪԸĲһ֮ı⣬ҲǿңԸͱһɽģȻӭԺõԲ˴ңԸĻҲǿ󣬴һԸ
⼸λҶ׵ĻЩɻ󣬲峤վ˵˵ɣϷûʲôµģŸλҲˡ
峤ҲǷ׷׵ͷҶſ˵ǵĵ۹ҪţͱҪԸΧвĪңԱҪȶҳ֣λô
Ҷ׵Ļһ˵ʱҵһƬȻЩ˶֪ҵһްԣǵļǰԼ޷һеļ춼û˵ǶҲǷǳľ¡
ȻģΪҵ̫ˣʮλÿһλһԪ۹ĹһԺǿˣ˵ˡ
ҶҲ֪ҵ˼˵˵ˣԸԸĻһӭԸĻȻҲǲΪѣǻǿԪ۹úõķչ
峤Щ˵ͷ˵ǲԸ⣬ֻ̫ˣǸǵĶ֣ҪǴĻǸûκεĻᣬԴҶе̫Σˡ
Ҷ׵ͷ֪ҵ˼ҵȷǺǿģԱŻ˵Ը󣬿ǿԸƣһӾԣҲкܶìܵģ֮ҲǾңǳֻɱʱǴ㽫һһʰԸҵĻԺõĺôһʹƽ֣ԲȻҲðյ飬ҵıұҿ԰λݣԽݣĻҪҲֻҵˣʹ޹أһǲģҿԼȴԹۣʲôʱԸĻʱӭ
ҶҲһе׼֪Щ˲׼Ķ飬ҪţǸԼд
λ׷һۣҶҲһԲżĵȴţҲûеĴһӾЩӦ̫ˣԼҪһʱ俼ǡ
Ҽҵ˵ǸλˣλԸΪֻǶԸΣ̫󣬾Ǽλͬ⣬֮ڿҲǻᷴԣҪȥúõһܹ𸴡
ҶҲֻ֪Ǹ˵ѣʱǡ͵ͷǺãλԻȥ֮ǣǵģʲôʱˣͿұ
Ҷ˵Ҳ̤ʵˣǻҶ׻᲻ԪæȻ̸ˣǴҾͺһ۹ʿѵɡ
ϾֽעѵϣԪϸİ£Щʿһ緢ս޴ȫλ峤סˣҲҶҪЧҪ֪죬϶ϣġ
ı֮󣬼λ峤׷׸ˣǼŻȥͼԱδҶףҶ׵֮󣬾ͶԪ˵ǲûдǡ
ԪæҲпԭ̫ǿˣҲԡ
Ҷ׵ͷҲҲ֮ˣȸǴкҲǺõģһǾͻԸˡ
Ԫе㾪ȵ͵ʲô˼ѵҪȶҶˣ
ҶЦ绹֪͵ܵ뷨͵ܾΪ˶Ըңǰһ˵ʱܽŪļȮдԺ۹ôֵڣһʲôҪЩĵĻԲòμӣ͵ܻǿӦġ
ԪЦ͵˵ﻰһж͵ܸģ͵ҪȥΪ屨𣬴绹˺ĻҲ̫ˣ͵ܷģдڣһվ͵֧ܵ㡣
ҶЩж˵л֧ˣҾҪ׼ˣҪԷ糾۹֡
Ԫ͵ʲôʱ־͸˵һˣҲ׼þһʧ
Ҷ׵ͷһڵһ뿪糾۹˲뿪ĻҺȡʤ
͵ܵȵ˭ѵǸԪæ
Ҷҡҡͷһûзͱҵ²ץҵȵĸϺ裬ӦҲ֪ɡ
ԪȻ֪ϺˣҵĴʥ֮һʵǳǿԪҲЩԾѵϺ軹ڷ糾۹
ϴαҵѻ֮󣬾һֱڷ糾۹ˣڵĻûлģԱ뿪ж
ԪҲǵͷ͵˵ǣϼһʵ̫ǿˣλǿڣǲĶֻ֣ô֪ʲôʱ뿪أҪɳ鱨Աȥ̽С
Ҷ׺ȻЦѾܳʱûежˣһȥץ֮ûʲôѧ˳ҲϺ軹ڲڷ糾۹ڵĻǾж
Ԫȴĵ˵вУ͵ȥ̫ΣˣҪǱϺ跢ֵĻ͵ûлߵģǴȥɣǱץסҲûжĹϵ
ҶЦС𣿵ϺҲûʲô飬οж˵˴ɳȥ˿ºѵõⷽϢҲܹϢģ粻õģһǳСĵģô£Ȼ֪ԼֵǮġ
Ԫ˵ʲôǿҶȻЦпȴǳᶨ֪޷ıҶ׵뷨ˣֻ˵͵ܣһҪСˣʲôʱȥüһȥ
Ҷҡͷˣ˶෴ãҾһж㣬Ҵȥ糾۹̽ϺϢˣڼҵϢʱ׼սӣһҷϢϾͿԴ糾۹Ӧ·糾۹
ԪӦ͵ܷģһѵþӣǴѵ״̬ʱȴ͵ܵֻҪ͵Ͼͻӱɱ糾۹


ٶʮ ػԼ
Ҷ׺ԪıʾԪȷǺɣֻһһ˳Ҫһǿˡ
ȻڵҶҲǵյҶˣʵѾǽȣ¾ϺҲһġ
֮Ҷ׵һ뿪Ԫ۹ߵʱֻԪڼúôʱϢҶԼĽƷɷǰ˷糾۹
һεս糾۹ӦǱŵĲᣬЩǼûκεĶ̽Ҷ׵ϢûˣҶ֪ǵѾܵ˺ܴĳ͵ĳ֣ǲ
Ҷ׺ܿ˷糾۹糾۹Ԫ۹СǰʵȴԪ۹ǿҪΪԪ۹ҵĿ֮ûκεսԪ쵼֮£ʵԸ糾۹Ӧû⡣
ҶײûֱǰĸۡΪҪȥһطǾԼңһԼֶԸңҴǷǳǱҶҲȥȸԼҼ棬ȻһҵϢ
Ҷ׵ĽƷɷֱӷɵԼҵĳǱ֮ϣԼҵĵӺȻһֻ޴ǵͷУʮֵľȣǳԾʱҶѾ䵽档
Ʒɷ֮Ҷ׾ʹϷʱԼҵĵҲϳҶףϾ;ϲĽҶˣҶˡ
Ͼ˽ϢﵽԼҵļ߲㣬Լ峤źԼҼλԿԲǿܿͳӭӣǼҶ׵ʱǾϲ֣ǸӳԾҶߵֻǺܿϳһķޣ峤Կϳһֻޡ
޿ɲܹģɽҲѼݵĳ֣οѱԼȻԿҲԾˣҪҶ׺úõһ
峤þòˡҶȥЦ
Ҷ㶼˯þˣһβǶûнɱѽ˵ûдǼλҲǷǳİûڣ֪ҶˣһҶҪǼúסһʱ䡣
ҶߵʱΪ˲ԼԲûиԼŵˣæС̫³çˣһλлģ֪Σ
æҶ뿪֮ѵǣȻ͹ٴˣҪ֪ҶĻһǳĸ˵ġ
Ҷ⻰˵ǾͲҪˣҲס죬ʲôʱȥҲ١
æЦֻֻ֪ˣ˵شϢҲ˼ңѾȥˣܿͻǰ
ҶҲЦЦŸæҶ˳ǱֻƷɷҲҶ׵߽˳Ǳ
Ҷֻɷﶼǳĺ棬žʵҶһֻްɣ
Ҷ׵ͷ峤ȷһֻݡ
ҲһȻµˣ̫ϡˣʵֻ֪ʲôƷ֣
нƷɷӵз˵һ˿ѪҸһֽС࣬ԺǾͽСˡ
Ҷһ˵Ͼ;ˣĺȻֻһ˿ѪǷǰ֮ѽ֮ף޵ޣǷ֮ףֻȻӵзѪжô߹Ѫͳ
ҶޣСҲ֪Լ͹⽫Դһ̧Ƿǳӣֻ̫վŶһɶߣҪԼҵĳǱҲܸߵĻûа취롣
Ҷ׾Ͷ˵ҪˣҰɣͷҲȥ
Се㲻˵ӣ˻˼Ҷ׼ЦǺðɣȻȥɽȥúõĳһٻҲû޸ԣȳԺٻɡ
СŸˣæĳ򣬲ûнΧŵ˸ķɳȥҶֽ˼ǸǣϾͳ˳Ǳա
Ҷ׺ŵ˸ոյһˬʵЦҶֵܣˣϷˡ
Ҷһ֪˭ˣԼҵľߵҶ׵ǰһѾס˵СֵܣôͻȻˣϷ򷹶ԲѽϷǷǳ㡣
ҶæЦΪЩҪȥò뿪ǶҲΪ棬ⲻֻ𣿡
ЦͺãͺãһҪסЩʱ˰ɣ
Ҷ׵ͷҲסһЩʱ䣬ÿԺġ
ͷǾͺѽϷ춼㻹᲻û뵽ĻˣһξͶסһʱ䣬ϷϷ쿴ЩûϢļһ²ˡ
ŵ˱˵ĶǷ׷׵ͷѾϰˣæҶԼ˵Ҷֵܣһ϶ʲôҪɣػ־ˣ˷ʱͷġ
ҶЦģȻҲһЩҪ죬ԺҲҪͷˡ
ɫһϲҶֵǲҪԸˣϷæѽ
Ҷ׵ͷǣһһΪ˶ԸңһҵĿҪһθˡ
ҲЩԾʵСҶ˵Ļʲô˼
һ뽫Ҹϳ糾۹Ҷ赭д˵
ŵһƬ𾪣Ҹϳ۹Ǹ飬жôǿǱ˭뽫Ǹϳ۹жôѡ
æҶֵ𣿡
ҶЦЦȻģʲôʱ˵ٻ
ҲǵͷҶֵû˵ٻҪҸϳ糾۹ɲ׵飬ƾԼҵԶԶġ
Ҳ֪ԼжķѾǳˣ뽫Ǹϳ糾۹ǲܵ顣
ҶȴǺŵ˵֪Һ׼Լ֮⣬һ֧ҵĲǲ
۹һСҶѵ˵ѵҲ֪ҶиѣһҪֵĻԼҺҶ׶һˡ
Ҷæҡҡͷ˵һ۹Ԫ۹֪ɡ
Ԫ۹֮ͷϷȻ֪Ԫ۹ǱҿƵ𣿹Ǳǿƣ˵Ԫ۹˶ңԪ۹ĹλҶԪ۹˵һλҸϳ˵۹˵ȻɫһѵǸСҶ𣿡
Ҷ׾͵ͷ£Ԫ۹ѾҴԪˣµҲҵˣҲ˵һҪһҸϳ۹
ǳĳԾЦӦ뵽ѽ³֮⻹˭춯ص飬ºˣԪ۹İҸϳ۹Ҳôѵˡ


ٶʮ ǱҸۡ
ҲһģΪҶһ۹Ϊ֧ţԸӦûģҶæһԼһ֣ӦϽϳ糾۹Ȼ󽫷糾۹Ԫ۹ˣһԿңĻǵʵͻӵǿˡ
æ˵ãѽϷȵľʱֻҪܽҸϳ糾۹ҪϷʲôѽһԼ˳ͷ֮ˡ
ҶֵڻһȽ鷳飬ҪŪУĻҲаսʤҵ
æҶֵ˵ʲô飬ԼܹĻԼһǡ
Ҫ֪Ϻ軹ڲ糾۹ڵĻǾͲжˣΪʵ̫ǿˣǶǶ֣ҵҲѾˣٵõİҶ˵Լĵġ
Ҷֵ˵ǣʵϷҲһֱڴ̽Ϻ٣ֻϢǳıܣϷҲ֪Ϻڲ˵
ĻǾȴ˵ȥڲңȻ󿴿һжǽϺֲڵĻǾͿԽһֲˡ
ȴҡͷҶֵȥ̫ΣˣϷȥɡ
ҶЦЦҲ˺ܳʱ䣬ܹ֪Ļ֪ˣҳɣҵһܹģֻҪϺĻһûʲôġ
Ҳûа취˵ȷǺѴϺ䣬ҪҶ׵ĲУֵҪСˣʲôΣϾӵԼԼһȫ㡣
Ҷ׶ԼҷǳΣͬԼҲҶͬˣҶЦҵıܷˣ֪ģҾȥҵ
Ҳûа취ֻôӦˣϾҪдҶףҪȸʹ죬Ҷ׵ȻܾܾһǺԼԺлˡ
ڶҶ׾ǰĸۡȱ仯ԼģһӣҶûбΪҵ˶֪仯֮˿¶ǻɣԼǱһӱȽϰȫ
ĸۡͿۡſдվڣЩʵǻʾϣҶҲȥֻ»ûȥͱ˸ˡ
ҸĲ¥ºȲ裬˳ҸС˵СǮСǮǿɲһ㣬ҶֱӸһһĽƱ⻹Ҷص׼ģΪ˷ֹԼ̫Ǯ˵ע⡣
ʹҶ׵ĳҲСˣҶ׿Ǹģ˵ЩǮиҸ徻ĵطϢϢʣµľġ
Сͷһ𶥶˼ٳʣµĶˣСҲǴˣæ͹ʲôҪᣬСŵǺܶġ
Ҷһ⻰ٿСǱ飬֪ˣҶ׾˵ֻǸһЩˣûб˼
С˻ΪҶҪʲôرķ񣬼˵еԾϾһƱʹϢ̫ˣֻ֪ҶһƱر׼ģҪȻóĶʮġ
Сæ˵͹ʲôֻʣСĿ϶֪޲ԣ޲
Ҷ׵ͷǾͺãһ¶ҵ飬֪ɡ
С֣Ͼ͵͹ҪңǿҪСĵˣҿɲôǵģ͹ٷģСʲô˵ȥ͹ʵСһʵش𣬾ǲ֪͹Ҫʲô
Ҷ׼Сǻ飬ʵһ£֪֪һλǿߣ⸮ۡˣ
ҶֱӾϺ裬Ϊ֪ҵ˽ϤĪĿջˣСҲͿϺˡ
СȻ˵͹ʵĿĸף
ҶҲû뵽СȻҲ֪æͷǣ
СٺһЦСĻ˵ԼҴսȻǱһλ֪ǿ߻ˣ淵ʱСкˣͿҵ˴Ҵææ߽ȥˡ
Ҷһϲæʵûпȥ
Сҡҡͷ⵹ûпҪ뿪Ļǿ϶ǻῴģΪΧһкܶӣҪУֻǵΪֹҲûпֹ
ĻҶҲЩʧĻϺ軹ˣû취֡
лС˵´ҪǷ뿪֮Ͼ棬ﻹ͡
Ҷ׵ĻϾС֪ʲôˣҪڵõĶ࣬æͷ͹ٷģԺͿĴţֻҪϾ͹ٻ㱨͹ģСҲȥ㡣
Ҷ׾˵Ժÿ춼ģ㵽ʱ˵ˡ
СͷҶʵʲôرĶûУ˵֣ǰҡ
Сæ˵͹ʵǣ˺ܶǰģӦǴЩڶǮׯҲǧˡ
Ҷ׾֪ҲڷΪһεսǿٴڵķ֪ˡ
Ҷ֪ҵĶ֮󣬾ͻӻСȥˣСϲˣҶעŶңԼǲǸȥˡ
ȻȥҪȥĻֻȥкܴķգΪϺ軹棬ҪǲȥĻϢҶҲЩסһ磬Ǿȥĺá
һֱϣҶ׾ʹڲ¥Ŀͷ֮ڣȴʱֱҹʱ֣׼жˣҶ뿪˿ջֱݶǴǲ¥ݶֱӷɵҵݶڵʵǿҲκεĶ
Ҷ׷ɵݶ֮Ϻ󣬾ͿʼסȥһѾ֪סλֻһ֪ϺˣҪСġ
ҶײûһֱݶߣΪݶǸױ֣Ϊݶһǲ˵ģֻҪж϶⣬棬ͺѷ֣ΪҲкܶߡ
Ҷ䵽ĵ棬ȵαװһԼˣǺױ֣Ҷ׾һ䣬˼·ӦסĵطԽһǵ·
Ҷץ·ʹԼϣֻϧûͷֱӾƿķ䣬ûκε죬Ƚȥһмں˯ҶײûжǶ֣һͷ߳˷š
֮Ҷ׽ͷԼͷϣһ¾û֪ҹˣȻǲܺͱ棬Ҷ׾ĳסȥһ·ҲӣûأǴҡڵĸǶ߹ȥЩû˭һۣҶ׾סſڡ


ٶʮ ɵ¡
ſڣͿվſԼǲҪֵʱ򣬴ĸۡȴ߳һˣҶϸһǲ¡
¡ǿĳˣʵѾﵽ˰벽ʥ۷壬Ҷ׷ɱĵܣͱץˣҶ׾ͲˣȻҶ׵ʵȣҲҪȫԸУǰ£Ǿȫһˡ
¡ķʲô飬Լȥ¡˵ҵϺģ
Ҷ֪ϺģҲȥϺ裬ֻҪȷһ£ΪʹСûмϺ裬ǲû뿪˵Ѿĵ뿪ֻΪ˲Լ֪ѡ͵͵뿪
Ҷ׾Сĸ¡¡ʵǿȻ֪ҲǿСĵ㻹ױ֣ϴֽԼʵˣ¡ֻǰ·֪Ҷڸ
һ·֮¡ȻһȥҶ׿ȥƻͨкܶһ룬ѵϺסҶ׸æ˹ȥ¡˵Ҫ
ҶϾ֪Ϻ軹ˣΪ¡ƺֻгƺϺŻˡ
֪Ϻ軹ҶҲЩʧ˵ҪҶ֣ҪһʱˣҶҲûϾ뿪ǼȴҪǰĻ϶ȥ̽̽ģǽ첻֪ͬϺ裬ʥǿߣȥǲͶ
Ҷ׾¡ûã¡ͳˣ֮󣬾ͼЩſڵ˵Ҫ뿪Ǻúõһͺһȥ
Ҷû뵽ȻһϢϺȻҪ뿪ˣ˷ܲѣֻҪϺ뿪Ҫҷ
ȻҪȼ죬ϺصϳУҪǰ·ɱ鷳ˡ
ЩϺߵˣ¡˵Ҫǣ׼˵֮¡תԼסȥ
Ҷ׾ʹ뿪뾪ҵˣ֪ĻϺֲˣҶ׾͸ϽأǾҪת뿪ʱ򣬺Ȼһȵʲôվ
ҶһˣǱˣ̫ˣԼվĲǵطͷһͳΧ˹ҶʱɲҴ⣬㲻Ϻͱˣ򶨵վֱЩǰ
һ߰˹ԭرóǷǳѵһѷĶͽҶ׸ΧһڿҶס
ЩһҶ״ЩԾ뿴ˣһӣʵܸߣȻڰ벽ʥ߼Ȼû¡ôҲǿˡ
ӹ۲Ҷ׼֮ҲЩɻҶװе㺦µæλֻǾûʲô
ȴǺȵôû㣿
ȻӶЩɣҶһĿתϾʹСǸոյģ⻹죬ԾϤһ¡
ϾͺȵĲΪʲôϲų㵽ʲôˣ
Ҷ׼װ֪ԼҶ֪Լվ˵Ͷˡ
Ҷ׾æСİҪֵ࣬ûʱ䣬ֻϲл߶߶֪ǲĵطС֪Ļ
ҶǻǱ飬ȫһƵļһӣӶһ֮ҲûʲôмǧˣܶʶҶαװķǳãʵ벽ʥ߶Ȼᱻˡ
ӾͺȵҹʲôһٿĻҪС
Ҷ׼˵һϲæСԺҲˣСͻȥ
ҶתҪ뿪ǵո߳׿⣬һ˵˭˵
ҶһѵϺˣҪϺĻֻǿˣֻĻûжٻѡ
ֻϸһϺ裬һ˵عͷһȻͲϺ裬¡
¡ոѾ뿪ֻߵĺȻһ˵֮ڰҹ˵ǳ⣬˵ſڣ¡ȻǲܲܣϾתͷʲô顣
ͿλΧһǰ滹һǲһģΪһ
ҵҲǷֵȼģϺߵǽҶ״ͼֻ֮ȻҲһ¡Ȼ֪
¡֮󣬾Ǹ˵ϣոһأҴأѵ
¡һϾ;ҪǱҶ׸Ū߶ȽţΪҲ֪Ҷ׻仯ģ¡һʱ뵽Ҷ׵ͷϡ
¡ϾͶҶ˵
Ҷ뻵ˣǸϼһǻԼˣҲױ¶ԼҲ˹ȥʱ׼óˣֻҪԼݣ϶֡
Ҷ¡ǰ¡ܿҶ׵ʵĿΪڼǰҶ׵ټΪܿ仯ģҶףҲͬԿ
Ȼģ֪ڵҶ׺ͼǰѾǽˣǸʱʵֻǻʾɣǺͰ벽ʥµĶֽϷܺͰ벽ʥ߳ڵĸֶ֣ڣȫԸĻ¡ܴܲĹ֪ˡ
ʵˣҶ׵Ļû֮ȻǸߣ¡Ҫٴο֮ˣҶҲΪİղŸߵ¡ǰĻˡ
ȻĻƾ¡ҲץģĻͻᱻ¶һ¶ͻᾪϺ裬Ϻ赣ҵĻͿܲ뿪ˣҶײ
¡ŵĿҶףϾͷ֣ǰûʲô쳣ûαװҶȻԿóֲʲôԾĵط
ѵߴ˵ط¡ҲҶ׵ĻˣҶ׵⣬ֻǶߵ˵ûʲô⣬߰ɡ
ŵͷȻ϶˵û⣬Ȼûʲôˣ߰ɡ
Ҷ뿪Ҷ˿̧Ⱦͳǰȥǵո˼¡Ȼͺȵվס
Ҷһ¡֪϶ʲôطˣΪ¡ǳ׺ǶԸһ˵Ŀ
ҶҲֻתͷװʲô֪˵ʲô𣿡
¡ָָĽźȵЬô£


ٶʮ 
Ҷ׵ͷԭԼֻ·ЬӻԭЬӣȻͬˣҶ׸ое㼬ˣ뵽Ӧ֮ߣæ˵ϣСϾʹԼЬ㣬Ьҷڷˡ
¡ȴôĻΪ¡Ȼ뵽Ҷ׿ܲԼҲǰ̽ϢСҹ˵ſڣͲòˡ
ˣȥǲҵǵĻץ¡
ϾмλҶ׸ΧǰεҶ֪Ҫ¶еˣֻﶯ֣һ֣Ϻܾͻ֣Ҷ׾ֻǵ
ߣȥסĵطҶ׾ͳסĵطȥҲ˺棬Ҷײѳǰߣ¡ûžЩڣرڣҪȥΪ˼ʹǴ̿ҲҶס
Ҷ׾ͽǴԼ͵·ĵطȻȥվ⼸˵Ҿס
Ͼͺȵ˽гǺúˣǲˡ
ͽ˷䣬ҪǼͼˣҶ׵ȻˣȻǶЦ㲻ÿˣҲˣˡ
һҶ˵Ͼ֪ҶǴ̿ˣȵߡ˵վͳҶ׳˹ʵҲǳ˵ãѾﵽİ벽ʥ߼ǰµĻҶ׿ܶĶ֣ڣҶ¡ûзȻҲʲôˡ
һֻʱҶѾɳ˼ʮ׿⣬ĵҲûа취ʮ׿ҶףҶ׼׷Ҳսһµ¡Ϻ裬¡׷Ļ϶סϺһܲˡ
ҶٶȾͷɳܿʧҹĻ֮Уո뿪¡ͳ˹ʱҶѾܵӰˡ
ҲǾ̾Ҷ׵ٶȣӰӣ׷ǧ֮͸Ҳˣֻԭطأ¡¡Ͼʵô£ǸСأ
ֻʵ˵Сӱˣܣû취׷
¡ҲǴһæʵѵʵǿ㣿
ҡҡͷҲٶȵȷǺܿ죬ûа취׷Ϊû֣жʵҲ
ҲҶΪʲôֵһԭûб¶Լʵ¡ͺѲµԼʹҲֻǻɶѡ
¡ȷǻҶףЩ⣬ҪҶ׵Ļôϲֻмµʱ䣬ʵҲɣҶףǻ˭ٶȣϲϡ
ҶѾˣҲҲ¡ֻ÷ϾͶڿʼȫҪȷϣǿ䱸
æ˵ǣ¡ϻҪҪˣ˵ĻܻӰ˵г̣ջǾӦøˣΪܹϵˡ
¡æ߽ϺסʱϺ֮У¡֮ҲվԱһֱȴţϺҲ֪ˣƬ֮ջԼĹŻ˵ո洫˵֮ǲǷʲô飿
ʵո¡Ҷ׵ĶԻϺֻϺҲûж룬Ϊ¡ԴãֻǺ֪쳣֪϶ʲô鷢ˡ
ϺܵҶ뿪ҵʱʩչ˷ӰͷŵϺʥ򾳼Ȼܹ
¡æ˵ˣոǷһǱǱˡ
Ϻ˫ۣ˫֮Ȼǳϸһܿûлָǿ״̬һκһս˵ڶûкãɼ͵ʵжôǿ
ϺҲ΢΢ЩԾҲûץѵǸСֻˣ
¡æˣµ۹̽ӦòСӣΪĻװҲܿģֻ˵ʵҲرٶȣҲ׷ϷȥʱѾӰˡ
Ҳ׷ķѾǿˣʵȻҲСӻˡϺȻܿ϶˵
¡ȴЩŵˣСʵҲ߶Ȱɣô̵ʱͻһС磬ҲǿԿݣ¿Ӧò
ϺȴЦ㻹̫ССˣ֪ʱֻһС磬˭ôĵǰңһĿĺΪ֪𣿡
¡ҡҡͷ²֪뿴ǵ̽һЩϢɡ
ϷûѽҪȻҲðϷסſˡϺ˵
¡Ǿȵѵû뿪ΪʲôҪʲôĿģ
һֵ¡ϺˣϺȴش⣺뿴ڲҪʲôֻв֪ˣȥʳûǿ֣߳رλʥǿߣûڷ糾۹¶棬еĻϾһ㱨
Ϻµľλǿ˷糾۹ĻԸҵģԼҲֻҳˣʵҲûа취Ը
¡ҲһλǿĻϺҲΣˣ¡æ˵ˣҿ˻Ǿ뿪ĺãλǿٴǰԸҵĻ˶Σˡ
ϺҡҡͷһߣرʱλǿˣҪָӣܱһİΣȻܲȣڻûеһǻ֪ûлԾȥ˵˵Сһ˻ĻûʲôСֵģʵҲǿӦġ
ϺҲҶ׵ʵܹ¡ĵҶǸǿߣֻҪˣϺ趼ѱˣϺ軹£ܸȡһЩʱ䡣
¡˵Ļæʵˣ첻׼뿪ˡ
Ϻͷ첻ˣλǿֵ߳ĻҾҪһ뿪һ۹͸ԷҲûʲô˵ģܱ֤ǵ
ϺѾȫ峷˵׼ΪǸǿ̫ǿûκεȡʤգһ۹ҲûжʧԴӱĵطЩʧֲ
¡Ҳҵ˵ˣȫѲ飬Ҫҳλǿߺͽ̿͵٣һҵ˻㱨
ϺҡҡͷвɴѲ飬⼤ŭλǿߣǲĴڣֻǰв̽ż֮ڳеĻҲжûʲôжĻ֤ûлϷҲԷĵĻȥˡ
¡æСȥѲ飬Ϣ


ٶʮ յ
Ϻ͵ͷ¡뿪˷䣬Լķ䶼ûʱȥˣϾȥ֪ͨӣһȫǰѲԱһ֣㱨Ҫȥȷϲܷġ
ҶӻԼңûоԼҵˣͻصԼķϢˣԼǷǳȫģϺҲǰǿ߻ٴ
˵ڶ죬Ҷ׺ܿ͵õ鱨ĴѰҹĴ̿ͣҶﻹЩڣȥϺ裬Ϻͺ뿪ˡ
ֻ֮ܶԼңȴŻᣬڼĴ̽Ѱ֮ȴûǿߣϺõϢ֮Ҳʼ˼λǿ߻ĻҪʵֻẦ£ܶʲôв
ȻҲǿߣϺƶǿѾ뿪ǰֻҶ׻Լҵˣ¡еߣϺлҪ
ʵһʱ䣬Ϻڸۡʱ㲻춼пյʱȥ̽һ¸ףǸ
ףﻹǷǳĺ£ΪϺΪܵģϺ迴˿СӣһҴĻСҲǣˣҺϷû£޷ȫָҪصܲȥúõУѾƲǿ뿪˷糾۹д㣬Ӧûʲô⣬Ϊʹ뿪
ϺҪˣﻹһϲΪֿˣϻǲ˵ףϣߣǺֵƣֻܺ͸׷ֱˡ
Ϻȴ˵СʲôҪΪҲ֪ͲߣʲôɣˣϷҲù㣬ԺͿԼˡ
¡æˣȷǸǿѾ뿪𣿡
¡е㵣ģϾûκεϺ˵ҪڵĻбҪ𣿿ͳˣǲǵ鷳ҲҿԿ϶Ѿˣϵ˶ֻСӻԼҵˣûʲôСֵģԶԸˡ
¡ҲǵͷϷһȫġ
Ϻ˵ԼǾȲҪˣϷȥ֮󣬵Ǹǿߵ˵ҪСӻˣҲҪСӦòҪֻҪ£λǿߵĻع顣
æ׷ģһո׵Ļȥǣúõ񣬵ȸ׵Ϣ
ϺͶˣԺʲô鶼Ҫӣľ;Բȥ
æӦţϺֽһЩʹ뿪ˡ
ڶ죬ϺҲûĵ뿪ǴԼǳֵ뿪ʱҶԼеû£ȻϺ뿪ҵϢҶϲﻹףϼһ֪Լˣô뿪أѵûнԼ
ȻĻǾҲˣҶˣǻҪȷһ£ϺʹթҪԼ֣ҶײûϾͶҲȡжǼ̽ϺϢ
ֱ֮ȷϺѾصԼĵ۹ҶŷˣڿԺȥԸˣǿľ¡ڵҶ׺¡Ļ治˵˭ǿ
ҶҲûϾͶҷҪһʧҶ״ȶԸǿļλҪ¡ҵĴϡ
ҶڼǰҲֻǹԹԵܣڣϺúõıһܲսʤ֡
ˣЩҳҲûʲôˣֻҪԼңȫԽҵҪȫ£ڷ糾۹ǾԪĴǰݻǰɡ
ҲҶİţҪȻ¡ʵڲеĻʵûסˡ
ֻ֮ǰҶ׻ԼһܲҲʱ¡Ҳֻһߵĸ֣ϺǸĳϣʵͻǿʥ߼Ҷ׵úúõ¡ĶǰȡΪԺԸø׼
Ҷ׾ҹϮһβϴΪ˴鱨һΪ˶Ը¡ֱӽǿ֡
Ҷ׵һҹ˾ʱ̣ľˣ˵ȫǼһ㣬رϺ֮͸ûʲôµˡ
Ϊ˲ݾߣҶ׻ǺСĵǱֱ¡ס¡ססĵطԶӦǷ¡
ҶſڣſڲûʲôȻ¡ΪǲʲôģʵԵֵκ˵͵Ϯ
ҶҲȻˣҡڵߵ¡ſڣûСǶŷž˼£žҹһ˶ܲ˵¡ˡ
Ͼʹһŭȣ˭
Ҷ׼Ѿ¡Ͼͷ뿪ٶȲǺܿ죬ʱͼɳһӰֱӾͳҶ׷϶ȥ
Ҷ׿֮ŷĵĳǰȥܿͷɳһ·Ҷ׸ûͣ£һֱȥ
¡Ȼƴ׷ϣϾͷ֣Ȼû취׷ҶףҶ׺Ҳûа취˦һ㣬˾һľһֱǰɡ
ŷʮ·̣Ҷ׺Ȼͣˣ䵽棬¡¡ҲǺܳԾܿҶ׵ǰһ۾ϳҶ
СӣϷµˡ¡ȻЩҶΪʲôͣ£ֻҪͣ¡ΪԼа취ץˡ
ҶЦҪûŲµĻˡ
¡ҲЦСٶȿԣϷ׷һ·Ҳ׷ϣʵ˲٣ΪʲôͣѵͲϷɱ𣿡
ҶȴЦΪͣΪʲôǵɱңûɱ㣿
Ҷ׵ĻϾ¡ɫһ䣬Ͼ͹ЦСڳԣ㻹治֪ԼʲôȻ˵ҪɱңмＸҪΪԼе㱾¾Ͳ֪ߵغ񣬽ҳϷͲ뿪ˡ
¡ôҶɱǲܵ飬ǰҶ׼ֻйԹܣµʱ䣬Լֱǳ˵Ρ
ҶҲ磬ֻ˵ҪҶԸ㣬һͣϼһ֪Сүġ
Сӣҽ쵹ҪʲôɱңǲǽϼһҲˣ˵Ļɣѵ͵ϮϷ򲻳ɣ
¡Ҷ׽ҲˣҲеģҪȻҶôһǲ
Ͳ̽ΧûӰʵ൱ҪҲʲô£¡˵


ٶʮ ¡
Ҷ׼ΪˣЦб¾ܱܲ
¡ٴβ̽ΧûӰЩɻˣѵСһˣĻǽԼǼ񵽴ˡ
СȻһģϷҲĵȫԼСЦЦֻܿһΣԺûлˡ
ҶЦǾһ԰ɡ
¡һǾԲҶӵģΪץҶףѾŪļȮϺ趼ˣץҶ׵ĻǴһ
¡ǳţûԸҶףԸһʵ츳ܲСӣһ˫־ˣҪĻ̫׽ɱˣڻɱΪһҪ֪ϵĺܶܡ
Сӣֵõʲôսóɡ¡Ҷ׿϶ʲôŸǰսҪĻҲҪˡ
Ը㲻ʲôҵıͿˡҶȡԼ鱦¡ЦÿСӣϷôѵ㡣
¡ַɳֱӳҶ׵ץҶ׿ȻôţﻹǺܸˣܳ䲻⣬һֲ
¡ϮҪȡҶ׵ı֮ʱҶе鱦ֱӻһ£ǵͷҪ̲¡塣
¡һҶʵ壬¡æҶ׵Ľһֱָһ¿ɲˣ¡ʹĴһ弱ٺˡ
عһԼָȻжˣһ˵һ˵ĴָʧȥǾû취ס¡û뵽ԼᱻҶ׿ָ
һֻǹ̫⣬ΪҶ׻Ǽ֮ǰҶףʹǿһЩҲԶԶĶ֣֪Ҷ׵ʵºǲ£ټҶͻȻȫ汬ʱﵽ£¡ֵʱѾˣûбѾǷǳ˵ˡ
¡æƿѪϵĲƥס֣ļָȴѾҲˣڵϹȥҡ
¡ҲûȥԼĶָҪɱҶףȻѾסȻԣʵսʤҶףġ
СӣңϷһҪ¡ĻָܼʱϣĻֻܳΪзˣָûĻʵ룬ֶһ˵ҪԲö˵ˡ
Ҷ׺Լһ͵Ϯõ˺Ľ¡ֱϣֻһ˲飬ʵͻԼսʤ¡ҲӦûʲôˡ
¡ԹͶɣҲһɱ㣬ԼҪˡһֵҶ˵¡ŭɣСӣҪ
Ȼ¡ýȻûôǿʵǿԼʹҲǷǳľ޴Ҷ׼е鱦ʱһ¡
¡֪һֱӳǽɱҪȫǽȴ壬¡жĹȫͲǰֻܹģ¡Ҳ֪ˣҶѾ߱һԣǰҶˡ
ɱ¡һƳȴϬޱȣȳһҶҲо۾һ֪һεĹǿæĹǽȻҲһιУȻϾͷع
¡ĺȻ׽һ˸뵽᷵أҶҲû뵽ӦǽѾıˣҶ׸æųУܷ֮ųڽ֮ϣʧˡ
Ҷ׶һ٣Ҳ˹һʱХȫͽ¡סˣڽܼ֮£¡ֻȫֵû취նɢһ𱬷¡Χһδεıɣ¡òǷųԼ壬ǽǶһǿ˲ͱߡ
Ҷ׵Ŀը֮£¡һֱһʱ䣬Ҫ֪һʱ䣬Ҷ׶ǿĹʽ¡˵¼ֵڣҲǷǳˣҶ׶Լ͵Ϯ֣δؾܴù¡
¡ֲסˣҶȫ֮£ץסһһֻצֱץס壬һץһǿն¡壬¡ϾͱһӣϵĻֱӱըҲһܴ˿ڡ
¡һιķɳʮ׿⣬ɫҰףԼ壬ȻըһȭͷС˿ڣҪ׻඼ˡ
¡Ծ֮࣬æ˿ڣҷֹѪҩ˵ҩʱ˿ڸסˣʵˣҶȴԽսԽ¡
¡ԾҶΪ֮ǿҪϽ̷ҩ֮ʱҶҲûн׷ɱ֤Լʵ֮󣬾Ͷ¡ûʲôˣҶ׶¡˵ϼһ֪ҵ˰ɣո㻹˵ʲôţһֶֻܴǰɣڻʣһֻˡ
¡С㲻ǿϷ֣ҲϷĶ֡
ǾֻܹԼˣ˭ԼСĵ㣬Ҷˣǲţܹ˭ԼǰɣΪҷΪ
Ҷ׵Ļ¡һ亹䣬¡Ȼ𱦽ȵСӣôʰ㡣
ͼ¡һǿ嶼ǿҶ׸оҪԱһˡ
ɲģ¡ʵԱĻѵֵҶ׸æˣǵոպ֮ʱ¡ȻŵƶԶȥ
ãʹթҶҲһŭϾ׷˹ȥٶȣ¡Ҫ죬Լܹץס¡ֻҪʱ䣬Ͼ¡Ǻġ
¡ƴʱٶҲǷɿ죬Ҷ׾ʩչ˷ӰҲǺһʱ׷ģۿ¡ҪҶҲЩˣҲǰֱɱȻ֮¹·аףҶľ֮ڻǿɱ˶Էġ
¡һҶ׷ˣҲֻܸϽֿͬʱȻУд̿͡
˭Ҳû뵽Ĵϣ׷ɱں̿ͣǰҶֻѸٹһĹϯ¡һαҶ׵Ľǻǲܻɱ
ͬʱĸλѾ¡ȣȫ˹ǰľź⼸ʵڽӽ벽ʥߵĸ֡


ٶʮ 
Щ˿¡Ҷ״ǱҲǾˣǸæȥ¡ҶҲòֹͣ˹
ҶҪԵ벽ʥߣӽ벽ʥʵǿߣ˵кܴķգȻ¡ˣԵֵҶ״󲿷ֵʵźһ벽ʥ߾ͿԳ룬Ҷչ
Ҷױǿѡ뿪ģѾ¡ﵽԼĿģȻԼǲǸúúõԣԼһܲܺеĸ࿹⡣
˺ͶԷֵͷҶ׾û뿪ˣ¡õԼ˵ľԮȻɫеѿϾǴϣҶ״˵Ǳȴƣ¡Ͼ˵ɱСӣɱСӡ
˿¡ˣ϶ǳĳԾ¡ʵǵȻô˼ҲĶ֣ôܱҶ׻ܡ
æʵϣôˣ
֪¡Ѿˣ¡ֻҡҡͷϷָϣ͵ϮϷ򣬷ĻϷô򲻹С̫ˡ
¡һҶףһԼôӣĻһ˭¡־ȻˣҲ˵ϣ㣬ǾɱҲĹң׶ˣһҪ
Ҷôĸֺη壬ҲûŶ֣˵껰Ŷ˵Ǽһػô죿
ҲǱ˵ķǳŭСӣұ㺦Ĺң㵽ʲôˣΪʲôҪ
ҶЦҵҼ飬ֻǾţһëһԸҵģֱȫˡ
Ҷ׵Ļ֪϶飬æ㵽ʲôˣ
ҶҲûдԼˣҲöңҶ׾˵㻹ǵʮǰҶ𣿡
Ҷ˵ɫеɻӣϾˣʮǰǽһˣѵĵӡ
ǸŵҶҵӣȵʵ
Ҷ׵ͷҾǼʣµΨһһˣһŹ𣿲ȫǲֵġ
Ūԭ򣬲Ҷ׵ĻЩΪȻЦƾ𣿡
Ҷ׵ͷƾңôѵһ𣿡
Ϊ㱾¾ͿԶԸңֻҵһҶǣҪǼǿߣַӾҪɱҲ뿪ˣһὫɱˣˡ
Ҷ׿˿⼸λ֣ȷǺǿǼǰԼҲֻսʤеһλѣڣǼҶҲս
ǾͿûˣǴѾˣҪұھͿ
ҲΪ¡ûи¡æСʵǳǿ֪ô£̶̼¾ȻܹϷ򿹺⣬һҪСģõȫɱ
ҲҴ⣬Ҷ׺ˣ͵ͷͰմϵ˼һϡ
¡ǿģͬҲˣͷãߵŵ˾ͽеҸϣҪˡ
¡ǵİϾͻָģеıϾͳҶ״˹ź⼸Ҳͬʱһʱ뷢Ҷȫס
ҶָԼĽֱӽԼ棬γһķǿķ¡ŵ˵Ĺȫ棬ûйҲǿеĿɿڴҶ׾Ȼֵܵסô˹ȻǺʹ˵һѾǽˡ
Щ˼޷֣ڳԾ֮¡ͽеҲҪˣȫѻ
ϾʹԼǿĹ¡Ľʵǿֱɱ壬ŵ˵ȻһЩǼǺǿǽе۵һ𣬱¡Ĺ
һҶ׵ھ¡Ĺˣ֪Ҳѵֵæų˽֮ܣڽ֮ܵı£Ǽ˵ϹʱˣǼ¡ĹҶ׵鱦ֱӵֵ֮оͳһԲ׵Ĺâ磬һƬ̻磬֮һɫľ淭ֵеĹ
ҶһֵĹ֮£ҲֻʱŷǵĹû˵ҶףǻһһԼرΪǵıգýӵǿ
¡ȿ취ˣϾͽеҲҪֱӳ幥
Щ˸æ˽ҪһᳯҶ׵巢ǽѾҶűסôҲûа취Ҷ׵塣
¡ҲǼˣʱȻһҵķ
ȻͽһգʱͽյѩϾγһ޽ֱΧ֮ڣҪ֪ܿõĽһӵǿҵĽ
һýѽҶ׿ֵʱҲ̾ǱԼ鱦Ҫ߼ˣͷųĽ֪ˣһļһʩչģǻҶ׵Ļ֪жôǿ
Ҷ˵㿴Ҹ׵
ԭϺ֮ʱģǵʲôΣգ൱ǿѾﵽ챦ʥ߼ǿߣҲ׺߼֣ϺƽʱԼõһͽûüʹʹıʵҲͻ˰벽ʥߣѱԻɱ벽ʥ֮ڵǿߡ
һѳ챦׵ıҶҲЩˣĲΪ£ΪϣõһѱԼ鱦ʵѾԽԽˣܵõĻֻõ
ֻҪȻֲУҶ׾𱦽׼ǰնһ콣һ㳯Ҷ׷Ҷ׸æųһĹҪˣȥûеıѾĽ⣬ҶҲ̵Ҵæתܡ
ǰѾ޽ͷ裬ôܣǿĽͷոһɣǾ޽ٴγҶ׸æȫǽųҪֵסԷĹǽҲſھͳ޽ҧȥ֪ûм޽ֵסұ޽ֱӻˣҶ׵ҲһʹΪ֮еĽһģˣͻˡ


ٶʮ رķ
Ҷ׸æջؽΪʱ޽£ܵصĴˣҶһѪӲĽǽס˶Էľ޽Σյ
΢˵ѱѽȻ˵ҵĽ
ʱ𿪿ЦСӲ֪ѱĵȼȻ֪ˡ
Ҷæ֪϶챦׵ֻҲû뵽ô
ȴҡҡͷ㻹ǲⲻһ챦׵һѾʥǿӳֹıͬһ챦ҪǿŻӵǿҪȻʵô˵㡣
ӳֹıǲǿ߽ԼעҶҲǾ֣֪еǿ߿ɲһǿߣ϶Ǳ͸ǿǿߣҪȻһ˸޷Լע뵽챦ǿ֮ϵġ
Ҷ׾͸ҪõѱˣֻҲûа취ԼΣˣҶæѱôʲô취ֵܹסĹ
ЦȻǺбҪķѽǿҲֻ챦ףʹǿ߼ӳ֣ҲһķΧ֮ӵһﵽ˻μķʱó԰԰ˣԸҪѽ
Ҷ׾֪˵ˣҲֻȼܹԷķҶ׾æֵܵס
ͷԵֵסĹܽûӵѱ
Ҷ׵Ȼϣӵıˣ˵˵ôõ
ʵܿ̽ѱУҪϷԳֲС˵
ʱҶ׶أ֪û취ԸԼıⱦϺıӵǿߵļӳ֣һİ벽ʥ߸ûа취ֵôԼʵƾԻɱһİ벽ʥߡ
ҲΪʲôŵԭЦСӣһˣ㻹ôܣ
޴齣һη˹ҶʱҲ͵İˣæϷҪˣʲôùܡ
Ҷ׸æջԼƣ彻˲ͿҶ׵ų鱦һ鱦ֱӽ鱦˳ȥȥ
ҶҲЩԾȻѾԼˣȻᷴҶ׾ȻԼıӳˣЦСƽҲܺҵı
ֱҶ׵鱦ʱųɽ֮е̣һ֣Ͼ¡ע⣬æСķ
ȫûнҶ׵̷ΪԼıݣ鱦ȥ̡
ûջԼıΪһͷĪڴʱĿ֮£ͼѸٵתǰͼ֮УһâԶԶҪҶ׿ƵʱӵҫۣɹâϾͽм䣬Ͼ͸оԼ֮ϵ˲Ǳʲôһ㡣
ʱҲǴһĵȼӦȫֵܹסֻƴĿûдջأǺܿͷǹӵǿ˶ɲһֵֶܹҪʥ򾳵ʵͷŵѵﵽ
ʱŸоҪջرԼѾջرˣʵѾûбƣ֮ԻܷȫΪڷѾ̸ˡ
ʱͬǷųԼϷһ֮ͬ˵㣬֮Ͼʧȥһ㱻Ҷ׵С
ȻǺǿȴʥ۷ǿߣϵûﵽ磬ȻΪ̵ʹѸٵǿȫ
ԼıˣСӻҵıҵı
ҶôֵܽıٸջԼ彻ҶԼҶϾЦбѽûб»ǿСܱܲסɡ
Ҷ׷ǳ˷ܣ޲ھͿҲԼûпңһʲôط˻ȥͲˣûⱦ
Ļ¡ǵģ֪Ҷ׵˵¡æ˵ϿȥϷԸ
Ҳ֪ԼԶҶ׵Ķֻ֣˵˵ϣһҪرҸҵġҪ֪ˣһɱҵġ
¡Ȼ֪ⱦæͷģһر
ȴûʲôգϾҶ֣ʵҲ̫ǿ˵㣬¡ֻöΧ˵Ҷƴˣβı
ֻ¡ָӣֳҶɱҶ׻Ȼı⣬Ǵˣ֪ԼƴȫҲδܽǻܣһðգõѾ׬ˣ뿪
ر׷˵
ҶϾʩչӰϾʹǵǰ˰׿⣬Щ˵¡ٶ죬æ׷ȥ˸ž׷˹ȥҶˣеС쵰һһ
ֻϧҶײٻˣٶȱ¡죬ڷƬ֮Ѿ¡˦ˣ֪¡׷ŵ㣬ΪҶ׻صԼң¡Ȼ
ڸõģҪ˵¡ĶˣҲ򲻹ˣҶ׻صԼңҲûʲôˣֱӻصԼס֪¡ǲ׷Լҵġ
Ȼһ·׷ԼҵſڣͣðմԼңʵжǿ˭Ҷ׷ɻ͵ûκεİ취ˡ
¡Ҳֻö׷˵ǻǵ´ץסСӰɡ
ȴæ˵ҵıҵıܶˡжôҪԲ˵ˣ¡֪ʹȥҲδܵõ෴ǶΣա
ȥᱻԼΧģʵϷ£ϷѾˣóȻȥĻǳΣա


ʮ ɹԦ
¡ĻҲ֪еʹ˵ҪǸ֪ı䵽СҵСûˡ
¡æģǼ֪֮⣬֪ģǻܡ
ҲֻõͷֻˣȻȥ֮취
⼸˴ҴҸϻȥҶԼķĶȵôһûж֪֮˲ҴѾ뿪ˡ
Ҷϲ̵Ĵ֮ȡȡ֮󣬷ʱһƬĹâڷҶҲǾΪ֮һ
ýѽ֪Ҫҵ鱦ǿˡҶ׸̾
ЦȻˣȼѾﵽ챦Ʒʥ֮ҲǷǳķοϻǿ߼ӳֵλǿߵʵֻǱȵϷһѡ
Ҷ׸˷ܵҪʩչжʵ
˵ոʩչʱܽƿˣ󲿷ܿĻӦ˵ʥ֮޶ˣ¾ʥ߼Ҳֵܵһˡ
ô벻ӵȻﵽľ磬úãҪľıھҪơ
ҶȲҪ˵ҪҲ׵ģϺӡҪȥС
Ҷ׾еˣæʵȻôܹƣȴС
æˣϺĶӣϵӡͷǳĽӽϺߵʱҲ϶ǴļԦܹ֮ҲûʲôֵģҪƵĻͱҪеӡȫȥˡ
Ҷ֪ϺʵﵽʥСɣҪӡȥ׵飬ʵ϶޷ﵽģ
ҶæЦʦͰҽǵӡȥɡ
ȴʲôҪʦ
ʦҲûҪȻôҵʦҪʦҿʦҪʲôСҶ׸æЦ
ŵͷðɣôԵķϣΪʦͰһѣ㽫סϷҪˡ
Ҷ׸æ˫ס´ˣ̷һǿֱ֮ڣҶϾ͸оеٴγ˲ŬסǹǿҵĲȻûа취ͣ£Կڽս
Ƭ֮󣬱ƽҶ֪ʦսʤ˶֣ϲ˵ˣڱϵӡѾȥֻҪϢˡ
ҶֻǽԼϢ뵽λǿߵڱ֮ڼӳһ㣬ȫͲһλǿߵѾһˣԱ˿ƣҲǿ֮ĻϺҲû취ԦΪҲûа취λǿߵ⡣
Ҷ׺˳̣ˣҶ˷֣޲ھҪʩչҪڷʩչĻҪⷿˡ
ҲѾ賿ʱˣҶȻûиоۣͲȻԼȥˣˣ֪ȥ֮󽫷Ʒˤ˸ϡãû˸ȥϢ
Ƣʱ¡һֱվߣйĲˣ¡վ˵ϢŭϷҪҪ
ʱ򣬿Ƕ¡ҲҷƢæʲô˵ɡ
¡˵Ϸ˵СӵʵѾﵽһ˵ĵزϷȬˣҲһʱòοѾõϷԼҽй
¡ĻҲǺܵģϾҡҡͷܣٴҲԼҶǷʵȻǿֲһ۹ҵԼǿ֪ٱԼҲûӣƾǸСһ˵ҲɲʲôӰ죬ߵҵıҸ׵ӡƾ޷ȥҲûа취ã´һҪ
˵Ҳеģ¡ʶ㣬֪Ҷ׸һԤϵ˭֪²ܻԼ¡ǵĵ˵һ򣬾һСƽ¾Ǹ޷ԤϣԼҸǶҳޣϷˣδز֣Ϸ򿴣ǻСΪǰǿͬʱҲ԰Լķ
õľˣһ԰رȻͬˣֵĻ֪ԼʧæҪǸ֪Ҷıͻˣɲܴȥ
¡æģߵϷʶϵˣϷᶣǲ˻㱨ģ֮ϾͶԼҷץסҶͯԼı
ȴҡҡͷǲУ֮ʱͰ˵ˣǲܶԼҽйλǿٴλĻǸҲ͵ס
¡ǿֻץҶͯԼʱйץҶͯҲܽУץס֮ܽˣȻû֪λǿҪҵ鷳ʱòʲô֤ݣҲԺ֮лбǿǿߡ
Ҳͬ¡İ취æǾͰմϵ˼ȥ죬ǰҪɣ˵ǽ飬˵Լҷ
ϷȻöԲߵģ²˳٣ھǰԮϷСҲȡжϷˣˣֻǱŷ
˵Ǿʹȥ쿪ʼȫǽϣκ˴ҵȫ׼սǵķԼҺСȫˣҲûа취
˵еģȻҶȥ磬ΪҶ׵ʵӹĻǾˣԲ˵ˣǽ¥϶ǹ֣л𹥾ʯ޴ըҩҪռԼҵʵԶԶġ
¡æߵһλǻʾ۷ǿǰȥ֧ԮܽԼ˵ȥҲΪԼӣҪϺ֪ǱҶСӻ˵ģͶˡ
λǻʾ۷ϾǰϺ踮ۡˣ¡ȫϣҵȫڱս״̬ϼӷ¡ȻˣûʱˣǾİΣ


ʮһ ҵķ
Ҷ׻¡֮ԼҲŹ飬¡ܣõʱϾ͵õϢȫϣҲԼṥһҪɹҲ׵ģ֪ѹԼ֣ҲûƣԪǰĻҲҪʱգҶ׾ʱһΪһҪԭҪԼĽϡ
ȻõǴûʹùȻҲЩİҪ˽һǾͱҪһʱҶȻҪúõӳԻԼԼҪܵˡ
ʱһ˶Բƽɲ˵ЦģҶ׾ԼҿʼúõԼһǰµʱ䡣
Ҷ׸ոû죬͵֪ǿǰҶ׿ʼǵϺ裬ϺĻ¾Ҳû취ֵҺҲֻǰ벽ʥ߼ֻҪҶ׶õġ
Ҳ֤뷨һʱȫǽϣʱ򹥴ĻʵʱɴѡԾƶԼר˴ԪҲúõҪǰҡ
һξǰµʱ䣬ҶҹԼյĬ֮ʵԼԾˣͷųԶԶ鱦ܱȵģȻѾͬһ㣬ƵƬѾǿһʥҶ׶޷Ϊڻûк͸ֹС
Ҷ׶ԼʵԽԽţ˵ʥʧܣֻʥһʲôĽͲ֪ˡ
Ҷ׵ͻȴͣǻʾ۷壬ȻЩȫǻʾͰ벽ʥ֮һغͻƣûлɱ벽ʥ߻ȡֵҲû̷ʲô鵤ƾͻƻҪܳʱ䡣
ҶײżԼľֵ߰ҪͻƵĻҪɱ벽ʥϣλ벽ʥߣر¡ʵѾﵽ˰벽ʥ۷壬ɱľֵλ벽ʥҲͬľֵʣµһֵȫԿõҩǻɱ޿Իã˵ݻɱǵǿߣضͻư벽ʥߡ
ҲҶײżнԭҪ¾㱸ԼӵܻɱڶֵŻ֣һ־;Բʧ֡
ʱһĹȥˣҾ˰µĽŷȴûпκεǰһ㶯ûУһֽиǶΪ¡̫ΪҪԼΪѾˣҪȥҵĸǰ
⼸λĸҲȻеиˣһ£ǳԺ֣ʱ¡˰µҲĻָˣָֻȴѾûа취ˣֻʵкܴӰġ
¡λ߽ķ䣬⼸λ¡ľȱһλϺ죬һλҶɣһλţλҲҵĶϣνĶϾǷˣͳմߵӣ⼸λϺߵˣϺߵԳΪϣ¡Ҳͬ
һĶʵڰ벽ʥ߼𣬵ȵ˸һǾǺϺҲһˣЩ˵ʵϺ˲࣬ʥ߼𣬶֮ϣкĳϣǲĺģеĴȨϺҵմҲҪǵķԸ
ǵʵȻǿˣжǿ˸޷֪¡ߵ⼸λʵڰ벽ʥ߼ʵ൱඼ǰ벽ʥߴɣҪŵǿˣ֣¡ҲǶ֡
Һ¡һȻʵû¡ߣϺߵˣϺȻҲᵡǣҪԼ
¡ķ䣬Ҳ⣬¡Աߣ¡һˣæЦλôпϷˣ
֮ģʵҲǿһЩ˵ϣΪ˷ֹԼҺǽҶͯСӵĹôﶼ˰ˣҲûмӰѽ
λ벽ʥҲͷ˵ǣǡ
¡˵֪żˣ¡æЦλ𼱣Ϸ˵ԼҺС֮ûǣΪλĵǿ϶ǵõϢ֪˸ǰȻǲˣλúõ棬ʲôҪϷһ㡣
ȴ˵ϣǿɲģôȥˣҲϢˣһʹһζԸԼҺҶͯġ
¡΢΢Ծæλ˼ǣ
Աߵɾ˵˵˼ȥûʲô壬ȻСӲˣǾҲð׷ر
¡Ͼҡͷ²аɣѾˣ򲻵ѲȥԼңǻúñҵĺá
ȴЦϣΪߵˣ£ʲôµģֲǴĵȥԼңǿ԰ǰԼ׽ҶͯѾ֪Լˣˣ˵ıʲôʱܹ׷ûУ
¡ҲǱʵû취شĻֻܵͷǵ뷨Ҳԣֻȥ׽ҶͯһԼô죿
ȴЦǲǱһεĽսӰˣôСģԼҲһԶԸԸҶͯûаգǻλ𣿾ԼҼλǿ֣߳Ҳû̫Ӱ죬ǵʵԶ֮ϡ
ɵĻеģԶԸҶˣһ¡ǿ׽Ҷûģ¡ǵʵȻˣ֪ǳĻ϶аգæʵ֪𣿡
Ͼ˵֮ǰ͸˵ˣϾͬˣһ˵ܽСץ͸á
¡Ҳ֪϶ǻͬģϵı¡Ҷ˵ˣҲ͵ͷϷҲͬǵ뷨Ҫһȥ׽Ҷͯж
æǿҹȥԼ׽ҶͯңΪβȥԼңץסСӣҲԻȥˡ
¡ľûʲôԣ˵Ǻãھͽʱ䶨һ£ⷽ׼
ϵȷˣǼ˵ʵͲôС˰ɣͽϳֱȥԼץˡ
˶ԼǷǳţ¡ҲǵǰʾѽҲ͵ͷͬǵ뷨Ͼ׼ǰȥԼ׽Ҷס


ʮ Ĵǿ
ҶԼѵ֪׳٣ޣҲҶ׵סҪҶס
СҶʵղĿ࿴ѽһͶҶ׿޵
ҶæӭӣЩ˲ҴҶףµһҶûԲǰ̽
ˣһҪСҶЦ
ЦҪϷҲҪˣϷʵڶĶˡ
Ҳжϵģ֪Ҷ׻¡϶ټӵԼҶ׵ĶҲǺġ
ҶæǫʵȵϣԺҪѧϰ
СһͲҪǫˣϷʲô㣿ϷҲ׼Ц
ҶæЩֻҵҴ㻺˵ѾиǼʹҲһܹȡʤǿûиõĻɡ
Ҳǵͷ˵ҲеģֻҵǱ߻ȡʲôжԸǣԼҷҲûʲôĵģѾǶôˣֻҵһ취Ը
Ҷæ˼˵ǿɱң
ͷȷܵģǰѾˣǶǲĶ֣ǶȡжΪĻֻ֪ģûץҵİѱҶλǿѣǲųǻðɱֶԸ㣬Ϸһ¡
ҶȴЦҪǸĻ֮ˣҪȻһҪȥУϣɱңҾǡ
ǹЦСҶȻӢţ˼Ҷ°ɱ㵹ɱ㣬ʵҲȷǷǳ˵ã˿ҲԶԸ㣬һһСҶ㻹ҪСĵ㣬ǹ׶㣬ѷȻԼɭϣǼλǰ벽ʥ߼ǿߣҲѷһķ丽źøġ
ΪҶ׵İΣģҶȴæҡͷǧҪҵȵľǰҪǷɭϵĻ˵ǾͲˣɣſڲʲôԼСĵ㡣
Ҷ˵ҲͷǺãϷͲ˱ˣԼҪСĵ㣬ʲôϾ֪ͨǣǻἰʱԮģϷ֣ҲþҵǼλǿˡ
ҶЦҪǸĻǾǰڷ糾۹ˣֻҪǣһ̴Ԫɱ糾۹ռеĵ̣ʱ糾۹ͺԪ۹һ۹ˣҲὫԼҵߡ
ϷԪ۹ĴǰϷһԼȫԱ뵽ҵĴ֮УϷѾһ˶ˡ
Ҷ׺ֳһŸǣҶҲϢˣҹʱ֣Ҷ˯Ժʱȴ˵СӣҪ˯ˣˡ
ҶϾʹ˯֮˹֪˵˿϶ҵˣҵ˭ǰԼҡ
ʦ˶ˣʵôҶæʵҪŪ˵ʵ˵
һˣһ¡ģʵڰ벽ʥ߼СӿҪСĵˡ
ҶһϾǾһæĺãԤǺ׼ȷģǵȲˣҾǡ
ЦͶԼôģһολ벽ʥߣһλ¡ʵﵽ۷弶Ĺ𣿡
ҶЦЦûԹô֪򲻹أ˵˾򲻹ǻʦԼҲõġ
ҲǵͷеǾ׼ɣһҪ͵Ϯ㣬ԼСĵ㣬Ҫǵĵˡ
ҶЦ˵ֻҶȥ͵Ϯ˼ҵģ˼͵Ϯˡ
ڴʱ¡ǱԼңǵʵ˸޷֪ǣΪԼ棬ȻǲģλͬǽЩӵֱ֮ӾԼҳǱ֮ڡ
¡Ҳ͵֪ԼҽҶװסԼҪҵһ˻׾ٵ飬ΪǮȥ顣
¡ָָǰһ˵ǾСӾסķˣǼһȥ¡
˵ǼλһȥץҲı°ɣһһҪ¡
˾ͳӷȥǰ棬Χû˻еƣæʵϣȷôһ˶ûУ
¡æҵ˲дģСΪǣ͵Ϯǽȥ֪ǲˡ
˵ͷǰ·ֱſڣûκε̵棬ֱŶ룬弱ٳҶ׾סĴ
ҪľĿ죬ʵҶʵǿҲ޷ô̵ʱ˵˯֮У˭˯֮з𷴿
Ͼͷס˷еĳڣҶǵ嵽һµʱȻоԣϾȻûˡ
ãûˣǱˡ쾪ȵ˵
˶ǳԾǵʵǿȻҲǺܾţҪ뿪ʱǺȻſڴһǸ˵ֻҰҹȥ˼ңû뵽컹˸ңǳɣҾ档
Ͼͳ˳ǿվһӰ¡һǲҶͯ
ǸҶͯæʵǼ˻ûмҶͯԾ¡
¡ͷСʵǿҪСĵ㡣
ҲǺܳԾǿֻһСһȻܹ¡ôľţ뵽¡Ҷ׸˼ָҲпԭˡ
벻ôˣʵǿѽǸҵӣȻôңҲ̫ʧˣô򣬵ȺŹǣû8Ҷ΢΢Ц
¡û˵Ϊ֪Ҷ׵ʵ˲֪ͺȵСӣΪ𣿾ȻҵôˣһֻǴⱻ˿ӣҵҪ㵽ǲʵϡ
ҶȴǺǺЦһģߵλϣһǲҲ˵ģǽΣǱҴǱǶǲģûһ̸ߵļһ
챻˵ŭ죬ΪҵĶϣȻȲЩʥߣʥ֮ҲѽοϾͽеСӣϷ㶷һ㵽ûб¡
Ҷһ컹뵥Ȼ֮ã˵ʵô֣ûʲôܻǣĻ˵ɱκһλˡ


ʮ һƵ
¡ȴϾס˵쳤ϲɴ⣬ʵȷǿһȻϷҲǴˣûʵĻô˵ңҿǻֹĺá
ȴһں˵֪һο϶ǱˣԲСģϷȴһСһҲҪǼֵĻǼλͶһٶϼһķţϷģĽܡ
¡ֹѾȥ¡Ҳ޿κΣǲԿ֪ͷѽ֪ҶжҲкôҲˡ
嵽Ҷ׵ǰ˫ֿ˵СӳְɣϷԱϷʵȳ֡
Ҷ׼ţЦ˵ģҾͲˡҶ˵վһĳֱͨأʵͨƵͬҲ֪Լܹܹͨλ벽ʥߴɵĸ֡
ͨһʱһǿûӰͻϾ֪һﲻ˵ˣۺԶɺǿв
ϻ֮һƣͬһ׻ʽƷҶ˫Ʒ˭˭Ͼֳˡ
һ֮£Ҷ׵ͨϾʾ˸ߵĵȼǿĹ˲ͻͬǻʽƷӡֻһǿײڰ֮ըһɽ壬ǿΧȥԲ֮ڶһƬǽ壬Ҷ׺ʮףȵվȴ弱ٺˣڰ֮оȻ˻ζû֮ʱˤӲǸסˡ
ȴѾһ˿Ѫˣһ˿ѪϾ֪Ѿܵˣ֮ûΪǿѹȥɫǳѿֱţոʩչƷѾﵽ˾ųɵΪܻҶףʹɱҲܽˣû뵽˵ĲҶףԼ
Ҳ̲ס޴ĳȫѪңû⣬λһͬǾ֣ɺϾȥҪסȴ˦ˣ첻Ҷ׵ǰʾԼƣԼͬǰʾԼܡ
û£ǲõģСʵˣ˵ϷˡҲò˵ʵҶ׵ʵ
λ֮ǿһλϼ춼ˣȻҲóȻǰȥ¡Ѿ֪Ҷ׵˵λǻְɣǿºѽ£ԼѾˣǺܿҪΧ
ոһƣѾԼеˣܿڶʿ˹ԼҵǿҲѸٸˡ
˼Ҳֻͬˣ˵֣
벽ʥϾһҶ׷˹ǰûй飬ҶҲǲҴ⣬ֱӷųԼ⼸λҵǿ߶һ㶣ǶסˣǿϺߵıȴҶ׵
˵ı¡ϾͳҶɱ˹ȥʵǿʹѾս⼸λǿģ˾ͬʱҶ׼򷢶
Ҷǵһʩչʵս֮УҲ֪ж¡Ϯ˵ĹֱٻĽһͬеˣҶ׽¡Ҳеɵˣ⻹һμôһҲֹϵƬͽô˵ԡ
ûеǵĹҶ׵ǰҶ׾ٻǰ¡¡æƴֿ֪һ⣬ǰγһɫķƣͬʱֱҶ׷˹
ͬҶչˣ޴ĽɣȫǽҶ屣м䣬˸⼸˵ĹոβȴҲɨǵǰ޴βɨһʱռ˾޴籩λ벽ʥ߼ĸбû壬ȴѾֱɨ˳ȥ
ΧҶ׵ĸֱֶӺɨʮ׿⣬׷ױײ˳ǽ֮ϣǰ¡ȴˣɫľȻһŭĽɫϾͷֱƬҲһǿȥ
ܵĳҪˣΪٵͷϮȻûзʥ⣬һŭѾܵ˺ܴĴ
⼸˲䱻Ҷ׻ˣǶǾʧʱҶԼЩˣû뵽ԼȻӳǿԻʥµĸѽ
Ҷ׾͸ˣķԶԶӵһһǿ󣬶ʱ¡ӵȻˣκʵǿҲ̫Ӱ죬ֻЩѿˣҲͬˣոһǱҲû˵ǵҪ
˸æͬʱԼҵĴѾΧסˣŵҲ˹ϾҶ׵ǰֻǵǿ¡ҲǳԾˣǾȻҶ׸ˡ
Լ۾Է벽ʥߣҸǰ벽ʥߴɼߣҶ׾ȻǴ˵Ǳ֪Ҷжôǿˡ
ʵҶܹǣһĹҪûԻ¡ȴûа취ôˣѻܡ
ӵǿ󷨱ĺô챦ƷʥǿߵļӳܹӳǿοҶ׵ҪľǸ߼ȼԽߵӵǿ
ոҶ׾ȻַһµǾǽȻܷ֮ǰǸûй飬ҶҲ֪ô£϶һı֣ȻһֻǸոһƤëѣȻƤëͿĽɹˣֻʱ೤⡣
æܵҶ׵ʵСҶûˣ
ҶЦǿ˵𣿡
ЦϷ֪СҶʵˣϷû뵽ʵȻﵽ־˵ĵزȻֵܽĹˣϷѽ
ҶЦˣҲֻǸող֪ԼܹﵽʵһǴˣҪͲˡ
Ҷ׵ĻҲеģǸոգ⼸벽ʥҲûзӳľУΪӵǿߣòһҶ
һˣǲûҶףԼˣüϼһˣһôԼ˵ǰǸ޵ˡ


ʮ ֲ
ȻǲŹõĻˣϾʹЦԭҵļֶѽôѽȻСҶ򲻹һҲٶ˰ɣȻ򲻹˼һʮ겻ˣҪϷĻҿʯͷײˡ
˵ЦԼҵҲǺЦüҳɫѿ¡ͽеϼһʲôСʵˣϷɲ㣬ҪǸĻϷ㵥
ϾЦãϷ͸һ˵㱻СҶָҪӮ㣬Ҫ˵ռıˣҶĵУ򲻹Ƥ
¡ĻȴҺ¡ŸɣΪҪҶףҶ׶ԶԸ˵ֳܷԸˡ
ʱ˵ϣô죿
Ѿ֪Ǵ·ˣҶѾѶԸˣּ벽ʥߣǼûʤˣѾ뿪Ҫ뿪ҲǺѵֵġ
¡ȻҲ֪ǵƺΣˣͶҶ˵СӣԼҵ˸ϷͲץˣԺϷֽץס
˵¡ʾ׼뿪ҶȴЦţһлҪ˵ԸⵥǽԼҵ˰æ
һؾ¡ҲҶ׵ĻˣȻ˵¡Щŵ㲻ҪС᲻ǳ𣿵ץ֮ǲҪ֡
Ҷȴƽ˵ұ֤ǳֵģǿңҺǽֵʱǲֻ֣ҪܻҽץסĻҲĺѵ𣿡
Ҷ׵ĻϾķԣæ˵СҶ̫ðϷԳ֣¡ȻҶǰܻǣֻһ֮ڵ飬˭֪ʲôЩһҲȷǿʵûʾ
ŵҲæȥȰ⣬ҶȴҡҡͷЦλҪģҵİգӮҪҲ׵飬ֻ뿴ҵжʵ
¡Ҷ׷ڣæ˵СӣҪͿ򣬲ҪģϷûʱ㡣
Ҷ׾Ͷ˵ھͿʼɣͬʱҽɡ
¡æ˵õĻˣһδҾͲҪˣȫʹԼʵץסСӣȻвˣǾͿˡ
Ҳͷս׼¡һȴûеһȥվһţΪ¡ѾԹˣһγΪҶ׹ҵˡ
ϡ¡һ£ǿϾͳȥһҶ׷һʱʩչǿĽһʩչһͬȼǹǿϾҶ׵ǰγһƬѤ⾰Ľб仯ǹ˵ɱǧҪ
˶ǰ벽ʥߣʹȻǷǳǿĹ֮£ǽҶֱҪȫûǵĵ⽣Ӱ֮£ǽձҪ֡
ǾڴʱҶȴͬʩչԼ޴ĽһͽסˣҪֵ˼ϾͻˣΪȻ˿ȶԷֵҪǸӵǿ
޴Ľֱ˼ֵĹƣͷſһھûһֵĹ޴Ҷ׵ǰ棬סҶ׵Ĺ
նɢҶһʩչ˲ǽĴΧеںſһļ򵥣צֳһҫ۵Ľɫֱӳ˵ץȥ
⼸һæӽצȥǽη壬צֱӳǵıץæ˺󣬿ǺɺȴһȻǱצֱץס˻볷رǽβٴһɨֱӸɨ˰֮⣬ݺݵײǽϣǳǽֱײһ
һ˾æӽûҶ׵壬¡ʱͬܿҪҶֱӷҶ׼ǴֻһˢǽϾ͵ס˵ȥ·޴ͷ˵ֱɶ¡æӽʹ̣ϧûжܣֱҧ塣
뷢¡ҲǱԼΪǿһˣ֮϶ʱͳĽӰǽͷȥͬʱҲˣ˲仯˺üѱųҶ׵ǰһǰ˱ͱһģһҲͬ챦Ʒ
ɱ˱Ŀ֮£ͬʱҶ׵壬¡򽣷òȫֿҶ׵ĿƺȻоһϤϢ齣֮ϣǵϢϾʹ˽壬͵ĺһҶ׵ΧϾγһ޴ˣֱ뷢
ȴûеסİ˱ɽϮΪĺֻܵסϮ˱ѱסǽֵҲЩˣҶȴżܴ֮ɳסеļѱʣµѱȴɳֱӷɵҶ׵󣬳ĺ󱳴
Ҷ׵ĺ󱳺ȻٴγһͨĹâһƬ̵ĶƳˣסѱϮ̵ĶҶ׵ܣܺͽ֮ǰҶװΧʵʵľɱʧЧˡ
ǸֵҷˣҶ״һɣɢնȫָͬʱϣһʱռһɾ޴ֱӽǽٴ˼£ʱĽѾʮɣƬȫʵʻ㣬Ѿܹ˿ۻңǿҵĽɫâǿһĽշ裬޴ڰ֮߮סеˡ
𡭡һǿҵ˻𣬾һ˻𣬶ʱ˿ռһ𵴣һɾ޴ǽĿ˲ͽǰ¡ֱӳ˳ȥ¡һֻһ㲻һڰ֮޷ƣľ޴צѾץ죬쾪֮࣬æų˱һȥȴֻצ׼ȷĽ˱ȫץסȻһ˦˱ʱͷ˳ȥ
ʧ챦ˣæҪܣҶôԼѣһӣ޴ͷֱӳһͷֱ֮壬Ҷ׵ĵʥ⣬ܵĽ⣬˲ͱȫ䴩һ󶴣쿴ԼǸ󶴵ʱ򣬼ֱԼ۾˫ֱֱĿȻͷһҽУ䵽棬Ƭ̾Ϣȫޡ


ʮ Ļɱ
ͬʱ¡Ҳǿ챻ɱ֮Ѹٵĳ󷽷ȥҪҶϾͷ׷ȥٴ¡޴βֱɨ壬¡ǿĶ֣ʹ˽ĹȴƾԼĶܣһεĹ㿪ˣûüϢһʹҶ׵Ķͷֻ۾Ҷ׵Ķؼɱ֮¡һвǽʥֻҶײʹöѡ
¡ûʱ䷴ӦԼؿھͱɱ֮УȻи߼׻Ǳһûа취룬ʱĽֱӳ£޴ͷϾͷһŭһǿ¡ߣҶ׵ڷͬʱĴѾ¡ҧ£ȵĽҧ˿У¡ϵĿ׻ãҲĽҶ׵ûҪ¡ȫ˺Ҳ׵飬ΪѾųԼе
Ǿ¡Ҳֲ˶ˣ߱Ҷ׵ɢ¡ϵֻıȫɣԽǷԽǱɵĿ죬ɾҶȫԸ¡ʱɺȴٴηǲǳǽɱȥ¡ǳҶɱҪɱҶˣ¡Σͺܿˡ
Ҳ˵ҶʱȷеѰ죬Ҫ¡ȫݻ٣ͱ뻨ϺܴȻûа취ȫԸɺţҶײģֱǳ嵽ԼǰҶ׵ĵٴδ򿪣ɱ֮۷һѤĹâֱɵ֮ϣɵʵɲ¡ֱӾͱ䴩ؿڣҲǵ͵زʣµſԼͬ鱻ɱŵøæӣʱҶȻӳԼıһҲǽ¡ֱҧ飬޴Ľ͵ĻӳԼĳβĻ˵棬ͬǰ춼û
ʱ¡Ȼûжȫ飬Ĵ󲿷ȫɣҲǽ֮ڣܼʱõƷҩΣܿͻ
³ңѾˣĴ󶴸ûа취޸Ҫһ㣬Ȼɱ֮壬ǲǹؼĲλӲţҲͬˣŬĴӵվ˵սѾʧȥ˴룬¡ʧȥѾˡ
һսҶ׻Ƿǳ⣬ȻҲЩΣգǽľ޴ϲѣǽĺٴʾֹ鱦϶ûа취ʩչġ
ĸ벽ʥһˣһѾҪˣҶջԼĹʱ¡ѾֻʣһˣĲ룬ԼȻˣҶСӵ͸ˣ̶ûüζѾˡ
ɺѾŵǻˣܣһֱվҲ֪ǽʲôҶ׿˿ǣҲûʲôֳ֣¡ȥ¡ڻеǰҶף˫֮г˾ֺͲʡ
Ȼģĸ벽ʥ߶ûлҶףʲôˣǲˣ¡ﶼ뷨ˣˣôܻͻƵô죬ֱǲ˼顣
Ҷ׶ǿҪ¡˵һܺڽҵ鷳ɣʵҲúڵģֻǽʱǰ˼죬ұ㼸֮ȥǾսӦҲҲðϢˣΪɱʵǿһˡ
¡ʵеСӣȻˣһΪұģ͵ɱǰɡ
ҶЦ㶼ҪˣӲҵѵƢ𣿿ô࣬һ̰ɡҶ˵걦һӣһֱ¡壬¡Ͼ
¡ھֵɺˣҶ׾Ͷ˵Ǵô죿ɱǣǼҽ
ɺ֪һڽˣͻ࿴һ֮ľ͵ĳҶףһѽǹҶ׵ؿڣһѱȴǹȴҶ׵ķӦ
˵ĬڣҶκεĶٱĺ湥ϵӦ޷죬Ҷ׿϶ҪԽǹĹӦǵһӦض仯Ǻıץס仯ʱ䣬ΣյĹ
һ仰һʮᣬҶ׵ʵѾԶԶǣֶҶвҶȻԼûٻǿӳԼʵһâ˲ҫ벽ʥߵ۾ɵıǹֻоһɾײи޷ƣǹɳıҪȴҶ׵ıûֱֹͣӳΪǰĽǹûиı䱦Ĺʱ䣬ҲҲҶ׵
Ͼͷֳ˸ߵͣҶ׵챦Ʒһӵʥǿ߼ӳֵŵıֻǵƷǰͲһֻһŵıϾͶΪΣԼҲǹǿĽֱɱ
ɱţ˵ûлѶɿԼͬѾûСԼҲˣ֪ڽˣɴ͵һԼԴɱ
ҶҲû뵽ɱĻϵõսֵʹۿˣϾǰλǿõľֵӦòˡ
Ҷ׸æųɱ¼һԹԣɱ¡ֱӻľֵɱҲٶľֵһٶ٣ҲӽˣһҪﵽ˰ͻư벽ʥߵļˡ
ھͲһˣҶֻҪ΢ӰͿͻư벽ʥߣûüˣԼ˵ıӵĳԾڣҶ׷ȫվԭأǶһҲ˵ûУǶڿԼپǿߵЩɱ˵ǿߣһ㡣
Ҷ׸оЩˣæ˵ôˣô˵ˣ
ʱŻˣǸոǲ˵ǸոǱסˣǿһһҲ޷ǵսһҲŵĽŻǳĶˡ
ϾʹЦҶֵܣҶˣĲ֪αڼˣıе˶޷ţȻĽȫɱˣĽ²ǲŵģ˵ʵҶ֪ǲǿģǲۻˡ
Ҷ׾ЦûпҲۻˣǵȷǱɱˣҲЩԾģԼû뵽Լ˵ʵ
æЦϷĵһˣǱ˸һͿأСҶһʤȫǿһˣԼǸմˡ


ʮ 
ԼҵӸϲ⣬Ҷ׵ԼӢۣһΧϾͺȵϹʲô֣ȥ⼸ϼһʬŪߣҪԼҡ
ϾеӴҴææȥЩ˵ʬ壬Ҷȴæһ£ҪʲôûУ
¡˶ҵĶϣݵˣȻЩһԴ˵㿴ͷʹ˾Ȼ鶼ˡǸϿҶֵܿʲô
ҶҲȥ鿴˼ҳϣȻ˼öɽ䣬ȼȻûԼĸߣҲѾﵽ챦ƷҶ׽Ǵһһ鿴¡ɽ֮м׻ʽ׽ûмҲѹ֣ı౻ҶˣʣµҲһЩûʲôôķ
Ҷ׼Ǽ׽Ҳûʲôر֮û£ȥ鿴˵ɽ䣬ҲмԼĽѣЩҶ׶ûʲôȤ֮⣬ǴĲƱˣгҶҲṵ̂ƣҪֻǷ߸ѣЩȤ
Ҷ״ʱȻǲɽ֮ҵһöССһ΢͵Сɫ񣬷ǳĺÿֻʲô
Ҷ׿һҲʲôãʹ㽫Իɽ䣬ʱȴæСӲҪӣѽıˡ
Ҷ֣æ˵ʦѵ֪ʲô𣿡
ٺЦҪϷûĻӦһ߲㣬ÿһ㶼ӵǿѹԽǸ߲㣬ѹԽǿͺһ
Ҷ͸ˣæʵʲôʦ˵𣿡
ЦϷʱڼ֮ڷĴڣų죬Ϊӵǿѹ˵ӵǿĵ߲㣬ʥκμǿ߶ûа취ѣȴƣ޴Ծʶԣ˵ʶӵһλĻ֮ˣϾͻʧȥκεһߣϿԼˣͿ˵Ǿ춯أϷҲûмжǿϷһѹʥǿߵĹ¡˵һоӦеһܹۣͿγһǿһжǿû֪Ѿʥ򾳵ļˣԸʥ֮ϵļǿߵġ
Խ˵Խ˷ܣҲǷǳϲҪ֪ʲôˣʲôıûмħҲһˣȴ˸߲ңԿˡ
Ҷ˵ôֻ࣬˼ص㣬һǳţ棬ţ浽ѹʥǿߣоȫĻʹ󵽲󣬻оԽߣԽ
ʦıҪˡҶ׸æͽУɫһƬϲЦСˣķҲܵõ벻һ벽ʥߵϾȻӵǿķ˭ϵأҪ֪ܻ죬Ǵ½ǿļҲҪΪΪ˭õǽơ
ˣԺҿҾ޵ˡҶһЦ
ȴĵ˵ΪõͿʹҵĳϲҲǲɱˣõĻһٸҲĶ֡
ҶҲһʦ˵ĶѽҪΪʲô˾ˣΪҶһֱ˵ǾͿҶһֱûжԺ
СҶôˣΪĵʵ
ҶæҡҡͷûʲôҲûкҪʲôˣкܶ಻ͲƱ°ɣÿԷչԼҵʵ
û뵽ҶôĴ󷽣ЩﶼҶ׵ģô˼£æҡͷСҶЩ˶ɱ˵ģôܷõķ㻹Űɡ
ҶȴЦ̫С˰ɣЩȻܸ߼Ƕ˵ѾûʲôôˣǶԼȴһʲĲƸˣǶǺܲܽԼҶ벽ʥѵ㻹ҪƱܶ࣬ҲҪЩԺҪˣҲ᲻ɡ
Ҷ׵ĻǸжѣæ˵СҶԼҵĶˣϷˣԺҪϷʲôϷһȫԸ
Ҷ׵ͷһսǿĶ֣ҪȡжˣҪҽйһϾʹϢԪǰҲһȥҰɡ
Ҷ֪ڵģǻûߵʱ򣬷ãԪǱ߿ҪʱܹϵҪĶԸ糾۹ľӣҶ׺ԼҶԸľҵ
Ͼ˵ֻҪСҶһ£ϷҲ֣
Ҷ׸˵Ǿͺãһ֪ǵĳѾɱˣʱʱھͶӦúܹܿ£ȷ糾۹ĴǰԪľӦҲϵˣֻҪֵǸʱ򣬷糾۹ǵˡ
ͷһҶֵܵİš
ھ׼Ҷ
ϾͽҶ׵ȥˣе˶ˣǽȥ˭ϺȣĹ˭ҪϺȵģϷնġ
ЩԼҵӵƽʱ۸ˣ˵ܹһһ㻶ڣҲ֪ǿ϶ǻģʱʲôʱ
ԼҵҶָӣϷڣҶһεٴζ˵ҪҶ׷Щӵߵλϡ
еĵʵҶ׵ǾԵ䣬˭ɱôǿߣҶ׻˭Ҷ׾Ϳ˵棬жӳ
Ͼźƣ˵ĶܿͼϣҶȻ죬޲ھȥɱҵĵӣҶ׵һ£˵ĶϾͳҽˡ
ʱңڼյĵȴźϢһ㶼Լĳϻʲô飬෴һҶҲӲԼˣΪһȥĿ벽ʥߡ
ڵȴϢʱ򣬺Ȼſڴһ󼱴ٵĽŲһϲ϶¡˽ҶץˣԼıҲˣǵҲһԾ
ſڵҴææĸϵķ䣬Ͼ͹ˣԼҵ߹ˡ


ʮ ۡ
һϢΪԼǲˣϾͺȵ˵ʲôԼҵôǰң۾ǲǿˣ
ȴæ˵СĿǧȷԼ˵Ķ鳯߿ҪǲҵĻôܼôǻǸϽɡ
һ¸ое㲻Ծˣ¡ȥץҶ׵ģôûлԼҵȴˣм䷢ʲô飬æʵûпϺλϣ
æҡҡͷûпǳȥ֮Ҳûлˡ
ȻһֲԤУѵѾץˣϾʹ뷨ǵʵ˭ץסǣҶҲǶѽһû֡
ǧȷģҲҵʱ䣬ϾȫӷϾȥ鿴ϵ˵ô£
æʹһʱǾҵĵȫˣһŻŵĶ֪ô£ֻڻ֮г˳ǸոճʱǾͿĶǻѣǶˡ
˵ĶܿͽȫΧĵӶţԼҵˣǾȻҶԼ֣ǿ˵ʱֲòġ
ЩҵҲǲʵǽûһλǿ쵼ߣ¡ѾҶɱˣʣµźûʲô쵼Լˣ֪Ǻá
ҶȫΧʱĳ¥ϣҶ׺֮ʱɫˣҶ׾Ȼûκε飬¡˲ǳôܣûۿ¡˻µģҶ׾ʹĽеһôĵӾȻңԼϼһ֪жķ𣿸ԣϸҳˣĻҶҪԼš
ȴЦСëӣһļһﶼûУ˵Ĵ󻰣ǹԹͶϷ㲻
Ͼ͸оеˣæȵô֪ûи֣Ͼͻġ
¡ǲб鵢ˣԻûлȴǹЦڵ𣿡
˵ͶԺ˵ǽǵʬ̧ǺúÿǵĴϺ⼸λʲôˡ
ϾмλԼҵĵӽ¡˵ʬ˳ǽ¡˵ʬſʱҵȫͱŵˣǼֱԼ۾ǵĴϺλϣȻѾˡ
ҵ˼ֱҪˣǿ˾ȻѾˣνܣܶҵĵϾ޷ʵķȫ̮¡ǿ߶ˣǻʲôֿ
ҲҪõЧҪ¡˵ʬסЩҵĵӣΪЩ˵ʵܲʹû¡ˣҲֺܼܳʱ䣬ֵʱԽԼҾԽǲΪڵȴԮĵ
Ͼҵĵ̲סʹˣһޣܿĵҲˣҴûй飬һεĴ̼̫ˣǸ޷ܣ˵ǣҲûа취ܣΪ̵ǿ߾ȻѾˡ
޷˵ˣŵˣѾ֪ǺˣҶʱ˵ԹͶҵи
Ҷ׵ĻȻоһŭֱţΪһʧأһξȻ¡ҲˣĴеСӣӾҲͶģб¾ɱѽ
Ҷ׼˵Ͷ˵棬ҿǲͶˣ׼
æȫ
˲Լҵӳ͹Ѿ˳׼ݻ𹥶ˣһ޴һִһףɵľľͳǴźȥ
һʱ»淭ɣ뷢ҵķҲǷǳǿͻʯԼҾӹȥԼҲǰ׼γһǿķϵ޷͸˻ʯܻһЩʿ֮⣬ĹƶԼӰ첻
ԼҵĵѾݣǽȥʵǿĸѾɵ˳ǽ֮ϺҵĵӽҵĴŸǱײһҡΣʱԱײһ㡣
ΪѾûǿߣǿҲǸոͻư벽ʥߣոһ֣ͱԼ峤ŸסˣŵʵҪʤһһҾûĸˡ
ʱǽ֮кܶĹֺͶʯֻвԼҵϾʹһ˳¥֮ϣһǼֱȺѽһ˲ͻɱ˼ʮĹ֣ûƬ̹ϰ׳ĳ¥мɱ֮
¥֮ϵԼҵĵӾֻ÷ĵĹˣܿԼҵӳ˳¥ʣµҵӽΧΪǵԽԽ࣬ҵĵѾŵܶ˶ӳȥˡ
һ·ɱվŵĵطǵʱȴûпʱĵˡ
һŭϾͶߵ˽еѰһˡ
еĵӶȥץˣ˰ҲûҵˣȷǷǳĽƻȥŴڹʱѾ͵͵˳¥׼
ͱ˶ˣǾҶףҶһֱڶĵĺ˾֪ҪˣҶϾ͸ȥȵ³¥׼ʱҶȴվǰ
һҶɫˣʧɫСҶӵĻҸǲġ
ϺвҶףҶȴЦһο¾㸸ҲȲˣ͸ҹԹԵĻȥɣǲɱġ
ȻԸҶ׻ȥҪһƴӳԼ˵ͳҶ״ֻϧʵҶ׵ǰѾǲֵһˣҶֱֻĳһƣûпҶ׵λþͱҶһƸķ˳ȥ
ҶֻͨƵĵһѾˣڵϰҶߵǰ˿Ǿֵ۾˵ڻ벻ˡ
ȻˣԼСҪҶ˵ʱǲɱģܵĻûˣæҡҡͷҲˣҲˡ
Ҷĵͷھ͸һȥɡ
ԹԵվҶ׵ǰ棬Ҷ׵ǰκεͷ뷨֪ԼʵҶ׵ǰ޷ˣʲôҪǸ㲻üŭҶףԼСûˡ
Լҵ˵ץʱȻͿҶ׳˳¥֮£ǰȻЦҶֵܣϷûп֪ȥץСˣȻһ㻹ܡ


ʮ ʯ
ץס֮ҵҲʧȥ˵ֿʵѾֿˣΪϱɱץǻʲôõֿģܿһսͽˡ
ս֮Լһץǧҷ²кܶʵǿĸֻ֣ѾûģսһˣǳԼҵİΧȥˣЩҲҶ׵Ԥ֮ڣϾҵʵǺǿģܽǴѾǲˡ
һսǴȫʤҶ׽ҲһҲֱɱˣҶ׻еڣԼôûж֣ĻԼЩֵ͹ˣͿͻư벽ʥ߼
Ҳż֪ȻûͻƣԽǹڵʵԽͻƵ벽ʥߵЧãΪʵͻ֮ʵŻǿ
ҶǶϤˣȴǵһνǶһδε̾ݻԶԶԼұȵģԼȻʷȴûôǮѽҲĻʹˣһѱȻǽˣҲȥҿϲӡ
Ҷ׽ԼĻʹֻˣķ²ˣæҶ˵Ҷֵܣλðɡ
ҶæҡҡͷɣһҪĻǿԼҵ˳˵λá
ȴæЦҶֵܾͲҪϷˣҪҶֵܻɱҼǿߣϷƴԼеĵҲ򲻹ҵѽҶֵܾͲҪˣǺ滹кܶҪ򣬻ҪҶֵͳѽ
Ҷ׼˵ҲͲˣ˵¾λãȽҵͷ糾۹֮Լҵˡ
ȻǸˣͷлҶҶ
Ҷԭıʱȴǰ棬ʱͷˣջǲ
Ҷϱ֮ϾʹŵǰݵݼҶ
ҶæЦǲҪôһôЩ²⡣
æһץǧҷ²ķԸ
Ҷ峤ôΪãҲһʱ̫ôΪЩ˶ҵˣҶշҲ׵飬ɱǣҶҲûģϾЩ˺ļҳϵҶҪԸҵϲ
æϷôֻǽʱѺǣǾͻٴңΪǵֻܽʱܹѱǿǼӣܵĻֻɱˡ
Ҷ׵ͷͰ峤˼죬ͬĵҲɱǣʱһǿ֮ǻıġ
æϷδǲǽɱˣ
ŵûˣҶһ仰ɱҶҡҡͷһɱ˵ôͽѺúõʰʰˡ
Ҷ׵ʰʰȻʲô˼æϷˣѺǲҪŪˣûС
ĻȻײˣǾʰֻҪûû£ЩԼҵĵʰˣһ⻰Ͼͽȥû߼ʹĽ϶Щоˡ
²֮æǸô죿
Ҷæһȡʤܿ糾۹ĴͻṥҪ׼ҵҲǰҲ̫ģҴԪܹ֮ϵֻҪʱ䣬ܹԮ
æЦģ˵죬һ£ϷҲܹҵ˸ҲҪϵʱ䣬ֻҪԸ糾۹Ĵˡ
ǾҪ鷳峤ԼҵֵˣҺúŬ֮ͽ糾۹Ҷ˵
˵˵һ⣬ҪҪȥ
Ҷһ⻰۾ˣæȻҪȥȻҪȥˣҲ뿴ҵʲôı
ʲôǮׯǮ౦ҶȻŹˣæ˵Լҵıҵ𣿡
ǰ˵游ףԼҵıѾҵǱ񱻷ûа취С
ȴЩ˵˵ʲôܷס⣬̫˰ɣϷһȥô¡
ŸæҶǰ⣬Ǿһ·̣һǳصͨͨа׳ߵͨǰǱĴˡ
ֻʱ򱦿ĴŽգҶȥһĴźرȻһͼʯţͼ¹⻪ޣƯҶϾܸӦⲻһͨʯţһ󷨡
⻹һ󷨣һ׵ȼܸߣǿ󷨣ҶٶһЩ󷨵İֻҲͼϵĵʲô˼
ҪˣȥҲŵرæֲǴ򲻿󷨷ƾǵȻˣ¾ϷҲûа취򿪣ƿ󷨲УһʵŶ˷󷨡
˵Ϳ˿Ҷ׵Ҷûа취ţ
ڵҶˣԼ򲻿ȻҪҶףҶȻҲûһʦҶæҿ
Ҷ˵ǿֻ𣺡ʦʲô󷨣ô򿪣
æһ󷨣Ϊ飬һΪżֻǺͨ󷨣ֻҪҵͼĹ֮ͬԴͿԴţ󷨵ĻžСϣֻҪС㣬Ϳ󷨳谭޷ͨ󷨵Ļ󷨾ͻʱʧЧͿԳû򿪴š
ҶʦĻϽȥѰ˵һңԾʦ˵СȻǲǺɻ֮£ֻܿһСͷ¶ˮ棬˭֪󷨵Ĺؿ
Ҷæھͷ
ȴҡҡͷСɲܹģһĸֻҪȫţͬԲС㣬ֻ㽫ƬɻƶСŻ¶ҪСȫЧĻҲûκεá
Ҷû뵽ô鷳æƬɻҲǵ֮ôȥѵҪˣ
ȴҡҡͷҪǽɻˣſԶҲ򲻿ˣΪѾһûƽ֮ǿ߽ȫ飬ʯ죬ＸףʥҲѴ


ʮ ޴ĲƸ
Ҷеô죿ɻô򿪣
Ȼķǻģеﶼƶ㰴ҵķȥͿԽǺɻƶһɻƶС¶ʱϾ壬ĻʯžͻԶ򿪡
ҶæͷͶ˵ǰȥͼ֮еµֱǵλãǾͻᷢ¹⻪ҫķޡ
Ҷ׸æֱӹ֮УȻͼ³һǳҫ۵Ĺâֱĸϣ˵ǿƶˣǺҶԱߵķޣǸϳҶΧΪǶڻҶ·С㡣
Ҷ׸æʵôϣѵҪȥƶǣ
˭֪ȴͷǵģֻҪȥǣȻƶġ
Ҷе㲻ţΪЩʯѽôܹƶͰ˵ȥһһֻݣִֻڰ֮зеķݣƶˣҶ׵ƶҶϲæǷݸߣֽԱߵһͷƶҶԱ߾ûκε
ԲǺҶˣС¶Ҫע⣬һ㴥ҶС¶ֻ֮мӵʱʱСԶǱˮףҲ޷ҵˣҲ˵û취ʯˡ
Ҷ׸æͷ֪ˡ˵ͽǺҶĲȻͼСȫ¶˳Ҷײҵʱ䣬ϾͷųһСϣȻʯźȻһܴ춯ͼϵºͷ޶ͬһͼƶ޴ʯҲʼĴˡ
ҶǽʯŴˣûİ϶޷ʯŵģ˸֪ҶϻһλǿߣֻҶͽʯŴˣȫһ㡣
˵˵Ҷû뵽Ȼƽ󷨣󷨵ȼɲˣȻôƿˣϷѽ
ҶæЦҲֻɶѣûʲô
⻰оҶǫ飬ˣæҶ⻰еǿ˰ɣµҪܹɴ򿪣Ͳʲô߼ˣҶ̫ǫˡ
ҶҲֻЦǰ󷨣֪һЩƽİ취ѡ
ʱȴЦֻһ󷨣ͱ˵Ǹ߼󷨣Ҫ弶󷨣ǻҪ˵ˣ̫ûмʶˡ
Ҷֻö˼ҿɲܺȣ˭ѽĴ½ǿߣͲҪȡЦ˰ɡ
ٺЦС֪ʦ磬ˣԺ֪Ĳʲô߼֪ٱ󷨶ǣԺʶġ
ĻҶ׵ȤˣȻȴû󷨣Ҳǰû󷨣ûѯʣ֪ˣҲǳ֮Ҷ׾æʵʦܹﵽʲôѽ
ΪʦҲ֪ﵽʲôֻ֪Ϊʦһ󷨽ʥ۷ǿ߸סˣסҹӦܹﵽ߼ɡ
Ҷһסʥ۷ǿߵ󷨣ǻˣҲû뵽ʦȻ߼󷨾ȻֻǴﵽ߼ҶæʵʦȻôͽԺ󷨺ˡ
ȴЦ󷨿ɲô򵥵飬ͬҪõ츳ҪǶûʲô츳ĻʥߣҲ治תҿСʲôɣҲӦѲ㣬˵㻹ɱ¼κε󷨶Ч϶ɹҪһһڳԣ·ҪһһߣȻȥ֮Ϊʦɡ
Ҷ˵Ժͽ͸ʦרˣֶһļˡ
Ҷ˵ʱԱߵȴһɵЦ֪ô£˵㲻ҪɵЦˣǿ㶼ǲɵˡ
ҶſȵĿԼæջر飬װһӣ˵Ҹһȥʲôɡ
˸߲ҵĸҶһ˱֮ڣǽȥ֮ǲ֪жôĲƱ
ڱĵһ㷿䣬Ӧ˵һ޴Ŀռ䣬Ҷ׿ĳƬƬĳǮׯĳȣǮׯҲʮ֮һѣĳмʮ׸ߣһа˸ôߵĳѣ˼ǧףҶҲôĳסˣĳˡ
˸ǿɵˣԼ˵ҲЩҵˣǺǰұȣǼֱǲֵһˣһѶȲѽǼ˵ԹԣϷôˣҲûмôĲƸѽǮѽ
ĵӸ˷ܵ޷ԼˣֱǳˣһӵĳҲ֪ж١
Ҷ׾Ͷ˵峤㿴ĳж٣
ԵĹһ£˵Ϸ򿴣һڵĳˣ⻹ϷıعƣʵʵĿӦñϷƵĶࡣ
Ҷ׵ͷӦòˣȥķЩʲôƸɡ
Ҷ׶ԳѾȤˣϾкüǧڵĳҪ񣬵˵ڶ䣬οĹȻˡ
ҪСܶˣװķǳľ룬ڷŵľǺˣҶһ۾ͿǮׯһ˳ǽһһţҲ֪жţҶԼһ£Ӧʮҵ񣬱ǮׯȻǮˡ
ʮʲôǾʮڵĳˣĲƸڣԼҵܹôƸģһһ㹻ˣǾǲЩܹʶôҲ÷ǳˣжܹô
ҲǱ𺳵ˣ˵ʮˣô񣬶ܱȵ۹ˡ
Ļ٣糾۹¼ҲôˣƻʹҲûô࣬ҪϷ糾۹ܺȡ
ҶЦҵȷǮѽһ̴ǻˣ׬ˡ
ͷ˵ǣϷûмôǮܹһǿĵ۹ˡ
ҶϾ͸˵˵⻰ңҪʲƸ׳ǵĵ۹ǵĵ۹ɴ½֮ǿ۹ǲܺĿ⡣
Ҷ֪κε۹ǿٲһ֣ǾǮûǮʲô¶ɣ۹ҪӴʽ֧ţֻҪǮʥ߼ǿ߶ܹ뵽ģȻҪľͲʲôˣǵǾ͸ʯͷûʲôҪֻҪ


ʮ 鵤
һļֵﵽһ񣬶һһڳܵõһĻܳΪһ۹ϵĸˡ
æ˵ЩƸģҪôö飬Ϸ϶һٸ֧֡
ҶæЦЩƸҲ峤һݣҲԼҵģһóһְ峤׳ԼңԼұɵ۹֮ǿļ壬ԺɲǷ糾۹Ǽ۹Ĵ۹
˷ֵ˵ллЩƸչ׳۹ðɣԼѾˣԺȻİš
峤ȻҵˣҽݲƸϣҲ׳ҵѽ㲻þܾԼǿˣҲҵǿˣǱһҶЦ
Ǹ˵ͷҶֵȥɣϵĻ滹񡣡
񼸸ֵʱԼҵ˶۾ǿ³ŵ˼˭ܼһһڳѽζûм
Ҷ׾ǰ棬ƿ˵ţȥһһƬȻŵĵطΪķâ
Ҳý뷿˾Ϊ֮һ̺Ҫһ򱶣ļ۸ߣҶ׿һƽʯ̨ʯ̨֮ϣһҶһ£гһö
һöһһڳĿеĿ࣬¾Ƿ糾۹ĹҲҪһûôԵ
Ҷ״ϲֵǮĺöˣǣǾͿ뵽ǿΪˡ
Ķ˵ˣֻͷһöôҲֻʮ񣬶һԼΪԻ͵ʱԼҽöˣȼֱˡ
񷿼ΧȴڷһЩǷУҶ֪治ߵҩæ˹ȥһһ鿴Щȫҵȼͣǻʽ׼ȻʽҲֻǻʽƷ𣬴ܹͻư벽ʥ߰ɡ
Ҷ׶ЩȼȤ˷ŷеǰ棬ĳУȿһѱȼԼ鱦࣬ҲǼƷˣѾȻҶڶǰǵֻһ˱ǹҶһ·ȥʮȼ˵óȥһ䶯Ҷ˵ûʲôֵˡ
һȽСķУԲװģΪֻ֬дСҶ׺֬Ȼ뵽֬У֪϶鵤ˣֻ֪ʲôȼ鵤
ҶСĵĴ򿪷Уŵһ˵˱Ƕŵ֮˶˺ܶ࣬ööҶϾ֪϶һŷǳĵҩ
óһһžӨ͸İɫĵҩСͨҩ࣬ΧŨԿǳĸ߼ˣҶ׵Ȼҩʲôȼ֪ʲôҪ̡
Ҷæ˵ʦ鵤ʲôȼ鵤ʲôЧ
΢΢ЦöҩҲһŲĵҩɣһöƷҩ൱ڰ벽ʥ߼ĵҩо񵤣ӵкǿеͻкܴİԼҲɱ¼ܸṩٵľֵ
Ҷһ⻰Լɱ¼κ鵤ǰԹԵУҶæųɱ¼һʾöҩԡ
񵤣Ʒҩ
ҩЧˡ
ֵһ
ֵʮ
ҶѾЩˣһö񵤾ͿԵõһľֵ൱ɱһ벽ʥˣҶҪľıô鷳ȥǿֲ߽ܻͻơ
öҩҪˡҶ׾͸߸˵ĽöУԼͻƵ벽ʥ߾ͻûʲôˣҶ׸˵ʱȴЦһž񵤾͸ˣ㿴棬Щ;񵤲ĵȼ㲻Ҫˡ
Ҷ滹УæһԹԣһŶСķУѵ涼ȼĵҩĻֻҪõЩҩԼʵͿͻˡ
ȻҩЧûкǿֻ߽õľֵߣرҶ׵ʵԽǿҩЧԽСҲҶΪʲôҪǿֵ߽ԭ򣬿ǾЧ룬ôĵҩܹõˡ
ҶæЩпȥǸֵҩǵĵȼЧǾ޼Ҷ˷ܲѣҲȥֺЧһԵˡ
Ҷ׸оԼе㸻̵ĸоˣǰôĲƸЩû̫ãЩҩȴǿʵıȻϲ
еĵҩ֮ٿˣе㲻˼Ͼô⣬ȴеĵҩˣҶæЦĵҩҵкܴİҾˣ˭ҪҪĻҲԵãһǵġ
Ҷ˵еԲѽҵȻóҶֻ˵óǴȴûҪȥõҩǴΪЩҩӦҶףΪֻЩ߼۵ҩ
æЦҶ˵ĻеĲƸģǶܺҪʲôǰͲҶʵǿǲŸĻҡ
ҶҲЦŵͷæȻЩҩҲܿǰɣȼǵ׵ģǻʽ׵ģǶȥɣǻкܶĺô
Ȼ֪ЩҶûʲôˣǶԼǾһѵõĲƸˣЩҪΪһǿջȡʵʵǿȡĵȼˣԽ߼Խǿ󣬼Խǿ
æ˵ϷʹԼҵӶлˣ˽ıȫսɡæҶ˵ҶЩô
ȻţΪҶҶ׾Ц峤ȽеĲƱ˻ԼղɣԺҪõʱóǡ
Ȼϣˣ˵æŵ˵ϽеĲƱ˻ԼҳǱһҲˡ
ԼҵĵϾæһǮˣĲƸһǳḶ́ԼһͶ˼رǳһѾüʮæһҹġ
Ҷײûڱ֮УǺ˷˲ƱͽŵˣɵĽĲƸԴԴϵ˵ԼҳǱв˶Ǽ֣һ۾Ź⣬Щɴ۾һһĲƱӱ֮˳˷ܵҪг


ʮһ ۹Χ
Ҷ׼ǿķһҹķսĲƸȫ˵ԼҳǱҲرأҶ׵ĵǷ糾۹ĴǰΪ糾۹Ǳҿƣ۹ӿ϶ҪΪЧ
ңǬǽ֮⣬ҵ֮ڵǬԼûǿӦǲðǰġ
Ҷ׾ȴŷ糾۹ĴҲȴԪĴʱһ£Ǿͻư벽ʥߡ
Ҷ׵õʮöƷҩȫ԰ͻƵ벽ʥߣҶҲ֪Ķָǿͻư벽ʥߵĻѶԸ
һϣҶԼķ䣬̷˼Ʒҩ񵤣ҪЩ˸ϵ֮ǰͻƣͻư벽ʥ߱Ҫѵö̷֮࣬Ҷ׵ϾǱһůϮȫ¶ڣ죬ֿеʱǹůȻ˲ķǳĿ񱩣ҴܣҶ׵ڳһҡ
Ҷ״һﻹŲǼٵİɣǾϿɣӦòǾֵҩĺҶ׸æȫֿĳǹļǿһֱﵽһȵ״̬Ҷ׵ڲһڷڳȫԸȫĵĵںϡ
Һ⼫ƷҩҩЧҲֲ˶ãʱ֮Ҷ׵ͽȵ˴룬ɴ֮Ҷ׵ȻһµԴĵ֮ͼֱţﵽͷͷ֮ϣһ֣һƬĹâ䣬ɱ¼ʾ״̬벽ʥСɡ
Ҷϲͻ˰벽ʥߣ벽ʥߵĹ׶ͻǷǳ޴ģҪȻ»֪Ҫȵʲôʱ
Ҷͻ֮Ͼ͸оԼȫǰˮƽǰȻҲǳĿ񱩺ǿ󣬿оԼڵıĺǰôĿˣֺȴȿ񱩸ӵĳ죬ӵǿ
Ҳ֪ڵʵܴﵽʲôˮƽҶ׸˵ʱæСӣϲͻˣȰ㻹ǼӹһԼʵ㲻ǻôĵҩ壬̷ŵҩҲûʲô⣬һʵõܴḶ́ڸոͻƵǷǳؼġ
Ҷһ⻰æлʦˣھǡ
ҶȻҪ̷ЩҩҲҴ⣬ոյľ黹ǸҪһһŵ̷һȥЩҩɱǰĵҩҪܶࡣ
Ҷ׷һżƷҩ֮ϾͿʼҩҪʱӣһҶ׸о˺ܶ࣬ΪѾͻ˰벽ʥߣʵѾԭȵˣҩȻҪ׺ܶˡ
оԼôǿҶ׵ξֱżƷҩһλѵʱҪһЩһʱҶ׻ǽȫˣʵһεõǿ
Ҷ׻Ҫ̷ʱȴ˵㻹ǵȵȰɣҪһһڳԣһѾĿŵҩˣܹѾܲף̫ǿȽǹһ°ɡ
ҶĻûٷõҩʼǹɺַǳǿĽȫԼĵ֮һҶ׾˷֮жȹ
ٴʱҶŸое˯⣬ͻƺ˻оһɺ̤ʵɣɾͻ˷ǳƣҶ׼˯֮ʱȻ洫һ֮
Ҷ֪϶Ƿʲôˣ˯ҲһӾʧˣ߳ţĳ¥ϡ
¥ŵ˸æ۹ľˣǽΧסˡ
Ҷ̧ͷ˿棬ȻһƬɽ˺мһɫĽɫףսǳƣսӵǰмƽ׵Ľ⼸쵼۹ǿߡ
ҶײûϾȥӦսȹ۲һЩӵʵЩʿʵǺǿǱ鵤𣬺ǻʾʿﵽǻʾϵĻǶӳ𣬶ǼλʵҲֻǰ벽ʥ߳ڣֻһλģﵽ˰벽ʥߴɣǼҲǺܸߣֻͻûжöѡ
ʵҶ׵ûзԼܲⳡսΪܶԷʵôһսض˫ãҶ׻Ž۹ԼİͼЩʿȻҲˡ
Ҷڹ۲֮УæϷ켸λȥӦսɣϷеյġ
ŵʵҲڰ벽ʥߴɼλҲǴﵽ˰벽ʥߣļλʵ൱ӦսĻȷ൱ЩʿҪ͸ˣصԼˣʵǿѹǸûκεʤ㡣
Ҷ׾Ͷ˵ǲҪҸǺúġ
żҶ˵Ҳ˵ʲôˣʱ漸λ֮еһλ벽ʥ߳Ҷ׽еţǵ۹ʼҾӣһǰΪԹصѾǵ۹棬Ƿǰ׽Լ׷ҶͯˣͶԸ
ҶĻȻǺƣȴҲôţû˵ʲôӵǣֻ˵˵۹棬Ҷ׸оЩҲһҪǹпű顣
Ҷ׼ǲ׺ݣҲţ糾۹ĹҵĹϵǱҵвɣŲѳǵȻ֪ҷ飬¡ԼɱˣЩ˻бضԭ
Ҷ׾Ͷ˵ˣǽȫ˳Ӧ⣬ڷ糾۹Ϊ۹նϣܹҸϳ糾۹ȰǲҪΪҪĻҲͲˣҲ֪¡³ɣʵ⼸λʵǱɱˣҪĻҲ
Ҷ׵ĻǱҪǾ·һ⼸λȻ֪رҶᵽ¡ǵɫһ䡣
ʵ⼸λõ֮ѾͿʼԹˣǷ׷ԹԼô̯һȥ޻صĲ£֪Ҷ׵ƾλʵҶ׵Ķ֣ȥҲѽ
ǹֲɲΪѽ⼸λҲβģѾʱܵ׼ֻҪܱǾǶɴñҲС
Ҷ׵Ļ⼸λҲЩҡˣսδ֪ҲҪԼʵС
мһ󽫾ߵλĸҦ츣֣û˵ȴѾǺˡ
Ҧ츣һλмıĸ൱ǺľʦԺ˵󽫾ҿһսûκεʤѽ


ʮ 
ҡҡͷֺγ֪ˣǹҲòѽ
ȴϾͲ˵ˣҲ̫ǵˣ֪ģҪôߵĻֽѽΪ֪ģԲŲ׾
æȵֲҪ˵˵ֵܣ˵û£Сˡ
ֱѵ֮ҲϽͣҦ츣ȴæҿȻ˵еƫǵȷûǷϣԼҵɱˣҲֵ̫ˣҿҪΪԼǿˡ
ȴæҵȻҲôܱסԼʵǺܶ࣬һǱѽ
Ҧ츣æ󽫾¿黹תҲֻҵ˿ǳˣڴù򲻹Ǿһˣҵ¡򲻹ǣƾʲôǾʹĹ
ǰһ˼Ǽսƭҡ
Ҧ츣ͷд⡣
Ǻæ˵취УȻ뷨Ƕֲ֪ѽһ˭ǲĴҪĻԼҺҶͯΪˡ
Ҧ츣ȴҿҶͯͷԼ򵥵ˣո˵ĻȰǳˣҲ̫սϾ˫ʧԸȥװȰǣʵϣǼϷǰȫȥ
ȵ˵Ҫȥǲ·һȥ˻ܻ
Ҧ츣ЦҲûеڶ·ˣһô֪вУֻнⳡϷݺˣǲתΣΪǷŹǣǲսˣҲ޷
˼ţҲ֪Ҧ츣İ취вУҦ츣æ󽫾Ѿûʱˣȥˡ
Ҧ츣ûеȺӦǰһˣ֪ЩѶϣĻ˭޷ȥˡ
Ҧ츣ǰ棬ͶҶ˵Լҵţд󽫾Ŀͣ󽫾ϣѪɺӵĲҾ磬ǰ̸УԼҸλҶͯҪ֣Ըֻǰ
ŵ˵Ȼ̸ˣϾ˵ԼҲ̸еģб¾͹ɣǡ
Ҧ츣˵ﻹǺżûмҶ׷ԣҦ츣ﻹеϣϣҶĻ֮
Ҷ֪ͯ츳ӦױĿԣֵ۹ң˫̸У϶ԴҶкô
Ҧ츣Ȼ˵Ļȴ˵ֿԵ˼ҶܹĻһӦġ
ȴ˵ҹʲôƨԣԼϾͽȫ𡣡
Ҧ츣żȥĻǿ϶޷ͨˣҺʱҶǿ˵ˣ˵ĻҦ츣Ҫġ
λӦ㣬̸Уǲ˺㡣
ŵ˶֪ʲô˼æҪͲʹթ
ҶЦһ벽ʥ߳ڣʲôͣӺܺãҶеշʦˡ
һϾ֪Ҷ׵˼ˣæȥҦ츣˷֣æǱھȥˣλҪ֡
˵Ҧ츣ͷ˳¥¥֮ϣֱӷɵҶ׵ǰŵϾͶγΧ֮ƣʵûа취ѡ
Ҷ׿Ҧ츣ʣ˫񣬶ܿǷǳΪ֮һǻ۵档
Ҷ׼ֻ֮΢΢Цʲô֣
Ҧ츣ȻҲҶʲôľٶˣΪ滹кܶĵ۹ʿţҦ츣ֻվҶ˵Ҷʵ̸еġ
Ҷ׹ЦҲ֪㲻̸еģΪǸûǮӦϣҷһİɣ
Ҧ츣ɫҲһ䣬Ȼ֪Ҷ׶˼˵ô׼ȷҲЩԾҦ츣æȻӢºʹ󽫾˶ϣսΪǶ֪һսûκεȡʤܣǹΪҵӣҪɱǰѾЩ˵ˣǼλҲΪľֻܹȫˣϣȫ
Ҷ׵ͷ˵ĺ뵽Ĳ࣬ҿԴӦǵҪ󡣡
Ҧ츣û뵽ҶôʹӦˣЦлȫˣֻҪһӹһ٣Ժºʹ󽫾һٺֵġ
ҶȴЦǿɲһǱϾǹˣԺҪʹģʱǲǵˡ
Ҧ츣ҲһҶ׾Ȼ˵ҪʹҦ츣Ҳû뵽Ұô󣬲Ҧ츣ȥĹİΣֻܲȫˡ
µʱԸʳҲԿҦ츣Ҳֻ˵ˡ
ҶæҡҡͷҲҪʳǣĴ󽫾ҲãҴӦǽȫˣҲҪӦһ顣
Ҧ츣æ˵ֻҪģǿ϶
ǺãҲҪʲôֻҪҹʹ֮ҪΪҵˣΪԺҪ糾۹ҪΪЧͣԸĻ糾۹Ľǵġ
ҶҲ£ЩʿҲҪѽҦ츣ȴϲ֣ҶսʤΪµĹĻΪβͶҶأ
һӦҴҲͬӦģҿԱ֤ҲΪǹˣֻҪʹǻԷӦϣܰʹ
Ҷ׹ЦãȻӦңҲӦ㣬ǲҪһϷ˿֪ҲǾˣֻǵĶǰɣ
Ҧ츣æǴ⡣
Ǻð죬һҵ˶СĵģǣԵƤ֮໹ҪģҪȻǵĹҲţǻȥҲΣˡ
ºʹ󽫾ʲôˣֻҪСҦ츣˷ܵ˵
Ǿ˵ˣȥɣһ˵û̸гɹĴ󽫾߻ġ
Ҧ츣æͶлҶף뿪¥뿪æȥ˵Ļһֻ뱣ŴӦô죿
ҶЦûоԵ飬ȴаյ黹ǺܶģҶǺģʹȨ֮ƣҲûʲôӰ죬ӻˣǲܾҸǵġ
ʱҦ츣Ҳɵ˺ߣһϾ˷ܵĵ˵̸ˣҶͯӦһǼװġ
Ҳû뵽Ҷ׻˵Ҧ츣ܻܲأæΪʲôʹӦˣûʲôҪ𣿡
Ҧ츣æȷҪ󡣡
ɫеѿˣΪҶ׵Ҫ϶ǷǳĹ֣æʲôҪ󣿡
ҲʲôҪˣҾ÷ǶҪʹģǵʱҪԾУǼ۹Ľ


ʮ Ԫݵ
Ҫ۹һҦ츣æ󽫾ҶͯҹΪʲôҹʹ϶ǻᷢ飬ҿͶ϶Ҫã粻ỹ뷴԰ɣ
æҡҡͷҲǸ˼ֻǳԾСеҶȡʹȻܹɹȻͶˣҲûеطȥˡ
ˣھװɡ
ǰŷֻ֮ǰϣܾҲܲӡ
ĵ۹ӷҶҲŵ˵ȥǻᡣ
ŸæϷȥսɡ
ҶЦֻȥӵģȥĻսܾĽˣ峤ۿɡ
ҲûǿҶ׷³¥Ҧ츣ҲæϣһҶ׷ĬսͷǳȤˣ˫Ҳ˭ȶֻ֣Ҫȴˡ
ȫΧҶףҪҶƴӣҶҲʵսһ㣬˶õıֱԲµĹҲǹɫȫǼٵġ
ҶҲʹԼʱûٻ˫ɱƬ֮ҶƵ˵СˣҪˡ
Ҷǣ׼˺䣬ȻȫҶ׵ĽٻûʹȫֻǸոٻûʩչХųϮ˳ʱæܣֱ𱻽мȲȲҪλ
ϮǲҪλҲܵˣ˶Ҳˣæһ¾ͷɳս˵۹֮С
֮󣬸æӱˣЩ۹ʿһǻʲôսϾͳȥˣҶײû׷ϣߵĵ۹ӣ˵һֶˡ
Ҷţ˺ܿͻͶģŵҲɵҶ׵ߣ֪ҶϷԶԵ۹ô쳷˲ûʲôԾæ˵ϲֻ˵۹
ҶЦֻһЩСɫѣҪԵĲɫ
æ˵ҵɣ
Ҷ׵ͷҺܿͻɸǰ֪һĸʵΣϣҪ̫߰ɡ
ҶҲ֪ʵºѵֵʵ̫ǿĶ֣Ҳֻȿ˵ɸǰҪĵҲ׵飬ΪԼҺԪҲʦڵɳǧǰûе·϶۹ľӵסˣЩ۹ĹôôӴľͨǵĵ۹˭֪ǻ᲻ὫԼĵ۹̲ˡ
ҶֻҪҵǿߣԼսܱܵĻǾͺΣˣҶ׵ȻôͻƵ벽ʥߡ
ոպͺ˽ȫϷҲ֪ԼڵʵжǿҪҵĸֽ֪֮
˷糾۹ľӣҶŵ۹ʱǲˣҪҲҪȵҵǿǲŸҼΧ
Ҷ׻ȥ֮ôϼӷԼ̷ҩʵڲ֪жǿ£ֻܾܵԼʵ
һҶٴ̷żƷ鵤ԼӵۺҲҪ̲ܱ֤ʵķӣڵ죬ԪĴ˷糾۹
糾۹ԪĴ޷߽ͲһԪ֮һֱҶ׵ĸۡ
Ҷ׵õϢ֮Ͼǰӭӣ뿪ڼʮ￪Ԫľ֮ʱҲǱˣҶǷеСϣtǰľӣȻȫͿͷҪ֪ܲtľﵽʮһֱŵ˼ʮ￪⡣
ҶҲ֪һԪ˶ˣæеԪǰԪʱ˷֣˽ӵ
ҶæԪ˵磬һ·ϻ˳ɣ糾۹ؾûжʲôӰ죿
ԪȴЦ͵ܶˣǷ糾۹ؾһŵˣһ·ңϾûʲôв
ҶҲǺܸ˻Ľæʵ磬˶ˣҿ֮ǰҪ˺ܶ࣬㲻ǽԪ۹е˰ɣԪ۹ǿճˡ
ԪæЦ͵ܲõģ͵֪ߵʱ䣬ľ㷭һѾﵽʮ֮ˣֻһı⻹һԪ۹һʱ֧ԮǣԪ۹͵ܲõġ
ҶҲǳһʮֲһۿͷʮԸ糾۹Ӧкܴİˡ
ҶæȵСܵĸۡϢι糾۹
ԪЦ˵㽫ռˣϢ͵ȲҪˣҲʶʶʲôӣǲǱҵԪҪݻ
Ҷ׸æʹԪʮǰƺƵĳȥΧİգǶĿֻӴľӣ֪һǻǸ
ȵԪŴΧ֮ڰӪկŰգٺ֮Ҷ׾ʹԪ棬ʱ͵֪ϢѾȺʱˡ
ʵҲȥӭԪֻûҶѽȻǸҶףֻڼȴ
˼ԪʱϾȥӭӣæϷԪ
Ҷæ磬λҸԼ棬һΰҹû
æЦˣһеĹͻģҪһ֮ɱǿߵĻԼʲô¹ռ
ԪҲǵͷЦҾ֪͵ʵˣҲû뵽Ȼܹһ㣬͵ܵʵ˺ܶѽ
һ˵Ц߽ҶԪı磬ɡ
Ԫȴҡͷ͵ܣϴ󣬴ôλãˡ
ҶæЦҴ磬ôأɣ涼Σ
Ԫͷͬ⣬ҶϾ߷ΣԪֱ
֮Ԫ͵͵ܣһδʮǰΪ˹糾۹֪͵ܴʲôʱ򷢶ʱԴ
Ҷ׵ͷСҾԽԽãǷ糾۹ڵǺǿиֲ࣬ҪȴҵҿʱᵽҪ֧Ԯ糾۹ͽ糾۹£·糾۹֮󣬾ǿǰҲûôֻҪܣǸûκεİ취
ҶҲѾˣ·糾۹еʿȫձ࣬ĻҵǿˣܺͼʮҲɳôɳһЩǿĻҶ׾Ͱȫˡ


ʮ ռ糾۹
ԪҲЦ͵뷨ܣǴͰ͵ܵİ취ȥţϾͶԷ糾۹
Ҷֵ磬Ǹոճ;ʿúϢһ죬ϵʱٶԷ糾۹Ļкܶĺô
Ǿ͵ܵģϾͶԷ糾۹͵Ȳ·糾۹ˡ
æϷԸԼеԪԼȻǺܶ࣬ʵԣһܰԪ
ԼҲм⼸ԪսҪǿϾԼĴ壬һʿͬ
Ҷ׾ЦԼҵǾ͸ˣһ·糾۹Ӧûʲô⡣
ֿʼʱͽĲԣϾͶΪǳ˽糾۹ĻʳǾ°ţڻʹкܶˣЩ˰Ӧϵá
˰ҹʱ֣һĴװһԪ죬Ҷ׺ں֧ԮڹԵأҶױҪԪģΪ˼רоһеġ
ܿ˻ʳ£Ҷ׿ǻʳѾӰҴңȻǶûϵôˡ
ͿԪĹˣԪܼ׾ȷЩܼ׾ɲһľӣǵȫװݶװˣкĿףһ޷͸ͷϸн˿֣޷ƣֳǹֶ֣ƽգЩʵǿﵽǻʾɼҲ٣ǧ
ľӢһȥϾԳЧЩʳǵżȴû˵һʿЩǵĻ׸ûκεвʳǵһҲˣϾͷ˻ʯ޴ĻʯЩǻʾɵĸϾͷɢһڻԾֱӷɵ˳ǽ档
ǧʿϾûʲôʧѾ˳ǽ·ھǿıˣǽߴɣһ˸ûа취ȥǻʾµʵûа취ﵽ߶ȣǰЩ˶ǻʾɣĸ߶Ⱦûκεսˣǵ˶ǽ·һǻʾ۷ϷѶţǧǻʾɸֳַǽϷȥ
ʿǵʵˣȻܷϳǽʱ򣬺ܶ˾Ѿ˳¥֮ϣѾɱܿǧȷ沿Ӷ˳¥չһƬɱ
Ϊ¥֮ѾҳһƬûκʱľӷԪϾ󲿶̷ʮϾͳȥһʱǽ֮źȫԪµź֮ǰĶϾͼݣʿ׷״ݵϳ¥¥ϸû취ֿѾǰȷ沿ɱǶףܶʿѾȥˡ
һʱʱ䣬м˳¥뵽˻ʳ֮սڴʱʳǴŵؾҲܣű򿪣ʣµļʮһѷľͳ˻ʳǣʳʧء
ȵҶ׵˽ʳ֮еĻʳؾѾ֮زز֪һθûа취ֵԪĹȥˣʮĴƺƵľǰʹ·ϸûκεĵֿҶ׶оʵ̫ˡ
Ҳ֪Ԫľ²һι˵ûеһǻʾȷӿ·Ļ̻֪Ҫá
ֹ˲ʱ˻ʹǰԪʹŰΧԼֱӳʹ
ֻǳԾǣǻʹȻûκεĵֻֿоʧȺЩ˶ߵĹŮˣһЩԱҾ죬ԪûжǶ֣ǽȫһѺ
ȵԪҶ׳뵽ʹĺĵطĴǰѾǿһˣֻԪ׽ùƬ̹򣬷糾۹ĹͱԪǰ
ԭ糾۹ĹŹʹʱͻ˵·ҪߣȴһλߵָϳΪƽʱǰٰ裬ץסᱨ
糾۹ĹҶ׺ԪǰѾȫûκεƣģԪֻǿ˿˵ȥպʡ
ߣʱ糾۹ĽǵǰҶһ۾ͿǺҦ츣ǺҶæ˵Ͷġ
Ԫ֪ô£æʵ͵ܣʶǣ
ҶЦҸǴһܣѾӦˡ
ԪͶԺ˵ʲôˣ
æʹĽλҵĸڸ¹ʹʱʹľеֿȺ͸µĴá
ԪҶˣֲûʹûԭǱѾȰˣϢҶæЦĺܺãһҲһԺǾ͸ҴԪɣǸӵǿǰ;
ԪҲǺˣ͵ͷǾɣԺһǺܶġ
˵ȻϲԽæлҶ׺ԪҾѾԪȥˡ
ȵеķ糾۹ձ֮󣬷糾۹ǱҶ׺Ԫռˣ쳣˳ôҶǳĸˣǶҵϾȫǿ䱸ֹҵǿǰ
ռʹʱҵǿҲѾոոϵ糾۹ֻǻһ糾۹ѾҶ׺Ԫռ졣
˴ǰ糾۹ԮĲϺ裬Ϻʵǿһλ£Ϻûлָؼıչ֮УɳԼĵ
֮⣬мʵҳϣǶǰ벽ʥ߼ɳһǧľӢһǧӵһɫǻʾ۷弶ֻʵ˵Ƿǳǿ
ΪϺǿˣʵѾﵽʥ߳ڣȻûϺﵽʥСɼ𣬿Ѿǳˣңʥ߼ĸҲûж٣ҪȻʥҲôˡ
ߵ⣬ʵǰ벽ʥߴɣʵҲǰ벽ʥߴɣһλͼϣʵﵽ˰벽ʥ۷弶ߵұۣҲһǰ糾۹ս
һ·ٸ·糾۹кü۹ǵٶȳԪоٶȺܶ࣬ˡ
˷糾۹ѾõϢ糾۹Ҷ׵ռˣԾ֮࣬ҲҪһ¶Բˣǲ˵ģΪһǰҪǴҶףǽ
ϺһֱΪ֮õļ̳ˣԶǷǳĹעץϺȻҪ־õξȳ
ҵӽ˷糾۹ͼҲ֪ϢϾԲߡ


ʮ ԩ·խ
ͼһλܸߵҳϣȻڳϼ¡࣬ΪͺܴҵλҲǺܸߣֻһҪʵ˵ΪߣʥߣҲҪ֡
ͼæ˵ϣ糾۹ѾСռˣǸô죿
æǼǰŪСӽʲôط취ȳȾȳپǲǲȡж
ͼͷϷĲ࣬û뵽ҶͯȻȻ糾۹֮ھˣϷЩо˼飬кͨ
ҲεϷҲ𾪣ǰЩʱҲûôˣСʥ߼ѣƷһ۹ӦҲǺѣõ鱨ѾǷ糾۹Ԫ۹һܹվ糾۹Ԫ۹ľӹģ糾۹ǸȻǵвˡ
˵ԼҲ˴æһҲҪԼҺùˡͼ˵
ȻǶҲˣҪԼһֱԣǰûд֣úھȻץѾһһҪԼҽʹ޷ҲҪúõĽѵǣ֪ҵ
Ҵ糾۹ǵҲܿͱҶװŵ·֣ǰ㱨Ҷס
Ҷ׵֪Ϣ֮ϾټԪԲߡ
ѾˣҪ׼ˡҶ׶λ˵
֪ʵΣæʵ
̽ӻ㱨߲Ϻ裬ҵƲ⣬ǵʵӦûϺǿҲϺߵĵɽʵ¡ҪҶƲ
ԪæЦ͵ܲҪģҲֻǧǻʾ۷壬ôûа취Ըļʮ
Ҷæ֪ͬҲ֪֮ûѡ뿪ǼǰضĴ㣬ǵĿӦþˣǱҪغãܱǾˡ
Ϸһ²ȻΪΪǲɱҲʡǵ֪֮δؾͻˡ˵
峤˵ǣĴ㣬ɱǾ͵ǳ׵ļŭϺ裬ȻҲ׷ŹǣضȫϮͿԽʣҪԸҲҪȿİΣõģϺ϶ҲôҶ˵
ĺѽϷûôϷԸ֤ķߡЦ
Ҷȴ峤ԳȻǺãĻǻһڰҵǲ̫һǧ˺Ǽʮսģֻǲȡ취͵ϮˣĻǷǳĲмʮˣҲûʲôôؼǿܷܲǡ
ԪҲǵͷʾͬҶ׵뷨Ԫæ͵ûʲôõİ취Ըҵ͵Ϯ
õİ취ǲ͵Ϯǣȥ͵ϮǣȫϷ磬ǵ뷨޷͵ϮǡҶ˵Լ뷨
Ԫǳһ͵Ϯңǿɲһ׵飬һĿɶһһĸ֣ȻûϺ裬Ҳʥ߼ǿߣһ͵ϮĻߵƾȫʧȥˡ
Ԫæ͵֪Լȥ͵Ϯˣһδ粻òԣ̫ΣˣһɳĶǸ֣㲻ȥðա
Ҳæ˵Ԫ˵ѽȥ˷ǳΣգϷҲģİ취ɡ
Ҷ׼˶ԼЦǲ֪ǰҪΣղ֪ٱҲûǷİɣаգ򲻹ܻܹܵõġԪǲͬ⣺У̫ΣˣҪʲô飬ô죿ɲ뿴Ҫû㣬綼֪Ǻá
ҶæԪļôͲҵĻأ˵ԻһģҲ׶СҺдδôöԼС
Ҷ֣˵ϷԸһȥҲиӦ
ҲҶףȥĻĲ̤ʵҶҲ֪һȥΣպܴʵҲﵽ˰벽ʥ۷弶ܴܰæҲûзԣҶ׵ͷǺã͸һȥһҲиӦ
Ԫ֪ԼʵҪʵĻҲҶһȥģԪæ͵ܣȥһҪСģκεΣϻҪûĻһ˧ǰΧҡ
ô˵ĻСĻزһɲѽҶæЦ
Ǵ粻ãףɹԪæĿڵ
֪ʲôʱϷҲ׼
ҵжٶȣܹǾǰǣǿҲֹܹǾȳˡҶ˵
ϷϾͺһһҪҴɾ֮񣬲ǰ
ҲȺǵϢûзأһǰǣҾͲţҼʮòǡԪҲ˵
Ҷ׺սʱͬ£ȫǰҪϵ
ͼʵչϣȻʵǲǼǧ˿»ԵֵԷʮɡ
ͷ˵ǣϷڿĵطӪկЩҵӲĹ֣ԷǼ
˵Ǽλȥ͵ϮѰ䣿ͼæʵ
ȻֻܽȳҿɲҶͯƣص֮ǾҹжǵʵǷҲκβǡ
ǳţΪʥߣ糾۹ûжֵģΪҶмʮֱӾɱȥˡ
ʱƾֳˣʹʥߣԼʮ㻹ôҲֻ޲ߡ
Ҷ鼱ٳȥȻڽ֮ʱѾʮ￪λãö͵ذӪկȴҹ١
ʱ֣ͼ벽ʥ뿪Ӫկǰһ·ȻǰУûоκεˣǷʮ·̣Ȼоǰһ˿ʱоϵȵСģ͵Ϯ
˵㣬һ벽ʥ⻹ǱУһֻͬʱһֻͼ
ͼǰ벽ʥ۷弶ĸ̷֣ʣһͽ̺ȵηë͵ϮϷϸҳ
ͿǰӰ䵽ǵǰӰҶ׺Ҷ׵һŴ󹭣ϻмֻ


ʮ ѡ
ŴԪԪҶһε͵ϮͽԼ͸Ҷףɲһ㣬ԪȻֻǻʾ۷ʵƾԻɱһ벽ʥߴɸ֣Ҷ׵ʵԶԶԪֻϤԷӲôãǿʵԳԪˣܻɱʲôļҶҲ֪
ڿɱһ벽ʥߴûκģոһһʹֻϤϤû˲
Ҷ׺ĳ֣ҲһɺϣҶ׺ҲǴʱȥ͵Ϯҵģû뵽ڰ·ϾȻҪ˭ĸ֪ǿ緢ֶԷˣһʹʥ߼Ҳû취Ҷˣ˵Ҷڵĸ֪ôһڣɱ˵ĸ֪ˣҲΪʲôҶ׿͵Ϯֵԭ
ֻΪҶǵһηûѡǿ֣ѡ֮һ֣ȻУһʱƶûа취ս
Ҷ׵ĳҲǴһǿǰһһ٣е㲻ʲôˣͲҶ׻͵ϮǣҶ׺֮صشһȵʲôˣҶҵ˶֣
ҶЦҿӻ˰ɣҶ֪˭ǽҪȥץ˭Ҿ˭ˡ
ҶֱŻ˴һǸҶͯӦþ
Ҷ׵ͷҾҶͯû뵽ɣʵҲû뵽ҾȻڰ·ǣһΪҪǵӪկ֣ȻˣҲ߼·ˡ
֪Ҷ֮ٴΧ̽һȵķ֣ΧȻûд٣Ҫ˵ˣһӰûп
ѵģɫһϲϾ˵͵Ϯңǲ˼飬ĵҲ湻ѽ
ӲôܺôԣҪǵСĻˣҲߵ죬ǼӦϺߵɽɣҲ뿴Ϻ֮ûáҶЦ
ͼȷΧû֮ϾͶ˵ϣΧûˣСˣֽס·ȥ
ʵҲôģЦСӣȻˣϷѽ治ףɵȻܻ죬ѵͲɱ㣬㻹͵Ϯҡ
ɱ˭ڻ֪֪ɱҶɱ㣬ǼȻʵҲûгҵԤϣһʥߣһ벽ʥ۷壬벽ʥߴɣһˣҲûʲôˣҪɱһǶҵĶˡ
Ҷ׺ŵӣȴҲûжٵİգΪԷһλʥ߼ĸ֣ҶȻͻ˰벽ʥߣʵ˺ܴ󣬿ûкʥ߼ĸ˭֪ܲսʤ֡
ҪĻһЩţΪ˵ڵʵʥ߼Ķһսʤԣ˵ǲġ
ŵҶף˲òֻǿҶȫսǼˣǲʲô
Сӣϻ˵սǣ˵е㱾£ǾͺúõĽϷҪ㵽мＸ˵
ҶҲǵͷǺãһһϻһϣһϵĻҲûǰս
ߺߣСӻҪһҵȸ㶷һҪжϣúõʰǡ
ûԼ֣Լ¶֣ͼǰ벽ʥ۷壬ȻˣǻǿһսͬҲǰ벽ʥ۷壬ԷҶױʵǸոͻư벽ʥߣȻΪʵ鱨ܻɱ¡ʵ϶Ǵﵽ˰벽ʥ۷壬ͼӦÿԶԸҲǰ벽ʥ۷壬λ벽ʥߴɣӦҲܼ֣˵λʥں棬ʹʲô⣬Ͼͻ֧Ԯ
ֻ̽Ҷ׺ʵرҶף̫֮ǿˣڿôǿʵҲ֪ǲǿ
ͼϾ͵׼սⱻ֮Ϸõҩסƣһʱûд󰭣Ҫ֣Ҷ׾Ͷߵ˵峤ԸǸ˵ļһɣͽҺˡ
ȻˣֵģҡͷǸʵߵĻǸϷɣȥԸ
ҲûܣʵͼӦòֻ࣬ȥԸͼһˣҶҲãҪԸˣȥԼʱ׼ֵĹ
Ǿͷ峤ˣҪʲôΣյĻһġҶЦ
ߣϷʲôҲǺţǴҶ׻ɱ¡֮ͶҶޱȵţοҶͻ˰벽ʥߣʵǲˡ
λһɱһͼűͳȥҲȥˣ֮ͼõǱõǱõǳǹ
ͼֱӶԸҶף֪ҶײصҲҪֻҪǾǳɹˣ˾ͶԸ
ͼһʹԼĵһǰ֮гһ˸оһĿ־壬⻹һϢôļôѸ٣ȫҪɱһеơ
ǻʽ׼ɱ޴߲㣬һһСɽ壬ԲǴ󻰣ԳԽǧףΧﵽʮɣһСɽû⡣
ҶҲо׵ܲǶڵǻǲЩҲһǰûа취ֿڣʵֿǿԷǳŵĻܶ֡
ҶҲʹԼһͼˣǿ˵ı˵˵ıҶˣǻЩţۿ˵Ƕסˡ
ͼĹ˲ǰҶֱӾֿûʩչԼʵͼԿͼĹѾͺջأԼĹ˵ıʲô𺦣ˣʵӼҲ˵
Ͼͷֳ˸ߵͣͼıȻ׺ޱȣҲǳǿ󣬿˸ǿȫûãֱӽǵնϣͬʱͼ
ıͼæرսγһƬӰĹâҶȴûκεľ£ֱӴǵâ֮УϾͽǵâȫնƣǿƵıͼķûκεãŵĸæˣͬʱǿɱУ


ʮ սʥ
ͼĵȻ֮Уǰ֮еĿȻ˹תΧ֮еͼĵӰ۹һǿһ㣬ҶҲоһε϶һθǿҲҴ⣬˷
ڰ֮еһǿ۵֮ϵʱͼϾͳҶ׺ݺݵһһʵͼֻţĿյ׵ֻܹ֮Χ֮ڵѣһȼϡ
һâճһֱɱҶףҶ׸оľʩչˣʹֻʩչһնΪԶԸ֡
նһâʱ󶯣ͬһǿĽͼĵӰâۣǽֱӴ͸˶ԷĹâնΣǿǺǿĵӰҶսܡ
ʵҲͼĵҪҪƴҲûа취ֵĲҶףǾˣҶûͻ֮ǰͿԻɱ¡ͼ벽ʥߵ֣ͻ˰벽ʥߣһ¡Ķ֣Ҫ
ֻĽͼ֣û뵽ԼǿһҶ׵Ĺ֮˲һҪΪҶ׵ĽֱӳϮͼæų˼ƣЩƸͲһۿŽҪ壬ȻԱͬһŽƫֻǴͼļҪһͼ˵ľͲǼˡ
Ҷ׻ͷ˿ǳ֮ˣȻֻܹ־ͼҲֻˣȻǳ־ͼȴҲǷǳ𾪣Ҷ׺ûʹʵͽͼܣȫԤϣΪͼ㲻Ҷ׵Ķ֣ƾҲܼ֣Լ֪Ҷʵ
Ҷ׼֣û׷ɱͼ˿Աߵλ벽ʥߴɸֽ˫ҲѾչ˿񹥣վϷˣԷֻл֮ûа취Ҳѹ֣ǱͱˣҲĶ֣οһˡ
ʱͶͼ˵ȥæǣСӾҺˡ
ͼޱȵĸˣѾ֪ԼҶ׵Ķ֣ողͱҶױˣȻǲҺҶ׽ˣȥֶԸǷǳĵġ
ߵҶ׵ǰҲûмŶ֣΢΢ͷȻЩڼ֮ھͽͼܣˣոһУ²һɣȼϷ򶼿Ӧһ׸߽֪ʲôȼ
Ҳܺ棬ʹһˣѾһˣûмʶ߼ܵĻΪţʵ϶кܴҪ֪Ҷֻͻư벽ʥߣȻԻͼʥߣ߳󼶱֮ʵҪˡ
ջô᲻ģ֪Ϣֻ֪ҶδػҶЦôҲҵȤǲѽҪǽһʦĻҿԿǿǡ
ҶЦˣϽҲᴫķ˵ҵһϣôܽҶСһʦ˵ȥҪЦ
˽¾үүԸѽ
֪ҶȡЦԼɫζѿˣȵСӣϷĸ˵ǿһ˲ŵϣ˾޴ʧһϷҲŹ㣬ܽԼҲϷʹ㣬Ļһ
вİ취Ҷ׽ȻҲ֪ƾ仰ûа취ҪЮҶ׵ģҪ汾£Ҳ˳ֵ׼
ҶȴǲŲæϼһǰҵĻ˵˰ɣӦҶ˵ĻҪʲôıͽҲʹ㡣
һ㶣Ͼ͹ЦСӣȷǺܿѽֻֻʹ࣬Ϸ֪ʲôʵ
ûסȭͷҪ˫ֺҶ׽Լʥ߼ĸ֣ԸǰСӵĻҲ̫˷˵㡣
Ҷ׼ûʹͽԼıҲ˵ȻôҲҾͺȱȭưɡ
ǱҶ׵ŪЩˣЦСǲ֪Ϸȭͷ֮£ʥҲԵֵһССİ벽ʥ߻һȭص£֪ҵˡ
ϻ˵ֲϻģб¾ʹɡҶȴϾͶȵ
಻סˣȭͷֱӺһȭҶ׵壬һȭһֻ޴ȭͷͳҶ׵ǰֻȭͷһ˶ߣˣγһĳ޴Ҷ׵壬ȫҪѹĸо
ʥ߼ʵȻͰ벽ʥ߲һȼϵģܹѹһе𾪣ҶҲоһɺǿѹûлҲûʹԼı˫ӭУһֱͨԷ
ͨѾҶ˵أȻֻǵأʵﵽ˰벽ʥߣͨƵȻ˼ҲֹһɫγɵӰ˾޴ȭͷ֮ǰڴʱҶ׵ӰҲѸٵıԺһ˸ߵȭӰͬĴС˫ȭֱӲӲֻһ޴ĺ죬ȭϾͱһɸǿĳΧȥ
ľ֣ڼս֮УѾ·磬Ϊͼʵ޼ټ벽ʥߴɣȻǲж֡
£һǿĳǰΪҵǱɳţҶ׺ڱƴ֮ʱ˶ܵ׼ȻϣϮæߣҸûз֮±ǿĳķ˳ȥһֱʮ׿⣬ŵڵء
һεĳɲᣬΪҶ׺ʵﵽʥ߼Ǽһγɵĳ϶Ǿ޴ģȻҲѾ˴룬⼸ֻԵ̶ֵͬˡ
˶ȻõϢˣǴƣܺƽƽ˰ɣŴϾͳɱȥɲõĻᣬ˻ûдӳ֮عҪ׷ɱֻƴĵֿĹҺˣ֮»ܹסϮ
Ҷ׺߾еƽˣΪ˶ûϷڶιǱҶ׵ıסˣԼһжǿ˭ǾȻҶ׸סˣѵҶ׵ʵԼ൱ˣôܣû˵ܹԽһĵȼսҪ˵ܹԽһСȼǿܵģ벽ʥߴɺͰ벽ʥ۷弶츳֮˼ϸ߼ȷһ벽ʥߺһʥ֮ҪƴǼǲܵ顣


ʮ 챦ϼ
ǰСӾȻֻǸոͻư벽ʥߣ޷ˣֱΪǰҶһͲ顣
СӣȻܵסҵȭͷ㵽ʲô磬һʵʲôˣ˵ǱŵĺĺʵֱǿЦ϶ʲôĵӰɣĴӣû˵ɣڴ½ʵ˴½ϵļ廹˭ܹ
ҲΪҶǴĵӣҲǣĸĵҶ׼˵ЦӵܻҪʰ𣿻ʲô¾ʹɣҿҪˡ
ãȻԼϣҲÿˣɱҲû£ɱ¡ϷҲⱦԸ㣬ȳһɡ
֪Ҷ׵ʵԶԼļ֣Ҳʲô⣬û¾ͽҶס
ʹԼıҶ׵ȻҲʹԼˣ˫һ֪һʹԼķƽ
ƯơķƽһаƯʹ˳ͼΧγһͬһƮݣɱо֮ڣҶæųֱϮǰƽ
ҲͷҶ׵Ľǿһ֪ȻǰһƶʱͱһǽеĽ涼ָҶףֱӾͳ嵽˽ǽ֮ϡ
һͷţѹһֵĽûа취ͻǵǽʥߵʵȻСҶ׸æǿĽһ𱬷屩ǽǽγȫѹ
߳ĵֿŽĳͬǷӳ˷ƽǿǵǽʮɣ䳤ĽǽȻͳΧǽһӾγһ޴İҪס
Ҫ˭ѶԷĹˣǽİ޴ѾԽγҵİҶײûд룬ֱӳ˽Ũش崳ˣǽ˾޴ĲͲ˫ڰ֮սȴӰ쵽ǧ֮⣬˵սҲòֹͣٴα
һս֮£˫ﵽʵĸ߷弶һ뽫Ҷ׵Ľڽ֮ڣҶ׵ĽһͻƽΧڿоͬƺ֮Ρ
Ҷ׵ʵûȫͷţֻȿʵΣʱù£Щ꣬ϾͽǷƽǿֱӻγһ⣬һγɵļνǽס
γûа취һɿˣʹԼľзƽסʥ߼ǿߣԸҶһ벽ʥ߳ڵСӣȻǸоеСˣҪһУ治֪סҶ׵Ĺ
ΪԼѾսʤҶףֻҪһͻҶ׵ʱҶ׺Ȼһơһ֮£һ֣ǽٴͼʱͽȫŴˣҲǴһæҪǿǽʵ̫ǿˣǽȻһ֮Ȼ̮֮зɳֱ˶
һ֪һν£æƴ룬ͬʱųһһͬװıɳڰ֮Ͼͱһ޴룬ֱӳ
ֻмʮɵֱǽҲܹסֻͨǰɫ棬һɫķӡֻ֣ǿĵطǵӡܹҪס˻ס޷
һϼǽֱ֮˽ϣҶ׶ʱ͸оʧȥʶһӾͱЩһ㣬ȻҲ½ˣǿҲ޷סģϾͱ˸ǿֱӴǽҫ֮ѣһ˦βͳǽɨȥ
һɨǽϾͱɨ˳ȥҶ׷ֽϾʹԶٴηأһεķ˹һԸĲǽҶԼ
Ҷֻ֪ǿûа취ôԼºѶ㿪ˣҶҲæ룬ǽ̫Ҷ׸ûа취ʱӳȥӳȥʮɵʱ򣬽ǵϼס壬Ҷ׶ʱ͸оһľ˶ڴ״̬Ͼ䵽ͷ档
ҶױȻʧΪҶѾû취ʩչˣҲҸֵķɻ䵽ԱߣһһƣǽԶС
ЦСӣбҲû취ӳҵĽϼ֮Уھ͹ԹԵڽϼĿռ֮кúôŰɣҾȳٽߣ㡣
ԶҶױ֪ʲôסˣżƴҪ˶ԷȳҶףżķӺӰ죬벽ʥ߸ϾȫΧһСľͱͼһţɳս
ϾٴΧսˣܿԵֵ˸Χͼ¡
ʱҶȴһµĿռ䣬֪ǽڲռ䣬Ҳ֪ԼǱ棬ҶҲżʲôȻı½ס
Ҷҿ˿Χտգûκε壬ռ䶼޵ģûа취ҵʲô·ҶһϾ뵽Ҳֻˡ
ʦ⵽ʲôȻܹ档Ҷ׸æʵ
ǺЦһķнϼ룬ȼ챦Ʒ࣬ǵ;죬Ҫǹϼסֵģһ£ϼܽʥ߼ĸסһֱûκεΪֹ
ҶһҪԼùˣҪҶ׸æ˵ʦȻ֪ôô˵ұסˣ¿ɺãұ棬ҲӲˣʱ͵ɡ
ȴΪȻСӻʦˣʦʲôʱԹѽһҲһԿġ
Ҷһ⻰оʦʲôð취ˣæʦ⻰ʲô˼˵׵ɡ
Ц֮棬Ϊ˽ϼĹ죬̧ͷ
Ҷ̧ͷһͿϷһǳƯͼһӡ״ͬһ仨꣬ڰ֮⣬ܹΧһС
Ҷæʦʲôѽ
ǾֻϼҪĲ֣֮ԱסΪĹâס㣬ռ޷ѣ㲻ܽӡֵסǽ⿪Ļ޷ѡ˵


ʮ ƽӡ
ҶһеĹؼӡˣҪ⿪̸ס
ʦֱ˵ôѰɣҶʵ
С˵Ҳʦ̫С˰ɣҪΪѣʦôУʦҪⱦǴͽ˵
ҶһϲЦʦ˵ͽҪ֪Ļ͹ԹԵĽˣĻսѽıͽǶѽ
ڻ˵ˣոջΪʦأˣΪʦƽϣΪʦ˵ν⿪ӡ
Ҷ׸æϴ˵Ҫ⿪ӡҪӡ֮ΪؼĻŴ򿪣ŵĻסϼһֱסҪ⿪ӡĻţҪȷɵӡ֮Уӡڲھȥɡ
ҶȴӡڲһŪõĻ鷳ˣ㲻궼ˣҶæʦӡǿҽл᲻Σգ
ǺǣˣΪʦڣӡ˲㣬󵨵Ľаɡ
õĿ϶ҶҲĴ󵨵һͷӡ֮ڣһУϾͷԼǽһ磬Χκ嶼ƶЩ嶼һЩţʶķţӦЩصķţʶҲпԭϾһеġ
˵ץסֱߵƶķġҶ׸æұһһصķǰƯæһץ𣬿Ƿȴ֪һ㿪ˣҶ׷ǳĳԾæٴȥץһα㿪еûа취ʱ˵ˡ
õѣҶϾʩչһǵģ֮£ǵĹȻûжˣҶ׺˳ץġ
ʦץˣô죿Ҷʵ
ץסֱߵڶӡ˵
Ҷ׸æͬһ취Ҳץס˵ڶģָ֮£һץס˰˸ģʱ˵㽫ֻİǰ˳пͻγһµķӡӡǴϼԿףӡγɣϼ򿪣ֻͻʧȥͿԳûֻϵȥȻˡ
õʦĽ̻壬ҶϾͰķԸֻķһǹȻγһâһµķӡͬʱߺȻͻȻʣոջ޵ĿռϾͿıԵǵıԵ
ҶϲԽǲֻ֪룬ҶֻʵʦҸô죿
ͿϵˣΪʦɣϾһʥߣҪϵĻеΣաҲҶ׵İΣϾǸոͻư벽ʥߣȻʵѾﵽʥ߼𣬿ͺ˵ˡ
Ҷ׾͵շֻ룬ûγһ͸꣬ǽϷһϾֹȥһĽȫˣֱȫ֮󣬽һ˿Ѿȥ
ϾٴδҶ׵֮гһ˿뵽˽֮УȻԼٴνҶ׵˵ѾշˣֻҪͿСӶˣھ԰ɡ
ҶҲͬʱоԼͽ֮һַǳϤϵˣǷ֮һϵæȻǽһӾͱСˣԽԽСֱԭĴСͷҶֻ֣䵽С
ҶϲЦտʱȴǾһβ˼飬ĿԼĽϼԼʧȥϵϾֱСˣ䵽Ҷ׵֪ô£ԼķѾǶֵˡ
СӣҵķĽţͳҶҶҪϼУȴ˵ڽϼѾˣ㲻һ𣿾ʵɡ
ҶһҲǣıó̫ϧˣԼѾܹƽϼˣҶ׾ͽϼ볯һţһϼͳȥ֪Ҷ׾ȻѾܹƽϼˣܣǽϼĽϼѾ䵽壬ʱ͸оһͣҶһϼ档
Ҷ׼ϼѾסϾͽ˻ЩģԼܽ⿪Ƿӡ᲻Ҳ⿪
Ҷæʵʦ᲻Ҳܽ⿪ӡ
ȴЦΪ˭ܽ⿪ӡ𣿸㣬ϼҲܽǽϼӡ⿪ǵǿƵķӡϷʶϼӡĻϷûа취⿪һʥ߳ڣû½⿪ͷĵĽ棬ʲôʱҪųֻҪǽϼӡʵ˾ˡ
ҶʦĻǸѽԼֻԼܹѽ˾ȥˣԼҲûʲôвԼջȴû£ĺô
ʱҶֿǱ߼ˣʱͼץסǵǿѾҶ׸ǽϼ룬ɵˣ룬ǻʲô취ѡ
ͼҲһۣϾͿסҶ׽еСӿϴ󣬷ĻϾɱ
ҶײŲæߵǵǰǽϼ뻹ǿ⼸͸ˣһȥ
Ǽ볢ʲôζҿԳȫǣڿԽȥˡҶ׶˵
⼸ŵöеľģǿɲ뱻ϼ棬ͼæеСѵٶһҾɱ
ҶŽǽϼЦԸǻҪⱦԼˣҸһᣬھͷҿһǲҵģ³ʲôԼ֪
ͼ˻࿴˿֪Ҷ׵ʵֱץǿ˵ûлˣΨһĻˣͼϾ˵ҪҷĻ뿪𣿡
ҶЦʲôʱ˵ٻȻҺǸոʶǻ˽ңҵ˱ܸˣԲɱˣǿԻ뿪Ҳûʲôּۻ۵ģûǳҸ˵ʱˣĻ˭ܲ
ͼ˻࿴ŶԷ˵ǻͷͼȻҶ׺˹ȥͬʱ˷ֳͬķȥˡ
Ҷײûȥ׷ǣǽס֮ҲָʵոܣʵҲѹƣֻǵİڲԼָʵ֮ϾҪȥ׷Ҷæס
峤ȥ׷ˣʵѾûʲôΣˣ˵ǻȥźˣҲҵӸ̫ƽˡ


ʮ ۹ϲ
Ҷ׸ողҲҪǲ˵ֻҪǷˣҶײں벽ʥߣǾͷˣʵѾῼˡ
æ˵һģû뵽ˣǼһˡ
ҶЦ峤ˣߵֵסˣҲΪȡʱԸǿλˡ
˵Ц㽫֮Уѵ뵽ʲôѽô档
ҶǸ⣬æЦһ챦Ʒסʥ߼ĸ֣סȻҲûʲô⣬ԺһסǿߣǻȻȥɣһ֮ҿҪɳԸˡ
ͷ˺ܿͷߣͼͬǾ֮Ͼʹǧ̷أҶ׻ں׷ûʥߣǸͲҶ׵Ķ֣Ҫ˵ȳˣԼˡ
Ҷ׷ʱԪڽĵȴţҶ׷أԪϲԽæܳӭӣµĴҶףˡ
㿴ʲôأҲǺö˶˵Ļ𣿡Ҷ΢΢Ц
ǵûˣûʲôɣһһж˳ǲǣԪҶûпҶˣŷˡ
粻õģѾҵ˻ˣ˳㻹ץһҶЦ
Ԫһ⻰ҲǷǳĸˣϾͳȥ뿴˭ץˡ
ҶһЦץ˻ķ֮أܹ
Ԫæʵ͵ֵõʲôˣó糤ʶɡ
ҶҲûƴǣͽǽϼ˳ԪôϸĿţȻ֪϶һ߽׷Ҳʶʲô
͵ʲôһֻѽԪæ
ҶæЦһֻ룬һֻͨ룬һֻϼ룬סʥ߼ǿߣ˵
ԪҲǱһסʥ߼ķɴ۾˵ôõģ
ҶЦЦҵ͹ģıǴģһҲˣҲû뵽һϾȻı
Ԫ͸ǳԾȻֻסʥ߼ĸ֣ôģôܿģ
ҶױԪʵˣϾЦǰѧ෨ļɣԾܹӶԷҪȻΪôӵ𣿡
ԪȻе㻳Ҷ׵˵벻ĽͣԪͷ͵ѽȻıշԺҪúõĸѧѧշıˣԺҲԴӶˡ
ҶֻǺЦԺ˵ҵǿߣҲԺúõϢϢˣ糾۹Ҳúúһ£ЩͽæˣСˣ۹ϲ֮󣬽۹ľҲϲһγһֻǿԸӣȻ׼һֶ֡
Ԫæʵ͵˵һ˭
Ҷ׾ЦȻˣ˭˭ǵһˡ
ԪϾ˵ľǬ۹ˣ͵ܵ۹𣿡
˵ǣǬͺǷ糾۹ֻ˭֣ȽҲ֮۹ͿԺϲһγһǿĵ۹ˣʱǵӵǿ󣬾иսˣǻҪҵǿǰһǻϺڼҲסˣǰԸǣǿߣǻҪСһźá
Ҷ׵ĻҲԪЩģԪæϺʵѾﵽʥ򾳺ܸߵļˣǺѶԸҿ֮ǾͲ֮ڣмʮıҲκβǡ
ҶЦǺܲиϰߣǶжôǿֻҪңһҪӳȥģϺˣҲᣬ򲻹ĻҲû£ܾˡ
Ҷսʤ֮ԼʵǳģȻ֪ԼʵϺĶ֣ǺһսĻеģԵҲûʲô֪Լܷӵʲô̶ȡ
зҶǷǳķ򲻹Ϸ˭˭Ӯ治˵رõϼ룬ܲסϺ衣
Ҷ׻֮󣬼ԼԪʼ۹糾۹Ԫ۹İͼϲγһǿĵ۹ȡΪ۹۹ָȡһֶ
Ҷ׵֪֮ҲǷǳ⣬۹Ԫ֮£ܿץһµǵĲƸȫҲӣԼ۹֮ʼ׳󣬳Ϊļ壬ԼҵӶҶ׸ǳݣǱϣܹΪҶµһ˲š
ͼ˷ϺĸۡѾ֮ˣһ·ҵ飬ææĻصĵ۹Ϻ֮УͼֻõȴزŸҽϢϺ衣
Ҷ˺ܳʱҲµ۹㹻ʱǿԼķʱһξǰ¹ȥˣҲûɳǰҶµʱҲǼԼʵУõľֵﵽ֮࣬ҪͻƵʥ߼ľֵԶҪͻƵʥ߼ҶҪľֵߴһǧ˰֮ࡣ
Ҳ˵λʥ߲ͻƵʥ߼ҲΪԽǵ߼ҶҪľֵԽߣʵǿʹһǿĶ֣ӦľֵҲǰˡ
Ҷ׺ģܹĶ֣ʱȻûսʵ٣Ŭ֮⣬۹֮еõĵҩкܴİԪͽ۹ı֮߼ĵҩ͵Ҷ׵ǰҶΪʵȻ߲ܣָ֮£֮ڷ˼ʮżƷҩʵ𵽺ܴãǰµʱ䣬͵ʱǲͬˣʵǿˡ
ͬʱ۹ĵ۹ǹľսģЩ۹֪˷糾۹Ԫ۹飬ǵԼĵ۹ҲҶ̲һǼǿҶǰ
Щ۹֮µһ۹Ǿ۹۹Ĺ֪ҶǺԵģ۹ļ壬ҵǬ۹ȻҶ׻ַ
ģҲȲǬĵģǬԴ˵ԼĸҶץס֮Ѿ˯žԲ·ˣŸϺӪҶףԼΣҲͽˣû뵽Ϣĸ־ȻҶ׻ˣǸͷһˣ׵ĸֶˣ˻Ҷ׵Ķ


ʮһ ƴ
ǬϾǰȣ˶˵ڱչ˭ҴΪǶ֪Ϻˣչ֮ɻľǱţû˸ȥð
ǬҲֻԼԼķϾ۹ĹǿķеľӶ˶ԸҶ׵棬ԼҵҲͱٻȫ׼ѾҶ׵һˮˣҶڼǰΪһͲֵһСӶѡ
ǬȫʱҶȴûϷǼȴţԪеľӶ֮Ѿﵽ֮ˣӵǧǻʾ۷֣ʮİ벽ʥǿߣʵ˵ǿ󣬹۹ȫǴݿĹ̡
ֻҶײûмŹΪ֪ԼԸĲǬϺ裬ҪץסڵʱúõʵжϣϺ֮ûгܻܿΪһεˣҶ׸ģֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ǿĶҲ¡
ֹȥ˰µʱ䣬Ҷһµʱÿ϶ǲԲȣڵʵԿŵҩȥһµʱȻ̷˳ʮŵļƷ鵤ÿһ춼ҪżƷҩǷǰҪ嶼ҪԿˣʵﵽ˰벽ʥ߼𣬼Ʒҩ˵ѾǷǳͨĵҩˣǳԶһԴķá
ʮżƷҩʵﵽ˰벽ʥ߳۷弶ÿһżƷҩṩľֵаʮң൱һǻʾ۷ṩľֵʮżһҲṩֵԽ棬Ʒҩܹṩľֵ½ˣӿʼǰʮļٵʮΪõҩ̫࣬ЧͻСˡ
Ҳﵽ˽ŰľֵˣȻһǧ˰һľ룬ҺľֵõΪѣΪǵҩṩľֵԽԽ٣Ҳͬˡ
ҶƴԼʵֻһĿģǾҪϺսһϺ֮϶ҪǰԸԼʱܲܺһսҪԼˡ
ȻҶͻͽǱϾʱ䲻ͻư벽ʥҲֻһµʱ䣬Ѵﵽһĸ߶ȣ̷Ĵҩڵǳĸ꣬ҪܳʱĹ̲С
Ҷ̷˰ʮŵҩ֮û̷ҩˣΪѾﵽһܹܵļˣ̷Ļ¾ɱ¼ķԼԼҲѳԵˡ
˭Ҳû뵽Ϻµʱ䣬֮ѾˣϺ֮ôʱ䣬ҪΪ˲ᣬҪ׵޸Ҫôʱ䣬о˷ǳķģȥԸҶףܹҶ׽ûϺѡ˱չκ˴Լ
֮ʶԼ̫ˣȻһصĴ͹Ҷ׵ʵ
ϺԼҳһ¾ҪҵѯҶ׵飬Ϻ֮գճأȴûһ֪ΪϺԼ֪ʲôʱܹȫָ
Ϻ֮󣬾µˣЩϲǰϲı飬һֵĺǵɫϺ迴ЩɫҲое㲻ԾϾͶߵ˵ȥҡ
ϺΪӦͻˣֻΪԼûгأԲûмĻȴûҲûжվţϺеŭˣͺȵҽȥϣѵû𣿡
ҺϺߵˣĻҪϺæ˵ϢŭСĲȥУûл
Ϻһ⻰͵ȥˣǲǳȥʲôˣ
Ϻ軹ΪȥȥˣϺչ֮󣬾ƹȫˣȴͰ͵˵ˣϲȥʲôˣǴȥ˷糾۹ûлˡ
Ϻʱ͸оæʵôûлѵǻûоȳ𣿡
æ˵Ҳе˶ûϣ˶ˡ
ϺŸоûʲô飬ʵôûлûоȳ
ֻʵˣǱҶͯץסˣûлҲûбȳ
ĻϺ赱ʱסˣŻعе˵һ顣
ŵøæ͹ڵ˵ϢŭС˵ʵСͼ˵ģϺҶͯսҶͯץסͼϵֻóأҲûоȳ
ϺһӾϣֱǲģԼĵ£ʵǿѾһλʥ߼ĸ֣ȻûлҶСӣһץסˣôܣСѵи
ϺϾ뵽һ㣬Ҷ׸ͲܻʶҶ׵ʵǸʱҶ벽ʥ߶ǣôܻһʥ߼ǿߡ
ϺϾͽеȥͼ˽ϵ
Ҵææľȥˣܿͼ˾Ϻķ䣬ͼϺǰϾ͹ڵأҲѽӱ
ϲ˳أСѾȺµʱˡͼæ˵
ͼ·Ͼ֪Ϻ˵飬˭ᣬ˶ŵûϺһŭ֮¾ɱǡ
ϺǺûжԼ˳֣ϺȵͼҶ꣬Ҳ֪ҵƢ콫ǰĹ̸ϸϸ˵һ飬ôҶСӴܵģҪһһʮĸ˵һֶˡ
ͼһеˣæ˵ˣǺǰӪȴжʱ·ҶͯҶͯǵĶ֣Ҳץס˽ϼ֮УǶΪһҶͯ϶ܲˣҲܻҪǴأû뵽СӾȻǴϵĽϼ֮ѣˣһǽϼշֱýϼ뽫ˣǼƲֻߣĻǶҪץˡ
Ϻޱȵ𾪣ϾʵۿСӴϵĽϼ֮ѣһշķ
ͼæ˵¼ˣҲǺһ𿴵ģǰСýϼסвǣҪǷҲҪ棬ֻѡ
ϺͼĻǲҶԼѵģǾ˵ҶײܹһշĽϼ룬ϼ룬ϺϤģҵģԼһؾ֮ãû취⿪ϼ֮еķӡϼһֱǿķ֪ס˶ǿߣϺҲǶԽϼǳӣؾ֮еõıģϺҲûȨõϼ롣


ʮ Ǻηʥ
ҲϺӵһֱԼߵĵһƣλԼֵܶǼɵ֣ҲΪϺܹԿλʥߵķ
ȴҶ׸ˣϺֱ͸оܣԼĸɽķҶˣȫսĵߡ
Ϻ軹ǲҶæʵǿСʵıҪǿ
ͼҵȻҪ˵Ҫ˵ĻǲǷͼæˣСӵʵȷҪ˽ֵʱϵıѵֵֵĹȲ֮²ʹýϼģû뵽СӾȻϼҲˡ
ͼĻϺﶼоһľ̶̼µʱ䣬Ҷ״һܺͰ벽ʥ߼ļһһӾսʤʥ߼ĸ֣Ҳ̫ˣôģ
ϺҶԽԽˣ￪ʼҶ׾ʵû֮죬ֱֱͻƣûκεͣһҪ벽ʥߴﵽʥ߼ʵҪʮ꣬һ¶Ҫʮ꣬ʮ꣬еĸһҲûа취ͻƣġ
Ҷ׶̶̼µʱʹﵽ˳ҪʮʱͻƵļѵľͲˣ񣬾츳ٺҲܺõɡ
Ϻ迪ʼ˳˼ҶԽǸоأԽǸоҶһǿ֧
ͼϺ費˵ˣΪǵ˵ˣһҪϱѽһҪǸСץסҲˡ
Ϻ˵˵ʲôãбôû͹ٵĳϾȻòһʮСһҲ̫ʧˡ
ͼû뵽Ϻ˵Ͼ͹ԹԵıͲ˵ϺͷǣϺֵϢ̽ڰȫ
ͼѰҵ̽ڷ糾۹̽䣬ͨҵһЩԱ֪ڻǳȫûΣգֻعѺѾȳ
ͼæڷǳİȫ͹棬ֻرأѾȳ
ϺڻûΣգ֪ҶҪˣͷСӲʵȺҲãʣȥˣҲὫƳҪҪжֲС
ͼæ˳һᱻȳģҲᱻȳǸСӸӲ˵ġ
Ϻ赭˵һһԳҪ֪ҪǱ糾۹ȳȻȥץҶͯ뿴ʲôˣȻܹǲ˼顣
Ϻ赽ڻǷǳĲ˼飬Ҫ˵ҵЩϴû˻ŵģҺϺûЩ˽ϢܲȥҪȻԼﱻҶ״ǶףҵĴʥ֮һҪˡ
ͼϺӦԳæϲЦտ˴ʲôʱСҲͼλ׼һ
Ϻʮˣʵǿʮ˸ǰ糾۹˶˷Ҷͯע⡣
ͼæСȥ֪ͨλϣ׼һһ
Ϻֵ鲻ʥ˵ȥΥ߾ġ
ϺҲ¶ѽҪǱʥ֪ԼĶֱץˣǻҪЦҲô׵ˣλʥѾ֪ˣϺֻǲ֪ĸࡣ
ͼ˸æӦž뿪˷䣬Ϻ迴˿뿪ε˵Ϻ赽ǵ˺ηʥȻһλ˼š
ϺҲ͵֪Ҷ׵ݣǱŵҶҺϺΪҶ׵ݲô򵥣ȻҶҵˣ϶֧֣Ϻ赣ĵġ
ڶһ磬ϺԼʮǰ糾۹ϺΪ˲ע⣬صֻƥԼķޣȻҲезޣһƥɱ
Ϻ賯糾۹ϵʱҶҲǸոմµ֮˳ûûҹԼʱ䣬Ҫӣ֪Լôˡ
ҶҲһ޵ʱ䣬ƴҲֲˣҪȴС
Ҷ׾ͷ߳˷úõĺһʵĿʱԪŵ۹ĹҴ£۹۹ϲȻҪ˺ܶ࣬ҺԪϣʹӴĹңǻ֮ҲǾհҵûκεĶһʼĿֻ֮󣬵۹İնԪԽԽˡ
ҶԪûоǿôȺ۹Ҵ£ҶҲǷǳ˼һҲ֪һ治һ׵飬ҪѣΪǧͷ飬ÿһ鶼ǳҪͼ򵥶ˣֻҪһһ֮±ضкõĽҿɲͬʹȫҪãû治С
ȵԪЩȺ֮ҶԪһϾЦݵվ˵͵ܣʲôʱˣ綼֪
ҶЦҲǸոֹͣôʱ̫˾ߣոЩȨ£Сֱ֮֮ѽ
ԪҶԼе㲻˼Ц͵ܾͲҪȡЦˣôܺ͵ȣ͵࣬ϾͰžϯΪ͵ܺúõһ¡
ҶҲûоܾǶˣûԹûкȹƣȫǿ鵤֮еΪŻӵ˳ҪԷ˵ĻЩͨʳһ谭ֻӵĿ١
ǵǿ϶ҲУΪҶ׻ûдﵽһֱȥĵزҪʥǿ߲УҪǿ¾ͻ˸ߵľˡ
ҵĶӻĶĹˣһҪһٲУö춼ûζˡҶЦ
ǻΪԼԼԣҪ鵤֧ţ͵ܵʵǳģ绹֪͵ڴﵽʲôľˣܺʹ˵˵ôҲĿġ
Ҷ⻹汻ԪʵˣΪʲôΪԼ֪ԼڵʵﵽʲôļΪûʩչѽһ֣ΪԼӦ൱ھµƴ϶Ҫǿˣ֪ǿ˶٣ǻҪʵսС
һμʵ˲Ǳ˶ϺˣҶҲ֪һ㣬ԲŻƴڡ
ҶֻЦ磬жǿСܻ˵Сֻ˵ǰҪǿһЩɡ


ʮ ͵Ϯ
⻰͵û˵һѽ˭֪϶ҪǿԪȻ׷ʣæЦ͵ԽԽǿˣȼ
ܿиѾζȣһӵľƲˣԪҲˣոյʹЦҶϷûмˣҪҺǷµľƲѽ
˾ٱҲǷǳľˣ˽Ҷ׻طϢ˯ʱ򣬺Ȼһڶ˵СӣĶˡ
Ҷ׻ΪΣԺʵ˭ѽ˵ʰ
Ǹȴ˵˭ǿĶϺˡ
һϺ֣ҶϾʹ˯֪֮ողΣںԼ˵
Ҷ׸æʵʦϺˣ
˵ΪʦŻѾ棬׼ӭսɡ
ҶҲǱһѵõıһ£ΪϺʱǺ޷֮ʱҶȴҿһҪȥѺĵطϼһ϶Ҫȥ
Ҳͷ˵ĲڵʵܲսʤϺ軹˵Сһ㡣
Ҷ׾ЦҴ򲻹ܵĹϺѵﵽץҲɣȥ
ҶֱѺķ䣬ǰ֪ͨԪ׼Ӧս
ȻҶϣϺʮֱǰѺĵط̽ľλãҶ׻֮ǰϵķ䡣
Ϻʮĵǰķ䣬֮Χûκ˵ע⣬ʮλ¶ǰ벽ʥ߼𣬸ʵ˵ãϺǳţһҪȳҪץסҶס
ǿķ֮ʱϺͶԱߵͼ˵ǰ̽һ£ǲ档
ͼϾǰſڣǳ濴ȥͿѺ棬ϰΧһ˶ûС
ͼæϺ˵棬ûκε
Ϻæѵ֪ˣġ
Ͼʹǣ֪Σﻹ˭ܵסģϺֱӾߵ䣬߿̤˽ȥ
ͱһϣͷ²֪˯˻ǻˣϺ΢΢һۣϾȥסҪ˵ȻǰϵּĳһֱӻϺ塣
ϺһѸٷǱؿڣ岻ĵɳȥ
Ҫ˵ϺʵһҲɳȥ֮ȻվȣûʲôˣͬʱȵĿϵվһ˵ģ
ҶףֻԼģҶ׸ո͵ϮϺ֣õͨƣһƿ˵ǷӳϺʵǿҲһˣΪҶڵʵԺʥ߼ǿһս
ҲԤϣոһϺܵ˴ˣǸոȬһαҶ͵Ϯ֮ҲǰľˣȻвǶٻʵܵӰ졣
ϺǿѹסԼˣԾ˵СӣҾȻǱƭˡ
Ҫ˵ϺʵһôƭһҪϺ֮ʱＱУû̫עǷ٣һҶڵʵȻǸˣϺҪϳҲҪ˼С
Ҷ׿ϺˣҲһЩϺûκεİյģϺˣİվ͸ˡ
ҶæЦ˼ҲȲѣϺʵ̫ǿˣҪǲһкѶԸ㣬˵ҾҲ飬Ҳֻǻرһ°ɡ
ʮϾͽҶΧϺЦΪƾһ˵Ϸ򣬽Ϸɱ㡣
Ϻ豾ɱҶ׵ģҶ׵һα͵Ϯ߳ŭѾ㲻Ҷ׵ˡ
Ҷ֪һԼԸĶǸ֣˵㲻ôһԸһ˰ɣҲ̫˵ɡ
ͼȴЦԸļһٶҲ⣬͵ɡ
Ϻæ㻹Ϸ򵥴𣿡
Ҷͷ»˼ԸĻȻռ˱˵ģΪո͵Ϯ㣬ռ˱˵ĻǾˣôôɡ
Աߵͼæ˲Ҫ˵˵һǰһжԸϵģǶ͵Ϯˡ
ϺȴЦϺ裬ôܺȣҲ뿴Сӵж˵𣿡
ͼһϺҲϵæˣˣǽץɡ
Ϻҡҡͷˣ˻ʲô⣬ԸǴ´ˣСӣҾ͸㵥һΣʲô͡
ҶǵȻˣ÷ʮ벽ʥߵĹֵĻûлȡʤڵϺ裬һĻᡣ
Ǿͳȥɣ˼޹Ҷ˵
Χʮ벽ʥɫһ䣬Թ߻˭޹ģҶǸûнǷѽ
ϺȴӦҪ˳˷䣬һԭǵŪû˵
ʮ˸Ҷ׾߳䣬ڴʱԪҲ׷׸ѾΧסԪһϵҪҶҶȴǰڰֵǲҪˣܹӦ
ԪҪǰߣǱסˣæԪɳ嶯ﶼǸ֣Ҳǰ벽ʥߣȥûκεİǻվ۲СҶΣٳ֡
ǵԪȥﲻҶףǳҶ׵׸ˣԼûйȥΪʮ벽ʥߣԸǴ´ˡ
ԪһĻҲֻͣеȫ׼ʱӪҶס
ЩûʲôʵԵãﶼǰ벽ʥߣЩָûκεвԪԼпвЩ֡
ϺֱӾΧˣ˵ҶײһƵֵĶ󣬶һһ°ܽѣϺ迴Ҷ˵ְɣϷ۸һСһ
Ҷ׿ɲǫ飬æǺЦԼ˵ģҾͲˣȳһơ
ҶֱĳһƣͨƵ֣һӰ˲ﵽ˸ߣϺ裬ϺҲ΢΢ԾһƷҲܿɹ󣬲Ϻ貢ûеģͬǶҶĳһƣһĳӰȴǷǳͬһڰкȻһ״ֱӹҶ׵ͨơ
ͨȻǿȴûеֵסԷֱӶӰҶ׵Ϯ


ʮ ·ӡ
Ҷ״һæųܷ֮ǽֱ֮ӱ˳ȥҶ׸æٴηųܷһǱܵסҲǱеζЩ͵䡣
ҶųϺˣĻҪܶ࣬ողǱ͵ϮˣҶ׿ܶˡ
Ҷ׵ͨͬҲϺ裬Ϻ屬һӴ֮ԴγһǽǵӡĻǽϣȴҲֻǽǽĶ˼£Ϻûκε˺
ҶҲһԾԼҺǷ࣬ȻĻովͱǵ޴󣬲֪ʲôĸ߼ҪͨƻҪǿ
Ҷ׾͸ıԼսͨƺԴ򲻹ϺƷԼҪʩչˣͨûаգĵģΪĵϺҲʥߣȻ˺ܶࡣ
Ҷ׾ȡԼı˵Ϻ裬ƷȻҵƷҲ޷ֵһܹʹˡ
Ҷ׵ĻҲ٣ǰͨƴûʧܹһͷһˣϺȴҲǳĳԾոȻֵסҶ׵ĹҲܵ˸ոһƵܹķǾʥ߼ģһһʥ߳ڼ
ϺҲǵͷҲûʧƷҲǷǳĸֻΪʱ仹ϷȣϷƷѾﵽ˼ʮʱ䣬ӦֻǼˣϷ͵ĻƷ϶Ϸ֮ϡ
ϺҲҶƷ츳ܹڼ֮𣬻ܺԼ⣬ѾǷǳˣ˵漣ˡ
ҶҲûǫ飬Цҿɲһѵʱô㱾£ƷҴ򲻹ˣɣϱһߵ͡
Ϻ豾ǲԸ⶯ñģһκҶ׽Ҷ׵ʵòµʶˣҶȡһֳ嶯ҪΪҶóı
Ϻ趼֪ԼҶˣͼҲ˵ѽϺҲǺ⣬ΪץȻ䵽Ҷ׵ֻۿԼڱϺǲСĴ
ϺϵıȼȻͣǱȻϲΪмʮˣȻҪ
ϺҲȡԼıҶ׼ԷıҲеĽҵı治٣ʱϺȵСӻϷı
ҶЦбɡ
ϺһβûеҶ׳ֱ֣Ҷ׷ҲΪҶ׵ǳĲԾͽء
Ϻ豦˲ƶҶ׶ûпôģԼǰֱӴ̳Ҷ׾ֻ֮࣬æųܷȻֵס˶ԷĹȴҲϺһ˳ȥ
ҺܷҪȻոҶ׷ҪϺвɣΪϺոյٶȼֱǾ˵ĵزҶ׸æɳʮ׿⣬ﻹ𾪲ѡ
ϺٶȼֱķӰ죬СˣͱˣҶһӾ;ĸֽܲ
Сӵÿ죬ҿ㻹ûа취סҵĵڶСϺٴηһԲǿٶˣǿʵһֱӷҶף⿴ǷǳͨһҶܿжǿˣռ䶼˺һ㣬ڽĺǳ˶ݵգΧʮ֮ڣȫɢеĿɨˡ
Ҷ׸æٻһᵵĽ֮ϣϺҲ΢΢Ծ֪Ҷ׻һ׸Ľû뵽׽ܴﵽļ𣬲ԼĽȫƿķ
ϮҶ׸æͷųýǽֱӺڽϣ˲䱻̳һҶ״һæǿҶٴλӳһ֮½ǵֱɱ
ŽϺ轣Ĵ󲿷ҶײɵĽҲһĲˣ͸ˣڲѾæ޸ָʵ
Ϻ豾뿴ԼĽ˵Ҷףû뵽Ҷ׾ȻֵסˣҲͷСӣȷӣڿ㻹ܲܵסҵĵС
һҶ֪ԼҪôвˣԷûЧȻҲųˣȻϣϺų˴Уڰ֮৳ǽȴһâӡڰ֮ͬһ°Ҷ׻ûмʶĹæʵʦʲôʽ
æɲһһԷӡΪӡȻֻһ˿ˣԱǧ׷ΧΪһ˿Ϻ֮ʮܴﵽʵˣһҪ츳ˣ޷ա
һܣҶҲһΧǧף⻹һ˿ӡжѽҶ׸æԼȫΧԼУҲһأǰֵ
Ҷȫ֮ʱϺķӡҲʽʼˣһӡ·ӡ˵ӵµˣҲϺӵеǿǿϺҲųΪĴʥߣʥ߶ҲǼɵ֣ʩչ·ӡ
·ӡһΧ磬ǵӡͬĺգɢǿĹâϺָ֮£·ӡֱӳҶѹӡԽԽһֱͷѾһɡ
ĵֿ·ӡѹƣֱӳǷӡȥÿһγӡӡӲĵ˻ûܺӡ֣ҶܵķӡѹԽԽܸоһǿҪѹڵء
Ҷ׸оʼôˣ徭ܵѹ͸ˣƴļǿķҲͷֱӵֵӡѹƣҲ޷ԽԽǿѹҶ׸оԼֲ˶ãҪ취С
ʦ취ôƽӡѹƣҶֲסˡҶ׸æʵ
ЦǸոտʼأͼֲסˣԺĶֱϺ趼ǿɲ˵ˡ
ҶæʦԺԺ˵㻹Ȱҽǰ鷳ɣ·ӡ̫ǿˣҶûа취ֿˡ
ЦΪʦͽ̽ɣ·ӡȻǺͬ㣬Ǿ½֮ʱ·ӡʱֻҪƿһʱηҵĹǷӡȻͻֿһֿӡȻͻʧ


ʮ ǿ
Ҷһʦ˵ĺеæ˵ʦʲôʱ·ֿʱ䣬Ҳ÷
æɲܹҵģ֮Ľ֮ʱǳĶݣΪǲغϣյṥһʱ֮󣬾µ㣬Ҫȵֻʱ򷢶һ˸Ϳʲôʱֻ
ʦⲻ˵Щϻܿóֻʱֱ˵ʲôʱɣҲ÷ȥĥˣҲ౻Ϻˡ
ЦСӾͲ·ӡһǳȻûϷǿ󣬿ʥ߼ҲǷǳ
Ҷû˵ʦҶ·ӡˣʲô˼ȥҳȥ֮˵ɡ
ҲЦˣ͵ڲҪˣϷΪָӹɣϷʲôʱֻ֮ʱҲΪʱ̫ˡ
ҶһʦԳ֣ﵱȻˣæʦɣҶˡ
ʱϺѾ·ӡӵ˰˳ɵ˵ѾǷǳĲ˼ˣԸԼļλʥҲʵʵȻûнҶ״ܡ
Ϻ軹ҪӴ󹥻ʱѾƿҶ׵壬Ҷ׶ʱ͸о˺ܶ࣬Ȼ廹Ƿǳѹ֣ǾȴˣΪڳž޴ѹ
СӿˣԺԸҲ֪ιˡҶ׵֮ȻҶ˵
Ҷ׸æ̧ͷʦιģͼһֱûжҶҲ֪ڵȴ½֮ʱȻһ֮Ȼ˵ˡһֱ·ӡ룬Ҷۿǵ̺֮ǿֱ·ӡλãǸλһСԭ㣬֮·ӡȻͷһɫĹâΧΧǧ֮ڣݾ˷һʱ乥ݻһУҶȴȻоһɣϲٿ·ӡͼ·ӡ룬һһƬգһһƬ£ڰ֮зֿ֮󽥽ʧ
Ҷ֪ʦĹˣϲҶ׸˵ʱϺȴǾһͼֱͲţԼ·ӡȻˣһֱƽˣԼ޷ƽĹҶ׾Ȼƽˡ
ԭ·ӡҲϺһؾ֮еõǿֻŻҲ֪ƽӡΪûֻķϺɹ֮Ҽ˶֣һλλʥߣû˼·ӡҡͷǿϺȡʤ
һȻǱһССļһˣԼ·ӡȻҲƽˣѵҲ·ӡⲻܣΪϺõ·ӡʱ򣬾֪Ѿʧǧˣڴ֮ǰû˵ġ
ôҶ׾ȻƽԼ·ӡѵ˵츳ҲܣҶй˵츳Ҳô̵ʱƽԼ·ӡ˵Ҷˣʥ򾳼۷Ҳ
ϺҡͷСӣôģոô֪ƽҵ·ӡġ
Ҷ׵ȻҲԼһʦˣʱ𻹿Ҳֲ˵ˣҶ׵Ŀ˵⻹ǰ԰ڣҲƽһ֪ʲô˴ģ϶͵˼ҵ콻Ҽ
ϺһҶ׾Ȼ˵ҵؾõĿҶ׵ļģҪȻҶôƽ⡣
֮Ϻæ˵㵽ʲô壬ϷҪǲ˵ѡ
Цҵļ֪㻹񣬲ý·ӡĻͱ뿪ˡ
ϺȱĻҲŵˣϾͻعЦСӣҪıңܺϷ˵ôϻû֪ƽ֮ѣϷ·ӡ㡣
Ϻ赱Ȼ׵ĽԼıﻹܿƵģϺҪҵԸҶס
һϺ費ӦҲϺսΪʹսʤϺҲòϺ򲻹ܰɣһδؾ䡣
ȻٺЦȻҲǿ㣬ҪǸҶֵĻұ֤ĶӾͲùˡ
һ仰ʱϺɫ䣬ŭСʲôб¾͸ϷɵֶΡ
ȴЦԸ㲻ֶôУҹ͵ϮѵͲֻѧðˣҪǸҶһ£ӿ϶ͻԿͷԿͷ𣿡
ĻϺǷǳķŭҶҲǴһû뵽ʦҶ׾˵ʦ벻ıһѽʲôͽܾʲôʦѽ
ҶЦϾͽеС˵ʦҿɾͲˣʰ㣬㻹ΪĹ𣿡
Ҷױһ˵ҲŵæЦʦҿЦأ㲻ᵱɡ
ߣԺʦĻùԹԵҪ졣˵
ҶҲֻùԹԵʦĻϺȴɫͨ죬ȵСӣô
һ˵ϾЦʵҲô㲻ȳҲԴӦҲûʲôôҪӦһ
ϺϾ˵㲻Ҫҽ·ӡɣĺãǲܵ顣
ȴҲֻ΢΢ЦԿǿǣһӵⲻȫҪǲӦĻҪǴȥĻҲһǳĵģҵϲ㣬ҲһΪеʧģϢѵ;ԼӵҪ𣿡
Ļ˵ǲȴǷǳоݣ˵Ϻ趼оԼԲԼĶˣҪóԼıǷǳ᲻á
Ϻվû˵Ҳûдߴ٣֪ϺҪһ£ϾǴ£ϺҲȷڿǣսʤҶҲ׵飬ҪȫҪҶ״򲻹ֱɱĻ¾ͺֲˡ
ϺѾʼҡˣȷ˵ٸ߼ҲȲԼĶҪѽϺѾҪȡӵ
ҪֹҶˣթһҶײǾͻˣϺ˵ҪҽҲԣҪȷҶ


ʮ ˵Ҫ
ӦˣˣҲĵЦҿɲɵʵҪҷӣ㲻Ҫˣҿɲɡ
ϺæǺãҿҾͽ·ӡ
һȴûзԣ˵ҿԴӦ㣬֪϶ˣģǲύģҲԸ㣬ѾһֺرˣҵĽⷨ⿪ƣĻֻҪ뿪ʱͻΪѪжоǣҪȽҲ٣ڲ֮Ȼӡ
ĻһϺͲˣæҿǲ뽻ɣҵõӣǱô¸Уô֪Ǽ٣˵Ǽٵģô죿Ǳƭˡ
ȴЦҲˣһֽһֽǣ㽻Ȼͬʱ⿪ϵҼҵģô᲻֪٣Ȼ˵ģûбҪ˵٣ôǿʵһô𣿡
ĻϺֿһ£ʵֻҪܿǲٱץסģҪǵϵǵƣֻҶ׽⿪ƣٿûбİ취ˡ
ϺãҿԴӦȽҶӽ
ͷԣҾͿԴòҪˣҪȻϷһϾͻûˡ
ģϷ򻹲ֶϺ˵
ҪˣҶ׻ǵĵ˵ʦҪ𣿡
ʵѵ㻹᲻һһ׸߼׬ˣʦΪģĻҪ˵ôķϻ㻹Ϊܴѽܾ˶ѣõİ취
ҶæʦˣҲ᲻ãﱾԸϺģʦֻóˣֻǵϺˣʵôǿᵱ𣿡
ȴЦҲңϷѾ˵ƣûӡ
ʦѵʩչʲôƣҶ׾ȵ˵
˭֪ȴٺЦֻƭƭϼһģ㻹ˣΪʦҪǶʲô㻹֪ܲ
ҶæǾͲ𣿡
СʵܿûƣЩҲ֪İɣ֣Ϊʦûʲôġ
Ȼ˵ˣҶȻҲ˵ʲôͶԪ˵Ԫųɡ
ԪȻҲЩԾҶƴˣæȥѺûãͱˣԪԽҶ׵ߣ˵͵ܣѾˣھͽ㴦ˡ
ͷ˵°ɣｻҾˡ
ҲϺ֣ȻֿܹҲѱԱߵԪԪȻ֪һ㣬æ˳ȥˣʱ廨ǱסˣȻֵģһѹʵûʲô߼ϺȻܹ⿪
ϺȻ޷ʲôˣҪԲ쿴֪ΪǱҶ׸ˣҶ׵ɲһˡ
Ϻ迴Ͼͽеôˣ
Ȼȫǻ˵æ˵ףû£׿ҡ
Ϻͷھ;㣬ȵȵȡ
ϺҲҳ֣Ϊʩչϵƣֻǿжˡ
˵лԻȥ˵ǻ̸̸°ɣ㽫·ӡҲһٰɡ
Ϻȴô֪᲻ᶯҵĻ˲ˡ
ȴǹЦҲ̫͹ԼʵɣҪ£Ҫ˵ôķϻֱӾͽܺˣҲý·ӡֻҪųмҾܲ̽٣붯֣ҲȲٶȣֻҪ㶯ջˡ
ϺҲǣҶ̫ܣ͵ͷãҴӦ㣬㿴ˣֻƬ̹ʱϾջء
ЦģϷ򲻻ᵢʱģֻҪóȻῴ
֮࣬ȴ֪ԼȻ˵©ˣԳϷ򣬲ҲʶԼĴˣæ͡
ϺҲǳһæո˵ʲô㵽׶󣬾ȻԳϷǲαװģ
Լ鷳ˣæһǱϼһŪͿˣǿڿǰϷ򣬷ռҵıˣռռı˾ͲôƺԼֲ㣬콻Ҫ󹦷ˡ
ҶҲĻ۷ˣתĻ죬ĻҲܱ⣬һ͵ûʲô˸оԵĵط
ϺȻҲû׷ˣվԼɽ֮ȡһ򣬷ڰ֮УǵͨɢȻͷųâΧյ
ͨһҲ֪Ǳˣ𿴵֮֮Ͼ̽У΢һ֪ˣ۹ǲģǲ飬Ҫ·ӡС
ֱ֮ӽ򣬿ವһɵҶ׵ߣϺ跢ԵʱѾˣĸ֪ԶԶȲ𣬵ԣѾɵҶ׵ߡ
ܹϺǰ֣ȫǿ֮֮Ϻ趼޷ʥ۷弶֮ϺͲһϵģ˵׾ٵ顣
ΪսֻͬҪǿ֮԰쵽Ϻ裬ǾҪʵˣ⿿֮Ͳˡ
ϺʱľҪСˣҡ
ȴϾ˵˭˵ˣ㣬ֲǲˣ
Ϻ豻һ˵ľͲҶˣҲ뿴Ҷǲķˣ˵ĻϺǲưոݵġ
ˣҲ˵Ļ֪ʲôϺܻĽеǰҲеҶ׶˺
ͽϵ⿪ˣڽ⿪ʱҶ˵ʦĴѽ
ȴЦѵ𣿼ȻӦ˼ңҪǻˣҲҪԳУǴӦҪѾ֣ͷɣϼһᱻģ˭֪ʲôǾͲ̫ˣ˵СҲûʲôʵҲʲôвҲʧʲô


ʮ ȸں
ҶҲֻʶѣֹˣЦʦ˵㻰ģԺͽҪʦѧѧС
ٺЦô仰˵˻ˡ
Ҷױ˵һȣɴͲ˵ˣ⿪ҽϵƽ⿪⿪ѹƣϾͳ嵽Ϻȥˡ
Ϻõ˶ӣȻϲԽ֣ץסҶףԼı
СӣҵϷһɱ㡣ϺϾͱһģҶѾûа취ԼĵˣȫֱӹҶˡ
ȴЦұһܺõȻǷˣ̫ˣҲô
ϺЦΪЩʲôϷҪʲôû˭סϷ򲻵ҪԼĶҪвҵСӸɱˡ
ϺѾ㶯ˣĽ׵ģʱҶ׵ҲЩϺҪķĻǻôֵ
Ҷ׸æ˵ʦϵˣϼһҪƭǷٳ
ȴƭˣѵϷͲ𣿡
Ҷһ⻰Ͼ͸ˣ֪ʦ϶ʲô취ˣҲ֪ʦʲôܶԸϺ衣
ЦȻʣͲܹҲˣҲƽĽ⣬ǷˣȻ㶼ˣϷȻҲܹŶڣҪֿԣȿĶǲв̫Ѱ顣
Ϻһ⻰ϾͽϾס֣̽һ̽Ͼͷ⣬һ˿ǳһ˿ȻǳСȴǳĹ죬ͲϵֻпǱ˴ڵġ
Ϻĵǣһ˿־Ȼͨһ˿֮һ˿ǿ֮֮ɱһ°ٱֻҪһ˿֮˵ԽԷȫݻ٣˵ľ֮ȫ̮˵ǱҪ°ٱ
֮뵽˵֮Ƿǳѵ飬Ϊ֮һƿأ֮һ뿪׾ͻʧ˵ڱ˵ܹά״̬֮ǳǿǿܹγʵ
ϺԼҪһ㶼ǳѣԽԼ֮˵壬ǾͱҪϷ깥Ļ֮Ͼͻʧһֱ˵ڡ
Ϻ辪֮࣬ҲҶԶԶԼô򵥣֮ϿҶ׵Ҫǿܶ࣬ϺӵĳԾѵҶ׵ʵԶˣǿ
ôлսʤҶˣ㲻ҪǿĻԼΣˣϺһλͣǿ˼ºõǿߣٴγֵĻԼܲ߶һˡ
뵽ϺѾս֪֮巢Ļṥֵģ뾡Ľ֮С
ϺϾ˵ҶϷһ֮
ҲûҵȷǷһ֮Ϊ˷ֹԣȻǲԤϣ㻹Ǳˡ
콫֮ȥұ֤㡣Ϻæ˵
ߺߣ˭֪һǲ˵ѣôܹ㣬һƭҵġȴ
һҾԲٳֻҪջ֮УһϾ뿪Ϻе
ȴһǲ㣬ҿԷǣ֮ʱǲջأٴαԣ֮ʧֻҪ֮ڣǲҪҾͲ˵Ķӣб½ȡȻˣȻҲûа취赲
ϺһҪ£ͲԸˣϾͽеϾͽ⿪֮ϷԲȵ֮ġ
ȴǺٺЦҲûа취ˣǲģԼ飬ҪھΣյĻ㾡Գ֣Ҳ㵽ףҲҪץδؾУҪԸӵĵĻȻҲûа취
һϺǽѣһغ˺ζҪµʱ¶Ҷ׷Ϻ軹ĻΪ֮ʱƵģһʱǿ֮Զʧġ
ʱͼȥ˵ˣҿȱסҪ֮ˡ
ϺʵҲѾˣܱסС֮תԼҲûаѱҶסˣȫȥˡ
Ϻ迴˿Ҳ֪ԼҪǹĻСûˣȻ˵Ϻ֪ôġ
Ϻֻ˵СӣϷͲƽˣ֮ڣҪҶκεʧϷ˵ġ
ȴЦ֮ûʲô⣬㲻ǻҪҵͱģֻʱܲȥͲ֪ˡ
Ϻ豻˵ˣҶ˵ģϺͶߵͼ˵ߡ
ϺϾץס˺󷽣ʮ벽ʥϾ͸뿪һߣֻصҶ׵֮ڡ
Ҷæ˵ʦʲôʱСӶˣô֪
Ҫ֪һʦϷȥʱһ˿֮ڣΪľǷֹԣȻǲϷԤϣҪûһĻʲô治˵ºˣΪʦΪȡµʱ䣬֮ڣҪȫһҪȡϺʵ򲻹Ҫ൱УȻеѹֻҪΪʦܹϵģر·ӡǱϺԼ޷ƽ⣬֮Ըûа취ѡ
Ҷϲ⣬ֵõһ߼ԺԼеǸ߼ˣ˵ʱԪҲϹˣԪһĵ˵͵ܣոմˣȻĸˣҺ͵ܻкУĻһҪϼһˡ
Ҷ׾Ժ˵˭ѽ˭ңȥȼ֮ʰ
Ҷʱȴ˵㻹Կ䣬ҪΪʦ㣬ӣͱϺ۸Ĳˡ
ҶæЦʦҲڱ˵ǰɪһʦͲҪ̫СˣͽҲ˸ѽ
ҡͷǺƤļһ˵ĹҲ˵ԼģΪʦҲøƤ˵ˡ
û˵Ҷ׾͸ǵɪˣԪ˵Ȼ֪飬һĿҶף˵Ҳǣ˭Ϻǰףһı˭İɣҶ׾Ȼˡ


ʮ 
Ҷ׻Ϻ֮󣬾ͺԪ˻ص֮ڣϺҲĶϻĵ۹µʱûа취ڷ糾۹ȥҪĵ۹
һϺȻȳʧȥԼĵ·ӡϺȻǲԸֻ֮תˡ
һΪҶȡµʱ䣬Ҷ˵ǷǳĹؼΪµʱ䣬пܼʵӶﵽܺϺһսʵ
֮Ҷֿʼһǿʼ·ӡͼԦϼ룬˵ǷǳҪһһǸ߼֮ȫԺʥ߼ǿսˡ
ϼĿҶҲѾЩĵˣϢĽϼ˵Ǻ׵ģֻҪӽϼҪϼİ֮
·ӡѶˣһʼҶ·ӡ޷ڰ֮γ¹ԣԼĽôҲﲻ·ӡı׼һϿϾʧ۲·ӡĴģ
ҶҲûż֪·ӡ϶ҪЩӲɹϺ費˵Ѿ˼ʮҲʹﵽˮƽԼżҲûãԼʵ˵
Ҷ׾ͽصԼϣرǵʥ⣬Ǽǰ֮ɲγɵҲǿģҪӵߵļ
ֻܷӳʥһصʵӦûֻ𲽽׶ˣҲǰҪǿ󣬾˵ʥⷢӵߵľ磬Դﵽһ㣬ǿ
ʱԵҩ͸ӵˣҺ۹֧ҪʲôͿԵõʲôȻҩĵȼҲǺܸߣһ㶼ǼƷҩѾ㹻ˣҶ׿ԵǷԣЧЩ߼ĵҩ
ȫ֮ʱǰ棬ԳҶ׵ѣҶ׻еƣŵ˭֮ʱϾϲ⣬ѣ۹Ĳн
⻹Ҷ׵ˣҶæǰӭӣнǷǳ֪Ҷ׵ݣҶ۹죬Ȼǹλȴڹ֮ˡ
нæȥҶн
ҶæЦҾͲôˣô֪
ҶҲЩ棬Լûȥ۹Ӧò֪н˵ӢʹΧ۹û˭֪۹ˣ֪۹֮󣬸˵˯žҪ峤Ϸ£·ۣԾǰΪһ⣬ʺá
Ҷһ⻰ﻹе⣬ԼҲͦģҶ֪ˣæʵϣΣ
нæĸһ򶼺ܺá
ҶæҾͷˣʱȥ˼ҵģһֱҲգԲϵˡ
нæЦдҪæȻѲҲ֪϶ûʱ䣬Բģ֮ǰһҪ¿ΣȻ棬֪һǳĿġ
ҶæСֻһС¶ѣǰͺúõסϼ죬Ҳҵ顣
нȴæ¿ɲס죬ҪȼˣҪҵƤɣһ»Ҫ㱨ġ
Ҷн֪϶ʲôˣæҵҷȥġ
Ҷ׾ͽнԼķ䣬һ£н˵һǴ׿иҪתġ
Ҷæ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
֪ǲȥ۹ǵĻ֪Ĵʲôʱ֣нʵ
Ҷ֪϶֪ˣڼҲȲˣûʲôʱȥ˵ȥ۹ʱûй涨ʱ䣬ΪҶԸϺ裬ҪʵϺոձһˣֻ֮һҪºһʱ鲻ʱ۹
Ҷ׵ĻнҲǵͷԭҪôҪ飬ܾĹ۹ĻҲһᶦ
ʱһ峤ģĺˡҶЦ
нȴе̾Ϣӣ鲻ôģҶҲ飬ʵϺʲô£Ϊβ˵أ
нſڵҲҵҲùܾĹ۹
ҶϾʶ˲鷳ˣæǲҶֲȡʲôж˵
нͷ˵ǣһʱҲ֪ô£ȫڴѹǲңΪһεǶǸǺ֮ˣǲǴѹǵ⣬ѾȫڹǲңҪǲϳ۹ļơ
Ҷ׶Ǵһû뵽ҾȻ鷳æô˵
нæҲİţʱ˵ˣʱûʱ߲۹ĻǲҵͲҪˣģѾΥ˼ҵΣҲǵĲһᱻҹѽ
ôĵӣǬǵΪȥһҪһγҶǲȡʲô취˵ҶߵĽе
ѾǲΧסˣһܳʵҪԻͣҲûа취ҶҵΧǬżλ벽ʥȫ峤Ҳȫֿȴֿ֪ܵʲôʱˡ
شȻϵڲŸңżѽҵжʵΣҡҶҲǶԲне㲻ˣԼʵĻнܾͲˡ
ҪĻҶһǳģҺڻнæǬλʵǿĳϣһλ飬һλģʵͬڰ벽ʥ߼ǲֻһǰ벽ʥߣԺѵֵԷҼ̵ķͱˡ
ССİ벽ʥ߾͸ţ̫ˣò鷳Ǭǹǽ֪Ҫ۹ȳң۹ȫˣҲú²Һ֣Խֻˡ
Ҷ˵еģǬ֮ʱ򹥴ҲȷǳǣҲ²ҺҶӦϣ۹͸סˡ
ϣ㲻żھʹɱ۹ȥ׽Ǭ峤ԴáҶ˵
нһǸмл¸мˣҪ֪ˣ϶Ҳǰٸнͻȥ㱨Ͳҵĵܹ
ҶҲûס˵Ҳһ˻ȥˣҸһȥ
неɻæһζԷӦöЩȥѽһȥ̫Σˡ


ʮ ۹
Ҷ׹ЦһҪôʲôҵ˻ҴģֻǰȥҶǵΧ۹Ҵ顣
н֪Ҷ׻һ磬æʵ֪ˣʧˡ
ҶæЦʵҴҲǽݵģԪ۹ԪҲµĵ۹۹Ĺͳ˧۹Ҷˣܿˡ
˵Ҷ׾Ͷߵ˵ȥҴ˵м
ϾǰȥԪˣнԾĹҶ׵Ĵ磬ҿҶ׵ĵλȹߡ
һԪҶ׵ķ䣬һЦ͵к£˵кҪѽ
ҶæкҪҪ˵ǹڹ۹顣
ԪҲ΢΢ԾҲԱߵĲн֪϶ͲнйأԪ˵͵ܲǾȴϺ֮ȥ۹ôڸıˡ
ҶЩߵ˵ô칥۹ֻǬ㱻ˣȻҹңǰǷǳõѣһֱڰҶԸңڲΣգǬȫңɳʵڲ֮ϣڲҺΣգұҪϾȥȲҲС
ԪһϾվ˵Ȼ͵ܵѣǾԪˣһȫһССǬ͵Ϻ趼ܶԸȻڻ£֪͵ܴʲôʱһȥ
ҶæҴȥڱΧΣ۹Ǹɴͽ۹ǰ£ĻҲʡĺܶˡ
ã͵ܷģһɨƽ۹ģֻ͵ȥҪСˣ͵Ԫŵ˵
ԼţѵҾû벽ʥߣѵõ𣿡ҶЦ
͵˵ǣ͵ܵʵѾһǧԸСɫѣûʲôѶȣףɹ
Ҷ׵ͷԪܵλǲҵĴϲнϣһͻһ𷵻زңȥҵΣ簲źʹǰ֧ԮСܰɡ
ԪǲнͷȻ˵͵ܾܷȥɣܿͻģﵽ۹һ·̣ȹ۹ĻʳǣҲʱ䣬֮ڣվ͵ܵǰġ
ԪĻԱߵĲнĿɿڴһ۹ԪȻֻҪʱܹƣҲ̫˰ɣҪ֪ԪĲܺ͹糾۹Ҫʱ䣬Ͳˡ
Ҷ׼Ѿźˣ͵ھͺʹȥˣ峤һҪȥ۹ˡ
һ峤˵ģȥɡԪ
Ҷ׵ͷͺͲн˵ھ߰ɡ
нæҶһ뿪ĴԺнҶǲҪȴҶ׺ȻպһСࡣͼһֻ޴ķ䵽Ҷ׵ǰ档
Ҷ׵ĽƷɷѾҶ׵ˣһҶǲģɽҪʱֻҪСϾ֪ˡ
С޴䵽нǰѲнһæ˵
Ҷ׵ͷǣõģܰȫʲôΣյġ
нЦϷ򲻵ϷֻЩԾֻݲһķݰɡ
Ҷ׵ͷϿĲȷһķݣһͷݣӵзһ˿ѪԵȼǺܸߵģʵҲڰ벽ʥ߼𡣡
Ҷ׵ĽܣнɵˣȻһͷݣҪ֪ݱҪ߼ֻȻݵһ˿Ѫĵȼ֮жǸߵˡ
ؼӵа벽ʥߵʵѾòно˼ˣһҶѾܺǰˣӵ߼Ҳʲô顣
ȥɣСȥһʱܵ۹
Ҷ˵վͷСıϣнҲԾæȥȥ֮СϾ˻һ𣬷һ²ѲнŻˣСٶԶԶ󣬼ֱǺһĿ٣ֲ˵һʱܵ۹ˡ
нվСı޵һֻ̫ˣôٶϷԾ
ҶЦЦûʲôС౾ʵͺܲѪָߣȻܹ졣
Ϸǵǰǻһʲôı飬϶ǱˡнЦ
ҶҲֻЦЦڶ˵Ѿ̫ϰΪˣκһ鶼ǵĺ䶯žͳ˲һĵطɡ
СٶȹȻǺܿ죬һʱ֮Ѿ۹ϷҶֱָС೯ǲҷȥֹСʱҶ˲ҵϷ
ϷʱͿ·ѾӰ֯ڲΧȫȫװĵӣЩҵĶ飬ڲҵĳ¥֮ϣǲ˴Ųҵĵڵֿ
˫ʼȫͷ˭Ҳûע⵽ϷҶ׵٣Ҷ׿ѾЩԵֵˣܶҸѾ嵽˲ҵĳ¥֮ϣһڽЩҵĸһһӳȥǲҵĲ졣
ڲսʱͬͺܴǿסλǿλ벽ʥߣϳ¥ҵӣڳ¥棬Ǭվڵսʱ׼ܹ
벽ʥϾͶԲ췢͹һʱǿ֣Ȼһ֮ȴȻֵܹǶ˵֣Щֲ֧סֻˣһߺһ߻ҪߵĲҵӲҪˡ
ϼһ־ܰɣǹҹѾزסˣϵԽԽˣȻеҩסֶܼãܱסһѣͶܱסĻֻ·һĽе
һֱǬߣһαҶ֮ҲǷ߷߲ƽҪһᱨ𣬿ϧҶѾˣûа취ֻǽڲҵϣ߻һλ벽ʥߣʵ൱ͣȻһͽɱǷˮһĲҵӻûܹġ
벽ʥߵΧ֮£ǰѾˣ⻹Ǳ͵Ϯ֣첻ѿάԼʵĻͰ
Ȼ֪ĻǲҾİˣһֱ֧ţҪһǰϣѾеȲˣʵԽԽΪĹЧѾ֧սȥˡ
ǲ컹Ӳ˵Ҫ͵ϮϷôܹռϷ磬ϷˣҲҪôһս
ͼ컹ǲԸͶͺȵϼһҵģҾȡ׼


ʮ ǧһľԮ
ı৳һϮͬʱдֱӺز͵ıɲһ㣬һֻ޴ɲһһֻǧشǧһȥһ˸ͳܲ𣬸˵͸ǿˡ
֪ԲҺӲһֱڶĽַǳĹ죬ԼϼƶǱ⽣ˣҲֻһߴһߺˣѰһ֡
ϼһɣϷ򲻸ˣʶʶϷ촸ɡ
ͺȻһеĴ͵ĳȥһôڰ֮дһ޴ĴӰʮ׷Χľ޴Ӱѹһο²ʮˣǼʮˣҪǱеĻˡ
ͬʱѾ·ȫ޷ĹҲҲһЩΪˣһȫһɾ޴Ǿ޴ĴӰǲеķˣǵķʱȴϾ̮ˣ޷ֵסԷҵĹһ춼Ǳ۾Ѿ޷ֵסĹˡ
ڲ춼֪Լ޷Ҫһغ֮ʱȻӰ֮һӰǵӰٶ죬ֱӳ嵽˲ǰǾ޴ĴӰǰ档
춼֪ô£ȴоǰľ޴ѹȻʧˣ۾һͿһӰǰӰȻӲĶסǾ޴Ӱĺ컹û˭ǸӰ˵Ĵ󱿴Լɡ
漴Ǿ޴ĴӰֱӱ˻ȥͶǰŪˣĿŲ֪ðһӰĹסˣڻҪĹ͸æٴλ˫Ĺײһ𣬽;ȻǱӲĺ˳ȥһֱɳ˰׿⣬ݺݵˤ˵ϡ
ڲ컹֪ôµʱǸӰתԲ˵峤þòѽˡ
쿴ԼһֱȴŵҶʱסݺˣ޵ҶֵܣˣϷΪҲˡ
ȻҲһٶˣ£ǽסˮҶ׻е㲻֪ôźãæȥ˵ˣ峤ˡ
ȴ˵һ㶼ֻҪǶҲİˣϷû뵽ܼҶֵ㣬Ϸ͡
˵̲סᣬҶ׸æ˵峤ģ֮󣬻ὫеȫϳȥҪǸϳȥ죬Ҷ۹ʧġ
ԾҶ׵Ļе㲻ţ־Ҷûɵ飬˵Ҷֵܣһδ˶ˣҿĵӡ
Ҷ׺ǺһЦԸǣһӣڶԸ۹Ҵڣ֮Ҵǰ۹ģ峤ͷĵڼźϢھͿôʰЩһˡ
ĻҲǳһҶֵ˵ֻһˣҿ벽ʥ߼ǿߣһܹԸ𣿡
컹֪ҶѾǰڲҵҶˣԸ벽ʥ߶˵Ѿ練Ƶˡ
峤վ￴ôɣһԾġ
Ҷ׾ͷ˰գҴϷҵĵӴ˵ǬСүֻˣ㻹ʶҰɡ
Ǭ·ϸһǲԼ޵ҶͯȻˣǬһĳԾҶڷ糾۹Ǭ֪ˣҪȻҲἱŹˣû뵽Ҷ׾Ȼôˡ
Ǭ֪Ҷڵʵˣܹɱ벽ʥǿߣŵõæ㵽߼λֵĺ棬˵Сӣ벻㻹ҲһˣܶԸô𣿡
ҶЦһԸôˣֻҪԸǼҪ˾ˣļֳɣҸһᣬһϣһһʰˣǾ͸лˡ
Ǭﺦ£æ˵鳤ϣͳϣһֽһ¡
ҲҶڷ糾۹飬֪ҶʵѾǿǻǻǲģΪҶڼǰͲǵĶ֣ôôʹﵽĵز
ոҶ׺͵һսʶҶ׵κһ˶Ҷ׵Ķֿ֣ܲлȡʤ
Ͷ˵ͳϣҿСʵǿ׼Ҫˡ
͸ոձҶ׸߻صģȻûܵصˣҲҶ׵ͷһȷȻҵһϣҵҪж
ٴγ嵽ǰ棬һβûеȴ֪ԷʵԶ죬ҪȫԸУԼǧ޴ͽеСӣոǴˣһο㻹ܲܽסҵһ
þԼȫӳ˾޴һǴֱӷҶףΧףȫһɽҶ׳ͬʱıҲǷųĹâֱɱҶκε岿λ
ҶȴûκεĶһֱڵȴŶԷĹԷĹѾǰǲ꣬Χ˶Ǵһ֪Ҷ׵ô£ز¶Ѿе㲻֪ζԸˡ
ǰߵĻܶ˾ЩŵģϾҶܴﵽĸ߶𣿿ҪǺߵĻǾ鷳ˣҶ׿Ҫǻˡ
춼ΪҶһѺǾʱҶȴˣֳֻǰķɴĳһƣһƺûκεĳ֮ǵȻӲıһƸĻȥˣһĻΧһɵˣҶ׾Ȼɵľͽ͵Ĺ˶һͷ
ĽͬʱҶ׵ǰҶֻͬĳһƣһƣǰĽʱͱĵʧ٣ΪҶףȻǱҶһֱӸķ˳ȥ
һҶȴûˣʩչͨƣȻֻʩչ˵һʵڵʵ˵һͨƵѾ޷ֵסˣֱӱķɣڲϾˣȫˣ䵽׿ĵϣѾ޷ˡ
ͱȻҪһЩΪҶױϾԶһ㣬ͬҲ޷סҶ׵ͨƵͬˣ޷ս
˵սˣվûа취վ⻹Ҷû̫ǿĹǵ
Ҷֻһƾͽ벽ʥ߻ˣΧ˶ʱɵˣҵȻǿľˣһʱ˸ˣҵͬҲǾˣҲǵǿѾܡ


ʮһ Ȱ
ֱҶ˵ʵĺܲѽûи
ʱŻعˣҵ˶ʱͷˣǴΪҶ׺ȲһһʼǱϾͱ͵սʿˣҶڣǾûκκµˡ
ҵǡǡ෴ǴӸոո֮ϾйˣǿҶ׾ǿһսһ㣬޷սѽҵһӾʧȥʤģǷ׷Ҷ׿ȥ֪Ҷ׻ʲô춯ص顣
ǬµҪ㵽Լµĺ棬Ҫ׼ߣΪ֪ԼٲߵĻûлˣԼλǿ߶ҶɱˣʱѾˣǬҪ͵͵ߵʱҶȴȵǬ㻹𣿹ԹԵĸҹĻҾԶˡ
ǬһҶ׵ŵҪæߵеϣϡ
ЩҲòȥ˭ҶҶ׶֣ǬϾԼıҪߣҶѾɵǰֱӾʹϽץǬûеֿһֻϺһ㱻Ҷᵽ˳¥֮ϡ
Ҷ׽Ǭӵ˲ǰԲ˵峤Ǭͽ㴦ˡ
ϲֵ˵ҶֵܣϷһδ۽ˣʵжǿѽ;ȻһжİˣϷԽԽˡ
Ҷ׾ЦҵʵҲһѣԸ벽ʥ߾СƣʥҲ̫ġ
ǲޱȣ˵˵ҵǿߴսѾܹҶĸֽˣǽϷŸţ⴫ġ
ҶЦҵʵаɣܹԸЩɫ
Ҷ¥濴ȥĶЩҵĵ˵Ҹһӵʱ䳷ˣһ֮û뿪ҾҪɱˡ
ЩҵĵӸոջҶ׵ս𾪣ԼֱץˣȺ׵ʱ˭֪ô죬Ҷһ˵Ͼ˳ȥеһˣҵϾˣҲΧңȥӪΪǸû
ǣͶĵˣҶײûȥ׷ɱǣΪ˵ѾûʲôвˣҸոһս˹ʵѾܴܵӰ죬ʹԺԭҲָֻܻһʵˡ
ҶҪץǬǬܹеõļһΪҪԸϺ裬СҶץ֮Ѿȫûκεˣ˵ڵأеѽ
ﻹӣҶ׿ı֣ҲЦһΪϺĶеû뵽ĻɫʧѽȻ˵Ϊ˲ô뻹Щģ㶼Ӷˡ
Ǭﻹ飬ֻԼǬæ˵ССҲȲѣֻҪңұ֤ȫ۹Ҳˡ
ҶȴͲ㵣ˣұҪ뿪ģǱҸϳȥģߵģ͹ԹԵĳҵķ²ɣҲɱ㣬Ϊﻹô
ǬҶײɱԼɿˣһӾ̱ڵأҶֶԲ˵峤һʱɱãͽѺڸϰɡ
æһİţҲеˣϷڶ£Ըָӡ
ҶæЦ峤ˣǻѣԺһúõİҷչģңԺΪ۹ǿļ塣
ȻϲԽϾͶߵ˵Ǭȥϼӿܡ
Դ˽Ǭȥˣ˵ҶһܾҲңϷҪΪҶúõĴлһҪϷס죬һϷ⡣
ҶæЦ峤ģһ˾ҪסˣΪһһЩҪ
ϲòˣһ𵽸ϷúõΪӷ硣
Ҷ׾Ų˲ңȻǸϲ󣬶뿴ҶףѾûлˣҶױ˲Ŀ
°žƲˣϲ裬Ҷ֮󣬲æһʲôҪ飿
ҶæҴҪ۹ҵĵ۹ͼҪ峤һ¡
ڳ¥֮ѾҶ˵ˣֻʱҲûʱʵ֪ʲôҪϷȥֻܷԸǡ
Ҷ׾͵Ȼ뽫۹ҵĵ۹ͼһ۹Ļҽ֣Ϊǲǵĵˣ峤ȥȰ˵ǹ齵ңֻҪǹ齵ĻǻǵĹֻҵķǻǿԳΪ
һ⻰Ͼ˵ģϷһȰ˵齵ģϷ򿴣ҲᷴԣֻҪܹĻҲʲô뷨Ͼ֪һӦĻĹλöסˡ
Ҷ׵ͷˣʵҲȡλֻҵĵ۹ӵǿԸңҵĳԣڵҸûʲôȤҵĹҶҴ統Ҳǵϣרĺá
Цǿһλðɣʣ˵ǹˣԺ½¶ˣϷʱҲԸҵﴵˣϷ򻹺һԹء
˵˶ǹЦܿƲˣȻǶòͣҶҲûʲôͺͼһ㣬㷹֮Ҷ׻طϢȴæǰʹȥˡ
һǰ˵¹ش󣬹ϵ۹ˣ۹˵˾ĸȴϢ
ʹֱӽǲ棬⣬ǻʹҲȥ磬ʸ첻ǰȥ㱨Ѿʵķ䡣
ʼҲЩԾҲѾ֪˲ҵ飬رǺҵõһλǿߵ֧ԮңҽǬ׽ˣҪǰȥǷġ
ʵұΧŶҲǺģȴвǸҳԮҵĻλͲˣ֪ҵʵҪλ׾ٵ飬ûгδؾܾȵ˲ңΪ߸ûи֡
ʼʱе㲻˼æǰ˵峤ôˣʻǰҿ峤ģҪ峤ˡѽûгԮҡ
æӻֵʲö˵ˣѴϷ֪ܲ𣿾ҲȲңҺûг򶥶°ոˡ
һ˵ϲæл峤˴ǸмԺκεҪһ㡣
ȴЦˣһϷɲҪҪʲôϷǴһ˵ĻҪ֪ǹϵʺ۹ˣһҪúõĿ


ʮ ׳Ƴ
Ȼû˵ʲô飬Ҫȸѣ׼Ͼ˳Ҷףһ۹ĹҪ˳Ҫе㻺ʱ䡣
Ҳ˲컰˼æ峤л˵ɣֻҪ̫Ϊѵ飬һӦġ
ͷ˵»Ϊѣ㻹ҪӦУһǰҵҶͯӦѾ֪˰ɡ
ҲǸոյõϢæͷѾ֪ˣѵҪ𣿡
ͷҶͯ˼ϣܹ۹˳
˵ʵɫϾһ䣬ɲ飬һ˳Ҷףô˵ҲеԽܣʵϱ仯Ȼ쿴æʲõģ˼ҪȡλֻҪ˳۹뵽۹ͼ㻹Ĺֻ۹ķѣҲ֪ҶͯѾǽ糾۹Ԫ۹ϲγһ۹ϣ۹ҲܼУĻ۹͸ǿҲ͸ĺҶԿˡ
˵ôֻ࣬ûκεķ˼Ҳѽ˼Ѿ۹ˣҪ̲׾ٵ飬˼ڻ˳㻹ܼĹѾǷǳĿˣҲɵӣȻף۹һܹҿƣңҲһ¡
æ峤Ҷϣǵ۹ҲΪҶԿ𣿡
ͷ˼ھͿʵ˼ˣϷ򿴣ʿɲҪһʱͿˣҶֻҪ˳ѣ㻹Ĺ̰ͼλãҪĻʵҪϷ˵ֻҪѹ㻹а취ֿҶҶҪϳ۹ˣʻǴӦĺá
Ϊʶ뻹е㲻Ը⣬Ͼǹίȫû뵽ȴϾʹӦ峤ʴӦҶͯҪԸ˳ֻҪܰҽ۹㱾λҲԸѽ
ԭ۹ܹҵһֱҪϳȥûѽвҺҲûа취ҶҪ۹֮õ顣
ʴӦˣҲϲϷǷǳĸˣʷģҶΪϷ˽⣬ԲΪѵģ㻹ǼĹɣָǣ۹ĴѾ۹ҪԼҪǽ۹һһͿԽҸϳ۹ˡ
ҲЦԭҲӦҲѽҶͯѾˣģϾ;ľһɷУҪӭǽǣҲڻʹȴǵĵ
ˣϷʹѾˣͻȥҲǳġ߸˵ľ͸ǣȲһߣҲ޿κεЦԺǲԼѽܱеĺá
ص֮ϾͽϢҶףҶȻǷǳĸˣϾͶԲ˵峤Ҫȥ֪ͨҴ磬Ҫ۹֣ڻ֪ѾӦͶһȡҪ֪С
ȴæôˣϷȥˣúõϢɡ
ҶɣҵСǰȥҴ磬ȥˣСٶȿ죬һʱܸϵҴˡ
ҶϾдһţСߣ˵С࣬㽫ŴҴ磬Ҫ۹۹ѾͶˡ
СܹҶ׵ĻͷҽżԼĿУչһɳ죬СߺҶ׾͵ԪĴǰˡ
ͬʱ۹ѾĻ̻ˣܶѾʼ͵͵ȡԼļ˽׼ˣ֪һҺ۹ˣʹԺᷴˣҲȲǸʱΪ۹Ҷ׵
ҺܶѾʼ۹ֻЩûа취ߣΪǵĲƲ۹òߣЩݵ̵Ǯׯʲôģôߣֻϣܹǰǡ
ӻ֮ҲڿôˣǬץɵֻľԮΪʾԼԼӦǰϺ㱨ǰǬ
;ҲûʲôôˣҶ׻֮ǻʾʵûˣֻˣҪңҺܶǰϺͬʱҲΪһЩô˵ҲƴģϺҲô
һ֮ԪĴǰϵ˻ʳǣΪһ·ϸûκεĵֿԪҲѾõϢ֪۹ѾͶȻͿԴҡڵĽ۹ȵ˻ʳǣԪûǰʹȥ˲ҡ
ҶҲ֪ϵˣͲϾͳӭԪ˼֮Ȼһ˵ЦԪôڻʳΧػһԪ˶ʮ⻹ΪԪ۹ûʲôʵĻĴǰ
ûеҶ׵£ʾȻ˲ңҶҲЩԾͼʼҴҵңҶ׺Ԫ֮ϾͰڵ˵СԸ齵Ԫ£ԺԪķԸ޶ġ
ʵ󣬻󳼣ҵȻС
ҶæȥʷǶɣֻǺǳΪһ壬ͬԸңǻԭλãκεı仯ֻҪʱҲ
æұǱĶͷЩ걾ûǣ㱾λҲԸѽ
ҶҲǹЦæǽܵλҵĴ磬Ҳ۹ĹԺҲǵˣԺʲôǿȻҲҪָӡ
һҶܣϾͶԪݵСԪԺСԪĳӣԸԪĵǲ
ȻһͨĻȴԺԪˣһǳҪ顣
ͬʱҶѾߵǰЦ峤þûˣɺã
ЦϷû뵽ܻżҶѽϷû뵽Ϸ۹ѣȻѣǴϲ£ҶǰԺҶΪ۹ػЩͰվͿ԰ҵˡ
Ҷ׼Ҷ׽۹ļ֮ܣ壬ңң嶼һ׷۹Ԥ⵽۹֮дĶû뵽ȻΪҶͲʲôΣ۹ˣ浱ֻǴ֮п۹ı仯޷׼ŵҽиҶס


ʮ ɨǮ
ڿһжЩˣһҶˣϲ⣬˵ѾӦͶҶףǸˣϾͺһݼҶס
ҶæЦ峤ԺǻЭ۹ģҸϳ۹
Ϸ뿴һĻˣϣϷлῴұϳ۹˵˵
ʱֶҶ˵ҶСҶԪǰСʹСĤݡ
˼ҲˣϣҶ׺ԪȥİݼҲѾ˳Ҷ׺Ԫˡ
Ҷ׶Ԫ˵磬㿴ȥȥ
ԪЦ͵ϴ󣬴ҲֻĸѽȻҪġ
Ҷ׾͵ͷǺðɣһȥʹɣҲʶʶԺҪúõĺС
Ҷ׾ͺԪǰʹʵݣ󳼣Ҷ׺Ԫ;еİռҶ׺ԪҲƵ֪ҶǴңǵӢۣȻҪӵ
ʹ֮Ҷ׺ԪֽʺٹʽĳݣʽΪǵˣݹҶ׾Ҫһ¶Ըҵˡ
Ҷ״ʱǻʹı֮ϣ߾ԪλãʺͲǵףٹٷֱҶ׾Ͷ˵۹ʲôûгģ
æ˵۹ֻҺǮûбʾǮһֱվһߵģǶҵǰǡ
ҶҲ֪Ǯ۹Ǯļ壬ȴǺվһҲǸʰǵʱˣҶ׾˵˵ǮҲƸܶ࣬óָµİհɣǮʲôĸ𣿡
һβæǮҲûʲôرǿĸֻ֣һλ벽ʥߣϷԸǰɨǮ棬Ǯҵļ׽ù鰸
Ҷ׵ͷǺã峤һȥһе㲻ģҷҲûʲô飬ͺ峤һȥǮңǵжǮ
һҶҪԳԾ֮Ҳ֪һǮڽˣǷ׷׵ͷƵҶʵһʲô
æѾĻ̻̣ܶѾ͵͵۹һڵȴľԮϷӦѾȥϺˡ
Ҷ׵ǾͺãҲӭϺ裬һʱỹˣǲ̫ģȥǮҵ⡣
Ҷһνȴһ֮֮ʱΣգϺֻܵȵ֮Ҷˡ
ȻûҶ׵˼ҲҶʣ͵ϷھʹȥǮҡ
ԪЦñˣ峤ֻҪǰ·ˣһССǮңҵԽΧˮйͨ
Ҷ׺Ͳ컹ԪǰǮңʵҲҵ󣬸ǵ󣬿˵۹еҪԱˣЩٹһζ̴ˣǵĹ˸࣬ǻʲô˵ġ
ԪĴܿǮңǮҴʱѾŵðˣһţǮҼϣȵҵľԮǰû뵽ô͵ȵԪľӡ
ԪһδΧǮңǮʲôʱôһһʵ˵ãһССʿʵǱ񾳣ŵӦսˡ
Ҷ׵Ǯҳ¥֮ǰ¥֮վʿǵıȴЩ֪ĺ£һʧ룬Ͳսӡ
ڳ¥֮ϣһߣ߻мλͬͺܴߣǵʵͲλˡ
Ҷ׾˵վм߾Ǯҵ棬ʵҲǰ벽ʥߣ߻мλǻʾ۷֣Ϸȥ
Ҷȴҡҡͷ峤żܲҪͷ峤ԳֵľͲ鷳ˣǹԹͶǲԸĻٶҲ١
ȻͬҶ׵æ˵ǾϷȥȰǰɡ
ҶҲӦǰȥǮ˵ǮԹͶɣֻҪͶԪĴǲôģǲͶĻǮҾҪȫݻˡ
ǮǮҵ棬ȻͶΪĲƱͶĻ϶ҪˣǮ۵ģһǮļһƽʱ᲻ûǮ˵ǱˣҲΪʲôԸͶԭ
ǮҲ֪Ҷ׺ԪԥӣĲ˵죬ҪͶˣҵĲƸǵõ𣿡
Ц㻹ôѵ㻹ЩƸ㣬ͲҪˣ˵ֻһ㣬㻹ô𣿡
ǮȻǲԸˣҲԼǮȻ˵죬ҿһ£һʱΣұ֤һĴ𸴡
ȴҲͷھͶĻϾ͹Ǯҡ
ǮȴмҪǮҲһʱ飬ѵͲܵһʱϷҲҪһ²С
컹Ҫ˵ҶȴϾͶԲ˵峤ø˵ˣ֪ˣʲôϾǮΧеͨһдװ顣
ϾҶ׵˼æΪѾ͵͵ĽƱ˳ȥˣ
Ҷ׵ͷˣǮڿҪһ磬޷Ǿʱ䣬Ϊʲôʱ䣬ѵǵҵ𣿵ȻܣѱˣΪתƲƱҸҿ϶ļһͨͨͨ棬ڽܹĵĽЩƱ˳ȥֻҪǮΧԲ֮ȫǾǻҲûа취ĶֻҪȺǽƱͳˡ
Ҷ׵ĻͷһĿȻˣϷȥ˽Բ֮ڰΧ
ԪЦͲҪ峤ˣȥžˣ峤ԸǮҰɡ
˵ԪָȥΧǮҰ֮ڵǸ޷ѡǮȻ֪һУֶҶ˵ھͷɡ
ҶȴżҡҡͷüǽЩƸȫȡɣҲӲȥڹǮңЩƸ϶ҵһصĵطǾ͵ǽеĲƱһȡȻԪΧȫɻ񣬵ʱٶҲ١
첻òҶ׵뷨һǮҾǽеĲƱ͸Ҷˣǻһ㶼֪
ʵҲȷҶԤϵʱǮڽܹĵĲƱ뿪ǮңǮڲȷкüͨͨ棬ЩͨʮﳤǱԪİΧȦСˣǻԪİΧ֮С


ʮ ޶Ʊ
Ҷ׾ͶԲ˵͸˵һʱǣúҪʲô
æǰ˵ǮѾӦһʱ䣬Ҹ㲻Ҫʲôú
ǮһʼǺܸˣĻоȴеֵֹģôҶ׵ĻָҲûж룬ΪʱæʱҪǮеĲƱ˳ȥ
ֻ֪˳ȥĲƱܿ䵽Ԫһû٣һװ룬ԪôһһĸˣҶ׵õϢ֮ҲǺܸ˵ĵͷֱ֮ͨûвƱˣҶžǮҡ
峤ˣǿԶˡҶ׶Բ˵
һϾ˷ܵؽеϷ򶼵Ȳˡ˵ͷɵ˳¥ϷǮͺȵϼһ㻹ͦˣѽȻ͵͵Ʊ˳ȥ
ǮΪԼܹˣû뵽ʱȴ˵ܣǮҲǴһϾ˵˵ʲô˭ҪʲôƱҵĲƱǮҡ
ǮȻܳԼѾƱתˣΪûߣǲȴЦҪĻԪôץһһĲƱΪСƭͰȥˣ˷ԲķΧЩƱһû˳ȥȫˡ
˵ⷬʱǮֱǲԼĶ䣬Ĳ߻ļıȻǱҶ׸ʶˣôĲƱȻҶ׸ˣǮֱûˣܻϼһﻹҵĲƱ
һҪǮҪļһ˵ǮıҪҪѽϷͳȫ㡣
˵ղűǹʹ˹Ǯܻʱ򣬵ȻҲϾͳȥһ󵶣Ͳɱˣ˶ǰ벽ʥߣʵҲ൱һս֮£ѷֳʤڰ֮мսһʱ䣬ѷָ£ҶҲżǵսսȻѾûʲôɱԣǶǵĹʽͦõģϾλһٶˣսԶԶҪҶ׷ḻرǹʽ;飬ҶҲܴмõһЩʾ
ʱԪҲˣ㼸ٳĲƱе㲻ţһĲƸô࣬صҶ׵߾æ˵͵ܣһջķѽ
Ҷ׼ʵõ˶ٲƱǮǮ˼ˣ϶Ӧò١
ԪͷҵĹƣڵĳ𣬻аǧöʮöƱҲǲиҩкüԵֵһ۹ĲƸˣ治֪ǮôôǮ
ҶҲǴһССһ۹壬ȻӵôĲƱֲýǮңǮѽôĲƱڶˣҶ׾ЦЩƸӵ˶ԿҵıǮˣúõĽǶ⣬ǿǵľʵ
Ƹͱ˾ӵľˣǱ߲ǮսԪ͵͵ܣǮͲʵ൱ȥҲ֪ʱܹҰһѰɡ
ҶҲǿ֣ѾˣҲ뵢ʱ䣬͵ͷͳְһѰɡ
ԪϾʹϼ֣׼ڴսǮһֻƼֱǮǮںͲ켤սȻоΣյϢϾƶҪ㿪֪ԪһƶͬҲƶ޲Ĵؿڡ
ǮϾ䵽˳¥֮ϣܴѾսУҲʧȥսˣſǮϵ֪ԪڰˣæԪ˵лԪˣϷһʱûа취ˡ
ԪҲǵͷϾǮЩǮҵ˼涼ˣﻹ˼սͶ㵽ȥˣܿͼײǮʵʱǮѾûʲôֵǮĶֻˣǮҵҲûκεĵֿȫΪ˷²
ռǮ֮һĿˣҶײûеȴֱӻӱҽʱ򣬼ѾЩˣûмˣȴʱЩŵϾɢˣ˭Һʹս
ҲֻӶѣ˵Ҷ׹ŵϾʹӺ͵͵ˣҶ׽ҵʱҲûκεĵֿҲ֮ڻ˺ܴĲƸ
ռ֮۹ȫҶ׵ĿˣҶ׽õĲƸ󲿷ֶָ˻ʳΧͨգҲһƾٰɣյõʵʵڵĺôȻӵҶס
ռ۹ҶϾֽ۹뵽۹İͼˣ۹Ҳͳ۹һ۹İͼԶԶΧκһ۹½֮Ҳһ൱ǿĵ۹ˡ
Ҷ׾ͶԪˣһӴĵ۹ԼרʵԸϺ衣
ҶҲûз۹Ǽ۹ҶԪȻҲˣҪҶ׵İȫʵԪ벻ҶףһҶײߵĻԪʱ͸оԼһˡ
Ҷ֮ѡ۹ΪǬҪԸҶףǬܹ𵽺ܴõģΪȷԼ֮һսʤϺ裬ҳϺ֮⣬˭֪һ᲻ɳĸǰĸֵĻǾ͸ѶԸˣҪǬУؼʱһưɡ
ҶרʱˣһҲľʶҵӽ
ӽĵҶ׻ЩģΪ˻ӽ۹Ȼ֮⣬ŷҲ۹ֻǻûмѡ
ӽҲǰҶһϵѣֻǺϵӽǸʱҪҶװɱҵˣΪɨϰҲǻðɡ
ֻڵҶѾǰҶˣӽȻҲһ㣬˵Ǹ߳ƵȻǵպһҶ׵ʱҲǾˣ׹ʱ򣬵һʱǰݻҶˡ
Ҷ׵ɱҪǿ̫ˣӽҲһѣǬĽɫҶȴƿ۹֮ʵǴﵽ˾˵ĵز˵Ѿܹܰ벽ʥ۷弶ӽȻǸҵ
Ҫ֪Ҷ׵ʵѾﵽܹʥһսļ϶ᾪһǿӽȻҪǰͽˣǰҲ˵Ҷ׶ҪͽڷֵͽҶˣҪҶװԼԼļܹõ档


ʮ ӽͶ
Ҳһܺ࿹Ĵ壬ҶȻҲСңҺұǶͷȻϲôǰȴҲǻá
ҶȻҲҪԼԸңǹͬĵˣ˹ͬĵˣǾˣ˵ӽҪԼҶȻǳˡ
ӽҶ֮Ҳûǰָ߸ϵĸоˣҶǸ߸ˣҶȻû֣ǶԴӽȻǺղͬˡ
ӽҶӽæͶҶݹһ㲻ȫĵط
Ҷ֪Լݲͬˣ͵ͷ΢΢ЦˣͲҪôˣһμҲȥ˺ܳʱ䣬һû뵽һɣ
ӽû뵽Ҷ׻ΪɸҶ׵񶼷ǳΣգЩּҪҶ׵ӽûҶܻŻû뵽ķʽ
ӽæҶʵǿ󣬸֮ͳ˧Ѿ޷ˣһܺҶ½һֺϵ֪ԸԸ¼
ӽȻҪ̽һҶ׵ĿڷˣΪҶѾǰǸҶˡ
Ҷ׶ӻֵɣǱˣȻû⣬Ӷ壬Ӵ󲿷ҲӶǺ赺ϣҲ֪ҶԸңȻҲ뽫ҸϳΧĻǾͻһ⣬ģҵģҪ˵źãĻ׻ġ
ҶҲֱӽˣҺǾ˭ϴɣܲ˶ϴҶѾǰҶˡ
ӽȻףܺҶȣǴʵϻǴ϶ûа취ȣҪҶ׺ǾҪָˣҶ׾Ҳϴ
ҪӽֻΪҵĻδؾԸӦΪҲҵҪҵõλĻǾͱҪõҶ׵ֲ֧ˣΪԼڼ棬ӽֻܴӦҶ׵Ҫ
ӽæԸҶİţԺҶµĴ硣
ӽ˵ڣҲǵһˣڴ½Ȼ㲻һ壬Ҳһǳǿκһ۹ҲǱȵ۹ĹӵֻǽһҪˣͲòСˡ
Ҷ׼Ӧˣ˵ǺãͬϴҲͲˣҪҵҲȻһõλ˫Ӯǲġ
ӽʲôҶһ˭Կ飬ӽľȻᣬĻҲ˵ӽȥˣӽæ˵ֻҪܰһõλԺõ̳и׵λãӽԸΪǰ䡣
ӽҲǻȥˣҶܹˣܽҶŪʧأϺ趼ǱˣҼܣǿߣܲǿߵҲоʲô˵ġ
õӽһ֣ҶҲǺ⣬ȻҲӽԪͲһˣԪֵܣӽֻǺйͬˣʧҲͽûκεĹϵˣҶ׶һ㿴ĵȻǳס
Ҷ׻ӽȴԲӽҪӽؼʱ᲻ʲô¨ӣνĺ֮ĲУ֮Ĳޡ
ӽҶ̸֮ҲûǣΪݲͬˣӽȻǲϣԼһҶ׵ߣǻصԼҼĺá
ҶҲûߣҶҲ̫ӽֻҪҪʱһˡ
ȥϢִһŲҶֻֻصλʲôˡ
֮ڵһӣ߻λӣһ緢Ӧһĵӡ
˼Ҷ֮Ͼݵŷ
ŷˣҶҲ΢΢һϾŷ۹Ҳкܶ⣬ŷһ̵Ĵ壬Ǳ˵ҺҶŷĶ֡
Ҷæŷ˰ɣ
ŷæŷҪ۹ܱߵ۹Ӫż⣬Ӣ۸ңҸϳ۹СصǰأϷƷ鵤һöףԸʵΪһǿߡ
Ҷ񼶵ĵҩҲһԾڶûмʶ񼶵鵤۹۹ûҵһöŷһóһöĵҩŷȻǮѽĵҩõóһҪ͸Լ
񼶵ĵҩϡ䱦һĵ۹ûУֻЩĴ֮ڲУΪ࣬ʹǷƷ鵤Ҳ޷ֵģ˵һöƷҩֵܵϰö⻹мУ㻹һŪõ
ŷһԼ鵤ҶȻҲ֪ݺôյģ˵ŷó鵤͸ңʲôѽȻϲıҪҰ첻ҪҲѽ
ŷæЦˣһֻܹʶһ£ŷ۹Χĵ۹кܶ⣬Ҳϣܹõ֧֣Ժܹŷｫȥ²󡣡
Ҷһ룬ŷǵԼⱻˣҲеģҲǸԼŷԼֲʲôرĹϵǵȻҲĻԾȡ⡣
Ҷ׾͸ûκεѹֻҪͷˣҶȻӦõæȻŷʢ飬ǱҲˣԺŷҵ۹֮ڵ⣬ֻҪΥ谭۹չҶֵ֧ġ
Ҷ⻰Ҳ˵ıȽϿף˵ˣԣǲΥܶԵ۹ĻҲҪֵģҶȻǡ
ŷҶ״ӦˣȻˣæлȫŷһģֻڵ۹չġ
Ҷ׵ͷǾͺãȻˣһԸɣҲŷڵ۹֮ڵһЩ⣬͸ҽɡ
Ҷ׼˼ϴˣȻҲҪһЩ˼ҳԸҲǱȻģҲŷϤϤԺԼҲһˡ
ŷæлҶףҶֽԪҲһȾˣҶע⵽ŷʵףǻʾ۷壬ʵһѾǷǳ˲ˣߵʵҲǿѾﵽ˰벽ʥ߼


ʮ ڶ
¶ǰ벽ʥ߼Ҳ˵ŷŷĵλͣҲ˵ŷʵͬǿҶ׾ŷǼ⣬ŷǰֻҪܹ׬ǮǼûһ󣬱Ǯׯ۹ҲǮׯǱŷǮׯǾС׼ˡ
һ۹ǿʢȻҪзٵľãչЩþҪŷ̼ҾӪҶȻҲΪʲôҪŷϤԭ
ŷͬҲŷһŷһǳͳϮƼ壬ǼȻǳӴ󣬿峤ļ̳˴ǱָõģϵĵûκεĻᣬŷ峤ŷĸףŷͳΪŷΨһϷļ̳ˣΪǼ峤Ψһá
ҲΪһþó񼶵ĵҩԭ򣬶ŷ֮۹⣬ҲȫΪ׵Ҫŷ峤ϣδ峤ҪúõĶһ£ȻҪײһЩļ⣬ܹϤ⡣
ŷҲǷǳ˵ãļһü֮Щ˵лȫͣŷҲΪŷҫ۵
ȻЩŷǲҶ˵ģֻǺҶһЩϵ飬ҼǿҶ֮ĺ˫̸ʢ
ŷ֮Ҷ׾ԪŷϢ˽һЩ⣬ҪԸҡ
Ҷ״չʱĵ۹ϺĸۡϺȫҪڵһȥʩչ˺ְ취Ҳû֮ܽϳ
ϺǳĳԾΪѾǷǳǿˣǾȻ޷ڵͺСѵһ֮ǿ
Ϻ֪һλʥ۷ǿߵ꣬ͲԾˡ
ϺһͿʼΪƣһ¹ȥˣûκεİ취ʧҲֻܵȵ֮ſ᲻ʧˡ
ƵͬʱֵõһõϢ۹鳤ϴҴҸϺˣΪǬȵģһǱ;ֹȫͬˡ
ϺĵһϾ͹ڵأеˣ²ˣСץˡ
Ϻһȵô£
æ÷ֵҶͯԪľӹȥңҪҸϳ۹ҺҶ֣ͯû뵽ǾҪɹʱҶͯͳˣһ־ͽҺͻˣǶ˸ͲĶ֣ϷϻˣҲץסˣϷֻƴ˱棬ϣܹ
ϺһӣϵĲ豭Ͼͱķ飬ȵҶ̫ͯȻֶҶ֣ϷһҪֽɱˡ
˵ʵСӻ˵ʲôûУû֮ǣ
æСֻץûжô˵˲ңӦòʲôΣա
С뽫ҶĵˣʱҪвϷʵ̫ɺˡ
ϺҲµҶ׵˼ѾҶ׵ĵˣϺ޲ھȥ۹ûнڱ˵һȥҶףܾͱǵ֮ɱˡ
ϺΪѣԼҲ֪ǺãҵĴʥߣҲҶŪǺް취ҲǴ֮ˣʱû˵Ϻ迴ϵƣ˵ҲˣȥҩȡЩҩ˰ɡ
æлϺ裬߸˵ľȥˣǱסԼСûϺͷҪϺ跢ŭˣһˡ
Ϻڷⲽ֪ԼǲǸó֣ͷԼĶӣܲѽֻܹһͷһ뵽ϺͶҶ׺޵޲ó
Ϻ޼ƿʩʱȴˣˡ
ˣϺҲǳԾɲǱˣĶܣĴʥߺɿݹ֮еĵڶλɵĵϺԲʲô£Ϊ֮Ĺϵͺܲ֮໥Ϊ峤λãֵΡ
Ϻһˣ֪ûʲô£϶˵Լʱ䱻Ҷ׸Ǳ飬ЦˣϺ赱Ȼ뱻ЦϺô˵ҲɵĴ磬˳λǸѵĽӰˡ
ֻϺҲǼ򵥵ȾʵϺЩ滹Ϻ裬繥ٶȣͬϺ츳ûɺãΪżȻ֮ؾ֮еõ·ӡһǿʵɵĶ֡
һɵͷԣͷҪϺӵĴڼҵϾͿԿȻϺΧĴʥ֮ģɵΧȴõģȻûϺôķΧǶһЩǳĵ۹ɵҲƿЩ۹ÿ괴ĲƸϺĸӡ
Ϻĸ֮Ӷ⣬Ǿ͸ûа취ˣΪ峤ĳӣϺҿҲѵûһ㡣
Ϻɫõʱһӻ߽ķ䣬ӺϺ賤ĺֻ͸һ㣬˫۾һ㣬һֽթ񣬿ҪϺӽƻһЩ
ɼϺϾЦ˵磬þòѽþ˳ˣĿɺã
Ϻ費ÿǵı֪֪еˣϺҲֻÿ绹ãôп
ЦһȥҶӲһǵļλСѽܽǵһҲӦΪҸ˰ɡ
ϺƤЦⲻЦ֪ԼǰҫԼĶӣ֮Ķȴʲôӡ
ϺҲûжŭֻǵͷܵλӸ˲ѽȻܹһ㡣
ɼϺ軹ǲɫﰵ㻹ǳסҵҪܳסʲôʱ
ɺȻʵļλΣ˵ĵ۹Ǻ̫ƽûʲô鷳ҪҪܰæҪҪĻֻҪ˵һܵǼСһҲڣ׾ܰæġ
ϺЦˣҵļһжãͷˡ
ȴ˵𣿴绹˵ʵ𣿶ܿ·Ͼ˵һЩ飬ֶǬǱһҶͯץˣҴֶҲǰЩӱ˰ܣˣЩѵǴ𣿡Ϻ̲סŭ𣬾ͺȵɣ㲻ҵЦҵļ鷳кʲôϵܴҵ飬ûʲô߰ɣҪϢˡ


ʮ թ
ɼϺŭˣǺٺһЦαֻ˵ѣЩϢҲΪֶѽΪҪ˵Цģԩˡ
ϺЦԩ㣬Լ˭ƽʱҶˣˣ˵㲻Цʲô
ɼ˵ҲͲװˣЦȻ˵ǶҲûʲô˵ˣ黹ĺйأļλӱҶͯץǵĵ۹ҲҶͯƣѾңҵĳϻ͸׶֪˴£رǸףǷǳ˵ôǿ߾ȻԸһССˣӦ֪׵ƢҪǷƢǼ˭Բ
Ϻ˸׵ĻҲɫһ䣬峤ĻܲұҪȫӣһȷǸ׶ˣϺ˵ȻȥģͲˡ
æͷҪֻĻȻ˵ЩҲ˵ʲôѵҾôϲһҪ񣬺ʹйء
ϺϾ͸ое㲻ˣ޷ֵģϻһ㶼׹飬һȴ˵йأ²ʲôˡ
Ϻæʲô˼ҵʲôϵ
Ц֪粻Ҳ飬ҲȲѣ˸׺ͳϻǰҶͯͼλֶ飬һҪԳ֣ԸҶͯǸ׺ͳϻҲûа취Υ
Ϻһ⻰ըˣҵֲ֣ȥȥҵǰ֡
ϺľɣԼ飬ϺȻǲӦˣȴŲæҪǲԸĻҲԣȥ׺ͳϻ˵ɣǳҶҲͲ÷Ĺˣǳֺõ飬˭ء
Ϻ豻ɵĻϾѹȥˣҲ޷Ʒ׺ͳϻľ֪һθ׿϶ˣҪȻĵܴܵ顣
ҲǳĵģΪĻ˵׶ѾʧȥˣŻö飬ڼ̳峤֮λϺ˵һõϢ
Ϻ첻˵ɿЦ磬ҲҪʵˣҲкôǣһֶԸҶͯһ˸ǿɡ
Ϻߵֻҡ
ȴûöʧѽҲйģھͽλֶ˵˵ɣҶͯ飬Ҳðıߡ
Ϻȴһֵˣ֪ĻԼȥ飬ûʲô˵ģҵĶԻȳʲôҹܲˣǲҪҡ
ϺҲ֣֪ɶҵģôҪİĻǻ峤λڶϺвľˡ
ɺҲԤһ㣬΢΢һЦȻ粻Ը˵ǶܾˣҲмλЩ黹Ǻ׵ģȻԸ֣ǶҪʲôжĻҲûа취ˣҪԺʲô飬ɲҪ˵ûǰ㡣
Ϻһ˻Ͼ˵Ҿ㣬òҪңҪҼӲҶǲĻҸûꡣ
Ϻ֪ҵģȻҪһȴûнľ浱£һЦ磬㲻ԸҲˣҶĶӲڶҵҿȥ泤ϻ͸ףô˵Ҳվһߵİɡ
óϻ峤ѹϺ裬ϺȴҲûжٰ취Ǻް취Ϻֻ˵ҼǺˣҷҼвΪһˡ
ҲʾˣϾͷ磬ڿ˵Ҫ˺ĶӣȻ˵һὫĻϻģһ䣬һ仰˵ĺãŲһ򣬾һҪս֮УļӲʲôΣգߺߣҲֻˣҪҵͷϣ˭޷Ԥϵ飬˭㲻Ը֡
ϺһӾվָ밵жҶǲǣԿҶҶһëĻһҪ
ȴæ˺󼸲ܿϺķâȻЦαţֻǴȷѣԼȥӶû취֤һᰲȫľȻǰɣҪȻôĴϻˣڶûа취⿪
Ϻɼôˣ˵ǽܵŻˣܸһϢɣҪ㽫ֶ͵˼ҵߣҪΪֶˣ绹ǸϽֶͳȥɣⵢƵơ
ϺһϢȥҲЩԥԼȥ𣿸׿϶ҪԼֻ˻ȥˣԼҪ취Ǭ
һὫ͵ȥģҶ֮һȥ۹ץǸҶͯȥȥ飬ҹܲˣòҪҵ顣
ǿɲ˵ֲ֣ҵİŸİȻ޷ͳһǶһĿģΪ˾ˣץǸҶͯѾе鶼˵ˣҪûʲôĻܾȸˣܾǰ۹ȥץҶͯӪֶ
ϺһҪ֣ȻǳԸһ𣬿Ҳûа취ΪǬİȫǾһϺ˵첻Уƻûлָһǳǿ֮ȥĻͻΣգҪڵ֮֮ж
Ϻ黹û˵Ҳ֪ɳһ֮ȴһϲæĻǲ֪ҪȵʲôʱˣҿСȥ̽һҶͯµ֮ҲֻǶڴԣֻҪ粻ȥҲôԴڼУúõĵҵϢɡ
Ϻ赱ȻӦˣæֹУȥ˲ҲǴҶͯҪһˡ
ȴȻЦҲ̫С˰ɣ㻹ǵֶܹ֮ӵ𣿲Ҫ˵ѾôʱˣôԶľ룬СҪҲ飬ҪǵĵĻͲҪȥˣʱСܾ˵Լģ޹أȻ˵ֶӡ
ȻɵĻЩϺܹоһ֮ǿòԷһ׼ԲԼӵðա
ҲУҲǳСЦǲȥҲȥҪȸ׽κòСϺһھܾ


ʮ ϸ
ǾɣҲȥСӣҲҪȥ۹飬ȸϢ֮жܷ˰ɡ˵
Ϻ軹ǲģ˭֪᲻ȥϺæô֪᲻ᶯ֣
ߺߣǴҪһȥɣС֪˵ĻҪܶԸֶӣ¾ΣˡɺȻ˵
һʼϺһȥģΪ뿴ϺЦ֪ϵƣͲϺһˣΪжǵܾ֮ܲһԣһЧأǽϺĴӸ
ϺҲΪѣɼ˵͵ɣ
˵ɾ뿪Ϻķ䣬Ϻ迴Ӱҡҡͷ벻һͷһӵѰˡ
Ϻ軹ϾͷԸҹǰܲҪĽϵ֮ȥԼܾȥҶˡ
뿪ϺͻصԼסס֮ڣѾмȺˣ⼸λߵһδ֣˷ֱַ꣬磬˶Ƕϣʵȫڰ벽ʥ۷弶¡
λ֮еĴ磬ɻ֮ϾȥʵˣϺô˵ûдӦһǰ۹
ȴһ˵ҪһȥѵҪǵȥ˵Ҳֻȸ˵һѣѵǻΪҪȥæõĻᣬֻҪϺŪһ㣬Ϻڸ׵͸ûеλˣ峤λȻ϶ˡ
æЦ˵ǣϺӦҲԸһȥǲǷǳȥӵ飿
˵Ҿ͸ˣûпϺ˵ı飬֪Ҫȥӵ֮ĺ޲Ҫƴʲôгϻ͸׵ּ⣬ӦҲôӦһԼȥ飬һĵ̱ڻҪңĶӺߺߡ˵ҲЦ
ֵʲôʱ
һǾͶϺ軹ǰ۹ǾͲкֱȥ
˵컹ȥϺֻƭƭѣɲϺ赲Լг̡
ڶ죬ͱˣϺȴǰʱһֱ磬ûмɵӰӣϺһ֪Լϵˣɿ϶Լȥ۹
ҶͷȫõŷһŷƷ鵤ŷǳҪãŷȻƷЧȴǳĺãҶɱ¼鿴һöҩȻṩľֵ
Ȼոͻư벽ʥ߼ҪͻƵʥ߼𣬾ҪǧľֵǧľֵѵõǰЩƷ鵤ûͻ֮ǰһżƷ鵤ṩʮľֵҪǳһͬļƷ鵤ʮֵûС
һŷṩľֵȷоǳĳԾͬҲܿ񵤵۹ûҵһöȼ鵤жͿ֪ˡ
Ȼľֵǧ˵Զȴڰ벽ʥ߼кܴѾͻƵ˰벽ʥߴɣȻֻǰ벽ʥ߼СͻƣǺû̷鵤֮ǰǾȫһˣʵһ
Ҳ֪Լ״ﵽʲôʵֻеϺ˲֪ˣϣԼʵ
ҶȫʱҲ۹ɲûϾͶҶײȡжǿʼĵĵ飬ҪҶеԪߵĴΪһɲǬģҪȡ۹۹Ϊɵĵ̡
۹Χӵĵ۹ڣֻҪܹҶ׵˻ܣӴԼͳΪĵˡ
ʱϺҲֻĿĵ̳Լˣ˭Ķء
֮ǰҪҶףԼӴ۹һǬʵֻΪԼĵŶѡ
ɵ۹֮ϾԼȥҶеȻ취е鷳
ʱڣɵ˾ͽҶ׺ԪĵϸˣҲףϾҶ
ǰɻ㱨˵ˣѾҶ׵ĵϸԪҪı۹ҲԭԪ۹ˣ۹ֻʮ۹ԭʵĲ£Щ˲ΪǣûʲôսҪԸĻԪµʮǵǿӶ۹ҶףǲҺң嶼а벽ʥߣмӣҲҪС£ЩҶ׵ʵҵ鱨Ҷ׵ʵӦﵽʥ߼𣬷Ļûа취кܶǿҲǳĲ
ʥ߼𣬶ʮͷСҲȷ̬ģ治֪ǴðģǴðģɳģ͵ùԹԵĸ뿪ɵЦ
ȴЩѵ˲ɱҶͯɶкܴв
ȴҡҡͷʶ˰ɣ˭Ҷͯѽ
æȻϺˡ
ɵͷǾͶˣɱҶͯĻ˵ĲǲϺ˵ġ
æɱôܶȡ۹Ҷͯ϶ǲưոݵġ
ЦƣҶͯϺĻƴϺĵľԼǬСǰҶ׵ĸۡǬСˣ˵ҶɱǬϺ軹ҪҶƴˣʱ˻ƴﻹй飬ǿԳ룬ȡ۹Ǽɱȥһ̵ܹĺô
ĶƲߣҲͷ˹Ȼ㣬ļƲ߶뵽Ϸ
ɵԺ鲻ܹ⿿ҪӲС
æھǱҶͯĸۡǬɱˣȻ޻ҶͯͷϣϺˡ
ȴҡҡͷڻУϺҺܲģѾһǬ֣ǸոǬĻϺ϶ǻǸɵģʱҪҧסǲŵĻǿɲǺ£ǻҪȵȣһû֣ȻٳְɱǬ޻ҶͯϺҶֵͯģûκεĹϵ
еѰˣϺĻºŰɡ


ʮ ðϺ
ȴԴ˵õģֻҪҶͯĸۡϺ軳Ҳû֤ݣֻҪ϶־УϺҶܹܾ֮ͯǾˣɱҶͯɱϺ裬˵ͬھˣ㲻ܾˣҶͯɱҲкôֱӾռ۹ϺҲֻĿˣ˭ûһ
ɶԼļıԽԽ⣬֮õӣյ˾ˣϺвҲ
ֵô죿
ЦҲȥҶͯˡ
ˣ㲻˵ǲɱôҪȥˡֲˡ
Ϻ˵һ֮֮ҶͯĻͿɱҺȥһԣǲ棬УߺߣСϺȻҶױУҲȥʶһҶͯı£ǲǴ˵еô
˵꣬ϾͶǾȥҶͯפأȥʶʶһϺʳѰˡ
ֲˣˣΪҪȥ㲻ֻʶʶҲûдӲƴһȥɣ
ҡҡͷӲˣǰȥôװȥǬݺܿͱ֣ȥĻٰϺ裬Ҷͯ϶ǻᣬʱҪܹǧ֮֮ɱĻҲˡ
ϣҶһˣиǰ
ҶҲһ֪Ϻǲ˵Ҫ֮ôˡ
ʦ˭Ҷʵ
ӦҵˣΪʦҲ֪ǵݣȥ֪ʵǿϺ裬ǲȷҪСˡ˵
ǾϺˣ˭ʵҳȥҶȥҲʵ˺ܴϺҲôˡ
Ҷ⣬ָ˼˵٣ֻЩԾǣ⼸˺ûмʲô飬һֱڸۡΧ
ͬʱɼҲڽ̸˵ˣǽȥֱСӰɡ
ȴҡͷôѾֻҪУŪ㶯С֪ˡ
ͷϾͳݺһƣһֱӽһ䷿ǽ̮˺ܴĺ䶯ȫˣе߷ɱ
Ҷ׼ﻹЩʣЩ˸Ҫ¶ԼݣǲǬ
ΪŪЩҶ׻ǾӺվ˳ֱӷɵ˼˵ǰȻҹҶ׻Ŀǡ
ֻǵȴסˣҶҲ޷ǵʵϿҵɣرмˣϺʵ̬ǳҶҲϺˡ
ҪΪɺϺֵܣĲ࣬ĻѷҶ׾˵Ϻ裬벻ôˣĻҪ¡Ͳϵ𣿡
һҶ׽ԼϺ裬ȻˣΪĿģɾʹЦҶѾȫб¾ʹ֮ܲãҿǬģ콫ҶĻݹҲˡ
Ҷһ⻰ҲǳԾѵʦ֮ûˣæ˵ʦ˵ܸӦ֮𣿡
ȴЦ˵˵Ϊʦ֮ΪʦԽҲûа취⿪ֻŻѣҸоӦòϺ裬ϵƺϺȫͬΪϺ·ӡһرϢûУðϺ裬㲻Ҫϵ
Ҷ׾ˣⲻϺ裬ΪҪðæʵʦΪʲôҪðϺ裬ѵʲôô
ڿðϺδؾڰϺԼǵԼĶΣգһðϺ裬Ȼ֪ϺĶϵƣ뺦Ϻ裬ԲɱĿҲʹﵽˣƲĲһϺʵ൱ҲҵˣӦþϺһֵܣ֮ϵǳãѾǶͷˣŻİ취ԸϺ衣
һܣҶҲˣһǸðƻֲǬǹŪôĶԼɱѽ⻹ɱǬ
Ҷ׵Ȼ˵һﵽ˭ɡ
ɺȵȻ㲻£Ҳûйϵڻɱӣȥɣ˵ǣھͶְɣǬҸбھͽȳȥ
⻰еɵˣһﵽô£Ȼ֣һҲ˵Ǭˣȥȡ
ɵȻǬͲǬץ۹ŻģһʱֻܽеСӣΪҪѵͲҾǬֽɱˡ
ҶȴǺ˵ҲҪû£бµĻɱңûбµĻһˡ
ɶ֪ôˣҪҶ״򣬿˵ѽϾͻָ򶨵ϷҪúøһˡ
֮Ҫ֣Ϊ뼤ŭҶף֮ҶײŻɱ˱𣬵ȻɲûɱҶףֻҪҶȥɱǬѡ
ҶʵĶ֣ΪҶʵǿϾܽϺŪǱڿҶףֻһոͻư벽ʥߴɵļһжı£ҲǲòСˡ
Աߵæˣ㲻˵ôҪ֣
ͲˣҪǲҪҪȻ뵽ɱǬҵĿҲʹﵽˡ
ɵĻͷ˵ǣԸһСһҪԶ֣Ǽܹ㶨ˡ
ɿ˿ˣǶǰ벽ʥ۷弶ӦܹȫʵҶ׵ģοǻˣɾ͵ͷǾϰɣסҪɱȥɱǬϺ𡣡
æ˷ģǻзִģԲɱ
ɵͷͶҶ˵ʵҽߵļλϺܴǵĻҾͻԳ֡
ʱȫҶ׵ԪҲˣԷҪҶ׽Ͼȥ˵͵ܲҪӲƴôɹΧǣǾ㱾ٴ󣬻ֵܵסǧĹ
Ԫߵĸֿɲ٣רѵһ֧ӢЩ˸ǻʾ۷弶еĹҲɱ벽ʥߣԪĶԸɵˡ
ҶȴҡҡͷģСܻӦ⼸˻СܵĶ֣ȿɣСܽ˵


ʮ һϰ
ԪҶ˵ﻹǲģҲû취ֻеĹӽɵΧסֻҪһ£Ͼͷ
Ҷ׳ɿһ۵⼸£ҲҵĶ֣αҪǳ򣬻ᶪ
ϹҲסˣʲôˣ벽ʥ۷弶ҶǶϣһܴﵽʥߵļ𣬶ˣ͵һʥߵʵҶ׾ȻûнǷǾһ޴衣
ϾŭСӣ̫ˣ֪֪ԼмＸҪѧ˵èĹΪԼ˲ˣǬϷǰҲһСѣץ㲻ʲô£ҪбµĻܹϷѾб£ͲҪԲѡ
ҶЦҴţǼҲǴѣҪȫܲǱ£ҲҪһһˣ̫鷳ˣһϰɣʡһҪ˷ʱ䡣
ɫˣ޲ϾѵҶףȴǺȻЦ˵ܹɱ¡ڻѺҲʥ߼𣬲ķܻʵж٣Ͳ֪ˣ컹뿴㵽жʵ
뿴ҵʵǻ񡣡ҶҲŵ
Ҳ̲סˣϾͽеСӣҿʲôı¡
˵ҲˣֱӾͻȭȥˣ깥Ҫ֣ȴסǣ˵곤ȥ̽̽ʵϣ곤ĵвٳ֣ºѷɡ
ҲǳţȻûͻʥߣǼʥҲûˣʵѾﵽͬһֻǲһûгǿԺʥһսԸҶȻǷǳаա
ȷһλǿߣһ֣ȭͷγһѸ͵ƣͬըһ㳯Ҷ׹ܹоһǿѹʵĶܱǿѹѹ꣬ûа취
޴ȭӰֱӺͬϮҶҲûܵĶҲ΢΢ԾѵҪסһȭҪ֪һȭڰ벽ʥ֮ڸûܹӵס
ұһŭǰľ޴ȭӰȻ͵ը൱ǿĹ˲ǿһֱ仯һȭĵطŶԷԹжϲ׼ֱӻɱԷ
ͻĹ仯겻֪˶ǿߣʥ߼ĸ֣һԸҶףҪ˵ǰúõıһ£һʹԼĴС
ĹΧҲǷǳ𾪣Ĺ仯Ǵûмģ޴ıըǿƻھҪҶֵܲܵסˡ
ЩˣҶҲû뵽Ȼ仯ȵըԷĹ˲ǿһҶҲǿһеҪ˵Ӧ÷ǳľţѾǴڹȥˣڵҶףʹԷͻȻѸ͵Ĺη壬һʮá
ĹھʵϣҶ׵Ķ֣ҶȫõĹ仯Ҷϻӳһƣֱͨڶ㣬ﵽȫԻꡣ
ֱͨӺǱѵ֮ϣֻԭǿĹһֱӸĵĳ˹ȥǱ깥û뵽ԷĻȻ˵ǿֱӽĹˡ
æȫֿǴʱҶһαͨƵһǿӰһǵֵסˣȫķҶȫ𣬶Ǳ޴ֱڰ֮зһ·
ɿĿɿڴҶ׾Ȼһƾͽɣæסٿ꣬ѾѪҲ쳣ʹ࣬óѾˡ
ɳԾ֮࣬Ҳ֪Լ̫͹Ҷ׵ʵˣܽϺŪǱǼ򵥵еԼ̫ˣȥ̽Ҷ׵ʵ
һҲ֪Ҷ׵ʵ鴫ˣǿѹסƣսȴҡҡͷ㲻Ҫȥˣ㲻Ķ֣˼ҲĶ֡
һλʥ߼ĸ֣ȻܿոһеǾһʥ߲ܴﵽʵһһʥ߼Ϻܲǿ߲ܴʵһ϶Ҷ׵Ķ֡
Ҳ֪֮ոһսѾףҶױҪǿ̫ˣǸͲĶ֡
ɡ˵
ɾ̾Ҷ׵ʵҶ׸ӸȤˣ֪Ҷ׵ʵ֮ûеģǸӵĸˣΪ֪Ҷ׵ʵ¾ϺҲҪͷˣĻϺҶ׼ƴؽһ֮սȻϣ൱Ϊֻܹγܾ˵ľ棬Ϳ̵ˡ
֮Ҫ֣뿴Ҷ׵жǿֻ֪֪ˣܰսʤԺҪҶսȻҪĵϸС
ǰҶͯʵˣñҲǷǳĳԾܹҵ곤ϣҲﵽʥ߼ɣֻľȻֻǰ벽ʥߣѵ㻹Խƴ𣿡
ҶЦôѵʲôֵʵֲǵеʱҪ츳˵ġ
Ҳǵͷ˵һ㶼ʵкܶҪվǾ磬ȻܹԽƴǾҲʵﲻҪĵز곤ͻʥߵĻ˭˭Ӯ˵
ҶȴŵͲˣȻӮ㣬ҾͲ֪ˣֻд֪ܲӮ㡣
Ȼ˵ܹӮңЦûͻʥߣԶ֪ʥжôǿ
ɵЦҶе㲻ˬԼֵǾʥߵжǿɡ
˵ҶȻɷҶ׺е飬ŽɵЦǳĲˬһǿߣҶײ
һϮҲæмܣû̫⣬Ҷ׵ѾʶȻǿǺǲ˲٣ֱӾͺҶ׶ͬһ˫ģھǸʮ׵ķΧըϾͷֳ˸ߵ͡
˭ǿ˭ռϷ磬һ֮£Ͼ͸оԣԼȻǱҶ׸˻ǿʱѾˣ˲ɵĹֻܱ˵Ľ
ǿĹɵˣһֱ˵ʮ֮վס԰벽ʥߵľĹһʮ׿⡣
ոһҪԶԶǰԿһϣҲǳԾҶѵܹӳǿĹѵոջ궼ʵ


ʮһ 鵤
ҶҲ˺˼ףûôǱһαӦ˵ҶʤһɵսҲĿɿڴǵ˶˿ˣοǣҲ̹ˣϾҶ׵ʵҪǿܶࡣ
ǾҶ׻˵Ķ֣һ˴˶ѣ֮࣬ҲϾͽҶ׸߿һˣһʼҶ׵һֵĶ֣ѾҶ׵һʵĵˡ
ô֪ܲܺʥߴܰɣʥߺҲôеССʧѽҶ׺ٺЦ
ɫеѿæСӲҪ⣬ոʧˣҹ𣿡
Ϊʥ߻ĺ𣿡Ҷ˵ž˫ֲҪܵӡ
ãһٶһƣһĻϾ˳ȥ͵Ϯ㡣ɫ˵
ȻҪ˻ȥѵץҲ̫ˣвУҿԴӦһƣûСҶ״е
ޱ˵Ǻã˵Ҫʲô
ҶʵҲûãϼһϿ϶вٵıñһģæǾ͸óһ˭Ҫ˵Ļǵı͹˭ô
ȴǹЦϵıܱȵıʲôȼҵıʲôȼ
ҶȴҲƵͿˣ㿴ʲôȼҶ׽һɽ֮ȡڰ֮γһֻɫĴ룬Ҷ״Ľϼ롣
ϼĵȼɲͣ챦׵ķҲǼƷɵȻʶۼʶʩչϼ룬˵ѹʥ߼ǿߡ
Ҷóϼ룬ɵȻˣҪǵõϼ룬ʵмϼɲҵıԼķҵĴʥ߶ûлõ
ɵͷϼϵķȼǺܸߣҴӦˡҶȴҶóԼıҲӦóıɣҲҪϼһĵȼУĻľҲӦ
ЦģȻϼǺñϷҲвٵıھȡһ㿴ɸҪȡҶȴæȵȣڶ౦ûʲôȤˣϵıѾģҪõϼ룬鵤ɣϼѹʥ߼ǿߣҪóʥ߼ĵҩǾǴﵽ񼶵鵤ҪõóǾʹģҪòǾˡ
Ҷ׿ɲҪʲôϵķܶıڶûʱҪĻ鵤رǷ񼶵鵤һδŷõһöƷ鵤ľֵڼı
Ҷ֪Ǵ壬鵤ӦеģֻҪûУҲҵĴʥߣӦҲǿ鵤ֻûоͲ֪ˡ
ҶҲֻһԣûеĻǾˣûʲôʧ෴ŶǷǳҪԼĽϼģѹʥ߼ķɵȻҪ
Ҷ׵Ļ֮ȴǵͷһöƷҩ͸ġ
Ҷױ֮в뵽û뵽ôɣȻУǾͺðˣҶһһҪʤܵõö鵤
ҪҲǲ׵飬ǿ׼Ҷ׻ϣģҶ׾æȻз񼶵鵤ǾȰɣҪķ鵤óĻ˵ƾһòǰæˡ
ɴЦļһ˵ھ㿴񼶵鵤¶ûмɡ
˵еģ񼶵ĵҩܵõģҲֻ˲ӵз񼶵ĵҩҾҲֻöѣҶǷ񼶵ƷҩؼʱǲãΪ⼸öҩͻƾʱõģһöǼֵǡ
ҶȴЦųһŷ񼶵鵤ȷǲҲٵĹҲʲôϡ֮
һ˵ȴţҶ˵Ҳûа취֤Ҳ֪ΪҪǽϼ鵤
ȡԼķ񼶵ҩָ֮У񼶵ҩһóͿָ֮һŨɫͨɫͬͨյǵİɫϵȻһɫڰ֮Ʈݡ
ɫ鵤ʲô鵤ҶҲǵһμ鵤Ȼʶһö鵤ǺһöЩõ鵤ǰɫӵŨѣһöȴɫġ
ҶȻţһʦѽҶæ˵ʦ㿴ϵöҩǲǷ񼶵ĵҩҪǵĻʲô鵤
ͷȷһö񼶵ҩһһöƷ֮еȼ鵤ǰõĵҩҪãɫɫģҪĹЧΪͻƾ磬һ鵤мôģҪôˣҪôʵõĵҩǰؼʱͻƾ磬鵤鵤֮еļƷһö鵤һöƷҩҪǵõˣʤǰõķ񼶵ҩЧ
ĹЧͻʱļƷ鵤Ҷ붼ˣõıһҪŪ֣Ҷ϶˵鵤ȼȷǷ񼶵ҩǿԽдˡ
ɽǵҩ֮󣬾͵ǺãǾһƶʤ˭˭͹ԹԵȡԼıܷڡ
ҶЦһ㷴ڣҪһԼС
ʲôԼϾʵ
ǽǶ˵ıﶼ֮Ͽգ֮ľȫͬĻ˭ҪǱԷɳȥĻ˭ûʱЩˣȻͿԹƽˣô
Ҷһ취ҲΪ˷ֹɳΪɷڵĻҲûа취Ͼɵʵǿ᷶Χ֮ڣĵõ
˵ҲûκεķԣԼܹҶ׻ˣĻ˳˳ĵõϼ룬ǲܱҶ׻ɵġ
ɾ͵ͷҴӦ㣬ǾͽԵıĿУ˭Ӯ˭ȥȡ
Ƚ鵤ȥҽҵĽϼҲȥҶ˵
һˣʲôɡɷǳŵĽ鵤֮У鵤ƣҶҲʱȡء
Ҷ׼ɽ鵤ڰ֮Уһ֮ڿţҲżϼҲ鵤Աߣﶼǵͷڿ˭бµõˡ
ɣھʹսһɾ־ҪҶҲ׼ɱȻҪͨƣҲ֪Լֻܲܽܡ
ʦҵܻ֣ͨܲܶҶҲûף
ȴҡҡͷڵʵܽˣõĽ൱ˡ


ʮ ̵Ĺ
Ҷ׶ʱʧȥģĻûа취õ鵤ԼĽϼܶҪˣҶæһʵڲеĻھͿʼɡ
ȴҲҪģȻʦ˵ڵʵܻϷĻ㻹ǿսʤġ
ϵķ˵һڱȵɲǱȷзҲѽҶ׸æ˵
֪ˣϵһһرĹܣ㻹֪ǰΪʦҲû㣬ΪʵﲻͷʵͻƵʥ߼𣬾ͿԼ֮еͿ֮յ֣ʵȻҪһˣһӦûʲô⡣
ҶԽԽ˷ܣϷı£Ĳ֪Ҷ׸˵ʦ˵ʲôҲϡ
ϵ̣һ·϶ձ˵ϵյ֪ڵȥѾΪһǿ԰˷ǿĹֻ̫ǿҪʥʵĶֲܿƣΪʦǰҲûи㣬Ѿﵽʥ߼𣬾Ϳˣڻʱʦ㿪ģֻܺսǡЦ
Ҷϲ̻һǿĹܣǻμķѽǺһķһҺԼõԼõôĺô
̵Ҷ׾ͲˣıٴԼյҲСԶԸˡ
ʦͰҿҪһսˡҶ˵
Ҷɵǰеϼһڿʼɡ
ɴʱѾ׼£ſ֮УһɫĻںȼգⲢĻ棬һǿγɵģһ׻ʽɵƷɵ棬ǳĿ¡
Ҷ׼ƵĻ֮Ҳ΢΢ɫ֪ʲôƷǴϾ֪Ʒжǿˣ֧ҲͲˡ
С׼ˣ㳢ҵĻɵɡɺȻĳǵɫ͵ĳҶֱӾͳ嵽Ҷ׵ǰǻǰѾҶ׸оһǿȣͬҪһ㡣
Ҷ׸æȫһƣֱͨӴﵽ˵㣬ҶܷӳͨˣͨҲǿһӾ͵ס˶ԷĻ湥ƣǺɫĻֱӵֵ˼׿⡣
ֻҶ׻ܹоԷǿ󣬾޴ҶҲǵһθоԼе֧ţҺʵǿӲҲܼȥ
ɿʥ߼ʵϺ裬һҲȫǾȻûнҶ׻ܣɸо˼飬ܻܸСӰɣвʣϾٴμǿǺɫĻҶף޴Ļֱӳ嵽Ҷ׵ǰҶ׶ʱ͸оһɾ޴ѹ嶼Щֲ֧סڲһЩѪҵϾͿʼסѪҶһֵܹסֵĿ񹥡
СӣȻֵܵסҵĻɣѽٹ꣬ҶĶˣ㻹ǲһЩҵǿɡɺȻͬʱĳһɫĻ泯ҶڵͬǿĻ湥ҶףҶױԸһѾǳˣڱ͸ˡ
ʦеֲסˣˡҶϾ͸оԷʩӸѹ̫ˣ˫ѾЩˣɵĹȻǷǳĿ£ͨҲ޷ˡ
ʦˣ̿һҶ׺Ȼ͸оԼעһǿ֮Դֱӳ嵽ȫһӾȫȫͱһƵģһСһӾͱһʿҲһӾͱǿ˺ܶ࣬湥ȫͿԵֵסˡ
仯ͬҲоˣΪҶϾͰˣΪҲֲ˶ãû뵽ֻƬʱ䣬ǱһƵģһӾͱĸǿԼȫֵסһƣ޷⡣
⻹ֻǿʼҶ׾˵С׼ˣոֻҪ֮УҪȥɲ£ĻԼ嶼Բ
Ҷæ֪ˣʦķͷɣұ֤ȫļȥ
һκȵҶ׾͸оһǿֱ֮ӳ嵽֣Ҷ붼û룬ȫ˳ȥͼһ̩ɽѹĿͷŶɫֱӾͱµ˳ȥֱӳ嵽˺ħɵϣɻ𾪵ʱѾҶ׵ֱӴɣһͷɳ˰֮⡣
ҶˣϾͳ嵽˰֮н鵤ͽϼ뻳УŻصԭؿɵҲɲԼ鵤鵤ƣ׾ջء
ڱҶ뻳ˣûа취ȡرˣֻʱҲû˼ȥձˣΪȻˣƲᣬոһսҶ׵ͨƼǳԽܳܵļޣɷɳ׿⣬ȻֱͣǱ˽סͣˡ
֮ͣϾʶԼЩˣڲһľʹͬʱһζӺҪ֪ʲôæȫѹƣѪӲĸ˻ȥ˻޷ˣȻǺصˣѾɵˡ
ԼȻҶ׻ˣţΧе˶ţʵˣ˫۳˲˼վȿҶףȴûȥԼ鵤
ΪõϢ鵤𾪣ҶͯʵȻôǿԼһһεĵ͹ˣϾ͸ҶͯʵԽǿǶϺ˵вˣǲҶӲӲģҪҶ׺Ϻһս
뵽ɵźһЩʱʶԼˣԼıҲҶȥȻǳĲǻѾ˵ȥˣҪ䣬뷴ڣҪҶ׵Լ鵤Ҳһ׵飬㲻ԼҪˡ
Ҷ׿վ￴Լ˵ˣı͹ˣĻҲûйϵֻҪ£ֲ¶˵Ļ͹ɡ
ɺȻЦҶͯʵȺķڷ鵤ˣôȥһսǱʶˣԺǻл棬ǸʱսҲ١


ʮ ½ʦ
ɲҶսˣɲˣʹ뿪Ҷ׼ҪߣȻҲǿߣȻܹܣҲǿİоǶľֵãƾʵĻ֪һﻹʲôͷûʹأʲô˭˵á
Ҷ׾ЦҾͲˣԺпվ˳鵤Ҫ
Ҷ׵Ļɲûеεҡҡͷߵ˵ߡ
ɴϾͷ֮Ҷ˷ܵĽеһҷˣһö鵤ҵʵо޴ˡ
ȴ˵һöƷ鵤ѣṩǧľֵͻʥߵʵĺԶô𣿡
ҶȴЦһܱûеĺðɣ˵ˣܲһӾᵽʥ߼Ҳ˵Լûкô෴˵ԼҪȽһ鵤¾ͺˡ
ͷһЩʵˣﵽʱȷǲһôˣкô
Ҷе̾Ϣϧֻһö񼶵ҩмöĻҾͲôˣȥ鵤ȥ
ҶҲ֪ĸ߼鵤ܵõģεõǱ͵ģȻӮģʵҲǱ˵ģҪҵĵҩǾˡ
Ҷ׵Ļе뷨ˣȻ˵ʵҪõ鵤ҲǺѣͿûˣ
ҶоϷѽһֻ֪Ҫ˵Ļ϶а취ģѵа취õı
Ҷ׸æʵʦѵŪı֪Ū˵ɡ
ȴûıҪŪĻҪȵ𣿡
ô˵Ļܸ㶨ƵģҰ׸һҶЩʧ
ȴЦ֪ôõıŪŪõͿ컯͵ˡ
ҶϾ˷ʦͱˣ˵ôܵõıɣұ֤İ취ȥϵɽ»ҲҪȥ
ΪԼʵܹѸٵҶ׵ȻԸðգһһð˵ʵΪʦǰ˵ΪʦҲһʦš
Ҷ͵飬ʦǸ˵ҲֻԼΪûʱ˽ⷽ飬ѵʦҲƳ߼ĵҩ
Ƿ񼶵ĵҩʦȻһǿߣʦһְҵɲ˭ģЩʵǿҲʦһУΪûⷽ츳ʦ˵һְҵ˵֪Ҫ϶ٱˡ
ʦѵƳ񼶵ĵҩǷѽʦҶ׻ЩţϾĵҩ̫߼ˣҪƳ֪жôѡ
ȴ΢΢ЦΪʦȻ㲻õʦƳȼĵҩ̫ѵ飬Ϊʦ½ҲģܺΪʦˣ½ҲָΪʦ˸ǳʮˣ˵Ϊʦܲĵҩ
Ҷһ⻰Ǹϲѽ벻ʦǿ󣬾ȻǴﵽľ磬鵤ȻûˣҶæʦƼö񼶵ĵҩɣƼʮţһһţĻҵʵŻĸ졣
Ҷ׵Ļû˵꣬Ϊ鵤͸һҪپǶ٣㣬ҪƳһö񼶵鵤Ҫǿ֮ҪĲϣˣܵʦûʲôˣҲ˵ƳʮΪʦҪǰȫʢʱһ֮ҲֻƳΪʦֻ״̬ҪƳĵҩҪʱһƳһŷ񼶵ҩ⻹Ҫܲܵõĸ߼ϣҪûи߼ϵĻΪʦıٴҲƲ
ʦһѵҶҲ֪񼶵ҩжôˣȻʦ˵һƳһѾܲˣԺһ³һžԽʵǿڹؼҪŪЩ߼ĲϲС
ҶæʦҪͽ֪Ʒ񼶵ĵҩѣ㻹Ǹͽ˵˵ҪЩʲôϣͽҲȥŪͽҲ۹ϴˣҪһЩ߼ӦҲʲô¡
ȴһĵΪ۹ͺ˲ˣϷǾʲôǣҪ񼶵ĵҩҪĲϱ˵۹ʮ۹ҲδܹҵҾҵ˼ҲδԸ㣬ĸ߼ϻǴѹ׵ıôܻ㡣
ҶʦĻЩй˵Щ߼Ͼûа취𣿡
ǵҲǣһطЩϣֻҪԼȥɡ
ʲôطھȥҶһеطıȻˣæʵ
Сӱ˵̫磬Ϊʦ˵طǱĵطһȥɽҵƷ񼶵ҩĲϡ
ɽҶҲһϾ뵽ˣɽʮʲôĲûУȻɽУǾȥɽժˡ
ʦӾͳȥɽѰҲϣ֤ܽҪĲȫҵҶ׷ǳĵ˵ΪѱС࣬ҵϻ׾ٵ顣
ȴЦΪҪĲ϶Щ·ߵĻݲݣһץһҪĲϹҪСȥһδؾҵʵɣҪЩ϶ɽҪɽΧҲĲϣҪɽڲ޵ȼ㶼޷ԤϣЩΧʥ򾳵޶ǲ٣㻹ȥɽ𣿡
ҶҲǱһɽʥ򾳵ޣǿ޷ֵģҪ֪޼ʹһȼϵģҲҪǿ߸ǿ˵Ӧͬȼʥ޺࣬ǾǾ걬ǿߣΪҪǱ;ǿʱʵǵĶ֡
Ҷ׵ȻҲ״ùˣȻ֪ΣգðյõЩҲֵõģҶ׾͵ʥ򾳵ޣҲһԣܱڼ޲ߵĺðɡ
ҲЦŵͷСӺ͵ϷһУʲôѶҪ壬ǺðɣϷҲӦ㣬һɽʱϷѰЩ߼ϵģںսǾˣɲҪָʲô鶼Ϸ
ҶæЦǵȻ޵ȻͽˣʦֻЩϾˣǾ˵ˣҾȥɽ
Ҷ׶еȲˣ޲ϾҵЩ߼ϣȻʦƳɷ񼶵ĵҩĻʵǲѽ
ȴǿɲУڵʵĺԶҪٽһܽɽ㽫еķ񼶵ҩ֮ϷٴȥɽͬʱҲ԰ս֮Լʵ


ʮ 鵤
ҶҲʦ˵е̷ⵤҩʵܱԼû̷ǿɣæǺðɣ֮ǾɽҲ̫ãϺܿˣұҪ֮ǰԼʵߣܺһս
Ѿ̫ˣŵҩټ̵֮Ϻսʵ⣬ǶȻϺ裬ʵ൱Ļǰˣһɽ͸߼սĻոĵҩӵãʵõ˵
ҶһϲæЦץҲֻҪһʱ䣬Ϲһ¶ʱǾͳɡ
ҲЦ㼱ģ˼񼶵ĵҩҪһµʱźãʱ͸㶨ˣɱ¼鼶Ҳʲô£Ǿ֮ǰɽ
ҶȻϲ⣬̸֮ŻصȺ֮УԪȻѯҶ׾ЦһһشΪ뿪ķŷ񼶵ҩҶҲԪˣֱӻصԼķ䡣
Ҷһ͹ſʼ׼񼶵ҩöҩȼ൱֮ߣǰŷĻҪҶҪʱŷ鵤ʱһöҩʱ䡣
Ҷɱ¼ʲôҩҷŽԼһҲûκεԤֱӽöҩȥһȥϾܸоһǿҵԼǷڵһ㣬С󣬴ǿһֱСʼڣҺɱ¼ǿ걣鵤ǿҳܹܣĻһİ벽ʥ߼̷ĵҩֱӾͱεǵ
˳һʱʹ尾ǵȼյŽıҶܳܣҲʼԼо鵤һ˿˿ֱӱҶ׵գ֫ٺоޱȵˬů֮³ΣκεĲλоˬĴ̼һԴԴϵĴ̼Ҷ׿ʼĿκһ˿ͷš
һϵʱ䣬Ҷ׶ö񼶵ҩʱȻֻ֮һҶ׾ͼǿգǵԽԽѣȵյһʱҶ׸оȻ߮ȴԱˡ
ĽҲûгҶ׵ԤϣΪһŷ鵤ҲһûΪһģҶܹ磬ѾǷǳǿˣҪս֮кԺ֮Ҳǵҩһֺô˵ڻֻۣҪܹҩͻгú
Ҷ֪ʣµһֵҩҪˣҲżͿʼûûҹ֮Ҫ뿪ȥɽģҪԼʵĸǿܺɽ֮ǿս
һԪŪе㵣ˣǶ֪Ҷô£Դӽ뷿ûֲôҶ׵Ĺأ֮ʱ˴ԪҲȥҶ׵ķ䡣
ԪΪҶǲս֮ˣϾһǺϺǿսȻΣյģֻӲû˵ɣһԪ͸ˣֻٵҲûãﲻʲôæֻܵҶ׳
ҶʱɵҲԼסǻڻʳǣֻǾҶ׵ĸۡЩ룬˻ȴûеһʱͿʼôˣҶСӵʲôˣ
ϵˣɲûʲôģָֻܺܿҪһʱУڻźҶսκһϸڣҪҳҶΪܽܵԭ
ôҲҲһŷɣҶѾֲסˣȻȴǱһƵģԲһһ˲ܻȻǿʵ仯һ޷֪ǿ
ֱԱƣŴȡһö˵ҩ£ʼϢ壬ڵͬʱں˵ǧҪ͸¶ȥ˭ҪǸ˵ȥһ֣Ҿġ
ҲҪѽȥٵģû뵽Ҷ׸ˣĻͻƾķ񼶵ҩǵҩ߶ûмţƽʱ᲻÷õģںˣ˱˵ˡ
תһ룬ԼĵҩҶףҲһǻ£ҶʵˣϺ͸Ѱˣһս֮³ԿˣһСʵǿʱϺԸϺʲô³϶ҪԼء
뵽Ҳô۵ģֻ鴫ȥҪǴ˳ϻǶԹɽ񼶵ĵҩ£˵´μ֮Դ䣬õԴܱ¡
Ȼǲҽĳ˵ȥǵӣӶˣ鷳ͲˣҸ
˾æ˷ģǣҲ˵ֵġ
ɵͷֵǸ˵˵ô£ǸСӵôͽҴˣʵЩ벻ͨѽʵıǿǻ˹ˣǴ½ĵϵҲ˰ɣѵǼˣ
ɶ벻ףȻ͸벻ˣæˣСЩ죬ϷʱǲҪĺã˻ᶯǰ˵ļƲ£ϺСˣ˭ɱ˭
һЦϾסؿڣæֹסЦ˵˵ĲǾͰϺ˰ɣҲϺ֪ˣʱúˣȻĻҪ֪ұСӴˣҪ˵˯žһܱ¶Сӵʵ
֮ͿʼרˣٴҶ׶ˣҶͬʱҲ֮ҶǴǷ֮߳߳˵ɫֱˣĸӵǿɫȻá
ԪһˣæܹʲôҶһЦݣɫʱ֪Ҷ׿϶ûʲôˣֻڸԪҪһʡ
͵ܣ춼ڷѴ綼ĻˣǲǺϺսʱˣԲڷˡ
Ҷ׺ǺЦͶôûģ˵ӣʱֻϺҵĵҩѣɲϺ裬ðƵģֻ϶ҲҵʥߣϺֵܰɡ


ʮ ǰɽ
Ԫ⻰ҲһԾԾĲҶҩ˵ⲻϺ裬ҵʥߡ
͵˵Ϻ裬˭ҪʥĻǾ͸ǶˡԪĵ˵
Ҷæ粻ҪģҵҲĵģһɱǬģֻҿ˶ѣûеóѣ϶ϺĶͷǲֵ̫ģǺϺɱ֮ں˶ѣǻҪСһ㣬֮û
ԪæҡͷǷƽ˾ûпҵ
ǾͺãһһϺֵܣҲ벻ҵжǿԲϺ軹ǵӵƣҲ²ŻʱȥһɽѰһЩƵҩĲϣҪ뿪һʱˣҾͽˡ
ԪҶҪ뿪Ͼһæҡͷ͵ܣҪˣô죿㱾ҪϺֵܵĻͲǶѽµǶ࣬˶ҲûôԸǡ
ҶҲ뵽һ㣬æ粻Ҫżȥɽܿģ֤֮ڷأκεҲϷأԴҲ̫ģʱСܵһӡ֪ͨСܡ
˵Ҷ׾ʹȡһƬԪ˵ҵӦֻ֮Ҫ㽫ˤ飬ϾܸӦͻ̷أϺˣҲҪսһ˵
ԪƬӦͿʱҶ׻ٻЩˣԪҲ֪ҶɽʵҲΣգΪҪʵϺǿսҲȥðա
Ҷֵھ͸һԪ۹ɣĻҷҲҪʱȥԪ۹ɽԪ۹ĻʳΧƬܸ̾ϻأĻҲõˡ
ԪȻϣԼܺҶԽԽѽҶԽԽǸоģҶԶˣоû˶ˡ
ھͺһȥ۹ҲˣҵԪ۹ѽ
Ҷ׾ЦǽͷԪ۹ɣͺһȥ
Ԫȴ»ôӣٶѽ
ͽЩ۹ɣҿһɱ۹ģòƿЩӣȥԪ۹ϺֵȻҲȥˣԲʵһĶ黹ֵܹġҶ˵
ǾͰ͵ܵİ취ҽЩӶָӣʲôϢϾ֪ͨңҲǰԮǬô죿Ǵ߻Ԫʵ
Ǵ߰ɣֻ峤鷳ϺĶ֣ԸϺĺãʹһ뿪Ҷ׵
Ǻãھȥţ͵ȵȵȣҰźһ֮Ͼͺһ𷵻Ԫ۹
ԪϾȥˣҶҲ÷Ԫ۹׼ʱ֣ԪͲһˣҶ׾æԪ˵ҶҪ뿪Ϸǰˡ
ҶæЦʱ뿪һﻹҪ峤ˣʲôΣվ֪ͨҺʹ磬ǻܿǰ֧Ԯġ
ԪģϷڣ۹һԪġزЦ
Ҷ׸ǲ죬ԪҲǬˣǬڻ֪ҶҪʲôԷǳľţ屻ƣʵޣǬսľҶףʲôҾ㣬ҶңҸ׺һ㱨ġ
ҶЦôֵǮôɱһģֻǽҪȥһط
ǬæȥģΪʲôҪߣ
ͲöˣҲûа취ܾ磬߰ɡҶ׶Ԫ˵
ԪѺǬԺСڴԺ֮ڵȺҶ׷СıϣԪץǬҲȥ
峤һˣ峤ġҶ׶Ĳ칰˵
Ϸﾲļæ˵
Ҷ׾ͶС˵С࣬ȥԪ۹
СһģʹҶ׵ֱ죬Ʋ֮Ԫ۹ȥ
ǬȻҵҲûо飬ŵǰ۾һʱķУԪ۹ҶСԪ֮󣬾;סڴˡ
Ҷ׺ԪأȻԪ۹Ľʿϲ⣬Ҷ׺ԪҲֻóһʱǼ棬ҴԪ۹µһЩ£Ҷײ£ͻصԼסʼ
ڶ죬Ҷ׾ͳСǰɽΪ˱ܣҶײԪУ֪ȥɽֻԪһˡ
Ҷ׳СֱӾͷɽڲΪ˵ɽ棬ûҪĸ߼ϡ
ڷɽϿյʱҶæ˵ʦѾɽӦĸȥѽ
æǰȥɡ
ҶȻΪʲôǰʦĻǰһ·Ϸǧ·̣Ѿɽڲˡ
Сӣǰȥɣƣһɹĵطһľɽ˵
Ҷ׸æСС࣬Ǿȥ
СſֱӷȥȵأҶҿ˿ĻȷǷǳĲܸ֮ܵжһܾܵϢԣҶȻ֪һ㡣
طȷкñˣǲ֪ѰһҶ׿ûʲô飬Ҫ𡣡
ʦĸطи߼ϡҶ׵
ֻǰȥʦһ·֮̽ĲϣȻ˵ġ
Ҷ׾ʦĻС೯ǰȥһ·ҶҲһЩޣЩһС֮࣬ززΪСݣȼܸߣʵѾǰ벽ʥ߼Щ޶ҲǻʾޣȻǲǰ
Ҷ׾ĻᶼûУһΪѰҩģץ޵ģҲûʲô뷨ҿҪҵһЩҩġ
ʦҪҩģ㻹ûи˵ҪʲôҩѽҶæʵȻҩĵģǵʲôҩĲƳ񼶵ҩһ֪
Ʒ񼶵ĵҩҩĶ಻ʤΪ񼶵ĵҩҲкܶ࣬ˣӹٶȣãÿһַ񼶵ҩĲ϶вͬΪʦҲֻǿʲôҩģܰƳʲôĵҩΪʦҪʲôҩģΪʦ˵ֻ˵ʱ򿴵һ־ͻ㡣
ҶҲˣ񼶵ҩҲܶ࣬ʲôʲôǿΪҩľͺѵá


ʮ ޵Ĺ
ʦǶһˣôûпҩģҶһ·Щͷˡ
СеĺòãΪǷ񼶵ĲôҪĻ񼶵ҩǵǣôЩһӶûҵҪĲϣ˶ãѾͷˡЩ
ʦҲֻ˵˵ѣһǻᾡȥҵģֻеĶѣҪʦ˵˵ȥɡ
ΪʦĹȥߺߣ˵㣬ǲҪ֪ĺãҪȻŵöΪʦȥˣǹԹԵȥҩİɣ֪ʱΪʦȻġص˵
ʦ㲻ǰʲô°ɣԲ˵鷳ǲкܶĳңڵ㱨𣿡Ҷ׺ٺЦ
СӺ˵˵ʲôΪʦʲô£Ϊʦǻ˵Ļ㻹ܻ𣿲һ˵ĶˣǾΪʦвٵĳңҸĽɫ㵱ҵͽܣ᲻о£µĻԸΪʦΪʦҲ׼кʵ֮ȥϡ˵
Ҷæҡҡͷʦͽɲ£ʦĳжʱͽҲʦͽܣ˸Ǵһ̣򲻹ҲֻһСѣʲôµġ
Ҷ׵Ļǳ⣬ҲǵͷеģҲ̫ģѾȥˣ˭ܼǵϼһ˵Ѿ˹ȥ飬ͷĵҵͽܰɡ
Ҷæͷ˵ˣʦЩҵʲôѽܸͽ˵˵𣿡
ϾͻһתôﻹǺˣҪ֪ǵıȻǲҪʦֿѽ
ҶæЦʦҲ˼һʲôʱĳңҲ׼ԸǰɣԷһ
ȴͲõˣҵЩҾˣҲ߲ˣʲô׼ǰ״ʱΪʦģڸֻӾ񸺵Ϊʦڸ㣬ͲҪˡ
Ҷ׼ʦԸ˵Ҳûа취ֻ˵ЩĻġ
ʦɴཫƷ񼶵ҩҰɣԺѧҲͷʦˣ˵ǲǣҶǺٺЦ
㵹ѽԺҪ鵤ж鵤ǰɣĻͦģǰҲȥҵӦ֪һ;жôѣϷ츳ȻܲҪﵽ鵤ҲǼܴﵽģҲҪиʮϣ⻹Ҫ츳һλǿʦ̵С
ҶһҪʮϲܴﵽļȲˣҶæһ˰ɣʦ񼶵ĵҩԼƣ»ƻ˶ˡ
ȴҡҡͷСҲ̫ûˣô׾ͷˣȻΪʦ˵Ҫʮ꣬Ϊʦ츳Եģкܶʦ׵Ķɱ¼ȫͳΪʦⷶΧʵȻ̷ٵҩû£սּܶľֵͻƾ磬Ϊʦ޷ģѧϰΪʦĲ̫ÿ϶Ҫôﵽʲôľ磬Ϊʦո˵Ҳֻǰճʱ䣬һܷ֮࣬ڣҪʵ֪֮ˡ
Ҷʦ˵һֳģæʦʲôʱǴɣҿʲôľ磬еĻˣһ㣬Ҳһǳǿļˡ
ֵѧϰҪͷʼͼĵҩʼƣҪֲͨԣҪķܶʱ䣬ҿڻûʱѧϰǵп˵ɡ
УʱʦٴͽɣͽҪԸң涼ûʱѧϰˡ
Ҷһ˼ʵҪǻʱȥĻȻкôԺ飬ûκεİ
ҲǵͷӦˣҶ׼ǰȥʱСȻһ˻֮ͳǰȥ
Ҷ׿СȻˣҲ֪ô£æС
СȴûзأǰϿʱ˵СǷǿˣԲŷ׼
Ҷ׹æʦжǿʲôʵޣ
һͷʵǿѾﵽ˰벽ʥ۷ļ൱ʥ߳ʵҪСһˡ
ʥ򾳳ʵҶ׻Щյģܹսʤ࣬Ȼģֻһκǿս޺ͬǿ󣬶ǾˣܹȵģҲҪСӦܹսʤˡ
Ҷ׸ϵСĵطȻͿһͷ޴վǿյ֮ϣͷ֮ߣȸǳɣʮͷ­޴󣬴ڸһСҪ˵ˣһͷСޣҲһˡ
ĳβǴ׳ǰҪ֣ҪǱɨһ£¶Ҫɨ֮ˡ
ʦʲôޣôӴ󣬸һСɽˡҶҲǳԾʵ
ЦһͷޣǿϵƤȵһͷǴﵽ˰벽ʥ۷弶ϵƤԵֵס챦µβͣĴɱԺɨһж֣ҪСģĴڣҧ챦µҪǵĿУͳˡ
ҶĻҲоͷޱԼĻҪѽ챦µķҪһĻܴܲķˡ
ʱСѾ޽ˣСֱӳȥ˫צͳǾ޵˫ץȥǾȴںСĹϿŭһһβ;ͳϵСɨȥ
Сæ룬ֵܶĹǾȴϷС˶ȥʮȻʮ֮ߣ޴ѾܹҧٵСˡ
ҶҲû뵽޾ȻܱĵôߣСҲǷǳ⣬ûʵæϷȥ޵ľ޴βϾʹӰ֮ɨסСȥ·
һСҲЩ޴ˣСʵҲֻа벽ʥߴɣȻޣȼ޸ߣǶԷϾǰ벽ʥ۷弶𣬶һǿĶ֣С򲻹Ҳпԭġ
ǬΣڵϦʱһӰֱӾͷɵս֮УǷµľ޴β͵ĳһƣ峯βơ
ӰȻҶףҶ׼СΣգϾͳͨȫ֮£Ǿ޵βҲڰ֮ͣ£СæûѣֻҶȴβļҲֻܵסβ˲䣬ܿβٴҶ׸æųڽ֮ܺܵķ֮£Ҷ׻ûֱӱβɨУ廹Ǳ޴ײȥ


ʮ ɲ
Ҷվ֮Ҳò̾޵жǿˣͨƴȥҲܻʥ߳ڵĶ֣ǾȻֻǵס˲Ĺ޾ޣ಻ȵġ
ҺʵǿĹҲ޵ģûôҲ޵֮һһ޴ﵽļȻˣֶȴ࣬ûʲôȫƾǿȻûôˡ
Ҷ֪Ҫˣƾûа취ͷ޵ģҶóԼǾ˵һֽŴһϧʵ̫ǿˣֻܶҲʹľаɡ
Ҷ֪ܹﵽ޶ԵģǾ޹ȻǴһڻشҶ׵ĻҶ𱦽ֱӷɵ֮УϾͳǾ
һҶûжκεƾԼʵ;սһսȫΪȡʤΪ˶ԼսϾٺս֮սôΣգܹľ顣
޼Ҷһ·ɢһоΣյϢҲǿĲûǰԼǿֵҶ׵ĹһȻҲȡ˶ܵķʽ
ֻ޴ҪҶ׵Ĺʵеѣڶܵͬʱ޴βҲǷҶɨȥһʱо޴ķ綯֣ҶײȥӲƴβҲһܱ֤ܿβԼҲᱻǹԵǿƷ
ҶͬĲȡ˶ܣһԾٴηɵߵĵص㣬ǾȻҲܱĸߣǴﵽʮ׾ûа취ˣҶ׳ûԾ˾޵壬ֱԴǰ
Ǿ޵βѴĵطͬһܴΣգǾǾ޵ĵڶ޴ĿڣǾһҶ׳ԴϮжʱ󿪣ҲҶ׵жҪҶֱɡ
޴Ҳ̫˰ɣȻҵǾ㿴Ҷһֱɱ޵Դ֮ϣȵķ֣ԼĽȻֻǾ޵ԴһѪȴû˵
£ֻһѪۣҶҲǴһüӲԿǣȻ֪ԿӲĵطԼϾõѽɱʥߵȻֻЧҶҲֻǿЦһæȥ
ǾޱҶһ֮Ǳ׵ļŭˣŰ֮еҶ׾ŭ𣬺˵б¾ѽɵȥʲôӢۣҶ׻е㲻ðˣε˵һֻʩչԸˣ취涼û㡣
Ҷֱ֮ӾٻѾǰȫͬˣɫƬֻʩչһնĳѾﵽˣƸʤ
ʱǾҲǱһȻˣⲻһޣ֪ĵȼֻͼ࣬߼ޣСʵ̫ϣҶ׵ˣˡ
޳ֵĻκ޶ҪĤݣκεΥ޾ǵ죬ͬһ㣬ԵֵʱǾ޲Ͱݵڵˡ
ǵŹ󣬽ķĽǿûɵһǾ˵һõ޶ѣޣһ¾޲ŴӾ֮˹ǳ˼ɵԼᱻɡ
Ҷ׼˲ﻹЩ⣬ѵԼ𣿲˺󼸲֮ҲͲٺˣķ׼Ҷ֪Ǻˣֻ׼ս
ʱ֪ԼˣҶٻֱӳԷǾ޼ȷﺦ£ȫ޴βֱ˦ǿǰҲֱֱ𳯽ɨȥ
צ׼ȷץסǺɨβҲǻζ˼£ջץסββϾͱֱץ˼˿ڣ˿ںܴ޵βǿҲûа취ֵ
ʹ̣ƴҪβջأǽѾо޷ˣǿצץס˶Էβͬʱͷ׼޵ֱӾҧ¡
Ǿ޵ǿ챦µûа취Ž˺ҧȻӲҧһӣ۵һĽлǽȴû֣ͣ޵˼Ŀӡ
֮£޾͸ûа취ˣƴǰצƣβɻأǽͷɨȥǽæãˣʱܳ˰׿⡣
ȥԼϣѾ˺ˣʲôʱܵ˺ϵʹ֮⣬޷⣬Ҷһôǿʵѵࡣ
޳ҶͺҶ׻ΪҪܣͷ޳˺֮⣬ûܣҶЩˣռϷ磬޲Լ֣ٲߵĻΣˣΪλҪ
ѵӻˣԼƴҶҲе㲻ףʱͷһֱǰǻûзȻҲûߣҶ׵ע⣬ѵϳĺӾڸ
ĺڸҶҲȥ˺ģҶĥʱȴһȻ˵Сӣ⸽һɲݡ
ɲݣҶҲǳһæʵʦɲʲôѵҲǱ
ͷ־֪һĶɲһּΪϡٵĲҩҲƸ߼鵤ͨòϣһ鵤ƣɲݣ֮ҪΪΪӵҩû취ãǾǿԳΪ󲿷ֵ鵤ҩĲϣΪ
Ҷһ˵ϾǼʦǵɲôǲҲҪ
ЦȻˣɲݵԿܶ鵤ϣƷ񼶵ĵҩȻҲҪǷ񼶵ҩҩ԰ںĲҩЧ
ҶԽԽǸˣɲôãһҪõֻ֪ɲģ
ʦɲݵģ˵ϾȥɡҶæ
Ҷ΢΢һЦǵɲݾͷ޵ĺ棬㿴һֱһطǻ᲻뿪ΪöɲݵޣֻҪɲٹ¾ͿԱʳãʵ¾ͻ㲻ˡ
ҶһԴ˵˵ͷޱҴôңȻ뿪ԭ֪бѽǾ͹ֲˣҪñǾͿ˭бˡ
Ҷ׾Ͷ˵ʦȽ޻ɱȥɲݡ
Ҷ׾ͷޣ˵ޣҪ뿪Ҳ뵢󹤷ٵҵĵҾͲˣɱһһЩֵ


ʮ 
޺ҲҶ׵˼ԥ֮£ڻѡ뿪Ҳǻ۵ģͷ޴ﵽʥߵʵȻҲ֪ͣҶ׵ʵԼٴȥǶ֣ҶѾܣûκε塣
޴Ҵ뿪֮ЦСӣôˣҪɱͷ޵ĻҲܻ൱һʥ߳ʵľֵˣ⾭ֵɲѽ
Ҷ׺Ȼָָǰ˵ʦ㿴ǰһһ£Ǹ֮ϣӷмͷСľ޴ڣͷ޵ĺӣɱǵ裬ҲѴȥˣҿһɱΪĺãҪ鵤ͬʵɱ¾ĻͲɱ¾ˣٸԼһЩ
ĻҲͷ벻ʵˣľҲˣƾһ㣬ѾΪʦˣΪʦҲֻڱ˻ܣֻʣһ֮һ㣬ΪʦҲɱǿߵŭձΧɱҲΪʦɵģΪʦ겻ɱ¾ҲԼΪʦ״̬֮ʱʼ˼ԼĹȥܽһǾ㷸µվҪģʮԺ󣬻ǰԺǧԺ󣬳Զǲ⡣
˵Ҷȴ˵Щû취ǣҲûа취ȥģʦӦҵĵɡ
ҶָԼļҳζܲȥģҵҲ޷֮顣
ͷС˵ûҲеĳ޶ǣԻģȻǷȻҪǷҲ⣬ǻծģôʱжٴʦо˼飬ƫƫˣڱ㣬ôһ㣬⣬ջҪҸ۵ˡ
Ҷ׵Ҳûôֻ࣬뱨ѣҵʹ
̾æǻǲҪ̽ˣȻȥ֣֮̽ȥǵɲݰɡ
ҶŻعæʵʦǵɲݲʲôطҸʶѽ
ЦЦ㳯ǰȥΪʦĵġ
Ҷ׾ʦĻԭǻĵطȥߵ˵㿴ǰ漸֮һɽ𣿡
Ҷ׳ǰһȻͿһĶڣһ޴ľ֮£ֻһ˽룬ҶæʦѵǵɲݵĵطֻⶴںС֪ж
ЦֽΧӲȥ֪жˡ
ҶʦĻæȥΧһЩӲݺ֦ȫȥȵȫɨȻ֣ȻһܴĶڣмɸߡ
ԭΧһЩ֦ϵһȫ޴ĶסЧ˺ܺõãǾ޵ȻҲ׺õıҪغãҲû׽Щ֦ȥ
ʦһΪֻһСѡҶ˷ܵ˵
ǺǣǾرļˣȥɣҵöɲݡ
Ҷ׾߽ɽɽǳĸߴһǽ˹һ㣬ҶǹĨǵǰУΪɽҲһֱǰ
ֱǰһ֮ȻᵽһŨǰһǳƯĻݣ仨ݸһңΧûκεֲԵ÷ǳۣΧŨ仨ݡ
ʦǵɲݰɡҶ˷ܵ˵
ͷǵɲݡ
ҾȥҶ˷ܵ˵
ȴæҪȥĻϾͻήûκεҩüֵˡ
Ҷ֪鷳Ļô죿ҶæʦôܽߣܲȰɡ
ЦȻˣöɲݶΧĻǳУҷǳĴֱӽժĻϾͻήҪ֤
Ǹô죿ʲôõİ취𣿡Ҷʵ
ȻˣһԽɲݺúõıҲ⡣
ʲôʦ˵ҶеȲˡ
ϵħħʵҲһֺرɲƶɣܱɲݵã㽫ħĻεɲ֮ϣ֤ɢʧȻٴĸȡһ߼ħͬãܱɲݵҩЧˡ
ҶϾ͵ھͷųħ
˵Ҷ׷ųħһħֱӷɵ˵ɲݵߣŰͬʱҶǰڵɲݵΧڳһһ߼ɲݴӵȡͬʱħҲǵɲݵĸŰ
һУҶŽɲͬħУԼ˵ʦӦû˰ɡ
ֻҪ֮ڽɲϣҩЧͲʧڣħıҲĿήҩЧҲʧˡ
µʱ䣬Ӧùˣʦ֮ڻƲɵҩ𣿡ҶЦ
Ϊʦûʲô⣬֮ܲҵΪʦҪĲϣҲĻҪ˵µģ֮ڣҲû취Ƴ鵤
ֱӽһˮҶæʦģҪ˵ˣһ£ҾܽҪĲȫˡ
Ц㻹ѽΪʦֻ֪ɽΪʦҪĲϣҪҵ̸ףеһҲûҵҪһ֮ҵߺߣæࡣ
ҲܵʦʦڻҲЩòϣҶʦǳġҶ׺ٺЦ
ƨˣΪʦû˵һܰҵôĲϣֻǸʱҶѣҲҵõͿ컯ߵ
ҶҲûкʦ磬Ҳ֪ҵЩϷǳѣȻĻǲǵǷ鵤ˡ
ʦڳȥɣȥѰĲϡҶ׼ѾҵˣͲˡ
ţбȻ˵
ҶһбȻǷǳĸˣæʦǱģôûп
˵ոǵɲݵʱûзʲô쳣
Ҷæһ£˵ûʲô쳣ѽֻо쳣Ũ
ͷǾͶˣ֪ǹǿֻܸܵĳ棬ΪʦȴܸܵĹǴӵ·ģɲݵ滹б
Ҷ⻰ϲæܵǵɲݵĶڳ濴ȥһ߿һ߻˵ʦʲôѽôʲô
ȻǿˣǱ棬ҪȥСѵ


ʮ ɲµı
Ҷ˷ܲѣϾڿˣһڳһһĿӣȵһҵʱ͸оԾˣһѩ׵ҫ۵Ĺâ
Ҷ׸æգ۾ⱻҫ۵Ĺâյ۾ϸʱһ׵ҫ۵壬ȴܸоһůʵϢ
ʦʲôǰһĶʲôҶ׸æʵ
ȴϲǺñõǵɲݲ֪ضٱˣеؾ֮γɵһּΪ֮壬̺Ŵеľ޴زػһУȻҲһеؾɴľڣ֮Ϊ֮壬Ҳ컯ˡ
Ҷʦ˵Ȼǰ֪⣬Ҳ֪϶һѵõıɲݶҪٱˣǺöأǲ֪ʲôô
ҶæʦȻⱦǵؾǴص֮Դʲôôкô𣿡
ЦؾҪûõĻ֮¾ûʲôˣһϢؾҲΪʦѰҵһ֮һ԰Ϊʦԭ壬ȻһУһܹãҲΪʦָµĽչˡ
ָܰ壬Ҷ׶ǳĳԾ֪һֱѰָܰҩֻôΪʵޣûлңû뵽ԼһǰҪɽܰʦҵָܻˡ
ʦ̫ˣָ˱ĻͽҲõı۸ˡҶҲ˷ܵ˵
ҲҪ˵̫ˣΪʦıָһԶԶҪһƲܴﵽЧҪߵ·ܳҪ׼ܵõһָҲǷǳˡҲǷǳĸˣջǳԤϡ
ҶæȻܰʦָͽͽڳãԺʦָá
ЦСӶʦТ˳ؾһıһıΪ˵ԣҵؾһ㶷Źݵı죬㿴һʯͷȴأҲ
ҶҲһæ濴ȥǵؾһѽҶ׾ζˣæʵʦؾ񲻶ѽǼٵİɣ
ЦΪʦֻܿؾγɵݻ̫ӤʱڣߣΪҵĻڶֲժǵɲݵʱѾˡ
ԭСؾѽûг죬Ҷ׾еʵûгĻǲûôˣܰʦָ𣿡
ûгֻ˵ĴǿѣҩЧȴһ㶼ı䣬ͬһҩݣԽϸ۵ҩиõЧؾҲˣڻָҵıõĲϣһ㣬̺Ĵǿܹӵ˵ΪҶƵһ
ʦ˵㣬ôе˵ָܰһܹ⣬ڵĴӦûʲôôѽôҡҶе㲻ˡ
ȴʵ㣬ڵʵԼô
Ҷڵʵõʥ߳ˣ֮ӦǺܲʵ˰ɡ
Ҷ׶ԼʵǺŵģܴﵽʥ߼ʵڴ½϶Ǻǿˡ
ȴҡҡͷʵҪǷߴصؾǰǾͼֱ޷Ƚϣ֪һöһߵĵؾӵж𣿡
Ҷҡҡͷô֪ӦñҵȫҪǿɡ
ߺߣǲҪǿǸһϵģһöһ߼ĵؾӵеĴһʥ۷ǿеҲ˵ܽһöһ߼ĵؾȫյĻͳʥ۷ʵпͻƵߵľ磬˵ؾ̺ǿ󣿡
ҶĿɿڴôСһؾȻӵǿһرѽ
Ӧ֪Ϊʲô㲻ܵõһöĵؾԭɣʵ
Ҷ׵ͷʦ˼Ǿҵõ˳ĵؾǵؾ̺̫ǿҲûа취ǲǣ
ЦǴ⣬ҪõһöĵؾΪʦҪҪҪ㣬ΪĵؾӵźǿƻовĻҲᷢȻҪʱû취ģǵʱûа취ֿΪ̫ǿˣὫȫݻ٣㲻ϵᱻɱҲΪγĵؾ㷴һΣյԭ򡣡
ʦˣǳĵؾõģöؾ֪жˣҲ֪жܼܲԦʱҲҷɣҶЩĵʵ
ҡҡͷЦ˵ҶˣöؾӤ߱ȫԷĵӤ̺ҲǷǳľˣҿöؾҲʵʮҲֹҪܽˣʵﵽʥ򾳴ɼ𡣡
Ҷһʥ򾳴ɣǺԶ飬Ѿﵽʥ򾳳ʵʥ򾳼ҪߵͻƣǰľʮʮҲֹ
Ҷ׵ȻܲˣæһҪúõյؾ˷ˡ
ҲҪ˵̫磬Ҫؾɲô׵飬ҪöؾȫѱУǴ֮γɣҪѱŻҪѱɲѱô򵥣רŵһѱģڴ½ϣ̶Ȳһ״ﵽ۽׵֪۽ȼ𣿡
Ҷŵ۽ֶоһǿѹ߼ǿһˡ
ʦ۽ӦúʦһɡҶ˵
ǺǣСҲ̫ΪʦˣΪʦȻǿ󣬿ǻûдﵽľ磬ȻΪʦΪҲǴﵽ׼ǵ۽׻һĵȼԸûа취ȡ
ĻҶ׶ʱ;ˣǿԼôӵУУҲ޷ɡ
ʦȻѱؾҪǿǶͽ˵ûκεļֵˣͽûа취õġ
ҶҲ֪֮Ѿǿ˼ˣҪǿһȼģ޷ˡ
ȴ΢΢ЦСҲҪ̫ģȻѱؾ̫ǿûа취õҪ˵㣬ΪʦҲûеõѱؾҲֻһ֣ҪȻ¾ûܹؾˡ


ٰʮ ؾİ
ҶϾһϲʦѵбֻҪģұ֤ɡ
ȻΪʦ˵һְ취һְ취ҲǷǳѣܹõɵĻǶһĺôҲǸ˵˵
ʲô취ʦ˵ҶеȲˡҶ쳣˷ܣɱڼ֪Ҫǿˡ
Ϊʦ˵취ֻؾһ˵ǳ˵ĵرɣҵľĵر֮еĵرһģҵĵĻںһӵһֱȵؾҪǿʮԺκε⣬Ϊ֮֮ԴȪ
һ˵Ҷ׸о֪ʶˣĵر֪ʲôĵرأôںأ
ʦ˵еˣ˵ʲôģ˵ľ𣿡Ҷʵ
ͷ㲻ҲȻҪ˵㣬һ߶֪ܣֻǿ߲֪֮ǿ֮գΪʦ˵ľؾһ㣬֮γɵ֮壬֪֮γɵ֮𣿡
Ҷʦ˵ǲ׵֮Ӧγɵɣ
ͷ˵Ĳ׵γɵ֮壬ҲǿԽģ֮ȴ޷ģһ˲ʧʣõûа취ģҪҵܹ壬ġ
ܱ壬ʲôҶҲˣʵ벻һܹʵ
ʵ벻ʲôܹסııӦúٰɡ
˵ĶԣıȵؾҪϡУΪؾڵҵıȴҪˣ֮ȻܹγĺȴǼΪϡ٣½ֻмӵУҵ㽫ӵһ綼Ϊ֮־һ㽫ĺ͵رһںϣжôĿ£޷ġ
˵ҶȻǺܼǵ֪ıȵؾҪңܲܵõһˣôںϷӣҶ׾͸оейˡ
ʦ˵ЩͽȻˣϧͽûʲôϵؾ˵ҵˣôϡУһӶҲҿǻǲҪôˣؾû취ߣеĻóȥüǮ
СӾ֪˷ѱؾóȥҪЩҪ㣬ҵ͵ؾںϵģΪʦıһϣԭˣΪ֮ǿκεжǿ󣬶֮γɵԭΪʦǺ׵飬СҲҪйΪʦҲѰҵֽı
Ǻðɣͽͽؾպãҵ˽ıóںʦԭ塣Ҷ˵
ȤǺܸߣҲ֪ûа취õؾȻûжȤˣؾٱɲôҲûѽ
СӣؾĻʵҲһְ취ģְ취еƫţһкܴΣգвȤȻ˵
Ҷһôа취ˣе㲻ͷʦ͸ɴཫеİ취˵˿ڰɣҪҵθˡ
ٺ٣ðɣΪʦ˵ո㲻˵׵֮Ҳİɣܳ׵֮ĻҲǿԷӳؾǿġ
Ҫȥҿɲɣû˵Ļ𣿶˵Ǳҿɲ뱻һԼȥǲɵ𣿡
Ҷ׵Ȼ֪׵֮жǿҪǱˣ
ȴЦҽ˵ðɣΪʦֲҪȥΪʦҪ㽫ǵؾȡ׵ֻ֮Ҫ׵֮еĻǵؾܷӳǿʵ˲һҲֹ
ҶǰһϾ֪滹кܴΣԣæʦҽǵؾųȥҲҲڵؾԱߣͬҪܴܺΣգУܲܵʱɣҪǺսû׵ĻؾҲûκεôѽ
ǺЦŵãΪʦ˵ȻΪʦİ취׵֮Ȼܰؾȴ׵еؾ֮ʱӳ޴ͿԱԼĹʩչ֮ϣҸո˵ˣһϵĹɣУ˵׵ҲҪȵУʵֻҪ㽫ϵĵؾȡ֮䣬վͻᱻؾ׵֮껹磬ֻҪĵؾ֮䣬ͻ𶯣׵£׵֮󣬵ȻҲС֣֮ҪؾСöؾǺǿڸոճ֮ʣ׵ͬǺǿϣǵؾϣܵ׵֮ǺСһ֣ڵʵϷ֮ӦûܹܵסȴԿʩչǿĹ˵кܴİġ
ԭⱦˣԺҺսֻҪȡ׵ҵսǿһϺһʲôֱӶԺˡҶҲ˷ܵ
Ǿ仰ҲҪ˵̫ˣ˵ְ취ڵʵֻһΣһιҪһʱܽеڶιĻҲܲסĹֻܵĵãҪһƵС
ҶæʦˣԺһСõģԼһŵƣǻ֪ܲܳ׵ĹҪʵˣʦɲҪ˵ˣһҵûа취׵֮Ĺǿɾˡ
ٺЦİСӣΪʦǰ;İ취ҪȻΪʦôһ˻ܼͬȼǿߣΪʦؾ׵֮Ĺϵ˽ķǳ͸ģͷĵʵˣΪʦҲɡ
ԭʦһѽ㲻˵ˣĵģһһʧġҶҲԹ
ΪʦҪѲϸĸؾ֮Ĺϵ;ô˽𣿽ΪʦֻǼ򵥵˵һЩ֪ʶкܶźͰ㻹֪Ҫйˣֻʵ֮ŻᣬΪʦʱϸϸġ
ҶҲǵͷʦ˵еڶؾ;˽ˣҪǲףֱҵĻǸжãʦҲԻԭ壬ͽҲõıУܱ޵ǰɣ
Ҷ׶ЩˣϧıҪҵ̫ˣҪȻҲȵˡ
֪жǿںһѰ͵ؾѾǷǳˣҵһǿ֪еؾĻߺߣҪɱ֮ˣؾ½ǿļ嶼ۺ죬ǰģҪ׼׼ñ½ǿ׷ɱĽЩЦ


ٰʮһ ʥ޳û
ʦ㲻ҪҺòãҪһǿߣһҪûˡҶҲνٺҲûãСûˡ
Ϊʦ㲻ͷؾó㱣ķҲܻɱ֮ҪԼˣǸǻ˭޷˵Ҳû˵ȻֻҶԼ
ˣһӲжҪҵҶû£һؾҲûʲôˣؾʦԭıôܲҪˣҵҪǴѽǾбҲòߡҶջҪؾ¡
Ϊ֪£Ҳͬ⣬ⱦȷܸǿĹһҪΣˣô͵Ǳķ
ȻؾȽŪɣΪʦҲҪģ˵
Ҷ׿˿ĵؾʦؾûʲôҪעĵطɣ
޷ֻҪСľǣĵĽȡɡ
Ҷ׸æñΧȥǵؾҲӵУһö߳ѩ׵ؾӨ͸ɢŨĵ
߳ĵؾܹõܴĺôˡҲ̾
Ҷ׽һ׳ĵؾȡУʱ͸оһأڵǧҲأؾһ׳Ȼܵء
ؾѽϵоôҲĺأƽʱȫͬҶʵ
Ȼͬˣƽʱʮ֮һŨͲˣǵؾǷԺֻҪٶȡ
ǺǣҿɾǷˣʦؾҪʰɣҽˡҶؾƵġ
ؾոγɣûжԲõߣУлͽȡ
ǣôǰ׵֮ǵȵ˵ɣʵޣ±׵֮ˡ
ǺЦǾɣһʱҲ޷ؾȫںϣǳȥɡ
Ҷ׸æպõؾȥȵ˶ڣͿԶľ޻ڿҶ׾Ͷ˵һݣҲҪѹˣºѱסˡ
˵Ҷ׾뿪˶ڣǰȥһ·Ҷ˰磬еˣ͵ʦϢƬ̣ҡ
Ҷ׾ѡһƽĵط£ɽ֮ȡһЩʳʳﲢôҪˣ鵤գʳҪǿڸ֮
õʱ򣬺ȻԶһУ漴һĲԣǰһͷޣһͷޣĻôܻķӦ
Ҷ׸æȥ۲ڰ֮УһͷһƬƽԭ֮ϴУǰʮλֳӰͷΧס͹
ҶϾͿЩʵΪǶԸͷʵͺǿȻﵽʥ򾳼Ҷ׸ǳһոնԸͷޣͷ޸ǿ
ʮ֮УȴҲи֣Ҷ׷ʥ߼ǿߣҲǰ벽ʥ۷壬Ψһλֻа벽ʥ߳ʵҪС̫ˣһͣλ˿϶ҪԶԶǡ
ΪʲôҶΪһλΪе˶Χޣֻں۲߸ʱĵλߵġ
Щ˵ʲôˣҶҲЩɻæ˵ʦܿЩ˵ĵϸ𣿡
ȴҲһļļ½ȥˣʦֻ֪ǵʵȷʥ߳ڣǰ벽ʥ۷壬ֻλ˲㣬ö֣ԾЩ˵ӡ
ʥ߼ĸ˵ļ϶Ҳǳ˵ãǬ˶ҪǿˡҶ˵
ǬҲһλ벽ʥ۷弶𣬶һ߲а벽ʥ۷弶𣬻ʥ߼ĸ֣ȻǬǿˡ
ͷҲʾͬҶ׵˵æλʵҲﵽ˰벽ʥߣǲҲˣֻǶԸͷ޵ǱǸͷ㿴ó𣿡
Ҷҡҡͷͽǿʵǿôĸֶڲܣʥ򾳼ޡ
ȴЦ˵֤ûпףͷôһͷѾﵽʥ򾳴ɵޣȣʥ۷弶㿴ˣڲѾˣ֮ʱ״Żصˣֻһѿ
ʥ򾳴ɼޣҶҲһҪɱĽѽǰЩˣҲĶַ֣Ӿͱɱ
ȻˣֲЩܹռˣҶæʦôģǾͲ±޳ˣ
ߺߣЩ֮мλḻĸ֣ӦǾɽޣһͶͷʥ򾳴ɵޣĻǸ޷ôʱĳǰӦǳͷͻ֮ʱʹʲôֶΣͻƳΣӶ޷ͻƣʵֻʥ򾳳ڵʵˡ
ԭˣΪҪ׷ɱͷޣΪǿ𣿡ҶҲ֪һΧޣΪһ۸񶼲ƣ˵һͷʥ򾳴ɵˡ
Ҳǵͷ˵Ĳͷ޴ﵽľ磬ʮֵҿԸ㣬Ʒ񼶵ĵҩܴﵽƷ𣬵ȻҲҪǿʦɡ
ҶһƷƷĵҩǲҪҶæʦ˵ҲҪҵ𣿡
ǵģƷ񼶵ҩĲȻк֣ܶҵĻ޵ΪĿֻҪб£ͿԽɽҵޣҲҪ㱾´УûбҲûô
ھͽͷ޵ôԺǾͿƷƷҩˡҶ׸˵
ȴЦһҲҪûʵɣԷʥ߳ڸ֣߰벽ʥ۷弶ĸ֣Ҳ൱ʥ߳ڵǿˣһܴù𣿡
ҶͷЦҲ֪Ҵ򲻹ǣİ취ѽܼܲıֻǿɡ
Фǲһ벶ȸںѽȻЦ
ʦ㻹֪ͽ뷨ǿԵǴܾٳ֣ҾлˡҶЦ
֪СӻʹҲϷĲ࣬ûа취õģʹȺʱɡ


ٰʮ 񵽴
Ҷ׾ͶԶĹ۲ǰսһѣȻͷԶԶԼô򵥣ǳ⣬ЩܴܵӰ죬ȴǾˣԻΧĵˡ
üһ²һʱˣҶ׸ɴڵĹͣҲս֮пЩ˵ĹֶΣرʥ߼ĸ֣Ƕֱֳһһҳ޷ȻǵĹɵΣǿÿһζһ˿ڣ˵һǳô˿ڣ˿Խ࣬ʵͻԽС
ֶΧǶǺǳÿһγǼͬʱҲֻܶԸ˶ѣ˽ˣսȫһսЩǳ޵ƣǲż޵
ҶһԿҲǽζû뵽ɫĺҪˣȴһܺõΪԳҹɫߣЩɽ֮Ҫ޾͸ӵˡ
ȻʥϾͶΧ˷еȫƴԼǿʵҪ޻ɱһʱٸΣϵԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽأںЩսͺЩ˵ǿ󹥻ûб仯һ㡣
һֹЩҲое㲻˼飬ͷ޾ȻֵܹסǵĹλʥЩ಻סˣȷǿ˷ɵ޵ͷֱ豦ʹǿ
һʱսⷭ죬ͷϮİ벽ʥҲͬʹԼǿенҲǹʥֱɱ޵ͷ޸ͲΧˣרŶԸеʥߣΪҲ֪˵ʵǿֻлǣԼſ
ʵѾΪͻʧܴܶܵӰ죬ֵܼѾǳˣҪɱʥ߾ͺˣ͵ĳʥһ棬ǰս֮ûгֵģʥҲһæܣǻһʥ߱յ˽ţĽϾͱպˣ۵ֱл
ʥ£ȴûк£˵ʥ߸æԼľͽͿһҩ࣬Ȼμս
ҶҲһæ벻޻ѽôողһУҪȵڣһοЩ˺ѻɱˡ
ȴҡͷûпףͷ޸ոĻ治һĻ棬ȫʢʱڣĻͽЩȫճɻҽˣˣ涼޷ոĻֶΣÿһζľܴΣʱŻȻܹ˶֣ȴԶɲʲô˺ΪĻ̫ˣʱʮ֮һ
ԭЩ˿϶Ҳǿ˰ɣҪȻҲҶʵ
˵ûЩ˶ˣͷȻǷǳ˽⣬Ҳ֪ķˣֻҪټȥ޺ֲ֧ܿסˡ
Ҷ֮󷴶ЩΪͷ޹ʧܣҪ̵ͷǳˣǴ򲻹ôĸֵġ
ĵʱʥٴγ޷͹һʥߴɱķ޵˫ۣΪĵطȻҲΣյĵط
ӰٷȥȻҲǵ֮޷սԲŻѡΣյİ취˫赣ȻһǿĽʥߵϹ൱˵Ĺ۵һв
ҲǿԼΣմû㣬ŶԷһ㣬ȻʥЩɣǼϣòͬʱֱ۾
ǾǽҪ˵˫֮ʱ޺Ȼһһ͵ĻѻֱӴһεĻѻֱӳ˼ʮףͻȻĹʥߴʧɫֱӾͱյ
ʥҲûһķΪǰѾʩչ棬Ƕ˷ִ磬ʮ׿⣬ӦǷǳȫģ뵽ͷĻֱӳ˼ʮףǿޱȣǸ޷ܡ
͵Ļֱյʥߵ壬ʥ߶ʱͳڰ֮£ĸһҲǾһ亹æȥʥߡ
ͬʱͷѾ˺۵Ҳͨһأոһ񻨷еһ㣬վվˣֻ´
ʥߵĻȴǳĹ죬Ȼȼգô˾ȶʱҶ׺Ȼ˵Сӣʱˣܾ˵ʱֽ޵ȡߡ
Ҷ׶ʱһϲ̷ɳ֣ûеЩ˷ӦѾɵ޵£֪޵һ㶼¸λãϾʹǷһ˿ڣʹһ£ҶױΪṥû뵽Ȼһˡ
ѾضҶץסᣬϾʹ޵ͳöȭͷСͬʯͷӲͬһȣҶ׸æУڴʱ˽еСëϿ콫¡
Ҷ֪ǷԼûзϣ弱ٳǰȥǷӰӰͬһӰϾʧЩ˵ǰ
ʱʥϵĻǱ𣬿ȴǷǳأ󲿷ֵ嶼ջ˵ǲҲ̶ãȴöҩǷ£ʥ߾ȻûԼǿʵ֧ţڵҩ£ϵƤȻڻָ֮С
һˣһغˣ޵ĻɲһĻ棬ջǿʹʥߣûĵҩҲֻܼƬ̶ѡ
һλʥϾͶߵ˵ҪǣǻлָϿȥҵǵȡ֮ˡ
λҲǵͷߵ˵ȥ͵ļһһҪҵû취
벽ʥҲæͷϾͳǰȥ׷Ҷˣʥ߾ԭ˻ָǵҪָߵĵزҪһϵʱ䡣
Ҷ׵õ֮󣬾չ˷Ӱһ·񱼣˼·Сͽ˰֮Уİ벽ʥ߾ٻңҲҵȥ
Ҷӳɽ֮˷ܵ˵ʦһǼ񵽴ˣǺñûҵջˡ
Ҳ˷ܵ㲻֪һöԵȫǿϷὫƳһöԵĵҩĵҩͻʵΪȻҲЧõġ
ҶĻȻǸӵĸˣæʦǾҵòϣͻȥƵҩ
ȴЦҿ㻹ҪȰѺ׷ɣЩǲưոݵģȷԶһЩȥѰϡ


ٰʮ Σյɽ
Ҷ׵ͷҲЩ˽֣ΪΪ˵ҩΪս֪Щݷͬһ㣬Լ¶ĻܻһǿļΪ˵ˣ
ʦǾͷɳ￪⣬ӦܹܿˡҶ˵
ֻ֮޻ԽԽǿģҪСģȻıҲһЩҲǺô˵
Ҷ׵Ȼ֪ɽڲӵΣգЩ׷߻ģֻǰˡ
Сķд֮£Ҷһ·м֮һȽƽ̹ĵطһԲʮƽأɽǷǳеģҶҲȥϾطҹˡ
ǲжģҹɽӵΣգҲֻ˯
СɵƽأҶ֮󣬳Χ˿Χûʲôޣһǳȫĵطﻹǳĸˣ˸ط£ҲΪ±֣ʹ˸׵ס¡
СػҶҲʲô͵ϮҹʼطѳΪΧǳİɽ֮ӵĳ棬Ҷ֮ʱ˵ԽǵؾȡߣĻͻ°빦ġ
Ҷһ˲ѣϾ͵һ⣺ʦ㲻˵ǵؾȡĻͻ׵֮ɱ𣿡
Ц˵ڰ죬ϵؾ׵ģΪѾ״̬ؾֲص춯ġ
ҶŷĵҲ뿴ؾܸҴʲôĺô
Ǻǣǵɲݶڵؾģ֪ܸʲôĺôɣûЧҲȵ˴ѵļƷҩ
ĻҶϲԽæǵؾȡԼߣؾһȡҶϾͷΧһӾͳޱȣƵɾľӣޱȵܡ
Ҷ׸æʼͷԼһӶһ㣬֮ǰӵУҲܹʵյ࣬ƽʱֹȫû뵽ģʦ˵һٶȡ
ǾҶ֮ʱԶȴһ޵ĺУҶӦûһЩ룬ĻҲҪ೤ʱ䣬е㵣޻
Ҳ֪ĵǣϾͶ˵㰲ɣһΧųһ磬ϢȫĻ޾Ͳᷢˡ
ıҶҲȫĵһһϣʱҶ׸оԼʵ˲٣ٶǳľϲǰҪһͻƵľ磬˵ؾİֻҪˡ
Ҷ׼ɫһֹͣϾͳһЩʳȻϢϢ׼ѰҲϡ
û˵һͷޣһͷ벽ʥ߼ޣûжҶʲôΣգȻɽڲ޻ԽԽǿҲᵽʥ򾳵ޣϾ޻Ϊࡣ
Ҷ׺ɵĽֻնɱһľֵͻʥߵӴֵȣǾ̫ˡ
ܱûеĺãҶ׼ǰѰң·նɱ˼ͷ벽ʥ߼ޣҲǵõ˺ܴĶȻǰ벽ʥ߼еĺʥ߲ˣҲǻһЩŽս
磬Ҷһηһǳϡٵĸ߼һֵɽ֮зֵģȻ˻ǿĸ֪ܸӦΧǧ֮ڵĸ߼ϵϢ
Сӣǰɽ֮һȥժˡɽ֮ǰҶ׵
ҶҲɽЩ죬Ϊɽȱһɺ֣ǼȻ˵и߼ϣҪȥˡ
ȻҶ׵ãŨ֮УҲֻܿǰ׵ľ룬⻹ʵǿһܿǰʮ׾ͷǳˡ
Ҷ̤ɽ֮ͷǳСģΪԽصĵطԽǻΣգʱڲ̽ΧһʲôΣվս׼
ɽȰ׵ľ룬Ͼ͸ое㲻ԾˣΪоǰ֮ޣһֹһͷޣǺüʮͷޡ
ʦǰޣܶͷҶҲǾȵ˵ΪΪġ
ȴõģЩ޵ȼǺܸߣֻһȺ벽ʥ߼ޡ
Ҷ׸æȥӦЩ޵ϢȻǰ벽ʥߣĺܶˣǰнһֱܿЩ޵ʱͣ
Ҷ׿ǰ֮һʮͷ޳֣Щ󣬺ͳף߲ףҪǷӦǺܴˣɽǾСˡ
ʵҲǺǿҶȻҪǴҲ֪ܲսʤΪǵ̫࣬ȴܹѣ㹻ˣҲϵģɱ޵ġ
Ҷǰߵʱȴֵȵȣǰ滹ޡ
Ҷһæ̽ȴûзʲôޣæʵʦǰûѽ
ȴҡҡͷǰ滹һͷǳޣֻûзֶѣЩ㿴õֻһЩѣҪǾǣҲᷢ㡣
ҶϾվǰȥˣЩ벽ʥ߼޶СĻж
ʦʲôȼģҶ׸æʵ
̾޿²ܻܵˣӵʥ򾳵ʵ൱ʥ򾳴ɣһûа취õˡ
ʥ򾳴ʵҶҲǺܳԾܺʥСʵһսʥ򾳴ʵûа취սʤ֣ȥ׶༪ˡ
Ҷæʵڶʲôطôûз֣
ǰɽ֮УΪɽûа취֮̽УҲûз㣬Բûг˵
ԭҶʵʲôıԵҩʲôЧ
æǺöǵɲݣںвϵĹؼΪɽ֮棬һںϵãܵõĻҩƷʻܶ࣬һŷƷҩãҩЧͻƷƷ˵ҪҪ
ҶôףҲʦ˼Ǳѽı߻һӿµޡ
Ҳҡҡͷҿˣͷʥ򾳵ʵ̫ǿĶ֣ǷˣȥĵطѰ
ĻҶЩᣬæʵĵطҵ𣿡
ȴеΪѵɽ֮УĵطºҵҪǿĻ֧ţɽȻƣϢŨΧõ滷ϷŻᷢĴڣֻϧıûа취õˡ


ٰʮ Сǻ
˼˵ǿܳҲˣҶ׷ʵ
ͷпǵģǳϡ٣ҵѾܲˣҪεĻǼ̫Сˡ
ȻСĻǾͲҪ˷һǧѷĻˡҶ׺Ȼ˵
һҲһæʵСӲԸͷʥ򾳵ްɣ
ҶЦʲôԵ𣿡
̫ΣˣĶ֣һƾ㣬Ȱ㻹ǸϿ뿪ⱻ֣ȻʱںܳһѹҲǷǳΣաĵ˵
Ҷ׻ǹִһһԣҼʶʥ򾳴ʵǿߣʵеʶģǴ򲻹ǿߣҩĵģֲǺͷ޾Ȼǿȡѽ
ȡôȡòҪ͹ͷ޵ǻۣѾͻʥ򾳣ܺѾǲˣʲôСıˣǸģȰ㻹ǿ뿪ⱻ޷֡һȰ
һȰҶ׷أǰκΣ֮ʱûȰһͬʵ̫ǿˣһ࣬ĻǿԷһͷޣûʲôôˡ
ֻĻûҶ׺ˣҶȴʦ㲻Ȱˣ֪ʲôͷȻǿ޾ѽõĻҪǴˣܿԺҲĻˣҾûҪһԲС
ڶеԼҶˣûиĻҲڻðգֻ˵ԼҪˣɲ飬ǰҪʲôΣյĻʦԳ֣ܰߣǺһͷʥսʦʲôˣܲܶһ⡣
ҲԼҶ˵֪жΣգֻĻǲܴҶ׵뷨Ҷ׻Ǽֵʦǲսģ취ƭȥժȸʲôطɣҲÿûа취ڲ޵µõ
Ҳֻ˵ͷɽĶڣҪõͱҪڣĻ϶ᾪΧЩޣЩһȻᱻûлˡ
ôɽأһĸ߼϶ɽɣҶЩʵ
ͲˣҪɽ֮еҪɽôյõһԸ㣬ɽȻγɵģͷڳģΪغһȵ֮ɣʵ
ԭ޽ɱˣȻغҿҪСһˡҶ˵
ΣѾ˵ˣɣϷҲԣȻǽϣİţ޵ʳϷҲˡҲε˵
ҶȴЦʦҲ̫û˰ɣҲ˵ȡİ취𣿲ǿģһкܶķֵһ¹ģʦҲ̫ġ
ǵ㱾һ֪ܲǷϣҲסĹҪ̫ˣҪȥժĻһһʧİ취İ취ûС
ҶҲ֪ʦĵеģͷʼ취ɽҶҲĿˣɽΧʮͷİ벽ʥˣܽĻҲԼлġ
ֻνҲǸ⣬Լܲʮͷ޲ϵĻһʱҲûа취һᱻ޷֡
Ҷ׿˿ߵС࣬ȻһС˵С࣬ܲ취ȥһЩʳʮͷ
Ҷ뵽İ취СЩޣȷһеİ취СĻͷʾҶϲ⣬ͶС˵ȥҵʳɣҪܶʳС
СͷҲ֪Ǳʾͬ⻹Ǳʾû⣬ҶĳһξͿˡ
СϾͷ˰գǰĵطѰʳˡʱ˵СץһЩЩ޵ʳ뿪
Ҷ׵ͷҾ뷨ĻҲܹɽ
취ҲȷеֻͨǾЩ޲뿪ɽڣҪСûа취ҵϲʳˡ˵
ҶСǷǳĵģʦ͵ȺϢɡҶ˵
Ź˰ʱӣҶҲȵе㲻ͷˣСҲ֪ȥʲôطôôʱ䶼ûѵҲʵʳе˵ͨѽСʵҲǰ벽ʥ߼𣬶ǰ벽ʥߴɣѾǳĲˣץֻСǷǳ׵飬ôܵڻû
Сʲô鷳˰ɣҶֿʼΪСൣˣҪСʲô鷳ˣ̫ˣĵʱϿպȻһ˻Ҷ׳ϿտȥͿʮϿշɹһֻݣֿһֻṦַݵԽԽ࣬ȻſСɵͷϷ
СԮˣҶҲǴϲ֪Сһֻݣȼܸߣһݶǳķֻû뵽Сôİ֡
ھͿСôЩ뿪ɽˣΪСźܶݣЩޣǳտȥͿܶķڰ֮зɣǵצ£ȻһͷѾɱޣЩʳʱ޵۲ЩǵϷһֱķɣһ㡣
ЩΪ뿪ɽڷһʱ֮СϾͷеķϾͳһķУڷв׵ʱ򣬾ݽһͷɱӵ˵ϡ
ٶȻǱʮͷ޿ˣһ౻ˣϾͳȥһӾͽһͷΧסֻһͷ̫ˣô޳ԵģϾע⵽зݽȥھ볬׿ˡ
Щһγǰ׷ȥΧס˵ڶֻ࿪ʼʳһṦͱйˣЩ޸Ͳ񫣬Ͼ̧ͷգϣЩһӳ
ȻٴνһͷһǾ뼸׿⣬ЩһȥҶȻˣܴӸӦ֪֮ЩѾ뿪ڳһ·ˣһԽԽԶȻСİ취Чˡ
ҶҲǲòСǻˣȻֻһֱݣİ취˻ҪҶ׸æ룬Щ뿪м׵ʱˡ
Ϊǲ̫Щ޵עģЩ޶æų⣬ע⵽ĳ֣Ҷٶȸϵɽڣɽڵʱ򣬲ŷɽ̫ˣֱһҪߡ


ٰʮ ǿķ
ԹԣôߣҲֻʥ򾳵ܹסˣҶҲһĸ̾ҪҵǶСæΧ˿ȴûпʲôĴڣһͨĻûп
ѵʦǿˣûʲôҶ׸æʵʦ˵ѽôͿ
æڶڣڶڽȥʮҵλãҪ붴ڲС
Ҷ֪ѽæ￴ȥȻͿһСĻɽ棬仨أһұ֮ϣΧûκεҶֲΧȴһƬ֣ر۲죬ͿĴڡ
ǾɣҶָָǰĻ˵
ԣ㿴ѾҪˣһĻͻұڣڿ棬Ҳ˵ɽӵܣܵ˵׷ɽκεط档˵
ڻûг죬ҸϿ콫ժɡҶϾͿҪһЩȵط֣ȻѾܹƶˣʱѾƶףһֱּ׵ľ롣
ô£ʦ㲻˵ûг𣿲ƶġҶ׸æʵ
ֻ˵뿪ұڣѾҪˣܹұ֮ƶֻǲұڰˣҪץסҪСˡ
ҶҲ֪Լﲻ̫ܶǿĻױ޷ֻ֣Ŀϣƶˡ
ǵոտһ㣬ٴƶֺһľ룬ҶеջˣһץһֻССĻϾͶȻҶ÷ӰǿޣԼĽŲӿӦò̫⡣
Ҷ׵ٶѾܿˣ˵˲ǰٶȾȻҪ죬Ǹ㿪ˡ
ʲô⣬Ȼô죬ĳɾˡҶҲ̲סеôٶȶץǰеûˡ
ɴʩչӰɣҾͲ㻹ܶ㿪Ҷ׶ԼķӰǷǳţﵽʵķӰԿ쵽˲Ծǧ׿ٶˡ
ʱҲ뷨æСӣòҪӰˣӰȻܿ죬һʩչض;ޣһ޳ˣܶˡ
ô죿ѵĿȴòҶ׼Щͷ
𼱣Ϊʦһ취æ
Ҷһϲʦ˵ʲô취
֮ûа취ΪͷųһΣյϢϢܶһַıܷӦֻҪһϾͻŶˣҪϢȥ޷ϵΣϢͿԿˡ
ҶͷҲһ˻ҪУ֪ԼģԶ㿪ԼαⱻأҶæʵʦôϵϢˣ
Ҷ֪̫ҪǰԼϢ͸ˣ˵Ϊʦһ취㽫ϵħ򿪣Լħ̨֮ϣħһƶɣͬǾԣԶûκεвܹǰֻҪУħʱٳ֣Ȼץֻˡ
Ҷ׻û뵽İ취ħȻʩչܶΣȴûԼȥرħ̨涼֪һʲôĸо
Ȼʦ˵ˣǿ϶ͿȥˣҶæͷæųħħһȻͼһ΢ĶҲħסˡ
Ҷ׸æɿħ̨̨ϣܸоΧʱһˣϢȫ뿪ֲʦ˵Ϣȷˡ
Ҷ׸æƿħĿȻûжһֱȵħѾֻһ׾룬ҶеȲˣҪ֣о˲Ծһ㣬Ȼͳƶȥ
ҶҲû뵽ôܿ쵽˵زֵĻᶼûˣոƶȴͣ˵Ѿ֮סˣȻᱻ޷ֵġ
Ҷ֪ʦˣæץסǶһѾʹұ֮ϳֵ뿪Ѿܹܵҵˣߡ
ҶҲ֪ǳΣգæħͳȥ
ǵڵʱ鷳ˣΪһͷ۾
ͷ޾ǸոձСȥ֮һͷȴڰϷˣҲ֪֪ǼƲ߻ΪԱԭ򣬷ǻˡ
Ҷ׿ͷ޾֪鷳ˣҲҺͷսϾͳǰȥͷȴˣ˫һͳɱ
Ҷ׵ٶȫ˦ͷ޵ģͷ׷֮ʱһĺ֮ҶԣҲܲµͷ޴Ϣˡ
Ҷ׾͸ǳǰɱǺٴδһУһεĺȫǰĺвͬҶ֮ҲǸоһĲһͷµ޷ĺУͷʥ򾳵ޱˡ
ҶֻƴĳǰȥǺ޺ҲԽԽ£ͷѾɽ׷
СҶ׸æպȥʱһֻ£С࣬Ҷ׸æȥСԼ뿪Σյĵط
Ҷ֮УŴǶͷ޵׷ˣҪͷʱȴȻһҶ״һͷһȻһͷеޡ
Ҷ׻֪ô£ѵͷҲܹˣ㳬СһֻͬСĳҪҪͷͷޣ¶˫峬ɣһβͣ˾޴ȻܹУʲôޣ
ʦôô£ܷУʲôޣҶ׸æʵ
æϷҲˣȻûвһͷǿԷеģٶȺܿ죬ʵһ鷳ˡ
Ͳ˵ˣѾܹܵˡҶСķ֮ѾܿˣǷȻܹ׷ᣬСǲֹˣǾȻܹ׷Կжˡ
Ƿ֮ٶ˵õޣڿн֣ĶˣǸϽɽ֮УľΪԼķǷ󣬺ѱܿҲֻܻٶȣЩľ赲
Ҷ׸æС˵СȥǴ֮жܡ


ٰʮ 
СҲǷǳģҲ֪һĶֺǿæͳȥһͷ˴֮УķҲͬ˴֣СΪСһЩַǳڴ֮л࣬ǷͲˣȻҲкǿķ̫ˣһȥֱײЩߴľ֮ϣʵ̫ǿˣЩߴľȫͱƵһǿǰȥ
ȻľǲܵסǵȷܻٶˣһСܺ룬ҶҲǴˡ
ķжС˵ҲǷǳѣҪȫעʱСģǳķҵͿշУױ޹
аʱӣҶĺСˣҲ֪ͷµķʱǱ˦ˣǲСɵУΪһ˿УǺܾܿͱ֣ٴγΪĿꡣ
ǾҶΪܴʱȻ͸о洫һΣյϢһӰСҶ׸æ֣һֱӳǵӰȥͼӰʱϳΣȥ
һֻҶٳ濴ͿѾվʮˣЩ챻Ҷ͵ض顣
СӾ档ʮλǿѾҶ׺С෢˼Сֻ뿪Ϳգٴηɵ˰֮С
ʱĺִ֮ˣҶֻ֪Ҫ˿УҪ׷ϣϲ²ãǲ֪Ǻá
ʦ취ѽһθô죿Ҷ׼æȡ
˵СӣһοҪðˣҵģھͷȥ
Ҷһʦôĸ֣ȥҲǵĶ֣ȥ͵ǵȥ𣿡
ȴֲҪϾȥǷ֮Ͼͳ·ȥһǷ϶͸һȥˣΪЩһģȻЩһҲǵʵܹסƬ̵ģͿԳûѣܲѾͿıˡ
ҶҲһϲԭʦҪԼЩ֮ȥǻսԼͿԳûˣȻһǳĺ⣬⵱ȻҲкܴΣգҲҪ׼սС
С࣬Ƿʱһȥ뿪ҽ㡣Ҷ׶С˵
Сͷʾ˼ʱǷѾϵҶײǧ׵ľ룬Ҷ׸оʱѾˣʹСı£䵽һŴ֮ϣСϾ͵ͷߡ
ǷһҶȥˣҲͲСΪ֪Ҷ׵ϣͳҶ߷˹ȥ
Ҷ׼ѾԼɹϾͳ£ʮλֻڳԾҶ׵ľٶǼҶ֮ǾͳҶΧ
ֻû뵽ǣҶ׵ĺȻһͷµޣͷǴµģһӾͽչⶼڵסˣЩס֮ʱҶȴûߣǳ˼ʵĶ֡
ҶҪЩ֮ǾֻܿԼˣһҶ׳嵽Ⱥ֮УȻҲȥЩ˿ǿķҲŵòᣬ׷ܣҪץҶףҶȴ벽ʥߵʵ˵ǰ棬Ƿ˰£ֻצϾͳ벽ʥץ
벽ʥǷĶ֣ǻûüֱӱצ˺ƬˣĸһԼ˱ɱҲŵòᣬƴѣǵٶȻûҶ׿죬Ҷ׼벽ʥѾɱϾת⼸벽ʥߵ߷ɱ
Ϊǵ˵棬ʱĵкܶľͽٶȫҲֻڵȳǰܣٶȴǷǳĿ죬׷Щ֡ܲİ벽ʥ߾ʹе
ǰĸһϾͻͷһԼҪǷɱˣʱǰʥҲͣˣǻ࿴һۣͽе˹ޡ
ǵЩܵİ벽ʥҲϾͳ˷ȻǵʵԶ࣬ʥߣֵƬ̷ġ
Ǳʥ߱һȫĵطһλʥæλ˵ߣʵˣﵲסƬ̣ˣ취ߡ
λʥȫΪҪŻģҪȻĻԷʵٶȣǾӲߵġ
Ҳ֪ԼΣմʥ˵ҪúñԼǰǡ
λʥæҪǣֱɽȥɣ̫Σˣܻܲ⡣
ʥ߿ķǳʵ̫ǿֻֿܵƬ̣ȴ޷ˣǶѡ
ҲǵΣմȻЩᣬǻǵͷϾͳǰȥλ֮ʥϾͼ˹ս
˿̵Ҷ׸Ͻ취ѣȴһʥ߷֣еСܣ
˵ͳҶһʹҶףҶֻǼæܣȴҲͣ˷ɱĽŲ
ɵʥҪڶιʱ򣬷Ѿ˹ĿҶףʥҶ׵ǰȻҲ˷Ĺ󣬷һ޴צͳʥץʥŵæ롣
ǻûеߣһβ;ͽӰֱ֮ɨʥ߱ǷβֱУ˵£һʥֱˣ첻ܶ
Ҷ׳ûǰߣҺٶȺܿ죬ӰѾߵˮƽǰкܶľҲͬƽ̹ߣЩľܴİ֣Ƿûôˣ޴彫еľȫѹҶ˶
ǺʥΪ˾ˣæһ¼ŭ˷ͷЩ˿ʼҵĹ
һβɨֱǴݿһ㣬еȫɨϣԲʮ֮ڶһƬƽأβȴʮɨȥʮϾͷɵ֮жܣǵǸոշɵ֮Уȴһ޴ĳ˴еֻоԼǰһڣȻȫڵء
ʮ벽ʥȫ˹ȥΨһѵʥҲҡͷԣҪȥǷȴ͵ץʥֵסצֱӱ˺ѿ˷һƷ
̶Ƭ֮䣬ѾôĸȫɱԿʵжôľˣҶ׵ĻĺѼһС
̶̵Ƭ̹򣬾Ҷܹѷ׷ˣǷٴתǰ׷Ҷ׵ʱҶҲѾܵûӰˡ
ǿʵԿԼǿĸ֪жҶ׵λãٴγҶ׷


ٰʮ Ѱݵ
Ҷ׿ܣͳɱĻǷٿҲûа취׷һǰܣһں׷Ҷܵļæ˵ʦҽһ˦
ϾҶ׵ϢȻ˵ѾϢˣ޻ʧȥĿ꣬Ͻܡ
Ҷ׼ӿ첽˸ͳǰɱȻ޵ĶʼСˣ֤Ѿ˦ʱǲҽС࣬ΪСһ֣޿ֻ֪١
Ҷ׾ɽ֮кĿĵһֱиʱ䣬޾ǿҵҲˣͣæֶ˵ʦ˦˰ɣ
ͷˣڵѰ㣬ֻû˷ͣϢϢ
ҶŷĵȿˮֵոʮôˣҶ׸ոֻܣûעЩ˵³ֻ֪ûж󹦷ͽսӦе鷳ˡ
ǶѾ޻ɱˣʣһҲڵķˡ𲻽
Ҷ׶ʱɫ䣬ôĸ־ȻͱɱˣҲ̫˰ɣҪǻҪӱɱ
ҶԽԽǺ£æʦôôͱ޻ɱ
㲻֪޵Ϊʦ˵ˣ޵ʵ൱ʥ򾳴ɣЩ˼Ҳʥ򾳳۷壬Ķ֣һˣǵ
ҶϾͲʵҲǺǿȴݸ߹
Ҳ֪᲻ʶңҪʶҵĻԺҪҵ鷳ˡҶ֪ԼǴ˶鷳ʮֱֵӵĹϵ
ҲҪ̫ˣĳѾǿˣٶһҲûʲôϵ󡣡Ц
Ҷ׿ЦʦҲ˵ͽֻǿοԼ˵ģʵ˭Լȫء
ҲûãѾǼԼ飬ҪǼĻǳģ㲻ȥ
ҶҲǵͷʦ˵ǣǸǻǻ㲻ȥɡ
ҶԼõļһѾַ񼶵ĵҩˣʦѾõֲˣҪвϲС
ϵֲѾܹƵҪˣҪһҩܷӳҩЧ״̬ҩҲɲݣҲȪõܹõһöݵĵҪʥ߼𣬶ҵȼС࣬ĵ̺ǿһУضҩЧﵽһ״̬ܵõһöСһȼݵĻΪʦ԰ƳһŷƷ鵤
Ʒ鵤ҶҲ۷Ź⣬һ뵽ʦһػôҪейˣҶæʦͲҵ׻õıȥңҪСһĵȼСİ֮ѽ
æЦҲһЩͼҩĻ鵤кܴӰ죬ΪǰõĵɲݺȶǷǳ߼ĲϣһҩһȽϵͼĲϣƳĵҩƷʾͻۿۣﲻ񼶣ҪˣҪʱʦƳˣ˵߼
ҶʦĻ͵ȻҾҪȥĸ߼ˣһʱҲҲܼⱩ
˵ͶˣҪõ͵ĲϣʦҲԸأڲҪˣȻĻ˵ͻҵˡѵ
Ҷ׸æվǰߣٶֻҪɳϿգҪҵԼѾ̫ˡ
Ҷ׾֮һ·Ѱңʲôݵϳ̧ͷҿҲûпзݵѣƵʱЦΪЩݻὫѰĴ֮𣿡
ҶеԾѵģǽѰʲôط
ЦǻὫѰ֮ϣĻͻⱻɣҪҵĲϾͱȥµĵط
ϣȷһð취⸽£ֲܷѰң޻ֵᷢġҶеΪˡ
Ϊʦ㿴ˣǰǧ֮һ£ߴǧɣЩݰҵĺõطȥûҪ鵰ɡ
Ҷһǰ£Ͼ͸˵ĳǰɱȥȻһ·֮ǰͳһ£µԱߣôһҶ׶оͷеˣΪͿףһƣ֪ж
ʦ˵ݻὫѰ𣿡Ҷʵ
ǵģǾﰲҵġ
ôҲһѽʲôûСҶͿ˿ܿĵطȴûпһϡ
Сֻǿ˱棬ЩݵѶ֮Ͽһ󶴣¿ȻǿˣҪȥǵĶԱ߲Żᷢǡ
ԭҪ£ôߣҪǲСĵȥǾûˡҶҲЩˣȻʵѾܲˣߵ£ܹУ޷Ա
ҲϵȷеΣգûΣյĻôܵõ鵰ʵûκε⣬ֻҪûܵĹ㻹ǿġ
ʦҵĵľȥ˼ҵȥ񵰣Ǵ˻ҪҾ֮Ķ֣㲻þͻȥˡ
ҶҲǷǳȫҪƽʱõģĵϱݹǾҪˡ
ȴǺٺЦǾͿĵˣҪҪȥԼΪʦֻǽطľ
ͲҵȥˤҶæ
ٺ٣ʲôҪˤˣҵ£һһˣ˷ʱˡЦ
ԭˣֻҳ£ûκε⡣Ҷе㲻ˡ
˵ˣһжԼҲҪǳҲҡϾͽϵƲøɸɾ
ߣˤȥˣҲԱҲûа취ȥҶͬ˵һͷ
ҶˣΪʦأҪˣΪʦֵ֪ܼܲ˳֣ˣΪʦǻҪΪʦᾡģ㻹һ裬С޺ҵģȥˡ
ҶһԴЦô鶼ˣСһʲôٸҲ¡
Ҷ׶оԼеɵˣС඼ˣæӦٻС࣬ãСͳˣ䵽Ҷ׵ǰҶ׾Ͷ˵С࣬ҴȥҪѰ鵰


ٰʮ ߵ͵Ϯ
СҲǺܾȵӣֵʵСңСݣ֪ЩݵĵȼȻֱܷ鵰ĵȼҲð㾡ҵ
Ҷһϲʦ˵ѽС࣬һöȼ鵰Ҫõġ
СϾ͵ͷʾͬˣҶ׾ͷС壬Сֱ£°֮пʼѰҡ
Ҷ֮󣬹ȻͿܶĶڣЩһ㶼кü׿һʮ׵ľ޴󶴿ڣҺҲǳЩھԵòôˡ
СȻǶȽ˽⣬ܿһѨǰ棬Ҷ׾˻˼ҶϾ֪˼Ҫ鵰ֻҶСĻ˼Ǿһͷ൱ݡ
ҶҪȥõö鵰ĻҪݽˣɽ֮Уºȡʤֻ֪ݵʵ
ʦ֪ʵôҶ׸æʵ
ʵҲǺǿС࣬ȥĻӦûʲô̫Σա˵
ĻҶеˣæǾͽȥ
ҶϾͷɵɽ֮ڣСΪɽҪֻɽԵͣ£ܽɽ
Ҷ׾ͶС˵СҰɣҵ鵰֮Ͼͻġ
Сͷغ˶ڣҶСĵ뵽֮ڣɽҲһɶߣҶ׽֮ҲоǳĿΧұڶǳĹ⻬ӦǷݾԭ
СҪСˣɽǷѾ㣬ֻûѡΪڷѵ
Ҷ׾͸СˣܿͿǰ⣬ͬһ㣬Ͼ֪ݵ˫ۡ
ɽ֮Ϊйߵ䣬Ҷ׻ܹϡǰ״ǰһֻڶУһ˫ȴڶҶףƺҪʱ
Ҷ׷鵰ȫݵĶ棬Ҫõ鵰ĻͱҪݾ
ʦô뿪Ҷһʵ򵥵⡣
Ҳĸɴࣺûбİ취ֱӳȻɽٻһö鵰ˡ
ҶҲǵͷҲֻ취ˡ˵֣ˡ
ȴЦ˼һֻĸģȻƺ֡˵ǹЦ
һЦҶ׸оϻģæֻкѣҪ˼ҵĵҪ˼ҿһǡ
㻹ǸϿжɣҪʱˡЦ
Ҷ׾ͻһǺǿȴҲЩֻݸоΣˣҶ׳ݴһƣȻ͵ȴݵķӦ
ݹȻͽŭˣϾ뿪ԭسҶɽ֮У޷ֻƾֻצӳǰɱٶȾͲҶˣҶ׼ѾмƣϾͷɱɽһӾͷɵСϣС˵ߡ
Сæɳ£ֻϾ͸󣬿ǵҶ뽫ֻյʱȴͣˣֻ±ϷУͲȥ׷
Ҷеоûа취ˣҪǲ׷ĻԼҲûа취ɽɽԼʵȻռϷ磬˭֪ᷢʲô飬ɽĵ̣ҶײɱֻݣϾ˼ҵ鵰ģҪɱǾ̫Բͷˡ
Ҷæ˵ڲô죿
ȴҡҡͷҲûʲô취Ϊʲôܹѽ
ҶֻԼ취ˣ˿Χһ뿪ɽģֻеȴʱ
ʦҪȥʳɣҾ±ߵǣȥٶ֡Ҷ׵
Ҳһİ취Ͳ֪Ҫȶˣݿһʮ²ģѵҪôʱ䣿ʵ
ȵȵȿͳˣҾͽȥʵǲҲֻܲȡǿʽˣĻеԲֻˡҶ׵
ǺǣСӻѽ濴Ц
ΪЩɱ˲գ۵ļһǺҵһҪ˼ҵѵҪɱԸȼ죬ҲҪ֡Ҷ׵
ˣʦҲһ㣬κΣյĻĻǺܴģһ˵ҲǷǳҪĻŲ߻ħ״̬
ĻиݵģԽǵߵļЩΪɱ¾ԣ̫ѪծԼıԶʧˣоͻ߻ħ״̬һ״̬߹ʧߵ
Ҷæҿû뵽ôֻ࣬ǲɱֻݶѣСȥɣֻݳȥ֮ȥ͵һö鵰
СϾʹҶ׷£Ҷ֮󣬾֮ϢһƬ⻬ĵ棬չҫʺϢ
Ҷ׸ɴȡһЩʳãȻͶС˵С࣬Ҷֻݣ뿪ɽĻϾ͸ҡ
СҶ׵˼֮Ͼͷ˳ȥʱעǸɽҶҲͷĵʯͷ֮ЪϢˡ
ıʲôҲ֪һȾһʱ䣬ȵڵʱСʾǷݸû뿪Ҷ׾ĳ˵ҪżǻкüʱԵȴϾҹɡ
Ҷ׾ɽ֮Ϲҹˣҹһ㶼صԼϳģҶײĻᱻϮСڣûôΣա
Ҷ׾￪ʼҰ˵ؾٴȡõؾ԰Լٶȣһҹܿ͹ȥˣʱҶҲֹͣСȥݵ
Ҷ׾ɽ֮ϢƬ̣۾Ҫ˯ŵʱȻоһ˿ΣϮҶѸٵĳԼһץһֻץס
ҶٻͷһһӰϾʧ֮УҶһԾûϾȥ׷ϣΪ͵ϮϿԷʵߣûдﵽ벽ʥߵļ
ôһʵ벽ʥߵ߻Ҷһ룬Ͼ뵽һˣֻ˲пܳ͵ϮԼ
λ˵ôֻ֮ҴԼ϶ǻǿҵĳޣ͵ϮԼǷǳˡ
ΪȷԼ뷨Ҷ׸æ˵ʦո͵ϮҵǲǸ
ĻҲϾͿ϶˵ǸˣΪʵ̫ˣΪʦû㣬벻ȥ׷ɱ
ҶҡҡͷˣҪҵҲΪҺ£ڻвҵİȫ˰ɡ


ٰʮ صɽ
ȴҡҡͷûûа취㹹вǵȥ֮ǾͶһ޴вˣڽɱˣǾû֪飬Ҳû˻㱨ˡ
Ҷȴ붼ûҲдȣһҪɱڵĻҲ̫ˣҪұǶԵģˣҲҪԵģҲӲ
̾˵ʵȻĵĵض˵δػһ£Σջ֮£Խͻ¸Ļᡣ
ҶȴһǾɣȻˣҲԼΪ˱ɱ˲գ۵Ķħ
Ҷ˵Ҳֻ̾û˵ʲôҶ׾ͼϣûȥ׷Ǹ
ͬʱһʼƴıӣǵһ·֮ȻֺȻû׷ǳ⣬ڴ󵨵Ĳ鿴֮ȻҶ׻֮ϣոոûзʲôһ㡣
ҲǾ֣ѵԼ͵Ϯ˵ͲʲôвǼʹҲ׷ɱԼɣ˭ŹһɱԼˡ
ԽԽˣҲóȻ֣ԶĹ۲ҶףʱҶҲѷҶײû
һĹȥˣҶ״֮ϼȻҲԶϢʱ۲Ҷ׵Ķ
ΪģȻ֪ԼʵҶҲʱ򣬵˯ˣԼٳ֣лˡ
Ҫ֪Ҷ˯ˣҲûκεĻᣬͻ뿪ˣļҲҶЩ⣬ЦСӻģ˯ʱ֣ҿ㻹ǽˡ
ҶҡҡͷˣŰɣԺ׵ģҪɱĻûˣҲɱңͲҪȥŻˡ
Ҷ׾ͼȵϣҶȴû˯Ϊһ㶼ǰϢǸЩ޴ˣֱҲûҵᣬǲԸȴᡣ
ҶҲòִˣҺĳһûˡ
Ҷ׾͵ʲô鶼ûзһ磬СǷɵҶ׵߸һϢֻ뿪ԼˣȥѰʳ
Ҷ״ϲϾͷСıϣ£ֱɽ֮Уܿ͵˶ȻͿöȭͷС鵰Ҷ׸æȥȡһöУԼҲҵʱ䣬æھҪ뿪
Ǿոճ˶ڵʱСȴȻһҶ̧ͷһֻݾȻˣѾԼ׷϶Ҷ׸æСıϣС뿪
Ǻݾǽ׷ˣСֻݵʵ൱ٶҲ൱һҶڿкѰѶֻ֣ݿʼڰ֮׷Ҷæ˵ʦһǵõĲϹ˰ɣ˵ĻǾ뿪ɡ
ͷڵĲѾƳƷҩˣ뿪ˡ
Ҷһϲʹ뿪ɽǰԪ۹ôɽ֮ҲЩԪ۹ȻԪûиźţǱϾԼһµĻͲˡ
ҶæС˵СǸûȥˣԪ۹
СϾ͵ͷԪ۹ȥֻȴں׷ϣҶײֻݣֻǲûа취鵰һ·׷ţҶҪɽԪ۹
ǾɽϷ֮ʱȻһŭһŭ𾪳Ҷһ亹Ϊֻʲôˣ׷Լķ
ɲǶ֣Ҷ׸æСӿٶȳԪ۹ȥֻҪԪ۹ǷҲǰϾ磬Ҳİȫ
һ֣Ҫ߾ͷǳˣǷٶС֮ϣܿͺС˾룬Ҷ׻ͷһֻԭ׷ԼķһҲ׷ˣӵһߣľֻм·ˣҪ׷ȥƬ̹Ҫ׷ϡ
ѵҪ֮Ҷײ棬Ҫ뿪Ƿʵ̫ǿˣͲǶ֡
Ѿ뿪ɽΧһЩϡľסĲҶ׿ҲǷǳżܿѾһǧˣ˲ܸϵҶ׸еѹܼСϣΪĻֻҪСһˡ
ҶϾʹС£䵽ĵϣһ棬Ҷ׾ľܼĵطȥǷҶ׷ҲϽҶһƬľ֮УǺķȴƬľȫƵҶ׸ûеطܡ
ܿѾҪҶˣצѾҶҶ׸о϶ܣǷһεĹʧЧΪҶ׵ķӰ̫죬Ϊǵ棬ԷӲʵʱ˵ǰɽȥ
Ҷſǰһɽ붼û˽ȥӦÿ˵ѽؼʱһɽĻ϶Ӳˡ
Ƚɽ֮ҶٻͷһǷҲ嵽ɽĿͷ󣬸겻ʼɽܿǰˣϾϰ湥
ҶһƣæܣҺɽҶһǧףȻûеͷһˣǷҲܽһɽͷȫƷˡ
ȻǷһʱ䣬滹ףͷ˹Ҷûȥû뿪͵СӲҪȥˣǷȥأɡ
Ҷ֪Ƿǲ뿪ģڱͳ濴ȥ뿴ûгڣҶ׾ͼȥ߹հ˹֮Ҷ׾ȻûеͷֱһǳĿռ䡣
ռȫͬˣһӣΧķģҶ׽뵽棬һҲǷǳĳԾΪȻһ·
Ȼ·ҶܲԾϾʶ϶Ҳ˾סˣѵסΪûйߣҶȡϵĻʯȼһЩ֦һſ
ռһ壬ΧұϷǳĹ⻬ȻһЩź֣ҶҲûϾȥЩֺͷţǿ롣
ȻһʯʯԲΣʯΧмʯʣȻΪģҾɽ֮о͵ȡĵģԾǣʯϻһյ͵ƣҶ׸æȥ͵ƣ͵ѾȼٿʯԱһŴŴȴʯͷ죬ľͷƳɡ
ֻǵϵʱǱŵˣ˺󼸲Ϊһ˶׼ȷ˵ǲһˣһá


پʮ ɽ˵
ҶһЩ񣬸æϸȥ÷ǳƽȶȻλȥ֮ʱԼѾ֪ȴš
ĳҶҲˣλӦþˣҲȥֻǲ֪ΪҪ
Ҷ׸æ˵ʦʲôطʲôˣ
æӦһλɽߣ֪ΪҪʵµûмĶ֡
ҶһαĻһ˾Ȼôæʵʦô֪ʵ
ЦϷܴĹϾͿԿʵˣ˵Ѿﵽʥ۷ˣȻûϷôǿ󣬿ѾǷǳ˲ˣڵ磬ӦÿԺʹ½ϼǿ߶Ծˣֻû뵽ȥ
ѽȻôΪʲôҪﲻҳȥѵΪͻ𣿡Ҷʵ
ܣΪɽԵõܶòԴݣҪǻƵҩĻԼƵҩʵȫģгҲһƲ⣬пҲΪ˵׷ɱò㵽ѣȻΪĳֲɿܵԭ
ĻҶһĸ̾æ˶еоʧˣҵʵ֪Ҫ೤ʱ䣬Ҿ㵽ʵҲһˡ
΢΢һЦСӲҪʧˣһ;Ҫ츳ٷжٷԣԼڵҲĲˣǹԹԵֲǵΪԼ㻹ԼĳҪ
ҶҲǵͷʦֻ˵˵ѣлһ£ûʲô뷨ʦǿ˵ʲô˰ɣҿӦһЩ
ӦþµЩ֮Уұ֮Ŀ֪ˡ
ҶϾұԱߣһЩûм֣ͿЩұϵͼ͸ǿˣҶҿʲôŵеʧʦЩôڵ֣һףʦܿ𣿡
ȴһֺܹϵ֣Ѿټˣ㲻ʶҲΪ档
Ҷ׼ܹףæʵʦ˵ʲôѽ
ϸһ飬˵˵ȥһЩ¼һλļ̳ߣֻΪ֮дݺ䵽
ҶҲǾȵһļ̳ߣӦһǿļ壬û˵ϣУǱ˭ݺģ
ͷѾϸ˵ˣһջƵļ̳ˣǱ˭ݺҲдˣҸһ֪ˡ
ҶϾϴ´飬ǼϣڽԵˣϣܼߣܳΪ֮ͽ֮ѧ֮ߡջ죬ǻϼĵһ̳ˣֻڴɽΧ֮ʱճϻҫ˼ݺ˲ΣЩ֣ϣԵܹΪұ𣬱֮бһѣһöлʽƷף鵤öָɽ֮УԵܹΪ˳ϣǰ˼壬ݣΪұ𡣡
ҲͣҶ֪˵־ôˣæʵʦϼ֪𣿡
ͷƼڴ½ϻǺպģʶǸļ嶼ǲ£Ǵ½֮һ˵Ӧþ壬ʵҲֻļŻó컹ܵԩˣֻȥ˼ǧ꣬Ҳ֪ܱܲ
ҶæϣܹӣԲЩ
ЦȻϣΪ𣬿ǻƼҿɲһļ壬ǵǰҲСӣȣҪΪ𣬱һҪϺܶ౶Ȱ㻹ǲҪ뷨ˣȽԼ˵
Ҷ׵ͷʦ˵ҲеǼȻˣͺλԵˣȻǲܰ𣬲ܽػƼҵĻҲǶһοɡ
ȴǳЦǿЩɡ
ҶһȵҿɲǵΪȻˣλҲ˵ܹõıҲ͵ģֻıȻҪΪ£뽫ܴػƼҡ
Ҳǵͷ뷨ҲĵСӣ϶ıɶ²ȥƼңҪǿ֮Ҫȥ˻ƼңƼҵ峤ѾĺˣͶˡ
ҶæʦףҲҪҽʥ߼ŻȥģȥҲҡڵȥǻƼҵˣҪ˵
Ǿͺãҿǻµıﻹõϣȥһݰɣı͵ͽˡѵ
Ҷе㲻˼ˣʦҪǰʦô죿㲻Ҳʦ𣿡
ȴǷǳ󷽵ЦʲôΪʦҲǰ˼ʦģҲֻʦûΪʦʦ࣬ȥݰɣΪʦǲƽϵġ
õʦ׿ϣҶ׾æǻǰݵҶף֮䴳뵽˵أұϵ֣ԸΪͽܣҴӦػƼңֻǵʵ̫ҪºѣҲᾡΪھͰʦʦ󣬵Ӿͽˡ
˵Ҷ׾ͶǻݣȻվ˵ʦˣҪɽˡ
˵ǰȡϵһöɽ䣬õɽ֮ҶҲϾʹ򿪣Ǽ˼ݣȻȥ
Ҷ׶˵ʦѾõɽˣұϵķʲôѵʲô߼𣿡
ЦõһЩ򣬶мĺôļҲǳĸ߼Ȼҵڻʽ׼ȴ߼ˣҪǺúĻʵҲмİ
ԭĸҪˡҶϾչ䣬Щұϵķż£ȴЦҲҪҲȥɣеʱǡ
ʦ˵ҲǣɴҾˣλʦ飬Ҳλʦĸ߼ˡҶҲǷǳ˵˵
ҿ㻹ȴɽ俴ǲ˵Ǽ
Ҷ׾ͰʦĻɽ䣬һ۾ͿһıȡʱϹ˫ۣȻ֪ĵȼǴϣȴȫԿ϶ѱҪԼӵĸ߼


پʮһ 񼶱
ΪѱһʱΧһӿҲֻΧ߮ȴûӿļ󣬶Χӿķǳľңܹоһǿ
ʦʲôôôҸоеѳֲסˡҶֻоԼֶе㲻ʹˣΪǰѱŷһоֲ
ҲǹЦСˣһ׵ıǼֱһһ£֪񼶵ıʲô𣿡
Ҷҡҡͷ֪챦֮ϵģ϶ҪǿˣЦ½֮ϣﵽ񼶵ʮľһ˵ǲ̫ˡ
Ҷ׶ʱŵĿ࣬½ֻʮȻˣҶ׽Ͱ͵˵ʦ㲻ڿЦɣ߼ıǲɲõˡ
ȴԵ˵Ļ治ıõˣҲ˵ĳϵģ˵ͻʥ۷弶𣬴ﵽ˿쾳ǿߣǿ߼ǰˣҲֻ˲õı
쾳Ҷһʥ֮ϵľ𣬶ڵҶ˵Ǽֱ죬ԼͿľ磬ڿ쾳ûʲôڴ½Ͻֻʮ񼶵иģǾǼƷеļƷ
Ҷ׾ȵ˵ѵƼҳ˿쾳ǿ𣿡
ȴǷ񶨵ӦûУϷ֪½ûһͻʥ۷壬Ҳ˵û˽ֻҲ֪ΪʦҲһؿڰһֻ֮˵ӳǧ꣬˿˵ǰˣƼȻǼ֮һҲûֻıӦûеģΪмĴУȻԴõܶıѱӦþ֮һ
Ҷײȥʲô쾳ֻЩ˵̫ңԶֻ뿴ǰģæȻѱȼôߣһסоǳѣоһҺµ˵Ұɣ
ȻᣬѱǻҲǻƼҼ̳˵һǻƼҵĴұˣ֮Ըо£Ϊʵ̫ˣֻдﵽʥ߼ܹӳһֻǷӳٵĲ֣ѱȫĻ쾳£ʥ۷弶Ǳɱ˵ܲо𣿡
ĻֱҶ׵Сˣʥ۷弶𶼿ԻɱıȻ䵽ˣ⻹ˣҶǻе㷢ˣҲ֪ǱⱦĿֲĽԼĻŵóӡ
ʦڻɣҶʳһʵ⣬ѱܲò֪ġ
ЦҪõȻҲԣΪҲﵽʥߵʵҲֻǸոչ㷢ӲٵܷӳһСơ
˵СжѽӦñڵɣҶ׻Щĵʵʵ֪ѱڵԼܴﵽʲô
ͲҪȰɣǼֱһˣڵʵʹӳСƣҲӳļԽսһӵļ˵֮ǰʥ򾳳ڵĻҪ񼶵ıͿԻɱʥ򾳳ڵĶ֣˵󲻴󣿡
ôֲҶٴα𺳵ˣǼֱһ޷ͻƣһѱͰܽʵһ磬ֻ񼶵ܹģ⻹ֻѱСһǲԼܹȫƿѱԼҵǿ
Ҷ׸һ˷ܵʱȴ˵Ҫóѱ˾ĻֻһƬ𶯣һε𶯿ɲǼ۹𶯣½ᱻ𶯣񼶵һĻ½ϼϾͻǧټƵѰ䣬ǲ䵽˵ġ
ʦ˼ҪսĻԼܴΣաѾ֪ˣǰõļȻȼԶԶͬۺģһҲûйϵ
ȴҡҡͷ㻹ǰõıܺѱȣȻеıȼҲܸߣеĻ޷̽飬ѱһó˭ʶ͸˵ˣرǻƼңϾͻ֪ıһǰļ̳йأ˵Σж󡣡
һ˵Ҷ׻е㺦ˣֻƬ̵ĺ£ָֻ򶨣ıô÷ҲܲôˣȻҵҾȨʦ㻹ǸôɣȼıһкѵĿɣ
Ҷ׵߼ıԼòˣĻһˣԽǸ߼ıԽ׿ƣͺһԽǸ߼ԽǴҲˣﵽ񼶵Ѿӵ˼ˣȫ˽˵Ĺͼ˲ƵɱУֻҪΪˡ
ҲɱУǻˣҶ׾̾ҪΪ˿϶ѣǲǲ񣿡
ոѾ˵ˣﵽʥ߼ʵҲͿԳΪˣҸոѾ̽ѾӡȥҲǵԺ˵õ֮ȴûа취ȥԼµӡǣѱҲ֮ֻҪԼϢܳΪĵڶˡ˵
ҶȻϲԽæھͽҵϢ֮С
Ҷ׸æųԼһϢǱ֮УоûκεķǰıӵƿأϢ֮ǱϾͷһ⣬ȻʧҶ˲͸оеıôˣ׾ٵĽסҲûǰô˾µǿƣҶҲǾ̾
ʦⱦôһӾͱˣҸоҲôֲˣǰıҪһ㡣Ҷæʵ
Ǻǣ񼶱ĺôѾΪˣԾͻȫ㣬ǸоǿƣҲûģûиоסһ֡
Ҷʦһ˵ȥӦһ£ȻǱȫǰıܹԵҪԼĿƲƿأȴҪʲôѾԼָӡ
ıѽⱦ治ԺҾˡҶ׶Щˣѵ㻹ǵ󣬾ˣǰѾ˵ˣҪóѱ֤ᾪ½Ҫǲ̫Σգͽպãؼʱ̲Ҫó
ʦһסģֻԺʱɣ᲻ýıһ߲áǱѽҶ׺ٺЦ


پʮ ҩĳ
Ҷײھʹⱦæȡ˵ӦǻʽƷҶȡһдšͨ֡
һΪ²ĻʽƷӦǻĵ⽣ҶȻӵǶõĽҲӶࡣ
Ҷ򿪿˿ϸź͸򣬺ϸֻǿ͹˽˵ʦͨǰɣ
ȻǻƼ峤̳Ľﵽ˻ʽƷԻɱʥκμǿߣȻ滹и߼ĽĽѾڴ½Ѽˣ˲ŻõʦͨҲԵڶĺô˵
Ҷ׵ͷԺɣʱһߡ
ǺЦҲֻ˵ļһ߼ĽȻû˼һ˼˻Ҫ˵˯ž޲Ͼ
ʦǻΪһĽڻкܶҪпѽҶ׷
˵ȡǼöҩҶ׽õıȡһöǰ˿ʱܱһŪһˬ
õҩѽʦʲôҩҶ׸æʵ
һöƷҩǿ԰ʥ򾳼ͻƵĸ߼ҩͻʥ۷ҲкҪãŻϣ㿴жöĵҩ
Ҷ׸æһ˿ţŲһģҶæȡöҩǲͬɫǺɫǰǻɫɫҩܹɢһɺԵҩ㡣
ʦʲôҩôЩҩͬҶʵ
һö˵ҩȼҲǷƷ˿ٻָʵʥ򾳼ֻҪߵĵûȫѣʹˣѣάߵҿ޸壬˵һö񼶵ĵҩˣ֮Ƕһˡ
ôǷˡԺҲõԼˡҶϲ⣬ܹӵ񵤣ʲô
СҲҪ̫ˣⵤҩãֻôţ㻹ΪһֱסС𣿻ҪԼСΪ
Ҷͷǡ
ôĵҩҲͷΪʦ˰ɣΪʦҲϢϢ˵
ǿɲУʦƵʦģЩλ˵ģôܷһʦĵҩ϶ҪãͰͽưɣȻĻͽһ˾ǰˡҶ׸æ
СҲ̰ĵģôĺõҩҪΪʦƣЩҩɶƷΪʦƳģҲˣȻҪΪʦƣѾ˾Ͳüˡ
ǺãͽôĵҩˣٰưɡҶ׵ͷ
СθڴΪƷҩǰĵҩһһĵҩҪµʱ䣬ô빻һˣ㻹һһڵĳԷɣȻĻĻᱻġѵ
ٺ٣ͽҲֻǴȷѣȻҲҳô࣬ʲô
Ҷ׾淭ܿͷһ壬ͨ徧Өȴͬһ壬Ȼܹ¶ȣҶжоһůиŨҶ׷ڱԱţʱ͸оˬǴ˼Ѫһ㡣
ʲôôоóҾһ𡣡Ҷʵ
һö壬̶Ȳϵĵؾȵؾӵϡ٣ҪܹγɵһʯΪȻоˬһ㶼Ǵĵӵݵϻܹÿʱÿ̵ߵ˵һѵõı
һϾԼʵʦ϶ǱѽҶ˷ܵ˵
ôʦˡ
ҶæЦҲ˼˵ʦҴҵ󣬱ܸ߼ʦ
ƨˣ㽫ϰɣ԰ʵҲͬҪСĵ㣬õĶϳĻҲ鷳ġ
Ҷæͷ֪ˣıҿ϶ǲڱ˵ǰģһϵġ
Ҷֳ淭ȴûзƷҡҡͷʦôûдʲôǮϣ
ЦΪһǻƼҵļ̳ˣҪǮ𣿡
ǵҲǣϾһƲǼֵǵģɽҲֵǮɣҶֽעɽϣöɽ䲻ɽ
˵ˣöɽҸĲӦһȼа׿ռ䣬յһСǣҲҪúñܣҺҪĻ㻹ҪԹԵȥ
Ҷ׾е㲻ĺӦѾ˺õɽˣҿѾҪˣһԼ߰ɡ
СӼö߲ˣҲ˵ЩˣҲ
һҶ׾Ͳˣʦ⻰˵ĶѽҶʦˣһԴӦҵģô˵أͽѽ
˰ˣǰɣΪʦ硣емܲסҶףæͶ
⻹ࡣҶ׾ͽɽ˿Χ˵ʦô죿Ҫȥ𣿡
Цб³ȥĻΪʦȻˣֻڵʵǹԹԵɣһİٳȥ
ҶҲֻˣ˶ʦô౦Ҳоįˣæ׼ʲôǲǿʼöʦҵĵҩĻҾͿͻˡ
õˣĵõô߼ҩھͷ˰ɣһֻܷһţΪʦ֮󣬸ٿҪҪõڶţڶҪһ֮ˡ
ҶϾͷһŻɫĵҩ˵ӵ˵Ҳ̫˰ɣҲʦûʲôӰ죬һʲô֢ô죿
ҶȴǺٺЦʦİɣɱ¼ڣٺõĵҩҲܷãʦҪʲôõĻ͸˵𣿡
СӴǴе̫ΪˣΪʦȻû˵ǲûʲôӰ죬öҩһ㶼ʥ򾳴ɼǿ߲ܷãڵʵǸոմﵽʥ߼ҪҪһЩ
ҶϾ͸ое㲻ΪܸܵԼһӾͳ˻¯֮Уæ˵ʦô˵ѽ᲻Ὣͽѽͽھڻ¯һ
ȴһЦ˭ŷãԵͷҲⵤҩǻԵģǿܹоȼգʦ㻤ס;磬ʹɷģֻоǳʹ࣬ȥûˡ


پʮ ͻʥ
⻰Ҷ׸оеֲѽһˣϻǷǳѵģȴھҵʹ֮У⻹ιȥˣιȥҲ֪ʹˡ
ûеҶ˵һɸǿҵĻոоϯȫҶһӾǱһ㣬һƬˮգⶼĺˮԵŵǹɺˮ֮һֺŵζֻѾ˲ôˣȫĻʹ̣޲ҵĵطȥ
Ҷ׵ʹҲȥˣϾͳ֣Ҷ׵;磬Ҷ׶ʱ͸оԺôʹˣʹ໹޷ֵеʹʱԺ֮УһֱӳϾͽϵĻȸǹǴɱ¼֮бŷҶϾ֪Լ߼ˡ
һĻȾͱůƬ̹ʹԭȵʹֳ֮߳һַǳõĿС
Ҷһ˷ܣæԼ壬ŷѾˮһƬˣҷǳţʱҲǿ˵û뵽ɱ¼԰ʵһܽڵ⣬ѽϷҲǴû߼ı
ҶԺǵȻɱ¼õıôôŵζô£ǵҩζɣ
ȴϵʣⵤҩڵȥˣԲŻŵŵζûиоԼһӾ˺ܶΪѾĴˡ
ԭѽҪҡҶ˷ܵ
ģⵤҩҪµģǰļҲҵļ죬ʵӰ󣬲ɱ¼İõʲôӰ죬ʹ󵨵ɡ
ҶϾͿʼյҩһգʱ͸оⵤҩҩȫͬյȻֱתΪԼԭȫںϣҪôҶ״ϲϾһĿʼͷŵ
һվһʱ䣬Ҷ׸ͲоۣǸӵľǴѪһ㣬ɫͨģҲԽԽǿΧƣͬɾһ㡣
һϹȥҶ׵ʱ֣Ȼֻǵҩʮ֮һҩͷʼĳ֮󣬵ҩҲʼҶںϣͷųв屾ʵĻϢжΪɱ¼ãɱ¼һֱԺ֮⣬֤һֱڷá
ҶϵζԽԽأѾЩˣǸӸˣΪϵʻȥĸ࣬Լʵĸ졣
ʱ䣬Ҷ׼һ̲ͣڵ鵤ֱϣҶѾ˱͵״̬һʱ޷Ҫһʱ䣬ܹ鵤
ҶҲòͣ˫ۣϼֱǴ߳һ㣬ζ̫ˣҶҲоˬæΧûˮԴǱˣڷһڣȻһȪ
ȻǴɽģҶ׸æܵǶһȻһܴˮȪˮڴӸߴˮȻٻ
Ҷ붼û˽ȥȥ֮󣬶ʱ͸оһʣǸоһ㣬ȪˮļϴҶ׼˯档
ٴʱѾˬˣԼ·ϴϴһߣԼʹ˼ڷϢȡʯȼһЩ֦·ԼҲȡһЩԡ
ϢĲˣʦʦ㿴ٶôˣ
Цܹ֮鵤һɵԿ츳ˣҲɱ¼ãĻ˵գܹܲĳ˵ˡ
ǣɱ¼ڣҾͲʲôҩҲ֪ʵôˣ
ҹƣӦѾﵽʥ򾳳۷ʵҪһĻҪͻʥ߾磬Ҫŵҩ㽫ȫ֮ʵӦǿͻʥ߼ˡ
ô죿ҶҲһԾҪ֪ͻʥҪǧľֵǰôļƷ鵤һöŷķƷ鵤һС룬ҶҲǺܳԾ
СʲôóԾģǷƷҩһžܶǰϰٿŵҩ⻹Ϊոͻư벽ʥûжãϷ㣬һ֮ڣضͻʥ߼𡣡ŵ
Ҷ˷֣Ҫͻʥ߼Լʵ϶ǳˣʵҪͻʥ߼ҵʵжǿ
ǰı֣ͻʥ֮ӦǿԺʥС۷弶ɣʥ򾳴ɵĻҲĺܲңӦܵĻᡣ
ʥ򾳴ɶܵĻᣬԼǲǿԴͷˣҶ׸æʵʦ˼˵ҿԴǷˣ
ȴЦҲֻϵ㣬ܲǾ˵ˣһԿ϶ȥ֮󣬾ϺˣҲˣʵȫԺһսˡ
Ҷ֮ǸˣɽѰ鵤Ϊ˺ϺǿһսģһܻɣȫڲɵĶڣö̵ҲԺһս
Լܲӳȥôˣûʲôвһ㣬ҲҶеֹ۵ѣֻûϣ
ʦģһȥģСǲᵲסǵġҶ׷ǳŵ˵
ϣ˰ɣһ֮ҪǱˣκεĵϣһ֮ڽŵҩͻʥ߼𡣡
ʦģұ֤һ֮񣬵֮󣬾ҳȥ֮ʱҶ׵ӵļᶨ
ʦһᣬҶҲϢˣʼΪʦĹӵһûûҹˣ֪ȥ˶죬ֻ֪ҪǶˣͣԵ㶫伢ȻΪʱһ㶼ֻΣûеκεĹ
Ҳ֪ȥ˶죬ֱҶڵĵҩѾıյĲʱٴγ쳣֮һӿֱӳҶ׵֫ٺʱǱһ㣬ӵһСһӾӵ˳˵Ҷ׵˫һ֬˾ϲѾͻʥ߼
ʱǿͬϲһӿЩȫܵĿƣôʩչκε쳣Ҷ׺һڵʵֻϧɽԼһ˽ɽˡ
ʦͻˡҶϾϲ


پʮ ɽ
Ҳ֪ͻˣЦ֪ˣͻ֮ʱѾܹܵǿˣʵӦǰҲֹˣֻЩ꣬ڵ߮㻹ȽǶѹ֮ڣ̰ɡ
Ҷ׸æʦĻٴνǹӿѹʼԼڿܹ޴ĹؼֻڿԽǿܷڸǿ
һǼȥˣҶ׸оԼڵѾôʱͣˣô˵ѾǷǳķ˵ľˣҶһǿ֧ţҲ̫ۡ
ǸúúϢˣҶȫͣ˿ŶϨˣҲ֪׹ȥ˶죬Ͷʦ˵ʦ֪˶𣿡
ЦΪʦѾˣʮ죬һ¹ȥˣʵҲġ
ô͹ȥһˣҶҲǷǳԾȻһǾԪ͵۹İȫʱ䲢ûнյԪϢΪԪһӦֻҪԪϣҶϾ֪ΣգͻǰȥԮ
ڻûнյӦ˵Ԫﻹûʲô⣬ֻѾһ£ǰʱ䶼µʱˣʱ䣬ϺҲӦˣΪµ޵ˣ¹ȥ֮ûʲôΣգϺϾͻ
ҶæʦҪ뿪ϿȥҪȻҪˣҿ˵һ¾ͻȥģڶˣڼһǷǳĵġ
ЦҵȻҲϣȥֻҪȥĻҪֻС
Ҷغ𣿡Ҷ׸æʵ
Ϊ׷㽫ػǧɲݸժˣһ궼пܣء˵
ô죿ո˵ҲлǰɣҶֵ
ֻ˵˵ѣǷǳѵġû϶Ĵ𸴣Ǹоѹˡ
еĻҲҪһԣܲһֱɡҶѾҪȥˣȴҡҡͷϷһõİ취ֻ취вл֪ҪȥС
ʲô취˵Ҷ׶еȲˣܲǷˣϾ̫ǿˡ
㿴ˮǰϴ裬ˮǴİɣʵ
ѽѵʦ˵ֶڿԳȥҶϾͷӦˡ
Ҳֻ˵ܣܲܳȥҪûˡ
ھ͹ȥҶȲľܵˮԱ߹۲죬ȻͿһȪˮұ£ֻʲôڡ
ûʲôսûгˡҶ׿˿еʧ
ûȥô֪ûгڣȪˮĵط϶Щ϶ģȥܲܽǵ϶Ӵ󣬾֪ûгڡо˵
ҶʦĻͷұڣڻһ棬ȪˮǴһʯͷһܲܽʯͷƿһʹʯͷϾ͵ȥҶ׵ǰϾͳһһ״СĶڡ
ڶҶ׾Ȼܿһ˿룬ϲ⣬ֻҪܿ⣬Ǿ֤ͨ棬æɽգʯͷһһȡǸɽˣһ׸ߵĶڳǰ
һӾȪˮҶ˷ܲѣûϾͳȥٴηص䣬ǻǰݵ˵ʦھҪ뿪ԺܲٻˣģһὫдĺΪ㱨ͽȸˡ
Ҷְݣת뿪䣬Ǹһ׸ߵɽ׾ͳˣ֮󣬶ʱ͸оһɣһɽ֮ϣﳯΧȥĿͷǧ֮⣬ֻʱû뵽ҶѾ뿪ˡ
ҶҲҴ⣬ĵĳɽȥԼһ̵ܳ˼ǧףֱɽ֮£ѾԪʳǲԶˣٻС࣬ܿСǰҶСıԪ۹ȥ
ҶײƬ̹͵Ԫ۹ĻʳǣֻԪϷȻое㲻ԾΪ˴ľӣ϶оӳûǰȫͬԪǲľӳڴ֮ϵġ
ҶһֲõԤУæǰԪ䵽Ԫʱ򣬾Ϳм˼Ҵҵĳ£˻ˣ˻ˡ
Ҷ׸æͳȥʱ򣬴ҲܳˣﳩˣﳩһֱԪΪԪ£ǿҶ׵ʱϾͶ˵ϣ۾ʪˡ
ˣˣԪҵ˽ˡﳩ޵
Ҷһ⻰ʱ;ˣ类˽ˣôܣԼһԼŵôûá
Ҷ׾Ҫʻ߳һߣԼҵһҶ׻ˣҲǼֵҶˣٲĻϷҪȥɽѰˡ
Ҷ׸æʵ峤ô£Ҵ类˭ˣ
æ˵ϷܣԪǱҵϺߵģϷԪĶֻ֣ĿȳǬҽԪߣһ仰Ϸ㣬ҪǰңĻɱԪ
ҶһŭϺ裬ҶҴһëҪ
æ˵Ϣŭ²ܳ嶯ϺҪȥϣͶǧҪĵˡ
ҶȴҴ类ץסˣֵܵѵȥȴǻʲôֵܣھȥңǽѺʲôطȥˣ
ҶʣҲֻôϺ轫Ԫ˸ķӯ۹Ƿӯ۹ҲĶĵ̡
ھȥӯ۹Ҵ磬ˣǸҴһӦֻҪ½飬Ͼͻ֪ģôûҶæʵ
ȴҡҡͷԪΪ˲飬ûеһʱ佫ȡܿϺ裬û뵽ûлˡ
ҶҲǼĴ˵ɵѽϺܶԸ˵ҲҵĴҲȥɽĻҲᱻٳֵģھȥȴ硣
ҶھҪæҲ˵Ϸһȥɡ
Ҷҡҡͷˣ峤Ԫ۹ҺʹɣҸոտ϶ǾӣǶڵʱҺʹ
ǺðɣһҪСˣϷȺļֵ
Ҷ׵ͷתͶС˵Сھȥӯ۹Ҵ硣
СϾͷɵǰҶȥָָ֮ǰǳ


پʮ Ԫ
СܿյƲ֮УҲĿ뿪ֱʱҶﻹһĺڣԼһȥɽʱҲ֪뷨ЦҲҪ̫ˣȥ̫ûȥɽĻҲϺмǿĻҲûа취ԸһĽʵͻʥ߼𣬶ԸϺҲкܴİˡ
ҶҲ̾ҲеþʧɣһϣҴû¡
İɣϺֻԸ㣬û뽫ôȥӯ۹ֻҪС£ȳӦòǺѡ
ϣ˰ɣҲ֪һϺôô죬ǸðֵڲһһĻҾ鷳ˡҶ׵
Ȼʵ˺ܶ࣬Ϻ֣ҲѵֵæİɣλǶͷֵģһ㵽һߵǻɱܾ֮Ż֣ҪСһˡ
һעģֻҪǲ֣Ҿľȳ磬һҪϺúõĽѵһ٣֪ҵ
Ҷ׶һսģǰûͻʥ߼𶼺ϺѾּˣÿһζܻΪģһʵǿˣʲôõĵġ
Ҷǰ｣˵ӯ۹ϺĶϽĵֻ̣Լһֱûȥӯ۹Ԫ۹ҲǺܽмֻһɽҶ׷Ծɽ֮͵˷ӯ۹ĵ̡
˷ӯ۹ҶֱӾͷ˷ӯ۹ңֻԷӯ۹ҲϤֻȥӯ۹Ļʳȥ
Ҷӯ۹ĻʳϿգûСȥڰ֮ͣȻС˵СҸû˵ĵطҷ£ԼȥʳǴ䡣
СϾͷɵ˻ʳԱߵһɽ֮ϣҶ֮󣬾棬С˴˵أǰʳǣܿ˻ʳ֮ڣΪǵһ˽ֻǰǰİ취ȥһҿջȥһλá
Ҷ׾һұȽϴĿջ£ڽоƲ֮ʱСʵ֪ʲôλã
Сǻ飬æЦ͹٣ǰ治Զֱǰȥʮ͵
ҶһŽƱСС˷ܲѣæȥҶ׶˲ˣֻʱȴҶѾˡ
Ҷﻹ˼Էǰʮ·ҹȻͿǰһۡǳΰд֣ӦþĸۡҲǹѺĵط
Ҷȷλ֮˼ҲԶľ¥£һĳԷΪڰȥԪϺҲֻܵȵҹж
Ҷһֱھ¥ȵ˰ҹʱ֣ʱӦǿԳˣ뿪¥ǰʵ׵ľͷݶûб˷֣ݶ֮ϣһĽҪȷԪѺλãҶηһ۲֮һطܶ࣬طҲʲôסһǳɭ֮
סηʽȫͬģסֻʺƯΪηȴԼ̺ͷΪҶȻֵܷסηȷηλ֮Ҷ׾ͿʼĵĿηֱηݶ·мʮҸʵҶײܾǣֻܴݶ֮ѰԪ䡣
շݵĹ죬һ촰촰죬ҲиסֻҶͲʲôɵĽ䣬ڴ촰֮ǰѾȷûˣһյηǱη֮ҿ˿һŴ֮ʲôûУǽ˴죬ܿ
Ҷ׽ǷŴ򿪣Сĵĳǰȥﵹûʲôһ㣬ҶȻе֣Ҳûģһ·ϲ鿴ηǹѺһЩˣȴûԪӰ
һֱһηһԪǴһ沿öҶףҶϲҪȥˣȴ˵ҪȥǼðġ
ҶһæջȻǼðģԪͲæҪأǴʱȴϾͳһȺˣסȥ·ǷҲվҶٿʱѾһҶ׺ϤˣϺ衣
ϺðԪҶҲЩԾϺߵҶ׵Ķ棬һ˵벻ҵݶϳǸ֡
Ҷ׼ԼѾôˣɴͣϺ˵ҵʥߣҲİϷе㶪𣿡
ϺȴǴЦԸ㣬ϷͲöˣɲֹʵôǿܽŪǱˣ㻹ǵһϷİ취ԸҲֻĻ׽ѣֻǱʶˣҪһˡ
;ôаץסǽ֮ǰ㻹ǽҴ˵ɣһҴ硣ҶҲûʲôƵģ˵ҪȥԪ
Сӣѱˣž磬ģץ֮ȻὫһģ绹־ܰɡϺ˵
Ҷһ⻰ȻͷˣãҿӲˣҿͶȥҴ磬棬ҪܲңܵĻҾ͸ȥܵĻһս˵
ãȻˬ죬ϷʹӦ㣬ϷϷϷھʹȥǿԺúõġϺҶ׵ĻһϲҲҶ׽֣һǲɲҪ׽ҶףȥҲϻ峤˵һҶ׻ֻһѡ
ھʹȥɡҶ׳ȥϺҲӷ߳ûг֣ȴڷҶ׳֣ͬʱҶҲڷ˾ķ֮߳η
ʮ벽ʥ߽ҶΧסлʥ߳ʵǿߣʵԸǰҶǴ´ˣֻڵҶѾǸʱҶˡ
СӣԪ֮ٶֽȳɣʵ
Ҿ˼ܲΪһͶɡҶЦ
СӾǴһγϺ֮󣬻ôĸ֣δؾܽԪȳѵ
һô֪˵˲ôҵõҴ磿
Ҳû˵ܿϺһƫƧססûˣһ棬ͷкܶסˣֻһ䣬֮ҲֻһˣǾԪ
Ҷ׿Ԫʱϲûʲôƣóûоʲô̿Ҷ׷˲٣ϺָָԪ˵棬ȥ֮ǰסʵ˵


پʮ صɱ
Ϻ赱ȻȥȥĻ׾ӳˣ֪Ҷ׵ı£ôסϺҲһ쵽￴ء
Ҷ׿û£ɫͺÿˣϺЦǵõҽȥҴУҲἱһɣʱȻᷴġ
ϺЦһܴҵ𣿽ȥɡ
һ˷ţҶ׽Ƿ֮Ͼͽе磬ˡ
Ԫ۾Ҷ׵ʱɫˣȵ˵͵ôˣߣߡ
Ԫ˵ĵһ仰ߣҶ׵Ȼ֪˼ǵԼץҶ׾Ц粻õģġ
ԪôˣϺڣҡҡͷ͵ôôɵȲңߣҪҡ
ôܹ뿪Ҫ뿪Ҳһ뿪Ҷ׸æȥ鿴Ԫ壬ֻЩʵûбѹƣΪʵߣϺûҪѹʵ
һҶ׾ͷˣԪ˵͸ߣһһ·ȥġ
Ƿˣôĸ㻹ҪȥҲգȻҪ͸һ򣬲Ƕһ𡣡ԪҲˣΪҶӳȥѾˣһս
ԪҲվ˳ҶײŶϺ迴һЦϷ֪λӪֻϧʵˣҪѣҪϷ򣬲ȻҪҵ¹УϷҪʵûС
Ͼʥ߳ڵĳϺʮλ벽ʥվ˳ΧסϺ軹ǳŵ˵ҪץҲҪġ
Щæ˵
Ϻ´ϡһ£ʥ߾ͳҶ׹Ҷ׸ûнʥ߷ûͻ֮ǰܻǣԼͻˣǸǶˡ
ʥһǰһҶ׷˹һʹñҶ׵زһ͵ϮҶ׵ʺǼٳ൱ݣʥ߳ڵĶֶǺѶԸ
Ҷȴ⣬˫ȭƣ׼ʥ߾ȻĳͨһǿӡٶЧĻʥߵ壬ʥ߾ȻûжܵĻᣬҶ׵ĹٶԶǵ󣬵ǷҶ׵ǿ֮ʱѾˣӡѾĴǵϡ
һȥ˶ʱ͵ɳȥһֱˤǽ֮ϣǺŶǽڶһ֮ǰˡ
Ҷ׽ٶȣҪʱȳ磬ԲЩ֣һѾܹɱʥ߳ڵĸˣҪҶ׷˵͵ϮԽǵɱ
ۿʥ߳ڼǿ˲䱻Ҷ׻ɱе˶סˣԪǲţ⻹ǰҶǰûʵҲ̫˰ɡ
Ҳŵˣ˽ϺҲǵɴ۾Լ¾ȻͱɱˣֱģϺ辪ȵСӣʵڼǰҲǴﵽʥ߳ʵôܼºܻɱʥ߳ڵĸ֣ôģ
Ϻȫǲܵ飬ҶǿҲӵ츳Ҷֻ΢΢һЦͲùˣҾģһϰɡ
Ϻͷʾͬ⣬Χ˻ӻ֣ʮ벽ʥһһʱССķ伸ɲˣǵĹжôǿڿҶһ׵ʱȫ˻ȥⲻҶʲôԼγһҪԪ
Է޷Ǿ͸ˣҶ׾Ȼûжκεһһɱ̶ʮغϣʮȫ򵹣ȭһĿ٣ʮ벽ʥ߸ӦͱһȭڵأҸˣ޷ս
һʱ䣬Ҷ׾ͽԼе¶ˣֻʣԼϺоЩ޷ܣΪԼץסҶѾ㹻ˣǽȴҲ̫˰ɡ
ڸֵˡҶ׽ΧеĹ֮󣬾ͶϺ˵
ϺҲǵͷȷÿζҴһʱʵǣϷҪҲô׵ˣϷսһ
ҶȴЦ˭˭Ӯ֪أͲҪ˵Ĵ󻰰ɣҿ㻹ȥԸǸðֵܣ뿴ܾٳ֣Ӧþڸɡ
ҶײϺ裬е㵣Ǹڰɣ֣кܴвģҶҲȡһİ취ҲΪ֮ȷ⡣
˵ɣʲôʱðңϺ辪ȵ˵
Ҷһ飬֪ڹҶ׾͵ǰһûȥɽһһﳤĺֻ棬Գ㣬ҲΪˣǽ֮Ͳ㣬һˣҲûľˣֻ뼤ŭңȥɱĶӣʶ֮Ҳֻˣ˵㻹ӦøлҲǡ
ϺҶ˵ɫıˣɣȻҪݺҶӣϷҪƲ
ҶЦҿҪңȷֵܵ͵Ϯɣ˵ھ棬ǴĲˣͽ֣ʱͿ̵ˡ
ϺȴҡҡͷϷǲóѵģԸϷĵģҲҪ취ԸϷϷߣץס֮ȥˡ
ҶЩʧ㻹粻ѽҶֵܵһıȻҪ֣ҲͲˣҽ֮Ȼֵɱ㣬ʱڶˡ
ϺĻҲЩʶҶ׵ʵȷǷͬСɣԼδؾһõһܾˣɳǾ鷳ˡ
ҪҶϺ赱ȻԸ⣬ֵôǲģҪĻϷҲֵܹסͲ㵣ˡ
ҶεҡҡͷǺðɣҲͲϻˣְɡ
Ҷ׾˵ԼڰɵˣɲҵˣϺҲ뾡սסɵ͵ϮֱӾͳҶ׹һͬ㻮ռ䣬ϮҶס
Ҷ׶ϺĹҴ⣬ͬʱ֣ѱСĿռϾһּΣغ֮˫ûռˡ
ΪǶûʩչĵĹȡЧȸıȻϺ裬ϺϾͷһĽǰҶףҶײòʼܼĽķȴûκεвΪҶ׵ķҲͬˣι£ϺҲЩżһھһӾ۳һѾ޴齣Ҷ׵ͷ


پʮ Ҷ׵ļı
ʱˣҶҲҪˣֱӳգһڰγɣСĿռ޷޴壬ŽıǷһͱǿˣ䶼ֻ̮ݶȴȫɣҶ׺ϺһӾͳ֮䡣
޴齣Ҳһҧס޷ȥϺȫԼ齣Ҷ׷Ͼͷ֣Լ齣ǽĿ֮¸޷ǿҲһһ˵Ĵ
齣еʵȴҶ׵ķ֮¸޷ϺҲǼˣȫΧǱŨǣ֮ͬУҶȴûôأȻҲƣȴҪСˡ
ҶײûмڽϺܣһֱҧסıţΪҪһ˳֣Ҫ˵ǲڸ
ΪʱϺܵĻ˿ܾͲˣΪûܾˣȻױ¶Լ
Ҷ׾άսǶĲˣ˭ǽ߾ȫʵֻϺȫҶȴѾΧĶ
Ȼ𿪿ڵСˡ
Ҷ׹Ȼûв´һֱԶ۲ǵսģҶ׺ϺزʱΪǶĹͷʱĿǡ
ȵҶֻаҵľ룬ʱϺѾ޷˼ΧˣҪҶףʩչеҶȴˡ
Ȼ֮䣬ڿռ伤ٶ죬˲䵽Ҷ׺ϺǰϺû취оΣ֮ʱǵ̺ž޴ɱֱӾ壬ƿķףϺһУʧԼҲ˵ء
ҶͬǱϮһʱȴųԼķܣܵķ֮£ǿҲǽܻĻζһ£ȻԶʧˡ
Ϻ赹֮󣬻ЩԼˣΧȥȴûпӰҶջԼĶƣϺ˵һӦҵĻ˰ɣֵ͵Ϯ㡣
Ϻһεȷˣ͵ϮֻɲܹӵУϺܻĽе쵰ҹҪˡ
Χûʲôɲûг֣ƾϺôҲûˣʱɲڰǲ֣Ϊոյ͵ϮֻϺһˣҶ׸ûвʱֵĻΣյģϾҶûˡ
ȣҪȵҶ뿪ҶײɱϺĻȻȥɱϺ裬Ȼ޻Ҷ׵ϡ
Ҷ׼ûгҲ֪ԼˣҶ׾Ͷɵķ˵֮ٳɱֵǲǻ뽫޻ҵͷϣĻͲҪˣǲɱġ
ҲǷǳԾһô᲻ԼɱϺ裬Ϻ費Ǻ𣿾ϺҲǷǳĳԾæʵСӣΪ
ҶȴЦҾһѵӦлл𣿡
ϺȴҲҶ׵뷨˵뱣סһԸֵܰɣĻǾͻɱ
ҶҲûԼ뷨ͷҾģԸԸԼ飬ֻ㲻ԸҲûа취ֵҪɱ㣬Ҳûѡˣ㲻õĻҲԷھߣұֵ֤Ͼͻɱ㣬ǸʱĻᶼûˡ
ϺҲ̲סһȻãϷϣ£סϷһԺϷȻᴦ
ϺҲ뱻ɱѽȻҪҶױ޷ܣΨһܱסİ취
ҶȴЦҾһҪúõллҲǡ
ϺоеΣȷҶףϺֻõ˵ô
ҶҲ벻ʲôõı꣬ϵķѾˣϺδϵıˣҶ׾˵ҾһҪӦԺұ𣬵ǲȥҴ磬Ҳ֪Ȼٳӣȴûɱǣ־һҪ߰ɣ
ϺҲû뵽Ҷ׻ҪȻԸӦˣϺͷãҴӦ㣬Ժֻ㣬ᶯˡ
ǾͺãҿƲᣬҪߵĻϾͻɱ㣬ŻŻɡ
˵Ҷ׾Ͷһ׿ľĽȵ㲻ҪˣҪôҪôϾ͹ҪҶȥץ𣿡
Ϻ辪ȵĳҶ˵ǸȥɶصλãɱΪԼ֮ؾԵİȫʵڰ׿Ҷ׸֣ᷢҶȴ׼ȷ˵λã֡
ɲΪϺ裬аɱҶ׾ȻӦҪϺ裬ͽļƻȫˣԼֱֻ֣ѡߡ
ҲҶ׳֣Ϊһ־Ŀܱ¶Ͼ˲֮أ뿪Ҷǡ
ΪҶȻ˵͵ϮϺ裬ǱϾûϺûۿԼƾҶ׵ĻȻɷϺҲֻԼˡ
ֻһҶ׾ȻеļƻɶҶ׾͸ӵĳˣû뵽ԼĲ߻ļıʧˣСҶס
Ϻ迴һӰʧ֮ȫҶ׵ĻɱϺһ޴ĳûˣһΪԼĳŵ⣬ЩЦá
Ҷ׼Ѿ뿪ͶϺ˵Ѿˣ㰲ȫˣҲҪҴ뿪üסҵĻҸģ㲻Ҫ˶ҵĳŵ
ϺͷģȻҺ֣ҴӦԻԺǲԪֵġ
ǾͺãˡҶתͳշһƬ̣СͷɵǰҶ׺Ԫȥ֮Ͼʧڰ֮С
Ϻ迴뿪Ҳ̾Ҳ֪ϷΪʲôҪԸСӾȻһ治֪Ƕֻѡ
ֻһ뵽ҪԼ֣ϺԼӦöԸĲҶˣҶô˵ҲûɱӣӦöԸɣΪһֱɱԼԼĶӡ
ϺϾ͸ı뷨ȥҶˣڲᣬҪȫľɵϣֻлɣлȥ
ڴʱҶ׺ԪѾҪԪ۹ˣԪȻǷǳҶ׵ʵϾʵ͵ܣʱȥˣȻʵô죬Ϻ趼򲻹㡣
ҶЦЦʲôԺҵʵĸǿģϣϺܹͨȥԸֵܣһװҵ


پʮ ҳϻ
ԪЦ͵һҲˣҵɱҲҵģֵŽһĵĻôܳ
˵ǣһôܿˣԺϺǲ鷳ˣԪ۹úõɡҶ˵
͵ܻҪȥĵط𣿡Ԫȵʵ
һҪԸңȻһηϺ裬ҲֻҵһƲ߶ѣһҪұǸļ屳ǲɱҶҵԪףֻҵǣҲҵĿꡣ
Ҷֻ֪һɱֶѣָɱȥҶҵĻһǿļ壬Ϊֹ嵽˭
͵ܸոΪʲôϺ裬ǸʱҲ˵ġԪ˵
Ҷȴҡҡͷ̫СˣϺ費˵ģϵˣ˵˵һֵڼҪ˵Ļֵܿ϶壬ҲŹġ
˵Ҳǣֻ͵ܣǸ϶ԶԶңȥ̫ΣˡԪЩҶ׵İȫ
ʵһ·һβΣֻ֣Һܹߵ죬ҾҪȥģҪȻ͹ˣ粻õġҶ˵
͵Ժʲô㣿Ԫʵ
Ԫúõһʱ䣬ʵˣһȥҵ˱ġҶʵȻϺ裬ҪԵĲֹһϺ裬ʥߣЩʥ棬иǿĳϻᣬ峤ʵС
Ҷ׺ԪصԪ֮ԪȻϲԽǻȸԾԪһ¾֮󣬾ƿ˵۹Ҷ׻ǻصԼľ
һŻкܳʱԼˣΪϺɵĹϵӵĲˣϺȥɱģȻҲûоԸԼ
ҶҲϣԼܹʱΪõ˺ܶķ񼶵ҩмǿУЩҪʱ䣬Ĳ֮ʱȥҡ
һжҶԤϵϺȥ֮Ҳڷӯ۹ͣϾǰܲһҪ׺ͳϻظɵΪҪ׺ͳϻϳɡ
ܲһ޴ĵ۹֮У۹ڴ½ٴ۹֮һҲҿƵ۹Ǵ½ٴ۹Ҫ֪½мǧС۹ܽΪٴ۹֮һҲǲ˵ˣĵ۹壬ڴ½Ҳǵڶļ壬ڵһ壬Ҷǰʶ壬ǾͲǿƵ۹ˣǿŴ½һ岻˼ңÿһʵô½Ϊ֮˵ĶԸĶˡ
ҶĴ϶ǲʲôǶЩСļ壬ǾȻˣʱҲżʮСĵ۹ô۹ܲƿأܲҪԱҵĳϻᡣ
ϺҲܵⳤϻԼһؼ壬ȻҪϻɵΪϺ赽֮ܲʱҲûʲôӦϺȻĴʥߣҲʲôˣϻκһλϱֶߡ
ҳϻᣬܲ峤֮ۡĽ㣬Ķȥֻλλ߼ĳϣҲǺĳϣǵĵλҵ峤
ʱڳϻḮۡһãһҪ飬վǰˣϺ迴Ļһһ˺Ȼɡ
ɵǰ棬λǳϻλϣҲһλϣͳһ꣬Сĺĳϣ֣ʱɫأһԲʵȴԶ֮ϣѾﵽʥС۷弶
ַߵľҵĵλĳϣһأͬǳĬ˫Ϭ۾ȴ΢΢𣬺ʲô顣
ľǵλĳϣǣɫϣĳйأһ׺ݣóһλս֮ˡ
λʵʥС۷壬ֻȵλҪʤһ
ڶλȴһɵƽͬʱҲǳһ²ӣʹûЦҲ·ǶЦеӣλҵĶᣬͬʱҲǳϻľʦų
ǰģȻǳϻĵǴķ磬ҲѾﵽٶꡣ
ʵﵽʥ򾳴ɣķǴﵽʥ򾳴ʵ
λĵʱɵĻ㱨ɶԼλ˵λϣһҷǰԪ۹Ϻ裬һԸҶͯԪ۹û뵽ȻΪһ֮ҶͯԸңҪء
⻰ҪǱϺĻҪĵѪˣҲֻܹ˵óڣ͵Ϯ磬ڷ͵ϮԾ׽ˡ
λ϶ɫأ˭ҲûйֵķӦһ¶ѣҲǱѹ֪λ϶սģƾ仰ǲǶݵġ
ɣ˵ϺҶ֣ͯζԸģϸ˵м١ķ˵
һ㶼ϵʻһΪ飬ɼ˵ˣæԼõļƲ˵ģȥԸҶͯʱ򣬾ȥҹҴ磬ϣ֣ܺͬ⣬ǰȥֻóϻ壬ûа취ֻɲӦ֣ûа취ֻúҵ뿪ǰԪ۹׽Ҷͯ
˵ɻ͵͵Ŀ˿λϵı飬ûκεķ֣æ˵ȥԪ۹ȴûϵҶͯɽѰҩģҲֻþȳǬҶͯĴԪץ񣬲ҪҶͯӯ۹ץҶͯȻϵˣǰӪ磬һץסҶͯģʱȴ⣬ĴһץסҶͯˣϾִӦ֣ҼǴ磬ȻҲûнǰϣΪ׽Ҷͯİջ󣬿̫ˣͲңݺҡ
˵ôһˣ˲۾ʵ۾ʲôûУ˵ҶͯǰҾͶֽץû뵽ȻҺҶͯս֮ʱ͵ϮҺñ֣ƴΪҵסһ͵ϮԼȴұɱҵ֪Ȼ͵ϮңֻýзͬʱҲ˴磬˴֮ҿѾ޷ƿؾƣֻܸϽ룬ص㱨ϣϻΪ
ɵĻ˵֮ϾͿʼ۲켸λϵı飬һ޷ĥı飬Щġ
ķʱ򿪿˵˵͵Ϯ㣬ΪҪ
ɸæҺŵ֪ǵ峤֮λһֱ֣һõĻᣬҵ˵סһĻҿѾزˡ
ķԼĺ룬Χλ˵λʲôʻʰɡ


پʮ ŭϺ
λҲǻ࿴˿˵ϷѾֵ֪һֱͣҲ֪飬һǰȥ׽ҶͯҲֵܹܶ˵Ĺϵӵĺһ㣬ڿ̫򵥵ģĻǲģ֮Ĺϵ϶ĸˣǲ뿴飬ĻҲֻţΪǻҪһλǰ㱨Ȼ˵Ļз˭˵Ķԣ˭˵Ǽٵġ
᲻ǳϻľʦû˵ǶǴҲû˵Ϻô˵˹ϵͲãϻǺǺͺãȴ෴ˣóϻǵĹȫûϵˣһҪǵĶԴ
λҲǷ׷׵ͷʾͬϵĻɺǲˬĵľҲûа취⼸λĸöԸرϺͶϣǼĺģ׶ҪǼ֡
ɵȻҪװװӣæλϣ˵ĶʵһҪΪҵԩװˡ
˵ǸʵǱɱˣȻ޻Ϻ裬ҪȻĻ⼸λϲţǾˣȴǲš
ķ˵ǻᰴռҹصļνⰲģϺ飬ǼλúۣѯѾ˽⣬ȥҪʲôʱȻ㡣
ɼ˵Ҳֻõͷ뼸λΪˣȸǡ
ɾҪ뿪ϻǵҪתʱȴһſ˵ϣϺǰҪ
Ϻڼǰˣ⼸ϱֶߣһϺˣȴϾͲˣһվԭصȴϺˡ
ΪҲҪϺô˵ģõϺôڼϵǰϺҲΣ֪Ϻ˵ЩʲôҲòȡԲߡ
Ϻ輱ҴҵĸϵϻᣬҪλ˵ȴһ۾ͿվɣϺһŭʱȼ־ͳɴȥ
ϾͷΣӵ˼λϵĺ棬ϺҲܻûй˼λϣҪ׷ȥķϾʹȵϺס֡
һ£ϺҲǹԹԵˣ£ֻǸոһʱ޲ɱɡ
ϾͶԼλϽеλϿ˰ɣҪɱڣ˵ʲôϺһ⻰϶⼸˵˺ܶĻԣɵ츳ϺæԼλ˵λϣ˵ĶǼٵģΪɱңҲҲͱɱˣ˵ܲ𣿡
ϺȻǴ磬ǿڲžûôˣķ˵Ȼ͵ʱ䣬ԹԵĹȥվãҪʲôͻ
ϺķǰҲֻܹԹԵˣ˻ԭأķҲ˵Ҳȥ
ȻԼǶʲôȴæҪǹȥ϶Ҫ֡
ķȴȵϷڣҶȥ
ɿɫÿҲֻùԹԵĹȥλļ̳վһ𣬶ʱ۾ܿ޵ĻرϺ裬޲Ͼɱɡ
ֻǰڳǣҲҶ֣ķ˵ǶˣǾͿʲô
ɺϺϾͶ˵ˣǶԼһ˵ͱǵĶ죬һʱ˭˵͵ǲҪˣոѾɵĻ㱨ھϺĻ㱨ɡ
һűͣϺæλϣո˵ǼٵģҲ֪˵Ŀ϶ǱõĻԣڶȸ״
͵ҲҪ˵ǲģƭǵģҪĻ㽫֪˵ˣ˵˭Ǽ٣Ȼġ
Ϻֻ˵ɳҺҶսʱ͵ϮңһˣûɱңϾˡ
Ϻ轫Լ·˺Ϳķ׶ˣһƬܴ˿ڣҺϺҩ˿ֹסŲΣա
λϿϺϵ˿ڣҲǷ׷׾ȣҲϺƾˣһϺõ⼸λϵͬ飬æ˵ϣ㲻Ҫ˵͵ϮңȻһˣĻѣƱ硣
Ϻʱʹŭ˭ڽƱ磬㣬͵ϮңҲŻˣҪ͵Ϯ㣬ô˵ҡ
Ϊҵ°ҵһ˵ľˡ˵
Ϻ͸ˣ쵰˵˵ĽƱ硣
һֳˣϾͺȵסڡ
Ϻͣ˵㲻Ҫ죬ѯϺʱԱźˡ
ֻ˵ϡ
ʵ㽫͵ϮĹҲ˵Ҫһϸڡ
Ϻæ˵ģȥ˵ǳϻЭҵģǿڿȴҪԣҪҶ֣ҵȻӦȥԪ۹ȴ͵͵ǰҹҶͯͻȴȥҶǬ뼤ŭҶͯɱǬҴƼλҲȷ֮ĿƣǰȥҶͯݺҶǷǳԵ⡣
ֽе㲻ҪȥĹͣȥԸҶͯˣҪӣ㻹ʶô˵ҺҪǺĻܻ𣿡
Ҳ˼ҶͯαװңԲû֣Ϊ˼ɵ𣿡Ϻȵ
ֳһǴһӺȵұ죬ҪٲĻ͹ȥ
ϵĻûôϵĵλ峤࣬ĸҺײæͱ͡
ķϺ˵˵ɡ
Ϻæ˵αװҼŭҶͯɣͶȥ𣬵ҵ֪֮æǰԪȴûзҶֻͯܽԪץȳҶǬҪҶͯǰҶĸۡȥˣҾܹ£ǵҺҶͯսʱȻ͵ϮңһнһˣһҶͯ뿪֣֮ҺҶͯİϷû뿪һҵĲ֮أŵֻߡ
ϺĻüλɫһͬı仯Ƕֳ˾ȵɫķæ˵Сûɱǳ־㣬ΪҪ
ϺҲֻʵ˵Ժɱ𣬲ɽɱּ޻ͷϡ
˵ϣɶȥ𣿡ķ羪ȵʵ
ϺͷķҲһ̾ϢҪ˵ģСӵĻĺѽɵĲ֮ضѵʵ㻹ǿ
ϺҲֻ˵ϣǰСӻûͻʥߣʱҵĶֻ֣ΪҶЮ֣Ҳһȥ֣ȴȻѾͻʥ߼𣬶ʵǣҸֺԸо˺ܴѹսȥĻҵĻ


߰ ϻľ
ϺȻûкҶ׷ֳʤǵʱҶ׸ѹǼ£ǾΣյʱ̣˵Ҳֲ˶ˡ
ϺĻҲüλɫ䣬æʵǸոͻʥߣҲĶ֣ѵԽսĻһˡ
Ϻæ˵ĶԣһţһŵĻܽŪǱҶץסûʵܸɳ
ķֶ˵ǸҶͯϺ˵ô𣿡
ҶͯǺϺ˵Լ˵Ҳ֤ԼҶֵͯΣԣæȷ˵ǳҲŻᱻ͵Ϯ
ٺ˵˵ɱ㡣Ϻ̲סе
ķæϺס֣Ƕͬһ㣬ǾҶͯʵѾǲˣ𣿡
ɺϺ趼ǵ˵ͷķ˼䣬Ȼ˵Ϻ㻹ĻҪ˵𣿡
ϺæϣϻϳݺҺҶˣȻĻҶаʱ򡣡
ʱҲվ˵Ҳϻϳݺ֮ˣĻҲûа취
˵Ļ࣬ķ͵ǵĻҶ֪ˣ˭˵Ļģ˭˵ĻǼٵģǻϸģȻȥǵϢ
ϺɶǺ⣬رϺ裬ԸоϻᲢ֮ìܣǶҶͯӵĸȤҲûа취ͳϻΌ⣬ǿ峤
˲ò˳ϻᣬ·ϾˣϺ׷ɱԼȻϺ裬ϺͻΪϺ軹Ǵ磬Ȼ飬˴磬Ǿе˵ȥˡ
뿪֮ķͶλ˵Ǹо֮˭˵˻ѻ
λ϶ǻ࿴˿û˭˵ķæ˵޷ȻλǻҪġϣ˵˵Ŀɡ
æϣҵĿ˵ˣǶ˵ԸǶָƣϺϾȽϹֱһ㲻ѣǹϵӵɾͲͬˣǶ֪ĻƽʱϲˣıһζļƲҪѹϺ裬ֻû뵽ȻɱϺ裬ͱȽˣҪúõĵˡ
ķֶλʵǵĿأ
λ϶׷ױ̬ǺͶϵĿһ£Ϊ˵ѡ
ķͷǾˣһʵһ£ҽʵ峤δã֮⣬Ҫ峤Ծϡ
ȴϣҿҪǵ峤峤ҲǺܺôΪǶ峤ĶӣѵҪɶֲɣҿ»Ҫ飬һ峤峤϶ҪϳɣȻǻģǼϼһﶼôʱˣҲ뱻˼ǺޣǾء
λҲǷ׷׵ͷǶĻһӵģΪȷ֮еҡ
ķĻҲȻλ϶ͬϵĿҲͰնϵĿˣǲ֮峤ʵĻǾ˵ûе¾ϣǶ˵Լȥɣ峤֮λֻһܹõ˭ܵõͿ˭ıˡ
ķȻǰնĻȥʵȴѾ뷨ǲὫ峤峤ĶӣѵҪȥɱԼĶӣ峤ȻҲ²֣һԺȻͲԳϻʲôøˣķΪϣȻҪȨһ£֮⼸λǰ˵Ҫȥ峤ֻ˵ĻͿԵǵˡ
ǵǾɣҿӦùĵǸҶͯˣոҲˣᣬѾܺϺǿ⣬˵ʵ̫ˣֱǲ˼飬һʱ䣬һвҵİȫ
ǽҪڳˣ⼸λҲ֪Ӧ취⣬æ˵ǣ̫ˣ鱨ʾҶҵĺˣΪ˱ҳ˵ģһʼʵǳǻʾǶ̶һʱ䣬ȴѾﵽʥ߼еʵЩѽ⣬һֱΪ߿϶һǿĸŻʵͻƵ֮졣
Ļ˵һ㶼ǾʦҶ׵ߵȷһʦֻû뵽ʦֻһѡ
Ҳ˵Ҳö˵Ķԣƾһ֮ô죬ÿζҲȡжɼӰ죬Ӧ֪ǬĸۡҵǮׯһǴ£һһܹͨ飬ҾǱҪǳˣҪӣҪһǳвС
ֵҿҪȡжˣüλȥʵѾвңƾλʵºõ෴ǻŪǱڻڶҶ֮ͯԾϺɻƴĻҾͻֶңҪĽ
ķ׼ζԸҶͯʵѾͼλʵ൱һȥºѽҪһʵǿĸֲС
ҿҪСӣҪǳϻһλˡ˵
ĻλϾе뷨ˣĻضǼλȻǵԼץҶףǸоóϻȥץһˣʵе˵ȥ
Ǿ˵ҿڳ˵㣬ȻСʵѾͼλ࣬мλҲӦһǰץҶͯ˵ӦöǷǳĺãǶҶ֣ͯԼ峤ǰ⣬Ǻβüλȥ׽Ҷͯҿ峤Ҳǳ˵ģҲ뿴λıֲŶԡ
ǵĻϾǵõϵϿɣΪĻǾͲسˣһܶԼλһԼǶҪúñ֡
ķҲ΢΢һЦҿϵİ취ףλԸһҶͯѾ˺ܶˣ취峤Ҳͬ⣬Ӧúܸţλʮ꣬˭Ҳ䣬óᣬ峤ҲǷֳһߵ
ȴЩĵ취ȷǺð취ֻҵ⼸λͣлڵϺһҶͯǱûгҪǳĻͱҪúõĹܽһǵΪҪΪ̫顣


߰һ ʥ߳
ķͷ˵ǣһǲƽʱҲûٻֻһαȽϼУ˵ʵ˸ǷҪһһĻǼϼһﻹܹܵˣ峤Ҳûа취ܣֻ˵취ǵǾͲǵĵˣӦ峤ǵ⣬峤Ϊǲ峤Ȼܾˣ峤ӦˣǾ˵峤ѾϿ֮ǰȥֹ峤ܵĻȻҲöˡ
ķĻǾ˵˹ؼϣһǵĹϵƲĸɸɾνı㣬һҲòķǷǳأ
λȻûл˵ˣǳ־ǣͷ׷׵ͷͬ飬ķҶͬˣЦǽɣһ峤˵ǵĽ飬Ǽλǰ׽Ҷͯ峤ͬͬͲܾˡ
¾͵Ϊֹλ뿪֮󣬴ķǰ峤ĸۡҪϻ峤ǲǸĴʥǰ׽Ҷס
ķһ峤ĸۡǰǴϣæ񣬲ǰȥ峤ķ粢ûеȴֱǰ峤ס
һɫķ䣬ķ峤ûķ󣬿Ҳʮӣʵȴķ֮ϣΪ峤ܹǿʵѾﵽʥ򾳴۷塣
ͬЩɣϺ裬ΪǸӣֻ࣬ȴӵأһ²ĿܹΪ峤ȷҪء
ķæȥ˵ķ峤
æǲϺ֮飿Ҫ㣬Ҳǳϻĵ
ķæϷҲҪ㱨顣
Ŷǳ˵æ
ķͷ峤ոλǰҺͼλ˵ʱǸִһʣ˵ĶԷҪݺԼϷͼλ飬õ½ۡ
ҡҡͷ̫ˣӱһ˸ǼȮҲϷʡģֵһȥԸˣȻ໥ƴĽ֡
ķеѹȻʱ˵ʲôæ峤ĪģλʢȳһߵͣԲŻ
æˣҵԺλ֮ʱǻụɱһֻȥԸһУǾͳӣԺǵϷǲѽ
ķæ峤ˣλҲΪһҲ֮飬ֻҪúõԼǣǹƽľĻȻҲķڷʲô
һϵĻЩ飬æʵǲʲôð취ǹƽ
ķЦϷҲո뵽һķܽٵһ鷳һλ֣Ҳ峤ܿǵ˭вܡ
һ⻰һϲæϿ˵ʲôð취
ķæҶͯѾвˣλʵȻѾǲ£һѶԸĶ֣Ϸλȥ׽Ҷͯ˭׽õҶͯĻ峤͸һĽһȻǻȫԸǼܶԸҶͯҲüλúõıֱ֣峤취Σ
ĻҲͷ˵Ĳ⼸С춼ڼ֮£Ϊľ峤λãһ¾ǳȥֱ֣Ҳʡڼ֮и鷳ǽʡһ쵽ĶڰС
ķû뵽峤ôʹӦˣΪ峤ᵣļǶˣ峤Ƿǳ顣
Ȼ峤ӦˣǾǼλԳɣǼλһҶͯһο϶ûа취ˡ
æ˵ҶͯϷҲǷǳĺ棬ȻܹҶһʵǴĵӣôܻ츳ԴǴӰɣ
ķ峤ѾķǳȷҶҵһҴߣʲôĵӣֻûа취֪ԼʵģϷ򿴣ӦһǿʦںָŻʵ¶˵ǿӲҪԸӦǸǿߡ
˵Ǹǿߵжǿ᲻в壿ﵣĵ
ҿδأԸҵĻӦͳˣҶͯ棬˵֣Ҷͯκһԭ򣬶ǼкܴвоҪԸңҲֻһλܺҵ峤̫ģ峤ĵĻǿλץסҶͯȻʳǸǿߵݱɡ
ķĻĵ˼֣͵Ǿλֻܻ׽ҶףɱұҪʳǸǿ˭ܴ⡣
Ϸλġķ
ǾͰİ취ȥɣǼúõȥһӦ飬ٸ鷳ˣⶣǣܻҶȻġ
ķæϷᶣλģǾץҶͯһδ˲ᣬҪһʱУҪ˴Ҫһʱȫ
ȥŰɣǾȥ׽ҶͯҲ׽ûϷ뿴ʲôˣܺԣƾһ˶ˡ
Ȼڼ֮УȴҶ׵ָƣһʼСС֣вϺˣҲǷǳ𾪣Ҵûмһܹ˴Ӱ죬Ȼ˵һˡ
ķҲ̾ϷҲ峤һ뷨֪СкͣܿǾ֪ˣϷиˡ
ķ뿪ĸۡϾȥٻص壬֪ͨλȥ׽Ҷ׵׼
ʱҶɽ֮ʼٵ˷񼶵ҩ֧ţٶԶԶǰͻʥ֮Ҫ֧ţ⼸öҩ͸㹻ıϡ
һ࣬ҶڵԽǿʥߵľԽḶ́ͻƣҪﵽʥСɾ硣
ֻʱȴһ֣òͣ죬ҶױԪĽŲԪһžֱ˵͵ܣм͵ܡ
Ҷ׿Ԫ˵͵ʲôˣȥӼһ²ûôʱȥǡ
Ԫȴҡͷ͵ܣЩ˿ɲһˣǸʵǿָյҪ㣬絣ǲʲô鷳ˣ͵˵һ͵ҪǸϳȥϾȥߡ
ҶԪ˵ЩʵǿһرЩ⣬ҵˣǲ᲻֪ģæЩû˵ʲôˣʵжǿ
Ԫæ˵ּҵˣ˵ǽһҪ㣬ҿ߲ƣЩʵǿҶǵʵ͵ܻСһĺá


߰ ֣Ѱ
ҶҲЩ֣ʶʲôּҵѽôͻȻˣ߲ƣѵԼˡ
Ҷ׾ȥǣԪǾͳȥɣҲ뿴˭
ԪæȰ͵ܣ֪ʵȣЩҲôǵģҿ͵ܻһᣬȥߡ
ҶȴЦ磬㿴ô೤ʱ䣬¹ʲôѵΪǵƾͲҳȥˣҲҶ׵磬ҾҲȥܸ𣿡
ԪҶ˵е޷ȷûа취ǸߣΪЩʵ̫ǿˡ
߰ɣǸǻǳȥ֪ˡҶ׾ʹԪ˿Ҷ߽ͿһȺվǿ棬ʮ뿴ʲôˣһ˺ȵҵҴɱҵ¡ҶٳһϾôˣɽǸʱǵΪԱ޷ȥɱ£벻ôˡ
Ҷ֪ô֮ϾͶߵԪ˵磬ȳȥһ¡
ΪҶ֪鷳пܻύ֣Ԫʵ̫Ҷ˵
ԪȻԸ뿪æҪô
ҶæڲǳӢ۵ʱȥ˷ҡ
ԪҲҶ׵˼ǸҶ鷳ˣԪֻ˵漯ֻ֣Ҫ״ϴɱ
Ҷ׵ͷԪŴҴȥԪһߣҶߵԼλ£Ⱥ˵ʲôˣʲô𣿡
Ͼͽе㻹װǻƣѵǰЩɽҺñ֪ݣԭˣġ
Ҷ׼λ֣͵ʶ㣬Ǹ±͵ϮҲɣ͵Ϯˣûгֻ֣ǲҪСΪҸͺûʲôڣ벻֮Ҫˡ
Ҷ˵һ죬ԭԼѱҶ׷ˣҶûɱǶˡ
ɲˣŭûж֣ҲΪдȣƾʲôǵ
Ҷײûи˵ǳߵЩ˿ȥ֪Щƴֵˣһ֪Щ˵ʵĺԪ˵ǿһǰ벽ʥߣһʥߣʥ߳ڣʥСɣһǴﵽʥС۷壬һԶһɻԵĴ
λʥС۷ߣӦ˵зˣҶ׾ͶԴ˵֮˭
λŭΪȻǵλߣҶȴûнҪ˵λʥС۷ֿˣϷ棬һþΪֻظ¶֣ҵʧ
λһ˵͵֣ǧϣҪϻֱǣҪΪҵ±𡣡
Ȼλǰǳ⣬ȫų⣬֣ǧȴ峤֮ǰϷ£԰꣬Ϸɡ
λȻˣҲûа취ֻ˵ɲҪ飬һҪʰ
֣ǧæͷӦλû˵Ҷ׼˵͵ȻֻʧǾ˵ôֻʧɡ
֣ǧ˿Ҷ׵λҲһλ֮ҽ޴ҵ֮У֣ҵʮһС£ϵɹأκɱˣҲҪȻ֣ҵӷɱҲΪ㽫ǷǰŻˣѲ˸ϵʮܹһˡ
֣ǧĻ˵ĺˣҽҪģҶҲµһ㣬Լ֣ɵʧȷСرʮҪǻ̫ˡ
ҶײûʲôţǺƽҶҸ֣ɵԱҲǺѹֲܹĻԸİ취ֲҪҵĻ»УҲӦ֪ɽκ˶ҪΣգұǷ׷ɱȻҪҵطأܲɱˣҲֻ˵ǲңûɱˣ̸ºҪɱңһηŹҲһˣҲǷ֣ʲô³һԸ֣һĲһЩƱԸĻȥ
ҶȻӦҲԷ˵ĺ˲ɱģǷɱģֻǱ׷϶ѣѾŹǳƽˣóǮֲѾܲˡ
֣Ȼ⣬еɱҵˣǵǮֲ֣һǵСǮҾҪģ֣ǧϣֱɱʡøϻ
֣ǧȴûж֣ΪҪҶͻ峤峤ûҪɱҶףΪҪҶ׵ĵϸ
֣ǧ͵ˣҪۣҪֳȻǲԸˣҲûԸ⣬ϷֻҪˣҲ֪ҵʵ־ܵĻһЩࡣ
ɱң̫˰ɣȻǲҵǾֻһսˣӮңǾͿԽɱˣҪץĻҲֻûб£һϻǵҶҲǳֱ˵˵
ãôһץһˣе˵ȥ֪ʵҲǿϷԳ֣ܴϷѵĻϷȻɱ㣬ҪǱϷץסĻֻܱҴؼ峤䡣
Ҷһһ˳֣ﻹǺܸˣôһֵĻҲֻˣһ˳֣ǾͲˣߵʵӦñϺ軹ҪǿһЩÿԼһʵ
ǺãҾ͸򣬲Ҫ˵㻰ҪʱҴˣַڣ㷴ҲûйϵץҲô׵顣Ҷ˵
ϷûоܴϷѣҲǸոͻʥ߼ѵܳϷ򲻳ɣĻϷҲϵùȻ鷳
ǾУҿ̫СЩҲֵǮǻǳȥȥʹ졣Ҷ
֣ǧҲӦҶ׵ҪҶ׾ʹ߳˿ĿտԺ䣬ڴʱԺΧԪˣԪѾ˽ȫΧ
ֻЩ˶֣ǧ˵ʵ̫ˣʲôΣգԪһҶ׳æǰ˵͵ܣôˣҪʲô
ҶæЦ粻õģֻдһ¶ѣΧЩ˶°ɣҪǽܻ˼޹
Ҷ׺֣ǧʥߣֵȻǿ󣬺ΧˣЩ˸޷ֵסһεĹ
ǡԪҶ׻ˣҶæЩ˶ҲûʲôвǲҪĺãģµġ


߰ ֣ǧ
Ҷ׵ĻԪҲֻȫ£Ҷ׺֣ǧˣ֣ǧףЩ뿪Ļˡ
ǾͲҪ˷ʱˣֳʤҲþǱץȥ뿪Ҷ׵
֣ǧܿ˵Ǿɡ
ҶҲûзϻֱӷһƻ޴Ӱ֣ѾﵽʥС۷弶𣬶Ը֣ǧҲôֻɵʵ
֣ǧҶƺͣæ֣һȭͬ˫ûκεĻʵʵĳԷĹȥһȭһ֮£Ͼͱ˾޴˫Ǻ˼ףȻվһ
ҶҲûио⣬Ϊһʼע⵽ʥС۷壬ԼҲȫĽȻ
֣ǧ͸оͬˣΪҶʵҲֵܵסȭͷһս֮£ԼȻ˸ƽ֡
֣ǧΧҲǿЩɵˣ֣ǧʵ˭ʥ򾳴ɼ𣬷ûսʤ˾Ȼһ֮ڿƽ֣Կˡ
֣ǧϣ㲻ǻְɣȻ򲻰ܣΪҪ֣ЩˣΪ֣ǧ϶һƵУû뵽ȻҪˣֻ֣ǧڼ֮ڵλͣҲֻ˵ķˡ
֣ǧҲԼ˵ɫѿΪԼֹҶ׵ʵͶ˵ģֻϷ̽һʵѣǲֵġ
ǾͿúñˣһҪˡ
֣ǧҲֻõͷתͷҶ˵ʵˣϷĹƣһϷǲˣҲóȫʵɣҪʱΪϷ˵ֵġ
ҶЦİɣǲԼЦʲôʹҲ뿴֣ҵʵ
ãаɡ֣ǧһȷΪһҶ׷ҲǶӣ֣ǧһȭϮһȭͷȴȫͬȭͷһһž޴ʯͷͺҶס
ɲһʯͷҹǿ۵ľ޴е˭֪жǿȭͷбըȭֻҶ״ʱ֪
ҶǰԼ·ƣֱͨӺһԼʵҲֻ˰˳ɵĹѾ㹻֣ܺǧԿˣǵ֣ǧȭͷײ֮ʱое㲻ˣǾ޴ȭͷȻ˱ըһɾ޴˲佫ĹǿҶҲǷæųƷǱ˳ȥڶƵֵס˴󲿷ֵҶ׻ûʲôˡ
ֻһһ֪ǱըȭˣҶԼϣջܺͽ֮ܣҪҪҲˡ
Ҷ׶֣ǧ˵µȭȻһԻ˺ܶͬĸˣҪһǲ˵㡣
֣ǧҲǷǳԼһֱıըȭȻû˵ҶףȻзȴԵֵըȭľ޴ʧ֣֮࣬ǧҲֻ˵˵Ĳֻһˡ
ըȭΪؼĵطͻϮıըȭͻϮû˵Ҷףټȥ͸ˣѡҶ׾
ǾɣҲ֪ΣҶԼϵһѸǿıɽ֮УԸ֣ǧֲ
֣ǧʹõһѱǹһɣǹͷ֪Ǻֱ죬ǵȼԲ͡
Сֵܣְɡ֣ǧгǹȻûнҶ׷֣ҶҲֱɱ£һͻԣ֣ǧǹᵵǹסȴ֣ǧ˫һ󷢲оЩ𾪡
Ҷ׵ĵڶιϵֱɱûκε·ֻһĿģǾĿ֣ǧ
ֹȷûʹκεĽҶ׵ΪǾΪȴ̺츳ͶԽ⣬ѵõģҲѵֵģΪһĽ·ӦĽ·޷ԤĹ
֣ǧҲǱ·ĹŪһͷˮͬʱҲҶ׵Ĺֻܷأһʱ䱦Χ֣ǧ͹˶Ӱһ׽֣ǧֻǽڽڰˣҶɱǱϬޱȡ
֣ǧҲǱƼˣǰѾӣһξԲٷĴ֣ǧıǹһ֮һֱӹǱǹ֮УֻǱǹʱâǹǿܶ࣬ͬʱҶҲое㲻æ÷ʱ֣ǧıǹˣǹͷһ⣬ǹֱͬһҶ׹
ǹ֣ǧĵ֮Ҳĳֻ֮ΪǹͬһʢǳĿ£Ǳǹ֮ˣǷУΣ֮
ҶһǹǿҲҴ⣬ʹһеնǹֱնȥǹҶ׵ն֮Ҳ޷֧ţ룬֣ǧǴŭһŭ֮£һʮҶ׹һתȴ̺ž޴ɱ
Ҷ׻еˣնʩչˣȴֻʩչ˲һʵȻն˴󲿷ֵȴһķΧҶײûзϣֱͨĳû뵽Ȼĳʮ仨֮ȴɱ˵һӾͳҶ
ǹľ֮ɱͬҶ״һæųܷ֮ǻһö㿪˽֮ܣҶ׵塣
һҶˣϵķ׵ȼߣֱӱƣȻû˼ȴҲܵƤ֮࣬⻹Ҷеˣ֣ǧǹҲЩ˽ˡ
ֻ̫⣬ȻʩչնʱûٻֻնһʵҶҲЩˣһһҪһʧ
֣ǧԼҶףҲǳһԼĹȫԼжųˣȻֻҶ׵һƤëѣҪ˵ˣߵҲо֣ǧıɱǺѵġ
֣ǧǷ͹һĹҪǰĸӵͣһ󽣻֣Ҷ׵ǰÿһһſµıը㣬Ҷһβˣıֱӳһٻ
֣֣ǧ˶Ϊ֮ɫǼƱˣһӾͽ֣ǧĹƸȥ֣ǧֻŬԼĹһһҪҶ׻ܡ
ֱ˶£ֱ֣ǧһȻĹжɻֻǿʼľ޴ֱӽеĹȫסЩײڽϾʧûκεв
ɲǰĽˣʵǿԸ֣ǧĹȫ֣ǧϽǿǽֱӳһ֣ǧŵæˣһűȥ
նɢƣҶһǽ޼᲻ݵһ㣬֣ǧķǺֱƿֱ֣ǧһŶƽ⣬צݺݵץס֣ǧ塣


߰ һ
һץɲˣ֣ǧϵķֱӱץãϾͱֱץ𣬳һף֣ǧ׳ףûзĻᡣ
׳֣ǧҶײû̹ջؽΪ֪һսѾӮˡ
֣ǧ˦׿⣬Ҫ˵ˤܳܵסǽոһץҪˣצֱץڲץãץƣټһ˦ǰˡ
֣ҵĵĿ֣ǧ˦ȥǾ;ʧĳ֣ǧȥ֣ǧǰǾֵķ֣֣ǧˣѪؿڸһƬѪģ˶ǺһϢӡ
֣ǧʵǿȻҶܲԼȡһöҩ̷ȥƬ֮ǴȻ˵Ϸʧˡ
һȴû˵ʲôϾ֣ǧ̫ˣֻǺǸҶףŭļһһҪΪ֣ǧϱ𡣡
֣ǧȴһץס˵֮⣬˾ȫҲĶ֣ѾˣսøϿ뿪峤ɸǰ׽
֣ǧ˵ʵǶ֣˸˵ˣʹô˼ҲѵֵҶ׵ĹҲֻ֪һҧǾϵģȻȥףһɸǰԸ
Ͼ˽֣ǧϷȻܵҶ׵ǰеСӣţһսǲСıܣһȥ֮ĸԸ㡣
ҶЦҾ͵Ⱥɡ
Ҳֻǽһ£ҲҶֶԼ֣æ˶뿪ԪһߣԪϾ͹ˣԪĵһ¾ǼҶûˣ֮ŷˡ
͵ܣôÿһѶȫأÿһζ˶֡Ԫ˵˵
ҶæЦѵϣұǴܲɣĻͿˡ
ԪЦ͵ֻǿЦѣôˣÿһζ˻ء
Ҷ׿˿뿪ķ˵˶ֻˣˣ֪֣𣿡
Ԫæ֣֪˵֣ң绹Ϊ㵣ģ֪֣ңҸǿһ͵ܺǽ³ԹºѶԸˡ
һҪҶҲǷǳĳԾȻѾҲֻȥˣҶ׾ЦҲİŰɣҶҲ㲻ȥɡ
ԪֵҾ͵ܻữΪĵģ͵ܲȱܱܷͷһɳĸֶǿһεĸֿ϶ǿ͵ܻȥĵطʵ֮Ҳ٣Ⲣʲô˵飬֪ˣ͵ܲøо˼
ԪϣҶܹ֣ܿңΪ֣ұһҪǿǿɲǺöԸģҶȴҡҡͷˣҿһǰɣӱܵĻãҪʵڴ򲻹ҲܣҶʵеܲˡ
Ԫ˵ʲôҶѾתԪ뿪ԪҲûа취Ҷײ뿪ǵԪ˵İΣһһԪץˣĻ˵ûа취ˡ
ʱҶ׼˵Ҳ֣һ¶ûҶ׵鷳֣ҺҲûκεĶͬˣҶȻ֣һǳõϢΪͨµʱ
֮һϣҶһͻƣһͻƵʥСɣɶԼϵļöǿķƷҩµʱٴηһöðʵͻơ
ͻʥСɼ𣬵ʵһ¥ˣȻҶײܶ϶ԼʵжǿǸݾ飬Ӧܹʥ򾳴ɼսˣﵽľ磬Ҷ׻ʲôɵĵġ
ոͻƲãˣһĲ֣ҵˣҵˣһĻֹһλ֣һλ֡
ҵĴʥϺ裬ɣݣǣĴʥ֮ô٣ΪϺһֱˣȻʥ߶ǰ׽Ҷף峤ҪһĻץҶҲǹͣЩʥûа취ֻܵϺ轫֮ԸҶס
Ĵʥ߸ϵԪûдκεӣΪǵʵȫҪµİҪȵԼʵһץҶףȻˡ
ҶȻԪҴҵǰ㱨˵λˣҶױΪ֣ҵˣ߳ԪͿ֮λֳ֣ǵʵˣҶһ۾ϳλϺɣϾʶЩӦþҵĴʥ߰ɡ
벻ǶˣҶҲЩ⣬ﻹеˣĸˣҲʡһһȥ鷳ֻ뷨ҪĴʥ֪һǳľȡ
Ĵʥ֮еϺɶҶףԲûʲô棬ֻݺȴûмҶףǿҶʱҲǷǳĲ죬æϺʵλ磬һ˵Ǹˣ
ϺͷɲҪıԻˣʵǿĺܣһСĶˣҲҪСĵǡ
æģһһҪ¡
ȴҲæ磬ɲһ˳ԶʳСǸװŸǵı˭Ҫץˣ˭ڸ׵ǰõνҲҪ
ȴЦҿ˭ò಻ţ
ɵֻϺˣΪϺ֪Ҷ׵ʵжǿ֪ҲֻҶ׼ǰʵԣڣҶ׵ʵǿ󣬿Ҷ׵жǿ
æ磬Ҳ֪ʹ綼Թǲ˵ҲԿһһҪץСӣҪȻһ˾Ͱˡ
Ҳ˵Ҫһ֣˭Ҳܺ
ЦĵܣʵǼ֮㻹Ҫһ֣Ͳ±ˣ
ȴô֪ҵʵڻģЩҿƴǲҪ˭ʵǿ
ϺһֳܵˣæеǶҪˣǻûȥ֣ѾԼˣ˵֮˭ҪԼϳͲҲӦ֪ˡ
ϺǴ磬Ȼûʲô취СĵܵһѹݺҲͲٸæȻǱҪи󵽰ɣ˭һϡ
Ϻ迴˿ɣ֪ǾԲһϵģΪһϵĻˣֻݺһϣϺȻҲһȥ
ҿֻһȥץҶͯɣץΰɡϺ˵
еƻ綼ɫ֪϶⣬æˣȻĵȥǾȥɣҪչһСܵܵġ


߰ һϰ
Ǳ˵ĺǲˬæ˭ҪչˣĻһ˵˭Ӯ˭ȥץ
Ϻֳ͵Ҫˣĵȥɡ
ֻռˣûһڴĻȻûʲôԣĵȻǸˣæȥˣȻץҶ׵ʱҲڸǰ˵˵ǵġ
Цһ˵ܺö˶˵ĻҪŪĺһһ
Ǿ͸߸˵ķ䵽Ҷ׵ǰҶ׶ǵ̸ֻоЦڼǰһǳģΪһʥСǿߣȻǴ򲻹ǣѾͻʥСɣʵʵȴԶԶ磬ûʲôõĵˡ
ڵһǰҶײûзϣӦ˵ǵȷ֮ʵģһûʲôӣ綼ûгͼų֣ڼ֮Ҳʲôõġ
ȴҶ׵һӣȥµĴҶһ˵Сӣû뵽ᣬ˵㻹ҴͶ綼ܹı£滳ǲˡ
ҶЦû״㲻֪ҲļλΪβһˣѵչ㣬Ͳݺ𣿡
ȴǹЦݺôҵȻ֪ôģĺûôܻøңֻﶼˣΪǶԹĿͷԲϣûģҾͲţ㻹ܽҴܣĻҲˣΪ㶼򲻹ʲô
ǵĻ˵ҲǷǳеҶ׶еҶ׾͵Ǻðɣʲô¾ɣҲ˷̫ʱ䣬һҪԸλ硣
˵ĸɴ࣬ǾֱǿһжʤҲ뿴жʵ˵
Ҷȴҡҡͷƾ㣬ʹǿĹһ뷨һ֮ڽܵġ
Ҷ⻰ǵɫˣȻҪһ֮ڽԼܣôܹܣǴŭСҲ̫˰ɣ֪Ҫ۵ġ
Ҷȴ֮仹֪˭ڿаɡ
ǱҶ׳׵ļŭˣΪǵĶԻļλ綼ȻǻᳰЦԼϾԼıһ챦ıҪҶһжʤ
ͬʱϺҲǿ˷ܲѣ˶ҪǵԽʯҶ׵жǿֻһ֮ڻǻǾҶڴţݾ͵磬ǾСһ֮ڻĵ𣿡
Цƾû£ı£˭Ķ֣Ǽλһ֮ڻĵ𣿡
ϺȻ֪Ƕһ֮ڻǣҪ˵һ֮ˣҲô׵飬ܱǻܡ
ȻҲҶ׵ĻʱѾ趯űҶɱһʹԼԯһ£ռʱͱ룬Ȼֻ˲գʵԿԯҶȴûԼıûͻ֮ǰͿԺϺƽ֣ͻˣȻսʤûʲô⣬ܻܲ˶֡
ʾʵʱˣǵĹûκεľٶͺϺ˶Ǵһǲ֪ҶˣʲôȴǷǳĸˣΪСӲ֪Լ
ԯȷǺǿһ£ֱܽӸǰļʮ׷ΧһֱѹƵǿѹһ֣һ֮ѾܶˣΪ޷ֵǿµѹ
ѹҶ׵ǰͲʲôˣǵǳ嵽ԼǰܸõһлɱֱǵıҪ䵽ͷ֮ϣҶڳˣһֱӽͨƱͨƴʱѾͻƵ˵߲㣬Ըȴֻ˵ʵΪѾԶԸˡ
һǣϾ͸оΪԷƷһʩչǿϾͳĹƶȥԼĵȻһӲĸ˻ǴһæҶ׵ͨƣͨƵѾﵽһֿµĳ̶ȣҶ׵ʥ򾳴ʵӳ˴󲿷֣㿪ֻܷ
ֻһǷֽһ㣬˲䱻Ҷ׵ͨƻ飬һǵıǱͨƵĹֱ֮ӴǵѣǱĻĵɳס
ϺȴûȥӪΪǶǰսˣҶ׾Ȼһƾͽǻܣҿ˵ķǳأǷӦſڵ
ϺǴ磬ȻҪȥǵƣҲ֪Ҷ׵Ĺжǿ˶ɵǵǰǾͿǱǹλƶλãǿķױܶҶ׸ˡ
˵ôأ⼸λҲɫˣ֪Ҷ׵ʵֱǿˣұôľˣֱǵ
磬ݺѽСôǾȻҡʹĽеʹǣıȻ˼ĵˡ
Ϻ˵Ȼ֪ҶҲû뵽ôϺæĵܣǶ֪ʵô죬ǰʱұʵҴ£ʱʵӦ൱ģҲ̫˺û뵽̶µʱѾﵽʵǴʧˡ
ǵȻĻˣҲûа취ˣȥץɣֻҪΪұˡ
ϺæģǵܲĶ֣֣
Ϻߵ˵벻֣һϣ
Ϻ赱ȻǲһϵģɺݹȻҡͷæСһƾܻĵܣҲĶֻ֣ˡ
Ҳǵͷʱûа취ֻϺİţϺ͵Ǿͺãһ֣ΪĵܱɲҪֵ֣ĻǸûлᣬʱǼ˭ܲ
æģСôĸ֣޲ȫԸǡ
Ϻֿ˿ɣΪĵɣƻʱҲǵͷȻ֣˭ԼЦ
Ϻ˵Ǻãھȥץ
뿪ǣҶ׵ǰҶ֪һǲһһˣҪĻǵԴƶˣΪһһǾ͸ѽ
һҶ׾Ц֪ҵ˰ɣһˣ
Ϻ˵Сӣʵ̫ˣǶûа취ôģǱҪ£ٵһʱ䣬֪жǿ
Ǿ˵ˣٵЩӣǶǶֻ֣һҲδؾܴĹҡҶŵ


߰ ҳ
СҪ񣬿δ㡣ݺȵ
ǾһɣҲʶʶĴʥߵʵֻϧһ˸ۿ۶ѡҶЦ
ϺȡԼıܵ˵ȡһɱ˭Ҳ
ɺҲȡԼıͬʱҶףϺһ˼ͬʱҶ׳
ѱӦΪϬѱʩչĶָߵֻ֮ͣ˵츳ߵͲܾǵĹ츳࣬һս֮£ѱʱγһǿĹƣǳҶϯĽӰҶȫǣֱ޷Ӱ
ҶӰ֮£޷ѣǾ˸оѾҶס֮ʱǽ֮кȻһʱͳ˽꣬Ҿ޴ǽ֮ںֱЩһɨʱҶ׾ͳǽм䣬嶼λס
ʥ߳ԾʱҶȴЦʥҲû˵ʲôھ͸ҳˣǿˡ
ҶϷǿĹһʩչնɢǷӳȫǰԸ֣ǧǿһֱӳˣ˴ʧɫ֮£Ͼͳ©ΪǱĲϣȻЭԸҶףѵľɣϾͷɳʮ׿⣬Ϻӱܣ֪޷ֵˣæҲ˳ȥȴһģ綼ˣҲܵʱǽѾһצֱץ塣
ݴ󾪣֪һץǾǱһץץİݸæȫֵֵܵסĹǰѱֱץɣݼͬ³ǽץסֱӳ˼׿⡣
һεƱǸӵأΪҶһεĹǸһܹȵģݵʱѣѾˤڵϰûзӦ
ʱ˵ɺϺȴӵĺˣϺɸǷŭŭɣȻӣܵشĴһҪ߸ף
ȴģЦϺ裬㲻ҲһΪ綼ˣСܵȻҲܹܣǰ԰ûʲô˵ġ
Ϻ޷ֻۣܸϽȥݵƣݵǰĶ˰أѾǰˣֻʣһѣϺæһöҩĿУʱƣҪ»С
Ϻݵʱȴ͵͵Ҫˣ֪ѾˣƾϺʵ϶Ҷ׵Ķ֣οĵˣǾ͸Ƕˡ
ǵɾҪߵʱҶȴҲͼҶײûдߣΪҲǼʥ֮һҪ¡
ٶȳ˳ȥǵոշɳ֮ʱȻǰһӰһ˲͵סȥ·ϸһǲҶ
һҲǻˣȻǿ˵ҶͯҲսˣ䣬һұ֤ԺҲ鷳ˣҵĹԺҲʡ
ɼԼҶ׵סԼĶ֣ĵİ취Լס˱ʲôǿʲô
ҶΪԼļҳ£ΪкܶҪҶ׾͵ԹԵĻȥҪǼ⣬˭ҪǸߵĻɱ
ȲַֻˣһϺƿڴ쵰Լֵ˶ܣǸ
ȴʲôûµҶףϺûκεвȻϡ
Ҷֿ˿Ϻ˵ǻҾĻǾͼ
Ϻ֪Ҳûа취ԸҶˣսֻݵһ³Ϻҡҡͷˣ䣬ʲôʰɡ
Ҷ׼ҲʶȤ͵ҵĴʥ߶ˣҪǼ⣬ǻشûƭңҲŹ֮ˣ˭ƭĻǱ붼
æͷҶ˵һʵ档
ʱѾһȫҶ׵ָˣһҶϺѵˡ
ҶҲûڣͶϺ˵ӦҲ֪ҵ˰ɣ
Ϻͷ֪Ҷҵĺˡ
Ҷ׼֪͵ǺãҲ֪ΪʲôǱɣ
Ϻǵͷ֪ΪҽҶˡ
˵Ҷ׵ɫѿˣǳʹ࣬һֱԼļҳǵʱˡ
Ǻãң˭ҪҶҵģ˭ȥִģҶ֪˭Ȼ֪ңұϾһӴļ壬е˶ˣֻЩ˱
һϺ貢û˵ˣ鲻͸¶ϵܣѡ˳ĬҶ׿˿ı飬֪˵Ҷ׾Ͷ˵شҵ⣬˭ɱҶң˭ֵģ
ͬҲǲ˵ڣ֪˽һ˵Ҳ˵
Ҷ׼Ҳ˵ͺȵȻǶ˵Ǻðɣɱһҿǻ᲻˵
Ҷ׾𱦽ָˣϺɶǷǳĺ¡һ𽫱ָǣҶ׾Ȼָɡ
ΪҶ֪ƻˣҶƽʱˣױܣҪɵҵȱڡ
һҶ׽ָˣɫˣҶҪɱĻǷǳ׵飬ϺǾԲġ
ʵǲףҶΪʲôҪ֣̬õģҪ֪ҶˣһڸոԼıˡ
Ҿɱ㣬Ĵ᲻˵Ҷæ
һɿɾŵˣȻһ¾͹Ҷ׵ǰ˵Ҷ˵˵ϺȥҶŵģûκεĹϵָʹġ
һ仰˵ϾϺըˣѪˣϷ뽫˵ΪҲҵˣȻȸ״Ǿ͹ֲˣλҶɱȫҵĴͷ֮˾ɣ˸֪´˽ҶˣΪ˴£Ѻ꣬ţǧȷûƭ㡣
ϺĻҶ׸ӵŷһЩΪϺȻеðʧȴǹֱ֮ˣȻҲȫţʱҲеϺѪˣȥɱҶҵˣҵϣʲô֤֤ɱļ𣿡
ϺȴǺʾΪû֤ݣǺãȻݺңҲٶ顣ϺͶҶ˵Ӧ֪ɱҶҵȻҵĵӣǱȴĸָӰɣҾ͸㣬˭ָʹġ


߰ 
Ҷ׶ʱһϵԪףҪʳҶæ˵˵ģһɱ㡣
Ϻ赱ȻϣҶײɱæָʹɱ֣ҵˣ֣ұҵʵǿûа취ֿ峤ȴûдӦҪҶңǾȻҵɣ֣Ҳǳˣ֣ҵΪѰһǳǿһ˵ĸֻǶûҵ
Ѿ̲סϺ˵˵Ҹûг֣֣ҵָʹɵģûһĹϵ
ҶǵĶȴһѵĴ𰸣Ǿָʹǵ˾֣ҵˣ֣ѵǺͽսǸ֣
Ҷ׸æϺ˵˵Ǹ֣ҵĸ֣ң
ϺæǽǸ֣ңǱֵģǱҾܾˣΪһǰָʹɳɱҶңһֱĹǲ֣ܺ֡
ҶһǸ֣ңŭһӾͳֻҪȷϣڻϺһ˵Ļȫŷ
Ϻ裬˵ɴɱҼ˵ģʲô֤ݣҶʵ
֤ҵȻУΪɾ֣ҵҸ׵ĵӾ֣һλĳϵŮĳɳҶңѰǲǿ֮⣬ûκ˺֣ʲôϵΪ˴£֣棬֣ǿܶ࣬Ҳûа취ֻ֮ܲ
ϺĻҶ˼֣֣ҵȻõѡˣɴʱȴѾŭϺҪɱ㡣
˵ɾϺֻûеϺǰҶ׾ѾˣһҶû֣ΪϿȷɴɱģĳˡ޲һɱˡ
Ҷֱӷųһ̴ɵ࣬һҶ׶ʵɸûа취ܣĿԼҶһ̴࣬ȻվҶ׽أ̵أǲû
һҪɵΪʵ̫ǿˣʧȥսΪҶ׻лҪʡ
Ҷߵ˵ǰҪ˵֤ԣ֤ϺĻģҶ׶˵˵ɣ˵ĻҲɱġ
ҲǱŵðæ˵֪֪ʹ˵ȫͬȥɱȫҵģ鶼֣ҵĳָʹģһ֪Ǹϵ֣֣
õǵĿ϶Ҷ׾ϺĻȷģȻȫȷºҵ峤޹أѾ֪϶йˣִߣ
ҶߵɵǰˣŭɱҶһʮ˿ڣҪһʮ˽
ҶϾͷסɵ˿ڣܿȥɾֵı֮£Ҷ׵ıˣһҶûѡκεĹֶΣǷǳԭʼýɵκһλҪΪÿһλ˱
һֱ˵һʮ˽ʱѾ̳һ⬣ûһõĵطҲֻȥҶȴ壬ûа취
һʮ˽֮Ҷ׶еҵˣĸף캢ΪǱˡ
˵Ҷױһ˦ɵͷأ
ɱ֮ҶϺǰϺѾŵðˣҶҲҶײûֻ֣ʵոǵĻ𣿡
Ϻŵ˵ģǸϵȷ֣ɵľ˾ˡ
Ҷʵ֣峤֪𣿡
ϺҲæ峤ӦҲ֪Ϊ˵֣Ҳ֣ҳͽһֻΪλܸߣ峤֣࣬Ҳֻˡ
֣ҶĬ֣һжΪģҪҵˣΪ˱
Ҷʵ֣ʲôط֣ʲôط
Ϻæ֣ҾڼǧĿ۹һǰԸ֣ǧˣֻҪҵ֣ǧҵǸ֣ˡ
ã֣ǧû뿪Ҷ֣ǧҵ֣ʡȥ
֣ǧǱ֮ӦûϷأǵפˣȥڰ￪֣Ҹۡ
õ֣ǧ䣬Ҷ׷ǳˣܿҵǸĳ֣ˣϺ˵ϣ˵ģǸƭҵĻһǵġ
Ϻæôƭ㣬ǧȷ֣ҵ˴˵гĻԸܳͷ
Ҷ׺ϺĻͷǺðɣǿ뿪ˡ
Ϻû뵽Ҷ׾׵ķˣе㲻ŵĿҶףҶ׾͵ѵ㻹𣿡
Ϻѹæ˵Ƕ˲ֻܣ֮ҶϾ׼ȥ֣ǧ
ҶϾҵԪѯ֣Ҹۡλã漴Сͳȥ֣ܿҵĸۡûʲôأֱӴ˽ȥ
֣ҵİ˴븮ۡϾͽΧ˹ҶײûмǷֱӳȥǰͳҶһɨȫɨ˳ȥûһṦΧ֣ҵĵӵز
ڴʱ֣ǧҲˣ֣ǧոˣû뵽ҶôΪҪˣ֣ǧæ뽫ɱ𣿡
ҶҡҡͷǣֻҪ㽫Ҵȥϴ֣
֣ǧһ˻Ͼɫ䣬ȵѵѾ֪ˡ
Ҷ׵ͷҵĴʥѾˣҲһɱֻʣϴˡ
֣ǧǲţֵĽеҲɱˣǿ֣ϵ
˻֤ϺĻ٣Ҷ׸ˣɱȫңɱкβңһҪɱ֣ΪԪס
֣ǧĻȻЦҶͯû뵽ôͲ࣬Ҳû뵽ǸҵĴʥûãԸҼ֣ʵ
ʱ֪ϴȥҶ׺ȵ
֣ǧȻҲɵʱ򲻴ӦԼǱɣ֣ǧͷãھͿԴȥֻȥ֮һڵġ
ǾͲҪܵˣӦңȻһ·߰ɡҶ״ߴٵ
֣ǧֻøҶ׷ɵСıϣ֣ǧʵѾ޷ʩչȻ޷ѣֻҶ׵ָӡ
֣ǧ֣ҵַܲСϾͳǸȥһֱʱ֮һ޴ׯ԰棬֣ǧͶҶ˵סĵطбȥɣȷҰɣӦҵġ
Ҷ׵ģȥȷ֮϶㡣СϾͷɵׯ԰֮ڣ֮ׯ԰ҲǾһȺæҶ׵Χס
Ҷ׿˿ΧˣһЩͶ֣ǧ˵֣
֣ǧΣֻöߵһλ˵ȥϳ˵Ҷͯˡ


߰ ɱ
Ȼʶ֣ǧȻ֪ô£Ǹæȥ㱨ˣƬ̹߳һˣ޷ͷ붼ˣȴǷǳһ֪ࡣ
֣֣ҵĳϣȻǿģǵλȴ峤ƽƽΪıߡ
Ҷ׿ˣͶ֣ǧ˵֣𣿡
֣ǧæͷ֣
õȷ֮Ҷ׾͵ڿˡ
֣ǧæҶ׵ߣһ֣ܵߣϾͽе˲ˣСӽұ鶼Ūˡ
ʱ֣Ϣ֮ҲǷǳԾϾͺȵѵˣҪ˵Ϸɱ㡣
֣ǧȴæҡͷ˵ģҵĴʥ˵ģѾ֪ɱȫҵģԽҲɱˡ
ɱɱ֣ɫǷŭˣŭСӣɱҽһҪʬΡ
Ҷȴûʲô飬һֱڹ۲֣֣ǧĶԻӶԻԷǳ϶֪ǰɱԼļˣ˾ǰŭѾ޷ˡ
Ҷ׷ŭ֮ȴЦôɱΪɱҵļˣҲɱҪɱ㣬ΪҼ˱𡣡
֣ȴǴЦСӣȻǰеȫ֪⻹ңҲȥ㱨ˣҶһˣɱ֮ҲǰƽˣԺҲˣСӣڡ
Ҷ׹۲֣ʵʥ򾳴۷壬Լʵ»ֻǴﵽʥ򾳴ɶѣҪսʤǷǳѣǼȻѾԼĳԼǰǾԲŹġ
ҶЦ˭ڻ˵һǸ󣬽ҲˣҾҪ
֣ЦΪ֣ǧɱɣΪˣ㻹ûǿߣϷʶʶʲôǿߡ
֣ǧ֪ҪˣæӳΣյ򣬶ʱҶҲȡԼһͶҲԶ֣ӡ
֣ͬʱҲȡԼıһѵȼҪߵҶ״һ֣ͬʱֱڰ֮ٻ˽һʱգΪڵҶ׽ӵ˼£ʱĽʮɣӴޱȣ֣ҲǴʧɫʵôҶһʥСɼʩչģʥ򾳴ɵ
޴Ľֱӳ֣֣ʥ򾳴۷֣ǿĹǺη壬бͬʱڰֳ֮ͬһͷǿӰһͷͽľ޴ޣֱȥͷӰڰ֮н
Ǿ޴Ӱ˿Ҷ׵ĽһȥͽĹƻһס˽ȥ·ץסϾͶ޲ȡ˻һʱͷõڰ֮дѷѽ⣬ճһǿתڿγɣһ޴쫷ɨΧһУԲ׵ȫɨȥҶɨһ
ׯ԰ķҲ׷̮ΪֻӰǿʵ̫¡Ǹ޷ֵׯ԰̮һҡ
ʱս֮еҶ׺֣ȫսҶ׸оʥ򾳴۷ʵĿ£Ѿƴȫûа취ռʲôƣԳʵõʵĲҶƾԼʵûа취սʤֵġ
ҶȻѾڼ֣ļѾ֣һˣѾǷӳԼȫʵȻûСӻɱȻֵܼڣ֣סСӸսԼһʱӻˣб
ֻǼʹҶҲģԵĸоҶѾЩֲסԼֻҪټӰҶϾͱɱ
ֵ֣ʱ򻹲ҶЦСӣȷǺǿǿҶЩŵĵزˣ㻹ˣӦõʵһȼұĻŻлᣬûˡ
ҲҪû»ҡҶ׷
ھ㿴ûбɱ㡣֣һǾ޴ӰʱͱĸӵǿԱĸ󣬸ӵʵ޵˫ץס˽壬Լ島Ҫ˺ѣҶ׶ʱоһʹǽݸʹ࣬ҪǱѵĻҪܴܵĴˡ
ʱĵˣ㻹ʲôʱǿ˵ΪҶ׻ģû뵽ûг֡
Ҷ֪ԼҲǵĹͷóǸ޷սʤֵģʱͱҶ׷ųһѸǿıǾǴӻõĵ𼶱
һѱʱһ𶯣˵𶯣֮䶼Ϊ֮𶯣̫ǿˣΧĿռ䶼쳣Ҫһ㡣
ʲôȻ˵һ֣ҲǱסˣһѱĵȼԶԶûмı
һɱı㲻֪ʲôֻҪ֪Ҷ𱦽ͷųԼһѱӳҲ֪жǿֻ˲Ȼһһĵõ
仯Ҷ׶ţΪĽжôǿҲֻԼӰѣܱģǰͳһΪǽϵƬȫʵĴڡ
Ҷ׶ЩţȥһԼٻĽһҲǱŵˣȻǽ壬ǽƬĴڡ
ô£ѵ𣿡Ҷ׾ȵ
ʱ𿪿ЦȷһһֻۣѾܹΪʵʵˣֻûģֻĿƣѱǵ𼶵ıǵĽϣγһӵĹǰĽĽǲͬģΪ岢壬
ûҶ׻Щף֪һ㣬ǾҪԼǰĽ϶ǿܶ࣬㹻ˣҶٻ֣͹
֣ҲǱǿĽŵøæз޸Ǽǿ˹޴ٴǿֻƶܳһ˵ĴСӰֱӳ˹ȥ֣ҪΪǿסҪӳµ
Ǿ޴Ӱ嵽ǰȴſڣ͵ĳһ棬ʱͽǽյֻʣһ壬֣ĹϾʧˣԼҲܵ˺ܴĳڲˡ
֣Ҷ׻֪֮һԼԵֵˣϵͷܣҶ׵Ĺ漴һӿµĻӽ֣ķֽͬһȫջ٣֣漴档
Ҷ׷ȥ֣ѾֻʣһƬݹǣҲû뵽ǿ󣬾ȻճӣǽԼĴˣһ󼤶Ǵһĸףĳɱˣڿ԰Ϣˡ
֣֮ҶԼı£ܿ죬뿪Ԫ۹ǰʥԺΪҪȥԼŮѺֵܣʥԺ֮Ҷ׵һµĿʼٸǿս
ȫ꡿
==========================================================================================
վС˵Уȫ-Уȫ-У޴TXTС˵أhttp://www.freexiaoshuo.com/
==========================================================================================