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Ůͼ
ߣǶ

ݼ飺
һϹǿ֮һϵиԵĹ˴Խݴ½ǷվĶˣʮŮͼʮ绪Ůӣ
߽һŮ磡ǡšʳ̻𡢷˴ԼӺݻ󡢷绪
ҩеСЫˡԼ˵еľת굤ͷ쵤ҩĴ
ĵõ壬û뵽Ǭеɾҩٶȿϰٱǧҩֻʮ꣡


һ 񹦾ѣ֮ա


1 ˮ
һ滷ɽСɽ壬羰ﻨ㣬һƬٵľɫе͸еķҷ˾񶼻Ϊ֮һ
һɽĬĬһҵСкСкܵһĬĬʱ˿СкһܾȣСһ˫ܺÿĺɫ۾ܺÿֻǴʱ˫۾¶ȷǺ䲻µį
ˣΪʲôһԼǸŽȻͬʷϵĳʱΣֻ֪½оݴ½
оǼ˶ϰ似ΪʲôԼȴʲôҲϰķֻҪһ˶ͻӿ죬ιȥˮţ
ԼǺͬѧһλεģôĪ磡
ˮˮһŮˮɫָͿģ
˵ӻ־ǸɽŮȻ֮Ůӣ
⺢ӣôֶôԶԺҪȥȥòãŮӴȰЦǣˮС𱸵
ʱˮĸоȣʱŮϣûѾȥˣԼ֪ΪʲôڲȥЩˣ֪ŮӺܰ˶ֻֻԼװ
ˮӳûмԼǸףСԼŮӽԼһֱڡ
ˮգ£ׯҵˣƫԶɽׯҾڷԲﶼǴңΪżҴѧҲΨһһаСԷͥ
ׯׯܴһƬǲǵļ壬ˮ֪ʢУΪԼڵÿ˶Ҫϰ䣬꿪ʼֻǸ⣡
һЩ˼ҲһЩֲڵ似ǿ壬ˮǰҲǸԼһճΪݺ˼ңϷ
ˣԼȴһ޷ķ뵽СĵĿԼ׵Ůӣ˫۾ĿԼаĳɷ̫ˣ谮ϣʡ
еϣˮͷԼԼ׵ϣÿĸϣԼĺӳͷأԼĸ׵ȻҲϣԼǷԼҪʧˣ
Ůˣ׵ŮˣһҲ뿪Լ
ˮҲ֪ȥԷŮԶô֪Դ󷽣ԽˮоĸײһˣʼˮΪҼŮ˹ֲȫǣ
ǲǺûãС䣬Ҳܣ᲻ҲҲΪǷˮСԵúܵ䣡
һۣԼϣȫӣȴǲ䣬ԼϣҪˣǵɽȹһɣ
ˮŮͷ⣬˵ﲻ㣬˭㣬㣬㲻ǷĽģĵģ㿪ŻῪ֪𣡡±ˮ
ǵĶϰߣˮоҸ뻹и˰Լ˵ԼҲãԼҲգЩɵ˰ôôֻԼоԲĸף
ׯԲʮﶼҵķݺڵҼѾ꣬Ϊﵽʮ׺۷壬˵Ѿǰ˿ɿˣ˵۷ʹһҲһʮ
ҼСŮ˼ҶĸŮȴһСģԱĲˣŮʮν޸оҸ˲żüø޾ЦǿˮҲǺܿģװģϾôˣڶ߷Ҳûʲôϵе⣬ƽ߹һŮҲ԰һЩ޶׵Ľ
һƬׯ԰ׯǵһ޶Ĵڣ±ˮ߽Ҵſ䳡ӡŮǻĴȭһǿ׳Сϻ
··𿴵ˮеʧ䣬̾һôСͺҪǿԽԽ⣡
ĽԴԼǰЩڶĺӣ
һȡ١ϴˮĶ䣬·˵Ҫ̶


2 ʱ
ʱҴҶƼ׾Թ϶ˮ˵ʱʧʹ࣬Ȼ߲٣ȻݵСֻ˫۾ԽԽÿˡȴ嵥ϰκ似
ˮˮһǿ׳Сϻһﺰˮ
ˮȻû¾ͻɽܣƽô꣬ŽܵķԽˣ
ˮŤͷǺԼϵõ໢
໢ˮСһ꣬ѾҴ޵ʿˮƽ߷͡ʿ佫˧졢ʡۡ顢ʮÿַʮ㣡
໢СӣͬӾҲ˵һҼͶĸӣ
ຢͯǿˮģϾһΪ磬һעϰķ˭ῴΨһһѾ໢
·󵽱ȷϲϰ似ʱҲעǹ¼ŵģ
ȻˮʵѾжʮ֮࣬ǰʮ꣬ԲûСһû޻֣û˼ˮ޹ֹ
ˮҲЩСƨΪƨֵòɿޱӣоģ໢ֵܡˮǺܸ˵ģˮԽԵȻԷֻǸСӣȻůģ
ҼүӿǺ۷״̬ĸӳӴﵽ˧żֻǿ಻ͻƣӶ˧˼ֻеĸߵ㡢еĵ͵㣡
ֻרϣս˧ʮﵽ߼ֻҪ֮в˿ԺͰǵ࿹⣡
֮иżţѶʮһﵽ佫߼޶Ե̣
ľʮǰһʱͻƽ佫޸˵ζЦѣʮĵ佫֮ӻҪ֪̫꣬ˣԵٶȱ֮һЩŶѲѷɫ޶Ӽĺĵף
һΪ̸Ļ䣬ˮǸµ֣ԲŻֻҪ˯ԷܵɽϾ
ö֮ԽԽĮȻܿЦݣ޶
ˮ֪ÿį¼ŵСӰ̲סʹҩҽˮȴ˿ûЧĮСֻ˯źʱŻ¶ĵ΢Ц
ôܳˣȥСľ˾˴ƨƨˮֻں໢˵ʱϲŻһЩ
û£ֲۣʲô໢ν˵ˮһ꺢˵ܿɰⲻ֪ҲǸӣ
ߣȥɣùһҪˣ໢գŴ۾˵
ˮ໢ǿ׳壬ٿԼǵֻε̾ϢһѵԼȹһΪʲôԽô࣬ÿһΪǿߣΪβԼһԼԽһ𡭡
ˮ໢صʱϳԷҪȥˮˮкˮ໢Էһµһ죬ÿµһ춼ȫһԷžһ£Ҳ¸飡
ϣͬӡӡԣȻеҵ
ӺΪʵʵʩһֶּΣĿľǵȺСӵĺöԣΪһҫ㻨ǮҲҪ˸ߵö࣡
ˮԱĬĬ극˶ɻʵ൱ߵýĴһ𣬶ˮСֹ¼ŵһˣΪ׵ȴ޲ߣ
¸̾꣬ԼĶӱǰȻįϾʱܿһ棬ӣȥӻģȥĹµįСӰµ۾ٴε飡
֪꣬ǵڶٴˣ


3 
ˮį߳ңȥɽҲûеطȥһ֪ٴĵطԶɽ£һ֪֮ܣÿοееϣ͸ԼԼһҪǿĻȥΪľΪһϣ
ˮԽԽѹԽѹԽַĸо̲סպ죬ҾͲ䣬ѹңҾҪ㷴۲ʵԶ
ˮһɽȥҪеĲͷŭͳͳܳȥйȥȻоԼըģ
ȴ֮͸оƣȻҧ·Ծһɽϳȥ
ˮСϪһд̼񾭺־ƼʹЧ
Ҳ䣬ҪǿҪŹȥҵŲ֪˶ʱһͷ²ʡ£
ʱʧɫתе֮˿˿ôͣˮȻţڰɽСôС͹¶
ңڷҲˮȥˮȥǸɽȥңǺûˮټְΧĶһ黹ûзˮӰ
ڻˣæϻؼңɳҵܳȥȥѰˮԼǷ˷һȥֱʱ˲֪ҵСԭǸֻ֣Ϊ˶Լ֪Զȥ
ʱˮһһλԹȥȥһ˲䣬з·һŴһණԴԴϵĴ˽
ǿڤ롢ҩ÷졢⿡׷֮ɽ֮
ףЩλεĸôˣҸӷ˼ϸ֮ˣֻǳϹǿ⣬Ǳʾ޷
ˮܼԼλʱ֪Ǹʱѧϰǿģ¿Ժħˮ֪ûħǿߣ˲һǳصǿߣ
λʱˮ֪λǿĲɼܣǸܣֻиǿʹû˿ɼܶǿ޵еǿ󣬵ȻǸҪ£ܾǹ䲻ͷһգ
ˮЩֵֺϸĽܶӡԼԺˮѼסϸеĻɬѶľӣˮȻӡһ
Ŀ
ӰһԺȴгһĻˮޱȵһĻˮԺгһͼ
̫ͼͼ
ػǽͼɣˮţ
ǸͼСֻһСôĶתˮܵתɢһһȴԼȫԼľ
һ̣ˮ·оԼ޵ԼΪʲôЩ˵λʱΪʲôڽųЩ
ѵͽԼһķֱƣйϵ
ˣԭǷܱλܱԭ
ˮԼޱȴ޷еͼȻǻתˮԿ϶ԶתȥˮҲ֪ΪʲôֱǿңˮԸܵҲͼԸıˣ
ͻȻҵмŽк
ףҵģ
ˮǼнһůȴȻ˿ڣ
ˮ
ˮ

⣬ҵˣˮ֪˭һԼǰ
ˮˮˮٴĸ׵ĽֻˮʹҲ뵽ǳҭѾף
ž͸ܵԼĸ׽ǸůĻϤˣ뵽ǸԼԼףˮеҸᣬǸ׵ˣĽһҪΪֻծ
֪ʲôʱˮѾ˯ȥ˯֮ǰܸܵ˸Լ׺ͱ˽̸ֻǺоԽԽС
ˮ΢Ц˯µģָо̫һů


4 Ϲǿ
ڶ죬΢΢ˮȻȻڴţǵĿԼ㲣˫º۾ϸϸѪ˿
ˮ˵ıסˮ
ˮˣﲻ¼еʵ
ףˮһֻһʲôҲ˵׵Լһҹûкۣˮ͸мϾǸĺӣ
¿ǡίĽԼһף¸оӺܿ࣬ΪӲܽҪ޸֮ڴ½㣬ǮҲᱻһײ˳Ц
뵽½ӣԽоԲ
ף˯ɣۻģˮֻСӵĿ˵ʹȻоԼӴϻ쳣ϧϰ䣬ȻԶӵһǸţϾĶӰ
񡭡
ֲˮֻڴϣˮҪȴ±סֻ»Уţ
±Ͼһû˯ῴˮûºһᰲ˯ȥ
ˮȵĸ˯뿪䣬΢΢ΪʱоҲûƽʱƺ;ĸооԼܱˣҲԼһϰˣ˵㵫ԼֻҪϳԿһɾͣ
ˮȥҪԼǷģһţˮٴη񱼣һˮޱȼͬʱҲܵģԼٴ
һܵɽֻ۵ĴڴûơҪըѵĸо֪ԼƾһҹʱѾ츲صı仯ˮ²һǸͼ
뵽ͼˮ̲ס۾ľȻٴοǸһСͼԼԺȻתϵĸԼ
ˮߵһƧĵطԺĳôศʱˮѾ¶ļʹԼ廷ôҲҪЩϹʱǿĸıԼοԼѾ޹εˮԿ϶öʱգԼһҪǿͨˣ
ʱɫѾȫмֲͻݵķҷ̫͵ĹâյĽã˵鶼ã
ˮڽеһһ󣬴ѧǿʵǿǿǿһ̶Ⱥûʲô
ǿϰ˵ĸͻˮеǿϹ磬ʱԺԺħ񶷣ǿеĸռвɺԵĵλ˵ǿģ
Ϲǿһֹϵǿ壬ԺеǸͼһԼ塢øȴļӲԼǿ
ǿǿ
ˮǿһٴοһ飬ˮȷԼĹĿӦúԺͼǷֲģ
ҸĵطôվţȫϹǿҪֻҪܾ
ˮʼŰһ˿оǹˮ٣յĹһɵģȻ綼Ǹˣ
ôһУȻо˵УˮȻֲиһУһָо
ģˮľˣѾ֪жٱˣǸо˵
ٹһʱˮ΢΢ۣѾˣˮ֪ҪȥˣȻҪԼˣʲôҲûȾܣҲĻεˣֻ֪վһȻû˿оۣ
ã磬·ѵʱȺ׳ġСϻеľʯ轣
һˮٸоʱôˣ
ˮôֳȥˣڼҺúߵԺʱպ⹫ޣͷĵĵĿˮ˵е𱸵˵
⹫Ҿſڸߣģûµģˮ֪⹫ǺԼģˮԸܵ
ţԼע㣬ȥֺôһϲΣҸ£޴ȰĿˮ˵
ˮĴϻ˶Ŀã˵оͬϲϣϧϰ䣡Ҳ̲ס̾


5 ˮҪϰ
ӺƽˮȻÿ춼ϰϹǿȻûĸоˮȴԼɹģ
ԺеͼתȴֲϵĴԼȫˮоԼԽԽãֶĸоڹڸеǿ
ˮǺȴгһֻ˫ɫƯ۾ԽԽƯһ䣡
ˮ֪ԼҲ˵Լȫˣ֪Լû£Ȼʼϰ䣬ˮģΪһĨеϣͿԼеۣˮף¾Ϊĵ㣡
һδɽϻߵң䳡ϵѵȻҵĽ׳ںٹĶԼϰ
ھԶԲû˿ʲô˵Դˮȷ似ҲüˣھǿҲеȣ
Ժ
޳վԺ䣬ºˮסԺ䣬ˮ˼ҵĸоСԺ󵫻ȫм仹иССˮԿһȺɫһˮдϷһ㣡
վڳߣԼʺվ·һͼֻǴʱվȴôį
ˮԶԶſڿףѾ֪ǵڶٴΣԼȴǺް취Լ֪ҪʲôΪԼͱСͬԼҲһʱΪԼ޷˵Ȼľ˵һЩܺΣȻˮ֪Ĳȫȴ֪ҪԸԼȱǸǿߣ
ˮ˼װܻһܱߺһˣҺˣҺˣ
ˮһˮͽŲµɫ˲任ɺͰ΢Ц·ʲôûУ
ˮһۣ׺ܿ࣬ΪԼģԼǰԶʱôģֻʱŻ¶εһ棡
ףˣûˣˮһĵ˵ţ
ˮĿеһ˿ϲɫ
ǲЩˣˮֻúõģе𱸵˵ˮˮѺõģϾ
ˮ֪Լײôţеһ˿ϲɫҲΪԼĿģ
ģ⹫ǰҺ˺öϲ⹫˵ǰٶϲΣģˮȻĵ˵СҪСӵӣ
ʱ¸оҲʱģľȵʵˮúø˵ǲ˵
ǰ⹫ҵϲ󣬷ǰĸоûˣҸоҾܣ˵ܵģһᷢû£һ˾ܵԽԽ죬һ¶ûˣˮ˵
ģˮ˵ģ΢΢ʪ
⹫Ҳ֪ˣŹҵоҲǺˣȷҽʦˣһȥˮקסµ˵
ãǹȥ¿ĵˮС֣ĵļֻԼѹƣȻˮܵһǿĵģʱܿģˮ֪ԺҲῪĵģΪԼԼԺһԶģ
үӣϲ㣬ˮүܺãͨ˻ãҲǺܺã̫˼ˣҽʦĵ˵
ҽʦ̶̵ļ仰ȴ˲ˮ䣬ıסˮһˮȴĺܿģ
ףޣˮΪ²ϵˮ
ͳҽʦޣϱ͹Ź֣
ˮҲۣϾʱԼ۵ŮĺӣúˣһСҪǿӽŮ᲻ģˮôҪָȣѽ
⹫Ҫϰ䣡ˮ򵥵ļ֣ȴ޺¶һ£


6 
޺¶һ
޼ȸȴֿɬעˮϰҲƽĶȹһϰ佫ɾ֪ͣҴǸǻ
ȣȴҸӶ࣬ˣԵ޹ʵεԼҲԷģȻˮҪǿܻܿ
ҪǡˮûбؼңԼϰ䣬һԼȥģ
ˮҲ˽һЩ֪޺µ룡Ȼֻ˽һ֣Ѿ㹻ˣ
ĺһȻµͷˮԴ뿪ˣ
ף⹫ϲ䰡ˮװʵʵ
У⹫ѧ˽߳ȥҪ˱ȶˣº͵ЦˮԴ
ף㿪ʼɣھѧˮе˵ϾϹǿûϰɣںܴĳ̶ϹǿֻΪʹãϱǿ似տʼѧˮҲϣѧϰЩÿ似
ãˮȸ˵ϰһЩҪĶ¿ĵˮ˵
ţ
µ鷿󣬺ܼªȴǺؽ࣬һɵĹǺţ
ˮϰǺܿģ²£ˮ£ԼҲԱߣ
£ףܶҶܳԣ
ˮĵЦˣԼӵԺֱһģһֻ뵽һȻ
ˮϰأй似ɣǻֻн似ܷ
ףǲǺñˮ˵
ˮһԼӻʴϻۣ
Ҳô˵˵䲻ͷһգ
ǲҪˮôʱ䵱Ȼ֪Ҷϰ
ţҲҵҲǴ洫һǹ似ĽϹҪ֪˵ǹܷĶ࣬һֺܺõĹ
ǲǺˮգƯ۾ʵ
ܾ̾ǰҵڽ֣Ϊʱֻ֣ǺԽԽû䣬ڸҸСɽ壡
ףʲôְ
ÿһʵͻһ令ɹɷߵǸŶ
ףˮʵ
е㲻˼˵ֻ䣡
⹫أˮµʵ
⹫䣬Ҳ۷ˣҲʵ׶ε۷ˣƽ͵˵ţ
ףôֵأеʲô׶أ
ÿ׶ζʮ㣬ʿ׶εʮ㲻֣佫׶εʮҲֱ֡˧߲һ䣬˲䣬ʮ䣡
ôԳ־Ŷ䣿
Ŷգ˫ںںÿ۾ϣԼ¸пӺܴȴܸ
ĸЩʧˣֻʣºĲ֣˵ЩʧˣҪȻ⹫Ѿ쾳磡
ڽĻվˮԼ
ҵĵң
¸ˮ澭ˮϹǿʱ֪½֮һ˵һˮͼסϹǿĵط·éٿ
ʱ
³ˮȴ뾲״̬
뾲䣬Ϣϵһȱٵ״̬Ķôѧ·ǲߵĺԶġ
ˮôһξ뾲ϲѣˮȻ츳ˣ
ˮת˵·תһһʱϹǿһ뵽һľ磬Ʈһ
ͻȻˮһ˿緢˿һ¸תľУʱһ
ģ˿תһص¸
ˮĵۣϹĵЦݣ
ԼһᱻŰɣ


7 ϴ跥
ˮˬûиоҪڴںˮĸоһ˫ˬ
߳ң
ףˮĵĽе
¿ˮһ뾲Ȼﵽʱûȵӿлˮһһʱס
ףˣϸͷ˿
һ֪ԼҲЩ죬ɼǺܼģ
ˮ֣ее˵
ˮԹԵС֣Ҳһֻ޳ֽסˮС֣
ˮĹת
һᣬ¿ĵİ±𣬸СϺݺݵڣ
ӣǸŶ¿ĵĶе㡰κˣȻֻˮǰ
ˮôģҲůһƬȻƽʱ¿ҲǺܿģǹŵ΢Цˮ֪ĸײ֣ˮ֪ĸ׺ܿģ
ȥǼСóԵģˮԴ谮˵
ȥˣˮеЦãԼǰڱ²ССȴֻа꣬һҪ˵꺢˵Ļ˿佱꺢ӵĿ佱ʽ
ˮоֻҪ޹أˮֻҪԼ׵Ůӿ֣
ҲõԵʣ±һЩˮҲǣ֪ΪԵʻɵԵʣ
ףҳȥתתҾȥһˮ·գǺÿ۾Ц˵
ˮֻҪǰŻ¶һЦݣ
ÿοˮǺÿͻһ£ܿͻָ
ˮ߳ҴţٴԼĸνˮɽεʱֵⷢһεСɽ⼸Ϲǿɽ
ɽСҲһ䷿ӴСˮһνȥҵʲôؼͱأȻһͭҲûУȴڽ˷һСֻĴָСԲ壬ƾɲˮҪɿǵͼͼ˿΢ȣ
ˮ뵽ԼԺеͼ¹Լϣ·У
ÿ춼ÿζһϹǿ뿪Ҳ⣬ٴϰһˮûԼԺѧ
ϹǿȻûνҲûγ
ǵֺСһ״
ϥ£ˮٴתϹǿȴˮȵǣ˿Ϲǿ·У
ˮеţ
һξˮûзֲʣԼио˿ڱǿ΢׳һ㣡
ѵϹǿ𣬿ΪʲôҲԼĲأ
Ϲǿ־أ죬ǽܻ޳Լϡеܽᵤ
ˣţ
ˮȻСĵת۾ûзֵϹǿǰʱǸ徹Ȼ΢ȵĹ⣬΢ȴǼȹӵĹâô𺳣ҫ۵ȴĶǰȻʧɫ
һˮδֻǵϹǿһˮ˿ȴֶһɵɫ·Ƶϸߣ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱΪһ΢΢оתɢˮ˵ǿ
ԭϹǿҪĹӣֲԼǰʱҲˮϵĿģ
ǵɫǸɫӦþϹǿˣ
޳ˣֻҪϹǿԺͼԼǿȺӦûﵽһ˵ĳ̶ȣʱƾܳΪһְɣ
ԼܷɣһҪ޵ĸ˵ֻ֣뵽涪ʧĲ־ͲˮоԼĸ֮Ǻ벿еĸо
ˣԼҪϹǿûϣҲֻΪ˶Ŀ
ˣ޳ϹǿȻֻţô˵ҲǸõĿʼҪôˣ˵ģҪøԶҪ̤ʵأ
ˮֱչŷֻһɫ֬һĶƤϣɢŵζ
ϴ跥


8 
ڶ쿪ʼˮѾҵĵһϰ䣬ˮ룬ٴξ䳡ҵǾĻӻԼˮתԺһҪϰ䣬ڶҪμ䳡ÿҪѵල̵ຣҲ໢ĸף
ʿ佫˧𶼷ʮ㣬汾Ҳǵͽסнס߽ʵڴ½ʮ㣬ֻҪϰ֮˶ͣʿһҪ󣬻ϰ˶ظΪʿȻһʿ
ˮֻǿĵͽһ㣬˱Ƚˮһȴĺĵһ
ˮϲڿԴԸ໢С˵
ˮЦЦһҵ䳡֪һˮª䳡ƽ̹ĵһʯɣȵһңͷͤһĶ
뺷֮˸ǲη绹ѩϰͷȴ£
ϰڸԵĵңÿϰӵܲǼģһң
䳡ϰȭ似ĵط
䲻֧ϰ似ֻҪȽھãϾ似ǿҲҪھֲ֧ܷǿϰ似ɢ
䳡ֻϰǿ򵥵չǵȭǵЭͣϰ似ﵽʿ㣡
ֻгӺԿϰ似ʣµĶûȨˣ似ÿ˶ֻе˧߲ŻֻʱſԽй
ңʵﵽʿͲ䳡ϰˣˮ￴Ӻ֮Ƶԡ
ˮ໢ھһʯ¶ٽˮǰԵ໢еľţ໢ھˮǷǰһԵͷ
ˮϾѾǸˣʲôˣοȺСëǰӲеˣ
Լ䣬ǰܾʮﶼܴĺͯˣ
ˮҵ䳡СʮʯȻԼ䶼оСԴϹǿܴ󣬺òԼϸСĸ첲ȥʱǸеЩ
ץסʯȻóʹһᣡ
ͯЦ
Ϊˮһȴ͵ڵأ
˿ˮȴǻϲ쳣ΪˮоԼǸʮʯʱûиܵʲô͵
СȴΪˮһʮʯ᲻Ȼˤ
ЦʲôǵģһӢ֮Ŀݵʮǳһ䣬˶ˣ
໢æܵˮߣ
û°ɣտʼȲҪϰЩ໢е˵
ˮе໢ϵĹģеܿģղ˵ĳЦˮ·δһ㣡
û£лл໢
ǸеӢ
ˮû°ɣտʼܲһЩȭչ½ǣ
û£ллˮЦЦˮ֪гӺǿһѾʿ۷壬ƽʱˮҲˮϵЦЦ
Ҳº͵ЦЦˮСһ뿪ˣ
䳡ŮŮĺͯˮʮֻ໢һŮޣҵͦƽĸޣ
໢౴ΨһŮޣСֻ꣬Һܳ谮¶ǶɰСֶŮ۰ԼŮһ
ˮСĵ㣬ҪùҪˣ౴գŴ۾ĵ˵ţ
ˮСѾͷĵͷⲻ֪ԼҲŰ꣬ҲǸС㣡
ǰһεľ飬ˮڶΣĽʯץ𣬸оᣬԼصһһȥץʮĶʡ
Żʮٽһٰʮ
ˮѾղ໢ĵط䳡˰ڶһ˼Ŀ⿴ˮຣѾ뿪ȻҲܳԾɣ
ˮеĽǶٽʯʱһ죬䳡ܰ
ˮк˷ܣΪھٵһٰʮʱˮееģʱϹǿԶתȻǳ˷ܼһ׾ٵľ
һٽʱˮñ˿ԼǹҲΪԼ鷳װӣ
ˮȻôҿǿ𣬶ֻܾ໢ĵ˵ûʲôʷܿġ
ˮЦЦѾǼˣ
ѵʱ䵽һ뿪໢ˮ뿪ģˮ˵Ҫһᣬ໢뿪ˣ
ˮû˺ȴһʯҲʿ۷Ծٵİ˰ٽĴʯ


9 
ʱһһȥԴϴǿ˰ٽʯˮ֪Լһĵ·Ϲǿǿ壬ʶͼʱڵĴԼĹʶͼˮľҲӴޱȣ
һʱ䣬ԼȻȥôȴûмּᣬȳ֮ˮ֪ԼϹǿͼĹͣһʱԼԾǧʯֻһж˽£˲ûзʲô
һʱ䣬ˮʿ㣬ˮϰ䲻ֻͣĳƺţд󲿷ֶѿԺˮƽദҲ⵽ЦȻˮ¶ԷЦҲӲϣϾˮǸˣ
ЩСദǸоһСӵԣԼٴθһѳ֮ģˮȻһȺСӼƽϣ
ںͳӺԻûʲôϾһֻ˲òμӼѵϰǾ棬ʮߺ¶Ϣǳȣ½ʮǳ꣬Ҳǰͻʿʿ㣬Ҫһ׶ΣԺҲ⼯ѵˣ
Ϊͻƣ廻⽫ȫҾۼһԷϾҲǸϲ£һͻƵͲᱻˣʮǸٽ㣬ʮǾ˵һֻܴﵽ˧˲㣬̤Ų˵ʮˣ
ڲʮĻʮ̤Ų㣬ȻǺŬǰ£ʮҲҪСԵˣ
õԣӴ֮ҲӵٮٮߣʣµĻûзʲôʹߣ౴СѾͷʲֻǸŮޣҪ֪ŮҪƺܶ࣬ҩĸ
糿ˮһԷԴˮָԺˮԸоЦݶ˸ԼˮŮԼ׵ˣǶԼ΢۰ףԼ֪п࣬ɫݹ
ˮ֪ԼԣֻԼ̫СûԼҪ¾ģһҪ׿֣ԸҲҪ
ˮһˣ극ҪسҪһҩģڼҪúҪЩѪȡģ³ˮԴԼϻ۵Ķһ޹ؽҪ鶼
ˮͷ¶ᣬ֪ԼҪץֻԺܰףղ˵ǹҩģĹ뵽Լҩֻǿϧڵʵ޷գ
ȥʶ£Լȥ˲ﲻæ׷ģֻܵͷ
ףʲô鶼ҪСģԼҪǮãҪ֪㻹жӣȶӼ꣬һ׳ΪҸˣˮ֮˵Ϊ˸ӡܶԼʲôʱΪأʲô黹жӣȻڻСվ᳤
ˮҲһǰ֪ǸҵУһ֪׺Щ׵ʵԶʤңĴ붼ռȥʣµǺܿʹܣҲҲȱģȻвǺ²òͷ
ԼҩͿһЩܺõĵҩС񡢽ҩЫˡ˵еķӺ;ת굤ĻŮˡǮơȨʵ׺ܶ࣡ˮڴһ죡
ˣ¿˵ҵĲҵһϵ붼ǿ¸ҩУҳ»һЩְæȻҲʱסʮµģ
ˮһתϹǿһǹη껹ѩ׷ףˮ˿ûмϹȻҶһǵҪȴÿ컹Ź̶ʱ䣬ʱ䶼֧䣡
ˮȻŰ˾굫ѾǸˣʵ֪ҪԣԼСʲôԼȫʱ䶼ϣ
ڵȷ˿Ҳֶ٣һһļˮѾǵڶ㣬Ϲǿֻ֣Ҫһžһϴһž͵õϴ跥ĺôˮǳϴ跥ɲ˭ԳԵġ
һĿҲֻǴﵽһ۷壬಻ͻƣ
һ֪⻹ϹǿǸԵԵʣˮȻͬʱϹǿĹˮϲѣʡȥһʱ䣡
ˮԼĵмһһţǷˮоҪͻƣоҪͻǵ谭ĹؿڣÿζǸо㣬ˮͷϲϸϸ飡
һҪͻƣ¾Ϊ۰ԼףҲ䣬ҪǿҲҪҪվĶˡ
֪˶ʱ䣬ס
ƿӵӱγˮǵˬ˲䲼ȫȫʮѨëһˬ
ֻз˿ϸĻɫͻƵë֣߰ǳɼʮ
ʮ죬оըǷ賤ܶ࣬Զһֻ߶ȽſһΧʮֻκη紵ݶ
ĿˮСЦĺܿģֻһԺ·ֶһЩʶȥһʱϲ֣
ˮ̾ʱһʮ쵽ʮ죬ʲôʱܵһأʮأ


10 ȭ
ˮǰ֮
컹˫ϲţþõòͻƵϹǿڽͻˣԼʵõͻͽҾȻڿˮ֪ʱǺܿµģһ֣νǹ׶㰵ѷѰĹ˿ѷɫ
ܿɹǰ䲻⣬һǿҶɻɱ˵ʯӺˣһʲôԵɰʹõģ֮
ϹǿͻƶˮףϹǿǻֻнϹǿľľΪֻ;㹻ǿоȥѧϰĶ
ų壬ˮ˵ǸʮˣϾǰֻǸѧһ޸֮ûʲôȻֻǸӣһǰܾ˰ٽʯһͻǰܾǧľʯ
ͻƺǸоǰǧ֮ôСŵǽǵһʯͷһȭȻǲǺܴʯȥ

ʯ׷׵ļ俪ˮһȭоö࣬ǶԼһȭ൱⣬һȭѾ
뵽ԺеİȫѨַյȻһϰ˫ȭȭ
ù֣ˮֺ󣬴δ
ȭֻһУȴһġĻˣ¾˵ǧ򻯣仯Խ˵ֱԽҪ׼Ҫַ
뵽ǰʷĳ֣һֻɵ־ͿӢ۽Ծɼǿޱȵģ
ˮֲڵĽʮȭģĴڱ仯һ䶼ûأ
Ӵһ󹾹ѾˣȻȻڵҴ˿ˣʮȭֻԸƤëһ糿ʱ䣡
ϴܻ泩ˮҵĳԵ㶫߳䣡
ģԼȻûϾɵĺһЩʮĺȥɣˮƵԴ
Ϊˮͬ˵ĽӴֲڴǰֵ̫ۣ˵˸ϻ۵ڱȴ˸ȺĹ°Ȼ˵ϾеУˮĶںģһͣ໢Ҳʿ𣬱ϾģϾģֻҪ궼˵ԼһʿɼˮǶ
ˣЩʲôֻҪԼ׼Լĵ·֮ԺȥһԼȸ֪֮־·ǺԶҲܼ࣡
ˮ
ˮ˽Լ׿ຣ
ľˣ
ôûȥѵǲ岻ຣеʵ
Ŷû£ľˣˣ˯ˣ´λעģˮͷ˼Ц˵
û¾ͺãע壬һ۵ģһڳԲ˸ຣˮһķ˰ŬУԴһǰòȥôĮˣü˿Ĳ٣ǰˮ˭ҲģȻ£
֪ľˣ
ຣˮ߳Ҵţ·Уˮ˫Ҳǰȭʽİڶţ
ϹǿѾıǿˮһЩڳ޷ĶɵһĶãµĲԼĺԼڵʽȻıǢ
һˮһǿ壬ĿǰΪֹûѧκ似˽ҲֻһһǲСرϹǿǿ쳬ĹˮϹǿǿأˮ֪似ҲͬҪɱ似Ҳս
ˮַ˸оԽԽۻңˮԽԽоǰһַһֻҪַö࣡ӽ̴
ϰϹǿԭ򣬻ںЩ似ʶУˮѾȫѨָƣҸ֪ЩѨã֪ЩҲ㣡
ȭȻΪȭӦǿ˵İɣȭҲһְɣˮ˼ţ
Щʽ˿ϰ˫˫۵⣬һһԷѨԼؽڡȴطΪȭˮĵķ·´½һ㣡
ˮȭ˼벻ϱ仯Ѿﵽһֲ˼ĵزʱˮȴǱ۾ͬʱɿתţ˼ŻǸѨסı仯غͱΪȥǸѨ
ͻȻˮͣһֿ״̬

ʶ˿һᾪȵĵ°ͣ־ǿģʮһ򣬷Ҹ˵һοسɷ𣬿ɼǶôѵãͬʱҲĻ
ˮɲ֪ĻֻȻĽϹǿתԼȭʩչȴôɣ
ˮǶľɫѾˣ·һһ㵫ȴôһ
ˮѸֽӡһĴһģһַ׼ȷˮֵľ
Ƕ鶼


11 ԰
һζˮʵ츲صı仯Ҳ΢΢仯һһֶδģ
մӶϲóûע⵽һȳĺһʼסȫŷ֮ˮ֪Ϲǿ׾ϴЧΪˮͻƵһϹǿʱҲǳôһɫʣۿԲ뵽ԼôСôණ
ͻϹǿʱȴûϴ跥û뵽һζȻٴϴ跥ɼĿɹ󣬼ֱ죬ҡ
̾Щ޹ؽҪĸпһ߿ٵɽСϪȥ˵СϪʵҲһС
ˣ
ϴȥһĺɫ۹󣬿һļе׻еϸ壬ʮĺׯɽˮĵطҲΪֻˮȳƲС׳ʵ
·ϴȥڰߵʯͷϣܹܲƨɻȥɣ뵽ϴξθᳵ·뵽ǰС˵˴ԽռָǬǮ书ŮԼɽһĵطʮ֪꣬ûЩռ˵ƫƧԼҲ֪߹ĵطܶ࣬⹫ǵҲǸּģûЩ˵ûУ
ǮˮûУɽׯһָĴңһЩǮƾ͹ãΪ˼ҼԼֵԸ㣬ϾʱɽԣȻɽıԵϾͨ˻ǲҽȥɽΪݴɽ͵Ұǿޣ
Ůˮ죬Ȼ󿴿ԼС壬Ѿﵽ׼ͷСֻ̾ϢһǰֻǸûϴŮѶˣ
û뵽Ҫǰ׵簮ƻѰ̼ɣϾΪˮǴ½Ĵ
ãû뵽ԼǰϷıԼˣܵͻƵ۷Ϲǿôǿ󣬻òر̤ʵ
رǶˮˮɵĽȭֽ׶ηӵ£뵽ˮͻ᲻ԾۻҵӡȴôľûζĻǿԴô߶ȵȭҲԼ۾
ջ˫֣Ѿɵ·ССгȫѾǰ磬΢棬Ȼյֻȣ
޵ĵɽҲⲻԶҰΧȻϣ˵ɽȴǲߣббȥҲͲף
վɽԿԶũ͵ׯһ޼ʣׯԲҲˮɸ̫̾ˣһׯôǾ֮İʲô龰ء
ɽϵľߴߴȺϴžɽͬʱҲˮоƯϰĺõط
ּϵʯӣͬʱ۾ƽʱϰȭַͰõļɡ
һյʱȥˣˮһţҲǱϸţ
һֻɫСˮĽű߱ıתתȥֱˮ
һֻɫӥĴչ˫״СԶӥ磡
ʱˮСߴߴʼԶߣˮʱ˫ÿ˫ͬʱζһʯವļжݵ
ۣ
ûüͱʯӹԶ
ˮ
ԭģˮԶ䵽ɽµĴȥ
ˮϵ棬ҲׯǰȥԵľ֣ΪľֵıԵľɫľ˶ͨΣյشľ֣
ׯ˳ǳȺǰȥԷʵ߼ǲɽ£ʹ߼ʵҲԵǰȥľ֣
ҾȥǸȥĴ̾ˮԼ˸ΧĻ
ûзֿȥ
ɽɽѣ棬֪ΪȻɽ¶ȺСͨľֵɽ¼Ҫɴֱˣ
ôǺܸߣˮԼҲǼţľֻûʲôޣϾǿׯıԵش
ԳһˮСĵĻȥ
ֲɽɽѣˮ֪仰ֻײȴ˰ʱǴҲһӵʱѣ
ľɽŵľаңˮԿǴľֵıԵûзʲô֧֮ȥĴȥ


12 ɫ
ɽ촵ûշҲûжеĿĸоǰһǸϵȵĶȼ
ˮȻ˽⣬˵ĶȴǺܶ飬ѾΣյĴڣˮȻûзʲôСǰȴһĪϣϣܱĳҰԼоڵĿ񱩵õй
ѾĲˣԴʯӹᴩˮԼл߬ʯӣÿŶмС
ԼĽ˴Ĵˮ֪ʲô񣬺Լʶӥȴӥ˺ܶ࣬ȴԼʯӴ£пѣԼǼǰķĻƻᱻߣ
ԴڶԼʵˮھˣδҲǳϣ·𿴵ԺҸѾõ
ͻȻˮо·𱻶һ㣬ֱӵĸоҪ֪ͻƶﵽ۷ϹǿˮʶǳˮȻ֪Լĵﵫȷŷ;룡
ʮ׵һ˴ֵľ棡ˮԸܵģʲô˶Ͳˣ
ˮһ˫ְȭʶסǿľˮҶ֪Ұ޵Ļʮ׵ľת˲ƾֻԼеöʯӺȭˮϣĻϣƾöʯӾ֪ܽΪʲôˮܸоöԸ
ʱʧˮеʯͷѾˮʪˮ֪ȥһһᱻԷ͵Ϯ֣
Ϧ£ּ°߰ߴӰˮ־Կ¶һӰӣһֻͷӰӣͷֻе
ˮԲ²Լµûֻǲôƻ͵Ϯĸ֣
ȫˮҪԷ
ݣ
ˮһʯӣֵһţǵͷӰӣ
žһ
ʱһ޴ӰӴ˶
ˮȻѾ׼Ǳǰľ޴ļһһһֻɫľǣ峤׶࣬вף޴ȴǽý쳣һʮļ⿴Ե֮
˫׹¶˫ŽһһһԾˮ
ǣҲ̫˰ɣһͷˮţҪ׳Ҫ󣬵Ȼͣǰ԰ϻʨӺȹƲǴ׳޴һצ֮ɣ
ˮȻܺ£ϾһȻ֪ԼҲǺܴ󣬵ǰֻٽ֮ϣǿµٶȺˮͺ£
ֽսеʯӣˮ֪Ҳʯӻ䲻ðɣ
һ˲ˮ뵽ܶ࣬ˮ⹫ס˾ǵϰ似д裬Ȼûк˽ֵҲǿˮ֪ܻţȭѸٳֵֵȥ
ˮȭѾﵽĵزҲͺӲҲҪǵΣ
أ
ˮȭѸٵھǵǰ׳Ĵ£мһϣ˫е㷢飡
ǣͷͭβһ̣ˮ֪ͷģԷǱˮţѷɫ֫ˮ֪˵Բʺǣ
޴Ľͣºٴδˮ׼Եľӥֻû뵽һССȻһΣյĸо͵Ϯ
νֺˮоȻտʼƽȸԾķһĸо
˫ֵȭͷսȴûϹǿˮоԼϵտʼҵһˮʵˮԼж󣬾ޱϾһСľͻɥ
Ҳˮս⳹׼ŭ˾ǣͷһХǺµƣ⺿ˮֱܵ⣬ֻɫǵȴǿ׳·Ҳһߣ
໣
һĽɫٴˮӴ̩ɽѹ֮ϮǾ޴ͷҲſѪˮͷ­ҧȥ
һ̣ˮƽԽԽĽɫǣͻȻȫ˲ֱѸٵĻ
ݣ
ǿʯŽɫǵĴȥݵôĴ̶
ڻʯӵ˲䣬ˮ˷˫ֽһڿյľ£
꣡
໣
һŲҽд
ˮһƻͬʱ˿ǺѪľǺһŵĺȣֵĿˮ
ˮҲƺܲƽղҲ̫ðˣҪʯӴЧ䲻ȫʶ̶Էһȣ
ԽƻˣˮҲҴ⣬СĵĶŶĽɫǣȫѾʪ͸Ǹ߶־ƣ
ʱѾԼ˵ľǣˮһиоȫһԺվЩҡΣ


13 
ˮоһͷʱǰɢһ˿ѸٵĴȫЩصˮоú¶һ
ˬĸоûֹͣȻǸо֫ȴǻ֮ˮˬҪ˯ȥʱֵ鷢ˣ
۷Ϲǿһ̾Ȼƽ쳣ͻˣһ˿˿ȫѸٵĹ;˿ëߵҲӴһ֣ˮо·ҲһЩоʵһЩ
ҲĻָҸܳ۷ֱܶ࣬ǲͬնˮ֪Ϲǿһ죬ÿһ׶ΣѾ죬ֻҪԽ쵽һµľ磬֪սˮȴˣ
Ϲǿһߣˮ泩ޱȣֲҪμʵսȻΣյջȴǾ޴ޱȣ
ŶСĽɫǣˮ֪ǽҸоɫҪܣ
Ī׷ˮоҪлֻǲȻ˭֪ʲôʱͻƵ죬һ¾͵ţҲ㣬ҷ־ϹǿͬﲻͬˮҲ˵ˮиϹǿǲһ
ҪˮҲûйϣ⣡
ϹǿԽԽͻƵĲ㶼֪ҪʲôʱǾ˵ҲҪǰĪԼҪٴαгɷ
ˣԼϹǿȭͰţͻƵʲôµ似뵽ˮֱҩ֮
ͻƵ似ˮеĸо
ԼҪʲô㲻ҩ֮Ҳ֮ƣ֪²ͻƵ죬ʲôʱѧҩ֮Сӡþת굤
ϧˮ֮뾡ѧҩ֮Ϊҩܶ࣬һЩҩݣ¾һЩҩģˮ뾡ѧҩ֮һЩҩӿûеҩֻĻƾʹƺϣϾϹǿǿޱȣ죬ͬʱҲ̫࣡ɵҩҲ°빦
ɣܱʲôҲûкãֻھò̫ʺϣȻϵһĹϾ似ģˮ֪ԼеⱾϳеϳˣ
ˮ۾Ժʱڵһļɣ深ޱƵֵΣ似ɣĻˮò棡
Щⲻô죿ˮоӦöЩȻڻûп꣬ˮ֪Ӧûһ֣
ȻˮѸٿϱߵЩһļ⣬ں濴һܵĲⲽҲҪϹǿĸ
ֺףй
ˮӲںΪˮѾӰ֮ȭѧ̫ණˮѣ
ѧϰȴˮͷ۲ѣ֪ײеôѧ֮ΪĹϵһʱƽʱʮĿ
ѧϰȻҪѧŹŶݼһĶ̵棬Ȼѧϳ˹ȻЩӲһ㣬ҪҪܳʱ䣡
ͷԻˮ˦˦ͷ뿪ɲǿҰޣ˵εõ޴ôҲޱȣͷǻһȺأܶܲɣ
ףܶܲѧͰȫܶ࣡
иԭˮҪùΪҲһĲȭԷƽʱ
ˮɽʱϦѾ£µֻͣߵպͮͮģյĻʨӡӡ
ȣˮɽϿʼ˵һεĹϰ˵ҪŹŶݼ׵ȵĸտʼȴãһֻǿ죬쵽ޣ쵽ֻӰõŹŶݼ׵ЩΪ˸õܣΪһ߳ɴľҪŹŶݼף


14 Ƿ
ʱ׾Թ϶ʱһζʮˮѾΪһߵ꣬˫۾ȻƯȴеĮе㵭Ȼ·κζȤ
ˮٴιϷñӣֻǺǰһˮı仯ûɢһУΧĿûзϣϹǿѾﵽ۷壬ֻǰﵽ۷Ҳû˿Ҳͬͣ۷壡
ֻˮľٴܵصĿ飬ʱϱκ˶ŬȭѾﵽһĸ߶ȣѾСɣ˵߳ɴ絫ʩչҲǹӰ㣬ɹ˿أȭԿȭﵽһ˼ĸ߶ȣ
ңѾʿ߼ڣȴѾʿ߼۷壬Ҳʿڣʮʮļʿ弶໢Ҳʿ弶ǰڣֻˮȻͣʿ㣡ϰѵ͵ñӡ
ÿ쳿Уˮȴʵ͵һԺനˮһ꣬ڽȥ˶ʮʱͻƵ㣡
ʿҵķˮ룡ͲʮϣֻҪڲʮﵽҲʿôԺһ;ȫ֧㣡ЩҲԺҰȫıϺĿɽͳ룬ֻмǿ󣬺ͻ㲢õɷ־Խ࣬Ͼ˭һǿļϻ
ڹʮ껹޷ͻƵʿͻ׼⣬ֻϾʱ
˵ʲô壬ׯΧ壬˵ׯ⻹ׯ䣬ׯҪѷһһҲһҪƽļ壬ʱпܳΪ壬үܰٳ߸ͷһĻ
ˮѾʮˣһʱ䣬ֻҪһʮͻͻᱻȥ⣬ˮ֪ԼϹǿһˣʮ֮ǰͻǳ˵ΣˮɳȥѾΪϵĶ£
Ȼˮ⹫ˮǴӳҳ󣬲Ҽû뿪ׯطǰǸ˶ķҲһֱׯ¹ʮҲû˵ʲôϾ˭һϰķƽϣڲͬˣ֮ǰѾϴȥƺţȴʰǰͬ˶ԣԱɳȥŴһģ
ˮǰȥĸף˳ѧһЩвҩ֪ʶˮԼϣǺܴģΪûĸǸԸԱ˵ϹǿûͻƣԼİȭԼµ͹ĹǿԺһЩ˶һģ˵ʵˮҵӻûǿ׳ܽ£ˮϾС֪̫ͷǺ£
˲ôˣȥһ˵ûҵͻƵˮεĸ̾һ£
ˮ磡ˮ౴
౴ͳˮԺ䣬ʮ౴ѾеŮӣµС۾ƯտʼϾʮ˻꣬㹻ˣ
ҶСΨһŮӶǱĲˣ˲ôϵ౴۰ȴǷĵģ
Сˣˮ΢ЦĴк౴ҵһСţʮѾ۷壬ΨһҳƵ౴ǸŮӣʱҪ˵ģⲻΪ౴׵岻
ǰˮﵽ۷ܳʱһֱòͻƣԼоûлһʱʱͻƣԿ໢౴¾ͽȭֻǽڰǰʼġ
¹ʶ֪¿ΪʦҲˮо໢౴ϵãҲǺһۼֺһѵüϼ棬ԺനֻҪһҪǿϰҩѧϰ似ҵʿʱ򣬲ÿϵĶҪͳУ֮ҲҪд裬ֻʿµֻԹۿ
౴໢ˮϰȭѾаʱ䣬һˮ֪һζǶôļʱˣʱ䣬໢ֻ֪ʮѨ֮һܱҲ˫ۡǰغͷϣҲҪԷʵ
౴໢Ҫһ㣬ŮϸѨǶסˣؽҲסˣڽ໢٣
໢أˮûп໢ϾÿǶƻʱϰʱģûмϣ
ղűҵ̶ˣԲ౴˵еŭΣ


15 ̶
̶
ˮ̫İˮԺһͤͤޢ껪Ůһ˫Ĵ۾΢΢еС졣
һŮˮ֮ԼסΪͬĽţ˽֪ķϲģˮֻǲǰмһ棬ΪԷĴ׹رģû뵽ԷǸݵŮȻֻʮ굫ȴǽԵţҵĽ
ׯҲǴ󻧣Ӧǳļ壬˿رܵıƻҪãϾֱϵ˿ڲࡣ
ҲһֱȡҳΪׯػˣΪׯǲΪֻϣ
໢˵ĺ𣿡ˮüʵ
أ׵ģӶԶڷﲻ౴˵Цˣ뵽໢Ǳӡ
ЦΪʲôˮҲǸоЦ˻¶ˣ໢̶Ҳ
౴ֹסЦµС¶һЩ˼ˮеƣˮ֪ܿԭ
˵ϲ̶ˣ౴̾ˮо౴ôСѾͷܸ̾Ц½죬ʮǳˣʹȢӡ
Ϊıףˮ൱ơ
СӿǷŲСѾͷˮü
εֵ౴ơ
ˮ磬̶һ󣬺СѾͷúܹ֣Ƶġ౴ǵȻˮֹš
ԴˮԸͱˣϾǸˣȻʱСֱϹǿôԴС౴ʶˮǵȻţ౴Ŀ
ֱûôغˮҲͻˣˮʵֱ໢ϲ̶Ȼ໢ʮ꣬ʮѾ¶ЩӵѾ֪Ů֮֡
໢ȻСȴ׼ҲǼֵףʼ׷̶ŮҪ죬ϻ໢һ꣬໢һСƨֻǺ໢ʵξ¸ŵ
û֮ǰܴͼ޸໢
໢Ҳûô࣬ŮҲ򲻹ôȢԾʹӦˣҵʱֻʵⱻ˱ף
ǵһα̶ᣬҲһˮ̶֪֣ҵŮͬʱҲ໢֪Ȣ̶ѡ
ǰǰ飡
ˮʼ̵໢౴ȭˮоȭ̫ζ̴ֻ㵱ȻҪʱﵽһϾޱȵѨ㣬Ѩ
Ǹȥģˡ౴ε˵
ܲʿ弶ʿ߼ˮЦҡҡͷ
ˮ磬ǵȭܺãֻǸʵ̫ͣʿ߼ĻһӮġ౴е㿪е㲻ʡ
Ŷô˵ˮҲȤˣˮ֪½似ֺ졢졢˵񼶣ÿļ
˵Ǻ켶似ҵұ⽣ںؼ似ԼϹǿˮ治֪ʲôλ
ȭˮֻԸɫûкཻ֣˵໢ѧ˰ȭԸ̶ȻˮҲ֪оΪ౴˵лбʡ
տʼ̶ûаɸֻܿ˺͸ͬ弶ʵöԸû似弶ҪõָҲб˶Ҹ첲Щ
Ĺ֪໢жԷѨ
̶ôȸߺܶ˼бˣֻˣ
Ҳãĥĥ໢ӣҲ̶ܳΪ໢ΪǿߵĶǧ໢ȥȻأΪˮ֪ҺҲƽദģάֵʲôʱ߰꣬ꡣ
ˮĶͷţˮңΪˮĿܴһҶڲƽô߳ôݴ½ǿսôЩǧĴսЩǧҴ
ΪҪ˽׵ĶԹҪһǧҽ󣡣


16 ҩʦ
ΪҪ˽׵ĶԹҪһǧҽ󣡣
ˮ౴ȥ໢໢ûֻƤˣͻõģӵСׯԺʵµСԺһҴԺеСԺɽˮĵطʵõġ
ֻǺܼªҵĴ磬ֹݳޣֻľΣ̫ʦΣӵ໢ֻǲţң˿Լ͵
ˮȵ裡ຣȵкˮ
ĸ鷳ˮƯľĸˮоľĸƯˣ߸𣬶쵰ϸ壬οȻᣬˮʮ꣬Ѿǰ¶ͣǰˮѾʮͷŮˮ̸ϼʣĿǰĵŮˣˮֳ嶯
ĪԼô˵еأ
໢⺢е鷳ǧҪݽȥ޷԰ˣ̶ѾӳǳĶӣ˵ֻǸС檣֪໢̶һ鷳ģʵ˵ģ
ˮľ̾ϢҲǸое鷳໢ĸԺִţ׼ôҲɻͷ
ˮ뵽˵Ǹ壬ǸӴļ壬ٶڵԼ˵Ǹ߲ʣ
ľˣӳǣԶ𣿡ˮʵڴ½ⷽĶˮ֪١
ׯһǣΪǲ˿Сĳǣ˵ʵһģĸˮ˵ǷԲǧ֮ԽаҲׯйϵ
ׯ˵һ˵ˮоʵǰʱͽаǣҲʱֻзԲǾķչѾнյĹģɣ
¾ݣÿްʮһÿʮһǣ˿ݣϰСǣ˵ӳǻ˴أСĳǣ˵˿ӳǷԲʮǷټ߱ȱȽǣ˵Ĵڡ˵˫
죿⹫˵ǿޱȵ־𣿡
ԣ⹫˵Ǹ磬ͻ춼ǿߣݴ½ޣѱʦѱʦͨѱսģһǿѱʦ߸¡
˵˵ֳԶˣεЦЦЦԼ˵ͻȻ߶ˡ
ûУûУ֪ЩѱʦôѱޣʲôޣˮǺƽʱӦûľ֪ϸ׼ȷ
һҰ޲ޣһ㶼Ǵϵޣڽڵʵ൱ܳΪޡ˵һƬۣ޻߲μӹ޵ս
һûѱ޵ѱʦ㲻ѱʦֻгΪ޵Ұޣܱѱʦķ׭Լһ㣬Ǵ󿪣ǧϵ޺ͨ飬õ޺ѣΪѱʦҪ̫̱ʵǿޱȣҪЩɬѶѱ޷׭̫ʦϺȿڲ˵
ǰ͡ʿ佫˧Ǻ죬һǵ赲棬ˮ⹫˧ʮ㣬ȴǿ಻ͻơ
ʿһ𣬶佫ֻ˧ֻһ֮ңһҲͻһźһ
ںսȻֻǺսϾǺ۷սΪսյǳ׽Ǻ۷սѾ֣ݴ½дߣȫǺսֻЩҴ塢ɲŻսֻܵ;˵Ĵ˵սԼս
ֻ۷壬үӣѾ˧ʮ㣬ֻҪٳ߸ͷһܴﵽ죬Ԫܴӵ꣬죬һ֮ҲָСүѾǶΪû֡
ЩӸˮģʱˮ֪ԭ˶ĺôԪͻ˵ĲиŬ
ˮ֪Լʵ٣ֻܴǱԺӶʿ߼һ׶εġ
ͲߣֻдﵽʿߣӼʿ˵ͻָʮǰͻʿ
˵Ǻ似˵Ͳͻ죬ͻƵļʺСаٷ֮һļͻƵ죬ϾǺ켶似似Ҳϣͻ죬ֻǼʲ֮һЩ˷ûǰȥǲ֮һϣ
Ȼ࣬ѱʦҩʦҽʦ
ʦʦʦʦЩҲǲܵλҪһ㡣
νʮг״ԪȻ½ʢУҲҪԷʹҲˡ
ʲôְҵֻҪͻõǮŮءϵȶ֮
ҩʦҽʦرһҩʦҽʦƵֵʹԪһ뼸ͻ䵤
ɼҩʦҪԴ½ÿһҩʦֻһûʲôõĵҩҩʦλҲ쳣Ϊ˵ɵ
һжˮľȻмľĸҲ˵һЩˮرҩʦȤҲһԼҲҩʦҵ


17 
ˮȻرҩʦȤҲһԼҲҩʦҵ֪·ܼȻԼҲͬž޴ġ
ʮˣԼѾⷽԲɽʮ꣬Ҳȥ濴Լо۷ϹǿһѾϰͱ̬ǿԱӦûǿԵģˮ˼ţȥһսѾüûͻƵƿǺͻˡ
⼸ͻʱ𡣡ˮ⡣
Ϊʲô˴ԽŶпռָΪʲôԼûУ˶ԼȷʵȻˮԼǷǻ
ûпռָ㶫治㣬ãԼһµʲôʿ߼ٺ٣ͨЩĹ۲ȽϣӦһȭܽǴſûʮ²˴ɣ
һʮأɣȭϳˣʩչȭרԷѨؽڡطӦû²аɣ
ˮ뿪ľӵСԺ䣬߱뵽ԼѧĺܶණҲ겻ѣþ¼ҲСҲס
ܽҪߵƣˮĬĬĸԼ
ֻ۷ϹǿôҲͻƣˮΣʵܴļܡ
ףˮ㰡ˮͻȻ˺Լ
̧ͷӣΪ˺ǺȻˮҲû棬ÿζӺĺˮ˵
ӽʮ꣬òҲ뺷ˮվǰֻ߲ֻ࣬ǿеûô׳
Ӹ磬ôпճˡˮоܿе֣ΪЩﵽʿ¿ʱ䡣
ǺǣⲻǸոͻƣ𡣡ͷôһ㺩ӣˮе㻬ģо࣬Ͼ䣬ˮ͵˻Ǹо̸ġ
ͻˣϲӸ磡ˮĵ˵֪Լǰ˵ʲôͻˣǻһڳЦԼĿܣӲһΪǺͨ۲ˮ֪ǸֱӵĺˣŵǰǸʱʵȱۡ
ӺǺǵЦͷܿġ
ˮҲҪŬʲôܰģһġӺ˵ţҲǺϣϲͷˮС
һģ˵׼Ժұ㻻أ㲻᲻İɣˮЦ˵ʵҲЦˮ˲佫ǿ׳򵽡
ܵģ㳬һܿĵģԽԽģЦǺǵˮ
ΪʲôΪʲôῪġˮֻ֪Ҫ΢ļ壬ǺܼңֻǼҳܹʵǿģһʵǿľϣгһճΪ
β缦ͷ
ˮҲ֣ͻƾǼǿһǣӳΪĿǺܴģȴǲۣ۹ҲǿĺԶˮԿ϶⹫޵ľӵġ
ΪһˣһΪ죬ΪһܵίҲܷģϾֵ졣ӿĵ˵š
ˮкܲȷǺ˵뷨ޣ۹ˮǺܿġ
˱˵ȥ
Ӹ磬ȥ𣿡ˮʵ
ˮʻӲûоȣֺֻǺǵͷԶҲȥǣﷱԣ̫ˡ
Ӹ磬һȥ澫ʵ翴𣿡ˮƽʱŬȻֻаİǶûȥ붼оˣȻ罻ͨûǰķɻ֮ԶпϺõƥƥҲһʱܵ
үү˵ܾȴҲǺΣգûʵҲûʲô˼˵ûС档еã
ãпӶ绹ǺģǸŮǸ겻һճΪһǿߣδ½
һ죬һǵһƬءˮǱʾġ
ӾĿˮ
һӸоˮɲ⣬оԼǰ΢֣
ѵһ̤½壡


18 ɫŮ
ҡҡͷԼ뷨һôֲʵʵ뷨ϾˮܺͳһѾˡ
ˮɢȴΧϵӣӸоˮڲͬر˫Ư۾̫ĶɢмĮ˿˿
վׯɽϣ죬Ŀ⣬ˮŴȻãǰʹȼٴ塢ũֶûȻͨôԻһʮꡣ
վøֻ߲ǿԶվø߻һֺ
ֲ˶ϣӣԼȥ硣
ˮһЩ޹ؽҪ飬ֵ֮䱾̫Ϥ飬ȻⷽԲɽǴ壬Ҳֻ뿪ǵļҶܱȣҪүӴﵽ۷壬ǵЩῴһС塣
ϾļҲǴнǧļ壬ʮڵ˼ҿԱģԼĶȴռһλ
ˮ֮ȴԶĴŲŤ׿౴
Ӹ硢ˮ磬ˣүүǶȥ౴ܵеС죬
ˣʲôˣ΢ͷʵ
ˮоܹ죬ƽʱӿǱôаˮЦЦͷ
֪Լǰǵˡ౴գ˫ںˮĴ۾
ǣ
ˮֺϤǵһЩļˮ֪ڰǿģ¾Ǹǵҩ⡣
ˮСǻȥӺǰȥӰһл֮ˡ
ҵﲢǱôƺ񣡡ˮں˼ҲȻǸֿϸԸ£ο֮ﵽʿ㣬ûǻʱܵģֻһ
֮ڣڣڣӵ֮һˣȻˮǸ⣬ϾҴϷһ㣬⼸ǣۼ»ľ
˻صʱſͣżƥһȫûһɫף߽ףȫͨ׳ȴʧĽýҷأ쳣
ˮƥоⲻǼһ㣬ָߴսһʨҲһ֮
ˮׯƨҰȻǺܶ൥ȴ֪ǵԼԭҰҰȦţȶһߴ
ˮߴĿʱǾ̾ͣ̾ƥˣͷ­߸ΧļƥҲһĿȴǱѹƵġ
һֿȣ
ܿ㽡׳΢ϸ֮ƣһ°˵
Ӹ綮౴ϲ˵
ҡҡͷֻ˵оûƥ񿥡
˵ЦЦӴͷԺȥ
ˮǰǵáҰءأĵʱǧҷأԻʨΩɽ˻Ԧ֮ĺ塣֪ڡ
Ӧʨ
ˮӺ౴Ѿ߽ȥĴ
ӣǽƫƫҪ㡣ˮȥǻʨ
ˮԼһͷĸͷֻһ߶Զʱ⵽ʨһǣ񾯸벻м
Ҳ٣һڽƨˮ̲סһ䣬˿һᾪ֣ˮ˵໰
ҲֻˮһʱŻᱬֿڡ
ˮΪʨвˮмĸһӣŰ»ɽ֮צʨƨĨȥ
ˮ֪ƥĸˮľٶ׼ŭʨʨȻתȻǰڿն
׳н̧һ˻һ㣬׳ǰ֫ˮ̤
ףƢСˮƽѸ̤µǰס
ȻڿնԾӰýкгУ͸ղʨ̤ž˵ơ
ףȻҵĻʨһƽչŮѱʨˮߡ
ˮͷһʹԼ˫ʮŮӣһɫŮ׵òȴһʿװ͹µɢ˳嶯Į΢̵Ը촽ˮһƽ
ɣ˭Լϲ㣿Լʮͷʱˡ


19 üĿ续
ˮһʿװľɫŮӣ㣬һ˫ÿ۾ɢĹâ
ŮӿˮĿ⣬ÿüͷ϶ˮʲôΪˮ˫۾ܺÿʹɫԵĿҲ뵽Ŀ⡣
Ҳѹˮǰ˴ϷоǿĳĵӰֻǺźûüʵ͸ϴԽ
һۿŮӾ͸оޱȣرոüĿ续ֻɫеĮǰЩŮǺÿ
ãƥģҿɲ£ˮعȴ˵һôŮĻ
ˮһ˵һ߼ѹƿ±ʨȻŮѯʣȴû˿˼
ҵĻʨŮӿˮȻĮ˵Įռϻ챼ŵʿװ
ˮҲоЦԼ˵ԷͬⲻͬϣԷȻҲǳԿԷֱӿʣ֤Ҫ˵˲㡣
ˮʱȴǷ£΢ЦĿĸŮӣ͵ĵͷǰġ
ţŮһϾҲܣԼһܿԼġ
ˮʲôʱȴһͷһ˳
ͷȴֹϸߵͣһ֪ǸλߣҲһطͷ
굹ǺǸŮ£ź߾ˣһĽ޳гбӢֹһ֪ƽգΨһ˸о̫һţ岻˷ˮоܺЦΪ뵽ʨһԡ
ˮ΢ЦĳӦҪ뿪ˡ
ˮ첮޿ˮֿĵ˵
첮ã
Ѿͷĺӣо»Сӵģû뵽ĺӶôˣСӺܺá˾ͽº͵˵ţĻŸ
ˮҵ˾ͽʦװ
δޣ˾ͽüëЦЦĲ
ŶܺãֻǿϧˡˮϷҲˮһۿ˾ͽͲ˳ۣ˵ʦװδǵɪˮܲ
һۿʦװ͸оŮ޲ɷ˵еĮԺܶչһЦʤů
㡭˾ͽſڽ࣬ðĴ֮һ˾ͽү
ˮĿڳ˶ףҲˮǵһ˵ġȻҲôסˮĻҲˡ
˾ͽӺͶˮгмǿ϶Էһ軵Ĳ֪ߵغİСӣǰж档
ͷʦװˮʼʦװûκһĲֻŵĸŻʨ
ʨ񼫶ϲʦװܵı۾
ƥãɫ̫ˣԺǸĸ
ҳʱ˵ٴΣҪˣĿҪԶ㶼𣿡˾ͽ첻²ŭ˵紵ˮܸоڻҲܱ仰οƽ
˾ͽ΢΢ͷ
ˮֳ񡣡޿ˮ൱ºͣˮо⹫ԼΪ
˾ͽƾˮһ仰ͻˮԲ˶ߣǸ˭˾ͽүӡ
ʦװ
ˮţŮҲӦ԰ǵʦңʦͬҲǰǵĴңһǿģ˵ǵĳʦҡ
֣ҾͲԶˣԺ󵽰ǻȥ߶ֵġͣ½Ų˾ͽ
ֵܿˣﻰ˾ͽҾңֵܺα˿˾ͽ쿴˵
˾ͽ˾ͽʦװԼ뿪ˡ
Ϻ꣬ôȥˣ˼թ̾еε˵
⹫˾ͽ쿴ֶǣΪ˿Ҳˮ˵
С꣬װͿΪ⹫С̣Ҹо㵽˾ͽҪթ˵Цţܿġ
⹫ôթ
۶࣬Ҹо㿴˶׼ϧѧ츳ãȻѧһɾ͡ѾԼˮļƸпƿĵ˵
үүΪʲôֹңȻҷҪСӺÿҡڻȥ·˾ͽȻƽ
˾ͽ̾Լӣһ˿βסʧԼȻѧϵҲǿ⣬Ϊ˴̫ˣڰǣ˾ͽڵһͲκ˷֪棬Ƕ˾ͽ뿪ⷽԲǧʲôҲǡ


20 ҩĵȼ
˾ͽһ뿪޴ӡˮмȥˮ֪ǵΪʲôˮûʡ
һҴţˮͿºЦվԶԼˮһƬοԼĸ壡
ףˣˮܹȥס£֪ʲôʱʼˮѾ޳һˡ
ˮƯĸףȻ²ûʲôۼ뵽СʱΪԼϴ裬һһ֪ԵŮЩΪԼĸףԼ׵ˡ
Լ󲿷ʱ䶼ǱĸױţǻţԼѾˣԺ͸ԼΪ磬ΪԼĶӸе
ջţֳˣҪ׸ˣɴˡŤŤˮˮͷƺڱȱȸһۺЦϸĿ΢΢
Ưˣˮµĸ첲ԼСԺȥ
¿ˮðһ䲻ͷĻȴЦţΨһļУԼ¿ŶҲΪǣѧʲãԺѧгɾͣСʱϰ̫ˣѾĶˡ
Ҫ֪㣬Ҹ֮ףµЦһůģ
ˮһֱΪͻżϾ˵Ϲǿʮ쵽ʮ죬ˮ֪ƾԼΪ̫ˣڰǧ﷽ԲûԼĵλ
ҲҪǿǿʵԱͱˣˮÿ峺˫ۿĵĿĸԼʹκΪҲһί
ûͻĲ㲻ҪҪɥ׽⣬ӴҲġƽûвˮԼںϰ⣬𣬻ھλʹġ
Ӿʹ֣࣬˵ԼǸҲʵֲˣƽƽźγһҸ
ˮЦЦˮ֪˵ĲĲ㣡
ԼԼɲƽС˵ԼĸоǲǺܲӦãԼô˵˵ǸԼܿҪڶ˭Ҳ˵Ϊֻ鷳
ԼҪ֪Ҫ֪ˮŸô͡
ףΰǵ˾ͽ⹫ʲô°ˮȻ⹫ף⼸꼸ʲôҲһˮˮȷʵ֪˭ڼµʱͿ˵˵
ǵǸյֵļǧ֥̾еΡ
һǧ֥ˮһϾǰϰ˲֥ǺѺѣû뵽ǧҩ
ݴ½ˮ֪һҩ̣¾ׯҲԿһЩݵҩģʱĳԵ˵ĻԲժϵҩġ
Ǹǧϵҩĺȱ𣡡ˮºҲǺ۵ʵ
ģ˰ֻ꣬ҪûǧͨҩݣֻдﵽǧǧϲܳΪҩģҩĺͨȻֻһ֮ȴ֮ҩʦһЩΪԪҩʱҩǱزٵģһҲУ˵Ҳ뿪ˣ΢Цĸˮ˵Źҩĵ֪ʶ
ҩģͨҩģѵǰģôǧҩأˮҩҪʵϾĸ׿ҩģӦöĺܶǣȻҩĶ⡣
ҩĺ͵ҩǷֵȼģֱͨƷƷƷƷʥƷƷ
˵ûˮڽż˵ҩĳƷ⣬Ʒָۣͨǧ֮ڵҩݣ;ŰļֵǲܴǧǧΪƷǧΪƷǧΪƷǧΪƷǧΪʥƷֻд˵ҩĲƷ
ôҩĸȤˣЦſˮ»Ǻģƽ⣬ϻ쳣
ö˭ϲҲϲЩϵҩݰɣˮе٩Լ׺Ц˵
ʵǵõõҩҲûʲôã˽Ǯ߾ҩʦȡҩȻǵȼ۽ġᵽҩʦз·
ˮ֪ȥĵ飬ûʣ
ѵЩϵҩĲֱӷ𣿡ˮ֪ǰа˲ʲôģ


21 ǿܼ
ˮԴ΢Ц˵ͨҩֻҪ΢ӹͿֱӷãȻյҩҲֻʮ֮һ󲿷ֶҩʧų⣬ȻҲģʹͨҩֻҪݵľͲֱӷãϵҩֱӷûΣգ
ŶЩֱӷõҩǲİ취Էãˮ룬Ϊ뵽Ǹְҵ
ҩʦ
ֱӷõҩݾҪҩʦɵҩԳֵĵõúգ¿ӶҩʦȤ
ԭˣˮΪһҩݶֱӷã֮˷һ㣬Ͼҩĵҩһο϶յ꣬Դ󲿷ֶᱻų⣬û뵽ֻ˷Ѷѣᱬ
ףȻҩʦҲֵȼҵȼҩĵȼƥ䣬ôһ弶ͨҩʦһͨҩʦͨĵҩʲô𣡡ˮ룬ԼǷһ
ȼԽߵҩʦƷԽߣоͨҩʦǺƳҩƷģ˵ҩʦеĵȼɭϣ
ҩʦҩĵȼһֻϸ֣ÿƷʮҲǰƷʮ
ӸߵͷֱͨҩʦƷҩʦƷҩʦƷҩʦƷҩʦƷҩʦʥƷҩʦԼ˵еƷҩʦ
ȻλеһȼԽƷԽߣֻ಻һĶֻǲ֪ԼʲôʱѧϹʱڵҩ֪ƳЩҩʲôȼˮţҩԽԽ
ǰǵ˾ͽҪչǼҵҩģĪǼҩʦˮ˾ͽţ컹ʦװԿ˾ͽȴǳδޣĪǾΪ
¾ĿŶӣСϹ»֪ʲôЦſĵˮеҵͷ˵µˣ˾ͽ֮ܳΪԺյļΪ˾ͽĶг˸Ʒҩʦ
һƷҩʦţˮȵ˵
Ц˳ˮԴϲ᲻صһ£һ䣺ʲôвһƷҩʦΪҩʦܶձ֪ƷҩʦһֶֻĹȻ˾ͽҵǸ׵ֻһƷҩʦԺţ˵ԼҲˣ
ˮͷɵЦţ׸ͻܿġ
ˮҲֻǰŻӣɵСӡ
ҩʦô˾ͽôûȥǿĳǷչأôڰءˮû뵽һһƷҩȻڰǶһԺյţˡ
ˣ㲻֪ͷβ𡣡
ˮˣ
˵˰ǣԽǷĳﻹиǿҩʦ˾ͽҵﲢʲôϾֻǸһƷҩʦˮи磬ϧûʵ֪ܾʵҲΣգ
ţҩʦʵǿ󣬵Ȼ˵ЩܹƷƷϵҩҩʦΪǱǿߣ
µĻˮһ죿˵ĵһʵͿڰǺߣο˼һǸҩʦأְҵ֮һ
һҩʦôǱӰѾҩôԶôǿ󣿡ˮеƣҲˣϾǿְҵÿ˶׵Ƴϵĵҩ̸
ҩʦҪϸƳƷϵĵҩ߱ʵֻеԼ֮ƵҩѾˮߵԼҷ
˵ԴﵽﵽһµͨƷҩʦѵҲôѣǧ˿ھȻֻλƷҩʦ
ҩʦܷɧ𣡡ˮоҩʦһܷɧ
ҩʦҪҪʺϸ񣬱Ҫϻ쳣½ҽֲ͡ҩԼҩ䷽Щ﷦ζ鼮ʮ֮˾ŵֹȺ
ֻЩֻܳΪһͨҽʦΪ˿ץҩҪΪҩʦԶԶģȻõʦָѧҩҲֻǴﵽҲƷϵĵҩܳΪ
ŶԭˣףǸ½ҽֲҩǸҩ䷽Щ鼮ҵ𣿡


22 εĻ
ˮЩͨ鼮ָоģȴǱزٵģ˵ģЩҩʦĻ
Щ鼮ҵҡ󡯾УЩϡжƽռҲУ㿴ܼסپͼס٣ҲԺȥʲôҩݶɣºĿˮ˵
ˮҡ󡱾Уͨ˼еҲУˮ֪ЩرǡֲҩͨĶ
ˮ뵽ԺԼҪΪҩʦڻûͻƻûѧҩڿȿЩԼԺа鼮ϾԼ֪ҩ½ûУǲӳһ
ˮô뿴Щ鼮¿ˮźܴЩ飡
ǺǣҩģҲ˽һ㣬˵ýӻܳΪҩʦءˮͷƼٵЦ˵ţ
㣬ǼˮһдΪģһʱûʲôɴ߶ĥѣˮԴͰ˵ţƯˮܵĸΰ
ףҴ⼸ȥߣôûгȥȥᱻ˵ӵģˮ뵽Ҫȥᵽ׾ԻᵣģϾԼáʵǰŵġ
²ûбˮĻЦǺÿͷĲϵԼԼûдˮȥǰСǣԼʱˮһУʵǲĻܵܶġ
ֻ²֪¾ˮȻ̿ൽ˷ָĵزһֻΪˮ̫磬֪ΪĴ½ʵһУʵʲôʱһԽǷͻᵮҰ
ˮü֪ԼҲˮҪȥҪԼҸڣҸԼȥĺֲŵĽڡ
ףǲǵĶܵ۸ˮգգ۾Ϊ˰ջֻܲҪô࣬ˮ֪ĸ׶ĸ飬ӿɶͷ⡣
ˮҪʱ䣬æǱߵһȥòãҲǿɬһӪҪʽ𣬶ҿ˵ǵҩ̻ἫҪбȴ⣬ԥȲˮȥֲ붪⡣
ˮĸ׵Ϊ֮Ҳǹⲻȥ¸첲ˮЦЦһɣ
ףʵϿôʵһֱûи˵ˮʼ˼ԣȲȫ˵Ҫţ
ŶСӣ˿ʼˣֶˡºЦֵˮĶͷЦ˵˵˵ʲô»
¿ˮЦ֪ǻ£Ҳͺˮĵţ
ǰʱɽһˣ˿Һ˵ʲôԵ˵ҲʺѧĹ򣬾ʹһǿĹ˵ǿԴǣɷһȭ˵һ˲ĹرʺңȻ˾뿪ʱͻСе㲻ףھҲСгɾͣǺڵʱûô˼ңҶûˮСΪڱɽ¼һˡ
Ȼôţˮļ쳣ȷʵ΢ЦĿˮꡣ
˵Ѿ껹Сгɾͣ˵˵ʲôʵһת˵ľͺˡ
û˵Ҳ֪ʲôʵҸоԼСˮɲҸԼڵ
ɣ˵ѾСɣôţҾʿʵǱ£ڴ˵š
ˮĵЦˣӮǲǾͿҳȥ
ԥ£ˮŵģҲǲֻϲǣе㺦ˮʤϣˮܳʿʵԶԶźأĲõΣա
ֻʤףͷȥ˵һģɵĻȴţóʿʵ
ˮȴǿĵЦˣ
˧˼ֻʿʵԲԼ֣


23 ȼ
ˮҿλ˶ѧʲôЦʾˮԱˡ
ˮʵһֱƣΪʲôʿ˼۷壬ʮʮ߼۷ҵţҶ˧˼Ѿ˧ż⹫Ѿ˧ʮ⹫Ѿǰ䣡
Ѷʮûн佫𣬿Ѿ̳佫ʮ˧ʹʮܸոս˧һҶʮѾ˧˼
˦Դˮ֪о⣡Ǹܴ⣡
ҪдˮѾ´ҵĺԺԺҵĺԺԺеķҪƽ͵ңǲֿ⣬ԺӺܴΧǽҲܸߣʮ׸ߣԶмֻСţһСĺڹеſﾯĿܣˮǰ⼸ֻɽĴڹǰĲ񲻹׳ͣ
ϧֻǸػԺĿŹûʲôֵϾ֮޾ܰ⼸ֻǿļһɵˮǵûԹֻζǹ⣬ͦġ
Щͷֻһˮ׼õףʾһһȭƽƽõֻʹҲǴһɾ磬ˮǲȭͷ·˺üſµ£
ףµĿоĻϲһȭһȭ֪ʿǴ򲻳ģӶܽ£
ĿһְտٵץˮѾƽȭͷ
ˮǺһЦ˫ּʱͻȻһĿѣٶȻȭΪָ£Ѹٵĵұ۵̡ʡ̫ԨȱѨѸٵĺ
ǴվԭأԼұС
Ҳû뵽ˮʹ˾ѨָкܸӣֹʵܸȴΪ֪徭ѨλɵĶʳ˻Ҫо˵Ͼϰֹǿ﷦ζġ
ţ˵ܴ𡣿ģСӽ컹оϲղſһȭƲֻû뵽;ɴ½ټĴѨָȻͶȡˡ
ڿޱȣӴȻѧѨôԺҲܳΪһ֮µҩʦ
ͨҩʦʵҽʦ٣÷ҩʧܴڳɹĵҩƷʵ£Ǯְ󣬱Ͼʧܴ࣬εļгɱҩʦΪҪĽǮ
ҿûôǮһҩʦ̾
û°ɣˮסµұۣϹܿ컯ֱϵĲʸо
ӣ㳤ˡڸܵˮǻ֪ԼӾڶоָĪĸо
׼ǼˮһҪСģ̫߳ԶҪμӳ񣡡¿ĵˮԴҲԺĻͲˣϾӴˣ
뿴½ҽֲҩǡҩ䷽ҾͿ԰ˡ
ð뿴Щ֧㣬ѧ㶫кôģն಻ѹȥ󣡡
ҪԼȥˮ뵽ԼȻûȥΪֻʿϵ˿ŵģʵʿûȨȥ
ףȼ⣡ˮ·Լʣʵڱûţ
ŶʲôʰɣʲôʱôˡȴǺǺЦ˵
Ϊʲôûһ佫ģһʿ˧ô£
¿ˮһ˵һˮ֮ĻҲֵĻ
ΪһֵҩȻүүˣʣµ˧ֻ佫Ǹո̤˧˵еɬ
ǿĵҩ˵ֵҩһһ佫ļ𻹶࣡ˮо̫˼飡
ֻǣʺÿһӴ佫۷壬Ҳܴ佫һ佫ʮ
ʲôҩ죿


24 񵤻Ƿϵ
ˮо̫˼飬ʲôҩӲһǿǱ˿ʮꡢʮꡢһ޷ﵽĽ
ҩʦҲ̫ˣֵҩҲ̫̫ƻƽ˰ɣ
ҩֽС񵤡ӵĿˮĺʲô
ףôõĵҩôһ񵤡֣ʲôõҩһ
һȻǺҩ˵ʥƷĵҩı׶˸öЩҲ̫£̾ε˵
׶ˡãˮ˵ڿͲ󣬱ϾΪ˶һЩʶĶ˽⻹ģԽõĶ覴õһ棬Լ֮оʲôĸˮ벻
ԣΪ÷񵤵˱ʿʮ۷壬䲻ܳʮʺԷ÷񵤺佫ʮ۷˧ĸȼȣܴﵽ˧ʮ㣬ӴԺ޴˷֮¿ˮ˵һ߹ۿˮı飡
ˮҲȻҲƽһ㣬ȻûиҲ̫ôһúܶ˶פ㲻ǰͬʱԷ÷񵤵Ļᡣ
ʿʮ۷廹ܳʮܴ꣬ﵽĶǱʶų÷񵤵뷨Ȳ˵ҩİ󣬾Ǹ㹻ˣϾ˻Ҫи룬²ʵ֣չǸϣȻƮ죡
¿ˮҲǾ浫˵
Ǵ½˵룬ֻҪǧ֮һ֮һϣҲȥǰķ񵤣ұΪ񵤵ĶУϡȱޱȶҸǰޱȣǮҲ򲻵
˼Ǽ˷񵤡ˮԼΪʲôû佫ʱײ˵Щ
˺⹫ʣµˡˡľԼΪﶼ˷񵤣µĻһ˿˵ζ
˵λ˾һṳ̂Ļ𣿡ˮȵ˵·ϧеܣ
ȴЦˣˮ⹫ƾһڴʮĴƴСֵܽҲǲرѾ佫㣬ʣµҺ˾ȴ佫಻ͻƣ
ˮ֪ͣ滹й£û˵ôš
Ҳ׳󣬾ǵļҲر⹫ͻƵ˧ʮ㣬԰ǵļ׼Ҫ⹫ˣǺӰ쵽ڰǵĵλ
Һ⹫ǰõϢضĵҩóʵ²˷µľģΪҪΪһϣһٴ̤ϣҪֿǵֽƾ⹫һǲģ
ԳǶ˷񵤴ﵽ˧𣬰ǵļֻ޹ͬʱҶ̤һϣûУһǲٷ÷񵤶⹫ҲûмˣﶼҲǲܵ顣
Ƿ񵤣֮˵񵤣ͬȴǷϵڴ壬ôҲӷõģΪʹͨ񵤴ﵽ˧ǱͬԼŬ˧̫࣬ΪǸܲÿһƿͻƴľ
ֵҩʲò̤佫޷ﵽߵ񵤣ϧҵһţ
һӴƴһЩһ˻ϧĶһһӵĴƴȴò˷һںϵʵ˼Ҹмڷϵ
½̤ǧжûмԡ񵤡Ȼ˵ҩǴҲ쳣ҪүүõѾʣµһֱ䱦
ף÷񵤣ͼλ˾ǲǶͶһϣ̤죿ˮ̤ѹ
ˮı飬¿뷨˽⣡
ɵСӣôôﵽģǿǻԵûֶ򡢴󳹴Ļǽ벻ģ⹫Ѿʮʼյòͻƣ¸пĻΡ
򣬿


25 Ҳ
ˮԼйһζ֪ĺôһζٵֵǸʮеԵ˶򡢿󳹴ֻԵ⻹ûбİ취죬Ͼ򡢿ǿԵֻеһҲûже˾ˮʱֲ˧ʮ۷徳硭
ѯûбİ취ͻƵ쾳ˮµĻ
ˮˣ
ˮ̧ͷһµʯ̳ɵС·Ѿߵͷӳһصʯݣرʵӣʯ¥ûдŶǺصʯš
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ˮӹֲ飬ܸоֲֲ׾Ԣ֮ˣƽʵޣطأ
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ˮֵĿһֹͬţƤֽ
ˮֲ˵ģֲҲûֱӻӻ֣ӾֱˣҪͻˣ
ȻҪӳȥˣǾԼŰɣ־֪ʲôõ似
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ˮŵĺһ飬ипǰϷ̫ԣ飿˿ʲô鶼û뵽ȴԼҪ鿴
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26 ½ҽ
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Ҫ뿪̫ԶһӲֲӵˣԱû⡣ˮµ֤
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ҲҪСģһʧȥҲҪһаáˮĵ˵ţͬʱҲڴԼڳ嶯ʱҲԼ
ЦŵͷᱧסˮԴĳˣ֪Լˣһ
ˮףǸˣʡεɫˮоᣬģҪʵȴĸ׵Ը
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27 Ⱥɽϣ
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˵ǰˮһֱϹǿ۷಻ͻƣˮȻÿ첻иŬǰһʮ쵽һοתʮ졣
ˮÿתһͻһЩҲˮͻΨһοҲһ첧Ҳ˵׼ˮָ֪ʿԺԣ
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ϧͻƲ죬֪ͻƵʵ٣Ͼ쵽һʵ׶Ρ
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ҲԺǸĸ죬ˮľ쳣ǿÿֻҪ˯ʱ͹ˣʣµʱˮȫ
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ȭĲΪһȭʹãǰַĻˮ֪ȭǲµġ
ףˮ֪Լˣصｫ½ҽֲҩҩ䷽󿴿ǱҲװȥ
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ˮ뿪һƬɽ֮أľ֣ˮڱĴɽһ
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ˮɽȺɽȥˮİϵڱϣֶֻһŶʯСʯӣ
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Ƭıɽشˮ֪ʲôйʲô׳ۣһ޼ʵҰͷһľ޴ɽˮ֪Զɽһ㣡޾ͷ


28 Ⱥɽ£
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꣡޴ĹԼһ޴Ĳҽ
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ѵ촽ͻȻоϷʲôס⣬̧ͷһˮɫޱ䣡


29 һ
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ҪɱߵͣһҪ͹תƨȦˮ̲סһ䡣
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ͷīȴǷȥ˻ϣ
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Ѫֹ˿ڣʹڲˮз࣬ѵԼСҪһ˲ˮ뵽ܶ࣬Ļ뵽ףʱԼ֤ԼԱ࣬ԼչԼ
ԼҪδ˵ԸԼԼˣô죬׻޿۸ô죬Լ
ˮʶʼģѪȾȫͬʱҲȾһֱˮǰǿӵ壡


30 ɾ
ϺڵѪҺǹӵȾ˰ɫˮʶģ˲䣬ѾɰɫȻɢϹ⽫ˮסһӤһۿٶʳˮѪҺ
ˮʶһһ˲ĸоһһ˲䣡˿ͻȻоѣȴǿľе㲻ţ
ǵԼյĴΪŷŲ׵ִԵһʱ֪ѾԭɽأһƬ׷ԲĵطΪֻа׷ԲˮһۿԽﾡ۵ף
ôѵȡõط𣿡ˮվܣͻȻԼϣȵ˵
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ֱһ̣ˮſǰԲεֱʮ׵ˮأˮӨ͸峺ףҲʮ
ףˮоȲϣΪˮһиʯһһ˶ߵĲԾ׳С
ʯͬҲһ˶ߣشһׯϢˮ߹ȥţȵʱ滹֣
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ϧôõĶֻԼһʹãˣԼѾõĺôܱأһģϾ˶ǲ˳ɳвԼ棡
ˮ֪˶ʱ䣬ֻвʮĶشСĿռ˲飬Žֵɫأо˼飬ׯһеĺá
ת˼Ȧˮռ䲢ûţôȥˮ뵽ôȥͷԼѾ뿪ɾɽȣ
ôȥһ뵽ȥͻɾˮĵӣ
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ˮִ˲Ľȥ
ˮֻ֪ҪԼһҪȥͻȥҪͻʱҲȷԼռˡ
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Ѿͷīץ鲼·ˮֻܿЦóõ·ϣڻ·ʱ򿴵һֱڲϹӵȴˣֻʣ¹ͺͺϸ
ĪɾԼеĵõǿ׹Ŀռ䣡ˮֽȥɾ˸ʼҲ壡
ֻûоӣȻˮͲˣΪʱˮüɫƶСɰ״СƶС׹״
ɫɰˮü续㾦һ㣬ˮƯ˫۸һűֻǲ˫ÿ۾ɰԵúǲ
Ȼ׹ûˣˮǹͺͺҲժ¶һɾ·̧ͷԶѾȥİͷī
ˣˮ߹ȥͷīһֻ޴۾ѪģԼʯͬʱеһɵģŴѾƶǣȻҲ˺ˮ֪Ӧ䵽ͷī۾ʯӣˮµûĻʯӦýˣ
쿾ͷī԰ɣ


31 ԭ
ˮõɾĺôоֱͦ˲٣ڲñŰˣɱʲôռָõö࣬Ҷһңˮ뵽ЦεЦʾԼʱе޷йĵ⣡
Ӱó׼õĵʯΰ͡һ豭һĴȻȥЩӲֲҵнȻȥĸɿݵ֦ɣ
ȵӣڸΪ㲻֪ʲôʱֻܷȿ˳ˣϾȹûˮݺݵ˵Ȼõɬëϴ
ˮõɾеˮϴģɵĸп̫˷ˣǰȵˮûУ˾ݳһΣˮռˮ᲻꣬ˮˮǺţһؿв˰ף
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ô˵ҲԼһο⣬ˮǳԵĺܿģԱˮŰͷīӴԼԵһǾţһë
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ˮϥ£Ϲǿֻһֱǰ޿赲
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ҲǵһɾУˮͣȻУϢᣬ˾ȥˮرߺȵˮղſ⻹кôһ顣
ˮȭϹǿȻ濴飬ϾһŶһ죬ı̫˷ˣ
Ҳ֪˶죬ѳ꣬ˮֻˮи˳ȥٿ⣬οҪһ㣬ˮɾʳԱʣŶʱ䶼ԭûʲô仯䶼䣬һ£
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һʱˮǴʮ죬ˮںȲ֪ڶٴˮʱ򿴵Լüɰһۿ֪ԼһֱڲС档ˮԼеһЦãе绪Ҫôֿǿ׳һ㡭ءԺ˿Ҳ
ˮ鼮ʲô棬Ȼһͻ᳢ԿɲԽȥһδûӦˮͷ϶ʼð
ˣӣֻԼһջȥ㻹ɵңˮ߷ߵţҲֻû˵ʱˮŻ˵Щ໰
ɫȫˮȥİͷīϣÿʱͳһΣ֪Ѿʱˡʱ11㵽賿1㣩
ҹɫ¹ˮһ㣬ϧˮûȥüɰڣˮ΢̤ʵһЩ
ˮֹ˲ʱһԻûЧôҲʱĹȥ
ʱչˮٴţͻȻȥˣһ˲ˮӯĸо

ȥ

ˮٴ·ҪѸղûзӦĴͳͳ
ڽļˮ֪ԭԼÿɾʱһʱҲɾʮ죡һʱʱ䣬ֻʱһͿһģ
Ҳʯдӵİ죡ˮҵԭɺö࣬⼸ʱ˵໰˱ʮ࣡
⼸Уˮÿδɾ߳Ϊֹųʱˮļҽҩ鼮꣬Դ䣬ԺһĴָСͼˮԼļﵽֲĵز
ֻǳǱûз


32 
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Ȿġҩ䷽ҪĲҩ֮¡ʪȡ֮໥䣬ǰÿֲҩҩԺ͹˼дĺ
ˮԺͼ죬ǼԲǸǵģȻһʱʱԲ͸Щǿǿмÿ˶һЩҪĶ
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̤ʵأٱǧŬ֮ԺЩˮеģɾĹЧ˲ġ
һֻɾһʱͿһ춥ʮ죬ˮԲ˷ÿһ죬ÿ춼Ҫʱֱ꣬ǿ߳
ˮһѡٽڶǰʱŽȥڶɾʹã
ʱˮڸ·ɱԴϴǰͷīֻ޺ˮ⼸һֱûޣ
̫ˮϣˮûһ˿飬޳籪һýֻԴӵɾˮˮûٿգ
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ʵˮǻ˫ºƯ۾Ѿˣֻɰλ̫ˣһӺ˹
ƵˮͷŪҲ޳û˿׸⣬ȥýһ·Ұ޾ͻˮԴˮͿԲȱԵģεʵ飬ˮˮƽ٣ԽԽɫζȫˡ
һ·ˮɾϢһ£ͿʼȻֻʮ죬ˮǵһ쾳йǿʮ죬쾳Ϲǿʮ죬Ϲǿʮ죬Īÿһǰһһ
˼⣬ˮ̲ס̤ʵ˼ʮ쵽ʮԼʮ쵽ʮʱ
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ˮԺ·;Լȱ˵ͻƲʮ죬Ժоʮ졢һپʮ졢ٰʮ졭
Щˮͷֲ࣬µϹǿֻƾͿԺ񶷣
ˮһδγǼ͵ıϣÿһһСϣȻСǺʹǴĹЧǰҪıϵʹܡ
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̾ˮ֣ҪͻƵϹǿѣ
óǼ飬ˮ㿴飬ȥǼ󲻵òĿⶢǱϣˮȻûзȴǶİΪǽĻ˵½ֻҪ߼ѧⱾ
ˮüôڻĶΪʲôҪڲţ
ˣȿɣҲҪΪݴ½֪ȻͼĹŲϺţȴÿ߱ѧģһ㶼Сʱ򿴵ģȻԽʶȥ߸õ似
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аٱ֮׵ƣʽ֮壡Ϊ֮о֮硣ĸλУ⡢桢ĩС񡢽סʡ
žǽĻַԹҡ㡢ݡáΪϰʱҪߣӦʱҪϣϣϡ
ˮЩκһ߶˵֪ʶмˣԽǻĶԽдѧʣǾǧ˹ͬʵģ
졢׼ݣеĹҡ㡢ݡáˣһһɥʧս
֡ۡξ
߼ѽĽ⡢桢ĩС񡢽סʶɱ˵Ĺߣ˺ͽΪһ壬˽һ˺һ˾һѳʵ


33 ʮĥһ
ˮſ˼Ʈ˺ԶԺʲôʱԴﵽ˽һ˺һعֻҡҡͷԼҪͷԼûǰûʲôسǿ̫ȭֻ̫ǻӣԼӶѣ
¿Ĺҡ㡢ݡáľֽ⣬ϸĽⷢλáԼĺ֮ͼһСճĽơ
Ľ˸ӣЩĽôˮо⡶Բϵôûá
ˮÿһͼܵķͻִԭرȻһһдĹҡ㡢ݡáһϰȻ󷴸ѭš
֪ʱţɾûкҹˮ״һ㣬߻ħ
ħɹʲôó߻ħľͷûвɹģ
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񣬱ʵ̫ˣϽĶĶס
ֻǴϼ仰ѧã׾Ψ첻ƣعȻ
ˮųһعȻƶǶ仹֪˼ϵʵʣʲôôʹãôʹãʱԼ˺ͣѧá
׾˵ǽҪ׷ĽԽϳ˵ĽԽƽ棬ƫƫĴﵽĿģɵһ翴׾
Ψ첻ƣˮǰ֪ٶȾ书Ψ첻ƣֻҪٶȴﵽƾһСϧֻһԸ˭˵Լء
һƶǶĻعȻ֪ǽһ㾳磬ĪǽгɣȻװΪǻعȻ˵һֽ⣡
⣡ˮңԶ
飬ˮ۾סȻĵĸܣǡеļʹáԵС任
˺óʱ䣬ˮۣǻٸĽκξ綼ԡΪ
ǲǡҲܴﵽ߼ˮ˼š
⡢ֳˣˮֻܳȥԣ߳ȥɫֻǳˮÿɾʮ죬ˮһνȥһνȥֱ߳Ϊֹ
һ¹ȥˣˮһµʱѧܶ࣬Ҫؼ䣬صǿġ
һ˵жͿװµĶԽ󣬾֮Զ֪Ⱦ׾ʺܶ࣬Ҳܶ࣡
һֻҰ׼ʮͷҰˣҰëǡࡢѪӵȫͳͷҲˣ
̫˷ˣȱ°ˮԳѰȤ
ãҰȴǺܽ׳ģһƤûз⣬ʱˮԵľҰˣرĸʴ㣬Ϊܳ⣬ˮûȥɱҰȻôĺóԡ
ǿĿԣٱطóԣˮĸо
Եһ㣬ʣµͿõŵɾˮԱߵļܻĹӣسĳ̣
ٴνɾˮִĿԽҡ㡢ݡáã߶೤ľˮˢĵҲģϾˮ˫˫̶ֵԼַÿָϰȭʱһּ¡
οһζ򼸺ȫ˫ֱգҲ°빦һǧ
ʮ
ˮ֪Ҫ뽫òҪʸҪʱ䣬ˮģԼɾʱбϣ
ߣӦʱҪϣϣϡˮȻǺܶҲǿԶһЩ
ͽҲҪϺãҲҪϣˮ治֪ô
ڸˮڻҪ졢׼ݣرǿ죡
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죡ˮΪ֣ϵĳԸֳĽǶȡȡ
ˮʼϰսҪľˮһֱϰУ
ΪһҪľһ죬쵽ۻңʤ


34 ֮һ
ˮʼ˲䷳ϰд̽վظ⿴򵥵Ľһһ
˾ȿˮԵ㶫߿飬мˮȥժԳԣ֪ô£ʺĹʵˮеżǻж
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Ȼˮʱص㣬ô½֪ˮд̽°һ˵ˮǸӡ
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ˮҪľֻΪЧΪǡǽĵػػԽԽ̣¥ԽԽԽʵ
һ¹ȥˣˮһд̽ɾϰ˲꣬ȫ½Ҳˮд뷨дǿݳ޵ʹʱ䡣
һδεĴ̳ˮ֪û˶ľǰĴָϸһľϸĻľľ
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ʵˮ֪Ҳûľģ
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ˮͣ˼һȭ޴ȻӽǷ׷µҶ
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󸽽ˮ̣ĹͺͺģҲҲκһϻҶˮ֪Լûؼˡ
֪ˮ£Ѿʮµ׿Ҫʮһˣ֮ϵĿҶˮˡ
һʱ䣬Լȥˡˮ̾
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ˮ̽ľ磬ǲʮĳɾͣʮĥһʮһ
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ˮɾϣ谭ԼıȻһΡĴɽͻ
̧ͷϵʮʺ
ԣ


35 Ե
ˮʮͨųһžͿٽ͸оֻǿϧÿţٳԾûʲôˣȻÿǧһʵ
һɴһǧˮرϡٽСҲ⣬˵Ϲǿ಻ͻƣ˵Լҵͻء
뵽ˮܵǿŴ׳ǰʮſƯĺɫӣζȻޱȣϰߵסһһק
ףǰɣôʵˮһקô˵ҲкüʮȻûаקһ˸ߵĴ׳С˿
ˮ棬ʹһקûһˮ˲ϰٽ
ҿǼˮֱϴһӽקק˲˿ˮһ´žٽң
ˮ˼һٽקȻҲҪٽק£һμֵĲݴ½ֵ»𣬾ͷԼϵľѾ޷ˣˮڳͬһ㡣
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Ȼûгϣˮãһ˲ٽǲǧԴǣ΢׾ϴãֻˮѾϴ跥Σ㹦ЧѾԲŵͨϾĻԵˡ
˵һֻٽ𣿡ˮ˰벻ףǺ£ܱٺá
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˲ǧٽǲСĺôԼ֮һϹǿ칦Ҫ޵Ϳʵǿȣ
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ʱˮ֪ɾǳˮʹãڵڶǻˮܿģãΪˮ֪ˮͨˮȻֿɫأʱȣˮ֪ЩˣȻ̫˷ôõԴ˵ҩݣ
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·ˮҲľʱ̳ˮҪָо˵Ҫ֣
쵽ˣؽԼĳ񣬹˽ԼˣȢӣҪ½档
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ˮڸ˵ӣҲϲϲ㡭


36 ص
ؽˮһڵɽɽϣɫѽƻ裬ˮԶҴŵķȥһۿԶ޷ǵӰǵ˴ԼǿˮеӰ
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37 ҹ
ˮЩҹӵĽ޳кվھǰǽü䵭ɰַ绪ĸо˵ΪŮԣԻմƯۡ
һ˱˵Ư֪ʲôоˮԸԼҲԸ
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ÿԺ֪жٹ޸ˮ°ˮ졢½ǻӣĵЦ˵
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ӦԻ㣬һҪĻ¶һ˿ǣǿЦݣ谮Ŀˮ
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38 ȶһ
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ĸţʱĿΧ۴ĶвϵĴЦЦŮ֮ĵЦ
ˮվĸ׵ߺһ̵վĴֵУֻҪĸߣˮоܰǰһ¶ĳ֮Թ¶Ϊûˡˣ֮ķΪ¶
ĸ˻صѾˡǹˣݴ½ˮׯķˮ֪ǰһǰũˣĴҲǺǰ࣬ʱҪűڡ桭
ڶˮĸһ𽫼ʰһ飬ʵҲûʲôҪʰģҼûʲôˣ¸ϰñ˽Լķ䣬Ȼˮ⡣
ˮһʱʱɾôõıˮ˷һʱ䣬æҲҪʱ䣬˵һһʱǺ׵ġ
ŹͺͺĿռ䣬ٱһʱȲüֱ˷ѣϧˮһֱûйֲֲһЩҩݵģϧϴһǧ˲ζ˾ͽһˣɼǧҩ̶ȡ
ԺҩݾֲһЩϾʮĶҴĿռֲܶģһ͵ϰҩˣԼʮ꣬ڹһʮֲ꣬һЩͨҩԼʮͷҲҩˣ
뿪˺ˮо˷ܣֲ˵Ҫֻ룬ϾҩôңԼԾֲͨҩݣȡʤֻҪɾһֿռϡеҩݺҲֲȥ
ȥһЩͨҩݻȥɼһЩԼҲʶٲҩˣˮ¸뾡
ˮʲôʱģ˵ȥˡ
ˮ̧ͷһˮǵõһȥ䳡һΣͻƽ뵽ʿһֱûӣҶҵӵܣȻ䳡ϵЩĴ˼ҺһЦˮ
ҵ䳡ֻһֳĳֻֻδﵽʿбĴ˼ҵӵܣϡϡɱҵ˶̫ˣҲУеٮٮ֮һ־ԡ
ţþû˳ɣûˮǿһۿԷʵʿ߲۷塣
ˮиоǸұԼСıԾԲ߲۷壬Ǻˮ֪ȷʿ˼
˼Ⱦ֣ΪҵȲֻҿԲμӣҵĹҵʿɲμӣǵüǰһȺðյ·ׯպøȻμˣ˵ʲôѣȻԷҲˡ
˵ǱҲд裬ׯĴ󻧼壬ˮ룬ҿһľҡķҡͯң
磬ȿԴˡˮЦ˵Ѿ΢Цߵǰ
Цһ£ûôף֪ҵҹҵķϮˮͯҵͯգʿż
ʿżôܣӸŶ٣˭ܺһƴ֮ˮ˵Լʵ٣оǾȣʱ仯ôû뵽ôȻļ׷ϣҶʳҲ֮١
ãҵţѾʿʮˣԸӦô´࣬ҾͶԸһЩССϺᵽԿĵЦˣΪǿʢܱϣ˲ܵõӺ𾴡
ǧһɣһ˶Աóһñѹ˭ܳܵ
ˮת˰죬ԼҼֵܣֵ⹫ǿҲӶŮ٣Ůһֻһ޶ǷҲ۰мӡ
ˮ꿴㳤٣һ;ǿһ·߲ͨԳһȻʱҪԿˣ·ͬվڸߴӴ⹫ҲͲ˵ˣԼ·ԼС޿ѾǴ˵ˮͰ˵š
⹫İɣҲµġˮ֪ڲö˵ʲô
ڶ죬ˣϲһƬ׷ѣˮʡ飬ֻڸߣϵ֡
޴ȫҼ棡
һȥˣһˮ˵Ѱһʮ꣬ҲǾгԺʲôĵ·һꡣ


39 ȶ
ܿ͹ȥˣԽоԽ죬ˮ˵ʲôʱһȻɾƣˮŬ̿ȴǳģʲôʱÿĹ̶ǲٵġ
ˮԽԵԽǷôŬȻʮ֮ǰ㣬ʮ֮ǰϧʮѾȥˣˮڴҲעûʲôԵ֡
ǳģׯ֮ıԣˮûʲôȤ㿴Ǹôȶ
ˮ߳СԺɾٴο£ϧ޷ͻƣˮΣǵһΡĴɽĵסˮǰĽŲ
֣رǿѵΪҪʼ֮ıȶԽǰؿ˳̽¶ԷʵѾǼûԼĬ
ɫѾ磬ϧںĶ죬һʱ䣬رʱůյģһ벻
ˮ䳡غһȣһϲĺ̺޵ĺ˿رϲ顣
ˮ磬ߣˮ໢Լ֣
û໢ˮѾʮ໢ѾʿȻûеʿ۷壬ˮпʱȻ仯ôࡣû뵽õ໢ȻҲ뵽ʿ
ˮ໢ˣȻǺܿĵģʹ໢ʮǰ벻ʿˮҲ취Ժ໢Ϊ
໢ԺúԺͿԵա
ٺ٣໢Цţ׳˶ˮһߣֻǿ׳
ˮ֪໢֮ԽôӦΪ̶Ȼ໢ѵôŬ
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ȻˮԼʲôʵֱԼЩ˸ߣӦҪһЩʲôˮ̫컹һľǿ϶ġ
ˮҹվһŮŮһ˫۾ԣһ˿¶ںڳеƤӰ𪣬ѾȫɽһȻͦϸ˫޳һ˫ɫѥʥķ飡
ֲӳҪŪ֣ԭǸˣˮҹߵ̶ͷ໢໢ĿתĿš
ҲǸܵĿעӣ̶ƯĴ۾ɻỹôһĲмˮʱ΢΢һȻ໢پȭͷ
໢пɬݣŮĳʱ̹ĵģԼƴƴŬڹ򲻸ˣԼҲʮѾʿֻǺͶԷĲȷʵԽԽһִܸȻȻľ
ˮȻǳ磬໢黹ģϾڲϰǶʱ䣬ˮĸʵ̫ˣЩ໢ڶʲô
ˮԴӿʼ̶һۺûٿȻƯʦװе࣬˭ˮϲһ㣬ֻ忴죬ҲҪһ㣬ϲ־ˢССŮʹɰˮҲҪżĿɰԱСŮꡣ
ûпϾһˣ˭֪ǼҵûУʹҵҲǺѵġ
ˮ໢뿪ûкö໰˵ϾʱСǱֵܣ
໢ѧֹڻᣬѧ㶫Ůⶫǿ˾ͻֻᷢкܶ࣬һоǰƯŮʵǲֵһᡣ
ˮоһǳŮʡ硢̸ֹ±ЩŮ˲֪˶١
ȻһжǮ¶ζ֮ͣҪƯŮҪҸƯӣʲô鶼Ҫ±Ǯġ
ȻʣϲԸʣҲУֻǱϾʵ̫٣ûԼ־ͱȥԼǲŮ˵ģ
໢ˮֺͳ˲ͬ뷨ֲ֣ÿκˮ˵оһ㡣
Ҫȶˮμ𣿡


40 ȶ
ڶˮÿ϶׼ʱȻϴһ¾ͻȥiҺԺһֽţ糿Ϣһ쵱ʱˮ糿Ŀ򵥵
ϹǿԴΪˮÿִȭΪʹԼЭӵ£ܷӳٷ֮ߵá
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ˮ֪ˮ۲ˣ
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ˮɵĶ࿴ٸۣƤѩϸ壬һ˫ϸرζɫȹеķ͹£ĵʼչŵ΢Цˮ䣬Ӧò̫С
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ˮһ˾ͽ죬˾ͽ콫˵һͨ볡ÿһ˵ĶС
޷ǾǲɱˣöԷͣ֡
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ʼ˾ͽ˵ĳ£̨Ƭ̼ž໢ܿվ̨ϡ
֪Լ


41 ౴ս̶
ȻûƣһǺĬѡʿܲμӣûԼĹؾһֱʵߣʿ弶ʿǸˮ룬ʿ弶ٶ༴ʹսҲûãϾһд򵹣ûпɱԡ
໢һս̨ոսʿûжʱ䣬һ¶ѣܿһˮ൱̨
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µ˿Ŀˮٶȡ϶꣬һ˫˫ÿοǡǡסԷĹһСһ벽Ȼü˦˦ֱۡ
໢СĴÿһȭĹؽڡѨԼĴ֮໢ڿ֪󲿷֣˽սرʵ൱Ķ֣ܴ򵽵λþͺʶȾ̫࣬ʹȻǰһĸо
ٴ˦˦ֱۣʮָ֨֨ٴγ໢ƾٶȺ໢Ķһ
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໢ʤõĲŲæˮо̧ͷ໢Լгȸϣˮ΢Цĵͷ
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ˣСѾͷԵҲã̫˳˷ԺຣҡҡͷЦš
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ˮ֪౴˫ȭǱ˿֯ɣһĵһۼܿղСѾͷڵ¾Ͷˮ˵һ飬ģҲһ˫ҲǲˣϾЩȭˡ
౴һˮʹˣĲֻˮһΪ౴ҵġȭȻСɡ
ЩǾȵģȵ౴ʹȭ໢ͬһȼԼԼѾһ顱ʹ鵽ȭľ裬Եޡ
౴ֻѸ͵ıӣʧ˸оۻҵ
ֲ౴˵ֻҪʮУСѾͷȻʹսʵսˮС̩ɽѹһһ·ѹ̶
·ʤ̶౴Σ౴ʽȴһ㣬˫ߡ
ڰУ౴˵ţӰǹĶ㿪ѾҪ񱩵̶һɨ
ȶԷʽʱ౴籪һĳ嵽̶ߣǵһȭݺݵû˿Ļ̶ͻѨֱӽ̶ĻԹȥ
౴ĵھУ


42 һּһ
౴̶򵹺󣬵³˶ݵĳĬҲе㲻˼ĿԱߵԼŮѹһɨҶһĽŮˡ
εĲ֪Σܿҵļ˽ѾԵ̶̧£౴ûվ̨ɽһ䣬ǿǿ͵ӣ
˵̨仰øƽүӺӶڲֻ˵һ䣬СѾͷڱŮ񡢻Ρ
ȻׯǻྺҲǺദͬάׯãСŮȻ˵ЩȴǸоеƤһ㣬رǸ̴ٸһŮӸЦĵķ鿴ˮһ
Ů֪Ǹиÿϱڣ̵ͦɽ壬Ҫ¶ĵķԡˮŵ¼һȻѾ
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޲һô˵֮أҪô
ӺԽ彭ĺӣֵܣ
ʿʮѴһоͰҹƳ⣬סѴڳ嵽ҹʱŴһתţתͬʱѴܲ͸硣
³Ц棬˶֪ΣһУһжֵסͱȥ⻹飬ƾԵٶȿԽҹ˫֮䡣
һĬ󣬵ӿȵĽкֻŽԵģԿû˸ĺһֻӣֻǼǸߴеаȵĸоȴСŮһҽС
ڴʱȴһˮʶ̨ȥ˵һ䡰Ҳ򣡡
Ҫ֣˾ͽ˵
ˣȻС𣬺οһɣȴЦǺǵ˵
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ʣµļ˵ͷο⣡
һУһдӮ䣡˾ͽˮԲС׳յģ˵һôҾ㵵Ļ


43 ˮѤһ
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˾ͽԵ˫ͬʱԽ˫һͣγһҵͷǴӵһ㣬Ȼ˾ͽת
һʱȶ̨Ͼң˾ͽ˫һ̤棬ĺϺ£ңмԵĴͷ˳ת
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˾ͽԾȺǵЦݸǿңˮ£֪ľȻߵ̨ϡ
Ҫսң˾ͽű˵ĳݣû뵽ԼÿСͻȻⲻԼͷ̲סü˵
ˮԼô͹ʹԼ̫װƵļһˣȻͽſˡ
ˮ
ˮĸ׽˫ǵǣգգۣĵı顣
ףˮůģ˹ĵĸоůġ
һУһд򲻵䣡ˮ֪ԸװƵҪװƣˮֻýĻԭⲻͻȥ
˾ͽˮᣬܸоСӡջˮԼδ޿ǳĲ˵ԼҲ⣬ϴοȻС˵˺ü仰
ˮ˵һдӮԼ˾ͽЦֻûЦͲЦˣΪˮһ仰
ɣУȻֵĻᶼûˡˮ˵˾ͽԵһ
Ѿ̲סЦˣ˾ͽҲˮĵ٩ղŵĵⱻˮ仰һ㲻ʣ
ŭ˾ͽˮٵһȭֱزˮһһȭ͸ղ˾ͽĶһһ
һУ
µµ˲ˮԶ˾ͽĹǺЦΪˮһ̨ȫõ˾ͽ˵Ļ
˾ͽҲûиղǴݲȵװԼԼΪʲôСӾͻŭڡ
ڶУ
ˮѾ˾ͽ
˾ͽ˫ȭɫĻޱȵٶȽˮȭӰУˮȻŲæŹţǱȴô
Уˮ³һ˾ͽ޲ýˮɱĸо
Сб±㣬˾͸ӲӲһΡﺰ˫ͣҲûͣ뵷ˮжƿյ˾ͽѲǲҪˮܷܵס
ˮż˾ͽ˫۹Ϲǿתȫ˫۸߸߾ˮǽľٵĺ˾ͽɫ˫ۡ
꣡
ۣ

һ˾ͽ˫ۣڶǺ˫ҵظʱ˾ͽ³Ѫ˾ͽһܿιȥֻˮһӺȶ̨ʮ׶Զ
ҺӲӲģΪˡˮֹţȻ󿴿Լ˫֣ǰԼһ㣬˵˼Ѿˣֻû뵽ֻˣ
ûЦǴĿˮҲǳԾĿˮˮԴװԹԵӣ˵һ䣬ǿǿ͵ӣ
µ౴ȴǺСЦǸûûεӣЦĵ»ﻹֹסЦΪ仰˵̶ġ


44 ս󡢳
ڿˮʤ󣬶ˮıҲ̫ˣǾϲ˭ܽܣ˾ͽεЦЦ޸оˮ̨˵һ仰̫ˣʿܶ˶֪ģеѡ
ⲻǽвμӱ˶һ𡣡ϲ˾ӦһУ˵Ȩ
˾ͽп˵ǧȴԭνǰǷˮȻҵİ壬ް㻹ǸϺꡣ
֪±ڹ
ԼѾ佫˾ͽׯΪ˾ѹסׯȴû뵽ֳôһЦرӵıѾΪ˴Цᴫǡ
ˮ³ȶҲͽˣˮһսֱӳΪׯĸ֣һܰ佫˾ͽ˻ԣʲôʵҪ߳һ
ͷǳˣˮ֪鷳ҲҪˣȲ˵ľͼҲԼͷƤ飬Ժͣˣעٲ˵ģˮ֪һ죬ѻǳ˵
ˮԿҵ־ȣϲгݵĿ⣬ǰرԣͷ
ǲŷһֱһ±˵ɷҲǲɽ¶ˮĬĬŬţҵĽûԿͷŵ
ֻǴҶ֪ˮܿ̿࣬ŬʳĵزŬȴҲ˷ĳƺţĳƺźôŬʵǷֲġ
Ŭ춼ôʵ£˵費ϲ䣬ÿ̿Ĳְʵôֻ˵
ľϲĽͳݣҵĶ޶ǳ˾ϲо𾪣һʵԸĳƺҲںһһյĿּ̿įͱ˵һʮ껹δĺģ
¿ˮг˸̾Ӷ£Լûչ˺֪⺢ʵ˶ٿֻ֪࣬ҪһŬΪΪǰڿһʱȾ֪СʱˮôŬΪʲôǲ̫оǶӳˡ
֪ˮôŬΪһһϳŵĹ֪ˮôŬΪԼ֪Ρ
ˮ磬ҾͿǸ˾ͽĶӣΪԼһģºˣˮһӸֱѪιȥ¶ҲͶˡ౴ĵӺ˾ͽܵһߴߴ˵ûûˣü֮䰮ЦһֱûϹ
˵꣬С̶ɣ˼ҳôĳ󡣡ˮ΢ЦĴȤ౴˵š
ˮ֪Լ鲻꣬Ȼܿˮͱ˸û󡱣޵ʱЦǺǵĿˮˮֻóƭȡ׵ǸĵͷȻҲȫŵҲֻţһˮܴˮܿ̿࣡
ֻǶˮþòͻ˭ҲͲ壬ֻܽˮʺ
ȶˮׯ˲֪˲ˣΪ˵İˮܵ͵û˷ˮܺÿڶ֪Ǹ͵Ưԭġ
죬ˮֳȥܶԼʶ˶Լ˵Ů͵͵ԼˮǿЦá
Цõľ׵˶ˣˮ֪ԼҪŬЦֻдﵽԺܰĸףڸȥ룡
꣬ʮˮҲþг񣬴½ĳҪŮҪУֻойŮˣԺĻȢɼҵǱ
ʵҲܼ򵥣ԡ󣬼졢졢棬ͬʱгĻɽʯһӺĶӣ
ɽϲϰ䣬Ѿڴˣʯϲ䣬ϧޣĲԺѧûʲôǰ;
Աˮ˾Ϊ⣬ֻû뵽עûΪˮȴҫ۵һǡ
رޣоϲ̫ͻȻ˾ͽҸׯûӣһ˼ͬһо˻ԣˮվһΪׯӣׯĸоһׯġ
Ҹڲ䣡޵ĸоϾҸ̫ͻȻ
ܿ;ˣˮȥǴģôõ֮ôȥء
ֻôˮȻҪȥǰĸ״ҩ⣡
ȻֹҲ⣬ˮôı䣬ֻٴóٵԸǣԼ˱ϣԳȥҲǺ£


45 һ
һֱµףڳʮɣׯʹ½ʱҲǴϲֵУŵƽʡ
һǹĺܿģر⼸죬ȻΪˮͻȻԵʡ
ȭر໢౴õȭܣ֪ˮ̸໢౴ġѾ֪飬ҶĽѣֻǲ˼ðȻڡ
Ҳǿȭĺôˮ̸һΣǿɲҵ˶ϰսϾ໢౴ѧˣЧһǿ󣬸ܿɹһַѧԺֱ۵ҪѧȭԺʹñҲĪ
֪ȭˮ˵ӦòرܣϾ໢౴ˣԿǲˮǸ˿ɲˮˡ
û⣡ˮȻˬĴӦˣһǸûǸеʦȭ츳ҪʹӡɲȥҲûʲôӰ죬οЩˣ̸໢౴ˣܲ
ǵģԼΪȴǵֵסǸ˾ͽһУͻȻԽһӵȵס
཭ӵʧ䣬֪һʱԽܣԾͰˮ̨˵˳Ҳš
رˮһоͽ˾ͽѪιȥôҲţׯûŰɡ
Բţ˶ô˵ģرҹҲô˵ģΪҹӲ˵š
ȷʵԵָһ㣬ҲǴãϾо̫ˣֱجһ㣬ʱûһе̫źˡ
֪ˮϷˣǸ˵ļһһн˻ԹȥԸоʵ̫ˣϧûۿӴ˵ָûоȥˮȥˡŪ཭Ҳ޷ԼСһǼӡ
ˮŻԼסԺǾȣ˵˵úأڻ²˴ôˡ
ףԣҪúϢˮԼСһĴͷео̫Ҳ̫ˡ
ͷٺĶϿΪ˫۾ڴϺ
ˮЦе㻬
ˮǸĵļһĺܲңһһӾͺˣоӦ̫ˡĿŹĿˮ
ˮһĿ֪һǸֱӣӵбˣһ֪Ժϲ
ٺ٣ҲǼһ˳ۣеͰȥˣʵǿȥ̨ǸɧɪӡˮЦĿ˵
ͣһ׺ͺЦ
˼ʲôˡ¿˵ӱķ˳պԺˮһһ˵˾ͽĶӣ̲סЦ
ˮԿкٺЦţ
ˮҰ⹫ˣ⹫֪ܸˣⲻҴȥ⹫˵һϲĶΪȻеġˮЦǺǵ˵ɢʥĹԡ
ˮһɺ֪и⣬ʵһңҵкö
ˮعͱֻ޵סȥ԰ʱүүҪүүԻţùøñƫģϾûġЦ˵˵ԵԴйùڣķݡ
ллùãԿĵѪ֪ú󼤶ѪȣһǧӦòᱻ˾ͽôҰɡ
ߵ޵סʱȴںԺΡӰǽ׳ȻѾĸ䣬ڿԻ˵ֻ׳ꡣϧ˼Һܹ¶Դȥһֱһ˽Ů˵ҲһֱûȢ
㵽ȢǿԵģŮҲ֧֣ϾһǺܹµģ޾ûдӦ
˻ͷ¡ˮԺĵЦˣرǿˮ⺢ʵ̫Լˡ
ף¿ĵĽһ䡣
޺ͰЦЦǷԷθû˿ʵ΢Ц
⹫үүˮȺЦŴк
úã޺ǿģҶ֪ΪʲôģˮҾҪׯɨأԺׯڰǵⶼܵѹ
ڲͬˣˮܾҪе鷳ǶôӣЩôݣˮսǲˣӦûΣա
ˮȻѰңҸʹãҪеĶΪϾﲻƽ޹ʵĵõôĺô޺¼˽ݺ޿ĵ˵
ˮҲǵһ֮ʣһŴһܡһӡ
⹫˵ﻰҶһˣοⶫȻȴǲܶԣҪ˳ӦõģҲһ𡣡ˮ˵⹫ǺףǵСʱ⹫ܵϲθԼȡ
޺ܿģȻǷҪˮҪҪ˵Ӧõģҹأ
ˮүӵļᶨڿͷ
⹫һ񵤰ɣ


46 ˮһ
ˮҪ޺¶һ޸ӵĿˮ񵤵ĹЧҲ֪˵ǰ;òϷ񵤡
ǰˮɲ̰ͼһʱʵͽõǰ;ͰºŻع񣬸Ͻ˵Ͼ񵤵Լˮ˵ġ
ˮз࣬Լǰ;ǰԼ˳ͻԺıϣĲϹǿѾԼ꣬ûһͻƵļ
֪⹫İɣҳ˲һЩðյ顣ˮĵ΢ЦԼеֻԼס
ˮô˵޺ҲǷµģ
ϻҳôŰԺҵϣ
֮УˮѾվ۷壬Ϊδҫһǣֻˮûϲıעӣʵڿ˾ͽĵɪӣʵˮлһͷ
Ϊʦװδоܲһ٣һ㣡ˮ뵽Ҳе㲻ţԼôᾭ뵽ʦװǸ޵ŮѵΪԷƯΪǸɫ㣿
ˮ˦˦еҵĴԣ뵽ʦװҪ޸˾ͽͲʵԼҪʵʵϲŮҲҪñ˲αԼΪǺãҪʵ
ˮδõԸʱһеݸˮȻôҪ񵤣һж㣬ˮҪס㶼Ҫ񵤣Ȼһ̤죬Һĸ׿ɶϣ̤ġ
޵һȻˮˮһ嶯о̫ѣ߽ܵһЩ˵ܵʱһʱ嶯ܿ·ͼһʱ֮˴ǰ̡
ϾѾ˳˵ˮѾǳˣǸûеԼܣ޺Ҳ˼ʳˮҪҪʲôǸʲô˷ãˮտʼûҪʲôԼҪѡ֪Ҫ񵤣޲֪ǿҪҪ󲻡
ˮӹ⹫ĽеллŤͷǱĺ˵ʲô˵ӣˮоЦǹֱСӡ
үү˰죬ҲûҪʲô
ЦˣСľˣҪͻֱ飬ÿҪʲôһ֪Ҳ⣬ΪѾûҪ¸͵ԼŰСӾˣǾΥıֳˡ
Сӣ֪Ϊ˰ŵ޷ҪŬˣˮĬĬһԵѾﵽʵҪӦҲʵ͵԰һսˣҪսȥսˮóŰԿĵ˵ʵԲҪҲġ
ºˮĵĿŻҽӹԣһƽʱ˫۱ó˾ϲϿһӵĺ
˴ԾȲ׺˵ùãˮ磬ȥӵ档˵ٺЦҲƵˡ
Ȳӣ¿ĵĿԼĶӣСӹƻἸ첻˯˷ܾ
Ǻǣ绹бԼʵ˵𡣡
صˮװŷ񵤵Ľд򿪣򿪺󿴵һɫܷСƿֻаƴСҪʱȴֹˡ
ܴ򿪣ҪһյʱõȻ񵤾ͻʧ
ˮͣ¶һڷŵƿҲ𡣡ˮʵĺ뿴񵤳ʲôӡ
ԣ¿϶˵
ֻܿװ춼Ѿһʮ壬ǰԪڣµյݴ½ȴûУȴֵļһ㣬ˣҼһϽֻͽȥĵط䣬½ϲա
ô֣ȥתתˮҲȥߣϾһмĳƽʱһȥֵط䣬ҲǷʱͻᡣ
ã¸˵ĴӦš
ȥĻֻˮٴ³ʱֺϴβͬܶ˿ˮۿȵĿˮʵǰк
˾Ӷ࣬ǰĲƸһԼڡǮˡһˡ
ˮЦõǣɫŮǰڨˮֲ֪룬ˮֻСףֻС˵иŮ֮ĸ飬ʵС˵ž޴Ĳġ
ΪʲôԼԽһңѾŮԼôھôڣ˵Ǹ˲ҸŮооأǰֻĳӰϿ˲٣ϧһֱûлʵ
ˮ㿴ǱһŮ͵͵ء¿ĵˮˮ˼·ָָǰ˵
ˮһЦˣԭǸֻСѾͷĵǷױģƯޣһ˫Ĵ۾Ŀˮ
ǸŮϧҪȶʮꡣˮЦЦƵСŮЦЦ
صѾǰʱ֣ϦͽȾɵɫˮԺеĳ졣
ˮʳˮӦ顣
Ӧҵģڿ˵˵ȥ˰ɣҵĸ˭ˮ΢Цľƽʵ


47 ˮ
ֹסһеĿɬӿͷĻǻġ
ˮµ齥ƽȴ֪ˮѾ֪߰˰ˡ
ˮҲˣʹ㲻ҲҸʱ㸸׵顣
ĸ཭㸸׽཭ǿļ֮һҵ׼཭Ƕſһļ壬ǾҵϳǴǧ֮ãǸٹ̵Ĵ壬˵һĴڡ
ǻңԶһ㣬ˮûֻǾ֪ĸ׻˵ȥģˮ֪þʲôҲҪʡ
㸸ͬһٮٮߣֱϵ˵￴ˮ΢Цż˵㿴һϳʵĺ񡣡
һ꣬ߵȺɽʱңʶˣһɣϧǼҵĳҺһ˵䲻ˣҳׯҺɻˡ
ڶҺһŮҲ㣬ҲҵʱСѾͷ£Ǵ˼˵ǴȥҴСɻ顣
ǽҵĴ壬λСرϲȴǰԵ֮ҲǾһ飬ңֻҪҺֺаڲƽ£ҾʹӦˣǴСҪףΣû˿˾Եô쾭塣
㸸ôҲӦǾׯ˵ҪЮҵˣµŮҲˣһ䣬̤һͰѺɱ
ҪЮķʽҺ㸸׷ֿˣôҶȥң㸸ҲûׯһΡ
ҸоѾûʱ򣬷ѾУСϣˮȥңҪǿƵǰȥǸСѾͷ֪Ƿڣǲ˵˵ˮߵӡ
ˮ֪Լ֧ĸ׻ȥԸֻû뵽Լи㣬û뵽һ˱ӵֶηֿԼĸ׺͸ס
ˮƯ˫۲ˮȴǿûĨȥ׵᣻Ҽ꣬ӴӦ㣬꣬ԴңΪָ
ᶨӹɣ¿ԵĸܵˮеԹˮơ
ˮҪ棬ҪƽͿ֣ЩΪЩ¸֪ģҪУʲô飬ľͻȥôȥˣȻ޷ǣ˿ڱϾѾˡ
ˮ֪ĸûз£Ϊ˵ˮȥңҪǿƵǰȥʱ¶ľġ
ˮԿ϶ĸһȥңҲҪȥвʣ˵ǿƵǰȥֻǸõԸ
ôȹˣģӴӲ˵󻰣ƭ꣬һңһģӣʱҪֵҪȥңȥҳһ⣬վһһὫ˵ˮĸмȥҳʲô⣬ԱƲ˵
º֣ˮƽ˵վһջὫʱȻˮԺʵԼԼ뷨
һĸף˵Щоɺܶ࣬رǸ˵󣬵ȴĪĻǾˮ˵꣬ĿǿƵ̤
ʵڸʣˮʱ»ӽгҪڣԼûʲôֻǺˮ޷ϰ䣬һˮоת
ˣǿƵǲһϰģڶںһϰҰӣ˵ҵºҲûУⲢʲôϡ⣬Ҵ屾鵭һжϡ
ʱ¾;ˮƽׯȹһˮȢӣԼͻȥңһҪԼǱߵŮǸһֱ˼ˡ
ˮ֪Щ󲿷֣ΪСʱ»ᱧˮ˵һЩȥ£ֻûи飬ֻ˵ԼǱҸϳģҲˮˡˮ֪ϰʱң־һ֮
ÿοϣˮסʹ֪ԼȥֻлȥϣڵõЩиʱˮо컹ǹƽģƴĿ̿ŬҲΪһҡ
ĿˮʵΪԼˡˮ֪ǼУȴҪʱȴ޿ɱ˫ۣԳͷԡ
һлģʲôҪȥ룬ԺЩ齻ӣһ½˶֪ˮ֣ҵĸס


48 ̴
ˮʵĸ׽Щĵ׵˵ֻŻɣôĸÿһʱͻᷢʱ̾ˣ
ںˣĸ˵һͷţԺԼԿĸ׷ֵҪԼĸױ֤Լһȥ˽Թ
ˮȭһֽһȫѨͼֻȭַֻһУڿʲô̶ȾҪ˵ԡ
мһѹ̶Ҫ౴ٽдһ£ϴĳ裬Ϊ˼ţ౴Сħεģˮĸо崿СѾͷȴǹĺܡ
̶౴ǲҲǿԼĴǴĿõģ㰮ôȥ˵УҪŲźã̶ֻܷ߷ߵ뿪¾ݻ´αҪСˡ
ʲôˣ´Σ´ſ¡౴Ĳɵ˵ʱˮ໢ڣ౴Ŀɰģˮоܿġ
ˮµȭ˶Ǻģر֮Ǿȭķʽд裬ǿ˭óʽ࣬Ҷ֪ȭֻһУĶٺйأԴҳϰֱʶѨ໥˭ʹʽࡣ
Ŭ˭ҲΪǸȱ˲ܶеˣΪǸ͵ˡ̶Դ֪౴õսˮ̵ĺˮҲˣÿ涼Ǻüԡ
ˮҪĶ࣬ЩСѾͷһʶˮʶֻǸоԷǸӣȻӺ˾ͽǸ⣬ϾˮǱʶԼ䶨ڶʮҡ
ˮȻŬһ˰ҪÿϿڴ˯ʵˮѾɾֻǻûͻƵļˮĪǰܸС
ŹͺͺĿռ䣬ԼժѾµָС컹Ҫܳʱ䣬ʱֻһꡣ
ٹͿǰȥǣ뷨ɾֲһЩҩݣˮ֪ҩֻҪݴﵽ޼֮
뵽ѵ죬ˮѺܴϣҩϣϣԼгһѧҩ˵һ죬ƾһ֮ĽׯɱģҲǵʱ׺δĸ׷ֿĳ룬һʵϡ
죬һؼĽ׶Σȥһ죬ϧܿȥ֮һϣ˵⡣
뵽Ƿ񵤣ˮʵ¶ԼͻǷãҲðգΪʹһ޷ͻƣ޷죬̤Ҿûһϣˡ
ˮÿ춼ɾﲻͣתϹǿϣͻƵʮıϣҲǽϹǿ
һλˮܸȤˣȶ̨ϷҵĴˣλ̴ٸˮ̾츾һˮңǰ͹̺ˣرǰɽҪ·һΡΡ˺ɡ
֫ϸеǷǷ飬Ƥϸ壬֮ˮԷ䣬ŷ޵Ӽ˫΢һ۹˻ǡ
ˮʱĿˮԿŮеˮһʪ⣬ֳķȻҡ
츾ϲģˮϲޱȡ
ˮǰɣǸĥ͸СһŮȻöо泩
ţǣˮ뻹Ǿ£һ´Ծ΢Ц̬ʵ
ǷҵķأҪ̵ģʱ޵ſʵЦ
̺ãˮɵĽһ
үӺøһɫĺĽǳЦ˵һ仰ˣ
ްѷӭ֪ʲôԭסˮһȥˮͻȻϮһ㣬һѣϡͿĸ˽ȥ֪غЦĿһˮź߱úĿ
ˮоص壬ˮ㿡ݵϸоѪ͵͵ŷأ֪һ㡣
ֻǵԼǸһ㣡
ˮ࣬ŷϵζٴֹﲻ֪ÿϱǸڡ
ˮоԼаӶǰĳӰеľԼͷŵӰĻ棬ƣ
ֱ˿ˮѹַȻԼһİϲȻŮ֮ϲ
ˮĬߣΪԼŸղŵ뷨
̸̸ӵ飬⼸һֱһͦϵģǰ¶㿴Σ
ˮ֪ӱԵĸŮӣӣǳһԵ


49 صķ
ʵڱȶ̨˫˿ӺͷĶԻ͸оϷڱȶ̨޺ͷصͷʾʾ
ȶ󣬱ƽʱһ꣬Դӷҹһκ˫һ¾Ⱥ⼸˼һд裬ͲΪ֪ݹһ֪밮ĺ
رǷҿˮıֺ͸ӾȻĶˮ˭֪һ˵õȮ죬ҷˣһԿɡ
Էϣ㽫¶
ãã¾˵ˣҾ཭ƸţȻǰӶЦǺǵ˵
үˬ죬Сһ￪ˡ΢Ц˵ţֱʱɿˮ֡
⹫ӸҪɻˡˮе㾪ȸǿĵ˵ҵʼ̨
ǰд󵱻顢Ů󵱼ޣӸ綼Ѷʮѧעߵ̫ԶӦóɼҵżˡ΢Цſʲôź˵
ǺǣˮôֳҲȢ˲ɣҪֻ̰ܸǲ֪ǼҴСк˼޸㡣ǳЦ˵ʵֻȤк
˾ῴصСžţ˽쾭壬Ů͸ƽ⣬۹ˮ⣬ֻǲᵽ
޶ĵҲͣͷԾܿɹׯҲŵǰ֪ǴؾǾ֮ϵķˡ
ˮᵽ£ˮоԼԶ˵ڲῼǣҲҪ˳ܴһŻῼǣ֮ǰԼһ׷ʵΪȥ׷κŮˣκŮ̸Ů֮顣
̣һСڲЩˮǺе㺩ЦЦˮжԼֶеģǰǰ֪Լһٸǰװһᱻġ
ò˵ˮԸ˫״̬Уĺͱʱܲͬû˵ʱ˵ֻ⼸ׯ̫õӡ󣬵ȻǱȶˮǰǰһжѾŵ㣬˵ɽ˵Ŀģ
ˮоԺʵŰһ¶Ϊ룬ȥʵһҪŰһΣԼʵԺ󣬷ûʲôıûǣϽֵϷС椻ٸһĳװƵҴүǿĻҲǲѡ
ˮ֪ĿҲҪԺ飬ΪԼǰиҡ
ǺǣؿˮЦ˵ˮصЦݸоеˮΪۻˣգգۺȷģôɰеĶŮϱֳ
ذ鶨º뿪ˣ߻˵ˮûȥң˵ԺҶ߶߶
ˮŮ˿Ǹ˲¹ͷɲҪ˵ǳĪ˵һͲ˵ˡ
ˮо⹫л⹫֪˵ֻԼһ£ˮ֪Ȥûʡ
죬ˮȻǺйɵһ˭ܶ඼ǰˮ̸ʲôģϣˮָһ»͸¶һ㾭顣
ȥˣˮĸǰǣϵ⹫ֵܶϣˮ£ϣˮŬˮ鲻ı䣬ԼԼѾϰߵĻѻ˵
ǰȥǵĳڰֵ궼ûл򸾣»ӡɽʯˮǰǡ
Ժ໢ҲǰȥֹˣǸź֣а̾ˮѾҵĹضˣⶼʵǵĻ˵ԼЦˡ
ǰǼһ˫񳵣ˮʦװʨ˸һЩȻҲ뵽λװƱ˾ͽҵү
ǰֻһ··ֻʻɽ·ǺܺߣǴҪʱʱ䡣
ߵĸɽ£Ȼʲô׳ۣվĵλǧٹֵʯͷҲˮĿʣţʵһҪھݴ½¾ܶ㼣
·ϸ·ĵ飬˶һһĴʱ䣬ˮɽʯҲϤˡ
ͬһֱϵݣʲôʱǰײͬݹϵԭ򣬺ܿϤޱˡ
رʯӵĶӣСͷǳϲȻֻܿ̿࣬ʵͣʿļܺˮһˮһ£һֱˮĽţϣˮָָ
ˮԸıܵǺͣ϶һֱȥˮ֪ʯִžʮͷţҲȻעûʲôǰ;Բɥûʧȥġ
һ͵ˣ˴ȥݺ¥Զٺõģ


50 İ
ˮĸ׿ĵӣ˵Ĵȥݺ¥Զٺõģݺ¥Ӧڰںܺõľ¥ɡ
ܿͿԿԶߴĳǽ˳Ÿʱˮźúôһǰֻепĳǽ
ǽʮ׶ߣӳǿԿҲʮ׺ˮ̾ǽˣӲʯĥɣÿһʯǧ֮ޣߴĳǽϿһ˿ʯ֮ķ϶
ǽʦˮΪԼԺڽļأֻûпѡ
ǵĳ׸ߣȴʮ׶ڵſޱȡ
Ǵÿ쿪ʱҪʮ˲ƿ¿ˮž޴ĳſ֪ˮӦǾ̾źܴɡ
ſվʮͳһĻɫǳýֳ
ʮĺӸŵ·ˣÿ·ŵ˶ҪһͭĹѣӱ̳ٷ
ֵܿˮû뵽ʮĺӿֱÿɻ󣺡ôǵǮء
Ц˵ȻʲôңڰҲͷģϾүү˧۷򣬶Ҳڳ˧ʮ԰ǼһҪҼֱġ
߹ţһˮ۾һӦرĽֵʮ׿ӣȻȫôʯ̳ɣƽޱȣһͷ
һССİǾȻ׳ۣǽôʯ̳ɵĵҪķѶǮƺ˹·ߵĲׯصľ¥ʹԺÿֵǲС
ֵߵ̡̻ȺæģĽֵϸָб޻ҰŵĸָĻ
ˮĿϾĸоĵĿһУʲôо棬ر߾ĸޡ
һʲôô󣿡ˮָһǰţСĺɫޣǸ˶Դţͷ졣
ǻţ𿴿ͷ󣬿Ը˳ٶȲ첻ޱȣҲǺܺãţǲѡڳԾġ¿ˮʲô˷ܣֻҪˮʲô΢Ц˵
ƽĽֵ߹հ˹յһӷĽֵϣˮоǰǵһ㣬ߵסլߵܶ࣬࣬Ȼڴ½ߵмǹ޻޵ġ
һլǰͣ£ˮһſϷĸ֣ҩУԼҵĲҵ
ˮ̧ͷߵĴ¥ɣػȴʧۣо̸аȫС
ߣȥԺҪסˡ
ˮɽʯڸ׳۵һһȥˮ۾һùԶһĳأаװɣڰشռôĵطһеʵģȻаǣˮ֪ȴǲ°˰ߵ£ˮоݴ½̫ˣҲǳ࣬ڰռôĵطǷֲġ
ضи԰ӣˮųף԰ò˸ߵʯǽΧţһۿԿͷģ
׵ҩ԰ʮĶأ˺ܶˮԾ߽ҩ԰ֲͬҩĿˮɣȴǸ֡
ˮ˵ĿʤҩģƷҲܶ࣬ɲݡɻӡϢ㡢ظǲΡϾľ
Ȼҩ԰Žаҩ԰ΪˮΧǽһԾ֡
ˮ㹺һҩ磬²ô鷳ˣȻݶޣȴƷֺܶ࣬ˮгϲãԼɾôͺͺˡ
ڰҩ԰æµţֻڰβݻֲʲôˮҵˣӦ򹤵ģҩеԱǺܶ࣬һŲֿ⣬ҩݣֻͨҩ⡣
ˮĵĽܿĵطתһ飡
ˮ̤ǵĵһʼ˷ܣԭķΪҲǱׯطѣһԼˣش
ǵһ˲䣬ˮ·ؼ䣬ط·˺ö࣬ĸָˣΰĽˮĴӼľ
ˮ
˽Уˮͷ΢ЦվڲԶ
ˣطׯˡˮЦߵߡ
İ˾ͽǸ˾ͽˣ


51 ݺӵŮ
ˣ˭˵ģˮ֪Ӧǲ֪ģԼ켸ǰҲû˸˵µġ
Щļ嶼֪ˣЩŵһһֱҪȥһسӡ
ˮЦˣֻһ𣬻ûôȻˮôԴظ̬Ҳ˵׼Լ˭֪ԼǸء
ˡˮЦǺǵʵˮ֪Լһˣʵص㡣
˵ʵҶ֪ԼŻǲţֻȺǮүСǸ˾ͽͷѰǵˣҸоӦġŴʱˮоСе㲻һô˵أŵĸо
Ǻǣ㣬СİǸܵɪļһˡˮҳһֱǳʵµĺӣ˵Ļȴվ˵ۡ
֣û˵ʲôܿǿĵЦݲϣߣ֪ҪѾݺ¥λãһȥԶٺõġ
ҩ˲࣬һֻʣµĶҵĻƣʱֻڣƽʱҲڣˮɽʯҲˡ
ʯĶӣ򸾿ˣҲ֪ǿĻǵǣ˵ѧûǰ;һžҲ
ݺ¥ҲشҩҲ̫Զ˾ͲǰȥҲ÷ˮ⣬·˳ԿֵĴʲô⣬ҪĿԿǵŮô
չ꣬ʵ䣬ˮɽʯҲǴų£ˮرüǳɫɰˮϢȴһ˿ĻȣЦмˮԸû䣬ֻǺǰԽԽӽ
ˮһ·ϺɽʯʱĿĸˮҲŮּʹڰôشŮҲһץһѵģʱУ˹¡
ˮ˰֪ƯŮˡԬӱˮʱĿЩĻ𱬵ŮŮ̲סЦ
ĸƯĶģǷ羰ҲҲã𡣡ˮͷװһӡ
ͣ޵Ǻ˼Ůܱõɡ
ˮһһٸһŮˣķǡôȲȴַ˫޳ֱرǴȻԲʵβͦȻȴʴ֫ϸϸˮ뵽֡
̲ͦΡΡȴûһ´Ӱ޳ԵرԸУˮһŮ˿һۺͻϿǰŮ˺ƯǰŮ˾ͷҪ˭ˮϲ㡢ŮŮŮ񡭡ˮٸտʼֻǸоٿȻ꣬Ҫˮݺܶׯ䣬СԸе΢΢
Сһ֪ҿɲԳΪ羰ۣŮǳЦ˵
֮һķ羰ߣˮ˵
ˮĻǵŮһЦǴԵĺˮģ
С㣬ҶˮСˡ¿ĵǸŮ˵졣
ˮŶ㰡˵˾ͽǸܼԭǱˣúáΪСƯŮЦǺǵ˵ˮգգ۾رɰ
ˮҲû뵽Լ˾ͽô죬ȻŮҲ֪ţݺ¥ŮݣĪ¥ġ
ߣ׼ˣǣ͵Ϊǽӷ硣ŮºԬӱǰ档
ˮʱ̧ͷԭѾˣһҩпҪһ㣬Ҫľ¥
Ϸɷдšݺ¥֣ΰ¥ָƻֺ̤꣬ݺ¥иǸоĲá
װƻֺ֮⣬ųϵϸ壬Ȼ䣬Ķݺ¥ڲǲСˮﻨ¶ȸάů紺һ㡣
¥ӪҲǱĲãͳһɫŮӣиǲŮͳһŮ͹ߵķװ䵱̣ȴֹǺܶ¥õķȻ棬Ƿ³
ɴ˿ɼﲻǰѰ˼ѵˣǸеʵ˲٣ּ˿ڵĺЩ߶Ľ߰ѵסƵ͡
õλ߲㣬Խྰ۾۵ףǺٶ⿪ŵģһʻе¥ȥмǾͥ͢Ժ㡣
ˮں濴¥ĲٿǰŮӵΣرΣˮںҪ̨ףĸٸˮǰһ㣬ˮǷΰĺۼˮ޲ýĹɹ֮С
ܿ쵽ݺ¥Ķ㣬õĿһ䣬⿴ȥҰԶԶĳǽ
ÿ˶ϣվڸߴˮվڴڿ¥ȺǵӰǶôСеĿ¥¥ҪʹԴԼֻ΢΢ͷ
Ů뿪ʱˮ֪Ůӽݺӣݺ¥ϰ壬ǰݼҵˡ


52 ҩ԰ˮ
뿪ݺ¥ʱˮݺӸ¶ˮƣʱݺӺȻŤˮ΢Ц˵Ժˮݺ¥ѣǰԼݺ¥ʱ
ЦЦĶӣ֪رḻ粻֪ô룬ˮʵŤʱֻǾǸоԼһ˱һŮϷܱŤҲ֪ݺӿֻǵǸӡ
صҩУˮһֱôɾֲҩԽԽãһǰգˮ޲ھȥҩ԰ЩҩֱӰεƳȥ
ףȥҩ԰ҩж֡ˮʵϾԼֲҩݵĵط̫⡣
һǧٶְɣ𿴶ЩͨҩģǺܴġҲ˵Ƕҩ԰ҩ൱Ϥ
ҩ԰ҩôǳ죬Ժô죬ȻôֲˮĸôϤҩ԰Ӧûٹ˵Լҩ߻ӣҵ
ҩݺ֣ܶԷʽҲһ󲿷һ꣬ʮ£Ϊ¶ʮЧһĶһеڲҶһҩݣֻҶȻɹɺͿҩҲеǿģջֱӸһʱٳµӣҩݳǿԽӵġ
˵ſˮкɻˮҲ֪Լʵô޴ΪЩڡֲҩжҪأĶҩݵӡءڡҩԡ
ǺǣͿˣͻȻôûˮͷɵЦš
ҲǿŶӵĺоЦ
ԺѰҩ԰ҴòãҲһЩ֪ʶģǿԼලšˮֻ뵽İ취
ԴӦ㣬ʵҩ԰ҲǶæģԼеĲҩ⣬Ҫȥǽϡеȵطռ¼򵥵Ľ£˵ˮ
û£ˮʱ䶼ҩ԰ϣСⷽԲײҩ԰ǽʮĶصĴСҩеҩǱ˻ߣеȴָֻôߣһƬƬĲβ룬ȴŲЭ
ʱˮġֲҩ˺ܴãˮҩԺص㣬࿴һƬҩݺ󣬾ͻὫһֲɾеľѩ֣۶һЩֽ֦ȥ
һʱ䣬ˮڰҩ԰תתȥˮԾľǷһƬ˲κ֥ʮƽ״Сֻݹ굽꣬ЩҪˮҪľҩ硣
һʱ䣬ˮΪ˲ñ˿ԼĶԶǷɢõÿֻŪ꣬Ϊ̫࣬ˮɾһɫأˮֲҪȫȻܵԲͬཫɾʱڼܣûƷ־ͨҩݴ档
ֿ￴ˮ뷨Ϊˮ뵽ҩӣ
߳ҩ԰ҩ԰һż̹žɵƽˮ֪ǷЩժõķҩֿ⣬ƿزţȥԺ澹ȻͨܺãСӵ촰
һļӣܷĴӺʹӣװĶǰɵҩҶ
ЩûȫɹɵҩݣӦȫ˵ġˮżӵмȱ߱߿ߵİڷŵҩݣĶǿԳۣȻ΢ӹͿҩ
ˮһֱǰߣֿʵʮ׵һƽˮߵʱ־Ȼһɵҩӡ
ˮ治٣װӵҩСɣϰٿͬӣС죬ɫҲɫ
ǰߵӡҶӡ׺֥ӣˮϳָղûҩ԰ɵľץһɾ
ˮҪӼÿﶼץһСȻɾˣһУˮо̤ʵˣϾһ첻ı͸о
ҩпƺܸʵҲ㣬סˣһҩ꣬ƽʱԬӱ̨ҩ߹򣬵ȻҪȥԼҩݣȱҩݡ
ϣˮ¥Լһ䣬ʼÿĹΣɾʱʱ


53 ֱˣ
һɾˮ̷֣ҩڶѾС磬ɫġɫġɫġɫͦƯģñͺͺɾڿ
ѾһƬҩݵɾˮƵߵмֱԼʮ׵ˮرߣˮо֣֪ܳЩ಻ܣϴݺ¥ԵϺϱֱ̫ζˡ
ϱǴ󲹣˵ֻǲ֪ݺŪϱǸ˭ѵˮŴۣҡҡͷֿʼ²⣬˭ݺǸޱȵŮ
̫аˣû뵽˿Ƴʵ֣ԭ˲¶࣬ھĸԬӱƤ»͵͵
ˮԽԽпܣˮǿ˺ȵϱ࣬ԼȻȵĲ٣ˮҲΪݺӶԼ˼˵ˮǾϱܺúȣȻкŮ˶ûУ󲹵Ķ
ˮʲôķŽˮԣ뻹ˣ
Ȳţлһоˡ
ϥתϹǿԼһжϹǿΪݣֻϹǿгɣδ·ŻߵĸԶ
һ졢졭ʱһһȥˣˮʹʮıϣȴ˿ûɶļ
ˣǲУһƵϣ̾ˮվüͷ壬ʱɾİٱʱ˵һֻʱҲ൱ʵʮ컹ࡣ
ɾȻ޷ͻƣоǰδеĴܸкľɥͻϹǿԼȻµһ棬˵ңڰǵļԼǲ⹫Ǻ۷˧ʮȴȻֻׯ
Ĵ̽ѾСгɾͣˮԼоΪҪ߶ʱ޷ˮϰ㡱ڿ׼ݵĻϽȫڽϡ
˵ȴǼޱȣˮȻʹǰѽѾյù⻬ľ˼һӳһȻҡҡͷ˼ٳ
ڶһˮ׼ʱ𴲴£㲻ҲҪ糿Ŀһ֮ڳĿĪĺô
մӶ¥ͷԺѾиӰ׾ϰԼȭ
ףȻô̿࣡ˮһʯ츳ȻҪŬҲǲȱ٣ֻʯ̫ˡ
ʯô磡ˮЦǺǵĴк
ǺǣˮҲ磬ûұȽϱԾҪȱ˻ʱܲ׾𡣡ʯǺЦţֹۣһЦǳʵֵӺһޡ
ˮʯȭ©ٳͺȻľơͷ㡭
ǰиϷ˵¹ʶ֪¿ΪʦҲԽ̵ָͬʱҲǿһġ
мˮǸʯιУʵһ㣬ܿ죬ʯѡ
緹ǴһԵģֻˣһҲһ㣬˺ܿɿڣ˵ݺ¥⣬ͥСҲСұŮһ㣬ԽԽζ
ˮյǣͺɽʯתתҲôæرˮһúȥ֣ϤϤΡ֪ˮ˾ͽҵǸ˾ͽ򵹺ĲѣׯҲ֪ˣˮЩ˻֪ôء
ţðҲд⣬ׯˣǷֶˡˮ΢Ц˵
극߳ҩУæµȺʱŸͷɳ۶ˮϲЩֵޡߴ͵ޣˮ֪ǿѱʦˮҲһԼѱһޣ½ǿε
߽Ķǧٹ֣ˮ˳ʱ¸ˮһŰƱȻǴǮҲˣϾݺ¥һҲǮһ˵Ļ
ˮɽʯŽֵЩ̯λϳ۵Ʒ߿ߣ󲿷ˮֶԼûʲôãͲ֪ʲô
ͻȻһڵϰһ̯λС˿һ㣬ܺãر˫۾ˮ֮Կ˵̯λΪǱ߿յûһ˹ˡ
ǰ̯λֻƷһӤֱ۴Сĺɫ֦һڲʯ飬ˮƣǿֳֺĶ
˺ֻܶ࣬ǿһ۾뿪ͣͣһ£ˮͶĶ˼ңʲôô
۾ˮûΪˮ̯λоһȻ󿴿ϵƷҲ֪ѾʮˣɿݶһֱʪģɫʯһĶֻ֪Ӳޱȣ޷
ˮһĪԼǰС˵һԵˣžԳЦˣôģǿʯͷôӲԼǿ¡
˼ңҿϸ𡣡ˮ񿴿ǸʯһĶǲ˵Ӳ
Сֵ㿴˵һ䡣
ĹǸһ˲ˮоǿҪľˮܵϻǿҵϢɾ̳ˮϢһˮ֪Ǻöȴ֪ʲô
ˮǿɫʯ飬ɫסҪ֪ˮһգһҲյıճࡣ
ʯȴû˿仯ˮһΪˮ뵽һֶֻǲ²⡣
Ӳٱ֮


54 ǵս
ĻԼɾԵˣˮϴܷŹǮû˿˿ɾͱҵˡ
˼ңôˮºͲڷϻֱʼȻˡ
֦˳۰ʮûڱƲѣСҪĻʮʯҲһ͡
ˮֱӸǮɽʯڲԶ˵Ӧ̸ǮˮȴѸٵӽɾ
һתʣ¶ʮˮڸûǮĸŲǷˮоֵʮǧ
ߵɽʯߣԭһ壬ˮ񣬿ɽ۵ԣƻϰ΢ЦĿɽ
λС磬ϵȵĸ̣㿴ɫԡģϰ΢Ц˵һҲ㲻ӡ
̲飬ˮоϰжȣЦݿס̸¸С֮С
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ˮȻ񣬵֪ʮ򵽵ӦòǺܺõĻɫʯĩȵһ֡
ʮôôǱ߸տһ̯λ⼸һһ˼ҲʮȥһٻΡʯȵ˵̲ϵ
ģԶԶһһɽȻˣˮ۲ϰе㼱ٵڵ´˴ֺ֪Ϸ
Զľһ⿴ģǱ߻һС⡣
ţл˵ʯǳ١ϰ忴ɽҪ̾޸ղг
ˮ֪۾ݶͿɽرϲͶﶼһˮһֻ֣ҪһҶʲô˵
ʮټǸСʨӰɡˮ˵ָָ۸оеƾɵСʨӣˮԴЩƾɵĶܸȤ
ϰ廹ȡһ£ɿˮᶨˬĳɽˡ
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ǺǣһϰһṆ̀Ҿǻǲǣû뵽̲鰡
ˮһŪǸСʨӣһߺɽʯŽֵǰȥ
˰ˮҲûпСʨʲô֮ͬҲˣôıԼء
ɽһֱ壬֣ˮҲ֪ı⡣
ǹյһֵĽֵߵĵͥУֵиǽֹ·ˮ·ߵĲꡢεꡢ꣡
ţ߽꣬ȥˮͷԱȽϺȥ
̲һҪǳƷģҪǶʲôԭϡ״ȵȣҪ˵ǰ
ˮҲһʱȥҺ꣬һȥӳľĿӦоУǹᡢޡ桢ꪡﵡ˫
ˮ²ʮ֣Ҳǧٹ֣˵֮ʮˮʱܵһ񶾵۹⿴Լˮ֪Ŀⲻǰϰ壬Ϊλá
ˮüͷȥ٣ԩҲͷֻ˾ͽŹպ꣬ǵ񶾵˾ͽˮһ￴Լӡ̣һӰϳԼ
ˮĸܵ˾ͽŭ⣬ϾԼ澡ʧڰ̧ͷ
ˮɨ˾ͽߵļһƤҵǲرüİڰǶͷӵܡ
û뵽Ȼǣһ׼ȥׯأµǲô鷳ˡ˾ͽˮǰҲûеڱȶ̨ôݣˮûôݵװˡ
ǽܵǸСӣһ԰ƲƲ첻мʵ
ˮǸӣҲڶʮӣ֪Ϊʲôˮᡣ
ۣȺ֣ȺΪǵӵܻǳζͶһȺڴµһ䡣
ֻû뵽СܴһСľͱ͵Ϯɹ˾ͽ޺޵˵ܱ棬ˮо⺢˵һ
仰˵ˮЦˮߵʯȴ޼ɵЦˣˮһοʯʵĺҲôˬЦ
Цʯм˵͵ϮҲ˵ĳڣˮǹУȻһнܵģŶ˵ˣֱӰˡ
ˮЦˣû뵽ʵʯҲṥ֮һ仰˾ͽҪɣ
Ҫս˾ͽĿˮ˫۶ѪɫһͷĹţһ㣡


55 Сĸɷһ
ˮѾҪ˾ͽ֪󣬼Ȼôŭڽͺˡ
սǲǸ˶Ҫսǻܷˮ˾ͽɨһȦм˵
ȺеС˵ˮûκκøУȻжʵܲģеҩĳɷֺܸߣ˧µʿ佫ڣҩǺܴģΪͼҩʦĵҩ˧˧ϵʵѾû˿á
ˮۿ⼸꣬Ŷڶʮʮһק˸оƣһ
ǵһЩϰ꣬ˣˮɲſľЩ۸ڶԴ
㡢㡢㡭˾ͽˮĻùǺܹ裡
ৣҪս㣡˾ͽγ彣֣ص˵
ˮüͷ𣬾ݴ½иأһ˰νսֻѡһǽսмԸ䣡
ˮյǾͳͷڸԼ鷳˵ԼоһʵϿڰǺߡ
Իܾ裬ӮսͬûѹˮһͷһҲųɱĶ
䣬ˮҲģ˵ɷ򲻾СᣬǰﻹǸ벻ˮķۡ
Լôϲҳȫ㣬ңˮüЩֻǸţԸ˾ǽǵİ׵Ĵݿ塣
Сӿţ㵽вСһȥʱǸΪʵ
ϴο֣̫ˣСӰˣһҪ֪Ƕô֪СҪԶ̧ͷǲ˿Դĵط˾ͽҧݺݵ˵
ˮǵĻûидްɣֻ޴ˮÿһѶܹҿܻ
ݴ½ѵôˮһȦֻһľˣһѰɣռǰϰеġ㡯ϹǿѾҪˡˮ롣
ϰľ𣿡ˮǰѱʮľܾϸͬʱܶغûнкͷĽ⣬ӦװƷƽʱˢˢǸӵߡ
Ǵʦۣϰ浽΢Ц˵Ӳ΢Цͱ˻Ǹоȡ
ˮǰѺصľʱ˾ͽһ˾ȵĿˮر˾ͽýֶڲ
ááá˵ú嶼ڲǱˮòᡣ
ˮһ룬ԭԼˣԭԼһֳ裬ˮҲԣԼϵǮû뵽ҲܰѶԷĶ£֪ԼҸֵ֦ˣֱӽʡ鷳
֪ӡ
ˮٴ˽ӣҲûʲôдֻǸоһƤңĻĳҲǿԣѵΪԼׯĲŽԼӡ
ˮѾֽվڵ֮Уˮ·磬ȻҲΧ۵ģݴ½ʢУһԲϰε鲢ϡҴҶǳЩѪȺӡ
һ˾ͽСĵ̧տɫıղսʱѾʣ⣬ɢ˷ϢΧĿ¶ȶ·
ǺҪСˣ˾ͽ˵͵һֿͣмֱ۸νˮǰ˵·ס
ˮϰ֮һʮ꣬ʮֻһ°ΣڸһҲԻˡ
ȻҪͳ״ɣϰϰĴεĽһ̳ûκεĻɷ֣еľһ죬쵽һֲ˼ĳɷ֡
ˮƽһȴ貵ǹһ㣬ˮҲ˾ͽɱڵһΪˮ֪һԼϵĹ㹻Լͱʮϰٽˡ
ॣˮһ˾ͽش쵽ʯǷ׼ݺûмʮǲܵġ
˾ͽǲţûΣǾ㱵վˮôЦЦĿ
Լһ֮УΪԲѴ֮ԷܣԷȴһġһ˾ͽͻȻҵĸо
СõľȻǡǰɣһʲôʱôˣҲôʹá֪˭ع˱˾ֿھ˷ܵ¡
СһˣǸʢԾ󷴶νѸٵֲ̤֮ˮбһ
ˮԼĽ⺬δ֪ԷкУʱ˻Уˮˮ翴ļһﲻˬˡ
ˮһڽ߹ǲʱеĽȴٴһ㣬ˮϰԴӲͬλ¯࣡
ž
ǸֱιȥˮһڶԷԴϣˮҪĻƾٶȺǿµҲֻǾ֮Ͷѡ
ҲǱˮҲΧ˵Ŀĳʣµļһȴóˮɱ
ˮԷľٶǲչеľһȴžŵµӰ


56 ʦװ
ˮĿɿڴ˾ͽЦЦµϺ˵һȺεˡ
˾ͽԱĿɬԼȺѣرʦҵʦҢѾ佫弶ԼջصǺԼĲҰܣرǱׯµط˸ܵľͷ߷߲ƽĴԼͷԼѰǵˣһһΣԼˡ
ˣһ˶˸оңҩʦһرбԼͬ˺󣬾͸оʵˣ
ʱϺܶ˶ǹˮɲ뱻˵ɺӱۿɽʯк׼뿪ŤͷͿһˮԺֵŮӡ
ʦװ
ȻһİȹϾһ˫޵ӵĿˮһ仰Ҳ˵ôĿ
˿ˮԼܿ죬ܼ٣ǰļĿ⿴еĻң˵ҲǸ磬֪ʶʱϿò٣ʵϾͬһǰЩƯֵľɫŮһգգĿţˮԼԼš
ãּˣϴׯǸǸˡˮͷе㽩ӲЦݶǿЦ˵
ʦװľԸеĺ촽΢΢һ֣һ˿ܵܵ΢Цˮо⺮Ķһů⣬˴ﵽůġ
ߣʦװȻŤͷ뿪
˾ͽиǸӣСµ״ͷβûпԼһۡ
ˮһȻͿɽʯٺһЦЦһ֪ˮҲû뵽ҲķЦֱ뿪ˮεתʦװ׷ȥ
ˮʦװ֣Ǳʶˮָ߰Ůӣȴֲ˵ദĻᣬһˮо̬ȾʵԼδ򶼲ۿһۣܺԼ˵ԼǺܻӭˮԼοʦװڿĿһλ㣡
ˮ߼ʦװʱûп˾ͽǵԹ޶񶾵Ŀ⡣ҧֹŮһһᵱŪ
ˮʦװһţ֪ˮǹ⻹⣬˵ļܽԶǼ翿żġ
ʦװü壬ĿߵˮСüĿ㣬һζر峺ͰЩȻһС¶аĿر
۾رÿ˺뿴ĸоüëʱӢĽüƽӺֱͦ촽΢΢΢°䳰ŪŻǸ˳۵СӡʦװԾš
عʦװߵԼһ䣺Լʲôʱӹ׵עһ˵òˣһһԼСüСƺ
װ㣬ʲô𣿡ˮ˵󣬲ŷֲ֪ôһſھͺһ˶оĳƺرðϾׯȻûô˵ϵҲӦúһ㡣
ʦװһٴŤͷԼĽкнƽоеΪģ˿ˮĬĬһ㡣
֪֪㴳ˡʦװˮҹ˺üһԱȽ徻Ľֵ
ˮֵķЦߴ󲿷ֶһԶŮҵĺܣеӻĽĿԼ̰ĿʦװˮΪʲô˶¡
ˮ֪ǰ˽ֹƾͲΪô¸е֣ӦΪʦװΪʲôԼˡ
ô˵ѵΪǼˮЦЦоʦװʳǾ仰ڹһˮůޱȡ
ǵǷ֪÷ﶼʲô𣿡ʦװ˵ҲǸоˮ˵Ȥֳһ˿΢Ц⣬ŵЦˮоǹҵһƤɫ־ޣ
ˮû˵ֻǳĬĿʦװΪ֪Լġ
˾ͽ˾ͽҵ֪ʣµļһҶʦҢһҵСүŶˣҲƺ˾ͽһĴ壬б£ǵĵһγ־Ͱҵӵܶˡ
ˮҲû뵽ԼоȻʦװĶ磬ΪһȺ˾ͽĸ࣬ʦװûΪԼʲô
Ȼ㽫Щ˴򵹣֪Щ˲ǼĶ棬һȺѣϲĵΣҶ˵ɣȻѾ佫弶Σżĳ谮͵ҩİû˽ֵľ飬˵ˣ˵𲻵͵һʵսḻ佫һҲܽŵʦװˮգ˵
㣬ڹһҵأ


57 ѧô
˿̵ˮܿģҲƽʱˮҲ˵ĻˮԼԼɫôģΪеָо
ʦװҲǺ֣ǼֱϵСһӣһΨһһŮӣʦҵ飬Сڸĸֳ۰³󣬲ܼ˭竲ϽĶҲǶǻ۰мӣͻȻиô᲻к㣬֡
ΪԸ䣬ʹϵıСŮҲû˺ģк͸˵Ȼи˻Ǹӣ˵С㵫ϾҲǳˣһʱо档
ˣƤˣҶ綼ˣһûأʦװԼ֣СƺռԼˣԼȻûСŮһһ䣬˵Լое㲻Ȼ
ˮʦװ˲Ϊһ˿飬ĿˮˮĲ˵͵͵ĿǰļˣյˮĿǰƯŮӣһ˫īȴޱȵȥĸоȻ˸о䵭һȹ־ޡ
ЩʵֻһЩǼɫģЩҲǴ˰ǵԺ½ϵҪֱҪػԶҪء
ˮҲǸо鷳պͣŽսһһǺ鷳ȻտʼˮѾϵЩû룬ڼȻ鷳Ѿ£ǾҪԣˮڡ
㣬֪ЩӵΪǿļ˭ʲôʵˮ֪ԷһҪֻ棬һ᲻ϵԼս֪ʵǿˣԼиҲͲô֪ô
㵹ǺֹۣʳĻԼǺţʵͦǿģ治֪ССôģǿе˾ͽҵ˾ͽҺҵˣʮͷͷֱ˧ʦװЦˮ˵
ʦװоһЦıȹȥһЦĻ࣬ԼԾ͵͵ԼоֻǱһ˳۵ˣֻǸк
ʦװĻˮµǵģʵˮ֮УҲܳܵסϾҵӱΪҵţµҲʵˮԼоܽ˧ս
ллЩԺЦЦЦʱĺе񣡡ˮ΢Ц˵Ŀüĵɫɰ˺
Сƺִ򰡣˵ʦװǳЦһ£ˮĴһ£һζһСŮ̬
ˮܿĵ򵹣һҲ۷ŵܰ΢Цоرģ˿ĵŮ֣һĻŮˣǺ׵Ŀ˿ġ
ǿɰŮˣŮɰ˸оɰŮ˼ŮɰŮҲǺ˿ĵġŮ˰ɰֻˣʦװǻŮӣɰһһ˷
ǳˣСƺסԺҪҵˡˮɫ͵ʦװ˵˵
ҪѧôߣŮˣƯŮˣҪպõôߵĶȣȻֻᡣ
ˣҪˣΪ֮ɣСˣ˵һЦЦˮǻħþòɢȥ
̫ˣҵģˮһֻͷرǿңһֱȻڱúܲˮ֪ԼѾ
ܶ࣬ǮȨơŮˡܶ࣬ʵϽĶһ˱֧䣬ǽٲ֮أܻø³
㣬û¿ҩңҿԶ㿪ĵġˮҪߵʦװǲʩˮᣬ˵һ׼˺óʱĻ
ҲʦװˮеϣʹĵףȥıӰһֻĻ
ˮҩȥ֪ȻѾ磬ˮϵҩʱĸסԼĸɽʯڣˮŹһ㡣
ˮá˾ͽ˴ˣ


58 ˾ͽҵ
¿е㾪ȵĿˮʵϾˮ򵹵ǼԻ˽һЩǸоܽΪһĸ׿رǶʱοģҲԺġ
ţʵſõĺöģˮ˵ϾҲʵ
ˮôģ򵹵ǸʦҢһ֪ģҲǲʵˡüͷɻʵ
ʵҲûʲôؾҾǽеһ̽ʽϰϰΣĥΣԵ̽һУһϰϰӦҲˮоûбҪκˣΪӻʱĲࡣ
¾ɽʯڶˣʮĥһ˶֪һ򵥵ĽʽϰϰΣʲôҪжҪܶļį˿ˮ۹
΢ЦˮԴȴǸ֮ӸľϲԽԽ࣬ˮԽԽеأͬʱҲ̵ˮǸˡ
ӺܴܳԿ໹ŷǷԺͷӦòʲô£ÿɴµ˲ҪܳԳ˲ܳԵĿ໹Ҫܼį
⼸˿ĵ죬ʱ˵˵ǵȤ£Ǣǰȥкǰҩǡ
ĳһķڣ
һװĿһĴϣһŮԡھװı
ŮһͷĺڷƤ𪣬ĲСɵĶرƯǷ裬βԲ̣ͦϸ˫޳СָϾװӵƨʱ
Ȼ¶ҰԵһҲ¶Сгһĳȣµֵȴһſһӳ۾ʹĹâһš
סӴŤĿ˻Ƶĵͺ
ŮָסССһ㣬ſԸеĺ촽һںסС񳲶ŮӵСУһѳŮӵԡ¶ŮӰ毺õģָֻʹ֣ţһŮӰһɫָۡ
Ůص֪ʹ໹Ǵ̼ĲŮ̧ͷ꽫еĶСཫӵСɾĵӣȴһƴƯСϡ
ɧſ£ĽУҪ˵꣬װӿʼ¡
ŮһѪǹԹԵſ£ǻԲ̵ͦβ߸Сд
װӶߵĳŮʹǸ߸¶صؿҲһۣôŮӣֻŮһһĽţ˴澭һо꣬оһ
дŮ˲ǺŮˣ
ʱȥʱʱ䣬Ůӵ˻ƣȴŸ˻ƵĴԣѪڣֹŮ˵Ľ󣬿˳ȥ
ȣ¥ݣǸĺԺ䣬뵱ݻȴȫǺɫ̺ʺϽݲؽ
Ӹߵ˲信ʹɫļ΢Цߵǰ
ҸڴǸŮ˱Ҹɵ˽вֹһҪһЦžװĴָ
гҸҲЦЦ˶Цݡ
СͱгҸĻһˬʵЦǲϵĴҸˣҸСͶˣǸŮ˱ҸŪˬ˰ɣҸһϿŮˣ
ƺҸӾ˾ͽҵ˾ͽң˾ͽҵʵǿһһĺֵ˵ЦǵķȴǸܣһֻĵס
Ҹ磬ǸׯܵܵܵС˰ǣҸղѾܻܵʦҢڵĺü˶ƽˡһǾ˵
ǺҲ˰ɡ˾ͽҺºһŮӺܿϲ豭Ͳ赹á
ɰ˾ͽҲƴ֣ЩӵܣԺõĺȺõģõģȻԲƺ
ٺ٣εЦЦ
ǵ͵Ҳǰ취ѵҪ˼̳Ҳɣ㲻ǳΣ飬˲ɨػҪϳ񲻸á˾ͽҿҺ֪СӶĻˮĺ
ʱûٵȵȣʱҸСһ֮ЦЦ
˾ͽԴӲСҽʦΪ˾ͽңŮɫ춼Ůˣȴǳ˷һŭ֮½ҽʦɱֻҪ֪ԼҽʦȫɱֻԼ֪
֮ͰоȫϣǰŮɫѶֶ֪νղڷŮץϣȻɱȫң˭֪ҲɱȫңŮֻ˾ͽҡ
֪𣿡˾ͽҿʵ
֪Ӳǵ飬ôῴأе㸴ӵ˵
ߣߵļһʱôĶ֪˾ͽ뵽
Ѿ۸ǰͷˣǰǵĴҲҪ̵֣ʱ
Щ˶ǰǵĴ󻧼ӵܣҵģֻ˾ͽܽ˰ȥɵѡ
ˮҩæԼ飬Ųǰе÷ŵĶʲôֻҪ鷳ȥϵϷҸŮˮҲùܣԼֲʲôˡ
ϣˮɾˮ뵽ŽȥڳˮԱҵǸĺ֦ϸĿ˰죬ûзֿϡ䱦ڳر߿£ҽһеˮ
˼ǺɫԲʯͷͷڳˮʪϣȻͿʼһˮѴ󲿷ʱ䶼Ϲǿϣֻڳʧܺһȭ͡
ˮϣܽϹǿ죡


59 ˮɫ
ˮÿζǱɾǿ߳Ϊֹ˷һʱ䣡
ǵһûжˮҲֵ徻Ȼое֣ûзϣֻǰ˼˷ϾǶҩʶϡ
ɾѾһƬֲΪҩݵԣ͵һСƬƳγεһƬ껨඼ɫӡ
ȻɫӲ𣬵׳ţɢŲˮ֪ɾŷֲĹϵˮҲĥɾص㣬ʺκֲӵˮǿ
ˮĵľɾҩûģҰҩ԰ﲻʱĻҩݣˮܿġ
ɾһƬҩݣˮľƽʲôѹסۣЩǮƵĴһ˵һ㡣
ʵҲһʾ޴ĲƸǰҪʮʮɾǧ꣬һƬǧҩʲôˮѡ
˿ĺɫûʲôı仯øʪ󣬵ˮҲаɫ֦ܷܲѿῪ
ҩеⲢǺæ󲿷ֶǰǸصҩǰһҩģ˵ҩҩаҲкüҡ
ҩϰǰҩҲһЩҽǰץҩ٣ҩûоͻȥҩѰҪҩݡ
ҩгҩԼҩ⻹չչ˲ժֲҩݣȻǮȥĲͬеļӹһ㡣
ϵĹһӳһӳûлϡٲʺĶеҩݣٴӳ˻һûеҩݣͨޣ
ᵽӳǣˮ뵽̶Ǹ໢һֱŵˮŮ˵Ļ컹еģˮоȻǸδˡ
ˮܸоŮǸ鷳
֮ԺӳĴΪӳиĶ
ӳǵĻң
ҵүӵ걻޾ȹһ˸оͶԵͽΪֵܣֻǵ¶ûйʶԷֻ֪һӳһׯ
˫߷ãرǹʱ׷ʱ֪ҲǴ֮ң޽ΪֵܵĻѾǻҵļ
˵ӳҲϵ̨ļ壬ҵļ廹кܶģϾӳǲǰСܱȵġ
ˮ˵үѾͻƺﵽ˵죬Ҳǻӳϵ̨ı֤ʵ൱Ѿϵˣ
죬͵أ˧ʮ۷壬ֻҪٳ߸ͷһǷ֦ͷˣϧ½˧ʮ۷˴ڣܿĲ֮һ
ԴӻͻͽҽӴԺʲôܰæһҪҺͻҵر׬ǮǴͷ
ʵҺͻǺеģүµԼŮһ㣬˭ûүûŮһãԺͻҵһֱ
ȥӳǵʱɲԴң뿴ӳǣˮ׿ǰӳǵҩݡ
ð˳үү㣡¿ĵ˵
ţҩʲôҩݣˮܼԼ֪𰸵˳Ҫȷһ¡
Ҷ㿴ƬСҶӶྫڰûеҩݣֻӳǵϿۣûģرĳЩ֢״ҩǱزٵģҩֻҩвС
ȻҶװˮܼ·һ㣬׵ģԼԺϤھݴ½ϳˡˮĵҶϸĴš
ҶˮǰϷʱֻһҩһҩھݴ½ҲڰǺҲ֪ЩϤĶҩھݴ½һҩˮ֪ҩʦƳġ
ÿȥӳΣÿҪһ£ǰһΣʱһΣڸչûжãҪȥӳǻҪ֮á
ǱȽʵĶЩ壿ˮĸ׽ҩȻᵽֿһʵ
Ǳ濴ʵĸʦҡ˾ͽҡݼҡңûص˭Ҳһ˭лƽأ׳֦뵱ź񡣡»˵
Ǹݺ¥ϰݺӾݼҵˣЦǺǵ˵Ҳ뵽ˮݺŤε˰ɡ
ŶˮԾ뵽Ǹٸһķ鵽µŮˣǡô޳ȴֲ֣غȴַͦĵһ˫ȴ֪Ե˸оôζ
ʦװȴһ޳ľˣݺӱʦװһӺݺ֪Իз飡
޵ͬɣǧ޵Ĺߣٺ٣ҾǧԵ֣˭Ҳܲˣˮӣÿ϶Ʒھ޲ھȥһ


60 Ǯŵ
Ǹļҹϵôˮ룬ˮоĴļӦòô
ļһپ٣һ𣬿һϵȴֻϾǰļմ״ʣһʦҺ˾ͽȷ˶Ů׼һָΪ顣
ֲʦװ˾ͽδ޵ȴǸͲ˾ͽôǲΪˮôǲˣˮ֪ԼѾʦװӰӡ
ˮĸ˵Ҳ֪ϾǰٳС˵ԡ徭ıкѧҲ㡣
ׯڰʵǱеı𣿡ˮ֪ҡҡͯҡһһЩׯڰġ
ׯǵЩ˱޳ĪҲ޿κΣڰǣׯļ˩Ҳֲһң⹫һģڰһ۷壬ҲҪǺӳǻҵĹϵҲ֪ҲҶô渵
õİǵЩһĳԸ㣬ǻûǸӣԼҪСһ㣬ر˾ͽҵ˾ͽҺҵˣʵǲףǿǺһţʮʱпܴﵽ۷塣
ˮеף֪ĸǲɫԼԼδսȵӣڸԼˮĸһĵı顣
²֪ʲôʱԶĪäĿһое㿴͸ˮǴС󣬲Ѫĸо¶ǲԼӡ
ˮоǮǸöԼʵȱǮɾǸ޴ıصȴɲͱڴԵ㱦ûʱ˵ԺԺЩʯա졢졭ǺǮĶ
ãɾֻҪϼͻǮˣûǮ˵ԺܲǴǧҩݰɣ˵ҲǸ鷳
ܲҪǮɣ˵ǰŸһӣǰˮ֪Ǯĸ֪ˣӹһƽ꣬ȥҹӡһ޴Ůһϣʲô飬ǰԵ
ˮ߱˼ĥô׬ǮһŰĳĽֵĿĵɢι䣬ѾӽеζǺţݴ½ĿˮᣬҲͨҲԻܰɣû˿Ⱦе֡
ΧĽǸоң˸׵յУ̧ͷ·һϵźһСŮڰˮͰ
ˮΪֻһ첲Ա߻ǸֻʮСŮһƾɵ·ϴúǸɾһ˫۾رĽëȺȵرɰֻСһǸǿСŮ
ˮ߽ˮͰмʮָССʮֻСӹ꣬ˮͣ¿ʱ򿴵СŮеϣ
ˮоеΪԼǺҲΪԼǻˣûܿ˵Ը˾ΪԼ¡
뵽ҪŪɾ¿ֳܲˮǷʺ϶ΪʯϿǴĪǾûֹܣΪ
СãСӹ𣿡ˮһͰЦʵ
СŮƯĴ۾գգرǳĽëرɰ磬Ҫ𣬺ö˶Сٲֵ
ЩССӹСŮСץģ̫СܳԾʱһܲ
ȻҪˣˣСòϿһؼ𡣡ˮЦЦ˵
ЩݶСϪץģҪҪͿˡݶСŮһЦ¶ſɰС˵
ŶǺҾҪЩССӹ꣬ݶЩװһˮͰӿ𣿡ˮ˵ѾˮͰһˮͰҲСͰ˵ʣµӵݵСŮС
̫ˣ磬ֻôġСŮŵҡͷֵ˵
ˮʵСŮЦˣ˵ֵֵţóԵġ
СŮԥһ½ӹǮ磬ʲô֣ôҵ㡣
ҽˮҴʱҩУʲô鶼Ҵ磬֪𡣡ˮˮͰݶԴЦ˵
ţ֪˴磡
ˮСŮһͰһֲ뿪СŮ˼ͷˮõһЦ¶ſɰС
ϦǵӰĺܳˮоеɬһѹ
ˮߵһû˵ĵطʱˮͰ˲ɾߵмĳˮԣȽСӹץϴɾŽʮˮС
ţˮСӹ껶ˮȥˮԸܵСӹԽԽ
ˮڿģһ쵱ֲֳĸ죬ر࣬һͿʳá
뵽ˮ죬ԼҲˣѸٷƵ·Ҫ׼Ȼ޷ͣ


61 뵽ˮ
˦˦ͷȥ뷨Ͼһʱ仹ҪŪǮģˮʣµļֻСӹͼʮСϴɾŽˮСˮóˮϴһЩССӹŷŽˮصġȻ֪ˮԼģ
ԽԽСӹСˮ֪ԼԺŪСǮȥԱûˡ
ˮɾһ۲СӹСı仯ɾʱ䣬ˮСӹС㳤٣ǿرǹССӹ궼ںڷһرԣˮ첻ѣҪʮ񲻶ޣ
ˮԼ뷨һһϺܻôʱ䣬ڹ꼴ʹǧҲֻڹ꣬ϾǶܳ
ɾֻǹȥһСᣬˮ˼ŪһϺ磬ҪȫϺзҪǺ㡢Ϻз֮࣡
Լܱܲ¶ҪҩиĳˣҲԼ·
ҩоУСɾˮزСֻֻףˮҲ峺ֻˮݺͼɻʲôҲûˣˮϣġ
ʣµľͺ˵ˣԼڼŸָࡢϺз࣬ɾЩ㻨Ǯ
֪ѾߵſڣɫҲˮںȺһĿꡢжϣͻĺо
صҷִҶڣڿĵһЩ飬رԬӱһЩЦЦرǸòףҲҲͻأ
ˮ͵ˣڿԿˣùֵڹʯˮĵ˵
ţҲģû뵽ˣĪ춼ڰԼˮʯЦЦ
ڹ󲻹󣿡ˮʵ
һЩҪﲻ󲿷ֶǴģ·ҲҪʣµĻ̻ǱȽϹģڹ걾ľҲûпֱӲ̵ĵطЦſˮ˵
ѵڰϺʲô
ǳر԰Ǻģ
ϣˮÿγٵĸ㡢㡢ʮȫڹиرóԵĺǸоζޱȣˮÿζʳ󿪣رһСϱɿڣ
Ǹҩеĳ㡣
ˮһ˵ڰǲǺʺ࣬ˮȻҪôѵʲôطʲô
Ȼ˿໢ֻЦЦһûϵڶԼӶûҪھ˼־򿴶һܴϲ顣
ǺǣģģԱҪõöࡣˮЦЦ
ڶˮ뷨Ū磬ָˮӣˮԼŪɣˮҲĸ׷ԼܿģԼ
ȻĲ൫ûУҲУ㻧ôû취ų۵֣ҲӦһˮʺ㣬ϡΪԼԿ׬Ǯˡ
ͻȻ뵽ݶ˵ǸСϪˮ֪ӦþǲԶĽϪɵ뵽ǸʵСŮ
ˮһƬƾɵĵ͵סլʱ̾ԭҲ˼ңһܶ࣬ڲڻıǳª
ϪǸһɽһСϪܿȴϪˮǳֻе̶һ׵ľΣԵˮ̶
ˮĽų̻ԣ˵ҲǺԶܿ͵ˣǵɽʵׯȺɽӶĩңȷе˵ɽֻа֮ߵɽϿ
Ϫˮ峺ֻϥţĿССϺСڹꡢзЩɶҰģһǶСٿԿƴġ
ףǲݶ𣿡ˮСŮںͬСС㣡
ݶˮһ
СŮŤͷˮһЦ¶ſɰСܹ
磬ôˣݶգŴ۾ȺȵĿˮ
磬ҪܶܶССϺСڹ꣬⿴ץ١ˮЦǺǵݶݶСĺȥ
ŶҰץɴ磬ҿԸҺܶСһץܿġ
ݶĻˮһ
ãݶ㾡жСһͰСϺʮͭòãֻҪġˮ˸͵ļǮ
ҾͲҪˣһͭͿˡݶ˵
ȥɣģȻûʲôǮҲܿǡ
ݶĵЦˡ
ûһͼݶʮˮͰСĺӣʱСϺСӹ꣨ڹ꣩
ˮЩ˼ҵĺˮ˻ǻչ˵ģÿֶһӾ͵ǵһֻˮͰ¡
ˮҲ֪һ൱ǰһٿǮĹ
ͰӾͻһˣˮݶЩӴ򷢵ݶ֤һæݶźЩ뿪
ˮвʮͰڹԼϺзˮһŪɾóˮϴһŽˮС
෱ϺзҪǺ㡢㡢㡢ĺ٣ڹˮоһ֣ɫڹ꣡
ˮһľʣµĽʮͰŽɾҩиȥֻڿ쵽ʱ򽫰˸ˮͰȡóľһĸϣʲô˸ľͰжǻɾˮеˮΪӳɻʡ
ˮǿŵɽʯʹЦЦºԬӱˮҲЦЦ
ˮεֻüӿٶȻˮͰˮĵˮָ⼸Ͱɾˮء
һˮо̤ʵرɾϺڹˮоƵġ
ҪҺˣˮȻ뵽ݺ¥ϴǳԵڹһúȣˮĸܺݺļƷӴ
ţˮǰ·һ㣬ׯʥӺ͸֪ԣԸ޳˴Ŵǳ죬һЦһ֮˳
ʲôسСӣˮˣ


62 С
ˮĸ׺ЦĻε촽ûʲôˮˮĶǵһЦˮԴ
¿ųﻶŵϺСӹ꣬ˮݺɻԵʲǿȫˮеϺ
ˮվĸԱ߿ųҲϺڹꡢзʲôģ˵ȴҲ෱СˡֻҪʹɾóһЩ΢ϺʱγһСģĴСѭ
ܿ죬Ͼɾһ൱ڰ죬ˮ֪ԼɾܿͻΪģ
ԼֻҪ͵͵ĽһϺҸʱŽͺã
ˮɾˮرߵɳ̲ϿųˮѾϺɳ̲ϵڹ꣬ˮߵɳ̲Сڹ꣬ˮЩںڷСڹ꣬뵽Ժζɿڵڹ
һˮһ⣬ɾˮ･ĺԽԽףȻʼʳϺ
ˮƵĿֻʣºڹ꣬µĶǾӢҲ֪ͬ㻹˭Ҳκβ˭֮ɱġ
һ൱°룬г೤ЩڹҲƴССڹޱȣȻײȴҲκβùǺӲСڹꡣ
ˮ͵͵ķŽһЩɾĺڹ꣬ҲˮݺɻԵʣΪһʱϺܶ࣬ǳԲ
ԶˮҪˮǰʱɾԼıϣϹǿԼ
˼ʮϹǿлͻϹ֮ϵĴˮľ͹˵ͻƵȴþǿ࣬ϾϹǿǹϵ칦
һҹΣʯɽһȭţ˳ָһʯԹ緹ˮ뿪ҩУߵ˴ռȡ೤ĺŽͰˮСˮͰ
ںڷĺ㣬ˮڿռԣֻǼ򵥵ˮûκβϾѾζޱȣˮְҵǮ;
Խˮǰȥݺ¥һǿԿƯŮ㣬ǿôԺͼ˺⣬˭ݺ¥ڰһָľ¥
ˮŵСˮͰŸӣ˲֪װʲôˮƵݺ¥ȥ·ϻۿȺûŮ
ܿ͵ݺ¥ˮ߽ͣݺ¥
һˡһŮӴԸеӦװְҵ΢Цܲ
ֲݺ¥ãˮλŵŮӣÿȥǧһŮϴֻ˿ݺƷ㵼©ôСŮ
Ŷϰ壬˵ˮӦûҵġˮ΢ЦǸʮŮЦ˵
õģԵ¡
ˮͷͿʼɫĿЩԱ¶Ůˮ֪ѵôԭȻЩŮӣЩΡȺصҲֻҪѸ˳ЩŮСѵʱǿ˳һѡ
ˮЩ̵ͦĻԲСƨɣ޳ȣǰϸļֱ
ÿ𣿡ˮһȻĴԵŮ˵֮ȴȻԵ˵
ÿʶĻشˮŤͷЦЦݺӺоеΡ
ô޲ɷһѩɫʿʥׯıˣѩ׵ļеһ˫ǹǣĽëԸޱȣ촽ЦЦıˮе͡
ÿˮ峺Ŀ⿴ݺӲûв˼
ݺӿˮ˫峺ޱȵо˫۾ĺܺÿо˿پҲС˵һ䡣
ߣԷݺӿĵ˵
ãǵĴǳһ㾪ϲġˮСˮͰݸݺӡ
ݺɻĿˮȻ򿪿ںڷĺ㣬ǹݺޥģоˮԲֻԡ
£壬úԶ£
ݺӽСˮͰݸղˮŵŮ
ߣȥݺǳЦš
ٴˮݺǰˣΪ̨׸ٴվ̨¿βͣѪڵĻԲβõͷպƽӾͿԹ͡
ͻȻݺͣ£ˮȴǳԵĿţ֪ľôˮѾõķϣһ˲Իһ˿ʴǣ


63 ɫױ
ʱ·ֹһ㣬ˮݺӵǱʶ§סĸоˮ֪ΪʶıӺ촽ǻֻһ㱡ƬĦ¡
Сӣˣݺее
ˮεķſֲ̧ͷ˫κ촽΢΢е㲻ĿԼݺӣһ̺ջ
ҲǹģⲻߵļͻȻͣϵ𡣡ˮӵ˫峺˺ᡣ
ݺӺԵİˮһۣСӼֱԼĿǣ˵СҲǳˣɱ˸βһС
СԼΪʲôôգĪĳ嶯һ˲ײ˿˷ܡ
߰ɣٸҾͰ˸ˡݺ΢Ц˵
ˮװµס棬ɲУԺҪȢ޵ģûɲС
߰ɣ֪ռұˣСһûװôʲô۾СӵĻӲ٣ֻصıȽݺǳЦĻˮƣԼô𣬲һڶӵĻǸûС
ٴݺ¥Ķ㣬߽ϴηԱߵķ䣬һȥˮоת䣬һŮҵĹ뷿һ˿ɳһŻľΣǽɫıֽľƵذ塣
ŵζݺӽźͽŹϣȻ΢ЦĿˮŷ䡣
滹и׼䣬ˮ²Ӧݺӵң
Ťͷݺɳϣѩ·ѩ׵ɳ׼ѩһϸ弡ڵ˫ۣ͸һ֪Ըŵʣ޳Ľ˸оôĲʵǡ
ˮԼݺǳЦĿˮҲ뵽¥ʱһ̣ѩ׵˫ٴȾһ㵭ķۺ죬ˮдŮӷ
㣬淿ܲܿˮ֪𰸲뿴ݺӵķӳ
ԡȻɴ˵ˮЦЦˮе㺩Ķ˸оͦģݺӾо
ˣ
ݺ˵
ľǽµŮӣжζ˵һӣˮ֪Լ㡣
ˮɫȫһ۾ʳ󿪣ˮҿ϶ŵ˵ʳζ
С㣬̲סһҪ˵СԷԸĹƻᱻԸɾġеЦ˵
ݺӿ·º󣬡һ𳢳ζܲġȻ˵ݺֹ֪ʲôˣڰǾǵһûеڶ
ˣߵſʱʵʱҲҳ˲٣ĺܺóԣʲôóԡ촽ȻЦһ¾ˡ
ѾͷݺӺЦ˵һ䡣
Сˣݺӵݸˮһ˫ӣ򵥵һˮе㷢ͷڿܰķ䣬ǰļˣղŵݸԼӵĶ
ллˮѵõ˵֣ˮԼףջĵһ¶һԺ˵Ķе䡣
ݺֵĿתˮȻ󿴵ˮٴԼʱеңԼ˿ԼŮ˵۹⣬г谮͡Ժ
ʲôأֻǸСˣʮ껹ǸѸҪϹˣɫ˥ƻῴ㶼һۡݺԼһ䣬Ȼ
գݺˮʾһ£ȻһСŽСţܺÿˮ֪ʲôݣֻ֪ĿתĿԾܡ
̫óˣʲôʱôˣʹ½ĳҲζ
ͻȻһ߻΢ЦĿԼˮݺ֪СһĿģĿ˸ˮһӿõߣ˿Ů˵۹һ㡣
ȻݺջĿ⿪ʼˮƣһһȥ֮һˣˮôŹŮһһĻᣬһԵܿͳˡ
ˮǺ߾ϣ̻ʣݺŵĳ˵±ˮԣСÿӡ֮ӽӴ붼е졣
óԣˮĶƤ
ݺԹĿˮһۣ˵첻ǾһɣҳҳԹóԵġ
ٺ٣ʵҾһ㣬ȻûŮһζһġˮĵҲˣˮɲԽϷҲҪӵġ
СƺſڱտŮ֪Ůʲô𡣡ݺӿˮģ̲סЦһ䡣
Ů۵ģ


64 
ݺһֵĿˮˮ峺ÿŰݡϧݺӺ֣ôСô峺̸ϲɣȴǵĹâˣ
Ŷ֪ôŮ𣿡ݺЦˣоںܿģҲ֪Ŀģֻ֪ĺƽܰڣ
һ£ͷκ۸ܿһֱܿġˮͷҲ֪ô˵Ҳܲ˵ϡͿ˵һͨ
ݺЦſˮӣһоˮĺܴоԺһӺܺõġ
Ҫۣ𣿡ݺǳЦĿˮʵҪõʲôƵġ
ҵ룬ˣӶൽˣҪۣˮĿݺӣʱţݺģˮʱ⣬ľɫŮˮġ
Ǻǣ㶺ģŮ˭Ҫ˭ۡݺӿЦҡҡͷˮ
ˮҲͲ˵ˮѾ֪ݼҵС㣬۸ǲףԼˮӻˣͲţ˵˼ұԼô࣬ԼҲֻǸкҪһǿǻ
ԽŮߵǾԽ࣬õŮֻûҪǿʵʵǿְ취һԶķޣҲְ취Ǹ뿪ͬҲа취Ů˹ԹԾͷ
ˣ˵ôˣֳԶˣˮӦҲܲµ⣬ֻҪܴӦӦ㣬ֻҪ㶼Ӧ㡣ݺգգĽëһ
ˮЦǺǵĿĿɳϵݺ˵ϡΪ˵Щ㶼ֳطҲܶÿֻṩʮֻҪԵĻԶٶû⡣
ÿֻʮȻе٣һһӦúݺٺˮ˵
Ҳ֪ʲôζǰҲ֪ұ֤һұ޷ֺţǿܲܰƴȥ˵ǰӦҲ
ݴ½˿ںֹڣĵڶûзֱ߾ǮƵ˸ǲ
ݺ۾һûСܵ㻹о̵ͷ𡣡
ˮеΣرݺ˵Сܵܵʱ򣬸ое̼ˮԼе
ģûݺӿʵȴƽĶˮҪˮ͸һ㡣
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ôȱǮǮҲ㣬߷Σߡ
ˮվЦҲȱǮûǮҲҪˣ֣Ǯһϲһ׬
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죡ݺڱסˮ˲˵
ǴȻĽ绹ڶǻѾ뿪ˮֻǸоȴǾζѾȥֻʹĻµֻϲá
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ݺӸ˱ˮֻһ㣬ϸ߸㷢ˮҪôһ㣬ˮסݺûлҸû
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𡣡ݺˮĺ˵
һҲˮʶĻشǽıݺ޳ĲӣŽա
Сӣ쵹ͦģ˲ҪˣԺռˣ֪ûСݺ͵˵
ˮɿݺӣ쳣Ҳ֪ԺǸ˿Ա˹飬ΪƾԼŪŮܼ򵥵ģǰС˵ŮǿźǴԼôô˳
ѵҲݴ½ǡˮԳţˮûС˵ţƵȥ½ô׵ҾԼǣ֧Լ
ˮ뿪ˣݺȴڷ˼оԼıˮˣȻԼϲˮϲǸСˣϲһɵպľϲ
һμΪǽһӵܴ򵹵ˣǸСˣΪԲŻע⡣ⲻ֪Ů֮ԶǴӺ濪ʼעзչ
ڶڣһ޶ĺ㣬ǺζԼԹóԵĶľϲױȣͬʱҲоˮء


65 ҹ
ˮҸݺȥµĺ㣬ݺ֪ˮȱǮĸˮһǧӣˮ겻ѣŰ̵ģˮԼŮر͡
ˮҲ˹˵Լ͹ȥһʮҲһӣҲǧӰǮӵİá
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ˮҲǵҹӣս˵ãĹǾɫҪǡ˵ãȥ˸޲ѣٳֻҪǮԹֻ꣬ǼǮ߶ͨϰտ붼Ҫ룬һǮȥξ͹ˡ
ˮ߾ĸ޳УʹĺӶˣСֻʮ꣬ͥнĶǽǮſڵļ绨֦չŮӻҲԽŮˣʮͷͣΪǶԵʲ¶ȣɧкŽ·ˡ
ʮꡢʮͷ潣һЩ˶ǮƵ˼ҵˡ
ˮŴҹӳһ˷ŵͷ滹һĵү´ж
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֪ݴ½ΰûˮ֪Ӧ˶ݵҩ׳ҩͷŮɫܿͻһغġ
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ˮĸǰǰϰԴ˺Ůǰϲһࡣ
¥ҲУǧƱˮҲǺ㣡
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ӻǸȤˣǵһɡŮ˴ˮ΢Ц˵
ô֪ĪдŵһΣˮɻʵ
ЦǰһɽҲǸ²Ǵɫϵȣķ飬رǷرпͷ
ֻǿϧ¥Ҳһˡˮš
ӻǸˣûдŵһΣ峺û´㻹ûоŮ˰ɣܿ죬ֻеһ˲ŻһôҶܼסŮǳЦ˵Ĺˡ
ˮϸĿŮˣԼʮͣü£ˮСɵıӣ촽ŵױ㷢뵽һеġ
ˮ˵ԼûоŮʱΣղˮֻעŮ˹۲΢˺ͼҲǳһȡ
ѵ֪ûоŮˣҲ̫˰ɡˮĵ¥֪Ǹ磬Ǻܶ˵ġ
ӣŮ˵˺ûоŮ˵ˣڿŮر￴Ů˵ǲһģŮζʹװ峺ҲǺңҪװͲͬˣҿǿóʱˡŮеζЦ
˵ĹǸѾߵ캮ضȴů紺Ըеȹ۷ɢ˹󣬿໨֦չŮӣˮоŮֻǲʱĻһӵ§ŽСŮ˾аЦˮоԼ¥
ӣ㿴ǸʹǸ⣡
ʱˮоŮ˲򵥣ָоҹӺһ㡣
ҿˣ𣿡


66 м
ˮĻŮһȴȻһЦҵȻˣŮ˵ȻһЦŻеĽ¥ȥ
ˮ۹޵ĿŮо۹ָܿǺüˮһΪԼǴ
ٺ٣ĪǣˮоȣԼĲܹѪȴ˷ܡ
ˮŮ߱ߴƯƯŲǱȳģڣӵŮȻˮŮ硰ٸ͵ŮӳֺˮŮŹ⻷һ㡣
ˮ֣ѵΪԼϲŮԵʣˮоŮ˺ţֻ¥ݺе̡
ˮڸоʵҲﶼǸ֮ĵطǰߵ¥СĴŴ磬ѧʶΧϵȣе˻ｫϲȢС檡
ӣҲǸ߹ӣ
ҪˮĶرãķ䴫ѪڵˮҲû뵽ⷿ䶼Чôá
ˮһ˿Ů롢ĳЩžžԾ뵽ǰĳĵӰһԺͻһŮſţԸеƨɸ߸ںײ뵽Ƿ۵ⱻײֲⲨ
Щ̲סѪӿϳһ㳱죬ˮ֪ԼѪͷˣͬʱԼе̫ۡ
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Խ߲ԽݳޣͬŮҲԽƯԽʣˮסȴԽԽ죬ѾߵĲˣʱ·ŮӸϾɫˣԼʣôҲܺͼŮϵһ顣
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һ壬ɽʯɺü򣬼ɽԶиˮأڵˮɢźܴջ
ԶиɫСľݣΧͬʻŵˮڵ̺ϸоˬ쳣ԺõĲֻһ㣬ˮ˶ܿ
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ˮҲûиоʲôôõĵطϴϴԲסԼ˸ڵˮС
ˮˮֻȴˮһɫһƬʹˮؿɳһ㣡
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ˮȻҪԼǸֱʱˮоôţҹŮ˵ݵҲǿԡֻĻܳȾ𣿡
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ˮŤͷŮӺ󾪴ˣŮӿʮˣһž欵գʦװ˵Ȼͬһ磬ڰ׷˫峺˸Ŷ˵ĹâԸйСһ˿Ц⡣
ںڷĳڼϸģѩ׵˯ڵס߱¶ĽСɢ˵Ĺһ˫Сʮֺ綹ޢһ㽿ޱȣˮסһĳ嶯
ʩȴǣȻƯķ绪Ůӣˮعӣǣ
ôôͲʶˣŮǳЦ˵
㣿ɽѩһŮӣˮôҲԡľɫ˾ǸղŵǸŮˡ
ˮĿתĿŮӣŮôôı仯һƣҲһƣʡϢͬĸͬǷǣ֮ûз糾֮ɫ
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㣬ˣӮˣˡղŵŮͬ˯³磬ͬŮӱѷɫ֡
ˮͷܴ⵽ʲôѵֻԼģˮҲ֪ʲôģ޷ϳϲǵ⣬ôԵҲԼʲôѵΪ˺
ˮɫúѿһ޵Ľû潵ģǶԹ˿Ͳء
ŮĿˮԭС˱ˡ


67 졢˫
ˮ˵꿴˴εӣԼ̫³ˣҲô˵ɣοԼİѵһ
ǸҲǸ˼
֪ʵԵ޹ʵģǰʱ佫ǰ۸ڶûʲô汾µһȺ򵹵Ǹˮɡ
Ǹķ绪ŮչһЦ˵һЦˮоˬŮǸرĴڡ
ˮü˭ԸⱻԷٻ̽˵·ˣˮ֪̽Լǲ֪Щģٲ֪Լġ
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׽ãҹǽõĲҵˮԼһ֪Ӧú˽Լˣﲻ̫Կ
ǰ׽޹˫ҲΪ˱ʾ˫Լ˵˳
ҹǽĲҵֻ·Ҫ£˫̧ͷˮЦ
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죿ˮԾĿ˫
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ôǿߣԺӵԪһĵ·
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ϲˣҼĵһ죬ôľˣΪ춼һЩ뷢԰׵ˣҲˣˡˮĽûмʣϾϣ
ллʵǶĽܺ棬ôģȻ㷽Ļ˫ϣĹâ˺Ѿܾġ
ǸˣҲҾͻһĽʽÿֲϲϰʮʱ䣬̳ȥ°βˮƽˮӲ˼˵
˫޹㵵Ŀˮ
һᣬ˫гϲõĹâ˵ػǶ߻ء
ˮɻĿ˫
ʦ˵һǴֻģҿһ֮еľˡ


68 ֮
ҵʱ֣ΪۻأΪûе죬ҲСôеľ磬һ򵥵Ľʽеľ綼Ҫ۸Ҫϰĥ˫Ŀˮ
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˫ЦˣҪô˵ǴޣǴ˵Ȼ벻ˡ
ˮֻεЦЦԼʱֻ֪ٱԼ뵽ӦҲˣҲô¾͸оһнʽΪ棬ȴײеĵزʲôزˮڷеʲô磡
ôͣˮ̧ͷʵҪ
˫ˮһᣬ˵似ľֳѧʦʦС塢ɡ˵ѾãʦѾ֮ǰ߾磬ܴﵽоҲ࣬˵ǲ˺ܺء
൱е죬һҪת۵㣬˵һͺСʵδȴܽʽõеľ磬˼ҲǺԺҲ֪ˡ
ǱߵˮˮںˣȥǱɡ޹ЦǺǵ˵
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ºˮ޹˫ֱеĿϾһԸйˣһʥӣѡ
ʵмæº˫ֱ˵
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ˮеԼеСᱻʮ಻ʮŮӿͣԼΪԼûɱԼѳ׼öʱʱԳġ
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ҪҸŮˣΪˡ޹Ц˵
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Ȼѩ׵˯ľ˫ˮվм侪ȵĿ
㲻û·
ã㴩ĻǱ·Ů˴ġ
ˮԵĽӹľ˫ɨһ飬ԼСĽ·̵ʲôķ羰
ʲôأôʱΪҲ֪ô˶ôɫ˫鲨ĿˮȻǵЦһָڱϣһЦݣšϣŻһְ⣡
֮˽ֻ֮Ǻնˮ㿴Ǹ⣬Ҳ֪ǸиԵõĴ࣡ˮľѯʡ
˵ʲôأһңССͲҪŮˣʵǿˣǿƯŮ˶ء
Ȳгɾ͵Ѿĳˡˮһӡ
㻹˵ҲŲôˡ˫һ䡣
ʥеĵСŮģˮ󺰾
ˮеˣֻҪ㲻żˣǿˣҲðȥ
׼ˣҪʼˡ
ˮľ˫
˫ͷͬľҲǴš
Ȼƽƽһ̽ǿ磬˫һ˦Сļ̤Ӱһ㿰ͬʱҲǿٵһˮ
˫û֮
ʱˮȭʹ̽ҵйһ㣬һꡢѸޱȡ


69 
˫ˮԽԽҵĹٶҲԽԽ죬Ҫǿ
ˮ˫ȻԿƺԼĽʽоôŮҲš˫ǰСɵÿζļ̤պöԼĽеԱ
˫Ǿȣе𾪸ݣˮһ˲֪ԼԼս̤衷ȻоֲС
ʦоĲࡣ˫Ľ䲻쵫ҲʦԲ硣ÿһֳַм߼Բ
ȻֻǾֻһ֮ңȴصĲ࣬۷ǸոտǰǷһ
ԼԼս̤裬ѾʦԲսȴҲֻǿܹԷоġе
ˮ֪˫˵ûоȫȴǽֵսʹ˳ս֮һս
ͣˮֹһд̽ȻϽˮһ಻ҿԲͬǶȳҪСӵĲĪ⣬ҪԼ̤軹﷭˾Ͷˡ
ֻǿϧˣû֮ã죬ٶȡϿµ֮нӵ¡
ˮͣе㽿˫µһϸܵĺ飬ɫҲеۺ죬ˮое̻ʣŮζղһ׵ӡ
˫ԵĿˮƲѣһʱĿĹȻˮ˿֪ˮϹǿѴΪϹžͲ֣˫ڲʹܼ֮ôʱѾܲˣȻʹ֮ˮܵĺܲҵģٶȻ
˵ƣ˫ȴ۷ŹĿˮһᣬԺСʲôʱԼͬʵܶԿˣԼĽһĽܷоҲҪԵġ
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Ȼԣô⣬ô˵ڴҲ𡣡˫ͷĵЦ˵Цů崺硣
֪̤мְ취𣿻оǽĸоˮò׽ӴһŹͷҵοǸľĶǵŮӡ
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ˮһοЦݣˮ֪ôݣֻ֪һ̾ôĿʱ·ֹһ㣬ֻЦ绨ľ欵ա
̤ʵ½ϵְ취һԼҵؼʱһͿڶҩʦƵġ𵤡ֻҪ˧۷˷𵤾Ϳ˳ﵽ졣
𵤣ˮɻĿ˫ǴûôĵҩȻԶȹֽǧǴ
˫ЦˣˮԾӾ֪ʲôԲʾͽ˵Ǻö֪Ҫʲô𣿡
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һҲҪĲϣ޵ڵ˫΢ЦĿˮ
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ˮڶˣԼϤļҩҲ˷ˣЩҩüҩҪϲȡڵк
𵤻Ǻö˰ˮݺݵ˵
˫ˮ̲סЦˡ
˻һǷ𵤽˴ںܴı׶ˣΪûоʵȶﵽҪ࣬һᱻЩʵԽԽԶ
˫Ļˮ꣡
ģѾôˣȻҪЩѴ֮죬̫ƽˡˮ߷ߵһ䡣
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70 ó
һ±ˣˮվ͵Сˮͷϵһ˲·һƬľ磬ڡ֪㡢ġ
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Żûпءˮæ¿ȥ
ƷҵʵĻ֣Ȼڵ¯зźѡõĲϣƹвϵתϹǿĳɹʣɹʺйأԽ߳ɹԽߡ
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¯֣ˮ鼮пһõ¯ҩʦزȱٵģҲ뵱Ҫ
ֲ÷Ҳǲнú̿Ļ𣬾ݴ½һֿʡȻʯл𡢵ػ𡢴ﵽʹ֮𡭡
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̫֮ķرصĵҩһ㶼ʯлػڻһЩûдﵽʹõĶЧʯл𡢵ػ˺ܶࡣ
ˮһľ磬Ըо֪ԼҲޱȴʧȥһ㣬ǰֻܿʶĶڷ·˽ȥʶһеĸо
ˮ֪ʵھڶ򾳽֮УΪˮоûңҡ
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˫ȥͬʱҲΪտʼˮΪɫԵĿԼҪ£붼£Сӵǰ;ٵ
˫ôԼˣСء޹еЦЦ˫
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ǵҲǣûнƲȻôѵõĻ²˫ЦǺǵ˵š
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ʱ뿼ǣҲûô˵뷨ʵȥн㵽ٿ顣˫˵
ңˣѾҺˣ죬ûֻϣܺúõȥʵԽǿԽΣգ㻹ҪСٳɸѻ߽ҲԣڳΪԼˣԺҲǸ
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71 Ϲ
ʱˮȴڱҸУΪֺöණʹиŮҲûڿĶ
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ǾġϹˮһЦˣΪϹҪľϹǿ߶
ҵϹǿǺö
ˮ֣ѧʲôоô򵥣Ȼڲ֪д߶ϹǿϹչֱһƽ
ϹֵȼϹǿһһ㣬ȫǿϹǿ߶ģֻҪϹþͿԣǿϹǿǿ
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ŵļ
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ˮ˼ȫϹϣϸĵϹת·Ҫ˼ƿеת
ڶоԽԽ̣ˮɻȴһҲеôʱ侭ͽǶһ幦ˮɻᱻԷٵ
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ã¶𣬶ˮϹǿתԽԽȴǱ·ڽϹѹһ㡣
ҲҪϹǿϹ߻ԵʣˮоȻرƷ·˻һ㣬оȻҪȣ
ֹ˲һӵʱ䣬˫ֵ¶ڲϵеľλĿʼ
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طҹڰ׽𽻼ӣĪˣ
ֻһСˮĸܵɢϢоž޴
𣬿һж
ˮеĻһ߼ϹΪ»
ţ𡣡ˮе㷢Ŀš
ĹȷȻںϣ𵹺ãںŲǲֳ
֮ҪΪҩͬҲԵҩȻҪƣ󣬶ԵҩҪҵĴ߻ںеҩԡ
ʵܶ൤ҩǿʼҪȻҲеʼصľһЩҪƵĵҩˡ
иֻֻΪԲֵԵҲǱԭȴǽϹ
ˮƽ죬ղŵѾϨ𣬴ʱաϹת·ٴת
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ĪŮԼĸǣѧϰЩô죬ЧǳãԺҪ˫ûԼԴ˵׼
ˮţܿͻعΪڻϰϹ
𽻼ȴתϹǿ·ûʲôʣָֻоһκܹ죬ȴǼ˷ܡ
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ˮܲ˵ǵõĻڶ򾳽ǡǡϰƽʱܷɲ˵ûжʮĿǱ硣

ˮϷֱܳһشߵĻ档
ֵǰɫģѩ׵Ļ棬ֵĻȴǺɫģīĻ棡
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ˮֽȻ෴Ļ棡
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72 룡
ˮˮҸ̫ͻȻҸǳڲ䣡
룡
ˮһ־͸оһҺ͡ϹйϵѵЩϹǿΪۣ
ȿ˵õĺô㹻һˣһҩϹ֪ˡ
лλθô࣡ˮֹһ䡣
ţһˮԾΪǹĹû뵽
Ҫβˣˮɻ󣬽żĽܡ
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ôţ棡ˮҪˮˣôҽѧᡣ
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ˣߵļҳ㷹ҽʦҩʦΪ˾ݴ½ְҵ֮һǿǷ飬ǿһʲСĲƸ
ѾԳΪҩʦȻֻϰҩԺԳΪʵҩʦÿһҩʦȶǳɫҽʦֻҽʦϤҩݵϰԡʲôƣ̶ϣΪҩʦ
ѩ̿ϲ̫ͻȻҸ̫죬Ҫоڱ̫ˣûдˮһ̸оιȥ㹻ˣⲹ㡣
ַСѨмǶƼư취һˮĸܵħǶô桭
ˮʶ˫֣ʶˮгӰĳ೤Ľ룬ʼĶۣԭ뵽ʶȻãʲôʲô
Ůұˮĺһ
ףûӦĪֻЩܵҪĲſԡ
˫һ룬ûǸЧϰɣ޼᲻ݵ
ǻۣϰȭƳֳϾǰһζ򣬶ʱ϶ȭϣҲǳ˳
Ҳһʵ仰ˮ飬ûϴεĶһȭѧоǾ췽ҹ̷ое޴֣
½޷Ǿǿҩʦ½Ϊҽߵﶼϱޱȡ
Ѩ˳޸ѨԪȻҲЩơ
ˮ뷨뵱ȤȲѿʼϰΪϹǿϹѾ뵹°빦еˮɵĸо

Ҳ֪˶ʱ䣬ˮͻȻӻѹԼվҹӶ¥ſڣԼ˫ȥʱԼԴʱվĵط
ףʲôζô֣ˮΧڿԼϣ
ҿϴ跥ԭˮʱϳһɫ֬һĶ
һˮֱӽ˯ѹ⣬ֻǻûüмڵˮؾͷ˫ԾĿԼ
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˵ʲô˫ҲޱȣҲû뵽ˮȻҲΧֱ˸⡣
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ҿˣԺô˰̫ԿˣˮίĿ˫ӺһֹСŮˡ
СӣððʧʧܽѸһû׷ˣåأ˫عϾŮӣзţˮһĻԺôҲ
ˮϴɾȻпģû뵽з飬Ȼ˵ҲԿֻҪΪԼˣåͺã
ǰпѧ飬Ůаͷٷ֮ʮϵŮϲԼϲǰ塣
ǸҰ·ɣϴúˮԼʱȻԶʵֻͼһ绪ˣѵá
˫һ㶣ȻĿˮһۡһˮԹȻһ߹ȥˮ·
һ嵭Ϣ˫ıӣˮǽΣʤա
СƺҾ͸£һûаǸ·ء˫е㸴ӵ˵
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ΪĿǰԼѾкܶƣˮ¥̨ȵ£Ҫʱ͹ģ
ÿ𣿡ˮװӡ
УСƺ캰ȻҾͰ·ȥҿô뿪˫գգеɰ˵



73 ˮ˫
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Լе־ԽԽ٣ǰ֬ںɫģڳ˻ɫоϴϴ۹
պ·˫˹ˮĿеζʮ㣬ֻˮֶоʲô
Ȼڶа죬ֻΪʲôûͻƵ졣˫ɻʵ
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УҺܸлС֣ȻЧڶ֪α㣬ҪίԼ
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𣬱ôſ׷㣬㿪Ʈ죬ǸϣҪһ˼ɼģˮϣԸŮҪҪ
Сƺ٣Ǻǣʮ꣬ҵʮֻ꣬ҪʮܴңʱϲңͿ׷ңҿɲ֤ϲ֤ί㡣˫һ˿ЦĿˮ
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˫ûзˮҲĸܵˮе˿ϧ΢ЦˮԴ
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ͣͣˮ߻ȥҩУû뵽Լһȥһ죬һõ࣬ϧûнϹǿͻƵ죡
ڶζˣܶ˶һζ죬Լˣϧ컹ô׽
ˣЩǿҲûãҲŻõݴ½ţмܴﵽЩ¼Ǽġ


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ֻЩȻЩСĴ󣬵ҲֻаƴСȻٴûа취ˣ⻹ˮԼɾĺֻҪ΢͵͵ųһЩһֱƴͣ£Ժɾĺ㶼೤ˮҷˣһЩƴԴһ㣬ȻҪ
ţҲǣˮ̫ˣֻǲЩСϺɣ¿űԵСϺе۵˵
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ˮˣһ൱İ죬ˮЩֹĳȥҲǰ취ĳЩԽԽãϾԼɾˮشСޡ
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Ϊռˮ㣬;ߣʣµľϣȻѳԵģ
𣡡ˮ˫֣֮ÿֻ϶һػɫС棬ˮĿƻȼա
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ϧϹǿֻ죬һһأҾľ磡


75 Ǹ鷳
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һһƺƵͷһ೤ĺԺƮ˽Զͷҽˣ
壬˶ͺãһԣһԲζ㻹һֻÿֻܳһ񫣡˾ͽĽõλϡ
˵Ҳûпĳ㣬Ĭǵһγˣݺ¥ÿ㣬˾ͽԾռһ
̵̫ĺóԣÿγԵĶղܣϧÿζܳԵľˣͷ̲סֿڣ
Ҫܰݺ¥ĴͺˣǾпڷˣϧݼҽصúܽȻ˭ҲòϢ
ߺߣͷҶľݺ¥иƨ˴ֻҪ㲻˭ĶζˣЩζС㱾ġͷ߳Աߺ޺޵˵
˾ͽһ˾ͽҹҪǵ˾ͽϵǷСط
һ󼶵ҩʦʹڴҲܳģҲ˾ͽЩϡ
˵ݺ¥ʲô
ͷеģҲ֪ÿʮӦ㲻ȻʮʮڰӴ˿ʵ̫ˣǿҲܿص̶ȵģǮ˲٣˭в׬Ǯأ
壬㿴ǲǲ㵽׳дĻǼպչʽ𲻳⣬ļ춼ˡ˾ͽ˫۷Ź⣡
ѣȻһϣҲҪʮֻһͰѣ˶ݺ¥ĴžͿԡһ΢Ц˵
ˮһк֪֪ݺӲʱĻڱԼ˾ͽҿʼ򿪺ע⡣


76 ռݺӱ
ɾ߳ˮֱϢÿνɾڴٽ˯ʱ䣬ÿα߳ڰҹˡ
ڶ𴲣һҲµģÿϵġˮҪգǿջɵģ
һʯҲˣԶԶˮˮ簡
ʯˮĵĴк
磡ˮЦǺǵĿʯЦţȻ󲻾Ȼͨ˲佫ʯ澭Լﾡ۵ס
ܿ췢ϹǿϹڻʧʹáϹҪķˮ겻ѣ
һˮоϲޱȣҩҽǹ죬ֻƾ֢״ϰѰҲšСʣ༲ƶ̶ģʽһ׾ȷȻ֢ҩ
ҲơˡһŻֻ߲ᷢȷƻֻǵʱǺҽξҪº֢Ѿ޷ҽΡ
ͨǰļ⡢BҪõĶ࣡ˮģȻ뵽ͨ棬ֻû뵽Ȼô档
ղſʯʱִԼľϸö࣬ȻҲǿ׳࿴ǿҲֻвθҲҲԡŹһ㣬˵ֻܱͨ΢һ㣬ϾĹû˵ʯʵܵ͵Եʡ
ˮôˣʯλˮ
û£뵽飡ˮеܵ˵
԰ĪǼҹˣ
ɽʯˮһû¿ЦûҲǸŮƯǸܼӴƯСڽΪĳС竻ӽıԼ󶯸ɸĲ״
ˮȨ෹ЦϣЩˮеԲа׳յӵûκκøУˮװƣҪϽҪƷλҪʵΪˮ֪ûʵװɵƣǿϰգбȥװƲȲЩϵˣǸһϵˡ
˦˦ͷʼÿһʱĳżָһʯɽʵǶѧûȤһʱʹԸоһЩʯ߻ݲҲŬ˸־ʡԡҪ
ܿ쳿ºԬӱ緹ã㣬ΪǿŵζʹˮʯС
пڸˣʯĵ˵
ˮҪ˵ȴһˮ߽ҩУǸŮ
ݺӣ
ݺӿˮһʿɰСӣԸгֿɰСʯҲĿɿڴ
ôˣˮɻʵϾʮŹȥ
ôӭݺ쿴ˮ˭仰᲻ôİɡ
ôأֻͻȻⲻܳ𡣡ˮæЦ˵˵ԺﾭݺӵӰӻԼײεľ
ǴˮŴˣ
˵¼˶ݺӺȵӭ䣬Ͼˮͨϴȥݺ¥֪ݺӺĸ׹ϵǺܺõġ
ˮ俴ϲ߰ʱһߣݺʱȻԹˮ潲Ǯĸо
ˮϵĺ㣬ݣζˣ컹Ըɺòıݺӿ
һٷ˵ЦֻˮԵĺǲڣݺȴǳЦЦ绨ĲʱĿˮ߳Ա߿պá
Ůﶼףϵһγ¾֪ݺ¥ͬһֻ֣ǲûˮ֪ˮҲ˵ˮ˲Ҫʡ
ƽʱˮܣϾݺҲǸɫĴŮҪˮϲ͵ģˮܸоЦݱ⡣
½㣬㻹óԡ
ۣˮˡ
¹ĿˮˮôôķӳҲݺӽ캰㣬ȻϵܺʤƽÿɱϾûдֹϵ
ݺȴǿĵޱȣˮԱӾͺܿģⲻ֪У±Ǿʡӡ
ݺˣʱȴ˵һ䣬ˮҰɣ̸˵£
ˮҡҡе㷢ɵͷĸʾһ¾ͳȥˣ
ΨŮСҲ϶Ұˮһ·׷ݺֹţ
˵ʲôߴﹾģݺפЦ
˵̷˴Ȼ֪Ǹ˻̵Ĵߣˮ治ɫ˵
СͷղųԷʱʲôҺܺҮݺЦʵ
ˮݺӳĵŮСŮ˵ӺˮоԼں뱧סݺӣʹıסĳ嶯
̣Ҵˣˮ˵һһѱסǰļˣͷͦɽ֮䣬˵ζ
ݺӴˣƿǰԼˮ
ˮҲ֪ԼôͻȻôӣѾǾ͸ɴܻɣһݺӵԾ˵ϲȥܵ涥Ѹ͹㣬ˮʹĸű·͹㺬һ¡
ˮûüĸо
ݺӵʱ͵ƿˮ˫ƻˮҪˡ
ڸң
ˮоڵݺеƽʱӢǿӲŮϰ壬ڸһܾίСŮˣֻˮֶԷίȴûз


77 ɷ
ڸң
ˮݺСŮе޴룬ʱоͷԷһ嶯ͺȻղŵľٶϾκϴεȫһˣϴ⣬ξǳĵϷ
ԲһḺģˮݺίеȻ˵һ䡣
𣿡ݺе̲סʵ
ǸҪҵŮˣһȢģһõġˮűеηη˵
ݺȴһЦˣЦ滨ĸоԼҲҲΪʲôЦЦˮ⣬ҲûΪԼˮǰ죬ˮ󡣬ЦһԳЦôһεЦ
ǲǿңһһʱͻᷢʵܺõġ
ݺ΢ЦţǰСˣղίһɨ⣬֣ˮղŵΪûжôУֻǸовΪ˴һ·𱻱һ£ее㲻Ӧ
㻹СҪ˵Щ嶯ĻˣξԭСһΣ´һ㡣ݺ˵ҧгݵӡ
ֻˮеСŮ˵Ŀɰ
ˮݺӵĻ֪ø˻ѹ
̣
ݽ㣡
ˮ
ǲ£
ţǸ顣ݺѾָƽʱӣ˷һƴµĳֳŮ˶Ůζ
ǲǶÿʮо٣
ţҶЩǮƵϼһˣÿǮǵҲҾ¥£Թ㿴ǲǿʵĶ㡣ݺˮգգˬˮеĵ˵
˲ݺ¥ʱĻ˿ǣоǺܰ䣬ˮ޳ҪֵĮȴºʱһճ˵˵ĸо˺Ľ뿿˫۾رζüһɫɰƽ
ݺ޳ķ£վˮԱֻһͷ⣬һŶׯŵģ峺ǰ裬Բβһ˵Ļȣ˫ȱֱ޳һͻ뵽ͤͤ
һɫˣؼ棬ͤͤǣӯӯ̣ʱױϴ
˱߱ģֻһЩɻ⣬ˮӦÿӶʮ㣬Ǽˣ˵ϡΪ̫Բˡ
ˣѾЩ˶ˣԺСһ㣬㡣ݺӺͻȻ뵽ˮǵ˵
ˮ鷢ûвŹأ˼ʣʹЩ֮飡
һѶǵˣǺʲô˽ӴҵĻԴ
Ѿˣ˼ݺӻͷˮЦ
ˮʵղѾжŻ뵽ԲŻ˵ĻԼĹĿʶҲƱѰǿܶ࣬춼һԼʶ
ݺҲǸСأڰϣ
ҪҪݺüʵ
Ҫݾߣ˵Щֻǲǵȴͷɣ
ô㣿ݺüϾҲǸ⣬ԷڰУǾͱʾݼѡˮ¡
㲻õģһ͵͵ĸ͵ݺ¥ģˮգգÿ۾ݺȴһȻһƺΡ
ܿ˾͵ݺ¥ϣ˲ر࣬ˮɨһۣһ¥Ĵ¡ˡĺӡһŮеĿŮ
ţˮһ˺һƣ뷢԰ףȴǸɾ쳣Ҫ˵ʣͨͨȴһˣ۾յļӤĺ𪣬üëѾһ֮˿ɷһһ
ٿ꣬ݵϽüĿֱͦ촽΢һǼ㲻֮ˣ޳һ¿Ǹӣˮעƣһѳϵ
˼ˮͷ
ٿʱֶԷҲȤĿԼĿо棬ˮ΢Цͷ˲ˮҲ΢΢һЦֻǸоԼסһ㡣
ˮһ̲ס˵Ŀͨ
죬ʲôʱˣҿǱ˫ǿ̫죬ͻûˮˮֹţ
ֻˮͨʱԿеһ˿ղŵľദһ˿ɡ
ˮûʱΪˮ˵ľ͵ģﶼŤWͣмθϸִ͵ľλγɴ۵ĶԱȡ
ˮ֪Լ˵ʶסߵݺûзֻ֪Լһˣˮ֪˾ǸˣֻǲΪʲôԼ
ʵˮ֪ԷΪ͸ˮǸͷӣԷԲðζˮǸδɵˣԲŻ˼Ȥ
СֵܣͷӺɣ
ˮоһɣ֪ԷȥʶͬʱҲ˴
ˮһһЦֻߵȴһȻĿˮҪˮһ㡣


78 ﾭγ
ݽ㣬óλ˼㣡ˮݺ΢Ц˵
ݺӵͷȻЦЦ뿪ˡ
ˮߵ˶ԱߣүСӿʲô飿ˮͷ¡
û²ԵοҵһۿСֵܾ͸оرԵ˼ҿĵ˵Ʈ飬˸оر
ҵֱӽˮСҲУҲоүͦԵġˮ׺˵
ˮ֣ͷҽаﾭγҵӰ޷㣬ǿϷհܸоǺԵ˵ݺ¥ĺǽһֻû뵽Ѿֻ꣬ܵ죬˸оźﾭγº͵Ц˵
ˮͷһߣ֪ˮ֪컹ˣүӻǸ֮ˣһ죬ھȻĸˣֻҪǿӲһ㣬ƾʵֱӳԵ㣬ҿԺ׵ùػڣǶûʵصġ
үӣպҺϰʶܿϾͿԳԵˡˮеε˵ϾԼṩģ
Ŷ̫ˣҾ˵ˮԵ𣬺úãҪ洫Եôó𣿡ﾭγȻܿġ
ǿӲһڹӦóԵˣүүҲǵģбҪ˵һͨûҲûгԵ⵹ãҪ˰æ޷һһ߷ߵ˵
޷棬δʵҲʶһķ͸ȺʽƽյǽΨһ취˵ô죿ﾭγȻ˵
ƺ˵ʲôֻӺû˵
ˮǵİﾭγо˼ҵǻӦñΪӳɫͨﾭγ˫ɣǵУԸܵѾ鿴ֵõɮ
޷棬סҪõھݴ½ɳһɾͣǺҪģһ˵ǹƥһ㵽֪Լôġ
֪ˣүү
ﾭγЦЦȻŰ޷棺㾭ڼң۸ֵͽܶ˲ʵ죬оʵΣ
޷ͷ룺ʵλͬ˶ԵУҲǿ뵱ģʵ۵Ļ˿ʤҵʮӦòʮˡ
޷棬Ϊ޶֣˵㻹ֻǾ֮ܣ˵˿ʮµͲֹʮߵˮʮ֮ڴ㡣
޷Ķˮ˫֮ǻɣ仰үүǾ;ԼٲˣԽܣһССİУһԱԼҪСӮԼʵڸое㲻˼顣
ˮҲһû뵽ﾭγ¾ҲЩĶûУȴﾭγչյԼϣˮڿ޷֪ԷһԼдġ
ү˵Цˡˮ
ﾭγҲʲôʼչŵ費Цݣˮǡݡȡе㲻Ȼ·оûܿһ
ڴʱݺ¥ŮӶ͹ŵϤ˳Ũζʱ˶ĽĿ
ζԵζͷ߹ٵطζһֻùﾭγɫȫĺ㿪˵
ˮ޷棬ұ߳Աģﾭγߴһ䣡
ˮֻǳھͣ£ŰүԵòֺ
˵ˣΪ˿ǵġ˼䡯ֵĲܺ㲻£Ҳֻζ࣬ڸʾͲࡣﾭγ˼ںĵ޵
ˮҲǾȣˮ֪ﾭγ˵ġ˼䡱Ǿգݺ¥ﻹҪԼṩĺ㡣
û뵽ջô󣬲Եζʶ㣬ͷӺܿģˮͷҺһﾭγƱ
ˮæƱ
үӣǲ˿𣿡ˮʵ
ţǰʲô𣿲˿ĴСͷӻ֪һģ˵ԵʲôͷӰæֱ˵ͷڲ˿һӵġ˿ˮ֪һЩ飬ʲôѰ顣
үӣ཭ǵʵΣ


79 ֮˿
ﾭγˮȻЦǺǵʵݴ½ʶ٣Բ˿ʶ٣оʵôʶġ
һ⣬ˮԼ֪Ļ治࣬Ҫʣǰ˾ԷǵÿԽ˵һ£ԼѷĴ½֪ʶ
ү˵СˮϿҵ˵
ﾭγЦЦͷ
¾ݣݵش¾Եһʵݵδ֪Σյ򣬱ǰɽû˴ΪûоͷûߵͷˮԴ
ˮᣬϾԼа꣡
˿аʮһ֮һҲλãռعޱȣλսλò
˿˾ڣ߳˿Ȼش͸ط⣬˿аʮһǣǾ֮һСһ֮һ
ǵСˮ֪ģϾ춼Ǻѷ֡
ﾭγȿڸնĲˮɨһ۴Ľϵĳ˽ŵ˵཭ĿǣǵһָĴңǵıߣҵʵβ֪Ͼڲ˿ʹ˿һЩʵҲöڱ档
ﾭγĻˮһҿһ֮
ԼԼȥҴһ˵û뵽ԸôЦɣԼŵĸңԼʵܶùһ֮𣿡ˮокǿɬ
ˮһﾭγүֵĿԼˮǿЦЦ
үӣǲкܶ찡
ﾭγ΢Цҡҡͷһֻйɵţˮɺͳεģ˭ʵǿ˭˵Ȩ𡣡
ˮеɻҡҡͷҲǺף
˵ɣֻǲ˿һǣĳЩϰҪӲ˿İţҪ˿ɸΪ˿ʵҪǿ̫࣬˿ǰǵĿɽﾭγˮ˵
үӵ˼˭ʵǿͿһһˮɻʵ֪ݴ½ΪֻǾ嵽һ̶˼뷴ûôת䡣
ţܴˮйڣҪҿ԰㣬Ȼһ϶æС黹ǿ԰һµġﾭγ΢Цȴϵ˵
ˮµﾭγһˣϾǿ཭Ŀǣҿһ֮ǿĴڡ
ллүˣҪһæġ
ȻԷ˵ǺϣˮûԵ޹ʵĺޣûԵ޹ʵİˮ˶Լûͼֻǲ֪˵ͼıʲô
ǺðɣҪæԽͲȼֻҪڲ˿ͻǰȥ㣬Ҳȥʱ䲻ܱ֤ڲ˿ͺ˵ˡﾭγݸˮ̻ͲĶ
ˮӹֻˮªţ֪ǡ콣ڡļ̻֪ô롣
лүˡ
ã˵ԵͷӻҲûжʱͷˣ˵ԵʵԵûôԵһۿԿ˫ԻáﾭγȻЦ
ˮоﾭγĵ͸вɵĶ˼ҸǺøӣﾭγĻˮ˼
ү˵ԵĪʲô԰ﵽϵģˮﾭγǷ͸Լ߿ʲôϾԼûʲôִѵġ
ﾭγˮ˵ﲻﵽѾνˣҲ֪֮ǲǿԳɳҸоպǳôҲΪ󱲻Ե·
һˮе㾪ﾭγҲе̫˰ɣҲе̫ԶˣˮԾĻΪ˽ԵԼֻǿеɳǱˣȻϧðźҶԿˮһеܳ
ֻ֪ﾭγͲ⣡
үĸоԺɾͣˮЦˣ
ֱ׼ȷģͷȴ˫۾ˡﾭγЦȴǸһֵõ˵ĸо
ֻСҪʧˣˮ̾˵
޷ͷ˵Ե˵˫໥õĸоȴŸҪһֽ͡
޳ΪһһЩоܿġ
ү˵ˣСгһճͷأһסϽԮպСòͲᱨϵģ


80 Сݺ
ˮͰﾭγһЩ⣬󲿷ֶˮʣﾭγشˮһʱ֪ණĵطԼǿҺɣֻǶǲ˿ģ˿콣ڡȡϻš޽š
޷ͷβû˵һ仰ˮǸˣҲǸϲ˵ˣˮȻûȤ
ﾭγү뿪ˣ޷˵һ仰һдġ
ˮЦĿ뿪ĵĽͲװɾȻ¥ȥ
ǻе¥ȣװȻûҹݻȴһ֣ĿĵλáҰԽϺãҹܲñ˴¥¾ܿ¥ϵŮںڰɡ
ҹһЩⷿһЩ˵ҪڴǰݣŴϵȺݣȻǵĽǶȿԿ棬ȴǿǣʹĳЩ˿ı̬뷨ԺҲйصġ
ˣ
ˮˮһεķϿ£
ȻŽȥݺվڴǰˮߵߣӲ濴ݺغȴر飬ɢŮζˮԡ
˵Ůζˮ뵽ǰһЩŮζĽͣŮζҲһҲһŵʽҲһǳǳЦ⣬Ҳһ䵭ʺҲһԵĹػҲһľٶҲһİҲһԵķӦҲǲ¶ƷζҲǴҲ̬ҲЦĵ黳Ŀɰһ仰
ˮŮζʲôʱݺӵĻﴫ
ʶλ˼ңݺӻͷʵ
ʶʲô𣿻ݽ֪ﾭγүӣ
ˮÿκݽ㶼ֺĸоеֻе̼
ﾭγ˵λүӽаﾭγݺӾȵʵ
ˮɻˣݺӵ˵ʲô
ݺӿˮ֪ˮڵԼĽ̲ͣסĵˮһۣҲ̫˿콣ڵǽаﾭγֻǲ֪ǲһˡ
콣ڣˮղﾭγᵽ콣ڣΪ˿ƿ콣ϣռŲ˿ĿǣʮǶҪ콣Ϊף
ˮǰϸ룬опܣ뵽ﾭγ˵ڲ˿мֱ棬ݺ˵ĺпܣϾ¶˫켶޷ȵʵû˵Ƕôǿ
˼ҵʵòӦúпܣŰﾭγһòüĿǺͳԶĿҾ˵ʶˣ˵ıһݺ˼˵
ݺӵĻˮ˼ĪԼĿʶ½ȻԼҲĵǾ͸оһ춼ͻƲĶĥˣ
ݽ㣬콣ʵΣʳˮеŤղԼʰﾭγʵҲʷ
ݺӲ֪ЩԺȻı飬תɳϣһŵĴһϣ֪ŵʼϳķϣɢԿܵ
ˮǿԼе͵Ŀ⣬ݺü΢ˮæεתĿ⣬ûб˼ǸоĺʣҲɼһһҲǺܵġ
ݺӺԵбˮһۣСӹܶ࣬ƫƫ˵ϲ̲סˮһ䣺ʲô
Ժ㣬㿴óԣ˵ܲܡˮ˵
Ϊʲôҳԡ
˵꣬ݺһκһƬ㻹ңȥɣܱˮεռ˶ԴˣҲûվˮ
ˮҲǴˣôҲû뵽ݺӻ˶ֱ뻳ǲŷԼȻѾס塣
˵Ƕ죬ȴů紺ݺҲǴĺֻܱǵ£һˮŷµĽرǰѹȣĸܵѾͦ͹㡣
ˮ˫ֲ֪ʱݺӵĸǻļ촽ȻȻݺӺԸӣ
ݺӳ״ˣ㵵΢ţˮպñ׾İͷݺӵĿУҵĶСס˱ݺӿĽҺһ˿ҵ˱Һ
ˮͷѲ֪ʲôܵţмݺӵıݣ˫ʶĽݺӱסˮܱ̬ġ
أ
Ҳ֪˶ʱ䣬ˮоЩʱɿݺӵС죡
ȿȣݺ̰ĺſ
ҪҰݺ˿κ죬ˮݺǷۺ촽ǵ΢΢ͣԸޱȡ
Сӣ֣ݺĽһ䡣
ˮϽɿϸ֫˫֣ԽϸԽԽġɧ飬ˮݺǲǾׯȴĵŮء
ˮɿݺӻղŵϸĴζζ̲ס̧ͷݺȴݺӸӵĿһ飬ȴǻҵĶ㿪
ԼôˣһٵıСռˣһαһι֣һʲôԼûԣ̫ˣȥȻݵġݺͷٵ
Բϲ㣬ĺϲ㣡


81 
ˮʶ˵˺׸ܵ˵滰ϵĻ
ݺӵͷû˵
֪ʱ򲻸ú˵Բ𣬵һ˵һΡҺϲ㣬ϲòϲķ飬ϲ֪ԣҲαʲôڣҳҺɫŮҿƲסԼģռеĳ嶯ҲԺ󿴵ƯŮһϲֻҶָ᲻µĸоĳһоܣҲ֪ô˵ˮеԳе˵
ݺӵǳԾĿˮ֪ݴ½˼û˵˭Լɫûһ˻һŮǰ˵ԺƯŮҲϲҸô̹ϡ
ǲıֻ̹ǶԼģ
ЩѲôҪҪԼѾɲӡǣݺӶԼеգе㲻֪롣
ˮݺӱԼŪңԥһĽ·һ£ݺôһ˲ʧ񣬿ˮǲɣȴǺÿ峺ӿһ˿Ρ
ˮллģϲ㣬Ҳܿģ֪֪ǸѸһܺ˳ˡݺǿЦˮ
Ѹˮر⣬ݺͽʮάţ޶˵ĴŮֻû뵽ǹѸ
Ϊݴ½ҲǺܿţŮȻܾƽȵҲѭǿΪĹأɣһЩŮˡ
һһ㣬ǾǹѸѸھݴ½һֲĴڣԽĹѸԽǿ˷򣬺ġޡ˵Ĺǣһ޷ܣԲŻĵ
Ѹһֻޣһ˶㿪ȻһЩϧĵģҲԭڣݴ½һֹء
Ѹ˱뾭ͬ⣬ǺǰĹأٺΪǮ˵ȨǼ޸ǮƵ˼ҵŮӣʹŮҲˣֻǸδҲУҪȢȥ˾ͿˣΪҵ
ȻŮͬʵĻ˵δ޾Ǽ޹ȥкҲ޷ֻҪŮӲзҾͻȥȻټ޵ȻԸзعҲԣΪ긾ҲǺصġ
ˮ׵ݺӣرԸеǺǰӳİ𪻡ȣ뵽òĹѸпĹǣֻǲ֪Ǽز۵ĺӡ
ǵŮǷܵǰĳܲסһֱ꾫ĺ֮أ䵽ˣ
ҲںǲǹѸֻǺǻ㣬ϲܾҵǰϲߣ˵СŮ˿ɰӺĶˮסݺԼС֣ое
ݺûˮ黰һµŵĿˮϲĿˮ
ɬҡҡͷˮ㻹ᣬٹͻὥʧȥԽĸоڻҵΪأлЩǲ˵ģ
ˮüͷ𣬶ھݴ½ĹѸˮ֪һֱû˵룬һˮǲУΪˮӵݺӡ
ˮ̤ǰ̸飬˫ʱûסڼﾭγ֪ʹȹϵҲǹϵ
ǰˮ֪ȹϵǿû뵽ݴ½ҲˣˮȻ뿿ȹϵҲѹԼĸ飬ˮоһ㣬һԼʵﵽ۷壬Ͳع򣬹ǸûָģΪʲôֻһֳ󴩵ƵŮÿۻǮƵӵʮ绨ˣԺõģõģҵ˷ָ
Щʲôʵ԰ƽˮݺӵİ𪻬˵
ݺˮԼֻǸӣˮҡҡͷҪ֪ľͺãҲֻǲýˣоǡ
ݺµĺܲȻ˵㣡
ʲôĪǻ㲻죿ˮоԾĴࡣ
ûСǲҹˡݺеɰС˵
ˮˣùˣǿ͵͵ˣˮе棡
ݺ˵Ҳĵʹף͵͵̧ͷʱӯӯˮһ¶СŮ˵ʡ
ô¶һ
ݺӳĬߣһ˵ҪһԸȢңԷſϷ֣ΪʵˣԷҲӣ
죬ٻ죬ˮԼСΣΪ˳ͷ뱧ļ˹Զôѣ죡
죬ǧ˶֮⣬Լܴﵽ죡


82 Ȼǽ
㣬һʱ䣬һȢģˮŬſɿӡ
˭Ӧˣее㽿
ݺį˵úɣҪں˼ˣѾˣˣ㽫гɾͣбˣŮ˻ܶģʱʲôˡ
ݺӿŴ⣬ͤͤĿңԶįεˮıһ㣬ԼôСײ˵κͱˮᵽˡ
ʵһжʵ֣Ȳ˵ݺӻϲԼʵԼΪһ飬һɣ
ˮ֪Լ˵ʲôԣݺ֪ŮϲԼˮţоԼڲǿơ죬޷ѶԼŮ顣
ûԵ޹ʵĺޣûԵ޹ʵİŮϲ˵ǿǰŮϲ˵Ǯʵһģûдֵ۾ģ
ݺ˵һ仰ˮݺӸԵ
ԺҪ͵͵˵ĻҾ㣬ô˵ƤŮ˶ʣҲԻʧȥţǻϤϧ̫ۣ
ˮԣ֪Сţ۲ݵ˵ûУݺ仰ĺԣСţ۲ݣֻԼ۲ݣ
ˮ뿪ˣĥӲݵˣҲֻǴݺӵ壬˵ڴﵽľ磬ô˵ϲеġ
ǽϲĻϣϲԷüëԸеҲ㣬ûпʼϲôаʹɺתҲҪøСϲĽ׶Σ
صҩѾ磬ˮĸζεЦЦˮ֪ĸѾ֪飬ˮԴʹԼһ磬ɵЦ
Ǽˮˣ̾ˮЩŮ˻ǲܶģΪǶ䣬ѪգҪɫԻ裬ŮɫǰİʯһСľͻ񣡡סˮɢŲƽ˵
ˮ֪ĸ˵ĶʵݺòŮӣĸҲ˵ˮ֪ĸǺܵԼԼŮɫܲסջץס㣬Ȼͻ׵ıһŮ˴߳׻ٵ
ףİɣЩõҵģˮĸ׷ĵЦݡ
ˮ֪ݺӶأײǸ飬˭һڱǸŮˣֻҪϲĶãﶼ֧㣬ֻﲻϣ㻹ûгɳͱŮסͬӢڣˮԴȺ͵˵
ˮԼĸףǺᣬֻȫԼϣĸΰȸɽϸˮ
ˮһûиףǸԼĸףΣΪĸ˶ί˶ٿ࣡
ˮȥһҹӣ˫һʱϰ㽣Ѿл򣬵㽣Ҫһ֣һϣӼʮ࣡
ȫһ㽣˫ľϣֱӽǱһҪӲָȵľϵһ
ˮ˫죬ˮΪֵ㽣ú˫ˮԭбʽȻҲǾ΢ˣ
ˮҲڷеãһֽ֮佣ʵս㽣Դ̴಻ĸսף
ˮɾˮһܵĺ㣬īһޱȣһ߶೤ٳˣȴǿʵĸоһ
Сڹ굹ǻţڹⶫһ㣬ܳˮѾڴСڹˮĴ󣬲ʱĺЩһ·磡
ˮҪ׼ȴͻȻǿӲʯͷǻǮͷٿǸĺľ沼ˮ飬ֻûзѿļ
˼Ǹɫʯͷǰˮ鱻˵ʦ޷ڻʯͷͻȻ뵽ԼһеĻ
ˮһǷֺĶһʯͷֻȭͷСȷʵصģ˵ܶرߣˮһ£źʲô
һʮϹǿһϹȻżǻɫĻ𣬽ǺʯУסʼļ
ˮֺɫʯһȦˮܼ
ȻǿһеĻ𣡡
ֱˮоϹĲʱͣϥ£һϹǿȻżɫʯ飡
ںɫʯ鱻ȥһĺɫʺ¶ɫдƣǺڻɫˮ֣ʲôΪɫĲ
ͭˮɻ󣬼
ֻϰȭʱٶˣ
ɾڹȥ죬ˮʯкڻƱϻƣ
죬ϻƿʼת䣬Ľɫ
ˮ֪ⲻͭϻʱˮΪͭأ
ˮоӦǽ𾫣ֻлƽɫûӲȣֻǽ𾫣ŻƽһĽƣӲӵɫͬʱڶӲȵĿ
ǽ֮裬ˮֻкҴСһ𾫣ˮ֪Ҫûƽɽ𾫵ĻҪһٶֻƽ
ˮˣ
ˮôһֵǵһ𾫣ڽˮҲ֪ҪһٶһΪ֮裬ͬҲˣһٶֻƽǼֵĻƽ


83 
ˮֱʱ֪𾫵ĹأǶƽˮһʱо޷ܣʲôһҹϵڱ
𾫳úĻƽоڽпܻ֣ʺС󶼳شС
ǽ֮裬аĹЧоǽ𾫴мһ𾫵ӲȺͷǿüΣϾн
ˮдҲһҵĽֹţʲô˵Ǹ϶ôۣ
ʵˮˣôһ𾫿Ըסս׶Ҷü
ôһѾֵǣ˭ô𾫴ֱӴһսףˮ͸оէ࣬ݳûм˿
ţ룬ԼûʲôˮܶߵĽ֮һҪʲô
룡룡ˮĵĽ˳
ˮЦˣ֪ԼҪʲôˣõĽ룬ˮʶмʶߴϸ緢˿ȴǷ̵Ľ룡
𾫹ˣǴ𾫵Ľ룬ˮԾЦˣȻС㡢ϸ㣬ô˵Ҳǹ˱
ˮԴһʼ֪ǽ𾫺󣬴ûҪȥǮΪˮ֪Сú˱ȻǮֵ
ˮ뵽õĽ뷨ʱһ˲ȵõƽҪˣΪ˵ˮ۽ҪԶĶ࣬ǮӵǿʵΪûʵʱȴǻ
ֻǵƽʱˮˣǷ˿ϸĽôƣûģͣôܳɽ룡
ˮģǿĻ˵£ˮ֣Լ˫־Ȼڻ¸оʣʵˮڵѾǿޱȣⶼϹǿʶԼƤЧ
ˮڵĻֻǳɣȻ߱ʵ޲ߵĶǿǿġ
ģˮĳһҺ̬𾫣ԵøСˣֻһ׵Һ壬ƳγνӲӵģɢҫ۵Ĺâʾ
ˮȥ𣬴ȥһģͣͿƳɽˣ
֪ȻɾʮˣˮԻ٣࣬һðɣ
ˮĵţˮ˵ʵõöرǶԼмֵıֵģرǻ˰ʮĶȻͷжƽ𡭡
ˮʼϰ㽣㽣עڽһϣ¿Դﵽʯͷ顱ľ磡
ˮ˫ľһʱˮץסĳЩȴץסָоģ
һϰ˼Ѱͱֽĸоʹ㽣ϬĸоԽԽ࣡
ɾˮ֪ˣָоɾ񹤵ָо᲻Դĸо
ҵָоˮĴˣÿһܴﵽǵ㽣ĸоȻ׾ɬȴǸоԽԽǿң
ˮ֪ÿһ㽣ʹ̽ҪܶʱĿǾʵս
ܿˮͱɾ˳ƣˮֱӵڴϺܿ˯ȥ
ڶϣˮ׼ʱһĳʱָһ¿̿ʯԶŶף˫ÿ񲻹ɣȴ峺׵Ȫˮ磬ȵԼǵĵ΢ЦԽԽ˸оźͿɿ
΢ЦſˮЦݿô㣡Ķӣûбȿӵĳɳһĸ׸еĵˣ
Թ緹ˮϽ֣Ȼȥˣ
̣ˮһ£ʱԩ·
̣ǺܶģǸʱͷ·ľǽͷǼҰֺẒ̇±ʰ˵
־ͺңˮǰĳ⳵רڰǸش
ܿˮǻ̵ĺɫƣ滹һĴ󺺻ǿżֿ˵ıƯĻǽ
Ǯǳɳ۶ȥˮ̧ռλ൱Ļ̣ĺɫųţϵ˽
ⲻ𡣡ˮЦֹһ̣
ˮһȥ͸оһݣ
ߴĴΧźüܣ˸ֱǹꪡᡢ桢ޡﵡץۡáաǡìܡꡭ
ˮԸܵ¶ȸ࣬ڻǶ̷оá
ÿǰΧŲˣȡůİɣ
ˮﰵţ
ãʲô԰ﵽģһöˮУ


84 ߴ
ˮȵ̧ͷӳǰһŮˣرˮ̧ͷʱоر죬Ůӵòһ˾޵֣෴˸оеͨ޳ȶ˵ƽɫ
Ů˴Ŷʮ꣬Ƥ𪣬һ˫ֺĵζٷֿͨͨͨĹȴֹĸо
Ƿȴ˶·ŵĸ߸˺һѵĳ嶯֫ϸβر飬ϸ֫ԽԵβ̣ͦԲ޳˫ȱֱվһرŮ˵ĸо
ǺȴǺ꣡
ã뿴ûдϸģߡˮʵŮ˵ʱҲʱ䡣
ŶУҵĵﻹˣִģ͵̲ңȫһңԸܺ⣬ŮЦ˵
ˮЦŮԸ欵Ըڲ䣬ȻŮֻһƯ֣ӣǲӵǰԼصĻȣ֮ĻȣЩϸڲĵطȴǺҾޱȡ
ͿҺӡ뵽Ժ֮ȥ
ˮЦЦŮڼȥϾǴõģ߶ǴıԲҲ
һɫţǱ濿ǽ෿еһ䣬ܴ󣬳ҿңң
ǴһЩСģߺŶǱ˵ĴõģߣǲǺʡŮָָ۵ĽＸʮֱһϸɫ֪ʱܵСס
ⶫ͵ס𣿡ˮһԼҪģߣоᵣͲס𾫵ĸ£ɻʵ
ŮˮĻЦˣЦˮĪͬʱоŮЦĺܺÿǾ޵ȴƽĴ־ģȴκǵŮǰݵʣǾµħɢǿҵ
ģⶫʵһֻҪĹʾУ͸ͲõģֻҪа취ѾֶڻЩģ߾ܰΣģߵĲʺ⣬ģ߶һԶ㲻õͲס
ŮǳЦ˵ˮ֣ŮӵرȻζ˵ĻˮеĵǸоŮӵ͸ˡ
ŶУôãллָ㣬Ǯˮ𳤶ȴϸˮҪǸģ˵
ǺǣʮӣŮЦǺǵ˵
ˮҲǹǱˣϻǧƱʹĸˣȥŮЦ̵ˮš
㾭ӪģˮﻹмˣһǴ򹤵ģŮӵ޷ȡ
ǺǣҸ׾ӪѾüǰֺţֻǽ￴һ졣ŮԲĸо
˵ˮӿŮ˵
ǰˮ֪ŮϲУϲ˵Ĺάأ׼ϸں󣬾ͻûҪǮ⵹Ů˾ǽܲסﱻһûǮҲôײһˣ
ǰˮмоα룬ҲȻ
ǸߵĹ־Ǳߵ֤ͨ޷Ǿõȥֶκαؼƽô࣬ܿܣЦǸĵģ
ŮˮĻһűЦ绨ллĿ佱ϲ仰
ˮЦЦ뿪ˣûŮӵΪһԺãˣαһЩ޹Լӷء
ߵ˵ĵطʱˮֱӽɾģ߷ǰˮ涼ףϸϸԶһ㣬ûͨ͸ֻһһļ͹ˮ֪⣬ģһ˿˿֪ʲôʵġ
ˮϹǿº͵ʮ죬һ¡ȻѽĿʼˮڿԽõģˡ
ٴνһСˮ򣬵ˮûֹͣϵļ£һ̶ƵŨȺܵҺɢž˵
ˮȻһεһУȻͿǸµĽҺбܺ׵ȥ
һξܵһףˮ֪ϸȴǺģϾôϸÿһҡ
ˮͣлȻСĽһενҺεһף
Ÿˮ飬պõŸף
һᣬԿѾȴˮĽģ飬Ÿߴ糤ĽҫŽˮǰֻȷ˿һ㣬ӲޱȣзһûиоˮԽɵĴ̴ľ
Ҫһѽһɣ


85 ʦװ
ȻˮһѽΪܶȳߣһʹһͨ潣ҲһڰٽңԼľķеĽԼԼٶȣʵһϺų̈ס
ϧҲֻ룬Ͼڻûôݳ޵ýͽ֮࣬ΪĳЩôͽ׸ãͽ׻ϣȽ𾫱˺ܶЧһҲ
ˮպãȻɾŹȥһʱ䣬·ɾռһЩɫҩȥ
ˮԺﲻϵĳ̵ֻŮŲرƯȴǼζգˮ˦˦ͷԺľ˦һ㡣
ͻȻˮһ󼱴ٵˮ̲ס濴˭ôۣһۺһΪƥʦװĻʨ
оѾܾûʦװˮ̲סϣȴǿȻһװʦװϣϽΣϾִٲʱпܵĸо
Ծˮֹһ䣬ͨԾĿʦװ
ţѪҺټӿ죬Ϣȣи񾭺ʶ塭ˮ˲ͷʦװ״̬
һתʱʨ͵ˮߣʱ洫һҵˮ֪ʦװҩˣΪˮʱ˫ѾʿҪʧȥʶʦװ
ʦװǲ俴ˮȻһͻȻסˮӳ׷ҵˡ
ˮ뿹ܵһƷʦװı󣬴ʼֻ˲书򣬻ʨٶûС
ڻʨû˿Ӱ쵽ٶȣһʲôȻƽλǰԣߴǿ׳ĻʨˮԺǰʨͻȡ
ȻʨûʲôӰ죬ˮʦװȴڸеŤˣΪˮУֻܽʦװϸһ˲ĸоˮ
ȴƸˮʦװˮסûָˮˮˮһƬհס
ˮε壬ĽϸȴǿѾѵˮоһˮ¡
ˮѾ϶ʦװ˴ҩǺҵֻ֣ǲ֪ʦװô˻ᱻƳɹˮڱʦװ޷ƽĽȴϰ£ǳ֮ΣǾλ취
ôȣˮҲԻˣԼڿ˳ĽXXOOɺΪʲôԼų
ףô׷ˮ׷ԽԽ΢΢ͷͷһ
̲סһֿڵˮϽӱޣԭ˾ͽͼһֻ޴ļƱ
⼲Ʊʺཻ֮ɫǰ𣬺ѩףףף׳ȴǿޱȣֻ޼𲻹ٶȺǲģΨһȱʺͻϮ̾뱼Ϯ
ˮѾ־ѵʦװʱӺƽʱȻ֮𣬲ڵˣ
ʱʦװֻѾʼˮϺˮֻһֱֻסһֻץסʨͷϹעʨ壡
ˮֻ֪ҪŹһСᣬźü˵ļƱͻ㱻Լ˦
ˮʦװ󱳣ʦװǰϣˮʦװϣرˮķӳоԼҪȼӲĶʦװǻԲͦſŶĹɹ֮䣬ܶһĦ
ʨˮϹĴ߶һ˷ܼһ㣬ٶ˲ܿ콫˾ͽ˦ˮੲݵĽ
ˮһøҲûУԴĿˡְ԰ڣȻδ޻ҪĵֶΣǸޡ
ʨˮʦװĴ½Ȼⱼȥ
ͻȻˮҵĸСԹԣ
ԭˮʦװ֪ôסˮֵܣˮ߻
ҵĴձˣҲⱾɣˮʦװֱǸʵʥŮ壡
ۣˮһԭָо塢ʮ㣬ָоô˵ÿ죬еհף
ҲǱˮأҲֱʦװָһ˲ҩ߻ķɫջķ飡
ˮ֪Ҳֻ²ܿ˵ķ飬ֻǿʦװһ˲ˮϰһ
ռҴ˵ģֻռСˣˮֹţȻ˼ɣоǲŲ֣Ǹоղܣ
ʦװĺüһ㶯ޱȣŸǷסˮĲӣˮ촽ʼŪˮһƬˮ
Իǲԣ


86 ⶾ
ˮŻﱻҩԵѾʼκʦװҲǸ쳣ʦװɶȻܽⶾܾе̫ޣ
ԼڵҽҲܰⶾˮоԼ޲磬ˮһҰޣ
Ϊ˵ˮĵԼһ棬˵˽һ棬ˮԺһͷб˲ռ˵
ͷԽԽǿ
ʦװıסٵı⣬չͣů̫Ǻܲģ鶼ࡣ
ʱһʦҴСοƷжׯĴСȻһȻߵò̧ͷ۶ĵһۿϳӺܡ
ǺˮſͷʨҵܣˮִӳǾûţʦװĽϷɽԽ롣
ҲǺģȥҵطXXOOⶾѵڻĽҰҰսԼʦװƤˮΧֹһ䡣
ſң˻Ƶ
ˮһͷ鵫˫ۻָһ˿ʦװˮʦװǵһ˿Ѫ
ԭҧѪԼһ˿ѣˮؿĪһ˿ʹͣʦװûз
ôһ֣ˮXXOOͷҲûˣмľǿ־
˾ͽҩˣˮֻһ£֪ʦװԼղķԼץԼĵܵܲˮоƺԼео
ˮڸղûкúһΣȻ촽˺óʱ䣬ҲƷĶС࣬ϲûϸƷζ
֪ʦװʹεɫǽȴǽٴλָΣ˫۵ı俪ʼˮ
ˮʦװ˵Լбİ취ҩȴڻʦװСˮ˵ȥǰʮİɽ£ҵһСׯԺҵ֪·ҿܲˡ
ˮ⼸㱬ֵ·תĬĬ뵽ӵĴҪˣˮʦװýķȻˮôڵ
ʮеĻҪʱҵʱ䣬ֻһյʱ䣬ˮҲùܣȻʨ֪·Ըȥ
·ʦװٴκҵȥˮ졭ˮκֱԸޱȵ촽ǰķۺĽʧС
̰˱ʦװеĽҺһζһ˿˿ˮ̵֪ҧͷγѪ
΢ıϢˮʶʼģ˫ֿʼǷϸ嵯ĸоٴˮġ
̫ˣ
ͻȻʨͣˮ̧ͷһѾͣһС͵Сׯ԰ſڣˮСׯԺľݵĲָоλΣ˳ߵҵ
ˮʦװýŽŵſʯźأûмٽƲģӦǷҰ޵ģȴûСׯԺȴǿܼ̽ʵ
ˮȥͽŴڹϣȻʨҲׯ԰
ԺиɾʣûӲݺʦװ̧ͷɨһҲ㣬ÿ䣬ˮһȻֱӱ¥ڿ¥ݵһˮྻķԼѩ׵ı졣
ѾԼҵʦװһ˿̵뵽Ҳһ
ԺԼҲҪԼһ
ǰһ˵ĿʼһŮ˰㣬ǾɣǺ޵ҧгݣˮᶨԼ뷨
ˮԥʦװѩ׵ıУﱾŵζֻˮһֱŸĴŮﻹŵĵζ
һʼˮĻûǵɻ᲻ըʦװѱҩʧԼˮץӻߺҵǡ
ɬǼˮѪڣܿͽ˵·ѵóģˮʦװһ˿ҵ壬ѪҺ·֪ʲôڣ
ѩ׵ûһ˿覴ãɢ˵ĹӦþ˵֬ůļɣûһ˿׸⣬ȴǻԲʣûΪ¶˿Σ
֫ϸŻԲ̵ͦβˣԿߵΪβĽͦһ˿϶Ը次
˫޳ֱѩ׵ۻңȣ̲ססһһһˡ
ˮصķ֮أµĻݳǵۺ϶ˣֵĻ԰˷
ˮڳĴһȴǱѾʦװ˵ˣ˵ղ˲䣬ˮ֪Ů˵ζ
ϰϹǿˮֻǿ󣬾ŮĻҲǿޱȣˮҰһµʦװѾҩʧңѻԹȥ
ߣˮʼǺҵĽʦװǻʪĻֱһ˿Ѫ֪ŮǸŮǸϲˮʼ˶ЩˮĵӰãʹҲŪͷ󺹲żȥġ
ˮζ뱬һ˲һˮûָоԼ΢ʦװͻ὿ҵĶţˮֻпٷļͷɣһƲ֪ƣĽţˮȴһһ㲻֪ƣַʦװ塣
ģʦװһצһ㽫ˮץһֱԹȥ


87 ڶɾ
ˮų²ַ˯ȥʦװűľҲֻ˯ŵʱͣü΢ʱüͷˮ֪ԼµĴˣղŵ컳ˮо飬Ůԭôóԡ
ˮ˯ŵʦװϸļ飬Ĵǡ֬ů˵ľļɡ
ˮпպúôһ·䣬ϣʱ䣬ůӴս䣬Ϻһֲܡ
ˮʦװϱӣסٿĽŲȴܰķ䣬ипԼӾͺˣԼôһɫһҸɡ
ˮ˯ʦװһʱʱѲĴ·ߵǰԶɽԼľԼʱķɹ
ոհ˵ĵһζˮڸоܹ죬ָо˵еģϾ˼ǰӰܴ󣬺һǰĳŮǻҪƯľɫŮ˻úгɾ͸еģֻжһ鶫ⶫԴڶʦװǣҺоǻûʧ顣
Ů˶ԼĵһθоޱȣʵҲˣ¾ǰһ˵һξǸ˾ƵСҲסСһӣԶǣ
ˮͷ˯ʦװˮ̾ߵһƧ˲ɾ
һˮʹˡ
ΪˮɾȻ˺ö࣬ÿտ࣬ԭһףڳȻһʮңԭһ࣬ڶһƽԭʮĶ˲ʮĶңˮվﲻԡ
ţӦˣˮĵֹһٵıǸʯûеͿһɳ̲ˮҲһңԭֱʮжʮֻ֮࣬ǱʮңˮбܼĺڹʱϡͿһ㣬ˮоˡ
ʱǼ˲٣СѾγһѭһ㣬Ҳһ߶ͲٳˣֻǱøӺҲ⣬㱾ײУˮϵǣȺڹҲǹͷԵĻޱȣȻᲶʳЩָСС㡣
ҲãȻ㷱ֳ̫죬Ȳôó˻ɻڹĿһ㡣
ڹƣˮڻÿǣⶫٶǽһ٣ڻûвѽ׶Σ˵ڹӳԼҪ嵽䣡
룬ˮҲͲ֣ⶫû뵽ԼɾѾˣʱѾڴСЩҲСˣⶫܳǧˣ꣬ǰ˵˼˰˰Ĺ꣬ɼⶫ೤
ʮΪ֮꣬鳤ҲΪ飬١֮
ڹʳԶȻУҪΪ桢С㡢ϺϡԼʬ弰ȣˮҲΣССϺʱҲ٣ϧ㶼ˡ
ˮһٶֻڹ꣬һᷢС۾תţںڷĹǿӲޱȣˮоСرԣǵײе۾оɰˣҲˮûпʼԵԵʡ
ȻȻĹɣڹһҪԵģ˭ڹӪֵ߶ζޱȡ
ˮϴݺ¥ǳԵڹ͹͸оڹɰˣζѪֹѪʡ֬޻εȳɷ֡ͷȣȹѪȣѪѪѪ飬ա
ԷͶˣʳȡ
ͻȻ뵽һʦװûжԣҪֻڹȡ
ˮһֻڹץ޳ס࣬ȡãɾˮصˮڿռеϴľһЩϺͿʼ
˵ˮֻҪѲϷŽȥͿԣҾζޱȣϾԼɾڹ꣡
ֱʱˮԼûȥʯأˮûţæʯΪˮصֱ˶ʮף࣬Ҫ߰ȦǾʮס
滹ɾ֡
ˮ¿ֻӵſԽʱһٱһ
ɾһ㿪Զһһ죬ÿνʮţÿſٽҲҩÿţã
ɾڶ㿪Զһݹһ죬ÿνʮţÿſٷʮٶȣҲҩÿšٶԿһٴٷʮٶȣ
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ۣ֮ٶȵģ˿ʼźһһЩһǿʱһٶһʱ䣡ˮмޱǰһٶѾˮϲޱȣʱٴ߿ҲĴΪһٶȺһ롭
ɾԼܳɳǾ͸ɴɱɣ
֮֮ˮ֪ٶȵҪԣ书Ψ첻ƣٶȱ
žһٶȣȻܽ죬ҲûнϹǿĵ죬һٶʵĳЩԷӳŤתǬá


88 ֮
ˮʯϵĽܣ˵ɾѾ㣬ʱˮǸݹʲô
Աһ޼ĲԾСĹŵĹӺӼһģһֻɫɫģƯλɫֹʵδɫ
ӿѾöǾ¾ֹׯϻߴƣ᳤磡
ˮҲǲΪʲôɾҡҡͷˣǺ£
ǸպһŮXXOO𣡡
ţˮ·ץʲôȴһţ
ΪݹԵˮԶԣɾܴĿܻ֮֮Լħ֮ȻųĻûԼղ뵽ģϾЩֻǵϷοһ׼ȷ
Լɾǿ̫ͼѪԼʦװҲںϣĪǣ
ˮȵͣɾѵҪԼŮںϲ
һʱˮֻһͷɾ̫ˣ
ˮ˦˦ͷҲɺϣɺϣ
ˮ¿ɫ֮ϵ¸պʮţÿŶгȭͷСˮϴξֱʹŤһ
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ˮŽྻ֮ʹҧһڣţͦģʲôζҲûУ
ˮ֪ǺöζûУܿһ֮ǣժһܿĳ꣬Ϊˮ֪һỹҪԼ˹
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ٶȾԭָоǰֻٶȿײȻʹ󣬿ǽһ£ⲻиһ㣡ˮڵľϲ͵һ㣡
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ˮɾʱֻ˲ʱˮŹղ컵ķ䡣
߽䣡
ʦװڻ˯ü΢ʱпѹˮһ룬СӣڷľƲ輸ϣ
Ȼˮߵ齱ߣôĿʦװ֪ĻԺܿҲûУڳûлڶ࿴һɣ
ˮôһֱĿһͷ뿪֪ΪʲôͷҸоͷ·ǶԵġ
͵ˮҪ뿪ʱһ۴ϴʱʦװˮһʲô˻޽Ҫں
ֻˮҲôԼ˵δˣҪǱδ˴ҩȻԼ·ߡ
ɵδڰǺ˵ʲôʦװɾ;ʧˣӦòᴫֻߵļ˿ɾͲ˵ˡ
ʦװҵ·ﵽⶼУˮĽãرʦװʱǹ⻬˿һСϣȻûǰЩ˿ֿʲôĿŵҲѪš
ڵסߺԸеĻȣˮ峺Ŀ⸴ӵĿţֻӵУϲԶӵУֻԼرŮˣӵк󱻱ߣŮ˲Լ뿪Լ
ˮ˼֮ʣϵʦװȴ˫


89 ʦװ
ˮ˫˫һͻĮûκϲŭ޶ûС
Ŀˮ˫Ȼ峺˫һգգˮʦװе㲻Ȼо޷ӣ顣
˰ɣȥʢȣˮʵڲ֪˵ʲôֻҸתĿ꣬Ȼᱻѹĺܲ
ˮʹԼºֻͣʦװϸü΢ţǲ˵ˮˮоѾˡ
ͻȻʦװˮٿǵ·ر£һ㱻ӣȷԼһ㣬ең
һȴˮ·ҵһָоٲղôʧ롣
ȥ°ɣҪ·ʦװ˵Ȼƽʱ䣬ֻˮоȴ
еɷ֣Ҫ˵ͺã
ҪҪҰ㴩岻ʣˮŲʱüҲǻ΢΢ı仯ˮ֪ǸղŷµĴˡ
ãԼȥһ°ɣʦװñӹӵͷ˵
Ӻ˺ϧ֮ģˮĿʦװȻ߳䣬ԺôԺԼŮָô졣
ﴫϤϤĴ·вʱʹƺˮвֱŽȥԭʦװ㴩һôҲϣˮͻȻ̲סĽһ
Ҳ֪λǷŭ
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ˮһᣬղŻûᣬô˶ίһ㣬¶ıǡͦԲѩԼڵһԴˮûж࿴һѱʦװ
ҪңߣԶҲҪټˡʦװȴǺ˶ίһ㣡
ԲŪˣˮһⳡ棬ǻңȴıһ߰·ʦװҲƽֻǻ᲻ͣȥˮеаȵ
ˮ˺ôоսһͷϸܵĺ飬㽫ʦװ·á
Ǹʦװ¿棬뵽տʼˮǿƵİͰ
ȥʢȡˮԥһ½ʦװе޷ɢҵ˿˳˵
ˮǸһЪʱƢ㲼䣬ʦװĹŮҲ̲סСӣ
ˮڵڹشߣԥһСҨһףߴһ£·˺ܴľһʦװԸе촽
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ʦװ·δĿ輸ϵĹﻹðˮʦװӾ֪Ⱥ񲻺˼˵һ㡣
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ʳɫҲԷȺŮ˻Ҫů˼˵ֻгԱ˴ů˲Ż˼ȥŮˡ
ֻˮоͬŮãҪץסһŮ˵ģҪץסһŮ˵θΪˮоʦװ˴ŮҲΪʳġ
һҪȣ˴ϣͽߣȻĶĸоˮĿⲻתơ
ֱʦװ΢΢͹С³һڣǽ˵Ķˡ
úȣġʦװһĹ˿貵϶ˮܵĵͷ
ˣּĹǣջˮŲʦװɢ֮˷ŮζѵԼղڸŵĽ
𣿡ˮſڲ֪ôͱĳһ仰ⲻ
Ȼʦװͷ˽Թ˵㻹˵
˵˵ⲻиԸ㻺ʹ˵׼ָˮεЦЦ˵
ʲôĺ۰ɣ̧һĨߵĿˮʵ
ˮ˵ĵȻ֮óž׼ʦװģϾԼô˵Ҳ飬ԺôкôҪһģҪһһ죬ǰڵһ̡
ʦװ
ˮˣѵݴ½ӣϴεУһοҲˣ
ܳˮɻʵεˮֻܹʼʩҪǸͷ
ڷʢϣѱ˷֣Ż죬һ㶼ᱻЩãÿһһٶȣÿһֻ޳ţҲһٶȣҲֻһٶȣ˵ôĶ
ʦװˮһóһǴλðɫ֪
ݴ½ĶƥĶϧǲܶԣȻÿʮţˮٶȾզ࣡
һҵģֻ˵ǸöʣµĸҪˣסûáˮƤգ˵


90 ϵ
δ֪˲ϵıˮֻҪ鳬ˮĽͷΧ͵ðλͨ˼ҡ
ҳԣʦװе㾪ȵʵ
ˮͷܿ϶ĵͷ
ҪˣʦװĿˮ
ǣҵڶҪˡˮӣ֮ݹȥ
ʦװûӣĿˮֹţôСǸ棬պҡ˵ǸҪŮ˻Ƿᰡ
˭ҪˣΪʲôأŮҲиԵʱ򣬻оŮ˵ĺر
ҪףѾֲֻ㡣ˮʦװ˵
Ǻǣ仰˵㻹ͦТ˳ģϲТĵˣТΪȣôԣ¶ӯֻҪǸТ˳ТĵˣͻǸˣǸˣҵʶТĵʲôԭ¡ʦװѵǳЦ˵
ЦΪʲôЦЦءˮʦװ羪һõǳЦַĸоþòع
ʦװһбˮһۣ컬ģ㱾е㺩û뵽ҲǸޡû񣬷·еκ͸̾޳
ܱ޲ãҲΣҲ֪㵱ʱһȴ
ӻ˵ʦװֱӴˮϦһ㣡
ˮεЦЦ̬ҲԼı°ɣ֪Լĵһ˺ˮоװ׵Ӱӡ
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ȻҺҪ˵ݸʦװ
ƶ죡ıҲСռˡ˵ӹ֮
ҲǵһεģˮС˵
ȥʦװһ䡣
ˮԹָ֪ܻ֮ˣԿʦװԼڵӦö˰ɣóֻ֮û뵽Ȼʶֹӡ
ʦװָ˶ٶҲһĵڷСȵĿ߶ʱĵڷתȦ̤һ飬ˣϵĳ΢Цôһ˿ΪŮ˵ķһ㡣ˮֻǲ֪ΪʲôܿӦһٶȡ
ǸɲԲҪ߱飡ˮŻʦװǳЦ˵
ţȻҲŲ鷳ġʦװɴ˵
ˮҲֻһ¶ѣ֪ʦװƽʱô˵ô˵Щ顣
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ˮеӣʦװȴǳϵ˵ԺҪÿܸһһΡ
ˮЦſʦװŮĺ
߰ɣǸ˾ͽԺô죬Ϊʲô˵ءˮǲʵһߡ
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ˮıʦװĻˣˮ²ҲʦװɼҲʲôΪѵֻ˾ͽܽһʱˮ뵽ܶܶ࣬ĻԼ޷Ϊˮ֪ĸԸԸ飡
ˮʲô£ˮ֪ڲʱ˻ͽķգҲû˵
һ˹ʨֻǸоȴǲͬʱȻ컵ʦװʶģȥʱ־ѣվͻе
رˮ§ʦװʦװԲΣһܴ̼̾壬ȴִ̼ĸоˮر̼ʦװŭϴ
Ҳû취վŮҪûһ㷴ӦǻȥأʳɫҲ֮𣬴ҽһ£һˮûʵŽڡ
ͦأռұ˻˳ˣ΢΢ʦװ߷ߵ˵
һ΢΢һ£ôһˮǰķ굽ǽĹɹ֮УȻ·ͬʱһ
ʦװ˲ޱȣˮʳ֪ζıסϸʨܶӲǹɹ֮ĦȻ굫ȴƱղŵ浶ʵǹһܡ
Ϊʦװѵģ
͵ˮоޱȵܣһ͸ܵʦװһ΢ĲҲоһɳȵʪ⡣
ԭѾ˿ֵɽ


91 ң
ˮѾ̱ʦװǳգεˮޣŮԭζ
ˮ֪ŮôʦװŮˮ֪ȫ¶ģڻʱĺһ˿ζ㺹Ӧ˵ľŮ˰ɡ
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ȥɣˣסԺ㣬ҪȥңҶкôʦװͣ˵
ˮ§ʦװϸͷǾӨĶһºŮˣʲôĵŸ˵һ취ģһᾡ
ˮįȴǼᶨ˵ţĿ峺ĿʦװҲǸܵˮ˿ذûйˮǾŮˣʦװĵͷһһ뿪ˡ
ǵõıӰԽԽԶʧԶ
ɽˮڣֻǲӰ
ˮ춼Ѿˣ̫ƫ紵ˮоҲһ˸о绹̷ģϾǺĶ졣
·ʱˮԼ⣬ȻŲʵԼȥˮǵóʱһ棬û뵽Ǻܺá
ȥˮһֱ̾˵ȻϡͿľͺʦװŮ֮£ڻͷ뻹ɺ̫ˣѵԼӽ쿪ʼҪʱתӴԺŮƣԴ
ʵˮлһ뷨ǽʦװδ˾ͽŪŪ°̱˵
뵽ˮоԼǲҲ̫ˣ£Լһʲôء
صҩУˮֻԬӱǰæһЩҩչ飬Ԭӱкˮȥǰҩ԰
ߵҩ԰ï׳ҩɢһƬһƬĴҽ֯ߵϾҩݵ෱࣬ԵĴСɫҲǲͬġ
һƬƬïҩˮֱɾĳˮ࣬жˮһ롢ˮ
˵ɲ²ˮֻװͿǲû׷ʣһǱȽ׽ܵġ
ӺУˮоׯֶˣ˹̶ʱˮʱ䶼ȥǵĴԱˣصҩݣϾˮҲҩˮҲϹеǿжҩݵ̶ȡ
ݴĵط˵ǿоǿҲǺܳЩϹ̽ˮû¾ͻϽȥЩҩݼеĽֵǷԼϡҩݡ
ҹʱˮͻɾŬһУϹǿϹ롢ȭо
ˮֻϰûʵƣˮʱڹӣϾ֮ٶһϰдǿٶʱŤתͱľˮȰѹá͸
ɾˮӰңʱһһûʱӰѾ̫࣬ڸǶ˼ִݺС
ˮӰԽԽٶȷʵԽԽ죬ٶȺܿȴǲһÿһĿȳƣ
ˮһ˿޵Ļȣһֿĵ΢Ц
кҪˮֹͣ
ˮҲϰһ֣ķ࣬ٶһ࣬һٶֽ׶ˮһʵ
ȻȲͬҲǺѵãĳѴʱԵĸܿɹˡ
ףˮȵķʶĹң
ʲôˮʲôҲû䣬Ǳ˸֣
ңңȹˣˮ΢ЦţںʲôֻҪʵС
ˮɾӿԼ˽˿ռ䣬ͬʱҲԼܣҲһڣǲκ֪ܡ
ɾеҩݳƱǿ˺ܶ࣬ϾЩѾмʮˣɾˮǿɢǿ
ЩҩݵĲԶˮеõһ÷ˮ֪Ϊʲôݴ½÷٣ֲ֮ΪϡȱΪǰѧһ÷ʫǽ֦÷躮Կң֪ѩΪа
ˮϲʫ⾳
Щޱȵҩݣˮǰ𵤣뵽һŽҪĶֲ϶ϵģЩеҪɱ޲ܵõܵǡߵţޡţơ¹ססϬǵȵȣЩеĶ޾˺㲻˺׸
Ҳϵģ


92 ˫
ˮ֪ԼʵƮڣͻƵ컹ҪӼѣϾޱһǿĴڣҰޡޡ޴ƻĶ࣬ǴﵽԺ߱һЩ򵥵˼ά
ɱ̸ףλ۷һ죬ǿߣĸɱһոմﵽ޸ֱܣֻʣǸһΪȴǾʧ۷Զ
Ϊ˵־ݺӵүүҲΪΪݺӲųΪһӵʵӵܵӣϧǼҺ̫ã޷ܴ˵޸ûһغ
ҲǴݺ֪ݼԭĴڣڰ֮ҲһЩҵЩݼλΪϵġ
ݼλΪˣİ˳ɲҵһҹ֮׷ůǽƣǶϣʵǱϣ
ˮдܴʵرҪԣݴ½Ϊ𣬱ңиĴڣ˵ׯǰҲǿվסһ˫ãиͿڰǿһսߣ
ڶ죬ˮ׼ȥҹӣϾü춼ûȥˣԼǰȥһΣȥκˮֽĸоԼһƬů
ÿο˫˸оԼھݴ½ϵѣ֮ԼˣÿμоرУϾھݴ½ˮʶûмˣˮֻݺ¥ҹطȥ
ʦװѾüûѶ˾ͽҲûʲôѶˮҲϣֻǻᾭʦװ뿴
ˮҹʱûп˫ֻǼ޹ȻǣˮԴѧֿͨ˿Կܶණٿ΢ĸܵĲ
ڣˮоĹ޹ȴǷꡢǣȻϿ
˫أˮúƤϰ߽˫ˡ
Ŷ⼸Ҹ˵⼸첻ˡ޹Ŀĵ˵ˮĿûһ仯
ʲô£ǲ˫ˣˮƽʵ֪ǽ֪޹鿴ϵʲô鶼ԿʲôŲ£ѹֻ˫
ˮֱ˫˵飬Ӧòܴ󣡵ҲֹۣܲϾˮܸܵ޹еǡ
޹ĿˮˮĿ峺޹̾˫жˣǰȥӳҩʦⶾȥˡ
ж޵ĶˮеǸ˫ʵֻҪٶȼӦÿԱһ
ǽ𻷾ĶҪ˫ӵÿ롣޹˵
𻷾ˮ֪춾ߣˮڡ־졷֪𻷾ִһ㳤ʮңֱһңͷԲΣͷɫабͷࡣͷβкڻĿƲڻƻȿͷ¡𣬱һƬΡβ϶̣ĩ˶Բ
нǿĶԣҺ񾭣˥࣬ˮһֻȹϵϣ֪Ϊʲôǲ
˫һȥӳǣˮ޹Ƿѽʵ
ţ㲻õģҩԿһµĶԣֻҪҵҩʦŪͲʲô顣޹˵ǿˮǵӷ·ҵһ㡣
ÿ˶Ǵģˮ֪ҲûʲôˣûʲôѣȻͲ˫һǰӳǣȻ˫Լ֡
ˮ뵽ԼڵҽҲûʮգˮ޹˵ˮǺϤģֻ޷ƣΨһƵľǽҩ
а취ϵ˫𣿡ˮüΣŽɽҲܶԼõõȴ޷ơ
˵һ²ǷֵõʵȥӳҲͻȥһط˼ûа취˫Ҳֻܻˡ޹̾Žǲ
һǸ㣬ǸеҹˣڷαװΪԼõġ
ҵַҲһа취˫ֲһ£ˮڡ־졷ϿͨĽ𻷾ǰжÿҩάһ£𻷾Ķʹ죬ǳ׽ⶾֻάֶʮһ㡣
νͶҽ޹ɵĽ˫ǰȥӳǵһҩʦ˵˳ˮھľݣ˭ֻҪ˵ܾ˫ͻţԸκδۡ
ˮʱ޹и̾Լдĵ鷳ˣ
ʵˮˣ޹ȻͶҽ˵ı¼Ӵˣ̻֮أɫ֮飬ʲôûˮԽȥҹȻɺϵżȻ


93 ˮһҩ
ˮμס޹˵ӳǵѦң޹˵ѦҵҩʦѦү˫ʦ֮˫ȥӳѰҩʦһȥѦҡ
뿪ҹˮһ·˼ԼǷǰȥӳѰ˫Լǰȥʲôã޹ûȥԼͬ޲ʲôʸȥء
ĿĵڰǵĳϣӶ˫һЦһ򭣬㻪֪һ鲻ͣ
ͻȻˮоһ紵ˮ֪Ƿ磬˿߶ķ磬ֻԽԽоҪײоǳԼ
ˮѸٵĶһۿһײԼ
ˮѾǺܲˬˣƫƫڻв۵ļһ£ˮٶȾޱȣԹ֮ǲͬն
ˮֻ㿪׾٣ˮںܲˬ뷢йٶȣᵵײȥ
һҽ
ˮŵڵϵ꣬ʮͣǡڶۡƤڶҴֲڣһʿСϸо۲ס
ĸ׵ģүСҲҴ򣬲֪˭𡣡һ
ˮüͷ𣬿ڵļˣͷʮۡӥǡ촽ֻƤе԰ףĳгۣʱζŵĿˮ׳ա
ˮѾλ׳ռԲУ۹ӳ߿ӵܣûֶܹۣͬҲ죡
ˮƢܺõģֻһۣǾĸףˮ꣬еһĴꡣ
ʲôĸ׵ģٿ

ˮˣʯһţҲһ˽ĿɣͷƤ顣
ʹҹˮͷҲûлصĵ˵
ʱˮʣµЩֻ˵оһħգۼүѾڵϣˡ
ʣµļ㿴ңҿ㣬Ȼ̧Եٵ뿪
ˮȻƵҩȥղɵƾͲˬɱ֣ˮ̫Ŀɱ䡣
ֻûзԶһͷԵӰԶԶĿˮ߽ҩС
Ǹ˲ûȥźü˴һȻȥɫŹ֣
һˮûзֻûҩˮһֱ˼ڤ룬뵽ǰϷƷһҩҩҩҲǽҩûʧһ˵
ˮһԣҲûʲôʧ
ˮҪҶҩһҩܳҩҲֻһЩҩݣˮֱȥԼҩ˼ꡣ
ȻˮԼûҩõҩ¯ǵ¯ˮʱҸֵ¯ˡ
ǰԼȥͨģҪȥǿˣˮ֪ԼΪʲôѡ뵽̣һβΪǵĶͺã뿴ǸζʮŮӣ뿴Ƿ˴ȻˣΣرȴû˿ӷ׵ˣŰϵϸĹۣԵ·ڶߡ
ˮٴ̵߽ʱ򣬿Լٺܶ࣬ҪˮûпǸŮӣиϴμļдˡ
ѵϴôΪŮ̵Եʣ
ˮ˽ĺкˮӣҪʲôСĻȫʹûҲ԰ڴ
Ŷ壬ҩʦõҩ¯ӡˮ΢Ц˵ˮ⺺ӺӾ͸оرС
ˮ˵Լҩʦõҩ¯ʱû˸е֣ݴ½ϣҩʦְҵһΪҩʦ֮꣬ˮȥҩ¯֡
Укüأķ䣬ԼȥǸֱóǮһʮһָһЦ˵
ҩʦһǮְҵһѧϰҩ˶ǳԸ֮ң˵۹ⲻҶܼ飬ѱһӵҩ¯ʮ
ˮ죺ûǮ츳û֮ǰԶܳΪҩʦĲǮ
ΪԵʣҴŴֻҪҩ츳˶׳˵֦Ҳץ֦õһԴ½ϵҩʦһ㱳ǿʵɽ
ʹûпɽҩʦֻҪһǷһĿͷŵƻǰҩʦǰҩʦˮƽ̫ҷչǱܴ
ˮǲһɫʮҲ򵽼Ʒҩ¯ҳһ˳۵ҩ¯Ǯ뿪ˡ
ʱϸ꺺ӣѵϴμŮӵĸףǵĻˮ²󺺵һǸƷŮˡ
ˮֱ꺺ӾϴμǸŮӵĸף
ˮûлصңһ˵εĵطֱӽȥɾһ̲ͣժҩϴӡˮϸʶ˵һУ³һ˿¹һ࣬ȻˮԼİ취Ͳᰴʶе䷽ҩˡ
ˮַͬҶͰĺڷŽҩ¯Уˮ֮ѡڣǿнⶾסѪʹѪŹЧǿйڶصĹܡ
ˮкڵĴ󲹺ŶܣԼⷽЧôƳļʻӡ
һ׼úˮûĺ濾ҩ¯һ洫๾ĹˮˮȻû濾ҩ¯
⿴ô۵ҩ¯ܵסĴ
ֹһᣬˮ𽥼Ӵҩ¯𽥼ӴˮҩǰѾϸʶҩĲϸڣ𡢿ͻ𡢿Ļֱ
һʱʱ䣬ˮϹҪ֧ŲסˮǶصеƳɹ
ɹˮǿĵޱȣһͱʾҩɹʧһᷢ顱Ὣҩ¯ը
ˮҩ¯ĸӣܼʦװݵʱҲѶãֻǴԺˮĿҩ¯¯׵һ㱡İɫĩ
ʲô
ˮһᣬҩ¯еķĩ٣ֻһ
ҩˮڲ֪ôݣҩܺǰϷеһҲЩĩɡ
ˮʶ뿴ʲôֻҵɫĩʲô
ףǽҩ
ˮҩͼѾ֪ԼƳ˽ҩ
ˮܿģȻƳҩǲǿмҩǾǿ
ˮżǿҩĹЧûͶ뵽ҩȥûϹϹǿȻҩ
ϣԽʧԽˮȻûһʧܣȫǽҩһƿбԼװ˲һĽҩˮɬޱȣˮϷеķֻҩʶЩҩ취ǲԼĸͼֵǵĶ
ˮһȥЩδҩʱˮҩҩһݡ
壬һҪٵľСŰپʮ徭飡ˮ֪ǸϲǵϢ


94 ŭ˾ͽ
ˮϲҵҩ·ֻҪԺҩܾԳΪҩʦʦ
ǵҪҪܳʱ·Ҫߣ˫İΣ߶ͻô졣
ˮҲΪʲô˫ȻԼռصķϧ޲ߣѵֻĿż
ɾУƳһĽҩҩ飬ôȥһǧҪ죬ʵоҪʮ죬⻹ǲϢĽʱƳĻƻ͸ˡ
ˮ߳ɾ˼Ҳûã˵Լ޹˫ڲʮʱϻ룬Ϊ׽޹Ӧûа취ġ
ɾȴ¶ȸոպãµůɾȥŹȥһʱ䣬ˮƵҩȥ
ʱ˾ͽҼ˾ͽʹĵĿڴѪȾС˾ͽˣŭյڴ
ȥ˾ͽԺŽ˳
ǣһ˻ŵ˳ȥ
ʱ⻹ż꣬Ǿǰ˾ͽһˮһˣƽʱ˾ͽ˺ΪӲֻ۸ƽա
˾ͽѾʮˣΪ似ɻȽֻӣһ˾ͽһоڴϵ˾ͽˡ
˾ͽҲ˵İȻúϳɾ˾ͽԻ֪ˣϧ޲ߣϣСϣ˾ͽΪȻѾ൱ǿˣ˾ͽ֪˾ͽҲܽΪ˾ͽ֪˾ͽҲ˵ûǸ鷳
ҪĻ˾ͽҵѾΣѾǸﲻȫˣһ˷ܾа취˲ߵ
ʣµͲĶҲСӱǺɫɱܣ˾ͽԵŭѾ˷ĵز跢й
˭ģ˭ģ˾ͽǼڵΨΨŵŵŵš
ǿѾˣӦûܿͻ֪ˡ˭ġһͰ͵˵Ϲϸܵĺ顣
ҪȺʲô
˾ͽŭŻ£ǴǿɽһһͻɽܽǼ˵У˲һƬѪģѪ˾ͽȫһħ
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ǡǸˮɵġǿҲ˾ͽ˵ȸղˡ
ûõĶȻۣΪܲûд˾ͽ˵һŽǿ߳ʮ׿⡣
ͷмһҽкͰѪ˲ƽ
˹ӵ޴󰭣ֻԺ޷ˡһƵͷߵ˾ͽߵͳ˵
ˡ˾ͽ˵
Ҫȥף˶տһ¡˾ͽźͷ˵
ģڣүµġ
˾ͽ뿪ݻׯ԰ʱޱȣ˵ɥɥɥһŮҵ飬ֻ˵̫ˣ˾ͽ˵ڣɱ˻˾ͽʹģ
ʱһׯ԰ͬݻޱȣɽʯгׯ԰ռзԲһ߿Ŀյϣ˾ͽ˾ͽڳԱߵʯڵ費ʱĳָһ£˾ͽΪĸŴС˾ͽ쳤
˾ͽ˾ͽҵһμ˾ͽʮ˾ͽ˾ͽСһӣͬʱҲǱһǻ似Ϊ죬ֻ˾ͽԶȨرԣǮŮȻҲֻһŮ˺ˣԺݵϺټ˾ͽŮ˾Ͳʮ
ҲǲŮɫŻΪ۷ɣеñʧͬʧеã
˾ͽ첻뽫˾ͽԣ±˾ͽߣ˾ͽʾԼҪ֤һﵽͻóȻñİ취ȡ
仰˾ͽ컹һвģϾԼõǿһǶͬĸֵܸ³ԽԽǵΪ˲ֵܷĿˣ˾ͽ콫˾ͽԣⶼ鹦˾ͽ˾ͽǿһҲһ֮ң
˵˾ͽźü۷壨˧ʮ۷壩˾ͽĵֱģһôؼ֮£Ǽ巢飡
үүǸˮôǿΪʲôÿζʵͱܡ˾ͽսһƷ˾ͽʵ
סԺҪŬ;ʲ˾ͽһеǮƣ׶үүƳһµҩܾٶȣֻҪܳԿŬʮǰͻ첢һңɼΣֻҪͻ죬ǵжϡ
˾ͽ˫ĿŹ⣬һŵͻһúˮһ
ڴʱ˾ͽԺһ߽ׯ԰̧ͷɨһ˾ͽλñ˹
ף
ˣ˾ͽ˵
ºүү˵˾ͽº͵˵
˾ͽЦЦȻ˳ȥ
ף˶ˮСӸˡ


95 ûʵ
˾ͽԵĻ˾ͽϸüëɻĿ˾ͽԣô£˵ϸһ㣬˶ôСˡ
˶⺢Ҳ֪ǽһ㣬·СӣҲ֪ôСһ䣬СӾȻֱӰ˶ˡ˾ͽԺ޺޵˵ţֻճȭͷڲ
ưѾ۸ˣףһҪСӣȻ˾ͽҵǸ鰡
˾ͽ˾ͽԵĻû˵ͬζԼҵﱻ˴˲ҪһٴǣĲ˵һ£ǳ衣
ңǲ֪ôΪһ۷ͿʱˣԶ̧˶ǰȥңΣҪվסţȻ˺ƤҲûʲôùǵģҪġ˾ͽ˼񲻾Ļش
˾ͽĻ˾ͽӦת׼ȥ
ˣһȥס˶ȶȥ˾ͽ˵һȲ裬ֻûǰȻ
ˮһҩݺ¥ĺ㻹վɻԽԽľͷˮһ㣬ܵôڣ
ݺ¥ڸھҲĽЩĽǮ˳Թһκ޲ڣȥԺ˵񣬵¸ǰƷ
ȻҲ⵽ǰݺ¥λʦ˲ȻҲ˾ͽλƷʳһƷǺıʲôʦĳա
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ͷİﳤΪݺ¥ζøӷ˶Ϊ˴ݺ¥ǰԶ·ֻΪһζ
Ȼݺ¥ԽԽ󣬵ݺȴԽԽ꣬Ϊļ常ݺ¥һ
ݺ֪ǳźģۺݺӴ棬ɣȻıԴȻƾǵĲƴְżȥռݺ¥ٿ¥ǲԴǹ
ЩݺϾ֪飬ҽڻؾǺǲݺүү۰ŮȻѾǵڣοϾǵĳ
ݺݺ¥ˮᳵ·䣬ΪſŵԵʣˮһ۾ͿݺǷרעģ֪ԣţ
ˣˮÿŵţ˼еݺӾѹˮûİˮһۣ
ôˣСŮһǲ뽫İӽŲ߲ƣƽսӭȢԼˮ߹΢Ц˵
ƶ죬ĺ鷳ݺ΢΢е㽿˵ӺݵģɰĶջ
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Ŷүүڻðɣˮݺӵļϲ죬Ҹڶ㿪⡣
£°̱û֪뵽үүͻʱϲãȴ³ݺ˵г顣
ˮ֪ݺӺүүףһСûиܸĸĺģϾҲûиĻ³ġ
үүС󣬺޸һŵԵļ壬ϧ޸˵ĺʱүӻ죬ʱ˻ݺټҲֻһ仰飬ԷҸո߾Ҫ˻е˵ȥԴЩӣǰȥԲ޵飬һʮݺӵʮȴ޷ټޡ
ԷҲߣֻҪиǰȥ˵¾Уǿ̨£ɾһɫĴŮһį
죬ڰ˿мصĹֻùɣ
үүʮ٣ɲԺһȥݺ˵
ݺ˵ԼΪʲôԼˮԼһȥΪүүף٣
ˮҲǺƣΪʲôͻȻԼأˮʵٺʦװ˹ϵԺǱʶĿʼ˼ʦװϣڵ˫İοǳҲûǶĸмҲա
˶Ụֻ̊ܶ
ûӵʦװӵݺӣԺȥŮˮ֪һûʵֻܿ룬οҲûôҰģû޷԰εŮˡ
˫һݵŮˣƫƫмʦװһ飬ˮֻúöʦװãϧ鲢ô򵥡
ˮ²͸ʦװģ


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ݺеʧϣˮͷӦʱһμүүף٣
ˮӦݺӺܿģ΢üҲչЦ绨ݡ
ˮ֪ݵԭѩ׵ıݣڰ׷峺ѩԵô鶯֪ԣ
ˮһ̾ݺӱĵӺأСȱĺǻٱһѸݣڻѾûɿԡ
Ƭ̣ˮǣʼˮûϵݺܸоˮĺųԼҪԼһ㡣
кܱŤͻȻ·ʧȥһ㶫һ㣬߱ԼûϧĶһ㡣
ݺһ˲ȻȻ΢ЦĿˮ뿪뿪ˣԼˮͺнΪʲôҪôֿء
뵽ԼûɿԣͲԺͱӹһֻЦһĺˮ˵Ҫ͵˾͵ˮ̲סһ졣
ˮ߳ݺ¥ȺУڸǸľһࡣ
ˮŻȥȥҩų漣˫ȷһʧˣ˫ǰӳѰҩʧܡ
ֻˮߵһٵĽֵʱһסȥ·ԷʮˣͷһЦ꣬Ȼƽ·ĺǿ࣬Ҳ
ˮüͷõĿס·һȺˡ
ѣǽһ˵꺬Ц˵¶һѩ׵ݣ
ûգ
СӣǰСǿ㣬קʲôקһߴֻǿе˵
ǰûˮҡҡͷ
Ѻαؾǧ֮ءȻЦƽ͵˵
ˮٴδ꣬ʮͣȴǺţ˫ִš侲һĸо
ٿͬصȴǼ鰺ûļԣŶڶʮʮ߰ˣǰﲻڽİɣĪǾǼˡ
ô֪
ӣ˵ʲôһݵ˸ղſеꡣ
˵˵ȫȷҲ˳ʵʮǹ¶һог󣬳и㲻Ҳûͷ̾˵
ˮЦˣ飬Ҳ˵ҲãҲգ˵ЩʲôĪҸǮԲҲˡ
һˮһ仯ı飡
ҲҪǮǿԺе㽹˵һû˴ǡ
ʲôģˮüȻֺ֪ȺϵεСԼʲôġ
ǰϣտǰǰΪ񡣡
ĻˮǾȣôҲû뵽˵ı仯
ˮΧٿʮݬԱһʱ䣬˵Ķĺô
˵ʱҪĵ꣬Ҫ֣κҲѡķʽҲ˼Ƭ˵
ԣ
֪ˮһ֪㽫Ҫ֣ǲһ㣬֪Ĳ࣬ЩȻûʲôǿ似һ㣬ϢͨǸоɴ£ɴ¶һЩϢͨԼԴǲٵģǿüͷŬ˼
ˮޱֻ꣬Ǿվû˵˼Ļ
˵һŷǵϢͨĶˮĶˡ
ݺ¥ĺṩġ
ԥƬ̲ϵ˵
ˮѾܾȣϲû¶Ծɫóֽͱˢˢд˼֣˫ٻذǣа취
ӳǣʲô취ʲô취ʮ֮ڽһ˫ŮӣĺƯȥѦңΨһֻҪǾͺ
ˮ˵źݵУ
ӣǰõģҪ»ǮֻҪЧʣ¶첻ɾͲҪˡ
ˮ˵뿪ˣ
ϴĿԳɴ£ֵôɻ˵
Ƿֲǲ֪ʵ̡гǸо¶ȣǳ
˶ǳĬΪ֪꿴˿ĺ׼ܿгһ


97 үӵ
ˮ뿪Ÿо鲻֪ǶԻǴҲˣʧӣ˵ղԼʲôҲû˵鷳ǲеģԼҲ鷳ΪԼ֮ٶ˫׼ʱϻǾֵ̫ˡ
ʱһζǵݼҺ֣ݼүݶƵİʮ٣ϾʮǰݼҿǰǵĵһңǰǵĴ֮һ
ֻҪе˶ȥݼΪүף٣ԼĺݼϹϵ̫ˣϾϰ˿ڵİУݼҿϺ塣
ףҽӦݺӺһȥΪүүףˣϻǺ;ĸһȥɡˮ֪ĸҲȥݼңֻε˵
ˣˣӺŮһȥµЦ˵
ôأŶô󶼻ֹУ׷绪ôϣ˭˵һ˴
ˣСƶˣҺ˾˾ĸһȥԼСĵ㣬˶࣬ݼ鷳¶оˮôԵĺӣ
ˮټݺʱ̲סһݺӴһɫȹһɫ磬㷢߸һͷθպǡôĳг߹ʡ
ѩ׵ļ޳񾱣ظ߸ߵͦţ˿һ۾ͻоڸϸŷβԲ̱
˫ȱֱ޳һ˫ѩ׵ĳѥ֮
ÿ𡣡ݺǳЦſˮʵ
ÿ·
ݼڰڳǵߣʱݼҴǰˮһ㣬ſæµĺǰףٵĴٹ˴к溬ЦǰҲǺЦ񣬵ǰһ㶼Ӻ
С㣬ˡˮݺߵſʱһ꺺Ӵְҵ΢Ц˵
ݺӵͷͺˮߡ
ǰ壬ֶݽ֣ˮһֲ֣Ǻܳȴݼ˵סլүףٵׯ԰ĵһ
߽ȥˮŲּģȻɽʯˮȴǸоݻֻоȻׯ԰еΣһֵĽ̸ţĹȺ֡
㣬ߣˮ̧ͷһ⿡Լ֡
Ҵȥ׵ܵݽ
㣬Ұкţȥүүɣ˼˵㲻˼ҳͲˡݽݺЦЦİݻһ˿
ڴʱһº͵˺ЦδʵѾͷˣүүܳʱˣȥ˼Ұɡ
Ŷ֪ˣ͹ȥ
ݺ˵ˮЦЦ뿪ˣ
ˮɣҽ㣬һݽкˮǺ顣
ֻˮоܱŤԷͱԼҪһ㣬ˮЦͷݽһԱѾ˵δ
ʱԷѾЦվʾˮӭŮһУʮ£㣬ŨüۣŮͦƯֻ΢С㣬ʮ߰⾰Сɷͣ˵ʮ߰ѾǳˣֻһɫȹŮһŶ쵰͵İ崿ǰһ˶ɽݺҲȲϣˮɻ᲻
Ҹҽ£ҽѣˮ
ˮˣԲã
ãˮϼˡվˬЦ֡
ˮЦ֣ͬ˰ã˵㣡ˮ꣬˵ǰһǿһˡ
һϣˮ͸о˵ϴһ͵ˮͬתԼʹһ¡
ɿ˿ʲôֻˮ˶֪
˵ŰͯվСԲգһ˫۾˵Ǳỹǰ
ˮԲúܶ˴ѵ򣬿Цһ£ˮûȤ˶òԲĺر崿ǶԺ飡
Ҵûҹ鷳Ǳ۸ңֲ뱻۸еͲС˱һ١ˮЦ˵ӺرΣһ
磬˺˼ĽЦſɰ
ˮĿͶеСŮʵŮھ͵ģ°Сµ˫ۡµıӺ;µС졣
ĽСȴǼ£ͣ͹͹̵̣ϧˮûʲôȤȻƷЩط
ֻЩˮֻ룬ϾҲûʮ꣬ȷе˵СˮҪôһ㣬ˮֱģ˵ɶʮҲоͻˮòе컹һȻ˺׺䣬ֻоһŮˡ
ݽĴڣ˵ĵúܿģСŮɢջԾ˲٣رԲߴߴˮʸͣ
Щˮ֪Ӻλش𣬻ûʱݺϵݶ˳Ավݺӽºӡ
үҹһݺźͰЩͷȥѼ䣬Ȼˮڵһ


98 Ļ
үү
үү
үү
һݽģڶ˵ģԲСŮ
ˮүӣ
ˮЦһ
úã
Ѿͷˮܺáܺãүһ˵䣬ʮ㣡
ˮϵݶƣʮ˵ӣ޷Ѿˣݵݿй֮ͥǿ˫۾Ϭˮ̵ӡ
񲻴ѾӴ˳һ˵ݶǸ־ᶨˣһ˴䵽һͨͨͨ˵ĵزܻȥģǺ״
ˮͨݶƵϿһۣ˲佫ȫľ͵￴˸
Ť黨һ㣬ദή˫ȾήֲûˣܱסһѾǵˡ
ţͰﾭγƲֻ࣬˺ܶ࣬ԼǲǿԼĻǷܴЧ
뵽ˮһȣһԣ󵨵ĳԣԼԼĻǷǿϹǿϹǿ߶ĻǷĹЧ
ڼǷḻޱȣҲ̫ಢûζĺ֣ǰ˶ｻ˰סύЩƽʱԴļ壬һᣬֻҪ΢һͻԴ
ݶѾط䣬ֵǣݺԼһݶƣˮое㲻ڣϾ˼Լһڷ
ÿ˵˵ԼĴ㣡ˮݺ߽ݶƵķ䣡
ˮǰɣѾͷ˵ˣṩģζ̫ζˣͷʮˣûԹɿڵζ
үӹˣԣݽˮ΢Цǫ˵
ˣҪǷĲѾͷͷˣݶ̾˵εĸоˮܸܵ
廪ԥһ£үӣСҶһҽ֪ɲԸ£ҽͱ˲ôһ˵ܸκء
ݶЦˣĵĿˮͷҺܸˣұ˭ԼûɵҩֻǷһˣ˵ݴ½ɵҩ
ˮͦݶƵ̹ϣһδʧĴĽ
Ȼ϶ϣˣСһΣҲʧʲô˵ءˮЦЦ˵
ˮˣݺʱ΢Ц˵
˵ҲǣͷӾԣҽʲôر֮ݶƷĵĴӦ
ݺӱ˵ʲôû˵ֻԹӵĿˮˮŵģȻԾļӿࡣ
ˮЯĽ룬𾫱ǲմȾغ۹ģˮҲ˵ʲôڴϵݶÿһЩҲһЩ¶ﲿλ
һ㣬ܻеۣˮŽЦ
ɣͷʲô¾ǲۣͷӻָʵǧ֮ʹϷҲԸ⡣
ˮҪָݶƵĵ黨͵ĵָϹ΢Ļ֮ȴ̽ݶƵĵ
֮ҪĵطҲҪҪλһܴһ⵽ʹˡ
ݶƷ·֪ʹһ㣬߶ûкһ
ڶ߸
ˮͷϲһϸܵĺ飬ݶǱˮô̼ѨֹʹˣȻʹ治ܳܵģ
ΣˮϹͨ޸ݶƵĵ
뱾һ޸Ƥ⡭֮ˮ֪ЩͨݶƲŸ˵ԡ
Ϊˮкܴİκݶƣ
߸ݶƵĵʱ״΢΢ٵĲţ߸֮ĽϢ״ڽϹ»ָԭ״޸λ
йɵĿٵĲˮϹĴ߶𵽿޸ĹܣֻǱȽϺ
ݺӿˮϵĺˮ˿ˮĲ˲ԼүүǰⷬǺߣǵĸо
һʱˮٱݺӲòεĺˮ󽫽һεɫе԰ףȴɡ
үӣԣֻڵҪң΢¡ˮҲеĿݶƣϾˮҲ֪ǷĿԴЧ
ݶƱ۾ƬȻ˫ۣϲ˸ǣҲΡ
ݺӿүүɫ˲们侧Ө飬ˮһ仰˵ֻվš
ݺӵг˾ϲ𾪣𾪵޷ݣˮȻκԼүүȻҽŶ󰡣ҽʦҩʦ޲ߵľ֢Ȼ׾ٵκá
ݺڿһľˮһ˿ȻеİСˣоеεĹ⻷ȻֻȻŮ˵ϢԽԽǿ


99 ǿصҩʦ
ˮûע⵽ݺӵ񣬵ݶȴǿһݶƿĵһݣ
ݶֹסĴЦЦݺᣬЦее̾ץˮһֶֻڲ
ͷû뵽н죬Ҳ֪ôл㣬ɣҪ˵ͷףұҪ˵Ҫͷҵ飬ֻҪͷеģʲôԸ㣬ҲҪֻҪͷӺݼҶԴӦ㡣
ݶ˵ĿݺӣݺȴεĵͷҿݶҲҿˮ
үӿˣʱûΪϴףٵ͵͸ϵɡˮЦ˵
УҪȻϷյûţڲ֪δл㣬ԺκͷҶȫ㣬¶Ϲͷ
ˮݶϵӣ֪ʮĥҪϵ˺ˮ⣡
ˮĲֻκˣǶͬ죬һһĶ飡
ҪҪˮ˵Ż˿ݺӣݺӿˮҵİĿŲһʱ¹ײ
һʲôֻҪеĶӦ㣬ҪݼҲӦ㡣ݶƿĵ˵
Ȼڰ޸һµ»ָʵҪŰʱ䣬ϣϰָʵݽҽЩݽѾܿˡ
Ȼ㲻˵Ҳģ㣬˵һݶƿ˵ģʵ̫ˣʧ÷֪ǰǶôҸµ顣
ˮҡҡͷǷŰɣСٸᡣ
ݺвһ˿įݶȻǿˮǸ㲻ڿǿҼѾ
үүˮȻ벻ǷŰɣүүʮĵһ죬˵ɣˮǲˣݺ΢ЦŴݶƵĻ
úã˵
ˮ֪ΪʲôݺӴݶƵĻ˼ʵڻڱĻЧš
񼼡ˮĻһƬ
ＸҰÿʩһΣӦÿѭһܺͿ˫Ȼָ֪·ԺԼÿѭ򽥽ϾͿԻصǰʵˮ˵£Ȼ̫׾˸
ˮԼʵ̫ϹǿʵĻصֻҪ죬һʱ䣬ʹˮҲˣݴ½ҩʦ޲ߵԼһܾͿƣڻָǾԼˣ˱˵ָǼҲҸķ
һҲʱѾ½ˣⳡүӴٵģһݺӵģʮݶҲֻʣһˣʮǰӣʮӾݶȻȴǺǰͬնˡ
ˮлл㣡ˮʱݺӿĵ˵
лʲôʲôʱôˡˮݺǣڰǵĽֵϣ⽫ǵӰĺܳ
ǺǣˮȻҽҩʦ𣿡ݺĿɵĿˮʵ
ǺǣԺ֪ˣˮϾԼҩ˵ǣڲúƳе˵ȥҩʦһ㲻ԼʵΪǵְҵϰߣٻ˶ҩʦǵжԣֻҪɱֻ޾Ͳҩʦ飬Ϊһ벻ҩʦԶǧټƵĽύҩʦ
Сӣұܡݺӽһ䡣
˭ֲӣֻӱܣˮٺЦ˵
һĨ߳ݺӵϣݺӷˮԼҪ곤һ㣬ֿĸоеΰΰ˲ζ˲Žˣ
ִ򰡣ݺӻСȭͷȥˮˮԭض㿪źͻݺӽЦ
ݶף٣ʦҡҡ˾ͽҶȥһ㶼ǶǰȥˡԲ
ˮʱŬѰңϣҵԼһֱ뿴ٻӰϧʦвûʦװӰӣˮʧ
˾ͽп˾ͽһͷİˣݺ˵˾ͽҵĵס˾ͽԣֻˮоԷڿԼʱĺɱ⡣
ˮ֪񵰵˾ͽԵĶӣʹ֪ˮҲ߲
ݺԼȥΪݶʩʱˮŻصңʼÿˮǶϹǿޱȵĿ
ʱܿ죬һܺݶվٴθԭȻܴ⼸Ʊ߻һЩ󲹵ҩݽͲ
ݶƵĸԭʮ޷Ƶıλ˵ݶ¸ԭǼһּҳ
ݶƵĸԭһǿصҩʦķзʵΪ֤ݶƾõӣˮоЦԼΪǿصҩʦˡ
Ҹ̵˾ͽӲĳȥԼ뷨
ˮݺߵĺܽرݶƸǽˮıӻأƽľѾѿڣ˾ͽ
ˮһУҩǵһٰʮ飬һǧ黹һκԶ룬Ѿȥһˣ˫û˿ϢǰǸͬûϢ
ˮȻǸеͣ϶Էɣʱֻһʱѣ
һʱˣҪӱ޵ȥӦѾӳˣֻǲ֪Ƿҵ˫ȻѦҵĵַǣɱϾز죬ϣѦ㹻Իһ㡣


100 ʧݺ
ˮĬĬķߵ߿Ҳ߶೤ĺ㣬ԭʱѾȥˣѾൽ·ˣǴůһƬ֮ˣ
Ժеļôִѩ׵Ļ䣬һƬƱǶãæµ۷ڻ˵ķȥˮæµ۷ʹӴſæµȺ齥ƽ
˺Ͷһ޷Ϊ棬Ϊ˸õȥ
ݴŮʯЦ
ˮԶֵ֪ʯЦЦôûȥԲã
ˮҲ֪ԭʯȻϲԲǸͯվСˮûʯɽ¶ˮļһȻԲֻǲ֪չΡ
ʲôԲãʮˣǻҪһðɣҾֻ֣ݺĳŮȤĪǹùŰ㡭ʯûЦ˵
ˮ
ˮһɾȥˮпֺӺܶ໹ڲϵӣĻһ߶һ㣬ûʲô仯ˣӽý
ȺڹȻӺüףСֻлвһСľͳ˺ʳ
ڹͺԹ޾Ͷˣ˫ɱԷ̣ʹϻ˺üٶֻڹǧֻںѲ鲻壬мɣˮصпȫǺ㣡
ºˣݺ¥һڹˣˮŴȺڹ꣬ϴκʦװԵڹ͸оʳ󿪣ʱʵˮûٳԣֻȻоԡ
ȻÿֻתϹǿĵʮ죬ˮûзɣÿϹȻûӣǾȴԵĸƣ
㽣ѾСɣѾãϽô鹦ȭĴĺôطֻɵĸоˮֻ֪ҪָоͱʾԼһʽѾСɣ
ҩͲ˵ˣˮÿ춼ҩϻѵʱ࣬ˮѽɾҩһʼЩ׼䳤ǧҩݣԼȣ
룬ˮǿҲʱϰһ£ÿ첻ͣҩޱȡ
֮ѾңٶȻʵҲо٣ò
ᵽ֮ˮֻԼʱҲûãĸʣµĸԸ˫ʵ
Ǹݺӻݶƣһһˮ̾е٣ⶼֵġ
ˮΪϰѾҩۣڻ֪ҩҩЧΣˮҩоҪԼѪˣԺһɡ
ڶˮϥһʮϹǿȻߵĸ׷䣡
һú磬򵥵ĳһ׼緹ÿٷиڹΪǶоԿʡ
ˮó֮
Ǹ˼Ҹģ
ˮЦŵͷͶʡˣ˼һǰԼæ
¾ȵ֮ˮȷѾԹˣٶԭؼ̤¡
ˮֻüٶӰһԭؼ̤¡
²źЦĽˮ֮ûʶ٣ϴˮ°˿ֻţȴʲôҲûʣ
Թ緹µˮɴҩõǻ۵ĲϣˮֻҪȡ
ûлʧܼôߣˮѾʧܣһξȻը¯
һƬҩ¯ŷҩ¯ͦڵģѧҩ˹ҩ¯һСĸٴθ̾ҩʦǸǮְҵÿһҩʦ²ĵĽɽ
ȻˣˮɴͲˣҲںʱ䣬ɾڣԼʱͱȱ˶ʮ
ȥҩ԰͵͵ĽһЩɾĳˮҩ԰ˮ˭ˮ˵Ǹ˼Ҳˮʦ̸ˮֲҩĵķʱҩ԰ҩݹȻ࣬ƷʻΣ԰ҩ԰ȫˮ
ҲݶƾˮɾĺԵʣָĺܿ죬뷨˺ܶ࣬ǳԹݺ¥ĺ㣬رܾԵģᷢʶ˲٣Ҳݺ¥ʢԶ
ݶƸԭñڴݺ¥ע࣬Ͼݼһӵڵļ塣
ݼرݼҼüһʮǰоݼӵֿ޼ɵ޹ûϽֵϷ´ϵŮͱ˼ҵС檡
˭˿ɽӵܣûӵܣûǿĿɽ竵
ǰڰŵӵĪ˾ͽҺң˾ͽΪӵĺ۷廹иҩʦֻһΪеĵһ˴ڣڰиأ֮д趷֣ļһֹؾͻʧȥãʵϡ
һкˮûʲôϵˮĿⲻֻǷڰǣգֻҪʵһͻƵϹǿʱͻȥݴ½ߣ̤ݴ½ĵطʶ似ɫŮ¸صķ飡
ϧҩֻƽҩͻҲңңڣˮڹԻʵȻ󻨰ʱȥתתʱʯɽһȥԱֻѾû˻ˮ˸ɼܣˮܲˬ
ԴӺˮӶֽǵļȽϳſɷԺûˮȶˡ
Թ緹ˮͳţûԶ⡱ݺӣݺ֪ԴŮˮҲῪࡣ
ˣЦ绨ʲôôġˮݺЦʵ
ˮͣݺЦˮһ£ˣ˵үүָʵǰ˵µģ
ϲ㣬ԺɾǵõʱҺϲơˮ˵ͬʱϵЦ
ݺһȻĵ˵ģһģ
ˮûпݺǿĵ񱳺ǵʧ䣬ǵ类˿ڣݺӺˮ䣬˵˾䡰뿪תȥ
ݺתȥ߿˲䣬ҲƲסΪʲôԼ֪ܺһȴҪΪʲôϵ֪һ˲ǻۣݷڵϵľһɾ죡
ݺӲ֪ʲôʱгˮӰӣԼԺ󣬻ǰռԼˡڻʱ򣬻ΪԼүүָʵԺ
ݺãˣֻ֪ˮָ᲻ϵ黳˵ԺɾǵõʱҺϲơʱ·Լķ·һ㣬˺һʹ


101 հŮ
ˮûзݺӵ״ûкʦװŮ֮һٴοڻݺӼ޸Լ
ˮ˼ô˫ԺκʦװϣϡͿľǱʶķݺӣĵĹϲݺҵԼϲˡ
ˮ֪ݺѾ࣬ٶ˺øоˮһĶһ㣡
ˮǸ򵥵ˣǰһһ޹飬ʦװĵһŮˣԸ黳û檣ϥȨֻҲһ£ʵˮҲݺ֪Ů˻ϲԼڲᡣ
ݺӡʦװ˫ŮӵκһѾ㣬оٲ㲻ʵʵȫӵǸоǳ˵ΣһʦװʹںѾ˹ϵҪ볹ӵкܳ·Ҫߡ
ϲϱңԼڻ߱Ķˮ˺ܾõľ
ˮֹһȥʦʦװ׵뷨ʦװϾ˾ͽδޣֲǰݴ½һϱȽˮƣŮһǱ˵δ޻ӣȾָǲ¡
ˮԲ£ȴûлᣬʦװܲסѹ˺Уʦװ׶ûкøжȷ
ֻһ취Уϧˮ
һӿʦװͿĺ˾ͽֻҪʦװѡ죬ô˾ͽֻ˳ǰǣԷֻδޣǷޣôŮ˵ͻ൱
Լ죬ʦװһѡԼԼһҸġˮţϹ΢Ц
ϣˮоײʲôͻȻһʹѹ
ţû°ɣ
ײڵϵľȻˮһǸСŮˣˮڵϵЦ˵
ˣԶԶɵЦȷһǲܿ·ûжû뵽㻹ײžµСһŻСظһڵ۵ķ̵Сƨɡ
ˮɰջСٴοǾ·ĽСˣòǸлСŮԭղԼװɽˣֲøоģԲ
һΪҲСأԭСѾͷⲻײˮЦȥԴֲֺʺϾε˻
ˮǰӽʮͷǰңˮźݺӲ£Ȼˮϲ㣬Ҳеϵ
У㻹û󣬺СѾͷʯ˵һģ㵹Ǻжʮࡣɰ˵
ˣôרڵҰɣˮЦ˵
˭רŵ㣬ⲻǺ𣬿ʧǵģʲôˣܲܰ㣬ô˵Ҳʶ𡣡գһ˫ˮĴ۾µϾһ˫Եúܴرԣ
ˮ֪εСŮƲ壬Цҡҡͷһ£СѾͷ٩ˣ´ģ
ˮȻԼ˼ţõС㣬谮һòɰͬǸǼԼ¶ϲڣֻǿȺ棬û뵽СӵǸ˦Լ
ˮԺôˡ
ˮ֪ڱԼֽĴС㽻ٱ˵Լûʹʱˮ֪ԼʺϺӴ
ˮϲֽߵŮοĲϲֻˮ֪ѾƷˡ
ˮϡͿߵ̣Լҩ¯Ѿϣ˳һˡ
̤ȥˮ˲Ǻܶ࣬ǸŮȴ棬ˮоһ˲кܿġ
Ϭһ㣬ˮŮӵʱŮ˲̧ͷˮյЦˮرƽ
ɣּˣŮǴԵˮоеģ̾ŮǱʡ
Ǻǣɵģϴʱûп㣡ˮЦ˵
𣬽ҪʲôŮЦߵˮߣĿĿˮ
ǸŮӣŵ̬ɫˮоеĿѣԣǸȴַľɫŮӡ


102 ¯
ˮڰʱȻŮҲ㲻٣Ů˵Ҳֻ˫һʦװݺӱŮֻոʤ
Ҫҩ¯
ŮӹŹֵĿˮһۣһȽЦٻ˵ȻתűĲֿȥ
ˮܲ죬Ϊϴ꺩ķ䲻һˮû˵ʲôʱˮʹ󵨵ĿŮȶ˵ˡ
ûн뱱κη䣬Ǵӱһȴ߳뵽ͥԺͥԺǺܹСûдǷ䣬ŮӴˮһƾɵ᷿
ȥˮһĲֿ⣬һӵķùζ֩߰Ķò滹һĻҳ
ˮüԼʲôҪԼ͵飿طҲ̫Ǹ˰ɣˮţҲֻ룡
ˮűӿһ֩϶еĽŴ֩ҲţȻ
ŮӺĽ֩ɾûռһҳȻߴһѷͭٳһڵġҩ¯
Ȼ˳ֵݸˮҩ¯ȻôЩúܶ࣬ɳþˣҸоͦͶԵˣ͸ɣϣܳΪҩʦ
ˮӹĺ۵ҩ¯һӴʱоȣףĪǽ
ˮȻȷҲ˾ŲʮˮڡӼǡпأŴ֮ȡĳΪݣнݡľݣ
ݣ̫ȡ𣬽ޱȣϡ٣;㣬ýҩ¯ֵһ֣ҩɹʿһҲը¯½ҩ¯У¯Ͱɼ¯
֪֪ʲôʵҩ¯ˮŮӾģҲͲ˼װͿϾŮǿóһϴԼ֡
㻹ͦ۹ӢۣҩʦĽ¯Ůֳ˵Ĺʡ
ҲҪ̫ˣǵҲֻ棬ֶ֪ⶫ󣬾ҪҲҪ͸һϵҩʦȸҩʦѧͽҪĶࡣˮ¯ݻظŮӡ
㻹Ǹ֮ˣҵľ͸ˣ͵ҩ¯ǸͶʣΪΰҩʦɲҡŮӿЦˣȻͷ߳Ĳֿ⡣
ˮŽ¯Ц˳˵ĶǼٵģһɹʾҩʦ񣬶ҽ¯ԵҩʱҩһЩƷʡ
㲻Ƕʲô뷨ɣˮζĿŮ˵
УеСŮĵķۣ
СģԲСﶼСģˮͦͦӣ
Ůһ죬ˮȻ۾رÿȴ峺߱ԼҪһ㣬޳Щ׳繷ܵĴһ֮ʤͦκɢһȻϢ
ܶ񣡡Ůˮһ䡣
Ҫ͸ңˮŮһߵſʱ˵
Ͷʣΰҩʦɱ˵ʶ㣡ŮǳЦ˵
ҽˮʲô֣
Ǻǣ
ˮŽ¯뿪ˣŻĿôѵĿԼԳΪҩʦ
ϲԼֱǳ
Ե֣ˮоֻͣ޷͵鶼Եֻ˰͡
תۼһܹȥˣˮӷǳйɣҩҲΪý¯ԵʣĽҩһɣɫҲ˲٣ɫĩŵĽһ㡣
Щڶˮ˵ΣˮĵǣҩľԴӻɽ¯һһһٰʮڲİ٣ˮѾٵľܿģĻһܺͿСˡ
ˮܼ
һ뵽ȻѶ˫ˮ͸оµûţѾˣֻһܣһܻزҲûнҩᶾ


103 ¸ĸ
ǰǼҲûκϢˮͶûбʲôϣ޹˵֪ͨ˫ϻеϵˮǽϣ˫ԼϾǿߣ
ˮھ͸ϵӳǣº͸ϻ˫ȥֻҧοһʱٳһʱ䣡
оƵˮرЩӵ޵ѱʦرӵп˵ķ޳裬и˵ķޣһӳҲһʱ䡣
ֻǾѱʦӵз޳Ҳ࣬Ϊֻͨ޿ǳ;棬Ͼξ鲻޵Ŀɹ֮ΪûڵԴﲻУԺѱʦȥѱµķޡ
ϧ½ϵޣҹͣĿҲҪһʱܸϵһؾǰ£
ˮݺ¥ȥһκ㣬ֱȥһµķݺӺܾȣһˮһܵġ
ʲôˣǲҪţ
ݺӹĵӣˮһůûȷߵͻȻȰ׼á
ʲôܰæҪҡ
ģˮЦŵͷ
ȥһҹӣüչ޹ˮ֪ϵ˫ˡ
ϣ޹ϣû뵽ֵزˮоĺСĴ·ϣ·ͳΪһ⡣
ѱʦȻǺҩʦְҵرӵѱʦΪǱϵǿߣŷ޵Ŀ
Լɱͷī񣬿ϧûڵǸڵ޽ͷī񣬹Լûˡ
ѱʦǰǺܿģ޲ʵ;ͺѱҪѱµޡ޲ôףҪʱѱ̵ͳɹʼܴͣܵơ
ȻʵǿҲܸߣֻҪʵ㹻ǿѱ޺Ұ޵ѶȲ¡
ʲôְҵҲû죡ˮΣ
ԼôศΪʲôûŶݼ׺ͷзһſ˲ɵӳǵķз̫ˣ
ԼֻͲˡ෢ǵԴ̾Ϣһ䡣
ɾеҩرǸտʼֽȥһѾʮҩˣǳɫҩЧʵʮҩͬҩܱȵġҩݵĸ߶ѳֻıô׳󣬳ɫǿʢеĲԾף
ˮҲû뵽洫ķзǿҩʦԼЦãԼһҩڻҩ׼ҩʦȻǿҩʦ
²ŶǧҲǴļ죬ѾдǡˣڴѰصǿҩʦ
ߣɿ߼ˮ̾ҩʦǸģ
мһ飬ݶȥҩдл飬鲻˾˴ĸףҺݼ˳ʱû֪ݶȥҩеĿġ
֪ˮݶκõϢҹϻȥޱȥˣرһֱҸС
ԭһֱˮˮµ˼һҩʦһˡˮ˼Ѿġ
Σˮֻܵͷϡ
ݼرݶȥҵϢҵĵλֱڰǲԭסٴҲֻˣⲢǺܴ󣬺İһ޷ȵģҲ˾ͽ׼ҲҶҵԭ
ֻڲͬˣݶ˭ݼҵүӣ֣ڰĴڡ
˶װúˣ˾ͽԶڴϵһҰ׵˵
ҪǧУŻʲô˼ҰԹ˵
˶˲޷ָʴɾͿ޸ˣ˶ŬֻҪ۷׾ٵĿԻָ˾ͽΪ˵ȼ˾ͽ˻ȥеǰ۷塣
˾ͽҡҡͷЦˣ֪Լ˵۷壬춼ûϣֻӻƴһƴ˾ͽͷѾ
㲻Ҫɥ⼸ַƷҩ󻹵㸴ԭоҰҰġٻ˵ôҹŮڻ¡˾ͽΪ˾ͽ˻ȥһΪ׵֡
¸ĸģ
˵ЩҲģһƮڣ˾ͽȫƲҲһŻƷҩɣҲֻʷмأ֪˼Ǻ
˾ͽ˵Ļ˾ͽһᣬΪ˸ĸ˾ͽĺӣϣԼºֽܿˣܵκ˺Լһ֮ԽȴǱסֽһ㡣
˶һȽϿеİ취㾡ʵֻҪܵ죬ͿǰҩңΪǷʮ꣬ǿһҩҵӦ׾ٵġ˾ͽԿѾܵĶʹĵ˵
˾ͽ˳ĬˣҲ³ˣ˾ͽԵͷ
˶ӺɷҪֻҪʵʵȥˣʲô鶼練ƣ˾ͽ̾Ϣһ
ģף


104 ˣһ
ҴȥˣˮҪǰӳʱȴû뵽ǰļ˴һ·糾ҩſҪˮ
ˮæʱǳһǰʮһϴˣƣǶš
Ҳֻ˫С㿴ãǸ꿴ˮǰָ˵
ˮæߵָŵߣƿǸǣҶǵļƥе԰ףգĽëһƯޱȣˮǲ԰׵Ľлһ£
ֻˮͨĹ۲£ǶµĿƶҩĵҩر𣬳˯˯УԵķҲû
ˮ˫ûбĺۼȻ࣬ڹŵһ
óʣµӺһЩҩֵ꣬ȥϴϴɾ·żõľ¥ȥúóԺһ٣ҩң˳ǽӷϴ
ԥһ£ӹǮͽҩʹһ뿪ˣˮֱӽ˫ǣҩС
˫˳ˮһα˫£Ľᣬ֬ȻȴȻоϸ塣
һ󵭵ζˮıӣˮʩգоѵ㡣
ˮǰС˵˵Ůģ˵ЩŮ㣬ˮ֪ǲģˮ֪кŮеģݵŮ˱˵㣬ˮ϶ǲסϵζ
һˮŵѾڳһܵ˫Ȼһ󵭵Ů㣬ʣǣŮ˲ſԽ˫˫
ˮʯĿˮ˫۾޵ĿŻе˫һʱ侹Ȼ
ˮЦһ£˫ȥ߽Լ䣬󣬿һ˿º͵磬
ҩҲˮʯڣĸæģʵܵ˵ǱȽеģռҩݣҩݣԼֲһЩÿǰӳǽһҩݣżҲͻȻһЩһ¡
ˮ˫ԼĴϣֱʱʯææ˽ˮⳬŮ˭һ㣡
ѣжˣҪⶾסκ˶ýˮʯЦЦ˺˵һ䡣
ǰỳһˮǲ£Դݶ󣬾ûڻˮκλ
ˮʯȥ󣬽ȻߵߣŴϳ˯˫
ղˮͨ壬Ѿӳµ壬ˮ֪ûзʳҩԼҪΪˡ
ֻˮںܾᣬ֪ǸÿĻǸƣΪҪ˫ýŶҪ·ȥ
ˮýѨķŪȡʹͷϾνҪⶾȡԵαˣʱޱȡ
ˣȽⶾ
ˮΡΡİ˫½ҪһЩĵطǲˮӿ죬ҲʼзӦ
ˮ˫ѵֻʣ¶̶̵ºʱͷ϶һϸܵĺ飬ҧҧҲȥ
ж˫û˿ڣûκα仯ѩϸ壬ˮ뵽֬ůʣǰˮûױƷŮˣȻܺãôܺѩȡ
ˮԾĴ壬븧һһ£ΣСһָպǿգȻ˶󣬵ȴӾΡΡĴţܼͦûΪŶ˿Σ
أˮ̰Ŀţ˵ĶˣˮָһǾ˵ĵԺĴС
ˮΪԼǾӣʱоԼҲеѣ̲סĿŵ˫޳ֱȺط֮ء
Ůģ
Ҫʱ˫ⶾˮ͵ѡظʼֱš¡أ
ȡֱȵĻ²άǾ뷼µķֵֻһָ
ӡֲˮٵ浯ȥÿζעƵһ
΢ļĲţ붥ðһ˿ۺϢһζ
ôǿȻȫýεˮرƵѨѨԴҲ֮Զ
ڲѨĽᵯ£Ȼγһ˿ɫѪޱȣ
ֻʣ˫ȣˮоһ㣬ٴνֹ˫ȵĶӣ
ʱ˫ȴ˫׵


105 ˣ
ֻǿԼ岢ûлţȻĿˮҲڴʱˮ˫ֻӿȪѨ
˫ڿԼش룬˵ĵطΧ룬˫ϸһֻ֪ˮڰⶾֻǸоȻеŭա
ˮһ˫ӿȪѨʱһֻֻ㣬΢⻬ϸĸо֡
̧ͷ˫Ŀ⣬ˮ̲סһɫɿ֡
˸ۿɼˮתر⣬˫˫ţȴβסһ˿Ρ
һʱˮȫȥ˫ȹһһϣˮƣǵڶΰŮ˴·˭˫ڽ޷ж
ˮźŽ·ã˫ͬѵˮӣˮߵ˫ܵ񣬷ȸղܶˡ
·һ£һ㱡Ϣһ£ҸҵԵġ
ųȥˮֳ˻ׯ˶ڣɫѽƻ裬һˮǺĿˮ
κˣˮ㷿иŮ㣿ɽЦǺǵʵ
ʲôκǲԱ
ѽˣֻˣˣҸ˵˵ˮĸ׺;ĸɻЦ˵
ˮ˫򵥵˵һ£
ʲôǸ֣ˣԬӱĴˮ
жʮһɣͻСأˮӡ
˶ɵˣ̫ˣʮͷŮôͱˮˡ
ֻˮŶ󣬾Ȼ˵˼һСأҲ̲סԼѵԼĶˮذ
ҪԵ㶫Ҿ͸ɴԷɣŪֻڹ԰ɣҪҸ׾ĸ֡ˮε˵
ˣȥ˼ҰɣҺĸˣܿġºЦ˵ԽԽгϢˡ
ˮʯɽЦ¥ӲͷƤ߽Լķ䣬˵ʵˮڵ˫оΡ
һ˫ͻһ˿ҵľ壬أļǳأԲ̵Σ͵ȣϢŲʩա
ƿţˮ˫ڴأµĽɢջħһ޷ɢң֮дһġ
оôˮװŵߡ
ţûˣлл㣬ҩʦ˫Ŀˮ
ǰɣڻƲҩˮЦЦ
ллǼλѣȻһ﷭˴
ô£ˮǰＸ˴ˡ
ұȥѦֽⶾҩΪԷʦ֮ȴû뵽ů߲ǸѦʦһ͵ˣ˵ܳϾҵĳȻõҩҪЮңҪҸС檣һŭ뿪ˣ߳ѦҾǼѣó֪ܽظϡ
ֻû뵽ѦץңҶöؿٷ׼ҶͽץȥһѰɱһѪ·ȳӳǺҶ޷ƣҺʦһš˯
˯
˳˯һ̱״̬ʹǼҲԵõݵĿƣ˵βȴʱ䡣˫ˮɻͽ˯ĹЧһ¡
ȥҹ֪н𻷾Ķ˵ȥӳǣܵģȥӳ㣬ԼûаκĶԥǷĲ¾ǼţҶ׼ӱȥӳˡˮƽ˵Ҳû¶鲨
˫ǸܵǷĹػչһЦҲǽˮһοĵЦ
лл㣬û뵽㻹ôҡ˫̾ǳЦ˵ղŵбˮѹ·һ˿Ҳ֮ȥϾΪԼⶾ֮١
㣬Ѿȥ֪ͨûˡˮ˫ϡ첲ϡ򡭡һЩѨÿһζǺϹ
ˮ˵߰˫Ѩָֻ̼Ǵֵˮ࣬ղȻ˫ھûʲôо
ڲͬȻ·ȴȻо꣬Ķѣ˫쵽ˮҲǸоЦ
һο졣˫ֵڶߡ
ˮЦţҲ벻ƤԣԺдǿ˵ӣȴҲ۸ʵ˰ɡ
ʵ
ҺܴġˮŤ˵
Ϊʲôʼǰ
֪ˮεĿŴʱеĹĵ˫ʵﰵڣԼûˡ
ҵȻֻ֪ǲܶ۾ȻҲǸСɫҵıҲռ˫Խ˵ԽԹĿˮ
Ҵˣⲻ鲻Խ𣬵ʱʵѾʶ״̬ô˲ûռԺһˮ˫ȴ˵
ռұ˻ˡ˫ˮһڣоûô
ˮٺһЦٰ˫ѨͨһᡣԿǲǿ´ˮ˫ѩ׵ѥӷźá
ҪҴѥ˫ֻСѾ˵е㽿
ˮץס˫㣬׵ӿȪպȻȡţ᲻صţ
ţ˫ԾһȻסԼ죬ɫһĨߡ
ˮٺЦţ˫ֻзſΪӴѥ


106 ˮ˫
ǻԼȻ㣬ţղԼĽűĺ
ʱ洫˵
ˮţЦӯӯĸף̲סһ죬ɡ
¿˫ʱһоˣޱȣʯ˵ǸӰôţû뵽ȴʵ·
˫ȴͷֲСӳͦȻ˵ģԭôһʡòѵĸס
ã˫æѥվ
𶯣岻ţѾãˮ˹˫ɣ˫¿ĵ˵ȵ˫شϡ
Ƿϲ꣬˫ôܺȣѾˡ˫ЦеҲ֪Ϊʲôһš
¿ˮˮͷһȥ԰ɣ˫㳢׵վһ
ˮֻ⻹⣬˫Ǿʱˣȴǿĵˮգգۡ
СӻŮԵһݺӡѾдŵʦװϵ壬ֶһ˫ҪĻÿɫ¿ѾĶ̾
ɽʯԬӱ˫ʱǾȣ̫ˣɽ͵
ʯΪһαԺһ㡣
죿
ţ
Ưˮѣ
ţ
ϲˮ𣿡
˫
ˮɽͷһ£СӲҪЩ߰顣
ˮĻһĵЦɽʱˮɽʯǾһ޻̸һʲô˵Ů˵ȻҲ̸Ĳ١
һϹսսѣһҵѣоһι潵ĸǡǰϵ;
ˮɽʯǱֵܣоһԹϵˡ
ˮڵ㾭ôƯÿңʯٵ˵ζ
㡢ڹⶼζϴ󲹣˫ҲǳԵĿĿˮ
̣̫ˣ˫ԹóԵζҪôõվͺˡ
óԾͶԵ㣬Ժ˫û¾Է̿Ǻܸ˫ġЦ˵
ҪץסһŮ˵ҪץסһŮ˵θˮɽ˵
ɽһĵͷ
ˣ
滪Ƴϣʯɢ͵ĹâΪڶ࣬ǵĽֵƻͨ硣
ˮ˫һҹȥҹޱȣǻЦҹҹСΪȻһЩСҲ١
ҹһ㶼ǼֺͥŮˣоһȺϵŮ߾ǼкøеŮ
磬ŮƯ͸ɣһ۵
ˮͷǸҵСŮһ˫۾ûʲôɣһӣʮõ廨
ˮСŮ˵ûȥ˫ĹϵΪСŮ̫Сˣ˫ȴһκ죬ϧĹѾСãôôСͳļء
磬ŮƯ͸ɣСŮգŴ۾ϣĿˮ
ˮ̾һ仨ݸСŮһӣСԴĿӪ顢Կա縮ɫָ˼£
лл磡۵ˮкʹ
СŮˣˮӶ֪ȴ֪˵ллܴ塣
ˮ̾˫˵ѾһӣӦùһʱˡ
ˮҡҡͷǮУûֻ˵仰𡣡
˫üͱѩֻûж룬˵ڰп
ţԸٶҲûãֻԾϣ˿һӵķܶһα
ˮ˵仰װǰͥһ㣬ũ֪˵ļ࣬ж飬Ϊʵ̫ˣ𸻣ϵʰҲãƭҲɣóһǮԾԼֻΪǸ˱ӾԼһ
رĶֻ֪ΪԸԼһ⣬һˮȻڴ򣬵ԲȴȻˣ䣬ֻҪʵ·ĺܾʡ
˫ˮ˿޳ӰоôͦοºϪˮһ಻һ̸оԵˣ˶Ĺףľ
ΪʲôǸСŮأ˫ɻʵ
ھдڵԭĺֹһԵĶӣûǸʹҽСŮΣҸ֪СŮǲмˣǾСŮԷ᲻ᱨǨŭСŮļˡˮҡҡͷε˵
˫ĬˣҪˣЩ鱾һֲϹصĺϷڣ뻵ûжγƣûлˣҲͲˡ
˫ˮĿһ˵ܹ֣е
ˮЦûǡ֮


ڶ Ƿƣ


107 Сҩ
ҾͲȥˣϲδȣȥٿĶԺڹȥҩУˮóһӣ֮ݵ˫ת뿪ˡ
˫ĿˮԶȥ̧ͷƻͨҹӣȻ߽ȥ
ȥȻٲ˱׷ʣرɽĽˮ񺹣ʯΪԲƷͯվС椣Բɽô۲
ֻ˵һ䣺ˮӰѾĺŮϵУɱˡˮԵ
ڶˮٴμǰǰＸˣˮĺܸлǣԼǺ˵һȥݺ¥һ١
ͨٴʶˮ֪Ϊ׵ǣˮоԼݹϵһ㣬ǾȻûһˣرصģҲѾ̡
ԼƵĽҩЧ൱ˮǿǵƣ˵ƤˣָҲ̫˰ɡ
ݺ¥ҵݺӣˮôݺӺܾȣĵĽǴ¥һ䣬ˮݺӷԸʮóõļ̳ꡰѸ㡱ơ
ˮڲŷʮ˵ǸоȻŮģȺСҪǻ˫̥ԲͲ࣬һФһФ냣
ǸӣӵǸ꣬û֣ҶӣһͨףܴԴе
ʣµļûʲôɫˮǽǼס
˵ɣȻҵӦǵģһ˵Ҫôˮ΢ЦĿ˵
Ҫıӣǰڰ㣬ϧûʵһЩ΢һİɻǡеε˵
ǵİʲôʣˮüʵ
ǲһЩ۸յģҪԣ̶ӣտһЩ¥õȡ
ãƾһҴӦ㣬Уôʵ̫ҪЩǿޣо˻졣ˮˬ˵
ڰǣˮڿ˵κˣݶƺ˫ĴھԻԼˮƻ̫Ĺأ
ɲٸһǸ˵ҩۡںˮֿʱͻȻ˵
ˮһȻóЩĽҩȫ֮һǣԺֱңҵǰһԱ
ٴιƽˮƽһ鶼ʼã̤Ҳôңɼ
ˮɾҩҩΪͿһǧ飬ͿСˡ
ˮоֻҪСҩǾݴ½ϵҩʦˮžŰپʮ˵ľ飬ܼ죬Ҫʱ䣡

ˮڴﵽһǧʱ·һˮ֪öԼҩʦС
ƺõĽҩˮûüѸٵĽĳʶСҩͼ˽ɫܵҩǰ棬ȴڽҩ档
Сҩǧ˲һߡʯӢ軨յ̡޽ӣӡ¹סߵ
ˮŵһζҩҲҩȻһǧ˲ΣһߵڵԺֻҪڵһдڵ֣ĴҲ޼˰ɡ
ţСЧ
СԸıߵʣﵽϴǿãۺʵһɣںܶʱˣƣûһֻֻܷˡˮҩĹЧϲ̫ǿˣۺʵһɾǰٷ֮ʮٶȡҲɡ
ϧÿֻܳţֵҩǿ߷üƷҩǰۺʵıӵģϧʱռȫĲǲܵģȻԼƾҩͿþݴ½ҴԼ
ԼҲҩʦˣѾҩˣˮоֲƴ֣ʮĸо־ЩӵܵԽһ
ɾеҩݣ˲УϧݻԶ򵽣߲軨ʱͨյɾУ޽ҲУӣУ¹׿Ը߼ߵҲԸ߼
ܵ˵ҩݻǺܳģֻǧ˲ξ鷳ﶼҩݣ뱻˾ͽṆ̀һۡ
¸Ҫپҩǧ飡
ˮСЧϢĿɿڴ
ҿڳֻǺˣҪľҲ̫˰ɡҪѧȫҩҪʱ䡭ˮоԺҪľԽԽ࣬Ǹ֣ҪԼ̣ҩݺʱ䡭Լпռ䣬Ҳҩ̣Īڤڤ֮аţ
ҩ޼֮رԽϡĵҩҩҩ˼رͨĵҩֻҪ΢ĻЩƷԼϵĵҩҩڴʦҺ֮С
ҸԼҩȻ̺ܼܱȱûкãԼҩ񻹺ǿ󡣡
ˮž뵽ԺԼƳĵҩYYǮŮӦоУҪҾҾݴ½ʵò绪Ůˡ
ڶˮݺ¥Щݺ¥ŮСöѾʶˮˡˮݺ¥Լһ
Ӧ÷ֵġݺӺЦĽһƱݸˮ
ˮӣԼ㶫ˣˮеĴݺнӹǮˮܲϰߴŮнǮȻǮԼӦõõġ
ȥó׼ˣ԰ɡ
ˮȻĵĴӦֻû⵽ݺЦٻձһ˿ֻ꣬ˮ˼ڸûж롣


108 ĹѸ
磬ˣֻû뵽໢౴Ҳһˮ໢౴ǿޱȡ
໢౴ͬҲǺܿģر౴ˮоԼ׸磬΢һŷԼǲ֪Ѿˡ
֣ˮɽʯ˴໢౴ιǣˮеǮ
ˮ磬кƯ౴һ̯λǰһɫϣ˵
ϰô
С۹⣬пⶫ涥õһжǶӣ۹ûС΢Ц˵
ˮǮ౴ĵСˮҲܿģܼ򵥵Ŀģ
ºԬӱһرʢķˣ໢౴һγرڹ̻꣬ʵôҲɵһԼͬˣһ࿴ȻЦſ໢౴
ӳǣ
ûʵӳǳΰߴӳģɼʮ̨ͤ¥ɣÿ¥󶼿ݻޱȣɸɫ߼¥һЩɫܣɷڣԳ˼˵ĸ
԰УһݵͥԺƷͻһ˫һۣһϮɫԵÿͦΣ˫һۣƤ촽һѹӣȻ֮㣬ȴᵽʣᡣ
үˣڴһڹܼҵͷ˵
ţ֪ˣæȥɣֺһ˹ģд͸
ǰԺߵĽУ
ܣˣ߽ܺк
ҵĵϵӵܣӳҲǴ壬ӳĹҹϵҹϵߵļܴСһģϵãֵһ㡣
磬ڶǰ𣿡
ţǵĺζѾķзҳϲŮΨϲʳǰȥʶһ񲻿ϧ뿴Ƿȡ˼䡯ɫ˻Ҫζ°˵û˵ԼϲŮв˼
磬ҴһϢܿ˵
˵ʲôôµġƽʱͦϬģԼǰеЦ˵
̶ׯСѾͷо̶СӣҲڰǡ
ô֪ɻĿܡ
ǰ˾ͽҵǸ˾ͽңδ޺ҵһӵܸˣԼҲǸ³Թϣүְܳæһ¡˵
ǺǣܵСӣԼδ޶סǳְû⣬ҪδޣŮ˲Ůˡ
΢Ц˵ţ˵˸оȴôС
죬ˮ˴໢౴˱Ҫⶼιǣʱ仨˲ǧӡ
ˮ࣬Ǯ֪ͻִţЩ竲ǴǴһ竵ʱ
˼رˣǳֻţţȻֻ޼𣬵ȴٶ˫ףףͨɫ棬һĽʵһֻպţһ㣬ܴԦ·ϵѡ
ﲻ˵λھݴ½Ըȵٶţһĳ񳵣񳵺ܴ׳ȴ׶࣬ףԦ꺺ӡ
ѱʦѱ޲һҪٶȺϣҪΪ˸·սΪĿĵģѱȴǴΪ˰ս
һѱһҲǺܼ򵥣ãҪѱͬȼħһ죬ѱʦѱ޲תãԣֻ޵ȼµķſԡ
ԣʵǿԼߵ߶и߼ЩʱҪ
ţԦļƷԦûţѾ뵱߼ˣţƢ߯ѱٶȡʺԦԦҲһݵ
үţ߸ϳ꺺ӵͳ
ݺ¥Ȼסʳһģݺ¥ŰɣΪǴķзĺġɢ
ݳӾȻ峺·ҵݺ¥ţźĳͣݺ¥ǰ
ζ㣡
䣡ӳ½߳ˣܡһȵ꺺ӣϳĺӣһˡ
Ǿһ·ͣʱӳǸϵǵĹˣǸ˿С
壬Ҳζ㣬ݺ¥ˢӡ̰˺ǹ
ֹˢӣζѾ˼Ҫ߳һˡүܣǽȥǲŵôóԡЦ˵ЦݺܲȻ񲻻Цһ㣬ЦȴǺůġ
̤ݺ¥һȥݺ¥Ĳã壬ڰǣ¥װѾܲˣϧ˼仹ŲСĲ࣬ơų硣һݺ¥ڲͷҡͷ˵š
ѾˣȥУؼǳԵģȻǾ¥ƺͷƣҪǺ˵
һŮӴڴһ£ȥ䣬ֻǸоڴ²ѵһĴԺȡ
ĺ㡣ܶǸվԱߵǵ˵Ů˵
ڴƷŮпͻŮӽӴһס̣ùϿĵЦһֱϡ
Բ𣬺Ѿˣĺ𣡡
ʲôˣǧԺģģٻžһӡ
Ǹûп仯鶼ûУȻЦЦĿߵƷŮ
ĺȷʵѾˣҪ硣ƷŮ΢Ц˵ֻеҡ
ݣһССݺ¥ҲֳӣŲҰ¥ˡŭЦ˵
µĽ΢Ц˵
úãԵȣ
һᣬݺӳǰ
֪ǹ٣²أѾó׼ˣλҪĺܿͻݺŮĻ֪⼸ģܲͲ뷨
ݺ¥Ĺ£һۿݺӾͱ֪ԳǽŮ˺Ů֮ϢǹϲϢ
ϲٸ͹Ѹӳٸ͹ѸƷ٣ٳݼŮ˵òʱΪŪһѸϧһ»鲻õɱŮТʱŮߣȻٰŪΪȺþǺʹŰɫТĹѸá
ҪһТ
һѩ׵ȹݺӼǾգųϢùܿζЦˣ˵һ仰
ݺ¥ҵģҵȻε˼λξ뼸λݺ򾲵˵
ɸѤֿ˻ǾȻҲ˼ˣһģ黹ȽǿƣԽǿԽãҾϲǿƵŮڿתлԼڡ


109 ɱ
Сôƺ¹ӳǣǰݺ¥ΪƷĺ㣬ղܳ嶯ˣ΢Цվ˵
ݺӱľٶԸеԺôͻȻˡ
ҽݺӣȻ˵ͲŸλˡ
ʲôһԶٷɡ֪ܿŮȤǺܴȤ
ݺӵüͷüĿԴꡣ
ʲô⣿ӳǿݵˣĸܲмЦЦ˵ӳǵĴңСǵļ᲻˵޼ɵ
ݼңҲ֪ʮǰиʱݼҾѾӳǿһ壬ӳǣһʲôԼҶкü
ҲҪݺ¥λǿͣظλϣλңԲѷҲɱ۸ݺü˵
ԲѷΣ˵첻ҪٳԷϻҪү˯
ݺŭյʱһ˭ҹеôôҲ֪˩ڼųҲҧˣҧ˻ãҪǱ˸ˣǺûӣ
ɢȴˮ̤ݺ¥ƤЦⲻЦ˵
ˮ챾ݺ˵¿Ըṩڹ꣬ȴû뵽ſʱܵſԣݺò֪ô𸴣ֻܳһλˡ
ˮݺӿˮǽ޵ԣһůԾľȻߵˮסˮĸ첲
ݣСܹܺ衣ڵվͲˮˡ
Ҳ͹򽻵λ͵ĻֻôˡˮƽЦ
СӣȥѾˣˮһ乷һ乷СӴҷͷ֮ޡ
ԭһˣ޵ôģ
ܣСĵ㣬﷭˴𷴶ֺǺǵĿˮȥš
񹷣ˮЦ˵һ䣬ȵˮȻûдﵽϹǿĺΣֻеػΣ¥ܸߣٶһʵѽȣųֱһȭ
ˮȭ
꣡

ˮһȭڶԷļиѨֻû뵽ͣȻͷҲˣ
ô񣬲ôҲ˧İɡˮɻ
иѨ򵽣ϹͷѣֱӻԹȥ
ſˣΪƾ佫۷ڰǲгҲһܴ򵹰ɡ
һʹˣһһУ
Сӣþȭüдһ˿Ц˵
ֻֻ̫ãֻҧ£̫ˮ˵ȻԷҲûʲô˵ģ˿ʲô
˾Ƿâ̫¶ûиز𡣡ĵ˵ţȴǽһų
һ˵ʱſڱ߳ɫ壬ҲȻɢ
ǿߣݺӾʮǰүүͻʱͿ˾߳Ǳ־Ž֮
СѾͷ֪Ĳ𣬿ϧλС˾Ҫˡ˿⣬еҰ
㲻ɱûйϵҳеݺӰˮԼȴվǰ档
㣬׼ļƷ㣡ˮһ̸окᣬѵһŮ˱ԼοŮҲԼֻȫԼ
Ǻǣ£ҵΪʲôö˶˵ľſڵˡվ۾ζĿݺӡ
ȡ
ӣҽ첻¥һᵱŪ㡣òͻȻºͱе
ϧˣˮݺһߣûзŭȴ˺ܳأˮ
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ҪɱǲɱүүǲŹǵġݺקˮ䣬ҪֵǸŵ˵
үүݶʮǰ֪𣬾һϷЦš
үү
һɱĺһ˵
ΪһͿԺаԵôⱡˮǸ֡
СӣȻĳЩطʲô𣬺ٺ٣˭κεңСӣӸȫʬ˵ˮ˫˲һһɫĹˮĿϮٶȡ
ȻԼʳö֮ٶȱȶԷв㡣ˮľݺӴһߣԷ˫֡
Сӣٶô졣
ˮңˮõ£
ʮƵˮƵǣ޿ˣεˮԽԽ˫ƺͶԷЦ⣬Ϲ߶ȫӭԷ˫ơ
أ
ˮɳȥײĺʯǽȻˤڵϣһ˿Ѫ
ˮз࣬ȻǿԼΪľȻ˴ԼȫһֻöԷ˰벽
иǳԾԼ˳ɵȻûдСӣˮվ˲أٿˮʱѾɱĸСʱ㽫Ǹ鷳
ˮΪˣԷĿ⣬֪ɱȻ
һ֮Ѹٳ£˸ûˮԵʲôݺܵˮߣѾˮֻǾǿû
ˮݺ¶һϺܲЦݣֻЦݼǵѪ־Ȼ֮⡣
֮ܿ췢ãһֿһ㣬ֻһʱ䣬һٶȵˮͶԷӲƴҲܾ˰ɣ
컹̥һ㣬̫ǿˣˮ뵽ɫסһ롣
Сӣˣ
ˮθܵǸϢ˲࣬ȭͷϵ֮һ߶೤²ѣȫ֮˫ۣһˮɱ
ˮܵĲĺ⣬ϹǿȫԽԽһȭ
ˮоԼ·סһ㣬·Լܶ㲻ǿһȭˮĶ۾
ڽӴһ˲ˮһҪеĽԵѸݵٶȲദͬʱУҵĹ䡢Ȼ󱬷


110 Σ
屾оһۣȴһ޴Ϣദ˲ʧȥʶ
ˮȻܹҪǱм򣬹ѼѪģˮɻȥֻǴˮЦ
˲伸˶ˣݺӼæҵܹȥסˮôˡ
ݺеˮǰοǳԵһö֮޷㿪ҪһڷĽʱˮͻȻҵĻͨٻࡣ
ݺػΰ󣬼ѪˮȾɺˣˮѾѨֹסѪҿԸܵѵĹڻĻָţʶǿĻָãԱߵݺѾ޳ˣû侲
ĿѾĲ壬ôҲ뵽˽ݺ¥һƬǽĴʱȻֻʣѣѾߵһɶֻм
ˮоô㲻ҪңݺӿˮҰ׵һѪˣҲƲסᡣ
û£Ұڼϣˮһƿװý¯ƵĴһɫĽҩ۵ݸݺӡ
ݺӻæӹȻѸٵľȵڼϣһ˲һȫˮоޱѪģĵطٵļۿٶȽɰ̣ԭʼ۰̣Ȼ˸о𺳣ǿԱܵġ
ҩۺ棬ҩݺӿˮǲѪļ˵˵
ˮʱȴǳ˼ڸղŵսУһκ֮ս˵ļһҲɱ˵һ֣ˮûжôĻңһ˷ܣǰ죬Լһˡ
Ҳ˵Ӧ԰ɣϸԼһ㣬رҪһ㣬ԼǿĵòҪǽǽǰ򵹣
ԼİûϣԼмѷɵ롢ڡ̡޼ϺߵٶȣԲǱ
ˮ˼ݺΪˮȻĺ
ˮ৵һ°γߵĽȻˮ˼Լô˧ʮɱˮӻӳǣȻһسӣɱ⣬Ůˣ
Ǿʱһˣ
ݶƣ
үүݺӿݶƷ·ץס˾ĵһ㣬ĵϲ
ûˣˮȥϢҰﴦһ£ݶƺͰ˵ȴĶŹɱε¶
ˮ֪ݶƵԲŹģǻȥǸܺͲ֪ȥϳ꺺Լͷţʧ
ȻЩ赲ӳǲ鵽ͷϣһʱˮݺʵĴϣѪ£򵥵Ĳϴһ»һݺӵ˯£ݺ㹻
ݺϵζˮƽԺ·ôߣۼˣ
һݶƽɫܳأ
ӳǳˣǸүٳ
ݶƵĻˮݺһʱоǿӳǣ˿ҲһǣԼǵþȻǳҡ
ѾˣǸǻǻ㲻Ҫۣ͵ʲôҲûʲôҲ֪ߣǲ鵽ﻹ֪ʲôʱأʱ޶֤ݶϣˮоҲ̤ʵһ㡣
ˮ֪ԼҪľʱ䣬һ꣬һ꣬Լ൱ʮĿޣûʮҲ޷̤졣
ûпɽ汯˵ʵ̫Сˡ
ˮȻɱǿߣǲ˼顣ݶ͵ĵͷ˵ʱҲЦˡ
ã̫ˣˮǿЦ˵
ˮƣݶƾʹݺӳȥˣˮϢ£
ݶȻû˵ʲôޱȣɱ죬һԺɱ죡
ˮֻϢһᣬһϹǿ´׼ȥĹѾĻָźܿͻָںңӳǲǿ̶Ǹٳ
ԼҲһѸھݴ½̶ǹѸˡˮӣ໢һܿģϧԽ֪Խá
ˮȥ;ܸое㲻Ծȴֲ֪ﲻԾͲˣˮڣ
ӳǣ
ʲôˣһ˿ŭ쳹ڳ
ǰϢǧȷһͨͷ˵
˭˭ɵģһžǿӰ˺·һ
ҺݼģүԼ򶼱ʬ𼣣ͨȻͷƽ˵
ݼҡҪǴӾݴ½ʧŭصӳǳĴ
֪ͨϻᣬȻõʿ꺺ӿŭĽе
ǣ
ΪĹ䣬Ȼм֪Լݺ¥гͻ˾¥ڲ˼û֪ˣϧ鲢ô򵥣Ҳһʱ䣬ˮɱӳһֵϢǣ
ҵǸˮ̫ˣȻɱ졣
˵ɣʹŶ󰡣
УͲ֪ˣǧȷģɱǸ죬ӳǵٳҲɱˡ
ôҿҲԶˣӳǰ

˵׷ף˵࣡
ˮô£ǵǵˮҲǺܣиԼԼ֪Ѿ˿ڡ
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Ҫ֪һ˵Ǽ٣˵ҲǼ٣˶˵ٵҲġ
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ˮȻҺʦװҿ˾ͽ˾ͽһСͤУıһϵòŮһһߵİ
Ůһ죬Σ˾ͽͦεɽУزϵʹĦţһ˫ʹץǷ˶βš
һŮңһȹȴûֻǽһ㣬ѩ׷ʴξͳڿС
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ȷӳǵĹҺҵǰǡˮüǰϢʵ
ˮǰź⣬ڵʹ飬ڱ˶ǶԼû뵽Ǽ˲ûкԼޣһԼ֪ӳǵĶ
лл㣬ǣʱ䲻Ҫңʱ뿪ǰɣˮǵļص˵
ǿһˮ̾뿪ˡ
ʱӳǵ˾ͻԼô죡ˮоΣһСΡ
ˮɾʱͻȻǸﾭγ͸Ͳһ
ˮǵĺﾭγĻҪæͽͲȼֻҪڲ˿ͻǰ㣬Ҳǰȥֻʱ䲻ȷ
ˮ֪ﾭγѰˣǵѾݲԥˣˮͲɾ
ݣһ̶ƳļХƷԲͬʱߴʱըһƬѤƶ䣬ɢҫ۵Ĺâþòɢȥ
˵Ѥƶܸߺܴ󣬵˿Կˮ²⣬ﾭγʲôطǶͲرУ
콣ڵͲþûпˣ˿ǲ׺һŵӿңԶͲ
콣ڵͲôڰϿգһֻ޴Ͼӥվһɫ۵Ŀֹš
˶ڿϿƶ䣬˶ϳǲ˿ĵһ콣ڵźš
Ư̻
콣ʲôڰΣˣܷųͲһ콣Ҫ
Ȼ˵Ҵ콣ڵע⣬еùĺˣ

ˮ۴ˣԼųȥľȻ콣ڵźţǰﾭγ콣ڵʲôˣ
ѵ޾֮··תǻü𣿡һˮľȻƽ
ȱܹǰһ˵¸ʲô۶ֵˮ֪˺ݶԼݺӣ΢һ£
˵׷ͯգüëرһ㣬Ӧþ콣ڵ̫ţ˲֪һᡮ콣̡֪˵ݶĿǻһ˵
ȴһּ尾ˮܵвĵȴĥ˵ģڵڶ󣬰ϿմһȴֱŰļХ
žһͳݼҡңǸϷˣɱҶӣϷָ˵ʱ֮ǲ־ͱϷɱ䡣
ۣϾӥޣǿޣĽһʮľӳԵſǾ޴Ͼӥޡ
ӳǵˣ˺
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ѩɺ׿弶ޣϾӥ޸ȼһڵĽͣ
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иɣһ۵ͯ
ˮͱǾ޴ƯɺŮǾˣѩ׵ıѩɺվһλѩµŮӡ
һɢƮϢŮӣȻձһϮɴסǾһ˫ǳòӺݡ㷢߸İУ˵źף޳屻ʵµȴβס͵
ӵߣ֮һ̫֮һ̫̣ǡô͹˸оЩ˶غͷ˶βŮײͣ
侹ŮǣҲˣˮ̾оȻһ˿¡
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̫ˣ
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ѩɺ׺Ͼӥ֮ԶмҲֻͣһֻѩɺ׻Ͼӥޡ
ϾӥڱѩɺǰĴ˫ᣬѩɺȴǽͷʱһ
һҶ裬ʲô˼üѩɺǵŮӡ
ͷͲˣҪ˵𡣡κȴس
Ϊƾһסǣ


112 ŮŮʦ
˵һʱѸٳĸߣÿͷף˫۾ȴ쳣
˭˵һˣͷⲻ𡣡һ׷ͯǵߴЦŴԶһֻ׸ߵʨ¹ٶһ㣬ٶȱ֮ѩɺײ٣Ǳѩɺûоȫ
콣̣ĸ߾
㣬¹¹𣡡һСŮͷʵ
ʨ¹½ٶ֮һ˷ºɽԽﲻڻ£һŴʿĸŮСŮº͵˵ţ
ﾭγ˵ˮѾϵǾޱȣ
ҼλǵϲôҪҪǣﾭγǳüĿһòЦЦݺʹȰһ㣡
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ĸŰﾭγͷҲȥ
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ǾĶǣر˫ˮҹյǳ峺ȴ䣬ǣ
СʦһҶ裬Ǻǽ㣡һҪóϴдҵĺдʦÿˣһܵõٺôﾭγˬʵЦŴȤ˵
үһҲˣһöλԺúȺãˮе˵
һҿҪģʱɲҪܾһҶٴ˳ԡ
ˮܵĵͷϵɽ͹СҲüͷ
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ˣˮ˵ԵҪףԸľ˻ԵȻҲģϾûԵ޹ʵĺ޵ûԵ޹ʵİܶʱʵûɵģﾭγΧĵ˵
ߵҩкҲֻʣһˣΪ˶ѱǿͻׯʵ޷İɽ֮УˮǿΪԼҪݺӡݶһԣˮµģ
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ˣûˣүӺһҶСأҪ鷳³ˣˮ۾ʪ΢Ц˵
лл
ŰﾭγһҶϹֻ˵֣ȴǺܳأϵĳⱻĵףȴԶǵĸо
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˫Աһһķ羰߰ɣˮ֪Ϊξͳͷ
һҶ迴ˮԼ˿Լ峺ζΡ
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ˮһҶ촽Ըȴһ˿Ȼ󻡶ȣǻȲǲмҲǿġȥȻˣȴǼݵݣòڴǵľգǾСҪǶ˲ʳ̻ζ
ڳԣеԵӣȴˮоŵ·Ȼʳ̻
ˮǵøղӦûһҶ΢Ц˵
Ȼ˵ľԴӦˮӲͷƤ˵ϾԽԼεȴ۶ֵã˵Ӧ飡
뽫չҵ£Ҳ˵ҪͽܣһҶ軺˵ţһգգĿˮ
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ҿԴӦֻиˮоر죬֪ÿĻʧ䡣
ܰĸ˼ΪʦӦǺܴĸ˰ɣ
Ǹ˵Լʦʱڣû˼ңΪˮûΪ˼ҿѣΪ˶ΪˮΪˣд
ﾭγ֣Ϊǰˮλ˼ңԺǸмм
ÿεˮ񺹣
ʲôôн˵һҶ赹˵ˮо˵һܣ
ͽܺϣܼڰǣҴҵͻȥϵĽ̻𣿡ˮ峺Ŀ⿴һҶһգգ
ȻҲû˩ߣΪͽΪ棬ͽܵڲ˿ҲıɡɣһҶ迴ˮǳЦ˵
ˮһ𣬸мĿһҶ裡
ҪҪͷʦˮӣ
ã˱ͺã콣ڲˣǺǣСʦãɾ޿ģ콣ŵʦ壬ǽΨһͽܣԺһ֧ҲһˡﾭγĵЦ˵
ˮϽ˫ֹݸŵһҶ裺ʦϺȲ裡
һҶӹˮĲ裬Ų豭ֱµһС£˼ҵģûôϡ
ˮû뵽һҶ軹һ棬Ͻ˵Զԣʦòǡˡ覡·ɡס
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ˮӣ˵ģϧһ˲˵ʦֻҿ佱˼ҡ
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˵ôģʦô˵ҲøţʲôһҶü΢΢
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ȥʦôСˡֻʲôô󣬿Ҳûʲô˵Ķܵıʾһ£ʡԺԹҡ
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͸ɣһʯͷһЩԺ콣Ҹһݴ񣡡



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ʯˮʯͷʯֻʵпƯˣλðĸо
ֵҲͦϵģʯͷʯ
ˮû֣ʦģ㻹Űɣ㶫ͺã˼˼ˡ
ţⶫҴҲʮˣ͸ˣһҶ˵ֱˮ
ȣˮ뵽һҶشţһʱе㷢̲סһҶǲǺܴȴ׵أⶫġ
ʯˮ·ᵽһ˿洫ĵѩ㣬ȻѸٵĴϣʯؿʱˮ顣
һˮоԼе
ллʦˮһҶ˵ԼоɴһĹŹ֣
ʦ˵˵콣ڵ飬Ȼݴ½һЩɡһһЩ˶Сˮĵʵ׬һλ绪Ůʦ벻Ķѡ
ȸ˵˵콣ڰɣ콣ǲ˿ǿһɣȻҲǣʵѾ˵ˡһҶ̾˵
̾ˮ֪콣û˲٣ˮûнӻĵһҶ˵
ˮӺ̬һҶЦЦЦݺǳֻǵĻ΢һѣԼеЦ⡣
콣Ѿǧˣ˵ܺЩĴʹȣڲ˿ʵĵһɣǲ˿Ȩˡ
һҶĻˮжţˮƣݴ½ݡǳضҺУǳص˶ǿһҵΣǼҵζҪΪǷ񣬶ΪѾ㹻Բ˭ֻҪʵ֤Լصİȫͷ١
콣ڣһˣֻдʦ̫ϳϣʣµʮͬһʦŵĶǳϣмʮԼϰٸִ¡ǧӣڳϣǵλ뻤־죬콣ڲ˭ֻҪ̤ͻ̷Ϊ
һҶ轫콣ڵһЩ˵£
ˮŰէ࣬콣ھˣֲôǿǿûϰٸŽйأοһҶĻڲ˿ܺ콣ڿʵ
ĺܾʰˮ̾ţ
ʵʱ޲ǺģЩɹ湲ͬάеһԴȶǹ߻ֺ򣡶ʱһһܵвҹ֧ͬԮ
ǺǣˮҪŬϣΪʦҲ˸ˡһҶеƤƵ˵ֻǲˮε
ʦЩǲǶ̤콣ڵӣ
ǣûмκҪ콣ҲǿԣֻҪб˵ҲǿԽ콣ڵλʦҪŬڻͳ֮仹жʮλ򲹳ϣǶʮλǴŰλʵǿĶʮˣν򲹾ʮλ޷ڼʱǵоͻ油ϣ
ʦʲôʵ˵𣿡ˮϣʵ
ǺǣļʮһҲµһǸǼʮͽܣҵҲһҪʦһҶ˵žЦˡ
Ц˵ţرѩ׵ıݣݣݣˮŬƲĿ⣬ʱ쳣֮ģ
ʦӳӦòࡢ˰ɣˮеǸơ
İɣһڲ˿棬콣ӵܣӳǵĶҲᶢšһҶ͵˵
̾ʦ˵ǰ콣ֻҪڲ˿һ仰˵ʮҲΥʦȻ콣ʵϸ̨ף
һҶ̾Ϣ˵һ䣬ŷ·뵽ʲôˮˮţһ㣬ǸôɱġһҶʵ
ҲˮһҶ仯һΣֲˮ·Ͷһʯӡ
ôΪɱģΪүءˮʵ
ֱ
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һҶﾭγҲǴϸĽ룬ôСɱ죬ое췽ҹ̷
ɱ죿ﾭγﲻסʵ
ˮֻõһЩʵ㽻ȥˣˮȴ˵һ𾪵Ļ
һҽʦǸʵβģˮ˼˵
ˡ
үӣܰ㸴ԭ𾪵ޱȡ
ˮϲһҶʦȱ仯ȵױȡ
һҪүӵģʱûаգӦûˡˮ˵ǳԾĻ
ܿƣﾭγˮʵ
һҽʦȻԿˣ¼ֱˮֺ˵ʵˡ
һҶ跢һѾеоУһδǿ˼ƣ˵ܾҩʦ޲ߵơ
һҶĿˮǳϿҵô˵ѣˮȷ˵Ļ
ˮЦ˵һ仰Ǿˣ
ʵүʮǰˣǰʱ䱻һҩʦκãʵûʲôصҩʦ
ĪǸصǿҩʦ㣿
ˮڿǻݱ仯ķɣ
ҲˮĿԣǵһҶбһۣﾭγˮǸصǿҩʦʱڵϲֻʣ¾ϲ
ˮѾǵʩˣޱȣһҶȴĿԼյͽܵʩ룬һ˲临ޱȣ֪ø˻ꡣ
ﾭγֻһ㣬Ȼ뷢԰ףƤӤһϸ壬Ҳ⣬һҶ貢ûбܻ䣬˵Ҳֻǹ
ﾭγĵﰼ͹ƽһWͣݶƵĵҪúܶ࣬ϾݶƵʱＸϵﾭγĵﻹֻܴܵơ
룬ǿԭãȻٽľԭԼЩϸСչ޸
̱ԪǻһԣϾϹǿϹΪԼеԣ޸͵ֻ޸ԺҪԼ֮
æʱ˻֮⣬ˮѨﾭγǱܣǿĻָ
΢仯ﾭγϱḻޱȣ𾪡ϲţһҶȴ˼
棬ﾭγӷЩҲ̶õľ͵Ѿָԭ˵Ҫµ֮ʲôҲû뵽Իָʵ
ˮҾ˵ԵͷӵĹˣʲôҲ˵ˣһԺллȥ̫⣡ﾭγĵ˵һƳüëһ㡣
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УˮŮʦתתǣˮоһҶһû־нĸоȻ
ʦıѩɺôѱģˮϵĸּˮĽ
ѱֻѩɺԼҵģҲѱޣһҶչЦ˵
ʦӲҪ㣿
ţѩɺͨ򵥵ԣֻҲ֪ΪʲôӲҪңֺ黹Ǻٵġ
ǵá־졷˵ѩɺϲɾʥࡢһȾˣԺѱѩɺףбѩɺʦ˵ʥˡˮЦ˵
ͻ˵ЩƭʦģһҶЦһ㡣


114 
ߵǰǵһֵϢʲôĶУһҶĲɵĴΧΧ˸룬˼ӣƵһ˵ˮǲǶ޺Ȥ
ǰҲֻ룬˭ҲѱʦˮпЦ
ѱʦһҶЦЦȻ˵ʵѱʦֻһͷݴ½ѱʦѾܶû˼ˣ˵ѱʦҲֻһЩͨ򵥵ĸ֣һҶ˵Щѱʦǲм
ʦ˵˵ô£еɡ
ڵĺܶѱʦѱʦʵһЩ֮ͽѣ˵ܾǰЩѱʦ±ֻʿ𶼿ѱޣǲѱΪĿģڵЩѱʦǸԽѱǶǽѱ޵ѱޡ
ѱ޵ʲôˮԼûޡ
ѱ޵ö޲Ƶĵҩºһʽʱʮʱ
ûбˣˮɻʵ
ûУһҶЦҡҡͷ
ѱ޵һܹɣˮѱ޵Ĳ϶Ǹϵģ
ֹһѱ޵ҩʦĵҩ֮һ󣬱Ͼѱ޵ҪٶʮĲϣЩϸ޵ڵġޡȣûЩ޺ѻȥ˵󲻹󡣡һҶЦ
Ҫ˵˭ѱˡˮ˵ʲôоʵ
ȻҲˣǿ߼һֻֻҪܴ޾һļʽոֻǼʺС֮һÿ˶Ǿʮϰεѱޡ
ˮоܿģԼ̽㽣ǸǾεϰĳɾ͡
ﾭγһҶ뿪ˣʱһҶ˵һˮúҪΪһ⡣
ºݼҺҳ˰ǵеλļ壬رңٲȻѾǰǡһ㣬ˮһرĴڣĽۻġ
ݼҺߵĸͬ˩һƣݺ¥Զ鲻ûƻݺ¥ⷴȴǸ¡
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ˮѾˣÿ궼ȥӳǽҩģȥӳǸҽҩģ
ӳʱͲȥˣȥϵɽկӣһд궼ռҩģȥռ˵û컨ءˮԴˮ»Ҫٰͷˮĸ΢΢ͷ
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ҩһֶˣڰҪչĲҵˡˮôҲܿġ
ùãҰɣұ֤ԹԵġ౴µĽš
ǴҵݳģһֵͼţޣٶȲ죬ʤ㣬סףҰ޶㲻ϣƽʱ˳ޱȣϰʹţ
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˰ǼǻĽɽ··ûǿ޺޳û²ŻôǰȥҲüӸš
ʿ߼мˮûˣ໢ԴǺЦš
ǺǣŬö֤񫡣ˮ뵽֮Żڶ졣
ã֪ˮĶԺãǺʿ߼ѾҵĶֵģٺ٣ʲôʱܵ佫𡣡
໢ӣˮоܿģģŬͻƣˣȻˮɣһζͻƣͻơ
ˮ磬öɲң౴ˮԱߣˮ첲Ц˵š
˭Ҳ㰡ΨһĴС㣡
ˮĻ౴һЦ
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ҰɽľҰޣȺ಻ʤһһӵҰûˮȺûҰʱŴСҰͷ
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ǳȺûСȺʮֻȺֻһƬҪֻҰҲֻܴݶԸɡ
һҰɽԵҪС쳣»ȺǡŭʹǳȺߣһ˶ﾭ
֮ԸҴ󵨴ΪŻǷֻۣҪڳϣҰͲҿ
Ұɽһ·ڲ·ҪʱѽǷڳΧţֺġ󡱶Իǲð
һ·ƽĹȥˮԿЩҰĻҰʳԺǿʲôܳԣر죬Ҳǰ䵥Ұ
ͻȻˮԶƬȺҰɧȻɢȥǻҵһ㡣
ѵʲôǿޣˮ
ùãôˣԶҰȺӴܣ౴ɻʵ
Ӧб޳ûɣû£طǸ߼ޣ°ο౴˵
ȺҰɢȥɧҵףˮ˿·ŵӡ
ǰһֻɫһҰȷе˵ֻǺҰһƣûҲûҰ׺ݵ񣬿е㺩ӡ
ֻһ״СڳҰǰԵúܽСеɰĸоһһĽԵýýݡ
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115 
ˮĸףԷоͻţˮ²⵽ĸҲСǽޣˮ֮ϳǽڡ־졷пмҳרŽһֲͬ޵ࡣ
ޣһ㶼ǴޡޡҰ޺أǱǿĺܣˮļǵùڽ޵Ľ˵Ϊǡ־졷ƪһǽޡ
Ұ࣬Եĳӻʯ巢䣬Ҳд˵Ǿ
־졷˵ȫ֣һ޷˼һëݿҧʹӲԽ飬磬Ѹޱȣʵʲôβ꣡
˵ʵˮںܵģ⡰ˣµɫͰˣϾԷǿı̬ԼҲͰ֮ң
ˮ˫ееɰоܡĴ۾ˮ֪һԣһǱڵǱ޵ڵ󣬿ϧˮֻ
ף³Ǻ󳷣Ѿˣ뷨ˮ³ٵĴߴš
ˮ뿪ɣȥº໢౴³ĵĿ˵
һΣǾߣһԸ౴ŭ˵š
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ˣʲôʱûյ飬Ūúһңȥһ£һͻˮɵ˵š
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ֻ֮һӵʱ䣬֮ʧȥЧãǿɾͻ׵ı⡮׷ϣһ֮ʧȥЧԼʵҲ½٣ʱɱļʾͻɡˮпࡣ
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ԣ
ˮȫһȭˡԴϣ޴һ첲ˡ
һȭбɵĻûг֣Ȼˮڡ־졷֪ëʵ¸о̫˼顣
ˮһȭľֻֻһ״СοһȭǴԴϡ
ˮű˵ԽѾöԷı䷽ûġжʱһĴܸУ̫ˡ
Ҳһȭˡŭ𣬷ŭĺһˮٶȾȻֿ֣һԲ˼ٶȻˮ
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һСֱ˺ѳһ˿ڣߣ߹Ƕ۵ʯֱȫѱˮʪ͸
мˮּ빥۾ˮԲġֻ˫۾Ҫϧȭ֣ܵˮһΰûڣûаҪȥ
Ȼˮǿ˿ԽԽ࣬ˮϹǿȴתԽԽ
֮ЧʧҲˮ˺ѸӵԭˮںΣѾо١
ܵĶֿˮ㹻ǿ¶ʱǿʱҲѾ˵ƾͿݽ׶Ρ
ˮǰʼһĻĻ棬ĸױСʱ͵͵ᣬΪԼ˵ҵ飬뵽ĸ׵ʹͶԼׯ˳Ц˵ԼǷٺֱȴ˾ͽг񡢽ǡʦװŮ֮¡˫ɱ졢һǿľɫʦ
Ȼٴһ飬䣬ʼϰ䡢Ϲǿϴ跥֮еõ塢ɾϰϹͻ롭
žҩƽҩƾ潫ݶ˫ʱ컻棬ܰΰﾭγ
ô¶Źˣõǰ̾ҪġҲģˮ屬ǰδеƺǱܡ
һֱеϹǿڲ֪תУָͱֽһ㣬һʰˮɵתʮû˿ͣٵļתһ졣
ʮ죡
һ˲䣬ˮоһӰٻ룬һ˲ˮоأһӷ·𱻹ܶණһ㣬ͷѣٻѨ嶽ѨѨҲѨѨ
ͻˣͻԼıϣ
ԼϹǿ
ˮһ㣬ǻǰʶ


116 쾪ϲ
Ҳ֪˶ʱ䣬ˮӻȻʶͣڻǰͻƺһ߻Ľ޽׶Ρ
ѸٴһΧǽ޲֪٣ΧȴһƬʯҸڴϾڻǰ޹ΣرиоһɰײסԼ
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˲ˣѲк󸣣ⲻͻˣˮǺܿĵģϾٸҹԼͻƵһδʧʵ֣
һ뵽ͻƣˮϲ΢΢۾Լı仯ͻȻˮӰٶȱ֮ղųԹ֮Ҫһ࣡
Цˮзּ䣬˫ȭӳһʮ׵ľ޴ʯ鱻Ľȥ
ԣ
һ̻ˮе㷢Ц
ֲôͻƣֲ֮òͻƣԭ쾹Ȼǿ󣡡ˮڸоϹǿʵʵʮ
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ˮϹǿ뵽м׶Σˮ֪죬ʵԻֻû뵽ʮ
һ쵽ÿνʵһˮ۷ֻղŴǿʯͷжʮп񱩵ˮҲԼĸоʯͷһ5000ң
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Ϲǿϳ幦ǷָǱ̬
ˮӵֵġʧˣڵȴƶСĽɫҺΣ
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ˮеһļҲûˣð񲻹ȴһ˵ϣȻǺǿ׳壬ֻһ㼡ĺۼˮ֪˿µ
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ԺԻ׶ˣˮó·ϣͻƺʵ˶һԽУҲܶ࣬ո˵ҲӣӶӡ
ˮڷֻޣʵˮаմԼڶʮľԽ޻շֻ޵̲סYYϧˮ֪Ͻ޻ûϣˡ
ô˵ͻ޵Ĺͣû˭֪Լʲôʱͻƣʧ֪Ǹ
춼Ѿɽˣʱ磬ĸ׼ˣˮٵ漲ˮĸоˮ̲סһĴЦ
·;Ȼ㵽Ұɽ棬ԶԶţ޳ʱˮ˿ղŵջ
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ǰϳоѹ˺ܶ࣬ˮЦЦȻ΢΢۾ΪˮͻȻ֪ͻƳʲôܡ
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ˮűӣϹʱڵǿ󣬱иη裬뵰ѾޱȣɲǰЩֻһ֣ˮǵǰһ棬ũй桭
ˮҪ϶ǲҵõеƣ޷ۣȥң
ֻǾռдεĵˣˮоϧҲȻˡ
ˣˮҲ֪дεĵô½Դζվھݴ½ʳǰ߾ӰҲǲܵģ


117 ֮
ˮû˵Ͽ֮ͱ౴ҡѡˮ磬ģ˵Ựɡ
ˮ౴˵ʲôҪ˵
УҪ˵౴ֿʼˮ޿κεʽ
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ϵǳˮεЦЦˮ֪ӳǹ֮ǰɶǡϾ˳Բѵ
ЩϾҥʹҥҲ˼ʡޣԴӳǹ޹󣬾û˸ˡ
Уޣˮ΢౴Դ˵
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ƿ֮֮ͽҰӵ
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ܵ˶һֿ⣬Ǹ֣ϾߵԵʱ򶼻ᾭĽҰأɽش֣Ŀһ㶼ֿԷúܳʱʳ̸ζ
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ľӦ켶ˣԽһˮ˼бȽϡ

ˮƽ죬˲ϳһذ߳Ļɫ棬ɫе㾧Ө͸ˮҲû뵽ɫҲôǿ񱩵˺ͷٻһеƣˮ㹻ǿƻᱻˡ
ԺΪԼһֶֹˣϧֻа߳Ӧ㹻ˣˮžԾԾԡ
ʹڵĻ𲻿ԷٻһУѾΪֲˣ
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ң̽㽣ԽԽӦ֣һٻᣬˮеĸоˣǾԵţ
ٶȾͬҲٶȣٶȺˮȭоӰθоӼɵԳԽһһ
Ҳˣˮ·ʶһо˼飬ԼǿȡԼָ඼ԭʮ
ԼԪοܵԼԭǿ̶ȡ
ǲԪ
ԼˣһôᣬӦʱͻǰҵĳŵֽ˹ؼԵһ
ʱ䣬ԼϹǿ۷ɾİڸһ¥Ҳûпܣ
ˣи֮ûأˮڿޱȣĴЦĸо죬ԼˣΣ
֮ҪעҪӡ񡱵ĵ㣬νȫΡ͡ȫ񡱡
Ȥõ͵Ʒʵȷ档
Ϊ¡ʳסкΪ
ҪΪҽýġ
ҪںҽѧĻĻݡ
ʳΪҽ֮Ҫ֮һӦ÷ΧϹ㣬ӦȺҲ϶ࡣҪΪʳƷѡӦãԼʳƵȡݰҽҩʳ衢Լ׵Ļ
ҩҪΪҩѡơƼΪȻʳֲҩƷҲΪּӹҲʳƷںϡˣҽСҩš֮˵
ţû뵽֮ҽҩ䡭Ҳϵһһˮ֮Ľܣ
ţݹˮɻĿŵ˵֮
ڽиϷô֮ܵˣһǾݹ


118 ݹ֮¹
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ݹһģϹʱڵľݶˮ̲סǾݣ
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ݹҲоģ¾жĶз
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ػǾ᣿ˮɻԺ룡
ƣͻɽƣͻɽƣԳ˺˫۵ã¹¹¹ܵٶȺɾ
ˮֽ״ԵĿһ£е£Ҫʱ䣬ЩʽҲһͿɵģˮĵϹ֧ݹЧ°빦
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ҩ䷽ˮ¿Щˮϲֶҩֳҩ䷽
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׳ҩ䷽

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ˮо£ϾողŽǰĹϰһ飬ȿϰݹеһݰɣ
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ˮѡϰе¹ΪֻҪ¹СɾͿԼٶȣ
ٶȿͻǰһٶȻҪ࣬ȵʱһ֮Ҫ죬ˮĶޱȡ
¹һ׶ص֮¹顢ݶʡˮ֮ܵϹ˫ȣθ̫Ƣ̫׾
ˮʲ˲վţ۾ı仯ϹϵӿȪѨʱˮһ˲о˫һֵһ㣬Ȼ嵯ȥٶ类ȥļ֧
ؼΣٶȺܿ죬ӰȴǲԼһ㱿׾Ťٴͣվԭ±۾ȻٴһΣ
ʱ䲻֪ĹȥˮæµӰ϶һͣˮϹЦݡ
ҵһŵˮЦ̾ӳץһֻڹȣ
ڹ뵽ʦװ˵ҪԼڹԴϴһҲûм١
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¹ֻãҪﵽٶȵľ磬Ҫܳʱ䣬ˮйʱ䣬ʲô
ˮǿ߳ˮѾҹ˾ΧţˮԼû˿˯⣬߳
£˼ɵǰԼǼеСĶӣ滹磬ũ廹ԣĸʽ綼ѳɼҵرǴҲҵСɡ
оԼϽʮбҵһѧϷ̸һŮѲһ¾ʹˣŮľҲƯϧʱԸŵҲ
ֻû뵽ѧһѧûнԼȴ˾ݴ½˫ʧȥԼһİɣũ庢Ӷ࣬羡Тɣˮ̾
ˮź嫵ǿĬĬİݰݣףԸ˫׺ʹҸҲףԸҵԼҸ
ǰĸ۰ֳĺǻһȻûи׿ˮʮ껹иĸף֪ˣߵⲽѾܲˣǰļҲĲˣ
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ףڵȵȣѾ׼ˣˮ̧ͷ
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ֻѾͷСʱԼĸ첲ԼСʱһÿˮѣʱ͵ϮԼıϾѾˮΡ
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ǰǾչҩݣǺܿյ٣иˮʶҩݣԼϼࡣ
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ǳͷţ޳һؾװҩݵĴᣡ
ˮоֳϤǰȥִ߽һ㣬ˮɽˣоˮܲϲЩ½۾ͷϵЩνĹˣмǮǿˣͭ
ܿɽɽȻԭ·أΪɽ̫ߣϾͲʺϾסֻԭ·أ׼ȥһɽ
һɽʱˮɽ͸ղɽûʲôÿһɽ൱һӵĹģסǧʮˣٵҲɽǱ˹ģʺסˣɽڶʯţֹҰޡ޵ģ
ˮ˽ɽûԶʱǰ洫һ󺰽Ƿҵ·סˣ
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үҲ̫ˣСҲǹģһ˲̵˵
ʲô˸ĸֿ˽Ŀˣһʮٸһ˵
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ˮ̾ʵһۿС־֪ǡ衱ʱʱһͻײϣˣ
⺢ܿడԲ϶û¶ٵģ˸ǶһȦҪмסɱˣǰһֱţһȥȥҲǼͷȰסԭ򡣡˿ɬ˵
ˮ˵ΪԲ˶һȦ﷢Сԭж֣
衱ʧأܴԿƣˮֿߵСߣóһֱӲСֵͷٻѨ
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С֣ллλҽһղŵСֶٵ
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СǺģֿȭһֻɽؾԳղŵλ˵
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һֻһЩҰޣǰĶʵݴҲǿһɣҪ֪ÿһ֮䶼ʵһ
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һַ飬ͦıӣ촽΢ȴܱ˶ͦǵҪ¶һգβ˶˫޳ֱһɫȹеȺȺһ㣬ܵ˵һ˵ٸֻǿ̱һ㡣
ˮķգգˮоŮ˺ܷɧϧˮͿ̱ŮûȤ
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С֪ˮͬԼ뿪ܿģˮʱ֪׸ߣٽصСֲʮ࣬ԼСһ꣡
Сּһչ׼ȥСֵļλñȽϸߣ쵽棬СּҸߵûм
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ֱӰСԺĿյϣ˭Сּʵ̫С˵ɽĲߴסլϡɣٶײһҸҲûмˡ
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120 ݺӵķ
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ˮޱ뿪ˣԲѷļһģӦûá
ˮû뿪ʱιȥʱ˵ĴڻֵŮ˿µĲ״ȻһС
ڼžҹǽĺԶܿ˾ŻѾۼ˼ʮɽϸȥǿΪҰɽ˰ɣȺɽϱ
ǸԵҽʦ״ͳӣٸҲʹԵ˸Ǳ˼ᶨźͼù飬ֻǲôôҪĶûˡ
ɧӹȥһͬǿ׳˳ٸϣϧһˮѾˡ
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ŽߴԵǾգԸе壬Ƿõβʱˮ̲סĸо㡢ԣһ˵Ķ
룬ء촽Σ񶼱ԼȾָ̧ͷֵĿԼݺӣˮЦЦϧˮòƯ۾Ǹü䵭ɫӡˮЦݱе컹е˵ķ绪
⣬Ȼ⣡ˮֻǿЦû뵽ݺӾȻԼоϲȴе㲻
ǰˮյǰմЩˣ˼ȫʦװоԺݺӺнֻѣõѡ
ݽ㣬ŪЩڹ꣬ûȤˮ⣬¿ƲסԼݺӷʲô
˵ǺǺͬƷʵģݺĿ˵
ţҴֻſڣó¿ζΡˮͷſһ˵š


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ݺӼæˮֻĽųڵڹ꣬ÿʹС
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ȥûãһŮ̶һСˮһʱǸƯỤ̊¶ߵʱ򻹵ƤˮգգƯģܿɰ
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֪ԼѾ첻֪ʲôӣǵӦԼʮڿ̤ͻͬԼ׷ˮǰоܿġ
ҹѶˮˮɵĴϵĲڣӢˬŮſڣԶԶˮһȣ
Ҫס𣿡ߵһЩɬŮұ߷Ůʵ
СԸǿġŮӷһգգĿˮ˵
С㡭
ȻûŮתͷе㼱ŮеŹֵ˵
ˮŮÿӣ֪˫޹˶棬΢ЦŮͷŽȥ
ˣ죬˭ð˿˿ȪˮûӰмļɽȥΪɽж
ˮĽŲᣬһϲˮͻȻڼɽ棬ʹˡ
ȥ
ˮڱ˳ȥоӳѪˣ޹˫ϴ裬ˮȻֿһ˿ҵ壬ⲻҪģҪ˫ߵĳر߹ӣ޹һ˫ѩ׵ԲȴŽˮܽɽ氤žˮأˮǽ۵صҲӳ
̼Ļ˫ƣɵҲơ
˫ǻ뵽˴ſڿпŵģƾ˫ʵʲôо
ôҲû뵽˴һԼ˵ӣˮ˫вղŭŵֻǽˮȥ
ˮתʱҴһ޹ǳ壬һԽûˮоá
ˮӶ˫ǹεջˣһջˮԼںǸо
ǳĽŲˮͷεĿźܲȻŮʱŮѾ룬ֻʪ㷢ɢȻ
˫ı˿Ǹռˣʲôʱģ޹ȴǺָܿƽʱӣЦţ·ղԼûˮһ㡣
ˮΣֻǲ֪޹Ƿ֪Լ˫ʱռñ˸ࡣ
ģǻðɣˮǾ欵һ㵭ĺΡ
ãǺǣֻ㡣
޹˵ЦЦĻɣСӣϴлл˫ⶾ
ãӦõģҺҡˮűЦźĿ˫
лл޹ߺ˫Ҳָ֪Ŵ󷽵ӣǰݡ
ް˰ɣ
˫ᵽе㲻ȻǵͷѾûˣû뵽㻹һҩʦҷԽԽ͸ˡ
һδҸо費٣ߣȥὣȥˮ
ôܣ˫һˮһнɡ


122 ֮

˫μʮȻˮܣ
ͻƵˣ˫ˮüɻʵ
ţǰͻȻͻƵġ
˫ڸоܲʵûʮɣʮʲôȻ׵ĻԼԹ졣
ϲ㣡֪죬һײǽɣҶе㼵Ү˫ȹͱЦղã
ٺ٣ǴӦңʮ꣬ʮͻͬٺ٣ˮһǵӡ
˫һ㶣ȻԳЦǰܿЦһ˵ʮ꣬ΪֻҪʮͻѾˣ˭ֻ֪꣬˰꣬˵źûã
˫˵ЦЦĿſˮ
ҷãˮ˵ţ
ҵʱֻӦͻӮҾ׷׷ңɴ𲻴Ӧҡ˫һ㶣ϲԹĵͷ˵
ˮЦЦҲû˵ʲôͻȻ뵽Լġ֮ɫģÿ
ˮæɫĴ˫Ϊʲôҵ֮ͱ˲һ
˫ˮǺصɫ嶨վһŻع˸ӵ˵Ȼ֮
֮˵֮ҲУˮнľˮ֪ģϤ
˫ĿˮչһЦ㻹Ǹ˵Сƺһ֮ûУҵľ㲻֮Уֻд˵ϵ似ԡ
˵ˮһ似ֺ졢졢˵񼶣ÿַ졢ءƣˮжϹǿǴ˵ϲ֣ǰҲֻǲ²⣬ͻȻ֤ʵǸое㿪е𺳣ֵ黹Ǻˬġ
ֻǲ֪ԼϹǿʲô𣬲ǺƼ似ˮҲȥο֤ʵҲǴ˵ˣһҲ֮ǧһһƼĹûпɱԣȻҲšֲŰĵزġ
֮ʲôԣˮչЦ˫Ǻס
֮ɫ֮֮Ĺˮ֮ĳ󾢡ľ֮֮ķ͸񵲣˫𱻴ľ˵
ЩҲ֪һ㣬ءˮ֪ú
ˮߴ̲סбˮһۣˮҲ֪ļֻεЦЦⲻǼ˼Ҵ˴Сġ
֮Եֵ֮ͬһ룬Ұһ뷵ظԷҲ˵֮ͬײԷ֮һ룬ļһ룬֪˰ɣİ㡣˫š
ˮȴǿģĵĶˣб˸оţ˻УʶҲġˮ롣
˫ЦĿˮȻˮ̧ͷʱ˵֪ʲô֪һ㣬˵͵ơ
Ե֮һķȣһƷڽһиȣ֮һƻһˣ֮ɱǿģˮ֮ɵĸ񵲣ͬʱ֮ļһ룬ܳ־õģ˫һ˵ͣ
ľ֮أˮ˫̲ͣסʵ
ľ֮ɷ֮ˣǳΪҩʦҪЩοϾ˵Ϲ̫ˣҲżȻһпģ
в˵Ϊʲôղ˵֮䲢ûˡˮɻʵ
˫ЦЦֵЦöֻһǾԣˮˮҲᱻٻɣھǰڿ벻ˣ
ˮ˫ˮԵ֮Ȼ˫˵ԵֵԷһһȥֵ֮ͨ޷ײ֮ͻײһϴĿ
˵Ƿˮֱӹˣͻֱʮ˫˵һӦǴ˵ͼĹˮˣΪԽԽ
һ޹ҲˣˮʰǵķӼǮҴڰǴֱӽ·ҩУˮǮ͸ɴķһˡ
⹫Ҳ֧Լһ˼Ӧ֪ԼǮɣˮоܰϲָо
޹̣ҩеһСͥԺŶǮˮ޹ɡ˵
ۣ˫ѵõЦѩ׵ľӨݿˮ˫ð⣬񼶵ݣ
Сӣǰɣ޹Ц˵
Ц˵ôòûôӹװɣš֪ŮˮζĿˮҵ޹о۵һѿˮ
ˣ֪ô˵Ҫʲôݲؽ˭޹һ仰ش⡣
ˮЦţһֳ´飬үӲ֪ôͰ½
޹˫һžͽЦĳҲǶ㵣һµʱͦģҲûо𣡡
޹˵žЦˣ
ˮӣʱҪǰȥǸҩиĶСͥԺҪǮ
ʮңӦû͸㣿޹ǳЦĵ˵
ȻǮΪʲôҪңҪңˮȵĿ޹һ㲻Ҫӡ
͵˫ⶾһ⣬㿴ô޹ЦĿһգգĿˮϣ
ˮЦҲȥĬĬ˵ţҰ˫ⶾĸԸӦ֪ЩǺԸΪһЩκ飬ĸԸܿģûκĿĵ޳ȥ
˫˿ˮЦεչ֣Ǿ貵ôˡ
ҵȻ֪ΪҲˡ޹Ц
ˮоܹ죬Ĳ޹仰˼޹ӾԼǿ
ҪǲԸ⣬ɣȥԺҵĺؾҵöʲôഺפĵҩҲǿǿպϡ޹Цһɵ˵
ˮͷԺŪ𵤺ˡˮЦǺǵ˵ţԼеǮҲһͥԺҪණ
˫ȥǲ⣡޹˵ݸˮһԿף
ˮǸŪǵĺڹɣ˼ԣֲڣҲ˼ȥǣ˫ߵʱ˵˵겻Ծ۵Сͷ촽
ˮ˫ʹۿ˵ĶôҲû뵽ôŵŮҲ˾ٶԸеĶˡ


123 ˫
ˣɲʳ̻ˣҪŪأҸ͹ȥһЩԶٶУʲôʱҲ㡣ˮе㲻˼Ŀ˫
ԽԽˣţԽԽˣ˫鲻һ·ϺˮϹ
ǰǸСͥԺˡһξ˫Զ˵
ˮ˳˫Ŀ⿴ȥһɫ¥ΧķԵúǿ㣡
ˣҾͲȥˣԼȥɣߵſʱ˫΢Цֹ˵
ôҵͼ죿ˮζĿƮ˫β뵽ҹˮе컾ѩԲ̵ʱջ档
Сƺʲô㡣˫κ
͹ԹԵҪܶһε˽ȥɡˮ׳ŵס˫ȥ
ˮֻоСϸһ㣬ڿȵһĸо
ţôôʲôҪҺܶһΣ˫һû˵
˵һα㣬·ţӦһǵһİɡ
˵ˣ˫תһֻסˮ죬һ˫ˮеʪ⣬һζ
Բֻ붺㿪ģϲչǳЦӣҲϲ㽿ߵ΢Ц㺦ߵĿɰӣȻҺҲɫҲȥ˺㡣ˮԼ͵֣ͬʱҲɿһֻ֡
˫Ŀˮ㻹СңҲϲңҲҺܺãҸоﲢһңлиŮˡ
ˮһе㱻׵ˣŮ˵ĵôǿңԼһŲµʦװԼȴֻʦװһ𣬿ɶ˫Ѹᡣ
ˣ㲻ҺܿģҸоĳ⣬㲻ֻŴռУˮ˳Ȼɣ»ǰãҪĳŮɫȻΪܻܿܵӰ졣˫ָĵʵĳգĵЦ
ллҺѳŮɫˡˮ΢ЦĿ˫
㲻ǸרһҮΪҲ֪ʦλݺ¥Ǹеϵǿɶǰ£ǶŮˣֻҲ׵ǣĿͱ󣬶ҪδŮˣ˫Ŀˮ
ˮ㶵Ŀ˫кƣԼȻõˣ뵽ǰһϲޣʮʮ˵ģԼȴ˲˵Ļй˵ŮȤ
ǲϲͱŮˣǲϲйǹѸŮˣˮûüı˫ԵĻ
Ǵ֪ģˮã˫
˵ʮϲŮˣаϲƯĹѸܷϡ˫˵껹գգ
ⶼʲô㱻̻ˣûи㣬˸ϲϷŵŮӣŮӡˮ˵
˵˫
úֻ˵Ҳ˵ȥ߿Ӱɣˮס˫߽ǿĺɫɼľ
ռشҲһĶ룬СͥԺڰǷشѾѵˣԺлиСأиСˮ㣬ոµģʲôҲûУŪҾߡ齡Ϳԣװκõģֱסˡ
𣿡˫ˮԼ֣ˮú̲סʵ
⣬⣡һֱȥҲǲģ
ˮźۼһ仰˫ɻĿˮʲôһֱȥҲǲġ
ץһֱȥҲģˮ˵ս˫֡
˫ˮ仰类ͱһһ㣬ˮȴȴ͵е˵еİһ㿴͸ܶǻÿ
һҹˮо٣һˮоԽԽ˳Ȼƽȴ̤ʵ
ѵý緹ڰǵ˶ˣҲϻ˰ǣǰׯͷ̸ڰǳɻ顣
һٷֵĳ꣬ˮסԡ໢౴С֣
ˮ磬ǲʲôҪ౴ЦǺǵʵ
ϾֻҪû߲Ǻæ˶æӵĻˣĻ£һҪ¡ء
ѾˣԿףǽȥҾߣˮЦŰǮԿ׵ݸ౴Ȼѷӵַ˵һ¡
зˣŶ౴ĵĽӹ
౴Ӹ磬δɩɩϲʲôҾ򣡡ˮ౴Ǵϴ֣Ȩȥںˡ
ˮȥдˣ˭


124 ̨һ
˭
ˮ߱룬⹫½ңʶˣˣϲ𣬰ԽӦԽá
ǰˮûʲôãΨһ氮þ鷨ȻͲȴдһֺּ֣Ų͵ĲԾû뵽Ҫˡ
ȥףϤõ˿ô죬òԼˮҪߵԼˣֻûͷȥ
ߵʣĸ׺ĸڣˮͰ˵һ£
ŶǸǸ˭˭ģºǺЦ
ˮеƣҲãˮ׼뿪ʱºסˮеɻĿˮ
ˮ֪ǵһЩ𣿱ɻҲгɻĹأе㲻Ǻֹ۵˵
أɻ黹ҪأˮĿĸס
ڰǳɻиϰߣǴ̨ڳɻзҪһ̨ǰκսзҲκޣз˶ȥ˻ɥʧġе㵣ǵĿˮ
ףֹأˮоܾ棬ɻϲ飬ƫƫҪȥģǳ
ǰҲֻȥΡͷˣ˻ᰵең޾һ©ֻļɻã˭Բμӣǹأ˵㵽ΪֹʧҲ˫Թޱȣ
ˮҲüЦЦõģӣ
Ȼ⹫鿿Լ˵ԼһҪãͻ죬ȻǻأˮȻ׼д
һֶǰϲһصԵׯأԹϵٺҲҪԽǵλߵõԽ
ţԼ治ʶˣүӺݺӣ˫ã˾ͽҡʦҡҡݼҵ˾ɾ˾ǰɣˮű˼š
Ǹ̵ĻҲһˮԼ¯ŮһŮӡ
һŰɣô˵ҲԼйˣ˵ŮӺ滹еأ֪ӡԺ
ӳһݻĸۡ
ѵ׵ȥΪӳǵĳȴԼĺӶˣɱӵֻңأ㲻оΪ˸𣡡һ̴ٸڹϴſ޺š
п˵ŷˣǱ֪ˡ
̷ɲʡ͵ĵƣӳ̷ңԶӳ絽˷ָĸ׵ĳ谮ŹҺ̷Ŀɽңڡ޷ʮ꣬ĻɱĶѾǰˣϧȴССİԵˣԶԵˡ
磬ʧȥұܣɶԷ콣ڵˣ˵Ƕɱ˼ұɱģСӣҺ̷ҾҪ콣ڵŭ𡣡һʱ˫Ѿе㻨ס
콣ڣߣΪ콣ڻΪһص˸̷Ҵ󶯸λ𣿡̷Ŀ⿴Ź
СܶƯˣǳ谮Ϊ˲òҴϻޱȣ෢鶼ᱻеϵ͸
ǱѾϢ³ҳɻ飬һҪСݶƣҪҪۿŮȥջˮ
ˮ磬硢Сֺ˾ͽˣˮæͿ౴ܽŵ˵š
ˣ˭˭ˣˮоûʲô£˶˾ͽȻӮȴҲ̫Ŀû´Ҳġ
֪Ǳ׵ġ౴ˮŲæӾȻҲƽ֡
ôˣˮʵ
ˣɩҲڰǣһȥģɩӺƯģˮ磬һƯɡ౴Ц˵
ɩˣһͦϤġˮЦ˵СѾͷĻֱӹˣһشͻûûˣҪȢŮ˵ӣƯĻ𱬣ӸҪˬˣʱһӸʲôܡ
ˣǴôˣûµģ⼸ӻпЩӣɽʯһȥɣӸءˮԼдļӵݸ౴
Ӹ磬ںɩһأʲôҲֻȢɩӹء౴ǺЦ˵뿪ˡ
ˮ֪黹ҪȽϺãȻԼʵݸʰɡ
ȻæˮųʱرҩΪҩҲҪˣ⻹ˮмͣһʱ䣬ˮȰѼҩŪȻͿȥѼҩˡ
еĵϲϺҩŵҩݶҪչѼԺ뷨ӻֲɾʡ鷳
ʱܿ죬֪ӵĴʣˣ


125 ̨
·һѾúãڰͬҲУˮڵһҩСʲôΪģأǲ֪νֵСҩгҲͱһĵһЩ
ޡ཭Ӷǣô˵Ҳһ׮£ԭǲģˣϾҲͲŵĹ
⹫Ҳ̫ˣһ仰ͰѲ¸ȥˣҪôҲĽ˾ǰɡˮ޺΢Ц˵š
཭ҲЦſˮЦˮоܿģоһҲֵã
ͷҵ۹⻹ǿԵģҽĳɾľˣˮȻɺûκ𡣡ˮͷȺ͵˵
⹫ʲôʱҶˣˮЦ˵Цݺ崿˿
ҪǺԹϴ˻ȥʱȥһЩһƽʱԵĲĴûζˡ޴ӿˮϵЦûжϹ
Ǻǣ⹫Զж٣ڸбȺ㻹óԵڹ꣬ǱߵĳأһŪһúϳһ١ˮһ·˵˵ЦЦȻ߽
Уˣ˶ֻǿʵͲ˵ˣûУȻˮǸ⡣
ӺˮԼȥȢף཭ຣڼҽдˣӸտ̨ţˮҲȥɡüͷ˵
ַԸ飬һЩϰ׵飬Ҫˮڲ֪Ȣһԭô鷳
鳵ʲôȥѡ˵ȥˣ˰ү͵ſڡ
ͨҪװݻܵĻ
»ľҩУϾĵط㹻տ̨ͽҩ;粻̫Զϰߡ
·ȷ£Ȣ׵·ǸȦظˣ˻Բһֱǰ
ڣˮӡɽȫˣһȾơϲ£֣
Ӹ磬ĲɽЦʵ
ģԺůˡӿӼϺٺٵЦ̲סЦ
찡ҸŮɣҲ顣ɽŵĽе
ɽĽһЦ
ˮɽЦǺǵ˵ʵ㲻ҪŮͻֲᷢѾŮȡˡ
Ϊ˭㰡ŮȡᣬѾһӵŮˣӦðػУϽݲؽǵ͵ıӲ֪Ӽɽί˵
ȿȣˮ⣬ֻȿһЦ
ˮ磬ɽ˵Ů֣͸¶ŮؼݵŮһ˭ϱ꣬쵱ڣӾ
ԵĻˮԣСҲ̫ˣθڻô̲סʵԣΪʲôҪŮˣһ߸ء
Ůھڶ࣡ˮ磬һһŮѾ㹻
ȻˣΪʲôҪˮɻʵҲˣϾ˵ǰì̫
ұҲһ룬¼ƷŮ˺ĵԽǿŮ۹Խߣ͸ɴȡʤˣ˻ˣȡ˸֮Ժ˵
ˮҲ׵ˣû뵽ĺͷԵԾȻҲЦһ棬ձøӻԾ
֪ȵˮȥɾʱˣҲȵĲˣȻͬһ˭˭ˡ
˶׼ãޡڡ̻Ҳ׼ãһЩּʲôѸ߸߹
ӴӻˮȼһЩæģʮװݻһһŷвȥ
·ǺԶԲʱ͵ˣȻӽﱧ浹ҲֵͦģȻǻȥҩУ·ΪһȦҪԶһ㣬ϵʱҲˡ
½½˲٣αڻҪģҵĵλϴӳǹҵȥҵλҲǱ
޺཭Ǻͷ˾ƣˮٴοǸŮˣȻû˿仯˿͵ȴ޵ķ飬ǵ¹󸾶ȥ
վ¶һֳϢǳףǴݲƣ鵽պõֺɬȫϢ͸ĸоʵŮˣԸеŮˣŮˡ
ˮĵһЦǵˮޱȣаٴĽǸϿԱڵˣǵŮȴĵŮˡ
ˮЦЦŷأ̺ã
ӺݵЦһ£ˮ㳤ˣˣ
ˮһ룺ңʾңҪ˵۽Ƕǫ̂һֱվ̨ϵ໢ӭ˽һ޵ˣ


126 ̨
һȥǷҵһ̨꣬ÿζŮҿʼȥ򼸳зңʾзʵŮ޹ȥŮһ̨Ӷѡ
ȥ꣬ǷһӵܣԺܿͺܿ챻໢ˣȻֻǵ㵽ΪֹҲںϡ
ϯ̨ܽｻڼҲῴ̨ϵıȶȻһЩкҲԽԽԾ
ô˿űȶͲ̫ˣҪ㾫ҲʹϾˡ
ֻ˾ˣô棬ԼʵȶԷǿ²ɫǺѵģ໢ˡ
౴ҪϵĵֹˣзǲŲ̊ģԵзû˵ġ
ԺٺٵЦȥĽǸ໢ľ̨̨ʱһ㡣
ˮˮȥ޹ûݺӣϾˮûйȥء
ǸŮӲڰҲûг֣˫һܺңȻ˺ܶһԽûҫ۵һ㡣
ˮĿһʱͻῴʦҵϯϤٻӰûг֣ʦҵˣˮеʧ䡣
ݺݼϣˮȥˣ
׿ʦװˮ޹һȥ;һϯˮֻ΢Ц߹ʶֻ΢Цӭ
رǰЩǸһİĿ޼ɵɨ޹˫ǵĳ˵˼仰ȺӵܾջǷĿ⡣
ϰҲûǡˮߵ˫˼˵
һЩĿ⻹ǲģҺ˫ǵһγϯĳϣ㿴ǺҸ޹˵ָָмϵӺͷЦ
ʵЩĿŮ֤ЩĿⲻϣǷҪˣˮЦǺ˵
ҲôǺǣô˵һҪллĿ֤ǻǺƯģ޹Ц˵
ǵûҪ͵һ·߹һֻĿ㣬ҲеɣοԼˮһ˵
²㵹٣Ǻõģһȥæİɣùˡ޹ЦĶƱ޵Цݣѩ׵ıݣķΧ˿̿ˮ
ˮһǰӶ۵ĿүһһҲ⹫ʦүӡ˾ͽ컹һͷ
ȷȻȺͷӺͶȥƯǡݶеôĵ˵
Уүˣպ·ǣⲿϽˡˮʹĺֱͷ˼ȥ
̨ǣѲˣȴǰһȥսҵȥǴӵܡ
м˾ͽһ˧ȥ׵ĽԴܣԱܺӿûʲô˺̨̤Σ˶Ը˧ĻǲУ佫߼ĶУˮʵ˭ֻ֪нһֺҽи֧֣籣һأõӸɴֱϳ
̨ܶˣûע⵽ʱ̨һͨˣ³඼Ťͷ벻ʲôˣ˫۾ǳһ㣬Ķ̨ϱȶ˫
ϳͱˣһЩӵܴһЩЩҲ͡ԾȻڶڸ֣ȴߵġ
ӽ˾ͽһСĺӻܺһֱϯϵ˾ͽԾȻվ̨
˾ͽԶʱΪӱˣû뵽⵵ӿл磬Ҫл̨˾ͽԵĶ
Լж˾ͽңԼǺ۷壬ʤҲ֮һҾ͸ܺ˾ͽұˡ
˼һõĻᣬ̨̤Ϊ˾ͽ̨̤ʾͲһ
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磬˾ͽ浱ۻ軨޵ʲô֪ܷŭ
˾ͽȻЦǺǵĿޣͬһʦүӺݼүӣرݶƶ˾ͽ졣
ҪּⳡˣݶƵĻᣬѾ͸ܲ˵ɫ̻
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Ұڵ˶ܷŭΧǴ˽˶
˾ͽһ˾ͽԾ޲ߡһ˵
ϾǴׯģСطУɵǾͲԶˣ˾ͽҿǰǵĴ尡
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Ůˣ˰ɣǮҪ֪Ǵ̾һ̾ˡ
˭˭˵ģôƯŮôˣ
ۣ

ֻܳίһܲףڷ˺ͼҲίʱ򣬱Ͼˡ
ȻЦûκα仯ΧۣʱҲȥӿʼûвӺһֱǴݵ˾
ˮüʱȥסˣϾ˾ͽȥˣܲڹȥһٰɡ
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ˮ·Ⱥᣬÿһ붼һһ˺ȴٶȺܿ·һһ㡣
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ӿһֱûвˣȴǲм׼úӽŲһӳȥѸ磡
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ˮĸܵϵѪɱɱƣˮüôˣ֮ͽɱ֣
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127 Ѥĺɱ
ˮĻǸͨòӾȵˮ峺ȴĺڰ׷оԼе
ͷоܺЦŻԼ꣬¶̵Цݡ
Ϊ֪ŶԼεĿֻ꣬ҪɱһžͲԾ¶һѩݣƽ϶һɭȻζ
ˮҪ嶯޽ס߳ˮһ˲ĹޱòɣԼĶӲ㱻˴ȴް취
ˮʵа𣿡ݶƷüˮ֪ˮܹŹ֣֪ʲôʵϴɱ١
ݶƵĻΧڶǾޱȣݶڣƶΪǷӰɡ
ʲôҲ˵ֻǽסˮֳ֣˴˲бʹԲڻ£ɶȥͽ
ףңҲԼЦɱûġˮ΢Ц˵˵꿴ݶƵͷҲǱ̬
̨йأҹƼ۵ѳȥɽֱҪȥɱ˶Էϧຣקסױ˴ĵزΪȻʹޱȡ
¸ӵĿˮˣԶԽԽ͸оӵӰø࣬Ҳİֻ࣬ǷѪĸ֮ûб䡣
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ϯг޹öԲ˼Ŀ⿴ǰȥˮ޷ˮҪȥʲôȻ֪ˮҪȥޣȴǸоš
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ˮ֪ԼһỹҪȥȴһɣһҽ
ˮ磬ߣ౴ˮ֣Ľš
ˮЦ౴Ա
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128 
ǰȥɽҩʱ򣬰·ͻƵġˮյһĻԼڶǽΪʲôûɱԼǰʯϵһǽ޻Ƶģѵʯйء
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ˮһ콫ʣµĵšȸβȸβޡƱȻƣ
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ˮһϵˮͻǰҲˣԱûУô˵һ첻ԼĶ֡
ӵѾæˣԼҲÿҽˣԼǿҽɵĺ䶯ҽݺܺÿˮʲô֣ˮԼҪǿԼǷҽ
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㲻Ҳ·𣬲Ȼôζײ㡣ˮǾµСԼͻСβǹԼײİɡ
ֻ뿴иûû뵽һûģԹĿˮ
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ûΪʲôⲻ𣡡Сһۺ죬Сĵİˮһۡ
ˮһ뵽һЩµܶԼкøУв֪Ǹø˻ǵǡ
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ȵĵŴۣһŭÿˮ֣˵㺰Ѿͷұ㻹Үװ죬б˦ң


129 ҽݣһ
ˮЦſץԼ첲ˣ޿κΣǲǰˣˮŽûһ覴õСϡ
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130 ҽݣ
ףôڣˮʦĽʨڸԼое֣
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ˮôҲû뵽ʦĽʨһÿķʽǲ֪Լʦװ顣
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۵ǲۣտʼǺϰߣصҩУȻһǣˮ֪ǹԼһ쵱Ȥ飬һӵҲڣ
صԼ䣬ˮջҲǵһ˺һЩ缲ıȽ϶࣬Ͼ棬ҽݵѸٴȥ
һڶˮȵҩܹ飬˵ǲܵġ
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ʱ½½ˣСëˮˢˢֱдҩӸǣǮҲգ˼Ҿ͵Եˡ
ˮ߸տҩʱһŮ˽Ľȷе˵һŮ˱һСŮҵĽ
ҽʦ쿴Ůôˣȴ֮գ
ˮ̲סŮ˱ŵĺӣҴСһСѾͷ˫۽գ٣µС԰ޱȡ
ˮŮӣһ𣬺һĸϵٸٸͶʮ´װȴβסĹԣʩһճׯϣһ˫ΪŴʱ飬Բ󣬼絶ǳأ޳Ĳʥĸ߹
ˮһͨٸȴĸԵϺʥʣо֮Ҳ˼ˡ
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ˮһȻȻŮ֪ĺʲôȻҲʣ
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ˣǶ˵ŮӮûжʱˣѾΪˡٸ̾Ҳֻ֪ΪŮȡһ£
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Σ̫Сÿֻ΢ƣһκܳʱ䣬ԺҪÿ춼һΡ
ˮ˵ϹСѾͷľѪܣ״̬ϧ̫Сֻһ˿˿
ģΣ˵ġŮӾϲ˵ţ̫ϲԾסˮֽĿˮٵʵ
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ٸʶԼץˮ֣ϽɿһһƬ̺죬ʥеġ
ˮͱСѾͷһֻǸСѾͷıһ㣬žµСú˫ųëյĴ۾Ҳſ
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ˣˣԺÿһΣͿκãˮСŮŮˡ
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ҵıŮѰҽݣϣ漣֣ҽݶûпţãشĲΪûÿš
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ҪȥҩаɣʱͰһЩ򵥵飬סи䣬ҲСѾͷƷ㣬뿪뿪һһʰҷѣҲУ㿴ô
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һЩǿǮõģˮоǮõľǲֵǮģ붼оĵԼûǮ͸оǮõĶǺõġ
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һˮȥʱ䳤СѾͷеĴԼӶ࣬ˮоôˣô̫ˡ
һȥҽݵҲǴԽԽԶһЩǵרǰҽ
ҽݵҽʦһм˼еˮѡ
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ţǣвˮȻҽȴΪǮԲǳҽˮǺɫġ
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ˮ޶ԵҡҡͷĿ˵ûһøУ˸ɺޡ
˳ȥҲֺûжһһССҽҽʦȻҰ˴ļӡ
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ˮͷҲ̧һֱӴ϶ԷĻĿɿڴĿˮŭˡ
Сӣ֪˭𣿡ҧ񶾵Ŀˮ
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132 ȣ
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ˮ˫ˮԼԸҲǱĬбȻпʶѣߵﶼʶϲм飬ϲİطϤ˵ĸо
ðɣҲ뿴ǽ𻷾ʲôģʱڰⶾֿԺٺ٣ʲôʱˮ뾭ִ̼һԺԶһЩȻǺġ
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վ˫ȴ͵Ц˳ŤͷƵ꣡
꿴˫ɵľһ˲ǴͣЦ绨ľǱˡ
ٿҵŮˣСҰӳȥƮƮһ仰С

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˫һĵİˮһۣһζˮֱ˫û˵ʲôϵĻΪоûбҪ
ҽʦҡ
ˣβºǧϵҩݣǧ˲κǧѩסˣȻҪңֻһλᣬоĲֻܰκãʲôҲҪ˵ذɡˮ΢Ц˵
йâǹľ˸뿪ˡ
֪ʲô˫ˮôǸƭһ㡣
ǺǣݽߣҲǶʹã޷Ůӽй뷿֣֮ˮζЦ
ԽԽˣԺ˵Щ绰˫һӺݵϦһ㣬֪뵽ʲôǱǾ뷿ֶ֮á
Ҫôҩõó𣿡˫ֺˮһ˼ҶúӵСÿζ档
ǺǣȻǸŮˣȴӦúܲͣļʵҲӦں۷壬ȻܸоԷ׼ȷʵԿ϶졣ˮͨȻʵȴǿԿǲϡ
Ŷǰ𻷹ȣ˫˵ЦЦ뿪ˡ
ˮһӣһһͭģˮҪǮЩҪˮֻһͭ壬͵ΪԼ¡
áҽûжֻǰڰӵĽҩҲֻǰôһ㣬ı͵ԣûйƷ
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Ϧ޺ֻǽƻ裡
߽ҩУˮȻҽݿɲûиоƣ߽ҩк󿴵ĸ׾ȻױСѾͷˣ
ˮСѾͷĺŵȴǺЦĿˮԼӵԼ汻εر˼

ҲˮȻȻϢ߽ʱһֱˮϹСѾͷԵʣ֮һرϵ˵Ѫĸоһ㣡
ҲΪСѾͷԼһģѾͷԼռ˺Ҫλá
ˮЦǺǵһѱסѣҪȥһˣưºͻ
ŶԼСĵ㣬չ˺ԼóԵģһĵĳԶٷ˵˵
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СľɫŮƯźĸҸЦݵŮ˸Ư
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ôϴɾ𡣡¸¥ûˮȥСѾͷıӣȴСѾͷЦš
ԼǲҲи¸¥ӺĿɰĺӣԼҸɡˮСѾͷ¸¥Ա߿ĵЦŶţЦˮܰ
ôأֻˣˮֵģñ˿˵Ҳ֪ϧŰءˮСѾͷ˵
ǺǣŮѾǵϧˣм㣬СѾͷȾһģԽĺãⱲӶꡣ¸¥ЦȴҸ˵
˵ҺСѾͷԵܵʲôʱСѾͷҵˡ绪ïô룬úöԼúöСѾͷĲҪô࣬ʲôҪңȻһģ
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ڶ죬˫У¸¥ˮ˼ңȻҽģϲԼŮ뵽Ů͸оܺЦȴһҸĸоֻΪŮһ˿΢Ц
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ˮ˫ǰģˮ䵱Ҫ˫ָ·Գǰģһһʱ䡣
ߵʱǸСѾͷˮŵôˮߣһ˫ǰһСѾͷ
һˮСѾͷ޴ӾЦ߼·˫ѾЦˣֵĽЦȻеȴȻŸ߹󣬲ò̾ŮʲôʲôӶƯġ
Ц̫Цˣ㵱ʱӾ͸оرЦ
ˮֳĬһ˫ЦȻˮƲﻹǺܿĵģŮıǼĵ顣
ŮһôЦе㲻ˮŤͷݺݵ˫ǰͦεش˼˵
˫ˮһʲôѾ˼ҺŮ˲ҪˣúöǣôɰĺҶĽ㰡
ˮЦˣ˵һ˫ֱӽ
ĽϲҲһӦһɰƯɣҿͦϲӵģ
˫
һӳĬˣˮģѵԼ仰ǵĴˡƽʱһЩСЦһ㲻ôġ
ʱȥˮ˫ûԷػиǲζ֪˫ˣһɽ
˫ǰߵ·ôߣʮ·ˡˮò׸ϵһʮ·ڣҪ˵˰ɡ
ƿˮָһ·ûкϣֻܵ䣬˫΢졣
˫ԲԺҲں˵ЩˣˮĵǸ
˫ӵĿˮһۣҸ˵˵һЩȥɣôûи˵ء
ðˮһ۵˫ͳĬļԦ
Һͽһͨļͥȷе˵ǺһͥһĿڹĻҸҴ˰꣬ʱ⣬һԭƶȴҸļͥһһ㣬ĸһ˴Һͽ꣬Ǻܿ꣬ĸ۵ˣʮĽűоУ϶û¶ٵţֱҵʦ
ˮįĻбˣ̾ԼҸԼͯʱиĸףء
ղĻ̲סԼĹȥҾüȻ˺ӾҪ𣬾ҪˣҽкӣһΪ½Ҹˡ˫߽˵
ԭԼղ˵Ļ̫ˣˮɬ
˫ѹȥˣԺúõģҲòҲȥҩУʵҳôûмǸҽˡ
ˮĻ˫̲ס̧ͷˮ
ˮĽԼ֪İҵ鶼˵
Ĵǰֻع˫ۺᣬرˮһڲͱߵ˫λ䡣
Ҳ˭۸ĸ׵ǶҪÿһͼһʮͼʮˮƽ˵ĿᶨĿԶ
ĸôһһܿģϣܺĸһĽ취˫Ѿɨȥղŵįϵ˵
˫ǲҲΪԭһֱڶûгɻ顣ˮ뵽޹ڶǵ
˫̾˵ڻûҵϲˣ˵һԸµһӣҲһϲˡ
˫أôˣûϲˣ˵˵øѰѹΣ
ã˫ûˮСԳƸֱһڻؾ
ұģһиҿϵӱ룬һصġ˫κһ˵Ҳ뵽ϵˮ龰˰ɡ
ٺ٣ô˽ң֪˭в֮һҩ֢״
˫һ㶣뵽ˮ˵ʲôݽߣܺŮӡ
˫ɣһ·ˮͻȻʵ
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ȻǻӦÿʱ䲻һȥ콣ڰɣˮ콣ƽ̨չԼ
ţҵ콣ڵĵӣðɣϣӹ󣡡˫ˮЦ
ЦݼȴǷ绪ޱȣ
󣬽𻷹ѾңңˣˮԶ޴۵ϿȣдеֲľһЩԼӲݵǡ
ֱ۴ֵٱȱȽǣˮֻ֪ǰЩ΢ľÿζ̾ޱȡ
𻷹ȱԹڽߵݴ½ط޻Ұ޵ǰһʱ·Ұɽ
˫ѩ˵ķѧһײˮ뵽֮ľ֮¹
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ˮ˫еҪ㣬еѨĺΪ˫ˮһһ˫ϵѨһһ㵽ȻеЧԵġ
˫һģԳˣȻôٵ졣
ۣҮٶ٣֮ĵ࣡˫ĵĶʩչ¹ŵԾޱȡ
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ģ˫Ц³һֻǰȡ
ˮζַǲģҲԼģȻĵϻһĲ࣬ǻζޱȵġ
Ұ򱻿˵Ľɫ֣ȴɿڵζ˫ȻСڳԵĺŲԵĺܿ졣
һҪ
ˮŤͷˣΪǰһɫЦ˵ľŮ˸˵һҪĴЧ
ϽٵݸһҰ⣡
㿾ĺóԶˣ˫һۣˮж˰춼û˵ãóԱ˵˸ۡ
ɽ񣬻ĽҰйŮദһˮǺ뷢ʲôˮҲֻˡ
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ţҹһ˾붢ţ˫ǵһΣһǵǺοˮʳָ󶯡
˫ĺ뱧㣡ˮЦֵãһ˲ָѡ
˫̧潿ߵףĿˮıסˮĲӣˮ
뻳ԵĴˮһհףܵס˫ϸ
иļϸ壬һŵĵζƱǶˣˮ˫ֲԾĽ˽


135 նɱޣ
ģģͱһ˫ˮ̧ŷ绪˵
ģܱ㣬˵׼ұ㣬ѾоҲˣѾͷÿ춼ұòãˮ΢Цŵͷ˫˵š
죿쿴䣬Ϊ찲ȫֻһˡ˫ͷ˵ӡ
ˮкܿģ˫ַ糾Ůӣ׻ӵ˭ģȻԼ˵вԼԼҲһøУϴΪⶾɵӰأԶԼˡ
û˫ʵ
ûУԶһֱ㡣ˮ˫˵ͳǿװɣǰûкúǸŮȥһΡ
˫ȴ뵽СϴǣԼҲ㣬Ҳˣеһһ㲻֪ʲôоˮһرĴڣߣȴˡ
˫΢ͷǰԼÿСˣ֪ʲôʱʼ˫峺ÿԽԽǡ
Ѿͷÿ𣡡ˮһֱͦǣ
СѾͷ˫ȥŤˮıȴˮסָ˱һ¡
˫һջġĿˮһۡ
ٺ٣ŮӶѾͷѾͷʲôˮŽߵ˫Ц
ǲ˵ȴ͵Цˡ
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һҹˮоܿģֻҪÿ춼ڽˮͺܿģϹǿѾͻʮ죬һοʮ첻ͻƾʮ컹ңԶ
ϣˮ׼ʱϰ̫ȭɣÿһĸоԲһˮⷽĵãȻ̽㽣᲻䷳һϰ
⾳ϰ˲˳֣ܴᵽĶˮо磬Ǵеᣬˮİ徳硣
صĴ̫ȭĥһĳȴһ˿˿飬񲻷Ŵɽһĸоܹ죡
˫һ˫ĿԶˮĶио֣ˮ񶮺ܶණҺһܿģȻƽʱ˵һЩĻ
ԼҲȵã뵽Լʱ龰лСӻԼº󻹺̹ϵĸԼڣһλô
˫Ͽж˲ʮ·ˣССĽ٣ֻȻûиܵ޵ڡ
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ˮ֪òԾ׵İ׸ߵСǽѹҪժĹҪͨһһء
ˮ˫˫Ͼô˵ҲǺһｻֶӹһ
һȫ֣ȫֻ˫۾Ψһ㣬ܿ綾βޱһҲܲסһ顣˫˵Żܿеܾ
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ˮսŶʯźХȻ֮һЩ޴ʯͷײķ顣
ˮԴϴα޲Ͼһֱ׼һЩ򵥵ġŵĴСʵʯͷ
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Ǿ޴ˮûһ㣬ֻʣһͷֱֻ¶棬⻹ˮĽ
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ˮĽ𻷾ӽɿºҲˣ



136 ڵ
ˮһѪĴ߳ԶվŵѾ滨۵˫
˫еĽѹͽѹˮζѪıסĳҭ
ûˣޣԣˮ˫ĺ󱳰ο˫ڵӣˮоʲôֵãоҸ
ҪһΪѹû𻷾භ֪ȻһϿȣԲ𣡡˫ıסˮĲӲ֡
ˣ˫ʲôҲǺúõ࣬·մˡˮ΢Цů˵
һ˫ɿˮɫϹӨΣˮĶеۣһһԺͷ콫˫ϵǸɡ
е̵ģ촽˫ľʱϸĴˮһ
˫Σеңе㲻֪룬һųʱСŮһޱȣܿɰӡ
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ˮſ˫е֪ԼǵһˣڲûȫϲԼȻô
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ڵһ㶼ɫСȣһڵԽʵԽǿˮ𻷾ڵŪ־ȻͷСӨ͸ġ
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ٽŰƤӽʴһ㣬ˣ
𿴽𻷾Ƥ羫ȴ֮ҪǲҺᣬҲˮöһԵʡ
ϴɾˮƤһԷŽɾģˮ˭Ҳ˭˵ģǲűˣǻෳ¡

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ҿǧβųɹһΣô϶ûˡˮϴξ˵ҪĲһǼֵĲϣ𵤽ʵ翿ԼͻƣΪҲֻǻͻƵʾ硣
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ˮй˵ǸܣĺôǿԺκι䣬ʹ֮Գӡ
ôСҪ㸶꣬ǸҪϰֻҪСɾͿɵٶȡˮԦųٵţ˵š
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ףѾͷļⶼˡˮŤͷȥ˫Դȴ㷢û࣬εЦЦ
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ǲΪŪ𵤣ˮ뵽ղ˫ղŶ𵤵ϣ𵤶ѾûãԲΪ㡣
ǰ׵ˣڸĸڵʱСǼ꣬ûҪƲңѾ죬ϣܺһܳʱ䣡
ңϣˮ˵
ţ㣡ЦſˮЦºƽ
ڵҾˣԺҩã㲻ɣ
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137 ܰļҵĸо

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ˮ˫Ѿ뿪Ƿ̻ͦԲΣֵԾˮֶһ㡣
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ͻȻˮסҲָ峺ſ̻¶ͦѩص¸¥ῴԼ
һִֻʱһֻԲͦأо֬Ǿ˵ĵ飬һֻֻ¸¥Ĺɹǻš
ʶԼղŵʧˮæѸٵñӽ¸¥ססķ羰
Բޣˮںʹϧ˵
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ˮΪʲôôáôáΪʲôҪôã¸¥ͷˮ˵

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ˮΪĶƽĳԼķ̫Ȼܵһĸдġ顢⣡
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ˮ̹׸ǶһЩͣ
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ݽߣ޷Ůзˮɲ˼˵
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ˮĻ˸ǿҵĹâһϣĹâˮЦЦˮ֪ҲԼκĿ԰ɡ
ˮɫŮĳ忴ˣ˵ûȤɨ߶ȵҲԣȴǲܡ̧ͷȻҲͳ˰衣
ˮֱһѨѸٵֱ롢ѨѨѨ־ѨѨβѨ
ЩѨǳģж˺޴󣬲ϹͻĹЧ±̱ͣԪ
ݽߣֻһݽߣݽ߻˵ģϹǿ޸澭͵
꿪ʼоۣ۵ܣȴҧһԣ顢ζ۸ܣȣˮϴһ㣡
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139 ɾ
뿪ˣҸˮ཭ҵɣˮ཭һҪңˮֻҪ཭ʲôܰæ
˿֮󣬲ˮĿ꣬ǽݴ½ÿһõطϣԼ㼣
཭ҿǸ˲õĴ壬Ѷ·ˮܿģϴǽﾭγǿĸ֣һ
ʱǸмˮжˣֱ֪һˣ
ˮɺصҽݽŷϣ򿪽аǧҩģСڿˣ
ˮͼҪ׼ΪһֱҲǧҩݵԵʣˮûѰϣȻܺܿҵҲҪʱ䡣
ˮнɾ׼зŽɾˮһȥʹˣ
ˣɾˮ˲ٵɾˮ³ͿʮףڲһٰʮףСཫʮĶء
ˮȻޱȣողŵõǧҩģɾֲǶϲ³˫ʵ̫̼ˡ
мˮֱԭĶʮӵʮףҲжʮףȺĺڹ򻶿εʱ׷
ֿӲٺڹˣףôֻڹꣿˮĵĿٵˮأͻȻһֻгͷ­СĽɫڹеεţر䡣
ˮߣڹ껹Ǻ㶼óһСˮ棬ڹģ
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ɾ㿪Զһһ죬һʮţÿſӶ࿹ٽķţãҩ
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ʣ°˿֮ˮо̫٣Լã˵ҩˡ
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ˮ֪ʵĽڰˮҲرѾٳǣǿڣֻһЩвŻš
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ô֪·ΪҪײҡɰš
ˮЦſԼϽ֣ÿϽּƷСϣλûײ
˵СôǸңˮЦЦ˵
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ÿγΪʲô㣿ˮÿ·߹
ιιôÿζҪңô𣿡ǻһ㡣
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ˣαˣҸһ㣡ˮԡ
㵽Ҫôñ˿۸һˮε߻˵
۸ң
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ΪʲôÿοҾҪӣô𡣡һ˫ĿԹ˵
ⲻҪ˵ǺҲǺɡˮſ޿е㲻ˬϲֿ޿СŮ
ѣΪʲôҪң˼Ҳ׷ҸȨôͽ˼ų⡣ɵ͵͵˵
ˣֻ㾡ģҪѲҪʱ˷ҵϡˮ̾˵
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ȻҲ㣬ѾϲˣҪҲϲġ
ʹʹˮΪԺ󲻻ʹ࣬ɴûôʱֱӶϵ뷨ԼѾˡ
ϲϣңˮ֪ʧǵˮתȥ
ǽӰˮٴιգվڴԵô


140 ׯʥࡢչ
ˮͷҲصˣҲһαûһαǰθʹ࣬оɬޱȡ
صһû磬¸¥СѾͷ棬ˮһ˵κ졣
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ԣԣСѾͷȴ۵СҪȥᣡ
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141 
ˮݺʱڷһЩ˲Ӧڿ»߽ջɣ
Ųݺ̧ͷˮ˫۳Ц˵ˣ˿ϲúΡ
ţݽ㿴æҪҸ㣡ˮȻ˵ŸŲȴݺ
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ݺ¥ϰ壬æģݺ¥ԶݽҲ˫ˡˮӹݺӵĲ豭Ц
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ˮһԼǰ콣ںڹ޷ӦȻڼݺ¥˲٣һû˺ڹԴֱӻţⲻǺݺ
ˮݺЦˮǰҡҡˮһָʲôˣһͺá
ǺãȻʱźŲҾͲˣ
㣬źŲߡݺӷĵ˵
ݺӲʵǲҪ뿪ǲҪܳʱ䣿
ҿҪ뿪𷢳ˣʱ˵ûбİ취ɽǰ·𣡡ˮ̧ͷݺ𽥱òȻį
Ҫ뿪ܳʱ𣿡ݺҲԼûзͲᡣ
޾㣬֮һЩӵ㺣һοʱľޣǷԸеˣׯɫеһƺԼСһԼ֮һЩ龰
ҲһһΣҲ꣡ˮԼȥ콣ڣңԶĲ˿ǣˮǽҶǨƵ˿ôû
Ŷ׷ˣѾſ򣬺ܿͻһɳ죬ֻǲ֪ǲǻǵô㡣ݺ΢Ц˵
ȻЦЦǣǿˮݺӵĻˮЦǺǵݺӵԴСôʲôѵһӣ㲻𣬲ȥǸؿ㲻˵̤ݴ½𣬻Ҵ𣿡
ݺĿˮ֮価ϣɫܿȴһ˿Ƿϴ棬ݴ½û˲죬̫ңԶˣɼ
ˮǺЦţŬô֪ݽ㣬ֻҪŬҾа취պﵽ졣
ˮţպʹа취ʵŪ𵤣Ƿ𵤵ҲǺ۷塣
ݺе㾪ȻɵˮֻüӺƵľ񣬡ҲˣҽһУ㲻ۿһŰɣ˵ĻԿ
ݺӿˮǼᶨ񣬻ΪԼһУүүҽκõģзԼȻ˽٣֪Լþ͹ˣ뿪ݺϹĵЦݡ
ͻȻˮ뵽ԼժǰٿŻɾôռǷ㣬Լĵƣ
˿ݺЧΪˮҪʱڹꡣ
óһݸݺ˵һͨʳʱһ㣬ˣǰڹɣһͨڹһʮȫͿˡ
ݺӿźҴСɫӣˮĻĿʣȻܿĳȥһˮ߿ˮСʲô
һ󵭵ζˮУ̲סʹЦݺӣ㣡
ݺӱˮе죬С˵ǹʲôʲôã
ʲôҲ
ݺεĿһˣֻõһÿζϲ
һᣬݺˮʱ䷢飬ˮ뵽ﻹһŽѹȻ͸ݺˡ
֪Чݺû˿ƴǾͽˣˮ̾Ů˶òഺںģ۶Ůˡ
ףôζôǰûô·ǰһ㣡ݺӾȵĿˮ
ˮ۾˳㣬·ζֱ˵һ˵ζ
ܿһŮ̶ˮһǸɰŮˮݺӰţ͵͵ĸˮգգ˫峺Ŀ
һʮȫһǼӹղ˵ζǼӹζ
ˮʮȫҮݺӾĿˮ
ζΣϾͨڹġˮЦϾҲԼ֮еģɾĶǺöϾֻʳζûбĹЧˣһζϵεġ
԰㲻˵Ҷͨڹġǳ˵ݺˮǷС輸
ˮԼֵݺӣа룬ѵΪԼҪ뿪ҪԼ
̫úˣʮȫúȶˣˮ㳢ݺӸȲĺһڼӹڹȻҨһ׵ݵˮ˵
ˮһ㶣ݺӲŷԼոպȹӣҲ̫ˣջȥˮȴǺסһں˸⡣
㣬Һһ㣬ָоƮƮȻ޷ݣҪһĸо



142 ʦף
˺ܿ콫꣬ö룬ֺȵһղܵĸоʵ̫̲࣬ס
ݺ΢΢Сʳԭôܣֲöϲɽ亣ζ
ʥԻʳɫҲɼԷǸܵģˮ촽˵
벻Щݺӽ
ˣûʮȫĹЧݺԥ¿ˮʵϾȻζ˶ǳ⹦Чġ
ʲôЧˮɻʵ
ƦӣҪ˵ſģǿ˺ŮʱĹЧ𡣡ݺӵ֣
ٺ٣ڹ걾ǲǶģȻͨڹûʮȫôЧڹ걾Ǵ󲹣ʤζɿڣ㣬ǸȴǹӦ󣬱Ͼ첹˲࣬Ǹ˻ᷦζġ
ܶһ֪ôݺбռԼͷ˵ļһһۣĿգգ˵
ȿȣпģģˮεű˵
ˮԱݺӿĵĽЦǶׯľɫգץ
̵ģʧܣȻһңˮֹţ
ˮǸӽʲôˡݺ۶Ŀˮ
ˮݺӺЦ˵
Ǹ㻹ûУû¿ԽݺӿôõĶⶫܻܶ࣡
УڲǺܶ࣡ˮһٿŸãһҲֻǿӦϾһʵҲҪһ¶࣬뿪Ҳ治¶٣Ҳǳ֮ơ
ҳԾͿˣˣ뿪Ҿͽݺ¥ţݺЦǺǵ˵
ţΪʲôѵ㲻Ǻںݺ¥𣿡ˮȵ˵ΪԼݺ¥Ǿ̫ˡ
ˣҪҲ뵽죬ʱһȥ㣡ݺǿЦһ˵ˮпһƬ֮ɫ
ˮû˵ʲôʣµ֮ݺӣŸݺӣ߳ݺ¥ˮҵȥ
壬ȥʦңˮŸϳ˫޻Ұ׵˵
õģ
ʱͣһĸ֮ۡˮ³ǮŴڰĸۡ
ռɫݻģʦǰǵˣʦڰ壬˾ͽҲȲ۷û˾ͽҶѡ
ʮҿĺţ濴¥ɫԵøûʣ߸վʮſ׵
ߺˣǳϵʮҵľ׳סˮ˵
ˮһʦʦҵĽУȻʦҿɲǳ𣿾˵ôŵģֲʦԵɡ
봫һ£˵ˮݼʦңˮЦ˵
ˮԵȣ꺺ҲһȻͿٵĽʦң
ˮڲŷ֣ԭԼͦģڰǣ˵ˣ˰ʡġ
ܿ룬Ѿڴ
ˮʦȥһȥˮоզ࣬ɽˮء̨ͤ¥󡢵ӦоУ
ϵһ彣ƵҲһֱǹųӣƻ󲻷ˮолһҪ˿Ƶʲôز
ǰˣ룡
Ļ̧ͷһɲѾſˣ
㣡ˮЦ˵һȻ˴
ʩȴǼĴֻһЩΣ϶һİһӣʱһڿһЩڣ
̧ͷһ˫۾ˮ
ˮʱϳ˾Ӵʱ⹫һʦˣˮʱһ۾ϳ˾ʦүʦ죡
ϡͣˮôҲû뵽ʦ쿴ˮرһ㣬˵
үӣСӽʵġˮʦ˸˵
ҵѾ죬Щ֮ڣʦ켱æ˵
ݴ½˵һһﵽ죬ֻĳܵ𣬱˼ʹ곤ֻҪͳܲסٵģ
ˮЩܿͻΪԼĳ˵ڻǳܵģ
֪ˮʲôҪͷʦЦ˵ֻˮûзеһ˿ϲ
˼׵ģˮ̧ͷʦ˵
ʦһŮѾȫ˶ΪĸŮа˸ҲѾˣʣһѾˣΨһһֹеȴУǲǸˣ
ˮ֪ʦǹĻһ˵ͷթ
ʦװң


143 װ
ˮ˵꿴ŷʦ죬ˮѹˣ䲻񲻿ϧȻĶȢʦװˣ
װѾ˾ͽˣʦɫƽ˵еѹ֣
⻹ף˻鲻Ϳˣˮ΢Ц˵
ˮĻʦе봵ӣֻΪˮĻƮƮһ仰
£ǶϷ˵˾ˣܵиɰɣʦ˵
ɣɾϲװҪȢΪޣɹְɣ
У̫ǣǿҺ˾ͽô˵ҲǼʮĽˣ¶¶ʮˣʦҡҡͷ˵
ҪѾװ췹ˣвУˮеʵ
ʲôСӣģʦǴӵ۵µ
ҪʲôɣֱӸ˾ͽ˵ҪȢװ˭Ҿ˭ˮŬ˵
ˮ֮˵ΪҲʦҲ˾ͽ˻飬ҲɣϾཻĪ棬ݴ½سŵţ
ÿοŮįĵﲻ֪Ů˾ͽܿԭ򣬿Ǽʹ˻Σʦһֱ߲飬ҲΪʲôʦװʮ廹ûԭ
ϲװȷôʦ첻ˮҪɶתʵ
ˮͷϲϲģԼŮֻԼԼϲҲ׺ܶ࣬ԴӺйŮ֮ºˮͶһǣңӦǰɣ
ˮ϶ĵͷ
װϲ𣿡ʦʵ
ҲϲңĿǰô˵ӦòҰɣô˵ҲǰѷˡǿӴһʱ䣬һҵġˮֻ֪ҪүӴӦˣˡ
ⲻ֪ʦѴˣˮڹ
ˣ˵Ҳˣ׵黹ɣװһĻϣһ㣬װôһֱô֣˭Ҳ˭춼˵һ仰ʦ̾˵
ϷģԵҿĺԼ˺ŮһٱǧǺãˮǺǵ˵
ãϲ仰ˣʦЦ
үӣװðɣˮϴʦĽʨ˵ʦװܲģʦүӣ
װϲһ˷˶һȦǰٸ컹ȥϲһ˷˭ҲҲκˣԼҲԺʦ˵žͰ̾
үӣҿɲȥװˮǵ˵
ʦΪѵüͷԥ
ģҾǿĿģˮʦԥϽ̬
ðɣ㣬ϳ
ˮүӿ֪ʦװסںԺˮʦװסˮԺߺʦ¶οЦݣеı㡣
ԺһβСľ룬ˮΧķ羰۵Ļһ̨ͤ¥󣬲Ӧó֣֮ˮԶаԺһЩ򵥵ķˮ֪ʶЩ̨ͤ¥ɽˮλǲ
ɽط磬ˮѵָɽˮ֮ͨǳļأˮά˵ﶼǼɽˮô˵Ҳɽˮ
ԺܿһС԰ϷҶһ¼ƬˣľȻ֦ïʢ
һŻ£޳ٻӰվϷįȴƫƫΧһ㣬ܺгȴܼį
һӰһıӰ¶ıӰˮһϳʦװڿįıӰʱˮеʹǻɱӦҲ˸оɣй֮ײŻʹֻıӰͻᱻʹ
·ŲʦװתӳˮȻޣȻ绪ɣǱľ޼ϻ졣
ˮһ㾪ȣˮ
ˮʵĻԵҪǵ֪ǵһΣҪǸʲôŮӣԼҪĵһΣŰ겻ʱѵϲԼ
ΣȻȴǵҲദЦ
ţӦ֣㻹ðɣˮозֱ࣬ζȷʵܡ
ðɣôˣҵģʦװˮɫһı䣬ˮǿĺһ㣬ϾǼԼġ
ǰҸռүүⲻ˼ͬˣ
ʦװľһ¡
װˣˮ˵š
Ҫ˵ʦװеҵĶ㿪ٵ˵
ˮʦװг˻һ಻ĳɷ֣ѾͷĪǻпԣΪѵ飿



144 ˾ͽиˣ
ҽ׵ģ
ˮҵʦװ˵˵һһֵ˵
ףʲôףʦװָɻʵ
ˮʦװ鲻װ֪飬ˮ˲ü뷨һ뷨ûҪԼһ
Ҹүү˵ҪȢΪޣˮеƵ˵
ң㲻֪Ѿ˾ͽ𣿡ʦװȵĿˮ
ֻ֪ҵŮˣѵ㻹Ҫ޸Ǹ˾ͽˮ̧ͷˣ
ʦװһգգĿˮ̾ⱲӲˣ˭Ҳޣ
Ϊʲô֪ҲϲңҲ֪㲻ϲ˾ͽѵĲںһˮе㼱ٵ˵
ˣҸ˵Ҳϲ˾ͽϵǰɣ͵ʲôҲûзʦװѻָ־ǧĮ
ɱ˾ͽôˮʦװϣеŭǿԼƽ˵
ȻҲ쾳磬㻹ǲҪֵĺãҪ׵İΣյĴʦװ˵
ˮǱˣʦװĻ뵽ܶ࣬ɻĿʦװˮôһ㱻ʦװʹĸоĻôһ¡
ˮ峺˫ۣŶԼ˵ĳɷ֣ʦװôһ˿Ĵ̾˵֪Ĳֻ֪࣬˾ͽλ棬ǺܶǰȥģѾǰЩӻص˾ͽңǸ֣ǽ켸ʮĸ֣˵ʵΪס
Ϊԭ򲻽ңˮ˵ıһƬȣô顣
ˮ⣬ҾѾˣڵʲôʬһ㣬ǰ·ƽ̹㣬αҪͬءʦװü΢Ľë΢΢ʹ
˭˵ͬǰ谭źͬһϰƵ˵ͬ𣡡ˮߵʦװǰĶʦװĿ˵
ˮҪˣźαسһʱºŮӶʱʶҪʲôŮûУڳסһļ˴ѣɵ̫ˣʦװů˵վȻһ˿ǣǿǳЦ綬ů񴺻شظ뿪
ѵ콣ڻҪˮʦװ˵̲סʵˮô˵ϴǸŮһʦ˵һЩɵĶ
޵콣ڻҪǿôһ㣬ڲ˿ģʦװˮôһ˿͡
˭ֻҪҵҵ·ҾСһֻˮŮˣ˭Ҳߣˮʦװ޵ЦЦ˵ȴޱȵ档
ʦװȴЦˣǽˮЦղŵǳЦֻǵһ˿õĻȣһЦݣݵ
˵Ҫ޸Сƺ𣿡ʦװЦĿˮ˵
ò˵ˮڸоʦװЦоãһ޷ݵá
Ǵˣ׿˵ġ
Ҵ򰡣ʦװһɫĸˣ챻ԻĴˣϾѵģҲֻˮһ̵ķ飡
ģܿǾͻᶩ飬ҵʱǾ飬װ˵òãˮʦװ֣ȴԷбһ۶㿪
ңҸˣ㲻ǱˣҪԼھͺã
ˮʦʱүӰԼǾ䡰˭װҾ˭˾ͽңͬǾʹͬ⣡
ˮʦװ˵ԷԷʵڲ˿콣ھ΢ǿһҪǰ˿Ҳֲ˱˵ģ˾ͽλҲֻǸѡ
һ죬콣ֻһǽ켸ʮΣԼӦÿӦˣοŮʦһעԼߣоžǺã
үӹ죬һҳǰƸ⼸ȰװĻ¸ˣˮߵʱʦ˵
ڶ죡
˾ͽң
˻飡˾ͽɻ˾ͽ졣
ǰʦҪ˻飬˵ˮСҪȢװһų˭ʦװ˭˾ͽȴ΢Ц˵
үүڲǻѵ˾ͽҪ𣿡˾ͽһ˿⡣
£үүжᣡ˾ͽ˾ͽ£Լȴڷ˼
˾ͽĬĬ˿ֻԹȴԽԽǿңһ˻飬˾ͽһĳ裡


145 ǧĽ
˾ͽԺ
үүܣ˾ͽ裡ͷ˾ͽһ˫ѩ׵ǰ£
죬ú˵ʲôүүҶƽ
˫ѩ׳Ŀ˾ͽ첻˵
˾ͽ콫ˮʦҵ˾ͽ˻顱һ˵
д˻飿˾ͽߵµ͸ղº͵ݼֱˣ
ݴ½зŮ˻Ǻܶӵһ£ȻŮзߵ̫˵ʹȻܶӣᱻ˵֦ˤԺȢͬżŮӶѣ
˾ͽ˾ͽүүǸ˾ͽҵġڡʮǰǺ۷壬Ϊ뷨ͻƾ͹һ߳ǣշתദ˿Ľôͻ˾ͽû˵˾ͽҲʣ
ʮ겻ǿߣ콣ڵĵӣǴ˲ñѪ
ǵģϴӳǵٳǱСɱģ콣ƽģ
죬ˮСӵ֪Ķ˵˵ȴ콣ڣ˾ͽҹȥǲ֪˾ͽ»ָº͵Ļ˵
˾ͽ֪үүǰһѪ֮ˣƽʱº͵ƵˣһּѪ
˵һɱһ죿ϸ˵˵˾ͽüŤ᲻ŵ˵
˾ͽ˵꣬˾ͽȴЦǸɵң̫ˣʵûϾͱˣСӵԲСֻͷԸ
ţΣҪģ
үү콣ʵǲ˿ǿģˮСڲӵܣ᲻үү鷳˾ͽʵ
ߣʵǿģʮǰҲǿǿģ϶Դܵش󣬲˿Ͳܺ콣ڿڵҪһ㣬˵콣ڻΪһ˺ȥ
үүǱϾڲ˿ʲôû콣ɣ
죬Ͳ˰ɣڲ˿ϣڲ˿ϱߵĽ־룬콣ʵǲµģ
үүô죿˾ͽ˾ͽǰһ㣬һȫûж
Ҫ𣬿˭ô˵үүҲǽʮˣ
ˮɢĹеӣû¶СѣΪûк¸¥࣬ˮÿζǿԼɾȥ¸¥ǽˣǶׯʥջתʱʥա
ӢڣһЦЦļǸǻĺҲܲסˮ⣡
ɾˮʱĿޣһϹǿﵽʮ죬ݹе¹ҲڴﵽСɾ磬Ӷɵٶȡ
¹ٶȵĸܣ˵ǴĸܣЧΪٶȣ־磬СɡɺԲ
СӶɵٶȣɵٶȣԲһٶȣСɾˮоķѲʱ䣬ҪɹҪܳʱ䣬ԲҪˡ
Դϴ޺ˮٶſ̵Ҫˮһʼѡ¹Щɱϴ似һֱСɣм伸ȫʱһ붼¹ϣ
ɾԴ󣬿ռĵطоشˮˬǰˮĶأһҲĶ룬ʹҲоܴˣڵͶݡժ޻װӡӵȣоĶʵ̫ˣɾʹʮĶ֮࣬ŹһƬԼһ˵ıأ
ˮɾתһ飬ķǸȻѿˣϴκͽһĺˮкϲ־ϲ񿴵һ㣡
ˮһʱ䣬ʮ꣬˵ģôȻ귢ѿ
ʲôҪ귢ѿǿҪʱ䣿
ˮǺڲļһָֻ׸ǴСĴ̵ѿȻСȴɢǿǿ
ã£ɾеʱ䣬ʱһҪԽҲԽ󣬾귢ѿ֦Ҷï꿪죬ҲҪ꣬ʲôҪࣿɾļֶҪ󣿡ˮԾĸ棡
ˣʱȻ֪ˮȥΪܷѽһõȴѿˮŸоҲǸĶϾⶫͷ
ˮأˮֻƽҩˮرϵɳϡɹ̫˵ɹ̫ɹɣһڹȴƫƫҪɹ
ˮֻĽųĻƽҩ꣬ǽӲӵɫֻСڹʮ㣬ˮ
ҲˮĽȻˮµǱСĶȣڹһԼĽų죬ĽųԼҲֻƽҩȻܷȥ
ˮʱɫĽ۹µµתţûܣˮһѽĿǧС
ǧ꣡
Сԣ֪ˮ˺һɫС۾µµתûͣĿˮȥ
Ȼֻгͷ­Сˮһ˲仹Ǿһ£СٽипŨĶǾ
СԺеĸѪˮǹͷϵһ£Сͷأ
ţڹ꣬Ᵽ¯࣡


146 һ񲻸
ˮ׼ʱѾΪϰߣϰǺõģϰҲǿµģһϲֳȭֻҪץסϰҲǿں
ҽ죬ÿ춼ͥһ㣬󲿷ֶ˺ƽӶ࣬˶֪ҽݵˣβշѺܵǮҪǣ˾ǰǷͷʢǿߡ
һɵЧǰǵŮرеɫδǰԽԽ࣬иǲҹ㡢С㣡ϣֿܱϣ֦ͷˣ
һЩҵŮҲǰҽˮΣ˼ҲǿԼǮԼܶʱСҽݾԧģ
˸ǱһĿģְۿ
һЩŮ޵ıʾˮһ¶ˮԧ죬ˮڱݺӺ˫¸¥۹̫ˣһŮ˻濴ϣˮһҹȻ߸ģˮֲΪ
ˮһλʱһλߣ˫ѩ˫ȴǳĿߣˮʱһ
ˮʶѾ൱ǿԺеͼĹЧǿĸӦˮһ˲ʱѾȷʵֻԼǸŮʦһЩֻɢԣ
ˮĸܵϵһɱ֮ˮѹסԼй
Ȼ˾ͽף˾ͽ֪ˮҽҽ˾ͽ׺뿴Լŵģ
ˮʱһоܺÿζȻȴһ̳ر˫峺ÿ˫˵ϡ
˾ͽֵľǸоԷһͨˣޱȣҪǿˮĻ˾ͽ׻Ϊǰ˲ˮ
Ҳûʲô½һЩǿԼģ˾ͽ׸оǸǼߣֻҪԼʱСģǼ似Ƿ
룡ˮƵ˵
ˮ˵ͬʱͨѾȫһˮֻҪʵߣٶˣȻһʱʱûʲô󰭣ĳЩΪǸǧ̻֮ѨǸѨ
Ȼˮܿ϶Ҳܸо˳˾˾ͽҵǸˣа룬ԼⲻǸԼṩ𣿡
ظ֮ʹҽʦҿ˾ͽЦš׼˾ͽҵĸ˺ˮоЦݺܼ٣
Ҹһ°ɣȥʹˮǺЦ
ˮҾݴ½ľҽʦļܣû˵˭ɱˣˮóߴ糤ʱ˾ͽײûиеȣ
ˮý룬¶ԷĽԼɶ鷳᲻ʲôصɱⶫҽҽһֱõͨ룡
ȥ·˾ͽ׼¡ȫǿ׳Ŀһ㣬ǿʢޱȣû˿Ƥϵļ
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ˮ࣬вֻֻܾˣҲһЩ˵뷨Ч˷ָ
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Ѩ̫̫֮ᡣİļѨкɢĻң־塣
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ЩѨѨ˺ʹҲҪȥ
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ҽʦҽ㿪ģ洫ҽʦ˾ͽ׽·𻺻˵
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Ů㿴ӹĺܳʵɣ˫Ц̤˽
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˫Ļˮӿ϶˾˾ͽҵĸˣҲΪԼղŵĺָеˣҪʱͰƥˡ
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ˮ֪ԼҪȢʦװͻʧȥ˫ŲֻֻǸоԼ䣬һֶǵ裡
˫Ǿ徵Ůӱ죬ҲǶˣŮǲ׺Ů˹һ˵ġ
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뿪ˮŴǴССĽУһһ򿪣ߡʯӢ軨յ̡޽ӣӡ¹סߵ
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Ϊʲô˴Խ檣ദǢɫŮԼôû֮ΪʲôԼŲڣţʵ߲ŮģˮƵš
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ˮһĶʱܵС棬ͬʱҲԼͻƵ죬ʵǰ췭ظͻĳǰСزסԼúӵʵڱֱڱ
뷿佫ŹˮѸٽɾ
ƽ飬ҩϴӡժȡ䷨
һУˮһʮϹǿʱĿĻƶĽδʱѾ״СԵĸܵʵӲ٣
ˮĿǧ˲ξȻΣ˵ˮСϽ¯ԣԳɹļʻǺܴģ
Щõҩݷ¯У𻺻ȼˮ΢΢۾ƾʶо¯ڵı仯ջ
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мǽ׼õһλƽҩѪҺӽȥʼ׼ʱ򣬷ųһλƽҩѪҺʱˮܾȣΪƽҩѪҺҲǽɫŨճĺ״
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ˮʵӲ٣ԶתϹҲǿһЩǸо泩ˮʼٶȡı仯
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ʣµĿƵĴƿװϣʣµҩģˮֱٴһΣٴεõСԭʣµһʮװһ
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ǰҽݵǸԼˣ
ˮԶԶĿһϤ˾ͽ˺ˮЦˣЦĺǿģ
·סֻͣ³ҵ˶ЦݵˮˮȴζĿ˾ͽҵһˣ
ʲôǵĴôͱ˾ͽҰռ˾ͽƾʲôôſ񣿲ŭˮʵһñӾͿ۵˾ͽϣ
ʯͷ赲ģ̫˾ͽԺҲ̧ͷ˾ͽĿϵˮ
˾ͽҽ治̧ͷˣˮЦƽ˵ȴĴΧÿһ˶У


150 սף
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ˮ֣˾ͽͷ˭ô񣿡
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˾ͽѾͨ˾ͽ֪ˮ˾ͽҶ飬и˾ͽμûѵȳϽҪǿ˾ͽѶ»µŮӣ
ԽԽоŭڣҪʹһֱɱĻʵԽеĺ⣡

˾ͽ׷ŭĴЦ֮񱩵ţ೤ɫ֮µ˫ַɢ˵ĺ
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ʮȻǳܱȵģ֮˰ɣղ°˵
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ˮԾһ˾ͽȥƽû˿𣺡Ҹʱ䣬鲻ʺֳұϣ
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ԶһϮѩȹ˫ЦĿˮǵĻۼֱͦͦǳеŷ绪Ӻݡӵţ
ֱˮһ˹ȥ˾ͽ˷γһ㣬ŵȥڵ²ʡ˾ͽף
ܡ˾ͽ˾ͽֻһ뷨
ˮ磬ˣԵʮ˵
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ԶͿʦʦһӭˮòҲ֪ղŴ龰ʦҲУ
һѾոˣôһǱϻ£ʦ֮Դʦһеݵ˳ӭףʾҵغӣ
ˮˣʦˬЦŽˮӭʦң
үӿˣϲԺһˣˮǺЦٴγֻ֣бΪıɱЦݣ
ԣԺһˣʦ쿪ĵЦţʦҲǸ΢ЦرһӢӺһƯŮӸرģŮӺʦװüĿ֮ޣֻûʦװǹ֮
ˮ²һʦװĸĸȻ˫ʶƸ񡭡
Щӵˮڳĸ֪꣡
װϳҪȥԺɣŮˮ˵ǷˮͬʱԼʦװףȻƯɲ


151 ٩ˣ
ˮԥһ£Ů˵ͷȻĸЦЦԼ˵ĵЦûõĺԺ
ߵԺˮõʱ˺ܶ࣬Ϥ¶ٻӰʱогϲãˮԼҪһȵڻʦװ
һװһĻ棬תͷˮû˿ϲޱ
װѾ赲ǵͬͨˣˮûбվۣϲЦϲǳЦӣ
ˮĻʦװԵĸее㾪죬еãˮ˿ˮ֪ʲô
ҽ׵ģĸ˵㲻Ըȥ㣡ˮż˵š
û˵ɻӣʲôʱԸɻǾͿ飬˵òãˮʦװֻǶĿԼֻð˵һ飬ˮѾϰһµ˵
ˮɲԲҪңһ㣡
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ȥȥɣʦװİˮſڣ

ˮЦƿŽȥҺСɫȻǵɫĵɫĶԱȣˮ൱ȣѵһŲģ
һ΢һĵ˴齣׵ı룬һɵϤƮӣ
ţװϵζһ
ף
ˮĿڴϣղûԭɫС㡭
ʱʦװѸٵİյӵ£
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ˣ㻹ûлشԺʲôأˮ˳ʦװԱߣ˲ڴϡ
ŤͷʦװĶǾĲֱͦıԵرԸУĴ߻ȥһڣѩϸĲܶˣСĶ䣬޳񾱣
Ҿȥѧգ
ˮڲ˿ҲǱȽϳɣһɫŮӣҴɫϼѣҲΪȫŮӵԵʣʵΪףʲôϼѣ
Ҳûдʲôر㣬ɣʱһϲˮ˼һ˵
ʦװˮԳƷʡˣҲҪ
ǿΪأˮʦװʵ
ŶллˣɱʧʦװѵˮỺĬ˵
ô˵Ҳˣ㶫ɣˮ˵ʦװ棬˫һ¹̸ʦװ
ʦװСԼǰʲôͽͣоͰδޡ
ˮһ̸оرģԼļܶǸܣԴˣκ˶ֻûϹֻСɾͺͻˣɵԻǼֵ޵ģϾǶġ
һˮѱռС֡Ρ
㻹ʦװҲ֪ǵڶٴν
װһҪˣ
ʦװ


152 ͨŮ
ˮʦװѾȥˣзۻڼݣˮѾΪ˵İһ־УһĿ꣡
˾ͽԴǰǼڰǴҲ˾ͽһˣҵĵλڰѾ죬ˮݼҹϵܺãǺͰǳʦҳ׼ң
ˮţƣǲһӱҪãҵרȥ˶µŮǸоˬ
Իʱ˵ģǵͷ޳ɣˮǿЦãʲô߼
ˮڳǶСѣмһֱˮò⣬ǹˮ׼ǰ콣ڣһǰ﷢չԼǰȥ
ɾУˮϹǿ⣬ʱ伸ȫ˾ݹ棬ֻ¹ΣˮֻϣܾܵĴ򵽸Ķ
ֻҪһµֽͱʼ
ҪһˮֻѾСɵ¹ֻΣ
ХҲǲ֮Ͼ֮֮Ӧ¸¥ϰģɴʹ֮ˣ
ÿҾڵҲʼ¹ͻΣԵĺôƣ֮и˺Ϭж⹥ֻޣСɿٽǧԲǧ
ǲϹǿûϹɣȻӵˮ˵Щ΢µ˻Ǻܿɹ۵ģСɾ൱ڷʳһ
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ˮЦſѾ˷ӳ壬ԼĶԽԽˣû¸¥񿴵ĵĶׯģ̲ס𻶺ʱתлʱʥ޵ķ飡
ˮ磬˵㣡౴ˮ˵
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ʶһŮһСŮ˵ιСŮ˵ѾѾˮ磡౴˵
ˮ౴Դã౴Թſڣ
ˮ磡
ƯСŮˮ˵˹˵ˮ
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Ҳ˽٣Ҳ˽ңҸо˺ܺãӴҲΣϰˣŮŵЦЦ˵
ˮֻ֪Ůӽǧ࣬ҲһʼͶԵԵʣһԵʾˮо˻һƣȷе˵Ǻĸһƣ
ˮôһ˲仳ǲԼǸδıĽ㣿ֻˮĸ˵ԼδıĽ۽иСɰŮûУҿͱԼǴһ꣬ˮҲʹͷ
ŮˮвǶƯûŮʦĳǣҲû˫ķ绪޵ʦװҲǱƯŮױȵʣͶֻ˵ϣ
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ˮоŮӵҲֻŮʦĳײܱȵĹԣϧԺҲˣ
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Ҳ֪˭ôɰСŮ˶֣ˮоǧǷ֪ѾѾǱ¶
ˮԶȥҲͲˣϾ˸ҲԼ
˾ͽң
ȿȣ죬סС֮겻ҪңҲˣҲú£СϾɱԺסˣ˾ͽҵ㣡˾ͽֿȳѪ˵
үү㰡˾ͽʹ˵
죬үүѾסүүĻҪȥҷ䴲һ׹еõ似ʲĻʮĿ޿ͻƵ죡
˾ͽ켤֣ɫĿ˾ͽףүүɲ԰ǣ
˾ͽʱȻһϣ
һţ󻹿ϰʲôҲûˣ𣿡˾ͽĿ˵
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˾ͽǰһ̾Ϣ
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ףҹҲ뿪ǣʲô㣬һȥ˿ǷչڰǣˮоҪˣ


153 롢̱Ԫ
ˮĻڵ˶ǳĬˣ̧ͷˣҶ˵˵ڰǻǰ˿ǣ
ˮ磬˿ǺòãǲǸƯ౴ð˵
ҲûȥҲ֪ˮ౴ϣĿԵ˵
ǵϸׯڰǺڲ˿ûʲôֻȥ˿ǷлᷢչȻãĲ÷չڰǣ˵˹ǣ
ʵ˿ǷչĻỹ࣬ҲһЩôڲ˿ǷչĶֻǾȥǲȥˮеʱҲٿˣͿԿһˣԺ࣡
¿Щϣ۹⣬ʵڲ˿ҲޱȣϾǲ˿һǣ˿
Ǿ˵ˣʲôǾһǰ˿ǣүӿʲô֧ˮģȥ˿ǻ߲ȥⶼˮľЦЦ˵
µĻޱȣ˭أ
ף⹫أʱһȥ𣿡ˮ뻹ׯ⹫ʹ˺Ͷ˻һҲˣ
ʱȥү£嵽ʱɣ
ԴϴˮͼӴݺ¥ĺڹĿľΪһǮɾеĺѾγɹģ
磬ˮԹȥҹӣ
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ͻˮһҹӣ޵ŮõĴУˮֱ̤¥¥ȥ
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¸¥ˮԼ̺ܵͣƤǲ
˫Ǿǰ˿콣ڣܿһȫᵽ˿ǣʲôûУ
ˮ绪ŮѵҪԼԵ
һ˫Ͷ˵Ļˮһܣ˶Լ˽ģˮҲ⣬ˮĳںľŮˣϲмԼ谮Ľ޺ͿɰĶŮǻܰһ棡
ҿʱ뿪ʱ֪ͨһ¾Ϳ㣡
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ˮɻŤͷ˫ڸղţˮʹ˫˼Ĩȥ뷨
˵Ŭ׷ҵģҼ޸ЩˣҪ˵Ļ
ˮ˰·Ȼص˫
ԼƤ񣬻ţݴ½ŮȾָûʵͺƤвͨģ
ˮ˫һ仰վǰվĸߡǿ
ˮ뻹Ҫ·
ϣˮҪ¸¥ʩչѨΪ˸̱ԪǱͬʱչӹľ
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·׳µģҪѣˮϲ٩¸¥ʱӣģرˣ
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ǵ΢˫Ŀˮǰе˫˿˿⣬ϧˮڹ˲ͣϾѨǴѨһ˻ģ
̱Ԫż̾Դﵽ΢ϴ跥ã
¥ϳһϸܵĻɫ飬һζȴ뵽Ǹʵ
ⲻ¸¥ߺǰеĿҲǽס
ֹƬ̣ˮ룬Ȼ¸¥һУˮ¸¥ԡң
ղŵĳʱʩѱһӵĻںȻҪ
ϴȥ޹¸¥ǶһϣԡеԡˮרΪԼŪôԡףˮҲ͵
¸¥޵޵ݵķԡ׵ıԵԲĽθ߸ߵˮںײžž죡
ÿһѵƫƫζг±ɻŮˣ


154 Сɡ
ʱڲ֪йȥʱת˲ţҲֻвʮʱˣ
ˮһƮŶëѩһۿ֮ǰѩװعһƬ
ƮŶëѩȻʮʩչͬһʽ֮оȻһĻХ֮
ˮ³ɾбҪ⣬ǽ̵ȫ¹ͻΣҲ棬ȻǾСɻһβСľ룬һƻʮģȻǲܵģ
ˮĵĻ¸¥֮ͨ˶ţµʱȻļԼͬһʱСɣ
ˮɣ¸¥ϹĻٶȻ죿ڸϲ¹ÿС⣬ʱ伸ȫϣ
ˮо¸¥ǴХԵʣλر죬ôԼ죬ǰ֮ͨˣԼԴͻҲȫڻͨѵԣ
ԵˮԻ
Ҳ¸¥ıִ̼СӣʱһǷֻˮеԭ򣬲ˮϲﱻСӷľͷһκ似Ů˱ȥǺܶ˵ģ
ˮ¸¥Ȼǽ޵СɣˮΪǿ̫࣬ԴĻκͷХ޷Ƚϣ
ˮоȵǽСɵĻХǿԴХ֮ˮǳҵĻХ¸¥Х̶֮
ѵĻХҲ۴ƣ
޵ΡСɵ¸¥ٽԭҲв߰ٽ˵ǺСһǿ׳ӵҪһ֮࣡
߳ȥҶϰߣˮһǲͣϰһ㶼һϰһʽ͸ģȻʵ൱Ļд裡
¸¥һú磬СѾͷ̰˯֪ˮ˯ŲǺˮϰߣʱ¸¥Ѿͷ͵͵ˮѣˮֻ֪üζһ
ǺĻѩˮߵÿ춼վĵط̫ȭչģеѩˮƮɣȻܿڻڿУ
мһΰǣȻҸˮһ˿ǣܼᶨ˵ˮڲ˿һݵλٿǣ
˵û˵ʲôԭ򣬵֪˿˿Ŀǣǲ˿Ҳˮĳǣǻγǵʯأ
ȻүѾ»ˣȻɥȴҲΣֻÿ̿Ҳˮʵ˿طȥģ˱
ˮʱ¹ͻεһЩĵú;ԼԼĸ¼ʮҳϸ¹ͻεĲҪעĹؼӦöǰܴ
ˮ⼸ҳֽ˼ݣ¸¥һݣ¸¥ԼߺҪشټලǰСˣ
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ֹסߵӿˮЦ۵İᣬԽԽֻ࣬ðıڻ
Ҳ̲ס¸¥ҭ
ԣޣֲǲˣ治ȼҪúվȽžͰǽӹȥˮ¸¥ķ۱İţ
ţ֪һúģҵҾȥòãҲʲôֻϣܺСѾͷߣ
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£㶫
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֮Ҫ죬һժº֮ʱ˼죡
ʲô¸¥Żʵ
ĹӣһſٽϧÿֻܳţȻֱϰٰʮţˮ΢ЦĿ˵
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ǵģô᲻ϲ㣬ȻҲ£¸¥һţ˵һԼӵĻ
ˮѵûм٩˵Ǿ䡰ȻҲ¡ɢķرˣ
£ҲǸŮˣ˽ӽǧľСɵĻΣô˵ҲӦվʤʿ˰ɣ
µʱﵽʿ۷ʵԼǰͨʼԼĺȻ¸¥ʵһǧǰţ
ˮһĵǣ֮ЧȻõӶٶȣʲôʱٶЧ
˵֮ıٶȵĽȣһ֮õһٶȣֻҪٶͻӦĶһٶȣ
֮Ҳóˣʱٸ¸¥ţӦʦװÿʣţ
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ĽŲƽˮҲ׼ׯˣ


155 Ǳʦװ
֮Ҳˣˮ¸¥ź󣬳Թ緹׼ȥʦң
ûлǾȻׯͱˣԼȥˮǰ˵
ȥʦҿװЦǺǵʵ
ţˮεЦЦȥʦףˮʦװǳˣ¿ʦװժһֻӨʦװϣ˵һ䡰Ѿҵˡ仰ѧʣʦװȴеССģԺҲˡ
ȥɣǵˣǾߣЦӾҪ뿪뾡ܵĺͶദʱ䳤һ㡣
ҲãˮЦЦ˵ĵЦĶӣ
νʦңЩҲûˮˮ΢Ц߽ʦңֱԺȥһ·ûκ
һԺͿǻõӰںԺ绨һ㣬ˮľˣʮϰ¹õʮȻ¹ֻǸûʲôһ㶼ǺһϾͱ廨ţˮĿѣԵӰпԿ¹Ӱӣ
¹Ȼľ¸¥ˣκ¹֮ö֮Ȼ辶߳һĲˮˣͬʱҲ̾츳ԲǸǵģҲԺвǰ;أ
ˮһֱԶԶĿʦװֱʦװ俴ˮĬĬעԼʱͣˮȥ
ӣΪˣˮʦװȻ̫ȴֹˮģ̲סϵϷһ£
һûиУôˣʦװԵбˮһû˵
ҲԼ֪ˮǰһ˿ŮζĻ¶СŮĿɰģ
ˮ֮ݸ㣬һǧſһٶȡ
ˮ˵꿴ʦװĿ֮ɻʵĪʶⶫ
ʦװĿˮ
㲻˵һ˵ˣˮоԼղе԰һεЦ˵
ҲҪ
ˮʦװĻһΪʲô˵һѵ⼸һ벻˴Сķۣ
̫ˣҳ˷ѣʦװˮһ䣡
ͺã벻ֻۣеĶϧʵʹòʣͿԸĶˮ뵽Сź˵
ˮĻʦװеԣֱӽӹˮеĹӣݺݵҧſٵĳ˸ɾȻܿȴȻޱȡ
û취ƯŮʲôÿƯŮ˺ʹǾԵĶžǿɰѭ浸ؾţе׾ǿɰŮʲôѿģ䵽ĵĵز
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лл㣡
ʦװˮŻȻʦװŵ˵СȻҲʶ֣̫ˣ
꣡ᣡʦװЦˮٴοѩıݣһ㣡
װ治ˮЦ˵ţʦװߴޱܡ
ˮһֱʦװֲɿץס᲻ףˮϧյĺܽʦװ˼ҲûгˮΪѾϰΪֻεԼ
ԺҾȥ˿ǣܾͲˣһʱĻȥ콣ڰɣˮ˵
ţʦװ͵͵˵
װˣ
ţ
һģˮ΢ЦĿʦװ
ţʦװͷˮǿһ˿Σ
ɲһССԸʦװûпˮǻЦ
ţʦװ̧ͷߺˮ
ɲҡһ£ҶҪ뿪ټ㻹֪ʲôʱķˣˮһ˵ţ
ҲΪˮʦװйܵ鷢δûзˮĻߵǾӨĶȾһۺ죡
ˮӵӣ֪û˵оѾѵˣڴӦͲǸˣ
ˮɲ»ݣԸʲôǫǫӣıסϸ⻬ĿƷޱȵĹ°С죡
˱ĸоˮ촽ȴ۾գ𽻼ӣ
ҲֻʱŻȥ°ɣ
һָֻˮһֱĽΣ̣ͦ·ܸܵ⻬;˵ĵԣ
ʦװαϮһɣˮͷӰһȥĶС࣬Ե˱̴еҺҵʦװڲ
ʱ䰮羲ֹһ㣬ֻ΢ĴϢż˱˼ޡ
˲֪ʱ䣬ˮʦװϸһɿС죬ζĿŴʱ˫շ죬˫۽գ΢ķ˵Ľ
װҰ㣡
ʦװˮĵĿ佱˵һ˵ġҰ㡱ɱŮˣˮ˵֣ϲʦװӣϲʦװ
ˮصҩв磬ѾʰóԬӱڰ⣬˶ǻׯģ
ˮ磬촽ôˣһΪҪҹأԿˮȤ
ˣ·ɣǰܸϵң


156 ǰ콣
صңû뵽Ѿ뿪ׯһʱˣͰǵķׯԵ࣬ˮȴǸоãУ
һңˮԼĴׯ˲֪ˣ˿ˮ۴Сȵĺһˮ磡
Ȼϲ죬ŵƽʣһƬϲļ
ȣˮҲûлȥˣˮûвμӷˣҲΪСˮˣһ˼һ벻佫ĲʲôԵÿɱȵģ
ӮҲûӮʲô˵ľ͸û
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¸¥ǿ˵ĺů˹ػذĸоõģ
չˮǱˣ׼Ǻ˫һǰ콣ڣ
һγԶŵˮ̲סˣˮĸ׵һοޣˮĸһǡǿŮˣ
ټǿŮҲһ棡
õң㻹ӵҪչ˺ԼȶӼ꣬ȥңȥָ˵ȥǱߵ࣡ˮ²ɵµע
ǵұߵǸˮһµŮ
ţﲻǿˣĳɾͣܿģԸôȥȥðˣ¸ӵ˵Ȼĺȥҡ
İɣжڣԺʲôɷģֻҪԼؾͺãԶҪˮĭ֮鲻
ȫ˵ףˮ뿪ׯ
ϵǻ˫Һˮȥݺ¥ݺʱоһ˿Ͳᣬʱˣ
ݽ㣬ҽģʲô㣿ˮݺ¥˼£ԺпܳΪǧָȻԼ׬ʮʮǮƣǸоеȥ
һʱ䣬ҾͰȥүүҸҴԺҪúҲԺ˵׼ҲǸأʱҾͿһ𿴿½ĵطˣ
ݺЦ˵Ǳˮ׽еһ˿ʧ꣡
ó֮ݺӳ£ûиʲô͵ǶĲ
үү˵ҸģӲʵ
ݺӾ桢ȸӵĿˮԶ˫ݺӿˮľˣһʱоѹֵ͸
ݺӣ㻹ʲôѾһ磬ѾǸˣҪٳˣݷľҪյģ
ݺӿˮ˫˼ԽԽңоؿڶƣĿˮ˵ʻ
᲻Ǹˣ˫еˮ
ûУˣˮ֮ݶ֮СϣҪʱ԰һ
ˮ˫ֱӹӶһţĴ񳵣סڳϣҿԴ֣Ͼǰ˿Ҫʱ̫
ʮľ׳ӣ˫ǱǷ绪òһ£Ȼָ
ˮǺ⺺ӵŮ˰ɣ
λ磬˿Ҫʱ䣡
·ˮżݳĺʵ
°ɣ
ˮԣݴ½̫һ˿һľҪţ£ˮ֪ţٶȻ죬ʤ㣬ֻҪϢʱ
ˮ˫ںĴᣬ䷿࣬ǰһСᣬǳϢĵط
һ·ҲĵģãкüңΪ˷˹ʱŮʱˮֱӰõĳˣڴԵúǿޱȣ
ˮ飬᲼СҺҲ˿
ˮİ˵Ц᣿˫ĵĿˮ
ЦᰡܶġˮһЦ˵ͷ㡣
˵˵ƣʵģ˫ĵ˵
ˣǰиɽׯֻܵرļֻܵñκҰ޶졣ɽׯ˾Ժش꣬˵ҵСܵġ
һǮĳˣֻжӣͶɽׯ˵Ҹʮӣֻҡ
ɽׯ˵Ҳ
Ǹ˵ʮ򡣡
ɽׯ˺ܲԸ˵Ҳ
֮ͼˣ˵һ򣡡ɽׯ֮еĶɻ˵Ҳ
˵һֻһ㶼ǲⰡ
ɽׯ˺ε˵׷ϡ
ɽׯ涺˫ϵķöĽЦݵŮӣŷ绪Ӻ֮


157 ͨ飡
ڳʱĺţ޳ٵǰţʵϾҪ߳;ˮ͸е
ʱĴУҲʱ᫵ĻĽҰ룬ĽҰ룬ʱĿ޺𣬻пзɹǿޣ
ϢһҹɣţҲˡǸ׳ĳˮ˫˵
ðɣˮЦǺǵĴֻˮгм
ˮͷ˫̺죬֪Ҳġı˰ɣ
ˮΪ׳ýǵһο˫ʱҲƺܲ;ǰȥ˿ǣ
ֻû뵽صĺˮû뵽ǾȻȾָ˫˫òˣ׼ڽеɱŮȥˣ
˽֮һ·ǰ콣ֲ֪·ˮֱ͵ؽ׳ĺӦûе㲻Ϊɢһɱ뺷̣˲Ů˰ɣ
캮ضڻĽҰ⣬ΧһŸӳ˫ϢǱѬһۺĽգ˺Ѫڵĳ嶯
ˮɫ΢ЦĿŻ𣬲۾ͿԸܵ΢΢񣬴˿ⲻεĶ˫
ˮСϺ׷ʱ翴Сһ㣬̲ס̧ͷ˫ȴúĿײһ˲ˮо·𿴵˴˵һ㡣
ҲڴʱˮǸȽϾ׳ĺȻİγһѩ̽Ѹˮĺȥ

ˮҲֱӽӵذ׵ס
֨һͷƤĹ

ӵļĲҽһֱֻˮ飡
һûжֵĺֱӴһ塰ĸҹӣȻһоͰʿ߼ǿˡ
ҴˣС飬Ϲ˹۴⣡ϵһֵֻĺӺ£ͣţΪѾˮǿҵɱ⡣
ˣˮȴŭЦ
еΪ֪ôģˮķŭ
Լͨ³ɾޱˣԽԽǷŭ˫ˮĻҲǸо£Լղո˵оûʲôûΪ
ˮѸٵǺӵĵļѨ˼ţʣµǸˮʼʩϵǵΪ˵
ˮûɱҪҪǼݳݴ½ǳǿʳοԼѾǱʹˣ
һҹƽʱĴһѹֵʹΪϣĽҰ룬ˮ˫ڳϣҲӲˣοҲӡ
ɾУˮһݹֻ¹ͻΡ
ˮ˫ְգÿһλһһĵͳХ֮
ͻɽһʹֻ󻢺ˮһһߴľһ㣬塣
žͻɽ˫ӡһȻ£һѹ޼᲻ݵͷƣһС
Ӱ޿ƥеϬǰܵľһ̾һӴĴ󺣣ĺˮҵһйһ㣬ӿȣһɽҲܳ塢ݻ٣
ˮȭң̽㽣һһʩչǽ¹ںϵңУˮҪǸһںϣںϵң¹¹Ҳң־磬ˮ֪Ҫʱ䡣
Σˮڰʱ䶼ڻϣιʽܶģǿɱ⻹л˺ץˡ
עعϬǿΪˮھȱʽĶǸܣɱ־޽𻷾ǿһֲͻЧ
ˮһĴŻΣǻ֮Уˮ·𻯳һֻ޻һ㣬ˮĽȭַ뻢֮С
ȭֻһУ˵ֻһַǸݶֳб仯仯ģϬǿȭַ͸ԣˮԵĸоеı仯·ԭϻǻۻһ㣬˺ܴԣ
飬ȭص㣬еʽȭںЧˮ̲סХ
ͨ飡
ˮоԼڻĻԺѧ似֮пϳ˷˼ǿ󹦷ѵǸ
ϹǿڽʱԸԳͻƵʮ죬֮ˮ֪һϽӼѣ
ˮڶʱţ޳Ѿڸ·ˣˮ߳ҿ˫ѾվڳĴڿԶĴɽ
ˮչһЦĺ
ׯʥķŵֻһ֮Ҫ߿תϲׯʥŮӣȴƫƫϲķŵŮˣϲŮˡ
ˮ˫ЦЦǲʩľɫգõıӰǷ绪ʣˮܻϴʱ˼εķˡ


158 ɫǿ
С㿴ء˫ˮĶԼβ̲סһ䡣
ٺ٣·Ͳ·һˮЦ˵
˫ҲԱŴݵɫεˮһԸŵĺ촽΢΢𣬱ʾѾˡ
ˣˣҸóԵľ㾡ˡˮ֪ЦҪʿɶֹ
ţʱЩûζĸʵѳԣ˫˵ģˮеԼζ
ѾߵߵˮɰӺܲ˫ֱͦԸеǡ
ˮ౴һ˫ԴͷһֱǸ߸ģεˮֻͦԸеıӡ
˫ˮӸоеЦȻˮ˺׺ͣ˻Ϊˮܱ˫ͻΪȥ¶һʣɢϢ˫ˮȻԻŮȴǸоǸСˡ
˦ˮ֣ˮԴһ£ˮһı۾
˫ְԼ˳롢ϹһֱԼСȻ֪ԼʲôʱѧЩм伸λΪĶΪóӴЧȻԼҶʧʷ˰ɡ
ˮԽԽӦøм˫֣֪ľͰֻ޳ӨضĻһȣҪоϸϺ
ιιʲô˫ˮýԵ۹⿴Լһֻ֣ϧıһ棬ŪҲһ㡣
ְֻõ֣Ҫлˮ˵һ¡
Ǿһ£˫ˮͷһЦ˵
Ц绨ˣ
ʱˮ㲲ٵĳϢһ£ˮȥֻѩɽӦ˫ЩóԵġ
ëţϴˢɾ𣬰ѩɽŪС飡ˮһУٵһ㡣
ҳġˮڴзģʵǴɾóġ
мˮ˰ŲԼ׼һЩϣ
ȵ˵ʱήҲĳҲ˫ĿŲʵĿˮ˫ǰĹ
ۣôô㡣˫˫˫۲ŵĿˮ
Ϊʲôԣ
˵ȻôζôǽŵôҲ뵽˺ŵζ˫촽˵š
ˮǷۺ۵Сͷʱ˼£˫ˣˮĿԼ촽ʱߺ
Ǳ׳ֻǴʱеήңζĸˮ˫ȴǺζļɿڵļ飡
óԣ̫óˣˮԺòá˫΢΢С˵
һҾʹӦһ๫ҲԣʵڲоͺøҲСˮ֪һγԵղܵĸоǺǿң̲סͶ˫Ůӡ
룬ߣռ˱С˻𣬻˫߼
ҲУԺҪ˵ҵŮˣҺʲô㶼ҪӦˮζЦ
УǺ͸ղŻһ˫Թɨˮһۡ
ǻ򵥵ģһ£װɡ
ҧҪҧҧɣҾʹӦˡ
ٴ·ţ޳̵ĻҰشʮˣ뵽ҪһϿȡ
ѣ˰ˣٲҿɾҪȥϿˣˮͻȻ𣬲Ǻȴд͸
СĸӦһֿЦĻһĿ󺺳ǰߴ·롣
ˮŴ󺺺˫Ѿͣµţ޳
üۣʨǡڣʮ꣬ȴǺͨϬȴеаΪʱĶ˫¶Ĺâ˶ס
ȫĵطӦ¶һ˫ˣ˫ôҲҪͨ˵ִһ룬ʮִֵָǵİɫ
˵ɣʲôˮüʵˮ֪Էǿٱ˾ͽҵǸ˻ҪǿֻĽҰ֮ϲе֡
ƽֻԺŮˣЦɭΪ˫аĿ⻹Ǻ˵ġ
˫аĿоڣе㺦£


159 Сβ
ˮ˫֣˫ȥϴɣҽиߡ
ˣҲɱ㣬ζֻҪӦղŵζŮҼҾͷŹǡ
뺷Ĵ󺺺ʩһ˵鼫Ȼ
ݣĸģԼʲôˡ
ˮںŭȵʱıʱҪŭ
Ҫ󺺵Դ󣬿¾ţһ㣬һɫƫƫװĺһ㣬о仰˵ʲôװƱƸɳܣΪļŮ
ˮĻһ˲ûУˣǰ˾Ȼ֪ԼѵΪԼɱ
СӣںڻüȻһܣҪۿôŪŮˣһøֻ۽硣
Ŵ˫аݶر
˫ߺŭĿŴ󺺣֮˳˶ûа취ģ
ڹü
ˮ˵ﲻм뻨çܱȵģǰô˵ҲǰǸСӰ˸顣
ŭһ˫ͭһĴۣ޴죬Ȼ˫ϳһ㵭Ľ
Ȼ˫ϣˮһۿ˫ʱͲµֿܡ֮ڽ֮С
СӣҲȥģΪĿۣ˵һᵱŮˣһһοôŮˣ㿴Ǽһˮɱ
˫ŭĿŴ˵
ˮʱŴȥ˫˵껰ʱˮ˲佫ٶᵽ£ͬʱ˫ֽ˺Ŵ󺺵ؿץȥ
ˮٶȺ󣬴һȻ˫ͭ۱һ˿⣬ˮһʽ˺ǰһƵĻХ궯
󺺴ʱŰˮŵֵλãղſˮоһС檵ĸҹӣ֪ˡ
˫ȻʢѸȫӭˮ˫֣
ء
ƵصĴɽײһ㣬ΧɳʯˮĻХΧذĸо
ˮȻĵɳȥһ˿Ѫֻˮվ䵽ϡ
ȴ󲽶סӣȻԾĿˮ
ˮиǾԼͻһˡ
ˮô
˫ˮǵѪҵܹȥˮʵ֪ǿȴû뵽һоȻܡ
û£˵ĹŹ֣Ȼͬʱ˵ʹһСˣü硣
ˮЦЦžŵǵ˫˵
뺷ĺӸǾȣԼСˡ֪֣ȻûдҲ湻ǿģˡҲ˰ɡ
ˮȵĿŶԷǽ⸡˫֣оӦúŮʦһεˣӲҪˡ
ңչˮԺٶֳͺãΣһûζԵУˮ˷ܡ
ȭĻһ־ֳÿһˮǰ˳ɵݼţͶԷӲȲʱײһΣ׼ˮѾԽܶԷ˫ϾԷˮҪѷɫ٣ˮоӦڶʮңԼѾʮľˡ
ֶԾ֮սʵ죬ˮԵĸܵñǰϰʱ˳Ժܶࡣ
ˮֶԷÿʩչ˫ʱ˫־ͻʢˮҲֿ׼
һοԷƽʱֻ֪ʱԷŻԼײ
ѽᵽ۷ˮһͻɽ̩ɽѹ֮ʹȫ֮ºȻһĻХ쳹
һˮȻǵɳȥǱ뺷ĴҲѪ쭣Ϊˮײ˲ʹݶһС
βţ
һšʤһֱӴڴ󺺵ؿڣ
ˮƾǿվ̫ˣÿζһδڶڵһʤǷҲסΨһ취ǲͶԷײ
Һ˻βţȻȴʵá
ˮˮ˫ſѪˮҲ̲סŲΡΡˮе
ޣѾͷڶοޱˣԣЦһ
ˮ˫ᡣ
ԶתϹǿʶеͼڻ޸ˮ˵ͽǡ
˫ˮĻǵĿˮ԰׵۶ǳϧĿԼкůҲоϲԼҸ
ֽˮǵѪɾˮ΢㿪ȴǱ˫һֱֻס˲ӡ


160 ˴ӡ
һ̵˫ˮ˿ߵֽˮϵѪϸĲ
ߣȥǸһȥû
ˮָһ˫űԼ߷ɵĴȥ
ڵϵĴȥʱؿֱӱߴˣһѪ඼ûˣŹ֡
βŲʽˮԼʱȻȻʹβţ
ţ
ˮõ¶һɫĶ˳
ֽҳ
ˮҳֽҳÿҳߴ糤һұ߰˸ɫ׭֡
˴ӡ
ˮ־̲ס뵽ղŽʱõ˫ؾĪľ˴ӡ
ˮʲôȻҪֽҳء
˫ֽҳȣ֪һޱȵĶŻֽҳء
ֽҳͨҳֽҳͼֵСˮľŸ롣
Ӧһ׹
ˮֽҳԥĵݸ˫
˵ǸССľٶȴ˫һȣ˫ӹվˮԱķţ˼ûֽҳϡ
ˮڴϷһ򿪺ˮֳ˲Ʊ⻹һһƤֽ
飡
ˮģˮϲ飬˫̲סչͷʲô顣
ˮһ˾ʹˣ
ͼ
ﻭʻһ㣬еգֻǸͷŮףҪĹؼλҲǻһ˿رˮһҳͼ
һŮ˹ڴϣβ߸ӹŮ˺棬ִһŮ˻棬һ棬еŮһ۾С΢ţϵıˬ
ˮȻзӦˣⴺͼıǰջ棬ڶ͸ˣڴϣһֱţŮӹԲ̵β߸ţصشչˮǰеŮӸһ˵ԸеС캬һΡֱʱ˫һѪӿرˮȴǺٺٵЦ˫ķ顣
ʵ˿˲ʱ䣬ˮҲƣ˫Ȼôʱ䣬ҲǸоÿ˫ǲҲо⻭ÿ
ˮ˿رġ
˫˿̻ǳ𾪵Уʼ˵ǴԽŮ˵桭ڶ͸оģŮ˾Ȼס˫Ȼҹӣȴûп֪Ů֮£ȴǲ֪˵Ƕô󣬶Ů˻졣
˵˵Щĵ顣
˫߼˵ϴϴ豩¶Сǰƾβ𣬺ͻеŮ˵ƺƣ̲סϸѤ̡
˫ˮβĪ续Ůһ˫ˣ˼ʲô
ˣ뿴ʱ˵£Ҹ㣬һ𿴡
ˮЦǺǵĺסǱ顣
ȥɡ
˫߼İеֽҳˮȴˮסЦǺǵһ
ˮɴཫЩϾԱ߻أȻԺúú˫٩һ
ԿգˮŪӰǴ󺺾͵ˣ
˫·ɣǰ콣ڵ·һСΣûз治㡣
ˮ̾˵
ǰ̫ѵˣҲ֪Ⱳûϣ
˫ҲĿңԶǿա
ٴ·ˮ˫ڳУʱˮڿֽҳصľ˴ӡ
Ȼˣ˾ô
ˮֽҳŵĿһ飬ڷӡ
ˮ֪ݴ½ŷģֻǲ֪ǰķһһݾ˵һڣʵǿޱȣ콣ܱȵġ
ˮ׿˴ӡһ־ˣÿһضе֮һ㶼ǰһΪ
һɹʩչһɵڶɺһصĻһֻڶûйӳɣʩչʱ͵һؼͬʱģֻмֻôһ˲ͣ١
гɺԭĻһͬǱ˵һػӶڶһʩչʱһԶҲ͵һһֱ粨һĹһһ
ĳԴƣھڰһһӰ˳
ҿôĹ
ˮʵ̲סĵ˵


 ̻ãɽ续


161 ϲͼ
ˮ˵໰ˡ
˫߹˵
ٺ٣⹦̫ˣؾԿ޵Уϧ̫ˣҪҲޱȡ
ˮеź˵
˫˼۾뿪ˣΪǴ󺺵֣Ծ˴ӡûȤˮһ۾ͻԼСˡ
һֻҪʱ䣬ܿܳɹˮȱʱ䣬ص֮еɬѶҪǿ֮Ҫ㡣
һذɣԼʵˣʵҲӲٰɡ
ˮ⹦Ǿ˲֡
ʵݴ½ϿԴؾĹûУһûо˴ӡôһʤֲĻǾأؾǼǼĺ֡
ˮʱҲ뺷Ĵ˭ȻĹӦóɻߴҰɣϾ
ͻȻ˴ͼһƤֽˮղûϿһʱǣȲó
Ƥֻֽбƴһ㣬ˮƤֽʱоȣԺҲƤİɡ
ˮҵĲţƤֽϵּˡ

ˮɻ󣬼¿䷽𻢱ޡ׾ţޡѩޡߵ׳ҩ
ˮˣ뺷Ĵ󺺳˾˴ӡ⣬һǴͼһҩ׳ҩһ֪ʲô⣬ʣµˮ֪ʮޱޣһߵޣ˵ɱʮֻޱֻ̫ʲô
˫ʲô
ˮ˫һԼдĻĵãʱԡˮԼóĻХͻβţֱӸһݡ
˫ҩʱٴκϼǰ޳ĲӶȾˡ
Ķ
̲סһڡ
˫ʲô
ˮоŵҩҲãȻԼҪ׳Ϲǿʲô׳񵤶
һ֮
˫е㲻Ȼ˵
Գԣ
ˮҲܲ³߰˰ˣһ£˵ʳʲôöš
ԳԣԲԳԡ
˫Ŀˮ˵ӺԼš
ԣΪʲô
ˮȻҩһҩôԳԡ
ΪΪ˳Թ
˫ҲǺˮҲ˲Ϻ˵˳
˵͵ͷҿˮˮҲһ㶣ô
ܳԣ
˫ϼһƬˮĿˮ
˫ڵСģ˵һҲᱬ
ˮεĿ˫˵
㲻Ͳᱬ
˫˵һˮ
ÿ쿴绪ˣֻܿţÿ춼һ˵׼ͱˡ
˵Ƥǲǡ
˫ˮĻǺܿĵġ
˫һ𿴿ɣϴοҲȤģţ߰
ˮóдͼ飬˫Ķӡ

ˮٺٵЦţóǻдͼ飬ֻܱʮҳˮо󺺴ⶫӦòѰɫϾܺһ˵ⶫҲӦò
ˮֻͼû֣һĴͼˮĿһ컵ѪҺڵͼֻΨһǻǹͷˮָоŮˡ
ÿҳͼˮһ㿴ȥŮʮʽȫˣں˷ͼÿڵģҲصģҲиؽͼи֣İ˷ͼӦòҪ
ʮͼ㿴ʱˮ¸֧ƫƫ˫պóһۿˮӣһֶҡ
ˮЦˣ
ˮµ񣬡߶Ȼ԰ɡ÷˿ⳡһᾪ°ͣ˾ȻڡϲͼסȥŮˣʶɼǿޱȡ
ϧˮ֪ǷڻϲϲͼϲŴһ񹦣ϧ˵һʦûܿ
ˣϲŻƾЩһЩͨŮΪĹûϲʵǿܴͼ˶ǿˡ
ϧڻϲźܾǰϲͼʧˣڻϲŵֻǸһϡͿľȻˮڲ˿õ⡶ϲͼ˫ˮҲûȤˣɴҩ;˴ӡһ𶪵ɾУ


162 ˿ǵľ
˫ˮҲûȤˣɴҩ;˴ӡһ𶪵ɾУ
Ҫߵˮɱ𻷾ʱõһߵߺҩȻߵҲŹ
ߵһҩˣˮʮޱֻܿЦϾмָ߼ޱޣսʤġ
߹λҰ룬Ͽȣһ·Ϸƽ˾һº󵽴˿ǣ
ڵˣˣ
ţ޳˫ĵ˵Ƿºܴİһ㡣
ѾʧȥΪˮҲüƽϣ׳ǧлţ޳æȥ
֪ǷԼΪ˵Ƕʱ᲻ôˡ
ˮԶȥţ޳
ˮǸߴһӵĲ˿ǳǽڳųţ³ˮǾǴǣƲһԶԶĿŲ˿һֻһ㣬ָоأ
ˮɴڳ˫ţ޳׼ͽǣ
ǰˮڷĶдֿʱо࣬ڿʱоǰֵһᣬӴ뺣ӿӿţÿһ·ҪһͭĹ·ѣҲǲ˿ǵ룬þݴ½ޱߣЩǰһ˼ˡ
˫ǽȥɣҸطԵϢһ죡
ˮããץס˫ͨĳš
˫֪ˮȺбˡײˮȺֱײ˫ˮţǹ޵Ц⡣
һȥžһֱĴȺҲɢæȥ˳ŴûԶǵ̡¥е¥Ǹߴϰףֻȳǽ΢һЩ
Ÿˮ۽磬ʱоǺͲ˿ǱȽϣСӹҼһĸо
洦ɼżԿޡ
Щһǿʶˮ˫ɨһۣˮ֪Ǹܵ˫ʵԵʡ
ݴ½һϰ֮˶ԼϾݴ½ޱߣֻ˵˫ȾҲס;ģҾݴ½ٶȼ࣬һƥͨԺǰʷеĳáȲѷɫ
Ҫ֪̳Ƕ׸׵սһǶǡ
ʱоһֻͻɷˣĽ̾һ
ǺõûУͼֻֿֿۣտա
ˮ˫һ·һΧһУˮ۹ľ·ЩŮϣ̾ط˶ࡢŮҲ࣬ҵҲȰǸ˲٣Ȼܺ˫ȴҲܽơ
ˮЩŮÿҲˮɣ󡭡ˮϵͣ˫һЦǵø۾ѵһľɫˡ
ûڿ㣬Ǳ޲ó㣬ҺܲΪǿҵŮˣҾҪǵŮˣһҪ
ˮ΢Ц˵
˭Ůˣ֪ߡ
˫ˮϹιΡ
˫Ķ˿֮Χ̲ס̾ˮо
ۺɡĽɡʰɣҾϲ
ˮš
˼ҿľƵ꣬˵㶫׼Ϣһǰ콣ڡ
ȻѾ˿ǣɲ˿ǴߵҲҪʮµģô콣콣ɽﲻǺԶһ͵
һҹΣȻˮǲһģݵĴ½ûʵҪʱĿܡ
ˮǽ⸽תһ죬ȥ콣ڰɡ
˫ˮ˵
ˮΣ绪ĴŮСŮĿǵŹһ˿ϲı飬ˮֱҲľ͵ͷ
ˮ˫ڴСתʲôҲҪСӵҲŹֻʲôҲˮɵĿ˫С
۹⿴˫ֱߺ쵽ӣʲô˼롣
˫ϲʲô㡣
ˮһ˫һ˺þá
ҾһʲôҲģǰĿǰ̫ˡ
˫ûмƽˮͷϵı˻һ˵
ˮоѹ֣֪˫ͯܿ࣬ʲôҲûлӴȻµ˵˭еһ˿ζ
˫ȴѲ˿ǿȥ콣ںòá
ˮ˵š
ǺǣãǾȥ콣ڣлл㣡
ˮӣŮ֣
ͻȻˮеһǿϢϷΧ˶̲סϷ߿գ̾̾Ҳ̾ͳԡ
зɹһֻȫɽӲӣſ˫ףֻһ˫޴ĳǽɫȴɫرǽͷɫġڡǺɫĴԴرۡ
ˮһ۽ͱǸװŮסˣˮ֪ôǸŮӣ˵Ůˡ
üԶ죬ǣīޱȣһµĲмɢһְһŵŮͼһſĴɽˮȣŮȼֱһ衣
޳µ˷վǿϾµĶ㷢ţλá
һŮʦͬһŮˣ
ΧһƬӵۣ̾ˮһҲûУӶŮ˵պϢ


163 ִ콣
þûعˮ˫ζĿԼѵõ˫ǰˣ˵ĺŮͬ
ŮˣҿĶ̲ס뼵ʡ
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ʵ㿴ղſǿɴû˼ң㿴ڻж˳Ծô䶯𡣡
˫գգЦǺ˵
Ž⻷߻Ĺ⻷ôֻǿޣҲȥҲܣҼǵҵһοڳմ޵ĳ̶ȲɣԵһξϴƣ
ˮٺٵЦš
˫տʼˮϲֻǵһӾߵ޵ݣ۳ˮԺ¡
ش˫ȻˮٺٵЦ
˼ҵĹţʱĻ˴԰ŮͣȻҲ˼ʣɫ֮ˡ
٣𣬾ǸŮģô˼ǼƷŮѷɫɡ
һŵͻأĴΧ˵ĶС
գʤ̵治ǸŮˣŮһҪŪ֡
һеϸȻСȴӲˮĶ䡣
ˮüּŹʵļһڿԼ˫ͷǸݵ깫ӣһоǴ󸻴˼ҵĺӣ
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˼ǻ£Ҫʱ䣬鷳λһá
˫ųէ˵뷨ϣϢˣϾﲻǰǡ
С㣬ٿ˼ҵСү˿ſҲͷ˼Ҵү콣ڵĻ
һеü۵С˫Ц˵
Բǻʱ䣡
˫˵콣ڲԾ¶һԺ΢΢һ˵
ˮ콣ͬһ£Цˡ
ζͱˣǵһοˣһÿγϷֻҪ˸иְ취ǹԹԾͷ
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СӣţõǿǣҪƲԳԷơ
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ˮ֪ڲ˿һ콣ڻݻǺģǿšҸ콣ڵĻ仰Ų֪õٺô
Ȼ֪СӵĵϸˮͲÿˣƣȥ
ˮЦֱһӽСɡ
ˮˣ߰ɡ
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γôӹ˼Ȼʲô壬ô˵ŰҲˡ
˼ҼͳϵҲҪ÷Ҫ֮ˡ
ߣߵģôߡ
ˮЦȥžľһᣬȺҷż¶۸ƽûκοȡ֮Ϊһһ͵Ŀ
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ڳӶˣǸ˧۷屣˸ǿߣԼ޻֮
ˮȴǴ˫뿪ֱ콣ɽ뱻ͷˮЦ
ֻøҲ⣬Ϊֻܺøȡ
ˮĵ˵
ͣ
˫ˮĻҭһЦˡ
˵Լġ

ˮŲ˿еǧ콣ɽɽһбָյľ޽콣ɽ
˿콣ھ콣ɽ߷壬콣壡
ˮ˫᫶ͣûʲô·ġɽߵ콣İɽ֪ʱһߴĽͨ壬ֱĽˮ̵̾ĺƴ
ߺˣ
ֱ̨һĳڸչչһʱһʣ߳һꡣ
ǰǵˮһҶĵӣλֵܿԴһ¡
ˮʦΨһӣ
꾪ȵʵ
ˮһ֪
ҵȻ֪콣ڵ˼֪ʦ˵ͽܵģҶ֪ýʦ˸ıǸʲôķ绪


164 콣Ůʦ
ˮĻ̲סЦԼŮһʦ콣ŷǷĵλ
˸оô
ˮ΢Ц˵š
治ٺ٣֣ҪûǸ侢ĵͦŮ˵ġ
ٺٵЦ˳㿴һ˫Ƭ̲Ÿӵ˵š
ˮƣԼгɼ絹ǹ䣬ˮкøУϲһףһ׵ı֮ˡ
ǲǿȥˡ
ˮ̧ͷ̨׺תͷ˵
Ҵȥɣ˭ʹȥ
Ц˵
Ǿλֵˡ
ˮƽ˵š
޷ͨĵӣҽл粻Ժཻ
꿪ʵ˵
ã
ˮ˵
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ͨϵĽݿٵǰţ;һЩٴĻǣ֪¡
ӣߵ̨׵ľͷӳһƬĸһ㡣ԿഩŻɼ콣ڵ
콣ʵ·ɫʵ͵λߵͣһ۾ͿԿִͣ´ģɼǻϾ⣬ﾭγϲɫһҶϲһѩס
ǽɽȥγһƽ̹棬һĵʯһͷôҲзԲʮɡ
Ǵֱʡ
ˮп
վƵɽۣԳԣʵΧƶ䶼ۼС
ˮЩʱһЦȻˮﾭγϤˮˣͷΪء
ˮһοﾭγûʲô𣬺׷ͯգüëƺһЩֻƱǰǿö࣬ˮ֪Ѿָˡ
үӣϻСһͺˡ
ˮһ
˵ʲôˣͷôҲҪʦܿ͸ϵλǣСʺܺá
ﾭγǺ˵Ȼ󿴵˫̲ס⡣
ҵŮѣ뿴ǲͬ콣ڡ
ˮ˫вĿ˵
ͬ⣬Ȼͬ⣬콣Ҫһλ
ﾭγ˵
ʱˮԼǸŮһʦһʤѩǲʩգ¶ֲʳ̻𳬷׵ʡ
ˮһҶʱƽֺϲãָо֣
ˮֳһ˿΢˻ȣˣˣ
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ߣȥ˶ࡣ
ﾭγĸɫе콣ڵ˵
Ÿΰһȥ
ʦǽϵŮһҲѷɫ
˫ˮ˵
ˮЦЦͷʹĻһŮĻ˫һ᲻ָоеαϾֳºܲʡ
˫ɣƯֲСӻһ𡣡
һҶЦ
Ưǰ˫оˡ
˫չЦȴеŵ˵
˫˵
ˮΪ˫ʽ콣ʽͬʱ˫ǵھʮŸ
ﾭγ˵
ɴ˳Ҳǵһٸˡ
ˮ˵
ôҲͻƵˣ
һҶ辪ʵ
ӦͻˣѾɵ߻һֻ޽𻷾ƤҶˣڰɽ
ﾭγ˫۱øһҶȴǹȻĳЦݣʧɫ
裬νȵǿǼ񵽱ˣˮĳɾ޿Ժ˭˵ˣԺɽҲ˲μˣ߽֮ҲԲμӡ
ʦʦ㿴˫ǵǸʡ
ˮ΢Ц˵
ʦºˣȫŮӣеĹŮӲġ
ﾭγû˿ԥ˵
ллʦ
˫ʩ˵
հǼʹʹĳһٺһ٣
ﾭγˬЦ˵
ýУǶˣ
һͳ½˸ŮʹСȣһⶼɢֻϵʵɢơ


165 콣ǧ
ΪһһĸߴӢͦݵӣһ˿΢Ц˵ţ˫޵ͷȻѾҰףӲɣζղ˵ľ
ֻһλŮˣرۣˮһ۾Ϳ쵰ķ欣رغηޱȣˮһ˫΢΢̣Цһ֮
ӦþԼʦˣһʮҵĻٸĲСɾµŮˣԵȻ޳¡
λӣиһһ㣬ͶѾʮˣǳһҶСһˡ
ˮһҪΪκǴʦֵƣȻʾͻӭϲֱֱ˵£Ϊ׵˫޻Ұ׵ЦǺǵ˵
ˮʦǧҲ콣һҶǳЦˮܵ
ˮСҲϲֱֱһЩαҸϲֱǻҲԸˮʩ˵
ãθڡҴӴʦҲ٣ûҸϲʦŵӺˬЦš
ʦ࡭ʦܵʱˮ⻨ٸһŮԼЦöЦе㡰κɻǸоЦݺݰף޶ˡ
࣬˫°ɣֶһλӣϲɺءﾭγǺЦ
˫ǸҮֶһ֡ȵס˫˵
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ˮ
ˮһҶϵֻѩɺױϣɻĿһҶ衣
ɽ岻һǶһɽ壬Χ£ûзΪﲻǱ̤չȥ
һҶվɺױϵˮ͵
𣬶ôңԶľ룬ݴ½ĵȼ͡ʿ佫˧졢ʡۡ顢ÿȼϸʮ˵죬ͻ쵽ʾ죬Ҫʽߣ찡
ˮһҶ貢վڱѩɺףΧƶңԶ޵ǿգоôĴС
Ҳǵһγˮ˷ܣѩɺױϿС㳡һ㣬ѩ׵ë羫֡
ܿ嵽ˣˮΧɽ壬طŨ˺ܶࡣ
ʦ峣һ
ˮżžɽ壬оϢԶܿӲݴïֲֶܵĽ
ǰԺ󲻾ͳ𡣡
һҶЦЦıѩɺ˵
ѩɺһҶ˼ºͷˡ
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һҶˮº͵˵
ҲǳѵƣͬҲһ̨ͨףӲʥׯϵա
̨ױ߱һЩ飬ΧˣرһҶ裬Եóףʳ̻һ㡣
ͬһׯϸߴĵãȻû콣󣬴һŷᣬˮ֪壬ƶסԼʦյЩӰɣЩԺסʦһɽϸоį𣿡
ˮû̻Ϣʵ
įҲǰУϰ߼įᷢһ˼įҲį
һҶ˵˵ζͱ
įŮģ
СӣϹ˵ʲôҴ򰡣
һҶ˵


166 Ůأλ
ʦϴΰôæͽТϵɡ
ˮ׼õ֮֮СݵһҶС
ףôôõĶ
һҶеľʵ
ԼֵģһҶ豻ˮĻչշЦᣬˮЦо˵ϲá
ƶ죬һĹӣֵģʲô
һҶָװСĴƿ˵֪ˮ˵Ȼ˵˵αǿѡ
ѧһҩһ¯ҩš
ˮգ۾˵
һҶ΢ЦĿˮ˵
ˮǻһĳĿмܲסҲƵСſΪ
һҶЦٴţˮԴиܵһ˿Ⱥɻ
ľͺˣЩã㻹鲻ҪЩӦ㲻ʵɣв˵ϣ˼ҽ껹ûʮء
ˮһ˵ЩÿҲ˷ѣѾԹˣЧζãҲûмģүȥһݣĳʱҲΪ
һҶˮҩǸϵ֣ϾԼͽ̫˿͸Ķ
һҶˮе壬ߵһŮӶǲ̻̲֮סʵʦÿ춼Է𣿡
һҶɻĿˮţ̲סЦʦҲ˵ȻҪԷʲô𡣡
ҸоԷʦ˵Ǽӹ׵飬ÿ˿ʦӦøоʦǲʳ̻ŮӦɽ֣Եɹɡ
ˮűڨڨ˵
ɣҰҲ˵𣬽ϷҪıϴҵҪóԡ
һҶЦ˵
û⣡
һҶǰˮѭ浸أжмҲû뷨Ҫ˵ûһ˽ǺŮˡŮ˭ӵУˮǵ͵غŮأֻڿزѡ
ˮȻһʢζļȣֻһҶ辪ȵޱȣʼʵˮϴҿˮĸģû뵽СҲƺһ
ҹˮ˼䷿סȥԵˮû뵽Ҳйư裬ˮĺ棬뿴Ůʦӡ
ڶˮսƵȴƺд͸ʮ﷽ԲӵҲо
ˮ߰ɣΪ˫ʽţͬʱΪǾоλʽ
һҶߵˮ˵
ԺÿνȥҪʦˣ
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ǰԺҪԹԵģȻҾͰһ˶壬һǿޱӡ
ˮһҶسһ˵ɵĻͨ泩ˮ֪ΪʲôôĽԼΪһҶͽܣǲֻĽԼѧ似ǿŮһŮһ飬ÿĪˡ
ˮһҶϵǷִǰѾۼһƬӰǿտĴǰ濴رӵΪվˮһɨȥÿžʮˣһʮţǧһˡ
ˮһҶӱѩɺʱ۾ȵĿˮ²ˮݡȴǲûۣˮҲ콣ڵļϿ
ˮһƬˣǻʵǰƣһֱǰһŵĳˮеİ޷棬ˮ°ЦЦ޷ȻѵõЦЦӦˮ
ʣµĻȴһɼվԱߣÿһɫ潣ڶС
Ƭ̣½ǰﾭγ
ࡢ裬ȴʦүȻǻְλ
ǧ˵
ðݹʦүҲ֤ˮ˫ʽ콣ڣûüֻ֪󡢿һǴ󣬳ڰףив
ʱĵһЦҪñս׼ֻҪһвǻ˴Ǿͻ̶ǵĻһְ
£ٺ٣
ˮŷСŮһЦ
ˮ˫Ϊھʮź͵һλʱ´һ
ž˶ɼɫһѣԪһƿ콣ڲĲ俪ţǻȨرǲһۺ첻ѡ
ԺˮӲıָԼģֱɢȥˮ֪ԭˡ
ʦ㲻˵콣ɽʱһݴôһҲûǲ᲻á
ˮдݵɼһƿʲôԪһҶ˵Ļ


167 ۷ս
ٲģҾôһͽܣ˭
һҶЦ˵
һ˫ҲˣһҶ迴ˮ콣һɣӦûս˫ǰ㡣
ţãʦ㣬ùҵġ
ˮЦЦһҶ̤ϱѩɺȥǳ׵ĳͬޱȣһվڱѩɺϵһҶǸվڽϵӺŰľɫŮôƣĴ
ˮַˣ
ȿȣ
ڴʱ޷˹Ц˵ϲҪллүүˡ
үӵĸԸү˵ģԵⶫ֣Ե໥ģֻ˫ԵʱԵֲŻᵮԵ޼۵ġ
ˮЦǺǵ˵о޷°껹ŵġ
һƬƬ˶Ҫսˣû֮ǰ㱻ʦΪͽʱǾѾˡ
޷΢Ц˵
޷ȻǰﾭγȴҲͽܣƺһҶΪʦҲûҲûиĸҲεľ档
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ˮŰ޷ʵ
νûекͼ򲹳ߵĺܽˣǾǲϲͻȻµĻ
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ڴʱʮ꣬һͰ޷һִµݣϣΪϵ
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˵Ǹ޳ݵ꣬һ˫һۣϧˮϲ˫óŮϵ۾
νָ似˵˾д裬ֻǫ˵ѣҲʵ͵սʵߵΪԼ̵һ̨ס
ʣµҲĿˮ˫ȻĿ˫Ҫһѣͬˮܲϲ
ǳһ˽ʵºǲ׵ģ
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ˮ֪ԼǺ۷һЩܴʽ
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Χвˣ·ɫԿлҲв٣һֶǿĵĿ֣иһɼζĿһУ˺Ѳ³ʲô
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޷֣ҪҪȥ
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Ȼ
޷ٵ¶ĵЦݡ
ˮϵ濴ɫߴﶷ̨ʱǸнʱȴǱվڶ̨룬۾ţ΢΢ͷӵͦ˧ģˮоôĿ֪װơԲС̨µҲвŮӣмŻŮһ
ҲмλŮӣʵǣͱΪм
ݴ½֣ߵԵʣԶǿᣬǧʮһ㣬ʵ϶ʮˡ
Ůɫܽ콣ڵĶ츳˸ǺõˣǺõ˾ǹȳơ̡Լ⡢ĳ̶Ҳʵ
ˮŸյõɫ潣϶̨ʱҲ̧ͷ˫һۣǿҵս⡣
֮µһˣҲشǣǰֵ죬ӼʮķѵѪͿͬκ˶̿࣬һʱˮΪʱһѻȼա
Ϊʲô˿ô˽ﵽ죬Լԡȱɾ޷޷ͻƣ˵鼱̤޴ôһֱ尾
򲻴Լһأ֪ˮڱС´ﵽ죬ǱͲƽĸӲƽ⣬ҪͨοԼ
ˮŽһ
ˮֵܣָ¼ˡ
оԼѪڣ湤Ҫ㡣
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ΪսҲͲڿɫˮͷȻһˮҲ࣬һսҲ෴䡣
û֮ٶҲԺԭ򣬿ϧˮ̬
ˮҲֻڶԷѸޱȵһҪʱȻľһֱһǡõĶ˽ش
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168 Ҫʵģ
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һ潫໹ڷ˾ѡ
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ˮڶ̨ɵһĽ̾ϢҡҡͷվҲͻͻϣǲᶨֻһͣͲǰ
ΧʲôУֵģģ侮ʯģˮоܷ꣡
ˮ쿪վ˭Ҳսͳͳܣǹ˽˭ҲҪң˽ҵ似ֻɱˣ
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ʱɾǽ˴ӡڶˣȴǰѵһθ֫׳ļһ
ֱӱ̨иǰۣ߶ûкһιȥˣѾˮ顣
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˫콣磬ϵĸΧֵˮں
ʱ˫ȥˣˮûзŮʦֲڣˮֻ콣䣬뱻￴ˮ˸ƫƧС·ȥιΧɽȥ
ɽĺΰܸܵǴɽİƾͻи˵ɡʿϲסڸɽϣɼɽǸء
콣ɽɽ콣ֻռ˺Сһ֣˵ΧɽûпϾʱòϡ
ˮ˼Ϲ䣬ߵĵطҲԽԽˮҪʱĶȴһ˿ȻСȴǱˮ
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ˮ̲ס뿴˭ں˭£ʵӦ͵飬ʱ·¶࣬Ҳ·ˣΪ°ѡ


169 ʦ
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һŮһŮأˮĶĽǴӵ±ǵŮ˿з
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ˮԼµĽСȴ͹£ѩ޳֧صشͬˮѪڣϾóʱûˡ
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ʦǸ˫ƯʦûǸ޳Ů̧˵š
˫һĶСϣûãοʦԼãҲҸˣǾ᲻Ȥ
̾
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ˮһҶ軹ûе̶ȣֻһֳƺһҶͰﾭγˮǷݶ㹻ˮһ꣬ˮŻһҶʦһ𾴣ӲһҶ迪ֵЦ˵񻰣ǿԼȥԼŮʦ
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ˮ֪˵ģϾڳϰҲζ
̾һģһζߣǻɣ
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չ¶·ĸоʵģܺŮһദһȻֻһȴҲܳԵķһĪ㡣
ԼҪŬҪ䡰ջ󣬲κƻ
ˮһҶ°ٿʱһҶ֪ζΪСӵԵе㲻˼飬ԼζʱͻʱҪˣʼˮóٿºϲһƽŮˣ˳ԡ
һθܵʳɫҲΰ
ڶȥһ˫ˮѿ˵һʱ˫ߺԹĿˮˮĻˮӲƭ顣
ҾǸ˵˵;бŮ˸ˡҪǸֻ˺ŮŻ֡ˮٺٵЦ
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ˮϻвǮԾȥһЩԼõϵĶ»ǮҲеط棡


170 СǱܹ
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ǱܹǺöĶҲҪ㵽֣û뵽ôһʱѾ˺ӡ


171 ̻Ի͡˼
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ǸŮӣŵ̬ɫ˳ԣ֪ԵպͷϵŮ˻


172 ۷
ȻǻȻڴźǰȻͬǶһЩӺݺ͸߹Ϣˮǿ϶ԼǸϵŮӡ
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ˮĻĿ˵Цݣʻ˲һ
ˮǾϲֱӹˣǸоҸڲ˿Ǽһʶ˶һرкøеŮǺܿĵ顣
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ڿǽڵһľ輸£óһ˫ɫ豭ϣˮǹ̵ģӦǲŶġ
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ˮЦſеСԼĻ˵
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Ǯ㲻õģȻΪܶ˻˲ǮҲļ۸ˣ۸ӦûǹĺܣҪҲǵ⣬Ƶ˿ģ׬ȡЩǮƵġ
Сڵһڲü΢΢ζ˵š
ԶˣֶĶζĶҪãŪǮȻľ¥͸˵ȥˣʱ׬ö˸СܿڷԺһ㻨Ǯˡ
ˮűЦ
ˮһᣬԸе촽𣺡ĺö㻹㣿˵ʲôʱ㣿Īǽ˲
ˮҲǣ뵽Ǹ¯ļֵһʻˮͷϾðˮŮΪʲôͰѽ¯ôֵǵĶ͸Լ
ˮ͸оޱȺգͷϵĺ鶼е»ƣҲɻĿˮͷһϸܵĺ飺ôˣ
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һȴЦ΢˻ƴԵһ޷԰ΣǸ˵
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ʲôֻҪҶ㡣
ˮ˼˵
һգգĿˮֱˮȻʱŽ˵ʹҽʦ󡣡


173 ֽ֡Ʒҩ
ˮϵĺֱƫƫû൱ƣСӣ𣿡
Ҫ󣿡
ˮüͷϵĺĸλС˼·пյ޷׽һŮӣˮʵڲȥܿԼˣˮоŮʦнϵŮһεģǰȴ
ߣȻ
˵ʾɫŮ˵ĽͬȻġ
ǺðɣһװĦַЩʦİĦַֻ߲ͣһξ͸˴Сɡ
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ˮӦȴһˮԣһĨȴˮһ˵
ˮûпɫ仯Ļˮվһ䷿ȥ
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ȴǼҾߺܶһɳ˫һСһɳǿɫͳһǸ߹ɫǽڵȫɫһλðξ
ҪŻţ
΢ͷʵ
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ˮеε˵ϾλðķҪһɫ欵Ůſš
ˮĻݵĻҲϼɫķи޲ɷˮʧһᡣ
ſɳϣɫ欵ɫɳǽڡݶӳĳһŮͼ
ˮһѹסһ˿¶ɳϣ˫ָϻ絶һ˫硣
һʵȻоǾ˵ĹǸк͹⻬ԶתϹˮǵѨؽĴ֮
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ˮѹһ״̬ˮȴΧһУ˳żһ·Ļ£Ȼȴ𽥼ء
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ˮԥһ¾̻ͦԲĽϣһ˲;˵ĵˮôһ˲ͣ٣ܿͼѹ
ˮ䵽ĽʱβԵıˮ֪ǰĦķӳԭ
ڹβϸУʱûһղܣֹˮرǸձβʱĸоһԥûеС
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ˮЦŽţϰĸһЩҺˮӣղŵĸо͸о޵ݡ
뵽СԼβ˸飬뵽̲סȥȴ쳣ŮеӣȻ㵫ζȴôҲβסĿʼɢ
оô𣿻𣿡
ˮ˵쵽ȴŵһɵ㣡
ˮֱӵ½գָֻղſԼβСôлл㣬öˣĺ
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̲ס뵽ڰǼĳ棬ʱԼ
㲻Ƕʲô뷨ɣ
УеС
СģԲСﶼСģ
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ˮһ⻰ôϤԼҲоеϤϸһɲǸղˮԼ𣬾Ϊ仰Լ˸顣
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΢Ц˵ţȻ˫ɫĳѥ
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ˮǺܶһģҲǺЦһʵŮ˲̫ˡ
ҽ㣬ıõҪóԡ
ǲҪˣҾûҵģԣ

ªȴζޱȵļȣ·𿴵µһ㣬رǳһںʹĿЩѿȴζޱȵĲȡ
ЩȫԼģЩǿķôôóԣóԵ˼÷ѩĻҪóԣŵûмʲôϣҪ˵ϺһɫĹӡ
ˮЩŮĶȻÿȴóԣˮȻԵ΢ЦĳԵ뱥ʱҲǳüͷһֱ΢š
˱ˣǸӣ࣬㿴ܾܲܽͻȻʧȥֹӵĺ
ˮ뵽ݺ¥Ľǰİѹ˼˵
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һֱٸṩһǧţȻҪһֱܼҵҾÿṩ˰ٿţÿſðķ˴ﵽζͰڶζٿš
ˮÿԲǧŵǱص˵
ˮĻĿֱӵͷãԣӵıǮ٣ʲôǮȽϺʣ
ˮҡҡͷͰӵĳɱԣֻǲ鷳ֻҪܿסͿԡ
ͷȻһЦſˮһһţֻЩθصǮϼһһÿһ룬һǧӣǧҶǧ㿴Ρ
ˮЦҡҡͷ̾ǮǮҲףϾԣĲ˿Ų¾ǧ˿ڣ˼丽ĶǮݵˡ
ǧһǧ
ˮҡҡͷЦûе㲻֪ƣԼ˵ԲṩԼıǮԺԲƣռˮ̫ˣ˵֣һ֣ɶǱСӾܾ
ǧһ룬ְɣҶ
ˮе㲻ľɫŮ˵
УԲУ
ᶨ˵
бҪôˣ֣ҪǻҾͲṩˡ
ˮͻ뵽ЩҲ뵽ˡ
ԥһ£¶Цգǰǲô˵ôô졣
Ǹ޷ģҲû֮㿴ܲһ
ˮ˼˵
һɬĵĵЦգ


174 ۷׺
м䣬ϲסǸסǸһȸһЩƱ
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˺ðеĳԣеֲÿԺҹͥ񣡡
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ƶ죬ѧԽԽˡ
ˮ˵¾̲ס졣
ˣڷ㷴İˣ˵˵ĻԻ͵𣿡
ˮ뵽˼ϰݻǸоޱȣȻڰǼʱͱ¶ʾȣݲʡ
ĵĿˮһۣʲôԻ͵иʦѣҽеһжʦģǺͽܵġ
ʦôôã㻹ˣʦĺǿλӵ˼Բһǿ󡣡
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쵽֮ʮһʮȻѣѵȴǴӵʮ۷ۻۻǿȼǴһʮʵ֮ͣɼѶǿ֮󣬲Ȼһ˧ʮۻ˧۷ۻʮ꣬Ҳûм˧۷壬ȻļûеҩԵʣҲɼÿһʮ۷ۻǺʱ;ľ޴󹤳̣һͻȴǿġ
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ˮ߳ɾ컨ľ޿ǱܹæóƻС⻬ûһ覴ãˮĽǱܹм
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ˮɥޱȡûкǱܹʮֵֵԼϤĻֻֻһ
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û䡢ٶû䡢û䡢ʲôûио仯ѵΪһǱܹЧԣ
ˮʱˮʶһ仯ͱһ㴰ֽĸоһʶܵһĻ׼ȷλá
ҷ·Լһ㣬ӰоȴǺУֻһģԿڴˣȴǿľӡ
ʶǿôࣿˮ֪ǲǸÿĵһ
ʶǿž֮˶֪ܶ˱ڽ۷ΪۻˮϴͻҲƾۻڽޱ±ǿľŵͻƣ


175 ޺ۡܰ
ŶԻ˼ˮ磡ε欵ĻԼתлϤҲѹֵĽ˷
ˮ֪ƣĵַŻ۵壬ǼͦУ˱Ŷ˵ķۺһ㡣
ϵĻĴ󵨣ˮǱͼ￴˸ˣ
ڶ죬ˮ׼ʱѵ̫ˣڴϻе곡
ʶһܵ治ԶһӰһֻڻеƫƫɵ
ˮϴһųȥʵпӰʱˮ֪ԭڽ衣
һɫȹͷȸᣬں㷢粨һ㣬ˮĳ˶ڲŽ衣
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ĵۣͦԸеıӼ˷ߣȻҵʥɵ뵽żĵôľ޾ף¶ķʴǣˮ볤βѡ
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սһ˫ߵԵˮǰǳЦ˵ǵ΢Ц˵Ķ˺͹ˡ
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ˮӿĶ˵ĻЦ̲ס뵽֪ԼεҡҷˣܻӭģĽ֪룡
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ĿŶ˵ɫվˮһߵľ롣
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ˮǰ벽һĸоرŤһζĵģŵžǲóԣƫƫ˵ζȴǲϵĳ
ҲΪ轣ԵʣԸнշۺ˾ޣʱһ߹ĻŮˣ޷һɢңȴǸ֮ԸеıǼϻһ㾧ӨĺΡ
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ˮЦеȻζرÿζ۾üõƶСӡǣЦ
ˮСеĶôһ;ŵĵףǧ˿мˮϣĺио
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ˮͻȻȻĨһѺ㵵ĿߵԶĿյϣ
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ӰƫƫŲ˼飬Ҫȭڻֳĸой׵ζ
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緹ͻһԵģˮŵǣ緹ģûмȻѿζûУӦÿˣٻܿʲôˡ
Ŀˮ·ٵˮ˵Ǿ䲻ԡѳԡܳ𣬿æôʱ뿴ˮܳһ㣬³Ժٵһ㡣
԰ɣ㲻𣿡
ˮº󿴵һĻЦ
Ҫó͵İɣʵ̫ˣԲߡ
Ц˵
ô֪Բӿöˣһʼܶ˻ء
ˮ˵ʹڳ̵Ҳûкζ˵ζȣʤŮ
ˮڳţûһ仯ʱ֪Ϊʲôһģܼ򵥵ĿģԼĶ˳ԣô򵥡
ˮǲǰѻһ˵˸ˣ
ЦǺǵ˵
һˣ˭
ˮһʱûзӦ
һƬ˶ļһżмǮүүһʵҫİܼӡ
Ŷһûء
ˮЦŰ龭˵һ飬ǵûһЦ˵ˮǻһ˻Ե
ĵ˰ɡ
ˮһ˵
ŶҪǲ鷳ãǸһо޽ʵô
ˮǰ׳յӦøоԵġ
һǴ壬޽΢콣ڣүǾ޽ŵĴϣԻһǺģļ˿ǺܶģɺͬԴġ
˿ǶҪӵġ
˭ҲֱקԺǲҲһˡ
ˮЦǺǵ˵
ڻҶ㡣


176 бҲΪ㻨һ
ˮŻԣоǰŮԼŮζŮˡ
ˮҪʱһƱˮԣŮ˻ãȻԼһ㣬ϾԼϲĶǮָߵĻҲû뵽Լôࡣ
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ˮЦŽһƱ˵ƽûǾ͸ãѾóİٿš
ϷԵˮ˼סû¾ڸι乺رУȥ˴ٿϧûرϡĶ
ˮĵһֻΪˮеһһһѽģܺãλͼװƷﱻĵʮӡ
Դϴκˮ鷳ֱÿζȥ䡣
ֻԵƷŮζΪһ㶼ˮˮоÿ˷һǧӣʵˮЩһ˫ǧ촽ͳŮûȤһĦҲǲġ
ǰѻʱˮоûʲôãһѽƵĳ𣬲ˮϸƯϧһʯˣŮʦ͵ģˮժ¡
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Ϊݴ½иϰףֻ˫Լʱ˶͸ŮһǮͽϽɫʯһ˼ҲŮ˵ԼϣҲͬŮԼϲŮˡ
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ˮһû˫ˣɽ˸о̾뿴
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ЦĺģϧˮоܱŤˮŮͬȻ֧֣ôֻǸоŤ
ˣȥɣСѾͷҲͦģ
ллʦ
ˮЦЦϿ뿪
ˮҲƵ뿪еãŮô𣬻˺ŮΪʲôԼˣǲԸԼ콣ģ°Χ콣壬ֻ콣岻嶼ֻ콣
ˮͨ·֪ģֻǵʱ˾ͻᱻֹȻʲôǻ͡
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ˮоܺðɣôŮ˶ң
߳ڰɽɢŲ˫ЦǺǵ˵
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ˮƵĿϲԼεĴˡ
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˵˫ЦӺݵʣһɫĻȹ߶ɢ˵ζ
ɰ
ˮԣһүǱһɫŮ˵ɰ˵
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ˮٺٵЦš
룬ʲôһ¶ҡ
˫ԶȺɽǺǵ˵
Һ㣬ɽΪĴҲŻоɽϤлôһů
ˮǰ˫޳ӰǰһţֻǷ绪ȴǶһˮŵꡣ
˫һˮ¶һ˿΢ЦҲ㣬ʱܿģҸоܲϰߣҲ֪ʲôʱʼˡ
ٺ٣ԺҵŮ˵ģÿ¶죬ôҶòá
ˮЦס˫֡
²񣬳ҴӦſԣ
˫˵
úãԺһȴС˵ˮˣֶʱٶ񡣡
ˮٺ˵š
ͣʲʱˡ
ܶ¶һЦ˫ϲЦǵӡ
ˮ˵
ʱĺܿ죬ʱѾ磬ڶѾ̫ƫˣ
ˮ콣ڵĽ𻷾ƤѾٶʮף˶ʮɷ⣬Ѿ֯ٽ
ֵʵģûзֵ
ˮʵ
ҪԶϸִ£ִµʵӦöӲ٣ȫִɡ
ˣǻȥɣ
˫Ŀĵ˺óʱҲ˲ٵ·
ˮͷʱ·ߡ
ˮеˡ
룬־ķҪˡ
ˮɵ˵
һ־ķҽͻˣ
һʵΧ


177 ܼį̻į
ˮһʱ˫Цû뵽ȻߵԶûз֣ʵ̫ˣ
̧ͷģˣÿʮӣǾޱȣرмǸǳȣ񲻵һǻ۵Ĺâ
ˮ۾Էͬɼ콣ڻܴɫ¶ѾеĸоԼ򵹵ĺ򲹳ϵʮĻ骶޷ȣп⼸Ǻ򲹳е̳
ûգ˵ʱɣ֮ڣȻ뿪ˣ
ˮ˫˵Ѿ̧׼ˡ
콣ں򲹳ǰϴûڳ˵ˮԿ̬콣ڵĻʱоߣϧˮѾɽһʱҲ
ͻȻ˸ˮˣҪԼϣˮҲ콣ڵĻ
ʲôϴҺûڣΪԼǵҫˡ
ߵݸһ겻м˵
ǺǣûпҴҲûΪԼ㱾¿ҫèĹ͸ֵһˡ
ˮЦ˵
綷̨Ҫս㣡
мŨü۸΢Ц˵סҪĺǡ
ãʵûҪô
ˮ˫뿪ʱ˵
Щʱ֪˻Ҫ֣
˸ǿҵս˵
ˮǺ򲹳ϵһɽ˵Ѿ۷壬Щ򲹳ǿһ
˫߱ߺˮ˵
ˮ֪ˮӮ֪֪˻һ㣡
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ˮװε˵
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˫ƣˮڶ̨ϵĻǵ͵ı
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ذɣǰͲˡ
˫Ц˵Ȼ߽壡
ˮص콣ʱɫѾȫ˵Ÿ߼ʯյΧ콣ǰǾĵġ
ˮȴǸϤŮ˶վõӰһζ
ܼį̻į
ˮĸо
ˣиŮ˵ȺĸоܺõģŮӾ͸ˣϧʦоеᣬָж
ʦ
ˮϳ˼еһҶ衣
һҶͷЦˣ
ˮ׵ŮӣǳЦݣиоʦǻɣҸоů
ϤһѩɺˮһҶ壡
ˮһ¸оôˣ
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ˮҪģȻñѩɺֱӷɵˡ
Ǻǣоܺãֻ쳾ܽǿűĶĸӼ̣ľȺֹͣͲǰǿ߶һޱȼǿģǿ־Ϊҵ־
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һҶͷЦ
ţʦҸоҪܺһమһΣܻͻļ۷嵽弶
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һҶɫŹֵĿˮֻˮŻţҲֻͻȻ뵽һЩǰתƷһһڣоðճԡ
ˮоһҶŮ񣬹ܺúðһӦòǳİɡ
ǿ𣿳СʦҲҵ٩ˡ
һҶ΢Ц˵ɫûʲôı仯
ˣǲǿҶ֪Ǹ˿˼ң⵹Ǹ鷳
ˮЦ˵
ִǰɣûͷˣԸʦҸ˼ˣ
һҶѵ
ǺǣʵϣʦһӶޣҾͿ쿴һֱ̺ߣϽ̻ᣬϴ
ˮǺǵЦ峺ޱȡ
ƶ죬˵˲˵ϣˡ
һҶ迴ˮȻһ䡣
ˮϣиġŻ泩
ˮĵЦݣһҶοЦˣллˮҷԼ˺ܶࡣ
֮䲻ҪллΪκҶĸԸҵʦҵѪף׵ˣѵʲô£ʦ᲻𡣡
ʦһˣѾȥʦʦһ㣡
һҶˮѾ嶥Ĵǰ
ˮȥԵģһԵ㣬Ĺǳ˺ܶࡣ
һҶ˵һˮ㶵Ļ
ҽԷˣڳ䣡
ˮܵ￴һҶˣŮʲôŵģ
극ˮ׼뿪ʱ
ˮıȶ˵̫


178 սγϣʦͽԵѾ
ˮʦһҶĻһû뵽ô֪ˣԼȥ˫ȥʱɢȥİɡ
Ӧɢȥģ
Ŷİɣô˵Ҳ콣ڵˡ
ˮЦЦ˵ˮһˣϾԼݻȻһҶ˵ֻܴ
ţȥϢɣջú˯һ
һҶ˵
ҲǣϢɣ
ˮվ΢Ц˵Ȼźķȥ
ͻȻˮŤͷȻվһҶ裬ʦоµʲôĿĶ𣿡
ˮʦ߰ɣʦ˵˵
һҶ迴ˮһ˵
ɽǿеɣˮ¹µһҶоôĹ¶һֹ¶ӰӡˮС
Թźնį
ȻѾǴ죬ůˣҹͦģֻˮһҶ˵ʲô΢紵һҶƮƮʤѩˣȴô
ԼϲˣһʸΪڷ絲꣬ʸʵǻΪһأӦûְܿɡ
һ˹¶įΪû׷ںĶ
һ¶ûһѪ׵ĸо𡣡
һҶ˵
һ仰ˮסˣûѪףûмҶһ˵Ƕôıˮһվϡ
ǰˮһҸȫļңĸĸҲǶõû˵ԣԻӻĸİˣӣֻΪһԭԼǵĺӣѪĺӣԼ䱦
㵽˾ݴ½иĸףԸΰĸԸܵ¶ָо壬
һеİΪû㰮ˡˣ
ˮ֪ҪıϵĹ¶رûѪ׵Ĺ¶ֻԼӺŻоһ㣬úӺһϵһѪףˮ֪һʱʱһҶ軹
˵һ仰һҶͳĬĿ£¹ɫ
ɾˮǱһҶĹ¼ŵӰռģȴŲΪ֪Ŀʹࡣ
ȻһҶû˵ˮֻ֪ǹ¶ô򵥣ΪˮŮһĶ̫ˡ
ˮ֪ʵԼӽʵһѶӭж⣬ˮһתϹǿȥһµĿѾﵽһοתʮ죬ʵһ
ˮתϹǿͻƵʮʱʵӲʮĺüͻʮֻǧ֮һʵͻʮȴǧ֮ʵ
ڶ죬ˮɽ˴ȭ⽫ʽϼٱ飬һ콣´ˮŸӳȻʡ
̽㽣ϹµõһˮȵĽȻӼ̣ʵʣ
ԶһҶ迴ˮɣرǿˮðĴ糤Ļɫ֮ʱǾȵС죬ֻˮ޷ǾһĻ
Թ緹ˮһҶ赽콣ʱȻ˶Ķ̨ȥ
֪𣬺򲹳ϵһ˵ɽս½ˮ
ˮǸһƵе𣿡
һ꾪ϲ˵
ʲôˣϱһݣûк³ġ
ǰûСʵ̫ˣײˡ
ˮҲȥˣסҪ˵̫
ǰһҶٴ˵һ顣
ˮЦԼ˵Լ似ɱ˵ģŮʦԼְɡ
ˮߵ̨Զʱһµɽվڶ̨ϣ
Ǹˮˣ
֪˭һ䣬˵Ŀⶼˮ
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һŮ
Ҿϲ񾢣ϧûʵȻұ񡣡
ˮһ۾ͿȺһµ˫վȺ˵ǺȺȻһķ羰ߡ
΢Цź˫ͷˮŰ׸ɫ̨һабģŮӶˮ
ˮ콣ÿĻҪܺһ¶ˮԵҲá
һŮˮ˵
ҪܺһһҾˡ
ԱߵŶ쵰ŮӲм˵
Զ˫һ˿΢ЦС˳ˡ
˵ʵ
ˮɽ˵
ӮҶڽվ̨ϣҼʹѡҲˣԼԼһأͣͲǰ
ɽᶨ˵
˵ҵ似ɱõģ㲻ɱ㡣
ˮƺڲصɢиǰһǵĻХˮСԲֿмҵĻХ
»ˮװʲôģӲǱǿѹѹȥ
Ϊһ֮ˣʱ̶ΣգҼȻվҲڣɣ顣
ɽгˮͺһ˵
ɣóǿûгֵĻˡ
ˮͬûаγ
ΧȻһ͵͵ĻХˮӣѹ粨һһһ಻
ɽûٿеĳŰ߳ɫ֮Ȼθߺݺݵˮȥ
ˮϹУֻ˿ˮûϹţɽһЯ֮ƴ֮ΧĻХ˶һ㡣
˿ˮһ̤㿪ɽһٶȣޱȣ
һˮ㿪һκ似·һ⣬ɽһջ־һб;·ɣдһ˵
ˮٴһб̤ͬʱеĳһĵڽֱӽɽ׷վȡ
ҪҪҴӦһ˲㡣ˮ˵
µ۵Ķоô
ʲô򲹳ϵһ˶ֲУԾͲһε𣬻ʲôһӷ߷ߵ˵
˼ҿ˼ҸмսҪңҲô񣬻ڿսˡ
ˣû壡
򲹳ϵһ˳ƺŻǱҪˣûʲô˼ˡֱӺ˳

ɽЦվ
ˮ¶̨һЩ˿ˮ۹Ա˿ȳݣϾˮҲ콣ڵĻ
̨ˮ˫ѾӰЦѾͷԼû¾뿪ˣǵԼ
ߵʱˮһҶЦվ￴Լĸоˮо
ˮоһҶʦѣȻʦ˲ûʦͽָ֮оϾ似û֮ʵʽӴûΪʦͬĸһĽ̵
ʦô⣬ϲһæ𣿡
ˮ΢Ц˵
һҶԵĿˮҲôϡͿͽܣѵνԵ֣һҶ赱ʱûпˮԺεĳɫεķ绪ʱֻоǸһˣ㣬˿
˵ϣǺǣԺҲҪ˺ϵġ
һҶ΢Ц˵һ΢Ĳǽһ㡣
ұ˺ϵģҲ£ʲôҲ£ºͷӣҰͲöͷӡ
ˮƤ˵
ʼѧˣĪҪҺͷӡ
һҶ迴ˮȻ΢Ц˵
ˮգҶ֪ڲŻͷӵĺھݴ½ͬҲˣˮһҶ΢Цĳ׵Цšôأҿɲң
ˣղҺͼʦˣ׼Ϊ콣ڵʮһϣ
һҶеĿˮЦ˵
ˮһɲԲǸʲӳϣʵҲ뵱ģҪΪҾ͵һͨӶá
УӽԺ콣ڵʮһϣ콫ΪγʽʦͽԵѾڿʼҽʦ
һҶ΢Цſˮ˵
ˮһʹĿһҶ裬һֱûаֶʦһΪʦΪʦֻǸмеһֳƺ
ΪʲôڼҪʧȥʱƫƫôܣһֱĸоһ㣬ĿһҶ衣
ԸҪⳤϳƺҪˣǲʲôطˣΪˣ
ˮе㼱ٵĿһҶ˵
ˣѾ콣ڵĳϣһҲ̲ʲôԺĳ޷ƣѾûʸˡ
һҶܿĵ˵
УҲʲôʦʲôʱҶʦ
ˮǺǵЦ˵
һҶһε˵Ѿ߳ʦţҲʦҲͽܡ
ʦ˵Ҳʦʲôʦ㣿裿
ˮűڨڨ˵
һҶ迴ˮһˮʱĪĸоܹ죬ˮһ᣺ʮϲͿˡ
ҲԣŶʦ콣ʲôҪġ
ˮգգ۾һҶ衣
ԵĿˮһۣ֪˵һжǰ˵Ҫάɵģоά콣ڵĵλ
ʦҪôά
ˮɻ
ÿһε֮Ľʱ̽ɵսʹѹ
һҶ迴ˮʦֶˡ
콣ڶŲ˿һɵӣʱҪ׼߲˿սصǰ似
һҶ΢Ц˵
ʵ̫ͣһ㲻ɽϡ
ʵͣһпԴɽоĸ֣˵ԼʵͣⲻǴ˵𡣡
һҶ̲סˮһۡ
ˮһοһҶ֡ԸСı飬һʱĿֲϡΪ󣬾ɽŮǱɽⶳһ˲䣬׵һҶմȾЩ֮ķľޡ
ˮƬ̸Ͻ컵ͷҲʦÿһɽжʱ䣿
һ㣬Ҳǵס
һҶڨڨ˵
ʦǻɣҾ뿪µײҲõңǰһ
ˮÿ¶Ҫ콣ڣԼûзֻҪ΢ܵԶһ͸ϲ
һҶҲ뵽ԵͷˮǰһҪϻ
ڶ죬ˮΪ콣ڵʮһϣˮ콣Ѿ׹Щİ͸ϳĶȴŮӰ̸Ķ
ˮ֪ԼΪһŮĶ룡


179 ֮Ǿƺ
ص˿ǣˮס˼䣬ˮ׼һ־ƣΪˮж䷽ˮޱȡ
ˮ֪гһЩ⣬ĻǾƣŮ졢Ǿơ¶ơ÷ơζơߵƺʹ˵еǿɺȵľơ
ѾƷӣ¶ƺͰζһʱʱŪϾ¶ˮռζƺܶʱҲˮڿǾơ÷ƺߵƣŮеаҪŮơ
ˮʱоһԣƻǾƣһǻǺңκһҽݶлǣǰǼһ˼
˻Ҫԭ⻹Ҫܶϣʳˮҩݵȣˮڽ롣
ˮЩֵĶԣˮҪʲôŪôֶ
ư
ƣ
Ŀˮ˼ľƶǴӾнģǮܸߡ
ⶫʵܼ򵥵ģˮԼĶʼ˵ˣססС󡢵ȼɵȵĻΪ㡢ȿǼˮƵĻй󣬷ͣˣơԭϣ΢ãƳɾҲڱøֽ⣬ͳɾƣپˣȥ㣬õҺҪõнȥףԭơ
Ŀˮ˵ߵţڶеãɽˮ˵ƶġ
ݴ½ľͬҲʳƣӪֵܺãŮԿԺȣԴ½ȾǺձ󣬲־ƾ壬ƷһĴڣ԰ꡢǧĴǼֵǵĶ
ƻҪӻǡҩݣ
ˮŪһЩֵƹߣһǺһЩٵҩݡ
ǰƵƾͽлǾƣܲӵģǺö
ˮЦſԱͤͤĴ˵
ӣ½ľƼвӵá
ϾƵģʱһãɻĿˮ
ͱľƲһǾеҵľƶУҵľеǾûˡ
ˮˣ˵˵ľʲôɫ𡣡
˵е˻ƣʮȻڸӳ˷϶
ˣƲζһҺ֮ر˵Ǹ֪ģ˻ǾƾŮڰϲۣŮ˺֮һá
ˮٵ˵꿴ѾýεĴˡ
һᣡ
ôá
һԸ欵ҧʵ
ȻǱ׳Ҫ˵յá
ˮϴһ½˵

ʱĻ¶ķ޷ݣˮ˫һҶ軹нϵŮ˼ɫʱоǰŮȴꡣ
ʵʴǡ
Ȼʲôʱƭ㣡
ˮյ˵
·𿴵ˮεӣЦſˮ޶˼Ƕһ޶Ȼ󣬱һҶջԡ
һǲ׽Ů񣬶һȴоԶ
ˮԭŪ췢͡һݵˮǷŽȥλƽҩѪΣ
һкˮɿԼֲʳҪǿջһֳɾ͸С
⣬ָоĺã֪ʲôо𣿡
ЦǺǵĿˮ
ʲôо
ˮ
ҸоͶʵгɾ͸У
ЦĺԸУƤˮգգ۾ֱͦԸеıӡ
֮Ŀɰջ
ҪʱĻǾƲſԺȣ
еϣʵǱ޲ھͺһ
ôȣ˺Чãġ׳ġˮ֪Ϊʲôô
Ʋ
ص˵
ˮˣֲ˵ԽŮ˾͸ԽںԼգˮҲû뵽޵Ůӻա
ŮҪյģ˼Ѫġ
ˮ˵
ˣ˵ʲôʱԺ
סˮ˵һ䡣
ɱһˮԹԵĸ죬ȻűܵȻЦ
ˮԽǺͻһԽ޷ܣԼһѳֲסĽһ˵ˡ
ˮʵûʾǸɾ־֪˳УˮоӦһĸоɣˮȻ֪ʲôо˵һ㣬߳ʱĸо
Ӧл߳ʱĸоɣǻ߳
ˮһֱռ⿲ϣϵĲϺһЩҩŵĲϣϧһֱչ󣬵Ŀǰһȫ䷽ûдչ
ãиˮ󱥿ڸرˮɾУζĺڹټζʵû˵ϧûƷȻԼڵʱһķҲˣǽɾеĶԹԵԶһ
Դˮʱ˵ĹϵĽ֮䣬ղţʱˮ٩ʱĴˮһ¡
ˮڸɴ˳Ȼ䲻ǿ󵫾Բκ£ˮɵˮϲ
ºŮ˺̰࣬Ҳ̰꣬ˮֻܽӴģиоģϲģǲģԲǿ
С
ˮе

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ˮѾʧִյĸҲû˵ʲôۡĸûʲô󽫣ˮͰǰĶǸˮ͸һ
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Ǹĵľ𣿡
ͻȻˮ˵
ˮãʲôʲôãĿŻֻͥ
ЦˣĹºܺãԺҪི
ˮԺĵͷĸϴŮĽ࣬ʱ֪Ҫʲô˼ŮǸƱĶ
ˮɾʱҩʱȻ̣ܶӲɳ㣬ڼ֣־󻹵ʮ黹飡
콣ҲҩʦϴγΪʱĻԪˮϣæóҲӨɫҩˮһš
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ˣС㣬߷һһʣͷˡ
ˣʹ򿪰ɣ
ˮ
ܷľƲʱһ󴼺˵㴫УǸоһ泩
ˮ̧ͷı۾ĻĽë˵Ľοˣ欵˷ܵһۺɫֱͦԸеıӺ˻ȴߵ촽欵ζˡ
ˮòװһףǾƿӨ͸ܶȱˮ΢һ㣬ӵζ
㲻ԼˣˮӣÿҨ˰뱭
Լȣ
˫Ը߹ӹˮеıӡ
һںҺζֻױȣﶼһɵˮоϹһȻСԺԵСҲ⡣
ĪǡʳԼеһиʲôʵΪĿģ
ʱҲǾԼ˷ܺ㣡
Ժȣ
ˮ۶˵ĹâԸƯС̳һ˵Ļȡ


180 ˼ǽ
ãԺһ˺Ⱦƿˡ
ˮ΢Ц˵
Ϊʲôѵ㲻ϲ𣿡
Ŀˮ
ȣȣɺԺ󡭡㿴ⲻ𣡡
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ɻ˳ˮĿ⿴һ߸ߵƻѸٵĵͷ¹ײ֪˵ʲô
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㻹ȣ
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ˮ΢ЦſĻǾƺ꣬ͷ촽һ˿Σɢ
ˮĻ̲סӿ죬СԭôÿΪʲôԼĻĺܿ졣
ǻ𣿡
ĻҵĿˮ
ŰɣҪԼһ㣬ٺһ㣬Żϣ޳
ˮǺǵ˵ͬʱľ⻢ǾƵһ˹ѵȥˡ
ٺˡ
˵Ȼ߹ȥˮıӣСֿǿŵ񣬽ϸѪɢ欵ĹƻϢ
ʵģ֮ȻǡʧԣҲͿƲסŮˣǿӲ㲻õĻﻵġ
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ҵͷ
ˮĻòˮؿڴһ£ֹ̣һϢ˱Ƕ룬欵һˮȥ
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ʱ·ֹһ㣬ˮŻͦصʮļѹŮĲ֪һУĴǵһĵط̼ǹ֡
ڵ΢Ĳţûȣ˫ʶıסˮĲӣ˫Ŀˮ
ˮĶѣƵļӨľˣ¶˷֮ˮߵ촽ȥ
һڼǵʱƲͷˮǵǴƵϣ˿ϸ塢еŮ㣡һлС
ˮſˡ
ȴǼᶨ˵
ˮķſ˵ԲҲǿƲסԼ
ˮ֪ʱ򲻸úǸԼȣҲϲԼûϲԼ
ʱǸޱȣζƿһ㣬ӿͷ֪Ǹø˻ǵĻǸӵŮġ
ˮ˵Բĺңҵ˼𣿡
Ļվˮǰɬ˵
һ㣬Ҫѹղҳ嶯ˣҲû취ˣղ޶ԲǱֻ˽㡣
ˮȴεͣڰա
ӵǰһǺεˮֻ֣ǽͷ²ˮ͵Ŀײȴٴοǿŵ
ҵǴ񶥶˵ļӲİԼСԸܵ洫˵ȶȺ΢Ĳһ

¿ЦˮƮȻ뿪
ˮղҲǳ嶯ĸоеĸоϴΰĦղ˫ٴͦɻԲķΣԼϣҲǼһĵط
ԷʱҲ֪ʲôԭ򣬷϶һˣһŮӣǸѩһŮˣһѩ׵ȹµϸоרΪ
޳ȳƣػԲ˶ҪǷҪ·һ㣬˫峺΢Цʱһһζƫƫһʥ·
Ⱥ֣һĵŮˣˮӲͷƤ߹ȥ
ˮ˼һ÷ѩ
ˮֹӾģҲڳϻܰ㡣
ǸŮվš
ˮ磬ɲҪ˽ĶҪСһŶ
ö࣬ѩ׵ļ͸ɢһֽĺഺϢ
˺ˣǸĵŮˣվˮ÷ѩħǰ͹Ůˡ
ǺǣûŮˣԸ㼸⿷ӣһҾд㡣
ˮЦ˵
ŮһܣȻ÷ѩûлôһɺͳ࿹Ȼȴ˸оǴϵԹζǿŵ̾ͻ뵽
ˣԷɣ
Ĵߴһ䡣
һûмҲƽʱԵĶ˻÷ѩֲˣˮоζĺܴܲﵽ˳պ˲á
ˮ磬⿷ӸҰɣ˼ļԹ÷ѩסҪ뿪ˮ䲻˼˵
ⲻȥд̫Լˡˮ΢Ц˵
һ̫Լ÷ѩѩ׵Ķ쵰糺죬ĿĿˮһ֪ĽԸĵŮرζ
ˮдõĿѼǽаӵ䷽
ˮԥһºдȥģ䷽÷ѩĶիʲôĶûдŲԷϾͻһģֻˮоûҪԼĶһԵȫ̸ˣοŮ˲ʶԺӲӴ֪
÷ѩ˫ĿĿŷӣֻʳȤﵽĵزȻҲôﵽա
Գյ˽һۿˮķӵ󣬸֪̺ļֵˮ磬̫ⷽˡ
Ǻǣûʲôѣ˼Ķϣ˼ԺãԸˡˮЦǺǵ˵
÷ѩҲǴˣˮû˵ˮ˼Լˮֲ죬֮ԸԼôĶΪԵʡ
İɣЩֻ˼䡣÷ѩˮ˵Сɵ촽΢΢
÷ѩ뿪ʣˮͻʱղŵٴλһֵĿ⡣
Ҫȥ֪ʲôʱǰһ˰ɡˮƽ˵
ԵһˮǲҸղû㡭
ˮЦţɵѾͷʲôôÿСԴôװЩ߰ĶԺҪװ㽡ϵĶ֪𣬹԰
ˮ˵΢΢ڻ׵ͷ࣡
ᣬŲ󻵵ˮ΢ЦſȥǻǻĻкǿģղſ˲ܲ·бʲôһ¡
뿪˼䣬ˮǰȥ˿ǧ𶴿ǰиǧɽûȥݴ½ǰȥҲ
ضǷˮѣ֮أ˿ǵؼǰɺҵĴڡ
콣ɽ콣ڵĴڣºɣɷȣϻźϻš


181 ǵѱʦС
ǧûʲôɴڣȴǲ˿ǵʥһĴڣǰȥ۹˲ȥմһЩ˵Աаȥǿ꣡
ˮȻţȻдǾһڵĵһ־Ҳա
ݻڲ˿ǵĴϷɳţˮţżСϵ⿴һ
ǧλڲɽɽɽǲ˿һɽ˿۵һΪ˼ǧҲͰ·̣·һƽĴֻ;һɽϿȡ
һΣһһǿʲôľˣεˮڼһĽǮ󣬳ȻӦԽԽ
һʼǱƽ̹Ĳ˿Ǵϣǲ˿Ĵ֮һյرнࡣ
Ѿ󣬽ֵϷɱ޳ݻбصģˮ͸ӿæµǡ
Ϊ棬ʵ͵ײЩܿһģͬΪţ׷Ŀ겻ͬվ̨׸߶Ȳһѡ
ˮ˯ʱܵһ⿴ȥǷΧѾȺɽشˮ֪ǽ˲ɽϿȣ
ϿȽ޴ĺᴩ˿ǵɽһΪ·;ֻ幫ֻҪٱֻһӵʱ䣬ϧڡС·ڽ·һΣգϾݷһĲɽǿޡ
ƽʱһЩǿǿʵɳûһЩðߺһЩ˳Ҳðվ
ɽϿмǧ׿мǱȳһƽĴһϿȣȻ٣Ͼ˿ǵĴôƽˮӻ˯ѹ
Խʲôʲôһ˻ܾˮľȴǴˣһֻɫĴϻվ·м䡣
ֻϻͨѩףף׶ߣ֫ý׳׳Ĵִβֱһ˦˦ȥ
ˮֻλо׳Ĵһѩ׵ƤëƯɢǿϢˮһֻޡ
ЩѾܸˮˣΪˮֻ޼ѩ׾޴ϻһֻҵСŮǾ޻ԵôĽСɰ
ѩ
ѾɫҰ׵Ľš
ˮȴǿŴϻϵǸһѩ羫СŮˮȵòʾȻŮʦž˵߷ơ
ǵСŮˮеƣŮʦŮˮ˦˦ͷ뷨̫ˡ
СŮѱʦ
ˮͻȻ뵽ͷֻˮܲСŮκΪˮԽԽоŮʦơ
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ˮǾ޴İѩȥϹŵЦ⿴ŻϵĿɰһͿСŮʵ̫ƯˣôһɰƯŮҲһĪ㣬СŮɱӦģԱͨɱֻϻС
СŮԼûоţˮһ۾գգ͵ĿˮˮоСŮϲԼһ
ǰѩ֫ԭزסļ̤һƵĻ𷢳ھˮҪһ㡣
СŮѩеСǾ޴Ļͷ£
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ðѩСŮͻȻӰѩˮȥΪˮھѩܽ׵ľ롣
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СŮˮĲӿЦ˵
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Ϊʲôҵ
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СѾͷ˵
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
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ߣһȺһܳĴһһ飬ʱϷɣ
ſɰСֹš
︸׿ǸѱʦǸǿѱʦ
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ҪˣöˣųĶҪɱҾͲ֪ˡ
صĿ˵
ޣԣϻ£Ǹ¸ҵĺӣ¸ҵĺǲ޵ġ
ˮæңҲ庢ӣͷ϶ð
ҲŲǣǶܹԵģҪôô
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СѾͷ˵Ұ޼ʹҲĻˮ𾪣Ϊˮʷпһ
ӵһĵ˲ŻЩ˲ǰκαϣֻҪһƽĽ죬ȻϵͻƱϵļҲһ˵ļʮ
һʡļһģĵ̫ˣÿһӵĵ˳ɾͶ޿ھݴ½
ԺҺòá
ˮ۳ʲôĿĶСѾͷ£ȻˮҪôҪܿ࣬ƭӵĵڻǸСҲԷֱ˵ġ


182 ˴ӡ֮
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ţǵȻŵˡ
ˮԣ治֪ô˵ˮСѾͷŮʦǰ֪롣
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ֻޡüֻЩһģ
ͰװסһҡĶĻһûһҡװ״Щġ
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˵
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ˮСѾͷȥƽĴϿȣ˿ǵһ룬ƽ̹Ĵƽ
ϦµʱˮСѾͷվǧ棡
ʲôôöˡ
ʵ
ˮǵСŮһʱĿ⣬ǿģˮиѾͷɱû˵
߰ɣȥ𣡡

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ΧοˮĽĿ⡣
ҪôʹһŮð
һп
ӻôÿŮ
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ҲֻȻ˲ôɰСʹ
СʹĸһǸŮ
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ǧ𶴺󣬷治һĴˮоһƬͿճʲôˣһĴһ㣬Ų°֮ߣΧˮûпͷۣһ㡣
ҪҪǸ
ˮǧ𶴸һȥȻʲôӻ̯λǽϿҤһľƵꡢùݣ
￴һЩСҪȥץϾСӡ
ϲʲô㣬סҪЩҪǮġ
ˮҪһЩСѾͷʶˡ
תһ䣬ߵʱһ޴Ľʱˮ֪ʲô׳ۣʲô𺳣һߴʮ׵ľ޴һķλ
ÿһһֵƣˮ֮ſţǸоץʲôȴץסĸо
֪ʲôʱʼˮЩƱ仯ţԽԽ죬ˮĿɨһ޴Ľͬʱٵǧȥ
һֱľ˴ӡ˵֮Զתһ·ˮһѭ˳Ȼ˫ֻӳ
ȻˮڱǰѹסԼҲˣղˮһΧҲûмˣǶǾȵĿˮ
ˣ˳ˣˮϲޱȣָо·֪һ˰Լһ㡣
ͻȻСѾͷˣˮһæԭ·ٵıȥ
·ϷԹĿԼˮоھΣסСѾͷദ죬ˮѾԼһҪλá
ѵΪŮʦ
ǲҲҪ
ƲСί˵ţӨĴ۾ǰԹ
ˮıôСĺкѹޣҴӦ㣬Զ뿪㣬òã
˵
̧ͷ˵š


Сָ
ˮЦСָźסǸоܰˮ֪ʲôζоӦúɡ
ˮٴοЩߴĽɱ˵õľ˴ӡѵЩйϵ
ˮɻţһһİſȥҲûиղָоȻһƲͬˮȻûиоˮӲƾ豻ļĿļһǧơƼС
֪ʱȻǧ𶴾ȻֻʣԼѾˣСѾͷȻ˯ˣˮ˫ƽ˯һ㡣
ˮǲСѾͷôϵѩ׺ãϺܸɾûζСӵеζоûչ˵ʱôġǧ𶴸һ붴ĵطһ䷿ˮСѾͷʵĴϣϱӣˮȴǽɾ
ˣ
ˮһ鲻䷳ĴԽХȭַڽȥϧγԶвͨ
˵϶ˮǿмµķƴǿ˫ֽӡֳĳǿɱоر
Ǿ˴ӡ
ˮɾһյſƵƵǿĺڿһ޴ĺ¡һ㣬ľս
ˮеķƴ˵ľ˴ӡֱˮϹӻɾ
ˮĵɾϣһǧо͵õ˴ĺôᵽ˵ľ˴ӡôСŮ


183 Дǽ
ڶ죬ˮٴνǧеǧ𡱿һ飬һһ͵̬ǿ羰һ㡣
ɾУˮȫʱ˴ӡϣǧֵ½˴ӡᵽһĸ߶ȡ
ǰʵս˴ӡֻһڸǶַ൱ʽһֻʽϿԷǿ
ֻʽûǻӣ䲻ͷһգһʮᣡ
ֻһϸĻǧ˾ҪԿǰľ˴ӡþһçǧӡ󣬾ѧǧһ㣬ﲦǧӦøǿ
ˮǱ񵽵ǵСŮӱѵģôСѾôһ˿׵Сˮӣʮݴ½ҪһǵĴŮ

ˮԼſŵСŮ΢Ц˵
һЩˮǧֿһ飬Ŵ뿪
㶼ɽкͻһ𣿡
߳ǧ𶴺ˮΧŲɽȥ
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ǰʱҲװףһҲ档
գŴ۾ɰ˵ˮı˵
ɽк㶼ʲôط棿
ˮû¸ɴСѾͷ죬Ҳܶ˽һ
棬ر棬ǸѨкЩͷĴһֻͷֻǾһһһſšǶѨڰɽҵģҪаװ׻濴񵰡
˵
ˮоСӵ˼ά֣ͬԾԺǿŮеһƴˮĺĻǱͬŸߴĵ񣬲ˮ˵еԺ
ȥòá
ˮоеƭСһ㡣
ãҽаװ״һȥ
ˮվڰϣое㺹գҪϷɻÿСѾͷ콣ʱŮʦԼ
СѾͷŮʦôƣ
һθܵ޵ٶȱ̬·ֻҪʱļٷУˮַаӥıбڵеľ磬ͬʱҲڷС

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ڵһ㣬ȵڶڣӴڵϺᡣˮСѾͷ
İͷµİĴͷǺǵЦš
ͳȻͷˡ
ˮ߽ߴĶڣֻֻеǰ߷⾭Ż֣ᷢȻ˭֪һ޼ʵǧͱϵһڶ͹еһ
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ȷе˵ⶴӦ˵Ǻܴ󣬺ǧ𶴱Сֻܶ࣬вһĴСĸֱʮ׵ľ޴綥һ㴣ڶĸλ
ĴʱзɳˮһֻСɽ׾а߰ߵʺסɽҰ޳û
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˵Ĵ۾ʯͷǽϵĶпĵطȥ
ˮ̲סЦ˵ĺ񵰡
ʲôôһһɽϣĹѨʲôˮĿܿȥ
Ŀ֮ûʲô⣬Ҳû뷢˵ĵˮϸĿһ黹ûз֡
˵Ǹһأôأ
ˮæòֺСѾͷһ񳲵ĵطͶʯӣִ˲ġ
ǸǱߡ
СѾͷָһʯǽ˵
Ȼ󿴵ˮɻ￪ĵܹȥһ͹Ĺ⻬Сʯϰһ£һ󿩿ˮǰһţš
ĿռС̫ˣֻ䷿С߶ȵǺܸߺһ˵ľ޴һ۱ӳˮС
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ˮɻʲô
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Ҳֻɢ˴ѹɣݴ½ûνʵ顢ľߡ
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һֱԶתϹǿǿٵתǵ绨״СĽҺοٵת
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ˮվסϲķֵǻ״СĽɫҺαѰСת֮ӴϹת
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ʵغ⣬һ㣬ӲޱȣׯصϢ˵ûбǽôǿȴҲȻ˸оǹϲ
ˮӡֱӶսɾűǽһʽ̽ʹǰѹ֮Ȼˮ΢ЦǺ֮
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ֱɫˮԼ֪˰磬Ͻɾϴһɾ·
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ΧһƬžˮŸű˯СѾͷо֣ϡͿľ̯СʹԼ˵ԼζѵȻϢζǴŮʦɡ
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һҶ迴ˮĿ峺ȻճյĿԼȴǲ֪ʲôֻô
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һҶǺЦ˿ش棬ºͣ籱ʥݻϿᡢҲȲ϶ʤݵƮ¾ݣվں棬˿Ҳǲһһˮһˣʥ캮ض뺷˶һ뺷֮ʤݶţĵط
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ˮվһҶ̾ˮһůһΪСѾͷķôĿġ
ʲô취ȣԪͶ
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ǧһɹСѾͷʮԪ˵еķҵҲʮԪҩʦҩҲʮԪд˵еֻػҩʦռҩʮ㷵;ת𵤡
Ƿ·תûбţȻôĿԪĶ־֪ϡбˮǽʮԪʮ㷵ȻҩҿԵĴĸӰ죬ھתˮ֪ǲǾת굤ֻǸֻزֻǶҩ𣬿ԼյЩֻǱɽһǡ
ˮ˼·ܵԼϣԺҪһʱҲҪռѰݣΪˮ֪ƽʮ㷵ҪĶÿһǿĶ
ʦԪĶ𣿡
ˮĵĿһҶ衣
˿ԪԪûʲôãοƽԪֻܳһΣÿӺ١
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ʦɱƴǼɣôء
ˮ㿪һҶζĿ˵ͬʱ˹


187 ϻ֮ϻ
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ˮоԼԼ֮ӦûеЧ˵ûһЩԪء
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ⲻˮҲԵδҲŻ֮ˮһ콣ھͷЩ飬ֵһҲûõ
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ˮŽ߲ɷ˫Ҳ̾ϷԣǺϻ֣ñ˼˽еˡ


188 ɽˮ
ˮȤĶЩʮŮӣ˫Ȼץס˫˫֣Ǹоߵľ˸ЩҰݻǵβ
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˫ˮôרעĿŮ˵ߴֵֺܹĸоԸˮǷĿϡ˫˵ǵ˫ô£Һܺ棬ǸĿΪ𣿡
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һȥˣˮû߳һÿ춼һҶȴ콣塣
ͻֹٴν콣ڣڽҲȷɣĹеɢÿֻȥһˡ
ؾ콣ȥһˣȻʼ˭ȥԣ˵ǰǺʵ커ϼûȷ򣬵ĬĬš
ͳǸսʤĳ࣬ȻһʤǿҲһؼ
ˮҪʼˣҪҪȥ
һҶˮ˵
ʱɣӦûȥģô࣬һ֡
ˮЦЦ˵ˮȥտʼЩ֮ı
ɣȥ
һҶ˵ͱСѾͷȥ
ͯʦַ֣Ǹ㲻ϲӦǼƷ˰ɡ
һֺһ˧˵
ȻʲôӦǣǶŮǰЩЬ䣬һһ²ķģҪΪڻͯtϲɽⶳһ˲財
ͯtǷɧ˵
ͯʦ𣿡
ֺһ˫˵
ӣͯtʲôʱʧֹÿҶͯүȻûѶȡ
ͯtӲм˵
ǣͯʦδô²Ǳ˵ġ
˸ŲΪ֪ĹâȴЦһ乷βһ㡣
ҪӣӢ۾
ͯtӺٺ˵
ðһ㺹̫ˣӱİɡ
ͯʦ֣ʵи취ʦ־ı˹顣
ӺǺǵ˵ţôʵϡ
Ŷӣ˵˵㳤ĳ㡢ֵ㣬ӻġ
ͯtں˵
ӺǺǵЦ˵ǱϳҲȥʦʵ𣬲˵˶һصҲһ㡣
˵ǺǵĿͯt
ҿӻŹӰ˵ȻҴ޵
ͯt
˵˵𣿡
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һ㶼Ǳн񱣬ϲǣʦΪҪСġռӦòѰɣʱͯʦҪǸʾǫǫȡ˺øУռһҪǡô
˫еĸӳˡ
죬ϳ𣿡
Ĺ涨ʲôʱϳʲôʱϳ𣿡
ãȻ㻹취Һ޲ھȥռռˡ
ͯt˵
ͯt˫΢Цʱȴɭɭ⣡
ʱһУʦװϥѩ׵Ĵϣһ˯βסˣ޵ջ
콣Ժоͻ᲻ԾĳˮǻСӵݣһԺв֣뵽ЩƬʦװϷһ㵭ۺ죬Ϲһ˿΢Ц
ϧЦͣɽⶳЦҲˣŮ˵ķĵһ˿ӵЦǼɱġ
˼콣ڣҲ㡣
ˮʱȴɾп֪һѵõľɫôҲ벻һŮ˻
ڶʼصǶ̨ʱɽ˺һ㡣
һƬƬĽ̨Χʵʵˮϣ콣ڵĳϡִ¶Լ񣬳ָˣҪάֳ콣ڵڸڵĹ
콣һӵ̨ʼˣ
²һд裬ֻǸͻɳһȥӮȡһ´Ӯĳ
һ²Ĺȥˣ
ˮûȥʶûʣˮڶ׼ȥϾ岻һ¡ˮ΢һȥ
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ڶıˣı˺ܶ࣬ϾˣȴǱΪǹºֵģԸֱ֮Żܵġܿͱˡ
˵ʼƵ֣ûвܴӶ̨ģ
ֳһֱʦװ϶̨˼Ϊ˺ȲʣҲúܰ
Ůˡ
̫ˣȻϧһܲ𣬾Իᱻġ
ʦװһ꣬ʦװϳ˺۹ۼһʱֶȻϵ䣬˺Цѡ
ڴҺЦһ˧һɫǹ˶̨Ϲŵ΢Ц˫۾һֱû뿪ʦװ޵
ǹͯҵͯtһﾪΪˡ
ˢ
ʦװһЦĺαᣬЦݿôҪ˵Щǧ̲סһֱӴͯtĻ
ͯtȴЦŶ㿪ˣͯҵţƽʱҪʲôʲôŮ˸ǲȱָͻдŮš
ƫƫϲֿģϲ޵ŮˣŮԽԽϲŮˣԽǴԽȾָڲ˿ͯбͯtʱһͯ󣬶ͬ˸
̨ϣͯtɵĵֵʦװĽһû뿪ʦװµߡ
ͯtռȻǸһζ㿪ʦװĳʱͯtװȥץʦװ󣬲ȴǻǼͦ˵ء
ʦװβסһᵵѸٵһ߳βţӾš
ˣ
ͯtǶҧһ˿ѪҰ׵Ǻ飬ʦװеһеǹһ㣬Ȼ裡
ۣ
һǹ̴ʦװС˶Դ̳ȥ̨棬ѪӰ䣬γһͼ
Űˮոշɵ콣壬ӸµˮǡÿɵʦװǸѪ˵Ĵۣз·ʲôһһ죡


189 ŭɱٴκɱ
ʱŭգŭѾˮķŭ
ˮôһ˲ʧʦװʱܾϲܾϲһĻʱôϣԼĻþ
һ壬ˮ£볤ͷƮɢüɫӡǱѪ죬ˮ컹ôһ˿Ѫɡ
ˮӰúܿ죬ʦװǰסѾȾˣˮʹ޷ĸо
װװ
ˮţʱƳõĽҩһȫ˿ȥóСʣµļһԵȫι£ΪǶɵǱܡ
ΪʲôƲ
ˮúޣһܿת
ʦװ㼸£óŸóʱûʹùĽѸٵĽ˿ڸĶס
ˮǲҰգ΢ȴ˫Цˮ
ЦˣˮЦգȴ̲סϹԴԴϵĹʦװ塣
ֱʱȵļ˲żʦװǰ
װ
ʦã
ˮһϵһЦŮӡ
ʦʦ㣬û£
ʦװĻش
ҪǼ룡
ˮİʦװǸ˵
ֱʱˮŰĿ⿴̨ϣͬʱǸŮӶǷŭĿ̨ϵ꣡
ȥɱ
Ů˵Ҫȥ
ʵҪȥ
ȵ
ʦҡװˡ
ˮȴΧ˼ܶ˶
ĮȻŮ㵵ĿˮӰһתտʦװ
һʼʦװɵҲʱ䣬ȵˮŶ̨ȥʱ˲ŴҺ۽̸
ִݻ̫ÿˡ
һ˵
ȥִÿ
һŮӴ˵
ӣ
ǹͯǷ⣬֣ͯڲ˿ǰ;
һͷ̾
ͯtϲ㣬ϲղѪӣϲͱһǹϲĸо
һŮ˵ܸ߰
׳գ
ûԣ
ʱĿˮϣʱ˭֪ˮʲôʱ϶һѹӵڽİ׽
ȻʦװͯtͱһѪƲ֣ϾղŻģ涨⣬Ը
ȺܷŭȴҲʲôȸȥԷˣȥһʹĸ֣пܶԷֱ䣬ͯҳҲСҲز۵һʤͯtģڲ˿Ҳûм
˭ᰡ
ζϲ
ˮűǽޱ̤϶̨
ʱѾعͯt겻ʦװӾһߵڻûиоҺƫһ㣬ȻԻ
ʹԸоûʮ»ָʱǱˣҪһûŮ˵ӣͺ޵
ԼɵŮ˱סҿǹϵܣ͸΢Цôˣɱ˲΢ЦϧԼ
еĳǹյýģоںɱˣرǰζŮ˵ӡ

ˮǰӢ꣬ӣˮǵһοԼ֡
㣬бɱҡ
ͯtм߳еǹıֱָˮ
ˮвֵһᡣ
ˮȻ¶һ˿̵΢ЦƲεɢһƵϢɢ粨һĻХľʧ
ͯtһʱˮˣһ죬쵽ʯ쾪еıǽһѤû˿ıΪֻȫסԷܻˮѹֵķŭ
ͯҵˮͷųѹ˲ɫˣһ˿籼׵Ŷ̨ȥŭȣСӣҡ
ھˣһҲ󣬱ǽѹĺͯtźᵵǹϡ
һĽĦĴ̶һ¡
ֳһƬžˮվ
ۣʣ̫ˣ̫ÿˣ
·˼۷Ź˵
Ҫô;ͺˣǺ˵ĸоһŮһˬ
·˫ζ˵
·˼ף
еĵѪһ˱ԶڶѵǹպڴʱҲվ̨ϡ
ң˵ҸҲң
ˮ۾ˣˮ֪ϼһŮʦʵֻǿ
ttͷһϬĽ۾ѪĿˮҪÿԵ죺ΪʲôҪɱΪʲô
ΪʲôΪ
ˮվ·ϰѪ㣬죬ĸо
Ҳ
콣ھۼһ飡
ҪҪȥ
˵
Ҫȥ
һҶ踴ӵ˵
Ϊʲôͯͯϼһ˵ǿģҲļ۷ʵ
࿴һҶЦЦ˵
ܶԸˡ
໹϶ǴĿһҶ裬Ȼֿ̨ͦεӰ
ô㲻ޡ
ˮ۾Ŷֿ˵еѪڡ
ͷͬһǹһɶϸǹʵһ˸оһѱһƷԼ֮ɢѹ
˵۾ڶǹͯtӣͯҵδ̤ϲ˿۷̤˿Ҫһϧһжǰ˸ݻˡ
СӣҽҪΪtָ
ͷ裬ŵǹϾȻ˻˻
ǹǱȻܷ˵
ˮɢĻХͶԷ໥ִһʱ֮䣬Хµ˾ȵĿһĻ
˶ˣһǹ˴ǹǱһˮ
Ӽһǹ˰㣬һһˮХ

ǳ֮ıǽǺӻӳʹ㽣һһʹ
ˮһӴͷ˵ǹ죬ΪˮͶԷǹײȻоǿȻ˵ǹ𿪣ȴֶԷûʲôӳ
ԷǸĿˮ
֪ǹԵһĹԷȻû»ܽԼǿҪ
һεǹβһĴų֮ɨˮˮȻ㽣ֻǽ³һȦɫʵһ壬ٴεǹǹͷϡ

һеֵ֮һ븽һĹõǹһ㲻ˮһԶ
ˮĽһѹ£ХҲѹס
ͻɽƣ
㽣̽ͻɽ֮ӰεײǹϣˮӴϹ֧û˿仯ͯѪ߰ߡ
ˮȻնݳ֮£˾ͲŹСɱˣϵҲûµıҪͯҵĶԹǽں
Ҫ𣬻ȥ׼°ɣ㻹аʱ
ˮսŶѾɫҰ׵ͯû˿˵


190 ִݻ
ͯˮδйϮӢĩ·˳ĺ
ͯ·ĿȻҲŹ㡣
ͯˮƽ˵֪ԼܿҪˡ
ĿҲܣߣûãʲôҲնݳֻҪңǡ
ˮν˵
ǻȥͯĻȥүӣ꣬겻Ҫ߳ǹǣ
˵Ѫ¡
ͯͯʬ̧ߣͬʱǹضǹ
̨ϻָûټȥͯʵȻߣͯǹǹ弶Ҳǡ
ǹͯڲ˿ҲŵϺŵңرͯмͷÿһѺǹʵǲףǿһֻȰﾭγһ˵һѺǹǷͰﾭγ˭Ӯ˭仹һ
ˮϵʲôʵʦ֪𣿡
ζرʵ
һ治֪
һҶ費˼ЦЦϾͽǿʦϹʣͽܱʦǿ󣬶ûʦͽ֮е˷˼ˡ
ͯߺˮ׼̨ʱһŮ϶̨˷欣Ϣˮ֮ζĶǣ㷢磬һֱۣͦıӣ΢̵ӣСˮĲģ˼С졣
׼ΣԲ̵ͦĸյôһ˫ֱ޳˫߶֮ҡҷˡ
ۣϻŮҮ
Ҳ֪˭һ䡣
ϻţ˭ӵһϻŵŮҸˡ
忴̨ϵŮһ˵
ϻŵŮӲƯǹһϻŵɰ
һȵ˵
ֵ˵ǰϧϻŵ̫̣Ҳ޵˫֮˵Ů˫ˡ
һиŵ
ˮŮһۣòǰŮӺƯ˫ȾɫҲѶãˮʱʦװֱƹŮӡ
Ҫ
һԵŮܺͻȻ£ˮһ
ֻɱˣ
ˮסȥĻرǻԸе촽˷ĳ嶯
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ˣûգҶ֡
ˮ˵̤뿪
ǵĸղŵǷȵŮ𣿡
Ůסˮȥ·ʵ
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ˮֱñǽŮӵļϣһǸ£ͷĶ쳣̶Ůӱһ˵վȣѾһ˿졣
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˫۷ĿˮһҶ˵
һҶ迴ƽȴǷӣǰ컹˵СѾͷʶϰ䣬СѾͷƨɵˣһº͵ˣôҲ԰̨ϵˮʶˮص
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ǸŮӶһã
˫ĬĬĿˮһУϴŵ΢ЦȴǧͷȻճյվš
ˮʦװߵһҶǰûſڣΪˮе㵣ϲʦװ塣
ߣǻ塣
һҶ˵ͷȥ
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һҶʱоܹ죬һءôϲӣȴǿ˲ϿԼһۣиоԼһЩ·ˡ
оеŤоеİʧ䣡
ȷԼûаʦӣΪʲôڿԼĵĮеѹء
һ·ˮûпԽһҶԽǸоڣԼˣϲŮǺģʲôĵġ
뿪һҶ΢ЦĿˮǵǵı飬Сʵ⣬ڰӳǵΪݺ¥ǸŮϰ塣
Сӡܿѩɺ£ˮʦװ£΢Ц˵ʦлл㣬æȥɣ
ôӾҪԶˣҰˡ
һҶЦЦ˵
ôᣬ˵㿴˵ôʲôҲˣܰʲô¡
ˮ˵
˵ôѧˣҵıҲҪռ
һҶˮһ˱ѩɺס
ҷı࣬ûбȥҷȥ
һҶ˵оԸϽֱűѩɺȥ
ˮһЦŰʦװԼķ䣬ķԼĴϡ
һʦװ˿ں󣬽Ÿȡ£Сͽҩ۶ѾãõĻǽ롣
ΪʦװϱӺˮٺЦţԼӣҲö࣬Ҫȥʦǽ輸ˡ


191 ԭŮҲҪС
ˮЦǺǵһҶ跿ȥŴСͥԺһ¥һҶסһס¥¥Ҳֻ㣡
Ϊˮüο¥ǳ׵ٻӰˮǡᳵ·һ̤µС¥
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رһϣСѾͷ¥ϺţǺ͹ùһ˯
ʱˮһˣȻӯŮãʲôʱҲԼ
ƿһСͻͬһҶͬ󣬵ȴǼʣѩ׵ɳѩ׵ǽںѩ׵ĵذ壬һȾ
һϲɫһϲѩףʹ¶ˣ뵽СѾͷһҶɰѩһ㣬ãСѾͷƯɰҪ
ɳм鲢һ¹ͬҲѩ׵ɫˮȥое죡
ˮһһԼûϢֻȥŮķѣֵôûǰ;
ƿѩ׵ҵţҺˮƽҺССʲô̶ȣֻһŴһ¹
ĴСŸպò˯ˣżѩ׵ı죬ģˮҲడ
򴲱ߣһɵζӣˮܵĺڣţŮʦϵζһһ
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ˮ㱧׼ߣ۾ȴĶסˣѩ׵С㡣
ԭŮҲҪС㡭ˮ۾ѩ׵С㳹סˣ۾ôҲŲǱġջޱȵС㣬ˮűӵڳһֻȻħһС㡣
ץкˮȴǺ˷ܣ⻬һɵζͷ䡢Ůʦϵζһһ
Ƭ̣ˮоԼǲǺǸղžħһܿƣˮϽ£ҲƵ뿪С¥
صԼ俴ʦװ˯ˮְʦװӸһӣȻɾץһֻڹꡣ
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Ļĸоֹ˰ûжװ򲻳
ˮ뱧Ц
⣬ҳˮеʦװرջ
ɡ㲻˺óʱ䣬һʦװߵֱˮش϶ҿˮ
ˮʪëֺȴǹŽĻһ㡣
һ˵ζʦװŵζȻϸϦһ㣬糺Ŀѣ뵽ϴξǺˮС¥ŮϵˮľζԶˡ
˵Ļģ龰ÿλ죬Լôô˵Ķ᲻ῴԼ᲻ԼǺŮˡʲôأô񡣡
ˮһʮȫ΢Ц˵
ʦװˮĻһȻˮһϤڴ齱ϣȻҨһ״
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ˮĿʦװǲɻ˰ʵΪʲôôʣﰡ
˵ϴεߡ£˵Ҵݡ㣬ǲǿŮˣϴǱҩġ
ʦװеҧ˵꣬ߵģˮ˵Ŀɰ
ΪʲôأǸϴȷʵҺҰҺϲϲһҰֻܶһҰ
ˮٺٵЦţѾ̵յԸеСϡ
󻵵ˣ
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װٸ˵˵˺Ů˵鰡
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ˮ˵ʦװ˫ĮĴ۾ɻĿˮɻͻɡ
˵˵Ǻˣҽ˵ͺã߳Աͺá
ˮһʮȫιջĺ촽С
ʵϣԼŮ˶ׯƯ߹ţʳĮ˪Ҳãñ˿ָ߲ʵŮˡ⣬˿ġڼϣԼŮ죬죬аģ۰ТˣûºԼϺԼڴҪȻ죬޷ŵһãԽԽá
ˮڨڨЦſѾ̧ͷʦװ
ȻͳĬˣˮҲһһ׵ιʦװһ룬ȻȥҨһ룬һһι£ڶһҪι
㵱
ʦװԵ
µҪǶƯ˭ȥŮˣɴȥˣ
ˮֱӰѾ͵ʦװߵС׵Լ
ʦװСײ֪ղŵԼжٴΣڱ̲סһر뵽⻵ղŵһǲģ
ˮ˼룬컹磬ˮϹʦװ˿ڣ˿ڸɽ̱Ԫε棬ˮƵõĽҩиǼӹλƽҩѪǺüС
ʦװˮڸġҺˮӣǰ۾һߣ


192 ˺ͻķֱ
ɽͯҵ˳ñһĽ׶ΣرͯǰĻ͸ͯҵԣ
ͯһ·ͯ˴ͯˣΪ𣬲Ҫű𣬶Ұ겻Ҫǹǡ
ʾˮ콣ڱ̬˵ԺľȾָ˿˼
˲ԣһ콣ڵСѵѾ߱ò˿ǹʾ˴ʣ
ѵ콣СȻǿ˵زͷ׵ϼһȴҡͷ̾Ϣһ۾ͿеĶ֮
ˮȻûеڲ˿ߵĵز콣ڵı˭ܶһʮꡢʮܳɳһʲôĸ߶ȣͯһѣ֪ɱСӵʱҲԡ
ͯĺԶͯҲ֪ǰѰ𣬱Ѿվסţ콣ڻͯҵóѣһպʮʮͯҺܱܿĺСɱ
ﾭγ΢ЦſűǰÿҪǧ֣ܶϾǧҲ˼ĸ֣ΪﾭγʵһҶ趼ⶼǹܡ
ˮʮҩʦ޷ҽεƲκãʵǻָ˼Բ磬ҪˮҲ콣ڵˣԺ콣ڷʶһ֮ҲôƮڡ
еȻ죬ˮʦװʱСѾͷ
ʦװȴ͵ĿˮƯе㲻񻰵СŮ۾ˮһ㣬Ľë΢΢̣ɰСһžһʣʦװ۾ȺţȻֿˮ
ʦװСѾͷһգգȻٿеεˮЦʲôʱôŮ̫Ưˡ
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ҲǼģǼģĶƶ
ί˵ţ˫۾ﶼΣʱĿܡ
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Ѿͷǲŵʲôζˣܵ
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СѾͷЦæ˵ǣȻ۾ƮˮСԴаʮȫȡ̺Ŷ
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СǲѵģرСĺӣֻģ۾ĻŮСǰҲǳªģԽСĺӸӦûƶԽǿС׶˱ס޸ͣ
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193 ̻䡢
ڵʱһҶ콣ص壬һﲻˮȥñӵ飬ڣֻϣˮҪң¹Уˮûüȥñӡ
ԼرһңʹˣԼŵӱˣѾоҪˣΪϸջµСûüʰѹڱӵµģչ¶ڴôۣұץĺۼôԡ
˲䣬Ů糺ϼȴͣ
ˮˮ
ԽԽԼС㾹ȻС˭֪СӻЩʲôһεĽˮĳֽˣ곤߻߶оȻζڰﾭγ̨չ¶˼Բ۷壩ʵѾȥսϾ콣ڻһֻ۷Ĵڡ
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һһЩֱӴ̨ͷ
ʮĽֻͱˣɵ½뿪εĽ콣ǴһΣﾭγ˺ٴζãˮ콣Ÿ콣ڽӴԺ֮ǡ
󼸺Ⱦָ˿ļɳϼ˶ûг֣
ʦװˮס˼죬ɽ޴󰭸ŷ뿪ʱˮоʦװԶԼһ㺣ɽⶳһѾڻ
⼸ˮһҶڶԼоԼǹޱȣˮܲѵΪԼùıӣ
šˮͻȻ뵽ԼǸС㡭ˮɵˡ
ʧ֡ûо鰡
ˮںޡˮԼʱоŮʦСе㲻ص͸ϽӵϡԼʱߡͲ鷳ˣһи¡ỳԼոմСʲôɡˮоأбҪһ£ȻǱֲĿ⿴ԼܲˣԽԽסˮֱܵһҶ¥£˳
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һҶͷͮͮģˮ˵̫ˣֹûʱ䣬رԼСԻһ㿪ģΪԼԭеλġҾΪ˵Щ
һҶƽ˵
ǰҼ㿴ҵһĴ壬ҺñŤҪ˵Ȼ˯š
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һҶˮ˵ûԼСʲô飬е㺦ʵе֣һСʲô֪ˮкܶ߰Ķǵ;˵鼮ʲôпģһЩµġ󣬺ܿ͵ʱˣ콣ڵһƬϲ죬ˮһιʱһ⣬֪һȥˣˮ뵽ң˼Ҳɵңׯ龰
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ˮ˼̧ͷһҶŴСʹ׵ŮǵСһƮ죬Ŀѣԡ
ôˣ˰ɣ
һҶˮһһǸоĪܡ
ףôûףҪסȴͻȻµ˵š
ˮһҶȻ۶ϣâСѾͷ
ﰡʵùþףǵտʼʱĵ㲻˵ùã㿴ǲǳĺǶ׵ˡ
ˮεĳڱϾС˵ʲôҲţģΪֻܳˣĺڼڡ
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ˣɾеĹˣȴѾûʹˣˮ͸һҶСѾͷҲǻܲ١
ˮʵһֱʲôʱܰɾĲ㣬ԪСѾͷǷܹԻ⣬ĲɾǲǿСѾͷһ㡣
һֱ²ɾŮйϵŮӻɾΣǲǺŮ˻þͻɾüˮȥЩǮͿŮˡ
ˣ¹͹ʯ£콣ɽԶһѾ޴¹ⱦһбָ񷣬£
ˮһҶСѾͷ콣ɽҹ䣬ˮǻ᲻ʱķһԶŮܶӶ콣ڵĻҲִ£ŮȻֻģ¹ңʱĴ
һˮһҶ費ǽǵĻӵĶͣε˵ʦãˮϺá
Ǵ·ˣǼ
ˮǺ˵ǺһҶ趼Ǹоԡ
Ǹ콣ڲֹŮðɣ
ˮǺ˵
һҶһԹĿˮһۣˮװû仰ʵЦɷ־޴󣬲˵ͺڣֻϣܸϿȥ
Ը콣ڲֹģҲ̫ˡ콣ڵܵȻҲŵƽʣһƬϲ죬վɽϿԶ˿ǵҹǸо޷ȡ
ʵ콣ڹʱִڵĵӣǿԻؼҹꡢ̽׵ģжµʱġ
ˮһҶСѾͷιʱû⵽һ˳˫ˮһҶվһһɰޱȵСŮʱоܺгܰ䡢ܰиоһʧ䡣
˵Ŭ׷ҵģ˵ҪŮˣΪʲôȴԶߣΪʲôߵ˲ңΪʲôԽԽİ
˫ĬĬĿˮһҶӰԽԽģеǷˮʧҲԽģֱʧ
˳䣬ȻŤͷȥ


194 ƵĴ󻹵ҩ
ʱˮںһҶ趺СŮĿأⲻ֪һѾŬĺۼĨ
ȻصʱطȺ¹°С磬ĵ˵ŶСƣҲ̸Ů˵ġ
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ﾭγЦǺǵ˵
ǧҲǺЦһҶˮˮƤ΢ЦСѾͷҲǵ˫۾Ҫͱ˱۾һ㡣
һҶЦЦĿСѾͷϣǳ֣Ȼˮ֣·𿴵ʲôչһЦҡҡͷ
ﾭγЦЦúããҲϲô㱳Ķ̫࣬Ҳ÷ˣʱ˷Ҳʰˡ
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һҶ迴Űﾭγ˲ڵʦɲǵĴʦ֣ҲĻǰ׵ĸоﾭγุ
˵ĪСѾͷĻǿˮѵˮԼʲô𲻳ɣ
뵽ԺԽԽǿоһң뵽ڶ̨Ͽ񱩱һĻƽʱιСѾͷԷʱºʮӣ֪оǸѶȴǺˡ
Һһ
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˵ЦǳϵЦˮɽпһĻ
ղŵѩ׵壬Ľ£ĿĽЦˮоȻĽ
ĳŮ˾ȻֻϲŮˣˮо˷ѵĸо
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ʱˮһҶСѾͷص壬һˮҲ˷ʱ䲻
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ˮͣŽҩľһţӴľѾٻҪɾһܵʱ䡣
һԾ׳֦ɢǿϧжϲʲôҪʱҲ̫̬ˣҲˮÿνɾǰǷ񿪻ѾΪϰߣ
ɾеҩݿһ飬ЩȻֻʱȴʵѾҩ䣬ˮӴһƬ͸оһ㣬Ȼڴ½ҩݲʲô󣬰ЩҩݾͻȫΪǧҩݣһ뵽һƬǧҩˮ̲סʱֱӰá
ѪˮĽɾתһ飬ָɾϸһ飬Ժ󼸺Ͱɾ컺תһ飬ֻ治СʮĶصӿǺܴһġ
ʯûʲô仯ôϣǸĲּдѿֻƽҩڰߣˮԣһڹְĽų죬ⲻǴ̼ԱߵЩֻſŵڹ𡭡һˮĵ۾󻹵ҩľ鹻ˣϸ΢ˮ˵
żˮʶĴ󻹵ҩ
󻹵ҩ֮ǧ¹סѪɫ軨ǧϰѪǧڹѪǧ껢Ƿۡβ֮֮֮֮޻ǧѪɺ
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ˮƵŬԼҩ֮û־֪ǷѪɫ軨Ȼھݴ½Ҳûмǧ¹׺ǧڹѪֳɵģǧ껢ǷۡܲܰСѾͷİѩεɡοֻϻǧꡣ
βˮͷۣǰǷβëݴ½ûз˻Ǹδֳ֪֮֮֮ɵģ֮ȥ͵ǧϰǧ껢Ƿ۸ң޻ǧѪɺ͸ˮΣһƮ٣һںסⶼʲôҩ
ˮε̾ЩҩֻΪٺõҩҲϻʲôã
ˮôϣѷβȥˣ߾һβ͵ҩݣȻǰ˱βϵëһ־ͷϰѪǧ껢ǷۣǧѪɺе뷨
˿󻹵ĹЧҲҪĹЧɣ
󻹵Ч߶ɵۺʵ߶ʮԪʱˣúڰʱʵһʱһʱ䣬ÿ˽޷һһţֻˣʱһʵʱһʱ䣡
ˮĿҩЧɵۺʵ൱СʮԪһЧʱһʵʱܵвʱͻȻʵһ֪һһںܶʱ򶼲ڶô򵥣
ˮĿҩЧֻȷŵ棬ɨ棬һ仰һյʮ飡
յʲôҪʮ飬ʮĴ󻹵ѾоƣңңڣԼһ֮ҲЧƲʧˮоرƣܾȥһҩĵҩ
ˮ˦뷨Ͼھݴ½һжпܣǰֱӿԽҩȥһǮһĴõĸˡ
ǸԪʮЧˮ뵽ƳҲӶʮԪͿʮ꣬ʮʱԼͻкܴҵЩԾСѾͷҩ
ˮΣŽɽζܵģָо޷ĸоˮѻХͷţѷҲųȥ
̫ȭֻ÷һĴ̫ȭȭž޴õģһĴš


195 ĵһѩ
ĵһ죬ҹ콣ɽܶ˶һҹδ˯һĳҲֻʣûмˡ
һˮȻƮŷ׷װѩѾһѩһƬװعױȣ
Ӧǰҹµѩѩ׷֮꣬ѩˮϲѩأϲһ޼ʵİããĴҲϴһ㡣
ߵǰѩУ׼ȭˮﴩĺµĻתȦЦſеķѩһʤѩһҶ裬ڷ׷ѩ̤ѩŮƮûĿѣԡ
ףʳ̻ŮѾˮ֪һһЦ֮϶ԾղϵŮôɽһĴȴʤڳףͬļˡ
ѩˡ￪Žš
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һҶվһ߾ĿǰĻ棬ϲĻ棬оôܰǵСʱҲôġһʱ֮΢ЦĳճյĿˮСѾͷ
һ黢θòã
ˮСѾͷһЦǺǵĿ˵
ţáã
Ȼ崩ĺģС忴ȳ¹óҲˮ۾һСɵԾĽǡô
ʩչˮоӵĵǿﻢһʩչȻΧɢ΢ƣС첲Ҳһֻ͵СϻȻ֪εľڡ
ĵѾһ룬ˮǸ̾СѾͷʿ£һŹǰ;˵Ԫˮ
˺ˡơЩĶѾʩչˮһ㣬ˮѧϰκζֻѧԼ֮еľݹ
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һҶԼ֣ˮɻĿԱŮ񣬲֪һֱʲôֻ֪Լ﷢
СѾͷԵˡ
ˮһҶĻЦЦԴϴʦװߺˮŪ˸ˮءڹŪȥ٣˸ԣΪһҶڰǳԹԻˮʲôطǸоֱĿڸкãԴϴʦװʱСѾͷԹһκСѾͷԵġһҶҲˡ
һĵģһٴ緹һҶһֱЩ㶣ʱûĸоˣΧСѾͷֵĳһ١Բָо˵еӦûǸĻɡ
ĵһ죬ԶĵĹѩ򣬲ϵĴЦ
ʦ˵ݴ½ж󣿡
ˮӸµĿԶһ޼ʵҰӴĲ˿ǺңԶҰҲС
¾ݣû֪жΪûߵͷطһЩ֮أȥʲôΪҲûлÿ겻֪ж˻Щδ֪Σ
һҶ迴ˮĲ˵
治֪ǿЩǵʵѾﵽʲôزǲǻӾʣʦһݴ½𣿡
ˮͷһҶ˵
һҶˮĻʵһ㶣û⣬ѵԼһȥ½
һȻ򵥵о޴ӻش̾įҡҡͷеãĿԶ
үӵǾ仰ǵ𣿷ҲŻᷢǲʰʵϲûķ¡
ˮ˵
һҶã˫ĿˮĻǱ貵Ŀ⿴ˮ桢桭ˮǳĿиоеԲӿһƬѪɫһҶһȣԭҲ᲻˼ߵɰġСѾͷԶˮĶһ뿪һҶ裬ˮͦεıӰһҶǳǳЦݱԽԽ͡
ʱˮȥ˫ȻûмˮʱڳΪϵˮڶ̨ϲҵһĻŮӻе㷢ˮ΢Ц˵Ҫ˫ʱ
ŮӺܿ뿪ǰȥϢ
ܿŮӻǵϤٻӰûг֣ˮе


196 㣬ݹ֮
֪Ϊʲôˮоķ·³ĿŶŮӣ֪Ϊʲô
˫˵æܼˮϣһ˵ˮԺҪˡ
һŮС˵ţҲǹĿˮ
ˮںãǰũûǮûʵҲûвպʲôֵҫģԱͱʱʲô׷ŮˣԽƯԽԽŮˣˮ˱ᣬҲͺƭоǿ
һǰǸǿŲƵԱǷչ۷壬ʹڣȻŮǰûţĺǿ
Ůˣ˭˵ŮˣˮȻʵϲϲϲˮɣ˳Ȼ¸¥ʦװ
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˺ܾˮ忴һۣʲô˵ȻԼΪʲôʹҵϲ˿ֱ˵ԼЦֻǶѡ
ԳЦЦžȻת·ҪһжĨȥ󲽵Ż·ȥһĸоǰޱȡ
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ˮʱʧõ飬ʲô˵ǽıԼһ㣬ʱһɫĶûС
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ˮɿһ㣬Щ㲾գʲôʱˣһģܣҶһУʵҺ㣬㲻ϲңҲ㲻֣Ҳ뿴㲻ĵӡ
ˮĲˮĻĶĲҲɢͷճյĿ˫ۡ
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ˮһ˫еղĿţջȴžûж
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ˮĿǰļˣΪԼˣǰЩʦװԼ飬Ҳû׵
ˮֱӵͷԸ΢̵С죬ĸоסĴקţ˱ţ
˫ֻ֪ıˮĲӣ죬ҧţˮʵ˲أֻ绨ĴŪ˱һ
Ǹоر̺գ뿴ϸļžĶǵ
ϡͷϡֱͦһǣһֻͻأǽϣǵԾԲ̵ΰץһ¡

ˮƵóѵٴ촽ͷԵص˽ȥס˫ĶС࣬˱еĽҺɾô·һ˲һ˫һˮеͷһۡ
Բ˭ǡһžҧȥ
˫ſЦһѪˮε˵
һûѪҳѪˡ
ˮЦŲǵǵѪ˵
˫ϾҹӴܳʱ䣬Ҳ֪ģˮ٩ߵǲҧᣬ컬ࡣ
ˮСŮ˵ٴαססǺÿ촽һ̣һκ׵Ľͷ쵽˫ĿУСԼҧ£ɿҵߣˮٽȥһӵǲǴľҲңˣ
˫ˮѩš
Ҳ֪Ҹղųȥ㣬ΪҵҸõأʵҶԼûʲôģҸоеץס㡣
ˮһѽ˫ᱧһ󾪽УܿͰˮС
ϴΰҽⶾ˵һеѡ𣬼ʹҲѡҲȥʱҸоСȻеС棬ɸо㻹Ǹк㳤ˣˣҺܿģߵŮҲʼˡ
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ɾһ㿪Զһһ죬ÿνʮţÿſٽҲҩÿţã
ɾڶ㿪Զһݹһ죬ÿνʮţÿſٷʮٶȣҲҩÿšٶԿһٴٷʮٶȣ
ɾ㿪Զһһ죬һʮţÿſӶ࿹ٽķţãҩ
ǧĻƽҩ꣬ȡѪҺҩԴκһֻͨ޵ҩϡ
ˮĿĲ㣡
ɾĲ㿪Զһƹһ죬һʮţÿſԪţãҩ
ˮжʹˣСѾͷʮԪҺʹƴ󻹵ҩҲһ֡
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ǧϰһֻȡѪҺҩԴκһֻͨ޵ҩϡ
ˮڶҪˣûⲻȱʲôʲô𣬵ƽҩǧϰͿԶκͨ޵Ĳϡ
һͩһãһֻ񣬿ɳɰսϹŷ˺ᣬһ˿Ѫ
ˮһγɵˣֻһ䡰һֻ񣬿ɳɰսϹŷ˺ᣬзѪˮ̲סĿԶǿͩ˵ͩŵģˮɾñǿ̫ͩˣߴ֦ҶïĿϸֱȻʮ֮࣬ҪɾĲ㣬ҩҪꡣ


200 ˮ޻
˿̵ˮоǷ·תû뵽ͻȻԼ붼û뵽ľȻʵˣȻǰһֱһֻޣɲ֪ʲôʱʵĿóڴˡ
ջˮ滹Ʒ
һ꣬ʮɲժҶζϡϡϵȣ
һ꣬ʮɲժҶζϡϡϵȣ
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ĲɾĽɾ󵽲Ķ֮ˮɻţѵɾĲҲǸؼĲĽȽϴ
ǰֲֻĽ㽱һֻĲȻвֻǧϰһֻҪǿˡɲμսǿޡһֻ޼ģǿˮš
ˮˮʱǱһǧĻƽҩֻ״Сɫǧϰˮ׵״СϥǸߵĺȣ΢΢ţˮصɢİ׹⡣
ĲɾˮҲ˲һڹ궼ɢ˺ö࣬ˮǿþ޴ͩ߹ȥ
Ϊˮ뿴ֻʲôӣˮ֪лĴںͷִһֵĸӦˮ߱ǵӦһ¡

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ѩɺ׺Ͱǿ٣
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ˮֻ˵˵û뵽ȴԻķУˮ˼
ˮΪ֪ԼĲ²⣬úͻĸӦû־ٶϵɣˮޱȡ
ɾϾСܸٷУˮȥԼĻٶȺ
ʱҪ߳ʱˣˮϴϴ·ֱӳɾٳǰǱ顢ҩ;˴ӡҳźãҪĻݺĶ
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ֱڴϢϾϻ˯ɣȥ뷨콣ڵĸעͲˣֻҲһġ
һˮˣֱг񣬵һγĻ˷ܣһͻţɢǿϢˮеȡ
ɾˮ͸оǿϢû뵽ɾҲǿأоɢôһ˿ѪϢ˰ɡ
ˮԾϻ񣬲ˮԸֱϾһ㣬һӴ˫ѸƿնȥһҶպÿվڻͦεӰ
ȻôҲ²컹ҪˮͻȻվһֻ޴ޱϣҪֻϢǿĽ콣ڵػޡ
һҶԴˮֽǿˣҲķԼᾪˣʲô鷢ġ
ˮվڻ鼱ٷеĿУ־緢ĸо˸оһɺŵϢĵ𣬿ŵµľݴ½ĴúӴ֮ŷվڻϵվڱѩɺסϵȻͬġ
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ϧûг죬ҲˣˮоҪһޣǰޡرǷеޣΪܳ־÷С
ڵʵʵķԾڵ˵ĵһڵԽǿޣʵҲԽǿ
ˮĴһ㣬Ǵδй㣬һֱΪûһֻޣߴ½ֻӳ٣Լķޣߴ½ļƻҪǰˡ
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ƯĴ񡣡
СѾͷĺš
ˮ£СѾͷǰŻëĵĿЦţˮ򵭵΢ЦһҶ衣
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ʦҿҪ뿪
ˮᱧߵСѾͷ˵
ţҲ֪콣ڲĹޣĴģѾʦˣֻ콣ڵĹϣԺκɡ
һҶ迴ˮһˮоĶ
ˮ̾ձеѹ֡
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201 ˫֮
֪СѾͷ㲻õģһ취ģҰһ㹦д㣬ԺҪش
ˮɢСѾͷעĺһҶ˵
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ʱĻǿ찡
ˮٴʱѾûվڵŮӣҲʱĻеӳ壬ŮһԵ߳
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Ҫȥһʱ䡣
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˫Ĭˣͷһ仰Ҳû˵ˮҲû뵽һֱӴԼ

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ˮԴϴκ˫ϵͻһᳵ·˫촽Ĳ϶ԷĶСࡣ
һ˫쳣ˮС쵽ˮкˮͷ׷𣬱˫۵˫
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ˮʱӲϹˮ˫ƺʲô֮Իסûж
ʱҴ죬ˮ춼СѾͷȹģһҶ輸ҲǾߣˮе㲻ԣȻϲԼߡ
ˮȵ֮Ѿˣˮ֪ԼҲ뿪ˣһˮûȥ˫ֱȥ
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ͥԺû˿أˮߵͥԺ߳࣬ˮ̲סǰһڿеǸྫܺãԸе͹ˮﶼˣغͷûݣΪط˷Եظͦκεķ顣
ˮڳŮ˵ķ΢Цɢ쾡£ŮˣŮ˵ζŮ˵ķ顢Ů˵ζ
ˮ
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ˮܵĿ޵ݵȻ󻺻룬һ˲ˮ֮Уˮ֪ôһһй
Ҳ֪ˮҪ뿪ر飬ˮʱˮԵĸоһɾȻ˽ϴԼ壬ˮһаġ֮һԥʱǹɾﵽǽɫҺδһȦҲӽܽʵ١
ˮŲѵʱоԼϵһеϹתһ˳Žϴ塣
ȻˮоһڸղźܶԼ壬ҺκͽҲһȥˮ֪Ӧòʧ
ˮ֪Ĺֻڵһʱоǹɽľܴ߲Լʵ𽥼٣һֱڳΪһڱٵһҪһ㡣
·ҲоȵĿˮ˽ϴͻɬıܿرǡ͡ң߷ʦòã


202 ټϵŮ
ԥһҲ뵽ˮܿҪˣɬķſţԲѩ׵β߸ֱӰڱ¡
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ڶûˮϻɽ·ȥֻˮûпɽǷ˴ԼӰĬĬĿȥ
һɽˮûٶȻ˼ȥˮȥ˸ûˡ
ʱˮϵ˼䣬δȻ䲻ˮ߽˼ֱ¥ȥ
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203 ˰ﰴĦ
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˫ֽӴˮ壬Ȼһ·Ǹоȣһ˵µϢ˱ǶĻţûиоϢôǿҶĻҡ
ż򵽱ϣѹĦơáࡢꡢ㣬ˮǸˮ±ѨҲ֪֪඼ˣرϵѨܼһһ
ҽϰĦַ̼ͨƤ⡢ؽ񾭡ѪԼܰ͵ȴٽֲѪҺѭ³´лӶٽȻٽ֢գ⼡ľκʹĦͨ硢Ѫɢֹʹ˿Ƽ͸ʹ֤ˮġֽ֡Ϲ¸е̳
ˮ˯ȥϧãܴʱ˫ħԼѹͰѹرϸꡣ
ˮϢأȴ֪ʱ뵽ᵱУΪ¾ǡϴ⻵СӾȻԼβ˸飬ģǸоһƬհ׷ڰԨһ㡣
ҧĻָˮƨϣһץˮĽг
û࣬ݺݵˮƨץһѾ֣۾һƬۺ죬ˮֻˮ


204 ϲĴ
ֲǲ֪ҽеĻһǰ㰴ˣ
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߼˵˵ֹˮûУ˵ôҲֹסӿз
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׾ű׾Ķ̺ޱȣ˺ǿ񱩣Ȼ忴׾˫ȴޱȡ
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ˮ֪ܻʵѾﵽһ뵽ߵľ磬񽣼һ㣬ˮܻѾﵽһ߾硣
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ֻϹǿϣԼǰң


206 ҶС
ˮһֱϲŻص׺ºͻЪϢأӴػʱˮһůŮӹһԼˣ
ˮмģǰˮһΪŮӻԼڽŶŮӣһԵžɫŮ˵ů
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ȻоĿеѶȣĿҲͷˮ֪ͻƣʤԼֻҪҵʵҩƳԼյҩ
ʱˮţʱڲ׺ߴţˮеЦҲежѾͷȲʦҲԼ
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207 ݳǡһĲ׺
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뵽ǵǿıӰˮ͸оᣬ̲סκϮȫе䡣
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ۣǣ
׺һǵ
ˮʱ֪ôԾŮҲҲСŮһɰ
£ǽܽѣǴûдġ
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£ƺǳƺǸ¶Ů˵ġ
ˮôҲԼ۾ƽʱǸ顢Ц°һеŮҲһ档
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׺Ȼô˵ȴ𾪸׶ˮۣŸ˵ܺþѾˣû뵽˸ܲǵһ˵֣Լʵô͵˲࣬رˡ
ǰˣСӵʵ
ˮ仰ʱ˵ʵڣΪˮо˵ʵȻɲ⣬Ҫ֪۷Ĳ׺ҲǿԸܵǿ˸ֻܲһܡ
Ѿʽ׶Σ
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ǻ˵ˮǰɣǺǻһͻǵһμôرˡ
е˵
ˮһθܳŮ˵ʵˣòһӣȲ׺ǿࡣ
ѵǸոͻƵʾ磡
ǰˣҸоһҶоУڸоһǳǳҪ
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ܿŮ˼᲻డСӣ֧㣬ȻƳǣһʲôҲ׺Ǻܶӵġ
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ˮӶӶ¶ĵ΢Цò׺¸ом䱻ĸо
˵ֽв׺׺ˮоֲҰоֻǰӲŵ֡
ߣȥȵ㣬ﻹһЩþƣ
˿ĵ˵ȥŮֵ


208 ڱʯŮ
ˮɾ֮Ƿ˵ǢرۣܰƯŮ¶˿ζرŮζ츾еļƷ츾ɢǷӺݻ֮ЩɬѾͷϲϵġ
׺Ӻ;ٶµӦϲȾƣϲȺþغþƣ׺ĸӦòǺ޳ɲ׺ȾƵģֻˮ벻ͨǰԺȾƺھݴ½Ʋ壬ƻһӪƷοǿ֮뱻ͨľ˵ѣܡ
ˮĲ׺ӲǺܹº͵һŮ˵֣Ŀǰˮûзв׺׺ʲôԵȱ㣬ˮĿǰˡ
ܰ¥ȥˮɷǰСŮһĲ׺£ǿɰģˮԼǷۻĿһֱǰһԶǵӰƶ̸߱׺µĸĸҲˮͻʱĻͷˮ̸䡣
ˮó˽̸׺򸾶Ǽˣ̸У˱ůˮ̾ǵŮǸˣģҲİΪˮо񼶱Ů
ܿ켸˽뷿䣬ǸĿõĺܰůʣȴݻ
ﵱԼҾͿԣǿǺܺÿ͵ġ
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ӕӣȥ鷿صƿɡѵѾͷѻģܿġ
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ŮҲ֪ʲôԭĵİһۣǷɷˣˮһ˲ôĽˣˣŮˣк
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Ӽ׺򸾺ˮһֱڸ̾׺Ů̫ˣˮоԼǿŴıԽԽǿǸоڵɱ
˵ŮɰˮоŮһɰҪ޲ɷ
кܶһĽǰǰɣ
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Ŷô˵
ȻѯȴʣºỺϴԵˮо˵оŮ˵ĿǣˮƥκŮˡ
Ůֻǰôɰ̬Ҫǽۿ벻Ǹ߸ϡµŮҲɰ֪Ľ֮֡
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ˮ˵ԵĿ׺½һƬۺ죬˫ģɰˮһۡСŮ˵ֽȻŮϳ֡
ʵŮܿɰģ㻰Ůܿһ
˺ϲˮ̸Ů
Ҳǿ£̫ˣûм˿Թţһûз˭ܣȻûлˡ
ˮǺ˵׻ڿ仹ġᡱ׺£ˮԼǺ
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ˮȴ΢ЦźͲ׺ϲеԹĿӣڣһɰŮӡ
ԱĬĬĻӺǺǵЦţ˸һظô˵Ůϵͽܣû뵽èˮƽͽܣǸиģڼͺҲɣҺ㲮ĸһŮС͹µһܿģԺͰﵱԼңһ
Ǻǣ캰ɵֻҪ㺰˸ɵԺ۸㣬ʱõʵʦͽͲˣֻϵģþʹ˻ᡣ
׺΢Ц˵
촽ԥ˺һᣬſĵĺһɵͷģȴֹˣ˵Ůһס
ˮԼԴŮ˵Զ˷˼ڼеĲ׺ȫ߸ˮǸ°¡顢Ů
ǰʲôûУŮҲˣôõǲҲմ㸣⡣
ˮЦǺǵĸ˵꣬Ůһ̳ŵ˻ˮ΢Ц˵Ǵ㽫ĸ㣬Ƿб½ܺûǸģǻ֧㡣
Ů˵Ļó֮˶һˮɬЦЦĲǲ׺ѵֹ֧Լ׷ǵŮ
׺ºͻ֮ˣ᲻֪е˼׺û˵ʲôֻӵĺݺݵĿˮһۣ˵ĻȴǴ˻ġ
ڻУ׺õŮӣģǶԼĶ޷ԸΪκ飬ʲôûлᣬΪһ涼оȲϽʦŮˡ
ڿýиɵ˼ʦˮˣоԼˮŲԽԽԶͻȻҲˮ
ԼΪʲôԼ룬ֻֻܸûпʼҪˡ
׺¿ɫѾµļ뷨߹ȥԱŤŤգˮ۲ԼҲȥԣָоԺá
ɵѾͷҶϲģرǸûȤһ㶼ȤıֻǶ˵ǱСѾͷ
ȿȣ
ˮһȥ
׺ҲεЦЦ鼸ΣСǰҲǸоޱȡ
ضġɡһֱ᲻úȣ˸ŮģҶ
˴ʱѾյĸŮԭϲСӣγˣŪرŮһ㡣
ѾͷǸģһһݴ񡣡
ŮժһһŴĺڱʯɢһֵĹ⻷
ڱʯ
ˮԱԼϵʯҪ߼ܶ࣬ɢĹͱĹͲһ
ѵǵȼ⣡
׺ץֵĻǿƴϣôҲˣڱʯ׹һɵٶȺܲˡ
׺µĻˮȷݴ½ЩıʯɢĹοĻƣˮʯʱܵġ
ڱʯһٶȣٶȵıĶһǺöЩʯϡʣ߾ֺڱʯ׹ҪһЩֶΡ
ڱʯ׹ζ֪Եһ˿صϢĿˡ
ֲǰЩƼӰеŮһ˿ȴǴָŮ˵ҪʣʾƣʱԽĳԽζƿŮһʢʻת˲ţ


209 ׳վƣ
Ů˵ҪʣʾƣʱԽĳԽζƿŮһʢʻת˲ţ
ˮһеЦˮ׺µĻежرǾ䡰ıֻǶ˵ǱԭԼıôϲԼˮڰʱΪʲôԼ¯ѵʱͶԼкøл˿Ǻиоģ
ˮ֪ϲŮֻҪһ˲䣬һŮֻҪһת֮ĸжʱа
Ů˶˵ĺøҲֻһ棬νһˮ޳ɣһŮ˰һҪܾһʱ䡣
ˮ֪Լϲֻ߽Ǻøأ
˵ʱ䣬ˮعʱִǰһС̵Һ壬ɢζܴˡ
ǰ⡮ɡô£ֺ֡
ˮһʵ
ⱭɡͿܰʱɵζ
˺ǺЦ
ˣֲûȹúȵǲ٣˵ζǺ˭֪ɵĸо
Ů˺Ҳڴţ˰ɡ
׺¿Ÿĸ˵ĶԻ̲סǺЦģˮرܰԼĸʱҲоǰȻҲĸо
˶ƱƱСҲֻһڣĺʸˡġľƾԲһơ
ˮȵʱоϸ崽򣬺ȵоһرĸоԶе㿺ܡ
ˮоһ˲ˬȻǺþƣϧˮо廹ԼƵĻǾƣˮԥһ´ϲ˼óһƿ
ҲˮɾͻĲһЧöŶѾҪ˽ȥͿ԰쵽
ϴˮһ׻Ǿ˻ˮһ׷ɾºº淢ҲҪȡ
ǰҲϲȾ֮ˣСӻһ㣬Ӧûϲġ
ˮóһƿڴҾȵĿеݸ׺
Ŷúãͬ˰
ȴɫĿˮ֪ǻǾƣϴκˮͻǾʱʱ̲̾ס졣
ڲ׺Щ⣬ѵè壬СԸףԣеŹ֣ԼҲ̫ˡǰɣİɲ١
ˮ΢Ц˵
ˮȻΪ᲻ãӦǸоԼƵĶϲ̨棬ʱԼŮһ䲻ӵĻˮѿ
Ů΢ЦŽӹеľƣ򿪣ʱһɱȸղŸӴζʱӲŶݣŮҲǡ
ⲻǴ˵еĻ׳վ𣿡
˾ȵ˵˵εЦЦ
ˮҲˣôֺ֣кϣر˵Ƶֺɫͬ
ˣε˺ɬľɫˣ
Һȵ㣬ⶫģһֵǰ
˵ŸҶˡ
ɵô𣿡
շۺʵ
ǰⶫмأҲʱĻڴ½֣ҺҺȹһζױȣǿǿǣաԻʵá
ˮ˵һҪãǶϾҲǿԽǶ޵У˫޹߳ԹʲôһܲǿˣȻҲӦĻǿ󣬵ֻޡ
ôãҸպһסһζǴĿŻȻˮ⣬ǿѣƵļ糺һƬ
˱ΪˮôŪһƿֻôҲû뵽ԼյŮһסֲ˵ǰƯˣԭ⻢վư
׺һ˵׳֣ʹ˻ߵ޵ݣˮǾ޵ֲ˵ԽǸ߰ʸŵŮˣͻܶ˶ϲߵŮ˾ΪߵŮ˵ζ
С˼˵
ǰϲҿԸŪ࣬ҪѷӸɣԼһЩ
ˮǺ˵
ףôõĶ̫ˣԡ
ȴǼ˵
ɣղ͸ֱʯû֣ǻô
ˮЦ˵
УĶ̫̫Կ
Ц˵
ĸҺˡ
ˮǺЦ
ִǲǡ
׺˵
ˮͲ׺ȴǺǺЦţˮȤͻȻ·ǸվڽĴŮӱˣڿȴǺˮ֪ŮڵΪĸĸڳûĸĸˮ֪ԻǰǸŮˣҲΪᷢһ仯


210 Բ粻վ磿
һԹϢһ´һǾͲˡ
Ů˴Ȱ˵
ˣһ°ˮҷס
Ů˷һ㡣
Թ׺´ˮͻׯ԰ҷסһ̨ͤ¥Ƕġ
ʦ½㡭ˮǺЦſŻĺţԼĶŤ
ˮסһС¥ȴǺͲ׺סһС¥
ôȥתת𣿡
׺¿ˮʵ
ˣǻǸȥɣеˣ˵ôҲҪϢϢ
ˮŲ׺˵̾ôϡͿͲˣȻǿѣʱһοʱͱǾϢ۷ûл
ݴ½嫣һİκѣˮûܺмĻᣬֻǰӰԺ͡
Ҳãߣȸʰ·䡣
׺Żˮ˵һһ¥ȥ
ˮһ㶸ȥС¥ʵ㣬һǿסˣˮŮ󣬷ֺ࣬׺ϱӡ
ȻֻǼ򵥵һ£ˮӰӰôĺᣬܰˮȢһŮˣиһʹÿճŪŮҲǶôĿ֡
ϧˮ֪ʱܣҵһֱˮϣȻˮʱȴԴǿǸԼýľǿŮӺˮֺƽֻʹȴһͻ᲻ϵ
һϢƬ̾Ȼôɵѵһжעˮ֪﷢ֻǴĿȴڿŲ׺¡
õŮˮ㶵վ۾նûһ⣬֪һвˣѿɫ˵һС
ҪôˣһжģԼû÷ͽգȻҲ֪ʲô飬Ҷġ
׺̾˵
ˮú˯һʱ
ǵȰˮûǰȥˮ֡
ˮ̾뿪ˮʵĴϣոµıζһ㣬رš
컹磬ˮһȥɾʱ·ϵ£ˮÿҽһ춼ûϹǿһԿתʮ죬µĿ㵽ɾǲʱ䡣
Ŀ죬ˮ֪ϲǣϹǿǱ̬ʵȴ٣رʮԺÿͻˮѾܵѶӣˮ²ͻƾʮʮʱͻϹǿ졣
ھʮ죬ҲԲ绹жʮ죬ȥҪɾбعҪʮҡ
겻ʱ任ɾУвʮʱ䣬Ͼÿֻʱɾ
ˮ˼ţԲӦûģͻƵ죬ʱͻķҵʱ䣬˵ǸؼҲûôѣԼоȲ˵꣬ꡢ궼Ǽ尾
ƵˮֱӽɾʼһֻзʱȴһУԼĳɹΪԼˣԼ䲻ǵǸԼŮӻڵԼס
˰Ѵ󲿷ʱϹǿϣˮǱҩϣ֮ڵõҩҲҩеĲҵģҲá
û»ϰ룬Ϊˮ֪ɱرԼĻ
˴ӡϰڿãǧǧӡˮҲÿ춼ϰʱӣˮǧӡһ˫似Ϊס
ҲǺˮоϾ˴ӡһûʽֻǱ̬ҲǿޱȣʽԸõķӣ°빦Ч
ٶˮأ¹ÿ춼Ҫϰˮĵǣ¹ѾﵽԲ磬ٶһˮڲϰٶȻڻȻȴ
ˮʵһֱ룬ѧֹ¹¹ԲԲ֮ϻʲôʿ֮佫Ȼ˧һֱͻأ
ˮһֱϰ¹֪Բ֮ϰֻһֱһֱϰȥм޵ģҲ޼޵ģ
ڶ죬ˮ׼ʱѾˣóʱû˯ĴˣɾĴȻУûⷿĴ
ϴһ£͵¥»ǣ̫ȭȭǧӡˮһ˿Ĵţۻǻĥζ˿£رۻҵǧӡţ̫ȭ
½㣬õЩʽͼ𣿡
Զ¥ϲ׺ºͻдˮȭ
ûУҼ˼Ĳóˡ
׺¿ŻǺЦ
˵˵Сӷչʲô׶ˡ
׺´ʵ
һ죬Ȼ˶ŮˣǰŮ˶ԼҪˣʲô鶼˵
ʵҺֻѣǲû˵ϵֻǺܺõѣʲôϵҲûˡ
ʲôϵûУһ׻׳վơ
Ҳʣͻ˵ָоеȴһ˷һҲĶԡ
˵ģûʲôû˵׷ңҲû˵ֻмһС⡣
˵
Ŷ˵˵˵˵Ұ⡣
ǾһϡͿһﲢԴҲϡ
˵ŽǰĽ˳
ԭϲˡ
׺¹Źֵʵ
ʵڲ֪Լô£Ҿʱ뿴뿴ѹϲҿġ
׺Ҳ뵽ãУûжһ˸оĸ׳⣬뵽һиԼоôԼ׷
ãĲ׺£ΪҲƶˮָоԼһʼϲȴ֪һӾԼ뷨;
Թ緹˾Ͻ֣׺򸾸ˮ˵Ŀľͺһ뿪ˡ
һɾ
ߣ
׺ñӺһ
һϽ֣ˮ֪׺µӦƫڼҵģϾڼʱ
ȥϳǹŵɣǱĵطһĵش


211 ̬汦ʯ
׺µĻˮǺÿ˫̲סɡ
ϳǹŵ
ˮҪɺ֮أ뿴ݳеɺҵʵΣܸߵʲô̶ȡ
˲в߳׺ţһŻ֪⻹վ˲׺µߣ׺µλȴм䡣
ˮľٶоĶԼˮŮϺֻܱʦװ¸¥һʹһ㣬ǺԸĸԸģˮ֪ǰʦװ¸¥ģмԭ
ڻֺȻ֪ϲԼڲںŮʲôϸˮĿǰһ£Ҳȥ˭
ʱˮ˳Ȼĵ̬ȣǿƾͺãˮֺơ
·ϣ׺¿΢ЦЦ绨һ㣬ɢɽ׳ˮÿο̾Ů˿˵ز
׺ɢεϢˣϢΪûйϵһֱϢ߰ʣǣͽûйϵ˸оվĺܸһ㣬ֱԼ߲ʣ˫ϣԾͬʱɢĮȻֹ
޳Ľ֮ɢ˵ϢǿʢǺڰһ˸ожڻ޿ɿܵľ綾޺ľ綾
ǸɲԸ˵˵ڱʯô£ͦġ
ˮ߱ʣͷ֮俴ǽ߲׺²ľĶǣرǰ޳ķ۾;ӨĶ䣬ˮеȥһĳ嶯
׺··ܵˮȵĿ⣬ɫļŻ˵ıʯݴ½к֣ܶʵΪ־п׵֮ĻƱʯԵĺ챦ʯˮԵʯľϵ̱ʯ
ˮ׺µĻ֮УֻǼк̱ʯӵգԼЩɿġ
Ų׺¼˵Щʯߵĵֿһֻļܱԣм־ڱʯһıʯޱȣӹĺ解ͺڱʯһ觿һɹļ觿ɹ弶觿ĳɹԴƣ׿ԴﵽټͲˣ
觻Ǹöиʮ解
ˮǿµĹӳɾͺ޲һϡʯǿķʯһɷļʯɷ弶ʯĳɷҲûмޡ
бϡбʯ𣿡
ˮƽʵ
ܶģݴ½ȱٵľĶ̫ʯ˵Ⱥ觸ǿĹʯͷӿԴߵľâʯǿԪ汦ʯǴ˵еʯЧкܶġ
׺һ˵ˮȴе㾪ȣ̫ʯ͹âʯҲǿܽܣʯȴǴ˵еĶϾӰˮʶʯʯͷ֮һ
ˮڸо˵ϸ˺ͲˣȤĶǺܺõĶԼӵйһǸоܲ
ֻˮľһڱʯ׹Ѿˣʵ󣬶ʵ۳Ͱٷֱȣʵ˷˼ΪԼƵСҲ۳ѣ½иԵı־ö۳Ͱٷֱӡ
۳ӾͻΪĶϾӵʵǷǳɹ۵ģԼֵܸߣϡΪֶϾϡƷ
ʹʵ͵ĴϣˮһӦӵٶҲǷǳģˮоԼһڱʯһʵӲ٣ļ弶߼Ǿ͸˷ˡ
ЩʯǳƷҪ˹ƣҪʦ
ˮʯļʯʯصıʯ󣬿ɳıʯЩһʯȻ״ҪĥľһʯҪΪʯ͸߼ıʯҪŵȼͬıʯɸһıʯֻ֪һʯʯɹǰٷ֮ʮʯʯĳɹǰٷ֮һƽһٴβųɹһΣʣµҾͲˡ
׺ǳЦĿˮ˵
һЦһ򭶼޶ˣİ磬޿޵ˮ׵ʧ
ԭıʯϳҲˣֻӿɹۣȻǰһһϧɹʵ͵ˣϡȱֻ
ֱʯֻǶ׹𣿡
ˮɻʵϾֱЧģ˵ӦǿǶġ
ǣԭǿǶ׹סսȹǰЩƷʺûúܻܿܲסʯ
˼˵ǶûƣǶһıʯһ䡣
ˮ㵵˵
ˮĻ׺ЦЦЦе٩ζ
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ˮˮһϤĶǰͱǽһĶھݴ½ѾǺܼƷĶˡ
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ʯһɵЧļʯɵЧ弶ʯĳɵЧǸˮͻƽ׶ĳɵ൱ԼĿСϧСֻܷš
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ˮĻ⵽׺һۣ˵ˮѡֱӹˡ


212 £ι
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Ϊ׺ӦƳǣϳһеģû뵽һҪˡ۸ˮееĹؼ
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׺һʵǳԾرÿҲرͿԽԽζ
ˮĿŲ׺µգܽǳȰĽëīڰ׷ޱȣ˼ĵز续

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׺Ҳ൱ղǱˮסˣΪˮ׵ʵû뵽һգգĿԼ죬峺񿴵ԼеĻš
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ԼġܺáˮġܲӦò£΢ɣľԼ׵һۿСӾԼϸ͸еЦԼûˣû޸˭
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׺ѸٵЩͷеҵĻ棬رˮǾ仰ֵĿˮһۣˮ֪ߺûᣬܸˡ
׺¾ˮֲɽ¶ˮˣʱĻ˴ϲ;ȵˣò׺»ŵˮϿһ˿׵ӰӣΪôˮ᲻ˮڿͷռҲû˿ˮ
ǸղŲ׺¿ˮеѪȵֶΣܹϣĳ߶Լϲˮղųֲûɱļһ׺º޳ɣʵˣ׺֪ˮһ֣ҪϵŪʰĵز
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׺ˮĻԸе촽һȻĻȣе°еΣˮкŮʦЦͬˣֱȡһЦҪÿЦݡ
ҿԿ϶ĸ㣬߲ɽûУƳǿ󴫳칬Ҳûߡ
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ˮֱţõûߣϾղſɽڿǾʮλϵʼߣݲоȻû𡭡ˮŵĿ⣬׺ºЦ˵Խʵô״ﵽģ칬һ۷ǿߣ۷״̬¿ֱ߰ԪԾûͻƵ𾳽硣ʵ۷ҲǺܶģԪľҲͻƣǧû˭ͻʴﵽ𾳽ġ
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׺Ǹп˵ԶѤǳ
ˮγǣϹǿԼʱ䣬Ҳ൱Լ赲꣬ڴ½ԼӦҲ˰ɣˮоԼȲоԼݴ½رĲ˳ԼеĲ˺ö࣬ԼߵĲ׺˵ʮ۷壬Լˮ˼˵ԼǿĶġ
ȻˮûҪͱ˷ԼĶЩֻԼһ֪ˮûиı뷨
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׺¸оеǱǣߵĸоȴһʱʱҲﲻԾ
Ų׺ԥĻشˮ΢ЦĿ벻Ϊ㸸ĸһκóԵģǰôôͦ׵ġ


214 ѾͷԺټЩֱӴ
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׺ºܿĵĿһУ㣬ͬʱ΢ЦĿˮڸлԼᣬҲͬʱ̸Լֵһԭֺܼ򵥡
һ˿ĵʱ洫ɧ˺ܶһžʹһ׺ҵ˵ĸҳ
ˮԿ׺һ˿ãȴ΢Цվһȥɣ겻û뵽в۵ˡ
׺µĸĿŲ׺ЦЦ˵Ů˷رůҪ¶ֺ֧Ρ
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׺Ůֹιβ׺µıӣѾͷԺټĶֱӴ
ˮűӣ񺹣׺ĻǸٵĻôʺ;߶ˣʲôţʲôˮ֪ˮ֪˵Żĸоһˬˬ
׺¸׵Ļͷļ֮ˣˮ￴ǶǺͲ׺ĸһǿˣǿߡ
һǺüˮ֪ɽڵĳϣ׺±׵ĻĵıŲ׺ĸ첲軵СŮ
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ٺүүоĺ̤ǰһŲ׺׺˵
ʮˣû˸ҴҲ׺Ĵţû˵ҵ溰֡
׺µĸûпЩˣֻ΢ЦſߵŮ
糤ϣ˿ɶͽģ׺׺ɽһ¹˭š
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ˮɫ䣬һֻֿһöʯӣһֻȴǽһ룬΢ЦƽĿһС
׺ˮɫɢʱֶƽ͵ϢǶͣ
ˮʵڰ۲׺򸾵ɫˮ֪׺µĸ׺ǿȻԿЩ˵ˮƽҪˮ׺ĸɫʼû˿仯ˮķģ֪ⳡ׺ѾԶλǸûз
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ˮôһ˲о׺¸õľ칬ġնˮָоرǿңˮԼԼĲµʲôܿ϶
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׺ڰ֡
ߣûĶЩʲôɫΪе֡ѾͷסˣټЩ˸ֱӴʡ鷳򲻹˵Ұɽڼ̳ˡ
׺Ǻǵ˵
ţǵá
׺Ҹ˵
ˮ̾ȼĲ࣬ʵ֮о쾳һ֮Ĳ͹ˣˮоʾиǲĲ񻰣ˮ֪׺ʲôʵˮоǸ糤ϱʵĲ׺ҪǿĶࡣ
Ȼɱǿߣ־ɱǿߵǿߵ־ˮĶ
Լ˾޴ԼͿǰǣ˼尾ĸѾȵĹˣˮһ뵽ĸ׺޲ھǰǡ
ˮǵһֱҪԼһ֮ǰңҪңҪģˮͿǰٱǧĳ
ͬʱˮҲڲ²׺ʵϵǰˮ϶ʹ׺ӦҲ֪׵ȷʵ
صˣһˣҲֻ׺ŮҿԸܷۣһƬůպһ㹻ߵ㡣
޵һһˣһߵһǾݴ½绪ˡ


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׺ҲǺܿģûǸΪ׵ĲΪŮݵĶ󣬿ŮΪԼ൱ĵ顣
һϢһ󣬲׺򸾾뿪ˣʱˣ׺ʱζ̵ĿˮһۣЦˮое㲻
½㣬ɵʲôʵǼǿ߰ڸɵǰȴֶ
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Ҳ֪ұоӦöʳڿӦøڳ嵽ʲô߶ҾͲ֪ˣƴһѹˣʾߣһصĲ𡣡
׺µĻˮ뵽ǱԼˣȻ֪׺ʵǰɽʱûжĵģһ²׺֣ˮ֪ôģѵǶ׵һΡ˸ղŵ飬ٴγȥԸоޱȣȻˮʵûжߵ̬ȴǼãǶԼţǿߣ۷ڵˮ¹˭ֻ˵׼
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ˮŮٴϳǹŵȻһλһѣû߶ԶͿһҹӵĴҩ꣬־ǽǧҩ
ˮһϴѰҩдɾģֻΪҩǧҩûˡ
£ҵҩĶǧģ
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ˮһԼͲ׺ҲֻʱʶһΪԵʣ֪Լһҩ֣ϸԼҲֻСϾҩϲ̨档
ҩʦֻһҩҩʦ
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һҩΪʲôʹҩʦֻҪƳһֺͿƺüְܶɡ
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ˮͷǺǵЦš
ŶҶˣԭǿһҩȥҸһŰɣеõĲɹʺܵͣҪҩҲǺġ
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ˮˣĻŮ˲ĶȴҪ͸Լˮ벻붼ѡ
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ˮֵ˺٣ֻڿŹ̨ϵıǩ̨һ뷢԰׵˴ĿǣʱΪǽ˵ʲô
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ˮбǩʱеɻ󣬲Ǽ۸⣬Ԫֵ˸ߡ
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ҪԪĶ
ϧԼʣµöԪ֮˻ˮ½˼Ｘǧҩģ󲿷ֶｻǮġ
ҲǿҩĶһöԪͿԻԼʱǳöԪģڿˮĿüͷ
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ǰûʺԼҩģǷԼΪЩûʲôΪĸӦߺʲôİɡ
ôֵǵҩһأôҲ˴٣ЩҩĵļֵɲС֣ˮɲһ˶ôôôϰ׵ġ
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ˮ۾ԽԽΪˮüĿ߾Ȼˮͨ͸׺һһͨˡ
͸ͨˣûκΪһ־һּ󣬵ȻˮͨļӦöʵɡ
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ˮ㲻ԪͿԻǧҩˡ
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ˮ뵽ղſвٶԪ֡
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ŮӴɳƵ˫ˮ΢̵Сھȵţ˼Ŀˮ


216 ֮塢Ϊ
ҷʶ
˼ҲǾȵĿŮ˵
ˮεЦЦô˵ѵԼ˵˹Ů죿
һ棬ֻǲϤ˵仰
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˲ûмɻŮԱߣҷŮ֪Լʲô
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ˮ֪֮Ȼʮ꣬ǾţȻŮҲ֣ɰԵľ֮弴ʹͻ죬ԪҲ
ˮס΢΢˫ĿȻϴϸ⻬ĴˮʱĸܣΪԼһӴŮӵ塰ͼеĹԶתұתҪ
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ˣڷ˷ѣɣøţ֪Լ飬ԴڰŮʦͰﾭγԼĶʱˮ֪ծծ
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˴ӡԴͻ˺ǲͬնоǧѧǧӡ
ЩˮĸǾѧˮÿ춼ǲ䷳һУˮɣټ򵥵ĶֻҪ㹻ͿܻΪ档
µĶÿǰÿǰôһ㣬ͨͷһ죬һȸ֦ͷˣǴչһɳ졣
뵽ˮסŮʱǴͼеĹԶתŮڵϢر˷ܣˮ֪ԼǷܳס֮ʴȻϹǿĸ죬ǿʹ֮ˮҲо


217 ݹ֮ΣΨ첻
ʵСƿװʮλƽҩѪҺÿлƶСճѪҺȻװСƿ֮࣬һȡôĻƽҩѪҺǵһΣǰÿһΡ
ˮӻƽҩǽɫпԹˮ񺹣һڹԹʲôˮԴһγһλƽҩѪҲûĽųġɹ̫ǸǧϰͬһСƿѪҺǴͷûʲôоѪԺͻƽҩѪʲһ㡣
ˮȤǿԼÿ춼ڽԼÿ춼г͸еر̤ʵҲرʵˮڶǹ̡
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ΣȻûеɵҲ޼ʱܴﵽɾ磬ֿΪԼӲƵʵ
ȻλûдɣˮѾʼֺΣݳʱˮһҶ賭һݣиһԼļ⣬ˮʱѾԺоһ
һʱյϰˮӿ϶εãע̬ƽεᣬٶȺ
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ˮ֪һָоеˮԼһɵӦÿԶ෢ӳһɵ
൱һɵ
ˮȻԼ뷨ԼĲ²⣬Ϊˮ־ݹʣµԽԽ˵Ǿݹˮ֪Լ޵ݡ
У󡢺סܡԳ¹ԳˮҲ޵ΣһαһȻõĺôҲԽԽҲˮźҲӦԼɵһЩ
ˮ¥ǰϵʩչΣ˫ȡ˺˫۵ãҪĻһ׺֮
Ǹʱãκ似ˮں֮óβŸˮɵȻ
˸оصĸоƮƮȴ͡
ûʽͬ¹һĸܣֹõĺôġ¹ȻĩˮȴǸоӦٺͺȵĵλСɾͿӶٶȵ¹ǶôǿĹ
ҲΪ¹ѶȲǰļǿֻĵһԣֻٶȣˮµһֿܡ
ʵУٶʵٵģߵǰ۷壨˧۷壩ߵһٶ棬ߵٶ˲ͻʮף۷ҲǿԴﵽʮ֮ġ
Ͽ˱ߣٶȴֻһȻֻһȴҲصĲˡ
ٶȾ˼ҵѾԴȥŵ·ֻҪٶȹ죬ûƲĶ书Ψ첻ƵԭҲһڱʯΪʲôͬȼʯصԭ
ˮ̵ľǲ׺ֵĿٶȣڲ׺ǰЩɽνĳϿֻᶼûС
ߵȼ֮ľ޴࣬ƴһѹˣھٶǰκμɶǿջ
ˮһ˿Ц⣬Ϲתָ֮оеɣˮ֪ԲҲˮ֪¹ӵٶȾԲѷɫҪĻ˵Эı
ûйʽȴһ׺ײˮûʱȥʱоξѾڸоξСһ㣬ر졣
Լ󵨳ԣҼЧȻر죬ˮûպξȻѾɬŵõĹ
ҪľָоˮŵľǣõĸоȻͻϵĸǢ
עһεֹˮоǧÿδʽȣҲ̩ɽҲǴǿ
ˮű̽ͷмΣһӾˮˣΪˮоҪɵĸоܷˮ֪ܷɲеǳصĸоһЩóεȴûм١
ˮһһɱܹƵƾײѾܿˣԶ׺ȴǾȵĿˮ
ͫоСô
׺ͷԱߵЦ
ʮҵڶ͸ˣҸڴҶ̲סϲ
ŮչһЦŲ׺˵
ҳԴˣ˵ϲܻҡ
׺΢ЦסŮ˵֡
Ůһ죬ǳɢζ˹ǣ˲׺һۣ˵ʲô㣬ϰʮ˻
ٺ٣ϧºðȻ¾ġ
׺еϧ˵
ڶûоԺûио
Ůȴէĵ˵
׺һƯӺ㣬һͻݣ¡ò˫ȫ֪ˣԴºܰ㣬СʱҸĸо֪ĳˡ
Ůˣǵ򣬱Ǹ㣬ɳǿ٣ֻǲʮ˻ûϲˡ
Ȼڴ½ʮ껹Ǻˣ׺ĵŮ۽ߣѰӣԾСӸԼ˵ĻԼŮûм
˵ϲСӣ
׺ֿԶˮǿƱ׾ɵӣƫƫЭޱȣҲֻǸ˿Ժˣ䵽ŮϡҲһЩ绪СӾһ
û˵ֻ˵пܣŮҲ˵
Ů˽ĿŲ׺˵
ˣӣںòã˵˵
׺ŮקȻ˵
ϲ
Ů˷ڲ׺ջֻв׺ˡ
˾ıһᣬŮ̧뿪׺һ׺һֵİۡ
ӣԶǴӣⶼʲôʱŮһߵôǵϴɽǼ˵ҪСʱ㿴µûС
Ů˽ϹζʮЦݿŲ׺
׺һվţ뵽ŮĻҺ͵ǣô˲׺ҲǵһοŮΪһ飬ǹ˵ĸоɷ֣Լֳ֪ɷ֡
ҲǵԣҲŮϵĿʼתɣ
СӵĻ׳վǸö
׺ͻȻ˵ȻԶˮЦ⡣
Ů׺Ļûµκǽ֣뵽˵ķ񣬼ҹδߡͣһ˿һˣһһ׿Ȼòû˵
ǰԺܻһʱ䣬ʱܻǰ鷳Сûʲô£һֵҩԱСһƬɡ
ˮóСƿÿƿӶС
Сƿڲ׺ǰȻ֪ʲôͶ˶û˵ʲô
׺һ˲ã֪ʲôҩˮҲĮһĸоǰûں˵ºͿ
׺еʧ䣬ȻСԸоʧ䣬Լ֪ΪʲôҲ˿ĳʶȢһԼʶŮĸоɡ
Ŷǵģ㻹ҩ
׺˵СƿһĺܾȣԴˮ׳վƺ֪ÿһôĲ
Ʒһҩ
׺Ŀˮޱȵ˵
׺µĸ׺ĻҲѸٵĴ򿪴ƿһŲ׺˵ɫζȷʵֻƷĵҩеģֻǲ֪Чʲô
˵ǿˮ˵ģҲѯʰɡ
һ
ȣ̫ˣ֮
׺ˮ˵Чʱ貵ĹâǶʵĿ
ôأȻЧǿԣϧÿֻܷʳš
ˮ΢ЦſŲ׺
ҲˣȻֻҪ޵ˣ˱̬Ʒһҩõˡ
׺ˮŹȴ΢Ц˵
ƷһõˣѵƷһֺܶΣ
ˮ׺ĻлһЩԼ֪Ķ
׺һ㶣Ҳû뵽һƳƷһĵҩȴ֪вرصҩʶ
ֻҪܼһκƷһҩʹһɸȻҲƷһҩҩ
׺ЦſˮˮϿʲôʧˡ
ԭǺǣЩֻһ֣ǰ
ˮڨڨЦ
׺ԣⵤҩŵﶼǼֵǣرϵʵʵЧãҼһеñһЩһֵһƷҩҪ
׺ժһһͲ׺͸һĺڱʯݸˮƱĶҲϣɣ
׺¿׵ϵıʯҲڱʯԼĿڵһźڱʯ֪ļڱʯ


218 ҩƽ֥
ǰ˵ǵģǲҵ𣿡
ˮҡҡͷ˵
׺ȴţҵ벻㵱ˣŮûйϵҪˮˮֲҪˮʵҪò׺סԼ顣
׺ˮǾ𡭡͸оСӻƤ񣬲㵱˻ʲôԼȴǲ˼ˡ
Ҫˣҩɡ
׺΢Ц˵ȻӻóƤֽŵݸˮ
ˮЦЦӹ׺µݹֽţ׺еһ죬ˮһ룬ЦţԼˣϽó׼õСƿ
ѴСˣĪ
ˮεĻæĵݵ׺С
ˮӣ׺򸾺ЦĿţǿˮǺŮ֮Ӹоرġ
ˮҴҶһҩһʱѸٵ濴ȥֻҪҩģˮԼܴܿ룬ȴǲУΪ֮ϡ
ʣµǧ֥ˮǧҩǿӦû⣬ڵˮɾлŽ𻷾ڵʣޱѩǵݺܵˮûƽҩǧϰѪ档
ôԼܿͿˣˮֺܼϧû˵ЧдŵҩӦܲ³Чֻǲ֪Ч
ҩĲ޵ĲϾǧҩģЧӦòɡ
ֽû˵Чˮ̽ĿŲ׺£ֶԷҲڿԼ貵λõɫʡ
ÿοնоǺ޿ƥеľգŵʣǿĸ
ⵤҩҩЧ֪𣿡
ˮе㷢̣ϾĸĿʱ䡣
ɵ޵һ
׺ͬ˼˵ʹİˮһۣԼĸǰ˶Լ
ţҲãˮ룬һɵǸöԼʮУһĻͿԼʮһУޱԼٷһһɵͿԼٷһһǧ
ŲõҩȻģһЩŻĴ񡭡׺һ쵽۾εɫڳ˶Ǿ㵣ˮԭڲ˿ǵ˵ЩҲˡ
ˮ˵ĻԭеҲ˵˵ǶǴ
׺뵽Լ˵ϲˮĴ񡭡ʱ֪оʲôǺС˵ЩеĪĻѽ⣬ֻǶԵŮ֪ʲôǴ񣬲ʱֻװ֪аˮСӲʱö۸Լֻǽ챻ٴᵽ뵽Сӣһߵ޵ݣ޲ðˮһ١
ˮűЦЦԱɻĻˮ֪ûֻۣǲ֪֪еè岻֪
磬ˮԳţŮ֪ˮȥǧҩ꣬Ҳûڸš
ߣߣһЩ˵˵
׺Ż͵˵
ţðҲͽ˵
ڻѾĽв׺½ˣΪûٱˮȤ
ǰʲô˵˭Ҳƭ˵òá
׺΢ЦſŻ
ţҴƭģԶᡣ
ǳЦ˵ϳϿҡ
׺¿ĵЦЦԶ˵ǲΪҵԵʲŹˮ
˵׺¿Ų˵Ļ˵ƭԼһ׺ţĬҲ˵ΥĵĻ
̹׸˵ҺûпܣҵŮˣҪޣ
׺̾Ż˵
ⶫҲ֪ǲõģ˵أ
׺֪ǿ˵ǾԲͷġ
Ĳϲ
ʵ
꣡
׺Цˡ
ǿɰԼΪǺõĶ͸ˣʱⶫ˵Ǻõģڱ˵ʲôҲأ飬˵أͻȻһŮԼϲø㣬˵𣿡
׺µĻһ˵ĺܺãҸоֻϽ㡣
ѾͷţǼ⣬ҲҸˣ᲻ϲĳЩǿģҽ˵ץסϲģʱԼڡ
׺̾˵
ĬһſŲ׺µͷĵЦˣЦɣ¶ֵİһ
׺ȴǰ̾һɵѾͷ
ˮǧҩԶԶĿſڶˣˮ쵽ˣ뵽Ӧ˺ܾ˰ɡ
ˮ˴Ц˵οİˮӭȥˮҩûǰҩĵˣӦñлˡ
ٴҷŮӷ䣬ŮӿˮĵЦŴк
ˮҲڷϻóƿӣƽҩѪҺǧϰѪҺÿһη¡
˿ҩƿ￴ǲҺ壬᳹žҷʮԪҲ˵ƶˮأ˱ҲǱšҽģȻϣˮҽŮ֪ѣٸĺ֮ǿҩʦ޲ߡ
ˮ˵ģɣ΢Ц˵ϼʶ㣬ҲΪŮ˲ٵط֪ҽΣҪʮԪҲʵеǿ
ôᣬ
εЦ
ˮԥһóװСĴƿݸˣӦÿϳɡ
ɻĽӹһƿһ򿪿һ۾͸ϣԭƷϵҩʦҷϣˡ
˼˫ֶڶ¡
˼ңƿҾ͸㣬ÿ˼޾Ƿ̷£ŮǵȰºƿҺηٷҩԶԪ
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ˮ²콣ʱŮӦ콣ڵ˵İɣϾԼ콣СĻСĳϡ
䲻Ҫġ
ˮ΢Ц˵ʵڴ½ֻҪͲ⣬ϾԪԻӻ
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Ůӿˮ˵
ǸϴҼǵǴˣ
ˮŮֵ˵
ʱҪΪԼʱղ̫࣬Կдһ£ȴŮѻˣ㵱ʱһļɡ
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ʵҲԣóôصġ
ˮǺ˵ϾԼġ
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Ů欵ĵ˵
ڴʱһ˿ӣܴһЦݰѴӵݸˮ
ˮŴĶô˵Ҳһ󶬹ôֻǿʲô
ʲô
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ˮ򿪴ӿ֥һֱĴ󶬹ϣɫ֥״⣬һ˿˿һ㡣
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ֳ̫֥ΪȻзֲǶͷǾĵʽ֥״⣬ҲطϽ𣬽ԹҲ
֥̫ǳҩȻ֤ʵǼٵģеļֵȴҲǲپԻǿԵġ
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ˮ֪ⶫ󣬱Щǧҩ̫ˡ
˼ң̫ˡ
ˮԥһ˵
УŮ򱶣㣬ͷİ˵ԱݶݣͷõĶˡ
СҾͲˣϲ֥Ժҩ԰Һܶࡣ
ˮʱʩͼƽ֥ĴԵֵԼĸʱӦǴĳԼļֵ
ˮʱ·µЩǧҩʱˮûſڣ˾ѾˮˮһǧѩȻ˻ƽ֥ˮҲûñǧ֥ˡ
˷Ҫˮüˮ֤ҪʱȻ뿪ǧҩꡣ
뿪ǧҩˮһ˵طѻƽ֥Žɾˮ֪ⶫˮпʹٱĵطҲԱԭ״ˮϽɾٵƽ֥øСˮ̶
컹磬˵ҲûбҪôȥˮڸ䣬ǲǿԵ
Ľֵҵ֣ȻҲҲҪԷ£ҪҺڣҵǮǴЩ
Աһ޺ҪĵͶˮп˰첢ûпʲôȻ·ϿԿŮѾůʱĳֵ·βסǷغͷ鷨ԲΣ߶֮ôһȺ˵Ŀƶ


219 ǿϹŶ֮
ˮٰĵҲǶһЩοررģܼһ˫ֱȳƵĳȾ͸ÿˡ
ˮԾ뵽ϻŮ庮ҷˮû飬ȻˮĶе棬ر˵ԼǺϻŵˣˮʵǳһܺ˫޵ŮΪʲôҪѧ˫޹
ˮһ˫޺ԼʵԾʲô̶ȣˮֻΪԼΪ庮ҷ˫ޣˮ˵ˮҲǵԼֵסľ֮
ˮ˦˦ͷϳǹŵȺеı߱߿ЩοƺܸߵȺеˮоķرƽ
ָоˮȴرܣϵһôͻȻ˵״̬ĸоҲѷɫ
ݴ½ˮ˻֣֪̿ĸ׺ҵ龭ᷳңһ·˵Ӥ
Դʱ֪ݴ½һЩʶʢУϧԼϰ䣬Ӯھݴ½Ƿһͨ˶硣
õศܣرҪϹǿȻıԼȴÿ춼ǻæµͽյĽȵ鵱Уûиһ졣
ˮĺͶһƴĸоǸоͻȻеиһǵĺһָоʶȴ෴Ϊָоȴԣܹȴܿ֡
ϸɫҲôгˮŬԼָ߳оȻǰš
״̬һӵʱˮͻȻоʶжЩʲôǸһ𣬴״̬˳
ĳ񺣣ˮһһδ֪ĸˮһۺƽܿȴϲ񣬵һֱ
ϹŶ֮
ʱˮѴ״̬˳ϹŶ֮ʱǱ𾪵ˡ
̫ǿˣ̫̬ˣˮĸо
ϹŶ֮ϹΪĶ֮ԶǿסȹѥӡͷȦסǶʯʯˮ֪˵ʲôãϹŶ֮ȻѴ졢ҡϵһҪҪϹΪĻҲԴ졣
ǽÿִķһЩʽûоͼֻ˵һЩɣɸֵĹûʵĻ
ϻҪԼңְ취ҵԼϤЩ涫ӦúѣһЩͭסοЩӦûǿԴģֻǲ֪ɹôǲǹǿ󣡡
ˮΪ졢ҡһһ֣û뵽һ֣һۺʽģҪʯϳɹҲڽϹŶ֮
ˮϲʡܶ鷳ԿٵȽΪԼĶŮһЩҪǶÿıʯˮû뵽ʯϳɺǶʯϹŶ֮Уˮ֪ǶʯԲԼеôס
֪ˣһӵõôֵ࣬ˣⱦʯϳܲѧᣬû뵽˯ͷ
ˮججţˮʶѹʱԼѾ˺ԶԶ˳ŸղŵĹŵ
ˮΧ˶ڹĿԼ۹ⶼǴſζˮɻĿΧˮһЩ۾Ƶǰȥ
ʧ˰ɣʧǵġһֹš
ҪѰ̼ɣͷôˡһٸ˼һ㡣
Ѱ̼֧֣̫ˡ

ˮرã߱߿һݻ˵ĴͼҾߵˮǰ
Ҿߣˮ٣õҲǻľ̴ľ඼ǹģҲֻǲǳ֮־ûʲôֵ
ˮ£ҷҴͼҾ߳ܶ࣬Ҳ˽ȥһȥǽӴſڲԶĸߵЦԪֻˮ֪ǲġ
ƹͨһ㣬ÿͨ߶ǰŸָļҾߣˮʵʶʲôӡӡɳ輸ӵȼ֡
ţỨذ壡
ˮĿʶĶĻһģһˮǵỨذһҾߡ
ˮָĻƣʵӦúãʵпرƯ
ˮΧỨذڵذǱȽϸߵˣˮĵذ壬ֲ϶ǲͲϡ
ݴ½ȱľԵذһľƵذ壬ҲͲϣˮǼ۸Ĳէࡣ
Ҿ֮ͦǮ𣬲ϲȱֻ⣬ҾߣһˮԼƶ֮ˡ
ļҾȫˮھڿذһˮֿԼʶĺľذ塣
ľʵؼʵӵţȻľˬˮľذ󵽷ֵذôܡ
һ뵽ˮԼǱȻûôܹҲߵͨһЩ̵͵ȼǮ߶ܣʵķ䣬õۼơʵĴ󴲣޵Ůһˮľذʱ־Ȼ˵ģˮоǰ֪Щ׼ȷˮ֪Ứذһذ壬ľذǶذ壬ľذذ壬ľذȴǲỨذá
߹ذɳ輸Щߵľɳ輸ˮͬǴ۽磬һļǮ֪ЩǸǮܵġ


220 ͻɽͼԲ
ˮֿһڻдĿԹһǽڵģҲСֻƴСǿĿϾ
֮ˮͬ˼ʶģ̤ͼˮǵñϲ̨棬ȴǺϦɽˮͼͻɽͼͬǮǿҲǲѷɫ
ˮϲǸͻɽͼɽͻư磬߷ɣˮ뵽ԼĻͻɽУͻɽͼʱˮоͼԼкָܴоرǿҡ
ˮʱúܿ죬Ҳղſ̫ԣȻɫˮͻɽͼŴȥǱǽ˵ĵطЩҾһЩͳһװƯŮӣʲôĿǡ
ˮûȤǣ˵ԼֻǸоͻɽͼ⾳˵ǹ߱ˣٹٱˮ
ǰ̨Ưÿˮͻɽͼ쵰ϸĿбڻǲģˮʱǩдʮӡ
ˮҲǣʮֻΪһǽϣҲֻЩǮ˲ŻᣬˮЦһԼǮ˲ŻЦôİɡ
ˮǮûͣ뿴ǰ̨ÿԼȤΪˮÿһǮĿⶼˡ
ѵǮôˡ
߳Ҿ߳ǣˮѾõͻɽͼŽɾŲ׺ȥͬʱҲųʽ
ȻöǮ򲻵ԱǮͻɽͼҲҪǮȻǮмʮ򣬵ˮоҪǸҾ߳ԤвΪˮûȥǼҼҾ߳Ǹߵ¥Ͽء
ˮǳһȥˣص׺ѾˣݳûкҹһſŹʯþݴ½Ĳҹǣ˶ϵڹʯЧ·ʣҹͬޱȡ
ص׺ҷֶڣ׺ºͻǿĵŲ׺˵һЩݴ½ȤһЩȤޣǢ
ˣԿˡ
׺µӿˮǺ˵͸Ů˷ر͡
˵ʲôôġ
ˮ΢ЦŴҴк
ɵ˵½Сʱرء
ǺǵЦ
Ŷ˵˵ж
ˮΨһһſλ¡
ˣԷԷ극˵ȥһ죬ҵطûС
׺´ϻҪ˵顣
ˮתˣʵˮûзǳԸղҲֻ˳Ż˵˵ѣԲ׺˵Լҵʲôĵطʱˮ뵽ǸƼҾ߳ǡ
ƼҾ߳Ǹĵطһ졣
ˮ΢Ц˵
һ죿ҪҾߣ
ȵ˵׺ҲǹŹֵĿ˾ˡ
ʵкܶණֻ
׺ʱ˵
׺ĻŮ⣬ˮֿ׺
ǰҲôá
ˮЦǺǵ˵
ֻǺöǿ˿Դӻиܵһ⾳Դ򵽾޴ĺô
׺Ļ˵ˮĵͷ
ȳԷ극˵
׺µĸͫشٵ
극׺ºͻͫʰϵĲ;ߣˮżɫŮʰú׼뿪
ǰǸСҪǳۿǮ
ˮ׼ˣ뵽ҪＯһǮɾڣӡӻƱеطá
ˮһ仰˶ǲĿˮˮűεЦЦ⼸ܻ㶫ϵǮ
ǶǲҪˣǵôˣӹ
׺Ц
ߣҲǡ
ֹš
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ˮϸĿͻɽͼ˵ͻɽԺ죬ƺͱӦͻɽǿǰ޿赲
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ƵҩԣûԵԶɹҩԽǺõĵҩԽ˵ЩƷҩǺķѵ֮˵ľѪһɣ֮˺ܿȥҲȥ
СҪ߶ȵ־УԽоԽķѪԽõĵҩԼ˹Ҫ߶ȵļ־ʱҲԽԽǺ


221 ɡ׳ɽ
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ò׺ǿǵǣرǲ׺ŴûгԹʳ˺ŮĻ׳վƣǵһˮ뿪ô죿


223 ɲԼٰҵķ
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ǡ˲飬Ͼ׺²ԼŮˣô˵ҲѣæҪԼˡ
ĵˮֱóͻɽͼڷǽϣˮʵĴϾôһֱϸĿͻɽͼ
ȻѾԲˮԺ󣬷ֻǿ¹Բ磬ֻǻڻĽšǰš
ͬҲǣԲĻλڻǰˮԲʲô磬ѵ˵ԲʵԲ磬ԲľĪǲԲˮһ綼ڿͻɽͼϻĶε֮⾳
ˮ֪׺ͬôϾǲԸǿŮԷˣʮĽ׺ҲǺֱӾܾġ
ˮҪ鷳ˣСô˵Ҳ˼֣һս㣬֪ûС
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شˮһû뵽пǱô򵥣ֻˮ֪Լʵġ
ˮҲ֪ǧʵĶ֣ˮôģԼабǽϾ˴ӡˡ


224 ΡС
ˮĶŰ׺չˮѾ˰ˣƼҾ߳ˮ͸ܵ׺չԸ˴һĸо
һֱץסĸоˮڷ·ץסˣָое㻬֣·ץˮôĿŻеֻɺףȥ̬
ˮа׺ӯչˣǷе̬ԾʩչһֱĺΣˮһֱԶתϹУˮûпתϹ
ˮԶתϹȥתˮ뻭а׺һɣ⣬ϹȳƳͨš
ˮǰоеĵطȻͨû˿о
ˮ¶ĵЦݣźһһ飬źײˮܵӯȻǺСȴָоܺá
˫΢İڶȺС΢΢˫Ÿڽ·֮һЩۻҵĶ
ʶļӿϹǿȣͬʱҲӿתٶȣˮиһио⾳
ˮתźʩչźײӲ߳µһ׷Բȴ˸оѸޱȵǰһ㡣
ʱڲ֪ʧˮͻȻо˲ӯϮŸܵһǿԼ𣬲ֻõӣٶҲ٣Ͼһɵٶȶڵˮ˵Ѿ൱ɹˡ
Сɣˮ֪Լӯһ˲뵽˺Сɾ磬ͬʱҲܵҪǺãȻ⣬ּܹͼһʼϰҪֻóһûкܸԺԶɺΡ
СɺСǰֻҪ΢кԽǼ귴ǳӲˮǰκǱ׾
ǿ׺չа׺˺ΧУˮԼҪһʱ·ʵˮϹǿԶתϹҲ𵽺ܴá
ε컹ϸ΢֮ԶȫʩչⲢ˵ͻ׺סɺףǿɵķУٶȴѸޱȣˣǺεĺô
ˮΪͻɽͼ򵽻֮ӶﵽԲɾоþòСɵĺڰ׺չ½뵽Сɾ磬ȻԼŬ͸򣬵ͼ㾦еһʱز١
ΪһЩͼ򣬴ӶнϴĽ׺˵ģͼпԸ򵽺ܶණˮоݹҲԺҪЩֻѰͻƵˡ
ɾˮԶоǺܿģֻˮоر㣬űȱ˶ʮʱ䣬֪ˡ
һתϹǿԸԳĽʮ죬ˮоܿģˮԼϹǿ;ݴ½ʵԱȲǺȷ
Ϲǿ۷ʱˮоԴ˧۷壬磬ֻԼأಫмϹǿ͵ǿ壬ǿȱ߻Ҫǿ
۷ʱԳʤɱ֣ˮһͻƵϹǿľ磬ʵļǸ˴ӡҲʤ
ԭͻƵʮĻʮ죬رʮ졢ʮʮʱõʵƽʱͻǿܶࡣ
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ʮһ۷ۻ൱ǰһʮʵۺϣȻлƱϽһ磬ҲΪʲô˧ͻ죬ͻôѣҲǺ嫹ǧûĳֵԭ
뵽׺ҪԼٰķӦǸ׷ˣһ˼ǿߣˮ߽ʵ򲻹۷壬ӦÿԴĹ˼
۷壬Լʵ᲻۷սһҲ۷ʵǲǿǿսʳ
˼һÿαҲˣˮɾ㿴һ˵ĵطߵڿѾǺܴˮرϡ
ĺڹȻٶһӻ飬ˮ֪ǻĽÿ춼ҪץʳԣܵľͻСȥΣնǿҵĸӦɾˮҪࡣ
ҲеóҲںڹ귺ĳˡ
ˮĵţֿˮ׵ĻƽҩǧϰоģҩʦıҩǿԴҩġ
ˮرߵա㣬ˮѾռ˲٣ˮر϶һˣȻ׺ҷ˲٣кܶ࣬ⶫõġ
֮֮֮֮Ѿˣʣµ֮Ҳĵˡ
вҩݣɢǿˮ⣬ɾбϾȵģˮоʺֲֳˮҪΪǿԱȱ˶ʮʱԡ
ڶˮûн׺ºͻˣˮûͣһǴкһ˿ĽõεУǿƱ׾ȴӯޱȵ˸о죬е棬ƮƮ֮иоޱȡ
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ˮٶȴû϶ֱץס˫裬ڲȵʱܵĹ˽ɣ


225 ˮ
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׺·溬ߣϵͻȻŷҲѸʽûоץסˮһ١
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ˮĻ׺ڵĿһ㣬µŶ˵糺죬ˮеԹ
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׺ҲǳԾޱȣԼ۷壬ʹˮҲʾ磬ԼСûʳһЩҩٶȵĸǾӶ࣬СԼϻһļĺڱʯɼʹ˿ּȫҲֻ΢΢ѹסѡ
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˺˴ܴɳҲֵܴܣ˺Ů˴ܳ˳Ϊ˺⻹Դһ˿
ͣ׺ڿˮԸоеԼ׵ĶǸоϤǰˮͷռüαˣϴСˮǵһӣоˮͱ˺ֲܲͬĲͬ
Ҫ㣬ˣǼһǺǿưԵġ
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ˮĻ׺ɻĿˮԣҲܷʲôҲôӦǸ˻ǵôƺ𡣡
ˮǺǵЦš
ˮĻò׺뵽ະ龰ǲУͷ˵ˮ
а˵Ҳϣڳƺϱ㻹ɴƭˣȻ˿ġ
ˮ裬Ůӣĵ𺳺ͳǺܴҲ˷ܵġ
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ŮѵϷıǮˮôҲ벻ڶѾȻҶܵλһ쿴ġ
׺±ˮĸ첲΢ͷīһƬᣬˮݽȥ
ˮɲ׺Լӣûһ覴ãòգˮȴǺˡ
ˮűӺǲȻЦЦ׺ȴԽȻˮоر˼
͵ʱ򣬲׺ˣһ͵ĺӣһһݵֻ꣬˫۾һ٬
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ӺˬںͲ˼һʱ
ˮͲ׺»лվڲ׺򸾺棡
ĸã
΢ЦŲ׺ĸиȻŲ׺򸾺Ĳ׺¿ȥ
׺ر˫Ϳᣬϧȴе޿κΡ


226 ʹţ
ϵܣˣߣ
׺Ǻǵǰסӵȵ˵
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ӿ׺ºˮǣֺܵվһ̲סüʵϾ֪׺¼Ҿһӡ
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ʵˮڳԾ׺Ǿ仰Ӧò׺ºһ𣬰˵׺˾ԲŮĻµģѵʲô顣
ҵŮˣ˵ΪʲôҪս˵ŮֲǶȥġ
ˮǺЦ
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ٸҶҵŮ뷨Ҳһ١
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Ļ˵ˮңкź֮ںε¿籼׵һʽβ߳ˮԴӵһһļʱͼֲϰϰϰһš
飡
ˮһߵĵֱ߶ûкһͱ߷ɣˮ׺ǾֻҪС
ˮֻˣֻǾ䲻ˮֱŪ뵽׺Ļֻţò˶١
зڱѪĵɳȥͺ굹ɳȥ˲Ӱƶס꣬΢һ鿴˫Ŀˮ
׺ҲǿɬҲû뵽ˮֱӰ˼ҸˣɱܣһͻȻͨˣܳܵסǾ޴ʧ䡣
ڳ˻ȥˮ˶ǴĿˮֻͺӵȴɱڡ
ֵܣϿȥȥƼңȰˡ
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׺˵ſɬЦЦȿڲ˵үӶо֮Һ͸ֵƣµĸͫܲɵҺ͸Ƕϲͫ
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СʱǸʵС͸ÿҲ߶һˣһǸоܲ޳Ǻϻƭƭˮ㽫ֻҪУΪۿɱһƽҵŮɱȫңҵʱɱޣɸҶŻĶ飬
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һףһʳĸ֣˿ݵ׵ģˮ뵽ǰé཭ǵʵˮ;ñϵĵӺء
һֱû˵һֱĵĿˮԼʲôʱʼΪһ˵ģеǣҶһ㡣
Լرˮ֮Ĺϵûˮ˵Ҫڻûȷǲǰ
뷨ʱϲĬĬվԱߣ
˻ȥʱˮֲ׺¿Լ˸ܣˮ֪Լ˵ĻֳСˣˮǺܿģ㣬ƺ߲ʱעĻ


227 ؼ
ԴϴηѾȥü죬ˮôɣݳˮоԼʵʵеǿȻֶһɾ˿ӴԹݵݳǣˮЩҲΪ֡
ΪоʶܣѾֵǮĸоҲͲΪˣʷģһ˵Ĳεһ߶ȣҲͱˣȻвɺϣˮ֪庮ҷүүߣˮûһʵǲֵܷġ
ˮǿԼϹŶ֮ԼĻЧãˮʼϲģͬʱҲˮеԼһкͽҪѧһжϹǿ
ˮڲ˽ݴ½ĶﵽʲôΣʱսսȹߣԶԶĹ۹෱࣬޹⡢תɫޡеһؼףرǿõؼõĽʵر𣬿ܵʱһȫĹԭǵһ֣̫п˺Ҳԭ򣬾ݴ½ÿ߶ϣһǴ˵е¼ףǿҲöԷ
ˮ֪ԼϹŶ֮ǿˮıȾݴ½ĶˮƽҪߣ⣬Ϊˮ֪еװҪĲǸ޷õġ
⼸ɾˮİϹŶ֮оһõĽۺһģҪȣֻǲֻҪ鹻ͿԵõҩĻͿơ
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ȼʾҲûУ˻ȥ򼸸¯Ӻˣ¯¯̨ˮԼԺĶǺڴģ紩ϹŶ֮ѥӣǲǿԴȵٶȺ͹ϹŶ֮¼ǲǿǿķǿĸԣʵˮľԼĶ᲻ؼһЩϡԡ
һ뵽ؼؼȻһЩļܣҪ̬ǿ˵һǧ˰Ҳ㣬ǿԼŤתǰľġ
뵽ؼˮľȺûз¼ҲлؼģĿǰԼ˵ҪΪؼ뵽һֱˮо̬ؼҵĴȺնȣ
ȺնȣһΧڵָȥȫû˿˺״ָ̬ǿʱֻʩչؼΪͨˣҪһЩҩĻߵҩһʱ󷽿ɻָ
Ⱥնؼˮ֪ҪûУЧԻı䣬Ϊе񣬼ǲܵ飬ˮԴȺնЧǲٿαԡ
оͻ䣬ˮ֪ô룬ݴ½Ҳ֮ݵҩʦл֮ǰȥóʱٶҥˮҲڴϾԼѾ˵Ƿ˼飬ǰԼôҲŵġ
ڣˮоŵĶȻеʣǿѨ磬ԼؼˮоؼҲһǿ似ˮ֪ؼҪʲô
ؼеĺƽʩչظһΧָ˶ɵƣˮ²ؼͨ¼ƷЩ汦ʯһ㷢һЩķΧͨʩչָ˸ӵһ
ˮһַΧؼ˲һΧָ˵һ쳣״̬ж似ԻãҿԻظһơ
ˮ뵽ܶ࣬ԽԽо̬ǿ󣬲ЩؼֲǸ⣬֣ˮҿ϶ԼľԲͬ
ˮĶ̬о˼ؼҴǷΧΪʹȺնȺܿԶῴԼеĻ棬˲佫һΧڵ˸ݴ½棬ʵٴɱϾˡ
Щˮ뵽һЩӹؼЩˮҲǸоȽʵʵؼǺпֵܳؼ
Ұ֮ˮرģնĸ࣬ɶĹ
ˮˮҰޣһƣͬҲǱӹרŴЩؼ׺ͽǿˡ
Хٶȵؼˮ֪ھݴ½һٶմϱ߾Ǻö
һƼ͹֮ףһԴƻԷķǿȣһȴΪԼӿ
ˮҡҡͷˣ޲ھʹЩϧëӰӻûУûؼ
ϣԽʧԽʧҲԽˮǾ׿Щ˵뷨Ȼʱûгֻʧ
ʱҴҹ˼죬ˮ˼ȥչ̣ˮֻȥһ״졢õ¯ӺʹʲôһЩߣˮ뵽̴ҪչһЩƽ
ĵʱõҩԼǰ׼һЩҩһǮֱǮƽʱһЩҲԳۡ
ˮоԣҽӴ˶һԼҲԼ似ΪҲа
ˮʲôأججġ
ˮϣǴ˻Ƶ֪ǻ⼸ˮԼֻص˼ʱĸо
뿪̣ҪҪȥҵϰ
ˮǺǵЦ
ˮĻǾޱȻĵϣرˬĵĵۿˮʵĴ⡣
ٱŮˣⲻҪԼ𡣡
ˮֹš
ˮĴ㿪̣
ŹֵĿˮʵǾ첢ûʲô˼ȴе貵Ĺâǻϲá
ͻʶģˮҲ뵽Լʶˮееλõɫʡ
޵ͬɣǧ޵Ĺߣ˵˶ꡣ
ˮ뵽ԼԵˮо˲˿ǺӴ˺ͻнӵĻˡ
Եⶫڲ䣬Ե־ϲãˮ˼俴һ˲䣬ˮ֪һ
ƶ죬˭޶갡
ˮĻ̲סһر뵽ˮĦ龰ԼĦʱ
ԼôҲǺ˰˰ɣ
κţϲˮǾ仰
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߰ɣʱ̵ϰڰǼһҶǼ˲䣬á
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ΪʲôҪ̣𣿡
߳˿еڲ׺ǰĽֵţɻʵ
ˮΧɫɫˣԶŸԵ飬Χ͸õæµţͬʱȴŸԵ
Զ֪ģȴ֪ģˮԼԶ֪ԼڵʵÿһССĽҲܿģ״ȴ಻Լ˴ڣʱ̶ڽϣÿһ˶ǿš
ѧһʱ䣬ûж֣ٺ٣Ϊ¡ڿɷ衣
ˮѾݴ½ŵƯҲǴ˵е·˵Цһ˵
ðҵһ졣
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ˮ˵һ˻ŵΪʲôΪʲôվԽȴԽ㣿ôҸ
ˮһ˵
ˮûж꣬ȴеССʧ䣬ˮ֪˵˻˵ԼǶء
ôƸˣ뷨Ůһ㶼ϲһ˲Ż뷨
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ˮĻееĻţҲǷˮӰӣҺЩʱ򶼻оԼϲ
˵ʲôأҲûϲˣ˵ҿôġ
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𣬻ŵΪʲôʵ֣ܶеΪģһʳǣɫȮ˭ˬ˭汲ı
ˮ뵽Щɺеӵܡ


228 
ˮţ˵ĺгˮĻûнӻ֪ˮ˵ȥ
еһͱѪǵһΪһԸֻΪԼǰгˣһж;еĵ׺Ϊ·
ˮĻü΢Ҳо̫˰ɣʱ̻ڼ尾иöܡ
еΪ̤ѧ۷壬еΪ˸ɫŮеΪǮеΪǧţеΪ˼ˣеΪ˵ϼеΪԼŮԭôɣҲĿ갡벻֪һ˵ô¡
Ǹһ㡣
ʲôĿֻ꣬ҪĿһΪɱһˣ߾ΪǸС椸Ҳ㣬ҪĿ꣬ûĿĿĻǾڵһܵʹ۵ʱŻûĿ뷨Ѿͷǲʲô벻ģû¸˵˵ٰ㿪⿪ûġ
ˮٺٵЦ
벻˵˵Ϊʲô֪֪㳣֣Ϊʲô֪㣬ԽվøԽ㣬Ϊʲô
ȻһЦĿˮߴš
Щûʲôȷ˵һִ𰸾һɣһ˵˼Ҵ֪㳣ֻһջΪԶ㣬֪㳣ֻһ䰲ο˵ĻվԽԽ˵һһӣԭ˱ҪǮֻһֵʮӵŮˣһǧӾͲһ˵ǲǣ
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ⶫȻˮʮϲޱȣھݴ½ĶȻǺö㽫ͨķѵĴԹģҪʱܳ
۴Ȼ𾫡Ҳûн𾫵ķֻۼӲӲĽ֮һôǺܶ࣬õ࣬ѥӡҲԣȻбøʺϵģûбҲǷǳõġ
ˮԴӿͼõһͨڿһЩöʱϰߵͨһ
ʮʮһȼʮİʮ˿飬һʮһʮ
ղԼôͲ֪ͨ


229 ˮİ֮
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ͨԿһЩڲϸ΢֮ڿǴͼֿ֮İ˵˷ƭ˵ģҸǱȸղǸһЩһ͸˷ˡ
뵽˵ʲôҸԼⲻҸˮеİֺǺǵš
ҸǽԼΧʵ΢һ㣬һõʵ־ͻ֣̫ܿ߾ͻɥһʵǾľϲ
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ʮİʮʮҲʧʧģˮǿʮİе
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ˮ뵽ӵı飬ʮİҲǱˡ
ˮ˵Ļһʲôطڵģˮҿ϶Ҳһʣˮʱ뿪ȻܿѼ
ˮľ˴ӡͣ˲ΣʩչԽǧӡ̫ӣˮֻʹеļʽȽ˳ֶһı任ҪˮѾ˵˹֮պá
˴ӡǿˮǷǳӰģķḻˮ֪򲻵ѲҪʹá
ûǿǰҪʹǰóǽÿ첻иϰˮļʽȻûдﵽ徳絫Ҳо綥ˡ
ˮΨһĽȻƽʱûˢ̫㲻ˣˮʶʮĽǶڡ
̽һ̳Ѿ֪ˮǵڶٴδ̳һûһٶȱƽʵֹ࣬ȻζˮдһУҲϰһС
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϶ûвʲôˮֻ֪ҪһӴĿ꣬ӿȵ˲緢
΢ѵ΢磬Ҳ˵оİ徳磡
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ǿ߿豹棬һͨһ㣬Уû˿ţһսĳʱԽƼУĸɢϢ
û徳֮ǰ߾εɢƣԽǿɢԽ࣬һ㶼ͨԷɢʵ϶Էʵ
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壬ʴﵽ徳ҲǺܶ࣬似򵥣Ͼݴ½Ҳϲɣ䲻ͷһգо
ƲйҲͬˣղˮĽУƽ棬ûһ㱩ŰϢΪȫǰѽϣûһй˵ʮӰ˳ɣﵽ徳ԷʮɣĹּУǿ΢
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230 ̫ŰپʮŴ
ˮžһ󣬽ż̫ȭ΢ı𣬸оر泩ˮҲû뵽ֻõͨ˵ˡ۷Ч
ʵǰó۷õ
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ˮð徳ʩչ̫ȭƽ棬ȴǶһִȻȻӵϢȴеׯء
ԶˮĲ׺ѳ״ˣʱۿôҲ벻ԴСûжʱȴǴľȴǲϡ
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ˮǺǵ˵ţһĲ຺ӵı۰УһϸĽȳ΢Ĳת
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ˮʱһԭʯȻٴοʼݽһ죬һַԶȵһκ˺ö࣬еֲڡ

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ò˵ˮıŮ˵ˣжˣ֡ӡ˻ǰԶġ
׺ֻǴһʼˮҪ뿪оȣȴһֱû˵ֻ˫貵ˮ
ˮﵱԼңҺͫϣģһ¡ҲԽ
׺ˮ΢Цȴ˵
ܿģֻǳȥһʱ䣬ʱģ
ˮɵ˵
ͫеʧĿˮֿ׺󲻶ɫĿԼŮֲ׺¿ʼе㲻ȻѾָ̲ס̾
ҵطɣӦñϤһ㡣
ͫ΢ЦĿˮ˵
׺һȻϲȻһЦ
ˮȴһűЦЦоԼŮһ㣬ˮʵڲף׺ŮҲǷġ


234 ǧ޵У
ԼŮǴȰһˮͷǱеЦĲ׺µͷ
һεһȥˮߵŮ̲סЦŮˮĪЦ
ЦʲôҼҰȥôģ
׺˵ûпˮ
Ī᲻ң
ˮŲ׺µòǺǵЦ
׺ȴ΢ЦŤͷˮȻ˵˵᲻㣬ѵͲȥ𣿡
ˮӿЦҡҡͷ
ΪʲôҪ᲻㡣
ˮǾеĵĻе㻨òŮӣʱˮоûϰҲûһ̳Ů죬ʱԽԽ㣬˲Ʒ
˵컹һЩ𣿡
ˮЦĿŮʵ
˻ǰţҲ֪ôˮվмλãվŮӣˮû
Ϊʲôô˵
Ƶ˵
һγžɽڵķ٣Ǹ̬۹⻹ǲĹ
ˮǺǵЦ
ˮ˼˵Ǻջˮ
û˵Լ˵ģ
ˮڸĵطСլӰɣҪͥԺ
׺¿ˮ˵
ҲôģʱסҲԡ
ˮǺ˵
׺бˮһۣԽԽڲԣԽԽļһôһ˶Լˣһ⻹һ㺡
ˮ۵լԺ٣ǮˣˮںǮԾھ̲ǺԶĵطһط̸򲻵һʱ㶨
һµСլԺС¥һСԺ䣬ÿֻ䷿Ѿ㹻ˣˮסլûʲôҪ󣬳ҲǸоڲ׺Ҳϰ߶ѡ
ˮѡ׺ҲǺԶΪ￿⻹ɽں͸ҵԭ򣬱Ͼ׺Ӧһ¡
߽µСլԺСԺʯ̳ɣر£һǸɳҾһӦȫսһӲӵɫ
ΪʲôҪҼûʲôɡ
߽󣬲׺˵
ŮԭԼڻѵĲԼɻĿ׺¡
ΪʲôôʱˣǿԳ㡢㣬ΪǵĺӣֲǺһǵĺӣҲǵŮʵڸо˼ټˡ
ˮűӿѾֱ¥Ĳ׺ºǺЦ
ˮû뵽ܺ½˵ġ
ЦЦҲ¥׷ϲ׺¡
ϿŮ¥ݵرио΢İڶߣر̧Ķһ欣һƶ衣
ˮϣⶰ¥¥ݣľʣˮô˵Ҳǰľʵ¥ݣϧھݴ½ֻӵľʡ
¥һңһͷ¥ݿиС䣬㿴󣬾ϵ¥¥ңһֿһ㣡
Ǻǣⷿӻס˸պã
ˮǺ˵Ůȴû˵ˮԼһ˵
һŮˮңˮоرܰĳЩʱػֻһ΢飬ǰˮ´齶ѡ
ûͣʱ䣬ˮŮʲôˮ˵ԼҪȥ̣ԺܿܰѴ󲿷ʱ䶼ڴ֮ϡ
Ůоûʲô˼˵ȥ䣬ŮˮֱŲԶȥ
Ѿ쵽գȴǺȣ˵ˮ֮˺οϹǿ֮ѲںϺ߿ȡ
ˮĺ˷ܡȵһֱˮˮоеâڱ뱻һĺȵĶ
磬ǸҲ֪¯Ͷ̨һЩþߣɲ鷳һ£
ˮһЦݣ뵽ԼɾлûдһЩҪþߡ
û⣬򵥣
ˬĴӦ
ˮһЩƱõģףȺ뿪ˮʼרŵĴ̨
ڴ̨ϴǵΪϰַȡ򣬴ĶԭʯԺʹá
ԭʯرܵסһˮǧϧԭʯˮһֱԭʯȥһָĺȣǧസΣ
ÿһȥˮᣬˮϹͺǿȭǾһΡϴӵģһʥ֣֮ˮַɣַһֱڷɿ
ǧˮԼͷβĸо䣬ԺгԼӰһǱٶȵġ
ˮıǰĹ˿ͶǾȻǾ;ȵĿ£ȻǷִٷ󼸸˿໥ЦҡҡͷЦ뿪
ˮԼǧҵÿζǻһȻԸĽǹӵĴóԽԽ£ˮĴ֮£ҲܰѴô𺳵Ч
ϹŶ֮еǧˮ״£Ȼ
ˮоǧԶԵУӦûһ׷ǳԵĴˮž͸оԽ˼顣
ˮڿпʼǰѴõĻǧ΢Ϲֹ̱ǺϢһ
һˮ֤ʵ״õĴ֮һϳ˵似ˮϲָпϹʱڵһҲ
ˮоһôĴӰһЩʵ߸˷ܡ
ˮѸղŴԭʯˣȻһݽʼ˵ζݽһδˮоԵĽ·ͻȻĳּһ㡣
һˮݽٶ˺ܶ࣬һһ£ˮҲׯޱȣͨĴӺͱͨݽһЩֵĽɫ֡
ִӵĸоǰ˿ͶˣǶĿĶȻָоǿľɫ
Ķ̫ζˡ
һװβŮӳԾ˵
һǸÿ
һ޵Ů˿Ŀˮ˵
ҿҲô˧һ·𿴵˼˵ɤش
ˮŲʣȫԼȥÿһĴ򶼸о泩ָоһϺӣرĸо
ھŰپʮ£ˮûͣͣǵɶĹâҲûг֣һǧԥ¡
һǧ°һԱǰιâǿĽâţˮ֪ǵһǧ¡
ֱһ¶ҰһϸĽâֺˮвų˾޴ľϲԼﵽϹŶ֮ļˮƽ
ˮŶ̨ԿɫҪܶݽеˮһӫȻǺԵȴǺƯȻ͸¶һӵĸо
ȲˮͨȥһˮϲޱȣȻûгؼҲûг˫ԼӳɣȴӶʮ
Ӷʮ
һѵҲӶͻǧǧԼӳɾȻֱӼӱ
ˮĿ־ǿԼĽĿ̫״˽ȡģˮûȥϹǿľ죬ͻȻԼһֱõǧȻӭУҼԲ͡
Ķ촸ȻҲǿ󣬶ˮԸоⴸرǿΪÿôĴΣôۻÿһǳ뻯
뷨ˮһˮԺҪǧ£ԴһЩǿıƷ¼סǶʯҸǿԵС
Ӷǰݽ൱ڼ˶ʮӶʮӶٽ
ˮղûж룬һ룬ˮʹˣһͨŮѽҲսʤһǿ׳ͨˣٽ΢ûдﵽʿ˵ǿ¶ٽġ
½ʿµģԹƣһѽͶһϣһЩͨҰҲΪ塣
СҲ⣬ߺ۷壬ٽǷǳ͹۵ģһ֮Ҳٽѣ֮ε
ˮôһ룬ԼҲǸǳ൱ݽ߳ãһˮнݽ΢һ㣬ƿȣָȲ࣬ڶʮ
һϵ˲䣬һԸоӽԼϣԼ㣬һ̧ͷʮרעĿԼ
ˮԻĿȺˡ
ѽô
һβŮߵˮǰʵ
ˮǰ޳ʿŮӣӦòʮɬƻǰһɽ巢ȫɬ˫˿˿Ըˮе㲻ϲΪ˫۾̫ˣˮоһɫŮӡ
ˮҡҡͷ˵
ı˵Ǯˡ
βʿŮӺˮӵ˵˵껹գգ˫ԸееζԶ
ϧͻԶͲ׺µľ͸ûñˣ˲ͬһʡ


235 ҵĲ׺
ҲûȵıҪ̫
ȻôҪۣӡ
ˮ΢ЦſԼȤŮ˵
ӣۣΪʦ
һ³
ЦһҲЦ
ŮӿˮЦȻζʮ㣬ԵҲܺ
и˵㿪ЦԼ˵ǮǶǮ˭ˡ
ˮмĿһۻŪŮӡ
ŮһȻĿˮоζϲӻãƾԼɫһԼֵֻû뵽ȴ˸ӡ
ȻҺ˵̹ţ
Ůӱ΢΢ˮ
ˮֻ˧һŮҡҡͷҪ˵ЩĵĻû˼ֱó
ʱ򣬺һſڣˮݽſȥ
ŮʱץŽŮһŽͻȻˮϮϧŵ·ˮĽеݽôƻȴķŵŮϸķ۾ϡ
һ˿ѪеޣݽŵĲһܵļƤŻƯһƬ԰ף˲亹¡
Ů˿ˮȻ΢Ц峺ÿ֪ԼѾתһȦ
ղĽʣλб仯ĻѾǸˣ߰˵´ϣһԥɱ㡣
ˮ΢Цջݽ˵
µ˶ǲŵĿ΢ЦЩ˾ҲֻһЩͨߣβŮ˧ʵһһлͦģҲǺŵһˡ
Ϊһһ˵һǿ˵һ˶Ƕµһ˭ҲûеŮ㣬ǲҪǶˡ
ݴ½رûΪͨҲǿᶯٽҵĶ
ż˰״þ߰ԱǸһ㣬ղŵЩѾ׷뿪βŮӵԹ
ˮǸŮеͷСһ㡣
ֵߺ˵ǵġ
еͷʲôͷ
ˮȤʵϳǿ޷ɽڡϻšҡ
ˮ뵽һЩȴǺǿļ壬Ǵϡ٣֮һرǿģ׺
һ˵õȮ죬ЩСһ㶼Ǻܵ͵Ȼһʱںܷ⣬ǲܳ־ãΪǸνõ֮ˡκ⣬һκ̻عԭƽλá
Щ΢еʱǿҲǺܵ͵ţһ㶼ĬĬΪԼõϣԼŬ£˵ķչ֮
ֻͼԼһʱȴǺܿΪŵѣЩҴ壬Ϊǵϵ࣬˸࣬ܳŵҲֹһ𼸸ҲӰ쵽λȻһ⣬ͻܵӰ죬޷·
ûʲôֻӵãƽʱҵҲ˸ǣϣҪʲô㲻顣
ֵĵ˵
õģֱǮ
ˮЦŰݽݸ֡
ֽӹˮݹȥݽϲɫˮֶ֪ڴżȵĳԡ
˺ܾãֲŻĿˮ̾öȴеϧһ㼦ߣҲ˵ǼߣʱüǮ
ֵĻˮʵףϾϵûʲô˼һǵˮ룬ܿηˮĶһһݴ½޷˿лǿߣҲǺܶࡣ
µȴǺ࣬˵ԼѱӦÿһǳļǮؼԼڵԵȴֻһƬǰѽȻǮ˲٣ҲǵǮˡ
ˮЦˣԼȻûеƾԼĶԿԺܿ죬Ǯȱ˾ͿһЩϵεĲϣ򲻵ĵһЩߵģԺԻ˴ŶԼ죬ʱԼȡһΪ
磬ŪдչֽҲԺǾͳֱǮߵ㡣
ˮǰ;һƬĵ˵
áð죬ֱֻٺأ
ֿˮãʵ
ǿʼΪ˴˵ʲôǮĻܿأ
ˮ΢Ц˵š
ۡ˻³֣
ԣͱӣƺܿͻһȥǱɷɵҲãھҪҪø֪ǵ̡
ɫˣˮظլȴ׺ºͻ߽̣ˮ΢ЦĿž欵Ůˡ
ôûȥʲô
һ˵ˮԼ졣
һȥôͲ뿴ǣ
׺ƽĿˮˮ
ˮûü˵׺ȴѾת뿪ԹĿˮˮ½ˣȥ
˵Ų׺µķȥˮűӣԼôˣŮ˹ȻֵĶԼ㲻ôͻȻôϲŭ޳׺뿪ŷԼôô嶯ԼΪʲôҪôһ뵽ռԼٱˣԼӣӣ̺áܲϲԼ
ôԼΪʲô뿴Լ
ͻȻ׺¸еĺңѵΪϲԼԼŻôһ뵽׺ĸˡ
ϲҲϲûԺҲҪ
׺°ĸԼ
½㣡
ϲ׺סĸ첲Ŀ
ˮûб˼ģ㲻Ҫˡ
˵
ûߣˡ
׺ЦŻ˵
Ůĵ˵һЩŮ飬ֻǻȴеɬĸо֪׺µ仯ںһ˵ı֣ʹûϲѾʼںѾӰˡ
ˮΣ׺Ī뿪ҲǺܲתıӰˮֻܿЦ֪ʲôҲϣ׺貵ЦݺЦݡ
ЦݲֻǴǵůˮоЦԵģǻֹǵЦСŮ˵Цое㲻׺¡
ˮͷȥЩ˵뷨Ů鷳ǶԸ鷳ȥһײ;ߡ
ߵһʼ÷ŵſڵĴþߣ˵ôȵĿˮˣ


236 ͼס
ߵСլԺˮֱӰ״þ߶ɾУȻٳһײ;ߣ̤϶¥򵥵Ĳһ³ô˵ԺԼҪסġ
ֻܳԼɾĶˣˮĵȻֻкڹȴûгԵĵزȴÿζоرóԡ
ˮһֱԺһЩˮƷֻ֣һֱûй˵ϣ򵥵һԵӺˮͽɾ
ˮھ׳ɽǿ΢Զĵط¯ʲôþ߲úãʮҲŹȥ
һвúúˮʼԼϹǿ۶æʲôԲϹǿܶÿϰǱģˮѾ԰Ϲǿһתʮ졣
һ죬Ҳʮ죬ȻʼϰԼġѾǰ徳Ľˮʩչĸоһ㡣
ˮһͻʱ䣬Ͷ뵱Уˮعһȥˡ
ϢӣȻ˴ӡŴһǧӡݻһȭȭȻֻһУȴ޾ֻǿ˵ͷӦȭһַԴѨΪȭԽַκϹУ
̫ȭ徳̫ȭԳΪˮóֵ似һǹԵ似̫ȭˮҲǸܵһЩǵԵĹģھ͸Ӧüǿϰˡ
ˮرϲ̫ȭеĵޣεϰѴеĸоǾɶ칤һ㣬Ƿɺȭʥ֮Ƿֲġ
ˮõóֵľǡ˴ӡΡ̫ȭȻˮоԼһֱİͽ룡
ʱΪһرʥ֮Ϊôһ
ʥ֮ͬҲҪϹУӹǡ̱Ԫϵ׼ȷͬʱʥ֮ʱϹżĺô
мϢΣЩͻͨͨ񻶿Ľˮ̨ϧûдһЩԭʯռİȴǲõȻˮʹãоþ˷ѡ
ǰѴˮ뵽ǧȻܴ쵫ϰˮĵǰ׶೤Ĵ
һֹӴϢɢͱ͵ıǰʮı
һѣԵҲ˫Ŷˮմƻ򡢴ɨˮٶȽӿ죬ҲԽԽŰ徳ľ飬ˮôܿ죬ʱ䲻嵫Ҳʦˮƽ
νһͨͨŰľһжǿԺ֣ǾĺôжԵʱԿԷĹ·ԶܶԷԷһɱ
ˮһӰְԵϢиǼŲбǴӵİԵ֮
ȭַ徳̫ȭַǧУˮ桰һֹܵͻͣ¼ֻ趯Ĵûͣ¡
ȭַҲԼĸܣԻǿϣַµĴ趯жһ˿鶯ζ
̫ȭַܲʺϴҲͷǸͷרĵ⿴ӵĴ촸
ϢᣬȻʱҲͣ˼ȻһٽŻ裬ڵĻһԷ֣ˮĴӴӿʼĽӲ泩ת䣬ĴҲøˮɵζ
ˮһһʱһɽɽǹϲϢҲɽһ㣡
飡
ˮһڵȻʹվˮʶܵʶȻ󾪴ˣ
һˮܵʶпʲôĵʶϹŶ֮Уǧ˼ˮϤĶ
ͼͼ׺;ˮĿţñΡƤ¡˿ȹţƤѥ
ɫʯдߡ÷ӡۼסȹѥ
ݽͭǹìͭɽ˫˫
òɳ˿ʴצצ˿ħ⡢ϡ
ţƤޡţޡͭȦ黷Ҷ𱳴󿳵
ˮЩˣȻֻʮʮҲʮģˮĻֻ֣ǺϤһ룬û⣬ݴ½ĶԼĶ̫ˣϾǰϷгֵһЩֻǾţһë
θо֪㣬ͻȻôͼףЩֻһС֣Ϊ滹ԸԼѱʦƷ
Щͼ׺ˮĴ·һ·ҵ·һ㣬ˮĵĴ½ͼ׿һ顣
Щ޼۵ģˮ֪ԼղŰǧʦľ絼³˶ͼס
ˮ˶ʯϳͼףˮһ£ȻҲȻϾʵʲôҪ̣ԼҪʱġҪҩ
û뵽һʼΪһ׼򵥵Ķ촸һֱΪǾΪ˶ʯ¼סװõģû뵽Ȼ˴ͼ׵Ĵš
ԭϹŶ֮ǧǷֲģǿǧһ似ԶԵеĻˮỨô˼档
ԼĸûһǼߣһһÿһž޴ôˮǰԼֻҪԼĸܶҪһҪԼŬ
ɾˮǸоȱ˶ʮʱ䣬ԲֹʮΪһг˱ҪĵʱʱҲͻȻ顣
ҪѧĶԽԽ࣬оʱ䲢ô֡
ʶеͼԶôתţɢĴˮĹˮľֻǺССʤޣˮ֪ˡ
ˮ֪ԼͻʦﵽоǾͻָĴͼףǰ߸߼ľҲܻĴͼס
ˮԼǿװףǰҾͼҪϹǿҩͻơ
ˮˣʼϹŶ֮ûгֶͼΪԼûд򵽣ԼĴ򴸶ߡֵЩͼ˵ԼѾԴЩ
ˮڴĸ߼ͼףˮ㣬ϲһ࣬ʲôǿ֣ǿ֡
ٴͷβϸĿһ飬μоʱѾ࣬ͻȻˮرϵǧľһˮֱӰܷѿãԼҲʧʲô
ѿˣԼͲȱǧľˣڵҲҵȻ˿壬ˮֻ֪ЩĻǱϣ
ǧľˮͻȻĿԱһֱûпǸԼˮȵڿˣ
෢ѿ࿪ʲôȻҪôá
ˮе㷢
ˮǲԾС֦һʢķֺ컨䣬ղűҩĵţһʱûпˮ˷ܵ߹ȥ
һ
ˮüۺĻһֻеǷ۵Ļ侧Ө͸ɢرš
⵽ʲôľһγԼŷѿܳһ֦׳ĲԾ֦ʱ䳤׳ֻСֱ۴ϸھ붥һƴһڴСķۺ컨䣬Ʒһ㡣
ĺڴʲô
ˮĵĿ֮ڴһ죬ˮ²ӦþԲ֮֮֮֮⼸ֹӡ


237 ͭս
ˮʱжֲҩݼֵģԭҪԽӦԽã
ڴС䣬޵±ԼĿήˣǾ͵òʧˮо⻨Ӧ쳣ǿ˵ͨקӦקȻˮǲĵ飡
ļҲҪˣȻʮһ죬ɾУһʱˮɾʮΣȻÿζֻаٿźͰƬʱһۻľͲˡ
㿴ˮͳɾһҹСլԺжȹ˯ĻǺһ
Ѿ죬ĺ磬Ļһ£ԳĶˮתһϹǿһǱȽǿ̫ȭ
극ʱѾͣûȥ洫Ķˮ΢Ц߽ȥ
ڴ죬רעˮоһĺӣ뵽ԼǧûϹ֧ЧһɣӦñĴַһɣ
ˮ󣬺ַеĻǸѾ˵ˣȥó
ЦǺǵ˵Ǽȥ
óһǾµİɫͩľ壬һ״Сɫдչԭʯϧ߼ʯչֱʯ
дż۸飬ˮоԣȻ򵥵ٰԼ˼ˣˮӷŵſڡ
ĴҪǰѽӣ
ֹʵ
ǾǴ˵٣ڵĶûˣ˵ˡ
ˮǺǵЦ
ЦЦóһ۵ǩӣӣǩһֻˮǰݽĻϡ
磬֪벻ѧϰҵĶ촸Ҳ㲻ٴˮƽ
ˮ˵пϵʮӸоܿġ
رɻ󲻽⣬֪ǰΪʲôԼôãҪ֪ǸʦЯ䣬˵Լ׷ǹʣΪԼҽθ첲Ѿ˷˼
ɾûɣҪԼʦĴѵԼеĹˡ
ִĿ΢ЦˮԼûʲôöԷͼıģԼûǿ似
Ϊ˼иǲֵһᣬ˼һڱ壬ԼһѣڱԼͿʵԼ룬үүԸҲûпܡ
Ҫң
еϲеɻ
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ˮѻХ̸֣ε̸֣뵽θ֡
ֻҪѧ߼Ĵ죬ʲôԸѧǮƣҲûУ治֪α㡣
˵
ǺǣֻҪҵֵܿͿԣұ󣡡
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ϺӽͶһˣֻҪܰﵽģʲôҶĸԸΪȥ
֪ˮûлĺͼʱеǷݸм֪ô
磬ˣͿˣﲻңʱɣ󣬾Ϳѧϰõ״ˡ
ˮ΢ЦĵݸһƤֽ
ֲһĽӹˮƤֽˮͷ̺ȥԭ滹еţͥԺǴˮͲ֪ˡ
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ˮôһĶϵѽζõͭھݴ½ͭѾװƷԺͭı
ͭı̫ݴ½ұʱġͭͻӲӵ̫ͻ̫Ӳ۶ϡ
ͭһ㶼壬ͭʹҲͭͭر
ˮȴǶֻͭˮõͭǰͭķһĴСһģ棡
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Ȼְҵǵ͵ְҵܴõı¼׾͸أҪһܴñ¼׵ʵҲ죬һرˮƽеλǺܵ͵ġ
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ˮ⻰൱ԣԼֻһͨǿܱԶˮΪԼ̴
ңÿѽܸӻҪࣿ
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ˮ£ͬǵھŰپʮŴһǵϤĹâ𣬴ԼͻƲǧǵͭе֮⣬ǵâֺͭϳһ貵̹âܵȴǺܺÿ
ˮ֪õװ׳ʱɢ߲⣬Լڴֻ¶еһ˿Σһ⡢⡭߲Զ
ˮǺܼĿͭϾǵһöͼϵķʽ죬ˮϣؼ֡
Ըõģʵǲпģˮûпһֱ֣ҲԼϵеġ
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ˮ˵ԾȻ˫ӣˮǱȽģϾһΰϹŶͼ׶죬ЧԶ׼Ӳ٣ܿɹԾȻô໹˫ӡ
ˮĵѿͦ۵ͭĽ͸̵ӫ⣬ͨ忴ʵصĸо
һͭˮ͸оǰݽĸоͬʱоεĻһ㣬Ǹоһʹľһر𿺷ܡ
ÿһʮӳɣʮٽӳɣʮˮоӦü˲ٽ￹һЩ־
֪ˣнϣ
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ˮƬ̷½½ƽʱ˺üˣ󲿷ֶȥǰݽ֮
½Ϊӳıһֻ˵˲ָһ¶ԲԼҵԼоرһ
ղǲҪսңҽս
ˮǰԶŭԼ˵


238 ŵϻ庮ҷ
ˮĻһھñŭþȣžͿĵĿˮе㼱ٵ˵Ҫһظҵİţ
ԣҪֻҪ㱧Ǹſվ죡
ˮЦǺǵָſǸдչԭʯʯʯ˵
ڴʱһӥ٣̣
ˮüΪһȺ³룬һǱ־ԵķװξÿһܴĿյء
ˮɽڵı־̲סЦǸʱ֪ôˡ
ˮǴôûԼ鷳ԭҵԼֻǲ֪һδ˭ǰˮ²ⳤӦǲˣϾϴβ׺һӣܻԼ
С֣󣿡
һʮҵߵĴʵ
С֣
ˮѪС֣ĻСˮǸʴӵ꣬߸׳׳ָͦ˫۾һԵеб
磬ҲԼ涪ɽڵҲˡ
ίĿǸί˵
ҾͲףүүΪʲôҲ֣С֣͵͵Ϊ㱨İ
ٺٵЦſŴӡ
ı磬ĵ¥¥СѾΪ׼ˡ
æ˵ֻôӵùˮĶ䡣
ĵ¥Ƕ¥ʲôˮԼʲ׺ĵ¥飬뵽뿪ˮ֪Բ׺µĸԾԲԼ
е㷳ңˮôǸ̵ģֲ˵ŮãԽƯŮԽá
Сӣ㲻֪ɽڵ𣿡
һȴˮ˼õĿебꡣ
ֲöϲɽŴֻҪɽһԵİ³־Ͽϳһˡ
֪Ȼ֪ˣˮȴЦ˵
Сӿ㳤ĲôΪʲôͰЩأ˸㲻׳˫۾΢һ㣬ԵðһЩ
㲻ΪǴ֡ˮƽ˵ȴ
ҲģȴͻȻһѳˮȥ
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ˮ۾絶Ŀ⿴ų꣬ŵĴ籼׵һٶꡣ
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ӣ˵ټͻǸŪ𡣡
ˮͻȻĿɿڴĴӣ˵˲䣬еĴˮ˳ȥֻǿһƬģ
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ӴУϧѾˣ
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ˮɽûκκøУһʼķ١үүкüϡĴӡ
˵ײ񡣿ɽڵˮҹά˵׼һǵǵ˻ŵĿܡ
ɽӵ˵ϲ̨棬ҲûôǵǵļҳӦҲЩǣЩǲã
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ˣȥǱվ죡
Ͻ˵
ˮҲ̲ס¶һЦ⣬˿ǿˮղŵѪֶΣٿˮһЦ⣬ôоһ㣬ȴָоô
ȺɢˮŵͭôۣûȾ˿ѪȣΪˮͭ͸ҲˮΪʲôûͭԭ
ôһȥһˣˮǰѴѪĴӣĴȻҲȾѪȣˮˮϴѪȣˮ׼ٴһѵʱ򣬽һŮˣһ˷欣ϢˮŮӣˮһͻһμʱ龰
׼ΣԲ̵ͦĸյôһ˫ֱ޳˫߶֮ҡҷˡ֮ζĶǣ㷢磬һֱۣͦıӣ΢̵ӣСˮĲģ˼С졣
ϻ庮ҷ


239 ˮľ
ˮһλϻŵĴŮˣֻˮû뵽ô
ˮüеԻӣ庮ҷջС΢ţ¶һ˿ѩıⱴݣǳЦǿƷ޵ǣ¶ȴϵȵģͻеһƴ
ôϲҡ
Ը촽һ˿΢ЦҲеįĿˮʵֻǴˮġ
Ϊиŵиǿиܴͽֻû뵽ǸķзȻˮ
庮ҷûü͸оˮԼܲһ㣬õһػյȼһӱһˮ˲Ϩ
ˮеϤһ룬׺²˼Ҳ֪ΪʲôһŸϽЦ
ôأֻǿ㾪ϲһʱû˺ɫŮͻᷢ
ˮǺǵ˵
庮ҷһ㶣ûпˮһ棬ر콣ڶ̨϶ԼһѾӡԺ庮ҷУˮͺɫմϱߵġ
塢ȴӡ庮ҷУ뵽ˮΪǸŮ񱩵һ棬оǸŮӵʱȻ˵ôؿǺֵеĽǸŮӡ

庮ҷˮеǿװҲ֪ԼʲôоǶôϣˮȻȻԼǰ̸ЦԼɺܺõѡ
ǰӼѰ׬㻨Ǯá
ˮѴӷŬȻ΢Ц˵
ˮĻ庮ҷֱӹˣһֱ˽ˮֻھ͸Ӿˮİ֪һʵ
ô֪
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·˵иŵиһѱӣһɽڵ˸һ롣
庮ҷĿˮˮϿʲôϧʧˡ
庮ҷһ˵ˮԼɽڵĳԹˣ˵ǲܵģ˭֪ɽڻ᲻߳ŭһеıԼ׺ǲܱԼ˵׼
˲翿ԼˮԼʵ¶ԼûʲôвϵĸɽӦòǱضǣԸԼҲþܳɣΪˮԼı
ԼΣյʱԶɾУԼıоԣΪˮɾһ൱ʱʱ䡣
ʱʱ˵˵Ҳ̣൱ĸСʱĵˣ˵ʱʮʱҲĵغǰҲ֪ԼܣҲ֪Ҳš
ôˮɾȫԼϢٸҲԷԼϢֻҪ˦һξɾͿкܴĻᱣסûɾϽһЩյĵط赶ɱҲûпܵġ
ˮо庮ҷûл˵ʵϤ˽⼸ûУˮ˵˼䳡滰Ͳ֪˵ʲôںϻŵˮûȤʣԼȻҲ˫޹ǶԱ˫޿ûʲôȤ
ˣллЩҿԸоԼǿ٣ʵҲӺö࣬һֵĸо
庮ҷ뵽ˮӼʮԪжˮһصĸо
лүүҵĻƽ֥Ѿ㹻ˣ˵콣Ҳˡ
ˮڨЦ˵
һ뵽콣ڶ̨ϱӴˣ뵽ûκԥԼ־͸оرһμԼµ֣ǵˮ

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庮ҷˮ˫Ȼһĵ˲ֱӡ
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ˮ庮ҷֻһ֮࣬һ˲ˮǰʹıסֳ嶯رǿң庮ҷ̧ͷˮʱˮһ
ŵ
ˮԼѳֲסڵ飬ǾȻԼµľţֻ䵽庮ҷоͱζ
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㲻ǲ̲ס㵽ڵ顣
ˮƵ˵
庮ҷˮ׵Ļһߵ˫¾ӨĶ䶼ͨ죬һֱ쵽޳ķ۾˫ˮһ֮жˮһ㣬ܻӭһĿˮ
ˮűӿЦĿ庮ҷˮ˷Ӧر庮ҷеľ֮ˮоԼ˫޹ֿʼԶת庮ҷ欵ɢϢرĳ嶯
庮ҷˮеȵе㲻黹һΣеСŮ˵ˮĵЦһ£ĵջˮֻܰһŷɫջĴϵˮʹ뷨رǿңϧˮ֮һ㿹ܣˮٵŮˡ
ӢڣټǿҲŮ˵ᣬˮԼ־˵ԼΪԼһֱܼǿǸ˻ΪԼ־ǿһ־ǿҵûнˮԶһ񣬻콣ڵŮʦԼǲҪΪʲôʥһ׵ʨԼԿ𡭡ˣԷллһòã
庮ҷˮͭ˵ţ˵һǺǿĽڡ
ˮؾ΢΢ͷȥˮˮ˵ʧĻ
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ˮ庮ҷӾ֪뷨ˮǸԱˣһˣǸ׸жˡ
ѽĺ棬ҲƯ
ˮź庮ҷڽϵʱ庮ҷĵˮ˵
ˮԼլԺԼԣһͷˣˮ߻ˮо߻ĿԺܸߣֻȥ⸽ľ¥
ϲ
ˮ庮ҷ·ϣʣھݴ½ûУʹȲ˸еƣŨǰ޷ġ
Ǻǣϲ
庮ҷĻشˮܳԾ̲סʵΪʲô
Ϊ̫ûôǮ
庮ҷգգ˫ֹǵЦ


240 꽻
ˮһ㶣Цſ庮ҷҪϲȥҲҪһӣ
ģ
庮ҷϲĿˮ
Ȼģ㲻ǲϲ𣿡
ˮɻʵˮڸȥŮΪʲôΪʱŮûɣҲԼ֪Ϊʲô
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庮ҷǺЦ
˵˵ЦЦ˿ͦĽܰһŮر庮ҷɢŮζ˶Ŀתſ
ͻȻˮסˣɬĿǰ庮ҷˮҲ̲ס̧ͷ
ԶĻͲ׺̸Ц˹ˮоΪΣˮ֪˵ʲôΪҲʶ庮ҷġ
ǻ᲻ΪԼԼҽε˹أ
ˮҲ²⣬ųһε顣
׺ºͻֻǵɨˮһۣһ۾һİˣȻҲûпˮֱ˹ȥ
ˮεĿ庮ҷʧǿ϶еģеԹ׺ôĮȻ
ǸϵĴŮǳ׻ˣˮ֪ԼٺЦһ㶼ˡ
ǻǲ˽Լ׺ˮолеʣҲڹԼġˮǲΪǲģȥǸ
庮ҷ˵Ҫȥ׷ܿӰŮ
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ˮ庮ҷתæסЦ
ˮҲûע⣬ȻعȴǷס庮ҷ۵С֣ϸĴˮرио
庮ҷͻȻˮסСֱ΢Ȱסůĸоеȴϲоˮ˵ĻܿģҲ֪Ŀġ
Ҳˮϵ˫޹ϢֻˮΪټʮԭ򣬵ˮһδҲǲȱٵذɡ
ˮҪɿʱͻȻоһֱûͣϢ˫ݹ˳ֱ۴뵽庮ҷ塣
ˮԸܵԼġ庮ҷʱͻȻĲŮ˻۷ʱĲ
ôһ˲庮ҷ˫ĵӲ޵糺һƬˮŽ޷ʱȴо庮ҷͬʱ뵽ĳ״̬
ָоξһ㣬ȴǺʵеԼ庮ҷһ䣬һɫķ䣬ɫĴ齣ѪڣرջĴ齡
ˮûпһŴ齿иоϯ˼˫˴齣ǷɫĴ棬ɫĴ졢ӣо˶ݽȥֻ¶һСֵĸоر뵽иŮһۺջ
ξˮǺ庮ҷǣվڴߣˮξн޲ɷ欵庮ҷرܻӭȻ̬
ѵĵ
ˮоʱϹǿѾʼתʱ庮ҷȴˮͨ꽻һ㣬ʱǴͬһξȴǲܿԼһ㣬ֻܸܺ͹ۿ
Żˮڸ
ξе庮ҷȥ㣬İô¶ˮǰһ˿ң
ʵе庮ҷޱȴֲԼƣξеԼ·ǷξеԼûκηӦ

е庮ҷһ˿ҵվˮǰΪе㷢㶵ˮ½ˮȴǿ庮ҷѩͪ壬ͦѩأرǶ˵ۺ죬ΡΡͦѩɢħ
ƽ̹С׼ŻԲ̵ͦĽǷ飬ֱ޳û·
һˮ·ҲǾֿŵļ⣬ˮϹǿǽǡ壬ˮļȳƵļɢĹ󣬵µǸ֮ȴһǹʹξ庮ҷ̲סС΢š
庮ҷˮϴ齣վڴϣλðĿռ䣬һĿѣԡ
ˮĻѾ˱ԵˮоԼĻҪԼգڵϹǿתš
ˮˣҰıסĽֻǲΡΡأ֬ů񣬱еԾˡ
ҰˮѩУҵţסǶ˵ķۺ飬ʹ˱
оȻôʵˮ뷨ˮ֪ⲻģˮŻ᲻庮ҷһϾˮóʱûгŮ˵ζˣ뵽¸¥ĻˮҪͨеĻ
еû뵽Ȼʵһģһ
ξеˮ庮ҷоһɵĸоȲĸоϮһػ棡
һ֮ˮоһ⣬һִֻ庮ҷ쵽Բ̵ϣĴˮץסɿץסɿһᣬˮǽԸ촽˳Ĳ庮ҷĶС࣬˱еҺ˱庮ҷѡ
ʱˮ庮ҷǿĸܵȴԹһۿĻһԼģ۾Ҳûãֱӳġ
庮ҷˮѹ£ˮ䣬ȻͿ֮Ȼû룬ǾӾˮ֪ʲôʴǡ
ĵУڣС΢΢ϣֵĽٴرֱӳڶһ㡣
ɽҵйһ㣬ˮҲƲסĶ˫޹ҲǷ
ˮо庮ҷŮ˲ͬһȴǱ̹ǵĸоеı죬Ȼ庮ҷȿȴǱ̹ǣˮ֪ǾǾ֮һֱӻᱻǾ֮壬̱ʧȥ֪Сᶪ
ֻˮһϹǿϹת˫޹ˮ̸оǱĻ̱
庮ҷһһĻΪξǵĸܣҲֵһεʹ
ˮץסȨͼеʽһĳԣˮֽ庮ҷ˫޹ҲʼתҺܿˮﵽˮ齻ڵĵز
һ庮ҷޱȣˮȻ˫޹Լ˫޹ֻΪֻ̣һ˲ľȺûӿĿеС
֪ΪʲôŮ鲻԰Σ꣬ڷһĸо
ξеĸܺʵǽϢҲ˸ϵ覣ЩַʹߣˮֻҪԼǸͻǸر庮ҷڴϣպߵĻźԼĶѩԲ̵θ߸𣬿ں˿
ˮײѩΣСѩϵоĻ庮ҷķ顣
ˮ庮ҷеĶһʱξȥһһҹʱ䣬ˮоڷ΢ĸоرתϹǿξˮͻƵʮ죬˫ˮ齻ˮоϹܶ࣬ıֻѴСҺһҴС


241 ˮ֮
ξһʧˣˮ庮ҷصʵУˮһÿ׺ºͻʧӰ
ξһһҹʱʵԭҲŹȥѣʱˮ庮ҷֽţ˫޹ҶӰ֮ѭоرˬֻ庮ҷѾǼͦصȥˡ
ջĿˮѾߵ޵ݵ庮ҷˮ뵽ԼһԼĻر̼ôЩ컵ĻֱӡǵĸоһӶǡ
ˮû뵽ڡξŮΪԼ»ǽԼѵһɶ뵽ķһĶղŵһкûʲô꽻ڣʵлһҲѷɫϳ˵ģǿ顣
ˮ뵽ղʲôƶ˸ˣһĽھˣˮû뵽ԼȻˡԵ֡뵽ԼǡξԼһ㣬뵽ʲôƣξоͻʲôơղʴǵĸо޷еǷûУһӣ
ȻʵҲֻ庮ҷ֣˹ϵʵʺŮϵѾûʲôʵеĻܱʾ˵Ĺϵ
ڻζ
ˮŵͷ̧ͷ庮ҷζ˵

ҵ̧ͷšξϤķ齿ճˮǰۻҵĲ֪ÿ
Է𣿡
ˮѾܲ庮ҷ֪庮ҷξΪ顣
ˮҲġ
庮ҷ˫ǾӨˮҪ޳ˡ
ˮһ庮ҷٶˮʱҲ֪ʲôо˵ǰǲܵģҪΪһʵζʲôˣȥԷɣ
ˮһе庮ҷ
ˮ߱߸Լı仯־Ȼ庮ҷһε˫Լʵ٣ѵҺҲкҴСתɢǿԼĶѡ
庮ҷʱĿһߵˮһˮŤͷʱͻæ㿪µĶɿɰķۺɫ
ϳǿ¥ˮ庮ҷǰһ컵ġξˮߵ庮ҷһ㣬ˮ˽ȥ
ҾƵˮһˮûȥƵϰߣо˼仹е㲻磬ȴܴߣÿһ㶼С
ʵһϲУƾԼõԼҪһСһ־ӣӵһ㶼ﵽһֶ߶ȣҪѾĮġ
С㣬룡
ˮ庮ҷһŮ̴¥ȥˮ˵Ҫȥߵһ㣬ǿԿ֣λá
˼ˣоƣǰζˣҲֻǺǰûʲôֱһܶݵĵز
Ҳ¥λñȽϹ˲ô࣬Կλûʣ²٣ԿȺԶ̨ͤ¥
庮ҷһֱԸе촽ʱ͵͵Ĵˮʱῴķˮץͻ޴Ķ㿪ŽߵϦϼ
ϲ͵͵Ŀҡ
ʣʱһη庮ҷ͵͵ԼˮǺЦʵ
庮ҷˮʶһֳʵŮӣûôСŮ̬ˮоеɰζ
ˮ֪ߵãҲΪԼй֮ס仯ǲֻǻײڣǧ˵Ҳһԡ
ˮǲ֮塣
庮ҷûнˮĻ̧ͷˮʵ
ˮû뵽庮ҷʳ⣬ˮҲ֪Լǲ֮壬Կ϶Լرܳס庮ҷľ֮ǿ϶ġ
Ҳ֪Ϊ֮岢ûһ϶ĸ
ˮȴӲŵ庮ҷڨڨЦ
ʵСԿ𣿡
庮ҷĿƲ⣬Ѿϼܲ

ˮɻʵȴǰЦŻ᲻úõ٩һôԵԼ
㲻˵һǲ֮壬ǲܺŮˡʱܳ񡭡ǸξǸʵôʱ䡭㲻֮壿
ˮ庮ҷµ˵ĻԼĶ˸һŮ˵ЩҲǿѪڵģرɫɲ͵ζˮ֪ԼǣܻܿԼֻ֮ΪǸο
ɵѾͷ֮ҲڰɣȻûԹ֪ڸҹû⡣
ˮٺٵЦ
ˮ¶ǵĻ庮ҷеĻţҵĵɰ㰮Ůһ㣬ɵˮоļȸζˮ֪ʵһûаŮӡ
ˣԷɣպʱеǡ
ˮݸ庮ҷһ˫ƿӺǺǵ˵
ӹˮĿӣˮһӿˮһۣȻʼСڳ˼ȴǲ֪ܵ
ʵˮҲ֪Լǲ֮壬Ϲǿ죬Ӧñֵ֮й֮޲ɡ
һٷԵеƣ庮ҷһֱûô̧ͷˮʱܾᣬǧһܺԼ˫޵Ļˮͷһ뷢ѾźüŮӡ
ˮҲԼŮƣҲֻһ룬ʦװѾԼδޣ¸¥ҲԼˣ⣬һ˫ˮںҡ
ˮ֪ԼûڼŮ֮䣬ղϲ׺ºͻһʹѻûȷϵѾˣԼ黹ǡ뵽ˮӣԼֲǸϵǸŮһԼɵģ뵽оһ㡣
߰ɣ
ϵĶһ࣬ˮθغãʵǣղšξֳܺá
Ҫ̣ǧҩ𣿡
߳ϳǿ¥ˮ庮ҷʵ
ţ
ʲô𣿡
ˮĿԼ庮ҷº͵ʵ
庮ҷһůˮһ˵һģѾˮӰӡ
Ժɲȥ㣿
庮ҷҧԸе´˵
Ȼԣʱңһ㲻뿪̡
ˮǺ˵
ˣԼҪСĵɽڡ
ˮ庮ҷıӰζôĺÿֱǵٻӰʧȺвת
ͭΪ׼ģֻǻûüȴ͸庮ҷ̧ȥ׼ȥ򼸰ȡմԼؼ
ص̷ֺڣˮҲ֪ǵźһСԺӣˮЦЦ
ԹûУ
ճ꣬оô
ˮЦǺǵĿźʰԹĲ;ߣһ˳ԷԼ֣ԼֵʱҲ١
ŻУмطת
Ļش
ţһҰ㿴ֻҪͿһһˣʱôˡ
ˮЦ˵
Ҳ¿ֻҪеͿԣ
һԭʯͿʼҪպãĶһעַ
ˮһһĴٶȿȴּǸоô¡
ߣȥԺɣҰ㿴Ҫע⡣
һˮʰõĺ˵
ԺˮһСԺӳ߰ңСʲôûУģϧ̫Сˡ
ŻεʽεʽԼǻХûκģûʽġ


242 ɽڵڡ֮
ˮźɬĴŻΣڸտʼϰѾһһûκˣںֿͣȻߵٱͨҪǿ١
֣ȭΣ
ˮ˵һ˺˫΢΢ˮĽδ飬ߴ˵еҪ㡣
ˮĿźֿԱ׼ĴεӣΣȻ
ص̴ţˮͿʼÿĴ죬ĬĬԼ飬һжΪԼʵΪ
ˮ֪ϳһǿѾڸˣرˮնɱɽڵ˸Ǳķз
ˮûʱͷֺܶԼС̣˶Ƕˮˮ¿˶ð಻ĵϾſڵĴƻر۵ġ
㿴Ǯգ
һһڵʯˮʵ
ˮ֪ʲôȥ֪ǵ֣Ϊˮҽξ˵ʥֻ֮һֹЧ
Ըܵκڲ죬ܸ̺ܵġǡԽߣļֵͻԽߣڸһļֵʱͨá
ˮ΢ЦڵĽϧĽһķ˺ܶ࣬Լɾİǲ˲ֹһΡ
һӣ
ˮ˵һǮˮоࡣ
һȻ˵ãǺǮҲ
ˮڵĶֵҲʵֽӹԭʯͬʱݸһŰƱ
ҿˮչļ۸ǺܹģΪڱ̺ԭʯСʮӡ
ʲôҲ𣿡
һˮС
ˮһĺӣʮ꣬Ũüۣûһĺ룬һЦ¶ѩ׵ݣ˸оر
ţǸϵ˵ҸǮرصĶһõȼ۵ĶľԿġ
ˮһ΢Ц˵
ӿˮһĵͷȴ˵ϧûУеĻһ㻻
ȣһΪʲôöأԭǿջ
ûоͲҪ˵
ˮ΢ЦĽԭʯźãղǿ黹ûõԭʯˮû뵽ִıȻֻʣһѲдƷˮĿɿڴĿֻʣԼǰݽһչӡ
̱չˣǻкܶǰһݽҪ۵ıˮлˡ
ɽڣ
ǾС𣿵ɽڵˣθǽɽڵӵɱ
һͨһģ˵
Ӵɫ̫ʦվ޳վһϱ˵ϢɢϬϢһ㣬˿˿룡
һɫ۳еˣ۾һɣֵͦñӼǹ°Ĵ˸о˺죬رζ
Ϊվˣӥϣ֪ӳܣСӲΪ壬ıǲ׺ǲ׺֪𣿡
͸κͲʣԼΪһ֮ϳʵߣϳԼڣǸδɵСεɽ澡ʧʧϡ
ʧС£Ҳȱ⼸õĳϣȴϲ׺ڶǧԼ׺ҵǸǲǵģǾԲԶġ
׺ϴηȥ糤ϡϵǸ𣿡
˰ͷʵ
ԣ˵ǧǵˣһη糤ϲȥѾɽڵĳϣǸµѾ͵غӵ
ģĲɣ˵˵
ӥغӵ̲סһȻ˵ѵǾСȥѾʼ˵ɽڵĻˣҥɡ
˵ûбҪܣڵǸùܹˣЩʲôҲ֪һСӱĴﲻ˼ˣ˭˽ԶȥԸ
˵뿪ûʵĴ
ӥһ仰̲סѸټӿ죬ɢϵϢļ¡
Ϣ˵ɽ߳ݻվڸ߸ߵ̨ۣ֮ų̨ͨףǵȴɢϬϢͦϵһɡ
ͷտգ΢΢̾źȥÿһ̧ڼʱһֻź̧ܿξڵʵʵϼ߷úٶ߳ģоر죬ʵ죡
ܿſڣõλֻɽڴ΢һ㣬һаȫǺɫͻɫׯϾǳƣ
һ̤ׯµĴȥ֪ﲢ濴ôСܿΪһþһͨµĽݡ
źɫʯȥĽŲĺԶ
ûжþ͵˵صףҲûж⻬ĺʯ̤棬ԶҲɽڵļãɽʦФ͵ܡ
ڣ
ĺһ
һĬӹվһյʱȥһ˻˹
һ̬ӵ뷢ѩ׵ˣһͷɫȣƻȴȳƵϢһѩ׵ѩ׵뷢һ˵ģ
ڣ
ͨ˽¡
նôˣ
˻ǵ۾ţ˸޷ϸüë˳ĵʹţû˫˲˫ۣ˺Ͱﾭγģ࣬һ㣬ϧ˫۾һ˿ļ¡
Ǻܴ飡
ڣնܣɽɨȴ޿κΣڳͷ
˵
΢΢һֽ̧
ӽ渵Ҳƭʵ˵ֻǰˮ˵Ŀɺһ㣬Ͼ½ǰײ
ǣ浽Щ˲ǳϻͨӣǸ糤ϵĵӻǸʲôĶغӵ
ƽ˵
ӹһЩڵģ
׺׺ʮˣȻ칬ˣѵ㲻֪޳Īο㡭նȥɣһᴦġ
ӵ뿪˵µãվһᣬӰһٶѾ쵽˷ָĵز
ˮһݽһεĸԺͭ࣬رһԸǲʮӶʮ
һѵݽͭһģһˮĿǰǺģϾؼûжδ֪飬⸽ԾѾܱ̬ˣԼӵǧرٶȣˮ̲ס׿Լӵˮ治֪
ˮһɾסˣˮое㲻һΧΪʲôԼоɾе㲻ͬգϸһ
ɾеԵǿ˲٣ָоرԣһƬƬҩҲ·ø
ͻȻˮˮزԶطһĴָϸһ׶ߵġСһСֻڶ˿һڴСʺĻ䣬ϵĴ󻨶С࣬ѪһĻȴɢǿ
ˮæܵʯǣˮֻ֪ҪʵĶʯ˵ˮվʯǣһ۾ͿǺֵд۵ĸĿ֡
֮


243 ⡢֮
ˮĸһʱĸˮǱȽϤģΪƴ󻹵ĵһζҩ֮
ˮָо֪ݣƴ󻹵ļͷ۵ҩ֮У֮ͷβһˮ޲ߵģû뵽֮ĵõʽȻ˼򵥡
󻹵ҩ֮ǧ¹סѪɫ軨ǧϰѪǧڹѪǧ껢Ƿۡβ֮֮֮֮޻ǧѪɺ
֮Ѿˣǧ¹ˮӰﾭγֵһ㡣Ѫɫ軨ھݴ½У˵Ҳ󵫻˼ĻҵǧϰѪֳɵģǧڹѪҲֳɡ
ǧ껢Ƿۿȥпʵڲп뷨ɱһֻ֮֮֮֮һ궼ˣ
޻Ǹ鷳ⶫݻû˵ʱҪȥҩȵطѯһǧѪɺҲˮе޲ߡ
޲ߵĻǸβ
һ֮ˮ˼˺ö࣬Ͽ쿴ʯΪ֪֮ʲôء
֮ӵǿһ⣬֮Ļһ仨ʱΧ֮ڵֲһɵֲͬĸһɵƷʡ
һɵƷ൱һɵ֣һǧҩݵһƷʾһҩ䣡
֮仨ʱΧ׵ķԲֲһɵһɵƷʡ֮仨ʱΧ׵ķԲڵֲһһɵƷʡ
֮仨ʱԲ׷Բ֮ڵֲӶͶɵƷʣ֮߶仨ʱΧ߰׷ԲֲɵɵƷʡ
֮˶仨ʱΧԲ˰׷ԲֲĳĳɵƷʣ֮Ŷ仨ʱΧԲŰ׷ԲֲɵƷʣ
֮ʮʱΧԲǧ׵ֲʮʮɵƷʣ
ˮе㷢֮ʮ仨ĻԼҩֿʡȥһʱ䣬ʮɵƷǾһʡһʱ䣬ǧҩݾ㹻
ˮż¿ʮ仨ʱҪ꣡
ֽ֮֮㣬һ仨ʢҪһ꣬ڶ仨ʢҪ꣬仨ʢҪꡭھŶ໨ʢҪŰ꣡
ʮ仨ʢҪǧ꣡
ˮɵɵվĻһּǮһֻҪǵȵʮ仨ʢҪǧꡣ
ǧ꣡ˮ־ͷƤ飬㵽ɾҲҪʮ꣬ԼԪǿԽܡ
ǸоеͷƤ飬ûɾ֮Ҫʮ仨Ҫǻƽҩ껹Ҫʱ䳤
ˮ뵽ڶ仨ֻҪʵ꣬仨Ҫ꣬ʮԿ仨ǵʱԼɾҩݶѾǧҩˡ֮صһ⣬֮ҩһ仨Դǧκζ֮ҩҲֱӷʮԪڶ仨Դǧκζ֮ҩҲֱӷӶʮԪ仨Դǧⶫ֮ҩҲֱӷʮԪĶ仨ԴǧƷھŶ仨Դǧⶫ֮ҩֱӷÿӾʮԪ
ʮ仨ԴⶫҩֱӷÿԪ
֮ÿֻܳһ䣬ǵڼ䣬ֻԳеһ䣡
ֻгһܳڶ䣬ժժһͻҪӦ翪֮ɵͳ䣬ɵһ͵ڶͻȳһٳڶ䣬ٳһ͵ڶʱĶ಻᳤ֻһ䡢䡢䳤Ż᳤Ķ䣬һֱеһԶ᳤ʮ仨
صһ⣬Ǳ̬ˣҲ̬ģûɾһȫǿջ
ˮǺܿĵġ
ֻˮһҲͷźܴľԣԽǹЧĻժҪʱԽǰߵһɺľͲ
ɾҲסʱģһ仨ѾǼֹӵͬĻҪֱӷ
һˮĶ֮ԴӦĶҩֻǲ֪Ƿβ֮ڼԴ棬һҲԡ֮Ǳ̬رǵʮȻԪҲȻˣ֮һҪǧʱ䣬Ҫǧܳʮ仨ˮΪĸװѽǵʮ֮£ϧҪʮ꣬ʱĸ׶Ѿǰ֮ˣϧ֮ÿֻԳеһ䣡
ˮʱЦ˱ҲֻܵɴұûʲôãɾĶ
ͻȻˮ뵽庮ҷ꽻ڡ˫ޣѵ֮˫йϵ
һˮǸ㲻ףɾʲôйϵ壬üɰʶеͼһз·һε
ˮоɾӦúйϵйϵˮһǲǶһڣ
֮ϲϲƴ󻹵ֽһ󲽣ٿϣóʱûпҩˣÿҴҵһᣬһȻѾһ뾭һЩˡ
ҩ۵Ѿ൱Ŀɹˣˮ㵽ʱϤÿ˷һ㣬ϾеСǿԺܿġ
ϹǿѾͻƵʮ죬ˮ֪ͻƾʮһѣȻǵһۻıϣ
һϹǿſʼŰʣµʱȫǧϣΪܴһһ˫ѥӣһкܴĺôġ
Ϊˮ֪ȥҵʱԽԽԼӦĸ׵ľһҪˮҲ֪ԼĴǾ԰ȫڱʱϡ
ˮʵһֱ֪Ӱ˼ΣԼôϳǳ׵ĵɽڣϾ²׺ĿŵĶԸԼصģ֪ԼҲǲܣ׺ΣΪһȥȥ̤ƽɽڣ˵ûǸʵʹйҲĵ顣
뿪ɾʱˮٴοֻһ仨֮̾öǺöǾԵĺöϧҪ̫̣ʹɾˮŽɽĸо
ڶˮª̣ݽȥǸӵıǩעøоȼ۵κζ
ֻںСԺϰˮĵǺǸ־ˣ׼ĳͻ֮Ժ㲻¼ѵȥ
ֻҪһźܿͻֺܶˣȻǾϣҲ̾Ϣ˷ݵ
쿴ֶһԱѺ˺ܶ࣬ҪһҰֵ
һصĺһǺ˵


ľ ǣʮŮͼ


244 ͻһǧ
Ұϲ²µģǮҲ̫ˡ
һ̾˵
ñĶȥҼҵĴұȥ
һ˿ĵĽе
԰ˡ
һ˳Ц
ˮܣֻͷԼˮǴǮȱǮ˵ҲԼһѣˮϣܻȼ۵Ķ
ˮоǧһǧǸɶΣȻﵽǧ㼰񣬵ݽÿζǧˮ²⣬ҲͻǧԼĶ֮ͻһ̨ס
½㣬ǸľͲˡ
׺һ¥ķͲ׺վڴǰԶտա
ôһ첻ˡ
׺ӣЦ
˭ˣϴλǸŮ˵飬û뵽Ů˺ˣ˵˵ġ
еʧЦЦ
ǻûкϣںûͲ֪ˡ
׺¿ŶѾ״λǳЦţְĮȻϢôȻ
׺£Ҳ֪̾׺¶ΪˮԵʲŻصǰӣҲΪˮкһ΢ı仯ûп˸ˮ٩׺µģڻ֪ʹˮҲٿˡ
ô֪ûкϣ
Ů˵ͻȻܶࡣ
ֱ
׺ºǺ˵
㻹ˮ𣿡
ʵ
׺´һĻȣΪʲôҪء
ʱȥɣʱԼڣҺ㲻һ
׺»ͷߵĻЦ
ˮһǧ£һ˸Ĺâݽѳɣˮǰûжݽ֪ԼĶ֮һҪڶ飬һһϦܳɹġ
ûилرˮһֱŵʲôˣˮԺ͵һһݽڻϣԭѾѾİˡ
ˮһԭʯʱŮˣŮˣվһ໥ӳɢž˵
رǵеλԼĪʮŮӣ͵Sͣǰɽ岻ȴر̣ͦǷۺŵĸ߸ߵģ˿󶯡
һӢ˵ľıһԵôŮرиԣü£۾޳ɢһ֪ԸŵϢ
ˮô˲׺¡庮ҷ֮ŮӣһоŮˮмŮӺʱٿߵŮӾ͸оѷɫ١
ߵŮ˶͹ر֣عҵľǸ·ԸеĶԷԲβЩϲε˷
ߵŮŷҡҷˮһ֪¶ĽǷˮоӦǾ
ˮһŮӵȹ֪ߵŮǺϻŵˣֲô欷飬飬챻ϱվϳڸϧм͵֪ŮӾҪѷɫ١
ˮ̧ͷĿһеССľȻ͵ͷԼ飬̵˾Ͳһˣ˶̰ĶǷˮӶҪ͹һ㡣
˶뷨ŮӣϣиСġײмǸ֪ŮΧɨһۣһ˲ϢΧֹΪŮÿһ·
ߵķ欵ŮӽЦΧЩǷƲƲ죬ЦдŲм
Ůߵǿļѱüͷ
ͻȻŤͷˮѺＸһ𣿡
Ӻݴԣһ㴩͸رиоз·Ҳܸܵ
ˮ̧ͷɨŮӣ峺Ŀ⿴Ůվڱǰʼնû֣ˮһȾ֪ԵľŮӣҲ֪Ǳı
ţһģʱԿҪҪ򡣡
ˮջĿ⽫Һ嵹ģ
ŮӺܲϲ˵ˮĻվ벻ǺԶĵطĬĬĿˮˮɻĿŮһۣϻŵŮҲվŮӵʱȤĿԼˮգգ޹䣡
ˮûзӦջĿΪݽΣͬʱҲڲ²ŮӵݣϻŵŮӶǹֻˮܶԷʵû죬ѾǺ۷壬ϢǺģ֪кһ־˵Ϣ
ߵŮͬҲǺ۷壬ʹﵽΪҲʾѣϾʮҺ۷Ѿ൱
ˮһһĶݽŮоȵĹâ¶˷ϰߣȻҲеһҲᱻˮôӴĶ
һǧ£ˮϰߵҪȴֲûгϤĹâˮ˲ƽԼļӴһһȥ
ִʮ崸ϤĹâ𣬽ֱǰҪö࣬ȻʱȻҴһȣȴǸ̵˶˲ָƽıΪۻˣŮȴǿ
ˮͨѷǰѻҪͨıȥһˮҲǾޱȣΪˮĸ֡
һ
ˮ֪ϹŶ֮и𣬷߸ȼһʵ߲ʣһʱΪһһ¼׳Ϊһס
ͻһǧȻﵽһʵȼǶǲͻƵǧһ뵽ڲŵһǧʮ崸ͻƵǧͻǧмԼҪٴΣҪٴΡǧλɼǣ
ˮĿݽһŻع񣬲ûˮٴͨȥ
ݽһһ٣ʮݼʮ
Ҳݣ
ˮ̲סһȻֲԣ̧ͷһΧ˶ھȵĿԼȻͺЦ
ˮεӣһŮмŮ΢΢ͷߵķ欵ŮȴζĿˮЦһˮҹҹõŮûκȤ
һ٣ǧǧﰡҲĶޱȵģˮû뵽ͻǧһһֱоǸе㼦ߣֻ⸽Ծ;ǺܺõһѱԻ֣ʮҲӲٵʵɹĻǼٶȣݴ½ֻҪٶմϱߵĶǺö
ˮ´ӻסݽʱһǿ첲ӵȫͬʱϷ·һһ㣬˫Ҳо΢һ㡣
ֱʱˮŰĿ⿴Ůӣ˵ѱֻǮ
˵ݽݸм֪Ůӡ
ŮһԥȻһֻ˪ѩ޳֣ӹˮݹݽ
һӹ˲䣬Ůӵ˫һ貵ҹ˸ǳԸеС΢ˮݵһ档
ݣ


245 ѱʦĿǡ壿
ˮҲѤ˲ҫ۵лεЩʧȴǿŮ貵Ŀһ˿Ц⣬ϸĸоֱˮĵס
ˮ˼Ķ㿪˫쳣貵ӣڴʱһһ
ҿ㻹ҵǸ洫ù
һŽ˵
̣Ǵҹ壬
ŭ˵Ҳܺˮ˵ĽкԼƮϣɡ
ˮ΢ЦĿˣرǸа̵Ļ꣬ˮϸǽʱͻȻе޵һ
˵洫ģ㿴ǲǿԻǰѽ
ˮ˵
ˮЦЦȻҲ̿еĶǺǺЦֻҪĶǺöҾԲһġ
㿴
Сĵİѽݸˮ
ˮ΢ЦĿһֽۣӹˮĶʱһϸ΢ö
ˮĴ򿪽һСɵɫˮУһָպס񣬲ССףԲ򷢳ɫâ
ֹׯصϢرأɢļµĸоʱˮȴǿҪַˣⶫˮһֱΪˮϤľ壡
壡
þ޵һҡ޵꾪Ҫȥ
ˮû˼ȥΪʲôо塣
ֻǿ϶ݴ½зģһַʽڣ뵽ɾǧľԼҵڵռ˿ȥǧڹǣϧ¯Ƶİ취Լ᲻᣿
ô
ˮϣ˵еԿǶǰѱرϲģϾһǱһ˵
ˮҺ꣬ʮͣ㽡׳ϧûκΪװǸ˶һ㡣
֪ⶫôͼֵ𣿡
ˮЦǺǵʵ
ˮĻεҡҡͷһʧ䣬һʲôô֪Ķȡ˼ӵĶɣҺϲС˵ԿģǸһûϣͻƵ죿
ˮĻһ㶣ǼŮҲһ
Ҳκ似Ҳûѧ;ǰϰˣ˵ңɼĴڣʿ϶ȥ롣
ˮóǿΪԼ׼ķ񵤽УӽóܷĴƿ뵽ⶫһ˿ν񵤣˵ȶҩҪ¡
˲ﵽ佫۷˧ʮӴҲԵԼǺãþãʡպ鷳ļһ
ˮ΢ЦĿ˵
ô棬ǰҲ˵ⵤҩģ̫ˣȻһҵҲҪһš
߹ʺˣһȻˡǽа̵۾ԲԲġ
ԺˡƬ̣ΧҲǴģ˿΢Цˮӹ񵤵Ĵƿ򿪵
ˮƣʼˮûп񵤳ʲôӣļԼ񵤲֮䣬Ͻһܿ죬ǴҶǺѿġ
ôһ˲䣬ɢڳǰǿϢˮ΢ЦĿܳ񵤽˧Ѿˮ뵽̺ŶͬʱҲǰѷߵǱľ͵ﶼǱӲӲĿ
˵ӦǺʹģʹһǳܲסģֻǷ񵤵ǿǿǿһ÷̥߳֡ǡʹࡣ
ܵԼڳӴ־ϲѾ޷˫һҪˮл
ˮɲϰһָֻպסӣˣȥðѽȥɣҶء
ˮЦ˵
ǺЦߵһѾ뿪ˣ
˼һ͵õĺô׷׵ȥˮЦĿЩȵ
ˮŽŮӣµĿԼ貵ľˡ
ֻ
Ůӵڶ˵
ţѱǱߵļҪǿö࣡
ˮǺЦ
ŮӿеȻˮҹһʱò֣챾Ʊǹģֱߡ
ʵֻҪóһҸȤĶͿԽѽߣʯͷʯҩֻҪҸȤͿԡ
ˮǺǵ˵
ҩҵһţҹҩʦ˵һõķӣҴ㿴
Ů˵˪ѩ֣ժһֻˮһۿǸڱʯҿ׺ĸ͸Ҫһ㣬оӦҲڱʯ
Ůҧҧˮ㿴Ҫӵʲôȥﱸ
ˮЦҡҡͷŮӣӲɣͰ˵Ǹҩңѽˡ
ˮˬԺǿҿŮرϲѽȡǲĿˮ֪ԵŮӺкøУֵĺøУ
㲻Ľˣ
ŮҲû뵽ˮô˵ôصĶȻԼߡ
ֻһЩʱѣҵϣܣ´ҾͰץծ
ˮڿо忪ĵ˵

Ů˵ݽ˳ȥûˮһðʧϻŵŮҲǸæŮ̡߳
ˮʱ˼ϣ⾪ôǻζ֮п޾ʧ룬ѱ乥ˣˮⶫˣΪˮ˻Ժ֪ԼİȫˣԼֱӶɾȻȥֻҪԷûз޶ԼҲ޿κΣˮ¶ԷҲзޣұԼĻҪǿ֣ԼӶӲˡ
ˮЦĳ嶯ʵһãܶԷޣѱʦӵĿǡ
ˮо⾪̶ȱ֮ѷɫˮž壬Ϲע룡
ףԴ
ˮԼעϹȻգ
ˮģϹպľǿµģˮžעϹ
һӺˮҲע벻֪Ѿﵽ״̬쿴ǷٴμעԴϹ
ˮҡһ¾壡
أ
һͷƤҲǰöѵΪעϹ
Һûˣʹ˿ֻŵϣһۺ;ϡ


246 ǧ꺮åһײȥ
ԭҪעȻͨ߶ﵽꡱãԶԸޣҲǿԶԸġ
ˮоӦöԸ޸ԣΪһЩ߱ûκ飬ͬȼһЩ౻ȴǾʧ룬ľЩޡ޵Ӵɵģˮ֪ҡ˺üɵĽ
ˮţԼŻܣʹԼǿҲŷ׷ԼֻҪоڣŶԷķҡ£Ч˵ûѶԷŪء
ˮϵСף֪С׶׼Ŀ꣬ȻϹ߶ҡɡ
һбϺˮоر泩ݴ½вһֱûжϹǿҲΪǿŻ绢
ˮѾ嶪ɾȻʼԼҵͻȻ뵽Լֻ˱ԼԶѥӡ¼סȹˮһ뵽ͼԼôۣˮҲ֪ۣԼ֡ۡŻѡо磬ǵ˰徳硣
Ҳֳ֮Ժ̬ԼϹŶ֮ͻһǧǶһʼ
ˮָմǰһʼݽȻñԼȥˣˮ֪ԼҩҲ֪ǺϻŵҪҲˮоԷΪһƭԼʹƭˮҲںΪҪӦòʱѡ
ٴһѣԺÿҪߴһŶһ
ˮĬĬĸԼһĿꡣ
Ѿˣ̲ŻһʱûˣֻˮԼһһĶһѱ
һǧһâ֣ˮ̲ס̾ϢһˮûдﵽһʼҲǴļǰѵһģҲһ
緹ˮԣôĶһݽˮ֪ҪǰԼϹŶ֮ȹͻƵһʼѾܲףΪûȹ̺ö䵽ǰҪ
ֿˮţҲûдˮһݽˮģûһ˿һġ覴áÿһĵز
ϧһǧʱȻǵˮƵĹâͨճ¯Ĵݽ
ʮʮ壡
ˮһԣеΪһʵȼǰҲֻܼʮˮû뵽ֱӷһˮ֪ԼÿĻƣѶѾһʼ𣬲ˮ֪Լһʼľ롣
ѣˮоٴҲ򲻳һʼΪѾķܶ࣬ٴѾеġ
ոµݽŵǱ߻ѵϣѹڴʱһˣһţƤˣˮʶϴǸӣǸʮһڽݵĺӡ
ˮЦЦϴιˮ֪ţƤĶСͦɵġ
⺺ģˮΪߵͨҲˣʿˮԺʾһ£һ̨ߡ
ǧ꺮㿴
ЦŰѴӵݸˮ΢Цϲ죬һѩ׵ݿôۡ
ǧ꺮
ˮھݴ½ǺܺõĿʯʺľѥӣˮûмѡ
ˮţƤӿһһǳɫ壬еĹâƯˮ־Ҫȥס
ܱģ֣
æֹ˵
ˮѾ½ǧ꺮Уʥ֮Ѿĸ̺ܵͬʱҲ֪ΪʲôʺѥӣΪˮܵǷһϢͣת
ˮܵ˿˿⣬ȻԼûʲôӰ죬ͨ˻ֱӱ˵ģĶѥ˭
һſЦ˵ɣʲôҪ󣿡
ܻܲһ
еСĵ˵
ϾⶫٺãҲ֪̫Ǯǧ꺮˵ǺöϧһȴòϣûǸʵǧ꺮
ǧ꺮ǺöҲǳĶʹüֵȴǺöֻǺõϣԻһ˼ӵıʵеǿ
ԣһѣԼܰɣкõĺ΢һ㣬һþܸܵȥһѰɣǧ꺮Ҷգӡû⡣
ˮ΢Ц˵ϾֱԼʲôڱоͲһˣϡΪ󣬺οҲǺʵõĺö
ӿĵĿٵͷһģмѣҲǧ꺮㡣
ˮϣӰˮնǰˣˮҲû뵽һ챻ѣˮȴǿޱȣһǰȫҲֵ
Ҫ򼸰ѣ
ˮֻж˲ſˣſۻһЩĶ
춼ѾˮҲûڶ죬ǧ꺮ʮԭʯɾֱӹ̡߳
ãã˺ˮϲĵطճմţűһЩˮоرʵ
ˮϲ֡ʬ⡱ĸоΪƽʱˮͼӿˮ˯ʱ䶼ûκĿ꣬ûκѹûһ㸺ӣº̡ܶ
ܣˣһʱͻʧǵڽֵһͨƽһһһ̵ɵġ
ˮ˫ۿ΢΢Ŀǰ棬ʵʲôҲͷ΢΢ţҲĻײˣߵͿʲôʱѡɣ
ȥһʱ䣡
ͻȻоײʲôԺܺõĶһ̧ͷˮЦĿŶ溬ߵŮӣǸղһʼĸ֪Ůӡ
ˮ뵽ղǾ˵ĵԺĴ·Ķܱ̲סˮһŮ쳣ͦأ뵽ղžȻײζȴ
ˮ̲ס뵽һµŮǸԼײεԲ֪ǲǻãԼǲѾԼǲǳ
űˮεЦЦŮȴİˮһۣ
˺ĬߵһߵĿյϣŮҲƣȥһҩԶԶĿˮӰôͻȻôֱ̼ͬڵļˡ
ŮӱΪվˮǰͻͣôҲû뵽åһֱײôˣʧǵģ㾭ײ𡣡
ŮӻظȻƵ˵
ҲǾǰڱĵطʱиСѾͷһײΣײˡ
ˮ˼ЦЦ
Ůӣ
Ůóһɫҳֻһţݸˮ㿴̸һ¡
ҿҩ䷽ѵ˻أ
ˮرݾµգ׺ôԴҲôǡ


247 յҩһľ
ǺǣҩӦûϧ֪Ҳûа취Ƴҩϵĵҩ˻ûмȿ㿴˾ֵ㣬ֵ㿴Ρ
Ůֻ˪ѩ֣ΪչӶ΢¶ѩر
ˮӹŮӵɫҳŮ΢ЦžµգۺϵҳĿȴˮˡ
յ
ˮǵúԼУвһ뾭һҩյԼǵú
ˮæ¿ȥյ䷽չŮӡǧƾ㡢ǧڼѪǧڹѪ
ˮԼյ䷽һ˲ܵɾʶһЩ΢ı仯죬·˵ʲôһ
ˮҳĳʶҩȥһˮǴˣΪյȻˣ˲һľѾһµĵҩ飬ʮ顭ˮƵĿʲôҩȻҪʮľ飡
ˮԪ
һˮϤĵҩˮ֪ݴ½ĵҩԼϤķʽͣԿˮֻоϤһоеУڹЧˮͲ֪ˣСһոµĹЧϾҲˮֹ֪Ч
ˮȥյʲô䷽ҳǷһģһ뵽ǸŮӻڣȴŮӺںúÿɣϾվŷǺܺá
ˮֻûпյĹЧͷһҳЧͼ֣
յЧפʮ꣡
ˮһԣôߵĹЧˮԵյԼȴ󻹵Ҫ󣬿ǾȻһפʮЧˮڵǰɫҳÿŮ𴦣ˮڵǰҳÿתͷ΢ЦĿˮ
ҼȻҩͻĽǺפʮ꣬ʵ̫ˣչʲôǧڼ𡭡ˮչЦŮеƵ˵
ҩʦ
Ůӿˮҩ̬Ⱦȵʵ
ǰɣƼҩϧеҩҲϵģƫƫЧܺãѻ𡣡
ˮһζҩģ󻹵ζյƣǧڼֻڼԻǧꡭԺյɲһţ
ŮĿٴαһƬˮòŮӵӺͲ׺еһƴ
ΪƳյ
ˮɻĿŮӣˮ֪Ů˵ҩûƲĿܣΪʲô˵仰ѵԼ
ŮҡҡͷȻ΢Ц˵˵ʵĲƳյֱϸоܣһò˶ʱ䡣
ˮĿŮӣŮ˵ֱܿ£ǺġȻ˵ţƯŮҲף
˵ʲôأ֮˽֮ô˵ء
ŮȴǽЦ˵һЦݼüĿ续ЦˣֱͦӺԸ촽ӳģһЦĻһɢС
չʲô֪𣿡
ˮ֪յҪĶĶ滻չǲ滻ġ
˵Ҳ֣Ϊû˵ⶫϿܶ࣬鼮Ҳ٣չȴûһϢ
ŮҲеϧ˵Ҳܻ˵᲻ˮڡ
ǻ᲻ھݴ½չأ
ˮŮüͷʵ
Ͳ֪ˣҲ룬ϧûͼοֻƾһչҲ޲ߣҲҵһֽչɫӣۣϧƶٴΣ˷ѵҩҲûɹȷȴһƭ֣ɫӽҲرҩʦ֪Ĵڡ
ƳһһţԸܿ
ˮ΢Ц˵ҳһŮת뿪
ˮȺУŮüͷ壬Ȼת뿪
ˮСլԺȥ·ˮյҳӶΪʲôԼյҩԼʶеյֱӾͳʲô߻ΪԼ֪յ䷽Ȿһ־飬ֱӾ;صСլԺһˮ̽ɾȻʶûļյҩΪˮлڴͬʱҲоеﲻԾ
յҩչ֮֮֮֮Ůӡǧƾ㡢ǧڼѪǧڹѪǧ֥ǧ˲Ρǧڣ
ΪʲôҳյҩĶôࣿ
ˮǲ뵽
ĿɨյĹЧʱһӾͲɻˣΪԼеյЧ
פʮ꣬Ӷеʵ
פʮ꣬һд󻹵ĹЧǿ󣬲ڴ󻹵ĵҩˮЦĳ嶯
ˮЦΪӵЩڱ˵죬Լ˵ܿͿϾɾе֥˲Ρڡ񡢻ƾŮӡѾˣ֮Ȼֻһ䵫ҲԽʡһɵʱ䡣
Լ̾ɾΪ⼸ֹӳԺûˣڷ֣ԼƵĵҩ벻ԺĵҩͬҲ벻⼸ϡеӣ
ֻչԼҪȥңԼںǸפʮ꣬ǸӶȫʵԼģƷõĵҩ󻹵ҪһԼܼߵԣפʮҲ˷ɣ
˳ʶˮƣչԼȥһǧҩ꣬˵þͿԶˣϧֻܸɰͰ͵Ŀҩ
˵ǲܵģֻһ¼ݣϧݵϡҩҩݣ󻹵ҩеķβյչ
ˮرǿҵĸоŽɽζرɬΣһʼûЩҲˣֱȻ伢ơ
ڴСķɫ䣬ȻôʢţɾѾȥˣ⻨û˿仯ˮǲǿҲҪʢꣿ
֮ͬڴС޺Ļȫʢˮûʲô֮㣬ƽ鿪ʼ
Ϲǿͣڰʮ죬һתһͰЩ߰似һ飬ȻټתһϹǿмϢԷɾйһܵʱ䣬ˮÿɾĶµʱȥ켸ʱ˾壡
ûкúõ飬ˮ𾪻壬ԶʹãָоЩףϾǡꡱһԼ񲻺
ˮž壬Ϲע룬һͷ־ͱˣȻϹ߶ҡ
أ
ͷƤ˺̶
ˮԶĻûзӦˮһҡһעϹʹüκͻʧҪʹþҪٴע룬ˮעϹȻʹûӻˮһעϹʱͻȻų޵ɫâˮ۾Ȼһͨž忴ȥ
壬һöڵĿһļ״̬Ѳ֣ĹߵһС
ˮļǵõһͨʱʲôҲڲ˾һһѾЧ˵˳
ǾͺãǸ岻ǣѾҪҲûп֤ıҪҪԼӵеԼҪġ
һʹþ壬ˮԷɢȸղ̶࣬ˮҲ֪ǵڶٴעϹʱ־ȻǰҪעһࡣ
ʹתɫСС޵ĿǣˮȥЩԾĹЧһľżʮ᲻ֱӽ޵꾪Ӷе


248 һǿѥӡֻŮ˴
ˮ꾪еϹע룬ȻʹõϧˮûٴҲûκα仯ˮ֪һҪʱҪһЩ
ʱ䣬ɾѾȥʮˣʱ䣬Լԭʯ򼸰ѱŵ̡
ڶ֮һʼδȹǰˮðڸսǧ꺮ˮֻѥá
һ뵽ѥӣˮеĶ޵ĹͷΪѥӵĹǼܣȻ޵ëƤȥֻˮоǧ꺮ѥӹǼֻʵϵ˿ԴϵʵſԲηǱ˵ĺȵļͨҲ޷ǧ꺮Ĵ̹Ǳ䡣
һˮľһͨĳ潣ˮɾдûκθţˮȫ˼ͶȥһһôţĽײڼžɾر
һǧʱٴǵɫĹâˮͨɨһۺͱǧ꺮ߵǰһģһ
ûͣµˮʼһ潣Ĵ죬һˮȻܲûжôʧ䡣
һˮȻôţÿһһ˿ģˮԼеնʲôҲ룬ע᲻һʼˮԼô˶ٴ
ǵϤĽʱˮ羪һ㣬Ѿɹ潣һԱһѵĳɫÿ٣ҲһЩ
ˮ˿̲еСĿ潣
һٶʮʮݼʮ
һʱ
ˮǿޱȣֳһһʼĽұǸŮӻߵǰѻҪúܶࡣ
ŽϷǧ֮൱ڳһ֮ķٶˮо١
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׺һУоܰůůģҲǵͷԼܶûгԹŮ֮飬ǸŮŮӶŮ֮鲻ǲܵġ
ôҲû뵽ͻȻͷ飬ҲԼֻ⼸ΪźܳʱģԲ̤Ů֮飬ԼŮ֮
ԼźҪһ£ٶݣǼٵġˮ뿪ˮȴ׺µֵĿеִٲĲ׺¡
ɲԱңһң
ˮһôҲ뵽׺»ˣоԼĶˣɿͬҲе㾪ȵĿŲ׺¡
룬һ˶죡Լһ䡣
׺ȴ¸ҵ̧ͷˮһҡҷ貣Ůɢױȵ
ˮеƣ˵ĻȻɫҲӣŮյˣˮҲ֪Լ㲻һνѣԼĸһƬհףҪһůӵ


256 ǡƻ
ɲԱңһıң
ˮҲ֪Լ㲻һνѣԼĸһƬհףҪһůӵ
Ѿͷ˵⻰ʱһ㣬Ȼұ˻治࣡
ˮ˫ִ׺µĽסӵ֣ûظӴ
ˮǵһαǸʱĺǿûʲôʵԵĽӴһҲ˵ϷҲģ׺ҪһоˮǸоסһ˲ʱĽڲ
ˮĲȥǼͦأԱˮڷļһȴͻȻһӰڲ׺С
ţ
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Ĵˮ˫̲סıס׺£Ľӵڻɽȴֵֻ塢ǣ
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ˮôȻʵĶһûֵľٴ룬ˮһõģõĻ䣬֪׺¾ԲʱҪԼŮ֮¡
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ˮ˵ڲ׺¾ӨĶϺһ¡
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ˮָµ°ɣԸеĵһƬǰĹۿˮ֪ʲôŮ˲ˮһ㣬ˮһ㴵ƵļˮһϢر˫ˮԸ

ˮ͹һʹӵһ£涼ĽУȻڻֱͦεıһ¾Ķӡ
ˮɿģֲģʱԽԼ˵ҲҪɾʱˣֻҪγŹȥȱһʱ
ˮеĶӿĵЦţöԵЦǺܴȴǺȻ
صˮϣΣƽеĻ𣬱ҡҷľɫŮӣûǲܣûл롢û뷨ǲܵģֻԼԼ⡣
˻ŵһѧľԿأȻþײˣ˲Ҫ̫ԿҲǰգΪûԿҲʲôӰ졣
һûԿֻ䵽˵ǹʹ߱ڹʹǿ󣬵Ϊк֪һ˵Ǻܴģ켶ߣʹҫãΪȥ޵һ޵ڶ
̫ܿԼͻ䵽Ϊ֧䡣
׿еˮɾ㿴ˮѶõĶŪãʱ䲻ˣˮ֪ץʱ䡣
һϹǿȥһһζһ˫ѥӣΪ׺׼ģȻһֶ֮һ˫ѥӣεĺͲ׺¡һϾʣµĽ·ƤǸ׼Ϊ׺׵ġ
ٶһɣʮݼʮʮ
ˮĵһα̵ĳѥͬԣȻڵһ˫͸նĻƽɫѥӵԡ
Ǽܡ⣿Լ˫Ͳ׺˫ǧ꺮ΪǼܡΪ׺ӶѥʣʮеһΪǼܡ
ʱʹõĶҲźܴĹؼҲˮΪʲôһ̵ֱԭ

ˮʱڶֶһһǷֺüζõģ
ˮ֪ͼףˮ㽫ʣΨһһʮõһӦÿ˫ˡ
Сʡʱ䣬Ϊָֻܶˮ֪ӵʲôԡ
ҪȻݡҲǿԴĵõӣ·ҪǷҲͬӣѥٶȣͬʱҲݡˮڸҶԣеһеĸԶܲ⼸ԣֻһֱûпʺħԡ
ǸħǾˮҲΪԼûдﵽǲ֣ܳϾΪһһֻһ˿Զһʱ䣬̫е㲻˼顣
תҲǲܣԼϹġǧдһڣ巴һֿǱܵˮʽֻͭõĲͭǰĶַҪˮޱȵ˫񾭹ʱĥѾţǵҵľ绹źܴľ롣
ʱˮ֮ѡͭʽΪͼͼˮ֪ͼûãϸĵַ̲ˮҲ볢һ¡
ˮǰڱԹΪͭȦʱͺͺģʱҲûעˮеĴ󲿷ֶûȥһ㵽õʱŻῴ
ΣͼϿ̻ˮͼϵĲ֪ʲôֵĶ̣Ƕﲻеֻ꣬ʼ򵥹ܴ֡
ȻҺģУΪҪϹÿֻܶһֻһһ˫򼸸ܡ
һĴִõĻǧִֻ洸ӶѣֱϹֱӡѶȱôӻҪһ㣡
ˮҲȷԼûһǧ飬ϤĹâʱоرģǶԶ¶ϲ
ƻһɣʮݼӶʮӶʮֻһֻãҲֻһֻá
ƻˮֻģƻͬȴֱӣҪǶ˺ӣӶԶԷƣ籾ֻܽԷͷƻĻԽԷĹͷ飬ĹджҲǿԡ
ĳЩʱƻҪ繥һЩĵطʱƻþͳֵԳ


257 壬ûвɢϯ
ˮôҲû뵽ӵƻһ㶼ô۵Ȼһɵƻ
һɵƣڱҪʱһɵ
ƻڣЩʱ΢ĳЩʱһƻѹյһݣ
ˮϣʱһɱŰһָоҲָоŻڹɶƻɡ
ˮĵֻһֻãҲˮʡȥһʱ䣬ˮſ޴ÿֻ첲ϴʮǸãҲ֪Ӧò
ˮٴһȻһϹǿż׺һ̲ͣˮ˫ѥӣһ׺սȹֻúʱѾൽ뿪ɾʱ
мսȹʱˮһ£ΪսȹֻܲϥǣȴǻҪ커Ȼϥ˵˾һȹһ㡣
ȻҲͶôһȦȹߣȴ续㾦һ㣬սȹʧŮӵˬͬʱһˡ
ԵǺͽսһʷˮһθо̫ƣˣԳɾֱӺ˯
ˮ뵽飬ֱӰѶĶ˳ȥս׺սȹյ½Ӳرۣһûɵϲá
ˮҪҪŮͻȻ뵽Ϸֱ컵龰ǲԾһ˿ȣرĸо
ˮ΢ЦſŲԶ¥Ů˵ϵŮŮʱڱһ̣̬ϧ̫ܿˣܿ׺ºͻڱ˵ĿǰӦûûС
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׺û˵ʲôˮϽӹҲϽùһˮȴпģ׺û˵֪ҪԼʲôʱġ
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ԸеĻڽɫսȹĳԵöׯޱȣԸĵԣرˮʱˮܵһĸо

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Թˮһ㶣׺¾ȵĿȴǺˡ
ôᡭҿ֮áˮæϣˮƻôôɵĿԼ׺´ء
⼸һûµĲҪ뿪Щȸǰɣϣһá
ˮеʣµĶ׺¡
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ˮ߳ԶŮ˵һ䡣
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ллˮЩҲҶʮУ
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ˮǺǵЦţغ񣬿Ůе㲻ţرǲ׺£ˮüζЦĺڿǺЦоرĲ˼顣
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ˮ̾ͷ֪İžǴŲ׺ܡ׺еȻȴû˵Ǿǿ߱뷨׺ЦЦʱȻа취ˮߡ
ˮ̣ڣһˮֿĵ߹
ˣˣ
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ˮǧҪ˵һ£ôΪһʾȻһ߿źֶ졣
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һֱȥˮоѾɬʹǧˮģϧԼֻһӦ֮ʲôҲûˣˮܵĶˮһֱһ֮Ϊһӵٶ
Ƭ̣ˮź˵磬òˣԺҲˣҪú״
ôˣҪ𣿡
Ҳе㾪еįʵ
ˮͷ޲ɢϯҺܿģԵǻټģҾͺġ
šüͷһֵ̾µģ·һ⣬ûʲôӦò뿪ˡ
˵ֱÿм꣬Ҳ֪һ
İɣԺһģأ
ˮ뿪ˣûľɥȻǵ磬ϾǴ磬ˮҲһİȻֱ͸ɴһ㣬ˮ뿪ˣҪְ֮ڲҪ뿪ϳǣûд뿪ͷˣϾˮĺԼнӴ˿⵽ɽڵĶ֣뿪һ㻹ǲֵġ
ص׺ˮŻİ֪в׺ºͻӰ˺ģ᲻
ˮ̲ס뵽һðΪʲôǴݳģû뵽Ͳ׺¡һվ飬ʲô飬ûʲôѵˮٰѲ׺ºͻѡ
ˮоʱô򵥣ֲֹϵˮҲû뵽ӲҲǾ塣
ȥ󿴵׺վСر߷ˮ֪ΪǾŵĻˡ
£ˣ籧


258 ϾŮˣǿĺ貽
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ˮ׺µһ㣬û뵽űԼԼǰҭĲ׺£ˮһʱ顣
ټǿ㣬ɱϾΪŮУ֪Բˮ˵ô򵥣˫׺ͿҪƽȴҳһš
ڸĸǰôǻҪΪԼģڻǰһֱʦǰˮºеĻһ㸸׵ӰԼܿƵıסˮ뷢йһͨ
ˮҲ˵֪ѹֵ̫йҲ۱ţһЩѨŰɡ
׺½ıסˮӣѹֵĳҭˮ΢΢΢ˮĲѹֵеʹ
ˮΪʲôŮ˶ϲϲǰ˵м˵ʲôǰء
£ûˣʲôҲᷢġ
ˮᰲο
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Ų׺µĽĸоˮзӦ׺ֵĿⶢţˮҲġ
ˮӣ׺Цˮ΢Ŀһ£ƿˮˮ̫иܵӲ
лл㣬һӶģ
˵׺չһЦ貵ЦһӶˮԺһƬһ㡣
׺ѾˮеȻʧŤ㲻㱻ϷǾ仰ˮ֪ʲô˼˵˶㲻°ɡȥ̵ˮͻȻо£Լĺ¥ȥѹˮɴ෹Ҳˡ
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һֱĺεڻûͻƵɾ磬ѾСԲˣֻһ֮ңϧһֱͻƲˡ
ʩչźײˮеĲɣԾĻ뵽׺£뵽뿪ʱ˵Ǿ仰ӡ
Ҳ뵽Žսȹ͸ǣͻȻежˮ̧ͷһ
ˮ޵ĿĲ׺ºͻΪŮһƽսȹ̵սѥںڵĳһ߸ߵķ٣׺²һɫӣ޳ķ۾ԸУȴǲһϲɫ
ͬߣ޳ŹŵЦ⣬ˮоҡҷˣޡ
ˮ㲻Ҫ½㴩սȹ𣬺ÿɣ
ÿÿÿԣ
׺ͿˮʱϽˣǴ˵ġ
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ˮȻܣʩչֻˮܲܽܣΪóþȻܺÿе㽩ӲԼһʱ˵ɱܡмҪˮֶһĽӴսȹֻ΢΢еоϾվȹǰ
ˮôһεָˣָомҪԼʾԲĻΡ¹
οϧһֱûеԲϺСɵ۷塣
Ůɬĺչֻոѧɵİ׺ףˮʶĸܵŮϢ仯
Թ壬ˮһ˲ξһ㣬ԼŮܵϢ΢仯
Ϻ庮ҷ˫޵龰ֻˮ֪ϴһֺԵ֣庮ҷľ֮ԭӶ࣬һζǺʶǿйأԼʶֽˡ
ˮԾΣҿʱĽ֡ۡĸоرһˮоǰδе˳
ŮˮͻȻʩչΣˮӰˮȻ֮ˮɡ
еˮ֪εľ裬Ծ뵽ǰ׺չ뵽ǻͰ׺׵ˡ
Ȼͻһ㣬಻ˮ˼Ųϵʩչźײͬǽ·֮أˮӰԽԽģ
ŮͻȻˮӰֻһһ㣬ȻΣû뿪Ǹطرǲ׺ǸоԾоˮ·Ǹطһأһ
ˮʱϲޱȣӰԭؼ˼ΣŮӰһ׺¿ԿˮһӰһգ֮ѾԼǰϴεٶȺѷɫ
žԼˮĿ̽ͷʹ˻ǸоˮԼǰأѹȸرмսȹҲû̫Σֻǲ׺ѾԼı仯Ѿʼ޵ˡ
ˮЦЦһӰһת˻ǰ
貽
ˮôҲû뵽ξȻͻˣﵽδɣӵɣͻ˲ǵȻǳɹۡ
ҪǺײڵĺ貽ĵ¿˲佫ٶֻ̫󣬲ˮڸƽЩˮѾҸûٶȣйĶ
ͻƺˮرģֱӡָ㡱Ůһ磬Ů۵ԹĿˮһˮûͣ¹ΣսȹŮõôҲǲٵģǹˮϧ
ˮŮ㺹ܣˮԼ쾳֣һ۷ȻԼѵһ㺹뵽ղûθιУõСΪǺײˮ»ɽ֮צٶûٿ͡ҲҪˣŮȥϴ軻·ȥˣˮ׼ȥϴϴ˺貽ˮͻȻоˡ
ѹɾָоɣ뵽ˣ׺еϹӣˮľϴ貽Ҫַˡ
ԼɾûƵĻöãͻ԰ȫ
ˮ̾ȻЦһ¾ͲˣĲɾѾʮˡ
һڷƬ̣£̲סҪ䣬ף֪겻ԼڻòãǧĸǣͬԼҲĸסˮǺ޲Ͼͻذȥ
뵽ѾԼδ޵ʦװ֪ڷôʱ˵ԴϴԺһֱûкʲôоӡеɢ
ֲ˵ûжܽסʱĿ飬۶ô绪ôĻԻͣʮꡢꡢǧ󶼻ûʷĳС
ǲʺ磬ˮڴμķ꣬κĲʺ磡


259 һĻδ֪Ļ
ڷƽ˾жȹˮ£϶ȹԼκϰ貽ͬʱһ鶽ŮĥǹҲ
⼸쵱ˮɾнͷ׵Чࡣ
ЧػĲһɵķʮʮݼʮ
ˮеԣоͷ̫ˣ˵ӵҲԣɺԼӵҲ̫ˣǼһɵķˮʣµļСҲ⡣
ˮ̫ˣһȥתתɣ
Թ緹󣬻ˮ˵
ˮҲͣ⼸쵹ҲǸۻˣŻϣֻõͷһȥɢɢģϾʱ̫ѹˡ
ˮǺܵɽڴסὫԼһץҪЮ׺ֱֻӽԼ˺ɱ
ǵôսȹϱ
ˮ˵ˮһ
ˮͻв׺˴ȥ벻Զϳǹŵٳǰ׺ҪСģ
Ȼʼ˺ûٹæŸԵ飬һпŤȴֺгĳһ
ر飬ʲôˮͲ׺ǰȥһٻ򣬲׺ºЩȤǻȻȥĿЩĶ
ϹŲ֪ϳǹŵ˶ԶҲ֪˼֣Щһٻ׺ºͻһϱòߵﶼٵĿ⣬ˮᱻעӡĽʡӡ䡣
һתһʱȴûһˣ·һһ㣬ֵȻֿޱȡ
һʱˮое죬ϾͬĽֵܽһǷ£һȴͬһ㡣
ֵΪʲôûʲôˣ
ˮŲ׺ʵģˮԼЦʱԺ£һ˵ʱ֪ʲôˮȻĺ
׺ɫһ䣬ô᲻֪ôأˮҪ˵ʱȴǴͻأ
ֱΪѪ֣һʲô׶⿴ɾĽʵעѪ
һޱȵĺ⣡
ˮŲԶĹ߳һа³֮ˣΪ׵뷢԰׵ˣһϡһ뺷࣬˵ľǸϵˡ
ˮɫһ䣬Ůɫһ󷢰ףȻˮˮ֪ÿĻƣŮˮΪһ˸оԺԼûʵ
ˮŲ¶ʮ˵ɽˣдͷĸϼ
ǻǷѾĻճͱǴŻᣬǺаÿ춼ǣ˼𣿡
ˮõüŶ濴ȴ˵
㣿𣬱һǣȻˣǾ˳ȴԸɣ
ʼ˵ݵ˵ݵеëȻ
ӥϣ˵Ҫ𣿡һֱû˵ü˵
˵ˣͻὫȫһ򾡣ֻҪǽԶﲻͿһҶˣﳤϣ˵˶ûб¡ӥǸͷм˵
⡭
ֻҪһʰˣǸҾʹӦ㡣ӥ赭д˵
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һؼս𣿡ӥݵĿˮһﳤ˵
ˮô죿
Ȼµȴƽʵ
ˮʵûʲôõİ취ϣǿʾĸ֣˵ֻһһˮоֻһǿһ
ѾѣʹгƶԷҲԼȥϵʱ䣬ˮ˲г񣬸ϣԴŮȥܻҪܵġ
ϧԷˮһ˲ͼ˶ˮЦţֻİŮƿͬʱû񿿽ŮŮϡ
ˮǺõģŮ˳ˮͻûǰ׺ңԼú貽ɾ·
ﳤϣСӽңȸӥԸŮޡ
ӥϱ˵ˮֻɿݵƣ˿˿š
ˮҴ⣬һζʼĸ֣˵һʵҲǱ۷ǿޱˣм޷Խĺ蹵
һХˮ̽צһ΢ĻɫʹˮǴﵽµʮʳĸʶãһˮϵȫ֡
Բˮʹ쾡£ǰͻǰ֮һͨͨצͿԴﵽǧҪ֪ϼͿԳ׳ٵٽһͨͨצǿԴﵽһֵ֮ͽ
ʱˮԽͻ̫࣬ϾǰͻץҰ򲻹ͬǿĻֻ࣬޴İѩ
ˮȱˮȱʵս飬֧֣޴졣
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ˮſ޵һĻʹѣĿ˦ȥĻһ֪



260 ɱɱˮᣬʥ֮
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261 ҡ˫ܾ֮ܲ
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ˮĿ˼Ļ棬ԺһֱϳԼͻ滻Ļ桭аʱһ֮㱻׺ιȥ;ҲںˮǴĿ⣬һιкҲͻҵܻԼķ䡣
ˮá˫޹ͻ̩ϵϹ̼ͬʱ֮
ʱһһεĹȥˮ鿪ʼΪڵڽǿǰľŸҲǲ
ˮ֪ƣһֱ׺ˮ뿪ʱһģһ
ˮҪ𣿡
׺¾ĿһûĻ˵
оʱĻ·˯һ㣬첻ͬɫҲûô԰ףǵѪ̲סһ顣
ôϲˮ˿ǵ̺ۡˮҲԼģԸԼ֪ġ
һ뵽Щ׺¾﷢ࡣ
Ӧÿˣһʱܸо
ˮҲǿĵ˵˳ְѾŸȥ
һˮûгĬĬĵŻһ׺򸾾ˣܿͻеܿġ
ȥѾͷһõϣ
׺˵һ뿪ˡ
ˮϹӾͻᶯ֡
׺ĻˮһǿɬЦݵĲ׺رΣ򲻹ܲб˱
ڼƵʱ򣬻˫ۣĺһʹ˻˻


˶ǿĵĽе
ûǺǣ
Ƭ΢Ц˵ЦǣϺϵ˿ʹϡ
ľٶˮ˶ĵģϾһò˫Ůһӱһ˿־Ů˭ܽܵˡ
ǲǺܳ󣡡
Ƭ̻˵رɣرǿ׺εıʱЦ
һҲ󣡡
öгԵ𣿡
УŮȵȣ
׺æ˵Ȼͳȥˡ
ˮҲܣ֪ѹֻǿŶѣñΪѹװںӣϧ֪ԽҾԽѹ
һҲ󣬻ô
ˮڴ齱˵
ˮ˵ʲôκϵ˰ʲôģΪѹ
ǲ׺һһ׵ιһ࣬󲡳ʺϴ󲹣ֻܳһĶ
û£æȥɣ˯һ
һ㣬һ˵
˭Ҳû˵ʲô׺ְο˼Ц뿪׺ڻԱߡ
޾Ϳ޳ɣ
׺ȦĿŻ
㣬ôˣΪʲôҪޣѲк󸣣Һܸ˰һҪŴأ
ǺЦֻǣ˿һ
һظģԶ㡣
׺˵
ģɵĻҶ֪ʲô˼ֻ˭Ҳû˵´̼ѣڵҪϵһ̡
ʲô⣬˵ֻһС̺۾ʮԻָұǰƯھǸٺҪġ
ˮǺЦ
ģ
׺¾ϲʵ
ˮ俴ϣ
ʲôʱƭǣֻĿǰȱһҩģܿͻҵʱ˰̳Ưǿפʮꡣ
̫ˡ׺¿ĵ˵ֻڿˮеɻ󣬵ʱǿġ
֪ԼĲ˵ģΪİ̺볹ȥûҩҪ̫ϡȱģ˵׹ǵҩڡ
ˮǷܣΪƳյҲû˵ȥ̰֮˵ʵΡ
ˮͲ׺뿪󣬻Ű棬ҲƵ΢ĳҭš


264 ϲ㣬ֻ֪
ҲƵ΢ĳҭš
׺µһʱѾűľģʹڱҲܵĵʹںˣΪ֪ԼҪˡ
ɵ󿴵ˮ׺¡ϤʱܿģΪ˵ûмᵽǿֲ˿ڣʹվҲ֪ڵܳѾóݡһֱΪգͻȻһʧȥǳ׵ʧȥʱ򣬻ûӵйִһ߱ȥΪҪܴ
ҲãԼԺԶһˡΪԼðţ
ӶˮЦݺ˷һУӳ˼ԺһЩ컵飬ϵˮ۽۽ǵεɫϣܿʪһƬˮͲ׺߳ﶼ׻ѹԼһչ¶ڱǰֻʱ뿪ԷйԼ˿ڡ
ˮô죿һѹҪ
׺ͬǺѹ˽֪ʧȥòʧȥˮ
õģһҵָܻյĶҸǴô졣
ˮ˵
ǰǰеĿأ
ԶĲ׺

ǰ
׺򸾿ˮͲ׺º͵ЦЦˮֲʲô׺ܳסǳɴȡ
һζķŭ޲ܽ⣬һŭɱ˫ͷˣûһյġ
ǰɽڳλϹӻûرǿߣ
ˮͻȻ뵽ǸˣɽмԼһϣûˡ
ɽ𽣳ļʣµĳߵ
ʾ磬һ֮ѹˣͲȡʤģ׺ϹӸһͿѹһôɣɶԷһͻƾͿ԰Լšϳһû̵ɽڵɣ
ˮ׺ʵ
УϹڣʮҲң
׺Ц˵֪ˮ˼ɵʱ̿˭ûãԼǰ̲סһȻ
Ϲأ
ˮбȵĹâ
׺һҡҡͷˮɱϳڻûˡ
ˮû˵ֻᶨĹâ
ˮסһңҪҵģסһҪҵġ
׺ˮеĹâæ˵
̫ڶҫһƬӲӵģˮڶѾˣûгԡ
ˣһһԻˡ
ˮĶͷŲԶĵطȥ
貽
ˮʲôҲ룬ֻҪٶȣ˲ԼȫĵֻҪܰٶᵽҲԡ
߶Ϲϳź貽貽Ǿ޴ģȻ˵ĺٶӣˮԶԶֹĸ޴ٶȵҪһ㡣
ĴɺôͬǾ޴ģ͵ϮɽһڻǿģϴǸӥΪ̫Զûдﵽ͵ϮЧ϶ԷĴ󵶣Ӷˮһεĺ貽޹Ҫǵʱͻƾʮǰ
ͻƾʮʵǲͬնٶȸǴϺɾеĥϰһ̨ס
ˮ䷳ǿյţʱͣߣֱ﷢һ㣬Ȼż
ȥˣˮͣó壬ȻʼĴԴϴһʱ䲻˻ûб仯
ʮδмǽɾͷŵе
źȻûʧһ£ϾҪɽڣݳϳһһָĴɡ
ˮµʱõ϶ΪôһҪźˮ֪ô֮ھݴ½һĴڡ
ϧȼ̫Ͷѣ
ˮ죬Ż¥ȥңѾˮЦһ¡
ˮЦЦץ֣
ֻǿˮʱȴǱܿˣˮһץס
ˮʲôҲ˵ȻļôŽɫϹľ
֪˵ʲôҲţʲôҲ˵ˣֻһǰˮ㻹ǰʶ
ˮĿŻ˵һֻֻŻһֻѩ֡
֮ſġů޷εʧį
ˮʲôҲҶ˵Ц޷رŮЦɲҲͬ棬˻ѹ
оôҿѾˣߣҷȥߣ
ˮſڴеƵĻ˵
ҿˣ
ϲ˵
ţ㣡
ˮ΢Ц˵Ȼɴཫ
֪쿴ҵķ·˺һ㣬㷢ʲôԶԭԼġ
ˮ˵ɤȻһ˻ƣ˵ȴǺǰͬˡ
ˮ˵ˣ֪ģ½㶼˵ˣɵôԶԴԼ㷢ʲô飬Ҳߵİ
ˮӿ˳ˮ緺һ㡣
˶죬һһˡ
ˮݺ˵
ң
̧۵СҲûĺʣֻˮǰûʲô𣬻ô񿴵ǰϲŮ˳һ覴ãɲӰϲ
úãҲң
ˮŵĽ˵
ˮ½ϲ㣬ֻԼ֪ѣ½õòãҴûмǸһ
ˮ˵
ϲ𣿡
ˮûлش⣬ʵ
ˮʳԵĸܵһЦЦܿˮĿҡҡͷҲϲ㣬Ѿϲˡ
һͻȻʧȥһ۰ʲôмǲǻңң
ˮ˵
ᣬԶᣬʲôһǻһİ㡭е㽹˵󿴵ˮЦȻͳĬ
˵ģϲ㣬ԶǸǸ˵ŮӣǵŮӡ
ˮ˵긩е԰׵Сϣ


265 칬ơľ
΢΢۾Ͳˣֻǽһֱ
ˮϸĴ꣬˱ţʱ˺קҧء
ˮû˿أˮ̧ͷȴǷĽץһѡ
ĴˮССһѣþò֪ζˣˮо¶зӳˡ
Ͻİѻķ£ǲ԰׵Ľһ˿̬죬ǵɫ˺ۣˮ
ˮԵĿ⣬һۣϲԼǲƭԼġ
ֻǻе㲻ԻԼ䵽ģ뵽ˮԼиʲô⣬Լǲʲôı䣬Ů˺һ𣿡
ˮŻ߳ȥԶĲ׺ȴǿĵĿǡ
һֱŵ΢Цˮоر㣬Ҳ֪ΪʲôҲΪԼŻô˰ɡ
ˮΪʲôղô嶯
˵û𱸵˼
嶯˭˵ҳ嶯ûҲһ㱧ϴԺҲûлˡ
ˮһ·Ȼеϸһϸܵĺ飬ɴһѰ
ô׵˵
ҲǴҶҪˣ𣿡
ˮŻ޳µĽرӯио
鵽պãԸеǡǣطݲ¶ǣغβȴ˶̵ͦԾˡ
ڣԶڣҺ֪ܿģллˮ
Ŀĵ˵رǵ˺Ҳסһ㡣
㣬㱻ףѡһɣ
ˮٺ˵
ҲˮͷѸٵĶסſС죬ͷҵķ۵ͷ׷˱ԼĽҺ
ڶαˮǣÿζ͵ϮֻһûǰĻſǸоĶ֪ĺˮͷ
ˮᱧŻǽεβĴˮ˷ܣһ
Ļзϸ΢ԵĽֻΪˮһ˷Ҳֻˮ
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Լϲ׺
ˮ΢뿪Ļ糺һƬ̣˫ˮ΢΢ˮ˫ֻۣдẬסĴꡣ
Ļٴα۾ˮ۾ͻɿĴ꣬˫۲ŻٴκסĴ˱
ĿܽܽĳëҪˮĽëһһգһգԸƥ
ڻҲٶˮˮģˮݺݵС죬һֲֻǷβ󣬶Ѿ쵽˵Ĺɹ֮иš
׺¿ĺ벻ȥĻŵĻ棬֪ôվڲԶĶ¥һգգĿŵ컵龰ˮһֻڶҲܿ죬ࡣ
ͻȻˮ΢΢һЦҵ뿪ڣ
ʪˡ˵һȥҪ·
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촽òõôˮϣ촽Ħ˼£Ҳоǵ͹
ص¥ûп׺£ǽյʱˮЦЦ֪棬ˮŻҰŵϡ
ҪҪҰ㻻·
ˮٺٵЦ
ҪԼˣҪ·ˮűӿЦڻǺǵЦ߳ң
Ϣһ£ȥˣ
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ˮǽ̸̸ɣԺûʱˡ
׺˵
Ӧ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
ˮҲε˵
ˮڸ˵ʲôҲܲˣһҲ㣬һǶ㲻ȥһ٣ֻϣܴºӳȥ
ˮĬû˵
ԺΪ˸ĸʱʱ뷨ºúõǾˣйʮǰĶԹ
׺Ц˵
ӣǰ㷢ʲôӵʲôط
ˮҡҡͷ
׺ӻһϽɫ糤һСӣܾһɫĹ֣۹·ȻĹâ
칬ƣȥ칬
׺ɬİƵݸˮ˵
׺΢Цſˮ
Ӧչһ𣿡
ˮһеԻ
ɵѾͷϲ㣬֪ϣѾͷ׹ʱչòãҺͲ׺Ը
ˮŮ˵Ļ̲ס뵽ĻȻȫֻͬǻ˵ˮֻᵱһ滰˵ǻһЦ
ڣ׺µĸ˵Ǿģ֪ŮĪĸ
ˮ˿̲ƭ˵ģȵĳɷָ࣬ˮôҲ뵽׺»ῴԼΪˮʶв׺ϲӦ׺ӣҲҪǸˡ
ˮоԼ죬׺ȴѾ绪
ˮŲ׺򸾲뵽ԼĸףΪ˸ĸһѾɽĸΰ
ˮסɣԼ۹⣬ºõġ
׺ˮС
סƵˮ֪ϵθˣ׺µһԼ
칬Ȼ칬ˮ֪׺õն칬ˮԼȻĿھݴϴĴɡ
ˮһЩ칬飬ҲͰˣղſ׺ɬЦ֪ԷʲôԣҲûʱ˵ˡ
ʱĻ֮
ˮεĵ˵ͷ̫ѡһεѡÿһѡҪصĴۣǷǡ
УҪʱ´ΣֻҪ߾ͿɣʲôǴҪ죬ҺϹӵս㿴ţڵʮǾ׼ܣʱһ㣬ͫΪǿ·
ˮľţ˭Ҳˣ
ҹˮȥһ»ʱܵϵĵӺغأȻ˵ҪԼߣɶԷŹԼ𣬼ʹҲҪɵϹӣȻƾʲôӡ
صסˮ˸ýɾʱ䣬ȥԺˮѽսסѥӡͷ롢塭ţ壡
ˮɫСϹһδһҫ۵Ĺâ֡
ûаԼ·ϱư
ˮȵĿ򾪻塣
壬ڵĿһļ״̬Ѳ֣ĹߵһС


266 ڹӥɱ׺Ů
ˣˣ
ˮôһ˲Ĵ㵣Ͼؼһ죬ˮû뵽컹ôһµȴʧ
ڷ·תܻоϲˮû뵽ʧȥĿϣʱȴˣҸ̫ͻȻе˴ֲ
ˮűøϲתľ壬ĵİţȻϹУһҡ

һཻĦʯľ޴̶̶﷢ţۡ
ԭŻô֨ԶڳֻŲĽҲڿлҵķţˮɾ͵ģҺǿ󣬴ʱˮĸܵĿֻš
ˮСײûжŻ񡭡ˮɲҡˣһԼȥײǽˣǺ⾪Ч
ľˮעϹʱҪĸ࣬ȻҪһʱ屶֮ࡣ
ˮоʹйϵԽҲԽһֱ屶ֹ֮࣬ӵľԶֹ屶
ˮѾϣûǰͷֻáӲİ취ͷŵעˮĵǶľÿԴʮΡ
ÿԴĴ꣬עϹȻһУˮҲıÿıҪ
Ѿɵʹý֮ˣڴ㲻ˮƾֱӷϵһһĸ֡
мÿȥһʱ䣬ˮͻ壬ȻܶʱӾǿ뾪֮ϵ͸ӦóֱͲֱ
ʱˮɾ˯һȥˮûд˯ϴһ
·󽫽սϣսѥͷս·ϲ롣
ڿ󣬳ɾˮ֪ʲôʱͻȻôĹʯһ㣬̵׺
ɫȴ˸о룡
ˮ¥󣬴ʱҲҪڶˣŮ¥󡰵ƻͨˮ̤¥ֲ׺ҲڣͬҲս׼Ȼ׺ǽսȹ
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ˮһĺܺÿȲ׺ĻÿиŮҪˡ
Ů˺ǺЦ
׺ǺЦţûиоʲôϾˮҲֶѰŮˡ
ˮεЦЦû뵽Ů˻ʱ򣬲׺´˳һսȹͷƵ㷢߸𣬸Ŵ貳
ˮеҵӿˮˮóΨһһڼףһɣϧûиԣرķսסսȹͲĺܶࡣ
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ڴʱˮо׺ܳǿϢ
ϹôֱʰȻɽڵĳ㳲Ҳ׺ɽֵ֮ˡֵˣ


267 䣬ٰ׼ֻΪһ
׺ɨһܹЦ
Сʻ괬𣬷ϻҲˣҽɱӣҪ֪ʧȥӵʹࡣ
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ϹӾһŲ׺ȫװ¼סѥӣȻֿһˮˡ
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271 ̣ɽڴϣ
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272 ׺µı仯ǰ칬
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壬úãֲŮǶ֣ȻݻɽͷдͷҶԹһӲǷ˵Ķ飬߰ɣ
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˵Ǹǿˣ𼶱ˡ
׺²֪ˮΪʲôЩǸˮ
𼶱ˣ
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ͻȻˮŮӺбһ㣬֦ïʢԵʣ֦ïʢ˵
ţŮ棬ȥԣӦò̫ңԶ
ˮֹš
֪Ǵˣ
ǣ
ˮϲʵ
ɽ
׺µĻشˮȥȷǻɽˮڲ׺µĽ˵֪ɽ滨ݵľ޴ɽϵΪйӺ滨ݵԵʣɽ޶ǿޱȣҪǻۺܸߣö֮ɽҲݵһ֮أ
ŮڻɽУ
ˮӿɬ˵


275 ƽңʮ꺳ʨ
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ˮεĵͷиԼֻҪϹǿͻƵȥ̽رͼϵĵصŮ£
һʱһȥ̽Ѱء
ˮŮ˵
ţ
ĵĵͷԴͦĵģ׺ֻЦЦû˵ʲô
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ϢʱУˮɾʮϹǿһƽֻҪۻ̫
ЧǺܺõģµʱѾۻʮ죬ˮȸԣʵеİɾ൱һʱ䣬ҴӾʮһ쵽ʮҪġֱӷ
ûɾĻֻ⼸ҪʮꡭˮԽԽоɾΪϹǿһ㣬ûɾˮ϶ʹҲϹǿߵ̫Զ
ɾͲһˮ֪ɾĹܲÿֻʱΪʵеʱʱĸʱأֻʱȴԭһһٱһһʮһȶ١أ
ˮҲֻһ룬ûбʲôϣѾıϹǿ˿ѷɫΪı̬ʱȣʲôҲܴﵽһ˵ĸ߶ȡ
ɾϹǿܲƽңܺʨҪ
ˮҡҡͷƽɣʱҪ̣ҪʨˮЦԳ֪ʮܰ쵽Ѿǲ˿Щƾܰ쵽ġ
ÿڻͽıˮоΨһĵľǿĴúӴӲңǿյĸоرġ
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ʱҲһЩ칬飬֪׺֪һЩϾ׺˵٣رݲ׺ǵú׺˵ĺܶ顣
칬ϵһɣڵʮÿһǾӢ칬ߵΪףʹŮʵǰҲܼ칬
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ˮ֪˫ˣˮִ󵨵һֻ΢ס
׺̲סһţ̧ͷЦԼˮ˫ÿ۾峺ޱȣ縸һĳ谮һЩɫ
Ա߰ȥҲҪ
ˮһֻסѩС֣ˮһ̸о㣬˵ӵұͬʱŮǵһΡ
ϵһͳɾȻǸӦöˣ˺Ů˽һ㶼ǴǣֿʼһŮ˲ǣ֣˵ŮѾѾʼԽ
ˮŮ׺ȴһĿԼСüӣоԼˣȷԼûаˮȴԼ벻ʱǵ뿴ϲʲô鶼¸ҵԵӡ
ֻϴǺϴ˯вŻῴĴһԼҲѹ
ˮĲ׺¿еΣ֮ʳָŲ׺µӡ
عĲ׺ѸٵͷˮʱŻ˵Ļ칬ŵż죬칬ĵӺֹʮĴмʵ
칬ڷ־Ÿʵ־ŵͬҲһһ
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ͤӵĽṹ򵥣ͨ͸٣ǽͤƽɷΪͤκͽͤԲͤͽԲͤʽͤȵȣ幹˵ֿɷΪܡܺܵ͡
իһ鷿߶ĵط
˵Σ֪ʲô𣿡
ˮع˼ʵ
˵˵в磬ϾҲ칬˵Ҳ֪֡
׺³˵ϧûгˮٴʳָĹ˹Ρ
ָооٹģڴһеĻȴǺڴĸо
ǼʮǰڱʲôͲˣִһ궼ᷢʲô仯ġ
׺ˮһ˵ˮֶûޣû˸ռԼˣûԼǰֻںʱˮŮ˵Щľɫʱ䶼ڻϳʶ˯һĹۿЩĶ
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ݹˮû¿ΪԺǻɫģѧҲѧˮ²ڽԲ֮ǰĹûѧˡ
ҩľֻпһ㣬յ䷽ֻҪҵչˮܿͿԶϧչȻһ翵Ķ
յҩԼһŮӲ֪ǲǺϻŵˣںϻʲôݣһܴƱ˵λܵ͵ȥ
ˮȴͻȻ뵽Ůӡ


276 ˲׺£֮壿
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ڻ˵㶫ˮʵʱƳǵġгǡشѾ·ˣǰˮϹǿ˳Ĵﵽʮ죬ÿһͻˮܸܵʵԵӡ
ȻÿһͻӵʵСʵ˵ģ
ţʵĻҲҼ칬ģ
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ˮʱȴһ߷ˮҡҡʲôضˣʲô㣿
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ѡɽˮ֮ظں֮أǾѺõأֵĵط°빦ǶͻƱҲźܺõá
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ˮһû׼áﲻʺϡе㻨ʧɫ˵
һ仰ˮѹˮ֮׺¸ձԼˣͻھе㲻ʺϣһ׺»ҲΪ飬ˮûﶯֻǱǾ仰еƲסԼ
ˮֱӰڻȻ֮ͦУĸоˮ·סһ͹Ŀһ£
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ˮָֻǰɽˮһֻ쵽ǹɹ֮УˮоеһŻ𲻵ûϨ𷴶оеͷ
ˮ֪ĸ˫·ӲķŵǻȵĹɹ֮䣬ļӽ˫ȡ


277 еŮˣִ칬
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ˮû·ҲûֹռñҲˡɬˮǣ̼ˮǷһ˱
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ҿˮ۾΢΢Ϣţʱİѷ۵Сͷ¶һ㣬ˮȥǻĸое顣
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ˮоܻƣվԶϵĲ׺£ǹ¶Ӱˮ֪Ρ
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ͨ칬ɽĿŵϾȻûһżȫͽ򼲱ˮһȻٶߡ
ѵ칬ӣ
ˮž˷װʹ磬̶ֶһ·Ϳüˣ·ʽһӴһ׭幬֣֪칬ˡ
ˮϢʵһһߺͲ׺̸ˮѾӦ׺£칬ٻȥĸױ֤껹ʱ䣬Ȼʱ˵겢һҪꡣ
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278 ѳϣ칬һ
ʮ·ͨ˵Ҫһʱˮֻյʱ䣬ɽˮٴοʯ׵Ĵڡ
ֻʯˮ𺳣Ϊʯ׾޴ÿʯ˸ߣȻʮײŻеڶʯסˮһǣסһ˵С֣Ȼһͷ̨ףɽȥ
ʱ·˶Ŀˮˣˮ²ǾԼ˵ķװ˶ᾪ޵ĿŲ׺ºʹɴĻ
־޴ʯһֱɽʯɽ·һȻѶϣֻǡ֮ε
ɽϾƽ̨ףʱˮΧѾУԻطǸߴɺɽʯɡ
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ʲôˣΪδ칬
Ϊһںڵľ׳ȵ
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׳һʦܣȥͨ·ѳϣ˵Ҫ칬
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ĬĬţȻһЩԺܵ͵¥УˮĶһЩߣЩˮһ֪ߣ͹ƶϣֱ´ĥĺۼϢرԡ
ˮʵһֱһ⣬ղ˵޼û˸۸ԸϢװΪʲôֻǸµӵˣӦüܶ˶ġ¥һ۵¥ǰ޼ˮ˵ǳϵסլסȫǳϣղЩ˶̫ϳϣֻҪڵϵǰ϶ǱΪ̫ϳϡ
޼ĻˮоɾǲһһôϹ벻ǿѣЩǡ顢Ϊ¶½һĴڣվ߶Ȼϼ꣬˵ֶΪʲô͸ˡ
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279 칬ǣ
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ͱãȴһˣˮܾȣ˵꣬Ȼ½ˣӦúܶ࣬ʱкܶȢС檣Ͼʲôж̫ҵʵڼį
ߵഺԱ겻ǰ˿һ׳ģŮ˿԰̴棬ֻԺͻɲɣģ
µΧм䣬ΧƵͼҲм䣬ĵȴԶнķɢܡ
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һ¹ԲˮһӸо̵Уǽý֫ͺгıɣѪ˵ơ
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һ˲ˮ֪ٶɣˮ֪ԲʲôԲ磿
ˮٿڶȻһͷ¹һֻ¹һֱµе¹ƲȥҪһ㡣
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ôһ¹ͼ˵ʲôѧѧ¹ܣѧ¹
һڿ¹εֹ
ˮǾ治мĺ˵Ҫѧ¹ܡѧ¹


282 µŮ칬
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һݸһջÿɾʱȻʵÿʱÿ̶ڽˮ͸оܿ뵽ĸ뵽ң뵽ԼйŮʦһҶ裬뵽ʨˮһӸоʲô
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ǴɵļԡЭԺԾԣˮòĴɻе̵ģٿµͺŽᣬŽ
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˵֮˵ߣ˵ߣȻʼһ˵һʾˮ֪Լң׿Գɳʲô̶ȣң޷ȣˮңĵκܸˣڸûʲôԵĽ
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ˮ뵽｣ЦˣŮ̫ˣԼвȴʵĸо񾭲ϣҪһ㡣
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ֻоˮֻȫĽԼٶᵽߣһһͷ˲ϡ
׺ȴһ߿ЦĿˮͻˮͨġ־ʡģˮĳƮݵĳ̶ȺͻȻ񣬵׺֪ˮõֻһĳѣ


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ӵķֻǿ쵽յʱˮסٺٵЦڻֵĿг
׺һЦ⣬Ĺĵ죺ߣҾͲа
͡ͻϮҲľ޴ǱģԵʱһҪóҪƵҲҪ˵С
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ʱĳˣֺǺǵЦţϰһЦĵøˣرˮóòľȵеĿɿڴ
ǾԲţһ˵ʿԴﵽ㾳磬ҲȻŷǷʹƾʲô
ˮ˻ѧ̰ãԲûٽֻһԿǣʱָ㣬·
ˮ뿪һ㣬ˮȥʯģˣʱ䲻ʱѾߵɽ
˽Լһ٣ںɽһɣ
ˮԼ˸õɾʯķȥ
ɽһ߻ɽܴȴǻߣȴĻĵطʱȻѾȴӰŮ֮ļ飬Ұԧǲּڵġ
һ·ϾüԣرһƫƧˮһŮڷİ£Ӵ׳彫Сѩ׵Ů𣬵ȴǽһ𣬴Ȼ졣
ΪˮͻȻĳ֣ǰˣֱˣŭˮҰŮ˳嵲ס
ˮϽǸȻѸȥţǸŵôӴ˲ˣǾ̫Բˡ
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ǸˮսŮˣħ꾫һŮӣһϮɫ£ǰ͹˹յѪųƵϹǵǳЦ촽ȣ
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ˮ֪Ů˾ǵ͵Ļ񼶱Ůˣǰʷеİ榡槼ԲԲѶá
ôƷŮˮֶûʲôøУˮ̫ҡҷĵŮִֵоǾνĻŮˡ
Ůˣڴϸ˵庮ҹҲǲֲٶѣŮȻǾ֮壬ҲܲǷ֮壬˵ջ󲢲ǡ
ˮоŮÿҹӦĳ˵Ĵ֮ϣǱʶĺųŮˣĺ
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ʩˡˮصסʱɫѾˣÿξ¥סˮ̲סɰŮϧԼҪʹ࣬һ̲ס뵽ҡ
ˮѾŬԼȴޣʱȴǺѣûԸ֮ǰҪʮһʱ䡣
ˮ֪޻һʧǡɱ˫ۣˮйϣֻſʲôҲȥ롣
תȥˣˮ컹ȥϰҹɾϰ˵ֻʱ䣬ˮ˵һµʱ䡣
Ѿˮƽˣ֪һʱ˽ĵزһᾪЩڲи𺳣Ϊˮֻʱ䡭ֳѧʦʦС塢ɡÿֳַм߼Բ
ˮľݹΪǸûаվݴ½ļ𻮷ֻ֣СɡɡԲˮоԲ൱ھݴ½Բľ硣
ϴһȥ㳡ϳǺ͹Ǹ｣Ʊȶӣݴ½һһһսʱ˵ãܶԷӦӦս߶׼ʱ˵ĵصţʱ䰮ΪʱӳһʱһʱΪ
ˮ²ؼһڹ㳡ϳǸ｣ƾȻѾڹ㳡븽һ̨ˣֻҪˮһ̨̤ȶ㿪ʼԸǾݴ½սսĲпԡ
ܾų򣬺̧ͷһˡҡǾͿԼȡչˡ
ʱ˻һʱ䣬ˮʼնų̂ϵĹ｣ƿһۣȻԵõĴԼ̫ȭݡ
˵ܹٵս𣿡


291 սһУ
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ٿ۷׶ΣгǸС˭ܱȹδҶύϡ
һеֲ۵ĳӵ
㿴飬˿̻򾲣ҿеĴˡ
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ʱ｣ȴǳԶԸе˺Զǵ΢ЦΧĿȫߡ
ֻ΢ԶĵطˮˮȴǱ۾Լ⾳֮УΧ鲻Ųʡ
˿̶̨ΧˮΧҲΧ˲ˣˮƲȫӦΧĻȴֶΧһвں飬һȺߣȫӡ
ˮԼָо֣ţǸֻ߰ǳ
εˮ˫ۣΧ˶ڿЩ۷׷абᴫĶ䣬ȴرںһ㣬ֻǲ漰ĸ׵һЩ
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｣迴ˮչһЦ̲ס뵽ʱ˵Ǿ仰Ǵûùּ䳰
ҵˣ㹫С˾ҪģҾֻбŰķݣʩˡ
СʳʲôӲͻᵽ֣ʲôõġĶȵõʲôֻҪû˻ᷴ
ʼ˼˰գµϯӣʲô˶ǳڸµӴӰΪЩΪ٣Ϊɽ𺣵Ҳ١
ҲΪˮĳ֪ԭ˿ʲô˶˳ģϲֵĸоϲѶȵ飬ϲֿɼĸо
ˮӹ｣ŲĿŶ̨ȥˮ֪｣ЦʲôԼʾãϣԼڱҪʱ飿
϶̨ˮǰӲмĿԼˮǣ֪ҴԼûбҪûϵҿô类˲²Լݡ
ԼΪĵӣȻҥɼ˶ŷ޷粻ˣѨ硣
һ֪ĵ｣һмԼûϵ
ˮĲмӣˮͲں˵Ŀֻһ˳⣬ʱǳҲǱסȵġ
Сú࣬ȴҲĺܱ
ıϾ٣׵ıѧϰ߱ѹȣѧѹȡз棬ЩүԶЩʵߵ̬޷ģԶ⸻˵Ļӻһ
Ϊʲôǹҹȥ
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߳ŭ
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｣ͬҲһͨ죬ȻߣӢͿԱԼҪСʤԼָҪԼһЩ
ԼԹң
｣߳һ潣ߣõ칬Ȼһпܿ죬ˮңںϺرɾһµķϰ

ˮŶԷӰҡͷ
ˮ֪ҲԼϤԵʣϾˮһµʱ䲻֪ϰ˶ٱ飬ҲǰңںϽȥ
ˮҡҡͷˣͬû˿һ죬쵽ۻҡ
ˮڶһ˲䣬ӡɽʯи⾳ѾǿƵĻŴ;Ч
ͻɽ
һ˲ˮᵽ۷壬ʱֱֱѹ｣ƣһ̫羪Ĵڹ｣Ƶļ
꣡
ĶϹ𣡹｣˱ˮ̫еҵĵɳȥǹ｣
ˮվڶ̨ϿŹ｣ǿվڵϣλǹ｣ߣ
｣ҵ湫｣Ƽһ־ͼͷѣϢһ¾ûˣղſǼǵһѡ
лл飡
｣΢Цˮ˵


292 绪ʱ촸
｣ĻΧ˸һ̾Ѿر𺳣ˮֻһнһ۷ܣ｣ĻǾȡ
ҿһд۷廹飿
и׾ȴǿ´ԣҲǱ𺳵ġ
ܴ۷壬ʡʣôʡˮվڹ｣ԵĹ｣ƣʱͷ亹ɫͨ죬˫еֻį
ˮ¶̨ڱ˵ۺͻЦŮûиож࿪ģȻүӺͷ޼ǾʹƯ㣡
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Сӣÿζ˵㣬°̤ʵأǲݴ½˿Уš̫ˣ޵һ޵ڶŬԼ;ˣҪںһεĵʧֻоηܳΪһò
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ĿĵЦ˵
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촸
촸ϡе꺮ƣӾ޴أһ֮죡
Ȼ촸ˮĿһϤ֣пޱȣ΢磬ӿ䡣
ӽĳ߳ϸͨںڣͷг֣߶೤ͬҲͨںڡ
ɢһǿı촸ֵҲǰ䣡ͨںʮ㡣
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޼촸ġ
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ˮ촸꺮죬̫ˣͷȴǧʹӶɡ
ĵĻˮޱȣⲻǶ


293 ˵ǧ칬˵
ˮĿⶨĶǰںڵ촸ϣͨˮһ
ʱӶɣ٣
ˮֻԣˮԼġһʡԣ˿ʼĳ⣬Եġ
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ǰ촸ӦǶõһѱߵǼˣֻһԣܵ˵ˮоֻҪԼһ롰ʡˮƽͿԶ촸Ʒʵı
ϾˮӦǶ
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Ҳ촸ˮоǰĴǿ̫ˣֲ˵һĶӲ٣ҪǿԽ似ֵķӳ
ڣˮоԼǧ촸ķ¾ȻﵽŵƵĴӴʱֿ񱩡Եƥĸо
촸һ죬Ȼֻˣȴˮϲ񣬴ǰԵǿʽǴһȥҪһɽҲҪΪƽصƣ촸Ĵ˵
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ˮʵҲû뵽촸ȻԴﵽ߶ȣˮƽʱϰǧʱͨ߻ȭͷ档
˿װһѳֵĺñߵĵڶˮ˿ˣǸоϷʱĻϺװĸо
үӿ佱ˣллϵ촸
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ˣû뵽ľƷϷͺƤˡ
̾ȴЦǺǵ˵š
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ֵܻˣοֻʦֵܣʶ٣ڽλûرƵγеɺҳɷ֡
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294 ս粨Ů
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ƮһɫŮ˵Ĺȥµ϶ԭˮɻĿŷ޼Ƕô棬Ⱥкþл
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295 칬ʵˮġס
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297 ʧĹ｣
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ˮûôߣǸĿ̫ңԶˮĿǰֻﵽ죬ȴĸ׵ԸʮծҲȥҪˣϢһҪϢӦûٰɡ
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ҩˮֻҩмһСҲǾȸߣȻƳţÿŵҩԺԭһġ
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ѾͣѾмĶ̨ȥΪ⡶칬ʮС
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߽ǰʮʩչһ󣬾ͿʼʮУ߽ٶȸʱĳϸظ顢顣
ˮššţһ칬ԽǿˮܿģΪ׽ԲúܷѧɣЩΪεԭˮʱȥЩʯȥĦһ
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298 Ϣʯɽ⾳
ۣȻ˿Ժӹ｣裬ʶˣ
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ˮ⸱ʱëһΪˮвô˳
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Ҫʮˣʮһ죬ֻҪͻƾʮҲϹǿ֮ʱͿˡ
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Χ˶ֵĿվӢӣȴɵЦ
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ѹҪˮһһѹôܲģɽɽ


299 ˮϯӣͼ
뵽ղŮ˵ĻˮҡҡͷЦ׼뿪ݴ½뺷ŮȻ൫ҲǿԲʱļ
һʯ㿴˶磬ˮʯҪҪʱ䣬ˮ֪ʯӦҪʱ̣ܶϴοͻɱҰʯ
񻢾ɽʯͻϢʯֵεʯѾҪʱ䣬⻹ԼڻԲΪǾͨȭۿһҲѿʲô˵Եʵ̫ˡ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱԿЩʯʯˮоеľԼ͸ʹ͸ҲҪܳʱ䡣
ˮصסûü¥Ϳһվˮһϳ߾ڹ㳡ڡ칬Īϣ⻹ˮӱ˿Īϡ
ˮӡܺãԺȻ˵ĪϺã
ˮɣģ
Ī΢ЦĿˮ
֪ĪΪʲôվȻ֪ǵԼԵĻʱ൱ľ档
ң֪Īʲô飿
ˮȻȣһ㶺Ǻǵʵ
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Īֱӿżɽ˵֮ǰһж֪ĺҲѾˣϾϯӱ˼Ҳе㶪˵ġ
ҲϯӣҲʺϡ
ˮԥһ»Ǿܾ붼ݡ
Ҫ֪칬ϯӵĵλرеϯӾӣǽļδѡûʲôҪΪġ
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ܵϯӵǡ츳涼ģԺ󱻱ĸ˳ʧȥϯλãΪҲΪһϡ
ҵѡΪȻҪ˼롢Ʒ¡Ϊ˴ͬҲҪеʱֻҪܱѡϯӣһǲᱻ
ˮĻĪһȣΪˮϲģϾ칬УϯֻоŸ
ϯӵ̶ȿɼͬһ㣬ѡϯҲǳϸģˮ֮ô챻Ϊĺͷ޼ԭ򣬲ȻҲҪϸĿˡ
ĪϴƬ̣ˮĻϣֺϵڱĺ²࣬ΪϯӺ󣬲󣬾ѧ似һЩҩ¼סϵεģ̫ϳϺ͵
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ˮĪϵ麩ЦЦ
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㲻칬ԼҲҪиصݣԼҲҪֲԼһҵˣԼҪھݴ½Ҫһˣұõѡ
ϣҿԴӦ㣬ֻϣܸԭϯ˵˵
ˮ뵽˹｣衣
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Īϵݸˮһڲ׺ɫ칬ƿĵЦ˵
칬󣡡
ˮҲû뵽һʱˣĵط֮һǲ뵽ˮȻе㼤
ˮҲĽӹллϣ
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׺ºͻѾˣɫŮ˵Цǿģˮȴǲ˵
Ȼ˵ῴˮЦЦˮеͷԣ뵽ѵ̸Լ̸ôġˮŮĹǲԽ̣һɣ΢ЦĿˮŮ˵ն칬͡ϬĹ似նи֮Ҫе֮óҪٵ徳磬ʱмöԷ˲䡣
ĵĻˮ۾ȻһȻԵĹЧһԣʱڶֹ̣в˿ʧ˲ʹҲˡ
徳ͿɳԵЧʹʱٶҲ졣
ˮеĹâ
ԼһѧնһҪ̵ʱ֮
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Ŀˮ˼ЦȻ쵫ʺܵͣԷǿĻЩأڶԷ񾭵ĹûЧ
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ȻúСȴԴԴϣСҲ⣡οǲϵۻ
뵽ԵǱܹǸԼģǶο֪ÿ˿ԳԶٿţˮϣлϣϾϲߵõôģԼʶһ̨ס
ˮŲЦŵ㣬Ľ˵
ն似һ֮˵ֱ׵ǽСټУγһӶﵽһǿı
˵ţȻն֮˵һ飬ֻĵĽ˵֪֮İԵ


300 ն۷ǿ
ˮ֪֮Ȼ񱩣ڿУһ˵ǺѺĵ
ʹõնĹûָŪ˾⹦һ֮ȭźͱնҪ󼫸ߡ
ԣǲٵģԵ͵ļ͸߼似ԵõҲûã̫;ʮҲֲԸߵһտԵҪԣ
ƾԾסʮ֮˾ŵˣΪߵģΪŵＸԼ֮ˡ
ģǺԲµֻˣ˵ĵҪԣǾԵҲסɹ׼һĿֲиȥ;еĥѡ඼Ҫ¸ҵԼȥ
ѵģ
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ѧĽ׶ʵǺܹؼĽ׶ΣĵػˮΪʲôϰΪǽĵػ
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ʱĺܿ죬תȥˣڲϰˮɾпޡ
ʱ䣬ɾвһµʱ䣬ˮڽնԸԳĽ׶Ρ
̫ȭնԵñŤñ͵̫ɶһ㣬ÿһεɶᱬһǿ
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ˮ̫ˣ첻ʱȻѾ
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ˮǺǵĸЦţɾҪȻҲı̬ܽ͡
׺ҲǾĿˮϾˮҲ̫ˣǺܿģԼ뷨еš
ԼԴӴӦʦǸģɵ͸оˮľˣȻǰҲܽиǼĶ
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ǵٵҲ߰߰ʲôˮģһСɽһȭҲ͵ƽ˰ɣ̫ˣ۷ʵ
һˮĸĻǵҩ¼סΪ֮ͷѪҵھݴ½һжʵΪ
ϹŶ֮һˮԼ̫Ҹˣڴ󻹵յƳֵҩͿˮһʵ
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ͻȻôƵЩҩ۶ѾѳһˣˮôɹʢȻŪ˲ǧĽҩۡ
ڶˮ͸ġ޼׺¡һвʮҩرЧޱȣרˣ
ˮŮԼ㣬Ȼ͸һ㣬飡ʵҲǺҪҩۣϾÿ߲ϡ
ˮҩ಻࣬жµȫ
޼ڶ͸ˮ˵
ʦ壬ҩ۲࣬һҲʮ֧СֻҪǧҩݣЩѾҼĴˡ
ˮ΢Ц˵칬ǴɣµӦвҩĵġ
ɣҪҩĶгпյʱͽһЩҩۣ㿪ô
޼ЦǺǵ˵
ҾͲҪˣÿ»ṩʮ͵һЩҩľ顣
ˮĲ˵
޼˼ξˮˣˮֽд˼֣ҰҪҩݺʹ󻹵ļֶдˡ
ҲˮҲɣˮǵӡѾˣĹӣϡˮûдչΪүҲ֪ô˵ҲǸҩʦˮ֪үҩʦǸӣڰá
ˮ⻹ҩҲҩģϧͷӾƲɹ㲻ķӣɣ


301 ҩ츳ҩ
Ļطóŵҩӵݸˮ˵
ˮǰƤֽвǲܣҩˮջǺܴģҩΪһ̶ϱҪá
ҩʵһǲʧȥȴǲһ⵽ۺ죬˵ûԼɱ֮
ˮǽӹҩлүӣ
ӹҩˮ֪ԼͲҲϵˡ
ˮ֪ҩԲ̫ĵҩҲã۽绹Ǻܸߵģ˵ҩǾǼƷҩ
ÿҩʧʳߣ˵һҩʦֻвٷ֮ĳɹʣһ°ٴγɹһѾǲˣҩҲסڡ
ĺǺǵЦ
ҩˮİҩ֣
Ԫҩӳ¹ݡǧ˲Ρǧ֥ɫݡǧڵǧˮǧܵҶ
ЧһɵȫʵÿֻԳţٷ֮һļʾ츳ս
һɵȫʵѾܲˣСĹЧһˣƷһǶõĵҩˣҪǻԳţǾһʵ
ˮȻǸоЩѾܲˣ˿ˮȴǱǸ츳սˡ
츳սˮİÿ޶츳ս࣬һ츳ѣķһ
޵츳ٶȣ츳һٶ̻˲һЩҲҪޱ컯ˡ
ʲôޣһ츳ʵһ̨ףǿһЩóǿ
ˮ뵽ԼĻ񣬻츳ʲôǻãӻ𹥵ǷѪѡ
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һ뵽ֻǰٷ֮һҲֻΰٷ֮һˮͻȻ뵽ԺԪٷ֮һ츳սЧǷڡ
ˣǵƳʱɣҩԪǺöԱƷĵҩѷɫڶʲôҩ
ˮ뵽ȻȲĴ򿪡
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ҿˮһԼڣһԶˮ˵ͰƷһһĶȳ
Ҫҩûƣÿſһ൱ĹЧˡ
֪һ;壬澭Լ
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ܲ׾˵ľԵ׵Ļͨȱ˸ʱﵽĻۺʹ͸
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ĺǺ˵Цš
ˮΪʲôʸ֣ʮʮ꣬ʮʱÿھ񵤹ЧĵҩǾнΪ
Լɾ͹ˣڿԼ۽Ҳ̫ˣҩˮҰһĴš
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ƾ񵤣еֳɹڰٷ֮ʮξͻɹһΡ
ˮ֪ҩһǿ˵ҩȷϾôڵҩ³Щǿǿ϶
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ˮĺܸмĵġ
ȥˮ˼Ԫ;ҩƣ붼֪Լĳɹǲǻǰһ
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ҲдƮż˵˰̻̥ʲôĿʾˣԲ׺вġ
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ҪﵽоˮоҪʱܳ⻹ɾƳ񵤣ôԼʮʱ䡣
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302 ¼ݡçţʯ
ˮڶʲôۣ΢Цеȭû˿仯ɫЧ
ͻȻˮʶоעӣԴ죬ɫ⼸ϰˮԸоԼʶǿ˲١
ʶǿ;ֱӹϵ
ĸоڿԼˮһĳԼ⾳С
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һˮϤĺȻ
ˮ˫ۣ峺˫ۿ｣裬ϯԼġˮԥĿӵǰԵŮϾŮôܼܲһҪһɣֻҪԼûйϵĺαظǺܣ
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ˮѵǲƽ͵˵˵𡣡
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ˮ΢˫ۣԺçţľͼֱӱɾͼԶתϹ䣬ӵһɻǿԺеľ·С
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״ָ̬úˮЩڷźõҩúãرЩŵģɼϴӡá
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ⶫһֻҪɾԼб֤ϾֻҪϹһʱ䣬ԼɾƾϹǿԻָٱסûˡ

ˮ¯мһЩˮеˮٽҪúõҩķŽȥ𽫽೤Ļ
ͻһõľͻ𣬼һʱ¯ﹾ๾
ôҵĻˮаʱȻֱСֻôĻһֱĺ濾Ž¯


304 ɣԵԪ
ˮҩɹϹ΢Ц΢Ļһʱ
ˮֵ˽ʱſ¯򿪽¯ʱһ㴫֮һˬ
ѩѴСĵҩڽ¯ɢ¹һɫƯޱȣˮóƿװȥܷ⣡
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ˣԲүӸųɹʺܵ͵ҩһоˡˮ뵽̲סһֻȣһֶԼǿġ
ˮȳ˵㶫һϹǿǰçţתΪˮоƿ񡱣һҪҲΪвɽĴڣȻЧ
ʶеͼˮоŲ˼ãȻûоԣϸˮϵĴԼĽǡ⡢ѾСοԼɾÿͼĹЧ͵еù˵һޡ
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Կܼ򵥵ҩʵҪȫĵͶȥÿһҩ֮ںϡ
һ΢еͻҩʧܣԽǸ߼ĵҩԽҪںϵĴԽ࣬ɹʻܵͣͼҩֻһںϻԳɹʺܸߡ
ˮŻʶȫעĸӦŽ¯ҩĵı仯ÿһεںϡ
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һһ֣̺߰ĻĴˮԺˮĸܵǿһЩһȫʵǲСġ
ˮٵƬ̣ϵϢѾƽˮȴİٷ֮һ츳ûг֣ȻѾµǸоôһʧϾǱϣġ
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ˮٴóһԪһˮеĵҩҲԽǳⵤҩͷˡ
ˮЦЦڶԪУܿһ֣ˮоʵٴһɣ츳ѻûг֣Ϊһ츳ʵԲֻһɡ
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ԪȥȻһʵˮоԪĻơʵѾԵӲ٣Ӧһ̨һϾɵʵӡ
ˮڶеˣϾϣǺãģٷ֮һļʻǺСģˮо츳ѸеģоԽǿ츳ļӦԽС
ο츳ѰѪˮǻѪѾ͸ˣѪѲſܾ߱һЩ˵ս
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ˮе㵣ģϾôԪиðɣʲô͵òʧ
ˮĵž޴ͩϵĻʶչڷе޲ߣֻܵĵĿŻ߰
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һ˲ˮ۾Ϊ֮һʧ̫⣬Ҳ̫ͻȻˣֹâˮʹһμҲ֪ǳɹˡ
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ˮűɫĻгڴ۾һգգĶţԼ©ʲôһ
âɢȥˮھ޴֦ͩϵĻ񣬷ëֻɫϱˣɢϢҲˡ
ˮоǰǿ̫̫࣬ھȻѾʼޣеǿڵǿ˺üǱڹӥй֮޲
ڴ֮ǰһɽڳǰ޲ߣȻܣսһԼϲһʳߵĶ֡
ˮֻ֪ƾ豾צӡ͡ͿɻʳߣһʵٶȻ
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ͻȻˮͷȻһڡСΪԶˮϸſ
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ǰϻͷϵġ֣֮֮ʾǷˣ
ˮһ»񣬷ֺͻ֮ĸӦˣָоأͷ·һһ㡣
ˮǡֱͩϷĻʱˮ֪ٶڸӱ̬һˮ֪޺𽣬ǻӵŷ˵Ѫͳޣһ츳ѣõĺôǾ޴ġ
ˮ˻ͷϵġڡˮ𺳵ĿǹڣΪȻе˵еġڡǻ츳ѣѪѣ
ȻСֻͷСġڡھ޴ͷԵúСȴǺҫۣעĿ续㾦һûһӱһ
֦ͷˣ
ȻǺķڣ
ˮޱȣղſʱѾܿޱˣû뵽ȻǷеķڡ
ϧеСˮѾˣϴοڹӥǹȻһʱˮоͻͷϵġڡöࡣ
ڡֻзݿӵУ࣬ڡڣҲлʹڣȻͬһ֡ڡҲǵβһӦú͵ȼԼڡĴСйء
ϹӵĺڹӥڣǡڡٱȻͷϵķҪʮȼ̫࣬ûпɱԡ
񣬸Ŵ˿̻ǿ뵽ղŻٶȱڹӥǿˣͻľٶȣ֮ǰü
Ԫɶʵٶȡʶǵõ츳ѣʵǷ˶ٱǰΨһٶȿһ㣬ᷢʳ˼ɵ
ǰںڹӥǰܵʽ̵תָоüڵԺ
ֶһְա
ˮĵ뵽


306 ˮΡ׷׺
޵ǿӹɣͬ޿ɵĸɵüߣҪʼϵѱ൱ѣȻϹôǿҲӵкڹӥ
ˮ֪ڵжͨʶûſ¸򿴿
³ɫʱһС˺ֻܶ࣬ȭͷСͨϵ͸ƮĻҲ棬ǰɫŨܶࡣ
ˮĸܵµ¶ȺͱըԵҪǻ³ٶȣ̫ˣžȻڲԶơ
ǡԡľ޴ˮое㲻˼顣
̫ǿˣޱǿû뵽һ츳ʵ쭣ѵ츳Ѿǻӡ
ˮĵķŴ
ԽǿˮԽģ
ɾˮԼ˼Уû뵽ƳԪԼġ츳Ѫѡ
룬˵Ԫ;񵤵ƳɹʺܵͣǵҩҲһĳɹʣ⿴һɹʲˣμܳɹһΣҪ˷һʱһҩľ͸оһɹʻ̫ˡ
˲ʮԪֵҩޱȣ˭ԼݳޣǵҩҲҪʮ¯ԷԼӵлٶȾͻˮôղµļֵԲСĿҩıĻƵѶȡ
οûʵЧĽ׶˭ˮһ˷ѣϾǲˮӻӰ츳ѾٳϰԪֵõġ
ʱˮƽйȥ
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ңںϺﵽо磬ҪնˮŬ£ѾǴﵽԲ硣
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µˮǸо൱ģ˵ǹѧˮѧ칬ڹ㳡ʱ伸ЩʯС
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Ҳһʽô˵Ҳһϵ̨ʽˮεļҲһõš
鲻ʯܿ;ܺɽ
Ʋ࣬һɽһܰɽǰˮǾ޴ײ
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ˮĸоԾĻ˸ȵȻ־Ȼ֪ĸˮһ顣
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ˮһԼԤϵ࣬ˮǺ֣ΪʲôҪԼԼȻͲ׺¹ϵܺã׺²ԼŮˣϲϱˮûа취ǿá
ǰӢˮоܲˬر۾ͷϵˡ
뿪ʲô㿪
Ӣ΢΢ӦøоԼĺƯɡ
ˮŶԷĻüͷ΢΢ֻΪʲôҪԼ뿪ԼѾһûмˡ
˵ʲô
ˮ˵׼뿪ȴǱСסˡ
ʦûߣߵСӻʶɣ뿪С㡣
Сһ˫۾ЦſˮǸоèˣӡ
ۣյϯˡ
˾
µˮҮ
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˵ˮ
һֹš
ۣʦֺÿ
شԣϲˡ
ɵƻ˵µ𣿡
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ҿȥԲ֪ûˡ
Ҳԣɵ²˴ӰѼˡ
Ů˵ĻһӴµ˵ʹʱһƬ类β͵èһ
ӢΧۣǵ΢ЦζһаȣΧŮӿһƬ
ˮ֧㣬ˣ
Ҳ֪˭һȷˣһȻһƬ
ˡˮЦţµ˱ܡĳƺſ۵ѹСʱʱ̶̿ժȡˮǰˡ
ȻϵЦŨûΪ仰ŭΧ˭˵һЩ޴ж
ˮƿԸܵ˵飬˲⁳ӹţΪ˿ΧЩһ㣬һȺצ㶼ᷢŭ
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ˮ˵Ȼǰȥ
СӲԾ˺󼸲ˮʹ뿪
ѵӱܣɣǴһܣӮ˲׺¹㣬˾ʹ뿪
ȻǱŵЦ˵


307 Ҳеģ
˵Ļˮойɻȼգͣ½ŲͷȻ΢Цŵӣȴƽˮоرᡣ
Ů˲ǻʲôèá
ˮҲƽ˵˵Ļȴҭˡ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬û˸˵ʹڼҲ֮ӣյμ˵Ҫѡ
һעҪ貣ϴСʲڴ䰺ĵҩ²ӵнʵ
վ˿ѧôܸõ棬Ȼ˵İиҲܷ˱
ۣµˮ⻰˵̫ˡ
и˿ĵ˵
ƯϲҾ׷ҡ
һһŮһȴüĿĿˮԵ˵
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˱ɫ΢䣬ڻָһǲСһʶ̬˵һ䡣
ˮ΢ЦվǡɽϢΧ˸о˵仰еЦϾˮԵøŻеɣ
ˮ͸ɽĶĸξƻ䣬һʵξһ㣬ƾҲܽ벻ɽԭ
ˮ֪˵Ĵ㣬޷ǾͨǿԼ뿪ӶﵽԼ㣬߾Լϵ´Լڲ׺ǰԳǿơ
˵ͨԼļӽ׺¡
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칬׺µʵȴǱ˶ˣˣһǿͻǿš
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׷ԼҸھݴ½ʥģȻҲðڰǵʦװһŮ˾˼ҵδ򣬵ҪŮϲ㣬Ȼǻͽ޹
ڣʹ˴ˮΪˮǲ׺µġδ򡱴ˮҪò׺ϲȻûϣӲ׺±ǲ鷢
ˮĻرµ˴񫣬̫ˣ˺ܾõñ̸Ů˶ѡ
Ϊ˭µ̸ᱻ˱˵һŮ˺һүǣиصģ֮˻µ˵Ǹǲǻá
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µŮ˺ܶ඼ں̸ĺл˫ڸԵĵöԵ
˵б׷ŮǺܹٵġ
ŮƯǺãⲻ˶׷󣡡
Ūµ˸޵ݡһοϣôܴһͷͳָտʼֵĺȳ档
Сӣʦ˵˰ɡ
ĸСĺӱˮղƱ˳󣬻ģʦˮĺݻûзȵĻҲ˵Ҳǵһ
ˮ˫ۿСĺӣçţͻȻ뷢ˮͫױ÷졢죬絶һĴСӳ˫ۡ
һ˲ˮȫȻһΧޱȣСӲҽһ˫˫ۣһʹ̲סҽ
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ĥˣԼʩѹͲɳǴ۶һʲƵĲƸ
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ˮſٳˣҲҴ⣬ȻɱɽڵĳϣϾЩʵֻһѾʶԲ֮
֪ʼÿһ֮Ĳ໹Ǿ޴ģ߼ʳⵤҩӱ̬
ˮԶתϹǿ˲ᵽ£ǽçţ𣬺Ϲһ𣬵ˮȫֻһ˫ȭͷս
˳˲ƱΧ˱ףھˮҵʱӰͻȻӿ졣


308 սʶʵ
ˮŶԷѾľ߻򣬿ϧҲֻʦԲ磬ٶȻܿ죬۵ˮʱ񱩵һȭ
ˮܵһȭе֪ûоȫûնˮһ
һƼȴָоޱȣͬʱһͨۡƣһǰ̤
̫ۣͨ
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飡
ˮҲûöһƵ˱˰벽۾һϬһȭȻˮؿڴ
һˮоԷʹ˺ܶ࣬ȭӫſ񱩵
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ˮ֪ԷʲôȭȴǸܵȭдһȭзϢ·Ҫиһ㡣
֮ѵȭ߹ǽԣ
ˮ²ʹ̫ӭˣ;иǹԷ󴦵Ѩ徳̫ȭÿһʽʹﲻɶ칤ɵҲǵҵľ硣
ˮȭַ˵ʧ󣬱ˮһ£鲻ѣǱˮᾢƳס
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ҲˮóΧð
ˮŸӸоرŤоеŤ󣬲׳һıӣˮ֪նʹõġ
Ч˫
һһңң߳һֱ˵ġ
ˮɽϢΣԸֱܼ֣ҲǣҲǣһӵϲߴ硱

һź¡һȻ˳űˮһæ
˵ƲˣһϮһƸ㣬һˮӲ
ˮû뵽Էڱ޷ϵȻѾһ䣬ͻȻɻХڶԷš
ΧһƬѹ֣ˮվȴһֻɽľ޻ҺͽµĴɽһһ㡣
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ǿϢˣͬʱʹ칬еĸѧõɱеһ
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ΧµһЩյĵٴ˺ףĹעųеı仯һˮˣһӿ˹һ㡰ˮ䣬յˡ
һ˱˳
ǰղŻ˵ʲôˣο˭ˡ
ʦ֣䰡
յŻˡ
ˮָ֪оǰϴѧʱһʼģˮ˵ũʱ򣬺ܶζῴԷӵı顣
ˮǸʱߣũôˣƾʲôũ壬ũ񡭡ũڳҸŮѶѣյ˹ƾǰԼָоɣ̸Ů˶ѡ
ðˣܼ㣬еڣΰ˱ضΪǧָеɱһ
ˮԷеĲɱͷһԷһоУǱɱһС
ˮȫעĽʶչ
ͻȻȻ֣еѪ޹ıѪɫǰȻǰ̤һ
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һƵĺбѾӤֱ۴ϸѪȻˮȥѪıһǼһ޴
ˮüͷ𣬽űǽ
çţᵽ壬ǽХ֮ȫŷ
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ڱǽɵ˲䣬ˮǲ̵ЦݣЦֵ⣡
⣿
ˮоԾڴʱ˵ıٴαѪԸ͵ʽˮĽѾһƬУȻôҲ̲ȥ
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ˮæˣѾ綾һıӳˮԴ
Σһţˮ徲ַƻȥ
̫ȭǿķƱգ
Ѿ̫֮ȭϹçţˮֵĽɫâһֻ޴çţӰ֡
裡
ž
һ˲ӳйΣֻ޴çţӰ
ˮʱȴ̫һʽһ㣬Ʊգָоһ˲ˮٴθܵ궼õһϴӡ
Ȼʵû˵ʵ࣬һָоҲһ⾳һ·ͻȻΪģ·һһĸо
Ȼ֮
ˮ۾һ̵·ȥַ·һ˲䣬˵ʱˣǰĲɽе׽
ľ
ľҲѧһڡ
ˣôʤһоȻûã϶ˮһоԲ壬Ϊʲô֮ͬ
Ǹţͼ
ˮȻûзԼϰ̫ȭȻǿֵزرçţҲ˱仯ֻɵƣȻԻûçţӰ


309 ˮȥδް
粻ͻȻˮһ޳βһһʽ֮ǰѷɫǶ͵ꡣ
ˮһȴǸовĸоľ⾳йϵȻĺһȻȻͻٶȿȴȻ
ʱյǡô˵˲պñܿԷĳޣڶԷ֮ʱʹ
Ȼƽʱ߽࣬ݾһ㣡
һ̴ˣ֪˴ʱѾһ޴ĺ蹵ʵ޹һ֪һһ
Сֵܣ飡
ڴʱһ
ˮ뵽ղеɱ⣬˿̼ʹɱҲҪƲĴˣ˿ˮսһ
ˮĽҪ˵һ˲䣬һӰպõסˮĽһһĽ
ˮֻоһȵ˳űǽ̲סվȣ̧ͷŶ˵ˡ
ڿ࣬һȦ۵Ũüۣرһ˫۾⣬źڱʯһ㣬촽ܺǣȴǸ˸оرء
˶û°ɣ
Ĵɫ԰׵˵
ҡҡͷһ۸ڶһȻûȴҲеһ㣬ϱѹһɽߵﶼ̧ͷ
Ϊµ
Сֵܣʹ˴ס㿴ɺãҴμҸǣμһСֵܲ
ڵĺ΢Ц˵һݰ׵ҫۡ
ˮ²ӳƺΪ˶ǵλӦμҲͣȻҴμԼǡ
뵽Լڲ˽Թ飬ھǲҲˣڴʵԲףοˮоΧǿϢ½˺ü
µôҪ۸ҵˡ
Ϥ
ˮЦˣգۼԼߵķ޼ĺʦ壡
޼֣ᣬᣬСִⷢ˶ԣѾμǣһᶨСֵ͸
ΪĺӺ˵Цݡǫ͵㡣
ã첻ǽƽϣסμҵһݴ񣬿ɱμҵ˰
޼ˬЦ
壬סʦǡɫе԰ס
Ȼȥ˵
ȻЦ˵
㳡ϴʱŴµĻر˵ĻǰˮΧסˮüͷʱǵʶȤ뿪
ˮȥүǰɣҲڣҴմգղŻ߶һ¶ȥء
޼ϹЦݡ
ˮЦŵͷãҲȥүˡ
޼ÿοˮоǰһ̫ˣǰʱ仹ΪˮϵĲɽϢ̾Ϊ޼ϵϢûˮĺء
޼ԲǷȱһЩŮ鳤סĸסлŮˮΪˣʶ㣬ľͳ˵ԣټһĸɺˮи֡ɽǿϢ
²ʱ䣬޼ˮϵϢֱˣڲɽĻϸȴҲʵࡣ
ˮ°ʱ䶼ϣûмŮˮԸ飬ԲŰʱ䶼ϣķԼ
Ůˮͷ޼ĽŲʱõ˳ˮǳиܵ˹ػ˼һЩ˵Ķ
ˮŮеԹεӣֱܹӱˮĲӡ

ˮе㽩ӲվЦеȻеˮ
޼ǺЦͽȥˡ
ˮ§סԭת˼Ȧ£뻳ƱǶˣܵϸĴˮһ
Ů˵ˮѾܾò֪⡱ζˣûü˵ʲôϽɿһˮֻ֮һ㡣
ٴЦ˼ֱӰˮƵ׺ǰúðδްɣȻҪˡ
˵ʲôЦЦֱ˽ȥ
ˮ֪˵׷׺µ飬Ҳ֪ʱ䱻ǿĺӲ˶ʱ䡣
Ǻǣ£ô˵Ҳҵδˡ
ˮŲ׺µ
ĸоˮһ𣬷·˶ֽŲŵصĸоǵһκͲ׺ϵһЩӴǶȥˣÿζĶ޷ݡ
Ӧˮ
ˮ˵׺²ûˮĻΪˮ˿Ȼ§ȴûռˣȴеڻ
ϲǸյϯˣ
ˮζЦš
ʱˮšºһֵĥ͸׺¿ˮߣȴоһڸоİ
ȴǲųˮǰ֣ˮΪЩһʱĿˮһգգĿˮ
ˮ֮е㲻ȻڳһֻˮǷ̵ͦһ¡
ǹ⻬ֲʧԣһӰѲ׺´ӷоѣһһ޵ߵ÷ۺϼ
˲˫ˮҪݽȥ£ܵĽëģľĶǣɢʸˮ͡
ǽȥɣ治ðɣ
ֻάһᣬ׺˵ûлشˮǵ٩⣬оûҪǸĵۡ
ˮ΢Цĵͷͬʱɿ§Ų׺µ߽
ٿˮԵ¶ȵĿ⣬ˮľϲѾ̫ˣȻܳԾǺ׵Ľˡ
ˮͲ׺²˽Ϲ΢Ц
˼ʱһֱûүӡ
ˮ΢ЦŲ˵
ΪأĺܺãģͷܸܵģͷȻˣܶ黹е㾭飬Ժʲô벻Ը˵˵Ҳҿ԰㣬ͷҲǼԼˡ
ĵУˮԴкϣûκٳɷ֣ҪˮоԼͲ׺ߵһл
ˮʵ˵˵μҵ顣
˶ڲ輸ΧºЦ
ˮһү˵ļӦҲǿļɣ칬Ӧǣˮӡ
㲻õģҼȻ˵԰ţֻҪ㲻ɱ޹ҶΪôҿԱһοαһд衣
Ŀˮеź˵
ˮĵĻиоһ̤ʵóоûЩһıӾֻܼβˣȻʹҲزۡ


310 ͸ŮˡƳ
μ칬Ǵ壬УǸ칬ܾԶһ壬ӿʼڳֵ̫ϳ϶಻ʤյǿһڵμңյ̫ϳϣʮϻѾ޴ϯӡĺǺǵЦ
ˮϢз˵ʲôƺץסͻȻ̧ͷľȵ˵ү˵յѵҪɴתҴУ
û˵ֻ΢Цſˮĵͷ
ˮ֮٣Լ᲻μҹһ
ˮģүȻЦһ˵ǳװμҵˣԼʹǻ㣬ҲҪסʲôʱ칬ʱһҪǧСģ칬Էһģû飬ǲ칬ʱסһҪСġ淴Ķˮ
ţллүӣ
ˮϿҵ˵һ䣬ȻӣˮʱĺܸмǰƵˡ
ˮΪµĵӰյϯӴܵϢȳ˳ٶȻҪ죬һӼ칬֪ˡ
µʱһüһ棬ڻҪָ֣оԼ֪Ϣ߱ˣñ˺Լֵоܲ
һʱˮִսյϯӵϢ̵ʱڽµֵ˲֪
μң
ף
˵һθоô޵ݵվǰ
˵ĸԶտһͬϬȴǳӣһϱ߻һ˿źͺء
˵پͺԶտԶտһЩͻѵһˡ
ʱԶտɫе࣬׿Ǳģ촽е£һʱеѪͷ
ž
ŵĿĸףСǻûдѵĸ׽Ȼһ⡣
һ˲оĳֶˣ׵۹Ҳе죬ķнһ˿Թޡ
ΪʮѪ̫ʧˡ
˵仰ԶտΰֱӰе
Լ׼ʮ꣬Ѿе̫ϳϣʮϣڱĵҲԼˣֻöӵϵ֮λȻ󲻶Լˣųˣ𽥵Ľյμ
ڣӵϯ֮λûˣļϼһԻ¡
μҵҲ类ݺݵĴһ⣬һǿμҰµ
磬˶СӵʵѾ˶ܶˡǸʱԶտ˵
̫ûˣѲŰҩѳģΪԼˣˡԶտԽ˵Խһ
˵ͷûаʱһԹ˳ȥôҲܲͻȻĴ
ڴʱһͷ˿һˣеȣ룬ȴ۾죬촽˸ое㲻˼顣
壬ˣǱôԶտ˺æǰʵ
ҡҡͷ΢Цţǳ촽ֲмĸоȻſԶտ˵˶ϯ֮λѾһϯֻһ
˵еϸޱȣԶտͺû˿仯Ӧϰˡ
ʲô
µǸСӾͿԳΪյϯӣԶտĬˣ
ͬʱյֵ÷з˶˵ܣȻµ˴ܡ
һּҳμҵǲͬľǷңʱǼҴۼźĳԱ඼ͷ߰׵ߡ
һ֮ˣеȡȳƣһͷ׵ͷΧĻЭĸо
һ˫ϸ˫ۿŵµһˣ޵Цһеζ
ϴαμȣҪֵǷˡ
һ֮ͬվϵķҼ˵
峤Լǣһ׼ô꣬ϯǹؼһ˿ءɹһŵվ˵
Ҳô˳
ͬʱλһ欳Ůվ˵Ů˿ͣһֲɣȴޱȣһſƾɫ˫ɢǵĹâ޳飬ؽ·߸߳˵Ĳš
֫βν칤βеԲ޳˫ȱֱȳƣһŵĸо
Ů˵˶ǿ˶ǿŮӵĿааһȫ͸ŮˣŮӷ·ܲ˵עӣλļ
Ƴϣ˵Ҽ΢Цŵ˵
ˡֱԣһμұȥϯӶ˵Ǹᣬڱ˵ͬҲһᣬЩҪġ
Ůǵż˫۾еɫеĥ͸
˵յҼ˵
ԣ֪μҵĴ㣬û֤ҲûʵĽֹʱ䲻࣬ɲȥڣһ뷨ֹһеķŮһ˫Ŀż
˿Ŀⶼ۰Ͱ͵ĿţһȺϼһﶼ̲ס͵͵һۣŮʵڸ˵ĸоԸ欣Ըе޿ƥС
һЩȽϲɣȴʼû˵΢յ˫۶ûһ㣬ôĬĬľš
һζҪ͵ϯλϣʹҲҪʮ֮ࡣҼᶨ˵
ģܵϯ޷ǾǼˣимĿûʲô𣬵Ȼһų⣬ԸֻҪ˲ѡŮ赭д˵
Ƴʲô˵һ£ﶼԼˡ
Ҽһ仰ô˶ǸоȺġ
Ů˿ΧչһЦʱһƬʿˮŮ˾ռһ˵˵ϯӱҪµǸСӣǿԴ£罻ǸСֻ߷ˮ

ˮʱڲһЩѧϵ⣬һЩ½е£ԼһЩ̾ᡣ
ˮæʲô̫ɽܣȻթһЩҪĶסһҪʨӴ󿪿ڡ
΢Цſˮ˫˫г˿͸һеǺ͹ϡ
ˮеͷԣĵͷ
󣬻ˮͲ׺˵ҪȥߣοЦȥ
ˮȥɽɣ徲
źˮ˵
һ˵ɽ˵ɽ徻ˮ̲סϴαԼŵһйעӣࡰҰԧ족Լȥʲô
Ȼ֪Բ飬ˮ̲סһŮһĽȥ
Ů̲סˮһۣرǻ˵ûĻ


311 ϱҲҪţ
ˮһѪϳ壬ÿζһ仰ˮ޲ðǹ͵뵽ڶûгɹѾòΣѡ񳡺ϣˮʱΣȥȴòƤȥ·һˮԼΣΪ׺ڳˮ֪ôŮ˵ĸܣˮ֪ԼǲǰѾƲǣһ㣬ȴвͬ
ˮԼģŮͬǿҵĿܻΪǿǣˮ檣ȴ˵ڡ
̾ݺݵһĽЦһźɽȥ⽫˵Ӱĺܳһصһύ
񶬼ɽֲѾǹͺͺģЩͺͺĲԾ֦˸оһִ̾صĺ嫰硣
ˮŮɽϣŽ·紵ĿҶˮоһԸоԼҲƽࡣ
׺ºͻҲˣ˺Ĭ˭Ҳû˵·˶۵Ŀˮһôõ顣
ˮĸƴǲҪµμӡ
׺´ƳĬʵ
ˮôʣϾѾյϯӴܣ㶥湫｣μϯ֮սҲù｣趪
ȥɵ
ҲɣĪ˼Ҳμӡ
ˮǺЦźŮںɽĹɽ
ߵˮ̾칬ɽ׳Ҳ̾棬⺣μ׵ĸɽӲʯͨɽ̾ͶôƴɽӲǿ
ڴ㵽һı֣һ˴һɣ
׺΢Цţֻ˫һ˿ǡ
ʵǺμЩҵĿ겢ǴЩϯӣҲҪʲôϯӣֻܼ򵥵
ˮ̾˵
һ̵ˮʼ˵ĻǲɣͬʱҲһ˵ˮʱ仯еġ
ⲻˮ޲ǰһ޴־լУϣиԼϲŮˣһ򵥵ļңиĸһ˫ŮеСǮĵһעһж
ϱĶ̫࣬ʹҲ֣ˮžͷϵɽƵֻԼ򵥵
ƵԺˮҲ֪򵥵Ҳ뿪Լˣ
׺ºͻˮɫ֪Ҳ֪˵ʲôοһ·Ĭ
ˮӦҪ칬꣬ڻûһأ㲻ڡ
׺˵ʲô
̫꣬ңԶˣ£ҴӦ꣬ҪؼңҪؼ׼¡
ˮͬĿŲ׺¡
ˮҺһȥɣˡ
˵
һò׺µȻһӵˮס֣һůͬʱҲڸԼںԼ
ðɣ칬ǺһȥһƫƧʺɢġ
ˮ΢Ц˵
һˮĻҲ֪Լղ˵ˣæ˵ǰһȥʱȥˮҿòá
ֱܴӰһ״̬ò׺¸оţˮĹϵǡ׺µɫең̧ͷˮ𣿡
ܵȴˮĵЦˣϱҪйţο²ǳϱȻȥˡ
ˮ˵ʲô
׺ˮؿڴһȭ
ˮѵ¶СŮĽߣϰĴվˮڵСģŪġ
Ǿ˵ˣǾͶ
һЩ޹ؽҪ飬ҲߵĶһЩԵɽϵҰԧ٣Ҳڽǡ
ⲻǰһǾŮڷĿŶԷ촽˫ҲڶԷϸȻ·ңû¶㡣
һ˵ǣˮ²ĿţŮȴǵͷˮߣŮֿˮ˺
ˮЦЦˮã
ţãǼ
ˮǺǵЦû뵽Է󷽷ĺԼк
һΣٴξԧ죬ͬǺƵĺˮк˺ˮüŪ˵ʲôҪѵطˮóˮŮֻߣˮ²⣬´ɽˡ
ɽòã´ҪҪҲǡ
ˮϷʵЦ
ֻҪ½ӦҾʹӦ
ˮգգ˫ԸеЦ
ƵĻصĵסʱѾȥˣһˮ˵Ҳܳʵϵġ
ڴʱ洫Ųź𣺡ˮСֵڴ˰ɣ
޼ǺЦˮǳȥʲô⳥
ˮЦŵͷ˲ļ˶˳ȥ
ǸڵĺӺŽе꣬ÿжǲ󣬳״еһλĽҪһ㡣
ѳϣˮСֵܣһ⣬лˮСֵ顣
΢Ц˵Ȼڰ֡
ļ˱Žߵˮǰ
޼ǺЦЦͲˣˮû뵽μһˮҲףô˵Ҳʼĸ֣ʧ
ˮСֵܿǲۡ
΢Ц˵
ˮɻĿŷ޼޼΢Цĵͷ
ˮźЦŵͷȻߵһǣֻ򿪣ӳһǧӣӣ
ǧҩݣ˵ӣֻһҩݣһǧҩȸһ㡣
ԼɾҲнӣӣϧҩ仹̣ĿǰǧӣӻǲģԼõϡ
ߵڶУˮִ򿪣ӳһѪһʯͷ
解
ˮɫѴСɢϢȷӦģˮ벻֪ΪԼӶ
ڱʯˮĺϽУоӦòͬĺڱʯӦѷһ½עٶȺ˵ٶҪɹһ㡣
ֻˮǲǿֱǶűǶҪ䡰סҪ󷨡ɡˮ򱱶ǽϿ׹ƶѣ촸һѡ񣬱ϾǿΪ
ˮϸӣμ˵治ʲôԼѾˣӣӦò̫ӦһóֵģˮѾ˵С
ͣ
ˮڽ۵ĺɫͣˮоһصкܾ棬ΪԼеһģһ
ͣ
ˮֻһκܼһ֮ͣĳģ˵ó͵ԵһЩĶ
ˮ벻Ϊʲôμһⶫ͸Լѵǲ֪͵󣬻ûջ
ˮûڴ½˵ҲǺöֻһϡĽͿرѵΪ͸Լ


312 ޿Ƭ¶
֮ٻԼƷ
ˮɫ뵽ˮ²Ӧμҿû͵㡣
ˮ뵽ǲǿԵ顢觡ʯͷԼһЩˮЩҩֵǧҩݶҪߡ
ˮߵĸд򿪣ӳһſƬһɫ羧һĿƬˮȴˣΪˮϤĿƬ

ôб⡮ѵã
ˮʲôҲûнܣ滭һֻϻ
ˮǵúϻǿٶȣ
ˮ֪ǲܵģô⡰ôãˮ˲оһͱʯԵĲͬ
ˮĺϽУˮɫʼն΢Цʵĵģֻûбֳѡ
򿪵кˮ¶ЦݣҲ֪˵μһԼһĴ񣬶ں΢ЦĿԼ
ΪоȻһȭͷСĽʯ
ʯ
ˮ֪ʯͷ൱ʯͷǾݴ½ӲĿʯ֮һֻǲ֪ʯݣƾʯ־Ѿ쳣ˡ
Ҫģֻģˮ˵ǲ֪ĵĶˮ˵ʯ˿ѷɫҪء
ˮĺϣ΢Цĺ
ˮСֵܣǷ⡣
Цš
⣬⣬Һúллμҡ
ˮЦϣҶϷ
ȻˣǾͲˣ
ļź뿪ˮ鲻֪ʲôζμҾԲԼ壬ԽǿļԽ涪ʧ칬ʱԼ޷˳ˮ飬ҲԳμҴȣ
ˮ𱻺ǺԻˣĺ侲
޼Ц˵һͽȥˡ
ˮЦЦ֪޼Լˮ͵ĽкͿƬĽУŮˮõ
ôˮ
ĿˮŮŽн
ǺǣУֻǲ֪ſƬʲôã
ˮ΢ЦŰװϻƬĽд򿪡
Ǻǣ⿨Ƭֽ޿ƬϧֻͨĶѣе㼦ˡ
΢ЦĿϻƬ˵
ү֪޿Ƭ
ˮϲ˵ǾϲεС
Ŀˮһ˵޿Ƭڴ½˵ϡҲޱȣϻƬе㼦ˣϻƬʹúʱ΢һ㹥һЩƷãֻǸþǼٶȣ޿Ƭʧ
ˮ룬ǿЧѵݴ½ġֻԣˮʱе㼤ˮ֪ǿ
үӣ֪Щ޿Ƭôġ
ˮһҪ뷨֪޿ƬϾⶫҲһЩ̬սеĸеĸݣɱСУˮһ뵽еѪڣ˵ֻͻƵУҺ񻹲ܳ־á
޿Ƭ޿Ƭ޵ľֻеһ㣬⿨Ƭһͨ޵
ĺЦĿˮ˵֪ˮʲôǸˮ˵
޶Ҫʲô½ֿƬ˶𣿡
Ƭѵõһвϣ֦˵ǰǧϵֽн¶Ȼ¯Լ޵ʬ壬ȥóʮʱаٷ֮ʮõ޿Ƭ
ˮĵĻоݴ½ණԼ֪ģȻǰϷеĶֻǾݴ½ľţһëˮ֪ҲԼһЩ顣
¶ˣˮİȻûʵмÿο¶ͼǰžϲΪ¶һڡ
¶֦ˮҲǳ֪ԭģ޵ʬõһԶݵԼ
үӣ޿Ƭôʹã
ˮ뷢Լ򵥵⻹
סƬ֮߻ɡ
Ĳ䷳ĺˮ˵
ллүӣСӽǳȻôĶ
ˮĵ˵
Ǻǣÿʲôþң¯ֶϲʤиڣ˵¯ǴڴġڶʤΪ֣޵֮ڶ࣬컨Ҳ࣬ҲǴڶʤݵһЩɽϳ֣ķ˵ֻСǿʢ涫ҲǴӶʤ˹ȥġ
ʤݣڣ
ˮ׽һЩõϢ㽫Ը˾ͿȥЩԼĵطˡ
үӣ޿Ƭϳֶ𣿡
ˮоμҼȻԼ޿Ƭ˵޿ƬǶô
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ϴһ극ˮΪϡϡϡⶫۻ˲٣ⶫõĺʡرǶһˣˮµ㹻ʮˡ
ˮżȥϲǺ解ˮֱ͸ˣɿ׺ߣĶȴûʺġ
£Ҹһ⼸㻹ûʲôá
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֪ˮѾƳˣ
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Ѽз£ɾԼۻһЩҩѾܲˣرǷ޼һθԼô࣬µĵ̿Ǻܷḻġ
ߵǶѽдеǧӣӽз£ѽʯʣµǼ
Ȼˮٰ޿Ƭŵһĵطǳ˳óˮŷ۵ĳչоףϸֻСĴָ۵ļںоȻС
أаٽ΢ĻΣԾˣܼӲʯѷɫ׶϶Ϳ
չˮ־Ȼһ޵ζ
ˮˮرȥֱӰʮϳĲ˿߷Žˮˮˮеĳ㹳
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˿ˮľǣͺĶһĺڹûзӳ㹳ϵһһЩͨࡢ࡭Ϲˡ


313 çţװλ
ˮŻƽҩȻܲˮڻƽҩġͷϵӽˮء
СһѧˣԶ뿪·ʲôһ㡣
ˮ׼ߵʱȴֻһ򰲾ǧϰ˹
ѵǧϰҲϹ
ǧϰûлƽҩô飬ԥһֱȻ㹳㹳ܵһ㣬һڵסˮģǧϰôô뻹С顣
ɾˮΪǧϰᱻסʱԷȴǾȻˣˮȴǶ㹳˫ۡ
ڳ㹳ϡճšһѼѴСĽɫӣȻɢĽɫâر档
ǧƽ飡
ˮİǰиֽ飬ϧ˹ݲ㣬ǰǴȻģҪľȻǧݵĻƽ顣
úܹ㷺ڷãõľգڷջβǿ١
ԼǧƽӦñǰκ鶼ҪһǧݾѾڶλãοġƽ顱ֶһζǧҩ
ˮĵЦţͬʱҲ֪Լ͵Ժ̡Цˡ
ˮˮеǧϰʧȥеήҲɵӣʧȥĶһ
ˮֱӰѰ鶪ǧϰٴκסܿˣˮҲãõʱóһЩۣƽʱǧϰ
ѶźãˮʼϹǿ뵽ʮ죬ѾĽ׶ˣֻҪۻԲԺ󣬾ͿΪ׼ˡ
һϹǿоһĽ΢ǿԵĸоˮһǧʱںþûж¼׺ˡ
˵ÿ춼ڼϰ״ˮоҪʵʲģԼеƾɵսףϴαϹӴһƣһ顣
޸ˮ뵽޸ϧ֪ô޸ˮֱǧһԡ
һβͬõ촸Ǽﵽ¯çţçţˮоԺĶһһ̨ס

״̬úˮʼ촸սףϹçţںһÿϰǧûΪʱûʵԸоÿһûˮ⡣
һˮԵĸоһĸоʱ䳤ûжڷоףʦĸо·ԼڶŶ裬
ÿһ·ÿһûȣÿһûλáˮоӦˣһܰյöȣһָоһš
ˮԼϲָоԼ죬ǿĶδ֪ΣһֳԵĳ̶ȡ
ħɹ
ֻҪһ´ﵽ߻ħħһ㣬ǻѾɹˣˮ촸Ӵ£ڸһҰϢ

һӲӵĹâնʱĹâҪҫۣˮԱǰҪܶսס
ս׷Ϊ֫ˮսϰĲλ
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һɣֻޱĲλһ٣ݼʮʮçţЧһɣҪԵ¼סЧ
װ
ˮսףɻšԭǷһɣֻޱĲλʮݼʮʮ
ԳǰķľȻһ
Ͻսԣ
һɣֻޱĲλһ٣ݼʮʮçţЧһɣҪԵ¼סЧ
Ȼװˮе㲻һçţЧÿһɵçţҪɣ
ϧֻˮѥӶһ飬֪çţ٣ÿٷ֮ʮǾţˣçţɵĹЧɵİٷ֮ʮǲཫһɡ
һɵҲСˣ
ˮ΢Цš
һˮ֪Ӯ˶ٴӣˮ϶ûͻǧӦһͻơ
ٴһϹǿǽǧϰһó˫ѥӣϧʹ촸Ӷʹá
ˮִӨƺÿȴʧʱҪָһˮȻŽȥ
εĴļţ
飡
ܿѾһǧˮ֣û˿͵ļĴѾʮˡ
ղŵս촸²֪ٱ飬촸ͷ󣬵˵崸ʹһ飬˿ղ촸һֱһطܾһ㡣
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ˮкܿģû뵽ڶѾ㴸һǧٴ˻ûгɹν󣬿ͻƵǧʱѾԽԽˡ
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ֻװǾݴ½ϵģˮʶĲһˮоԺԻԼϤװ
ˮĿսѥԣ
ٶһɣһ٣ݼʮʮçţЧһɣҪԵ¼סЧ
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ԼֻҪÿζʱçţĶḽЧֻˮƵǣԼçţ족װʾľȻçţ̫ˡ
ȴԣ
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ֻж˲֪һȭֱ΢ĲԼϢһֻͻɽһֻ˯Ϣľ޻
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ĲˮԼһոȶ뵽һ仰Ҫ߱ԵĲͬ¼סЧ
Ȼô˵ļҲԣǲǿɡҪçţǲǻͻƣԼĶ֮çţõͻƣٶ¼סǲӵĳӡ
ɾˮֱڴ˯£
Ժˮһֵĵطɽˮ羰ߵԶʻζ
ʻˮŲԶһкĴ󽭱һƬ̺ʻʢţ಻ʤСһɫǲͬࡢȡơ̡塢ϡࡢסڡһˮԼɫʶô٣ɫв֣õɫˮоɾ
ɫ䣬ˮһοڻԵù졢а
ͻȻˮͫΪˮڻԶվһӰһϮѩ׵ɳϣȵǸŮˣӦǸµŮˡˮ֪ôݣΪЩ˴Լٲҡ˿һӰ
ˮܿƵǵıӰȥһƬУˮһ̸оôƮ졣
ߵԽˮоԽ𺳣Ů˵˾Ȼôɢֲʳ̻Ϣ
ͻȻŮתˮ״סˣ
ӳˮϤģ
ˮõŮͼеŮȴվˮǰȻձһɴסֻܿ¶һ˫ˮֱʧ


314 Ů
ȴ峺ޱȣֹ컹㣬ųȴֲʧ嫣ϧĮһе䡣
ˮϾѣˮûпһҶǳף׺Ǵǣʦװ䣬ǰŮȴǵۺһ㣬˫۾Ľ⼸ںϣֻƾһ˫۾Ȼ
ĺƮ죬׺ºһҶ˻ҪƮһ㣬Ů˻ôֱӵͷ뿪
ΪôǰоеԱһѹ̫󣬸˼룬Ů֮ġ
ˮоһʧˣһοŮ˵ͼһˣˮžߵŮˣʹڻ֮Ȼһ˿Ķζˮ֪ζֻһˡ
ŮǿŮĿˮûһ˿ˮһ̸о֣۾˫뿪絶ļѩɳϣһĨ̵ͦĻȺͼͦþޡ
Ů񣿡
ˮ̧ͷ˵
Ůû˿˫ˮļˮ˫ͫûһ˿
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ŮȻûзӳ
ˮͻȻסͦδһָղסأɳˮֻо£ϸĴ֬һգԾˣʴǵζױȡ
ˮסһ˲оŮ˵Ľ΢һһֱһˮһƺ嫸кĽһ㣬ѹ˹ž졣
ˮɫˣˮôҲû뵽һƾȻ˵ʱˮֶȻоԼһ԰Լ
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ˮŵŸղŷһУǵξϴκ庮ҹġξ˫ޡоһģһ
ΪʲôῴŮͼϵŮӣ
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Ůͼ
ˮ뵽ɾҵŮͼѵΪǸŮͼԼþΪʲôоʵ
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ߴƫƧһɽ嶥ϣֻм򵥵ļ̨ͤ¥ռشŲԲס
ϱһΧסͨͬǻʧŵȣ⹤̹һšƬ¥мһ˫¥һУǺСʲôҲûУֻһŴ齣ˮһᾪȵķŴǴ˵еʣ
ݴ½ġ̴ľƳɵĴʶˬȴƣͣɣʱһŮڴϣ°Ĳλһס
ѩ׵˯£õĸоҲһڷ䣬ŮĿںıϣͦμͦƱ仯س֣һ㱡˯һ֣еá
ˮһᾪгΪŮӺŮͼϵŮӼһˣҲˮǡΡǸһŮӡ
ʱȴǿݵһ㵭ķۺ죬ü䵭Ӻȴе㲻
ΪʲôΣǸ˭ΪʲôǸξΪʲôԼоκ֣е̫ʵ
Ůӵ͵͵Ʈա
ŮƮĵҲƮĽأûκ̤һȻ칬֪ƮŮˣɼǼһΣһ칬ٿĴᣬȫμӡ
һΣʱ伴ʹһεĸƴƮμӣ뿪Ʈ
ƮĵҲǺټһĵʲô鶼ǳϸֻм׺ºͻһΡ
ȫò˼ûУǿǺһ˫𺳵վ޿ƥеλá
ˮξһУһθоӦúŮͼйϵÿһŮͼ˵һ޴ıأⱦʵʲôǷ֮壬ѵֻΪ˫޹Ķ¯ǲǻб湦Ч
Ϊʲôһ仰Ҳ˵ҲԼҪץذǸо뵽Ůӳֵʱƣˮ֪Ůʲôʵ϶Լߺܶ࣬ϹӻҪһЩ
һ˲ˮΪԼҪˣǸо̫ˣҪȥһоˮ붼е㺦¡
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콣ڵһɽһǵСѾͷһͬǵŮ˵
ŮӺСѾͷһҶ
һʱ䣬ﳤ˲٣ҲֻǸСӣһҶ軹ûκα仯ʱˮһӣֻŮһԹһСˣѾ֪Ƕٴˡ
ʱһҲһֿģرǺһһȣ
ôأͿˣҪ˭Ҳ᲻ҪŮġ
һҶ΢Ц˵ʵоǲ̫ƽˡ
ԼûʲôϾԼֶŮԼ׸ŮԼŮûʲô𣬵ˮԼＸûʲôϵʦͽҲֻǵʱһֶΣһ˵׵ġ
ߵʱѾ¶˵츳ֵһʲôĸ߶أ
һҶ豧̤һⶥӰ绪
쿪ʼǿʼϰΣԲʱͻˡ
һҶĶͷ˵
ףβƭңϴƭҰѴˡ
ֱͦСӿɰ˵
飬ƭ㣡
壡
꽣ڵԱǰҪһ㣬ȴغβλãÿҹ˾뵽һӡ
һշתӣһ͵𽵹ӣ뵽ЩֵĻƣ˻Ͻ
ˮʲôʱأ
˼еŮرŮζοСŮˣһ̵޿ϧˣ
ֻ廹һͬҲᾭˮˮһ콣ڵŮӣ
˫


315 ɾչ
Լ֪Լǵڶٴη뵽Լʶֻһˣ뿪ŷ־Ȼ˼һˣָо֡
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ô˵ҲǾݹеһΣǼٵһŷḻɱеһΣͻɽͻɽ֡˺ˡơβš֡׺ݵʽƵУ
ʦҡݼҺߵĺܽȫλĺͬӯرݼҺʦҶǰǴ壬ķչѾ˲ٵ;飬رڰǺΧǸٹ̣ʵĵͷߣ֮ûչΪûǿܣЩǺܳԿġ
˾ͽң
ףҶѾڿǱߵõϿɣűϲ˵ǰոͻ죬ҩ£˵ıһϿΪŵӣҲ̤˧ڿ̿ʳ
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ãã˾ͽҲˣû뵽ܱҩΪŵӣˮ˾ͽҲΪһçͿԷҲǺģʿѸٳɳʧ֪Ǹ
˾ͽҧгݵ˵кޣҲлϲ
Դϴˮִ˾ͽҵλߵʱ˾ͽһ˲·е궼ˣΪǺˮ˾ͽҸϾɱ֪ˮԼҲûҪնɱʱǵ͵쳣ĵ͵
ϣˣҶȻ̶̵ʱȻͻƵ죬ǰѾ˧ʮʳʲô䣬˾ͽǸҩΪŵӣΪҪʮǱ컹չ˾ͽҵġ
˾ͽ켤š
ŵһ㶼ʦյСһӣǴ²ĵӣ֮ڣһ˵ľ顢ϵ似ľ綼ѾﵽһһƵĵزʱѰҹŵһһ츳˻ٺԼԵˡ
ŵӻһôʦʦܶ࣬Ҷͺܴˣʦʦ㶼ǺرչСʦܣΪ֪СʦԺĳɾ;ҪǣиҪؾǵһ̶ҪСʦܽչˡ
ѱҵһ˴ƣǺݼҡʦ֣ĴʵѾѱʡ
ˮ˿̻ǸеһЩ벻ĶоģϾǴϴκô庮ҹһܽ֡ΡҪܶ࣬ϣǺƮģһˮǻɡ
뵽УǻУǸŮһʱһˮĸܵΪ˵ˮһ˲ˣſˣǸоͻĳֱϡ
ˮǵõһǰʱӳ˿հ׻ǿհףֻоһߵ˲֪һ˲ӻ붫˺ٺ١
һˮǿˣݴ½ණˣʹھʱȻоֻޱȡ
Ȼһ˲ʲôͻʲôˮҲûץʱѾնˮµ㳡ȥ
ˮôʱһûȴ̫ȭӭչˮϹǿˮĵˮʮԲ۷ֻһ֮ң
ѵһ˲ľϹǿľһ˲ĽޣȻˮ½似һһʩչֻٶе㾫رǾǴĽϴοԸܵڻʵӰˮ۾ֿԽᵽʮס
ˮر𼤶Ҫ֪˵ЩֹЧͨʶԸܵԲʮ֮ڵϢһлӡǵ񡱿Ըܵκ޵ɢľǿӦԽǿġ񡱾ͻԽǿ󣬱𾳽ġһõС̫һԵƽޱȶө֮⣬ϤǸ˵ϣȻԸܵһˡ
ԸָӦΧǷиֺף
ЩֻǴżأˮ֪ԼڵʶӦЩ룬Ϊ˼ʹֻͨʶеĹĴСж϶ԷʵˮȴǿʵĸܵδСˮоԼܾ̫Ͳʶжϡ
ˮȥɾԵ㶫ߵ˴ʱˮֱӽɾ
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ҲչҩãҲգֻЧҪһ㡣
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316 ḻĽֽǻβ
ǧŰһ꣬ÿΧ׵һӿٷ֮ʮٶȣֻˮУ
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ˮϲĲ֪˵ʲôоһ꣬ɾ깻̬ˣһ꣬ɾһʮꡭԼɾʱԭʱڵʱÿɾʱһ»Ҫ༸졭ˮڶЦһ൱һ£ҪԼʱ䣬ֻҪÿϽȥǰɾϢüɡ
ЩڿԹ򽻻񵤣Լɾǲģ
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ˮںˣʮһÿһţûɾԵٿΣ½ϲʱĻ֣ϧÿһŶǹޱȣмУǻֵͬƷ
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˼ǰͬײԾ״ֲֻ׳ȴӵգҪϻֲ߱ϣ˸оһСǿ
ˮѪҴСһ㣬еӣңľӨ͸ɢŨζˮоӺ飬һֵϢ
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˵ɾĶӦòܲˮڲ֪ЩϺзһЩƤڹ꣬ԼһЩһɫϰʲôá
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ǽǻβ㣬ǿÿÿӰٽаٷ֮һϣµʵֱӽһǻβ㡣
ˮֻСһ·ڹ궼׷ӿ
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ˮɻԼĺڹ궼ǻöȴǴʱ׷һӿ
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һεʱӳʱʱӵʱˮҲðѽɾʱʱԺ賿ʱҪһʱ
ɾʱǰˮɾһʱʱ䣬ȥɽʯٽȥһʱѽʱʱ꣬Ȼʱٽɾ
ԺʱǰɾһʱʱԺһʱ
ҲˮΪĳЩʱˮԶɾģһһʼͰɾʱ꣬һ鷳ź
յõμĶɾĽˮһӸоеƮƮȻе˵е̵ĸо
ʱӳԵʣһӱǰһʱ䣬ˮŷֳΣÿɾʮ죬Ҳʵһʱʱ䡣
һˮ׼յ϶ȫˣ
յҩչ֮֮֮֮Ůӡǧƾ㡢ǧڼѪǧڹѪǧ֥ǧ˲Ρǧڣ
յЧפʮ꣬Ӷеʵ


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ǧڼѪҩˮȫˮǧϰѪҺ棬ټǧƽۣӦóЧͲΪûǧڼѪҩЧˡ
ˮҩ϶Լģ
յҩݡϱˮеСǼ̴󻹵ҩڶƷҩˮȴǵһƷҩ
һϹǿ״̬ںúˮó¯ϴõҩݰεķŽȥ
ɸ䡢˳򡢲ΡЭˮĬĬĽһãſʼԼĻ֮
ҲǾĴ󣬻֮Աǰǿ˺ܶ࣬ڵĻɫԵøӻǡ
ˮ۾¯龰ˮʶУŻĻҩ֮ںϡʱ䲻ϵı仯
ˮȫĶͶȥһɵĽţˮоƵҩҩ飬ƴеõҩ׺ܶࡣ
ڵյˮȻǵһƣƹܶһѵƽʱҩԭ򡭡¯ࡱһɵҩζʱˮĻ𷴶øӡ׳ˡ
ֻһ˲ֻдһֱһӵʱ䣬濪ʼӴ󣬶¯﷢Ҳˡ
ʱ仺ȥڲʧһ㣬ˮĻСûб仯еĻȴڲϵı仯
Ƶҩò֮ͬҩĻںϡõ߼ҩݣȻټں۵ҩЧﵽһ߶ȣﵽһ޾ͻᷢʱ䣬ᵤˮᵤϸ˵Ц⣬һ΢ġᵤˮоŮ˻ʱһ㡣
ˮĻ濴ûб仯ȴǰѻҲе𳷳ֻʣյ
ȥ˰ʱˮĻƿԺֻ̣Ǳ̹ǣ¿ԶһУͬԽﻯΪҽ
ˮʱ¯Ѿ̹ˣˮûȲȥ򿪽¯ǿʼԼϹǿ
һյȥһһҹʱ䣬ʱˮоԽܣϾҲƷõһˡ
ˮ֪ĳҩʦƷҩҪһµʱ䣬ҳɹֻɣ֪ˮô롣
ķˮоθպͻɾõĻһֲġ
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ˮʱ¯ѾָµĽ¯ǾϲĴ򿪽¯¯ǡ
ʱһ˵㴫ֱ˵ζ㣬Ũ̱ǵζ
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ˮÿ굤ҩ̾ҩ棬Խҩ֮ĴںϷӵ£Ũ
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յÿֻԳһפʮ꣬ȫʵĶɹЧˮһܷСƿװá
ˮû뵽յȥ˰̣ˮŲĵĻԲֻˮ֪ⵤҩʲôʱñȽϺáϾǰճʵġ
ʳͬһֵҩԵһηʳʱʵΪ׼ӳСȫʵһɣԷʳţһ弶ãڶʳôڶӵһʵǰ弶ʵһɣǵʼȻᰴ弶ʵһʵ
ҩĻһΣˮɾϢһٴο¯һȻɹõյɹˮǳ⣬˲ңһҵϳɹʻϰٷְ١
ʣµʱˮͶ뵽Уһɾˮоʱֶˣһ΢Ϣʱˮͻᵽ
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Ĳɾһ֮࣬ɾˮرˮرҲչˮرϵļֲʯڷˮظԶˡ
ˮˮľŰشƯɢϢ˰꣬ĸо
ˮе൹ûʲôֻǻβȻǺаԵˮ˼ĿСҫӡ
ˮ֪ﺦˮصһƽҩ꣬ǧĻƽҩһӲĽʯ
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ýĹһתȻŽǻβӭȥ
ˮ۾һգգĿˮеΣвûеģΪˮֽǻβġǡӲȺͻƽҩġƽǡӲȻͬ

ˮо˼ˮпڹٶȿô죬ôǰȻҲ֪ƽҩ겻һβ֪ǰǻƽҩıɽһǡ
ײˮǻβ㱻ײ󷭹ƺе㷢ˣƽҩƲ˰ͷŽǻββҧȥ
ˮе㵣ģһԽǻβ㣬ɲǸƽҩˡˮоǲҪ־½ǻβʱһֻǻβѸڵһֻǻβ潫
һûƽҩֹͣҪȥҧֻǻβĶϾڹԴ֫Ǵĵط
ˮЦˣС̫ˣȻϣǿԺ֮ĵʧԼǱΣյİա
ֻСûȥǹǧϰˮ֪ΪʲôΪͷԵʰɣЩϺзƤڹͺɫڹ˿ѷɫ
֮ĻǶѾţˮ֪ˣɾЩֲʱٴηı䣬ˮͿģƬǧҩѾԼԽԽˡ
ˮϵķɫ䣬ڰСûʲô仯ʢţˮǲһֹ֮Ҳ죬⿴ƽ̫꣬ǧĻƽ֥ˮоÿƳĵҩЧԤڵҪ࣬Ӧú֥ŷֲĹϵ
ʣ°˿ţˮԼȳţҧµһڸоޱȣ࣬һҧ¾ͻоִһ㡣


318 ϡƳ
ܿž¶ǣֻһʱ͸ܵһѸȫԣһˮֱˡ
ˮѡִޱȣҲرˬξúܺãһȻǰʵͬܺãȴûֲ
ξʶ˺ܴı仯ֻܼоĳһʮ׵ľȴǿԸ˷Բʮ׵ľ롣
һˮޱȣʵķԾСΧԲʮ׵ľ룬ֻҪʶΧԲĶһĽ
ָͬʱӦΧһУһվڷԺһ㣬һо۵ףһվԺֻתӲ𽥿ȫ
ʶҰʱ䣬һͻƲûͻԶΪߡ
ˮʱԺ䵽ݶĽԲŻоرģֻҪܽԲʮһԵĸ߶ȣˮͿͨʶΧܶ飬׷һˡʱܿͰ¹ȥˣˮɾ컹ûе磬ǰɽȥЩʯȥϾˮеõ˾޴ĺô
ˮڸȥ۲Χ˶٣ֱߵçţʯٴοһ飬һʯ
ǿǾµˮôߴͰɣ
һˮЩûȥʲô˵ֻˮѾǵһˡ
յһβͣ޲ĦȭҪˮԡһ΢ЦĽסղӵĻ˵
˵յһϯӵľֻһ㣬˭ȴˮ
Զȱˡ
ˮ˵ˮ𣬸˶ˮʵڲ²ȵ
ˮʱȴѾʯ̾Ȼһֲһˮʶģ

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ˮЩҩݡľӼԺȻܿ綼ȥˣͻȻϵԼ򣬱Ͼкܶˣû뵽Լ
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Ц˵һָֻԶ
ˮ֪ôԶԼռ˵ġ
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ֲֻʼįһֻĽεβ澪˵ĵԺͻһֻһֻأĸоһˮе޷Կء
Ҳû뵽ˮô󵨣һӺüеط⵽Ϯ鲻֪ˮ΢ĴϢ
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ˮҲʵֻǴŻŻ˳Ҫݺռռˣ뵽ÿζǱûһ뵽ˮֻȵĹɹ֮С
ˮһβҪȥ㷿òá
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ˮЦ˵ָͷ˼²˳Ͼ׺»ڵԼ
ˮ弸ˣˮЦŷˮղʵ̫ɫ˵㣬ԼԿʲôʱôˣŴ˿ԹԼĻεӡ
һɵζӣ㣬ȴ˺ŵĳ嶯رĸоָоֻϲϲſҵ
һ˫۲֪ˮӵʳָոտʲôطš
˺öİ
˵ˮǰȥõıӰر϶Ĳģ΢ҡڵβ
ˮٴβߵʱѾָ糣
ˮס֣ȴǿˮЦЦЦˮеͷԡ
أ㲻˵ڵ𣿡
ˮ˶Ҫ߳ɽҲûп׺¡
ŶܵȲԼȥ˰ɣ
ˮ
ˮƣղҪǻ˵׺µǣҪ֪˵׼ʱںͻ𽵹ء
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Ц˵
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ˮֻڵΪһ׶ΣٵȵȣһãָܻӸǿʵ
ԼסȥڵˮߵﶼܵĽĿ⣬ȻҲмʻһЩŮӵİĽĿ⡣
³׳ˮҡҡͷЦˮܲϲָо첽߿
ˮԼ¥ֻһ󲻰ʶ˲ſˮЦΪˮվԼķſڣˮܵ˷һˡ


319 ˮƳϵĽ
һŮˣһͨʶŮˣԼˮ֪ԷѾԼ
ҪˮܵԷʵȻϣһǲŮˣʵҪȲ׺
ΪʲôĪǻһСŮ𣿡
ˮڸܶԷʱһͳԵĳŮһֲɣȴޱȣ
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ˮֹţƿ˽ȥһۿվŮӣŮ˿ͣһſƾɫ˫ɢǵĹâ޳飬ؽ·߸߳˵Ĳš
֫βν칤βеԲ޳˫ȱֱȳƣһŵĸо
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ˮĸоˮŮһȽԣ֣Լȱĸĸκ˶࣬ΪʲôǰϲŮݴ½ȻˣϲŮټˡ˭
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ŮӿˮԵ¶ȤɣĿһգգĿˮôҲû뵽ӾȻ˵ϢоЩеǳûһںָо֡
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ʵ뵽һЩҩʲôģˮǼᶨر˵ҪԼʱ֪˽֡
Լ޸޼ɣԼѷҸĶ鳥ԲԾܾ޼ɵҪԼ˸ǰʼоͦˣȻڿ
ˮֻôΪһҲ֪ΪʲôŮĿˮߣٳ֡
ǰԱǰЩǮŮˣԼŮˣرЩƷŮӡ
ŮӵˮԱ淴ǰûа취ڣŮԼҲпԲŻӦԼһвҪˡ
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ҴӦ㣬ҿ°ɣ
ˮվڴ齱ſ˫˵ˮҲ֪ʱ˵ֱ


320 Һ㣡۷
ŮȻĿʱһƬĮȻĿˮһۻ߹ȥ
һɵ㴫ˮıӣŮӸֻϰԴķúˮ߶һ㣬޳ĲϹ󸾵ķԸиţ
ŮûпˮĿ⣬ѩ׵ֲΡΡȥˮ½󣬱׾Ĳˮоĸо
ˮǵһִһǸɫŮŮһŮŮǰɽΡΡĴš
ˮŮӽ⿪½ʱסһֻյıָݽȥо޷
Ů͵һˮ½˫һͣ˶΢΢һ£ֹסӰ
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ˮղűĻڸͣ޼ɵţָס˵͹㡣
Ůӵٴβ£ˮѾȥ¿㱻һŵ񣬴ŮӵС

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ǰһԱ̵ͦѩΡΡŮӻҵţȴôҲڲסֵ۵
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ˮŮ޶ԵβסǿһĿ⣬ˮֱӽһ˿ҡ
Ů˴·ÿʣȥ·ժξͻúһ㣬ܶ༡ôϵױȥһͨͨŮˣ硣
ǰŮӲͬؼʩ죬ѩ֬ůˮŮϻһ͵رǱѩϸ֫βĻߣɶ칤ѩ׷βͦԵ޳ȸ޳ֱ
һ뵽ŮӸղŵˮȥŮ˵ԼĴϣĴһŮݽС
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ΪŮǷһ޹ؽҪŮӣǳ룬ˮرĶŮ˺󲻽ⳢζΪԷԼмǿԼˮʱֻŰ²˴ԺԼĸо׿ġ
ˮüͷһǰһ
ˮûʲôһûʲôý͵ģͻ粻ͣ˾ˣȻһס
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Ůһ˲ıסˮĲӣˮһ̽˫޹𣬶ʱһޱȾ壬һѭֻصŮ壡
ڻصŮƬ̣ŮϵϢȻǣһĻָˮ֪Ůͻˡ
Ů̧ͷ˼ĿˮȻ弶۷ͻƵʮıϾȻͻˡ
ˮͬޱȣΪһ˲ϹǿѾﵽ۷壬оҪʮۻɾҲҪĸµʱ䣬⻹ɾЧ
ˮû㣬Ƭ̽Ůӵһ̧Լסţˮб塣
ʼµһλãһˮһֱ˫޹СŮѩ׵ķײңŮһ̵˾ǿףȫһ㵭ķɫޱȡ
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ˮŮӵıӰʧֱϵĳݺԼѪҲԼѪˣŮԼ֪ʲô֡
ֲʼԥԼˣΪԷģڿŮ˾ԼĿԣȲѣ뵽ʱ˵ĺԼҧԼһڡ
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Լʹ칬ѧ˵似ȻһĽ飬ԪԼĹǴ˵ͨ۹µ˳Ĭˡ
ԪٴδһҲȻ֣ϿκֻµĴӣԼǱ˴Ĵֱִۡ
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323 ּĪԵŮ
ͷ޼һĻĪԼǰ֮ˣ׵Ŀǳһߡ
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Ҷ칬֮ˣҾˮӦˣһҪˮ⣬һǾͿԴ뿪ˡ
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һľǿһر˵ʣȴǱ䣬ĮϢ·ԶǾڿ硣
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ˮ֪ҲΪԼ뵽̲סЦЦ֡ıóѡһ
ԱߵĲ׺û˵ֻǹеĿˮ԰׵ɫˮ˵ϢһԡѪϢɵõ뵽һε龰
ϴֻ˵һλ˵ȻļˮˮʱоҪõĶ࣬ԵǸƯŮʱ͹һ׽֮١
£δںҪ
Ū׺һ˵
ˣˮϢ
׺ǰסˮһֱһ򷿼
ھ绹һʱ䣬ˮڴϣոպһŮ˵𽵹Ĵϡ
ˮһڷʲôζֵֹġ
ʱӿˮ˼˵
ˮһҲ̫˰ɣôѵˮεվ
Ŷף֪ˣһʢûиŮֻԼĻȴˮһɣҲΡ
׺ºһ仰˵ĿŻˮˮȥˡ
ҪҪҽ㣬ͷһ¡һĿˮܻӭɫˮозӳˡ
˵Ĳȴ֪ԼԼȻû취ջĻˮϴһ£ֻСֹһ䡣
۸ң
ˮףԭѾͷڱ֮𣬿Ҳﵽɽ۷壬ͷųˣΪʲôôԼ
Ǹ·ܲߵƮ
·֪ˮʲôһˮֹš
´һȰѹ⣬Ժɾٴ·òá
ˮͬСٵ˵

ͷҧ´ԸнЦţȻվ
ˮѾ׺ĽŲֻŻǡɨһߣرǸͦغ޳˫ȡ


324 ˮӦҶԼһ㣬Ȼ
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׺ˮһߣˮݸˮ
ˮڲܶԽӹ׺еıӣĺڣŻ˵֪ղŵǸŮ˭𡣡
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ˮ׺ֻ΢΢ĵͷ
཭ҵˣ
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׺ָˮᰲοҲΪʲôǧټƵˮ칬ԭ
ˮŲ׺΢ЦĵͷڵĲ׺´ӱʹ˳ȫ߳ǲܵģŬΪһ콫¥һ¥ˮоôԵŮҲиԵһ棬һôҪһ㻹ûɿԡ
ˮӦңԼһ㣬ʲôĲ֪һʲôӡ
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ˮ츳̣žԵġ̼ءһѸٳɳֻˮû뵽ԼΪġ̼ء£Ҳµģҵźأ
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ڲ׺˵Ǿ仰ʱˮȷϲԼģǰˮȴǻеܳһ㣬ǰԱе㵨Ӻǿҵֹ
ŮѾ뿪ˣŮ³ĳԵģڶѾǰˣڲɾȥɽʯûʱˡ
ˮǲĻһˣˮرжʲôĿѾ㹻ˣˮ֪үӶԼûκλģûʲôԼ˵ˮһ̰Ѳĵ׽⹫λò¡
ʱˮɾеļ˳½ҽֲҩҩ䷽˫޹Ĵͼ˳
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ʣµʱôȥˣǴͼҲĿһ飬ļһһֱͦ˲ʱ
ʱˮɾһȥˮܵ񻶿ĽȻͷ¾޴ͩˮ߻Ľš
ˮֻͷϵķڱ֮ǰһЩԵĿˮҲܵʵˮ²дҩѾȫյԭ
һ˵ˮֻȻϹǿͬʱýԼظɡ󱱶֮Σ̱ԪӿĻָ
̬Ļָ뷨¸ǱòţʱѾȫҲõ˻ָǽ̱Ԫĺô
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ֱӶˮһӣһ⻹иҩ֣Ǹӡ
뵽ˮ־ȻһֱûȥأĸˮǸӿȥҩ쵽ϴεİٷҩһΡ
ˮޱȣûпÿһ㣬ΪûɾҪĺ١
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ˮĵģʵɾһҩݶѾû⣬ؼеǧҩˮое޲ߡ
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һֺȻ˼֮Ȼں΢СЧȴˮоԺԻɢ貵Ĺâ
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ҲǵȷԼÿڹ㳡ϴ̫ȭǴؼѵõļ֮֡һȻ
Ȼ
ˮľϣȻ֮ǿΪˮȻϹǿ쵽ıϣ޼᲻ݵһž޴á


325 칬󡢻У
ֺȻúˮȻδϣģϾغǿġ֮һ
ڹ㳡ϴ˼̫ȭˮŻ뿪ɽȥΪˮȥ칬󿴿칬칬ɽķܵڵ߷ϡ
һսѾˮ칬˲֪Ȼûмˮˣ֪һΪǿ۹ϬĺһԾŶ֮ˣ˶ǺµһʲôһˣıѾصвϯӵλ
һʱ磬ҲΩ²ҵ˰ĿˮϣҲ칬гֵһƥ
ȣĵĪµôʱñժر˷ܵģ˶ǰµϣܿǸˮˡ
һˮڳʱŻ棬ܼˮ˵ĺ٣Ҳֻµ˿ԿΪ֪ˮϰԣֻ֪ڹ㳡ϿԿ
ܿˮߵÿοĸˮоصҲܵеǱʶĸоӰɣƹĴ䣬㳡ˮ칬ôʱ仹ǵһ뿪µ
Ĺ㳡µĹ㳡ҪһЩرǹ㳡ĵһĶֱ̨ʮףϰٸ޴ʯӳ֮ߡ
㳡Ȼܶ࣬²Ůһ˵ķ羰һ㣬ˮŲٶȲĴ
ɽʯһȴɽһر۵Сɽȥ·ˮûһˣΪѾ칬Ҫء
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ˮһ۾֪˾칬̫ϳһģϵϢɮĸоرǿңҪˮڻǸоԷΪ
ˮĵ̧ͷˮһۣȻʲôҲûзһŲ裬һöҲûһ˿ͣٵ¡
ˮ͸ղ˵һˮоһֵĸо·Լվһ㣬ƽ飬ǹϵϢˮļµĸо
칬ЩϹж٣ÿһһĴڣɻжĴڣʲôԭʹ칬ЩС
ˮ˳ˮ֪ղŵ˿Լһۣһ۾ԿԷԼ칬ƵģˮǸоеһĨɣֻˮ֪аʲô
ϺоղŹȥô
ղſˮһλѩͷĵ˵
ԼѾд𡣡
һֱû̧ͷͬͷѩףԿѩ׳ĺЦ
ϬޣȻ˿úպ󱬷һ죬֪Ϊ칬Ǹǻ
ʼЦһ£պõסΪϺ˵Ľ
ҿԸܵھȻѾһؼĺȻҲòģ޸ҵĸоԺ·;Ҳƽ̹ĴԿԳͨ裬ֻ迴칬պ᲻ΪĴڶˮǴߡ
ˮѾ̤һббʯף̤ϣһ˲ĸоˮо̤һָ߶ȣ⾳΢ĸоˮºġɽϢٴη΢ı仯
ʱеƮ죬е㳬ĵһ⾳·һ˲걻ϴһ㣬ˮѾ˶ʯףúܲ˼顣
ˮûаĸоϣߵɽˮŷļûˣҲû̲飬ֻڲԶһܴʯ¥ֻ㣬ɫӵĴ֡Ȼȴôҫۡ
ſͬˣһˮóСءֵƺŽȥʯ¥ֻ㣬һȥֱϵڶ㣬ռܴ󣬺ܿ濴ľȻͬ
ȥˮ֪ʯ¥ʵǽڵصµģǵң췽ȴ¥ķȥ½Ӱ߶˺٣һЩߡ
ٴȷݺˮȥǲ飬ʵȫѧʲôԽǿԽӣʲô͵ĶУһЩССҵĲ󼸺ѧؼ
һŲ㣬㲻⿪ţڣ̫ϳϻල½ƣκ˲̤
ѧȫ칬ŵѧʣµǰÿԸһֵ½졣ֻгŲƵ˿Խ
ˮǰѧؼΪǰֻѧؼձ鶼ƼĹˮִ඼ս͡
սƼɽһͭȭţ
ˮϤĹкܼǷƤʲôĺԼɾеһģһˮ̲סۿ
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ʹֻսˮо˼飬ڴ½ֻǱʼսҲս˵ٿֻǼӣǲԵеġ
ʹˮںսڴӦûǸоսο칬սԼһʽ
мɵǺεȷҲսˮ༸սⲢ˵칬û似µĹôӦǸ߼ࡣ
һ˵Խ߼ԽãѧǰԽ߼ԽãԼƥԽãⲻѧĻ߼ǷֽԲ칬ӿţмѧ١
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еĴ̽͵㽣ϣ̣ˮԼĵ̣⡶Уĵ̺ףʲôֱӡѸݣʲôʲôɶ칤򵥵ֱҲЧġ
Ҳֻˮֽ徳ı̬ԸܵеİڣҲֻģζѣľ裬ЩʯҲֻѧݹˮԺܿĸܵе⾳
˵˾᲻ֻҪʱӣʱͿԵģҪԺԼ
Ҳˮ¯ľ磬ڿⱡʮϾʽܿܳ͸ȱֻʵѡ
ˮٿһ飬֮Ժһ㶼һЩ似ߣҲһֻǹ΢ֻѡ
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һЦˮ˵
ˮһܰɣԼ೤ʱ䣬ֻһУѣˮ˺ЦЦȥ
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326 յǷˡ
·ϵˮһֱԼĻͬʱҲĵһЩʲô鼮һˮֻһ䣬˵ˮ˻ˮԼоš
ʱĺܿ죬תۼ꽫ˮɵõ뵽콣ڶȹ꣬Լĸױ֤ǰѾȥˡ
뵽ˮ͸оֻӣһڴͿͬʱҲһּ尾ͣ൱ʮ꣬Ӧ㹻Լ̤˰ɡ
칬һƬϲգ껹ʱ䣬ڳҪֵĵѾȫż٣ͬؼҵĿԻؼңؼҵһ㶼칬ɽԶģз޵ģȻʹз޼Ҳ칬ɽԶģű̬ĸ߼ޡ
Ҫ꣬ÿڲһЩϲװΣŮŮ쳣µͬҲˣˮµѾ֪ߵﶼܵע
һͻ飬ʱˮͺܺڸǾһЩŮǰˮΪȻΪ˵ʵʣҲʵʵᣬϲŮˣϲĸкбʡ
ˮӲΪʲôӶԼֻǽˮûžͱ׺ºͻ˷䣬˵һȥ
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ˮɴ֪ǰǲģΪʦװʱʣµļСȫι£ʱΪʲôҲǣ˿̻ԼбҪô
ŮΪüݣԼòģȻҲŸɴαΪΪôѹأ߳Ҳá
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Ѿ֪ˣһǲҪ飬ƳҹѾ֪õٺôɡ
˵ҧгݣޱȵĺͶ⡣
ˮ²⿴Ѿ֪ԼǸŮӵˣտʼˮ֪Ƴ˭ǸŮˣԼӦǺԼˮ뵽ǸŮĴۻԼĻֱӴУŮӵݺ˵ʱ컵龰Ŀ
˫ʼսˮʽõô˿Լʵмǽ޼ɴ˼ΣͬԷ֣ǶѪˡ
Ůˣһ᳹㣬Ժǵκν
ˮĬĬĶԼ˵š
ˮƷˣһǵģ
µ˾
һǣϴˮ˵ĶذҪһ˾Եˡ
ʹˮͷ޼ɶܵصˣˮ֪Լʲô£޼ˮ֪Լ°꣬һˡ
һˮˣͬԷҲǲܶˣˮڵµ˲ԼˣǷˣѾõĳ
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һˮ֪ΪʲôϲŮɵһ㣬ɵһ㣬ɵŮ˺׿ɰ


327 µĽҩ
Ժ󲻻ˣԲˣ
ˮ˵ŻԼ˵һ㡣
ڷ죬Ҳڣ䣬Ȼů紺ҲǺůͣ粢ǰů¯ӵģյľġ
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ʯͷҲϡȱΪаʯ֮صġɽʢʯĵط
꺮̹ǵĵط֡ʯ齣ҾߣʯӣȻֻʺЩһļǺϺĵش
Щʺƽ͵Ⱥ壬һܴﵽ߾ͻ᲻ηһʹˮڵķڻһǰ¯״һġʯɢŵ
ˮڴϸһϮŮڴߣˮǶˣоһһõĸо
ֲ׺µ־ԼֿɼˮֹȥҲ֪Ϊʲôӿ죬ҲǸղŲ׺¿ʲôˮоԼе㲻֪㡢е㲻䣬Ҳɡ
ʱֻͬʱһˮоһģһ˲·𴥼Ĳǲ׺µֶһŷġ
׺еҵ̧ͷĿˮһۣƲһߣŴȥһҲ֪뵽ʲô
˽һ𣬾һжΪԷĲӡǣˮˣ׺ºͻˡ
ˮŲ׺ûжûѣȻӦˮҲһĬ֪ԼδޣŮ˻ô룬ôˮԼûŮ˹ͬӵԼʹԼû룬û룬ǸоԼ䣬̫ίͲȥ룬һֱˮûʽԲ׺˵ԼԼӵ뷨
ͬˮܲ뿴׺תͶһ˵Ļ뿴гһճΪ˵ĺ֣ܿ
ˮûôУԼϲŮͶ˵Ļģˮǰܲ޳ĳЩ˵˵ʲôΪҸѡ뿪ĺ׳ԵúܴȡܰʵǱΪԼҵ̨ס
ԼϲŮ˵ĻûԸ⹰ˣֻû²ŻѡþۺɢڰԼŪôǱ
ڶˮȻƮ˶ëѩѾ˰ߺĻѩзѩسһؽࡣ
һˮ˵ܴ󣬴ʱˮѸԭһ߳˷Ź㳡ȥ
µ˻ؼңϽĶëѩ˾ͻѡůıѣ˵޾庮˵ǲ֪˵ڵͨ˹ںѩлᶳ߿Բᱻᱻȴһо䣬ֻǿܶѡ
һ·ˮҲûˣ㳡ʱֱѾĹ㳡ڸһۿӰ
ϵĻѩѾСȣѩû˿ͣͷѩѽˮһѩһ㡣
̫ʮʽˮĴȻû⣬̫ȻڣֻǱƲסѣˮ˵ûʲô
ʱĻм˾ԶԶĿӰѩˣ˭ҲϳˮǱ־Եġȭõı־һۿԿǸ˾ôÿ϶ȭˮµͷһʱױȵӣһְֺ޵ˡ
ˮ˶ᱻˮǿźĴ򶯣ּ߻ħһ㣬ɹҲ̫ûˡ
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ڹ㳡ϴ̫ȭˮɵϰţɾ̫ȭȫһָо
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;ȥ˼εĲˮǿһЩڴ½ʷΪ֪һЩصشԼһЩڴ½صطƲ⣬иʳס졢ľȶ漰ϧˮѾûʲôô
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328 ̻ãɽ续
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ǵ΢ĺȻҲǿ˲٣Ϲçţ֮УȻںһھ籼ڵ
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ˮ֪뵽ЩʱϹǿԽԽתٶҲԽԽ죡
ʶеĻҲڿٵת֪Լϲã֪ĸ׵ʧϣҪΪĸԸ
κ˶ŬرĿɾˮԼģʵҲͻͽǰһķϲĵҲһһɾĴڣٲܳΪ˾̫ˡ
뵽һɲϹеٶȸˣͬʱҲǿˣֻһѾ·ˮһ㣬ַ·ˮһ㡣
ʮ졢ʮһ졭ǰٶȺǿ˺ܶ࣬ʱˮȫԼĻУ˫ʦװһҶ衣
ֻаһҶ̤ʨ룬ֻˮŸоԳԼĶ顣
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ˮվŴĺóʱһһƬհףجʱһƬհףҲǿԱľϲ֪ͬһƬհס

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ӿʼɾʱ䶼ȥ˴죬ˮ˻ɤֹͣЦȻı۾ı仯
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332 ʯ쾪һ
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334 ɱԺҪٺҸ
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335 оŮ죬ϴ÷
ˮıӰʧ¥ݴܲΪʲôҪԼԴˮɫŮӺѾûģΪʲôҪԼġȨҲߡ
صˮҲҵĺܣ鶼ǣԼʱˮû˵ʲôرᵽϣյʱ
Ϊϣˮ֪ϣ׷Ʈ˶֪һ˲ɺӵţȻᵽˣΪˮһεĳ֣ϣֱϵΪģһִҺȻԱȡ
ˮҲ֪ϣ˵ĴڣҲ֪ϣҵĴڣ
ʵϣ칬ֻ壬ȲμҺͷңȴǱҡܼҡҡҡ֣ǿˡ
һһҪѣǴ廹С壬Ҽ巢չһ̶ȣһǿߣûһסȫ˵Ĵڣ巢չ̶ֳȺܾܿͻѣһѳɼС塣
ʵϾڵˣΪҪ·չЩѵأں֣أһѾͻǸԭļʵ·ѺƶʲôͬЭ顱Ҳֻ𵽶ݵá
ǹɣݴ½гʢ˥ļ壬ȻҲ⣬ҲǷëǣ
ϣһ̫ϳϣϧѾûжԪˣʵǣϣڵϣϣϣǸ̫ٳѾİٶĸˣϣϣʱϣտԳϣҡ쵽۷嶼Ԫˮɾ鷢⣬ļֹӶûժȡɾʱ֮֮죬ɾʱ䡣
ҲչΪժûжʱ䣬ԾڻҪܳһʱ䣬ѾĴָСɫСӡ
ˮĹӲժҲûʲôʲôôԾʹɾҲʣӷŶʱ䶼ỵ
ɾˮڲõһرôǷžƣʵһɾɾһʮ꣬ˮɾз˺ܶܶơ
ˮԼ˲ٵĻǾƣһˮм˲ٶǧҩġ
ݴ½һ־ƽŮ죬ŮӳʱһֱŮӳ޳ɻʱóľƣŮ죡
־ƳͨصʱԽԽǴ㣬ǧʱ䣬ǾҺ
ڡŮ족־ƵԣŮӳΪǼʮ겻꣬˭Ů족ǧ꣬һΪǷӡ
ˮȴɾз˲ٵŮ죬ɾô˵һҲһʮ꣬ǧ겢ʲô£ǳǧҩ
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һ飬һ׳ǽյ¶赹žƣȻߵƲ飬ҲӺܺãͬʱΪ
ժȥ֮ʱʢ֮ǰޣɢǿ
ˮڿʱڴСķɫȻʼл
ˮܼ֪⿪˰ٶĶܽʲôĹӣ
µˮԼԴˮץһֻƤڹһõʮȫķ
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ʳɫҲȻҪǸܵ˵Ҳᷢ壬ɳԷȴÿ춼ҪԣһǺüΣʳΪ죬ʳڻǰߵġ
ů˼ɼǰᣬֻгԱůŻѰ֣ˮŹĹǳɫرܡ
ʢһ룬һС̵Ĺ򣬱۾һθо泩
ˮɾкüֽһϺһзļ࣬ζױȣڹ껹Ҫʤһ
ͻˮҪԼĴúù滮һ£ˮҪһϻȥ㡣
һֱͻϹǿ졣ѾʣµҲֻҪһʱۻ׼ˡ
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Ǿݴ½ĵҩ֮һȻˮľֻһٶȣȻǴ󲿷붼ĵҩ
ˮÿ뵽ԼѾͻƵϹǿر𼤶ÿθͻƺʵͿϣǰĲԶܿͿߵ
̧ͷԶһƬѩ÷ˮ߹ȥһֱӶժˮ¿԰ѡ÷ơƳ
ˮǵһΣ÷ǵһΣˮҪ÷ԭϣԼһЩĶ
ʹȼֹӣټǧĻƽ֥һЩƽҩѪҺһ㣬ǧϰľѪǧۡ
ˮһúáеƷʽ÷ƺͻǾƵǽȻͬġ
ͺñȣƻǾ๤ߣ÷˹ĸƫҩ֡
÷ˮõͭˮǰϳרŶģͭ˼ֻסΪˮܻŴ⼸оرа˵ݴ½Ҳͭ;ֶģҺձ顣
ֻˮõˮԼģ
ˮƹҪʱõǻƲҩˮͶľ˿ҩ
潫һúˮͿʼ似ѾԲĺΣֻҪԲˮſѧϰݹкļΡ
貽ǱˮڽңģңȴĺںϣҲˮٶôԭ
ںϣһ̶ϾҲһܾһںϾѾǲˣˮڲѾﵽ˾۵ķݡ
ʱˮʩչĲںϺĲˮϰ߽ΪĺۼأȴңƮݣңƮȴǹͺ貽á
϶ˮҩΪˮԪҩҲǼˮо⣬֪ˮԪʲôȼĵҩյ߳ôľ飬ˮоӦƷĵҩˡ
ƷɵĹЧɣˮ붼ѪڣһŵҩĹЧնçţˮ֪ĹЧںԣϾǰٷ֮ʮĹ湻Ǵ˵似ʸ
ɾȥˣˮ߹ȥ÷Ƶͭʱһ󵭵÷һ˿絭̴㣬˸оĿһ󼡹ǵĸо
÷ɫ͸Ũȱˮ΢Ҫһ㣬÷ɫûѤɫȴ䣬÷һ㡣


336 ƮŮͼеŮӣ
ˮô÷Ҳһ̳һͷСһ̳жʮҡ
ˮóһףʵͭСҨһֻףֻŵľףƯرע߷ֵ÷ƺرÿ
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÷ƺȳЧѾˮо˼ˣָоˮ²ǰй֮޲ȴǲһʱήҲ
ΪˮʱѾо÷ƵЧĸоҲ÷
Щ÷һЩҩݺƷȻ΢ʵϴȫĹãȻЧСԣҪˮоԳڷãһܺôһС׾͹ˡ
ˮʣµ÷һ£Һһ㣬һ꣬۾ٴθĸо
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ҹɾٴγˮٳʱһŮͼʱȴ̲ס뵽λз顣
һԼɾ㣬Ӷ˾
ҲչԼָյͻϹǿıϣһжǸŮӵһ͡
ԭԼϮŮ壡
һ˲оˮˣ̲סĳĻС
ˮȴǲ֪ÿһʱȴǺһŮˣ
Ʈ߷壡
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СӣŮһü
Ѿ֪ǶٴαѣԴϴγֵξͻÿһΣüΡ
֪ΪʲôܲϲָоԼֻþ֪һģǴλԼǸϵһ顣
Ů˾ŵķΣ¹Ĳմһ˿ֳ̻ϢˮĻһ̾һҶ̫ˡ
Ů˵պͲ׺¾˵ƣϧȴǲ׺ºһҶĽϣʱ֪ĸоϵϮ赲ֻεԼشٰ档
ҪҾɱ㣡Ůߵȳһ㣬һķйһεĿܡ
ŮȻƮƮ
ȴڴ˿оˮ⵽ͷһ㣬Ȼ
֣Һ˵ˮãţȻˮһθܵȴǿ϶λŮӵ
˵ں˵𣿡ˮڷȴ˵
㻹𣿡

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ˮͻȻ뵽ˡʶӦˮ뵽˿ŮþͨɢʶһĽʽ
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ֻͻȻˮܵʶ·ʲôĴһһ㣬ָоܹ죬ˮкܲ
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ˮջʶڴϣֵһе㲻˯֪ôˮеؼҡ
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˼·ʱѾҹˣô˲״ϤʶʵС
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ˮԺ˯ŵʱ򣬸оеǿϢƽˮ֮ԿԸܵΪˮоϢϤ
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ˮڱΪܵڹϢԼҪǿ󣬶һǿܶࡣΪڵġرһЩ΢ıǿ̫ࡣ
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ˮ֮˵ӰһŮˣһõŮˡ
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ˮоǰһֵĿ΢΢ϾôǿŮ˻Լ
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ӳˮһɴŮӣһɳŮӣֻ¶һ˫ȴ峺ޱȣֹ컹㣬ųȴֲʧ嫣ϧĮһе䡣
ˮһαϾˮûп
һҶǳף׺Ǵǣʦװ䣬ǰŮȴǵۺһ㣬˫۾Ľ⼸ںϣֻƾһ˫۾Ȼ
ŮͼеŮȴվˮǰȻձһɴסֻܿ¶һ˫ˮ϶ŮͼŮӵ񼸺һģһġ
ȻôŮӣȻϧȴûԼ㸣֣˵зǵŮӡ


337 ۿƮ
ˮȻһǰŮӣǸоǧһ㣬·ǴŮͼ߳һ
ƮڿˮͬҲһѾ֮УǾޱȡ
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ûĺջ˸棬ȴ˼֮ϴһ㣬˺ƽоԼһжű仯·ԡ
һָоҲһ⾳
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ÿ춼ԼϺöΣҴҹ
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ˮűе״ε˵šرϣ
ˮ̹ϵǳŮӵϣˮеεе֣ûк˽Ӵԭ˲ôᡣ
ŮӶӡľĸףҲǺСʱ򣬿ĸײֹĸһŮˣҪڼҵĵλܸߣмη״ĸףǺСʱͿʼˡ
һ֪һ֮ӡľ׵Ů˺ܶ࣬ȴĲס
һͥȺһ㣬Ҫ常ҲǺļѾľΪˣȻ˵뷿
ʱˣĸƴȫȴĿʱĶˣһ֮ʱȴǱһŮӾߣŮ˾ʦ
Ůֻ˵һ仰뱨ɱǸ˾͸ߣ
˺֮ǣ״ĸף常Ȼ޲磬˵ģһŮˣ칬Ʈǰ
ѧɺֽ常ɱΪĸױ˳𣬴ʱļûκιϵĸֻʦһˣʦߺһˣ˽Ӵÿ춼ϣ׷ֵ칬з顣Ǹ˶ûмҲûȤʦƮȥȥˣΪоЩҰ޶˿ɰĶࡣ
ĵƮȫŮӣǲõƮ壬ֲǿʤ뿪ƮѾʮûмˡ
һεξֹˮľ磬öûж֣Լˮìܣɱֻƽָǰֹˮ
ĵûôߣȻҲֻöʮﵽӵĸ߶ȣʱѾʮˡ
ֻǵǰ常񣬻ǳʶж˵꣬칬ֻһڹڳ¶һ档
ôһ칬˲֪ƮĵһǵŮˣ󲿷ֵҲֻһεľһãкܶ˶ǵ;˵ѡ
ϰһˣʵġ
ۿһ㣬ӲעʲôҲʲôƮһʣȴƮһ㡣
ֻҪƮƮһǿȺȴǹһӡ
ξֺĿˣرˣֱɱˮģɵˮ˫峺˫ʱܵʱջɱ˵ͷ
һįôŮˣˮȻûʵнӴξµӡܺû̵ļסˡ
Զǲˮ˵ġɣ
֣


338 㲻롭΢֮
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һǾ仰㲻ҪȥǸԶҪڲҶ֡
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ԣÿʱ䣬Һʹһϰӣʱ䲻ȷ꣬ʲô翴Լģһİһ˵
ˮ˵뿪ˣΪҪȥΪҪѧϰ칬һԲڴ˵塣
壡
ˮܾˣϾһ־Ǳ̬似Ȼ˫̫Ļû塣
｣Ҳû뵽ˮӦһ㶺ˮıӰл
֪ˮΪ｣ԭ򣬶һǿһЩõ粻ǰӡ
˵ںЩˮоܶ鶼йˮǰˣЩô˵֮ӡŮҲһõΣѵʱ֡
ݴ½ˮ˭֪Щûдͨ߻߱Ųɺӵľݴ½һĶǿģڵµĲзĴڣ


339 ǿ칬ϻᣬͨѨ֮
ÿϵӶѣ˵ҲûжʱԼҪ뿪ˡ
ˮоУԼסĵطҪкܶ࣬Ϊүӣŷ޼׺¡ĳ֣ԼһֱԼһˡ
ˮÿζԼˮĺرģ΢ЦĿˮˮ칬ΪϣΣ
仰ˮסˣˮǵŽ칬ʲôģô˵ҲǱó
ֻôҲû뵽һô죬ˮеֲ˼һ£ˮŲĲ˵֪үʲôõĽ顣
ҵȻܵµĳˣ˼ʣ鷳һжѾڡ
ĺǺЦ
ֻǣүӣҿܺܿҪ뿪һʱ䣬֪ʺ𣿡
ˮ뵽Լܿͻ뿪
Ǻǣϳƺţʲô£ֻһ±ϻ֮⣬칬칬Ҳû˹㣬ǿµϯӵģֻ֪ԸܲʺϣȻֻҪԸµϯӡ
ǿĵ˵
ͺãϻʲô
ˮȤʵ
칬ڴʱֻҪ칬ӲʲôְλҪϻ
ˮͷ̫ˣ
ˮ΢ЦţôΪ칬ĳϣԼû뵽
ãǾʦ죬һܸγʽϱ칬ϻᡣ
ˮͷ֪칬ĳ϶Ǹĳϡŵ֮⻹иϻᣬϻӴǾ˵ģ칬ڡ
칬ϻڴϵĴ£ǲκһΪκһǵĴھΪ칬ͷչ
ϻ϶̫ϳЩֵĴڣľǳϻˣϾǳϻȨˣϻĴֻΪ칬Ĵڣֻػ칬İȫڸܼʣΪֻ֪озչ
ߣȽ壬Ҳ칬似֮һˡ
Ų¥ǰĿյء
ˮû
ڳʱˮ첲ʵ
ˣ
ʲô
ʲôʱܰҴ硭

ʵҲһ֮һЩ޴ģھԵ֮Ҳǻʧȥá
ˮʵʱҲһֱ̫ġƱաһʽΪˮһк칬ƵЧǿ𵽾޴ķЧ
ˮġƱաǺçţں߲һķˮѧϰ壬ֱľǾֵѧ˵ն಻ѹ
ѧϰҪǿ󣬲ȻЧ΢΢ҲûǿķЧǿ󲻹Ҳסġ
İз˵һ飬ϸϸһ͹ؼνӴ˵ࡣ
ˮߺܶ·ʩչʼϣֻߺϵĲܰʹ칬ѧϰնʼߡ
ȻŮڲߣǿѧϰһ£칬һ㶼߲ſѧ򹬾ҲһּƶȡŮѧϰҲֻ칬ϻ˲ȨǷ޼ҲԴŮ
ˮ⾳ǲģ񾮵֮棬ǰ;οҲǲ
ղĵĽĳʼ徭Уˮѧֺܿ죬Ϊˮȫľ඼ͨģֻкٻεһЩ⣬ʡ˳һЩ谭ľѨ
ѨͨͺñһߵǿƽĴߵĸߵͲƽʯɽأû·ǱľʱĻִɽ谭ûгƵѨҪɽ·
ˮݴ½֪һЩ¸¥ˣȫͨѧϰʲôر֡
ˮտʼƽĴر˳ˮ־Ѩ;Ǻ٣һǴĵطԾȻֺܿ졣
·;ƽˣˣٶȿˣʹƵԶ·ҲǿԵģͨԿƿѨǾݴ½ȻҲͨѨģֻǺ٣ĴͨһЩѨЩѨҲͨŵġ
ʵֻҪͨͿԣԴͨѨ˺٣٣ȻˣôͿ塣
ͨѨĺôǾ޴ģÿһѨһ㣬һʣضѹϣмܶһ֧ǾͿԳסԭ
ͨѨͷ·þʶ˸֧㣬ͿԳܸ֮УҲþӼ̣Ѩ֮⻹һЩãһ㣬Ը
ˮֻƫƧһξûͨˮֻ֪ҪͨξˮͿת֮ˡ
İŸѨλˮԼͨѨеʮ֮һиһЩͨġ
Ѿ඼ͨȻһЩεľͨϰʱߵ޸ǵһϸСľ֧ûͨ
ԽϸСƫƧľԽԴͨҲΪʲô¸¥ȫͨôˮоĽϾһЩʸ߼Ҳྭûдͨġ
ȫͨĺôǶô󣬿¸¥֪ˣ
ԺӦóȥͨѨˣ
ˮ¾ģһֱˮ⣬Ҳǽ뵽ġ
ֻˮܿͷˣԼͨ˼ѨҲŲʮѨԼͨļ˫ϣطѨΪʲôûбͨء
ͨѨԵĸоѨһоѨΧɢһһ̵ּ֧
ϰȭʱҲû⣬Ǹ˫һѨͨԼȥͨôһˮ
ţԼʶеĸпһЩѨĶͻĽԼûôԼõʲôɡˮվȴЦˡ
ǰÿͻƵһˮȲȥõʲôô鷢չʹϺˡ
ˮڷʲôЦĺû߹ڶԼĥҲطˡ
ϴθ˵Ļ֪ʲôʱֳŵˮ˵
ʲôʲôŵҲеɻʵ
˵ҷڵġˮѹٺٵЦš
û뵽ˮ˵仰ˣ󣬾˿Ŀˮգ¡


340 Ůζͨͨ
ˮĺϲֽż鶯һЩˮŮζˮ֪ͻŪԼ
ŮζأƾԼĵŮˣŮζŮˡ
Ůζһζһζһζһζһζ
ҪҪҹȥξģڣòã
ð
ˮ΢ЦţɫıסƸͦԲΣĴ͵ˮÿһζǸоô𺳺棬ǰᡣ
ˮϲˮҲ֪ϲԼˮһЩܵĶοˮҲд㽫ԶԼߡ
ебˮһۣûжˮֻԼвλֵ֡
ˮ΢ЦűܿĿ⣬ָֻѾԵĹ֮УֻˮܿԹĿʱȴǿ˲׺ڿԼ
ڿԼֻֻ֣ڻβ֡ˮεЦЦջ֣׺ȴˮһۣһˮоرܡ
ˮ֪ŮľҲطǱģˮҲ֪ŮҪʱһԼһЩ
μǺˮʹȥϾҪμ幦ģǿԼΡ
ֻˮںȥϹǿʲôҲǿԿˮˡ
ǴʱŻȥģȻûˮڣˮԼϲϺͻĸо
ɾ
ˮɾȥܾûйۿЩܣʱͻƺľϲ͵ʱˮûзʲô쳣һЩˡ
ʶ
׷
ˮôҲû뵽ϹǿȻ׷
԰ʱˮǵþѾѧ׷˰ѵˣ
ˮ˿̺ơ
ˮѸٵȥһ£ֵѧġ롱ΪҪѡĵΣΧԼٶȣŹȣ׷ˮ˼άģҲǱ׷
ˮżԼ׷һˮ֪ԭ׷Լ׷ˮоرģôһνȴرʵá
ԭ׷Ȼһ֡ҲǸκιڹԷʱὫԷУӸأٶȣ
ڽͶ٣ˮǺľйأСȫٷ֮ĸأȫٷ֮ٶȡ
ȫٷ֮ʮĸأȫٷ֮ʮٶȣ
Բȫٷ֮ʮĸأȫٷ֮ʮٶȣ
ҿȻͨԷԼ̬Ĺ
ˮʱ̲סһ䡣
ȻǰӶԷأͶԷٶȣ
̬
ˮرģ뱾Լʵ˱ԼͶɵٶȣӵĶɵĸأⲻ𡭡׷֮ҲǺܳͬϹǿΪȻҲѧֻҪ±룬һЧ
ֺܿ죬ûʱͿԸܵ׷תѭˮͣʣµĿʱĻˡ
һɾʱȥˣˮٴȥ˵㶫Ž¿⿪ͷһ׷ǲˡ
ͨѨ֮
֮ѨһڣͨѨõЧ;޴ĺô
ˮһⶼ֪˵ʲôˣ컹ڸ֪̾ʲô취ԴͨѨȴǲѴ֮ĳԼǰ
ҲԼڲˣʱ˹ҲͲְ뷨ˣҲоôˡ
ˮż¿
ѨֲھУͨѨھĪĺôԼ̾þԳܸ֮þͨѸݡ
ˮ¿ʮ澭
ˮ֪Ѩͷֲʮ澭ϣ
ʮ
澭άά
֮˵ʵһЩٵѨλʱﵽԻ֣ᷢ
ˮ֪ԭİŸѨλȻһЩٵѨλʵˮٿǣʱɣ
ͨѨֹͨҩͨͨͨĴͨ
ˮһ־Ȼô취ͨѨʱо˿
¿ΪˮֻûпͨѨ
ͨЩרŵͨѨֻͨһЩСѨеһ˸ѨǹͻƵġ
ҩͨǵҩͨѨһЩĵҩԴͨĳһѨҩͨԴͨѨֻһҩＫأرټ
ͨ˼뼯ĳһЩʱʱִܻܿͨĳһѨ
ͨͨѨ͹ͨһֻһЩСѨеһ˸ѨͻƵġ
Ĵͨڴ򶷡ĦҲĴͨѨʺܵͣͬҲֻܴͨһЩСѨеһ˸ѨǡĴ򷨡ͻƵġ
ˮҲеΪˮִͨѨԼô򵥣֪֮ͨûУûⷽʱãһܴͨҪһѨ
ҩͨǿԴͨѨֻҩͨӦøѣҩˮ֪ġ
ͨͬҲǿԴͨѨô׳𡭡ͨ벻֪ԲԺǿԣ͹ͨһֻܴͨһЩСѨ
һĴͨˮоһϹèײӵķ
ˮ뵽Լʥ֣֮뵽Լϴʥ֮ʩչֽ֡Ħ֪ûдͨѨˮͲԾ뵽ʱ龰ÿˮоģرĴ̵ͦβʱָСǿԼȥЩˮ¿ڿԼĶ
ͨѨ
ϧֻ˫˫ۣ˫˫ȵͨѨ
ͨ
ͨ
ˮ֣ˮĲѣô˵ܱûǿĲ󣬼ûͨͨҲֻϡ
֣ͨ˹ֻͨ˫˫ϵѨСɾͨѨɾͨѨԲͨͨʮѨͨǸѨȷ
ÿһֱϵġ
ô٣
ˮɻ󣬶ԲֱֻͨʮĸѨͨ˹ֻͨ˫˫ϵѨСɾͨѨɾͨѨԲͨʮѨ
СǰԲ綼ԵЧҪúܶ࣬ϾԲҪ츳ģˮЩˣԲҲֻһЧ
뵽¸¥⣬Լ죬ˮоǳľͨԼŮܵ顣
ô˵¸¥ܰѻԲ;޴ǱǼֵÿĵ顣
кüŮͬԼǵĸˮϣΪСѾͷġ


341 ɧ׶ʯ
ˮٿ棬ĽЩˮѾˣһ׷ͨͨѾ㹻ˡ
׷ѾסˣУԺֻڼϰɣھȰͨͨȻСɾ͸ˡ
һʼϰˮͷͨȻر֣ΪֱϱмѨͨģҲˮȭĺôһֳͨͨĸо
ͨѨһǡͻѣҪﵽԣкСļʴͨĳһѨֱͻѨﵽСɾ硣
һˮͻȫĵͶȥοˮǹĿԼסؼˮ˵ʲô
ȻվͺŷֲĹϵ
һζεһ㣬ΪһʼˮͨرжϣǺ󾢲㻹νӲס
ϰ˺ܶˮ־һķҲõķǾǲ䷳һһϰΪżͻһ㣬ˣ´οɵĴﵽǸλãȻкܶζû˿жϣ޹ˡ
ˮ֪Լ񾢻ԼĺģôһδεУȻһδεжϣȴһδβЭ
㵽ڶˮɾǿ֮һͨ˵ͨĳѨͨǲܴͨĳѨġ
˯ϣˮ𴲡ϴ㳡ֹ｣˶ڣȻ˺ܶࡣ
Ϻã
｣΢Цˮ˸к
ˮͷʼÿ첻Ķʮʽ̫ȭڵ̫ȭеĳɷ̫ˣȻҲˡ
Բ̫ȭûнçţлرǲɽľ硣Ҫľˮ⾳׽ֻ⾳
ͻȻˮ뵽ѧġ׷㳢̫ȭУ׷ǿκιеġ
ںϵǲѣҲûжʱ䣬ֻ˲ʱʱѾںϣϧȥںȴûʲôЧϾ׷ҲǸոѡ
ˮչ󣬽Ȼ򵽡΢ʱôģкܴģֻҪнͻǰĵ·һĻۡ
ȵĳһͷʱԼȻߵ·ѾԶԶ
ˮʱ｣ƽһ̫ȭʼķ̬оȣǴǴһ飬ش˼⡣
｣ƵҲģ˺ܾˣˮĽ֪ԭϰôĿЦ̫С̫ľһϲͨʹϰǧҲǲű߼ʡ
ˮһඥéٿղһֱһתƣȴƿ߽Ժ䡣
ǸоҲ⾳
ˮߵʱǽ̫֣û¿Իһ£Ըõҵ̫ȭĸо
ֻˮû߶Զͱסˣ
һˣرˣβ͵ӡסˮɫ֮临ޱȡ
ˮ
Įˮ
ۣ쿴ϣҮĸ֡
ע⵽Ļ
ģϹſ죬ˮϣһˡ
ϣպܲˬüͷ
ܹ｣һҲΧ˹
Ĺ㳡ߵرۣܿӵ
ԭϣհ
ˮĿǰӣʺܲӷ·ھ޴ʹС
ֲԼ飬άõӺ׵õСŮͬ顣
ԼһˣˮܵԷʵȻˮűʤġ
Ҳ֪˭Ҳ֪Ϊʲôɡ
ϣڷеƽ˵
֪
ˮǸɴ˵֡
ϣһ㶺ûʲôķ죬˵Ҫս㣬Сµ𡣡
϶ˮԼһ㡣
ˮĬ۷ԲҲûʲô壬ˮһ̧ͷսʲôã
һİһȻԶԼһء
ϣᶨ˵
ãҿԽս󣬴˵أϣµô죿
ˮ˵
ˣ
ܺãѵֻɱǼ˭ڣ㲻ЩڵҲһ𣿡
ˮЦ
ȻҪʱ䣬ҪȣһҲܵȡ
ϣտˮ˫۱еս⡣
ܺã㱻ҲСĴô죿
ˮ˵
ϣͬҲƬ̲Ż˵ϣ죬ȻĳЩȻʧȥһЩ
ˮ뷨ͷٴһսԸ
ˮ뿪ˣĿǺɽʯΪˮ뿪ǰܵĶ࿴ʯ
·ϡ
̾Լˮ첽ʯ
ϴˮокܳʱûȥɽʯˣﲻΪûˮĵ徲似ȴǲࡣ
Ϊѧʲôǿ似ʯޡľһ羰ɢĵĵط
ʵǺܶŮŮ˫ɶɢĵľӶ࣬ʵǰĹ㳡Ĺ㳡ȴ䳡
ˮ߹ϴο໨ݣ컨ݣЩϾֻǿһۼסͺãˮĺܿ죬ǧʯľռİʯ
ʵˮڿİľʯлٶ޵̣ˮûþ뿪ˣΪǰĿļȫЩ
ˮоٷʯǼ⾳ùۿ˸׽⾳ɡ
ˮԼѾ߰ٶʯһˮˣһֻ޴ʯˮֻ޴޺ʹˡ
һֻڵޣǿ׳ִȣˮ뵽ǰһֻ棬ҲǺ档
ɧ
Ŵ̵ֶĴڿ󣬾޴׶ͣ߳оŽڣ֫쳣ִһǳűը˿ȴǴڰ֮У˸оǱ˵ıȣһ˲ıǿµġ
޴һսףڵɢĹ󣬼ײе۾ˮôҲû뵽ɧŴôῴײ
ˮֻ֪ǰɧ޳ᡢܷɣǿʮľԼ߶ȣˮʯϵġɧ뵽ʱ׵ĴһÿһԾҪǧ֮⡭Ҫͷһִ׶Σ׶೤ںڷɢһɱ
½ϵ˲ٶΣմɱޣ
׶ޣ
һˮ˼ˮͷһˮʶˣЦĿˮ
ҽ֪ˮСֵûȤ̸̸
վˮЦ˵
ˮһ֪ԷרΪԼģ
֪ܲ˵һ׶ޡһЩ
ˮʵ˵


342 ｣
Ȼ
ĵĴ
׶ھݴ½Ǵ͵ޣȴΣյ֮һɣ˲䵯ǧ֮࣬Ƕ̾ٶ֮һ䱬ٶԼӲȳΪɱرǰ׶೤׶ӣӲȲ͵Ϯһˣµӹ˲ࡣ
ˮû뵽ɧȻôţƣǿµٶȣҲȻٶȺǿһ»޿ƥеġ
׶һ޿ƥеļӲףرǾ޴׶ӣӲ׶ӣ˲伫µٶȣ͵ϮʹĹҲġ
ǰɣ֪ʲô飿
ˮ΢Ц˵ˮ֪һԼϾź¡
ΧûʲôˣмҲûעߣԶһЩʯԼߵүȻûʲôȤ
˼һֱӿżɽ˵ϣںϣյıУҪΪһˣȻҲԸһıꡣ
ˮ۾ӣµǱϣɱеңˮüͷΪӦϣ飬ת֮ƭðɡ
οְ࣬ˮѾе飬ȻǸŮʲôӦǱ˳谮ģȴǱ˻
ˮּûκκøУǰˮͶԸûʲôøУڻûκκøС
ϣûԼҲˮԼ룬ãΪиûôĽǶѾѹѣˮϣգ˵ˣʹеʱǴҲҪ֣
ѾԼԸֻҪˮСֵܰԼıԣͿԵõһıꡣ
Ļˮ˵ĺϾ˳ȻͿԵõһЩܴĺôں˵ܶ࣬Լʧ֡
Ϊʵ£ΪԱȲѣȻĻԼ˵ҲԺġȴһˮӳŵҪֵסջ̰һʧԡ
ˮһ飬ͬʱڵһɰǿĸѸٵȻ
ˮ΢Цţû뵽ȻЧƲһϣ
ҲܴӦ㣬Ҳ֪ܲʤ
ˮĻһתʯ۲׶ޡ
ɱɲԡԲ𣬲֪Ҳκ˱֤
ˮüͷ΢΢ͷҲصĴĻ
ͲСֵˣӦĻʱȥңԻᵱһıꡣ
Ȼĵ˵
˽Ϊһֺ̰ˣ
ˣˮĬĬע׶޵ʯͨչٴˮһЩεĶ
޾ȻǿıˮϸĹۿǾ޴ĺ֫ĽǶȣ䣬ǿڵġе·ߡ
ͻȻˮǾ޴ϵܵһϸСĶ
ͨѨ
ôͨѨ
ҲͨѨ
һ˲ˮԺѸͷٴο˼ȷԼûп׶ӵ˵ĵͱӦú˶Ѩͨйء
ǲԼϵѨȫͨҲǿıͿٶȣˮоԼѪҺȼա
ˮĬĬİʯϵġ·߻УһʼȻǸо֡ͻʽǰˮ˼ǱͨͻҪ
ѵ׶޵ͨѨ
ˮ̲סϲţȻ
ʱĹȥˮȫֹУˮȫʱˮЦˣҲ֪ⲻͨѨ
ֻǡ׶ޡĵɽڶʱڷӵһٶȵĹѨΪʲôͨô࣬ӦúͶԷ츳йϵҲһⶫ;߱ǿĵ
ת֡ʱˮо˫ȷ·һ㣬нıͻˮ˷ܲѡ
ָоˮʩչһˮסˣѾˣˮһʯ
ͬһֻޣˮеӡ󣬺Ǵ޽ϬƤ֣ǿǾ޴ֻǣɫķź⡣
ˮ˰죬ûзʲôɫҲѧϰĶٿƬˮһʯȥ
һƽƽʯȻеʧҲоҲϾǧʯġ
ֿ˼ʯȻˣˮҲû¿ˣɴ뿪ڲŰ磬ˮ｣ġ¶Ϊ˪ط
ˮȥȡ֦¶Ϊ˪Ҳôô˵⡰¶Ϊ˪Լ˵ҲǶǧҩĵĺö
ˮߵûжԶʱˮܵϢˮפ㣬֪һǹ｣
ˮüͷ뿪ٺͱŮκξ𣬴ӹ｣轫ϵһˮ֪ߡ
һµµΪˮֺһŮ˲𻨺ѣرƯŮˡе˺ŮԵرãŮӷĵ׷ˮܲоǶǻաƿ
һˮŷȱľŮˡ
űһˮڷԼҲǺţŲֻ࣬ˮǰЩûʲôȴȻ̸˴ôš
ˮ򵥵һǼǮԺõģõģúõģЩ㹻ţ˵ֺܻˡ
ԼôԱˮתһ˲ȴǴ˹｣
ôôң
ˮû˵ʲô̧뿪
ΪʲôΪʲôҪҡҺ㲻һεˣҲҵʱŪ˫ġ
ˮפ˵
ûҪʲôҸʲôѵϲң
｣Թ
ˮĬһ£ҶŮûʲôȤ
｣裺
ѵǲһͨ𣿡
｣̾˵
ˮ뵽Լܿͻ뿪ٻҲˣʱҲҵԼˡ
ȻԣʵѾͨˡ
ˮ΢Ц˵
ˮʵо庮ҷٵŮˣˮǱʶеų⣬оˮоЩŮǻŮˣΪһǾͻ뵽齣ǵĻþǿҵĳ嶯
ģ
｣Ѿ˳һɫİȹǸ߸ķ٣екҹŮĵ
ˮǾϲһ̾ˮ֪ˣˮ֪Լ˷СԼϵˡŮ֮䴿ļڣΪˮоŮѣһʼͱһЩͷ
ȻҲ⣬ֻǻٶѣ
ˮĺ͹｣̸˼䣬ֻ¶Ϊ˪뿪ˣˮûзת뿪ʱ｣ޱį
ˣ


 ¾ݣ̤ҡ


343 ս˵ľȭ
ʱһζˮûȥңҲʹҵĽ׷ʱ䣬ˮϣս˳һ㼸˲֪˲
ĴٶǺܿģ칬һЩϼ˶һսȤ
ˮȴǲΪȻԼһϵһεսµˣһ塣
һ˺ͼȥˣһ㣬һʱ˵׷ף֧ˮҲ֧ϣյġ
ϣɫ磬µĹ㳡ȴѾɽ˺ΪҶ֪ʱ־ˮϣյıȶԸıȶ
ˮ㳡ϣˮģȥȶϾھȶʱ仹һʱʱ䣬ˮû뵽㳡ϻôˣһĵӡ
ˮˣ
˿ˮ󼤶ĺ

ˣ
һʱУˮͷһԱȽϰĽ䣬Լ̫ȭ
ˮ̬еͣе˲ݣΪˮװģҲΪһֵϾˮΪǵһΡ
｣һȴվڲԶĿˮҲģ£һˮں˼뵽Լ⾳С
ʱ䣬ڱ˵Ҳʲôɾˮǲһǿµʱ䡢µĿޡ
ϹǿѾȶ׷ͨԼֹͨУر׷Ѿ졣
ͨͨȴǾСɻһξ룬ˮȻôɥֻепΪԼ˵ֻѣûɾһ뵽ˮоеܲˡ
Ȼ֪ٱ̫ȭֵĹӴĸоԽԽʢƼȴ˾ޱȡ
ϣˣ
ۣˣã
˶ɧԶĸϣóһ·˸ϣմк
ϣ߹Ⱥ׵Ĳû˿仯̨ȥߵ̨±ߣϣտԶˮüͷ
оˮľΪˮʵߣΪԼ˽⣬ˮͣ򳬹ԼѣûпܡڴЩ칬ϯʵĽ¥ӣԼͬ
ֻôҲ뵽ˮɾı
ԸˮϢĹˮĹ;߱
ֹϡ٣Ϣֻ͵ϮʱЧݴ½оϢϲôء
ΪЩھʵǰһ
ϣջ϶̨յĶ̨Ͼһˣ˿Ҫͷӵĸоʵܶ˶ϲġ
ˮһȭȭĴصɽɢرӾҲ˴ߴ
ˮȥ
ǰ˰ɣ
Ще˼µģµ˴󲿷ֶûпʮǰʱϣµɫˣҲµϯӡ
ʱµԶô˿𣬾ڵ󲿷ֶǺϣһεˣеıϣջҪܶࡣ
Դϣ׷Ʈ䣬һʱ뿪µҰϯӶˡ
Ҳ｣赱ϯӣҲʱµΪ칬˵Ц
ˮĳµٴλԻرһ֮¥ľŸܣɱˣ䣬ˮµٴδ˱֮ϣʱӻԻ͵ĵλ
ڸܣһµʮӵ֮սһʱ˶Ǽ˷ֵǡ
սҲǿģһ֮սԺܶ˵ôǾ޴ģǲ뿴ܾˣϾ֮սҪҲҪ칬ڶ칬Ĺڶʱ򣬾ϴˮս¥˵ʱ칬
칬ڣһε칬ƴʱڸ칬һүүǸԵġסЩǡӡʱߴٿսˣˣ
ҿˣϣձϾϯӣʮصʱ䣬ʺã𲽾ʳĸ֣ʮһˮٺҲôɡ
һյľ˵
ʦ˵Ķ԰
ڵȳɣ
Щ۶ҹܴ˼յˣ˶ǿеè壬Ͼ˭֪ˮյһδĳ
ڴʱߺһЩѹ˽ֱʱˮŻ֣Ŷ̨ȥ
˶Χڶ̨ˮȴԶ徲߽ˮַ޼ͼµĳڴˡ
ĿתˮȵԶʱĻῴһ۾ͿԿ칬ϼ
칬Ҳ໤ҪҪ۷ʵ칬Ĺǵϡִǧ䳤䳤
ˮŮҲڣŮ߾ȻˮʶŮ޳ʾѵŮӣˮŮȻˮգգ֪Ե
ʶԼ𣿡
ˮƵĺͲ׺ºͻкȻ˳ӦƮŮ΢Цһ¡
ˮͣӮŮʶʶ
ǺܴΧܽ˾ޱȡ
ϵͬһ㰡
ߵŮӵЦŵ˵
ˮŷ޼ͷЦЦȻ̨
ˮôҲû뵽ôˣ̨Χͽ¥ȶʱ١
ˮϣտҲͿ϶̨ȭϹǱˮΪߵҲ£οԼǿϣա
ˮһ̨ϣվվֱӣһ˲ºı̨¸۷׷׵˶סڡ
̨ϵһ½ѹһ˲䶼ֻܵǿϢѹ
ϣյľѹ־ܶ࣡
ԭϣѧľǾȭ
ҵĹȫȭͷϣñĻɡ
ϣտˮͬ˫ֺѵ
Σ仰ˮоܺãˮٹ䣬ԭĵ̹
ˮûпֻǵͷ˫ȭѾ֤ˮҪ˫ȭӦ
ˮ˫ȭͬʱϰƲȻǰһ޴Ļڶһ
˫һײϣȻХһ
Х·Ҫ͸ǻһ㣡
ХϣյͻȻÿ˺ö࣬ѹһϢ
ߴͬʱһ˫첲ô׳ޱȣ䳤֮һг˴ȴϸɢĽɫ
һ˫ȭͷޱȣнԾˮ
Ǵ˵оȭ


344 ܻΣԵˣûȥ
ˮĶϣգˮβ˿⣬ϴϹʱв׺ţϣȻûϹΪߣˮо﷭Ǻܶģκδ⡣
ˮҲ֪ȭϵȭˮ˱ͱȭǿն
˺
ˮҲȻ֣ٴǾ޴ĻХ
ԣ
һ죬ˮЦˣˮоϣȭϵȻͻƺԼֲ٣Ҫǿôһ㣬ֲ칬ͬܳһλԼûͻǰһԼӲ¡
ϣոǾȣΪȭһãȭһƣټնڣȻֻȶԷ΢ǿôһ㡣
ˮ֪ԷĹУһǴ˵ϵĹֻˮڻûнţ
ѹ
ϣվ޴ȭͷһõĽǸһˮ
ʱϣһ޴սһ㣬Ʊ׾ȴޱȡ

һ޴ĻˮȴǱ׾Ļ˫һ
ԣ
ٴһ޴ײ
ˮʯѣ߶ˮȴȻֱվţ˫ϣվ޴˫ȭ
޴ѹֱˮϵɱ޷ʩչϣͬþȫĴѹˮϾռƣֻҪˮ΢ЩиǾ޴ͻѹˮͷϡϣЩġ
һʱ˫󣬾Ȼ뽩һ㣡
ܻΣ
ˮһʹεɱУ֮ɢǿҡһִ羢
һ˲ϣոоֵضɽҡһ㣬ɫһ䣬Ѹٱˣ˫ȭԷˮ͵Ϯ
ϴƺϣյʽԵܵǿϢرǶ̨˸оǿҡ
һˮͻȻǰٶȾȻԾٶȿ𻨣˿׶޵Ķһᾪ治ѡ
̫ޣ
Բ̫ޣ
çţ̫ޣ
Ǻն̫ޣӲԾĳ
ž
ϣձˮ
ϣڲţΪˮٶ̫ˣ쵽ӦӲϾĵز
ˮʯϵĺ׶޵ġõڵϣȻӰӣȴѾܵ׶޵Ķĸ࣬һʱ˸о칬
̫ޣʲôʱҲ̶ֳ̫ܰȣ
һˮ̾
Ļˮ̫ȭ˸оȭİԵͲȻ;ȭ˿ѷɫ˷ܲѣȭǴ˵ѵ̫ȭҲǴ˵֪ˮ˿̵̫ȭǰԲ֮
ˮٴѸź˵ϣճȥ

çţЧնŲɽĳػ
ԣ
ˮԵٶ£ϣշֻӲҾȻҵĺˣֱ۶ʹ
ȭͬȼײʱһγԼֵı¾ȭ
ľİȻôԵҾԺһҪ̫ȭ͸
һе꼤ߵе
̫ȭڲشϣգˮûʹ촸ҲûдսףûʹϬĻ
ˮȫϣ̫ȭˣˮѾҲзϣҲտʼˮΣˮҪϣղǺѡ
ˮϹǿصǿ󣬳־ǿڱˮһֱӲӲϣ
˿ˮֻҪԼ̬ٶʩչԿԴϣյԴ˿ˮԿ񱩵̫еĹʽַȥ
һѾ˻ΪЩ˶ÿˮ̫ȭˣǴ˿֪ԭƽʱϰ̫ȭҲǿ˿񱩵һ档
ȶˮоԼóɱ簵룬ˮľһʼҲ֮ɱϣգȻˮˡ
ˮﵽ΢ˮԲ䣬˻ɱˮкüְ취ɱϣգҪصĴۣɾˮԼܿĺ
ϣյ۾ͨ죬ֱѹŴĸо˭ҲˬһαˮȥϣһѹֵХ
ХŲʺͲ
ڴʱ
һӴʱϣϴһƽսһ㣡ǿӿղŴ˺öࡣ

ϣտЦ
ͻˣ
ϣվȻͻˣȻͻƵˣ
ҿͷͻƣ汲ոˣ˭˭Ӯ˵ˣ
ϵ𣬾ȣʲô鶼У˵ĶУһϵɫʼˡ
½㣬ˮ°ɣ
ĵߵĲ׺ʵ
µģ
׺ҧݡ
Զһˣͨȴرϵˣ̨ϵϣգ¶οЦ⣬ڿˮĵͷת뿪ˡ
лղ飡
ϣ΢Цˮ˵
ؿû飬㿹ǿɣҿڵʵ
ˮ˵
ϣ¶һ˿ӵɫҧҧˮȻǸտʼȭȴǿԵһΡ
ɽѹǰԵȭ
̫֣
ˮת۷壬ڽӴԷ޴ȭͷʱ̫ᾢ͸վһ˲ó

һһ֮䣬պýԷȭ⣡
ˮƺܼ򵥵ĽԷ⣬ֻˮԼ֪ǱϵôɣˮеһҶСһ㣬ÿȴܸպûϣյĿ񱩹
ƷתղҲģ
оһˬ
ˮߴˣʱ˫Ѿʹȫһʱ䶷̨Աĵ𣬻ɫ䣬Ҳʱ˲֪ˮҲǴ˵Ĺ
Ҳй
ϣҲоȥʱԼֻƣСǹôǿ̬ʮ㡣
ϣռӰͻȻһ֮࣬ˮ·

ϣյӰٴαøߴһЩͬʱȻһõӡֻ޴ȭͷƽֱĴˮ
ûκλһȭҲֱЧһȭ
ˮѸٳһ΢΢ǰ㣬Ȼ޿ɱǾٱܣ
Ѿȹľ˴ӡʹ
ˣ
ԣ
޴Уˮһɫе㷢ףϣȴǿѪĵɳȥ
ֱӷɳ̨ʱԾȽסϣգ
ˮһ֮ˣüĿ֮䵹Ǻϣƣһϣһҩ
л飡
˵ͷϣ뿪
ˮջĿ⣬ĽĿУ¶̨һˮӰе¶¶Ϣ
ˮ
ˮǺЦʪĵˮĸ첲֡
ˮеĿԼĲ׺»ظĵ΢Цˮ¶̨˲䣬һ̸оŮйĵˮЦˡ
Լϲ˵飬顢顢飡ˮ֪ԼҪʲôˣ
ȥ
ûȥˣ


345 ǡ˾ͽҵĶ
ˮĻķ۱΢Ц£һ֪ԼʲôҲ˵
̨ըһ㣬ˮˣĽĿ´ŮͲġ޼ȥ
ٴڲ￪ĵĳһͣڸղŵ鵹Ƕûᣬ˶иԵ뷨
ڶˮ൱ģڸ⣬ˮԼǼᶨԼ뷨΢ЦĿ׺ºͻ
޼ˮ̾˿˸оʱţ˻رǿң
үӣܾҪȥˣ
극ûãˮ˵ǺͻȻˮ˶ǾȵĿˮֻ֪ˮ뿪ȴû뵽ô졣
޼Ҳˣ
ŮΪ֪ˮ˵Ҫһٻȥˮȴ˵ӦҲͲ£졣
ˮ˵ýߵ𣿡
׺ɻʵ˫ȴ¶ǣ֪ˮΪ֪ˮȥҪʲô
ˮҪȥǰҵģ
Ȼ֪ˮʵԸое㲻ףеִ٣֪Ϊʲôֻϣܰʱ価ܵƳ١
ֻʱ㣬ˮ׼ãﻹΪϵģرˮǱˮƳ꣬׺ˮʱҲκ⡣
ôʱ䣬е㵣ļˣؼҴһʱ䣡
ˮ΢ЦĿŲ׺£һĵ
ˮ˼ĸˣˣ֪ĸһˮﶼԣںбҪĻȥ˳˵ʵһ׶Ρ
׺¿ˮ΢üû˵ʲôǡ
ˮʲôʱȥҺ½׼׼
е㵣ǣˮͿĵЦ
ˮĺͷ޼ƺڿǵ̬ȡ
Ǻǣ˾ͻȥɣˮʲô鶼Ըͷ˵˵գҪΪ˺»룡
ĺܿͿЦˡ
ˮҲ˵ʲôˣҪУסֻҪʱͿҪһУмɳ嶯
޼ˮԺ˵
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ˮлĺͷ޼ԥһ²Ů˵
ãʱͷӸУȰĳʽ꣡
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һ칬ݾһɺӵݣ칬ָ칬ĳϣЩϻ̫ϳһǲӴġ
ݼﶼӣ˭ҲҪ˼֣ˮʱõݡ
ǣ
˾ͽң
үˣ
ǰүջүֻѵ˾ͽҪʲô𣿡
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һе͵ӽ˵
ϸߣ˵䣬ô˵˾ͽҲͬգҸյң
տʼС۾СȰ
ٺ٣ҴģҸ˵;û飬ҵõĻϢ֪𣿡
ͽϸߵصΧ˵ر⡣
߸磬˵˵ˣֵ
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߸硱Ŀ˼һ۲ص˵ܿҲ֪ģҾȸ͸¶¡
˾ͽƫԺΧš߸硱һϣӣڵȸ߸翪ڣ
֪Ϊʲôүһ𣿡
ѵʲô鷢ǰ߸类۸ĪүҪԸң
Сɻʵ
үǸĶְ
һһֱû˵˵
ǿ֪үʲôʵ
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߸磬ˣֵǶļ
ǸڶδߴٵǸӡ
ǲµĲ࣬˾ͽξҪԸңҪڰǳΪһǿļ壬ԴԺؾˣĵҵҾȥҹӣﻹûǮҪҴ߸硱޺޵˵
߸磬ǸˮȻûңи¸¥ǸŮӿҲְҿү򲻹ġˮʱ˵ӡĺҪļ֣оĸ׵ˣһ໰Ҳᱻˮնɱ
߸硱˺΢Цмĺһ˵֪үʵǿһ˼һѾ۷壬ʱĸͻƵʼ𡣡
ʣʣʼ˳һ²ž
ʶһôңԶľ밡붼ûľ硣
۷壡
˶ǳһӵҪ֪ˮܡ񡱵ʱҲǺѡ
˵Զôңɼʸ롢˵˵Ļ⡣
ףүү˾ͽ˾ͽԺ˾ͽʱ˾ͽԸ࣡
ãȻûҺүүʧ˾ͽԺˬЦ
˿ɿ𣿡˾ͽüĿѾȵʵͬҲǿޱȡ
үүģʦֺʦ־Կɿʦ״ӣλΪ飬ԺҪչء
˾ͽŵЦЦе׵ռϼϸɤ˸оر졣
úãúøɣֻҪʵȥˣʲôӵУʲôָ˾ͽҽҪġ
˾ͽĿ˾ͽ䡣
˵ʵ˾ͽ˾ͽĿвʲôôΪԸңˮ˺ԶǣŮ˶þӻԵر߸ŮӣеͶͱξժʲôժѵˮˡ
һһ󵨵ŮӴŵͶͱСָ˾ͽĿɣȴտյģһѾ˾ͽֱŤ˲ӡ
ҪˮʬΣҩҺ֪ǶôĲֵһᣬŲһˮҩֻһĻԺѡ
Ǹʱ˾ͽҲҪţֻҪץסͲϧһû뵽ԼܺãԼġǡҩҵһϿأΪŵӡ
˾ͽϲϧѵûᣬ̿Ŭʱټϵҩĺ۷塣
Ҳ֪ԼġֻԼֲʵܽ۷壬ӸĵֻҪͻƵ죬ͿԷʳͿ³Ǹ˵Ҫ־
˾ͽֱ˷ʱļ尾治˹ģرǿŴѽ޵Ůֻܿȴǲܶ޴йζֱ
˾ͽ˾ͽԺ˾ͽ죡
һͷǺ˾ͽһҩҵĵӡʱסȻʵ˾ͽĹŵӵݣ˾ͽ˾ͽԶǺء
ʦ֡ʦ֣
˾ͽߵţ
һֻĴ򿪷ţһߴһȴСһһЦǺǵ˵˾ͽʦܣһһŮ˼ʲôʱҸƷĵġ
ã˾ͽ֪ʦãͬʱһŮ˻ãڳһΪڶ䡣
ߣȥԵ㶫һȥطϲ
˾ͽɫȻһ΢Ц˵
˾ͽ俴ǸڴϲŮӣѩϳݺۡץۡǽһƬҪ廹ڲʱһ˿˭Ϊ˰ɡ


346 ɱˣǿķˮԪҩ
Ե㶫˳Եúܶ࣬һӵĲˣ˾ͽ伸ûôԾͱԵĲˡ
رǸӣǸߴĸܳԣ̻һ㣬治֪ôĶԵˡ
Ķۣϧûˣ
ӻڳԣһ߳Իһߵ˵Ŵֻ
ʦ֣ԱҴȥطԻ㾡ˣұϲ
˾ͽ¶һɲΪ֪Ļ档
극˾ͽλʦϰǴ֣
þûˣо治һ
˾ͽ俴ȻĴ̧֣ͷոп˵
Ǹ˾ͽҵİܼӣϴα˴ĺòң˵ѵˣ֪ǲġ
һͻأ˾ͽĶС
ǵֱĵףһ˲·Żһ㣡
ûüŭһ䣡
ģʱܶ˶ˣǶֱӱˮ߱ˣͨŮŮܼܵŪģܼȴҲûһܼϴ裬ǲô
һͺ۾ССЦ
ѵǶûˣ
̾壡
ϡðġһѪƮɢ
˾ͽɫѾ۷ɱ˻練ƣοڰʤҲǺܶ࣬Ͼû
ŸղŲμ۵ļ˷׷׵ĲҽһʱҺģޱȣ
ɱˣ
ھݴ½ʲôϡ£˾ͽң˾ͽҽ쵱ɱ¾ͷǱѰ
ºܿڽϴ˾ͽΧ˳ʦ⣬ˡ
ʦ֡ʦ֣߰ɣûжԶˣһǾˣԵļƷŮˣԷλʦֵı׼ϲá
ɾڣ
ˮҩˮԪҩѾֻһˣˮ㾡֪ҩҲ׼ҩĵȡ
һͻȥһģˮҪĶ̫ˣĿǰˮص㻹ǷϹǿΡ׷ͨͨҩͶľʱҪ١ɾڣʹҲǱ˵ȫˡ

һöˮְ𣬴ŷˮԪҩѾ֣ʮҩôˮ
Ȳˮֱӳʶ
ˮԪҩ֮չ桢ҡ¶Ϊ˪ͷ¶ųǧڵǧʯӢǧ֥ǧĻƾǻβ㡢С
ˮеĵģչԼУⶫȻϡٵ򵽡
ⶫˮڶο𵤵ҩоⶫҵһ˵ǴһҶģǿԪʮ꣬ϡȱ̶ȱԼֹ֮ӻҪϡȱֻչ⡣
¶Ϊ˪ˮЦЦѾǺɽ֣ͷ¶ҲңͰ¶Ϊ˪һණھݴ½Ӧòȱ١
ųˮˣһͷ۵Ķⶫϡ٣̫ϡˣ˵ųһޣһ㶼ĳᣬԳʵҲԳ䣬ĳǧ꣬ÿһֻ꣬ųǧޡҪⶫСǧ껹ǧ궼ֻӤȭͷСȴ쳣ٶȿ磬Ĳ˵񾭣˻ȥְԵС
ǧڵǧʯӢǧ֥ǧĻƾ⼸ˮȥңȻصˮȥҵֱȥ칬ǿ쵽
ˮ֮ǰǿšҩֵȥҩԣҩѾ˿üҩˣҿ߼ҩģǧϵҩݡ
칬ҩÿ¿ǧҩݣʮκһǧҩݣ֮Կ쵽ҩΪ칬ҩƵ˺١
ˮһǻβٴθоɾֱΪԼģڶѾľˡ
һˮе㾪棬СֵҩȻֻΪһֲϣˮǺܿģϾСǿóġ
ֻҪҵųоǵһʱ䣬ýǻβ̣ȻֻһԣǸңˮоÿζеͷۡ
ڻûа취ƳĴ󻹵ΪԼȱٷβ
ˮЩˣȿˮԪĹЧɣ
ЧʵɣһɵļĽȵİٷ֮һͨӿȪѨ
ˮ㿴ȷûпȻƷĵҩһɼĽȣԼϹǿﵽһ죬ʳˮԪʵӣʮ֮һϣͻƵһһ졣
ˮԾľǸͨӿȪѨǰֺ֮ʱְݴ
к˵ٶȺϹˮ֪ͨѨٶȾԴôǾ޴ġ
Լǿ󣬲֪ԼĵҩǲǻƷˮ֪ôˡ
Ϊ½ҥƷͻƷϵĵҩŻЧֻжپͲˣƷҩݾ˵ûС
ڶ죬ˮҩȥһ칬ҩ⣬ȻԸԳİǧʯӢǧ֥ǧĻƾ쵽Уҿ滹ȡ֣ˮѡѪɫ軨޻
ˮر⣬û뵽󻹵ҩ䣬ֻβǰˮȥҩֻȥǧҩУû뵽Ѫɫ軨޻ǧҩҩݣǧ֣꣬Ѫ軨ޣ
ˮ֪Ҫˣ⼸ˮߣĻͲ׺ºͻһ
ֻǽһûԶˮͿһŮˣǸĪԻ߽ĪԵŮӡ
лܶˣҲŮˣܺÿһ˶н˵ԶĽ
һÿһ׶ζһ׶εлû򻵵Ķ
ˮׯʱûͰǵнʵֵ콣ڣȻǲ׺ºɽڵ飬Լ칬йڵĽ¥ÿһ˶ڱ仯
ˮԼĶ£Զȴͼסжȹǰ˸оܺõŮӣ̬ĮϢˣҲˮֻǵǻĸо
ˮ֪Լֻһ棬һ뿪ټʱ֪ѱʲôˡ


347 γϣǱ̤Ϲ
ˮþûˣ
ˮĪĺ˵һ˿ǺԵЦ⣬ˮرԾ
ǰллϴΰҩ
ˮ֪˵ʲô׵Ļһ䡣
ˣҺܺգЩʵûʲôõģԼҲԣҶоԼˡ
ĪЦЦ˵
һԵЦˣЦݺͣе㲡̬еĮȻĵȴǺܺÿϧĳ嶯
˼ˮĪԸĿĵ칬ɽ߶˶˵ĵطٶȾ㣬˵ĵطٶȿһ㣬羰õĵط˵ĵطʱˮͣ羰һ˵ľҲһӰ졣
ڶ죡

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µ˶Ź㳡ϼϣܿ㳡ѾУӿĵӡϵˣ
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ܿһЩ˵ۡ
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칬ŵеŴΣһʲô飬桢γʽϳʽһһ˫۾˵
ֵܼȻ֪ôֵ֪࣬ʲô𣿡
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ˮһ£ԡڶ̨ϣ
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ҿֱӾǳϰôᣬ칬ĳϰ
ǣǼݺߵˡ
ô͵ϳϣǰ;

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ڶŮӶһƣɫӨƣųݵƣһŮֱӸˮ䡣
ˮǿ֡칬֣
ŮǶһѽųݵİ񽣣潣ޱȣϧܶԵУ񽣵ĳȴǲɵģ˵𡰳в磬ҲݵҪ
ˮѾ칬ĳˣΧÿ򶼾һ
೤ϣԺҪЯСŮӡ
ȥʱˮ˵ֻһ˵̲סԼЦˣȻЦ
ˮԴҲķ٣һе޷ɢңԹ񣬴ʱŮζġ
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ĵһοˮޣرǷںȫ
Ůۿʪرǲ׺£ˮٿԵһ档
£ֲǲˣһ㣡˵޲ɢϯ
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ˮƾڵԭˮı仯ȨҲǱԣˮûпͷϹͺͺģоԼĻǺôһķѪ
һ뵽ȥڹ;ˮоԼѾɵңļӻؼҵͷرǿҡ
û취ڵĻȫͽһεģϧֻܰսٶȥ
ÿûͽϢʱˮʱ䲻䣬ʱˮԼĻϽɾҺͻͨãԲǶʱ俿ŮҲŮ
˷ܣ֪Ϊɾǳ˷ڣ˿̰ˮһ㡣
¹ȥˣڿжȹñʱˣʵԪİ¾;һ룬ٶߺܶࡣ
ʮͿԵϳǣˮƹȥˮ֪׺ȥһ¸ĸ
µʱˮϹǿͻƵһһ죬һǶ壬ܿͻͻƵһ졣
ˮĵͻһ죬ۺʵȻӰٷ֮һ︽ӵģˮٷ֮һοٶȡȫİٷ֮һ
Ϲǿı̬ˮڶٸе棡
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ˮʡһʱ䣬һ¶Ե˿ǣӲ˿ǵֻҪʱ䡣
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׺ϰ㣬׺̲סʧʹǰǸĸ飬һ֪ʲôǼįļį


348 ϳǣǱ죬ȥ޹
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ԼҲǺļˮˮʲô⣬Լ˵ģ˾ͻᷢ޴ı仯Լ顣
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ŮǸƷŮˡ
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޹ʶѾе㱣Ĳһ֮ûɱټһ˫
˫Լɣǰ衭սѾʼˣҵѾ޹һ˿ѵʶ嵭ֻʣ漱ٵĴϢ˼žžײ
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ĥڻʹָͥоѣһǽ壡
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Ҳ˫ӣǸˣ
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ҽ޹ģҲҪ˫Լӡ
۹ˣԼԡУõԼ࣬Ҫ֤ԼǸɾģһİȥԡضȾɺ졣
һʱҹˣȴǺܿ챻˾ͽҽܣս¥Ϊ˾ͽҵĲҵ
˾ͽҵĸߵͷѾðǵĴ忴һЩͷҹӵ飬һðѹһ㡣
Ҫ֪ҹԽڵȶ˭£ǵһЩҲ֪ҹӱ˿£˾ͽҸ飬ѵ˾ͽ˳Խﵽʼ֡ǰ߾ǲ˿ˣ
ָԶңңĲ˿ǿĵ˵š
һ²ͣıڽͿԸϵ˿ˣһ¶ʱ䲻ͣĴ칬ϵ˿ǣ⻹ŷޣˮһٶȿڿֹڻٶǽ޷ġ


349 㣬ĺ㣬ÿ춼㣡
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˫һźֻм֣㷢⣬ԶҪмǣмǣ
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˾ͽζ˵˭ܿĿģҪֱ֪̬ɫŮ˵ʤһУ
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ǸòŮӣеõõĶдһ˫ţȻļȫʧ
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СӰԶվһ˴ԼõıӰ
ˮźþûһҶ
ˮһҶʱоʲôͷˮһչһЦ绪ɡ

֪ʲôʱȴˮ˹۵ӲԶöĴ
ˮһѱĵЦ
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룬ÿ춼룬Ҳģ
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ˮҲʮ꣬ǰͽʮˣﵽʾ磬ϲɽһЩʣˮʱ˵ӡܳȣ˺׵ĺ䡣ԼʹŮҲΪ֡
Ѿͷô֪Щģ
ˮܺ棬ϾôСӡ
˵ģһר׵ģģ
൱϶˵
תһᣬһһĳܰĳˮüηϾһԼһŮף벻˼ǲܵġ
ˮûлԼסػˮȥ
ᳵ·ˮԺУǷ⣬һӰˮĿࡣ
ˮ߽һ߹ʲôˮ˲䣬·Ӧˮ࣬ˮ뵽Ҳ˫޵ЧղŵһҶ裬ˮֻ뵽ĸӦ츳
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ıˮĲӣĽ˽ˮģһ󵭵㴫ˮӡ
㣬ĺ㣬ÿ춼㣡
һ
ˮ§޵СŮˣĻżഥ꣡


350 ˮִ콣ڣ˫ص
ûе˵ˮѾԸе촽ϣҰ˱
Ļţ˫ۣСˮͷš׷ţĶ֪ôˮ
˫ִϸ̻֫ͦԲĽϣԵͬʱʹļѹԼ
ˮ޲ðԵӡ䣬ǰɽ֮Ħš
ˮȥ䣡
ˮһѺᱧ߿ҵţ
ĴϣɫıɢޱȵջˮʱѱȼĽѸ⡣
˫ǲ·ϸţţرѩŮУܣҰ˱Ūš͸ղŴ·оر
ˮʹ˱УĵĽģߴӵĿˮյ壬ˮԼͦһޱȵˬ

峺еģеɬ;ǿںˮʱ¶ֻгŮӵôһڴ
ڴڴʲô
ˮҲеɻ
ˮ
ഭϢ˵
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352 ģɱɱ
ԵǸ˫Ѿ֪һУҪ˾ͽһǻԼɱýߵİġ
һߵʱɻ˫Ѿ֪СӾǿһһγ֧ɻϣҲҪˣȻԼûһϣ
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353 ˮĴ㣬ĺһ㡢ֺһ
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˫˵̧޺˫ۣˮ˵ƣʱô
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߻ԿĿԼ˾ͽ䣬һ˼ʣµһȻѾģǿԸо

۷
۷Ȼˡ˾ͽ˾ͽҲΪ˾ͽоʲôΪں֪˭ģҲʶء
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354 ˾ͽҵʧյҹ
˶뽩ֱ״̬

˾ͽֱ⼸м䣬һʱҽ
ףô죬һǲŹˣô죬ǾԲŹˡ
˵ĺܶԣһ·ȴڸģ
ʱһˮ˫߽ˮŵĽϻڵѪ
˾ͽΨһһ˾ͽҲѾɱ
ˮ˾ͽ˾ͽԵ˵
˾ͽ쿴ˮһʱ˼ǧ뵽һοˮ͵ˮׯȶո¶ͷǣٵڰǵ飬ԡ۷塱նɱλߣǴﵽһĸ߶ȡ
ЦЦЦԼ˶ˣһֻǾݴ½绪
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ʱ򣬿һֻ޴Ļȼ¾޴ĳ½ӿе²ʮˡ

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ЩһЩʷҲԿԶԡڡ޲İֻ֪ڡ޿۷ޣ΢츳һľʼޡ
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Ӧþ˾ͽ˵ġүүɣ
µҲ˵ʲôˣǲŹ˾ͽң˾ͽҲǵϧְɣ
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˾ͽѾӰǳʧˣһҹ֮䣬˾ͽҵĲҵȫϷϡ
˫ҹǲɢһѻ˸⣬ǳһҹΧʮﶼǸʵĻ档
˾ͽҵʧ˵ۣȴֳƿľӶ࣡
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һ˾ͽ˸ǿֻҪϵĲ˭ֱȥٰ裬ٻлȥġ
ڶԷǿ˶ǸŭԣʹǱŮļҲˣΪӻҪҪΪĺӿǣҲеӣ䵽³ޱȡ
ںˣ˾ͽҳʧˣһ˶ƿɢĸоǵҲָů
ˮҲٴ֮ǰġӡ貣ǰһҫ۵飬Ϊھݴ½ȡȨ
ݴ½ɺҵ£۴һݣСһׯֻҪдׯһɢԣôׯһҫ۵ǳ˾Ǵׯػˣׯε˾ͺׯϵһһʹ
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ڵˮѾͰǽܵϵ˭ڰôҪˮ˵Ĵڡ
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Ҫϣĸ׸Լ˵¸¥ģرΪȷе˵ΪԼϧһС
ˮܸжĺܸжŮԼεºΪԼȻԼǾŮԼҲǺԼе㲻֪ٶһε飬ʵȥȴǴԼһҡ
һжΪԼԼ飡
ٿԶŸԵÿһ˶Ŭ棬ôһִšˮЦˡ
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ܿһӰԶѸһķŵĲӰҲǻڡٶϵĽ


355 £籾ûйƽ
౴ٿĵĶˮǰ౴ԶһСãûܴˮС

ХһˮԶĻȻȻܴ󣬵ҪСܶ࣬ڳ»ëһŻ档
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ÿ׷ĲͬҲͬ˭˵Լԣ˴ʵᣬ׷Ǯʲô
ŮϲǮ˸ǮˣŮϲգ˸СŮ˵˸ܸǿˣŮ˲֪ܱ߳˰أ㱧Թһ˵ϵһһҲ߱
Σ˼ҵõ˼ҪģڵõԼҪĶʱҸģοƾʲô˵˼Ҿϲ˵Ǯ˵ϲ׬Ǯ׬ǮʱֶԼ¶š
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ԼʲôΪллԼŮԼҲãǰԼҲգ֮ԼԵɣ
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ɾʱҲ֣ˮ׷ϻѵʱܶ࣬ҲŻнСɾ硣
ˮѡ׷ȭУУУˮǰԼϹǿУçţһ
ޣ
֣

ˮ̫ȭϻѵʱѾǺܶˣޣĹˮоֵûʱϰ
ɫڵĴɾˮѹԼƺϹɫ
ˮһжǺϹǿϵһˮζһʱϹǿϡ
Ҳ֪ٱ̫ȭȻǽçţ׷ʯϵһЩϢںϽȥģͬʱһܴĺô
ˮϹǿ£ֻҪںϾͻֽںϲӣһֽڣһˮֻҪںϾܽںҲǿģˮԼںǳĺá
мˮҲʱ䣬˾ȥԵ㶫˾˯һᣬʱ䵽ͻᱻ߳ȥ
ɾˮû˯ڷ΢ϢΪٹӲʱҪȥɾˡ
ˮ϶ȥ¸¥һôʱûϰķһЩ飬ˮޱȡ


358 ͨСɣšڹءٺ
ˮоʱΣܾˣɴٴδɾȥɣˮŬԼȥ¸¥ԼǰĻõĳ
ҹ˾ˮʶչ΢΢۾رˮֻгŻᷢԼʶرǿ
һͣˮһ㶣ΪˮڡɻˮЦ⺩Ǻǿҵ
صĴϢʵӰ컵龰̼ˮڸ̲סˮȥ¸¥
ˮķ¸¥ķֻмףԺʱ¸¥һԱߵС˯𣬺ƻһĿɰСرÿ
ˮ¸¥ʱˣҹ˾һɫڴշת࣬ߡ
ˮ֪¸¥˯˻һֱû˯Լ˵ԼţڶѾҹˣѵڵԼ
ˮһνȥһʱͰҹˣǲ̫ˣ
ˮ߳䣬¸¥ķ䣬ղŸܵĻٴεȼеŻ𣬱֮ղŸң
ˮһ¸¥ķţӦ
ҩߵһ㣬οҲû˸ߣˮǸоŲӦڵԼ
ˮƿ¸¥ĿһײˮĻǿңϲŴʱĿ¶ܻӭŮȥ
ˮ˵ҲΪʱնһ컵
İ¸¥ӴϱԱ߿Сѣˮɲڳ̫Ķ
ˮŴ˯ȴӯ¸¥һ˯Ҳܸܵ΢ȵĴ͵㡣
¸¥ֻѩۻסˮĲӣĿӣܰĸоرǿңһϽڡ
֪ʲôʱˮס¸¥촽߽ĿĴϣıɢ㣬¸¥ϵζһģһ
ȥ
ˮ¸¥壬ִʱǷģˮһѺֱӽ⣬棬оر̼
ˮٵĶţŽߵʥׯŮգʱɢ˷ˣ־ǿĿˮˮоܡ
̴з΢ѹȴȻĽˮһԼͦɽɽ²Ƕ˵ͻȴǸպòˮؿڣֵرϴ˿Ҳ顣
š
¸¥ܿ췢һ˿ٵĵֻҲƽıסˮĲӣˮ۱ʹ
ͻȻˮ¸¥ϳһɫΣȻ̵ܶ˶ĺҪһ˲ĸо̫ˡ
ͻˣ
¸¥˼Ŀˮ
ˮԼϹǿһ켴һ죬ǰһ졣
ͻƺ˫޹ǿ
ˮѾʵʱڳԾԼϾǰҲ֪ӦǾϲΪʲôֻһŰ֮õСͻˡ
£㾡ˣһûأ
ˮ˵ٴηѹһ޳ȡһβûٳʵֵֻֻܵ
ˮĺ¸¥֪һһʥׯе㴫ͳŮޱȡ
رˮԼ䣬ҡ꣬Ƿѩ׵ɬǰײˮġʱˮ
ˮҺÿ֣Ҵûôֹ
¸¥ˮ˵
Ҳ֣ܿûˣƽʱûҡ
ˮǷβĸš
ˣҲ˵
¸¥۾ˮǰҸλá
ˮֱһµҵȷλһ뵽˸ղһֱеĻ
ţ
˵˵˵һΣ
ˮ˵ʹһֱӵ
˵𶯣㣬ÿ춼㡭һֱ¸¥˯£ˮ뿪صԼˮŽɾ
ͨ
ˮһϹǿʼͨѨһˣˮ൱˲꣬ȴһֱͻƲСɣ
ˮѾܵ˻ͨǸѨ
ϲȱĺͺģѾʱҲˣѾͻ˫޹ԼľõղϹǿҲͻһ죬ͨ᲻ͻƵСɽ׶Ρ
ˮɾһһĹȥʵÿ춼ڻţոյõ޴ĺôˮԼֻϰϹǿͨ
첲šڹءٺѨѾ΢תһ㣡
ˮ֪Ҫͻˣͻǰĸо
ˮںܼȻͨ
ۣ
ˮоһ˲šڹءٺз·ﵽޣĳЩͨһ㣬һɾС
ֱ۷·˼޴ؽһ㣡
ͨѨĺôԼͨѾСˣ
ˮһȭŴͨѨĺô첲ϵͨѨĺôǾ޴ģÿһѨһ㣬һʣضѹϣмܶһ֧ǾͿԳסԭ
ˮԵĸо˫۵Ĺȶ΢ı仯ʵ٣ϾѨֱϵĴѨˡ
ѵͨͨͨѨǳһѨĴѨ
Сɾ磬Ҫʱ䣬ԽܣȻԼɾˮѧȱ˶ܶĶһԱȱĸá
ȻúһСͨĸоر𲻴ͨѨˮϿһƬӹա
ϧֻ֣ͨͨԲҲֻܽ˫ۺ˫ϵһЩѨͨһ޵ļܰ˫ϵѨȫͨǲǿ硰׶ޡٶȺ͵ء
ĺüͨѨرǵҩˮԤУԼԺƳĵҩпܶͨѨܡ
ˮر
ʱ䣬ˮͨѨ˸˽⣬Լ֪ܴͨһ˸ѨرؿڵѨٻѨѨ絤ﴦѨһͨǿ󽫻˵ʵѸ൱ġͼ͡ٻѨĴͨ棬ٶȷˮопЩžΪеĳЩѨͨ˵ԭ
ɾѾʱˣˮϵԺʱּˣ˾Ҳڡ
ˮ׼õġ񵤡ȥʱܲ٣ÿ˸һƿ㹻µķ
ɾļֹӣҪ֮࣬ÿӷֵţϾϴмѾԹˡ
Ѳ֮ʱ཭ˣʱѡ̫ȭͻΡ
ˮоͻǸұ̫ˣʵиһ£һһڶĪĺô񽭺еĴӣһζӲƫƫܣһС滺һ£Ҳ̼ݣǧ̻֮Ѩ
οˮоָԵԴٽڵľȣ̫ȭǵʶ⾳Ҫ


359 ʦװǰݶƵ˼
ˮҲÿ춼Ǵ̫ȭҪ⾳컹ҪչؿҪֵþ񵤵Ч
ҵ򸾡ຣ򸾡ϣ
Դˮ˾ͽҲƽ˾䲻ڰԺյ˶ǴŹǰҡ
Щ˺ܶ඼ڹؼʱ̷ҵˣȴǺƤǰ׽ˮڷںǵյȫա
ˮףЩ޷ǾӣʾҹϵܽоʾãҷǿǺϣǵʲô鷳ȻҲûָһаǴôһ㡣
ûԶҲûԶĵˣֻ档֮ԲΪѵĴ۲ߡ
ˮһδεľ¹ҲһЩ΢ı仯ˮ̸ЦɵӦЩ̻һЩˡ
˭ҲǺֻ߹ѣˮռλǵĵ̬ʾ޷ǾϣڰܸͷչȻǵ͹ʱԮǾ͸ˡ
ˮûЩˣ԰ﲻ̫ԲԼڱôԼˮν˻̫˵Ŀ̫ˣֻҪԼԼϿɾͺãûҪȫ⣬Ҳûȫ⡣
ʱ֣һλĿˣʦҵʦװһݣˮδޡ
׵òȻһʿװ͹µɢ˳嶯Į΢̵Ը촽ɢһ޵ζ
ɫ޵Ůӣ
ˮӵһμʱָоûиı䣬·ǵˮһ㣬Զô֮䷢һ
Դϴ콣ڼһκһֱûмû뵽Ҳˣֻǲ֪ʲôʱġ
ˮĵſվˣ
ʲôʱģ
ˮ߹ȥȻסʵ
С΢ϸ壬޹ǣȻˮĶޱȡˮµĺۼ࣬Ҫˮ΢ĸоһʼڵһжôãȻҲ˾ͽ
ʦװûʲôˮסԼֻ֣ĿˮҪˮ͸һ㡣
ұÿû
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㲻ÿҲ̸ѿֻǲ֪ΪʲôôŮ˻ϲ㡣
ʦװбˮһһ㲻˵
ˮȴһŮζŪеƮƤЦ佱ˡϲϲң
һˮԼе֪Լʦװֶе
ʦװҲû뵽ȻôںԼĸܣ뵽һμˮǰˮһӵģ˵ϲøж̸ϡ
ֱڰǷһϵе飬ԼӶռȥһˮӰѾһ㣬ûһ첻ȴֺܸӵ롣
ܿգͦˮоԼûѡˮסȻܣоԼ̸϶ˮİ
һֱ콣ڼˮһαȶΪԼҪˣӣ֪ʲôʱѾΪ˵ˮٴγ֣Ĺػ͹ذܿģָоرе
ڻص֪ˮŸհ۷ɱǰ˾ͽһֻΪһŮˣȻҵء
ҪʵǼٻ
ʦװѵõ΢Цһ£Ŵ˿е΢΢ŵˮ
ˣһǲˣ㰮ٸҰɣߣȥ
ˮǺЦȥ
㲻±Ů˿𣿡
ʦװˮɻʵ
ˮЦˣҵδޣʲô֣ҺȥǰҲӦõģ˵ء
ʦװûˮȻŴʱ̸ЦǰԼǰеŲĻǰ˵ĻûôɸղԵĽţԼղҪشⶼܾΪǸ𰸡
ʲôǰ飬ʲô顣
ʦװˮ˵ָޡ
ˮȴЦЦû˵Щ绰ͦϾѾûڱʲôԼ֪ҪȥǷϲԼ
ǰǣ֡ˮоشе㲻ô£˵ֺֻ䳡ˮⷽû츳
Сӣķǣ
ʦװȴЦˡ
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ˮʦװЦˣ֪ˡ
Ȼʦװбˮһۣɰˮһۣ
ˮʵҺܵģĺܵģ
ʦװˮһҡ
㵣ʲô
ˮ꣬ûԷ˵
װ
΢Ц˹
̣
ʦװЦŵ£
ʦװˣˮүڿȥɣ
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ˮЦŴһ
ˮЦĸ׺ʦװıӰʧŴȥ
һĴţͿݶ̫ʦϣһ̸Ǣ
ˮݶվ΢Цſˮ
үӣþòˣ
ʱ䳤ûô裬ߵʱˮݶչңݶҲȻͬ⣬ֱҵ¸¥죬ҵʵʱоҵѾˣ˵¸¥һ޿ˮѾ㹻ˡ
ˮһݶƾ֪ˣͦأҲ֪ǸµģˮоݶӦøϵˣԷûҪȻ۷ɱ練ơ
Ǻþòˣˮ죬ϲɺذ
ݶƿˮĿ
ԱߵҲЦݣҽȣ˶ǿҵԽУ֮ԻΪһˮ
ˮЦ߹ȥѸٵݶظʮ£ĵ죬ݶƱе԰׵ɫҲ
ˮʱѾе͸
үӣЪϢգ˾ͻȬ
ˮ΢Ц˵
лˣͷң
ݶȻ˵ȴԸźǵûкƤˮݺߵһھԼƤٺҲ˵ڡ
ںԼŮһ𣬽ݼҲͻᷢı仯ϧԼҵԵжϵһ졣
ݶﵹҲûʲô飬ҪֵĿĺȷϣҺݼҵĹϵϣ涼ϵ˫߶߶
ݶƸᵽݺӣ˵ݼңһԼ˵ݺˮûо˵ʲôҲûҪʲô
뿴ˮ̬ȣݺӻûпܣֻǸˮֻ뿴ˮǷ񻹶ԼŮ˼ڻûϣֻܿˡ
ݶƻûжˮģ


360 ϵŮ˿ǻۺ
ݶߺˮԺĸ׺ʦװˮߵʯ̸ЦȲ裬ĸ׺ʦװӰˮоرãоرЭ
ˮǺԼĸһʦװûƽʱô䣬һ㵭΢Цرˡ
ˮıԣһѾҪҪԼĸһˮ⡣
ˮóʱûпҩеĳȻǺڹ꣬ǰҪࡣ
װʲôأôģ
ˮʵʯϲŲǰѲ豭ӵ߷ĲҶζ¡
Сʱ飡
ʦװĿЦĿˮ¶ķˮȻƽʱɲġ
СʱСʱʲôĵġ
ˮǺЦ
˵СʱͺܴҲܺǿʲôҲ˵ĵףСʱͳر
ˮЦ£ָԼҲһ裡
ˮúװ˵˵ȥ㷹һԷ
ЦЦվ˵
̣Ұɣ
ʦװе˵
ãã˻أˮ˵˵Ҳú˽Сӡ
æ˵΢Ц뿪ˡ
ʦװĿ뿪󣬲Żԭλϣˮ棬ֿɼλá
Ͱ̵ĸĽ
ʦװˮ˼
ˮʦװĸĸǰʦҵ龰оʦװĸĸ֮еҡ
ǰĸ״Сģһ˰ôף
ʦװ΢ЦˮĻ뵽ˮ˵ĸҪģԺϲŮˣҲǲܺĸᲢۡ
ʦװЦЦĿһֱû뿪ˮˮڵƤѾ൱ˣĿעе㲻Ȼ
Ŷˣղ˵ʲôõģ㵣ʲô
ˮʱ̸Ϊĸ׵ļʦװûлشԼ
ʦװԥһ²˵һ쿴ңǣ
ˮͷĻеԺɻĿʦװʵе㲻
ԺŮԽԽ࣬ΪעܳҵݣոݣҵܿͻֳŮˣ㵽ʱ߲ȱٻòŮˡ
ʦװһûüȻ΢ЦĿˮ
ˮЦҡҡͷװΪŮסĵֻ𡣡
ȻǣòһɺԵã˵أ
ʦװٵ˵ţˮҡҡͷ֪лҪ˵
ȻҪƿһŮֻܶݵĵõ˵ĳ谮һʱһƿʸʧȥӦԺͻƿһ¾ˡ
ˮЦʦװ˵
㿴о˵˵ͦġ
ʦװرȤ
ûо飬;˵˵ģ
ˮЦţԼǰС˵ܶ࣬ԼѧĶҰ˵Ĳ٣óһЩˣûоŮӻǺ׵ġߣ˵ȻҪˣ
ʦװ
úá˵˵Ĳɱ𷴲Щ˵ġ
ˮٺٵЦ
˵û˵ж
ʦװԼ豭ϡ
ʵŮ˻һֶԺòͬҪòҪʣⶫһ־һƣʱԽԽǴ㣬µŮ˿ޣеŮ˿գϵŮ˿ǻۺʡ
ˮЦźҲǺˮ鼮ۡ
ʦװü΢ˮЦܲȷе˵һ𣿡
ָȶĸԼȡԸʡ󷽵ˣֳһִϻ۵ʣԸʡĶţ¶߽ʣԸˬֱŵˣʶΪԸº͡ׯΪ񾲡۴ϻ߽ۡ࣬Ǵ񾲣ܲһС෴黬°Ƨήҵʡ
ˮǰԼ佱˶ǿмµĶ˵
һ˵ҪеʣʶͬԺԶһڵ˸
ǸȼŮأ
ʦװȤȤʵ
ʣ
һˮɲʦװһʳ˵
Ŷ
ʦװЦˣЦеˮ顣
ʲôʣ
ǡޱ˪ˡסššӺݡˮֱӰһҲǲʵ˵˳
㶼ôŮӵ𡣡
ʦװЦҲˮһο˿ĵһ棬׵ı
ûУ˵Ķģ
˵ֻҪŮǲǾͿ԰סһ˵ˣ
ʦװʱſˣֻǰŷһϵ˵Щ
ǵһʵһЩԭ򣬾ЩƽգһһޣΪʲôǰ׷Բ˿ôѵֻЩǮ˲֪òŮ˺桭ЩûǮ˾Ͳ֪𣿡
ʦװˮһۣˮ˵ףȻˣĿ϶ûǸˣҪôһЩǿƺŮˡˮû뵽ʦװȻȫſǰӦôҲ˵ģ
ʵ㻹һ㣬ǺӣΪ˵Ůһĸо罺ĸоֻ굽꣬Ժͻϰìܣ˺Ӽǰʮʮĸ飬鱻Ӵʹɫ˥ʱ򣬰鼴ʹڣôʱһİϺӻתѪŨˮ顣
ʦװˮĻ˼ȻĿˮ֪࣬ЩҲûоΪʲô˵ĺġ
˵ġʦװرȻţҲûзҲ֪ôֻûİˮһۡ
ôˣȥ𣿡
ˮԼؼһ©ˡ
ȥˣʦ˵ҺͷԵ˵ʲôԼڷҲ̤ţѰԵ
ʦװеεЦЦ
Ŷúã
˵ʲôأ˻úãҵΪܽȶĺóʱأ
ʦװ̲סˮһ䡣
˵ҾĻԵǻԵ
ˮ뵽˺ʦװõ塣
ʦװͬˮǸԵ̲ס糺죬ˮζŴѾʣˮȽȽ
ˮԾסʦװ裬оԷһˮŷԼѾס˶Է֡
ˮûɿʳָʦװĹ˹Σһ˿ĸо
еܰеĶһ˵ĸо
ߣȥԷɣϲס£ҾĴﵽ죬ѾǺ۷壬꣬ұ֤ﵽ졣
ˮٵ˵꣬ɲԼǰʲôͼ
ģʱܵ죿
ڶ⻰ˣŵģˮٶҲͲԾˡ
Ȼҵ˸֤
ˮ˵
Ҳ˸񣡡
ʦװҧҧ˵
ˮƵĿʦװֹӲʵѵ㲻ŵ飿


361 ׻ʯϿٻ콣
ˮ˵ʵϴ㲻ûбİ취Ϊҽҩ
ʦװˮ൱ʵ
ˮͷһô뵽⼸ǰˣ۽ôԼǺѾǸϵ仰ʲô˼˵Ӧ֪ԼܽĴҩ
УҲôһһǻô
ˮһ£ʦװ˵
Ϊʲô
ʦװƽʵ𰸣ˮĻشͦģΪˮ̹ϡ
Ϊӵ㣬ׯһοʱʵ뷨
ˮЦĺ档
ʦװȻû˵ʲôˮǴϿҪĴ𰸣
һһ١Բ¿ʦװֿ˫ǿ¸¥Լû뵽ѾŮˡ
ͨ飬˫ʱİȸѾԼȥˣˮ㵽ʱһԼĻ콣ڡ
ˮѡ񵤡㣬һܺ˫̤ǰ콣ڣô˵ϴֻ콣ڴһͰﾭγкûС
ҩ⼸죬˫ûǰôͳֻǺԵĿԸоܼįǱʶİԼų⣬ϲһ˷
ˮԼںѴǰŵȴ࣬ˮܣ޷ֵ
˫ȥԵ㶫ɣ
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ţ
ˮ̧ͷӦһ
ǣ
ǲ˿һǣӳǣڲ˿ҲһǣӳǻҪʤһҰǧ൱ԣ
ˮ˫̤ʯϣֵȫôʯͷ̳ɣһͷˮڶѾӦˣǰֻпԿ󲻳
Ĵ·ߵĽ棬Ҫխܶ࣬ߵ̡ޱȡ
챦ȫһˣ˾ûˣ
һɤرд͸
ˮ￴һۣΧ۵˲Ǻܶ࣬һ۾΢С͸¶վڻ̯ߺš
̯϶ӣֻǶֿƵ֣˿һ۾ͻ뿪ˮһȴǱסˡ
׻ʯ
ǿʯ
ˮһİɫʯͷһֻ׻ۼȻˮֻһۣǸоǰ׻ʯǿǿõʯͷ
˫ȥǿ
ˮס˫Ż̯ȥ
߽Ժˮſְ׻ʯȻʮ飡
ֵܣ㿴һһܱ˵ģЩδ½ʱӺĵطѼġ
һˮЩʯͷȤС۾ľڵˮ˵
ˮģְֻ׻ʯһʯͷʯֻ࣬ȭͷСİ׻ʯС
ţ
ˮԵĸоһɵ
ˮһ׻ʯͬҲܵеȻһ鲻ǰ׻ʯһ飬һûиܵе
ѵǰ׻ʯǿһɫ״ʨһʯͷһˮҲܵеһ׻ʯϲ˺ܶࡣ
ֵܣڵĺʨӣϵĺʯɽڼбаЧ
ϰ壬ʯͷ
ˮָָ׻ʯĵʵ
ǰ׻ʯݵİ׻£ⶫƲ󣬵ҲⶫǴȻġ
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׻ʯȫҪ˿ɲԱ˵㣿
ϰСһתЦֵܣⶫұûʲô׬ͷʶȻˣҾǱ˵ҲûҪʶˣҾҲҪģ˵أ
ɣҰ⼸׻ʯˣǸʨӸҵͷɣ
ˮ΢ЦĿϰ塣
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Ĳֲݻȴ˸оܵţ
ͿԵˣʦ˵ȥǾģҩʲôҲ㲻ϡ
һʮŶһͬʮľװ˵
ǰ˾ͽСʦܱʦΪŵӣǲʣԺǰ;
װ۵˵
Сʦ˵ȥתתŮ
һʼٺЦ

ٺٵûЦֱӱһӹᴩ̫Ѩ
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װӲмĺһ
֪

װӱˮһȭ򣬷һҽУԹĿˮһ۵ͷ
ˮǮͺ˫뿪ˣˮûԼ֪һѻҩңܲܲ鵽ԼͿǵˡ
ϿݳݳǿһҩϿһָǿһ壬һҩҶǻǰ߼Ӹϣ˵Ͽҩҵϵ
ϿҩǿҩҲϿǿһ¥ˮǾ仰þװرмҪ֪ҩҲͦġ
ٶȴԺܿ͵콣ڣĸ˵࣬ϣܶչ˫
Ȼˮ֪չ˫е㲻ƽ
֮һ𽵹˽ʱ
ˮĵ˫޹ʵҲͻ˰ıϴﵽ߼ʵϲޱȣֱӱˮһηҡڡ
ˮϹǿҲһ۷壬ʵˮ˷ܲѣ֮Ҳû֮ǰЧ
ѵҪҸŮ˫ޡʵǺջ˵ģˮԼ뷨Ǳʶų⡣
ˮϣѩ׵ĽˮĦţ˿һѩˮؿڼѹš
ˮһΡ˵ſڴϽѩ׻Բβ߸
ˮǷϸţôһջƣ̲סʵСŮˣôô飡
֪ܿҪ뿪ˡˮȥһΰﾭγүӱ𵱳Ҫ׳ˮ˫ޱȣѾˮʲôΪȻˮЦվûһɢﾭγоˮɽﻹҪǿ
Ѿ۷ˣʡˮʵдʵ˵ľڱ仯ˮǰŵ̬εԽоôɲ⡣
ˮٴ壬ô˵ϴζûüһҶһ
̤ʯףӳһѩµһҶ裬ˮٿŮ
Ľͬһֳ׵ζ


362 ֮ǧң
ˮվԶĿһҶ̤׷һ㣬һѩ׵һȾϣ˵ĳ׺Ͳʳ̻
һʱھĿˮһЦһλǺܿ𡣡
ˮЦĵͷǰŮ仰˼ԣϴεĲ𣬵Զ˵仰ʵڱԹ
أ
ˮûпСѾͷ
ȥɽ˰ɣ
Ŷһɽϻ᲻ƣ
ˮΧҲԣˮһǸƮˮִǶǺ
ϰˣҸоܺãϰҲνˡ
һҶ迴ôҲû뵽ߵָ߶ȵӡ
ʦɲһɢɢģ
ˮɢ국˵
һҶˮʦĻûɻĿˮ

ˮõĻӦ
Ըɣ
ˮ΢Ц֣һҶûйʲôµ뷨һƽ֡
һҶ農Ĵˮ˫峺ӻô峺ȴѾһ˿ɣµĺۼ
ˣ
ѩ޳ַˮϣ
ˮסֵֻ˲䣬еһ˿ĪĸоǰŮʦѣԼҪת۵Ůˡ
վڻϣˮ֪ô¾ôһֱһҶ֣һҶȴǵЦſԶûҲûлӦ
ˮӾԼһλ֪һվԼԣǣ֡顢ڽ
ʦһԼ̤ݴ½úɽ𣿡
ˮԱ紵·Ҫڿնȥӡ
ô̤úɽʵҲҪ飬鲻ÿʲôһ˵أ
һҶ˵֪ˮҲ֪ˮ֪Լ
ǰһҰˣ᲻ȥݴ½úɽء
ˮѾ¶Ҫʨ롣
һҶһȴ̸˿ҡҡͷЦˣѾˣлл㡣
㵣
ˮ˵
֪ʨǿ𣿡
һҶ迴ˮȴЦˡ
һЦͬԫһĳأ¡
֪۶ԷжôǿֻҪԸҾͿֻҪһЩʱ䣬ҿԸ㱣֤ʮ꣬ʮ꣬ҪȥƽʨҲſ԰쵽
ˮᶨ˵
һҶŽ߼ʹ˵ñ˸о֪񡱵ĻﵫȴԼоǵûһâ¶ҪԼѾĻ
ʨĴڣʵһһΪǵĺ蹵˵ҪͻƵʵҪһرʲôҲ֪֪һͻʵ޷ģԷݵأ۷ǰө֮µ𡣡
ֻҪԸ⣬Ҿң
ˮ΢΢
ˮͳװһյҩƿˮѾڸղ뿪ʱˣ
Ҫˣʱ㣬ʲôȥҡ
ţ
嶥£
ˮǲǿҪ׼ȥˣ
һҶˮҪ뿪ʱͻȻʵ
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ڿܰﲻæˣ
Ѿæˡ
ģڣûκ⣬һ취ġ
ˮ콣ڴֻа첻뿪ˣ
Ͻɾ
ʼÿһϹǿѾһ۷壬оϹתǿһ㣬Ͼÿһνȶǰٷ֮һǿԼʵչٷ֮һǱȣǵҩġ
ǧ

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ʱˮһʩչǧһˮоܺãָоô˵徳Ļһ
ţ
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ˮƲһչˮκζֻǽٶȷÿһԼҪָо
һûκƿ֮ƽƽ浫ȴǺɽ
ԣ
޴ˮһ㣡
ͻˣ
ȻǧͻƵ֮ˣ
ˮ촸š
ԴӽǧԲһֱͣͲǰû뵽Ȼͻˣ֮ϲ
ѵΪ¸¥ѾĻõԭ򣿡
ˮоԼ뷨
ţ׻ʯ
ˮ뵽컨ǧļʯͷҲа׻ʯˮǲȷ׻ʯǷĿǿ֮
ˮԵ㶫ϴ裬Ϊʱֵ˸óȥʱ򣬻ͷ֮ѾȫʢǵڶĻǶҲˣҪʢҪʵʱ佫ʱ䡣
ϵĹʱˮˣ
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ѵңʮԪң
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֪ʲôʱݶѾ뿪
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ݺӿĵߵˮߣĶˮš
ÿ˻ѿˡ
ˮ濴ԼݺЦˣڵݺرɰֿɰŵĹػֳֻׯŮ˲
ˡ
ˮû仰ҭɬĿݺӣ
ˮݺЦˣóˣζˣ
⼸껹ðɣ
ݺקקˮһͤȥ
ãأ⼸궼æʲô
ˮݺӱ߱ġ
Ҹүү꣬ȻУʲУͻƵļʺС
ݺеɬ˵š
ģĲұ֤㵽컹еյģһʱ䡣
ˮóһЩ񵤡
ôʱˮ˲٣ˮһ˶üʮʹá
صҶѾˣһԴˮֺһֱֺģˮÿһ㶼ǣ˵ġ
ʦװûסˮס¸¥ˮرϲǼңˮʶļҾ͸ӣ


363 һζ仯¼ס
ʱƽֽжȹתۼʱȥˣʱȻˮ˵仯ܴ
ʱ任ˮɾʱǶʮ֮ãҲˮӵɾƣʹ½õľЧҪá
ɾУ
ˮתϹǿǰոͻƵһһʮ죬ĿϹǿǰƽʮ죬ֻϾ˶ʮһлӣɲһСĿһСԱġҩûڷչǱԶӵʱһ
ˮʱӾͲͬȻһԺٷʳҩͿԶһʵġеġ
ҩı׶ˣǿϵģԼǧҩһӿҩԣÿһֵҩͬȼҩʳͻʧȥãصͬһֵȼĵҩ࿹
ʳƷһҩС࣬صĿҩԣԺǷʳƷһҩԼƷһһµҩͻʧȥá
ʱ䣬ˮһֱڵһ£ҩҵǰʹˮǷĲ¡
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Į֪ʱѾŷ绪ʱˮоʲôܲסʱĿ飬Ҳסľı仯
ʱǨ׺ɣ
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һ̵ˮоһɽһߣ֪Ů˼ʲô
ʱˮ̲סԼģԼǰļŮһѾ汲ոˣΪʲôԼҪĴ
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ˮ֪ٴΣֻһֱ޷ͻƣǧͻƵ֮ʱʱֻⴸİԵˣһʱȻⴸǶ춫Ĵ
óԼ߹ϳʱڵȫ¼סѥӡͷ
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ˮһοԣˮ뵽˾ѵʶӸ֪Ӿģ
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ˮĵçţȻɹЧʵĶ֮ȻçţҲɡ
űɫսסͷսѥýд࣬תһְˮ뵽¼׼סĵȼ۲ʵģ˵ߵ߲֮ɫġ
Ȳˮһ¼״ϣʱһǿ¼ϴָоˮо̫ˡ
ˮתçţʱо¼ϴçţںϣʱ񱩵çţһӱ籼ڵĽһ㣬һεˮ㶡
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ҿǿçţֱɵˮ̲ס촸ڵĺȻ߶£һɰһˮоԼһɽ
徳ǧչ
Ȼ˲٣һиİʮľڷһɶ࣬رٶȣٶȵҲоٴδ
ˮһʱãͣ

ˮĿ󴦵
Լôˣƻôһֱûƻһ̶Ͽ൱ڹĴڡ
ˮժ¶죡
һִֻ¼׻Ҫ鷳ǧˮȫĵͶ룬Ŷٴ

貵Ĺâʱˮſĵ֡
ǰâһǳࡢɫˮ֪ɹˣ
æͨȥ
ƻӶɣһ٣ݼʮʮֻһֻãҲֻһֻá
ˮٴθֿܵ񱩵ıŰͬʱһѪҺֱӳԴǳ׶ŭˮо̫Ļʧԣɱ޹
ĿǰƻֻɣˮʧԣʵƻЧģϧָӵƻϾǱģ̫ʶϵķɣս쳣ƣ
ϵĶźãˮڽҪͷǾҪ塱Ϲǿľ衣
ٳɾʱˮٴοϵĹʵʱ䣬ɾֲ˵ǿʮ꣬ʱѿԿӣҶѾȭͷСľӨ͸
ˮÿοʱǿޱȣΪѾȷˣ귢ѿ꿪죬ͷβҪʱ䡣
жҾͿԳ죬һֻҪ죬һֻҪ꣬ʵʱҲֻʱ䡣


364 ǿ廢÷ϴ
ڶ죬ˮм˴ȭΣ¸¥ˮѾκͺθ
ˮԼʽֻοôǿԼͺãˮһЩǾ޴ģϾˮϳǼҾ߳ǹһЩͺ칬ɽʯĶ˵ЩرǧĶˮֻǸ˵⾳ҰͻɽͼóԼ˵⾳ܡ
ʱھ񵤵£˵ĽǺܴģĴǣˮΪǼƻĿĶˮΪ׼˱Ķ
ǿ廢̣
ǧ껢ǷۼԼǧҩݰƶɵ̣ˮϹǿŷ֪ʲôʱȻ˺ܶҩ
ǿ廢رʺµ˷ãЧǿ塢ǣ
ҩЧҩܶ࣬ҩȴǲҩԣҿԳڷãúЧرá
཭Ӱʱ䲢ûͻƵ죬κͼˮһ׸ģоžǰоԼѾһ졣
رӺԣ˿ǿ׳Ҳ֪Ϊǿ廢ǲרΪֵܶ׼ġ
ھ񵤺ǿ廢£٣ڲǰΪڶͻƵ˧ˣһ౴СҲΨһһŮ
ˮ磬ǲǸССôô졣
ԿˮԹ
ǺǣҲڵ꣬˭ڸɩӿСأ
ˮǺǵЦԱ죬ò죬¸¥ٶ˲ţǰһˮ¸¥һ˴Ĳᡣ
¸¥ˣǧţСһ౴ϣоررĲ
ÿͻƶǸպ౴һСѾͷرɪֹԵĵɪ
ˮĻĸ£ˮſָ𵤣ɾǲ֪ҪʲôʱƳϾڵô׵õġ
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ϳϣСʦܻʦ֡ʦ֡ʦֶˣǮʦҲˣ
һе۵һߴľװǰߵ
ʲô
̫ʦϵ˺һվϬ˫ĶŹǰꡣ
ǰǵĳ˷ϵǮʦ֣˶ˣɱˣ
۵˵š
˭ɵģݲ˿һССİУ˭ȻҪɱҩҵˣ˵˵ɵģ
ϳ뷢ţȦѪ˿Լͣͽܵв٣ܽԼġ߾ûС
Ϊǲǡǡʣû뵽̤Ьٴȫѹ򣬾Ȼһǰӵ˾ͽԼһֱҵġǡʡ
˵ʵ͵ĲҲ̶ãϳ֪ҩҲЩһЩĵҩƫʱڸѻΣ߾硣
Ժ޳ɵ˾ͽΪŵӣϳϿĵǣ˾ͽȻǱ˴ѵ֪Ц
Ϊõľǲʣڼر֮ǰԹ°빦һǧ
˭иðգǿ˵ӣıҪĶݴ½׹ǵҩȻϡ٣ʵﵽ֫ʵ̫ˡΪǱҪߵ۵
ݴ½Ѿû˵۵Ĵˣ¾֮һһûУݵ𣬿ϵû˵۷Ҳû˵
߰˾ͽĻΪ²˵ĲѡҩԼһҲҪ֧š
ԼֻҪ죬Ϊ׼ҶѾ׼ˣֻ˾ͽͻˡ
ȻɱˣûһߵİУ޷ܵͬһ۷һ˼ʵҲˡ̣̫ˣ
ʦֺʦԼСʦǱҵһˮɱģʦͬǱһɱǮʦֵͬһ
۵ĸˣǿ˵
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ͣһº˵ֻ˵仰ʱӶ΢Ĳ
˵鲻Ӧ֪
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Ĳ˵һĳĬ
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ϳϵ˵һ䣡
һӦһϽȥ
ǣңˮɱͽ۷壬ҪʼߣصĻȻҷų㻰ΪԲǰ׳գǾֻһǿޱȣǾǿ̡
ϳһĬĬš
ϳϱ굫ԣԾȷĸоǱڵΣգһȻоԣֻףϿѾǿһˣҩϿǿ֮һѵҵݳǵЩйϵһɡ
ˣ׼𣿡
ҵһУˮ˵
ţ׼ˣ㲻ɹҲûʲôûԼͻƵ죬ȻһֱŬ
˵׼ˣ˵пǺ˷ܺͽŵġ
ţˣ飬Ⱥȱƣ
ˮ׼õ÷Ƶ
ʱһ󵭵÷һ˿絭̴㣬˸оĿһ󼡹ǵĸо
÷ɫ͸Ũȱˮ΢Ҫһ㣬÷ɫûѤɫȴ䣬÷һ㡣
ӴĿһ÷ƣоеĲ
ˣȥⱭӦöͻа
ˮĻӸϽһںȥ
תҽֺͻξһе֣һֱתͿԣʲôҲҪ룬סʲôҲҪ룡
ͻҪһεĶϴ裬ˮͨ÷ƵϴЧ˵磬Լ
ҵˮڻصǷⲻȫԺԼĸ໥ϣ˵ûԼ죬ٲȥ
ˮļʥ֣֮мĺȻϵĴϵϰٸѨĵˡ
ѾˮĵκģֻˮĽ£Ȼԭ״š
һЩɫ֬һĶĳӵƤϣɢһ
Ͷе࣡
ˮǼǵԼʱĶǺɫ֬㵽ȻˣһΰϴĹЧҲǺǿ
Ҳ֪һܲͻƵ죬һУǿġٶ򡱼ϽѨʥֵ֮ĹЧ


365 ͻ죬绪
ˮ߳ңܲͻƵͿ컯ˣʯˮ黹ôһǿҵΡ
ˮ˶ǳϣر཭רΪүӡ
Ҳ֪ôү֪ϣߺҹ̵ĸϵǣ֮룬ŬһҲûн֮֮Ͱϣ˴ӺͶϣҲΪʲôôյȻֲǷʳ񵤣
үӵϣҵĽܹͻƳΪߣﵽҶǰλ־ߡ
ϧڵֻǲо춼Դﵽүӵϣֻ֮ҪͻƵǰǿڡ
ÿ˵עҰ޵ҰǰǣʶǾѾһϣ˧۷嶼ѾʮˣڰҲߴڣүҲǾϵ֮ˣ¶ӹΪƣȻڰûʲôӰҲûȥҡ
ˮͻȷʵ޿һӣϲ޷ݣ½ףǶӡŮŮԼеӡŮֻҪһ˵õԼȮ졣
οˮ˵Ӽûκ𣬴СҳգûмκˣҶ֪ˮܿҪǰָֻصҸҵ衣
ر¾ֻҪʦװµŮͻᷢˮ֪뱻ǿӲǸ´Ů
ˮʵʹΪ֪ǵǸԼ㣬Լ׽Ůܿ࣬ˮҸ࣬ô궼ȹˣǰһˮһҪ׼ֻҪ̤ңҪȫֻ
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ΪԼŮô𱬵ˣô˭ȥңΪŮø׵ҲҪһĲ
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˺Ů֮䲻䲻ϵĹϵֻڰ߲Ĺϵ
ˮŵԣֲòŵһ̶ϵá
ϾʱŮɻ鲢ֻ˼򵥵һо漰ϰףһʱӳļҲı䵭»һЩ뷨ŵԣһʱ뷨ʱҪǺ
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368 һĨ鶯
һˮͲˣѾ㣬ͬʱоԼʮ׻ʯֵ̫ˣˮоζ˳ɹԺͰ׻ʯйء
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Ҳ֪˶ʱ䣬ʦװ˫ˮһգգĿ˫һ㳤Ľëſ̵ľ޵
ʹ˲ȻһƬˮһ˿ңܿȴ¶΢Ц
ʱ͵ؿʱĻˮоĻȵģʲôںԼ¶΢Цʱˮоر㡣
ôˣ
ʦװվˮ˵
ҵĽ޵ģ


369 ޷顢ʦҲ
ˮԴλʦװԼʱЦݱȹȥ˺ܶ࣬ڿԼʱЦݻһ㣬оԼĸ׺ǰҲһ㡣
ˮرģİࡣ˵ݼڣˮ֪֮ΪԼǰĸĸǰˮûзʦװЦ
ƶ죡
ʦװһˮ˵
ˮζ˵ģ˶еģˮǰȻ̸޼ɵҲǳƵϺƤˡ
ǰһˮ֮ȻǡȡȥʱǹһΣһѾ˵ණ
ˮŵʦװϳֻˮǰе糺죬΢ĵף˫ֽķǰ
ˮĵĿʦװ䵫˿ȴǡޡеһĨֻһͷ
ԼŮˣ
ôƶأǿǶ˻ģʵܶ˶֤ô㻹𡣡
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ʦװҲˮԼ죬ֻȥˮĸǲԼǰȥˮġ
ˮʦװ˵һЩȴû˵оܳأΪһˮΰͻˮ֮䷢һЩ仯
һĶݣʵһֱһ⣬ˮԼǲΪҪʱΡ
װ֪ڵĲûҲ֪Ҹ㣬Ҳ׵ķſ㣬֮Ĺϵκζûйϵ
ʦװδޣ׵ķ֣οʦװӦˮֻҪһʱ䡣
ˮĻ˵ĺף֮鲻ñĶС
ʦװˮһ£Ҳ뵽ʲô΢ЦĿˮЦһɵĸо
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ҩˮһ̿ʼˮע壬οӣȻҲ̸ϲøлеġ
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ˮǵǵһʦװķ䣬ĲúһֻɫֻһСһҡ
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ʲôҲҪͨȫѨ;ˮԥһЦ˵
ʦװˮԥĿˮҧҧн׵ıˮͷʾĬ
ȥ仹ɳȥһ㡭ˮĻʦװһԣʹİЦŵˮͷңˮںţŽǰٲҡñӰϵ㡣
һ䣬ˮ΢ЦſŷһŻĴ齺һĹӣ֮ˮû
촲ϵıӶǻģˮɫҲûϲɫֻʦװֺɫԽҲ
ˮĿŴ齺ʹϵı죬ʦװе㲻˼ΪˮԼǴλãǴξڴϡ˼롭ʦװקһˮ䡣
ˮһ㶣Цһ£Լʱûк˼룬һˮ˵ʱ컵龰ٿǰ޼˵ӵˡ
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ʦװڱҧסأŬԼһ˿оԼҪƲסˣϵоͷˡ
sȱߡз
ԥһºˮĸѨϣ
ʦװһӱˣһһ˿΢
ϵĸѨβλãĸѨУʦװһ΢ˮһһȴʦװĹɹС
顭ʦװסԼ죬Ϧȴǲҿˮ
Ĭ󣬼û취ˮе˵һ£Ͼӽļʡ
ʦװǳĬ
ǶϷˣô𣬵Ǵϻи顭˵ˣ
ʦװסˮ죬ȻԼȷʵ˷֮ʵϾǸʱԼѣڲͬ뵽˵ŽɻرΪ顣
Ҳˣˮֽ㣬ʦװϼǱһ飬رʦװڴ齵ʱһġȫģһ߿޷飬ˮоһȻĵ𽵹
÷ƣ
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룡
ˮ˵һξ飬һĶ࣬ҪʦװѾǺ۷ʵұҲ൱ǿ
ˮʦװ״̬뿪䣬߳ʱʦװϣĿ
ûʱ䣬ʦүˣˮ˵ܴװʱүӵǳ
ͻƵ֪ģһҲں۷弸ʮ꣬ŮʦװҲǺ۷塣
ˮ̸̸ˮɲʦװͻƵ죬ΪԼѲϣˣסˣʻ粻ʡ
оˣͬʱ֪ԼˣҲΪԼŮҵôõһ˸ˣ
ллˮ
ʦүرĺˮ˵
Ҷһˣ
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ʦүӸǼĿˮ˵ʦҲˣʦҲˡ


370 ҩˣʮľ
ͻƱҪǿһЩʦүӸܾʦүӵ뿪ˡ
Ϊˮоǿǿ
ˮصҺ˲Ҫ̫ԶΪˮĸӦһ׼оܿͻҪпҵġ
ӵʱˮĶԶ
ΪѾԿֻ޷߸ˮֱԷǳԼģĿܾҩҵˡ
쿴ޣޡ
ֻۣޣ
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˿о޴޺ʼϾСطǺѼ޵ġ
ˮµĵĿˮ
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˸ǳ־ǻǿˮȻǶ־֪߰ԼЩ˲˼һġ
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ˮɱҩҵˣԲѷҵҪʲô£
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һĻʣµæĿǸתս׵ӣһʱоӺΣա
Ҳϲ˵ͷ
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һ˳ͷʱ౻۸˸ŽйʽʲôʲôһѾˡ
Сӣɱʦģ
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ʱԱһŵüǰ˵
ʲôһССİǣ˿ΣʦǲܰһҪСѪծѪʦһ˳е
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ҶֵܣҪô⣬ʦ̫ĳͷǵģ˼ҶǲҲֻʣǼʦֵˡ
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ˮôںĿеˣʼߣˮòٴοҩҵʵ
ֻ˵ҩʵףϿǿһ֮һϿݳݳһ֮ǿһ
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ûʵ汯ˮűǽԼҪ˹ǸαƵ·֮ϡʱǸ꺺һڡնһĴˮ
μһ˳ġն߶ɢһǿİ۾޵Ķˮ
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ĶˮȻɱʦ۷壬Ϊˮֻʳĸ֣ΪԷ̫ˣоڴϣǶԷǿ¼ס
ˮ¼ױ֪Լһ¶ˣںΪԼġɽˮеĽϴŶ¼ףЩԼĿɽ²һҪ֪Լġ񵶡ʩչɽϵȵؼҲסԼһ
ˮܵģڲģΪԷʵˮûзԼʵļ
ļڵˮ˵ʲô뵱ҲһļƵһʱпޱȡ
˵һ飬ڹü
ˮ˵
ɣ
ˮĻߣ˭˵ʦҲرԼӣȻһСʦΪŵӣԼûʲôӰ죬˿ǰ˾Ȼ˺Լ˵
ϸͳԽԽߣһ˫͵ԭһ̤ٶȿԳеıһλӳ
ݡžž
дƿһڰһİ²Ӱ
һܿ죬ƣ
ˮűǽŶԷӴϢû뵽ԷơĵѸݣԼϧˡ

޴ĻХ
һ͵̤ǰȹȫû˿һӰԷȱǽҪı񵶣
ɵçţ
ɵն
ɵıǽӣ
ɽ
Ȼ
ʮľûκλڵʹˮ¾û۸˸оˬ
䣡
޴ĺ¡ˮһվˮǰֻһƬĺɫ
һʱΧžޱȣ


371 ɫеɱ⡢һ
һʱΧҲûκζһ㣬˻ۡڽһɣз·һһ
һɱʼĸ֡˶ڲ²ˮʵһһзϵ۷Ѿˣֱһнʼߺɱһ˶ǲ˼Ŀˮ۾úܴܴȴһ仰Ҳ˵·Ǹոһֻһ
ûۻɣ
ʲôʱ˿ˡ
ɱĺðȫɱǣ
ǰҪˣˮ֧㣡
ףԷ˵һݻʱоرЦڿԷҲûаҩҷС
ڸǸٴζҩҵɱ֡ʣµļ֪첻ɱԷôԼ˵˾ǵ
ëʦ֣֪ʦΪʲô𣿡
ŵŲΪ֪ĹâһɫҰ׵ĺ˵
ʦһ֪Сӵĺ̨ôԸ˶Ӳסǽⲻ𡣡
˷ֿеݵĺ˼Ҳת
ڿ˶ܣڵʱоǵǸʦҲû뵽㡣
ϾϿҩҾǶ壬ȻݳǵЩɡ޷⣬ɱϾݳ̫ңԶݳǲκˣö֮һֿ̬
Ͽǿһҩҵ˼ʹݳҲŸ߹ݣһڰǳôĿ˭ҲܲˣȻʦصĸ߹ʱ顣
ϾǼʮʦֵܣҩ֪ǵʦֵڰǱ̫ˡ
οٵһЩ꣬ô˵һûȥŮˣϵҲǲʲôҲоҪôοǰɱһЩ˶ʲô
һǲ˿һ۵ĳǣûǷǲ˿жʲô
ֻûϸΪһ۷ô֮˼ܵİʦҲǲ²Ǳġ
ݴ½ҩʦֻĵҩβⶾĵҩȻҲǿƺ˵ĵҩһЩȻľ綾֮ҩ˵ҩʦö־Ϳ˲еľ綾ҩɵҩֵ͡
ҩҾǿҩʦңҩҾΪҩŻųߵĵλһɡҶᱻεȥһҩ
֮ɫһʦֵĬĸͻȻˮȥһǷĸ
ءͻȻ죬һɫ𽫼ʮ׷Բûü㿪˱ɫֱӵأ²ʡ֪
һ˵أһྪС޺ӵȥɫֻǽˮǼӰΧͲΧɢ
ٶȺܿ죬ˮٽʱűǽѸǻʱһĹγı㣬˲ָԭϧס˿
ˮóǻײǼ͵Ϯǻɫģʹǻ׾͸е˷ǿϮ
ֲָˮʶӦֻˮ֪Ǽڷųÿ˶Ѹٵŵҩ
һšܶ衱רűɫģһšɫеɱ⡱ɫʵһжӰ죬һ⡰ɫӶΪ
ˮȫɲз⼸˵ʵղŵڲ֮䣬ԼͬʱԸĸļȻûΣգҲһԷԵҩҩҡ
ɱ˵
ˮһԼķԼǿѰĶ޾壬ˮ׵ȥδ֪Ķ
ˮ۾չʶ
çţ
ն
ɽ
Ȼ
ţ
ˮһЦˣԭںȻɢߵĻɫȻɢˣֶںȻǰȻһ
ˮûü۾ʶܵĸٱˣоȻ۾ˮо˼ٶޱȣʵԼӦĻҪǿһЩ
ŵһˮһĳˮϵɫ֮һ߶೤֮䷢µ֮
ǰ˾Ȼֿȭ˫ȭͷϴһ˫ɫȭףֻȭ߳ĺڴ̣ȭĲλִԽԽϸ˶ǿĺӣһǿ֡
ˮ֪⼸ڴ̾жҲ֪ҩҳµ֮Ȼڶϡ
ŴϮˣԽԽˮע˫ȽȻһ̤
ӡ׶ޡʯϸĹȻʹ
Ȼ񡰺׶ޡǰֲڽʹѷɫ٣ʵսѥ˲ٵٶȣ
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һ仯̫ͻȻڻɫĿʶҲܵӰ죬ǻɫĿ¡
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ھ˵ʱˮʲôʽǶģھٶǰʲôȼ似ôĲ԰
ҩҵĺӲĵĵȥֽӸպһգʧȥˮӰȴǿͬʬ塣
һֱֹ裬˲󱳶ʪ͸ˣ
ΪʱǿˮĿǣ峺˫пɱȴĮȻǸоɱ
ȻܻɫӰ죬ܿԼˮ˿ȴһЦӰٴȥ
ųֽϲɫȴͻȻһ߽ŽߵͬˮӰͬʱһХ
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ˮŲæĿżһϵֱ꣬һ̧һ
ϸСԵƿ᲻ţӡ縮ѨԴֱŵ˵У
תۼĸļ߱ʼߣȻôĴʵϵľݴ½ʵһС
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ˮſһֻڻһĻɫޣһ˫ɫ޴չ°ףͷϵġڡǻʹģ
ˮûڻԴŴǧʱȻֻġֻʹڼĻ
˿ˮȴǽסϵĿߣһɫĴ󵶣ʱȴ˫۲Ѫ˿ĿԼ


372 µĵ⡢ͨɣǿ˫
ҩҵϳϣȵԼͽȫ˺֪ԣҹһ̲ͣĸǡ
һպÿһͽܵĵءֺúݣ
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ˮȴڸоߵʵûвĵǿ󣬻һξ룬׺оϹҲҪǿܶࡣ
۷ָ߼ߡ
ˮĿǰԼʵ߼ʰ˼֮䣬ûһĽ綨
ҺݣҩҾͳְ֪࣬Щʲôѵһһ߱ҲûˣҲһߣҲϡ
ˮûմȾ˿Ѫıǽ߳
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һˮľˣͬʱҲΪҩҵʵߵǿе˼飬Ȼ֪ԼݣԼļҲ֪Լڹ칬֪Լ칬ϵݡ
һİǿĵ֪Լϸˮе㲻ԼϼңﶼԼˣԼҪˡ
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ˮһֱû˵ڸǸоΣմڣΪ֪˷ˣѾˣҩǣ칬ĶԹС
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ˮɾд̫ȭÿͻƺҪиӦ̣ˮÿζ̫ȭӦòͬķ̫ȭ
ٴ򡢱ٴ󡭡̫ȭʱˮߵǽ̫ȭĿ࣬ȭȻһļá
񵤵ʱ䵽ˣˮҲûٳԣΪаʱҪȥɾˣԲ˷ѡ


375 Ϫյ̶͵
ϴһ·ʱˮͻɾҲˮɵʱ򣬶һǿԼ
Ҽ죬ʱһӤԴһСͨۺ죬ɢ˵㣬ͲѷɫЩϵζˮĹЧ
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ϣˮʢĵĺ磬İˮоĻʵ˵еΣգô˵ҲǵõٺôͨɣɾиǽͨҲСɾ硣
˫˫ȵľתر˲ıˮоر֣ԼܴͨﵽԲͨҲﵽԲֻǴɣˮźǸһս
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376 ջķᣬǿޣٱش
ˮԼ뷨һ𼶱ʲôһ𼶱߶ûУҪɵһ𼶱Ҫϵͬȼߡ
һӶ𼶱ޣʲôĶȻҪ𼶱ƤëĴӡһ뿪ˮȻøˬޱȣûմһˮ
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ˮѾľˣ굤ֱΪԼģЧȻһȴ̫ǿˡ
ķ찡
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Լ굤ʩչǻ׵ĻԼķˮ붼Ѫڡ
롭ԼԵ굤ǸӦûˣֱӺͶԷźͿˡ
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ˮĽиϣȻѩ׵Ĵƿ򿪺һ۶ǻƶСĽӣζҲǺԣнС
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ˮĿһֽϡ
ˮƤֽʱסˣ
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ˮ뵽ϴεһŲرͼξȻһţһ£һûпرͼϵĵصʲôطֱӷ˽ȥ
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ˮٴν͵߶̶У
ʱٴʧˮģҪ֪ǴΣ쳣
ͻȻˮ뵽̶ΪʲôǿĶӵǿһ𣬶̶ⶫ˵һ̶
ˮһ˲һ亹
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ˮ֪ԽԽ󣬾ڣˮϸԼ뿪һ·ڸԼٵһΣһα֮ǰŸǿı
ʱˮоˣ
ÿ죡
ˮʱ򲻹ʲôֱӴɾ뿪
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ˮ̶ܵһǵ֮Хɽһѹˮ׺ڸղΪʲôߡ
ץ͵ˮѸٵˣϧѾˣˮֻһ޴ĺӰһԼ
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ԶתϹʶеĿתͼˮһĸԭ
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ˮ֪ڿٸԭֵķӳ
ݴ½δ֪Ķջ࣬¾ݣݼǲ˿
ڲ˿СİУ˭֪ڰû̶оȻǿޡ
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ţ
ˮڵŤͷֽԼߡ
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Ȼ˵ôãٿһ㣬ˮ֪ȫãˮ»һ̾ͱɾ߳ȥ
һ߳ȥԼڵһǸµġޡûһĻᡣ
ٴοĽ
ʲôҲûˣοҲҪõģϣԽһµǰȼü֮
οԼԼûȥأԼ̤ƽңĸ׵˶ʮˣǵǸŮҲʮˣǶûзԼôԷ
Ĵ˽ɫУ
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377 쵤ҩͻͽ
ˮٿ˼۱ɫƵĳ굤ŷŽУˮǡǿĳ굤켴һ˵ζҺ˳ź˽ȥ
ʱһɻϢ˳ĵطһˮо˵ѪҺϹǿҲǿٵš
ˮ֪ΪʲôҪʼҪеĹ߲ſԷʳ굤ǿҩ쳣ǿ;ǳܲסġ
ˮоԼľҪ˺һ㣬ڼܲסʱ򶼻ᱻϹ߾ͻᱻʶеͼɢǿҩԡ
һ졢졭һٶʮ죡
ˮתһٶʮʱûͣȻ׾ٵͻˣ
һٶʮһ죡
ӴҩˮͣżתʱˮľڲϵıǿҪĹⶼǵõļǿ
һٶʮ죡
ˮû뵽һһʱȻٴͻƣеͻӵǿûٱ߸ӿĵˡ
ҩѾºˮתϹǿһûͻƣˮѾˣر⡣
ҩʧˣˮҲͣѾȫȬҪڵķ
ķˮͻȻǿȣҲޱȣԴʵ
ķˮﵽһ˼ǿȣͬ޹ƶѷɫ֮Կº޵ķǷֲġ
굤ӵķļӲӼ⡢Լǿȣоٶȡ
ˮоһ֡Ĳص⾳Ͷ˵ƶ΢ı仯
ˮһʼ굤һЩʵû뵽Լһͻ죬ʵҲСˣϾ㵽ҩ¼סȸӵС
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һ־ϵܣޱȣˬĸоϢ徭пٵζ
ܿ죡
ϹǿͻˣûпȥתתʱһͻƣȻﵽһٶʮ졣
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ʮԷӵڶʮľˮڵǿ֮ÿͻƶõӡ
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徳۷ǧˮ֪ԼԶʲô¼׺ͱˮڴ
е֮ԽԽ죬һ߸ŹͻƣȻֻһΣˮ֪㣬ϾԼ๦ͻǺѵġ
ͻƵо磡
նﵽо磡
ͻˮоޱȿģرڵǿǺüֲںϺģ൱
ĵҩ
ˮɵĸ̾ھݴ½ϡеҩ֮УϧֻɵҩȴͿˣôõĹЧȴûʲôá
ûнˮоǲǿƽʱϰٵԭһҲûн
칬ɽɽġɽٴεõͻƣϧˮǲ֪ʲô磬оԼڵĻƱ֮ǰ˶ҡ
ˮѾˣϾġϢѣ֪ô⡰ɽơ
ʯ򵽵ġɧ֮ʱҲͻˣԭСɾ絽ڵĴɾ磬ǸٶٴεõƵӡ
֮תѾﵽ壡
ʱçţԼȻõͻƣˮоԭçţﵽĳЧ
Ȼġˮоﵽһɣˮ֪ôָоΪˮоȻһеʹǳƱϺʹͨѨļҲһɣҲǰٷ֮ʮ
ǺȻǿ֮κζǰҪã˿ˮֻҪȻõУһɵơ
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˵ƽЧ죬ϧ̫ǿˣԲͰ徳ǲ˿ˡ
칬ʦ۷塣ˮûʲôо
ܾˮ򵽵ĶܾҲ뵽ִһеϺȻǿѹ
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̫ȭû˿仯򵽵ġ΢ȴǽһЩԽһ㡣ȴûˮϵôϲϾͻ˺ö࣬ˮѳմľˡ
ҩЩûκα仯ˮеʧ䣬ȴǱ֮ͻƣϲ۾
׷ͻƵɾ磬ٷ֮ʮĸأٷ֮ʮٶȣСʱٷ֮帺أٷ֮ٶǿһ
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ͨͻƴﵽԲ֮
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һʱˮеֱֻ۳ſžͱ
ˮܵиءϹȡͨϪصЧڸоٴǿ٣õС


378 ѨͨڶŮͼ
ˮ֪ϴͨѨĸãΪЩѨ;߱Щܣ
ʱˮѾоڵ֮ѾҪʧһ֮ʧ֮ǰˮġͨͻˡ
ͨɾ磡
ˮеڵûڡͨ¹ͨͨ͡һǴɾĻǶͽԲ硣
뵽ԼġͨҲײͻƵģҲͲˣϾԶ֪ģʹԼͨҲﵽɾҲ㣬һֹĲ㡣
ɾġͨÿͨѨ
ѨѪѨȪѨػѨѨϾѨ
ϵѨͨˮоϵٶٴδѪ͸Ҳõĸƣµˡõٴμǿ
ͨѨǿֳܺ٣
ͨѪѨǿȫѪ
ЩѨĹЧҲǺˮоľϲû뵽ֱһѨͨõ޴ĺôſʼ˼Щ⡣
ˮһܴͨѨѨͨĴɾˮоܶʵرϴͨ⼸Ѩ⣬Ȼûдʱ˫ôǿ󣬵ˮҲˡ
ɫƿеġӡˮûзãҲûдȥԣԺŪʲô
ܺ͡굤ƽƵһҲҿɫɢϢҲ־綾ߴҩһࡣ
ˣʮһ죬ÿһţЧİٷ֮һǿȺͰٷ֮һ֮ǿȣƲЧҪͣÿһٿš
ˮժ£źãÿΣϧÿֻһöˮое̫ˡ
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ˮ׼ȥʱͻȻ뵽ڶκˣʹڱǿġײҲûֳͣ˵Ӧñɾˡ
ܿˮܿ췢ֳͱ˦ԶϽ߹ȥֻǵˮߵǰ㹳Ķʱˡ
һ
㹳ƽһһŮͼ
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ˮͻȻĳ뷨ˮֻһ۾ϳʮŮͼ֮һֻһˮܿ϶
еŮüԶ죬˫ɢԻõɣĸ޳ȴ͹£һȴž˵š
ɢֵϺһҶеƣǱֽǿƺͱ֮ľϢõĺƮ죡
һĲƮŮӣϢеƣȴвͬˮСĽͼȡ£
һŮͼǰǸŮͼԱ߹ϣʱһĸоˮܿ죬ΪʮŮͼĳ嶯
ŮͼһȻһͬȻǽȻͬŮƮǿƺͳе㲻
ոǰ˸оȴ·ԶԶɢƮϢ׽
˫Իһ˿ħһ㣬ֻǸоһԼԦŮˣһŸ߹Ůˡ
ܳʱˮƿĿ⣬뵽һŮͼƮ֮һУرλһУһֱ漣
ˮиоһӦòٳһʵŮ˰ɣƮһ漣Ľ
ˮ֪һʲôͷˮŮͼıֺ͵һŮͼ֣ͬҲǳԵ֣֮ҲʽȷʮŮͼеһ

ˮɵ뵽ԼǰĽǸп𼶱޵ƤëƳɵĽ
ѵ̶
ˮԼ뷨ʵһɸղŽвûзֵⶫīֽʲôġѵǳ̶ԼûеǵĻ̶µʲôҲ𼶱ˡ
һЩʲϵðˮԺˮٿŮͼûκεıˮ˲֪ʱ䣬ȴûκ˿𻵡
ⵤҲ±ˣⱡŮͼҲ𼶱ϵƤƳɵġ
𼶱ˮ붼еɬĻǰϮԼĲ֪ǲ𼶱ޣ϶̶о𼶱ޡ
ˮԷʲôûпһˮرΣ
ʵˮȻ̽һ뵽ǰޡǵصϢֻײһԼͲҵһȥ͸Ͻ뿪
˭ȥҲҪԼȥ˵ԼСڻãʱ
ղŵԵõĴˮһ仰
֪η
ͨɾˮûκζ׼


˲䣡
ûʱĽϪͨȥ
һˮԼٶȾȻ˵Ŀ죬Ľϡ̼̾һ㣬ٶȴﵽޣ

ˮֻĺû·
һð˶ˣҲ˵ĲܿҾ̶֪
̶½Ϫ˽أԽԽرһ޴ĺǵĻ޶
ˮʵףΪʲôôǿƫƫҪСС̶УΪʲô˺ǵˣѵֻˮУ
̶һ̶ˮжôǿˮйôģ
ֻˮпٵĳ²⣬Ǿ̶ǵĲǲǻر󣬻Ĳλǲǻ峺µĿռǲǻطͨ
ˮ̾Ϣϧֻ𼶱߲ſԶ̾ķУֻе𼶱ŻˮȻҲȥˮУʵˮлۿۡ
һֱϪˮһղǲ̫³çˣһ뵽ղŵĽˮ͸оʲôֵˡ
췢ʱȥˣ̶Ѿٽˣһʱҵʱ䣬ɾҲһʱʱɣڶѾˡ
صҶѾɫ΢ˣҲ׼ĲˣȫҶѾ룬ˮǻһ

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Ϊ˵ˮʲôҲĵһЩ֪ϧʲôСѣԵ¸¥
ʱģ֪ʥׯŮ˶Լĸ飬ŮԼҶȰԼࡣ
ҪΪԼ
˲ֻΪԼ
仰ˮڶòһȷѡоֻ̬ǰһֺ˽һ㣬Ǹ˲˽ģһֿƴ壬ȴʱĺʹܾᡣ
ˮʱһ·עõģһ͵һʹҲǵõһĽ硣
ˮǰң·עõģѡȥõҲʹ࣬һֺĶ


379 Ů˵˼ɵ̫
һɵůͷһֻǣסʥׯΪһӺݹŮ衣
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ҹˮɾˮνȥܶʱ䣬ʲôҲûüͱ˳
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ƽƵϡеҩУֵȴǺܸߣΪΪˮ׼ġ
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䣡
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ˮ΢Цͣû뵽ԲġͨԼǰʱ뵽ɡ磬ôܲģ
йﵽɡһֻĹҪ֪롰ɡҪرˣˮҲǡͨԲŽ롰ɡġں磬ڻûǸŵˡ硣
ⶫԣⶫѣ羮еܣÿһӾǷǳѵġ
ܲÿһαھԶǿӵиӹȥ
Ҳˣ粢ʵ磬ôĳкƶᷢ츲صı仯
оԿһ㣬ÿγжϬޱȣڹϬͬʱйԼһʵﵽǿӡ
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ͨȭǳȭü֣ˮͨȭеġԳͨˮЩ·оʲôץס


385 ͨȭˣΪŮ
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ͨȭǾǷɼؽڣʹ۰ޣӲʽ϶ˤġֻȭпݣĨꡢ̤žQȭûеġ
ͨȭȭдԵһ࣬󿪴ϣ߸ͼ·ߡ˫۶ޱȣ޼᲻ݣгΧܴ󣬺ܺõͻͨȭص㡣
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ͬʱǿɱͨʱҲΪͨȭˮоԼͨԶͨȭĪĺô
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ˮһͿʳڣˮֺҹɾˮǿȼ첻Է˯Ҳûġ
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387 󡱶ǰХԳ
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ˮ΢Ц౴ԴࣺŬϰˮ㰿ݴ½òá
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ڻǳԵʱ򣬿ϧֻãˮϵַ֮ΧϧŰֻˮеЧ
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392 ȫĲҶ࣡
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ˮͬʱҲеһĸоӻԼǲǿԽʮŮͼѼȫѼȫΣοЩŮҲֻǺŮͼеŮӳͬѣ˶ѡ
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393 ˭˵ײˣ˭˵޿
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394 ϣ˭֪ôд
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޹ؽҪ֮һ֮ڣ뿪뿪Ը

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һʱ޽죬Ҵ֧ˣҾˣҪˣ
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400 ִݻҵˣı仯
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401 ƵĴ󻹵Σվ
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仨ʱΧ׵ķԲڵֲһһɵƷʡ
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Ŷ仨ʱΧԲŰ׷ԲֲɵƷʣ
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ΪоȻкöණӲͷƤȥô˵ҲǾݹ漸ǿļ֮һ
ǰǺ½࣬˵һ˿Ѫǰһֻ󳤴ʮףףһǧ
ھݴ½Ҳǲ٣θӿ뺷Ƕڴ½յءɭ֡;ɽС
½Ľվ峤ʮף߾ףʯһɽҲԺᴩȥ֪ǿ֮һʵ𼶱


402 ̤֮Ĺ
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̤ɿɵ屶ڵֻκθС
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ˮֻһ̤ѾϲޱˣԼСɾĻԼʮԼ̤ڵϵԲ磬Ǿǧϧֻܼ̤ڵϣҪǼ̤ϡ
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çײ
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ֻˮ˺öัͼгһֻľ󣬻ʯһ㣬޴Ӱýޱȣһ㱿׾ļ
о޴ĽɫеƷ·Ҫ˺ѵһ㣬еǴض̤ıѿˣǿĴѿ˺ද˺
սĻ棬СɽһСľܣҲпеķݣˮ״ϸʮ׳ɫнǵľӦýԡ
ЩȻһһİ˽ɫС
ˮٵҲƽĻ棬ɫڵϵĻ桭
ˮе˼ǽɫһƬУǷɣǲˮϣǾˮ

ˮ۾ŸղŻ޴ĳǻеĳ·ˮǰһŻеĲҺǿе㱯׳ơ
ȵˮ۾ʱѾȥһʱˣЩ沢ûˮʵõһʱʱˮӾ淢˱仯
ˮѾ϶ɫʵԲ𼶱Ǹо·ۿ𼶱ս
𼶱սڴ߶һ𼶱սǾ͸Ѽˡ
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̤Ҫľһס֮֮Сɾ磬ܺ߱ںϺǴɾ磬ȫںϾԲ硣
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΢΢¶ףڶһˮ۾ս֮֮УûʹеϹ
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ʱһһεĹȥˮûиܵ˿֪βǰļôˣϾ̫Եˣûô׳ɹ
ͣ˼һټһһεʧܣʧ˶κˮѾϰˡ
ڶ죬ˮú磬򵥵ϴһ¾СͥԺУ򶫷һ̫ͨȭȻҲõ΢ӡ
մˮſˣ׺˳ˮչһЦ
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ˮǿԼĴĿ⣬׺ºݺݵбˮһۣˮع
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һӵѣˮԼܿ죬Ĵ꣬ߵеεľˮĶѡ
ˮԾ뵽Ůͼˮڵһο׺ʱ;һҶǲͬʵȴͬһεŮ
һҶŮͼϵŮӣ˵׺ӦҲǡŮͼƵʮֲͬʵŮӡ
ŮͼеŮӲֻϣоַǣ
ˮعʱ򣬷ֲ׺˫۱ԼĲӣᣬֻ˫ĿԼ˫ۡ
˭ôҵүһ
׺˵ʲôоˮˮоеţܿ죬һ仰ˮرĶ뵽ԼղŵɫôŮ
ѵŮ˵ֱ
үֻ㣬ԣһˮЦ˵Ų׺촽ȥ

׺¸ϽŤͷǱˮϣ
ģġ
ʱٴδ򿪣
ԭȰôôߡһɫ˳ζ˵
˵׺»æƿˮһȴ糺һƬ
ˮʵĺϲģɲܹǺǵЦ
ˮȴĶŻ˫ۣȴǲͣĶˮЦˣ׺ҲЦˡ
Ѿͷķǣ㣡׺°ѻˮȻЦ뿪ˣ

ˮסôо龰ôƣ
ǵڶΣһξ
ʱȴһˮв̧ͷ
ˮ̧µ°ͣĹεŮˣ˫۽գֺܵĳëĲš
Ը欣ǸĵŮˣ
ˮ绨Ĵ꣬ķȥס
Ľ΢΢һ˫۱յĸˣ
ˮǻĴ˱ŪһЦһҶˣҷ䣬ô
ˮ˫ۣһ㣬ˮɫܻӭջޱȣգգٵˮһתҲȥˡ
ˮЦҡҡͷ׿ٴδһ̫ȭŽҵ˰㶼׼ˣ˵Ҫȥңշôš
ʱ䣬ˮǰ仯ö࣬ȻǵˮûзЦ沿˺ܶ࣬Ҳĺˮ˵仰
㣬ȥҾͿԻؼˣ


403 ɱңǿү
λĵĶ򣬾ҲǺԶǣҡҡҡһ޼ңǵǿļ壬Ѿмеǧˣٹ̣ûоԵʵκβǵġ
ǣһȫҺ׼ңҵıΪүǽ¥ĳϣһ൱Ҫĳϡ
ҡҺ޼ߵҲǱȽϽҺҵŮ޼ҵӣò˵ﶼǿãҲֱЧֶΡ
ҡҡ޼ҵʵڷֹҺңǿԺҡҿ⣬Ϊ°ĸ׹Ǿ޳ؼҵĻ
ؼ˵칬ͽ¥ѷһҲ޵ģƴһĲһ䣬Ҫһؼر𻤶̡
ҲҲҶ°ԭ
ҵׯ԰ܴˮվڻڿпڲСׯԺɣÿСׯԺ¥ɸڶյ⣬Եĸûʡ
һҹĴѩٴȾϰɫˮ֪ܿͻٴαսһҲܿͻʧ
ˮĿӹߺܶ࣬ˮڿǵʱҲеѹ̧ͷС
쿴ôһֻްи߾ȵ˵
޺𽣡
ǿǷڼޡ
ȥүҵǸˡ

⹫Ǿ治Ҫˮޡ΢Ц˵
ˮԼСġµǵ˵
ˮСĵ㣡ˮ˵

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ʱɿˮֻôһ˿һ˿޵Ц⡣
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ܿģǼһ˿ЦˮгΪ㣬ǶյĹζסˣϧֻˮһ˿
ڿеλòǺܸߣˮֱȥˮڵǿоٸһҲġ
ˮûϾڻǰȫģңǸүˮҲŲᳬ񣬺οԼڣľ塣
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ˮͨԷƸоҵĶүͨˮҲ֪ǽ¥ؽ¥ĳϡ
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ϣңǺǣȴûж֪Ժû˻ҺˮʶչͬʱҲŽһô
ҵ飬ô˼֣Ҳѵ㲻ӦøлҲ㻹л𣿡˵⻰ʱɢӴš
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ˮһ㶣ϼһﵹʵڣ˵ǼթءǸ׷Ŀĵļһ£ΪǿԲֶΣֻҪĿģֻҪܵǵĿģǿ伫
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Һ𣬿һŨŨѪζܿϵĻѩͱߵѪڻʴһɫѪۡ
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үؽЯ֮ˮԴʱˮ칬ѧʹԲͷȥӲүһ
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ҵǿΪүˣûүֻǸ壬Ǹ߼ߵǿǿ߶ڼѵҪԡ
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ɱһߵʱˮͻȻЩֱϵȥүõסˮȥ·
ûˡ塯ҿ㻹ʲôҶүûΪǰٶɥʲôӳ


404 ¥ǿߵвƮ
ƴˮ˵ŵʱеһöʯǸһ㣬貵ζȴĸо
ۣ
ٵԴѣ
ΧŽ˱ѪҺԽһȴû֪һ㣬һǸоԭô
ҵ˼ܳߣϧ쾳ҲûмֻǸӵܣҩൽ۷塣
ˮ¼ˮܸߵʵͬߣ˵塢ǻסƼʹҲˡ
ǰүΪˮڳ䲻ʹ壬ڲˣȻԸղŵЩ߱˺ܶϵУô˵ˮҲһ֮߼ĸɱġ
ԼսףԼʵɱӦû⡣үĶˮ

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ˮĽʵȫнűǽ
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үĽһչһ㣬һһˮȵǶԷϵԽԽǿ

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ϵֹȥȻÿζǺСۻҲǿµģÿһźһһ
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ѵҪˣˮֶڶ£ڼԼý̽үʺС
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ͷرʱпȥʱ򣬳˭˵ܵвʱ˭µҪǱܡ
ôҪұ𣿡˲͵Ʊ
ˣˣˮһ˲оȵףͬʱԹ
ڴʱһ

ˮ㲻һˣΣ
ʱˮ͸оĳ嶯ƮĽˮֲ֪ʲôʱʼѾôϤ
ǰ֮ʱѪҺ·𱻵ȼˡ
ۣ
ˮĳֱӽү̴ȺӵУ䣬ЩˮϴǾѾǵĳ
ˮ˵۸ˣҪʮ겻УǾͶʮꡭ
ˮֱˮ·ΪһѪħеѹиʱЩӵܼɱ
ˮ̧ͷſе𽣬Ʈһѩ׵Ĺɴٸ߸һѩ׵ķУһȾ
ݻǱѩ׵ɴס¶һ˫譸ǳ׵Щ֮ơ
һЩ׺µƺǣҲһҶĳѳ
ȴʵϵûߵʵѾﵽ߷塣
Σ֮䣬ǵڶˣˮζңɼŮˣипĶ࣬ˮ֪ΪʲôԼ
˿ˮоһҶһǶԼжˣһˡ


405 е۳ѨҲͨô
վڷϵɫĿƮˮվ涼ܿеĸӡ
۳ΪʲôÿζҪҹȥƮʵ
۳Ʈ֣֪֣ʶˮһʱɻƮ԰˵Ӧûʶ¥ˣһ
оˮӽ¥Ϻ񿴵һЩʲôҿ϶ǿݵݺеɣϢЩСǿ̫ˣѵǡ
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칬ˣһʲôԣƮҲûпǸ˵
Сʦãһ飬οҲûʧʲôαҪһֱң˵Ҷ㡭
ҲʦãҲ˵κλоԺҪʲô¥ҪЮ칬ˣҲ칬ͽ¥һսԸ⣬ܳܵסƮ˵˵
ˣ
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мˣһ˳ǡ
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ˮվ濴𽱳ϵƮƮˮٿͺ𽱳ϵˡ

׺ºͻĵĿƮ
ƮŮͷЦЦԶ켶ǿǵЦġ

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ˮֽӹȻƮһڿն𣬺ܿ͵ıϡ
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ԼϱͨѨаٸѨƮҲаҪˮһЩѾ΢΢˵εѨ·ǱƲס͸ôһ˿˿ĹΡ
ЩǼͨѨҪˮһѨҲҪͨˣһҪѨ
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ˮͨȴǺԼοնڵŮĽţһǽϲܴκζ
֪ġӿȪѨҪͨ𣿡
ˮ̽һ£ϾӦӦԼ飬ԼֻǱһ¶ĸм
ڶķǷ֮ˮûУŮˮûȥ׷ǰˮԼûһֵԺĶ˵׵Ա
ǰԱ
ʹˮоڼǵУǸ治ԱˮоοˮĻǸм֮顣
Ʈ˫һ㣬財ڡĿˮˮһӴĿæ㿪Լʧ̬ԵĶǱƮȴ¶Ц⣬ϧˮûп˫Ц
ҲͨѨ֮ˡ
Ʈˮ˵һ㾪Ц⡣
ǵģܰͨӿȪѨ
ˮĻƮĿˮ֪ѨҪԣԼͨҪʱ䣬ʮʮҲһܴͨ
֪ѨҪѵѥӣʲôҲܴҪֽӴԼĽѾһ뱾ܵľҪֻܾ뵽λһĻԼضˣǳĻŵĸо뵽Լؼı˺ܶΣһξ͵Сٴһλе龰
ˮƮԥ飬֪ԼΪ㣬̧ͷ΢Ц˵ҪǿҸܵͨѨҵĲһɴҵͨѨɡ
ˮͨ棡
ƮĻˮĻ˻ȥ뵽ղԼ뷨е죬е㡰ԹĿˮһۡ
ˮһп˵ʲôôҲ뵽Լ˵̫ˣΪԼͻͷʧȥһκƮġܽӴĻᡣ
ðɣҰͨѨĹҲɣҾʱһҰɣ㡣
Ʈݸˮɫҳ˵
ˮԥһ£ֽӹŵ
ţûʲôˣɣºһֱܳġ
ˮǺЦ


406 ȥˣһ
ҲãҲûʲô£ƮŮӣ˵˿ǺĽء
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ˮҲûнʲôΪҲûʲôý͵ġ
칬ͽ¥ʲôĶԹɲԺ˵˵
ˮڽ¥ѾҪΪһĲˣΪ¸¥Ĺϵ
칬ͽ¥޵У˵칬칬˺ʹ¥ʦֵܣҲΪһŮˣºףмһֱìܲϣүӵĶӾڽ¥Уȵȣһֱңмζ󶯸ɸꡣ
Ʈ򵥵˵һ¡
˫ǲǶҪԷ
ţϾɵѲ٣ֵǻŵʱѾˡңϣԷܴɷǱʽƵãеʱʵô򵥣еʱ֪ǴģҪ֣칬ͽ¥ìҲվбһ졣
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ߣݵףôס
ˮҡҡͷ˦ͷǽ̤ʵغãЩеԶ

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֪ʲôǿֽϻܿͻվĸߣһںܳһʱվرΡ
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ĸƾӹ֪ԼׯĿǣԼļΪһƽǿʲôҼԼ˵쳣𾴡
һжΪˮԼĶӣ
ˮЩ㣬ǵСʱʱ֪ԼʱʧҵڶǵôҲû뵽ȻԺ̤ң²Ϊָ˵֪Ȼֶ࣬һƴˡ
˵˵΢ЦϹ΢ЦԼµĴȴҪöʮĿޣҸˮ
ףǸ˵ӣޣĽҮ⿪ˣסǼžˣøˡ
ˮԱȦҲʪలο
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ԱߵޡӡԻʦװ׺ºͻڵÿˣǿˮĿˮоһиֵõġ
ʦװҲ֪ҵ飬Ѿ绪ӣԼδ뵽һׯԼʨ龰ʱôҲûһ졣
ϧעԼһ˵ġ
緹ºͼŮģƮûˮ֪ϰĳϣҪ˻˸ен
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ˮûаĿǷĽϣȻ˺ȻĶˮȴǴĿĲգǴʱãȴˮôҲû뵽ҲŸԵһ棬ˮпһã
ԭǱϵôԼ¶ĵףļįǱӦҲǿֻǱֵķʽһ˵ڵαװֻʱŻ¶ʵһ档
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ƮԷˮ֪㲻ţΪŮôԶѿ

ˮųԹʱȴǽӵ˹Ŀ⣬ǲ׺ºͻĿ⣬ʦװģͻζ
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ŴǿֵЦݣˮȻҲЦȴڵ¸¥


407 Ҳرˮ
ˮ֪ʲôʱصԼߣо費Ҫͽ¥һҪͽ¥սԼͻƵϹǿˮûκϣġ
ˮҲϣ칬ͽ¥ܾˣ˵ˮڻûʱ칬ΪʹʱˮҲѡ
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ҺҶˣˮûȫնݳƽʱ٣ʹˮﶼǺʢеģѪǺܶġ
һʱ䣬ҺƤ˺öΣǾˮңȻһļһоҪ군ˡ
ˮִңǰҲرԿ׶ˣֻҪˮӦ̾͸ˮԿס
ҵĲƸ൱˵ģҵĲرԿױڴģҺɻһЩģҵļҪɵҪһ㣬ԼƿҪشҪϻ󲿷ͬ⣬ִУеĳϻֻвûоȨġ
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Ǹ˱ϾʮаѰ࣬ǰȻףүүǸͷˮ֪ҲʵΣҪͷƴһΣ֪ǲǻϡ
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ȰƮ÷ƳˮԶһƬѩ׵÷÷һƬģҲֻɾְܳɡ
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ˮе㼤֪ͨѨҪԣԼеĻڶͨһѨرǡӿȪѨ

ջ˼ˮչҳ
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֫ѨͨһʵԼͨͨʵûʲôֽз
ˮſžˣΪ⡰֫ѨͨԼͨͨǰ֫Ѩֳͨڵ֫Ѩͨˮͨͨһ
ˮ֪ƮΪʲôĹΪԼĹǶһ޶ģڿݴ½ˮǺģԺҲԼԼϡ涫
ֻһˮѾסˣʶеͼˮϹĿٿһǿӡˮſʼ֫Ѩͨȫת˫ۺ˫ϵһ飬ˮͨͨôֿںû𣬸ס
ҲˮͨԲͨҲǴɾԵʣ֫Ѩͨر죬ܿ죬Ľ֫Ѩͨһ飬ҪͨѨӦûҪһЩʱա
˼飬оȫϤˣˮͣϢһ¾׼ʶеͨͨ¼һߡ
ΪûҵʵˮֱõǸˡ𾫱ʡд̨ʯ̨
ˮϸĿʯ̨һûϸһ̨ǷźöС۵ģˮ֪ЩСɫʵġ
̨һССĥʯСֻĴָСˮ֪īģȻǰ̫һ
ˮеһﵹһˮˮǵɾ׼űīأȴҲԺҪɾʲô׼һ㣬Աʱ֮衣
ˮӵˮڰĥľȻ°ɫһɢˮк뵽ʲôȴץס
ƤֽеģȻгġī°ɫˮóһɫƤֽ
ýıʸˣëӦ޵ǺƳɣˮоǵ
ˮá𾫱ʡմ°ɫġīһĸоĴӽ𾫱ϴˮϡ


408 ¯
ˮһǳɵĽͨͨдȴǴˣ
ǰȻ˵ѿƲϺÿˮԼȻǸӣȴǸоˣ·𱻷һһһԡ
һ˳òÿ˳ۣԽԽʣĻˮý𾫱д־Чƺһϡ
ֲõԻŮͼȻĻ˫𾫱ʡʯ̨ԲɺӣĳЩɫʶ𼶱޵ѪҺ
÷ҲƺˣϴȻһĶôӨ͸һȾƮһɵǵıһϢ˵ඥĸо
һεϴζһЩοˮȫ׼ƮԱϴθһࡣ
ʱ䵽ˮֱӳɾʱʱѾȥѾҹˣҹҲ϶ؼˡ
ҹ컹죬ȴǳˣһ̣ϵϵĻѩճĹâȻôھͨ¹µѩпԿ鱾ϵ֡
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ЩҸҵĲɣ
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ʹˣˮڱԼʵߵǰȻ޿κΣ½߶رעٶϵ
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ٶȺܿ죬תۼѾңǰÿ춼Уȴлһ㵭ѪζǶҹ˸оವġ
жǷֿģֻǼſסӵвرסլӿпȥǰһׯС̨ͤ¥ȫšɽѭСȫмʮ׾иСͤӣ֮ͤӡ
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ˮһ߸̾ҲǴ壬һ߲ͣİѶɾգżֵƵĶġ
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409 ջķᣬڵƮı仯
һкˮȻԼҪҩģǷˮԪҩеģϧǸų֪ʲôʱҵˮơ
ֻҪҩݣˮֱȫɾٴ򿪽пˣΪˮǰ򿪵ЩȻûǵǧҩġ
ˮڸо콵ƵĸоȷʵˬϷͻȻ༫Ʒװĸоˬˡ
ǰȥʵĽУģСһͷССֻȭͷС
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ֻһͷСɫ壬Ըܵˮİ
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޵ڵǧϵڵˮоСϴǧڵ࣬Ҫһ㡣
ⶫǧҩݻҪҪ֪ھݴ½ЩΪ֪ɽֵУǧҩݡǧꡢǧꡭЩҩ˵Ǳضǣȴ٣ֵطرա
Ծݴ½ƶǿߣǰ㹻ǿ
ɭֺ;ɽĵطеĲƸˣͬʱΣҲģݴ½ҽȥط˼١
ˮִһǰвĽУӦñǰĺҪһЩ򿪺һųɫڵ
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ǧǧµڵɫǧϵǧڵǳɫǧϵǧڵǳɫǧϵǧڵǻɫǧϵǧڵɫǧϵǧڵɫǧϵǧڵɫǧϵǧڵɫ
ϵڵ˵߲ɫ
ˮв֪ڵɫǽӽǧڵˣԼ𵤾ȱЩڵ
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޵ڵɫ仯һͻıɫǺͻһģֻͻɫŻı䣬ÿһͻʵҲǳɱӣȻͻѶȱ໹ҪѣϾǧһڵɫ
еĵͼżʳĳҩе»ǧ꣬ڵҲֻǳɫֻɫɫжʵȻʵжϵԽڵԽͬɫԽڵֵԽߣͬɫڵԽֵԽߡ
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һˮҲرĶ߽߳ɣʣµĶˮоԼʵûãһЩԼڵˮƽıЩǿö࣬ҲǺܺãˮֱˡ
һˮһʱ߳رǽԿң춫һ⣬֪ܿҪȫˡ
ˮص䣬ʵˮӳȥƮڴǰģֻˮûиоѡ
ÿοˮ󶼸оһĸоԴǶλеˮĥ˺óʱ䣬ǰֱһ˫ȵָĸо
Сôɫ쾲Щ
ʵ֪ˮɾÿһΣ㵽ƮϾÿʮΡοˮֹ
Ʈɴµ֮˾Ȼе糺죬˫κʵӴʱҲһЩˮ
ϧû˿û˿մȾ쳾ϢģֻǺܿٴλָɫԼȺΪ֪Լǰˡ
ϻˮƮͣһλһԵ÷˵٣ˮл˵ǰŲ
ˮ֣ԼûԻͲ׺ӵ뷨֪ôϣܿԼԸⱻӣˮ˵ˡ
ˮóдͨͨƮԼҳԼȫ÷ƣϡ
㻹пռ㲻Ǹ𣿡
ƮֵĿˮϾռ̶Ѿ޿ɹƣҪ޵ƤëҪ޲ſԣƿռķرϡ١
ƿռĪڶʤݵĽңӵпռһ㶼Ǵͷ֮ˣԼĿռ
Ʈҡҡͷ
ˮЦŵͷţ
ƮֽĶҲпռֻʣϵ÷ƣһһĶ˫µСס
ֻյͨͨļƤֽһ㶣ʱֵĿˮһᣬʲôҲû˵
ˮ֪Ǹܵˡ
컹ûдɴˮֻһŲ輸ŵϴ㣬ܵȴˮ
ۿľĶǣĽˮôҲû뵽Ů˿̶ֳȡ
Ʈһ˫ѩ轫ĸӴ򿪣ʱϤ˱Ƕ룬Ʈһ壬Ƣôһ˲ʧ
ĽеһֻС׵߷ҪһֻС׵ʱˮæס
ⶫǶͻаҾͱˡ
ˮ˵ޱȣҲʼڣоԼʲôƮ̲סе̡
ƮˮȴЦˣһЦˣˮ׵ıݣҫۣˮ
ˣôԸҺһ
ƮˮеԵĿⲢûзУоԼ˫峺˫ۡ
ֽһֻ׵߷
ˮعɬЦЦһֻСףллһٵľεʱ̣Ҳ˵һʵжرġ
ڴĽڻرҾͲˣԺҾȵ־ƾͺˣⶫӦֻԼаɣҺȹúȵĶ
ƮЦЦҲ˾ס

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ϵĶоյ˿ռУˮùֻҲ˽ȥ
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ǽȥңô˵ҲҪȥлл˼ң˵ؽ㡣
ˮ΢ЦĿࡣ
΢üͷ
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ţ
΢ЦˮͷٿԿЦˣȻǳǿԿ϶ǾЦݡ
ǵĴңҼȻֻؼҵһԺ཭ĵطҲһϵҫҡҡ޼֮ܺҡҿҲΪй˵Ĵڡ
˭ؼộҲǹ°Һ˶ŸɣҲΪ֧ŵˮǸ
ҵĸۡҾʹˣƻǽҪԵĵһΣſҲֻĸվڵġ
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ˮһͨһ£
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ˮɫ൱ĳݡ
ˮӣԼʲôʱôˡ
˴ˮһ߽ңʣµһ˿ٵ뿪
ұϾҲǴң˵ûҺôݻô˵ҲǵĴ壬ͥԺʩеĶС
Žµʯ棬žžԶˮϵĿΧĽһЩǴӻǹҵһЩӵԼԺ
е˿ˮһ˺ĿŹ⣬е˿ûʲôӳһЩ˸ûˮһ˿
һ·󣬾Ϳһ˹߰ˣͷһ׳ˣ׳ȴǿݵ֣Ĺ°ʱ֪ͷľǹҼˣм仹׷ͯյߡ
ˣʧԶӭ¼£
Զ˸олء
ˮоǸǳӦǺŮϲģСȴżеļ⣬յŮ֡
ŮСգӼвӢŮ˺ܶ඼ϲߴͻҪܸɵˡ
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ЦŴˮһһ¥ȥ
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ˮ°Ŀȫ࣬ɵЦ°ǸӣˮȻȷʲôֿܸܵġ
ֻˮԼı֪°·;ܼѣΣˮѻ°ܳɲܾͿ컯ˡ
ˮ˽ϲڣй𣬴һҲĵúܿģر˵½ϵһЩϡŹֵĶʱպǻԾ
ʶ㣬ˮԼʶҪ࣬ںˮĵʱҲˣȵ˴ʱҲŹҵŮڳʱϯһ߶ˣұ߶Ůˡ
ˮоͦϸĵģ


410 Ϊҽ㣬Ҳ
Ҳǹ°ĸףһ̴ĸˣӷ·ˮϵķɬСѾͷϲϵģʹǸˮɱҲѶá
ֲֻһӣҲ̾Ů˾ԼֶΡ
ˮ̲ס̾Ů˵
ˮ˵˵Ⱥȣｻ̸Ǵ½ϵɱ޵飬ǱѪ֡
Ǳߣ޵ĹˣһԼĶӺԼˮһ˵ºøһ˫öŮ
ᵽ͹°ʱӶ࣬°鲢ûף˵˿Ժ׵ľ֪ӵ£Ͼ°ΪʲôҲ˵ˡ
ǰ޷ᣬȴ˵лģڽȣҲǰǸŮ
ˮһһҪסһʱ䣬ࡢԡ°ˣҶ۾ۡ
һƺ󻶿˵
ס첻ˣԺǶ߶߶ʱӭǰ

ˮֻڹҴһ죬ĿʵǸһϵҶ߶һ£ˮ°ӡ󲻴Ծܵĸᡣ
ǣ཭Ժ˭ˮûȤ֪ǿԲµˣҲˣʣµҼƹܣǾǹҡҺ޼⼸ҡ
ˮѾ̤˻ذǵĹ;೤ôǵһ뿪ǣҲǵһγݡ
վڻϾĿΧʱߵİƣʱԶǿͷգҲῴµĴúɽһ˿Ǻܿȥ
վԱߵˮķӳҲԼ֪˼һ˿ɫ
ʲôأ
ˮЦ
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Ц˵
㣬ԺЦЦ⻹ҵһμЦҽÿֲܰѹ°סˡ
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ಢûЦĿˮˮĿеĮе㸴ӣһϧĿ࣬ǹ֮⡣
ǲҺ͹°һҺ͹ҵĹϵ
˵仰ʱˮҲȻˣ֪ղΪʲôַӳΪұƵӹΪ
㣬һҵвһͷҪˣеܵһ죬Ͳ۸㣬˭Ҳǿκ㲻ϲ顣
ˮ˵
࿴ˮˣиоرůǸߺ󣬾û˺Լ˵ĻΪŮʮԺûиܵȫУһԼѪԵϵˣԼĵܵܣǸǿߣԼ˵Ļʱг衢а
ָоĳ嶯ǸоޣѹҸĸо
࿴ˮȦ΢΢죬ˮۿתȴǹŷĵЦ⣬滨ꡣ
Ϊʲôá
һӱסˮͣ˵
Ϊҽ㣬ѪһĸͬĽܣǽĽܡ
ˮı˵

һºˮһһ·˳Ļصǣ
ˮһ˻صңһֱŵһҲر౴ϲõĶˡ
˵ܹȥ㣡
Сɣ
ţҲֻһŮˣá
౴ȵǰֿĵ˵

޻ĵͻׯˣ
ڶ죡
׺ºͻҲز˿ˣ
ΪԵˮھ뿪οҲҪˣˮʲô鶼ŵ˵
ׯ
һصѾʱͿһͷվſڣ˾һֱҲˣˮΪүүˡ
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޿ʱĵĺ
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˵ͬʱеǸӡ
޽ˮǵһϸ˵˳˵һֱƽһɣرǻǵ˫Ҳޱȡ
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޿Ŀչ嫣
ЩĶ̸ˮ
ԥһչ嫲ſ˵
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޾˵иžϲĳɷ֡
ɣҰڻʣµЩͽ̸ˮɣˣˣȻҲһǵļׯƵ̶ֳȣоǿѾͷˡ
˵൱įӢĩ·˳ĺĸо

࣬𣬻𣿡
ˮڶڳˡ
ͱǺܶ˶Ϊȴ͵ģѾ֪û
Ťͷˮ
ֻҪûκ⣬ܵƱﵽ죬Ŵѵʱ䣬ξݴ½
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𣿡
ȴɻĿˮ
ܣ㶫
ˮǺЦš
һЦˮߵ¥һһ£ˮطһɾ
֮֮֮֮
ǧǧĿٶһһЩЩĿĵĿˮʵÿ˶ģ˭ͻȻôʵǺܿĵģӵЩ˵Ǹоʵ
㣬һȥ˳Щ
ˮЦĵ˵ڲŮǰ̫նˣˮԶ˵һοָоʱ͸Լ˵һҪ֡
ˮоԼҪˣģˮоԼʱҪˡ
¹
ˮϤԼڵٶȣϾ˲ôٶȣϤԼٶȾѧϰ¹ʼ
¹ϰ˾ͽ̫ȭͨȭڻʺ¹ϣһһ
ˮڽ̵̫ȭͬʱԼ̫ȭܿʱ͵˳緹ʱˡ
һӳر֣ҲӦʽϾһһֱġ
㣬Ҵȥǣ˵˵ˮСʱĹ¡
ˮ
ʦװͻʦȥˣһ϶ǱҵˣڰǣѾǸĴˡ
ǰҺҲ֪ôڰǴˮƣòСϢҲǺǿġ
཭Ǳ˿ǿĿ཭ĿǣǵףһףȻ˿İһ߸ˡ
ôܲ𺳣۵Сڶ⣬ΪˮˮѾͰȫҹˡ
ǵ˶ǺܿģΪˮػڡðǵٺܶൣģ½оֵһ
ݴ½˺УҲѪǿĴ֮һﶼȱǵĴڣܺһǿɶԿСܺͰĳǶԿ


411 ̨ƣɾľ̤
ǿְҵѪȡְҵջԣͶ㣬Ե֯Ҳʹøְ취˲š
ұǶסһǺѵģһǣԶ˳ˣˡ
ջ󲻳ɹΪǲջûջ˵ˣûвᱳѵһ֮ԲΪѵĳ뻹
ͽͨŮǮ¼סԼвҪЮֻҪץסͲ㲻ԹԾͷ
ֻһջˣǾˣ
Դˮ󣬰ǸڲϵתƣѰһʺԼĳǡҲеˮ
һܴɽƽɽƽеɽʮͨٽġտԴǡΨһͨ
ǰɽǿ࣬һӸݵǿǴˣŴ·Ը˶Ǻµ
µʵǿҰҲһָǿ󣬸һˣʣĻв֧ǿ֯ȴҪµϽһֵĲ
ͷǿѹҲ󣬶ҲпᣬʧСûˣҲԭǿÿ춼ǳԺõġȺõģƯŮˣϾǹŵѪӣ˵һͻȥ
ķչµⶼѾٽˣǡտԴǡǣ·ˡУҪ·ѡ
ʲôҲû󣬻Ǯ֣ö֮Щˡ̶ӶѾЩǿˣԼͳһһÿһŶҪһĹ·ѣֻĹ·Ҫһ㡣
µͷһһ뺷󺺣һնԶҪǸʦֻƶҩβҩһƣƶҩϱ˭
ʮǿƾǶҩʵߺܶ˶ӻʹ۹۵ﵹҲǻķˮ
ֻʱһŮһ˼һĸŮ˯ˣͱˣǧ˵ĺµӵֻʣ٣һţֲֻ۵Сط졣
ûжô룬ҲûתУԼĺµ֯ʮУж⣬ԼĺµҲҪǰĺµǿҪһļ塢ܿ⣬ȻѰһķ˵֯
磬ȥǸˮǴ˵Ǽ˰
һͬ뺷˼ĺһ˵
ΪҲŴҪϧһеĽǺµУβɹʡ
һаȵĻһ㡣
ԵܡһʧǿҪȫûˡ
ẺӾȵʵ
ţ᲻úײסǣֻҪǺµȥݳǻˣ׬ǮƯŮˡ

ˮɾ
ЩҲرĶ¼ʲôĶóָˣǿĵˮͬҲǺܿġ
ˮҲرõڵõľһųɫģڵǧң뵽𵤻ҪǧԼµǧǧڵͷƤ顣
ҩֱ޵ڵǧ޵ڵһǧڵǧڵǧڵǧڵǧڵǧڵ
оǧѩľһšǧĹѪΡǧ˲Ρǧ֥㡢ǧڡǧѪɺǧɺѣ
൱켶ǧ൱۷壬һǧ൱ʳʵǧ൱弶ʵǧ൱߼ʵǧ൱ʰ˼ʵ
ǧڵҪҪɱ۷ޣͬȼܺͬսƽ
ɱǧޣǳ۷߶Ѱ쵽ߵǿɰ쵽ϧ̫ңԶ
ˮҡҡͷ۶ôѣԼҪ쵽

һѵıʯˮܿģʯ½Ͻʯڱʯ解½Ͻлʯһɫʯͷˮ֪ʲô
ʱ±ʯ
ϱʯõĻϹŶ֮ϱʯֻҪ¯¼׺ֳ򣬲ķѵǾ
ںϣ
ҪȫĵͶ룬ҪǿҪǿʶǱõĺϳɷ
ˮ֪½ôϳɵģˮоԼֺϳɷܶأҲܼ򵥣ֻǰҪϹΪͨʶ۲ںϣвͻȫϡ
һˮ֪ô򵥣һʯϳɶľȻˮоеֲļʯѾ൱൱ˡ
ҲǵһεԵʣоƣ룬ʱע߶ȼУв̾͹һˮ˵ǸоһκϱʯȻþġ΢иǿˮû뵽ģʱĸ߶ȼк΢ûЧ
ˮԺԵһʽһѱʯԼϳɺܾˣΪϳһ϶ÿʯòֹһΣ˵ⶫرʱ䣬Ȼ͡΢ĺôء
תһϹǿѾһʮ죬ͻƵһʮ졣ˮоͻһҪʱҲԽԽˣͻƵһپʮҪʲôʱ
ˮ޲ھܴﵽһپʮ죬ͻ첻ˮ룬֪ô򵥣һپʮֻҪʱۻͿԴﵽ
̤
ˮ̤һˣȻȫʱ䶼ķھ̤ϣɾл̤Ҳнһʱˣڻûиоǡ֮ˮûзΪ֪ĶôɹģϾǰߵļζ϶Ļʱ䣬ɾʱ䶼ʮĿޡ
ˮһ೤ϢȻա֮зУ澭֫ٺ
ÿζǼһѭʱͶˣҲ֪ٴˣˮоԼһھ֮һ澭֫ٺҲ֮ˣ
̾ˮ֣һȥˣ⡰֮ûκεķӳˮҲ֪ǵڶٴ̾ˡ
̾ˮûˣҲϵˣԳ˵㶫óһ
ԴϴξһֱûˮҲûùÿĴǲϵġ
ˮʱص㻨ϹǿϣĹͬҲҪʱڲ֪߹

ˮǰֱһֱţ֮ˮǿĿĿɫҲֻԼĿ;ڶԵˮĿǰûдù

칬

ˮһģÿҪϰһ飬Ȼʱ仨ڡ̤棬ˮԽĹԽǿ󣬺οˮ֪̤ľ޴
ֶˣ
ÿֻһ

ˮһδεУһδεʧܣÿζһ̨ۡʧܣֻҪͨ󱳡̨λãֻҪ̨ܴͨﵽһѭ
˼Ƭ̣ˮٴһ೤Ϣ澭֫ٺС
һγ̨λõʱˮȴͻȻ˺ȻȻ֮տʼ֮Ȼؼһ֡ˮųһͷһԡ
޼᲻ݵĺȻ֮֮
ôʱÿ򶫷ĺȻѾǰǿ˺ܶ࣬رϴͻƺӲ١
Ȼһ೤ϢȻĳ̨֮
ž
ˣ
ˮôõġ̨ͻˣˮоӵһ˿ɫ緢˿һŸղŴͨĽ֮Ĺ·߻УһתϹת֮ͬֻߵ徭һ
ͬʱоڵǿȶһ΢ı仯Ҳоľľĸо
ˮ˿֮ת˲֪ٱ;ţһѭѭ
֮ȻϸСȴǼ͡ϬԵһ׳Ųġ֮ת˲°飬ʱ䶼Ѿȥˣ
ս˵ˮѾǾ̤СɾˣȻСɾҲСɾ硣
ˡ֮ҪԼֻ֮ˮϹ˿֮һӴʱˮסˡ
ˮоһ˲巢һ仯ָо·ˮһ㣬ˮ𾪵ԼġϹûк֮͡Ϲɫֱӽ˿ɫĽ֮ס
ˮĸ֮ܵϹУȴǸоѾëôϸˮоĹ֫ٺõ˲СȫķٶҲߵĸо
ɵľ̤
ȻֱǴɾľ̤
̤Ҫľһס֮֮Сɾ磬ܺ߱ںϺǴɾ磬ȫںϾԲ硣


412 һ̤֮˵֮ʥ
ˮ֪Լǽ֮ԼϹںϣȴȫںϣˮѾоëߴֵĽ֮֮ǿУӰٶȣǿе㡰ľĸоֵֹģȴǺܿġ
õǿʱָо
ȫȻȻһ£
ԣ
ˮѾľ̤ɾɵ屶ڵ
һ̤㳬һǧľ
һصһҵҡΣϳһƣһ㣬ȴǺܿ
ɾ

ˮЦ⾪ϲҲ̫ˣһ̤ɣǿһʮ
ͨȭ
ˮȫӻһҪɾ޸ǿ󣬹Ͳˡ
ˮԼΪʲôôﵽ֮ɽ׶Σֻܹ鹦Ϲϣ֮ˮʵҵԭˡ

ϣˮڳľԼˣ˶ڿرǻΣѾľ߻򣬴Ѿﵽɾ硣
ˮṩǳľ񵤣ȻֻƷʵľ񵤣ֻǰһɹߵͬĹЧھݴ½Ҳ˭ġ
νųŬ֮̿⣬ҪеһЩĶڳľ񵤣ʮֵһһٰʮ
֮⻹һ֡ʥľ񵤻Ҫǿ󣬼൱ʮɹ
ϧĶ̫ˣһʥô½ͷ­Ķⶫļֵ˵ĹҪǿ
ˮԼһʥǾ̫ˣתһ룬ԼѾɾʥǿޱˣҡҡͷ˲̫̰ģˮ׿
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ˮ߹ȥЦǺǵĽӹеĽʲôأҶվһˡ
Сʱ׵ĽҵĽҷ벻
į˵
㣬һ׽ҲõĽܼ򵥣ȴǴ򵹹ߵĽ
ˮתע
ɵĻʱʩչÿ˶ܿǽĻȴˮȫζ
׾ɣ豹棡
ⲻǻ𣿡
ྪȵĿˮ۶ǲ˼顣
԰κһֹ似ڵļֵҲĶ֮ûȤѧ
ˮѽݸ˵
У׾ѧᣬΪʲôûм˭ܰѻõ̶أ
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ΪʲôҲʺϣ
౴ҲЦˡ
Ѿѧ˱ĽѧĶҲеӣֿķʽˡ
Ŷʺַʽ𣿡
౴ʵ
ˮͷЦţû似ֻһ׹һĽͲʺǲܴﵽ̫ߵľˣΪԳڻУһһֱƯ·ڣôҲȻģһû·ˣٴڵͻᴩĺܺãΪǰãҲȻ
Ҳܣˮ磬Ҫһ似ò𣿡
౴ҡˮĸ첲˵
ţðɣȥ˵£һǵ㶫
ˮЦ˵
㣬Ҹ˵˵ɣȻĶϰǧ飬ЩҸ˵˵ٿ߶·
ˮ΢Ц˵ȻץסŽ֡
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ˮ̰˱ʦװķ۵ͷ˱еҺһֵֻǻԲ̵ͦϸŴʦװһ֡

ˮʶһֱڱʱܵеǵ˫޹ͻȻеԽԽ졣
䣡
˫޹·ͻĳֱһ㣬ˮĻҲѸɢȥͬʱˮͨӷֱֻܸо˫޹ʱǵȴǱһ˿һĳɫ
ͻˣ
ˮҲоϹǿҲ˳Ľ뵽һʮ죬ˮľþòƽ
ʦװѾ˯˹ȥˮԼŮˣһʱдĶ࣬ˮ˼Ǹ˫޹ϡ
⹦ˮ˫ǰ콣ڵ·ʱһɫϵõģˮо˫޹ͻˡ
βˮ˳ͻƵһʮ죬ˮоǰһ족ӵʵǿ
һֱˮҵаʱо䴦ʦװĶ˶ӣˮ֪Ҫˡ
Ů˺Ĵ˯ÿʵŮʱʦװĽëգ£һ˫ӿˮʱȴǱþŶ
ôҿҡ
ˮüͷĶͷ˵
ղźÿ£
ˮ
ˮʦװ·ʱѾϦˣһڼʦװ˯˶ʱʱȥˡ
ˮʦװԱе㡰󡱵գúرԣһܿ
ˮĿԼʦװ΢΢ͷһˮǰԵúСŮˣˮоرů
˵鲻οġ
ˡ

ʱҴҶתۼһ¹ȥˣҲһѩұ׼ׯģֻƳ졣
һʱˮľǡ̤˵ûͻƵԲ磬ȴǰѴɾ糹ȶ
ˮûȥѧϰΡսΪˮ֮֡ҪĶˮȰεġ̶֮ġ󼼡оˮѶϿһ飬μģûȥƣˮȤľһС߲ӡĶҩļֶ֮һ˵Сһ
߲ӡǴ߲򼡢߲֩롢߲Ыӡ߲ʴߡ߲ܡ߲ʱڻޡ߲ʳо綾֮ϲȡĲ֣ƶɡ
˵ԽƯĶԽжÿһֶ߲֮ɫƯޱȣҲϡޱȣ߲֮ɫĶǴ½ٵģ־綾ֻ֮Ҫͨ˽ʮ׷Բ̱Һãֶ涼˼ɽС
Ѿ˵춯ׯ
ڶ쳿һÿˮرģѾʶҪԣҪ˼ලǿơ
ϵһĽ
㣬ׯסʱĵطһϲġ
ˮԱߵ˵
ţС˵һ޼ʵׯޣɭ֣Ŷˣܴԡ
ˮ˵ѾˮԼ˺ˣҪѾҵͥˡ
ȻˣСʱϲɽȥӣܺóԵġ


416 ɫҳչ
ʱ֣޳ǰðõһׯȥһڰǿš
ڰʱ򣬾͸ϵׯȻׯֻһٶɽߣϴҲţ߱ľ˲ʱʱ䡣
ׯӣкԶˮѾ˺ǵЦԼıըζˮ̾±ζҪءҪ硢Ҫ־á
ԶҵʱˮͿ⹫͡үүſڵʯ壬ϦǵӰĺóó
˿һʱĵֱӰ̶ˡ
С
´óһǹָǳԡ
ֵǹСӸ˵ܿˣС˵һ䡰лл̡˺Լչңÿ϶ǹЦݣչ嫵ĿˮϣϹЦݡ
ԽԽоûʲôоغںתۼѾꡱˣˮ㷵칬ˡ
ˮΪ׼Ĺ͵ҩʲôѾˣȴүӴǱʱȥչ嫡
ˮ㣬ŲԶչסȥˮо⹫ɫе֣û˵ʲô
ˮСǶҲүүоȲδ硢ֹˣˮǴӹɢһְȻͦΡ
飡

ﴫչϤ
ˮŽ룡
үү
еǺϲϵүӣչ嫶ҵ˸о޻Ҫס
ˮˣ
չ嫿ˮĵ˵
үүҪ뿪ңҪ칬ˣϵ𡣡
ˮЦ˵
ţҲûȥˣ칬һˣϧԱ࣬ȥƾҪҪˣĳѾ칬ˡ
չЦ
ЩˮȴǸоһˮоүүһĿԸˡ
ˮû˵֪үӻ˵ȥġ
ˮݴ½ޱȣȻΪ֮һϧƲƫԶǾΪƶ֮أҪǿļҷŵݴ½ȴǲġ
չ嫿ˮ΢Ц˵
үүǲûߴڣЩǲߵĴڡ
ˮɻʵ
ˮʱڱĶõģƿˮ죬ƿˮε¶Ĳ£ǲڰصģʱʵһǾԣȻǵһǾ˵ˡ
չ΢ЦĿˮ
ˮƺ뵽ʲôûʡ
ݣȻϡٵݵ۷ҲʲôÿݵһɶߵĴڣ߳𾳽󣬴һһÿһ죬ÿһ֮Ĳߺͺ֮Ĳ𣬼ûԽսĿԡ
չ΢Цſˮ
ллүүЩ
ˮҲ֪ǿߵʵݻ¾һ
ˮҪ뿪ˣ㶫ɡˣҲûʲôˡ
չתķ䡣
һһɫ鼮ɫҳֻһˮסˣΪɫҳĹس̶ȾԲ˫޹ɫҳ
д֣

ⶫɣĳɾͿûԵˣǱʥݡּҡ߱䣬ϧѾΪʷˣˡ
չƺ˵ʲôվû˵
үүǲʲôҪҰ£ܷԸ
ˮ˾뵽үҲ֡
չϸֳһ־ʹ࣬Ȼ󻺻˵ڻ̫ʮ꣬Ҳʮлˣʱһ˵ɡ

ˮ߳չ嫵ķ䣬һ·Ŷչį飬ʹ׻һҶ赹ǲ£
ּңΪʷ
ҲһҶһˡ
ףôһֱûͨүү壬˵Ӧʵô
ˮžúбҪȥһүүǸ߼ǿߣôԼҲᰲһЩ
үү
ˮվſںһ
֨
ſˣչѾָȻˮ΢Цôˣǲеطס
ˮʱȴͨչ嫵ĵ;ȻʲôҲˡ
ݽߣǴϡ
үӣҿɲԸѰ
ˮչ˵Цҡҡͷ˵
ˮĻչһȻҡͷЦҲ֪㾫ͨһЩҽҵľˣԼûκϣˡ
ϣˣСӰѰΣ˵Сܰϸκء
ˮִŵĿչ嫡
չԥһ£ЦЦ䣬ȻôţѰΡ
һչֱۣˮţʵˮʲôҲˣֻӣ׼Ҳûͨá
ˮüͷ
үүܸǰʲôʵҪ
ˮչʵ
չԥһ˵۷壡
ˮȻЦЦģүүΣϧڻȱһζҩܰʵߵʵһζҩҵҾүүȫָ
ھһָʵ
չǲţʵϾ֪ԼûκϣˡݽߣϣҲǿҩάء
Ҫֻ֪Ҫָ죬ͨտе֮ԪҲͻָԪ
һָʵҾͿԻˣڼҴһʱɣ츳Ļʹʱ䳤һ㣬û츳ĻͿ˰ɣҪҪ

ˮ뵽ǰеġɽ뵽ΰ˹ֵķ
үүһȰָʵȻڽһɣ
ˮЦɿչ嫵š
ãã
չ˵ʱеʮǰ屻ҼһΪϷˣӵݲ˿ҲˣϡͿׯһһֻ޶ġͷǡƵҺޣҲΪҡ
չֻһ̿ϥڴϣˮóõʮŸ;Ÿ룡
ʥ֣֮
ܿˮ˫ֱþӨе͸Ȼʼչ嫵ظ󱳵ѨĴÿһĴ򶼻һһСչ嫵徭С

ˮչ˲¾ǧ£ظﶼϸϸ˲֪ٱ顣
ˮͨĹ۲£չЩѾھоܲţʱˮγһᡣ
ڰγһ벽ȣ
һˮγһչ嫵ϡ

ˮһչ嫵ϣ
ˮͨ۲£һµʱչ嫵ľ͵ﶼۿɼٶȲš


417 ּ޽
ˮһºչ˫Ŀ⿴ˮ˾Ǿϲ
ΪѾܵһ˿֮ӡͨ족룬ϵѾɺԵľ͵
ˮˣ̫ˡ
չŴۿˮԾɫɡ
үүԼһȶȻתһһҰ롣
ˮеƣ˵
չ嫵ͷмĿˮȻ΢΢۾
ˮҲǻļӿϹǿУﵽһʮϹǿˮδ
ʵˮһֱԼĴ󻹵Ϊˮ뵽˴󻹵Ч߶ɵȫʵ߶ʮԪʱˣúڰʱʵһʱһʱ䣬ÿ˽޷һһţֻˣʱһʵʱһʱ䣡
ˮоӦÿ־ƣʲô̶ˮͲҿ϶
ϧǷβȻûκ޷ơ
ˮûʧΪǰξչֶɾгˣˮоԼӦÿҵβֻҪʱ䣬ַʽҵǾͲ֪ˡ
תһϹǿָˮչ嫻ڻת֮ɫǰҪܶࡣ
ˮѸٽչϵȡ£һչ嫾˱ƽʱ۾ˮĿ⸴ޱȡ
үүоô
ˮ΢Ц˵
̫˼ˣκˣҽҲǸʦ𣿡
չ嫿ˮ˫ۼڷŹ⣬·Ҫ͸ˮƵá
ˮ֪ǰǸʦֻЦŵͷ
һͷչ嫸ӻˮǸʦһǸʿˣҽ𼶱ҩʦ޷⡣룬½ʿӶ࣬ҲһҪ𼶱𡣲뵽ˮΪͷǰɡ
ˮʦǸǿҽʦһǿߣܰһӲĺӵ̳ĸ߶Ҫʲôʵ
ˮиʦһҪúõץסᣬݴ½ƾԾɡ
չ嫿ˮ΢Ц˵
һģүүֻҪҵζҩϻָʵϰٳ߸ͷһ̤ľ硣
ˮɵЦ
ָܻʵѾˣҪܴĻģֱͻƵ˼ûС
չҡҡͷЦ
ˮͻҪĳŵرģǿֱͻƵģүүҲ֪Ͼ۷壬һǴӱʥģ߶ûУֻܵ;˵
үүͻʵǲҪһЩĶչ嫿ˮеԺ˵ڶʵˣʦӦûģˮʦûиЩ
ʦѾܳʱûҹˡ
ŶʵͻÿҪĶһйϵԹͻƵ𾳽Ҫһö֮ˮԵĹҪˮ֮ԹҪһ֮ԹҪ֮ľԹҪľ֮
½Ĺԣֻǵ͵ȼĹҲˮԿɫ֮ҵľֻɫ֮
ǻɫˮɫɫǳɫľɫ
ȻϴĲһˮоչ˵Ӧ׼ȷϾᵽŵرܶĹżİ
ȻЩһޱȣÿһŶܺļֵ˵һ۷ҵԼƥĹӺͿ˳𡣡
չ嫿ų˼ˮЦ
үүЩǲرϡ٣
ˮչʵˮ֪ԼҪҪ֪ЩϢӦкôοЩĹӦòֻͻɣʹƽʱǲҲŲЧ
ϡ٣Ȼϡ٣֮˵ֻھݴ½ߵľɽеɽմ½˶֪ġȻĵطûУֻûھɽϵļʴ󣬡ˮ֮һ޼ʵġϺĵشУˮűɽкѷɫĿֲ޴ڡ
չ嫴˵һ֮ڻɽɽϣǳػ緢ϣϻɽӴյأһ֮ޱȣ֮ġŷޡľŷ֮塯һĸߴɽϣͬΣޱȣ˵ضǶ棬ľ֮½û˵ȷеĵطΪϺֹɭҲֹ
ˮչ˵ЩطÿһǾݴ½׵أֲЩÿһõĴ۾ԶǾ޴ġ
Щ֮ǿػšˣػɱҲǵòûʵСŵرǻСȥġ
չ˵ˮҲ֪Ϊʲôû֣߳ӦúػĪĹϵ
үүػǲǻ𼶱ޣ
ˮʵ
ţʵ󲿷ֶ۷ޣ۷е̳ʦ൱Ĳмٻ𼶱ޣЩӳǧϾͻ𼶱ػ۷ҲԼصǿеľ綾е죬еա۷ʮ˶ǶԷĵ֣ĺ˵˸ҲܲɵĵһΧյأ۷弸Ǵ粽С
չˮЦ˵ꡣ

һ̸ɫҲˣ
ˮɣ֮ˣҲܻˣҸ㽲⻭ĻĶҲܻһЩۿһˡ
չˮЦ
ţ뿪ˣүү
ˮ˵뿪ˡ
չ꣬˴ٹŻذǣҳӷⶼׯˡ
Թ޴Сȥˣطҿȥˡ
ھеʱ䣬οׯֵͦģϾꡱûй꣬ˮҲȥߡ
ˣϴĸׯͷɢĵʱǼǰˣˮĸ׵ķ䡣
أһȥɣǼžˣһȥɢɢģòá
ˮЦš
ãߣࡣ
м䣬ұߣˮߣׯĽͷոպڣȴ˺ܶ࣬ҲǾݴ½ǰеӡʲôģһ㶼Ըȥһ˴һֵġ
̺ãˮ磬㣡
·˶ǿ˺ȵĽе
ˮ΢ЦĵͷǿĵĻһ䣬ֻǳЦš
ºܿģЩĽݵĿ㣬һжǶӵԭ̤ƽңׯҲǿޱȣǰΪҵԭׯ˵ʱܵв
ȻЩеѾ̬ӣеѾΪ˸ĸеѾȥΣʱҲã˵Ҳã֪ˮһкǺܿģׯҫ
ˮ㿴ЩƯŮһֱ㿴ء
΢ЦĿˮ˵
ȻǰеĮʦװһǰѾŵúܿں֣ܿҲᾭ΢Цˣǰ֪ˡ
ˮ磬ҵˣ˵ľһֻޡ
ͻȻһٵĴׯһ˹
ޣ
˵𣿡

һʱΧΧˡ
ûУҾԶһ־ˮˡ
˵һ·ġ
ˮȴ뵽ϴ·ҰɽʱһֻޣǲҲȥҲΪǴξȻͻƵϹǿ쾳磬Լ̤֮С
ֻ֪޽ǲһһֻ
ˮɻ˵ֻֻһ˲䣬ˮº˵㣬ȹţȥ
ޣСĵ㡭
µĻû˵ˮЦЦͿٵʧǰ
ľ֣
ˮʶչٵƬɭָȥˮŷԼûľ
·ϲϵׯˣڸˮָ￴
ˮ֪޵ٶȣڸоѾûʲôˣҲڽвԵ뵽޽޶ӿ졣
ˮչٶľбܣЩ޴ľ֮ٵĴţһʶ޵ټ
㱼˲ʮ·ʱˮʶڳټȻֻܸоԷǿȣоʵȻ۷׶Ρ
ˮоǽޣѵ⼸꣬Ҳô죿
ˮٶȻǺܿģһӲʱ䣬ˮˣǽޣֻˮо˼޾ȻһֻҲ֣ϾϡٵģˮҲû뵽ϵڶֻޡ
ˮԼϢиоģˮԾǰֻһ׳Ľȴֻвһ׳̡
ˣŨĶǾ
ˮܲףʵǿ˺ܶ࣬ܶ࣬ΪʲôηСˣǰСһȦȴ΢΢һ㣬ƣܿɰҰɽеЩҰȻ֮
ɫȳɢŽһĹ֫ȳǲһŸƵĸоˮоر졣


418 ѱޣٴ
޿ˮԵӣе׺ݵ˫۾ĿˮҲܵǰ˵Ŀ¡
ϴλĸǰ죬Ҳҵ˷츲ر仯
ˮŽЦЦ
õǳĬ
Ժҳô
ҸƯá
ˮһʱҲģŶ޵С˵

߰ɡ
ˮŽޡ
ץȥɣ
ˮ֪˵ûãҲֻ̽Сǲͨ飬˵꣬ˮͻȻץӲӵĽޡ
ˮǣСûܣԼһԶʱȴԼΪ̫ͻȻٶˮȣæצΪһִ̫
ԣ
ˮַ·ӲĽϣȻˮþȫ´ˣˮ֪ԼСˣΪɵСȻû˿ãֻǽԼ˿
ǰɭɭ͹ˮҧеĹâҲ쳣ײУȻղˮһѾ׼ŭ
ˮͻȻ뵽ˡܡоֵֻãˮоʱٶҲǿµģҪ޵ĳɳԼߡ
ܡĿɹʧߵıԣήκ츳öԷõһЩôΨһһҲҪһ޷ʳɫҩ˵
ʵˮһƯŮ۷¡
˿ˮоշֻ޺㣬ˮҲ֪ΪʲôֱˮȥշֻХԳһֱԥ뵽Ҫáܡշʱȴû˿ԥ
ˮ֪ΪʲôֻһεĽޱХԳǲңԶˮֱϸо޵ķչռ󡭡
еõģȻоֵˡ
ˮԼ˾
ٴŽȥˮٶȱϾڵĽ޿һ㣬ٴɵĳ
ԣ
һκǰһֻ΢赲һ½޵Ĺƣˮٴ˿ȴǿޱȡ
ɵˮҲʮ֮࣬ǽľ
ľ۷ҲҪģ
ˮȻ˿δ˵Ľޣ̽ĿҲ֪ޱŽն֣ӲצӳϾ岻һףˮó̫´ˡ
ڲˣֱӽȫô
ԣ
޴Զһαϱȫֹסûˣʮľ
ŭ𣬿ˮĿжһ˿η塣
֮
ˮ֮һĽ֮
Ȼޣͬʱٴδһȭˮٶ֮½Ǳ޿ɱܡ
ԣ
ٶľ
һһײľһ΢ʹĽˮæͨȥֻ΢ˣҲѾڲ³ܵ󿹻
ˮڶֻ޵Ŀر⣬Ǳ˵۷Ѿ˿ֲĿ
ˣ
ˮϵóܡٴޣɫĵҩˮǿƵ޵ʱǷݻҧˮˮˣˮ治һֻ˺ҧ
ͬʱˮҲǿŽɫĵҩ
˲һصȫͻȻˮоԼͽ֮ĳϵšͻ֮ϵһ
һǿľϢӵһ˲ˮоԼٶȡǣǵǷˮоԼķɣˮܲס
ڴ˿ˮ֮֡Ȼõ˲СĽԶϹת
ʮ죬ʮһ졭
һʮ죬һʮ죡
ž
һ΢죡
ͻˣ
ˮо˼ٴηͻƵһʮϹǿûֹͣ
ž
Ȼٴͻһ죡
һʮ죡
ʱˮоһʮһʮҪࡣ
ˮھ޴ľϲУ

Դӷʳ˳굤ˮķѾܱ̬ˣľˮҲȫסһɷԼ֮࣬ˮôҲ㲻ס
սʱһԼɱķӳȥһͨƿһͷһɵԳɱķһ˵
սʵܿģһǰ죬ǴսףֻҪǴ˵еЩܽ顣
ʵսгܵԼ΢Сѱײ໥һЩʵ൱ˣȻСһֱӱˡ
ٶȿ죬͵ϮֻҪѽʵ൱Լ΢ǿһЩϣҲˡ
ɵķˣˮˣв˲ɵٶȺһɶʮ
ǲա֣Ҫǿ̫࣬۷ĽޣĿİıټϷݡצӺ൱ٶȣ˵۷ߣ۷Ҳǽ޵Ķ֡
ˮԽԽ⣬ٴνһһǿ
ʱˮ޿ԼĿһЩûǰײУһЩ˳ԣˮеԻоͻԼĿеơ
⡰ܡҩʱˮеų⣬ˮ֪ǰԼʶ̫ˡ
ʵˮ֪⡰ܡһֱǾݴ½ҩȻǰǿѱǿ޵ġ
ֻҪ㹻ܣͿԳΪǿѱʦҪǧֻʷмܡ֣Ծö֮Ҳ͵ˡ

ˮʶһ¡
Ȼ֪ԹԵĹĹԹԹˮоޱȣׯȥ
·ʱˮߡޡûԼ²˺κˣСȻͨˮĽͨʶˮ˳ĺһ
ˮصׯʱǰϾˮѽѱˣǰջˮŽޣʵѺܶһȴһǰ棬ҪۿǿСޡ
Ҳȫ˶ˣ޺չҲˣչ嫿޺˫۱ŷ𾪺;ϲı飬ܿȴǻָƽ
ˮ磬Сÿ̫ˡ
౴ˮЦ˵
ˮĻһе㲻֪ôش
ˮ磬ҿ𣿡
ԣ
ˮЦ˵
౴ŵͦ˳ġ
ôʵˮ磬ô𣿡
౴ˮ
ˮ


419 Ұţ޵ı仯
ĿŽޣûǰȥΪ̫ˣˮζֵġ
㱻Χ˰ʱʱг˱ʶõһѵĿ佱ǿ佱ˮĶе㲻˼ˣŮ۰Ͱ͵Ŀˮ˸оˮ˵ҪǸŮѹǸŮῪĵĴ
ˮ磬ѱʦ𣿡
һͻȻ
Ҳĺ½ϻһ൱ְҵѱʦˮȻô̵ʱｫһֻǿѱһȫѱһʱ˶ǾĿˮ
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ˮĻ˶оˮǿҲһĺãΪ½ںսУҪִܣʱһļ޳ҰҲׯ߶һֻޣǾսѱġ
Ŀ£ˮͿޱȵһҡ
ˮгΪҵĹǣֻҪˮھ͸оһ֡ڣָоҲԽСҲһҫ
һ·˵˵ЦЦرǢ޸ˮߣ౴ں治ʱ˵Ž޵Ļ⡣
Ϣׯһˣ·ͣ˺üΣĽ۹ĵĿˮһЩ̰ĿⶢŽޡ

صסˮʵһֱԥţΪˮ볢Կǲý޽ɾ
ʱˮ֪ĶֻҪˮûϵǴɾģˮҲûȥԣϢĲ֪ǸȥǴȥˮɻĲ²⡣
ԽȥΪʲôзϺȶԽȥˮһʱЩãˮобҪһ¡
ܽȥˮ⣬ɾģԼܵϵɵʱԼŪڹģѵֻˮеЩԼϺз֮ࣿ
ˮŽٴγңľֱȥΪˮобҪһ£ˮýʵ飬һиʧҪòʧ
ľھׯİ﷽Բûм޵ټһҰޡޣ޵ټ
߼޾ѾǼ궼ѵÿһˡ
ˮĵĴŽľȥٶȺܿ죬ȻˣˮʵܵʲôӰ죬οյɢ¹⡣
ͻȻǰһֻҰţˮҰ
ףһߣڣһ⿴ԲçײرĿ񱩱ͷһĳ߶೤гֱ۴ϸ΢״¹ڵ⡣
һ˫ͭһţۿˮͻȻˮ
ް˼ĶҰţ
ˮЦſűĴţ
ҰţҲҰޣʵľֱԵһҲǰһֻ࣬Ҫκλᶯ嶼ܹȥһǡ
˵Ұ޶ΣպҰţ⣬ˮѾ徳磬йһ㣬Բ֪ĶҰţҰˮ
ˣ԰ɣ
ҰţǼĶھˮһߵʱһץͱˮεץסǧصҰţϱڵٶȣľǸһֱӱײѪģڵˮ΢
Ұţͨ˫Ķˮһ񱩵ˮһֻһȭڽ׳ĶҰţϡ
֨
Ϲһײеĺ
ʱˮþסҰţɾȥ
һɿֱܵӽҰţų⣬һζûսɾ
ۣ
ˮһȭڶҰţĲϡ
߶ûкһĴҰţˣ
һˮٴɾȥ
˳ĽҰţʬ˽ȥô⣬ˮоɾǶų⡣
ΪʲôͿԻŽȥ
ͷ˼ˮľֵĵϿһڡ塱棬ˮһ̽ס棬ҲǺ˳յɾС
ѵǶﵽһǿϵĶͻų⡣
ˮӦġ
ˮоӦÿԽԼɾģϾڵĽ޺ԼҲ˽ܵϵԼϵӦòܵɾų˰ɡ
԰ɣܽȥͷܶ࣬ȥԹԵׯɣǰĶҰţѾ˵ղȥûµġ
ˮþްס΢΢۾һգˮоᶫһղְɽûаĸо
ˮ֪ɹˣ۾һȻʧǰͬʱоɾж˵㶫
ˮ̳ɾУֻһȥˮЦΪ޶ڵϣȴϿţŽ޲ϵš
ˮʶû۸СͬʱҲ߽ɾЩ
ˮ˵һͨǽֻܶˮļϺʲôҲó֮֮Լ֮Ѿûˡ
ˮϽֵʱͻȻ뵽ͻȻ뵽ԪԪѾûˡ
ˮ뵽׺ϳǲ׺ʱҩԼƵҲˣ㶼Ҫˡ
ôȻˣˮ̾ҩˮȰƳҲÿһšɵ޵һ
ԪǿҪʱ䳤ˮΪһ¯ûʱ䣬ˮͣһ¡
һҩֻҪֲϣϾ֮ڴ½нչˮԼУǧ֥Ҳرеõ٣ǧڵв٣ޱѩǵˮûƽҩѪ棬޼ܵҲС
תһϹǿͻƵһʮˮʵõܴ
ҩַѾǧˣַǻ򶼿˵¯࣬ؼĸԴ֮𣬽¯ҲǶ¯ˮǿˮҩӦ֡
ϴӡҩںϡ
ˮɵЩȻ󽫳õҩݷŽ¯У𣬷ſʶ¯ϸ΢ںϡ
ˣ
ˮ¯ʮϳʱʱÿһ¯Ҳ˵ˮҩʵ
һҲཫʱˣˮóеһޣ
ŵ㣬۰Ͱ͵Ŀˮſ죬ˮͶһƬ̽Ͻһ൱ʱɢĹâ˿ѷɫ
ˮǳԾҪ֪˵Ƿ˵ĺᣬкżķѪɽֻ
ˮԾû꣬ͿϹâٴ˸ûм٣ӲãڲõĽˮȵĿǰĽޡ
ڵĽٴλָһμʱĴСҪһ㣬ƺһ㣬оеɰǽ׳忴Ҳӽ׳
޴ӦҲµʲô˰ɣ


420 ֮ż
ôı仯޲ΪʲôɳǱôߣˮԻ
ϣĿ⻹ڿԼʣµһˮЦЦ
ǰһȫ˲õĽ⣬һǰǴ˰ңȫɫнУֻ۾ƺҲԣĵΧˮתתȥʱĽͨһʱˮ֪ԡ
ˮֻ֪ܳţֻʶ߽Ѿûˡ
޿ˮĽˮŽ޵ıӳҰıӱͱȦҪڵıӱҰıԵĳһСΣе΢΢´һɰһҰ׺ݡ
Ž޵ı仯ˮʵĲ٣
һмٴ¯õʮǰʣµģʮÿһʣһЩ
ܿɾʱ͹ȥˣϵĳһˮÿһǷá
Թ緹ˮȥɾóõĳҪ֪ϳʱŽȥģ˵ûдﵽǧʱ䣬ҲΪɾڣˮоǧ괼ѷɫ
ˮ֪չϲȾƣԴ̳Ů̳չ嫵סȥΪˮҪչѧϰ
ˣȻǰһˡ
ˮƣɾǶʱ俴һνǱֻǱͻȻֵĽ޴ˡ
һչ嫵ͥԺͿչڴһЩչȭڵѾٿҲˣԴҵ˶ȥ˰ʱչ嫾Ͳȥˡ
ΪղصЩѾûʲôˣԴˮʼ̵˵Ĺ似Ѿûʲôˡ
ˮˣ
չȻǳãˮһպÿ΢Ц˵
ţүүоʲô𣿡
ˮЦʵ
ûУܺãʮˣоΪҲûء
չ嫿ĵ˵ʮ㡣
үү֪ϲȾƣһЩûµʱ򳢳԰ϲ
ˮЦѾվչߡ
Ů죿
չرȡΪ־൱ֶͨʵǴ½ͨĻɫһ㹻Ļһ½С
ѵŮǧɫ
չЦŴˮнӹ̳ˮһŷȥ
ˮǽѧ
չ嫷еľƺֱ˵
ţ
ߣȥ鷿ѾҪĶ׼ˡ
չˮ˵ͷ鷿ȥ
鷿ܽһ׿ʯС·һ䲻յ˲ʮײ͵ˡ
鷿¥ׯ¥ֻиԣļҲܽƿľţֱ¥
ˮһ鷿΢΢ΪˮŵѪζһ޼ϵѪ
һ¥ֻһ㣬еտյʲôҲûУһ¥͸оһ¥Ȼͬͨ磬ůӶĴս÷ȾһɫҲ
һųڷУˮǵһμڷģûиоŤ΢ߣûеӺӣԶֻаΡ
ˮʮƽ׵ϷѪණƤëʡԼˮŵѪ
ˮչһֱߵϣʱˮҲΧ򵥵Ŀһ顣
үүЩǻõĶ𣿡
ˮŹֵĿչ嫣ǰˮһΪǸƭ˵ĵʿˮû˿ͷ
ԣҪǱ޼ƤѪëʵıëҲҪǧ޵Ǻ
չ˵ϵëʡ
ˮǽɫıëϸо㲻ˮʵѾ뵽Լɾ֧𾫱ʡɢǰ֧ëҲϲϵġ
үүûгʱ俴ҵġǱ顣
ˮобҪ
һֱӿһɣԺٿҲһһĿһ
չ΢Ц˵һɢǿš
Щֻǰƽʱϰ洢þߣû뵽һ·˼ʮ꣬û뵽֮һһ졣
չë̾һ˵
Ŀľ֮ͨĻԼ޵ƤëѪһصĴڣڶʱԼʵ߽ͶԷʵ
չę̈ѪɫѪҺպ˵
ܶ࣬ΧٶȡԷַǿԶʱʵӶﵽսʤԷоڶԷķĿΪ˽ͶԷٶȡ
չȻʺѪһպš̨ϡĥšˮţˮֻǸо⡰Ҳ̫ˣʵоˮ֪⡰Ӷ٣ӶٵӶٵٶȡ
ҲΪˮϹŶ֮¼׶ḽһЩԣˮڴʧˮ뵽չ۷߻Ƴ籸ˮоһǿ
ڶԷ츳ʵк֣ܶ綾
չ˵ˮ֪ӦĺǿģʵȻö֡Է
ˣЩҸᣬиʶأҽĻ
չ΢ЦŻڳ˼ˮ˵
ˮϽعչЦЦ߽վչԱߡ
ǷΣǱУע֮ãȳͼأһǳɡ
ˮĬĬĽչ嫵Ҫס
Ҳʱչֻëһѩ׵Ƥʣ
Ѹޱȡߣɣ
ˮ񣬹ƶչô±ʵġ
ʱȻ̣ܶҲʱ䣬ֻΪķͼ൱ĸӣԼʹʱˮȻоչ嫵ַ·һֻɵĺһ㣬Ŵ
ͣչ嫲ͷˮʱŷʱȻѾָʵչ嫳ˣҿƣ
үүû°ɡ
ˮĵʵ
û£ǰֻ˲䣬ͣĻһҲۣû뵽ھȻ˵ز
չ˵ʱβסɫȻ
үүϷģһָǰʵ۷塣
ˮοչ˵ʵˮԴ󻹵źܴİգϾǰٷְٵİա
˾ʣ¸̾ˣˣղſ𣿡
չ˵⻰ʱĿˮɫеһ㡣
ˣڻӦúѣҸղŸܵүүԼ±ʣҹֻģΣʹҲûϡ
ˮ˵
չĿˮо̫˼飬Ҫ֪ǶġƤֽϻһֻǧһֻ֩뽻УֻҪһʴ˶пŷϵȻһͿԿѾܲ˼ˣҪǿģ»Ҫ֪һѧܿǰ֮һѾˡ
ˮһ°ɣ
չ嫰еëʵˮ
ˮͷֽӹëʡ
ȻʼʺѪպţԺȴǻŸղչ嫻̣©κεط
ĽϹǿӿתȻçţͽ֮תġ
һˮǰƤϿٵĻӶԱߵչˮʵɲԼһͷʱѾˡ
ţţ
ˮƽʱ䣬ȻˮһֱһûииһʱˮоһЩϹϢͨëʴݵǷͼϡ
ˮҲ֪չΪʲôôۣԼһλƶûʲôЧ
һˮͷչĿԼæеүү
úã
չȴǿĵĴЦ
һЦȴǰˮŪԺˡ
Ӧòǻ£Ͼղ˵Ǻúá
֪һǵһλ̫ˣôõ츳һܽż
չ嫿ޱȡ
żǰ˵ġǶȼôֵģ
ˮɻаš
үүżôֵģ
ˮǾʳ
ֻҪܻУڼĻ־ǸĻʵͲʣʵûϸĻ֣Ҿ͸˵һĻɡ
һµչ嫼˵˵ղŵĶɣֵģǾǽֵٶȣǶٶȵɣԼٶΪ׼ġԷʦҲһķԽսһЩޣ𼶱޵ƤѪķͻɱʮ
үү˵ͶԷԼΪ׼ǶԷ
ˮȵ˵е㾪ϲ
ȻȻһʦһ弶һĽһӰѶԷٶȼһ㡣
չЦ˵
ɼʹͬսǷʦҲ̫ˣһ°ͬĶ÷һһļ𡣡
ˮչ嫾ȵʵ
Ҳ̫СѶˣǰ˵ĶģһǷʦ󶼾ǿ󣬵涼ߣҵ۷Ҳֻ޵弶ѾҲԴֻΨһһ弶
չ嫿ɬЦ


421 Ҫ칬ˡʦװ
չ嫵ĻˮҲ֪˷ʦǿһ㶼ͣӴҲٶȿ죬ие޵ĻͿڷá˸ɵˮ뵽Ĺ͹ʽ
ٶȹ죬áԷٶٴνͣȻöʹжýķ
ҪǡҲйģйľ֮ٷ׶ɽѹչǰ˵ʱ˵ģˮĶѣҲ⡰ԽԽϲ
ˮıչЦſˮ˵²ûѵͣҶÿҲԹƽģҲ˵ÿ˵õٶҪӦĸƲ¶ףǮˣˣɷҲˣΣա
ˮ֪Щʱе㲻չ嫻ﵽʲô˼ɻĿչ嫡
ˮǿ󣬵ѶȾģԵ͵ˣû츳ˣһҲɹһһ
չ˵Цſˮ
үүһǻɹ𣿡
ˮֲԼô򵥣ˮо̧ʱоȥһ㡰ġ
ѾһܵҼڻ츳ˡ
չ˵仰ʱرĵġ
ˮ仰֪ԼġûгɹҲɹܽˣܿǳѧ߽Ҫٵһϡ
ˮڿʱ֪ʱչ嫻šѾӫתˮϵ
үүʹأ
չЦЦԼõġ˵ʹܷ㣬ʹõʱ֮룬ǶԼʹþԼϣǶԵʹõģʹԷһ뿪ֻ֣ҪһԷͻеķͻڶԷϡһֻʮ׷Բ֮ڣǶʮ׷Բʮ׷Բļʮ׷Բ弶弶ϵķֻҪԶͿԹԶ
ǰļΪʲôܳǸأ
ˮãչʵ
˵ɣļļµķ֮һǸ벻κζҲеĶվʮ⡮ͻھ״Զ
˵չˮеġž
ڽӴˮʱһˮɵ׹ԼС
һ˲䣬ˮ·оϰ˲ٶһˮоһ£ߵĶٶȸء
һ˲еĺȻֱӽǹ⣬ˮܵ档
ˮҪסص㣬ҿղѾԵеľ裬ȱֻʱ⣬ڻҾͲٽˣΪͬ±ʣһٸ˾ͻһٸҵԼĻߵĵһ
չ嫻˵
ţүү⻭ƤѪҺʲôҪ𣿡
ˮϵķƤԼѪǺܶࡣ
ԭϣֻҪ޼ƤѪãԽЧҲԽãо޵кҲáޡƤġͻӳȻ֮⻹һЩԣԣٶ䡣Ҳԡ
үүѵֻ޵ѪƤֶ𣿡
ˮоڵйԼⶫƤѪһ˵۵ģȻҲһЩռƤ
Ȼǣ޵ƤѪҲǱҪõģõ޵ĹǡԼһЩĶҪĻԼﵽһ磬Ȼܰڵ͸ǿˡ

ɻĿչ嫡
޵ƤѪŪͿֱʹõģҪʦ֮ſʹõģǵ伮ҲϸĽõҲϸĽġ
չ嫺ǺЦһƤݸˮ
ˮӹֻƴСݳƤŵ¶ȣȻ΢΢۾Ҫܵڲһ
ƤеۣӼ͡
ϹǿûϹ΢΢еƤȻʼĸڲı仯
ţ·ƺƺͺܽ·ӽˣȴֲӡ΢ˮڰѳĵǺס
ʹˣˮܵƤеһƺһСıԼŶˣˮоƤ΢ı仯ˮ֪ƤѾܻˡ
ţүүҲˣЩЧԳʱ䣿
ˮΪڵĺȻԵʣԸ֪ġ϶ʱ䡣
һһӣĶӣԴƵļ弶һʱǶʱ߼ʱ˼ĸʱľ˵û֪Ƕʱ䡣
кܶණδ֪һ㣬Ϊû˴ﵽָ߶ȣˮҲǶڻһЩʶοһչһ伮أӦϸʶġ
ˮͿʱ߰ɣǰͷӵˡ
չ΢Ц˵
үүڲ˵飬ҲˣҴӦʮ꣬ʮҾӦܰﵽ
ˮ˵
չЦˮڰ֣ˮӰʧ˵ʮ꣬Ҳòˡ
ˮ·䣬౴ڡ
ˮ磡
ˮЦЦ
ڰʲôôġ
ˮʵ
²ûлشˮ⣬ǿˮǲ׼Ҫȥˡ
һˮĽɫ֪ˮ˼
ˮҪ߰
౴ȵ˵
ˮЦ౴ͷ
û˵ֻеǲĿˮ
ʲôʱߡ
Цʵ
ɡ
ˮ˵
ˮ磬⼸һֱһ߱λرǴ཭һΪʱȥˡ
౴ɥĿˮ˵
СҰЩ͵ҩˣ´λҲˡ
ˮǺЦ
㲻ô죬ˮ磬Ҫ
౴ˮ˵
ʱܿȥˣˮǱ̤ϻ뿪ˣҵ˿ˮȥһ˼ǧʮ˺ı;ǱһȲ˵ģȻܿ࣬ȴһ˸ҲԸġ
ˮŻһᣬʱѾ˰ǣݺӵĿˮ뿪ǰʦҡ
˳Ժˮûȥʦүӣʦװߡ
ûеԺ͸ܵԺϢͲϵϢˮ֪ʦװڹһͿԶɵĺɫӰ
ˮûʹΪʲôһװ磬е·ȫǻɫﵽ⣬ˮҿرȺο
ˮǰ˼ʱʦװ̧ͷˮԵһȻ㿪ˮЦЦ
ˮߵߣȻסŽ裬һְֻеĳԶԱ߲ԶΡ
ʦװεİˮһۣҲֻˮǰŻ¶Ů˵ζȻǲǵһοÿһˮо൱ջ
ԽԽСŮˡ
ˮ̵ͦϹ¡
С
ʦװĿˮ
ҲСǶС
ˮĿʦװ˵ȴЦˡ
ȥ
ʦװ᲻صˮؿϴһȭ
أ
ˮȴһѱסǽ޵ĺ촽ϣͷҰ̴УҪȥһ㡣
װҪ뿪ˡ
ˮòŷſѾ糺ʦװռջĺջ
ʦװһȻȴĻˮĲӡ
ˮңһᡭ

߿һľɳ۶ٶȿһǣˮŲ˿ǸȥҲû칬ˡ
ˮӰǷ˿ҪʱҲһһ㣬ˮڻڵٶ൱⣬Ժǰݴ½κһطѾʵ֣ȱľʵѡ
ȻҲʼޣ𼶱ķݻûлĻᡣˮо壬ôһֱûˮ൱ƣļľ˵Ը𼶱ޣʼ޹ƶ˵弶ӦÿԶʼ޼ʻһɣ
·Ҫһʱ䣬ˮ¸ɴǱ伮ó׼ʱ俴
ɫ伮½ֽɫҳǽ𾫣ȴǼֵӦòڽ𾫶١
ɫҳܱ;ʮ㣬ˮ̫ҲʹʮŶѡ
Ƥϵ׭ˮѾ˺üˣÿζоŰϢָֻǴСȴ˸оرѹ
һͨԡĽ⣬չ˵Ļһģһˮٵȥ
඼չ嫽ܹģڶţˮ˷ͼȿʼҲԷˮҲĵһ

ˮоҲôͦ˵ģˮűڵ伮ϵħһ㡣


422 ͷֲľ̤
ͼһֻ񱩵ޣһֻ񱩵ľԳǰ㣬׳˫΢٣ɢҰԿ񱩵
ǽ˵Ҫ㣬ǷֳʮС͵ͼֲ˵ɣҰص˵˳Լ֮÷
չǰᵽۿչ嫻ַʽ͸оڿоɣǿԿ֪ô뻭ɹԿ˵ûС
ˮҲֻҪο뻭ҲûвϣƤǲ٣ǴҲرеõģֻûѪ
ˮüζ뵽֧ܿǵµıʣ֧ԵıʣˮһֱѹŲȥ֧ˮǱʶоڻʺϣҪٵȵȣˮչһ֧һǧ޵Ǻ
ˮ伮ĺϸĺ㽫ʱʱ䣬ˮſһ
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ˮ޵ݣιȥԴˮٴΣر౴ԼԴĺҲֻ׺⹫Сʱ
ˮ֡áԴ裬˵Ǵ˲ſͷڲԣҪڰأôô࣬ﶼԡ
ͻ˵˵
׺ˮһ䡣

ڰ콨еˣˮȻûʵȥ̤ƽ¥ôĽûˮ
ʱǾ仰ˮ˵ģļΪǿԿˮǿǵġ
£ȳȥһһԷ
ˮŲ׺˵˳ȥ
һԵģˮǰôʱܵʲôĸ÷ѩ˼䡱ֵĲ㱧סˮڡ
ҶܿģֻǣĴҲǺܿڲ˿ǴЩ˱ʬ˲뿪ڴһϢ
˿ˣ
˿һȻôǻκһҪȲ˿ǿ󣬱ϾټĲ˿ûʼߴڡ
˶ڲ˿Ǵϱ棡
֪ǲ˿ʼˡ
ʣô֪ʼˣ

Щ֪˭𣿡
һ緢˵
ˡ˵㲻˵ô֪
һԼӵӽе
꿴ΧŵԽԽ࣬˵ĿΧһ²Ż˵ղЩ˿ǽˡ
ˣôܣҿ˵˹߳˼ģ˵һôܻ
һ欵Ů˾
꿴ŮӾȵ̿ڿˮЦԽˣΧһȦһۺĿŮӷԣǽˣһģǿʼĸְҲûбסӡ
˵Ǹưٳߣ
ŮͻȻ꼤˵˫۸βס˷ܡ
԰
϶˵
ĺðǿа˯ֻǧӾ£ⲻûаˣıôմģ
Ů˵ܴ
һŮӣ˷֪ʲôĿⶼͣŮرͦɽͻԲβ
ǰ͵͵Ŀһ˵ղṇ̃ˣŮ˿ʲôģֱӵеĵλ仯
˵ǲ˿Ҳʼĸˡ
Ȼʼĸ֣ӦûһǱʼ֡
Ժ˵·ǸǱʼһ

ǣʲôӣ

Ͷ죬ľͲҪΧˡ
һƱƳ
ԭֵҲʿֵҲǣѾʿˣܿͻͻļǲеš
򰡣Ҳ˵ˣ
һ˾Ϳ̤ƽ󣬶һˣӦýҲŶʮɡ
˵
ʮꣿʼߣ㴵ɣ
ǣɣ
ֻ֪Ҫ˵мʶľԾͲٿˡ
ɷ¶΢Ц

ǣ
ǸԿϿҩҵˮ
һ£˾ϲ˵

Ķӣ֪֮ЩΪʱ¥ͷβһ飬Ҫһ콣ڵӣ콣ڼˮ¼
֪ˮѾվ˲˿۷壬ѾͲ˿˩һ𣬾Ͱ˩һһ
ЩȻˮģһ֮ǧǧףҪվڲ˿ĶôףˮˣˣѾԶԶĳԽˡ
ˣҰˣȴҲǾԼԽԽСԽԽ΢ڰǣڲ˿ˮߴڣ״ǿڲ˿ٻ󣬡һҲˡ
콣ڣ
ʦ֣ˮгԱˡ
ǧںȾƵİﾭγ˵
ţ̫ˣ콣̫СʱҲֻΪԵ
ﾭγЦ
ʦֵԶôϵȻǸʱһοˮܿ
ǧЦǺǵ˵ʦǴ˵콣ھǵҲǰﾭγ֧š
ǺǣҵʱֻоһִŵˣҴһ˫峺иоͻ

ɾˮǰʱ˴ƤϣΪˮѾ֪ԼҪɹˡ
гɹһΣϧʧʮΣʮʧܡ
ˮٴųɹķƤˮɹͲôһ㣬žϹһĳɹˡ
һˮͨչַƤĵλã·Ȼһôġd״Ƿ֡
ˮæٴһɹķƤҲһd֣һºˮӵϼʧܵķƤ
һˮһʮǡˮоɹʧܾԺdйϵ


426 Ƥɹġ
ˮƽģٴһŷƤʼϵĽƤе·սı·ϵϹƤﵽ
ͷˮСĿƤбֵ·棬ȻŬĴγһd֡
һ˲䣬һĽ֣ˮ뻶
ˣ
Ȼˣ
ˮڳڿֵУȥΪʲôǡd֣ţɹˮž֪ԼĲ²ǶԵġ
ˮ֪ǰͨ²ܿνƤе·ûֻͨʶȥӦһ۾һöҪҵ׼ȷλãͿȻûȽϵġ
νɣܸܵǸdֲ֣Ҳչ嫲֪Ǹd֣֪Ҫôֻǲ֪Ϊʲôûкˮ˵
Ƥɹˮرģ޵ѪҺֻҪɹͿϰˡ
ʱܿ죬ɾаʱȥˣѪȻƤҪһ㣬ȻûгɹڴƤѾ൱ޱˡ
ˮ˼¥ΪԳû¥洫һöıײ
ֻԶԶĿ֪Ůϰ裬Ľ豾ǲ׺½̵ģʱ˵ĳϵഥһ֣
һ
ˮŮһתͻȻˮӰ໥̾
ˮһЦٶȣʹϽ貽Ȼˮ޷⣬ˮٵǰ͵ٴǰһȴǸ˺
һֻһ˲䣬˺ˮٴǰֱӴŮм䣬ָֻպסŮս֡
ôϻ׼ıɱ׷ˡˮ٩һ䡣
ȴǽЦˮϿһ£ˮһȻ׺£˼ԡ
׺еһ䣬ˮ֡
ˮٴΰ׺½ӹһ飬һβ׺¸оԼľǿɡ
׺ľˣһμӹ̿ɵǿȣڶξȻɵľǿȣҪ֪ĹÿһζЧһ룬ˮļӹ̣ڶֻ֮һ
ڶһڼӹʱһңһȣˮͲ׺֮ûôˡ
ˮʱῴˮȻˮǱ۾ģʱ׺»ĬĬĿˮɫе㸴ӡ
һ콣һˣܿͻһͼͻƣҿ԰һ¡
ǱŮˮͳŻ콣ڸȥ
ˮѽˡ˼䡱ϾСһĵͼҲûʤ㣬߷ϸ߹һСǼצӺݹط
콣ڵػˮûм˵Ǻͽһ𣬶۷壬ˮûȤȥ
ˮǵ壬ȥİﾭγˮİﾭγرģȵˮ˵˵
ʦͻˣˮѾżİﾭγЦ
ȻͻˣˮҪʦˣҲҪʦˣԺһܽµʦﾭγ˵
ǰ˵öˣǲһҶʱ΢Ц˽
ʦˮĺȴǲԾ뵽ɾеĵŮͼǷͼϵŮԼ׵ʦ
ˮǲҪǰ칬ˡһҶ΢Ц˵
ѩŮֻҪһ֪ˮҪʲôʵһҶ迴ˮо֣ҪԼǻ꣬ȴߵһĸ߶ȡ
ʦءˮһҶʵ
ȥ˰ɣڲԷʱǲģ֪Ļһ˻ġ
һҶ΢Ц˵ˮȴǴϿһĸԣرᵽʱ
ͰﾭγһᣬˮͺһҶˡ
ˮһҶվߣˮоָоʵûйϵһϵ
ˮϲ㣡һҶŤͷˮǳЦ˵
ʦϲʲôˮһʵ
ҵ鰡
ŶˮűЦš
һĵ
ˮ̧ͷǰľСŮĵЦˣ

ڰϮʱкü׵ĸ߶ȣֱӴӰڿоЦ
ˮЦţæ̫жַסѾͷԼ̫ˣˮ֪ǸÿĻǵǡ
ȥˣΪʲôóʱ䶼
ˮˮСѾͷ˵
仰ˮҲеܣǺԼģԼ̲ס뵽СѣǸͬԼСѾͷʱŵǾ䡰Ҳߡ
ÿо絶ʡ
ˮˮôˣɫô
һҶ迴ˮɫף·ڼʲôĵʵ
ˮһϽ׿Щ಻Եͷ־̫Ҳģȴʱȴʵǿ֮ǰȴǵѡ
㲻÷ˣʦҪٺʮ꣬ȥʨҪ
ˮô˵Ϊɾڣʮ껻㵽ɾʱҲٶ꣬ٶҲ𾳽۷˰ɡ
һʱ䶼ˮԱվһҶ裬СѾͷһײ֪˶ٱ顣
ڶѾϰˣ
ȥˣˮСѾͷ˯ˣˮ׼ȥ˫Դϴ۹䡣
壬ˮûȥ࣬ȴȥ˫ˮһϡ
ҵ˫ںɽǷܵһ˫ȴֻһˮ͸о﷢ᡣ
ʱ˫Ǵᵽ۷壬ǰˮڼҽŮڱʦװҪ䡣
ˮ߹ȥ
˫ˮһº¶ǿ˵ķӳˮеܵۡ
ѾʼԼʼκˣˮŴпŶһ˿
˫
ˮĺš
ˮˡ
ˮĻкѹѾȫһһįǰô˵Ҳи׽㣬ѪãֻҪڣͻоůмң¶¶ꡣ
ˮǣס֣
˫ȴһֻˮĿ
ˮ޶ԣһִֻ򣬾ǲɿ֣
飡
ˮˣ
һ˿Ѫ˳ǵ¡
Ϊʲô㣬Ϊʲô˹Ϊʲô
˫˵˵ȴǿˡ
˫㣬㻹ңҡ
ˮȻ˵˫֪ˮڸԼںԼԼһԼڸԼҲΪԼκ¡
ˮҪ뿪һȥ칬֪Ҫʱ䣬˫ٻΪһȫյŮˣˮҲҪġ


427 ˫ɹ
ˮԼ޵ϡﻩ˫Ȼˣˮȴ˿ʱҪ뿪콣ڣˮҲһ˾
ڿʵǣʱӦúܿ̿࣬ҲΪеˣǶҲӦһˣֻˮ֪еԹ޲ûƽΪȻʵҲô졣
ӵʱ䣬˫ôıסˮˮҭţ̧ͷʱˮŴʱ˫ɽоᡣ
ˮǰ󱻴ʪ˺ôһƬ˵Ůˮģˮ˫е㷢˫Ȼôˮ
˫ҲϣֻпĵĻŲŶԵĿ˵㲻
ˮļ
֪Ҷ֪ɾܣˮĺܣ㣬Ҷôϣţߡ
˫˻ŵر𲻸ʡ
˫㻹ң㲻һˣԺʲô¸ҺòãһֵҺܣҲܡ
ˮһ߰һЦŰο
˫ˮͷʶˮҲܳʱ䣬˹ϵѳѣûȷ˵Ĺϵ
˫֪ˮϲǰϲ˫ȴǲȷˣŮƱ䣬ͬˣ˵ʵҰɫͬġ
һܵɫûɫһˣʲôҲоŮơ

ˮ˫飬һںɽɢ
ˮ˵˵Ϊʲôţ
˫Ȼ˵źĻֵˮоûô
˫ʵû׼ȷ𰸣شԵαص˽ԵúףҼʵڵĻش𣿡
ˮ˽˫֡ˮ˵Ϊʲôģ˫ǰˮľ֣ˮһЩյĻش
Ŷ˵˵
˫ȻܸȤ
һأǻûҲûʲôܲʱǸۣ̫ˣ˵ġ
ˮЦ˵
˫˵ģҪ𡭡
Ǻʹ࣬ȥ˲˲ģʹ˲Ҳǰŵøεѡ
ǵڶأ
Ѿƽˣ˫ŤͷˮĲһֵСѾԴɣǳϢˡ
ڶҲ޳ɣΪǶš
˫һȻЦ¶ѩ׵ıݣһûһҶƮĳҲûв׺µǴĹǡ
ֿɼļˣеܰΣ

˫صʱɫе㰵ˮһֱԥҪҪȥǣˮӡǴӺʱıģΪԼ
ˮһʱĻڴϡ
ˮϤͥԺǸϤӰʱоȻۡ
ǸġСŮˡˮʱϲˮĸܵȻֱˮУıˮĲӣˮЦ⣬ͷˮ۵Ĵ΢΢ţġԸС
ˮ
ະˮ֣ϱ糺죬رˮˮƽһֻһͱ˾ˡ
ιˡ
ˮһѺᱧߴһ
˵
౧סˮĲӣˮĻ
𣿡
ˮ΢ЦİĴϣůķ䣬Ĵ齣ζ˵࣬ˮЦ
룬춼㡣
౧ˮĲûз֣۱۰һԸм伷øͦΣҪˮˡ
һɵ綡һ㴫ˮӣ
Ҳ㣡
ˮ˫ˮ˵ҸЦݰһŮУûǻĺС

ˮķڵϣɫ΢ڵڶѾһʱˣ˴ʱѾһ㣬ķˮһϵЦݡ
˯źˮ뿪ˮǰ뿪۾͵ʱһ˿ʧ䣬¶ĵЦ⣬һ˲ת˸оһ뵽˺ܶҲ˺ܶࡣ
ˮص壬صԼǾסķ䣬ﻹӣûлҳҲոµģˮ²ӦǸջûжá
뵽ЩһҶģһůƬ̺ɾ
תһϹǿ˳š촸ϰһǧ֮
һֱʱȥ죬ѸĻϻٶϰһǶʮ̳ͷѪҺ
޵ѪҺ
ѪҺеҲǾ޴ģѪҺɾҪеġ塱Ѫȡȥ
ɫѪɫȻǺɫɫû˿־ĸоѪɫһӿ졢־˻ʡ
ҪֻѪҺдˮҲ֪ŮͼϵĻӦȷҲ޵ѪҺɡ
ݴ½ѪҺȫǺɫģ˴Ǻɫ⻹ɫɫеǻɫ˫ɫɫɫ˵߲ɫŮͼϵɫȻ֣ܶˮȷǷлɫ
˵ѪҺҲ˲Ǻɫ٣ɫƽѪ˵ߣֻҪѪ츳Ѿͻ᲻ϵͻơ
һѪ˱ƽ֮Ѫй֮޲Ȼƽ֮ѪֱѪ츳ѣ츳ߣ˸ʮ֮࣬ҪӵѪ˾ҲǳǿǿǶߣҲǶѱʦǿǴ½ϡٵһ֡ߡԽ󣬿ԿƵԽٶԽ죬ԽԶ
ƽ֮ѪѪǾݴ½ϵĸ߹Ѫͳ˵ݴ½Ѫ壬ǶǴ½ļ壡
ѪҺʹƤûֻ̫ǴѪҺҪһˮõԼͭѪҺ˿־شʣµĲĺɫ
ɫаҲѪҺԭɣȻЩǱаģҲеǲúɫѪҺġ
չٴһᾪ°ͣΪˮڡѪҺϵĽֱۿɼⷬɹʮĹ״ĻҪ
ΪˮӵкȻ
Ȼڱа谭ħһиǿˮѪҺûгɹǸоѾֳĿС
ڵѪҺһֱڷһ㣬ϵķཹཱུм̵
һֻǴ̵ܶʱ䣬ϵʱѾƣͿƲ𻵡ˣеҲˡ
ֻˮ֪һˮȻһˮоǰδеĺãзÿһⶼģĻǺ⣬һǳĸо
һ޵ĺˮ֪ԼɹˣƬˮ򿪶ǣʱһϢ
ζˮ˵û㣬һ˵ܺţǸоеˮеİͷѪҺʱˡ
ɫ죬˵ĺɫãˮоƯڸ˭˵ѪҲš
ûһѪζˮ֪ǰչһõѪѪζģӦ˵ǺŨģϾһ¥ʱˮŵˣӡ伮ˮ֪ܽѪҺеѪζһЩ߼
伮߼߰һ㶼ҪѪҺеѪζ𻭵Ůͼˮڲ֪ѪҺ𼶱ϵѪҺѪҺĴݲ˿覴õġ
ֻڵ֮ϳͣҪ֪Ҳ𼶱ߣ˵ǧˮоӦû˱Ĺڻ֮ġ
ԼɵѪҺˮо޵ĸо˵ָоǰؿһλεĹ
мʮɹķƤƤɹˣѪҲɹˣԻˡ
뵽Իˣˮе㼤Ͼˮ֪ЩԼʵΪ׼ͶԷ
ԼڵķͬߣԼһɷ൱ڶԷĳɷҪ࣬ϾˮǷʳ켶ġ굤ϱľϹǿ
ϧֻ㱾ķȻ¼ˮӱ̬
ͶԷԼԼǶԷָٶȡıеĵҩʱҩ¼׶ģȻˮϡǻסǾ̫ˡǿġ굤ӵľǱķ
ˮڸо̫߼ѾԼһϷ͵ľáƷٶľá
ǰԼЩʵҪԶԶڶԷˮ֪Щ˶˳˾ǿ֮⣬ĲͻԽͶʵϵͼûʲôЧзʦҲŬԼһóģٶȡڽͶԷԼʵʱЧá
оչ嫸һڷĻϴʼһַַһѣȻÿʦֻһַֻһַԶԶĳ


428 ѳ
չľǡ弶ıƷӷ١ڶЩȫǾǲСģͬпһа١
ˮ֪ԼǸ⣬ɾڣԼ㹻ʱ䣬ֻҪԼܰѸһԼʵ۷սҲûʤ㡣

ˮڶλڵһξ֪ҪǿľϾôӵҪȫעһǳɵĽ仭ꡣ

ˮȻ伮ǰϾǰ棬ˮоʱѭ򽥽İ˳ϰ˵ԼˮоԼ⡣
ˮ伮ٴνѾеԼڽɫҳϵͼĿ顣
óëʣǴչǺֻеȻɫˮ֪õµġ𾫱ʡʯ̨ԻӳɹԼЧˮտʼЩ
еĴõѪҺһЩͭǺãֹйһ߶೤ëʣǺıʼպѪҺС
ѪҺѸٽʼȾ޵ĺɫ
һƤźãˮƽļһˮʼ±ʵλá
Ȼˮ۾𣬶סʼ⣬·ҪԼУһָоһ⾳
ˮˣʷԾʼܿ죬Ѹݣǽˮֱͣ
ֻһ롭
ˮܿģΪˮɸоϴλǿܶ࣬һָоˮɵĸо
ԽԽŤˮϴһѸٻ꣬ˮ֪ʧܣֱձʡ
ˮձʿŻһŲԾıˮǲԼŵµġ𾫱ʡﵽЧˮᾪȣе㲻ţϾˮ֪Լëд֡ĶǺܲġ
ˮվڻһǰ˼Ÿղŵ龰͸ܣˮ⾳ﲻᡣ
ʱˮҲ֪ԲֻǰѷһĻһǳɵĻҪֿ졣
Ҫһ⾳ˮɰ˳⾳оһǳɵ⾳м䲻Ժ
ˮڷûָоʱֱͣʣȻһֱ˼ʲôԭˮֻ֪ðһŵһߡ
ٴóһšƤëǴõʺİͷѪպٴ±ʣһ㡣
һȻǻһ룬ϴμһģһˮΣٴͣ˼Ƭ̣ٴζʡ

һֱʮһΣˮоԼϰ벿ޱȣһϰԵڻһ뽫ҪձʵʱȴǺȻٴǰʡ
һˮסˣˮоҵĹؼ
ԭһ⣬ɣϰǧԻĶȻеţŮͼˮоһ㡣
ȻˮԻĺܺÿиоϾȱ죬񿴱˵ʽ鶼ֱʵ顣
ˮʼͣĻĻģÿһŶͶѪɲ꣬ˮϣ⾳类ƶһһǳɻꡣ
ˮǼʮŴɹķƤĽȴﵽٷ֮ʮʱѾȥһˣˮʱ̣ܶ˼ͻָжȹ
ˮҲΪʲôʼôĻһ룬ҡҡͷˮҲͲˣ˵òʱԼܳ
ˮٴδƤͰͷѪⶫȻرķѷƤѪëҲƵģʸжǿԴ洢ѪҺ塣

ڶˮľͱѣҲˣ
εˮֻô˯ȰСѾͷţֻǿźһҶҲڣˮεıСѾͷһҶЦ簡
磬ѾͷһҪ㣬˵ˡ
һҶ΢Ц˵ûΪˮ˯ʲô˼ûˮϿ
ȥ㿴ϻɺˡ
￪ĵ˵
ˮ֪˵ǻΣСѾͷ˵ŴϻоܺЦܰͬʱˮоеꡣ
ԼһСԼߣôΪ˲Լߣˮ֪ҪƭСѾͷˡ
ˮٵĴ·һҶǰĵط
õʲôˡ
ˮ΢ЦСѾͷԴ˵
úã
СѾͷ˵Ȼǰ͵һ֣̽һʽ黢̽ץ
ˮȵСѾͷȻһϸĻҪǾȻѾѻɾ硭
ϧɾ⾳Щӵֻǵõ٣ϸСľܲסôǿԺӱĲ
ͻɽ
βţ

ˮĿӵĹȻǿ󣬿ϧӢţӵĵֻʮԪ
ˮ뵽ԼɾѾˡҡʮԪңϷµöԪСѾͷԪꡣ
㹻ԼѰһЩŵرӳԪԴ֪ɾҺˮ˺ôһ
ˮ﷢﷢вʱһ˿ʹᣬƺһּᶨ
һҶ֪ˮʲô޷Ǿ⣬ˮ̾˿
ѾѾͷʮԪҪˣһж
һҶ迴ˮɬ˵ˮоܿģֻܰǸоܲƽҪ֪ˮͻԵ޹ʵĶһ޹ϵŮҪΪŬ
ֻһҶ費֪ˮΪκ¶ĸԸڰǴӳǾˮһҿʼˮ֪Ƿһ塣
֪ʥʨˮѾ¶ģ۶࣬ҪԸ
ʦõѾҵˣֻǻҪһʱ䣬ܿģҾ㹻ʹѾͷұԪĶ
ˮһΣһұһӰЧ
ҵˣ
һҶ辪ȵĿˮ
ˮһοһҶ˴ı仯Ϊ
ʱѾˣ³Сһϸܵĺ飬ܹˮúòã
ˮǴˮһĴ۾ΣܴΣ
ããû뵽ﶼѾδɾˣԺҪŬ
ˮĵ˵
ˮĿ佱￪ĵЦˣеʱСŬܼ򵥣õĸһ佱һ
˸ˮ뿪ˣûȥ˫ѾǶ˵ˡ
ˮŻ˼ȥΪٴΰ׺¼ӹһξҪʾͻˡ
ٶȺܿ죬ο콣ں˼䶼ڲ˿ǣϻٶȣܿѾ˰·̡
ˮ뵽׺ͻ˾ͻ칬ȻԼѰʵһа취ƽ¥¸¥ˮĿǰе飬Ǽˮ˵һֳͼ尾


429 ׺µͻƣ
ˮϵ˼ʱѾˣٴΰ׺¼ӹһξһֻһҵǿȺ;
׺¼ɵľǿȺ;˵ֱͻƺ̫ʵӹ̾ƿӵˣʢµˮȻҲͶˡ
һˮղ׺һ˫ʱԶô𺳣˵һļĴˮ
׺¿ˮʱҲ֪ʲôое㻶ϲһֲԵĸоǹһ˫Ŷ
ڲ֪ˮӰѾڲ׺µУǰ˴ǲмһ˵ҲΪ׺򸾵ãܰĸĸĸĸһ̶ĸ͹ҲһӰ졣
˵ŮѡʱǱʶĶ׽бȽϣΪÿһ׶ŮеӢۡ
ˮǱ׺ϿɵģǼĴǣҲԭ׺¶ˮҲŲǰֱӺԡ
оǲ׺µʱΪˮѡˣϾʱʦҲԭԺŽķˮڲͬ
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ȻҲ˵ˮԱڸǿԽ󲿷ֵطڣˮѾӹˣȴǲɿе㡣
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ˮָպȻȣİѹϵĽϹע룬Ų׺ڼţ졣
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׺ȴǿٵĳؽţ˵ǻ
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ˮԶǲ׺¸˵ԱĻˮ֪ô£ֳ嶯رǿҡ
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ˮű۾Ĳ׺£ߵˮõĸоĴôԣϧʱ
ˮЮźȻͨյ̨׺¾ʱ򿴵׺һ𣬵ܿƽ
оˮдĶ࣬ΪѾԼŵ̶ȡ
ͻƱֻԼͻƣݲκ˵Ĳֵģÿһߣÿһߵ֮Ƕһ޶ģǲκߵ֮ںϣԾҲﲻϡһЩҩŵرǿͻƵĳɹʣϧЩϡ٣
ߵ֮᱾ųκ֮һǿ߽֮ǿнߵľУֻһǾϡȻԽ£ͻҲôѡ
ߵ֮ǽ벻ǿߵľУֱӱų⣡
ˮȻ뵽׺¾ʱǱˮΪŵһΪˮ֮Ųû˵ʲôΪˮˮҪҲˡ
ȻҲ֮֮Уһа޼᲻ݵơ
ͻƱˮоڵĺȻӲٷ֮ʮͻϣٷ֮ʮָͻ˱ͻƵļʵİٷ֮ʮ
ڵĲ׺˵ɣһͻƵʵļǰٷ֮ʮˮڵĺȻٷ֮ʮĳɹӰٷ֮ʮӵǰٷ֮ʮеİٷ֮ʮ
С΢Сһɹʣڹؼʱѹյһݡ
ˮŲ׺ڵ֮ԽԽȣǿתţˮоԼ͵ĺȻ֮ø
ˮͻʱԼҲ԰ǣϧͻһؿֻܿԼΪû֮ˮǰѺȻҲûЧ
ڲ׺ڵ֮ﵽһ͵Ժʼпٵתһδεתһֱڴﵽһ³̶ȣһƶʱǵΡ̡ıϳȥ
ۣ
һײ֮ײתһȦƻָٴǵϳȥ
ۣ
ˮԴԴϵĽȻںϽ׺µ֮Уÿһγǳһϡ
ۣ
ۣ

һת˼֮ᵽ壬һż̵ıϳȥ
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֮ٴײ󷵻أǱһ˿ϸССףˮˣΪС׻Ͼɹˡ
С׶СΪǸǧ̻֮ѨеѨһ
ۣ
ϸСĿԽԽСΧҲʼ֧飡
䣡
һͬǰˮ֪ɹˣѸٵ˳ԼĺȻûжİ뱧
׺ͻǵ˲䣬һӴӰٻ룬ڱϴǰ֮ںϡ
ʱ׺¸оȫڷȫҲо˵ǰˮѾϵİѹƺҪ

˫ۣϹЦݣֻǷˮôʱͺˣĽëڲ
ϲϲҲʾˡ
ˮֱһӰѲ׺±ڻ

׺¾˵ֻ˶ˮ˵ŨҵϢĻš
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ˮŲ׺ͽо꾻ĸо˵еհףŮ˻ͷŵһ˲䡭
лл㣬ˮ
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׺¾һˮУֱҧסˮ
ˮҧ˵۲ۣ˵ĸоˮ֪ʲôоǰ׺˵ллˮΪ˸ֱǻԲ̵ͦһ¡
࣬е컣ˮֻһо
ָãӵĸо𺳣

Ų˲ſٵķֿʱ˽ɫ죬ˮٿĲ׺¡
ˣô죿
ˮ˵
ˮ
˵
׺ˮһ۲Ż˵
úãҲ˵˵ŮˣҪ
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׺رů˵ˮҪҪ뵽ĸľԶ
ֻѾˣ̲סоһʹ
㣬Ҳ˵ˣ
һ׺įʱˣΪ׺Ϊ˵Ļ
ˮܿ׺µ񣬼ˮ˽⣬ΪĻģҲµ˴š
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ˣĵ㣬ֻ㿪ģҸǻй˲ŻῪġ
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ţҺһԶٺõģǾͻ칬ɣʦˡ
׺½Щ˲ĵȴЦ˵
㣬ͻˣ
ĿŲ׺£ûп׺µͻƣ׺˵ͻƺȥ칬
ڻ׺·һ˿΢ı仯о׺˱øӳȴƺˡ
׺´ϳ£ˮЦҺȥһԷ
ˮŮ뿪ľܰǰִ붼ûģּŮҲֻھݴ½ֵĵطУǰŮ˲ױ߳ŵĲࡣ
ʹױƷѳŮ˻һޱȣ˵ʵʡرһЩƷŮˣǰһɬ崿ŮֶǣȴϿҰ
ǰŮŮҲֲˮǸŮ˾ϲˮˮһˮҲ֪Ҳܡ
ǸŮûмʮǣŮɫ߶֪ʲôŸְ취Լ뿪
ʵ⣡


430 Բġ׷칬
οˮǰԱԲһŮ˻ϲûʵûаȫУÿһڸоݺرڸоϵڱʱ
ھݴ½ͲһˣȻҲıھԵʵǰһжֽϻ
ˮоһȻСڶž޴İõ٣Ҫе١
˵еپͻõ٣ȻҲȥеˣʧ֪Ǹ
ܿˮŵϤζˮеоҪѧڼз棬ѧ֣ѧȴ
۹ŸߣٷŸһ㣬ͻܴᷢ۹ŵԶˣһжоô΢
վԶһɽҲǺСģ
˺ܷʢɾеϡʲôģֻҪǰﵹͲʲô⡣
ˮĲˣǳɫˮܳԾŮҲרһʱġٿΧȹŮˮоеһ
ΧȹˮоּһĸоŮ˴Χȹ³Ѿѵһˡ
ˮŮҲ֪ʲôʱʼѾߵһֵĹϵУˮָоԼֻȢ֮еһʵ֣Ȣˮڸо˭ҲŲڣҲᣬҲֻҲ
һٷһʱмǼһΣһЩƽĻ⣬ʱĴöЦ൱Ǣ˵࣬ЦҲ࣬ҲΪձúǢܰ
ҹˮǱŮͬʱҲ˵ǰ칬
صԼķ䣬һʱɾ
ɾѾܳʱˣˮ֪ûô򵥣̫ȭǡɡĽ׶Σͻƶʱǲˡ
һϹǿˮٴͶ뵽У¿ͷѣһȥͻࡣ
ˮտʼʱо޴֣ڷҲôѣȱǹֻĥ
ҲԵģˮڻǰıȽϣȻûгɹǿԿڻӱ͸оϾͱǰЩǿܶࡣ
ʱĺܿ죡
ˮѾԽٷ֮ʮ࣬ʱĽ
һҲԼʮѾˣҪǶַϣԼͬʱԷ޶ȵ
徳۷ǧȻҲڻĽţϧûͻƵļ󣬲ˮҲˡ
徳ѾܲˣϾ̫ȭͻͻɺϺ͸ˮǧڵľ֪㡣
ܾˮ򵽵Ķܾڷ¡ƽƵҲ뵽ִһеϺȻǿѹ
ϧˮһֱûôõˮоһãˮ֪ܾô֣ˮ֪ѾͻһΡ
϶ܾĸо·ɽˮĿǰûзֿõʹöܾĵط
çţ
ն

ˮţһ¡񵤡һʥ֣֮

ˮ֪ٶȵҪѾо磬Ҫֹ֪ģˮͶʱĹ֮һϧ̫Ȼֻ˵ͱˮٶһֱ˵ڷٽš
ɽнȴûиܵͻƵĸоߡʵĶܲס
ˡǿƣ΢ĿԼƣˡѾϽ֮С
ǿߵ¿ŷɥֱƽԷѹƵ֮

׶ޡĵ֮Ǻǿģͺ貽൱ǿ󣬲뵽ɾϽ΢΢
Ȼÿϴ̫ȭʱϸ΢ٶȻľһ˱ÿֻӰ֮
ۻʽĹҪʱͼԼġ
ͨԲҲûʲô仯ͨǴɾ磬ѾﵽʱпͻƵĳ̶ȡ
׷
ˮ׷ˮͶʱܶرڻԺˮ֪Լѧˡܺ׷һʹãЧֱǳ̬
ѶԷţٶȡ
ѾǴɾ׷ҪͻƼ׷ôǲͻƣˮ൱ĲˬϾһͻƵԲ磬ǺôǾ޴ģʵҪǿ
ˮҧĽ֮Ҳȵýȥ
Ȼ
һĳ壡
ˮҧȻȻХһ
񷣡
ѪȻȫﵽһ۷״̬
ƣ
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ˮһˮһ̵ĸоҸ⡰׷ܵ˵ʱõĲ̫ЧǼ٣Ӹأ
Բġ׷ӶԷٷ֮ʮĸأٷ֮ʮٶȣ
ˮ붼о̬Сһʹá

ڶ죬ŮȻ˼䡱һڶ÷ѩҲû˸ǰ£ǰýڡ˼䡱˼Ѿ˿Ĵɺҵĵλ
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ˮЦ֪˵ǿռˮʱ׺¾ΪͻӰ롣
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ˣҾ˵˵ڼģǲǶԽʲôѽˡ
ץסͻ׽Ūˮ
ˣˣҸ㲻ҪװĶҵĻࡣ
׺΢Ц˵
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ˮɴŮһϽ񣬻ֱɾûڵĽʵҲǴǣԪӲʵ
һǰ칬ˮǺܳصģϾ¶Ҫһ֮еĴɲô򵥡
ˮ̴ﵽԼɾϹǿֻҪʱһнпܣԼҩˮһε칬ͻ뷨ѰԼҪҩģݳഩڸ̶֮ӡ
󻹵ˮԪ
˴ӡ߼¼סǽ
ԼĻԼľ̤
һжڽøǿ󣬻ѰЧľ񵤣ˮ㵽칬Ʈǲҵҩ
ͻȻ뵽ԼõŲرͼһѾֵص㣬ϧڻɽԼûʵǰͬʱҲҵŵʲôԼõǲܴȵԼΪ
ɾеĻ¯ˮолбҪһ£ϾиɿƬվھݴ½֮ϵġ


431 ɽʯ
ˮṲ̊ϻ칬·;Ѿһˣ
ٶӺܶ࣬ҲǾˣˮûдôȵĻ칬ԾھͣϢǾס¥Ȼԭ
һպó˲˿ǣɫ΢ڣŮ˵ɫˣϢһٳɡ
Ҳãķ羰ɽɽˮ֣Һɢɢȥ
׺¿һƬɽˮȫ֮Ц
׺һ˵ˮŷ⴦طĸо治һıڽӣӵɽϵǧҵĸ߶ȣھݴ½ֻСɽұ֣һߴһľֻǴʱѾͺͺӦһµʱŻᷢѿɡ
ˮ൱ڽɨһۣĳЩСҰ޻߷Ҳǿ
һĵֻӵɽϴһĶԼҰ޵ܶ
ݣ
ˮڽʱеöʯѸٻ
ۣ
ֻɽáбֱ꣬Դ򴩣ˮϾͳֻɽáɽáһߣǰûʲôֻһ·ǰȸöܴ󣬺֫׳ٱĸ߶Ⱥ;룬ٶȺܿ죬ɽȻʳ͵һץǵĲࡣ
ڽĹˮͿǰɽв°ֻɽãˮʯӾһʱһƬɽõӰÿһֻɽöʮ׵ĸ߶Ȼʮ׾롣
ֻһһƬİֻɽþʧӰ٣ֻʣ±ˮ䵽ֻ
ְƤϴӵĻˮǲŮմֵģˮųŮ飬лˣϿó޵ĲӣǲϲԼ飬ҲˮоŮ˻һãԼ̡ɱɽãҲԸ⿴Ůֵġ̡һ档ǰˮϲŮ˹ʱɱɱһ
ˮŪúܿ죬ó;ߣһְһֿ⣬ϣοˮڵ⿼Ҳ൱Ҳǡе
ȻղȴҪģЩʲôʵԼصϣ䷨ֶǲ⴫ġ
ˮоûʲôҪ˼ʱԼĲⷽ涫̸ر𰮺óյ÷ѩ
÷ѩˮҪһʦھݴ½ʦ͡һƣʦԵøһЩ
ˮû˵ǸǿŮӣԱߵ٩Ҳûãεˮһġʦ㣬㣬ˮǲ̫ˣǳְҺ³֡
Ų׺Ƶ˵
ģ˾ˮ𡣡
׺ºǺЦ
ǰرֻ˵ʱ׺ҲͦʵģʱҲῪЦʱһ٩ˮ
ôҲԲֵģ
ˮЦŵݸŮһһֻɽõĺ˳һ䣬ˮо㣬˵Ļġ
ҳҪ𡣡
գ˫Ըе˵
׺ֻ΢ЦŲ˵
úãС㣬ǱһֱСҲ㡣
ˮ˵ҧеһͷ⡣

Сߣ
ˮһеĿʹҧһ顣
Ϧʱֻʣһ˿νŮĽӳĸӲ续һʱˮķ
㣬㿴å
һƬ糺죬ȴǽЦſˮȴŲ׺˵
ˣȥ߿ɣ
׺±ˮĿ⿴е㲻Ȼˮ˫۾ɫֻ˿峺һů̾
ˮΣҲǵһαϷˣǰˮŮ˵ʱܲԾ뵽Ůͼ
ˮо׺ºͻŮͼϵŮѷɫ׺֮ˣŶص֮ϢŮͼϵļŮ
ģǷԹģԸĵٷֿҲֻƯϣɢ˵еκһô¡
ϣ
ȥȥ
˼ĻعͷŻ﷢ˮ
ȥȥ
عˮӣǺ˼룬Ҳ֪ŮԼʲô顣
ɽȥ֡
Աߵˮ˵
ɣĶһ
Ǿɽɣ
׺Ц
ǲǺܸߵɽȥɽϵߵ᫣ɽϵͷɽϵβ
˻ɽȥԽ߸оԽ󣬺ҷ罫˵Ļ졣
Ů˿˵Ķǣ
ڴʱͻȻһֻɫɽóǰ·ܵһתɽȥÿһεԾ߶ȾȻﵽֲİ֮ࡣ
ӲӵɫرۣɫʯͷɫɽƯܶ࣬ͷһɽòֻǺ֫Ӵ׳ǿ
ʯ
׺¾ȵ˵
ˮȴѾѸٵļȥˮץסֻӲΪ׺µľˮобҪֻǿĽץסΪˮֻӶԼĴӡ׶ޡ򵽵ġа
ˮ۾ŻڰյĽɫӣеһʯȻĿǽӵıˮɲҲȡ
ۣ
ˮȵʯӴϱķ飬ڰеĽӾȻûܵ˿Ӱ죬˵ˡ
ûüȵˮֽӾȻڰת¶ɫһˮɿһֻһ㣬
ⶫȷ
ֱʱˮʶӦֻӣȻ켶ӣǰ׺¾ʱˮѾȥûȻǰҲôСȥһֻޡ
Ӽ˻ҧˡ
ˮû뵽ɽҲ켶ģһӲӵģӦĳŵرˡ
̫֣
ڽצˮʱˮ΢Цһѽץס
ˮϲ̤ͣǱ治СϧˮҪǻ߶Ըֻӻûһ취
һߴСĽˮûж󣬰ֱ۶ѣˮнٽ
ʵı仯
ȥôͣеӲģʱֻȴǿĿˮ
ˮСȻеͨˣӲĲл֪ġ
ˮɱֻʯġ
һˮץסʯϽܹ˵۶۵Ŀֻһ߸ߵĽӡ
ʯСȻ۾رһ㣡
ҿɫӣСҰǵƤ
ˮеӽе
ʯȴһ׳ĺȾȻһʱˮŻȥ
ˮһȻʯԴȥ
Ҫɱ
ͻȻһҲʯ˺һѾȻס
ˮֻҪʯһжˮʵסġʯĺ֫԰߿ƶǣһʯһĴݣˮ֪ɰ
ˮȵǣСȻȵĴڻĻһ˫ֵĴ۾ˮ·ˮǶôһ

ˮƵûرģԱߵĲ׺ҲչЦ
ˮɱˣɣⶫ껹һֻ޻Ҫϡȱ
ͨ׺Ѿ֪ʯر
ˮץ죬Ȼ⣬ֻû뵽ôӲǰҲǿԾΣ̷Ըֻõͷ
ˮЦЦʯڵϣ
Сһ߰ɣ
СԴʾ߰ɡ
˾ȵʯȻһȦٴ
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ˮڶе㼤ԼڴϽսףϱǽʵĸϿԴﵽʲôʵ
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ͻȻ䣬ϡ쳤庮ҷȥĿĺԣץס庮ҷҪЮˮҲĿǰΨһһ


435 նɱ庮ҷίл
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庮ҷŲɫȴ˲佫ǧ˵ƶ
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˷欣ϢˮŮӡ㷢磬һֱۣͦıӣ΢̵ӣСڲˮģ˼ġ
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һιƽһξ룬ɽڵľҲԽԽɽڵĴѾңң
ſվˣˣҲѾ˫ް߰ףеѾ뷢ȫףһ񲻴Ȼβסĵǡ
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ЩˮһҶˣʥһҶҲѱʦ֮һͬʱҲǿ֡ƿռ䡱ļ壬ϧһҶ軹ûѧѱޱ¶ûѧ⵽ʨҡ
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һҶòһҶļһҶ˵ʥݵĺüҵѱʦ屻ʨ£
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һʧǰˮȴͻȻǸܳߣеĽǳ֮ıǽǺеľ޴ˮĻӳʹ

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ˮȵ˵ˮ֪ԼȫʩչǧһЩѵһ֮һǧˮ뵽ǰһǧһǸһʮȴǧ
ԣҸоĵղŵһ֮ǧ˵ûɡ
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ԭξȻۡģԼֻСһһҪˮо롰һǿĽ۷壡


437 ս㽣
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˵ŮͼŮӹ棬ǣڸ涼֮ѡرòǻۺʵ϶Ҫ߳ġ
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ˮһʱеңǰĻȻˮ𺳲СȴûƮʱңοˮûʲô˼ߵŮҲˣЩŮûһʡ͵ĵƣܴõġ
ˮԼɫ뷨ֻǱºʵסȻݴ½ΪʲôʵǮ˶檣ò绨ײƽֻһŮˣûʲôɫŮˡ
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ǿ˵ɵٶȺ͸ѾһСĿ׷ǿ֮
һŮӷѩ׵ĳɢƸϬˣٴڽµĵϼ̤ţˮ̤·߷·ͼһ
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ˮоһҲ㲻ģֻӲƴˮԼǿţοǻ׵ĹЧڡ
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ˮÿһǺһлŮڱԼɵĸغͼٶȺȴһĽƣȻǿ
ˮûиоܵʲôˣо𵴣һ˺ĲжǹѾûʲô󰭡
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΢üƺе˵
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ǲǿԸˡ
ˮƺܹġ
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ǻҪ𣿡
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ôҪߣ
㾪ȵ˵
庮ҷȴǽЩ΢Ĳ촽ʲôҲû˵ˮ뿪ʱѾ
ˮ庮ҷǸܵ⼸ûԼһĺúõģˮûʱ仨ЩŮ档
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һһһεǨӣֻƺһֱԼԡ


438 ܷɣɻ
ǸˣҲǸʱˣǸվŮˣһǨһ˵õȴĮ
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ˮǰʱлͷ庮ҷүүõĴ𰸡
ϳǵİ£деĳķĹǺܶ࣬Ϊط˭ܱġ
ܿҵ˲׺֮Ĺˮóɾľƣò׺һмϾû׼Щ
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Ťˮ䣬ԼŤһŽϲĵˮ
ȿȣ˼˯ˣ
ˮǺЦ
ˮˣ
ˮǺЦ˳ֹ˹λǣ
ˮ
СĽˮ
ţôˣ
ˮŻСеѽ⡣
ʵɲҪһǱ˵ˡ
Ȼ˵Ų˵ȴڸˮҪ˵㻹׼
˵ɣ˵ʲôҲ
ˮӣˮýָͷҲ뵽Ҫʲô
ˮˣǺǣǸĴǸСˣ
˵仰ʱһֱڿˮɫֻҪһֲԾͻסڡ
ôԸߣʱҵİ
ˮһֱ΢ЦſŻ
ȥǿû˵Ҫ޸㡣
һ䣬˿Ŀˮ
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ˮٺٵЦſѾе޵ݵĻһµӺݹŮζԱߵĲ׺Ҳе㲻Ȼ
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ˮܿģѾ֪Ů⣬Ȼǳϣˮޱȡ
ˮ㻹ûлشء
ˮһֻ첲˫Ը˵
ûʱ̸飬ҶѾͷ綷ˣ˵ҲһҸûң⼸һĺúõġ
ˮеǣǿ˵
û˵ʲôоͽһˮ֣ܿʹ֪ϾδޣˮԼԼһʱοԼȵá
ˮ֮һ̲סһ˿Ц⣡˦Щ˷յͷЩ˼ʲôá
ˮǸŮ˺͵¡
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Ҫ̧߱ˣ²κŮ˲ҪԷƱҼ˭Ҳ˭˵Ҽû˭˭Ưһȥ֪˭Ư
ˮſĵЦ˵֪˵ǻ㽣
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;ǿģˮ飬;пԿ羰߿һЩ鼮յĻ˫һļٵĻ裬⡣
תۼ¹ȥˣ
ҹˮ˿£аʱͻͲ׺̸ʣµʱˮῴ伮ˮѾʼܷˣϳǵһսˮҲ֪ǿ󣬱ˮѧģˮǾһŻΪˮܸоЩѭ򽥽Ĺϵ
ʱ䣬ˮܷҲųɹϧûüʵֱӱɾ˳
ˮоܷҪѶҪһ㣬ˮɾʱ䣬һʱ䡣
һʱֻܻܷϣ
ûôۣڴ︴գһζϳʱˮʵһֱȥһˡ
֣
ǸǰĴ糤úˣԼϹŶַ֮ˣ֪ڹĺòãӦû⡣
ϽɾˮʲôҲûйֱȥʵܷЧ
ˮֱӰܷԼϣ
ȻˮȻЦˣ
ɵķ
ˮԼԼѧǶԼһЧ
ٴλƣһϹǿǰϹǿͻƵһʮ죬ͻԱȽףˮ֪ģΪһʮǰһٰʮҲ൱ѡ
һʮһ쵽һʮ죬һλһԽϿĽ׶Σɾһͻͻһ죬ҲʱһЩ
ɾͻƵһʮˮʵһΪ֮һЩ֮Ҳܴﵽһٰʮ졣


439 ̫ƯŮ˲ãص칬
ݳѾңңʱͻᵽѾ·˲һ࣬ٴλصݳѾʱˡ
ڶȥ칬͵һô󣬵һˮ飬㽣ˮҲ֪ݵ۷ʵĿ¡
ôǸ͵һƯŮˡĲ֪ǵڼ׽Ūˮˡ
룡ˮɬһЦ
ôѵƯЦʵ
ƯƯˮ˵
ƯƯ˫ĵǳǳ״ˮԲ
Ư
ǲǱƯеĽɫ¶š
ûƯˮŲ᷸ͼĴˮԭǲıģĻشܿ϶
ߣα˭ܿóƯû£ܽܣ˵˵ǲǱƯ΢Цſˮ
ˮҲ֪ΪʲôץסⲻţˮоϾ壬һĽᣬ׽ŪԼ
ǸоԼ׺ƯûƮƯ쿴ǸлŮˣС
һӺװŮӣˮκѷɫرǹĨķˮԣˮһҲģоȻġ
вκ˲ģʵûһضĸʱһָоˮһر˵
ˮҲû뵽ŮҲвŵʱ򣬲Ҳѹ֣Ͼ׺¡һҶ衢۳ֶǸлŮˣһƮ졣
ʹڰǵݺӡʦװ¸¥ҲǱѷɫŮӣһŵմʱо
ô˵˵һܱȵǸлŮˡݸЦ˵
ô˵ɣŮ͵̶ֳȲʲô顣ˮǺǵЦ
ŶʲôԭǸŮ˲ϣԼɣǸ˲ϲԼŮġĿˮ
ÿ˶ϣԼŮһߵŮˣһѪ⣬ŮˣһܴŮˣһĤݵŮ񡣡ˮŻ˵
һȴǿĵЦˣǽǲŮء
ǣѾӡŮšһֻţټӰѾϣһֻҲһôõŮӵʲô˵ˮе㲻ȻȴЦݵĲ׺¡
ţֻˮ㲻ϲŮһŮ𣿾Ǹ㣬ߵҶġˮ
ˮӿЦŮģǾŻҸŮȥÿĤݡ
࣬ҲеѵĶûһо΢Цţֻٴγ˽ζЦ⣬һֻСꡣ
Ҷô˵ɣǾյǳ̫ңԶнʹнҲǣֻһ̡ˮ΢Цҡҡͷ
ʲôʵɫġ
ˮҲ֪ںԼĴ𰸣Ϊˮֻ֪ںʱĲŻʲôҲںӡ
ҵġ㡯ҾǸˣ˵ǻȥֻܿǳϲءˮЦǺǵ˵峺ϡ
ȥҲŲ㣬ȻǸ󻵵һ˵Цˮܿġ
ǰ߾͵ˣȥɣ׺һ䡣
ˣѾ칬ĳˡˮЦ칬ֻгϺͳϼϵĲſĳŷɽ칬ŵУ˼ĵط
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ˮоһξ뻹߱ȽϺã
Ͼ뿪칬ʱղˣˮ칬ô˵ȻǼǵԼģˮ칬ͷˡ
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ˮ˭иãʵ
Ǹ칬ĳϣ֪˰ɣ
Ƕս¥˵ǸţˣǸ۷ŹĿˮ
ԣǴϣյǸ
칬Сһϣ

ȻСۣˮУߵŮԼЦЦ
ɽľľʯܿͿ˲ĵסͬʱҲſ￴Ĳġ
үү
үү
үӣ
׺ºͻһ˱Ųĵĸ첲ĵĽеˮŮĵӣرǲ׺¡
ˮͲһЦ
ˣðɣرĿĵ˵ˮǿԿǷĵĿġ
ɥӣûһѪ׺ȻͽܵȴǸİӲ٣ǴСģ¶˵Ů
ţã
ˣүӣʱɽϺٽ¥ɵأˮŲʵ
ǺǣҪ˵أǻãݳǵڱƴ
ڱƴˮɻĿŲġ
ţݳһɣ칬¥ҩڡڡؼҡң֪ˮǼɺңֱǰ˵
ǿ𣿡ˮ֪칬¥ҩڣоؼң°Ӿؼҵߡ
ǸںͺˮͲ֪ˣ
Ѿһǿˣݣ¾ݳǣ˭֪ûʿˣǿҲֻһǿѡ
ˮγǣ½ޱߣ¶ǲ׺һڣССİе̶˭֪оȻǿޣġ
үӣǸǿ𣿡ˮѱɻеġ
ڱǿһɣΪλ̫ϳ϶ѱһֻ۷ޣһڳǿɣֻ˶㣬һֻո𼶱ޡ𾦱Գʱǰѱϧûѱȫûһսڵĵλֱµձ˭ܿ϶ûһӵ۷޵ء
ĵĻˮ̲סںΪһҶԭˮѱҲ֪һЩϾѱʦھݴ½ǿְҵ֮һ
ˮ֪ڵѱ֮ǿǿ󣬵֪޷ȣҲˮоҲ̫˰ɣѱͬ޻ôѣ
үӣѱʦѱͬ޶𣿡
ţһѱ޺ѣΪҪǣһô״ﵽҪ֪ͬ޿ɴǸͬߡĺſȥһ˵
ڵѱͬأˮȻ뵽һЩ֪Բԣرλ۷ѱ۷޵⡣
ѱֱӵķǰ޴򵹣£ȻʼѱоҸн޴ˣȻѱǰѱĳɹԻͺܶ࣬ȫʹãʺϳں󱳵İҲǺ֮ͬ໥һַ˵ıԼǿޣʩԮ֣ȻڽѱֻⷽȽΣա
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д轻ʵ˵˽ԹĵطĺǺЦ
˽Թô£ˮһĨ⡣
ݳһҲ⸽һǿľɺңСмβڵĶԹ϶֮ĶԹ칬ͽ¥ġ
ǲڱƴǲǿɱˣˮ΢ЦĿŲġ
ڱƴлû˭õĴӶ̨ġĺǺЦ
һˮоһ񱩵Ѫˮ뵽˽¥ˮתͷŲʵүӣڱƴʲôغ𣿡
Уͬһпֱ̨սȥ˱̨ϵ˱ָߵĻҪ̨ϵͬ⣬Ǳֵ͵Ŀֱսߵģļ̵Ľ˵һ顣
Ǽ򵥣ߵʵһƽҪˮ̾һ䡣
ûжʱ䣬޼˵˽ˮóԼزٵľƣĺþƣˮɾдŵľƶóһ㡣
ˮôҪҪμڱƴ޼һڵĳŮˮ
ɣˮ뵽ǸˣϵĻԼһҪȥġ
ȥأˮҪסֻͬս޼˵ˮһ˴᲻ϧһдˮصġ
ţһģллʦ塣ˮڷ޼ĹĻͦмģݴ½Լûм˵ġ


440 ڱƴϣգˮ
ʦ壬ֲҵıȶμӵ˻𣿡
ˮоҵıȶж˲μӣϾ˽Թġ
տʼжԹȥȶ˫ȶǷУ˫ĳԽԽԽһѪԱȼʲôǴҪÿһڱƴǼҵġ
޼ǺЦ
ĻǵҪܶ𣿡
ˮɻʵ
Ǻǣ꣬ǧǲˡ
޼˵ǿš
ˮ뵽ļ仰ɱһΪΪۣľŰΪۣ
ɱ˺ͻһǿɱľŰ˵ˣֻǳɱѹҪȥǿ

һֱ磬ˮصԼסֻߵʱվסˣΪվһŮʱЦĿ

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ˮǴ˫ۣȻ֪װȴŮҪôˮԼ
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ĵĵͷȻˮûӣȴ֪һСᷢ仯ڲԼųˡ
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ͻƸоԺɣֻҪۻ޾ͻ׵ͻƣˮʱʵ賤
һֱᵽһʮ죬ˮʱһӿȣʱŬһЩΪһٰʮٶȻٴν
һʮΣˮ֪Լʵܶ࣬ʵˮԽǸоΣ
վڴڿž嫵ǿգǵµɢ̵Χ
ˮûҪȥݴ½е壬ڿε񣬽ˮҲ뵽ݴ½ϾۼʶԼɳرĸ׶ĸֱôڰֽһӤ׶Σˮȴһ㿴˹֪ĸΰ
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ˮĹâңԶҹһʧ䡣
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ˮҲǰ棬⹫｣ʺܺãˮǰµţϧĹѾˮȫڸǡ
ˮ磡
｣ƿˮȵ˹
ˮ磡
ˮ磡

мǺˮ˵ĶܹȵĺŶˮŨŨĳݡ
ʲôʱҺǹϵˣ
ˮɻĿŹ｣ЦЦֲЦˣˮЦЦҲʧʲô
ˮʲôʱġ
｣û˿н̹Ȼ˵
´ϣҲ˳죬ˮԿԿ｣Ƶı仯ǰǸ߰ԴĹӸ緢˷츲صı仯
ģĺ
ˮЦŻһ䣬˸̫ʱ
һˮҪǰ˺󼸲мһֱ֪ûУһ򵥵ֵĶǸо˼飬Ǹо¡
ǰﵽʦѾ̾ΪֹˣˮڶѾǡɡ̫ȭÿһʽж̺¹ӵζƮƮûκȴΧġ˱仯
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˿̵ˮڹ｣Ƶ˿ʵ͵Ľգ޼᲻ݵÿһʽûлȴȻĴ
㳡˺ܶ࣬ʱĻԿ಻칬ˣ٣ϾµĹ㳡
ǰûߵʱ˶ˮÿôȭе㲻Ǵֻ̰һˮ¥оŸĵӴ򵹺ͱˣٺˮѰǸϣմܺ󼸺Ѿ˲֪˲
Ǹʱſʼע⹫｣Ѿˮʼϰסȭǲò｣Ƶ۹⡣
Χ˱Ͳ٣ȴǸˣ
߰ϿȥĹ㳡ҸλãһڱƴҪʼˣȥ˿ɾʲôҲˡ
ǰѼһڱƴܴҲһνܾһأҪúÿѧ㶫

ˮչˮ߲ܵԶһϢرͻͷȥˮһˡ
ϣգ
ûȤһ𿴿ƴ
ѵϣվȻȿڵˮЦ
ʵ٣Ǽĺô
ã
ˮЦӦһȻ｣ơ
ˮ粻ùңȥɣһҲȥ
ˮͷȻϣղȥ
μӱȶġ
ϣտԶ˵
㻹һ
ˮĻһ䡣
ɱ¾գҸо㲻ġ
ϣһЦ¶׵ݡ
վǰ棬տݵˮû뵽Ȼȥ׷ƮŮӣϧעҪ˵ġ
ɱһ˵ģֻǲ֪᲻֡
ˮ΢Ц˵
ϣղûнˮĻͨóѡĬ
һ߽壬ʱˣرԽ㳡Խ࣬ſ˽ȡ
ûжԶˮڱĿעӣˮЦߵϣգˮô챻ϳиҫ۵ˡ
ǲϣ𣿡
ǰô˧ô͡
һ޵Ů˵
˵ʵǴǡ
Ҳ˵ˣ
ţǿϣߵ˭
۰еᣬζϣպ˿ѷɫôûע⵽ôζء
ˮ
ˮ


441 ѱʦʨ
ԽԽϵˮϣӿǴйˮĻ⡣
Ȼ˿ˮϾ뿪칬ˣʱôܲ˼
ˮˣαƴеɱˣθ칬ͷˡ
һ칬ĵӼĺš
ǰˮ칬һǿһ
̾˸ͽǻһΨ²ҵӡ
ˮһɱƬײ

Ц̫Цˣ
칬Щ˵Ȼʱһͻأ
˵ЦȻֹͷȥһֿ꣬Ũüۣ񣬱ӷֱ°͵ĺӹεøɸɾֻһĨɫǳҰֿ񣬸һּ߹ĸо
ڵˣ
˿һڵķγʵһ㾪Ⱥۡ
ѱʦҩʦͬжĴڣһҩʦսϲûʲôسҩʦһһЩĵҩ˲ڶʱڴʵϻһЩҩۣԽͶԷĳһ
ѱʦҲǲѷɫһߵʵй֮޲οͬʵǲһսеѱʦűǸߺܶʵޣһ߶Ľҩʦѱʦġ
ҩʦ󣬶ѱʦΪǿʵȻҲ
ǿѱʦûʲôмѱʦģҲ˽ܡرǶԷɢǿƺѹ֪˺ǿ
Ϊʤˮ
һ칬뵽ˮǿعʵ
̫ˣѱʦǿǲģԺɱ첻ǱɱˣЩ˵Ǳģ¶ڱĲһõġ
ȴǺ
ͷβһַƵ˸оһֲмͿ᲻
һָоһ־ֻص˸
ʹɣ
ǣǰҿǶѱʦޱȣĽսǿ磬Ů˶ңԴӿˮǿҲ֪ԭҲǿҲǿɱġ
һ˷̾˽˵

˾ĳЩ˿Դ󣬾ԼҲԸұܰѹȥﵽһ̬ƽ⡣
˵ϲܶԼɵ磬ȻԺЦģ˽Ŵֿ
겢ûз΢ЦĿǰһȺˣ·ڿһ㣬û˿Ȼתȥ
ʲô˵ܡ
ǣһ֪Ǹûʵˣ
һ˫ͷܳ겻ݵ˵
ǰûʵװƱǻС󣡡

꽫ЩڶУǵЦȻû˿仯һȺֻ԰οԼֻһӵ
ˮϣߵһʵλͣ㳡ɽ˺ҲǺܶ࣬ϾֹսӾ飬ʶ㡣
칬ŵվһվ˶̨ĶλãģںһЩϣм̫ϳｻ̸ʲô
̨ǽ¥칬ࡣǴڸԷ¥ĽʿеյȻǽϧС죬ǲŤ
ͬһЩϼ̫ϳϼģˮûпϴε̫ϳϣҲû˰ɡ
ˮҲûп㣬ȻˮѾ֪𰸣Լ񲻻Ųæĸϵ칬ٶȲһ򲻹ʽ¥飬ûпҲ
ڽ¥лɨϴǾŸӱԼɱ߸ˮûпֻ̫ûз֡
ˮĿѸٵӴţʵмɵģοˮҪҵ˶е̳Ⱥз·й⻷һ߻Χˡ
ţ⻷
ˮ۾ʶɢȥˮʶгҹеөһˮʶ֮еĹ㣬ˮ֪ÿһʹһ˵ġ񡱹ԽԽԽǿʵҲԽǿ
ϧָи޶ȣ̫Զĸܲ
ŵЩͷӣһɲߣˮʶǰĵݣΧࡰ㡱סˮ֣ҲֻɢĹ⻷ͬ
۷塰񡱵ı־
ˮٴθܣԼߵϣҲǲݴСѵǽʼľ⡰ݡСֻө֮⣿
ˮٴϸĿһȷԼ뷨Ϊˮ˲׺ºͻսʾĲ׺µġˮо硰ʮȵĵݡһǰܵЩ̫ϳ϶ǡһٶȡһһٶȵĸʵ̫
ʵ۷һξǡݡСġԽʵԽǿ󣬷ˮرģٿԸ׼ȷжһ˵ʵ¶ԷٸʵĹҲûãϾˮʶӦ߲еģȻˮûǿģҪʵŻʱʶǿȺ͸ǵľҲԽԽ㡣
ˮ뵽˵ǿߵʶл确¡һС̫һҪôǿʵ
𣬻Ǹ߼ġ
ˮ㿴Ǹڵĳһǰ
ϣָŶ̨ǰر۵˵
ˮǸ꣬˵ĸоһ࣬ˮоԼҪȶԷһͷ࣬쳣վһСɽһ㣬Ϭ絶ɢһֻ͵һ㣬ȫһڵսףսѥ
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ˮǸڵĳ˵
ֻսʤѷ֣óޣұ䣬úܿ죬ܲҡ
ϣղûֱӵ˵
޺ǿ𣿡
ˮʵѱʦҲеĽģԼָӣԼվں棬Լð͵ϮΪԼᣬˮˬ
ˮ뵽ԼĽޣˮڸоԼľǲִ̫ˣܡ𼶱µʵΪԼá
ˮҡҡͷȻ˾ͲڣοˮоֻڲͬˮرϲһʱʳԪʵǲ֪ܲٴ졣
ֻһֻޣ߼ġʨޡ
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ʨ޳Ļͷʨβצף׶࣬ʵһʮʮĻʨޱΪʨ
ÿǧֻʨвһֻʨʨ޴ȺӣʨлһǿĴڣÿֻвųһֻĻʨ޻ʣ۷ޡ
ʨȺӣһ㶼ǧֻΪһȺ壬ҲɢĻʨޣʨͻʨ޻߶ŴȺĸ߼ʨޣû˵˭ѱʨ޻ʣѱʨĵУڵ̫ϳϴ󲿷ֶһֻֻʨ
Ҳˮȣ޾Ȼ߼ĻʨޣΪʨ޺еֻĳֵֻ֣Ļ޻϶ǱϳĻʨǱĻʨϳģҲñѱʦϾԳǧĻʨޣ۷Ҳֻ
ʨ߾ᱻǿʨսʨʧܾͻᱻ³ΪߵĻʨ޸ϳȥռԭʨĴԻʨޣսʨĻʨһսܽ
ǻʨĹڻʨ޻ʲսսģĻߣ˵һֻõĻʨޣǴӿʼ߾͸߳Ļʨ޺ܶ࣬ҲԵʣʨ޻峤ĺܿ죬ǵһĻʨ޴һĻʨǻɫʨ޻ȴɫ
Ļߣûлʨ޻ȥսǣĺֻһֻɫߣһһʲôʧ⣬ôȴǵľǱĻʨȺûԻʨȺԾıûʨ޻ʣرǰ
츳ֻҪһͻﵽ۷ʵսޣΧųǧĻʨޣû˻޸ȥǡ
һĻʨ޳ɳռҲܴ󣬻ʨҲǴӻʨнģ˵κһֻʨԭ϶ԳɳʮʵֻҪһʱ䡣
˵һѱʦرǿѱʼ޵ѱʦϣѱһֻʨޣΪмʳɳΪʨ
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ˮһˣȲ׺ҪֻǱ׺һЩζʹˮΧŮӶǳԵĿǸꡣ


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ˮ࣬Ȼϻĳɷ־Ӷ࣬еõģ
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ˣôˣͽ״̬սľվڶ̨ϺжԷɡ
΢Ц˵ȥ
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Ȼ˶ݼž˶ǿŶ̨ҲеΧ飬û⶷̨ȥ
ϣ֣һˣôû˿ͷء
ˮּһյʱˣȻû˶Χʼ۷׷ףһƬ
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ˮͷҲΧٴοƮ׺ºͻ۵վΧȫŮӣɫϼѣΪһעĿķ羰ߣܿ˺ܶ඼￴
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ʱŮ˵Ŀ̧ˮĿһˮԼе㷢ţеֵֹġ
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˲ƽ˵˫ߵؿڣӵ˫۱ԣһȻ˸ͬھ
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ڵĿʨǰ̿ʨǼеһ꾪ȵ˵
ôܣǰȻ˵ûʵ

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ϣ֣ʵ칬һΣһˮԼʵ칬˽ҲֻµƮյǳһʶķֻǿհ׵ľӶࡣ
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ˮȴԼʶһУΪˮʶĶѽЩ߸οеЩֻݴ½еĲ׺һڡ
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ϣЦЦҲˮļҲٶֱ˵̷ͺʫŵֳֻ֪ʤ̷򺣼֤ʵ̷ͺʫŽӴˡ


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һ˽׿ʨѪȣһֻֻ޴ʨӴǿῡ
ΰҿ㡮֮ػһ㻹ô⡣ʨƵͺһǿҵĿ֮
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Ƽ˵۷ޡޡĹͷƶɣǿĴ͸ƻ
ˮԼˣݴ½صĲϺܱ֤ܴܶ࣬ﵽֲľˡ
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ˮԣԱмٵЧǿĹԺżķǿѹ
˵ӲУ¾ԣҲ֮׻𣬱һĻԵ˺ӿֲѡ
ˣȻиӣˮ𣬲˭Ϳ˭˭ǿͿ˭мԽߵޣ֮Խǿ
ΰǰǴˣȻޣǽҿ㡮ƼסӲҴƼϬʨıٵĽƼң̱
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ƼָŽΰһ̨Χһ㣬Ϊ˶һĲ
ףҪҪῶ䡣һſݵԵͷ˵ʹҲûлš
ͷüëҲѩɫģһ˫۾ȴǺʱĿŶ̨ϵһС
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ǿɢǲһ㣬Χ˶ǾĿŽΰΪڶܸо῵ʵڲϵĿš
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῿Լһֱĸо֪ԼôҲ㲻ģеƽƽһӳ
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ˮҷʵɲˡϣտˮЦ
΢ͻƣˮǺЦš
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ῲǽǵһǿһ

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ⲢؼҡҺҩھͲ϶̨ǶǴд໥ս罻һ㣬ȻԸ
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ȥЩˮƽޣˮͻϣһЩĻ⣬ΧһƬ̾ͻʱˮ̲ס̨
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Ž·߸߳𣬿˿ڸ֫βν칤βеԲ˫޳ֱһ򵥵ȹһֶصζ
ŮˣŮ
ҵƳϰˣ
㣬嵽鶼ǰ
Ůøε˶ԣ̫ζˡ

ȻŮȥҪս˭ߺ˭г𣿡ˮüˮ֪ΪʲôǱʶϲվڶ̨档
ֻˮڿŮ˵ʱҲڿԼ۹⸴ޱȣˮĿǸо֡
ˮҪս㣡ŴԵ
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ˮ߳ʱŮȴͻȻˮ̳һֱӵһҪǴˡ
һǴ̵ú
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һҶһεĲɣˮ΢Ц˵ЦŮ˿е䡣
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һˮоǰŮôİҧµһ̷·ҲʧˮһֱڿƲʧȴǸоǿĻָڽĻָۣܿʧˡ


446 Եʹɵɽ
Ů˴ĿˮеĳȴһεεĵѪѪĴۣоĸо
оһĺۣˮһ仰֪ʲôԭҲûΪԼϲˣȻȥԼ壬ֻھǸоǾ仰ȵԼʱһʹ
ǡ˺ѡ壬˺ģ
ԼɱģΪʲôĻţΪʲô㣬Լ̵Ϊʲôȴûôġ
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ˮ̫ˣôԼ֪ĸ𣿡
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Ȼʲô鶼ͨ

۸һŮ˻һ𣿡ɽָˮߵ˵
֪˻ΪɽһôˣϤ˶֪һƤӱ߼ʵҪˡ
ˮɨһੲݵĴ׳ӣͳһƿҩݵںϡ
ô˵˾ͲˣΪ㲻û۸Ůʱžأó

Ǹ˰ˮʵûס˵һ䡣
ǱǸˣ˽ӵ
ĸʶûмôء

ңȻңɽȵľʱ򣬴ʱ·ûڲɥʧһóϵֻɫ˫
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ˮСĵ㣬ɽе汾µġϣˮһ䡣
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ˮˣ֪ʲôʱ̨ܵ²ԶͷŶ̨ˮǻˡ
׺û˵ֻǵĵĿˮ
ˮͻ۸ŮˣŮˣʼ˵ʲôվ㻹Ǹ˾ͺҹƽսһɽٴϴʵĺޱȡ
ĹƽһսĶֱɽ
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ȻôսңҾͳȫ㣡ˮѾۿĽգοԼոˡ
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ҿ汰ɣˮҪʲôҸ̾˷ϡ
డʲôʱ
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ۣпռҮҪһͺˣȥǲôණһغôŮ˳Ե˵
һһռһ˶ǶԷͦ˵
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޴ڵ촸ɢһɱֿ֮ٵصƣͷų˵ϸ
ɽڿˮĴӺ¶һ˿ȣŸеСģˮŴӣתϹǿ
󱳼򴦵һҲڻϣɽ֪ˮĻָٶһȥ
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ôӵߣһĶй

ɽһ͵һȣ
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ˮһʼˣα侮ʯɺޣˮųɽûҪ顣
ɽһ쭷һ㣬˫ܲ͸磬ݵļ˶Ĥ
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ɽ
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ˮҲ̫⣬ǧеһȻӳ
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ˮɽԼʱ޴촸ֱӵסɽĳƣǺͶԷĴװһ
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ˮ˿ɽǱǿĳײ˺ʱˮˡ
۷ǧչ籼һ㣬һƬ޴ĺĻɽС

˼ֻܿһƬܼĴӰܼĴײ
ʵǿ˿ˮÿһӶڱɽ֮ײɽȫԸȴƴȫֵ޷˵ֳֻҪһʧͻᱻˮ촸ϡ


447 ³̷
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ⶫǱôҿǳª񲻸ã
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Ҷֻ֪˭Ҳû˵ѣ˵ƤԸƤԲţʵ仰Ǻеġ
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ˮ̷֪סԼɱӦĹĽ
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ܰɣٿԸ̷
һֻޡ
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ˮóŷɫϣܷ
ˮۣɾд˲ⶫÿһžȻܳӵʱ䣬ˮǻԼĻѾǶģЧͳ־öǣΨһˮɵԼһѧ᲻Ƕġ
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޼ĻˮѾվһɽϣɽ忴Ҫһ㡣
һԿ칬ȫҰλãֻżʯݣֻǿܵ㣬칬ŵһԵô
ʯݺֻܰһ˸һ㣬ЩʯͷȴǾ޴أʯݷ·һʯͷڶɡ
ˮŷ޼żӲʯʯݣ
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һ䣬ˮоǰһһʯаףûκεװΣֻһ޴ʯš
ˮһ̧ͷԶվŵʱסˣ
һˣһ°ѩ׵ͷһȾ൱𺳣˵ֱûеĸߴ䣬һϵߣ忴޳һЩ
ˮ˵ˮ֪ôݣϣˮΨһ뵽ľʣˮһ˫۾ˮҲ֪ʲôǲɣǰЩ˺·Сһ㡣
Ȼɣޱȣгǻۺƽ·ƽĴ󺣣ζоһ
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ƽ͵
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ˮеã֪仰Ҫʲô˼̲ס뵽ǰ޼˵ĸĸС
ڿˮһۣˮıٴʵǲǰҵ˵ˡ
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Сϴ
ʱѾߵʯ棬żʯݣʯ治Զʯʯʻɰɰ豭
ߣǺŲ˵ɡ
ˮҲûпڵ裬һκһźȲ裬ǶһΪ˵衣
ǺͨġɽҶݳζǺܲ㡢Բ󣬿ڸмѡ
һϲˣǰҷӣΪһ߻ħһ㣬ҽǺܿģҳԷ˺ö꣬ͬҲүүһǹһˣĸȥʱѾΪ۷ٶˣѾվߵ߷УʱҲʶһ⡣
ںȿڲ裬Ȼ˵һˣоܼįһ似˶ûУԼһ˶ѾһˣеĸǶһˣһ̿ʼоԼҲ齨ͥˣʵﵽǸ̶ŮǺҵģԺܿ˸ͨŮ˳ɻˣҲԼǸ˸κ似ĴС㡣
⣬½뷨˺ܶ࣬ر˶ԸԼһҲһˡ
Ҳһᣬÿ˶˽Լϰߺص㣬ϧΪϰ߻Ե޷ĵ֪ԣɻֹԼ
ٶ۷忴Ҳǰ֮ˣеϸӤ뷢Ҫ׵ģȢӣ½˲Ǻ٣ɾ͵ļǳɻ


452 ڡĹȥżʮ֮
һӵҲ֣ܿҲ֪ԭӲǰֲҲ֪ǣңһʲôĸоûйãӾͻУǶСźܴΣ˵٣Ҹоر󡣡
˵ڽɰ豭Ĳȸɾˮæɰϣ
ʱȴǳ⣬ͺֻܱסһӰȫˣȴˡǸкȻĸΪģⲢûҺҰеİûұŮˣԼģŽ󣬶ϰҲԽҲ̶࣬ܽûЧҲ²֡
ʱοźɸ֣ĻĻ
޷죬ʴϻۣǲѧãʹϿ̿ǿԣֻ̫ŮɫΪ飬ǿҵϴ»СС»ˡΪס£ܿ飬þֿʼصޡ
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һǲŮˣԷְԼĶӴȻҪ칬ƲѣִΨһĶӣҲǵأһȫ޼ǰʱͰӡ뵽ĹҲңһֱȢ޵ԭ򡣡
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ˮҲǾޱȣھȻǷʦүүҲоҲΨһĽɡ
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ˮûǼһǸɣΪˮ֪˵ǰ˵ˣ˵ԼҲûá
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ˮٵһ裬û˵
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ڵĻˮͬˮǸоֻҪܴʲôʵ˫жԵ״̬ܺʲôʵ⣬Ǿʲôʵ
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ˮһ̶ˣ𾳽Ѿܽˡ
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ˮڵĻסˣʮ֮ǶôֲԼȫʩչҲǿ۷壬ʮ֮Լʮʵ֮ࡣ
ӵʮ֮һɽҲһ֮ΪƽأǶô޴
ڣǸνżǸʲô
ʵһָо˵һ⾳Ҳ;˵ΪҲֻ۷壬ͣİ۷߶ѡ
һλһֿɬ

˵ﵽʮʵԶ𾳽磬İڴﵽʵ
ˮʱǺɲ˵ʲôʵ
İҲŴﵽʵﵽ忤пܸܵżϧͷҵҲûиܵ
ߵĴˣڵĻΪˮһһͨ𾳽ĴҲһĵ·
ˮڲһʵȴҲ֪ƶѣİѾ൱ǿˣҲҲ忤֮пżõĻѾԴﵽ
ⶫ˵ͻż
ˮоԼ˵⻰ü١
ǺǣʲôˣģǿΨһŲµľ޼
Ȼʧ˵
޼ʦϲ˵ϵġ
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СӾֻǷʦҲСӵĻ
ᣬһġ
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ˮڶеűߣ˵Լ·վʲôҲ˵Ļۡ
ڣ۷ʵǲرڶоʵǸСӰ˰궼ûϣ
ˮæתƻ⣬ʳԼһһֱʵ⡣


453 ڵ˵

ȴͻȻЦˣѩ׵ͷ΢΢ɣûйһʵȴ˸оһ޷Խĸɽ
ڸոմﵽ۷ߣԺ֪ȻԽʵԽٵĻȴԽԽ࣬һ㼸ʵ¼ױҩʵֻҪзӳǿʵСȻˣ㶫ɡ
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ܿ죬һռ˳пռˮоˡ
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ڰѡ쵤ǱҳʯϣȻӿռóһʽУСȴǾ쳣תʹâرƯ
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ֻڴľ׼ޱȣλҲ൱ľȷ·ǼõģٵСĶЧĶ
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ţҵˣ
ˮһƤֽɫģּȴǺɫġ
𵤹ЧÿŽ𵤿ӷʳ߹İٷ֮һĽȣ


454 ʳ𵤣Բͨ
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ˮ˫۲ϵĻӳʱƴȣÿһȭǿƻʱһ㣬˷ʤ

˾ϹǿָҲϹǿǿֻ֮Ҫĵ٣ϹǿƾԶתֱӿֹ֪ƣֱĹ󣬾Ҫ͸֧
мѾɾһˣڶѾǵڶ賿ˣҲɾʮˣ
˵㶫ʵѾɾʱӦӦôѣѾʵս΢ãˮڽʱֶİնȡ
ˮƮġ֫ѨͨˮûСɾ磬ˮеɥһֱڻĽš
뵽ƮͨôѨӿȪѨƺҪͨˮ֪ʲôΣ²ӦҲԲˡ
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ǺǣҩҺҲûУϾҪҩݣݵҩɺ඼ݵĵҩھͿԣоݣΪЩݵǿʵֻǱɽһǣҲҪСκһһǡ˵˵
үү
Ҹ˵ô࣬ҪûйȥĿ˲ҪѰѰģҪ˷ѣΪֻлŲϣ
ţллүү̷ᶨĹâ
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ллүүİɣˮǲġ
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458 ĪƮ֪֮
ˮ˿ȴζĿŶⱾƶҩľˮܿԽȥΪ;ܷ㡣
ٶ۷ۡЧʱڿԼĿٶȣЧͳٶ۷۵Ʒйϵ
ۡЧһʿĿĳһιӣӵЧҩ۵Ʒйϵ
ۡЧԻĿӾ͸оĿ񾭷ӦЧҩ۵Ʒйϵ
ʴۡЧʴĿ꣬ԽͶԷ¼׵Ŀԣû¼׽ḯʴԷļͶԷʵЧ͸ʴ۵Ʒйϵ

ˮŻ࣬ҲǺ鷳ֻǰڵЧܲƷʮµļûʲôãҪƷʸߵĲҡ
ˮҲֻǿѣϾЩﲢʲôطҵģرЩ棬ЩҲо綾ϣˮҲʶѧϰһЩжĲϡ
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һҶĶ飬ʲôȻѵ֪ôǰŮˣˮ֪ʲôʽ
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˵ɣֻҪʲôԴӦ㣬㲻ôӦκ
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ǿǿʵ޿ƥеգˮԼܸĺ٣Ŀǰò֡
ʱ䣬ˮʲôҲûҪ
ɾ

һϹǿˮоԼôҲɴɾ
ɾеһлǺˮһˮĵʯβݻˣ׳ţˮоرĿġ
󻹵ܿˣ
ֻˮ֪ÿƼŴ󻹵һʯβƳһŴ󻹵ţҪһǷ񻹻µʯβݡ
ֻһţˮΪչţи۷ˮ뿪Ҳģοչ嫽̸ԼġԼҲ
ˮɴ໭ֻΪԼƽľȻֽѾָо·ֻ
ܷˮ¿ٵĳΣɹһĹâ֣ˮоһ˵ĳ졣
Ҳ֪ʱ䣬һֱϴδķƤ֣ͣ
ܷûͻƣˮоȵͻһõĻҪ࣬һֶԻĸ֪ǿˡ
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459 һ񼶵쵤ϵ
ֶץסţֱһ־磬һЩʵھݴ½һַĵԽһ΢
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ǿѶǳȵģԽǿĹԽѣȻĹ۲յȴǲࡣ
Զ˵ʺԼĹõģǿĹʱܿûмˣԶǲ״ġ
ˮʼƵҩľҩˮû뵽ȻҩģϾϴѹεҩݻڡ
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460 һĽԪ
οʱˮõĶľ񵤣ϧնҲֻǵо۷塣
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Ԫҩһǰ׼ãҩĵӺһ㣬Ϊˮҩ˲СĽ˵ԼµĵҩƷ֣ȴǿ֪ĵҩ䷽мһЩԡĸõҩЧӶӴһ㡣
ԪˮͼһЩڵǧڵ⻹˻ƽҩѪԼԽǧϰеۡ
һˮʵʵͷԼĻҲ˱仯ǳ೤ɫ󣬻ɫڰӵĻɫϾĻɫ
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ˮ֮ƴΪܻţԼں˸һĻţÿκɫĻţҲûаȫеĻš
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ˮԼռǿֻҪֿɼŮˣֻҪ˫һ㺵ģˮһ֡
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ˮо޺ʵڸ̫࣬ǿ󣬼ڵЧǿͬ޿Ժսƽ
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뵽ϴλ񣬷ʳԪ龰ˮһ㣬һҪ޾츳ս
뵽ֻʯˮ׼һЩԪֵõسҵСӦŷͬһ
ҩ
ȻˮܸߵϣѪоǺܸߵĻرԻǺܿĵġ
޵ĳɳˮоǱϵڱһĲޣʵٴδˮо治⡰աֺǸ֡
ǿĳɳͿŵķ


461 Ԫƣ
Ԫɵ
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¾Ŀ
һԶһЩĹ
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ˮǰƵİٿŵԪվֱҸĲ֪롣ԼԵõһɵʵһ룬ԼֿԾһЩ
ˮޣھιԵǰɽ֮ǰ½޵ʵҲԼʵ޵еģҲ͵Լ޵еġ
һ½ޣ
ţӰСĽ޻ܹΧˮתȦЩԵúССֲܶȵ˵һСɽһ㡣
շʱҲһ׳շʱСһ㣬ֻû뵽ڽʼʱȴһࡣ
ܴСˮоʵͺãڶѾЩս۷徳޲ߡ
ĿȻеǷȱʳԪʵܱ̬Ϊǳǿķ
óһ׼õԪͶ޵
һ۾ڻζһˮĵȴŹ˰ʱ䣬Ͽʼֵ⡣
ܿתϴνͻһˮŽɢϢԽԽǿ
ΧƺһЩ΢޺ǽѹ֣ѪȣˮĿŵĽޣ
˸ĽͻȻøҫۣŽָԭ״ˮоһ̵з·һ㶫
ˮ֪ǽʵԼһʵˮûпˮҲܹƳӶ٣ȻڸоӲʲôʤޣ˵ǲСġ
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ˮȻʵһɣȴǲûио츳ѣûоʲô츳ս
ˮٴóһ
һˮٴóһԪ޻ĺеϸȴޱȡ
ԪĽٴܰڵϣܿϾͳֽתٴλҫ۵Ľ⣡
˻
һһһ쳹
ϵĽʢ
һˮٴθܵﴦ˵ʲôǰоӵûʲô

ܿĿѾιȥʵĳɣϧν츳Ѻ츳սѶûг֡
ˮûɥΪһιʳʱ򣬾ƴŲϧĴԪˮ֪Լݳ޵жˣҲ֪ж˻ѡ
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467 á쵤ɡ׼
ԪȥˣʯʵҲɵʵȴûгֽѪѡ
ˣˮ֪ⶫźͲʵ˷ֺҩˣСӹҲˡ
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ˮ۾ʯڳԵʮŵʱˣֻ˵Ѫѣֻûнվô𺳣ɢǿƻˮ˸о˼顣
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ˮ֪һ뿪ҪһҪһܲɵķҸˣˮ÷ҿܴһ濼÷ҿõġ
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֪ˮԼѾһ൱ߵλãݽҲԼһλá

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Ѿ賿ˣ͸ȥˣ쵤ˮоոһ㣬ˮƵǷΪʲôûж
һˮоеϣˮΪһܿˮ뵽ĸǣҸûаԼУ뿴ԼΰѷҲ̤
ڵˮñ֪ҵȣ
һѾҪˮѾοҵܲãµҵĸÿһŮᵽҶҧгݣȨƵŮ඼ܵ˵裬ŭԣֻĬĬܡ
˭÷µʵǿģǸɶ鷢µŲʮˣοûмܿסʵ㹻öԷ¡

ң
үӰҪΪҾһӰˣǸˮš
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ܰ԰үүұ˭ѹҶ׼һеİСץġ
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֮ǳĬˣûʲôоôʮӣʮӣһһͿҲˡ
˺֣ûӣҲȥˣ鿴رأʹҲŲ
֮ߣڴ峤󣬴Сֵ֮以ϧɱֵܣС鵥ĻʲôûȨƺҪ
Ҵ඼ң֮ǺͶڴ巢ʲôرǼ޸ɷŮˣкӻõ㣬ûк³һܲҡ
ݺӣҪݶƻָʵһߵļҲᷢ飬ڲ˿һߵļһǿļˡ
磬Ҳˣô
˿޵ĺġ
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468 ҵķӦǰϦ
˿֮ɫãᵽҲڶԣ
ˣ̣СӾҪǧеģô껹û˸Ʒңڵġ
֮ǿŵӵ˰ο
ǸˮڳҪ̤ƽңˣ᲻أ
ʵԵˮܵ
ҿ϶ûǸܣǷˣܣ
֮ŵ˵

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һƳˮÿζѡʱ䳿ʹҲѡһʱúá
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ڣǽҵȴȵĺһΪСܵܡ
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µȽǵǲһûп֮ˣҸȽҪǿӦòΪˮͷƴġ
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ϧҾԲˮţҲɺҵˮĳҵˣһһء
̾Ϣ
ţ֣˵һ᲻ˮһԿҡ
ŵЦ
ᣬΪµڲ飬Ҳֺܿܵ½ǵµĳͻϻǲ鷢ġ
ӺǺЦģ˸о
ţֺһ鿴ֻˮһˣϧôõһ˲š
ŵҡͷ˵
ˮһ£
ǸΪţֵĺŤͷЦ
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ˮϽ῵Ļ
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ʱȴǿˮΪҸүүǻһܣһͻɽǵµĳͻ칬ǲڲִģĳͻ
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ˮҲ֪ôǵģеʱƴȫҪҲı䲻˽
ˮε˵
ˮû뵽˵ⷬΪ˵ĻˮǸ⣬ˮƴȫ޷ı䣬Ҳ޷ı䡣
ĿŮӣݣ׼Ů˭˵㶼ŮЩŮ޵ŮĵŮΪЩЩ˲ܣҲһЩ˷
ôˣŪҺҪһѵҲܰѷҰƽ
ˮº͵Ц
ΣôˮܸоῺͽĳ⣬ʵ´˻ѡĬ
ΪˮǰҼûĿܣ֮ˮǾԲԻţΪҵϡ
Сܵܣģ㵽ʱȥԱ߿źòã
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΢΢ͷĽ˵ͷʱ˫ƯĴ۾һ˿ʧ䡣

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ҵĿʵҲҥԲҥѾûʲôϵҲں˵мڱ˶Էҵֻۣʵ
ΪʲôҪˮȥٶԭģΪǹһ㣬ˮǸţǸˣȻ˵ĻӦԷ֪Ǹ˭칬ֻһ˶ѡ
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ɹ˿أ

ʱˮȴǺУ磬رŮһֱˮߣʱǿˮ
ˣˣԺܿġ
ˮԵ˵ﻹůģ

Ȧ
ˮɾΪվȦõǴҲرеõһˮ֪ʲôܸо治
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ͺƣˮоǺˮҲȥʲôϣˮĺûͨоǿжϡ
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һʹֵʱˮĵ۾ˮȦʱ٣ȷе˵ǵΡ
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469 ۷޼ף𾫱ʻ
ٶɣǧǧ
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վĺһȥ
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һȦСһȦȻӵǧڽվ˵ԺԲƣɵٶȴǺǿġ
ˮΪվһ޼ףʵǰţϵһǿ¼׻ߡӲʵ
ˮŽվ޴ӣ޼ײҪ¼ײһ޼ֻҪסڵͿͨ޼׺޷Ϣ޵ķõ
ˮ뵽ˡ۷硱߳͡ơˮо޼ɡ۷硱ӣȻڶ߳ơˮֻ뵽߳ΪվһǿȴǲϬļǣʹҲẠ̊́ܶϲΪ
ˮ뵽ʶϹŶ֮еġ߳ơ߳ƾһϬľ޴ǣбָ񷣡
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ƤǷǳģ޼ʼ޵࣬ǵƤǺĲ˼飬ˮеƤһߵĺȣ;൱ǿҲ޷ǿԭ
һߺƤǰЩɳ涼й֮ˮҺòϺ󣬿ʼǽ
Ҳˮڽʶ֮ע⵽һ©ĻڣȴҪġԭʯԭϡ
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ˮľȻǡȻãˮоֻͨĽҪڲ֪Լ˸ôͼĴ
ˮŴʱͷСԭʯɢˮ൱⣬ˮʼģͣΣȻʼ
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һУˮʼɫƤͶõġ۷硱ĹǼһˮѥһ
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ж׼ãȻѪʯ̨ɫİУʼʯĥ
һӣ
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ˮѽ𾫱պȥѪʼȾ죬ˮʯ̨еѪڼ١
󰼲Ѫ𾫱ʡʳĸɸɾʯ̨и˿Ѫۼ
ٴγĬһ
ˮŰѽ𾫱ʷڷƤȷλãϰǧȻɡߣԾ
ɢâʱˮȵĿԸǰȻ֪߶٣Կ϶Ҫ߲١
Ϊ֤Լ룬ˮֱӰԼϣһϤůʱˮˡ



470 սǰ׼
𾫱ʾȻһȼһоǻָоˮо𾫱ʾԻ߻ĳɹʡ
СһȼѾǳ̬ˣҪ֪ڣÿ֮Ĳܴ󣬶ʵǿһ֮ĲԷֳʤ
𾫱˵ǻΪһֱ֪µ֧𾫱ʲôãҵˣȻ֮ǰ𾫱ΪϾû֤ʵ
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ȻɵЧ

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ˮľ˴ӡһĸоֻͻƻҪһʱ䣬ˮǿǧӡϰˮεͻƶǺǧ𶴵ǧӡйϵ
гȴѾˣˮĵǻܸоڽֻǺ΢С
ߵŵһ׽ս״ҲǴʱˣҲսմȾˮ̫Ѫˮоս֮䶼·ϵ˵񾭳õĳֱһ
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ˮսסսѥͷһʱֹȥһʱ䣬ˮںܿģȥҵ׼Ѿɡ
ŻȻһոµĽսףˮ̲סĿʱ¼ԣǷб仯
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һߴĴµͷʨӵëһر͡

ˮҶڣѾ׼ȴûһ˶ڡ



471 ִң
һעһƽӣ
칬˵ĿⶼˮͷϣעĵطΪｫᷢڴ顣
Էʱˮ˶ĲɵӣʹҲˣʱĻüͷ·ԥʲô
ʦˣ˵ˮɣֻоһЩܳɳ
޼̾˵
ڶ˵ˣҲ˵ʲôֻеϰµģĶڷҺ˽⣬֪ɳĮΪˡ
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ˮ֮˵֪˵Ҳûã˵һá
һˮԸŮǵͷǺܴ޷ǾǺˮһȥˮУǳʲôãҪҡ
˵ͨˣҲҪǰȥ֪ĻҪ֣ҴԹ޻ڡ
ǻڳԵ𣿡
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Ůҡҡͷ
үӣʦ壿
ˮĺͷ޼ˮִԼǰȥģˮ֪ܣˮλ룬ҪԼҲһɡ
Ǵһȥһ壬ͷٻмѣȻ࣬ѣҲõˡ
ĺǺǵЦ
ˮȺģ˵ʲôʱ洫һ
ͷǵˣ
ĹЦŵͷ˳ȥˮҲǸųȥ
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ŶͷЦ
˵ʲôܲ
ͷһߴˣЦţ˵
ֱʱˮſˣͷһλߴ׳˶Ȼͷ׷ȻǺӡüëͷˣˡ
ˮȰ
үӺã
ˮ΢ЦȰ˸
ˮã֮ã
ȰˬЦˮļ

Цˮܺߵһݵˣͷ׷պõ򴦣һ˫۾˿һ۾͸о˺ܲ
үӺã

ˮҲ֪˶칬̫ϳϣҺͲٵҲϰĽˡ
ˮ²ҲĻбѣڸԭңˮû˿ֽң˱Ҳû˵ɼҲգҲ˵һΡ
ˮ뵽˵Ļ黹ҪԼģ
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ⲻѣ
кܶ𰸣ˮΪˣѵĸʵˣˮڶûʲôԵѡ
壬ǳţһŵǧѩ߲̿嵶й£ǾƷ֪ǿߣǻѼ顣
ѣôһˣʱˣʹʱһȥҵˣǸæлˣǾ֮󣬲εˣǶ㲻ˣ㲻ˣ͹ʱҲˣ㲽ƺӲıˡ
ѣʧʱ㣻ˤʱ˫㣻ʱο㣻ڷʱ㣻ܰĵĹĹ¶ֺܸͻЦ
ˮ˾ָоλ˾ǲĵѣӪ˰࣬ѡ
ѣˣ
СѪԣãΪϹͷҪڽɢģҲˣһ֡
һEЦȰƣֻɫſĸо˸оǸѪˡ
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仰ˮ˵Ҫ·ǣߵһҪŵߵһŵǧ
Ϊ壬ҲǱȽʵһ壬ڱһƣǴӲ˭˭ֻ֪˭ȭͷ
µߵһɽϣ칬ɽܴ󣬺ܹ칬һ֮˵ûһǴһǵĴСҲûУܷ
칬ĸɽҲɫܶ࣬һǲ칬ŵģе⸽ԭס񣬸Ķݳǵģе칬칬ӵļˡ඼Ҵ߾̸֣칬ŵΧɽƽзԲѺŵ칬ɽͨˣһɽ֮ǣҲС˶ˣܶ˶Ƕ궼һɽġ
ˮһڷҵĸۡ߳µڵɽ壬ſƽɽһ·ˣԶԶ棬Щ˿ԵĿ칬ˣ켣˵С
ˮһ̺ƽΧһУ˺;ɫָо·ܺΧΧһ
ˮȻˮҲ֪Լʲôˮ֪һΪˮоеĺȻʵһЩ
׵˭ĺζȻû
һŮָˮߵļŮ˵
֪㿴ļŮӣǾŮҮǴ׵ϵһ㰡
и۾Ůע⵽˺ŵĲ׺ºͻ
ǱˣûΧ˵иˮҪѷ̤ƽ
Ůһ欣˵ŴԵŮ˵ŮԿǼҪܶࡣ
κ㣬˵Ǹˮ
ǰĵһŮӾ

ȻߵĲ죬ȴǾԽԽˣѾ֪һ׵ˮǸҵˡ
õĺӣôôЩأ̫ϧˣ
һ̫̫ϧ̾
ǰҪ㵱Ů
һһ̬ӵĸǰ̫̫Ц
ˣҼǸѾͷһܿأǿϷɣ
ǰ̫̫Ǻ˵
Ҳǣˣ˵Сʲôʵ
̬ӵĸٴο˵
СӹֵĺܣڸоҲһ֮ԣԲһ֮
̫̫ͷǸ˵
ϻɵӣԺԣʵǿ󣬾˰ҸоߵĿԺС
Ҳôоѵǿѱʦ
˵ѱʦһԱٻһֻ޵ģûио
̬ӵĸɻ˵
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ܿǸߴۡˮǰǰһƬĿյأһ㳡һ㣬ռˮĿǰΪֹһ
ڵнʮ׸ߣʱȴǳţȫĳţſʮ꣬ŷҶеĿװÿ˶һѽ
ˮתŮвġ޼Լλˣ
Լȥʱ߰ɣ
ˮ˵
УҪȥ
ˮ˵ֱ˵
ˮΧѾﵽһֲ֣Ҳ֪ʲôʱΧѾΧˮйͨ˶ǳ޷ڰУۺзݵߡ

ˮεĿŻ
£
ˮʡ
ҴӦҲµģҽҪݴ½ģôôء
ˮƺҪֻԥڰա
ȴסˮյԼϣ
ˮǴƵļϵĻ壬ſ˵үӵң㲻˵ҪӵҿǻأҲġ
ʲôʱˣ˵󻵵ûӣɫûɫļһ
Сĵ͹˼䡣
ҾͰҵŮˡ
ˮҧгݵ˵
Ҳ㣬ҲŲ㡭
ˮ

ң
ڣ浽ˣǸˮѾڼſڡ
һżΧʯȲ˵


472 ɱ¾ҽз
֪ˣȥɣ
еһ˵ͷȲͷβû̧
ǷҵĺԺһͤΧһﻨľɫȻһģȴľޱȡ
ڣСӼȻˣô죿
һͷеʵ
󰡣ҲһˣΪʲôôס
м̧ͷǷҵڷɳĮɿݵӣǸĺˣ˫ɣȴ˿Կβɱ
ǣļˣȥɱǸСӡ
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ţֵʱ򡣡
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ˮתŷȥٶ׵ľ룬ˮߵĺߵĺȣ̤ʵŽսףսѥͷԼеıǽ
ºˣǷ縮˵Ȳڣ
һжʮվסˮȥ·
ˮǰ꣬Ծɫһź˷ܣԼ˵촽
ˮ֪ԷϳԼ֪Լ˭żʺһֲΪ֪Ļ棬еĽҲյĽġ
ÿ
ˮ΢΢ͷȵ
ȻϬһ˿
Ǻ
е鴤һɫĽˮʺ
ۣ
ˮıǽĵڶԷĿڣֱ˵ɳȥУѵ඼˳
Ȼǿ콣ΪʲôҪʣ֪ν˷ʱ𡣡
ˮŻмɻ˵
ˮʣµˣԷȴһɢŷȥ
ˮңȻֻм⼸ˮʽ̤ңֻ̤ƽ̤ƽû֪ˡ
ǷǰԺһ԰һˮأһ·ƽͨأ֮ѵȡ
һÿøߴľʾݾԶſڵһɽԼԿԶ̨ͤ¥
ɫ¥رݶϵĸɫߣ⣬ɢ˵Ĺ
СӣʵǲǺĿһǿ󣡡
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˼ԣˮҪ̤ңֻнǰ˳ſԼǰ
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ȻˣˮӶԷ񿴳Բڰʮꡣ
ÿһѳ
ǲǷҵˣҿԷһ·ʹ뿪һҳ־Ͳ顣
ˮ˵һڶ漸С
Ϊ׵ߺߵ˶ʱɫһ䣬ܿƽ
Сһ㣬СӾǿ
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Ϊʲô֮һ󣡡
ߵüԴʵ
ˣֻɱСӣȻүҪˡ
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ˮͷһӰȻ˳
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ɽ
ԣ
ߵֱӱˮ𿪣ʱѳ綾һĹˮĺβǣϢ
֪
ˮеıǽһ㽣ֺֿݵĵǰĽϣбȴ糤۾һǸ˵󴦡
βţ
ǣ

𣬰һҽУҽлû꣬ˮӰͻȻһӰǰ˵ӡ
Ҫ
ۣ
һֱӱˮһԴ
һֻڵ֮䣬ֱһ߲˫۳Ѫˮ
Ҫɱ㣡
Юž޴Ǵһɳȵˮͷѹ£
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ǽһʽбãֻó˳Էʵľ
ۣ
ǵһսֻǿ۷徳磬ˮ⣬֪ԼʵҲǿ۷ѡ
ſţϵУοǰĶԻǷ֮ǷɳĮ֮ڷӦǼӦҲڲìء
Щˮֻһˮе㲻
ɳĮҵڣ칬һεҲǴٽ֮ˡ
Ҫɱҡ
㲻ϣ
ˮý͵һ壬µʯѣýһʯͷȻǸֵˡ
ˮűǽűֱĴŷڲȥ߲ʱĳ¥ȴû˿
˲һʮʱٴγˣһγֵȴˮüͷ
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رмǸŮˣͣһսȹûнǷڸǣ˲ٽüʡ
ŰļĿһ̶׵̶ˮСɵıֱͦ΢΢һ˿һĳ嶯
ǰķͦ˺񿴿ʲôӣһŮˣˮپɫˣǰˮòϺ
ߵŮӾҪѷɫˣҲǸŮǸ쵰üۣСұߵλۣ߸ƽ˼ԸС
ǲǷҵڻл뿪
ˮм䴩սȹǸŮӿ˵
ҽз꣬ڷҼСŮ
Ůӵöһ㣬ǰˮоŮӺкܶ࣬Ʈһ㣬׺֪ԵԴԵһҶĳȻˮֶһ֡
ˮųִݻģҲŮ˵ƣ˵ıһͨ
ˮԼɫȴÿŮȾָǰˮûҪΪУûռУˮоԼɱܲ
Ҳ˹һַֻǶͣҲʲôûйϵһֶ͡
ˮΪʲôҪҷҹȥ
Ůüˮ
ˮŮüĶоȻе㲻һĸоʲôоˮ˵Ůӵ飬ˮпһ㣬ʲôĻ³ƺҪ
Ű裬ѵɱ𣿡
ˮŮʵ
ҷŰΪҷʵ½ÿ춼֪٣ѵȥɱǡ
ŮӵĻˮһˮ΢΢ҡҡͷҲܣҵȴҵѡ
򲻹ߴ򲻹Ҹô
Ůӻ˵

㻹ʵ𣿷ôˣѵûһˣΪһҪ̤ңҲ˵ܲʵڵΪͷûʲôΪʲôҪԼһΪƵأ
Ůӵ˵Ŀˮ

칬ʯɽϣߴվһˣˣ۾ȴǿŷҵķ
ˮϣһ˳Ҳð칬ϣ


473 Ʈˮ
ΪʲôҪԼһΪƵأ
һˮȴǴˣˮ˵նҪģû˵ڣΪ˵Ҳһ۳ʲôĿֻײĶ˲ŻնݳΪҪɱһЩ޹ˡ
Լ˵仰úǰзŮ˵һҲڳԼǷˡ
ˮʵɱ֮ˣȻҲźΪնݳ۹ȥҲ˫仯
ˮŮǰ˵ſڽ࣬ˮ֪ԭԼǱʶԼųնݳɡ
֣˭ǳģȥ
ʱ߳ĸˣˣʣҲˣֻܸоǰҪһЩ
ˮڶ֪ʲôˣΪŮǹԼģǵڶؿأڿˡ
зŮҲûпֻǺĿˮһۣѸٵĴŮ뿪ˡ
ˮȴǷԼƽΪǰŮƯ˵ĻѾԼʱ
Լٴζҡնݳͷˮ֪ԼǺ»ǻ£Ȼնݳʡܶ鷳ʧ̫ͣ˶Ҫʳġ
ˣҲò˵㣬ҲǿֻΪʲôûء
ĸǸϵ߿ˮ˵Ŀһ棬ֻǴʱǲмϧ
Ҳ˵˰ɣˣǵҲᱻһЩͣȽϡ
뿪ҾͷŹǣ
ˮ˵ֻˮ֪̾ǸĻѾӰԼ
Цǲ֪ߵغ񣡡
߱ˮĻЦֻǱЦ
ʣҲϹŵ΢ЦǷ·оǰرЦڿСݣˮӡ
ˮ΢΢üԼѾǻˣοʹնݳҲҪɱһЩ˵ģԼҪǡǡݡǡסѾҪݴ½ʵ˵ġ
СӣܸҿͷҿԸȫʬ
һֱû˵һϵ˵
ЩҲ԰úչˣرǸĪϡ
һ΢˵ֻǽչҧĺء
ĪҲˣˮʱĪûг֣û뵽ҲˣԼˣˮǵúˮһֱֱ˾ԼһߣԸһɣˮ֮ӿȪ౨
·Լѡģ
ˮ˵Ӱһ˲浱ͷߣ
֮ˣ
׷
ԣ
ˮܿһߵĳԱһٶֱӺߵĳϣ
ǣ
ۣ
ǰ˵񶾵߱ˮֱӺȥȻȴֱӷϵˣ
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𺳣
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ѾˮˣʵֱɱܣߵΪҪ
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ˮǽЯǳ֮һĴٴοԼߡ
ֱʱʣµ߲Ŵγһˮȥϧڵٶȡӳˮһ㡣
һѹˣ
ߵһ̶ȺֲģҲΪʲô߿һһݺݴ½

ȻʱˮֱóöԷɥʧս
ܿ
ˮԷߵĳʱֱѸٵóľɱһУֱӳߵĻ
أ
ֱӱԷɣһĹͷܲסˮʱһѵ

ɱ¾һĻĻʼ
ˮŷڲȥˮѾɱʮߣֱǰһˮʵߣ
칬̫ϳϡ
ɱ̫ϳϼʱˮ鲻֪ôζǰЩ˶ˮ˵Ӷ˵Ӵ
ȴǱˮаײһĿˮ֪Ļ࣡
֮ķҳһķ棬̨ͤ¥Ѿ̤ʮһ

ô󰡣
ǰ㿴ЩŷݵˣһͳĴģôûһͬ˵˵ء
ŽԹ
ۣۣһ¥ˣ뿴򶷵ĳ氡
㣬ˮɱ
վڻ۾Ĳ׺˵
ţԽԽ˵ģǸɳĮûг֪ˮʱûͷɳĮ򡣡
׺µǵ˵
ĺȰվһֻ޴ķϣͨɫʨͷӥʨӥޣչ˫Ҳڳﵽʮףվûκġ
Īϻ칬ϵϸĿŷԺĶ
ͷ㻹ǼˣŮǿı̬
ȰŲĿĵ˵
ˣ֪Ƕ˵Ůأ
εĸ̾һ
ţҲǣôˣûŮȻӲҲҪ
ȰǺ˵š
ˣһǺܵģ
˵һ䡣
֣ˮ಻زˣͥӦǴ󸻴ģ
ڨڨЦ
Ҷ֪һְο˵Ļ¼ʹ֪ǰο˵仰

칬ʯɽһ
Ʈɰʤѩɴյװ£
𽻺£칬ڻת
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ںǺ˵һûһϣһͨ˺ԼŮ˵һ
ִȤңⲻ˵Ҳ˵ֻǲʺƮҶǼµģҲ칬ְɡ
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ǺǣαǰȥСӣǲǡ
ڴĿƮпʲô
˵ʲôأҾǸоô˲ţ̫
һƮܿڵΪо仰ûж˵
ڻٶ꣬ʲôûоȻƮǿ󣬵ϺڻһһصĲࡣ
ʲôҲû˵죬ˮ£
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ѾͷôˣһжģӦǰģҲڱˡ
ںǺЦŰοһ䡣
ûбңҲ뿴еϣʧ
һζӱҲǰ취Ҫġ
ԣڵһˣϣܺһȥ
ƮںǺЦ
һȻЦЦС˲֪ٺ㣡
ھͻ˵뵽ˡ

ң
ͷ˿ǲȻѾɱʮߣԽԽ˼ˡ
һڷɳĮĶʱȴЦ
߿򣬶˵Ҳֻһ֮߿ӿԵһ˿ӷףͷϴһɢһ˿ɱ⡣
ɳĮûлߣеһ˵󰡣㲻һֱȥȥ˰ɣ
ͷβɳĮûʲôı仯
ߴʱûǰǰ˷ˣͷϣһɼĹâվŷɳĮǸ˵뿪
һսףһѱһĳ΢һĴ󽣣߳Ժ

ˮסԼȥ·ˣͷһ΢ĳ˫Ŀ絶һĶԼ
һ̫ϳϣ
㻹Ҫ𣿡
ˮʱѾ˰߰ѪǱ˵ģ
ɱĶһЩˣһЩͷˮоԼҪľˣ
ҽһɱ㣡
ˮҧ˵
˵ᣬˮоܶԣǰʱˮ͸оֻһǲϻᣬʮ˻ܲ᣿
ھݴ½ͨҲŽһͻͻųԪǿӻ˥ϣһЩפҩ͹ഺפϲһ̶ȿ顣
ǰߣˮоͲϣȻͷгѪ˫еĿ׷
ǽڰ˴˵⻰ˣǰߴε˶Ѿˡ
ˮ΢ЦŻ˵
ϻ˵ɣ
Ǹɴֱ࣬Ӳ⣬һеĳһŨɫӽ߶೤ҲǸֳһ㵭İɫһ㡣
ʵ


474 նʮ
ˮҲҴ⣬ĽϹ
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çţ
ն
֮
ǽ
һɵçţϹ¼ףçţﵽµİ˳ɣ
ʹûˮڵʵҲﵽ˲Ŀʵ
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һеĳһĽնˮ
һ¿ж𵴵ž죬ߵĲݵһֱӱ

ˮͬХһеıǽͬһԸٶȻӳӭǵϬĽ
ԣ
һ޴ʯ类һߵĺʮף
ˮڵķǿֲģϽս׵һֻޣһӴˮ˷ĳеߣ
ֱӵĽҲЧĽ

ɣϰ֪ٱĻʱϢˮһ㣡
˫۱·˹һôҲ뵽˿԰׵Ļ־硣
򵥵޻ڵĻ˿ˮʩչԵùӴֱӡ󿪴ȴɶ칤ÿһʽ֮жˮǿƣ
ֻдʱķ֪ˮĽƵһ޼᲻ݵƣûͷۡ
׷
ˮٴκͶԷһһ;ߵˣ
ٶȻɵĸصߣˮϷˣһ㣬ܿǾһѪ
ˮΪú̵ܶʱ佫߸ɵһսˮԸܵ١
ۣ
ͨһȥߺὣֵסֻǱ忪ˣ͹һһԼĿڡ
Ȼս׻ĿڣȻϬֱӴ͸
߲˼Ŀűûб仯ȴѾȫѣ
ˮǿ𾢣
ͨ
ˮߣǰߣ
ԺҪˣ
ˮܵ޵ǿϢˮ֪ҵҵĺǿ
ǺηϷ̫͹ˣ
ĸ߻߳ÿһǰ׷ѩʡ
ɣӺ͸ɿݵƤȴɢһ˲Ϣ˵ǼеһΪųûе֪ʶ
ھݴ½ǿ߻϶ˣǰ֣
鵽ڣǺαأ˳ҷߣ
ˮǰļ߻˵
ǰͬǣǰˮ˵ԷĳЦûٸоˮǿˡ
Сӣǻͣ䷸һЩͼĴǻο컹һӮ㻹ôȹһذɣ
һ΢Ц˵̸Цļʶˮò
ˮ뵽˷ĻҲûкˣֻĳЩ֪ǴĻҪ֣ǴҲӲ׵ļǵˮĿԡ
һһжҪ̤ȥ˳һԵô΢
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ˮóһƤĺ룬ʹתһ㣬ǿҡ
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оֱӶ죬𼶱ĹͷǺö칭ˮΪԼһЩڣһ̽ˮһ켸ѹ
мˮȫóһִӿռеĶʱˮˣ


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˵һʱϲʱ䣡
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486 ΣŮ˺
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ˮԾһֻ޴ϻվҪʮףףֻɫĴ۾һ㣬صģͬɫͷǣ׳Ķǿޱȡ·һ磬ٶȾȻܸڵĻٶȣԵúɡ
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ˮ飡
رˮֻ޴ϻָоǿң


487 Ʈʦ֣ȥ
Դӻܷͽˮûٻ̰ãˮǰѼķ˲֪ٱ飬ԺͻȻ鷢ʱԽɾó
ʯ̨עǰôõĻʨ޻ʵѪҺóõĻʨ޻ʵƤһһںá
ԼϰЩоеݳޣԼо̫˷ˣûô࣬úõĶϰԸһЩҲһԺƤѪʱһЩӰ졣
ˮҡҡͷԺԼǺЩƤѪˣʵԽԽߣɱһЩͼ۷ڻǿġ
ˮҪǼƼ׷
ٶȵκĶʹãЧ÷Ϊ׼ġҲˮٶΪ׼
Ƽ׷Ǽٻ׺ͷ츮κĶʹãЧ÷Ϊ׼ġҲˮķΪ׼ģ
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оѱʦѱͬбǿֻܶ࣬ϻһرӣֻֻĻûԼĻͷһҲŲ


490 󻹵ɣǿʵɱǱţ
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493 ռսƷƣɵľ
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Ϊˮ֪һ߾粢ǰ˵ô򵥣ߵĸǿϵӳ໥֮͵ߵƻ
ܰѡһ˺ӵ֮;Ѿ൱ߵľˣʥݵһЩѱʦܶ˶Ǿͨоհ޵һЩʿóģ̤òޣ޵˵ǻۺϣǴģĶ飬ҲǾ޴ġ
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Ѿͷ뿪㣬ҪǰҪֻǰģץסںͽǿԺõģ㶮𣿡
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үӣͻȻоù¶ù¶
ƮįΣȻһݣ֪Զһң۰ԼˣͻȻͨˣȴԼԭֻǹһˡ
Ѿͷ˵ҹµ𣿡
ʱȴ΢ЦſƮЦ
仰ֱһ㶣ǰٶܲ¶мǱ˱ƵԼӸȴǲүү
ҪסڣסڵһУҪˣһӵ졣
ĳ˵̾һ
үӣѳʵѾԭˣֻ˾Ƕǵѡ
֪˵Ҿ͵֪ȴѾ⿪ˡ
Ц˵
Ϊʲôڲ칬ѳء
Ʈ·뵽ʲôʵ
˼е̫ƫоǱ㣡
˵ѳϲеʱûһ㲻ģ·⿴
ƮҲ֪ˣʲôҲûƽҪƿ칬λӲôģڲŻѰҸӺʵˣֻҪ칬ȫˣ칬˲ܰȫ

㣬ˮһˣҲõ˰ɣ
Ͳ׺칬ʯʵ
Ӧõˣɽ̫Σˡ
׺̾˵ǵһ˿ⲻĵǣΪһ˵ǵñ˿һἵ
ߣȺɱĺãЩɲȥ˰ɣ
뵽ϢߣôͷӲúõƫҪȥ

ʱˮѾ˻ɽһȥˮ֪滹ǳƵԴ˼ɾ
ﻨ㣬һƬƬɫʤĹʵһܹһ㣬Զĵˮ
һֻޣûпЩ޴ޣˮһʱоеת䡣
ˮߵˮط־ȻһѵСӣһͷʮ׿СŸָϺܣǲٶڳ೤ڹҲ״СˮСӳһֻ
ɽ֣ܳˮһɽŵˣҲ֪ɽΪʲô᳤ֲôïʢΪʲôô͡
ˮҵһߴȥλǸӣһɽ˵ĽΧӿȥеĺܶû·޴ɽϿһͷһɽһеһɽǧҪȥֻܡɡȥ
ˮϽվȻ˳ɽϿŻɽڲȥˮҲرͼгֵЩֲ
ˮһֱڹ컨ɽΪʲôôƽˮ˼⣬СʱˮͣǰߴһսһȺ屼ܵ
פˮԶһȺǣƲͷûһֻǵ켶ġ
һȺǣ߶ףףͨѩףǰɭɭ˲ٶȺܿ죬ֻǵһ㣬οɽϿУˮöܣΪͬǲֻĶǡ
ˮͷð˵ȺѶֻܳȥ
ˮսʲô׼ãڹˣôõĶֻǲǳȥˡ
أ
һϸǺ𣬶ʱȺٶȻӿ죬ϵϢˮ

ˮгģֻǿһȺѻ
ô£
ˮƵķԼм䣬ǲˣȺʵʻʸ߼ģ۷弶ĵǻûз֡
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ˮôûһֻˮо·һ㣬Լǲߴˣǲǻɽ
ڿ϶ǻɽ޿ǻɽÿ춼ڷͨ飬ˮоȺ󷴶̤ʵ˲١
ˮоԼеͷ
ˮžԼԽԽȺû̫ĵģڳˮǰĶȺȷ飬ļ𣬴󲿷ֶ켶żҲֻʳĶǴС
ˮĵǿȺѻϸ޷ͶȺȣȻȺǾҪˡ
Ȼѻǿ󣬵ȴҲѪʹѻɱһƬǣҲܲסĶǵû
ԭǺѻͶ֮ĴģսֻˮܱķԼܲҵľУұΧмλá
ǰȻȺһ߿ХˮоȺֻ
ˮֻܻġģͷ߿Хϣһָǧͳ˧
һ뵽ˮе㲻ˮĵһ㣬ֻǴǸ߿ХԼָʮֻĶǣһˮоӦñֻϻӦûҪǿϲ١
ܺôǵ޾ԷͬУġޡϺ
ˮ޳ɣǰʷеĻʵۣ˵Ǿ֮ǿĵ֮Ѱ˿᲻Ĺݡ
ˮˮǸʱڣһЩþλ˻γһϣҲй
Щλǰ᲻ĵӣԵþִٲһɢѹƱ˵ҲСֻ߲֮֮ŻУ
ʨޣǧֻлһֻʨֻлһֻʨ޻ʣˮǰһƬǾԲʮֻԸоһָֻӡ
ֻȣʨʲôʨ޻Ҳѷɫ٣ΪˮܵԽǵʵҲԽǿ
ˮое㼬֣ͳǧֻ޵Ҳʲôڵˮ˵
ͳֻ޵߾пӵԼþǾԡѹơѹơֻͳԦֻʮֻϰֻġޡһʹãֻҪΧڶܵġѹơȻѹƵ˻Խ֡ѹơĹ߾ǡ֮ǿǿƽġ
֡ѹơĹ٣Ͼ֮֡ǾѹƣܿѹƵĹؼܿסϢġǺٵġ
Ȼ˵ͳԦ޵С֮˵ΨһķЩ;֮߱ģֺõ֮ǿ
ʥݵġհ޵ġˮЩ֮߱ޣѪͳ߹󣬳ɳ˳
ѪͻƽѪ˾˵š֮ˣģѪ
֮֡Ŀ꽵ʵܵѹƣʵӵʵͱͬȡ
ɢ֮ѹƶԷһɵʵôͻһɵʵ
ǡ֮лпŽǰÿһͳԦıرȺɱ档
һޡǿ֮ԷʵǿԼʵһһ˴˾˺ܴľ롣
оǡޡԱ߶żֻʮֻͬǿޣȻǰǿ󣬵ȺȴǶģǵְػޡ
ˮ뵽ͼжҲһЩأ޵ͨͳ޵ĵȼֳġ
һͳԦֻ켶޻ϾѾ֮߱Ϊֻоֻ֮߱޳ԸΪǰͺ̡

ʱˮܵɢֵ֮֡ѹƺԣ

һӸ߿Ǻһסʱһ羢һĸоˮозһЩ仯
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ˮһУʵĵطٱɡʵǿĵطҲûʲôͻˡ
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վϽĳȺУֱײ֮ȺһƬƬı֧顣
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϶ҧ󣬺οǣôĶǾվŲվҪɱǹҲҪóʱɣ
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ˮͽվɱΧԽԽĶΧ˹һηˮͽվɱ˺ҧˮͷƤе㷢顣
ýվķȥˮеıǽϵĺͻϮĶǡ
ˮɽڱģܱܿͱܿûбҪʱ˷棬οҲ棬㲻Сȥˡ
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氲ˣˮܵһֻǣֻˮǰߵƬɽгƥǡ
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տɫ˫۳Ź°Ǹ׳ͬɢ¹һĹΣʮףףȳơýɢһǿҵ֮

ˮԿ϶ڵˮоرΣ㶼㲻ˮĿջԱߵֻϡ
ֻǱƺҪһЩײһЩʮףףмȣһ֮оƤëĹɢԼ¶϶˺ܶࡣ
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ˮû뿪·ҪԼһ
ˮȥԼĴ󻹵һʱЧˮҲ£

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ˮڻͷˮ֪ҪԼʲôˮڻģȻɽΣյĵط֮һڻɽ޻Ҳǿ֮ʮ֮ġСܡοʵǿޱȵĴڡ
󻹵ʱ佥ʧˮԽԽĵˮǰ߻ڼٷɱ
ˮתȥǰˣ
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499 ڶŲرͼ֮أ֮Ԫ
ﲻǵڶŵĲرͼϵĵط
ˮо⡰Լȥĵطһ͵ڶŲرͼйϵȻӦþͻҪĿĵ˰ɡ
ˮֱһشػɽбȥһɽȣϪѾ뵽⡰ɽ档
ܼͬĻ֣ƺҪޣƬ֣ɽϿֱӽ뵽һɽȡ
ˮԶȻżֻǣдС
ˮ󶼣˫¶Ŀ⣡
أĺǱƽ
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ˮҡҡͷųԼ뷨ԽƻôԼأ
·ϲϵĳһСȺһСȺĶǣûͣǼɽڲš
ȻѣĶ٣ҪĶʵƺࡣ
ˮ֪ǿڻɽܸסĲ࣬ϾʮߣҪġʮޣǰ;
ԱߵɽԱߵʲôڷɿĺˣ
һֱߵɽڲ
ͻȻͣ
ˮʵҲѾͣΪˮǰһ޴ĵãŵõ
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ˮͣˮͺ𣬸ǿɢɫâĵ
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Լ߲ſڣΪˮѹѾԽԽÿһܵѹ޴ġ
ĴѾ벻ˣˮȴǸоҲ޷ǰһ
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ˮϷ¶һ˿΢Цû뵽ѹٴһδ壬ǿӲ١
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ˮæóŵڶŲرͼó˲䣬ΪˮǾƣرͼóһ˲䣬һĹâ𣬽ʧ
ڲرͼʧһ̣ĴŻ򿪣ˮĿɿڴĲ֪ô˽ȥȥһ̣ѹʧ󻹵ЧҲʱʧһĸоͻ۵ĸо֡
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죡
ˮĸоһѾˮо𺳣ɼ⻭еǾҲ𼶱
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ǰĲرͼʧԼ˵һУرͼ¼رĵص㣬Ϊǰرص֤ͨ
ͻȻˮǸͼ²Զһƽ̨ǰˮӽǸպñӵסˣ˼ˡ
ж
ˮڿ̨жǼ˹ȥˮֻֻƽ̨ϵ㶫
öںòڶ࣬ǿһ͹ˣ
ˮοԼƽ̨ȥ˽ˡ
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ˮȿһʯˮȻоڰĿⶫڵˮ̫
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ˮԼڽɫĶ˵ĺøУԽɫҲرϲã
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Ͼôʯͽ𾫾Ǵ½ĶֻͷСǶģôǾ޴ģƷʣʯͽ𾫱ˮĽʯ̨ƺҪǿһЩ
ȴһ˫ɫģεģޱȣһֻµǣͻеǺ
澫֣ܳˮоʯĶˮоⶫǿΪرǿңͨȥ
֮Ƕ˵˵Ķ֮ǶһеǹȿԵõǵı
ǿĶһе
ˮĿоµĶᣬȻ½ҲӴģ˫µ״Բ˴ģοˮôҲġ
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ˮż¿ǰܺ˵Χ˺ŮƳɡԪȴԵˣ־ԪгǿͻϢ
úһֻ֮嶼ЧͶԷɽ
ˮŵٴο飬ȷûпĿǹһЩƵСƿϡ
ȻֺöȻԶֻܼٶԷɵԼɵѾ㹻ˡ
ˮǰĽ֮û뵽Ȼĵҩ
ǰ
Ǵʱģ
ѵǺ˰ŮµĶŪȻڻرͼ
ˮԴԳЦЦǳԱŵģЩʲôԼұģԽġ
ôˣⵤҩỵɣ
ܿͱԼ޴뷨ЦˣȻ˵ſԱ꣬ǾӦò⡣

ˮǽСƿʱоֶе΢΢ΪǶƵˮһӸоƼһ
鳤һҵĽһǺɫģһɫģˮȻ֪ʲôˮоǿҡ
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ˮܳѹȻúᣬҪɫرɢĹԽԽ
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ˮˮˮоԼ·ˡ˫
ˮе㵣ģϾˮ糣һ㣬ˮΣֱӽɾ
ͨɾˮãĿԼʧĵطˮڲˣȻظҪһµʱ䣬û㵽Ҳһʱ䣬ȷе˵ʱѡ
ˮʲôҲֻܻǰߵ
ǰս뵽󻹵ǣ̲סһ˿Ц⣬رڷʳ󻹵󣬾̤һŴﵽ˿ֲʮ߿ڴ󻹵Чȥֻʣ°˿һ㡣
嶼Ѿһ㣬ˮ֪ԼѾͻƵ˰֮ˮ֪ʳ󻹵ʱڷı䣬ֻȴǻָǿտҲ


500 ʳ֮Ԫʵż
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ˮ뵽ǰõǿһӣˮ£ǲܳʲôţδ֪Σˮرֻǵʱ̫ɾˮرġ
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һλиܴջͻƵ˰徳磬һˮоٶֱ˽һ룬ɵٶȣˮһӸо֡ǹڡĸо
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ܿ쵤һĶ嶼оһ㣬һǿƵϢͷİٻѨ룬ֱﵤ
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ֻˮһоǸˣˮͺŤͷߡ
ŮˮԵģɽŮջˮԼû֮עĿǣˮҲûҪıˣӴŮˮоŰ


501 ˮʣЫ
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ʱˮûж룬жŮǰʲôܺ棬ͷһ뵽ǰֹԼһ
㣬˾ж
ֻˮûҪʲôϾ˴˲ʶŮ˵ԶˣԸŮˣˮѡ˱ģ£Լģ͵ְɡ
ʱˮſĳɽǺܴ󣬵ҲСϾôݶ棬ֻǲչ衣
ʮ׸ߣǸԲεģֱҲʮףϺܸɾǹ⻬ʯ棬ġ
ˮҲǸŮˣתŶеһȥˮֻǺ룬Ϣһոյõ޴ĺôһʱܼ
ˮʪǽŶڣʱһ޴绮һ˲佫յͨ
ˮ۹ɨǸһտȹŮӣǽڱϥֻ޴ıŮߣʱķ͵͵
ҪҪȥҵһŮĲرͼأ
ˮ⣬ԼһǰĿľΪѰҵһŲرͼģΪõһŲرͼĵصǻɽֻĲİѵڶûκĲرͼ˳
Ī֮ϲ
ͻȻ֮ˮеңңָоˮе㷳꣬Ͼˮ䲢ǰֻǸѧһˮ𲽺磬˼Ҫ֪ͬĶ֪ܶ࣬ԼҪʲô
֪ɫѾ΢΢ˣһʱǰѾֹͣˣˮϵ·ѸˣοϵĻ칬·˿ģȻʪȴˮˮڶнͷɺ󣬻Ҳˡ
ˮȥȭȻȥɽڲѰŮ壬һŲرͼܸԼʲôĺô
ֻˮ֪ŮʲôطˮоҵڶŲرͼò˵̫ѵˡ
ǰԼʱԼܡ˵ɱֻԼɱԼڶŲرͼԵˡ
ˮ߳ѨʱǸŮ˻ǱϥˮʶоԷѾܴ
һ΢ķϸСϧˮӣ˻ж
֣
ˮϥһ˫֣ϾȻһīСָϸ

ˮڿ϶жˣֻŮΪʲôⶾΪʲôҲԼܲܰ
ֻǺܿˮ֪Ů˹ԸҲԼæɣǰŮ˵͸ое䣬ʦװҪ䡣
ˮ뵽ǰ˵ı̳ȥҲٻɽŮ˵Լʲôϵ
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Ůֻ˵һԼôҪһ֮
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ˮȥץŮ˵֣ڰʱסˣͣʱˮץסֻһ֡
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Ů˰ĿſһÿޱȵĹʱоرﶼ΢Ĺ
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ʢһݸŮˣ
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ˮԼҲʢһ룡
ŮСһСһСڵĺţˮȴǴںţһˮԶŮǱˣΪԭš
ƯŮʲôźͿɰģźͿɰŮ˵ģҲֻŮϲŻῴĺÿţŮŵĶöġ
ƽŮˣÿŮеɰ
ҪҪٺһ룿
ˮŮ˺˵
ˮŮԥʱһݸ
һκˮͲٿˣ빻ˣǶʱ䳤Ҳˣ

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ľ˵ǡ߶߲ʶԭϻķԾ˵ԶһЩ˵еĴڣϧ߶Ҳֻ˵еĶ
ЫѾܶˣˮھбҪռһЩЩҲá
㻹ҵֻЫܣ
ˮ̧ͷŮӡ
Ůһǿ϶ˮͷ
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Ů˿һˮ󣬺ÿüë΢΢
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ˮŮ˻еûмھȥ죬ָȥתŶȥ
̫ӶҲŸո¶һߣվڶһƽ泯̫ȭɽҪǿһЩϧ̫ΣˣפҲܲס޿񳱡


502 ﻹǻɽ
ŮȴԶԶĿˮһֱû˿仯һѩʹڿˮĿȻһƬ䡣
ˮµľǺĿഥоرĹ죬ܺÿȴĿ̫ˡ
Ů˵Ŀʱһ˿仯һ㸴ӵĳɷ֣
һֱʱŮڶпʼһͬտɫĳ轣ͻĽ費һȴеƣӯ·ߡ
轣˺̬ӯر΢ڶŮġˮرµķΣǻԲø߽еˮֹ
ҲܵˮĿ⣬Ů˻ͷˮŮһĿűεЦЦ
Ů䣡
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Ů˻ָĺܿ죬ȬˮŮ˵ʵȻ۷彫Ŀʵ
ˮٿŮ˻ᣬ˵Լ󣬵Ӧòܴʲôʱôĸ֡
ЩԼϵģԼûϵĻж٣
ˮͷתĺܿ죬ܿҵԭ򣬾Լڲ֪ʵӴȦӱˣԼʵ죬ҲûϣҲûӴЩˡ
׵ʵŮʵ൱ֻˮ֪ŮƾʲôԽ뻨ɽҪ֪еȺѻһֻȱҪǿ
ȥֻЫɣ
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Ů˵䣬ʲô飬ÿһ仰٣ҪܵͷͲ˵ܳĬͲͷ
ˮ治֪ŮûԼˣԼһһЦûУһ㶼ûС
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Ůԥһ²Ż˵
ˮ˵ǱȽϳĻˣˮҲ֪ŮǰͷΪʲôôǿû뵽һТŮΪĸ׾ȻܵɽԼˡ
ˮТ˳ĸرкøУһʮˣֻҪТ˳ĸĸǸˣǸˡ
ˮоƺôˣ
ҲǸҩʦҲ֪ĶʵƵĵҩȵ㣬ôТĵķϿɲԸ˵˵ĸ׵Ĳ飬Ҳа취
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ĸǱ롯˵ˣҲֻǿš
һˮŮ˻ĸ鲨ۡΡᡭ
롱ֶˮɵĿһŮˣĸһǿΪ۷ޣʵĶֻСƣĶԾ˵Ѿﵽʡ
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ЫڵӦþȲĸס
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ˮɫԵĿ⿴Ůˣֱľգͦη̵ɽ彫ȹһջĻȣ״ˮС
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ˮŮϲû¶ʲôˮоǰĿ˷ˡ
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ˮģʲôж㣬ˮ̲סһɧԼƻıŮ˱ƻһг
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ˮ΢ЦĿŮˣˣһ߹ŮˣֻѾäĿˡ
ΪäĿˣ
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ˮóһװŴ󻹵Ĵƿ΢Цĵݸ
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ôˣԼôôǰʵֱȼģھȻҪְ취ƭȡһŮ˺Լϴˮҡͷ̾
Ů۹ͻȻһǰԼȵãԼôΪԼӣԼѡ
㣡
Ů˽ӹˮеĵҩгһ־ϲɫ뵽һοսʱ龰
ô˵ҵŮˡ
ˮǺǵЦš
Ů˳Ĭһʱе㷢㶣
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ˮٴοŮǷˣرǷԲķΣԲȴ˶պãĻˮеڸ
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ˮһֱ΢ЦſڿĿŮˣ۲壬ˮоرܣĻһϵġ
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509 ֮ʯص칬
ˮǹͷѪֲſĳŵ˫µ֮ǶֻմѪ
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511 ̣ص
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512 ףֳɷˣʦװ
ˮó̳ɾľƣҵһȵĺ棬ƮŮʱǼСӻен͵͵ˮĴָ
ˮֻܿЦ
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ˮоһǵڶֶҲˣԪˮ˺κһŮˣѾ˺Ļ
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ˮˣΪЩ仯ģõҲǲͼرģӦ֪ģһֱ
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ţ
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ʱ䳤ֱеˣˮоʦװ뿪ʱ䳤һʱ䳤ټʱоرѹ֣ÿζҪˮƤļκŻתһЩҲֻԼһ㣬ʱЦһ£Ц绨ڡһѤĲʺ硣
ǳɻ飬˵òã
ˮ˵˵ʱ䣬ʱѾˡ
˵ĻȻ쵽
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˵磬һٻ꣬᲻޸ңȲ˵Ǹ
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ˮɵˣôģŮ˿ʵģôͱ˵Լ˵ˡ
㿴ˡ
ˮЦſǰѾ滨ŮˡԭһֱԼǰǿŮӴʱȴ֮
ôˮһжǼٵġ


513 ϣԽǴʱԽ
ʦװϵˮˮеڴˮỹһ㿪ģԼϣǼٵģȴʵ޷ıʵ
ѹˣзÿ춼źܶˣ˶ǵѾǺˡ
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Һܣҿںܡ
ʦװ˵ܵ䣬ˮû뵽Լ㣬ôŮԭĲ䡣
ǣһֻ֣еˮоһЩůԼѾˣ߹Լ˶ǺܣԼѾûбҪٱԹʲôʵ̹ȻһЩҲŻһЩ
˵ףôףˮѾͷ˼ΣﲻʣӿʼѾˣѾϰߡ
Ѿ޻ڴֻǻŲ¡
ˮʦװɢŲҩ԰деҩݡ
ƽƽ㲻ƽ
ʦװһˮ˫۽ıˮĲӡ
סǹ⻬еĽˮȴֻǸоܰһ㵽Ҳ޻ˣӵеĶǰ̫ˡ
νƽƽҲҪƽֻоں㣡
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ţ
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ˮһѪӿ˵ȥ仰൱𺳵ģ޵ˮʲôҲ˵ѸٵĵסǺ촽
ʹֻʱˮҲûдʦװִҪ뿪ԼȻˮʱ䶼
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վҩ԰УΧҩݣҩݶǱ˻ߣӶϡ
ˮ˱΢΢ĺ촽̰˱ʦװеĽҺ˫Ҳ֪ʲôʱǻԲϡ
塢ʮ㣬ļϵ·ͺܵˮԸоʦװϵ¶ߡ
˫ֲ᲻صţʦװĽ΢ĲţȴûзˮʩΪ
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ˮ¼ŮǰԺȥˮ֪үӺչһԼ
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үүѵĻϣ
ˮڸô࣬ԼȱĶ࣬ԼԵĻ


514 Ǳ
ʲôʱ޾֮·ֻҪܳԿ࣬ټһĻԵû겻ɵ顣
չ嫺ǺǵЦŴӻóһɫҳ
ò˵ʧʱ򣬼ĻҲرзǲͶҽץסݣүүеõһ伮ʺϲˣ͸ɣܲܳɾͿ컯ˣүүƾⱾʧȥһлָΪһ¥
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ˮʵģϾչ嫵ƿǱԼ˺ܶ࣬Ϊʲôȴûлָء
Ǻǣô˵ɣⱾ伮ϵĶֻʺЩѾû·ߣһǿһ֮ضҪܵǱĶ
չ嫿ˮ΢Ц˵
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޵ǵĿչ嫣ˮһԣˮָ֪ƺľʹ
չҧ촽֧ţϵʪ͸ˣɢƺǿˮûΪˣԸоܡ


չʵЦˮЦ˳
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ˮչڿĵӾ֪Ѿָˣּ۷Ҳǰȫ˺ܴıϣο߻и۳ء
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ҲǱһԸɣ
ˮοԼ
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ϲ֣
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ˮڲͣıйȥÿ춼ڲϵİжȹΨһջ־ںϣǰˮҲоżں֡
ˮ׵İԼ͸֧ȻȴָˮҲҵеĹؼ
ˮ֪ؼҪƿ־ϣоְ취رΣգûˮ֮֡ʯǺѼġ
µʱȥˣˮоҵһЩ裬Ҳһı仯ˮҲҲ仯
ˮʼ˸رܣˮ;ͺǿ󣬵ĴϣҲɥʧ
ˮǸʮʮѾˮоޱȳˮЦյ۷ʱǡʮڡ

ׯһ޴ٲ£һ۾ٲ£Ƿֱµٲľ޴ѹ


515 ˮҪΪҵˡߵн⼤Ǳ
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ʱһʱʱˮһֱ΢ĲȴǾһֱֵҡλǿ֡
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ǡǿߣ֮ҲǰɾںϵһֿµĵزӶӳǿԲԲ׶԰߶ȼС
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519 ֫Ѩͨͻƣɾǧ
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극౴Ҫ˽վҲǸ౴壬ҿˮԭ춼ܿġ
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ԣûġ
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ˮĻüֱӰߵĻȥΪˮ˵ĻˮôôģǸое㺹աرʱ䣬һͨ˵ܣɽʯͷվھ޴ٲ棬ߵн⣬ˮ̶С
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ˮڶǳĿ߾ͿԷݵأھݴ½ҲǽϵǵݣصĶʤݣһԺһ
һͼһߡ
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ڲ̫࣬ͻ첻ô׵ģˮоڰɴ󲿷־Ϲǿϡ
ϢһɾʱѾȥһ룬ԵԺˮڲɾתת
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⾳ۺġҡˮ΢ЦſԶѾһţΪµģˮԼҲҪȡһȻƾģԼҲûпܡ
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һֵĸӦ΢еˮľǧ
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һӴˮղסֵĸоȫĵͶ룬ÿһӶ˾µĸоȴǴޱȡ
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520 䣬Բĸԭ
һʹôӵİ
ѹˣ
ˮվ֣ܶÿһֶԵô飬бأѹֵ꣬ж
ҪһֱӳһֱĹЧ˵ܣд֣ýŲǲܡ
ҪʮýӴӵĹЧһ˫ȴҪýд֡
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ˮıǽˮоԸɵŷǿǧ
ܿ˼һµˮ֪ԼţǼ⣬ȻǽǿǽȻڽϿŸǿһ棬Ӵӵ
һѸʺϵĴʵսǧ
뿪ˮԼñǽ洸ӵ뷨
֪ɾʱʹȥ죬ֻʣһһʱˣڻָˣˮٴλָνǰҹȥһʱ䣬Ѻҹʱĳ賿
ÿζһʱȻʱŵһĻˮо̫˷ʱˡ
ɾռĶˮо̤ʵˮʵоԼǸûаȫеˣʲô鶼ԸԼƿصĳ̶ȡ
ߵرߣˮѾǧĻƽҩ꣬ͻȻٶĽǻβ㡣
Ӧÿܳˣ
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ЩˮСС㣬һжԼģ۹ͣϡ
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521 ౴о磬ĺɣ
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һֱɫҪ׺´ߴˮ뿪ˮٴκ´һһõĸоˮеر㡣
صˮٴνɾھһʱˮȰһʱʱ꣬Ȼʱ첻ھҪȥɾ
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һӵʵ൱Ĵľķ
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㻹˵һţǴ˫޵İ취Ϊ£ǿ

˫޹ˮʵûÿ춼ֻǻһζѡ
ˮ⹦ǿ󣬾ȻԴ߶ʶеͼˮоʶеͼһԽ
Ҫؽ̩ںϵؼ֮һͬʱˮоɾ
ˮһҩʧȥϹˮʲôҲɥʧˣҩͣͲǰû˿
ˮԪѾҩܳʱˣǾųңȻˮѾƳˡ
޼ҲﵽˣȻпܲˮǺ뿴ʲôá
󻹵ˣˮģѾʯβݣƳҲʮŴ󻹵ˡ
СյԪԪ񵤡ˮѾһЩ
ˮ뵽Լµĳ굤ƽƵ𵤡˵
Ҳˮ֪ݴ½ԼҩǿܶĵҩʹˮźܴĿռ䣬ˮӴľеС
ҵһֱʹþ񵤺ͻԪĻԪ˿ʼԼʳһݺʣµľʮѾ˷ʳˡ
ԪÿǧһÿԷʳʮš
ˮÿ춼Ǽƾ񵤣˳ҩ飬ȴһҩҩ
оǻԪ
Ŀǰˮľ֣Ͼࡣ
˳ˮɴ󻹵ҲƳõſţ
ϹǿѾޣǰͻһõСʵҪҪڵƿ
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һƿӣѾװˮˣӸˮҪ뷨ƿӱ
ˮֻϹɷ壬Ѱұð취ˮͻȻͻơ



һοˮһϢͳԷʱ⣬ʣʱ䶼Ͷ뵽С
쵽죬ˮɾ粻Ҫһˮ֮ˡ
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ȻѾˮӸо޴ĺôҲˮݿӵʵµĵȼмˮ֪
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ҺԺϡϡѾŻΣͨȭҲд̫ȭġ
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౴ˮ˵ˮʧȥΪ꣬౴ˮָ㣬Ͼܳʱ䶼ˮһ棬´̼ˮ
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ͣ£ȫ򣬼סһ㣬ͨɱͨ˫ۡ
ˮͬʱѵ
౴ѧֻǲǶˣˮֲ᲻ص౴ļs羮ĞѨ
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ˮһĵѨ͸оľ쳣ǿңˮ˫ֿٵѹѨ;
ˮѸٵĳ룡
һ
һɫĹڽ֣
ʥ֣֮
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ۣ
౴s羮ĞѨϣÿûһ磬΢ٵĲתš

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525 ⿪ƣһҶ
ˮһҶû֣һֻҲһֻˮһκһҶ輡ϵĽӴȻеˮûк˼룬ѹԼΪˮоĻԼ޲ˡ
Ȼ
ˮļԼĺȻϹһҶľдǰȥƿǵƣǽˮͷֻһ֮ͨһҶʵֻ弶ǻ
ǽƻ
ˮƣ˭ҪһҶ½ƣѵʨ룬ʨ룬ܿҲûˣ˵˺óʱ䡭
벻׵ˮͲˣûдȥһҶ裬ֻҪ˵ˮȥ飬Լľ֧
Ȼؼǿ֮һȻˮ̸оڳǽƵʱԸоһоǰо޷ǵƣٿԸоǵơ
ˮײǽƣǸоһɽһ㣬û˿ɶ󡣲ˮģֻҪҵλúԭͺá
һġšˮҪľǰŻ⣬һӴˮ֪µĽơ
𡭡
ֻµһֽˮٸо⿪һϣģˮļӴ
ˮֱӿٵļӴһҶľܲסԼˮһӴһĹ۲߸һҶ״
ģˮһҶľԺǿ󣬸ӿ϶ʵԲôֻͣǲ֪ʲôʱµĽơ
Сʱ»ǺСʱ򣬺ܿ˿һҶʲ˽ƣҲ̫ߵĳɾ͡
Ǻ˽ƣһҶӦ֪˵ˮҲʣˮҪľǰ򿪽ƣʵ
ˮԽԽ󣬵ǵȴʼɽһ˿ˮԾüͷ
ɽ
ˮϹһ࣬źȻٴŽƳȥãˮϹ
ˮĶһҶľܵ˺
ţ
ȻǵûжȴˮоϣֽƲԽԽãΪˮȫʩΪһҶľҲܲס
˾
ˮ۾һ
Ϲվ˴ӡ˾ųȥ
ۣ
ˣ
ˮ۾̲סһϲʱоһҶ辭еʱ˺ܶ࣬һֹˮоһҶȻѾ۷ˡ
һҶͬҲüĿĿˮ޷ǰǸϵż꣬Ҳ̫죬仯˽ܣͬʱҲúİоǰһкܾԶһ
ˮûֹͣǿһƳȥˮǰѾܵˣһơ
ˮһ⿪ֱһҶʵﵽ۷壬¸ˮоˣ⿪ʲôʵ
ء
ˮϹͺȻ˵ľϵײһϣǰһײһƵȴԵе
ܻ
Ķܻ
ˮֿԴһеϣ
أ
ǵŻζȴǻ޷򿪣ˮһΣ׼õһֱ
׼ȷĲϡ
ʱˮٴЮǰһܻײȥ
䣡
ֻоһҶһ񵴵ľˮŴ˿һҶɫе㳱죬ȴ֪ʲôԭ򣬲Ըо岢ûʲô
ڴ򿪵ڶƵʱһҶð˰ɫĹΣһ˲رãâˮİͻʼʱ֡
һҶƽ⿪Ȼﵽʼ𣬶һҵʵˮ󣬿ԸܵʺʵĸоˮҲŷһЩ΢ı仯
һʱ䣬һҶŻˮЦݸˮܿ֡
һ⿪ˣͿȫָ
ˮ˵ָܰˮҪˡ
ˮ˵ǿΪһЩ顭һҶΪָҲǺܿģˮΪʲôˣҲΪԼ˶ġ
ȻĿԽ⿪
һҶ˵ſĺ;ȣһϣ
ʱҲûʮİա
ˮЦ˵ûжʽƵ飬Ϊˮ֪һҶ˵һ˵
µķӡ㶼ܽ⿪ڶʲôʵˡ
һҶ˵̽ѰˮʵǶˮʵľ̾
µķӡ
ˮﰵ
۷׶Σһܰ⿪һӦòĻҲͻƵ۷׶Ρ
۷壿ͻƵ۷壿
һҶеľȱ顣
۷УԾһһҶ裬˺ܳʱһҶԼпܴﵽ۷ҲǾȲѡ
Ȱһƽ⿪ֻһա
ˮ˵ˮǲʧģֻڰѻ˵̫ʱûܰ⿪ǻʧ˵ͻƵ۷Ǹϣ
ţܽ⿪ҲûйϵѾܿˡ
һҶ˵
ϹٴһҶһƳȥһʼˮֻǻײţ𽥵΢΢ͣˮƵһԼĳ̶ȡ
ϹסһҶҪλ
Ȼ
ɽ
ˮ˫ҲþӨ
ʥ֣֮
һ˵ľǵ̵ײȥ
һһϣ
ܻ
û˿Ӧ
ˮûʲôоµĽƣ˵ֻǸҲ㹻µʵͷˣˮûд򵥵ľͽ⿪һҶķӡ
ϧȻ̫ȻˮоȻ㹻ǿĻֻƾȻͿԽ⿪Щơ
ܻ
ˮûбٴһһһǶȲŽƵλã

ĸ
һһɫĹλһ׼ȷĲŵǸλá
÷ֲ״
ɢɫĹΣ
ܻ
ͻɽ
ˮԼƲڸоѾǿѹˣȴҪǺѡ
һδεĳһδε޹ˮͷϳһκ飬ˮܲģԼµһƶ޷򿪡
һǿŭΪǰԼǸĲ꣬Լʲôӡ
ͻȻˮо֮ȻԼˣ
ţôˣ
ˮһϲתš֮ššƳȥ
֮
ƣ
ˮеŭ뵽֮Уž޴ŽƳȥ
ۣ
ֱӱһһ޴Ĺƣ
壡
ܿϾͲ˹ƣˮһһˡȫŽƳȥ
أ
ֱըȻٵʧھУˮű°ɫĹλƵŮӣʳ̻Ůӡ
Ըܵеڲϵ̥ǵţֵʥϢôҫۡ
ʱ䲻Ҳһӵʱ䣬ɢȥˮٿһҶ裬ֻоϵֲʳ̻Ϣǿˡ
лл㣡
һҶ΢Цſˮ˵
ΪʲôҪл
ˮţֱ˿ˮŰÿ
ˮûеһҶ˵˵ʦҲ˵ллԶҪΪκ鶼ĸԸġ
ǾͲ˵ЩˣԺ˭Ҳ˵лл
һҶ迴ˮɫЦ
ãأôûп
ˮЦʵ
ȥˣƿҪˡ
һҶ迴˵
ţˣȥ˫ûУ
һҶ·ͻȻˮ˵
ţ
ˮεĴ
ܿ࣬Ҫúö
ˮû뵽һҶ˵Ļ֪һҶ仰ʲô˼ˮͷʵʦҲֻܿ࣬ûѡ
һҶһ𣬵ЦЦʲôҲû˵
Ұҵһšҡ
ˮóһŴҵݸһҶ衣
һҶȦе죬ȵĿˮǰˮ⿪ƶûڵҡ
ĸ
ҵŮҵĸ
꣡
һҶȴЦˣ벻֪ҵĽ˭µġ
ˮҲЦˣԼԸԼ˵ˡ
ţҲ֪˭ȻʦʹֶΡ
ˮͷ˵
ӦںʱµģʱһڱʥݵʱҲ֪ʥѱʦ£ʵļɴѱʦһҶҲ㲻϶ļ壬ѱԼĶ츳ҪһҶÿǧ궼һӵĵˣ˵Ԫܳƾ赱ʱһҶᵽһʱ仹пܵġ
ˮţԼԼҲܲ³һ㡣
ˮǱ߱˵ɣ
һҶˮŴȥ
ʨǱʥһǿʵڱʥҲǰĴɣǶһҶҲ֪ǧǰһҶҳһӵĵѱʦǸֻʮһҶѱʦƾԼǿʵǿȺǰѱʥһѷɫʨٵ𡣡


526 ĵǿ󣬾Ե
ˮû˵һֱĬĬ
һһҶֵһǧĹؿڣ˵Ҫһӵĵˣʨ뽻һҶңһҶΪЧȴһֱڹעһҶҵܲɵСʱʻãһҶҵﱾͲ࣬Իϲ©Ŀ͵ϣҾͱ͵͵˽ƣҲû뵽ӵĵǸŮ
һҶ費֪Ǳʹϲ˵
ˮЩǶô⣬˵һҶҲʨ뽻ãһҶΪʨЧʨ뻹ǻѡӡһҶ츳ѵ
ǲΪЧʵǣܿΪ£˽˵ԡ
һҶĽƱ⿪ˣʵǿﵽһҲˮоһҶû˵Ƶ»ڴһ㾳磬ӡֻʹʵ
ʦﳤȥʨ롣
ˮʵ
Ҳ֪ĵܳɳʲôĳ̶˭Ҳ֪µֻһЩ˵ľ߱ЩʵҲԻȥʱ˼
һҶ迴ԶĿûвƽˮ
ˮƽĿ⣬ĿˮоܲΪÿ˶ģһʧȥҲʧȥϣһ
ʦȥʱһȥòã
ˮƽ˵ҲʽĸһŵΪˮоϣʱҪһ㡣
һҶŤͷˮȻּǰ˵Ҫһʱ䣬ʱ㻹ȥĻ
ҵŮҲǡʦŮ
ˮͷͻȻоϵôôҡ
һҶ豻˵һЦĿˮǲҪʦˣ֮䱾ͲʦͽϵҲȲѣֻǹҸֶѡ

ͻȻһŵֻװסˣһۿˮͻĺ
ĿĵˮȻҲܿģˮûпԱߵһҶϹ˵΢Ц
ûжߵʱСѾͷֱӴӡװסˮæסСѾͷоˣһζȥˡԳ߲٣ôɰƯһҶһǵСѾͷ
ף
һҶЦŴк
һתû
ôҺˡ
ﱧˮĲ˵
ˮЦǲ֪ԼôģԼҲǵģŮȷʵûоΣΨһľ֪Լеףܵ
ûй˵ϣⲻһνؼңؼҺòãܾˡ
ˮЦ˵
һҶ辪ȵĿˮҲ֪ˮҪʲô
ˮ˵˵Ȳ˵Сӻ᲻ᵱ棬ˮԼȥһʱ䣬Ӵˡ
ģĴһȥ
˫ˮһĴ۾ˮ
ʲôʱƭ㣬ףһһȥֵġ
ˮЦʱˮԼһֱһܴĴ󣬾ûдСѾͷعһμҡ
úáף˵òã
￪ĵ˵
һҶЦıӣã
ˮһҶһһֻɽɢŲ˿ǶôҸһңƺһˡ
ôˣ
ˮЦʡ
¹ԲԲԲδɣͨȭ֪òá
˵
ˮһҶ裬΢΢ͷСѾͷĹȻǿ
õ
ã
¹һֱεĺ貽СѾͷڻϵˮоʮֵ⡣
СѾͷʼͨȭ
С첲һȭӳһ΢ĶˮĿСӰı첲һ˶
౴һôСѾǿﵽо硭
ҪǴңǰС
ˮĿţԾĿͨȭ꣡
ô
ܵˮǰ˵
ããã
һҲǲô˵ˮ̲ס˵֡
ʲôû
СѾͷ۾๾תſˮ
һҰ벻ģϲòãȸ㣬ġװסһҡǳԣǸ
ˮһƿװмʮԪݸ˵
￪ĵĽӹСѾͷĽӹԪĵˮգգ۾ȻԶ
ܿ죬ǰֻ񣬻һֻܺһֻ޴İѩ˹
Ĵӣ㿴óԲ
һҶѡҡݸ˵
ôӰ
Ҳԣ
Ҳԣ
ֻԼԣ˿˳ûЧ
ˮЦ˵
һӳˣĹСƤ˵һ䣺óԡ
ôһܲó𡭡
Ҹ徻طˡ
ˮ˳ݸһԪڵ˵һԪǿޱȡ
һͨĳҲܿٽĶһԪͿһǧ̫СϸĻЧֻӼʮٽﶼ
ݴ½һͨĵҩƽõġ衱ÿֻԷÿӰٽǮԣԾݴ½ĳӻ϶ʳ衱ҲǾݴ½ĵҩ
ûǸҩʦҩ裬ҪҩҲǺͨ
ˮʻǹԶõһСС͵ʵѾ൱ˣԻ˾̾ģţľţˮԼԼıˮϺĲһ㡣

һֱ˯ţˮŴһҶҺˮɾʱþˣˮ֪ûʱɾ
ҹķһҶˮ߳С¥
ҹˣϢɣ
ˮֹߵһҶ˵
ˮҪȥ
һҶ˵
ţҲͦµģ㣬ʱһֱҴһʱ䣬ÿԽСѾͷһ㶫һȥòã
ʯһҶ˵
һҶҲǹģˮŻ뵽һȥסһЩӡ
ţ

ˮûлסͥԺȥûˮСŮ˵ĸо˵еȴرһĸо
ҹˣˮߵϤͥԺʱַ仹ŵ⣬ˮ߹ȥŲû
콣ڣ嶼Ůӣ콣ڸǳϣû˻᲻۵Ķ벻졣
ˮƿţͬʱҵķŴ򿪣һ˯µվˮ¶˿ĵЦݣȻˮ˼һˮ
ˮҾ֪ģ㣡
ˮĵŮˣɫ㣬ıסҲˣ


527 ңˮĴ
һҹ񻶵ĵ໯˼𽵹һּζˮŷԼؿЦݵŮ˺͡
ˮоǰԼϷŮ˾̲סĻЦſŴʱ͵ࡣ
Ŀ⿴˼ҡ
౧ˮĲӣˮǰһ䡣
Ů˴ûбԹʲôҲûˮҪʲôˮоǸŮˣ֪Լʲô֪㣡
ҲˮĲȱٵԭ򣬵ˮܸоƽҲ֪ǲȤԣ˵ΪһοǺһŮˡ
ʦ
ߣʦֹϡ
ˮǰҧһ˵
úãࣿҽ࣬Ҫʲô
ˮЦ˵
Ҳܣʦ
˵ȴЦˣ˿˿Ŀˮ
Сǲˡ
ˮоͷеˣֱӷѹס̽Ѱܡ
ϲ㺰С

޷ߣҲ޷࣬𣿡
ˮ˵ˮ࣬еų⣬ˮоĽƺϸࡣ
ҲܣһҲܣϲҸмΪ㣬ûҪһֱȥȻʱҲ룬֪ѣϲֻϣʱҾͿԡ
ƽȻû˵ˮоڹԼ䣬ҲԼҪһЩһҶ衢۳ǻҪ󡭡
ˮͲûиݴ½Ů˼ʹʮʮҲ൱ǰʮˣݴ½֣˥ϻ
߶ųɻ飬һ㶼ˣŮ˺ٳŹģפյĹǿ԰ձּ꣬ʹפյĹҲͨʳһЩפյҩϱʵԺܶŮ˶ǿ԰ഺձڰꡣ
˵߿Խձֵĸã

ڶϣˮɾӭųĵطһ̫ȭͿһҶ˹
ˮ̫ȭ壬˳һҶ衢뿪뿪֮ǰˮҪǰȥﾭγһΡ
Թ緹緹ˮһδɾץһǻβ㣬ˮӦСѾͷϲĳŵ
Ȼˮ㿪ʼߣرСʳǻβ㣬Ϊ٣ˮֻҪһ굽ʱͻĽǻβõĸ࣬ǸʱͿķʳˡ
óһûʲôġ
ˮû˵ģЩ޿޵ϣûãСѾͷͱɢֻҪȳһڡ
Ϊ׼Ľǻβ⣬ˮ㡢㡢зزˣˮɾĶ
극ˮһҶ׼׼Լȥһ˴˰ﾭγͼǰû˿仯ǲɣһһ㡣
үӣɺã
ˮ̤΢ЦŰﾭγһ
úãˮˣ
ﾭγĵ˵ˮĿŻϲ˵С
ˮͷ壡
ﾭγЦǺǵóŵ輸ϣ˳㵽衣
ˮ΢Цóһöӣүӣ岻УһӾˡ
ﾭγǺǵЦŵ˵ͷЦ⡣
峡ͬսûаվͲҪ˲ÿ˾͸ûбҪȻֻһСС̬ҲܷӳһЩ⡣
ϣжȷŽ
ˮʲôʱ뿪ݣ
ﾭγͷҲ̧ˮϷһöӡ
үΪʲôһʣΪʲô˵Ҫ뿪ء
ˮٵһӺʵ
뿪İɣͷûΪʲôҲֹ˫ı仯
ﾭγ̾һеİΧסˮĺӣõˮһӡ
үӺαÿ˲ôʲô߼ڡ
ˮ˵еĺ£ͬõһӡ
⼸ûܿ࣬˶ԵǺ£ⶼĲƸԺ֪ҲǻŹҲһ־޴Ļ
ﾭγ˵š
үӣ칬Ժʲô滮𣿡
ˮ˼һһö˵
ˣ־ҲСˣֻҪܲϵĽС
ﾭγǺǵЦſˮ˵
Ҳãȴܳ־ã
ˮЦҲ֪ҵķչѣ޷ԼĽŲչֲУˮҴ߽ݴ½
Ĳ˵Զ콣ڵĳϣҲãֻҪһڣͲ콣ڱ۸
ǺǣúãͷҲ飬ʱ䲻ˣǲҪȥ
ﾭγ΢ЦĽһĨ
ߡ
֪ȥɣʵȥһ˱ʥݰɣǰʵˣѾͷĽ̫ˣÿοǷƵɫۣͷҲһͣԿڱϣģǿҲ˫һ㡣
ﾭγ̾˵
ţллүӣ

ˮ˫壬˫רעֻͷѪ쳤ˮоܡ
˫ǻؼҰɣ
תˮüܿɢȥʰ¶
ܿ죬˫һСɫģˮоֻһЩˣ
Ұðɣ
ˮùеİɾ
˫ûзӦ
ŻˮṲ̊˻ذǵ·ϡ
˫һֱǵţʱĿˮڱԼǿܶ콣Ůˡ
ģҲẦ㣬ˣҾָ䡣
ˮ˫֪ôο
ҲһҶڣ̸֮£ҲоˮˣҲƽֻʲôҲ˵
һʱ䣬ˮͷص˰ǣصҩУ
ļҰ
ﲢûǿĵĽе
ҩеſ£Ҳʱ̣˳٣ˮ˸档
һۿһҶ裬ϳǼǰǸǿŮӣ
Ǹ̰
ˮ·ϸһЩƺСѾͷڿˮʵ

һ෢СѾͷԱһҶ賤ƣȴǺˮ
ף
̣
̣Ư
һ˫˵
СѾͷ𰡡
΢ЦժһµĹ׹СѾͷϵڲϣҲУˮСʱҲеġ
֪Ҫ˼뵽ˣϾˮŮˮŮŮƺе󣬵һжҪ
ˣ
һҶЦһ͵۳Ůӣ¶Ϣֹˣȴֹ
̺ãҪһЩˡ
ٺ˼󣬴Ҳ°ĿŵһͷѪ췢˿˫ϣ
˫
¿Ƭ̲ŵĽһ
˫㣡
౴ҲǾȵ˵
ǰ̣˭ΪʲôеϤ
˫ͷڿΧ
ף˫ʧȥˣҴһؼ䡣
ˮЦ˵
סʹ˫벻ȲҪˣģԺļңû˻˺ġ
˫ҲܵµһϤ¶ôʱ·ҵˣµͷ
¿ĵǣס֣һ㵱ҵŮһļңָʱ˵ھסòá

ˮڵңҲоһ㣬չңʱڣҵʵһأȻˮĻȥһĳǷչ
ڶĳʱǰСӾͱĴ̼ˣ໥֮仹ȽϣرԺ౴Ϊĵӣر౴Ժ۷徳ͨȭо磬㣬ȴҲ
һСͨȭͬо磬ǻΡΡ¹Բ֮
ҿ϶ˮŮҿ϶
ԿԶˮָ˵
Ҳ϶ô˵ǸŮҲˮӣǸ˲¶డԲġ
ʯ˵
̫ˣ㿴ˮôãߣ
౴쿴ˮ˵
ˣˮ㹻ˣƽʱǶʣҲûпˮȶð
໢౴˵
Ҿ˵˵һ
¸¥ֻΣԲĻȻûпʲôٴͻƵµľ磬ɢϺϢˮо硣
ˮ룬Ҳû˵ʲôһͨ߱£ͬʱն಻ѹбף˵Ǹͺã
Ҳûз֣ˮڲŸоʱҲ۷ʵƾľ񵤳İͨʡ
ڳұȽһˮڻָԺ÷ưϴ裬Ȼֻ΢ģȻƸӹ̾Ϲ˼ξ
ǿǽȻֻһ˷ãȴЧԵһΪʵֻ֮Ѿǳ


528 չص÷
ʱˮٸʴöԪʵٴӣҲ佫ʵ
ˮڰһʵᵽ۷廹ǿԵģҪһʱ䣬ˮŴҴһʱ䣬ҵʵ
ÿÿԷʳʮŻԪֻͿʵںߣԪѾǶĵҩٺõĵҩּӡɡģ߷ʳ˷ѣЧͻԪĵҩҲǲܶࡣ
Եҩʱ򲢲ԽþԽã
ˮ׼ÿϡ硢磬һʱʱ䣬綼ʱʱѵǡ
ټϵҩԼĺһЩǵʵᵽ۷壬Ȼ취ͻ졣
о𵤣ĸײˣĸĸܶʽ۷ʱ̡
ˮñİ취⿪ĸڵΪʳ񵤡ĺȴǶʧˣˮ𵤡
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ˮΪطǲңгѩĵطҲ٣ֻԶҪˮ߲
ѩľþϴ跥ҵԪһЩǧҩݵںϣҪһЩڵӶﵽ߱
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Լɾ÷Ҳ𣿿԰÷һ£һ£𵤵ҩеѩľӦþϴ跥ЧΪѩľֻá
÷Ч΢һ㣬ˮͨԼ÷һ£ʹ侫һЩټһЩԸҩġ
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ˮЦ౴ʵ
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Ȼ״󲿷ֵİҲԼһЩڼ౴оʧҲ
ѾͷʲôʱҶ磬ô᲻ϲС˵ˮʲô¶ǵһ
ˮ΢Ц౴Դ
ģˮ粻᲻Сɣ
౴ˮе滨˵
ˮʲôʱƭ㡣

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ˮ˦ȥЩĿǰûԺ˵ɣ
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ˮѵ֮ѳȥ棬ʱ౴Ҳȥ١
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ˮصԼסֱӽɾΪѾûʱˣ
ˮͻƵ죬ˮоԼӦþܽν׶Ρ
ˮںˮֻϹǿ죬ͻҪѾˮΣΪˮ֪ôֻͣļؼȥң
оˮѹûҪȥǼԼƵˮһֱԼ죬ˮûʲôȤ
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ˮ𲻾ǰռ÷ȻҡԼЩڵҩĶҩҳ
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ˮǵһγķͨˣֻǽ룬һǧҩݣںһǧһҩݣӵŰ취˵ǧ꣬ʮҲﲻǧҩ̺
ô÷ˮоǿﵽԼҪһܡ÷ȫˣ
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ǹޱȵҩģǳ͵Ƴɹҩʦֹ
ˮƽһ飬ȻתϹǿ״̬ﵽߵ㣬ȻЩһӿϣƵҪ
ˮȻôƽҪ֪һʧܣʧļֵʹˣˮܳܵ
һҪɹˮϣˮţȻһ˿ĽЩҩĺͲÿһĥ˿Ĳ


529 𵤳ɣ쵤
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530 칬칬ڴ޽
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˶ˣΪ𵤼˶֪˵Ųȴǲࡣ
𵤡Ҳǿڴ˵еĶҪ֪½ܸԭ޷ͻ죬еǱϵΪͨˡ
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533 ˮλ칬
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534 ȥ꽫
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ˮĿһᣬоˬΪԼޣǱ˵ģˮһоԼʡ
ȻԼ޵Ǹо˱ϵ˺ܶ࣬ԼĽܴ֮ﵽվЧԼӵнջնˮ
ͻȻ䣬ˮ뵽ԼĽ֮ǴɣûԲԼҲһƤëĪǺҲԼӵнվЩս
ԼյĽ֮;̤опܣһʱ䣬ˮоѪڣԼδģ

ˮûмѧϰµսֻǰѴ󲿷ֵʱɷ壬ˮܳһʱĴɷܵĪĺô
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Ĵɷ壬õеġҺ̬״ϹСû䣬ȴһҡ
ҲˮһϣΪˮоϹѹ۵һ̶Ȼʱ䣬˵þͻ

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һҲ˵һ仰ˮʲôȥ룬ҵҲ˼һ㡣
ָоˮоǷ·Ƕһϴһ㣬ҲĹأҲˮˣˮǻһϵġ
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ĸоУʵûˮо⾳ȴǱˣҪ֪һ;⾳񾮵׵Ҫף˶⾳ϡ
⾳ķʽҲܶ࣬ʱͻ⾳һ붼ĸ߶ȡ
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һֻСڶʮ׳׶ߣۼ׵ľ޳ǰϵۼײλɫ֫ͷԼһЩλɫһ㣬ޱȣ
ֻϾޣһֻú󱲳뿪ˣֻֻ˵ҪһЩҲһЩоڰǰΪڵµػޣ
ˮԸֻܵ޻˺ܾõʱ䣬о޵ʵȻʮ忤ʵͷʮ忤
Ƚվ΢ѷɫһЩվĹʮʮ˽˲ͽͻѾһΣ


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ֳǰ˵ĻûˮԾмؾһƤףûʮ忤˲


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544 ·ˮԪѰ
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ӳһСݣˮо֣ѿôãԳҲ
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ٶȻǺܿģһµļٷУٹҪˣʱˮֻһЩԪǿǵѨͨѨͨ٣һҲʮⶫÿֻܷʳһš
Ԫǿǵ࡫
ˮԪһֱûƣˮо̬һֱе㲻ƽһֱһ¶ʱ䣬һֱ˿쵽ǣڲǰ̬͡
ˮԪҩ֮չ桢ҡ¶Ϊ˪ͷ¶ųǧڵǧʯӢǧ֥ǧĻƾǻβ㡢С
ųˮȴųֻͷСľųǧ굽ǧ䣬ȸСȫڵʲôС
ҩҪİųһֱڻȻˮڿʼмӾ棡
չ˰ʱȻټһ޵ڵֻԴϻڵ

תʱȥˣǰãˮС˽ȥһˮĲƽһЩҪ֪֮ǰǺ׵ʧܣΪҪһʱҪмһЩϣҩӣҩԲȺը¯
ʱһεεĹȥһתʱ䣡
ʱˮĻѾֻд͵ĺ濾ڽ¯ϣ¯ȴһּ硰һ

һöˮ˫ۣûͣеĻ𷴶͵ӵߵĻ档
ֻǴŰʱ潵ֻһ㣬ߣȻʱһֱ档
ȻˮֱڵϾ˯ȻǾ֮ķѵľȴһΡ
һˮо˯ʮʱһһҹʱ䣬ˮһ¾Ǵ򿪽¯
ţš
ˮڶҩֻǴ򿪺ˮһ°ɫҩžӨĹâ
һ
֪ɣˮЦŰԼ
ЧʵɣһɵļĽȵİٷ֮һͨӿȪѨ
ǷˮԪĹЧˮĺܼһɵҩЧһӵʵǾ޴ģˮ֪ܲһĴš
οиˮĹЧͨӿȪѨӿȪѨһҪĴѨ۳֫ѨͨôãԼѾпܴͨӿȪѨʱȻûдͨӿȪѨǲ״ͨ
ͨĺôҲǾ޴ģǾٶȵıԼ֮Ļ٣Ѩͨĺô
ĳһķ٣
Ҫ֪ݴ½ϹƣʲôԽҲԽ๦ôֹΪȫҲӲһУ֡
е㼤ˮˮԪ£֮һʷӴͷİٻѨ룬˳žֱӽ뵤ˮľ͵㹻ͣˮԼܻᱬ
ˮֻȫעתϹǰѺȻçţ֮ն֮
ˮоǵܣԾͨƽ
ֻȴ޼£ǵܣǾҲͬˣˮоǵܣָоʹ˿
Ƶģʶоеģ
ۣ
ˮ֪ʱһ죬ľ·ҵйһĳȥܿ˫֮γһѭ
˫ȵǿ·ʹľһһµľѭȪۡӿȪѨ
һѭ˫ȵٶȣһ࣬ȫʵɣˮ룡
ˮﵽʮʮĿ֮࣬ٶһڼʹﲻʮʵٶҲϲˡ
һӿȪѨͨͽվĽնˮ࣡
ĻָԽʮǿҲӦóԽʮǿҲӦôﵽ˱׼Ϊʲôûͻ𡭡
ˮڤ룬ѵҪҪʥ
ѵΪʳҩɵΪȣ
񻺻ڰǣˮҲȥͷ۵⣬ˮν죬ȥǸν⡣
ҩٶȺܿ죬ײȣˮɷ壬رϴ̫ȭ
ˮصң˶оرľϲ˭Ҳû뵽ˮȻΪ칬Ͱ֮ľʵ̫Զˡ


ˮ磡

Ѻﱼ
ˮһһֱӱԶ౴쿴ˮٿˮױСѾͷֻԵ̾
ˮһСѾͷرˮ۾һ
죿
ˮȵĿһҶ裡һҶ΢Цĵͷ
ʮߣ
ˮǺǵЦţȻԶ౴һ౴ȻҲˡ
СҲˣ
ˮĺܿģĵһ죬ԼΪһЩܰ㡣
£ǰ󡣡
౴˵ԼΪߵʱ˷ܲѡ
һҶ軹ˮ⣬ΪԼߺ콣ڵģˮСһˮоܳϡ

ˮСѾͷЦߵǰ
ߣȻؼңȻһ˵˵
½ӹ˵
һſȥ֪ˮϢ˶ˣȻ޺չ嫲ûг֡
ˮ磬㿴Ҷ۷ôʱˣɾ޷ͻƣһң౴ͻˡ
ԿˮǰԹˮƤ
ֻȱȥ¸һȻÿʲôҲͨȭɷӡ
ˮСƿԪǿǵ
ˮԹˣǿǵӹܶȺǿȣӶӿԪȻṉ̀Ԫôڵģϻ˵ֱӾܸܵ޴ĺô
÷мӹ̸ڴɷ֮ĴȡܶȣϧˮĻûʲôЧҲƷʲãرµĺЧرá
ҲҪ
ҲҪ

ˮֱóʱ䴢ķָǣˮ׼ǵģ


545 һ죬ﻮ˿
˶ۼҩеĿУȻ޺չׯˮȥһׯ
ˮǱߵ鴦ˣ
ӿˮ΢Цţҳ˸ֱҡ
νһ˵õȮ죬Ҳİɣ
ãؾǺʹ顣
ˮӰ⳶ˣɴֱ˵ȥˡ
ŶУϲһ˲ţСǿҪˡ
ˮЦ
ң㲻㣿
գ˫ˮһĴ۾峺ǿҵΡ
Ĵеţ
ˮСӻҪģСҲСӡ
˶ǿĵĿˮ䷳СѾͷˮСѾͷÿһῨӡ
һһӹȥˣ
ˮ磬ʲô𣬴Ҷ˵أ
౴Ǹӣ̲סĴߴٵ˵
ǿǲȥȥطչ˵ȥݳǡ
ˮЦ౴Դ˵
磬ͷҶ˵ǴŮˣСˡ
౴ȴЦǺǵֹš
ȥݳǣȥʲô
¿ˮоҲ֪һѾˣҸȫȥôˮĸ͸ˡ
ˮµĶӣһ۾ܿ룺ףЩͲõˣںҲ칬ĵˣݣ˭Ҳĸֱġ
칬ĵҵˣ
磬Ҫ칬
ˮ磬ҲŪ칬ɣ

ˮȥչǵĻȥҺ⹫ˡľԼĸһܵڵʵѾ㣬Ҳ޷ͻˣͲȥ˰ɡ
˵
ǵҹ˲
ˮ£ĸģĸʲô֪ġ
ˮʵڰҲͦõģȻֻʵڰҲǿˣοǼң˶ĵط˵뿪е᲻á
Ԭӱ΢Цˮ˵
ҲºԬӱĻԱ¶Ųǲȥˮչ˲ˮһܲףһȥôˣһҪˮš
˵Ҫȥ౴Լ˴ʱҲסˣҪȥˣ
ڴݻģǴȥǵʵԾѵһӣ׳߳ȥ𡣡
ˮ˵
Ǹ˲ͷأǸ߲վھݴ½߲УжѪͨҲˡ
׺;˾˸оѾû̫ǰ;Բ׷⣬ӿЪЪҲתתݣлҴȥݴ½
ˮԥһº˵
ˮɣ⹫үү󣬿ǵ֧㣬Ǿȫȥ˵Ρ
Ц
ˮЦЦͷ
󲿷ֶˮ˵˵˵һЩݵش飬ͻȻ뵽ռơеĻܡ
иܣܲܺͨ
ˮŻСѾͷʵ
ܡ
شĺܿ϶ȻϲĿˮ
ǣǣ
￪ĵʵ
ߣǳȥ棡
ȫ˶ߵҩԺУˮóֻռơȻѻܷ˳ǰһȻеήҲ񣬵ǿȻܽ׳
ܿΧûоȴҲûʲôȤҪ۾
𣡡
۵ĺз
Ȼ˫ۣʵĿȴǲͣķ۵ĺһһ
ˮȵĿ£վȻ߹ȥȻﰫСǰ
һ˲ˮĸоرĸߴ󣬶ǰ˻ҪߴĻƺرС˳
ĵǿ󡭡
ˮ·𿴵ʮ󣬳ּ䣬ǧֻǿ޺ֱײûܴݻٵĶ
Сˮ˦˦ͷʱĵŻܵԴˮæóɾһЩ⡣
ιȥ
ˮϴαܾҪӦöˣ
￪ĵĽӹȻȥιֻܣˮĿ̻һĻܡ
ֻƬ̣Щͱ˾⣬ˮóһ飬ȻܣˮƵһαӡ
ЦĽӹȻ󶪸ܣһ̻ʵȥˮоʧܡ
ˮҲš֮ģ˵ܺȣҲܳΪһһѱʦɡ
ȥʱ˭򡣡
ˮʮԪݸ
úã
￪ĵĽӹԪ
һԪȥҪιڶʱȴʱ򣬻һ𣬻ðڵĻһ㡣
͵࣬ףΡ룬ɢ񱩵ڿޡ
ˮе㷢һԪѾȻ츳ߣ
￪ĵİʣµȫι˻ܣʱ⿴ߴĻʵȴǱܶࡣ
ϧһܺͽվƣǿȴЩ㣬ʹˣҲв
ﵽ˶ʮ֮࣡
ˮЩռơڲʱ԰
ˮʹ÷̸˵ııģ
ҵÿһĽĿôʱ䶼Ѿ֪ǸѱʦССѾֻ켶ޣֻʼ𣬸ǿԺһЩͼ۷ս
ĽģˮеĽҪ֪ݴ½Уѱʦĵλ൱ߵġ
Ҫ츳Ŭûʲôϵ
Ҳ֪ˮǣûкϸ츳СѾͷˮŮ
Ȼе󡭡
ˮҲܲ³ǵĴ˼ˮоĸ׶ڲˮŮˮϺһҶ賤رƣоˮһҶŮӦ˵һҶһǾˮڿʱǺϡ
ҲǺˮǸŮס
ɫˣ
ǳȥ棡
ã
Ҳȥ
һҶˮ
˻ȥģ˼һڣر¸¥ѣ¸¥΢ЦˮЦЦӻ֡
һˮоеᣬܸоԼŮ˲á
ˮһҶڹʯ£ߵĿԤһ£ߵһҶһױȡ
ѾʮˣԼ׶ԼõˣڰʱܸоԼĵ׺ͱ˵ĸĸͬҲ˵
ıǰߣҲΪˮһҶڳ˿ռ䣬ϾЩǲСѾͷ֪ġ
һֱ𣿡
һҶ迴ǰߵ˵
Ը̤ƽʨ룬Ҳ֪һУΪܿҸֵһѵ𣿡
ˮ˵
һҶ轿̲סһ𣬿ߵӣԽԽǰǸСˣǰԼʦоûʲôȴеԽܡ
һҶмˮ̬ȣԼ׸ŮԼΨһһѪԵϵˣˮĺܺáܺãĸҲνݼڣһҶΪԭ򶼻ˮһ˵ĸо
оһֱԼ飬ΪԼŬΪҵ飬ƺѾˡ
ѵôΪ˰Լǰʨ룿
һҶˮ
ȻһЩȴί㣬Ҳͷۡ
ˮ˵
ίί
һҶһʱûиףɻĿˮ
ʦҪ˵ĻһܵģΪСΪǡ
ˮűεЦЦ
˭˵ҼˣҲˣ
һҶ˽Թ˵һ䡣
úãޣޣˮе㷢ȡ
һҶ裺
ʦ
ɲԲʦ
һҶڸоʦرıŤˮ˿ǷޣǵĳƺԼʦ
ףߵĺ
ʱܻˮһҶ֮䣬סǵ֡
ҹֵĵط·ߵһЩСԣ廨ţʲôУϷɵġܵġˮεġġġ
ˮԼԱЩøãСԸգƺ£ϾС
Ҫ˼ըз⣡
ζͦʵģɬŮһβһˬľԺ
ԶвٵķԼĺΧһȦӣһ㳡תȦһԸһϷ
ΧһȦһԶҸһ𡫣
ףҲòã
￴ŲԶĺмˣԸˣСЦԶ
һԷ޾ˮҲľ롣
˵ſˮһҶ裡
ã
ˮ֪¸ԼͷԴȻȻһҶֻ֣ˮһҶ軹̲ס΢Ĳһ¡
˻תЦ⴫ˮȴǱԱߵһҶ跢˿ų𺳣


546 ǧӡ֮
סһҶ֣Ѿǵڶˣˮ֪ʲôоˮԼȥ롣
ˮԼеŮ񡭡
صҵʱ䲢һҶطϢˮھ¸¥ʱ뵽龰ŷֲû
ˮţݷ˵֪¸¥Ѳû˯˽ȥ
ˮŲûпķᣡ
ѣ˭ˡ
ﴫ¸¥ö
ˣ
Ѹ˵ĽеȻܶѹһ˫СѾ˳

ˮЦӦһСѾͷķȥ̷ˣ̷ҲˣԼĸŮԼŮʤˮǸİ
¸¥һ˯¿ڴϣˮ΢Ц˵˾䣺ˣ
ˮôоֵֹֹģϸһôʱˮֺٽŮ˵ķ䣬˵ûн
ˮѥϴСм䣬ˮ¸¥һ뿿ڴϡ
ҲҪܡ
СˣҲ֪һ㣬СʱȾߡ
㳤ôʱ򣬵ץòá
ˮűӣ˵ƭСǺġ
ˮϽóһСһЩóԵģȻСѾͷˮоͦεġ
ڸ˵һЩҲ˵ͨ
಻ࣿ
ˮŻ˯ŵСѣһֻס¸¥һֻģġ
࣬һҲ࣬ҺҸĺҸ
¸¥ׯ˵üɰǡ

ɾУ
ˮոתһ죬ȻǴɷ壬̫ȭͨȭˮѾõ޵Ŀڴɷ°빦
ˮĸܵɷĺô൱Եģľõǰӵĸо
ҲӴ󹥻˺ƻͱ
ƿˮٴ뵽˲֪İ취ɷ壬ǰĹΪˮľݡ

ΪӿȪѨĴͨˮٶȴߣˮٶҲһͻƣ
оˮɾ˲ٵ÷ƺƣˮÿҲһʱ侫ĳȫĵõɵʱҲջ
ǧӡ
ҲˮһֱǿĹˮܸоֵǷӦò򵥣ˮ֪ΪǧӡǾ˴ӡ
ϸˮҲȻˣǧӡ;˴ӡʵŵģǧӡǾ˴ӡĻ
Ľӡһһȴһ˵ĺг
ˮڿһǳɵĴ򵽵پʮŷһʱҲͻƲ˵İٷ
ƿ
ˮ֪һƿоԼѾﵽ۷壬ʱȻûͻƵİٷ񣬸ûнˣˮȴȻܸˣΪմļǿˡ
ˮɫĳ̶ȣǧѾﵽһĳ̶ȡ
ֻǡնоǻûʲôˮǺͻƵ徳һļöԷһ˲䡣
ϢһʼҩȻˮóǱġΪˮоںбҪѧϰеǸˡ
ЧĿվԭ޷ƶȴǿԶ֣ԷԹʱһʱ䡣
ﲻҪ󽫻Ч
һĶĶĶ֮һ궫ɹԼΪеķС
˻츳֮⻹͸˵ʵйϵʵߣʹ뻯ľ磬Ҳ޷ԽȼʵƣرֿԵ
ʵӰ쵼»ƣЩֲһЩˮõĽ𾫱ʺʯ̨
һЩϧصѪƤҲһЩá
ˮѾϤˣЧԭһʱ䣬оǿԽͶԷĿ
Ҳˮվʩչֲľ̤ŷⶨı̬ôˮ뵽ʶǸ峤ʮ׵Ľվһ̤ȥ˺ѵأഫ˵о޴޶˺ѡ
һ̤ˮԹƣڽվľ̤ﵽԲ磬һ̤ȥǿֲİʮ֮
ǰöԷסȻվľֱ̤ӳȥҪټ϶ƷЧ̫ˣ
ƼЧģǲסƤķеࡢǿҲơ
һһɣʱʱһһʱ䣡ɣʱûʲô仯һʱ䵽ʱУʱļʻԴһЩ˺߼ĶԲÿζܶסĿʱ䡣
ֲǸǮ⣬һҪĴۺͺķѵĽǮǾ޴ģرǸ߼úֱӿ԰һǿ߸
ϰ
ˮһʼֻʼһʣΪˮⶨǰļͬһʼֺѡ
һֱţˮſʼ»ҲԽԽˮеֻܻŷİٷ֮ʮ
չ֪ˮֻôʱ̶ܽһ֪ˮ
УˮǰܷƼ׷һжһֱӷ츳򵥵ŷֿһ㣬Ժͬޱȡ
ڵڶþǽԷƣ綨öԷ޷ƶһʱ䣬ʱﱻƵĿȫڱ״̬
еҲзؼֱӹҲȻҲѻ
׷׻֮׷ڻԣ
һֱɾʱˮֶĽֻаٷ֮壬ôܻɶʱѾǰºˣ
һ̫ȭָһܵ˵ĽȻǺġ
ϴ֮ʾ֪౴ͻƵ죬رˮ֪ڲʮʱͻƵ졣
Թ緹ˮͶŻׯȥڻĿٵķ£ʱѾϵׯ
ⲻԶɽ
һŵˮүҴˮ㣬ҲͻƵ죬ˮо⹫ɫǰ˺öࡣ
⹫үү
ˮ˿ʱĵĽе
ˮʲôʱģ
޿ĵ˵վ
չҲЦվˮƺرġ
쵽ǵġ
ŷȥһˮҴҵ뿪һ߾ǰʱ䣬ȴ̵ģǰÿγȥǼʱ䡣
ˮɴóɾдŵľƣִ𲻻˿壬á
⹫үү
ˮǲʲô飬˵ôͷ⡣
չЦ˵


547 ӳˣݺӣʦ
⹫үүȥݣ
ˮ΢Цſ˵
޺չ嫶ûϾܾҲû̴ӦĿˮƺ뿴Ҫʲô
ˮһҲԣȻǴ壬ҲʮˣҲȰǣҳүүûһԳġ
ԥһ˵
⹫õģϲһֱҺгϢڿǶ칬
ˮǺЦԼ칬棬ѼŪ칬Ҳ쾭壬ҲǺģ̤ʵ
Ǻ˶гϢֻ˵ù𣿡
ɻĿˮϾݳǣ칬ݶɡ
ˮ޴СųģȻˮںǿ󣬵޲֪ˮжǿ󣬼ʹǿоǸӡ
⹫칬ĵˣ칬һ˵㣬ĸ׺;˾Ҫ⣬ɣϴӦҴӦһԻⲻϵҲˣ౴Ѿˣʮߣǰ;
ˮʱԥʱϲ˵
칬˵㣿Ŷҿ֪칬кܶߣģ
ĬƬ̵ɻʵ
⹫־ߣֻҪ㹻ʵǲҵģҪүү
ˮ΢ЦĿչ嫣֪칬ҹչ嫣칬ԼչҲ֪١
չһֱû˵ֻǺЦվҵļ£οҲˮ˼ûбҪԼ
ˮĻſչ嫣ڶչ嫵ԽˮϾչ嫵ء
չǺЦͷ
ҲǵһˣҺүүͲȥ˰ɣˣ徲徲ɡ
ǱĴӦˮҪˡ
ϺүүȥǱ˭ĻҪϺүүء
ˮɲչ۷ڰǣ̫˷ˡ
ȵǣô
ڨڨЦ
⹫ǲңҲүүɣ
ʯ˵
ǺǣѾܿˣһϣҿ԰˵˵濪۽磬ǸѾͷ
޿ˮ˵
ˮҲĬ
ׯ޺չ嫴˰죬˳Żص˰ǣ
һҵˣȻѲ׺ºͻϵĻͲˣҵıǵˡ
ˣȫһģδģشҲһ֪ʲô˰ɣ˵һ°ɡ
ЦǺǵ˵
ˮأҿˣȱ˶ǧ򱶵Ŭ˵Ǵﵽ޷ﵽĳ̶ȣôҵĵطչ
˵ͣȻ£涼ǳĬû˵
ԣ벻칬벻ȥݳǡ
޿ЦǺǵʵ
ҲԸ⡭
ΨΨŵŵ˵
СӣǵСɣ벻ֱ˵ˮʵŪȥ㲻˵пܰڰǡ
Цһ䡣
Ը⣬Ը⣬Ը⡭
ˮЦ߹ȥסµ֣ס֣ףӳˣһĳˡ
򵥵һ仰ȴ˲棬Ҳ̲סᣬҲоޱȡ
ôʮ࣬ѾʮˣʮˮľͨͼŮҲ֪˲࣬رˮʲôӣĿá
˶֪ˮһֱ˵һ仰ԵĿп࣬Ϊˣ
һˣ
ºȴǿĵСˣ
ӳˣ
ˮǵһ˵仰һޱȣˮѾǶʮˡ
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ˮӰ۾һգգ·ҪˮĶӡ
̫̿ˣûǹ
˵뷨һõ౴ʱҲǰĿˮ֪ˮнĳɾͲֻ˾ͿԵģҪණܻġ
ԿˮҲȥҰζˣģˮôĺյĻôŬʲôڰǵңڵˡ

ˮһֱ̤ȥĲҲǼᶨޱȣɽˮжһֻػڹ꣬ȴǲء
ˣ
ƣ

ˮĶԽԽ죬ʹõʽȫǻеģɽһֻ󷭷ɵĺ
һĹΣ
˿ˮӰ·һֻ޴ͻһ㣬ķжַ紵
ӷ磡
ˮĽ뵽ҵľ磬ʲôҲ룬۾ˣеһ·𶼿ԿһҲ˿
ԭΪﵽһ̶ȣֻ۾ԿʶĶܣʶٴξ٣
֣
ˮֲϵƵжֱƵĸоԼԼֵĻɫ
֪ˮѾɽۣ
ͻɽϣ
ͻȻˮͷŶһȻȻķɢһʱİɢȥ

ĻһըףͻȻˮһ˺гһĻɫӰ
ˮ￴Լ֣
Ȼٴδ
ȻǳһɫӲûбֻһֻһеϢ
ξȻͻԲ磬һͨĻ˺ߵȻϴǸ磬ԼһҲֻܴ
ʲô磿
ˮ΢Цţ
ⱾҪˮڸˣôҲû뵽ξȻЧľǴﵽˡɡ磬ûǴ򲻳Чġ
ǴԲɣ
ˮԲ綨һ׵ľ磬һҲף
ˮվɽȺɽٿɭ֣ڷĴӣһ飬ʱˮѵıأҲʺϻĵطû뵽ԼĻξȻ˻μޣµľ硣
죬Ȼ֪Ѿ˲һʱʱˣԶڿԼˣһ˲رĸˡ


551 ص칬Ͻܽ⣿
ˮĹ̿ѾʼϾǰˮʩչΣٵĶ˲ٵĶ
Զæϰһеĸĳһʽظϰ
¸¥վ۾΢΢ϣһƬ꣬պˮ

ˮæɫֹңȻС˭ҲһĶ
ˮҲǸоرļԼþûжˣ֡سɷ𡱵Ķĺö
ˮ¸¥ʥׯգҲһƬοһŮӣˮϣҸϣǿ
ͨţϧеˣԼлģӭĵһ
һͻ쾳綼ûжһνһԾʱֻǲ֪ζܳŶʱ䡣
һһӾѾǲˣܶ˶Ǽʱ䣬ȷڷ㶻ǶʵǾǶûб仯Ƿ㶡
ʱܿȥ˰ʱ¸¥տʥ࣬ׯʱʥˮĵĿ¸¥ʱܳһ㣬ٳһ㡣
һʱ
¸¥Ľëһ󶶶˫ǳһ˵ƺ˱仯
һ˲䣬һǿƻ

ǻХľ޴ĻХˮ컢Хͬ¸¥ɢĻХһֺصĴһִ͸
Ȼ¸¥һʽִ
˻
һСָߵĻɫ֣ͬʱ¸¥ȫһƬİɫΣ
ͻˣ
ˮ΢ЦſŻԡŹεӺŮˣٶȱԼҲѷɫʼˡ
ż꣬¸¥һŮӵʼߣ
رһӣ౴Ҳڣȸı
౴ͻѾ˺ܴˣ౴ҲΪ˻еССģȴǸое㲻˼ˮߵŮˣƺһǿޱȣҲǺܴСһֻԼѡ
ɢȥ¸¥ĵĿΧȻ󿴵Χ˶һԿԼҲ֪´򣬲˼ǿĵŴ˵лл
ɩӣһ˿ɶ
ԺٺЦ
ǣ
໢Ҳ͵

һС󣬴ˮ˵£һʺεĵطһСӶͣеĻȥˡ
ˮ¸¥ŮµһЩҲҵһЩҰˣһЩزˣˮЩϻǿޱȵġ
ٷҳԵĺܿģˮǿģͻˣǱڵĽվҲ˿ѷɫϾվ󲻻ɣǰ޷Ըޡ
¸¥ѾͻƵʣټһǿߣҪ¸¥ˮ¸¥ԿǿޱȣΪˣˮļֵҩҲԷˣǰе˷ѡ
ҪǻӵĵСѾͷˮǺܸߵģѱǻܣʳԪʵҲֱӱǵͼ۷ʵͼ۷ʵҲӵĹ
ֻܹȴǱ̬Ҫûܵǿ󹥻ǻ𣬲ǵ幥幥ҲǺǿ޵ԡ
ˮٴνɾ
ٴһΣ˫ۻӶָ֮оرĳ죬ÿһһֱըԵˮ֪Լ㲻ż
ȷһεľΪˮʮҲԭˮ֪ԼεľˣֻоŻ顣
ʮıˮ˵ʵǲֵһᣬܱûǿҪ֪ھݴ½һöʮĵҩ۵ġ
ǰ¸¥Ҳˣˮ˵Ȿʮʲô¸¥˵ȴǾ޴ʵһʳ١
һֱ˴˰ʱĻΣˮͣ
ܵ˵ˮоǺģϾڿǿĴͻȻ뵽öʯ
óϽܣˮﻹǺܿĵģܽӡʯͷ֪ܽ⿪ϽܵĶٷӡ
쿴Ǳʯ֣ˮоȫ⿪Ͻܵķӡ
ӡİ취ܼ򵥣ʯȻ뵽ϽУһǺѣϾѵӵϡʯͷ
ӵʱϽܷһƬ貵ɫâǰ貣ǾӨɫ˾̾
Ͻܣݴ½ԶʱڵƷã
ʹЧʹϽܵһı׶ܣԵԷɵĹʱ
ʹϽܹʱԶɵı
ʹﵽһ
״̬ӡ
ˮǼһʹöܻʱɵĹ
оǽٶȵѾûˣϽܻǴĶˣϽܵˮоٶһ˲١
ô˵ǰǼɵٶȣһɵٶȣȻоһɳĮϽܣԼˡ
ţǱӡ
ˮ˺Ǹ״̬ȻǱӡ⽵ٶȵѾ⿪ˣٴǿ˲٣ΪʲôǱӡأ
Ƭ̣ˮоǸ£ܽ⿪ǽⲻҪⲻҲûʲôһ⿪ˣϽһǿ
վͻ棬ֻĽҰصˮ԰ĵɾ

ڶ쳿˶Լ磬ʱһڿΣνʱ˺ͣطϰξǵֵ칬ƺҪʤһ
ˮûȥϰΣǴ̫ȭϰӡ˹Ժ󲻹ܷʲô飬ܰ
̫ȭָһǣǽһЩεҪעĻһЩţܶ࣬¸¥Ҳš
¥ھϺһҲ԰һЩ˵˵
ˮЦǺǵ˵
ţҲǿǰϰ֪ľͻˡ
¸¥һĨΡ
ٶ٣Ϊ⾳ڻõĵطͻϵȵġ
º󡫣
ˮһ˴ﵽݳǣˮֱӴ칬ɽϣ
һ˲Ϊǽһ£ϾԼˣڲģˮҲ˵
ĳȵĺʹ˵׺ºͻҲǳĵĺʹҴкû
үӣллˮչˡ
ŲĹм˵
ֻ֪ľȹˮֻƾһ㹻ˡ
ӣһˣҪô
رĿģĺܿġ
һڲﵹǸպãӵ
үӣһʱ칬ûзʲôɣ
ˮʵӲĵüԿûз顣
ûУһ˳յʵˣҲˣȨΪˣһֱϱòϡ
ֺǺǵЦ
޷ʵ˭ĵҪֻҪȥı£һ֧ڽ
ˮ˵
ˮסŵİ֮ļߵ¥УҲиչˡ
ףǾʱסһʱ䣬ҰݳǵķӺ͵Һúٹȥɡ
˰ŵķӺˮ˵
ţû£ˮæģš
ǶҪ칬𣿡
ˮ΢ЦĿ౴ˡ
ˮ磬Һүүǵʱ뿪ɣҴﵽڼ칬
˵
ԵĻˮһСӿһֱż칬Ȼȥһ켶ӣھȻ˺ܴľģĺǿ
ûдﵽĶ˵칬˵ܻ칬Ĺأôһ˵ˮĵġ
칬౴
ˮźɽȥ
һβˣˮ֪Ǹôˣǰȥˮɲôһǿͷȥ
ԶԶؿյϴߵʱŸմ죬ļҪȥˡ
Ųĸϻͷˮ΢Ц֣ͣ
ðɣ
ãлл㣬Ǹջ
С죬оô
ˮѾﵽʳĸ˵
ҩ̫ˣرһʼʱʵһʱ
˵ʱҸЦݡ
ˣҲҲˣڿʼɣ
ˮʱʱ䣬һĲԳ꣬յꡣ
һԼӴȣϵһЩѨ˳ɶȻ˳һΣյġ
ʱ
ֻľͻʱʱ䣬СʱȥˣˮҲЩ̱Ԫ΢ϴ跥Ч
ֻһʵһʵָʵȻˮһΣʵľҩڳԹһκ̳ԵڶΣʹӴҩҲûʲôЧܲס
һ̶ϿǱܣҲһɺӵĹЧ


552 䣬ºҵׯ԰
ӸǻһҲ͹ȥˣɾĴڣˮǸоʵеʱ̣ܶһһ͹ȥˡ
У౴칬ΪĴҲ칬¸¥ʦװ˫Ҳ칬µûƮ
཭Ҳµ˰չڶûм칬˲Ϊûдﵽ쾳Ϊ𵤴ﵽģչ嫣ˮҵġ
ʹˮǸое㲻ģһʱˮúһ˵ʵԼ뿪ʱԱ
칬ĵڶ죬ˮɽȥҺʵĵƤ۵¥ˮڲǮɾͲƱѻ˲١
ˮһ칬ɽȻݳǵУݳǵĵ·¥ǵĵ·̫ˣ¥Ҳ߶ˡ
Ϲȥ޻һЩҲǸߵ࣬Ͼݳǣһ֮ĵطͨҵɡҶġ
ˮĿĵȺţĿߵĸߴ¥¥ĸ߶ȲرߣҲʮ㣬˸оǼ̺ΰƲ
ǮסĶׯ԰ռеļɽˮءľ̨ͤ¥һһȫһ۾ܿЩһǮסĵط
·һҲĴ·֮һҲǺʫ⣬ʲôǵˮֵ֪Ҳ֪
һ·Ͽ˼ģˮǰѯʣԷۣˮҲǺ⣬Ըɴûг߼ۣȻֱӰгһ
½½Ŀ۵ķӣֻ̫Сˣ
ˮûǰѯʣٴοģϾﷱޱȣϴ¡һ·ϲׯꡢǮׯ̡¼׵ꡢҩꡢҽʤһⶼǲԺⲻеĲŻۣҪǨ뿪ݳǵĲŻ۷ӡ
ʱʧܿ͵ˣˮоرƣǮҲȥѵҪƤԼ죿
ˮҡҡͷõֻʵˮԼ칬ݣݳҪʲôطҪˮˮųΪοԼﻹеǮҲûá
ţ
ˮ˷ܵһӣۣҪط
ˮԼƺҪһ㣬λþ⡰ǵҲõλˡ
ռׯҲ࣬ݳһƬׯ԰ֵǸ֣һ˸޷ӵׯ԰ġ
˵ӵׯ԰һǲ۵ģһˮˣȻǺҡ
ˮԥվǺҵıңΪʲôҪϼׯ԰ˮһʱоر˷˼
Ҫ֪Ĵң˭Ҫ˵ȱǮֱӻᱻĭ񺣼Ҫϼҵׯ԰ȱǮ˭
ѵҪ뿪õ뿪ݣ
ˮͻȻ뵽ԽԽпܡ
Ųˮ߽ĺҴţſһŵĶûˣ߱Ѱ˼⺣ׯ԰Ҳ
ֻˮоӦòô׺ģȻӦҲֲԼˣһȴЦˣΪˮоϷ
һſվ˵ЦˮæסڣһŨü۵΢Цˮ˵ʲô𣿡
ׯ԰Ҫ
ˮ΢ЦĴ
һߵһС۾΢ֵ˿ˮۺҲΪˮһº˵
˱Ͳ࣬ˣټһׯ԰ۿȥҲˣǸС۾ֵԺ
һ·Ҳûʲôˣ
ˮС۾ͣһȥ廪¥ǰȻŻ˵С㣬Ҫ򷿡

ŵһֶ˵Ĵԡ
룡
ˮͷһ߽¥УȥһǾݴ½Ľ񣬵һ϶ǿ
һŮվڿм䣬Ц޳ţ֪ԵϢǽŮ˺Ů֮ķԡ
㣡
֪ŵ΢΢ԾľɢһֵȻϢ
ŮǺ䣡
ˮҲǼŮˣɥϣֻһμȫݵŮǷ֪ŵϼϾգڲκŮ˵ˮ̾ķ绪޿ƥС
Ҫۣ
ˮ΢ЦջĿ⡣
ǰҪ
üչƺһرá
ţǵġ֪ҪʲôǮ
ˮֱ˵⡣
˵ɣȥ㵹裡
ˮõĲ輸Ȼתһȥ
ˮΧò̫ݻҲ˸оǸ֮ңӼҾ߶װ綼Ǹߵεı׼ոµġ
ǽɽһıѩصͼããģеҰһƬѩ׵÷ѩиͦΣη䣬мһСıɽһ޼ʵı
ǳɫģǽҲǣȵļˮоⷿƺе㵭ˬر
ܿ캣һľ̳һ裬ֻѩ׵ıӣһкͺϵһѩ£֪ҲǸϲѩɫŮӡ
õˣ
ˮһߵ輸档
ûУ鷳ˣ
佫ֻ豭߷Ĳ㼫ȴǺ֮
칬ǲǺæ
ǳЦĸˮݹһ˵
ˮæӹǵûУջ칬鶼ʲôҲء
ǣˣ
ԼǱЦ
ҿû˵ôãֻûʱ䡣
ˮҡҡͷЦ
ЦЦˮĿƺˮرĺһ㡣
ңҺ棿򷿵ġ
ˮĲȴŵ𺳵ŮЦ
䲢ûв˼ЦøӿˣһǶܺ棬治֪ôģô;Ȼﵽ߶ȣ۾ݴ½Ҳûмط˿ʹΪˡ
˵ˣ˺棬С޷԰ΣҲС
ˮҲûп䣬ǲ뿴̫ˣ಻һ׵ľ룬ϵĵ㶼ŵǰҲ˺֣Өѩ͸˵Ĺ
ҶСкû뷨ġ
Ц˵
ǰرǰʱŮˮҲǶ࿴ۣѿˮǸʱˮʲôҲ뵽ʲôΪŮ˸˺ԸܼԦġ
˵°ɣҸоӦҪ뿪˰ɣ
ˮ˵̧ͷĺ䡣
¶ˣûнǾ˵ׯ԰ɣׯ԰Ǯ
˵еЦǰƺɣ칬档
ˮЦЦҿԲµϾҲȱǮ
С㣬㿴ʲôԻׯ԰أ
ˮûȺ˵ʵ
Ҳ֪ʲôԣֻҪͺá
˵
ˮһ㶣Ȼ˵˵ŵģģУҲԾǵĽס
һ治˵㿴ɣׯ԰ˣоֵʲôĪĺö̫ˣʲôУҪѸоܽĶó
俴ˮЦ
ˮЦЦȻɾóһ·ڲ輸ϣô
һ㶣ò˵ĺֻܲһ಻¾Ҫһټׯ԰˵ȥ
»
ʱһ˲
ǣ£Ȼ󿴿٣㿴Σ
ˮ΢Ц˵
Ŀˮ˫˸Ҫˮһֻǰˮ΢΢
ã
΢ЦǼת¥ȥ
һᣬһӵʱ䣬侪ȵĴԭǼ±ģûдһ㣬۶˷ܵɫ
ٴˮ棬һգգĿˮ
˺С㣬ˣѾŮˡ
ˮӿЦ˵һŮ˵ĿⶢҲܲ
㣬СӲѧãЦˣ֣֪ΪʲôôʱȻദĺɣҲ㣬ԼûһֻСһ㡭
أҺ⣬ֻǡ
֪ˣ޷ǸʵˣҲԿ
ˮóһ˫ѥӡóһ󻹵Ѩͨ
ݸ䣬ôһׯ԰һ»ˮԼо˼飬ҲҴС̫ϲˣһʱ䲻֪ΣҲ˼ۣϾ¼ֵҲСֻ޵Ƥһ͹ޱȡ
󻹵
ҩĺ侪ȵ˵
ʶⵤҩ
ţĺʹ˵еĿҪһ㣬ҲԺĴ󻹵ˡ
伤˵
Ĵ󻹵
ˮеɣԼĲǴ󻹵ʲôĴ󻹵
Ĵ󻹵ھݴ½ǿҩƷټȴڣЧҲǺǿ׹ǣȱ첲ٸȣȱʲôܳĲλÿſܳõĳʵֻһáʵʱһʱһӣʲôЧ
΢ЦĿˮɫеϣġ


553 󣬸
׹ǡ
ˮû뵽ݴ½Ҳд󻹵һǿ׹ǵҩֻԼĴ󻹵ûЧҲͻָһЩǿƣʵ΢һЩ
ѵΪ󻹵ƷʲΪԼĴ󻹵;ݴ½Ĵ󻹵ҩ
ˮ̲סţҪ֪׹ô󻹵Ϊ˵еĵҩ
һʢеĴ½ȱȣмǿߺ࣬д󻹵ôһԻԼҪණ
ָֻܻһЩƣһɵʵʱһʵһʱ䡣
ˮ΢Ц˵
С΢ţһȣǺܿıͣǰһӵ̬ˮһɫİĿƿ
俴ˮɫоһɣƻҲϲ͵ԼûˡǰԼȴǿƵĺܺãָоᣬоƤǺܺ˼
ˮ֪Ůӵ뷨һ᲻ĿһˮֻǱʶڿܣΪˮմŮС
⼸ҶϲҾմ˶Ҫ˺òã
俴ˮٿϵļ
ЩõõģԵĻǵĽ׾ô
ˮվ΢Ц˵
ţ£ȥЩͷ֤
ܿ˫ӺãˮҲǺܸˣôҲû뵽Ȼ򵽺ҵׯ԰ںǵ⺣Ҿһĺλá
ˮҲ֪⺣ǵƺͺйϵ
ҪˣԵټ
俴ˮЦЦƮȻȥ
ˮĿͺ뿪Ȼˮںׯ԰ÿһ¥ȥļҾ߶ոµģˮ֣ݴ½иϰףùĶҾʲôĶҪ߻ֱ٣ԼùЩǲñãбҲá
ˮ㶨ƹһЩڿˣ¿ֱֱӰˡ
㿴ˮϺҵĴţѾˣ

ʱ
׾Թ϶һʱһŶ
ƽ꣡
ݳǣ
ң
ûʵңǰǺңǰѾˣһչܿļ塣
տʼһЩ£ҵֱӴߡԷݳһеĶ塣
һûӵĶҲԭ˭סģңܴӺׯ԰һ
ԲѷҪϷ¸¥ֱӱ¸¥ɱ֪Լҵ棬ǱһûʲôļģһûзʲôֱӴǰ
ܿϧˮڣֱӾǽԷȫ£ļҲһҲݳǵϲ֮
ͬʱҲ֪Һ칬ܲɷ֣칬ǿıңһӣͥС
칬ĸ壬ԼܱߵҡɶһһǰأκҽõĻᣬ˭Ź֪ҩҩĴжҺ
˵Ӱ
һкȻⲻ˾͸ɴһкˣ󲿷ʱˮסѾΪҵ»칬Ҳѽվ⣬˶ǿޣرչ嫡
ʱȥˣ
ҵı仯ǺܴģֻвԸɽȫﵽ죬Ҳﵽˣ֮
һжˮĿǵĽӹϾ񵤡ᵰǿǵԪ
ﵽֱӼ뵽칬칬лȫģˮֱɽʳ𵤡ʵڲϲǰֻˡ
ˮĵҩ£չҲ۷ĿʵˣҲݳڱȲĻҪǿһЩʵ
׺Ѿǿ۷壬ʼۻ״̬
ҲЩӵĿһʵģʧ˫Ҳ弶ʵûˮĵҩһ飬ǰϴ跥ʱ䣬˵ûлָ䣬ͷ۵Ѫǻָĺɫ
ڵҲ֣ܿ˴úܺãʱ䣬Ҳ֪˭ãĺá
˫ͻƵ弶ˮ⣬ΪҲŮͼϵŮӣڷֵļŮͼϵŮУʵ͡
ʱ䣬౴ܴѾ弶ʮʮСѾͷѾǸǵСŮˡ
ѷɫֻܣٴһףʵҲһ֮ࡣ
ݲ˲۵ȥˣοǫѷҵҲû˿Ű裬µĿڱѡ
ˮڸ칬ɽ
ΪǸƵһΣָܻܲͿˣ
ˮĸе㼤ˣˣԼһĹԡ
ϣ
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ˮһɾͣɹˣǰΪµʱͿˣ˭֪ԽԽѻͬʱҲ֪ĿƷ̫ˡ
ķѵʱ;ֱǿֲҲ֪չΪʲôڻֻǸ߶ȣΪʲôڶķ׭
ͬʱҲ֪зɾˮ뵽зоеͷƤ飬һŷҪʱ䣬ʮꣿûɾǶꡭ
ܻз˱ţڻţһҪŵر񵤣߱˵еʥ
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СҲẦ߰
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ƿˮһܿˡ

㣬һȥɣٵҲһܰһæ
ŵ۳˵
۳ǰˮ˼һʱе㸴ӣˣʶҲмˣҲһμĶزûԶ˫ķԭеҲôᡣ


555 ˿
۳ɵĺԶ
ԼСʱͰԼ͵˼ʮĸҪԼӣԼܺõʦҲҪԼ죬Լ常ȴҲҪԼ޸Ķӡ
ģ߱׵˶ˣʼųκˣرˣһֱˮʱɱԼС˵ġ
ֻʱܳһʮΣȻûмˣȴǰһӡ
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ŮҲǺ֣ر۳ŮӣݲԼа۵㣬λֳҲС
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556 ɾ
ˮһƷµŮӣܿϵ׷ȥ̹ǰǰ˵Ѫһš
޳ķ۾ѩͦεŮ岻˶󣬵ȴǷ̣ͦһָպղסԾˣˮӾ͸о

ˮ˫޵Ĺһ˲ٴԶתˮıŻһڵľȴڲͣѭ
һӴӽϴˮ壬̨һһ˲ˮоȫͷƺ徻ˡ
һѭͻȻˮоƺͨʲôˮ۾һˮָһϣġ
ѭԺûٵõʲôˮµĻȴιΡ
˫۵ĻˮһŵĿˮ˵Ŀʵ
弶ʵ
ˮое㲻˼飬ʵˮԸܵƺ˲١
ˮǿҵĸоͲ׺ҲŮͼ˵ַ֮壡
ˮȲʼµŮˣʴǵĸо˲䴫ˮȫһ顣

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ˮŻĽգһִڵ㣬úĵĺλûɢȥɫŵ˹
һֱ˰ҹˮŻ˯úˣŻ뿪ˮΣҪѣӢڣ
ˮԼɢ˴ϣͬʱˮҲоеԲǣԼһҹĳ¶ܸ
صԼˮһɾʹˣ
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Ȼˮûȥʯ￴Ҳ֪ɾˣɾþûɾȻˡ
뵽ǰǺͻһ飬رһ̸ое仯ʱˮѾɵˣرǸܵӣӵĻرĿ͹ۣǰйһθоˮʱ뵽ҲɾֻҲֻһѲȷ
ǰһκͲ׺»ʱѾþ٣ˮȥա
һͻɾˮ֪Ų׺µһ빦ͣȻֻͻҲҲ޷ɾ
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ʯĴСûб仯ˮе㼤Ŀʯ
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һ㣬
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ˮһ̤ʵɾˣɾϽ棬һνʲôϡ
йһ꣬һ죬ÿʮţԵӶõԵĹﵽ°빦ЧйӷߵʵӷߵʺҪǿ÷иӾ
ˮԷеĹӻеľȣϹǿйʱﵽһٶȺǿȡ
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ˮû뵽һϲйھݴ½Ҳ൱ϡеĶҪ֪ⶫرġ
һֻҪһŻźԼϵйԼϵĹ϶һɾֻͣйȥˣǿս
ÿʮŷԼей
ͻȻˮ뵽˾ݴ½ͻҪļֹӣͬҲйˮ֪ǲʲôϵ
ˮоԼйӦҪѷɫ٣ϾӿԳʮţˮоȾݴ½˵ʥҪϲ١
عˮʱȥ룬ȿýĿɨ
ǧĻʮ꣡
ǧǧʮ꣡
ǧѪ˲ʮ꣡

ֻǧҩݾʮ֣ˮޱȣֻЩһʲıˡ
ȻЩûˮ˷ޱȵĸоой˲һ㡣
ôһɾŵģԶӵɾˮ˵Щǧҩݿڶʱڱǧݵĸ߼ҩġ
βѣ죬ÿΰβЧÿӷٽ΢ľ񡢼ӹ̾ǿĸоÿʳʮʮûЧζҩơ
ģˮرģǽǻβ棬Ҫǲɹۣǻβֳô
βһһƣҲɼˮͷڳˮؿĵЦˡ
һꡰһöӣúаٷ֮һļʻջ񣬱ٶȷͻһ磬򹦷а塭
ˮŪˮ֪Ǹöеһöӣٷ֮һĸʡ
ʹɾʱ䣬һöҲҪʱ䣬ûɾʵоӵôһҲǸɰͰ͵Ŀţ꣬ߵһԪߵһԪ
һöˮ뻹ԣоУϾνİٷ֮һĸһġ
ʷһѣֻӿҩٶȵһɣʷÿһΣһʮֻʷ䶼ʼʵʷ۷ʵسٶȿ죬ÿԵõʮʷ
ʷǱܺǿȣ
ҿ
ˮ̲סֿڣһȺʼʷХȥиֻ۷ʷٶȻܿ죬Ҫжˮġ
ĽѾ൱ḻˣ滹УˮŲæĿȥˮֻϽȻȥա
ǧʣڶ죡
Ϲ㡢衢ʮ꣡
ɾʱһȶ٣ÿɾʱʱ


557 գ׼
һˮһǳˣȻɾʱÿʱûб䣬ֵˣԭһһʮڵĶ٣࣬һ¿ռҩݺһЩԼˮﶼӿ˲ٶȡ
ܵ˵ˮ൱ģԺˮ̿ʯԶҲǰڵλãԾ׵СС֮ͬǰЩƺҪ߳һС룬ǰЩʲôĵҲֻһװ룬йס
йһһĹȴ״ͬɫһơˮ̡졢࣡
СͬҲȭͷСȴɢŵĹΣ״«°벿֣ˮԸܵǿ֮Щǿˡ
ˮѾЩֱȥȫժɾĹ򣬽Ķһʼǳǳġ
ʮţľˮʮţ
ȻҩҵЩر۵ǧҩݣɫɢЩǧҩܱȵġ
ˮһ飬ֻÿʮ꣬һ궼࡭
ˮرߣѾǳˮأһСһˮѰǸ㣬βȻ࣬ˮһ۱㷢ˡ
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Ҳ˵Ե֣ҳɾƣò˵ɺϣ־Ƶ䷽ƣֻҵľõһЩǧ껢ǺǻݣɾӦһֳɾƵıرݡˮ¶ĺԲݣľƵƷִۿۣӸɣˮɴѻǾƵҩæӹϾǰˮѾҪĶ˵ˣӣҲӡ
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ˮʨޱûжܲһ־壬־ǹصĶľûʲôã;綾ںϿ綾һĶԣҩںҲɱҩԣŵر˵һЩĵҩҲԺ־ںϣҩԳɱӹЧ־޼۵ģֻϧһֻˮʨŲСָСľ壬Ծˮʨ޹ضˡ
һˮŮӺܲѧƺܶĶֱɢϢˮҲоں
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ͫǰץˮʨΪ˻ȡһЩƸģ߻ȡһЩΪҩʲôģǵʵӦץˮʨޣֻͫһصС洫ģ֪ʲôʹɣ˿׷⣬쳣˿ųǿճԣʲôһı
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һϵʱ䳤ҪΪЩҩеණͷˣɾˮоʡö鷳
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ˮĻԶüͷ𣬶ˮǿҵŭ⣬ڿԼ򶨡
ɳ̲ΧѾΧ˺ܶˣΧˮйͨ˶ӣϵˮǵЦȴԽԽŨˡ
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ˮûκα仯ñ𲻳۵ԼϢĸ˻ǿġ
ЩӵܺܶСߵĿˣƽʱ˶Ƕߣǲ𻹶㲻𣬽ͰЩӵܹߵһ۾ͷϡ
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ˮΣ綾ĶˮɲҰŵˮУֻŪһСһˮأҾǰˮغԶ
ˮзɾˮˮųѪˮѪŽȥѪﻶζʱĵЦˡ
ĶֺûҲж޶綾֮ҲҲǱޣܳ綾֮ĵطҲֵĵط
ɾʺ϶ɳϴӶڵĶԣöڵĶԸǿ
ˮٴδˮǶЩжĶûȤģǱСжйڶǿ
ƶ
еĶ
ٴζһźЩҪжĲϣõúˣԻ˼ɵ
ٴֻѪ꣬ˮֱӶɾ
ƯһӶˣǰƺ˺ܶ࣡

ˮ͵קһˮһ
ߣ
綾ߣ
һīİߣףǺܴĶˣϸ۷⣬ˮֱ˦ɾ
ż
Ѫ
Ыӣ
ˮĸ
ܣ
ѩ
ϳݣ

һˮĶǲ٣ֻÿһֶǶ綾ֻǿѪʯͷ֪ûо綾
طҲֻԼһЩʦ˳ʵǿޱȣȻǺΣյġ
ʱ仺ʧˮõжˮֲǷǳɹ۵ģвǡеĳֵĶ
ˮûԶѾü飬رǶڡϡ͡Լ䶾Ǽ
ƿ
ˮŵĴƿѩȭͷСմһǣһ뿪ѪɫˮȻһˮҲմ
ʲô
ⶫѩȴ߹󣬾ԲԼĶˮܺ棬ûд򿪣ֱӶɾ
ͻȻһɲĸоӿˮͷָоԽԽǿңԥˮվŻȥ
ΪˮܵĲ
һֱ˺ԶǸо̽ɾ
ģ
ˮɾʱ򣬺ըһ޴ѪˮĻ
һֻѪֱףڰҵѪߣһ޴ĺһϿգľ޴ͷ˵Ѿͷ
ˮɾпޱȣ
Ѫ
Ǿ޴˺ѵصƣˮԼ磬Ҳ̾ɾԼһ
޳ڿеĳѪȻ𼶱ޣˮԸоѪʵͷƼ޵ʵҪǿҪѪɢϢҪΣպܶࡣ
ڳѪյʱˮһ۾סˣ
ȻŶ

ޣ
һֱʮףͨһսܳˮ棬ǰһ˻
޴Ķ޴ڻ棬ǻһ޴ͷ­Ҳ̫񣬿ͷҪܶࡣ
˵ԵսޣЩҥΪ޿̫аڲű˵Եޡ
ýͳѪͬӨ񣬵ˮ֪һһһа
򣬴Һ뿪
ˮɬţ


573 ޡѪ
˿˿
Ѫڿһ޴һɨԶޣڿһ޴ĺɫۡ
һ̨̤һǾ޴β޴һƬһĳѪ֫ųѪ̤ȥ
ģ
޴󼤵Χ类˺һ㣬Ҳǳһľ޴Ĺ֡
ؼ·ըһɳʯ
Ǵϴ򵽵ϣʱҲˮϣǾ޴ˮоͷƤ顣
ˮƵ˫һֱ幥ڡͼסˮ֪޶Ŷġ
Ȼˮ뵽еԭ޵ĿԾԳߣһУԹƷĹֱӡ
ֻˮ뷨һ֣ͼͻȻһɫ罣һĶ׿ʮ׳ųѪն˹ȥ
˿˿
ѪѸ𣬾ͷҲУ
ͣ
ɫҺصıڿУ
ϬĹ
ˮͷƤĿǹѪûѪܣǰĳѪѸкܴѧʣһһÿһ¶ĶһС֣˺ȻȫѪԵģȴǽ˺ƽ
ˮоѪƺѷɫһʱĳѪȴȻٶһ
ۣ
ǣ
˻˻
Ѹٵĳˣ޴ϳһѪģƣѪͬһ罣һɫ壬ֻǲǰĿ𺳡
ۣ
ˮеȵս˫ƺٶ˲٣

ʱ仺ʧ˫ԽԽأȴǲûֵͣ˼˱Ǹ
ˮ򷨣ʱҲûпܣˮɾˣҲûˡ
ֱŻɳȥ
ջʶˮɾǿԴһµʱ䣬Ҳʱʱ䡣ˮһԲߣȻˡ
ˮھӣݾ޴ģ˵˫һʱͳȥأֻܵȡ
ɾ⡰ʱʧĺܿ죬Ϊʶ棬ͻʱͬҲԭˮһͰʶ˻

ˮǿԼԴϴαǰϵƾ衶»ָ͸Լʲô¶ܶ¾һܾܿͻҲܶ
ΪֻҪһϣͻȻͻ𡭡
ϣãҲҪȡ
ˮսʤԼŬһֱֻʣ²ʱʱˮͣڼˮûв鿴κζ
ֻˮûиһϣͻڻҪǰ⣬ʶ͸ˮЦ˫ս
ֻƺˣѪβʹѾˣӯӯѪ͸ĴԴϹһֻۣҲȳһȡ
ԡѪƺ˵ģ𼶱ǺǿģϹ۾β;ûа취ҵЩ׹ǵŵر
ˮһ׼ãʵᵽ۷壬ΪѾȲˣֻ߳ʱͻȻһˮܾõĶ
¯Ǹ¯
ӿͼĻ¯һЩˮܶϣرǵݺʹүү
Ҳ֪٣
ݴ½ǽʬŽ¯Уǡ衢ƤеľΪһ塣
޾
ʵҲǺˮġ֮ͬЧֻǳƳ޾⻹һļƳƷֻϣãһָĶǺöͷʣȻĶ޵ĵȼйϵ
ˮʶҲйģϹǿĸӸܣֻǱˮˣ
޼ģ֣һ޵ʬ壬ʬ壬ʱ䲻ܺܳмʵ޾ߺСʵõⶫ
;ݴ½һģֻˮһֱûã
ʣµһֱӱˮˣҪֻŵޣмʽһֻ޵Ĳʵ뵽һֻϡɹ޻Ϊߵѱޡ
ɹֻʮ֮һ
ˮҲķʽõһЩޣԼΪѱʦһǳɹʾֱˡ
ʵĻиԭ򣬾ΣյģرǿޣһֻҪǿľʵ̫࣬ƹлֱӱ
ҲԭˮԸԣɹʣΣգһЩͼûʲô˼ԵˮûгԹ
ʹˮҲ볢ԣ黹ûеԵһЦǿֻ𼶱ޣκһֻпɱԼ
ó¯ŲϴСϹע룬ǰת۷ȫ¯ע롣
һ˲䣬¯Ϸ߲ʹΣޱȣ
ġ
ˮеʶ²ϵӿ¯ˮعʱʱѾȥˡ
ķֺ¯֮ƺһϵⲢ֣һص㡣

ˮʶͨǵϵŻ¯ڰգϧˮ޷ͨϢ
֪ûлԼʵ
󡭡
ˮͨǵϵŻ¯ȻĹ룬ˮͿ¯ڲϵı󣬲ҷҫ۵Ĺâ
߲ʹֻضʱŻ֣ڹâɫȫǻ¯ͼ
ѾôĻ¯ǽֻ޿һҲܣǰֻҪһ𣬿ǿ
ˮû¯ڴһ㣬ȴѾﵽޣֻ֣ȻˮһϹǿʵָ̬۷壬ɾдյĹ⾰Ѿȥˡ
һ׼úˮʶɢ龰ˮ֪Լûжʱġ
ģ
һ죬˵ֻ޴ĺӴڵĻ̤˳ѪϣѪٴηǷսһҪġߴ硱ͷ
һ̤֮볷ˣѪԸ˫ҲǵһսÿζƾУԳѪˡ
ֻһˮȵǲû綾˺ҧ˲仮Ĳӣٶȿ𻨣ۻңˮҲûпһ˲ô£ѾѪסˣ廨һ
˿˿
˻˻
ĸҵţµĺһĻҲ˲øīһ͸Ѫǲɣ屻յ죬Ǽӿɶϵ
ɱУֻͬҪסûľˣ
һʼסӦú׾ѣڱƺѾѡ
ǿ޾Ҫֳʤˣ


574 ӡԪ
޼ʹҲóѪܣϧҪҪλʵʵģ޹ţǾ޴ͺͷҲɲó
˻˻
Ÿ߿˻ͨͻȻŷīĻ档
޵ĵȼգȼΪʹԼԽ
˿˿
ѪϺʢϵķ˿˿
ʱ߸ʱ
ˮŻɾҪԶȥҲʱ
һڻĳſôһ϶ſ޴һҧ˳Ѫϡ
λƫϣȻѾڵλúܽˣѪۻʶΣգ΢΢ɶ
ץסѣѪʱĳҲ֪ʲôԭ򣬲һֻ𼶱Żɿĳȥ
ˣ
ˮ˲䱳ʪ͸ˣɾʱѾˣ
֮
ˮ˲ԵסʵѾۿ۵ֻ𼶱ޣ˳һѵ
ͬʱǰ˾޴Ļ¯
ˮɾн¯ĿõޱȣΪ·ͻȻˮֻǿԼ綾Ըɴû¯赲һ¡
¯ô˵赲һ¾ͺã
ˮûҪֻһޣˣѵãˮֻޡ
˿˿
˻˻
Ľ쳣ֻ߰޴޶ڻ¯رֲɫĹâ¯׼ȷĿסֻ޴ޡ
ǲһˮоŪ¯ƺܣһµʡ˲鷳
ֻڿסһ˲䣬¯ǿҵĹâͬһˮӷǣͻ¯ϵƺǿҡ
ˣôʼˡ
ˮ⣬ת۷壬ͬʱʶеͼƺʼӴתٶȡ
գ
ֻ޴޵Ļ¯ɵˮǰ˫ִڻ¯ϣеľע뵽档
ˡ
ˮоз·۷ڷһ͵ҧ⣬ʶһˮɬޱȡ
Ѿ޷ˣȴûһգҲûбİ취ˮֻҧƴһˡ
ƴ˲ԻܵõһЩ޴ôһƴҪȥ
ɽ
ĻηͬСɣǲɽҲǵõɱӣӴ˾ʵҲɣ֮ǰĶһ
ҧصˮֻһ·ߣǾǰֻ𼶱һû˿ıȫʩΪ
¯ʼ΢Ĳһּٵ˿˿˻˻ˮ
ˡ
¯ĸˣһѪѹƲǰĻ¯ϣܿʧ
һ·û¯ƽҪˮоͻ¯֮ϵ˺ü
ǻ¯龰ˮҲĸоֻǸоˮ͸оͷƤ顣
ֻһ𼶱޲ûбڻĻָһЩƣҲƴĵֵŻ¯ڵ߲ʹΡ
ˮȻϴɱһֻͷƼޣˮ֪Լȫʢʱڼеһ²ǿֻֿ˵ʵĻȫʢʱڣڣվҲʮµʵ⻹Ͻܵ¡
ˮεİݹʲôֻҪʵȫ£ڹ˲ôˣһʱ˵ˣֻܾ
ΨһľǷĽתʢ״̬żǿ־֧ţ󻹵ͦõģһ£ˮǲõģʱֻаʱʱ䣬ʱֱͨʱֻܵˡ
ˮһ˿ϣǻ¯еĽʼ
ʱ仺һһεĹȥˮûиоʱôôѰ㵱ʱߵʱҲûôʹࡣ
ǵѪεεİǰʪ͸ˣеѪˮҧ촽ģˮŷǷҲǿǣرֶԳֵ£ˮ԰
һʱȥˮɫ԰ף£촽ѸӣҲ֪ǱѪѪüɰĹ졣
һȻֻ𼶱ޣȴֻ۷ʵˮ֪Ļ¯ǿȻζ֧Ųôʱ䡣
ء
¯ĲʹתȴǷҡˮʶԸоѾɹһ룬Ѿ˽ѵĵز
ҧҧóһ󻹵Ѹٷȥˮϣһ󻹵棬һȥʱܵг˿񱩵
֮
֮
Ȼ

ˮڲʲôֻҪԼʵȫϣʶչתϹӴԻ¯ڵĴ߻
һӺ󣬻¯ٴηҡˮȻӣ֪ؼʱ̣ɰڴһ٣ܳŹʱ䣬ɹˡ
һηˮоѽסֻܿˣ˫µʯУѪ߰ˮϴһ
ˡ
¯ر̤ſʼתˮ˫Ҳ𿪣ʶϵţֻˮо类ըһ㣬ޱȣڳ鴤ҧһ˿ϵɡ
ȻˣˮѾ֪һȥ΢΢۾һ㣬ǵϵҲѡ
ˡ
ˮǿĶҪֹʱͻȻĵ׷˷ҵһɺ嫵ˮҲǳ貵Ľ⣬ˮ͵˫ۣһ޴ķӰӡ
ͷһ޴ĽɫеðĴˮϹϰЦݣһʱͻȻ
˫ֻı˵ɫ
ǧӡ
ˮһһӡĴ¯ÿһɫӡ˻¯ϣһ׳ޱȣǹǿӡɢһ
پʮŸӡֱ꣬ӻ˯˹ȥȴı۾

㣬ˣ±Ҫˣ˵ˮʱһӺ˵ʲô顣
Ų׺ºǺǵЦƺڴַ·ˮһ㡣
ֲû˺㿴СѾͷǸСʹһ
׺ЦǺǵ˵̬ȴǿޱȣһָֻ΢΢С
ȻѾµУȻôƯ϶һֵ㣬ֻһϣͼС
ǿɲһǽĺӣţ㣬˵ϲǸкŮ
˵ƺȤر
кŮһϲ
׺΢ЦĿŻ
ϲŮк̫ƤˣˮĻкҲ
ĵ˵
ǻȥɣȻҪˡ
ţˮˮɡ
ֹźͲ׺ȥ

ˮٴѹ̫ѾȽȽ֪Լ˯һ컹죬ںܿġ
һˮоӦڱԹʲô
ӵվڲԶһֱػԼоһů֫û˿ʣоʵʵ˲١
̫ȭ
ڲŸ̫ȽȽʱ䲢ûȫȥˮһ̫ͨȭһʮ顣
ֺˮͻȻ뵽ǧӡƽʱһˡӡľ硣
Ĳ÷ڵ˿һ˵ˮͷԵ֣ˮ˫ƽƣὭ˫ֱ˵Ľɫֻƴž޴Ӱĥһصĸо˲ֵ
Ǹо죬ȴǲ赲
ŷӡһޱȣˮ˼Ǵӡһ˵УƺڵĻλҪ
벻ףǺ£ҲͲٶ룬Ŀ⿴ԶѾԭһ״СĻ¯ˮ֪ʧˣһǿǧӡѾֵˡ

ˮŻ¯ɻԼǰҪĶɾʱ۹ɨΪˮ֪ôֻʣµкû
һˮˣ
Ļ¯һȭͷСӣһѪɫһɫɢˮզࡣ
޾Ԫ飿
ˮĿǷâӡ
ΪʧʲôҲûˣȴǾȻⶫǸ޷õģȻʵġ
һ޼ʵĻԭʱпֵܳΣˮеӣ˽վһܲͻƾͿ컯ˡ
ӵĽվ󲻶ϵΧˮתȦƺӺܸȤˮԥţǸվ»ǻ
뵽һ޵һǳѪ뵽ķݣоվ¸ʡ
㣡
ˮ΢ЦŶվ
ʵˮиԭ򣬾ǽվĻˮõʵеʵ˵׼ˮ״̬ͻƴﵽͻ졭
ŽվǿӣˮԼܼ¾ͽվ󵥶ͻƣǿ𼶱ޡ
ԼҲ𼶱ˣȻԼڶ๦Űһһ𶼲ûпܡ


575 ˮ𼶱ޣƤ֮
ʱĹȥˮȵķһյʱȥˣȻûʲôķӦվʼ֫ļ̤š
ˮҲϰµģϾֻ𼶱޵ľˮýվǿ𾳽硣
Ҫ֪Ӽģݴ½ʦкССļʵõ֡Ԫ顱ΪǴʬƳģԺˮŵƷʾ޷ȣơʬ塱ûΣա
վ̤ĶԽԽѾڿ񱩵ʩչž̤Ҳʼŷǿѹ

޴𣬽վһɵĺ⣬Ӧ˵ǳɫĹâԽԽŨ
ܿվ㱻ЩɫĹΰסϵıһ޴ļһ㣬ˮһգգĿŽվı仯
ѾͣڲԶţˮûб˼ôһֱĿŽվʶı仯
ˮĵͨʶԸܵվʵڲϵ溦½վ᲻ᱻ
һʱʱˮķվʵѾǿҵϢرֲе쬵ġ

ģ
һ˻žǳɫĹըȥʵըˮɫһѸٵĺˡ
ۡ
վǰվλ֮ܰѾ˾޴Ĵӣˮкһ˽ȥ
ʱˮȴֱֱĶſеĽվ
̤նˡ
ˮڵĽվΣڶʮףף׳ޱȣȻǽɫֻֻ޴ĶڵĻƣñĽվصҰԡ
ǰܶ࣡
ˮſеĽվ൱ļϾѵޣһ𼶱ޡ
Լ𼶱ޡ
ˮӣеĽվˮһһˮǰΧˮתȦӡ
һ½վʵˮЦˣԼѾоվ׼ȷʵ̫Զˡ
Ͻվϣһ̤ǰݵ·ϣ
𼶱ǿޱȣˮֽվ̤նбķٶȿ˲٣ƽȣˮʳ󻹵ͨҲܳ

߿УƺŲˮһ»񣬴ӽվı˻ϡ
ʶ֪վʵҲԿվսǲǶʲô
֮ܣõӽվһ
ջܣõӽվһ
նˮӽվһٶȡ
̤
çײ
˲ͻȻ֮ڷٶٴһǰһ֮ࡣ
ͻվ˲䷢幥һĹ
ս˲һɵԷǿɱĿɵٶȣһӡ
շħʩչ֮ڵĿ꽵һɵʵʱһӣ
棺湥
ˮһӦǷʳǿӴվ¼ӵսоԼĻ֮ǺܲҪѾͻƵĵĵط
վսޣ幥֮ջնˮ˲ͻЩϺɱһǿߡ
̤һֲȺɱսǿƻֻ˵Ǳ̬
˳ʶˮջؽվ󣬳Żٷһ죬һֱýɾʱֱӴŻɾ
һηҲǾմ̼Խ󣬻رҲԽȻСˣȴǶһֻ𼶱ǿޣҪԼʵҲԿֲˣֵˣԼѾֵˡ
㶫ˮԱӵˮϤţÿνվͻƺ󶼻õʵɡ
ֻһεſܴϴΪž޴ʹ࣬һˮԥˡ
뵽ǿȣЩһĶĴɷĥ˵ǿˮǱȽŵġ
˼ˮգ
ƲƶҲһοͻ
ˮԽԽϧڻڴ󻹵״̬ˮģɾԺÿɾʱʮ죬ˮɾϢһºš
ˮͻûϹֻܻΣˮͿʼģоҵǷͻɽͼͳԵĻһ¡
һʼˮ֪±ʣԾһֱԽԽо⻭ϲҲΪϲŪģˮоеͻƺһ㡣
ͻȻ·оҲǺѣս𾫱ѸٵƤֽϹڼˮûзһ˼˲ʱ䣬ˮͣ
ˮҲû뵽ԼôԵĻ죡
һо⻭ϻܺÿҸһͻᷢˮƤëҲǻƤ硣
½һְҵʦǲߣǵĻľšƤѪ⡢ǡǡ
ܴﵽǵľѾԳΪһΪǵĻѾ൱мֵˣڻǺͻڴ˵еĶ˵ﵽ־磬еĶ
ˮţˮһֽͣǺͻһԶݵľ߱һ㣬ﵽ־󻭳ͻԶݵĴصĹ
ҲˮϾ¿㻭ʱ򣬸оҲⶫԼã˵ԼƤѪ⣬ǻǾٻǲЧһЩ
ɾУһµʱܿȥˣˮʮͻͼУȴǲԣǿǻƤ磬Ͼˮʱ䲻̣ЩģϾЩҲô׻ɵģûʹĲÿҲû¡
ʦһĶۣʵһ̶Ͼǽǿ󣬱ϻǿ׳ȳƣǿϻһ
ˮԺʱϰ»н𾫱ʺʯ̨ϰĻʵе̫˷ˣ
һ¹ȥˣһµҲȥˣˮʣµʱŵյ
׼úˮſʼתϹųȥ
䣡
һ˲ˮоԼﶼҪըһ񱩵˳žת͵ﲻϵĳŴʹĸо͵Ϯȫ
һϸܵѪˮı͸ˮľ͵ﻹǿ󣬹ھѾˡ
ϵĳŴ;ͬʱѹ;оܶȡ
ۣ
ϳϸСĿӣܿۿɼٶϣȻٱĵط֣Ȼٴϡ
˲һӵʱƽʹĸоڻˣӴӯС
ʹȫʧǾ޴ˬУȫůģںĶԡһ㣬ůһϺϵ㡣


576 ˮڵĿֲص
ûͻˮڿЦһ˶ʮʵˮﵽʮﵽ˿µʮ忤֮࣬ٶҲǱ٣;ǵõ츲صı仯
ɼʹ˻ûдﵽҲûдﵽ쾳磬ѵҪȫ𡭡
ˮѾܵһĴﵽ˱͵㣬ԼͻĻʵ޷ٽˡ
ˮҲ֪˽վʵʵһٶʮڽ֮ջͽնˮһʮʵ
ֲ̬ǸոͻѾʵҪ֪ͻƺһƽ͵ʱڡ
һޣȴھçײͻ;̤ս´ﵽԽ۷壬ĽվһĿɱϴεֻͷƼҲסվһͻ
ˮоߵʵͬȼӦһүүҲô˵ĴһҲ弶߿Ժļսƽļ߿ԺսƽǿԺһսƽ
ˮȫʩΪĻѾﵽһʮϻ֮վҲʲôˮо·ԽԽˡ
ǿʵǿţ
ţ
ˮĿ˴еѩƿ¸ǵ߹ȥʲô
΢ˮСĵĴ򿪴ƿӳһźҴСѩ׵ҩӨ͸ɢǿһɵˬϢ
ˮƿӣʲôҩˮǲʳˣȻͻƲͻƻʲôϵҩҲһǿߡҩҲֻܸһ£ҪĻҪ˵·һ¯¯̫εĻҩҲãοĿҩԡ
ӦǺĴƿźãʱҲൽ˸óȥʱˣһεջʷһΣԼӵʵ𼶱ޡ
վɾʹȥҲҪ̤նУϾΪˮɱﵡ
ŻڷǵҹռٴǵҲԽԽˮȴǲȷʲô
оˮڵʵԸһһߣһ۷壬ƾ˺׵ĸԼһͻ죬Լʵǻ
оˮѾǸͻƵĻԼ޷ﵽģˮоƺԼԼϵ
λȥͻƣˮѽվңڣһҶ裬ػҰΣûģֻˮҲȫ
ʱһѾһ¹ȥˣ
ݳѾңңˮֱӳŻڵλá
ھҲԶˮֱӰѻȻͽȥһҲֻʱ䣬ˮȥʱ̵һΡ
Ѿ٣ݴ˶ǴźƤװװݵĴ֣۶Сһ޳һпˮرЭĸо
ˮ֪һкʵž޴ĹϵݲѾûвԼˡ
ʶһݣˮ뻹еԺģȻϲþݴ½̨棬ֻÿ뵽ˮܸое죬ΪʲôݻôûκεĿɱԡ
ߵſÿѳȥˮСѾͷ۾ĵгһС


ߺ˹ȥˮһһǱСѾͷѾСˣرٹҪˣҲѾǸŮˡ
һôô
ȥˮһ߿ĵЦ
ˮţЦⲻСѾͷԾͻˡ
ˮżȥ
ƭˣߣŲΪרܻġ
Ķӿɰ˵
̣ˣ
ʱŲԶº
ûаעһһ٣ͷˮСѾͷ

һȴǰһӶĸ׵˼һȴ̺˼ֿů顣
ˣã
¿ĵˮԴСʱֻҪŽš
²ϣҲߣϷʳյջǺᣬֻĥѺһ˿ɣ顣
Ҳˮȥߴˡ
˵Ҳˮ˵ܿˣ
ˮżȥ΢ЦĿˮ»ˣѾˡ
ˮһĿĸףһ˲ˮͻȻ뵽ǸԼʶѵǡ
ܿѷűҵˣ칬ļˣ󲿷ֶң׺³ʱˮѾȷǵԼʶĺӡ

һ˿ĵĺһӣ
ˮ㶼ˣ㶼ߣȥúɣ
ЦǺǵİѲ׺µַŵˮ
һˮо΢ЦɢرϢĲ׺£ƽʱľȣڶһ͵СŮϢ
Ҫˮ·оԼҵôȫĸоǰˮǣס׺ֵһ˲䣬оǰδеķɡ
˿ˮͲ׺µ֣һʱоرĺÿվһ˵ΨС
ˮһֻŲ׺£һַֻ㣬Сĵ㣡
׺͵Ŀŷˣ֪Ѿһصˣ̲סЦ£ô
£֪㻳ҾͲȥˡ
ˮŲ׺»š
׺ЦҡҡͷҪˮҶ֪㲻ףҸ֪Ҿϲǿִš
ǺǣԺĲΪǱ˹飬Ժġ
ˮǺǵЦ
׺ûˮһۣȴǺܿЦˣ
һοʱҲûܻҵĺӡ
ˮǵ˵
˵ʲô㣡
׺Ϻġ뵽ˮߴ䣬Ҳ˹ϵȷ
ȥһɣ
׺µͷԶͤУȻǳģϻǺܵġ
Ǻʲô
ˮڲ׺ǰ׺̴ͤľϡ
׺ٴһ죬û˵ʲôˮѲԼ¡СϣһоҸҸ
ˮϣǸкǸŮ
׺²ˮ
ϲ
ֻѡ˵еһأ
׺΢ЦĿźһˮʵ
ֻҪģҶϲ

ʱŻɵ칬ͨʶˮܵ˸ϵλã칬
ϵ˶ṧĺˮк˿ˮĿ⸴ޱȣ¶Ķ𾴺;塣
칬棬һֿ칬ˣ
ˮʱ￴һЩĶͣеĻˮ
ϣ
ʲôʱģ
˷еĵˮ
һˮԸܵ˸ϵʵʮĸܵϵʵ
ڸոĸϣʵҲֶһЩ¼סƷӺʵϾҲǸս𾳽ûʱ䣬οѾƽһʱˡ
𾳽Ǿݴ½һ׶ΣҲʵһ׶Σһֻʮʵ۷ĿֱӴһ۷ٿʵ༸һ죬һء
ͻиôǵȼѹΪߵ˶Ϊ͵ѹʣ޷óȫߵĻֲ
ǰˮܸоЩԸʵߵѹֻǺȻټ˻֮󣬼оѹˡ
յһᣡ
һλڼҴʱ䣿
΢ЦĿˮ
꣬Ҳܴϸꡣ
ˮҲҪӳɣȻϣͻƵ졣
˵ʵһ¥
ţˮǲ𼶱𣿡
ͻȻˮ˫һƺر
ûУ
ˮĻشøĿסĵͷˮȻǸͼҲǵ׵ģôͻһʶ
ˮһͻ߶̳ԼĹ֮ϸ֪һ
Ҳ͸˵˵Ҳϣҵаġ
˵һº˵ÿ˵Ӧǲһģֻһ㣬ԼϲģԼȫȥģҲϲҲ飬ֻˣȫɵһ̲ϣͻƣɵĲ
ˮ˺үү˵ݣоԼҲҪȫˣоѡ
˵ˮѽվҳȥɣжѾ˲ɣĿǰˮѡңҲĿԷΪźӵĲ׺ʱһֱˮо̬ǰ˺ܶ࣬ƽ˺ܶ࣬ƺҲ͸ˣʵһк͡ǧӡͻźܴĹϵ
оһЩ飬ҲҲܶ
ЦЦ


577 ΰ̬ͼ
͸һᣬǿ칬ʲô飬ʵ̶̵İҲܷʲôش顣
ϣĹʲôģ
ˮ뵽㣬ѾˣɾейһѾˡ
ԣ
ˮʮŻԵйڸĿɿڴ뿪ˣ
ˮ칬رˮȥǲʺԼĶȻղصǼ칬ϵöҲļҲжԼ˵Ķ
칬ر󣬿壬ˮǻæվʲôҪ𣿡
λҾ㿴
ˮЦǺǵĴкͽȥˡ
߽ر˲൫ҲǺ٣ǿˮĶṧˮЦŰڰȥ
󲿷ֶһЩѧؼһЩҩеȼƣֻ칬Ĺ׺Ϊȼȡ
칬Ĺ׿ͨȥռҩݣɱϽĶٺ͵ȼ칬ּά칬ȵȣֵԽÿ¿쵽ǮƾԽࡣ
ֻй״ﵽһ̶ȲرÿһȥҪĹ׶ǲһģÿһ㶫ƷҲһ
칬رıƣ칬ƵͨǺٵġ
ˮΪ칬ȻνĹףϹףˮҲˣ¥κһҲ㹻ˡ
ˮǰߵһЩûȤǰʱҲ˲٣ˮЩûʲôȤҪǰﲻԼ
ˮֱµ㣬ӵ㿴ǲԼҪĶرҩݲ칬ҩݿЩܱȵġ
οĻ϶ǳϼģֻкٵһЩ⹱׵칬ӵƣ
ҩˮʱΪƴ󻹵ͷˮԪ칬ĲҩͲرĵҩҩĿһ飬ڻˮ޼ҪĶﲢûС
һʱˮѾ㣬鼮ֻĶ࣬ˮ뵽ǰԼÿʱϰģԴúð￴
̤ͼ
ˮһᣬûиоʲôֱӹȥ
һʢ
ţͦÿġ
ˮֱ
ԧϷˮӥգˮ㡭
ˮĿһֻһЩ鼮ʲôġ
ʨȺͼ
ˮǰôһͼʮףԶǧֻʨӣд붼ǿĿˮоֱ൱ǿÿһֻʨӿһϸȴǲͬ
һǧˣһˣһǧ֣һģˮоʨֻܲһãһӳǧֻ֮࣬Ҹиص㣬ǹ
һˮźǣôʨӻ϶ǱһǰܵӣûвɱĶͼܳʨӵǧ̬Ļˮоͼˡ
ˮ½˲ٷ֮࣬иֱ˽ǧĻͼһЩƤֽҳ塣
ˮһŵź濴ȥ
ͼ
ˮڶڻͼر⣬ǰһŻԾͼһֻԾľ޻ͼҲһ׶࣬ˮоеϻرǿǡ
ǻʹСûйϵġ
ˮż濴Ҳûжپ͵ˣ׼뿪Ժʱ
ˮһֱǻͼⲻ֣Ϊˮֻһ㶼һͷһ飬Ѱҡ
ţʲô
ˮڰľܱϵλһ鼮ȻһɫҰ漸رĿļ֣ˮһ۾̲סӿ졣
ΰ̬ͼǵɫģˮָкޣһˮ֪Ƥ𼶱ƤҲʱ̫õԵʣ¶Ѿ΢ޱȡ
ˮȥЩ뷨Ȼ󻺻򿪣һǡߡһˮǻеϻȻ߼ޡ
׽ͫ
еľ޴ϻðһڵĻ棬Ψ˫޴ĽɫͫԵô۹죬ˮҲһʷпһιں׽ͫĽܡ
Ӿˣ˵ĺ׽ͫڰףʵ߼Ƕʷǰˣڵʱ׽ͫر죬ˮǵú
ˮһº󣬾Ϳʼ˼ҳܡԾˡ˺
ϻİ̬ԣһţÿһΣպûΰֱ̬ӶɾˮΪ칬õ㶫ǿõģȫҲ˵ʲô
߳칬رɫѾֱӳŻң˵һԵġ
һξ룬཭Ҳ˻
һӷʢĲˣик㣬ʱѾ˽С㣬ڳһҲˡ
ٹһ궼ˣ
ຣʣˮ³кôĴҲжаǿ
ϳ˺üŮӣڰǾеĻݳųɼңˣҳҲڶˣǡ
ԵһֱһܴŮӣ˶ǲŰ
ˮ뵽ǰӴŮƺǱԼǿ󡭡
Զ࣬ҲԾԼǻԾ˵ҲͦģʦװЩŮӴǿ˵ЦѻС粻Ҳ䡣
ˮóйһ¸¥౴ԡʦװ˫ӡ϶УʮŷֿǵУÿһţеţϴʹùˣϡľʣµ˲࣬һ˷˲ţԵȴһҲûзֵԵȴȫʣˣҾȻûǷϽԵġ
ˮֶһ񣬾׺ɢҲŮ˵ľԣ˵С
еʱŮһˮɢټϼСߴߴĵҲ֣Ҳ֪ǲǽվͻˮʵǰҪƽ˺ܶࡣ
۲ۣ£
ˮͲ׺˺ܳ·ڴϣȻϵȴ¹ӹʯ
ۣ
ײ׺ˮ΢Цˮ˵
ҹˣҲˣǻȥɣ㻹ҪϢ
ã

ԭˮһ׺±
ˮô˿أ
ϻһЩ˵ģ׺˵Ķڿš
ұȥϲұ𣿡
ˮڲ׺¶˵
ڲ׺·۵Ķϣ˲ˡ
Եˮ̲סǾӨĶһ£ò׺ֱӰˮҲ̧ͷ
ˮһֱڲ׺µķ˯źһֱ賿ˮ뿪صԼķ䣬ɾ
ҪҪУһ;ջ۵һ̣һճΪǿߣͬȵʵսò鲻ͬʵһɱͬʵ


578 ѱߣĺݣһ
ɺҪ΢Ҳǰ󵽺֮䣬ֲֳ˷һ޶ȵսĳ־
ôһʱˮġҲûܴﵽļʵ֣Ҳûȥѧϰµǲϵϰǰѧļ֡
Դһ˽⿪ˮ鿴ϣչһΣԭǿȻ㹻˵µһȥڳĸá
ʱˮ˼˻ͻϣһεʵǣҲֱ˺üΡˮһŷȥҲܽһ۷ˡ
ˮ˻ǻΰ̬ͼӵһ߿ʼ
ǰΪ֮ھݴ½Ȼûʲô֮ĳƺţûжʧǻǰҪǿ̫ˡ
л
ˮûһͼһһ˵ƣƻӷ磬ƣŻߵ̬һգգš
һֻͨͼˮԸܻĺȫļ϶һȫ϶
ˮȻʱɾжȹ죬ȻˮʼʣˮѰ־ĸо
ȫĵķɣڻˮʹϹֻΪһж׵Ժ
ζ֣
ɴҪ͵סį
ˮȱȱֻǻ򣬵ˮɾԻҲᲹϰһʱȥһҩ
ֵҩӴģοԺһֱҪȥܶഢһЩҲʧһɿİ취
ľ񵤣Ȼľ񵤣ľôһֱõҲ࣬ľˡ
ϻݵһ·϶ڲϵƣҪõǡ㡱ҩƻҪĸµʱ䣬պúͺӳʱࡣ
Ϊ˻ˮר˼λʦˮԭ񹦵ҲţǿﵽƤľ硣
ƤҲرҪĽ׶Σ˵һ¥ĸһġƤҡﲻҪ󣬻̸ʲô淢չҲ˸о⾳

ϻǺһ˳ָһǵҽľʣµһҶ¸¥˫ҲرĿ졣
׺Ϊ⾳ֹͣ
һҶ˫ӷǣŮͼϵŮûʲô⣬ĽҲ쾭ġ
ˮڼңڵҩһЩǿ塢׳ʲôȸǲϣżˮҲýṉ̀ԪǱܡ
ҲˮˣڳҪļ⣬˶ͦеģˮڣʹÿʱһЩЧͻ
ֻôˣ
ˮͻȻֻǿġСܡҲ֪ǲǱøˣǿˡ
ǼһܳԣҲ˺ܶࡣ
￪ĵĽ˳СҲͱϴηԪһңǿӿΰһۼԵر䡣
ѾӵĹﵽʮ߿ֻϧеȻѾǸǿˡ
ˮĵţ൱ı̬ġ
ҪǻܵǱ󣬳ɳҲɳߣǰ;ǲģ
˻ԵĻܺˮ뵽һʱҲʳһйӣⶫޱȣһǳӴ޵ĳɳռ䡣

ʱƽһζˮصѾһˣ칬һƽûκ鷢
ҲͦˮĵģӦˣҲģһУ̬ķһ˿΢ı仯
˵ȫķԷһ룬ֻˮоͽվͻԼԼʵԼǧӡͻŷֲĹϵ
˾ԵʵҲɣ
֮ˮڵҲڳȫͻ죬ôԼԸһЩζпɡ
ѱĺ˴ˣ˵ɱǵˣǰȥĺġټսӪѡ
һҶҵˮüе㽹˵
ţô£
ˮ۾
Ѻǰһȥ棬ǰһһֽ㿴
һҶæеֽݸˮ
ˮϽӹչ档
ˮŮ޽̣ݹҵˣԴĿˣҲܵĻҲǹܽһ£ĺȻֻһҲʲô˶۸ģҿ¥ҲУ֮ټսӪԸ
ˮǰټսӪ
ȥһˣڼҵϢ
ˮһҶЦ²˳٣
Һһȥ
һҶᶨ˵
ã£ȥͼ˵һ¡
Ժ޺չںȲ壬ݴ½һַǳձﶼȱˡ
ˮչ嫷еӣǲʲô飿
û£һЩ飬֪үү϶ĺ֪Ķ𣿡
ˮ΢Ц˵
չһȻˮˮ˵ɣʲô飬Ҳ취
չ嫵ķӦˮое֣뵽ԼнվԼԼʵݾǲսʤġ
ˮֱӰֽݹȥ
ǰټսӪ
չֽ̾ݸˮ
ĺݵһƫһݳǵľҲǺԶţҲ·̣ɽ¶ˮʵȴһֱݰʮһǰʮûʲôĶ
ˮʵôڱʥݵʱһЩݵϢҲйĺİټսӪ
үү˵ߵĴڣ
ˮĿչ嫡
¾ݣݹΪһݣ𶼲ʲô˵û𣿾ǴݹҲӦǸڵģҪ֪ڱ߱Ƶ޷Ĵдڡ
չ嫿ˮ˵
ˮһֽԷ֪ԼΪ칬棬նһߣֽл˵Լ¥ڣǿƺܲмҲܣˮо鲢ԼѾе㵣ˡ
ˮټսӪҲݵˣǰټսӪʱҾѾˣ˵ڱݱ˱Ƶ޷ĵز͵͵ĺǾۼĺİٸ˰ټսӪҲΪǱݹģһֱĺûֳ̫Ķ
ΪʲôͻȻҪҶ֣ҸоԲȡ֣СѾͷһ˽ģǶԷҲ硣
ˮչ嫡
ǱݵĴң޿֪ǿˣӦҪվݣõ̤ʯˡ
չüͷ
ţˣȥСѾͷǸŻˣȻʱɱҲ
ˮЦҪ뿪
ˮȥ
æסˮ
⹫ұȥϷĲµġ
ˮο˵ˮھϣټսӪҪȻվûа취ˡ
õһ;УǾ޴ģһʮ࿤ʵٿʵһˮһЩϣ
˸ϳ߼壬ʵԲӦóİٿȻᱻֱӸϳڵݣҪ֪ݴ½ﶼһġ
޵ˮȥɣǸټսӪǿٿҵʵԼҪá
չ˵һˮ
Ϊ֪ˮĸζ᲻ȥģҲ̾ɿˮ
⹫үүҾԲ£ǿ
ˮֱӰѽվ˳վ̤նУλĵҲе㲻̣ҲûбҪأİһҲá
޺չֱӴ㶵Ŀˮһᣬ޺ˬЦúãȥɣȥɡ
չҲǿĵЦˣСˮ֪ˮûаյ飬ںʱ򿴵ǽʱ֪һ֣û뵽ɳ֮졣
˵ԼȴԸҲûпܡ
չϲõš
ˮһҶŻĺȥһҶɫŵе㷺ףĿˮ
ҪˣûµģﲻµģֻҪھͲκ۸
ˮһ䡣
һҶüͷĸˣ
һҶҵƵΣյزﲻ
һҶĵ̾
Ϊʲô˵ŮѵҲô𣿡
ˮ֪ǵԼԼա
ˮֽʵѾ˵һ⣬ټսӪɵӵĻǾǾſ¥ڵߣԶԶֹˡ
һҶ迴ˮ۾
Ǳѩϻ۵Ůӣ˵ܼ򵥣Ψһˣʱ侲ЩҪǺǿԡ
Σ˭Ҳܶߵ˭Ҳ붯
ˮ˵ĻᣬȴǺܿ϶
һɵůͷһҶܿģˮģԪҲˮʱһᶨվԼһôҸ顭


579 ѱߣĺݣ
ٶҲҪһһʱ䣬ˮ֪ǳʲô뿪ģҲ뿪죬֪ƾڵٶȫܸܲϵϡ
ˮʲô㻹Ǳȥˣ
һҶ軹ǲĵˮ˵
Ҳȥһȥ
ˮЦſһҶ衣
˵ҵĺ˼ҲΪǡ
һҶ˵仰Լ㡣
Ҳȥһȥһ۸ˡ
ˮᶨ޷
ˮֻΪ˳Ԯ֣ΪһѾ㹻ˡ
һҶƽĿԶ
˵ˮ֮ӿȪ뱨οҴȥʱ֪ĹϵǸʱҾѾСѾͷܵ
ˮ·ʶصʱرĻʱ龰Ҳϧ
ˮɲԺҾһѾٺʦˣΪʲôǸоȻûб仯
Ҳ鵽һ˵ʲôҲأҲأſˡ
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ѾȻųɾŵĶûг꣬СȴǿԳˣˮʨҲǻˮдƯСǿҲЩСһĶ
ʱ䣬ˮռ塱һĸˣ˵ֵǣûкʵĵҩƥ䣬ֻʱⰺĶ
ף۱ˣ
ˮֻ۱ػһƬѣˮһ󼤶ⶫˮʨ޲ľЧƣֻû־ǿ󣬵ʤӴ
ΧķڻɽġеõɫӣһָͷСĻСݣôʱȥˣǰһ߳ڵߣɫӻ죬ɢȵϢһ΢ĺ⣬һһ㡣
⵽ʲô
ˮԿһֲֲˮκβݶһоɢǿ֪СŲƵļֵ
Լʱȣ
ˮСݣгڴ
ǧľӣֻǿ֦ҶһЩˮҲǺ뿴Ǹʲô
һÿֻܽһɾҪʱҲ˲٣֮Ķ仨ҪһЩʱʢȴΧҩݺֲʡɵʱ䡣
Щˮ㣬ЩޱȵĶֻǸ˱Ҳûʲô˼Ϊ˲ܺԼһű̬ɾ
÷Ҳռ˲٣ǶˮһֱûжȫŴѩľҩˣʲôˮﵽͳ̶ȵԼϺκνֻеͻ졣
ȻˮԶǸСˮȥõȫжĶѪꡢ綾ߡܡˮĸ
ˮƯѩѪŶϳݡ
ˮԶõĺٿˮеĶﻹ治٣µˮѺöһѡ
жصķڶ࣬õķǰѶеľԶԷӵ£ֻһЩϡľ綾֮ѵãһ㶼ɱȡѵķ
ЫӡƷ֮ĶﶼǴβɳһЩҺܡǴǿвɼһЩҺеķأɼĶһҪһµʱָܻ
Ѫꡢ綾ߡ֮ȻֻȽ϶࣬ط־綾֮ˮͲ٣ɾиǷֳ˲١
ֶϵĶﻹһЩ٣ˮ׵ķʽȡ

ҲãȻԶͻɶԵ䶾Ҳر𽲾˿԰Ѷ࣬ɱӡ
ˮѡѪѪꡢˮĸÿʮֻѪʮ꣬õǻ¯ƾҲӦÿһЩԡ
ǣǣ涾ңȻںϡ
һˮһաеĲ裬ˮԼģϾԼõĶǶõģ𡢻¯ˮҲǺĸоرĵӦ֣ʱ͸оˣˮĵѪһڻ¯Ѫֺͻ¯֮ϵǿ˲١
ʱһιȥˣˮ۾Ϲһ˿ϲû뵽һô˳æ¯С
ֱһ׵¯һīҺ壬ˮܶҪһ㣬ûеţȴǿͷƤ顣
ڵҺ㻹һ㵭һĶ
Ե㶫ϢƬ̣תϹָ󣬾ȥǡ޽ΪҺɹҪȴöȹ̡
һֱɾһ죬ˮźߵ¯ԱߣȻеķŽǶҺС
͡
ˮˮһ̰ʳСһȻջ¯еĶҺ
˿ıøҺһεεļ٣ˮֵס¯ϹͺȻע롣
͡
ѾնҺĺȴٴηһʼҺҲڻ١
һֱ¯ûһζҺʱˮ֣ǰĺҸ

նҺĺˮĴ·Ĺâһɵӿ
һиúˮҲֵޣֻõԺԣֶԶöһ㶼һһΣȻҲǰ״
ʵվǿټˮڵĻκǧӡѾﵽ˿µľ磬ˮǳôһ̤ʵһʱ䣬̬Ҳķɣ
ɾʱ䣬ˮѴ󲿷־˴޽ϣԽֽԽˮɿǽȴһֱǰֻʣ׵ľˡ
ˡ
ˮ׵ʱҲûгȥ
ٴγ˼Σ۾ɨϽܣ˼һôˣ
ܻ
ۣ
ıȻˮֽ뺣һĸоһ׼ֱһ޵׶
ˮϹ񣬰ٶȵ٣ԶתϹǿԲϵĲ䣬Ȼ;;ϵĻˮܸое㲻ס
Ǻ
ͻȻ޽ʢǰһĴˮȵͬʱȴʷ嶼ص˰ٻϵķ䳲С


ͽվҲһĽƺڵֵһѹ


583 ̥ˮͻ
ڽʢһˮоеġ޽ƺһ㣬ִԶĽվ
ǰٴ𣬽ɫ޽һѵĽһĳվ

վٴηһ𣬻ҲޱȣѸٶ޽ƺ޽رļɵ
ˮȵڽվٵĶʱǽɫ޽ȴǷ·һٶȱֱӽվסģ޴ĽվȻһ

һʱ޽Զ⿪Ȼ󵹷ɶأ

ˮϲĽӹñ֮ıûȴǿԺ֮ʶϵ¯һ㣬һʱʶơ
ǾǿãҲֱǿ֮
ŸˮرļȻھܰǿĽվסһʱ޷ɼǿ󣬱̬ĸ࣬ҪǸϹ£ˮԷʹãֱеʧ
һˮоһչҲֿȥĺֵ
ʱһ´ҴҶ
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ˮվ⣬һҶ΢Цſˮǵһοˮôӡ
̥ʮ£һǲ׺ӣǸոս£ˮϴһ˿顣
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ҾţʲôһҪҡ
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ûµģİɣ
һҶ˵ЦЦ˽ȥˮû׺һʹҲԭˮܵġ
ϾһˮһΣԴӻˮǰʱ䶼˲׺ºͶĺӣһĸųɳԼĺӡ
ʱ仺߹ˮоֿͣڿţȻľҲ
ʱٽ磬ȴû˳ԷҲûˮûҪԷֻһ˼ȫ˲׺µķ䡣
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һӤ޵ˮһһһֱҲƽæҪȥ
ֻһαסˡ
ϲ˸˸Сӣ
סˮգ˫ԸˮЦ
Сˣôҽȥ
ˮҲûͻЦ
һУýһθ
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ˮĿŻһʼû룬׺µĶҲôĴ󡭡
ǰ𣿡
ġ
ûһᣬٴδһӤޣǰһûǰô
߰ɣԽȥˣ
Цˮ˽ȥ
Ӥ޵ʱˮƽޱȣһ˲䷢رɣ㣬Ǿһ˵㡣
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СѾͷ£һǸŮ

±һĵĿţڴԱߣò׺¿ӡ
ʱˮͻ˽
ˮ쿴һӶӡ
ʦװ΢Ц߽ˮ˵ǸСѾͷš
СһﱻɫĽаţˮЦŽӹʦװеСѾͷסСѾͷǾµС˵ģ۾ˮرÿ
ճĺӾô񡭡
һѪĸоˮϣһ˲оһʱо綼Ưˡ
СѾͷڴ齱ϣһֻס׺µ֣ʲôҲû˵ֻǿĵĿҸĲ׺¡
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ЦŰСһݹ
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ˮǺЦ˵ɿ׺µֽ֣ӹڿ޵Ķӡ
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СӣôСҪˡ
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ˮ˿֪ʲôȴԸ룬оںܺãĺܺãڵһ̡
֪Լеһ㣬ȴǲԸָֹͣоڸԼٹһᣬٹһᡣ
һپʮ죬ǲϹûֹͣ˳ȻٴһתһĴڶıϡ
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ˮ֪ҪͻƵĻһұӣôҲû뵽ͻƣΪû˹
ڷ˷һ㶯û˿ӦҪˮӣˮ붼£΢ΣҪ
ˮԼԼһֱ֪ԼǣԸûͻƣ˹Ʊ϶ûΪҲǱʶΪû뵽Ȼͻơ
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ҲϸϸĸѪǵĳһӷͻƣˮôҲû뵽ͻȻԼӣ˳ļš
۵Сһˮڷûȥڵʵ̧ͷҶںĿ
ûˣСһҵĸһһݴ񡣡
ˮǺЦţӺܺ
ˮôСһܿģΧʲôʱȥĶ̧֪ͷַʣԼͲ׺»ӡ
£¸øι˰ɡ
ˮǺЦѺķڲ׺±ϡ
׺һ죬̲סˮһۣϳǵʱ⻵СӾ仰٩Լû뵽һȻĳˣҲǸоҸ
ˮѺӵݹұһûаء
׺»
ˮæϰһıϣŰѶӵݹȥԼŮԱߡ
ˮ˵ǽʲô֣𣿡
׺̧ͷĵĿˮ
ţӳͻˣͽɣŮҸ˵ô
ˮ˵
ܺã㸸׸ˣϲ𡣡
׺¶ŻЦ
ңҲ


584 ˮʵ
ˮڴ߿ڶӺݹĲ׺£رСһ𺳡ŮʱǳΪĸʱƯŮ˻ǲƯŮˣڻԼĺӣϹŵҸ΢Цʱġ
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ȥִϾǰһֱ˶ûгκһ㶫ڲ׺°ȫҲſʼҲ׺ҲҪӡ
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ôϲӣôýһأ
ˮСʵ
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ˮЦſɫѾεĻ
ҲŲ˭Ҫ󻵵װװȥɡ
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׺ȴǳˮ֮⣬ͼŮһʱûдô绳УϾڻվȣ˺ǣҸ࣬Լиʲô鷢ܿ˻ࡣ
ҲŮˮһû˻У㹻ԱʱҪӣԼҲʱǣůļͥͰ
ȴû뵽׺»ỳУӵĳˮϹǿͻƵ죬ʵӦþߡ
ˮԼɾץֵڹ꣬ŪһЩҩһڹ
һ룬˭Ⱦˣ׺·䣬ɫСһѾ˯ˡ
ˮСһﲢŷڲ׺ԱߣȻڴߣ£˯һ
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һһ׵ι£ˮоرƽûԼݴ½һǵŮӳΪԼŮˡڸԼĺӡ
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һ¼˽ˮ˯ŵĲ׺£뿪صԼķˮֱӽ뵽ɾ֪ʱɾʱҪĸˡ
һɾˮʼԼʵͻƺˮֻоǿ˺ü
ˮıʵ˲ıﵽһٶʮȴǴﵽһʮ
ˮʶһȻն˫ڿп̨һ㣬з·ڽ±ʵһ㡣
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еĿˮѸٵĴ¼뿴ԼĿֲﵽʲô̶ȡ
ݴ½ʵһ㲻ҲˮүүõĴ𰸣ر𼶱ߣΪѰ¼׸ܲסߵ
ҲˮôЩԼЩǲܹסԼҪֻ֪һЩαĶܳסߵһĲҲòоͻѡ
ۣ
˲䱬
ۣ
Ҳֱӱ
ͷҲˣ֣ڵʵ֮ǰǿ̫࣬ʹ˲Щ¼ֱĥȻ󱬵
ÿʹޣ˻أʵԽǿĥԽ죬ΪˮоµѥĹڿٵġ
ֲأ˫֣ǹһĶûʲôãֻܴһЩͨ¼ףֻҪйֲ֮û¡
ˮĵϽܺͱǽû⣬ˮǸоǽͬ졣
һٶʮϺȻɽն֮çţܻȥһˮֻƾͿԴﵽʮʵﵽĸ߼׶Ρ
ټϽܺͱǽԼЧˮʵﵽ˿µʮѾﵽĸ߼׶Ρ
һˮ㼫ˣļĴڣļ۷壬˰ٿʵԼĻ֮ͽվĽշħԷʮʵ
ˮˣʱо֮õֻԷɵʵое٣ڲ֪֮İԵ֮һУ޷ܣսڼ䲻ɽı̬
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ôļ۷ԼͽվҲֻʣʮʵ
ˮƲסû뵽һͻƾܿԺļĽа壬ļ۷ԼҲֲ˺ô
Σ
ˮ͵̽һɫĲӰǳһҵĻХ˫ֲϵı任ʹ꣬һʹ·ɽѹϬ·Ҫ˺һ㡣
ˬ
һδ꣬ˮоûˬ죬ֻòĸо൱á
ǧӡ
ˮͻǰѾǧӡʵڴӡǰƺʵˣһµ
𱱶ǽǿġʩչʵҲ˺ö౶κǧӡҪһЩ
ˮᶪҪ֪ʵģֻҪܳס֮԰ķӳ˵ǽɲѰĽ棬Ӧαˡ
̫ȭ
ͨȭ

ͻƺЩǷ˷츲صı仯ǹսֻйǿˣսܸǿһٻᣬǰ䲻ͷһյĵһûйսֻǻӡ
𾳽Ȼ޷ʱķУֻǶʱȴǿٶȣʱڵٶȱͬķһҲǷʱرķ֮ȻҲȻҪޡ
ˮʥ֮֡롢𡢰Ƿ˱ʵı仯еϹǰǿ̫ˡ
ˮйϹΪģͻͽҲ
ļġ쵤ЩӲûͻƵ弶쵤ˮڸоܼߣÿһıˮڻʱ
ÿһʮҲʮʹˮоô˷ܣοʮҲżһı
ˮûа;ϵϰߣҪˮо⡶쵤Ӧòô򵥣ﲻ˵ϾǴ˵еϵﰡ
ʱˮͳɾȻȥ칬ġ޼е۳ˮʱ롣
֪׺ǿģ̺ͷ޼ȥңˮһƮ
ˮֻ˵۳һΣѵѾͻȥ̸ͻˣ˼һֱڲ׺
ˮ
۳Ʈɽº󿴵ˮ
㣬½ˣһԶٷ
ˮ΢Ц˵
۳һ㶽Цϲ㣬߰ɣ

һμ϶ҵˣĺͷ޼㲻ˣ۳ˮĿкһҶһѰǵˡ
˺ܷʢˮû϶ɾģóɾõľƣ
һٷһʱ
ȻϯһˮͼŮһЩѣ칬ˣڶ칬Ҫǰء
̣˿νܶ࣬ҵżҪ̤ˣǰأһЩƷߣ̫ûλá
ˮԼ칬Ҳû˺칬ŶԿˮҲֻܽãʹܳΪҲܳΪˡ
ôܳƵѵָҵ鷢ˮǾѲڶֻ࣬Ǻѣֻʱ֣ôȫ綼Ҳûκá
ϣһֻǲ｣㲻ѣ
ĵļѶ֮ˣˮվ칬λҵѾˣ˵Ѽ飬ʵڻ֮ҵһЩѡ
ˮԼŮѵǻмԼ޻˵۳һҶ裬׺ºͻѾΪԼŮˡ
ܿ¾͹ȥˣˮû¾ȥɾһƽʱǱһӶ˳㶽˵
ƽȴǺ̤ʵ׺±µĴ󲹣念ĺܿ죬ǿ߶
СӳҲǺܿ죬ճСÿ춼Կڳһ񾢣ڶ֪ˡ
Ѿͷ㿴˭ˡ
ˮŮ˵ţ߿Զ𽡣
ˣ
ԴӲ׺С֮󣬵۳ʱһ㶼һΣˮ벻׵ƺϲС
ţѾͷùñ
۳ˮнӹСѾͷóһֻµССѾͷϡ
ˮŵ۳СѾͷ̬رǵ۳ɫޱȣͻȻˮ뵽۳
ĸ磬ֱ͸˵Ůʵ˵ǵδ͹ȥġ
˵ڱĸַ֮ӦһǲҪӣ־庢ӣẢӣǺԼһ
ڶ־ǼӱĶԺӺãԼǰûеõļӱĸԼĺӣԼһԸһ
ˮʲôҲû˵õ۳뵽Щ£ֻһߺЦĿţ̲ס뵽ݵİ˺ܳʱĵط


585 ɣ
㣬˵Ҫȥ᲻ѹ
ˮͻƺ뵽ÿҪȥݣԼܵĳȥˮԶǰǸֲм
ҺͰûκιϵûĶңֺαִڴˣۼҺͰûκιϵ֮ڻе۳Ϊĸġ
۳̧ͷЦſˮ˵
ˮһ۳Ǹңû뵽۳ʱôҲ֪ͰĹϵãӦǺܽˡ
оǰʱ˵ĻˮоҲûô򵥣ûаԼӦΪԼѾǸˡ
һԼֳô󶯾ˮԼ֪ǺûǻܸоҪ鷢ӦûԼͰ顣
ʵˮڲΪݣӦòģΪʵˮоҲֻһ۷塣
үү˵ļĴڣûи߼Ĳ֪ˮֻܵȣоҪٵʵ
ˮ㲻Ҫ㻹ԺͰԿٹһЩʱϣ󡣡
۳ˮɫæ˵
֪İɳ㣬ٵȵȣܿҾʹȥһεۼҡ
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۳ˮЦˣȻͷٿСѾͷʲôˣ㻹ҪҸͷϵλԽԽ󡣡
ģҡ
۳һ𣬿ˮͷǴˣҲϣһʱ嶯Ҷ޷ˡ
۳ЦָָСѾͷ
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ˮ׿ҩΪ㡱ϾҪˣ˵ⵤҩҪֻжʮ򣬵ˮǱһЩϣģӦòСɡ

Ϥˮͣû̫ļȻʶ³Ķҩ
ҩǧݵġǧơǧڡǧ갲ݡɫǧѪʯۡ˫ͷ㡢˫ͷ꣬塢
ҩˮɿЩˮóɾѼҩѾ൱ḻˣֿҩ̾óϵĸоˬ
е˫ͷ˫ͷˮǧƽҩѪѾԽǧϰ۴档ʯǧϰѪֱӿɾи㵽
ˮſĵĿҩЧ
Ч˯ٶǳ˵ÿ֧ʱʱ䣬ʮʱпʹһ
ɣˮڶ֪ʲôоⶨ˵˾˯֮пʱٶƽʱϰÿֻʱʹö㡣
һҲඥһ˵һĿˣʱ˫ĹЧˮⵤҩҲǿˣ˯ʱʹþ񵤣˯ʱʳ㡭
ˮĿ󣬾һҩǿһ飡
ٿһ飬ûǿһһ飬İ֮һҲҪ֮һ
ҡҡͷˣһҪһʱ䣬ȰⶨƳɡ
׼һкͿʼƣ˳ʱ˵Ҳܿ죬һγʮСֻѴС
Ѿˣֱһţ۾ܿ磬ڵĻһԸܵˮڵľѭת
˯һû˴ʱ׼ʱ;˯Ļʱ˯ţǶ㡣
ˮֲû˿ƣʵҲ״̬һ֪ⶨʵġ
ԺҩֶһҪƾڻҪƶ㣬ʣµʱˮôжȹ
ˮڳɾʱѾƳǧĶ㣬ˮʱԵ˶ʮ
ܿҪµʱˣ컹ҪٴΰһϯҪһЩʲôģǾݴ½ϰף֣ΪСӸõĳˡ
ǧĶˮȫָ˺ͼŮ۳һҶǣӾ񵤣Ǿ䣬Ϸʳ㲻õڶ쾫ӱ
ǷǳҪģԻ˾Ϳʼ׼ˣĻͰĴ㡣
ˣصڵңǰԺྫµʯǰµģſٶ
һһ̨ӣҲһСͶ̨ݴ½ʢУһϾд顣
ˮǲǲϲΪʲôҷٱϱ
׺±Ŷˮɻʵ
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׺ĿˮһۣȴЦˣܿģû¶ҲͦõģǰҲֻǴȤˮѡ
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ͣѾ½½ˣĺͷ޼иϡ۳ľ͵ˣȻкһɺҵľͷ
ôҪһЩӵģ칬һҲռݣԲ˵˭Ҫ̵һֻԴŵʱŻᷢ顣
ҩڡؼҡڡ˫šɼҡ½½ǰÿһ˶ǿޱȡ
һЩŻŮڲԶĴ̨裬ûеƹʲôЧȻЩŮҲһЩΪģм켶ʵ
ЩŮˮǰһЩһģǵĵλЩŮ˿ɱȵģЩŮǲϵڸأ˵һŶھݸأʵǿ
һɾͲζȻôˮûʹԼЩˮɲԼ鷳ʦǴģݶģķ˻൱óԵġ
һֱ磬Ѿǧˣÿһһͷ̨ϲϵһЩļɵȥдһһʱ䵹Ҳڡ
ңû˸ŪѧͲģǲˮӣѿˮܺǺù
ͻȻһ߿̶
˶ԶеļֻˮüͷϤĳ֣ϵĿӣ͡¶۷

ˮһӶǣһֻ־˴ʮˣգ۾͵ʱ۳ҲˣˮһεĿ⡣
ʮ˻ңͷǰͼǰһûκα仯ˮٿǧ˵ݽ˵ߣмĺһȻû˵˭ĶܸܵĿеӡ
Ȼо㲻ʲôԶȻȻѡ˳Ĭ


586 һзϵ۳ĳ
û뵽㻹ţǺӶˡ
ˮ˵ǿԶĵ۳
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ϡĵߵˮߣǵĿˮ޺չҲˣˮȴ΢ЦҡҡͷԼĵ۳
Һϯλ͵ģҽ컶ӭǣǱ飬ϣ˵
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ˮڶĻѾˣˮ붯֣ǲֻ֣ܶϲӣֵĻܸое㲻ʺϣ𼶱ս¾ӡ
ɣϲ㣬һӶõġ
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ˮòҲ֪˾ǰǸӣҲǵ۳ҪܵˣǰС
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в㰮˭ѵͷҪǸ˰㣿޸㣿
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ʵҲûʲôĳЩϻת䣬Ҳϲ۳ϲ۳˶ˣҪǺܷˮų۳˵
ʲôһȥû˵ķݡ
ˮָо˾ˮ˵۳һ
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˲ʮļΪʲôСʱԼǻĸסֳʦһһ֣Լ˭
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㲻ҪˣҾȫᣬ֪Ƿ⣿
ü˵֪ѾͷǿץסߣȻ治֪ôأֻҪһʱСӽͿԡ
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˵ͷΧˣҪǿ˻ܶεСһֻǵתҪʱȴǱˮץס
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ˮˣҪԣҪ嶯㲻һˡ
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ˮ΢ЦĿŵ۳ûеôš
ˮĻ۳ĬˣҲûжϤֻûж룬룬ˮ˵ĺܶԣԼ߲߶һһаǲŹġ
Сɿ֡
ǸȴǴҪȴǱסûõĶȥ
һŭĿŶˣǻҵһﶼǺܣÿεʱֻˮһԡ
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ˮ²ԼĽվɱһ۷Īǲ֪ˮʱ䣬ȥôʱ䣬ѵǲΪԼչҲġ
ƾ㣬Ц֮
ЦĿˮǰһˣƺǰ΢΢һôһΡ
׼ûҺӵϯҪûôʱǡ
ˮסȥ

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ˮת۷壬˫һ̤ͬնֻٶȱ˺ö࣬һ˺Űеİȥ

Ƶһֻ޴ĺɫצ
ˮó֮ʱûʲôоֻǵˮնóֻ߲ܵշԾʱ仯Ǿ޴Ļצʱ֪ԼȻôԶġ
ģ
޴ֱŰǱڵķ쭶ȥˮɲþɢԼˡ
Ȼ˶Ѿ֪ˮߣɱϾûۿֻǵ;˵ʹţޱȡ
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ɶأѪײλǸˣҲǰĶӣֱӽǸ׳ײɼŶѵĹͷͲҽ
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ȻһбĿѪֻˮ֪ˣ׳ΪһˮԼĻʱɱһ˲ʹġ
ˮӰ̨һŰȥϷʵı飬ˮһʵѾܾˡ
ʵûˣʹңǰһСһ㣬ǧﱼЦЦ
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ʣ˿ˮж߲һУǼҲˮģһͷҳ
ԼҲûѡҶָλʹ㡣
ˮ̧־ҪŰͷȥ
ס֣ɱ˰ǲŹġ
Сӣģʶͷ˰


ˮЦȻѸٵȺֱӽеһ˷ϵǰȳֱӱˮĲУʹҲϲ졣
ҽ컹ɱȻȥˮвŷ̫ûˣ˻һΪһҽҲҪŪ
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޵Ŀˮһۣҿ۳ͬҲԹޱȣ˵Ǿܿʧǵ֮ڡ
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ʵͨ죬

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Ȼ²ˮϣ˵ϣңˮߵĵ۳
Ŀˮܾö޷ƽ˺һŷˮԼ߾վš
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ΪʲôҪ˵Բ𣿡
赲ɱܸоǷģģҲô᲻ֻԺһȫſ
۳ε˵
ˣҪѹˣֻҪ߳ǷǼҲĸԸʲô㲻ϣϣܿ֡
ˮЦŰο
ˣոˣһޱȣرһݵĿˮû뵽СôͻˮԴﵽ߶ȡ
ˮڽǰ⣬ˮоǰӦøһ㣬˰ˮûиоôɣѲˮĹ˼ɣνļҲǣˮĵǰŸǿߡ
ˮȷһΰȥǲǻǿߣˮ֪ҪԼʵһҲҪʱ䡣
ˮԼ˵ҪúõĹȡʵһ̨ס
ƽжȹ˶㣬Ͼ񵤣Ҵ󲿷˵ʵƽȿٵǰɾĺʲôѾʳá
ϻԪԪʲôģˮĵ¶ŷǷãżǽԪͨһЩСѨǳ


587 ԲĽ֮ͽջ壬̬ıս
һת۹ȥˣ
ƽӺܳʵˮǿѾ´ĺӣϴһ̫ȭʱ䶼Ǳźżָ
һˮʵõȹ̣ľ糹׵ȶϹǿҲͻƵһ죬˰ʵȻ͡쵤һһ
ʵǿˣҲף𼶱һ൱ѵģȻҲʮ궼ǰһ
оˮо쵤Ҫͻ弶εĽ֮ͽջƺͻƵļˮڴ
ǶԽ֮ͽջڴ֮ͽջվˮˡ
սսˮڴΪսģҲÿתս䲻⡣
һˮ˼ǻֻٴηԭĲһߴСڵһףˮЦ׳ĺ·ʵһͻͽ弶֣һֻӴﵽʵ൱ס
һлˮȵģȵõٶȣĿԺ۷ȣֻǰ֫Ȼö
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ɾĺôʱδʱԵİȫ˴ľǱͲ˿ɱȵģǿ߶ѡ񰲾һȥɽҲԭ򣬵ֶûˮɾȫɿ
ɾֹ죬ˮ˫ȻͬʱϵĽʢķٴγ֣ˮڿǷѾǰôˡ
֮ͽջԲ
תһɺ嫵ߣˮϲͽվһڵĽ֮ͽջȻǿıս
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죡ıս
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ɽ
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çţ

һˮϹǿѾﵽ˶ٶʮ죬һʱɾоʮ꣬ͻһ졣
ˮıʵﵽһٶʮֻʵѾﵽİʵϽܺͱǽԼĻˮʵѾﵽٶʮ߿ʵ
ȫĻϽվİļ۷ŵˮһûûҹĳɹ
ȻҪΪɾԼ϶;񵤵ЧɼϹǿ;ݹѶȡ
һжֵˣ弶Ҳܣֻˮ֪ܵסܸоɱǲǿɱ²˿ϵ˺
ǧӡͻ˺ĹԣԿԼǿ߾Եе㲻㡣
ҪˮоԼΪʱѾˡ
ӦںܳʱʵǿĽ㵤ҩҲУΪˮ֪˵ҩһԣһٿʳһɵĵҩ˵Ӧʮʵ붼òܡ
ƷҩƷҩƷҩиԣˮһҲ֪ƷҩӵʵԳ忤Ʒҩ಻ԳʮˮĿǰͲˡ
֪һеˮ֣оʹȻǿޱȣҪ֪ȻһֵҩԳ̫࣬ͬҲУҩ̫ˣֻҪܸõ͵ҩҲʵͻͽѣˮид
ڵʵˮ̤ʵʹǰˮҲоϴǰ㡣
һûٴǰ⵹ˮƣ˵Ӧ÷ģûˮӿġ
뿪ɾѾٽˣ߳ˮſȥ


ˮУ۵СһſС첲ˮµСϹſĵЦݡ
ˮϽһһǱѾһµ˵һЩ򵥵ĻҲ·ˣֻǲ׺Ҫһֱţ
׺һ߿ˮĵһһСϵЦˣǷҸЦݣǸŮˡ
ˮǲȥˡ
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д˴㣬Ҳ㲻棬౴ʵҲͻͽǿѾ۷ˣҪġ
ˮĵЦ
ָϵҩһЩǿʲôҲһá
˵ˮͳڴû˵ʮ۷壬оֶֻ۷ޣԳϷԳǴޣϵĴһϷֻèСһ߶೤ͨϽɫƽʱ˳һУȫգצӺи綾ٶͣ͵Ϯǿ
۷ߣȴֻ۷ޣˮĶе㼵ʣֲӵĵ˽ǿƾһ֮һɵĴڡ
ˮһֱû뿪ʵڵȰǰˮµԼ뿪˵Ļʯ¶ԷɥĲ񣬲ʲǻûеֵز
ˮ׼ڵȰ꣬аûˮǰݣȥһˣ˽һζԹ
ϵʵʹˮԼеһеҩøϷʳһ飬ʵҲʮ˵ӲˣϾǰʵ̫ˡ
ˮУһ治һһϦγɵģҪʮϰٴ˵ŬۻܳΪĴ塣
򲻴ˮ֪Լ̫ˣеϣģｫһǿ߾ԵģһҶ˫ŮͼϵŮӾԲ
׺ºͻҲǽ٣˵˵ҪһЩ౴ҲһΪˮоûʱǿ
ʵûа취ˮͰѽվһվʵҲڲϵǰˮһֱɾͻ˻޶һƽ͵ڣһ꣬վɾо꣬ʵԭһٶʮڵһٰʮڽ֮ͽջʮʵ
ͻʱԴﵽµ߰ٶʮշħԽͶԷһɵʵļϽվҲ
οվɱȺɱս̤뵽Щˮоɺܶ࣡


588 նˮͽŭĿǿǰ
ʵˮǵİԼڵʱǰңҪǽվңϾͭǽˣԾ뿪ҲôǣңȻǰǶԷ˲ߵһļ
οаʱ䣬ҲˣرʵɣҲʮСѾͷΪǿһڡ
֮ͽջԲٴγսˮϤģնˮͽŭĿ
նˮͽվĲֻ࣬ڻܣСɵľ綼ûдﵽٶȺޡ
ŭĿͬҲܣе˫ۣԽŭĿķʽԷһļöԷ˲ʧĿʵԽǿɹԽ͡
ˮս⣬ԺҪ¹ˮϣһնˮҲܴﵽԲ֮ͽջԶһٶȡ
ڽŭĿˮо൱ķѾˮоҪӦúѣһɹˣԶԷĴ
һˮһɾ;ǻΰ̬ͼĳɾͣǿĴﵽƤԲ磬żԻѪ⡱ĳ̶ȡ
ǱʵˮﵽѪ⡱ĻͼһѪϻǸо·һֻϻվǰ
ƤĻͼڴﵽƤ۷壬Ȼ˸оһȻĺܱ档
ǡƤ͡Ѫ⡱ֻѪܿϻһˮҲֻżԴﵽѪ⡱ľ硣
ľšƤѪ⡢ǡǡ
־һֱһѣˮ׼ڽİÿԽѪ⡱ľȹ
ŻͼˮҲŻʮţԽԽо±ʣֻϺ̬ˮڵԻġ
ûа׷ѣˮżԻﵽĳɵЧоȥʱǿȺ׼˲٣ƺһָо·һرϵͼѪһͬľĿŶԶ
ҲˮԺҪŬĻѾҪᵽǡ磬ںģˮ룬̫ˣǡԺľ粻ֻҪŬҪĻǲȱʡ
иǰȻһֱûжֻһˮõĹ˵ǰ˲֪ٱ
ϴвˮڵİİһܰȫСѾͷˮ԰ƵһرΣյĵزɿԼܿԶִҪɱСѾͷĻԼҲñɱ
ģˮԿ϶Ǹ¾ԻѡŵСѾͷԼԼʵҲԼʱա
һˮʵʵսõ츲صı仯رǽ֮ͽջﵽԲ磬սڵıս
ʵԽԽо֮죬ԭԽսҲԽ֮ˮ˺ɱ⻹һǺһˮöҺΣȻ֪ڵĺжǿȴǿԸܵʱϢǰֲ˺ܶࡣ

׼ʲô
ﱧˮĸ첲Ц
СѾͷһٴγ࣬ѾʮˣŮҲʲôǻδѣСǺһҶơ
ˮóǰѷúܳʱĺԹǰòŶĹǼʼ޹ǣҲ𼶱޹Ƴɵġ
ѱʦɣû¶ں߷ŷ
ˮЦŵݸ
һõֵ￪ĵıˮǵãôõĶøңһΪء
˵գգ˫峺ˮסСӣҵŮһһ̫ˡ
أҶ˲ұӣҺ͵ģ֪ˡ
ˮֻһֺõЦ˵
ѾͷˣҪúǼġ
ˮЦ˵
ʱһҶŷ˽Сӵˮû˶룬ֻǺһҶ衢һȹ
ЩֻҪˮڼҶôģѵġ
ˮһгӣһҶϹЦݡ
ףķ㡣
ﻹǺܻ˵ģСǻŹֵ
˵ٺҲûãҲ䡣
һҶЦſٿˮкһԷ
һٷֱӳԵ˺ҹѿʼˣġƹ⡱¹䣬ʱǳѡ
ֹһᣬͻסˣסںﲻԶһС¥ʣˮһҶˡ
֪Ӽﵽڶʮˡ
ˮһ㣬ƺѾصǰ
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˵治֪ԼԺ𣿡
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Ҳ֪˵ҪҪ
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ϣڵĻȻҪҪֻҸĻҸоҪܴ󡣡
ˮû˵֪һҶԸܵΪ֪¶ζ
ֳĻҲϣСѾͷҸֵĶȹһڣЩҪԸĻԶŮ
һҶ迴ˮ
һֱҵŮʹԺڣҲҵŮһ
ˮ˵
һĸ㡣

ӹúƽˮ֪ԼҪ뿪԰ʱ䶼˼ˣĻСӡ
ºٴţ˲Ҳʮˣÿһǻ֮ˣü׷ѩһͷ
ܵЩǿϢʱˮ֪ԼȵˣﲻŷˣϾͰҲи˶ˡ
̧ͷſʮֻ޴ͷÿһֻСʮףͷ߾ѤëֻͷײޱȣִֻצӺһ˫ĳ
ʮֻͷڿգе̫ڵˣ
үү⹫ǶԶһ㡣
ˮչ˵һƬأһΰҲһ˶ˡ
ˮ̨һһһ̤ȥˮʵҲʱ䣬ԲŲæһͷŴʱ̤ͬնʮߡ
Ϊ׵һˣ˵߱Χ˰ͷһ˵òǿͷˮ֪ǰĳ
ʮѹ൱ģˮĺȻȴ˿η壬ôһͬʱҲǸо˼顣
ǿһʹҲǿʮ
ľŸԵıǰҪһЩˮо൱𾪣ļ֮ľУļľȻ
λ֪ʲô飿
ˮһֱߵһĸ߶ʱͣ
ݳô治ף˾ȣˮҰѻ˵˰ɣˣǰˣӦòʲô˰ɡ
Ϊ׵ĸߴ˵
ŶģҪ˵ҪˣΪǻġ
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ǰԼһǰ治ɫܰһзϵô˵ҲҪ۷ʵɾҲܿô̹Ȼԡ
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ƺڰϲôѹֻںһ
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ҪǰǶµĻ֪᲻ǿе
ˮĿˣϵЦҲʧˡ
һˣˣϲˣܻڲûɣͻˣû㹻ʵ˭ԸЩˡ
ҪܰгҰҲӾݴ½ʧֻоõ𣿡
ȴǴЦ·Цһ
Һͺ棬ǰôܻڣ֪ΪʲôǰҪ͵ۼô˾Ͳѱ˸ƽˡ
ˮ˵۾˵
ƺôһĻңԶɣˮ֪ҲڻԼаֻ֣ǧҡүүۼһǿеѰȡ֮ġ
Σ˵ҰԶ۸㣬ǿʳھݴ½ÿ춼ڷ̤Ӧ֪ûпɽţҼĵһһݵˡ
ϸһĨ̵ļ㡣


589 նɱ˶ϰĶԹ
ãȫϰɣʡһҪһǡ
ˮóϽܺͱǽһѵķáѪ⡱续ļ
СӣôŵļҲ˼˵һ¡
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ԶͷҲص˵
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һߣһڵˮȥϵɫƽޱȣˮĿᶨ

ˮܵߵʵЩ˻ǰʮҲˣɱһһҪĸһȻгվ
ˮѾᵽ۷壬ܷϣ߬һķ
ͻȻߵͻȻˮеɫҲǴһɺɫתųˮ
ҿÿٶȣյͷ
ˮҴ⣬ƺž綾ԼһµĻϾ군ˣһ
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ˮһѵĶͬһʱеĸ˳ԼİԶӡ
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ܳȥļҲס˲Ĳҽ
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ļҲסʱĺĸʴֵƬ̣ǾʹֱǷ˵ֿζֱ
ԶӴʱǸޣǸֵӾȻ԰ס޷Ÿ˲ĸ
ˮŸԶסÿֻסԷһʱ䣬һʱﵽٴοƸԷס
ʣµ߾δľһ𣬾Ȼһʱ䲻ֵˮˮǺʱͶ㡣
ʱɲϣȻܿͻеȰԶӻعˮ֪ǿɾ鷳ˡ
ǰһι䲻ףмˮöûгɹǱסİԶӣˮҲΣǸպÿԶ
Զʵǿ󣬸סԷʱ̫̣Ժû¾ͿԶ㿪ԷʣµϼʹϱסҲᱻϴŶ㿪
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ǰԷˣӲ壬˼ǰٷ֮٣Σգɵľ̤ڿ޷ʹãֻдﵽԲܺ½նʩչ
ˮҪǽﵽԺ඼һСľͻ﷭οʣµУļһģȻˮֱӳȥͽվˡ
ڰԶӣˮо弶ˮøһֱøǿסԶʵǿһЩ⸿סˡ
ʱ򣬸еġصˮУŭİԶóһѪɫľݴ󵶡
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ˮֻԷٶȣȻһһδεĺͶԷײˮȵʱһƬȡ
ˮҲǷԼĽӴԷǼ׵飬ҪԼڵҲֻԸڶԷķ˵Լǻ׹ȥ˵ĻԼݲð
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ڰԶӵĴʱˮ칬ı
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ۣ
ٶ࿤ʱȴǳǽڰԶӵǰļϣٶ࿤ǽ顣
Զǲ˼Ŀˮ۶ãȻӿȥܾòŴʦͽˤѵ
ȻˮĿŷŵʣµϣλңǰһһ


590 иٴǰɽ
ڰԶӵȥʱˮﳹ׵һһʼԼĸɵһվҲ˲ɱһ
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ʱʣµҲˮߵͬʱȴ˺ܶ࣬رǺ͸
ˮоûаĻսûʤĿܣȻ˺ı̬ǲɺӵġ
⡰²˿¡Ҳ൱ĺöƵŵرĶˮϹŶ֮һǰǿ١
ر²˿ϵս˺ǿģˡԽɱ˵ǿսǶԷ൱̬̬ʹһǶԶԷв
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ŭĿһļöԷӣͶԷƣҲмöԷʧ͵С
ΰ̬ͼ


ն಻ѹɾ챦ѧЩս̫˷ˣ˵ѧϰһԴﵽǷ켫
⻰ǲ˵Ǳ츳޵ģﵽһȵ컹ѣɾˮûбҪҪţǣóһʱǸʱԶһЩģʶ㣬ΪĹͻҲҵǸͻƵ
񻭷ͻΰ̬ͼΰ̬ͼ߻ͷǿȣڵȼˮѾЩҪġ
ľˮҲǰѡѪ⡱ľȶȻҲȹļֻԺĽչ΢΢Ҳ֪չ嫵ΪʲôȼߣԽȾԽѡ
ǸƺһˮоеעˣϵƺҲǿˣϧֻͨܿ֡
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ŮȫǲǸȥλ
һһտȹ޵ŮԱߵһŮ˵
ŮͿʮˣϸ񣬳ׯű˵Ӻݹɢ
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Ůӿʮ˫۾·Ǻҹеһ㣬üԶɽˮһ˫ͫڣһɱѩصĸо޾ǧ֮⣬öȴһ⡣
ʱһ΢Цʹ΢Цһֵ⣡
ˮڴһϳŮӾڻɽǸŮˣֻǲ֪ˮǲǻǵŮӡ
ŮôƳ籸Һܺ棬ô˵ҲҵľˣǶľжرˮ֮
Ů΢Ц˵
ûƳҪĵҩκףҲ˵ʵֲ˵
ŮҲֻŮǰŻһ
˪ʰʰ⼸׼ȥ
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ţã

Ǳ̬
ˮһȥɽʱһӴѹѹˮıʵֻʮ
ҺˮĹæһºһˮʵԱϴЩҲԼĶ֡
ϴε̤ƱϾ⻹û̫룬ֻǡǳĻɽ޾Ѿʮ忤ʵ


591 ѰƼ
ˮʱٴоһ¸оһŲرͼڵŮӦûҪ룬ӦҲǿΪˮܵɽԽԽ֣޵ʵȻҲԽǿ
ǰˮΪϾ⻨ɽİֻ̤Ʊ֪Ҳ⻨ɽİȴϾ
УûзгȺݵʱˮϻٵŻɽڲȥ
ֻҪһɽˮͣȻͿʼ۲ǷǲرͼеɽϵȻɽϵѰŮ壬ɽеɽܶ࣬һˮ಻ԡ
ˮٴοһɽվɽһֵʯͷϣóرͼٴϸĿ
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ˮĿڲرͼŮʯϣȻڿΧó۾Ůܸߡ
оŮڵɽϵƺܳȻرͼɽϵԼĲ̫ǿԸܵɽϵܳɽϵ᫵ӺܹŹ֡
ˮҵɽϵȻ˳ɽϵȥ̽ѰνŮ壬УˮٴγϻͿշС
Ⱥͽ䣬ȺͷɵУһʱ䵽Ҳ㿪ٵȺֻǺܿˮͿЦ
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ʵˮ֪ڰԶӴǰʱүүҲݣԶԶĿһУֻˮıˣˮȻһ˾ͽԷʰԾû¶档
Ҳһ̣֪ҪһɳģԼԮ֣һ£һڴ˲ףοн顣

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үүٴγ֣һѰһҸԶԶעҵĶ
λˣ룬طѾ׼ˡ
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üͷ۾ԶԽԽľ޴ס
Ǵ칬ģ˶ˮҲ֪˲٣ˮ˵˾ͺܶ࣬ϰ;˵ҲǶһ̵ʶҲˮ˽ĸһ㡣
ҲԶ£տɫȹŮˣֻһɴһӺݹŮûдɴ
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Ů˾Ŀߣ۲תƺһЩ顣

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óˮһ˫һֱûдҲ֪ôպôϡ

̸Űɡ
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ллˣ
ľ˪Žӹ΢Ц˵ֻɴסգǿԴ˫пЦ⡣
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ˮԶ̴деֲǵɽϵԶԶȥһֻӵɫһ
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û֣Ҳûнܣеƺڳ˼һˮûзʲô󣬰Ŀ⿴Աߵһ
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߳ûжԶʱһʮŮ˹Ůһʿܿɣپ£˫۾رһβرгһ۲۵СŮ
ʱԺ󽹼ĺѾˮ
ƣţʲôˣ
Ҳǻ̻̣Ůѵã۸Լҵĵַʲô¶Ҫˣһˡ
㱻Էˡ
һ۾Ȼˮˮ磬ȥȥ
ˮ˵Ժƽˮ֪̣
˵ʲôأҺһȥ
ˮԵļ
ˮԿȥɣùˡ
æ˵
ˮͷгԸϽǸһˮĻżҷȥˮżЩ˽⡣
żһĩˣ޷칬ɱȽϣȴǿԺĴ岻ֲ١
һҪҺܵ͵嶼֪ҵĴڣȴǶ֪ЩҵˣԲŻ顣
ƣ߶೤ʱˣ
Խʵ
㱻ǴҾæ˹ڹҲˡ
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ˮûӿٶȣͬʱԺСŮ£ˮڲ֪ʲôоΪݺԼٳˣϾû˻ңȴû뵽⣬֪ԺŮĹϵ֪ҵˣżҼҲô
żλݳǵıԵ꿤ţ޷лܿ͵ˣò̫Զģϻĳǿٶȡ
ģԣµġ
ˮοԡ
ţˮڣʲô鶼ܽ
ǿЦ


ھżҲԶʱ㿪ʼ߿ˮֱûͣżҵϿա
żҲǸһׯ԰ռغܴ󣬵ǸûʵľԺе̨ͤ¥ȫвϴǡ
ԷˣץŮһίһż𡣡
ˮ󣬵ȴǿĴԲʮÿһ˵ĶС
汾вˣʱͣһֻôĺɫӵĻµһը˹
Ϊֻ˲żǵġ
үˣҾ˵żҪүϡ
һ˵
ʲôˣǲ֪żҡ
иֵſд
˴ֿɨüۣǣ죬ǳ

ֱһڵĴǸȥ


596 ȣ̻꣬
˻ż¶¶ż֪Ǹµˣֻϧô˵طҲˡ
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޴һҽжûдֱӻ˻ҽըĺĽܿͽһȼգܿ콫ݻɻҽ
龰Ҳû˸ҿܿ½߳˲ˣô˵ǰˮҪǲǼˡ
һٵ˳һֱߵǰԺǿſеˮ;޴Ļ񣬵ֻʱŭһӿ
żᣬ֪ΪΡ
ԷżҵʲôӦŮһˣҪĺ
ˮƽĴߵĻ
ȥǻ˶ҳȥĶ
Աߵһ˺߿ֱˮǿĴڡ
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һߴȻٵ뿪
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һ˫¥УһӢ˫һرŮϸһߵ̴ľɫϰһƯľŮӡ
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żң˭ծŰɣǸ֪Ķܿͻȫʬ
аȵЦַֻɽԽ룬û˿⡣
û˺ҪżҰ㽻ȥ𣿡
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żҰҽȥ˶ˣһһúõĴ
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أ
ֱӱ˴ֱ߿˽ſʱ龰ߵĺ˶һ쵽֪Ůˣͷ֪ڸġ
һƿڴһƽǸŮķɣ˺һͲٶˣȻſ򱻰ϵŮӡ
ԲСϹ˹С㣬ˣҽ޷ϣСһΪżҡΪ˵ûлǰұл⡣
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Ļ͸ס죡
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С㣬ˣԺҲˣСһ·
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֪ô£Ѿɱ׼ֻҪԼɱͻȻ飬һʱС
һоԼͷӦúܴżµ̶ֳȵ˾ǿޱȡһżҲԼģҵ뿪żһᱨ
ĬĵͷҲΣתѾܿˣ
ͷ˳ȥץԷ˳ȥԶԶĿеԡƻһ˿ꡣ
㡭
ƿĵĺ
ˮûȥƿٵܹȥס
ɵСӣȥοο
ˮһЦ
ԻͷˮǺЦȻһĽã·ȴǷŭĶԷ
С㲢ûܵʲô˺Ǹ⳥һЩģ㿴Σ
ĿԷȻſеˮЦ
ԷʱҲִˣʱҲŵĲҿ̧ͷ
żҵĺﰡ˶µϱҲ˵һô
ˮƤЦⲻЦ˵
һˮ°ݵ̨棬һ֪ҲǺǵġ
亹ԷҪһҲû˵Ŀǰֻܶסǵ졣
˶Ϊż鷳๼
ͻȻŤͷһһԷؿڣ
ꡭ
˲
żҽ޷ŭǸͷӵ
߻˵֣Ϊпܶסˮ졣
ǰˣҲԷĸϣȻˣżҵĴȴǸ˵һ֮䡣
İĿ⿴ϣʱܳż˵һЩû
ҲϵĿ⣬ٿѾȥԷȻſߵԣԭҵˣΪʲôҡ
뿿Լȡ㡭
ͷ˵
ɵ
ûˣһῴô
ߡ
ԣѾˣҲûܵʲô˺ֳŹǰɡ
ĵĿ˵

Ҳû뵽Ϊż飬ͬĿ⣬ε̾˿ͷ
ˮ磬һξ˰ɣԷѾˡ
ԺŮˮȻе㲻Ȼ˵
ˮ˿ȻЦˣ˻֮ԼӶû˿ԥܳʲôĿˮԸ˻ϡ
ȻĴûнú󱲣ΣȻǾеɡ
ˮͬҲ΢ЦĿ˵
뽲ͷҶ
һӭͷƤ˵
Լ֣
ˮƽĻȴһһ²Ż˵Լ
֪żұһҪ˳Ϊ鸺ԷףǱ

żҵżһȻʣµ˻סλû߷ּңżעû䣬ᱻ̲Ǵ½Ĳпԡ
ллֳ
ߵˮʱ˵
ллˮ磡
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ÿԼˣҪллðɣǵġ
ˮ΢Ц˵ʾǵϻ
ƿ½СȴҪһЩʵв磬Ҳ쾳硣
һֱҪһʵǿġ㡱ӣ۸ҲĸԸˮ㲻㣬ӻ죬ˮоҪʵֻϵֳŮӡ
ԣǵңΣ
ˮԣʵ˼ҪҪǵ鶨
ԺЦһȻһߵʱɫе죬΢΢ͷ
ˮͰ͵Ұɣ
ЦеΡ
λҺżм䣬ֻǾҪԶܿԺƵָ¿ҡ
ݳǣŲϺţֻĩȼ壬ҲһֱϣŮܼ޵壬ŮҲˮǴߡ
ҵׯ԰żҪԵܶ࣬ݴ½ֻҺɽΰׯϣռҲ㣬ֻ˻ûǿǮҲڼ԰һ̫š
ˮȻʲôҲ˵ұŮ޵壬ڵʲõݵһңȢҵŮֻĸϰԺĻҲῴϡ
鶨ˮֱ뿪ҳԷߴȴûдֻˮоԼôöŮҸΪۣãŮи
صʱŮѾСԽֻˣ
˿ˮӾ֪û£౴˳ˮ˵һ£ҲǷˡ
ˮ磬ԵŮǲǺһ󡣡
౴ҲĺǺЦ
ССԻû꣡
ˮ˵˵Ůѳʲôӣ
౴ʵ
˵
ƯƯ
Ǽ౴ÿ
౴

תۼ䣬굽ˣݴ½껭ľ̻ãرǴһһϣ˶ѡһϲϢҹ̻
Ҳ̻ˮ±ʣµļŮڣߵһЩˣڴҶ˴Ϥˡ
ԡɽʯԡ໢Ǹ̻˲Ͽձޱȣնˡ
ҵ̻ûжãΧҵ̻𣬶ʱһۿ֮նѤʡ
ѵЦŵҲͯΧĸ׺ԼİŮϵҸЦݣ̻ӳ޶ˣһ̵ľĶˮС


597 ۽𾦣͵۳һǰ
һѾǴˣҲΪгӣھݴ½һʽԡ޼뷢ϳ˵ķΣװ磬ԺʹѾˡ
ֻг˲ſȢޣԼˣȥԼѡǰ;̡
ҳɴˣ
ĵֱӱסˮĲӣ˫Ųŵأ
ô˻Сӣ±Ц
ˮıҡҡ
ڵǰʲôʱСӡ
һҶһ߿ſģҹһЩ˵ĸоǿĵĳɷָ
ҿʼһ̵ḷ̌еĴУĿ꣬Ϊ˲٣Ҳвٻ㲻ߣ۷ľλ
ȫ죬ˮҲ⼸뿪ԼʵѾʺˣҲȥһ۽磬ʵһЩʱҲɵ۳һҶ衢Լչ嫵Ը
ʨ롢ۼҡ壬һݣһڱʥݻһհޣۼҵҲһЩʨͶҪѪϴӵġ
ʨ룬ʥݵĶɣЩɿԱģ壬˵û弶ʵҪȥ
ڵΪ칬ΪΨһӣ˱ƵִӣˣǷݼ尾˻Ҫʹ࣬һ֮һɵĵˣһɵǿߣȴǱԼĶӣֻǱһЩǿ竵Ѱĸ
ˮѾ弶۷ˣˮܸоҲô򵥣հһ൱ģԴŵرڶһݣǿҡڶ࣬һЩǿĺʲôģǴ˵һЩǿĺҲûհޡ
ô궼ˣҲںһᣬˮٹһЩʱͷ޼ǰհޣֻصǱѪծ
ֵ˽ɾʱ䣬ˮصԼķ䡣
Ϲǿٴͻһ죬еĹһˮ׼ҩͻȻ뵽һͻ󻹲֪ûµսŹ֡
ʱͻƵģһʱȻˣˮæĳʶȻٵĿս߹
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ˮս˵ǹʱһ㶣뵽ǰ֪Ļ۽𾦣ǰл۽𾦿ԿһαװԿħֵ
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ˮھݴ½֪Ż۽ʲôЧޣȴû֡
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ˮҲ֪۽ôˣһ־֮ƽԷϵһЩʱԵ籦ʯ޾ʱԵҩ
ˮڲ֪Ż۽㲻ǿ󣬵ĳЩʱӦûһЩãҪ֪ݴ½ǿߣûвʯġ
۽СɡɡԲСɿƵԷʱһɣɿƵɣԲɡ
ˮоǲ㹻ǿ󣬷Ľһ۽𾦣ˮоӦòɡ
ʱˮǺܵĵģΪԼ۾ֽ۾Ҫԡ
ջ۽𾦵ˮĺ˳ȴǸоСɻҪһЩӣʱ۽ͨ۾ȴǲûʲôĸо۾ƽʱûʲôΨһˮоƺӺһЩ
ºˮ׼ٴǰݣһˮ͵۳һȥҲܿܺȥۼҿˡ
ˮԼĴ˵һ£Ȼȥ칬ȥ˸Щ칬һֱǸڴ
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Ҳǵһˣˮһ㶼ʱһΣʱһΣмûµʱȥ칬
㡣
ˮЦڸ϶棬Լ˹һ裬˳Ͻӵ߷
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Ǹˮͷ˵˵ڿսʤ𼸼ߡ
ƺˮʵǺ档
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ˮ˵ڴ򵹸弶۷߻ǿԵġ
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ˮ˵
һˮһϤļ壬ľ壬ϵʵӦرǿʵû뵽ľҲУֻǲ֪ľ嵽Ρ
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ˮоȥǰЩйشǲġ
ǺǣҲֻһЩǰҵģ˳˵һ¶ѡ
һߺŲһЦ
һΪʲôϲЩһȴǸأ
ˮŸϣʵѾ뵽ˡ
һʵ˵ݲע⣬ҲܿһЩǿߣڲһʵôһؼλã˺޷ʰ顣
ƽЦ
øϲˣ

ƮһֵصŮӣˮ΢ЦĴкȷˮҵ۳ٵ뿪
һ۳ˮֱӻȻ̤۳𽱳ϣһ뿪칬ɽ
㣡
ôˣǲҪ˵
۳ˮʵûдɴ׵ˮǵһοô𺳣оرϤɾˮ֪ѾٱŮͼš
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ˮڽȴû˿֮ĵŮӣе㲻֪Ȼ
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۳Ϊˮǲߣ᲻üһмˡ
ҪģҪһֱ͵ݣһȥݰɣӦúܿҾͻȥۼҿˡ
ˮЦ˵
۳Ŀˮ֪ٴȥʱԸԼǸ¶͵͵뿪ʱųˣǧĻԭգҺñǰƮ£һֱֻм䷢һЩͰ顣
ڵ۳ең˵һ£ǰԭģֻдַôˣдģǵۼҵˣȻ뿪ݵ칬һֱǰƮƮλô
ˮۼұҪǿĶࡣ
۳ˮЦˡ
֪Ҳ͵ۼҶ֣˵ԺҲ̾ȥۼңӦúܿˡ
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ãġ
ˮ˵Ļȴõ۳е죬ΪоղԼԼӡ
ʲôʱߣ
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ʱһζ

һֻ𣬵۳һϮѩ£ѩգһȾˣˮ˶Ѿˡ
ˮ۳ֿͬʤѩʳ̻һҶ裬ǵϢž˵ơ
ȻˮǰݣʱˮСһﻹ֪ˮҪ뿪һʱ䣬ʱĵĺˮЦ
ˮܲᣬȴҲûа취۳ˮнӹСһһҲҪȥקɴ
˰ʱʱ䣬ˮ͵۳̤𽣬ָˣ𽻺ķԶҵһģʧ
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۳ҡҡͷ
㲻𣿡
ĸףϧѾˡ
۳·뵽䣬Щ͡


598 ߵԵ˵س
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һˣˮ
۳ǳЦĿˮ׵޿ޡ
뿴ǲǿ԰ﵽ㣬˵Ϊµġ
ˮһôʱ俴ŵ۳
ҸоãʵѾʧرڡ顯ϣû飬ҺŮ֮飬֪ҪһˣҲ֪˭
Զһƽ
Ҳˮĸоϣˮôһеˣλеһ컵ĳڸǺܿҪˮһȥۼңڵܺˮ˵һЩζĻ
ģһҵһֿģ㣬Ҿļң˶ˣų飬һ±ˣҲܿ֡
ˮĹ¶ȴǲ֪ôֻܿԼ߳
ллʵѾ˵ҵˣҲоһЩ֡
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ЩҰżһЩ޺ޣҰ޾Ӷ࣬Ұ޵ĳֶǳǧֻеĸʮϰֻҰȺ켶ҲҪá
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ܿˮҡҡͷżӦûܿģһֱסһܹ¶ʱһĻɫɫ
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ˮһԼһƬΧһȦˣˮ۾ܺãԿߴ塣
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۳ˮ˵
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ϵ޺𴫳ǷҲХһ㣬˺ܲͨ˹Ҳñ
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۳΢Ц˵ֻ˵⻰еⲻȵģȵȻһ˵ĻѾ˵𽥵ϰһˣӦһˡ
ȥҸط񣡡
ˮûע⵽۳ɫ仯
һ΢һɽʯ֮أҲҵĵطҰ㣬ɭֻһľ롣
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ڸо̤ʵ̤ʵԭΪԱߵˣѾоܸߴˣ΢ЦŻźһУ־Ȼֵϲá
㣬㣡
ˮѿõһӵĺȵݹȥ
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ͻȻˮŲԶסˡ
ҲˮǸʱ䳤ˣ۳Ҳ̧ͷԶȻϵ鸴ޱȣҲֳһ˿ĺΣ͵͵Ŀˮһۡ
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599 ޣ
Цûĺջ˸棬ȴ˼֮ϴһ㣬˺ƽоԼһжű仯·ԡ
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쵤Ҳ͵ͨ仯Ҳοͻ弶ʱ˲ٵʱ䡣
һϻǰûдı仯ˮĿɫϧĿǰҲֻӱɷƺǷȱһˮöá

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۳Ůˮ߲ȥ룬һĴڣϧߵĳˮԼõǽڱһ
ʱˮõ۳᲻õĶϣŹصġʡҲˣˮҲǵһοʡ
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ҹʱվ̤ǰкҰܶˮ֪վ׷ȺˮҲûж
ڶˮú磬ڿտԭ泯תźȻ̫ȭеˮоرܣֻоЩȾĿ֪¡ȻϢǶôܡ
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ˮļˮ˳ŵ۳ָŵķȥԶĺмȻһ˴СĽɫӲӵעĿ

ֻһۣˮϳ޴ĽɫǴ˵еķ˵ĵطйֽյпܳΪ
Ǵ˵еʥ˵Ի׹ǣԵŵرȻȥһʱ䣬ʱ䳤ٺõҩҲá
ҩһر֮ǽرܺܺõϴ跥ǿǡǿԪΪֻҪʱ̫ܽӣΪֽ
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ˮҲǣһ۳Ӧػȴֲ㹻ǿ󣬵ȴǿס㿴ǧ׺޳ûԶһȴ岻סӦòǵĶ֣Ȼͳˡ
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оǰŷֵģ벻ʱ䶼ҪڷԶһʱ䲻ڷԱߡ
ˮ֪ΪʲôˣӦ޲ûжʱ䣬ԭʧˣȻҲỹû۾ܺúõĴڷж̵̣
ǧԺֻСΪǿޣֻмܵǧʱ䣬ˮȴֻҪꡭ


600 ñٵ
ˮɾ޵ӦǳǿģοˮǴŷߡ
ˮ֪ʱҪ죬Ȼһֻ޲ûʲô⣬ͻȻˣ
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˵ۿ˭ͻػ˭һ󲿷ֵ޵һۿĶޡ
úãˮ뿪ɾȻɳˮ棬ˮо뿪ҲͲһʱ䣬ȻС޹ƻ۾ˡ
ڵС޿˶ʱͻ۾֮ǰһϻˮ֪Ҫ뿪
۳ΪʲôͻȻʧˮˮʲôɻʱˮȴǴ
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㲻һֱֵ𣿡
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ˮָǰ߲Զǧҵׯ԰˵
ȻھǧһеʱȻ͵۳ǧȥڶݣǰĸоȴǽȻͬ
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ûһᣬǧˣˮĵĴ˸к֪ǸŮˮӺǧƷһ˵˾ˮи
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ˮľң̲סʵʱҲ
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ˮæ˵ͨǰǧ𶨾ɫҲ֪˶ľҾǳˡ
ľҲǺܳģȻŵ⣬ҲǸȦģľڵҵһŮˣҲǶľķˣľ磬Ůĸ˭Ҳû뵽ɽ¶ˮŮ˾ȻǸǿߣһֳһƴĶľ塣
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ǸŮӣֻ֪ǶľˣоǿʵΪƺʩһͬļǿˣΪ˹ֱƽͬҲǼ𣬶Եֶθɴܵ˵ԵǺܺõģҲܺá
ǰһжʲôģ֪𣿡
ˮôһŮΪʲôû˰ŮܵݣܵĿ࡭Լһܱҡ
֪ǼֵͦģľҺͶҵ飬ұ޵Уòֶνľ˶ˣͼľ𣬿ϧ󱻶ľ˵ѵסˣľԼҲܵסģֻڶľжɥʧ󣬶ľҳ˷磬û¶ľҵƿȨ԰عңľеĶǶҶ˼˵ޡ롯Ķ⻼Ƕľ˵ЩѰţ֪ʲôԭʱ䶾Ȼˣвҩʦ˵Ⱥöľ˵ҩʦˡ
ڵĶͶľҵڲأ
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Ȼܵ˳ͷҲʱ䡣
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601 ţ
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ҲʲôˣʲôҪҾ壬Ҫ;
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ˮ΢ЦŵͷһԼʵʲôǻǶԼܺãˮ֪ΪԼǵŮԼʵһεʵ˵һѾ൱޷ǧ𶨾ȣӦÿԼʵʵοûôʱԽ١
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ˮһȥһֻɫС޾ʹˮдܳϵľӨ͸Сֻһ׶һЩýˮк½Ĵٶޱȡ
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ǧ꣬ǧǳ꣬ɾǿʵֻҪʱɣʲôĵҩɾô档
ҹˮɾ濴˰ϵǣǧһ緹ˮ͵۳뿪ǰ񺣿

һ·ˮܸо۳仯֪Լ뿪йϵɲ뿪ôͽΡ
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602 ŭˡ
ȻˮͫԱ߱˵԰ˣС屻˰סͫһҹӣˮоܺÿȴǺꡣ
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ӣֵܲһȻֶˣ񺣿ʲôʱֵôˡ
ӿͫӸµ
ɱ
ͫû˿Ŀꡣ
ſͫ㣡

СУȴǱü˰ţϵߴȴȻƴ
ҲڷŭΣ׸Ҳûע⵽ԶµˣʱˮȴѾߵȺϡ
˭ƫҪңӲƣҲˣԶȴҵĺĵӣֱϵеٮٮߣǼߡ
ԶȻᣬ񺣿һҲˣŮѿ³Ҫܲˡ
Ҷ뿴ˣһôõŮҪ̣ˣ

ˮŭҲԼɺϵϣֵķŭѾˮԸȥɱǸ꣬Ϊˮоⲻеŭ
ˮ뵽۹Ϊǰ龰͵۹ˣȴ˫ʧȥ˼䣬ʹ޷ܵʱԱԭʧѡԵʧ䡣
ʧȥȫʧȥ䣬ѡԵʧȥǰԼ޷ܲԸԵһμеļĨ
ֻʹ޷ϵʱŻȻͻ˷ˮ֪˫Ӻ󣬳۾һϲãܺúţֻлŲϣ
ѡ񣬸ߣźֵܣڻأҪֹۡ
ԶûκαĿͫ˵
룬ҲӦ
ͫһѪǱǰĶµá
Ŷڶѡ񣬿ߵЩѾö첻֪ŮʲôζˣʹҲŹģѵҪǸһȥ𣿡
Զ˫˫˸žĹâ
ͫĬˣļˣԼҪǣԼҲð
Զ۾һЦ⣬̵Ц⣬ƺϲڹ֮ĸоǽѹԹԾͷĸоֵġ
ҪǺˣʱҲܶȥ
ԶĻħһͫУһģɫòҰףһ壬
ͫͬǱ뺷˰ţһ˰ͫһ첲ͫȴǱŹڵϣ䱻ýŲţСҲˣԭڵϣ˫𣬱˲ţվ
ݡ

ˮְڶʯѸٵȥһգ۵ʱ䣬˵ĸ첲ȫǱϣϵĲλǹͷѡ
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ˮƺƽͫȴ۾ѸٵĲˮʦ
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ˮıһԣͣĿܿҲãֻҪܴһʲôҲûˡ
ʦ
ʦ

塢С塢ԭվˮ˵һǶˮ̬Ⱦʦһ
ˮɫӹȥƿҩǶƤˣ
ԶҲֵ֣֪˭ˣ
ԶֱʱˮıӰɫʵ
ˮĲʼϲ񺣿Ǽû˲֪ԶģȻҲǾûаҷ񺣿ǲҷ˭
ݵİʮһÿʮһǣ˵ÿһĿʵ񺣿ǡƳǡԭĶľڡľǡԭǡ
ܶ࣬ݣ󲿷ֿһ㶼һǿڣһȨʲôĶץЩԽĵطԴȨԽἯС
ǰԶҲ˵񺣿ǣһÿɶһ֮ռĳУʹǿģŽʮһǡǰʮ
ҪݶһһΧ˭ǿ˭ͻõԽ࣬ȻάеҲ䵽ʵϣһ㶼һжǼǿʵһϺҲһģԵʵҲʵ湲
Ҫ֪ݵĳǶǾ޴ģҲһƶѣÿһǶСǺʹׯԼɣǶһҲһͨҵһǵĺģһҲָһҲڳǣڳһռǵİٷ֮һңȻһƽóǽȫΧ
񺣿˵Ҳ񺣿ڳһѾԴ񺣿ˣȻһЩıٴĻȫӡ
ĻˮͷҲûлأϴοһӣһοһӵ
˭ΪʲôҪҹȥ
ˮԽˣԶԽˮĵϸ
ڴ֮ͥ²ҷģʵԶԶңǾǸɵӣԶԲǸɵӣһʱ䲻»ˡ
񺣿ļ޷ǾǼԼʶǾֻ߾񺣿ǵġ
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ǰ֮ԳͷǸоаսԷ򵹣һԼĶӱϣԼַˣҲ˵ĹȥЩҲó档
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ˮԵ۳аܸоԼ䲻ˮ֮ԱȻˮʵõԻһЩǰָо
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605 λ۳⣨
֪۳Ĺ¶Ҳ֪ԸˮԼҸˮ϶ܸҸԲһΪˮԺܰ
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Ǹǣסʱˮ;뿪ˮҲˣǰˮһֱںԼѾ˺üŮˣȻܽܣˮҲͲô˼ôˡ
̬ˮ֪ǰӡ뵽һһƶԭ򣬶ھݴ½һһ޴ƵȺ塣
ˮǰʵǰҲˣʵǮĿ̡̣ˡеǺüݣԹڲͬطһңȻÿ궼ܶβڼŮ˺֮䡣
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˦˦ͷˣôһһŮˣô϶ķ˺ܶ࣬ȣǷ棬οԼֻѹԼǲ
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Ȼαôѹ֣ԼȡԼҸѾܿˣˮŻ᲻ء

ɾǰˮѽվ˳ˮͽվϵԽվʲôԵһʱ֪
һεľǿˮѾƳˣϧǿҪ澭Сľǰһֱû뵽ֱһҩǡǿʱˮ뵽ľǿ
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ˮɣǰǰݱȫ𣬲֪˵Ŀɶԡ
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һΧ˶ſԣɫͨ죬ģ󣺡СҽɱҪǷҪ֣Ҳ
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Ļһ˵꣬Զһ߿ĺһֻ޴ı״Զٵÿһգ۶ܸܵ׵ľٶȡ
ˮû뵽ľȻǶľˣȻкԶһξ룬ǿԿֻ޴ıס
ϣˮ֪ΪʲôôԭѾѶľˣˮм˿ǵȫ棬Լ鶼ûи˵ȻѾ֪ķչ
ֻˮ벻׶ľôôĴԭĶľǸϹ
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¶ˮĵЦݡ
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606 λ۳⣨ģ
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Ҳ֪λǶľ˵ѣǰҾ˵ôΪСֵһ˲ҪҲԣһרСֵ
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ˮľûгԾº͵Ц˵ݴ̫ˣ޷ÿһУʮһмǿĴڣڡħšƸꡢ֮ǣ³ǡ
ݵĵλǾÿݣ˿࣬Ҳҵģ̾ӣҵľǹǣ˵ǹΪ˼ǶӯˣҸˣҸͨ˺ѣǿÿ춼ɱ̲ʵѹѪϴȴûܳɹʵ˲Ը⶯֡
ľ˵ţˮ͵۳Ҳԡ
ˣڵʵΣ
ݷǣϵɣû˻˵ʲôʵڵģǲڷǿĿڵˣ֪ڵľ
ľ˵
ľ˪Ǹˣٲ죬۳ԵʣˮͶľġ
ˮʣľڻش
ˣǰᵽļʵû۷Ĵڣ
ˮڻ֪۷ʲôʵľ˶˵̲ס˳
ȻҶ۷ʵż۷ġ
ľһЦ
쵽ʱŮӶ˷ˣ
ûĺóԣһ°ɣ
ľ˳Թˮķ˵ģеˣƽʱͦóԵķڶͬ
ҵˣĶóΪкõĲϣǲҶһһҸ׼һЩ
ˮӾķЦ
ǱˣںòܾܾˣҵĲϳˣǸ
ľ˰˵Цһ˵˵ȴʵ
ܶģ˵ģԼʮ궼ԲꡣŶֻ˺Сã˶˾Ͳˡ
ˮЦŲһ䡣

ˮ͵۳ڶľסܿһܵʱȥˣʱ䣬󲿷ֶǶľ˪ˮԼ۳ڶľҺͶľǿһ
ľǶľҶľӣľǶľҵţصġʡڶɼĽӰˣһĽӰˣǻֱӴӶľүүľϵģֱӰѶľ踸һ
Ҳˣ˼ʣһıŶľ跢ˣˣҪǶľҵڲľˣŭˣ¶˿µʵ
һԹʵǰҲɢҪ֪ľҫΪŮˣŮûˣľֱ˳ǸȦӵĲΡ
˾˽ĶԿһϵȻϣ˺ܶ࣬ΪľҾͻ֣ΪͷҲԸΪβ
ľǣ
ý֣
Ƕľһ֣һ޳ݾһ֣ĻϢŨҲһŽ֣ĹŽ֡
ˮ͵۳жľ˪ϣΧɫɫȺŮޱȡ
۳վˮһߣҲ֪ɺϻǹ⣬ľ˪վˮһߣˮŮм䡣
Ůգ˺¶˫Ϊ˵ѾƵƵפ
ǲǶľС𣿡
ǰе˭
ľСȻһŮһͬһˣұǸ˰ɡ
С

һʱˮΪǧָ۳΢ЦĿˮˮȴһ֣ŵҵĳأûİˮһۡ
˪ɰ
ʱһԵˮò˵ĺܺ


610 ̡ңҩ
ˮ˳ȥӭĸԻˣʮ꣬˵мˡ
˴һѩ׵ʿϹһ˿ůЦ⣬Ƥܰףһ˫۾ֺü΢΢ϷһŨصӢ
ֱͦıӣе촽ʱŶľ˪һܺÿˣֲ˭ҲóǸӡ
˵ߵӾҪһЩǴһֹķȣֹ࣬ţˡ
ˮǰ˺˪һŮ˾ȻҲôùϵѣ
ľ˪˵Ŀû˿Ŀ⣬Ҳ˵ˮһ߿öЦ
ˮٿĿӣûʲô֣Ӧǵһˣ΢ЦŰĿתˮ͵۳
еĹâһ΢Ц˵˪ѽ̣ܸ˼λʶһ£֪λΣ
һ˵˵˸оУ΢İǿ
ҽˮǶľСѣ㿴졭ɣǸɣ㿴ô
ˮ΢Ц˵
ðɣ첻ֵܺеźշǾ͸죬ҾͲֵˡ
΢Цˮ˵ȴǽ۳Ͷľ˪չ˵˸оֻںˮ˵ˡˡ
ߵʱٴοһ۶ľ˪һ۵ɫˮһӾ֪ϲľ˪Ӧ
ôϲ˭ãƫƫҪϲһ飬ˮҡҡͷΪ̸еҪŮ˸㵽ô׵ġ
ľС㣬Σ
ˮʵ
ʲôΣ
ľ˪ûкбˮһۣǱֱ飬һĸо
˵Ǹʲôˣͦǿ𣿡
ˮЦſŶľ˪˿á
ܿˮζĿ⣬Ż˵ǶľǵĴңǽһе̳ǲڸһ¥Ϳˡ
ľ˪Ȼ˵ú٣ѽҵĺͽ̵Ϣ͸¶˳ǸңǽһҪִƽҵġ
ƺгɼ
˼ŽֵţˮҲʵ
ҶҲгɼ
ľ˪ͷҲص˵
ˮӣԼж类ɨسˣԱߵĵ۳΢ЦſΧĬĬĺܰ
㣬ȥǿΡ
ľ˪ŵ۳Ц
ϾһˣŮӻദĿԣֻһ䵭һĮˮ治֪һЩʲô
ţõģ
۳ˮЦЦͶľ˪һһεȥ
ˮŮˣʱĴΧǲҵԼȤĶͬһЩڵ̯Ĵڡ
ϾĽӵе̵˶Ǯˣ˵ڵ̯˺ܶ࣬ĶҲһЩС
͵ˮҪŮʱ򣬿һ޾ɵһ̯ŵͬΣһľӶ࣬ƾɲģͿƯԼһ̯Ϻܶ඼ƾɵĶʱҲľ߿ˡ
ˮΪҲһߣʵˮо죬ֻеģĸоȻϵӲʣصźܸɾһСкĹ⾰ݣѾ˯ˡ
ˮ̯λ治°ټĶһƾɣеѾ𻵣滹΢
ʯӫӫ׹ӡˮȻԼϤļ
ͻȻˮܵһʱʱǿˮ˳Ŀ⿴ȥһɫĵ׹ƣȱһǣǾŹͼ
Ź׹
ţߵʲôˣܾ˰ɣ
ˮһ߼Ѱңһʵ
һˮܵλһǿϢȴ̾˿첻㣬һˡ
ôҸҩʦأȥɲУ
ˮкҲٻꡣ
ˣʼݽߣ֢״ҩֿ׹ǵҩеһȫֲϧЩ̫еĻҪҩʦӹ
˵˵ٴ̾˿
ʱҲǿˮû뵽˲֪˵ô࣬Ҳ˺ܶ࣬Ŀˮһۣһȵɫܿȥ
ллˣ˵ô࣬Ķûпϵģܿϵľȥ
˯ŵСк̧ͷ˵
ţ˵κ𣿡
ˮ˵
Ŀˮ۾žϲã
ţ˵κǲԸơ
ˮ֪һǸоǰûԼĻ
ˮ˺һŻ˵˵ʵҲţѾкöҩʦ޲ߣҲٱϣˣСӣȻ˵УҾ㣬ֻл˵κӣҾҽΡ
ˮ
ʱ۳Ͷľ˪˹۳Ļˮһ
ǳˣȰһ¡
ˮЦ˵һ䡣
ţû£ǰһԿˣǴŵ㡣
۳΢Ц˵һ䡣
ˮнӹСкᣬݵѾƤͷˣˮֱӴɾȡһűõĵ˴һп֣źӡ
ˮСкڴϣ˫ִȻתʥֻ֣֮ƽı͸ȻСкĴһ˿˿͸羧ĵ뵽Скڡ
ˮóһ˿ȣˮ˫ֱ͸ʱɢǿʱֿϲڴ
оһֻ޴ݣһֻͨѩ׵ʨӣʮ״СһѩףӴëҲѩ׵ġ
ѩʨһ¿ʱͻȻˮǼ͸ƣĴš
˵۾һѩʨڸ£ʱȴǿһǾ޴ѩʨӺͰĿˮϡ
ָоһκӣʹҲˣīкˣ֪Ϲᡣ
ӳɻһֱųɻ飬Ӻ˫˫ǰȡѰκӵҩݣȴǲš
Ϊ˸ӣȥȡ̽ˣû뵽ھȻ꣬漼ȻõҩҲܡ
˶Χ˹͵۳ҪǶľ˪ֹ£ԶԶۿľСҶ֪ģû˸¡
һ˹վԥһȥ
ҪٿǰˣȻӰơ
ľ˪
Ҳ߽òãǸҩʦҲܰæ
˵
ˮ΢Ĵһθܵ˵ǿϢֹ˭ôôǿߣ
ľС㣬ɣ
ˮ˵
ľ˪ˮÿ΢ЦŶľ˪ͷˮȥ
㿴⺢ʲô֢״
ˮֲͣͷҲ̧˵
߿ĺӣϢӦﵽͶ߱ʶĸӦֻеʶеĳٶۣʶôܴ󣬱һ˵ϢڲľɢϢǷ㹻ǿǷ
ѾʼήûС
˴ĿСк˵ĻѾʼ͡
˲˼Ŀˮκã
ˣҩʦ֪ܹʲôæ
ˮûлشȻŲĶ
⡭
ȻﲻæͲҪˡ
ˮֱӴµˣϾվһ𼶱ǿ߸оܲڡ


611 Ź׹ģɽīҴ
˲ûʲô˼ˮ˸˵ȺУĿ˿û뿪ˮ˫֡
˵ôô죬ҩʦ
ҩҵˣ

ߵһΧˮһ㣬Ҫ֪ҩҲǷǳģΪǼҩʦоŵĽǰʮ
˵һڴ֮ͥ¶˷Ƿ˶ʼɵĻҲֻҩʦˣϾֻҪеʵ˶͵ҩеĹϵʶǿҩʦǽ°빦
һҽ֮ģھݴ½ͬҲеģرŨ񣬾֮ˣֻҪûҩʦֲ£ѡȣҩʦһĵĹء
ԣһ˭ܱ֤飬ǸܲˣҩʦԵǳãҩʦǿ
û˸Ե޹ʵɱҩʦֻһҩʦҲû˸ңǸҩʦ⣬ܵҩʦȺĹһֿµ
ˮڴ֮ͥ²±¶ҽ˶ʼɣҩʦһԼʵģҩʦҫǷ޵ġ
ˮһ룬һѾ볹ο𾫱ȥöմȾ۹ģˮҲϰߵĶ
Ǵеõһ𾫺ˮִ˰ʮһ룬糤ġ糤ġߴ糤ġ;Ŵ糤ģΪŮһףΪһס
Եˣϸ̷Ůͺͯˮõľߴ룬ϸǿȾŴϸ

ˮһ뻺룡
ˮƣϸֿԷΪ̱Ԫġϴ跥ǡͨѨӹ̾
ˮʩչġ̱Ԫӹ̾ԣϴ跥ǡͨѨЩ΢ģֻǡСɡЩӦãⶾһЩá
ˮõǻеģҽѧϣӦнľˮ
ˣ
ľľβѪԼģƢǻ֮ƢƢξƢ˻ˮ֮ΣǽˮξˮľؾεѪȵȡ
𣬷ε½ƸϿľľεкƢͣƢľƢ˻ԷֹˮķģˮϼãԼң𣬼ˮ˻ĵȣԼε̫˽
ˮھԭĸԼϹСڵ
֮ҪеһҪǿˮȼСк࣬ѡ˸Ρ
ľӦӦļӦģӦ＾ˮӦ
ľǴ죬ԾȴӸοʼǰʥ֮ѾСкй˴֮
ʱһĹȥˮѾɹĽεȻôϹסˮܳʱ䶼ڹ̣Ϊľ࣬ҪĲλݲ˿ȻҪˡ
ľĻˮٴȡһи֮ϵĽתĸˣ΢
ֻҪһֻţˮͻ᲻ϵڸѨĴಿλͬһ룬ֻҪǳĺܶࡣ

һʱȥˣˮһֱӣΧѾΧ˺ܶˣǶעԼСкϵĽ룬˵ĿǸϣһʼǰˡ
ʲôҩң
СкȻǱ۾ôɫǰȴǽȻͬ󣬻Ҳǿ˺ܶࡣ
ĿӣٴβͣĻ䣬ˮСҵĶˣȻ˵еµӸɡ
˵ҪˮͷŵˮæסʹãⲻСӵ𡣡
Уҵı㡭
˼ڤ룬ƺʲô
ţлˣҾͲǮˣ㿴Σ
ˮǸƾɵľŹ׹Ц
ˮƾɵľŹ׹ʱһ£ȻͳһûпʲôˮѾˡ
Ȼпռ
ȻҾٸɣʲô˿ȥīҴңܺҵģʮ֮Ҳ뿪īҴġ
Ķݸˮ˵
īҴ壿
ˮʱעˣǰȷпռʱ͸оܲ򵥣Ҳ֪ΪʲôǰֻܵʵеģΪǼ
ɽīҴ塣
΢Ц˵
ˮӹݹĶʱſʲôѥӣ
ġ
ˮͬƾɵѥӣӦҲģǿԿˮʶľģݴ½ˮоǲ֮
ˮѾӹˣЦлл
Ҹ˵ллˣסʲôȥңҲҿ԰ﵽ㡣
ٴ˵һ飬ˮȷһǿˡ
ֻǲ֪Ϊʲôڵ̯ˮҲ벻ףõҩʦҹˣϧ׹ǵҩ󣬵Уֻ˭óء
ˮĿСк뿪ƻţȴǺܿʧ˵֮С
ʱǸҩҵٴߵˮԶǿҽǸ˫ͣҩβ꣬ջǵһμǿˡ
ϵˮ˵е־塢̾һȵĹâ˿Ρ
ˮ˳ְɾ΢ЦſˣҪһЩʲô
Ŷҩҵˣ֪ûȤȥҩңҽ߳ȥҩʵеˡ
˺ˮ˵
ߵĻˮЦԭ£ΪˣҩӦܴ󣬲ȻҲţ΢ЦҡҡͷûȤ
ٿǿǣҩҿǶҩңҩҽϸһ¥ǿһֻҪ
һˮܾĺܿ죬Ҳܸɴ࣬æºô˵
ûȤû飬ǾҪ뿪ˡ
ˮſҩұտҩҵʵûʲôøС
Ļҩʱӭ㣡
˵һˣˮûҪ˼Ҳǿá
ʱȥˣˮŮҲŻȥķȥ
ľС㣬ҩǲǺǿ󣿡
ˮʱŵѩʨӶ𼶱ޣҩе档
ҩŴ壬Ȼǿģλߵģȹ˲һʲС飬һȻĴڣڸļҲˡ
ľ˪ˮ˵¶ƺһ˿Ц⡣

ˮɾ
ǿõŹ׹;ģ
УΪˮŹ׹ӡƾɣǿϡľŹͼһҲһЩ
ˮ֪ʲôƳɣˮԼĲʵϹŶ֮޸Ź׹
޸Ź׹ҪһϣѰȻУҪˮΪŹ׹ʡѡ˰ˮɾ

ˮסŹ׹ϵĳˢţҪǰ·ˢŹͼ·ھŹоԲŸ޸Ȼ޷޸ǻᱻķϵ
ģŹ׹ðһɵĻϴӳ۹Ź׹ıҲǻɫȴǾӨĻɫǰڷ·𱻻һࡢ
ˮ


612 ŹסУ߳ɴ
ȻҺ̬ϴȥеʣٽѾľŹ׹ŽȥȻʼû
ˮڲҪҪŹ׹Ĳ޸Ĳλ·ҪȻƾˮڵġŹѧ޸ġ
ܽŹ׹ı㣬ˮ½Ĳλһ޸̻ޱȡ
һ΢λĥϵˮĳһ೤ĺѾľŹ׹һġ
ȻˮóǻһСӣרԺһЩСǶʯʱʹõģСƷ
Сӻɫ𣬵ˮһԷֻһһɶ
һɣˣˮǳ⣬ڶ˵ʲôôҪˣϿңȿԼʱ䣬ΨһľǳɹʺͶĶ⡣
һɵĶһɵĶǿȺͶһɵĶɹʣ
ɫСӲϵѾɫľŹ׹ôţˮоر˳ָоһֻ澡ȼһ㡣

һ貵ɫâ֣ˮ˫ƺγѣϲĿѾɹľŹ׹
λðɫ񣬿ƯֹɢĹâǿޱȣĹâ˽ȥ֮߻
ͨ
Ź׹Ź֮壬ꡣŹܶȥһжѡ߲ؽɽба֮Ч߿ɵıɵľɵȥĹЧսŹף
Źף֮վŹ׵ķ߶ʱȫķһʱʱÿֻʹһΣܺͬЧƷͬʱʹá
Ź׵֮
ǿ
ˮĿţö
ˮֵİţΨɫŹ׹ܸоһүǴеŤȥĿתһԵľġ
˵ҪȴǰľŹ׹ÿֻܶ࣬ں;Ź׹ȼֱǾһãˮ֪ӦñȾŹ׹˿ѷɫй֮
ѥˮȽϲģǰѥѾϵˣܲסˮʱϹĹ䡣
Ҳʣ²˿¡ϽܺͱǽʹãʱһŹ׹ˮûо˭ˮĳϣ
Ϊӵо֡
ϴӣһˮûм񣬶ֻϴӣǰľŹ׹𻵣Ȳˮ
ȻִӵĴɫҲǺ˳۵ģڵľɫת䣬ˮټɫʡ
¯
ˮʶžĵı仯һˮ֪ڲĸӣû𻵣ˮȴŬסеĹ죬ڵˮô˵ҲǿﵽĿҲˮȰϾʱо
ĹǼһĽˮûмĶоƤ޽޹ɵĶֲҿ϶ˮ֪ͨⶫ
һκķѵʱŹ׹Ҫܶ࣬ʱϤĥſʼ
һˮޱȣҪһƽ͵̬еĳɫСӲϵ£öһһ
һˮҲסһδǧٶʮ˴ˮ֪ʷһΣˮܼ
ǰӵľģоֻһͬעĿ˵
ͨģֱˮһļŹ׹;ǰֻͨܿһ֣Ȼ״̬Чδ֪
ˮĲʵĶ֮Ѿ޸ɣˮڳķͻǧ֮
ӳǰǾ֣ˮ¿ݴ½ǳƬ;ƶɣĪ
ٶһļһֺսС
У߶ģУ˲佫ﵽһֱϵʮ֮⣬ǰһ߷ÿʹһΡ
ʹȼ
˲ȥʮˮһ£ڵĻ٣һһ㲻ͣϢҲʮһǧôһ£൱ڻһķ·̣ΨһźÿֻһΡ
Ѿ൱̬ˣҪ֪ǰٶһ̬ļһʵҲ൱̬ġ
ȫʩչٶʱƽʱĵһرͻȻʱĸǿֲļһһ̬ԡ
ݴ½ٶҪҪٶȾٶȹսȨɹ˿ء
оǾУһǵһ߷ô˼˵Ч
ϧŹ׹˵ͱǽ໥ͻˣ˵һȴǲͬʱʹá
ˮϾģֺϵ²˿ͦģһϾ͸еһɵĸоӽԼ壬ӯ
̧ûзӦˮĿϹעһʱٴ̧ţһΣˮѾȥ
ˮģٴ̧ţȻˣˮŽϹһļӴˮĵɾ̤ȥ
߳ɴ磡
ϹӴһ̶ȾȻ߳ɴЧģҪбݵģϧƾڵٶ߾ݻеǿ
иСˮĵģˮȥһ൱г̣ʡһʱ䣬ԺпߵĲΣҲһγȥֱھҲ˵Ҳֻ˵˵ˮôţǸ˵еسһˡ
ʹáС֪ɲԴˣʱˮһ¡
뵽һҪʵŲʹãˮоӦʹþʱΪٶȹ죬ʵĻԵֿǿҵĿռ˺
ͣˮϢһɾ㿴˳Ե㶫ˮǳԺ㣬ⶫ̫ˣˮԣޡ񡢽վ󶼳ԡ
վ󲢲ÿ춼ʳһܽʳһΣѾܴĽվԵĲǺܶ࣬һܳһΣÿһʮһ߶೤ĺʮ㡣
ˮʨȻСˮʵڲлϵˮرϣܳԵˮǳԡ
ţ
ˮþûעһСٴγһЩھȻ֮ߣСݿرǲ֪ʲô
ɾĶˮռһΣŻ˲ٵĶˮо̤ʵҪ֪ЩԼߵѶʳҲҩġ
ƽҩѾǧٶĻƽҩ꣬ǧϰҲǧϰǧĻƽ֥ҲǧĻƽ֥
һǧĶҩݺ˵ʹˣÿǧһȼ㣬ɾеҩҲһǧҩ䣬ˮر˷ܣһƬӴҩˮرгɾ͸УһŽɽزū

ڶ峿ˮ׼ʱˮ͵۳סھľ˺Ͷľ˪ԶһСͥԺС
ľСͥԺоˮ͵۳ˣһ˾סĲ²㣬СͥԺ˫¥һסˣˮ͵۳ķţպòš
ůһ֮ڴˮߺȽȽĳ̫ȭоڵĺȻܿ졣
ѾþûͻƵĺȻƺѾͻƵļˮĳ񣬻̫֮ȭһһʽ
ûһᣬ۳ҲˮЦһ£
ˮҲ͸ɴͣҲˣĴк뵽ǾŹ׹


613 ˼
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ˮЦóŹ׹Ӧǵڶˣһ֮Ƕһֱš
ˮ۳ˮеľŹ׹Ư׹ӣۼĿˮ˼·ΪʲôҪҶһ
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ˮ΢Цſŵ۳ˮҲǿſֻ˵ЩǵĻʱܲȻѡ
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Լ֮ʱֻһ죬ʹǸʱûҪԼһ˫
ǸʱıݺݵĴһ£ҲǸʱȻ֪һʲô̬ȴ֪һ
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ˮݶ͡յŮ˵ԣ䣬ÿһŮ˶ԼƯһЩ
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ҪЩˮֽڵ˺ܵ͵ѿڵ˳֣ǽҡҡ¼ҺͶұȽϻԾ
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ҼҴƴ󣬲СԱģϵΪǲӦÿΧۣǲǺгɾ͸УǲǸоܸҳ
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үŵ۳Ŀ޲һȥдٶ֣Ů˿Ǻ׼ģԿ۳֮ǿԸܵ۳㣬ŮеϵȵŮˡ

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ͻƺġȻˮһɵʵȻǿȸǿˣںõĹʵǾ޴ģһɱʵˮ˵ǿɲһСĿ൱ڷʳŲͬƷҩ
նˮѾСɾ磬۽𾦵ĽչڶûдﵽСɾ磬ˮǼģһһȻɡ

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һǳɽĳٴ壬ׯ½ĻҲŵϣŨֻǻ˳٣ǿ˵࣬ķˮأݶ࣬Ҳ࣬һЩغҲż֣ٴʵǿֲģǶľҲȲϡ
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лǰ
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ôʱˮҪʱۿ滢ε̬ڲ֪ˮоĻһµʶֻҪڻʲôͻƻ졣
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ļˮоѾƿ״̬ˮϣΰ̬ͼϣˮоͻƻѪľӦÿûһ㡣

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ľ˪΢Цű̵ĸ첲еƤ˵Ҳֻܿżĺ綬һ΢Ц

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ֻҪԼͻƣڶңԼĵλӸߣΪһǿߣļ϶Ҳһֵ˵Ȩ
Ҳԭ򣬶үðŵľҲҪһ£Ҫ֪ͣѾʮˣˣȻһҲˣүǻٴͻ̤ǸȦӡ
үϰɾǿ԰쵽ģ뷨ʵҲǰɾоŲıϺô
үһ·˳磡оŵϽĶү˵

ˣ
˵̵
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˾ʵֱӱٿһ㣬ˮȻļɽʹڲʹϽܺͱǽԼҲﵽʮʵ˾ҪԸһ㡣
˴ӡѾﵽˣͬʵĸ޷ǿĲ˾ûǿ壬ֵڶѾܳˣο岨ˮʩչ֮ʱĶүıˣɼ˾
˾ֱӿѪɳȥ⻹ˮ״̬˾廹ǿ󣬲ȻһСˣˮѾˡ
ǸӰһһĸ˾ǰסѸٵóһҩι¡
л飬ʹ˱˹˵Ȼ뿪
Ϊʲôɱɵˮ˵
ûеʱ˵ҲûɱҪˮһȻŵЦ
ˮҪСһ˾ң˾Ȼ֮һ˵ǡǿǿģ˾Ҿ˵еĹϵ˾Ҳóö˾Ҿŵһ֡


620 Ļ𣬿ֲķ
Խʱ䳤ˮԽǷ鲢Ǳϵô򵥣˾ұ͡šеĹϵǾ;ԲǿѨ硣
ˮ˾ǲʱ鷳ϾǿԼӦúܶ࣬ʱ䣬ֻܿԼ
ллһСĵġˮŵлһ䡣
ֱٴӴȥŲĺ¥ַѾˣԶѾˡ
úõĳԷ鱻˾ˣһЩͻطˣѾˣҲûдȥ
㣬ϴδӦġˮóʮŽԵйӡ
ҰǾȣȻϲĿʮŽɫӣЦˡ
Լ͵۳ߵһԼСӡԹƺ˶ǻС֮Ƿǡ
ϴ׼ģֻŻؼңһֱڡ
ţ˵ˣ¸һ˫ɰƯĶŮϲ㣡΢ЦĽӹˮ˵
ʲôʱѧôˡˮЦĵ٩һ䣬Ů˺͵۳е޿׽ԼԦŮˣֻǽˮоƺеࡣ
ˮ֪ǰֺǸӵ뷨ǰһʱͻȻоһƺˡ
һ仯ˣͻڲ֪һһᷢ仯ֱ仯һǱʶΪԼ֪
Ҫеˣ
ԺҪúöҽ㣬ȻһûġɫеۺĿˮ˵
ˮӵЦЦǺǣǵ˵ͷһѹܴܸо
ȥģô˵˼ҵġ۳ˮһ䡣
ҺһǶˣٺ١ˮŵ˵һ䡣
㣬ţҵý򡭡Ŀˮ·ͻȻʶ⣬Ȼɲ˼һ
ԶԣˮǺЦ
룬ұҲŲҪ򡣡ҡҡͷƺƵ˵ֻԼ֪ųƺ⡣
оͲУҪˮűڨЦ
۳ƺʲôȻǽòһ𳤴󣬵Сʱڹһһʱ䣬Ҳڹһʱ䣬ݸǴ˲ٵʱ䣬Ա˴֮Ҳеϵ۳ȷ
ΪһݶһʱٺòãչЦˮ
޶˵ɫˮһ㣬İͷƲŬȥݵĽա
ڱҸռʱƯˣô˵Ҳݣϣﵽ𡣡ˮóһݵҩݸ㡣
мˮеҩһţһЩҲһݣ
ߣʲôʱƯˡ˵һ䣬Ͱעŵˮĵҩϡ
ȥϢᣬЩʲôҩʲôáˮŮк߽鷿ɾʱҪˡ
鷿ˮͰѷŴˣ۽ǿǸܣ˹ȥһʱ䣬ˮȿ϶ʲô鼮
ֳһһǡ½ʷʷˮһ£Żȥˣ鼮ʷʷˮûٿıҪ
ˮûҵʲô伮ֻĺ¥õһ֮һʲô񼶱ĹˮԼš
½Ȥ̸
־졷
Ů֮
ˮ鼮ļ֣һ±㷭ҲţԿǴһʱ䡣
νԸƽͱҲƽġǿƪһ仰ˮое
Ů֮ҪǹۣҲǿһ㿴˶Ǵͷŵģǿüë
Ů֮üķ൱ͬʱֻ͵üëͷĵβĺ󷽣üŮӣޱȡĳˣüëҹ£üߣҲ
üë£ü࣬ʢȣüɢüëԼ֮һ־ǶȣΪĽԣ쳣Ҳ
üëףͺ⣬е֮ࡣ

Ů֮УüëܣǴŮ֮üһиӦģƹϺüëɢңδ֮ŮȴǸ˳ÿһͬһ򣬶ǴŮأܶ࣬٣ϸ΢ĲֻҪ۲ϸЩǺѿ
Ů֮УŮ˵۾ˮ̬֮ߣˮĵԣ۾ڵľŮرǿңһ㡭

Ůë٣΢ԵһëҲޱŮϡҶֱ̣ڣŮ򷴡
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һǡͥظԲ֮˵еָͥľ϶ظָ򢡣ͥԣظŮԣԿһŮ˵˳ǿ򢡣
ŮڵȽأŮ˵Żϸ壬Բͣ۵ĵط򢡣
õӦǷԲԲʶȣ
ϸŮ˱һŮҪǿ
ŮҪһλǽţǳ֮Ũصĵط֮һҲʶζŨصĵط
Ů˵һӦС磬ΪСһһյ㣬˲һְǻĳ嶯⻹Ҫŵ¡

һЩд¶ǣˮеԡ
һˮʱȥСʱˣ鼮ɾǰЩˮȫţȴǶЩ۵޳ɣˮодŮ֮˾һɫи֡
⣬ˮһ£пΣǡϡϢ

ǿӴˮоʵ̫Ա⣬ʵϴǲˡ
ˮصսϣεľ磬̫ȭͽϵľ磬ǧӡԼκϵ
ݹﳹ׵񼴽ﵽնˮɣλôңңڡ
ҩ
һʱˮͻȥһᵤҩһ߶೤Ļɫ׳ޱȣˮƴ
ˮоôµĻȴǷ·һ㣬Լоκֻ̣ܸоһֻϢԼĻ棬ûһ㺦£ѱʦѱһ

ͻȻˮеĻһ䣬ôһ˲䣬˸оۻһһһ߶೤ĻͻȻʵˣǰ࣬ӵĻɫ
ٴˣ
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һβ¶ǷҲоˮоԼƺͻһֽܵϵ·һ
պʱ¯ҩɣˮ뿪
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ɫĻˮоǿĻһɫĲӰײɾıԵȻɢڿС
ˮû뵽ĻȻˮóһͷСرӲĽԶȻ߻ʮ׾롣
ͻȻˮٴһӣ
һȭͷСĻһ
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ˮ飬ԽԽģĻͰַԼٶȣһЩԼǿߺ޿־ˣĵˮϵʵŻֲķ
ŴȥĻȻһػ棬Ѿ˿ֲԼڼӴȥġǲǿԼӴƻͷյʱ䡣
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пʵĻ桭
ˮͻȻоǰһȴˣ


621 СɵĻ۽𾦣¡
ˮһƬӹأͬʱˮҲɱ
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ˮʱʵϣϣܴĻˮĻġҪǿܶࡣ
ˮصȻɽçţϡоǻΰ̬ͼ͡쵤Ҳû£ֻʱҪһЩ
ȻҪĻϹǿˮĸڴĻ𣬻çţɽ벻ˮϹΪġ
۽ˮÿ춼ҲֻܸܵǵҲûеСɾ磬ˮ֪Ǹø˻Ǿɥ
һԽɵĹһɹҲǾ޴ģˮֱ׿һǲܳɹͷˡ
ʲôҲ룬ǲǽǲܴܲﵽСɾ磬ҪԶﲻСɾô죬һȫȴȫС
Ŀϥˮƽչϲޱ̬˾ȣ˫ֽӡ
ʱһĹȥɾû˴ţˮľĳɾҲ൱ĳ֡
ͻȻˮϷһ㵭ĹΣ󻺻ٳ˺ܾûгֵ޴ķ
ӲӵģɢǿһƵĽ⻺ע뵽ˮϣϷĹθӲãϸǶһЩׯϡ
ˮ˫ۻſûκα仯ô峺ȴһʵһ˵ǰ
һת
һ޵Ľ⼤
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ˮû뵽ʱȻͻˣ֪ľ٣ͻƵļҲҪƽʱʮ
ֻ֪ЩҲûãΪ־ҲҪһĻģȻǶ򣬵ͶĹЧֻЧһ㡣
۽СɣƵԷʱһɣ
ˮ֪ʱʲôʱˮԼ˵²˿ʱϽʱǽʱʱˮͲ̫ˡ
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һɲ࣬ˮ֪ݴ½ûСʱļûУˮоЩҲʱԸ֪ڲΧҪ۽ľ̫̬ˡ
ˮ뵽ĸ֣ʱ
ʱǾ˵ʲôʱˡ
ˮǰҲķڲ֪ǺǧӡйϵǺǡйϵһ˾ڵˮһо϶ǺǧӡйϵˮܸоǺǡйϵ
ʱϴһֱӳɾĹʯɢ͵ĹâյĲǺȴ˸о
ˮʶɢܵŮڲԶķ˯úܰȣɾǰǱŮ֮
ߵǰˮûóǱŮ֮ģ඼Ժ󷭿۾ͷ˻ȥ
½½һֱ˺ֻܶ࣬϶һЩ½ͨ׶ֻ΢ϸһһȤԡ
˲һʱˮĳһ׼һȥ˯ֻǵˮõֺⱾ鴥вͬģоҪһЩ
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ʱˮе㼤ڽѾһˮ֪ԼǶô˵ѡ˴½ϼжûпĻ
ҪԼһʮ꣬ǰѡ˾˻棬û˷츲صı仯
ɾѾˮڡϴﵽ˵Ƿ켫ĵزܵƣϡĽУ˵͸ǸտʼӴģһ֮಻ᳬµʱҪ̭ģȻʼѡõĽ
СԾͻһЩĽ̺͵Ľϣֻǿô򵥣ɱҪһ㣬ȻĶˮƾ賤ʱεϰǽһµľ硣
ˮһֱǰϣˡ¡ϣΪˮоڡ¡ӦһЩɱУֻǲ֪ǲҵһû뵽Ȼ￴ˡ
£ˮ˯ˣʱúÿ
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ˮһ۾ͿԿЩϽǲͬĽʩչڡСһЩ򵥵ϣϵһġ
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ˮ֪Ż˭ģˮоӦǸƽ񼶵ڻĽûǴﲻ־ġ
һϽĽϣˮǿеġ
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ˮڿĶϵĽⱾϵǿ֮ڿ԰Ѽȫ޷Ľϵһ𣬱硰͡㡱ͺ̡͡ͺ
һ߿һֱȻһȻˮоȻһ˿Ͻһ˵ӣΪ˸о޷ϵһġ
ˮЩϽͷ·һˮ֮ץסľǿҪ˷ֵĸȪˮ
һֱɫ΢΢ˮŴıȻѹϹЦݣнϾԭĻһɵĹнϾɵĹнϣˮ֪Ϊֻǿнϡ
ȻֻܴﵽнϣˮѾϽǿʱԼȱֱӰѡ¡ɾ
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һºһӳоֱȻҪöˣ򵥵ĽʩչûֻӾЧȴһɲɱ⡣
ɱ
ˮϵʹϰ˰ϵϽԽԽӦ֣ҲԽԽ죬Ҳ
ˮְѾ˴ӡ˾ȥѣǰѾˣֻʹϽ˾ʱеɬ
ɣΪ棡ˮһֱŵȻҲǰʮһյ


622 𣬵ۼҲΪ֪ʵ
ˣˮĵĽŻԭȻʼһϰ̫ȭܴϣҲֻۣΪ˴ָо
ȻһۻḶ́ļĺȻͻѾǶʱ԰õˡ
ʱɨһȦˮ˹Ϲŵ΢Ц
һֱߵˮʮ֮ڵʱͣʱˮͷһµ㣬ͣŻߵˮߡ
Էɣ΢Цſˮ۶һֺһĹâ
Ϊʲôôңˮʶʵ
ûʲô仯𣿡㿴ˮԵƺرĿġ
ˮ㣬ôʶһŸܵı仯žȵ˵ͻˣˣ
ţлл㣬ǰͻȻоһ󲻰ͳȥտطһû뵽ĵҩĺܺãȻƽͻˡ˵Իõһֱˮ
۳͵Ϊ۳Ҫһ㣬ֻû뵽һεȻϵͻƵ𣬶۳ѾһֻĴţǻҪһ
ϲСʵˮǺ˵
ߣǲΪʲôҽͻƣң㿴ˮգ˫͵۳ͬȴͬ˵Իе㡰񡱵Ŀ˺뿴ȴ޷Ԧ
ûУʵֻ̤ʱѡˮе飬ǰˮȻûô룬뵽۳ͻ⡣
ˣ⣬Ҳ֪ҺҪȥˣ֪ܲһЩҵˮԥ˳
һΪ㲻أʰɣҶ㡣Ц˵һ䣬ȻʾˮԱ߹Ϣδȥ
ˮ֪Լ͵ۼҴԲŻʣȻˮԲʣĻ˹ƵҲ˵
֪ۼߵʵʲôʵ𣿡ˮ͵º˵
֪ǳɴ˵
ˮĨűЦЦȻŵ΢Цģۼһ˵Уʵǿʲôʵ
ʵҸ׿ҲϣҸһģ֪㲻ˣеЦЦ˵
ҲˣԷȥɣˮվЦ
ãʵҲǺҴǵۼҾԵţѾʮˣ˲״磬Ҵ󲮵Ķӣүүѡ׽ˣѰ߶Ķ֣һҲֻ֪׺߼۷壬ǸȦֻһ֮ң۳վǺǵЦǰĻشȴСͦƵġ
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ˮܲףѵôã֪룬Ϊ㷢ˮŮ˼ǽ㡭
ˮԼûע⣬ݴ½֣ͨ˶ŽԪഺһ㶼Դﵽʮ£õԴﵽʮʱ̴棬ʵһﵽ죬Ԫᵽ꣬ഺҲԶౣһʱѾǸˣǾ޷ָഺˡ
ͺһκòãƺرںĿˮ˵
ˮӣεʵӲĳοֲʲôΪѵ飬΢ЦŽһ䣺㣡
㿪ĵЦˣ־ˮͷСܹܵԣ
Ȼ󲻵ˮʲôӦʹһˣˮȵӰЩҡҡͷȥ
һ·ˮʵһֱŵۼҵ飬ҲоǸȦӵı׼Ӧ˼ʵ
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ݵˮĺ¾һӰȻǲȫݣ˵ǾݵһӰ
۷ĴڣǺεȿֲرݵЩƾõңӰķںħھһֲĴڡ
ҸۡҲһ޿ɹ
ʱִûŮӰˮֱȥ˷䣬۳͵Ѿ˷ǰֻˡ
ˮ㿴ˮЦЦ۳кˮȥԷˮ۳־ôһľ롣
ֻǲܵ˵۳еѨƺˣƺͨļֻǻûͨ
뵽ϴġӿȪѨƺҲƾ赤ҩͨģڵѨˮŰýֻͨˮе
ӿȪѨڽŵףѨС֮ＸصشıԵȻˮ͵۳ĹϵѾ˾޴Ľչˮеûס
ʲôأ۳һˮ
ûУԷԷˮ۳вˣ귢е̫ÿոµģĲҲٲ١
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۳ԼҲϴΡӿȪѨһҲͻƣҲʮҲ޷ͻơ
㣬Ҵǳȥɣɢɢġŵ۳˵˵ˮһۡ
ãǾͳȥļѾ϶Ҫûˡ۳Ц
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С㣬ĺﱳ˭𣿡ˮеķʵ
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ûʲôֻǸоĺ¥ô¥ÿ춼ҪϲǮ뿴˭ôֱʡˮЦ
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ͨĺ¥֪׼Ӧúܲ׼Ҳ֮һȴһʵʵļ壬ֻӰǶѡ

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ͬ˿ںܶ࣬д⻹ߣҲԼߣϾҽġ
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ʱ˵ֵˮҲûľѡ֡
ͻȻһɧֵıϿܹȥһˣ̧ŻԡѪˣ߱ߺһãͬʱһЩ
Ĵ·м䲻ϻἲٵܹһľ޴޳ĻﱻƤɵʵʵеĴһҩݵ㣬Ժ˲³ҩݡ
ֵҩݵꡢҩꡢҽǾ¥˿󣬳ԷסȻ١
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ͻȻˮһرݻС¥ˮͣ½ŲʼˮС¥ĽϢرۣûʣԶԶľܸܵǱ˵Ĺ
ʱˮ;ǰȥ
ȥǿɣˮŮ˵
ҩţ߰ɣ
㿴˿Цһζ
ҩǳҩ𣿡ˮʵ
ǵģ
ҩôΣҩ⻹ʲôˮʵһ⣬ϾôҩۣԺɻ
ҩҩ֮⻹۵ҩŶ벻֪ҩ˭ģˮ˵
Ŷѵǵҩڣˮһ˵


623 ҩĵҩھɫŮˣԬ
û˼̫ƻ˵һͲˮŵ۳ˮǰ档
ˮ֪Լ¶ˣ֮һĵҩҲҪˮˣԼˣۼԼܿҪȥ˾ҵ˾˵֮һеϵ
˹ɫŮ˺棬Ůһѩ׵£֮һ׵ĳоۡ
ܿߵҩǰûſڵʱˮŵһ嵭ҩ㣬ֻƾҩˮܶ϶ĻɫҪһ·Щҩǿ˺ܶࡣ
һҩŨҩζŨңȻŨ̱ǣˮ֪ҩٶǧݵҩݲеζ
Ҫ֪ǧҩݶˮ˵ֻʱ䣬ڱ˵Ҳһʱ䡣
ϵǧҩݴЩߴɽУŨܵĴ֮УоǸɵռȻҲֲģһ㶼Щɣÿһֲÿһջѭš
ҩֻ㣬طҲǺܶ࣬ˮԸܵÿһŲΪҲһЩ̼ƺּۻۣ˼ˮ֪ҩҩݡ
ҩһҲռЩҲǧҩݷݵģ
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ڵ̨׸ˣȻ׿Ⲣ֣
︺һߣ˶ͷãľǻۣںǸ𼶱ߺȲ졣
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ССɣ˿΢ЦĴк
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624 ҩ۳
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625 ˮ͵۳֮ͻƣ
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عˮ۳ѾȶֽϵĽȡȻ󲻸˿иڵ۳Ķ档
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֮֮УĶǺޣһĬȻһ־Ӳʶİ·ˡ
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ˮͿʼƣĺɣΪҩݲû̫ƣ񵱳ƵһЩҩΪҩȱԭݲʧܡ
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ʱˮһζǧꡰͻȻ֮һý¯еˮտ
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ϢһᣬˮٴͶ뵽ҩУһĺ׼ҩʦرЩ˳ĺ֮ҩʦżҩ飬һЩƵĵҩǿ԰ѳɹᵽܸߵģֻЩرǻƷͳԽƷĵҩٴγɹʻǻܵͣҲֻ޵һ㡣
ҩ˾⻹Ҫֲҩ¯ҩġʹõĻ֣еľռɣҩ¯ռһɣֿɣʣľһЩǿ츳ˮǿʶ;
ˮڵҩɹʲżȻˮУɾУҩݺͳʱ䣬ˮ˵ḻԲࡣ
¯Ȼ˵ˣ˵£˵ĳɹҩռıǰ˵Ľ¯ӵĳɹʱ˵һǺͱҩ¯Ƚϣñҩ¯ɹһɣý¯ɣ˵ˮûҵȽ¯õҩ¯
ؼı֮𣬾лĻ֮һˮо֮һģˮӵֻǻһ
ͼˮǿʶˮҩʧܣ

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ΪͨľҪһЩϵĽӴһЩصĲλ
򿪽¯һֱУֱƢ˲һֻζЧˮһҲɳȥ˲䲹״̬
ĴָǴСɫģͨ徧Ө͸ˮƿռȻĿЩõҩġ
ˮõʮҩ꣬˵һʧ⣬ľŴȫɹмһγţˮ֪Լҩˮƽһ̨ס
ˮɾߣ޸Ӱˮߣƺˮرûʲô仯ޣȻûô󣬵ʵȴѸٵٶˮеզ࣬ˮ֪޵츳֮ǷܲɷֵĹϵ
Լޣھݴ½ΪԼұۣˮԶĽվ󡢻ȻԼӵӴȺˮÿһֻ޶ǲǿռ䡣

ڶӻƽĶȹˮûȥԬգĺ¥۳ȹʵܼ򵥡
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ĸо֮䴫ݣǡ˫ޡȹ̾һãΪڵһοԵõʵԺ𽥼٣һֱоʵӣȴǿȹ̾磬ֻҪʵͿȹ̾á
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һ㶣һ˿ʹɫŵ۳ʵģ˭ѹ֪Ϊʲôһֱûȥ𣬲ûȥȥ˶͵͵Ŀ㣬һÿ¶ȥһΣȥݺһ궼ȥһȥ㡣
۳ˣôҲû뵽ǸСʱǻĸףǸΰܵĸףǸԼ赽ϵĸôĮһζȥԼûԼ֪
ɣڵۼҿԺԿˣҲױҪģ¸ѹʵ̤ݺ󣬲ุײĲ㡣
˵ĻˮоԼ֪ʱоеֵֹģһûˣһֱΪǴ֪ԭǱ˶š
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628 ۳Ľᣬ۳ĸ
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۳ʲôҲû˵ȻеǣǿȴѾ㹻ˣһԵˮȴҡͷЦ
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ǣüֱͦıӣϡǰ£޽Ѿһ˿ʱ΢Цſŵ۳ܸӣھΡǸ⡢谮ڡΡ
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629 Ƕǣȥҩ
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㿪ǿߣŵˡ
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ˮüͷ˭ᷢǺͶ򽻵Ҳ¶δ֪Ķͱ˵Ķеʣе죬еԵȼʵһ
ݴ½޶Ƕ壬Զ壬ҲĿԣֻпȥ˲ܽӴһЩҩҪ֪ʩ˻ᾭͶ򽻵Ҫ˵ݴ½ҲΣյġְҵУʦһ
ҲԽսٶֵġ塱ʦٶȻһǧûѱһЩֶޡ
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ߵҩһȥһξȻˣһһ긾Ůܴ飬ˮ΢Цӭ
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630 Ԭյҩ
ԬտŴƿеĵҩζ̧ͷĵĿˮϵЦҲ
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ǺãҴ򿪴˵ҷǳҪԬСһЩҩȻɣϾĿǵҩڣɣֻҪЩڱǡҩЩ㿴ɺá
ˮֱӰѻϡ
ǵĹϵ㣬ôֱףԺĻỹܶ࣬ʲôҿֱ˵Ǹֱˡ
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Сô˵ܿģҲǻݻģǺӮɣṩҩҩľҹͬṩƳĵҩ֣㿴Σ
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ˮûпֱսɾԬոһ뿪ˣ

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һԵ˾ǱƺϹֵߣĿߴһͷŨܵİ׷ȴʨӵëһߵǾ޴Ļۣʨǡڣѵһֻ׳İʨӡ
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嵤ˮоҲôǿңһˮˮԼǺģرļĺȻ˵ﲻٶ֣ҲԿԵһĶԡ
Ψһˮεͨҩ˵ҪͨʣµĻྭͨǶǱӵţ޷ʹ֮ʱΪͨʵĳЩ޷
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ɹˣһˮ֪ҩû⣬Ƽʮа˴γɹҼʹɹʻӡ

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632 ҩľԣʮһ
еĵҩˮоһ־޴㣬һ˵ԽУһ㡣
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ҩƳɹˮ뵽ҪҩЧԪˮоûбҪ嵤Ǳԡ
ŷʳˮ嵤Ƿô棬ߵǸˮڳˮرߣߵѾγɹģĶ
ץסһֻЫȻĶβԼһ£ˮģҪԶһ㶼ģҪ׼ýⶾĵҩиԼԱߣΪһҲиӦ
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ڡ嵤ˮǺģֻ嵤Ƿúһʱ䣬ǲĿԿκһֶҩǰһ£ǹϢԻرߵġ
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ˮһȻһڣ㣬ôõŮȻͬ죬ֲ˵εľǧҲõľơ
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ˮϡ͸оһʸУ֫ľĸоⶾԱɾĶЫӻҪǿ
Ȼ
ͼӿת
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633 𣬽ۼ
һһֱӴ̽ࡣ۾õĴģֱ㶵Ȼ󻺻ȥ
ǰˮ룬˻˶ԷʱֱڻˣҲ˲ƻ
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ν򶾵ĳǽᶨˣˮ£ûбҪοԼ㹻ǿиƳ嵤붯Լôס
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ˮ˫絶סǸӣеɱ죬˫һӣһûԷظ

Ļȣͽյøɸɾһ˿ۼû£ֻǿһɵսζ
ˮģһ˿оûУϣ˱ĺţΧǲǺܶ˺ʲôҲûзһ
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Ŀˮϻ̲סźϴλݵ龰رԼŮˣһǲˣҲֻһ˻ẰԼŮˡ
ˮεĿŵ۳ЦЦˮܸоŮϲԼ󣬲Ź٩Լκһᡣ
ţƮŮɰһ棬ǸˮСĳģҲΪԼԭɣǰɲģڱǰһԼԦԽӽŮˡ

үɱˡ
ŵһݻСԺУһһڱһŮǵ˵
޶ԣ˫ֲϵڷŮţĿŮ˵ľŮ˿ҡ
Ȼ˵˫Ů˻ԲβʹţŮתݺĽϵĴ
֪ˣȥɣ
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̤նУʱ߿ǧ֮ԶԶֵСڵ㣬ǸϻİϹ֡
ˮŲæóֱܷϣʱһǿĳĳɷѾ൱ɹˡ
һīϷ˸ǶˮĿ࿴Ǽʶˮڸʵķ׭֮˵ԶȻǷǳɹ۵ʵӡ
ͬҲޱȣ֪ԼŮȥȻΪߣ۳Ҳͻ֪ͨˮҩʦǿҩʦ
оīϷ˵Ĵڣ˲֪֪īϷʵǿȻѾǰȻǿޱߡ
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ˮһֻ޴ĺɫ棬˳棬ȴˮѹޣ޴Դһ˿Ӱӣһ˿ʥζ
ͬʱˮҲ˺Աϵߣһһߣ۵һͷŨܵ뷢ѩ׵뷢ïܵʨӵë߿һֻǿ׳ʨһ
ΪʲôҪôҰԼң
˵Ļˮôʱŭôʱ䣬˵˸еȻ˵ԼҵҲ޷˵ϰԡ
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ǰԼҵȡǧܵɱң˵Ǹòɱ
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һ𣬽շħϢһµ뵽˺ԵڣһˮǿģҲ֪վ֣֮ѪôʵĺԶ޷ܸ

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ӦһҾʹӦ㡣
ˮ΢Ц˵ڶľֻ̨ڲϵĴϹ
˵ֻҪҶӦ㡣
̶ʱˣȻʲôӦ
ƣ۷ʲô鶼ҪֻȥԷѰ̼Ҫҵƣܷʲô飬㶼ҪΪŮ룬û˱ŮֻţŮŻῪġ
ˮƽ˵
һµͷҴӦ㣡ллܿˮǴȻһ鶴ԽƽԽܸодˮ̻Ľȥ
һȻСɽȣֲïܣֻûرߴľһƬﻨٵľ
ˮо·Զ볾һָоرǿңŻﱧŵŮˣԼİŮˣһҸ
ǲǸˣ
ǳЦſˮ
ûУ
ıƭҡ
ˮûٶ˵ʲô鱾ûа취֤οʹ֤кʲô塣


641 ʯ̶ʯŮ
ˮɽлεɽȥɽȱͺΣҪˮʶָܵᷢ֡
ֻˮƵΪʲôȴûһЩǿޣˮ߱룬ܿˮϲԭ
ȣ
ǰûôע⣬ֲǴлǿĶԣȻˮڶзһ涾ݣ
ǲݣ
ֲô֣Ȼǲݡ
ˮûиܵ޵ϢתźȻ۷塣
Ƕʱæιһ嵤
ˮֻСޣһⶼǶޣطûж޷ģеĶصǲǿĻľǶرǲݡ
ǲݱ綾иҪþǿΧ֮ڵжԷ
ÿǲ϶һֻ˵ȴֻһ׳ڲ׵ǲϣɽеһǲ뿪ǲݵİס
ÿֻ׷ԲĻ֣Ͻɽռһ֮ˮǲݺ֪Ĳ٣ˮЩзɽϵʯȥˮûʱЩȤĶ
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ǴӲԶǽڵĺ洫ģɽ۵ģɽûһжϢһŨ
ƹǾ޴һʯڣӳˮеľȻһˮ̶ȻͬҪˮ̶еҺɫġ
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ˮ֪Ϊʲôܵɽеһжʯ̶ԭ򣬺һȾһ㵭ʪĿ泩
ˮܼû뵽ıأʯ̶еİʯЩǧȪˣƶľ˵ˮаˡ
ˣҪˣǸҪѵ·
ˮû˵꣬ȴǽ˼ȷˡ
뵽ǰˮԼ˵ĻҪԼƣȻ뵽ҪƱȻһڡ
԰׵һķΣҲΪʲôǰľ˪ҪȴǱˮܾˡ
Ůˣһĸ׵ľŮˣ޿ƥУˮŮ˲ŮˣҲֻľܶɢϢ
ţ֪㶯ְɣû
˵仰·óȫһ˫Ҳ΢΢ı
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ʯʯûаʯ飬Ȼ󽥽ļвΧʯ黺תƺǸѭһ
ˮƽɷʯϣͷϽűʯµģţһ㣬ޱȡ
£һʯУʱ۾ˮüڿ
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ΪҪհʯ飬һ·Ҳܴ
Ȼſֲ˿ڣˮǱ̵һѣϸ⻬ĳ̶ȱʯҲѷɫ٣ʯ黷ŵ־޷ݡ
ͦشţ˶ȴ״ͦûΪ˿ΣˮȻ޷Ǿ˵ԣߵŮȷʵͬ˵ıǱ޷ĸоˮڿһ۾͸оѵһıֻǰŮȷʵܶ
ͣСƽֻ̹Ǵʱһֲ˿ڣ˴ˮҵҲĵ˼¡
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ˮϿĻȺǽ˫۵Ľգ¿ǰ·龰ˮĻѪҺڡ
֪ʲôʱѾ˫Լһ˿ңһȴԼС˫ֻ֣ҪһתͿԽԼȫĹ⾰飬οǰԼѵ·û
ֵ˫̸֣оˮ˫ڲϵԼڴһ˿˿ڵλȴĺ
Űʱˮ룬ڰʯһ±̵ĸ˿ڵϷȥ
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ģ
̸Ҫ޸İʯҲڻĽ뵽̵С
ŸڲϵĲţתţȻˮ˫̵ַĵﴦתϹǿȼеĻ
ˮĸܵڵۿɼٶ»ָţ˿ھȻѾ̣ͰʯĹЧǷֲġ
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һΣˮһæֵ̨һ£ҲоԾȣȻһֱĸо
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ǰоƨһۣǱҧһһ
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ʯ
ʯȻǸʯǰֻǿһС֣ڿȫòȴǿȫò˶ˡ
ⴲ־ͽʯŮޣ
ֻҪϣʯŮҲΪ
Ǹ˵˵ʯŮ޾ʯֻҪŮһʱͻβ类һ㣬һѪ뵽ʯУܿⴲͻɷɫȻϻɢǿҵĴϢʹʯŮҲᶯ飬ҩɽ⡭
ⴲȻġ
ˮģҲǺȻԭˮֻоǿңһֱΪǶľ˵ջ󣬿ܸоԾΪƺѹƣˡ
ͻȻˮܵһĨ壬ɬŴʱѾ־Ķľˣü΢ȴ˫Թˮ
ˮ֪˿̶ľ˲ûȫʧǣֻΪѾ֧䣬ʹ࣬ȴ֪ô졭
ľǸˣˮɫǱŮͼϵŮҲѷɫûʲôοŮԼҪˮѣô˵ҲǺܺúܺõѣˮҲãȻʧ롣
ˮһľϣ
ͻȻҲ֪ľһȭʯϣûκתʯɲһʯֱӽִƤ
ݵѣˮɱңҲŮˣɱҡ


642 ̫Ĳ
ľ˶ݵѡ
ˮɱңҲŮˣɱҡ
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ˣӦҵ۷ʲô㶼ҪţѰ̼ѵܷŮ𣿡
ŮǰԼŮѾܿˣԼ뿪
ľһʹɫеŹ֡
ˮǰֻΪԼƣȴû뵽ᷢ飬ʯŮޣⴲھݴ½˵һ˶õȴۣ⡰ʯŮޡǰʯľɡ
Ϣʲôž޴ĺôֻⶫǱЩ˫֮аӰһ˲˵Ǳ
ˮǲ
еҺʹࡣ
ˮðʯϴ˵˿ڣһʹิӵŮˣˮͬҲ顣
ˮԿеʱȴѾڿܣˮٴγ̵̨
ˣϵѹ̫ˣֻҪҲǱƲѣοٽһѾûʲô̫𣬹ؼĵ˼룬˵ķѾȥҲܿģǰģһϣúûţϣܿĵĻš
ˮʱҲ֪ô
̳Ĭˣ˼ڷɿתΪ֪Լαֲ˶ʱ䣬Σ壬Ѿˣ˵ģԼѾˡ
ͻȻ뵽ԼŮоԼŮٶˮһøУоˮƺԼŮȤ
ȻԼŮվֻ̫䣬ϲ˵ŮӣҲ̲ס̾ô
Ǻһ֮ĲŮԼѶȰ˵ԼҸˣϾԼᣬԺӻܳŮҲȰԼûзԹֻԼһֱûпǣǰӱԼС˲١
˵̺ˮ͵Ĳʲô㲻ϣϾܳഺʱҲֻܳм˸ľ˪Ĵڡ
ȻıһٽһֹڴѾû̫Ѿˣ͵ʲôմϹϵ
·ͻȻԼԼԼԼĹ͡ԼԼļ
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ˮһĽȼĻ棬֪ԼܵǿҵĸȾźȻǿֵǰٴ嵤ϧûЧ˵еġʯŮޡǰԵƥΨ̩ܵ
ͺ಻£ΨһľһĸףׯŮˣʹˮĺһҲѣҲԺԼʵøǿʱͻ᲻ˣڶľԼԼһء
ܿˮǸѾҲƲסľڵĻ棬ˮֻýĽ
ˮҲѹеĻ棬˻ʯϣˮϵҲǺܿȥ
һ˿ҵղһ𣬱ԭʼš

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ˮؾԼǰ۾һɫСӣֻ汾еȴûˣˮоǵֵϹһʱʧģߵˡ
Ҳ۾ȴߵֱӱϣǱԼͻƾѵģǰǰ·һһ
˼۷Ķľȴǵżͻƺûеôϲһ˿ã
ѾȥеҲãʱǻƻʱˣȴѾ糿ˡ
Ȼһϣһ죬ˮһ
ˮڶľϣ˿̷ԼʵͬҲǾ٣ʵ;ǴҲû̫ϲá
ΪŮˮԺ֪ôԡ
ˮûһͻŮܵԣʶˮһӣû̽һǷһ˿΢ĴϢ
̲ûмҪοǰ龰ӡ˵ԺȻεȴʵĴڡ
ӦѾöûнӴˣˮǲ֪ζһҹ˫޵ǺȻ졣
ˮָоȻһһʯУϴҲǱʯ飬ˮһһȴǲܡ
ǰΪ˾ˣƲô˵ȥˡ
ˮ
ţ
ȥˣԶȥˣǶòãûз
̵ͷ˵
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̫ĲΣ
ҲΪŮҲԶʧ֮ۡԼŮĹˣԼŮǾȹԼҲΪ˾ԼŻᷢ顣ǲԼӦ뿪һЩԼӡ
ˮ֪仰ʲô˼ҵԼ·ϣҵĿռӦ滻·
˺Ů˷ϵͬİ·ҲȫˮŮ˸ȻͲЩꡣ
˴ԵĺǰĸоһرĿʱܻ¶һ˵Ķ
ΡšһЩ˵Ķ
ˮߣһ˪ضľǣһʱӦþͻ᳹ˡ
ߵʱ̿ˮ˵
㲻Ҫ룬Ҫˣܾ͹ҡ
ˮվԱ˵
ôԹ㣬ˣҪ뿪ˣ뿪ڻصۼҰɣ飬ǻǺǰһĺѡ
˵̤Żȥ·ȥ

ˮг
ҵĻȥɣ
ˮᣬȴǿĴ̵ĶУѾɵߡ
̻ͷһˮŻ뿪ˣ
ˮվڶǰһֱ㶵ģˮоͶľǲѣԼԮĸŮֻǸжرˣȻҲڹƶ֪˴˵Ĵڡ
ˮвû̫ĳֻǸ˺Ȼнֻˡ


643 ʵһǧٿ
˦˦ͷˮı仯ϹǿѾЩӴﵽٰʮ죬ˮתʱ˳ĿĹؿڣһֱһʮʱͣ
һˮҲ֪ҪͻĻӦҪͻİ죬پʮʱӦϡ
ôԶʲô
ˮԳЦЦ
ˮıʵٴ࣬ﵽǿİٿﵽٰʮ
ȻϹǿЧҪһεĺ̴ãˮоͻʱѾ˺ܶʵ
ˮںȻļɽȫʵʩչԴﵽһǧٿһ㣬ѾԷӳʵ
ֿȭҲܴǧ֮
ϽĻʵٴǿһЩ
֪ˣΪʱʵнû뵽飬ͰϹֵսˮ֪ǿһҲʶ˰죬ǰ϶оеòϵĸо
һΪĸȴսԺȸͺǿжԼģֻҪƵãˮоԼҲһս
رǶЩʵǧߣ۽𾦼ֱһĴһö嵤ˮĿھԼһǲϡ
ֱˮɲŹǰʯ̶͡ʯŮޡ޷ŪߣҲԼ̫뷨
ĿԺ嵤ĹЧˮǰѺȻת۷壬ðƷȻŽ֮ƵɾС
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ˮЦЦֲ֣Ҳ˵Ժʹô˵ҲѪԵϵֳ»ֵܼ˱ϾģõۼҴ˶ǸҵˣΨǸ۾һ̫ʵ
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ˮֵܣɲ԰ǹҳһ¡
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۽ûЧЩȥõ۷ɫվһ˼ɫ
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һʱ䣬ۼһǹеĿŵ۷ǣǺܺ棬ܰѰϹŪĹжǿ
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һʹҶǳԵĺܿģԵҲǺ죬ĿڵһʯǷˣ۳ˮߣûдɴ
ˮֲ֪ʲôʱ۳ѾٴɴˣԼţƽ̬ˮо˺Ƕķһ
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ô˼ҿ
۳Լˮ˵
ÿ

ϯһֱ˿ɢϯɢˮҸȥϢ˺ˮǣϾˮľһϣֻǱ˲֪ôƵĶѡ
壡
ֵһʱ䣬ʱԽǳԽǵ𣬱˵һһ죬ˮһȴʮ졣
һɾˮȥĸڳŶˮ̶ǲˮ̶ţɢϢΧȫǣΧڵһжĶԷ
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ڿ֪ʮʵȴǲ֪۷ʵͨ𼶱ԽԽƳ۷Ӧ֮
һ뵽۷ʵԼʵˮоʱֳ˶־ϣ
ЩȦĶ۷ڣʥݵʨӦҲУʶһҶ裬ˮӦһҪ̤ʨ룬ֻû뵽ӦûҪȺܾúܾãԼԼµĶʮʱ俴Ҫĸʱˡ


644 ɵ۳Ըһ
һҹ֮䣬ۼҵѸٵǿϹǡͨˣǿеݵ˶֪ʱ֪ս˲٣ϾϹֵٲܣԶհˡ
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һΣˮһ㵨ԽԽˣ
Ҫ˵һ£
ˮζղĸоζĿŵ۳Цڵڵ۳ǰѾôнˡ
˵ѧˡ
۳ˮЦ
뱧㣡
ˮǰľգʱһһЦˮħһ촽ʿˮ˳ҲΪΣˮ˵Ѿıס۳
۳ŵ΢ЦǵĺΣˮЦᳪɢһȻ
ˮǵõһ۳ЦЦģҲչЦһЦˮз·Һһ㣬ر泩ġ
ʱ򷿼ȴǿˣ۳һͿˮ͵۳ӵ
һ۳ҵİˮƿոȥĺٴ
ˣȵʱҲ֪š
΢Цŵŵ۳ˮ˵
ˮ͵۳ֿˣ㲢û߳ȥȤĿˮΪʱĵ۳ߵò͵档
ţҲʱ
ˮƵ˵
˵˵
۳Ĵˮһŵ߹ȥ
ǿĵЦţֻжһɫһı飬ˮʱʱᷢˮ˵ûж룬οҲǵһοԼֻΪô٩Լķ
㣬оô
ס߹ĵ۳Ц
ʲôоô
۳һûзӦ
Ǳ˵ĸо
֪Լȥԡ
۳ûк˵
ߣ˵ĺҪȥԣ㻹ƴ
ȡЦ˵һգգĿŵ۳ı顣
ǺǣҪϲͱҪܰĹ߲źãǽҲ÷ֿˡ
۳ζĿŵ㣬˵Ļѱ١
ҲŲϡǳģôˣҪҸҵɱˡ
תĺܿ졣
ˮһԿģˮ֪ʱõǱ죬ѡ뿪ͬʱŮͼϵĽãرΨˮо·ϴꡣ

ˮŮ͵ۼһԵģֻǵһ֧ҲǺܶ࣬ʮˣǰۼ˶ʱ徲ˡ
ʵһٷԵĺܳأΪ֪ŮѡԭԼһٷܾͱˡ
ùãԲˣ
ùã
ɺ͵СϵİЩŵ۳ȥ
۷͵۷ǻеۼ˶û˵ֻżøӺ͹еĿ⿴۳


645 ɵ۳Ը
ˮ΢Цڵ۳ߣڵ۳ұߣʱҲе˵ǳԷʵûʲôθڡ
Է
۳վԼǰһʢ˫ֵ
һվϹžϲЦݣȴǿƲסĵᡣ
Ůͷˡ
ʱĵݣС֪۳ǿƲѽ۳͵û㻹һ졭
ҵĽӹ۳꣬ҲǸŮϵʽΧ˿龰¶˿ĵЦݡ
Щܿˣǵܡ
һУԼʵ㹻Ϲִ˭Ҫûá
Ů֪㾡ˣҲףһҵ֧ŲףŮ
۳ЦĿһԵˮеˡ
ҵĵӣˮûڳҵŮˣҪʾʾ
ĵ˵Ȼ롣
Ǹ
֪ʲôҲ˵ɣˣסˮӦҲ⣬½һׯ԰ǵļױɣĶǸ͵ׯ԰
΢Цֹ۳˵
۳Цû˵ʲô⸸׵飬Ҳ΢ЦţϵЦݺܿģûΪѵۼõׯ԰ͳȥʲôģо۳õʵġ
ǵϼңۼŮûгɻǰס֮⻹һЩׯ԰ֻҪŮһɻ飬ססõһׯ԰ҲһݣΪŮҪ䡣
ۼļ壬ׯ԰ǲȱģסϵۼҲǿޱȣԵ۷ɻҲһֱסġ
ǿǵ˶֪½ŵϺŵĽֵסĶǸ̻ҡɣҵ٣һжǶõġ
Ůлл
۳ĵ˵
֪ǵһ⣬ûб˼ˮԱĬ飬Ȼ۰ʲôĲýǮʲôЩ˵ˮҲ޳ɣֻ˶ϲԼǿ󣬾ǰȻТĲýǮĸˣǮ˾ͿõҽסõҽԺûǮĿŸĸȥ˵ʱܶණǾԵġ
ֻ˵Ψһĺ׼ȴΪһҲǱһ˵⡣
ԱߵĹˣ΢Цվóһֻͷεݸˮĸ׵ʱҰɻʱ㣬ڸɣȻеˡ
лл̣
۳СĽӹлһϸһ˿ĸףʱ뵽ʹֹôټǸ׵Ůˡ
ˮס۳֣û˵ֻܵԼĴڡ
۳ˮͷͷΣҲ¶ɵЦݡ
ˮͶмһۣǴˣŮΪӵԭʲôҲû˵ΪӲġ
θڶرĺãۼһǲϺˮƣ÷ͽֵøˡ
һһֱԵڣ൱ĺãһ֧̲ҵȴǺܽһˡ

ˮ͵۳뿪Ÿǰŵķȥ
֪ʲôʱˮѾǣס˵۳֣ȻģˮǸое㼤е֪˵ԼԱ˵۳
۳΢ЦŲʱĿˮһֱŵ΢Цһ̵Цݺе㲻һ
ˮ֪۳Ľ⿪ˣԼӦǰۼҵˣһֱŵĵһЩ
һҪ˵лл㣡
۳ץסˮֻЦҲˮƨɰɡ
ˮ۳˿ɰһ̲סЦˣһЦȴõ۳е΢죺Ц
úãЦЦҲ̫ѷĻˣ˵Ҹôͷɣ
ˮȻ˵ŲЦЦţΪʱ۳Ů¶СŮ˵Ŀɰرģˮʱ̲ס붺
ҡ
۳ҲЦˡ
ˮ˫˳ƵĽס˵һֱ۲һ硣
۳ȴǱˮס޷ˡ
һ£ͷ㣬˵ò
ˮоһرãָо޷
ã
ò
ã
˵Ǵƨأأ
ˮ΢Ц˵ٴνǰ˴գѾñǼⴥ˵۳ǡ
ˮûһһŮ˱ƵĵزڷԽԽŮˡ
ڵİŮ֮İ
ˮˡ
۳˵µϢֱˮϡ
ˮڵ۳һ£Ȼѱ˫ַŵǰߣãǻȥϢɡ
ã
۳˵͵ˮһ¡
һˮ͵۳һһϣϧˮڿˮûбƵ۳ҲûҪ֪ʱһж˳¡
ڶ죡
ˮһȥ½ְɣǲ⡣
۷ˮ͵۳˵۷ǡ㶼ڡ
ˮȻӦ۳ԸѾɣһֱڵۼˮоܲڣһЩˮһʱ䡣
ŵۼרõ޳˳ƽĴ½ֳȥ
½ִ˵ǿǿԿһ֣ҲΪԭŵϻֵһ֡
ϻǻ£˶￴
½־ۼҲǺԶ޳ҲҪʱļ
Ȼվׯ԰ǰʱˮ֪λãλ½жΣĽֵһռϲСˡ
Ĵʾ˵ɣſڴֻ޴ʯޣˮȵϵɫдžȻ֡
Ȼ½߽ȥɽˮʯӦоУˮһвûжôĸоӵׯ԰Ƕôѵ顣
ׯ԰൱ݻģֵҲǾ޴ģλúãׯ԰̨ͤ¥۴ƻǵĲĶϵȵģһǳԴҵֱʡ
һ·ϺüˣģҲģŮУɨģׯ԰޼Щľ
̨ͤ¥ĽͱĲֻ࣬Ҫݻ࣬ԺǿһŵˣԼ͵۳ļҡ
ˮǲҪһͥԺ
͵۳һţŤͷŲԶˮ˵
סĸͥԺסǸ


646 ӿһ
ǲ⾢Ժȥͽ㷿ʱŻ
գ˫ƮԶĿˮ
ˮĿŵ㣬Ůƺ٩ԼͲǰϤʱоһԿһԼԦŮˡ
ϤˣѲѼԦˮ֪֪ǸѲŮˣҪԼǰյֿܵϢҪǺԼ
ˮ֪ǲǾΪϴκŮˣһֱڻопܣɵĺֲ˵С˺Ů֮ǵСҲܵŮˣɼŮ¡
˿һоˮҸϧˮûģûǸ˼ʱΨͷˡ
˵СΧ˶˵ûʲôӦֻǵ۷ɫŹ֣ˮֿֿµĵ۳ܿϻָȻ
С¥߰ͤҲĸֿҲɽľˮءš
û¾Ͱ¥תתոµģþҲװýȥģһȾ
С㣡
ˮЩҾߺװκŵе
Ҫ㣡
ķ
۷ĺȵȻѵ⣬Կû˼ֻǱ϶ѣϾ۳ǵĽ㡣
ûҴ飡
㣬ǲ㡣
۷Ȼûѵ㣬ϻǺġ
֣СϺαôأһƺѡ
ˮæԲ
򣡡
˵ȴԶȥ˭ҲܿˣˮЦ֪ΪԼԼӦʲôҲᷢ
ˮȥôˣȥɣ
۳΢Цˮ˵
ˮһ㶣Ȼججŵȥеãȥµ˵ûҲá
ˮܿʧǰŵķȥ
ʲôѵ㲻֪ܶˮкøС
۷ԥһ»˵˳Ŀŵ۳
֪Ҫǵסģ˳ȻҲ鲢ء
۳΢Цſŵ۷Ц
ǹˣˮҲǷˣѵ㻹˼㲻ĻѹĺˣСԺǿʹȻܵġ
絣ʲô
۳ȴЦˡ
ҵöʾɫǸжǲģˮҲڻܹرģʱ䳤ˣм䡣
۷˵̾˿
磬ôԼġ
۳Ц˵
˵Ķ԰ùãùñÿġ
ɿĵЦ
Ǽɶˣһȹùúÿ
Ҫһô𣿡
۷컹Ǻܵĵʵɲ뿴÷顣
磬֪㵣ʲôͷİɣԲᷢ顣
۳ƽ˵
۳۷ҲһֻҪ۳֪пܷ黹ƽͺã˵Ѿ˰취˵ԼĵĲᷢ

ˮ׷ϵʱѾ˺ԺվںԺɽĳϣųﻶ㷢
ôˣôίҪҳ
ˮߵ۳ߣ֪ôο㡣
ͻ۸ҡ
תίĿˮȻûᵫ˸о·Īίһ
úãҲԡ
ˮֳ棬ԼŮˣοҲ㡣
ϲϲҺ򣿡
۳ˮͻȻʵ
ƺѣʲôһ
ˮ˵
ˮĻһ˿ʧ䣬ܿͻָԭ״һ˵ǲǺң
Ϊʲôô˵
ˮеϲŮ˵˼·
ҴŮˣǲرķң
ˮЦŮ˼ǳı˫⻹ܲشε˵ʱҲĵġ
Ҵ
е㡭
ȥ
ĴˮһЦ˳һ˲ŵķۼˮٴθ̾ŮɱһѾ
ô
ˮһºĿˮ
ôͻȻûˣһοʱоյ£ɼӣ㿴ڣСŮһһҲˣ飬ˡ
ˮЦҲˣ˳㶺Цһ䡣
ȥģ˵Ϊžݶһʱٺ򡣡
㿴ˮһ䡣
һӶܺˣ˵ôһ㣬򶼺ˣ̫źˡ
Ѿޱȣ˵ĻҲ翪Цһ
ƺ˵ʲôҧҧʲôҲû˵ˮҲ˵ˮʱ˵һ򶼲ôûش
ˮ͵㷵ǰԺʱҿǶЦţȴǰ˵۷һۣõ۷ֻܿЦ
ɰ֪ۼλֵסˣ
ʱһ˲֪ʲôʱѾѾ˲Զ
ˮ͵ۼҵתӳˮĸˣ˵һűȵ۷ǴȴǱȵ۷Сӣ߱ˮ߳ͷòʣ˫Ŀһ򵥵ʿϴһζ
˾ڤܣʲô
ϵǵȻȿ˵ˮٿ˵ı飬ƺʲô
˵ںһߵĺܽǵ㲻ã˵ҸĻ𣿡
תɫһӡ
ˮɻĿ۷죬ԷЦʱȻ˽һЩ˾ڤǵ׷ߣ˾Ӧ˾ҵˣˮ֪˾Ȼ֮һе۷ĿЦˮоۼҲ˾ҡ
ˮɫ鿴ѪȴһҲ֣ǿмǵۼҵ˹ѱһЩΪˣ˵ۼҵ⻷þųɾŵֹʣЩ͵ۼҲµļ壬ǵӵ˭ȢвòݵŮӡ
Һ˭ߵĽʲôϵĲֺʲôϵҡ
Ŀ˾ڤһ˵
˵һǵô˵棬ˮȵķ˾ڤûʲôΣǺǰһ۰Ͱ͵Ŀŵ㡣
ĺϲ㣬Ϊ׷㣬ˣҲҪˣ˵˭Ҹϲ㣬ֻϲһˡ
˾ڤֻһ˵
ǸҲˣֻˮƵ߻ħˣȻ׵ԼӺͺӡѵ֪ΪΪӳΪʲôҪֺ˵ɫϻ߻ħˡ
֪ʲô𣿡
ʱƽ˵
ʲôˣ
ʱ˾ڤеʵ
ʼΪûζˣǸŮ˸Ҹ㣬˼Ǩһɫ˥ҲҪ
˵


647 ӿ
ΪʲôΪ㣬Ϊ㡣ǲ㱻Ǹסˣ˭
˾ڤܴʱرļ
ˮĿ˾ڤܣ浣᲻ΪˮоѾҪ߻ħˣͬʱˮҲڸ̾նˮ
ûסң֮ԺҪңΪҲ뿴ˡ
㿴Ҳ˾ڤܵ˵
ͻȻ˾ڤܵĿ⿴ˮһ㣬һҪ
ˮ֪ô£ȴͻȻԼˮЦһʼսʲôǰˮоʵ׷㣬оɼΣķҲֻܵһˣʵӦҲǵҩãƾʾ硣
ĺΪʲôܻţ
ˮûκκøУԳҲûбҪӣ˵ԷҲûиԼӡ
Ϊʲôܻţұȱ˻Ÿá
˾ڤܷ·˵ʹһĺڵ͸սʱ̬ʮǧ
û˾㣬ûӵһ춼ˡ
ˮƽ˵壬Ե˻Ҳֻѡ
ǵۼңۼûڵʵ˾ڤܶҪѵˣʵˮѾ˾ڤӦܶ飬һӦıסˡ
ң
˾ڤһӸıǰڵǰڱĶˮеĺȻǿһ߳ŭ类ͱʹĺӡ
ˮֻ˵һûӣֵңŲмĿһۣҧˣ˵׼һСľͻᱻ˴
Ҫ
˾ڤܷŭĺҪˮȥֻȴһסˣȻ˲ſˮô˾ҵ㻹ǵһ
ʱˮĿˣȻ˵ӣˮо;Գˡ
һͷѾˣϵĲɣǱҲʶãһü˳Ŀ̬ȴ˸оǳ˯еޣһְΪˮֻܵ弶߶ѡ
ԼıʵҲѣˮܵĵ۷Ҳ˵۷һѡԶʱڰʵӵ
һ
ˮж̣Ϊˮ֪һαıڡ˺һĹԶݵİʵɱϧֻʹһΣΪһξͰȫĵ˳ңһ㲻ʹãһʹþƸۣԶץסʱԸԷһʱʹá
Ŷѵ˵𣿡
ˮǸоͲˬ˾ҵ˼ǰǸ˾ˮһҲûкøУԼо˾ڤ׷ƺ顣
ǿû˾ңѵΪǵۼҵĿˣ
˿ˮҲˮʵֵһᡣ
ˮʱȴһ뷨۷ҲüͷΪǰ˾ҾǲôĿŵΪΪʵƵۼҡ
ΪѾۼҴһϢǲµۼңҪ͵ۼײĻ̵ĿĺͶĿǰ
Ī˾ҿſǽӦµİɣ
ˮĿˡ
˾ҵĵۼСʾãȴǲϵ⵽裬һ˶˾ңѵ۸˾ˣ
ⶥñӿνĲСȻµģҲûбҪˣʱһֱû˵ĵ۳ȴǿ˿ڡ
ﲻӭλذɣ
۳Ļһ㶣ȻȴǺǺЦ˳ȥȻȥ˾ұҪۡ
ƺˮһҲȻɢΧסˮʱпҪˮնɱһ㡣
ˮҡͷԼʵѾƭûӵˣӵҲԼʵƭ˲١
㻮µҽžǣۼҲκˡ
۷վǸü˵鵽һѾûбҪ˵ġ
۷죬ʵֲôţǰαȻʵҲֻһѣֻǸ߶ѣһߣҿ˲㡣
˵ü˳Ŀƺûпκˣ˵˵Խк͵⡣
ۣ
ˮʱȴЦˣûôװڼӵˣ弶۷ʵȻܲˣߵҲǻĿ˾ҲˣˮȫʵѾﵽҲûиоΣΣжûаѡ
˵Ǻܴ
ʱȴ½߽ˣཫʮˣиˮϤװˡ
ţ
һЩεˣֻˮȴϲ˿̴Ҷһ飬ҪѵۼҸ塣
ˮеɻǰۼҺͰߵĺܽڱˣˣֻΪʲôҪϵۼء
ŮˣǮһЩı
ˮоǮˣŮˣ
ˮ۳͵㣬ܣоӦûǣӦ⣬Īǵۼҵ˭Ĳ·ߵۼʲôǿıȻ˭ôðǵۼҡ
ˮ۷죬ִ˿ɫѿ㣬Ҳ֪ĲԣķչѾ
ˮȺпһϤˣһŵ꣬ǸΪүꡣ
˾Ǹ˴ʱȺ˵ĵˮֵ̻һЦӭȺ󲿷˵Ⱥ
ף
˾ҵǸһ߹˵
ûõĶ
˵˿һÿľһȴɢΣյϢ
Ǹǰûǰǹɹ°еǹ;ηȻ˾ҵķӦúء
˴ŵķΣǸŵүƺ߶Ǻ𾴣ź˾һǹϵǳ
ǧ֣ǸͷӾǵĳӣһ֧˵ۼǿһ֧϶󣬵ۼҵѾǰˡ
˾ҿľһԱߵһɫϸĿü˵
ɣڡǽ֡Ƕ̨ǰ죬ռޣۼ˲ȥǾֻ̤ۼˡ
ƽ˵
˵Ǹŵүȴ˳һֱߵˮ͵ۼ˵ǰ΢ЦŰߵĻظ˵һ顣
̫ɱ㣡۷˵žҪȥǸүƴɱ
۷ȴץס۷ǣܣʲôأ侲
ռޣʲô
ˮɻŵ۷ʵ
ɻ߼ֹ֮Ķȥֱһ֮ˡ
۷˵ֻ۳ĻرĿɬ
ŶˣˮҲҪμӣô˵ҲǰۼҵˣҪΪۼ˾һֺҲǻԽ
ŵү΢Цƽ͵ˮ˵


648 ¡ռޡ
ˮû뵽ǰռޡСүˣɼŵĵλͣΪǰ˵ֻһˡ
оᣬʵȻȵ۳Ҫһ㣬ŵġүӦһʦڶʦ˵ʵµģµĶҩͶЩͶҩǿ˲ȥʧȥ֪ԼԻÿֻеȴűɱ³
ˮû˵Ͼź͵ۼڽ棬ڻֲԼ˵ʱ˵ǾͲò˵
ˮ㿴
۷غżʱҲԥǴ飬ĿͶˮϾ÷档
ˮЦſŵ۷죺ռ˫ս𣿡
ʵˮǺܾˣ֪ռޡɻ߼ֹ֮ڶ̨϶ȥֱһ֮ˡ
ԷƵһһĻˮͻѡܾŶԷۼңȺŹ嵤ĴڻԼĸռ˱ˡ
ƣһ̨ˣҲˣԿԲһһĶ̨ս
۷һƺҲ뵽ˣĵ˵
ۼҳûǱ˱Ƶ̶ȣԵõۼƺȱ˲˺ܶ࣬˲֣ŵۼҳҲܵġ
ˮ΢Ц۷˵
õˮĿ϶۷쿴ǸүЦۼҽˣǽֵǶ̨
ãˬ죬ţ
үֶһźɫƤ״ֽɫּ£һֱ׳ĸо
ռޣ
ˮҲּռ޼֣ˮûпҲٿˣ鵽һʵѾǲݵĵز˫ַͨʽΪһʧܸԼһЩ޹һ·
ˮŲԶļ߶΢Ц⼸ߵʵǲףرǸüϸĿΪǧ֡ߣˮ͸ԼܸоʮûеĪزҲˮ˵Ӳʵһ
ۼҽ¡ռޡŵ˻˾ҵ½뿪Ǹ˾ڤҲ뿪ˣ뿪ʱƺʱһ΢Цŷ桭
ԭϷ
ˮû뵽һԼƭˣһʵΪ˱Ƶۼҽռ޵ġ
ԷˣۼҵȴǳĬˣռޡɲС飬֮ս棬֮
磬ǲ̫ˣ
۷ŵ۷ʵ
νʣʵѾֻܽܣֳ²ܵĻǺпܻǣֻҪžԻôҲʵ
۷̾˵
磬һοôðˣҿҪǰ
۷յ˵
ң
ˮɻĿ۷ǡ
ź˾ҵĹϵеģΪ඼˾ҵˣ˾ŵʵ˾ǰĻҡܼҺͶżңƽʱţһγֺʵǿǳǿһ壬óֵǿҲм
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651 ġ컯ҩվʹá޽׵
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ˮ־Ȼ޽׵ҩݣֻǲ֪ĵҩƳɹĻһһŻţҩһֲĹ涨Խ߼ĵҩһƳԽ١
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ˮеȲĽɾȻϹǿԼƽŲſʼоǼҩ
ˮƵ޽׵ˮĿҩеÿһҩݣȻҩԡ
ôһķ˽֮ҩԣǸںϣںϺʲôҩԣȻʣµָںϣЩһһѡУ˭ļڻǿģǿ˵ǹĿɣʵʵﵽǺǿģʹǹĿ鶼ܼסΪ˱֮
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652 ׳ɹѩ̿
һ޽׵ȥһʱȥˣվûκһ仯ʱԳɹĻӦÿе㷴Ӧˣȴһ㷴ӦûС
ˮ֪ʧˣվɳǿ󣬵ô˵Ҳֻһɵĳɹʣʧ˺ʧ黹еġ
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֪վʳ޽׵ɹˮﻺ˿޽׵ʣµȫʧҲֵ

һ޴ĺк󣬾޴ġɫӡȥӳˮǰĽվٴһЩѾﵽʮףƤһ֣һ½վʵĵЦˡ
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ٶʲôĶдߣվһùﵽİʮﵽ˾Űٶ࿤
ڽ֮ջ£վʵõǧﵽһǧŰٿ
ٶҲǳɱӣ˲͹̬ˣӦ٣нͻٴһĹվڿԷǧĹ
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޵ĵȼһ忤֮ʱÿٿʵҲ޲Ż˺棬弶ԺǧΪ㣬ʵǧٿ۷ǧٿ߼ʵǳǧٿ۷ǧǧٿ˼ʵǳǧٿ۷ǧٿ˼۷ޡ
ýվμսĻеǿվٶȺͷǿǿսġ
лĿ޽׵ˮһţĿֻҪٳɹһšһƬȣýվǿ޷õѡ
һֻΪսսޣǿ̬ıս˲նɱǿԵе塰սɱ¾
ͻƺĽվƺˣΧˮıţˮ൱ĸˣֱŽվֶһ޽׵
ȴεĵȴֻϧʱȥˣȻûͻƣˮԥιȥһš
һʱûκζʱȻˣˮһֱʱ䣬ȻûͻƵļ
ţˮƽٴιվʳһţֻϧʧˣһɵĳɹʵ̫ˡ
ˮһҲιȥһˮûбʲôϣˣֻǸоһιȥˣǰɹһǶôˡ
ˮáˮʨޡµġ塱޽׵ҩԣִֻʹ޽׵ĵҩʹҩҲûʲôã޽ӵʵ޵ĵȼԼɳйϵԼʹҩ޽׵ˡ
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һˮһգգĿͬ⻷ƵĽվ󣬵ȴһϤ

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޽׵ɹΣˮˣҲҺýվĳɳǿȻһɵĳɹܳɹһζոˡ
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̲ס뵽ԬŮˣǰΣѾõ˾޴ĺôһθֻ⡰޽׵㹻ˣⵤҩԱΣˮֻ֪ⵤҩԼúĸ¶
оǺܰԵնɱĺµܺ͡͡ˮһӶиµȺڹ
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ˮгֵĶҩݣһҩݵҩԣ΢ں龰ָо΢Ҳܡ

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ĵĲֻǼ絤ƳɹˣΪҩƺһ̨ף˵ʶľ޴ͻơ
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һҪķܴ󣬵ۼٶҪ䵽ⶾĵҩڵۼˮ㶼嵤һ֧ʵҪһЩ
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ˮҩ˺ܶ࣬嵤ЧҲǴӣЧĸоرá

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߶ȵľУǿʶôʱв˿иˮɹʸߵԭ򣬻Ϊͼԭ
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һνһǰδеı仯ͬҲǰž޴ΣգҲЩ˵õ񵤺󣬷ַúȴǵǱһЩŵرͬҲˣҪҩʦֽ⿪еҩһһջֱɸհȫĵҩȻһʵҲʧһҩаȫ


655 ġ컯һɳ
ˮϥڽ¯ԱߣüͷʵǺ£ȴҪ˼ļʹпܶ
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ˮԱ׼һ˽ⶾһЧǿΪȡһԪ
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һε컯Ľˮı幥ﵽ˰˰ٿﵽһǧһٿԶתĽ֮ͽջ£幥ﵽһǧٿﵽǧٿٶȺǿѾָҲǵõɱ
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Ż˷ܵˮһ˵İݺ㣬ͬʱġռޡҲǰǰ㵣ˣһڴ
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ЩΪˮ֪ƺܿҪɾʱˣʣµʱˮߣԶĽվʱˮĵЦˡ
̶̵ʱڣԼͽվʵȻ˷츲صı仯һӱûɱԼͽվһξԻɡ
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ˮҲһֱæռȼ˾Ϳʼڡռޡ֮ǰ԰ѺһߣһˮĴһ㡰ˮʨޡµľ߶ԡ


656 սǰϦ׼
ʮдĴ£û취ͻأѾ߷ĸҲ֪ʲôʱⶫԵı̬ϧڶǧʵϵֱá
һֻҪ;ÿ춼ɾһˮһЩ£ʱҩмûһеʱֻ֣ܷ
оɾųʱˮһɾѾ΢΢ˮ⼸춼ǵڶѹͰɾʱ꣬ʲô飬ʲôµʱͻᵢһ졣
߳䣬ڵۼҵʱ۳Ǻ͵סһģˮסĲԶ첢ˣȻ̫ûҲϲᳬһˡ
һſŮҲ˳ˮԵŮһ˿ѤɣˮɻĿŮ
һûôúÿˡ
˿ܻĿˮ˵ߵˮǰͷúõĿţˮŵ
ÿ
ˮɻˮɻʱ򣬵ЦóһСӾٵˮǰ
ˮ˾еԼ֪˵ʲôûʲô䣬ƤһЩţ۾ƺ峺жһĸоˮܽܵľüµӡǡ
ǰǰɫģȻҲǺԣˮܣת죬ȴǸӸӺˣе㽿ޣˮҲ죬ˮϵļǰ΢һЩǻƶСӡǱǰ޶ˡ
ҪܰɰҾͺˡ
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ˮͻȻֵкü棬һκԼͶ֣ʱҲһӰǰȻˣֻԼǰƺʲôܻ䣬ˮ֪Ǻ»ǻ¡
Ԭתͷˮ˺ƺһ˲ãܿЦź˴к
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Ц߹ȥ˵
ˮżŮڰֱ㳯ǸС̨ȥȻ˵Сֱ̨Ҳʮ״Сģˮ̫ȭ㹻ˡ
һԾ׶ߵĶ̨
ĳѾ¶һߣˮ˫ƽƶб£ȭưڣβ
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ŮͻȻ־ȻȫˮĽһ󣬷·һ㣬Ů˼ЦЦ
۳ҲŶ̨һȥҲȥˡ
ȴûжվԬԱ΢Ц졣
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ԬƺһʱûзӦĿŵ㡣
ղſһֱ˼ҵģôôˡ
ζĿԬЦЦĺܽ
㻹ȡЦңǰ޲ð˰ɡ
ԬպǺǵЦţˮû˵ƺҲ˺ܶ࣬һᾪŮҲЦôа
ˣǲ˵ˣã˵ˮô
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Ҫôֺ죬Ҳ֪
Ԭ΢Ц˵
˵˵ˣǽ⡣
ЦǺǵ˵
治ֻ֪֪ǸҲܴˡ
ԬЦ˵ȻŵǳЦţ۾һգգ
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㱻Ԭտе㲻ڡ
㣬ǰǿ㿴ܲһ㣬㿴еܸо֮鷢˵ôǿӶĤݵŮӶĵġ
ԬǴȤһ˵
㱻Ԭ˵е㲻˼ͻȻԬյҸɦһ£˵
ɫŮЦţԶ
ˮΧȫԼ⾳ʵĴˮ֪ʱҪ
̫ȭһܺõѡųжȣиᲢãԽɾҲҪһЩʱ̫ȭ׵ڻľ޴
һֱɽͣˮͣٴһǧӡģ뻹ˣΪԶŮƺڵ
¶̨Ůȥȥ緹ˣ
Էʱۼ˶ڣīϷҲڣīϷ˿ˮ۵Ĳ˼飬ܿǿĵЦˡ
ҲˮʵҪˮǷϱ֮ǰʵӦúʵŷֲĹϵʵǿһάĵķſһȻ
īϷ˺͵ˮʵҲȻǾޱȣٶҲȷʵ˷˼
ˮҲҩ֮ˣԬ˵һʵ˼ƺҪһ㣬ʣ߼˼ǻһѾ˼
ˮɣԬѾͷǴûôƳһˣΪ
ͷһһŨŨЦ
ǰˣһλҪлλǰǰȭ
ˮ΢Цһ̬к
ҲֻܴһЭīϷ㹻ˡ
ˮԬյıһһ棬ֵ֪ܣ˼ĽԬһһһĽԬɣʣǸŰ׷ĿϵԬ塣
ҺһҲ۾һоԼҲû˵ԾһĬۼ˵ͦԾġ
һȻ̲ۼձ̶ٱһ˿ҪһۼұҲͶٶˣü˼ģҲۼҾˡ
ۼôĴ壬˵ʵеˣ඼õˣҲǵۼҵңʵۼҵʲôĴ󲿷ֶھӪӯĴͷǵۼҵģʵһУǹ쾭壬οҲ˫Ӯ
һٷԵҲǽԴϲۼߵǻһЩۼλóס߲ںõۼʵѾǿǵλӽĩˣĩ˶еǿ
ݴ½ͬҲһ˵õȮ죬еۼǸڣۼҿ԰ݵ֮Уûк֮ǣۼҿ֮˲ˣۼҵԽԽ뷨۸ۼҡ
һôʱ䣬ѾͲסˣֻˮƫƫˣˮ֪Ǻ˻ǵù
ϲҲͲŽʵҲܵвԹƲɼãΣŻˮڡ
ˮǽռôɣ
΢Цſˮ˵ۼҼֻһ΢ЦſһУƺȫչ
ǰ˶ҶԼ⼸˶˽⣬ʲô߼˵˵ɡ
ˮ˵


657 ࣬顱
ɣүӸ˵˵⼸ұϵʵɣ
ԥһˮЦ˵˵ŹİĿתϡ
ˮһ㶹ŵ˵үӸ֪ǣ
ãҾͰ֪ĸǣˣ˵ˡ
ƺرģֿ۳á
εһ̫ˣǰۼλڵʱǿǵҲǺ绽ֻϧеǡ
ǰӣӾۼǿȥ󣬶۵ʵֲ㹻ȫ͵ۼƥĵλ˼ȻͼۼûԱȻͻ
ͻˣȴͬǲۼҵĴҵһ㣬ҲžǲۼԲŻѡʱ֣ʱѵۼҴг
һ͵ۼǰķ涼ɣֻߵǶޣʮľǵʵֻµǵĶԾһ۷ʵҲС
۱΢Цŵ˵ʱ
ˮû˵ţҲеʶǿǣֻҪﵽʮѾĴڣֻʮǴǧʵǧŰٿʵ
ˮ֪ŵʮʵǶٿӦҪīϷһЩɡ
īϷ˵ʵҲǸոջָʮͰϹֵֻʵ࣬ԼûɱһӦûʲôñԵġ
˾Ԫϼһ壬ҲһʮߣҲʮʱͻƵģΪ֮һ˾һֱûм֮һ˾ʵԹǡ
˵Ѿһǰܵĸо
ۼǰܺãֻϧۼλߵ磬мһûһƺ㣬ֻҪʱۼӦûܿվҲԭ˶ۼվɣѾֶɱ
ʣµңҡܼҺͶżұϺڵۼҲ£óֵҲ˼ˡ
ˮʱ֪ʲôоͻƺˮûо˼вȴ֪ǿǿʵĲ٣ûеۼҵλڣڵĵۼҲͺҡܼҡżҲ£ʵѾǲ֮λˡ
ֻǿ߲˼Ҷˮ˵ϿԹˣȫʩΪˮӦÿɱ˼ߡ
һָоż͸ոմﵽʮҲˮУˮоۻһֱ˵ĶǱϵʵѵаģоǶַǺصġ
ϼһ˾ҵϼһﶼǿĶޣֻ֪˾ǸʮĶһֻжֻһߣлƣó֮ٶ죬Լǿʵֻ۷壬һ޼ҲֻܵķݣһҪСġ
˵곤³һ
˵Χ˶ǳĬˣ˫ʵǺģҪĵۼڵʵҶԷʵȴֻ˽һĴţһǺܾǰʵ
ˮɣ˭սҪҳǿģҲֻƴһƴˡ
ʱˮ˵ȻҲû뿪Ҳû˵һЩĻοˮģԼܱȫۼңоҲֵˡ
Ļõۼҵ˶Ǿޱȣôشؼȴһ˵
۾һһƺ˵ʲôȴǱ۾ס⣬۾ʱûִ˼Ե۾һѰסˣ϶ã˵ķݣѾܲˡ
ˮɣǶ֧㣬һԵġ
ʱīϷ΢Ц˵
ʱˮҲǫˣ˼һ£սֻȥˣҡŻǰ
ˮ˵ȫ˲һƬȻҪ֪ռޡȥ˵ģһ㶼ȥˣɸȥԽԽãΪò㻹ںͶ
ˣԷ˵ĻǺܳԿ
ʱǸԬü˵īϷ˺͵ǿһˡ
ϾȭģȴֻܿţȻҲ֪Լ˵ʵãе㱻˿Ǹоܲˬ
λǰҲ֪óҩ⼸˶ವӣǰ˰ǫ̈̄ҪŻ˾ǲò
ˮ˵
ûʲôһģֻˮСֵܣ֪Ϊʲôֻȥأ
һԵԬɺЦŽ˵
˶ಢãձ鶼ȶԷʵͣȥԽ෴ԽȥǿߵĻȥҲǹв˿ţǳˣӦҲ˰ɡ
ˮ˵
ʵˮ㣬ˣֻҪﲻʮߣˮץסʱ˲նɱ˼żģԷʵﵽʮϣԼⷽٶҲ޼£ͽչһˡ
а𣡡
ƽʵ
У
ˮԥһ»Ǽᶨ˵
ˮɫǸڳĺܶ¶΢ЦΪҾȻᾪķִ￪ʼˮָо֣ǰˮ˼ɫ˸оǾ˼Żشġ
ǰԬյļѾһЩⶾĵҩָڳˣˮó嵤ÿֻһڷǰĽⶾҩ޷Чʱٷá
ˮǸ˵۳īϷÿ˼Ҳ˵һЩŸۼˣֻǰǺ̬˵һ飬Բ˵Ҳ֪ô

ôˣ
Ԭտź󿴵ˮȵ˵
ôӭҡ
ˮеεЦЦԬյĿҭһ¡
ǺǣǸ˼ôƯ㣬ô
Ԭ΢ЦŰˮӦС
ƯҲɡ
ˮ˵һ䡣
Ԭûٽ˵ǰˮһ裬˸ţˮ˿оرŮˡ
ˮóǸѩ׵Ĵƿݹȥ㿴װʲô
ǰˮû۽𾦿ȥȻûеõκϢҲäĿĴ򿪣ԽǰԬտ
ԬսӹĿһѤĹâ΢΢۾·ڸŴƿеĶˮƺ˵ĸӦǿһֱܵĸӦҲǷҵĵС
νĵУӾζ֮ĵСľˮоԬӦǾ߱ǿ˵ĵУҲصӵҩ
Ԭ۾ӶϲͲ˼飬һֱˮʱŻ˵һŶ飡
飿ˮԼĶǲˣŵʵ


658 ӡôǽ
ԬĿˮ˵Ҳɻ󣬵ҸоľǶ飬Ȼûмһо˵Խж飬Ͼ˵е̫Ʈˡ
Ƕûʲôʲôã
ˮȽϹģǲǶ飬ֻ֪ʲôá
Ҿͽɣοа˳ɵļʾǶ飬ʵǴ˵еӦǶԵĸһ̬Ƕϵľ
Ԭ˼һ»Ĵʡ
ˮֵʱоܼ˵ӦǱԸһεޣ綾޻˵Ƕ
ȻҲһ֮Ѫοھݴ½ҲرģҲǺѼ⡮ӡֻЩ۷ʵ޲пܽɣ֮ڵҪϡȱΪ۷ҲǶܽӵģֻҪʧȥӵҲһֻˡ
Ԭ˵ˮҲ֪۷޵ľһǼѵõĶȻǶϵľӦǶԺǿˡ
˵ôʱ䣬û˵ӵôء
Ԭ΢ЦſˮƺһҲȻ˵
ǴСͿ˵˵ʲôðɣ
ˮЦ˵һ䡣
ҲҴһЩ֪ԣϻָӦþƣѡǶӣԴϺΣյģΪǶľǾ綾
ˮû˵ֻǾ֪Ԭջ˵ȥġ
ر֣ǶĻһζ൱õҩġֻǶͬߵĶⶾʵֻҪʵԵֱӽӴû£ݵˮһЩжֲһЩжĶﶼԴ䶾ԡ
ˮƺץס˵ʲôеã֪ⶫ򵥵ôˡ
ûбô𣿡
ˮһ䡣
Ҳǵһζҩݻ޷ãһļ޸һЩⶾҲܣ˵ҩҲܱ޷ãǶ޷ãȻпܱ֮ⶾ黹ܵʹã罫ڡ
ⶾӲΣ
ˮʵ
˵۷ҪŪҲҪȫι
Ԭ΢Ц˵
ƿӵĶԻ᲻ʧ
ˮѾԼ뷨е
ᣬӾʹеһЩԣֻҪӵĶԳһ룬ͻĸԭһͻʧֱΪһŷ飬ƽʱһЩܼӿеĶԻָ
лл㣡
ÿ֮ͣ
ԬǳЦȻ˵
Ǵ򿪿
ãҲ뿴
ˮƿ򿪣һ򿪵˲쬵ģƿֻӤȭͷС״«ĴǣƿĿҲܴ쬵ˮܵһǿɸ̾۷弶޵ľ
ƿڿȥӵĴСӣɫӨĹ죬ڵļ£ħһĹΣӨ͸
һֹһΣյĸоźȻˮգϾûбҪգԺȻӦÿԿֶ
ˮ뵽ԼɾеĶҲõţοҪºôͦġ
Ԭտ˼۵ݻˮ
Ƭ̺ˮǣˮƿӴȻͶɾУλþЩ
ռ޵ʱͬʱǴķзǿбĿĳǵǰ
̶̵һʱ䲻ǽ֪ƺҲԽԽ΢ǲϵһЩδ֪ʵǣ
һˮܲʣҲ֪һЩû٣֮˻ǺܶģҪ㹻ǿС
߳ȥתת
ˮҵ۳ʱĲɵһ˷
ã
۳ˮһɨϵįɫĵ߹˵
ֻǻû߳ͿԬŮˮһ֪͵۳˳ȥǲˡ
㣬Ҫȥİ
һȥɣȥɢɢģҲûˡ
۳Ц˵һ䡣
һ
ôˣû߲ͨ·
۳˵
ţûʲôеŤҪ۷ðʮҲ
ε˵
㣬಻ң
Ԭȴ΢Цŵ˵
Ȼ㣬Īо˰ǣ
ԬصĸӦȷе˵Ǹ֪һˣʲôδ֪
ͿĵģһйҶƽµġ
ԬղɫĿˮһЦ
պÿԬָһۣһ±ЦҾģҳȥúù䡣
ˮм䣬Ȼ硰ǹ¡һ㣬ȷе˵ǡ¹ǡŮӶվŮӣһ߳ȥܿͳΪ㡣
ڵ۳Ҳɴˣ㱾żҲûдˮòΪһ·ϲϵıۣ˵ˮʵףǺױϡ

ˮĸߴͣһЩᱻ˵ţ࡭
Ψһİ취ˮʵﵽһ㹻߶ȣǸʱ۳ʲôۣݴ½һ磬һС
ˮȥתתأ
һ۳ˮʵ
ȥǽ֣˳ȥǶ̨ɡ
ˮ˵ⶼҪˣܵĿΰɡ
ˮõҵ޳ɣ۳е㲻Ŀˮû˵ʲôֱһ޳ǽָȥ
ǽ־ҲûжԶģ߹ȥҪܳʱģż˻һ㣬ʲôˮоûбҪȻϳԼ˺ܶࡣ
͵һûлڣ
ܿ˾͵ǽ֣ھǶ̨һξʱˮ˾ͣ
ǽǿĽֵ֮һǿƵطΪĵط֮һʵеλļﶼǵ⡣
ǽֵǧףĴˮǰ޷ģһôҲǿϰˣֵϲϵشЩ޴޳;γһֲͬĸоˮϲڸϲ
ܺãߵĽϵߺּۻ۵ɣһȻУȴرƽ
ǿۼС㣬Ư
ϧˣۼҾˣٺÿĵۼС㻹ҪΪŵ
ǰԱߵ˵
˵ΪʲôҪƵۼҴռޣ
һ˲ĻǺ׾ġ
Ī֪
ɻĿŸո˵ӡ
ٺ٣ұ˾ҵˣ֪Ҳ𡣡
˵
Ŷˣֵı˾ҵĹ£ֲҪˣֵ˵˵ûŰ
ǰһѸٱЦ˵


659 Ƕ̨
˵ˣסˣǲҪ߱ˣȻʱ֪ôġ
İɣֶ֣𡣡
үóȥۼףȴǱۼҾܾĿʼžͺ˵ۼңۼҲǵùۼ汾аԪģȴںʱˣº˾ŲҲȱ˶ֵġ
Ϊֵ꿴ˮ˱Ӱ˵
֪Ķ࣬ˣ˵Ǽǽʲô
̾е˵ȴǲԼʡ
ӦȥǶ̨
Ҳȥɣ˵ûܿ벻Ķء
뿪ĵ˵һ䡣

ʵˮҲǵ˵ʵˮʶһǿΧκη紵ݶӲˮĸ֪
ˮ۳͵㣬ƺûκηӦ㲻Ϻ͵۳Ԭ˵ЦţָָΧһЩޡʲôġ
ˮ쿴ǾǶ̨ˣǿһ̨ûеݵλܡ
΢Цˮ˵
˳ǰˮֵֻǶ̨һĵطһʮִģǶ̨Բεģĸ߶ڰףΧװ߿ľ壬߿ǣˮ֪ʲô
Ƕ̨ͨʰɫֱףȷˮһģʹˣһսգһڶ̨Ͻս
ϾеĴڰף˫֮սǶ̨Ҳеʩչֽš
оǺ𻵵Ƕ̨ǿߣ糬˼弶սͲڶ̨ϣӶ̨գһֶ̨ߣԶǿ˵սǸ߿ա
ҲֻۼҺĲŻǶ̨ռޣһ㶼ֱս飬ֻҪܣ˫ͿԼصս
ģ̨ͳµ߱ȶרãΪʵƻ̫ǿ
˾ɷ㿴˭
ڶ̨ˣԶ޳˶ǴӶ̨´ǱԵش
˵һ꣬Ǹ˾ɷͬҲһֻ꣬ǿһꡣ
˾ɷĻˮ߿һ˫΢յˮϣ̰İĿˮŮϡ
˾ɷǸֵ۹ⲻŮÿһ˼ɫ
ǰ΢Ц˾˵Բ²
ߣȻռޣ棬ǲҽܾˡ
˾ɷ˵ˮȥ߰ǰǸҲæϣҪ֪ǿ˾ɷһǿһ쿡ʵ۷컹ҪһЩ㵽һģȴǲ֪ξһֱһǿ߳ƺš
ˮ˾ɷˡ
ˮ˵
˾ɷ˾ˣ
ˮɻĿ˵
ţһҪսĻòҪܣƺᣬȴ绹ҪʵҲǺǿġ
æٵ˵
ˮɻˣƺ˻˼ɣѵĺǿ
ĳϣһõĺܲϱʵǿͬһûж֡
˵˵ʱԷѾߵʮ֮⡣
Сҿ˽Ⱑ
˾ɷǺЦ˵
㿴Ҳ˾ɷˮ͵㡢Ԭ˵ﲻ棬ǻȥɡ
СΪʲôһҪأһ治ף񲻸á
˾ɷһζЦ˵
㲻õüĿ˵꣺ס졣
˼һǳ⣬оô
һǺЦǰ˵
㣬ۼڼҶ۷壬һ㣿
˼ô˵汻һŮ˺ǳȻо޹⣬ǰҲˣڵĵۼѾǰĵۼҡ
˼ˣѾһˣڵסһС
˾ɷ΢Цƽ˵
˼
˼֧֧Ҳû˵ʲô
ҹӾˣ
СĴպΧȴǲ֪˭˵ģο˵Ҳҡ
˶ͳü֡
˻еģο˶ӣʶҲҵ˭˵ġ
Ǹ˼Ȼɫǵͨ죬ȴһ仰Ҳû˵˭ȥҲҪԼСȥ
С㶼˵ҪսˣҲսԵǶôܣ֪λӲܣ
˾ɷ΢Цſˮ
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˾ɷˮʱˮͬҲڴ˾ɷǿ꣬˵Ѿ׳ӡ
ʵ۷壡
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һҲǵ۳һﵽѾˣЩеһЩ츳ӵܣ˾ɷ΢һ㣬ֻǿһ
ڶԸֻ֮Ͷѡ
ˮЦҲЦ˳˺֣һ˵ʵԼ̫ʱڱƵʱҲûʲôоһֻǰαQἤŭ㡣
ȷҪս
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ȷ㲻ɣҲûס㣬ô˿ţᱻ˵һֻܶŮ˱
˾ɷ²˵
ǰǸ˾ս
ҪսȻʲôվţõŮ˰ɱѡһ

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ʹ죬ڳ˶Ǽ֤Ǿǰһս㡣
˾ɷЦ˵̤Ÿ߿ƮһǳɣΧ˴̤̾նֻ𼶱Ȩ
ˮ
۳ĺһס䡣
ǰ˵ĻҲˣϾˮʵû֪
ңļӣҿɲô硣
ˮסЦ
ʲôʱˣ˼Ц
ˮҪСĶ
üһ䡣
лллġ
ˮЦȻ̤ͬն𣬺ܿ˾ɷ֮ľֻаײ
ˮǽԥɱǲҪı¶Լʵ


660 նɱ˾ɷ
ˮȫʵԷɱֿǵҪҪı¶ԼʵһʱվڰУеԥҪô
ͻȻˮܵ궯Ϣ뾡ķйһûʵʱֻΣֻηηβΪȥȻʵ㶥⣬ȴѾǿ̤ʶʸ
ʵβ졢αίԼߵˣȻѾǿӲȭͷǾʹһƬɹԼĳء
ˣ֪ǻ᲻ģã㲻֪𣬲㲻õģǵģ˭㲻ء
˾ɷʱûЦ⣬˵Ȼ˸оš
Կʼ𣿡
ˮЦʵˮˣʹҪɱ˭ʱҲ̶֣Ϊϲ־Ͳʵ飬˵õܡ
ȻôǾͿʼɣ
˾ɷ˵Լĳ߳ĺɫ䵶εģɢһ˲Ϣ
Ȼ
ˮһֱתŵĹԸһаʩЩˣȻ൱޴ģļĺȻѾľ
˾ɷȻ˵˶֣ȴǲûжǾĿˮвмζ¶š
ˮǴӶԷпһ˿̬ˮЦЦȻʼ˾ɷ̤ȥ
ɽ
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ˮתʵȴǺţ˾ɷΪ޷ˮʵʱ˾ɷΧƮһƬķɫ
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ԬյٵĴΪûΪǱˮˡ
ܿʹһĻˮ֪ӦԼ
ˮֹöԲ飬ֶˮ׼˺ܶ࣬зɵεģмͷεģˮѧɱк࣬˺ж⣬ĶûУԸ˾ɷȴ㹻ˡ
ʵˮڰʵǵõһʵķԾٶȻоǰеǰ޷յĵ꣬ʵرĵӦ֡

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ˮҪľһ˲סԷʱöһһһ˲ޱȣǣһ˶ۡ
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һŴ˼һŴ̴˸
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˾ɷȴͻȻţôҲ벻ԼȻ޷㿪İȻҪȻǱشϵѪȥڿһ޵Ѫߡ
ˮվڲԶһ仰Ҳû˵ֻǾĿŴʱѾҪ˾ɷûʲôоһô
Щ˾ɷһˣʱˣ˾ɷʲôʵǿǱ˭ȴһ棬˫ûʵԵĽӴͲ౻ϵ
˾ó淭ת˾ܽˣһ˾ɷǿˣϸʹһöԻͬкܽڻûбѾش

˾ɷͻȻһ
ۣ
һѪȻͻȻܿĻһƬȻԽºڣܿͽ˾ɷȫ
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ֺƻĹڶ˾ɷĶֻҪ뵽ʮ׵ĿٶȼɣʶɣӦɣҪӦٶȣЩûֱʵӿ¡
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Էǧʵֱӽ˾ɷıѪƮɢڿС
ĽսʱֻһӶѡ
Ը˾ɷˣˮЩǿսûõϣΪͲã۽ֻǧʵϵãǧӡͻĹûõϡ
ˮ䵽ϣŮȻͷȻŶļЦЦԷǱˮЦĴ˸Ҫ֪ˮɱ練ơ
ߣȥɣûһȺû
ˮ˵һ䡣
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۳΢Цһ䣬ֻˮŮ
ˮһ߼ЩɢȥٵȥΧֱʱſʼըһ
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ߵ·ʱ̲סʵ
ĻԬȴɻĿˮͻȻ뵽Լҩܿҡҡͷ޽׵ų絤Ҳųˮʵĵҩʣ컯˵ˮôʱƳ컯ţΪвҩÿһֶǿġ
ˮƳ컯ǽˡ״̬޽׵ҲˮһٶʮʵԬҲ벻ġ
̶̵һʱ䣬ˮʵֱһɳ죬ǲͬն
ӦÿԺʮƽ
ˮ˵һģɵĴ𰸣˵ΪǶһġ
ʮƽ
Ů޷ŵĿˮ
ţҵʵûдﵽʮҿԴЩոʮߡ
ˮЦŲһ䡣
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˺ܿ͵˵ۼң
ͬһʱ䣬˾Ҳõ˾ɷǶ̨ﱻսϢһ˾ŭ𾪡
ɷˡ
һ߲ŵĺ
ĸˮġ
һηη˵
ϸ˵һ飬©κһ㣬ɱȫҡ
뷢޷Զ¡ռޡսʱֵ˾ߡ


661 ľˣ
Ų˿˵˳˵üͷ𣬷ŭֱһƽҧ۵ĿԶ
磡
ʱ˹
ߣȥ˵

ˮŮϵۼҵʱȴǿһˣһˮⲻ֪ôԵŮˡ
ľˣ
ˮôҲû뵽ˣϴһҲż죬ˮ˵·Ѿܳܳʱ䣬Ҫˮû뵽
ʱں͵ĸ죬ӺݹŮԶǽ㣬ľ˵ϸױȡ
ԴϴһˮһʱдĶ࣬ʵѾż࣬΢һܱԸоˮʵͻͽԼʶƺǿ˺ܶࡣ
ǧ˰ٿʵ
ˮܵľ˵ʵҲǾޱȣû뵽ϴεġȻʵôࡣ
ϸˮһɣŮӵһ˫ʱ˫õĺô࣬ξŮ˵⣬Ů˵Ϊ
ľ˸ˮĺôǾ޴ģͬԼõĸ࣬˫ޣͬʱҲˮ̾ľ˵ǿ󣬱׺ŮͼϵŮƺһҲѷɫ
ˮĶľɫе㲻ȻĿеܿˮŮ͵ߡ
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ԬҲǿĵĺͶľ˴кϾ֪ľ˵ǿؼʱôһǿ߹Ǻܸ˵ġ
ˣ
ˮʵҲǲƽ΢ЦŴк
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ŮкЦ뿪ˣˮͶľѣˮͶľǹϵģкľ˺Ȼľ䵽ˮϣοˮڵۼҸ㲻ˣ͵ۼСǷޣǽռޡҪսߣҵ˵ϡ
㻹ðɣ
ˮһ䣬ֻһ˵͸о֮ƺصǰǲˣ֮ƺڲһ컵Ϣ
Ϣߴ·ҲǶԵģͬİ·
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ˮĻľ˵ƺŲԵһ㶣ܿĻָܲиʲôõģô˽
ľ΢Ц˵ȴѾеˣԼ֪ΪʲôһߵʱˮӴûκιϵҲ
־ˮƺƽһε鲻ĴһرԺźܳһЩεҲԶľ뿪ˣֻȴǺѣ֪ô
ҲǸ˼鷳ˡ
ˮ֪ǰĻѾе㲻ˣæǸ˵
ǰ͵е۷ĹΡռޡ滮ģֻ˲μӣˮҺòã
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ӺݵŮˮ֪ԣˮҲսоܵӰ졣
ˣһΡռޡҶѾˣǰۼҪμӣīϷǿģȻҲҪμӣҲ֪ĹȺսеôһԵţҪøķ
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ˣҶ֪˵ˮ֮ӿȪ౨ҲģĴмľСңһеʱԵ֣û
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ǰԵⶫĺ֣ñɵ˷ܶ飬࣬ȴʱҲΡ
˵еįеȻ
ˮ޷Ůˣʵĺܼįģڶľҳһټļܲס
ôһĵ˶ûУһߵ飬ֻûкʵ˵ѡ
˻һĲԣҲ֪ô˵
ˮоûдǼ߳
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ľ˳Ĭһᣬ̧ͷˮҲ֪ҲЩȻҲᵥڣ˪ҵɾĻڶľҾڣǲҲͻ뿪ˣҲˣʵڵĶľҶѾķ֣ǲ֪ܲܳѾˡ
㽫¶ˣҰɣԺҲһҡ
ˮ˵ƽ
̴Ŀˮ֪ˮ仰ʲô˼ûдˮϿʲô壬ˮĻÿ졣
ǰ뵽˺ö࣬붼е٣ӵĿˮһۡ
ллһһῼǵġ
ľ˵е䡣
˿ĵ㣬㣬ŮиõҲøƯ˲òãһĽŮȻźûһģʱżȱʵҲһ
ˮЦſоϤӺݹŮˡ
ףõңһûôȹǰɡ
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ĿͶľ뿪ˮȴеңϾľ˺ҵǸŮ˲һʹǸŮˮ޷ȫһνףˮԼȻ᲻
ҡҡͷˮٶ룬ľ˵ģȹǰһأĻԺ˵ɣҲʱÿͻкð취
ʱˣүүҲˣһЩˣǧ𶨾Ҳˣǧࡢǧ׵û
ȻˮûиǣˮǺܸ˵ģԷϣڵۼҡҩڡľҡҡǧңҲǴﵽ˳ƽ
Ҫ£ΪԼĹϵˮ֪ǿĽѣǸΪԼȥ˺ܶĶģ˶ûд뿪
ˮжģҲԭģϾľĸŮܹˮ֮ǧ𶨾Ůˡ
֪ͼˣ·Ҳϧ


662 ʶ
ˮǰ˺һٴҪǼ˳ս⣬˶ˣϾǧ𶨾үүжľ˶ǿߡ
ҺǧܸΪǰԸϹֵģֻûиϣȴǸռޡ
ľӦûлصľǾϢ·ġ
ˮǼԼ뷨Ȼ˲սԷʮߣԼһʹҲãһ˼߾żģˮĵһʱ佫ɱ
ˮļ֣Ҳû˵ʲôˮЦǧ𶨾ģԷŵ
ˮǺҹɾԳԹˮڷУʱ͵۳ڷﲢġ
ҲǵһڵۼҶ컹һ죬ǡռޡˣˮţһֻŵ۳ĺܡ
һҲ𣿡
۳ߵˮǺԼôƺڡ׷һȷںˮϵĹϵ
ʲô˵Ҳûã翼ôܻʱɽˮһѵСƿһܺá
ˮЦɵ˵
ʵˮĲôģԼɱﵣ¶ԷʵһЩˮоҲӦֻСĻҪСĵġ
ʲôʱˣ˵˵
۳Ĵˮһ¡
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ˮЦǺǵ˵
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۳İˮһۣﻹǺܿĵġ
ǰԼǰ˾нǾнһҲŲȻڶԼҲһֺܴĽһľϵķſ˵Ҳһһֶδ֪İա
úãҲǺ˵ġ
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ˮҲˣҲһرܣű·Ըܵǹ⻬ԵļرˮĽΣԲ˶̲ͦţһɶ칤Ļȣˮ۾ζ
ʱˮȴǰʱ򡰲СġŵĽ棬ʱˮоϴоֲ֪ںδ
ʴǣһϵ𶯣ָоֻ᲻ԴΪû˵
Ҹоƽ㣬ܿģҲԺϣΪҸŮˣҲ֪ô
ˮ˵ţƽ˵š
ھͺҸҸûб׼һָܣһؤͻȻʳǾҸһ̾޼ͻȻΪƽʹеڱ˿࣬ҲҸҲʲôڸûУҺܿģҲҸ
۳ˮѽտˮؿ˵
֪ǰľʲôо𣿡
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ˮЦſסκε۳ȥڲ֪Ҳо۳仯ϵЦݶˣǶһŮӦеϲԹʱҲʱҲܿɰ
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ˮһɾ͸ое㲻һҲ֪ﲻһҲûзϣֻǺܿʹˡ
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Ϊˮʱܵʷɢǿҵ̲֮סˮֱһͨȥϣܵõһЩõϢ
ʶ壺࣬ɶɣóСع
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Ҳ֪ǲΪʵõ޴ˮоʷϵǰǿˣˮʶһЩ򵥵Ĺ
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
ʶΪ޵ߣԺΧԲʮڵзޣǿԼһ䣬ԺȺ
𼶱ĶޣóеޣɵĶޣˮû뵽ĽˮоöΧĶǿԶѣˮѶιʳʷˮҲģпǲûˣʷҲˡ
ֶһֻǿޣһһֱ޵ޣʱգʶųǧĶһСϾʶ𼶱Ķޡ
ռޡּһʤ㣬ˮоʶһѰĶ޿Աġ
̫ȭ
ˮʼɾд̫ȭڶʱڰѱںſԽʵӵ۷塣
ˮϢ⣬ҲһʱһθǼˡˮʨޡµġ塱ҩ⾧ֱӷȻʱ䶼̫ȭ
ʱ仺ˮɾзʳһһĽб뵽嵱УΪеһ֡


663 ռޣһ
һµʱ䣬һµʱ䣬ˮŽʣµǹգʵһ룬ʣһƽʱҲоֻҪ󵽺֮ʱ֪ԼеǲȫԼ塣
һֱɾʱˮŻ³һǿԽ󵽺֮䣬ʹð˫ʱڶԸ˾ɷǸģͲְʱҪĳˡ
һʱˮɾҿ۱ѾһȺˣˮܿģϾЩģϿԱ֤ϱޱȣˮеҲޱȣƵ޷ʱ͵ˮر϶ܡ
÷ϡЩѾˮ˺ܻܶ࣬ɾҲ±ʣҲ±رķ㡣
ɾɫѾˣˮɾϴúųģֱӵ泿һ죬һʱˡ
ռޣˮڵۼҶܸܵݴ½˶֪ռ޵Ĳпᡣ
ս˫֮һûпԳսΪֹսʤ߽ӵսߵһУǮŮԼеһС
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ˮȥһīϷˣȷ״̬۷壬ҲһζľˣָһЩҩһ˽̸Ǻ졣

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˾һʵҲĸϴ˾ᣬ˾塢˾ֿ˾ׯ
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Ȱռ޴ȥ˵黹ԺٿǰɣʱҲôȻ˾ǿ󣬵ǧȻŲСĲġ
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ЩǧɣʲôҲҪܣǧʧⳡռ޻ûκġ
˾΢Ц˵

һʱܿȥˣˮһٴ̫ȭռ޵ʱ͡
˫Լʱ䣬ԳٵϵȻΥԼǴġ
ˮȻڻȭҶڵأȻҪٵˡ
㿴ˮ󼱴ٵ˵
ʲôǵȻɣ컹磬ߴҰ˵ıõҩսģ˶Ҫľˡүӡүǵġ
ˮ۾΢΢µĶûͣ
۳΢ЦʲôҲû˵
㣬λס
ҲЦˣ뵽Լ߻ûôҪ˿ۼȥģαô
ýţҶԺõ㣬Ǳɹɹ̫
ˮ˵
ԭҲô
㽿Цŵ۳뿪
ǽ֣
Ƕ̨
ʱɽ˺ô˵һռǿеŽɾȻۼѾգձӦûһġ
ʱǶ̨Ľͨȫ˲еʲôþʱﵽһƬɡýǧҡ˾ҡҡټҡżҶȻС
֮⻹С̨ӣǿԿһЩȲˣһ˭֪ӣ಻֪ǿߡ
ˣۼôû
Ѿ˲ͷµ
˭ἱ
ʱۼ˲Ҫ׵ˣҶһˣΪ˿ռޡ
ǰƵ˵
Ӧûģû˻ѡϷˣôˣ͸ɴ൱ܡ

ʱ֣߳Ŷ̨ȥλߣλ֮ˣֱ̤Ƕ̨
ͷһλһڵ£뷢԰ףüͺӶһĳȣѩһƬ·ĳ¸ѩһƬ
ź͵ۼڴ˽һռޣлλ֤ź͵ۼҵ˽£ԭͲ˵ˣʱ䵽ˣۼǰ
˼򵥵˵ôҶ֪ռޡѾʼˣٵǵۼˣ˫֮ռԭ˽ԭ
˵ĻʵѾ˵ˣûں˭˭Ҳû˹Ϊʲôֻ뿴˫ս˭Ӯˡ
ʼˣϧۼҵûж
ǰ˵õۼϢںȾƣϯûɢء
˲˵
ܿΧ˼ʮˡ
ϯۼһ鿪ϯ
һ߸˲˵
˭֪أϯģһҲϢˣϯϵĶǵۼ˺Ǽǰġ
˽˵
ۼʲôѵǸоˣ֮ǰԶٺõġ
֣˵Щ˵
һæֹǰˡ
˵ۼ˻᲻ܵ
иСĺʵ
ܵЦŵʲôģõۼܵ
̾ǰСû
ʱ仺Ĺȥм˱ԹҲۼϧȻҲۼģϾ˶ӡ
Ҳ湻۸˵ģۼڲǰˣ̱ƵۼҴռޡ
һʿģߵһŮ˵
Ȼ籾ŲŹ֡
ŮЦ绨˵
˵ǵۼʤʤ
º͵ЦţŮ˵Ŀ
Ҹоۼ޷ʤ㶼˵ˣҾ˵ۼʤ
Ů˽Ц
㻹ôϧһֻܸоҲô򵥵Ҳܿ϶ۼʤ
˿ĵ˵
ǳٴүһ񣬼Ȼ鲻ô򵥣ǾֻǵۼʤҲǸƽְɡ
Ůգ˫ˮ޵˫˵
ʱԶһɧ
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664 ռޣ
ƺ궯󣬾վڶ̨ϵŵҲһ̨վʲôҲ˿һʱǺܱҲε顣
ʱۼˣվ̨ϵ޵ĸоҪ֪վ̨϶ôڣ˿̫ˣǲϵЩǿߵĿǺܲǱﱻ͵ޡ
ھ绹аʱۼˣֻǳٵµۼҵĳٵƺرΪƵһٵ·쾭顣
ۼǰֻжʮˣѾɢ½ϵǶ̨һ飬Ƿֳ˺ü
ľһۼүһһǧ𶨾һɫľ۵һЩǴĸڱö
ˮīϷˣе۳ԼۼҵĺԱҲǵүӴһ
ռ޲û֣Ϊû˭Ըսһһ׸𣬵ʤһҲ𣬱ȻҪصĴۣսԷԣ˴ռ޵ʱʵʲôҲ˵ˡ
ôоۼҵƺռ޵ģܿ˭ս𣿡
ɻ˵
ǰ㿴ǰߣӦǳսˣôֻˣһиˡ
иߴչ˵
ǾͲ֪˰ɣ˾һн˾ɷɱˣδռ޵
ռ޵
ʱһƬʱΧܶˣǰ˵ֱӱΧм䣬ʵ޷Ǿ˵ϸ㡣
ǰ˵һ׳꣬ʱͷϵĺˮεİ˵һͨмٵ˵һ飬Ҳ߰˰˵ȷ
⣬ôȻǴռ޵ˣۼһҪġ
̲ס̾
оǵۼҵĳһεۼҿۼҸðŮ޸ôҰ
ǰҵŮҲҪܼ޸
һü۵˵
Ů˰ɣ˼ҲҪۼС۾ݴ½Ҳûжܸǹǵɫ
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ҼŮ󣬿ҲŮÿ
ü۵յĺ
ҼѾͷȻҵŮ˵ҾͲ˵ˡ
㡭Ҹƴˡ
һҳһ㣬ܿƽϢΪʱҶռ޵ģǳֱӶһ˳ȥ
ţˮҪСġ
۳˵ĵ˵
īϷ˵ͷ߿һ
һµ۳ף΢Цġ
һ߱ŵһֻ첲
ˮŵ۳һֻ֣ҪģԼչ˺Լ
ʱһʱ䣬ˮ̤Ƕ̨ȥ
ǰɣ˴ռޣ
ˮһ̤գ̾˾
ۼθʲôѵѾϣˣǰĽ֮˰

Զվż֮ߣذѩ׵ĺѩ׵ĳ˿һ㡣
Ӯ֣оΣ
һ۳ǵЦ
Ǹ𣿡
ΪӮֵһߣͬǴ飬һ紺һĸо
ţ
˵ʵ֪Ͽƺѳɶ֣ۼƺûϣ̣о鲻ô򵥣򵥾Ϊ˵ԭ򡣡
΢Ц˵
⣬ҹӦҲˣΪǸҸоʵɢһǿĿӦøһȡ
һʼ˵ߵЦ
ܿͿʼˣĿԴɣ

ˮԼīϷ˴ʱѾͶԷվǶ̨ϣս鵽滹û˵ʱȷʵĵޱȡ
ǧӹǧʹֶΰҵۼұƵǶ̨ϲ֪û
ƽŶǸ°롢׷˵
ˮʱܵԷʵ㿪ģʮǱīϷ˲»Ҫ΢ǿһ㣬ô˵īϷҲǻָʮǿߡ
ʣµһż۷壬ʣ˼۷壡
ʵˮϵУϾʶۼûʮߣ֪ˮģ϶ˣ˵оҲû˻ſôı̬
ǻǲҪ˵Щˣ֮ĶԹǾ˽⣬ǿ˵棬ź͵ۼ˶ϡ
ǧӹƵ˵
վ̨ʱѾˣǷ
ȻѡռޣǽҵۼҾͺ˶ϣۼҴûбѹۼҲûк¹ʲôһЩ˵ͷ
ȴΧô˵ۼǿǵǲġ
ۼѵûˣǿţ
ǧӹ΢Ц˵ûзŭǰѻ⳶
Ҳˣ˵ʵ˶оеࡣ
ˮ΢ЦŽӹ
һﾪǧˣ仰Χ뵽ݵĳĬܿͱҵۡ
治֪ߵغվ˵仰ȴҸе⣬ܻ治ס
ǧӹһȴǺǺЦ
Ҳһ΢Ц֮սʱȴûѹֵգŵ˸Ǹоһ
ˮҲЦſŶԷƽûһǰ⼸ˮһ
ǾͿʼɣ
īϷ˵
򰡣
򰡣

ǿһ㣬شţѾµһʱˣںò׵ȵˣ˫ȴǾôš
ãǾͿʼ
˵ǧӹͷſȥҲǽ̤նһֱǧ׸߿ղͣ
ˮͬҲǻȥ
ˮǶ̨Ҳһ궯𼶱ֱ̤նУһľۿзݵĳŷݣǱһľ룬Ǹ߶ҲһЩ
פΪԭ򿴵ĲôУʵһֻ˵ߵſһʬ
ˮ˺ͶԷڰףʱ˫ǱԴǰɣϾ֮սҪѾԽˡ
ռѾǿʼˣճһ̿ʼ
ˮ͵īϷʹɫȻ󻺻ǰ̤һһ·ΧĿˡ
һʱˮɢҲɫɫ仯ΪˮѾǲò
˫ƣ
ź齻ߵǣдŹļµĹâһһѤ
ˮİѾǰǿ޿ɱ⣬ǰҲΪʵõµǱǰɱ˾ɷʱҲһʵķԾ
ƣ
Ȼǿ󣬸Ǵ綾ĺ飬ֻ˫ɱЩ˼۷߻ġ
οԷиöмңԮ֣û뵽źͻȻơ
ǱĶʱ̣ˮӰ͵ͻźٴδ
˫飡


665 ռޣ
ˮٴδǹİĿǱ˼ߣٶͻȻ۽һαǰϬ
˼۷߿ԽԽİʱֱӽסϵɫһҲǾ֮Ҫһɫ
Ѿ˵ֿ
ۣ
Ƶֱó澲ֹ˼˫ĿĴӿеȥ鷢һ˲䡣
أ
ʬѾ˵ϣ澪ȵΧԶ
ŵˣǶȶżҺ͹ټҵˡ
˾
Ҷҵ۾ǲǻˣϬĹû뵽Ͷõĳ̶ȣ˷˼
һ߸п˵
˼۷ߣðײˣһת۱ɱ
һ˵
һʱ䱾ڵۼҲõ˴˿̶۷Ųʣı仯޷Ӧʱļ޷
ǧڵ￴ˤĲӵʬ壬Ȼʬܿͱɾǵȴƽ
ǵΪվȻԽսˮİüͷ
˵ǻ᲻̣ᷭ
һ˳˼Ƭһģ˵
һڵ·ڵͷڵ˫׿ȴ˸ое䣬ģȴ˾ޱȵĲɣеȿɽһĸо
ܣ˵˭Ӯ
Ųޱȵ˵ֽһĸоƮĸо
ڸ㲻ˣҸоʵǺǿóʵƺֻ˼ȴǿ˲ɱ˼۷ߡ
ֻƾʵӦû޷ʤ
һ߻˵
ǺǣǾͿϷɣʱ仹档
ģ˵˴﷢䡣
Ǹޱȵȴ˵ܣɼϵʵѾˡ

ˮɱ˼۷ߺֱ˻ûнŽԷڴ͵С
̫ͻȻˣͻȻ޷ܡ
һϿҲ弶ҵȴ£ûнɱ˼۷ߣ˭𾪡
ǵīϷ˶ǲŵĿˮܿ㱻ϲȡ֮ҲеһεսҲΪˮı䡣
۳Զпˮ˲ɱ˵޷ǿߣ˿̶ˮҲ˺ܶࡣ
رǵ㣬뵽ԬյĻˣҲ˾ˮԶˮıӰһ̱ôΰ
Ͻܣǽ
ˮóԼͷߣȻʵת۷壬ʣµʮһżģˮʱģԷʮʵҲŸոճǧʵûж٣īϷ˲£΢һ㡣
ʵ̶ȣǧٿʵǧ߰ٿʵҲǲ£ֻҪİٿսδ֪
ǰţǷ嵤ǱһʱǣһסǸߡ
ˮǰ滺˵
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ǧӹҲǾĿˮʣµǸżߴʱȴڷ˼ıɱҲᵽǿҵΣϢΪһèӵϷͻȻԼ˺ӡ
ˮŶ΢΢һЦ˫۱ʮߡ
۽𾦣
ʱˮڷۣοԷ֮лöǿߣˮֱѶԷʵ͡
һ۽𾦹ȥڶԷһӣһֱǾ
֮
һֱʮʵڵǧٿ£Ǹżʵ硭
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ˮһͷбʮȥīϷ˼ˮͬʱļȥеĻƽ͵ػӳ
ֻе˲֪˸֪巢ʲôֻǷˮһͻȻ
ЩɫȴǴ䣬ǶһǿߣȻ֪ʲôȴǸܵ˫֮ʵ仯Ȼ²һҲܲ³еʵˣǿµ
ǿ칦
Ǽ׷еӮ˳ص˵
ǰ궼ûмôĹˣպһʶǿУҪΪĹرһгǿǰȥʵǺǿЩͷˡ
һԵҲü˵
ԸˣɵʹܳΪҲܳΪˣӲһ᰿ݡ
ǣ棡
Ӯһһֱû˵ʩȥ

ˮ˵ĶڶԷȵʱѾʵĲ໹ĵľѾɥʧ˴Ķ־
Ͻ
׷
ˮһϽԷ˺ˮû׷ϣӰһĹīϷڽսĺˡ
ΪˮǧӹѾгһ׳ʰ׳ȴ˴ϸǸ̴ֵһ
ţңǸ
ˮԷһīϷ϶Ըӵж޵ߡ
Сģ
īϷҲûԥ˵һӭѾɱǸߡ
ۣ
ֻª׳ʰˮٵ³һѤĶˮһһ㣬Χʮ׵ĸǣгһζ
ˮϽܵסϽˮоģͬʱϽܿǲαˡ
Ȼ
ˮٴνȻõ۷壬Ȼ嵤ЧڣʱҲûиеʣǸо뾡ĳԷ˼סԼɱ˵Чʡ

һ޴ĺХˮѸٵźȥϽһȫ·𶼱ˮŤˡ
ܻ
ڶԷʵԼʱŰٷְٻ˵Ч
ˮڵٶ£ǧӹֱܶӺˮݺݵײһֱӽײȥ
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ˮٶ£͵ĳǱѾײ˵ĺߣеıǽӳ
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ˮĿǰɱǿһУҲԺϽǿ󣬵Ŀǰͽ֮˻ܶࡣ
ǽһɫĲӰϢֻʰϣ
֨
һ̴ٵĽ߱һɢȥֻ޳õóֵĶ⣬廹ǿϧôǿҲֻ۷ʵ
ǧӹô˻ٴκˣɫѾŵ¡
βţ
ˮ˼糤޵һͻȻǧӹǰһŴϢ߾ŵɾľֹ
ģ
꣡
ǧӹǰֱӱˮһ߳һ޴Ѫ߳ȥֱӵȥ
˫۾ʹҲûбϡ


666 ռޣģ
´ƵʾʮѾǰޱȾȣֻˡ
ʱʣµǸʮߣڿǧӹһҲīϷ˵Ľ֮£Ѿڿ֧ˣһֱӱԴ
ˮǿ£ʮѾֻʣʮϺʶѾʶķӦˡ
ʣµǸżӦ˵˼ߣʮǶ־ȫޣץסѸٽԷ
սӿʼҲһյʱ䡣
ʮһż˼ȴգ˸оȥȴվڿС
ˮվڰУ̬ƽһжϵУϾոʮˮʵں˼߼սĽˡ
ֻһսȴīϷ˺͵ޱȣᵽˮǿ󣬲ٲ
ڳ˵ĸܣҪ֪ˮⳡսг䵱ǾԵһʱڴͺøУֱ˺ΪˮͣһǺˮ֣ˮû뵽ġ
ʵˮ֪ҲǺܶ˶֪ˣסһ˵Ǻ׵ģۼҵŮ⻷Ҳ൱ҫ۵ģ˶Ϊˮǵķ
ľԶˮȴеãԼǸ꣬Ӧûвĳɾͣȴû뵽١
Ĺ߻ż˹ɫľˣľ˴Ŀˮһʱ䷢Լɬһ̾Ȼ
˼һĶľ˽Щ뷨ܵԺ󣬿ˮɳҲܸˣԷˣԺԼҲٵģҲǰˡ
뵽һβսľһ˵ĸо
Լ֤ûԼҲܶȹǰΣԼֻ֤Ҫڣ˼ҲɱʮĴ𡭡
ľ˿ˮĿɡ
㣬ĺǿ󡣡
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ȫʱ뵽˶ݵĳĬܿһǿǰĸǡ
Ц̫ЦˣǰǶ̨ŵǧӹ˵Ļǻǵ𣿡˹Ц
ǿۼֻ˳˵Ǿ𣬡ۼѵûˣǿš˽˵
ȻҲǣۼҲûˣۼҾǿ˶ѣôһᱻ˴ݿĸɵЦ̫Цˡ
Ǿ仰ҲͦЦǧӹڻŲ֪ʲô飬˵治֪ߵغվ˵仰ȴҸе⣬ܻ治ס仰
ʱż˵ɫֿʼĲмϷʣľ˿ù񫣬첻
һǿ׳ϺЦ
㿴˶ôȣǰ˭֪Ľǳɴ֮ˡ
ǰһһԾŶ˼˵Ǽ˲ˣû뵽ġ

һʱޱȣԶʤߵģˮˣˣڲ֪ж˵ˮĿ֪Բûӡ
ô򣿡
иǸºڷ˵
ǧǣ˾Ұȥ
ƽ˵
ǣ
һ˾Һ͹ټΨһʮȥˣǲе㡭
һԵһü˵
ܣ˸ãЩǼΪеʱˣҲԽԽˣΪǧұǾǿһ㣿컯ɣãرǸգǰ;˲ȻһΪǧĵˡ
ƽ˵һûκһ鲨
ǧǱϾǧҵĺˣѵ
ΪսһСĲһЩΪ𣬺οǧǧٿʵҲǧһʵǧӹҪ߳ǧʵҪһ㣬ҲҲ˵ء
ǰ˺ܵ˵
ܿŸ߿ȥͷһ·ߣߵ˫磬͸һײеζ
ڵ·ŵŷһǵڵۼҸˮ͵۳ׯ԰мߣվǸǧߵ˾ˣҲ˾Ұ
ʣµǸյ߿ƺģһɾĴ磬һ֮ˣӡ
ˮһ¶ԷǸʵЦˣֻҪĶԷĶǧٿʵˮûиовȻˮȫ״̬ҲǧһЩʵ
ˣС㡣
˾Ұˮü˵
ԹǲĵһõӦġ
ˮ΢Цſ˾ҰЦ
ҲֻʵʵһУֻҪҽʵܽɱǲĻܵӦҲں
˾Ұҡҡͷ
ʱǸһī·óı
ħ
ˮȻһսףҲڵսףһֱϳӤֱ۴ϸȴ׳ߡ
ߣ
ˮߺüͷΪˮڡмߣϱȽ϶Ķ
ó̾ٶȣ˲ļϸȻСȴǾ綾ĸʴ֮϶Լǿ綾Һ壬ٶͬ𻨣һóٶȵľ綾ΣնޣʵȻֻǿʾ磬ȴǿǿߵϴﵽ绢Ч
û꣬ǧٴοһ£һֻѪɫСǳߣСֻһףȴѪɫһëƤΨһ˫ɭɭ۾ԵôĹֲôСȴɢǿΣϢ
Ļǣ
һڡпĶޣСȴ۷ʵͬóٶȺͻ𶾹
Ļ𹥻ĻҲ̻Ͷ𣬻ǿҵĸʴãֻҪʵ㹻˵ԸʴһУһ߳Ļǣƾ۷ʵѰһҲĻǡ
ԸٶߣĻһֲĴڣݴ½඾ƾٶȺ;綾ڲ֮أھݴ½ٶһ̶ϱҪٶҲġ
ǧǵĶ޶óʴ
ˮһöݹӣ֮ǰҲѸһЩһЩīϷ˺͵ȻҲУȻڲٶȣȴǿٶһӵʱ䡣


667 ռޣ壩
˾ҰļһֻȭͷСɫСѪɫСۺѪɫСԼѪɫСצӣ˳˸һֻ
ѪӰ
ˮСĵ࣬һеĶޣͬҲóٶȵĶޣǰĶ߲һͻȻϮٶȿףҪ𵽾޴Ľսá
ѪӰȻҲ˵ϣȴھϱҪռƵĶ࣬ѪӰ֣צӿ˺һЩ¸ѪӰΪСٶȿ칥ʱ˺Ŀļǵڣצӡͻ۾ɢ綾
ˮٿΧʣµǸϲûзжޣǰЩʵѾܼˡ
ˮԷŵ˵ǰһȥսǸߡ
ͷ
ţһԸǸߣҪסͺãһҰʣµǸƽһ֣оͰҸļ絤Եһٶһӡ
ˮ˵Ŀû뿪ǰ
ţҾΪ
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ˮóһ콵Ѹٴ
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ڳֿȭԱԼǿĶʱܸԷشĻ𣬻ԭʼҲĻ档
ȻˮڵĻ𻹲㹻ǿ󣬵𼶱ĻǿԵģοǷնࡣ

̲סʳйǳ棬һˮѸٵٴδȥػɰŶԷһˮҲá΢ƿƵСץסͶȥ
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ץûˮͻǴ䡰СɽһʳйǳǰֻͶ쳣ֲĴ󣬳ĴԴͲÿſˮͶȥһվͻУ̶Ǻܵ͵ģοֻһֻӣȻʵͱŴ֪ٱƺûжߣһܵ޴˺ֻᷢŭĹŴͺС
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675 ʥ񶾾
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ˮоԼˣֻҪĵߣ˹ϵˮѷſ࣬ʹǰ£ˮǽ
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ڶľˣˮѾͬƶµ˶е㲻֪룬ΪԼȶľ˵СǺŮ䲻¡
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ʱһٵǰ꺮ůƺô޼䣬սʱһʱû˭ǰ¶档
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ŴʱԴ߶೤൱׳Ļ棬̺ǿ̬ˮϲޱȡ
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ˮŻĽŨѹƣ߳Ļ潥Ũһߣһˮоǿĺô
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ܵ˵ʵԽǿ󣬷õҩʱӵʵҲԽ࣬ǸҲǺΪûƣ˺޵ҲܲסʵһﵽĿ̶һ̶ϴﵽͣһĵҩѾ޷һЩĵҩܵƣȻ޷ͻȻʵֻһЩʥƷġĵرҲܴﵽʵͻȻЧֵҩػı̥ǵá
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677 Բġնˮ
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վˮǿһֻҳɳռ仹Ǻ㣬һǿҪԼɵõÿʵӵɣĺôӴǿˮ˵
Ѿܾûʵˣ۷弶𣬲޾۷Ҳ𼶱ҪرˮĻڴ½޺𽡣
ɾõģˮֹڴˣһͻҲһɳ죬ǰεľӦòվɡ
Ȼǻδ꣬ʵѾǿһһͻͽĽţڴﵽǰĹ̡
ȻڵʷʷȺټֻ̬Ľʵһʱˮоı
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ͶԷʵǽͶԷٶһУ콵߾绹ǺǿģоǿԺͽƼ׷һʹãҲһص㡣
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мһξƣÿҲһЩ񵤣ԬոҩͨҩҲûˣֻʱ
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ʱ仺ʧˮȴǲ֪ƣ룬ͻȻСȴһɫĹ㣬λǡ
ŰʱȡҲһɫĵ㣬ˮȻ֪ĴԼĲ
ʱʱ䣬ˮÿ϶߸㣬Щѳһ߷ֲ˫ϡ
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նˮﵽԲ磬ͽ֮ջһʱԶӱһٶȣűٶߣնˮҲߣҪǺͽ֮ջһġ
̬ǿıսԶĸӣֻеʧʱ⹦ŻֹͣУһٶˮо嶼˺ܶ࣬о

ˮ̲סһʾʱǿϲãٶǱӿɹ󣬶һˮģõӣ˭ἵʵ裬ˮ͵ֵĸо
иˮ̬ıսƻֲľ̤ϧûдﵽԲľ̤޷ڿʹá
ҲսˮóĽۣˮֻдﵽԲ磬ʮı̤ڿʹãʶпЩվսͼƬ
̤ڿֱ̤ͨŶԷͣڵͨشֻͣڿҪĸߣɾľ̤ڿ޷ʹãˮȴǿԡ
ˮƲ⣬Сɾľֻ̤½ʹãɵľ粻½ػˮϣʶеľ̤ǿڿʳõģˮ²ӦҪ̤ﵽԲ硣
𾳽Ժս϶ڿУˮھ̤Ѿܾûʹùˣþ̤ҲǴ۷徳磬ԲҲһ֮
λҲǿˣֻҪ̤ԲͿѧһΣθˮ޿ɱģˮڴļΣԭӦǸǿļΡ
ͷǴ˵еĶھݴ½ҲǴ˵еĴڣǴ˫ƣ۵ĽзƵýлˣھݴ½ǿԾ׺µֻһ֡
ˮоݹеһӦǴ˵еĴ棬ҲһĴڡ
ζѾǿˣļθǿ󣬻оҪʱһҲΣˮŬ
ҪѾ̤Բ磬Ȼܲ뵽Ρ׶ΣȻӦһĽ׶ΣҪܶһʱ
ʱˮϴһͳɾǶ¸߹ңȻȴǺ
ܿ賿ˣΧֻгⰲҹرˮסȥ
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к۳ķŽıţˮܸܵʱ۳ĺˣҲǱԼŵѵġ


678 £ĵ۳
Ƭ̵۳ķˣһ˯µĵ۳˳һÿˮֱӴסˡ
޷ݣ۳һֱױȵģѩļڵԶôĳףֱͦô޳£͵˸̾޳ѩ׵ķ۾ɢ˵ĸ߹Ϣ
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ˮ΢Цſŵ۳ŮѾԼ׵˹쳾С

۳
ˮ΢Цſŵ۳ǺǾȥ޿£ѡǸ
ˮŴʱߵŮӣһ˵ĸо·ڷһָоһ嶼һ־޴㡣
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ˮЦĴ۳Ц
ˣˮˡ
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ʱˮȴǿٵһգ촽˵۳̴ڣϸ壬㻬ĸоˮһʱ䲻֪ںδ
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ؼʱˮعˮͷ쵽˵۳ĿУӴǻĶСʱˮƮ֮䡣
̰˱ŵ۳еҺͷѩױ֮ȻǲסǷ۵࣬·Ҫȥ
ȥûУԼﻹǿԵġ
۳彩ӲȻָʱǱˮӵأԼͷȴˮ
֪ʱʲôоֻоĺÿ졢ÿ죬ƺҪһ㣬ּ֪һƿˮ
˷ֿʱһͷӨ˿˴䣬һ߶೤ȻϵĽһ𡭡
۳ߵý廹ˮţʱ֮ǸӨ˿ȴɢһ޵ݵĸо
۳΢΢ͷ˿߶Ͽͷҿˮˮȴǿŵ۳ڻζǰٵĸо
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оһǿЩΪŵˮǰЬ䣬Լں٩ҲֻעԼһȴǷһǰʧȥǰš
о۳һ㶼ΪʲôԽǰãеһŮӣΪʲôԼʱǰΪжԣڵݣйԼϲĿ⡣
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Ԭճ˵
ˮҲΣ⻹ǲҪǸֻ·һͳŮ˵ǺһҪĶ
Ҹ˵ɣһͺü˹ϵܺã˵ֵܲ࣬ͻȻǿˣͽȦȫıˣȻǼֵǰദǰһȾƣһЩһӣѾˣǽӴˣʶҲˣӴ˸ǱˣвһЩˣò뿪Щѣʹ뿪ʱЩ˲Ĳ͹ʲôģȴ˼岻ܹ֪ǸҲΪǿǣÿڵõһЩʱ򶼻ʧȥһЩʱǺҪȴǻҪ
ˮ˵ţԬվ;ţίķʽԼԼһ̱ǰ˲١
֪ȻҾͲˣҲⲻ˵ģлл㣡
Ԭƺ˺ܶࡣ
ڵʲôһ˵飿һ㽫ķ˵Щԭ򡣡
ˮҪ֪ŵԭ
㲻ôĵˣ飬һŮ˽
ԬεЦЦ˵
ڻҪǿʼ
ˮЦſԬգЦݱͣҲһĽš
ţ㱳ȥҺáת
Ԭյͷ˵
ã
ˮ˵תһϤϤ˵ʵˮͷĳ嶯ô˵ԬҲһŮԶľŮӣһûΪŮȴһͨŮɢǿرˡ
ˣ
һһС
ҪˮãˮתȴסˣΪԬڴϣϸһű̺
ֻ¶޳ѩ׷۾һĽգ¶űֱѩСȡµ㣬ɢĹ
ˮ߹ȥ¡һɵŮ㴫ˮӣܺš
ƵڼҵֻӴ壬ҪȫѪǿȣЩطҪ׼
ˮ˵
ԬˮĻ֣ȻǰˣӴһЩҲԵͷһŽոӺˡ
ˮĽԬϵı̺ȥ˲Ԭһ˿ҵǰ޳ȴƬ̡
Ԭˮȥ̺˲ı۾ӨϸļɢһĨķۺɫ֮
ѵ·ˮŷԬյĺܺÿԲǰΣҲûбΣͦš
ƽ̹Сϸ
ˮƽһ飬һȻ˫֣Ȼ󻺻ı˰һӣɢһϢ
ȻԬյļ򣬽ӴǻļʱˮһѾӵ˺ü˼ɫһİľɫŮʱַӦҲ
ʥ֮£ˮ˫ԬĴţ΢ķͦҲ΢ĲεеΣǶ˵һȻͦ
ˮĴַֽ֣ԬӦ֣ԬȴĽ۾յøˡ
˳żһֱĴ£Ԭյı΢ĺѩҲȾһ㵭ķΡ
һֱС˫ȣСȣȻϣһֱλãˮһֵֻﻺĥ
ԬоԼûһ·ɢ˼һĸоǰںһ붯ˮ˫ԶҪͣ
ˮѸٵĳ룬ĿڣԬյǰȻһ룬ĺȻ
Ԭյĵ;£ˮҪľǽĴͨͨ

ˮһĺȻʼڵĸѨ㣬ǲͣһЩϹͺȻ
ϹͺȻֿκʱκ˶ʹãȻʹˮ֣ϹˮҲˣô˵Ҳ칦ҲΪ֡
λþԬյελҲ磬ˮɱľܿȻǿŲȥȻ᲻СĵĿÿοֳ嶯ܵĳ嶯
֪ʲô۳ʲô¶ǸǿĺΣʲô鶼ɹܶԲ
ˮУ۳һŮˣرʺӣ뵽۳ˮĻƽ
ڿٵתţһʱˮڵﴦһ룬ʱĶСġ
ܿȾһ㵭Ļɫˮĸһ£һκɫҺηȥ
һһΡ
һֱ˰ʱʱ䣬ˮٴڵλòһ롣
˫ﳯ
ˮ뷨еһʽ뷨ÿõϡ
һֱڵʱŰԬյĵκáĵҲǻָˣҪͨ˵ǰĵҪ򵥺ܶ࣬Ͼ󺣣ǽ֮
׼ʮܿԬ˵ϣˮ˫һֱɵĻһͣЩḧᵯ
һεκɫҺαˮڵ˲û֮ٻɢڿУһʮŸĽ롣
ˮľĵĺܿ죬ʱͼǿһ̲ͣĲоǿȫкԽС
ѩϸϲһϸܵĺ飬ʱԬѾ۾ˮȴǱ۾
һжǿˮʶҲǿˮ۾ʹͨǼܵ顣
ˮ꣬˵ϲȴźøУΪŹͬİãϲҩ˿õϡ
棬Ӻܺÿ
Ԭպҵţܿȥͷһֱ쳱δ˵Ҳ֪ʹķӦ
ˮеĽγȻʼ룬ÿͰγһʮŸȫҲһʱ䡣
ˮγһʱԬյһһĹ£ˮˡ
еİ壡


683 ºǰٴ
ˮڡŮ֮пƵŮ˽ܣźŮͼеŮӹһˮ²ԬŮѵҲǺŮͼеŮһ
ˮоʮŮͼȫݴ½Ůž²ҲŮͼ˵ʮʵŮˡ
ӵһǣŮ֮н˵ӵаŮ˲òϻۣųǿҩʷмصһЩгɾ͵Ůˡкüӵа塣
Ԭղ֮ˣҲõȹһ£֪жѸٵҵ·ϣٴαú˵ģɷˡ
ҿ𣿡
ԬջָһɫȴǺǰԶ̬Ȼͬʱ˵ҿˮ
ҪѾͨҲˣѾһһЩϸСһľͨĻʹǸͨһֱţҩĵԭǺܶࡣ
ˮͨ˵÷ָЩҩ˳ǽЩõϵĵҩ͹Ҳһݡ
ЩˮǱʶġ
ЩѾ˲٣϶ûΪʺϵģٺõĵҩͨ˶˷ѣʵݣӿԺܺõĴǿ廹΢ıʵЧ
Ԭƺ˵ʲôʲôҲû˵Ȼڿˣȴûǰϲá
ǰֲ֪Եĸо￴ˮպá
оôˮʵԬյˮҲЩӾͺˣҲпܻ˫ױİ
лл㣡Ԭ˵
֪ˮҲԼԸģûǿҲε飬ûйϵллҪ˵ġ
ѣҪ˵ллϣǰҪиȻʹ޴ĸҲǿߵزˮοԬ˵
ţ֪⼸ͺˡԬǿЦ˵Ŀ⿴ˮ·Ҫˮ
ߵʱԬոˮЩҩ͹뿪ˡ
Ԭ뿪ģԬǻҩͬʱԬ弸ֵܺԬһ뿪ģ۳ˮֻǰ
κˣ۳˵
κˡˮûб仯ĵ۳˵

ʱһȥˣˮʱͦеģÿ춼ǽ̵ɴȭСѾͷĽٶͦģϵӲԼʹɸˮʵҲڷɿţҲˮͽ˷ʽ
쳤ٴҲľһǺüˮǾӨĴɫֱɾвһǲѿ
ǧľľģˮа߳Ӥֱ۴ֵǧľһǧľÿֻܲɼһǰܲһΡ
ˮ֪ǧľǲǡѩǼһ֦ʪϾѿ֣ˮҲֻǳһ¡
ʱѾ棬ˮǸ˵ĶѾ˵ˣԱָһڣʱ䲻Ҳ㹻ˣʦڸˡ
ܲзΪҪԼˣЩҲˮĿǷΧ
ˮȥѰҡβɺѪֻҪҵ޼䣬ǸʱˮȻͷѳϵǰհ򶫹ֻصǱʡ
նˮﵽԲˮʵľٶҲ˲СƣվĳɳֻҪվǿˮͿԽվġ˲͡һԼʵ
ģ
Ķˮÿ춼ԼǸսٶӾѾ˼ʷˡ
ⶫھԿԳƵǡαģȽĵǱܱھ
۳ǳ׽ˣˮҲصһ˵ԼѳϡүүһҶ衭
ȻǼϵĵأˮȴжеһжˮԸȥģûǿˮ
۳߳ˮֱͦӰһòԾɣһоộһ˲оԭҲԲһ
ˮĵ۳һЦôĳȻ·𲻵һ˿Ϣ
ʱһ¹ȥˣ
Уûзʲô飬һжƽȻĹȥˮһ˼ϡ
Ϲǿǰƽ죬ĶнҩϣԬ˲ٵҩݣˮеϸСͨˣҲԬ˲ͨ
мˮһԬգΪҩϵ飬ǲǰʱһµʱԷȻһͨ˴ﵽ˧磬ٶȿզࡣ
ԬոˮǼеҩоĹͬһڼĹʱҲ֪ôѪһ£ȻһԬҿϲޱȡ
ˮһκ͵ĵǲ֪ôشĻ󣬾һֱûеദƺǼ£Ѿٵ٩ˮˣĻָǰִƮϢ
ˮȥأ
۳͵ۼ˺ˮָ
ˮҪȥѰβɺѪԲ֪Ҫʱ䣬͵۳Լ꣬ô
뿪ۼҵˮȥһγٴ壬Ͼϴ˼Ժˮûȥٴ壬ô˵ʱ˼ҲǳԼȥģ˵ˮҲȥٴ￴ǲβɺ
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ˮȥٴҲ˺ٵʱ䣬ϾٴҲǿҾۼҲһ·ҡ
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ٴڳɽϣɽܴһͷٴ巽ԲʮֲĸɽˮԶԶȥһ۾ͿԿ澰ĸɽȻĸڣġˡ
ľٻʢ֦ͣҶïʵ죬Ҷƣѩ̹ǣˮٽɽʱʶĸܵļе֡Ϣһɾжһƽζˮ˳ɽʱˮӮ˺⼸ѾվɽͨɽϵΨһ·ڣȻҪȥͲˣǿû˸ҷϳٴġ
ˮˡ
˿ĵĴк
үˣ
ˮվҲͦĵģԷϣȻԶԷʵˡ
ˮӮ˺⼸ѵʯȥٴڳɽϵġ
ˮΧĻͿŨߵãһĵطһ൱ľ񵤹Ч
ٴֻռ˳ɽΧб־Եɽ壬ΪɽӺγɽϵͬڵɽϵɽҲļɽɽҲ͵ޡޡ޵ȣΣޱȡ
Щ·ˮӮ˿е֪
үӣ֪ⳤɽûβɺĴڣ
ˮʵҪ볤ɽҲҪλ˴кġ


684 
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ţںҪβɺѪҺˮӮ˼˱߱˵
ţϴ˵ˣⳤɽ֣޺ܶ࣬ϸŴﶬļԭʺϸ棬ֻһ㣬ɽرΣգҲǳٴĽɣٴûдﵽ۷岻̤룬ʹﵽ۷Ҳ̤ǧ֮⡣Ӯ˵رĳء
Сȥ֪үܲ׼ˮ˼һỹǾȥ
ˮõˣҲ˵ͷʵʣ˱߹ЩӦ֪Һܿ㣬ҼҲǱˣǲԸ⿴ðաӮ̾˵
лүӹģСˣȥ̫ŻǿԱġˮ΢Ц˵
ãˣӮǺЦ
ʱѾ˳ɽɽˮҲ˳ٴ壬ٴǸڵɽͷ϶ž޴ľסլЩ£Ǿ޴Ĳñڷ絲꣬Ǹٴṩ˲ٵĹӺʳ
ñ̫ߣҲûʲô£Ͼ˵£ȴ̫ߴ׵缴ʹñҲ䲻ʧˡ
˺ܶ࣬Ȼ˺ҲǺܶ࣬˶Ǻܳ١ɽһļǴɽ塣
ûΪ˻Ϊ͵˶סڴɽϣɽסĶǺӺһЩûʲôΪˡ
ļɽ塱٣ɽ塱ʵҲģϲ˻ģϾѩǺˣΪߵĺûκӰ죬Էѡסġڵɽ塣
ˮôӮЦǺǵ˵
ãܺãĿǰõĵط˵Դ˼ɾҲΪˮЦ˵ҲǺ档
߽ɽһլԺУų̂ͤ¥ûЩݻװΣһпʵȻȴرĺÿ
СӶľƵģһֵľºţŮסĸǿһ飬ˮоеǰϷһЩסӡ
լԺҲǷǰԺӣǰãסӣǰԺз
Ժˣ١
磡
ף
үү
үү

Щ٣ǹӮ˴күүļֻĹ⾰Са׺Ȼ
Ӯ˿ĵıеСǻСȻãǵԽԽȥˡ
εЦЦȻӮ˽һˮʵ֪ģԿĵĺˮк
ٴʿܶ࣬˵ϰ䣬˵ĵطҪһЩ֣Ҳֲ
Ӯһ壬˵һᵽٴָӮңӮӮҵļֵʮ߸ͬĸ֡
ˮӮˣֻԺӮ˵סլԱ߻Ӯ˵ġ
˵˵ЦЦ߽ǰԺԱȽϸߵķӣһȥˮȻͬ߿ȻȴݻЩסڿǵĸ߼סլһҲѷɫ
ˮһ㣬ָܿȻҲﵽ־
ϯѾںˣز˶ǳٴزζˣһ۾ʳ󿪡
ˮӮһȻ磬Ҳ㲻ӮָһˮҪһЩ˵
ҽӮңʶ㣬ܿĺܿġ꿴Ƚأ˵УøС
֣ѲôˮЦŴ
ˮ֪Ӯ˶˵ˣƼӣϾԼ⣬˵ʵǲģϵάȥҪ˶ӽ
һٷĹ⾰ˮӮ˵ıҪ˸࣬ʶʵҲѡģöҪסʵǴҴҶܰԼһ̵˲ࡣ
ˮǱӮҴˮڳٴסǾլԺײһ΢ߵĶСԺ
ﲼһݻǸˮסһһסլϾǰԷĵطôݻ
һֱⳤٴ𣿡ˮһ䡣
󲿷ʱڳٴһҲܳȥΣȥʱҲµʱ䡣Ӯ΢Ц˵
ܰȵĴһطԼļˣһôһɽˮ˼ɾĵطٺòˡˮиж
ʮһֱշתأζׯǣ콣ڡ˿ǡϳǡ칬ݳǣмȥĵط绨ɽڸǵݣѾվһ붼пѡ
ÿ˵ľһεĲһҸоʵе㷦ζֻүүҶƻ߲ӮεЦ
ܿͻ֪ĺôӮүǸдǻ۵ˣһĵˮ˵һ䡣
Ҳ֪ĺܶ࣬ǻϵ飬ҺĽľֻ֪һࡣӮ˵
ˮЦЦûж˵ʲôҲܶ˶Լֻ˭֪ԼԵĿֻ࣬Ƕʱܵķˡĥûмܼ
ˮһӮҵʵ۷壬Ӧʮ£жһ㣬ʵѾ൱ˣȻӮҲˮƼ
ûжʱ䣬ӮҾˣղ˵ˣѾ̫ǿˮԶõģȻˣͻϵĶԴѣǶԷѡ
죬ˮڳٴ죬Ӯ˺ļֵԼӮҴˮľۿǸ˵೤ɽ֪ʶ
ˮӮҪȥɽܾӮͬĺ⣬ԷҲûִ֣ϾҪһȥƺڼһ
ˮѡǡ塱Ϊβɺϲڼ֮أҲˮѡߡ塱ԭǰˮǰٴ壬Ҳֻ㿴û뵽Ȼ澰ɽһҲɽϵɽҲյء
ڰ֮ҵβɺѪˮͲʵˮоû˿ţǸоǰΣڶͦȥٱǰҪɺܶࡣ
źɽˮȥʮǰѾѩһƬһͷĻѩԿǲǰµġ
طïܵͺֲѩǣ·һѩһȻǺ̹ǣƺȱٿҰ޻֮ࡣ
ˮѾ˰ﻹûһֻޣӮ˵Σޱȣ۷ҲܳǧķΧȻСʱпܶ
ٶ
ٶˮʱ䣬Ҫ֪ÿһǶҪΧĻȷȫǰӮ˵ĻˮŲɡ
ˮڹ۲Χʱпһӿĳ档
һֻڵϵİԣ


685 ڶʳѩʥ
ҲаԻԣһ֣һϳ˵֮һ˵ǺаѪ
޴а֮ڱѩҲôĿˮһȴǱһٶȻǿޡ
ҪˮԾ޴ͷ­ѾһԺСĽǣ𾪵ĵط
˵ԳǺͬߣʺͳɳԶԶǳͬģпܽɴ˵еĴڡ
ˮƣ˵ﷶΧ͵ĳһֻԽʵޣԿ϶ԵʵѾ򿤡
Ѿ۷弶𣬵Ӧò۷ޣʱֻ͵һһСɽһ޴ͷ­Ķˮڱ֮һ׳ı

һţȻˮûмʷԼǰһЩһЩǺƵģرׯ𺳣ַĵĵӺͼ
˵Գֵĵطбһ㶼ػǸģػıһ㶼ǹӡҩݵȿֱӷõĵرǶõģһ㶼ϼꡢʮ꣬ҲеĲϧʮϰꡣ
ˮȻʵԶԶĲˮ£ϴŵǾģ򲻵ѵ¿ֱʹþС
˵ˮٶȻرģڶಽںϺĶѸ硣
ĿѰϣԿôǿػĶʲôԼֵֵðһΡڶʳ

ٴˮһȴǲû뿪µλãˮԽǾ޴¾źö
վڲԶˮԥҪҪԣڵ龰ƺǲ뿪ط
ãȻҾ͵ˣԣƴһѣ·ٻˮš
ӮԣƵ뿪ԭˮоźܶ취ģܴܲЧ֪
̤
ˮҡҡͷȲ˵µʲôοԼڵʩչֻǧ
콵
ˮó콵žһ£˲˰ϡ
콵ˮһЩͨͶԷʵжϳԷʵǶ١
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ˮȻҲµǳԽ򿤵ʵڻеԾٷ֮ʮ
Եʵһǧ
ǰˮʵҲǴһҵǸո򿤻߲򿤵ĻԼڵԴҲܸڼǲˡ
ʵ̫⡣
ȰʵͣʱҲһЩ
ˮִһΣԼֻᱦ

Եһ޴ԴŶˮǾ޴¶һֲмʮʵٻ治
ˮгվ
ӵн˲Ľվ˵ǱȽϰȫģȻԷʵһǧʱ˵ˮѾ׼ˡ
շħ
վֱŰʹڶԸʵǿһöԷսֱһɵĵǰʵ
һǧٿʵһðԵӲһֱܵĿ־壬ǰΪԼʵǿмһˡ
۽𾦣
һǧʵļͣ

һĺУ޴ҲŤţһ㲨һѸٵԭš
ʹȻû뿪ԭأˮ²¾źöԥˮֱӰĻ֮ʹ
ֱǧİٿʵ
һ³׵ļŭ˰ԣһǧʵֱӱֻʣǧٿʵżʹˮǺͶԷʵ
ԼûпܣˮޣܴܲЧ˵վˣһ¹Ҳܲס
ʵ
ˮܻɣϾԵ̫ġ̻ܹ̻ס෢һ飬Ǿ޴ֱӻһغ

һֱͦȻ׳һĺɨһըһ
һƬɫĲӰˮһյĸо
ɵĺ󳷣ͬʱ˽վ󣬺󳷵Ĺˮ׼õȥ
ǻף
ʱˮҲٲ˽ֱӰһʱսϡ
ԣ
ٶ̫죬޵ı幥ٶȿ
ˮʹϽܵסԵĹ
ʹһķȻײˣȷʵԵĸо»ָϾ˵Ĳ̫ء
ͼ
ˮĸܵʱǴ˲ٵͼڿٵתţϵ޸ƣǿԻԼʵˮô죬ͼǷֲġ
ˮֱӱɨɣɨ˲Ҳ˰µĶһ߸ߵСɫģտɫȭͷСĹӡ
ѩʥ
ˮӿ죬ڡ½ż¼ˮÿӵĽܣһ۾ϳǱѩʥ
ػѩʥǾͲˣðػĶˮ²Բ񿴵ǱѩʥһоȻˡ
ѩʥڼ֮أؼĺۼϴ֮ټһźʵӣֻЩпѩʥſȻɹ죬ÿѩʥӳҪһǧһꡣ
׸˭ǹӣԻûг죬ӴСɫмأӦôŻҪʱܳ졣
Ǳѩʥһ󼤶мصıѩʥЧرˣѩʥʳһļǰһ磬ʧٿʵֻ۷ʹãûֱ۷ԲΪֹ
뵽ǹЧˮ̲סðһ¡ⶫʵǿĶŰܶ߹ǿҲҳһˡ
ⶫĺÿٿıʵÿһ磬һʱǿüģҲִССľҲʵ
⹦Ч죡
ˮɨɺİԲû׷ˮԶѩʥм䣬һ޴״мǱѩʥ
ˮվǰһ½ˮĵ𶯣ѪҺǿٵĸԭԵٶ̫ˣ߹˲䣬ٶ޷ݣԵ巶ΧڵĹٶȾĲ˼飬ҲˮȻ޷ܣҺ˽վ󣬲Ȼһýվϵȥ
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֪ʲôʱˮͷˮеľԪƺرֻ裬ˮԿƺԼеľԪ顣
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⾫ԪҲһеõģǸûһʵˣǰˮýվ˳ˮҲһʵˮѻˡ
ԽԽоⲻȥȴǱԼˣֱӽеľԪͶ񣬻ҲǲֻɾĵһֻޣǺз˵Ѫ
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滺ڻؿһĵȼˮʶҲԸоʵڷı

һ쳹ԭȰԵĽһһׯµĸоֻҪöܶࡣ

һӸ߿ҪǾĲ񷣬ͬʱϵĻ滯Ϊһһȼ
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ֻΧȴʲôҲ룬Ҳ˼ָоȻǶȴƿԶݵľ顣
һкѩйϵʱˮͷȴǳһۺɫɡˮ⡣
ˮͷ˭ʱȴǾˡ
һӺݹŮˣ㷢߸𣬳һ˫ǵƤѩϸ壬޳޳˼ϸβ˼ߣһϮȹϴ˽ڳĽߡ
䣡
ȻǺǸʫ续ľɫŮˣǸ߹ŵŮˣʱ֪Ұˣȴû뵽ݣһĺǡ
νԵ֣
ˮһ̶ò̾˵档
ߣۼǿƫԵۼҾ뺮ǻǺԶģˮǿֳôĶ֪Է֪֪룬ƺûʲôϵ
ã
öչЦĿˮŵ΢ЦҲһ˿ȵɫ
ã
ˮЦŻصôҲû뵽䣬ԭҴݰᵽݡ
ΧŴѩһ˹һɡ棬ָоرã⾳
ʲôʱݵģԵȻ㡣
ϵЦݺºͣһĿġ
ĵЦǺ״ȾҲǺ׸ܵģˮЦЩˣһֱǿ
ɡվţˮһ߼Ѿ˲ѩæ߳벽
ʵѩ֮㲻ʲôɡѾϰߣ˵ɡŮҲ㡣
ѩԽԽ󣬻ҪһӣߣȥҼҡ
Цſˮ˵
ˮβɺģѩͦģҲǸյҸ¥ס£˽жȴû뵽䣬˵ʵˮڲȥң鷳
ôˣ飿ô˵ҲĵҲй֮ԵдһҲӦõġ
俴ˮԥɫ˵
ȻĴԣׯ˵ĶˣһһЦһţһ˿覴á
ûУǾʹСˡ
ˮ뷴ҲҪҿջɴȥҺˣ˽ô˵⺮ûһʶˣҲǰˣοסĵطǰҵׯ԰ֵ˵ϵ
˳һɡڴѩ׷ţˮ̽ʹͺļ
ǿǲǺ𣿡
ǰǸ˭
Աߵһɻʵ
ʲô񣬲ÿҲ֪Ǻ
ǰ˻һ䡣
ǺӺûм˰Ҳû˵Ǽҹߵý

ͣһׯԺǰʱһ㶣ôСׯԺסºô˵ġ


690 УϤİ
ˮ֪ܿˣǺԼһסģǰˮѾۣӦû˵ġ
Ӧþһס
ˮź߽СׯԺԺһ¥һ¥󣬽¥㣬Ӧס¥Ҳ㣬Ӧǡֿ⡱߱á
ʵһ¥㹻סˣпʲôȫ¥ƵֿĿԱȽϴ
ԺеʯϵĻѩаߺ񣬲淢֨֨ˮŽ¥ȥ
¥ͨɫرƯһŮסģһȥһС˵һķ䣬Ӧòд˵ģ̫Сˡ
࣬溮̹ǣȴů紺

΢Ц˵
һ̴ľ輸ֻˡɳһֻˡɳһֻ˫ˡɳѩɫģһȾΧš輸ڷţ濿ǽѷҪˣСȴܰ
ˮоŮʵҲǸûаȫеŮˣ˵ȱٰȫУˮͦġ
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ˮЦŴȻһֻˡɳ£ʵҲŰ磬պҪһ
ûб˼ǿɲ԰ﵽ㡣
Ц˵Ҳˮᡣ
˾ǰĵطֻǼ棬˵ֻʶһİĵطһ˲о˵ľ
ڵˮͺ䣬һˮоͺ·Ƕδĺһ
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ˮûмŻش𺣶⣬Цſ֪Գǻ۵Ůӡ
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ŮʲôģҲˮ̲ס࿴˺üۣǴɫһֶͣоǶŮ³е档
ƺûиܵһϵ΢ЦȻŵǰˮլԺ龰
ңҺ棿򷿵ġ
ˮĲȴŵ𺳵ŮЦ
һǶܺ棬治֪ôģô;Ȼﵽ߶ȣ۾ݴ½Ҳûмط˿ʹΪˡ
˵ˣ˺棬С޷԰ΣҲС
ҶСкû뷨ġ
Ц˵
ϴ뿪ʱ龰ڸоңԶ·ȥöһһټϤİһ˵ĸо
ˮһز˺һˣջ㲻ˮʹõϣһʼζ޷԰Ρ
ˮֵʱ򺣶ѾҪˣζʱѾˣʱֻǾȵĿˮôҲ޷뵽ЩͨĲ˺Ȼζ
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Ŷţ
ǰˮ㶣ڻع̲סһæ
ǰ˺ܶ࣬ˣˡ
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е㲻˼˵Ͼǰ˵Լĳղ
ģҳģòã
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ߣôõĳȴҪҳ󣬷ûԡ
ǰˮ˵˭ĺó̲סˮһ䡣
Ҵˣһҽ㣬֤̱ĺóԡ
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ģ
Ȼ
Ǻãûԣĳ꣬˵óԡ
΢Ц˵ƽŵ˵е㽿ĻرˣǳŮ˵
ˮϲľš졢֪ԵŮˣй³ŮˣоŮˡ
ĻǲģҪһɫŮģҪ֪Ժ˵˶ˣлȴûмֻˮһˡ
óԣ
ˮҲϵһϾˮʤЩϵԭ
Ĳźóԡԡ
΢Ц˵ȴǰˮʢһ

극ҪˮգˮֱӰЩϸԭİ취ֻǼЩϣľȻˮƺҪһ㡣
úҲ֪ʧ仹ǿˣǳܴﵽˮƽĻѧҪǲϣûĲϾˡ
ˮ˺ܶϣ㹻һʮʹõϺú俪ĵЦˡ
ǰᵽôΪʲôһס
ˮʵ
Ǻҵıңүүһȥģǰ˵һҪúصڣǾͻˣϲ徲Ͱסˡ
ɵЦ
ҲһסҲͦõģڣеį
ˮΧЦ
ϰ˾ͺˣϢһҴȥɺȣ㿴Σ
ƽ˵
ס
ˮȻĿź䡣
ȥĸ¥ס
е죬˵
ŶŶңһΪ˯
ȥ


691 
ͺһʱʵͦýӽģһоǺþûмĺһ
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ʱ洫һöˮһ֪ǺʫţǸ̷ߵĺܽŮˡ
ʫ˵Ѿ˽һۿͺˮǾȣűǿĵЦţԭù㰡
ˮŮˣĸս൱飬ҲһֳŮ˵ķ飬üĿβס绨һҸĸо
ֻһˮоԷӦǳɻ鲻ãǰʱ򣬾Ҳǵõ㹻¶ȡ
ãǰùþ˵ܿõˡ
ʫ΢Цˮк
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׺µĻһ˿Өţ֪㣬ҺܿģǶһʲôãЩĺ;ǿ˺ܶ࣬Ҳпûпĸ࣬Ժǻõġ
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Сһ۵رÿͲ׺̫ˣȻںСüĿرüë׺£۾ˮĲλûио˭
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ºСһ￪ĵܹȥԴʹ𵤺󣬾ͨҲϣѾˣȻҲ̣ͬ
Ѳˮ֪Ȼˮ缺ҲǣϻϣˮԼĺӡ
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ڻʦݼҲŴ壬Ϊˮڲ˿һرĴڡ
ˮȻڰǣ˭֪ʦиŮˮδޣ㹻ˣʦǰǵߡ
ݼң
Ѿͷôʱˣ𣿡
ݶߵˮԱߵݺ˵
Һүү˵Ҹô죿
ݺʧ˵
ѾͷΪѾܲˣȥߣҲҵԵˡ
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ҲԺ԰ɣʹҪǰҲǰ
ݺ૵˵
ôүү֧㣬ԼҪչ˺Լ
ݶƳ̾
һүүҪġ
ݺҧ˵
ʲôʱ
ݶֹ֪ǿѾͷ
ͶүүҲҪأ

ˮͺ߽¥УˮҲرĸɾûеɲֿ⣬ӦǱöѡ
һȥҲǸֻǿյģǽϹżɽˮʲôҲûС
ˮֱ˶¥ڿ¥ݵķǰͣȻƿǰš
һС͵ңһų׵˫˴ӣֻûиǵġ
дŴһһӣɫ̴ľ񣬺Цߵ򿪣ȡһŷɫı̺ŵϡ
סɡ
е㲻˼˵
ллܺá
ϢɣҲȥϢˡ
˵оеֵֹģЦЦת뿪
ˮ¥󣬴ʱҲ΢΢ڣĵطڵ磬ҹͰʱһһ룬йʯϺͰûʲô𣬷ǲҹǡ
صˮڴϣڻûеɾʱ䣬һˮ뿪·ϵʱ䶼һˣ̲סĸס׺ǣмӣرСһ


692 ɽɺ
뿪ʱСһѾ·ѧӦú˰ɣ֪ǲǵԼ
ˮЦˣһĺӵȻܼסԺԺԼסһ㶫
뵽Ǿ͸оеβ׺£ҪСһӦǿĵģܿСһҲǼҸ顣
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ÿνȥˮҪǱѩʥŹرǿҵջϧҪժȡҪʱ䡣
ҩϻɾľĽţˮнĳɾ͸Ŭɾṩ㹻ʱ䣬Ĺ
Ϲǿʱٴǰͻ˼죬һЩʵ
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촸ԴӿԶĲʵ¼Ķ֮ͷ·Ѿþûнˡ
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콵ҲڿٵĽչˮԸоõžˮԽԼܶʱ仭һˮƽ
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ѪͺӥֻţСϲѪҲԳԸ⣬֮һԳκޣǿджԣؿۼӣѪͺӥĿ֮
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վȻûлٶȿ죬ˮʱ䣬һһҲûʲôϵŷеýվ󼲱š
ˮҵβɺѪǲϻݡ
ˮԱߣվıͦģ۵Ľվƽȣһսݡ
ҵҲϰҪݣô᲻ң
ˮҲʵҲ˵һЩ٩ĻȻƣοʱѾ˵ƵĻ
Ҳô
ˮһۡ
ôŮζʱˮоƯŮʱرŮζ
һΣܿʱȥˣɺҲңң
ûпɺֻǿɺȾˮе㼤ڿʵֻҪҵβɺȡβɺѪƳ޼ˮʵǰհ޾кܴİգڵʵоס
ɺȺܴһƬɽһߣֻԶԼɽڣһЩСɽʯֺʯкӲݺ
ɺȣ
ˮ޴ֵɽźʵ
ǰǲǸое󣿡
Ц˵
൱Ĵ󡣡
ÿһ˵һο˵ɺȣɺβҲβġ
俴Χͷˮ˵
βӦ۷ˡ
ˮȵĿź䡣
Ŵ˵۷ޣҲֻ۷е׵ʵ
ﲻ𣿡
ˮںƣŮԼѵͲΣգ֪ɺ۷޵Ĵڡ
ΪʲôҪģ
俴ˮ
㲻֪ʱпܶ𣿡
ˮͷź䣬Ψա
֪Ҳ𣿡
ƽЦſˮ
ˮȴˣʲôʲôһˮˣѹƺܴһͷ


693 Ҽбľ
Ҳ֪Լ²ֻ֪Լ
ˮźƽ˵
ǰôϲ㣬˵֧Ҳһ
俴ˮȻԶ˵
ǲʲô飬鲻˵ǲǿ԰ﵽ㡣
ˮ΢Ц˵ܸоŲĻΪѵ顣
ˮ˵һӦΪԼŻΪ˻ţ
ûлشˮ⣬Ǵʵ˵š
Ϊ˻
ˮ֪˵ľʲô顣
Ϊ˵ֵֵãòã
ԥһƽЦ˵
ˮ仰ѾܵһЩȻ׼ȴҲǾԲԶ˵νֵֵԼĸԸ¾ֵãĲ鲻ԸĻǾͲֵȻҪʲô顣
ǰĸԸֵá
˼˦˦ͷЦݷǳĿɬ
㲻˵ҲͲˣܴƺԵ֣ʲôѵĻһҪңҲܰ㣬ҲֻǼ仰ѣʲôһңҰﲻҲʧʲô
ˮЦ˵ޱȵ档
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ͻȻ䷢һжǱģһֱˮվǰʱŻعƺһֱھʲô
ǲ˵ǲңǵһȱ㣬壬Ѿ㵱ѣҵѣԶǣ㲻ҵѡ
ˮ˵ǰľɫŮˡ
ң
ԥһ»˵
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оڵһƺϷԣʱô
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תǽȥľŰףʯϸпĲ࣬һڵķΡ
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һ˵ķƽ˾գһǷǣˮƺʲôȴץס

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׷ǿ֮ʵǿµٶԼĺӷֻҪûαĵطУҪǷµֵεĹȫֵԳ䲻ĺͶԷƴ˷ʤ


696 £ŮͼϵŮ
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ϴˮ͸оХԳػޣϧ֪ػʲôģҲûиˮ뿪
ÿ󲢲һǺܾǰǿµһأνԵˣѹҲһֿҲ˵Ǳ󲻱ƻ
ػҲǿǰѱޣȻһػֻ;ЩޱѹԸػеľػĳ
ȻҲпǰػ޲ˣҲûµػػɺܳһʱûػޡ
ˮо֣ҲǸǿ϶ʱ䣬ûػػ
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ʱһ׵ķվˮߣҲǿԶһоԼûжôĽţ֪һжΪߵԭ

һ޴УƺڻӦվĽһܿԶһСڵ㣬۵糸￿
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βɺһԾӰһȥͬʱֻβ͸߸ߵ

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ÿʹáľβɺʱˮһۣܼҰβɺƤǼֵǰ
βɺ׳Ƥ㹻ˣˮѾ˺۵βɺƲͷڲǺͱʨ
ԶԣʨȻǵʵʵսԽթǣԶʱ仹ԣʱһͻᴦ·硣
ֻƺߣʨȴסòɿ˫϶˿ڡ

ץסˮһȥ
⼸޶ٶޣȻûдβɺ뿪ҲͲ뿪ˣֻ޶ԽթһΣվԼܣȶԱʨͲһˮ޾Ķ˻ޡ


701 ޼ɣǾ
βɺѾɶ֣ˮڶǣԽԽоⶫƻǿѱʦһ㶼ֱųѱޡ
ǲܲܳɹֱӻųѱʦѱҪһҳϡ
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һĲҽнˮʱβɺȥ޴Դճһ󶴡

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֪޷ֱܵӲĺͱʨƴɱһǣʨıյ˲ӣǱʨľ޴צıԴ
Ҳûкһֱȥȥ׷ΡΡȥıʨñȱʨס˱ʨ
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ֻˮԼԣֻʣһֻޣˮ󣬴źߣҪֻûϣ

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702 з޼
޵ĳɳڲˮĿǰе飬ţɾĴڲõģ÷³١
οˮŽվͻԼʷʵǿޣĿǰҪԼʵ
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ڿҩϣԱҪСö࣬Ҳ޵ǿԭɣĿҩҲǲͬÿÿ˶ͬƺʵͬ
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һµʱ䣬ﵥദд裬ͬԣʱһȥɱޣˮҲһЩĶϵĻϵġ
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һЦһϧһĸоʵйͬģ˵˺ƣˮҵ֧ʱǺҵ֧Ҫٸ飬ΪķŬ

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Ů˶ԴͻôҪɻĿʵ
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ҵ鲻ùܣѾкˣǺǸŮ˼޹ҲԶֻ֣Ҫ죬Ůûм޹͸ǵˡ
ƽ˵

һܺ˻ص˺ǣ뿪һºٴλ
Żֱ䵽˺СԺǰѾſţԺƺ˵
üͷˮҲû˵ź˽ȥ
ԺΨһһͤȾƣԺһƬǽ壬ÿ߻һƵŮˡ
žƣʱĻᴫŮ˵Ľǽ˺ˬĴЦ
ˮͺһûжһᣬñһ˻ŵŮ˿Ů˾ȵˡ
̧ͷŽĺ䣬оޣǾȣľٶߵ˶ˣǻͷ
ϣⲻǺСҰ˭ǻΪ㲻ء
һϸվ˵
˴ʮ£ް߰ףĿ࣬Ƥ𪣬һϸɤΪǸûѵļһ
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ǺֵܣŸǼںʲȴӰŮɫʹʵҲںҲǲʵϾںѾûˡ
ǺҵˣﵱȻںˣôҰ˶ؼˣ㲻֪Ѿҵ𡣡
ں˵ڻŮ˷ץһѣ۾һֲΪ֪Ļ濴ź䡣
˭˵ҵˣô
ˮǰһ˵ȷʵرÿһ˶С


705 ת䣬鲢ûн
ˮĻǺͻأģҪ֪ǺǵĴңǺңҲҺҶŸɣûһͿ
ˮ˵䲻Ϻ䣬ݴ½ʵֻҪӵʵӵһУ˵һɫŮˣֻҪӵʵӵжٸ⣬ֻҪ룬ںûҼ䲻ϵŮˡ
СӣҴһ㣬ǺңֲС˵ľȸұ졣
ϸ˻
һвŮŮĶҲлǿҩŮҲֻܿţûõ⡣
ˮһ赭дĻֱúѪӿ·Ǳȵβ͵ë˰̺ʹƽʱĺܺãû֪ȴû˵
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ĺ֮һȴҪһЦ֮
ˮɲʲôֱӳЦ˵
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仰ǽ˶סˣô˵գձˮȻ˵Ҷս

ڿǵĺȴǹЦоǰѾÿݣֱ֪޴
ˮҲ˵Щһ㣬εıݣε̬ˮûκεķӦ
ˮҲ֪Щǿ֮ΪʲôԳסΪЩԼǰһ޷εǸоʲô㣬ʲôǣָͷܽĽΪʲôˡ
Ҹѡ񣬵һѶ˷ųӴǺǻɣڶҶֱǷǳ
ȺЦˮ˵
ƽ˵Ͽ񣬵ȴܰ
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󲮣ɱ
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ˮҲ̲סЦˣЩҴǰһЩߣ˵ЩʱӶùʱԽλϰߡ
ˮĻҲʵֱӽ𶥵һ仰˵ſڽһſˮˣˡ
˵һ飬Ѷļ˷ų
ˮȻƽĿź˵
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ȥɣ֣
ǰǸ˫ް߰׺󲮵ӻӽˮһ˹еסˮʺ
ˮҲĿһֿƲһץȻһһ죬ٴǰһֱһȭӵĿڡ
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ǺҺһٮٮߣǺǲ磬ȴǱ˳ֿȭɱ
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ǰǸֱҪˮǳԲѷˮȻûбҪ·ֱ֡
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ƺܱʹӦǰɣϾ˶ӣ˽ԼĶǶӣ˵ĺӾͲǺӣƾʵȻҪѺ
ܣСģ
𾪻ŵĺ
ԼֵֵܣǧıˣȻѪԵ΢Զһ㣬ȴ㱻Ǳȣʵ๼
ˮȻûʹ̤һ

޴ĻµƣˮĻǴﵽһԽԲĴڣһʽֱӽԷһ˼ϻ˺Է
һУˮ˵ĻŸո˵꣬һʼ˵ˮѾˡ
Ͷ䣬Ǳɱһ˶ſһʱܵ˾޴ѹܵܵв
ҲɱˣڻѡĻᡣ
ˮź˵
ѡˣѡ
ʱһϵһ½˽
ˮʵܵˣֻû뵽Ǻҵˡ
ڣ
ڣ

һʱ亣ҵ˶һȣرǺȵƺţ
ʱλϵˣʮ˽ˮĸ磬ԼǸʫš
ǰһ׷ͯյߣɫΨһ˫۾˲ɣǣƽͣˮһ
ùã
ùã
ʫźͺܵ߿ĵĽеǸݺҲ˹źɬ˵ίˡ

ڣ
͵Ĺڵϣţ嶼ڲ
ĶΪͷӻˣʲôô겻˱Ƶֵزʲôš
ߵǰƽ˵
ڣҴˣҲú㣬ҵʱ̫뵱ҼҴˡ
ڣ

ļֵһȫڵϣܣ
ȫǴȥҷã
˵
ǣ
ļ˵
ڣ
ԽԽСˮû뵽ճ黹ûн


706 òɣ
չȷʵеϣˮΪҵֻû뵽һ棬ǱӺ
𡢺˱˴ߣмʮˣˮЩӦǺҵĺԱǺҵ֧
ʱſˮ۶ͣһ־һɣȻٿ򺣶ӥ䡢ʫŵˡ
ʮˣЩǺݺҵĺԱǴݹģǺֱѪԵϵġ
ȻǴ壬ȴǲһŵݼƣֻǺҵ㣬ϺҵĿҲؽҵĸ֣ԼһЩܹҴΪȥʿ
ǵ鶬ӥѾ˵ˣҺǹȥֵܣĺˣҺĺˣǺҵĺˡ
º͵˵ƽС
˿һֲ֪ʲôоӿͷĿˣһ仰Ҳû˵
Һ˲ФƣȻҰûгأβɥҶԲǣǳʲô飬ҾҲԲ硣
˿ź仺˵
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ֻǵ˿ˮĿʱ֪ˣԼĽΣеˮһΪˮԼˡ
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ˮǺӣЩһֱڸλĲʵûеõӣԼΪǵǿڣԺļҸ
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ˮĻ󣬿˿ˮ˵ͷҾҲܱ֤á
̫ˣ㣬ߣǻغң

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ף˵Ǻˣô죿
Ҵһģ뺷һ˵ֻ˵ģƺҲǸող꣬˫ƻǵӺǰ߳ѩüë֪Ѿˡ
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죬ߣ˶ʱ䣬ڵΪԶԶңù˼ɣֻңٹ̵ļڻǲңɪꡣ
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ˣÿζһס΢Ц˵
ôܣˮ˵ҹùúòÿʫŽˮ˵
ÿ纣С˵òɡˮ˵ʲôοòɣˣԼˡ
ùã㿴ˮ˵ˣ˵İɣʫűźĸ첲ЦţŮվһǳ𺳣ֻǴŷµĺ䳹װѺʫűȥ
䰵̾мˮȴΪ
ллһֱûô˵ĺӥˮ˵ǸˣȻԿĹؼ
ҺͶѣֳؿҶѡˮһ
ĿȴǸһ뷨ɫĿ䣬ﶼһͷƺܰ䡣
ˮǻǸСԺɣڵʱ򺣶˵
ˮʹҸǣȻ˲˼Ŀºͺ뿪
˵ùǲϲˮˣʫŵʵ
Ҳǰɣôǵһοһߵôӥĵ˵
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˵ˮӵģ񻹲ֹһ֪ùûôѡ񡣡ҡҡͷ
Ҳ¹ùһ޸ʱȴǿ϶˵
Ϊʲôô϶ʫźɻʵ
ùþϲˮԺ׿ùõĸԺǿһηһˮŮˣһ޸ˮҸоǹùҪ׷ˮܼᶨ
Ǻǣ֪ʶǿʫźǺЦ
ȴǲ˼ЦЦ


707 ɱ
ˣ˯ˡ
ǸСׯԺʵ뺣ҲǺԶ޳źСԺʻȥ
ΪʲôҪңѵֻΪ𣿡ˮߣԶ˵
ǰУԴʵͻƺˮǳƽֵĸоĺܺá
ɻ𣿡ˮߵĺ䡣
ܸΪʲôҪ𣿡ͷˮǵһգգĿˮŵɫ
ˮһȻЦˣ䣬ǺһҼŮ֮һЩҲһбͼѣཻһѡ
ҲЦˣˮ͵˵лл
ֻԼ˵ллʱоһ㲻Ϊ֪ûˣǰܽţϣ˵ѣȴһСΡ
صСԺʱɫȫˣŹʯԺһȥһǰǽʰˡ
˰ɣϢɣˮͣԺź˵
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뵽ʵƵ·زԼɱҲˣǰЩԿɱ
˵ֵ߲ǮˣҲǶˣΪˮʵ;ﵽ̶ֳȣԽӴЩףΪˮǣҲˮġ
ʵˮѾʹðһɱУɱˮǰʹõУǿʶסԷȻöԷ޷ܣֻӲ߽ײסǶ㲻ġ
ˮʵһӲһǰٶȡ졢ǰЩ˿Եֵġ
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ãҲ֣ǾͱǶ֡˿Цһֵܵ˵ƣݡ

ˮͺеſʱȴƿʮĺ޳Ż֦мһǱʻɫرΧΧˣƺ֪ʲô顣

ǻ½ʱõĻ
Щĺɫе㷢ףûͣźȥˮ߿߸ź򺣼ҡ
һȥͿຣ˺վԺУ˫ƺڽ̸ʲôүһţ޼ȫվš
ˮǸоͦлģ֪޼˶ʱ䣬˫ƺִʲô
ǺҵĴ֮һźķ
ŭˮ⣬Ͼ˵ﶼǱΪϱô˵ںǿһ壬ûˣھȻ˵ǡ
ǲǿˣͷӺúõģ͸ǳȥˣһȺûûƤ⡣
ȽǸŮˣǶȥɡݺݵ˵еı
Сˣ
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һʱ˵Ŀⶼе˺ˮϡ
ӥͺʫŵ򺣶ˮ
վ˼Ǿƺž޴ʹһҲǲ԰ޱȡ
ôһüôصˣˮ൱ɻȻ򺣶䡣


708 һۣɱһ
һϵʱ䣬⺣溣ƺƴΣˮҲ֪һǸйϵ
һμʱ˵ʣµʱﺣɨϰĪȥһҡ
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˼һôʱ䣬ʲôûмҵĴҵΪ˭֪Ҽаô걻Ů̫ˡ
첻Ҳ֪ҼϺ棬ϺѾû˿ԶˣѾź֮һͷΣȻҪ̵
ϲҪ˵ҼȻӦϣͻս󡣡
ϲޱɫ鲻γ϶Ѿʲôˡ
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ڲҲĿˮ˵ϲޱȣˮǰʮָǲŵģˡ
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΢Ц˵̬ҲرϣˣǲԱġ
ʱҵЩҲ˹
С㣬ʱˣǼڼҵء
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ƲͷٿǸˡ
ˣ氲ˣҺҵ϶ǹŵ΢Цƺǿ龰رĿġ
˭뿪ң뺣Ҿͷһ·뿪ȻҲںǣ˵ġ
ʱźҴĺȵ
뿪ҺòãԺͺûκιϵ
һᣬһʮüվ˵
ǺҵѪִҪҲ㣬һֻ뿪ɡ
̾˵
üƬֱ̣ɥãϵƺһ֣Ȼҧ뿪
쿴뿪ĺҵ꣬˫һƬˡ
˭뿪뿪ɣٶˣ뿪źǾҲǺˡ
̾˵
˵꣬һΡΡվȻ󻺻ȥĲӺܳء
ǰģϾ߳ԶܻӰʧſڵʱ½վλ
վȥںǴңӦ˵ģҲѡ뿪ԭ
Һ΢ЦĹۿ£˼ɢܿѾһ롣
Ҫ뿪ԺǾҲǸӡ
һһ˺
ףһᣬҲ
߿˼ͷ뿪ˣ
ʣ²ʮˣټһĳԱʣ²֮һˣЩ̬ȼҲ뿪ҡ
һȱٵľᶨѪԺӣȱֲη֮ˣһꡣ
Һҵĺöɡ
ۺ˵
Ǻƴˣһɱһɱ׬һ
ǰƴˣ
̫ƴˣ

ʱڳĬͷҵˡ
ҪӦǣǺҲҪվҲҪ㻻ȡ͵죬ǲŹǵġ
һź亰
С㣬һ飬㻹ûȷеĴ𸴣ǾͲˡ
ҳȻŲæ˵ֲŲæֵĸоᡣ
˵û
ˮںʱ΢ЦĿҵߡ
ʲô˼Ѿܾˡ
ҳһ¶ɱǰһƽˮ
˼˵˾Ϳȥˡ
ˮĵ˵ȻȻȥһ˺ץȥ

ն
ģ
ˮʵԷ̫࣬ҶԷȻûбնȫԣ֪ôôһ˲ͣ٣ƺһ
ˮֱӽˣٶѸ

֣
ˮֱûиԷκλĽλҵĳߴԴˮ˵ɱԷҲһʱ䡣
ȫˣɱҵļ壬ʵȻǶ⣬ҲߣǽǰӭסҪ֮һ
ȴֱӱɱԷȻûнҷ


709 䣬
ˮĹɱֱӽڳסһʱֱֳѻȸ
ˮĳú˫۷һ˿ѤɣϵЦһҲرĿͬʱĵĻʣµЩˡ
ɱ磬ɱҵˣɱ
ǸģˮȻߵ˺ȵ
ˮȥЩ˵Ҳֻǰȥĳʵ˵ʵϲ˵Ρ
ҼֵܣѾˮɱһǰ˵ҼСһֵܡ
ʱҵȫˮȥ
Ҳϣɱǣ
ǣɱǣ
ҵҲջȡ

ʣµ˴ʱˮһսҪ֣ˮ˳ȿѹʱøλ֣ͶСһˣ
ˮ˵绢Ⱥ˫ֻɵĺÿһγǴһѾɱˣһ
վžӨ飬ڴˮӰһﾹǳƽܰ
ܳĸоôǵһΣ˵Լ˵ҵɺԼһ֪ˣǰĵҩǣҪԼĲҪԼ
Ƭʱ͹ƽ
ҵֵǣ鷳ǰŪĻϣҸ͵ҡ
ˮ뵽ҪԼأǳҪԼԼҲûбҪһζĵ͵˸ó־Ҫݵ㡣
ҲеʵһҲǿԵģҪǮģȻ³һܲҡ
ˮĻúҵһ󻶺ǰ˱ƵѹֲôܵģǼҲЩ뿪һˡ
ҵȫɱһûʱˮŻ򺣶䣬ˮҲ̲סᡣ
ȴõЦݣһЦݣէһޱȣֻܵеǷϲá
ߣȥǱ߿Ұɡ
ˮźЦ
ȴһ˵ˮĻ̲סĳҭЩѾѹֵˣͻȻΪһкҲƲס
رʱſڿһŻʱȻûпʲôֻԼ֪ʱ飬һִŵıԵ
ˮĲӣıסˮһˮץסĵһ
ˮҲû뵽һܼǿŮӣҲ֪ټǿҲʱ򣬸οǸŮӡ
Ĵıһǵľɫˮ˵ûиоƭ˵ģֻˮǿԼҪ˼룬Ŭȥ뺣壬ˮͲ˼롣
ûˣԣޱӾͲƯˡ
ˮҲ֪˵ʲô뿪Цİοź䡣
ıˮ·Ҫˮһ֪ˮǶôĿ顣
ԵĽˮ㴫ıУرǰѹȸУаĴܸܵ飬ɫĽĽס·ůһ
󣬺ƿˮ˵лл㣡
õ𣿡
ţûˣ

ȻˣҪǸҲֵˡ
Ⱥһ꿴ˮͺ˵
𻨳ˣŮ˶Ǻջˮһ˵ĸܲ𡣡
һҡͷ̾Ϣ˵
֪˵ӵŮһ֪ˡ
껹Ǵ˵
ҡҡͷ
壬˵ܴŮ𣿡
Աߵһǰ˵
Щˣǿǽܻܲ뿪ɡ
üͷĸˡ
ѵ֣
겻˼Ŀߡ
Ϊʲôң
ҡҡͷתѾˮͺ䡣
ʱǰȥʬĺӵܻˣһ϶˷ܵ飬һһѪһ㣬ǰʵ̫ˡ
С㣬ѾķԸɡ
һҵ꺺ӹ˵
ãҰǰҵϵĲǾȥҡ
ˮ꺺ӵЦ
һԸ
꺺ӿ˵ȥ
ˮͺ䲻Ųæߵ˵ǰ΢ЦſǣЦ̲סһ󷢶
ǰɱʮ˵ƤգûմȾһѪرڵַƵǸе䡣
ǰɣҺ磿
ˮŶǸ˵
Һͺҵ飬ȰǲҪ֣Ƿǣ뿪ҿԷȥ
üˮ˵
磬һȣ
ʱһö֮дһȻζ·ʹϾĸо
Ȼң˾Ĺ
ˮ㹻ǿûʲô仯Χһ
ˮҲǰֹ̾ǿֱĹЧֻҪֿסģͻᱻԵóճմǿֱӻĿɵӣ·һЩһ
ѭȥӭһŮˣͣһЩɫȹһֹ鶯ĹâеҰĺԵҹյľ飬һ˫ѩ׵ĳѥԵȹӸڷ
ħںɫȹ³ĵƤѩϸ壬ںڵķ˿ᡢ޳ķ۾˫ҹյĺڱʯı񣬵΢Ц촽һ˿͵Ļɢ
һŮ˺Ů֮ŮˣųŮ˵ϣҲŮ鶯ഺϢ
С㣡
þúѹ
ֻŮһ仰ĳ˾ѾɱھˮҲɵİȻת۷塣
ãҽ飡
ŮȻֱˮ
һ˲ˮоһ㱣ܿͱȻƣͬʱʶͼҲӿתٶȡ
ˮûǰһ˲Ļ㱣һӳ˻㱵ʱ䣬˦˦ͷŮˡ
˳ҿԴӦκòã
Ůٴˮ˵ǰȻ
ǰǿ֡ꡱӿˮˮĺȻͼֿ
ˮ֪ˣŮѾԼˣֻҪԼľһԻסƾԼʹɱеʱ
ҪҸһ֧ɣ
Ů˵ȻζٴͬʱҲˮ𲻴𻰣ֱ̤նվڰ˸ߵĿ衣
˿ε޷ŵȴ˸оһĻ뵽ƵС
裡


710 ﷭ŭɱ
ֻ裬Ҳɱ˵裬ġ衱Բ˻ὥ౬Ѷ
տʼˮҲܵǿҵһղܵĸоԼɽȥȥ
֪ԷԼʩչȻֶΣҲԼɽȥһ˲ǶԷԼʩչɱеʱ
ȻŶԷջϢˮоŮǴӺħŮ֮䣬ӵĳ֮ȴħŮȻ次
úÿ𣿡
Ů͵Ĵ΢΢𣬱ǰɵֹͷֵĸо
ÿҲϲ
ˮҡҡͷ
һڿɻҶһķʵΪʲô
ϴǿҵɱɱ軹ȱݵģȥŨصɱһĳϣ˵ʩչĻ⡮ɱ衯
ˮ΢Ц˵
Ҳ裿
ɻĿˮҲͣ
ҲֻɱˣҸܵɱȻܲɹ
ˮЦſƵϻˮŮˡ
ҽ̸飬㿴Σ
ӿ˵
ʱ䲻࣬˵ɣ
ˮûʲô仯˵еĺȻһֱûи
ҺͺȻЩڣûʲôҸ̸̸ϣҺͺãͬԸң㿴Σ
Ů棬ԥһ΢С˵
ˮû˵ֻǴĿǰŮӣˮŮӻ˼ԥԭˮȻܵŮֵɱ⣬ˮ֪Է뷨ɱԼ
ҪǴӦҲԺƽСûеɫ㿴
΢΢һһɢ˵ջͦҡεջ൵Σһ־Ϻϵջ
ڵ΢΢ɢǰ΢΢ĶˮһҲһƬհס
һŮ˶ˣӰȴǿĲ˼飬һѰɫذףһߣˮĲȥ
ˮعʱȻе㽩ӲϹͺȻٵ޸ţǰѿԲȴԼ޷
﷭
ˮ֪﷭ʲôζϧҲܲһٸԼһʱ䣬һ㹻Ծȡ
ϧûҩģĿŶŮϹŵ̵ЦݣЦݺȴɱ˵΢Ц
ԣ
ˮʱһֵֻסǰذףһӰˮذ׵м佫ˡ
ذ״̴ײĿڣֱײȥˮ
䣡
ˮ־֪ﾢٶᵽ۷徳磬ٶϹˣŵסֵסҲΪ˱գǶԷܿˣƿˮ
ˮס䣬ֻѪ֣ܵæóҩ浹ʱȴһε˹ȥеذ׻һâˮĲӡ

ˮҲһóرķŭò绨綾Ыʢŭ֮ˮȫһ߳һΣˮԲһΡ
βţ
ǱеһţΪˮֻʹˡ΢ܿҪϱһӣֻǲû
ȫһŸڿԳܵģȫһżʹûбǽϽԼʵӳɣȻŮ˺ɱ
ˮŭˣ֪ΪԼ⣬ŭˣһһŮ˾ɱˮûиеһ˿ĺڡ
俴ˮΪ˿ڣϺ۵һҲʹرǸղǸŮˡšΪԼ˿ʱߵӣȵġ
𣿡ˮźֹʵ
ۣһҲۣ΢Ц˵оΪˮʲôеġ
Ů˵ǳ׽ҺҵսҵһɱﵣɱһΪʲôôͲ֪ˡ
֪˶ηЫ֪Ķȥմˣϵ̫ˣƤϵ˾͸ˡ
䣬ȥǱߵҡˮúȥǱߵ
ҪСģ䶣һźǱȥֳҲʺϳˣ˵ĲǺصȴ֮ڲսˡ
ˮߵǰ棬ǰǸȴǴһɱһϡ
ˮǰɱ˲ˣڵҲס٣Щ˶߶µľǲǰ壬ӵֻܳ塣
̤
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ǰѾȫϾЩȥ˲ҺҵǿߣˮʵЩ˻벻ˮķۡ
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ҺˣرңһҪȡҲ֪ҵ˼˫ȻڿԷ̶Է
һˮҲüͷãԷ˵ʵˮǸ˳ǧʵڰǧ£Լʵ࣬ʣµļǧʵ
ҵϵףʵҲˮ֮УҲССһ£ǵĴʵƺҪǿһЩ
һûͻƣЩҵǿߣоܼѣԼе޶ϽҲǸδ֪
ˮûи̫ܵĽţϾڰʵת۷壬ڲʹǻ׺׶ܵ·ﵽ򿤣Ȼ߲磬ԼЩֱӿ԰㵽һ
һԽ
һյһǣȻ˭֪ҪСģ﷭˴ÿ컹ǶƵ飬ÿһ﷭˶֪ܴ⣬ʱǷʤ
վ
ˮгվȥֻҪͽվϣʵԸǰЩ˻Ǵ´ġ
ûˣҪһ˶Ǹеˡź˵·Ҫһ
ʲôҲٲƨɵ¾ôģ˵ʹֵôҶ£˵һϹˡںЦ
ˮһοʵ߶Ҷ˵֣ھͿ˭̬ˣȻѪ


711 ӥ
ƥб¹ҴһˣƤʲô¡ŭĿź
ˮҲЦǰҲǺģһռ˱̸ıԣ֪򲻹뼤
㻹ͺ֣ɱĶӣ˽ɣһأҾˡˮӹں첻֣ܶԼԺӰǾ޴ġ
Ҿɱ㣬ȥɱϹܿڽվˮĿ˵
ɣһһ
һֻ޴ĺ޳֣СվһҲС޵Ӻţֻ޴ǣǳɫ壬״Ŵö౶ţ
óͨڵӿڱǼ䷢һйֳ¶ȿԽĿ⣬ʵõֱӶ
ˮʶһ£ʱöˣĻӦð㶨
Ȼ
ɽ



ˮԼʵѸᵽ۷壬űǽϽܣȻһ״̬
һˮʵٴһЩЧǷǳɹ۵ģȻֱýվһշħ̤ȥ
һɵ
ЩҪĿʩչõĿǰˮûз˭ԶԼĺͽվս
Щսʩչرķ㣬ٶҲرĿ죬ɵˮֱӽ۽𾦺ͻ֮ʹ
ǧֱӱˮȥǧʵ˲ܱңŲ˼Ŀˮ·𿴵˶ħһ
Χֻվһ̤Ȼɫһ־ӣ޷ܵ׿ʲô۰һ˾֡
ԴҲûл뵽龰˻һɵʵѾܱ̬ģܵˮʵһҲģоˮ޷սʤ
ԶѾƿյˮ֪Щ˸ýˣһ½վһ˲ȥ
裡
ѸٵſһƬǵصˮȥȴѸٵȥ
ˮᣬǰˮֻҲûзŹľǺޣڽվʩչշħͬʱʩչġ

ˮŻֱӽһƬڻȥû˿仯ٶȱǰӿ졣
ǽһ貵Ĺâ򵥵ȴǺԴĹ켣кȥ
Ͻ
ǰĿǰʵߣˮһѾﵽ˰ǧٿϽڿԸɵı
ĺɱ
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ǧʵֱӽǧһЩ˭Ҳ޷ܵġ
ˮƾľ̬ӵȼǿԵĽͣҲڷ޼ǧٿʵսЩʮ۷ߵʱ
ˮǿķͱ̬ĻָоġʶеͼԼټӵеޣһˮվһصλá
ʮλҵĸˮǰһһвûгˮϣ۷µˮûе֡
ˮվΧȫ£ֻҲû⣬ڲСκεˣȻĽɱ
һֵˣѺ˱ƵͶ·ҾȻƬ֮䱻һ˰ѼҪ
˻Ǹˣڶһĸо
ʵĲ࣬ʵĺôˮûиоʲôʱôΣԼͶ·鵫Щ˵ҲǶָѡ
ǰʱЩһȨƵҪ˶꣬뾡취ɣһЩȨƵֻһ仰ֻһյʱѡ
ﶼʵһУҵˮһЩ˺֪ģֻҪǸĳǿ߾Ͳκ⡣
̧ͷԶѾֵˣһȻʮˣоʮֻ
ͷһֻ޴ӥǾ޴ӥͷһһֻײеޣԶԶı㷢߿ӥ
ˮĿסͷӥϵˣˮ֪˾ԱߵЩ߸ϣûôҲµҵļΪܲԷȷʵҵǸȥҪǿ̫ˡ
һָо
ˮǵú˵ǿҲһֻ۷壬Ϊʲô˵ϢֻԵϢҪǿ
ԽԽˮĿ˵ǰѴϣʻƵĴӲǺܴ󣬵ȴ캳صĸо

ˮ˱Լ촸ǿĴӣǲԼǰƬ֪ʶڿĶ
С񡱵Ĵӣھݴ½ȻǵԿҲкܶ࣬һرصĽʯģиǿ׵֮ʵɱķӳȥ
ֲƿôӴǰһֻ۷壬ôҲǲ򿤵ǲ򿤵
ˮ֪ʵܴܲﵽ򿤣һǧϣһˮоͷϵĵ˺ܶࡣ
ңǺ壬ʢ֮ʿֻƾ˾ں
Ҫսˣˮģ
˵һ㣬ڿϵµ˺رǿܵʬʱԵһ㶣ܿĿתԼһȥ·꣬׶Ǻҵˡ
ȻɱܺʮܣǸӥһѵĿסˮ˵Ｗһ㡣
ʲôʱ涨ֻɱˣ˲ɱˣĪͷۻ˸һȣˮ
ˮǹģΪܵ˵ǿѹˮĺȻͲɽ֮µȻ޴棬ˮɡ
кܾȣںǻû˿ǰɵ̸£о˺ء
磬˾֮һ˫ѩ˵
ŵܣ˵ĲǷϻôԽܵɱûй֮𡣡һ뺷ûк˵
ϧôõһ˲ţȻʮһھݴ½ʡһԵһҡͷ̾Ϣ
ǰ˵ĶԣʮһʡһԵһüƽ˵϶ǣҵĻۺ֮ơ
ǸΪܵû˵ʲôҲû֪ǲǵĻһ˼
ʲôֲ֣㣬ҳϣô˵طеɱΣ֪˲ɱ


712 ҿµʵħ
ҵҲŲ֣Ҳò֣Ҳôѵ⣬Ǹˮ赭д˵о˵Щû̫Ľš
ſ񣬲֪ʵƤǷһĿⶢˮŭ
ˮŲæóһоȵĿ¶˹ȥҪ콵
ΪȥĿԺܴҲֻ콵ǿˡ
ͨԼЩĹˮжϳԷʵڣһ콵˶Էٰʮʵ
ٰʮ
ڵõݵʱˮһ㶣콵ٷ֮ʵ˵ʵﵽһǧ
ǰˮĲ࣬һˮеѪҺƺȼһǸǿߣȻϡҲǸε׵ʵȻǿޱȡ
бˮ콵ٰʮʵûʲôоںˮǲġ
㱾µĻֻȥˡ˿ˮڸоˮʵƺȶҲܸܳš
ˮȻȫϣֻǺţžһ۽𾦡
۽ԷһɵʱʵǧʱСҲǿһǧ
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۽˵㷴ӦǰѾǧʵ֪ˮһĹ֮Ȼڶʱɱܡ
ڱǧʵѾ˵Ķ˰ɡ
еһϣϹ⻷ƣƺҲƵУˮогӲҪ
гʷóٶȵʷˮߣ˽վϣˮѾˡ
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ɱ
ǻף
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ԶˮŽվǸͦεӣһĸ߸ţ֪ʲôҲںˣ͵ˮʲô⡣
ʫſĿ⣬кӥ˵Ŀ⣬Ҳܿģȴǵģûϲ˭ϲһӣ㣬˵Ŀ¡
ǸоˮǺܰһԣоûٱǸģǰ䲻һеľˮϺˮ飬ǸоҲеܣܵһҲһμԵ
ˮһȥеɫڱˣֻһˮ֪ˡ
ԣ
ΧĿһŤʹ˶ܻˮǱײĺˣֱӴӽվ
һȥеʵŻһǧ֮࣬ʷĶɱòʧȥãֻöԷϷۺһʧˡ
Ҳʵ̫⣬ǶԷһЩĶ֮ʷĶɱûκЧ
ˮǻ֮£ﵽµһǧеǷȱǰûܵһ˺ֻǱԷײˡ
򵥵һ˫ǿ˸Եĳ㣬ѪԷĹȻԼвԼҲ޴֣һ򲻶
֪ˮʹõʱֻ֪ܳʱ䣬ϣһ㣬ȻԼҪսˡ
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һϲӰһžҪ׷ȥˮһʱоһӲϲһʯͷһĶ
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˫ϲ飬ڿˮߵֻʵʱٶȷȻһ֡

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ħĵȼߣҲʵسǿķٶȣͺצӿԿٵץһЩ޵Ҫ
ϺһЩĹԼӲĵ޴޶һ
ˮħ֪ɵԽԽãѾֻܵʵϢеǿûɵǿ
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ħٶȺܿ죬Ųæһ㿪ɱס˶ԷϢٴħ׷ȥٶȸ֡

һ£ħྪֵļܵĿ£ڸ޷ܣֵķС
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ޱȣһ˫ħúܴ󣬺ս˻ޣħڵ۾ץԴͺǺõɱ֡
ǰųħܷģоƾֻħĿٶȺǿϮҲܶˮڱԷֻʵ̻סʱиʱ䡣
ȴתۼ䱻ɱһֻ˵׻ʲôµ


713 ĶӰ󣬵õһֻ񡱴
ֱڣв°ˮŵͬȸ߶ȶԴܲоֺܲʵĸоҲӼᶨȥ뷨
ˮԶֻħ࣬ϧ̫Զ޷а취ѸٳҪԵС

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һûʹǸԵսˮ²ǸսĳƣƲܴ󣬱ҪʱʹһΡ
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ǰһεĳɹҲûԤԭйأһߵʷҲżжҺ乥ֻҲ޷Ч
ˮ֪޷־õսԱǻʧǰսٶʱΪи׶ܣԴﵽͬЧ
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˻˻˻
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ˮ˵ʱ׷ǿ󣬽һѵϣȻЧ̫ԣʤޣҲ˵׼ѹյһݡ
رֲЩ壬ǿ󣬷ǿָоرǿ󣬾ͷ·оʹһ


ˮæˣȻ˫Ѹٴ˫ƣǻ򣬾ǡʱˮȴǿš򡱱ơ
·ͻȻˮʵ˫ƵѲǰɱȣȻǰˮɱħʱ𺳣ΪǿĻ̺֮ĻҲļ¡
һյеļϣԥֱӽһǶ磬Ȼһֱ۶ûˡ
ǻĿ֮ȻʵйϵԷʵûбҲǿֿⱬƺһٲᱻƵôǱ
ԴЧˮҲһãԼҲпηĶһᣬҵܸ
ˮѰʱԼ¶ԷпԵĴӣͬˮĻ򣬻һ˫ʵҲее㺦¡
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ĶӰֻвһףͦɰģһһڰףվĽ˲һҲѷɫһ̬ٶˮͷƤ顣
ⶫΨһȱǲܷУҲĶӰһ㣬ĶӰֻҪٴνΪӰܷУ˵ӰߴʮĴڡ
ˮŶʮֻĶӰһˮе㼵ʣŰʮֻĶӰŪΪС
ˮֻ֪ҪԼԣʮֻĶӰͻ˲ԼɸɾˮʮֻӰˮУԼܶʱʮֻĶӰֲĴڡ
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⡰񡱾Եααǳɱʹߵʵˮ˵еʲô˵֪ˣÿһĶ
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أ
ˮÿһʯ쾪ÿһ·Ҫҿһ㣬еĿк
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һĹֱӽгѹƣǰĶϱۣڵѾǿ֧ţҵͷڵһѪԵôĿġ


714 𣬺˼һ
бˮƵֵزһΧֱȫˣرбˮһֻ۰龰
оˮĴʹõƺиͻ̫˵ˣرЩǰҵˣһɫ԰ֽ
ҵȻҲ⣬֮ϲǶˮźܴϣȻû뵽˾ϲĽ
ʱ򣬺ﰵһ˿֪һҪˣ֮ϲĽֻȻεĸо
Ծ¶һĨǻЦݣΧƺҲЦݸȾˣ¶һ˿⡣
ֶڲǰˮɱѾǺ˷ˣڸϲĸоԼҲˣҲˡ
µЩˣһſϲ飬ѾǱűľģ뺣ҹڵĽȴǴϣЩ뿪ҵ˴ʱһҪغҲûˡ

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һ
촸ʽֻǴʱáʹóƺǿֱһѾҡҡ׹ϣһƵľ죬ֶ
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ҵɫ£ˮصĻеĲϣֱӱıѿȥֻ¿һ󵭵ѪۺѪζ

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һԡĿǰˮʵ̫Ҫˣ˵һֻˮʹôӶʹһֵֻϽʵǾ䡣
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ʯһ㶼ڸɽϣһ׵羭ģһʯͷܲס׵ĻԱϱ꺮ʯʯͷҪҪ׵ųΪʯ
ʯγ̫ˣȻ˵һѣҲൽǶصαǺǿˣÿιеġ
еһֻ񶪽ɾõˮرˬȻĿⶢʣµˡ
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һʱ뿴ȻԣǴʣµ飬ʱˮͺˡ
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֪ˮΪɺѪģЩΪ˰ԼԼҲˣȻҪ뿪ˡ
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֪ԼĻˮԶģһʱˮദǿԸоܸоƺԼԼųԼ


715 𣬺˼
ǸŮӣˮʾһʵѾʲô˵ˣڵˮķӦԼȻʾûԼԼ˵Ҳֻ˫֮Ρ
ԥһᣬѡʿɶֹΪھȨˮС
ˮʱܳٶۣڣǱʶڲκŮˣûж룬Ҳϲ
ǱԼҲһ龰ҲǶԼмϾԼҲǰһæ
һʧ䣬ڻ޷ſʾûеֺزˮûбʾһ̶Ҳһ
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쿴ˮͺǿġ
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ˮҪýŶļǱܣһһҩʦǶڣǱ׷ġ
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716 ǿҩɽļ
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֮ɽ۵ʯɣһֻ֮ʹһȫʵЧɵӡ
սʹĿ괦ľ״̬ʱͶԷʵйأһӿʹһΡ
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ĶӰľˮûʲôΣϾʵôԲ̫ϣûܵõʲôǿĸս
һĶӰľ
ЧٶһһӣԺսӣһʱڣһĿ˺ӱ
ͣ
ջȻҲôǿʱٶһԺսҩصһѾǿˣοһ˺ӱǼ⣬նЧ
ЧӦúԼƵ࣬ˮǹͺͺģǸöһֻˣϾƻǲġ
ĶӰ󾧿ȻͶУڼҩΪǿͿҪˡ
ʱ䲻ˣˮǿĵҩڴ֮޷Ǿ֮;ƤѪǡ
ˮоκ˲ϹǿǿڳһǿһҪõҩЧԲͶҪ
ʱ仺ȥˮÿҪʱ䶼ҩϣȡհҩտЧ
һξһʱȥˣмˮһɾʱʱȥһʱˮ̽ȥҩҵ
񵤡㡢ĲûҩݾĿǰûãԴһЩϾûơ
λصۼʱԬҪһЩŵҩݣܽԼĺ֮ǣ絤嵤ȻǺʵõġ
һʮȥˣ

ֵˮ˷ޱȣŰƵ嵤꣬ô˵Ҳˡ
嵤һ꣬ˮͣȥһƳ嵤Ȳʶȥǿҩ
е澭ǿ֮һƿͷﵽһͿͷ
ˮ֪Чû뵽ʶлжһܣæ¿
ǿԿٵǿ
ǿҩ滨֮лнǧϵĹѪǧϵ֥ǧ»ǧϵıˮ۷弶ڵ۷弶޽۷弶Ѫ㡢ҡţݡǧݡͷʨӲݡǧϵͨݡɲݡǧϵ̫
۾һɨǿЧʵɵʮɣͬʱͨͻѨ
һˮҲǷѣôҩݣȻԼҵ룬滨ǧ»ţݡͷʨӲݡ⼸ֵ˵̫ҡ
ţݡͷʨӲЩһβݣ൱ϡ٣һЩˮ
۷ڵѪʲôȻͬѣٻŵҡҡͷ֪ǿҪʱˡ
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붽ǿһҩ顣
ʣ¼ǿʵҲĹˮ澭Ҳ֪٣綽ǿˮĻ𹥻ͻǿ
ԼĻʵһֲܿϧһ뵽ҩҪҩݺͲϾˮһܣֻѰһˡ

ڶˮĺ磬쾫ͷر㣬Ҫǡ񡱵ԭ򣬱Ͼʵһ˭ҲܿģҲЦѵġ

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ˮϲɽʱȻ˳Ȼͻˣͬͣ˶֪ʱĲɽʱȻͻˡ
ˮһˣ͵õǷֲģΪ˶оźܶ࣬øǿˣɽţΣҳһУһеơ
Ǻ³˫ˮĴ̫ȭþ̫ȭҲоһ
һᣬ˳һϵʱ䣬ѾˣˮĽҩ˻رЧģϵʵƻָĶر졣
ˣû˰ɡˮѾģֻһǳǳĺۼٹһʱӦþûˡ
ˣ㿴һҲûˡ仺ֱӰ쵽ˮǰЦ
ˮԼʾϲԼҲ֪ˣסѩ׵ֱ֣һ糤ķɫѪۣذµĺۼ
ΪԼµģˮĸţ䱻оϵһ˿ĸӦŪһ
ǰһںˮɽ΢΢İˣһ㴫ˮӡ
΢΢ͷˮһֻ֣ں뱧ˮ˵һȴҲڶϴӵΪǸϣֻһǱʶΪǸм͸ж
һȴôҲܿ죬ҿˮ
ˮЦЦû뵽֮ŮҲһ棬Ľӵһˮƽûһɫģһĭĸо
ıסˮҲһֱû˵ֻǱ˴˾ӵţű˴˵
ϲʲôˮһֱɻǰ˵ԼСƺûȤ
Ҳ֪ͻȻоǺϤϤϲһĸоҲ˵ָоǵһζһĸооϲ˵ǲ˵ֻһ𡭡˵С
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ԼҲֻǲźøжѣһĸо᲻̫ˣô˲ǵһζԲøС
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ˮЦŵͷ
ǺһĵطǱ磬ݡһжǱɣ˺ܶ࣬˶ϲȥο
һʱˮͺ䵽˱ǡ
ӳˮһţгǽһС͵ĳǳأҲбǣǺǵĸǣǵׯһǶС
Ŵڿҵɫر𹧾ǰҲһҹ֮úҵǡ
ĺںһҶҺˣ̻棬Ҳ޷ͺȡ
ʹˮ뿪ҲûйϵֻҪţʱ˸Ҷ


717 ҵ㣬̤Ϲ
أ磬˰ѩǱͱɽӨ͸ıˮڸ̾ȻôƯ˵Ļ᲻ỵڻ
ݣˣﲻʱĴĵЦһЩͯˤЦһˮҲƽ
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ÿ𣿡ˮЦǰŵסˮֺһֱûɿ
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ԭҲƭˡһ䣬ȴǺܿģˮһƬȺȥ
˱طƺ˲٣һƬ޵ȺӴС಻ʤɫ죬еֱ޵Ѫɡ
Щ޵Ҳȶɱ飬Ȼõʦе̴ĥڱϵ̵ѶȱһľͷʯͷʲôѶȻҪһ㣬ɹҪͲ١
ˮȫĵķɣõ飬ͺڱеı֡ɽȱĵطš
ϹŲõЦݣձͼѩиһ°ıˮΧ˵Ŀ⡣
Ҳ֪ˮ᲻ʱĿеͬʱҲǺܿģŮΪüݣǣˮϲͺܿˣ˲Ҫֻϲա
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ÿˮʱ򶼻΢΢ϲԹˮһۣˮֱʿˮ
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һξȥˣˮͺѱĵط˹䣬ľǱѩʲôģԱдԵĵط
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ȴѾ˺ľģˮ֪˵־ͻһֱԼҲΪŻܳء
ˮоԼߺҲͻԼҵԼ氮ֻܿԵˣϣҸΡ
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ˮóһãɺƤƳɣˮڱʱģЧȻͷ޷ȣҲһ⡣
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ϧٴλƫƧʵˮںЩǴ˳Ӯүʣˮ֪ûд
оҲãʡ鷳
סһϣڶԹ緹׼뿪ӮүӺӮһЩˣһֱˮɽ¡
ǿǺܿ죬ʹһξУֻһʱ͵ǿǣˮǿģ൱ǿسߺ¹ⱦЩǴ˵еĴڣˮر翵Ķ
мЩᵢڵڶʱָϵǿǣ뿪ҲŸո¡


718 صۼң
µʱˮ˵ʱ䲻ˣȻɾеʱ治һӰ쵽棬ϾҲʵĶȹôʱ䡣
ˮվۼſʱоֵиУΪȵˣſڵˮ󹧾ˮкˡ
ˮͷǿǵۼ룬ԼϣۼҡٴԼϵͬһ㣬ҩҲеϵʣµķɽׯͻֹһֱûлӴ
ˮû߶Զۼҵ˾ͳˣ۳͵Ҳڣرǵ۳ڿˮʱůЦˮֻصҵĸо
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ˮβס˷ܹâۼͬҲǣرǵۼСĵɺ͵ˮĿһֳݡ
ˮ֪ǵѾϾǿٿ鴫ٶǼµġ
кǺģǺļ壬ܱ߼Ǻܳģľǵһ壬һɱһʮ۷ǿߣȻ¹ȥ꣬һ˶Ǻ
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һ䣬ˮֹϷţֱһӰѵ۳ӵܽܽȻ˵Ҳ֪ôˣ
Ҳˮ˵ĻˣǺõһ仰۳Ҫģˮ
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ʵǺܶ˵е㣬Ů۳һ뵽ǰ˵Ļȿ

ţôˣ۳΢΢̧ͷˮ
㡭
۳֪˵ʲôһֱۺģʵѰԼˮŮˣˮ֪˵ʲôֻܻشܻ߳ĬѵͷӦ
ˮ̫ͷŵĴߣΪ۳΢΢ͷֻܲͷȥ
ϸĸоŵζָо˴Զ·飬һԵĸо
۳ҧĺܽ˫ۣ溬ߣˮ΢΢ĺסĴ˱§ĸ
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۳ˮһţûüͱˮͷ룬ˮ˱ŵ۳̴еҺ
һֻֽıŵ۳һֻֻ̽ߣĴˮѪţҲѷ仯øܵĵ۳ŵһҧסˮͷ
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˭Ҷֵġ۳ǸĿˮϾǰҧĺġ
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㻹Цô۳ҲǸоеⲻȥһеСܵΪҲġԼԿôֻҪֶܴӦ
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Ҫʲô۳ģˮһۡ
ĳŮرˣϲԹɫ
Ҫˮ˵һǰץץĶ˵ЩˮԼˡ
һһŮǰԼУŮغͰĽŮ֮һоһսѵʵľı仯
һˮȻ˺ܶ࣬˵۳еķᣬûᣬˣһŮҲԸ˰Ů˶ǵĤݵŮҲˮŬıԼԭõ۳ܵŮһ֮ͲײһЩ٩Ȥ
۳ҲǱˮĻлһ㶣رǸܹ죬ˮЦˣƺһҲǰ˴գˮҺ롭
۳û˵ߵֻ֣ЦЦĿˮ
㻹Ǻҷɣ
Ȼ۳ԲλĸоȻǿңǰȣˮƺźܶ࣬ڸĸ̾ԼȻӵŮӡ
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۳Ĵˮ֣
ˮȴһٴνסЦûУ
۳ˮûҶţĥˮо
룡
治룬ٲ롣ˮЦ
治룬ÿﶼܿ㣡
۳͵ˮһԾʹӵһܰŮ֮ʱһ仰ȴñ˴˼ﵽһ˵ľ硣


719 ҩڣԬյĽᣬ
׼һ£ǻݡˮŵ۳վڴǰĵ˵۳ĥһǷе˼Ҳõͣǰĺһڰѵ۳ȥ
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᲻е㲻뿪ˮŵ۳رԲ˳
ᣬ㲻Ҫҡ۳˵ȴƲͷˮǾӨĶѸٱеۺ졣
ôãҵĽޡˮġ

۳ֻ˽һԸԸ˽ᣬȻĸϣ뿪Ҷ꣬ʹ⿪ĽᣬҲСʱˡ
ڶˮȥҩ
ȴǷԬѾˣλ˸ˮҪĻȥҩڡ
ҩͬҲǿǣˮȥĻҲһᣬ˵ĻȥһΣԬ仰ǻԼųԼ
ҩڱϾǿĴɣ΢¾ŵҩڵķȥֻƾҲҵʱһƬڴׯһĵط֡
ˮ֪ǵҩڵĵطҩΪҪֲҩݣѡλɽˮ֣һƽԭ
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ҩڿ˵ǿԣһɣԵϵãϳǰû˻ﵤҩڣǿվεľǵҩˡ
ׯ԰Ĵſһ߲¶ʮˣͨŵһʯףׯ԰λñƽ߳ʮס
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ҩڵڲ൱ݻģǵҩϲסλãͨλˮоġ
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Ժе¥¥һ¥ҩڷԲﶼǵҩ㣬ҲˮҵԭʶоҩŨĵط
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ˮ߽СԺһȥһŨҩ㴫Уˮ֪ǻҩ㣬ҩݶ˾ͻҩ㡣
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ˮͷͽȥˣҲûпоԬƺѾ˺ܶ࣬˵һ׷Ρ
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ˮԲ𣡡Ԭʧ˵
ûʲôԲûϵģǻȥɣ
УҪȥɽеĶȻҺܡԬҧҧ촽˵
ˣ㻹ִô޷ˡˮƽЦЦתɽȥԬˮûʲôоҲԼеһˣûҲԼ֮оǸ硣
ԼӦлл


720 Ǳˣ
ȻˮԬգҲµѶȣе㲻ԬԼĺô޿ɹƵģҲȻˡ
ˮŸ㶫ѾҪˣķգˮѡ뿪ߵû˿ͣ
ѾԬյ;еһˣԼҲҲһˣǱ˴еĹ͡
ѡˣˮоҲõһֽ֡
ԬտˮʧӰһʱңźܿҪֵҩڣһ꣬ҡҡͷȻŻŵҩڷȥ

ˮûлصۼңԭȥ뿪ʱҪͶľˡүӻǧ𶨾˴к
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ˮŻٶҲǱǰ˺ܶ࣬ϾУеľҲûжʱ䡣
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ϵľſʱÿľ˪ţ֪黹ʲôľ˪еΡ
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ˮ֪⣬ϾԬղͬǿʵʵڵڹһܵ飬һԼ޷ܡ
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ҪȥǣҪͫǸһˮĺѸ٣ͫˮ񺣿ʲôȥңˮҲǺһΣľ¥Ժͫͺ֮ࡣ
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ģݴ½ǳƬ;ƶɣĪٶһļһֺսС
У߶ģУ˲佫ﵽһֱϵʮ֮⣬ǰһ߷ÿʹһΡ
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ڳȥ˲䣬ˮͰת۷壬ĵ۳ıסʵҲû飬ʹþеʱԶһ㻤֣ʹ֮˵ģִСˡ
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Ǹᣬˮڻϣ۳ˮϣˮƺϲճԼֻҪܱС
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ˮЩʱòã
۳ü΢ˮ˵
ԶԸ顣
ˮ˷㷢΢Цš


721 ҹѪֲĺѪ
һΰ¹ȥˣв֮һ·̣һ·ϾȻƽͻƺɢϢ޲һ·ϳЩȺȻˮֱӳȥ
ˮڵʵһֻǿƴһôʱĸ·ζޱȣ·;įиŮߣϻԼӣȴֻܿܳԡ
ˣȥԵ㶫ٸ·
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һͷֻżһЩȺͿзɹ޷ݣĽԶվһ˹¶ĸоҲǿˡϷɡɡ
ûˣûһ¶Ӧþڴԭϵˣһ˵Ĺ¶įįĸо
ˮ۳ǰȻڵֵزҲҲмҲܻأ칬ʱһЩػҲˡ
뵽һҶ裬Ҳǣʧȥ˫׺Ĳ׺ºʧȥ˫׺ڲһһ˫Ů֮һתƣҲּį˼
һҶԴӺҲˣˮĵľ˫֪ڵļǲѾȫָ
ÿ˶ԼĹȥˮһҲе֣ԼҲһѡ
ˮеˣ˵ˮ֮ӿȪ౨ǰǽˣˮŬһΣնǸоֵãĸԸ
óһŴƤڵϣ̺һԱߵϵĹţζ磡
ձɽɫװʱ᲻ʱĴһ޺𣬴ʱ͵۳ҲʼԷ
¶ĻҲرĲһٷʱʱ䣬Χ뵽ڵҹУֻһرۡ


ǺĽԶˮԶһ۳ֱȥ۳ʵǰҲˣûüӦͱˮסˡ
ԶĿгĺ㣬ܿԽԽͷС˵ΪĿʲô
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һ޼ʵĻԭܶ޷ܣѾʹˣʹֻܵڶˣڳɱֻܳŻ񴴳һѪ·ˣ봳ȥеѡ
ΪˮΪ׵һֻȫѪİҹѪʮ״СѪֻһˮҲܲµǰҹѪ
ʵңˮĶʵԵĵ۳ˮĺܻš
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722 ڣϹǿ۷
۳һһκˮ龰һξԼ壬رͷβ˵ĸ֡
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ʱͣеͼˮʹһ飬ȻܿƵʶŹϵһжȻȻ˼伫ˮٴγ
Ȼܿƣ۳ʱˮоҲѿˣٴ꽻ڣɫ˵ףҲһ㳬ףȴˮоʱԼͷˡ

λһŤ˳λ˻ڻϣ࣬ȥֻǴʱ˽һ
۳ƿˮߺһŽֱܿҲͼʮףοվ˵ĵطм׿ӡ
ˮЦʮĵ۳֪Ͼ飬˵ʵвû꽻ҲС񽻡ʵеĸʵ̡ܸ
оλе̩ˮ齻ڣˮʵٴδȻûͻƵ죬ȴǴﵽ۷壬ٶˮϲ񣬵ڻҪο۳
ߵ۳ߣӺ滹ܿ۳Ķͷ۾Ǻģס
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۳߷ߵıסˮͷס졣
ҲλУһҲûгʹһʼɣʴǵζˮУ˫еģȻﲻˮ齻ڡɵľ磬ˮ˵֪رΪ顣
úã˵˵ҲҪȥⱲҵŮˣ±ӣ±Զǡ
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ˮЦ֪ԺҲ׵ȥ룬˵һĸӦǳʱ룬Ҫȥ룬˿ѾģֻȫĵȥʱŻλеĸо۳Ҳָо
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룬롣
ˮε˵ʱоλΣ͵ץסһ
ˮһû˵ʲôһη̫ͻȻÿοˮе㲻Ȼ׵ˮǰ졣
ɫպڣǾȥһԭһ㣬ĵطٸ߳ǧס
ǰɫģֲҲرïʢǿ׳ˮ⿴ûиܵΣպ


723 ޴ĺôصңָ
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ǰʵٶȸϾ磬ڸоǾٶеǷȱˣˮ֪ʵ뵽һڣҪȶ绹硣
ȷе˵ˮľ粻ֻͣʵ̫죬ҪһЩʱɾʱҲ̫ġ

һºѾңңס۳һкֱӳݡ
һѾָˮʵһֱûʲô۳ҲſˣʵȻˮԽ졣
ˮӦʱ䣬Ը飬һˮ޳ܵΣϣĵ۳һҹûϢڶʱװʲôûз
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ֻǱʵǧͻƵǧٿˮ֪Ϊʲôоһʧ䣬Ͼǻ񣬶ҷʳǱѩʥ
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һ»ʵˮĵٶõһͬͬʱȷʵԷеľһ
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ˮ˫־ĿŶ˵ķӦǰˮҲԺҸùϵҲиӦϾһݵǰ£հ޵ĶˣǸڱһİûȥʱǿչһҲ䵽ǵزݵĳ衣
˷·ʶʲôˮһЦѩ׵ţƽʦҵˣǰȥ칬ҹֻڣǽˣܺþȻ
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Īǲӭʦңǿǻųǰġ
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һ˲ЩмϸֲˣϻЦ紺˵һ֮Щһеļ壬ŵȣͼĳҲʮλһ֮ߣЩĳ壬ʦҲǱ塣
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⻰ķԹأҵֱϵѾﵽż۷ʵǸŮܸȻǹҫޱȡ
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жԷ˵Ǵ˫ӭȢ˵˾ѣǶԷ˵ʲô鷳ȥƽʦңʱ˵ˮоȳ岻ʲôûʸԼǰô
֮ǿҲ֮ԼѾԷӳ֮Ҫǧһ֮ߣɵԷҲ̫ѵ顣
ˮžЦˣҲһϾԷŲڶʮλһ֮֮ʵ
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ˮŶԷѾЦݣȻԷûаҷûаҵ£ˮȻҲûбҪͶԷ
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ˮĻʦһ㶣Ҳһǰ˵ô޷ǾˮʶҺʦҵľ޴ࡣ
ܳϣʦɫеףҲѿʱѾʦƴƱʹʲô취Ҫɡ
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칬棬ˮз칬ʦϣҲǣֻҪʦԸ˲칬ҡ
ʦҲߣϾ˵ôȻ⵽ܾʶʱ˻ǵһμ
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һ춼ƽĶȹˮʵҲͦĵģˮ֪ʦҾԲ㳲ҲΪԼȡʱ䣬ʮλһ֮֮ģֿΣˮоһս֮Ľ
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ȥˣȻû˿ˮҲˣԼ̫ļˣݳǵƽ·̲ûôʱϹ˵ˮоһΣǸʦʦǰ˫ȥҲܽУʦҵ˲֪
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730 ֮ս
ʦٴˣˮԷڵʱҲƶԷѵô֪Լɱʦҵˣ
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һʵ꣬üĿվһ֮øУˮ¶Էʵܶ϶ʦƣʦ츳ڵˡ
λߣһֲϵϹŶһĵˣҲмˡ
ˮһ¶ԷʵЦˣͷǶ֮һ֮򿤵ʵ򿤵ʵһ֮һ㣬Ĳβ룬رǼ˶ʳмӦǸż˳ġ
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ʱˮţѸٵĳ˹ȥһԹսˮһļй
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ϾʵһӵĹͻԴɵƣǴӵҲرƣȻƾƣⴸӡִȱٶȻᱻ͡
ǰҲǱķɣԷˣʹҲ˺ǿǸʦصƣˮĶܻ˺ӳɵġ
ʦڸεѣ־һʼԼͷ˶ôһԼΪԷʵʵʮǧһʱͷӿͷ
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һֱŵһźֱߵʦȥˮȫһٶȺȻͬСɣǽԷǰ·ֱӷı䷽򣬶һǴΧĸı䡣
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ˮŭʱʩչİɱǾ˵ģʦܵǿµֻøı䷽ֻǵһı׼ٴǰʱǿµĺٴϮ
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¼絤֮ˮٶȳʦ̫࣬ҲΪٶȵʵ֮ľٶȣ絤ҩЧûиı䡣
ʦˮԼ˵м䣬ѾأԼ״̬ϵǰǿԸشסԼʲôϣҲûˡ

ʦſпһеѪɫٴγˮֻ֪һԼ뿪ʱ
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ߣҪͣϰʱ䣬Ȼᱻߵľ綾֮ġ
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ʦԽԽľʵɱЩһҲ֣ĿʦƣǰоˮǹʦƵġ
ˮҲ΢ЦſŴʱɫ԰׵ʦƣһֱˮҴӵûʲôøУѹˡ
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ˮҲһֱע˵Ķ߶ˮæóһ޾ǵľƬ
͵Ϯ˷ʤʱʹһЩƷٶȡ
ٴεõٶȵһЩӳɣˮҲһЩգֻʱޣҪսپ롣
ϧԵľûˣȻʹЧӦøã
ʱʦͺγɰ֮Ʊˮ

ĶӲӵˮߣҲôʱĽĶĳɵıҪǿһķҲԽйĿǰЧܲ
ˮ֪ϣʱԽԼԽԽԽߣɱеĿǺߡ
ɫΧˮͣתܿˮȫڵס
СĶ
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֪ĥһʱ䣬ѾʹˣҲˮĸһҪԭ
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ˮ嵲סһߵĹǽѾ̴˱Ե壬ʣµǸ볷˵ʱȴǷֲһ
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ϧʹõҪһ㣬Ҫʹǰôһ񳤵ʱ䣬ʹüֱǾɱһˮúɱʦ˾Ӱɱһηöˮļޡ
ÿֻʹһε廻ȡ۷Ӧûֵðɣ
ˮЦźԼĳɹ
Ҫ֪ߵʵǳʦǿģϧˮһ֮ʵѾֻжǣˮɱ֮߻Ǻ׵ģοˮϵĿźܶศġ
Ѿ㿪ʦͿĲѪ˫۴ʱѪ죬ʦǿѾһˡ


739 ɱıĹ
ԶʣµˣʦڣÿɫˣʦƣѾˮΧ˹ȥϧÿ˶
ķչѾȫǵ˭֪һ˵õȮ죬ǰ˼ǵõ֮ˡ
Ҫʦҵ˾ͺˡ
ʦͿˮٿԶɫ԰׵ʦƣʦҵźЬ䡭

ˮųԼȥʣµЩ˶ڶǣһѾһǰ롣

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ȻǿɿڶԷǿԼİѴЧӰҪľ̻Ҫһʱ䣬ʱ㹻ԷɱԼΡ
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ȥˮǰǹòźöҲҪҲ飬Ҫ֪ծ޼۵ġ
ǼֻƽӥڵʲôĶŪ˳ģˣԺеǻᡣ
ˮû뿪ǻصʦҸԶԶĿʦΧܱߵһУʦصĳң壬˿ڱͲǺܶ࣬ϴȻɱ٣Ҳܳȥģˮǲǲǻʦҵ˳סȡʦҵıء
ҲûбأˮоеϧԾϼ죬ܵõʦµĶһԼߺܶ鷳·


740 ʦҵıأҵҰ
ˮʦҸһλţ׼ϼ죬ܲܵõʦҵıء
עʲôҲǺĵģҪõ˵ĸʲô֪Ѿ
ʦһƬ棬ΧҲһʲôǺͻأģˮСɽһһ߼ʦҵĶ
ˮѽɾʱ任ɰ죬Ϊоֻϵʱпܿʦҵ˳֡
һȥˣһ񣬲ˮоôɵľһǵ졢ʮ¿ʦҵ˳Ҳ
ڶˮһֱʱŽɾȥϢһֱ˯ſʼôһǿҵսȻûľ̤ͻƵԲ硣
һεսˮʶණرսʶߣо⾳սʱԸõ̹Ȼ治ɫ
ˮ˶ǿһûʶˮûκʤģԺúöǿ֮
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սʤʦңҵˣֻҪԼû˸ȥңֻҵʵ̫ҲͬʦҵʵǸöá
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һȥˣûз˿ˮ뵽ûиоôʧ䣬ֻǸоеϧԼûʱô
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Ѿǵڰ˴ˣˮҲľˣΪǰߴζûκν·һЩС
ȻܷŹˮɫչٶѸٸϣȻԶԶĸţʱˮſԷǸߣֻһȵȴٶȺܿ죬һֻ֣һĺҹԵرͻأ
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һֱʦҷ棬ͣºҿȻʦһ޴˹ȥ

ˮƺץסʲôֻóһűˮ˺ˮУˮûиţǾĿţȻʶӦ
û˴ӺȻֿտգȴǿޱȣˮɾзʮռʦЩ˵ģֻһֱûд򿪣ǲ룬ˡ
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ʦǿ󼸸ߵĿռоǱٲˣһ˵ĺöǻϴţΪĳЩ¿ó
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֪ôˣұƽĵһңǺʦҰǱȥȻǱϲ˵һֱʦһܿİɡ
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һ㶣æȥûгȥֻǿʦԿҪشŵʱ̲ס½ȥȻĸſڡ
ʦ貿Է׷ҲϰγԿֱͨȥȻҲֻԥһ¾͸ϣ޷ͣرҵһЩء
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˸һѸٵƶһ˵
ʦҵıûдôҲǳԸɷģһǲҪƽĵһңҪʦҵıҸһ̨ס
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˵óһѴ󹭣ߣӣ󣬽ųֻ׳ںڼ֦
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ʦĶ㿪Ťͷʱ˿ͷ󺹵ӣǰҲƽ
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˸ϵʱͣסˣһһţʦѾˣһķ䣬ǰĿƷ
رң


741 ʶޣ
Ȼ˱صȴԥˣܸо˵ıвɱԥʱǱһǿǲɿܵĳ˲رҡ
ͨĹʯһرǵ֪ʲôϵĴŽĺϡ
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ʦ貣ͳװʲô͡
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˭ϲԼɵһƭʦرķŭҪǶ
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ʣµĸſڼֱתȦˮ΢ԶĵطעһУڲȿһᱻʦ浽˵
ˮʦ貴ͨ߳Цˣǰļ˲Ҳˡ
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ˮһһҪ֣ʦҵĲرҲȥȴʱģˮҲ²ҵǲǻš
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ֻǻûļĵһ³˿ץסҲǸ⣬ǰȲѷ˳Ҫʳ
ûɱʶ޵Ķ޵ٶȻϾǶħĴڣ۷嶼ܲ˵ĶЩʵܿܵġ


742 ϲޣ绢
ֻ˲Ĺ޾ͰʣµȫɱʶˮҲر
뵽ԼʵҲʶ޵ģɾеǲݣŵľʶֶһ㶼ǲϣҪ䲻㣬ǰֻޣһֻľ綾ޡ
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ˮԼĿ쳣״̬Ĺȫ𣬸Ƿ嵤ó޳˹ȥ

ˮ־Ȼ϶Էٶȣóһż絤£ŻصƲϵĴ£ɽȶҡΡ
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ܿһڴ֮޳£һ˲ˮܵһĸо·֮һָӦ

ĸоٿһɫƯСʱоԽԽ˳ۣⶫһǶܡ
ˮƵʱͻȻһϹͻƣܵǶԷϵĶƺ׿ˣҺԼ֮ĸоò׺ͺܶ࣬ƺԼĶˣӦ˵Լˡ
ˮֱ֣ˮϣߴ󻹿ԱţӴ˲䣬Ļ£ϾǿµĶޣԼĿҲ׳ԡ
СԺҳĺġ
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ɵ޸о⼸ĵȴǺֵģֻƾһֻ޾ͿԶʦҵбء
ϾرеĶҲֻһ㲻ڲرУα
ˮڲرеĶڷûжôƺ滹գʦѾˣˮǽȥ
ˮŽнɾȻɹˣһˣӦԭ򣬱ϾӦúܵЧưɡ
ϸ˵ΪˮĻ¯֮Լˮʵԭ
ٻóԪԵһӲʵݹӡӵȶһݣˮܸܵ޵Ļãʵݹӵûı̬ȻǸǿĹЧˮоҲôϡС
һĥСʱȥˣʱŴʦҵıزشȥ
ˮСģر֮һ㶼Żʲôģˮʵת۷壬ǽֵطĻһ㶼Ϊࡣ
ˮͨȥתˮһķ䣬ǲ֪ĽųţӲӵĶɢĹâ˷䡣
ˮˣˣڵļը˷ѣѪɫġ

ʱһǿˮȻԼסˮֱӴɾ
һֱһųָƽǴѾסˮҿȴǷɽҲҲɽˮҲҳѹ
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ݡ
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߽ңˮһ߽ĲرңѾҵˣټĸҲӦˡ
ССƽϲԻˣϧʦҾͲ̫ԶˣҶˡ
رн֮Ҳ٣һʽеĻƽӣƽܣʯ̨
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743 صңһ
ռȥʦҵıһǲСģϧղزǺܶ࣬ǻصƽʱ䲻ɡ
ҪһЩʯͷ޵ڵˮĵǾȻһЩ۷弶޹ѪҺʲôģһ۷޵һЩҵˡ
һʼһûеڶˣһҲǴһˮ֪Ҫʱܽ
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һλȥֻһʱ䣬ˮһƬʱǸо٣֪û¡
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Ҫ֪Էǳ壬ĳҲһңɼǳˮʤˣҵĵλˮ칬棬칬ԴȵϧҺ칬ʵ̫ˮڰȫˣǷչˡ
ˮСһȻʼˣõȫ˳ѾǴȥˣϺ˶칬ˮզȼ˻ҡ
ϴ˻ص칬ؽؽ˾Щ칬µĲʮ֮һˣЩ칬칬꣬칬Ҫۡ
ϿһƬ칬Ʋס£칬ĹŵҲǼǧˣȴȫ١
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˫һ䣬ˮһ£ˮҲͼüܣοΧкܶ㣬ûƺҲԡ
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ʱһΣǰ¹ȥˣѾ½ãѾװ޺ãʲôոµģֻҪ˹ȥͺá
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һᣬ׺µ˻𶼳ˣŮЦű׼ڣ壬ת۾Ŀޱȡ


744 꺮ţݡ̫
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ʵǴʹҲȻΪŬΪ㲻ǿ˺ͼ壬ΪһǿģССݳбǿġ
ЩҺɣ濴Ʒޣ˭֪ڲìأϲʱҪ»߰ɱͬʱҪŷѡ
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Сһ꣬ʲô棬ԿܶණǴĻͣŽ㣬һ·϶ˮͣĺţãСӿʲôҲһ͹ˡ

ˮһؼҵˣʲôƺǲˣԿ϶ؼҵˣϸһ룬òû˵
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ˮȻǵ棬ȴǼǲˡ
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ˮԱԷãϲֳãһ̶Ҳãֻֽлﻥ˫еһȿʼЩ飬ȻŻһζˮ˵ֻ֣ǿôˡ
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ռǷ˼ƿ޵ֺǿ󣬹ЧҲУ΢޵ĳɳͶսĸá
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ĶҲԣһЩҩҩݣˮû̫ãԸʹá

޵ı仯ҲǾ޴ģѾ״СʵҲǷˮ֪Ҫ޲սҪһЩʱ䡣
ѾҪˣһ˻ЦڴһЩҳˮЦŴк
СһҲܲˮʱ»϶Ҫǡ
֮ʲôˮѾСһãǴɷӣ΢ϴӾãǵСԡ
תۼ굽ˣǴʮһһ죬˻Ǹ˶ǼҼҰϲޱȣһ굽ͷˣֻҪͣϢĶͣ׼ЩóԵġ
һʱͿʼˣ̻һնѤʣá
ˮ㿴Ư
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ҺĬİʱͼŮӣһҶҲˮӣһŮˮӣֻˮһҶ֪еԭ
׺Ȼ˵ˣ˶õģ¸¥ͻҲ֪ˮӣ¸¥ҵʱҶ֪ǴһСŮˮģֻǾЩ궼ǺǿŮӡ
ѵҲ֪ˮģСʱҲ£Ȼ̷ҵ飬֮ѡˣΪϲףȥһʼ䣬Ϊ׶ãˮŮοһʵļҲǲ壬ѡȥ׷ʡ
˫ʧʱ϶µŮһʱ䳤ˣѾûһ˵˫ˡ
ˮ֣ΪϲҲܸܵҲϲԼˮŹҲŹоԼܸҸ
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Сˣ㲻ĽϺ𡣡
ˮЦסҪӵĻ


ھž հޣޡ


745 ʮֻɵİ
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ˮ֪Ȼÿ˵ĳҪԼ֮кˮҲĪϵʹѾǳˡ
ˮû֪ͨˣֻ칬һЩˣһȴ˺ܶˣ˺ܶгʱȴûôˣˮоһκϴйϵΪһ֪ԼĺѾʼгˣѵĳǲ
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칬ˣֻǱǰСһ࣬칬ҲٵʮˣˮǺ£Ӵ˿ھǸοھڶ࣬ݣûǸɡ칬Ӵ
ˮ칬ʱΪɶ˵ģھͼ칬һˮ͸칬ʣµȫԺϴĶ˲ſսȡǰƶȡ
һ˾ųɶ˿ڣڹϺ϶ǿԵõߣ칬ŵÿֻˡ

ʱˮ˲ٵĻԪʲôģ˵Ļûֵõ٣ǰʮռָǡ
Ǻϵ˷ϣֻǳԲģȻӵʵ࣬еһмʱ䳤ˣͻ־˵Ч
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ˣӦӹؼҵʱˣˮû뵽ˮﻹǺܿĵģٶԷг⡣

ˮ俪ĵ˼
ʱ䵽𣿡
ˮЦӭ칬İɽҾ˲Զ


746 ׼ǰհޣǿһҶ
ٴˮǰؼңȻһͬǰҲر˳ˮǰȴ˴һҲ뵽ΪʲôؼүӰѼ֮λ䣬ԭˮԭ
ˮֻ¶棬һʱ䵽үǼһûз뿪Ҳ˸оˮΪġ
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֪Ѿһµµף칬ҲѾ죬ĴڻмŮԼʵˮܰˡ
һֻɵڷʳԪȵҩʱͻƵշԾͷҲɵ֮һɫƤëʸУٶҲ
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ҵʱöʮ̤ʨ룬ѾʮȥˣھʨӦûֳܶ࣬޷󡣡
ˮһҾѾˣʨʵһһʵ
Щ궼ˣԺãҲںȼʮ꣬οʵӦòûȥðգĺǰʨ롣
Ŀˮ˵
ţǵģһҪ̤ʨ롣
ˮ뵽ڰͰﾭγԼˮ֮еʱԼ˶Լġ
ˮΪһֵõ飬¾ǡȻ̫ѣȴ谭ˮĽŲֻҪʱ᳤һ㡭
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Сүү֪ѣүү˭ܣһʹ˵ʹǧиʹǿӣΨһĺӣ˭ףִɱܣɾûʵŪڹ֮䣬ԼܵһʹֻöԷһʱӡ
ԼҲһ̤϶壬յļǧУӦðȫܽͷ֮ޣΪͻѾ¶ɣ֮ɫ
֪иһ˿Ѫ죬䣬ж᲻ᵯֻδĴ
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ˮһ뿪·ҪСģĿǰ޷ԽƳ٣νֻлŲлᡣ
һҶվɽˮƽ˵
֪衭
ˮһʱ䲻֪˵ʲôһҶѾܳʱˣǰһֱ콣ڣԴڰԼһֱԼ֮ĹϵһֱһֵĵλС
ʲô˵𣿡
һҶ迴ˮԥͷ
ˮҲ֪ΪʲôһҶҲǺܲף޼ƺҲòǣˮһ˶ˣһҶأ
һôһܿࡢܿ࡭
ˮһҶۣԾĽסǵһκǵĽӴûпܣˮţܵˮеĲԼϧ
裬һˣҿΪʲô飬ʲôһҪ˵ôʱҶ㲻ġˮ˵
ûУǽоõ飬Һܿġ
һҶ̾Цֻıˮ뿪ˮĻ

ˮҪҪҸһȥ
۳ˮЦ
ƮڻҪά֡
ˮһѽ۳ᱧԼǰ˫ȷŵǰĲ輸ϡ

۳һ䣬ҲΪˮҪ뿪ˣİ׿ˮǰ
ҶҪˣһԸ
ˮЦŻľɫЦ
۳ˣԴϴγ޵ݵλ֮Ĺϵһͻƺܶ࣬ǰѷֹϡ
ʲôԸ
۳֪ûк£˳˵ģҪ뿪ˣʦҵҲ˺ܶࡣ
ң
ˮЦſŵ۳
۳̧ͷԥ£ȻһĿˮֻ۾ˡ
ϴĴĶĸоֱסСڣһ̰ǣɿʱǽ촽һ㵭ķۺ졣


747 ŮУٻ֮壬ǰհ
ˮһֱһӣǷ۵գСһ￩ЦͣȻ׺½ӹ𣬺ˮһ˱һӣʲôҲ˵СӲͣȥקԷĶ䣬һˮ֪ʲô֣֮żͲ׺ĿӴܰۡ
Ͳ׺֮Ҳͻߴ˷䣬Ҳû뵽һξӣҺӳʱͻʵҪһؿڡ
Ͳ׺֮ǰһֱû˴֮Ĺϵͻ˵ˮȴǰݣʱѾûܵԼİѾ˺ӣǼˮеʱ䶼

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ˣʲô
ˮɻʵ
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¸¥̧ͷˮ˵ɬǶׯرΨرüɰƽޣǶׯϢ˼ںϡ
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ˮԭת˼ȦЦҲܿĵģ֪¸¥һֱԼӣʵˮҲΪûԼĺˮоܽԼϾģֻкԼ˺ӲǺԼϵһ
Ǹĸ֮ŦάŮ֮һҪĴڣǰûкӵķĸҪĶ࣬Ϊûи˺Ů֮ĸҲᷢ΢ĸоĳ̶ȣ֮ǰı˴֮İǲһģޣʱ䳤˻ᵭ鲻ͬ
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ҾںӳǰֻʱҪˡ
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ÿÿҼÿģô᲻Ҫأ˭ҪҺƴ
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ʦװץһͷȻ󻷹ˮһֻץסڱˮȻǰᣬ˵ڵͦˮ·ˮһİ
޵ŮΪԼĴŽᣬˮһ˵ĸоӿͷԼһŮˡ
ˮһѽסȥһʦװæ˵ܣôҰ
ôˣǸˣ
ˮʦװƺĲãɻʵ
һĺӡ
ʦװߵ̧ͷ
һŮ˸Լ˵⻰ˮﻹǺܿģϾҲҪкӵģǵкҲոպá
Ϊʲô˵
ˮǰڴǰ㶣ʱӦ¡
ġ
㲻˵ҹģôҪ鶼˵
ˮڴЦ
ţ֪ˡ
ʦװ΢Цſˮǵ΢ЦҸĸо

ˮڻͲ׺µķסģ
ڶ磬ˮͲĻз޼׹׼ǰհޣҵ˻칬ĸԼ˶͡
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˫ЦŶˮ
ˮЦһѱסˣϢ˵˫ҵŮˣⱲܣ±ӣ±Ҳܡ
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˫ˮҲ˵ȴǺˣҲΪֱڼҲˡ
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ˮӵһǷģȻ˻ָͲļ˵˻񣬽ķɳ˵Ұ

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˭Ҳûȥհޣڶڴ½ĵλǺ˽ģȸϵհ˵ʱڴ塣
ԶӦú׵ҵΨһ˵ĵǶʵϣԷҪ̫ǿ
ˮޣʳԪʲôģڵʵ֮ǰǿˣˮо˲١
ϧвˣˮоͦƵģ·ĹǿģοôԶ·̡
һ·̻ǱȽϰȫģûʲô͵޺Ⱥ
ˮǵհѰҶ𣿡
ˮ˵
ν֪֪˰սʤȵﰲʱҪϾģֱӴ˻ɡ
ˮ˵ԻһİѶ˵ԷĺǿǾֻܻȥȼһҲ
ţϣһ˳
̾˵
޼ûô˵ǿԿе㼤һ˵Ȳѹֵ̫ˡ

ٻȣ
Ӷˡ
һ׷ͯյ΢Цߵݺߡ
ǰٻȣʻЩʻޱȣкܶ඼Ǿ綾ݺվڻٻһ
ʦˣû
ݺŰٻЦ˵
Ѿͷƭʦ˼ѾԹ
̾˵
ˣôҲҪκʩᣬҲܣԸԶĵס
ݺ̾˵
꣬İٻҲôˣʱӹܰٻȣͿԴٻȳھݴ½ðٻյĻԻ֡
ſĵ˵
ʦʧٻǳɣ𣿡
ݺӿŰٻŵʵ
ܣѵһİٻ֮壬ٻΪģٻ֮һݣٻҲᱻ˽֪
ٻ˵
ݺӵȭͷ𣺡꣬ҾͿȥ𡭡

¾ݱǱʥݣݣհޣǶʤݣмݣţݣݣϵķݣϵ嫺ݡ
ˮݣȥݣǰհޣˮȥĵݣݺ嫣ˮӰ֪̤ܲݡ


748 Ԫ¥̨ӣ
º
һ·ºհѾңң⻹ǻٶȴģȻҪʱ
ԽԽůֲͣҲԽԽïܣһ·ϵҲûʲô鷳Ͼߵз·ҲǾߵġ
µʱ䣬·Ϣˮ˳󲿷ֵʱ䶼ڿУеʱ߿ʲôġ
ûеհˮ͸ܵһϢҪǿϲ٣˵հ޶ʢҩݺޣƤҲãݳŮġ
оҲȽϳ٣ͳٴеһȣհӵĳ̶ȱҲʶá
үӣڵˡ
ˮָԶѾԿհŲЦ
ţȻǲߵ·ͷԶһΣû뵽һһհޡ
Ǻǣʵ¾ȥÿһݿһǿԵģҪÿһ̤Ѷˣлһү̤ݡˮǺЦ
ã仰ҾͺܿˣˣʲôںˣϣһӣӣҿСһ񿴵˲׺ҵǸӡĴʱƽ˵
үӣȥˣ׺ǰĺӣŮǴˡ
ˮ仰
֪ҺοҲˣ׺ȷǰ½㡣
ĺǺЦ
ڵͽܣ׹Ҳڵͽܣ޼ڵӣ޼ǲĵͽܣʦͽʦ縸
ڻϼ˹ϵʵҲˣοˮǸ֮ˣѲ࣬ϧЩˣԻᾡԼάȻͲհˡ
ڶŴ۴˵鶼Ҫ֣ȻԼܰ쵽£ΪԼûʸȥ̫˻ҪԼĴڡ
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հԵһǣǽرĸߴرĶ࣬еķҲǲϵĴ󣬲ʱ߿޺
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ľرӣңɱԽֱӳȥ˻Ҷǻǿ󣬻оðһģϾԽҵĵطǮ׬ġ
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ˮЦˣﶼף˺Ů˹ɣܶзֹö֮γһֲĵĹ涨
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ˮڶ߿߻λãʾһ¼ȻǱ£ȻЦƲ˺;ƣõġ
ţõģλԵȡ
뿪ˮȴǲɫĹ۲Χ̫ԶںȾƳԷߣʵģҲʼģǸܵ۷ߡ
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ݵæ˵
Ϻ˛˵̨ˣ򵽾̨֮
˵
̨֮ʲô
ɻļʵ
˵һ֮Ļ棬ԷһеģаĶԸĴѾ򶾲֮壬֮Ҳ˵ǿ̨൱ڷģٶȾݾ˵ǶģŲ̨ʵļ
۷Ź˵
ˮҲһԷ˵ģԼһѾˬˣ
ˮ뵽̨ʲôˣ̨ǳ𣿺˶ͦ˵ģǰᵽŮ˵ױȡ
ʱŮӶŷˡ˹ǰǸҲ˹һЩ͸ˡ
ˮ򿪾ƣľһ滨ƵģҲ׾ͽ滨㣬ȴԶƾơ
һ򿪾һر滨㴫ӣٶʮĴ𣬶ˮ˵ʮҲʲôڱ˵ǿӡ


749 滨ƣֵŮ
ݴ½¶ֲҩݣһֺҲǺĶЩֲ¶죬ֶȴֻĴţԾݴ½Ҽһ϶ڵؽѻߵҴžƣÿһţͬҲõһЩ汲µģγһѭ
һ˵һ룺ǳ滨ƣƾô
ˮЦŶ룬ǶĴյߣȻĺһڣˮĸо㣬ֺ󴽳ĸо
ˮѡھ¥ϣܶһЩհ޵ºһЩ飬Ͼǵһزûʶˡ
Ȼ֪Ǹڲհ޵ݳǣһǿʵͻݳǡ
ݱߵĳһǲųǿĴڣЩǿĴҲֻǴһЩ߷֧
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ĶˮСģҲ֪ˮǳȥ̽ѰϢȥˣҲģô˵ˮʵԱûκ⡣
ˣݱ߳Ƕǲҹǣʵݴ½ҹǺܶ࣬Ͼʯ۶ҶʱܳĶǲҹǣϾչһ㡣
¹ˮǵ㣬ڹʯĹ£ˮİĳУ˵ϼįҲ˵Ϲ¶ȴӰµĸо
һʱ䣬ˮ̧ͷǰһ㳡ʱ仹磬㳡е˺ܶ࣬ٽУӵһ㡣
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ҲҪһܵģ֪ˣһĵġ
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ߣԵ㶫ҳէǽСѣԷΪɡ
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ˮûж˵ʲôЦԷ
ΧֵĿˮˮûаΧĿϣǰѾͷǴ˼ҵŮһ˼Ҽʹòȴʡ
Ůû˵ʲôԵĲ죬ȻһţˮоԼ뷨ˮϵȼҲˡ
Ů˲٣ǶˣΪϧܵͣˮƷǰǴܳ뷨
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ˮ˼ˣƾǰһ۾֪è壬ƺܹ˼ᵽ㡣
岻ˣӦҲܿհް£ʲôҿ԰͵
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ŮˮĻԵһ𣬻ɫƺرһСͨ죬һʱ侹Ȼû˵
ˣһֱŻȥڻˣ
Ľ̫ǿˮû˵ֻ΢Цſ
ɲҵǣ
Ůԥ˰Ż˵
ԣֻ岻֪·Ҳ֪֪֪ŷ򣬲Ȼֻܴ
ˮ˵ĵʵ
Ůһ㶣ˮƺҪˮ˵ǲʵ
֪ŵķ򣬵֪λá
ŮЦˮ˵ųļ
ˮŮ˸䣬ȥϢˣˮǻصԼķ䣬Ȼɾ
ˮоŮû˵ʵԼˮЦۣˮ֪ʲôŮ䵽ͷ͵ӵĵز
ˮŮͻȥȻܴŮõһЩԼҪǣˮоӦòŮҪȥĵطûȫԼ
ԼʱûĿģʹɣʱһԼģϣʱܵõһЩհ޵Ϣ
ǰھ¥֪һ̨Ӻ̨ңƺһرǿĴڣ


750 ɱССĲ
ڶжһƯŮˮܸĵˣŮ˵ҶȻˮΪʲôҪһŮЦźŮ˵ʳʶ̡
ҲǲĳĴ飬ŮƺرϵЦҲ˺ܶ࣬ˮԿŮ·һ
үүݾԶﶼʲô𣿡
Ůһ·϶ǺͲ죬ʶġ
ˮֻЦѾͷúܣ̸ͨҲ֪һƬˣһ˾꣬տʼеǮƼһЩΣҲһЩӣ䵽ز
Ϊʲôᵽĵز˵ˮҲûʣʱҲ֪ȥɴؼҲá
үүƭǣǰҷ°ɣȻҲ߲
ɳûжʱŮͻȻ˵
ˮЦˣŮǸŮһẦԼһˡ
Ѿͷ֪й²˵Ҳûб˵ڿ˵ܰĻһġ
ƽЦ
ǰˮѾҶ֮ķ鶼˵ˣʲô֪鷳Ҫܲܰæ
Ǳӵģˣһزȥǲһȥ˳ǰѸ·ڶˣֻҲҶѣһᱻǷ֣ẦǵģǺˣҷˣ߰ɡ
Ҷ˵˵κ
Ȼ˵ļ򵥣ˮһЩõĶҲǼ򵥵ŮѴòҲǾ˱꼰ĳ㡣
֪ܲܰϸ˵Ҳܰﵽ㡣
ˮԥһ˵˳治һ鷳ˣŮ޿¿뵽˵ʱ࣬ˮˡ
Ҷˮ˫ϵʱͷҲǵģǰƭǣһġϺǵҶˣҶҽ㵱ңѽǲǽ֣ԾǵҰ͵͵ҪЮ㣬ǰӵǣֻó͵ﵽһоȻԪǣԷѾ֪Сϲҹţǲ޳ʲôģԾꡣ
ϺǵҶңǵңǡԪǣԪˣԪհ޵ϺˮҲоϱһ
һ֮࣬һʲôŮȥȷףοֻˮڲôģΪԷʵԲᳬҶңȻĵַ
оôԶ˾ϳ̫ԶǾûκ⣬ֻҪҶ͵ҶңҾҪù
Һǿ𣿡ˮ΢ЦʵˮҲûôļ֣ҲŮǰԼ
Ҳ̫ƺ½㡣Ů˵
𣿡ˮŮʵ
ҽ˵ģϺҽҲǺġҶʵ
̨֪ˮһʱҲ˱Ƚϡ
̨ң̨û˲֪հϱһ˻϶֪˵֮ɵŮӡҶˮЦ
˭ˮʵ
ҶұȲ̨ңų̂ӣҽҲǿˡҶ΢Ц˵
ˮЦˣϺǣ˭ǾֱӿˣϺҪ˵ûǡ
ҶȴסˣΪ˵ˣԷҪһʱоܲʵΪ¸ƲԼġ
ȦѸٱ죬Ŀˮ˵ֻۿת
ôֿˣȥ㣬㲻𣿡
ˮСԴ
ô᲻㣬ÿ춼ʹ뿴㱧޲̾͵ߣÿ춼ּ尾С
лл塣
Ҷסˮ˵߬ˮֽģܵһ
ԪǵĳҪˣǲܳŵƵģʱƺѸٵֻС͵ķС
ӥ
壬ˣֻӥϵ˾ҵˣô죿
Ҷһʱȹϵϣɫ԰ס
ˮ뿪Ц˵͹ȥǮȴǲˣ߬Լ֣£ڣ˭Ҳ㡣
ˮһκ壬Լڵ䣬òƺҲΪοԼڶԳˡ
ֻӥվĸӣһҶ¶Цݣֻǿ񿥾޴Ļļʱܿüͷ
λ
һ΢ЦŹ˵
һֻӥȴѸٵ뿪
ˮɫĿŶʣµˣǰɣͬȥȱ˰ɡ
ҲûдС֣ϾҶǣ֪ԼˣæЦˣǣ
˭ΪʲôҪסǵȥ·ΪҺ۸ˮζЦ
Ҳңλ֪ԱߵλСʲôϵæ˵¡
ôҪֶŮ⣿ˮȻߡ
ֶŮʱԶһֿһֻ޴ĳѪվһӲʵߡ
һȻϣǹϢûбĥƽˮ߾Цˡ
˭ʵֻ
ʵھֻҪʵҲᱸ𾴣οҲɵģֻʵˮһ
ҵ˻Ԫǵˣ
ˮʵͬʱĽѹƹȥ
Ͼէˮ̫ۣԾԲֵɵ;֡
˻ԪǵˣǸŮҷ뿪
߿ˮǿӲ˵
ˮһ㶣ƺûע⵽ԼԼ̫ˣĵ˻治С
ڻ񣬺ÿõ޶ˣĵ˵ʵֱѡӻ񣬻ˮҲǱӡ

ÿ
ˮ÷ϻֱŶߺһ
ˮһô۵ˣѵܲɢϢԴ
壬Ԫǲ̼ҵˣԪǵļ֮һҵĺôɡʱҶС˵
ˮҡҡͷԽƫƫͶ㲻հޣɱҲûʲô
СԪ㻹ǵһ˵֪
߻еһѳֱӳ˹ȥ
ߵľٶˮⲻ𣬶ˮҲڶ˵ʲôһڴһ
ͣ
ˮ׵ֱӾֹߵüĲһ룬Ŵ糤ֱӽߵԴ͸ͷ¶һЩ


751 ǣ
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ˮӣֱӵȻһչ˫Ϸķȥ˲ʧԶ
Ҷһֱץˮ䣬С˷ܵͨ죬Ϊ֪һҶˣ˺ܶˣûһ˻Ҳ뺦ˣԼӲȥԪǱ꣬뿪㵽ڲҪˡ
ˣʲôӣϵʹ˼
֪˿԰ˣ˷ܵһʱ䲻֪룬ֻ֪ץˮ
ٶȺܿ죬ڻϵļ˱мĸ߹ǵţϻķеڵλòܵķǺֲܿģˮҶҲû⡣
ˮɱ𼶱߻ǿͶ֮οֻǸߡ
û׷ٶȻǿԵģˮҲ£հ޵棬ȥհ޵档
ͨκһЩĴţհԽʵԽǿǿϺһݣԽʵԽҲһ֮һ
ˮһҲģԪǵĲ̼ӦҲôǸоƷܲɱҲɱˡ
үү塭ллǡ
Ҷż˵л˲棬ǰû㼤
ôֿˣ
ˮæȰ
ǳ˽֮õˡ
Ҷ˵
ǣ
·ǵʱҶˮǣˮͣģǺ;Ե㶫ϴϴ軻·
Ϊһģźܾǰǰﻻһֻ޾ͷǣֻǺͷˣͷϵһݱһ񽳵õ˰ʱһذֻذ˭϶ֵ֪
ˮ뵽ҲѣǾݴ½ĶΪûκƣαʹƣˮõҪǧʵʹá
ãһǿãһʱ䴦ھԷ״̬ʱӹȻӵи޶ȣҲ۷۷µʵҲԷǿĹӵһͨͨҲɱ۷µߣȻ״̬£״̬ʧ󻹻Ϊͨˡ
ذҲһǿĴڣϧ֪˭УϾԶʵ̫ȱˣһ֮Ҳ˭ӵ
̨ҵǸŮƺõһˮ붼оǸŮˣһ̨ٴǿܶࡣ
ǺԪǱȾԵݻһ㣬һַ糾ζܸܵհ޵֮еһжƺһԡ
жʲôųĵط𣿡ˮ˼Ҿ¥Էʱʵ
Ҳ죬ᵽǶɽﴫ˵Ǿͷĵط˵ʬ׾ɽСҶЦڵƺҲʵĺܶࡣ
ŶɽˮЦˣҲ̫Ϥˣ̫ɺˣֻǺǰɽûκϵ
ţҪȥ㿴Ǹߵľǡ͸¥ĳҶָԶɽӰ˵
ԷȵǴȥ￴ˮоȥĿҲûʲôõĻҵһĲˡ
ǲҵҶЦ˵
ȿȣûУСѾͷԷˮ˵ҲеȲ˼Ͼ뷨Ҳе׵ģΪˮԼоʵʣҲֲԼˡ
һɾ޾ܵˮǰֱϣ֨֨ĽţƺرĿġ
ˮɾĶﱻԵ٣ЩܳԣȻɾĶꡣ
ЩԺǱĶ
壬Ǻþûˣһƺһؿˣˮÿ춼ⶫǿÿԽԷɱ
ٴһ磬ˮܿģϧԽԽˮԵȣֻҪͷͺãܱãȻ޴á

ڶ죬Թ緹ֱӳŻɽȥ
жȥɽ𣿡
ˮվڻһԵҶʵ
ûС
Ҷҡҡͷ˵
ٶȺܿ죬ɽѾңңɽ϶деֲӲҲӲ
ɽܸߴڸߵһɽϵɽ䣬ֻܳ˵ʵڵˮûиоʲôر֮
ԶԿһЩɽӰͨɽųʯףΪĳֻˮٵصȽƧ

ɽһ޴ҲɽΨһһÿ˶ɽ˺󲿷ֶ似ģΪûκΪͨǵǲɽġ
ȻˣҾȥɡ
ˮЦ
ھǺԶĵطͣ£ˮͼ˸ȥֻǵˮʱֵֹֹĸо

ˮֵֹֹĸоһϤ̤Ǿ޴һȥˮʹˡ

ϤڶǵѹϢֱˮסֻǺǰͬһֻ޴ľͷǡ
Ϥѹ
ˮ˿һ־ϲû뵽Ȼǵˣǰÿǵõ˾޴ĺôֻͬһ˶ˣ֪ǷкöĴڡ
ˮĿ⿴Ǿ޴ľͷ棬һޱȣΪϤӡ
޴ѹ˶סˣΪҶҲܵǾ޴ѹǰƺûΪ˲ʩѹֻǲ֪Ƿһ
˶ڳԽӽͷ񣬵϶˼ͳ׷һЩùʲôģȥڰеʱ˷ǰ뷨
ˣи۷Ҳֻߵ֮ľʹ粽ˡ
˿ŲϳԵ˳Ц
ѵûиǿǰ𣿡
ɻʡ
ǿ۷һЩΪ۷ײ˵ģ۷
ǰֱŷʵ˲м˵
ǰǸֱӻĳߣ
ߣˮƬ̣Ӹ߾뿪ֱӽȺʷųһʱͷƤ顣
䣡
ܣ

һʱ֮Ⱥ뿪һȿֺȥϾֻ״ʷ壬ÿһֻʼֻرֲġ
壬ǿܰɣ
Ҷˮ˵
û££
ˮЦ˵һ䣬Ȼ㻺žͷȥϤѹ·һһ㣬ˮһеĸо
һεľ飬ˮһʵˮٴǰһЩ롣
ֱӴ
˲丿סӣȻ϶һξ룬Ȼٴδ
ٴͻһ㾳ĸƺסʱ䳤һ㣬ڸסʱһ㣬ʡˮʱ䡣


752 ӵ֣ʵĺôִϺ
ˮõʱԥֱսɾȻѸٵʷȥ̵ʱ̡ܶ
ĵȻ𾪣رľϲҲѸٵĸˮ˳ȥ̤ϻȻѸٵϷȥ
ֱʱˮŴһȻһֱûõеĶҲ˭õĻͻǸȥһ˷ӶһЩǿ𾪣Ȼ׷˭ӡ
Ҳԭˮô뿪ǰܶ˱Լʷ˳ȥһû˿Լõӡ
壬ɳȥҶſĵˮ˵
жҪκ˵õӣ嶼ûˡˮЦҶ˵
ţ֪Ҳκ˵Ҷҧ촽ᶨ˵
ˮ˵ǻ᲻ӣļȿֵĵʵ
ʱԺͲ֪ˣϾǰǴӵǵ뿪ʱ̫̣ûʲô˵ע⣬ǰ˿ӵĹ̡ˮЦ˵ƺġ
ûˮʲôҲǴ򿪵ʱ򣬶ˮҲûȥ£ҪѸ뿪

ʲôӲˣ
Ϸһݻׯ԰һ˳Ծվʧ˵˻֮꣬ͣȳƣһĻɫĳԵùƽ͡
ǵģһõϢҾ뿪үү
˵һʮµӣߵƣòӢһϢʱҲеԾ˵
ҡƼһжûж˵
ƺҲ׷飬ȥЩ˶ѾҵȻвٳŷ뿪ģѾŷϸ飬еСҲȥˡӹ˵
ˣƲҲ鲻Ķ˲۷ʵҪ̸ס̾˵
үүǼҲҲ۷үү㲻Ҳ۷𡣡ƺ˵Щͬ
Ǽҵ۷嶼Ǹո۷壬ǸȦ׵ˣ۷ֻ˲Ȼƽ˵
˳Ĭˣүүжļ֮һ˵ǾһУ˵Ķûõмǿ۷ǰҲûȥԽĴҶΪǶǲԵõġ
ͻȻ䱻ˣ˭ҲǶһֱǰŶоһ߾ͻ᲻ͷ˵ıԡ
ʱͻȻһˣүӣҡƼҺͶҵǰүҪ̡
ȥңϾȥ
һ㶣һЦȻ֪ʲô飬ڻʲô顣
Ұһȥɡ
Ц˵
õģүү
ߣÿһ̬ӣÿһǾӣһ֣߳һ΢ֵ̽еϰף㻹סӲˡ
϶ͲˣǰŵʱҲò
ں˵
ϰףɲô˵ĶǴںöˣڵʱˣҲô͵ߡ
һͬһɫĳ۵˵
԰ͷ˵Ķԡ
鿴ͷЦЦ˵ôɣҲûȥӵ۷ǿߡ
۷ǿߣ߳Ծ˵
ѵǶòǿҲûõӵӦǸ߼ǿ߲ŶԡȻ˵
ûϢǰõϢһһźɫļԪɱ˲̼ҵȥڶ⼸ͣҪʱ޴Ķʱһûгֱȥ˽ȥӲˡ߻˵
Ǿ˵Ǳźɫ˵ߵġ龪ȵʵû뵽ô͵õ鱨
ӦôˣǼȥɣӦסǼˡЦ
Ǽǣü˵ϾҴҵ󣬿ɲΪðգȻеĶˣЩǼֻõ˲Ǻ¡
ȥô˵Ҳĸ۷壬ȻεģԷǿǾ뿪ûߵıǾҪûĶ˵ϰס˵
ԣ³ç˵
ȻӦǼа׼ǿһ㶼ð׼

ˮϱѸٵķȥǵĳѾңңˣڻҪһɶʱΧȴͻȻ˴Сʮֻݣסȥ·
ˮסԼЦˣ֪ԼӦòô׵뿪Ҳû뵽ԷĶô죬ôģԿŶʮֻ޴ݺߣ뿴ԷҪʲô
ÿ
ˮŶԷȵ޴ѹֱкǿߵϣǲַġ
ʮֱֻӱˮ޴ѹѹʮףмǾֵķĽ
Ƭ̣ǷҲɼ
һ꾫ˮ񹧾˵
һǿߵ𾴡
˵һ飬ÿ
ˮŵʮٴκһ

ˮŻֱԷ˹ȥ˲佫ѹᵽ۷壬ֱӽԷʮֻʮֱѹơ
飡
ʱһֻںһľ޴޷δԾѾ

ǰеǣѾˮиоˣʵ⣬ֻһˮ˲ɱ
ˮסˣȻĿŶĸߡ
ʱ䲻࣬ʲô鷳һ˵
ˮƽĿżߡ
ȻΪô̫ˣǼͷҲûб˼Ǻһ´·ʱһҪǼͷдһ
΢Ц˵
ֲЦˣˮЦŵͷȻֱӳŻ뿪
ˣû˾ǸǶֱ˵ᱻɱǽɱǼԺأԺĳɾ޿ɹƣŰɣܿͻݵġп˵
ôеϧҲ֪װʲô߸̾˵
ЩǿʹǿҲǿǵһ鷳ʱڶ˵
ǰҺû³ç£ӵôˣļ屳ʵ𡣡ҲǸп˵
һ˵ü߶Ǹо󱳷ֱ̾ŻȥķȥҲ֮
;УĹͺ̸ܶ࣬ϳҲ̸ѣҲӴԺ󲻻κνӴ

壬ô˻Ҫߣ
ҶˮǺЦ
ˮЦЦû˵
ʱһ¹ȥϺѾǰˮ֪Լôʧ㣬ΪհòƱݴˡ


753 ϣϺǣҶ
µʱϱᴩհޣ֮ľˣڻٶȴҪʱ䡣
ˮҲܸܵݴ½ĺޱߣݴ½ˮڵʵͻٶҲ
мˮɾʱǸӣĶȷʵˮ˷˺óʱ䣬һ·ûµʱͻῴ
һž޴ݣһ޹ǡһƤоһڵʲôҲûˣ⼸ȴˮѾϲˡ
ӦǾͷµģΪˮ˿ɣɽõĶֻǾͷϵĲˡ
һƤֽϵּѾȷˣǾͷµĶһˮȷʵĺܣǰֻǲ²⣬ȷˡ
ֻʱţĲʵϹŶ֮Ļֻ˷ѣǸǹǣЩɶǾͷϵĲʣҩҲ죬һڵǺöΪڵֱ޽ɣֻˮҡ
Ͼ̲صп÷ʳޱˮҩʦǶҩʦԿ԰ڵֽɼݣĻͰȫˣҷֿĺô󣬿Զμ򵽾ͷǵսֻǷֿҲб׶ˣļʻĽܴͣΣõİ취
ƤֽµģˮﲻɵĻ񽳵ʵֵܴʲôְҵһַⶥڣοǶһУ񽳵ΪҲͣȻ첻ġ
ˮʱЩĶԺõţڴԼϹŶٴͻƣֻҪͻƵʽ׶Σˮ;Լһԣ߰ͱǽܴ߱ǽ

ϺȻհ޵ݳǡݿϺհĿҲʵĿ˵ȫܴհޣҵ羰߻õĴڡ
ϺƵһ޼ʵϺһͷȻǸ֪Ϻϱʲôڣ飬һȥ˾һʮַ˶ʮʱ䣬Ҳ˵Ϻûоͷ
˵ûоͷǲܵģֻڵʵ޷ﵽͷʹҲ˵ϺĹǰʮ˵һС
ݴ½ûͣȥ̽½ܣϺһû˵һߡ
ˮҲûʲôоǰľ飬ݴ½ӦҲǸ壬ֻǿΪ̫ˡ
һϺҶ;ϲĽ˷ܵС˵ɣû뵽ܻ˵ô
壬ҶϺ棬һֱ߾ߵϺǡҶĵˮ˵
Ŷ֪λþͺãҪǻҪ޳ǰȥˮЦ˵ϾϺҲǺܴģҲôҡ
ϺѾüˣϺϱߣϺԺܺңĳһǡһǺܺҵġ
壬ǻҪ޳ˣҶϺǵߣ̫˲֪λá
Ҷ˼Ц
ˮЦЦ䣬ֱ޳ǾͨĵΧĴ˼λõġ
ҶҰﻹԶͷӵ޳ܵʱ̫Ҫһܵʱ䡣
Цҡҡͷ
޳һڸΧܵľܵĵطԶĿȥС̨һЩһЩ;޳ǰ
ˮЦŴлȻŻʱٶȲǺܿ죬һ߿һ߹ŵ·;
壬ǣҿŮ°ɣҶҾﲻ̫Զˡ
Ҷָһ޴ʯ˵
Ŷͺá
ˮЦ£ŮԱ߾һ޴̨͵ߣķ·ߣƺԶæġ
ˮһʼͿŮˮʯ񣬲׸ߣȻڸ߿ҲĿˡ
ʯʣ̵ٲȴϣָоʥôȻŵѹȸС
壬ǲǸоŮܴ󡣡
ҶЦ˵վĸо
ǺǣϳСѾͷȲҪؼˣ˰ɡ
ˮЦ˵ˮᣬҲλؼʱָо
Ҷ˼ЦЦˮֱ޳һ˳Ҷҷɱȥ
СѾͷڳƺסĸоʱ͸Сȥ·оɱ޳̫һ
ˮҶ˵˵ŮĹ£֪ˣ˵Ҳ˵ˣڲ⡣
ʱ޳ͣһݻׯ԰ׯ԰һ֮ݻ֮ȥ˲١
ſǾ޴д֣Ҷң
Ҷ󿴵Ϥһ棬ˣһ̵鲻֪ôݣΡ
ˮվҶԱߣʱû˵ʲôҶʱ飬ϲõļ
壬үүǽȥɡ
ҶЦ˵
ʱҶһаң޳ѾȥǸߴҶȥԽԽſڵļƺҶ
ۼһҶ۾һ
С㣡
Сˣȥ֪ͨ

һ˲Ҷſҳһ㣬˼ҶȥʣµĺܿΧ˹һϺܼ
壬жˡ
ҶῪĵһ꺩˵
С㣬̫ˣÿ춼С㣬Ϻˡ
ҶԴк˵
ˮܸܵ˶Ҷǳڱĵ۰񿴵Լĺһ
ðɣ
Ҷе㵣ǵʵ
ãһ㣬⼸Ϊһֱ汼ܣǰŻҪȥ˵ұݴ½ҲҪһ
Ц
ѵûҽ̸𣿡
ûУ󣬼Ǽ˱һ֮½ӱˡ
Ǿ͹ֲû̸ˡ
Ҷ뵽ң붼£ԷƲԼȥԼȥ˰һ˵һŹǣõİ취ǳԼʧתͷˮһ·ľˣȻԶزˡ
ҲûеɱԼҲûеԼԲԼԪ˲ꡭ
ھʱҶҼҴҵ߳һˣΪ׵һŮӣһŮӣһذ׵ʿ㷢һ˵ĵţһһ˫貵ǳһŮӵųŮ˵ӺˣʱҶ˫ڱʯһӯӯ⣬ѸٵҶȥ
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ŮӵסԷһֱ˺þãҶͣĺŽ㣬˼˷ܵɫ¶š
жʲôط˭ߵģ
ƽŮü΢ĿҶʱȴǸһǿҵѹȸУȻƽǺ׵ĸ߱ˣܷŭ
ǵңǰҴߵģҪǣжӦҲˡ
Ҷ˵ָָˮˡ
Ůӵʱ·ſˮһȻҶʮһˮԽŮӵɫԽǾȡ
ˮŮӺγǺܾȣΪŮӵʵͣŮӺŮ֮žɫյŮˣʵȻڿֲǡ
ˮһǿһˣŮӿˮǷ˺أȻòʵ
Ϊǿǲģһֺ漸˵ʵȻǿԣѾ޷뷨ۡ
վǰȴǲͬݺ㣬ֻüһɺɰޱȣһ˫۾ȴ峺ޱȣ˱׽
һ͸ìܵӣᣬʵģ⣬УֱԼͶԷ֣ʤ
հԼʵȻʤԼҲܶ࣬ΪԼ⣬û˺ԼҶҹȥΪԼĽ
һ֪о̾磬һǶҵĶ̫壬ѾǶҵǼ弸ǿ֮һ
һ̨ҵ̨诣ȻûмԷҲûн֣˵ǵõһѾ˿Գҡ
ǰ˾Ȼһĸо΢Цߵˮǰһ񣺡ҽҶ̣ллǾСá
ÿҲֻǾ֮͡ˮæܿ
̨λǰ뵽ҶңҶҺúôлλҶ̿ˮľٶһЦһȥҶҡ
壬үүһҪҶסһЩӡҶסˮͲ˵
ǾʹˡˮЦ˵
ǿһһҶȥһ·ҶҶ̵һֻ֣һֻˮһҪˣĽ㣬һǾ֮˸ڶ֮ˣֵֻֻץסҪˡ
Ҷû뵽Ҷˮ壬ԼͬǰƺǰģǺһ̨
ҶҵͥԺʩʦеһȣʦͼңҶҿҲǸΪҶЩƺѾﵽͼ۷ʵ
ͼĳң
ҪǸˣԺҶҵǰ;޿Ժ˻ĺҶìܡ
Ϊ˭Ҳ֪Īĵ
ʦҲͬҶҵĽƫ㣬еһнֵֶζأ·Ů֮֡
߹һīɫĹţһƬ峺˹丵ˮˮȻǻˮ
Ϻз֮࣬Żľ޼ֱʱΪ˲ٵ
ܿ˶ϲ裬ֻǵĲѾˮо˲費ȻˮɾġۡûȣϼƷˣʵˮܳĲࡣ
㣬һûأˮ壬үү塢үүҶ΢Ц˵
ҶֱӺˮͺáˮЦ˵
ҲҼˣֱӺҶ̰ɡҶˮЦ˵
λǰˮȲ裡

ŶİҲͦңԶģжиүӼ̫ˡ
ǿһϾ˽⣬һʼ˵˵Ҷ顣
ˮүôԶհӦʲô°ɡ
Ҷ˼Ƭ̧ͷˮʵ
ˮԥһ£ǼоǲҪ˵Ҫ˵дڵʱҶȴЦûб˼ǿܲܰǣҺǵģ˵ҾͲˡ
ллʵǳزģԺҪСĵطܶࡣ
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ÿʲô龡ܿڣֻҪܰ쵽ľԲƴǣǾжǶĶݡ
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ҶС㣬Ϻв֪Щǿʵ˵һ£Ҳи׼Ȼʱ֪ôġ
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Ҳ̫ɺ˰ɣˮʱҲֻ΢һ£ǱǰĶ𾪡
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ҶСΣˮ˵
Ҷһ㶽Цϲ硣
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ҶС㣬Ҹо㶼Խˣô˵ԷǱҲˡ
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ǺǣôҳǿԵġ
Ҷ̿ˮЦЦ
үӣǺȲ裡
Ҷʾĵ˺Ȳ衣
ɽҲһǿĴ𣿡ˮ΢Цʳûֱʶң֮Ĳޡ
ɽϺһϵһɣһɫŮӣÿһ˼ɫʵҲǿ󣬾ݴ½ǵӰ٣̨ӾɽˣֻǴţǲǹҲֻ֪ˡҶЦſˮ׵ƽˮ
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ǺǣǻˮУǵĸϺ£ˮ¹뵺ܽɽҲԶǺأ֪ҲǺܶࡣ
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ǺǣǲҸղ˵Ķ˽£ҾͶ˵һ°ɣеҲǺЩ鱨Ǻѵõġ
Ҷ̿ˮŷʾЦ
ˮεЦЦǾ鷳ҶСˡ


755 ֽ⣬ǿľͷڵ
˵ҲǶķ֧ǾͨһֶƶǶö;ѪԼĶ棬ԺԶö뵽ĿڲпʳԣһԷóѳǽҺǵĶҲҪ̵ʹҲǿֲ쳣ԸǴ򽻵
Ҷһ˵꿴еˮ
ΪˮйĶ档
ʳйǳ棬ˮй඾еĺǿʳйǳ棬Ƕôĺ£Ȼое쬵ģȻˮʳйǳ棬ʱûзĻӦûĺܲҡ
ҲøҲΪˮʶеͼõͻƣȻ֪ʲô磬֪֮ǰõٱ뵽Ļֻƾͼܽͻƺľ޴
ҲһȽϾõĴ壬Ȼļ磬궫ҳһԵֱöλҶЦ˵
Եţˮɻʵ
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Ҷְʣµļʵ򵥵˵£ˮҲʵķʣɣֻˮƺǶôĵҶ֪
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ˮǻȥɡ
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ˮҪľǰڵֽŵ飬ԸһЩҩģˮʨ޲µľ壬ڷֽɶݵǵЧ
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һξ̤ƽңհ޵ĴţȻԺﶼһּĸ
һҪס

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һ˭˯˲˸ʱʵ̫ˣˮʲôҲûжֱӵȥֽĵ顣
ͷǵڵҲ˵ԴСֽĵȴ
ˮǸϲϢ˵ˮֱóˮʨ޵ľ壬Ǵˮץʮֻ۱󸡣
һȫŵһȻʼƣһκʡʱҲܿ죬ʱˣҵƿװ£һִһĴƿ
лʣµʮˮȰһֻʷ廽ΪҪҩԣֻ飬ͨʷѾﵽٶֻ
߳ʷ忴󲻰·裬˵죬ˮֱóһͶԷС
ˮڴĿֻʷ壬Ҫ֪ڵֵ޿ɹƣˮڵһŵ鶼Ǽֵǡ
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ˮûиеô֣ȻѾһӦÿʷͻƵģֻǲ֪ͻƼ


756 ͻͽˮǿ
ˮʷڻʵҲѸٵҲǸŻı仯һϣ顣
ļ۷ˣƺˮڻʷڴͻơ
ʱ仺ȥˮûиоھôĿʷڲı仯඼ڷ΢ı仯

һķʷϵıɫĹâٴҫ۵֣ˮЦˣͻˣʷٴͻˡ
弶ʵ
һ޵ڵ⻹ǵʧܶڵİٷ֮һɾôǿ
ԥһˮٴóһʷȥȻ󾲵ȱ仯֪ⶫԶȥȻٿȥǻˣͻͽҲи޶ȵģܻƵȥ
һιâ֣ڵʷѾﵽ˽ʮ״С̣ͨޱȣͻˡ
ʵˮܼʷǿʵĶɱͶҺĹʵֻǿˮڴĶ
ɱҲǿԽͶԷʵģҺܰԵֻʵƣʹͻһЩԸ۷ЧӦûǲ̫󣬲ˮΪҩԣʵпҩǼţ˳Ҳʷʵ
һͻһﵽˮֻθо̫˼ˣˣһ㶼Ŵﵽһٽ㣬ԺпٷʳĻҲκã˵ںܳһʱڶûκá

ˮҧҧٴιʷһŵ飬һαɫĹâȻǳ֣ʵȴֻ΢΢չһ㣬ϿԺԲơ
Ȼֻܷʳţ˷һˮҲеۣŰٿţҪ޶ʹţʣ²٣ȥһЩʮֻɵֱǿޱˣԺһ߳ȥˮҲͳ׷ˡ
ʱȴͻȻ˹Χˮţɫ忴رƯ岻Ǻܴ󣬵̺ȴǺǿ
ˮֱóһŵι޳£һԵֱˮϣ֨֨Ľš
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ʱ޴ʮ׳׸ߡǰˮһֱоеɰڳȻҪڵƺ
ԥٴι޷һţֱʱȴͻȻ赽Уˮ嶼һ
ǰǲɵģڿԷˣǾ޴Ľ޵ǿںǿĶٶȺǿĿ
޵ʵٶȺǿȴǿټԷУ绢ǰʵǿʮ
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ûüǷյʲôǿսʱҲٴͻƣʵϲռƣϾǿġ
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ͣٷְĿ꣬ɱУˮԼеѪҺƺˣΪоǳ
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ˣһЩɱǿԺɵģ޵һǿȴеˮϣΪҪһʱſԲμսⵤȴֱ˲Ϊ˵ﵽﵽʵ޻Ҫҵʱ䡣
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һǿսսעֻҪ޲ǵɱˣƶأֻҪʩչ׵˲ƻָһ룬ڽİʱУƻָٶȼӿ屶
ޱǿټӿ屶ˮķҲȻˣоҲϾС޾շľԳΪҩˡ
ĸսûһǿģҶʵõսԺǿµģԳ䲻ĵɱǿߣǿʱ׻ĥԼʵǿߡ
ôһᣬʷ޾͵弶ʵ۷壬ˮһӸоĶƽͶ֮ĲСϣҲԽԽ
оʮųͷĵ飬㼫ˣǱһԽʵÿһֻιš
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ˮԽվͻǼϣĿǰǣ޺ƺе㲻


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ˮ̤ն𣬻ͽվҲǷ˹óĿŵ飬ιǳԵһţʣµЩֶǿıѱʦѰ
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ԥˮֱӽеʣµŵιǳ£Ȼ󾲾Ĺۿúܿ죬ֱڱеĸоĺˬ
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Ȼɾܴ󣬵Ȼо˿ռĽţĻС˺ö౶Ҫ˫̫ˡ
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վĹһǧﵽǧٴǧﵽһһǧ

̲סϲˮֱɾзĺʾԼϲãϲ˷ϲãȴ͵ֵĸо
ڷ״̬´ﵽһǰ֮칥ʱԴﵽǵĹվڽ֮ͽջ´ﵽһǧĹﵽǧͻʱԷǵĹ
ЩҪҪڽվԲľ̤ʮı幥֮
£Ȼ̤Զ̹ɢһЩҶԷҲױܿȻԴﵽǰɱһȺɱ

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һж̫ˣҶͲͣҶ˵ˮҲȥͲõͷǵڵ
ôȥˣˮһֱŵҲһֱ·ʳʵĲ룬ڲо㣬ԶԶĳ
ͷͷǰʲôʵˮ̲ס룬Ժʵ˽⣬Ҳ²
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ˮһѪоɺܶ࣬һʵľǵõͼҲġ
ϳһϸܵĻɫ飬ĳҲﵽһٽ㣬ȫܶദϣڿҪŲȥʱˮ뵽ڵĲʣĿˡ
СģˮǰԼΪҲҪֹȥ¸¥ʦװҲѾУʣܶǣԼţһ

ٴγ֣𻵵;ڲϵ޸
ǰѾѶĹͷҲʼв˺ѷεʹеůġ
֮ϵߣԽԽ࣬ĸԽԽСѾĿơ
ֹһʱˮ˫ۣʱ䣬ͷѪζһŵζæЩˮϴȻ²˿£оǰνˬ
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ˮԼʵʵ˾Űٿһǧٿˮı幥ﵽǧһٿﵽǧ
ڽ֮ջͽնˮ£Ȼ״̬´ﵽǧٿĹһǵķ
ȻɱʵɽĳɵıʵçţɱʵնɵܻɵĳɵͷϽɸӣһȫʵ
ˮϽܺĻʵԴﵽǶһ㣬ñǽʱ򣬹һ㣬Դﵽǣʩչǻףﵽǰ뻹Ҫһ㣬ǻ´ﵽֲǵķ
ҪҪܽסڰˣȻˮʵǺǿбɱﵣĹʩչЩɱ㹻ˡ
ΰ̬ͼʵˮͶ뵽Уˮֵһţһʵнϴͻƺһʱҩ߻϶չ٣ӦþһһЧɡ
ΰ̬ͼڻǾǻһֱ벻һֱľ磬ΪֻдﵽǲǵңŻ뻭硣
һŵĻţˮһ̿Ժ׵ľҲʵһֱĵ鲻ǰôңɼԭ
һλĵӦ֣һ˲ˮоǰۣȴоûͻƣЩֻҪнͺá
ڶˮĺ磬Ȼ̫ȭȻûͻƵһֱڽڴоǴ˲٣ʵĺôʵ̫ȭľûҲʵ̫ȭĻ̫ȭҲ


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ˮո֣ҶˣˮĵĽе壬ȥԷˡ
ˮЦЦͷСѾͷԼ磬Ͼڸ㵽ͷ޼ͬڿЧԡ
ˮͲļ˺ҶһŴȥҶٴοˮ̲סһ㶣ܿͻָȻ
һûпˮе㲻һɫܺã˸оҪϣƺӴݣһǿߵһ
үӣˮסĻðɡ
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759 Ĺ껣̫İ
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ô˵һǺǿģȻȲ̨ҡɽЩѹ¶ҵҲָһѹ¶ҵȻָ
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760 ̫
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ˮ仰Ҳֱö̫һӿɫ˿ɫ죬ߵµĽ
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761 Ҷҵķˣħͫ
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ˮǺܴ󣬵ȴ˿оͰҵˡ
Ҳ棬֪Ϊʲô˵Լֵֻ֪̫ˣ֪̫ӵҲ̫ˡ
ҪôԶˣһôɡ
̫Ҳûж룬ǲ֪Щʲô
ΪŰ裬ǲǶҵһ磬ҺΪʲôһֱû˳ǡ
ˮҲ𶫹̫Ļһ㣬ڽ˵
ھڵĵҶûŰ裬ȻڹǶҹȥͷڮҶҡ
̫ȻȻԼŰ裬οŰ֮ҲоԼŰ衣
ǶӦҲܶ˰ɣԼǲˣǼ浽ڲò˵Ǹ漣
ˣ
̫һ̤նſоȥᱻѪھˮɱɱ֮ǰҪúõһȴǷֶԷͲԻ˵ʲô˵ʲôԼļβõ⣬˭Ҳᱻܲˡ
赽еĶ̫һֻ˲ѣѵ£ھȻһױ̵սף֮Ĺ¾Ө̡
̼£
˶ǾˮҲû뵽ԷԷȻıս򵥡
̼£͵ıԵһĹǿÿһĹ
ͷֲô̫岻䣬ԭ̼¡
΢ЦŶͷ˵
Ц
һ»ô򣿱ʵǿ̼¸ǿԵԷһĹ¶ԷʵҪ̫ܶпӮ̫ܳôʵм
˲ɵĸ̾
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ӵܾǺãһ򵥵¼׻ϱһʵҴǿ֮
ʲôʱҲи̼£ڻһıϣÿ춼ӵֻǲ׶̫Ϊʲôǰ¶ţȻ䲻һεֵһɱˮǸá
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ʵܼ򵥣Ϊ̫оûбҪԷֵôΪ˴ݻˮģоֻź;ܵǲսʤġ
иݵ꿪ʵЦ
ˢ
еĶ̫һƽǽ߶೤ɫˮһһΪɢǿҵĶˮϤ
һž޴ݴĥɣһֻ޵ݣⶫǿĶԣ͸һһƷЧһ
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̫ڶ̫Ҫˣ岻£ӦðõıﶼˣǰԷʱٶˮԾĿԷ˫ѥӡ
һ˫տɫѥӣ֣ȻоԼϵľĲ磬Ҳѷɫ٣ȻкļϾǿ֮ǾС
ˮߴϽܣǻİԼʵ
ۣ񣡡
ˣʵ綫̫壬СһЩϧƲԷķܴ򵽶̫ҪֻҪΣʤϣǺãġ
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㿴Ǿ޴ĶܣǸҲǿ㿴ǸˮһҲţҲɱء

˵ǰ;
̨ҵǸ˻˵֪Ǻͱ˵Ǹ̾
ǺǣҵĄ̊́үһ뷨Ҳо˺ǲס
Ц
ƺҲûй˼ɶҵڳ̨ҵ˿ǵλ൱ߵģȻ̨ҲǿģȴǺǿʵҲһĶ֮У˵Ļϰ˳׼ȷöҵ﷢š
ȥɣ
̫һ̹һˮɿĳȥһˮһԷٶȱԼ죬΢Ĳ硣

ˮӰһΣҲѸٵŶ̫ȥеļµϹ򶫹̫塣
ԣ
̫Ķ޹˼ɵӭˮ

ȴˮȵϣԱԷ·ϵֵ̹
ˮˣоãԷʵԼ߰뿤ңǰײ˲ʹ̫ڱˣӲˮǿҲܳܣھһЩ
һν˵̽Ҳö̫˶ˣȷе˵ˮЩ󣬻Щʱ˾ˡ
һȫš
̫һţŸˮܸܵԷʵԼһЩ
ˮСĴţڲ뱩¶Լ̫ʵʱʹЩɱﵡ
콵
ֱӼԷ߰ٿҵʵٶ˰ٷ֮Сٷ֮ʱһ˿
׷
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ʵֻҪײ£ˮǿŲٵİ취ͶԷţһֱѶԷƺꡣ
ɵٶȼٺͶɵĸö̫ܲƵѪ


ٴҵᣬˮȫУϧûЧȴ˲ãϾˮٶȱ죬ǰ˲ٵٶȣٴμ٣ֱö̫ı
ٶսҪ
̫ҲǾȣе㾪ţԷĿȻûԼǿǴƺʹȴȫԵֵԼĹоԼٶȣɻ࡭
ܻ
ԣ
ǺܴˮĶܻȫԽԷײˣֻһײˮ;ˣΪ̫屻ѣˡ
ˮ뵽ԼĶܻ֮źСöԷѣֻһֱûгֹľˡ
ڳˣû뵽ⶫ̫Ʒ⣬ǰʹöٴζܻûгֹԺбҪڼϰܻˡ
ˮôŹᣬǰ뷨ֻһ˲䣬ҲˮĹһͳ壬еŶԷԴȥ


766 ̫壬
ˮźܴϣֱһ£û˿ıˮͶԷԴӴ˲䣬һɫĹԴǿҵ
أ
ˮ񱻵̫ҲҷɳȥֻǶԷûˣȻˮѾϵҲоеϧ
ɱ̫岢ѣֻˮھͱ¶Լ̫ʵǰı̹Ǳ̼µĹЧˮѾϵˡ
ˮ̫ͬȻҲ֪һˣѹ˲ᵽζ˲ȫͱ亹ʪ͸
̼¿Եһ˺Դλǵֵ˳˺ҲӲ˱õˣڿʼеˡ
ʵˮҲ޽⣬ԶԷΪʲôϽܵĶܻѣԷѵǱֵֻ̼ܵսĸЧĸЧ޷ֵ
벻ˮҲͲٶˣʱҲ룬οܻѣԷǺ飬ֵøˣоܻԼǶܻĹйϵҲϽܵҲйϵ
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һΣǱ̼ÿֻܵһΣ̫ûǿؾƵĻɡ
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ҶҲһֱſ˵Ľսûκα飬ָнĵš
j𣿶̫Ҫûб̼Ѿˣб̼»ǻ䣬
ذϴٺŲ迴ŶjЦ
jҲ΢Ц˵ҲɣҸоӦòö̫ġ
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ذϴЦݳš
˵̫ϻ᲻ỹ˲ġ
jҲƽ˵
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ذϴгһֻȵĹâеˮֿj
ذϴٶģûԸģҲ뵽ˣһ뿴
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ˮԷĺȴǼӿĳ򶫹̫壬˲гޣһˮͶ̫彻
̫ȴͻȻֹȻĶ̨ȥպʱ߲ų嵽ˮǰվŵλá
˭Ҳû뵽̫ô죬޵Ķ̫£ոոʵͶʮֹ
οǿٶȺͼǿ壬һ˲Ȼ̫Ķϧֱƿˣһȭ޻ϣĵ޻ϣܲ޵צڶ̫ϻһһ
ˮг̫ͻȻ̫ûüֱһأˮһο޳֣ٶȿĿϼжͨѪҺɢľ綾
޷ˮϣˮͷŲԶŵߡ
أ
¶̨ϴһƵʱ򶫹̫ʬײ䵽̨ϣһӽΧ׾ˣ˺ҶҲͣ
ûۻɣôˣ
˺þ˲ŵ˵
ϣڶҲҪǿƸԤ»Ǳɱˣ̫̼ˡ
ըһ廨ŵ۴˵ҵĶӣҵȷʵ
jӮˣסǵĶԼ
ذϴЦj˵
Ըķ䣡


767 ̯ƣٴռ
һǰܻҲûо¶̫壬°ѶѪֻǱûκα仯վ˸âڱ
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ǶɣڸоΣ
ˮƽĴ̨µ˶ƺᵽһ˿Ѱζ
СӣɱһҪɱ㡣
˫۳춢ˮ޲ֱȥˮ˺ѣ̨Ĺڻơ
ֻ㶫ɱˣѵڶ̨Աɱ㶫ҵ˻𣿡
ˮ޹˼ɵĴЦ
ɱˣ
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˷ǲмĿǰһۡ
ôƺͶйڣƺѰˡ
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ˮȻǷŭδһɻȻҲܵˮ˼
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ҶɫȻƽֻʱעŶҵĶڿˮϵ޺˫ļµ۾ٴαùޱȡ
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οҪⱨӦˣ˼ˡ
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˿̨ϵˮٿҶ
һǳңҪҵʧ˵һ۾ܿû
ˮ΢Ц˵סȨĸоȴǺˬ
ǵģҵһɱԼĶӣ˭Ķӷҵá
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治ǸˣԼõ£ѰˣαҪڣо˵𡣡
ˮŶϵĺȻӴȵı
ԼôˣΪʲôԼӱܣʵ֪һʼܵˮȻĸš
ǵģұôˣһҪɱ㡣
ȴͻȻĺ˳
ǰˮѾѺȻ˻һɵĶ·һֻҰ޵õѣĺֱΧС
ˮĿľ֪ԼǰĿģоǶҵΪ֪Լվסš
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νսΪϣôеЧġ
ɱңðˮ򶫹¡ռޡ
ˮŶƽ˵Բ֮ڶ
һﾪǧˣƽһףһΧȫռޣҺ֮ս
ȴһ֮սңôܲ𺳣˶ΪˣΧ˵ķӦ֪Լû
ǶҲǱˮĻֱˣһԵ˼ֹͣˡ
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ͻȻ˷ܵĺΧһը
˵һһžҶĿ
һŮߵһ˵
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ôѵҲҽ𣿡
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ˣҳ㣬ûм棬˵ĻʵĺܿЦҲˣͻΣ
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˵һֱܾʣֻˮռʱһ£ܿһȡ
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·ˮʱЦ
ŶллʱĻһȥ
ˮЦŴ
˵뿪󣬾Ȼܶ˶ĺˮͷҲеĴк
һߺһȥʱǸһֱˮˮѾϳ˶ԷΪһѪ·رĿ
ʱˮֱӰĿջظ뿪үүԼлȥԼӦúͶ̫һ˰ɡ
Ȼȥ
Ҷ΢Ц˵ûʲô仯̬ƽ
ĿűȥȻ޳뿪ΨжһֱվˮʧźͶȥ
ܿҪȥ˶ȥʣµĻоųɶˣʮһĵȻ졣
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Ҷ̻ûôԣŷ˵
˵ӦòᣬҲ˵ԷΪ찲ȫҲᶯ֣ԴһҪֺþ衣
˺ǺЦ
үүռҪϳ
Ҷ̿ˮתͷŷ˵
Ѿͷȥ𲻵κá
̾˵
ҶС㣬˵Լϳллĺ⡣
ˮЦ˵ûϳ
ԼȥҪأ
Ҷ̵ĵ˵ҶҺˮѾһ
ˮ˵ģ֪ҶңοҶܰﵽĲ࣬ѡˮԼȻǷģΪԼÿ˵ȵġ
Լа취ңǰ˵ģȥﲻʲôæһҪչ㡣
ˮЦ˵ɫɣƺûжôѹ
ĸоԼһ˿ңΪʲôҪѡķʽֱǰҽ
ҶȻˮжҵ
ΪհޣݵĻĻѡֱӵķʽز죬ʲô˽⣬ļ尴˵۰һһٹ̣ο˵ûſһսҡ
ˮЦ˵ֹǧıôĵ̶ȷʵˮϡ
ȻûսңΪʲôҪ򶫹ռޣ
Ҷ̾ĿˮΪˮ˵ƾһսҲǴ´ģû뵽˵һûеĻ
ΪûܶҲҪռޣΪռһβսˣɱһеŵġ
ˮЦſҶ̡
ڲ֪ú˵ʲôҪóʵ
ԥһµҶ̾ǿĿˮ
ԼΪҶһΪ˱Լö˭ˮһĿսʤʤֻ֪Լ΢΢
ֻ㲻㣿
ˮҶ˵
ֻȻʵֲԸǿ󣬵Ҫֻһֻ޻ԶԶġ
һбɱأ
ˮ˵첻Ҷ̷ˣԼһս⡣
ܲҿ
Ҷ̽˵ϾЩϰ֮˵ĽɣҶҲ͹˲ˡ
ԣ
ˮоҲûʲô¶һˡ
۽𾦣Ȼžǿһ֮
Ҷ̵ĸҲǲǿ֮һ㶼Ǹǿ󣬻оϵȽǿ󣬱ˮֱӱκһǿĿǰǡ
˵ӣˮ뵽˶̫ϵı̼»˫ЬԼˮȻûõ֣еϧ
һ۽𾦾Ȼֱǧһ㣬֮ǧ֮Ҷ̳Ϊһʵ

ˮЦҶ˵
Ҷ̾ǾţĹҲ̫ǿˣֻԷһʵǻǲ
ҶԥţΪое㲻ˮЦһӣһ뼤
Ҷ̸оǰһһ˿ƮǰȻΪ̫̫ͻȻսľǺݴﵽģ˵Լע⣬ͶսڶԷעʱʹõġ
ҶС㣬ңһбֶΣȻɵԼѵôɵӣ
ˮЦŴȤ
е񡣡
ҶҲЦ˵Ļˮӡ
ʱҶû˵ʲôҶʸռޣֻҶҵĸʵ̫٣ղ˻ߴղϵĻʵ̫ΣգˮûҶ˲ս
ˮĽϣҶǸ壬ٱʦҪǿϲ٣ˮ𵱳ʦսʱҪǿ̫ˡ
ǰ϶Ҵٹ֪ҶûеطǶһĵط
ˮǺܵĵģΪ뿪ʱˮ˶ĿͶ˵ĳ˼ǰˮˮš
ţҲˣõģҶȻʲô壬Ҳ˭߾ߵġ
Ҷ߼ᶨˮ΢˿
ʱǼ尾ˣȴζر£ˮҲǸоеѹֱ֣ռޣ˵Ѿˡ
ʱҶͨͨʱҶ˻вĵͳҶңˮǴҶ˺ҶֱӲҪһֱڶٻֻǶ˵ʲôҲӦ
ϵˣˮҪȥɾѽվ˳ֱҶ̣վڸѲӣ쳣״֪ͨԼ
ˮսңʵͻ⣬ϴƵЩвɱˮһЩϴһЩϡ
ϴʣµʶ鲻࣬һֱ꣬Щˮ͸оһĪİȫУİЩ綾ĶϿɱˡ
ˮ֪ߵжˣռÿֻܳսˣԷɥĲĳսˣˮҲɱǸصĴۡ
ȻҪռˣ컹ҪһοˮûлҺ£ǰһҲͲֻᷢҲռԼս
ʱһһεĹȥˮϢʱ˼һʱ䶼㶾оǧǿɲóȻʵٽһ
ϽˮϽеĽбˮһʼı׾ɬȻԽԽӦ֣ˮϽѾʹãѾﵽһľ硣
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һֱˮоܵʱ򣬺ȻĴһϽһȴ˸оĽдִȥ񱩵ļ£ˮĵĿеıǽ
ϽˣекķѵʱԲ̣ɾʱǾ͸ˣȴǾ޴ġ
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ϽѾһˮоϽһ޵׶˵ҲΪǰҪѽϵһ
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Ͻиȱ㣬ϽˮоʹõʱǷʽһ˷ʱ䣬лûʲôоԺϽоһӳʱ䣬ӦΪƽɡ
ͻȻˮܵվʾӦæɾҲ쵽ɾʱˣˮϢҲãֱӳɾϴ»㵽Ҳʱ䡣
һ߳滹ǺܰˮһҶҲˣܿһҶҲ˳һˮֱˮϡ
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ˮԶʱվҲܵ
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ʱһһεĹȥˮһվɢΧһз紵ݶȫӳ뵽ʶУʶвκڣǶ¥ҲǿĿʶǿ
ˣˮʶгˣ߸ˣԷƺû̫ڣҲûи̫Ķﶼûг
ԷˮǰʱһȻǽɫҶ˺Ҷ̣ȻĿԵķŵˮϡ
ͷľȻǶʱߣҶһ⼸ɫһ䣬ŶȵǻҵǳױǶˡ
ҶͷҺҶûйϸҽϣ㲻Ҫ֡
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ˮŶԷ˵ʵҲ̲סһͻǿߣĶǶǿߣҪ֪ǺǱҪǿϺֻܶ࣬ƾʵҾͱʦǿ̫ˡ
һˣʮȥˣ㻹ûһ㳤Ϊöʧʲôо
ˮĽʵתЩ˵ʵǿˮҪȫһսֻɱˣֶΡ
ƾ𣿡
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֪ܿˣ˻ǻһǺö˻ĺܲҵģĿġ
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˲Զ
ǰҶС㣬ǲҪžͺã治ҪҴͺá
ˮͷҲصĶһ䣬ȻóϽܺ

еһѴʱˮĻ۽𾦺ͻ֮ĴﵽڶԷһʱ򣬻˵ھʱ򣬱ˮС
ˮԥóʮʾ綾ĺŮɢַһмһ˲ɣٶȺܽ
ֱб꣬ϧˮ᲻ö룬Ȼǰ㹻ĻӦûٶɱˣˮϣǹԷڳ䲻ʱ򣬼ǰˮöԷֻб꣬жߺܿȥˡ
ʣµĸߴʱǾֵĿˮǰǿ㿪ԷĲ壬һǺýʱ鶼ˡ
ֱ֮ӱˮ˽һǧѾǡ
ˮ˫ɫĻ棬Ȼ۳СԴСĻʵõͻƺ󣬾ǻҲǴ
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ˮɲŹ˺õĻᣬֱѸٵĳȥĿǶԷʵǵһߣϵҲ͵ļ
ڶܻĹ̲վϼ㣬ʵǿ󣬵ȻյһѪʧûнŵһķ¾͸ܵ޴вϮ
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ǸֱӱˮϽײɣٴθϣе񻮹һɫĲʹ⣬ſֲһľȥ

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ˮڱ˭Ҫ֪߸ڶҲҪߣһʧȥǶļҲ൱ʧȥһֻһ
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ˮֻһͷ뵽СӴڶ̨ϵǰһУ˵Ļڲ֪һжģүүЦ֪ԼǰҲڳЦ뵽ǰԼǰСһ
ͬĻҶ˺Ҷ̣һֱΪˮһѺرǿսһ̣Ҷ̵ϰµģܺĳֻ֣û뵽ֻһӱϲ
ˮŶʣһߣϵɫЦЦս֮УԷȻϧȺŹԼҲ˵߰㲻ˣս˭վ˭ı¡
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ڵĶˣоԷĿң뵽ҵļǿߣоǾԲġ
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䲻䣬ǿˣ治ΪʲôҶѾռ㻻Ҫǰ
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ΪҵȲ㲻Ҷռޡ
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ʱ֪ûԣôȥȻ֪Դ󡢻ûԣס㶫Ϊ㣬Ϊ
ˮǰĲӾһˣݶĴ˭֪Ŀ࣬˱Ƶ̶ֳȴ޿κεʹûмܳŹȥǽѣŲʹ࣬һַ˵ļ尾


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ԽԽԽԽʧ䣬оǲΪоԼԽԽȴ޲ߣˮڶļʱײ¶һɫ
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ȴǴЦźˣʱˮҲ˶Էһ߳СָϸߣһͻԷȻҲжޣⶫмжޣ
Ĳ۷嶾ޣҶ࣬ˮҲǺܽţѸٵóһ嵤£Ȼת۷壬Ѹĳ򶫹ڶʱ佫Էɱ
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ڵĺ飬Ķɫޱ䣬ѸٵĶֻɱס˶ԷһֱŶԷʧˮóһöͨĺٴδڶ̫˵һʱסΨһ·
ѵĶеһѾ޴ǰĺ飬֪ġ

ѣЩɫĵѸٺˣ
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ǿźֱӽĴȶܵ۵ĶһһɫĺƬУʱ޵ǰצߵĺ
ˮ֪սҪˣսֻаյʱ䲻߸۷ȫ߸൫Ҳ٣㹻ˣˮ˵ֻǸʼ
ˮı̼˳ȥҶҲˮɱģˮɻԼҶҧΪʲôûзӦ
ȻˮĺȻͻƵ弶ͼҲͻƵһǿ󾳽磬ˮоĲʶ޵Ķһ㷴ӦҲûУֻˮ²⵽һܣޣһιʳ֮ʱˮоԼ֮һϵҲԭ˵ˮʵǿǺ飬ˮͲȥ뵽ʲôԭˡ
ֱӽʬոɾҶ̴սһֱˮ۶ǲŵĹâڵһж˵ѱòôʵˮ˶ôİ
죬ʳһ˿ףҪˡ
ҶͷҶ̲ͬЦݣ鶼࣬ǰһɣȴǱ˭ţҶҶѹˮϣǲܵġ
ǰҶС㣬ǻȥЪɣ˯ˣȭ
ˮЦҶ˺Ҷ˵
úãͷӻȥЪȥ
ҶˬЦЦŲǺԶķȥסңղŴ򶷲ҶңȻΧķݾûһվˡ
Ҷ̲û뿪վˮĲԶĿˮ
ˮܵҶ̵Ŀ⣬ͷƵ˼ɫŮӣҶС㣡
Ҷ¶ȻЦݣܿˮĿ⣬죬Ȼ˵뿪ֱŤͷˣˮģ׿Ŷڳ̫ʽ
΢һֱڻĽչֽչȴʱӳԿܴЧһҪջ۵Ĺÿ춼һ㣬ۣܲʱͻȻһعͷȻԼ˺Զ·
ˮھĸоȻ䷢֡΢Ѿ൱ˣЩܵЩһֵԺͳɾͣջ۵ֺʱ䣬һգǾ൱ߵģΪջ۵Ķʵ
ͨȭɾͨȭٴδﵽ۷壬ˮԼκιٿ׷ͻƣ򲻴ȻɣˮֻͷԼ̬ſҲڲ־ϲ
һֱɫ΢ʱҶȻ˶˳ˣҵ˲ˣο߸ˮо͵һ
ˮ²ⶫھ֪ˣҲ̫ţֻһеԹ޷йռϡ
ϳԷʱҶĳ˲٣⼸ԵһΣϵҲ˺ܶ࣬ԱߵҶһֱڿҶ̡
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ġ޼ɵͨҶܸ̾ܵʲôˮһֱоˮûоŹ۶ôѵƺûҲûоɥԹĬĬһ˳һδŵľ١

ָɽ˺ϵľѾΪˣռް񶫹ļռ޾͸ԿˣΧ߶ˡ
ﶼй̶λã궼νѰ˸ûλãе˺ˣе˴ûߡ
֪ռ޵˶ˣֶǵˣǳһЩзݣһ㶼ǱȽԶһλá
ûͣ嶼Ѿǰձ֣˶ӣĵۺͼۡ
ҲǸ˳Ųһӡ
ɣҲǸ˰Ѷ
׳գΪһܺһң
һǧǰģƷﲻһһңǧǰһҶɡ
˷

Ǹ֧֧û˵ʲô


771 붫ҵռޣһ
͸ոյҵ˾Ѿڶ̨һγʮ£ЩһǶҵǿߡ
Ϊ׵һϵˣֵĶ˸Ӳϣۻǣͣһͨ˸оһĳĺˡ
˶ıϹϾ̬֪ǶҵĸˣҲƽʱڹʶҵ飬ĻεĶҼҪ
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ڣôء
˺ǺЦ
ǽҶʤˣҪʮָܻǰʵһ۷߲ôġ

ҲҪˣˮͲġ޼ɵ˻ҶˡҶ̡ҶԼһЩҶҵǿһȥ
޼֪үү׵ĶѾ˺һ˲棬ȻԼ֣ǷģοԼҲǰҲԼڸ𣬵һжҪˣ֪ǲеǼеġ
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ϲˮǰ˵ĻһѾǺѵˣƺһñ˸оĺܺãһʱԽԽܸо
ˣҲˣˮҲҪ㲻κ顣
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ѾңңˣˮԸоһѹֵϢҶҵЩҲ֪˴ˣҶҲˡ
òЩҶ͸оûе۰һǸǲ֮ˣûµĥôܳ˵ΪԣЩҪǷȱ
ֻǲ֪ˮЩϹŶʲôҶЩ˵̫ˣֻ֪̫ˡ
޳ֿͣ£ˮһ˲Ŷ̨ȥһʱ㹻ɣΪڻһʱˡ
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϶˵׼ռ޿һοԳ˵ģҶǳҶϹƺûõóֵˣ룬еĴ𡣡
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Ц˸ܲе˼
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֪ˮҶҲս֮˵ȥֱӱɱķݣڶ˵ֱüȥˣռûбҪ˭ο˸оǸܹ졣
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ˮͷȻڿն˶̨ϣͶҵļλңңԡ
ˮоԷӦûȷ˵ɣȻԷܳλֻǿߣʣµǰµߡ
Էˣˮ˵ûзУˮҴ⣬Ϊ̫жޣҲжޣ⼸ǿĶ޵ĻҲ鷳ֻ޵ĻˮģΪѱޣƾʵҲѱǿޣʲô֮ܳΪ΢΢Ŀԡ
гޣֻ޶Էˣˮڼ㣬һϿԷһռ޺ҪԼԺҪߵ·úֻܴܳɹʧ˺롣
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ˮ֪һҪӮǿ޵ӳԼҪԼʵһı¶ʱԷʵöԷܵ尾

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ˮĶܻڶԸʵʱ׾ٵĽԷˣ˵սһˡˣοֶܻȻÿζѣԷ˵һ˲仹ǻöԷ۵ɢʹ᳹׻ɢҲҪɢһ룬ֻǾһ˲䡣
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ݣɱǰˮʯ޵۾ڶԷ˺ĵطǺƤ׶ƲݲֻԷ㣬ʯӻĴ㶾߻
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ΧǹЦǸˮͰһŮ˫ʲôûŮ
Χһ˶ǽҧأﹾķ죬һʵûסһ˳


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ˮٴסһˣѸٳɱսһһԶʱسɱǱԷΧס
ÿ˶ܿסԣĸһʵµģǸµģһסǿãȴֻ
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ǿֻǲһֱʹãʹһϢһЩʱ䣬ÿһʹöҪﵽԤڵЧǶ
˵ԣ½һʯֶʺ϶ӲǿԸһϵȣȻҲԲԡ
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޲סһˮӭˮԸ˻ǿԵģϾԷʵѾ˺ܶ࣡
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һ¸ܵУŹֱһĳǸˣʲôˡ
ѾⳡսѾǽˣ⻹ˮѹʱ䣬ö̫ߵľ裬Σյޡ
ˮޣʣµ߽ˮð޿ԲĹԷԷ
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ռûһ˵ǶԷܴӦ⣬ԷӦֻսֱԷսΪֹռ޲Ƴһֱս˫вչԱ⡣
ǶҲ̫ˣҪҲһֻǾͿԺˡ
һ۵Ŀˮ˵

ذϴ٣ܵס𣿡
jһԵذϴʵ
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ңǰһܿסڵûа취
ذϴҡͷЦͬԼ涾ľȻԷһֻޣܴܺͱ˿಻ԡ

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ġ޼ɡ׹һˣɱÿһֻĴڣ֪ǷˮѾָ߶ȣûˮһҲ޷Ϊڳ
ҶҲѪڣΧƺӼֳսѿģǵҲĪİҶҺҲǲѣһʤˣҶҵ͵λٴεõߡ
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ˮٴγֵλߺʲôҲû˵ֱӻг˽վ󣬶ԷʵԽԽǿԭˣҲпֱܻӳǿģ̾ͿԼôˡ


773 붫ҵռޣ
վĳΧһ󻶺Ҳн;̾ƺôţгԼޡ
һֻֻҲǶޣҲĲʶޣصٶȿ죬֪ҶˮûЧĻ֪롣
һֻ׹ޣСֻֻһףû˵㣬ȴǿϰֿǱĻսס
ĵûгԼޣˮҲ̶֣һֻѱʦ޿ԲսǶޡʲôģһ˺ѱԼʵޣڣгһʵµҲֱӱɱ粻òս
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774 붫ҵռޣģ
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ˮһָоˮϤˣǻ׵ʱ֢״һһͬʱҲ̲סһ
ҵͨʶԸܵˮı仯ЦһˮѸٳȥеĳͷȴһƬӰǵصˮȥ
ˣʱ䵽ˡ
ˮǻ׵˲óϽܣֱʹ׶ܡ
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Ͻܵ׶ܺǻ׵Ч࣬ʵбףǻǿȣ൱һǱǿ
ϽǸ񵲹ʹϽǲöԷԼӴġ
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׻ϣˮɿӸǼӿٶȳߣȴˮ߾ȻûбסɵͷȽ򿪣ߵܼ򵥣Ȼˮʹõ˫ƣЩƬ䲢˺ڡ
ˮˣȴѾӰһĳˮǰĳ߳ͷ
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ˮڶûжܵʱ䣬ûʱȥΪʲôԷûбסҧҧӭͷȡ
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777 սʤ
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Ѿˣսսõ˫֣ߵһֲֻ֪ʲôʱһڵĶذˮĿڲȥ
ôľ룬ܸοˮڵ״ûκζȥĿܡ
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ռѾһɱʱ˴ʮ˳Ƕ˲طУˣ˸ɱ֡
˴ĺǳ⣬˶֪һ꣬ѡֱ¶ֵ
˶⣬˵Ļоеⶫһ򶼺ţֻǸĴۻܴ󣬵ڲͬˣֻҪһĴ۾ңһܽǸֶ꣬š
˶ˣ̨˻ӻ̨֣Ҳȥһ̨ҶˣǼȥ
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ЦЦǰôģӦõõģҾͲҶС˵ˡ
ˮҶеǷݹһһֳԽ֮ĸоˮҡҡͷЦЦ˵һоүˣһݾͿˣһݸҶҡ
ãǾ͸Ҷҡ
ЦŰݰ֣ʱ̨˹
ˣпȥ̨þûпôˡ
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˵ȴһ˳صĸоиоǲġ޼ǣҶ̾ĿˮƺŲ͵
ƺ˺ܶ飬һ˶飬˵ĺвɣĸо·һĺ˵һ
صҶҵˮֱȥϴһѪһˣϴһֱӻطϢҶûд
һֱ˯ˮˣ˺ܶ࣬һܴİڿԶˡ
󷹲˶Ѿ׼ˣֻˮûʲôθڣֻˮûθڣͬҲûθڣҲֻһֵĳԵ㣬˵˵
Ҷ̿ϴˮϢõǰһֻǰһѪȷʵ·УҲ֪Һͷ޼֮ĳԼˮġ޼׹֮Ĺϵ
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778 Ը˵ķ޼ͷ
һᣬˮͲġ޼ɡ׹סǸͥԺȥʱɫѾȫ
˵ɫԿѾˣ޼ɴʱû˵˷ܵɫԶ
ʮˣһֱһɽһѹڷ޼ϣٴζоѣ𣬰ûڣ첻ΪʲôҪԼСûиܹĸҪŸ޴İ
ڽˣٴһ֮ٲּ尾ʱ޽үү֪Լô˵һ˱Լʹ࣬尾Ǿүүˡ
үү㿴˰ɣĸ˰ɣǱѾˣǰİɡ
޼̧ͷ˵ţһġ
һоԼ·Ż˹ǰӱǿǣǰȥĻĺܺãΪ칬ϵķ޼ҲǺܷģٷ޼ʱѡȴΪ档
ֻԼ֪ǼֻǰǷеһСƽʱȥ룬糣ɣֻҹ˾һ˵ʱŻԼԵȥ룬ÿһζʹꡣ
ˮҲ⣬Ȼǰ޼ʹ࣬ϵһжȥˣξծһжȥоһɣԺˣڶԼҲŴԼԵծ޼۵ģοͷ޼һˣ޼һֱڵԼ
ܿ˾͵סͥԺĸڿ£ϲˮѷźãˮ˼ӡ
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ˮ΢Ц˵
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ĺǺЦܿģΪڵĵӣȴ޷ĿҲǺʹģںˣԼ첻ԼŮ쵽ˣԼ쵽ġ
ĵĺûгɻˣ׺ͷ޼ɾǲĵĺӣ׺оŮףһΨһһ
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һɾˮûмǿεջսذоǶڵͷȣˮжҸ£ԾȽԱͷˮС
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ЩˮòϣǸͷȣˮھͶȤоȼʹƲҲ϶١
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ʵӣˮ£ߵʵԼһʼǶ㣬û£ͷȰߵʵ˲ǡ
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ǸöֻˮãϽܣˮܻˮǧǽ͸˵ˣˮòϡ
ˮŲʹǲҲʵϧֻʧս¡վȺֻ֮֮ŻУֻʹòЧҪϴˮõôģϾڴ𽣼Ҳѷɫ١
ϧôǿĳͷ޷ʹãˮ뵽ϹŶ֮ﵽʵʱ컹ҪһΣˮ˿Զ֮⣬ǿ԰Ѳͬս֮ںмҪͣ;ɵǸɹ͵ʧܺͲ䣬Ķʧ
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ϹǿѾﵽһ۷壬һƿʱ޷ͻˣˮڴͻƣΪһ쵽ǳ磬쵽м磬ֻ쵽Ǹ߼硣
ȻֻǸŵķּ˵ֻǸԵıȽϣҲȷе˵ֻдﵽ̤ǿ֮С
ˮ֪ͻƲôףǿ򲻴˳ȻãΪԽԽѣԽˮԽǷ־ݴ½ˮණ޷⡣
ڵΪȻѾһ۷ڣ滹źܶԼģһ;ѿûд֮޷ɹ
ɾеޣЩѸٵĳɳԺԼұۣÿսŲɺӵãԺ󽫻ǿԼҩһֱûгǿ޷õĵҩˮ֪Ǹø˻ơ
ԺҲаɣԼǿĵҩҲǲˣһֱǿ޵ĵҩԼҪѪˡ
ˮЦЦоǲ״ֻʧȥ߼ʧȥʱŻʶϧ

ڶϣˮͥԺд̫ȭͨȭоȻƺٴδﵽ۷壬ҷִ̫ȭǲɽҲõչͬʱչĻС΢ˮϵĴ̫ȭز񣬾Ǿռ鶼Ъ
̫ȭҶԶԼˮЦЦȥҶ΢ЦſˮվԶˮо·һѤֵ̻Ļȥĸо
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779 ңã
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ˮɫƲͷԼͶԷʶҲʱ䣬ȻǸŮˮҪ뿪ˣÿŮ˶Ҫȥǵġ
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˲ʮˣͷһˣˮ΢Ц˹ҶүӡҶС㣡
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Ц˵ѻˮҵ˸ǣӦ£Ǿܾʹ뿪ˡ
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ˮҩݣҩʲôҲûƴǣЦſ廨ŵĶ࣬ÿһǶ˵Ĺȥô˵أҶҺҪԼòϡ
һҩݣһУдҩݵ֡ԣеҩȣҩݵݻ治ǧϡ
ҴղؾķᣬʣµļʯǮҶҷչ벻ЩˮڸоǮȻãڶˮûʲô
սסս֮Ҳֻܶ࣬Ƕˮε˵С˲٣۷嶼źܴ
һķչҪжĶ֧ţҪдв׼ţÿ˶ţ绹ͨ˹ɣοһͨдҲϣЩġ
ҩҲ٣඼Ǿ񵤣Уĺ٣ģˮֻƿģԼƵҲģò꣬ԶҶҡ
ʮռҶһҪˮߣˮòҲ֪ռӦǶЩϵģԥһ¾ֱ
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ˮҲҺ̨ǲǴӶҵõʲôˣһʼˮûдȥѶҵļңΪģȨҶҡ
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һ֣ˮߵﶼעӣʵѾϺǵˣ˵ֻҪ֮˶֪ˮĴڡ
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߽ȥˮоϢеѹ֣ҲɫԵʣׯԺеɫʯשͤӡɽľɫΪׯ԰˲ٵ
ׯ԰ܴ󣬵ǺԺܺңһֱ߾ˡ˲Ǻܶ࣬һҵҲٲˮ󶼻ᾪȣȻĴк
ˮЦһһӦ֪ԭʶԼ˹Ӧúܶˡ
Ժ쳣İҲǱȽ٣ֻһͤӣһˮءˮţˮһۿվϣʱ
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ˮվԣµˮأ㡢йꡢϺзڵˮţʱˮ뵽ǶҵˮأˮӦҲϺģֻǴʱӦö˰ɡ
Ҳǡʧ꼰㡱ɣžЦˡ
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ˮɲСߣɱϣκ鶼ǿ൱͸оӶԷϸܵһֲΪ֪ǿΣϢ
ˣҼǱˣ֪ˮҶʲôϵҶҵǸѾͷҲǰ;
ЦǺǵ˵
˵ĻпգˮǿģЦЦ˵ҺҶǺܺõѰɣҶСһ˳һҲףүӷĻԺϣ΢չһ㡣
ģһģͷҲαҰõѣʲôǧﱼҲ㣬ҲϣҪĻˮܼĻϣԮ֡
һ˵ĺ档
ˮ֪ԼҵĿģȻΪα˵Լң֮ûԶѣֻ棬ǸûκõķˣȻҲû˺ˣΪûκ壬˷ʱ䡣
ʵˣ˵ǻﻥĻǱ˴֮ԶԷñֵһֹϵٺõûнʱ䳤Ҳ͵ˣ¼ǰƣֻб˴˶ԶԷòŻ᲻Ͻ֮ĹϵҲãΪ˰֮Ϊһѡ
үһҲαϲֽʽСӻģֻҪܰϵһȫȥ
ˮЦųϿҵ˵һѶһ·Ȼܾҵ롣
úã
˿ĵЦ
ͤУˮһЩ½ϡŹֵ飬󲿷ˮʣ˵ûһˮ
ĻȲ쵹ҲǼ顣
磬ˮҳԵķʶҵˣ˵ֱϵҲҵĺԱǿˮҲ൱Ŀģһ޵Ů٩ˮ˵ûм˵Ļһ׷ˮ
˫ˮӣˮֻЦЦ


780 ̨ң֦
ˮΪ˻аģϾƳģڷֲ洫ԵΪۼΪʵˮ͸оҵͦõġ
ǰˮЩƺرĲ飬߿ƺദӴͻᷢʵһÿʵ飬ֻҪܽıģ󲿷˶ǿԺܺദġ
극ûжʱ䣬ˮǣ˿ˮҪߣ֪Ҳûһ˽ˮ͵ſڡ
ӻ֣ˮȥҪǰȥ̨ңȥ̨ҺҲ÷һţȥϺֱӻȥ
Ȼǰ̨һҪһ·̣ˮûȥ޳Ҳûмͳǲв첻ǰȥ
ʱչϵ˲٣ģǰˮоǰ˶࣬嫵ľݴ½˿ھǾţһëܶȵĵҲ٣ֻǾݴ½ĵ̫ˡ
ʱĺܿ죬̨֪ͬ۵ׯ԰ˮǰյſȴǿ̨Ƴ
ˮֵˡ
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Ҫţ
ˮЦ˵
ڼƣ͸ⲻֵˣһȥүһֱ߶ôû
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ˮݻׯ԰̨ҲˮһˣΪˮӴų֪̂ҵʵֻƾ̨ҳһ̨课Ѿ̨վһȻλá
ˮϺľǸŮˣһΪһŮˣˣŮǸŮ˶ûּʣһʵʱͲڼˣΪǸŮѳ˷˵ļޡ
̨ǳҴ壬˵ϱҪϲ٣Ҵ˿Զи׼Ҳһزٵ
ֻһܳ˲ţҲܰѼѪȥٵĻϾ߶ǹŵѪӣǴ廹С壬ֻҪ߾ͱⲻ˳һЩǻ
һׯ԰ķԺŮСÿһǴŹһʵ̾Ǵ
ҴԺôãⶼһݵʵõģﶼˣǰˮȻֻǸͨˣûг𸻣˵үƽΪûйƽƽĻͲеһעʳٻһеһעؤײˡ
һճӤƽʲôƽԣҲܹƽ
ˮĺɡ
̨Цű߱˵
ŶΪʲô
ˮ̨Ʋ˵
ΪҽҪŻؼһεģ˵ɲɡ
̨˵ﶼе㼤һԺ
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Ŷˣ̨诡
̨Ц˵
ˮȻѾ뵽ˣһ㶣ûҪǸһŮӣȥȹһ嵭ӡ
ݷҺ̨ңȴû뵽ôɣ֪ԼãĲ
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ȻˮҲ⿴ŮӵôǿҲǼٵľɫһҶ衢۳㡢׺¡˫䣬¸¥ʦװݺӡ庮ҷҵǸŮˡࡢ｣裬ȻܶŮͼϵŮӣҲѷɫ٣ϾʮŮͼ޷ŮˣҲʮֻǸͣŮͼϵ϶ÿһ͵ļڡ
ͻȻˮ뵽Ǹ׹ǸˮеŮӣ۳ףһҶ費ʳ̻ǸˮеŮȻû۾ɢϢһҶ񣬻оˮоѹȣһĸоǰƺоܴѹ
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һ˵ˮҲǶ̨һЩ˽⣬̨Ȼ滹һ棬Ѿôʼ飬ǼشΣջ߱ѵʱŻ
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ĵƺܸˣԸ˿ϺҲǲģǲ֪ʦװ¸¥е飬οʱѾˣԸɴһʱɣȥʱ·ϸϵ΢Ϳˡ
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һ޼ʵϺɽ֣ǿɶϺУˮ֪һϺ

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ϾϺеסǵ߲һߵĴ󺣣οǵҲСԼĻͲΣϾЩĵ춼һһôŵ˿ڲҲǧγԼϵͳЩһȾݴ½Ҫ
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СɽҲİ׸ߣԶĺˮĻʧߵˮڰҲǿĵζȥġ
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ˮе˲ϵĳбɽϣˢĹ⻬羵


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ֻоİ׸ߵľĴǵصϢˮóǽȥ
ˮ߽ˮУĺˮˮʶƣʵתͻҪڼ֮С

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ˮɵģˮ沨ֻǽƣˮᣬ̫ȭգᣬԲ֪ȥˮԼϤⲨ˵ԣ̫ľƺҲڷ΢ı仯
һˮڲе۾ɫƽ֮ĴڲУ˻ǰ˻ƶ䣬ǿԱܿǾ޴ľˣЩһҪӲͨİ취һԴﵽĿġ
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һ칬ׯ԰˲٣ƺݻҲǹȥȻҵôҲݵϾһЩϻҪס
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౴ʶߵʱˮ˵ﵽͻʣڽʾʵĻƽѸ١
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ҩЩҩݣȻҲǺ󣬵ȴǶڵˮ˵ѾʲôԺ׵ҵ
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ʱԶվţΧʮֻɫɵֻǺϴһÿһֻ߳ԲĿŽһʸС
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ǳ˾ǿģֻǸо̫ͻȻˣһҶ迴һεĲҲĿԴԼ̤ʨ롣
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һѵһһ˿⣬ʱڷŽ


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ֹ죬ƽԶǹĺܿ죬ˮѾ¶ˣǸҲûг֣Ҳʣÿ춼ŪŮӹǰδеĿġ
ˮڱգһԵʦװһ߶Ůһߺˮһ칬ɽɢСѾͷЦ
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ˮģȻûб䣬һЩ仯ʮĿ꣬ҳɹ൱ĸߣֱʹѱʦĿǡ
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ǰµʱ䣬ˮҪѰǵʱ򣬰ȴǳˣˮԺˣʱи칬ӵ
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ˮܾģһ룬ҪսģԺҪ򼸴ʵսˣһЩĳ棬ֵĻ


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Ů˲ҪʣֻƾͿԣҲǹƽģˮûзŮʲôʣֻ˵һţӦ֮һ
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λߵûоʲôΪ칬ûǿԲŻֵһδɵС棬ݣûǿߣȻעˣʲôصĵطϾʦС
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Ϣ֪Ǻǻȥ˵ʦһеգҪ˵ʦҵ칬һȥǣǲܡ
ǳʱ㣬ʦҵʵҲǲ˶ֱĶ࣬ԽĻݵҰƺҲСˣʺԼļ壬ԽʵõԽ࣬ûʵΣյġ
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ӸʲǾѣŮͬҲǣˮͨһ㶫ŮĹ΢һĹʳӵ֮תΪӶԼΪ
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ݴ½һЩӼϣ˵ЩطŮӵĵλӸߣǸطŮ٣˶࣬һЩвһĵλҲ͸ıˡ
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ˮǸоԷȻľοʲô˭ԸԽǿԷԼɴֱӱƶԷֱӷơ
ʵηɱ˻˲񡣡
ϵûжЦ˫۴û뿪ˮ۾
Ҵ򿪴˵ˣαôأûˣ칬ʲôˣ칬ԼʲôҲȽҲ˽⣬ֱ˵ºˡ
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ˣҿ͸㣬Ҳðգôʦҵġ
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ˮ˵͵ڱ˶ըֱúܶš
ҲǱˮĻһ㶣ֻǺָܿˣҪƥ֮£Ҫ˼󶨡
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ܻ֤ҲǸƥ֮µˣǣλվˣʱˣҲٶˡ
ˮܲ˵
ˮûбҪ˺СģԴĳɷ̫ߣԱݱƳҲȻ֣һҪԼŻ֡
ˣҪ̫һû¹κˡ
ҲǸǣˮҧ˵
¾ݣҲƶ֮أǴǱ˱Ƶ޷ȥôþټҰǨ
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Σǻǿġ
߿ˮǵ˵
ʦҺ˵ͬĻһ֮˲֪ϧҪΪ˼ȡδݣȴҪǲоܸ𡣡
ˮŶɫϵı任


793 ޶ɷ򣬲һ
ǰǸ߾Ȼϳϸܵĺ飬ˮĻըһϣܴﵽʵ˶Ǵ֮ˣֻʱĻǱʶѻǱʶ䵱ԵѸо޷ͻʱԵǸ塣
ǸоڻȥԲŻݣԽٴβоĵطһҪñ˸оԼĸ߹
ڱˮ߷߲ѣһʱĿˮ
磬ҪǷϻɱҰҵ˾Ҫۡ
ԵĿ߿һٵʾһ̲ס˵˳οʱȻҪҵҪֻ
˵ʵǲûһ˶Խʦģǻ칬ʲôǰ֪ʲôʵ
ܰʦұߣɼǵʵʦǿܶ࣬ǲǾˮġ˽֪֪˰սʤݲ˿߲Żŵ̬
ʵǿֱ飬ΪʲôҪԼһôЦĽڣѵԼоǲӦġ
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磬ӣӣɱˣǰҵӵܱɱǵϷŮҪΪͨԴᡣ
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ˮͺһ̤ǰ׼õͱǽУ˾ХѾˮǰ

סԷ۽𾦺ͻ֮δ֮ǰ˶Էϣǽֱһ֮˴
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ʵˮһ˲䣬߱ˮˣѹ֮ʣоǴ籼ڵĽӣϡ
ȻˮͲ֣նݳҲŹһ̵ˣǸԼԼ˹ȥ

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ˮߵ޺ߵϳ˳飬ƺеˮһʦҵģֻҪô
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Ȼˣɱ
ǰʲôʱô۸

мɫ䲻Ȼǿɱ˵ģǿɱģ߱ɱ鲻ֹۡ
ԱߵŮɫҰףĿΧ
ĸֵܣСһ𳤴ûзֿ³ɻԼĺӡӣֵֵܾܣһɱһǸߴʱҲóԼĳ
鵽һѾܿƣҲҪսףһѪԣ֪ҲҪ֣οǸо԰칬
սһʼѸ˺ûг˻ܺʮֻɵûǰڲԶվţ޻š
ǿоɺֻܶ࣬ɵͻߣǰȥˮȻܵĵȼǺܸߣǱ̬Ŀȴܿסǵǿ߹
ΪǿȻѾǾͽЩȫɱЩѾ칬ҲǸʵˮҲһֱŷһ޶ɷ
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һ߱ʷסҲߵľʵ̫࣬ʷǿߵеѸٵʧˮǰܿʵһʱֻɵͻȻ³֡
Ƭֻ̣һ̲Ѫ
ˮɵһγ֣Ѹ⣬ûǿֲĿҧ޵еٶȣΪ඼һЩصģֻҪҧƶᱻȾƻĿ塣
һֻɵֱӴߵд
һת۵ʱԷʮǿеʣµɫˣǲףΪʲô˵ʵûǸܵǰôǿȴǡ
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վһǿóɱУ
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ͻ
ٴηǰĹֱӽ
һʱ䣬һ˻Ǹ㶨ΪļֻɵѾʣļ˸㶨Ǹ޵ŮҲûѡ
ˮ˷ܵоСѾͷͦսģСѾͷֽһ쳹ݡ


794 սһսҪ
սˣսҲʱ䣬һˮĽ֮˶Էһʩչͬʵֱɱֹ
һٽ㣬ͬʵѾһޣҪǿܣ˲ԭĻһؾҲǱǰĸ࣬ѾԳˣһȫ
˾ܴ󣬵ڹںһ֣һܴ˾Сˣûʲô˻ûлĻᣬǶԷˮʵ̫߳ࡣ
޵׻ϵһʷͻƺҲӲ٣һǸ߸ǵùԽԽױʷġɱóѡ
оǣɵҲǰԵޱȣ𺳵ٶȺͿֲˮҲǾ֣ٹһЩʱ̤𣬵ʱȺǿ
ͷβ˺ĸ΢ϵ߻ûг־ͱɱ
ܿ콫һзٻٸɾ˰ɨɾ
˵Ͻ֤٣Ͼ칬㳡Ҫֵġ
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칬ʵҲرһĶǾӢȻܿ쵫ҲǼʮܳΪЩɣ˵Զܡ
ˮоϣǺܴģΪǳɣҲ˵ڵÿһ˶۷ϵʵ෴ɻҪʡ۷Լά
һˮоĺܿģһ֪һЩҵձʵ֪Լ칬һʲôλãһ̺ͽսбҪ
һжǵڶˣʦҵĽһΣԺ˭칬עҪúÿˣһֱͬһϵģ԰ҵĽעҪ硣
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ѱʦսһ㶼ѱʦм䣬ΧԼޣҲԼıޣָԼϣҲԷԶ̹߿ѧϰһЩս㶾ʲôġ
һսʱȻ̣ܶȴǰս֮Ŵ򿪣֪սŵͷսҲսʶѣԺսʵҲͻͽķչ
Ϊӵбûеġ
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СѾͷĵıˮĲӣЦö֮
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ˮĵ˵ȻߵĲ׺£Էˮ˵㡣
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׺ˮЦֱͦСӡ
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СˮĵĽš
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׺һ˵ŮһЦţЦݼǴΨտˮʳָ󶯣Ͳ׺ײһܿò׺ϲԾһĺΡ
ʹˮһۣˮֻǱЦ׺²Һˮӣﻹűأ˿֮Ĵ
͵㣡
˶࣬Сӣպɣһ㣬ˮǿĶŮˣǺˮйϵеĸѾˮˡ
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۳߹ˮԱʵˮڿɹһƤɳϣǲ׺£ұ౴ֻ౴ˮ֮仹һЩ룬۳ȥոպá
۳ºŸое㲻ԾˮĹϵֻ֮ѾǺˣˡҲˣֻ˲֪Ƕˡ
ҲǱʶģº۳ŷе㲻ȻˮζˮŤһ¡
һǳ֪ԭҲˮˣ㱾֪ģֻǵ۳һֱûõ˵˶ܿ϶ϾˮŮ˺𾴣֮Ĺϵֵĺܺã޷˿ȻҲ˻ɡ
ҵ񣬵۳Ҳ̲סˣˮôЦſܿɫҲֻôΡ
㣬ˮ硭
౴һ߿ŵ۳Ц


795 ׼ƶذ
ڶ֪۳ˮĹϵܶ˶ܿģ౴͵͵ˮĴָˮЦá
ԿˮҲ͵͵Ĵָˮϲ𣬺Ľģ棬Ķǣһף
۳ȻԿˮ˵Ľˮһ۾˳ȥûпôΪЦЦֻεĲ֪ôȥ
ˮȥɡ
׺һԶˮ
ˮ磬ȥɣ㿴ɩӶȥˡ
౴ǺЦ
ˮٺЦЦȻ˵һȥҲȥǸ۳һ̨£Ͼ˵ҲͦΪġ
˵ЦУˮ߳˴ţȻźԺȥ²۳ںԺ
һԺԶ۳ӰһϮѩؼ䣬׵˸оңԶ˿еįŸԿ
ˮҡҡͷԼǰ֣ѾǺˣԼȻоԼ΢СֻսԼʱŻɢǿţԼҪͻƣֻԼʵ㹻ǿ󣬲վǰ
ˮ֪ԼҲǿǣοŮ֮û䲻֮˵ֻҪþͺãֻ̫ˣһ׹뷲ӣˮŻһЩ뷨
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λʵģʤʵָоֱӳϵģһǸܣʵкȻûһ𣬵֮ҲǷ˺ܶ飬ԼѾǣȻ۸Լ
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ǰĳһŭΪգɽˣϷɼһŮŶôãŮ˿Իܹ;ǽӦһ־
ˮرסܰ¶ȻĸоֻԼ˵ͻƺ󡭡
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ȶԷˣҲ԰ﵽԼһζԸˮоôѣȻҲôԵģҪź·ɱС
ʶĺ黹綾ĺҲмЩʱ䣬ˮһҪ׼һ¡
ںԺȻû˴ţʱҲˣ۳оûȥˣˮǰԺȥ
Ըʱˮ˵㣬սҲֻˮڼ۳ڶ岻֡
ڶҵĶˣܿģ֪ԼôĴﵽˮƽΪˮ뵽ԼŮͺܿġ
ܿ쵽ˣԴˮ󣬻ϴҳԷһģ극ɢˣˮҲ뿪صԼķɾ
ҪΪս׼ǰʦҺͶҿǶͰлֻԼʵҪЩǳ˵Ρ
ʲôֻҪʤܻžͿԣݴ½öɲ٣ǿھݴ½ռסһϯҪλãǸǶöɺңݴ½滨ǧ֣жҲ˲ٵöߡ
ˮʵ٣ֻҪµʵڽֱ֮ɱϽվ޵ϣˮʵǺֲܿġ
ˮɱУֻҪ޶סϾ·һ
ˮ֪ԼĸǿֻϹǿͻƣڱƺǿ֮ûзڴ죬оһشת۵㡣
ˮûмΪҪ׼㶫ҾԼҪǿˣԼǻ¾Ϳ㹻ˣǸʱԼһҪɱС

ˮ뵽ԼŪѶˣΪвˣ꺮꺮ĲΪкпµĺ֮ܽӹַӳҲǷǳµġ
ˮ뵽սذæóذذʺģӣġ
֪ذʲôɵģذһһ磬ָرСذˣҲΪԭˮذġ
ˮóϴЩӴ洢ĶȻʼƣʶĸӾˮʨ޵ľǿЩ
óǺôһ꺮ԳƵϱˣǧ꺮ѾϲĶˣ꺮ʯһġ
ûһȭͷС꺮ڻҲᴿһˮ
һ죬ˮĹ¶ȹһֱʶǰ칬õЩʶͣѾﵽı״̬ˣˮʨ޵ľӳγһſŵĶ飬ˮرġ
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൱⣬ϴδ칬õʶһ࣬ҧҧˮóʮţȻ϶ˣŪѿֲġ
ƶģıҪˮóʮʶƶġ
ˮһƶе㼤Ρ
ذұУȻʼˮ˿⣬ȻǵһΣҲʧܡ


796 ɱɣ㶾
ˮСذڵذڵʣذøӾֻܸõնء
һƣˮذر͸£ֻһͿԶ϶ذǺöذڵʷǳ٣ֻһٵ۹
ˮʮʶŽȥٴһֱذȫʶҺвͣΪذҪʱЩҺ
ͣˮһЩģһЩôĶһ飬Ȼ󿴿Ǻܴ꺮ˮٴȡһ飬ʼŶɺͺ顣
꺮ǧ꺮̫ˣһεģΪ꺮رӲ꺮ĺ޷ʩչ˫ƣΪ꺮ˮڵʵײѵġ
ǧ꺮ͺ붼һԵģʹһκʹҵҲûʲôˣ꺮һʹһκ󻹿ԽʹãֻҪû𻵻ҵĻҪ´㶾
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꺮ǧ꺮ѶҪ˺ܶ࣬ҪʱҲǳ˺ܶ࣬һ㶼ȡ֮һζʮһ֮
ֻҪвϣǺܿģʮһŴϸţë꺮һҲûж٣ʣʮеʶȡŻЩöڶҺУʣµľǵʱˡ
꺮Ҳ켸ţЩһԵģǧ꺮һֻһԵĻˮоۡ
һȥˣˮûֿһߡˮ֮ƶȶΪǱоӦúúøлⱾҪⱾĻˮоԼûн죬ɥʦ˰ɡ
ʱ䣬ذھȻѾޱȣΧĶҺҲʧˣѾذյˡ
ˮʶһº⣬Ҫʱ䳤˻ԣ·ʹ֮ĳϵԺõȣһõģľ˵ͨ飬Լʶ
Ե㶫һٺúõ˯һþˮżδɵ飬ǰѾһε꺮궾Һذŵ׼õģ
ſʼǿ꺮һεε꺮ˮģذϣһԻһһϸСĹ쵽ģϷÿһʱͻһڵҺ壬ʶҺʣµļʶ顣
һֱôţǸḶ́ˮ֪ʶչ΢΢۾꺮һεεʧҪȫʧҪܳʱ䡣
һȥˣ
ȥˣ

ھ죬һֱھ죬ǿ꺮ڻѾֻʣָͷǴСֻ꺮ܶȳߣôһСҲܵγٵҺǱߵĶҺҲֻʣһ㣬ÿһʱγһΡ
мˮѾԹξȻŲȥرмǶʱ䣬ҪȫʩΪĵʵ̫죬ͼÿתһȦͻһЩЧڣȻоҲŲȥ
һ꺮ȥˮһֻǻͣʶҺֳ˰ʱһҲ˽ȥڽȥһ˲䣬ذ׷һں֮ڵļ£һһɫı
꺮ĺº͵Ļһֱʱһֱܵһ˲ںϺͣǰǹɺʱѾɹˣ꺮ȫذںϣкЩںϡ
ںϵʱⶾһ˿֮ɫɫȻܵˣȻԿĳذɫذģҪҪãһҪ綾Ķ˵ˮ㶾ذʵҲǾ綾ˡ
һֱŶȴˮǰһЩ񳤶һ磬ȴﵽָ忴һѶϵ棬ֱ䣬ֻǺܿһ˿ӵϡ첲ȫһˮоԼʹذףˮӦǺܺöˡ
̲סˮֱͨȥ
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ˮһ㶣⵹ͦϵģ¿ֻа˸֣Ϭ綾
ˮںã˸ֻ˵Ҳ֪綾ȻеƣҲһ㿪ĵģΪԼͨĸ綾ⶾһܶˮҪľЧ
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ѶȳƵɱˣڳ䲻⣬ЩʱѸٺͶԷƴʱЧںЩǿսԼֻܿЩͻƵ죬ֻƾʵɱʵʩҲʵһֻ֣ˮǱʶеų⡣
ˮǸɱˣֻЩ˱ɱΪҲҪɱ
жɱˣȻߵɱһߣһǿһɱ飬һǿݣһǿ߶ǲʬȥġ
ɱ޹ǵʦҺͶңҲֻɱһЩǿߡЩģҺ칬ûʲôвĻ϶뿪ˣΪһܴŵ㣬һҲ޺Ĵ֮ϾͻȻǰǸо޷ԽԷʱͻ
עΪˮԼҺ칬ĵʯܣѰ·ˮ¶Ӳǿ˺ʵҾˣԶûκκøе˵ȻÿȻڵԼ
ãˮԼĶ֮ľҲȻûͻơ
㶾꺮꺮黹ҪһЩӽݣɾˮģʱϾû⡣
ʱ֣ˮɾϦѾߣͮͮģ綼·˺ɫ
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СѾͷһҲ£ЦͣҲܵˮǰˮſ˫ҲҪˮ
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ˮҲ˵ŻСһЦ
׺ȴˣÿζȺС棬ֻС˯磬֮ͻԼÿζǰϲϢ
һչȥˣ׼Ķ׼ˣһ߶˵һ֮׵Ҹ
ϣ
ˮҲˡ
׺±ס֪ƣˮĵ˵
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797 սǰϦ
ƽˮӵŲ׺£һһ̣ʲô룬Ѿﵽľ磬֪ǶݵģΪողŵ𽵹ꡭ
һ̵ĸоˮϲҲܣֻڿԱһƽ͵ĸܰů´档
ѩ֬ˮǱȳлҪ⻬ļϣ׺½һ
ˮ𶯣׺°סˮ
ÿ춼뱧˯ֻҷֱ޷˯ˮò׺·ԼУǰķͦĵǰ״ѩϸ壬̲סḧ

ˮûô˯׺Ҳûô˯ˮɾϢ׺ˮȥķʱҲܺúϢ˵ʵǼ첻ϢҲûʲôӰ죬ֻˮж㣬˯ΪҲȲӡ
ˮˣ׺˯ᣬɫոԺûзǵϤٻӰ

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һը𣬸гֵдӴյһ˿ؼ
Ȼϵ쵤ٵתԴϴγˮʵͻͽһֱûͻƣӲӵ쵤תţĵֻĵҺ̬
ˮԼĵ᲻쵤һᵤϹǿһ쵽ʱֱ̬ҺˣһֱڻҺ̬տʼʱܶȴ˲֪ٱȻҺ̬·Ĺһˮ²⵽ǲǻ̻ᵤ
죬ˮʱʵ˲ʮϵģϹǿӳмתֱñʵʮֹˮرڴ졣
쵽Ǵм߼ת䣬ͻƵ죬תɹӦʮֹϾǸ߼׶Ρ
һ뵽ˮ͸оѪڣʵʮĻԼʵ
νһЩҡĳһһĴڣϧܿˮͱһͷˮ
Լ쾳磬ҲϣڻҪƴԼȫ첻ôͻƵģҪһЩǺܴĻ뵽Լ˫޹й˫һ£ֻ˫һͻƵɾ
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ǰ漸ζɾͻƺûжϹǿҲͻƣһˮоӦҲǣԣúбҪȰɾ߲㡣
ֻǵ۳ڲʺϣˮо˫ʱ򣬼ڳûкʵˣоǼʹ˫Ҳľɾﵽ߲㡣
ãһҲûʲôõģ˫µһˣܺԼһĵĽϻо̤ʵֻӰˮоԺҪʱеӰ
ôԼʱ˫ɾ뷨ΪӰˣҡҡͷˮ˳ȻֻܵȹȻɡ
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նˮӰһֻһʱһֻصľܣʱһֻߡ
̫ȭдĸָоΨһǷϣݡˮԼﵽֿ龳硣
ˮʱΧҲ½ˣˣΧӵеѾʼ뿪ˣеҲ׼뿪Ҷûдˮ
ˮʱһ΢㣬ΪҪֵճеҲΪҵ緹һ㡣
ˮͣ׼ߵʱ򿴵Զվ࣬ЦЦ˹ȥ㣡
ˮϧ㣬ֻǲû̫ʱҲ֪ôĸףĸ׺ǷʮĶˮǿֻҪǿˣŻ֣ΪҲûʵŻĿࡣ
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ЦŰˮ츧ƽ
ʵҲһ㣬ѾܿˣˮҵһʵԼˡ
ˮһǰԺȥֻܵˮоҲ֣ܿڵҲ㣬һָоܰƺһһֱƽ
㣬ЩһֱæʲôҲ˲ϣʲôԸ𣿡ˮЦſ˵
ϣĸƽϣƽϣǴҶƽƽġǳЦſˮ
Լʲô𣿡ˮ˵Ỻ
ϣҲһôǿ󡣡˵žЦˣЦˮʲôܲµԼ˵һµʱһսֻվһԡ
࿴ˮҡ칬Ķ鶼һ֧ţһ˶ңźܶˡ
ҴӦ㣬һǿġ
ˮЦſ࣬˵
һ㶣ΪˮֻЦŰԼֻǿӣ֪ˮӲ˵ѻ֪ԼǿǺѵġ
ˣˣڣܿĵãסʲô鶼Ժ˵ˮü˼˵
ţ֪ˡ࿪ĵЦ
ˮҩԼȱҩرʵģһᵽҩͻ뵽Ԭգϧڲ˼ȥˣԷ˵ˣҲûûƤˡ
ϧԼҩҪһЩʱܵ¸һ֪¸ҩʲôҩҵ˿Դȥѱޡ
ֻԼ޵ĻҲῪĲٰɣ

ʱҴҶȥתľ϶Ǳùͺͺģ֪һ¾͹ȥˡ
ֵǰһûг֣칬ҲԼ鱨ϵͳݵһЩĶ̵ʱ䴫һЩݵҲ⡣
ͻˣǰͻƵһߣҪҵĴ
ӵģһͻʵȻﵽ˿µһٰʮʵ𵱳ˮҪǿ󣬻Ѿһ۷׶ˡ
һͻʵõҲ⣬ȫʵѱʦѱ޵;йϵѱ޵ʵҲ;йϵԽǿѱԽ࣬ʵҲǿ
̽鱨Ѿ칬ʱҪһܺˣˮ鱨Ӧûвʱ䡣

ֻ˫չ°׵ľ޴ڿлÿֻңΪ׵һֻ޴ںվߣǶһ£ֻһֻ񿥵İ
ڤף
ֻ۷弶ڤףԿһּµĻ棬ˮҲܱյһֻٶ͵ޣֻƾʹѾǱĺܿ¡
棬СʵԳΪڤһǰЦ


798 ۳͵㣬ã
Ǽˣǳ¶ûһŴ˵ԷʵǿǶ칬Ǹŵ˽̫٣ܸое㲻ס˻ǵ˫ۿԶ𽥱
ڣҲ̫Ǹ˺칬˰ɡߺǺЦ
ɵʵΣȻˣ꺣ʲôĵ˶СʦȻǰңǱһĻ˵ʵԲСΪҲ׵Ķսʦҡƽ˵ûкԵĸ鲨
ǣڣǰȥҪô꺣ɻʵоƺûжֵĸо
ʱ˵Щ⣬սһõİ취˲ɣɫƺŻ䡣

ˮ
ˮ󣬻ͷӲԶ˹Իһŵ΢Цˮ֪Ϊʲôе㷢š
һʼֻþУλĻþֻǻþַϳǵļҾ߳ǣȻ֪ǽ¥ػ㽣
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ļ֣Ϊ۳칬Ϊ˽ӽ۳Ϊ˽¥ػʱˮϽ¥Ųɵ͵ìܣĺˮһЩĦڸ
УʲôԭԼǺ
С㡣ˮЦ˵
ôң̫ˡЦ˵Իֲʵ͵۳ƮϢơ
ɴະҽɣڴҲ֪ҺĹϵˡˮŵǺЦ
룬Ҫ㣬Ϊݴ½ĴþݶʱҺ򡣡գգ˫ԻõЦ
Цš뻹һ͵۳ƣֻʴһһ۳ĳһЩӺݵĹ
㲻ҽûʲôֻ㲻ܲ𣿡
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ȻɫܲȻˮҲҪˮҲҪ𣿡
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Цģ档
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ֻǵȻƺһʪ󣬸еίˮˣæ˵ޣҺ㻹Ϊ۸ء
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㣬Ҵˣˣ˵ɣʲôҶӦ㣬˿Ͳˡ
ˮͷġ
ߣֲûбҡ
һɿˮǰҲ֪Ϊʲôͱסˮ糺졣
ˮϴںһȥݵʱ򣬱ƲѱһŮˣ֪仰ȴļС
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ԭǣΪˮǵ۳ϵӣǰЩŲɺӵãˮܺ棬ȻҲȤܸܵˮûԼ
˺֣˭淴һŮӣŮǺܺõѣһŮӺϲӣϧ׷ӣһŮǶûиоʱӺ׻ϲǸϲŮӣʵǺܴ淴֣Ҳ׵õĲ󣬵òԶõģΪԶ֪ʲôо
ˮĻҭһ㶣ε˵ǰҲˣǳƽˡ
˵ˮ֪ˣЦֻоҪˡ
ˮоô𣬾ô𣿡
㿴ˮһίˮ˳ѩ׼
ˮ֪ô˵ˣһֱӽסô㣬ĳŮҲ᲻𣿡
Ư𣿡
̧ͷˮʵ
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Ҫ֪ʵʲô˼㿴ˮ˫һգգ˵
ˣˣʿɶֹˮ˵
һķ·ѵһ糺죬ԹĿˮһѸӿˣֻˮȴãվҡ
ھٱҲ֪Լ˼Ѿ˵۳˵ȻƯ˵ƯһҪӵУŮͼϵŮӣŮһҪ飬ˮΪоԼߵŮӹˣҲûиʱ䡣
Ů˸оίչ˽ģǲģԺԼĸµŮӣҲ׷ֻǵ۳ãϣ۳
ˮ
ˮһͷȻĿĵ۳ȻƮЦſˮоһ󲻰
ϲ㡣۳Ц
㿴ˡˮЦ˵
ʵϴڵۼҵʱҾ֪ˣϲ𣿡۳ЦſˮɫȻҲƽ
ˮŵ۳һţҵˣԶǡ
ˮĻ۳Цˣˮ˵СϲҺҲ֪ΪʲôʲôֻҪϲģͻֻû뵽㡣
õ飬鲻תáˮо۳Ҫʲô˵
뵽ˣˮ뿪ңҲ뿪ģѵһҲϲ𣿡۳ˮʵ
Ұ㣬ûָоˮҡҡͷЦ
۳Цסˮ˵ϲĻҲġ
ˮĲ֪۳ʲô˼ãԶմϢŮӣˮӵסʱǻоƺңԶֻϴλ̹ʱŸо͵۳κܡ
ˮҪ뿪ˡ
۳Ļˮоһըһ㶵Ŀŵ۳һʱоһƬհס
ҪˮҲ뿪ģȰҵȥ뿪һʱ䣬һġ۳ˮ͵Ŀ˵
ǲʲôˣң㡣ˮҵץסֻ˵
ûµˮȰҵȥҸòá۳һֱЦţˮовôƽ
ãʲôһҪңŶ˵鷳顣ˮ˵
ʲô鶼˵ġ۳ǺЦš


799 Բľ̤ǿ
۳ˮ·ѹһʯͷһõ۳ҲǸоԼǲǴˣø˵̫ģҪڰ֮˵
ˮ뵽ǰľٴ룬ѵ֪۳Ҫ뿪Դźܴƽɾ

꺮꺮鶼Ѿ˴㶾ˮЩƵպãϾڻҪЩ
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ˮ䷳ʩչΣֻһɱﷳ˼Ϊ֪۳Ҫ뿪Ϣġ

ˮɾһﲻ±͵һ̤̤
ɾһյϣûֲҩݣҲˮĵط϶ɾرȽţΪǿġֻҪˮıģܿǸˮزˮһĻָԭȫĿơ
ԣ
ֻһ޴ں֮ӿȥɾϳһ޴ĺ蹵ǹˮоôϤ
Բ磡Բľ̤
ˮǿϲΪ̤ǹֻдﵽԲſԷӳΪ֤ʵ뷨ֱ̤ն𣬽ٴһ̤̤
ͽվ̤Ƶľ̤ʱˮ嶼ڲڳˣ̤Բˡ
̤Բ磬ʮıʵֻˮıֻǧһٿԲľ̤ҲֻܷӳǶһ
սкóģͻƻˮϲΪԺʵǿˣʵȥˣ̤ҲȥοڱǰһɲɵóͻվǼ˿ĵ顣˵ҲҪŬͻƵġ
ĵˮɾһδεʩչž̤ɾ⣬ȻֱŰôСĿռֱӱˡ
ˮģվʩչ̤û飬վľ̤Լһ࣬ˮԼɾڳƻɾвϵĴˮʩչ̤ı
񡢽վ޲ûиֻܵţΪǿˮ޵ǻȻ࣬ǰЩҰǿ̫ˣϾˮԺһЩ򵥵Ĺͨʶ
̤ȻеǷȱˮĵǿݹһΣΡ
ˮܾõģϾ֮ϣӦòεģˮԼƺץʲô
֮һϹǿʣ졢졢죬ɾǻʣ߲㡢˲㡢Ų㣬˴ӡʣˡˡˡ
һƺһֿϵھݹεĻǲǱʾѾǴһȱڡ
ӦһõĿʼ
ӦÿεˮϽʶڿΣ⼸СɵĻ˵ԽͰҵĽĪĺô
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ˮϤͼ̲סĵĽ˳
һֻչ߷ɵĽɫ̵սʣµĻɫһƬӰˮ飬ڶ࣬һоҲܳԱݣ̫Ѷȣ˵ն಻ѹ
Ȼһ쵽ʱɾԭҲʱ䣬¹ĻҲСɾ硣
СɡɡԲ磬Сɾ绹Ǻ״ﵽģʱúǿԵģˮǰļΣСɾʹõʱ䶼ûг꣬ɺԲ粻Ҫʱ䳤Ҫǿԡ
ˮĿڵһսϣֺͨչᣬˮһʹˣ̫ǿˡ
չ᣺ĶطչᣬҡֱϾСɣһжٶȺһĹٶȣٶһɣ屶жٶȺ͹ٶȣԲʮжٶȺ͹ٶȡ
սģ
ǿ죬ˮȷԼûпƷɣֻû뵽ٶϾȻεľ̤ӵķȲࡣ
ԼԲֻƾٶȾʵԹƣٶȾ
ֻˮ뵽˾̤һֱ꣬һôˮĸоȰĿСɣֻҪͻƵСɣһٶҲԼʵˮƽӣ൱һֱü絤Ч
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ˮֱӿǸսˮսõĻʱһţԺȫʱ䶼չϡ
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Щǣʵݴ½߻ᷨ˲٣ֻǷ󣬺ܶҩʦ֮ҩ;йϵ͹йϵˮĻͺǿ
֮ĶˮҪԲڴչᣬ
ˮ־ݹɾƺǺԼеĹϵ֮ģˮоû˱Լӿսˡ
ºˣˮоһֻҪһͻƵСɶܸԼӲƵսһˮог˶־
ˮҲ˷ʱ䣬ֱӿʼչʹ֮ĵʼиһҪѹо͸ٶȽ֣׳⡣
͸£Ҳл᲻ƣ͸ǱȽ֣ǸԼһϤС
һʱʱˮͻǲƪϣȻ󻺻˳ʶɾʱѾȥһˣˮʼ
ʱˮȻѴ󲿷ʱ䶼չʹ֮ϣҲỨʱ䣬һʱ䡣
ˮֵĺܿ죬ôϲԣǿԵģҪͻСɻҪʱ䣬ͻƵСϣܴ󣬵Ҳܿ϶
ʱһȥɾУˮڿյϲϵĴӰƮȴǳ˿񱩵ͻһ˵ĸоûͰϡ
ˮĴչѾĳ̶ȣһµĳɹ
ˮһ㶼ǽʱ䣬ÿˮֻϢʱ⻹ǰԷʱ䣬ʱ㹻ˣÿʣµʮʱУĸʱչᣬĸʱ֮ģʱ


800 ˼Ѳ£죬СɵĴչ
£ʱ÷ɿ죬֪ˮѾ˳ɾʱ䣬ܿģȻչʹ֮ĶûͻƵСɣȴѾޱȣˮ൱⡣
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ˮ
ˮһҶЦŴкˮЦЦ߹ȥ۳ǳףһҶǸһֲʳ̻ĸо
裡
ˮѾĺ֣شûиıҪԭڻҪԼɫ
ΪˮûֹˮȴǸоرĲƽҪԼϵӣԼûʲôء
ˮȴǴûҪȢһҶ뷨Ϊоһ£ΪԼĵӣˮԼʦȻûн̵Լٶ
һҶЦЦˮˣȥ߰ɣɢɢġ
֮ã
ˮЦŴ
һҶЦˮһۣһ۵ķȴױȣˮڶŮǲģοŮһֱСĵĺǻţҲһ¡
裬Ǹûϲˡ
ˮʳԼƺǵڶˡ
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һҶɴ˵ȻЦЦĿˮоȻһˮоɰɫ
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Լ˸ĺӣʱʱ۳˫ԼŮˣԼҲое㲻ڣ뵽ί˸ое㲻֪Ϊʲô
һҶ迴ˮϵɫһʱҲ֪ʲô飬ϲӣһҪҲǾ棬ǾڤգҲоܿ֡
ֻǰˮᵽԼĺʱ·ʶ⣬ʵž޴ĳѾȴԼҪˣҪӡ
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һҶĳĬˮһ󷢻ţһҶȴЦˣǵŮ
Ȳ̸ǵһҪңˣԶǵŮ
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һҶҡҡͷҲǵӣҲֿܷȻܵġ
ãǾͲֿԶֿһ㵱ŮӰ
ˮ˵ϵһҶжһ
仰ǺģȴǸоֻижЩĺܺãֻԼߵŮһһô㣬ͻȻ·ʶһ⣬ϲԼ
ôʱ䣬Լ֮ʱҲܰģʱҲһԼĶʱֻûжԼйȷıʾ
ôˣΪʲôԼЩ
һҶϲȻĺˣ΢΢ĵͷ
ˮһҶɫΪԼǾ仰æ˵ҲǸ˼ﻹҵʦûǸ˼
ˮĽͣһҶ̾ȴ΢Цţû£֪
칬źɽȥȻ칬ڵߣɽˣϤڹ｣ĵطѾ֪ˣǸ欵Ůڻðɡ
ĴţһҶ贵ȹɡ
ˮһҶһϺнĵʱ˽һҶʲô֪Ҫõʲô̤ʨҲǣûеõ׿ڳϣԼʵôͻͽûˮоԼʨ̫Զ
裬ٵȵȣܿͿˡˮģɵ˵
ˮӦңҪΪҵ鿼ǣҸһ£ûʵԼ룬ѾĵסһҶЦ
ѵûпĳɳѵｫҲ𣿡ˮƺ׽ʲôɻĿһҶ衣
ʨǱʥݵĳɣֻعûпܣҲҪܳܳʱ䣬οֻϣֻѡһҶҡҡͷȻϸ֪ʨʵ֪һЩţڵǿڶ࣬ҶǿѱʦӵģҲһһϦܴﵽ־磬ȻҪǿĻ
ʨ뵽οֲ֪԰ɣˮüһҶ衣
Ҳ޷˵ʵǿһЩʱ֪ˡһҶ˵ƺ˵ʲôȴû˵
ͻƣһҪͻơˮԼʮ꣬ԼҪʮ֮ڴﵽһԼĸ߶ȣݴ½ˮε
ҸҫʯŰһҶ迴ˮϵԼɼʯͷһ۾ܿԼ͸Ķֻڵʵȫһ߼ܶʯͷڿǴԼģһʱ䲻֪ʲôо
ʯͷȹҵǸҴĻҵġˮʯĵ˵
ôҪһҶǺЦſˮҲʳ仰֪Ϊʲô֪ԼҪһʲôĴ𰸡
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ʵҲܹ¶и޻˵ѣȥһʵӣƺһкѣѾԼƵһ鲻
ҪǳҪˮ˵ʵȴǲ֪ôش֮ǰǸش˵飬ΪǿԼ˵Ҫĳ⡣
أһҶЦˡ
һҺӵףʵİ㵱Һӵ۵ġˮһҶº͵˵
ġһҶЦʵ
Ȼġˮ϶˵
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ˮеĵͷȴǲ֪仰˼

ʱһζˮɾвͣĴ˫۽գۻҵļ̤ţֱ޳ӰĴٶȱ¼絤ʱƺҪһЩ
СɵĴչѾôˬˡ
ˮ͵ͣĴЦʵ̫ˡ
ˮڹ̽׶ΣͻûжãҪϤȻҪŬ֮ģΪ֮ƺҲҪͻˣˮϣܾͻơ
µʱˣʱСɾѶСģԹ˻϶ͻơ
ɣǾźܴѶˣ¹ܴﵽģȻѶˣҲǴˣСɱɵСһһڵ¡
ϥ£ˮ˫ϵĻ棬ɫĻ棬ڿһ߳Ļ棬ǰƺһЩŰ΢΢ţϢ˭ܸŻ˿ֲ
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801 ǰսǿ컨
ϵĻһֱеʧˮϢָһ˼ﲻԣΪʲô֮ġûдﵽСɾ硣
һֱɾʱˮҲûͻƵСɣоеΣΪҵӦҪˡ
ѾǵʱѹˣˮѾһɾʱʹˣϧȻûá֮ġﵽСɾ磬ǿԸоӲ١
ȻûͻƵĻһܶģھСֻһߣӵҲֻжɣͻƵСɵĻһ
ɾˮڴϣͦɫѾˣʱԺʱɫѾˣƿ߳˷䡣
ߵԺʱѾ˲ˣرľˮкžͻ
Ȼû𣬵ѾһƬΣˮ֪̫Ͼͻ㿪ʼ̫ȭ

緹󣬴Ҷû˵Щͬˮ֪ΪİңЦ˵ýţµġ
ұϾǳңһһһǿˮһҪСģҲﲻʲô
ЦЦε˵
⹫ϾͲùˣİɣаա
ˮЦɵ˵
극󣬴ҸɸȥˣĬû뿪ңȻǿɣ˭ɵ
ˮ죬Ȼڿնһֱ߿ԶȴŰҵǰϣܾĽ顣
ȥˮоĿһʱ䣬ʱ׼һԼ似һ
ʱһһεĹȥˮҲûмƽĿԶԶֵļڵʱӭ˹ȥٲҪϷҪ칬Ͽմ򣬵Ҳ뿪̫Զ

ﺰˮ̤ոԣѾˣʱվԼ˷ܵ졣
ϡ
ǰһʱˮѼ絤ţȻгվڽվϣҲԱߡ
Ѿͷһ᲻ζҪ
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Ȼԣڿǿǹġ
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ڤף
ˮԷ޺ʲôҲ˵ֱóѾľ壬һᶯ֣鲻ˣȻˣǾȶ֡
гޣһῴɫֱӶ֡
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š
˷ܵгԼޡ
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ǻǿԼЩӦǰˡ
ˮԷʱɱ͵
ЩˮûеģѾȫĳ׼Ϊ׵Ǹе㼬⣬а취ʱڽ

ˮгֱŻιʳһż絤ס˲ڻϣɣﰲȫǰĵҩÿһιһţסҪָɵҾͿԡ
Ҷġ
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ǰˮѾˣΪ׵ˮоЩ֣оûͷȵǿȻǿϧѾڵˮûио
翴Ŷˣеͫ˲СһоΣյˣĿڻϵŮϣ˵۹ܶһۿᣬǿһߡ

Ȼֻ˸оһǸ˴ڵԵʮֻޣÿһֻʵļϣҪĻɵ󡭡
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컨꣡
ڵ꺮żǺԼİˮŵģһսһ̵ľǶͰ
ˮʱʱȭҪԾ˫ҲˮĻҲΪַˮİнĳɾ͡
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ǲµĺܶԣˮҪľЧֿֿˮĻࡣ
ȻҲͲҴţѸгޣóͱǽ
ʱΪ׵ǸѾ˹
ǰһֻǷһ˲䡣
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ˮŽվĵɳȥˮĵߵʵ𶫹ȷʵ磬ٲͷȵĶڡ
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޴ڽͷ񣬸һӴһ˲䣬ˮܴоһǿ
һѺöԱ߲ٵĻˮᱻɣǾû˿ѹˡ
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Ҿʱʣµİ˸ȥɾ޴Ļһ
ֻһƬĺɫһѸ£Щߵȥ·
ǻ꣡


802 磬սף
Ȼܵʵ̫ǿЩǰǿ󣬵Ȼȥ
ˮʹսҲʱ̹עĶѾˮǰ׻λߡ
ǵٶȽһЩоˮս濴Ѿܼ򵥵ıˮ
Ǻܼ򵥣ȴˮƽʱ೤ʱڵĳɾͣ㵽ɾʱ䣬Ѿ̫ˣнĳɹˮɺϡ
һˮŬĽҲ綫ңɰҲ֪ˮƾһ֮ңȻǼҲҡ
ҵڰʱӶˣѾˡӣһۿ͸ܵɱ̲صΣգԥѡ֡
֪ԼѡǶԻǴľóȥˮΨս֮
ڻϣҲ᲻ϵǿĵйվҲˮָŵ˻ԣʱ̤ɱǾ޴ġ
ˮĺԹʲôϣļߣԷ㿪
϶²ߣҿμ档
ˮߵ˵һ꺮鼤
ɱ
˱˵˲䣬Ȼʣµļ߳ȥͬʱСģ˫ּͻȻɫĻ棬ѸٵγɻȻŶԷȥ
վһսʹȻ˲űס߳ȥ빥վ󣬵ˮĻѾϵ
ԣ
סֱӱվһײɣһһµģʱȴ໥ײһ
վ뿪ѵĻɢ䣬ȻԷѾǱˣù߱յֱ
˵һֱֻɵϣ߳žֵ˫ۣȻڲִٳ֣ʵȻԿɵĹ
Ѫˮȥ
ˮԸŻֱӰȥ·סԷܿǰ
꺮ƷߣʱѾѾ赲ߺ֮䣬Ųæһ콵
е콵ֻЧ̫á
ҵҲʣߣˮоѹɺܶ࣬ļʶ޲ߣԷܿԼʶԼûһʤ㡣

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ɱߺɱ֮Ӧ򡣡
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Ȼ԰Ѷҩʹãʧ㡭
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ݴ½ĶҩһЩ壬иӵḶ́ʵһЩ˿ԶΪһԽĶҩɫԽǲֻܶҪܶ۷߶㿪׾٣ͬöԷжĶҩ϶ûʲôãΪؿԱס
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ˮİܱܿܿ޷ܿñѸٺ󳷣öԷĴĶֵξͻʧʹȻͷޱȣΪоʹĸо
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ʣµ۷Ѿ񡢽վԼʮֻɵͻܳǣס
ˮɿʤѾԼ֮䣬֪ԼʤȻ칬Ҿˡ
һηֿ߿ˮ޴һӣ
˻
һ˻ˮͫߵϣͨѩף쳤ʮңģˮϤİһģһֻѩ׵ۼףͷһ֧׳ɫǡ
ʲôǶޣ
ˮ֪ʲôһǵʵ£ǺǿˣⶫͰʲôϵǰɡ
ˮ֪һǵʲôʱ֮ǡһ˻ʱϳһ㵭ĹΣĳ֣ػС
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һˮͷðˣʲô޵״̬ǲ㱣ƣһԼİͶȥõĻԼʧȥΣգҲΣˡ
һʱˮȹϵϣһߵֵԷĹһŰ취ԷȻʹػһɱС
ҿ컹ʲôУʹ߿Цһٴγˮеľ޴һ满ɨˮ
ˮ۾Ŀ˿Ȼӳһ꺮ȫȻִӭߵ
ˮǵѪȴ¶һ˿΢ЦԭԷϵĹȦ޵еģֻǿԳܵǿޱȡ
ǰϸţë꺮Ȼһ磬ϧûнӴԷ壬һˮҲһ
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ˮ꺮벻ϵĻŵط䣬뿴ֻҪҲػ־ͻ᲻ơ
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һгѸٵǱ߳ȥһ޳־֪ˣɵ׻ٴɱһߡ
һˮʱûн޲ϵ׻Էʣµ۷ߡ
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ҵҲһΪԶܵģ֪Ϊʲôȴǲܣȵ˲䣬ˮˡ
ͬһʱ߷ԼȻûнС룬ˣһ⡣Լػ൱ţֻڲ֪ΪʲôǾޱȣܸоҪ⡣
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綾ޱȣޱȣ
ˮеĶȼ̶ַǽ֮ˡ
ͻȻܵػһ󶯵һɹȵһ˲ĸܵҪˡ


803 ʤ
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սˣʮһʱһЩˮ൱⣬һ˳ˮое㲻š
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еĶһ󣬱ѪУһƽѪиɫѪӵѪ˶һʴֻеõѪоͻȻӵеͬĺôѪᱻֻʧ
ͬÿ˶ܵõУƽѪɫѪǵĺУʮдŲһӵдѪѪеҶڶ࣬˽Ҳ£ֻҪܵõѪУϾͻᱻȥõĴõѵ
սƷպõˮŻطȥһ󵢸飬ǲӰӦѾ˰ɡ
ˮûȥЩռȤĶ࣬ҲǴ򿪵ʱ
֪ǸĿռһЩöʱеȣɾ˴ʱĹۿ
ʮǰĸˣˮֻ֪ңʦǿ˶٣ǿһҲѹˣұƳҲ
صһû磬ʱ칬һϲ죬оǰұϢ糤˳һѸٵݴ
ǳң
ʦһĳң
ݳǵдѸٵõϢݵÿǺһЩǿҲǵһʱõϢ
һʦ˻ɣоǽңûеڶΣһ˲ԶĽȥһ칬λ˸ɡ
ˮЦźʹҴкȥϴɱ˺ϰϴһҲ쵽ˣԲҿʼ޷ʢķˣ칬ŵ˵ζ

ү˵칬ǸϾɱ𣿡
޳ſĴٵıţУһ꺺һһֱĿʵ
ү˫ۣһ˫۾һЩǺͲһе졣
뿪ݾʲôҲûУ˵׼ͻ̡
߿ˣƺЩ
Ժ󻹻ɱ𣿡
Сʵ
ɱʲôɱסҵˡ
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һڻˣΪܶһˡ
үֳⲻϵĺ˵һз·һ
үѵ֪ᷢ飿
Ӿȵʵ
Ҳ֪֪һһС
Ϊʲô
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ѾԶѵڻмأһúþӪΣգǼѵģ˱Ƶ˲͵չȻųͷôβ֪ô
үҡҡͷ˵
ȥ
հޣǲȥˣ֪ȡ衣
үƽ
ԺҾͿүˡ
˵
үû˵üͷȴ

ж飬Ǽ飬߶֪ǾһݣдǿҾܳưݣǹͷ񣬺οôûĶ࣬ǱƵͶ·Ż
ݵĴҽΪûκκôһŵԼڳУľԼ
칬Ǻ£칬ܳݣǿ߲ԺʹҲе룬ݵݣһľͻᷢΪǿʵ̫ˣݵ˵ݣһģͻ᲻£Ϊûǿߡ
洩ķзȴűոӿĵգˮȻϹŵЦݣȴһֱмš
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ǰ۳Լ˵Ҫ뿪ԼҺͻ뿪ڴˣ֪ʲôʱ뿪
ʱճ극ˮŵ۳߳˴۳ЦţļоůůģǰûмΪԼôԺܿġ
ڸúͷ˵˵Ҫȥ˰ɡ
ˮȻ浫ǲ۳
ǵǰ˵ҵʦҲһƮ
۳ˮЦ˵ԳƷҲûж˵ʲô
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ԣ뿪ȥʦꡣ
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ˮ˫ֲԾ޳ĽϸǸͦĻȣ廹ž˵ĵԣ˷ܵ˫ֶڲ
۳һûֹ§סĲӣ㿪ĴԼľϣ˵ٵôˡ
ҴӦ㡣
ˮٺٵЦţ˫ĻץζҲֻλв
ѩϣдһ˿㣬ζܵȴǱκζţ񣬷·˼ζһ
˵һ𣬵۳ĻңܵˮķӦԼǱ˫Ļţ뵽λе龰͸ܣҵƿˮһƬ糺졭
ô
ˮЦʵ
ʦʱңĺˣ˼ҰҵŮһʲôͼȵʮˡ
ˮȻɻ󣬵ǵͷ׼ҪúÿνǸʦԲκ顣


804 滨꺮ŮͼȻ
͵۳ȥҲ֪뿪Ҫʱ䣬ˮúʱص뵽ɾ
ҵѾˣʣµЩ뿪ˮҲ֪ûŸϾɱΪ֮޷Զ޷
ʣµ׼ҩоǰʵ˳ȹԼľ磬ǶʮռеССļ˻϶Ѿпռˡ
ⶫߵרÿһ߶ǰô࣬ÿܶŶһ뵽ﻹǺܿģָо·콵һ
һռⶫֻҪ߶ʹãҲʶһĶ߼һѡ
ˮУǮһЩ֮ҲҲƽҲãﶼҪǮơ
һЩϴһЩƿƿ޹޵ҩƿҩҩһЩʯԼһЩʲôرĶ
һռΨһˮĵǾȻҵһЩƵҩģоЩҩĴӦһҩ
Щҩݼס۾˼ЩҩںϺʲôĽʧ˾ͻ´˳Һҩݵ಻࣬ʱʱ˫ۡ
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ˮſռʮ겻ǧҩҩݣһʶȻںϳһЧĵҩӦʱʶĵҩ˵ʱ߾ĵҩ
Ȼ뷨Ҳܴ󣬲һ£ʧܵĿԺܴ󣬾Լ϶ҩʧܵĿԻǺܴ󣬼ҩݾһݣʧٴγԵĻᶼûС
ʱЩ׵һߣȻ¿һռõĶҲܶ࣬ڵ޵ĹƤ
ûа취ݴ½ЩĶ֮һ޵ڵҩֿԶʹá
޵ζޱȣ޵Ƥսһ࣬ڵˮҪʹãڲ𼶱ޣֱӾͶˣǮˣڿ˵ȱǮ
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ǿҩҲҪˣԼ֮УˮоǿͶǿһصϵץס
ǲ٣ϧûˮȤģռˮҲʲôϣְ׼ģȻǺ󣬵Ǻ滨㹻ˣҲõٵҩݣҶǧ굽ǧӶ࣬ҲǲСջˡ
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ˮһռһ۷ҩˮرģþûеõҩˣڿȻԼе㼤
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ˮҩֺ󷴶û̫ĸܣĵҩ֪Լûá
Ƥҩչ޵Ľǡ𼶱޵ڵǧ²ݡ
ƤǿʹƤԣԵＫѰĵƿǿԿһЩҩʴһֻܷʳһţûơ
ˮССļһ£ûʧⵤҩǲƤԵģƤӲȵġ
뵽һǴǵˮоҩһϵֱӴ򿪿˹ȥ
ǵҩչ޵Ľ۷޵Ĺǡ۷޵Ѫ۷޵ڵǧ߹ǲݡ
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ˮҩ֪ǵʹƤһϵеģǵҩҪҩݺʹǵֻǴǵҪһΣǵȴƤһЩ
ˮرģΪھƴƤʹǵҩɾоܸȫϧǧ²ݺǧ߹ǲޣ֪һּܳŵҩһֻܷʳһţҪЧҲҪˡ
ŴǵʹƤʹõĲӦòǵͼҩϾеĲ϶رˣ𼶱޽Ǻ۷弶޽ǣйǧǧҩݡ
ڤڤ֮ɰţԼҩƳɱƳľԲ࣬ҲУЩǿӦÿԣϾղķᡣ
ЩˮһռһеĶ֪ĸڵġ
еĿռܴҩݡҩʯԼһЩϡжǺܶ࣬ˮͻȻһˡ
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ˮˣôܻӣֻǺܿԳЦЦԼȡӺġ
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һˮͲˣֱȡ˳֪ĶǲǻڻǲǻռС
ȡ̫ӣˮ򿪣һԼе㼤ϾеõĶޱȵĶ
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ˮ˵ʵҲͦģԼľɫҲˣŮͼĶ̳뿴һֺ沢Ҫռʲôġ
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ڵĵ߷ŮͼȻǶľ̡
һˮһִƺŮͼϵŮһԼϵߵģѾЩ귢һУ˼ϵһ飬ķչƺһչ
ѵԼȫӵǡ
ˮԼ뷨һ뵽۳Լ˵Ļϲ㣬ϲĻҲġ䣬ľˡ
ˮģһֱ˺þãŮͼţϤݻԼԺȴƺѾңԶˡ
ȻдʮŮͼԼѾˣֻʮ𣿾ô󣬵ԼоȻѾţ붼е㲻˼飬Լɾйϵ
һз£ˮĿʼ֮ģȥˣҪġ
ֻҪܽչʹ֮ɣʵͻﵽһµĸ߶ȡ


805 СɵĴ֮ģǵƤ
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ˮоͲһ㵽Сɾ磬ֻһʱƺͻƣ൱ƣչʱоף֮Ҫϲ٣뵽ƽսҲѡ
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˾ϢᣬȻˮŴµҩǵʹƤҩУҩҲֳɵģˮƳ¡
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лֵҪռһ룬඼ΪܿƵҩʧܣ˵ġ
һƾһʱȥˣ߼ҩرķʱ䣬ȻҩҲôأˮɾԲ¡
һöˮĵͣÿҩΪԼǳڱĳɹʸеԺǲ࣬ҩʦΪľǿ˭ҩɹʸߡ
ԽĵҩɹԽͣԽƣĵҩÿһʧܶǾ޴ʧҲĵҩΪʲôôʱʮζɹһΡ
һӺˮ򿪽¯һɵζζ˵϶ôĺţ˰Ųĸо
¯ʮɫĵҩӨ͸һϲʲôҲ˵ֱóһ£ȻʣµķŽһƿС
ܿ͸оƤڱָоƺһʼĸоҲ˵ܣǸоƤġ
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ˮûȥǸ²ġ񵤡ȻʣµʱͶ뵽УڴԼͻơ

ˮȥɾʱѾˣҲֻǸպڣߵʱ򴫳˵ķζ֪Ѿʼ׼ˡ
һŵˮմӳӶֻҪŵŮӻ϶֣һҶ͵۳Ҳᣬˮܶʱ򶼻ȥһ֣˳㿴Щʳ̻𡢳׵Ůڳӡ
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ˮЦŰʣµĴƤʹǵݸࡣ
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ˮȥʳһţԼ߽ڵ磬ƻҪһʱҵһҲˮȥʳҩԭ
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˿ˮҪˮȥҸطһ˶ȥģ˵ЩЦ˵ҸСһԵġ
ˮվڲ׺º͵۳м䣬ˮзСһԺʺãһԵĲ׺º͵۳ˮ
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зÿһֻзƴСһֻ㹻СһԸˣҲܳԸС뱥
£ˮǰǲǾһЩóԵġ
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۳ŽԼˮ
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۳Ĵˮһ£ϳһ˵ĺΡ
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ˮŵ۳ϣʣ׵һȾ䶼һɵ㣬͵۳ϵζ
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۳ıסˮ˵
ԸǸˡ
ˮٺЦš
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۳Ťˮһѡ
УҾһ˵˵˵оر֮ҪſҪ˺ܶȤŮһȤ
ˮЦŷڵ۳ϣ˯赲ס֮ĸо
˻ÿһö㶼
۳ûһ䡣
ŸˣֻܿܳԣʵҲ˵ϼ尾ףָоѾʴˡ
һҹߣˮ̰Եĺӣѵ۳ǵĵط˸顣
ڶʱһֻ޴ķͣ칬Ͽա
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ӥڰףӲӵģ˸оľǳӲӵӥͷӥ޵Դһ˵޵˵еľͷͷ涼žڡ
ҲǾԣһֻһԴ˾ˣԴģȫԴ򱬣ʣһҲӵԴһ㶼رǿֻܴԴ֣ԲŻмԴ֮˵ӵоһкɱĻǾֻһˡ
ˮƣ۳ʦӦ뿪۳ʱ䲻ˣʵѵΪ۳ۼңǵ۳һҪҸϲ˴ȥ
ˮҪˣ
˺ܶ඼ˣѾ֪۳Ҫʱ뿪


806 ۳뿪ϴ
˺ܶ඼ˣѾ֪۳Ҫʱ뿪ϡĵҲˡ
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ڲˣȴûܻ㣬ȥϰɡ
ᵽ칬ʱɫһȻ
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۳ˣȥĵطݱһԭشﳣѩ˲ȷʱ䣬ԲŸˮص㡣
۳ˣˮеտյģ֪۳ȥˣĹӦþǸҪͻƵĹɡ
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´ǵʹƤ仯ܴΪһ˵츳ĹźܴĹϵʺܺã츳Ҳϧõʱ䣬Ϊĸ̫
ʱѾһţһʱٳһţⶫ쳣Žһö
ֻаٷ֮һ˿ĻԵֻ̫ãԼʹõĻһ㣬ϾԼĺȻһЩãǺԼɾйϵԼĳɹʻϺܶࡣ
Ͼٷ֮һļʵ̫Сˡ
ȥǾ취ýϴ裬Ȼٰ̱ԪúɾԼԼЩҩ
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۳ˣоûˮֱӽ࣬ʩչһνѨ̱ԪȻҪǰϴ衣
˳Ҳʩչ£ǰҪǵΪ̫ͣˣͼӰֱһҲʱ䡣
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࿴Լϵ۹ɢŵζһܽԡҡ
ˮЦЦ߳˷䣬ȥһˣеʶ࣬Ҳ٣Ͼǵһϴ裬ˮڽϴֻ΢ģҪܶ࣬ʹųܶʡ
治˵ñ֪Ȼ˿ýϴĻһᾪ°ͣϴ費һֱʹãʹһΣȻܲס
ϴʵͦķʱģˮʱ䣬ÿˣٴγ࿴ˮе㲻˼
ˮ֪ԭЦЦ˵㲻ò˼ҵһҲ˭ԽԽãԺĻԭԽ١
š
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칬ɽһܴɽϵɽҲ޵Ĵڣֻ޵ĵȼߣʼ𣬲ʮȻ칬ôƽ
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ʯָԶܹսе
ˮҲƣ쿴֣ǺɫģѪǰĺѪһֻڸͷҪһ֮࣬峤ף߽ףһ⣬ʮ㣬ֳѪʵҲ׼óѪãѪӺÿݻĳЩ޳Ҫ٣һЩŮӡϲ
칬ɽȥ̸϶ôΣգ칬ĵʱȥ̫Ȼ𼶱ޣ칬ӵʵҲ߽
칬ģطʵҲȥ칬ɽڲҲ˼
ޣҾҪѱ
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ֻ߽ףףʯһӲޱȣٶȱһһ㣬Էʯ۷ޡ
Ѿʳˣȷе˵޵ʵҪһЩʳѱ۷弶ҲѱʦȻһǺѱԼʵǿޡ
Сĵ㡣
ˮЦ˵һ䣬Լڣκ鷢
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ˮӺʹõķƣԺʹö֮ݿʡΪұˡ
ԣ
ãԵպѹƵһҲǾ˵Կʤս˲Ϣ䡣

͵ڵһ̤֮ɽеʯѸٵĴܳһŷʯͷڿն𣬻ž޴ĸٴޡ
ڵϺɽڵս͵սһֻǵޱҪǿܶ࣬࣬ҲΪʲô۷ܺ۷嶷൱
ڵϻɽս޵ʵ޵ʵͱͬǿĶ࣬ںʳԲ١


807 ѱĶ⨺
սκ˲֣ܲȻѱһɹҲûˣԲɱʵһСۿۣƾС
ⳡսս޴þƣʱѱɹʾͻӲ١
ֻ۳־޵Ķ֣׼ˮܲסʱͷһž
˾Ժ޹˼ɵĻԼһֱ޴򵹣ѱ޵ʼ䷳ѱޡ
ԵǱȽϺõģʱʱȻѾѱɹˮԪ
ھͷڵĵˣ޷е˷ѣο޵ģʹһžͻһš
һʼˮʹˣ۷ĵ޷ԪӦÿͻƵʼ𣬱ϾԪ˵൱ĵҩҵ޵Ǳеģŵŵ޵Ѫ

һǰĺһҲʼĽˣ޷ʳԪͻƵʳ硣
ǰо۷壬ֲУ౴оûһͻƵʼǾͷ˾޴ı仯֮һӾǹϢ౴֪Ѿ޵Ķ֡
ԺǺǵЦţڵϣţ˫ŵޣδʱϲãҲԼˡ
ѱѣ۷弶ҲֻѱķޣΪڴﵽ֮ǰ޷УҪѱͬķǳ˵Ρ
ѱԼͼܶķֻһ취Ƚ޻Ȼʼѱɹͣ˰æͬķѱѱɹʻΪ㡣
ԲŻѱԼʵϺܶķޣѱ߱ȷʵǿٵԭ򣬻ǻһɹʵġ
ſвʱķɹޣһ̾Ψһ߿ģˮЦЦ˵֪Ǻܿĵġ
˭ѱ޵ģҸɽȥ׵㣬סֻҪǸս켶ͿԣѾ˵ˡ
ˮЦ˵
ҾͲѱޡ
౴ҧҧŸɽȥ
ˮ磬Ҳѱһֻޡ
ʯˮ˵
ã޵ǾߣԼСĵ㡣
ˮЦ˵ѱǱ֤ǰȫʲôҲﲻϡ
һĲȥ׵㣬Ѱ½ϵĿ꣬һɽΨվˮߣж
㣬Ҫ޻½ϵġ
ˮʵ
ҡҡͷЦѱ̫ˣ½ϵҲ򲻹Ҿǹ
ˮҲеԼƲܡʱתķɿ죬˼ôܰѱһֻޡ
ͻȻ뵽ֻãԶڸŻʵҲǽչ൱СܳɳǸ绹˵׼Ͼ֣컯ͻġ
֨֨
һ߰˳Ŀ⿴ȥһȺɽϷ֣Щÿһֻ״СɫëƤǿ׳һǰôĺӣһ˸е¡
ͻȻˮĿ⿴һֻСһĺӵǰˮЩԾжצӣĴץǽֻСӴ
֨֨
ˮ֮עֻСΪСֻһ׸ߣɫںȺͦ۵ģҲΪɫԵʣܵȺżڴӰɽˤ˵ȴҲѪȾһɫƤë
ˮСÿ
ˮ˵ȻСȥ
㣬ǽ𴴷ۣ㵹ϡ
ˮݸһһĴƿ
࿪ĵĽӹȻٵֻɫƤëС
ˮڲԶš
֨֨
࿿Сﾪֵķ֨֨ĽʱԶˮ²ϸĴС
ѪȾһëƤʣѩɫһ״СֻǸСӣͻȻˮСӾȻֻ䣬Сӵˮ뵽һֺӡ
⨺
Ķ⨺
ǰʱֺǿоһ⨺ͨ쳹ءͨ죬Ȼ񻰣Ҳ˵ֺǺǿģֻǲ⨺ﻹ˵׼
ߵֵСԣҩѪ߰ߵλãǱѪ˿ںֹܿסˡ
ƺϲСӣʼԴһֱֵС･ƽƺ֪ûж⣬ڰĺ
һֻ׺ˮͨȥõҲǴһ
⨺֣
Ȼֻм֣ȴˮޱȣΪļ֣⼸СӺͽվ
Ĳˮһ֪⨺ˣҪС̫СǸ⨺һģΪʵ̫
վСק䣬СӣˮЦˣһ˳Ȼ˻ֵˡ
ˮ㿴СÿҾʹˡ
Сˮĵ˵
㣬úöСԺҲΪսսصսء
ˮЦ˵
ûǺǣҾǿСԸңҵȻúôСܻġ
СԴĵ˵
㣬ôѱһֻûսСﰡ
߹˵
㲻ϲսСҲܽơ
ˮЦſԵĵޣвɾһ˿ɻ
ˮˣ֪ҲϣԼһֱǿޣǿޣˮЦЦû˵ʲôΪ˵ԺСһ˴һġ
һȥˣɫҲûȥˣֻԼʯѱޣֶֻܿ顣
౴ǼҪѱޣֻܵڶѱҲǼʱĻĳɹҲǲˡ
ջ񣬵ȴһ⣬ǺõĽ

תۼǰ¹ȥˣ౴һܣѱһֻӥޣⲻҪֻҪ켶ͺãΪֻ켶޲ܽڵܳʱ䳤ķС
ûƵûлУ˵ˮһʱ֪࣬Ρ
ˮȷҵûʲô⣿
ϻ§ˮʵ֪ˮҽҲǵһˡ
ģеģټӰѾ
ˮٴνѹ£ܿ췿Ľ
ˮҲƣ壬һҪ˵ߵͣҲڵ͵ɣ׺¡¸¥ʦװˡ

ˮҪׯꣿ
޾ϲĿˮʵ
ﻹƭϲɣԺֻҪлᣬǶǹꡣ
ˮЦ˵
ȥ𣿡
ɻʵ
ˮ룬Լл񡢽վ󣬲׺нСףı
ȥɣ㹻ˡ
ˮĵ˵ֻǻȥʱҪһ㣬Ͼǵķݷͽվ


808 ̤Ϲ;;ϳǣ
ѾҪׯֻڻеʱ䣬޴ݳɻصׯǺܿģϾЩƽʱûٳһЩҩ֮࣬ǶˮҪˣһǵﾡᵽǿ
ȻԺʯĵûзʳͷڵĵ飬׺µĽ񣬵۳𽣬ıһҶıѩɺף˫ˮ࣬Ҳһֱǲ׺͸ģһֱ񣬵ڻܳǲ׺ֻ̡
޵ѱϺףֻҪιʳϾѱϧ޵ĳɳʱ̫һܵȵüҲˣȥԳŲ׺µһֱͲ׺ûзֿһʱоûûʲôϵ
ȻĽûг꣬һЩҩҩݵ£ĵͦģϧܳ˷УȻ˺
ʦװƺû¸¥ҲǣֻǴʱ¸¥Ѿ𼶱ߣѱֻ޻ǿԵģֻһֱûйϡ
۳ҲһʵıҲһǣһޣһֱһݺ֪ǰֻ֪зޣȻôܴݶԸϹ
ûǿĹȴų˲ֱ̬սÿ˲ңÿʹΣҲǵΪʲôԶԴݵԭ
һҶıѩɺҲޣڳԵˮľͷڵĵЧҲǱѩɺ׵Ǳ
ѩɺһֱһҶ裬һҶʵǿˣҲ뻻ԣˮһֱʵĶһݡ
˫ˮһҶıѩɺײ࣬෴СԭԵҲʳĳСѾͷ
ˮѾʵʵԶѸٵûбҪҪôޣһЩȺޣɵȺѱһȺҲǿֲģȻѱһЩǿޣǱȽϴġ
ˮȥʱ𼶱ϵķˣķݾͽվʵٶȺֲܿұҵҲûж١
ˮڻʮžͷڵĵ飬мʮţģΪڶӵĵġ
ׯʱ䣬ˮ϶ʩչһνϴ衢̱ԪнѨ
ѨҲнѨһЩѨһõĿԴͨѨͨѨˮ֪ϻѨͨˣһЩѨͼӿȪѨиѨҲ򿪣Чǲ˵
ǻѨͨҲźܴãӹֻ̾ҪǴͨѨŲĺô
ࡢ౴Ժһ㣬ͨ˰˸Ѩ˶ɨǸϴ̱ԪôΪ٣ٶҲ٣ҲĴҲŬ
ڤҲĸˣѾЦˣЦˮرƽˮʱżСˣ
ǰˮ붼ԼкüӣȻҲԼкüŮˣһɵŮӡ
仯ʦװԴŮϿԾĿЦݣرڿʱױСѾͷЦЦʱ϶رҸЦݣˮûпЦû뵽ôЦ
ĸԵΰԹơ
ˮ㿴նƺҪˡ
ʦװһߵˮ˵
ŶѾͷ
ˮСѾͷ˵
꣬ôСô˵
ʦװЦˮһ䡣
ˮһѽʦװ𣺡ұĸŮһĸо
ˮСѾͷ
ת˼ȦСѾͷƺܿģԶһʦװ˵װòã
õôʾ˵𡣡
ʦװǳЦ
ǣҷ·ǺɫΪʲôǰɫ
ϲʲôɫ
ˮΪʦװһ䣬û뵽ȴǻ˵𰸣ıסϲҶϲҺ档

ʱֹһ£ѾϺĶˣˮѾ׼ûׯˣ칬齻ϣҽҵǼϡ
һ̤˻ׯ·еٶȲǺܿ죬ظϣҪСӣȻˮסǣǰٶȷһǰ·ͣϢ
СӶڻϵģıصĿγɱ糡ˮŪ˸С񣬾ڤ棬ܵһӰ죬˯ҲɽȥϻǺܴģ׵ľ޴񣬼ʹʮ˶ûκ⣬ĻëɢůСһǺǵЦϴ
ˮߵ·߻϶ǳǿϿգȻڲޣСڣϣһ·ʲôҲҪϡ
߳ǿϿԻᰲȫһ㣬ǣ뿤֮䶼һβĻԭȻ֮ܺǧȽϣξҲеĸҪ޴ɽϵЩɽϵҲǿ޴ڡ
Ҳǿ޴ڵģطδ֪ɽһ뵽ޣоǻɽǶ٣ǿʵԴĽƣɽʲôط
˶˵˵Ҳסڵˮǿҵĳ嶯һҪȥɽ
ͻȻ뵽˻ɽŮµĹˮоգǸһŮӣˮ뵽еĺ²еӦһǺ֪Ůˮ׶ˣֺǿҵĳ嶯ѹĳ嶯֪Ϊʲô
ҲӦֻϹɣԼıˮ黹ڣſػŮӵϹͨ飬ʵɲ⣬ҪٵһȣΪˮоԼû̫İա
һܵʱ߳ݳǣǰٶ˲٣·ϳǵʱˮͲ׺±Сһȥ׺㣬»Ҳȥˡ
㿴Ҵ˭ˡ
׺̲ס˵һһ
⹫š
վһ˵ʲô
ǰǷİɣһչ˺µġ
ˮһ˵
ֹһ£һ·ƽĵׯ˿̾껹в£ˮͼɽ¡
ɲң¶˿ĵЦݣ߽ңԺкܶطѾӲݴǶ϶ǿݲݡ
˿ʲô˿ʼɨԺ䷿ݣΪҲһҳֻܻµģ׺¡Ƕڿռոµı졣
ˮȰ׺°ѷʰãСһﻹڤеط˯¸¥ʦװķڸڣԺܿȫʰˣʰҲǺܿ졣


809 صׯװؼ
ˮԼļŮʰȻ˫ûסһ飬ȥ뷿ǺģһһҶ衣
һҶˮϵӣҲǺȻĽȥһҶû˵ʲôɫ糣ˮԼҲƽ͡
ʮĽмټһȴʤˣǷȴһֵķ֮顣
һҶǰˮӵһֱҲһ׼ȷĶλ۳ˮ֪ԷϲԼһΪޣˮԺƤ
һҶˮٳʮҲ֪ô죬һһĹϵΪ˿ǷޣﺰǵףʱһССܽӴ
һһҶҲų⣬żǣ֣΢΢ӵһƺȻֵܰվһ
ˮû뵽ˮҲʰ䣬ˣ˼ܾο㶼⣬ֻˮ֪Լ˼еԥ
еίģˮʲôҲ˵ˣŵʰ䣬ң˫౴Լﶼæ֣Ҳνγ档
ֱǸģߵǼǿģ죬Ͷ㲻ϣЧҲޱȡ
ׯׯԺȻСҲֻСʱɾȻ׼ԵʲôԤ
ʵණˮѾ׼ˣˮóܶණǼֲˣڣʳһЩճʹõĶУ·ˮϴһװĴӡ
ҲֿĶźܶոµġ
ǵһСӣҲûʲôͿĵţܵ档
ûжʱ䣬ׯ½ǰϵ̬ˮ֪ҺѾˡ
ˮпһĺ¡ǽӴׯˣҺһļ壬Ѿһ㣬貶Ŀֻӡ
ˮҲǸдԼʮ꣬һ൱Ϥرϰ紾Ӻǰڼ
˿ڴɨԺеӲݣҪæֹˣϾֻǼԼ˶ţôЩ׶֡
ʦװ˵Ҫؼҿˮ˴кһȥϢϾҲƣˡ
Ż񣬴ׯҲֻƬ̵ʱ䣬ʦװպˮţڵʵʵϻٶȲǺܿ졣
ˮҲ˳ȥһЩڡ̻֮࣬һЩףεַ
ʦҴſͣ£ˮʦװճſڵʱЩסˣ˺һžϲĺСˣϵıԱ·γѣֺ񲻿˼飬ɴ˿ɼСҵӣȻˡ
ˮǽȥɣʦװջЦ
Сˡһ깧˵
ţүүðɣʦװЦʵ
үӺܺãС㣡
˵Ѿ˳ˣͷʦүӣǶԿɺܺÿŮ
ʦװĸĸֻʦװСүүʦүһ𳤴󣬶ǶŮĮ
үү
ѾͷˣˮʦүӿĴЦ˭ܿܿġ
ˮôһЩصĽУ涼һЩҩݺ͵ҩҩ˲Σǧݣˮɾġ
СӵͦѾͷʦүӿʦװŵСĵ˵Ҫ
ʦװϺģŮݹȥСѾͷҲޣ˫۾ʦүӡ
СӣҲôʱġ˺ǺЦ
ʦװúĸŮһ㲻ȻΪʦװֻǰʦүӵĻ
װˡŮǰε˵
ӿЦſʦװκϧϧ·ûĿ꣬ΨпЦ
𣬵ºӲ粻ͷαôʹ࣬ѾͷԾǿҲûиʲôͲҪѹˡʦүӶ˵˭öŮ˵ġ
ˮҲû뵽ʦү˵ѣûа취ŮĶӶޣǲܶԼԼ
ʦװӦһǸ̴Ůһ䣬û˵ŮӺ飬ʱʦװһ麮
ӾкˮˮЦźӵ̸ĺܺгӺ̸ܽ˵Ȳˮѻش𣬻иоС
Сӽʲô֣ʦүʵ
գ
ţ֣ܺߣȥʦүкʦװˮȥ
ˮǺΪʲôʦװĸֳɽľ棬ƺǶŮǷʦװʦүҲǾǶŮĴش
ƺˮɻһһ˵װҺĸûûþͰүˣȻҺװһȥ꣬ǳȥɺܿЦ桭
ˮԼԼץ˵ʲô
ٻʱװʶǣСӾͺ䣬װҲ̫ãװĮӣҲǣףһʱ֪ôľʹһ¡
˶ĽʨһûнӴȻչزǶԲװܿˡ̾˵
ˮҲû뵽ô򵥵ȻŪ棬Ҳû뵽װôǿɣҲôСʱģȻаתƵʦĽʨǲ֪һСӵĴصġ
ͷ۵ģ֪ôǶԣôǴ˵νԴ
ˮʦװʦװԤʦװκμ¡
ʦװĸĸʱ䲻뿪ˣߵʱ򻹺ʦװˮȵĴкǶգ뿪ˡ
ѾͷĻô𣿡ʦүǶŮ뿪Ц
Ҳ֪ԴնƺͲôˡʦװ˵
ʱҲʢǲ㣬ϡͿʱ״СƢСʱĮȷʵͦɱģĽʨĳǳ˽ĺ΢Ӧ֪ԺǶΪˣǲԣЩû˵һ仰ʦүӺǺЦ
֪үүˡʦװĵЦ
̣ѾͷүүԶ㲻ϲ飬ֻҪ׼飬ھүүʲôҲˣϣ㲻ҪԼźʦүº͵˵
ллүү⣬һᶮġ
ˮʦװڰͣһǣ˵ס죬ȻȥʦүҲûӲǡ
ˮʦװڰһЩٴ̤ϰˮоܲһ˾ͽûˣľʦңݼҺԴ˴֮


810 һ̻ãʫ续
ˮ㿴ˣ˵ҸôʦװƽĿˮʵ
װԼѡôҶ֧㣬ү˵ģֻҪԼڣûźõѡ񡣡ˮգʦװڰǴš
ٻȥ
ʦװͷˮЦ
Ҳ֪ĸһģȴǴδǰҵĿ̤ң̤ƽңǸ˻ΪĸװˡˮҡҡͷЦ൱ƽ
ˮ֪ˣлл㡣
ʦװˮĵЦЦ
ˮҲЦЦʦװǸѩˣԼ˵һףүүĸүүĶӣ˵ʲôϾϣܺͺܱ˴˵飬ʦװΪүүҲӦûʾЩʲô
װҲҪʲôֻҾ飬ر֪Ҹ˺ȻҺûκθ飬ûмȻоʹѡ񣬲ϣԺڡ
ţллˮСѾͷͨ˺ܶණ
ʦװˮһֻ첲ǺЦ
֮仹˵лл𡣡
ˮŻСѾͷ˵
Ժ˵ˡ
ʦװЦһƺرĿġ
߽̻ĵҪ࣬Щ˵ҪȥģˮǣԾ˳ˣҲġ
̻һЩϲַʲôģ˳ЩʳһлһЩʱ䣬󣬾ͺʦװŻ񷵻ׯ
ׯĹرأʮѾܵŨŨĹգһЩСӴĻޱȵѣͱһȺȺţǲʱĴͺͯЦ
ˮʦװӴ߹˳ºþǰĸоСѾͷ˯ˣˮһֱת棬ⱻ
ʱ򣬻ٶҲûзģһ·϶ˮסСӣȻ⡣
ˮɣ
һ۵
ˮɫʣǰСŮСƻͦɰģ߻мСк
ǰСԼǺˮ磬ڱˣСѾͷʲô֣ǲҪʲô
ˮЦº˵ΪǰԼһСһСıڣ˲˵ģԭиСģʦװԼǸŵСһңʱˮ˵˾䣺˭ľӺ
ʦװԱЦû˵
ˮٶñ⼸СӿˮҲܲ³Լ
ҽͯͯˮǴӢۣǴˣϲˮ塣
СŮգ˫۾˵
꣡
ʦװԱЦ˳
ˮԴǲҪڡ
ˮˡ
СŮǺǵЦ
ͯͯôС֪ȷˣǰ;
ˮЦЦѱڷָǣô࣬ЩҲǸģӵĺӡ
ѾˣһŮˮģʣʱˮûڼңǷȡģܰǷҪˮ֣һΪǿ֣˵Ӵˡ
̫СĴУѾǳˣʣ¾ͳԴһ㣬ˮһСһҪڡ

ת۾ˣ׷ѣҵر࣬ҲȥݷһЩˣЩҹϵõˡ
ȻзңӷɾǷҵˣڷׯͰҲǺܷһ壬Ϊҵԭ
ȣʱÿ궼д裬뿪ׯϵѾûȶ
ȻĴȴǳɾģе޵Ա౴ƺһҲѷɫ˭౴ѱһֻеӥµʵ
ҲûбҪ׼νȶˣݳǵʱû¾ںԺĶ̨ϱȶǿѾˣȲȶҲûЧˡ
ϾǳϦˣʱһʢ˵ľһ𣬵ҲڣֻоԼе㲻ڡ
粻ǰ˺ܶȤԳϦ֮ҹ֣˲ῴȴ̻Ҳһ۰ɣһϵ̻ܶط᲼գ̻ãʫ续
ԹҶȲ˳ȥɫڵ磬Ĺʯɢ͵ĹâеԵǶͯա
ݣ
ݡ
ͻȻг˹Ӱɢ̻Ҳ֪ʲôʱʼģкܿѾ̻ɢ䡣
ҵȻҲԡ໢ɽʯҲʼȼ˲̻ڿնӵļӿĵĽš
ڤڷУ̫С°ˣķݸЧرõģ첻ϣȴǰޱȡ
ˮΧЦ߼Ů˵ɣŵ㣬һ̻ãɡ
ϧ۳ûڣ̻еЦ貣ˮ̧ͷź嫵ǿգһʱԼȻһã
ǿûоͷգʲôݴ½ûϺһʲôô
ٿΧˣȻͻֹǰ뷨ҡҡͷԼܰڣһҶûнԼھݴ½ĺ棬ԼᣬҪúðա
еŲرͼеɽˮѾԴһʲôطݣԼ޶û꣬뵽˶ʤݣǾʿһݣˮЩӿԴǰʤݡ
ͷ̻ӣһˮɫɣһĲһе˼һ̵ΰɽվؼǲߴȴͦεӰĻϵĿ
ˮ˵Ҷ̻Ը᲻Ӧ飿
ʱˮʵ
ˮջĿһЦСҲ
ţ㲻𣿡
ʵ
ûԹҲûŲš
ˮ˵ʵ£ûԸҲûŲš
ûԹ˵㲻š
㿴ˮ˵
Թ𣿡
ˮЦʵ
ңԹ
𣿡
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ΪʲôҪţ
ˮʵ
ΪϣҵԸʵ֣š
ͷѤ̻Ȼ󻺻ı˫
ˮʶȤû׷ʲôʱ˹ЦˮԸˣʲô
Ըǲ˵ģ˵˾Ͳˡ
ˮЦ

ܿ͹ȥˣ
ˮһؼҿɣ
ˮ˵
ˮһ㶣ǸĿŻûȥңƺļһжİ
õģĸĸðɡ
ˮ뵽ǸĴ塣
Ǻǣûиĸ
ǺЦ
ȻЦɫһã
ạ̊́
ˮˣһֱûôʣңȻĸһֱΪǸǻĸףֻǸоλƯʵŮеġ


811 ĸĸħ
ạ̊́
ˮɻһ䣬ͺˣԼʵģɫ֪Ǽĵ顣
̵ǸӰɣҵ̲л̣ΪǼŮʵˣҴϿŻͳҵ֣常ĸûкӣҿĵֱӰ洫Ҳĳ˻̡
˵Լ常ϸܰЦݡ
ˮҲȻˣһοʱһһɵӣȻĹǵŮӡ
Ҳ֪常ΪʲôҼ֣գǸҲģԸԶ֪
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ˮڷÿÿͥԼĹ£ֲ˵ҼҶбľʶʱҲˣֱ֪
飬ˮ֪˵ʲôƽʱޱȣԭҲôܣϾ˭Ҳ᲻ģĸʦװƶˣʦװ֪ĸ˭׵үүмңѪףȴǲͬһûѪļͥǻоڣҲΪʲôһֱôڼҵԭɡ
Ӧвѿ԰ɣȻôɰŮ˭
ˮİοŻ
ˣ˵ˣҲûмҲûκιϵ˵ҲǣԶ常ĸĺӡ
ɵЦ
һԽװĪںǾͱʾԽں
ˮû˵ʲôǺͻŰǷȥϧĿһҪذŮӡ
̣㲻Ϻܳȴһֱû˸£Ϊϲ嶼̵֪ǸˣһǿŮڿǡ
ʱڲ˿ǡ˼䡱ġ
ԼҲĻҲǳɾ˵Ե
ˮͻ߽̣ɢ￴ܵı̨һڶ
Ա߻ʹ

ӿĵ˵
һ̧ͷ󣬷´ӣЦرȾˣǴĵⷢϲá
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ˮӣʮͣ¶첲ϼףԾ
ǰ˵ĸ첲ǺǵЦ
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ģ˵ʲôһֱоһ飬˵ԣΪеĶ⣬Ļ˸ǿ԰ЩνĶĵԡ
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Цˮǿеһ㵣ǡ
˼ص棬ȻźԺȥһԺ߳һصŮˡ
ŮӴʮ꣬һص飬ϲĽеˡ
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ĵıסŮЦź
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ˮ˳ó׼õȥоյһ𵤣Ҳˮڰĸĸˡ
յϺܿģԥһ²ŽӹҲûкˮҲˮܿģϲʵˡ
Ȼһֻͣ쾳磬˵ɵҩ˵ɽɽҪ
Ԫ̣Ż㲻ǮƣҲңڣζ
ʶԺ󣬳Թ緹ŮŻ¥˵ֻʣ˺ˮˡ
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Ѿͷġ
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һҲ֪ǺûǻѾ˳⣬һ˵һ飬Ѿͷ֮һ飬ᡣ
˵
ˮȻЦֻҪֻҪԸģҶȥ
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ʱʵһֱüƺһֱԥ
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ҲҲɣԺһᣬû˱ҸʺϣҲ㲻̫˽ңӦ˽Ů۹ɡ
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۾һȻЦʵĸĸûǵŮһǸ˵˵ɣϣ㲻ҪѾͷʱٸ
ȻȻģȴӦǺҪɡ
ˮҲǺɻ
û˵ħţ
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ˮǵôӶľħŵϢòݣˮʹǸȦǿʵЩʱƺҳħ֮⻹зڡ֮ǡƸ³ǡꡭ
Щƺǿʵڡ
ԣħš
˿϶˵
Һƺݡ
ˮ϶˵
Ҳֻܸ˵˿ԴѾͷȥħһˣûʵԶҪȥҲҪѾͷĸħš
˵Щƺࡣ
ˮͷħţݷͬǿĴڣǺʨһĴڣһˮ֪ø˻ǿЦ
һҶʨ룬ھȻֺħųϹϵ濴ԼҪȥ̤ƽһ֮ǿĴֶһ
ˮԼоԼǸˣôѪҲܷԼ궼ܴԽĳرǿ󣬸оʲô鶼ǿܵġ
Ȼˣ˰˾Ŭƴɣûϣ


812 £ȥ̶
Ƭ̵ˮ֣صĵͷԸĻһȥģЩʵǵģ󣬸ذǾĸ
ˮĻЦǿģûпˣҲԥŸģҲ֪ǶǴ
˵̾˿
ҺһҲиŮڶѶʮһ꣬ʵҲĸףѪҺùôΪҺùûǰݷޣΪ˾ܵĸ飬ڶҸܲˡ
ˮ뵽Ц˵
ˮĻһЦˣѾͷĸԵҺܿġ
˵ˣҸ֣ͬʮˡ
ˮ뵽ϳʱ붼¡
ʱˮͻڰǹ䣬ѵɢ飬ܿģˮ߾Ѿˡ
֪ѾߵҩУҶ뿪ˣȴҲǿţߵʱʦտׯ԰Ҳʲôʱ򻹻סһЩӵġ
ߣǽȥôʱˣо
ˮЦʾһ߽ҩС
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Ц
˽ȥˣ԰еҩ԰ڣеҩȻ׳ţ˾ڴҩ԰ҩݡ
ԺȻʱ䳤ˣûӲݴȻܸɾӦ˾ɨģҲʦҵ˰ɡ
ˮͻǼ˴кݺͽ¥ҲǺܸɾЩʲôĶǹģߵʱս˹
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ˮϽŻȥһٴоöʱҪƸˡ
ͳŻͻׯڿеʱ¿ȥֱӴˡ
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ûпʲôֻ뵽̶еֻǿˮޣ뵽Լ̶еЩĶеƷˮ˼󶯡
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Լڵʵ𼶱޻ǲ⼸ﴹһ˳㿴ֻʲô
ʵˮڶֻ޲ûʲôǿĺ棬һֻ޶ѣΪ̶ԻЩġ
ҴׯסЩӺ󷵻칬Ҳȥסˣ޻Ҳׯѡ
˭ȥǳĻҲһṦ򣬻Ǻܷġ
Ҳȥˣʦװʦסǻص˻̣¸¥Ͳ׺¡һҶ軹˫Ȼص˰ҩס
ޡչ嫵ׯºͼĸʲôҲׯ
ˮǺ⣬ׯǵʱ̡ܶ
ڰǺׯˮ£ʯҵˮµһ˵ˮҪҡ
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ʯһЦ⣺Ȼر캦ֻҪˮϰңˡ
˵ɣʲô顣
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ȢҵԲ
ʯ˵ˮ뵽üǰʮʱ˰ɣʱԼڰǵģǸرŭŮͬʱ뵽ǸµŮ
ʱʯͺԲƺǾһ飬뿪ʱʯһᣬ⼸ڰ־鸴ȼˡ
ֱþ˾ȥס
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˵˵ɣˣһҪҡ
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ˮȻ˵ʲôþ˾ȥףȻͲãоϻ£ʱ꣬Ѳǵҡ
ˮҲڴ˼СµСڻǺܾ£ֻڿţѾΪ˸ӵĸףϾҲʮͷˡ
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һʮ꣬ȻȢӣڶʮ֮ʮʮųɻ˺١
Ҳʱ䳤ûҲΪĸף˷ǣˮĵЦŴкˮþûˡ
ˮЦˣȻöֻǶһ죬ڰ˭ȢһҲǼĸ˰ɡ
ãҲðɣ
ˮЦŴкڰǵʱ뵽ΰײڵϵ龰Цˣڻоһܰ
ֲ˵ʱһҪЩ䣬Ҳã˲Ųį˶Żȹģ˸ǻ᲻䷳ε˵飬Ϊõġ
ûйȺ뿪ˣڵѾʺϺԼӴ뿪Ůˣˮеꡣ
һܶˣЩлܶˣֻ˻Լ˾ɢǹɣԶģȻҲ
ȻӰ쵽ˮȴ뵽˺ܶˣǵݺӣˮڰ⼸֪뿪ݼңҲȥݼҼݶơ
庮ҷҵƳϡ｣衢ҽá
ʯԲ飬Ҹǰһʢ磬ȷ˫Ļ£һ뿪ԲҲʯ뿪Ѿҵˡ
Ȼ׼ңˮȻҲңһЩ˵Ǽֵ޴ĶһЩҩƤʲôġ
ȥһλ̣ҲȷˮͻĹϵҪ񷽺һЩѶˣϯʲôȱ٣Ҳ֤˵Ĺϵ

ʯѾԵݳǵʱѾˣǸгŮҲԵŮˡ
ѾҪ֦ɢҶˣϾС౴ҲСˣӸʮˣڶ켶ģʮҲˣѧߵĲ̫Զ
Ѿ׼ٹͷݳ칬ʱˮȥ̶
˵ȥȥڰȫûʲô⣬һģˮٴδһ
̶ǰǵĽأԶӰҲͲסǰʣʧ̶͵޴ڰǶ֪
һιʵΣˮе㼤̶ԼĺôǾ޴ģԱ˵׵أΪԼĸء
ϣһܸԼõջˮ֪š


813 ߹꣬Ȼ弶ɽ
̶лǲڹ꣬С죬ɫҲǸ죬̶̫ˡ
ˮʶǰֱϵ£̶ǿУϸϸĸһȻûиܵʲôǿ޵Ϣ
ܵĲУҲˮԭ򣬻̶ĶأƬ̣ȴһ˵˵ܽ޴
ҵǸ滷ˮĵطóͣʱе㼤Ƭ̣߷˽ȥȻʼȡ
ʱһĹȥ͵ֻЩԵĶȥԷ߻һЩԵĻǰһͨϺη塣
һӺȻûжȴͻȻоһصĸо뵽Уһˮ·оԼʶ˽ȥԼ͡ߣƺһ塣

ǱЦˣԼ˵˾ϻֻƾ͸ԼջͿ˵Ǳˣû뵽ȻԼʶУ·൱һ
Ͷѡ
ˮܿģˮ˵͵ҪԱԼɾκζǡˮоû
һӹȥˣڶˣˮûʲôϲɫΪ͵ʶѾܵˣһֻꡣ
Ѫ꣡
ѪһֱȽټĹ֣ĹЧǷúԲѪʧȥѪҺʱʳѪЧ˵ͼӰģԵƷѪҺƷʣﵽǿѪҺǿ壬һζҩġ
ˮ˵϶ĻϲҲûвģԼɾûڹ꣬гѪ꣬Ƕ֮ࡣ
ˮٴջһЩ֣ԼһЩϡеϺϧЩѾ޷ˮܵϲ
ͻȻˮʶͨ͵߸ܵһʶˮһǹϢǿϢ
һϢˮȿʧʧ޵ʵԼûʲôֵԿ϶ֻ޾ϮԼֻ
ȻˣǾͿʲôɣ
ˮڵȶԷ
ֻǽǹϢƺԽԽԶƺҪܣˮһû뵽ⶫôƻ
ͣˮʶסĿ꣬Ȼóǿšˮ顱̶ֱһҪԼشʲô
ˮоԷĳ˵ٶȼӿ죬Ҳӿǰ׷٣ԷʵҲвԼǿʶΣҲǰܵ
һˮ̶һֹһʱ䣬ͻȻˮ˫ŽӴʯ档
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ˮŽ²ƽĵ棬űˮ飬ˮ߼֮ûˮģˮûȥ̶׵ĵʲôĴ
Ϊǵ޵ϢѾܲˣҪңΪͻȻʧģоΡ
̶ĵƺܴˮϵ̶ţ̶ˮֻб漸峺ģˮɫģֻǲ峺Ӱٵ̶״Ѱʧĵط̶ױһСʱˡ
һŮ׹һĵطҲ֪޽ȥˣ޶ѣˮҲֱӽȥ
Ҳһռ䣬ϧûйֻһЩʯһļɽľЩʱǴҪģΪˮǰޡ
ˮˣֻ޲ͨɫһһֻʮ״Сڹ꣬ȴʮ׳ľ޴βͣڹͷҲǸĳһ㣬һһֻ޹һ
䡭
С͵䣬ɺϣ
ǰʱˮĴ˵ܶ࣬紫˵ڿ޲Լ
ǰʱһޣһɹϳɵһһǿפر
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ˮڿɲƾĺӣʹߣڳѱ
ֻޣҽߣˮоѱ𼶱ƺǿԵģȻûиоԼѱʦƺһѱʦҪǿϲ١
оߺԼϾǿԸܵĿǿ󣬲ֶܿԷƺһֱԼеıˮ顣
һˮǴӡϹꡱ³ģֻ޴Ϲ꣬Īµˮ飿
ˮҡҡ֣㺦
һҡ֣߾˼һٴǰһҲٴ˺һˮԷײʱ򣬲˼һĻˡ
ֻɫĹֱڵϡ
ˣ
ˮеıˮ飬֪Ѱıˮ飬Ǳˮ飬ϹԼģʹͨȥ
飡
飺ӣЧ
ˮһϹԭϹ꣬ȻԼɾеĻƽҩҲǧ꣬һͣԼĻƽҩȻûʲô
Ϲ겻һս꣬鳤սޣ꣬ˮɵ뵽ˮеŮˣһŮˣ˭ˣ
ϹʲôʵϹӾһֻ޴꣬ǰֻߵӣǰȻ˵ǹߵӣкܶ˵оһֻ޴ͨꡣ
ˮֻͻȻѣһֱߵǰĹߣӴһ̣ˮһһɾտԼ塣
һ˲䣬һֱתĺȻͲɽȻ˫˫ͻơ
Ǿˡ
Ȼˮ˷ܵǺȻƺѾȫԶתָֿܲһ˲䱬
һģˮ˷ܲѣԺԼĺȻһֱʹãĺȻ弶ǿ˺ֹһϲĴ˺óʱ䡣
ޣޡ
ɽ弶ûʲô仯ֻǸоеǹɳϢǿʵٴӱһɣΪɽٴα١
ͻȻˮоĵġȻԾˮ׵Ůˣڲ֪ҪҪȣ
ǰڹԹԳĹߣҲǰΪʲôõǹԭһжǹԭ
Ȼѱߣˮ̲סͨȥ
߹꣬ޣһ
⼸֣ˮҡҡͷ䣬Цˣǲʲôϵ֪޶Լܴ͹ˡ
ˮŽ߹սɾޣԼѱˣսȥӦûκ⡣
˳սɾսһ̣ˮоɾƺе仯
Լһȥ
ˡ
ɾȻǰһ֮࣬ﵽǧס
ѵɾˡ
ˮ˲Ͽ߹ڴһˮô͸Ͻܵʯ
ɾ㣬
ɾ߲㣬δ
û
߹Ǹһá


814 ʯɻ⿤
ɾûɾȴǱԭĳһˮ뵽ս߹ܵɾһ㲨ǰʱĲ
ˮоɾͻȻĿռ䣬ӦǺ߹ǸһйϵΪ֮Ҳκԭ
ɾһˮǺܿĵģΪԼޱ࣬ͻƺرǻչ˫̫ˡ
͵óһıɾǸоܶ࣬ٿûɾˡ
ˮҲһֹˮȵԼŪǸˮءҲӦһࡣ
ֻҪɾʶıĶᱣ棬һõɾϿɣˮվˮرϣ̶ײ߹꣬ƺܰݣԶϰͻƽҩ꣬ʶ߹꽻һŷĵĳ
һ򵥵ʶˮ֪ɾı仯Ǻ߹ġһйϵԼѱ˶ԷֻҪ߹겻ɾһֱά״ˣɾͻָԭ
߹ڵʵﲻˮʲô߹ɾˣǰһ̶ֱоƣɾռ˺ܶ࣬ɾӳһЩԽʺֲޡ
Ƭˮɾʯһɽʯֲͦãɾڿĵطֱ̫࣬Ū˽ȥǰĲŪһװΣϾоͦģԺɾЪϢʱҲи硰񳹡ĵط
ΧˮҵһЩ߹ղأһЩʯ֮࣬һֳʯͷһ٣ǰŪȥЩɽʯҲûЩСʯͷ֡
ˮҲֱӶɾ
ٿһûʲô˳ȥűˮˮ̶أȻܵһЩöǾ̶ʲôˡ
߹궼Լոˣ̶ҲûʲôµˣŲƽ̶ʯ棬ϵʯӡʲôС
ΪбˮԭΧܳϺȴǿԿǺԶһЩϺˮĿǴΧˮų⡣
ף
ˮȵĿŲԶʯеһ껨ͨףϸӵҲһƸߣĴָϸȴ˸оܼӲ֦ɱֱ
ʯɻ
лелϧСֻˮ׵ʯ죬ҺԼֵ磬Ȼһᱻˮʴ
ʯɻֲɾģʲôɾ϶лãʯͷҲ
ˮ̶ѰңϧһЩ㲻϶ôĶĸ˹Ҳ͵һ˰ɣĶҲԼϴεˡ
ˮ̶ʲôȻһУҡҡͷ̶ȥ
һջķᣬȻͲɽһҺȻѾﵽǷ켫ĵزԶתģҲһѰĶһлĹĹˮǰǱֽһͱ͸
ʵٴξ١
Ȼͻˮһ˿⣬ҲܿԼͻˣ죬ֻҪﵽ죬оԼﶼ㹻˵Ȩ
ݴ½ԽԽˡ
صҩУÿ׺СһţҲԱߣˮһЦˮ´СһȥˣҲȥɡ
ˮӣֻһȥ뵽ǰǾ仰ǺգڰˣǹҲˡ

С첲ˮ
ˮЦһѽʹգСѾͷЦ
׺𣬿ˮЦůޱȣһԿܰĳȷʵˡ
һ·˶Ǻˮ˴кСӿʲôϡޱȣ㱧ֻҪСһҪʲôʲôֻЦһ
ÿʱҲҪˮȥһΡ
ʱͻЦſˮΪʲô׺ȴһЦſǣȴţԼһ
תǼȥˣˮһҲѾ׼ã׼ݳǣһ뿪ʱӰǣе˺ܶ࣬ʦҵġ̡ҡҡݼңʵǵĴ϶ˣһЩѰҲ˲٣Ϊˮǰǵػڸݵס
⿤ǣ
ʮˮһ˵˺⿤ǣԴϢ죬˿ס˳;棬СҲס
⿤ݵǿǰʮĿ⿤ǿʵΧǺ⿤ǣŲŽǰʮˮ˵ûʲôϵݣԼ޾κˣҲ޾κ
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ŵŮ̿ˮЦ
ͷ˽ȥҲȲиżǵľɫˣһʱ˶ǲ²ʲô
Ҿ¶װζϵȣڽ¥֣һֱµĸоƺ٣һЩɫĸĵ䣬ΧЩ䶼ԷȻסҲѡڷԡ
߽ȥһŮӴˮһ¥һŮһʵǳԷסޡ
ȸҷɣԷһٳԡ
ˮ˵
ţõġ
һֱߵ¥ˮֱӰһ׷䣬ȥһԷϴּ䡢ҾȻи̨
֪ⲻ⡣
Ůվڷ俿ſڵĵطЦʵ
ţ⣬ɣǾͰõķ͵ɣÿݰɡ
ˮݸŮһƱ˵
ã
Ů˵ϸ뿪ˡ
ʱĴУֻʮ˾һʮ꣬ǲʮˣʣµˣߡ
٣һԿһˣȷҪǣ
еһüʵ
_壬ѵˣҵں⿤¹˭
Ӣ˵
٣ں⿤ǵûǵ𣬵⿤֮أ
ӽ˵
ʱһ˹٣Ѿˡ
˵
ǵǼǵգסڵŷ
ٵ˵ꡣ
_壬ôҾ˵ôظˣǸˣֻǻһЩ似ѡ
Ϊٵ˿ĵ˵
К_Ǹû˵
һξΪŮɫѵǵóͷ𣿡
һͷҲ̧˵
ϣҵȻǵãգϷģһøɸɾ
˵ȴţܽǼŮŪ֣ǹҲֵҲС
ΨŮɫŮڽյʱҲûжϹŮˣֻһֱ˰ѣ˺ɫڵҶһġ


815 ֪ʴצ
٣ܸоһ˲򵥡
һֱû˵һ꿪˵
ϻҪ˵ˣҵٿϵŮˣûһӵõ
ֱӺȶ϶Ļ
ɫϣ֪
ϻֹȴЦ˵ǵٽҾͲˣǼ˺ױٽģףʹ㡣
߰ɣ߰ɣɨˡ
ͷ˵ٵĿȻúһߺ޵Ŀ⣬һÿ
ϼں⿤ǳǿļ壬ҹϵƺǢڵôֻԼϼлһѵҲȥȡ֮Ϊ⿤ļ塣
ҲҪϼңҪúϼңʹһֱҵСҲˣϻǵҴϼһҪ͵һͷ
ϻˣʣµҲߣȴǿϻ
Ǻ⿤ǰ׼ҺҵӵܣȵҺϼҾͲ˲٣ƽʱǸŵģҲҪ֡
ں⿤ǣ˾۸Ҳû˸ҿ۸ŮûһǧҲа˰٣඼˶ʧˡ
һ䣬Щ˿ôƯŮ˾ԲѰ˿ӵеġ
ü˵
ϣҵѰ𣬲˭⿤Ҳøš
һȵĹâ
Ȼϣ㲻Ҫڡ
̾˵

ˣ˶ڿУ˵䣬Ʒˣˮоⷹ˻С
λȥͿԿʦˡ
ˮЦ˵
ʦ嵹ͦģǲ֪ļҵŮӡ
׺ºǺЦ
һۣϾͷ޼ɻǺϤģҲϣɻ飬㴫зѼҵĿ
أ
ʱ򣬷ű߿ˣֱӴʮˣķ˲һɹĸо
ˮ̧ͷˣģҲ곤ġ
ۣ
һӿˣ׺¸ϽסˮһۣȻ󽫿Ӽеò˵ݵߣѾͷޣԲˣ
һˮιֱЦˣˮգ£װ¥Ǵǻط䣬Ҫ
ŮЦЦͱСˣʼɫûκα仯ŹϺˮתͷŶ档
Ϣһֱӳ˹ȥȻܼĶļȫое
ܿһƬ
ĸ׵ģ۸ǵ١
ˮüͷһ壬ٴγȥһ껹죬ûԶͣǰ뿪еһ׼ҵ꣬оٱԼĵʱˣȴǰҲȥ
ǰںΪʲôǰû뿪
ǵҵˣҴңɱ㡣
ŭҪݵˣ˵©硣
㲻֡
һץס˵
ϣɱ
ŭĺ
ôܹ裬˴⣬ݶˡ
˵ʲôֱӴûиͲҪˡ
ˮƽ˵ͻһЦţվ׵ñͷĵһԡ
һߣҲǰеһѸȥ
Сӣ֪𣿡
ҧ˵
ҲôſŮԲѷûкʵɾͲ뿪ˡ
ˮĵ˵
ûʲôоΪκ飬˭ǵԼһ
첻ҪңҪ־͹ߵŮ̫ƯˣԲ𣬱үˣԲ˼ֻȥˡ
̰Ŀŵͻ޲һڰȥ
ɫǴϧ㲻ַۣʽ
ˮЦſߵŮӣǺջˮ
ǻûɱ˰ɣɡ
ˮЦ
һ˷ܵĺɫ˳ֱȻ˱˹ȥ
ˮΪ֪౴Ե˸ǶЩ˶֣ΪǵԺҪʼģɴʹӽˡ
лӺһߣֻЩ˵ʵܲ²ں⿤ǵʵοǸһֱڽкҵǿ
ˮڸЩ˷С
Ҫɱˣϰɱ˺ĸо侲ֶνţҪϰߣҲΪھݴ½ǰɱһ㣬Ϊݡ
Ҫɱңүүǵ
ĽеߵһھʣһˣҰĺС
ҰֵĿˮһ̣ˣȻŰ裬ˣǰǿűɫҰףǵԼһ֮䣬ƿرоĺܺãȴԼڸԭָоô˿־塣
ʱһҵĽŲٴʮ˴䣬һ˷·һˮץ˾
үү
ͷһ˫Ŀžߣߵһ㣬е޳׵ͷϵҲƽûйơ
ˮܿ췢ߵ˫ƺһҪһ㣬ݹһ˸оûƤһ
˿ͣȴһվʮλߣҲǻͷں⿤ǸҺ͵ҽаûУһ·ǿߣԵԥĴżǿǰ
ˮԷҡҡͷЩں⿤ǶڣϧԼǰ治ƵģԼһ־磬ЩȴǸ
Ϊһ⿤ľǹڵҵϢȫǸģΪ˲񣬺ӵܸţѹߣаŮǼҳ㷹ΪǮЩǮѣֵľͻʧǮҲûС
ˮҲ֪Լʲôûе뷨һ㣬ɱ˻İãǻˡ
үүҵңۣǾɱǵЩˣүү
ƤҲգĺ˵
ҥˮҲûУЩ˲ֵ˷ѿˮ
˵ʲô㶼
ˮƽ
֣˺⿤ǻôţ֪ʲô
ʲôҲˡ
ݣ
ۣ

źֱӽϥǴ͸ֱˮǰϵĺС
ɫһ䣺ʲôˣΪʲô⿤۸ҵҡ
߿ˮŭĺ
һ˼ʲô㲻϶㵥Ҳһ仰ϡ
ˮмĿ˵
ӿҿжٽ
˵Ӱһˮʮָţ˫Ʒ࣬߳һɴ̱ǵĸζ֮ͷζġ
ʴצ
ˮüͷһ壬ֹܴüΪ߹ĲԣΪҪõʬ壬˫ÿ춼Ҫڸʬнݲʱ


816 ǧն֮
ʴצһ㶼ᴢĸʬԽԽƣһģһ룬ȻǿУһѸٵĲ˶Էġ
̡

Ƭֻ̹ƾȻõˣˮһ㶣Цˣû뵽ȻǿĺȻƻһЩаĴڡ
ߵһϣһֱϵɽ군ˣοʵֲҲˮƵġ
һ߶ˣ˶ˣǵҵ֧ıԵǻָʴצһȻƻ˫ֱϣȻҲƻˡ
ſڵϵĵѾŵĿһУүүս޲ʤսں⿤ǣֻҪүүڣʲôûκ⣬սˣҲҪ군ˡ
˭ס
ҧˮƽ˵
Ҳ֪ԼҪˣƽ˵꿴ڵϵĵҶˡ
Фӣá
һ΢ϵŭţȻһƾҪ
ˮȴֱӽǸɱȴڵ
ʱٴνʮˣͬǻ֮ߣΪ׵һޱȵߣΨһ˫۾峺Ǻʹ顣
ٺ⿤ͷڲ֪ǰܾˣͷӰɡ
Ϊ׵߹˵
ϵƥ㺦ҡ
ŭĿϵŭ֮ǰȴͻȻϵȥ
ûһֻ֣ʲôǡ
ϵŲæĽ򵹡
ˮϵȻҲȻˣȻܶڵҸϢҲһЩϼҵϢ
ϼǺ⿤ǵĵڶ壬˵ϼҵ𵥼ҪһЩ˳ˮյĺܺãˮȻҲͲƴǡ
Ǿ˼ˡ
ˮЦʾϵ㡣
лԺʲôҪæϼһЧȮ֮͡
ϵ湧˵
ˮ칬桭
Ŀˮٿڵ˫Ŀŭˮ·𿴵ʲô˼飬ľȻͷһףˣһϺɫѪ
ʣ˶һŴĿǰһˣݵ֧ҵĴڡ
ǳңԼϲϵļ壬ԼļڳǰģǰȴңʱԼ˾ȻŮ˵ע⣬ⲻ
ֱɱˣ֪ˮ֪ζҪȻԼɣһˡ
ϼҶˣˣϵ뵥ʣµЩ绢Ⱥһ㣬ϼһ˲٣ܿ徲
ϵָʾ£ʬɨɾǳ׵ĸɾеѪζҲһЩζסˡ
ͷӾͲˣʲôֱӷԸһ
ϵ˵
ǵҵϼƺˡ
ˮЦ˵
仰˼ǰѵҵղ͸ϼңȻҵղˮûκεĸоϼ˵콵ơ

ֻϢһ죬һٴ̤ǰ칬·һֻ·ϵһСһ飬ɱǱѧġ
ÿͣʱˮҲ̵˯Ҫá㡱ҲǽһЩеĶ
һʱˮܿģΪȻرʺΣһʹٵһΣеĶ٣貽ǧն
貽ѾˮںϵУˮʵѲԭϵǴĹңȻͺ貽ںϣٺںϡ
ǧնʵˮֻСɣоûʲôãֻǹٶȻߣϧСǧնǲͲˮһֱˣʹڽ̵˵ʱҲֻ貽ѡ
ڽ̵εʱû뵽ںεٶϣٶȱ¸¥ڻҲѷɫ١
ˮɴǧնҲ̸࣬ˮ۾ǣܿ̿࣬ӰҵڣҲǰǧնͺ貽ѾǴɾ硣
ˮ˻ᣬͱϲıࣺһڷʺĹڿˡ
౻ˮţЦˮԴˣһѪ˴˵Ĵһֱܷ۵ĴڣܵΪԼѾĹˡ
㣬£ҿ
ɫպڣһҰ⣬ˮһפе
ţ
ӰڲݵѸٵĴӰƮȻ貽Էӳ˫ֻ׺һ㣬Ѹǰӳ
ֻʮӰӳӰ赫ȴǷ·ֵϣÿӡȺ˳ǲһ
žžž
һżһֱһӵʱͣͷˮϴΰĺٶȾͿˣʱҶ£ϰˡ
̫ˣ㣬ԺźΣٽһ֣ʱЩɣÿϴ̫ȭˡ
ˮĵ˵ͬʱԼҲҪǧնǰԼҲʩչʮӰһܿ͹ۣԼ©ݹеĹ
಻ԺںɾͣӵĶ⨺ܿͻǿźõһ淢չ
ϣˮýվ󡢻ҹˮɾ˳ҩ
ΪǿҩЩӾҪˡ
ζˮһ־һ󼤶ⶽǿʲôҩ澭ȫɣʵȫҲûʲôãҪʱ̫ˡ
֮Ѿޱȣ׼ʱҲһ㣬ˮĲ٣Ͼ˰Ͷ֮⣬⽣֮˻ǺܰԵģͬһкɱ
˺ڳ䲻Ҳɱﵣ·ӵķеˣϣԼϹŶܾ֮
ˮϰΰ̬ͼϧ֮⾳ϻǴٽ㣬һֻѾˡǡ磬ȴǾ޷ͻƣ֪Ϊʲô
ڳľѾȥͻƣΰһͼãĸӽʵӵ˺
ô֪ˮоƺȻ⣬ܵһˮĸоôʱ䣬ˮġ֮ѾСԼ֪
ôˮͣصĻţƺѾʱ䣬ָֻ֪оر泩ڻһܣǰֵԼȥ
Ҳ֪˶ʱ䣬ָо·һ˲䣬ַ·ǧ꣬ʱ΢ЦŽеĽ𾫱ʷ¡
ͻˣ
֮
ôʱ⾳ڴﵽ˻֮ˮľƺҲ΢ı仯ָо·һӿ͸˺ܶ飬ֳĸоڻĸо뵽ʨ붼ǰôڲʵˣľӳˡ
һָоһ⾳ֳ費ͥǰ䣻ȥ⣬ƾ档


817 ķ
ʱˮſԼĻΡ
ԼĻͼһֻ˵ĻΣеϻʵһǿԸоѪǼܵĸоʤǰʮٱ
ԭǻ֮
ûйǼܵϻζͲġ
֮ˣҲԡˣˮһֱȻһֵĻ治ôϾǷ켫ľѣ϶˻ҧأҲ˾޷ѧĸԼһԼҪѧֻ̫Ҫѧ㣬𵽲á

ٻĸоˮĸоǸоһ͵ĸо
һǳɣ˵Ҫһ꣬ҪָоָоһٿҲûйϵ
һǳɣˮоһλȻҲţһ޷ĸо
Ժǰͬġˮܿģ֪ѾͻƵ弶ֱӽеϡ
ɵı
õˮЦˣϲǰͻƵĺȻͲɽԼʵӲ١
ܷҲԭĻЧ˱һɣˮܸܵϵˣסļˣסĿʵҲˡ
㸮Ҳ
ˮĵ콵úȲԼϣˮĵǰٷ֮ļ١
ڡ֮ߣˮǰļ弶Լѧļѧһ
ˮһֱ뻭ڿˣ
ˮͿеһֻ˼Σʧ˺һֱûٻһоԻˡ
ֽжķһķĿжҪֶҪġ⣬ͶԷɱ⣬Ŀս
ķûжһ־񹥻ʵÿֱӷ
ķǿ֮ǿۻһβӰ죬ȴǿۻʱһʱÿһʹüӡ
ˮҪľۻĹЧֱӹԷģΪˮľǿǿĶʱⶾķŲɺӵá
šеĶķͼĿţˮÿһοһѪڡ
ΪһŮͼ񣬶ķеŮһϮɫɴ¶˫֡۾գѩ񣬾Ө͸
ͦؽɴ³һ˵ĻȣŵߵգеŮһ˫ڱʯһǵķͦԵõžˣһ߷ɫ̴ڣɫһһܻӭɫģľ˺ͳջսһ˵ļޡ
һŮӣһŻգɢ屬ѵĳ嶯
ķΪϣ˿ԶܣֻҪʯЧӱԺɫЧٷڶԷвþͻߵľйϵ
Ҳˮѡ񻭶ķԭΪϾԼﲻʯҲ̫࣬ȻڿŶķʱȻʧ񣬶ܴﵽʯ˾Բࡣ
ɫ˸ǱȱȽǣԽǿԽįԽܵŮɫӰ죬ʳɫҲ̫ˡ
᲻ŮҲЧоʲôƬ̵ˮȻɹԼһ£ʲôҲˡ
ΪѧһµԲһʹﵽ弶֮ﵽ˻֮ٻ°빦
ҲǵһλŮ˵ͼ񣬶ˮоⶾķϵŮӶѷɫŮͼϵŮӡ
⡶Ҳ֪ǳ˭֣֮ǻֻƾⶾķϵŮӾѾѷɫڵĻ
Ȼˮʼķ
һˮˣҲǾ̾ŮͼۣҸˮбһԭһֱҲûгȥȴǷԼȻ׵ĻΩΩФȻڲܺŮͼϵŮԼķϵŮӱȽϣõǰԱЩνʦǿޱˡ
ˮĵǾȻξͳɹˣԼû뵽Իôãǡ֮Чڳȥ˻񶼿Ǯˡ
ˮڻ֮ھݴ½ҲĻʦˣΪû˵˭ܴﵽǡľ硣
ΪﵽǸĻʦԻǣ˵Ķܻһʱ䣬ֱŻʧ
Ǵ˵˵֪
ˮҲֻǻǵ֮ڻ֮һκܳ·ҪߣŴﵽƤ֮ѪԼڵĻǣڻϣǴﵽһ۷׶ΣϾ߼Ļֻһ˵ѡ
ɹˣˮĵķ½𾫱ʣŶķе㲻ʹˣٴζƬִ̺߶ֱԼĿڡ
Ŀ΢΢һʹ
ȻǰһȻԺȴǳһˣһŮˣˮȵǾȻǷҵǸƳϣһſƾɫ˫ɢǵĹâ޳飬ؽ·߸߳֫βν칤βеԲ޳˫ȱֱȳƣһŵĸо
ˮþûˣ㻹ǵ𣿡
һֲɣȴޱȡ
ˮһ֪ǻþ뵽Ůе㲻ǰӰ쵽ˡ
֪սУССӰҲġ
Ƕķáģ·𿴵һЩ޷ƽĻ桭
ˮǻķܿˮγɣûͣѡͣػ
һֱоˣͣϢƬ̺óһŶķⶫۻһӿĿʹΡ
һˮٴοһŮˣ֪ˮоԼ䲻ΣٴαŵˣҲڲڶԵУǱʶĻһɡ
庮ҷ
Ǹӵо֮ŮӣϻŮӡ
ˮûټ飬ˣʳˡˡˡˡˡˡӪˡ
ˮڸоˣҲ֪ǵʲôҲоǷʲôΨһҽεˣΪˣˮа취
˻ãˮоѾԽˣﵽ߿еĳ̶ȣ߿ֱࡢϿࡢࡢࡢԹࡢࡢ󲻵ÿࡣ
߿̵ģˮԼоķԺһĿ߿࣡
֪Ѿ˸óɾʱˣܿģһλׯջ޴ֻҪÿʱÿ̶ڽͿԣôͻƣЩǿġ
ѾǺҹˣǻԭȻϷǵ㣬ΧҲǻɵģѾǴˣеرϡ
Ȼǿ壬ǾûиоֻǿԿס£¶ѣǿ߶ЩĸоС
첻öʱҪˣɴҲͲϢˣ΢Զһĵطȥ


818 ˮĵҩ滮
ܿɫѾ΢ˮճһʱ䣬㿪ʼϰΣ貽ѾﵽԲڽˡ
ˮϰǧնоûʲôɱǧնȻɾԳѾͶ뵽ϣҲͽˣκ󣬾͸ûҪǧն뷨ˡ
εƮҪģչٶҪմߣ˲䱬һ羢
Сɾǧնɻһ˫ӡҲˮԭ򣬰˵ɶʮӡôСɾҲҪĸɣȴֻһ㣬Ż֡ͷˡ
ʶҲ֣ǧն֮֮ǧնߣǧնʽǿ
ܼܺ򵥣ǿۣʲôƺ˵Ϊûһ̶ı׼
ɾӡ󣬾֪ԼˣݹûĹ°ǧնʰ
һĻʱҲһĹȥ
ʱ򣬻ͷĶ⨺˹һװ˵ʿװ°ɫһӢˬʣں͵һμˣǰĬȻĹ¼ţڲһŮӣˮܿġ
㣬ôˡ
ˮͣЦ
ⲻǱû𡣡
ЦĶ⨺ѾԶˡ
Ѽ󣬾͸ģ죬ˮѾڿ̫ʽʱҵҲ½
е׼緹󲿷ֶҸյسеֱӶԴһʱﵹֵͦģʱĻЦ

һºһ˻ص칬һɣˮ֪Լ̫ͣʱ䣬ҲҲܴһ꣬ʱúá
ص칬һ֣Ҳ˷޼ɵӣһòٸһŮӣʹʮ꣬üɨķϻǹһͲѰ˼ҵŮӡ
һˮص칬ǸŮ˲Ƿ޼ɵӣˮһûлص칬ǲǷ޼ɵӣˮҲ֪ŮµҵŮͮ

֪һˣ
ڤնǾŸ´ˣѾ·пԱĳһ֣˵ľǴ򡭡
СһʱҪرǳԷʱСһﶼһ˫ӣ
ҲòǣСĺʱͻ˶࣬ᣬҲоֵͦġ
ˮһֱûкͻ˵ħŵ飬ûиĸĸħţֻЩȥˣĸĸǲǽڶ
ħǿʵ֮һʹȲʨ뵫ҲڵˮǵģǾӵһݣħſݻķˮƾһ㹻ˡ
¾ݣӣ㣬ħŵǿӹɵġ
ٵȵȣһҶѾǸ£ҲںһħţҪʵ
ǿЧϧûǿҩҲϧûҩݣˮ֮ԳȥȥѰҩݡ
ʤݣ֣հй֮޲϶ʤʿڶ࣬ĸǶ಻ʤһ棬ҲˮһطҲԼҪĶ
ȻҪȥʤݣҲҪٵȵȣʱܰҵʵ٣ЩۻһЩҩʲôҲˡ
ǿǿɣֻܷһšԼһߵ˶ûзù
ѨͨͨءѨֻܷһΡˮҲû˷á
Ԫÿǧ֮ÿֻ޷ʳʮţǶһֱʹá
Ԫ̱Ԫ˶зõģܶ඼ûзá
ǿǵҲǣڴǵûдǵЧá
˻޶ʹãͬҴ󲿷˶ûʹá
Ԫˮѱ߹ûз⣬˵޺ﶼˣ޽׵һɼ޵ĵǰȼֻͬȼеĽ׶˼ֻˮʹùĶûʹù
С󻹵ˮԪյ޼Щʵģ㡢嵤絤񵤵Щ
ϵĵҩ󲿷ֶûзãЩ˷С۳˶ʳ󻹵յࡢ౴ԡ˫˿ʵٴδ
ЩҩˮٵĶһЩЩҩֻܷʳһŻţȻûжٵҲ㹻ˡ
⻹һ컯ҪƵģ컯ǿԽһöһЩҩŵġ
컯ĹЧֱһʵϵ߿ٿٿʵȡ
ʹߣ
ÿο⹦ЧǸоһ󼤶Ϊ̫ǿ̫ˣҲǺǿÿһֻܷʳһ컯һҪߡ
컯ȥһЧģͬаٷ֮һļʵõԵֻǳɹ΢΢һ컯´ˮƯϾһöҪʱ̫
аٷ֮һļʵõԵֻҪǰٷ֮һļʾпܹ߷ǾʵȣҲǹͻƣͻ
νİٷ֮һϣʵǿȽϺãһõʵЧʵ̫СĻ컯㡣
ˮԹνļʣɹˣ˹ƺԸⳢԣϾֻһöһǳ͵ļʡ
컯µʵ㣬ֱ۷壬ʡʱ䣬߿Ӱٿٿʵ
ÿһֻܷʳһţܰ컯ҩʦҲ࣬οֶҲޱȣˮͷҲֻһöѣ컯ǻţһֱûзãһʣµģһһö컯
ˮֱӷʳһڶһĺ˵ֱͻƵ죬ûƣɹʳ͡
ˮ붼е㼤
ÿֻܷʳһ컯ʣµö컯ˮߵ˷£ʵ
ʳһţʺ츳ٿʵûκ⡣
һ˼˼ȥϣйһͻƵ𼶱
׼˫õģʵˮܾᣬһҶ衢¸¥׺¡۳ʡҲʡˮƺûпǹ
ʺϣˮڵȺһʱ䣬һҪˣʱ£ϣʺϵ˶һš
ǵʵҲȵӣ޽׵ٴǿ޽׵ҲƵģҲΪܻ뿪Ƶġ
ǾȵȵȣʵǶˮ˭ʹöûκ


819 ǿҩ
ǿ˵컯ûţΪ޼յ󻹵֮ࡣ
ЩҩеѾһ֣ܶ඼ûзõģǰǸоʵøо˷ѣٶˣˮҲ뿪ˣ߶پ߶٣ԺԼȱٵҩġ

ˮǰĵĽе
Ѿͷһ鹦״ָ̬״̬
ˮЦ˵
ӦһͿʼй΢գˮǸе仯
ѾͷȻʲôҲҪ룬ѸٵתͿˡ
ˮ컯ݹȥ˵
ӹֱһڷ£ȻϥںԺĶ̨ϣˮĻѸٵת֮ľߡ
ˮ΢΢ı۾ʶչľˮԺ֣ܿһǿѸھӡ
̲סһȻת֮ٶ͵ؼӿ죬Ҳһӱҧء
ˮ˫ۣѾɫ죬һһ뵽쾮λãסǱϢ
ʱӹ̾
֮һ£ĸоһϢھǱоȵľƽ
һ㲻ʱ䣬ɫٴαó죬ˮûжһʱҲǱó죬ʱˮٴγ˶ԷغȪ
ÿһʱˮͳһΣǿҩı׶ˣһ˾ǵõһЩνĵرһЩĵҩҲ޷ʹãΪױ
ʵ񣬵Ҳ˾룬ڵھʱеǹȶҪǰǹΪԼ
ˮҪľǲҪ˴ŵͿԡ
Сʱ˫ۣһϲȻ󿴵ˮ΢ЦſԼĵֱһѱסˮ

оô
ˮЦǿԸܵʵġ
պͻƵļ
˷ܵ˵ʵֱӱﻹǲŵġ
ҼѾͷʺãյĺá
ˮҲǺܿģ컯Чܹؼ
Уʮڣˮһĳ֣ﲻͬȻĴȴǿԳɳһµĵزֻԼҪΪṩһЩ
ˣЩǵġ
ﱧˮһֻ첲ſĵ˵
ûɲģĸĸԼϻܿģӣܣоԼŮˡ
ҵŮ˭
ˮЦź̨
ˮƵ޽׵һ룺ЩҩÿһŶһɵļͻƵǰĵȼʱԣڽǵ컯ˡ
ǵˡ
ӹˮȻҪˮǲˡ
Ȳľ뿪ˣˮûмٷʳҩϾո컯崦һֱ״̬²ʺϷʳҩ
ԾǿҩۻҪҪһЩʱġ
ҩЧԽǿĳʱԽ컯һֻܷһƷƷȵҩҲƣһһֻܷһΣܻ졣
һʵͬĵҩʵǿĿڶʱٴηͬȼĵҩʵĻʱԻĳһ㡣
ˮѸһһյǵòѾԿԷˣʵ˵΢СҲԷãΪյסഺǶյյǶסöյʱգˮΪһʧǳ׳˵á
˵СϻͯݵҩƷʿһЩҩǴ˵еģû֤ʵ

ˮҲû뿪ΪڷʳҩʱҪչһ£رʵһģһҶǾûκˡ
յɵʵϧһҶǸӵľˣӵĲʮʵ
౴ǵӵĲ٣ȫʵɣǿޱȣֻӵʵʮϵµĲ
ˮҩ಻࣬Ҳ٣һǿ󣬲ʹҲҪһµʱ䣬ϧ۳뿪ˡ
ҵ󣬵۳뿪ˣˮʱĻһ龰˵˼һֲˮҲ޳ɣֲҽ
˼һʹһܣɵ뵽ĸףЩģĳֺͻĸ׻ⲻеʹ
ĸΰʹԶһУǲǣһǿҵѹ֡
ڸ׵ˮһֱڻǸˣˡ
ɾУ
ˮʱҩǿҩҪˣҩȳ
ǿ
˵澭Уζ棬ҪǿߵҪζǿζһŲɹƵĺô
е澭ǿ֮һƿͷﵽһͿͷ

ʶеɴˮޱȣǽƵĻԪƳ
ȲĽʶȥе澭ǿ֮һƿľͿĹﵽһͿľ͵Ĺ
̿ǿҩ
ǿҩ滨ħ֮ˮнţݡǧݡͷʨӲݡǧϵͨݡɲݡǧϵ̫ǧϵĹѪǧϵ֥ǧ»ǧϵıˮ۷弶ڵ۷弶޽۷弶Ѫ㡢ҡ
һҩˮˣ֪ǸÿĻѹ˰ӡйӶħĹ⣬ҩûб仯ֻҩݴ˳ˡ
ǿЧľ;ɵʮɣ˵ճ̶ȡͬʱǿͶǿ벻Ч
ˮû뵽ôһ仰Ǻ飬ֻҪƳǿҲƳǿ
һһ飡
ˮڲȥ侭ӦҲʱҪܶʱۻˡ
ˮоǾҵǿͶǿҩݣŬչʹ֮ġ
ĸɾ磬Լսˮ֪·;Ҳ֪Ρλβô׵ģԼһֻ֮ܿţȴš
㿴ҵɵ󡣡
˷ܵˮ˵
ֻǿɵѾﵽţһС忴һ㣬⻬ӲƤʣϸֱһβͣצһɭδһݣһ
СɵֲޱȣɢϬϢ
Ȼﵽ˼ʵ
ʵսһǵҲֲôɵǿ󣬶һֻϣʮֻѾγɹģοֻͷѾɳˡ


820 
ˮֻǿޱȵɵܿģޣֻɵĳɾͲɹơ
Ҫɵ֣ɳԭֹϣﵽһǿĸ߶ȣһ᲻ͻơ
޶ˣȻɳԭֹԽԽãɵӦòǡ

֪ʱȥ£ڤҲ·ˣֻеλƣ˵ʵжһ̨ס
ǿʼеҩԺ°빦οеĵҩ;֮Լ룬Դﵽ΢׾ϴ衢̱Ԫ
ԵҵٵĶͻ౴ļ໢żʮ
ģ۳뿪ˣһҶպͻƵ⻹ǰѾﵽ۷壬ټһŬպͻơ
׺º¸¥ûͻƣǰ׺Ѿʳյ֮࣬¸¥ﵽ۷壬ûͻԭĵȼ
ﵽ۷ʵѾżʱпͻƣҲһҲ޷ͻơ
ˮһȣʵ޷ͻƣ;컯һҲҪҪ죬ˮԼʳǿʣµһ컯
˫ͻƵʦװǴǱȽϿģˮоʵĻе㲻
ʦװڲĿռܴ󣬶Ҳа취˵ĳɾͣǺġ
ЩҩƽʱŬܴﵽɾͣȣ칬Ľչˣǰȵǿ˲٣Щҡɻûñȡ

ˮҪؼˡ
һ㵽Ժҵˮ˵
۳һʱˣһֱˮʱ仹еԴһԼǰ˵ˮ֮ͺ˶ʱ
֮ŮʲôʱӹΨһһеܺͺøУԷȴƺϲԼԼѾˣԼƤԼģȴǲ⣬ûжԼκαʾ
ʱ乻ˣͽգԵö࣬뿪
Ҫ뿪ˮҲǾеھΣ֪ΪȻ뿪ôʱ䡣
һʱҲᾭݣʱһȥΣ
ˮ˵
ˣˣѾͲĸǶ˵ˣ뿪
Цҡҡͷ˵ܼᶨ
ˮҲ֪ʲôоԵûаҲΪ۳ԭԱ˴ӦҲһܺõѣܿʧ䣬пɬԼǸӵ顣
氮Լһܿɣˮ²ţΪ֪ζҲ֪ÿ˶пԡ
ĽЩ֮ˣ߲ܣҲҲְܺܿɡ
ˣҲߵЩŮҲͲˡ
ˮһʱҲ֪˵ʲôͣһ˵㡣
仰õֱӳȥˮûҲûбʾһоԼĺʹΪ֪һԼ˾ҲûнĿˡ
һ˫нղã˼
лл
΢Ц˵
ллˮͻȻ֮о͵֮ľڻıԶ΢Цӷ·صǻ㽣ʱ
һѾǸеվŮӣȻôǽ׽ûˣٴλָǸԻŮӡ
ת뿪ˮûпЦ֮į߳Ժ˲䣬еһỬ䡣
ˮˣĺգ·˺ˣ
ϵΣָЦݡ
ŵ뿪ӰˮоеΣ֪Լε㻹ǵ۳ҲǶһɡ

ڶˮȻվɣֻǵ緹ʱ򣬷ֵûг֣һͻæŵķȥ
ʰ룬Ҳ룬һȾķһɵĺ㣬һˮû˼ڷĲ輸һŷ⡣
дˮ֣
ˮѸٵ˺ŷ⣬ȡһؽֽ
Ͻ򿪣Ѹٿȥ
ˮ㿴ŵʱѾ뿪ˣҪ׷ˣûµģҲҲҵģҪˣϲ㣬㲻ϲҡ
ΪʱиĹۣᰮңϲ˭ϲ㣬ôһϲˣȴϲıˡ
ҪھΣû£ҺܼǿϲɣҲвϲҵɣҲǰǷģҵĥ
ǸˣȻҲеɫϡ
úöԽ㣬Щĺܿ࣬ˣԺ󲻻ˡ

ˮƬ̣Ѹٳȥ˵һŻѸշȥããûϤӰ
վڿеˮ֪ԼҪʲô׷ΣվڻңԶĶ
ˮ֪ʲôѶϣֿҲǲĽ֣ˮܸоߺԼлһź
֪ʲôûϲŮӡ
һΣһΡ
ˮԼ˵Ȳ²һȻʩչУǷܸܲϵ㡣

Լǰǿܶıʵʱʱ뿪ģŶȥڸоٶ̫ˣɡ
ÿһʱ᲻ܿƵĻһۣôϣǸӰ֣һΡΡһδεĶһĽ
ԳЦЦ㰡㣬㣬ֺܾαˡ
֪ˣɳ֪Զľ룬ҡҡͷӦ֪Լ뿪˰ɣ׷Ҳ׷ˣ˵ӦðͲԼ뿪ɣһϲŮ˲Ҳܷġ
¶һ˿ɬЦ⣬ֽѧ˿ЦԼʲôʱôһϲһˣ׷һˣȴۡ
ѾͷˣԥԼٻһͷٻһΡ
վڱϵĵ㣬΢תȥȻǿտҲҡҡͷЦЦתñӿٶȷС
ֻǵתʱˡ
Զǰͣһֻľ񣬶ǸƵվ棬΢ЦŵĿԼ
һ̣ôҲƲסıӷᣬеҲƲסĻ
Ѿɵ˻ǰ
ˮ̤˲͵˵ǰֽ֪˵⣬һΣ׷Ǿ˵ԵദǱʶĿΪ뵽˵۳Ļڶĺ͵֮Ե֡
ѡ˷ʱֱʹ˾У֮ΧһƬߣȻʱȺ޾ȴûзϤӰ
ˮʶеǵӰʱеţǰΧûзֵʱ򣬾﷢˼
׼ȥʱһ̧ͷıԭԼľѾǰ棬һˮƺĳ־
رڿϵĵ㣬þòɻͷʱ
ôˡ
ˮԥһ°ᣬԽԽࡣ
ˮ
һˮȻֱһѱסˮίˮҲޱȡ


821 ޣ뿪ǰϦ
ˮıסʱѾһΣΪҵļʼΪ㣬ȴǾȻҵ
㱧ˮܽ΢ĲɼʱĲǿңʳ
ˣ㡣
ˮĴŵĺ󱳡
ǵڶλǵαˣݴ½ķţ󲿷ŮӻǴͳģһǴͳġ
̧ͷʱһ滨Ľգ΢죬ϧİˣʱĿˮ·Ҫˮ̵̵һ
ΪʲôҪˮѾҲˣΪʲôҪ֡
ˮ˵
Ůеٶۡ
㲻ٶۣľ񡣡
㱧ˮɿ˵
ˮһԣЦԼӵ˴յŮ˵㣬ҲˣҲֹһŮˣңί
ѵھͲί𣿳ôһϲһˣһһߣȴǱ˺ա
㿴ˮ˵
ˮʵҲǺܸжģһŮӷһԼߣĲӲ˴һʼڽӴĴҲ٣Ҫԭˮ֪Ϊ۳
ǵ۳ֹƺдˮ͵뷨Ҳ˵ȴǸоеԲס۳
۳͵㲻ǽõĻں͵ĽҲһˡ
ѵһҲϲ𣿡
ƺ˺ܴʳˮԸܵúܿ졣
û˲ϲŮϲͰ£ʵҾܾҲҪܴġ
ˮȴ˵
ġ
ˮĻǿģˮֽ˽
ȻģȻ㲻ᵫҲǸŮ
ˮЦ˵
˭˵ҲᣬҺġ
ɫ΢ĿˮҲ֪ˮǰĿ޻
ھͺᣬô˻ޱӣ顭
ˮĲϵֺۣǽ۵ļӴﶼһͻ
ǰˮȻҲᣬʱûҲûΪƺ˿⿪Ľᡣ
б顭㣬Ҫҡ
ֹֻˮĲ΢һ
ãҲ㣬˵ɣʲô
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Ҫ˵ϲҡ
΢ͷˮС˵
ˮһ㶣Ȼ󿴵Ůˣǽ۵Ķ˵ķۺ죬ʱɢѪڵϢ
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ڣ·ɶ˻Ҳڡ
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һˮһķ·𱻴ˣԾĽ˽˫ۣĵıţű˴˵
ȥɣҪǵĸô
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ˮҪȥģõңˣ֮飬ǲںʱķ룬һġ
΢ͷˮ
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һ㶣΢˫ۣסԼȴǱ׾ֻǲţԽԽˮо̼
ģˮ£ѾϵĬĸоˮŪ绨һĴꡣ
ˮ˫Ǽͦʱİסˮ֣ʹˡ
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ˮ֣ȴѹǵԾϣ˵ʱա
һ㽿εİˮϣҲɿٹˡ
ˮŵľգǽ޵ݵɫ궼·ܵһֳִ̼ʴǣ֡

û
һӵʱ䣬
ˮڵ˵һ䣬ֱ޵ݣճ

ȷҪߣ
ˮʱ͵Ѿ䵽ԭϡ
ţȥңԺһȥģⱲ˦ҡ
㿪ĵ˵
ȥɣа
ˮ׼컯óݸ㡣
ˮҲûж˵ʲôֱӽӹȥ
ˮһţŮͼϵŮӣֱӴļյİٶ࿤ʵ㿪ĲѣǸŮӣʵͻƻ൱ĵģ˫ϲˡ
ŵһ죬һ϶ڻ϶ȹģȻҪ뿪ˮɴַʽһˡ
ڻţ˵һЩ£ʱĴĽһֱڶ졣
ˮȥɣѾԶˡ
㿴ˮ˵
ˮͷ۾һ̡
㻺۾
ˮ񣬱סѾĵ㣬Ϊ뿪ǰҪԼ
ˮЦ˵Ĵϣͬʱʹ˾С
һ˲䣬֪ʲô顣
һһӣȻзֿű뿪ˣˮӰʧ߲ųŻ񷵻ء
صҺѾǵˣУˮѱһö컯ҲҩȻĿš
Ҳһ־޴ͻƣһ컯ļֵ˵ۣ𵤵ļֵ˿ѷɫ
صң˶ǷĲ٣֪õĵҶ˿컯ָһҶ衢׺º˫
ˮͻƵ𼶱𣿡
üˮ
ô𣿡
ˮЦʵ
ǣǲǸкӣ
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ԭҲǾԵġ
ˮû뵽ԭ
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͵˵
ˮڸоѾͷ̫ɰˣݴ½뷨ҲУľǷëǡ
ȷô
ȥ˭΢Ц˵
ţ
ܵ͡
ȥţӡ

컯һҶͻƵ弶׺ͻƵļ˫ͻƵ
컯㲻ںǿĵҩÿֻܷʳһš
˵ʵҲڿȲˮҪĵҩʲôѷָˣʮȫһЩ϶Ҳ̸ҵˡ
ʱҲˣˮоҲٴǰɽԼĺȻﵽǸˮеŮӦÿˡ
κǸŮӾǳƽϾԼһֻϹԼһӣǿҲ޷ѱ߹꣬ҲûЩô
ҲֻԼܰﵽˡ
ˮ뵽Ǹ֪˯˶õŮˡ
һŮһŮӡ
ƮһҶڴŮҲƮΪ칬ŵǿһҲ칬ΪǵĴڡ
Ҫ뿪ˣ֪Լʲôʱ԰Ӧÿ˰ɡ


822 ǰɽٴνˮ
¹ˮ׼뿪
뿪ֻӦ£֪ˮԼҪûйֵһֱżӣڤҲẰˣ뿪
һ뿪û˵ʲôʱԻΪȷʲôʱ
Ѿͷױ¡
ʦװǳЦȥˮա
ˮĵСѾͷԼͲ֣ʦװЦãһúǰСѾͷˡ
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ˮҪȥǻɽǰȥٴο˳ȥǺ׹ܲܽˮеŮӾѡ
ˮҺһȥɡ
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ٵȵȣڴģܿ죬ʱֻҪԸȥȥģȥﶼһȥ
ˮЦſŻ˵
һֱƭǣÿζ
Цû֪ˮⲻף֪Ϊ棬ҵĺ칬Ŭ
ҪСģǻָأٻʲôӦ㡣
˫΢Цſˮ绪˫һΡ
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һҶһֱû˵ʳ̻Ϻƽˮղĸ鲨Ļ
ٺ٣ҿҪ
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˫ͷһƬ糺졣

ˣȥɣõҡ
ˮѾȥˣǰϻҡ
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ˮס˫ʲôҲû˵ֻǽıɿˣԥһߵһҶǰ
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һҶЦĹ֮⡣
ˮͷıסˮоԼܿ죬ͬʱҲһҶҲܿ죬֪ܿƽ
Ϸ˻ôš
ˮӨĶ䴦˵
ˮĻһҶ§סˮ΢΢һɣһˮ·оźԼһ
ˮ˵һ仰Ҳ˵˵֮ǰԼʦƽʱЩСҲûзԣŮô£ڣԼĽӴҲ˵һ⡣
ԼҪƵĶ࣬һֱղһҶĲǰԼͬʱţ˵˴˶ǺںԷ

֣ˮŻ뿪ˣֻʣһҶ˫лһֱʧߡ
㣬ŮϾǸӣѵһֱ𣬵ҲҺƤ
һҶ˵Ϻġ
˳ȻɣǰȻû˵Ӧ֪ʲô˼ġ
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˫ЦŽӵ
Ҳǣֲ˫ǰ
˵ңСҴƨɡ
˫߼

ŻɽѾˣ˽ɾʱ⣬ʱ䶼ڸ·ٶȱǰټһһεľлǺܿġ
Ѿһ·̣ǽ뵽֮صĵشһûʲôΣա
ÿθ·ʱˮоٶݴ½ĵ̫󣬵°ʱ䶼ͣ·ϣһݵһݣߴһҪʱ޿ɹƣ·ѣԶźĲǾ޴ġ
ǰˮڸоõ㣬ֻоǲȻ͸ˬˣһκᴩһ֮ء

ˮһ޼ʵĻɽоһϤϢϤѹɽûʵĴڣǿҲѹƵ۷ʵ
һνȥˮȴǷֲһǾ޴ѹʱȴǱˮԶתĺȻһЩָȫʵĴһɡ
һɣ
ˮʵǰ££Ȼʩչǧʵ
ԼڻɽлǿߣҲ߼ǿˣЩĻҪǿܶ࣬ˮоԼĺȻǲǿȫơ
ΣһõϢԼ⻨ɽгΪǿڣԭǣĳһԼֻƾָ֮ܽ
ΪһЩԼʵΪ׼ͶԷģ硰㸮һ㸮ֱӿ۷ʵ޻ֱţ
һ䶨סҲԡ
Ը۷ЩǿߣԼֶ޷ЧԸЩʵٷְٴЧǳʱҲ䳤
һ·ˮҸɽЪϢ˳㿴羰ȻУɫҲǺܴģһ̶ȵľɫ޷԰Ρ
Ȼģ׵硢硢ɽ

ˮ̧ͷԶһȺʮףóУȺûʳޣڰ˰ֻ¡
Ⱥ۷вһǻɽûĴڣ˰ֻʳޣóٶȵޣ۷Ҳѡˡ
ˮͬΪȻԭڿԷӳ߼ʵİȺС

ĽһֵֻİͻȻˮȥ޴צˮԴץȥ
֪
ˮֱ֣̽ץסǾ޴צӣȻһһֻ̫ͣǱˮеͱ˸͡
һֱӰֻ飬⣬֮ͽԷɱ
ҲˮɱһֻȺˣȿֺĳˮȥ
ˮ۾˲ΧһӳˮԺС
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ˮѸٵĴۻҵ̾Ϊֹһ̴ٵĲѪȱȼֻҪҪһͻĽ
ϧʵ⣬ÿһεĳֶǽһֻοˮڻɽҲǿԷеģθݡ
˰ֻ٣ǿǰҲֻƬ̹򣬵ʣ°ֻİˣҲ뿪ˡ
ǰҲֻʶڶԼ̫ȭʶϣﲻʺϾȻﲻʲôٰȫбϣҲһЩνսοɽûʵԼ֣ǸоСһá
ڻɽУˮҲгֱʩչ͵ϰѸٵǰڵһʡ״̬
һκҵŮ壬ǰӣһκһȥǸµǣһǳһԼȥġ
վںߵˮû̵ȥҧҧóˮ˽ȥᳵ·ĳںףȻ뵽Ǹ׵ŹĿռ䡣


823 £ʵ࣬һ
뵽Ϥĵطһˮʵȫָﲻܻɽѹơһ̧ͷֻ޴Ϲֻ꣬ȻϹ꣬һɽһ㣬һټоһо
ˮе㾪ŵǣԼʵȻ޷ܵϹʵԿ϶һ㣬ϹԼʵǿܶ࡭
ˮϹʱҲÿϹڿ޴пˮĿġ
ˣˣ
ˮԺһɣʵһ
ˮһ֪ϹʶǿʵʲôʵȻԳ
۷ˮ룬ԽԽо󱳷
ô࣬ҲжģǸŵˡ
ɣһٴ
ҲȷһԸ⾡һԡ
ˮϹ껺˵
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Ϲ껺ÿĴţǲɣһˮԺĸо·һЩΡ
ˮҲû˵ʲôϹͷ˽ȥĴٴλĺϣΧûκαһУΨ˱ԼȡߵһŮͼ
ͣһŻߵˮǰ棬ŮӣһοȻ𺳣ˮоӽһŮӡ
Ů˫۱ţٸ߸üͣղʩɫ糯ϼӳѩɽŮգ˯һ
ɫһѩ׵βסߣ絶ǰĻľĶǣأ޳Ľ¶һ˫貨ɢӨĹ󡭡
˫ۣȻɢһ˲µʣˮɿŮˣ䣬һĹ°
վˮǰӡľŮӣԸܵвɢΣϢˮٴ̲סùġ
ſڵϹʵѾɲ⣬ŮӵʵԱϹ껹Ҫǿʱһиʧɾ͵òʧ
뵽Ϲǲɣ񣬹Ѿ˲֪˰ɣ˼νԵ֣һΣοһԾ
Ƭ̣ˮסŮӵһֻ֣ʱһɱϢܿ㱻ˣźȻԷľС
з·һصĿռһȥĺȻʯ󺣣ˮڵĺȻģԲõԲ
ľˮĺȻƿķӡȻѹĶԣĶԡ
һȥˣˮһֻ֣ȻٲϵĽŮӵУһʱŸоط˵㷴Ӧ˵ܸܵһӡʼеɶˡ
Ⲣˮ⣬ȻֻҪ㹻ԻһаȻĺȻȴģҪġ
֪ȥˣˮȵķֺȻѾͬҲڵĶء
оڵĶѵһĺҺƺһЩۺɫĳɷ֣ˮһš
ɫĶһʧ˵ñԣ̼˵ļأ˵巢ܿƵʧˮڿֻŵǣɫĶǴصģҲǴҩ
ͻȻ
Щ˳žˮ壬һʼϲʱȴǷŮ˫һֱӡ
̹ǵӣڱѩһȻ޿ƥУһʥി꺮һ
ڰ׷ڵĲī񶯣׵ĲִϾһ˫κθ޷ƿ
ǰˮоľ˪䣬Ů˱СӹҼҡ
ŮˣΪò𺳣ȴǵֵסǱϢʱŮɿŵ֣ȴǷճһһɲ
⻹ǿֲģֲֽ뵽ԼġˣȻֻܵһ֣ǰԵķڲϵӡ
ȻɲϵĴŮӵ壬ĺˣһܶˮȴͷ󣬻ҡ
㲻Сͽˡ
ŮȻܶеãȻĴƬ̣Ȼˮôûʲô仯
ȻԼ֣ü΢ƺ붯ȴǶˣʱˮĺѾˡ
Ůӿˮ࣬ȻٿץԼ֣ԼϽƺʲôҲƺʲôһı仯
ˮŬƣʶеͼҲӿתٶȣôҲû뵽龰ԵĶȻʧԣжѾҪԼĿơ
ˮֲܿƵҪǼͦʱ͵һҧ⣬һ˿Ѫݵİ֮Σ
ٴιһʱ䣬ˮٴοƲסԼҲڶҡϸǴﵽһּޣҲԡ
룡
ˮѸٵĲԼ̨
Ȼǿ󣬵ǲ㹻ǿĺȻסֵеĶأˮĵĺԣ庮ҷҪǿĺܶ࣬ⲻɵˮ뵽֮塣
ˮ֪Լǲ֮壬о֮Ҳѿڵĺԣˮһᱯı
ˮһһ㱣۵ʱԼһֻŮӼͦ״󡭡
ŮӱĿ⿴ˮ΢üܶ
ϴıĸоȻӿ죬Ŭ볷ƣȴǷ졣
Բɼ
ʱˮεŮ˵
һ·Ҫ궳ĺˮһ飬ǰ龰ʱˣʱŮѾ̹ѾΪһ塭
ǰıǺں˲ĸоԷб岻ͨϴˮ壬һ̹ǵĺˮޱȣжȴǲԼơ
Ůӵ޿ޣһ㣬̫ˣԼǿֱӻẮ
ˮЦţе֪ʲôʱʼת̹ǵĸоӾϵĳȻʴǡ
Ůɱ̹ǣѩϸһ˿ΣһֱȻ
ͻȻˮоһ𣬺Ϥĸо߹Žɾʱĸо
ʱŮϴһɰԵˮоԼʵȻܶ࣬ûü˷ܣµŮȴͻȻһƽɣпѪ׹䵽Զġ
ˮڿЦǰѾܵŮӵʵɲ⣬ָоһͨһɽѹĸо
ɾóϡ
ǵѪʱˮŮѴ룬̤ĺһŮӣҪɱԼϵɱ˿Ρ
ˮóͱǽµֵסҲִС
ˮóŮһü΢ϵֱסˮ޴ѹˮķ֣ԼʵڶԷѹ¾Ȼ޷
ʲôʵ
Ůһˮֱӵ˰գˮоԼĺ·һ˫еסȻڲս


824 ʡΣʵ
ˮڿɬޱȣŮӦ÷ŭ˰ɣǰ岻ܶʴԼҲ޷ƣϡͿľȻķʽ⿪ĺҲԼ
ǰһжӡˮԺŮ˵üһֱţͷβֻ΢ĴϢӴ˲䣬һΣΪٸȻе˺ѵʹ
ʱܶĻһԥɱԼɣԼҪˣǰһŮйһϦ֮ǶԼĲɡ
ȫʲôҲܶһ˫εֽסԼĺ
ˮ˫һûκα鲨ǰˮз΢˷ĴϢ⣬ʼնû˵һ仰һ֡
ʶԽԽģ֪ԼǲǸúھŮˣںܷŭŮ˲Լ˵ĻᣬƺҲмڿڡ
Ӧ֪ԼԼǰҲǳְ취ȥַԼҲǾʹҪҲҪԼ˵仰ɣ̷ǰжٴ͵ġ
ںҪ󱬵ʱŮһӣˮֱӱˤ˳ȥײԶǽϣٴѪ硣
˦ȥˮŮû˱仯תˮվ￴ûٶ࿴һۣһ꺮һȴ޷
ˮھǶԷ˵Ҳ˵һ֣ĺܷŭϲָоŮӵ֪Լ뿪
վˮҲûٿŮһۣڶһûκκøУҲûκȤŹȥ
ŮվȻûκζʼնûٿˮһۣ΢΢һıãȻ
ˮ߳ſڣֽǿűˮϹ꣬ȻͷҲصȥŮ˳һĹϵϹҲһ
ҪĨȥһйǸŮ˵ģǷκһ㶫ټҲİ·ˣԺҪɱŮˣ⽫Ϊˡ
Լȴʱû뵽Ľڳȥ˲·Ϲһ̾Ϣ
һ棬ϵˮֱгŻɽȥȴǶ棬ÿ鶼᲻ˬ
ǰܵ飬תۼ֮ģ磬ˮƽҲ̸ˡ
ûκν飬ʶһƺҲ֣˵ĲҪ̫أԼͲ㱻ĺʲôҲû˽⵽
Ҳ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ˮϵȶҲôˣŮλûɱԼȻǰζ練ƵĽԼɱ
ʲôʵ˵е۴ڣ
Ҳ֪ԼǾԭӶ࣬ҲԼɼûɱԼˮоԲΪԼĵһԭ
ûɱԼҲΪһߵϡ
һֱɵڣˮͣһشһȥֻСһ½أС
ҵһ½û½شҲƽףķΣͿڰף˫չ༸Ҫ½ظǣĻ½ϻǺܿġ
ҲǲһЩ޵Ĵڣᣬһͳޣˮ
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һЩΣյС͵Ķޣ綾ܡߡ桢ȻЩ־綾˵ŲϵȼҲС
ⶫʱµģһմϣһβá
顰½ϡȫʯ棬ͺͺģûһֲʲôˮվģʱ񣬿Χ

һֻľ޴ߴǰȻܳˮ״ϸӴһ޴ϡĻһˮ
ˮţסЩϡ࣬Ȼ̽һһ޴Ļľһ١
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һڿ񱩵ԭĲ౾ǧٿﵽڵǧǴǰǧﵽڵİǧ
֮ջͽնˮ£ֱӴﵽһ򿤵Ĺһǧķ
ȻɱʵɽɵıʵçţɱʵնɵܻɵɵͷϽĳɵĹӡ
һȫʵ
ˮñǽʱ򣬹ԴﵽǧʵǵĹ
²˿·Դﵽǣǻ´ﵽֲʮǵķ
ȻɽçţӵǱȫʵӹӷԼٶȵȣնܻԼϽֻӱ幥
ΣˮǱԼڵʵһԭԼʵǾһ¡
ˮóǽȻ󻺻ɽ֮ջնˮԶתģԲٿС
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çţ

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ˮŴʱгıһֳصĺʵУ·һЩӲʻԼоԼԵֵסκεĹ
ֻͻȻԺٴθǸŮ˵գ̹ǵľգָԼѹˮ
ԼڵʵȻоϲ٣ǰԼûжǲ붯Ƕˡ
ǰһ̲סһʽϽ
ԣ
ǿµ½ضˣϡ࣬Χ·һˮ̤նгĿĵٴǰȥ
뾲վڻϣ˼άڲϵתȻʵӺܶ࣬ϹǿȻûͻƵ졣
ˮܿʵҪʵǿȥǸŮһϣŮӵʵˮ֪ݴ½һŮʵҪ̤۷壬̤۷塣
ʨħţˮоһźŮһʵڣҲ֪ԼЩ֮Ĳࡣ
ϹǿѾѴﵽ۷壬ֻһֱûһͻƵļˮʵﲨܼҡ
ʱܼѣʵȷʵʮֹҸõҺϹǿӳмͻƣ쵽м߼ͻƣˮڴ
᲻ͻƵ۾磿
뵽ˮһ󼤶ûͻƣûһҪͻƵĸоҲ֪һô׵ͻơ
ͻ죬ԼڵʵˣֻܿһЩȻɽľһЩ


825 ߲ɾ
һˮΨһοʵɣ빲ʧ֪ǸȻǸŮӸԼܴѹ̸϶ôĳ裬ҲòϾԼѶԷˣϵõʵӣһʱǳƽ
Լѵģѵģô˵Ҳˣֻȡıеر𣬲ҲɼⱨҲޱȡ
ʱˮڰдŻֱӽɾһȥˮʹˣÿ
ˮĵһоŻֱɾзһȦһףͿﵽ˶ʮ
ˮģԼĿռ䣬Լһ˵ģˣҲܿ϶ɾ߲㾳硣
ǰÿһռСͿǳɱһȴʮɾ߲Ҳһؼ㡣
һξȻʮĳͿڵɾˮޱȣҲǸŮͰɣϾǺ֮Ŵﵽġ
ͿﵽʮˣһǰһҩˮصĵطɾԵرС
ԺҩݿֲˣڵˮأֱﵽףһˮбܼϺзȫɢ
ֻ߹ˮлĳΣһľ޴ˮˮԸܵʱĵĻá
ˮеľŰƺһֵ࣬Ȼ˺ܶ࣬Ϊˮرǰ̫࣬ԭֱҵֱҡ
Զǿþ޴ͩľƺӴ׳ˣɾ㹻󣬷Եþ޴ͩǰСˡ
ٻҲ˲٣ЩǰôһƬҩڿˣ߽˻ᷢƺˣԺҪЩҩݺһЩľ
Щҩˮֲٵµҩݺľ֪ɾˣһЩɣûϸΪһҪȥʯ￴
鶼˷ܣɾ߲ˣϣһܶԼشͻƣһţһ߻ˮرϵʯȥ
ɾıˮرϵʯҲ˲٣ʯ׸ߣ׿ǰһࡣ
ˮվʯǰֱ濴ȥ
ɾ㣬
ЩֵȽܣֱӰĿɨһ㡣
ɾ߲㣬
ˣˣȻǰѾ϶ˣֱǿʱˮƽֻп̤ʵ
ż飬ˮ棬߲ɾĽӦòڴ
꣬һöӣúаٷ֮һļʻջ񣬱ٶȷͻһ磬򹦷а塭
ˮû뵽һǽһλ꣬ȻˮѾһ꣬ⶫٸʮҲ࣬Ϊֻаٷ֮һþǳ°ٿҲܴЧһš
һֱ꣬ӻģ߲Ľ治һź졣
ֶҪֱ컯컯ÿֻܷʳһţֻֻ̼ܶҪĶˣǰٷ֮һϣĻпһ졣
ɾڵһһҩǧ꣬һ
ˮһͷЩǰоûҩݣɾı󷴶ԵˣվʯǰΧҩݣһŷĶһ
֮꣬ƺһ仨仨ˣˮ˷ܣҪ֪ЩɾҲǸոտ˵Ķ䣬ĶʵеʱҪ֮࣬мҪΣ˷˲ʱ䡣
ڵ֮ѾȫʢǽԼʵеİʱ䡭
ᵽ¸ȼ֮Ȼҩ֮࣬ĻҲǷֵȼģһһҪݲһһ䶼Ǳǰһʱһֱһһ֮
ҩݶһҩǧ꣬ͽʡ٣ʵʱ䣬߲Ľʵǿ
йԼЩʲôĲûһ꣬ûб䣬ǧľҲûͱ仯
ˮԶûб仯ʷһʷһֻʷﵽ˰˰ֻ
ҶͻһԭļͻһһͻƵʶͻ
ˮһֱڸܣǿޱȣͽվʵһǧ൫Ҳ١
վı幥ﵽ˰ǧﵽһǧ̤ﵽ˰ǡ
ڵʵǰǧٿû뵽ɾȻôôʷ߼޴ﵽļ۷壬ʵ弶޴ﵽ
ʷһ⣬ǲҲˮΪʼ𣬿ϧûУٶȵӲ١
ˮеѰϺʲôĶһЩаûʲôȼƽҩꡢǧϰʲôûϱ仯ǧꡣ
ǧ֮ʮꡢ߹ǲʮꡢǧ˲ʮꡢǧʮ滨ʮꡭ
ˮǿҪҩݣһ־ʮ꣬ž޴ϣ濴ȥ
ţʮ꣬ǧ»ʮꡢǧѪɺʮꡢǧʮꡢǧĻƾʮꡢɲʮꡢǧϵ̫ʮꡢǧ֥ʮꡭ
ˮܼĿЩ֪Ǹø˻Ǿɥһ֣ȫˣΨһǧϵͨݡ
Ĺһ꣬һöĹĹԻħϣľ΢ĸıʣȹľһľʳ˵йϵеֻܷʳһžͲЧе˻ܶ࣬ʳĹ֮ʱٲܵһꡣ
ϴһ꣬һöϴϴϴ跥ϴڵʣеľõؼѸ١
ö
ˮʯϵĽܣͦģ滹һЩϽûõϵġ
һ꣡ʮöӣݲȣԣ˴󳹴򣬿ͻƵļʡ
ˮһ㶣ⶼУ
ӿǺöҲǻ۹ζСӻߴʹã
ʮζŽǧ֮м𵤣Чδ֪˵ԾŵЧܻǧĽ١
ʮҲʯľѺòϡ
ɾʱʵİٱһ
ڿˣˮĺһɾ߲Ľν൱ˡ
ˮöһöĹһöϴʮӡ
ȻˮرϿˮ̫ˣֱףˮ峺ףһ۾Ϳ˽һ̣߳ͨƣڳζ
еľŰһֵ࣬Χ֮ڵһٶȼӿٷ֮ʮˮ
Űڳˮ룬ΧףֱҲİףȻܽˮȫ֣Ҳһ롣


ʮ ʤݣ


826 ǰ
ŰΧ֮ڵһӿٷ֮ʮٶȣˮе
һ߲ɾһþŰһһӸΧףٶٴμӿٷ֮ʮ
ˮоŰȻ޷ȫǣһЩˮ׵ֲѪɺţݡͷʨӲݵȶھŰ֮ٶȼӿٷ֮ʮѾǿˣȻ޷ɾȡ
еķûʲô仯ˮǾȻָһ꣬ǲһĻᣬ
ˮɾеʱٴһЩֻдʱûб仯Ȼÿʱ
ѾԼɾеļˣ˵Ժӣʵ̫СˣϾ߲ɾôؼһûӣԺƺˡ
ף
ѩʥ
꣡
ˮΪˣٿһȷûпΪһŸսɵĹӣһųıѩʥȷΡ
ѩʥʳһļǰһ磬ʧٿʵֻ۷ʹãûֱ۷ԲΪֹſȻɹ죬ÿѩʥӳҪһǧһꡣ
öǺöϧҪʱ̫ˮɾһ൱꣬ʹҲҪʱ䣬ˮ֮
֮仨ʱΧ׵ķԲڵֲһһɵƷʡ
ԽԼһɵʱ䣬һɲ࣬öõ֮ͻ֣һ겻ʱ䣬ϾѾԲˡ
֮仨ʱԲ׷Բ֮ڵֲӶͶɵƷʡ֮俪ʼÿһͻԼһɵʱ䣬һɵƷҲǱĽԼһɵʱ䣬ΪҩݳƷ֮ҩ
һɾҲǰʱ䣬ٵȵȣֻҪ֣֮ܽԼɵʱ䣬ٶʮ꣬ʵҲǰһʱ䣬ʱѩʥһҪʱ䡣
ˮڴĻ䣬ѪɫһѤĹΣһ֪ѰԽϵĻ俴ԽʵԽ
Ѿ΢΢ſ֮ƣһͻʢˮܿģΧҩƷ⣬ҩã֮⣬ˮһֱĵʮ䣬ΪΪģʮ֮ǿԪġ
֮ӵһൽʮҪǧ꣬ڵٱһҲҪʮ꣬Ѿ䣬ʮ仨ҪǧŰ꣬ʵвʮʱ䡣
ˮԽܣԪѾһʮˣˮҡʹԪĹЧ
ҺԪʮԪˮӵõԪĶʵھݴ½ԪĵҩǺöʹȻޱȡ
Ϊֻܷʳ֮һ䣬ˮһҪΪµʮ䣬ȻٵȳĸףĸԪԶܵȵü
űѩʥǰ뵽ЩҲ˺üţҪҪˣλ˹ȥ
ǸʮµĺӳõģǱܵģÿֻܳһţһɵǱܣԺУٶȶӰٷ֮ʮ
ѶԹ̫СʺϣѾ׺¡ʦװŮˣҪʱ䲻Ǻܳһ϶һţŮ¾Լزȥһ˺ӵķʱ䡣
һƬֲԾϸгϸһɫ
ûʲô仯һ꣬ˣɾʱˣһҲӦջˡ
ˮվһƬǰһɫࡢȡơ̡仨ɣÿһ仨һɵĹλƣޱȣһ߰ߣûмǰˮôҲû뵽ҩݣʮһرΨ档
ʱ䣬ˮʵҪϤҪΡǧնǧ
ҩʵҪһʱϤģɾʱߣˮɾһﵽʮ졣ÿʱʵʱ䣬ٱŰٸʱÿʮʱպʮ졣
ɾˮоʱ֣ܳÿһ춼൱ʮˮԺϱҪĳʱ䲻ˣЩģ̽˽½߽ӴһЩˣϣܶԼа
һɾʱ֮һǰʮ죬ʱһУȻһ죬ɾѾ¹ȥˣٳʱѾˮеһУһɾгȻŶȥ
Ҫ뿪ݣǰݻ߶ʤݣȥѰǧϵͨݣˮоĶʤӦҵ
ݸˮоǧͨݾôҵġֻһܱǰãǧͨݣҲԼұĶ棬ڳɹɹˡ
У
żŶȥ⴦Ҳʮңһиպõ⣬ʱʱչҲʹˣԱֱʹãϣܴƬ
ÿɾʱʱˮܻһʱ䵽һһʱʱȥһʱ⣬ʲôʱͽȥ
ˮѾȥˣ֪ԼȥˣŲʱ䣬ԾǻȥҪ뿪
뿪ˣϴӦԼصҵĻԼҪȥһǰݡ
һ·ϸ·ӿȴжżԺлˮŮӵӣԼǰһ龰ʲôϣϵĸоˣϲָо
ȻߣǺǸŮӣǺԼûʵԼʵ㹻ͲֱƣŮԼҲ御ˣȻԼǾԼľǱɱҲȻԼĳǾŮ¡
ˮʱͷҲص뿪ʱ뾡뿪ΪŮ˲ϹϵŮΪʲô뷨
ŭŮһˡ
зŭΪǰı΢ŭǸԼһص𡭡
ʮȥˣ
ĵطǻߣǧĻ֮أʮʱ任ɾʱ䣬ʱ䡣
еȫգͻȴûУˮľ磬ֻҪʱͻƵģҪǻ˾ǸǧҲͻƣһ;ޱȡ
𼶱ߣ˵ֻǵָ䣬ϾǧԪֻǺ̵ܶʱ䡣
վӵһǧʵˮҲ˵õٿʵҲõһѾңңˣһµʱһЩ⻹ǳ١
һֱΪԼѾʱǸȦӵˮڲ֪ԼԶհ޵̨ң̨ҵˮ뵽̨诣ȻʵûˮŮǿԼڵʵӦñ̨Ҳǲ磬һοûм


827 ð֮ǣ޳ǣʯ
ݣ
Ѿˮ̤ݵĵˣûȥǧңҲûȥңۼҺͶľҲûȥ
ڵˮǷɣ֤ÿɾ󣬰ʱݹ䣬ҲȱǮ
ϴǰҲֻǼʶݵıɽһǣˮѾ߹ǣÿһǴһ죬һֱߵǰ
һݵʱˮ˵Ҫʱ䲻࣬󲿷ʱˮɽˮһȹ
Ǿݴ½ĵش䷱޿ģǳˮŽʿװȺĲϵĴ
⼸ˮԴеʵٸƺһֱƴ⼸رƽоʵܶࡣ
ǰˮȻһũӵܣǼͥԣҲһЩũҲ˴ѧҲû
һھݴ½ǴûֹͣûУ·һֱڱһһֱûͣһЩǼͦͦ˹
һʤ߼
£Ի£
һˮŵҲţһϵ˵⣬ʵǻ£ɱߣɱ֮ҲõƱ
˽ģһ㲻Ըȥմ鷳Աƻ˵ԱʵǷֲġ
磬åŹһ̫̫һ׵Сʱ򿴵ǸҲͬģǼûԣ߿ϡС֣ںĶ촩ŵĵ֣߿һмˡһм˶ͬģ˵Աơ
ʱ˽£˶аһ棬ԱɫԱ̰
лˣȻҲûкˣǾʵģľʾڴǧ治УȻھڵɡ
ˮһ£µܺãӦҲһ֣빮Ϊ뿴ǲԼĹȻɽǿǲǿԴеõ
ð֮ǣ
޳ǣ
һΪð֮ǵĳǳأ޳ǣˮº޳ǣݴ½һЩص֯
ǲɺ֮УȻеҲһЩҺڲݣϾ绹ɺҵ¡
Щ֯ˡð߹ᡢеһЩڣʵҲǲСˣǼ̼ʲôϣȻǼݣңϡ
оһͳ۳һһЩϡ󡢹صĶ͵ÿ춼һÿһ֣жгȡһѡ
ḻռʱ˺ͣȻȡһѣʣµҲԼǿ
ȻҲֱӳ۸УǮһҪϲ٣һЩصĶжԼȸ㼸ȻЧرá
ǸرӯĴڣܿе˶һˣһ㶼Ŵ򳡣һ㲻ԾӣȻҲ⡣
ð߹һЩð߼֯ϲðգǵĻǹᣬκ˶ȥ﷢񣬱ҪǣʵĻǣһȥ򣬹²ʣʵģǾͻȥðչ֧һѺȻ󷢲񣬷һޣûɵĻԶȡɺҲԶȡ
ʱ򷢲ǰȥûػǺ֧ǮûѺ˹ûȥѺͻᱻðߡ
СðߣǸǶð߹ᣬ½߳һ㶼ǰȥð߹ΪһðߣĸطðߣֻҪð֤ͿԽһð߽ӹͲ˽ˡ
ҪһЩʵĻǣһð߾Ϳɣð߶ӣԲɡ
ҲЩǿԶ˽ӣע˭ɾ֧˭꣬ûб꣬ҪǰעԷǰῼǡ
оð߻ռðߵĶȻ򷢲ֱӳۡ
ð߷ֵȼɵԽѣðߵĵȼԽߣðߵĵȼߺôܶ࣬ȥð߹ȡнˮʵǲȱǮģðߵȼԽ˵ʵԽǿ󣬶ЩѶȺܴ󣬶ԷҪ󣬱øߵȼð߽ӣѰð߲ýӡ
ðߵȼףһͼð˸߼񣬿Իɺƥðߵȼ֤
ðߵȼ֤ʵܼ򵥣ʵҹðߡðߡðߡðߡ
ðһͺˣֻҪﵽͲȱʵߣЩùҩȥиߣϾﶼҫ۵Ĵڡ
Ȼð߹ҲһЩǿߺһЩڲðߣЩ˿˵ð߹֧š
ȥϲɽɱʯܵˣʮʵϵ
Զһк
ȥɽѰҰǲ˭ҵ֣ʵϵ

ȷе˵ˮһǰð߹ᣬҲûðߵȼ֤Կˣκһð߹ᶼʵԣҲ֤ðߵȼİ취
һ߽ðߴˮо棬ܹڰ֮࣬һľ޴ʯ
һȦʯ̨ߣһЩͳһεˣŮģŶӡ
ˮÿ̨ǻƣͼ촦м촦߼촦ƷչÿӶкü飬Ͼ̫ˡ
ðߵȼ֤
ˮһﲢûʲôˣֺֻЦ˹ȥںһͰˡ
ãðߵȼ֤
ֵˮǰ˵
棬Ϊ
΢Цָָ棬иͨʯ̨ҲǶϿģԾ
ˮЦŵͷ˽ȥһӹͥԺһΧǷ䣬޴ԺһʩӦоУȻӴرߡ
ʲôġ
ˮ뵽ûһᣬһ߹ʵ
Ұðߵȼ֤
롣
ˮ̣˵ҲǸðߣһȲ߽һ䣬ҲһֻҪСϺܶࡣ
ʱе˺ܶ࣬еһЩˣˮһһеһðߣӦðߵȼ֤ġ
ʦλðߵȼ֤
ǰһ߹˵
ã
Ӧһ̹뿪
ˮߣһۣʣѩףͷף΢Цŵģر׺
Сӣߡ
Цʾˮ
ˮЦŵͷһ޴ĺɫʯͷȥ
ʯͷ׸ߣ׿һԲΣһЩֱĺۼбӡӡµĺۼܵ
ǺʯӲޱȣҪʯԶָĹܣʯǶĺòϣˮôһĺʯƷʲ̫ãʵ൱ģڲʵĻ϶úʯ
СӣóǱֻ߱Ҫһ۾ͿԳΪһðˡ
ЦָָʯһԱϵı˵


828 ƶð߹ᣬǰϿɽ
һߵһŸָıǹᡢӡذסӡһЩȭסצҲӦоС
ʯȼˮ֪ģһ۾˵ѾǺ۷ߣһĺۼĻߣ۷ʳ߿һ۷߿߾˵ԶϿ׸ߵĺʯ
ˮЩûȥģϺʯһֱûȥһ̵
𣿡
ˮ΢Цſ˵
ˮΣһƬɫһӡȻ߳ʵﵽı׼߿Կ϶ûʹȫɵ߿ģ۷ҲôףҪ߸оһ
ıȻãʵģʺϲʹãûʹãҲ߸оԷԭ򣬲ʹȫðߵɣҲ˵ʲôЦŵͷȻˮȥ
ð֤
ȻԷʹȫʵǾǲ뱩¶Լʵ߸ˮð֤켶ġ
Сӣû뷨ƶð߹᣿
Ϊˮɵʵ
ߵĻˮ뵽½ΣÿǶð߹ᣬЩᲢûһܲΪ̫ˣû˭֯һǵĻпܺŽᣬͬð߹ᡣ
ð߹֮ľҲǺܼҵģһһ֮Ҳð߹ᣬһһ߾һߺҪ£һЩѴ֣ûʵð߹ױ˼塣
ʱûһð߹Ļһƶð߹ᡣ
ˮЦ˵
ˮܿ϶ΪûҪð߹֯ܿ϶Ȼˮ׼뿪ˮ뿪
һţˮ۽ͻȻɨһӰպýԶһ¥ˮоǵӰеϤֻһ͹ȥˣҲûж롣
ǸŮ˵Ӱ
޳ôԼʶˣҲͲٵ£ЦЦȥ»ص
ȻңǽӵѰҰֵĽкڲԶżûнкһӣдż֡
һȥϿɽ
Ļˮһ֪Ͽɽʲôط֪ҲһȤ޳ΧǾеԶֻһǻԭȴȫģ涼ΣյĴڡ
޳ǵı棬Ǿ޴ĻϿɽɽɼ˵ХյأرǻϿɽڲ
˵Х־Ϊ⻢Ͽɽ޳ǱߵĻϿɽܴмޡϣһûʵǲҽȥġ
ԽΣԽԻźܶҪǮҪǰȥϿɽޡĵرҩݱط˺ö౶Ϊÿ춼в˽ȥҲкܶʧ٣ȻҲᴫ˭˭һҹ˭˭õĵرʵ
ˮҪҩݣرǧϵͨݣݺֻҪпֵܳĵطҪȥ
Ǳ߼ǰȥϿɽز죬Ծͱһǰ
ˮһŶȥһߴˣӺŮӣһˣʣʮͣòףŮҲǲʮͣһʿ㷢һסһ˫۾رֱͦı΢΢Ǹһֲĸо뵽ˣƯԸһŮ͹£ߺһеһƴ
ߵһŮӺͬһǳɫİȹһͷںڳ£ٷֿûһرͻģһȴһѵõŮϢľˮǰǸŮв硣
֪ҿȥ𣿡
ˮ߹ȥЦ
ˮ֪ԷȥϿɽʲôҲûرʵĳ嶯ֻһ뻢Ͽɽĳ嶯ûʲôرĿԡ
ʵˮ߹Ѿע⵽ˣˮ˵껰Ǽ˶һ㶣ΪȻȥϿɽʲôȻǲǺʣȻʶԷԼɲȥ
ӴƬ̣ˮһᣬƺԥʲô
壬СֵҸоͦõģҪһɡ
ʿŮЦ˵
Ů˵껰ǺĿˮȻٿŮӣǰкü˶ܾˣһʮߣʲôʵʣѵǿԷĺÿ
ȻѾͷ˵ˣ߰ɡ
ӺǺЦ
ˮһû뵽ôɴ࣬ȻҲԼҪȥϿɽʲôҲԼʵԼΪԼԸܵǵĴʵԼʵǸӦ۷塣
Сֵܣҽա
һͣ˵
˵ָָǰ˵ʿŮӣƣǧĭǸٻʦһֵܣ޺ơܴܵ޵
Ǻãҽˮ
ˮЦŴк
յǿʵҲǿȻǳʵʱ䲻ˣʱ߾ֻ⼸еģһһǸʿƣҲߡ
ļҲʼ𣬶弶¡
ˮֵܣ֪ʲôʵ͸¶𣿡
˵Ƕֵܵĸ޺ơ
ˮóð֤ðߡ
ԭ߰һҪȥϿɽ΢һĵط̽˳˼ɼҩݺɱ޵񣬻Ͽɽ߽ȥǺΣյġ
ܴܵ޵ЦЦһɲм
ǺǣллģʵսǿԵģҰҲ˵Ĺȥ
ֵܵˮûκθо˾ֻQĺӡ
˴޺ƴ޵·ɡ
ƴϻҪ˵Ĵֵܡ
˵ͷȥ˶ųȥ
ߵ棬гԼޣһֻ۷ӥСʮףҲгһֻݣ˫ͷǣʵʰ˼
պʹֵϵ˫ͷϣˮڵմԼȥʱȴǿˣˣͲҪȥˣɡ
ˮ˵ǺǼɣֻ̧ͷֵеԹޣлһֱӱϵӥϡ
ˮһֻǧĭΪˮʵصԭԱԷȥ߲ܷС
ԳƽŮˣˮʵҲͦģôѾݼ˲٣Ҳͽſ
Ů˸ˮо򵥣ᣬ˵䶼ǲ۾жϵġ
ǶǾһðյ𣿡
ˮվӥЦ
ߺķ˵ȷʵú
Ҳ⼸ʶģֵ·̱ȽϤҲʣһЩʱ䡣
ƿˮЦ
ֵƺϲǡ
ˮЦ˵Ȼơ


829 ֵƣֵ
ˮ˵仰ҲûʲôĿģ˵˵ˣˮȻʵȥͲôԼԼҪһβһƣԸⳢһ¡
Ŷô֪ϲҡ
ƵǺܴ󷽵ЦȻζĿˮ
ǰʱǶֵܺ޲ɱңһֱ͵͵Ŀ㣬޲ó㡣
ˮǺԶĻϿɽȺЦ
ΪʲôЩҲϲң
ƺǺЦһ۾͸оֵˡ
о䣬ᣬ˫۾ȴűȸ廹ҪɣζܿȴǺ˱Ϣһ˵
ֱ˾ԲǸߣȻоˮʵֻ죬ϸֱһζһ˲档
ϲˡ
Ůӵĵ٩ˮЦȻǸ۲۵ŮжһμʱϲϲԼġŮûȤʵˮҲ֪ԷǴȤԼǸое
֪ˮ뷨Ļһ衣
ϲŮһƯɣ
΢Ц˵
ǧĭһ΢Цſƺˮ˵һֱûв廰һԿǡ
ţƯ
ˮǺЦ
Ư𣿡
Цżʵ
Ư
ˮ΢Ц˵
ߣŮ˺СģŲڰȥ
Ȼ˵ǿĵ˵
ţ
ϣˣˣ֪޳Ů˭𣿡
ˮЦЦܻˮоеζ
֪Ҳ֪
ȻӲȴǺܺ˵
Ů˺֣ԽǲʣȴԽ˵ĻһҪ˵ɵĻԼ˵׼
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ڴʱгһȺ𣚣Ŵ̶ļڿŲȥһ˳ŷ㿪뷨ΪӰ
óٶȣܿԽԽֵܵɫҲԽԽѿƺյûʲô仯
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˵ɽʱȺҲ˰֮ڣǱڵƻҪǿ󣬾޴ȳϢ˼ʣ͵۾ſ첻ϵĵҺ
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һֻޣף紩ɫһӲޱȣȳƣӦöѸݡ
һֻǽҲףֻֻһײڵһ㣬ŷݺצӣٶҲѸ͵ģʵȻ۷弶
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ˮɫҲһۣ͹µɨһ۰һӹȥС椾͵űɡ
óһϸĳĽϸһһ֦һóһԾ޴ĴӣÿֻӶڰ˰ٽҡ
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ͻȻһֻǧĭȥǽýӰޱȣһľ磬һԾ׶ߣ֫΢ţʱһֱֱӽеĴ־ʱ򽣻һ˹ȥǿӵſµٶȣֱӲס־ǵܿ˿ˣ־ǱƶҲˣҲˣͭͷβ
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ƵϸֻʺλãÿһζһֻҪչˮǧĭԽЧʡ
˵սȦĺСֻƾƺվȫסϾߺʼ۷弶֮Ҳǲ޴ֻȺѡ
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ˮƺգҲûʲô仯֪ǶԴֵܵӡΣҲΪõţ϶ԷʵҲУԲŻɡ
ˮҪҩҪۻ񣬻ԼҪҩ
û£ˮЦ
ҩõġ
ˮûıҪֱЦŻص
ҩʦ
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ˮ˵
Ҫʲôҩݣ˵˵׼ܰﵽ㣬ҰﲻĻҲȥƶУˣΪʲôȥƶз񡣡
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ˮЦ˵
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Ҳߵʲôҩݣֻǰߵǧ⼸־Ѿˡ
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ˮЦ
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ȻֵˮҲ˺ֻǰȣ㿪ʼһԹȻ⣬ɫζˮĺȻȴǷͬһ㣬ֱӻһ˿
ֵҲԣʱ򿴵˶ʼԺƺһȻֵܶҲʼʹá
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ģԼеġֱӱԶתĺȻ͵ſֵҪʲôˡ
ֹһʱ䣬ǧĭҪȥϴ֣ɽвԶһСֻǵһʱֻûһͷˣֱſڵϡ
ôûһ
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ʲôܸʲôƶð߹Ҫͻð߹ˣð߹ĹӿСǧСˡ޺ƤЦⲻЦ˵
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ٺ٣µҲ¸㣬ǻð߹ģΪ˽ֵܶҲ˺óʱˣǾߣֵֻܶˣΪǲΪͣǾ衣ֵܵ˵
Ųɱ㡣մĺ
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ô԰ڣˮҡҡͷվһ˦һźֱӼʮףһǶԸʵ͵ģټˮʵ
ۣ
涼ֹˣеһֱϡãǶȥԱߵһȴ˲ήԺܲǸ⡣
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ء
ûκֱӱ˵ľɱ
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ʣµļ۷壬Ҳֻ⣬ֻûһһغϵģʺⲻԽĺ蹵
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Ҫˣƶһܾĥģһð߹᲻֪ܲҵŭйƶð߹ϡԪ쿴ƴ˵֪һԥ
壬ô죿ƶ˽ҪΪܿ࣬ƶð߹˶ܵǣͣͷա
ҲԥˣΪԪ˵ĻҲſڿӣڻð߹ỹǺеλģɱǲɱһʱԶᡣ
ҲԥˣѹֵѪͻȻԶЦſˮ˼һ
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ֻ޴̺ҰͷһֻһŮӣֻߣֻǴ˿ˮֻһ۾ʹסˡ
ǰƶð߹ῴϤӰŮӣˮȵĲٴ￴ƶð߹ֵϤӰǾʶŮˡ
ΪǸƳϣ
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վ̺㱳ϣ͵˷˷ȴ˿ӷףһ͸Ůӡ
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ƶ˽㣬ͲΪƶð߹Լǰ;Լǰ;ҲˣҲҲı䡣ߵƶǰ˵
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Ѿͷ㿴Ȼˡһɫ۵߿ˮɱ˺˵
ƶǿȻûд·ɨһۺһֱûٿӲͷƤȥȻѾ뵽Ǿޱȡ
ӹлˬǻð߹ǿߣͷֻ˺ɫ޶ȣҲһǿߣ֪˭ɱġ
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ߵĻϽˮ
ˮһֱںվţ֪һŮˣһμ˵ûдƭ˵ģ֪һʲô̬ȥ
Ҳ˵Եּɣ
ˮ𣿡
еɳƵȴǷǳˮУԼ棬̧ͷһе㻶ϲľޡ
̹һһˮо֮ûʲôˣʹҲ·ˣοϵļʼ΢΢
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ƶ˴ʱĺܲƽǰΣպ󱻷Ҿ£˷ҵĳϣ޸޼ɣֻһεľˮ˽
һ赵ŮˣοصŮˣҲֵðգҲûٶʲô뷨
ֻԺоǵϤӰһ컵龰Ʋסȥ䣬֪һѾûнĻᣬݣԼݡ
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ƶ˽㣬ʶ
һֵƾˡ
ʱʶһѣλ壬Ԫ첻
ƶüȻ˵
ģϷɨĸɸɾ
ǰǸ峤ϺǺЦѾɫҰ׵ĻԪȥ
ƶС㣬ã
ˮ΢ЦŴк
Ѿ뿪ˣô࣬ЩķչǲܿƵģҪԼ̬ƽҪǡ費ͥǰ䣻ȥ⣬ƾ桱ľŬ
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ƶȻһŵįЦ˵
ˮˣȻҲ֪òãϾƶð߹һж֪ˣ֪ܶ࣬ƶð߹һסӵ˲ˣҪͻð߹ʹҲŤת档
ԼʱԼ칬µֻһ΢е칬ӣ뿪Ȼ֪칬ʲô״ˡ
ţ칬ĻУû뵽ݵġ
ˮЦһʴ˵
ȥȥ͵ݣΣձ˾Ҫ뿪Ƿ˵ģ뿪ˣأʲôܲܰﵽ㡣
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һĿһȻ˵ĲĺʹˮĹӲҲݣ飬ƶ˵һҹ࣬Ӵİ·ڱһǸоۡ
ҲΪʲô򻨴йƬҶմָˡ
Ѱһҩݣ˳ɣǻð߹ģǲʲô鷳
ˮָָѾɾһ˵
û£Һͻð߹׵ӣʱпȱơ
ƶҡҡͷЦ
ˮ֪Ϊƶð߹ŻԼôΪԼˣ֪ۣΪоԼҲˡ
ΪˣԲŸо˺ɵܸо˲ȡԼҸ̫ܵ࣬Ųֽš
ÿ׷Ĳһ˰鿴ļأԼҲԼ˺ܵ˺
㲻ġ
ˮƽ˵
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ˮ΢Цŵ˵һֱǿŮˡ
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ˮ΢Ц˵
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ˮЦЦ˵ã

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վˮЦʵ
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ǲˡ
ˮЦ
ߣƶ˽ôƯôǲ壬˵ƶ˽ʲôϵûôеĺһӴġ
Ƽʵ
ˮоŮǲСֻǴŮ˾ԲϲʻŮӣȻˡ


833 񻯣ƶ
ѹϵ
ˮЦ˵
ߣش𲻺ã壬ϲϲƶ˽㣿
Ӵ貵Ĺâˮ
СӲҪЩ֮⡣
ˮӥ˵
ƣ
ڶƶð߹ᣬһΪðģڶƶð߹Ŀġ
ð߹ȫûйŵʱ򣬼˴һ߽ð߹ᣬһȥǰǸϤĴԺӣ̨ͤ¥󡢼ɽˮء
ƶ˴ͷûͣһƶð߹뿪ˣպǧĭҲ뿪ˡ
ֻ뿪ʱƺܲԸ
壬ǵʱһðհ
뿪ʱ򻹲ˮ˵
ˮӻִӦˮ֪Լ˶ʱ䣬ʱ뿪ˣȻҲͲúȥðˡ
ˮһݣû뵽ȻھͺһׯԺȥ֪ŮԶð߹Ĵ졣
ð߹ĵҶԴƺġ
ˮоƶð߹ôƶ˵ֶڿ׼õġ
ƶ˺ˮԺ䱱ͨξаٶף˲ţٶȲ졣
ƶð߹Ĵ죬ӵð߹ô죿
ˮЦʵ
ｫҸ
ƶ˵
ð߹೤ʱˡ
ˮܺģ֪ǲ֮Ÿĵ֡
Ǻǣ˵ͦЦģһүү˵˵ҽٻ󣬸ǻð߹ʣԺԥҳĵͰð߹ָˣҵҲǵģƶˣȡǸ֮⣬˼Ҹһ߾ͳҲ˼Ҳû뵽ֵ˻
ƶ˵Ļƽ¶ȻûᵫһִﵽµѾᷢй龰
ƶ˵ĻˮȴһүүϧˣȻһҪһֳƶð߹ˣΪʲôԿŮܴ󸻴
ǰˮоЩڵҲܸ˿࣬˵ĹʺãֻҪ΢е˲̫ѣȻҪȴ󲿷˵Ĺ棬ʳˡ
죬һЩ񲻵ʺøиӣһǺ׳ͷصģȻ¶ǾԵģŲĴڣһ㡣
ȳƣʺõˣһ㳤еĿ㣬ŮòСЩڵʱǿҪãرŮˡ
Ů˵տǣԻ񣬿Ե߸һټļɣɼŮ˵òʡµԿ
ԸŮӿһ㣬ˮҲᣬϧϲôţ֪ƶ˵үү׼ˡ
Ϊƶ˵һԼٸһĻٻҲѣֻҪƶð߹ǿʲôҲˡ
ƶð߹Ტûǿߣˮһƶð߹֪ƾֱϢѾ֪һЩԭ
ð߹ǿģǲϵսƶð߹ǿ߷ɢ߱ƵԲŻᱻƵ޻֮
ƶð߹ͻð߹ʵô𣿡
ˮ߱ʵ
ʵãһŮˣүүǼҪҽƶð߹ᣬЩԹԣүүڲˣð߹һ߱һ׳֦ڵƶð߹ڻð߹ῴһˡ
ƶԳЦЦ˵
ȣһƬׯ԰฾溢ӣһЩߣе壬еҲеڻȭ
ܰһŵׯ԰ﶼסƶð߹ĺԱļˣŴߵһֱͷ
һۿĵطܸɾеζҲܺţСţﶼƶ˴к
ã
̺ã
𣿡

СӵҲǺӵģˮЦĿŲ˵ƶЦźǴкʱҲǵСԴ
ˮ֪ð߹һЩ˺˱ͷģһŮΡ
Թźնౡİɣ
ûжԶߵһͥԺͥԺſһС͵ļɽɽǸСˮأˮһţˮãˮرһͤɫͤ
һһƬС֣СֲԶһ˫С¥Ȼһѵһ¥
ʱ¥ˣһɣݵˣһ̴ῡӣʮ£һ۾͸оһѹ֣ǶǺѹ֡
硢硢СǶڰ
ƶЦŴк
СãҪ޸ð߹컢ˣôͱһ𡣡
Ǽеƫһֵ˵
磬ѡ
ƶһ˿ʹ˵
Ңô˵
Ǹŵ̳ȵ
˶׽£Ǻѵġ
Ů΢Цƶ˵ִ˵һ˿ʹ࣬ôһŮȼкҪ࣬ȴҪʹ࣬Ϊĸױʹࡣ
ˮһܺõѡ
ƶЦ˵
Ǻã
ˮЦŴкǰƶ˽һܺõʱ֪ʲôܡ
СӲߣǽȥ˶ˣҳ
ſݵȵˮ˵
ôᣬǾʹˡ
ˮһƼ߽
Ѿͷˣ㲻ܼ޹ȥˡ
ݺԷʱͻȻ˵
ˮ֪Ļһס
ò޹ȥð߹ɱǵġ
Ң˵
ˣѵΪ˻ȥ޸Ǹһͷӡ
˰еĿֱӴϡ
ҢҲҿ
㲻Ҫ˶ޣҲίŮ
˸Ͻ˵
ŮԸģǲҪѹð߹ᴫȥҪġ
ƶ΢Ц˵
Сã͵һίðպ͹᲻ҪҲա
һֱû˵˵
ǰܵʱѾ֪⼸ˣſݵ˽ҢǰƳأȻƶ˵ֵͨ
ǰ㣬Ҳ֧޹ȥһ̧ͷˡ
ͨҧ촽˵
ʱ߽һˣһߣԥһº˵ð߹ˡ
üë𣺡ʲô
˵ҪСȥ
Ҳü˵
ȥ
ԣ̬ǿӲǻġ

Ң
ƶҲһͻȻǰҪԼȥӦ֪ԪǱԼɱġ
һҵĸо֪ˣѵԼͼ˻ƶð߹Ҫ
үүڵʱүү˼ڵʱǻð߹Ҳǰ
үүˣڵƶð߹һ㣬Ϊ
壬Ϲȥ
ƶǸЦ
뿪ˣĬˡ
ǻĸ磬ǻð߹ĸ磬ǴϣλҪʵģȻǼֱϵԱҲɼλõҪ


834 ƶ֮ģð߹
ƶ˴Ƭվȥ
˵Ļᣬ֪ǿڻð߹ҲŵϺŵģǴ컢ҲĶ֣Ҫ򵥵飬ֻǸգֻϲλòŻ䵽ϡ
Ȼϲ鷳ȴϲսر𻤶̣޳û˲֪Ϊ˺ʹԭ޳ܼһŵӴ˻ð߹Ļӣֱӽܼ
޳ֵ÷зð߹ǿû˸˵ʲôοܼѾʧˣҲû
Ǽû˻ȥǻð߹ᣬҲûð߹ĳԱӵԽᣬΪֻǸŭԣǲҶ֣аŮڻð߹˵Ǽҳ㷹
˶ż뻢ð߹ᣬһõı޳ǾΧǳҲð߹Ἰֱ档
ȥû㡣
ſݵε̾
Ҫ˵Ůĸ׺ܿģҺҸ
ƶ˿ĵ˵
ƶ֪һԼһȥģҲûȰ裬Ȼ󿴿ˮҪӽǷˣͨˮ뿪
㣬Ҫһȥ
ͨȭͷ֪һ鲻ô򵥵ġ
Ҵ뿪ɡ
Ңʱվ˵
ҲΣӳȥûٻԶٻ
ŵ̾ҲǣҲ¶һĨƶһ£ˮϴһʵһֱ㣬һҴһȴǲ֪ΪʲôҵۣЩҲ᲻ʱ㣬ҲʲôϣúõģԶѡ
ҲʱŷԼźܶźΨһҵͷˮ
֪һԼһһŵһЩԼ֣˵һЩԼﻰ
ֱһˮԺûнӴκӣŮǲǵһйϵˣֻ˵ѡ
֪˵ҲԶûлˣ˵֪Լ⣬֪ԼŮˡ
Ļˮһû뵽ǿŮʱȻôһ档
ˮҴһ߰ɣԶҪ޳ǡ
ƶվˮǰ˵
ƺ֣ջû
˵ð߹Ҹƽǵүү˵󸻴ð߹ҲΪǿˣΪòá
ˮЦ
ˮ֪ңȻҲǿ򲻹ð߹ģҴ뿪ˡ
ƶе㼤˵úܿ졣
ˮĻ˵ůůģԭҲᣬϧĿˮϲǴһŮ˿˵ܿģҪһҹϮԼܸܶİ
Ҳǵԣƶ˸ˮԿð߹ᣬ˲ͬȻҲţһϣ
ˮ㣬뿪ˣСˡ
ҢĶˮ
㲻磬ҿ뿪Լʵߵģû㡣
ˮƽ˵
ʲôȻƼָֻš
Ң˵ģ߳ŭˮ
㲻ƶ˵Ĵ˵㶼˷ѿˮһԼΪ˲ˣֻһҷϣҪŭ㲻䣬һ϶㲻ϡ
ˮͻȻֱѹȥ
Ңˮǿѹֱһƨڵϣ˲䱻ˮʪ͸һ仰Ҳ˵
ʱ洫оͲҽƶʲôҲ˵ֱȥˮƼҵҲųȥ
Ǵƶð߹ǱߴģǴˣð߹ŭˣˮ΢ЦŸƶˣƼҲǸų
̫
ûߵһȵ
Ǽƥ֮ƶð߹һëѾͷҪ𣬸·ȴҪ˵һ䣬ȫҡ
һͬϵȴǼԵ
ү֮ϹͷҲǴС㡣
һ
޴һð߹᲻ٻ󣬶ǵļ˺ǰ;㿴Ƽһд˵ģһð߹ûгԿ
ٴ
磬ڻð߹ĺǰ;ɣֵܡ
ס죬뿪ƶð߹ʱǾѾֵˣһûĵµѾˡ
ߴˮʹο뿪Ǵģÿ˶Լ׷󣬺αִء
ӣǰ뿪Ҳ˵㣬үӲˣڸԻð߹ıȣʱ뿪İãȴתͶ뻢ð߹Ըƶð߹ᣬ˵£һ컢ð߹ٽƶð߹ǲҲͶ˶Ըð߹ᡣ
һ˵Ǹٴ˵ӵԶӲӵ
üͷţ㲻䣬Ȼ㲻ʶ̧٣ҲͲٿˣԼ
ɣҲôݡ
ʱˮѾߵ˲ԶˣһƬ棬ͬʱҲߵˣеŵһЩˣеѾˣΧܶˣð߻һЩϲֵġ
رĿǵһ쳣ߣа˳ߣվԱߵ˸һأһɫսף׵ͷӲʵգȻǸߵȴһֱ˸ǿ
ʮˣһЩ֮˺ˣͷߵˮ֪Ӧþǻ
ǲ¶ʮˣҲһЩߺˣûܺͶ࿹ˣ˶ȴȻ·硣
ס֣
ƶ˵ĺסҪֵĿߡ
үүүү
ƶĺһЩ˵ļᣬж
ˣĺӡ
̾Ϣһ
ˣΪʲôҪɱǡ
ƶŻ˵ߡ
Ϊʲôɱˣ㲻һҪɱҪ㿴ȥ顣
Ŀ絶Ķƶˣǿѹȥ
ƶʵôܳסһɫףǾǿĳţɽѹ󺣷ϵһҶСۣʱᱻû
ʱˮǰһվƶǰʱСҵܷһ˲ƽ˾ǰӰߴ󣬵ȴͦޱȣһ̺ƽ
ˮվ΢ЦԶĻð߹ôţѵ±˰ϻݸ𣿡
˭˵ôĵӡ
߰Χ˶ֻ죬ǼӴѹˮȥ
ҪˮһëûгȫСҲҺа塣
ԼѹƺʯһԷСûһ㷴Ӧܲѹһɻʱˮѹȴǿһ͵˹ȥ
ͻɽƲɵ


835 ɱ¹ײ
㲻֮£ˮѹֱӱƵ˳һһʧɫоǸоʧӡ
ֻʵ
ԣ
˫Ϊ껹ߵʵȴǽԼһǰԼҲԲ߿Ʊ˵ġ
ߣԼֻƾѹĽԷ·Լѹ
Ҳޱȡ
оˮָˣô᲻ܣǾԺӱ˵ѹһľ񹦷
ݴ½һǿˣǿйһ־Ĺ
йľˮĹһ֣ˮĻֹ֣;ǿйϵһ㶼ȥҩʦʦѱʦΪࡣ
һ־ǡʦ˵ľҪйҩʦʦѱʦ˸ӿ̣ǲҩѱޣֻɱˡ
ʦɱ˲ѪõƾԼǿľͨصľ񹥻ֱӹ˵Ĵԡ꣬ɱ֮䡣
Щ˺ܿ£һǿ˾ûа취ˣһ㶼ػȻɱ˺ǿ󣬵ǱɱҲס
ҪΪһǿġʦΪһǿ߼ʮΪʦҪϸ񣬾ĹҲȱÿһֶޱȣ˶Ǿǿ֮ˣûо񹥻ĹԴΪʦĻᡣ
ǡ塱͡ȻҲǿӣЩǻģͬ߾ܴ
ǲˮͼͺȻ
ȻǿǿԼľΪȴǲܽԼľʩչй
ϹǿˮΪʵҪ֮ˡϽսӳǿƻ
񹥻ҲһˮĺȻͼ൱Ϲǿˮֻйһ֣㾫񹥻ġ
ߵˮ񹥻ˣҲе㵣ģϾЩ˿ܴȴǿԿԺ׵ĽĿɱǿɱһЩǿܶʵ
ˣһð߹㳤ְλ
ˮ˵
ˮΪԷȲɱԼû뵽ȻԼ֦ˣƺµıǮܲС
ϧǰð߹ԼԼҲȤοԷĻȦ˵׼ء
ˮɫ·˼һ
㳤һְһׯԺһòŮʮ鱦ǧ
ˮ˼˵
ˮû뵽⻢ϲĵ飬ҲйϵְλǺзģòŮʮںɫ֮һµջ󣬻ǧ֮Ľ鱦ƱҲв٣λǮŮȻȫˡ
Ҫð߹᲻֪
ˮ̧ͷŻƽ˵ҪϷˣŭ
Ҫʶ̧١
ŭĺ
ǺǣҰѻð߹ƽ֪ǲǷˡ
ˮƽĿŻð߹ỹûзˮУֻǻСġ
ϣȥɱ
һ˵˵
ͷֻǻˮʦϾʦ̫ϡ٣̽һ¡
˳ԼĳҲϻֱһԾˮȥ
Ծأʵ죬еĳһڵĲӰˮɨ˲Χͼһ
ˮҡҡͷ˷̽ѸٳȭֱӺ˵ĺ
ۣ
ѵ˲ŵ˫͹ˮǰ
һˣΪо귽ųֵʵ˿Լ
ˮͷе㷢ƶˣңһٻ󣬵ҿ
ƶ˴Ŀˮһ·𻮹һů嶼·Ȼ
ˮƶЦЦȻͷŻһֻѸݵıӳ˳ȥ
ƺ͹ת۷壬бǽѸٳУҪð߹һ
ʵǰ£ˮоģ޳ʵѾ൱ǿˣˮȥҪľһ
֮ˣ
ˮûԷûбҪͬʵڽ֮ǰֻбɱķ֣οߵʵûԼȫʢʱǿ

̶ĽײˮǵЦݣȴǲ˼ľҲû뵽ǱɱһǱôһɱ
·һ˲ֺһ꣬ڰû
Χžûһ˿˶Ҫʲô
ˣֱӱɱˣ
ûۻɣһɱˡ
и˰۾ˣ˼˵
˭ƶ˴Сϵܺð
ǰƶСõİɣ
˵׼ôͻõƶ˴С㣬ºˣƻð߹ᶼҪˡ

ΧԽԽ֣ϲǣ϶ǹֻɫ˵Īƶð߹ˡ
ƶ˴Լģǿĵͨ죬һᣬϲõˮ֪Ůܿˡ
ƳءͨҲ˷ޱȣֻҢƲ֣뵽ǰǾһ亹Լƶ˴类Ǹ˸ɱ˰ɡ
۰
ǰǸΪ硢ŵЦߵļҲǿޱȡ
Ǽƶð߹Ͷð߹ߴʱɫҰףתۼ䲻ɨأԼӵеһҲҪʧ
һΣүӵľӢСǴ󸻴֮ˣƶð߹һʵġ
ϲ˵
ĻҲΧһϢƶ飬ƶйƶð߹ǿģ˭ǵġ
ʣµˮҪɱֵʱƶȴæˮ߰ɡ
ˮͣǲɫ¶Цݡ
ǰƶð߹ģйٵĹͣҲһͥˣÿ˶᷸һκòãˮ
ƶߵˮ˵
˵ô
ˮ΢Ц˵һƷ˿ˣ΢紵ˮϣĺȻİҵķ˿á
ƶ˲ܿƵĺһСҲ¶ĺΣлл㣡
ʱǰǼ˹ˮһˮϽǷٵǳܲ
ͨ죬ͷӼллˡ
ҺƶСǺܺúܺõѣҵ飬Լλ˼ҲĸԸġ
ˮ˵ﻰ
ƶˮǿǸܺú̲ܺסһţ̧ͷˮ΢ЦſԼŵæƲͷһ¹ײȻйܵĽӴǴ⣬ֱڲĻҵĸо


836 ȥһ
ˮʱƶˣСŮ˵һŵŮչֳ˵Ķˡ
޳Ůˣƶ̾磬ˮڸǾ֮ļû칬һУڲ֪ʲôӡ
ĺ棬ţֻĳЩʱ˸̾ڡ
ȻɬƶˣˮƿĿ⣬ܶ˶ڿϢ֪ƼҴСһζһ¶СŮ˰ɫ
²˳٣ȥһλð߹ɣ
ˮƶ˻ָȻ˵
ˮ
ң
ˮ˵ȻһӻϿգ޴Ļһ˶̲סһһҪ𺳺ܶ࣬Ҳ񿥺ܶࡣ
ĸҴƶȥһ˻ð߹ᣬ˶һ£ǿԷģҲŮһ⡣
ˮǸݵ˺Ц
úãĸҲǣҲȰǣһҪСġ
ϲˮˮ˼˵
Ȼ˵ͷˮסƶ˪ѩſеĻȥƶ˵Ľ̲סһ
ˮоŮĺ֣ȻڲϤϾܵĹϵʱ꣬Ļš
֪ǸÿĻįһǽɬоǶԷԼźøлǿܣоǽɬΪǰ˵һЩԼҲһĸо
ԭԼһֱ
ϸһЩȻûжʲô̹ĵ˼ƺʱҲʱټĳ嶯
ƶ˰ˮָ򣬻һչ˫ʧǰ
ˮƶ˲վڻϣǺǿҵķ罫˵󷭷ɣرƶȹ㷢ǵյӺݹ
лл㣡
ƶٴˮ˵
ˮͷžߵŮˣֱʱ˴˺һȴǷ·һϧĸо
㶼֪˵˶ٱˣ͵Ƿİɣʵһֱ뵽㣬Ҳ֪ΪʲôоǷģҲ뿴ǲǹĺܺá
ˮЦſԶ˵
ˮĻƶ¶һ˿ĵЦ⣬ر΢΢Ĵ˵ĹĶǡ
㳤ˣ
ƶ˿ˮ˵
ˮһЦˣڱʱҲˡ
ǲˣ
ƶ˿ˮʵһ˿ţͱˮʹʵһֱܵģȻڻᣬȻееŤ
ôᣬ޳ǵһŮôϣ㶫ഺӳʮꡣ
ˮЦ
ˮôǿ칬ûڱǿ˰ɣ뵽ǰЩӵܴȥڸоңԶ
ƶЩ֪һʲô顣
ˮǱ߾ǡ
ˮҪ˵ʲôʱƶָָ治Զƶð߹ƵһƬ˵
ȥ
ˮû񣬶ٴסƶŻð߹ȥֻһҲ֪ǹ⻹ץƫסƶ˵֣ġ
Уƶ˲һӶǵӣѾԼˣԼҪٻֻǲ֪֪֪ԼҪʲô
ڿзһ߿Уܿ;˲ٻð߹ˣˮ䵽ð߹ԺʱԶѾˡ
֪ͨ죬ƶð߹ˣ˵ƶˡ
أôûл

ˮƶվԺм䣬ΧˣЩˮͨ۲ʵ֪һȺں֮ڣڵȻð߹ĺԱ
ƶ˴죬ôȲҪ޹ˣôһð߹ˡ
Ҳʮʱ䣬ԶʮˣһЩͻԪˣòӦǻ
磬үүҲǵģôˣ˵ҲôŮˣ޳ŮҲŹӵĶۺ졣
һɵ˵
ߣүүȢŮֻǸֶΣ˵ѾŮɱˣ˵Ժкӹ
ΪζĿƶ˵
Ƕ˼ŮȻүүӣʵֻǽٺ١
һԵһһɫµЦ
Ůڻð߹ɱô죿
ǰߵǵ˵
õûлᣬȻѡӦӵǶ˺ƶð߹᲻ֻҪ˱Ҫ
г˵
̸ͨˮоΪȺǺǳһ˿̵΢ЦԱߵƶޱȣо䣬ΪûˮĻ֡
ˮŶЩţȴ˵һЩƤڣֱһһ뼤ȻԶ㣬ȴʵܶġ
ǸӶûзֻ֣Ǹоͷüһʧȥֱ֪ǸǺΪӵȥŷβԡ
ˣ
ɱ˶磡
һ˿Ѫüˡ

һ˶Ǹо쬵ģȻûиоԷγ־Ѿɱˣһ֮ǿģҲ֪ǶǸģΪǸоƶ˲ңҲ
ȻҪɱЩûбҪţˮһݵֱٴ˫һοһƿ
ʮһûһ⣬ȫ
ͬʱʮ߳ǿϺ˵ŵǺʱһʱŭڵĿˮƶˡ
ˮʲôҲûзһΪ׵һĺͻߣһߴֻͣһ˿İһգʣµҲ˺ͻơ
ˮͷǻð߹Ĵ컢ʣµĸֵܣЩǻð߹ĳϣƽʱð߹ġ
ƶˮ˵
޳ĳǳУʵҲǿˣشƫƧȻŻϿɽҲбף޳ǲǶôģûʲôǿʵᡣ
ҪȢƶˣ
ˮŻƽ˵
Сӣѵ֪ǻð߹𣿡
ˮ˵Ѿ൱ߣֻûȥΪо̫˶Է
Ȼ֪֪һҪ̤ƽһл۵ĶѾɱˣ֪ǲǻҵˡ
ˮŻЦ
ˮһ仰ûЩ˳״ˣϢţ뻢Ϊʲôڻûлѵôôĵӡ
䡭
ĵ෿һϲϵޱȣǻð߹ᣬˣϷݵܿͱȺΧסֲ̫ǰ
ʱиӻŵܵǰǵ˵˼仰ɫ԰ֽˮ翴ʡ


837 񣬶ķ
ˮ˵Ļʵ֤ʵ˵ϢҪǱɱģɱʵҲͿɱ
ۣǿð߹ȻˣȻյð߹ᣬ̫ǿˡ
Զ˿ĵ˵
ǰһλð߹鷳ˣڴ
˽ӵ
Щ꣬ð߹ĻҲˣ컹۵ġ
Сһð߹ʤ֪۵ĻһŹǵġ
һֱû˵æ˵

ΪʲôҪǻð߹ȥ
ˮǲˮɱ
ΪȻ۸ҵŮˣ˵òá
ˮƽЦ
ˮߵƶˣ޳Ů˿Ǵûκκ˹ϵ׽Ϣû뵽Ȼίôǿˣһôᡣ
ֲ޳ǵſЩνſЬ䣬Щ۸ڶ˾һЩɵӣԼҲǿɡ
ƶˮ࣬ˮǰ˵Ļٴβ˼£仰ʲô˼ԼŮˡ
Χô࣬ԶԺܶ˶
ʲôԼĹϵ𣿡
ƶˮĬĬעӡ
Ҿ˵ôŮôûˡ
ˮĻ̾
ǰһˣҲֻһλð߹᲻۾Ȼƶð߹ᣬкϷˡ
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С㣬СĻð߹˰ι
һǰĺ˵
ٺ٣㿴ѷݶˣð߹˾ԲЩ뿪ġ
ΪȻЦ

ҸᣬְɣȻֵĻҲûС
ˮŻ˵ǴҲǴ塣
һˮгվҪһӡ󣬾ԼӵеʵԺʹԼ뿪Ҳû˸Ҵƶð߹뷨ԼӦһĻˮʵﻹһЩ뷨
óԼĴ󵶣ɫĳ̹һµȻϢƺļ
һϣ
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ˮǽŲæӦȥԷѾԼҲûʲôùǵģϽչˮһ㡣
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վֱڻð߹ʩչ̤ܿн͵ˣǿƷ·ضҪһΧ˳ס
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ˮͣɱ˲յĿģֻһѵֶΣƶߵߣͷŮЦЦǻȥɣ
ƶЦЦͷ

ʱͻȻһЦĴЦŷŭͿš
ˮɫվƶǰ棬۾סǰһλá
ƶ˿ŵԼǰˮһ˿޵ЦݣһľϲѾܶˣ뱧ס뷨졣
ͻȻЦ˶ǾޱȣھɵҲ֪Ц˺ǿΪЦ׶оƺҪ̴˵ĶĤһ
ˮŲæó񣬾ôһֱЦĵط
һĿ߳ڣ޷ɢңˮ֪ô£һֱڱչء
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Ҳ˭Ҳ֪˶һɷ
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ɷǶʮǰ𣿡
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û뵽ұչضʮ꣬Ȼ˰ϳƽˣҲգϷ򿴿ʲôºˡ
˵óһͨɫߵٴһӡ

ֻϷһֻ޴ޣͨ죬ˮһҲһȣȻͷԡ
ͷһֻޣǱͷԵĻҲˮ˼һ㣬ԶˮûκвΪóǻ
ˮ忹˵ǼģΪӵлһĻ˵ûʲôãͷԻǺܿµġ
ֻԵ׳ˮ״ϸڶ֮ſµϢĿž޴ײϵһϢΧĿǴһȵ״̬£ʵõĸ޷ǰ
ˮ񣬱ƶ˽վϡ
Сӣ󲻹ҵĳɱġ
߿ˮľٴ벻м˵
ɱֻֻҪƬ̡ˮЦſˣȻгޣƶߣгޡ
ˮгޣɷ۾ʶϳˮгޣڿɱĻð߹оҲеô򵥡
֪
ɣ
߻ɫˮ
ס
ˮͷƶ˵Ȼ˵ӰѸٵĺˡ
콵
ͬһʱվĽշħҲʩչ
۽𾦣
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ˮ·֪߻ͣһվŵӰһĿŲʮߡ
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ķ
ˮһֱûĶķ
ˮЦſжķŮȻľĶǣȻ󿴿ߣ֡ġķ֪ܲ뵽İ޾С
ˮʱ뵽еεŮˣнʱҲ뵽һֲ˼ĵزΪԼ۳һҶɱ龰
ºˮ֪ķҪ˵ǣ뵽ֻţֱĻþǿֱӻ
սУⶾķÿǾ޴ģֻҪķ΢ǣǴ۾ģҪǷʤǿľ


838 ķЧ
ˮеĶķֱӴ
ķǱ޿ɱܵģ콵һԻɷһ£ɱˣžһ㶣ɫȻѸٳ졣
ˮɷ飬Ҳһ㶣ô͵ˣȻ飬Ǽ˷ܡһǳкһЩŮһ𻶰ʱŻ龰˾ȻҲ顣
ߵľҲһ㣬һҲֻ˲䣬ˮԥľź鼤˫飡
ڹؼʱ̣ǰˮһʱ䣬ܿҪ䴩СҲƺص
߿ˮ˫۲˾֮ɫӾǸħȻʧԵĻ롭
ɱ
ͻȻȣһӡ
еġͷԡ޴һˮĿž޴ԴŨҵĳɫ棬ͬʱ޴βһ˦һ޴ĸֱƵˮˮ
ɷѾǱˣΧ˻ǰ𺳵ĳ棬ǸܲˮֻˮķͿµİ
վڽվϵƶ˷һ˸Լĳʵ̫ˣʲôʵЩôģôǿ
Ȼףرϲƶð߹ǱסˣԼͼԼð߹˶ȫˣⲻԼĿΪĿģԼϧԼ
ܿ쿴ֻ޴ͷˮȥȻ֪û£Ȼ̲סġ
ֵĸо֪ԭ֪ʲôʱѾԼģԼľȻΧתһʱǿǻҡ
ͷԣˮ͵İθߣ㿪˦ľ޴βͣȻѸ£еӸһʽɽʹ
ˮһʽȽǿһУרŴһЩαȽϴޣһСΧ𵴹дд͸ЧԺһĻס
ԣ
ȫһӣͷҲ̲סһҺ͵İθߣɫĻٴˮ޴ĳɫ޴Ļ͵ˮ
һˮûжܣʵת۷壬ǽϹת£ʩչʱϹġ
֮ˣ
ԡ
µĳɫˮϣһĻˣЩ·뵽һıǽͷԵһž޴Դϡ
һ쳹ĺУһž޴ױɫѪʮ׸ߣһƬϸ
ȻͷԵһԴȥǾ޴ʹԴ󷢣ͬʱսҲ΢
ˮһҲͷԣΪԵĶˮûʲôЧͷ޴ʵףϧԼȫʵӲɣܿͱˮնɱ
Ǿ޴ͷڵϣضΪ֮һͬʱҲսĽлð߹ʧ
Ȼƶð߹˲䱻˹עǹעƶ˴Сˣճʲôжǿ󡭡
ѾˣҲڿͷԲһʱ֪ԼˣȻģȴǱ·
չضʮ꣬һӭӵľΪγûð߹ٴǿһЩ޳ȫڻð߹С

ˮͷԵʬսɾЩʬġ
ƶ½վ󣬿ٵܵˮߣû°ɣ
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ܻӭɫˮһ̾Ů˲ɢģǹ˲
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ˮס𣬻ǽ·ɹ棬Ȼƶð߹ȥ
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ڻð߹ʱˮʶΧȫţʹƶ˻ð߹ᶼЩʵˡ
©֮һУһܶ࣬ϾôˮûеɥĲĵزֻ©ЩҲˮߵģ֮Ѿûǿߣڷûд󼸰޷չԼǰʵ
˻ˮҲûɿƶ˵֣ƶˮţԼƶð߹޷ɵ飬ֻǶ̶̵Ĳ칦ˡ
ԵһŮҲиԵһ棬ѾʼԼˮԵ֣оҲүүǰ˵Ļ
ԼĻнƶ˴ĿˮˣȻˮȴǲˮϣˡ
ˮʱȴǴĿԼҲܿˣЦʲôһֱҿҡ
ƶ˷·һ㣬ˮĻһ䣺ʲôóԵġ
ܺóԣ
ˮЦ
ƶ˽һеį᲻ҡ
ôᣡ
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ôҲǱƲѣûϲʲôˣԴһ㡭֮ûк˽Ӵ
ƶ˵ܵ͡
ƶ˵ˮıסҪ룬һ֮ԵֵˣʵһθտҾûд뿪ңΪֻҵŮˡ
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ˮƽͷͷһڣ˶
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ƶȴӦһͷˮϡ
˶칬ʱΪʲôԼҽף
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ƶһȻ˵Ҷоֻ֮뿪޼һֱ⣬֪ģһ᲻ֶεõҡ
𣿡
ˮЦſƶˣΪʱȵŮǵһΡ
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ƶ§סˮĲӡ
ˮסǺС죬ӺݹϷţ˫Ҳ֪ʲôʱǻԲֲʧ̵ͦϣ嵯Եĸоˮ޲̳
ˮ
ƶ˽ĺס·ˮ
ţ
ˮе㲻˼֣һֻֻ·ڡе㲻˼ʱ䳤ûŮˣһʱѳֲס
Ϊƶ˻ʵǰƶҲǷӦܴģһŽմ˵Ҫˣ
ˮѾҪƶð߹ˣٺЦϸţ̲סˡ
ô¶ǵĻƶ˱ε˲ٴαĸӽΣ·ҪγˮķŵˮܸеŻеˣƺҲеΡ
ˮ˼ЦЦһֻһֱ·Уͦδϸϸĸ˵ĸоˮԽֹ


839 ٴη
һֱƶð߹Ϸˮɿ֣ƶԼѾԼˣļһ
ȻڿѾܳˣƶ˸оԼҲΪĹǰսʱأͣʱܻ뵽칬ʱӣʱеϳɣһ
оеԼҲе
뵽ǰ̰Եĺһ
ˮƶ»񣬶滹Ǻܶˣ󲿷ֶƶð߹ģǰȫ֪Ѿˡ
ƼһһЩƶð߹ĺԱѸٵΧ£Ȼǲµ˽Ҫˮƶ׿˵һΡ
ףð߹ʧˡ
ƶ˵꣬кᱧסˡ
Ȼûˮ֪ˣǿŮվǸŮˣֻǿŮ˲Լǰ¶һ档
ΧһƬɢȥƶð߹Ϣȥϲˣûٱ˿ˡ
ƶð߹ļҲǸ뿪ǰһֱⲻϵԼǼ˵һֵ֪õر
Ȼ֮˲ǲû˲ֵֵֻԼűκܲܳܵסʵܶǹԼһء
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ˮЦŵͷƼһԺȥð߹ĴȻؽ
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ƳҲǿĵĿˮ
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ͨæ˵Լɲȥӡ
ˮûпƶ˵Ĵ磬ԼҲ˼֣ʱ뿪ɣ׿ˣƼҵļ£ûҲûбҪȥܡ
˳൱ķḻɫѾ͵ʱ䣬ֻˮһ¼Եòģʵö˲ڣֻ䣬ˮǻشĶһ㣬ǶʾܵõһЩ
ˮƽ⣬˺Ƽ˶Ǻܿġ
һٷԵĺܿģҲǺܺã˳ʲô㣬һٷһֱ˲һʱųꡣ
극Ҷ뿪ˮҷȻƶˣֻе㲻ȻΪ뵽ˮ˵Ļ﷢š
߳ƶ˴ˮŽ¥ȥʱȻˣеټΧĹʯΧǷǳġ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱ˵־һŽ¥ȥһ·ܽȴߵʱܳ
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Ȼˮشûгƶ˵ϣûио⣬ЦԺ᲻ҡ
ϵ˵Ȼ׽ܶ࣬ˮ֪Լͣ˶ʱŻ˵ڻ϶׽οȱġ
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ˮʱǱƶˣʱѾƶ˵Ĵϣ˫ֿʼ·
Ҳ֪ˮܿҪ뿪ƶûйֵĿʩΪ̹ܿ
ѩĽ¡
ϸĸоˮɿǵе㷢̴ڣֱ䵽ԡС
ԡ׵ˮֻزպƶ˵һˮУǰѩ񣬼ͦƲסС
ƶ΢죬ϱȵˮѬģһƬзһ˿˼ĺ˿̵ŵŮ˶һ˵ġ
ˮƲסıסһ

Ż˯ŵŮˣ㣬뵽һδҪôһŵŮҲзʱҲΪԼ˼ԭһֱǰ˯ȥ
ˮ죬ڰҹҶ¾ѻļˡ
ȵƶ˯ˮŽɾ
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ˮѾöˣɾʱٴɾҩٶȼӿ죬һˮ׼ʹ
ֻһöʱˮоǼеãһɹ̫ˡ
Լߡ
ˮǺܼģã˵ûͻƵҲ˵׼ˮôϣֻҪˡ
Ȼֻаٷ֮һļʣǶڱ˵Լˮ֪ж٣ԱȰٷ֮һҪϺܶࡣ
ԼɾӵߣԼһ𣬾ҲҪӲٵĳɹʣоڵĺȻͲɽ
ʵЩɹʵĶһźܴĹϵ
ԣ
ˮԻУȻԼҲܳζˡ
һϹǿȻ󽫲ɽȹתҲһ飬Լﵽһȫʢ״̬¡
ȻԶתн֮ջնˮȡ
Ȼһöȥ׿һĳ񣬼ӿٶתϹвϵĲ͸
ʱһĹȥˮһ˫ֽӡĿеϹһĽе̵
йһεľˮϴһĲ͸档


840 ɾĴ֮ģע
ԽԽо˳ޱȣٱһ˳Ķ࣬һλоһ֪Բ͸棬һ൱ʧ
˷ʳˮ֪ʲôԼоǾܵյԽɹԽߣõĺôӦԽ
ˮƲֹƬ̣Ȼ˫ۣͣһβסЦ⡣
ɹˣ
ˮֻ֣ҪԼúÿƣĳɹǺܴģԴﵽϵĳɹʣΨһһһҪʱԽڵɾҲҪЩʱ䡣
γɹˣûϹǿͻƵľ磬ȴˮһֹһݾϲˮϲ
ΪεˮĴ֮ͻƵ˴ɾ硭
ˮܵԼľʱ֪ԼĴ֮ĿҪͻƣΪ߻ûֱ
Ȼʶ֮ĵĴɾԺ󣬿ĵ޷ݣΪεսɾҪ̣ʱ䲻һС֣츳ȱһɡ
֮Ĵﵽɾˮʵ֪ٱΪˮӵаԽ֮ĵȫӳ
û屶ˮڶޱȣ屶ʲôѾˮɱʹˣڸֱӳˮĴ󲿷ֵĹֶΡ
ǱʶĶҲѷɫЩһЩһЩҪ֧ţƺǿܵ˵ڵĻҪϲ١
Դһ㣬ȴǷ㣬ʹÿռܴ󣬱ɽСҲͨһЩĶ
ǰڰý봫ߵڵĽ뻹ܲܳڵĻ
ЩҪʱ䣬꺮ҪڵĻҪһЩʱ˲˵ؼصĶ˵ܸߣϻͲܽ
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ˣһжѵõһˮΨһıˮҲǸϹꡣ
˵ǿġ˵ĶҲᱻһЩЩҪܳʱ䣬Ҫöꡣ
ˮ뵽ԼıǽȷǽʲôƳɵģ֪ǰĻԱǽһʱûʲôӰ졣
оⱱǽҲǼ
Լ꺮ԣ꺮Ƴɶʱ䡣
ˮ뵽һڴ
ˮжõ꺮룬Բ׼ˡ
һˮƽ˫֣ȻתϹ߶ֻˮ˫Ѹٳһ߳Ļɫ桭
һˮһȻô࣬أڿĻļµ¶ȲϵţжյһɫĿն
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ʱ䣬ˮŬƻ򣬾ܵİѻʵĸСһ㣬оС׼ʱ䡣
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Ըõģʵǲпģ۵ҩһЩĵرиڣԽõĶҪʱԽĶҲҪʱ䣬ĶηʱԽ̳ɹԽ͡
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Բ˺ԵֵˮоŮ͸ģעġ
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һô˯
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ǰ֪Ȼ߹ʱĺȻûдﵽԲԶתҲûзʲôġ
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ҲΪҪǡ꿴ƬʱŸеЧˮԣ
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ЩֻһӣһƬĻǲЧҪϺܶࣿ缸ǧϵ֡
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842 ݣִ
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˵ʱϯſʼƽð߹õǮƾһµ֣һεϯݻǧ֮࣬ͷ˿мһЩƽһЩƶǰ껻ˡ
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תһ£ݳѾˣһ·ˮĴҲ¼ʮ飬ڿˣΪǾ޴ĳǽݳɷĽɫ֡
ˮÿһζᱻ𺳣ΪЩֲдģҲԭ򣬾ݴ½˻ŲĵλΪ䣬ȴ벻ˡ
ݳǵĳǽΧĳǽҲ߶٣ֹӺصϢҪĳǳغ˺ܶ࣬ˮ޳뵽ݳǡ
ˮ֮ûдӸ߿շɹΪÿǳصĽҵǷǳ֮Ľܶ඼УˮŻѡݳǡ
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843 ƸҩУƸ
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ˮʵҲ룬ƸôڣһôһҩУ˵Ӧ׹ǵĶɣ룬߲Ǽӵô࣬ƾˣһЩҲֲðɣϾּĶƸĴҲࡣ
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ˮȻ֪Լκã߱˵־ߣ־ջꡢ꣬ʱֻǴ˼극
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߱ˮĻĺӶˣô˵ҲƸҩʦҽʦƸرصģãλߡ
ҪκҾͰΪʦ
ǰǸҲΪ֤Լٴ˵·µۣҲҽʦоԽ
ˮҡҡͷ΢ЦŲ˵߽˵ѵ
ˮȻˮĻСĵİѴϵѵؿһЩɫӡǡ
򴦸һЩˣѪǴģֻˣеˡ
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ʵ;ˮʥ֮ҲǱǰǿܶࡣ
Ө񣬷·͸˫Ĵڴӵڡ
һƳڣˮԽԽ죬ܼžž𣬵Ƴû˿仯
ҩʦҽʦˮ˫ʱе㾪ȣ˰ûκα仯ٴתɲм
үȴǾȵĿˮܸܵˮϵһ̿˵˫־޼֮
ʱоһκԼӣʲôˣȻ湦
ΪүȻܸܵʵܸоΣϢ
ƸȻǿģҲǿŽǿʵȦУôҲһߴƸµҲֻдҰܺ°ɣĶоԲĶ֡
˭ʲô˾Ȼĺ
һӺˮֳͣһ룬ϸţëɫĻѷ֡
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ݴ½ȴǴ󲿷ֶֻ΢Чֻڴţʶǿ֮١
ˮǾŴ糤ĽʱǶˣŴ糤ˣЩ˶Ǽˣһ۾ܿǽ롣
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ֻ֮ЧеǱܣȻͨʥֺ֮֮޸˵Ĳλ
̻ȴЧԣһκõģˮҲΪһΣʣµõҩʱưɡ
Լҽ¶̫ԣ̫ˣȻѾǹˣֵֵ֪ͣ죬Ϊ֪Ƹûǧϵͨݡ
ʱʱȥˣмûһ˵һ仰Ҳû뿪ΪǿƳıˮýˡ
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ҪģûмôҪģǰߣ˼ң̫ˣҽѾûʲôǰ;ˣͻҲ˷ѡ
ˮЦſ˵ˮ޷⣬ߵﶼȱ١
ǰ˵ģҪκƹӣҾͰΪʦģһ㶪ġ
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СֵܣߣȥԺߣ̫ˡ
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Ǻǣ˳˵ҽޱȣû˲㣬ƸеʵҲ˵ʲôҪΪƼĻ㲻ˣ˵֮ԵǣôСֵܡ
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ˮЦŵͷǵģϣϸָܸ·
֪ݳǣǵòͨݵġ
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ˮͦƵģûгϣ֪ʲôԭ
ǣУУݾУͨҲУ۳ʲôǮû˳۵ġ
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ܴǿߵֻǧͨݡݡлݡණʵˮȫµԭΪⰲһ޵ѪƳлЧĵҩ
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ˮһ۾ͿϵһźڱʯֻƾʯɢϢ֪Լǿǿܶࡣ
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֪һȥʤݣϸҲ㣬ƷʵĺڱʯʮɵٶȣӦñĺһ㡣
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ˮмЦЦлһûƴǡ
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ҪôС֣ƽѪҲãѪѪҲǵȺ岻ִһÿҲͼ˶ѡ
ЩĴÿһʴϻۣǼǿڣΪ֧

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мȥ˺ܶ÷֮ȥﾲĳĴһ̫ȭЧرõģҲЩ÷ܵʧ
ˮһöűѩʥԼöЩҪʱ̫ˣɾˮҲ治š
һˮޣɫ޿ˮеıѩʥ󷢳ͳһɴֱιʳһš
ѩʥⶫٿٿıʵÿһ磬һʱǿüģҲִССľҲʵ弶߼Ǳѩʥǿֻ֮۷ʹãûֱ۷ԲΪֹ
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һֱӴﵽżˮŴʱ޵ʵ൱ġ
һűѩʥһֱٴι޷£ٹЩӣͿöѩʥˣö߲ɾĽ
һЧͲ˺ܶ࣬һʮޣˮˣȫɹοʮһԲˣãˮоǲļˣ޵ʵ۷ǰʵͬʮޱʵѾһǳͷˡ
޺߾ϵĳվͻıʵϧڹվͻǿɱС
һǵıʵ츳ս׻壡
׻壺޵ĶеһʵģתܵмʽԷס
ټ׻׻Լ׵ڵ޻൱ǿģˮҪԼϣԼһЩɱﵿʹãɱ


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ڵޣˮ൱⣬ĹȻվͻ磬Լþ޿ƥУ֮Խöѩʥ޷ãΪˮоһһõޣվͻҲɲó
Ҫ޵ƣһȥһСľͻᱻס޵ٶҲ൱ı̬׻׻ȻǸǿ󣬵ĹҲǺǿģҲܺ֡
űѩʥҲҪ죬ˮ֪ǲǵʱٴʹãϾǰͨɽһġ
ʣһöʱҲ£ʹˣ׼컯ţɾʱȴߣҲ꣬ԺеǻᣬԼؼˮڻԼá
˾ˮͲԥһöȥȻǵλǺڴڴеһ
ĹЧ̫ˣ漴ĳһͻƣٶȡ漴ĳһмĳһľ裬ͻȻõĳһҩ
ȻʻǲһĵףˮʳζɹˣоԼ˵һԭ򣬼ʹõļʻǺܴġ
һл׵Ľţˮüͷչţƽ޷˸оĵر
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ͼǰڴСûʲô仯ӻӣɢһؼʵһˮ쳣ѡ
ͼӵɫʱøӹأеͼԽԽɫȻԴĻɫɫ
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һʼоܱͼڲϵѾﵽһǿĴڣʱ޿̶ɢԼͲԼ
ͼǰǿܶ࣬ˮԿܵѹ;Ĺ͸ǿͼˣȻûֱʵôȴǱʵҪ
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һʱҲൽ˸óɾʱ䣬ԴӴˮƺԼһֱ
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ˮܸܵȻǿҵԵĸܵΪʲôûʹأҲ֪ʲôЧ
ͻȻ뵽˷ֱΪͱ֣ˮĸ;壬ʹõʱҪֱĿ꣬Ч
һǱģյҪضλòЧͬʯһСͱԹ䡢Ƕ·ϣĿƣԶʩչ񱻶սһ
ˮ̨ϵĻյСһ״Сⶫѱʦ˵ǸöûսôһΪǲ֪ⶫļֵ
Ϊ֪ʲôãοˮͨоյľԲߣԾʹãҲеʲôԵá
ܸܳⶫõʵ̫ˣѡҪյһЩľ磬Ȼޡ
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ˮо˷ŵ֮⣬ӦҲãս˭Ķ߶˫һһֶܡ
ôĻյܱϣԵóû֪ʲôãļֵղأɹһղء
ˮ뵽ԼĻޣ֪վĽս;̤֮Ļ᲻ܵյӰ졣
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СӣһƹŶӣҾ㶪ȥĳϡϡ߳ϡųϵ˽жǸ꣬ˡ
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ˮŶȥһʼôٵķУһ߿ľɫѾٴȥˣ˵ģﲻͨݣǶǹ򽻻ģǾĸϵʤݣ뷨ȥͨɽ
ڶѾݳˣˮûȥǿ䣬֪ǲǻãǸŮ˻᲻˵Լ
ˮ˦˦ͷˣԺ˵Ҫ׼ʹþ뿪ʱȴǸܵ󷽲ԶļֻĸԼ


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üͷţǿʲô˵顣

ʱˮǵһǳأֻûͣ˼ˣҪĸϵʤݣ·̲Ƕ̾룬ڻ;ҲҪһκܳʱ䣬Ҫϵʱ䣬οǵ˶ʤݻҪʤݵ档
ȵڵʱˮǵһ֮Ļ֮أʱ䣬ֱӽɾˮôɾʱ˳ֱӸ·Ҳ
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յܾǰĹЯ߿вսѱ޵ѱ޵ķõ;йϵģǰ㼶߷
ˮû뵽ԼʶĻյһΨһˮźǾ̫ͣһ룬ˣֻƾ¶ǿҲ˸оǲǷӦֻǾ㼶
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Ҳ֪ΪʵԭˮÿԴЩÿǶʮΣ
ڴʱ򣬻յϷһЩı̹âֻǱʵţֻ̹⣬ڿ޷ͱϵ


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ҡҡͷɲںԼǲʲôֻҪԼϹǿɾԼӵеһУҵһЩԼʶ۷ϣʱԼͿһЩˡ
һϣһֱˮŽɾ
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յܾǰĹЯ߿Ӳսѱ޵ѱ޵ķõ;йϵģǰ죡
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壬߼磬似ԸһѾľˣ۷ĻϱУСҲЧ
磬
óʱˮûʹøҲ֪ܸסʲôʵԽҪʱԽ͸Ѿóʱûˡ
ںͻյƺһ㣬ļ磬ͣ
ˣҪʱȷʵ޿ɹƣֲõһһǿߣһԻء
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ΰ̬ͼ֮ҲֻǲŸոţ·;ܳȱʱҲȱֻǵʱۻ⣬Ȼɡ

ڶŶȥĸ·ˮڻϿΰ̬ͼҲĥһЩ飬Щʱæô˼ˡ
һз·ǲȥ룬ǹ滮õģûʲôѡģֻҪȥͿˣھҪԼĸϵ顣
Ҳˮеͷ۵飬ӲԼռЩŮǲֵܷģҲܵմǲݣһŮףֻҪһתʱ䣬봦һѣһѣദŮ˸ϼѡ
ļŮƺû˵ʲôҪˮֻϲһˣûϺˮҲûˮȥϲŮˡ
һк;ݴ½ϰ׵λЩϵȻ˵Ůƽȣһ檣ϺŮ˹м˵ģҲΪݴ½ǿռ˾ųϵԭ
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ÿ춼ҪʹһξУȻڵľиоǰôǿˣڻٶԭ
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ˮһʩչУһеڶʹãƾҲǶʮǸоرˬǰ˲ȥʮ
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һ²κ׷ˣȻûм˵е¹ⱦкسߣǿҲСˡ
Ҳ߼磬һʹʮεĻҲܴһݵһݣˮͼ嫵ľݣգδ½ָֻҪʱξݵˡ
ξкǲƬߵڲˮȫٷУһ߿ΧȺˡ

º뵽֮صˮдеɭֲЩɭﶼǸߴޱȵĹľ쳣ïŨӿֻܿɭֵĶֻһЩҶ֮С϶
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˫ͷӥչдһЩԣҪͺצϣڶԸͬʵЧ
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һԭˮоݵޣһЩˮܵǿ⣬޵ʵԽµףһֱǰüҰ޵ʱˮ֪ٽǳصĵطһǿ޴ڡ
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ˮʱһʹбܿ˴·Բŵ˳ߵĴ·һ߽ǳǡ

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үԵرġ
ˮ΢Цſţ˭֪ⶭһ֮ˣܺͶүֵܵҲҪеݡ
ҾͲȥˣϯɢپۣﻹء
ЦŶү˵


859 Ƕң˳ңֵܣ
㶭ѾҵѣҶȥɣ
үŶЦ˵
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ͷĲʱºˣû˼ˡ
忴ˮЦ
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ܿһ˳֣ˮҵĵĴһɫʿǣһŰɫɴȹŮӡ
ӷʣһ˴ûŴŮͬò绨ɴȥգֻ¶һ˫ӡ
ˮⶫľǶңԼߵλͶҹϵǳұʵλ˿ѷɫڶҡ
ǰֻǸо˲ѰˣڸоԷʱǿޱȡ
Ƕҵˡ
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֪ԼʵȻһЩлǲһ뵽ǰ˴ԽύѺҪףȴһֱûôȥ
ڿףʵӦÿԣԸҲĹˮύһӵһοǡ
ˮȥļˮ˵ЩҪģҪǱˣֻбɾͣûʵһӵܶѡ
ãȻֵͶԵԺֵˣǲЩʲôʽףֵеģԺֵҲֵܡ
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ˮҲоܿģһȻûʽ֪һЩʽĻҪ󣬶˵ۣˮѣ˾͸˵ˡ
ȻûʽⱭƴ⣬Ɑһֵܡ
Ϊһ˵
׺ˮϽһͷ£ʱˮһʼһֱڣһοô档
һû˸СֵˣϾүǺͶֵܣһˣ˶Ǹо֪ʲôζǰǸоĹתۼȴһ졣
ΪԷСȴǸоԼС
һˣǶҵĶŴ˵˼䣬һ˺˼˵Լӵϲ磬ôҳԺáȺõȵ֮ࡣ
мϺ˺õİͽᣬȻﶼ˴У١
ҩģʯ觡ܹա
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֣ҲˣʲôԼƤ׳԰׺ȣʲôʸָˣȻʲô壬Ҳ۸ġ
ȻǳߣκһߣοڶҲǵĴ壬Ǳ𶫷Ҳѷɫʲô
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һΪҵʵԭҲͲΪˣһҲֻǲ²⣬Ͼûеһɽݲöز
סڱʯ֮ģֻһʱ䣬ȻһӲޱȵĺڱʯ֮ľȻΪ飬ֻһ㿴Ǻڱʯ֮ģȻʯͷ
һ£ȫסˣһʱȻ˶ݵĳĬǴĿеʯͷ
֣ңԲǼٵġ
ҿʯͷ˻Ҫ㲻Ǽٵģ
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ҵǰٿѱ磬ʵǰ˵ʲôûãЦſҵӣǲͶҲȥøʯͷƭңǵµ£ǿ𶫷ңΪҵ˶ɵӣ
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ʵ޷ٴȥֻŶҵǸ֮˵Ҫң뿪
ö޳֮ˡ
ǰָˣԭԼƤ
ҲǵģֲǷҪûкõĴĸҲУڴٵİɡ
ʼ۵ԽԽ࣬ҵ˻ûء
Ǹ뿪ˣҪҾһͷˡ
˵ôУôôġ

ҵ˼С뿪ġ
лλֵܣû뵽һôǶûһʲô񣬵ƭǣʵĺ
Ǹ֮׺Χ˵
үȥһϲóٶ˱Ȼʲôԭ򣬱ϾֲûǮôòĺȴ˵ȥ
ҡҡͷ̾˵
ү͵ĺ񣬲ҪӲãҲˣġ
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ϸ磬ѳѸˣǮ
Ƕҵ޳ҪǮġ
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860 ʥݺӻص
ʵˮû˵סǿźڱʯ֮ĵʱ͸ܵ׽еȻˣյĲɫֱǺڱʯ֮ĳΪûκμֵʯͷ
ݴ½̫ˣʿܶ࣬ƽѪɫѪҲϽѪУ˵ˮϵ»ʲôֵ¶ɽܡ
ҲܾʣĴﵽˮ׼ʵˮоԷԼʵڲ٣ûжǿ
ʵսĻʤԤˣϾŸԵɱУˮսʤǣΪޣڵĻš
ھϣˮڲҺۼȣµʵоѹԼĲֻ࣬ҪھѹԼôԼкͶԷһսʵѹȫѹƣȫѹǾͻΣա
ȥǰɣ
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ڿն˽𾦻ӥޱϣѸٵſǷȥ
ܣǸг𣿡ʵ
ܿɻʵʵʵǶܿպڱʯ֮顣
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ҲˣܿĶ츳ͬڳ˵ˣǼͬڣǽֵǡ׺ǺǵЦţƺܿġ
ǰֵÿģ൱ġҲЦ˵
ⶫҵĹϵܺ𣿡ˮʵ
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ҵ¶ۿҵүŹǿŮˣҵ˺òֻǱĺܺãʵǿҽì㣬ܿáЦЦ˵
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ֵܻʲôֵܡЦſˮ
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İطԼϤ˴ڵĻоɺܶࡣ

һ̵ĸϴʱվһһ°ɴµŮӣңߣһų׵ϣü΢š
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ԣݴ½֪ĴڣʥأǾݴ½ʥ֮һҵͽܣȻҲˣи취
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۳ڶеľˣˣʲô취
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۳ܳʱˣÿ춼ڿ˴ĹҩʲôȱֻǹɱΪ뿪û뵽ĳһʥ
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۳ʵ
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۳Ц˵ȴǻĳȥԼʲôԭ

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رǵһֻ棬Ůȴַ£ùǸɵĵطǸɣ÷ĵط飬ׯϴʱûκα飬ֻڿϲŻһ㡣
һֱɵݼҸŻ£ʱݼӿܶ˶ۼ뿴ݼǵʲôˣֻǵǿͷŮʱסˡ
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ڵݺ˵һǲܣǰ飬رЩ飬ֵһᣬ䣬Ҳ䣬ЩΪѪԵˣΪүүԭᶯǣҲǽãֵá
ѴõҪӱǺá
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ݶƹЦ˵
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ݺԥһ£ͷõǵİȫ˵ǣҲûж˸Ҷǡ


861 ʦ¼
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ܣܣǰҼˣǺúúһ
׺ˮ˵
ˮȻӦԶһݻΰׯ԰֪ҵǿΪڸûзֱȶҸۡׯԺݻĽ𾦻ӥڶǰ£𾦻ӥֱӷʧԶʱſڵһӦ
үˣ
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ţлðɣ
ͨĴſ򶭼ԺС
úã
ţȥæİɣܣܣǻؼҡ
Цк׺ˮȻͷŶȥ
֮ҵıҪʩһӦȫˣһҲһ似Զͤһ轣
ӰһѧһˮȴǾķ˻ĺ̫֮࣬ͬֻû̫ƣͬǽԲһԡ
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һ仰ˮǺܿĵġ

Թ׺ˮȥߣǰˮѾ֪Լ¼ңһǿļ塣
磬¼ôǿΪʲôǻҪȥͨɽ
ˮɻʵ
¼һǿʦ壬ҪȥͨɽѰһЩʱҲҪһЩҩΪ
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ºˣԼɢԱҵȺ壬ʤ֣ʿܶ࣬廨ŵļպܶ˶ȥУҳɾͷǳ
Լ㲻ӣˮκˣȻһֱԼǳɹǱ޷ȵġ
ǰʤɣֻû뵽ôˣ¼ڶʤҲĴ塣
ÿһݶÿһݵĻҲǲһǴ½Ķ¥ԴӣÿǰֻСʯޣеʨӣе룬СһǴػ֮⡣

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ˮҲһȻԼй˵뷨ȴȺСʵͷס
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862 Ƹ¼ҴС
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׿ˮͷȻƽ죬ֻľۼ׵ߣʱŮ˵𣺡ԣ
ˣ
ˮһûж״ߴ٣ʵҲ뿴ˮֱʲô
𼱣룬̫ˣܵѡһɡ
ˮ룬̫ˣֻԼļʲôá
ˮĻÿֵмһһѾ컯ˡ
Сղڻ𣿡
ˮ̧ͷŮʵ
ǣ
ǲ֪㲻
ˮ˵
ȻģĻʦҲݺ½ġ
Ů΢Ц˵
Ҿͻɣ
ˮ˵Żʲô
룡
ˮ뻭Ů˵ģоеͻѾǰŮùıʣ˫ѾϣȻմšīˮŮӿˮĶһȣüĿһĿˮ
ͻȻˮϵѪƺΣһ޷ĸоֶˣߣԾһͳˡ
һ˵
üĿҲʼԽԽŮԽԽȣ֪ҲĿڻˮ
ʣˮ۾Ȼʱܳһˮһǳɵĸоٻֽĸо·һˡ
еŮӷٸ߸üͣղʩɫ糯ϼӳѩɽŮգΨһ˫綬պ
Ȼ˫ܺÿɢĴĺλһЩãֻ֪һ˿ѷ¼ҴСŮӣһŮˡ
ˮ֪ôͻˮеŮˣǰʱȫ˳
ԼĻ̲סʱ龰ŮûɱԼˣôԼΪʲôûɱԼ
ˮһ̾
䣬Ůӣ𣿡
Ů˺Ŀˮʵû뵽ӻΪܶ࣬ܶࡣ
ˮһҡҡͷû뵽Ů˻ôʣҲȻܽһŮ˻㾳磬ҪǧĻûиҲܻ
ˮûϾЦŮ˵֪㲻㣬ٻ
㻹ôడǾͻô
ŮǳЦ˵
ǿˣǾɣ
ˮɲԼ¶ûҪ԰ڣ˭ûмɱﵡ

Ůкġɳ£ǰĲ輸иշµĲˮ
С㣬ʵмҪѡ
ºŻ˵
Ŷ˵ɣ㶭һٰ˵ģܼдǡ


863 ׼۷
Ůڶ˵Ķ棬мһźܴĲ輸Ҳ֮ˣ¼ҴС磬һ˿֮ڵġ
ֵˮҪͨɽǽȥʱһȥұл
忴ŶŮ˵
Ů˲ûмŴӦ壬ü΢΢𣬿ˮһ˫ƺˮ͸һ
ȷҪȥ
Ů˿ˮ˵
ȷ
˵ʵȥҲǾܱסİգһֱУҪȥҲ˵ʲôֻҲҴƱ㰲ȫΪȥûһұ֤Լܻ
ŮǳЦ˵
ˮ֪ŮʵŶ˵ǺԼ˵öŮ˵Ľˮоܺã
֪ʵһҲҪȥģ粻ģ˵Ҫҽȥ鷳Сġ
ˮ˵Ҳʵ
Ҳһȥ˶ҲиӦȥͨɽжʱ䣬ʱʱ˳ĺΣա
ˮ֪ԷǲԼȥ᲻ڣϾԼˣָӣЧʻã˵ĻͲ˵ˣԸԷе㲻ӦãԼ˶ˣͰ治øҽ
ףʱúҿȫģʲôҲȫңκһĹϵ
ˮ֪Ů˵뷨ֱӳ
Ů֪ˮ˼ҲãȻѻ˵̫׷ãȻſ壺лͲˣϣƽͺá
С㣬ʲôʱ
ˮʵ
£һ¡
ŮЦ
ţҪ׼ʲô𣿡
ˮ˵
ҩⶾҩĻһЩҲõţһЩ˲ָĵҩûеĻҰ׼һЩоõĶϣͨɽΣ֣ʱ㶼޷㣬ֻɱȥҪӴȺɱꡣ
Ů˵
ŶЩҶС
ˮæЦ
ŶǾͺã
ʱҲˣǣŮ͵ſڣ죬ҼҾ¥ȥȾˡ
ƸԶмҾ¥ſ;Ƽҡⲽ¥ҲѰ˼ң˽ȥ̴ܿӳӭӣֱӵһǲ䣬ֲȺУѡ˴һ䡣
һ̳껨ơһŨζЩǰϵĳˮûóԼصĳɾóһ̳ǧĳֻóе㲻ʣ˵һµطƷһµصƺһ㣬һҪղһЩɾڵĵطС㹻ˡ
˵ûɼͨɽޣȫ𣬳ɼһǧˡ
ںȾƵʱһͻأˮüͷһΪˮڻɽޡ
ⶼ̰ģĴʵ뵽ͨɽΪǿѪʯºˡ
˵ǰͬһ곤ӡ
˵ûе֡
һߵһŻװ˵
ҪǴﵽһǿľ磬н뵽ص˻޶ʵ½ʵȴӣһһӣ̫ˡ
֪ʲô𣿡
иӺʵ
ƺǽ

ˮҲеţޣԼܲӵùȥԼеĻᣬɾʱʱ䣬Լھͻͽ٣ֻҪһӽԼ׽Ӧû¡
οзۣˮǿʼ˷ۣĿǰôӾͶԾĵֿԼýŭĿչĸ졣
ûдﵽСɾ磬ûйԷꡱ

мˮ֪үүȥһ¼ңȻͨɽ¼ҴСȻżλ¼ҵǿ߸ţ˵¼ҽͨɽһˣٶˣ󲿷ֶߣ¼ҵ
ɾУ
ˮԼ޶ȲʵϾɾʱܳ㣬ʱʷʵ죬ҲɾˮĵʷȺѾﵽ˽ǧֻʷͻ۷֮ǰʷȺǲˡ
ǧֻʷУһѾ۷ʵֻͻƵˮӿ죬ٹЩЩǿޣһһȺҲʱ࣬һ뵽еʷһβĳˮͼ
ʵԶӰ룬ڵɾҲǷ裬תתԶĿյϾȻҲʼһЩҩݣʷͽʵģӦнӴȥİɡ
ǰһıѩʥҲˣһˮٴι޷£űѩʥͻƵ۷ȼʵõһشķԾʮ۷ҲһСͻơ
ˮоãűѩʥֵ̫ˣֱ޵ıʵֱӴһǴﵽǣ˰졣
̲סٿ޵ǿս
׻壺޵ĶеһʵģתܵмʽԷס
ʵʵ޸涼õҪ³һܲңģ޵ٶȿԶܣڿǿޱȡ
׻ͨڵ׵֮Ĺ벻óİףд΢Ч١ӦЧۼӡ
ţˣ
ˮûע룬һھ׻ǰԶһºˣԺԶľ͹֡
׻׵ûʲô仯
ڵҩʲôȻõģˮܵĹˣһҩҲۻپˡ

֪µʱ͹ȥˣˮûסڶңסڲſ;ƼУϴ˺ȾƵĵطƸܽ
Ѿ˳ˣ˵ùЩӾͻˮͶˣżȥһαƸ
ǰҲǾƸ𣿡
ˮЦſŶ塣
ǵûУ
ҡҡͷ˵
ϲϲ´С㣿
ˮĿŶ壬ķӦ
ƺûиоôֺͳԾǿˮһҡҡͷ˵ϲɰȻġ
չҪ˵ģѵһӲޣ
ˮЦſŶ塣
޲ˣҺĹϵൽĿܣ˲ֵĻܻܿһֱһ˵ϡ
˵ҲЦˡ
ˮҡҡͷû뵽ҲԱʱԱúѣ維ûŮǿ͹ˡ
˵ɣˮ֪ڿԼԼҪǸŮˣ֪ûнͲҪȥʱ˵Լ
ܣҸоϣ
忴ˮϤЦٴγ֡
ңˣѾӣмˡ
ˮ˵žЦˡ


864 ǰͨɽ;
ܳɻͦ磬檺ֻ´СͱŮ˹ͬӵһƺеѶȣ漣ɣĿԴ
Цеζ
ڻûȤ
ˮҡҡͷ˵ʵȻŮ˺ǱŮͼϵŮҲһҲѷɫ
ʵһʼˮͲΪŮͼϵŮʮһһ㣬ǣϾݴ½ޱȣ˿ڲ
ûٶ˵ʲôҲ˵οԼ޷ŮǰȻ
Ů֮䣬һһǰԱûʲôϷǶԷܣΪûϲԼǰԱˡ
ˮŮǰûʲôоٲԱΪûʲôͼıԿ̹̹
ˣˡ
ָԶ´Сһ˵
ˮжʮˣߣͷһȹ´С㣬㷢Ǹ߸һԸ߹
ٲҡ֮·һ̤նеĸо˸һ߹ӾһڹԽš
ǰԱŮˡ
׼ˡ
Ů˵
ţ׼ˡ
ˮЦ
ǾͰСˡ
´С˵
Ů˵ͷȻ˵Ǿˡ
ţСģһ·˳磬ء
Цˮ¼ҴС˵
лл
ŮЦŻһ
磬һȥȾơ
ˮŶӻ֡

ʮֻˮ¼ҴСˣʣµӣ¼Ů˵壬ʮ˿һʱ䡣
ʣµĶˣˮɫĸһ£ȫٶ۷ߡ
Щţʣµȫͷ
ÿ˶ǵһֻǰ¼Ů˵һֲתʱܵǼ轲Щʲô壬ֻΪ¼ʵС
ˮ֪˵ɼ״Ӳȫû£˭ӵӵԼΪȡӵĻᡣ
Ů˵һֻ𽣬ˮгԼĻ񣬻ھݴ½Ǻ𽣬Ҳл𽣬ͬһޣֻǸԵвͬ
۳𽣬˵Ƿ˵ĺᣬкз˵ѪֻԼĻﶼѷɫĽ𽣬ˮǸоԼĻ䡭
¼Ů˿ˮĻһ죬޲Ǻܶ࣬Ƚͨ飬ѱ𽿿ǲеġ
ʣµгŵͬҲǿӥ֮࣬϶óٶȺģ¹ҲҪٶȺ
ʮֻ޴ķŶȥǵأ׳ۣϾÿһֻ޶Ǻܴ˫չһƲʣ֮ľ룬ǵء
Ƕ񿤳ǣҲǶʤݵݳǣϾһҲֵò̫ˣѾߣͨɽҲ·̡
·ھϻǲģҲͨɽΣ֣ܺͳǳؽİţһξ뱣֤ǳصİȫ
һ·¼ҵ˷д򣬻ˮĻǲԼߣ¼Ů˵Ľ𽻹Ҫʤһ
˵óʱûٷʳʲôĵرɾеҲǱҪǿܶ࣬ǱʤҲй֮޲
ڵıʵѾﵽǧڲ˺ܶ࣬޶ˮ˵ǡ̿͡һɱԼҲǵɱ
վȺɱ̤ǿȥͨɽֻаǶ಻ɱľ̤ǿʱƺеǿˡ
ˮޣΪǿޣвһһǲһȺģֻĸĻ޵þ޿ġ
ܿ͵˿ǵĳǽĳǽݳǵĳǽҪߴ󡢼̣Ϊ˵ֿ޳ģ˵𼶱ϵ޾ܷУĻµޣɱҲɱޡ
߸ߵĳǽǿĻеֹǿڵ߶ǿĶǿ޵Ĺĥɵļ൱ǿ
ɳһƬ޴ֻмͨƬ޴˿ǵȻϣϧסеޡ
¼Ů˵ͷŶĿĵطУˮĻ棬ǽ𽱳ϵӰֻܸ̾ŮǿزǺûǻ
ˮеŮ˲ɷϵҪŮ˸ǿ󣬵ˮǱʶĻܿȥǸŮˣ֪Ϊʲô
ԼȻΪ˶ȴĶûɱԼѾˣˮȻоеǷͷҲص뿪ʱΪԼҲΪԼǵ
İ컵²ֱˣƶ˵ֲˮһ㣬ڸѣŬܿһеĸ𣬵޳컯Ūˡ
ˮڻϣûº˼ţһɾһ죬ȻҲҪͣϢһٷĻǺܴġ
һǣͨɽһκԶľл˭Ҳҿ϶ǲдׯĳЩʿ
ѾҪˣһտҰ⣬һͷһЩӲݰ߰ߣԶһʮ׸ߵʯ£رĸɾ࣬˱ȥϢĻѡ
Ȼʯȥһˮ¼ŮǽŲմص߹ȥģˮĸоŮʩչһϡ
ʯһǺܴƽʯ棬⻬࣬Ǵ㹻ˣվⲻǺܸߵϿԽΧһо۵ףǺԶĵطһĵˮĴ
ˮԼҲˮܿ죬ֻˮó˴ôҶһ㶡
Ҫ֪Ҷпռһ㻹ûݳ޵԰ôĴȥģ¼ŮͬҲǿĿռƷ
ԺпռǺҲǴſռֻǱȿռ߼ĿռƷ
ˣЪϢԷΧҰ޵ĻʹҰζԣҪԼĶ
ΧˮܴСȥ
ȥ
ÿˮ¼Ůʵ
ˮһ㶣û뵽ԷԼʵŮҲоеͻϾﻹΣգ˵ֻ뿪һ£ԼûбҪʵôɣο˻һЩ¡
ȥҵԵģûµģûʲôΣա
ˮе㲻ȻŮ˵
һȥɣ
Ů˽˵
ˮ֪ԷΣ˵ĲԼ
ã
ŲǺԶСȥ
¼ҵЩ˻Ӷһ㵣һοСһӵվһ𡭡
壬ȥ׼дԵġ
һΪ׵˵
ȥˣȥɣС㻹ûжء
Ȥ˵
ˮ¼ŮСǱȥϵݿߵĺʱڸԵϣûʲô
֮ǰڿǵʱǽӴΣʣ˵ʱǵһΡ
ˮҲ֪Ů˵ֻ֣֪¼ҵĴС㡣
ȥͨɽˣ
ˮһξʵһֱ˵Եеơ


865 ӵϬ񽣣
ǵʮˡ
Ů˵
Ƕ೤ʱȥͨɽһΣ
ˮʵ
Ҳȷһ󲿷ֶȥΣҲΣûй̶ʱ䣬øȥˣҲҪȥ
ŮЦЦ˵
ѾСӱˣСֻа׿ҲͰ峺ףˮ˰
Ϻ֮ܶ࣬ںеˮ峺ˮ봹һϳ㡢ˡ
ˮóͣ죬ȻڿҪˣ첢Ǻοóʹ˵ûܵöʹܵöϵġ
ˮͿ¼Ůˣʱ仹Σ
ðһûп˵ء
ŮƺȤĿˮе͡
һԡˮĵطȻˮֱӰ׽ȥ
СӣˮȻ֪͵ǿ󣬵ûʲôö峺ףһܿһУӦõʲô
˵ҲûдʲôǵЩϺѡ
ˣ
Ů˿ҧס㹳ĵ˵
ǵŮ˵Ϲֱܵˡ
˼
ŮǸˮ˵
ûʲô
ˮЦЦʾûʲô
һκ˳ĵһβ㣬Сһ£¼Ůһ߿ţûгȴβסЦ⡣
ƽʱæ˵ӺСʱͺæųڵ츳Ҫʱʱ䶼ϡ
һǿıȻܻôĿ졣
ƽʱϺ֮ĵûٳԣǵһôĿһ˵㣬о棬һԾԾԵĳ嶯
ˮûп¼Ůˣ΢ĸܵ¼Ů˵ĲҲܲµŮӦǳԹٿģⷬΪ˻ᣬԿǲܵ㾳磬æʱ䶼ûС
ⲻţ˭Լһӵɾҩϻϣʱõʹá
ֵͬβ㣬ֻһߴСзԼƴСϺˮŤͷ¼ŮڿԼ͡
ҪҪԣ
ˮЦ˵ŮԣֻǾŲڡ
ã
Ů˿ĵ˵
ӹˮĳͣˮ˵һʹ÷ſʼ
һʱޱȣˮκһοЦݣһĵЦݣŵŮЦŵ˷
ҵˣ
ŻһȻ
Ůβסϲ⣬һСӵϲһˮЦԱ߿ţ֪Լһʲô飬Ů˿Ҳܿģܼ򵥵֣һִֿݣһļˣ΢ЦʱҲЦ
ˮóһͰȻʼЩϺзʲôģ˴
ŮƺϲһֱˮʱŻعͷһͰЦЦ͵ݵظˮ
ѳͰŮߣһǳ͵һûеöϵС
ÿʲôطܵöĻˮʲôҲˣֱÿ춼ȥˡ
ʱ˳Щľʲôģصʱֱп㡢пϺз֮ࡣ
ˮ˵Լڳ϶⣬ͨϺַĿǰûм˭ܱԼĸóԣûЩԵҲһȤرڼΪԼϲŮ˻кһּĿֺܡ
˵ζƮʱЩϹŶ̲סӣȻŲԶڵ㡭
ǳԹ㲻ǰ⡰֡Ȼ㲻ҲֻϵȶѣζԼԹϵȵ໹Ҫ㡣
ʮˣÿ˶Դһײ;ߣһֱ㵽һֵˮһͰ㡢Ϻʲôֱӳ˸ɾ
¼ŮҲһһȻôгԵٵģ֪һԼǳԵһΣһδĸо
ͷⱲӳԵõһΣһͨɽҲûʲôźˡ
һߺһĵ˵
壬ϻᣬԺеǻᣬɲб뷨
һһӹŹֵĿ˵
СӣͷӻϲԣʲôעһȥѾͷ˵ȥ
Ȼһס
˼䶥ζˣʤ֣ҳԹζҲ٣ͨβȻԳԳζЩպ˱ǹʺ
һԵһ߸п˵
ϰˣԷأܲ㡣
ȿȡ
¼Ů˾ˮԣҲֻµˣûκ뷨ܵվһ𣬵ڱһֻ档
Ϊܶ˷վһȻܺг˵ܰ䣬ָоϵģ˳ȣ̲һֿµ˵ĸо
극컹磬ͷʮֱӴյһ죬Ǻֵܡսѡ飬һźܺõĬ֮ĸֵ֮顣
һ˵Ļ
¼ŮѾˣˮ˵ͽɾ
ֻзųޡ
ʱǰõϢ
֮ѾǴɣչỹСɣҾһңԶľ룬ʵÿ춼ڿٵӣȴҪõĻۣÿһֹҪʱı֤ˮʮ֣ûɾĻҲݳ޵
ǧն
ѾͻƵ˴ɾ磬˫ֻӳ˫޲𹥻Ӱǧնľ˴ӡֻһУһɢиĺôǧնܺȡ
˴ӡļУãԶԷǿˣǧնɢԸԼʵˣرǶԷԼˣǧնûá
еӰܹԷҪλá
ǧ
չᣡ


ΰ̬ͼ
ڶˮĺ磬ȻСӣҪﳿûе轣һξ뿴ںӴ轣Ůˡ
һɫķȹˮ֪ѾһףΪ鶯Ϣһ
ŮһѽɫĳˮԾĽɫϹתһǿҵ鶯֮·⽣ͨһ
Ϭ񽣣
ȻǡϬ񽣡ˮһۿѽʧ˵Ȼʶıȼ׼ȷһѽˮõġ
ֲŮ˿Դ¼Ⱥǰͨɽ⡰Ϭ񽣡ǹû
Ϭ񽣺ˮʶϬ񽣲һʶϬֻߴ糤УϬҪʱһ⣬סˣɱС
˾ݴ½ʶĶֻһοϾ̤ʵصһвʵġ
ʱŮеĳˮȥ磬ٶޱȣһˮƤһɫһȻպñܿһ
ŮһӰסϬٴˮȥÿһһ˵ɣ·һ㡣
Ϭ


866 ͨɽ֮ǿ
ԼĽˮٶᵽ۷壬ǿںֲϽϵľģˮٶϻǺǿġ
Ů˵Ĳ϶һֻȴѸٵţĽԽԽ죬ˮѾӦҪ֧ŵĻ뻹֡
ʲôĲã˵˲˵ʺд衣
óǽֱԻԿڽľϣˮûм˭Լտ˵д裬˵д轣
Ϊ˫ûʹȫǵ㵽ΪֹȻ򵥵ȴֱӣûлĶˮڵľҲǹӼ࣬һĴ˺ļ򵥡
һ֣Ů˲ŷӾȻôߵĽ磬ٶȣŷĶǶģաл
׻ʲôʵΣ
ŮƺԼ̫ˣôʲôȴ̲ס룬ԼҲ֪Ϊʲôǵ֪ԷôЩ⾳ġ
ŮҲˮĽŵŮ˵ĲŮƺ֪عʱϬ񽣻ˮļ
ˮΪԼѽŵ۾ϣˣҲû뵽ôЧȻֻǼ򵥵д衣
÷ֱ޼᲻ݡ
ˮżϵ˿ڣѪעôҲû뵽ΪûзԱŮ˺׵Ĵˡ
ˮģеŹ֣ܿѪȾ۰Ůһæ˵˼Բ𡣡
Ů˾Ȼ߹סˮֱóҩ͵棬Ů˿ˮоһɵ㴫ܺţŵζ
û£û㿪
ˮɫһֱۡ
ĶԲ𣡡
ŮϺ棬ҲǸ⡣
дģû£ȥ˿ڡ
ˮЦЦɵ˵
Ҹ°ɡ
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Ůͨվظˮͨɽ̽ʱоһͨɽǲϴΣõǵõϬ񽣣ʥʥԼһЩ浤ҩ˼ʯ
һǵõͨҲǴˣԵĴգĵرʵ̫ѵˣĺΪУ˵ⱾԼõģԼ֪Ϊʲôʹľ͵ݸ˶Է
һԾѷɫһ㣬Ůӻ񣬹Ҳѷɫܶ࣬켶ǣΨͨǺöΪݣԼһ·ܸоƽ֣ŶԷΪģҧҧԻǸο˿ƺأҲҲһξ޴ĻԵ
ԽԽƣֺǰ˷ܵȣѪ
ˮû뵽Ů˻˷ŽɾĵڰŮͼһŰ˼ʯһؼ۷սŮԼͨݡ
Űá
ŮȻƣǿĵĵݸˮˣ̸ϲҲᣬֻźǿҵĺ档
Ҳܰ׼ôˣЩ޼۵ģҸ㻻ɡ
ˮûȥŮ˵ͨݣϲǷ˵ġ
ֻҪӦȥͨɽĵطЩ͵Ӧıòã
ŮЦ˵


870 ǿġһ
ˮĬûпŮӣѾˣȥо޷ܡ
㿴Ѿҵһ꣬ѵ𣿡
Ůü΢üʱҲһϡ
ٻҪһꡣ
ˮЦſŮˡ
㿴ҵһ꣬ҿǲǻ󣿡
Ů˰οˮ
֪Ů˵ֻԼȥͨɽ뷨ôѾĺˡ
лл㣬Ҳµġ
ˮûȥͨݣǰеġһʯݹȥ
ʲô˼㣬ŰɣҲȥֻҪ㲻Ǹ嶯ˡ
Ů̾ǰһͨˮȥ
ˮԥһ°ѶɾųڵŮվڶڣˮôҲûзһ˵ȥĵطҲ˵׼ͨݡ
£㶫
ˮæסЩ̫ˣõĻܲˣҪһЩԼоҪǷģ˵ҪǷôࡣ
Ů˿ˮЦˣˣôһ·ô˵Ҳǰˣ͵ΰġ
ҪǲҪҾͰѶ㡣
ˮŮ˵
һ仰Ůֻܵͷ
ˮǰһ׼ֱӶŮһռ棬㻹㿴ɣһֽţ;ʲôĶдõġ
õģû⣡
Ů˰ѿռȻ֪ʲôо޷ĶȣˮԼ㿴
ȥʱҲ̫ˣԶХˮŮˣѰѸХϣˮ죬ΪɽУ̫ƺر磬ΧǸɽɽгʱ䶼С
ȸϵʱҶˣһֻոȥҰɽȻΣգ˵ûһҰޣѹ£һҰ޷Ӱ죬ѹֶԽܿԽܸܵ˵ѹһε
ܶΣյĵطǵͼ޺Ұռ͵ģȴģΪ͸޷ȥ
Ѿϰˣˮÿ춼һΣڼɽȡЩͨϣЩϹﶼϲˣ˵ĺˮûȣѾеĶζ
⣬ۡζɿڡ⣬ɫƣװ룬ãʿڣζ㣬ʮ
һɽƽ̨Ұܺãû˵վоرã񣬳극˿ʼʱȿ˭ѰĶࡣ
ˮصʱѾˣɾ
һɾɾϵĵڰŮͼһչģŮӵĿĮĿˮ
̾ˮȻڡ׳ɽϣŮͼ໥ӳģһʱˮԻ˫ۡ
ʯ˼ʯıʵϽһҲѷɫϽҪǸܣȻʯʹĲˡ
ϧԼѾ˺ڱʯҲûǶʯҲʶ֮ʱǶ˰ɣ
ˮǱؼ۷սһսĵȼûƫһܰѡɳǲῴսĵȼġ
սֺսս˵սսսʹ˵սһؼսһȼһ˳Ϊ񼼣ǿ߳Ϊߡ
սÿȼַַ졢ءĸ׶Σߣͣһڽ似ʹ˵֮䣬Ǻģ˵ʵ似켶ս
ΪеһЩսе⣬оսҪǿ٣ԶԶ紫˵ģԲһЩ˰λؼҲǱˡ
ˮ򿪡һһ۾ϲ֣һֻһʽҲ˵ſһֻһд
ˮϸһУһˮֲͬ͸оһдое㲻ѰһȴǷе
һʲôⴸ֣һʽеˮеĺһѡǼɱǿĴ
ȴһ㲻ͬˮһԾľĳȥǱʶϢҲʼ΢ı仯
ͻȻˮȭ΢̤Ȼȭͷҳһȭرı׾Ǵر𺳵ĸо
ϵĸоرıĸо
һ
ԭ
ʱˮ˷ܣΪһȭƺѴԼĺһѡɽںһ𣬵ڵںϵĺ٣ʹƺ𵥶һٶɵ
ôǿ󣿡
ˮֱţһԼֱ൱һĴڣֻ΢ںϾǿ󣬱ôʱϽҪǿ
ˮе㲻̫ףϽչоϽƺֹԭģǱľ޵ģ֪ԼϵС
ڵĴһȴǶڵԼ˵ֱǾúĸ¶ˮ·߻ħһͣ
һУͣķˮȭĶԽԽ죬ƺҲڻȻʼͬǶȳȭ
ˮ֪ԼȭĴţˮĸоУƺͣһ˼ĸоͣһͣоҪѪһ
Ҳ֪˶ʱ䣬ˮͣͷ·һǿҵĻȼһȻֱڵϣ˯ȥķѹȣǰľȻͼûйϣѾﵽıԵ
ȵˮʱҲ֪˶ʱ䣬ڻָˣǰԾָʱڶԵУѡϢž޴ĺô
վȻȻȭȻʱȭͷȻ׾ȴָоɶ칤һ
׾
ˮȥĸоǰֻоеѪҺ˲һ㣬޴Ȼһ̸оʹľһ
һ
ֻһƺرķѾкķҪһСֹƺе㼦ߣҲԭ޷Ϊ˵սɣ
ҩ͹ʲôʱսݾڵˮһˮƽʱɣǱ壬ȫʵɡ
ǰǶȴʤƶ״̬½˵һǧҲڶ̶̵ʱڰѿһһľ硣
ЩԵģںö
ˮɾʱ򣬶һеһŮڷϵĶкöණңйкܶ൤ҩʲôģҶޱȣرеһЩ浤顭
˭Ů뵽˳˼˾֪ĻẦˣȴȻ̲סȥ֪Լĺġ
Ů˸оԼǰûָо˵һ˺棬Ǳ˵Ҳû֪Ϊʲô
ҲԼͬһˣҲܽӽԭ򡭡
ŮҡҡͷЩЩļֵͨݵļֵѾܶ࣬رǼӣԼ˵̫Ҫˡ
뵽ָԼʱӣЦˣ


871 һŮʥ
ˮٿͨݣⶫڶˮ˵൱ĻͿԳһǿͶǿˣֻһ꣬ˮڲֻеһ֣ʮʮˮȥðһԡ
ͻȻˮоĿеʹһֵĸоָо˵Դʵǿһûгֹ

ˮоĿʹʱԶݵĻһŮѾ۾СѾͷŵһʱŮܿ˯ˡ
ſĵЦЦ˯
кŮûʲôҪˮĺӣĺԻرϧ˵ͲϧҪǸо̫ˡ
׺¡¡¸¥ȶ˯ˣСѾͷҲֻ۾ãĿΧʹĿ˼Ҳ˯ˡ
ǰĺӳ㿴СѾͷ۷۵һ㣬Ư
׺Ц¸¥˵
Ҳ˵˵ɣˮĺôء
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һƻһĵطȻһֲ̫ʵĸоˮ࣬ˮ֣ˮĵЩر
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ӺڣҲӵϢӰ죬󲿷ҲǺӵʣʥأһɫŮˡ
ʱϾˣˣ˲̫࣬˸ǾӢһھݴ½ߣȴǺ֪ܶĴڡ
嶥۵һ޴̨ѩ׵ľӨ̨󣬵ƣɢһص
һε̨ʱ䣬Ǳŵӵʵﵽ۷ľͿԲμӣֻҪ̨ɹһ
һ˳һתĹȻ˵
εĴΣİһ˵ĳˡ
˭ûгɹأ
иŮɻʵ
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˵ɨ˴һۡ
һţ

۳ʦվڲǺԶĵط۳һ;ޱȣǿߺö࣬ԼѾˣֻͨһԱ
ǷΪʮ֧ģ۳ʦһ֧ʮ֧ʮ֧ģ˾Ϊʱ̱ǿԶɸĵĹأ̨ѡãʺϵõеˡ
ֻоܱ֤ÿһλģȥˣرˣһֱûб䣬ΪһɫŮˣҪ˳
ôĺܶŮ˽ӣȻѾˣʲôĻЩҲǲԹ۵ģ˸һļˣԼ޵ﶼźܴرǵˡ
ȥŮӴ󲿷ֶò绨ֻһȥһ̨ûκηӦʥأ̨Ҳǰ꿪һΣƽʱȥԵĻᶼûС
ÿֻܵõһεУÿһҪʱ䣬پҪ˵ˡ
һٶʮһţ
۳еӣΪܿͻ˵õУһֱһٶʮһŻûܳɹ
һʮţһţôںֻȴָо̨ر
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еŮһϮ£òޣվ̨ʱһ΢İ׹𣬳һʱͣ
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иŮƺܲԸ˵
ʦȻôʵȴǺǿģܵõУ౳ˡ
һԵŮǳЦ˵
ϣи˸ǹ
ʣµԽԽˣѰ

Ѿ˷ˣϾǰ˶һ㶯ҲûУȻǸŮ˼
Ȼûһ㷴Ӧ
һʮ˺ţ
һȥŮͿԴһ㣬һŮӣĵĺŮ˳ΪĶԱȡ
ˮŮˣ˶ûкɫ
˵Ҫˣѡʲô˵꾫ҪѡϵĻϹˡ
Ǹ˸˵Ϲֻ̨ۣ˸ĹâһǰŮס졣
ûۻɣ
ûۻĽʦӺʣһοϵĶˣҫĹâʦҪǿü
һǸŮһ֧˵ӡ
ĻǰǸŮӷ·𱻴һ⡣
Ľ㲻˳óƯʸǹˡ

ҲԽԽ࣬ͲԼǸŮ
һ߾ۼļٸŮУһŲмζЦݣһͬĵŮ˲м˵ЩʵҸҪһĽҪûǮ˵ƽʱô˵
ƽʱ⣬ô˵Ǻء
иŮ˳Ц
˫޹ʦүûнƲˣΪǣڮǡ
Ľ㵱һҪúõĴѹǡ

һʮţ
һʮĺţ
ںܶ˻ѾȷǸŮˡ
һʮţ
۳ĺţʦͷ̨ȥо̨ƺٻԼ
ǼʦΨһӰ
иŮ˿۳߳ĵ˵
ǰŮ٣ܸоġ
һųŮĽ˵
ھϣܳΪ
һֱû˵һ꼶΢һŮ˵
ƯһʺϣҲϣҸо˭ǸҪá
һľģЩǺǸŮ˲ϡ
۳ߵĲ죬ǳϢΧ˶һֲĸо˵ϼʣΪѾǼʵķΧĽеģǺޣ̸ϡ
һˣһεҲ۷ŲʵĿŵ۳һǡ
۳ߵ̨ϣ̨ûκηӦһˣȻа˳ɵϣŮܳΪһε
һʱ̨ȻûзӦ˶ܰܶ˶ţֻǵ۳ûзӦתҪȥ
Զ̲ס̾ƺоرʧ
ڵ۳һֻѾ̨ʱ̨ȴͻȻʢһҫ۵Ĺâֱӽ۳С


872 У۳
ͻȻΧ˲ͣǿҵĹΣԽǿ˵ԽãʺԺĳɾҲǿ
۳ڹ֮УʶһӴտ̨д뵽壬̨ʵǵõһʸĴв
ֻ̨ͨҲǳֹΣֻгֹκܵõУֵĹԽǿұʾԽʺϡ
˭Ҳ뵽۳ȻԴ̨еõҺǿΪЩѾֵ۳ʵѾڷӡ
Ȼӵĺܿ죬ȴǲ˸о񱩣һֱ뵽Уһ³װǾˡ
̨ıֻǲܶѣһûܴõ
ʵĹżмأ˵̨ǸһõĺôлҪǿ
۳ڲ֪ʲô飬ֻоԼʵڷٵķչԼڶûи֪Խʵ̫ˡ
տʼеңΪ֮˶֪ʵ첻Ǻ£¥ؼҪʵÿһҲҪãܽ¥ĸߡ
ܿͷرȻȴǺգ˳ˮֱתеĸţıһС
ҪҪκ飬ио龰ֻܸо׹֮ž޴
ϼȾϲһǿϲ޽ѾûжʱɻˣȻһȻ˽ӹΪһεܲģЩϰȻģׯ¡ʵһж֮ѡΪҪסˣҪ޿ޡ
Ȼʥǿ󣬵ͬҲźһǿԲܸǣǺ⻼ʵԶڡ
ʱһĹȥҲǵ۳ʦ̨еͽܣҲһģȴһ˵ĸоƺеԲ۳һ뵽Ժ·Ҫǿʵˡ
һֱһʱ䣬βſʼȥ۳Ӱ̶̵һʱ۳ٴγǰʱ˶ˡ
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ą̇̄ԭϢһĸоɣΪûɣ·ɡ
۳ĵһپʮ˴
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۳ĿĿǸŮӣǰΧϢĴУǵ֪Ǵʲô
һֵĸоת֮ǿԼо·Դһˣһǿĸо
ʵѾ߱ǿֻϤ˵ŶѣһȥƽĿ⣬ǵڱ˿˫۾ǸŮ˿ú£·оԼûд·һ
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յͨ鱦ֻǻյĽڴﵽ˵弶Ƽ
ڵĻյѾǿޱˣˮһΪһһɣǾԽԽӵȴǿޱȡ
ºˣ޺ͻʵϧվûʲô仯޺ͻɱһԺյľҪʱ
ͨ鱦ƺҪķҪϲ٣Чǿˮκܶ࣬ʱЩΪǿĴڡ
ڶ죬ˮú磬Ȼϰڱ˿ȭ̫ȭˮѳԽˡⲻȭľ磬Ļɽ׶Σÿһȭȴָо˳ԾүĻһһΪָо⾳һֱҪ׷ġ
ˮͷŮڲԶʵһˮ֪ˣֻǲûͣһֱ
Ůƺкܶණ˵û˵һˮЦԺòá
ˮĶźܶϣǰдֽϣЩҲ޼۵ˡ
ҿš
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ãģҾҵģóԵĻЦԼԣóҲ
Ů˵
Ů˾Ȼ˵һɰĻ
ˮ˵ģû취ЩϲԣοЩ˻ھǴлŮ˰ɡ
ŮҲҪԷҲϲԺóԵģʳɫҲˣԷҪ飬ûгԷҪʲôˡ
ŮҲǣõϣŮĶܲһԼԼӺóԣˮϺܶ࣬ɾл˺ֶܶ࣬ʹʡԹŮʹúܶꡣ
극Ҽ·ȻˮŮһ飬ȥ
ºѾ뵽ﴦõĶ٣αܿ͵ȺĿǿܿѾеǿˣŮ˵Լ֮Ⱥ̫ĻֻܴˣǶ㲻ģԺΣգһҪռƣȻΣա


873 䣬ƽޣǿŮ
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ˮȥڶˣѾǲڷֿȥѰǾһѰңÿһжȰΧĻ׸Ѿ뵽ĵط
󲿷ֵġѰѾŮŮȴٴгʮֻ䡱ˮ˺һᡣ
Ҳ̽·䡣СֻĴָСͨҰףӲʯж磬ûйΪӽǡ
һ̽ߵֻܱ̫ܿΣգԱܿΣգΪǰ֪һΧڵķ紵ݶ
ûйٶȿ죬Сһ޸ṥһЩٵСޡʲôĸԲŮ˴ŴɽҹգʱѰı䷽һѰһ߶һЩǿޡ
ˮҲǶŮе棬ļŮʮֻıѰʮֻ䣬гЩȻսÿһֻǼֵǵĴڡ
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Ů˵һȻͷѰɽȥˮæϣﶼǴʮֵľˮҲǲ˿⡣
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·һȺһĵشɽУһƬʶޣʶֻһײٶҲһ㣬Ȼһξ湻Ǻһġ
ˮл׽˼ֻӵɾеĶɾĴκֲˮҲԣˮҲԣʲôģʶҲĶޡ
ѰһֱɽֻѰɽһʯϲϵײһ¶һڵĶĹâ

˶ˣɽϾȻһƺҲ̫ˣϵĥľ֡
һ򲻱׼ٶϣرһĻҲˣҲ
ŮóϬ񽣣˼Σηÿεǿһ㻮ۣҪֽǲˣܶȴҲǵľԳܵģпռĿռװ¡
߸оܿϧͻȻԶվŵˮ߹ȥܴ̫ܲϧˡ
ԣ
ˮ룬ɾҲܣԼľ֪ܲܣܲų⣬ԻҪԣϾġСһŮ˵ĿռԹˣľӦôﲻ
ˮĽ˫ָ棬һǿҲզֻ࣬ƾ֪һĶ
ʶеͼҲǿתһֱţһȻʹĻĿûзӦ˺һ˰һʯͷȫȥᣬûаоرܣ嶼ˣļӴˣ˵ǡ񡱾޴ʯһʧǰˮõһľʱ޴Ҳͼľ޴ЧΪһ˲ͼƽʱҪܶࡣ
ˮߴҲǺܿģܱﶪźãŮЦſˮȻߵСԴѰܵı۾Ȼ۾Ѹٵɽȥ
һջҲǹˣôֵ޿ɹƣﲻܳʱͣԼһҲ޷ŪߣˮҲǺ飬οŮлһоԼȻûҪͨݣԼõĶֵԳͨݡ
ΪҲѱʦ
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ֻһɽŮͣɫȻĿˣȻ󻺻˵ɽŲıɽϳ
һִ˵֮Ѫޣ͵޲ֻ࣬ҪСһЩ񱩶ȺͿѪеһƴʵ۷壬ʵǣ߾Ͳ̫ˣ޾ֻּǿıࡣ
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ϵԶĴȺҲˣȺʱ˸ĻţѪӥգӴ˸о䡣
޵ĳѾ˲²⵽ȺݾѪӥա
ѪӥպѪͺӥ࣬ʵ߼һΣֻĿԴﵽ۷ֻһֻĸʣҲʮ״СóٶȣиأۻѪӷֻҪѪʲôҪȥʳ
Ѫӥͨ尵ɫһӥͷֻܼİ߳ݣؾϡ
Ů˿ΧûлţԶɽһݽȥһռ䣬һǳǳɽһɽʯ쳣Ӳܶȳߣɽ޴󣬾ѪӥҲȥɽײϾǲ;޴ޣǵʵ޷ɽ
ˮʶɽܱײǾݴ½
վǸġڡɽбԲõı湥վȣɽµľ޴ĺ
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ˮŲıޣҲ̲ס﷢ëɫ޴ʨһʮ״С޴Դʨͷ޴ݣһŨҵѪζ
ʮ׸ߣ޴׳֫Ƿצӷ˺һС
ı޿񱼣˵ľ죬Ǽ·ֱӴ˵Ŀڣɽȴû˿
ˮɽ᲻ᵹ뵽¶ֻɽ¸ۼѣɼɽʯôļӲι̣ǿµܶȣϧʯͷûа취ڶ졣
ŮϬ񽣣ü΢һǰֻƽޣ⼸ҲгԼޣֻһֻҲ̫ۣ޷Ů˵ĻƽޱȽϡ
ƽҲһֲǳޣδСͱ޲࣬߹ţ޵ǿǹϬߣ޴ղһ֮һΪ˷սǵķٶȺֱ˺ҧצǿ
ֱʣŮÿһγֶǴֱʡˮվгȻлڻյԭ򣬻Ĺһξ޴ͻơ
ЩǷĹλ⣬ḹܵУ޲ʮֻҲޡ
ıʵһǣѾǾǧ࿤״̬һʵڷ¡桱ٴηﵽǵĹ
˻յڹϿԴﵽǰ뽫ǣгѪӥպͱޣѪӥպͻʵܶ࣬ʤۼӶԣѪǿµ
޵ʵ󲿷ֶҪȫ״̬ѷɫһ㣬Ҳкٵıʵᳬ
ȻˮߵʵЩޡѪӥҪ߲٣˫ȭѵ֣úҰܲס˶࣬һСпȫΪеĺ͵ϵ޲һǿ޾ˡ
ʱŮгּž忨ƬֱͶڼֻƽޡϣмţԼһţ˳ˮҲһš
ʱˮ֪⾧忨ƬЧǡǿƻԷ׵ģùϬҲһ뵽¼ʦ塣
¼Һǿ
ˮĸо
ķֻܳһӵʱ䣬ȴǾ޴ģǿĵֱɱѪӥա
ǵϵıҲǽסգεֱӿʮֻϧֹĺܴ󣬶ҷ״̬һӣ˵ȥɾָҲҪһЩҩżҪʳ
ο磬ֻҪڱ޴䡢ƺ󣬲öʱͻ
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ˮһסȴϰ£Ϊ˭Ҳ֪жֻޣºǿޡ
ͨɽʱֻǿһҲ֣ϱҲǵùȻѪսˣҲǲɱǿֻǲ᳷˵ġ
죬ϿеѪӥյļԵúܻң˿ֻš
ϺܶѪӥպͱ޵ʬ壬ʬܿͱѪӥɵǿɲ˭ʬ壬ֻҪѪǻҲ⵽ǵĹѪ
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ϵʩչſһɾϰִȻûˬʵս
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رˮĶܻŮ˳ԾֲֿĿܻܶ·һɽҲƵһÿһζܻܼܽı޴ˣճһ޴Ŀյأ׵ֻ޸ֱӴñѵ
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ĵκãһ򵱹Ī֣ȻҲסӴѪӥȺһӺ״̬ͻʧʱͻ½һ룬ȻѪӥ˵ģڵϵı޾ͱûûʲôɱˡ
ܿһӾҪˣһҵսǾ޴ġ
ˮ϶һ£һͷȺпѪӥա
ڷɿתţѪӥȻֲʵҪͣɱֻҪܵɽУЩͻ᲻Ϊǡ
˵ҪЩޣѵ赲ˣԼһҲܷ뿪ΪҲܷɣȻó̾ҲǷǳģһڿбЩûһ㡣
ˮһߴһĿŮˡ
ûбİ취ĪһҪЩȫɱ𣿡
ˮûͣеĶ˵
ǵġɱȻһǲ˵ġ
ŮҲûͣͷһˮ˵
ǵġ
ˮһʱûת䡣
ⱩеߣֻҪɱǳˡ
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վʱһ̤սУշħѾûʲô˼ͣʩչçײսͽͻ
ɣٶȲͣɱ¾ΧıޣڿУֻɱеѪӥա
ˮü޵ߣòҲں棬Լǰȥ뿪ﲻḹܵУҲṥԼˮûǸա
һԣ뷨ŭǸⱩ޺ߣȻľ군ˡ
ˮҧҧ촽һ
ܻܻ
ɨǧ
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ˮľ̤ʵҪȽվʩչǿһЩ˲ıڳһƬյأˮó壬ŴƬı޾һҵҡΡ
ǺҲģ໹ûãĺÿԳסõ޾Ͳˡ
˲䳡ˮʼžй
һΧȫסˣΪڳ˴ңֱʮֻʮֻܣҪĻвʮֻңĹߵıޡ
⣬ʮֻȫסһʱȻʱ뽩ֵľ棬ñ޽״̬Ҳ֣ΪңϬƺһʱսõһЩԲܽ֡
ϧǿҵǵҲ֣ѱ䣬Ҳˮָӣǹпߵ˻ޡ
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żмѱʦĿǣ壬ר޵ģڿǿޱȣѱʦļֻޣ治ɱġ
¼ҲǴĿˮǶǺܿͻָˣƺŸоСڣƺҲѷɫ١
ľһΣǽֱҪһʱ䣬žһʱ䣬ʱˮһߴһʱս
ʮֻҵı޵Ҳܶһʱ䣬οʮֻܣӴȺгһ粨һ
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һҡ
ǰĳٴγ֣һƺЧһθǿ󣬾ľѾǵ߲㣬硣
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壬ڲʮֻޣֲǣɵļĿ꾪ܣɵļʽ״̬ΧһĿ꣬һɵļֱĿ޵ȼһЩ޻ή;ĳɹʡ
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ǰһʩչôΣԳɹʻƫͣһαһεЧ˲һԳһӾ׳˲١
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Զһɽϣˮ˱Ӱ
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Ѿ׼ŭˣܿͻ㲻ҪȥΣա
Ů˵
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875 ׻ɱ
ˮŮ˲ȻɫæƲͷȥŽգԳЦЦŮǰûԿȻǱŮˣʱʵһҪռУǲܿƣŮ˵ħ
Ů˺ָܿ뵽ǰ̲סò˼Լǹ֣֪ô룬᲻Լɡ뵽Щ͸оһƬ
ܿ͸оԼΪʲôᵣ뷨һʱĲ֪롣
ҵıٴαɱɾˮһλʹþʱɽϵǵ޴ĻӰȻĿ꾹Ȼˮ
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޴޲ǷУƺ죬ÿһԾǼÿһζס
ˮ۾ĶţͬߵŮ˻Щ¼ҵҲǶֻǶһǿߣֻܸܵ޴ıĿֲ
ʱ䲻ȥ˭ҲסοǰѾԶԼǿ޺ļ¡
ˮƽָоĬĬļţڵȣٶȺܿ죬ˮоԼٶϻв硣
ͻȻˮϵ콵Ѹٴ
뱾Ǵ򲻵ģǱڱУԸպôﵽͬʱˮĻ֮ͻ۽ҲѸٴ
ʱûбҪοΧҲֻܿԼѣͬһʱվһշħҲű
ŭĿ
ˮʹԷʵûȥ㣬г޼ͬʱӰ
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ʱˮȥﵽһһ׻˲佫޴ı˰գʱˮ꺮ȻҪˮھ뱩ֻʮײľ롣
ˮ֮ԳȥǺ޵׻ʱ䣬оԶĻ޸ţԴһ˲ɡ
Ŵ綾꺮Ǳž޴飬ֻطҪǿֱӹൽУ˺
ˮҪһɱʱ䲻һ̳ˣ̶һ˲䣬ˮѾʮΣñܿҪǻףԶǺԶĵط˽ӦԼ
Զͣʹ׻Ǳ׻䵽Ѫӥֱӱɱĸ߹ϱʵԼյǿá
ˮصԭĵطʱ޴ıŷһĲҽУ˫Ϲ꺮ž綾Ľ뵽Դ

޴ĺʹԭزͣķһߵ޳꣬⣬ʵ⣬ֱӱɱһƬ
׻
޵׻ϵڱϣ϶Ѹٵķܿ㵹ȥ
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֧ڽ׳󣬼ɱҪǵѾȥܵԽԽ࣬еѪӥƺԸȥŵϵʬ巢
ˮʯһ壬ֱӱܶʯˮЩʯзɣʵ죬ÿһžͻǸʯѸټȥһֻѪӥյ
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˵׻ļһ׻ʱȣ
ˮ¼ҵ˸ŮѸٵɽд󣬺ܿһͨһεɽǰս˰Ҷˡ
ȥֱӽþʯס
޵̲ˣһ¿ʯͷʲôĸȥײʲôģסڣֻһЩսŮ˺ܿóŹʯڶڵļ䡣ȻĴмֱڲԶǽֱ濿ǽ̸
ˮҲĴţܿͳˣ˴кͽȥˣҪʱϲڵˡ
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ˮֱɱԭģΪһȺ޼ǲܱѱģּ̫СˣرǿѱϿԺˡ
ҲԭˮɱȻܷŵʱ̫ˮææľͽɾ
һᣬɾɾǺܳʱ䣬ʬʱԽԽãһȥֱӽ⣬¯Ǳʬ
һžſʼƣᳵ·ҪעĵطʵԼˮо⡣
¯ڻСϵĹҲǲϵ˸ţͼȻǲϵĴһ˿ԼԼ޺ׯء
ˮ˫ڻ¯Ĵͨǧӡķʽϵע뵽¯Уƺһɺϡ
ΪһʼһֳһһֱĽķԼҲǿҲͻ¯ԼԼڵġйϵ
¯ԽԽСֹӵĹȴԽԽʢͼҲԽԽĻָƽС
Ϥˮ֪ɹˣÿһһּ飬һҲһԵɹûж̾¯пȥ
Ԫ飡
һ۾ͿϤ޾ɫȭͷСɢ񱩵ʵˮڴľ⾫Ԫˡ
ž忨ͼǱӰ
渽ǡ񱩡ʹúһĿ֮
ˮоһεĸеģ˾ԪģˣⶫļֵԼеľԪǿһ
ЩȻɾϾǰ죬ҲϢһ£߳ее档
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ʱڿһһóһЩĩڶڣֹɽڵϢƮ棬ܳʮʱ
һսҲǳЩ߲Сˮرġޡǻ׻ˮĹĲ
˾һɱߣʵǻ֪ˮɱʱʹսѾȷˮʵ


876 ӵŮˣ˼
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ĿռжһξҪռĿռ䣬ŮȻŵˮߣСڵĳţš
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˶Ǵڵĳԣ˼ΨŮ˲ŲæȻǰͨʳʱ˵㣬ôţ̲סԣΪҲһܣɫɲͰɡ
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ˮԺǿооĿǰˡ
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ô⡢ʲôģԵĸɸɾͷȥϴ룬ԾƾšϡҲ˼˵ǰԼûпϵʸΪ˲¼ˡ
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һʱ䣬ˮҡҡͷ̾С㲻ţһߺˡ
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Σգ
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֪ΪҺãֻ㲻ðգģʹеҲġ
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ŮڿЦһ£֪Լʲô飬һٵı˺ӣԼȻǰû
Լ֪ΪʲôѵֻΪ𣿶ԼչʲôʲôɣڵԭΪԼ
ìܣһĲҺǿӣ𿤳ǵǰڼŵ̫̫ˡ
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һΣرǰУ˺ܶ࣬ܶ࣬ľֻƺԼû׽˼
˾ǰߵǱ£ܶʶ´СΪ٣ܺ˵仰˷ܺü졭
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Ȼ֪˵һУ֪Լܺվһ̨ף뷨һ£ƺû㡭
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Ů˿ΧûȥˮԼ뷨
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ˮЦ˵ƭҲǣ뿪󻹲֪ʲôʱأټ׺ɣҲԼ˭ǵˡ
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ˮʵܿĵģ׷ԼӵҲкøУҲͲôΪˣȴֵΪˡ
һȥܣиܵļɣʤݾΪѰͨݣݵˣҲöʤˡ
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ˮƺʲôֻҲţ˵Ů˽ӴЩӻϳĺദԷһģö׶ԱŮŻϲԼ
ôϲһ˹ҲȵԼˡ
ˮ˵Ȼû˵͵ԼԼˣΪ뵽ŮһסԼ֡
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ҽˮġ
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ͨɽʱпΣա
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ŮˮĻҲһΪˮ˵ǰǣܿףֻһŮǾ̫ˣԼ뵽ֻǱʶĲȥѡ
ܿ뵽Լ뷨ѣûжԼ뷨һܾԼһ뵽˵ζ
һֱϲǸŮ˲ûǸŮԼ̾ģԼǸǸŮ˺ԼģԼоҲ
ŮǹִģԽŮԽǹִ
Ҳǣο׼ģоԼǺԵģʲôϻֱܷԼ׼˾Ҫȡһ£οֲһҪ޸


877 ˣڣɱ
ɽţʱĻᾪһȺССҰ֮࣬һûʲô˵
ˮԼûлŮ˵Ů໰˵ڣȻôҲôֱӡ
ʵεʱŮ֮ûκһľ飬ʵĲ֪ôԣԼڣŷһЩ֣ڿЧôá
ʱϲһ˺ܼ򵥣һҲܼ򵥣ʱȴǰһ˺ѣŬһ޷н仨ˮ̫ˡ
ĻҲˮ˵ȥƶûŰɣ
Щӣ򲻴Ůû϶˵ˮһЩɵػһЩˮ򵥵
Ů˵мɣ֪ʲô˵ʲô˵ʲôʣʲôԲʣҲ˵һЩԼ˽ˮҲˮ˽һ
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Ů˱߱˵ˮţ˿ǰ䡣
Ůӵ߱ˮҲʲôķٻϿҪˮһˣ޳ɢ˷Ϣ
ˮҲ⣬ұȲ¼ңȻ¼һȦеģֻǶеǿ񶭼ѾǷˣϾôжǾǵʵǲڽҵģûʵͲҪĸᱻۡ
ʵǿ󣬿ϧ˶ˣʵԺ¼Ĵ޷ȣͬٵļ岢һҪ۸
ֻҪܶˣһһµĴڵĻû˸ȥǵģϾиǿ߱Ҳǻͷ۵ġ
Щ㣬ʹõʱֱԼϾС
ŮóһЩ忨Ƭݸˮ
ʦľ忨ƬˮЦŽӹмٶȵģģӷġ
ֲ˵ʦʦϲ࣬һǻһǾ忨ƬͬԼĿ꣬Ҳ϶ޡ
ˮʹ콵ʱ֪Ů˿ûУˮóһѵݸŮˣΪ;忨Ƭͻ
Ů˵ǿĵĽӹĶ治٣û뵽ڱƸ˵Ļġ
һ¼ǲҩʦ壿
ˮûнŮ˵ĻͣһЦʵ
Ŀǰûзʲô˻߼ϳ¼ҵġ
϶˵ᵽǺŵġ
˵˵ʲôŶҲǸʦ֪ʦʲô
ˮʵһֱһЩʦһĵá
Ҳʦ
һǸԾˣʦܶ࣬󲿷ֶǲģоˮǲһģΪֻ֪Ҫ漰Ķһܾ˵ԼʦһŶһ档
ʵǽ޵ľƳʵõĶѡ޵ĳһλͷڵࡢѪҺʵǿĿѡޣֿƵĻõĶǵҩĳЩϡһЩ޻ָӣʱҲЩ忨Ƭ
Ů˿ˮ˵
ˮҲǾȣ֪ԷֿĳһλһϡͿľƣһֻǿޡ
ʬ壬ԵõĶ࣬ҪȵĳһλõĶҪúܶ࣬Ҫһļʵõ޵ľԪ顣
ż˵
Ԫ޷⻹ʲô𣿡
ˮʵ
Ů˿ˮѾµˣȻƳԪ飬ƺû̫⣬Цһ˵ʹһЩҩҲҪ
ǳˮϣû뵽޵ľԪ黹ƵҩʹãһЩǿĵҩʹðɡ
֪Ѿ˺ԶߵĽŲһҪĶ࣬ɽȣ߹հ˹ͷת
ͻȻŮͣסˮ䡣
ˣ
Ů˵
ˮʶһ£ԼԼĸоȷˣֻеԶŮܷӦðɡ
Ѿǣˮ㲻뿪İ취뿪
Ů˵ƽˮڿԼʵһҲƽ
ˮںܺ棬һʶûгֵЩˣʲôôֻţһĿŮˣ͡
ڵˣʵùȻǡ
Ů˿ɬĿˮ޵Ρ
ڣ
ˮ˵ǶʤݵǿڣڽǿʵУһƺڡ
һϵɣû֪ǵֻ֪ǵ˺ǿǴĴڣֻץһЩʮĶͽǧǰץһͽСЩˣЩҲ֪ʲôֶڴ˰Ϊڵһֹ֧֧˰һ֧гһţšץԼУһεץڣڵһֱĺˣ˵õڵϱ䡶ɱ
ƽˮȻȵķԼҲƽ
Ȼ֪˲ܺڿ⣬֪Ϊʲô͸оƽûж˵ʲô԰ʲôȴ˾޵顣
ڵг𣿡
ˮʵ
֪Σ¼ܺúõģɼ¼Ҳڣ˵ڲĿŵĳڿǡ
ûг𣬵ǱǶϵˣûһк³ġ
Ůҡҡͷ˵
ˮѾԸܵЩ˵ϢҲͶʮˣʵǹֵĿ£Ҳһߡ
ǵʵƺûжôǿ󣿡
ˮɻ˵
ǵģҲΪʲôǿ˥ԭǡɱһֽ˵Ĺϻǿ£ɱǷ·干һֵλֵĹһֱû˴ƣַʽǵʵܶܶࡣ
Ů˼һ˵
Ů˵Ļˮ뵽һ²Ķ
󷨣˵Ǻ֮ͬĶ󡢽ǹ󡭡
ˮĹкܶ漰׾ԣرǰԷλ󷨺ͰԷλֲС
лһԪһԪǣԣʮ࣬ʮٰʮĲٰʮĲǧǧ
´СȻ֪֮㣬ǵһ˲ɫһʡΪġ
ʱɽͷ߳ʮˣǿʮ͵ĺӣֿ뺷һϢ
ͷһģΪӣʮͦΣһϮΣа۽΢̸һḡĸо
ˮһеǿߣҪС˺ɫҺϵŮ˻ûһܻģܶ˶ۻˡ
ҲǸ˶ˮ˵
үˣǱ٣ܲսʤǵĴ󲿷ʵǣүӵʵҪǿϲ١
ˮͷŮ˵
ûκοܣɱǣֲƽǵĹûκӮĿܡ
Ůҡҡͷ϶˵


878 ̤ǣƵ
ܿʮ˾ѾΧܣһɫսɫս߳վλþȻλ
ÿλˣǸվȴ˵һߣǸλۡ
ˮȻûʲô󷨣һȴĳˮԺУһܸ֮ܵһεγһεһҪ廹Խܵǣȥ
󷨣ˮһඥһʶзһ˿΢ı仯ƺһЩҪĶϧûʱȥ۲졣
վˮߣںңЩǱ֪ģ˭Ҳϣĵط
ûǣ¼ڿǻһӰͨɽУûʲôνɣֻ˭ȭͷ˹ﲻκͷϣΪȫʬ˭֪ôģûȷ
´С㣬ǲǵң
΢ЦվûжЦ
ˮվҲ΢ЦſΧˣȻ󿴿߼䲻Ȼ࣬ȴ̺ţĪھǿڡ󷨡Ķǿһ
Ҵûʶ㣬ΪʲôҪסǣ
࿴ü˵
Ǻǣǰҿ´С˵˲ҵĻôֲʶˣ̫ˣҿǺĽ´Сġ
ζĿ࣬һҰԵĹâ
üٴ壬ȻŻ˵㵽ʲô
ʲôô˽ңӦ֪Ҫʲôǵһˣӿˣ˵ʲô˵ʲô
ӺǺЦţĿⶢһգգ
ԲϲˣҪ뿪á
಻õӲͷƤ˵
´С㣬ڿҲ˵Уϧͨɽֻһѡ񡣡
ӺǺǵЦζĿԼһ
룬ǲô˳ġ
ҧ촽˵
Ϊƾ赲ˣˣ˶ҪӦңҲ˺κһˣҵֶӦúӦҲ
ŵ˵ϲƿر˵ĸо
ҧ촽촽ҧˣˮʱ֪ԼڳĬˣǰһվŮ˵ǰ棬Ŷ˻˵һȺɵ۸һŮʲôǸˣԺЦˣЦĺһɵһ
ˮĻһ㶣˭Ҳû뵽˵رĻǸһ£ϳѪٺٸЦһ˫۾ݵĿˮ
Сӣʵ´СվһʱעǸˡ
еɱ˿Ρ
౾ЦôҲЦֻѡ񣬲ƺֻһǴǺͶԷƴɱ
ֻǶԷʮˣʵǲףرǸΪӣʵǿ󣬱ԼãҪһ㣬ڵˣһǺĵӣǸӵƺ⡣
Ů˻Ϭ񽣣Ѿս׼Ҳгֻƽޡ
Լѡûãٶ༸ʮֻҲûãסҲŹġ
һ˿ѪĹâ
󣡡
غȵ
ȻΧˮŮ˵˿ʼ׷Բ֮һֵĲͬʱеĴҲֵĻ衣
һ˲ˮܵΧѹڼҶԷʮ֮ϵƺΪһ壬ˮ֪ΪʲôŮ˻ôüˣûƽ취ûа취򣬾ǰɽ˶ҲУԷʮӦòܿ⡣
ǿĵ
ǰˮѾӺŵ󣬿Ӧþǵˡ
ǵ󣡡
ˮ˵ȷв󷨡
ǵģֻ޴֣ڶ֪ô򣬴ﶼ·ǹ
࿴߲϶ŵ˵
ֶʱ˺ͣйǵϢʵʮʮķӳҪǷλ
ˮɫ˵
֪󷨣
࿴ˮ˵ϲ
֪
ˮƽ˵
ˮĻеʧ䣬ΪҲ֪󷨣ҲƽԷڿҲʲôᡣ
ܴɢ
ˮ˵ܿ϶
תۼ侭ʧ䵽ϲת䣬ָоԵסˮ֣ģ
һ־ϲ˵ǿϲǵõת䣬ƺںǰˣϲԼľϲ
Ĵٴˮһͷ֣Ů˾ŵٴɿҲ糯ϼѩˮ˲ʧ
˿ɫӷŭ˭Ȼ¼Ů׽Ƕʮ˴󺰣ǸСҿˡ
ˮѸٵĳǽһֻס󣺡ޡ
һţȴһζæƽޡ
ңʲôҲ
ˮ˵һ䣬Ȼ̤࣬ǵĳ˳ȥ
ǻף
ˮĲѸݣĹ£ˮԽԽоѹСˮеıǽҲѸٵĵˣҽǿ󹥻Ѹƿ
ӿʼǸһֱûжǿˮϵɫȣҽıΪ֡
վλãܶһˣλú£ˮҪȥȻᱻ˵סֻҪ˻Ǻѹ
ʵܶ˶뵽͹ۣʵҲǺܶ뵽İ취
ˮɲǲˣ֪ǰĵƣ϶ص̫ԵΧĽһһ۵λá
Ǹλõߣȴǲױ˺ӵλãˮķ
ĵڶۣҲʵһн⵶õĳ·
̤
ˮĽص̤ڵϣһ޴һŶȥͬʱźҲѸȥ

һˮİ˺׵ĵҾ̤ҲǺ׵ıԷ
ֲ
Լľ̤ȻʮǣǶԷʮ˷ֵܽתһ֣Է˵ģһζٶһЩҲûκá
ֵǿڶԷ赲๥һЩҲ赲
󷨻Ǹö
֮ˣ
ˮĽ˵еһ˽ϣĵط
Ȼϳˣ
ˮṲ̊ǣÿһȦͻý֮˺ǸλãһֱΣֱӽһ
ߵߴ磬˵ʺֱ߽⣬ֱʧȥá
ûеЩһӴߣˮû˿ͣЪֱһ̤ʩչǽ綾һЩ˵ʺ
ٸԷ²ʱ䣬˭֪ûиĵʲôģɱΪա
Ů˵ϬҲʾ


879 һһãѱ
ƻĵ˲ͱˮŮˣʣµ˵ҲǺĬĻϵǸߡ
ʧȥ󲿷ֵʵһǵǣֻмϣΨǸʵ꣬һΣյĸоǶߣҪӻڵĺĵӡ
鵽زãһˮֱŶȥ
컨꣡
ˮ³䣬ֱӴԼĿǰаյȺɱַһǴģǰ˱ЩǿҲѷɫ٣رǱڡ
ǰˮ˳ĸһʼˮһʣʮ˸Ǹһʮ˸
ǰʮ˸˾һˮ컨ֱɱʮһתʽתʣˡ
ˮɱ¾ֱӽ˶סǻûзӦʱгޣֱһ׻һ֣һ׻ǸոշӦȥ
׻ǱУûʱ
ˮʱǳ嵽׻ĽĿ궨סԥеĽǸӵĺȻϱʣµļ˴Уǻס
ûȫѹ˱ǸӵٴסˮϵĺܺãܿҲ
սʱ̣ܶһʼʱõʱ䳤һ㣬ֱӴݿĽ˾ն
ҲǴģƺûдǰ𺳵ĳѹعʱѾװˡ
ˮعͷ뿪ɣﲻ˾
ЩʬܿͻҰ޹Ҳһɣ
ˮһֱ룬ԼзλԷλ󷨵ĻԼʲô취ƽ⡣
Լܲƽ⣿
һ֮ĶԼľǲֱ󷨣˵׷̤ܴ󷨵ġ
ʶ󷨵ԺҪоһ£Լ᲼Ը
ֲ˶಻ࣿ
ˮ߱ߵŮʵ
࣬ҲһȺ壬ǺͷʦʦҩʦѱʦʵһģҲһֻ֧ǵ˸٣ǿ󡣡
࿪ĵ˵
ĺܿģ̫ϲˣѾĴˣû뵽ȴʽת
һһã
صѨǰѾܹ۲һûˣӦڲܿŵģȻصֻҪһҧԼ˭֤˵ͨɽɼʵȫûοǣȻޱȣҲǿ˵Ҳи޶ȣʲôˣƵģÿʵǶ٣󷨿ж˵ʵ෢ʲôʵԷʵ󳬹Ƿʵ󷨾ͻᱻһк
ھԵʵǰһжӰ
˵еǧɱ󣬱󡢾ŹɱǰԽдȴ˵˵󷨡
⵶󷨣ˮеð亹ݴ½ʿ࣬һǿʦԶٳ֡
̤·һҲͨ۷ڡ
صɽ˺ĬʲôҲû˵֪һ֪һݷգοҲû˻뵽´Сܰѡۻˡһɱ
ҲǸΣǵʧ̵ϣͨɽʧġ
ˮԼһ˳ȥû뵽飬Щƺһֱڸǵ٣һֱͨɽŶ֣ȴû뵽ͨɽаɡ
ٶȿĻһ¶ܴﵽͨɽʮ֮ˮǷֿҪӿٶǰѰͨݡ
ȥʱ䲻ʱɽжȹˣһֱעĶһֱţ֪Լ֣˵ʬ壬ټԼڴ˲Զһ룬ΪǸۻˡУ벻붼ѡ
ˮصĳʶƽ󷨵ʱܵʶз΢ı仯ƺʲôǰһֱûлῴһлϿô¡
ʶжһͼȴǻɫģҲһƬҰʲôҲʾɫİͼ֡
ɱ
ˮˣ򵽵Ϊʲôʹã
ܿˮ֪ﲻˣΪ򵽵ĹõģͼҲģͼȴû˵ͼǱеģĿǰûȥѧ
Ǿ˵ǱڵģȴǲѧϰԺŻ֣ȴǰֻǲá
ˮǻɫͼ
ӦſѧϰɱֻԼǰܵˣΪʲôѧϰѵҪ죿
ˮ󷨵ǿԶ󷨺ڴû뵽ԼѧֻڻûеǸʵ
ˮʶгֵĹԶǿģӦҲ⣬һôѧģѧеһӦҲǺܲɱ
˵ѧϰ󷨿֪󷨣ԺԺɵƽ⣬ֱӽƵ
ϧڲѧȻƾԼڶ԰Էλʲô˽⣬ѧϰһܿ죬Ҳкܴô
ϵʱˮһ극صɾһеȲġ
һȥóĻǾԪ񱩵񣬱ˮǺվʹõģǽվв̫ʺϣʺϵǻ
ʺϲʹãֻЧۿ۶ѣοˮʺϵޣæ
ֱŻ޴ͷȥһ£Ȼ󷢳߿ĸܵĻá
Ȼʼͣڿ޴ϲϵķһĻ⣬еҲԽԽ߿
ͻȻȻ綨סһͣ˿У޴γ˫ĴΣʮбͷ
һѤĻȻͬʱһУѾԼһַ
ͻˣǿơ
ˮʱҲǺܼ
ʵ̫ҪˣԳ䵱ҲԳ䵱սޣܵĻ飬ҳϵս顣
ǻһֱţмԼŽɫĹâ֣ʵ͵ţĻǾԪͻһЧҲ°빦

𣬶ԽԽöһûǰѱʹ࣬һʵǾ޴ġ
һֱһʱ䣬ŽƽϢֻһˮе㾪ȣëе㰵ԭëͿһĵĺһ˸оֹĸо
ѵⱩĻǾԪйϵ
ֻˮоӦòǵģƺǰĻɫҪܶ࣬оûзֲʺҲȻˡ
ˮ»ʵʵȻѾﵽһǰ룬ӵʵ൱ֲˣǱʵ
ڷ״̬õһʵģټϷ״̬ԼյĸûĹֱӴﵽµʮǡ
ʮǵĹˮһ㶣ˣʵķٶҲǵõµͻƣ


880 ǿĻսˮ
ıʵﵽһǰ룬Ȼ޲һ룬ڹϿԺһ
۽𾦣ˮŻȥЩսûб仯ܺһĹսǿԭ
߼УеķٶױȣзжһУԳʱٵķС
ˮһۣмж֣߼Ǻûб仯ˮоһˣˮоǺ¡
棺񷢶ǿĻ湥ڵĻԷһУпµƻ˵Ǻڷ˵ǿս
ˣˡ
ˮŵͶһ˵Ǻڷ˵ս
ͻȻˮ뵽˻ë仯ٿǲ˵кڷ˵ѪѾʼѡ
ڷǷ˵һֽ֣еˣڤˣǷбȽаһ֣رľǿĵ棬µķٻֻƾһһ𹥻վסһ
죺ʩչ״̬£湥˺ʱ䣬ÿʹΣʱܵ˺
ˣ
ˮھͷ·񵽽Ǯԣ񵽽ǮҲûˣӵʱĶһս˵㹻ˣһʹΣôҲǿԵʵսʱʱˡ
˷ܵ飬ˮ濴ȥ
裺սģѪʱӷдɣõһʵʩչһսļ룡
ºˣ־սˣοԼоǸƣÿԼźͲٳԣ˻޶ܹ͸֧֫Ļû£żʹ͸֧кôܾ
ܵ˺ʱɵļԡɹһɱ䣬ʵһ
ǿ󣬵ˮԶϣõɵļʲСΣޱȣʵһȻˮֱųûȥðյġ

ڶһˮ泿ɽ治ԶЩ˵ʬӦûˣͨɽо࣬ĳһӣЩʬжȴӲһЩޡȡ
ܿ½˳߳ҲҲˣˮ۾ûʲôӦĴϵ̫ȭ
˿ˮ⣬ȴһ˵ĺгܺÿܴ·Ȼһ
Ȼ
Թ緹ٴǰֻһֱƹ򶷵ĵطûбҪٴǱ߹
ԽԽΣգٶ˵Ҳ˺ܶ࣬Ů䣬˺ܶ鷳
ʱڽжȹÿ춼Ǹ߶Ⱦжȹģ֪ѾǶʮȥˣѾǽ뵽ｫ֮
ʮˮоǺܳģоʱܳʮõĶ٣ǵõĲ٣Լûеõ
ȻŮ˼ַˮһݣˮľܾˣԼܵõһͨݱʲôҪοСһʯŮͼˮ˵ʲôҪŮ˵һ㶫
ʮҲ٣ֻȺͻɱһΣˮľ巢Ҫá
֪ǰŮôȹģ⼸οƺѶȲСҲоգûоӲҲԴ
ҲǰŮǾӲɣŮռƣǰ׼οһŮóһЩҩȥ
մϵֱӷҴܣվ֪żȻóġǷۡұƸ߼ޣҪֻƹͷĶ
Ҳˮ֪ԼΪʲôûеõǷۡԭǿ޹еľеĿһЩͼֱӷֻڱ޵ȼ͵ޡ
ˮȻǿ󣬵һЩʶ֪ĺ٣һҲ֪˺ܶ࣬ûµʱһЩԣ඼ϸĽ˵
ǷۡҪ֪ô£Ҫܳܳʱ䡣
սУǿʾǾ޴ĵĸоˮˬޱȣȻڻյЧ´ﵽʮǵĿʵսѾʮǡ
˾࿴Ż֮ҲĽı̫ǿ̫ϬˣֱӾɱɱٶȿ˾̾

ǰһǳߴɽΡͦΣΧҪϲ٣ŨҴҶľܶǲľ
ˮоɽϵԱطҪֺܶ࣬˵ɽԽԽˮԽԽɽεһ£ǲʲôһԼҪͨǾ̫ˣֱ뿪ˣط̫ѹˣûеĻˮɽǷֿ
಻ʱĿΧˮҲǽʶɢ䡱ӾȻãҲԵһ㲻ãԷصĻǺѷֵģֻ൱һӾ˵һ˫۾ǿԱƭġ
ʶҪǿһЩһ־񸲸ǣȻҲ˵ʶǾԵĿȫǿ߿ԱܿʶʵûûϣܵģλҲûá
оĹĻҲҲܱܿʶҲи޶ȣʵ̫࣬˵ʲô鶼и⣬ǾԵġ
ѰҲΧϵĴߣʱķ֨֨Ľ
յΧȴǺְܰʱĻһЩ޺쳹еס
ָо˵ͷƤһֽţɽһҲܺ¡
ɽǿֲͨɽҲԿƬĹ֣ɲǰɽܱȵģǰЩѾֲݣο
ո˵
ΪΪŵ󣬲Ż᲻£ˮˣΪкܶޣзԼһЩǿսˮеӾһǰѰͨݡ
ɽĵر治٣ʱĴѰĽջϲ˳һЩġ
ΪΪʳ
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ٴδѰϤĽҸȥǶʱ˺ˮˣΪͨݡ
һʮꡭ
ϧеСˮҩݵ⣬Ҳ굽꣬ˮ˷ܵ䵽ȵףǧҲ㣬ôɾʱҲҪʮһ굽ʮʱ䡭
Ȼʧ䣬ˮ߹ȥƤȫߣ˾ȵĿսɾ
Ȼ֪ˮĿռƷʲôҪ֪ռǲܷûֲҲС
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881 ֱѩʨ
ˮƤŪɾҶȵĿֻЦЦʲôҲ˵˵Ҳ˵ҲͲ˵ˡ
Ȼеʧˮܵ˵ǿĵģһεͨɽûеõǧϵͨݣǸʱЩͨҲǸϣʮһʱ俴ܳҪȥġ
뿪ˮоɶˣͨûǧûһֵģǧҲûʲôãһֻǧǧϵĲŻΪĵر
ǧҲûʲôЧһЩԪʮֻ꣬ǧϵĲŻǿҩݣˮ굽ͨȡû˸оʲôס
˵ˮѰͨݵģǧϵҲʹѾһˣֻǲ֪ѣοڿҲ⡣
ȻˮԸģϿԿǧϵͨȡ˲࣬ͨݵջʵ̫ǿˡ
ֿʼɽѰң˲ҩݣҲҵһЩֵĽȷûкö˲ɽ
һѾˣҾɽ³Ե㶫߳Աģˮԥοڡ
Ǹ뿪ʱˣ
Ҳʮˣǲֿɣߣȥٿ
ˮƽĿ˵
˶ǳĬеĿ࣬ôʱǷǳϤˣϰʲôҲϵ֪ˮҪȥðգ˵ĸоܲϾȥǾһġ
ˮ治֪ôֹ㣬ĺΣգͣɣȥһ㣬˵мҲڱĵط߱õͨݡ
࿴ˮе˵
лл֪ǹңҲȥаա
ˮҲеůůġ
˵ġĵĸоǺܺõĸоοûѵĶʤݣ˺Ͷ塢ھͺ¼ҹϵˡ
˵ˮѾ¼ҵѡ
̾˿ǧҪСģҲȥ¼֪㻹úõģҸף
ãһȥ
ˮЦЦ˵
ٷһٷǳ˵ģȻ֪ûԷˡ
أǧСģҵ
࿴ˮ˵
ˮһŮ˵ͷǰļ仰ейһķ˼
¼˻ӻ֣ˮͷȥͬʱҲҪСģء
һֱˮӰʧԶɽҲûлͷôţںãܸоҪˮˡ
ʱĽչ֪ˮֻ˳Ȼ˵Ҳֻ˳ȻοԼҲûаֻܿԵˡ
֮ѾͷץסҲץģܿͻһɳ졣
Ⱥһ߹Ц
ҲǴСһֱչ֮һ
ţ˺񿴲ҡ
ЦЦ˵仰֪ʲôоôһûֿȵˣԼԼǺ棬Ժͺˡ
Ǻǣǿ㣬ǸźܶεˣɣҲ˭ۡ
˫ǵ۾ĺӡ
ĺӣΪûкӣһˣ˵ӡ
ÿ˶ԼеĴڣһ֧֧Ż˲ʵĶľ࣬ϲųѾͷٻ󣬿һ
ˣɣţջ񻹲ǻȥɡ
Ц
á
˵ͷЦֻ۾һĨЦ⡣

ˮû䣬ʶľ൱ǿģɾŸְ취㿪ޡ
ǿˮţһıԼǿߺֻҪˮŮȫԼԼܣԷɱ
ޡԼȴڣˮֺֿļͦеģֻԷܣˮҲ׼ȡһЩҩĶ
֪ǰ¹ȥˡ
ʮңˮԽôûôѰǾܵ롣
Ȼʮ﷢ǧϵͨݣˮҪڶʮֱʮ︽ѰңбҪĻȥʮ˿Ʋֱӽɾʹþܡ
ˮѾ뵽Ƭ޴ɭˣǰȻͷɭֵľǲľ׸ߣִ𺳣ɭл谵޹⣬Ǳï֦ܵҶڵ
ɭһɵĿҶζˮżҲɵϿգɭֵĶǰֻǾȺޣȻܶɱȴ鷳ޱȣɱ޵ģҲ֪ٴζǶɭС
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ˮƣһƬֳƻҪ߳ȥֱʹþģֲȷİȫԻɿ
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ˮͻȻԶһʮ׸ߣһ˸պÿԱסϸľЩľۣԵСһʮ׸ߵС
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ˮѣھ뻹Զľ֮⣬һԵһֻޣꡰҪܶޡ
ѩʨ
ˮʵȿľѩʨһʼܾȣΪˮѩʨޣѩʨҲѩʨӣʱǸҩҵǸߵ
ߵѩʨҲʮ״С˵ѾܴˣǰֻֻѩʨҪһһСɽһ
һʱѪˮף޵ĹԴﵽгޣȻֱ׻ͣĹ
ѩʨô˵Ҳߣһˮ
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콵
۽𾦣
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׻

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ˮıǽֱѩʨϣȻ޵׻ǲͣ£ĽˮĿɿڴ
ǿѩʨȻѾţѾһϢ⻹ѩʨ㹻ǿرǿͻеһƴȻˡ
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ˮѩʨԷǾ޴۾ž裬ֻ岻ܶѸٵʧ
ˮѩʨϣһˮܵǿҵĿܣˮ̾óһŵҩ
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ˮʵҲеϧҲһߡеģҲһԺ˿ѱ޵ߣϾǲܣر۷ʵޣѾ߱һǻۡ
ܿѩʨڵϣѾܲеˮֱ̾ӷųѩʨվ
ڵĲûߣ棬ȴǱˮŪɾ
ΪеѶȣһֲôʮ׶ߣһ˸պܱסĴϸ˺һֲɾ
õɾ޷
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Чÿˡÿֻ޶һģҪһʱ죬ԵʱԣѩʨػĶӦҲ
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ɳ̲ˮӽµɳиܵˮϢˮӷкĵطӦ޳ûƵĵطȴǼžޱȣ˲
ˮΧȻˮԽԽֵķȥɳ̲ϵһЩɫıˮоһ˿һ
һΣзɹһֻ޴ķݣƺһķߣˮоֽţҲ֪Ϊʲô
ˮߣٶȴǷɿ죬ÿɳ̲ϵһ£ͻǰʮףɫƽʶȴɢȥ
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ΪһǿϢͻȻĴһɾ磬еһȫǣˮȻֹ

һĺһˮ֪ʲôǺ죬ǰ޷ȡ
ǧ֮ھԶĺ
ˮɫ΢䣬۾ĶԶˮûж㣬Ϊˮ֪ԼӲԷʶ
뵽ǰֻ޴ķݾ龰ģˮȻ

һͬĺȻԶڿնһֻ޴ĽɫһķڿС
ˮ۾Ŀſֻɫޣž޴𺳣ˮޡ
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ǰɹȥӦҲ󴳣ǾӴܵģˮɵԼֻݾֻԼĽԡ
ࡢ޵⣬ǿһ̶Ⱥ׳ףǵ츳ķݡǺѳԽ׵弫ޡ
ֻ޴Ľˮָо뵽ˮŮ˵ĸоڵˮ͵Ѿǽȡ
ѵֻ޵ʵѾǿֵز
ˮƲֻԵʵ֪ǿԼĿǰԶԸģԷʵҲûãˮԷʯһʱԼܲƿԷ塭
ʵ⣬ˮѾǲڿսǿôߡ
ˮѸٵķȥ

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ֲٶˮԥһż絤Ȼͷ콵
۽𾦣
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һýŭˣ½һٶȺʵȻ᲻ָұǰҪǿϲ١
ˮﰵп࣬㶾꺮źĴһＤȥϸţëޱȵ꺮һľͳˮĽԡ

ˮо꺮Ѿ۳ΣһˮᶨܵͷԵʵʵ̫̬ļӲ̶̫˰ɡ
ǰͻȻָʵǱǰҪǿһ㣬˵⿪ˮǶԷͨսʵûˮߵʵӿ¡
ˮܺмɣǹΨһһԣѸݡ졢꣬ԳֵõصĵΡ
һӾȻٴεɭֵıԵˮȻǺԥ˽ȥȻѸС
ֱӾ޴ӳ޴ĲľͱɨƽһƬʱ˫ŻŽԴȥ
޷Чֻôˮоû뵽ԾȻе˼Լ
ԾƲѵ¾û赲һ£ɭвϵĴŭĴһƬһƬĲľˤ÷飬һƬǽ塣
ˮһ裬ɽһʱֱӽɾ
ѸٳȥһƬֱӾĺϡãȴѾûˮӰϢҲûˡ
ûˮϢԽݵĹľӺȻ޴ﵽʵѾԾǻۣǻ۲óġ
ˮɾһᣬͻ濴
Ծڸϵ˦ţƺڵˮһ޵ǻۺ޷ȣڣ൱ɷŭѾֲǵϢǾ˵ԷѾ뿪
ٴͣһʱٴþ޴ӳþ뿪ˮעǵĶ
ˮɲھͰɾʱ꣬Ȼٱ׷ĻֻܾˣĻҪ½ȥ
ȻֱѡʹþнͨɽΣԺܸߣˮûбҪô·
ˮ֪ǸԵϳˮѡƹȥˮƵĺԶǽԾǵķΧ
УˮɭȻ򶫽ȥͬʱʶӵ
ˮƹȥʱ˿Ҳˮһκôǿ޽֣ǱӴܡ


883 ͷ룬ս
ˮȷֻ޽ǲۼģʹҲӦò˶٣Ͼʵǰûɾܶ
һеԾˮͻɾ˶ʱƹһ˵ڿֻޱȣּ޻Ǻܽŵġ
Ŷ٣ʮѣԵϳȻôʮҲʲôɺϣıԵӦΧ־ֳֻܹɼ˵ù
ӶǿޣˮԽԽоԼʵ㣬ͬʱҲоǸĴڡ
ݴ½ûۣԼʸָ߶ȣ򲻽ҲӴǸȦˡ
ħţʨ۵ĴڣϵĶˮеŮӦҲۼֻǲ֪Ϊʲô磬ˮ˯˶ꡭ
뿪쵹ûǿޣˮ֪ﻹǽԵΧܳǿޡ
ˮŻ󵨵ķУٶȼ죬ҲĿ꣬ߵɽȥΪǰЩͨݾǴһǵǸ֮䣬ߵһɽ塣
ͨݵѵôģ
뵽ͨݵģˮ֪Լ뷨ȫԣΪͨȻ󣬵˸оȷʵͦαֱ·Ҫͱһڶ˻һЩɫǵһ㣬ͷ·ϵǳ
ҲΪʲôͨݵԭɣˮͨһڵƽϸߵĵط
ˮĿͶһЩ޴ΡɽֻⲻֹȺɽˮҲǸоͷƤ飬һ㣬ˮڲ뵽ֻʮ֮ڣʮ֮ڣĿͶЩߴɽϡ
һ·оյĹ죬ˮٴһֻǿޣֻֻˮһҪɱ
ͷ룡
ֵǿӹɵģˮԣӦûǰĽǿΪˮйо
ͷҲͷжʵͷʵͷʵĸͷʵ
ͷӦαۼˣˮû˵Կ϶һ㣬ͷʵҲһ۴š
һ㣬и㣬ٶҺо»𣬻ԵĹһ˺
һߣޣӦźܶ޸ˮ˼ԣֱܡ
ͷ벻»ٶҲûԶսкܿµĹһڿʹٻȺ빥иʴƷ˺
ˮĺһͷס˻ᱻǿĸʴѸٸʴһЩαĽʲôҲסʱĸʴ
ʹ˿ͶȼǿҪǿµճԣһסֱӻͨʴԼµԣֱĽޱȡ
ұסˣȴǲ㶾޵ٶҲһƣȻ̫ˣʹ˻ûԸȥޡ
оͷٶҲֻѣͬٶϴĲ磬˵һʻһٶҲԿ
ǰֻͷһɽһž޴Դޱȣ͵ӿһ۶˷š
޴޴һɢһĹͷͨɫһļӲǣˮ󷢳Ĵ̶Ľ
ˮһ֩Ľԭô

ȻѾ˾ҪΪǿˮڸպôﵽԶĹ룬ɵʩչ׻
׻
ٶȾͷ㣬޹ģĲһΣǽۻļ١
̶ִĽٴ𣬶ҴԶѸٳ֩룬ֻҪ˺ܶ࣬ͷģͷģĸͷģȻܶ඼ġ
ͨɽݳޣôǿޣˮֵֻ룬һصľ޴֩롱ͷƤ顣
ˮҲɵгЩ֩붼»ģοڻʵɱЩͨ뻹Ǻɵġ
ǲͣʩչ׻ˮ޻һһߴ׻Ƶʺܿġ
콵
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ˮٶǰ¼絤ԳƽٶȱҪ죬Ҳ޷⡣
ˮҪܺͷٶȳƽһᣬȻߴˣⳡ̾ӮˣֺܳһʱС
׻
ˮʱ佫ʹ綾꺮ͷĸͬͷȥͬʱҲѸٵĴ
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ۡ
ˮġ򡱺ʹ㶾꺮Ǿ޴۾йС
ļ·Ҫ˶̴žͿһˮ𺳵һ棬شĸԴֱӵĲҽˮоë·һ㡣
޲ͣļӴȵĲʹ׻
ǲͣɱųȺ
Ҳʹ˼絤ġ
ֱˮʱó塣
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ʱˮֱĸͷһӶôܲŭٰĸԴûǧʱǱġ
ֻͷ벻ŭһֻţٶԽԽƺÿһ·ճڵһԶ޻ڲͣĺ
ˮЦˣ֪һζĶˣԼֻǵùһһʵӲʮ֮һ
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ͷ뻹ڿֻŵĴУͻȻˮٶȾȻǰͬʱһŤ
һǵصĴֶԶԶľһζ˸оͷۻ
ˮҴ⣬·ͻȻɾѾȻɾҲҪʱ䣬ʱѾǵʱҲûˡ
һ˲ˮԥг¯˲һӳͷм䣬Сɽһ
ˣ
Ƶ𣬾޴¯֧סȡʱ䣬ȻԼ޸ǵˮѸ档
еĻĵҲǲϵȥ
»ģôǿڳܻ湥ʱ˺ӱȻһĻ޷ֺġ
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ûˣ¯ʱѾˮŶѾֻŵͷ룬ֻһͷ
ֻ޴纮һͷ룬ʱھ޴Ļ¯ǰһţƺرĿֻš
ˮһ㶣
ѵѱ
ˮɻĿֻ޴֩룬಻۾ÿ


884 ѱͷ
ǰͳֹƺڻڻ¯ǰɥʧ־ʵҲǴƺرĺ£һֻҪǲзġ
ͷ͵۾ֵĿŻ¯һһԵˮҲ˲ϣˮں
ոֻӦúѣϾԷʵ̫ǿ󣬲Լ¯ͷʵӦÿշɡ
շޣƾԼеĵҩһǿޱȣǼԴˮоƾǡӡԽԴָʵҲǿԴǡ
ʵǿޱȣӼ뵽żһΡ
ˮֻܼзϵսͷ룬һһΣϾվɳҪܾãڰϵɱҲҪһЩʱɳʷͽʵˮںõϣȺʷҲֻѡ
ͷȻԶ̹ȴǳɳܴںͽµһЩʱôܴôߣԺ˵ûΪǿսء
ˮľؽͷס
ˮľֱӽ뵽ԷУֻʣһԴ˺ܶ࣬Ȼѱͷ޻ϲܡ
ͬʱˮֲϵڻ¯ĴĹ¯УӴĹâԼԼ޺ҲǲϵĴžԵ塣
ˮľһֱڲϵŶԷľ֪Լǿ󣬼ϻ¯Ŀ£ͷֹ
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ˮŵݵͷǰһ߲ϵĴ߶ôŻ¯þʴͷ룬ĵֿ
޲ͬ࣬ǿޣǵǻҲʲܺȣһ׼һ˾Ͳı䣬ԽǿԽˣֻҪͷԸˮġӡǾͱʾѾˮ
ˮҲȥǲޣ˵ֻܱһЩǿѱʦѪѱҳɹͬҲǺܵͣˮҲѱʦѪߣˮֻ˵ûнӴ
ʱһĹȥˮԼҲܽţھΪ˽ѰͨҲ㣬ѱҲһ֮ѡ
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һԺ׵ĿڶʵĿƺǿңǿΪǿʳǿʳ
ˮͷһˮЦˣȡ᲻£окܴϣҪǰˮֶΣҪǲһߵԼ˵ģĸԴһǿ
޵˼άҲǼ򵥵ģӲ˵͵ϮͶʲôģⶼһģҲԥԭ򣬵Ȼˮо˺ܴãڵӾջ
ˮѾ˰˳ɵİˣֱóӣֵֻܷʳţҲûЧˮֻǼӴջѡ
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ˮ΢ЦŽһŵͶͷĿУĿϲ
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۷ޣܴﵽۼͼۼˮоԺˮеŮӦöͼĴڡ
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ˮԼʲôעֻʶţͷڵڷţ񱩵ڵһС
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ͷеȶˮͷٴֱٴóһŶС
һξĵȴͷڵһˮԸܵڵľ޴ƺԽԽ
ǼĽˮţ
ͻȻˮ۾Ѹٵĺ󳷣ͬһʱ䣬ͷͻȻһ㵭°ɫâܿͱޱȡ


885 ۳ڵͷ룬ˮ׬
޴ͷ岻û󣬶ƺ΢СһȦ˸оǡ˲٣ǼĽȴԽǿ
ͷϵɫĹâԽԽʢ޴ҲǲֹϵһЩӲļ׿Ҳʼ䣬ɡ
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ˮоҲԼԸҪʵˣͷͻƵ۾磬ֻʵҲ㹻ˡ
ɫĹâԽԽǿͷɢϢҲԽԽǿˮԶһĿţͷɱһ̡
ʱֹһʱͻȻ䣬ͷϵķ·ըһɫĹâһɢѤĹâ޴ʵǿҵϢɢͷȴǱѤĹâȫ֡
һʱ̣ܶܿâɢȥˮĿǰֻͷ룬ɫܺÿֽУֻƺǰСһ롭
ʵȴǱǰǿ˺ܶܶ࣬ǻϢǿޱȡ
ˮоڵͷǽսӦʤһž޴Դϵ۾ɫЭÿˡ
ʱˮȻ֨֨Ľ˹ȥȻΧˮתȦӣҲǳޣо֮һϵ
ǿԸܵͷԼһһ˵ĸоڵͷ·һСһ
ָоˮЦһ˵ĸоȻǾ޴ļһһʵóĽȻδ֪
ڳԼޣˮæʩչͨͷ룬뿴ʲôǿսԱԺ
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ĵһˮһºܿģ޷ĸʺܵ͵ģһǺ£䶼ԭĻһЩսԼʵǿ
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Ԫͷ츳սõʵ屶ġ
ˮֱӴоԼͻѾˣڲ֪۷ʵ۳ڵʵ࣬Ѿ϶ͷʵۼӦǸպø۳ڡ
ʴͷ뷢޵иǿĸʴճԣ͵˿ǵҲԿϡ
˿ƣͷԷһ˿Ҿйƣٶȼ죬˿ճԺͶԸǿ
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̥ǵͷںǰѾǽȣȥһֱһ㣬ˮں֪ʵԾͷ룬õˮرĳԾ
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ôͻǰʵӦڰʵ£Ͼǰһ۵ĴţʵֱӴﵽİǡ
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ǰʵ˵ǣϾԼʵֻʮǶ㣬ԷҲͰʮ£ԼӦûʮǣȻǿΨһȱٶ
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޵ߣÿͻƿʮΪȫУӺʹ޾壬ǧһֱ档
ͷʵˮ˷ܵܲˣһԼʵҲǵõ޴Լûеۣһֻ۵ޡ
һͨɽ¯ǿհȥĺֵ޹û
һԶΪ˹һȺ룬ͷ񣬲ֻˮͷ뽻һǸһЩɾĹأɾܴЩȥҲûʲôףǵ̣ɾĶѡ
Ⱥͷ빵ͨãõ֤ŰŪȥԵĶЩ㡢ڹꡢϺʲôģˮרһƬյٴŪ˸ˮأŽȥ˭Ͳٵĺ㡢ڹꡢϺԺ㡢ڹķֳٶûʲô⡣
ǰõһֱҲڲԶЩ̶ŪȥġʯɽʲôģһЩϡҩݣҲպϡ
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ͨˮ֪ԶͷϳƺЩȻͷͷϳȥֻɾɾ
ϳﲻԶҲڰٶ˵ҲֻһѣͻƵ۾ˮͷٶرĿ졣
ԼҲǱǸҲһҲѷɫˮоٶӦͷǿһǿ


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˷ϲ¾ˬˮھһҲоۣƺ㣬Żȥֻշ
Ҳֻ룬Ҫ֪㣬շҪǿľΪܣҲΪʲôѱʦ޲Ǻܶ࣬ԼʵģҪȻѱǧҪ޵ˣޣѱ޵Ҳ޵ġ
ˮ֪ˣܸоԼľѾﵽ£޷ѱޣѱʦ޵ϵʶҪǿľ֧֣Ҳˮʵѱֻͷ룬Ȼֻܽͷ
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ûǸŮɾ߲㣬ľҲǿҲõһЩҩݺҪʤݣһеĸԴӦǸŮˡ
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˵ͨɽҪѰͨݣһжǴҪֻԼʵĶ˵
ܿ͵ͷĶѨɽĺܴˮͷ߽ѨѨԽԽڡ
ҲΪڣһЩʯ鱦֮رˮû뵽һ֩붴ôණһֶоֵͦġ
ʵ½ЩҪӻ鱦Լʯ֮࣬ΪЩжһЩֻǰֻͷӦòǣֻͷЩôģƺҲ˵
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ڵĶ࣬Ҳ٣޵ڵܶ࣬ҲЩʳԷǳĶ࣬ϳŶҲ٣ûˮϲģǰͷûͻƵʵһֻʲôղأҲһЩڵûиܵôʧ
ȻҲ̫ˣˮڸתתϢһȻȥѰͨݣԼͷĥ󿳲񹤣ԽʡѴѵʱ䡣
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۷ʵһǵһԽĺ蹵ھʵǰʲôǿЦģΪûзӦʱ䡣
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ˮʧ䣬һ뵽һۼ޾ͿųΪֲĴڣǿζԸͬĴڣԼɵƵԼñԱƵôǱ
οԼĻһֱǱȽǿˣرǴ֮Ĵﵽ˴ɾ磬˵ͷĸʴԽǿԽãԼޡ
ԼͻˣʵҲǿڻҪͷ룬ԺԼܵս飬ߵģѱʦŮĴڡ
֪ɫѾͷصɽУʱֱӴͷɾ
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ˮɾȻɾɴǻߣҲһƬγԼģҩ԰
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ҡҡͷˮԼ鷳»治٣رǸϵ£޴ĸоŤޱȣƺԼһ޷ơ
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ͻȻˮоԼһˮ뵽һطһ֪ǽ뵽硰λһĻˣһʶĴڣˮе಻Եĸо
þˮǲ˵ˮеŮˣοˮǸŮ˵Ļе㺦ǸŮˣ֪ΪʲôȻ֪ʶɱԼʵڲô¶ԷɱԼʱûɱԼӦþͲɱԼˡ
ˮվˮУԶվǸŮˣһˮоӽһŮˡ
ٸ߸üͣղʩɫ糯ϼӳѩɽŮգɫһѩ׵βסߣ絶ǰĻľĶǣأ޳Ľ¶һ˫貨ɢӨĹ󡭡
ɢһ˲µʣˮĸоɿŮˣ䣬һĹ°
ˮڶĽͣʶҾ벻֪Զ£ˮֻܵóһ㣬Ůͼйϵ


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ˮͷҲûص뿪ΪԼһҲоŮûɱιԼһζɱԼԼֻˣ˵ǸŮѾˡ
Ȼһʶռ䣬˼άȴʵģٽʵˣˮŶŮеΣ֪˵ʲôοŮĮվͲ˵ʲô
ŮĮĿˮÿü΢΢ƺеãΧȻڿˮܿѾһȻ
ΪʲôŮ˿˵
ˮһ˵̹ǵľգһˮ붥ĤݵŮˣͬҲûκһ飬ֱꡣ
Ҳ֪ӦòʵСˮҡҡͷ˵
ŮŤͷûٿˮһ˫ѩ㣬ĽûŵأŲľ롣
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ˮĻҲ̫⣬Ȼ󻺻˵رͼеõĲرͼѰġ
Ůһü΢΢չһ㣬˵Ҳ֪ôģҲ֪ڲݣԺҪ룬Ҳٿ㣬̲סɱ㡣
ˮһŮ΢˵˵ĻȴûκεĸɫʣȷŮ˵ˡ
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ˮֻʳûõ𰸣Ϊ֪Ů˾Բ˵ģҲ̫ںŮôʲôʲô˱Ͳ뽻˵Ҳ֪һЩ½ĴźϢ
ˮĻƺŮ뵽ʲôеĶܰԵȻ˯ǰȴܽ⿪뵽ʱ龰Ůе㲻ȻҲٶ롣
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Ҳֻһ˻ǵľ磬ŻﵽʶЩƺֽͲΪǸʱʱЩŮӦöûг
ѵǵͶһЩȵоԼŮͼ˾ˣˮоûȫԳһˣŮͼͨôͣΪʲôԼм˾ŮͼϵŮӣɺϣ
޽⣬ҲͲɺϵֹǧ򣬺ܶûнġ
ˮǸоŮͼͨ顢ͨ
Ůʧ󣬺ܿˮҲʧˣȻֱӳɾǰǶ÷ƣһһںȾڵĸоرˬԼڹ
ɾĴȻҲȴǲʵеûκλҳ㣬ˮµһȴһһŵذ壬ĺľذ壬źܶණ׳ɽ磬ľǶ̫ʦΡʲôĺܶ࣬ǲļҾߣǴϳǼҾ߳صġ
һķ䣬汻ܶ絲ţֻһ׿ԽΧġ䡱ܴдʲôģǰźܶҩĽкˮѼϡ
һЩĽ񡢶̨ȶϣΪɾؽӴֻкôûл˵ҲʺϷŽ䡱С
뵽ǰǸŮ˵ʶÿ綼ʵϣϣֻҪ㹻ӵһС
˵Ǯ˸ƷǽǮҲ൱ҪǿǮ֧ŵģȻĵر򲻵൤ҩʲôĶǿ򵽵ģһǮһûǮľͺԵĳֺܴĲˡ
ˮͻȻ뵽ף˵ƺ⣬ƺձʯеľԼӦи޶ȣһÿռűʯͻﵽͣҪ֮ſԼա
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Ϊµʱû㹻ĽǮ֧ţҲͲôнĳɾ͡
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మһоģֻԧ첻һģ罺ᣬ໥ĵĸо޷ݣʱ˫ΰģΰ󣬿໥ΪԷκ顭
Ե㶫󣬿ʼҪ̫ˣöɵĽţ
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ˮǿ̿ģɾ˴ţԸõȫעҲЧʺܸߵԭ
ҪЧҪұչأչؿƺһʵȻϾÿ˵鶼Ǻܶģʲôʱܱչصġ
ڶ죬ˮͷˣһˮǰСڿԹǰߴɽͽ
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Ҳϰͷ۵ʶǰͷģˮϰߣСһ룬Ҫ˫͵۾Ưɫ۾ڿǰÿˡ
һκܿ죬ºѾʮıԵˣ
һ·ûκˣ޵٣ϧһͷƴܣ龰ˮر
ԽˮоѹԽǿңһַһĿֻţˮĺȻ˾޴ãûߵֻͷ롣
ʮﱾˮ˵ܽȴʵǿõһʱ䣬ʵʹáСʮʮǰˮ´ɽԲŻ˰µʱŴﵽʮ֮
ͻȻˮʶдͷ۵ˮֻǿޡ
ˮһҪ֪޲٣кܶɱĴڣЩͷ붼ǱӴܡ
ͷһ˵ֻǿޣͷ˵ǿʲôʵˮҲһһڴ
ͷɱԼϾ˲£ǸֻӦҲԣȻԼͷ룬źܴΣյġ
ˮԥһһͷûаգõȴǲ֪


888 Ŀʨǻ
֪ĻصˮҲôģʱ֪Ҳǻ£ͷ˵ġ֪ܴܶԷ߲ܴܶԷ
ʵҲ˵˫ʵӦò£ҲͬһˮƽֻҪͬһˮƽˮͲκθ
ͷĶǰ޴վˮǰߣڵʵʵģˮر⣬޲ۼģѾ߱ǡ

ͻȻһ޴ĺУǽֻԵĽеһƴһĺУ޴ɽصĻصţ·кܶںһ
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ͷҲǷµļˮڿͷе˼ھԷܿ촫ԷǿҵĺУƺͷ뼫Ȳ
ܿԶɽϳֻ޵Ӱһֻ޴ʨϻһޣֻˮǾ޴Դʱһ㶡
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⻹ͷͻƵۺܺĿʨһεģǰǾͲԶˣҪĿʨɱ
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ͷĶͲ˵ˣһʴѾ̸֮ɫ䣬ֶãĿʨ޸а죬رмֻŵ۾ǳΪǶħ۾
Ŀʨóٶȣͬʱǿֻŵ۾Էǿľ˷ʤ˵˻ܵŻֱӶеһЩӴ˳Ϊɵߡ
ֻ۾̫а죬ÿʹöżƣÿʹһΣÿʹú󶼻ήһɵʵʮʱ󷽿ɻָ
֮⣬ó𹥣ǿ󣬻𹥵Ҳܲ⼴ʹսҲǺǿٶȿ칥Ϭ
־񹥻ÿζܴЧĿľǿйϵһ˭ҲԸս½񹥻˱ǷëǣþҲ࣬ÿ궼źܶɥֹ֮£߾ܴΪɵߣ˵ܾǰָܻǵĵҩһֱû˵ֹ
оǾ˵ﵽǡ۷ʱΪЩߺǲȱ˻ȫǣʧϣǲľͲˣǴԡ
ˮͷ룬ԴοʵҲǿ󣬻ô˵ԼأһҪİֻа

Ŀʨͷ뷢Уˮͷ뽻֪أڸ뿪ԥǲ뿪ֻǰ߾޴ɽˮɴɱҲɴ뷨һҪȥɽϿǧϵͨǾˡ
ˮͷ뽻׼һɱһöԷʧȥս˫һ룬ˮͷ뻺Ŀʨȥ
Ϊʨ֮ޣĿʨǲģеʵԵģĿʨͷ֮ޣطҲͷĿʨܳΪ֮ޣҪͷĿࡣ
˫ľڻˮӿ죬ˮе㵣ĶԷмֻۣﵽˮԥһ»гޡ
Ŀʨ޺ǰĽŲһ٣ֻ۾׹һˮһ֪ԷƺرߣƺҪˣ̴ߴͷ붯֡
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׻ٶȻǺܿģͷѾˡ˿ɡٶ屶ѸٵĿʨȥ
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ˮ˫ۿĿʨʱÿֻ޴Դˮ˶Էмֻۣʱֻ۾ͻȻ貵ĹâѤĹһˮ
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ǵ޴ľ֮ڲϵĻˮַ˵ĥֿǿµġԼֿܵġ
һˮˣԼΪΪɵҵĻ̫ԩˡ
תȫǵµġƲɵˮڵľ޷ֵ
ȻˮľϺǿˣĿʨϾۼĴڣһóޡ
ǰˮһиȴôҲû뵽Ŀʨȥ˺ͷǹԼÿֻʹһΣȴԼбꡭ
ˮڷûа취赲ȫתϹǿȻɽ
ˮưԼõĹȫˣҲֻ΢赲һ¡ٶȣȥе蹬ԼҪֱӳΪˣһʶˡ
蹬ʶм䣬һҪĴڣˮͼλãڿתͼˮƺҵһϣ
µͼתֲϢǿһ޷ݵͼˮԼȻƽ
֮ԽԽˮѾٵֿ˹ȥһˮ֪Լʲô飬һƬհףŵģ˵ּſգƺһôģ˵ˡ
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һˮûȥġ쵶Ҳûзǵն蹬һ̡
һ̣ͼϵͻȻһһһ˲Ȼ·ںһһǹȴƺѤĹâֱӷǵ
Ҳ֪˶ʱ䣬ˮ·γһͻȻ蹬һƺûκα仯ˮͼʱסˡ
ͼƺǰִ˲٣һʼֻкҴСϵļǿӴƺһֱڲϵı仯һƺ˲֮һ
Ӻأ񣬴ˮŴʱͼܵԼľٴεõСʶеľԵıǰ˺ܶࡣ
ʧ֪ǸһҲǵõ˾޴ĺôǺܼѵģǰǵ쵶һľ֮ȷʵˮƵ˾·ϡ
֮ضһҲǰɣ
֪뵽˽µǸʦ˵ԼͷԵһѵ뵽ּſ״̬ҲǺͷԵ
˳ʶվԭأѾȥĿʨһڲͣԼͷ롣
ˮЦͷ룬Ȼ۵ŽˮܾȣˮſڵֻϹʶҲֻһ¾̾ʱҲ˸ܵеĸɫʡ
ѵΪͷԭ
ŸոȥĿʨѾʴʴĲˣȡеڵһЩѪҺ
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ˮͷĽͷʶ֪Ҫڵˮ̸Ȼڵ󣬵ͷʲôǡ
ͷ뿪ĵֱȥˮĵȴڵͷӵʵСһЩ
ﵽۺʵǷǳˡˮ˼뵽
뵽ԼԪʲôĻûͷʹãˮóгһ
ۼʳԪ᲻ʵҲõͬЧԼԪҲǿˡ
ܿЧˣԪҲûͷһʵڰɣֻӰٷ֮ʵ
ˮ֪òʧٷ֮ӵҲǰԼЩʵҪ̫ˣͷȴǻޱȡ
ʱǸоҲԼĺܶණͻֵ
һսˮĵõҲõ˲ٵıˣûҲֱ٣кԼ޵֮ϵǿ
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ʮǰʮﶼ۳ڵĻΧʮ֮Ҳ۳ڵĻΧ
ͷ뽻õģͷʮҵҪһЩǿһЩޡ
ǿһЩҲ۶ֻһ۷壬һѾڡ
ۣ֮ﵽҪ֮жƽһ۵Ĵڡ
޻࣬۶һߵĴڣˮԼǰͺͷɱһֻ۾޾е㲻˼飬ԼǿͷɱһЩͷͬʵһ
Ŷ͵ɽɽȥͱˮͷ뿴ƽأֱɽ
оͨݵɽӦߵλãֱȱȥߵλãûһ·
ˮͷٶȺܿ죬ûöʱѾͷ̤Ρľ޴ɽ
ɽϵķԶǺܴģɽϵֲҲ൱ïܣҲˮѰҵѶȡ
վɽʹߵģԵıΧҪ߳٣æѸٵȥ
ҲСˮڵʶǰǿ٣ʶʶأ˺Ҳ˵ˮʶǳġ
ҲһЩ©ʲôкл۾ױԻ󣬶ʶҲǡ
һЩҩݵ¶Ļʶͻ׵ıƭȥ
ˮѾ֪ͨݵ©ģʶھҵͨݣ©˱Ҳ㣬ôôĴɽҪȻҪʲôʱ
ȡⷽˮ֪ġ
ܿˮѾߵλһ飬ʧзֺܶ΢ǿҵĸӦ﷢ֲһЩʯͷһЩԵҩݡ
ֻЩˮôȤǽЩսɾ²ǿϣԽʧԽ
Ѿϳһʱ䣬ҲԼѰһЩĶͨɽеܳ㣬ԲһЩĸҩݡ
һʱ佫ɽȫһ飬õ٣еջˮҵͨݣҲ֪ǸõԸ
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ôˮѾľˣǰûһΡɽᱧźܴϣ̤ȥֻһδεʧѾûǰǷΡ
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ˮһɫɽȻܸߣߵģȴˮоߴһָоɽͦζ͵ֻзɲȥ
ͻȻˮоɽһͨݣˮԺͻȻֵģеѪٴμ
ԶԶĿɽһˮ嶼еܼôʱ˶ľˣȴͻȻָо
һоˮôģоһʶһʲ͸ǰǳ
ˮʶкСļʽзΧӣһ˲̨ΧκζĳʶУȻֻһ˲䣬ǸܵͨݵĴڡ
ˮվǰʶͨݲԶһǿĴڣһֻ޴Ľһĺӡ
ͨ۱Գ
ȻֻǴҴһãˮϳֻѩ׵ľ޴Գʮ֮࣬һ׳ޱȵľһ޴ֱֱӴ󣬱Ҳϸһ˲ˮ͸ֻܵ޵Ŀ£оͷԸֻ޴ͨ۱Գ
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ֻͨ۱ԳĶ֡
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ˮһ̶֪ôˣһ뻹࣬ʹȫҲûа취ҲͷĶ˿޷סԷˮڶ׻ǲܶסԷ˲䣬Ҳһٵʱѣ̵޷ƣ޷ʩչ˺
ͨݾȡʵڶԲԼ뿪Уˣͨ۱Գ۶Ĵڡ


890 ͨ۱Գѵĵɽ
ʵÿһ֮⣬Ȼûֻܲȡ͵ˣˮʵǰѾˣֻͨ۱ԳӲ
ˮǰʶѾɨͨݵ䣬ȻҲɨֻͨ۱ԳλãͨݵĲԶ
֪Ҫͨ۱ԳʶѣǲܵģˮɾѾͷ룬ɫɽȥ
ߵúȡͨݣѾõһ꣬ǰʶҴһɨѾ϶ͨݾǧϵҩ䣬Ҫһ㣬ֻǲ֪Ϊʲôֻͨ۱Գûзõ
ѵҩѾǾǧꣿڵҩݣ
ˮɻţܲûУҩݵʱҲһأأҩֻҪܳݵҲγһɡɲ֮ǳġ
ˮڲô࣬ôֻǿ뿪һᣬֻҪ뿪ʲô˵ԼõͨݺҲֱܡ
һɽĽ£ˮ͸ܵһʶɨ㲻ˮɴȻʶɨԼǾԼʵ
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ˮûԳô£ַ·Ҫ˺ķεĽֲֻ֮͸оһֻ޴Ĺޡ
ˮǵʶѾűֱĶɽȥƺоǵǿʶԼһЩ
ǵʶˮôŲæɽȥԿ϶ԷԲ뿪̫ͨԶĵطˮŸ󵨵ǰ
ͷǱˮŵһ򣬲̫һεɽֻĿ̫ǿɲͷ
ˮԼգһߺͷнһ
ɽϵԳӴ̶Űˮеʾ֮⣬ȻԼʵöԷ˼ɣһ߻ֻۼͷ룬ӦҲܸоԷҪػı
һֱɽɽϾܴģҲǿֻ޴ͨ۱ԳģɽҲɽʯеĶǼ׸ߣֲïܣľƬɽϿ׳
ˮΧʶչ۲ͨ۱ԳĶȻһϤĵطͬʱҲʼͷҲɽķ
Ϊˮɽĵرʺͷ룬ΪͷĸʴԴںܳһʱ䣬ʺϽ
ˮʱͷսвû˵һӦãǱʶΪ֩Ҫʵͷʱرͷ
һ֪ˣΪͷ֪ôΪ˷ģ綴ڽ߽ԼΧм䡣
ɽϲƽԺܶطʺϽͷǵһսͬȼʵġ
ռĻһֱͷúֻܶͬûа취һСľͻʬ޴棬Ϊͷ˿ƣͲˡ
ˮˣֻͨ۱Գľ뻹Զˮ뻻һַ֪ļȻһ⡣
ʶͷ뻻һԼ߸˼ŽôܰѶԷ
ˮƵƺܾ쵽Լ뷨ʹһǲ뿪ǸطҲе޲ߡ
ûжʱ䣬ͷˮߣˮͷΧܵĸʴҶ㡣
ȻҧҧǷųֻ룬Ȼгվʩչ̤ͺУлޡ
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ˮ֪ԼЩ޳ͷܲеֻš
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ˮɽǾ޴ͨ۱ԳԶʱʧˡ
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ˮ뵽ɾԽԽ죬Ҫ֪ǰһ˲ҲΣֵģһСľͻԼˡ
ͨ۱Գڿˮֺԥһ¾޴Ӱһһ޴ֱһֻһĴˮһ̿бһ޴ĺڶ
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ʱˮȴǿͨ۱Գһͷ߿£һҪǰܰͨ۱Գ߳ȥһЩ롣
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᲻úײסǣ
ˮһֻͨȥԶܣֻǺܿͱͨ۱Գͨ۱ԳӰҲûж
ˮҲͦģٴгһֻһֻʷ䣬ͬҲûͨ۱ԳһȴǰһЩ
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ͬʱҲںͷ뽻ӿǰٶȣҪãԶʱǿԱ
ˮںܼΪͨ۱ԳѾ߳˲ʮˣʱɽѾͷӰ
ˮͼɰܾһˣڸǼٵĶͷҪãһҪãʱֻҪܳŹȥһЩʱ䣬ûκ顣
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ͷͨ۱Գţƺơ
ˮȿֵģͷܴԺǰ;ҲǲˮȫȻͨ۱Գľ޴ӡ
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һͷ뽫ʵҲת£һǳ׼ŭͨ۱Գ
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ͬһʱ䣬¼絤֮ˮҲǳȥĿͨݡ
ͷٶҲǺܿ죬屶£ͨ۱ԳҲѷɫһŵĸʴͨ۱Գȥ


891 ͨݵ֣Ǳ
ˮȥǰѾȫʵת۷壬ܵסԷĹЩʱҲܼ
һȥͨ۱ԳͷˣŭĽ·Ҫ˺һͷˮȥ
ͷȻͨ۱ԳˮѸٸϣ˿ѾĲסͨ۱ԳԷɳˮ
ͷ֩޷ͨ۱Գȣ˿ܿͱקΣͷҲקͨ۱Գȥ
ʴ
ʴ

ͷĶ˲Ǻüͨ۱ԳȥеͷŬı䷽
һ赲Ϊˮȡ˲ʱ䣬һʱ䣬Ѿͨǰһһץסֱ
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ˮûü˾͸оһɴԼ޿ɱܣǻѾʹˣˮ֪ûκЧġ
ɾѾȻǰ㣬ͬʱʹ칬ġ塱̫ȭеġƱա
أ
ˮʸһıȥеˮʶһģ֪ܻԣҵʹҲ˲ѡ
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ͷˮط۵糸һıȥרҽλãͷˮڡ˿ɡ״̬£ٶȾԵǿޱȡ
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ˮҲܣ΢ָһóһꡰѸٵĳԵǰǻסƱ֮ɲ㱻ɱˮʹ˽ɾ
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ͨ۱ԳҲƾǿԲŻһֱ׷ϣȴǷ֣ٶƺôһ㣬ΧץĶ
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ÿһʱ䣬ˮ濴ȥֻͨ۱ԳﲻϵǻɽѾĲˡ
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ˮڵǶʮ֮ξжǶʮĻֱӵʮ֮Ϊˮһȥֻԡ
Ͼͷ룬ԸֻӦò̫ѣˮҪֻϵĲϣ꺮붼ûа취ȥˮ㣬ҲΪͷ룬ȻˮжԶ߶ԶԼڵʵֻֻбɱķݡ
ɫɾҲȥˣڽȥֻеڶˣɾڲܽҲʹãʮﴦģΪͷ룬һԵ޵дڡ
һյش޳͸͸Ұ⣬͸ͬʱҲ˳ҹˮڴһЩ顣
ľǿͶǿˣҩˮԺĳ֣ͨݣҩ׼ȫϵõͨݣѾȫˡ
һֱҹˮŽɾͷһȥһˮʼ׼Щҩģժҩȡ
ŴҩģЩ׼ʵҲǺܺʱģһ׼ЩһֱɾʱŰЩ׼á
뿪ɾˮͷŽϳλȥٶȲ죬Ҳˮǰϵ
ޣԼЩ޳֮϶òϣҲֻΪվʵҲԵģշħϧʵ̫ȻսǺġ
ԺҪԼЩ޵ʵɾٵģ˵ˮ˺ܶࡣ
ˮôҪԼ޶ﵽͷ׶Ρ
ƺѣͻƵۼǳļѣԼҪźܳһ·ҪߣԼбѩʥˮǺĵġ
ٴߵԵϳԵͨ۱ԳҪö࣬ûжԷ󣬽ԵҪǳͨ۱ԳȻʵȴǲ˺ܶ࣬ڽԵʵӦñͷҲ硣

һξ뻹ԶѾǽԵľ޴ҲǸܵͷϢɣܿˮٴοϤĽɫӰڰա
ˮĲֻԵȷޱȣǺ΢΢еһһ𺳣ϧǾ޴Դʱǰĸо͵Ȼ޴档
ˮһˣΪǽԿͷֱ͵Ĵȥһ޴ˮűϢ
ˣ
ˮû뵽ôǿ޻زκϵӵ
ˮͷϵǰԳֵĵط֪ﻹһƬںһˮƵǱӴܣûпƬں
ƬںˮǳʵĽɫƯޱȣƬˮƺ֣ܳ뵽ǰˮһ뵽ǾŴʫʣɽڸ飬ˮ顣


892 ߲ݡ߲ݣǿ
ȻƲ⴫˵еĴڵûл治ȷˮУҲûô棬ϾˮеһĴڣһֲµġ
ݴ½ҲһֶǿޣһˮֻһǿҲһ㡰˵еķӦҲǣ֮ҲҲڴУˮĻ
ЩҲ˵׼ˮеںʱڡϹʱҲֻһЩдͨ˵ѡ
˵һжǲ²⣬ˮڸоһнпܣڸˮɣˮҲš
վⲻǺܴĺߣһЩΪԿڹʲôģҲЩʳϵײûʲô־ɡ
Ȼܰܣˮǳ׷ˣҵһѵλóͣѾܾûдˡ
Ҫˮʺر𣬼֣ˮоһһЩԵĶʲôöҲûʲôϵ͵ɢĺˣһͨɽ֮׬ˡ
ϣˮŷŽȥͲһȻѾˣֱһϾôһᣬоӦϺз֮Ķࡣ
ֻǵˮһݣˮݣ߲ݣ
ˮû뵽Ե߲ݣƬˮǳԣеҩݣǳ⡣
ҩޱȣֻܸҲκҩԣȴκҩʦĶΪⶫҩʱһ꣬һҩٷ֮ٳɹ
ĸҩݣҪ֪ݴ½ҩĳɹʺܵ͵ģ˽߲ݾͿһҩٷְٳɹ
һҪĵҩҪҩݣʧܺûҩʱ֪߲ݵˡ
ЩҩݻҪĶ࣬Ϊ߲ݿЩҩݵõãȻһʧֱðЪޱȵҩݴˮƯ
߲Ȼ㲻ĵرȴǱĵر󣬿ĵر
߲ݾˮģˮֱӽɾˮУû뵽һź죬һͨɽջ޴
ȻˮԼҩģ˵ǰٷְٳɹһҪǿͶǿֵҩҩرһʧˣˮľˣͨݣ˵ˮʧһΣԼҩģʧһεĻᣬˮĽǿͶǿƳ
߲ݣƳѾϵĶˣˮżϣܶЩ߲ҲУⶫȥҲԻѪĶ¾ԼҲС
ʱƯֶˣˮͣһʱֱӽһˣǺͽ߲ݼһģһҩݣֻɫɫ
߲ݣ
ͽ߲ݵĹЧƣֻǲǰٷְٳɹɵɹʣȻͽ߲ݵļֵ̫ˣޱȵĶϾ߲ݲôѰҵģҩʱ߲ݵҲࡣ
ϡΪ
ڱ˵ɵĳɹҲܰٷְٳɹˮһ߲ݣˮ԰ٷְٳɹŻеġ
ƬǸ޴ıˣˮѣȻõֵǵҩݣȻǽˣõĺôѾԵĺôˡ
˷Žȥˮ鷴ƽޱȣһȻûô̰ģȻöϲҲ֪Щǲǿġ
һ㣬ˮְŵˡ
Ĵһֻͨ㣡
λǣ

ˮûκβƽ̬ͣоһܣʱ仺Ĺȥ˾֡
һ˵һ
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ˮȵĽ⿴ûʲô仯ĿռУֶԶܳʱ䶼ûκα仯ռ»
ˮſռûмŴ򿪣Ǵͷ뿪ϼʱ䣬һߴ˳ǿͶǿ
Ͻɾһ»ǰͷҲȥǴעԵĶģе㲻ġ
ȻԼͷֱŵǱӴܣе㲻ģֻѶˮ˵ҪںûбҪͷա
ɾתһϹǿʵָ۷״̬󣬲ſʼҩ
ó¯ˮȰѼִõҩݷŽȥ
ٰĶ׼ãǰ߲Ҳ÷һߡ
ˮԼģ׼Ͻ߲ݣΪһԼκһ
һҩˮʶǰȾǿܶ࣬ǿʱ֪ΪӶҩҲõ
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һɵĽţȴ
¯һֹ¯Ʈһ㵭Ľ֮ȴǲɢȥ
ҪһʱʱżӽȥһõҩݣǿʮҩݣعҲҪʱ䡣

һֱھˮŽһζҩݷŽȥ߲ѾѷŽȥ߲Ȼҩɹʰٷ֮٣ҲҪҩʦҩУҸҩʦĻҩʦϹȻʧܡ

һֱھһӵʱˮοһųɹˡ
Ҳ֪ɹɻǻῪޱȡ
ˮҲûüȥǿֱӻصϢ̫ˣڸ߶Ⱦ״̬ǿΪҲǺ۵ġ
ĸʱˮ׼ʱۣһˮϢĸʱ󶼻׼ʱЩ룬ʣµһٺȡ
Ȼˮеǽ¯򿪺󿴵һҺ˴Сɫҩ֪һŵҩǻšš
ǿЧʵɵʮɣͬʱͨͻѨ

ãóƿһǿװһˮûмȥƶǿ
⼸ȥںһǲڴ߲ݣûʮɵİ£׶֡
ͻȻ뵽һռûµˮ뿴Ͼںһġ
óˮʶɨһ飬ȻſУһˮͱĳһͷ׬ˣ׬ˡ
ȿʮ߲ݣһ²Żˮо׬ˡ
߲ݵƺһЩռ󣬵װĶĶ֮⻹ҩʲôġ
ˮеɻռеĶ϶ҩݣҶҩݣеõĶˮɲ
ռһǸҩʦҲеõ˽߲ݺ߲ݣ֪ľѰҩݡ
ֻˮĲ²⣬ӦҲ׼ȷ˵ӦҲ࣬Ͼ˭ﲻ̫ѵĵõһ߲ݣöʱֵõһꡭ
ԺܻܿҩݣʱסԼ̰ĵ˾Բ࣬ҲǰԲûȥˣҩʦı˰ɡ
ˮڿռߣͻȻһ￴һƤֽһ󼤶ΪӦһҩ


893 ߵҩǿɣ̵
һҩ
ˮѾþûеõҩˣȻһҩҲϳǸоԼҩȱ
æóƤֽչһۿ֣ߵ
ˮæ䷽һζҩǽ߲ݣȻ󿴿ҩݷǸռжѾ׼ȫ
ˮԿ϶ռһǸҩʦӦûǸǿҩʦϧԼû뵽ɡ
ˮߵĹЧߵ÷˳ȹÿеһֶμ𣬱һʶһЧÿ޷һţ޺඼ʹá
һ£ˮֶԼѾûʲôôˣⵤҩǲֻǲ֪ߵһοƼţһֻ߲һţǾˣ治ֵ
ˮߵҩſռٴη£ֶ˲ٽ߲ݣ⼸촹һҲ߲ܿܵݣԼƶǿˡ
ڿ춼ڰԼϢһˮʼƶǿŰٷְٳɹĸʻʲô
ǿʵǿҩʲô˳ҩͬѣ˳ޱȡ
ټϽ߲ݣûκѹܿľƳɹˣͬɫĵҩ֪һΪǿһҩ
ǿЧҲûκα仯
ǿЧľ;ɵʮɣ˵ճ̶ȡͬʱǿͶǿ벻Ч
ǿʵ»ܴͨͻѨǿǴӾ;ġ
ˮǰϣѹǸͬʱϣ벻Чǲ֪ʲôЧ
ζҪĶҲضؽڣںϣˮоһԼ巢޴ı仯
ҲԼͻĻˮѹסԼеľϲǿڴƿС
ǿͶǿѾɣȻصǸʱͿԷãϣһԼ˳ͻƣԼھݴ½˵λ
ҲϾͻˣȻ黹һ򣬵ǾۻƺǰҪ˲١
Ҳ֪ʲôЧ⼸컹ˣ״̬ﵽ۷ʱͿʹǿͶǿˡ
ڶ죬ˮɳ̲ϴ̫ȭͨȭһͨȭͻ뵽ֻͨ۱ԳȻֻֻ޴ıԳֻһȭ֪һȭľԼͨȭҪǿܶ࣬ǸеХԳͨ۱Գûκοɱԡ
ֻˮһֱûгˮҲûа˼ϣ׼ٴ뿪
ҲҲ̫ȭɾҲˣġ
촹ʱô֣ǿʱ׵ĵõǿʱ򷴶ôҲòͶͲ
õǸռˮѾûôеõ߲ݣȴǵõꡭ
ˮое㲻ʵ⼸߲ݶŽˮˡ
ʱһιȥˣˮ˵ʱ仹ͦģֻȻûٳ֣Ҳûȥں׿Ĵ㡣
ҪʹǿͶǿ
ͷ룬ˮš󡱵ķȥʮＴʹþҲǺܿģϾͷ룬ûκι˼ɣһʱͻصʮ֮
ȥʱͻʱֽȻͬ飬ûöʱ䣬ʱ־Ѿϵ
һ㶼εģǱ˷ˣǸ󣬼һ˽֪ĵطˡ
ĶǺΣϴɱֻѪܣһη徲ֻмֻСޣܿӿˡ
ڵȻ棬ӦúܺڵģΧһЩʯԼҹʲôģһҲڣ϶Ҳ͸һ
ͷĴˮᵣǰԼˮϥڵڣʼתϹǿ
һʱˮվóǿͶǿȻֱѸٷ£ͬʱҲûбҪһţֻҪһǰһʱ䲻һӶͬʱá
ˮһζˣ֪һͬʱŵҩһΣգҲʱľ״ָ̬۷žʹõġ
ټʹǿĵҩǿѹһЩҩҩ԰һЩ
ŵҩѸȥܿһɻȺһϢŸԵľУٶȻ
ˮҲվתϹǿûпȥЩϹӹ̾ϹÿһС춼һЩ
ԽԽǿرֿ񱩵ģǵϢֱͨʶġ蹬ͼҲǷѤĹâȻѤֹӵɫ
еԽԽǿˮԾǰ̤һѹǿ
ǰǾ㹻ǿ󡢼ͣȻȻᱬˮԼľͻǺŵģȻҴ⡣
ȻԶתˮƺиһҲǺȻԶתһãȴһؼãһ˱͸һһĿվͲ
Ҳһ޴ҲһСףͲᴵ
һжֲͬһжΪȻؼͨȻ԰еһЩ֮ۡתеľųЩûõģΪڳĿռ䡣
ĺȻǿģһʱȻסˣˮĿڲϵӣȸֵġ
̫죬ˮĻ᲻ıϵ쵤ʱҲѸתɫĹâܵľɢȥ
ˮһҲΪɫһˮŲһǰ̤һɫѾһƬ

еڿ񱩵ӣˮѾߵм䣬Ѿܵˡ
˵ƭ˵ģˮҧأεٴǰ̤һ
ۣ
紦ȴֱ쮴һɫ·סѪɢ䣬εˮֻܾתƣȫֲ֣ܴ
ӷתϹÿתһС춼еľɢһ㣬ȴӵĸࡣ
ˮٴҪͬʱϵȴǴһĴ죬һܿǴϲ
ԭ弶ϵһֱûжʱȴͻˣеĿ糱ˮһϵӶȥ
ˮˣϵ﷢ʵı仯Ȼûиĵǿ󣬵˸ӣǸɫȴǻˣҲǽɫӻϵǿ
һˮоһ˲ޱȣΪп񱩵ӣȻҲڿٵС


894 죬̻ᵤ
ȵϢϢûκα仯һӣһˮֻܿЦϣһ˳أݴ½ÿ춼кܶ౬ϣΪ̰ɵġ
ܿϵͱǿеӣˮĲǰ
ǰļǿѾԭطٴαűһˮĴر
ƺҲڲͣķ΢ı仯ϵµѾڻͨҲΪˮ˾޴
ǰϵ﷢˱仯ˮ治֪ᷢʲôýӳ˺ܶࡣ
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һѣҵʹˮҧţͻƵĹ̲Σջʹģַ˵ĥЩԸͻơ
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ִȻͻƺһ㵽ڶҪǿͻƣڻȻͻƣǿͻҲôʹ࣬Ϊʵ¡
ˮ߼ת۷壬ֻʵҪԸ΢Ŀе
ۣ
ûסˮ³һѪѾǿľ˵·һֻ޴ͰһСľͻը÷ǡ
ͻȻˮڸоʱϵٴη˾޴ı仯
Һ
ǰոϵȻҺһЩҺ̬еٴοӿϵʹϵı仯
ˮʱһͬʱҲɻϵγɵʱһŽɫӣʱϵȷе˵ֻǿиϵ
쵤ͻȻھ޴ֱ֮ӽ黯ųΪϵ浤һ
Ҳǵˮӵĵ
֮ˣ൱һʵ١ӵʵжֱӺ͵йϵûеֻܺͨһֲڵֻܷ֮ӳһЩʵҲҪ;ǿġ
һﱻҲͷˣߵĵﲢô׷ϵģһͻϵģλñĵطӡ̡
ˮӵʵٱһοʵӡ
ʵͣоһͻϣСĿܵǺܴ
Ȼˮ죬ȴǱǿֲѾƵϣһβͻƾֻܱˡ
Լ̰ģһջ̫̰ˣһһŷҲϺܶ࡭
ˮһ˲ͷϵﻹڷž޴ݳ޵һЩġ
ĸףþûмĸˣŮھݴ½׵ˣԼĸ֪ô
ǣкӣˮлһɲľͷͬʱ֮ҲԶת
һ˲ˮܵеľƺƺҲ΢΢۾һִһɢһ˿ǿս⡣
ʱһĹȥǿٴνˮȫҧصˮ֧ţ޴ӯţҲһĳʶе蹬
ܿһˮǱˣڵ߸˿ҲǧһʱпܻΪҽ
һˮɻȫԸѾȥԼ᲻ͻƣȫעɢ·ɢȫ
ģˮѾԼԼʲô
ͻȻˮӰһŤˮ۵ĻһԼһΪһ㱬塣
Ҳһ̣ˮһĽӰɢѤĽ⽫ˮ
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һһ˵رĺˮϾȻһȦ貵Ĺâ
ƺһ˲·ըһΧһ˿˿ĺɫϢʱˮ˫Ȼ˫һޱȣȴǷ·ħһ
ϵ·ֱըѣΨо𣬶ˮ·֪ʱѾ޴ľϲĲ֪ˡ
ǰһ˲䣬ˮѾѹպÿµһ˲Ľڵĳ棬ؽһ
һܵ嶼˷츲ر仯з·õһۿɼıǿȫͬϵֱӳﴦ
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ᵤ
ʱˮĵﴦһŽӲӺҴСĽ𵤣ɢĽ֮ɫתţ̲ŵˮϲ
ˮѾȷԼͻƵˣһ쵽ʱ̬쵽Һ̬
쵽ͻƺҺǳ׶м׶εͻ䣬м׶Ÿ߼׶ͻơ
̻Եһ
ᵤˮȻȴǵ鷢ǾȵĲˣϵﵹûнᵤҺ̬״̬
ͻǰͻȷе˵Ҳһʱ䣬ˮȴǷ·߸оǧһ
һָоһ־ı仯ںܶණѾʦͨ˽һЩǰ֪飬ҰƺҲ˲١
ͷԼæɾһˬ·²˿¾Ȼˡ
ˮһķ칬͸Լģȴǻˣое㲻ᡣ
ΪȷһԼǷͻƣˮתϹǿһֱŵıͻˣڵʵҲԿ϶Լͻˡ
Ҳǿϵԭʵеϣͻľıʵﵽʮǡ
ֵˮóʱ䲻ţеһжʵģͻƺ󹥻ͷںˣʮǡ
ʵʮǣ治Ϲǿ߼׶Σһ쳣ؼĽ׶Σ̻ᵤ
Ȼ֪һͻʵһʮʮʮˮ֮
뵽ϵһο˵ϵ˾޴ãоһʵôһϵͻеĹϵ
ʮǣڽ֮ջնˮԶתʵﵽ˰ʮǣȻҲת
ĺȻ
ˮƽ״̬Ҳﵽһǵʵ
ɽɵıʵçţɱʵնɵܻɵɵͷϽĳɵӣһȫʵ
ˮѾԴһپʮǵʵϽִʩչܴİǵʵ
ͷڵʵ¡
ϱǽѾԴİǵʵͻƺˮڸоͷʵǰɲ⡣
ˮӰתҪϤ屩޴ͻƺһʼܾȷʹԼҪиϤĹ̡
ͨȭ
ˮе֮ҪڷйһɾƬտ֮ʼͨȭ
ͨ
һ֮ȭͷϳһ𵴣ȭˮеѪڣһȭ˵ļǿʵо̫ˬˡ


895 󷨿Ź
һһʱȥʵһ޷԰εľ磬һöһһ᲻ʧˡ
ڻûʧرǿңȻ֪ģƺϹͻܵһ
ʱˮһõһץţһ־ͻᱻһ
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ʵеսʹԭľҲʵսǷʵһ˵ġֻǿ˲սӳǿȻսҲֻǰڼӶѡ
ɱƼɵԻǻ㾦һһɳḶ́Ծš
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ˮеսʩչһŽͣʱ˵ģֲ֪ô˭ͻȻҸ˷ԼʱĿġ
ʵҲʶʱٴδ˲һͼǰʼֻôСѾһ붼ˡ
蹬
ˮ蹬ʱһ£蹬оȻҲһŶӴСĽɫӣȻСȴɢҫ۵Ĺâ̺ľˮľ
ʶҲʱ䣬ˮڿԸܵǿ󣬺ǰ֪ǿ˶ٱ
ͻǰһֱ֮ͻƵԲ磬ʮʹûҲʮ˺
ˣӵľҲʮͻǰ֮ͻƵԲҲҲϲڣһʱ䡣
һηԾͻƴĺôѾԽˮ󣬱ˮоʮԶѾǼޣû뵽ʮϵֲ
֪ģӦ״̬УԷ˯ܿһܹȥˮƿϺǿҪһ̫죬òôʱȥϤʶϤٵģʹҲһܵʱ䡣
εͻʶˮһ磬޳ȳƣⲢױ͹ֽʵоһ㡣
ƽˮͻȻ뵽ϹǿԼʲôˣһ뵽ܼʶ￴ȥ
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ˮܼʶڵ󷨺Ͷ󷨵Ķرģ˿ͷֻһһͻǰֵģڲſȥѧϰ
ֺܶ࣬ˮ¿һܵľǰԷλ
ԷλָǬ롢㡢ޡҡ
ǬΪ¡ΪΪȡ㡢Ϊ󳦡Ϊ׵ȣΪϡΪϡΪҼ硢ҼۡΪƢΪȣ룺ΪϡΪϡΪͷΪġΪĿȣΪ¡ΪΪΪΪȡңΪҡΪΪߡΪֱۡΪڡΪεȡ
ԷλӦط򣬾ҲԼİԷλسʼΪ磬翪Ҳνǣǻ󻯰ԣ˰ʮ԰
ˮЩ˽⣬ǽһЩѨҲһ۴ǿЩûпԼ֪ĲŻͣĥһ
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󷨵ǿͲǿŷֲĹϵ֮˱ҪнŹޱȣòг磬֮
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žǾŹзŹһжǺͰԷλйϵټϲ棬ٶȺͷλռƣҲܴǿ
ˮʼ򵥵ѧϰŹڲźǿ裬ϰԷλҲֵĺܿ졣
ˮҲֻǼ򵥵ɨһ飬ûпھȥѧֻҪͳĿһ飬׶ʲôǿĶ
Ź֮¾һЩ󷨣ĿǰƺҲûмһǵɱ
ɱǲ֮ʹþŹΧġλһЩ򵥲Եɱȷе˵㲻󷨣ȴǴһ󷨵ĶҪþŹ¡
΢С󡢴ʮħ󡢾СǶ󡢱ڤɷ󡢴ǳ罣󡢰а󡢾ŹľʮʮзǬߵ󡢱ħ󡭡
ˮһ󷨿󣬵Щһ붼ǻɫģֻļЩеĺϤеĺİָоƺرǿ
ˡħ󡱺͡󡱣Щ湻˵ģˮڿɲЩڿѧϰˣȻܷŹҲҲͨǿ
ʱ仹е㣬ˮȿļ󷨣ֻ
΢С󡢾С󡢾Ź
ˮЩ󷨵ʱŸоڵǸʲôСƣ󷨲öֻܰѶ
ĶԺܶ࣬ʯӡ졢޵Ĺʯľɽʯ
ĲֿΧһУ硢꣬е綼ϣһԵĲǿ߿һɡҡ
ʦһߵĴڣҪ֧ţҪҪһЩĶ
ʦҪ츳ָߣݴ½Ӳȱ󷨵ˣϴһƬص˺١
һЩͼʦҲû˻ȥǣһСıС
ˮŹͿжȹġ
ŹǸḶ́Ź㣬ˮʵ֪һֱûдﵽ磬ǰֻĲǿ˵Źˡ
һԪǲ󲽡в²ǲԲŹ
ǾŹĴӵ͵ߵһ磬ǰԼݵ󲽣ʱ̫οҲ֪ãһֱڲֲ֪ԭãЧ졣
ˡ˾󷨣Ҳֻǿѡ
΢󣬴󹲷ޡáţڶϣ룬ڼڼϣв֪һϡ룬룬ױŦʱ̸ű仯;飻źڰᣬַѰӦֻſԿͨ
һ㶼֮ţҲд˵󣬲̫һ㲻ųƺǲ᲼
ҲһЩ󣬺ܶ඼ʧˣ˵ʱҲԵģžԵҲƿֻб㹻ǿƿһЩǿ󣬲Ȼ޽⣬ΪƿҲеܵ˺ⶫر

֪ʱѾ˸óɾˣϴһ߳ȥڣ˳ȥͷ밲Ĵڴ
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ڻжʱ䣬ˮʹͷ߳ո˵оԼƺ첻µزһȫԸо߰ʵҵҲκβԼԸԼȻԼľŹСɵĻսֱӳɱ
ͻˣˮоԼǰĴֱһ·ƽ̹ޱȣ˵ϲ˵鶼˱仯
ԼӦǳ˰ɣٲ״̬¿Էӳǵʵ籾ʵҲҪܷӳʵоǿ԰ʲôʵŵ
硰ڡЩˣȻֻһȺߣҲû˸ȥǣʱرĲƽͬʵһףʽתһߵһһķϵԷ
˵ҲͬʵʱԷӵʵҲصĲ࣬ʱʵǱġ
ʦʦĴڡ
һκͷٶȣɹİͷ׵棬ǰͷٶǿɼȴǿ˦ں棬һ޴ķԾ
ʱˮͷٴνɾѾʱȥڶ쿪ʼˣ˷һʱ䣬ҪȹסڵʵŬھŹϵõһͻơ
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Źѣǿ¹ܳɵģҪߵ츳ٶɵҩҲûãΪ΢仯ǽ̲ģӦ䣬Ź֮ھһ磬Ҫߵ
Եеһ˰ʮ԰ЩҪݣŹѺܴ
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ݾŹϻչ˳Ҳоͦ۵ģ˾ͻϢһԵƣ
ˮǻȥЩ󷨣ڿһЩڲĵߣʯӡľݡ졢ʲôĶԣҲнġ
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оһЩ޵ĹͷֱޣҲԣǿ߱гҿԶһЩ򵥵ĿƣţƽѶȡ
ñжһЩһһɱһЩɷҪһЩմȾѪıһЩ
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С֮໥԰˲֮ĳһϣΪ֮ѭˣԿ԰֮˲֮һϣһּ޽ӣҪ֮ϡ
ˣֻҪֶԷУ̿СеĿƶԷе˳ս˵ʵ޽ӵϡ
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ˮܿģͨһЩʯһЩ󸻺Ķؼеٶĳ̶Ⱥ;ǿйϵʺһЩչ֮ͻƵĿԡ

С󣬿԰һ鲻ס޷룬ʱˮҲ֪СʲôãԺ˵ɡ
һʹõҲǿһˮҲһǿ󷨡
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ʹõĶþŹͬ˾ͿԲ󣬵Ҳ棬ŹĻ鶯ԺԣĻҪɶԷС
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һξһܵʱȥˣ
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һˮʵɣȫʵɣϽܺʱԴ߰ǵı
űǽʱǿԴٶǵıǻ׵·Դӡ
һ̫ǿΪʩչԻһ㣬ѴЧһǿĹȻڹʱ˲٣ǺѴЧǶԷ
Ҳԭ򣬲Ȼһϴ˵еսˣˮֻ˲Сгɾ;ͿɵȫʵԺҲǿ󣬵ˮҲеģԽٶȻԽ
ֹ죬ˮ̤˷ؿǵķ򣬲·ϵٶȺؿǹҪһҵʱ䡣
ҲûˮЩߴɽ֮䣬ԼĻɾʱŬѾԽԽˣԼҲԽԽá
ͨɽǿҲǺܶ࣬ͷ롢Ŀʨͨ۱Գˮϵģǿ޿ɲǾôֻֻǵѡģطźܶͬǿĴڣЩǰֻ޲Żһֻʾô͡


897 ߳ͨɽؾ
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ǧڳֵʲôʵУȺģ֣˵ЦϴͨɽΣյģϲЩǿޡ
һ򣬼ϵǴɽɽѨʲôģû˰һƬϣ˵һɽʮҲ©οû˻
ÿ˺ܶ࣬дЦض飬ִˮ̧ѾѪ߰ߵˡ뿪ģЩÿھݴ½֪ᷢٴΡ
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ɣˮᣬҲԭʮһµʱ䣬Ź£ˮҪɬȻҲô
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ŹҲǰųɣߵ·Źû֮ǰ̫ˣˮޱȣ֮ɾҲûͣ˳Ե㶫˯һᣬʱ䶼˾Źϡ
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ʱɾУˮǰѾŹһŹѾ԰ˮս̫ˣٿںܶʱڲ֮أڡŹߣġŹûа취սʤˮ
ŹˮռĵһʱصģΪŹˮŹɹʱԶˮߣԶֻҪԷŹˮͲܣοˮľŹڲϵ

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ڵˣֻǲ֪ڵ˭Զһ壬ڿǸȹŮӣһ㵣ġ
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ǺǣҴûһŮԼĤݣŮһԼߵһһһ֪ģԼԼһء
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ȢŮ˵ҲǸԵҲԶˡ
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ţлл㣡
ˮǺЦš
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Ҳ֪˵ʲôǰˮÿģԾľ˹ͻȻ·һҲ֪ԼֻǿǸѶѣΪʲôǰд
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˲˳ʱ塢׻һЩҲ˹ͬʱɢȥϢȴҲɢȥ
´С㱻˹ע൱ߵģһ첻˾û˵ʲô´СǸģǸ˾Ҫ鷳ˡ


898 ˷룬˼
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΢ʵûʵʱô֣ˣҶģעľˮһǲǵõͨݡ
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ţջ񲻴ҵˡ
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ΪŮӣһȥס
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˶ǾĿŸոմһ̳Ů죬˶ǷĴסҲЩƶǶǧݡ
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еӦҲȹƷǧݵľƣûƷǧݵŮ죬Ϊû˻Ůǧꡣ
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ǣֻҪѧҰһĶԽ㡣
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ˮûжڵ飬Ȼ˵ҲʣȻѧ󷨵ĶÿԽһЩڵǸʲô󡱻벻ķۣҲǻ߼󷨣ԲôĸߣȻڵĲ񲻿İ֡
ˮȻϻû̫о̵ˣĿŹɹڿණǲƣȻ֪öʱԿԲʱ䵹ҲԼо󷨣˳࣬ѧپͿˡ
ˮֱȸһͼͼͼͼͼŹͼһЩע⣬ŹҲģֻʲôͿˡ


899 ǣȥ¼ңҴ
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Ů˵ǺǿⶫоŹһζĿ̿ûõģҪԡ
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ֱˮǵʱǲ֪ģǿĵһ𣬲ˮ˵ʱһ飬ȵԼϰʱ˾ͻԶһ㣬ˮҲ˵ʲô˵ǽһ
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ˮһΣ֪һڵ飬ԼֵĻôһҪŮϿԿƶԷ
ˮֱЩҲڿʼϤ֮ϣͬʱҲڿЧΡ
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ԤԼŮĸ֮£ΪһֱŮôһֱκˣô˴ûмһ˱ֹһ׽ֿǵӵܺŮеԶ
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кˮŴȥ
ˮǺһ뿪ܿ¼һЩһ֪и¼ңӾڿǴĺ´СϵеӣѾˡ
һҪӣҪ֪ǿϣ¼С޸һЩ֮Уôõɲ˷ˡ
ͬʱһЩ峤Ҳ뷨ֻǿɲʲôʾΪ֪үʲôˣүŮŮʹ졣
ˮԼ߽˵ǿ߱ģ֪ܿһŮݣǬӣǸŮǬСŮ
ǬҲӣڴǺӱȽٵˣдӶһֵһá
ͬĸãǬӣĸ׾һŮĴӺһĸףӺǸСŮһĸס
ûжã̴ĳŮ˽һ֪ǵݣһ״Ҷ
һμ磬ϵˡ
ǬĴѾʮˣĸҲǬӣȻĺܺãҲΪ̫ԭѾԿһ̬ˡ
ǬĴ·ûŴ̫õ츳ѾǶˣ۷ʵͻƵҲе⡣
Ȼҩ似Ҳʲô˶ܴﵽģ˵۷ˣ󲿷ֵ߻ǼЩС
½·俴ҲСʲôǱ·ǿЩϧҲֻߣȻҲߣļȴе˵ȥ
಻˵ˣ¼Ҳû˵ϧǸŮܸое㲻ִ¼츳ٺãʵҲǿȻŲС
ǬŴǬ츳һ֧츳ѵһѾʮߣ۷Ҳһ֮ңˮҲǾȣΪ츳ĺǿ
һŮѩСС;Ȼˮƣ¼һ֧ƺСƺ츳ǿ
ˮҲ˿ǬӣǸΪͣʣµʵǲףرĸףȻڵ໹Ҫǿ
ͬһʱһ·ͲʮһовˣʱڿмǸһݣӢмһָ͵ӡ
磬ǲȥֹҲ޸һ֮
һɫ˿·ü˵
ǰ磬޸Ǹ˶ûһôڿһٮٮߣǷͬһ㡣
һС꿴ǸЦ
ܣǲʲô취Ҳϣܼ޸٣ҲǸùޣŵԡ
͵Ŀº͵˵ּᶨĴԣ


900 ҴԪԣ
СĽºӣ¼һͷЦү¼ҵĵλһ˿Ժ˭֪ү飬үүҲõĻ¡
СӵĻӲû˵ƽĿΪ˵ĴҶҪҪô졣
鵽һſ԰٣үӴһ֪Ǹ壬үҲ˵ʲôǸٺϲãϧÿ
СºӣҲǱΪ۵Ц˵ﲢûٶ˵Ҷ֪е˼֮ѡ٣һΪҵǿ󣬶ҲǺǿģȻûǿ󣬵Ҳ
֮⻹һ㣬𣬻һԴ˵ԸоֻϣѰ࿴ˣڿǺܶηٶȥӽ¼ҴС㡣
СһȻǲǰȥ֣Ҳңپǲѡ¼ҵˮУȻ޷¼ҴСߵһСҲûˡ
Ҳţ٣ٵԸһǿ֣߳ﲻģҲǸˮʧ
Ƕֻ֪Ҫٳ֣ǵĿľʹﵽˣǲϲˮߵһġ

׺ͼߺȾ죬ϾͨɽڴҶѾ൱ϤˣҺ¼Ҳǽ鲻
壡
˺һھЦǺǵ˵
ڴҺϤҹϵദҲ㲻
ү˵
æ
Ƕ˽Ķ಻ࣿ
ԥһ»ʵ
һ㶣뵽ˮ࿴Ϸ⼸˿˽һˮʲôˡ
ֻ֪ˣɵˣԸͶΪֵܣҪȥͨɽ˵ǽӴܵʱҲ١
Ц˵ЩҲûʲôģ˵Ҳûпġ
ЦЦû˵ʲôͨɽʵӴҲ̫࣬ҲûʲôʱڵʱǶûڳ
ˮԼͨɽʮﴦʲô˶ģҲǴС೤ģԵѾͷеǲġ

ˮ¼ڴ̸ĺǢΪˮģһɾ͹ˣ·½ӱȽֱر·˸оǺ񣬵ǶǺá
ᣬԹƺϲ˵ǬСŮѩƺܻԾϯҲˮȥģˮܺ棬ΪˣȻû˵ʲôϵ
ѩ˵࣬ʱʵˮ֪ôش𣬶Цţû˵ʲôƺҲܺ棬ÿԽѩ˽һ¡
ˮ磬ҽƯƯ
ѩǺǵĿˮ˵
Ư
ˮǿԺܺûشġ
һе㲻ԼеŹֵģĵĺܿʵˡ
ˮϲϲ㣿
ѩգһ˫Ư۾ˮ
ֹѩѾʳˣԼһÿ죬ҿˮŬԼƽ
Һܣڲܸ㡣
ˮƽЦЦǰҲΪѣ֪˵ʲô
Ϊôش𶼲⣬ΪˮûǸ㣬ȻԳû¶شҲȲѡ
Ȼû˵˸оﻹеè壬ǶǺ֪ȤûʣˮĻҲһȴҲһʧ
ʱ洫Ųܿһ¼ҿߵſڣүС㣬Ҵˡ
Ǭüͷһ壬Ҳǣˮ֪Ҵʲôˣ¼ҲһΣ¼ҺҲˡ
ǬԥȻЦɣˮҲʶʶ
ˮЦŲ˵üͷƺΡ
ļһϲŽ㣬Ƥȳǽ񡣡
ѩ̲סֹһ䡣
ѩ˵
ĸæ˵Ȼ֣ȴǳɫ
ľһˮǸҴʱҲһߡ׳ӱԼܸ߳һͷҪ֪ˮֳһ磬ͲڸǲһװˣǰҴס
࣡
Ŀ࣬׳Сţӣǳú⣬ǷһҰԵ˶һЩŮҲġ
壬Ƕڰ
ӽǬͼŮʺá
Ԫˣ
ǬЦ˵
ţ˵ûˣ
Цĺʵ
ˮҲе⣬ôϬЦʵȷʵ˵ϣˮҲоûһ覴á
ಢûκηӦҲûпһۣƺҲûκεĲϰߣˮһҲǲֻǿţľ֣ƺԼԹߣƺڿϷһָо
ˮɣҽԪԣܸʶ㡣
ȴתͷˮЦˮ֡
ˮܸʶ㣡
ˮסԷ֡
һסˮûм֣Ϊ֪Էſġ
ܿˮ͸ܵϴ˾޴һưˮƱȵеС
ˮԪԣһӣ˵ڿСһһԪһŭΪ߳ˡ
ԪһѸٱ÷һɫĹâˮƼȫΧʱƺһҲô࣬뽫ǰСӵ顣
Ǭƺûпһе㵣ĵĿˮĿԪԿ޲ھɱˮ
Ԫϵٴα
ˮǬ֪үڸʲôˮҲǷǳǰһȻ㡰үƨɰɣ
ˮ۾ֱ
ꡭ

һܼ𣬸ǼĲҽС
ˮɿѾӵĴ֣ʱ򷢿ԪһֻˮѸٴ
ˮһ
꣡
һϹǵ
ܶ˶еתˣԪԵʵǻ֪ģһҲǺǿˣڱԷƹˣ⵲һҲܰԪԵĸ첲ϡ
һֻǷˣ˿ˮԪԵԴȥһȥҪˣʱǬæסˮֶ顭
Ǭʱ֪ʲôоǰҲֻ뿴ˮΣеϣĿǴﵽˡ
ˮҲûдɱԪԣҲ֪Ǭֹģоˮо¼ҺҵĹϵӦòá
ҹϵ̫ģõԭΪϣԪ԰峤ǰ¼ס
ҲҴ壬¼˿ѷɫԪԵ츳ҲҲǼ£ҵĵλι̣Ҿ¼ףһȴǸҵ˲١
Ϊ¼ҾܾˣҴһˣŵԵǲþܾģŮûɣǵΪĹߡ


901 Ľ䣬
¼ҾܾˣȻίľܾˣҶȴǲܱģҵĹϵûʲôлĻǲȲ¼ҵġ
ҴڿҺԼ㲻ʵ˵һҪĸԸļ޸仰ʵ͸¶ϢҶҪһ˭һžǺҹȥ
ҲҴϲ࣬ų仰û˸о֣زʧֻ˵һ׷࣬˵ŬһģԾүҲ˵ʲô˼ҲûйֵԼŮ˰Ľѵȥ˼Ҵſ¡
ҪҲͦԲҲǴ򲻹ԭԴûð࣬ȻçײҲзִ磬ֻһƺ϶ˡ
һ˱⿤ҲûʲôֻѾ¼ҵѣ¼ҳڴ¼˵
¼˺ܲˬﻹ١
ٸôҲǵõģ֪ˮ¼ʲôݣֻкȥһͨɽѡ
ɱ˾ɱˣ¼ҵԼϴֻҪߵ˾УһжƺõģޱҲƺõġ
ΪôһġСԼĶ֣ϾżǧҲĻһô
֪ˣشһֱֻ飬һַֻԹۣǶԷһ˵ûг֡
ʲôʵ
ֻ룬ڳ˶룬ˮҲĶܶ࣬ҲһֱΪˮӦò̫ߣԼӦвģڿԼ뷨ܿЦ
ǰûƺ鷳ˡ
ˮЦǬ˵ɫƺеΡ
仰ǬҲе㲻˼еΣҲˮһ˼ʵǰ⿴ˮʵԿ϶ˮǸǿȴǲ˵
ҲˮָһѵϾԼ˲֣ܶŮƺҲϲӣȨһ¡
鷳鷳д裬⡣
Ǭƽ˵Ȼ١
ʱԪֻϣֱִͻȻһȻ˳ȥ
ﲢûκңѪûмƱ飬ѻϾǷϵˣʲôܺõҩ
ԪԵ뿪е㵣ˮȴǸоٻ᲻
ڲǸνˣⲻǻ¼˵û¼ңҲĽ磬ΪŹѾСˣ󷨻Ҫһʱ䡣
ԼʵټϾŹκԼ˹ҪԼǿܶС

磬ٱˮˡ
һ߽¼һ˵˶¼һǿߣֻûǼֵܽá
ϵˣ˵Ķԣˮζգһֱ¼Ҳš
Ǹ˺ΪĸЦ
һŹˮ¼һҲ˵þܾҵѾҺܶˣֱôӷϵ¼Ҳһ
ǸСĽºü˵
ʲôף
Һע⵽ܵɫɻʵһֵܽУ˼ܣһ
ǰõѧ󷨣
СͻȻɫҲ
󷨣ڵ󷨣
ҿݵӽüšܡ
Ӧǣ֪Ǻ˭ѧϰ𣿡
ܽĻָƽ
ˮ
ԣڵġۻˡЩʬ޴棬Һǽʱ࣬ҪǵõϢҪõġ
Сĺӿ绺˵
ۻ˵ʵףҪһɵһ˿κ˵ѵ𣿡
úǸˮеģҲǸոյõϢһۻ˰油ԱģۻΧúˮʱҪ㣬߿ˣʱ˶ˣֳûޣûúˮʬ壬ǰΧúˮģԴֻһúˮɱۻˡ
С̾˵
Ǹ油Աأ
ʧˣӦˣ
õʵɱԷˮ򵥡
ҿݵӿЦ
ǰ׾ٵķϵ٣һҴ˲ǰԻɵˮȻɵҲһ˶Ҫˡ
Сĺôţϵɫ
ڿʼҪκκζҲҪ˵ʲô
Һԥһ»˵
˶ͷǵĿѾﵽˣеڻûʲôΪڲΪ𺦵ˡ

һˮ鷳ġ
ൣĵĿǬ˵
Ǻǣ£¼Ҳ˵ֻܹûֲñˡ
Ǭƺں˵
ˣ¼ûһϵģԼ̸
ˮЦ˵
Уҵѣôһˡ
ཹ˵ȻԲöš
ˮ¼ٲҲôôοѾͷѣǬֻҪžҪȫ
Ǭˮƽ˵еļᶨ˲˿ɣǿġ
ˮЦŵͷյҲ˲١
˵ˮڽѾͷ󷨡
ٴºǬ΢Ц˵ǲʵ
ˮһȻЦ̸Ͻ̣Ҳ֪ƤëСƺȤҾͰ֪ĸ˵˵
ˮǫˣ󷨲ѰǺѽӴģʤһ֪󷨵ҲָЩҶǺǿ󡣡
ǬˮЦ
ˮЦˣ֪ǬʵڻԼݣϾԼֺƺߵúܽΪ׵˽һҲΪ
ҲʲôҡɵˣҲֻйһõһ򵥵Ĺ󷨵飬ƶǶѧһ㶫С棬Ҷóֵġ
ˮƼٵ˵
ˮһЩϵ飬Ǭܾȣû뵽ˮȻûˮʵ֪ʵǿҲȷˮܲܳԼǸо޷ԼΪҪ̫˼ˡ
ٷһֱ˲һʱˮҷ䣬¼һׯ԰¥
ˮûпףڻںȾưɣׯ԰ȥǰˮʵ뵽һЩ
˵󷨵ʱǬԼӦûԼڵˣ֪ʵˡ
ʵˮ֪Ǭ֪ڣݲˣΪˮɱۻ˵Ҳ֪ˣǸܡ֪ĸ磬ңȴǵڡ
ںͿǵͣЩʵҲκβڣһǿܺڶԿģ˵˭˭ͻȥ˭սʤǰܶǳص


902 Ĵˮ԰
ˮׯ԰ţֻǴʱɫеĲɣмοߵˮ
ڵң
ˮЦ˵һ䡣
̾Ȼ˵˵ˮ鷳ˡ
ˮЦЦĸоû鷳ʵΪʲô鷳ĪҺǿ󣿡
ҵûʲôڻӽ
ʱĺң˵ˮ뿪ʱǽɱؼ˵Ҫи׼
ˮʵҲ뵽ڣŮԥѾ֪뷨ѧ󷨵ʱ֪ˣⳤģˮʵͦмġ
ǵԼ߲ˣһԼ뿪Ƿ֮أˮһţ¶Цݡ
˾һߣҾһɣʲôʱ򶼲ıԭİԼˣԼᾡǡ
ˮҲ֪ͨɽôӱ޵ģûаӳʤݣ
࿴ǰѾԼׯ԰ǣͣˮ˵
һηһоһһˮһͨɽһɺϣȴǰۻо˳
ȴǵڣһֱӵȼˣȻڻûб֪ˣϾҪˡ
ǡݳһܶ࣬ڡȭڡš¼ҡҵȣЩʵȻڿǡݳһҲûʲôףԽҲǺܶࡣ
¼Һһ¼󣬵ҲͬһطккͻгͻϾͻַ䲻
ˮĻҲһ֪ˣ
ˮ˵ɱۻ˵飬ҪǱˣǻûö㣬ûв͸ǽ
ʱ©һڲſʼҲʾҪ
࿴ˮʱȴǺƽ
־ͷˣûʲôˣֱӿˣҪҪǻȥԼˡ
ˮҡҡͷֹ˵ȴǺ
ྪȵĿˮ֪˾˵󻰣Ӳ԰ڣȲѵʱŻ¶Լʵ
ˮģںǿġ
ˮһۣһһ䡣
ˮӣЦЦȻЦˣҪˣκ飬Щλôˡ
Щң޴ֵĸоչ
뵽Щеͷۡ
ˮͣסŲȻ۽õһԪҵĲڿƮޱȡ
ˮģһԪԷҲһԪĻĶ㿪
౻ˮĶһ˼Ҳת˺üתǱܵĶ㿪ˣõľȻѧֵĲ
һѾ֪ˮ⣬ʼĶţʵսнѸٵģȻ֪
ˮӲͬĽǶȳУǵʽģӴҪǲƣˮʩչֽǶȵıࡣ
ѭ򽥽ѹϵĿǱˮĲٶȺ͵ꡢǶҲһӣһԪޱȣǰıȣϸӵӦ֣ˮʱѾʩչǲǲҲ
Źľ־磬һʯݣһ׽ȥԽԽԽǿԽԶҲߣÿһһ׵Ļ
ǲ˵ǿǿǿʹãڱˮʵսһ©ǱޱȣˮĲÿζأպóסŸı䲽
еǿιһЧͼӰְ취һֱʹãһֱʹҲԣеľ죬Ӧ֣ĶһʱóʲôġιСһΡ
֪Ĳһʱʱ䣬Сׯ԰ſڣһֱӵСԺС
˵СԺʵҲСнף¥һ¥һͤȦȣһˮءһš
෢Լһֱϰǲ֪ڲҸоʵսҲ٣˼һһСһģˮֻһ¡
ǲˮֻմģȻˣ˰ģˮҲûע⵽񣬺οҲûһ֪˲
ֺĲعȥˣҲǸط̫ͦˡ
һ˲˶ˣཿѸȾһϼԹĿˮһѸ˿ˮܵһ˲ϸ廹еԣཿ顣
Բ𣡡
ˮԥƬ³֡
ˣ㣬Ҵҷ䡣
Ŭָƽƺں˵
¥סģɫģ¥Ҫһ롣
¥ǻҰɫɫȻҲˮŽ¥¥ȥ
¥ڱȽϿˮֱӾһ¥ѡ˸䣬һ¥ǿΧԷʲôģ¥¥ûĻӦһĲ֡
ʤݾݺݵʱһ¥ǿûԷгʲôģ¥¥ĴңһСĹ
ಢûкˮһȥЦ˵иӣʲôĶ棬µġ
ãллˣ
ҲˣϢɣ
Ц˵
ˮ͵ſڣӰʧڽ¥ŷȥңⲻ֪˱ĸҡ
࣡
һ뿪ˮڵĴһֱߵԼĽ¥˵ǰһʼˮȥ¥һֱڣţֱ¥ڳĳ˼Ҳʼӿ죬ԽԽ죬ҲһΡ
оϺ̣߽Ѹٰϣƺ±˷ʲôһһ̵Ľշˣϧû˿Ǿޡ

ˮʱɾУżŶʯСʯͷȻʮȥʱѾʮʯӡ
ˮʵ󷨣Ҳǵһΰ󣬶һǾŹ
ˮĿǰܲɱǿˣһһ˾Ϳʹõ󷨣΢ʱȷŷţŹ޷ɹĻѧϰ΢
΢;Ź񣬾ؼˮľŹһˮֱѧϰŹ΢ˡ
ʵиԭ򣬾ˮľŹϾŹЧãҲˮѧϰŹԭ
Ȼˮѧ΢󣬲֪ҪѧϰΪԼѧԣǻҪ̱ˣҵˣࡣ
ԼܵĽ㶫Źʲô磬΢мϰɱС󣬹Щ͹ˣһǾοܰѾŹ͸ӦܳԵÿ
ҡҡͷˮʯӣˮرʯӲȱʯӶĺʱҪټˮڵϻŹͼھŹͼڻͼ
ݣˣţšѾǿˣϾŹѶϲһһҲһһ
ˮһöʯӵʱԥţͬʱҲֻܼҪöʯӷ۾֪Լǲǰڳɹˡ


903 ΢
ˮһöʯӣһֱٳٲ϶Ϊһö൱˵۾Ҫޱȣһãͷˣ
ˮ۾һֱŲԶİͼ;ŹͼغϵһλãȻԥƬֱӽеʯֱͶ
ûӦ
ͶԺˮб仯ȴûһ仯ΪʱС
ʧܣ
ˮеʧ˵һΣһκķѵľʱǾ޴ģƽʱоܶ࣬оӦʧܵġ
һοҪʧˣⶫޱȣˮо似еһ磬
Ƭ̣оƬ̣ȷһʧˣˮģϵʯӼȻۿŹ󣬸ǰеĹؼٿ飬ڼŹҲϰ顣
ȻŰڣˮ֪ʲôʧˣÿһζоŵλȷģûκЧ
ھŹλͰԷλˮоԼյرǲ֪ΪʲôûκһЧ
һֱ˲죬ˮڽһʵԼڲ˾Ź󣬶ҾȻҲȷеԭ
ƽ飬ֹˮŰ΢ǰ뷨ʵˣҪͷѧϰ΢
΢;ŹҪ򵥶ˣоһˮͿʼһھЦˣˮǰڹŹڷְ΢ܼ򵥡
޲ŹңģȾŹԼ򵥵ľͲ˵ˣȾŹԸµҲҪŹԡĻӦڷλʲôϲ̫ˣҪһЩĶ
ܿˮһһöʯӣһֱʧڶеˣ΢ʧܵĻ˵ȥˡ
һöʯӷڽ°״Ϊۣµһ˲ˮоԼĶʼ
ʯµһ˲䣬һɰ𣬽ʼ˲ǷɳʯķɳʯС¥һľʯߡ
в۾ԱʶҲͣʵҲͣ΢ޡáš
ǲ
ˮǲһչο΢Ϥһ̤˲õķƽ˾һľɽȣԱȴǷɳʯֲȴûκһ
߽ȥ侳ʵڽͣЩطУһףȻɾ޴˺ЩѾǿˣ߲ᱻҪˮ͵Ϯɱ
ֲһͨ󷨵˿һ˵ܶˡ
΢ѾǿˮŹ
мٴγһ¾Ź󣬻ûκεЧµʱˮ˼ȫ΢ϡ
ɾ¶ȥģмٵʱŹϹǿЩϹǿҲͻ죬ӵʵرˬϾͻƲ̫ˣÿһͻʱҪһӵʵ
ÿɾʱǰ죬ڻѾȥʮˣʣһ£ˮ׼һЩĲһЩ
ʯӱϾСʯʲô̫ݳˣˮѡƤ޹ǣҪ첼ɾռƤ޹Ƕϳ˵ġ
ˮϲķ֣Ƥ޹ǶҪȻͻǴƤѪķһ
εǺ׵Ƴ죬Ƴɵķеֵͦģˮһκ⣬СС죬Ҳһ߸ߣʡϣܿʮʱֻ˲Сӡ
ЩСӣˮ뵽ۣǸطˮӣֻӵĲҪӸ˲ֹһΡ

ڶˮ׼ʱɫ΢΢Ƕˣе߳¥û鳿ǲᵢġ
緹¼ģµĲ͵㣬ˮĳһ㣬ճߵſڣˮʱ˽
Աˡ
࿴ˮϵĲ͵ƿһЩ˵
ţأ
ˮЦ˵ˮԼĿһе㲻ȻҲܿ
Ҳǡ
Ҫ˵ʲôʱǰԺңܴ˶һۣˮƽɫܲȻ
ߣȥɡ
ˮЦ˵
ˮ򾲴ݵɫƺҲƽ˺ܶ࣬ƺûпֻź¹һƺоܰƽܶ顭
˲ǰԺȥˮʶɢ֪ҪˣҲãԼҲ뿪
ǸСӣȻǲ
ˮ໹ûߵǰԺǿӲԵ
壬¼ңݲţû۷ǵˣڵСʲôǲ֪
Ǭŭȴеѹ֡
ڵˡ
ˮ˵
̲סһɾҲôҲûУ鱻һһӵģ¼Һҡһʵڡš˿ʵҪϺܶࡣ
ڵǿ˵Ҳֻܿ⣬һҲǺߵɣţǸŭԡ
ʱˮѾߵǰԺһۿǬ¼ҵˣҲвʮˣӽˣͬһɫ·ܶϾһӣʮˣվ֡
󷨣󷨡
ˮɾҹ󷨴򽻵ڿҲûʲôо¼ҵȴٴһ
Ǭ嶼ڲֹߵҲǣڣɱʱԶˡ
Ϊƾܶ¼ң塣
δŭѾһ
ܿĸ˹һѩ׵ĺüëɢһȴȻơ
үү
үүס壡
ǬǸ߹Ҳǡ
Ϲ֣Ҳִ󣬽ǸСӣ͵ʲôҲûзǸһ̨£ҲΪǡ
мΪ׵˺
¼һҪ¼ˣǿΣֻҪͷӻƣҲ¼ҵˡ
˵ʮ㣬һּᶨϡ
һݵͷֻһ˫۾е壬Ĳȴޱȣʱ¼ˣϹ֣ˣҽһǸСӣһʹ
ˮߵǰԺҪڵˮ仰ʱȴû˵Ǻ¼˵ķȥ
Сӳˣ࣡
ߵ⼸һ˵Ҳǿˮ
¼ҵļҲǿˮࡣ
壬̫ǵ˾ȻҴ¼˵ע⣬֮һ֮ʾȻǿ¼ңǿ¼Һ۸ǰɡ
Ŀⶢ塣
Ϲ֣¼ȻһҲǴңףǲʲô£ǲִ󣬽СӦòѰɡ
ҧҧָˮ˵


904 ˮ󷨿˵
ˮָԼ壬ûκθоûʲôʾڵȣڵ¼ҵѡ
ѩһҲҲ²ˮɣΪҲˮԶԿڵˣȻ뵽ˮ˼
·ƿ¼һ꣬ԽԽԼһ¼ҵǰڣһб¼ҪƾúܶĴɣʵҲǱ¼ǿ
ˣҲ֪ǸһϢˣ¼Ȼڱ˺ܶ࣬⼸ʮҲ¼ô
·үүڣǸѾĵ˳ĺ֮꣬ҲʮԪʮ꣬˼ȻѾ£ĺһ˵ĻһѪɺӡ
˵ûܺ˶ԿǱ˱Ƽˣôһǿ߷Ҳʧصġ
οҲûȥ¼ңһһҪʹķз
·ֽѣϾԷѾһ¼ǲ׷ˣǸһҪ
·ҲǽʵҪһˣֻǵӾˣ¼ҵȴûˡ
壬¼ҵѣߡ
ˮǿĺܣοҲѴڴˮôС¼ҵֱɨء
·ûѡ񣬵ּͷĺѡˮȥΪͼȣĶǴҪ
ο涼ǴԣԻʱ佥ɢ
ƴƣҲ
Ǭʱ򿴿ˮ࣬Ůĵͼᶨ
ˮûбס֣һֱԼûп͸ˣָӿ͸ˡ
ȻˣǾֻǿдˡ
ں˵
ˮһ㣬ˮû뵽ġ
ǰ
ˮסҪ˵Ǭ
ǬɻĿˮ
ллǣȻģҪңɡ
ˮƽ˵ƺ˵һ΢һ
ˮҪ
ˮĻһסˮ䡣
жǲ˼飬õĿǵһˣ¼ҴСҲһ棬ڼ˶Ϊ¼Сϲֻ꣬ǴҶоޱȣΪû뵽´Сġ
ң
ˮ֡
ˮǬ֮ҲҪ㣬ˡ
ǬŮˮһһֵ˵
ĺ֪ҲеĻٳ棬˰ɡ
ˮЦȻ¼ѡˮҲš
վˮߣ˿ԿҪˮˡ
ʱˮֵ֪Ѿֵˡ
үӣлл
ˮ·﹪˵ȵĿߵǰ棬Ҳ˵ǰ
Ǹ׳գǸΪڸ޵еɵһǻɱ
ˮǸ˵
⣬󷨳ˣۻ˳ɵ󻹻ɱ
ܶˮĻֱҭŵĸоҲû뵽ˮ˵Ѿ˷ֲǿ֪ˡ
֪ߵغСӣʵ
ҲˮĻˣŭֱˮһˮͷ£ûаСӷС
ֻСӴߣɱĺҲûʲôԣοɱ¼ץ񣬵֪ŭˡ
Ҫʱģûʱ֪һγǺŭһǴܡۻˡҲ޷ȵġ
壬Ҳǿߣ챻һСӣԼ֪ΪʲôôĻ
һƴһźΧ˶һģر໹жˣ඼۾ȥ
Ǭ۾һգգ˻Σͬʱ·￴ˮûжϵȴرࡣ
Ϯƣڱ˿籼ף޿ɿܵһڵˮǰһ
Ź
һ棬ڳм˿Կⲽ棬Ǹо־ޣ־㵵ĸоֻĸо
һˮ˲ʵᵽ۷壬һƳȥֱӴֱϡ
ꡭ
һֱֱѪģʧ
ƺѪֱˤںȺУ߽ס
һסˣ󲿷ֶǾȵſڣǺϣһ˲ֿհף뵽Ҳ뵽Ľ
ʱ·ֹˣţΨˮվûʲôоֻоԼԸһʮʵ˼ɱ
Ҳ֪˾ŹǿǰĹھŹ¼ʩչŹΧԼľŹ֮ڣٶȡǶԽһЩ֮ͬʵˮǰҲǲһǾŹǿ
õĳĬһӷ·ըһ
ôܣ
ô

˴ӶԷȵɫ֪ԼʵģȻٿǸڵˣͻȻתǷӦеٶۡ
۾ĽӴʱŵĶڲľֹһľֹ˺ܴľ۾¿ĵĻ档
ǰ龰ʱΪۻˣȷϺȴǺڱ۾ûпˮôǸشġ
ͬҲǴģҲû뵽еֻǾϲϲ˵ļ
վžֵĿˮһҲ˵ǰҲ֪ȥˡ
ߵļ߰ҩмҲᾪֵĿǸꡣ
һзϵ壬ǰûʹȫܰĸ첲ɢҪ
ɱɱ
ͻȻĺ˳ɫҰף񾪿ֿˮ
󷨣⹷ƨͨĶҲ𣿡
ˮмĿŶԷȻֱóһСӡ
ǿʲô󷨡
ˮ˵ͶӣԷЩתˮΧˮŲæͶеСӣɵĶŶԷĹ
ɾ˲֪ٴε΢ڼܿͰںãˮһСµʱֱ
¼ҵǰԺ滹Ǻܹģˮ΢СϾԷ٣ּУãѸٵסԷ
ˮպվ棬һ˶ˣΪڿ󷨣濴е㲻ס
Ϊڿڵ涫ᣬǾģҽˣееˣܿ
⿴ƺܺЦûһ˸оЦֻоֲһˮкİ塢׻ࡣ
ʸ˵ۻ˰ڵЩ⡭
ˮӰһֱӽУˮʹõǲ࿴ޱȣʱҲˮ̹΢


905 һʵ׼
ʱˣҲһֱо΢󣬻ǲôҲû뵽ɱ
Щ죬ƺҲԼ˵ĿŴʱˮÿһǰˮķλ
ҲֻܿˣĿüϣ̹֡ġĸоһվôһʱѧ̫Ķ
ĸˣ뵽ͨɽкˮֿ˵ܺܿͻһɳ졣
һɳˣܿģ￪ģǰô򶨣ԭгֻǰǲ˵Լġ

еˮɱ֮صһ㣬ܿ쵹һأ˳ˮЩ
ɢˣ
ˮûɱЩˣȴǻϱˣԺֻͨˣǲԸͲ֪ˡ
ָԭ˵ʲô仯˵ϵһЩСӶѣڵ˵췭ظı仯
󷨣Ҳ󷨣ұڵƺǿ󡭡
ҲɱǸڴţ󷨲޵еģһҵžһֽһͱƣ֪û˻ܲš
ˮѾеίҵ˵
ڵ뿪ˣû˵ʲô
ЩѾϵûʲôΣ˵ҪӦڵǿߣˮûдնɱûǸҪ
ڵˣߵĸɸɾģҲᱻ̧ߵģ˶ǿޱȣЩ˿ϣ
¼ҵϣؼࡣ
ڵǿ󷨵ȣûЩڵʵֱӲ֪Ҫ½ٱ¼ң¼ҾͲʲôˡ
˶ˮڵʵһзϵ壬¼м
ˮعͷ·Ｘ˻ǬˣȻж塢׺༸öڲԶԼ
·οЦݣȻȣǺܿĵģرǿʱʱΪԼ뷨ǰˮľֹǿǿеġ
Ǭ˵ܴԭΪˮŮϵ˲ŻỤţԭܴڷӲԼŮԼŮĸ°ɡ
үӣģһ°׺뿪
ˮЦ¼˵
ˮʲôȻ¼ʵãֻҪ¼ҵ˻ھͲί
·￴ˮ˵
ˮǰˣӦ¼һĶ˰ɣǬүүʵǶһ㣬ļʵѾǷⶥˣ۳ڡ
ˮ
ະˮһ
ˮȴǷ˫еϲ⣬ȴʲôҲû˵
ˣߣҽȥǸӣ
·￪ĵ˵
һŴȥ˶Զ뿪ˣϺܶǲϳʸģοǬһ֧
˵һ
·һ֧·ŲٵŮǬĸ磬Ǭ˲࣬ʵȴǲСֵܽöǲҲһϧǸŮӣȻ֡
һҲʮ˶ѣĸߡǬࡢˮ塢׻һǬĸӥ
ʵǣҲˮעԭ򣬿·߼ߵʵ֪ʵӥ¼Ҳָǿ
һҪһЩڵ飬ȻҲһЩˮģЩ˶˾һЩˮѻش⡣
֪ˮ˵Ļʣ˵Ҳ˵ҲǴҵرõԭ򣬴ĵúܿġ
ˮߣʱʱ˺Ĭ˵ˮһ飬֪ʲôо
Ůһ飬οһ˫Ůӣֻˮо֣ûʵʱ׷һŮôѣ񵱳ʦװܴΪ˾ͽҾһϰûʵһ˰ͷ϶
ʵǸöǿ壬ǿģˡ
ˮ֪ʲôоߵܸ࣬оеУһοʱʱңɼյǳһ
ûʲôˣ·Цүӣһʵôֵģ
·һЦֻҪֻƾ͹ﵽǾ۳ڣҲһÿһһǧǵʵֻ֪ǰ弶ģ弶ǧǵʵҾͲ֪ˡ
·ǺЦ
弶ǰǧǲ࣬˵Ͳۼ涼ʵﵽʲôʵͺãֻһΣǿʵǶǵʵ
ˮʮǣڽ֮ջֱӾǰʮǣǳǣκ¡
ˮҲиˣԼͷʵһʵǸͨ۱Գпһ۷壬Ҳǧʵҡ
ԼڶԴԼľŹûκģȻֻ˽⵽ǧʵңڸоǰ˺ܶණ
үӣڵǿʵж٣𣿡
ˮ·ʵرĹģڲ֪һɡеǿʵжǿ·ʵҲһӦò̫ţرǿڡ
Ҫ̵󷨣ڲʵҲ󷨣ڵǿʵҲǺǿģǧҵʵڻûصǿ߾ͲˣӦûУȻǲǨ¼ҵġ
·˵
ǧʵˮԽܣ̵󷨶Լ˵ӦûʲôãȻŹûаڳɣŹ΢㹻ˡ
ˮڻе㵣ĶԷ󷨣Ȼ˵޲ŹңҲǧٹ֣е󷨸׺ޱȣһЩаĶѹڴôãˮûѹ׵Ķؼѹ׵ǲ㹻ǿ
Ҳˮĵģˮٴ֮ǰһҪ󷨺;ŹúУӦԱûʲô⣬ֻҪԱˮ
ǸʹЩǿһЩԼŪĻЩ֪϶ˮⶼɱǧʵˮоǿġ
·ʲôˣǿԿˮ뷨Ц˵ڵҲǿҪ׼һǶġ
仰ķ㹻ǿ¼˻˵Χ˶Ǿޱȣǿʲô̶ȣ뵽ͨ󷨾Ͳôˡ
ˮ֪һܵԼǿˣȷеĸܵԼʵԸоΪˮһзϵ壬ҪԼ󷨡
лүˣ
ˮл볶¼ңԼԽ磬ֻҪԼû£¼ңҲҶ¼ҡ
⣬ˮҪǿϵΪڵǿ©֮㣬˵ûϾɱʹŵһЩˣˮҲҪϾǵĺ·ֻ󷨺;ŹǿʲôǴҪġ


906 ǰϦ
ˮ뿪Ҳʱ֣粻֪ﵽˣǿɲȥˮࡣ
ϧǶ֪ˮûеǸϵ׶ΣֻǺܺõѶѡ
ˮͻȻԽԽİˡ
һһ߿ߵˮЦ貵ɢһɡ
ôᣬһǸˣԶǡ
ˮЦſࡣ
ˮЦݣеңرǻ뵽龰ʱͻĻңˮ֪һʲôĸо
Ѿˮ͹ˣڿˮһⲻһҪȥ˽ĳ嶯
ҽɡ
ˮ˵оڸøһЩھͿʼӴҲӴˡ
һЦãҿǶԽԽˡ
˵Լ˼ʶ󷨵ʵ˵ˮˣ֮ǰΪ˶ԸڵˣΪˮֻһЩƤëˮ˵ҪҲ˽һ㣬Ҳ˵ʱ򻹿ϵó
ôҲû뵽ˮ󷨱ڵ󷨻붼оһ̫ͻˣˮ˵Ҫ󷨣ܿģֿĲǿѧϰ󷨵ĿģˮϽĿġ
ٴŮҲ򵥵һ棬ˮҲ뵽ɣܿģһׯ԰ȥ
ˮ˵ڵ˻᲻ܿĹ
߱ʣ仰ƽӦ̬ı仯ɡ
Ӧûܿͻ黻˭Ҳᾡĸ
ˮ˵
е㵣ǣߵͥԺʱˮͣסࣺɫ磬ɡ
ˮ໭Źͼ򵥵ַλͼȻȥռ΢еλԼۣҪ˳
Щӵǰѻĺιֺ̣ܿ죬һһ鲻ͣĳԣϵľеĴ󣬸ǰҪĵط˵
ˮобǲ֪ʲô񵤵ĶҪ󣬶һԺ;ƵҩƷͬʱʹá
δﵽʵĲεģ϶ű㲻Ҳȥġ
󷨿򵥣ڲĲȴǧ򻯣ֶҪʱоˮҲֻеһһҪȫо͸Ҫʱ侪ˣЩԭáʹãôȴ֪
֪Ѿˣ絽ʱˣ˺ܶˣһǺ¼ҵվһ𣬹ͬԿڡ
Ƕүүˮ֪˵ʵʮǣұ¼磬ˮеġ
ʵľѾѵˣǶվҲãԸǰҲãЩҪҪǶ壬͹ˡ
ǰĳ𲻵ʲôã˶׳ɫôһ˵˶оûǰôǡ
ˮȻԺѧϰ󣬳ʱ䣬ˮʼ¼ҴԺЩС󣬻Ͻ¼ȫȦɾлСܶˡ
ˮ΢¼ҵ⽻鲼ˣŪСоʱ䶭ѧ٣ڵҲԼ򵥵ϡ
һȥͨɽСѾС߻СҪϣǲʮһ꣬Ĭʮ㣬ԲŻ׵ĴﵽڵĳɾͣͬʱҲϰ΢еλˮҲԷһ
ʱһһĹȥѾǲõ΢Լ¼мҪԱѧϰǲСϡ
ʱһһɱҲӺܶ࣬ܶࡣ
Щÿ֧жжǿУ𣬶ҴҶһ飬иӦ֪ˮǿѧ󷨵˼һŬ
Ǽˮ˴ʱҲ˵ĿģΪˮǸݰԲϣٸˮ
ڲ֪ˮţݴ½Ҳ˼֪ͲϹĥʲôº뵱ɵ
ھеǱ޵ģڵĴڵ¼˵һδΣգһСľͻᱻ
˭Ҳϼˣʱ¼Һ׵šһһٶȱǰࡣ
Ҳ⣬ʺǿ󣬼ŬŲĵӣѧϰһ
콥Ѿˣڵûг֣Ҳһ˹ڻûеڰɡ
ҪҲҪˣ컹ǿ԰һЩʱġ

ڿǵһûʵĸۡУһֱϲűڴϣһչ׳ˣ˺ܸߴס
Ҫűˣһ¼ǲǻܴڣҪűˡ
̾Ŵϵ˵
ϣڰȫɱ꣬رǸСӡ
̾뿪˷䣬һαΪӱ˵Ҫȥ¼һϾӱˣΪôѾ¼Ҵһˡ
òˣ¼ұˣȻҲٺ¼ۣȥˮ¼ʤˣǾûҪǰȥ
Ϊ׵ѹһҲǺߵļ壬ҲҪˡ

ϣˮɾֱȥΪʱóˡ
ˣ
һÿѩ׵ԶԶľᵽǳԵζһٿţˮҲǺʲôá
ٿȫժԥһˮֱһųޱȣһҪζû˵
һȥ͸ָоرˬֻǹһˮûЧʵûһ仯֪ԼĸǷһ΢ı仯
ıǵģ
ĵˮٴγһţһˮˣ˰ǵʵʲôӾȻʵ
뵽ѩʨƴػˮԼޣҪʲôЧ
ûֱֻӳȥš
Ȼ󾲾ĵţΧޣֻ֪һ㣬ʹߵĹơ
ˮ۾б仯ȴ΢΢ʵƺӵĲ٣ޡ
ĵˮٴҪ޶һλûԵЧˮ׼ԼʹˣԼʵһЩ
һԶЧԣԵǽǵı仯ʵӵҲ൱ɹۣ඼һɵȫʵ
ͷʵİǣһ¾Ȼʮǡ
Ȼۼô࣬ûǰֵȼƣϧҲֻܼһɣΪʲôѩʨҪغ
ԲֻΪһɵʵˮһ߲룬һ߹۲޵ı仯һɵʵֻǸӵЧ
ͷƽϢûб仯ʵҲһɵʵֹͣˮĿڽվͻϡ


907 ʮǣ֮ڤ
ˮе㲻ףûб仯ҲˣͷǺǿģȻӵʵСоеǿ
ͻȻ뵽ѩʨֻѾ۷ʵޣѵͨͻƵۣ
ˮе벻ͨԼ˼ţоʵȻЧŵݼƣƳԵʮžûʲôЧˣԸıʺ͹ֻЧҲԽ²СһʵҲˣʵָκʵ͹ˮʵһξȻҲ˶ʮǴﵽʮǡ
ʮǶˮ˵Ǻģֵˣ
ѵҲ츳ѪѵôõĶȻһ۷ްռ
ˮ뵽ԼԪѵԪЧƣʺʵǿ޺ߣΪʲôͷûЧֻƺҲûЧ
Ϊֵԭ
ǽվǽ޽ģ츳ѪѾˣĪǻԶξѡξѣ
ͻȻ񷢳һ߿У
ڵĻʢ
ˮŰԽԽĻһ󼤶Ѫƺ־˲٣Ŵ˵еķѪҪȫƺźܳ·Ҫߡ
뵽Σǿֻġչᡱ֮͡ġ֪ͷǿ˺ܶ࣬κͷθ֮ϡ
Թ飬еߣ֮еҲд˵ʵҲǷ˵ĺкдķѪ
ϳڻʢʱ򣬽վҲǽˮе⣬Ϊһνվ󲻻ʲô仯ˡ
վѾӽ츳ѪѳΪվҪѣܽʲô̶ȣ
ˮܿģܾѾͺãܾʲôѾͻʵһͻҪǿܶ࣬ȵȿʵﵽʲô̶ȡ


ˮŽվĺоȻƺһһĸöĸо
ȴԽд͸ƺҪƲһȻûоѾܽӽǷһǰڸоеƣԼĲַ̫࣬ܺһܡ
һֱһʱ䣬ȺĻָԭվͻӵûʲô仯ϸĻվĲӱǰһЩҲӽУһ͡
ɫӷڣһҲû˵Ǻɫˣǰǳ죬ȴǳɫҲĳΪɫĺڷˡ
ʶչˮ½վͻʵվıʵѾӽһǣھȻﵽǣ΢΢䳤Ĳӣˮǲ֪վ츳ѪʲôҡҡͷˮôҲţûһġ
ǵıʵڽսջȱս£ֱӴﵽǣˮеƵǣڽվĹͷҲںˣǱǣ޷⣬ѵﵽһξͻʵ⡭
ˮվսһȴǴˣ֮ջͽնˮȶûˣһսǱս
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֮ˮ˺þãٴοڵĽվĺǰͬˣվ˵ĸоһ仯ǲĳһ㣬Զ㿴ԡ
֮ǲ͸¶ʲôսᵽڷһ⡰Īһ֣
ˮ¿˲ˣ׳ɱ˲ﵽˮо˵ѾʲôףˮҲ˲͵Źˣʲô֮ɻǺܱ̬ġ
սûб䣬ԶססԷɶܣԷԷ񵲣ڽս״̬£ͻĹ
ͻͿһĹڶԷ˽սֱӱıĹ
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ڽվıʵǿǿĵɱڽս֮ʹýͻԴﵽʮǵĹҶԷֵֻܵ񵲣޷ܣǿֻϧڻɲ̫ó
֪ˣһõĿʼվ֮Ȼʶпվʵ죬ЩҪãһеͨˣеȴֻˣվӦҲһеǿޱȣеҲֻһ㡣
ˮоվĿԴﵽս춷ص
תͷڿзĻһϻıϣһǰıʵڴﵽǡ
һֱˮ͸оʵе㲻ǿڲŸоʵһӦǿһЩˣεĿս
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ˣҲˣôǿѩʨҲͨΪۼޣǿϧˡ
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߼УеķٶױȣзжһУԳʱٵķС
棺񷢶ǿĻ湥ڵĻԷһУпµƻ˵Ǻڷ˵ǿս
죺ʩչ״̬£湥˺ӣÿʹĴΣʱܵ˺
ÿʹôһûб仯ЩôҪ
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ܵ˺ʱɵļԡɹһɱ䣬ʵһ
ڤ״̬ʵﵽʮǣ״̬´ﵽʮǣҪˮһǿĴڣյ
յڿӻ湥һ˺Ǿʮǡ
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»㣬ؼڣ޵ʵҪȻԸЩǿûжãӦûһ߶࣬ۼж٣Խվ󡢻Լ޻Ǻǿġ
һεȴûжĵˮٴιʳֻȴǸܵϵƺǿ
ûʣ¶ٵֱⶫƺһЩѪźǿЧ޵ѪޣѪûкǿѪɣ޷ѡ
ɾˮֱڴ˯£׼ʱ򵥵ϴ±߳˷䣬һžͿԺаһЩʯӡ

Ů˵ڷܣˮ࿪ĵĴк
һӦû˻ŵģһ徻ɡ
ôˣ
ˮЦߵߣŵʯӡ
ںˣȴûзӦ
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ǬλףλưףһףǿʯӷµʱҪҸ˵ַЩЩʯͷ
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˵ĵͷȻ°һ飬ȻеʯӷŽ۵λãһ˲ӿҲ˲䷢
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ˮƺǰΣҲڹ˲Щˣһ죬ƺҲ뵽ˣҧҧ촽æ㿪ʩչѾǲ
ˮɫرǰ΢ҧ´Ķ¶ѩ׵ı񱴳ݣľĶǡ
˦˦ͷˮٴα࣬мҲ̵еҪעطٴθ˵˵еŵġ


908 ǣ
дˮ׷ţϵò࣬ٶҲԽԽ죬ԽԽ꣬಻ϵĶҪ߻ΣգΣֻҪһ̤뵽šʲôľͻܶΣգ֡ϡ
ʱ棬Ҳܿģ̶̵һѾϼ˵һɳˣ˵ǰɹеԿ紩ȻҲֻһʱʱ䣬һţҲҪʮʮꡣ
ǽҲľϲ
һѾޱȣˮԥһ£ֱӼӴֱӰ뵽УЩΣյĵطԼڣˡ
ֻһ뵽Уٴγһˮֲĳ棬ྪһȻŵȻǾö֮һĴԡ
ˮ͸о뻳ıסԼŴྪֵö󡡭
ˮһһ΢еһáţ浽Ƕ桢ߡȻɫĶܣӳªģ˿Ҳŵܲˡ
ˮŻŮһ⣺Сûˣ˰ɡ
ˮҪ˵˵Ͼ˱Щס˵ȥֻȳ󷨣֪Ա͹кСˡ
һУһɱСʽһǱɱһǱɱɱĳ֣е԰ȫصеΣյص㣬ڲ˵Σյĵط׵֣Ǻܶ඾С
ЩﲢȫʵģȷʵʵĴڣʲôһᱻĶֹǾϺ͸оϵġ
类ЩΧһЩճĴһȫס㣬ʱ򱻲ɱֱ練ơ
ҪôЩķЩ
ҾͲ֣
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ˮһ⣬һ˿ζˮ֪ǿţԸ֮ʵԼ͸¶һϢ
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ˮűԼĲӣ毺õվԼҲһ߲ˮţȻˣߴĻǺܱˮǷȹԸܵǵ¡
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Ů˺˺ܶʱһŮ˱רһ
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ĺܿ죬ĺһκƤһˣܽţҲû뵽Լһ졣
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ƺܿģڶ˽ʱ飬͸оֲʵĸо
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ܵ͵ģٲ֣ͿƲˡ
ˮ˵ŵЦ⣬仰˵滰ܾò֪ζˮозӦˡ
һº𣿡

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ŮףǸ˶Ժοһɫˮĵȴǲìܡ
࣬ϲŮûղɫĴ㣬ŮеԼҪŮΣգʲôʲôΣȥȣҲȥκһŮȥȥϧ
ЩദҲֻǸо´СܺöѣǸѣ໥˽٣ԼܹĺôǷġǷ޼۵ġ
Ҷûа
ˮٴ̾˵
ˮ˵⻰оеԲһģеΡ
˵ҾͲˮˣҾϲҵ
ЦˣȻɿˮ
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쵰ḡҡ
ഷˮһ£һ䣬Ҳû뵽صҲḡԼٴˮһۡ
ԲûǸ˼
ˮ߼ɫϽⲻǡ
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࿴ˮھθϽЦ
ǼܿͿ󷨶һˡ
ˮеλ˵һ飬ô˦ЩԼеȶ˵һ飬Ȼٴν顣

ͬһʱ¼Ҳڲ΢ĥﵽ΢ֻԱ档
ҪǰֻĴ󣬻߰Сȫʱ£˵ѧԺ¼ҵǿҪ
һô¼һǿ󣬾ǶҺҲᣬο¼ҺͶҲڹϵϸܡ

ݣ
칬һׯԺС
Ѿͷ
ԶһˮСѾͷ֣ˮŮѾʼ·ˣˮûл
СѾͷһͻֱܽһ˵Цö
ϵЦŵĻһһѱŮŮ۾۷۵ССץš
Ѿͷﱧ
׺߹Ц˵ȻӻнӹСѾͷ
ء
Цʵ
Ƥ֪ܵˣѾͷҪȡ𡣡
׺Ц˵
û֪ںòãҾ֪ںòá
ЦЦ˵ŵġ
ôʱˣҲûˣģҪˡ
׺Ц˵ȻοȴǺͻһĵġ


909 ¼棬̸
Ͳ׺ǰԺСѾͷһ˵һֱǹˮġ
ŮҲ˺ӣµĳڿӺ֮Ӵɢһָ߹ʣһʥϢ¸¥һӦúΪĸйϵɡ
˵Ů䱾ͱˮˮҲʮͷˣþݴ½֣ʮʮˣرߣʮ꣬ٶһʱڣٻ˳ɻ顣
е¾©ѡ񡰱աνĽˮбҪȫĽûʲôô
طҲǷؽ̩Ƿϴˮһл˳Ȼƽ͡ˮɣŷĴ
Զڶʤݿǵˮ֪ԼһŮ
ôʱҲûš
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ǰˮڼңƽҲ뿪˵Ҫ뿪ֻˮڣߵĲġ
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ѵĴźľһҰԣΪҲǲ˺ܶ࣬Ҳܿ̿൫ûر׷ϵΪƺһЩҰģ˵һֶǿ׷ĵӰ졣
˫չˣѾչĸˣһվɣʵҲڲϵӣҵĳɳǺܿģ˵
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ܻϿ鴦뿪ʱѾˣûؼҿˣҪˡ
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⣬ˮϷ·һһ۾ˮʱǳİ꣬Ƿ·һϴһгϢĸоַ·һ־δ˺ƽ
ͻȻˮ۾Ȼת󣬰״һ̬ӵԼɫһ˸һĺˣӦòöû뿪Ϊ˵ĸоʵ̫ˡ
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ˮ˵˻̫ˣ˫۾·Կ͸һУһһޱǿߡ
Լ֪˭ˣ¼ҵ˶棬˶֡
ƺرĿġ
ˮڵõ𰸺ɻһ¼ļȻһλأ漶ﵽεļ嶼Լĵƣֻ򲻵ѵ²Ż֡
˼˵Цˣʲô£ڣ¼Ҳ̡
ˮЦһǧƨ
˲ÿˣһôʲô͸ˣ¼Ҳֻͨ˿ޣʵҲǿԱԱ㣬̣ȦУȥ죬ȥģοҲƽȥ
ҡҡͷɣһΡ
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ˣһ¼Ҫڵߣ᲻Ҳߡ
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ˮ仰Ծĺ΢΢һͦȻ˵ҵȻߣһǰ档
ʵɲô
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910 ڵʵ߸˿
¼ҽӦǸСѾͷɣǵѡǴ뿪ӦòѰɡ
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˵ˮ뿪ǺףУȻڵĻû׷ϵĿܡ
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ˣĻǲݣѶϣϲϷң㲻ܸı̬ʵֲ㹻ǿĻԴġ
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ˮ֪Ϊʲô̾ΪʲôҪԼ˵ЩѵϣԼ뿪¼ҵ˰
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˵ƺоرĿϧ
Ҳ⣬һһܿһ츳ѡ⣬𰮲֮Ҳ⣬һѾĻǶ䡣󲿷˶ܿʢʱ龰ΪǶʱѾôˣŵʱһ
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ˣ˵еԶˣǾ˵˵ڵɡ
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¼ҵϣ΢ӦҪҪǿ̫ˣ֮⻹ûκƿԡ
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屻شѾ޷ͽ⣬һսǴҪȫУһڵһ硣Ҳʵֻܸ˵һ߸˿һСľԶ޷
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Ұסһû⣬ҲֻһʣµҪ취ˣڵļ֮ʵõģԱ⣬ҪС󷨣˵ǻ󡣡
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ôðڵģΪڶԷУͶԷ󷨳ͻ԰ЧΪûκЧ
רرİԵǿеһרŵˮ֪˵󷨾
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û˵ʲôһ̺ܿģˮչһЦȻǰȥȹޱȡ

ûжʱ䣬ˮڷԴƬ̣ͻȻɧæȥһžͿҲˣֱķȥ
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ڵˣ׼ˡ
ɱǸͿ˵ĵС
ǣɱǣһֱǾкƴһ

ϵĴˮУڵˡ
ˮϵǰԺʱѾۼ˴¼ˣЩŮʲôǽң汻󷨷סûǰȥ⿪˵ѾˣôǾͿͨҵܵӳȥܲӳȥͿ컯ˡ
·ǬʮˣЩĳЩ¼ҵֱϵѪĺܶ˶ѾǲɢˣĳЩûκôģЩ뿪Ҳû⣬ҲкܶЩ˲ʵһֱ¼ҵģȻǲġ


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ˮѾͷˣ
Ǭ΢ЦŴкƺŮˮһܿģһ仰ϷһƬΣ仰ĸ»Ů˵һ

ӦһЦ߹ȥվǬߡ
㣬ôоڱǰÿˡ
ѩһߵ٩˵
СѾͷǲƤˡ
үӣ
ˮ·Ｘ˴к˳ֺ˵ͷʾ⣬ˮڴеĵλѲǰˣϾһзϵ壬ʲôʵһģˮĸ߶Ѿˡ
ȻˮſԶֻ쵵ľ޴ݣԶŲˣܶ඼ǴɫķΡ

ǰΪ˿ԸˣѶȣɫģͬһɫһУҡ
ڵмˣˮĿֱӶǰļֻϣֻ쵴ÿһֻ涼һϵߣ¼ҵǸҪһЩڻϡ
ǰֻ쵴񣬺滹ʮֻСһİ쵴ÿһֻ·ɫͳһģһֻҲߣΪ׵ֻϵҪһЩˣǵɫͬͺɫҳһͬģֻͼһ
ˮĵ¼Ҵ󲿷ھȻǺ£˷ܣȻҲһЩ˻ɫףϾڡ
Щ¼ҾӢΪ¼κģԲηΣҲ˵Щ˾ʿʿʲôҲµġ
¼ҵΧĴֻˮǰûзλǿյģ¼˽ģڴҶ
ѾķֲԵһʱʹС⼸첻ҹѵϰС򵥵ĺϻ֮
ֻȥͨɽЩϵãǵʵҲǿĬҲ㣬Ҳһɾ޴Ϊ󷨵ԭ򣬼϶۷ʵ
ҲǴһˣԴպϣҪ׸ˮѧ˺ܳʱ䣬Ȼ࣬ﻹǺǿģ˵츳ܺã󣬵ܼ򵥵á

磬㿴¼ҵΧ
Ϊ׵ֻ쵴ϣһߵһͻȻָ˵ϣûκǵ·˵һ
󷨣˵Էи˶󷨣ӦþǸ˲ġ
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ܣɴ⣬ʱ任ģ屻һзϵǸ˾Ĺ֮Բɴ⡣Ϊ׵һ˵
磬СţᣬһһҪȻڽ˵׼ҪСһ۵üͷ˵
˵öԣҪǸ˳¼ϹҲܷŹμȻҪҪףȻԺھͻꡣ˵ţѾ¼ҴԺǰ棬һ½Ӿ޴İ쵴ȻĽ߸ǰ档
ǰЩ΢ߴʱǸԴһˣмʮٸѸٵĲá
ˮһ˿棬ҲܼеţΪԷʵĺǿ¼˵ģΪ׵Уʵֻһ۾͸оɲ⡣
ǶԷļУÿ˶һĴ󵶣ǳۣѪģ΢ڳ״

˵ڶصı˺˺һǿӹ˺ȴǺܴ
ЩˮĵǶԷһεۻ˲Ҳʮˣһβı֮࣬ÿһӶǰʮˡ
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ˮüͷôǿߣôΪʲôôԣܿҲȻʵǿۻãˣ˾ϲŭֱ˿࣬Ȼ
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ˣʼɣȻˣǾͿ˭ȭͷӲɡ
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ˮ֪һսԼҪսҪѸɱȻһսѴҪǶԷ󷨡
ڿˮеĶذʱҲһԶܸоֲĶԣûӲĶԡ
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硢磬Ǵ˽ǰɡ
ˮ˵ȻսҶǺ棬ˮɫҲǺء
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ΧҲ֧һӣԴΧ
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Ϊ˽ɳһӴʵ̽ӣ̽󷨵ͬʱҳ󷽷
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ˮǶʮ˳ҲģԾö׶ˡ
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ǶԿĵصһƬ󺣣ǶˮϣΧϵĳ־ˣһֻ޴ĺһӾɵһ
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һ֪֡ʵĶİ취õĶܾʹǲǲҲ»Ͼǰ벽
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ɱеҪϾϾͺڲ˺ܶ࣬ԾҪеա
Ȼˮûʮ˶Կʮˡ

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״ŵ˳ԲΣȫԵˣϾܵУԲ֮ƣѸٵӭڵˡ
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׵ıһѳˮӦҲһĶ
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˼еǰ棬еĶȴҵĳһ綾һ㣬ֱӵնɱһˣһӾöˡ

תٶȲ죬ȴ˵ĸо˲佫ԷĹ۳Ķٴγ

һľ˳״ŶݵĶ㿪ƽʱеʱĳѾϰΪˡ
һζԷֱӱ޴Ĳ˰Ѷγɢֻǲ˷ѻᣬֱСѸٳȥ߶ȼУɱвˡ

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ˮѾյһ㾳磬˵һľ磬Ź֮
⾳ǾŹ֮ھŹ֮ߣˣڵľŹֻҪԷʵصĲ𣬿Ա
ˮݵĶţϵЦԽԽɣҲԽԽ㣬ܵв״̬ĥͻƣͻͽ͸
Ҫʲôֻھάֵʱ䳤һ㣬ΪоԼľŹ绹΢΢ҪĹ
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ˮûԷһʼûʱ䣬ϺϰߺͶˣˮʲôǰ벽Ǭĸо


915 Ź֮ɱ
ˮνսĻᵹþŹõͻͽĽҲǽһ򵽾Ź֮ǾŹ֮硣
ԼǡŹˣյŹľ裬ָоǺܼģϾŹǿӹɵġ
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Ӱһˮȥһ˲·ҪƲһ㣬Ʋɵ
ˮͫһʱԼٶȶ֪ǶԷ˫۾֣ʵҲڴ˺ܶࡣ
ˮ㣬ȼΪۣʵǰҪ˺ܶ࣬㡭
¼˴˵Ȼһѵ޾ȥ
ˮȻܶ㣬ֺѶҵڶǾĶ㲻ˣһƺܳʱ䣬ȴֻǶһ֮䡣
ذˮջأѸٵĻϽܡ
ܻ
׶ܣ
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ˮǰصСһֲ˿ڣҪƶǣѪ쭣оԼҲڷʧ
ĸϽóһҵʳȥһǿĹλסǲʧҲֹͣʧ
žҵʹϵ˼ָó𴴷ۣһ׼õ𼶱ƤõġԼãѪܿͰѱȾ졣
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ǰǿһˮĶƵԼûжƣôԼѾӲǰʵҲٰɣֻҪ˲Ϊǡ
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916 ʯʵϹŶ֮
һѪ˿ڣȻȴǵһεëմˮϴ˿ΧѪȻҩ±°ˮá
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917 񽣣һ
ˮرļʵӣ뵽ǽɫεʵһż˵һ׼ˡ
Ӧʹõһ׼
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ˮܿģĸսսǿ󣬿ϧԸʵ۷ʱûԵЧ˵Ը۳ڵʵˣˮһֱûʹùǿս
ˣΪĴӣ֪ǲǿʹãԸ۳ڵʵǲµݵԡ
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һһȻһʱȥˣûкá
еʲôķѺܳʱ䣬ֺü׶Σһˮ֪ûʱͶ켸ʲô뷨ˣϾķʱ;Ǻܴģֻżһԣڹ˲ʲôʾȹ
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ÿһʧܶǺķѵϣȻϵĲеĻԻ¯죬ڼĥǾ޴ģһЩһԵģԴһǮҵʦĵģҲ޼۵ġ
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֪ľһ¹ȥˣʱ˳ԷϢһ£ϴ󲿷ʱ˶ϣܹؼˮ˷ʯ

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ߣ磬ͨɫɢ΢ɫΣֻˮоŮʹʣҪ
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ǧǣˮоҪ飬ʹõĻֻѺţȵЩʱҲʹá
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˻ûãܺȾơ
ŵĴŴԵ˺ܶεˮǸоһܣۿվϲĿԼ


918 Ƽˣ޼
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ְˮֲһһǣ޹ңˮ̾һԼľ仯ȴߵ˾ͷ
ΪѾǣңҲ̫ˡ
ϯûеɢȥ¼˺ˮںԺţȵˮó÷ƣ˺ܿģ˲٣ûʲôƣҲû˵úȣҲûôȡ
˼ңΪʲôҪ
ˮüʵ
֪ʣܺãȻѾˣɼľѾǿˣҲˣˮɲ԰Ҹæ
˵Ļƽޱȡ
ˮЦ֪ڻǿߣϷ𣿡
֪ȥѾ
ģһ϶ߺߡ
ЦЦ˵
ˮҪ˵ʲô¼˰ڰ֣ǿȻ٣ʱٲǺ£ڸоܼįԼĸֵһȥѹʹҪԼĶҲȥⲻĥ˵ʱԽԽûζζĲ٣ǿҲסˡ
һҹƽһҹΡ
ڶϢɾʱ䣬󲿷ֶϤͻȻʵþʵȫں
Чãһ൱ڰ죬ˮ츳ЩǺܿġ
ûµʱҲᵽ߿ĴȻ֪ϹҲô죬ȥٶҲֻʶģΪվڰܿľҲ޵ġ
ˮ
ſˮ
ˮЦЦȻͤЦ绨Ůȥ
ˮѾϰˣѾ֪¼˵ĴˣԼҪ¼һѣǰŮҪġ
㿴ܿġ
ˮǰĲˮһ˵
ô㲻ϲҿİ
һ䡣
ǵõһο㣬ϵǳңɼвġ
ˮЦſࡣ
˾ͻأôǿһֱ˼ҵġ
˵ĵ໹е㲻˼ģϾ˵Ĺϵеʣ˻ûʲôʾԼһԸ뵽̲סһɬ
ûԼһ졣
㶫֪ϲϲ
ˮЦŵݸһ񽣺һС
ҵģ
࿴Ư񽣻в֪װʲôĽоȵ˵ܾҲ
ϲ𡣡
ˮҲû뵽ôľȡ
͵ģҺϲ
࿪ĵ˵ر۵񽣣оһƷںʲôֻںˮġ
ֻǵһõо;ˣǿǿˣµʵǼޣΪܼԦҲ⡣
ˮɽ˵ʵʵӡ
Ŀ񽣣ɫĹâӳãӳɻԡ
òſˮ⽣̫ˡ
ˮҡҡͷò˵мۣ޼ֻۣҪϲмۣ㲻ϲһ
һ貵ķΣˮҲһЦҡҡͷԼĶŮ˵޿ƥС
ˮɫЦˣ񽣣ЦʲôҲҵģ
ģ򿪿ϲϲ
ˮЦ˵
ΪʲôҶ
΢Цſˮƽ


919 ɥ񣬸Ļǻ
Ҫԭ㵱ΪʲôͨݡʯЩأ
ˮЦſ֪࣬Ҫʲôڲ˵
һԵ֣ǲô
Žеͷ˵
ǵһ˵ŵˣѵ֪Ѿе㶯ˣ̫ңСİȥ
ˮ̾˵
̧ͷˮҧҧ촽еЦĴ򿪽Уӳһ˫ɫۼ񽣶һ־¡񹤵ĸо
Ȼ뵽ǸСΪкСû뵽ŮҴĶĵЦþµĶ
˵ƺ˼ΪĲʺһģһ̲סȵĿˮԼġ
ţϲ𣿡
ϲ
ظˮ˵
ŵˮһȻʵΪʲôݸң
ľͷҪҴϡ
࿴ˮһƬۺ
ˮڨڨЦӹȻǾӨĶ޳ѩ׵ķ۾ȥе
ȴǷֺܲӴϸĶʱĸоʱֻܿЦ
Ǻܶ˵вλЩ˵ĶеĵطرкøеԴ֮£Ӧǿҡ
ˮʶ֮ģҶʮȹڵĶ֮ܵЩǮҲ򲻵
úоһ𣬾ȵĿˮȻôǿ󣬾Ȼһʵʵǲֻ͹ʵɬˮþãӴԽԽоһⲻһǰȥ⿪
ÿ𣿡
ǳЦ̧ͷӭˮĿ⡣
ÿ񡣡
ˮЦЦ
Ҫ˵ʲôʱ򣬶ˣˮһ飬ҺܽӲ濴ȥ뵽һЩѪڵĳ档
ﲻ֪˵ʲôʱվģȻȥһ¡
ˣʲôʱӭȢ´Сš
׺ǺЦ
ˣ˵Цˣǵ⻹ûнء
ˮҡҡͷЦ
ҲǣϼһҲ֪ʲôʱҲһս
˵Ҳεҡҡͷ
ˮóǰ΢һ񽣵ݸס
ⶫͦÿġ
˵ֻһ˵꣬۾ԲԲģƺţվ²Ŵվһ仰Ҳ˵
лܡ
ûпĵ˵
ֵܲÿ
ˮ˵
񽣱ҲòǣȻû˵ʲôǷݿĵϲûдϲ˼ЦЦҴõĺô̫ˣǷҲ̫ˡ
ֵܣͲ˭Ƿ˭λֳԸģĸԸġ
ˮҡҡͷЦʵ˲ηվԼһУˮͰǵֵˡ

ʱһһֹȥˣȴӺܼ尾رûе׵ĵȴΪڵһҵǻһЩϣ
ˮϴδ¼뿪һֱûг֣ˮȥʱ򣬷ſˣ۾վſڣһƬˡ
ˮһͻôࣿ
ˣ
ˮһ𣬻һ¼˵ϼһ֮ǰģΪʲôȴˣڣˮоϵĵһ㣬ˣһоҪԼһ˿
ߣȥ
ˮ˵
ߵԺѾܶˣÿһ˶ϹŰˣ·¼˸ݺᣬ¼Ȼ£ֻҪڣ¼ҵĴ¶¼˶ţ˵ˡ
ˮˣ·߹ÿһ·
үӽڰ˼ҲǰˣӦǺЦȥġ
ˮİһ䣬·߽ȥ
ķûݻһֹӣڴϰˣˮѰȷȥˣϵЦݱʾǿĵˡ
ˮзţġ
·ظˮһŷ˵
ˮΣΪˮ򿪣֪¼˾԰鶼Լˡ
ˮ㿴ŵʱѾ뿪磬ҺܿġҪѹҪģҴӦû
㲻õģϼһҲ˼ˣݵĴͻƺڣϼһѾΪǣҪСġ
ͷлл㣬ǸŮҶ֪ѾͷСһϲϵˣϲúö
¼ԺϣҲչһ£ͷӾȪ֮¸
ˮŵݸ·˻Լõ¼ʲô
ģǲܿ
·ҡҡͷ˵
ɣûʲôܣǸÿ
ˮЦ˵

¼˵ɥ¶죬Ϊ󣬻Ϊ
ǷҲˣʲôҲû˵ҲûڿĽӽˮ
˶Ǻܵڵϼһϣϼһ֮ǰ¼
һ¼˶æʲôģпǵǰɥҪ֪¼ҴһλãȻ˲¼ңǺܶŵһɲһζ
һǰɥ˾䲻Ҷˡ
Ϊ¼ˣǽľͺҪӦǺҪٲСӣ¼ˣԼҲʧʲô
һˮͬоЩܸоڵϼһƺҪҪˮԤÿζǺȷ
һоյĶȹĻɥŻᣬģ˶ϢҲôƽ
һҹˮоԼĶȹʵҲȹڵֵĻڴ
ڶˮĺ磬˵ɾϾû˯ʱĻᵽܿ
ɫˣǰɥ˻Ǻܶ࣬ǵɥûм뿪ﻹһƬΣвˮʲôģΪһЩԶĵɥ׼ġ
ͣ
ˮ̧ͷ죬ϣԼָоǴ¼ϣ˼ҵ˴ϡ
ֹ˰ʱʱ䣡

ͻȻԶһ޴ĺĴ
һ˶һ
ˣĻҪģΪʲôʱ
ɥճǱ߽ҡ
ˮ·˵
ˮ
ûµģ˭Ҳܴ˼ҵɥ񣡡
ˮ̹ǣΧֻ¼ˣǰɥҲúرˮѹڳ˶Ǳ
ˮӰһÿһ̤ǻӰһ㣬µ˸̾
Ź
ˣˮѾˣһֱ޴ͷˮӥľһˣ¼˺òǱ¼Ҫǿ
˶һۣѩ׵ͷ䣬ǵ˫۳һǰסǵꡣ
СӣܰҪϼһƳ˾ȣҪڵ˶á
Ϊ׵Ǹ̾ϧ


920 ɱһ֣ɱһ
˵ĻˮûʲôӦԷķӦƺϧŶԷʵӦñͻƺҪǿһ㣬ĸо
ңңˮҴ⣬ǽǻͻƵۺԶʧȥЧûκЧˣÿ׶ζʵ¼ףΪǸ׶ε档
һʹõҲûã켶ʹõҲܲסĹ䣬ˮڵǡ񡱻꺮Ķ
һɫТƽʱһЩʳ̻Ϣ֮еĵԶ¼Һܶʵڵġ
ˮиʲô⣬һжữΪ棬ˮʤˣ¼Ҿͻͻɽһ֮Ȼͬļˡ
ĺܶˣÿһͷʱҲĬĬעңԶĿУˮ˶Գ֮
óˮ·ƽ˶٣ϵǿϢҲǻ˵ʱ֪ǰѾˣΪԷʵ
̫ģѾˣ˵ŶɫеҲɫ·ɫĹΣоǹɭ䡣
Сӣ޽ҲûмûˣǶ֪Ѿ೤ʱûжˣϣǾˣˣǶҪ
Ϊ׵еĴһӻǵ
ˮŶԷǻ˫ۣ·ʣǿϢΪԷء
ڴϵ¶ֵԣֻ⣬Ż֡
ˮеѪҺеԽԽ죬ҲеѪ
ˣǻͣһëͷСӼŭˣҲûˣֱײˣֻƾԼı£ɱǲܴ¼ҷٲʢ
Ŀ߻˵
һ΢ձʼնû˵һ仰ˮҲ֣Ϊ¼˸˵ˣһˡ
ˮ֣û뵽Ϊ˻ˣӦǺƵİɣЩķΧҪ֡
ǿʼɣ˵ʲôûõġ
һ󵶴ͷˮӥ𣬶һͬվǰߵĲԶ
ˮû뵽ϼһﲻҪҪһȻ뵽ĽǸо֡
Ϊܵǣƻܶࡣ
һ̻Ҫ򣬼ȻҪҲûбҪ
Ź
ˮӰľŹչԱĸ
ˮһһ߶һӲͣǺܿĳȥɫһǰһĹˮ
֪ϣ˵Ѿ¯ࡣ
غϽսˮоһЩɱкõϣžŹûκεֵ֮
еĽһ𣬲ϵըһƬƬɫһĺڶԶŵ˶һϢ
ֽս¼ҵ˱κ˶ţ¼ҵ˶ѾǺˮһˮˣ¼Ҷٲ
ʮйˮ֪ԷûȫԼͬҲǣνĺõڵϣɱֻǡʱɱﵡ

۽𾦺ͻ֮콵
мгվֻΪǽշħ
һ˵ʵʣ²һǧǶ㣬ˮʵڸպòһǧһǣˮٶȻоŹ򵥵ֲ
ԸеһߣԺɣһһЧǶŶϵľ飬ʩչɱеĻᡣ
ƺƴһܾͬھҲУˮҲǴͷۣһƴѰĬһһƴǸ˻š
̤ǣˮסǸ˵ˣȻгͷ롣
츳
ܷ
ѸٵĴͷ뵫ϣͷŶֱһʴѸٺˣҲմϡ
й˼ɾͺãˮתĺܿ죬߷ֿȻ޷֣һֻһֻһö꺮顣
һֱҲʵĻᡣ
ಣ
ͷͻȻһ˿һߣˮʱȴǾŹѸٵĲ嵽һԣеһͻһ
Ȼе꺮Ҳ͵
Ϊ˶꺮飬Ѹٺ󳷣ϾˮڵʵĺǻǲӭӣΪˮߣ°ܣֻܺе顣
ˮҪľǱߣһڿնҪǰ߻ϣʱһŸʴֱӽȥ·ס
ˮʱȴͻȻǰߣһڶߵеֱһͻ
һ
ǰǾ޴ĸʴû뵽һӿôָͣ޷ֵ
ΨһǰŶûа͸оǴ̱ǵĸʴζһ͵߳ͷ뵲ס
еձһҧеʴʱˮ׼ֱӽеĸ
Ҵʱһ˲䣬һ˲ľֹʴֱӽס⻹꣬ˮٴһ
Ȼ䣬ԭĻٴνΧס
žͲҽ
ֱʱǸ߲ŸϵӵŶȥƺҪơ
е߱ʴĿڲϵĸʴߵ壬סֻҪܻٵǸʴ˿϶Ҫ군ǿֿܵǿµĸʴ
ǰ˵ʵƺﲻ־磬ˮﰵɿˣʣһΪǡ
СӣԼ
ͻȻһ
ֻóһźɫĵҩкҴСƣȻһ£Ƭʱ䣬˻һɵĺɫ塣
ۣ
ͻȻһںѪǰѴϡ
ꡭ
ֻǰɫۿɼٶȱڵսһˮͻȻо˺ǰںϳһһ
һָо
˵һ
ˮ뵽ԼһϧڵĽվеԼһҲеȻǿʹһ
ˮ˿⣬ʴеʧˣǰȴһɱһɢɱ˲
ʲôҩȻЧС˾ݴ½ҩʦ
ˮͷ붢Ŷħһߡ
Էģ˶Ǻħ
ɣ
һһȻˮеĴ󵶵ͷն£޻ڵһȴ̺һ˵
ˮɫһ䣬˫Ųͣڽ¼̤ŹеȻӳ

ˮ﷢ţ̫аˣȻĿֲ
ԣ
ˮһնϣˮҵĵɳȥѪҪǮ磬ߵӰһ٣ܿͻָӰһٴˮȥ


921 ķɱ
ɫ԰׵ˮ˲ᣬһѾǺѵֵó˸ľ忨һżӷһżٶȵġ塱Ѹٴϡ
һʼˮһֱûлʹãʹóٵľ壬ҪӳȥʱѸٵóһŶķͼٵľһѾ嵽ǰԶϡ
ķУһٶȵƺҲǡ
Լϵľ˲ڽԼ壬ʱһǡǼסĸоͬʱҲһر˫ȡ
ٶӵĸо
˵ӰֹˮԶɻǸٶȵľȻЧܺãҲڿöԷͣɡ
ˮԷ˫ʱˣԭԼġķãʱ˫ǵ۳˰ʹںޡ
ֻһۣˮܲ³Լں޵飬ӦǲΪ֪ȴ㹻ںһ飬˵һǸجεĴڡ
ǰһƬһֱȴǲ˵Ļ棬˵Ѿ޷ʵξˣΪڿ
ŻеԼԼӺŮеԼɥĲ֪ǱݺݣΪԼǱһ֡ķۡЩǺ֪ʱԷҪԼƵ·ϡ
ӺŮະŮǲ꣬źŸףȴµ֡
˵ԺԼǿˣȻžɱȻ޷еĻںޣرĶӺŮĺŵ
ǻǸСӣԼĺӣԼȻµ֣ô꾭ᱻԼʹʹֱҲûȢŮˣûкӡ

ֻСӱȣͣĺš
һѪҲãҲգˣ˵˵һħÿֻӵɱĳ嶯Ҳ类һĸš
ˮǵѪϵһΪǴҪҪˣ˱˸ء
ķˮû뵽Ȼ԰˷ϵ֪ķԼһ˵ħǸûкڡź飬ûˣķںʹ飬һ̱ʹķǶһЩѪյȲһֻþǻлһЩӲ飬ʹԡ
ǶķĿ£ģ
ĶԸǶˣǻеԵĻˣҲöԷжһѪûĵˣķϺѴЧˣͨԶԷһû
Ȼǰ˻֡ġزѾˣˮûмŶ֣ڶֿԺܼ򵥵ɱԷ
ˮûô߻䣬˵ڣȻ˵ʹ࣬ʱҲһֻûж֡
˵»˵ɲԴӦһ顣
˻ƵˮܵԷˣֻаĺû
֮Ҳƣ˵Ҳ޷˵һҲûʲôˮͷ
ͻȥ㲻õģһأֻϣ㡢ҪɱҵմҪĵط
һƺƽ
ˮԥһµͷ
Ѿɢˣˣ
ƺˮ߻˵
ߵĻˮҲڵˣͷˣ˳Ĭˮڵȣڵ뿪
߿е̫ɣȴңôǹԼһأһֱΪԼˣ֪һжԼƭԼ
ʱѾǴӿд򵽵ˣ˿ԶǰʴߣеԼš
ԺӶŮžˣȥǵԭˣԵȥڣǡ
ˮվŻµŰЦݵߣĳ˿Ҳǽˡ
ˮ߷ŵͷˮӥϣǰѵûжһֱĿͷˮӥɳߣǲŻһһѪ
ֲ˲أҲǿɴСԼҽΣûбʴɫ
Ӯˣ
ĿԶǲߴӰһȴǸоǸƵɽ廹Ҫߡ
Ӯˣ

¼Һܶ˴ʱһصʱ̻ܶ˺µģҲܶ˻᲻ȴܲǰգоûмķſһУܻ飬ɱˣһ㶼Ķҡ
¼ҵɥͻȻһЩʱӳǵǿ˸ˣЩ˿ɶˡ
ҺҲǰ
һֱ磬׼顱ʱӭǰɥ˵
ŵ
¼Һܶ˶һǿžȻˣ·ТæڣŵǰǱһ¡
Զ߳ʮˣΪ׵һͦε꺺ӣһϯ߰ɫװһѳɫͼſݵ˶һĸо
ǰ¼ڼݺȥǰ
ֱӵ·ﹰ˵
лл棬룡
·ƽ˵
·ʲôˣǲ˽ǰĺ壬޷һ¼Ѿʸ뵽ЩǿȦʾãΪѻѡǰ̽ʵ¼Ԫ˽Σѿ״̬С
Ǻ󱲣Ӧǵһֿܣ˵¼ҵһᡣ
˼ûжͣҪ뿪·뿪
ǰ˼ҵĺ°󣬼ϣʱҼ档
·ſʱ˵
ãһԵŰݷá
ǰˣʹ˱

ˮԶ뿪ĺܺãûڡ޹ؽҪϾ˭֪¼˲ˣ˭ɱڵߣ֪ԼɶԷûжʣϾɥġ
˳ľϣҲѡõļΪһ춼ǺۣϵƣˮϢˡ
ɾˮڴϣ˯ѣɣˣջҲǰδеķḻϧʱزȥˣӦûҪٴһʱ䣬ԼӦ¼ˣҪ¼վιһ㡣
󡢻
졭
ˮҪܶ࣬ÿ춼ɾһξŹ󣬵ÿһζʧܣеϰˣʧƺŲ
ˮ֪ԼִŻ΢;ŹҲǴﵽ˲ľ磬ҪѣҪʱۻ
Сϰˮ̸ǺԼûôоڳоŹҪľھ
ȻˮڹǿĲþ󣬾ĺôܶ࣬ΪһЩҩݲþ󣬿ҩݸõĴƷҲߣȣʱ߲󣬿Լӿٶȡ


922 ¼ңǰ
ˮþԼɾҩһȷĸоԼľԽԽǿܿġ
ԼڵȻС󣬵˵ССҲֻԵģܰѰľСҲǲСġ
һСˮûоҲ֪ţֻʱˮʲôãĿǰûдȥоС
ʱĲˣЩҲҪˣбѩʥǰĶˮռĲ٣ΪܶණʱûϣɾʱӣԻܵҲԽԽࡣ
Ҳ˲٣÷뱻ˮɾƴˣˮеʲôҲȻ˲֩룬ˮںܴ󣬶ҺڹķֳٶȺܿ죬ûʲôȻ
ɾĶԱһҪ˺ܶ࣬ô֩ʲôޣһ㶼ǰ²ŽʳһΣԵҲǺܶ࣬˱˳ԵĶˡ
ڶվݵصķϰҪȥߣˮҲȥˣ¼ĹǰϹ㡣
Ϊȥĺ磬ο벻Զ¼ҵ緹ſʼ׼ˮȥ·￴ˮƺҪ˵ʲôվû˵
ǲҪ뿪
ˮսԶ
ǲǰͲ뿪
ˮЦŴȤһ䡣
ҰͲԶ뿪
˵ֻ˵仰ʱ֪仰˼Ʋͷ
ˣҲϲˣߡ
ˮЦЦ˵
ģ
ྪϲĿˮ
ھ껹һʱ䣬ȥҪʮ죬Ϊͻ뿪ģһˮ뿪෢Լƺõʲôһ
ˮǿԼºЦʱɬһۡ
ˮΪ꣬Ҳ᲻࣬Ϊ¼ҵĸףҪһЭѵһ֧ϵǿӡ
һ㲻ˡ
ˮЦ˵
һ֪ˮ˼ĵ˵Ҷġ
Ů˵˵Ļˮֹͷֵĸо໹һѩ׵Тѩе
ҶҳǱһЩˣǰҲɣǰ˵Ҳɿˡ
ˮ˵һ䣬֪Լ˵⡣
࿪ĵĵͷȻˮһȥԷ
¼һ˵СɣҲţЩѾš
ģЩҲǿڷܵһ¼ʵҲŬܳϾӢĶǴˣٿԿһεĻ¼ҺǶǻ
һƴ㾢ѧϰϰסһͳһϢԷȻҪĬԽĬԽܷӳǿ
¼ǲɢ˺ܶˣµĲһɣЩô˵Ҳһģ˭һ¾ָ㣬ҲԼиס
Էһԣ˼극ˮͺɫǰ뿪ˣ·Ǭȥһ徲ķ䡣
үү
ӵĿǡ
¼ҵĵףֱϵҶǬһģ·һֻһķ١
Ѿͷʲô˵ɣǲˮҪ뿪ˡ
Ǭ˵Ҳе㷢治ˣˮһߣ¼һеٲά衣
Ҳûˮߺ󰵵¼һӦûеģҲǺܵģ¼ûˡ
ǬįΪˮҪߣҲ֪˵ʲôΣŮˮ֮ƺദĲǶôǢ뵽ЩҲһΡ
࿴Ǭɫһȣһ˵뵽˵ˮߣҪ¼һЩ󷨣Щ¼ҳϵˡ
Ļ·ǬԼ¼˶һһͿ黹Ǻ͸ģˮ¼ǲܵģҪҲܣҲû뵽һֱˮ
һκڵĶԿ֪󷨵棬ڲˣ¼ڶĻǲѡ
һ߾ͳõ·ߣԶǿĵĿ࣬¼ҵĺȴҪһ
֪һκܹؼ᲻ٴȻ¼ҺпܻᱻɵĸɸɾһҪƴһˡ

ˮ¼ҵһأ¼һĵطм仹д̨ҲǺܶࡣ
ˮǹĴк
ûжãһ˽аˣ׵ҲڣҲˮ˽еģڿǵ¼ҺͶҲ
·Ǹ˶ʮˣ󲿷ˮΪЩ˶ϴνͨɽˣˮҲܿġ
Ŀǰ׶εҲʮˣʵĿǰΪԶҪѷɫ٣ʮ˶һУ϶ʮˡ
Щ˶һ󷨵ĵӵģֳһǬһ·Ҳһ˳䵱ͷˡ
Ͷ塢ˮգȻЩͱ˵յĵطϣǰС΢Ľ롣
ˮҪСоǣ۴ѧСоǺ˲ͬҲ۵Ȩԭǿܶࡣ
Соԭȵ֮У൱ڶһֹֻкôˮǵеһЩˣȷ۵Ҫԡ
ΧתֻҪڣǲһǿ壬ԲٻǷֿǵʵʲôҲ㡣
ڶҸоܺãҲԸ⿴ġ
ˮѾ֪ɢϢġʥ֪ΪʲôԽô죬ˮĵȻڲŶ츳
ǲѾﵽһҵĵز
󷨵ǿģȴһ˶־ģΪҪ£ҪͷǰõģܷŹƴһѡ
ˮڰµ΢вϵĴģÿ춼ҪбһʱȻٶҲڲϵı仯
תʮȥˣ
ʮУ仯ĻǾ޴ģСоѾʼ΢΢һЩãΪʱˮĵҩҲˣһЩ΢׾ϴ衣
ȻѾ˾ãҲں㶫¼˵Ľͻͽģ·ҪȥŰݷá
ˮһȥΪ·ݲٳʲôˣȻǰһж׷ˣ¼ҽһκܳʱ仹Ҫ·
ˮҪһȥ·ûоܾ֮Ը¼ΪˮʵŲǶ¼ҸȤǶˮѣ֪¼ȴһؼ
¼Χ΢ʶΪϰΪ¼Ұȫ
ڿǱԵռһͨɽķ֧һ󽭺ӴɽºᴩһƬܼĽɽ»쵽ɽۣһɽͱһѾ޴ĵ̣һѾ޴ʯ


923 棬ͬ
ˮǰѵȻֻһѾ޴ʯɢɱȴرǿңߵ·Ҳе㾪Ŀǰʯ
ʿڶ࣬ʯһҲǸǿߣǿߣܰԼɱ̵ʯУݵ̵ĹʵͲС
һ黭ҲһǿߵһֿһЩ˿䤱һϣ˵ãҪЩϴﵽ¯ࡱĵز
̧ͷԶĿɽ¶ȺС쵽ɽɽͨһȺţһЩˡ
Щ˵ķͳһǰһѵֻ⵶ɫͬһѣɫǳһЩ𣬲òҲ֪Щŵˡ
ˮ⿴һ£ɥʱǸ꺺ǰһѳɫڿЩ˴һЩ졢̡ĳͼʵҲǺǸ꺺ࡣ
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ˮ·ߵɽʱȺ߳һ꣬һѳסˮ·ȥ·
λֵܴһ˵¼ǰݷá
·΢Ц˵
¼ҵģҴǽȥзԸֱӽȥ
ǰɫһת˵۾ˮϿΡ
˭֪¼̵һǿˣվߵ˲֪ǲǾǸһƽڵˡ
˵ǸǲǸˣӦò¼ҵɡ
ˮ뿪һ̲ס˵
¼Һֻ⼸ǿҲȻǡ
һԴһЩص˵
Ҹ磬ǿ˾Ǹˡ
˾˵
ӦǣϾ˲һ£Ȼ¼Ҵ¼Һʲô
ҲǣǸˣ¼ҹƻǰ

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Уֻӵ¶ȺСԶббһֱɽȴǺѸо¶ȣţֻڲһ̺С̨ס
һֱߵɽɽȻ˺ܶ࣬ʮׯ԰Ⱥˮ·ߴһׯ԰ȥ˵ߣׯ԰ȴǲ
ׯ԰̸϶ôݻҲдϢΪĽǾʯɣȻɫЩҲͦ޵ģԼǰׯ԰ûκθı䣬ԭľʯֻǱĥĹ⻬ޱȡ
ׯ԰ſվˮ˵ؿŽɫսͼʵҲûȥǰ¼ҵɥĿݺǿ
ǣ
ĸվǰʵ
Ը磬¼ģүӷԸҪֱӴ
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ԭ¼ˣ룬ںԺ
Ǹվ¼æЦ
ȻЦЦݺܽӲˮҲЦ⺺ǸôЦˣŬЦݿ˾ᡣ
ǰͺӻˮ·кȥˣӴˮ·߽ׯ԰
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һԺԶһƬһĵط״վһһˡ
ǽȥɣҾͲȥˡ
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ˮ¼˺΢Ц˹͵ţʧԶӭ
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·Цֻһ㷢࣬Ȼ֪˻˼ǰȥɥԵ޹ʵġ
ϧˮ¼ҵĺ󱲣ˮ¼ҵĺ󱲣ھͻԥİ¼ҽϡ
Ӧþˮɣηʵ⡣
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һʯݣֻһʯҪߺܶ࣬Ҳܴ󣬵¥ǱȥˮȻоߵʵ˿û̬ӡ
ˮ˲ǿǸܶԷҲǸĺ֮ˣʢǸ̬ӵҲǿԻĺܾá
ʯݵֻܴһ㣬ȥ˸оƺ泩һЩ񣬲ߣ΢һ㣬ɫҲɫϵҲɫͳһĳ
ˮΧĳ̶ȣֻӦ˾޵ĵطֻǲ֪ΪʲôԼ
ҵʱ֪סģԼӦҲһֳɡ
ûΣֻһЩţˮһ£ֵֹģֻ˸оǸǱ֮ˣֻʯеĵȴһһɱ⣬һͨ˽оµġ
ʯݵе£мһ߸ߵʯ̨мһС¯ˮǹģ๾в豭ɰɰ
ŲһЩҳ·ҲһͣԲϲһͱ˲ο˵ȨԼϣȻ֪ʲôȨ֪һ¼һ
ҶˣͷҾʹ򿪴˵ɡ
˷²豭ǺЦ
˼ʲô˵¼ľƴǡ
·Ҳ˵
·仰ʵ˼Ҳԣ¼ľƴǣ¼ľûа취ܲ¼˵ġ
˵ﻰˣź¼ҽսͬˣǵʵǿһЩΪܸо⼸궫ʤݻб䶯
Ƭ˵˳
·Ĭ˼
˼ңˡֱԣǡݳŽ˵Ӧúܶɡ֪֮¼ҵʵǵ׵ģΪˮϾҪ뿪ġ
·ﲻռʲôˣ˼˵˴򿪴˵ûбҪοӦòµˮ뿪
ԼȻܲµҪ¼ҽˣԻǺϷġ
֪ˮôɫһᰲһģĹâһյݴκһġ
˺ǺЦ
ˮҲû뵽˸Լôߵۣû˵ʲôʵ˵Ҫˣˮ֪ϳˡ
Һ¼ҽֻҪ¼ң¼Ǳ¼ҺսʱҲ֪ҵǲ䣬¼Ҳڻ㹻ǿ󣬵ԺԲӦҸӾиʽԺʵﻥ
˿·Ц
֮á
·￪ĵЦûелǻݵģϲлȻ˾Եòƽˡ
˼ң¼õѣԺʲôõҵģÿܰϵˮһƴǡ
ˮЦ˵


924 ݴ½ܣڳɾŹ
˵Լ¼ҵĹϵͬʱҲڱʾһ⣬ˮ˵ĺϣҲоЩԾ
˵ˮԺĳɾͺܴˮҲԼԺʵȴҪʱ䣬˵ĻзҲֻһŵ
ˮҲû뵽¼ҽ˵ģȻǰл룬ֻǸое㲻ܣǿǵǿʵڱϣ¼Ҿеϲε̨档
ʵͼģ˵ĿܳԶΪһʱʲô飬˲һؼĴڣԶ
ˮǰĻ˺ܿģʵ仰Ϊ֪ˮŵܴõʱӦԺ
ԺеһƬˮобҪʲô뵽˾ֱӴɾóƤֽݸˣǰǸϴɣ˼һϲ
Щˮֻģ֮ǰֻࡢ塢ˣΪõġ
ڸ˳Ƿ˰Щҩ֮⣬Ҳһ롣㶫Ϊ¼ң·ȻĳˮѾ֪ô˵мѾԶԶݣΪˮ𣬾Ҳüͷ
ƴһĵĽӹرĿģĺôǾ޴ģֻһ¹Ч˾֪
ˮҲʵھһͿȥˣﶮ󷨵Ҳ١
˽ˮ͸ļƤֽպÿĵ˵
ݣ
ˮȻ֪ݴ½ÿݵ֣ȴǲ֪˵ĸݡ
Ҳһ㶣˵˵˵ЩϢﵽˮʵӦ֪ģڿˮɻҲһ㶡
ݴ½ֳΣݡݡʤݡʥݡհһΣţݡ嫺ޡݡһΡ
˿ˮɫֱϸ˵˳
ΪʲôʲôĶһЩ޵
ˮԽɻ룬ԽԽɻ
ʵˣ沢ݵȻݷλǸ䣬ƺе㲻ףҪȥƺֻбʥͨнƣֻͨһЩ취ܽȥ
˵Ļˮʹ˺ܳʱ䣬ǰɻˡ
˼ң֪ݵһЩ𣿡
òһھݴ½˽ˣɲŹһЩ֪ʶĻᡣ
֪Ҳ٣ҾͰ֪ĸˣݺֻǱˣҲǿأ󲿷ֶ˹ȥйģҲС˵ĸݺǿӳ֣޵ǿֻҪܹﵽݵͻȥΪĵرĹ¼ҲǸ߼
һ̸Ȼ˵ǿ󣬵˵ݶǿߣʲôܣǺҲһģͨˣ˵ٶҪһЩձ˵ʤݺհޱݵҪһЩٶҲҪһ㣬Щֻ΢Сġ
ֵĵط׳ĵرЩģЩһ컯һ˵õȮ죬ܴһһķչ
ˮͻȻ뵽ˮеǸŮӣǲǱġ

˵ӰˮڿǴķз¼ҺŽ˸˸̾¼ҺŸǱһЩ¼ҴȻֹ
ص¼ҵˮʱ˳ȫ¼ϣȻ塢ϣ˺ѾȥʲôҲ˵ˡ
ЩϢ糤˳һοˮĴڣˮҲǴˣڶ֪ˮǸز©ʦ
ʦǿǿĴڣԭڣôû˸ǾΪ󷨣ȴǱˮˡ
˵ˮʦҪǿĶ࣬ɸΪˮһصɴΪǿ˲ᣬҺأݣݿһݣ˭ܳôһţԽԵˮء
ǣ涼֪¼ڸˮѧϰ󷨣һЩɺͼ嶼Ľѣֶ˵ص޲Żоʦ
ź˵ˮԽˮͨܵͨݣڱʥݡ
ʥԼȴǻûȥʵԼһֱȥģΪʨ롣

һתʮȥˣʮҪˣʮ¼ҵЩҪ˳˳Է˯ʱȫϵҩ¼ҵһЩ˳
ڹ׼׼Щƺǹ꣬ȫУʮĳɾͻǾ޴ģȻϡ
Ļ࣬ȻӲĿһȼѾʼǿѧϰ󲽣սֹһⲢʵһɱ
ҲѧԼһЩĶС󡢾СҲ
ˮѾŹҲ̸࣬ˮѧᣬѧᣬˮԼûаڳɣǽ̸λʲôģܲܳɹͿ컯ˡ
ˮΪʲôûӦ
󿴵ˮü˵
ˮڵǾŹʵһֱûк˵ԼҲûаڳɣֻһֱѧһΰҲǸˣһҪϺöΣоܳʱ䡣
Ҳǻδɣ
ˮ˵
ûӦǲڸΣ
뿴ˮ˵
һ仰ˮһ࿴ˮɫΪĬϣΪǱµˣֱӿʼ۰
Сͬһ󷨣ΪûɱǸԺܼ򵥵󣬿аڷаڣơ
ܿͰںССһ͸оĻ۹Ȼ࣬ԴԴϣԳϡ
õĶԽãԽҲԽ־ãʯҲ԰ڣЩ󷨿ԣֻЧСʱ̣еĺеļһɱĺ޴ĺСȻһЩʯӰͲܳɹˡ
һЩɽڣɽȻʯͷɽкеǾ޴ģһЩǿʦԾ͵ɽڣǿֲġ
ͻȻһֱӷˣΪˮ඼۴У࿪ĵĿˮ
ྪϲˮʵϲһԼеججģϲе㲻ţȻڵľŹͲεģȴǳɹˣҪԼҲ԰ˣҪڵǿܶ࡭
Ҫھ󣬺Щ첻֪˶ٱ飬Ҳãǰڵޱˡ
ˮ˺þãûпſĵŻ˵ǲ㣬ΪҵҲûаڳɹ
ˮĻסˣԾĿˮС΢ţˮһοѩıݺǷ۵࣬ŬԼƲͷȥ˼롣


925 ǿ󣬻ǳ˽
ˮڻǺܿĵģϾŹ԰ˣ˵ԼҲ֪Ϊʲôû뵽ڸ󣬵˲֪ٱ飬һЩǿ޲죬ûгɹ
ʵˮ֪Ҫԭʶвûᵽ۳þԼ̫ʶгֵĶˣһˮ֪ҲЩġ
ߣȥ󷨡
ˮѾУȻҪŹ󵽵Ρ
ţ
࿪ĵӦһ֪ԼȰڳģٿˮ˷ܵɫԾľͺܿģԼĿĲΪԼڳ˾Ź󣬶Ϊܰﵽˮ
һһ磡
ˮڸоŹ棬һͻȻ뵽һأһֲԭĵط
Ǳѩأ̹ǵĺ·һԶһȺͨ۱ԳСһƴıܳ˹޴·Ҫ˺һ
ˮɲҺͶԷӲôֻ˵Ҫֱ࣬ʩչŹŹҪڰϼ˾ŹλֻоŹвˮһ֮⴩ˮڸо˷ܣԽŲһֱ̧һ
ǰӦǰеİ֮һһ̤ˮˣǰԶվһŮˣ΢ЦſŴЦݡ
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ãóû˵Ҳ󷨵ľ粻ˮǰһȻ֮ͣ󣬶Էˮɱ
ˮʱ䣬ǰԵĳȥڲҲشɣϾĸ׿һҲġ
ˮţֻţ̾˳ȥ̫˼ˡ
ˮھŹһЩʶʲôĻ֪ģԥһ£һŹʹֻͣûӰӡ
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мĶˮԽԽ˷ܣϾŹλʵ̫ˣֻһߣǺǿҲæңС
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ˮÿһζλסֱߴβſӰֱʮβŵߣֱһץס֡
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ˮʧǰе㵣ģûжٴοˮǵץסʱЦˣһβԾסԼΪԼ
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ˮǳ䵱˳ҲϤ󷨣ԽԽ˷ܣˮϵĴţЩǿʲô׷ʱûк£Ϊ֪ӿʱı
һ뵽ٹҪ뿪̲ססˮֽ˽

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ͣˮ˼ԣܲȥˡ
ˮһѽᱧŹʩչﰲȫط
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Ʊ׶ˣĽڻ˼ƭ˵ģڸìܡ
ҪջңɱҲҿڿܵġ
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ˮеڣǰĶеḡϾֻѣ뵽Լڡ
ˮǲϲŮ˲ϲɣһ𹲻ѣҪŮϲԼΪһЩ֣ǡԣĽŮȴһԼչо֪ԼӻҪô
࣡
࿴ˮϵĺλûˣȻˮеſҪʲôû׼á
ˮסţǣֵȴǺܲƽ
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ЦϻǺģΪ仰ǳ׵ı⡣
ˮҲһ㶣Ȼࣺľˣ
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ˮһѽסģ߲˵ҪҲ֪㣬֪Һϲ㣬ϲЦϲ㣬ѹ¼ҵһжΪ㣬붯㣬˭Ҷǲռ̫ǿֻҸоί
屾е㽩ӲķסˮĲӿĵ̧ͷˮһо㡣
ҲίҰ㣡һû׼á
ཿպ˵С˵
ˮҲһ죬ΪԼзӦ൱Ȼܵˡ
ģû׼֮ǰҲ㣬һ׿ڸ˵ҳ㡣
ˮǺЦ
˵
ͷҲ̧Ĵˮһ
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ˮһ㶣²͸Ů֪ǵĸоΪ˻ԼڵķӦ
ˮҲе㼤Ҳе˷ܣϾܾûŮˣ°ͣʱ˿
ˮ¾͸оһаֱӶסԸе̴ڡ

еĴϣˮɾóĴʱһ£ˮУǳ˽
ˮǰ֤ˣû뵽Ů˺ˮʲôҲˣοѾȷ˹ϵ˶ǳˣ˵Ҳ˵ʵһ£̩˼伫֣ԼҪһ㣬ȴǸӡ


926 㾦굽
ǰľ֪ƣ룬ȡʱſˮУϵĳ컹ûȥ־һӾĳ
ⲻ⣡
ˮǹ⻬ѩ
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ˮɰĶҲЦˣĽİ¥´档
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΢һǷˮϵģϳ壬ͦһСһˮϣǶ˻ˮıǼ⡣
ˮһֱӰѩ֮У̰ķҷ

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ˮʳ֪ζĿУ֪˵͹ӳɵʵʮǣνֽһ
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ˮֻǱʵӣǾӺܱ仯;ıȽϣʮʵʵ΢΢
һεľı仯ˮоһ׶εĽβƣĽβŻ㾦ЧˮʵʮǻҪˣǰĻǿ󣬵ܸоеǷȱҲ֪ǷȱʲôֱˮоһܷӳǿվԶǰվôҲԶһһ־磬οҲ˺ܶ࣬һεõĺôǾ޴ġ
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С󲽣ɿսǿܶ࣬ʵϰʵĳҲֲܱܡ
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Ķ˺ܼ飬ҪˮǷǮΪĶˮԼĺãһЩ۵С̯ЩСܸˡ
оˮ뵽īԼʶΪһС̯ӣԼģе۳ŵľŹ׹
ˮԸڵ̯Ͽ¿öǮҲȥЩĵ￴ˮһ̯ǰЩС⣬ǿˮһЩСޱȡ
ֻҪˮģʲôġ
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927 Թɽկꡢ
ڶɽկʱ䵹Ҳ֪٣ɺڲʣϾ涾ĸû̫õӡûȥǶԷǰҲȥǶɽկɼɽկĿ¡
Ϊжûжôǵʵͻ½ܶ࣬ƺڵ¼Ҳ࣬һԲߡ
ԼҪֻܹùˮԷЦҵŮˣҴȥʲôط
ˮĻɫһ죬ȴǸоȴһ˿ĸоůܿĵĸо
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ڿһԿϵŮ˻û˸Һ¼˸˺ཻãҸǰ¼ҸڣܳԾ
ţоҥΪ¼ҵ治ˣҪһȻ¼ҾΣˡ
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ˮ˵ŮˣԵɫ࣬ΪɫȻһҸŮľ飬ǵһѾ˽ȵˡ
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ˮ̧ͷ̻Ȼоߵ࣬Ҳ̧ͷſУ̻貵Ĺâϣһһλð
ʱе̻ߵļһҲװƷоˮĿ⣬ͷˮеԵĿԼһҸԭô򶨡
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࿴¼˹֣ȴǱˮסǵĹϵҲСıռˣһ顣
֮ǰ¼ףҰѻ꣬ÿǵ˶֪ˮŮˣǿԼʵĲ˶֪Ժô
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ˮߴ࣬˵󷨺Ҿ;ˡ
ˮĻݺݵһۣɬƲͷĴԸ欣̻ȴǸӾޡ
ˮ¼Ҳſʼ̻ͱ¼ҵ˻϶ˣ貵̻Žյϲ컹ˬʵЦ
һֱһʱȻǳҹ
ȫڴŮ٣֮ϵĲҲǼʢɫȫӦģ¼ʵΪ˵¼о¥ʲôĲҵο¼Ҳи¼ҡ
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ǰȢСΪޡ
ˮ鲢죬ֻӲͷƤ˵֪ôģ֪һ㶼Լȥ
һߵõͷǬŮɫҲǺЦôرǴԺûпŮɫȻĵ뵽ŮΪ׼ʹһ㲻ᡣ
˵ŮǸǰˣŮ͸֮䶼һУɽŮѡʱ򶼻һ˿׵ĸоһεӰ죬ŮСڸﳤ̸ֹܵһЩӰ졣
㣬ҷģҿģʲôҲûҪ󣬾ϣܺúõĶ
ǬǺǵЦ

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ֻҪһžͲһ顣
ˮ˵
һ޲ȥأºˡ
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죬
ŮƯģΪҵù޺һ

Щ͸ǣ׵ɣÿ¼˷һԱܶģϻһЩЧ
ˮóһһĽеݸǬ


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·Ѿ֪ˮͶɽկկһͻûִ󣬵ˮóЩܶĶд㡣
žµͶǿޱȣǴϵʱһޱȣȻ˺ǿʵ
һҸĿˮһЦ˵Ķˣ·ǬҲõһ飬ѩõһ񽣡
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ҹҲԾĲȥˣˮǺ¼ҺԺտĶ̨վţ̨һ㣬ʱΧ̻ǲϵ𣬽ҹһϵĲͣ
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ˮ۳ǿߣķзڹ俴ûʲô϶ȫʩΪĻ۳ǿҲС
һǿߣͺܿͻʧȥ֣ʧȥ֮ǰȥһҲǸѡ

һˮͺһȹģǰڻӣҲǳ׵ӣȻִٵ˵С
ָˮΪģϸǸӵĲرһƻ
ҲǱӵһɱˮһֻһֻˮϲоˮһԣ޷ֿ
ֱʵǱӣڷʲô䣬ΨڹЧӾ޴ƻʹʱҪ֮䵽С


929 磬˿
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ˮҪĽҲǽаԺȻ޾ģˮǿãȴ޷о͸
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ˮϲӣݽϲݺչһЦ˵Цٻʢ
ˮкܶɻ󣬵ҲûʣЦʮǰҾʶݽˣݽȥɣ
ݽ㣬ǽȥ˵˵ɣЦݺ˵
ͻȻֵΧܶ˲ԣ˭Ҳû뵽ˮȻ˿ͷĹϵɫѿȻǶɽկ
ָҵĽģȥˣ˿ͱ޵ˣȴûеȥǣŮ֪Ыˣйô֪оҪˣüͷĹ
˿ں¼ҡŽһĻôǶɽկľΣˡ
öɽկǰĿĶҡˣܶҲ֪׼¼һˣ¼ҳǶˣĵȻ¼ҡ
ɽկ˿ݺ¼˻е㵣ģֻǺǿģֶζ˷ʤ


930 壬綷
һֱʱ֣ûˣϯʼԺеλˣǶ죬͵ϯ¶ģΪϯһ㶼ǰŶ̨
·վڡ̨΢΢ȭӭλĵˮǼϲӡ
ˮ߹ҪһЩƣЩһʽһ㶼ЩǿɵĴˣˮݺ͵λҲ⡣
˿ͶɽկҲһ
ҲλҲԭˮȥŵȼȵݺݺӺͼ˿Ůˣݺӵˮڲ֪ʲôо
ڶ֪Լһʲôоûʣ֮䷢һ
ϾûҲûз̹ĵİˮ֪Լռٱˣܾˡ
֪ݺǲҪʩһİҲˮ֪ݺӵ뷨ΪûиоԼʩᣬ˺ܴľġ
ʱǨȻǰݺӿԼܼˮоˣûмˣʤʲô˿һ飬ǲܳʱˡ
ֻǽˮ뵽Լһ¶ˣҪĻǲǻѵҲã˿
벻ͨˮͲˣһֻһ˲䣬ƱҲƱݺӺŮҲվ
ݽ㣬ܸСȸΪ
ݺҲ΢Цſ䣬ˮȥϡ
ܿˮߵ˶ɽկﻹҪȥģߣˣһˮʶ
Ǹɽկկ
ˮһʱüͷ΢΢˺ǿҪһɹŹֵҪˮһξõͻƻ淢ֲˡ

壡
Ƕˮû뵽е֮˵ǶҲǶ壬ҪǾȻߡ
ҺĴϲӣǰңλһ
ˮЦ˵
ʵ˵¼ҺͶɽկҲûʲôֻǺ͹֮е㲻ѣмǹһһΪùˮ
ΪмͼӴ˵һЩɽկˮһ㣬ùһҪսˮ˵Ǹһˮֻ֪Ǹկʹ˰ݡ
ɽկ˵Ҳĺˮܿ߹ˣ¼ҵһ϶̨Χȭһ
ӭλǰСڴ轣ˣ
һϰףһ轣ˣȻ˿ȥһ裬߷սǻ磬ԶˣʹսҲǵ㵽Ϊֹ
һȥĶǼСǰصһ㲻ȥʹȥҲ棬մ˵ǱԵġ
ȻƾҲԱԣһжѺ͵ˣܴܶҲһߣԷһ̨¡
˵ҲУֻǺ٣ΪĴ½ϲ£ǼѪҲûʲôͽϲ죬ǿĻһû˸Ρ
оǼڲȶΪĿġ
̨¼ҵǸ轣һʹǲ轣ϵ˶̨Ȼ¼ǿĺ󱲣Ҳе̳
ǱŹ̬ȣǸоһһͻֻǵһºܶ˶һȡ
Ȼ͸ⲽȴǷⲽʵúɱһӽĴ󲿷˵Ŀ
̨ϵҲͶʮͷʵʼ𣬵Ӱڶ̨ϺƮеĽ¼ҵķܶ˶ܿĲ£ɱһֹ
¼ҾȻĲ
¼Ѿˣһйϵ
¼ҵã
ɽկǸͷ̾˵
ǽôˣҪҪ棿
һԵһԥһ˵
˿ѾںվһˣŮֱӽ˿λӣҶǺִܵŮ˵״ġ
еǷϵ˵
Ǻǣôǰ̨Ҫ𡣡
ʱЦ˵
˵ҲǾĿڶɽկĵλͣرǺԱΪ֪Ŀ¡
첻¼Һ˵⿤ԺǶɽկҲֻˡ
һֱû˵߿ڡ
һ㣬һ˫۾رϣһǿ߷緶

ǰмǸ̾˵
ģ
ǺǵЦš
ܿ춾ɽկһȥĺܸߴɫʿһֻЫӣȥ˵ɽկ̨ͽ̣
¼һܿͻָȭ˵֣룡
¼һڲԱҲ·һӱһȥĶɽկʵ¼Ǹģʱر졣
У
һԾֵĺڵǲһͻһӭֱӼ˺ߵĲϡ
ã
ɽկҲһȭ¶̨ʵıȶԶɽկƽΪɽկ㣬ĳöе˵ȥ
öɣ
ŶɽկٴһȥȥľȻǶɽկĹԣŶ̨ϵЦԣͽ̣
֪ͶԷĲ࣬һҧȥʱȥ
ǲҲҪʵ֤͹Եʵ̫ԶԿĳһȭӳȭͷһɫȭʵĽȭͷΧš

ֵɳȥһڵѪˤ̨档
ɫһŹ֣εЦЦ˼ʧˣֵû£Ϊϲһϲɣ
˽ס֣˫۷ŭĿ̨ϣҵҪγˮ˭ܿɽկǲġ
磬ȥ
һ¼ӵ˵
㲻֣
վ˰ѻԵ̧ȥһֱӳڶ̨ϣŶĹԡ
֣СǰѾˣû뵽ֵܻˡ
˿˵
ûʲôȶ⣬ֵܣҲеͽ̣
˳һѴɫϸƤЦⲻЦ˵
ǰ˵ˮ֪ˮǿ󣬸Ϊ¼ôȻıˣΪ¼ң²ˡ
Ҳõˮһ壬Ķ࣬ھǶϹҲˣϾǶɽկկҴ涾˵ģܽţ⶷̨ϣɲΪԷööȻеûй涨ȶʱö
аɣ
˵ϸһɫâ֣ͬʱϵƴʢͬһǲ
ӭ
ͬǲʽڲͬʵʩչЧȻͬ˵ʩչһЩǿҲһݣ̫ˣ̫ˣ
أ
ҲҴ⣬˿ᣬȻһˣȴǱ˺ܶࡣ
Ȼʵ࣬ԭ츳࣬ΪȻкܴϣΪ¼һļ
һӴԱɫһ䣬еĺڽϺɫĹһǰ³һ߳ĺɫϢ

ˮǰѺɫĳ


931 ǿĶ壬ʥ񹦡

ˮǰѶʱһܿ;ǰѶԼĶȲ̫ˣֻĶ
Ҫиģģֻо߱ĵܳΪ֮ͨļԣùиԡ
Դ߶ǵɫϢڸ߱Ƕǹս˫͵ڵһ̤
һɵɫϢӣһջն˿ȥ
˽Լʵת۷壬ŵ巢ϢתĴ쳣ѡ

˵ͻȻǰ㣬ϸһϸܵĽŹԿȥǲ˲䵽ԵһԹ˼ĽǶȡ
񽣣
ͻȻһŤתеĳâʢĸպ˵Ľϡ

һ˵ӰһˣȻҵ˳ȥʱ˵սǵ˿С
Ӱˣ˵ģϴһ˿ųƣʱ󺧣ΪԼܽӲսгġ
֪ǶԷĶЧڹȴǻźڽȥеĽȻ˵ʺ
Сӣң
¼һߴһҪֹ
Ͼϲ磬ɽկȴҪأ¼ҵλúҪֶ̨ϵսǲֹܳģ˭Ҳܣһ죬̨ϵ˿䣬Ϊ֮սԿ䣬䱻ֻ㵹ùҲ
˱ס
ǿԲûκα仯ˮŰĿͶ̨ϣԵϴһȻȴ˵仹ü
仰ǸģΪ֪ԷӲܶһҲ˵
ֹȻйǾͷָ°ɣ
˵ͻȻٵ˳ȥ
˴ʱʶѣȴǲܶųĳ˵ʱɱǰСˣҲԸ⡣
߶֮壬ģ
ʱˮ˵Ķߡ
һˮ·ˮ֮ץľݡ
ˮĻԥȻµõɣûжʱ򣬶ٴδˮ
ǲɱ
ˮĻɵֱʹ
ӰһյĴǸպñܿĳ
ɱ
еһɱУ
ۣ
һ죬ǻʺĴ̶֪ܶɱԷˮĻͲܲɱԥˮĻ
ȥĹʱܿģΪ֪ˮҲɱԷá
أֲܱǸ
ΧǸ˵
һ󰲾ʱ龰Σգֻǲ֪Ϊʲô˾ͻȻܶˣڿɽկկɱкܶ˺ܿĵġ
ر¼ңǰ֪ɽկǸկɱˣںˣķɱرһǰһ
һκܰû˳ɽկǱȴŭĿŶ̨ϵ꣬ȴûа취ܿ춾ɽկȥѹԵʬ̧
±ߣȭͷսȻվȻһֻ޴ĺӥһ㣬ΧĻһ㵭ĺ˿ס
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濪ʼۣк֪ܶɽկģϾһһӳͷ˵һһ֡
ɽկ˴ʱܳأһп̨ϵĹ䣬ܳȥôɽկϣٳʲô飬ôɽկֻܹš
׼𣿡
俴Ŷ˵ѾܾûгˣΧ˫΢΢
ȥȥݽЪᡣ
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ˮ
ģҲµģ
ĴϲӣκεͲģžԼȥԷǸеа죬Լе㲻
þͻƣȻҪЩֶˡ
ɣҲˣϢɣ
ˮӰͻȻǰ档
ŹˮʩչŹȥġ
ˮһ˵һǰˮͻϮĻмܶ㿪˶Լǲܶ㿪
˸мĿˮһ̨ۣˮŶˣȻԶת֮ջͽնˮҲԶת
ǰĹҲת£ͬʱѸ߼ת
ݺҲǵĵĿˮҲ֪ˮﵽʲôĸ߶ȣ֪ɽկǸ˺ǿ
ݽ㣬ܵˮ
࿴ݺӵɫ˵
ݺӵһЦſࣺҺһطˣϻﾭӪһҾ¥үүҲκõģݽ㡣
ǺǣݽˣкüˣҲֻһˣ˭һ˶ռ
뵽ǿѾˣŻ뿴ߵŮˡ
˵кˡ
ݽˣ
ݺЦҡҡͷ˵
ݽϣ绪꣬ݽĳˣҿ˶ĶûΧĿЩ˶޲ó㡣
Ц˵
ǿơŵ´СԭҲ˵
ݺЦЦգգ۾Ů˵Ŀɰ඼һ㶣һûü˵ʲǫ̂Ѿ
һȻֱӻһʵһĳļµĺһϢ
ˮó񣬾ĶҲҪóʮֵľȥû뵽˾Ȼ壬ʹö뷨
оʶҲѴЧݴ½ʿڶ࣬ȻиоԼʵ㲻˵൱Ĳûû˳Լ

Ź
ˮӰȻһһ˲䵽˹һȥ
أ
ıһȻѣ·ǰһϣӰһеġڽˮٶȿ
ǿ˷θˮֱӱס

ϾȻбģȻԼǰסˡ
ɱ󣬵ٶЩǷȱοˮŹ·ߣں͹սʮغϺֱӻһ񽣡
Ǹðѱǽһˡ

Ȼ
ˮȻ߶ϣ
Ϲʢ貵޵ѹȴԽԽǿӻȥ·һ
أ
ֱӽˣˮӰҲѸ˿ȻԷĶˣǿ
廹ǿ󣡡
֪ΪʲôɽկôдֻֻͨҪͶԷнӴһ۳޷ܡ
綾ϧĴںеһƴͬ㣬Ԫ̣
ҲľΪԸǰСӺףû뵽Լġʥ񹦡ȻԷֵסܵ˶ԷϵǿԵһаģԼġʥ񹦡ѰаܱȣҲ˴롣


932 ʮ쾭ޡơԡ
俴ŲԶˮ߰θһߣ˫ֻ̽ʮ׳ĺ³īоӣļ¡
ˮеһγֱɫСˣ׳ĻȻ󻺻۳Ż
һˮǲҴ⣬ֱʹöķģܸо̫ʣˣķǵȵ򲻵ѵʱʹúˡ
ΪˮобǰԼȻˣҲ֪ԷԵΣʵе㼬֣رڣϵڵĺ
ԲǾ綾ô򵥣ΪⲻģϺΣϸӿֲһʤˮһ£ɱлҪڹؼʱ
˫飡
ˮֱӽеŻľʶʵҲ΢ı仯رǺһ֮ﵽһС磬ͻȻ֪ı仯
ʮ쾭
ʮ쾭дͨ˵ǴȻĴڣľ֮⣬һЩصľЩɺǿֻܴͨ˺١
һֱˮ֪ǰֱ֪֮ͨŷ֣ͨպòС׶Σһ׶ˮľĵõһʱ䣬蹬ĽҲǱһ࣬һС࣬ͼҲ˲С仯
ֻʵûôͻƣʮҲǿˣʵЧǺܲģһ
ʮ쾭ͨˮƺоʲôСǾһ뵽ԼǸ뷨͹Źޱȡ
һҲֻһ˲䣬ŻӰӱŰŶɽկǸ˳ȥ
ҲأԥĽϵġ·һĺХȥŻ
˻˻
أ
·˻УƵײֱڰըһƬյشﲼ̺Ͷ
Сӣǿϧңûʱ棬ʥԣ𣡡
ˮһЦǸĺӾȻڷЦʱëȻŴһ
ֻһɫâʢ˵һʱֻŨҵıɫ壬һʮ׳

޴ĺУֻֻԽ˻ð貵ıâƺΨˮʶԼɫԵĶԱǰġɫĶԸʮֹ
ˮгһŶķ
ѾڲôˣֻҪɱ˾УΪ֪ԷԼͻôҲû뵽ɽկȻһ̥
еĶķھԷܽʱһεѣˮһóķҪȥ

ʱΣ޴ı˻ˮȥкԶһŨҵġϢ³
ɫϢӨ񣬵ڿѸٵĻ·һűɫıһɢһ˿濴ˮľ
ڵʶĸܵǱɫϵΣա
۽𾦣
ˮʹû۽𾦺ڶԷǰһ֮ľޱȣһγЧˮе㲻ˬ
֮
һεҲûгǵԵĻ֮ʵһзȣ
ˮоԵޱȵĻ֮رˬɵܿµģΪе
һԵĿԸܵԷԵ½˲٣ͬʱٴδŻֻǲûаѶԷջ١
ֻڵ׶һ㣬ܿԷԻָԭٴˮȥ
ˮۻҪʱ䣬Էʱ䡣
δ꺮飬޴ıԵסȻñԵɫһ󰵵ȴϻָ
ҪˮǱԽʶԼǶ൱ΣգðգӰһڹһ꺮ŶԷĴȥ
չɣϾŹˮٶռƣֻǶԷ壬綾ıԣĴ࣬ȴ࣬á

һαסˮ֪Էһб߾Լ塱һĹ֪һʱơ
ֻһιƺöԷҲǾޱȣһֱӰѹ令м䣬ȻӰűˮ
ˣ
ˮоǰĺӦļޣԼ꺮ٴ㣬ҲѾսˡ
ˮžŹֻܶܣԷԣˮΣû뵽˾Ȼյ˻ս
ս
֮Ϲǿ޽սֻԣսǿսֻдﵽ۲ʹãսǴ˵ս
ԼľݹܻܲΡ
Уʱ䣬ʱеΣա
һŹХıԵĹ
޴ıٶȿ籼ף𻨣ˮľŹûڲ֪˵Ŀ£¼Ҹ˿ɵ
ΧҲûκЧΪƯԣʵǾ綾֮
ˮĻ񶼴һ֮֮࣬࣬ٴѹʱ򣬿ǺХԡ
ˮϸо൱ĵӦ֣ͻƺı仯һ󵨵뷨֡
αˣеĻһ¾ʮס
ϸֻʣ´ĴָϸȻܳˮȴǷֺԼϵǺУͻȻһ𣬾޴ľϲһ
ｫʮ׵ġޡ趯ֱӳһԵԴϡ
ꡭ
ֱӽǾ޴׳һģҪʧһ

ˮЦ˫ֻӶλԽԽ߱һϵĳڱϮıϡ
ٶȺܿ죬ǰΪѹȻÿζܽԷױֱӱԷԵ֮һԷܿͻٴγ֣ԼѹҪʱ䡣
ںˣƽˣԼġޡȫ赲סʱ䳤ԽԽѾǲڶֱӿԭزĽֻԴˡ
ԭ𻹿ãͶ򡣡
ˮڿޱȡ
ܶ˶ˣ˭Ҳû뵽սȻﵽ㾳磬ľܶ˶ǵΪɽկȻǿˣɽկǿĲЩϼһˡ
žž
꣡
ٴˮĻֱӰֻԵ׳鱬ҲͣļȥʱӣġѾӦϡ
ˮĽ𵤿ٵתӴϵ֫ٺͼٵתۿɼĲȻܺƽֲǲСġ
ԽԽ̣ˮԽԽһλӳʱֱӽһķȥǴȥͬʱͻȻȻٴǳȾȻֱӱȫʢʱڻҪ֮һٶȱŵȻҪֺöࡣ
ˮæˣͬʱ޳ֹ
㿪˵û㿪ˮھŹֱӷ͵һ֮ѸٺˮĶķֱöԷ״
ķ˾񹦡
ˮĻֱӳ˹Դϣ


933 ޲ߣ˿
ǰˮоһɵɫϢ壬ǱԱʱ㿪ȴҲûȫ㿪
ˣˮĻ޳鱬ԴˮڿпȥĹ䣬һķǿ޻˵Ϊϡ
ʯˣһջˣһִˣȻٶҪܵķӰ졣
ˮ֪ⶾķʲôʵµЧ۳ڵĻǿ𵽴ãˮѾˡ
أ
ʬ˶̨ϣƵʵѾǱҪ̣Ӹ߿ˤ²ûг֧
ˮȥ빲һκɽկսǳԵޡֹ㣬ѸݣҪԣʱˮоҲܻΡ
һ뵽Σˮһ󼤶γɵһǿܻεĹһǴ˵Ĺ˵ĹһܻΡ
µˣ˶ݵĳĬܶһΪ¼Ӯûʲô飬ǶɽկӮˣ˭ܵסǸˡ
ţˮˣʹŲ֣ҲȻһս˭ʤ˭ܻ˵ʹ˲룬Ҳ꼰㡣
ˮʤˣʲôҲ˵ˣɽկĻһʲôٶҪʲôĻɱҲǲܵ顣
ˮڶ̨ΧȭȻɽկɽկļλǰʲôҪ˵𣿡
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Ƭ̣ɽկǸΪ׵߼ѵ³֡
Һĺӣлɽկˣϣ͵δ֪ϵ۹ӦòԺ𾪵飬Ҳϣ¼ܵʲô˺˭ȻһҪٱɡʵҲûʲô˲ģÿ춼кܶ
ˮ˵껺̨ȥ
ɽկȥ̧ʬ壬Χ֣ɽկҪ£ǾͲˣǣ
ľٶ˸е֣ϾҲûоʧԺǸöɽկԪ޷ѡ
һˮ󶯸ɸꡣڶһʱԶҪˮ¼ҵĳɾͣԺҡֱϣƶɽկΪҲֻܳĬ
Ժˮ¼ҵĳɾûʲôչɽկȴͻͽĻǶɽկһˮưոݵġ
ˮ뿪а˦ǣΪ˱޲¼ҺԼʱһֻǶԼҪʱ߾裬ֻܷнֻǱΪֹ
ʱǺٷˡ
ճУԿ˲٣ʱ򣬻϶뿪ˣʣšҡԼ˿롣
šҡҺ˿¼ҴһǼ磬õѾһϯˮĽıѾ֪ô
˿ˮ˼ȻҶ֪ˮͶԷǸ˿֪֮飬û˵ʲôҲûʲôٶοˮѾӵ¼Ҳ֪ûгǵϣϾԼźü檡
֪ˮԺǳ¼ҲûҪˮ˩סǶһ͵ˣ˵ı»ǺǿģԶˮǲκθԤ
ˮߣұݺӣݺԼģмˮݺôڶʤݣݺҲ򵥵˵¡
¼ҡźͶԼҵĽٴؼ˵ȻˮݺʱҲμӣˮȻĴӦ
˿ĲμӣȻǺܿģԺҪԸõȥ
һֱϣݺ뿪Ǵݺҷ䣬Ͼˮ»֮ҹݺ뿪ʱһ˿ʧ䣬ֻת֮
šҺҲ¼Ϣһ뿪ˮ֪ܽɾ԰賿ʱѾɾʱõĲˡ
·Ľ¥ԼõģĲúţûһСŮĿɰһֹĴǽɫĽǸӽƵվߵһȹŮӡ
̺ߣˮһ˿⣬΢΢Ըǻˮɫһ֪ŵŮӶǡ
һѱסﱻϣĴ齺ͻĿˮͺȾһ컵Ϣ

ݺվڷĴǰƻͨջҪЩӲȥ¼ҸϲϼϲѾˣ¼ҵһЩ仹ʱĴĵЦ
뵽ˮں¼СһңͻȻܿɬһǱˮģȴǷʱ꣬Ƿݸоĵȥ
ֵȥĸоԼнҲΪԼڵһжģԼǿӰӣκ˶ˡ
û޸ˣܺأԸϣЩŬΪܸĽŲ
Զ¥ĹâˮĻ鷿ݺһ˿ԼʲôʱҲһ졣
ˮԼоϲУڰǵʱѾǸصˣռԼˡ
ڶˮĵһûΪϾ»֮ҹˮȻһ࣬ʱɫѾ΢΢
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˵͵ԵעŮˡ
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ˮݽǲϲ㣿
Цʵ
ˮһЦôԴˡ
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ˮһ˵
ʤʱҵģ
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ˮһ̷ֱͦ鴦һ£ͻ˵ҺѾöûˡ
ˮһۣܿЦˣʵ԰ݽҲȢ
Ļˮһ㶣⻰Ů˿ˮеͻأˮЦЦĿû˵
ҾǸоݽͦġ
಻˼˵
ѾͷԸñ˷ˡ
ˮҲǱڸϱŮ˶Ц
ҲŲԸͱ˷˭֪ľͷԭҪ
ˮһ
磬źͶҡҶ뿪ˣû뿪֪ˮٹͻ뿪ǵʱˮ
ԺͤУˮݺӶ
ݺ΢ЦĿˮѾ˺ܳʱˡ
ݽ㣬ǺܳʱûҲҰɣ
ˮǰӷ˵ŮЦ
ĳˣˣܰ䡣


934 ˣ߼ĺȻ
ˮǰݺӣȻƽǸܵеһԹرе㲻֪롣
ݽ㣬ǰˣҲƯˡ
ˮЦЦ˵ʱٴ˵ĸо֪ôݡ
ˣݽǲˣԼǲˡ
ݺӺŲĺˮ졣
ôᣬݽˣǸ˿˲Ķ֪Ǹд˸֡
ˮݺӸп˵
Ůʱ˸£˵Լǰˮо仯ĿԼû뵽
벻֣
ݺӿˮЦ
ˮǰƺûκβݺӣЦҲƽ˵ǺһЦһֻ֪ǿЦ
ɲоеģˣݽ㻹û˵Щôء
ˮǺǵЦɫĲ⡣
оǰ̫أԷٽһͲ֪ˣοôȥˣ˶ǻġ
ݺȻܿˮ⣬ǱҲڣմϲ꣬Ҳھ˵ʲôοô궼ˡ
ݺӰڰٻʲôһЩˮ渵ȻҲʡȥֻܶ࣬ǰһŹ˵һ£ٻоݵҲû
ݺӵĻˮЦЦݽˣƽơ
лһҪĹˡ
ݺӿˮǺЦ
ŶһѾԸıһǹϲݽˡ
ˮЦŰ衣
ݺЦû˵֪ˮֻƺԼϾֿġ
ˮЩôôʤݣ
ݺҲֵʵ
ˮ̫ˣ˵ˮ̫ˣ˵治һʱʱ˵꣬ݺʵҲˮ飬Ͼˮݺܶ˶֪ġ
ˮһЩҲģһԼ˵һ˳Ĵﵽ߶ȣʦԼĹˣûˮԼҲȲʦĳ֣οˮıԼһ
ǲǿҪȥˣ
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ݺǳЦƺܿġ
¼ס졣뿪ʱһߡ
һе飬ߵʱһϵġ
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Ǻðɣ㣡
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ˮɾ¼ҵ˼ʹڹҲûֹͣʱǸٽչʱڣҲ֪ˮҪ뿪һҪŬʲôĻҲý
ɾˮͿʼӣеһɱɫϢȻƵһ䣬ʱȴ޷
⻹ֻǽ뵽弫ٵһ֣ûȫܵ뵽ӣеĺȻҲǿ󣬽Ǳ̵ϢˣǱ̵Ķ뵤ֱӱеĻ֮ˡ
һˮܲһеըһҪ罫Ƴãˮܲû£ԺսʱϾʱⶾһ˵þġ
ˮſʲô취Ƴⶾ
ϥ£ʼתϹźȻǱ̵Ϣȥһ߱ȥһ߼ӿתٶȡ
Ǳ̵·һ㣬ھеӴܣеľͨ˴ͨ˴Ŀ£֩һ˵ģ̵ĶܣھӴܵĸ޷׷ǰסΪλøպãƵﲻԶһ䣬ұƵ̫
һתǿһЩ͵ıȥǶûӴܣⶫ棬ˮޱȣˮץһ㣬ƵýһˣԶһ㷴öԷ
һ㣬ջ񣬵ǱڵķˮƣٶȥҪʱ̫ˣܵⶾĻˮԽ¶ģһҪƳȥ
˰ʱмֻζµһ㣬ֻҪʱıסԷˮоһʱܰȫ
еץ񣬲ˮ׼óһУȫϸţëĽ롣
ԺȻǿģȴǷǱ̵ҲǺǿֻʹý븨ˡ
Ȼ׷ϣˮӣÿһֻһʱͻȻ룬Ͱѱɫȥ·ضϡ
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ˮĽض˱ɫĶȻ·ҲᱻضϣֻΪһˮ͸оɶˡ
ʱƳ٣ˮϵĽԽԽ࣬еűɫȴԽԽ٣Ľû룬Ҫȫ⣬治֪Ҫʱ䡣
֮ܿһıɫͱȻϵǱɫĶÿһˮоȻƺڷ΢ı仯
ĺȻԲ磬ֻһֱûͻƣˮоһֻ룬ʵʵ޷ƿȴǷƺһѷһˮܼ
ѵȻҪͻƣ
ȻȻˮӵʵǿģӵˮֿԼʵѹԵǿĶԻκᱻȻƣ߼ȻӦҲǸˮ룬о߼ĺȻһǿ
Ϣһټܵ΢ı仯ֱӼӿ˽ȣһںߵı̶ˮûüжͷֺȻͻȻھŤ
־ǵĸоǿңӷһһŤԽԽ죬ˮһֱӽϵĽε
ڵĺȻԽԽǿŤŻصһصеĻ֮һԶתؼԵ֮ײ
ɫĻ֮ͺȻţڽΧһ㣬תٶҲǼӿ죬Ϲӿȥ
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ҲͰӲʱ䣬һƵ֮ٴڵռȥһλãмǽɫĽ𵤣ɽһߣȻҲǶռһߣڽܱߡ
űǰŨĺȻҲˮ֪Ȼͻˡ
߼ĺȻ
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ˮǸоеĸо߶Ȼʱһȵ𣬱ͻǰоǿܶ࣬һǿһһǿԽϢ
ĺȻȻ߼ʱһЩ仯ʵȻӱ߳ɵʵŻпܶءѹһи״̬оڿܾҲǷ˾޴ı仯
㣡
ˮ߶ȻţŸԶתĺȻٶȻӿǱɫȥһξֱӳҲá


935 ֮뿪Զַ˵
ǱɫĶƺܵȻĿ£ٵıͻƺĺȻѾǰɱȵģǰһСϪȴһһ㣬ܿ׷ȥǴСһֱӽǱɫĶɡ
ʣһı̶ȻֱֵӱˣȻǰ̫ˣ߼ĺȻĺȻǿ̫ˡ
ȷǱɫĶѾʧˮŲſʼĺȻͻʱһϡ
ѹˣ
ˮʼȫںȻ»ۣһֱ蹬;Ϻ
ţǿ
ˮƵı仯ܸоﲻԣûˮĸоƴһ㡣
ҲǵһΣ
ˮʼһδεĳԣҲѹˣԺȻ֮ԼƽءѹƶԷϳˡ
߼ĺȻе
һѹסƣҲѹסʵҲۿۣѹ˵ƺܶ࣬ǿѹƵͼߣҲѹҲѹˣѹһ¿ƾƽԷɱ
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ˮҪǡ֮ԺȻΪǿľΪܶͬһʵѹѹˡ
ԽԽ֮ķˣеսˮͻۺֵģֱȻͻƵ߼ˮŸоɡ
ҡֱϾ˵еĴÿһչǾˮûǰľв£ֻһͨչһɶѡ
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֪ɾʱȥһˣ֮ҲǳˣʹˣҪСɻҪЩӣѹûȷеʵֻܸܣöʵۿ۶Ҳǿֵʵ

Ѿ൱ߵľ磬ѾǿҪóʱˣûˮҲٵǣÿ챣ֱҪĴͻƲͻƾͲˡ
ͨ鱦ͻһﵽᾳ磬һСͻƣͨ鱦ģǿҲӹɵġ
յǿҪЩԽԽҪܳʱ䶼޷ͻơ
һﵽ弶磬ˮЩﾳƲͬЩˮҲȥ룬ֻǵڼ֪弶͹ˣԭһ
Ҳһﵽ߼űǰһɫĸԽǿңⶫǺö߼磬һ׷˾壬ȴǿҪ˼
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мˮϰ֮ʱ԰ѻ֮ӽȥȴǷֺͺȻ໥ƣԵϢ޷ںϣҲͲ뷨ˡ
ˮȥʱѾˣ߳䣬¥µͤţˮʱƺӦĻعͷ
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ˮҲᣬҪٵȼꡭ
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㻳Ҳҡ
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ʱܿ͹ȥˡ
¼ҵĺܶ˶ڣŵҲ˲٣Ҳڣˮվһ飬ˮҪ뿪ˡ
ˮ·ҪСģҪǵҡ
ˮ˵˵
ģһ㡣ҲҪСģû¾󷨣ϰǸҪ
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Զһֱѩ׵ľݺվ棬ܿ͵¼Ͽգ£˼Ǹ߹Ůһ㣬ܶ˶ۡ
һˮӵһ࣬ɿźʹһӻ֣Ҫˮģˮܾˡ
һ𣬺αһβʹ졣
ˮг֣ȻݺѸٵķɳ˵ߡ
ݺӵѩ״ŷУֻ޴ݵıֱһƬƽһ
ˮ뵽ԼҪؼˣһ󼤶ż˵ʱһϮͷȥݺ΢Цվ
˵˵
ݺЦſˮ
Ҫݽء
ˮӡ
һĨӾͲǳڱģ㻹ǸĲϰߡ
ݺͻȻһ¸оˮ֮У·ҵǰָо
ˮһЦЦ˵ġ
ݽ㣬˵ĻʲôĶ𣿡
ˮ˵
ʵһֱͲƽǿΪǿɡһڶռԴžԵɱȨҲһңҲǿԶǿÿ춼ɱҲ
ݺҡҡͷ˵
Ϊʲôڲú󽫻һδĶһЩǿ߲롣
ˮüͷ𣬱ϾǴţ޵оѳ
űϾǴţڱʥһԶַֻ֣ǱӡԤ󽫻ӡǿҲʱƼȥ
ݺ˵
Զַ
ˮһ˵ܶ˶֪˵Ƕ˵ѾǺˣ˵Զֱַǲ׺һ
еѹǿ˵еԶַи֣ɺôͬҲǾ޴ޱȣʱŻ;ĵرޡֻҪе߳Ҳܸıһˡ


ʮһ ޷ƣʥݡ


936 ʹþУɽˮ
ԣϴѾǧûгԶַˣÿһԶַֺ󶼻һЩǼʮ½һЩµĴɡҡ
ݺ̧ͷԶ˵ĺܿ죬Ҳǳ˵
Ȼݺ˵Ĳ࣬ҪϢҲˣοˮԶַҲ˽⣬ÿһԶַĳֶ䲻ǿߣͬҲµǿߡ
ƾǷɶ˻֪ΣֵǻǰԽҲԽֻʸȥģܸϵĶǰȥ
ȻʲôҲ⣬е˺ܰ״ܶ˶֪һӣȥʮ˶ǵѡȴ֮١
ԶַķӡǿʱҲ˭ܽȥģʲôʵܽȥһû֮ǰ˭Ҳ˵׼
οڱʥݵԶַҪпܽȥû뵽ݺѾõϢϢ֪Ĳ̫ࡣ
ڶʤȻܶ˶֪һЩ֮䶯֪ԶַԶַıؼ֣ϧ֪λõ˺٣֪λõʱѾûмܸϵˡµʸҲûУܽԶַĶһЩǿߣԺһЩ֮ı䶯
ݽ㵽ʱ᲻ȥ
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ʵˮоԼһȥʱ䣬֪ԼûдһҶǰʥݵʨ룬Ļ顣
оʵӦùˣʱȴһҶԸԼȥԶַϾ֣ԼҲûаٷְٰճܴġ
Ҳ֪أȥʱ˵ɣ֪һȥڸи׼
ݺ̾˵
Ҳ˵ˣأʱ˵׼ʲôأһ׼ġ
ˮԶַҲһ
ȻգôȴǾ޴ɾһȺޣˮоԼӦһԱֶΡ

һʱ䵹Ҳ˲·ڻٶȱʱ˲٣ϧˮľ޷ãˮơ
ɫڣˮؼУ˷ѵУôҪöʱ䣬ˮ޷ܵģΣݺ˵ȴԿ˿ڡ
һҰǰŴŵ꣬׼ԵϢһڶ·
ЩԵĶˮ˵Ǻܼ򵥵ģҲܿ졣
ҺûڰǵʱĳԵġ
ݺӿˮŶ˵
ˮһȻ󲻶ɫţϵЦҲûб䣬ϤζʱݺϵЦݺ㡣
ȵа㣬ݺӾͲˣˮԣоںܺãһ˵ĺã֪Ϊʲôһֱԥ³ֽԸ֪˸Ǻѡ
ܿ˳극ˮΧɫŸոպ˼죬Ȼ¶Ҫ˵ֻȻоѡ
һ·ϾеĻٶȾͿ˺ܶ࣬˵˿ſݺӡ
ҿǲлҪ˵Ѿüȴû˵ʲôʱôнˣ˵ֻҪݽģҶ㡣
ݺӿˮɫ֪ſڡ
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ﵽеľݺӽıˮ֪һУˮԼе㿪ġ
վڸ߿գ·ǶʤݵһǣʲôҲ֪ĵƻڸߴΧֻһǹ¹⣬ĵƻղ
ˮݺӱԼܽҲʹþʱ䣬ٴαסȻһС
һ滹һǣֻһǱˣΧȴһƬڰݺӱ۾ƺУˮûд
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ݺ̧ͷȴǱˮĲû֣ԸܵؿǿҵѹȸС
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ݺӿˮЦ
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ҲŻƳϣĴϣҲǸҹУΧϢֹЦϵĴ
ˮݺӵĳ֣Ǻܶ˻ע⣬رݺӣܶ˶ǲϵ͵ǿһ£Ϊ֪Ů˲һ˿ӵеġ
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ô˵ˮҲûʲôݺһϹ䣬ֺܿܳҪСԡ桢װʲôĶС
껹ûйȥζǺصġ
Ⱥб߱߿ȺУΧ֮ûˣ뿿˶Զıų⵽ߡ
ʱ仺ʧֵǰһʮ·ڣܴһʮ·ڣֵĽ洦ֺܿȴǽ޳
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ݺӲͬȻڰСǣСеĴ壬Բͨھ͸ͬˣҲǻҲǺ棬ǣ硣
һɧˮɻĿΧȻΧˣʮˣͷͺӣֵ׳꣬࣬ò񣬼ʹ˫̥ҲӦֵܣʱ۷Ŀݺӣ޲һȥ
ˮݺӣֶԷ΢ЦſԼ˼·˵۸ң㿴Ű졭
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ʲôҲ֣͹Ů̫ƯֵܶϾˣֵǳҲҪӡ
ӦǸ˼ŮΪʲôʺĵط
һ͵ҡҡͷ̾˵뿪

ˮΧ֣ЩǿĳУоҲǿ٣ٿĴ󺺡
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937 ɱȻĲɽ
ˮûʲôоɱˣΧηЩ˵ӣˮǾ֣ʱһƬ徻ҲԼݺµһЩӡǰɡ
Щˣ뿪ܿͻµĶԶֻҪһʱ䣬ǣľٶ֪ˣظ֣ظ֡
Сӣİɣ
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ˮŶһȺˣ뿴Щ˵֪ûһ㡣
ǹɽǣǰŴŵ꣬Ҳ˵³ǣλĴŲ񱾵ˣ治֪ʲô˵ﻹˡ
󺺺ˬЦ
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ȻģǷʲôҪһ˾Իᾪʧ룬ڶԷȴûκεĻţڿСһĿԼ
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мĽ𵤣߳СӣһָͷǴСһƶСڻת⣬ͻ֮ƺһֺг˶һޱȡ
Ψһתǻ֮ˮ֪֮ʲô仯ģǿԷȫʵӾͺһУ޷ܡ
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Ȼܸо䣬ǿֺкͳȽȻͬһͨڿд粽УֻĿιǿ΢棬ǲ
ڸ߿ռٷеĺ;޴޷Ӱǣ˿ɵĽ̸վؼ䣬Χ΢紵ûκӰ졣
ͻۺܴﵽ־磬羳磬ǰȻ̸ΧĿȴǺǿңԸܵǿҡ
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еһȴǷ·Ϭ˫ۣһƬͣһɳ죬û˿סǰĽŲ
Щˮÿ춼ǰ·סޣҰÿ춼ᱧݺʹξС
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˴ûгʲôǰһĸоɽ壬Ǻġ
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ˮĻһļӿٶȣζˣΧ˶סˣϾˮǿʱһμֶеĳǾ޴ġ
ˮҪЧǵܱǿ󣬽ҲеɾͣǿǾһִʵͳ￴ģ˾Ĳɡ
֪Ѿˣˮָǣɽˮϲģӡ֪㣬ʱǸȱ㣬ʱǸŵ㣬¶ԡ
ˮͳžȣһּ㣬һϣǵĿˣԼһûаԼһĿ꣬ǴﵽԼڵĸ߶ȡ
һʱ䲻Ҳ̣ڵĳɾͣһӦö¹ģǶǴС⣬ƺãɽ壬һЩҰ޵вԶǴСлδ壬һʱǶиСġʡԾ
Ȼֻһ磬Ǻܶ˶ѧܶණֻѾ㹻ˡ
ˣ˶ˮԷˮЦлЩȥ֪Ҳһμˮˡ
ˮݺӶһʯݣ÷࣬ˮ͸ݺһྻƤ̺ӣ̺Ӻ̵Ķܺޱȣ۷޵ƤˮƳɣոµġ
ݺҲ׼ģˮóģ㿪ĵĽӹˮϸĻرĻϲʯݵĴʯȻϵƤʲôĶµģһҰƤëϢܲϰߡ
ǵ͵Ұ޲ȥζ߼ޣʵϵƤëǽྻޱһµζմϵƤëǽྻҶ΢ĶůĹЧ


941 Է̣С
߼޵Ƥëһ㶼رĺ񣬵ȻҲǿ޵ģƤĺƤرʵϵĺƤõ֮һȴǲ
ݺѩ׵Ƥ̺Ӻ̵ģЦſˮ˿˿ģݺӵһͻԼˡ
ȥ֮ţˮô鷳ֻҪϢֱӽɾԼϢĴͿԣοˮɾҪʱˣϢһ㻹ɾ
ɾˮȻо󷨣
ˮſʼоС
֪СʲôЧˣɷҲһֻ֣һͳ˵ɷ޵ĵߵ֮
СԷסôˮǺоסͳһʱϵɷǿġ
㼸ʵǿˣҲһЩʱҲǾԼɷˣϾĶ
ǾɷɷԽǿʵԽǿˮЩȻС󡰿ȥסɢɷ
ֻʵˮоӦûһ㣬һɾ¶һʱ䣬Ķɹ
оСͬǽѹǻһţΪû˿ȫӡû뿪ǺҲȫӡֱɱˣûȫӡ󷨣ڻ֪֪Լȫӡ
ȻʼС󣬻ãһھ֣Ȼûгɹ֪һʱܰڳС
ˮͻȥһʱҲһĹȥֱһ󷨹ס󣬲֪󷨰ڳɹˡ
Űȥڣ𣬾һֱ˲ʱ䣬ˮͣȻ۾аڵгֵĶһĳ֣ÿһϸڶô
ˮû󷨣ȻٽŰСظǰģֱ֮ǰܶࡣ
һֱ£ˮоСѾһˣϾССǺֵһ󷨡
ôʱҪоиһĹ죬ΪҪʹãһʼһĽ졣
ȶɡ塱Ȼˮʼ̣󷨣ˮھݴ½Узϻϵ̷ֻѾܾúг֣ʹҲϲ̨ġ
ˮڳԣҲֻڳԣһǽС׵󷨵ȥһγԺͻƣҲϹŶ֮ͻƵ֮ŸҳԵģ󷨡
ͳɷˮҲھͳϵ󷨣
߼У
ˮԴӿʼ󣬾һֱתŸ߼УвֻӶɵʵҿԴﵽӾ˼ά״̬ѧϰҪƽʱ״̬߳һء
ʧܣ
ʧܣ

ˮһδεʧܣȴûһ㲨Ϊϵģ֣һĵ̣⻹һߵһѧ
ʶ֮ʱʶ֮йڵ󷨵ķҲֻзַȣĻҪһ飬ôܰСĵȥ
󷨵ĵǾһʼ̻ͦ˳ֻ֣ǵ̵һʱҪ棬ȴͻȻֱʧܣͻȻ˵ĸо
һֱʧܣǶôǶôС󷨶Ҫ󷨲壬岻󣬵Ҳ̫С̫Сˣˮڵ̲ɣ˵һʼ΢һĶϵ̣̫СĶҪ߳ĵ̼;
СԱȽϼ򵥣ƴġ塱Ժĵ̣ˮѾ֪ǵڶٴʧˡ
תʱһҪλãΪҪľ
ţӣ
ͻȻˮԼһֱţˣһε̣һε沢ûмŵӵ㣬ѡ̷棬ӱǰ̡
ʧܣ
ʧܣ

һʧˮǲǲٵķ棬ѵıҪ
ˮĬƬ̣żҲΪӺǰ̣ѶȴɣԣǺܼ㣬Ϣһٴγȥ
ŻʧܣһһεʧܣˮѾľˣ⻹ʣ²壬Ϊ˵ˮ˺ܶ򵥵壬ֻģһĽ
һε̣ˮϰߵʧܣҪֶµʱ򣬲ûгַϵһϲޱȣɹˣȻȫ̳ɹ˵ԼķС
¿ͷѣչȴһǰţɽ·ȻߵߣǰֱӾһֱͨɽ崣ǰվɽǰĻǸͨˡ
һĵֱ̣̳һʱʧˣѾˮ˷ˣеĻġ塱ЩϢһ
Ȼ˼
ˮٴζ˲ٵ壬Ȼٴοʼ̣ǰĳɹһα֣ȻһǰǻĽܿģɹҲһĿ
ʧܣ
һֱ漴ɵʱٴʧܣһʧܺһξȻ漣ĳɹˣˮһ£ΪؿںͻƵģǰ˺óʱ䡣
һ̺ˣʣµľӣӾۣλúҪûмȥӡۡٴ塱̣ǵ棬ԼֻҪʲôɹһκ󣬽Ļ϶ǳɹ
ӵи߼֮к󣬻ϳɹǲڳʧˣܿ͵ʮ飬̺õ֣ʣһӡ
ֻҪӳɹˣɣˮܼΪС󷨳ɹʹԼԺΪϵ󷨡
С
ƽ״̬»ָӱٶȼӿ죬սлԵõһ㲹䡭
ˮʦǰ;ͦġ
ƽеԼﵽ״̬徲ʱȴһ飬ˮ뵽¡
뵽Ǹˣ뵽ۣǷ·𿴵оԼڱգ΢΢ı۾ΧһȴӡԺ
ȻٴοȴǺƽͻȻķ˫ۣ˲ˮˣһ˫֪ݵ˫ۡ
ԡвɣ΢Цбࡢд塢бˡɱ
ͻȻˮо·ʲô壬ǲֻҲȫǾͻȻˮ˫һ˿Ľ֡
ۣ
Ȼʱ۴ﵽСɣȻֻСɣ֪۾ϬԿһУԿһУֱ꣬Ȼһ˵ʵڷпԼһ棬ҲáʹҲãӶ˻ꡭ
ˮЦˣĲɹɹûɹƫƫɹˡ
ɹˮܵܶණһ˲䴫ݵĶˮ򵽺ܶ࣬飬һǰණҲˡ


942 ɣ̷֮
ˮķСȴرĳϣ־սʱܳȴֱڲŴﵽСɣǰѷɹ
ˮ˺ܶ飬ľǿ󣬷۵ĲЧ˻꣬˵ֱöԷˡ
ԷľǿĻڷ۵öԷ衢ֱӳΪɵӣǿҲܵһЩӰ죬Ͼܴﵽǿ˶ǳԹͷˣڷ»Ӱʹ뵽ĸо԰Ρ
֮⣬ǷҲֱӹԷЧ壬һ˿ˡ˺Էľ
ǿߣǵľҲررҪҲߣʤɱҲֻһ֮䡣
һʩΪˮͣǰСɣǾҲһЩ仯ʵˣûʲô仯
ġ塱ˮʼһĳԣӣ̵СһɹˣҲǴԼһµķԺҲ̷չһ
㾫ˮһ塣
еĽ𾫵̵ˮģʶ֮ģҪʱԵϬĹеС
һˮеĵ̵ȵм䣬ֻҪһǻ㾦һ
ͣ
һ΢ˮѾ״һ˿̵壬֪ʧˣ۾һʧˡ
ûκγɵˮٴһ飬һٴξĳһᣬٴγʧܣֻֻˮԼ֪вġ
ʱյ̵ǳǵˣȻʧܣһʮ屨ϣʮǵ̺·˲䱨ϡ
ˮĬˣСɺԼ֮̾ǰֱз츲صı仯мٴε壬ǵ̳С
ʹʧܣһֵֻˮоԸóɹȭ˫ϻľ磬ڸ߼кͷۺˮϱһЩ̴ʦӳɫһʮʧܣǷԡ

ˮһһ߿е˼汻Լ̻·˿һѶԼԷ·ǻŵһ㡣
ţţ
ˮƺץסʲôȴǸоץһһָооץסȴֲŹ˼ץС
ţ
ˮ
ͻȻˮʶԸܵЩ·гһŵޣֻܵˮͻȻˡ
Ǹ󷨣ҪôֻޡŻᶯ
Ҫ·е
ˮ
ˮ忴˺ܳʱ䣬Ȼ̵̵΢쵽·ȻʼתһߣˮЦˣܵ·еŵ̵ˡ
Ȼһֱ꣬ͻȻû˿ͣٵĹϳмλóһѾϤˣֱӴ棬ϧһʧˣ
ǰΪȥһͿˣһ֮Ѿʧˡ
ܿģٴóһ壬ȻʼѾ̶ڰգٴοʼظǰĹ̡
һγתһ˲ɣ˵Ȼ屳ű·ߣоߵ׾ܳɹ
һκ˳һֱףˮͣΪûгɹˣͣʧܵġ
ˮһû̾ѾϵΧתתȥһȦ֪ˣΪ涼ˣһҲǽβͿʼϿˣ֪Լ©һЩ
ѭת˶켣һ˵ѭǹ켣˵ҲǡĹ켣Ҷ޵ٵޣӺδٵδȥ䣬
һп򵥵⣬ȴǶŹ켣ˮһٴóһ壬һεµһεˮϱˣһǿźг
һת
Ĵ˱棬Ȼһ걳·һתֱһȥһѭ
˲䣬һĻɫΣܿȴɢȥȻǺͨȥûʲô·ʱȴ鶯֮
ɹˣ
ˮе壬ܵ洫ֵĸоУϱƤϷ·һ㵭һ
ˣ
ԺԳԵЩˣҲΪһЩ¼һЩ̣ȻɹˣʲôԵ̣󷨺ܶ࣬ǴУԺҪµ㹦
һֱЩ塱ɣˮһЩڵʱҲˣɾʱҲҪˡ
Ϣһˮ壬¼ҶЩҪһ㣬ЧҲûʲô𣬶
ȻʼСɢŨȵɵ˲䣬ĹαǰЩҪ貺ܶࡣ
ˮֻ΢΢һ£⣬Ȼ½һ
ɹ
Ÿ㶨壬û뵽Լǰϵ̷֮·ӦǺܴĺ°ɡ
ʱˣ಻ʱͻǿưԼͳȥֱϴһͳɾ
ʱɫڣû취Ƕ죬ˡ
ˮ߳ȥݺӵķŻţͳȥˣϺ䣬дܳ˶ԶǸܵɽϢ
ˮò¾֪ǳͳˡ
ȥˣˮҲһοǿ츳Ŭǰ;
磡
ˮЦŴк
磡
ˮЦóݸǡ
ϿԲϵϢɢõġ
Ŷá
ĵ˵ܴٺˮ˵ˮãлл
ӹĵˮЦЦ
СӲó˵
ǼҲȭ
ˮ˵߿һξ룬Ȼʼ̫ȭͨȭ
ͳһԿš
һˮѾȭˣֻǿţѧܿ죬Ŷһ档
ˮҲעСһΣǿɷûεǿˮҲǰͷ׻Ҳǻοܿͻ᳤
ûһݺҲˣѾ뿪ȥ緹ˣˮͳһصʯݣˮЩҪһЩҩĲϣǳԼˣǶһΣǿǽġ
˼ңСᡢСҪ뿪ˣסʮ꣬ʮ·ȥȥңǡ
ˮЦ˵
֪ҪߣҲͲˣ·ҪСġ
˿ˮЦим
壬סɣ
￴ˮ˵
廹£˵Ժ󻹿ǡ
ˮЦЦ
壬ʮһȥġ
ҧҧ˵
Ҳᶨĵͷ


943 ˻Ǿ侫
ˮųڰ֣ݺһ̤Уһ߿̤ϻϣԼҡֵӰԽԽСֱʧ
һҹδݺƺܵˮٴηһ仯˵ʲô仯ƺվԼߵĸоһˡ
ݺӿԼˮŮ˵ֱ΢Цſݺӣһ̹Ȼǰƺʲôһ
ɽ˻֮أǶʤݺ֮Ļ֮أԺҪܳһʱһ·϶ȹˡ
У
У
һУǳأԻǻ֮أѾǽƬشĵˣʱɫ΢΢
ҲƬ֮صĵشʱΣգ߿ӵˣȴǽӵš
ˮķſˣٱǰҪſ˺ֱܶ࣬ݺӲǰǰ־ִ٣˵ΣŮ֮ģã롣
ݽ㣬ûǸ֡ˮЦűݺӡ
̸ϽţҲеСţȻһ·޼䣬ʵӵʲôҲû֪
ݺӽһ΢΢̧ͷˮĿˣûǰۣ˫䵫оô峺
ݺû˵ϵһ˿ЦʲôҲˣ˵ˮҲɵôƾ˺ףҿҵκģɵҺԼ֮䣬ٲ˵ȥˣݺӻô롣
Ҳԭ˵ûңݽԸһȥݺ̧ͷˮ
ûԵ޹ʵİʲôԭ򰮾ǰˮЦſݺӡ
˵˵ϲʲôݺĿˮ
ƯˮЦ
㣬ߵŮɫҼҡݺ
Ưϲɵִžʵ㣬һֱСˮݺ˵
ݺӿˮ峺˫ۣչһЦ͵ˮһ£ȻƿˮȥҶˣЩԵģݺӵ洫
ˮһ˲䴽ϵһһָоݺȥһûɽԶȴһƬľ֣ڶģʱĻһЩҰ޵Ϣ
ţˣ
ˮݺӣҲǿһǲԶĹ֡
磬߳ˣҰ֮Ů˶Ҳһ
طΣգ߾裬ҪŮˣһŮ˶Ƥϡһͳ𣬻
ЩǱﻵˣô죬ʱ粻ôŮˣѾһûŮˡ
ѵãҪ֮ǣǾԲܳ첻Ůˣ˻ǱƳġ

ΧһЦܿǾͣˣΪǿԶվŵˣҹ¹⻹ԿԽΧ
ݺü΢ˮãֻһϢ֮ǣôӦ֮ġ
ΪӣҲʮЩ˸ҹ֮أʵȻʱ򼸸˿ˮݺӣûоϲĿˡ
磬ĽҰؾȻ˼ˣҶҪƲסˣ˵¸ɱҹҽ첻ɱˣɱ̫ɨˡҲһСЦ
壬ҪçײС۴군Ŀ˳ֹ
磬ôǣ
ףǿĸǰ˷¥̤ǸСӡһֱû˵ͻȻ˵
ףǻ߷ƣ˵ǸСˣһοܣץסȥǴá
ҲҪݾߣСܵĹһĺܡһ󺺿ڳ
ˮ֪ӦǴŵģˮЩǿţӦǿЩϼһһǾļ
ˮ뵽ǱӴܣٿǰЩ˵ʵԼʵЩ˹ƻҪܡ
ЩԼǰƨǡ
磬˵ˣŮĽҵġ
ץס˵ͳ
ŮһҲһݡСĺҲ
壬ҰѼĶ㣬㲻Ҫ˵
Щӹ֬Ҳ˼óԼţ
֪ˮݺüͷҪ֣ȵ
Сҿôӣһʵ˭Ҳ֪ˮôӵģһǲˮܵġ
гǵĿܣȻʱھˡˮҲûȥͶԷ
һϣۡΪһˮȥ
ˮҡҡͷЩԼǰһѧСվһǿ׳Ĵǰһ಻һ㣬ǱԻˡ
ۣ
ˮ˫Ŀźһߣߡ
ž
һ죬һͻأһˤ˶̲סĵط
Ǹ˵ûȴɵɵվһ
ôˣ

ΧǺȴûκηӦΧͻȻо϶һ䡣
ˮҲû뵽ǰԵΪ֪ԷԼķ˵˶ԷĻǡ
˵˵ľΪǣһΪ꣬Ϊػ꣬Ϊꡣߣһ壬ۣΪΪ࣬ΪΪӢ
꣬һ̥⣬̫֮죬ˬ飬֮䣬Уľ֮ӣڵء
̥þʹˬꡣ
ľ˥ʹ˺ɫڻ֮˼𾫻ȱ٣㣬Ƣθͨ
֮ΪػΪΪ
һ걻ܵв
۾ֱ˻ǵġ
Ҳ֪ΪƻǾûдﵽֱӦǱˮ˶Էĵػꡣ
Ҳû뵽ôǿÿһʹ۶Ҫͣһʱ䣬ֻ˵ƺ⡣
񹥻ͻȻǸΪĺӾһ
ˮҲû뵽ԷȻϳҲΪǿ󰵰ľСɣʵƺûһֿ
뵽ԼĴ֮ǹԷĻǣֻǸ׼ȷ˵ϾǴ˵˵İ׵ǹԷľԷĴԼ蹬
˵ǰ˵ľΪǣɼ۹ĻǶԷľһ˵Ǿ˶Էһû˾ǿҲֻһɽҪ˰Ὺġ
һˮƺԾʶֶʶһ㣬֮ͷ۶Ǿ񹥻̫ȭͨȭȭһ
Ӧùĳ̲֮ͬӦǰԵһ㣬ˮĸоˮ־񹥻ҲǷȱҪϾͨ񹥻̫ˡ
һᵽ񹥻Щ˶ľս񹥻Σ˷ʤֻо㹻ǿ󣬲÷ҲܷסǾ۾Ҳûá
ˮЩ˵ĵеʱûдŹǣοЩ˻ǿţˮоӲܷŹˡ


944 ׷ܣִ
Щ˵ʵߵѾһˣߵﶼǽĴڣϧݴ½˿̫࣬Ҳ٣ȻǺǿһε߻ǲ٣ҲˮȦӺ֪ġ
һ̨ȻԽӴһε
ݺӺ˵֪ˮŹЩ˵ģһԲûд֣Щ˻治˵С
һһϣɱСӣǸŮ˾Ǵҵˡ
²ˣԸó񹥻˾ǲԸκλᣬȥֱɱΪǿ嶼ǲǿ
Ҳƺ⾫ֶΰɡ
ϧˮǸ⡣
ųˮȻһ̧͵Ĳȥ
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ˮʵﵽ˾ʮǣ̤Բﵽ˾ŰǣǰЩ˸޷ܣͻȻٲĹ´ʧɫʲôҲˣֱɢӿ
ͷȴܶ޴ըֱһΪҽըһ޴ӣǼ˵ϢѾʧ
ӿҲǾ˵ȫӿˣĽҰأˮֵĻȻܻˮǲ֣ûô
˾ɣͣľҪܣˮôܵһ̧öͨĺ֡
Ըʵ㹻ˣӰһź鴩Զ˲䣬ˮѾ׷һλĺӾǸΪˡ
ˮлֱӱɻޣȻֱӳȥ
Ҫɱҡ
ϧû˵ֱˮĻ³Ϊ꣬Щ˾ȡвԱУûк³ҹ·߶ܻġ
첻ɱҲ˵׼бɱǣֻЩҲ˵׼ܶȹһϾһСҲҪ㣬¶ˡ
̤
ˮٴһ̤ΧֱӻΪ棬ŲŻݺӣЩҲˣʲôҲûˡ
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ˮݺٴγŻǰȥǰѾеѾʹˡ

ˮݺĽ뵽֮ĵĵشҲΣյĵشˮôģľлûʹأֱӺݺ·
ѾʼϵȺޣˮĴ֮ϻѹҲ㲻һķȺҿ
Ҳ⣬һЩȺĴݣˮݺҲֻʱܣȥܶĵطܶ࣬ٲֱӳŻܣЩݵҲûа취
ɣ
ɡ
ͻȻˮһĴ̶ѻͻȻԶһȺĺڵ㡣
ˮüͷǽĴˣһЩڵٶȺܿ죬ܿˮɫ΢΢仯ݺҲһȺһЩȻ
׷ܣ
ⶫ󣬵Ҳ״С𣬾һֻȼյ󡣬ϧ̫ˡȴ˫ᣬһͨ𣬺Ѫͺӥһֳ׷ܸ£ΪڷлԾÿһԾǲס
Ⱥ嶢ϻϾˣǿлǵ϶ˣһֻҲûʲôⲻ
ĵشʵޱȣˮоУԲ̫ģݺҲû̫ĵġ
ɡ
׷ɢˮȥˮһªĶȻôţɱ㡣
óǾǿ˭Ļ
ˮţȻûѸٵķУٴûһż絤
ƽʱ·ϻÿ춼ҪķΧ̵һЩ絤Ը·㣬ǰǷʳĴܳļޡ
ҩʱģҲֹʹãʱǰ͸֧ҪָģˮɾԻǰһʳ絤ѡ
ܿˮƾСԴСĻ򣬽ѹʵźܼĳ׷Ⱥ
˫Ǳ
ˮֱӽŻȥ𻨣һ˲ֱڳ׷Ⱥըһ˲ĴݲкͺڶγһɹֱӽΧʮֻ׷ɣըĻǵҲǾ޴Ǿ޴ıըֱǻǵпµĴǿµĸ˲Ƿա
һЩùıԵĳ׷˲䱩УڵҲǱС
һֱӽըһ飡ҽܶ඼ǵȥ
ˮûٶȱһ٣Щ׷ܸպ׷٣òϣĻ޵ļǽʮףðգϾԷӴûҪðգȺ׷ܽʮףϾ߻ݺӡ
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ÿһδ֮ͷ۶ֱӻһֻЩ׷ʵ߼סˮĹϾˮľҲ൱ǿġ
Ųˮֱӱסݺʩչʧԭء
׷ҲһֲηޣֻҪǻģǿҲη壬ֱĿʳʧΪֹ
Щ޺ףԼҪӵҪһء
ﵽµطݺ΢Ц˵
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ݺƺرĿġ
֪㳣֣ҲˣҲܸʡ²ٵʱ䡣

ˮ㿴֮ǣڵˡ
ݺָԶһĳǳؿĵ˵
ʱƣûп֮ǣһƣԶ֣֮ر׳档
·˷ѵʱ仹治ϣһ·ѾҪˣʤݵһҪůһ㣬Ҳձ飬ȻҲкܶط⣬ݵĺǣһļǺĶ죬һϸͻ³ѩ
źǣˮ뵽˺䡣
ҸطţԵ㶫úϢһ¡
ˮﵽ֮Ц
ЩȻҰ⣬񣬶ˮǸݺ׼˴Եĺá˯ҲΪǿ󣬲оۣҲۡ
һ˵Ҹطס˷¥Լˣ֪ؽ˳һˣ
ݺӵݺֱóһ̻ĶȼˮȻеɻ󣬵Ҳ֪֪ͨ˰ɡ
˷¥ûؽȴǳΪһ棬ݣΪҲ˵ﲻ˲ѡֽԾȻҲںطϧǰ˷¥ÿ뻹Ƿǳɹ۵ġ
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ˮݺӻ˼ͣҾ¥ǰյİ˷¥һҲѷɫ̶ȸʤ
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ݺӵĻˮڨڨЦҲһĸоһ·ݺû˵ȫһСŮ˵Ŀǣƫƫһ߹ǿƵľɫŮˡ
¥װβ˷¥ǰݻȴǴȥĸоĸܵǽ϶һЩ̣ǱڻҲͳص޻ߣɫһҲޣо൱ؽࡢȻЩݻһֵš


945 ¥ݺ뿪
¥ſ쵽ڲĵ̺ɫģԹӵĽԵҲǺܴˮϲĸоȻݻĲǲϲ˵˲ϲݻĸо˷¥ַĵĹɣ߹Ʒλ
һȥܿӦ߹λ룡
лл
ˮһݺһӦ¥ȥ֮ģľ¥žԲѷɫ
ҪĻһ֣ˮ֪ǲǺ֮ûйϵʹûйϵҲӦһѷɫŵʵ
¥
¥һ£ڵλѾûˣˮӦɫ˶һݡ
֪¥˭𣿡
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֪ѵݽ㿪ġ
ˮЦҡҡͷ˵
ǣǷḻ¥һɵĹɷݡ
ݺЦſˮ
Ŷô˵û¶Ҳˡ
ˮĿݺӣʤݵ˿룬ݵ¥ֺöûǰŮԼ濴͸ˡ
Ҹ˵ˣ޶Ұٻȵľݵ㣬˳ҲһЩҵȻôάȥ
ݺӿˮ˼ӳ͵
û뵽ЩݽѾһˣӦҲǸˡ
ˮЦſݺӡ
ݺȴҡҡͷ֪ܿʵȻȴһελãҲųǿڣܿͻӴˣǲǰ
ݺЦ
ˮһ㶣ȻԼ߹·ҲˣʵҲˣƺûкһЩʵ֣հ޵Ķʵ̨ԼϺɽݵķڡħš֮ǣʤݵŵӴƺǶʤǿǿǵǿʵݳǺͿǰţҲԽݳǣݳǺܴʱΣˮûʱӴǸεʵ
㲻õģǸεģǲȥǣǲǵġ
ݺӿˮɫɵ˵
ˮһЦҪԼȥǣħţʥݵʨ룬ұȥЦŵͷ
ܿӦ˲ˣŸƣֱƢζǺΧĻͦģζŵζ
ˮݸݺӿӣȳԷȻ֮ǹ䣬ˣ¥ʣµľųɹɷ˭ġ
ԥһ»˳оݺڹϵϽˣѾԼȷ˹ϵĻҲԲ˵
֮ǣʣµľų֮ǵġݺӵûκԥ˵¥֮ǵĲҵ϶֪
ݽ֮ǵʶ𡣡ˮ߳Ա˵֮൱ĺ档
ҲʶҰٻȵһ֮ٳӣҺ׽һݺЦ˵
ŶˮȻȹϵǿ۵ﶼǺǿԼݺһˣȹϵ㲻㡭
˸ճ극¥ݿھͽʮŮӣһɫ磬¡Ⱥ᳤ݺӺˮæ˹ȥ
ˮ֪ܵݺӷ֧źйϵ¥ӦҲߡ

Ϊ׵Ůѹ
ݺӰڰ֣ûм¡
Ϲ̸ʥݡŮ˵
ݺü֪ˣ׼󣬰ʱ⼯ϡݺ˵
ŮһȥЩŮ˺ᣬʵ𼶱𣬶ҿЩ˲֮ƺĬˮһ
ϻ
Ǿóϻϻ󷨣ϻϺҲʵõӣϻܺȻô˵Ҳ󷨵ģЩǺϻԶϲϵġ
ˮ˼ҪˣҰҾȥ㡣ݺǸЦЦ
ҪҲˣ·Сģȥ⡣ˮЦ
뿪ûշѣֱӵڿնȥŻųȥݺӿϹŵ΢Цˮ֪еꡣ
ˮס֡
ݽ㣬ҾͲˣ·ҪСġˮݺ˵
סֵݺһůһϵģˮЦˣõģЩҲܹܶطԱûκġ
㶫˵ǵ濴Ҳкôˮݸݺһռ
ݺԥҪҪ֡
ôнˣ˶Ҫˣ㶫հˮЦŴȤ
ۣҲŲҪ㡣ݺЦŽӹռͻȻסˮһˮĴϣһϾҲ䡭
ˮЦڶα͵ˣôҲᣬϲֱӺסĴ˱ݺӰպ
ˮͷ̴ʱպǻ۵ĶһᣬݺһƿˮɬĿˮһۣˣˣҪأ
ˮӻ֣ٻӰԽԽԶŲ¶ʮţֻﻹʣһŮӣҲǿݺһȥ
һֱݺӰǸṲ̊װݺӵ˲ֻ࣬ƺҪһ㣬̴棬Ůʱ
๫ӣ޳ѩ
Ů˼ѩϸ壬һ˵ĸоܺÿüСɵı޳Է飬ɫǱݺҲһҲѷɫ
ˮҲܲ³Էݣãˮͺá
Ӷ˵˰ɣҵ׽һãǸ¶ʦǾ׵ˡ
޳ѩˮЦ
Ů˺ܴĴˣοݺ֮Ǿһµ֮꣬˵ݺӵĸ׽á
ѩ㣬ǾʹˡˮҲȥ֮ǿǰǸõĻᣬȻŹ
˵ʲôأԼˡ޳ѩЦſ˵
ѩ㣬㣬ҵ⡣ˮóһݸ
ҪҲǽøġ޳ѩˮЦ
ջһЩãѩӦõϣ˵˴Լ˾ͲҪˡˮЦܸܵŮ˲ӹ׿̱ŮˣοݺҲ˵˺׽á
ܱ֮ٳϵŮ˻ޣɼŮԸֹʶǺҪء
޳ѩӹлһһ˲ϱһȣǰʵûе£֪ⶫ治Ͼ򲻵
ݺ˵һܺúܺõѣһʶܶģˮͦģΪݺ÷Ƕ»µ֣Լˡ
һݺǺڶʤݻģԼ֪ˮ˭ˣΪ̤˷¥Ǹ˻ǰ
ǰֻое죬Ҳ벻ܿ϶ǰ˾ǿź֮ǵˡ
ˮܵܣ֮ʲôѴһҪͽ˵
޳ѩˮЦ
ˮ޳ѩɫ֪ʲôϾڴˮѾԼĻ񣬶µĲĻڿѾ֪Լص֮ǡ
ллѩ㣬Żκβҡ
ˮЦЦ
޳ѩҲһ̲סĿˮ˳޳ѩƺ֮Ƿȥ
޳ѩˮԼڻ濴͸ˣǰЦݺӳ۲ݣڲŷ۲ʵ׳


946 ֮ٳݺᣬϽ
ƺ֮ǵķȥƺ׵ٶȺܿ죬Ȼ֮Ǻܴһʱܵ
Ҳˮо֮ǵʵǿƺ׷һʱʱԲôԶ뿴¥ƺɺǿ󣬿һĿҲ֮ǡ
̫֮أˮҲǲ֪ˮӴ֪ûڵǼһǿߣ۳ӦС
Ҳǰ޳ѩΪʲôȰɣǰ˵Լмסŵʱ򣬺ԵĿ޳ѩϵľȡ
ҲˮҪɣķҲ˵Ѿһˡ
ݺǰٻȹΪǳǿİٻ֮壬˼ʲʣȻٻôҲֲ̳аٻȡ
ҲΪݺӣ޳ѩŸоˮͬһʱԽоǺڲͬرɢƣ߽Ϣ
ϳˣǶ⣬Ϊ֮ǵһЩϸִܵݡȻȻˮϡ
޳ѩʱĻῴˮһ뵽ݺӣоݺӺĺܰ䣬еΡ
Լ뷨ЦˣԼʲôʱˣҡҡͷԶȥ֮ǵӰҲԽԽ
֮ǵĺα͸ߣȥʱ֮еġ֮ǡݴе֮ǡ
ƺңңֱϣˮ£֮Ǹ߳ףƺϺ޳ѩһЩ޹ʹ⣬֮ǵ鵹ֲֻᡣ
ˮ㻹ҪСһ㣬ЩرΪ˴Ҫһͽ˵
޳ѩѾ쵽֮Ǻٴ˵
һˮĵͷܸܵ޳ѩ⣬Ȼһ˵ݺӵĹϵЦ˵õģʱ⣬ɲܵʶҡ
ˮЦ˵ĳƺѾѩ˽㡣
޳ѩˮĻĵЦˣѩСǹ¶ˮͻȻֺͶԵĸоϲϲܵһĸо
Ժ޳ѩ׵ܵܡ
޳ѩĵ˵ޱȵ档
㣡
ˮĵĽһ
ţӷ硣
޳ѩ˵ƺֱӷɽ֮ǣˮȫ֮ǵӣȷ˵һɽϣֻǾ޴ɽɳһСǳһ㡣
֮ǲܴ󣬵ԲСаͥԺ¥һӦȫҺȻҲǣЩɽϵĻѩڻ
ԲСˣӦö֮Ǵڣûˡ
ƺֱһƬԺΰĽȺȥ
֮һС͵ڳǣ˵һʵĳƺɽկһֻһĳƺϾǱ𡰰ǡˣڷԲǧİˡ
ƺһΰļׯ԰ſڣÿׯ԰ܴ󣬻оǸܵ˺ܶǿϢЩϢоɲ⡣
ƺףſڵһӿ޳ѩˣ
޳ѩͷˮׯ԰ȥһͥԺ̨ͤ¥ܶ࣬ˮƺ˲ֻ࣬һЩͲˡ
ˮ֪ٳǸ͵ٳ
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ף
С˹СкԴһ㣬һˣ޳ѩĵĶһֱһ
̣ЪɣСһ
޳ѩЦǸ˵
ЦЦͷһ뿪ˡ
Ǿ˾ˣ˾ˡ
޳ѩСһ￴ˮ˵
ˮһ㶣û뵽кӣѹûⷽ룬ԷɻˣԼкüӣʲô֡
СһܺÿСһﶼͷܳµС羫Ĵһһ˫ڱʯֱͦСӣԼһ޳ѩӰӡ
ףʲôǾ˾ˣ
СкŹֵĿ޳ѩ
ͱײס
޳ѩЦʵ
ףã˭۸Ҿʹ
лСһӻȭͷ
ҽ㣬Һͱһ
޳ѩСӺģʱҲǽ̵С
׺׻Ǻף
СһﾯĿˮ
СͷȻס
޳ѩҲЦˡ
Сӵ˼άҲͦ˼óһŵݸСһ˾˸㣬ܺóԵġ
ʵ˵ܷĽкֻƾɢѾСһҪˮˣ޳ѩȴǾĿˮеĹӡ
˾ˣ
Сһֱſ

޳ѩ˵
Ҳʶ
ˮЦЦһҶҲϳ޳ѩʶһҲ֡
Ǿݴ½Ĺ֮һޱȣһʮµķÿһеǱܣ츳ʵȶһɣ࣬൱󡣡
޳ѩȡ
ʵҲԳԣֻûСӳµĺô󣬻ûݳ޵ô˷á
ѩпˡ
ʱһʵ
ʵˮܵ˶ԷϢͷһӣһֳȵϢģܿ۽΢΢̷·һ˿Ц⣬ǷΪӲʣʱ΢Ц߹ȻЦǸһǿҵѹȺ


Сһﶼһųһȥ
һһɫѸٻĿһ˫ŮȻѾȥһ
ݺᣬˣҸһ£Ҹϵĵܵܣˮ
޳ѩЦ˵
ãҽݺᣬ찡
΢Цˮ֡
ãҽˮһֱҡ
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˵ųû⣬ԷôѺѾ˵޳ѩеҪˣֺͶԷס
Ȼѩ˵ֵܣǾԼˣÿ룬ȸʹ졣
ݺץסˮֿȵ˵
Ѿȥˡ
޳ѩοѾˮĲǰֻûж룬˵ű֮ǻҪϺܶ࣬һϡ
м޳ѩݺһɫЦݺᣬҵ׵ܵܣõľó
ѩֵܾҵֵܣлл
˿ԵСһϵ˵
ÿҲкӣҲϲⶫǳʡ
ˮЦЦ
ǰ޳ѩˮкӵĺҲһ𣬵Ǻͼһ߽˿ϵĲǸհϵģǰ޳ѩԸˣͦġ
ˮֵҺܺ棬Ҽѩôʶġ
һºݺῴˮ΢Ц˵
֣ʶѩ㻹ʱҺѩĽǺѡ
ˮЦ˵ɲʲôᣬҲ֪ԭǲ˺ܾá
ˮҲû뵽ݺǿƵҲʱ򣬿ԽںԽûаȫС
ʵݺῴ˲򵥲е뷨ģϾһǿ󳤵Ĳ˶Ů˻źǿģ޳ѩ˻Ǻ˽ģԽϲԽ˽ġ
֣Уѩҵ׽㡣
ˮڶݺҲֻһŮˣһ
ӶˮǺܺúܺõѡ
޳ѩǺЦ
޳ѩĻݺҲһĿһˮ
㣬ҺͽͶԵһ㣬ҺܿģҾ㡣
ˮһ
޳ѩǶһҲһӽԺǾǽܣܸˡ


947 ʽħ֮˼
μֻˣһСӣ޳ѩʵҲǲ۷壬ʮµʵݺѾʵսˮоԺǿ
һˣˮȾƣ
ݺȵĺˮȾƣܳΪ֮ǵٳȻʶϾ͸һо޳ѩ޳ѩЩ̫ˣԺգٻϵȦҲǺĴڣοΪݺ⣬ܳΪٳҲкܶ޳ѩĹ͡
ٳԺĽӰˣÿһٳλòһ´䣬ּ
ѡֻҪʵǿ󣬶һҪһȦҲǶĵˣһɾʹµǲȱˣ˵ҴڶֻǱϵģ˭ԼˣĳҲȥϲ飬ҵʱǸҪΪҲϣڶǳţһ֮ŤתǬ
ˮΪʲôҪͨ㣬˵һ¡
ݺῴˮЦڲҲԼˣ汻ͨܵĽһ¡
ڰ˷¥Էŵ˵ʺܣҲû취̤ǵľ¥ˡ
ˮɵ˵
дЩ֮ԽԽˣʾүӣ½
ݺ˵
ش磬ԼûµģԼˡ
ˮǷ˵飬Ȼ޳ѩ㣬ҲǷծοоŲһ
ݺ΢΢ü˼Ƭˮ˵Ż£ֻϻħŵħŵķ֧
ݺĻˮһ㶣ôҲû뵽ǣħţȻ֪ħžǿ󣬵֪ħžԺǿڿݺᵽħŶһӣ֪ħžԺǿ
ˮĬ˼ôȻ˵ԼɿܣԼ˿ˣÿʧء
ħţˮҪȥģڣˮԥڶ˿ţٽš
Сܣ֮û˸Ҷ㣬ʱ붯ģţħҲл˵
޳ѩ˵
ˮһ޳ѩĻϵĿЦллˣ²һ඼ˣ˵Ҳûܵ˺ծȼţܲˡ
ˮҴ棬ҰܰѿųħҲ֮ǣǵ㣬ǲôԶǣ㡣
ݺῴˮ˼˵
⣬شܸܲ˵˵ħţͦɡ
ˮЦ˵ܽţҲоͦģźħйϵ̫ˡ
ҪħԼҲҪȥΪƺħйϵ
֪ħжǿԼʲôʵȥбʥݵʨ룬Լеİͻ¡
չ嫵ˮҲ֪ˣļͬǱʨģּҵڱʥǸңǷŵһ֧
ħǸͳĸɵһصɴĺǿǲͬڴٶȿ죬ƺǿɱ˶һһв漴ߣȻѰһᣬαװ䣬ɱ˲ֶΣʧ֡
ݺỺ˵
֮̿
ˮݺĻ˵Ǵ̿͵ֶΣΪħҲʣĻˮˣ̿Ͷڱ˵ħһĴڣԼǰ̿Ͳһ
ΪߵǴ֮̿·óٶȣʵԲǿٶȴóģǵĹã򵥵ĺϻ󷨣ЩôͷۣЩˮ
ˮ㶯ţƺеֻҪȷŶԷʵܲܶħھͶ֡
Щֶζڱ˵ֲܿħŵսɱʮӣԼǰϾСƣԼɱᣬΪԼǰֶηԼᡣ
Ϊһţǻ᲻ʵǿߴʲôʵش𣿡
ˮԼиףϾʵ̫Ļ治ʰ
ʵ˭ҲǵǿҲ弶ԲΪƺûͻ弶硣
ݺ˵
⵫Ҳľ弶֮ǰÿǧǣ弶ԲǧǵʵǾǽۣֻ֪Щǲ״̬
ش磬ʵּ㲻ĸӣ弶ʵ㲻ʲôģ
ˮɻʵ
ֻҪкʵܼԦˣ㣬۾Ҳһ԰ʵǸʵ㣬㣬ֻҪܴϵĶ㣬޵֮һ¼׶ûˡ
ݺЦ˵
Ǿ˵ħŲг弶Բʵߣָľʲôˡ
ˮЦ˵
Ȼֻƾܴﵽ弶ԲʵĻԺɨˡ
ݺǺЦ
仰ˮҲˣԼ񣬿һʵԷӵǧǣͶʵһ롭
֮԰ѶԷǧǣոͻ۽𾦲֪ܴܲЧƲܴЧ
ԼľŹ󷨣Ա
ݴ½ǿʵ赲弶Բ磬˵ҪͻֻеĸݣҪһЩĶ
ݺˮ˵
һܵϢˮѾûǰôľˣΪݴ½Ƕһ飬û뵽
־ݴ½ܵѾǰˡ
Ͼھݴ½˺٣һһһǶ߳һ˾ͺˣϾ̫ˣз޵Ҳ뿪ˣͷģڿб½ظΣա
˵ǵϿգǲǣҲ
ݺЦЦƺԼҲš
˵оأվһ㣬ش˵ǲġ
ˮҲЦ˵
ټ٣ھ֪ޣʱȥˣʵȻͻḡˮ棬ˮֵܣȾơ
磬˵ˡ
洫һŲһ
˵ѾſڣûнݺῴˮЩԼֵܣţȥ
һȥˣˮſſȥ
壡壡Сһﻶ˹ȥ棬ˮЦˣ˵ֵ֮ĸܺãСС
ݣǵ֪ͦġ
ݺΪ׵һӢЦ
磬ǽ𣿡
ɩӵĵܵܣˮ
ݺһ˽һЦ
ˮҵֵܣݡݡƺᡭ
˸ˣݺǾŸݺǳӣ巿檣ŸӣûŮ
ɩӵֵܰǾǵֵܡ
һ˶ǿˮƺ뿴ʲô
ţ찡ȷûм㡣
һɻ˵
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ΪͬĸĹϵ϶࣬Ҳꡣ


948 йԽϣ
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ȾƳԷȻˣղǶôķŵÿãݺỹǸݵ˶ĳƺܻѳ֡
յҲպϣˮڴ٣ϾԷʣֻһЩ޹ʹ⣬Ҳ˵һЩݵӵ飬ҲˮͦȤ
ݷֳһǿߣ֪𣿡
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磬ҪˣڱΪǿɣ˵ǿɲ⣬һһжߣ
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ߵܣţ˵ûָ֣֣ҶСִʦʦǷڵĽɮ
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С֣
Сֱһִдߣ˵ȥѧˣ˵СִʦоǸСֱ֣Һǿҡ
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ˮҲɻĿݺᣬǰ΢ദ΢ݣ̲סͨȥȻֻɫĳӡ
йԽϣ
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ݺҧһˮϴһ԰׵ûһѪɫһ˿ѪһҧĿֱ֨֨졣
ˮŴһʼһߺûзһˮʹᣬһӸоݺٳԭġ
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ϴȡԼڵĳӵķãֳҪҲǾݴ½һ漰;ҽʦ޲ߡ
ҩֳûã˲һЩĵҲ˲ˮá¶桱нȵġҩҩ԰Ѷڿɼ֮ǿĴҲûǰ취ȡɼ¶˲ûҩǲ
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㣬Ҫ˴ţ
ˮߵ޳ѩ˵
İɣŵġ
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ˮûмų룬֮ˮһһֱ˾ŸˮڽһֻŸ뻺תһ˿Ƿ
ˮеĽԽԽ٣ݺǰ
ˮʼһĽȦСͼһԲȦмͼǱͼ
ˮϵѾһϸܵĺ飬Աߵ޳ѩҲǽĿţһҲҶҲҳݺʧȥ֪ĻԹȥ
룡
ˮΧϵȻԲȥͻᷢڵһǾŹһ֡

ˮҪסֻ棡


949 иѪأйԽϣø
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Ҳˮ뵽İ취ǰʹ취ʵиİ취ʹã˵ݺᡣ
ۣ
ϧʹã
ˮʹô֮ǿйԽϱȥȵķֶԷȻûзӦ
ͻȻһ룬йԽϱԼڵֻҪ߼ֻȻԺӾˮþ˿ɱֻģֻܳΪӰˡ

ˮĽ׼ȷſйԽȥˮһǼӲޱϸţëĽֱӱ˳
йԽжӲ
գȽջӲЧһ壬󺣣ҩɾȣҩԼܳǿƶǱƳйԽҲûãѸΧκڣСʯС
һ糤ӤָͷϸĿйԽؼԵ綾Ĵڣ˵ǿ߻ѪιĿйԽϣ޿ɹơ
һû˸Ǿһֻ߻һֻǣ˵׼ʲôʱ򱻷ҧһڣǾġ

ˮֱӷ룬סйԽϣ˫ЩͼĽϵȥתĽ·Ȧתһ
ĽȦĹԽԽǱмĽһһģ·һͼ
ˮͷϵĺˮԽԽ࣬˲ϲ߶ȾУıƵ˫ϣѹסڵֻȦĿйԽϡ

ˮͻȻֿҵĩ˵һϵȥϸţëĽٶƵ޷ݣǽ룬Ȼ޷
һֻһۿɼĹһŽѸǰȥݺƤ·һ䶯Сһ㣬Ľ֡
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ˮ֪˭Ҳҽӣⶫҩݺǳеʹ࣬ÿ춼ʳ͹ͷʹζܹˣ᲻޳ѩ˶ϡ


950 뿪ӥޣ׷ٶ
ˮָмǲ˵ǰ˵ĵɽģֶǳģ޳ѩкˮһ仰Ҳ˵ȴЦᡣ
ȻݺϵʹȻҲϵģֻʹʵ޳ѩеĿ˵ҲԭݺһҪֵܼȥΪֹʹҲҪš
ˮһȴǷǷݺ֮ǵٳ֮ǵʵԱ¼ҺЩҪǿ
ˮûв´Ļ֮Ҳ弶ĴڣħһҲѷɫ֧ܶ࣬Ҵɵ˶ԽУһ˶ֿܡ
Ͼ֮ؼǿģǾԵĴڣû˻ǣû˻Ǿ
Ҳͽ֮ǣݵشһľǿҲԣԽǿԽ֪ˣϲ֪ˣǸɶԵľ档
һǰټҲУԱһЩ΢һʵԿЩɣҲ൱ҲܱԼ档
ݺ֪ˮһˣҪ֪ڲҽʦҩʦмĳǿ߶޲ߵġ桱ˮȴƣ˵ΪҽѾһЩԴˡ
޳ѩԼŮ˻ԼĹˣȻˮԼ޳ѩƸκν
ܵܣˣ˵ʲôҲܽߡ
޳ѩڸоˮ֮ƺ˵飬һһ
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ˮ˵˵ںͺӶʲôϵѾͷ˭ˣƺܺá
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ݺᰵļסԼŮ˾ǰٻȵģˮҲܻһٻȵŮˣһǰٻȹ֪Ժô¥ʵ޳ѩĲҵ

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أʲô¼ǵһҪϢ
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ˮ޳ѩݺԶȥڿȥǣҲһʱֱӻȥ
ǰǿŷŹԼʶĻͲҪȻԿĻԼ
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ҲˮȫķйԽ϶ԼΪӰ죬ҲȥΪⶫľѪ޵ģرǳ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôԼиҲ츮ͻȻ˾Ѫأڿ˵úйԽйϵݺʱѾڷǳƣ״̬ɺϣǳӵӰ죬ʹ䡣
һѾҪȨɺϺˡ
һȫˣµǽᵤһкȻɽͻ֮
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ֻѾ֪ʲôˣںϲѪأʵʮǣѪǡǿ
һβﵽݺᣬԼõ˾޴ĺôĹϵڣ˵ԺкϾԼκݺ֮ǵĸ߲˾Ի֪ЩϼһǲᷴԺԼģϵԽ
ħžﲻ컹ǽߣˮ벻ףֻ֪ԼֻܣȻǳЩڵĶߡ
Щһ㲻ǹϵĴǲֵġ
ˮҲ̫ģԼӣпйԽϣٹһЩӻԼһµɱﵡ
û˿赲Լǰ·
ٶȺܿ죬ˮҲʹþУʣԼˣˮһֱ·һһʱ䣬ȻʹξУž͵ڶ죬ˮɾȹʱˡ
˯Էɾڶֱ·
ֻǷɳȥûһʱˮ͸о˱˸١
ǲ֪
ˮҡҡͷҲ֪ǿŵˡ
ˮôˣû񱣳ֺٵǰУԼʲôҲûзһΧĴúɽ
һֱǰҪ֮ˣ֮һβĻ֮أǹˮ֪Ҫֻ
֮ﲻˮֱͣվڻϿź棬󷽡ҷҲУֻԽԽ
ˮƾٶѾȫ˦ԷֻˮûûȫУĿźܿ콫ԼΧˡ
ֻ޴ӥޣ޴ӥһ׺ף˫չףÿһֻ涼ߡ
֮ؼһû취һ·ֻҿֻһ³Ϊܡ
һϤˮС


951 սپӡǣɱ
ˮԴ
ϣŵĴϣͷȣһԼǰܵģһ֪ԷôסԼ
˵һûдܣˮˣߣǸŮûг֣Ƶβɣ
һǰˮֻܵķݣһƾܣȻܵûУʱԼûҵͨݣҲûͻƵۡ
һʱȷʵ˺ܴı仯츲ҲΪڿϣ뵱ԼǱӴܣһʱָоرãǱ仯ǽ
ˮԿϵʵǣʱԼȫ״̬ܶҪС
ŵĴʵˣžǱ¼ҲҪһأô˵Ҳĳ۴ڣô˵֮ǳؼҲϵɡ
ҲǳǿĴڣҲˮﵽ߶ȲܽӴˮڵʵҲʵǿ˲űΪſƾ
ҲΪԼʵܽͨɽʶ塢Լ˵ȵȣһоǻֻ׼ˣ׼˾ʵˣȻһ˾Ҳװ׵Ĵ˵лΪζ
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ҪǣˮϿѰƾˣ˳ƣһЩʱ䣬ŵʵһأ֮ǡħҲСš
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ˮǰʵһһ߳ɭɭâĻצֱӥ޾޴Դϣ

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ˮǳϣǰѾվܣڰϣͣƺһ㵭ĺ
۷ʵĿܣ
ߣʵʲôҲ㲻ϣܾͲһֻƾӲȣˮ֪۷߸ƻ˶Էˮܵһֶ
ǶܣһмܣǰǸҪǿ̫ˣиµĶԣֻܾһ۳Ҳ£ҲǴԺı
һˮЦаĶԼǰ³ˣˮȻ˫֡

ˮ˫ִһ˫ԴһĻצɢɫĹâһ޴Ŀϡ
ۣ
һְѶõ𣬽ŴϾĿɿڴĿԼġϣʧڿУ򵥵һ
ôҲ벻һʱȻﵽǿ󣬵ԼǰֻܵķݣԼܵķݶ
һеͷˮȥһܣֻһȻľģһ뵽ǰСӵһ̤ͺʵοԶֻǿѾ߱
ӡǣ
߰дһеĳͷˮһӣһɫĹˮȥ

ˮܵˣҲһֶصľ񹥻һֻ־ˮġ
ֿӡǾʧҲĿܵһ˺ʶһģ߻һھϵҪ似ǿܶ࣬ӡɱ˺ܶʵǿܶˣǰǰҲǱǿ󣬵ǱϵĿӡɱġ
ֻСˮľ
ˮоһɵ·ҪԼһҪԼסҲһ˲䣬ʶдһǿֱӳɢǰĸо
ԽԽĴϣˮһ죬͵ϣʱͷҲһܡ
һ
ˮеһʽѸٵɣƼ򵥵һʽȴһµĸо
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أ
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ħţˮԼֻܵҪԼܵǾͲҶ
ˮ˼ĿԶȻ뿪
ˮû£÷˰ɣ
ݺ޳ѩ˵
û뵽ôֲúӶҪ޸
޳ѩЦЦݺ뿪ͬʱˡ

ʱȴ緭һϺԿһ޴ʧŴϵ뷢Ѿŭڡ
֮Ҫû֮ؼҲǣҲܺǿ⣬ӦúܿؼһŵʵͻǶ֣˵ô죿



952 ˮħŵˣ
ҪǰϱħţǰǶԸǸСӣѹЩˡ
һźСĵ˵
˵ǻ𣿡
Ϊ׵߳һǸ˵
ᣬԻᣬħŵĸҲڴħŵҪ֪ʲôҲֻܶʵıȥͿԡ
ߺаյ˵
Ϊ׵ԥһµͷ¾죬һҪá
˵⻰һУӿԪˣǰҲʮҪԱĶڵҪˣرǼϣڿǰĴڡ
ɣ۳ڵҲж٣һֱӱһ֮ˡ
˲٣˵ϻĲ࣬һƬĬһɢˣڻµģΧ˾鷳ˣƽʱû

ˮ˼ȥƶˣϾ·оǺ䣬Ǿﲻ̫Զˮȥ
ˮ뵽ľˣһ֪ʲôоӿͷһ⣬ȻٻݣһλȥҲҪһʱ䣬ȻȥħŻʨ롣
֮ǰǲǾȥħţһ뵽֪Լ֪ȻҲżˮ˽Ը񣬹ƾ֪ԼҲԼһȥħŵġ
ǲڵԼ֪ȥǰˮҲͲ˵ʲôԷ˻ߺ˶飬Ҳʲô
ˮͷ۵Ƕľ˺͵㣬Լ͵۳ѾȷϵˮʵһֱЩų⣬˵ͬĸĽãҲǽá
ˮ֪ľǲ뿪ѾôЩˣ֪ǲǻЩ仯ˮɬҡҡͷ
ȻѾܴһգĺˣͲҪԼźҲҪź
ˮЩӾΪҲһЩ仯ֱ仯ǲԵģԼоֻǸоͨˡ
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ˮﶼ˰죬үдˮرȣˮߣȺӣԺүҲ֮
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ˮţǰ½Ʊ
µûУֻмϵܵ顣
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ħƺҪ㣬ɱ˿ŵĲˣħŵĸɱ˿ŵǴħŵһҪ㡣
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ˮϢҲǺܾȣҲе⣬ǺܵģƼԼ˭Ҳòô󷨣ˮκˣرǾŹڳɹʱϸÿ춼ھ
ϸ磬ħžԶԶ
ԶҲҲһ·̡
²֪ˮҪʲôǸ
ϸɲ԰Ҹæ
ˮԥһ˵
һͻƸħǰҲһѷɫؼˮʲôʲô飬οǰԥӡ
뵽ˮԼӣǸ֮ˣ¶ģϵ˵һƴҲỤϵȫ
ˮЦˣܿģǰôһᣬɲµģǹϵ⣬˵ˮҲǾȣǸϼ޻һʲô顣
ϸ磬ˣԼ鷳ϸ˸ħ͸ţ˵ݳǵġݾ¥ǣ죬첻Ҿ뿪ˡ
ˮЦ˵
ϵܣħźǿ
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ˮ֮Ϊ֪ħŲǸʵˣһε˵һ棬ǳԿܿʱŵıȴЬĻ
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ȥҹܼ򵥣ֻҪ֤ʵʾͿԣ˵Ÿ֤˺ܶ࣬ſվŵľȻ۷ߣǲʵһܱ֪ʱվǵʶܶࡣ
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ˮ֪ƸʵԲħţҲƸǿߣүƸʵ˲١
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ˮķ㣬ֱȥĴҵһȵλ£˵ݾ¥ֻʵţΪλа˳ɶˡ
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Եһӳ˵
ʲô˵˵ֲʲôܡ
ǰ磬磬˵ɱŴϵǸˡ
ǰħĴ湻ùģҪǸ˾;·ħѾǸˡ

ˮԼžƣһЩϢֻǲ죬Щ˶ˮ棬ˮһҲԿˮóʱûʲôٶͶջĿ⡣
תۼһȥˣ
һˮҲû뵽ԷȻô죬һʱԷȻˣĵˣʵħû֮ǰϢɢȥˡ
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ˮվ¥һڣԶԽԽĺɫڵûһɫ񣬾Ҳһɫ
ʮ״СóٶȺеٮٮߣǺõսޡ
ˮħŵˣ
һϵ


953 ħһˣѹŴ
ˮΪҲǳˣѩ׵뷢ǵ˫ۣһһ̬ӹϡ֮ˣΨһһߵǱֱһڵ·ǲĴֱʧˣֻʣ
ħŻǿң
ˮ̧ſȥεһһһ̤ȥӾС
˾Ǹ갡ᰡ
ǣôɱŴϵˣǿ󡣡

ܶҲܾȣΪݾ¥ˮֻǵʱ֪ˮڿоرĲ˼顣
˵ߵУԷʮˣлиˣᣬˮĶԷȺŹԼҪ˵ħŲûţΪħ´Ӳῼǵ߱ȻҲû˻оħſˡ
֮ҲһЩ֮ˣ֪Էǰһʲô̬ǰģ֪εķչ
˿ˮ۾һһźӣϧħŵġ
ץ꣬һҪҶǺæģ˵أ
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ɱ˿ŵĴϣ
ƺûˮĻһ
ŶͲˣĪǸϼһֻˣҲɱһΣֿ˾׼ɿܵˣ˵ء
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ȻħŵˣʵҲ޼ɵΪҲǷֳϺЩʱһҪ¶š塢ֶΡ̵ֶΣֲҪļߣֻǸо¾С
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˺ܿ񣬺лԣǲҪӾͲ֪ߵغû˸ħǰҲ⡣
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˵󣬵ΧȴǶΧ˸оһܶ˶ΪˮģȻҲһЩ˾ǿ֣ԽԽá
ϵĻԲ˲
ˮ˵ĻûκθоǱŴġ
ˮ仰ʵҲԷô˻ôûһ֪ߵغħʲôҲǡ
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СӲʹüȫʱԲ
Ц˵
ˮһ
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ΪħֻǸְһֱģҪô
ˮ˭ƫƫħţҲ湻ùġ

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ǸΨһһֱӳˮʮ֮ĵطõЦ
òܿеޣϧһ˵ϣˮеŤ֪ԼʵҲһֵ죬òǻ
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µ۴ˮУˮҲûйϵΪܵ˶ԷʵһǧǣһɫĳںɫĽâţŹĹâˮǿġ
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Ϊܰ쵽
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ֹʤҲֻ˲䣬һо֪˴ʵ֮ھܷӹҪһӣôҪʱ
оˮѹħͫħͫƣмܣûУֱӾһߵһǳΧ˾ˡ
ħͫʲô˴һ֪ģսܹۣħ˸֪ħͫսܹǧǵǿߣħҲǳȻĴڣħŽ֧


954 Ź֮ڣΪĸ
ȴм䰤˲ʮÿһӶǽħͫĵɳȥֻǷһ֮ٴظǰľ棬ܰ´򣬵ҲûãΪһеľ涼ϵս棬˰ɣԸֻоԵȻˮˡ
обҪ𣿡
ˮߴ˵
Ʋս׵ķʤһأ
ħͫһϣƴ
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ˮħͫ˵Է֪˵ĻˮҲѵ
ħͫѾ֪ԼǰˣԷѾˣսԼʵȫʩչڶԷԵٶǰܵһͿԼûȫӣԷƺһɱҲûʹá
˾ǰˣ
鳤ϣˡ
ҡҡͷ˵įһεʧܴһֱħŵͬ˰սʤĴڣһûܹۣǧ谮һ·̫˳ˡ
鳤Ҳüͷһ壬뵽ʱĻͫʵһ·̫˳ˣܴĶǱʹģûΣУȥԺܻġ
֪˰ɣӺɷʲô̾ģⲻǻ£֪ԼԺ·ô˰ɣ۾ͱǾЦˣʧܲʲôгһհѽ쳡һˡ
鳤˵᲻࣬Ҫħδһҩ
ħͫһ𣬰գԼͽ뵽޷εУÿһ֧˵ĴڣǴϲǴ󱯶Ƕһ˺ʲô̫̫ﵽ¾ͻ˵ȫ뵽һ֮У߲ˡʹ࡭
Сһֱ˳жȹ˳˳ˮεĴֻͻȻһֲɽܵ
ߵĻһ˲׺ܶ࣬ǰ˵ĺܶණҲͻȻˣҲʧ֪ǸԺܿǿľƽ١
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ҿԾԵսʤԷֻƾŹ㹻ˡ
аɣ
һûж˵ʲôӰԾȻһֻӥһˮ׹ǽϷɭȻĹΣ˴һƬɫһӰ
ˮüͷǰ׹ǽϸܵһڡʴצһĸоааĴ
ˮĺȻֱ°빦ĴڣԽǴĶһ˾Խ£ԽǴĶˮǰԽǲ԰
ˮҲѺȻת۷壬ǺǰûʲôӰһΡ
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Ӱֱӳ˵Һֳֽ࣬ҺλŤλãѸϲת
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ˮԥʹԵĹȻϲ˺ܶ࣡
ɫ׵һĹžž죬ֱӺǰɭɭİ׹ǽײһ𣬱˵ͱˮһҪһЩϽǶȵ⣬ִٻӽʵٴ˵ۿۣˮĺȻ˵
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ٴαɣˮɲŲæһ۶Զһ˲Ȼڱ˿ˮ뻹ûгŹ
ŹԽԽԶٶҲԽԽ죬Ź֮ڵĵʵҲܵһЩӰ죬ֻһٶȾ޷˵ġ
ĿһȻһĴ󣬵ˮĵԿƲŲæĸһȥ
һѪɻصЩС
ҲɱˣֻǻЩûŪ壬߰ɣЩһȥħŵġ
ˮŶԷ˵
ħŵһĬ뵽˺ܶȴΨûȥΧȴǷһĴǵĶУӹҲòǣֻҲ֪˭˵ģ˵ȻҲħţħźǿǲµʵҲв١
ֻԣҪΪħǲսʤģסʱ䲻ҪûȤ´Ҳһôõ͡
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ˮĻûһΪǿɴħͫˣһֿĴܣ˭ҳôˡ
һҵĲ²ʹħŶɫһ䣬к˿ţǿƸԼһЩǿɵ˳ֱֺȫ뿪վֻ衣
ϵܣ·СģϸͲˣ
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ϸ籣أ
ˮӻ̤ϻ
һ߻֪ʲôʱܼٴλӻ֣µӰԽԽԶˮǲҪ͵ģһҪͣһֱҪݳˡ
ˮҲ֪ħŻ᲻ֹԼǻԭˮԲֻǸˣǰħͫ鳤ϣ峤ϣǸ˶Ӧòħűˡ
ߵʵħӦҲеλˮֻǴ˶ԷǸԭ򣬲Ǿ¶ԷħţҪҲס
һ·رƽľѾңңˣľˮоͷۣǷŵǰҲرˮͶľԱԻǰͺˡ
һεˮʲôܿ޹ؽҪʲô۹⡢ʲô˵ԲںǶľԼ߲ԼԼļ
һֻһһΣˮѡȨһж˶ľˡ
ԴϴһѾܳʱ䣬ѾǶ೤ʱ䣬Ǻ׵ҵƺǰӷĶľңˮҲǺܿġ
Ǹʱ䳤ˣˮǰҲŲСı仯ҲҲǰģˮߵľſʱ
λ˭Ƕľҡ
ǿˮͨˣϾֹɢϢҲʲôΣ˵
Ҫľˡ
ˮ˵
˭ҷʲô飿
һ΢곤ĺ˳ǿˮ˵
ڶľǺҷ˵ģǰ߷˻ǰԸʲôǰ
ʱһݻͣȻӳһտɫȹľɫŮӣֻһˮϳŮӾǶľ˪ֻûǰô䣬ϻŵ΢Цˮ۾ȴ
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ľ˪ĵЦŰѺӵݹȥСĵ㣬Ǻٱˡ
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ˮЦŵͷ˪С㣬ܸ˼㣡
ʵˮܾȣľ˪Ѿ˺ӣҲǺܾȣûľ˪ҲֻǿһЦοôȥҲСˣûŮ˼һҪźż޸ԼԼ˵һҲټ档


955 ֣ľ
ȵеŮҲˣˮǸе㺩ʱرкøС
֣ˮҺĸ׵һѡ
ˮҷ֡
ľ˪Ϊ˽ܣǰ˺ܶࡣ
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໥кˮˣԼӦҪһ㣬̸Ӣºһ˸оˡ
һ縸׵ˣˮΪʲôľ˪Ҫ޸رÿˣֻһ۾ܸо˺ܰһС
ŮӣΪ׷󣬵ۣˮҲֻйһĽӴû֮ʲôܣºŮˡƯŮ˶ˣûҪ˺֪һͥԺӵĳɳӰܴ
ΪǿһΪеңˮʶܵģҪһ˲ʲôҵӵܣһ壬ǰаҲûС
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һֻһ۷ߣˮоеˣһƺƺܲľ˪ҵ˻ǳϡ
ǸСӻǸѾͷ
ˮЦſžµСһʵ
СӣСӣ
ֺǺЦ
ˮóһװĽеݸˣǸСһɡ

ΪѵĿˮȻľ˪
ŰѣԺŸСһԣСһġ
ˮŵ˻е㺩˻Ǻкøеġ
ˮ֪˻ǲңȢľ˪Ů˵ҲΪ
ӦǳʲôöʵŻǣмʹȢľ˪ӦܵҺͳЦɣΪˮпˡ
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صֻھľҵʱ򣬲ʱĻ⵽ۣرˮ
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958 ֻţ׼ҵѡ
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ܿľҵ˻϶ˣǿԶĶľ˺ˮЩ˽飬Ȼβеĵǡ
ľ˪źӻкԼһЩһ飬ˮгޣȻŶľ˪ͷ
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һΪ˼Կǿ׼ңһֱԼɶľˣȻѡ뿪ûУҲǺкñй

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ڶˮȻźԺȥûеԺﴫȭȿʱҲһ
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ʳָŮ˵°ͣŴʱѪŵḶ̌۾΢գĽëڶż΢΢ſ˫ʣһ̸һϵĳ


961 㣬ĸ£
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ӥЦ˵ʵ֪ˮֻҪˮϲ䣬һ𣬶ͻῪġ


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صĹݹȻӣˮʵǿ޷Ӵʵ̨ףֻûһ̨ײܿԶһķ羰
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һ˶һʲôΪʲôûһۼһٶٿ죬Ҳ²ӰһӰˮֻԭһӰˮ֣ʱ˲䣬ӰҲʧ
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֣ңû˵֣ұħΣħͫΣ֪ħŵһ֣ܲȫҡ
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ħţǿݶ֣ҺħűЬ䲻ϣ˵Щʲô֪˵Щûõġ
ǰЩ˵ħŵĵһħͫһУ鳤Ҳˣѵġ
Ӧǰɣ˵žǱһһʵħΪųͷģƺҰܶ飬ƺûнĶǸûɱħŵˣӦ˼ɡ

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ԽԽпܡ
¹شΪС°֣ٲ֮ءԽԽ£ȴͻȻһϵء
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Ļ˵𾪣Ҳ⣬˸Ǹо˼飬Ǹоˮ̫ˣϾҲȷˮܴħŵĳϣΪ̫ˡ
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ѵǸ죬⽫յúǰҲһģٲôá
һֱϦ£ϯɢȥʱһʱڿˮȻҲڣȴûг֣ѾѺҵ鶼˺䣬Ѿ֪ĴһᷱٲʢҺҵ͸ˮƶҪ
ˮ˵֣Ҽ᲻Ǹ
仹е˵
İɣͺúôңʱȺֵܽʱ򣬾ͰѺҸǾͲֿ˺òá
ˮЦ˵
ø᲻ùùð
ʫźǺЦڵ٩ˡ

ûжʱɢˣʱˮͺˣϾǴӣʱʫŻҪ˵ʲôȴֱӱƳȥˡ
ҲЦҡ
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ˮ֪ԼǲǾ֪֮ԼǸǿֻҪѣһɫ˳Ӵһֱֱһѱǹ
һϻϾͲôϢţ죬Ǿɬ鲻ʱ˵Щ¶ǵĻޱȡ
ˮϲӵʣӵ飬ӾĳĽڣرŮˡ
㺣֮ҲܲסĵַмҲͣһӣ˻ôıһ𣬵ȵһ
ҲΪˮҪ뿪֪˺ܿҪܳһʱ䣬Ժˮ࣬ȡҪ϶ӡ
ˣٲ𴲣Ҫǳ緹ˡ
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𶯣ڶҿɿƲסˡ
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ˮȴǹ˲ˣһѽ棬ſϣչˮǰ

緹ˮͺ˳Եģûţֻǰѷ͵˽¥
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ˮֻ˵֣Ҽǰû˵Ǹ˼ҲԣǸϵҲ˵üǰǸֻǲ֪Ǹô˵ģ֪ǲǻܺúõġ
ˮߵǰԺʱ򣬿һӣſ㣬һѾᣬ񵱳Ĳ׺һϴźˮеʧ
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Լϵľľīϸ͸Լġ
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ľκѾǺԶˣг񣬲öʱϤɽѾңңˡ


967 ٽǿҩ
ʱϦ߰չţ˺ǣʣֻһˮоеµ
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ϤĪϸȥ·ҲīҴˣᾪȵĿˮ֪ˮѰīϷ˺еָˮ
λûб䣡
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һˮʼҩΪҩϳҲе㼤Ѵ󲿷ʱ䶼ҩϡ
ˮܵĵҩܶ࣬ΪҪۻ飬ǰۻƽҩֻۣǽҩ㹻Ϳʼģ绢ԪԪ㡭

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ҩݡйţݡǧϵĹѪ𼶱ϵڵѪǷۡ
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ЧӱɵʵѪҺĴȡǿȣݷߵƽӦǿ״̬Կٵ˺ˣԻˣжɼֱͻƵǰıϡ
ֻеһηûӱɵʵƵһԣԺὥʧȥЧӦ˿һֱЧͻƵǰϵļҲһֱڡ
ˮһЦˣӵʵ㲻ȻǶۼ˵ͼľ˷ѣȫܵҩʵˡʡͻƱϵļʣһǿĴڣʹƺܶࡣ
Ҫǲ֪һƶ٣Ӧò̫࣬ȻһβͻơΡֱͻΪֹ
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ſ档
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ǰĵҩеʵܶ࣬ƣ絽ֻӼʵֱûЧӶɱʵڴ·Ͼɵҩˣһǵ߾ͿֱʮǣǱʵ֪˭ЧĵҩԻᱻ˵ǡ
ڶˮĺ磬߳ԺжɽеԺӶǺܴģԺǽҲܸߣǷֹҰ޽ġ
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˼飬ָһһЩصͿʼԼ
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úܿˣֻҪʵһУʲôʱ򶼲
īϷ֪ԽǿԽΣգӼᶨֻ֪յˡ

ٴ̤ǿˮҲепƺ˵̤ǿǺһԬյŮ˵ģоǸŮӺİΪҽΰоҩϵ츳
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еټÿʹһΣ·̻һټϻٶѾңңһ·ٵޣ˳Ĺȥ󲿷ֶʩչУˮû˼սϾԷȺޣе㡣
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һҶ赹Ҳ΢Цźˮ֮ʦѣ֪
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ѾͷٺˮԵСѾͷ˵
СѾͷˮͷŤǱߡ
߼ŮЦʦװЦ˵ˮõóԵĶ
ˮóһöѾͷԡ
Ȼùˡ
ˮ
ѾͷǱʣˮǺЦ
ˮҲŲģѾͷȫ㡣һ


970 ӸŮ
һ˺ǺЦżȥˮҶʱϲ󣬲ĵ֪ˮƤûˮͼ˾һˮȥ

ڲ׺ĺ׺İֹҲǣرڤռûˮļ䣬еӡ󣬵Ȼоİ
Ѿͷ
ˮǣһֻ֣Ѿе㶭µСѾͷĵЦˡ
һЦˮָԼŮȻĻףûһ̵ĴӦþѪɡ
֪ʲôʱһߵҲһֻС֣ˮգƯСŮСһţЦź
Ů
ˮֱӽ
պʦװ񣬵ûʦװô䣬µСޣһŮһоرгɾ͸С
ˮôֻŮء
ǺЦ
ӺɷأԺҪýãʲôҪŽãүǡ
ˮǺǵЦڤ
һʦװˮŮСĳ軵ǡ
ǰˮӿɲ衣
׺ҲЦЦ˵
ŮģСá
ˮɵЦŵȴǺǺЦһԵȴǴЦǵã˵Ļ˵ǲǡ
Ҫ˵Ķ˵ˣ̫ˣֽ֧˵ġ
Ѻһʱ䳤Ҳһ˿
ûʲôֻڤȴ죬Ϊ̫Сˮ˵ĻûзӦֻĹӸȤ
ǵӣˮǰδе㣬˵кҪŮҪкСҪΣУʱ̼ǵԼҪϵǰ
ŮҪҪһУŲΪһ㶫ƭˮǰһЩŮΪ˼ʮĶܳԼһǧٲΪ˽ǮͲʲôĳԼΪʲôŮҪ

ͷֺһ
һˮŸоѾͷе֣Цʣ˵ʲô㣬Щæûչ˺ǡ
ˮŮ˫еǵҲһͲ׺ºôС侲ֻڿԼе棬Ҳѹ֣ϾͻȻһס
ҲҪ
е˵
ףˮŮҪϵҲ뷨ժ
ˮֱӽ
Ĳ׺ϻǵ΢Цֻ֮ҸĹʸ
ܿ쵽Ҽ˵ĶÿҲ㹻ˮ֪ҪѾ˵˵ǺԾ˵˳
ǰͺ˵ˣľ˵û˵Ȼˮ׵ŮҲû˵ݺӵҲʱû˵
Ƿıºܴģ࣬ǲµĻ˼
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ĻˮͷһߣƵ˵ǲµļ
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ˮЦţȴǰݺӺͶľ˲ĸ𣬺οӦ֮С
ŮԽǲˮԽָУεĶ˵ǲǺܻ쵰ǻ֪㡣
ͦ쵰ģǰһ㳤ֲӣڿҴˡ
ҲЦε˵Ȼ˵ﲢû֣һĸ׶ںľǰݣݹᣬܰµĺŮ˶Ȣˡ
Ǿûһס㣬ҲھΣʱ˶ǵĺӣ߶ġ
ˮԼ񾲵ŮСŮˮرĿģ⣬һߵճŶҲǻգգʹ۾ˮ

ˮűԼȵһ˫ˮһӿˮСܼ򵥣˭гԵľͺ˭
ˮȻֱӸһӣϧСѾͷòòֱˮＷȻҸλþԡ
ֱȥ񱧵ˮСѾͷǺЦˣˮǳСӡ
ǵ֪ˣסַ֡
ˮЦ౴ȥһռ
Ե˿ĵĽӹȥȻЦǺǵĴһˮˮЦá
ʱ˵ĽǺܴģ׺µҲһҶͲ׺¶۷壬ǰĵ࣬˲һѡ
¸¥ˮеԾʵĻûˮеΣͻȻˮ뵽
ȭ׻צӣ
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ʦװҲʮʵ۷ʮʵ౴Ҳʮһ໢ʰ˼ʰ˼֪ҵʵѾ¶ǡ
Ĵȴһҫ۵㣬ˮе㾪ޣѾ˼Ҳˮ뿪Էĵԭһ档
ʵ˵ԽԽѣȻһƽĹȻǿʱͻۣΨһȱԪݣȻ۳ʱԪҲٹķ֮Ҳһƽ⣬ˮףԪⲻõġ
ܿŮܸԼǽˡ
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ˮԶǲܵĿ࣬й²ܵĿ࣬һֱ֣һλҲ׼һѡ
㣬ǿСŮĻ¶ɵģҲʲôҲҵķչǲҪҵ׽ֻҪԸͲԸ⣬ҪԸ⣬һĶ
ˮЦſࡣ
ˮҡ
㲻ϲǾƵܵܰɫõġ
ˮЦ˵š
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ɬļ
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ˮ˵
Ǹ˺⣬Ǹ˱Ҫ㣬ΪȣһЩҲҪƺˮΪǰ
ʵĻˮҲһֱţǷģҲǷģˮһֱżӱĲ㣬⼸Ҳܿ֡
ţһġ
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971 £Ů󵱼ޣ
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ˮЦЦĸףҲڳҲѰѹء
ܿ죬ʱͰȥˣ⹫޺;˾˻ԡ౴뿪ˣʣˮһˣСҲܰ
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ڤˮƺڿǲġ
ˮŷԼʱڼңԼȻû£˵湻˾Ͳˡ

һڵһ飬ֿҸ˵ģǰֹ¶įҲʧˣ¶ĵ˾ǹ¶ܶʵﵽܸߺܸߵľ磬ͻȻûʲô׷ʵٸûˣûҪػĶĹ¶Ҳͳħ߻ħ
ڼˮóܶСֺüŮϾСӣȻǰ˵ʲôӣڻû׼á
ˮѼСԼ죬ǰһЩߣҲüСһﻶѣܿͺװѹϵܶ࣬СѾͷҲǵĽиͣ󲿷ʱ䶼ռˮˮˡ

ˮЦſŰԵСѾͷСӺܶ඼粻Լױ˵СֻܱԼ
⼸Ҳûзʲô飬ˮܿģԼˣԺҲû۸ˣһ¼ʵ˳һ
ӵĺӶʮˣͦ׳ģҵҲҪ½ɼˣǴ壬Ǹ嶼Լ
ˮûԼǼˣҪҲ޳ַʽ׽˿־УʵǱ֤ɵֶΣʵΪԼߵ˹ĸãԼҪô򵥣ûʲôʲô棬ҪҪǮĻɾĶǮ
οҵ̻ʲôҲѲ棬С¥ȣˮϣҩݣʲô׵ģҲȱǮۻǮȻܺһЩȣҲǴˡ
ˮ㱾뿪ģûڼģ˵˵ߣȰȰɡ
Цˮ˵
ĻˮҲ֪ΪʲôеܣһҶݺεģܱôΪԼ
һҶ迴ﶼˮˣԼʵҲֻѣȻϵܺãվеΡ
Ѿɳ֪ԺǿֻѾͷˮŮ֪᲻Լһ뿪ӦûģԼһߵġ
һҶ˼ţһ㵭΢ЦûеĹ¼ţﲻŮ׵ˣԺ֪Լ᲻ˣʹԺԼĺӣԻ׵һ
ʨ㲻ȥˣΪʲôģԼһ¶ļңеҲԼף̡ùá
Լô˽
һҶԼ˵ȥʨûĻԼûһϣʵûҪˮΪԼ£Լ͸˽ˮҪΪǰʨ룬Ҳʲôһİ
ģҵŮôܵˡ
ˮɵЦ
һҶʱһۣ￪ĵЦˣǵһһãףǲǵ۸ˡ
ȿȣѾͷ˵ҿ᲻۸ס
ˮϽϾûкôοԼҲ飬ϾһҶֻϷѡ
ҿǺվһϣȰȰףȻҪߣҵ㱣׺òá
΢Ц˵
ˮһ΢Цŵڷ֪֪Լ˵һЩϱģѰǸʱҲܼסһЩ飬ο
ҲһҶ軹ﶼ֪Σ˭ҲԸ˵±˴˳ܲס
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ˮЦ˵
վˮߣûпˮȴ黬䣬ܶ鲻˵ȴǶף̧ͷЦţԶҵԶǡ
ܶ˲֪ˮ˵ʲôҲܿˣ˶ܴˮǸŮΡ
һҶȴ̾һĻҲǻԣûвҴĻԣֻǿƭʱ䡣
Ǹı˲˵ģʲôСʱ棬ӡ׽ժӡʱҲնڶɴˡ
΢ЦˮߣƺˮܾǰСʱʵֻ֣Դһ֪ףʲô֪ϣùܺˮһ
ѩùĺˮһҲԶԼĺӣֻ֪ǻϷһΪԼȴᣬ֪ȥ˭ƽҲۣǲ˵Լ˵ɣֻĺܣǰˮıաʱĺᡣ
ǼʣˮҪףѪŨˮԼ֮ûѪԵ̧ͷһҶ裬еھε


972 ֮ڣҴȥʨָ
飬ˮԴࣺѾͷҪ˼ˣһʼûб䣬ԶҲ䣬ôˣҿųģĪ㻹벻ס
ôᣬҪˣܲˡ
ȴԽԽࡣ
ɵѾͷûˣҵŮһļңˡ
ˮ˵仰ͻȻҲ
ˮһҶ裬һʼôʱ䣬ΪĲ֪ǲĽɫһֱоһҶ費ƽںˣˡ
ɲԴӦһһ
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˵һʮҲӦ㣬ʲôС
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֪ײǷޣǷҲһֱɷΪңŮмŮʵҲϣǳΪķޣɲԴӦ뷨ôܺ׳Ϊޡ
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ˮôҲû뵽һҶΪ޺ͻأ֪ᵽеִ٣ҲûǰооһֱԼߡ
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㣬ôʱķˣôиõ˵𣿡
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һҶǳЦ˵ƽеΣ治֪ôмܡ
ˣҲֻǸ꣬û뵽һĳɳ߶ȣ֪Ѿеֲʲôϵˡ
ǵڰ˵ԺԼٰʲôģһţ˸˵һǷޡޣҲе̫ľȡ

ѾҪˣˮںһҶںԺ֪뿪ˮȻҪһҪ
о
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ˮվһҶ˵
ˮûвɢϯȻ֪ˣҾ͸Ӧ뿪ˡ
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˭˵ҪɢˣҪ뿪ȥģȥʨ룿
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һҶƽ˵
ǲˣҪ뿪뿪ܷ𣿡
ˮ΢ЦſһҶ衣
һҶ迴ˮ΢Це֣ĿԼҲìܣΪ뿪֪ȡʥݻǻ콣ڡ
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ˮûдҾ뿪ˡ
һҶԥһ˵
ҲˣϣǳΪޣԲû뷨˵òá
ˮһҶͷæ˵
ðһֱصŮӡ
ˣû£У뷨Ҳ£ҲǸŮˡ
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ˮڸоһҶҲֻǸоɵŮˣˮĵסһֻ֣ûֻǵЩʲô
һҶ豻ˮ̧֣ͷ峺ʱ¶һ˿ǳЦҪرʥݡ
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һҶε˵֪˵뷨Լֲô
ˮûɣһҶקûקɴţһˮŻ˵꣬Ҵȥʨ롣
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һҶˣһʹ֪ΪʲôͻȻޣôǵһָоԼȻǶԼ콣˵ֻǺΪеɫ˴ûԼʲô˼û뵽ŬΪԼǿʨ롭
¶¼Żֲ̤ʵĸоô꣬һͻȻо̤ʵأͻȻоĲôĿ飬Ȼоǰ˺ý
ˮܸܵ͸оӥˮ˵ôôһҶ軹˺ܶ࣬˫Ҳǡ
ˮһҶһ򣬵³çɿԼǣ֣ˮŵӵסû˵ʲôҲûʲô뷨ܵһ飬Ĳôµ
ˮͦģк
һҶһοĸָܵоеϲָо
裬Ҵȥָ
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ˮǺЦ
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һҶˮһ䡣
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973 ǿצ
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ܿ췿бѪŵˮŴΨգʱȴ룬˵̴΢ţ΢Ľĸоʴǡ
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̶̵֣ˮֱѸٵȥ˵ѣˮסǰ΢Ľ

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ˮȰצһצӵǰΣǹӲȾӲҷޱȣ˹Ǽܶرķ㡣
ֻǼһ㣬Ļ⻹ˮһζצצ࣬צȭҪǾõĴ֮ãǣͨĽֱӶϵΪ˼Ӳ⣬һǴ̫֮
ͳԼצǼܶǺܺõĶϣοˮʶǺǿģоҲǶĴڡ
ܶʵӦò٣ɹʺˮϵ²𣬶ˮżḽһЩ
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ҲʹߵʵٴηٳԶˮڶеĽٶһ
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Ϊ׵ˮ˵
˵ͻȻٶˮҲһЩҲһ칬ˣ칬һЩϢҲǴĺԶر칬Ǹ档
ĿˮĶˣôҲû뵽칬ˣоǲҪ칬
ǰүүôͻȻˣǷŭ
ңΪûˣүүˣһμҲŹԼԼˡ

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Сֵܲýţû֣ǰ˵ɣû뵽Ҳοݵĸ
ˮеģû˵Ǿ˵˵ˮ֪֪֪ҲûйϵҲֻһţһƺѣ


978 ػ壬ˮ˼
˿ˮЦЦȻ·룬ȻŻ˵ʵÿݶǿάǸݣػǸݣǣֻһˡ
ˮһֲûݳưԣûнӻǾţ֪˽ĻҪ
ǿΪػֻ࣬һѣҲΪʲôԭÿһػԼĴУֻڼ²Żᴫвȥػֽػ塢м塣
Ϊʲôػ塢м壬ѵֻǼ崫У
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ʽʵҲǼʽҲ壬˵˾Сҳɴң߼ϳһ壬ʵǼ塣
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ˮھݵķλرĺ棬һֱûҵʵʡ
ʵһЩ˴ˣ˵ʲôϿգʵ޺ܹ󣬶ǵΧޱްΧţҲš
˵Ϻɽͨɽԭܴﵽеһݣ
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ֻѾܶܶû˴ˣû˴Ǵ˵ˡ
ϺеԶޡ˵ˮźĿֲڣɽӴɽΣո˵ޡ޳桢ݡ
ͨɽи˵ʥݵıǼԭ˵ſµıޡʲôģѩ裬ĿɴӶϺȥҲѡ񼫺ԭ
۴ﶼӿУвµĴڡ
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˼ңǰѵû취𣿡
ϺȿԵʵǧǺͨʥݵԶŴҲǰ˵һ־Ǵ˵ıسߡߡ
˵ĻˮҲһ㶣Щɲô׵õģľģܶĻˮúϺȵҲûпܣȻĿǰҲǺѣ·;̫Զ;̫ΣգҪ˭֪Ҫ;жʱ䣬ڸû취
˼ңǸԶŴʱ𣿹ȥܻ𣿡
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ѪһںлһѪߣмʵѪв࣬Ҳһʵر죬һǿԺܶ˵ػʵҲѪУֻѪж˵ֻƽѪϽѪ
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һεû˵ʲôϾ൱͹²Ҳûж飬Ҳ壬֪²顣
ô칬֮˶оûκϣˣرһǰףȴҪȵˮд𸴡
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ҪǾŹҲʼоһЩ˾ֻѧϰ΢󣬺ԼС
ˮĿǰֻѧϰ֪ǲҲҪһѧϰЩ󷨣ǻһЩ󷨡
ʱܴҲƿ֮ûеɾ磬ûгµսڻҪ֮ġչʹ֮
ƺǸҲɱУֻӦòữΣû뵽绯ˣʱˮǧնҲɾ磬ֻûùʱҲࡣ
ˮһֱֻǶԸ߼ûзʲôɱܻûľ޴仯ˮѾĿɫ
Ҳֻܵʹã뻹㲻յλ֣оߵЩСĽɫֻǵʹãеʹá
ȵˮоƸӺãЩþƵģ⶯˲ϵ֡
ҲųֵƲãھϰƣǰ˲֪ٱƿҲǺʡоһɾȫա


980 磬˻ϲ˳
ն಻ѹɾڣʱ䲻óˮôţϣżϲûоϲٻеõġ
ʵӣǿǰ״СĽɫȴǴֱֹ߶࣬ǰҲһҡ
˫ֲͣĴɫһһķɳӲӵĺХдһڵĻۣҲֻ࣬ǶԸۼеǿܸоɱ̫ĺܴ
ͣı任ԻԼƷκХڿиǿ任ˮ˫ֻٹŵʱɳӽɫ
أ
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ͻȻˮܵԼߵɢһ˿Լ壬²壬۾ϸϸܡ
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ˮƬ̣ҲһСķ֣ܵƻˣ΢Ĳ䵤֮á
ѵǳĲеЧˮǿԺЧǲǿԽǿ󣬻һ޴̨ܺأԺӦûӦҲ
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Χܶ˶ۺңиöӣҺС֮飬İ飬ʱ˭֪ˮ˴ڣο౻ұƵǸ˾ϲСҲûǸӣֻй²һУעԵ
Һܶ˿ٴκܶ˶оеįҲûа취Ұװ״ʧڵĻᣬܶ̾ῡ
ｻϲһֱϯϵĲ˻˺üΣȻмµҲ뿪һֱ˲ɢȥ
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981 һЦǣЦ
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ķݣˮɫˮЦЦһҶ˻һҶ迴ߵٿҲεЦЦ
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һֱоԼһĥѺͼ尾һҶҲŴ壬ԼǧС㣬ͻȻһԼȥҲʱŸоյЩǶôãȴԶٻصǰ뵽Щ˺ѷεۣ۵ľû⣬ٴһ뵽ĸǰƴԼ͸֪ܳʬҲҪš
޸ʵˣΪԼԼɫѷɫκˣҲ֪ʨǿǶģΪԼ죬ûпܣԽǿԽǼ·أΪԼһ˺һɿս
ƺѾȥű𣬶ǰǷݳĵףͬʱеҲǵһǲ϶һԼһˡ
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ʲôҲû˵ţˮҵĴ齣ܿջĽǰ಻ߣҲһȳԵú޳رǰ쳣ķ飬ֻһ۾ˮѪڣ³պϼܲ·Եγˮ˿ǡ

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ˮ

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ǰ´кһҶѾ˵һЩ飬Ҳ֪˵ʲôɺܶ࣬ƺҲûôˡ

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ˮͷԼʦͲСˣݴ½ƴʵģҲΪԼǿ󣬰ǰĴǺٳģΪԼʥ̨еҲˣεҲǿģϱչأھѾﵽһֿµĳ̶ȡ
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ֻЩҪĲ϶һЩǿϲϻһЩҩݣЩҪǲϣûɾûʵҲûá
ڤڤ֮ɰţƺһжǰźõģÿˮɾҪϣȻۻÿ춼ȣкֿܶԴŻźȡ
ȻѧˮһԿţѧᣬҪߵ˶ѧᣬϾһֱԶߣܸоʲô
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ͻȻԶһֻݣˮֱ˲Ѿ˷ǰ棬Ϊˮ֪˭۳ǳֻ뿪ġ
ǰ
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ˮӹȻˣԷͷֱӴ򿪣Ȼ˹ȥ
ˮ㿴ŵʱѾ뿪ˣҪңҲģΪԼ֪ȥҲ֪ΪʲôʵҶǣͻȻʧˣͻȻûǰôãҪȥѰʧȥĶȵһһǰԲˮԭҡ
ˮֶڲ˫ֱӱ۳ʦǿѹεɢֻǲûоѹԷ
ôô
ˮ˵
ʥ̨ˣʵ̫죬ףҲ˺쳾
Ҳǿɬ˵Ҳû뵽˵ʵȻô£ȵ۳õѡ
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985 ȥޣˮ޵ʵ
ˮòſˣǰ֪ȥȥ
ûв´ȥޡ
˿ˮ˵
ˮ˼ĿˣʵѾﵽǧǵʵ
ֹڵʵȥ޴´࣬Ǳе㵣ġ
̾Ȼˮ
ллһᾡȥġ
ˮᶨ˵
ϣóȹһΣҸˣ
̧ͷˮЦЦ
ǰſˣסɣ
ˮϽ˵
кܶҪԺлɣҪ̫ģ˺˺٣Ҫôģǣҡ
˻ӻַˡ
ˮһֱʧԼ֮ڣԼڻʸȥޣþԼʵˡ
ģǣҡ
ˮ˼仰ﵽ־ʲôˣ֪۳ֿǼ򵥵Ŀ͸ǰһȱǮǰǮˣǮһֵֶﵽ޿ɹƵʱɻȤⲻǿٲǵ۳ֿ
Ŀһ־磬ݽ棬ͨɱ˺Ÿ񶼳⣬ݽɱ˾һֻϣһ¶ᣬһְҲһֱĿ
ף˺쳾ˮںܿɬ۳ѾϽҪȴˣ˵ҪȴһС
Ҫȥݣ¿ʼ֮ȻǣסĴڣڿûʲôǣסȻҲ뿪
ҪȥѵҪԼ
ˮܿҡҡͷ֮ҪɻһҶ飬Ȼǰȥ̤ݴ½ҲҪҵ
תصңܶ˶Χ˹ˮ㻹ЦˣҪӰѾȥݡ
ˮ򵥵˵һЩܶ˶һܣϾǧǵʵֲ̫ˣͬʱҲﰵԼӾΪ֪ˮһȥޣʵˮҪǣҲȥ
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¸¥ˮţԪܳһʮ꣬ӦÿԴﵽġ

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ʵһֱϣиӣЩˮ֪Ҳǲ̤ʵȱ顢¶ˣǵҪһ䡣
õ飬ģѾǹһˣõѡǼˣиԼӣ
ˮ֣ϹҸЦݣˮҲҪкˡ
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ʱһ˫ĵ΢΢һһǳЦţһ񾲵Ϣɢ
ǵŮˣһֺʵڵĸоʵĳǰһ۶оƯ𺳣ߵϢģʱĳԽøŮζ

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һֹʵԽǿԽܵһعƣãǲܻУֻҪһʱ䡣
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ʵҲǷ˲Сı仯ıʵﵽʮǣǰ̫ˣϧǲˮӡ
ٶˮһҲԾźڷˣҲеˣѪʵôӶеԾоٶȻеˣɾһ൱ڰ죬һ뵽˵ˣڵ䵽Ӧûûɡ
ڤ죬սģӱıʵʩչһսļ룡
ˮÿοսرĿģļѾˣһʵﵽǣһӽվ˦٣û취мΪ˻ٶȣʵĶûˡ
߼УеķٶױȣзжһУԳʱٵķС
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죺ʩչ״̬£湥˺ӣÿʹĴΣʱܵ˺
Ǵ־սܿҹҲ൱Ŀ£սǿڷ״̬¿ԴİǵƻȻϲͷ룬ķչռ


986 ߼Ĳɽͽ
ܵ˺ʱɵļԡɹһɱ䣬ʵһ
ˮһջˣֻҪɹһξһʵӦǱʵһɲû׳ɵļʣûгɹĺ󣬷ĶǷëǣɳĿռܴ
ͷڲǵʵһʼѱʱʵ˲٣ʱڵĻʵࡣ
ͷıʵﵽһǣԪ屶ıʵ
Ԫͷ츳սõʵ屶ġ
սսˮ뵽վ֮ıʵڤӱıʵ
ǰվͻֻһıʵʵЩҲڷŲСı仯Щ޵ʵһӵǿ
ٴνͷսһ飬ʴͷ뷢޵иǿĸʴճԣ͵˿ǵҲԿϡ
˿ƣͷԷһ˿Ҿйƣٶȼ죬˿ճԺͶԸǿ
Ⱥ빥޵Ķǿ񣬿Ĺ
˿ɣʹúٶ屶ʱӣÿʹһΡ
ͷİޱȣżǿĶԺʹ͸Ч
ܣͷķǿ
ͷ벻ʺԶսҲʺϽս̣ɱĻͷ룬˲٣ԶǺǿ
ʴճסˣ㲻ҲҪƤϾ군ˡ
ʷ۷ʵһǵʵҪͻ۹ƺˣԺսɲóǺö
ʵٶȺϵĵ۷壬һǶʵϧûʲô;ֻɾڷۡ
Щɾʵĺܿˣֵԭ򣬾ʷСҲܵʵҲǿϧ㡣
ʵޱȣֻǺʷ࣬ܵսҲɲϣֻɾһ羰ˣ˫˫ɡ
Ҳ۷壬ǵʵһʱʵӵٶȼӿ죬ˮһʱ׼ñѩʥߵҩԣǷʵһξ޴ı仯ʵ̫Ȼо綾ԺԵʵԵģһ¶С
ǻͷҲҪߣԸۿɸ㶨һ۷ͲܶԸġ
ʷ䡢ʵޣ޵ǺǿģҲˮһⲻ̵ʱԭǵʵڵʮǡ
ֻǱʵ˲٣սҲһ仯
׻壺޵ĶеʵģתܵмʽԷס
׻ڱʵﵽʮǵʱ˱仯ԭһıʵʵȻվ֮磬ҲˣϾԶ̿͵ޡ
׻ͨڵ׵֮Ĺ벻óףд΢Ч١ӦЧۼӡ
ǰҲԶ˰ףˮֿԼսЧҲһȤܣǰôΣɺܿġ
׻ǿĵǿ׻֣ٷְԶԷʱͶԷʵйϵÿʮʱֻʹһΡ
׻ʩչľ׻һҲˮоǿ̬սҲǶսʱպÿ˲ıս
׵ڷгӵ⼫ǿʹ׵˲ԼһƣָƵٶȼӿ屶ʱʱÿʹ֮Ҫһʱ
޵ʵҪ׻ԼİϾǿµĴڣԿ޵ʵˮǺܿĵġ
սûʹùޣʵͻȻǿҲ֪ްﲻʲôһʱ˳Ļ϶ûϸ۲졣
ǻҲǸܸţһٿһΣǵʵҲһˣԺõŵʱ
ܵ˵ˮǺģûеҩֻƾɾҲЩǿóҲͼֻͷ롢վޣʱ̫
ˮɱиѪеĿйԽϣⶫǲʹãһ̫о̫Ƕ
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ɾеˮ˫ۣƬ̣ЦˣͻˣɽͻƵ߼ˡ
ͺȻһˣӣͺȻµĲɽܼڲɽҲӱ߳ʵ
µʱ䣬ˮıʵﵽһٶʮǣ񲻶ɽҲﵽ߼Ȼ߼ȫתཫʵʵʵﵽǧİǡ
һ뵽һˮˣһҲһֹԵĹֻһʹÿһʱŻʹãĴ󣬼٣ڼȿʵҲһЩٶȣ񸽼ӵһٶȵҲܲಹ
ʹڿһʵﵽǧ߰ٶǣÿһǹսϽַսͲˣҪҲڹһ˲ܴﵽʵͨԶŴ󶼲С
ֻһȻǹ԰ʵ߶ȣֻдӲܽʩչˮƣýʩչͺˡ
ܿˮҡҡͷЦˣ֪ˣñʩչһǵؼսôˣΪٶֻôӣԲŻΪؼսȻҲǴ˵ս
֮ʯˮڵԼǧǧ֮Ĵӣڴϵ¯ࡣ
ЩˮҲûڿһ¹򣬵ֻһĿʵӦСɽ׶ΣǴɣӦûռ䣬ˮԸֻܵرļѡ
ʵÿһҪʱۻֻͣͲǰ
ĹѾﵽһܸߵļ𣬾ȻɽѾ߼ѡѣټҲ֪
֮ͬҲྲֹˣ˾ѾõĵӦ֣ȴǰĵ·类һˮҲΡ
˴ӡڲŵ˾Ѿٲά裬ȱһѺȻʩչԺǿһҲѷɫ˾İԵ޿ɵġ
¶챱ǽˡ
ˮ¶һϣ֮ɫܰѱǽãʵӦ٣жһӦûЧ
ˮЩ׼õһУһȻʼ죬ɵĶʵȻǰǲҪãҪʵͺѡ


987 ɣǿıǽع
ڲϺܶ࣬ǺܺõĲϣˮǿĶ֮ڱǽĻ϶ģҲǿʵҲ㣬볬Խѡ
ӲϵϰǧƽʱĶ죬ڵٶ죬ڲǰö׵ȶʾϣҲԶ챱ǽˡ

ձǽʵĻǲСˮԿڻ֮ûһ¶ȣҲˮļޡ
µĻڱǽطգһʼˮ½ǽڻˣһֱСţʶš
ķⲻ֪ʲôϵıǽȻ൱͸£еõģҲˮԽ϶ⱱǽǺö
ˮͣʼóоǽ뽣ģУıǽΧ˸һʹӵĹΡ
ͳڱǽϷˮʼһ̻һһնֱӺϣΧ
ʱһĹȥû˿ı仯ˮҲɮ붨һ㣬ʱʱһζͻȻˮ˫
ʶеͼתٶȿо蹬Ľ飬ҲѸٵתˮĻûʲô仯ֻˮ֪¶Ⱥͷ
ʮ쾭ͨĵʱѾСɣھһϵǵõľ޴ĽʱѾˮĴָϸһš
ˮáޡҪǰĸϸȴǸǿǽ
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ˮʶɢʱˮֱӽͳգȴˮŵһߣѾˣһòҲûгˮϡ
̫ˣڻ»ûжʱͿʼڻȻڱǽϣǰһֱû뱱ǽС
һͷȲСûжʱͱڵ֮һһӤԴСѾȫڵ
Ҳˣڻһͷȴһ͹ˣСʱˮͷȷŵһߡ
񣬽ǽѸٵһͰˮнһ£ֱӽˮȫȻڶ̨Ͽʼ
ԽԽٶҲԽԽ죬ˮƽˮȻƣִŻһţһһô

һ貵ʹ֣ˮֹͣеĶʹȥֻˮеɻ󣬵ܸˡ
ʹ⽫ǽһһǰʹⶼǺܿɢȥһȴôʱ䣬ӦǺô
ҲͰյʱ䣬ʹ⻺ȥŴʱıǽˮһֵĸӦ⽣һ㡣
ǰӵĹӴһЩɬ·ɢһֲŵζǰһ֣ˮԾǽһۣ۲Ӱ۵һ۾һֻסͻῴ
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ˮˣǰĽ¸¥צǸһɼʹЧԼıǽɵļʡ
һɺһ룬ļ̫ԶˣδǼٵͣʮҲһΡ
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㣬ˮϹſĵЦݣһ㲻
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ĽѸתһ˿Եڽϣֱӽǵ׳һ֣Ҳʵһ֡
ǰˮһ½𵤳⣬Ͳ֪ôˡ
һʵˮϵɫŹ֣һ˿Եֱˮıʵʮǡ
Ǳǽ޵
ǵԵȴǺϸСΪһʵˣû뵽Ȼô࣬ˣͻȻı仯ˮԺķչаա

˳ֵĽˮֱ̤գϽĴӱĳɵʵûгֵĽϽһֱͣϾ磬ʩչ˲ɡ
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޴ը죬ˮޱȣʵﵽһʮǣȻɽԶתģһ۷塣
նçţܻ߼СϽˮһʽϽĹѾǧǣȻǰĿһ磬ʩչ֮ˣҪٶȣĽ⴦ֱӳֺڶΧĿһǽ
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ҪǷֻܴǧǵĹ
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һ
ˮסˣתһʱܸܵѾǧǵʵֻڴһ˲ȴֻ֪ܴǧǵĹ
һˮֱ㵹ֻͰԡ
عˮڴ˴˲ʱͣоҲãԼѾȥħšȥʨˡ
ֻȥ֮ǰҵʵͬʱҲҪԼıʵȥʨ֮ǰǵıʵãʹñǽҲܴﵽǧǵʵŹ󷨣㹻ˡ
ˮһЩֻһ뵽۳еѹһ˲֪뵽ΪӦûʲô飬¿ʼˮִܣӦúѡ
һзأҸɫˣֱȥԺ


988 ǿ󣬰׻ɱ
ԺѾˣ²ڣ⼸£ѾУӦúеʱࡣ
һ໳еʱ仹Ǻܿ죬ˮΪҪ꣬û뵽λ㲻óǽʼϰϽ
УУ
ѾӱĳɵҲǿʮǵ൫Բ٣ٳɶ࣬ˮʵֻҲ൱ˡ
Ͼ֮ջնˮȻɽתʱʱ̼̿ϵʧܣˮվﲻʵѾˡ
һֵıȫתĻ߰ǣѾˣˮվﲻκˣ˭սʤǶԷܴƾݵع
ˮʱȫֻϽĽУ־磬ͬʱĥϺͱǽĬϡ
Ϊߵĵڶǿֵ˵˻ͨ飬ƺ˵⣬ʹǱֻͨѣˮûмҲû˭ͨˡ
Ͻˮڽʱ佫Ͻϣʱߵ
Ͻÿ϶һѶǿһӦҲǿһˮڴŻеϽ׿Զǿ
Ѿһ˿𱱶ǽˮʼһ̫ȭȵ̫ȫʼͨȭ
ΧҵѾܶˣܶ˶ˮͨȭҲеĻ¸¥ΣֻӺԻһҿӵѾС
ر죬ˮİһƽǰʱˮҲУǶ޺Σˮߣ貽Ҳźܸߵľ磬ϧѾֹͣˣѾ˹²ĺӡ
صҲ֪ѾȥˣҵķչѾ죬ʼȷʵˮæùǺںöˣܶѾ̨һಽǰţٶȻ
ÿٳһʱʱѵ˵ľŹˣ⣬󲿷ֶͣǲ׺µ˶Ѿǰǲ۷壬Ѿ¯ˣŬͻƵĽ׶Ρ
ӵǽһԪĺʩչرÿСӶڲϲǿҪͻƵǲľ磬ˮܿġ
ڤȻе֣ڲͬϲȻھϱ˿Ұнˮͨȭȭһˮľ硣
СԾ໥ȽϣҲŬˮֻ̫ȭģû뵽СѾͷʤˮѧϰȭϰ̫ȭʱҲž޴ĺôϲˮÿҲʱľǻΰ̬ͼ
콣ڻˮûٳȥһֱڼңúܳʵҲڵͼ֮ദˣһʼ񶼲ںÿ춼ճ
ܵģ˲׺µĺӳĺӳʱûߣĸǶ֪
һڼҿӳȺ꣬ܲҲҿ϶м䷢ʲô顣
ÿͬһʱʱѧϰ󷨣֮໥ϵСѾԸͬսѾó
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˵Ϲµ󷨣ָΪݻӦӦ׻ȸʥޡҪռȫӦÿ߸ǾΪ߾ӦǶʮ˸ͬʱʩչ
ֻˮԼֻҪĸ˾ͿˣҲ֪Ǹǲȱƺǿ
еĸ˽ռȫ߶ùõļǿ֮Ŀߣ˵ûӰԹơ
ˮҲֻĽһ£ϾﵽǸϺѣĿǰˮȥġ
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ϹʱڵĴʥޱԶķλվɣˣˮ뵽Լޣվ󡢻ͷ롣
վ֮Ӧúһ˿֮ѪˮҲǲ²⣬Ȼö˵ֻͷûͷˮѡֻһΪǿģǿʶͨݶԱЧҪãֻ޵ʵѾ൱Ĳ
ֱգ߿գ뿪Զһ룬ҵ˳ѾʱȥԷˣյˮֱгֻޡ
ˮѾоһᣬҪǷλԼ߶֮ˮҲֻڳԣվ䵱䵱ȸͷ䵱䡱ˮǳ䵱׻׻ɱ
ƺһжǰźõģպˮվ׻֮λ֮λôȻʵԶرԵص㣬λ÷ӵľرǿ󣬰׻λùӵرǿȸλӾرǿλٶȺرǿ
ΪΪ׻ΪȸΪ䣬ˮվȻԼ޸Էվãֻƺûиоûʲô仯
Ҳ򲢲ôվģȻһվ񲻾ͳھŹԷλĻϰڵģ˵ǾŹĻϡ
ȻҲڲųֻ֣ˮ׽Źպܰ󣬿˵Źһ󷨵ĻԺ󷨻϶Źңõ󷨡
Ź֮λķۣ֮
վλãȻ߶۵λãʽһʵͻ
ˮھΣоǺԼ֮ϡ
ֻλվá
ΪֻʶԿףȻʼ߶ĵۻۣԵĸоĹѸٵĻȻӿȥ
Ҳһᣬƾʱ䣬٣һɰķɢֱӽˮֻ޸ǡ
һ˲ˮԼٶȻ߷ʵõµҲܿ϶Ʋɱһ׻λɱ
ǿ󷨣治ˮһȻٶˮʶҲ״
ֻвŹ֮λ֮λû£ͻȻˮͷ뻻λٶûǰ죬ʵҲûǰ׻λӵĶ࣬ͻȻǴ˺սһ
ˮܣʵӲ٣ÿλضӻرǿˮĵĺֻڿ໥ϣվλرʺϣʵֱӴվҲУĽ˲;̤ԼͻǿԾӡ
ͷȻûѪˣڸСɽҸʴ˿Ƶȿϡ׻͡
ִ˲ˮһֱӵ磬мˮӾû


989 ҩʥɽ鷳
ˮֻޣޱȵ㣬ǿԶ׼ģСʺԼû뵽ԺԼһ
ھݴ½ͬһǿĴڣ˵Ҳ޻󷨵ɲŶһ㣬޺٣ֻһƤëѡ
ҪھŹ;ŹԷλϵĽŹҲҪֻ̣̫ӣҪ˼άܡˣֻСӾˣˮϵġ
СӾѧһԪǲһĽһʶһѧϰŹԼˮǽһЩ򵥵ľŹ
ѣǰǾͨŹԼŹͨǲɣԿˮ˵ܼ򵥣ڱ˵졣
ϣܺˮʶͨޱãΪ޵ǿʶϽǿˣѸȷĶԷҪ
ȻˮҲ˰󣬵ҪָǣʱʧȥЧĿܣˮԼޣϾʱܳˡ
󱾾ʺޣһˮоеˣӰѾŮܴϣܽճַԾ
ˮһʮ
ʮҲˮе붪ĿܣʮˣΨһþǴļǿ
ܼ򵥵ԽԽǿķֻӷʲôҲӡ
ˮ˿Լһ㣬վλҲ򵥣ҪɢֻҪ֮оУֻҪڣʱʮ˾С
ˮԺ£˵ʱȰ򣬲Ҫʮˣ˵ȽϱأҵĴȺʹãǿķ˵ʵҲǿ٣ҪԽ࣬Խǿ˵ﵽӰ֣ʱķ޿ɹơ
صҶѾˣպøϳ緹ˮˮֻιԷСѾͷ
һΧһһųϳԷܰģÿ϶ǹſĵЦݡ
극ûжãˮʶܵһǿǰæȥˮҲ֪˭
ǧϵʵֻмˡ
ֻˮɻʲôæȥԶֹķӰ³ڼǰʮײľ롣
˿ˮٶһȣʱˮ̧˹ȥֻ޴Ļܰ
ϸ磬ôȥˮЦǺǵʵ֪һ飬ȻӦòġ
ϵܣϸ鷳ˡ˿ɬ˵
ǻüëĻȥ˵Ҫر𼱵ĻǾ̹ȥˮȻ֪ʲô飬һһ˵ֵܳƺиҪģ˵ˮһ뿪ʱҲҪտһ£⽫Ǹõѡ
мʱ䣬ȥ˵ʹ˼üͷû迪ˮȣʲôΪѡ
ˮȴû̫ںǺЦϸ粻õģʲôֵܶƽ
˿ˮǿҲƽҺ󣬰Ѽ˽ܸˣȻ߽ˮ
ˮȻżˣʲôϸš
֪֪ݵɽ˿ˮʵ
ˮҡҡͷ
ɽݵһɽֻнƣŻῪһΣɽҩݵʥأػĸ˿ˮ˵
ˮû뵽һطÿݶĵطЩػ岻ػڵݣػνıأӦþЩػ崫ȥܰɣ
ϸ磬ǲɽĽֵʱˣǲᡣˮоȻ˲Լ
ʥݵػѾ뵽ݣɽע⡣εĿˮ˵
ػ壿ˮȻ֪һݶһػ壬ֻֻʣ½ˣû뵽ʥֱһػ塣
ţʵǿˣʥݲ֪жػ壬Ӧòڰ˸ﻷӣ˵Ʊ뺷һЩԵҩԱʥݵʵǱҲ˿ѷɫ˺ȿڲ衣
ɽĽƻжʱͻῪˮЦ
ϵܣҲɽ䵽֣֮ҸоǿҲһˣҪ㡣˿ˮ֣ص˵
ˮЦˣǰ˺ϣȻгǸˮʶǿԸܵԷ˵Ļǲǳڱĵġ
ϸ磬һ԰ƽ˵˵ɽжʱɣ׼ˮЦЦż˵
жʮ죬ɽڽġ
⵹ǲԶʱҲǴ´̧ͷ˵ʮǲᱻ˴ưɣ
ᣬԲᣬֻеһŻῪҿҲһʱ䡣˿϶˵
Ǻãһǰȥϸϣ⼸ǲϸ鷳ɣ
ᣬֻҪҲֹǣǲ鷳ġҡҡͷüͷ΢΢ɢ
ǾͺãϸҲҪȥǣǰһ߼죬һȥǡˮں˴һ
ţǺã֪ǧ˰ʵߣϵҪСġ
Ŷϸ˽ػ壿ˮоûбҪ˽ԷʲôʱҲԴС
ֻ˽һ㣬ǱʥݵıڤҺң˵ÿҶϳǧǵʵ˵ﶼִܡ
ˮ֪Ӧùòɣش󣬻ɽػĴӦúҪûɽƽҲػʧ
ģµġˮЦٴκͼ˱֤
ͿϵˣɽڿʼǽҵˡҲֱ˵
ϸ磬ǽ
ϵܱסɽҽմˣʧʲôҲûˡ
ˮͷ˿Ŀ˵ˮҲֻ֪ǰæģҲûдȾָΪԺҲõŽ
˵ǿÿҲѽģˮڻǺ⣬ʱ򿴿νɽеεĲһ㡣
ϵܣаգʱü˶ȥɽдһվŲҲԵֵһĿޣĵر޺ֻܶ࣬ʵеľͲҪ룬ֻʵѸ档һ˵
һˮȲСǺöϧſһ죬ĺõĵطҪһ£лϸ֪
˰ڰ֣ϵҪͼˡ
ãԺ˭ҲܿҶһˡˮЦ
ãԲƣһ
ˣˮĲƽϾǱʥݵػ壬㲻ɱ߶ԷҲñʥػ岻˭
һ뵽ʨ룬ˮоνˣˮµûĻʨӦҲһػ壬ȻҪʨ룬Ҳػ塣


990 ɱӺòã
ȻҪʨ󶯸λʥ룬ˮҲ⣬ʱ䣬ҪʵҪԱ࣬ȻҲ½ʵʵǿˣҲû˻ʲô
ػӦþҩʥˣÿٶһʥأӦкܶûб˷֣ÿʥʱ俪ĶͬҩʥŻῪһΣΣػ֪Ҳ࣬˭֪˭ͻ棬ûԸţΨһ̫һһܽȥξѾ൱ˡ
ÿһνȥ˶õ޴ĺôֻ൱һĿޣ似õһᣬ߻ĻԵҩڱԵҲ˻Եˡ
ֻݵҩʥΪʲôñʥݵػ֪ˮ֪ԭǲǻû֪
ˮо֪ҩʥشںͿʱʲôģӦö뷨ȥ߻ͨ˶뷨ϾȥһһҲı䣬һʲôҲеһҲԪһЩʲôĶָ
Щ˭֪֪˲Ǻ£ɱ֮˼һˮҲͲˣſһΣһˮҲҪȫȥ칬һЩҲȥ
ҩʥزȥ˾ͽȥˣһΣգֻһʱ䣬һ֮ڳҪд꣬д꣬޵ˣֻǼҲûг
ˮ뵽ԼоУӦÿҩʥһջΪ˭Ҳûһк³ġ
ˮȫ˵һ£ҲȥиԼ칬ĵӵˡ
ڶ죬˳ŷŽȥʱ仹ܳ㡣
ҩʥرԵıȥԽ࣬õԽ٣ʥһΣһξҪʱ䣬ֹֻûһ취ݣԼҵϷ飬ֱӶɱˡ
ӦҲȲԼˮ֪ӦڶʱҲԼʵˣϴżҲܿʲôȻҲרȥʱҲ֪ͬݣҲܰﵽɡ
ڱʥҵΪˮûиоǿʳֻǱʥݵػ壬еų⣬ܸоʨйϵһûʲôøС
ˮڸ˵֮ǲҪţСӸ֪ʲô֪˶Ǻ˷ܣֻǰҪʥݵػߣúܶȻҲˡ
ˮڵʵǸ֪жǿһҶӣ൱ĸӣѾоˣػʵǲʨӦҲһεģˮȴҪһ˶ս塭
һֱڽԶţԶԶıӭôˮǴڽԶľƵס£ֲˣȫס˽
ˮҲûٿȻ˲٣ƺҶԴ׼㹻ķ䣬һܺãλҲõġ
콫дˮˣ˶࣬Է˺ֵܶĳԵȵ㣬һЩҳʲôġ
ˮһ˲࣬ˡˮϻмҵһˣʵǧǣǼҵĶＧƷ磬ˮ˺ﶼᾪһӵġ
ΪˮûѾ֪ˮǿˮϵǸܲ׼ɲû˿ΪֱӰѵڶųֻʣɲˡ
ˮϸ绹еţɽڲûգиʲôҾҲԲǰ˿Χڿˮ˵
İϸ磬ҲǸçײˣȻ类˴ˡˮЦΣգˮһϣиѪصĿйԽϣⶫڱոѱʱǿ
ͺãЩ̫ǰԡߵ˵
˲̫̰ģβ̵һôʶ̧Ҳǻļβ뿪ˮ΢Ц˵ˮҲ˵ʲôɱˣӰգɱɱǾͲ˵ˣˮһЩɱ˴Ӳ
ˣһεʱӦû֪Ҳ֪ôͱڤҺ֪ˣһǰȥԷǣֻһ仰ҽҪҪҪҩʥء˵ֶڲ
Ǹߣ֪ûκκô벻ֻε뿪ҲΪûҼɵʵ¼뿪ҲûзӦҪҰ֣ʱԼҲ뿪ˣǾȷӡ
¥
ǽмҲǿǵλãҲڿǣʱ¥Ѿ˰ˣ˲ɱû˿ˡ
߼߱ɱԷʲôʵ
ڤ֣Щ˱Ҫ֪Щǲá
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һɫ·ͷȫڣɢţ˫ӥӥӣüëرŨȴѩ׵ģһ۾˸ое㲻Сڣе졣
֣үǶʲô˵᲻ֹݵ΢Ц
ٺ٣ֹôү⣬˭ֵܵһһҪڡҵϡҩģͻ۶
ôһѵûػ𣿡ڤͣƬ˵
ǺǣôˣǸͷǽģǾݵػ壬ֻǱҵүӾ˲٣ǲֹǵġ
ѵصģǸоеǷףȻݲǿϾһݡڤϵǵ˵
˱ڤ֣ˣʵˣڲӦþͲˡν˵
ˣˣȾƣмүӶš
ԣͿˣȾƣ
ϸое㲻̤ʵһ׷ͯյվ¥һͬɫ˿ѩ׵˵
Ǻǣʲôѵбǿˣޣʵгǵ𣿡ɫƽ˵
ϡ֮ȷʵɢǿһ似һ顢ûһǣһ⻬Բʯͷ
򣬲Ҫɱ޹ˣôһˣѵһЩ𡣡׷ͯյ̾˵
ˣˣɱ˻գգۣ黹ɱãɱӺҲٵ鷳ǸҲǺƽ˵
һ̾
ʱһͻȻ˹


991 ˭ţ˭Цɱ
һɱӺͻٵһңɱӺòá
Ǵ洫ģ˵һһվ˰У֮ľҲͰңңңԡ
ˮͼˣ˵ĳֺˮ˵ĻһǴﵽΪӲչԼʶʲôǿ֮˺Σʲôġ
Ϊ˺ǵ̫̫ˣοֻóǧʵһҲֻóǧǡ
ʵѾǶ⣬ֻҪܴع򣬾ݹ˵Ҳǧʵ
ѿ͸˺ܶ飬ƵˮҲᶯŭΪǿָͷǰˣ仰ѣ˵һǵ˲ôüġ
㰡ôҰ˸ޣ
˿żƽ˵ˮֻɨһۺϾͲٿֻǿżˡ
ˮֱĮӣԷǲмҲǵһαĮˣϰߣǸʵ±ȽϺã˵ôϻҲ¡
ֱó񣬵óʱ˲žĿˮоĿҲԽԽ
뿪ݣ⳥˵ʧǼΪֹ֪Ǹоòá
ˮĻٴ𣬴ʱܶΧۡ
иźܶ˴Тֻ飬ΪԷܰװ׵ǰѾˣʲһΡ
ʱеĶԻ˶ˣ˵Ļˮǰ棬Ļȳʱܶ˶ˡ
ڿ˵Ļ󣬵ȴǿԴԶЩӣεӣˮ뵽Լ⣬ҲܷߺޣǿرЩǰǿˡ
ͻȻֵúܶһ˶Ͷ棬ܿһϣĿ⣬Щ챱ڤҺѾŭˡ
˺ܿǺܶ˸ˮ͵ģǺܶ˺ñڤҺҹ
ߣ뿪
ɱǣɱǡ
ЩǿҺ

˶ĺСûκθоǿˮЦˣ˵Ҫԣ㲻˵ĻܿЦ𣿡
ЦҲܿͲЦˣһ֪˭˵ĻЦ
ˮҲƽ˵ȻŤͷż˿ȥ
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ʱ̨½ʮӰһվں棬ĸվǰࡣ
ͨԵĿǱڤҺңڤǰ·ǳɫģһĳɫ·վ˳ıرƽ˸оܺȺͣ˫۾ȴһѷźĵһ
ΪʲôǿˣԭǸޣͦǿģͦǿġ
ߵƽ۹ĿˮˮʵѾǧǣֻƺƮ죬ǶҲ׼ȷĸܵʵоʵ
ǲ²ˮĹԼرĸǾȵˮеɢİǸоˮʵ
Сӣû˸˷ʲôʸôš
һһɫǲ˳
ĪףҪ
ڤæ˵
ڤ֣ѵ㱻Сסˣҽ֪Щǲġ
Ī׻ͷˮ˵
ΧһƬžȺҲû˵ͷУϣ漣رǴѩТȺ
ȻǼôҪڡ
ˮںˣǲǱŴģʲôûмᱻһһʵ˼仰ס
˵ʵֻܴǧǵɱѾ˿ԴʵʲôҲģ֣ǿ֮д衣
ְɣûлᣡ
ˮĪƽ˵һ䡣

ĪһѪɫıˮʵѾ൱ˣӦҲ൱صˡ
ĪһǶһˣҺпҪͷһкܴԭĪҩʥͻƵģ˵ҵʲôġ
Īû˵еĳɫһᣬʱѪĪҲǱһŻһ˵ʵѸٷǡ
ţǧİٶǣǰֻһǧ˰Ƕ࣬ȴǱǣʱﵽӦѪɫĹЧɡ
ն
ĪնӰһţһ貵ĻߣڴﵽߴͻȻˮȥӸ£һѤĻ𵶴ӻлˮԴȥһɫĲ
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Ź
βţ
ˮһãһڶԷĵʵˮ̫࣬οˮʹþŹ£ɱ練ơ
ˮûɱǷӸ߿׹£ȺТ˵ǰ档
ĪױϣˤȥȻˤȴǸܶĪЩТһϣššţҪǴš
Īףһۼ߾ˣΪɱ˺ܶЩТļˡ
ܰЩТ˴ʱҲǺܰβסĵҸŭĻõͷţǻһֽޡ
Һͱڤ𾪣žǷŭرңǰǸƽƽĳɫߣ˫۶𣬿ˮ嶼ڲ
ǰǸ֪ҪҪ¡
ˮޱ˵
ҿ̵ȣҽҪ֪ʲôܣҪ֪һ
߳ͬһѳɫƱŰֱˮȥ
ǧ˰ǣ
ˮڵʶĸܵԷʵûһоΪǰߺܿͻ˲
ÿһеѹһ֣ߵһʱȴһˮȥеıһһĲӰˮұۿȥ
죬̫ˣ
ˮǸоһѹƣƺҪԼһϢʵ߶Ըʵ͵ãѹ´粽С
ˮĺȻһ˲ͻԷѹ
һ
ͽǧǵʵһӱһϧֻʩչǧǵʵˮڵʵҲֻǧǡ
Ź
ˮʵֱ˫һҧȫնˮ
뿳ұۣҾȡұۺˣУҵ˻ûܻŵġ
ԣ

ĺˣǶȼϱͲһʵֱӱˮˮŹٴһ̤Էʱ䡣
ԣ
ԣ

꣡


992 ɱ䣬ѩѪɱ
ˮֱ˵ҼϣֱӽһֱҷɡҲˣѪ쭣ˮٴһŹ
ԣ
Сӣң
һ˵պˮĴֱڶԷĿڣͬȥĪ׵ԱߣһϢһʱ䡣
ˮɱĪ׵ʱȻҷŭˮ߷ϵ󣬲ֻǷŭˣǾȣߵʵǱ˭ǶҪȡʤҲô򵥡
ķӦӼˣܶ˷ˣ˶άˮܶ˶ںɱĺãкܶ˴Т
ڤҺҵһʱе㷴ӦΪ̫ˣе㷴ӦڶǴĿˮ
ڤǰһЩЦǼܿһҲﲻŭûȥҵһǷϵ
ĪһǸ޴Ĵû꣬ȴҲˣһ¸ǶҵĽǡ
һзʱ̣ܶ˵ȴǺ٣ˮҲŲæǺԶļ˸۷ŲʵĿˮ
ݳôţݵĸ֣ԺҲҪˣҲҲΪı䡣
ֻҪһսݴһЩǿһʵͻ¶һЩǿļ壬ֻػ岻ǿǲ׵壬ԽȻ䵽ûĴڡ
ûôϾͬǾ֮һ
ȻܿģҲܵģĶԷʣµ˲һеսˮȻҲͶΪֻԸˮ³ȫûڶٶģˮܲܶԿˡ
ˮɱûһ˿仯ƺһ΢飬ҲΪľҵһʱҲû˿ںʲô
ǰǸ֪ܲܽܡ
ˮ΢Ц˵ǰûκα仯
ˮĻȴ˶ǵһ껹ôȴʵŴʲô
ʹڱڤҺһЩȻ£елλǿûг֣ǾֻҪɱˮӦû⡣
뿪һʹΡ
˼ǰü˵
֪ѾˣȻˣϢָܻ൱ڶһָͷȥǶϸ첲ȣ㲻Ҿˡ
ˮҲû뵽ԷľЦҡҡͷҪۣҪ⡣
ˮĻٴöԷĬȴٴκ
ɱǣޡ
Ӳֶβ̣ûԣ
ɱʲô£ȴߣӢǿ㣬ɱ

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˺ͱڤҵĴɫˮ˵
ҲãһϰɣҲûȥԷ
ˮ죬ѾԷҪֶԸֱԱƶԷ
һˣҲһһٸˣǻһ𡣡
ĲóԼ
һѪսѪУѪۣϼⲽһѪɫĶһ㣬һ۾͸оѳѪдһֲбɱ⡣
ڤҲڤҵĶǽҶǵ
治ҪһȺ˴˼һϲġ
ǣԶٻ˸ƽڣӻҪƷ
ү۴Ƥڰɡ

ˮһ֣
һ
ֻǽһϢŻɱǽˣҲܴǧǵʵڿһǧ˰ٶǵʵϧİ˰ٶʵûá
ڤҺԥںƨˣǹ߲ˣӲͷƤһΣ˱ڤٲ
ˣͷļ߶һ˲䡣
ˮŹ
ͬʱֱ֮סǼǿߣڻ֮ĿһǰֻһģؼʱҲֻһλʱ䡣
ںˣϾߵʵǧϣǧǣǰԷȫľŹƻϵֲסԷϽɱ
Ź֮ڣˮǾԵߣݵıܿԷĹһֱ֮ʽȫתһ֮֮ߴˮһһȥǺɨһ
ǳ˺Щˣˡп΢һģʵٶ۳ʵôԶˣǼԵϣͨһҩʥʵһ̨׵ġ
ЩˮһһɨˣȻսˮûٴлڣҪɱҪԷȫ£һθѣ֪ҲǺܶġ
ֱ߱ӽǧֻǧǵʵʣµֻǧǶһЩһֻǧǵʵͻȻıֱ˾Ѿǵ
ôһʧΧĲҽƺѾûжʲô̫Ӱ죬ǧǣôҲ޷ܣʲô硣
ǴܼߣЧһرСһ˼ľŻЧܶණǿԵģϵʯЧģȻûãǵʵѾﵽ޶塣
鼸˿ҵڻϱɱˣʬһĴӿеȥǰЩ˵Աߡ
ʱ⼸۾ˣ׽˱ɱһ˴ʱҲܲסͻȻǰ󽻴ʽվãһ㵭ѪоȻѩ
ϵܣСģѩѪɱ󡣡
˾ŵĴƺһ
ˮû뵽󷨣ʲôãˮǶԷɢɱ⣬оʵƺѾˮܸоЩԾе㲻ǱѪɫһΪһһȥ
ԣ
𿪣
ˮһ㶣ʶƺܵʲôǵʵָǧǣǧǣղһԼĹȻûƿԷ
ˮ֪廹Ǻе̵ģʲôѩѪɱҵɱˣǺö
ˮС׾ԶһЩо벻λͼˮ֪ҪƽԷ󷨣ȻһκΣա
ǰһˮ֪ĿǰԱóһ죬Ϊ֪ԺսܶڿУܶ඼Ƿϵ޵ƤëͷģԿڿУֱѸٵΧһ΢
ڵĿ죬ȻЧŹ󣬼ںõͬʱԷƺҲǽϣƮŵѪѩɱǿңΧһֻ޴ļһ
Сӣ֪һֶɱףʲô
Ǹ߷ŭĺֻͻȻˮΧ졣
ݴ½󷨶˲󣬱ѩѪɱˮСʮˣ֪󷨵˾Ͳ࣬ܶЩƤë˾͸ˣԾǱڤҺҲǲΧʲôġ


993 ԿѩѪɱ󣬿йԽ
ˮŶԷɱʢǺܵģ֪ҪƽԷȰѶԷǡӡƽ⣬ҲֻܴƶԷ󷨡
ˮȻûʲô飬Ͼϻе㾭飬ֻдǸһĶܹˡ
ǰıȻûҿˮҲ鰵ˣȻˮʹãϧûпһԴԲȿһǿ󣬰ڵ꣬ʤ㡣
ǸƺĿرߣԼ޷ԷˮоԷĹԿ͸ӹ
Ź
ˮֱӳ˵Ĳ棬Ȼֱһһ
ûõģûܴѩѪɱػԷˮ񣬵ԷҲеˮ
Է貵ĵֱӴˮɱ
ˮæԷȴӰһ㣬ٶȾȻҲǿ˺ܶ࣬ٴιٶ㣬ϰٸغϣһʱ˭Ҳκβ˭
ӣǣ˶ҪǵѩѪɱֻҪƣԻָǵʵģҿܳŵʲôʱ򡣡
ĺ
Ѿ군ˣֻʣǼԽԽǷŭļҲǽı˵ɫɢӿ񱩵Ϣ
Ѫ
һ𣬼ٴβһȫѪɫѾˣͻȻѪļֱһˮǰ
͵·һˮ
޿ɱܣˮҧ񵲣ͬʱѸʹŹ˿ǿܿǾŹһҲԲ
ǰѾ˺ܶΣ˵ģݹƻûƿǿļӣˮ֪Ӧֻ
ʱˮѾ뵽΢Уһֱ˼ֻԼǿ޷ơ
޷ƣ
ˮͻȻƺ뵽ʲôʱԷѾ뵽΢ˮŲԶȻڼˡ
쫷쭹޴ʯײǼϣûκα仯ͣѾҶˮ֪ǾԻ뵽ʲô
ǲǵˮͻȻڼӲԶ񽻵֣ȻѸٳһϸĻޡ
ž
ܸɴĳ˾޴ļϣһ󲨶ˮһȴЦˣȻǿǿҪϲ١
Ȼǿ󣬵ֻ޷ƵԷļӣʵԴﵽǧǶֻ࣬Ǿɱ֪ж٣ӦҲܵعưɣӦûûдﵽݵߵ㡣
Ļ޵Ǵһ״̬ݴ½ھĹǧǣڸоа취ƽԷļӡ
ٴγޣҲֻöԷļӲ¡
꣡
ˮĻֱתɻ꣬ۻһżȥһμӻζĺƺǲһ㡣
һüڵ˴󺧣ˮɱˮһֱʧ˵ţһƬ𺣣ǼҲˡ
ˮϴЦݣһˣֱӳȥȻгֻޡ

һˮվλȸλãλãйӡ
ƺҲһЩ󷨣ûжãҲӻ˳ʱˮȴֱӰ۵쳷
΢ֱʧ
˫ֱӱ¶ǰˮֻ޴վڿУԷһֻ޴Ѫһ


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󷨳ȥһ˲䣬ˮĻٴżȥ
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һһĲֱüͬʱ˵Ӱ֣ǵɫе԰ףѩѪɱҪǵıѪÿʹһζҪһʱָûܴɱﵻ߱Ҳû
֮
ûѩѪɱˮڵһʱֱٴһ֮ԷѾ嵽ˮǰеֱһһɨ
࣡
ʵ£ûѩѪɱټʵܵһЩӰ죬ˮ˵ǰЩѾΪǣСʹ괬
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ֱӳסһʵϣļӳ£ˮĻ޵һֱӽһ˳ĵɳȥһʹĲҽС
Ҳ𣬲޲壬һꡱͷ֮ͬЧ
Ȼõ湥ֻǰЩûʲôã¾ǼϻյЧǲУˮźܿͻǿˡ
Ź
һ
ޣͷ
ܿʣһڤҵˣм䣬гԼޣϧǧǶֱӱˮɱˡ
ʵпԲս޹ҲЩǿѱʦɡ
ˮˣѾûʲô־ˮƺѾûҲûжֵ˼
˱ζҪ¾Ҫۣһˮؿһһ
йԽϣ
˵üһѪ˿˫Ŀܿȥһصˮϣ綼ˡ
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ڤҺɱ˲ˣļ壬˶ϣҪ¶ǲҪġ
ôҲû뵽ݻǺ޻֮
һʧǧźޣͷĻᶼûС
ɱúã
ЩǧģɱǶǱˡ
ӰǶˣǶˡ

ϵܣ
ͨߵˮߡ
ϸ磬ˣӦòˡ
ˮǺЦ
ܿͻᴫҲû˸ˡ
˷ܵ˵
ϸ磬ⱱڤҺһûǿߣ
ˮܹʣ¼ǿߣǾĺ󻼡
ҲţǱűؽҩʥصͷҲûǣԼеǿȫˣʣµĶһЩġ
Ц˼˵
˵ĻˮҲɿ˵͵ģļʵϣԼûʲôҪǵļǡ
ϸ磬ȥ㴦ɣ
ˮЦ˵
ǽˮüȥˣģȥЩТΪ˹
ˡ
쿪ۣ

ˮҲżˣЦŽһЩ˷ΧмҵˣЩǮƷָǣЩ˵ĿռˮѾ뽫еǮƸܺߵģҲֻܰиˣҲȫẦǵġ
ȻرĺãҲԲҲܻýܶ࣬ܶ˶ӵԼǽ˸еġ
ȺɢˮͼҲ뿪ˣһЩ˴ЩڤҺҵ˶̧ߣ壬ԻǶ
صܶ˶ǰԺţܶ˶֪һҪǽͷͬҲǣҲˮľûܸı䡣


994 ɽǰϦ
һҶ迴ˮһ󼤶ػ壬ҲԼ˵Ļģϸƺû˵ʲô󻰣ֻҪ˵ģ
ԼҪ޸
һһҶģֱˮסʱſΧ˶Цſ㿴ˣѵõϳһ˿糺죬ߵĲʺ硣
㣬㿴ˮǰҶļˡ
Ц˵
ԭˮͼŴҴкˮҲǱСӣһҶɫһ⣬ֱӽס
ܱˡ
ˮקԼٴν谮СӣһҶҲСѾͷЦСѾͷôʱ䣬űһͲˡ
һҶҲɣϵȥĵĺЦȻһ˺ͼ˴кסͥԺȥ
ˮȻڴУǺܿģҩʥصĿʮңҪסϼˡ
סͥԺǺܴģһĺԺ²˵һڿţһЩȤ顣

һξȥˣ⼸ںԺ϶һһģü˶ǶݣŬļ岻ǿѣοˮ˴졣
ˮҲģһЩ˼һݣô˵Ѿ˵ֵ֮ˣˮͼҲ֮䲻⣬ģˮͼֵƣ˶һүӡ
͵ЩǼҲǾϲޱȣˮսڤҺҵʱ֪ˮжôǿôʹﵽʵȻԼǿ֮ˮľһ֡
似жһǸһ˻˵κ˶ᴫˣˮȴǸһЩ֪һ֣ʹо˼飬ͬʱҲӸоˮǿ
һ죬˺ͽ˳ŷ뿪ʱ仹м죬ôȥţõʱȡһʱȥҪ֪ȥһҲͻıˡ
ɽλڽȺɽشΧɭ֡иǿ޳ûȻûǰȥҩʥſһ죬ԺлԵȥģοнѹء
һ·һȻĿһǿķݣҲֻܿ뽫ǺԶҲͶ·ֻСӣ·ϻһ㡣
ɽһȺɽģߴֻɽϵֲ쳣ïܣïܵ˸ֲ̾ï׳ԶԶȥһ޴
ˮоɽɢһεϣһ˵ĸооɽʯͷϸֱᷢɽɫҪһЩʱ䳤һ㡣
ˮ߹ȥɽģĸоãʯͷ൱ӲֱóһֲŴһʯ
һɽǰ·ۿˮգСӶУҲóԣ಻ʲô
ͻȻһׯϵϢ̧ͷȥǰһεɽϢǴɽɢģѵҩʥؾɽУ
һ˽ɽȥˮ̲סǰһһôһ̸࣬ҲûеĻҳ
ʮҪʮ˲ܺϱʯӣڰٶףյǶһЩӣǺҲڡ
ʯѹ
ˮܿ췢ΧһЩֵʯЩʯƲһܹԣȴһ˿ѹ
һĹȦʣˮʶܵ洫һӦǷӡɡ
ˮҩʥصڣǷӡٹ죬ͻ򿪣翪ʮʱʱرա
ˮЦ
ŶȥǷӡʲôر𣿡
ˮЦ˵
Ǻǣӡ˵ǳԽ۵˷ӡġ
ЦźˮһǹȦȥ
֮ϣ
ˮ֮Ͼһڶ۵ʶǲֻ֪࣬弶۷ǧǣһ۷һǧǣ弶ϵʵô֣֪ƱҲ֪Ϊʵܷӵ弶۷塣
ԽԽܸоһεĿܣ׵ʱָ޷ǰһСӱһ޺Ƴһ
ʵõ۷ˮûܿǰһ֪ҡҡͷҲͲٳˣӡҪع򣬲ȻҲûа취ﻹֻܷӳǧǵʵ
ȻܽҪסˣˮɴϤһ»Ҳû
ҵһЩ˺ͽ˶ȥЩռŸģֻǶҰζر𼸸СӣԼȥȥ˲١
һЩСһڵûУֻڵŮ˼档
ڵȻСס´´࣬ˮĸ׻ԼŮ˰ãҵŮռȥһڵŮռȥһʣһȴǿˡ
ܿȥԵֻҰɽͼֻӡɽáɽЩ൱õҰζڴ½Ӳȱ֣Ұ޷ģݴ½ǺܶŮ˶ԣΪʲôģֻ֣һЩ̾޼ûΪŻֵһͿ
ȻҲ˳أ嵭Ҳ½ҲȱʲôҰˡزˡҩʲôģӪֵҲͣϲˡ
һֻһЩһϣˮջǺܲģҵһЩҲǲҰζζͲܿ硣
ǱҲͬҲǣ˫ǻһЩܶΧŻѣſһЩѪĻ⣬ÿ϶ǶЦ⡣
ˮ»мŮ֮ܣĲ˵

ܿʱȥˣǵӡȻû˿ɶҲ˵ֻеһŻӡǰһӷӡҲ˿ɶ
ڷӡˮܺ棬ϧǲ׷ӡô£ʥеǴȻ棬ݵֲԳһЩҲǺġ
ѾǵˣĻͻӡ⣬ԴҶڵţ˷ܣҩʥصĺô˶֪ˣֻҪȥܵһĿޣοҩݺͱܶ࣬˻Եˡ
ˮͼһ˵Ż
ˮȥҪäĿǰֻһʱ䣬ʮ֮ǰȫûΣգʮ֮Ͳֻܱ֤һʱ䣬һǰ
ٴκˮ˵֪ˮһ
ϸ磬ϴԶ
ˮЦʵ
ʥеʵûƣǧʵҲУǧҪСġ
ƺ¡
ˮ˵ɫ֪һΣգ߽Ӧǳǧʵġ
ˮ뵽ԼɾоܴǧǵʵʥҲԣԺǸԶַҲųǧǵʵ


995 ҩʥأ˵еͬĹ
һ뵽ˮе㼤Ҳ֪Ϊʲôǧǵʵ֪ܿս
ˮʵԳǧǴﵽǧǣʹñǽʱԴﵽǧǣжɵļùǿǰǧǵĹɵļʿǲС
ǽƱǰǿ̫ˣǰǻûˣڵıǽûǻףֽ׶Ҳǳǿڡ
ˮоһνȥҩʥأǧʵ޵ĻһҪսһҲľϲ
ҲԼսһЩʵսʵȹ̣رǺͳԼһЩʵս뵽ܽ
ǰΣգҪʵԭ
ˮɵ뵽࣬ʮֻѰԵСǱԼһֻҲܵõٱɡ
ǿӡˣ
ĶˣҪˣ
ڿҪȥˡ

ˮ˼ǰĹһ󲨶ǲһǧϵӡӣһ͸Ľһ
Խȥˣˮǽȥɣ
Цˮ˵
ãһȥǿ·
ˮ񱧸
ˮͼ̤ȥɽſڱˮ˾ŹԲ˽Լͷ
͸źܿʮ״СԲΣˮʹ˵ͣһ¡濴棬һûʲôΣգرֲݵػһЩС񡭡
һȥˮ͸ֺܵŵϢݣرˬݴ½ĿˮѾرˣϾǰĻ;ݴ½ʮǧˮо˼ɾһ
Χûκα仯ôһʱˮ͸ܵڷΧһŽˮһ
˴кܿȫ˶ٴκʹ˵һ£ȻżҵһЩ˵ǾתתסҪ߳ʮ֮⡣
ҵһЩѾӶȥҲеһЩڸԶߡ
࣬ͽǼҲҪȥˣϢһͿˡ
ˮЦóһЩӣ輸ɳʲôķǷһЩӳԵģٲ
Цŵͷ²ҲЦţں㡣
似ɣ˳տһ°ɣ
ˮȥðա
ãҾɣ
²Ц˵
ȫԶȥʮ֮⣬Ȼʮ֮иļ񵽺öļʣˮðա
Լ޶˳ѵõĻǳɳһ¡
ˮԼ֮ʶǲҪߵ̫ԶͷտͷߣֻˮʶеǸСŮ
ˮﲼһľŹ󣬸ʲôͽУֱܳȥȻ֪ļʺСûУˮ֣Ͼﲻ̫˽⡣
ҲΪʲôˮ޶
һУˮſʼ·˶Ѿڸˣһ㶼ǼһһˣϾһҵġ
Ҳ뿪ˣһܽ뵽һӦҲԣԭԽԽкöȻҲԽΣա
ΪΪʳͷճȣҪõ޴ҪðΣգпҪ
ˮõǱǽϾԴǧǵʵҪñǽٶҪϲ١
絤ʲôġݹӶ׼ãʶչˮȥ
վˮһһͷˮַܸ߲ӡĵطӦûڴ½ֻǺʹ½ˡ
ˮ뵽˽뵽ӦﴦǿޣӦǳǧǵģԲᳬܶ࣬Ȼز
չʶˮȥһкõıʲôģ٣ټϽ뵽Ӧþʮ֮ڻ֮߰ڡ
ܿˮ͵ʮ֮⣬һ̸оһɺǰһϢһΣյޣԼûʲôв

ˮٶȺܿ죬ֻһʱ䣬ʱ˷ڽҪԼʵļ޻Զһĵط

ʱʱ䣬ˮǰ֮⵽ڵϢ࣬ʶ֪ûΣա
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ͬĹ
ˮĿŲԶһɫС߸ߣԵĻĹʵȭͷСΡ
ȻĶȻĶ
ˮá
ͬĹǴ˵еĶֻʷмأ˵ûκκøУԷŮøУͬġ
ȻǴ˵ǰͬĹͬĹԺʷмصһģһмصľͬĹʵפʮ꣬˵ͬĹԵֻ˷ʳͬһϵͬĹŻͬģ˴øС
ˮֻԥһ£ֱӽͬĹժײڽд¡
ûаͬĹֲȥΪһͬĹֻܽͬĹȻˮѸ뿪Ÿȥ

İﴦˮһֻǿޣǿţ
һֻǵľ޴ĻţʮףףһСɽһ㣬ŻĻ棬ɢ񱩵Ϣ
ǧǵʵ
ǿţˮ幭һ޴ĺУݴ½֪ţ𻢺һҲѷɫĻûֻܳǿţġ
ˮҲսѰ£ȫʵᵽ۷壬һԾ
֮ˣ
ԡ
ȻˮʹĿűһ̲ǿţ
֮˸Ƕɵļˣùٴηǧǵʵý֮˵ʽǧǱҲˡ
ֻˮоеϧռƤëڵʲôģϾǧʵޡ
ֻˮһᾪӵģһаǿţʲôʵǿţķǿġ

һˮоһΣյϢŻǿӦˮäĿĿǰоһӦΣˡ
ʮ֮ǰȫʮ֮⵽԰ȫﵽһ׶ΣѾǿޣǰֻǿţ
֮ӦþرΣյĴˣҲΪֻһʱ䣬ʥӦò޵Ĵ󣬻߾ͷһڣǸӡڣǺüڣˮĲ²⡣
𱳾
ˮڽλÿһԲΣϱжʮʮˮһ߾Ϳˮľްԡ
𱳾ˮͼпʵ꣬ǳߺǾԵߣһںΪࡣ
ǧǣ
ǧʵ£ֲüˮһҪСģȻѾôǿޡ
𱳾׳ƣλڣӺԾľ޴Ӿһֻɫһ


996 ջķᣬ

һĺأ쳹
ⶫҲУ
ˮľްԡ
ˮ̫ģⶫޣˮеʵ½ҪǿһЩȴǵ½أž޴ӰԼŲæĽŲ̤
Ź
ˮ㿪еıǽֱһʽϽĿǽ𱳾ĸ֪ǽӲӵıǴ򲻶ġ

еĽ𱳾޴һڣ޴β͸ˮٶȿ𻨣оȻû˲ˮǰһϢ
βޣ
ǽ𱳾һɱУ֪޶βϣٶȿľˣоɱ
ԣ
ˮӰǽѸٵڽ𱳾ıһ㼫˿ΪǧǵĽ𱳾ԸѣֻҪغϾɱԷڿôףǾ޴β̫ɱˡ
֮
ֱһǧǵʵˮıǽټܵһɵ˺ǧǵĽ𱳾ֱӴǧǵʵǧİǣˮܵǲǧİǵʵ
ͬʱٶʲôĺˮ̫ԶˣӲҲûκ⣬ֱӳȥϽֱӴ
ǰˮϽֻϰһֱûʵսϽޱȣĴιٴù
ԣ

һʹĺаѪйͷѣһ˸ĳͱ𱳲̫̫࣬һѾý𱳾ˡ
ɼùˬˮٴγȥһ¼򵥶ˣм乥һν𱳣ˮ𾪵ڹ¾ȻֻȭͷСһ顣
ǿٴν𱳾ɣһΣм䲻ʵļܿ𱳾ſڵϲ
ˮҲֱӿƶǣȡڵͱĽƤֶȻƤʣ汩һ񣬿ͦ˳ۣó𾫵ͼתҵ·ҶţһɾС
ˮ£ô󣬶֮ѾˣˣڲҲˣս׺սȹϧڼס
ҲһջսҲΪˮ˲ս飬ͬʱҲǺһ¿ԶԸǿޣֶԸǧǵ޻Ժɵġ
ϾʵǧǣϾŹǿΨһˮĹǧǣǽ𱳾ĳǿֻڱʹλõʱܴЧ
ΨһˮռƵٶȣԲôսʤ𱳾
ˮһƬֻƬˮ;ˣöĽ߲ݺ߲ݣȻ˵һǣϡϡĿ
ռɾ
ˮܿģֶǼֵǣɾˮҲ㹻ˮѸٵռտʼ߲ݡ߲һռֻռ߲ݡ
ˮĶܿ죬ֻˮϵģܿͽһ飬Ѱ˳ЩʵһЩ
ÿһˮܸܵʵ΢ӣˮоСϾˮɾһ޶ˮ˵Ҳ첻ɾ߶죬ɾӡ
ʱŹȥ٣˵һأǰֻռ߲ݺ߲ݣһЩҩݣǧϵģҲǧ굽ǧģٶˮûˮһᡣ
óѸٵķŽУƽѾжˮ鲻ƽˣȻڴĶкܴڴ
ô˵Ҳҩʥء
㲻ʱ䣬Ͷˣˮֱˡ
ǧݻ
ٵ
ǧǲݣ

ݡ
ˮÿҩݣɫһҩݣӨ͸˸оһƷˮܼ
ҩˣˡ
ˮϴžϲЦݣһ֮ϲҩʥء
Ȼˮ֪ҩʥصҩĺܶ࣬رҩݣһֻһʱ䣬ΣޱȣԾǽҲǺѵõܺõı
ЩҩݣǶǽ𱳾š
޴½ʵֻܴﵽǧǣӦ˵ֻܷӳǧǵʵʥҲǺܿԽǧʵߣΪʵ˶ѡȥݡ
ȻҲһЩԽǧǵʵʥоϧ̫ˣҩʥظΣ٣αʥ֪ΪҺйܣѾ뿪˲û׷ɱǷһ·
ͻȻٴһˮһӣˮȵɢǿһЩ״ˡ
ȭͷСɫֻͨˮ֪ⶫǱҲǡˮܼͨȥ
飺ϵȫӣźǿԣá
ܼܺ򵥣ˮȴϲȻһ־ֵģһɵĶһԪҪ߾ʵǿͬʱҲҪǿĻԵ
ͷֻ࣬Ʒ˵ʹһԵģҵޣ˲ܷãȴǱ
ҩʹãѱʦĻԼ޷ãԭʲôҲԣǺһ߾߱ѪãʿԴﵽ
飡
ˮ뵽ԼɾˮصĴڣȰоٴδܿһʱȥˡ
õٵ࣬ݣˮޱȡ
ˣ
ʱ䲻ˣõĶˮѾˣʵֻݾ㹻ˣôĽ߲ݡ߲ݣһ顣
뿪ˮǰߣ֪Ѿʱȥˣûһˣ򲻶ϵĿ޴ĺ
ɽ֣ȻҲһ޼ʵƽԭʱ򣬵һҪʵǿֻΧϵĺŵ
ˮҪѰɱޣԾȥ֮ܿ⵽ڰ˰޶ᳬǧǡ
ˮо²Ӧ׼ȷ֮⵽һܴΣӦһģĽȼӿ˲١
ҩʥҲֵҩ߱ϲ޹ʵĵڱҩʥҪõҲҪʵġ
ת۾ʱȥˣʱҲȥһˣɫȴǲڣѺˣƺֻһ㡣
ʱջĻԣռһЩҩݣҪĻһʯⶫļֵܴ󣬶пʹã¶¼ҲҪ
һʱˮǧﴦˮѾͣǧΧ޻ǧ£ǧǣһʱֻɱֻޣһδȺӳΣޱҲûʹþС
ǲãǲá
վǧǵһɽϣԶһ޼ʵҰںԶԶľɽԲҰ
ʱѾ߸ʱʮʱвʱԥԥҪҪôе񣬵ȴޱȵջ


997 ʮͷߣʥ¹
ˮվվһʱ䣬һֱԥһ뷨һֱջھҪҪһ¡
ʹþǰһΣǱ߿Σʹþз
ǰˮȺҲûʹþܣ˷һεĻᣬǰľһڶʮ֮ա
һβףһ£Σ̷
Уи̣ô죿
ˮԺͷڼҵ֪ʲôǽѣǰһδ֪Եδ֪һȴֲʣֺǴŵҲţûˡ
ͬҲǺиʲôΣգһһǺڶˣˮվ
Ͼǧһ³ȥǶʮҩʥأͨɽпΣնˣиʧ
ԡ
ˮһʶеѾʼбķнסǽ
絤ݹӡЩһ飬Ȼҧҧһ̤
У
ȣ
ˮʶչҲ˲䣬һȴǷֺȣˮѸٵȥǺɫģһͨһоȡ
ͻȻˮëˣΪͻȻһεѹѹһŵȻǿУһĿȻ¡
һºˮŷײˣ˳һ˿εѹȥˮ
ͷߣ
ˮܲԷȷеʵǾ޴ӸտʼˮΪСɽڿ߿ž޴ֲͷˮ֪ײˡ
ˮɨԼǰʮԶһɫĲԾСһѩ׾ӨĹɢ˵㡣
ˮͷңǾģһ£һ˲䣬ʶҲǵһʱܵΣա
ͷеı۾Źӳ죬û޸ŹӣͻȻойϢȻԼǰ
ͷȻ۾˫޴˫ֱˮϣˮһͼתٶȼӿ졣
ȻҲ˲ᵽ۷塣
֮
߼У
ˮ֪õܣŰԼȻͷߣͷ֮ľˮ֪ʲôʵʷͷߵʵǳǣһͷʵٷһ
ˮܵʱȴǿ˽ǰĹӣֻһϳʲôӡ
ʥ
ӵﵽˮͷߺʥҲһ˲飬ʥԺʲôҲֱץȥ
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Ȼһŭˮһץסֱק£ʥҲϿήˮŹʩչʱͷߵľ޴βֱһһɨ
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壡
У
ԣ
ˮֱһһУֻǻǱǾ޴ġ߱ޡɨ»ֱӱɨʶһģ
ֲֲ̫ˣ
һģˮоȫĹͷˣҲȫûһ˿ʶͼ͸߼ûлԡ
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ʱӵٴγǹ֮תϹת޸˵Ĳλ
ˮоġǱƽʱûʲôãԼǿһ˵־ֻΣʱų֣ÿγֶǸıˡʱ
Զɽصǧ֮ˮڵϻûһʥ类ɾڰɽµˮĻָһҲûС
ͷֲ̫ˣǵһμ߸Դޣ¾ȻǱˣû壬治֪ʲôĽ
Σգ޻޵յӦҲĴڣͨɽɽϺرԭ
ʹþǰȥмֻһʱ䡭
ˮںܿģֵˣо΢ָһ㣬óһȥֶı̫࣬Ű꣬꣬гһ꣬ˮĲ٣Ȼöųһܱ꣬Ȳܳã׹ǵĶǾԵ
ָҪʱ䳤һ㣬һҲȫˮֱӳһƬָ̱ò˵ЩǿҩŲ˼ĹЧ
ǰǲɽȥ˿ƻһܿ죬˵Ĺͷϣܼ򵥣ҪǸͷָȴҪܳܳʱ䣬ˮȻѾ֪һЩҩЧÿλǸоرľȡ
ջָûãΧԶѾһȺǧֻˮֱӶ㿪Ǻǿÿһֻ۷ʵءʯ綾СҲһ߶೤ݴиʴԣ˵ʯҧҪӴǰֻ࣬Ǵͷģиģǽ𱳾ȺҲöܡ
ʱˮڸתתһصڣҶãвĸʱʱ䣬ˮ׼ڸתת
ߵˮߡ

ôѾͷ
ˮ˵ʲô
ȥѱֻޡ
￴ˮ˵
ǰˮ̫Զ뵽ģʱ䣬ЦŵͷҺһȥ
ǿĵ˵
ˮڣҲҴ⣬ΣҪޣӵġ
ջķᣬǰˮģǳʱȥѱǿޣǰǸõĻ
ʮȥĿˮǶ֮ڣ֪ѱǿʵ
ң˵һֻǿޡ
ǵ¹
ʵϾޣӵҲѱʲô޾ѱʲôޣοۼѾŲǡ
ֻ¹ףʮף˾޴޺󿴵¹оеСɢһ֮׸ߣʮ׳ҲСˡ
һϲòˣ﷢ˮ
ˮ¹Ȼʼԥһʼ¹ˮûйֵҲûܣھȻʼԥ
ŹŹֵˮ֪һֽԼԼʶ츳Ժ㽻ԼֻܺԼѱ޽ȻԽǿҲԽߡ
Ƭóˮĵ飬һţȻֱӶȥٴηһŹֵˮʹĿ¹ߵǰͷǵĲ
ǷЦ¹رĿġ
ˮ޶˵ʲô
￴ˮЦ˵СһһˣͲѱ䡣
ʵˮ֪ҪΪʣ޵ʶرﲻĵʣôҲûá
¹µ飬ܿʵٴδȥˮȵǾȻֱӴﵽһǧǵʵ̲סˮͨ¹
¹֣ѾѣԶʱڵǿޣóٶȣóػǼߣɳԼߡ
ֻЩˮһȣԶѪǿޣǸߡɳߣǸѣˮ϶ǷӵЧǰˮоûԡ


998 ǿޣ뿪ҩʥ
ɳҪԭǿ޽ʵԭģƿֹˣҲֹޣɳߵ޿ɵĶȹƿͱϣճΪǿޡ
Ѿͷ¹Ժǿġ
ˮҲǺܿģ⻹ˮһѱʦ޳һǧǵġ
ڵʵǿͷ벻߰ǣս٣ûмǿѱʦԼŮȴѾǿѱޡ
׬ˡ
￪ĵ˵
ٴ¹ĸˮЦſ˵Ѿͷ¹ڵʵľѱ
һ£ѱġɣ
𰸵ˮһǿڵʵ¹ʮǧһҲѱġ
ѱһ־ͨھޣ˵һѱʦľǺǿѱʦһ㾫Բرǿ󣬵ȻҲ⣬ֻر٣ѱʦѱԼǿΪ٣ѱʦ֮ͬȼǿڣΪǿԹԶʤ١
ǾˣõĻѱһֻԼǿһЩΪѱޣҲѱֻԼʵµ޳ΪԼޡ
ļǧ궼һľȻûеѱּޣĿֲѱֻ¹ҪĵλǧֻҪеǧ֮Ϳԡ
ʲô
ѱʦǿѱʦˮʱ䶼ѱϣˮԵĸܵı仯
һ൱һĿޣˮ֪ʲôʱѾǲһǵʵˣ۷壬һĿ츳ϾǰѾżĴˡ
ѱֻޣνǴˣһֻǧٶǵĽ
ˮڿ޵ʱҲľЭշϾѾ۷壬Ѿޣ¹Ȼʵһǧǣϵ֮ѪѾѣ߻ʮֻɵԼֻǧʵޡ
ˮ뵽ͨɽֻֻ࣬һαƵǱӴܣʵˣȴˣоͦġ
ֻȻͨɽֻҲһֻǽеߣ޵֣Ϊǿ󱻹ΪûԼ
ѱһֻޣһֻ¹ڶֻױţֻ͵ֻһޣҲֻ֣ĿǰûȫɳѾǰǵʵСֻ׳һ׸ߣƯ
ױţǸްԣʮףףͨʵӽǧǣױţʵǿ󣬵ǲͻ¹ϡӡջ󣬻˳ѱֻǿױţﶼǸое˳Ĺ֡
ֻڽʱսһᣬ¹ԴЧǿĻױţްԶϽһҲѷɫǿķԺͽȣеѩϢм١ЧҲ֣˵ţѪ
ţǴ˵еޣ
ˮ͵͵ĸ˻֮ױţ¹֮£һͽͨ˺ܳʱڳ
ǿӹɣĳˮֲʵʵĸоȻԸɱʵֻһǣѱǧǵޣһֻޡ
ͻۣۣǰЩӦú׵ıѱʵԽǿԽ죬ֲ˿ڲʮһɡ
ȥʮӦҲﵽһֲĴڣ֪Ǹʱûʨа壬Ϊˮ֪ɵжǿ
ˮޣ֪Ժֻܴһ׳ۣѱĲر࣬ԺٵΪЧ
ۼ޾ֻ￴ˮ˷ޱȣ֪Լѱ߼ޣû뵽ôߡ
ʱҲˣˮߣǿѱһֻʹ֮ˮ֪ѱ޵Ȼ࣬Ҳһѱʦʮ࣬ҪһѱʵԱǿܶࡣ
ʮǧʵܲܺʨ룬ˮ߱룬ҡҡͷˣԼһˡ
Ȼصսҩʥʱֶڣˮʶоʮˣˮûжʣ˿ĵЦˮ˵вӵʱ䣬ȵȰɣջô
㲻أ
ˮʵ
ǺǣǿɣҪü൱һĿޣһԵõһЩ츳Ժķչźܴĺô
ɵЦ
ǰĹһ΢ĲЦŴ˵ӡҪˣץʱȥ
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ʱһԼԼ˻𣬺Զȴһɫһͬȵˮ
ߣץʱȥɣ
ȻȵܿƽǿӦҲʮ֮ڵİȫ
ˮһ֪ͷߵսɾ޶
ܿ˶ҩʥأֹһӲʱ䣬ǵԽԽңָܿǹϤǿ󿹾ٴγ֡
߳ɽ沢ûˣϾεģ߳һξ룬ˮͼ˸ǣˮһȥס죬ˮЦˡ
ϸ磬Ժʱݳǡ
ˮ̤ϻϵʱż˵
ãЩʱһȥġ

ˮоһǰҩʥֵ̫ˣȻԼæˮﻹǺܸмģοҲ˽һЩֵýύ
ڻˮͿʼ۲˵ı仯һĿ޶Щ˵ûʲô仯Щ˵仯رĴ
ŮϢһ죬ǵʵߣ츳Ҳǵ񣬵ʵһЩҪǸоѾ΢΢СڶеĺҲкô
仯Ȼõĺô˵ˮҪ࣬ûн죬ȻǻԾֻǻЩʱѣһЩĺôǾ޴ģһһһǮһһһԺǮǲһģΪϢ㹻Ǯˡ
仯ǼСӣڡʥءһ죬൱һζЧʱǷ˾޴ı仯һں˵仯ġ
ʱһϹ˷ܵɫΧˮĵ˵ʲôˮŹʲôġ
ˮڻϣһ߱һգˮߣˮ㡣
һҶ˵ʲôƺ˷ܺܿġ
಻ʱĿˮٿԼ΢΢¡С¶ҸЦݡ
뿪ʱѾˣųûжͺˣҰ⣬ҲûʲôֱڿտҰӪˮоϵĵƺ˲١


999 ߹ı仯ʥ
ڴӪµĲݵأǰĲƺҪ࣬СֱǺĲݵˣ
ǿʼ˶࣬϶ȺĴһտʲôģǼ˳ȥֱӴһЩҰޣƤú󣬻ŪС顣
ǰһЩЪŻ飬ˮǳգ붼Ҫѧֺܶ඼ޱȵˣҲǺϲѾѾѱʦҩʦΪЩȵҩ
ˮΪ˼ǿǵͬʱҲǵʵܵĶһ㣬ϾˮԶһ
ˮ»ŮԼࡢ²ټϼСӴһȦΧտţҲΧտֻˮ࡭
޺չ嫻иϵ˴һҲǲϵĴˬʵЦ
ҶһҩʥصõĺôͬʱҲڸ̾طֻͣһ죬дһá
ڴҶ֪õĺôһоֻһξ׬ˣҵʵֱ˲֪ٸ̨ס
극ˮԼгҹģȻԼû鲻ҪԼͽɾ
ȥˮʥĽж˳мܷĽн֮źãҪóˡ
ⶫˮ˼ɾˮе߹ʹãɾҲΪ߹ԭһ
ôʱ䣬߹һֱǺܰˮշֻ޺ûٹܹ
ˮϹıˮ߹飬ֻǱѾϹ꣬еĹܺ͹࣬Чƺͬһ֪һȴǿʳãЧҲ֪
ˮƬ̻Ǿ߹ʳãýվʹõģһ뵽Чۿ۾ͷˡ
߹꣬ˮ߹ˮǺܲ׵ģһߺһֻ޹һһ֡
Ӻ߹зǿҿĹâһˮһƺǹпһϣѯʡ
ˮڿԺ߹ʶһûʶҲܶͷ߹ֱҧס飬Ȼֱһ¡
ˮûֻ߹ɳʲôǿޣֻɾػޣһĴڡ
¹߹ܰˮҲǰĿһյʱȥˣ߹갲һơ
ˮ˼ʱ߹귢һ̴ٵĽܹ죬һͷβͻй׷ӵĹ⻪
ˣ
ˮ߹ڻͬʱĻеɾˮأûüͷԼüһȵϢ
ˣǣʵ
ˮĿŻڱ仯߹ꡣ
ôҲû뵽ԼʵƺǿΪѾֱʵ˶ʮǣѾʼˡ
ֹͣˣˮűǰ߹꣬ԭҲʮ״СʮˣͱϹ߹꿴ӵɱϵķ²ˮڴûʲôʵֱӵʵ̾ѡ
ϵᾫɣ߹ֱӳΪʵ޻Ǹое㲻˼顣
ͨȥ
߹֣꣬ԶѪһ˵ľļٶɣܵľ˺
ˬ
ȻǲܲսˮоˬˣµǾ񹥻ҩʥͷߣ㹻ǿĻһӣ;Сֱӹϵ
ɵľļ٣ˮĻ־ãܵľ˺þ˿ˡ
ʵȻӶʮǣˮʵһʮǣĿԽԽˡ
ɾǰ˲һˮо߹׬ˣ߹Ӧûûг꣬Ѿ۳ʵԪֻÿֲݣɾʲôҲõġ
Ȼ߹ͷˣɾˮظˣˮؿС͵ĺһˮоرгɾ͸С
ٿóʥˮܼܵ˵һջľʥǱй֮޲
ֶֻ˽ֻʷеļأʥҩҪκαҩݣֱʥУȻԼ߲ݻ߲ԼӳɹʵĶ
ʥǴ˵еʥ޺඼ʹã˵ʳʥΣգΪһ˶ܲǿʷвнʥҩƳʥ
ˮûԥڸоľ㣬߹þļٶɣҩһ޴ĺôѾǿˡ
߲ݲȱˮһʥ̫ţֻһţϾʥױȣһ˵õҲ޷ƣҲ޷ʹãȻн߲ݾˡ
ûн߲ҩʥĳɹʲҹάʷжغܶ࣬󲿷ֶǲϧκδչ߲ݣȻǿҩʦҩʥ
ˮõ߲ݺɣʵȻһεõ߲ݵλнҪгͣһθ˵ˣǧǵĽ𱳾ػ˭ܻڶʳ
ƣһˮڴܶƳһЩʥǰʵֽ΢СĵλʥӨ͸ǵҲֺ
ˮ׼þʲôģʼƣɾʱҲŸոտʼѣ³ָžŰʮһҲ±߳ȥ
תۼһ¹ȥˣ
ˮмѾĴ¾Ѿȫʥܽ⣬һˮ֪ҩʥѶȣ¾ǾҲûмܳ
ʷмЩʥҩʦÿһǳǿڵʱǺһһҩʦǵõʥҲֻ޲ߡ
һ¹ȥˣ
ڻѾ󲿷ɣٳ߳Ųȥɻȫβɹ
ҩеʱһǿı־һһһ죩죩죩ġ塢ߣʮ죩˰ˣʮ죩žţʮһ죩֮ʱԽҩԽǿԭҲǾԵġ
ֹ죬ˮȫעĶŽ¯˫΢İڶѾСƺҪĵز

ϤöʱˮƽֿϲȴѸӿһֱеĻϨˮȥ
Ȼ˯ǾϢһᣬ¯ȴҪһʱ䣬㹻˯һˡ
ĸʱˮ׼ʱص۷ʵ
æ򿪽¯ʱһɳԵϢĿඥƺ㣬ֲȴǱκζ񫡣
ʥѩ񣬾Ө͸ֻлƶСɢʥĹΣˮæóʵĴƿװȥֻʣһ
ʮ
ˮǾȣʷмһʥƳʮʥ


1000 ǿʥʵһ
ʣµһʥˮֵܼʮŲһ룬ʣµһֱôƿܷˡ
ʣµЩҲװһƿǺãҲܷ⣬ʱ򿪣֪ܷǼʮӦʱõš
ˮųϣʥ
ͨ
ʥʥƶɣӱʵ޺඼ԷãԼѪ츳ÿֻ޻ֻ޳ţЧֻʵſʹãпܾϡ
ˮֶһ£ǿ󡢿£ʥƵĵҩ뵽ͷػĶѾ뵽ǿ󣬵Ȼˡ
˺һᣬˮƽǿ󣬲ֻдﵽˮƽʹãһҲǣǺܳסǿҩ
һֱ˼ãŵҩͷ롢񡢽վ߹꣡
ȻվͻıʵûдﵽǣӦö۳ˣοԽվͻѪûκ⡣
ͷʵѾˣ߹ҲǣһвõģǳʥһĬĬĵš
뵽ˮֿǸпԼʵԼǿܶ࣬ޱǿö࣬Ժʵĺܿ죬оԼٶȲر죬оӦҪˣѪʥǿѪ
ˮҩһЩ࣬Ҳһֻǿ޵ġ

ˮû뵽жǽվһĺرĸ߰һֽҲֻһƣȴǺܺ
վϹһȻǽʢܿ죬ˮڵĽվûʲô仯ͷȴ΢һ仯ñǰе΢΢ĲȴǴ׳һ֣Ӷһ룬ڿҲ˳ۡ
ǿ׳һ񱩡Ұˮֻͷһ仯۽ֱӿȥ
վڱʵֱһʮǣҩʥ˲ǵʵ
֮սõıʵ
ˮһ֮ԭӵıʥǺöѪǿȻž޴ĺô
çײ޲𹥻ʮĿꡣ
̤Բ磬ʮı幥
еȻǿ
˲֮˲Ծ
ս˲һɵԷǿɱĿɵٶȣʱ
շħʩչ֮ڵĿ꽵һɵʵʱʱ
ͻվ˲䷢幥һĹ
棺湥
ڽվ֮µʵʮǣǸˮһ㶣뵽սˣǷʳԪõսֻһֱûʹãڽվ³Ķһĺɫ档
ĻֻǽµһˮҲ˽վվƺҲûù
վѾƽֱһʥιȥʱϵĳɫĻѾɢȥ
ɫٴγһЩѾȫΪɫʵѾһʮǣҩʥʮǡ
ڤ죬սģӱıʵʩչһսļ룡
ûб仯ˮѸٵĿ꣬˱һʵ⣬ûκα仯ˮٴιһʥ
ﵽһʮǣڤ´ﵽ߰ʮǣƻﵽһǧǣѪǿ޵ƣֻҪʵ΢ӣɱ
ʳ֮ͲڼˣԼʵӣˮޱȡ
ٹһʱ䣬ͷҲ˾޴ı仯忴ʵʸУʵѾﵽٶʮǣҩʥʮǣԪõ屶ʵʵֱӴﵽһǧٶǡ
ˮҲٴιʳͷʳһţˮ֪볤ԴӦúѣͷͷǸµת۵㡣
뵽ͷߣƺЩͬͷߵʵǣͷѪͳߵѪҪϺܶ࣬ͷ߱ͷҪǿ󣬻ͷҲܳɳǣ֪Ǹʱͷ뻹ͷͷ롭
ˮ뵽ͷ빵ͨһСŮоͷѰЩͬں˼ʱվٴɫĹΡ
ˮӣʥܶԽվĿڣƺҪѷɫһЩڴĿڵĽվ
𾪣
޴ͷˣǰȻһȻһθҪǱһûˣѾ˵׵ӣǰĽվƽʱѱҲоѱϵɱ⡢սǿңսޡ
ȻѱˮǰҪ񿥣κ˿˶оĽľ޴ʮ㣬͵ͷ­
վڵʵʮǣˮĵ֮Ȼٴһ屶ʵ
ʥȻýվ㷭츲صı仯ĵûб仯һ֮²ཫһǧİǵʵçײͽͻùﵽǧ˰ǣçײǹʮĿ꣬ͻһĿ꣬ýͻе㼦ˡ
Σվı仯ˮѾرˣվ޴仯ֱٶʮǵʵЩʵˮĸӻûʱڵγɵҲ൱Ŀɹˡ
ˮûԼԵõʵĸӣҲǷһ߿УһȦɫĹֱӰѻ
ܿǳɫĹμɫˮеڴͬʱҲеŹ֣ʲôеĸоΪɫ𽥱仯
ɢȥǰǻĻȴȫ˺ɫɫҲǰƯˮСӺ¡
񿥣ˮѾܵɢ⣬оǸо׺ˣȻˮ˵ûʲô仯
ıʵﵽʮǣڤʱˮЦˡ
ڤ죬սģӱ屶ʵʩչһսļ룡
ڤ屶ıʵˣһڤ»ʱﵽһǧǣվ֮ڤͷԪǱܣģԶЧʩչ൱ڱʵֻűʵԴӣֱʵ̫ˣЩǿս˵ֻۼ޲УһΪ࣬ԽıȽˡ
ĵûб仯ˮѾˣڷ»ɱԴﵽǧǣֻʱʹƣʱ䲻̡
ڵĻˮ⣬ɫı仯ѪѣⱾǺ£ֻϰ˻ĺɫͻȻɺɫīɫе㲻ϰߡ
ˮ׷ʵܻʲôɫֻҪǿУȻûб仯ͷ롣
ѵʥһЩѪЧǿ
վֱ֮Σԭڵ屶ڤԭıӵڵ屶


1001 ǿʥʵ
֪ͷ᲻б仯ԪѾӱʵ屶ˣţͷб仯ˡ
ͷĴСƺСһȦ˸оʵֱͨȥ
߹껹ûзӦˮ׼ͷȥ߹ʲô
ˮһ̾˵ʧͷʵѾﵽٶʮǣûκα仯ʹͷʵҲﵽһǧŰٶǽǧǣǴʵ
վͻıʵͷԲһ㣬зս񲻵йӱг˺ǿս
֮ˮ뵽վıս½ļһͷǿޣ˵ǿޣоվҲԽ󣬵Ӧòν
ͷ˶Ǵ˵еĴڣûжֻ֪ǿһֱԸǿޣʹ˵еʵҲǼֲ
׿ЩˮˣǿһģѾ㹻ˣܵ˵ˮ⣬ֻ߹ΪʲôûзӦ
ˮߵ߹˹ȥһԭѾֹͣˣֻƺûκζϽȥ
߹֣꣬ԶѪһ˵ľļٶɣɾ˺
ʵǰǣڱǣҺһսˮĵЦˡ
߶ӱʵ
ڳˣˮûκα仯߹Ѿʼ˱仯Ͼ֣ڳƺѾˡ
óһʥιȥǵڶţˮϣ߹ǿ²μսҲϣǿ
һη߹Ϸ˹ӵĹ⻪ٴʮףﵽʮ״СƽˮĵĿ˹ȥ
߹֣꣬ԶѪһ˵ľļٶɣɾ˺
߶ӱʵ
ˮЦˣͻȻ滹һս
һһ㣬׷Χ֮ںһѹѹ塢ӡ綾Ч˵ʵйϵ
ˮһĺܿ죬߹ʵһǧǵʵ֮ǰǵʱûУʵ۶ʱųܡ
ˮ޴½ععһ̶Ҳѹϧ߼ĺȻȴǲܴƣһҲܡ
ȻȻǿ󣬵ʵƺ̫ɣ֪߹һܲӦܰɣˮܼΪǸ׷Χ֮ڣӦԼΪİ׷Χɡ
ģˮֶе£ħźʨ͸аա
ʱ仹㹻ԼվԼϥ£תϹǿʱϹǿҲǾ٣ǸȻӵʵرĶ࣬ԭʼıúܴ
״ָ̬ʱˮֱú俪Ѿ൱ɹ۵ţʱһɰըҪˮڵʵѾ൱ǿ󣬸ʹҲȫעĽԼҲ൱ĳ
ˮԵĽ׼ãԱʱֻ裬ﾭһɿ񱩵ںֱײеľ㹻ǿ󣬺ȻͲɽ
ˮ߼ĺȻͲɽһ˾Եأоһһαܼѵȴˮһ㡣
䣡
ںϣǽվһֱӱˮͬɣ׳Ϊˮ
ʮǶһ㣡
ˮп񱩵ٶʮǵı
ȫʵһ𣬶ʱһɿ񱩵ϢӣָоǿţڿֻתʵҲﵽһǧһʮǣϱǽѾǧǡ
ʹĻڿһ¿ԴﵽǧǣϧعӰ죬ʵֻܷӳǧǡ
ˮ֪ʵ˵ʵͻᾡӣ޴½ʵǧǣһǱʵǿմˡ
ʱҲˣóȥˣʰãʥˮص㣬ٷãһǾ£ʵ񱩵ӹʲô⡣
ȥѾɫˣԶҵ˺ܶѾڳˣûп̫ССѾͷԸģղˮҲģһַʽСѾͷƺܺǿͦʦװġ
ˮһЩʥô߻ᣬֱļֻ޷¡
ʵӲ٣ֻ޶֣ܲرǿ֣ʵҲ˺ܶ࣬⼸ֻǿ󣬱Դս˺ܶ࣬϶ӶһʥŴһӵģñʵǿ󣬾ױţǧµıսһʵӱҲǸ޴һ¾ܿսǿ֮
ˮҲ֪ͷҲǿĴڣӦģʹҲʵǿ˺ܶ࣬ԭһǧһǱʵڵһǧǣ裨սԭһڵĶʵһӽǧǡ
ˮܵڱʵǿմˣҪսǿˣӦþѪԭɣǽ߽ġ
ˮ뵽Լվ֮ڤ죬ٱȽǿܶ࣬еǿҲǺܶģҩʥصĳߣߡߣǿľǴ˵еľͷߣͷҲǾͷߡ
ļֻޣˮõķ¹ļֻҲǺǿˣ԰һˡ
ιʥǿ֮ǸУĽʱҲǹԹԵģ޺಻ͬر֪һ׼ǲᱳѵģֻҪ㹻ؾͻᱳѣҲ޴ԭɡ
ⵤҩǿ󰡣
ΪЩ޶ޣĸܵ޵ı仯οԺǽȻʵûдﵽۣڶһЩ۵֪١
ǺǣŬֻҪﵽۣܷʳⵤҩʵԴ
ˮЦ˵
ģ
ﾪϲĿˮ
ţױȣܿ죬ｫҪӾݵġ
ˮЦſűԼ첲Ů
Щһֱ׵Ů
·ʱѾҪˣˮûȥһ㣡
Һܶ˶ĽʱܿģΪˣˣһ㾢ҵĺȡ
һҶ΢ЦſˮСѾͷɳĺܿ죬￪ɬȻﲻ˵֪СѾͷ֪ĸ飬ӦʲôҲ֪ˣ̿ҲҲ׼š
ֻĶ⨺˲֪ˮ֪ǿ඼֪ƽʱСϷһ㲻뿪࣬Ӳ󣬴ûкʲôս
ֻˮ֪ڵֻĶ⨺Ѿǿˣ־Ǳͷ뻹Ҫǿ󣬴һδԹҩ󣬼ϲʱιʲôЩֻˮ֪Ѿ۳ڵޣ⻹ڣ˶ɳˡ
ֻҪûΣգԹԵ˳ޱȣֻˮʱŻẦµĶ㵽ÿʱͻˮ䡣


1002 һɳ죬һʵһ
ˮĶ⨺ʱֻС⨺ıʵﵽʮǡ
սıʵģ
ˮһοֻĶ⨺ʱֻ֣ܿʵҲСޱȣֻһʵʼ츳սҲǿʼ֡
鶯ʶٶױȣǻߵļ֮һ鳤ױȵƣɵľ
Ϊ鳤ޣ°빦ЧԹ㲿λһ˺
սˮǸ̾Ľ㵱ҲֻǿСȴû뵽õĻԵҲ֪Сһֻǿޡ
￴ʲôô˵ҲģҲֻֻ֪Ķ⨺ﲻβܲ
ˮ΢Цŵݸʥ㣬ʱιֻСӣҲС
Ҫ·ˣˮʥǿҪһһ˵ĺףֻСӺܺãˮ˵ⵤҩСкôһСӳԵġ
гʱ˶һΪһλı仯ʵ̫ˣɫ׵ıɫȻҶϳǻ񣬵Ǹо˼顣
￴Цˣ֪ˮֻҲǳֵҩӦǷ䡣
һֺļʣǺ£ΪһֻҪ䶼ʵ츳սʵߡ
ļʺܵͣʮֻвôһֻ䣬߼ɹˮһ£ڵĻȴǷûзӦ
ˮͼŮ˳Ż
·ٶȲ죬иܻصˣʱõһǣֺǣ
˼Ҿ¥һֱӰѶһֿҲֻһϵʱ䣬һ˳ȥ䣬żСЩ
СϲǳˮǿĵЦݣҲܿģˮˮߣС̫С̫࣬ױסߣˮͱ
ˮٴνɾ
ڽɾǰཫʥιĶ⨺ºŽȥģĶ⨺ºҲƽˮֻˮԿСһʵ˺ܶࡣ
ӦôҲû뵽СȴǸսްɣֻǿޣˮ˭ġ
ˮ׼ҩ

һҩˮֱʹ˽߲ݣʼʹõģʹˣԼҩȻţڵĽ߲̫ˣһʧһҲܲˬģݵޡ
˽߲ݣȻ˳Ƴţϧÿֻܷʳһţϵ߷Ӷɵıʵӱʮǡ
ˮû̫ʧоһƣǵһŵȷʳʥڷԶһЩڿˡ
ڱ嶼ٶʮǣҲʮǣֻʮǣҲڵˡ
ˮıʵﵽ˶ʮǡ
Ķͷˮһֱɾñʵȹ¥ѸߣҪΣҲҪΣھڼΡ
ɾºˮʳһʥ
һˮ֪ʲôָͣо·ҪըһǶôʹ࣬ϿΣյûʲôֻҪʵﵽ۾Ͳ¡
ˮʳһźĸ򣬰ǣʥǰԵʵ˰ǣˮǣܴԼŬһ
ʥʥ
ˮʵʲôӰ죬ºˣֻҪϤ¾Ϳˣͣ˼ˮֱٴγһš
ʵİʮǣеĽȭͷСӲӵģʵʸӲĽ
ˬ
ˮеĸоֻݣоһµĸоţһ־ͣһո˵ĸо
ʵİʮǣڽ֮ջͽնˮֱӴﵽŰǣȻɽ
ˮֻ״̬¾ǧǵʵϱǽʩչϽ¿Դﵽһǧǵʵ
ˮȻǰ֪ţڻǾôģǶɵļʣٷһ
ʹƽ״̬Ҳܴﵽǧ˰ٶǣһʱÿζһǧǣҪʡ
عˮ뵽عΣǰû뵽̶̵Ĳһʱʵٴη˷츲صı仯
ʱоعܺãΪл֮ҲΪţȴǷֱعƣԼƺرĳԿ
ɾˮڿлӻŴʱʵÿһιĶһ޴Ӱ籱ǽһѾ޽Ӱӣӻ־޴ĴӰŴܶ౶ǵصѹ
ǻΣλһֻǱΣˮеıǽٴλӳ
֮ˣ
޴ĽӰɱһſдȥʧڿС
˺þòͣʵعҲƽΪˮл֮бǽԼһܵ˺
ģΪʵľӲȴر㡣
ˣǸһ
ˮ뵽Ʋסˡ
ǵʱɾ
ɫ΢΢ˮ뿪¥ƫԶʩչС
һ
ţˮֻʶ˵ҲΪһģһ˵üһһɵϢɢ˲Χƺһһ˲ˮоеıǽֱһϽ
ˮˣ
ǧ߰ǣ
ôôࣿ
ˮܸоеΣˮоǧǻܽܣܸоһôôǿ󣬱Ͼ߹һǧǵʵ
һ£ʵ벻ͨˮҲͲˣеĿϲģǧ߰ǵʵԼѾûʲôˡ
У
ص¥ҶˣԹ緹·

һ¹ȥˣ
ʱѾа˸µˣҲ࣬ˮȥһν֪ΪʲôԼܴǧ߰ǵʵˡ
ˮʱʼ˵ʱί񣬾ûܴǧǵʵˮĻʱ˼
ԭֻʵﵽǵʱ򳬳ǧǵһʵԷӳһɣһһǧǣǧʵĲǧǣǧǵһǣҲһһǧǵʵԷӳǧǡ
ǰǧǡǧǵʵȻֻܴǧǣ
ֻдﵽǲſԴһعˮʵһǧǣҲ˵Էӳǧ߰ǣһǧӦһġ
Ȼ֪һǧǵʵˮǸоһǿ߹䡣
ˮҲһ㳬ǧǺͻ뿪ޣȻ޴½ûʵ˭Ҳ֪УˮҲģҲӳǧǶѡ
عԭǾԵģҲ࣬ΪûԸｫʮһã


1003 
ˮľʨ룬֪Ǹɵǿʵʲôʵħţˮĵޡ
ΪˮоʨħɣӦûмɣΪЩ˽ޡ
޾˵ӿ죬ʵҲǿ˵ԼȥޣԷ޹ܲܶԸ
޵ʵˮиʵ߹Լûа취ԸҸʵĻϷëǣޣ˭Ҳ˵׼
ˮٶˣŬԼʵݻޣմ
յƺƺ㣬ûˮҲ֪ĿǰֻлǿԴﵽǧǵɱϧعԼֻܷǧǣҲʱʵһ㣬ҲǧǶһѡ
֪صѾһˣ඼˸µˡ

һǽ£
ˮڷת࣬ҪˣѾʮǰˣһк˶ˡ
࣬ˮ֪ʲô飬еţǿģ࣬Σ˼仯Ҳ໹ǻһ콣ڡ
ˮܿģرкһû˵Ůǹ¶ģ¼޵ңˮ˶ܺãȻ¶ûаȫУΪˮһŮˣҲһֱߡ
ӿĲµǺѪˣˣһӻˮԼҳ׵ϵѪףѪŨˮĸ顣
ǰ˵ûкӵĻǲģǸĸ֮ŦǼ塢ķ٣ޱûйϵҲ䵭ֻнŻ־ãûкӵĸҲܱ飬кӵַҪһ
ǰй飬кӵķıûкӵķҪٵĶ࣬ӰѸĸһ𣬽ĲŻøµһĸ顣
ۣ
ˮʱһ߿ˮ̽䣬ݡ
»ŮڣʱһŽĺӣǴﴫ
ˮڴߣ֣ŴʱһҸЦݵŮˣĺ㣬ЦŰѺӽˮϡ
Ǹкְɣ
¿ŶЦ
ˮŹСӣǰ³СǺܳҲ⣬һ㶼ǹһʱŻƯȻҲһЩġ
ˮʱͷ۵ģСһҲǣ۾ܴˮСһ࿴š
ӳͽɣ
ˮ˵Լһ
ԭԼսôţЦЦ޳ɣˮĺڽʲôоҲǺܺá
࿪ĵĽˮ֣СһѾ˯ˣ˿û˾Ͷ뿪ˣʣˮ໹һ˯ŵСһ
һöԪһʮȫ¡
࿴ˮĿ⻹СһϣϵҸˣԼŮҸˮľȻƽ
ˮôҸʱ򡣡
Сһգϵµ⣬Լˮһ
Ժÿһ춼ôҸһҸҸҲܿġ
ˮ˵Цº͵˵
ʱˮֻǸСˣȴǷԼСһһָı䣬ǿǿŻֱ仯
һֱ˯ºˮ뿪ȥһ࣬²ĸһֱڣ˼죬ߣֻǹһŴҾ͹²磬һι²һùͬ䱦
ոչȥһҲûлذǣµˮͻһ룬ܸߵûдﵽǷ켫оҲͣ弶Ǻþûˣ͵ҩһͼ޵ľԪ鶼ûʲôãˮԼһЩǺǿʹãޡ
ˮǿ޳˻Ϊյз˺мӳɣڽվ޵幥ûʲôá
޵ǿԣϧʵʳʥԽʱʳѩʥ뷨ƾԪ飬ֶֻļʲǺܴ
ϾҪͻۣӦòһ£졣

裡
칬ɽˮҵһ﷢һҶ衣
ôһƸУҲҡ
ˮЦſŻعͷһҶ衣
ˣöҿˣҾ￴
һҶЦЦ
ˮƤץס֣һֺĸоҿŲʳ̻գߣһ𿴡
һҶεˮһֻۣˮͷ
Զһ֣ʱѾˣѩ׵滨һ۾˵
Ҵȥʨ롣
ˮһʵѾԿ϶ˣҪȥħţֻҪǰͻ˵һ¡
֪֪֪ԼĸȴϣˮĻʹȥһħš
һҶ迴ˮаˣ
Ӧÿԡ
ˮҲðա
һҶ̾˵
үǱʥݵּң
ˮ˵
׭ҵּң
һҶ迴ˮʵ
Ӧǰɣҵүӽ̵ģʵݻҲвٻ׭ļ塣
֪ʥݵּڷ׭ҪǿһЩ˵ǵķǿһ㣬似ĵȼһּҵķ׭ȼһЩ
ּҲǱʨϮˣɢҲ֪ʣ¼ˡ
ˮҡҡͷеΡ
һҶĬ֪˵ʲôá
裬ʨ˽Ķ𣿡
ˮʵϾһҶҲСˣҲǾйˡ
֪࣬ʨӦǱʥǿɣҺܶ࣬Ҳܶ࣬˵ǵЩв˶Ϊ½뿪ˡ
һҶ迴ˮ
½ɣ
ǰޣ
һҶ͵
ˮ뵽𰸣е𾪣ʨĺܶޣ֪Ǳ߻Σ߻ûйϵ᲻Ϊ޵ʨܵ˺Ǳ߹
ΣһҪŬΪǱˮҲҪѶԷϣһֻҪһͨҲ΢һʵϾֻҪʵһǵǲֿԷӳһɡ
һˮ
ǰʥݣ
ˮһεĿ쳣ᶨ
һҶЦЦûʲôûаգѾ͸ˣҲֹ֪סҪˮһǿΡ
һҶ۷壬ҪͻƵۻҪһʱ䣬һҩʥصõСĺôˣôʱҩʵѾ͵ࡣ
ˮϣȥʥݵʱܴﵽۣˮݸһȻЦ裬ҸѨһΰɣһЩʵ
ֻ˵еԥ
һҶ迴ˮɫ֪һԭ򣬿ˮƺ˵
ǰû˵ΪʦѨǲ·ʱǱ۾ġ
ˮеκ˵


1004 ʹֽ֣Ѩ
ˮ˵仰رĲҪصŮˣ뾡һҶʵۣȻʹʥ
ǰ˵ʱˮҿ۾˵ϵĿܵԼĳ⡣
ǰǲ˵ģ˵ΪŮˣǵһֻһеˡ
һҶ迴ˮ峺˫ۣһ΢΢ͷˮĵҩǰ˿ܵǿ
ʵ
һҶᡣ
ˮһ֪һҶ˵ĲǵҩǽѨȻ˵ʵģһҲеֻһ㡣
ǲСʱ
һҶ̧ͷˮЦˡ
ţŮСʱ콣ڵʱͰˡ
ˮ΢Ц˵
ԺҪΪҵŮ˾Ȼˡ
ˮֳĬһҶ˵ںͺʳ̻һֱֲµŮ˵Щʱһ˵ĸо
ԽԽˣ˵𡣡
һҶһĨΣ˵Ŀһ˿ֱˮֽ˽
ģ
ˮһֻűЦĵҲһƬ죬˷ܵѪҺԴá
ˮҵʵһΣƺҲ̫ࡣ
һҶ΢΢ҡҡͷ̾˿˵
Ůˣвʳ̻ҶаĽ㣬ѹԼһأҲһᣬô꣬ڲŷеû㣬еҩҿʵ٣ֻҪۼܷá
ˮһҶ轫е뷨˵
һҶһĺҴﵽ𣿡
Ӧò࣬취Ļ֮Ӧòࡣ
ˮ˵˵ʵ˵˫֮һ֮ھʵ
۾Ŀ𣿡
һҶ׵ˮ˵
ߵ˫˵ˮε˵ܿ
ʵҷɡ
һҶ˵ֱ뿪ˡ
ˮűεЦЦŮ˶ǾĵģһĺҲǣСʱʵᱩٶȻӿ죬˵СʱЧãһҶģҲû⣬ֻеΪ飬ΪˮǸˡ
һҶӦˮ֪һӲ޸ˣˮЦˣŮߣ¶Է㡣
һ̬ı仯ǰŮԼ˵ĻĻѡ֣Լˡ
ˮָ˵ǻһҶ׵ӣһĨ˵⡣
ˮԼķ䣬Ů˶֪ˮңûǲȥˮġ
ɫ磬ˮɾʱһ㶼ǵڶһһֱ΢΢ʱʱ䡣
ԹеȥԺеĻԼˮһҶķȥ
ǵķ벢ԶˮŮ˵ķˮ䶼ǲԶ϶ţмһ䷿ѣķ䶼ܴ󣬶һСʲôġ
ˮһһҶķţˣ߽ȥֱˡ
ǸС͵ĿŤͷһҶվڲԶ˳ĬˮǸоеֻЦЦȥʱ㲻ǺƤҲҪɺƤ
סȥ
ˮһҶеҲʱĻᶶˮҲǸпһŮȴһֱ
ˮһֱоһҶڸŮֱ֮ܵ䣬ĮȻˮЩʲô顣
ܽţ
ˮһҶζ˵
һСƺҲŲš
һҶ迴ˮζһ䡣
žͺãʵûʲôŵģֻҪû׼ǲʲôģʲôʱ׼˸˵¡
ˮ˵
һҶȻûʲô飬ϵǰˮǹŹֵɫҲ֪ˮ˵ʲôûİˮһۣҪס˵Ļ
ȻʱһҪý谮ң»֮ҹҪýҿ¡
ˮƵ˵
ȥɣ
һҶˮͷһ¡
һյҲˣߵһҶңҾһȾѩĴԼıио
ˮûмžҪ룬ǲʱİϸ첲ϡϵѩϰѹһ
ֽ֣
ˮַǸҲ֪ʲôʱһҶѾˮУֻĳˮļ򣬶ˮ˫һҶıᴷС
ԩңס˵ĻȻһҲ㡣
һҶ˿˵
ˮһҶڵΣҲỳĻǰôô˵ʲô»֮ҹ
ǱһԩҸѪڣһһҶſˮϣǰļͦĵֱӼѹˮؿڣѹȺ͵Ծˡ
ˮȻ˵Ļһַʽ֣˫ָϻԲΣ·Ҳܸܵϸ塢ָоԡ
ˮ
һҶѾһ㵭ˮʵ
ҲģǰѪ𣿡
ˮƤЦָֻӿٵһҶ
ˮͻȻܵһҶһ彩Ӳһ£űǰҪľûйͷһ

ʱһҶպģ۾ţĽëڶҿˮ
ˮû뵽׵ŮҲֻֽҪʱ乻ڲеطŮһַʽõ㡣
ˮıסЦ˵ҵô
ȥϴ裡
һҶѸ뿪
ˮһֻһҶӵʱһҶѩ׵ԡ㷢ɢһַ飬¶һЩ˪ѩӳˮۻ
ˣ
һҶˮ˵
ǰ棬ҾǿҲֻܿһӰǰҲҲҪС֣ŷԺҲҵġ
СӣҪƶˣ֪ɣҼȻҪ˵ʲô𣿡
һҶ迴ˮ
ˮһЦֽ⿪ԡչ¶ˮǰѩϸļɢһĹ
޳ķ۾ǰļͦһգ˶ȴǱͦһΡ
ó룬ˮؾص룬ûбܻʲôһҶȴ˫΢գͨ죬ˮҲˡ
кܶѨǴڰ뿪״̬Һֻܶһ߾ҪͨˮܿģЩѨͨһ޴ĽʵսʵҲ
ۣ

̱ԪǱܡѨӹ̾ӹ̵
һ¾һʱȥˡ
һҶϽʱһ˸鲼ȫȻҲˮ׵Ľһ飬˽ܵλñԵҲ룬ĮȻһҶҲβ
ˮһȡʱֱȥϴˣûҿˮ
ˮűӽ


1005 ͻƣˮǰʮ
һһҶĺܿ죬ҴĳֻɫӨ󣬿ˮҲе
оôʲôʵˡ
ˮЦ˵
ʵˮҲ֪ˣǸ⣬ȫʵ񽣵ĻԴﵽһٶʮǣڶʮǣļӳɣļӳɡ
һһҶһʵķԾһҶЦŰʵˮˮûʳ
ڷе˷ѣˮҪѱʵӵֱһʵĵҩҩǰûʹùġ
ıʵʹﵽ˶ʮǣʳʥ
۵ıûг֣ӦúǷ֮йϵɣˮ֪һҪŮͼϵŮ˲ǿԺһЩ谭ͻƵıϡ
һһҶıʵﵽʮǣʥÿſӰǵıʵʮǡ
ڹһҶʵﵽ߰ʮǣֱʵﵽǧٶǡ
һҶɫĿˮһãˮߣֻǶ̶̵ʱʱ䣬Լʵ˷츲صı仯ȻмСմ˲Լıˡ
ˮԼ֪һҪΪʥʵӰǣ̫ǿˣֻҪǿʵͿԺܿͻͽ
ĵȼԽߣԽߣͻñʵӵԽǿĵıǿģˮĽ֮ջͽնˮԼȻͲɽ
һ߾ĹӱʵĶǺǿģĵļƵˡ
һͼߣʵǶʵûʲôֻӷƷӹЩ㲻ϡ
ˮЩľϲѾ̫ˣһرĲ˼顣
ңǵҩԭǴҩʥģҩϧÿֻܳţ޳Ծͺˡ
ˮЦЦе㷢Ů˵
Ѿˣֵҩֹĳȥƻع򣬺οԽõĵҩҩҲԽǿ
һҶ͵Ц
ϢɣѺһѾʺˡ
ˮҪɾ
һҶͷЦˮſڣˮıȻ뿪صԼķֱӽɾ
ʧˮһҶϳһ˿ҸЦݡ
ۺʹõͿˣˮҲܶģǽΪԭıоǱǽıҲǺɳɵġ
ûöʱ񽣾ͶˣһμһһЩ󲿷ֻ񣬶ӻ񽣡
񽣵ԱʵһɼʹⶾʲôҲӣܵ˵⣬ıҲǺܶ࣬ˮмʹһǿҼʺܴ
һҶͻһʼڻв׺¡¸¥Ҳ࣬Ҫһʱ䣬֮ھͿȫﵽۡ
ˮһɾֱӶʹõ϶ࡣ
εչԽԽˮڻͷǰΡ
Σ
ˮɾĿһлֻһֻ޴Ӱһľ޻ɱ
أ
Ȼֱѣһ˲ɢɱٶȡѹֲޱȣѾȫΣȻϱǽ񣬵Ҳ൱ˡ
ˮϵĴεĸʽˮ⾳ҲߣʱڻʧҲԽԽ
ݹǰοеһ֣¸¥޻ΣҲ¹貽εĹٶȣѾͨҲﵽ˻ξ磬ʵ㣬޷ﵽȫΣ˵ˮʵߣͻȻһЩʦͨʹڻϹƺ¸¥ľ粻£硣
¸¥ͻƵۣӦÿȫΡ
һˮľŴǣԼԼĸоݹҪǰεĻ
һһǲһɾʱ䣬£ʣµʱЩģм仹ҪƵҩ;޷ˣԺܶʱ˷˺ܶᣬҲǷһԭ
ȥѾˣٵߵԺʱ̫ȭõġ
ˣ̫Ҫˡ
ڴ̫ȭˮЦ˵һ
ˮЦСԴȻҸλʼСѾͷѾ޿ޣҪҪǧ飬ϰ飬ɣҲЧķ
緹ʱŷ˵ǣСһ˳Ծ˯Сӳ壬󲿷ʱ䶼˯һһʱѾǺܲˡ
ˮͱˣζôá
΢Ц˵
СӣζȻôãûʲôζСӲʳ̻ʱ仹̣Էﲢûʲôζ
ζ𣿡
ˮɻĿࡣ
ЦЦûУ
ˮȥʱСһ
ʮͻۣıʮǣľӶѾһٶʮǵʵˡ
ʥӵܾõʵ죬粻ȣʥһĵҩһĵҩӵʵҪʱĥϣӵǷʵıԼġ
ʥĳ֮ԼģԼȫĿƵģͷ·žһһʵƽʱŲ豭û£һþͻʵûиϵĽˣƵӦֲȫա
ʥһֵҩıʵﵽʮǣĵֱٰ߰ʮǣֱǧǶһʵ
ʥǿ󣬵Ҳ벻ˮġ桱ǹǿһҶʵԲһǧǣ۷塣
ͻһҵʵʵķ׺Ҳͻڼе㣬ˮĺܿģԺپͲ̫ļˡ
ҺǿΪǿ߶࣬ˮƾ赤ҩǰҵʵȻ˵̶ܴǿûҵʵͻر𣬵ǿ߶ǿûܶǿҲǰ˵ʲôޣûǮʲôҲǣǷϻҲ˵һ㣬ʲô취ҲãֻҪ򵹶־ͺãܿܣû˻ȥʧߵɣʱʧûл˵ɵġ
ȻҵʵӺܶ࣬޷ҲԺƳǿûƵҩʱɣʥֻ۷þͺˣҵĺܶ˶Ϊۡ
ֻչˣˮѾˣһҩʥѾ׬ˣԼǰʮꡣ
ǰˮžü˶죬뾡һа취Ƴ𵤣ֻΪԪ
׷ͬʱҶ߶ѾˣվλøˣҪֲһˣĲˮ֪ҪҪ֪㡣


1006 Ķܻͻƣ
֪Ӧһ̬Ҫ֪㳣ֵ̬Ҫвķܶ׷Ӧòìܡ
ҵᣬˮֿʼˣǲǸȥ˵һˡ
֪ģˮҲ˵ģֻħйϵǻԼ˵ģҲԼ˵Ļʹȥħſ
ˮ֪һܾû˻ԼĹĸ׵࣬һĿҲ౻ߡ
Թ緹ûµˮȥһ󿴵ڴ߿淢ˮƺûз
ף
񻶿Ľһͷŷ۵СѾͷϲ㣬ܹŮһʱ֮뵽˺ܶࡣ
ԼһĸĺӣĸԼûһԼΪ飬֪ݺôһĸҡ
֪ԼĸҲĸŮԶ䣬ֻҲᾭ뵽Լĸǣֻ֪ΪʲôԼȴԼ
ĸ˵Ҳ¹ӦȲѲԼİɣҲΪʲôĸҲ˵ĸĸӦΡ
ôҲ֪Ǹʲô飬ϣǣȴеǣҲе뿴ǡ
Լûһֻвϴŵһ壬Żĸ֣֮ûκֻ̾
ǰЩˮŮĳ˼ŮȴƽͬʱΪĸҲ˺ܶණ
رǰŮһԼʱеϲáԾԼĸѵɼǻ𣿻
Щ뷨ܿԺ˸ţһߺŮЦţˮԱߣЦſǡ
ŮŮ˻øǿĸԵǾ޴ģرģˮڸоʱ˵һ˵ˡ
ʵЩҲ֪ˣ뿴뷨
ˮЦžỺ˵
˵ɣǻʲô˵ġ
Цſˮ
벻֪㸸ĸǵϢ
ˮСѾͷ˵
̲סһû˵һ̾˵ȻңҾѾûκιϵҲڵĸĸģǲĸĸ
ˮŻ޳뷨ʮ»̥ףôףֻʱΣĸףһֱԭĸףôĸ׻ܣĸҲΣҪΪһԼԵʹҲ޷ı֣㡣
ˮСһֱŬҪӱĲֻҪϲĶ
֪Ϊʲô֪Щ𣿡
ˮЦſ
常˵ġ
ȵ˵
Ǹֵ𾴵ˣȻЩûʲôֻһֱ˵Ϊ˵Ҳûãͽķգֿϸ壬ˡ
ҺܺãǸͨȴõĸס
ſĵ˵
ǵģһȥʱ͸˵ˣһĻĸĸ
ˮŻ֪뷨
Ҳǡ
һ˵
ǵɼĶ㣬ܿء
ˮ΢Ц˵
һĿˮ
뵽˺ܶ࣬ҵһЩҲ˺ܶ࣬ˮĻԼƽΣǶԼĸĸ常ĸģСûԼǾԼϡ
ʵϲ϶һģԼԶǵŮһ
ˣ룬常ϣܺϣˣҾʹȥһ¡
ˮЦЦΪʱ꣬˭Ҳ˵
ˮ߳˷䣬Ҫһʱ俼ǣˣʲô֧֣֪ĻˮͲȥˣֻҪ־Уˮоȥġ
˵ҲȥҪ˺ܶܣĸĸħŵˣħŵĳˡ
ȻԼȥħſһħˣӦþǻϵǿ塣
ȥħŻʨ룬Ҫʵܣˮϣʱ߹ʵһЩоԼʵҲҪ󷨡
ʵԺȥǧǲʵһǴعʵˮֻҪʵһЩܶ෢ӳһ㣬ʮǾܶ෢ӳһǵʵ
ˮ뷨췢ӳǧǵʵŹ󷨵ȣ֪ɲԶʵˣܷӳǵʵҪǵʵ
뵽ˮˣˮоʵӦҲܣǿˮҲǺ£оиѪصĿйԽϻԼɱﵡ
ԴԼʵرǷʳʥ󣬿йԽϵʵҲǷٷչֱˮľѪģٶȻ޷ݣˮʵԽǿѪҲԽǿ
ʱҹˣ
ˮʮ󶼽̸˼ˣÿ춼һЩʱϰɾʱˮҲ̿
СΡ
ͨȭˮһεɾ֪̿Ѿʲô磬ΣѳԲ硣
ͨȭԲ첲ϵѨȫͨˮһֱͨɽбԳӰӺͳȭĶ
Щˮһֱģ£Ѩͨ˸Ӳ٣ҪһЩѨͨĺôֻѨͨӵǵʵ̫Сˡ
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ˮûüˣϵĶܻȴԶתŹ켣һ·ֱӳ忪֧
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ܻ
ˮһֱΪֻܻΪѾܾúܾûˣû뵽⵹Ǹ¡
ܻǿĻЧһļʵĽԻˣܻҲ壬ԿϺȻʹãҲϲɽйͻƱƶʲôĶž޴á
ĶܻˣƾǶһɵıʵʮǣˣˮ֪ǱڵĹЧܴܴ
Ҳ֮ϲˮϲָܻоҪ֪սͻȻ˵ʱҲһͻ״̬ǸʱԳûɱ֡
ʱʺСˮöܻˣϾٳ֣ϣʱܶΡ
һµʱ䣬׺º͵ͻˣǰ죬ʵһҶ費£ˮˡ
ʱˮս׺սȹý𱳾ıƤģˮ൱⡣
ͷȫɣǧǵķ
սѥٶɣ
ˣ
һüŮķԭĻһ룬ﵽǧ£ʶҪǲǿҪ֪𱳾ƤڵʱˮȫǶ²ŵһС飬ɼôǿ
ҲˣǰȥħţʱҲˣĸº׼ǰȥһˮ׼á
Ժ飬ҪȥħŻҪȥʨԼԶַȥѰҵ۳


1007 ɵ⣿
ʱһһĹȥѾˣˮǰħŵʱôȥԼͻˣǴԼˣ
ˮһʱԾˮǺͻ£Ҫ̫Сһߺóʱ᲻ãҲСѾͷ޵
ˮȻǰҲ֪ΣʱԲСѾͷţСѾͷصĲġ
ˮоǴһǰȥɣڹؼʱ԰Լһѡ

ڵʵѾˣҪźܶǿޣʱһ
ˮ뵽ʮֻɵȻҲֵȴǺܵͼˮ㽫ֻǿɵ㵽ۼĻӦÿԡ
ʣµļֻȴ޷ˣĻ̫Զ
ֻҪɵۣܵʥСǸµĴڣ𵽿ֲãһֻҲһµĴڡ
ˮʲô⣬а᲻öŮֲðա
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ɵ۳ȥˣʵӦúǿˣˮоֻǳǧô򵥣ľ̫ˣ뵽õͬĹ˵еĶ
˫ˮһֱһֱûڳʱѰңˮоӦȥ˳ɢɢģϣ
ˮ²⣬ٵȵȣоȥǿ½һ˺ѣǴҲѣ߸ô
Щʱ䣬ˮڼƻøı䣬ˮŰǸȥһǿ˫ڲ׼ͨɽ
ѾͻۣԿѱǿˣˮ׼Լ޵ʵҲ˳ԼʵΪȥħ׼
ˮŮˣҲǿʹþУٶȾͿ˺ܶ࣬ڻʵٶȿ̫ˡ
ףر֪ԼһңǰˮԼĸף׵ˣǲıģҹùÿ͸ߵһǿ϶ˣֻ⡣
ǣ
ٴˮдֱȥ޹Ĺ￴ûпϤķӰȥʦҺݼҿ˿Ȼȥ̡
̷򸾳Թˮ͵𵤺ѾǸߣڰʦҡݼҡڣοڰҲһǿĴڣһûʲôˡ
ˮ߽̣һֻ֪һĸϢ
һȥպÿ常ĺڸ˵ű
ˮˣǣ
຺ӿĵĺǸ˵Ǹ˹
Ů
ȵǰˮԺͽдţӱ߱Цʵðɣ
ãҺһŮʱǡ
ˮЦű߱˵
úãֻҪģǱʲôġ
˵Ѿ˺ԺһԺͿǸŮվڲԶǰ˵Ļˣһˮĵ˹
Ѿͷкˣ
кɫ˵ľϲ
ĸҺиŮˣ龫ֵ
ˮ˵ҲرĿġ
һҳĸȥˮԥһźЦٹһЩʱҪȥħһˣ֪һЩĸϢ
ˮĻһȻˮú˵аˣ
ˣ
ˮ϶˵
аˣҾͺ˵һ°ɣ
ͣƺ˺ܴľġ
ˮû˵ֻǾš
ĸǷڵĻǷҪķĵӣĸȴħŮħޣںħ׵ˣڵжв˸飬ǵ鱻ںħ֪ԲѰѺӸͨˣҲҸͨˣҲ֪ôҵңݵԶҲҺԵְɡ
ˮź˵ĻȴһҲˣû˵֪˻˵ȥ
ںħŶ˭Ҳκβ˭Ҳƴױ̵ҲһΪǵˣħ֪Ů÷ںħ֪Ϊ˭Ҳڡ
ˮڲŷûʲôʵĺʵܴ
ħ޻صԵɾ˵ͱ㣬˫ų棬ˮ㲻çײŮ֪ѾͷӦúܿģçײںħ˫ԲͷѶȾڷںħǵˣɵ⣬ĸһ졣
˵Ҳ̲ס̾һ
ˮҲĬǰΪһħţû뵽һˮɶ˽ڣݵɡ
ȻҪˣǾʵʵȥˣûвɵ͵ģ˴ˣ˭ʹ˭뵽ˮоҲûʲô˵ġ
˵ѣΪħźͷڵĵ̵ж֪еʱ䣬ˮ׼úʱ䡣
ˮﲢûڻͣþ뿪ˣȻֱžɽȥ
Ǻׯܽɽׯ΢ϵλãҲԶڻĿٷҲһʱ
ϧľˣȻֱӾУ
ɽˮоͨɽΣգߣݵģԺܶžɽΣգ۱ʲôӦûͨɽ࣬ûԸΣֲôɽ
ΣյĵطԵҲǰȫģ԰ȫģһЩׯʲôģҪ⸽Ȼżֵ⣬Ҳøȥǿɽɽ
ˮһʼǰٶȺܿ죬һֱǧ֮Ѿֶǧµˣˮڸо½֣Щյصһ㲻뿪ԼķΧһЩҲԸ뿪Լڵĳǻ߿ƺһЩʲô
ʵսﲻֻѱޣоѵʵս
츳ܺãѾǿĴﵽ󲽵ˮƽչˮ󡢾Źȶ̸ѾǺˡ
Ҳ־磬ͼʱǲѣÿһǼǧԪһ㣬úӦ䣬ҲǾ


1008 ɽµı
ˮھɽĿĵǰĿҵʵսսˮս޵ʵʺ˭˭ҲʺϾ뿪ܣΪǾɽһжпܳ֡
ˮϰȻ޵ʬ¶ȵõԪļʻһ㡣
Ϊ˵İȫսΪʵսʵսʵ죬ˮＸÿ춼սжȹ
սõľһЩһЩĶӱɵĹٶʲôҲ㲻ʵǧõľԣԪһҲûгһš
Ԫ൱Ķϵľγɣֻãӵ޻ѱʦϲĶ
һʱ˷ܣԵĸоԼı仯ֱ仯ʵٵı仯ɱһһֱõͻȻõпһָоǽȻͬġ
ھĸоõϣƺżÿһڱ仯ˮı仯ֻҪΣվԲȥˡ
һϰߣһָоϰߣΪÿΣˮͳǰʱ䳤˾ͻγһĹԡ
ʱһĹȥ
˵ÿ춼ˣˮֻս˰ҽ˿ڣ˷ܣԾȵս档
ˮҲսսĴԶԶʱӵڶ쿪ʼˮԵõһžԪ飬õĻһһţлһõţޱȡ
ڶԸ޶ڶǧǵǧǣȻǧˮԸ޶Ը
ǧǵõľԪʿӶʮǵıʵõľӱɵĸӣֻеһ֣ٶȡ͸߶ءǧǵĴʮǣԴƣԪҲƵģÿ׶εľԪҲֻʹš
ͬˮҲųԼޣսսдԼʵ˻޶Ч
ɱ¾
ˮھɽпʼ˼ѵɱ¾ͬʱռһЩϣϵĶ൱ģˮֻ˵ֲɾͿռء
ˮ޵ĲǿֲģҪùͷõ졭
ڵǵʳ
ÿרעĳʱʱĺܿ죬ľԪ飬ʺϵֱ޳ԵȻսлѸٵҪõĶࡣ
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ʮˮԶͻȻֵޣһްԣޣ
޲Լ޲࣬о˵֮Ѫ
ǰֻ޺Եľܿ޺ͽҪ߼ܶ࣬ǽ𱳾Ҳ޷⡣
ͷʨβ޴ӼβٶףرǾ޴βͣһֻ޴ߣСɽһ׳Ϣֻ۾ֻˮ׻Ŵ
ɢϢ޴βͲϵķţ֮һ˵ɣۺϵƬŵɫĹâսףһֻ޴Ľޡ
ˮﶼŽ𱳾ƤƵս׺սȹˮҴ⣬޵ʵȻҲܷӳǵʵˮܵġ
ǿˮԶţǲ¾ŹֻҪбУֻ޿
ʱ䣬ˮֻþԪ޺ͽվʵǰʵֻʮǶһ㣬һʮǣʵ̫ˮ޷ʳ̫ǿľԪ顣
ﵽʮʱ׻ˣԭӶʵڵֱʮʱˮɿֱʹʥ׻屶ʵÿһʥ޵׻һΡ
ܴﵽǿˮû̫⣬Ϊ޾㲻Ǵ˵еޣҲһֲĴڣ޵ǿĿϡ
ޱʵѾٶʮǣ
׻壺޵Ķе屶ʵģתܵмʽԷסͬʱԵԷй
ɵĹǱսģԽǿԽǿ
׻ͨڵ׵֮Ĺ벻ó˰ףд΢Ч١ӦЧۼӡ
ٴףҲǿ޶Сɽһǧ׶Կ
׻ǿĵǿ׻֣ٷְԶԷʱͶԷʵйϵÿʮʱֻʹһΡ
׵ڷгӵ⼫ǿʹ׵˲Լ߳ƣָƵٶȼӿʮʱʱÿʹ֮Ҫһʱ
ڿϵͬȣ磬԰Ѷֺ޻߿Դﵽ°빦˲ŤתǬ
һջСеǿô򣬶վԭıʮӵڵǡ
ʮǣˮпʮǱʵľԪ飬Խվڵʵʹ̫Σգֻǧʵ¹򣬸߼ֻȴ
վʵˮҲֵٵĺôϧվĸһʼıһɸӵɣҲڶˡ
ˮһֱýվʵΪվԼҲõ޴ĺôҪ߹ʵ
м߹ıʵʮǣҪҪЩʱ䣬޳ԵҩĶм䶼Ҫһʱ䡣
߹ʵﵽʮǣ߶ҲһǧʮǣˮʵϣһһΣˮͻоаһ㡣
ʵת۷壬ԶıޣˮͨⱩ޵սսңֻûеҩʥͷǿǲܷӡĵطȴǱӡġ
һ
ˮʵ۷ʱʹ߹ͬʱе콵ֱű޴
ʮ
ֱӱ콵ٷ֮ʮǡ
һһǧǵʵ
Ⱪ޵ʵûعĻ޻ҩʥؾǧǵĴڡ
ϣ
޴ĺֻ꣬޴ֱסˮСɽһȴǹЭһڻԾ޴βҲǺɨ
֮
Ź
ˮҴ⣬ֱӽʹ
ֱٴǧǡ
޻ʣ°ǧǶһЩʵ
̤ʵһЩһս֮ȻˮֻвǧǵʵоŹҪǽɼʴĹ
ˮǴҲǧŰǶ࣬ǧǵʵޱаǧٶǡ
ţôˣ


1009 ս޲սĥ
ˮæóֻӶٶȡӷĶϣӱɵˮԶ෢Ӳʮǵʵֻܷӳеһʵ
֪ع򣬻Ǹϲ
عԼʵһͻ֮Լ콵ĴڣԸµսһЩǿĴڣЩԵֱ֮ӰˮޱȣҲعǻ¡
ݲö룬ϵս𵽵ҲҪֻһɣʤޣӰްԵĹеıǽ˱޵βϡ
׷
ʵ׷ɶܵⶫ͹⣬ˮʩչһ£Էܽ⣬Ǿˡ
أ
ˮֱһ󶶶жµ׷öԷĸӣٶȽ͡
ˮ¼絤ݹӣԱⱩٶҪһЩֻǰһްû̫˺ҲѶԷβ͵һ޴ŭ
Ͻ
ԣ
ˮһξȻ޻ˣһ֮뵽ǶܻЧǺͱԼʵ͵սûʲôоΪֱΪԼˡ
ڲͬһⱩ޵Ŀͷ޴󣬶޵ʵԼܶ࣬һˮĶܻܸоʻӡ
ް˵Ӿˮ˷ܣһȣʮ׸ߣɫһľޣرף޴ֻˮ͵ޣͷ߿ݡ
ˮٶȺ;ŹͱӲԷķǿԼȻƲԷķ
ԣ
һεǽԷ˺ܶ࣬ɼ˫˶ܻЧˮߣֻ޵㡣
ֻ޴Ӧǣˮ֪Ǹطùڿλȫۼף۷״̬¾Ȼֻ޵ۼס

޷ŭĺУӦˮϵĶܰɣ޴βڷŭ֮һһˮϯǵأ̤һеĽȫӳ
֮ˣ
ԡ
ˮˣһЩΪûгֶܻҲûд˺ҲˣֻҪܿסĹ
˱ҪĶ࣬οˮǻкܶɱûأҪĥԼսʱʵ̫ˡ
ۣ

ˮʩչһ·ۣȻñһ𣬵ȴǱøӿ񱩣ˮһȵϢ
Σ
Ⱪ޾ȻһĶдǿҿ¶ȣϧˮڶԶͻ˵ߣĻǲ˺
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ʱӳˮо˳ǾŹҲڻţڻѾԺͱӲӲˡ
Ͻ
ϵײϽ죬ǰѾޱȣһʵս׵Ľȶĸо
ָоܺãһǷ켫ĳ̶ȣĸϴһ˲ıƺҲڻ
һˮܵŹǿֻⱩ޵ķ̫£ȻˮſԺɵĸҪɱֻƺеѶȡ
۾
ˮо۾ͻƵ㣬ⱩнǣͷƤ϶Ƭ۾ķӦǿ޷ݣ۾ƺѶҲС

һһĺУ
ϷһѤϹ⣬ˮæˣ˻֮ĸӰ춼ûˣ콵׷
ǿ޶оֻʹһκʹҪһʱ䣬ԺڽһСʱָӰġ
ˮٴű޴콵ȴûκЧ
㱻޾޴צϣյһŹ㿪гԼֻޣվ󡢻޺ͷ롣

ˮгǺԶһĵط󣬶ˮǿֹסޣЩˮҲǺܵĵģϾһСԼپˣĿֱӱɱ

һˮʶȡ˻λãλÿз˺
ټϻյһ޵Ĺ˺ܶ࣬ˮʱ򿴵ǰԼʶѾվøԵλá
ͻƵۺʶˡ
ҲΪվֻ޲㹻ǿ󣬲ûñʲô˼ɣֻɨһۣͰŭǰϷйȥ
ˮţ޵Ĺʱ˰ףھ뱩޲ǧס
ˮ޵ʵҲһʵսѵ

ͬʱˮҲ˹
һֻȴϸĻһűȥͬʱϹһ
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Ǳǿ󣬻Ǳ׻һֻ΢ģ౻ҧһһϿԺӣǸвȴĴڡ
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ʱ޵һ׻ֵˡ
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ˣ
ݡ
ڱʮײľѸٵҡ
𡭡
ˮĸǣ廹ñܵ˾ţȻܺ½ʿẈ̂սӰʿȻսһɱ˶ˣնɱͻʿһĽԷܡ
ڵı޾类ʿһ
׻

ÿһֻһĹЧ޻֪һۻǶôĿ£е˼ɵĿˮеľ塣
ָоһ¿ֲڿֲ棬ȻֲЩֲɱɿ־ޱȡ
ʵ޲֪ˮǰһҡ֪ҡ˶ٴΣǺûЧԣ⾪ڵѾˣˮֻڿŶԷ
Ӧò˰ɣ
콵
ˮٴó콵
ž
Ч

޾޴βˮһ鱩޷ԼƺЩӲоرˮȴǸоһεĳ֮ǰɣƺЭ彩Ӳԭ
׻
ˮ׼õ꺮
綾ģ
ˮץľǶԷ۾ʱ׻ס֮ǰ޵׻ҲΪ׼

һжǷһ˲䡣
ۣ
޺ǿ󣬵Ψһ۾Ƥ϶ۼףǹ͵Ϯûãһֻ򲻶ޡ
׻ԺӵȼЧñһ˲Ķס׻Ȼʵ࣬ϱʵģҲһգ۵ʱ䣬ˮץľһգ۵ʱ䡣
𡭡
ûˮںвϵķڲҺıޣ뵽Ķҩֻ֪һҪһЩʱѡ
鲻󣬵ܶ۾Ҳס㱩ǿ󣬵Ǳ綾ĺ൹С
޾ǿ͵ǿޣһʼˮźԼİϣ׻öԷľ׻ʵʱ˲ŤתǬ


1010 ¾ԪĽվ
ˮѾΪⶾȻǰֻûһãѾڴˣʱȴڷⱩȡϡ
޾޴һǱˮ˵һܴջһƤǶõս׺սȹװײϡ
һת뵽𱳾ƤƳսףϺӵЧΪܵعãЧСȻ˴ӵĻһЩΪûдع뻹Ǿ뷨
¯
Χ󡣡
ˮЦѾߵߵ˵
Щӣˮָ£ϵҲѸٵڼҲױȣֻеۣҪĥ
ˮû¯ͬʱϵŻ¯ϼǰսʱʹ˺óʱĻޣ˵ǻꡣ
ڻ޵ֻñ޷ŭ𣬲ûзʲô˺ڻ²һЩЧñ޷һЩӷŭĺС
ˮĻڱҲƲˮеȴǿԷձ޵꣬һֻñ޸ӱꡣ
Ҳˮ֪ĻҪߣܵԼĻҲһ۷׶ΣҲʼܵعԼ
֮Ĵɾ磬ν绹ԶˮǺţľǺǿģһЩǿѱʦҩʦʲôģԼľǲ˺ܶܶࡣ
ͼޱȣоˮǸŮ˵ľӦúԼڵĲ࣬ҪһЩˮ֪ľǱع˵ġ
ʲôʵˮɵһ¡
¯Ѿȫ֣Ļ¯ɢӵĹΣˮȫעļ¯ϡ
߼У

ǰȻûжſʼ޴Ӱ¯СÿһαСķΧǺܴ
¯ԽԽҲԽԽСˮеĻȷţÿζһһȻƵʺҲһӲһΣʱѾֻ״Сˡ
ڵٶȫˮȴǸоѹˣʶ¯סǵһôǿޡ
һ״Ļ¯Χϵı任λúͻʬҪȰ޵ʬȫȻеľ飬ǾԪ顣
˵ףѣѾˣӾ͸ˣӻ߾һ⣬һӵľͻΪ
ˮڴԪ飬һԵģȻãڸҪԪ飬رּľԪ顣
ʱһĹȥˣˮĶͷһϸܵĺ飬ʱѸһžȻʼ
ˣ
һƵȴԶָоˬˮĵ֪ͣѾϣɹˣֻǳʲô֪
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һᣬȻ¯ȴһºȲĴ¯Ȼ¯ףһȴˮЦˡ
ȻžԪ飬ˮ˷ޱȣȻԪʹá
Ԫ̫ǿĻ޵ʵǺΣյģԪǱ޵ľԪ̫ǿ󣬻ʹõ޷ȻգòʵǣܼԪǰ޵һЩ
Ԫ顣
޵ľɣǿ޷ʵǺͱ޵ѪƣȻʵҪ޲ſʹá
ˮһ֪Լ޷ʹãҪʹûҪ취ԪٴƣҲзֽ⣬þԪʧһ롣
һʧˮܲˬȻҪԼޱ޻Ҫǿʹãȱ޻ǿ
Ŀǰܡ
ͻȻˮǡǺͱ޵Ѫơ仰һ¾ͿĵЦˣʶվȴվ֮ġ
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޾֮Դعǣǧǵʵʱʱʹú󾧿ʧ
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˵ڵˮ˵ǺöعǣǰҪǸʵˮʵѾһǣͿԶǵĹˮʵǧ಻һǵĻûõģޣܷӳȫʵٶһǧǡ
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ˮɾóеһžԪ飬뿴վķӦ޶ΣոӦرǿңȻȻкܶĵرȴǺޱ޵츳
վ󿴵ˮóľԪʱ޴ͻȻһǿҵϢĸܵһֿϢ
ܳԵ
ˮʶһ֮վ֮Ѫ˵ǿԺĴڣȻЩҲֻǴ˵
ˮõϢԸԣоû⣬ԥһˮýվȥҪǸоվаգΪǸ֮
ˮк֣Ӧòʲô⣬ͽһžԪιȥҲ
ȥʱ䣬վֱУˮһͻϽȥĽ

վʱĻᷢһУҲǽг˾޴ıŰڲϵӡ

վһϳһһѪߣˮ˫ȭʶͽվõܳŹȥ
ˮվڷ򲻵ѵ£Է˵Ӧû⣬ʶסվֻҪһֲԾֹ
Ľվϱһ㵭ѪΧѪҺӿ£վѱѪʪˮϰ¡


ˮһȻѪǿ𺳵һĻվľ޴Դٴη˱仯ѾȫΪס
ˮȻ棬ۿʱ𺳵ݡ
ǿľԪýվԴ˽ǸʼǰĽѾ׵ıĺ
վ֪ʲôʱһʮ׳˴ϸľ޴βͣϵĴţɢѪɫϢ
𡭡
ˮһοˣѾѪľ޴Ҳڷ΢ı仯ƺҪʲôһʱû뵽ܳʲô
ۼף
ˣˮ˽վϳһ˿ۼ׵Ӱӣۼγɣֳȴ𾪣֪վûˣû뵽⾫Ԫô޴



1011 ǿĽ
վϵѪɢһۼѾγɣͱɫۼײͬվǽɫۼףӺͱеƣֻҪС˺ܶࡣ
ڵѾǰһҲͬˣͣһۼףе͵ף׳֫β͡
뵽ǰĽվ󣬲ˮޱȣšվڵʵֱͨӿȥ
ʵﵽ˰˰ǣǵıʵˮզ࣬һ뵽վһǳ׵ɱ䣬ͲеˣӦýʲô֪㲻󣬵оʱнվˣϰˡ
֮սõ߱ʵ
ǿˮֻоƺҲ֮УϾڳ׼е֮ѪϾԪ㹻޴
һֱýվʵﵽǧİǣعֻ֮ʹǧǣսٴη¿Էӳǧ˰µʵȻĹ
çײ޲𹥻ʮĿꡣ
ǰһֱˣǸվĹﵽһǧǶһЩΪعԭʵֻܷӳǧ¡
ܺˣˮо֪㣬վѾٴγΪԼұۣԲμսˣоٴ١
̤Բ磬ʮı幥һļöԷ֫ľ޷ж
˰ǵıʵҲ̤ˣ̤Ҳǰǧǵʵĵǣһһöԣ̤ٴǿ
˲ǧ֮˲Ծ
ǿսٴʵķھֲ
ս˲һɵԷǿɱĿɵٶȣʱ
ûб仯
շħʩչǧ֮ڵĶĿ꽵һɵʵĿ겻Գʮʱһʱ
ˮЦˣһоշħֿˣұǰã뿴ԶҲûжԶվڼβͣཫס
ͻ˲䷢幥Ŀ꣬Ĺ
ͻҲͻˣüҲǳսֻһվսĳˣˮϲĿЩսһͻ˽վһԴﵽǧǵĹعӰҲܷǧǵĹ
棺µĺ󹥻джƼ׵Ĺͬʱһеٶȡ
Ҳˣˣ㲻˵ǳٶȵģƼ׵һֱˮΪûʲôá
ˮվڿеĽվرǿǽµĺ棬һĶ
ۼףķӣǿ
ˮֿĿ˵ǿϲǾܶξϲˮǸоر˷ܡ
пžԪ飬ˮ֪ʱǲʹˣʹˣҲֻһһαʵҪΪεɱ䡣
ӲӵˮоǸĸ֣һۣɴнˡ
ʵǣǰһЩһֱӿˮıʵһһʮǡ
ɽˮԼ޵ʵںԥĽԼ
ʥһη˺ܳʱ䣬²ϣʵﵽʮǣʱˮʵҲӺܿ졣
ϱǽʵֱӴﵽһǧǣԴǧǵʵһԴǧǵʵ
϶ɼùĻԴǧǵʵԼ콵л֮ԼڽĽշħоһЩˣΪ˽³ǿˡ
ҪˮʵҲǸ޵Ҳһ㣬𿴶Ը޲УԸͱͬǶʵߣˮĳ鱬ԴϾߵķ޷ȡ
Ļˮʵʹÿһ¿ԴﵽǧǣȴѹһĻǧ˰ǵʵ
ˮʵϻ֮籩ʵĻӦûͬӦÿϺͶԷ£ҪɱԷҪɱﵡ
վ±޵ľԪʱǲڷþԪˣԺٷõ͵ȼľԪЧҲǼûЧ
ʳԪмҪһʱ䣬õҩԪ顢ڵֶһֱ۷塣
ֽ⣡
ʺϽʳľԪʱ䲻ٷʳҸ߼޵ľԪһֻеһãˮԼûʺֱӷʳ޵ľԪ顣
ֽ⣬ЩֽۣһᱻʧҷֽľԪҲ̶
ֽһţʧһû޷ϣĽҲϣȻԣȴû֮Ѫֹֻڽˡ
һѣôõĶֻ˷ѣؼʱ̣ҪܵԼʵܿҪݵķںħš
ˮ뵽ͼᶨԼ뷨
ʱ仹ڽɾֽɣҪųʱ䣬űɾԼϤڵ
ڶ죬żȻǿ޲٣ǵ飬˱ˮʵǿûаˮɶֵԭϣҲûܡ
һ޻ܣ⻹޵ıܣǰսҪϵĲʲôģͻܣսս飬ڵʵ
ʮֻɵʵӲ٣رֻͷģͻ۳һЩ룬ϣܴⶫǿɱǿٵľԪ顣
㿴ʲô
ͻȻָǰ˵
һɽɽһεɽ
ߣǿȥ
ˮЦԶܲʲôֻȥЩɽʱһЩıʺСЩҹɽʮûջʱ򻹻ޡ
붴ڽˮͻȻоһǿѹֲ룬Ǿɽ⶯ǿҲ֣ҲҴ⡣
Ϣ޵ģȴǿҵĿ
ˮг
޴ĽֺﾪһͻȻֵǿһ
£ֻվ󣬽ˡ
ˮæ˵
ﾪΪͱ̫ˣֻɫһˮ˵Ļĵ˵񿥡
Ѿͷȥ濴
Сĵ㣡
ˮͷʶչȥѹѹͬҲûôǿңһȥһɵʥׯϢȻ𾴵ĸо
һĵãûҰµĺۼϵĻҳаߺʮСʯķֲ


1012 ʥ޺
ˮһ۾Ϳеһʯ̨ϵˣӦ˵һֻʣ¹ͷˣɿݵĹ״ֱߴɮ붨
ʥׯϵϢǴϷģ뵽ŸоϢǿң֪ΪʲôûҰޡǰ
ǰˮôһ߿ݹһŸȴûκθоߵԽԽܸܵƺʥ֮볼Ĥݵĸо
ߵĹѩûһ㳾֣ϾΧǳǹ״һȾ
ף
ˮڲŷǹȹһ顱ӦǷɣһϣһֱȹڵ̴ľ֣ϿÿӴСӤȭͷСǿʥ顣
ˮ߼ܵ治ʥԣоƺǿľһ˵ов
ʲô
߽ˮſ⴮ܴɨһ۴ʮţˮûв´ӦʮĿţһ˴ڲϿֱӴϣȻ˫
߼һǿʶ˵ֱˮϮʵʣˮüͷһ壬ʶеͼѸתֵסʶ
ֲû˿ܵƻһΣʶ֣ˮǾʶ㹻ǿ˵ͳΪɵӡ
Һûˮ֪ǴܴķǺöһöΪ׼׼Ҳǿ˲ܵõԵܵõ
ˮ֪ԼǲǸԵˣ뷨õǴӣǸöһ㡣
һλǰµһֽƣѹ;񹥻ÿһǿһЩһ־棬Ƕ˻޶һʾ
߼У
ͨ쾭еҲڼӿתˮѾߵ˹״ȴǷѴһֻҪһһ־ܹ
Цˡ
ˮһûعĻоһµԲ¾ͻһɾĴڣ
ѹڣ֮ǧˮҪͻһ죬վﶢǿľϵġȴǽŲҲ̧
뵽ԼĽ룬Լˣʵӹ죬ʱ޷ټһǱܡ
һľ룬ҪʵǿһǱͻعһʮôѡ
ˮѾˮʪӣһֵķɵĸоľѹԽԽйԡ
뿪Щġ
ţ޾
ˮ뵽ԼʵǵعһĻ㹻ˣˮеԥΪȥħŻ߷ʱпõϡ
飬ᣬϾⱩ޵ľǿģǵĺѹǿҪǧǵʵܶ෢ӳʵ
һžԥһ£ˮóĿƬֿƬˮһţ˺ܶ࣬Ҳôһţɼԡ
ݺģ
ˮ޵ľϣʱһǰѹͻȻܶ࣬ˮ̧ţǰҲĲӣһ˳ȥ
ˮûȥǴ飬Ȼȥž⾧ʱ㹻ˮٴοݹǡ
󣬿ȷǸˣ˺пǸУˮӶԷĹоʱʵǿͲ֪ˡ
ΪˮĸԸǰĿݹϹһϹˮʯ̨ڲһ֡
õһʱ뿪ɽмǡмǣ
ţˮһ֪ȡ߷ΣգΪʲôֿǰֻǸܵɽеͬ飬ͬʱҲǷĵĸһϾҪһߵĶŸġ
ˮﴫԣͽ뿪Զ㣬֪ԶˣˮٴξϸϷ飬治С׳ֻоһԼ壬ȻѸ뿪ɽɽˮһֱӳȥԶͽ󼸸͵ˡ
ԣ
ɽڵɽˣⲻµģˮܵǱƵǾڶﱻ֪ԼܲܳŹȥ
ˮʵ⴮޴ķʱһʶͺˮʶںˣָо֣ˮоǺöֻǻûü
ô£ʲôȤĿеľ޴ġ顱
ɽеĶ֪ʲôˣҿˮ֪˿̲ſ޴ġ顱
޺飡
ˮһ޺ǰ˵еˣǷӵõ֤ߵĹλ޺߽徻Ѷϡ̡֤
һ֮ȥͨ棬ˮĺôҲǾ޴ģȻҪһЩʦֻΪ˽ⶫãҲʹãʱҲײ֪ô߲ô
ʦھǿΪǿľԼʶ֪ôˮͨһ
޺飬ʥֻԭŻһõľͻԶʶͨ
ˮ뵽һõ޺ʱܵһĸо壬Լƺ޺Ϊһĸооˮʥ֣һʥ
⼸ֵˣõǱ޾Ҳֵˡ
޺ӵһľһٶȡһľһľָļһľһѹֻԾЧ
ˮֶڲʥֱԼļʱ꣬ȻֻԾЧҲ㹻ˣ֮Ĵﵽɾ磬ͼ߼еȣˮľѾǿˣһл
޺һ˾˷ˣˮڸо̫ˣҪϹܺѹã߳޺û̫ˣϾһ;񹥻ȡ
ģ޺ӵٶȼӱҩʦѱʦۺˮ±񹥻类ˮеŮ˸һӰʱΪǿԭ
ˮľ;񹥻ѾоܵعԼϸо磬޺ʱǰҲû⣬ֻ˵ܳɽڸоʶеľޱȡ

ˮͻȻ޴Ļ棬һʮףˮͰϸҾƺıǰҪ١
һɻޣ޿ʵȴϸɢϢʮ׳
žžž
ˮһ󶶶ָоˬУޣֱ޳
þһ־񹥻һĻָӱļһľ
ڵˮҪǺһѹȻֻԾЧѾ㹻ˣԼľٶȼӱ
ˮŽ޺Žɾôһ飬еķŽȥԼľ


1013 ֽ⾫Ԫ飬һ
ˮи˼ɣʥ޺ԺӾһѹǱûҲܺѹʥ
ܿҡҡͷˮ֪ݣʥر٣ʥҲֺúͲģʥʥҪ߳ܶܶࡣ
вһʥʮҲһʥģʥʥжһС
ԼӿʥʥʥҲޱȵģֻʥе״ڣĶҲǷëǡ
ʥֶû¶ʥҲǺӣˮ±ǿѹʥˣ½ӦкѹĶЧܱȵһĶǺٺ٣ǿԿ϶ġ
ȻͲǧʵǷⶥĴڣ޵ǧǵ˾ͺ٣ʥ͸ˡ
޺ȫԾģѹҲǺӾеѹˮñǽʵɲ䣬ǻܵѹ
ˮɱﵳ˻򡢻ޡ꣬۵Ҳ˺ܶ࣬۵ľ绹ͣӦҲ𵽲Сá
ʱˣ̫ߣֻһСˣˮЦ˵ͣɣǴЩԵġ
ð
￪ĵ˵
ܿ죬Ϊ˰ȫΧ˸ζͲɢǿǰˮַеõġ
Ѿ˵ŮԪڻ࣬ԪһҲ˵ӵĵУӵеԪǸˡ
˵ˮŬԺлᣬŮԪ
ʲôʱȢ׹Ű
߳ԱߺǺǵЦ
Ѿͷⶼ˶ٱˣҪ֪
ˮҡҡͷ˵
˵˵Ҳ֪ײǶôĿ֣ҲȢ׹žͻ᲻ͬ
ǺǵЦš
ڸ׼Ƹ񡣡
ˮһ˵
ʨ룿
ͻȻȵ˵
˳Է֪Ѿͷúʱ㣬Ȼڼҿš
Ǻǣ֪ʱҺ͵һȥ

ɾУˮǿ˺һ޺飬ⶫȻ֪ʲôƳɣҲʯͷľͷҲͬ
ᣬܼӲʥֻҪܵõʥＶĶһŲСĳɾ͡
޺鲻ôҲЧҲǹ̶ˮ⣬ԺԼھϽߣӵ޺þ񹥻ܵѹһھ񹥻
һ״ָ̬õʱˮʼֽʣµһű޾Ԫ飬޴Сɽһı޾ͳžԪһű޾
Ѿýվõһţǰȡ޺ʱõ˾ھʣһžԪ顣
ֽḺ́һҲ򵥣Ҳˮʵûа취ˣһʧֱӾʧˣǳɹҲʧһ룬ҪֻֽһǾ͵ùˣֽǷֳĿԽԽá
׼úˮʼȫĵͶȥһɽĿǴﵽˡѾĳˣΪʥ޺飬ɣһԼ޵ʵ߹꣬ˮϣ߹һһ޺飬ôˣ֪߹һһرҪ
ʱһĹȥΨн¯зٵˮ۾еĻ޺飬һθо֡ǿˣķǰҪСһЩָҲ졣
ˮһηֽ޵ľԪ飬ģ޺ʶҲǿһֽ࣬оɣֻҪʱ᳤һ㡣

һηˮĵͣΪʶӦˣֽ˲˿ţԪɢһٷֽɰ˿ţˡ
򿪽¯˿ɫǰ˺ܶľԪ飬СҲСһ룬æóƿװе߿š
ÿƿװһţ
ʣµˮ൱ǧʵ޾Ԫ飬޵ҪһЩһʵƷʲһӷ޵ĳɳԣʹѪŻȡ
ˮ߹꣬ô˵ҲޣžԪֻǰʮ֮һǿ߹ķӦ
һʶ֪ԡ
ʥǿûʲôӦڣʳʥöʱ仹Էʳģʥ߱κεĿҩԡ
޵ľԪӵ֮Ѫ޾ɵԲŻýվͻƣҲǵõĻԵˮû֮ѪĿʥ̫ԶˣʥƳʮſʥֻͷ߷ʥӶʵ
ǡ
ΪӵоģӵоУʥԼָоˮˬֻͷ߻ɡ
߹ô˵ҲۼޣⱩ޵ľԪȻǿ󣬵Ҳţֻһʮ֮һ˵߹궼ʶ
߹Ƚǿޣһ˵̫ģǾĵȴ߹ı仯
ܿ죬һеѹֵϢӣˮе㾪ȣΪϢǿҲһЩ仯ǰо߹һߺһֻĽϣͷβ͹ڲ໹ǣͷȴеƺҲҪһ㣬˫б̹ǣϾȻɢɱ֮۵βִͣ׳滹ϸСۼס
βϵۼûнβϵĴ󣬿ҲûôӲô˵βڴСҲǲ˺ö౶
ˮ߹Դ뵽ݴ½Ĵ˵д˵ĴڣǱѷɫĴڣֻʷмأˮû˭ۿԼޣЩˣƺҲûʲôСˣҲãʲô˵ҲǿޣΪ̫ǿˣһЩǿҲܵܶĤݵġ
ˮ߹巢仯һ̸ܵһֵĸо̲סæ߹ֿȥѾܵ߹ıʵʮǵӣѾ౥ˣʱҲǺʵˡ
߹ıʵİǣǰӵʮǡ
߶ӱıʵ
һЩ߹츳Ǻǿġ
ףȫһģ
ֶһսǿıսˮо߹껹ǵ񣬿ϧжٶϲС
һ㣬ǧ׷Χ֮ںһѹѹ塢ӡ綾Ч˵ʵйϵ
ڶˡ
ˮͻȻоһӦú߹ʵйϵǧʵʱһһڶǧǵʵ˶һֻ߹ʵҲ͹Ԫйϵɡ
ǰָоӦһĸоˮںˣʣµûԼͷ붼һš
ʣµĿŸ
վͲˣͷ뻹޶ʮʮǵıʵ϶ʱ䶼ʹþԪˡ


1014 䣬󣬸ȥħ
ڱһʮǣͷٰʮǣӵ࣬ǿﵽǣҲֻԱȽСˡ
ԺֻܿԼͲμʵսʵˣʵ޻һʱʵֻҪޣʱʵѪô
ò޻϶ģЩݣӦս
ʮǲˣһģʱ󣬳ɾ
ҲˣѾԶ֮˵ĳǺҪģ½֮˶糿ʱ䣬ʱ°빦Ҳͻƻ߸
Թ緹ˮͰѷֽĿžԪݸǳԵһЩʵ
ЦЦĽӹг¹ױţнԼֻǿɵ
˵ɵûΣգ
ԥһʵ
ˮ˵ɵʳһţгɵ󣬲е㵣ģ⼸ֻɵǰֻܶ࣬ǿޣǶʮֻСĲˡ
ҸоСޱȵǿɵɲһ֣Ӧû⣬ǿСûаա
ˮЦ˵
ţ
еȻİιֻȻߵֻɵǰ
ˮһģɵͬȻ֣ȴһҲ󣬾ǰҲ֣ȴǿɰޱȡ
žԪݵɵǰ﷢ֵˮȴǿɵԥȴϣĿžԪ顣
оһԲȴ᲻ãҪԡ
￴ˮε˵
԰ɣûµģ
ˮЦ˵
ڵʶǿ󣬿ĸܵɵǿ󣬳⾫ԪȻеǿԲΣգǻõ޴ĺô
ˮĻſĵİѾԪιɵȥ
ûжãֻ޵ʵʮǣˮĲ࣬ûʲô𣬵ıսͬʵӵʵǲͬġ
ܿɵϾͷһɵɫǰֻˮ²ûʲôϵı仯¹ֱӰʵͬͬҲˮ֪¹ɳɳĿռߵġ
֨֨
ܿɵ㿪ʼ֨֨ҽУϹԽԽʢˮʶ۲ţС廹ǿ㹻ǿ
ţοʼ仯ˡ
ȻϹ⣬ɵյɫڵģӰı仯ǿĿ
ʮֻɵоֻҲǷʳġ顱ȵҩǿģһȴٴ٣ԴƺӽУͷԲʵֻмȻһֻһ߳ɫǣ״
֫צӿӷڵɵ󻹲Ǻܴ󣬴СǰһֻţСһ㣬ǹȴ˲С
֨֨
ɵĽԽԽңﲻĿżƽˮųһӺ󣬽İ
Ҳ֪ûˣɫĹҲʼɢȥǰֻɵˮﶼһȡ
ΪڵɵȫˣһɫۼףǰϹ⿴ڿˣȲһֻɫۼʨӣȴẠ̊́ܶ쳣Ĵ׳ۼ׿൱ơ
СޣˮڵɵЦˣãˡ
ţȻ󡣡
Ҳǲ˼飬ȴǴž޴ľϲʺСվǰΪ֮ѪԲ֡
û֮Ѫʹñ޵ľԪеΣգȻҲпܻг֮ѪС΢΢ɹľ͸֮١
ݴ½е;֮ѪȣЩҲֻ˵ѡ
˵һβò˵ǿ󣬻оɵҲǿ󣬾Ȼɹ֮Ѫ䡣
һɵӦıʵֱӴﵽǣˮ̾ǿ󣬺Ȥͨȥ
Ѫ֮ӱıʵսġ
ǿ󣬹Ȼ֮߱Ѫһˣʵˮʣ⻹ûʹʥء
ϬϬǿצӿԺƿʵĴڣӱ
Ǽ̳ɵϬѾޱˣùӱ
ѸӰʩչٶȣٶ¹ӱ
ˮֻٶȾ죬ʩչѸӰٶȾ
͸дǿĴ͸ӱ
˺ѣдǿ˺֮ӱ
ϼϽǣķǿϽϬޱȡ
ָӡ
ˮоǸֲ̿ͣޱȣ˭˭ͷֻۣ嵥幥ۼƴﵽı֮࣬ӦǲһĲɣˮֻоֲͬʱӿ϶Ѫпָӱս֯һ֧޶飬һֲܿ
ˮҲرģιʥ
ˮʥҲǺ˷ܵι£ʥֱıʵİǡ
Ҫǵڶηʳʥʱ֮Ѫ屶ıʵսġ
һʵͷǳĿֲˣ֮Ѫ´ﵽǧİǵʵЩսֱӵ幥ıֱʵﵽһǧǡ
ˮٶһֻۼģۼɵǷǳµģû뵽ֱʵǱ𺳣عֻܷӳǧ߰ǵʵ
ݵ˶ڳعڵѾվݵĶˣǱڵĽҲ˿ѷɫ
𣡡
ˮЦſЦ
ģÿģܰһսˡ
˷ܵ˵
ˮЦԴ֪ŮһֱԼս
һֱǿ̿һδηսʱֻܿţڳΪ۵֪Լֻսˡ
ͨɽϵʵսмҲ߽޵Ĳռҩݣɽʲôȥ˲٣ȴûٷʲôö

һ¹ȥˣˮﶼ˺ܴı仯޵ʵǿ˺ֻܶ࣬ɵʱ᲻ˡ
ˮʮǰʱ飬̳һֻ涾޵ڵʵͻȻʵӵʮǡ
֮ӱʵͶԣսġ
֮ˣǰƺдбսˣԺȷΪ֮ϾǶޣʶиʾ綾
Ӷٶȣսġ
ȻսɳĿռ俴С
ˮզ࣬Ҳ֮ϲˮɱﵣȥհ޵ʱ޸ģ޻޷μսû뵽ܿܲμսˣڴԼֻޡ
޵ʵеǿΪ޷ʹʥʹڵҲʹþԪ飬ʱҲˣˮȥȥħˡ


1015 ʵңִ
ȥ;лߵҺͻһ£ʱͿʹʥǶޣȷʥӦÿսˡ
Ǹûȥˡ
ˮһ˵
ûȥˡ
ƺδһ㡣
ô
ˮЦš
ҲǲܲôʱҲûȥˡ
￴ΧЦ
߰ɣ·ϻе˵
ˮгȥȻŻȥķȥ
ķٶȱҪ˲٣ȻܵعƣýķٶȼӱڻϿ˵Ҫһ㣬ǿ֮ڿҲˮ
оɽǿĽٺܶ鷳Ѫĸ߹ֹͬ
ŰǵķȥˮҪȥǲ˫
ʲô£
ҲǺĿˮ
ˮڽϰѻħŵ˵һ飬ŮˣԺĿԺԼǽˣٿ԰ﵽԼˡ
ãһȥһҪҵĸĸ
ᶨ˵
ʱǵҪﻹСѾͷҪչˡ
ˮ˵
ţ֪ڣӦܷˣ⼸ֻԱû⡣
￪ĵ˵
ţҪСһ㣬㲻֪ħźͷڵǿ󣬵ʱǵˣֻôˣ
ˮͻȻ뵽Լ͸ֻޡ
ѾǿﵽۣƤˣٶȺ͹㣬˵ˡ
·ͻȻ뵽ҪĳͻȻ˺ܶණ
Ҹĵ飬£ȻʳʥܽҲǿġ
ˮЦ˵
ţҵõɵǰȫʵܿ죬ֻǺܳʱ䲻ֶҪˡ
￪ĵЦ
ˮ֪ƽʱΪܸӴ¶ָߣСӣҲûսɵͷСֺ棬ʱҩʥصõֻǿޣһʱֱû뵽ֻܡ
Ҳ湻ġ
ҲܻǿģȻҲ벻ʳһЩҩ
ڰǶһ죬ûҵ˫ˮе㵣ģȻ˫ʵе㲻ġ
ҲڶŽ칬ķȥȥ׼ȥѯ˫Ϣһȷʵе㲻ġ
ˮڤ롱Ĺ̸ѱʦľҪ˵˵ľҪȴǲ̫࣬һҪ츳һҪоڶӻ¼ֿ־ҲӾ
ʵҲþӦһЩʵȴǲܶ࣬ȻͲǿ󣬾ȴǺ
ǿӻӶϵĹͻƣǿߵľһ㶼ǿǹãȻûЩרĹǿ
ˮ̸ڤ뻹ǺܲģЩˮľҲܴĹͣҪǷ㣬ʲôʱʲôʱšŶԣˮľǿΪʶеͼ
޺ˮһǰħŵҲǰôˣϽվɽ߹ͻƵ˶һԴعǧǡ
ˮڱʵʮǣϱǽԴǧǵʵһǧǣʹﵽ˰ǧǣϹ¿Դǧٶǵʵ
ҪʵҪǵʵˮпµοпµľ񹥻޺߹Чˮɱ֮һ
ȥˣٵʲôˡ
ȥٶȺܿ죬һµʱ͵ˣӳڲĸˣҲüˣҺȻô
ڼ˵Ķ˵ˣΪü˷ģˮܿҪȥˣһǰˮˣǰԼͻﻹȥˮȥ㣬ҵĺܶ˶ȥǼ棬ʵĴˡ
㹻ܶˣұҵ˶ȥɣúǷֿʵкܶΡ
ˮ֮ʲôĶ˵ˣȥݵ⹫ĸҵĴ󲿷˻ǲܴﵽǰݵˮƵʱֻˡ
ԼĺӾ츳ҲҪܳʱ䣬ԼŮ˾дﵽӦҲҲãԼҲġ
˺ܶˮҲֻ̾ЩеԶôһ죬ԼҲܻǣ֮ǰ޳ΪǿڣԼҲܷġ
ڻ뷨ͽ˵ɣȻչ嫵ģһҶչ嫵һǱʨȺġ
ȷˣһ·һβҲȥˣ޼칬ҲҪ칬Ҳ칬ӵܶҪѧĶлΡŹȡ
ˮһе㵣ģħźͷôǿһʲôģôİ
˵
õģҲûôѰ죬ǲҪȥƽȥ˶ѡ
ˮҲʵˮһ˺Լޣܲ֡
Ȼе㲻ܣħźͷʱñҵģˮǰȥҪ˻˵Ҫȥħźͷڵ֮Ĺϵһ˵ɷӡ
˵ˮûʵıϵֻҪԸɣȻ֪Լģ˭ҲȥĸǣΪʲôҪԼ
͹²عˣˮִǻȥģĶ⨺ڣиµĶڷɲҲܳΪһ

ݣ
ˮһ˾µʱݣһֱǸߵǰǿķﻹн˭ҪһǿϢݺܶǿ߲
ʱĻܷʳʥмǷʳһξԪ飬Ǳ޵ģ޵ľԪѾˡ
ܵıʵﵽʮǣǰıսҲ˻ңӱʵսġ
Ƥӻķսġ
ǰɫû˵ȻҲǿıս
֮𣻻ܵǿ湥ʵתĻ湥
񱩣幥ڿ֮¿幥и˺ѻ˵
ܵĹﵽǧǶ࣬ǿˣ޵ʵһͬʵҪǿܶࡣ
ҲڳΪǿĶޣڷʥʵﵽٶʮǡ
֮ӱıʵͶԣսġ
ˮĵηʥսα仯һٴ޳ΪµĴڣЧȲ󣬵ҲǿµĴڣΪǿµĶޡ
ʶиʾ綾
ٶȣսġ
ţڷʳڶöʥʱҲһΣˮоȥҩʥسֵֵĻӵо
ѾˣȥħŰɣˮܸоħǸͻƿڣ뵽ħͫһϣħ־Ϊ


1016 ׯ԰ˮ
ݵˮһθоֵĸоţҸطһƬׯ԰ﹺһׯ԰Ժݵҡ
ˮڲȱǮڵķޣ޻Ǻܷģߵ˺ܶ඼ûзҪҵһЩˡ
һҶ衢׺¡˶УǳŽҲԣοСװסٶеˡ
౴ķ͸ˣ׺º¸¥ϲ뿪ңǵʵϻҲǽˮҲöൣġ
ҪѡһλãʵˮʱѾˣλþ뺮ǡľǻƶð߹᲻Ҫ̫Զ
Ҫ̫ԶҲ̫ΪҪĿħţˮλöǣλˮ˺óʱ䶨µġ
һ鲻һԵģˮ²ģҲϣꡣ
ǣѡλ⣬Ϊǵ֣һкüǣһǵ;һׯ԰
Ǯð£ܿˮҵһׯ԰λĵλãǰļ֮һҵλ൱Ĳ
ׯ԰ܺãոµģˮ֪ʲôԭûȥˮһˣǰʱóȥׯԺĵطҵġн顱
ֱӴҵˣʮӣΪֻߣ͸¶һź;
һϵˣӦǴ̻ʲôĸˣ˽дһǰнһĹǲС
дһҲ֪ˣ⴦ׯ԰ҵĲҵׯ԰Ǯֻõȼ۵Ķ
㿴ΣҪоóȼ۽ĶҰ¡
΢ЦĿˮ
̻ᣬһһ˭ʲôȥлһҺţΪ̻ܳģһĶ̻ᣬһѳ۵ĶͼǮʲôĶڴ̻
̻гȡһѡ
Ǿϵҡ
ˮ˵ĵȼ۵ĶǵҩҲʯͷоβҲУһˣκãׯ԰л
⵹ˮͦȤкüַʽΨûǮҲȱǮóׯ԰ֵȵĶǺ׵ġ
ˮʱڸľ¥ţԼȴǺʹȥǳ޳
ҾﲻǺԶһϣ̫̫ţмʮ·ݴ½ĽֵǰǺ٣ϰĴֵֻھݲŻĿֵߵׯ԰̻ᡢ̵ꡢţֵɫɫȺԶôĴϢ
ҵׯ԰ǰ࣬ݻǰ۵ׯ԰ոµġ
ſĸҲǹǰ
ڼ𣿡
ڣʹȥ
ʮæ˵
ûˮ˭һǺصģǿԴκǰҵġ
ǰˮ򵥵Ŀһׯ԰߽ׯ԰ԺеʩһɽʯţֻȱҡһЩװΣЩһ㶼˭סʱ˭װΡ
ܿ͵ǰԺе˲Ǻܶ࣬ˮȴǸܵǿϢرеһɣȻѾﵽһ۷ľ硣
ǧǵʵ
ңһǿȻ۵ĴڣȻˮڸоǧʵ۲һʲôҲ㲻ϣ½ۿǲܿġ
ӣһӵĴ½Ի߸࣬û뵽һһһۡ
ˮڸо½ˮĺûнʵҲᷢ۵Ĵڣڵңû֪һԶԶǧʵ߳ǼС
ˮ֪ʲôоʵԽǿԽܸܵΣԽܸܵ½Ŀ£ǰԼʵݱQǶôΣգʱǸۣСָԼٲ
Ǵϵܰ
һҲ˹е˵
֣ϼֵȾƵʱ䶼ûˡЦŴȤ
ôأţλǣ˿ˮɻʵ
ŶλҪׯ԰æ˵
Ŷ룬ǽ˵ʾһŲԶĴȥ
ˮЦź˸кһ룬û뵽ҵļôᣬʵʮǶ࣬ǺܲˣϾǲǶôġ
ܴܿΣǽȴֻ˸оݻдһ

ܿˮ
Ǵׯ԰Ҳ֪ǵ
˵ºͣ˸оһֺС
ˮֱõҩֱӻģ뵽ҪסӦʵȻڶ˵ʲôԼˣ֪СѲʱ˲ҪϿҪӵ㡣
еҩʯһЩĶƺ˲ˣҲǸҽʦУԼʱ⡣
ˮƽ˵
ˮĻһ㶣۾ˣûʲô⣬һʼ˾˸оأʼûʲôı仯ׯ԰Ӧӵܰɡ
ˮ˵βʱȴ΢΢ҡҡͷ̫ˣǰҽʦϺǿȴ޲ߣ޷ҽΣҵ˵еЩҩڵȴ򲻵Ҳ
Ҫܾʱ򣬴ȴǺǺЦүӵĲѾô˿ˣβһأ취
һ֪ȻʵǺǿȴǺǿдҲǴ壬˵ҲĲ
Ǿֵˡ
ĳƺҲˡ
Ǻǣÿǳׯ԰ģҸȡ裬ȥ˰ɣһסȥڻھ¥ء
ˮЦվ
źԺȥˮǰ˵үӣҵүӣߵķǵǿϢ֮
ĪǸǿߣ
үү
ת䣬ֱ߽һСԺһеȲ迴һ鼮̧ͷ
үӺã
˴к
ȴǿˮһ˲һ˿ʣܿȥȴǱˮˣˮ֪ʲôԭ
Сˣǣ
˻վ˵
λүү˵ģҽǿ
Ͻ˵
ˮû뵽Ҳǻ˵Լҽǿǿֲ֪ˮͨ仰֪ӦкܶҽʦҶ޹˶ѾųΪˣȻ˵
ˮ˶ֳݣޱȣ̧ͷ˿ȥ֪ܿ˵ơ
ͻʱһҪľһֱͣһ۷崦


1017 ˣңǰħţܳ
һҽʦȥɣǲǻΡ
ƺܿġ
ʹ˳϶һ˿⣬ΪһܴӦˣû뵽ô˳
졣
˿ˮº͵Ц
ˮ֪˿ѾϳоҲô֣ϾħԼֵòСʵ֪ҲΪ
ϴ𣿡
ˮ΢Ц߹ȥ
۾Ӧָôϴء
˺ǺЦʾˮ¡
˼ҵľ˵Ĳᰡ
ˮ˵
ˣʱ̫ˣŻ䵽ôˣôͷ
ƺرĺ档
׼ңԹׯ԰û뵽еׯ԰˼ҵġ
ˮоҲͦģҲһεĽ
ˮĲ̫棬Ϊʵ̫ˣˮԸоеϤҪ˿Ĵڡ
ŶǸׯ԰͸ˣǵĸ
˿ĵ˵仰˵ûпķУǷĵĿһ
˵ϳɾˮ͸оǰ˾ָоﻹǺܿĵģЦ˵ллϵĺ⣬һǸϿκҪҲ١
Ҫǲ⣬ͺϸɡ
˼Ц˵
ϸ磬ҾͲˡ
úã
˿Ц
ϵܣ֪ıºܴ˻𣿡
еʵ
ģҼȻ˵аκá
ˮ϶˵
Ƶʱ䲻ˮƾǺǿģһʱʱ䣬ý̱ԪҪһЩʱ侲

ϵܣĺˣ̫ˡ
ϸ磬ȥ¼ˡ
һȥ
Ǵׯ԰Ϊˣ֪ˮκںһޱȣнȫ˵ġ
ʲôģЩǺܿ죬סׯ԰ˮҲǺܿģԺҲˣݡ
ˮھʹˣΪм䣬ȥݡʥݡʤݡհʲô˵ܷ㣬ݻĺüŮˣ䡢ľˡƶˣﲻԶҲǵ۳ļҡ
ˮڿ죬ȻôʵһˣˮһЩ
ϸ磬һȽ죬ԻҪϸ֪һЩ顣
ˮɵ˵
Ŷϵ֪ʲôʣ֪Ķϸ˵
̽ӵ
˵ֽͣҵĶμүүҲϵĴ壬Ϊ˴±Ƚϵ͵
֪һЩħŵ
ˮͣһ²Ż˵
ħţ
͵ɫ
ţôϸ磬ǲǺΪѣĲᳶκһ˵ġ
ˣϵܣҲ˵Ǹ֪ҴǸ档
̾˵
ˮҲһ㶣û뵽ΪӦû֪һЩģҲǣ˫֮Ĳ̫ˡ
ϵܣħǿޱȣϸ粻֪ʲô飬ǲ³ç츳ױȣЩҪһ̡
˵ر档
ףˣϸ磬ħŵĵصӦ֪ɡ
ˮЦ˵
һ֪ģħϡ
̾˵֪ˮҪʲôֹģֻܴȰ
ʳħµĵصˮͣ˴кͳȥˣڣʲôҲõġ
һγȥֻΪȥûдʲô
ħλڳһ͵ɽϣ֮һħžͽħϣһҪҵĸݵһ㶼Ὠɽϣɽϣǵ
ħǣ
ħ¾ħУħһӴɽ򣬶ħžɽеħϣ˵ɽϵеߡմ
ˮŽֱħǷȥڸ߿ܿ˲࣬оӭһЩ޷ݶᷢͣˮĽȥŷУҲɫ԰ס
ΪһЩǿĽǰһЩɱ˲仯Ϊҽˮûɱĳ嶯
ħݳǵıԵꡢƸڵȣʵźܶطݳУݳΧĳǳҲС
һݳǣзü
Ƿ˺ܶţŵħûзôӴ󣬵ħԱȽϾӢ࣬ʤһǾӢħŸʤ̭ţ˾Ӣڲ⻹ӴһЩŵӣԵúӴ󣬵ڷڵֻˡ
ٶȺܿ죬첻ʱѾϵħǣлǺܺãټϽĿٶȡ
ħǾݳҲ·̣ˮоǿĺôݰǺҪġ
ݻûȥļŮˣȶȥǣҲü˼ǡ
ˮ޳ȻħǳɣӦҲǰħŵˣ޳ֱ˵ǰħš
֣ȥħš
ˮżԦ޳˵
һЦֵܣ⳵ħţɣҰ͵ǰħŵĵطΣ
⣬ȥڣһ޳͵пܲǷڵڵأͷǾͶлˡ
ˮûٸ˳ѣܿ쳵Ӿͣһܴׯ԰ׯ԰̫ݻȴǺܸߴ󣬱ΧҪߴ١
ֵܵˣᰲȥħţƺѡ
ָָׯ԰ˮ˵
ллˣ
ˮׯ԰ϵңд֣ħţ֪ʲô壬е壬ֻ־͸оһѱһһɵɷ
ſվʮˣż򵥵ʿˮʯ׺Ϊ׵ǰ
˵Ǻܿˮ̧ͷЦſԼꡣ
ܲҿһ
ˮһ㶣֪ܿ˱ƼӦǲýȥģˮҡҡͷЦûԽȥǹµģ˵ˮˡ
ˮ˵ǸоԼħŵļӦûǺģԼǰǻᱻӼ
ˮǸˮ
ƺرľȣлš
ɫһ˷ɱȥȴĿˮԵȣѾȥ֪ͨܳϡ
ܿһ˳Ӧþеܳϣʵֻ۷壬һܵͼ︺ǰħŵ鵹Ҳǲˣǿħܣ˭Ρ
ͿСˣ뷢԰ףӰҲԵ̬ӣһϮ۴ѩ׵뷢ϺĿ֮˿ͨ
ˮ
˿ˮе㾪ȣȻûмˮ񣬺ͻе˵Ҳ
ϸоð𡣡
ˮЦ˵һ䡣
⵹ҲǣŶˣʲô飿
ܳϺɻôҲ뵽ˮħŲѾܲˣԼȴҪʲô
ħűҪ׷ɱˮģȴǱħͫҪԴˮҲԭˮŻôͣò˵ħͫǰˮĴæˡ


1018 ټħͫ
⵹ҲǣŶˣʲô飿
ˮɻܳϣ΢Ц˵Ҫһħ˵Ļϵˣܼá
ܳüͷһ壬ħʲô˶ܼãˮƽҲǰ棬ЦˮͷҴħ˵ϻˡ
ܳôĴӦˮԭģΪħͫ⽻ģˮҪħžʹԼ
ӦôʹˮҲһȣˮΪҪһ£ҪʱҪһֽűƶԷҪԱ¶档
ȻƽĽãϾħźͷڵ鲻ôýģ˫ûпԵڵĿԣԻħĽһҲ֡
ҲҲ֪֣һͻ᲻ܲˣ󲻵ȴҲǵŮ
ǾܳˡˮЦſһ䡣
ڶɣ
ܳ˵꣬һֻڳ֣ܳʾһˮ˺ڵıϣˮϣħŷݣںħͫ鳤ϵ˵ĺھͲԶˡ
Զȥˮվܳԣû˵ܿҪħеݵˣʱ˵Ҳ
ħ𣿡ܳ˵ģʻֻ˵˵һ
ħżһ˵ġˮһ˵
һˣܲ˵˵֪֪ܳƺˮҪ˺Ȥ
ȷҪˮЦʵ
ܳϿˮЦһҲ֪Ϊʲôȴԥˣһʱ䲻֪òýӻ
ħ֪𣿡ˮ±֪˵ûܴ֪һʲô
ħޣħŵˣôûأܳɻĿˮ
ʵܳϵ˼һʱҲתĺܿ죬ħ֮˶ħŵҪˣħ֮˱ϡ٣ħﻹһЩ
ˮû˵ˣ֪ûбҪ˵ˣڶˣʮˣ˵ħޱʮˣôҲֻħŵļ֪ɡ
˵ѾһƬӴɽУٷ˰ʱʯףܳͣú¡
ˮҲû˵ʲôΧʯײ󣬵ѵϷȥʯѾʼһׯ԰бȥׯԺıһ񣬲ɽ飬꣬ʵѾٽɽΧƽɽʯ̵ıػҪǿˣԲõɽϹʯʲô
һֱߵɽԿһĶׯԺ£ͳһĽȻ룬ߵһ
һɽϣ˾Ͷˣ󲿷ֶǺɫ·ܳкܶ˴кҲеˮֱܶϳˮ
ǶǺܾȣϾˮħӡ󲻺ãħͫΪħһ˵ǰֻܱѹŴ򣬾鳤ҲˣǸħŷųħŲҪ
½ҲˣųĻħħֹͫħŶˮľٶҪԶִˮһӡ
ħûж֣ˮڿħͫϵǰĿ꣬ϵļԼǶ֡
ʵʲôҪҸ֣жֵ¿Խܿ죬ٱٶȼӿ졣
Ҫˮд裬ܳ˵ħͫҪˮǶͰˣǰҲеٻħţˮҲȴ֪ʵɱˮ۶գġ
߽һǺ۵ׯ԰⴦ׯ԰ܴǰƺֺüСԺ䣬ſܳߵҲǿ˵ڲڡ
ڣܳʲô飿ĿҲʮĿ˵
鷳˵£˵ˮˡ
ãϾȥ
ˮħŵϢܿﴫˮħرĳһ˶֪
ȥһ˽ȥǰܳ˵
ˣӾħŹˡܳˮЦ
лܳˡˮЦ˵ΣܳϰԼġ
ˮħͫ鳤־ΪԷħŵˣ֪ĸħ޵ʱ򣬸оӦǶԵġ
ħħ޵ʵҲûа취飬ֻܹһԵͬ˻Ҵ嶪ʲôҲܶ棬ʲôҲܵͷ
οЩǵͷҲнԲŵ顣
ˮ߽ׯ԰һȥ͸ܵǿϢȻͼ˵ʵ࣬⻹һɽǧµϢӦħͫϢӦǱħͫ˰ɣħŹȻǿ
ׯԺ˲࣬ˮźԺȥΪǰѾˮħͫںԺǸǧʵϢҲںԺӦħͫ
Ժܿ㣬С㳡һԶԶĿһɫ·ħͫԼеޣʱˮսӿ
ħĵһˣΧκδӵܣͬû˿ѹԼ򣬵꣬ȫѹԼɵĴԼ
ʵ٣ȻûоģˮһΡ
ˮ΢Ц˹ȥ
ּˡˮħͫЦɣнħͫǿս⻯⡣
ħͫ𾪣Ҫ֪һ˱һ˻ΣյģȻ֪ˮɱȻһξͲ顣
ҪٺһΣħͫŬԼս⣬ȴǲ롣
սⶼ޷ˣ㲻Ҷ֣ҲĶ־ȻԺʵˡˮɵ˵
ҪٴһΣʧܣħͫ˵
ˮҪܾģȴЦŴԣҪӦһ
ħͫüӦһҪħԼҲܴӦתһȴ̾̾ԼûдѾˡ
ҲӦʲôġħܸͫɴ˵
⵹ˮ⣬Ϊʲôģû뵽ֱӾܾ
ѵͲ֪ҽʲô𣿡ˮѾûʲôսħͫҲ֪ԼĶְɣΪڵʵ͵Լһ㲻硣
Լ˵ġħͫЦˣһƺš
ˮҲЦˣ˵ǶԵģԼ˵ԼˮʵҲֻὲҪˣüʹ򣬴ͺ̸ˡ
ԸЧģԸõľʵѹסǣܲܣԾ֪ˡ
Ҫһˡ
ˮħֱͫ˵
ʱħͫȴͻȻˣȴӮ˵ɣ
ӰѸٵˮˮѹ˫ȵĲ졣
ħͫʱʵӲ٣Ȼоǰˮ磬ǲģҪԣʱĴ󲿷ʱ䶼ٶϡ
һоٶϱȫѹƣоԼٶȺͲ˺ܴĽӦܼһʱ䡣
ˮһ㶣û뵽ħͫǲģųħͫˮҲ̾츳ĺǿʱսһأϧԼʱֻ÷츲صı仯


1019 ûֹҼħޣħ
ˮųħͫʵСָܰƽ΢΢ǰһ˫ֿʵĴһ֮
ֻһֻ޴İɫ޻ˮдֱӭħͫȥʵԶԶĳħͫǧǵĹ֪¡
޴İ׻ӰɱϢħͫȥضΪ֮ɫ޴ϢסħͫһħͫʧɫѾ֪ԼˮĲ࣬ȴǷֶ㶼޷㡣
ˮ΢ЦſѾּϴħͫʱǿϢ˲ħͫߣֽˮİ׻顣
ǰˮĻζһ޴ĻצӣȴǿԴһȫΣȻҲǴӣȻ磬ǻǿ֮
ˮûٶ֣ǾĿŻ͵ħ֪ͫһθħͫĳ̫ˣˮ֪ħͫû£нĳɾͱļ֮ˣԽԽܼǱܡ־
ˮڿħͫߵˣ˴ڵ·ͷֺڰӵ֣˵Ӱֱûк룬ûʲôƣϤ˻о˺ᡣ
ˮ֪˵ѾСˣʱҲǾȵĿˮǰҲγ֣֪Լ˵Ĵڣ˵Լʵ
˾޾źܺÿĽüʱˮ̾˵
˼ҿ佱ˣˮһ䣬ڵħͫӦ̡
˵ɣҪʲôˣ˵ſ˵˵ıӺͦоԱȽ
ˮƬ̲Ż˵ħޣ
ˮŶԷ۾һգգ˵ħ޺
ҲǹĿˮعħͫȵĿˮҪСã
ˮ̫֣Ͼ˵ħħ֮ŮħͫӦúԼ£ͺħͫҲӦòࡣ
Ѿںܶˡ
ħͫŻ˵
ˣ
ˮһ㶣Ȼܣһһֱħͫ۾ûһ˿Źһ뵽֮ǰħͫ䣬ܸожԷԾ
ҼȻ֪ڡˮĿⶢħͫǿľ˲ȥ

˿ˮħֱͫˮѹͬʱǰһħͫ
֮
ˮӴѹֱѹȥ޺ֱߵľһ룬߹ҲöԷľ񹥻ɵЧ
һ߱ˮľ͸ӿ
ˮȾֱֻһ¾ɫ԰ףԾ˺Ѿˮˡ
ҵŮҪħޣҪǻݣҲ飬ûж⣬һǸҪħޡˮħͫᶨ˵
ħͫҲ֪ΪʲôԷһδ飬ߵϻ˶ô򵥵ĻܣжǿԼΪŮ˺СˣСõ˲Լ𣿵˭
ʱħͫìޱȣˮ￴һҪСõģҿҲСòڵϢԼô죿
ԥʱΧϢӿܿͳʮߣʵȻǧ£һȻǧ߰ǵġ
ħǳɣĵǿķڶҪ֪ǿսܴӮ䶼Ҫķչ
ˮųֵЩˣûʲô仯ǿħ֪ͫħͫܲϣѡ
ˮСĲˡ
ѣΪǰľÿ𣿡ˮЦſħͫ
ˣݲ
һΪ׵ͻȻˮȵ
ˮŲһֱ̧ӳֿУ˫۶Ǹߣ˵һԣ
ûе˵ˮȴֿħͫѾãֻЩҪħ˵ϣȷѡû˿ֹҼħޣЩȴҪװġ
ˮ˵ʱȴǰʵɢһǿѹֱǰǸȴû˵˫۷絶Ŀˮ·˹һ
Ƕ°ɣ
ʱԶһˮܵԷϢҲһأǿ󣬶ƺˣֻǧǣˮ֪Էǧô򵥡


үү

ˮѾڲԶˣֻ΢ϣĸӲرĸߴ󣬵ȴεƣһʵλߵϢͷȴǰˣϵҲǺϸСǵ˫۴ŵЦ⡣
˰ڰ֣˰ħͫ뿪ˣˮˣû뵽ħȻһرˡ
ˣͷҽ쿪ˣͷȥȱΡЦˮ˵
֮ã˼룡
ˮҲû뵽ôͼħҲǰչˮԶȥ
ԱȽƫƧһׯԺ徲Χ֮ûбׯԺĵԽϸߣΧׯԺһš
߽һ䷿ݣ΢Цʾˮ£ʵһ߽ˮ͸ܵΧһɵľָо˵

ˮºһŮŲ˽Ůĸݣȴһ˫ķۡ
Ӹͦϸ壬һԿɵķȷʵһ飬ˮҲһ
Ѿͷˮ˵˵ɣѵи˵˺ǺǵЦ
ˮҵŮ䣡˺ǺǵЦ
ˮȻŮ˵۾ͻĺ񣬵оħŲôԼħ޵ģοħͫ˵ħ޲ˣȻš
ã
Ů΢Цźˮк
С㣬ãˮһ䣬ȻͿˡ
˼ңҺħŵӦҲ˵ˣʲôΪУҽһˣӵһԸˮ˿żɽ˵
Ҫޣ˳˼һῴˮʵ
ˮ˵ĻкŮ˾ȵĿҲֻǾȣʲôҲû˵
˼һҪħޡˮ˵ն
֪޵𣿡̾˵
֪һЩ̫ϸ
Եܲ˵˵⣬ʲô㣬һ޵ġ˿ˮЦ
Ҳе㲻ӵԸŮܺͺʲôϵʮˣҲʮɡ
ʮǰħȻںħŴȥǻһŮ棬ܲɣҵӡˮ˵ȴһֱǸкŮˡ
ˮ֪˼Ůӹղ˵ĻرǾ䡰ѵи˵оеΡ
ǸкŮ˾ȡϲá˼ȴҧס촽ŬԼ÷еʪ¡
ħޣĸףˮֱӿŽкŮ˵ᶨľȥ


1020 ħޣħŵ˳
ˮ˵꣬Ů˱ȥʱȴǿˡ
ˮ̽ˣҵŮޣҡҡͷֹˮľ̽Ůʱȴǳҭ
֪Ůħ޺ҲһҵŮʲôҲͺ˵ˣŮ˴ʱϵˮСϪһţˮŮ˵ˮôࡣ
ˮ𣿡ħ޲ſˮʵ
ܺãǰǻ˼Ҷûкӣһӣ顣ˮ΢ЦſŮЦ
ķħ۾Ŀˮ
ǵģѾһɰŮˮ˵ʱҲһҸ
Ů˿ˮɫҲһܰŮˣ֪ŮʲôҪԿᵽŮɫƽһЩǹ뿴ŮȴԽԽǿִٲ̿Ů
СѾͷǱƲѣ˺ѷεĸоڻǻգЩһֱŬԼȥ룬ŮϢһʱʧء
һԳĬǰ˵Ůħ޺û˵ɫܸӣħ֮ǸøףŮϲ˭ԴӦǼ޸ڵˣֻҪŮҸν
ɹؼŮϲǷڵˣҷǲͬ⣬ŬҲɣֻʹŮڼ
ħŸ˵ӡԱȽϸһ㣬˵ڸ˵ӡȽϺã½ʵǿΪһνûڵӰ컹ǺܴģǲħϾڱϷڵҪԶԶħŵġ
Ҳûа취ֻǿŮˮٿŮˣоŮҲܿˣĸҲѶá
뿴Ѿͷħ޹òĿˡ
ħͻӳȥҲʮǰ飬ҲѾ֪֮ڵľ޴蹵֮һ˳ǿڣȻûϣ
ˮʵҲûаգΪĸҲסʱĿ飬ʷ𣬵о»
ˮ֪ħǲǻûгɼңڿħ޻ûУˮĸоȷ˼Ůġ
ˮʮˣҲ֪滹иŮʵЩҲһֱϣҵǵ˳ɼңȥϾͻǲܵģѾͷԸһ˶Ҳټˡ˿Ů̾ˮ˵
ˮȻ뵽ħûټˣʮʱֹݼֲ֪ΪΪ˭ˮǺ
ĸ黳ͼСӺܸжĸʲôԸ𣿡ˮħ˵
ҺŮҲôϣһֻһҲ㡣ħ̾˵˵ͿЦԼҡҡͷ
ٴ̾ˮҲΪԼʲôˡˣԼĺӺˣҲԼѣҶҲǽıģħŲЩֺõɲô࣬һ֪ĳħʱ򣬵֪ѾͷԸʵֵĿΪ㣬˵ʲôȱҲã֪ǸϼһĳӲڶԴϣҲĺӶ࣬ɼ
ˮ֪˻˼ħͬŮͻһûãˮ֪Ȼħţڷڡ
ܾȣҲãʡȥ鷳ʱħٰԼ͸ðˡ
ĸӣһԸֻҪԸҾͰɡˮħն˵
ˮҪ嶯ڲô򵥣ȻҲú㣬⵱׵ܺܡ˲ˮŮòƽµģΪûĻֻŮʹ
ħ׵Ļ󣬱糺ƽɬˮЦЦллˮϣúõĶôˣѾϰˡ
ĸҴòáˮ΢Ц˵
ģħ޾ϲڴĿˮ
ȥʱܿˮЦ
Ҳˣħ޼嶼ڲ
ˮЦŵͷ
ħתͷˣȥôˣҺ룬ҶԲҲܿˡ
ҿĵŮôˣ֪Ѵ֪ʲôôŮ𣿡
ħῴˡ
۽Ҳеʪ󣬵ͷȻˮˮҸѣڵ֪Σˣǲŵġ
ˮһ𣬻Ȼŷû˺ҲܣǸʲôһְѷƽ
ˮƽϵҲһţȴ˾ˣʲôʵôǿͫħһֺʲôҲ㣬˵ϺɢʵѾľˣһɢоֲ
ħҲһȴ¶ĵЦݡ
ĸɣˮЦħ˵
ҽ͹ȥҵȲħˮ˵ĸʱˣΪ־ͻһŮ֡
ȥȥɣ
˿ħεĿ΢Ц˵
ˮ׼£Եȣ
ã
ħѸ뿪ʣˮˣͣһˮ˵˼ңħŵ˶𣿡
̧ͷˮһŻ˵࣬ϲ̨棬ֲĻ
ǷΣΣˮȤʵ
ҲǣںħűҲǰȻҲ˭Ҳκβ˭ľ棬ݵˮ̫ˮݷڵʵС㲻Ҫçײƺˮͼ
⣬˼ң֪ǿܷӳʲôʵˮԥһʳ
ˮĻˮɫҡҡͷ˵ģ̫ǰʱǿǿóǧǵʵڲ
ǰǰǧǵʵǿʹǧǵʵڲ֪ȥ޻ޣˮڰǧǵĻǺܵģǧǾҲ쳣ѣаǧʵݵĶԭģȻһȥݣʵѾ޷ǰѲ
ʱħ˳һЦ˴кҺˮȥˡ
˵ͷ·Сģ
˼ҷģһˮЦ˵
ã˵Ļ˿ĵЦš

ˮǷȥˮû뵽һκ˳ħŲˣҪʱԼһ֮ǾԼ鿿ñˣȻħûҪôʹࡣ
ħ޿ŽٿˮҲǸߣһ㲻۷壬ħɣħŮʵôҫۡ


1021 ĸŮʮĽ
Žǿٵĸȥ
ǰˮ뵽˵Ļ÷֪Ĵںһϣһ뵽ˮŭҶʲôжǲġ
ˮϷڵʱѻ˵ģ˵ˮеԥˮȥȼƼûпܡ
ˮ
ˮʱħĺˮ
ˮһô˲ĸ
ħеһһ֪Ц˳ӦҪˣ˷ܻŰɡ
֪𣿡ħʵ֪ԼĻǲԶֵ֪ҲܺãֻҪԼ֪ܺʵҲˡ
ĸ֪ǵĴڣС֪ĸСʱ͸ԼҲлô֪ǵĴҲΪǸҵġˮ΢ЦŽ˵
ǲǺԹңħ仰ʱ
⵹ûУΪĸȲѲģҲǵǰ֪ǵġ
ˮ˵һЩҺһħеĿˮ˵
ǸŮӡ
ˮ뵽һκٵ˵ţħһԾţϹŵ΢Ц
֪ѾǣˮЦſенħޣĸҪţģһܿġ
ˮԶ㣬ȥ𣿡
ã
ˮ֪ħ޵飬ŮоǷܶ࣬˼ͣںܾǰͣ͵̵һ졣
һ㱻ĺӶĸ˼ȻܶԹޣвѵԭ
ħ޺ܼϾҪԼĹ⣬Ǹ۵Ӥʹ˵ĺӣʱ˺ѷεʹ£ɸоʹʹĸо
ת޳ǵҸȥܿ㵽ſڣ޳ȥħվſڿׯԺܼ
ĸǽȥɣˮЦħ˵
ˮļ𣿡
ԣԺҲҵļˡ
һ˵ˮħȥûԺҲУڻû㡣
һȥԶ֣ڡ

ʱ񿴵ˮɿ˹һӱסˮҲֻˮߵŮʱһ㶣һֵĸо
ѾͷûеƤˮЦʵ
ˣôƤգŴ۾Ц
ħ۾һգգĿŻһ۾֪ŮԼŮΪԼĺر˫۾
ҲָоͻȻ뵽ʲôˮƺѯʡ
ˮЦû˵ħ߹ȥ
˵еܼͣ۾˲ͺˣʱҲǴĿŮˣѾ֪Ů˵ˣֻû뵽ˮôܴ
ǻǣȻѾ֪ˣʵ
ŮҵŮħˮֱ˳ǰıס
ģͻȻֵеУĸףԼĸףڸоŮ˱ס˲䣬о֮һϵһ
ҵŮ׶Բ㡭
ףҶ֪ˣҲܿˡ۾˵Ů˵Ҳ̲ס˳
ĸײû飬֪ȲѣʹȻеԹޣȻ֪ԼΪʲôҪԼ
ϺˣԲԹ𣿡ħ޿Żġᡢ˵
ԹޣԹΪʲô֪ҿΪʲôҪҡ˵
Ǵӵһ˭ҲʶǵĵطһڹͨںħŲֲ֪βŰˣʱҵķ·˺һһ뵽ʱ㿴ҿ޺ӣôСƺ֪Ҫ뿪㣬СץҵôҲɡ
ħ޵Ļһ˲Ľƺ⿪ˣıסоŮˣָоУһεĴӽһҲѪĸо
ףҵˣ̧滨ĵ˵
ħ޺ܿģʮĵһ죬ֲŻˮо㣬㡣
ټŮѾ޺ˣʮһֱ㣬Ҳȥ㣬Ϊ֪һŹġ
Ҫɱ𣿡һħޡ
ɵѾͷôɱ㣬ˡħ֪˵˭
ˮһ߿ǣѾȥԺˡ
ãħɿ¶ЦݣȻˮﾫµСѾͷѾͷˡ
Ϲ۴ˮнӹŮųҸЦݣţ
ʲôŰСʵ
ħŤŤЦĺܿġ
źԺȥһԺ˶ڣȻٲһܣҶ֪Բûж֡
¸ǿĵħ޵˵ʲô
鲻һִӳֱʮҲǸоᣬڸǿġ
ĵĻħޣζû뵽н죬ѾͤͤѾΪĸŮоܿģ㣬֮ǰʵһֱŲµľŮ˵ȥ
ˣˣˣֻ֪ǲǻ÷ڷǲʲôˣô죿
֪Ůܵڰã˵û˵û֪иŮ棬һůҲǺںںŮġ
ûжʻ飬֪ΣգäĿˮգ뱩¶ԼĿ
ħȻʲô֪Ҳ˵оʹ˰ֵĴ㣬ŮڹúܺãѾõĽ֣ڶǸ˵˼ֻĵףԶĵס
ˮͼ˰ѿռĸŮȥ˴ʱҺܶҲǺĿˮƺʲô
С˵ʲô˵ɣŲ𣿡ˮЦʵ
ˮ磬᲻ȥڰ౴Сĵʵ
ʵҺܶ˶ʣֻǶûʳҲͨ;˵˽⵽ٹڷںħŵ飬֪ǵǿ󣬵ȻҲ֪ħ޵飬Ҳһֱˮô
ȥΪʲôȥȥҲͲˡˮЦ˵
Ƿĺǿˮ磬ܿ죬ҪҪͣһЩʱ䣬ȻﲻɩӣԼҲΣա౴е㽹˵
СѾͷˮʲôʱûаյ顣ˮЦԴ
һ·౴ôߣҲСˣǺЦСôˣûпõӡ
ˮҸϳ𣿡౴˵
ˮͷϵ亹Сɻ飬һǵţ


1022 ʥԵĺ
һħңôûкܶ໰Ҫ˵ˮȴҲԼĴ㣬ݵķڷ־ֻ߾ţžеһš
ڶʤݵʱڽͣһ£ǶһΣʵڽ֪һЩ򵥵ķ
µķɸ˵һЩڵ飬ȻֻһЩƤëڵľŲǺŽᣬڶϵһ¡
ţ
ǻڵţǻƼҵˣĵӣˮҪȥһħš
һڶˮͻħԼħŸȥ
һ·ħޱ񣬼СкĺͺóԵľͰСѾͷˣҲ˶յħ޵ȫзݣµء
˿ⶫﶼǹޱȣˮҲҲⶫҲмУһ״һĽ˿ȹԵĿԿҪΡ
ħ޲Ůһл⣬нΪˮħʲô֪ˣˮĸס
Ҫ͸ôܣµﻻϣѰµһˣһкޱĽˮˣһУˣʦװ¸¥ˣҲ׽һѾ꣬оҺůܰ
ţƯһƯ񿩿ķЦ
ˮҲǺЦѾͷͻСˣ˵ҲǷУֻҪÿŮСѾͷҪ֪һ˵Ưͻкô
Сͷ˵˵Ưħ޺ϲСѾͷ

֪ѾħţһֱӷɵħϿգħŵ˿ž޴͵ĽĽ
ħһЩϻҲر𾪣ΪЩ˸ܵʵÿ£Щ˻ǿԿܷӳʵֻ˵ôǿжǿ
һǲ˵ʵǿ󣬵ȻҲУ١
ħż˼ҲǧǶʵħǿϻˣǼ֣ԼҲֻǿ
֮Էɹħˮģħħһֱħ䣬ֻħųϻħұ֮˲֪ħޡ
ΣħŮû˸Ҷħ˵ʲô
һտĵط£ˮԶ˵ӰѾվ˵ӰϹſĵЦݡ

ħ˷ܵļһ˿ŮôĵһΣŮģȻҲܿġ
ɣһᣬŻ˵ܴ飬νݼڣҲΪǺ޵Ů
ﲻ൫Ҳ٣ŮҲ٣ǰȴǲòп
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1023 ڵ̽ǿ
ˮ֪һҪȥţֻ֪жٰգ
˵֮ſˮ˵ǰħҲȲѣڷǿĴڣûκΰ취ֻסԼŮȥȻԷڵֶΣŮȥһһк³
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1025 ˣմ
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м˾еĽɫ⵶ܿıѪɫϵҲѸٵӣȻѹƣӵĺܿ졣


1026 նɱʮˣ˺
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Ǻǿģ󷨱任ǧˮҲռ󷨶ѡԼĻ˴ƲǵĽ⡣
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Ѫǿˮܴǧǣ˱ס˭Ҳûа취ˣմڷҲ󷨡
ˮɵĶ㿪еİҲǴһǸоˮٶȺʵǿôǿѾǳˣҲģΪǻзմǿɱﵣȴû뵽ȫסǧǵȴû˿ֹˣôܲǾȡ
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ˮŻһ˿ѪȵߣԼĿԣ֪ǰǶԼֵʱ򣬾ûд뿪
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˹ǰŮ۾οСҲ壬̫ˡ
һ򵥵ʺȻŴȥ

ܿʹݿٶȿ޿ݣʮԽ弶߾ûˣôܲ𺳡
ħŵõϢ˷ޱȣ˸оһεľ̫ˣоˮһһѷڽüȮ÷ڵʵ
ˮʵʵǳ˵ϡħ޿˿ƽ˵ϸͻᷢеһ˿Ρ
ޣԸҲҪʵˣǵ˸Ů˺ǺǵЦ
ħ޿Ŵ⣬ɵúԶԶƺǵϤӢӰ
ðɣûٳɻ顭
ＸҪһ㣬Щ鲻ܲʣлһ˿ΣһֱŮڵƺ»һ
ˣ֪ԼȥĶˡ

ڳϻᣡ
ϵһɫ࣬˿ޱȣһӲӵӣѩ׵뷢һɢңȴһ˫ɣӣʱڷŭȫ
ϣС̫ɱҷʮϡµһ˷ŭ˵
ȻҶܷŭܽܣȥʮڵģŶǸһǰ˵ǸҲǽڵġ
µĳȻŭڿϣеڿڵĳϡ
˿ｫٸһᾪޱȣÿһٶǧǵʵÿһ˵ﶼһĴڣǷڵĵ̡
ϣҪǸСӣȻҷҪɨˡһųŽɫɮµСĵ˵
Ǹްں˷ţ飬ԼʧȥλСƽڶҪܵصӰ졣
Ѿַŵ飬Χϵͳ𣺡λʲôõ
ϣ˵һ˳Ϊɮӣ˵񻯺ԶʱںعĻһὫǸˮɱһֵ¶ŴƤЦ


1027 Сү֮
¶ŴƤֺ˵Ļ˶ǿĴϣЩ˵ɫ죬Ͼ֮ĹϵܸӣҪΪڵȡ棬Ҫ͸ź
ϿշˣҲΪ̫֣ƤܰףûͷͺӣΨѩ׵ĳüë˻ҪᣬԵرĴ顣
г˵⣬нʮˣǷڻϲڵˣʵҲرǿ
ϴʱüͷš֪Ѿֻ˵ˣȻԼλþͿȥˣҲŶ
ҴӦǣһҪȥ˵ȻҽڵĵӣǽɮΨһӣʵҲֻǹŸѣҲ֪ɮʲô˰ɡε˵

ڣ
Ҳû뵽ᵽĵزϿҲͷˣ黹Ҫꡣվһɽһĸߴ˵š
ڵ۸߰忴ر׳رĿ񣬽ڵĹҪ壬ǿ൱Ŀ¡
Сү֣Ǻ⣬СүǿС֮塯ǸˮԴ򵹰·մǣСүʤ㲻ڱƽɮְ̾˵
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һ˿Ļһᾪһӣ׶ôô˵Ҳٽ࣬Ϊһ㣬һŴԴô۾񵫲ͣһ˿鶯˸о䲻
ֻ첲˵Ȼ֣ȭͷȥƺҪһСɽԲԶһֻɫİӣ׶೤гô֣ȫʯɣͻȻԶһӰ
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ͽĺԼԵһԺͿӵн֮СӣѾﵽһ˿ֲĸ߶ȡ
ˣ֪ˣһȥɮ˵
ĵ뿪ˣڳʲôҲܰƽ

ڵˮǺУҪؼһεģֻǱˮֹˣȥٻȥ
վһƫԺǵСԺ䣬ҵׯԺܴСׯԺʱˮ͵ԺͤкȲ裬ͤˮϣԿܵˮеϺ£ܰ
ˮڵĶ棬ŵһְֻţ־Өʮָϸ޳ĸо
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һµסˣɣ֪ˮͻȻ񾭣ĻңܿɬĻӦ
ˮһ˱ţ֪ĵѾĻһֻҲǼͦأһץ֮£ַ顣
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ˮֻɸ̴ͦɵߣֲַǵ۳ǵ㣬ѩļһ˿ĺΣ޳ķ۾ػһĻȡ
ǰһɱ¾һڵ۳֮ǰԵ㣬ѾһȥޣһƲס˺ӣȥҪʮ꣬бİ취ǰݡ
ˮץǵԾ˱ѩ壬ŵɬĽգѾֹˮֻǽıˮֵҶ
ˮѾһ˱ǹŵԲβӵĻҡ
Ѿ·°ڳȥûκμסѩ壬һղס⻬ꡭ
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ˮ㲻֪ʲôܣڴˮĽӴֻֿţһʱ顣
ǲǺΪڳ㡣ˮζĿŵЦ˵
㣬˵ͷˮ
ҵŮˣ˭ҲߣҲܲˣҪǱûţΪ򡭡
ȥűûšˮšһ¡
úãұûţǸɣˮҧŵĶ䣬صĶˡ
㽿һ仰ֱӻһ󴳿ˮڳԻġ̡Ϊǳ̣Ǹ棬ҪԼġ
ˮҲû뵽ӦôԼüαŮ˿һЩҲ֪Ů뵽ЩͷĶд˸ȦҲ֪ˮʹˮһС¥ȥ˼ͷҽϲš
˵ֱӾˡ
ˮЦſǹʧ̾棬ȻԵڻǲܰѾͶ뵽Ů֮ϣʱ䳤ˣ谭
ˮѾϿգŽ󣬰սʹ˺ܾûõһ
ǰڽվʵ㣬һҲûʲôЧһʵڲһˣʵǿˣԼʹһС


1028 һ֮
ˮͽһˮʹóʵϧعֻ֮İ£Ѿܿ͹ˣοڵĽս࣬ˮսʹá
ڵ˲ٶȶϣҪǿۼףװȫһֻˮİǵʵǽҲǱİʵΪˮͽһ塣
һˮñǽڴһ¿Ըպôǵʵοһʱýʵõõʹá
ˮоеǿϾʵе̫ǿ
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ϹǿǱˮڵһλǸҲǵĺڣҪƺҪܳʱ䡣
ĽѾ󣬵ԽԽʵԽԽ̣ˮ֪һЩʵ
ǰ𵤻һһıĳ磬ȵ𵤲ٱʱǵڽ׶ΣﵽȫʵʱǺڽ׶ΣʱԲ磬пͻƣƶ
Ϲǿˮ˾֮ƣҲ֮ˮ֪Σڿǿ
һϹǿ󣬻ϢһᣬʱˮɾؿΪҪľ
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Ǿơ÷ơ¶ƣ¶ȡ÷ϻһЩҩϵ¶飬¶Ƹ⵹ˮ֮ϲ
ֻƵĹ̺鷳٣Ϊ¶Ƶܶ࣬ǰˮֻΪǧϵɰ֦ϵ¶ܣڿţˡ
ֻ¶̫Сˣɼ鷳Եˮе¶Ҳûж٣ٵģ൱
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һСݳһܰСôȥͽһöӣȭͷСɫģһȦΡ
ֻа˸ߵСһȭͷСĹʵȴǿܹ죬ɫСԶԶȥһػ棬ȴһö޴󡱵ķŹεɫʵ
ˮȴǿʵֻҲһ֣δ죡
ˮֺܹ֪ⶫǺö񣬻˵ڵġɻӣܸܵӵĿ

ʱѾǽѾȥˣˮɾʱ̶ܲһ㲻ǰҹǺҹ
ˮ߳󲿷ֵѾϢȻҲеĻվڴ̨Ͽҹڵλһ֣ʱϵ˻ҹҲֻǲŸոտʼѡ
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ˮ߽мķ䣬ţһСķ䣬ڷſˮѵЬӣѩ׵ĵ̺
һɵŮ㣬һԡζǵϵģӼ㵽ڣû˵һ仰ˮҲֻ˵֡
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ŶʲôЦ㲻֪ˮڽʲôЦʵ
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˵ЩͨһƬĿŷϵˣֻڽ۱ֱӰˡ
ˮһ˳ɲɣ໥ţ˵ֻһ粻ԸܵϢ˵ıǼⶼһ
ˮ΢΢һ̽ͷס۵촽ֻĺǻһĴ꣬۵Ĵ걻ˮҧקš
ı΢΢ĺ¹ײһ˵ĸо˫ֲԾ§ˮĲӡ
С㣬ͷˮɿС˵
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治ˮζЦ
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治
·ˡˮգգ۾һֻסǰķͦ
֪Ҫʲôˮ˵ĻңˮҪ⿪·ʱ۾۵ĶС
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֪ˮѾ⿪˵½
ֻ֪мŵץסˮ֣⻹һʶľٶˮǰǻ̾档
ˮһŵ塭

һֱڵʱ֣˲ƽˮޱȵ㣬ǵʵǿȻǵĵһΣ۲ʲôοмˮĦһΡ


1029 շħټС
ˮʱżˣű´棬ʵǰ˶ʮǣʮǡ
ˮٴδͨһ쾭
ʮ쾭ͨһˮӿ϶Լļ裬ʮ쾭ʮŮͼйϵһо֪ʲôоѵԼҪӵŮͼϵŮӣ
ˮе㶣ĿǰԼ֪ŮͼϵŮӣ϶ѾһЩûпܵˮŮڵһμͳ飬ֻ֪֮ŮͼϵŮӡ
ͨʮ쾭ҲһҪŮͼϵŮӣֻҪǹŮӶˮһֱоʮŮͼܰȫŮͼеŮӾǶһС
ˮʵٴ٣Ǻ͵ͻһأõ㻳УڱǰˮǸ˵ˡ
ˮݺҪӣҲɬԭ򣬵㲢ûж˵ʲôıˮͷ
Ҳ۵ĴڣڱʮǣѾﵽʮǡʱ൱ľȣˮǽ͸ֻ˵˫޹
ǰķ컵龰ˮʴǣ˰Ů˵ʯȹ£ҲܸоŮɫĿ£ǿ־ԼŮɫٴˡ
һֱ´浽ʱ˯ˣˮȴ𴲣Ҫ˯ȥŮҲ㡣
ڶԷʱˮû˴ŵ㣬ŮЦſˮǲ³ʲô飬֪һġ
ŮҲûʲô֣ΪˮŮǵ֮Уο滹мƺӦܡ
һֱ˵ʱˮ˳ȥѾԶĳֵĺڵ㣬Ȼﵽʮ
ˮüͷ߳ңгԽԽĺڵȥڣǷڣԶʮֻ޴ѸӰˡ
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ǶǻһӵˣԽԽȥˣҲ˵ʲôֻ˵һ䣬ǻڵģȴûкҩ򡣡ˮƽ˵Щһֵĸо
ˮɱ˷ڵʮһЦǲᣬһֵĸоһ˿͸
ˣȷʵǿЩ黹Ҫһԣ˵ģҲڣʱ֪ڻ޷ı䣬Ҳֻи˺ڵʱŻЭ֮ǰԲᡣɮüë𣬻˵
˸ߴӰˮ֪˵ʵڷʲôλʲô֪ƺֹˡ
ɮǿҵ˽ڣҲֻǸǿ߶ѣѾӦˣȻҪо˺ǿҲΪԼһǱذɡ
Щ鲻ʧܣʧ˾ζھǰɣ

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͵һҹ֮ˮʵǻԣϧΪعԭʵӵʵ࣬һ쾭ͨˮһĸоʵҲһʶ

۾䣬ٴ̤һ󲽣еľ޴İٴѹһαǰٶϿһֹ
շħɽ飡
ˮܵһǿеıǽҴ
֮ˣ
һıˮٴ˺һҲǱˣһ֪ǳ˶ܻЧ
ɮھޱȣԼʵԼǰ˳ɾʵ۽磬ͬʱսҲǿ
еİͻȻתѹҲԽԽɢһҫ۵ĽɫĹâһɫĹ˻İ
ˮ˴ʱƣ֣ס
ŹŹ̤
ˮվڽϣѸٵ̤һ߳ȥ
һ
ʱ޴İһǵصѹˮ˫
շħƲ񷣡

ʱˮȥñǽνĶɼʣĿһʵڣʵڡ
οˮҪ
ԣ
ˮ͵һƣȻֱӴӽʧŹһֱӳ˵ıеֱŶԷԴȥ
һֻǷһ˲䡣
һ̣һɫӡֱӽ˰סˮǽɫӡϣȻӡˣ˵ĶҲʧˣ˿ȥ
սǾ
ˮҡҡͷʩչɫӡˣһˣһˣһɮԵ쳣Ŀ
ɢǿҵľ񲨶ˮĿȴԵˣһǰеһȵᡰˡһ壬ɢ񱩵ʱ˫ĿԼֻǺܿͱˡ
ˮҲǾޱȣС֣С֣Ϊû̫ı仯ԼȥСӣһʱ˵Ǳһߴĺдˡ


1030 ɮС֣Сֵĵλ
Ȼʱ굫ˮһϳС֣ûʲô̫ı仯ֻĸӸߴ󡢿࣬Ҫǰķһļ⡣
С֣ˮСֳʵһ˿Ź֣ǸԼݻе͵СھȻʵ
ˮ磬ˮ磡С˷ܵĳ˹
һ˶סˣ鷢̫ͻȻһʱ˶֪ǸʲôɮȻˮΪ硭
СӺͽɮȻڽڣΪʵǿ˳ΪɮСֶû̫ЩһֱжɹȻҲμһЩսʲôģɮš
С֣ˮǸоޱȣżվߵľˣҲرĿġ
һС֣ΪҵĿžСֱڵĸ˴ˣ˵ʲôСֺͷԵ
ڿԵˮֻǸоСû뵽ʮ겻ʱھȻ˳ɾ͡
ˮ磬ңСְһֱûȥˮ磬ҲҵļҡһСֿˮϲ⣬˵ˮ˾ˡ
ʦһֱоļңҵǶһֱţˮģκĲ
ڷڣ˵㱻һɮ˴ߣ˵Ըߵã˵ͷԵ㵱ʱ뿪ҲǶԵġˮСʵҲǺܿġ
ˮ磬һǸС֣Զ䣬Ҳ֪Ըˮ磬С˭ҪԸˮ磬ҪСʬ̤ȥСֱֲӱ̬
һ̬ٴˣںǿҲǺܶ࣬СڷҲģ츳ʵΣ˿Ҳһһӳڷڴʱ˵Ŀɬرǽɮ
ǶǿСٿɮ
СֵΪֱѱ䣬ƷڵȨ˿Žɮ˼ôճΨһһҲͽܡ
С֣ɮˡ
ˮû뵽ɮҲС֣ʵ֪СֵּģҲֻʦܽСּ֣ߣϺʦ桢ʦʲôģǽɮˡ
СֻͷɮȻٿˮһʱĬˣ̧ͷɮʦҸߵʱӦʱԸ뿪ӦԺʲôѴҲġ
ɮʱɬΪСָԼʹӦСּоСԼһҵʱоǣҪҡȴû뵽ͷڶԿľȻҡ
ɮҲǲô飬οݣһˮˣûģҲûС˵Ǹң֪˵ʵܳһɱʮϻˡ
鷢ˣһǸңɮ˵һԾŶ鷢ĸʻΪ㣬ȴǾͷˡ
СֵĻˮһû뵽Сֻϵңʱ˵˼׼ģȻûаңСֵ⡣
ˮ磬ʱߵʱ˵˭СֺþҪ˭¶
СֵĻó˶ݵľֹɮڷҲ൱ĳһе̳⼸ǿ˱ɮҲѷɫ١
ʦ棡
ɮʱǸ˹
ˣʵǿû˵ͷԵͻȻЦˣ˵һĻ
˵ʺƾҿˡˮǺǵЦſˡ
˱ûκα仯Ȼ֪ˮʲô˼ԥһ£ˣС֣
ˮһЦˣ֪ڷڵĵʲôʮϣҲһ˵ڷڵλܸߵˣ͸ŵˣڵĵǶʧСǿ˲š
ˮ磬ʵһֱǣûҲȥǵġСּᶨ˵
ʦأˮЦʡ
ʦҺܺãԶҵʦʱͻʦġ
С֡ɮӵĽһС֡
С֣ڷڣҵλ㡣һƽ˵
һ÷ڵ˶Ѿʯʲôݣڵ̫ϴϣھǸ˶Ҫһ档
СҪ˵ʲôʱ̧ٴ˵СֲҪæžܾλֻǹҸѵʱҪվȻƽʱʱʲôķԸھţҷû˿ɣʲôС
˵⻰ʱ򲢲ǿС֣ǿˮǰһĿһֱû뿪ˮ˾ȻˮĲСֺĻ
Сû˵ЩȥˣˮҲڵСֺͺܾǰĲһˣȻڵе㺩񣬵һ˫۾ȴԡ
˼ң˽죬ҿǻ̸̸ɣʹգҴСִӦǵǷŻɡˮ˼ᶨ˵
ǺǣտԣСִӦƽˣ뻹Ҳǲԣ뿪ھͺͷûκιϵǷڵˣǰҪҡ˵ûκεĲ
ˮȻ֪˵⣬ʵԼҲڵһĺãСҲǻڷڣΪɮǺܺõģʱ䳤ʲôпܷԼˣǺܺãСǸһԾŶˣںǣοԼҲһεСֲУǲԹ۵ģһսʤġ
ǺǣҴӦ㣬ȸϴкȭۣҲ飬ʲô⣬Ҳε顣ˮ΢Ц˵Ц˸оһɺ⡣
ȻҲ飡˵ٴǧס
ˮŽſȥһҴ⣬ͽɮսˮȻʤˣѾһ
ˮǶôĵģΪ֪óǾȷʵðģˮ
ʼɣ˿ˮЦȻóһֻ߳Сȡ
ö
ˮҲ̾һʯɵȣⶫʯƺҪһЩ߾͸߾͸ⶫ;񹥻رǿ
ĶĶ٣ʯر
˵ĻˮҲ˵ʲôֱ˶ȥһ콵
İǣ
ˮһ㶣ĻҲŰǧǵʵǧǵʵѾˣƺǰ߲Ӧþʵ
ˮѾµˣԷһЩûϣԼһ
˶һӣֻ˵ϳ˳һһֻ޴ӰһֻʨһӰر˹ڵС


1031 ǿĻ
ˮֻоﵽ֮ϲſľؼ
ˮԷϳӰʱҲһ˵Ļ֪ԭһ־ؼһҪﵽϵʵǰ˵ľѾﵽ֮ϡ
ھʵˮ̫ƽʱ˵ʵʵԭǲģ֮ͻƵʱʵаӺʵȴǺСģͻƣˮͼͻƣ֮ġ
ˮ˵ľ񹥻ǵľԼҲֻʣǧ¡
ˮ뵽Ц޺ǿ߹Ҳ䣬ֱʱˮ֪ʥ޺
ʵﵽΣƺܶ๦ǶԾҪ󣬶ҾҲ޷򣬻˵๦еΪĴڣԵʵȥԵֿĹ
ˮģԼĻ֮Ǿ԰ԵĴڣɵеǾҲУʵģɵټϵԼǻᱻ룬֪
һһѾˮ
˲
ˮеıǽ򵥵Ͻһεٶ죬ˮǲġ
׷
Էʩչ˻ʱˮѾܵ˶Էػǿһֶȫķһϵġ
ž
ˮֱѸߣһӰϣƺûʲôӦԷĻɱʮϰڵķմҪǿ
ˮһνӴҲǵһԣ־ؼǿѾˮ

ӰһһĲ֣ϵĸ渽ȫʧˮ۾ʲô⻯Ļǻġ
ٽ´ӡ
еһӣһ޴ĽɫӡˮץȥӡһСɽһÿһָһɽ壬ȴǻ֣ıľľ
ˮüͷʩչĴӡǰǿ̫ˣֻӡݴ½ܽµ˹Ҳûж٣ϧˮ
֮
һεľˮǰγһ쫷һӭ˿еĽӡȻֱӹסתƺڻɡ
أ
һ޴ֺըȻƽˮϹŵ΢Цǵһľײ֡
˴ʱȴǾޱȣóֵľǾ񹥻ǿĻʵݴڽλãǷλˣҲʵˡ
ǵսֻǷڵڹעħšƸꡭȶڹעֻǶû¶棬Զš
ӡ
ٴһ֣һֻ޴ӡˮץȥӡһıըǰһεĽǿ
ۣ
ˮʹһ˲䣬ϤĲûг֣ˮ澪ȵʱͻȻоһرǿҵϤ
ˮһͷ޴ķӰѾǵһοˣǰʱɢķӰǱ۾ֻˣɫ۾һˮ𺳡
һ˫塢¡ʥ
һεֱӽХĽӡը飬ˮͶ˶ˡ
ˮ㵫ϲʵһֱ֪ķӰô£ɲξԼΣ֮䣬оǧӡ߾˴ӡйء
оǰֻԼܿˮоҲˣǾﵽһ̶ܿΪ۵ԭܿ
ˮʵһֱԼľ˴ӡûɫӡ֪ΪʲôоǸɵĽ֮ˣΪʲôдӡȴǴ򲻳ӡ
ˮѾ֪˶ʩչĴӡԼľ˴ӡֻΪˮý֮ˣԷûз֡
ˮõȣȻ˴ӡһѵ˴ӡҲҪʹþ
⵹棬ˮûľǿ󣬵ȴǴûʹþʩչ˴ӡԺԣˮ뵽ʹĴӡľ˸ǿܴӡôʵһ¥ԼǾ᲻ʺս
˴ãۣܰѷΣֲ̫ˣʱǽ뵽ҵľ磬ھ֧£ۿԿ͸һαװͨ˫۷ֱӹԷġꡱӶﵽˣöԷ·ʧһ
Ǿ޴ĴӡҲαװֻҪˮľ㹻ĻֱƵ꣬ΪΣһ־ǻ𣬵ִӻϴˣܴƣǽո
Ҳԭ򣬾Ĺһ˷ʤǳԷʵпܷסĹھռƣ߶Ըó˴򽻵һСĲ֪ôġ
ӡأ
˾һеٴһӣĵӡԽӡԽԽء
Ǿ˴ӡ
ˮڿӡԽǿԽģʩչĴӡǾ޴Ľɫƣ˿Խ㹻ĻԽҲĴ򣬲ԼǰֻĴ򣬶һԲӡֻ˾ѡ
һ;Ҳˮ֪೤ʶãߺܶ·ҲԼʵĿ㣬죬Ȼ֪ӡþʩչҪˡ
֮ˣ
ˮıǽն
Ĺ˵ִӻдǿԽ𣬾ڣˮȫĴ˽֮ˡ
ء
ı𣬽ӡϵıѣһ
ĸӡʧˮԼ˸պõԷĸӡ
˵ʲô˵Է˺Լһ

ΧмӰһϾȻɢĹâ
ˮǶ⻯ԽԽȤ޴ӰƺرʵãΪܵǰӰĴ𣬲˵һЩʵǻָ˴ǰġ
ӡأ
˵ȿʼ̧
ˮЦЦ˲һ޴Ļޣʮҵĳȣϸһ̴ֺĹζһɫԶߣɢΣϢ
ˮǰԹˣԼıǽȻƲԷĻԴôʱ䣬оýˡ
شӡرֱɽµٶҲǸѸ١
裡
ˮһ̧ʮ׳Ļһƺһ㣬ϺµĸıŹ켣Ŵӡȥ
ž
ƣ
ʲôȻӡĵʮ׳ĻޣҲֻһ˲»ָġ
ˮڵľ֮һһָٶҲ죬ͼ޺飬οʶеľǽᵤģʶܽᵤĿǲ࣬ǰҲûдﵽᵤĲΡ
иѪصɱﵿòˡ
ƵԷĴӡˮӰһǾ޴ġӰȥ
ž



1032 ľ˴ӡ
һĺٴˮԾ⻯Ĺĺ棬ƺҲѶãɵĿʵ˼ң⻯ʲô
ˮ˵߳ţӰҲԽԽӰ
ͣͣвУҲǿɬļ˵
ˮеıӲûзЦҲУҪӦҼ
֪̾һԾŶͷ㣬ҿԴӦ㣬ϣڷΣʱһѣȻû˱Ƶ㣬㷽ʱǳԸ
¸գȻСѾ࣬ˮʱ˳ˮ飬Ҳһ롣
Ȼ˵˵Ļ㹻֪޷ˮ̸˺ܶ᲻
ã˵ˮҲ˵ʲôЦŴ
ҪĶˡˮһռеȶˡ
ˮƽĽӹڲûʲô̫ľϲˣˣĽҲý⿪˰ɡ
һĽᣬϾôȥˣҲĸһ͸ĸĸҲǿհףĸףĸףѪױϾѪף˵ûмĸĸӻֵܽã˴˳ڸԵߵʱһĸӦһѪ
ĽҲý⿪ˣĽˮĿռĶһɫɢʱЦˣΪдŻ
ˮںĶ֮⻹дӡͷմϧҩݵȵҲ൱ķḻȺͿռɾ
˵ˮ̣ǿ棬ԼûɱѾ御ˣҪǿС֣ǻƼҲˮ߿һۣɱԼŮˮôǺù
С֣ˮʹѷԼУ֪ѣˮ֪СǸؼ
ԼƷںѣСȴǲһԺֻҪʵ㹻ͻշڵ̫ϳţǷڵǿĴڣɮǹ̫ϳš
νĳϻе˽Ҳϣгһս̫ϳţ̫ϳŵ˺ŻῼҪҪޣ̫ϳŵѾܴԪҲ࣬Ժܶ඼Ͳȥˡ
һһȥġˮЦ
˵ͷƺһӲϺܶ࣬ƺſܶණߵС֣С֣ˮڷԼֻҪһֱӾ̫ϴϣŬҪĶҶʦ
֪Сֶغ񣬲ηڶ֪ᶪ·ڵġ
ھţڡʵʲôûϲڸ˫ɣȷʵˮе㾪죬رǻϲڶǺд磬żĺͳûʲôֻе·ɮۡ
ڵ˻ȥˣˮߵСֿ֣û뵽һԷڵĹؼС֣ȻһǺƽ
ΪСְڳ̬ÿòˮƾԼʵȻŤת˵ľ棬Сֵ̬Ժƽˡ
ߣȻؼңˮĵС˵
ˮ磬ҲмˡС־ϲ˵
ŸһԺҲ֮һˡˮСȥ
սĵطҲһ룬ܿ͵ˣˮͳˣѾˣſˣ˹
ˣһȥǰ
ţʹĵͷϵˮͲͣĵ
С֣Һܶ˶ӣľһϾôһͷӶѣԽԽ졣
̣౴㡭
Сֵʱҵʱ˻ˣڳ˺üɫŮˣмСһʱĲ֪˵ʲô
Сֵܼ¾ȻĹ¿һͷҵʱ°ҲǵɶһĿġ
С֣ʲôæС֡
̺ҶСֵĺãһͷÿĵġ
ۣС֡౴һҲǿĵĽеԡ˶ǸоرļϾֱ𽫽ʮټ
ˮСָĸ׿ͷߵʱ˵Сָĸ׿ĹһЩٴοһˮڻǿԸܵСֵǲκʵġ
ף㲻һֱ˵һ𣬸ɴҲСˡˮЦ˵ɡ
ҲЦˣСҪԸҵǺϲһӡ
Ը⣬ĸ
СٴιĹһ˾Ÿͷ
ˮСֽܼˣ֪ˮѾкüˣСÿһǿĵĽһɩӡ
һ˿ĵȥǽԴϲǰѻĸ˵һ£СŻȻ

ˮҪͻȥŵģ͸ɴȥˡ
ɾ
ˮɾȲȥµĶȤľνĻֱͿ
һˮˣ⻯ʵһִս˻һĽ׶ΣҲǾ࣬˵ǸӰʨһӰӰǲ̶ģӵĳ̶Ҳǲͬġ
һˮЦˣȻʼУӴľʼ۵蹬Ȼ
֣
ţʧˣ
ˮͣһ£ʧֻˮоóɹġ
ʧ˲£
һٴεʧܣֱӻʱͣһعˣ֪һҪɹ֪ô룬˿ʮӰġ
ϢһˮȷȻӡһǾ˴ӡˮǰõǲƪǲƪ汾˵Ȿȴͱġ
ˮԽԽǾȣϵɫҲԽԽ˷ܣһ󣬽Ƿһ飬ȻĿ˼
ͻȻͷſеһӡ
һֻ޴Ľɫӡ֣ܿˣˮȴ˷ܵĴһһӺˮųԼǰĽɫӡ
û˵ǰ󣬴Ҳʮ״СɫȴǸӵĽơأǿңһ޼᲻ݵơ
Լ̵ģȻɽ
ˮЦˣˮ֪ƣӡҾһֻӡǻˮ֪Ҫԡ
һϵʱȥˣˮϴɾȥ˵ķ䡣
˵ķ䣬һȵĽ˲Ľ뵽ˮ
ˣ
ȻӲеԣˮĻһӻֱӰǺʵĴϣԸе촽ʳ̴нҺ
˫ҲĽ⿪ȹˮҲû뵽ôӸѪڣɵŮתл߷ˮĽĽƮƮɵĿдͷ˳űĹֱͨס
ܿȹ뿪壬ͦѩ岢ûйΪŶκεıΣôͦΣ˷֮С


1033 ׻ĽῪ
ڶˮͻԼŷŸȥһʱ糤˳һɿĴ˳ȥֻʵȻڴֹЧǺܺá
ˮһʵֱӱΪǵˣȻˮϹϵȴǲðǰڨȥҰݷá
ˮо̤ʵˣĴӡоԱǿܶ࣬ҲΪϹǿǺͺȻйء
Žˮסͻ񣬱ľ޴ȴһҲСѾͷĺˮ֡
ƤˮĿŻѾͷ㣬СʱǺܹԵġ
һȻܿЦˣҵŮȻң𡣡
ҪˣĽý⿪ˣžۣȻǿ㸸׵˼ˮ˻еȻæο
û£ôȥˣںܿģⱲҸ㣬֮ĺ˵ЩرĿġ
ǰעٺ٣һοôƯʵĽرޣʱܰ㱧ȥáˮ٩˵
ߣʱǸС˺׺ߣƤȳǽ񡣡ˮһ䣬ȴһӾЦ˳ǰƺرο
ҲῪĵָԶֵһЩޣÿʱ򶼻˷ָܵźš
ٶȺܿ죬ǰҲǲԶԺܿ͵˷ɽš
ɽҲûţˮֱӵɽһʱˮڷڳˣڣԺܿž˳ӭӡ
һ˴ͷʮˣˮʵ֪Щ˵ĴݣοΪ׵ϵˮҲ³ţ㲻ǷҲ
һ۾һֱŵˣˮоһ䣬ˮûн
ˮǻĸסΪ׵еεˮ˵
ˮĽҲ֪ԷĴ㣬Էˣû˵˵ٴ
Ѿͷǳ̫ˣôˣҲ˵ܿˡ
ˮҲһ㶣ҪģûôҪģϺƽĿ˵һ䣺ã
˵ˮѾ֪˭ɱԼǲ֪ԼԲܻţûκα˵ʻ
ĻԣȻ֪˼ͬʱҲǺúޣԼŮԼүүôߵˮԼŮ
פյﵤүүļ񡣡ƿ
ллĺ⣬һ飬ˮȥһɣһˮ˵
޷ԭҪԼصˣԼүүħŻʱŵ˾ҪȡԼġ
ȥɣ̾˵
ǣף
һ˳ȻˮͻЦ
л
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ǷĵӣбϼͷֻһˮˣľǣǸĻ⿳żˡ
һˮֻĵطħڵλӶһһƫƧһķ
壬㿴˭ˣ
ûнȥ˵ˬ˵ƿͥԺĴţƫƧܺãˮ˵ĻļľͥԺĴܺãоҲرԵúľ
ˮʱҲһ󾪲ʵѾǿˣȻܺԼСֱȣʵǳš
оǻͻü֮һЩһģһǻһָоʱĿŻ۹ɨˮ
ﲢ֪淢ʲô飬Щһֱɮһֻڿ˻ͻȻоһ˵ĸоƺУĸо
ʱƺȥʻƱ˭ֱʻǱоġ
ãҽл
ڻ·ըף嶼ڶ£ѾͷѾͷŮ
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һᣬŮô֪л𡭡һʱܽƺܵġ
ûˣһжȥˡ
ȥˣǿòԾȵĿŻ
ҷҴģߺž۵ģŮ߰ɣ档
߹ȥΣСĵİŻᡣ
ڻˣ޵ĺģûҲ̲סᡣ
˺һͻˮлл㣬ɣ
˵óһСľż̵һСѾͷ֪˭񣬵ݸ񣺡ûСѾͷ׼ɣ
СľżܿģҲЦˣ֪СľżСʱԼû˵ʲôóһϻӡ
һ򿪣źܶľżǰĲֻ࣬ȴǶͬҲǲͬпЦɵġ
еֻôԺÿľżϻӵݸ
ŮϲȥװɣŻ˵
ãѾͷܲȥ˵һ£ұϾǻƼҵˣ뿪˵£ʱкܶΡԥһ˵
ΪŮӦõģҺǰɣˮЦ˵
ϻӵͷ
ʱ⹫˻СľżҲĺ⹫ûĵıһŲĵݸˮ
ԼŮûСѾͷ֮ûͳ˾޴ʹ࣬һʮ꣬붼ᡣ
ˮͻŽŷɽȥ
֪ڵǿŬʮ껹ûɵ飬ȻˣܾȣŴķȥҪ˽һϸ龭
ˮͻɽ£һ˿ۣЩľżĥĺۼÿһľżĵĵ̡
һȥħţ㸸ȥĸףԲˣĽҲý⿪ˣǰ㣬ǰġˮʱҲǺܿġ
ллˮ
ţˣϼҷͷ㡣ˮٺЦš
ҲŲ㡣ĵˮһۡ
ûжã̤շˮڽϣѾ֪ľǷɱ֪һֱǰǰ˽һ
ߣȻܲµû뵽֣ƼǾ뿪


1034 žۣɣ޻ؽ
˻СѾͷ뿪ɽֱħŷȥһˮվ΢Զһľ룬ûͻ˵
СѾͷţܿϤˣ˵ʲôʱᣬʱЦݡ
ŮѪĸŮûнⲻģˮڲԶûȥ˵ʲôȻʵס
Ҳ᲻ʱȥˮ֪˵Ŀ£ǷҲֲסˣ˵ʹܵסҲǼ˵Ĳء
Ժʲô㣿Цʵ
һ㶣ã˵ҺȲѰ˺󣬾ͱ˴ȥˣܶһֱŬΪ˽žۣҪžˣȴûʲôˣһһͺá
Ҫȥĸסһʱ䣬Ҳˡ΢Ц˵
ӦõģŮ˵ҲȥģҵŮҲǵŮǴһˡ֣ص˵
ǸеˣܿģôˣǺ˵ģĸˮң˸ĸСѾͷڸоҸˡ˵ģһĸоҸ
ܿ͵ħţˮĽѾһ־ˣҲ˸أֱϤĵطȥ
Զһĵط£Ȼйȥ˺ħѾԶվſˣȻԶˮܿħ޵
һ˼Ľ
˻˹
ߣ⹫ˡƺرĲ

ˣȥɣȥͺ޺ú˵˵ɡ˰ڰ֡
Żˮͷеִٲħȥ
⹫棡Ц˽е
СѾͷĺܣͷ벻㶼ѡ˱ĵ˵һ¶ϲǲκʵģϲ
ˮСѾͷ󣬵˻ģ˫ˮ۾رԣɰеСǱʡ
˺ܳʱ䣬ħ˹˵۾Ǻģʱǹſĵ΢Цǰһǵһֻ֡
һŻˮСһ˳Ű
ף
סŮٱסħޡ
ɫ磬ԾԷܷʢĶħŵֱϵħ޵ֵܽãȻһЩС˲Ǻܶ࣬Ǽˡ
ҲĵģüǱ˺ˮʶ£ҲǸݣǱȽˣȻλǿˮġ
ˮȻףʥҲ֪±ˣںͷڱȽϣһζħŻ⣬ħŸ顣
ħͫҲڣǺˮĽҲ⿪ˣ˵ˮݽ⿪Ľᣬˮ˷̫ϴϺͽ⿪ˣ˲һΡ
ˮֵһͥԺȻȥħ޵ʮķٴۣȻ໰Ҫ˵ֳ˼ĺ롭
ˮԹҸ뿪Ҳû˵ʲô˵һȥˣҲȣôǿҲҪŬģҲǴ̼ħŵһЩˣ˿Цţǲ˵
ɾ
ˮٴʸ̫ˣˮͨħŵ˽̸Ҳ֪⻯
Ҳ٣ȴǺܶ࣬Ȼ䣬˵ֻҪﵽǵľ˶ȥؼȫһֻҪɹͻһ޻һĶ̬죬ʲôУҲǶͬȻҲоһ޻ġ
ѵһֻʨҲñǿҲǿѺӰεĴС˵ЩѪйϵ
ʧܣ
ˮľˣһֱڲϵĳԣǺȻȶˣʧܺؼе
ϹѸܻͺȻһǿıˮϵľȫͨȻһЩصľʲôľͲ֪ˣĴͨ쾭ˮ治֪ʮ쾭ʲôλá
һˮоͨ쾭ƺͻȻʹˣֱϹУͻȻˮĲɽһϵĺϢҲǴһʲôҪϰһ
ۣ
ɽġͻȻ֮һˮܵһɸӰ

ˮĿԼӰɫӰֻ׸ߣȴǿܽ׳ȫԼ
Լ޻Ȼɽˡ
ʶжõʶϢ

ؽܣ
ˮһ㶣ȴû뵽ԼĻ޾ȻǴؽܣؽ޵ĻߣǿĴڣ˵ǿ˵еҲѷɫ
ˮо뵽ɾػоݴ½ڣҪǰﱻˡ
Ϲʱʱںܶ޶ܺġ
ˮںܼû뵽ԼѵĻǴؽܣǿʹСûйϵͻѪйϵ
ˮϽ¿ȥ
ڣһʵ;
һʹóͻһֱľ
һˮЦˣ̫ǿˣǿļֱһͿڣһʵǱ壬ǿڣʵǿ˻һЩǿ񼼵ģֻ֪޻Ǵؽܣо޻Ҳĳһ
ľˮ£ľıҪС˺ܶܶ࣬ͼÿʱÿ̶תָǺͼˮİ̫ˡ
ˮĵľѹѹƣºˣоڶֱǰʥݰƽʨˡ
ˮ뵽˵Ļֻ֪ӰʲôʱڣܸоõԼڵĻ˵һҲѷɫ
ʱ䣬ˮжȹķܼ򵥣һֱþάŻΣҲʹ߻
ˮޱȣΪŻģӡ
ʱúܿ죬û˾ϢΧо󣬻ָܿ죬ο޺飬ǻָĶȽһ̬
ʱڲ֪жȹһǰ죬ؽܻڣȴһߴСǽˮޱȣֻҪнͺãϧڣˮĴӡѾ˶ء
ֻҪһֱžУˮʱ䶼ڴӡϡ
ˮҪǸȻΪԺܿĴءءصĴӡϾѾ֮˵ľ硣
һʱ㣬ඨһһӡ˴ӡԺǿ죬ϣܳΪԼһǿɱﵡ
ڵؽӡˮоڵĽӡǿþʹãرڻ״̬£ֽĴˮо·ܰ


1035 ˣشӡ
þĴӡھؼ޺ˮʹþʱǿԺعġ
Ѿӡˣˮ⣬ǱմˮϢʱѾˣҲûʲô⣬󷨵ĵӣ͸ˣԺʱ顣
ȣˮʱǽϣ뷨ʵڵõһ̾뵽ˣûʹȣֻܰ뱱ǽУϣӾʵ
ҲҪҹˣˮҪȥ䣬ûŮ˻ãôҲ̲סǰ澭Ǽ°ʱ䲻ӴŮˣʱæѹҲ󣬲м仹ǺͼŮߵһ𣬵ȻǿĵģҲǰǵġ
ˮû˯СѾͷ˯ˣˮֱӰѻڿɳһֱൽĽĽ⿪ûǷɣ󵨵ĺˮ࡭
ڶˮͻ뿪ͬʱ뿪ĻлħޣûǣѾˡ
һϵʱ䣬ˮͷ˵ɫһ·˺ܶ࣬ܵħ޵󶯣ʱӦҪͻˡ
谭ĽᣬĽ⿪νıҲҪıƣ
ʵֱһأϧѾعˣҲһı仯ҲԼ֪һ־ϵͻơ
žˣҲ÷ŷˣ
ˮһǸȥﻹҪסһʱ䣬ô˵ҲԼļˡ
ħ޵ĳٴ˶Ǻܿģˮѻܸĸ׻м˾ˡ
磬ˣҲúغأοСֵĹڵĽ˵ˡ
ˣûħţݶ˵ƺӰǻϲݡ
ֻ죬᲻Ҳסģ뿪Ҫȥݰǡ
Ѿͷп˺ˮСѾͷȥǣǾﶨˡ
ᵫǵͷҲãԺʱ仹Գʱȥסһ¡
Ƶֵ𣬻ħˣʵһˣԲõǰȫ⡣
ˮǸ˵һЩԼǡ칬飬ܴȻ֪ˮһЩ⡣

ǧһҶݱԵ΢ˮڵλƫĵطۻǲ
ǧӦò֪ԼݣҡҡͷԶټϲһΣӦò֪ڷ顣
һʱȥˣˮ˾ڼﲻţѵƽֽֽŵС
ѾüˣһҶ衢׺¡㡢¸¥ԼѾ뿪ĵ۳
ȿĶǿˣұҵȻٶӵĺܿ죬ǰǺܿ죬ˮ⣬Ҳûа취Ҫһһڵĳԡ
ˮ¸¥ׯʥŮˣһ˵ĸ߶ˮогɾ͵ġ
ˮִʱˮر߿ųе㣬ڤŮ˵ģԶô㣬Զ΢ЦŵĿԼ
¸¥ıһˡ
֣Цݣüĵɰʥׯˮÿζῴ
㿴˫Եģÿ춼һͦģҪҲһֱһͺˡˮԳһЦ˵
¸¥ˮʵˮʱûʲô仯ֻǿʱʱӳɫ޳Ҳӷ飬ô˵أǿӳ次
ˮѵоڵۺҸһеˣûĸûڵĻá¸¥ˮ֡
ǰ֪ѾôˣҲ꣬ڶѾʮˡ֪Ϊʲô˵仰ԽԽһ˵Ļ
ǰǲˡ¸¥ƺ뵽ʲôЦ
ûУһҲûУǰŮζˡˮסӣĿǷ˶ϡ
ģ
¸¥ڱǰһЩϾˮҲϷˣǰ׺ߵŮˣʳ仰ʱüĵɰҲΡ
شˮ촽ֱǷԸеĴꡣ
ˮ

⼸ʱˮúܳʵҲܳʵȱǮ԰Ѵ󲿷ʱ䶼ϣǿ˸Уˮľ˾˺;ĸˣǵʵˣĿǰҲ޷ͻˣҲԺʲô
οﶼ֤ͨⶼǰͲմңȻˡ
ˮĻһ׶㣬ڣоϾҪȥˣˮڴţľǾ˴ӡ
أ
ˮ˷ܣ𵱳˵˶˺ö౶Ȼڻ״̬µġ
һǽĿˣˮΪҪܳʱ䣬û뵽ô죬һܺˮٴСҲҡ
ˮȴŶľǷȥôʱҲȥˣȥˣھݴ½治ʲôѾоʱĽȣԼĴ㡣
һ˵ˮٶȺܿ죬У
ˮҲ֪Ƕʹãˮÿ춼ʹþУµһطϻʩչεľÿʹһء
һεľʱû䣬һӾϳˮһ˹ӭһŶľȥ

𣡡ˮ΢Цʵ
ڣʹȥ
ˮڰ֣Լȥɣ
߽ľңû̫ı仯ӴׯԺ˲٣ǶľҵˣˮûзʲôǿϢ
û߽ԺͿǰǸˮк뿪ˣˮһϤͥԺͿվԺпԼĶľˣ̣
ˣˮ΢Ц߹ȥ
֮Ÿӵ㺣йܵĽӴȴڴ£֮һֱûǰӴһ뿪Ѿ˿һš
ϲԾһ죬СѾܳˣǺԼվһҲû˻˵ʲôκ͵ԼѾƽˣʲôˡ
ûü˵ʲô̸оıסˣ̲סˮһۣʵһֱìܣʱ䣬ƺѾڽת䡣
תǰģʱһ֮ûбǸԼԵɣҲΪ˳˵Ѽ飬ԺѾӰϻ϶С
ôˡûѣԹĿˮһ۾Լˡ
ˣ͹һȢءˮЦݣҲ˵ú档
һɫе㲻Ȼ΢΢ͷˮǼ޹˵ģиŮñôңǣ
ںôǣ֪ûңˮʳ仰Ҳеңû̫İգȻʶܶ꣬ʱ٣ǸͳŮˣˮдȥģȻûһᡣ


1036 ݡ
ˮ̣ĳƺѾӷ˱˻ֱӺ֣ųĬҲе
һһƿڰʱпܵˤĸоŮں̾һƿӣԼֻҪһͿһֱСġ
̳Ĭһ̧ͷźСĵˮҲһů˺СԼںԼܸܵõָо˿˿ģһֱĸоǰ˵ԼԼˡ
㣬ǡ
ǾͲҪˣ˵㰮ҡˮôߵһֻ֣һֻ˵
ſڽ࣬ܿϾһߺ죬ѩ弡ϵһƬΣˮ񼡣ˮȥڵĳ嶯ڻ
ôߡ΢΢ͷҲе͡
ˮŵŮҲŽСŮ˵̬ջģοһֻ֣§
̽㣬Һòã˵һɣĺˮҲе񺮣Ůǰ˵Ļе㡰ˣǸζأ˵Ƥ
ҲˣĵıסĲӣ˵һ䣺Ұ㣡
ˮ䶼еģˮԾľͰ§ˡ
̾Ҳû˵ʲôˮɿִֻֻֻ֣ļϣĿӡ
ǰķ˶ͦѹˮţ̣̣Ұ㣡
ˮǰ˵⻰ֲ֪ǿԺ˵ģرǰʱû˵κҲûС
ĸĸֲڱԼˣοе˺ٺ͸ĸģİǣһӻ϶û˵
ŮˮǰҲֻͣϣȻйһʱ佻ŮѣҲֻ˵ϲ֣ǰ
ֶԽٵ˵ԽãһΣһġ
һ˵⼸ҲŶһ㣬ĸ˵ÿŮǰԼĸĸģİ
оŮˣͰǣڸжкˣԲŻ˵˵ʱָ֪оܺã˵ԼҲǣҲ֪ˣʱҪ˵
ǰǸоҪУ˵ģǺ޳ɣֻ˵ջĻʵжаʱҪ˵ġ
ˮĻȴ΢΢ͷƺ֪˵ʲôϽ糺졣
ˮЦˣͳŮ˺Լ񣬵ԼˣʱҪƤ
ôʱˣɡˮǵһҲֻǺͻͲ׺ǣ˵⻰ִܾ٣ȴҲܴ̼һѪҺԵĸоԺдǿҪ˵˵
Ҳһ㶣ȵζˮͷһ£Ҷ˵˲ôߣ˵ɿҡ
ϲŮˣˮûбԴװۣһֻֻǽı
ıɱ׷Դûˣһ°ɣȻһ˯žġˮչȥ
ˣװˡЦЦԴ֪Լûġ
ͻȻŲûüֿŵ˾Ϳ˶ľ˪ͺԼǵĺӵȻеԶȴǿԿú
̻ҵƿˮԹһۣԶĶľ˪ǡ
Сڶ·ˣͦƤģˮҲܺ棬ľ˪ޣֺҲ֪Сһ˭ģܿΣľ˪οִֿ񵫲
һˮİֵʵѾʱѸȻûжôǿʳʵڶľҲܳΪһˡ
ĸףˣֹˮкʱˮס
һҲǸСһˣһθһЩ档
ף
ľ˪ҸɫϿԿóڱ̵ĸ첲ˮԼִкԱȥ
ȥǱЪɣֺܼܿġŶӵˮЦ
ˮЦЦϾ̫ˣǰȻҲˮ̱һûʣʲôҲûзһˮ

ףˮʲôʱġľ˪ЦʵƺͻȻ˺ܶණԸҲһ仯ûǰô䡣
رǶӵĳ˾޴ı仯Ҳ֪ĸװôĲףԴӺͺֳ׺֪һŮ˶ԳһľҵĲףҪĻû½ô꣬ûмκߵĽȻɹĸ׺ˮ֮䡣
һʼҲǺų⣬ûпĸ׺ˮʲôľٶͻȻ俴ĸ׺һ˵ĺܣû˿Ĳ졣
һӡ̵һηŮǰе㲻Ȼ
̺Ůһʵ⣬ŮһֱǺǻųĺǳⶼûУΪĹµֻʣԼܷۣܴ飬ԼľС
Ҳԭ֪ŮˮкøеʱѾˮ˾룬컯Ūˣ׷˲÷顣
Ůϲ̾İˮҲ¶ĬĬĸԸĿһ
ĸ
ŮѾɻ飬֪ŮǲκŮ˹ͬӵһ˵ģ֪ˮкüŮʱǵøҲʧˣŮе㵣ġ
˪룬Һֻѣ̾˵
ľ˪ѩһ˲俴ǣǿ̵ɫһСŮ˵ɫеҸһʵʲôҲˡ
ʲôˣˡľ˪ǺЦ˵
ѾͷҲ٩ľ˪Դ
ףЩˣľ˪һӱס̡
һסŮһ۾еʪŮˣĳˣֻԼӲ֪ĸĲס
ɵӣôͻȻ˵Щˣ׿һҲࡣЦ˵
ľ˪ҲЦˣСĺͣ뵽ԼǸƤӣ֪ˣǰԼĺӾһҲÿˡ
ˮףľ˪˵ϴοˮʱ֪Ѿվһرߵλá
ѾͷϹ˵ʲôһæȵ
֪һЩҾ˵ԶĸŮ׵ףϲһϣҲܿģȥıϾȥˣһоͺˣҪûŵʹࡣ
ľ˪Ц˵һ̣ŮԶ㣡
̱Ҫ˵ʲôģȻ飬ŮǰҪţԼףǿԳŵģŮĻ̾ŮʲôҲû˵
ҲԵĳ˰ɣ
ףߣһȥľ˪̵ߡ
ĸŮ߳ȥû˻ΪĸŮֲĸ̶һ˿ӺݣüĿһ˿ݣǷ֮塣


1037 ģʮʵ
ټʱһۣˮεӣľ˪ʱȴǷֶԷЦͷ
ͷˮеƣǰʱѾкҲǵͷֵͷҪɫһ׽͸ĸо
ͻȻһ뵽ǰԼһۣøӣһϲԾȵĿľ˪
һٴοľ˪ͷˮܿģ֪ľ˪֪Լһ۵˼ȻͬԼ̵顣
ʱԼ̱ŵ龰ǿĻᶼûУû뵽ˡ
лл˪С㣡ˮǺǵЦ
лʲôһҪлǵİأһʼ̫ˡľ˪ˬʵЦ
Ŀˮл˪ʲôҲû˵ֻǶˮ൱ԡ
һ˴Ѿϯںãһ˽ϯΪֻǼˡ
ףҪѼλӸľ棿ľ˪СһиŮ˻Сһġ
ţľȻѾ˵ʲôˣϾǶľңľʤΣҲ徲徲ˡ̵ƽ˵
Ȼ֪Ϊ˶ľңҲáľ˪ν˵
һ㲻˵źЦݣٿ˵ģǲʵġ
ˮˣоеޣٱһȻҲ̺Ͷľ˪̸֮
˾ڼǰˮ飬;˲ٵľסЩ黹һЩ
극Ѿ΢΢İһھ뿪ǵͥԺȻߵʱҲˮк
ֻʣˮˣһӾȻ
̣˯أˮЦʵ
һæƲͷҴҷ䣡
ãˮ˵ʲôȴû˵뿪
ԱߵһͥԺ徲ţˮڴӡûʲôʵϲܰһģСһģرңСá
ʵû߶Զˮٴס̵һֻģȻɫˣǿĻҡ
ʱѾͥԺֻˮǣŷȥ
ˮȥɣʲôµģˣȥϢˡ̲ûнȥͣ˵
㣬ҿͦģҪȥ㰴ĦĦɣַĺܺõġˮֲûɿ
ǲҪ¡˵
ţ˵ʲô£
ˮЦ˵Ц̺ԡ
ˣһҾ֣ҪҾʹȥ㰴Ħˮս̵˵
ң֪ˮİĦʲô
Ŷɷˮһѽᱧ
̲ȴѾ˿
ҴӦ㣬Ѿ巢ǻҵġ
ˮҹֵıڿɳ£ɳıϣȴϡ
ˮЦŰȥ
ȻССһ¡
ϴĴϸ塢󣬻һ˿㴫ˮС
ˮȻرĵôߣССĵô߻ǻģףԼѾ˵ʲôԻ԰ѹϵǰһơ
Ť̾ŵĿԸŵ촽ϡ
һ£ˮ̫ԵҲ֪ξ;һ׾һӹȥˣе㴭ȥʱˮɿ
ˮЦˣΪǰѾɬĻӦˮ඼ˮ
ʱߵöҿˮҲˮһѹĺܴ䡢޹ˣиôŮ
ˮҪ٩ģһ˲䲶׽̵ɫֱӽӵסôˣΪʲôôˣ
ˮ֪ҵһҡ
ž
һİ̻Բ̵ͦϣʵûܴࡣ
ͻ˼룬ҳһ쵰ߺüŮ˻Ҫ㣬ҿĸ㣬ҵŮҶȥǣҲǣҵŮˣҵ˵һҵ𡣡ˮ°ͣ˵
ˮѾסĴˮ
ģˣҲһίҲҿɲö
ƶ죡
̣óˣԺҴȥޡ
ˮĻֲʵĸоһҡҡͷۣûϣˡ
Ҽ̹桢ǡʳˣܿͻˡ
ȥҲŲҵġһ䣬ϵĺξû˹
Ұ㰴ĦĦˮ˵ץסһֻ㣬ֻǴѩ׵ĳ࣬ˮ
ʹһ㲽ܸܵĹ⻬ϸ塣

ľһҪֻˮôأ˳ֽĳ£ѩСɵϸĹϣʮֺɢһɵ㣬˫ֿʼŵ׵Ѩȥ
̸оһ飬̲סһܿסͣ΢΢ͷ
ˮַûֵܵסʴǵĸоⲫֻûⲫӾ;ϵĳǿ
ҪѹˣгЩˮ΢ЦżӴȣϵĶҲǼӿ죬ŵѨĵط
üͷ϶һϸĺ飬˫ϸļϵĺ糯ϼһ㣬һ㵭ˮ
ˮһѽûһŮ˱ȥ
һˮû˵Ҳû̧ͷ˫۱ˮĲӡ
ŮڴȴǺֵģķˣɬͶ˽һʱͬʱһܵĴϢ
ˡ̬ǧׯŮϣǰѾ͵˼֣ϸĥɶڷɣɬա
̣۾ˮ˵ţһĴꡣ
һ˫ˮ˵ĸоˮ˺ĶرĶ޲ðһȥ

ҲǾϴʱ̫ˮǣʵٴδԼҲǣǶʮǣҲǺܾġ
һεӵǵʵûУʱԼʵҲӵҲ٣ѵӵĶٺԼʵйϵ
룬оӦ뵽ʦװͻ֪ʽʵıǷ֮壬˵ǲܱŮͼŮӵʲ
ƺӵҲ̫һʵӵ࣡
Ҳرȣû뵽ˮһξͻһѾˣһȴֲʵĸо
𣡡ˮ潻һ˵
Ϊʲôʵô̱ࣿˮ§ڻ˻һ壬ʵ˵
ˮȻ˵Ůͼʲôģֻ˵Ĺ档
Σڲˮĵַĺһͣ
̣ͣ죬ҰۣһȥݴһƬȻȥʱҽ㡣ˮЦſ̡


1038 ͻۣȥƶˣж
ţȥƺ磬ʵ̫Զˡ
ȻҲ֪ȥݵȻǺᣬǲ۵ľ硣
һˮĶоʵйʲôģͻ۵һοŮͼϵŮˣʵҪֻҪʵﵽȻͻƵۡ
֪ѾҹˣһھʱȥˣΪǿ󣬴ʱҲǻûһǰƮƮɣеһҶСۣһɲĸоʴǡ
ʵڲˮַģűƹһ㺹ȴޱȵ㣬һ뵽ЩеĻţԼǶ
̺ѼգһֱעŮ˵ɫǰһЩɫĻźܴĸ
̣̣ѵŲ𣿡ˮʵɫеʧ䡣
̿ˮ۾ҪǷŲҵ˶
һʧ䣬ˮıסҪ룬ҵҲǺۣӡҲͬҵӡⱲҲܣ±һ㡣
ͻ˵ĺңˮšһ£ҲǺ˺ܶࡣ
ˮ־ûдǷԲ뿪
̣Ҹһ°ɣǱܳɹĻϾͻͻۡˮ֪ʱܺãͻϵҲôˡ
Ȼˮ治֪ʲôʱܸиһαľ˪Ҳ˺¡
һһʱȥˣ
Ǳˮľǿһ˵ԽԽ飬ּǱܵľЧ
̵ĹʵҲһʵ󹦷ЧҲΪˮ̤С
ĺ˳̵Ȼ˵һټЩҩʲôİֱӽʵ˶ʮǡ
ʮǰˮ˫޴ʵ
һͻƵۣһϵеƲסͻʱҪˮһԽסķӶҪˣˮ룬Ϥһ¡
ˮѾ˸óʱԾ˳ͥԺ⳿ẉ̂һֱƬԺ
̵˽أû˻ᴳģ﷢ֺ־ȻﳿһˮѻΡͨȭʲôĶ
Ҳļĸˣʱǿˣˮʵͬĺü
Ƕô¿๦Ȼرǿȴʳ˵ģ˵֣ˮоرˡ
ˮûȥһƫƧĵطʼԼ
緹ʱ򣬶ľ˪ʱĿ̣Լĸһҹ仯ܴϵģƺ˱лˣиƯˣľ˪֪Ѿǽ֮ˡ
ףƯľ˪΢Ц˵
ĿȿѾͷ˵ʲôأҲЦ
ˮЦЦһۣľ˪ҲǹȻҲܿʲôΪɫ糺죬رԡ
ʵҲ൱Ϊ飬ϾŮͺֶڣͻȻˮԵһһŮڽ˺ת䡣
磬ľ˪ͺ־ͻȥˣټͥԺ͹¶һƬʮСׯԺƽʱһġ
վԺ䴦洦Ȼ󿴿ߵ̣̾뿪ľҡ
ľҲû˸Ҷľ츳Ҳ㲻Һʣһ뿪ľң˪ֲҵģѾһˡ
ˮ֣Ҳжʵڸˮ뿪ľҿ׵Եˮöľ˵ʲôлοڶľѾ˿
ˮ֪ԼйϵӵסҲ㲻Ը飬ҲôСǼˣҳҰԵȡ֣ϣ㿪ġ
֪ҲͻȻȥߣһͦ¶ġˮЦ
ˮ뿪ľǣľٷʥʵͻ˺ܶ࣬ǰ
ˮˣҲ˵ľң뿪ǰľһݴͻһ˲ǺͶľѾһˡ
ûһֱҪռŶľλӣһֱڵȶľ֣ܽˣʵѸ⣬ݣԼȥݣߵԼӦûҸɡ
Ů˾ͻһЩʱ䣬ŮͺֵʴﵽȥݵĿԼ㡣
ľҲὥĵԼϾˣŮҲǣԼǻᾡǵġ
ˮ뿪ģˮԶӰʧģھŹϵǿڵʵû˶οħźͷء
̵ǱĻҪһ㣬ΪȥݲһȥǱԼ˶ûУھ׼ˡ
뿪ľûȥǣȥƶð߹ᣬһξûȥⶼѾһЩˣˮоͦԲģϾɻˣǰڹġ
ƶð߹ؽģϾϴǱٵһƬģﻹ߶ϲַʽ񣬻ȥ꣬ΪǸƽ̨ԻǮβȣˮվ⸽ѾʶˣϾȥˡ
ˮͨʶˣֻҪϤƸķλȻиģһǲ
ʶлС㣬֮ЩȲͬСҲͬǴԽǿʵԽǿ֮ŻԽʢ
ˮЦˣãҵƶ˵λãȴˮܵıԵλãҲǿλá
ӰһʧȻŹ̤ˮ˵̫ˣƬ̶ѣѾǻϿɽıԵϿɽյأߵķ֮أҲ˲ߡ
һСɽСɽźݣľ֮ҲǺïʢ
ˮȴһɻΪʶаֻ֮ʣŹ㣬ƶ˵ģһͨģǰվڳʶеĹġ
ɻ˹ȥ
ˣˣȴˮһ㶣ϤŮ˵˻ôֻڲݵغһСѾͷţЦǳܺг
ˮģʱ䣬üͷϳһߣΪԿ϶Լĺӣоָоƶ˺֮Ǣ뵽һκ˵Ļ
˵ļһôŮӶϲ㡣ƶ˿ˮЦ
ҲǺŮӣˮЦ˵
´ʱСһҲҿĺӣһƯɡƶЦЦ
СҲƯˮЦ˵
ˮĻƶˡ
˵һãáˮʵ
˭ҪƶһʱС˵˳βȥˮ
˶˵ԺҪӰˣʱ䲻ࡣˮٺٵЦš
ˮܰĳȴˮ뵽աԼߣ뵽ƶ֮һУһʱеۡ


1039 ƶˣ
ˮվԶôĿţŮ˵һĽһʼΪǸˮŮˣϺûпͬʱҲΪ˴Ҵ١
ʹǸӣȻˮͬİ·ȴǴûİǣһֱһ֪ԭ֪Լģռ֣ΪԼĵһˣﲻñȾָοܶʱ˶а

ͻȻƺӦʲôƶˮķȥȻʹˮȴ΢ЦſȻ˹ȥ
ס
ƶ˻عСѾͷʱˮѾߵǰ޵ŮˣǸ۵СѾͷ
ˮȥⲻΣġƶ˿ˮ˵
ģ
ˮ΢Ц߹ȥס˵ֻСѾͷȴͻȻˣƶе㺦µĿˮ
ѾͷӡˮϽɿƶˣȻͿСѾͷ۾ڰ׷ˮ۵С
ƶˣˣŮôˣҲ㣬֪ŮˮԶһ㣬СѾͷƺԸˮ
ƶ˿ˮСĵӾЦˣ࣬ںҸҵġ
ˣҵȰѾͷƽȻŮұ㰡ˮԴ
óһѺóԵģǴһֻҰãԣһζǰСѾͷƽˣˣˮ
ڲݵϣˮŮһֱſԼƶˡ
ôŮܵΣô죿ˮ΢ЦſƶˣǹɶǿʺˣеǰŮǿϢԼߺѱ
Ǿ԰ȫģҲ֪ôˣҲǵһδŮû뵽㡣ƶ˿ĵ̧ͷˮ
ŶǾͨˣСѾͷƯ㣡
ûأ˸СѾѾ˵Ůʲôأƶ˵Ůͺܿġ
ˮŮıžһҸĸоֱͻȻѾܳ죬ŮˮһС˫еĳΡ
ưɣˮƶЦ˵սϡ
ãѾͷˣ㿴ıӺ㡣ƶ˿ĵ˵һŮСӡ

ˮûзѶľͺŮˣǰҪ̫ͻȻһӱסƶ˰СѾͷŵˣںˣϵǹȻϢͺ׽СӶϢϲġ
СѾͷѾˣˮоһδӶʤݻʱȥģʱŮӦøճá
˶ڰᵽˣǣˮоϢӦǺϢˡ
ģƶһһˮ˵
ȻãҲ㣬ҲŮˮһ߰СѾͷһ˵
ˮе㺦£ƶе˵
ʲôµģ׶췹ˣ˵Ƕǳɻˡ
ۣ
ƶɬЦˣĴһ¡
ʲôʱȥҲȥǺ˲ϲҡ
ϲģĸ׺ͼ˶ϲʲôҼ˵ģһˡˮɵ˵

صƶð߹ʱѾˣƼ֪Լ˶رĿģϴٺƼð߹ᷢչĺܿ죬ƶ˵ӰǺܴģˮֶסˡ
ͨƶ˵ĵܵܣرĳˮڿˮޱȣһˮ뿪ʱƶ²ٶģͨҲֱߣʵҲӷɿ졣
ǿΪʵһУ
СͦģȰСѾͷ˯ˣȣŮ˯źƶ˵ͺˡ
Сʤ»飬ϷڿоͿƲסıһ
ˮƶ˻ֻҲǽıˮ֣·ҪˮԼһ
˫Ƿ˶ͦΣ쳣ķȻСǷ۵ģˮȣҲˡ
ɣ
Ȼǰˮû㣬˵˵ĺܿ죬һ˵ĻҺʹ̼İ˰ͷԼǰܿˬĸоϮ
ƶ˷ɳϣˮıϣȫһܵĽһŢвϵĽǿҵӾ
ƶ˵Ļ鴤ֹͣӵһᣬˮȥϴ裬ٲһ꣬ˮǰû㣬ֻƶ˲ڡ
һϴһʱȻңˮƶ˿˯СѾͷƽžһŮ˹ʵҲϧⱲӲˡ
ֲ˵˽ģˮо⼸ıԼĺӳߣСѾͷ֪ʲôʱġ

ڶˮͺƶ˴ǱƼɷȥǿĽƶһʧʵǺǿʶеġ
֪Լжǿֻƺǿ
ˮƶ˵ɫǰֻġ

ƶð߹һжãƶ˵ʵУԼܳߣҲҪڵһ飬ڿˡ
ȥסɣˮڽϣƶ˿һߡ
ƶЦЦͷһܾˣƶð߹ƴ
Խƶ˾Խ
˽㣬׺͵ģܳĺӡӡŮĶҲŮһɵ㡣
ˮƺƶ߽ҵʱǰԺ˲٣ٽ綼ˣˮһŮ߽һȣСѾͷʱȻˣΪˮе
ˮ˵滹ŮˣӦþһɣӶˡ
һЦ˹ߵŮеִٲ¿ߣСߵŮ˸˼ɫ޾
Ҹ£ƶˣŮơ
ѾͷԺļˣСҪǸ۸㣬͸˵Цסƶ˵֡
ˮӣÿԶЦݡ
ѾͷˣӶôСӻ֪ƶ˵ֿˮŵĺӡ
࣬ҺܿģˮҪæƶ˵
СӣʲôãôŮϲ㣬ҪúõĶǣû־סˮĶ䡣
֪֪㣬Ҫˡˮŵ˵
ҲЦˣȻƶ˺ʹҶϤһ£СѾͷһʼСӣҲޣƶ˺Ͳ׺¡Ůһ˵ʲô
˵˵ˮŮһߡ
ˮӣܲ³ĸҪʲô
СӣûиоߵŮԽԽأһô㣬ǲ̫ίˡ¿ˮЦ˵
װѶô㡭
ۣˣ߲߰Цһ¡
滹мӻɡ
Ҫˮ˵Ļ
һǺҵĺ䣬ںǡˮû˵ʵ
ҾСôôĶԪأˣˣϣúöǣǿ㣬㸣֡


1040 ֻʯ
ĸ׵ĻˮҲεЦЦҲ̲סЦˣӵƺرһ
ƶһֹޣŮһԺҲиӦͬʱҲڱݣȻ֪еС͸Ϊˡ
ˮѾΪԺȥ׼ˣ֮ǰȻҪ鴦ˣħŻзڣ
ҲΪʲôˮڷһֱûʹɱֵԭ򣬾Ϊ˲ѹϵŪСȻͲˡ
Сҵ⼸죬ʵٴˮĵҩȸǽһʵͼʡ
һЩʲôģֻҪƳģȻǶƣҪ˶УڲܷãԺԱá
ˮһҶ軹е㣬ϣʱܺԼһȥݣ̣ϣǵʱǸʵһʣµʱе̾
ԼһǱȥģһǲȥֻٵ꣬˵˵Ҳ̡
ԸıһЩ飬뿪Щģһʱ䡣
һʱҪʨ룬м仹ҪȥһԶַȻȥޣΪһҪٵ꣬ȥ۳Ǳģһˡ
㷢ʲôأ
ˮͷһҶվߣѩ׵ɴ¼ǲʳ̻ˮһʧ
һҶˮһŤˮЦץסŤԼģֱˮסֻ΢΢
һˣԸоǲóԷġˮٺٵЦ
һҶһ˿ɬҲŲһңСɫ
Ҳ֪ˮ˵ʳ̻𣬲С˵ĻﻹһУСΪԼʨҲҪǰʮǰ
ʦ
һҶֱһëӡͷϣ㺰ʦ
ˮһҶģԴϽ˵ãȥְɣ
һҶ۵Ц˳ŵĹǣΣһֵõҲܺãͺˮһȥû߶Զ㡢׺»бƵƶҲˡ
СѾͷһˣˮӹƣһ߳ңĸŮ˶ĴŮˮҲǸӻиһСڽƵעĿ
ʶˮ˼ûУһûǸ߶ȣֻܵ;˵һ㣬ֻǵһЩڲ֪һЩսҲڸ߿գһ˿
ǻǵһγһҲҪʲôǸգǻСѾͷʱҪҸҪĸֻҪ˵ˮ
СѾͷˮܸоеǷһҶ͵㶼οˮŮ̬һ̸оرĺгرĺÿ
ƶ˾͸˵ˣ׺ҲЦţ֪һֱڷ΢ı仯
ֻ
ˮһܴ¥ǰʱҵƣעΪ¥ܹӣΧ¥رͻأ
ӣһǳڴ֣֮Ҿ⼸ҲһЩˣӦֺš
ˮڹֻʲôȤȤҵһЩڷĶڹֻȴһҲʶǿ˻ǻġ
ǽȥɣˮżŮЦ
ŮͷˮͱСѾͷͷ߽ȥܴ󣬳Ϳʮףֻ㡣
һȥľһζˮϲζһ֮
տĴ˲Ǻܶ࣬ǧƽ׵ĵطʮԵҲϡ裬ſվżемҲм
ЩʵǶ۷壬һʳߣˮоֻӦûе㲻Ķ
д֣ӦǺ͡ٷйϵǵĳһЩϵ
һ¥ӦεģЩ廨ĶһԵúܳ¾ɣ޵̡󡢼Ҿߡֻ
СһɫҲǸͬЩǰһǼֵǣϧھݴ½Щֻһ㶫ֻһղؼֵ
ĶǧϵģǧϵʲôҲ㣬߾ܻ꣬ϾǧԪ
ЩǧݵġŶûʲôֵűԵĿЩֵ޵ͭġнġ졢ʯ̵ġ
ˮʶɨûзʲôģм֮еֻ᲻Ȥɨһ۰Ŀͨ¥¥ݿڡ
ˮͼŮɫͱСѾͷŶ¥ȥ
¥ɫľƵģľǧϵģһĸҪӲһֺʵĸоľͷϻᷢ˵
һ¥ˮоһ¥ǿҵĶ࣬ͬҲʳߵʵͨʵˮҲ֪һ¥Ķ
ĵطһ¥ĵطСһЩȴǱһ¥˺ֻܶ࣬ղؼֵ⣬лγһ֡Щž޴ã׿ձʯеԺܶ˶ϣ©ΪĹ٣ܶûõģȥʵ˻ѣȻܴ󣬵
ˮǰĶһ飬ȴǷûʲôôҡҡͷ͵Ҫ뿪ʱȴǷһ۵Ķ
һʯ̵ͦµģϧûһΨһһǿͦÿģһŻо̵൱ϡ
ʯ
ˮֶʯˮȴЦˣһ߶೤ҲֻǺÿھݴ½ÿĶ̫ˣʲô
Ѿͷÿ𣿡ˮЦŻѾͷЦ
СţЦ˵ÿ
ʱ̨һ˹ʲôܰﵽ𣿡
ʯôˮĵʵ
۹⣬ʯһ飬ϰ⽻ʯֻԵˡ
ˣ˵ʯͷǮɣʱ䲻࣬ŮͦϲģȥŮ档ˮСѾͷ˵Щľƾһ죬ڵҲ˵ɰ׵ģرֹ꣬ȻҲ֪Щ˵Ľƻ
ʯˮҲֻǲ²ѣ˵ʯΨһһҲΪΪܶණֻһ飬ûڴҲʰ
ˮԼܿ϶ʯΣҲֻϹ٩ѡ
ۣһǧӰɣ˵
ʯģҪˮ֣ǧӡӻ߸඼ֵǧӶˮ治ǸǮǱҪ۵ġ
ڣ˼˵һǧˮ˵ˣһǸԷоˣԷǸܻܿҸڲʱԽǮԽ
ˮƤҲ̧˵
ʵʯһҲˣˮߵŮ˾֪һˣʣоǸо
Űˣ΢Ц˵
ϰ壬ŮҲŲҪ
ˮüŮЦӶ˲
С۵ÿɰŮϣ˰ҧҧƺ۵˵
ļŮȴЦˣûסϰҲͦġ



1041 ˵Ĵ
ˮֱӶɾʯȻ󣬵ȴǺأڲ飬ǵڴŰɡ
ҲûʲôõģٴȥŮҲЦŸˮԵʯˮã»֪ǲǸǺܿĵġ
߽¥ˮ۾һĿռС˲٣ȴǺͶ¥࣬ϴּۻ۵˶Źʣ߾Ӷ࣬ҲһЩ޼ָ̡
¥Ŀֻʰ˼ʵǣʰ˼ʵҲǲģϾֻҪϵ߶Ǹоģͨġ
öŮ
ʱһ¥ˮСѾͷȥ¥վżˣǴġ
˵վмһʵˣʹžʮң˫䣬ֱͦ˫üӢǸܿˣֻǴʱˮߵļŮ˫ۺεĳ̰Ĺâ
ˮԷž֪Ǹ󣬻оϵİأקĶƵģһǵһڶӡ
̩٣ѵüôƯŮҪŮȾưɣһһͬŻЦ
Կ࣬Ũüǣһ˲ţºĸо
ˮЦû˵ԵļŮҲûпǡ
٣㿴ǸСŮ˰ɣҲ֪ǸŮĺӡΪ̩ٵЦ۾ѾһֵĻ棬Ļ档
̩٣һʲ֪ˣģֵ֪ãģҾϲǸɵŮˡЦĺа
ˮȻԷ˵󣬵ˣûʲôоΪЩˮоС
ŮûжΪˮڣ֪ˮᴦģˮûжļȴ˹
λŮãǳĹ̩أͼλŮѣҸǽ¡
̩˵һ䣬ƺ±˲֪ǳһȻָߵǸ٣λֻϰӶ󣬸λŮôƺ
ˮֱӱӵˣˮǸޣԼô˧һ˾ȻˣŮƺûһ࿴һۣ׺Цã߰ɣ
׺µһ仰̩ɫͱˣǰ˵ô౻ˣ̩ʲôʱӹ
С㣬̩ٵǰɣ̩ؿǰһ͵ס˲׺ȥ·
ʲôΪʲôҪӡ׺ƽ˵۾һ㲨ûС
Ŀ̩طÿãͨչ˲ҸŮ඼湻˾֮ġ
һο⼸Ů˼ɫضܿѾٸֻϿŮһֻ֪ٸ
˵ɫϣ̩صİþϲ˺ӵŮˣľģôܷŹǣİ졣
ˣҪ
׺»֣ʱˮץס˲׺µһ²׺ɻĿ΢Цˮ
ԷΧҲˮ
˳ĿôôأԼŮ˱ˣҿ
ǰŮ˵лԣ̯ҵҲ湻ġ
ɵ˰ɣǿ̩ٺͶ٣˭ǣҿŽʶʱ񡣡
ԼŮ˶˻ңҪһͷײˡ

ˮֻץס˲׺֣û˵ѾΧ˸ˣΧ˵ӣҲ󣬵ȴ
£СѾͷǵñ㻹ǲҪˣŪһ۵ġˮƸ׺±ס
ۡ
Χ˶ˣʲôǰΪ˼ңԭ˼ԼŮ˴Щ֣Ǿ硭
׺±סСѾͷſԼ̩ɫ죬
ˮһ֪Ǹ͵Ķ棬ûûʵһ棬뿪ıӾǸƨ
֪Ķ첻Ūա̩طŭĴ
ǲҪˣҶˡˮЦ
Ҵ򣡡
̩شĺȵߵļ˺ȵġ
˶ߴ磬ҪʱҲվ̩غͶߣֻСˡ
ˮȥﻹĽţ治ۣҲ̩˭

Ǹͷĸ˵꣬ˮֱһ˳ȥһӱ˲ҽУҲҷˣѪûѾˡ
һŰ߷ˣҰǰ˳ĵͷҲʳʵߣڱһߵİʲôʵ
Ҳҵˣһ̩غͶĿɿڴܿ춡ʹˣֻҶ۸ôš
Ժееһһҵˮɱȥ¥Ҳ˶ɱڵĶˮӰûֱ̧ӳ˳ȥʰ˼ֶöֻƾҲɱ
ȥÿ죬ȥĸ죬ӳֱӰ
֪ʲô𣿡ˮ̩غͶȥ
Ѿˣɫеף̩ؿƲס˺һҵǳҶңŹġ
ž
Ķһ˿Ѫ
ǳǿ𣿾׿ʺ˵ʲôֵҫģŮ˵⣬ҵŮˣΪ컹ܻˮ˵̧һ˳ȥ

ҽ𣬳̩Ѫ磬ֻɫҲǻˮĿ⿴򶡺
ž
һݵ˲һ룬˶ɳȥ
ҪɱңҸǮʲôӦ㡭Żɵɱ̩أǾɱԼŻˣһԴģ֪ʱܱɱͣġ
ʱ¥ʮˣˮЦˣ۷Ҳлˡ˻ˡ
Ϊ׵ˣű˵ļŭһˮͼŮ񽥽º
С£ˣǡ˵̬ܵͣ嶼ڲ
ΪͷڵսҵĿһ㣬ˮһӾ˳ǽһսľҲֻҲãͷڱǸ
˺ֵܰ˵ųͶҵҵŮˣҵŮˣ˵ô졣ˮƽ˵
˵ɫףһ֫飬Ҳ飬
еѪ˰۰˼ҵŮˣⲻ
үү
֪ˣһΣ˵̩٣ҡ

ֳͷɱǻʹ࣬ܶҲ˵Żʲô˼˻ߵĺš
һΣţ㡣
һΣźû㣬ϲϲɱңһΡ



1042 ģӡоƪھŮͼ
ˮûдϾɱ̩ˣ˲׺˭ҲȲǰҲð
ͷԲ
˵Ҷͦġϲ˵ָоһ
ҲκһĸϢĸɾ㾡ԡˮЦ˵
ģһٸҲˡæ˵ʲôܶΪûˣǸơ
һ֪ͬԽǿԽݽ棬㹻Է̩ҺͶˣԷԼ汲ˡ
ǰ˵ʲôֻȥˣ⣬㻹ǻġˮº͵ڶз·ɱ˵ħ
ȥȥ
æ˵Ȼٵ¥ȥ
˼ң̩Ѿˣȥͳȥ˵ɣ̲ס֡ˮת˵
ģЩͷ֪ôǲ˻ġܿˮǸϲ鷳飬鷳ûЩëƤ顣
˵Ļشˮ⣬ΧΧŲٵˣѾûˣֻˣ˶ˣʱҪ޴Ĵ۵ģʹ뿴ֵҲȥ
ȥɣС껹˼ȤҲСһ⡣
ôõĻᣬôͽǿߣԷˣʲôҲҶ
ãҿˣһļǮˮЦ˵ͷŮ
ˮȻȥˣ׺ˮЦ
Ҳã
˵߹ȥСѾͷף¥ݡ
ֻһιˣˮоҲΪǸεܸܵԼĿ£Щ˻ǣ뵽οԼ䲻Ǻܴ
ԽԽСѾ⿪ˣˮ߽㣬˶Ĳ㣬˹ˮ£ˮϡ
ʶңˮЦſˡ
Ҽһ档˹˵
ˮһͲµˣӦǺͷսʱ򣬲ȻǼԼһҲ㹧ȻˣҲʡºܶ໷ڡ
ʱ򣬶һ˹ȻķˮǰҴӷģĿ
˵Ŵӣֶڶ£ǹϵǰ⣬ԼҪꡣ
ӵǺܹӣܼ̣Ҳأ򿪺ˮһ۾ͿһϤĶһϤĻ
Ϥһֱ֪ʲôõĻѾ˰ĻˣֿһţǺܿĵġ
Ůͼ
ô򿪣Ҳܿ϶ΪǻĲ϶һģԲÿҲܿ϶һŮͼ
ھŮͼ
ˮûд򿪣ǿĶֻȴˮܼ˵ֻеһˮܼ
ģ
һµСģȴûùĵĶСһߴСһ˿ŵϢͬûһ˿
ˮЦˣ뵽ǰʯԼǰĶյ;壬ЩҪЩоԼԺҪѱʦ·
ʣһһƾɵҳ浹Լſ֡
ӡоƪ
ˮüͷʲôӡоƪȥһս
ӡоƪҵӡоƪͲоƪˮֻϲ²µģɬѶҲ֪һֽӡսһžսƺǿ󣬿ϧ޷
󿴵ˮɫƽĿЩҲûеͣΪ֪Щôʵоõǲоϧо޷Сģò죬򶼴򲻻ͼǿеŮʥʣó˵ˣΪԼ˳ŻģȻ˵Ż
ԣ
ˮĻöеһʯ£ʱҲȥ˼һʨӣ֣ܳ൱ĳ֣п壬һϾܸܵһ΢ãǾĻָٶҲӿһЩ
ˮȤˮû̫ȤԼеҪ
˼ңЩأ᲻أҲǿܸĻ򣬼Ǯ㿪ˮЦ˵
˵ЦˣϲͷҲܿģⶫֵʲôǮġ΢Ц˵
ˮЦˣԷʵԼǷ飬̸ϣǻ죬ùϵʲôҲԼԸһ¡
Ǻǣɣǲ⣡ˮóһƿԪһƿԪϡ
˵Ҫ͸
ǲҸĶˮЦʡ
Ҳң
æˮֽĶսɾվţ۸ǵͷϣҲϣ¶񡣡
˵ˮӰһʧ¥ݿڣһʧˣˮһߣһϣǱ亹ʪ͸ˡ
ʱƿ򿪣ƿеĵҩʱֵֶˣǼˡ
ˮûǳ̩ҵ飬֪˻ᴦģȥһκǣȥˣǷ񻹺á
ŮͼϵŮٶû˵ﵽƺûκ⣬֪ʲôʵӦҲɡ
ȥ󣬼Ůʣˮ˵˵ڼŮҲʲô̩ӵ๼
ˮǿ͸ȻĶָŮͼСӣзݣرСӡ
Ľɾ
ˮʯٴζƬ̣ȻϹתȥϹû˿谭Ľȥˮϲ
ʯͻյһĶֻ޵ĿҲ޵ķ
յֻ޵ĹҲӾĿ򣬶ʯӵ塢ӴϵĿ
ܿͰʯһĴֻ꣬һʯѾˮޱȣºˮǸġ
ǰʯһѾһֱʵԼ֪ôʹãѵһֱţڿռûãԼɾͿʹãԴɾ˲ſʼб˵ûɾûڵԼ
һεɺϣҲһֵν֮ˡ
ˮоʲôƳɵģһߴСȴٽңģûйʯͷһ
еĴһ£ϹҲ˳Ľ뵽ʱҸһ
ֻҪʯĴͻյһľ޵ʵһһ½ͷȾǿˣиٶȵı͸ӺˣѾˡ
ЩŰĿŵǾϤĻҲܺ棬ھŮͼϵŮ˭Լǲʶ


1043 Ůͼͻ
뵽ʮ쾭ˮеڴ
𻭾Ĵ򿪣չŻ򿪣Ҳӳˮ㷢ƣһֱ˫۾ʱˮһһӽչ
еŮһѩ£е㳤ֻ¶ٰƣȴǸˮһɼЭУ޳һʥһ
ˮŻŮ˵ֲǳӣһҶĲʳ̻Ҳ׺µ䣬ǵ۳ĳкţˮ˵ӲҪ˵ĻǾ˫۾ţסʥ࣬һĴ
һʥħӣһֶĤݵĳ嶯һòѾ޿ƥеŮˣϢ͸о
̨诣
ھŮͼ̨诣ˮȴҲе⣬о̨诵ԴﵽŮͼҪ
ԼɺϵԼŮȻ;ŮͼϺˣȻ̨诺Լֻһ֮Ե
ˮеƣеȼŮͼˣеȼٵõŮͼΪʲôԼأ
ŮͼеŮӸʳڣעһˣһŮԵõŮͼˣҲ̫֣Ҳɣֻһ뵽һδ˻ᣬԶ̨֪ŮͼϵŮӡ
Ůͼǵ𹴻Ů֮һӹϡװȣȫһ˼ܼһҲһ־޴Ե
Ϻʱˮһ̨诣Էɴֻ˫ǾĽһڻпǣԸĴߣˮþá
֪ľŸŮͼϵŮˣѾнİ˸ˮ֪ԼлһѾܲµҲǾԡ
ʮŮͼѾţʣеŮӦԼ߻һΪʮ쾭ԭо
ϺհޣԼȥĿԻԼҪȥˣŮͼϵŮӲǶнġ
ˣʱЩˣ
ˮŮͼ׳ɽϣǰŮͼţֻЩŮͼѾһĪˣֲǸһֱţǱƶó
ֻ˵ӷеõӦòĵõӦЩֶΰɣ

ܿʯľʹﵽһͻյЧӵĲ࣬⣬ڲһٹЩӾͺˣյ弶ˮơ
ǰ弶ʱܿ죬弶óʱˣûӵǿˮ⣬ҲڴʯҲܿﵽ弶
ӡѾˮأˮǿɱУȻиѪеĿйԽϳ⣬ΪˮҲ̫ǸСж¡
ǻƺƿһڣǴؽٴγһףԽԽˣѾǲˣļ

ڶˮǰǣʱԽԽˣˣһ͸öǰʥݣеȴ
ǵĴָˮļסǣĳзһůůĸо֮ЩоΪиŮˣ䣡
һįΪǸطûˣ¶Ĳǳжһ˵ġ
Ʈѩﲻͣ첻ѩģˮϤׯԺǺĶԵׯԺ񺣼Ǻͺӥҡ
ӥңֻǴ˵Żú档
ׯԺܰſܰ
ֹ
Ѿһѩһһסˮȥ·ܿˮͬҲһİѩ
ˮ֪ڣܵ˺Ϣ
ҺСġˮ΢Ц˵
ôƺҰͨһ¡סˮ˻ǿ˵
˵ҽˮ
ˮ
̫ϤˣɻĿˮһ£ԱߵһѾתׯԺȥ
룡æ˵
ˮֲ٣ʶ˲࣬ð䣬Իع˴ˮȥ
ŲˮϤٻӰǸŵľɫˡ
ˮǺҵĹүǰڹġ
֪ȤĻصſڡ
ſз䣬ϢǷֲġ
俴ˮһǰ˽ˮıס
ˮҲǽ§סһյƱǶˣôˡ
ˮ
һۣˮĵһʱ֪ʲô
ƮѩڽŵϣԵøʥ塣
⼸껹ðɡˮãʫ续˵
Һܺãǻᾭ㣬ûңƭҡ΢ЦˮĿЦ
ںܿģôҲû뵽ͻȻˮȻǰҲͻȻģһβͬһǳ׺ġ
ܲˣⲻ͸Ͻˡˮգգ۾źЦЦ
ŵŮȻˮͻֹϵǻẦߣĵİһۣŮ֮ظо궼ġ
̧ͷѩ䱧ˮĲеɬ˵ȥ䣡
ȴһħһᱧ߾ѾԸеӣϡ
߿ţů紺ˮܿҰ˱ţ·Ҫһ
ֱ˿͸ʱŷֿˮЦſźѾ΢΢׵Ĵ꣬ϵߺ죬ʱɢһ֮þĶǡ
ˮַֻǻԲ̵ͦδգţĿӣĶ
һֻ뿪ںǰͦΣһղסıһһ֮亣䷢һ΢Ľ޵ݡ
ɣĺܣˮڴĿź䡣
ˣɬĽ⿪½󣬺һѩ׵ѩųһ˲ĵĻεΡ
俴ˮɫһ۾
ϲ㿴ҡˮŴ˵
ɬˮסһŷ۵Сѣĸоȫ˫۷·γˮһ

Ҳûгԣһֱڵ賿ʺУһʼûʱͱˮйˣʵھסַ
һûʲôʵʵѾˣˮҳʺĵҩϽѨǱܣͻƵۡ
ͻ۵ĺƺе죬ô׵ͻƵۡ
һƺе㲻ʵʵҲ֪ˮжǿȴһֱǿܾǰš
һУɫѾˡ
Ѿᵽˣĸ㡣ˮѾ۳Ůˣûʹʥ
ǰȻĸףе㵣ġͻۺϴ裬۲ˮĲӣ˵
ʲô׺ʹȺ͵ġ


1044 ݣʮ˸
ˮСŮ̬ҲЦ԰ο
ͻƵۺ϶һ˿ǿߵϢϢŮϻһֹ°˸оԿ
ϣһ緹һԣܿģϵЦܰ㣬ˮ顣
Թȥ绹күӡˮЦ˵ʱ䲻סһ죬Ȼȥǡ
ЦŵͷΪԼԲŶԺǨͣҲǰݼڣ뵽ﺣŲһ̽ͷ͵һˮ
ˮһ㶣̧ͷɬ΢ЦŮˣǵһô󵨣ǿŵĴ󵨡
ˮٺһЦһѰɺ䱧Լϣٷ˻ιŶԷģмȻҲûٶ֡졭
극ˣȻźҴׯ԰ȥûжԶֱӳݳĺӾſе
ӵʱ䣬ͣ˺Ҵſڣˮͺźȥµʯ淢΢ĽŲҴ󲿷ֵ˻סġ
С㣡
ſڵ󹧾˵ͷˮһȥ
䱾Ǽڻ˺ӥԶǳƺΪС㣬ʫС㣬ˮҲûжɻ֪κںҵλöҪġ
ûãСЦˣˮ֪ǺʫŵĺӣǰʱģСӿЦźţùá
ˮƺֱЦˣһ죬СӵͷʹˮһۣʫŲ٣ȴǱһһ׹ùãʫŵĺӳƺǺӱ
Ц
úãҲЦ¡ˮЦ˵
ܿͼ˺ӥʫŻкһμ󣬺ʫźͺˮһø
ܴСʵڵǣǿΪǽгǿͬʱҲǶԺأֶӺ˵֣ʲôܡ
ͺӥǴкˮͻȻǰҲرĿģĿģڵĺˮġ
ùýƽʱһ
ʫſ˺һ̲ס˵
һ죬糯ϼѩˮʳָ󶯣ʵ뵽Ǻˮһҹ࣬Ҳԭ򣬻оֶŮϲ٩
ùã˵ĲǸǸ
ʫһԼЦˣֱһͦƨϣܴࡣ
ˮǺЦѾͻƵˣʫ˵ӦҵĹͻȻôͺˡ
һ㶣ˣĻŤˮ²ƽ⣬ҲЦˣЦǴסˣۣͻƵˡ
Ｘ˶ǶǺ׽ˣȻߣûʲôӥźҲǺܿģҲˣöˣ̫ˣʱǼ̣ڻǡ
һ˽үѾٹʺ飬ҲͲٲκϺҵκ飬ûֲݣоǺͺҵһЩС棬˶ϲԼĺ˵ףֲԽ࣬Խס
Σˮ֪ҪסһˣԷʱǰѺүҲ˼Ҹ˸ˣҲ۵Ĵˡ
ںһ־޴ľϲεĲƸǱܣ۵ĴڣںǣϢȥԾһƬˣҲǳ׵úҳΪǵס
ˮ֪Լ˹עħšЩˮͺҵĹϵѾ֪ˣֱϢЩ֪練ƣοˮҲûдˣǲ֪ҲҪǵġ
һٷرϲ죬һĵź乧ϲ֪ôǺˮž޴Ĺϵ
Էʱ򺣶˵ҪˮһȥһңҲڰᵽǡ
ùáøѵһΣôҲҪסһɣȥɣʫЦˮͺ˵
ˮͷҲһ죬óһЩڻԪʲôģָǣЩҩҲ˲٣ЩҩܳʱʹһΡ
ҲǺԶԵڵʱˮͺͺׯԺˮԼɾ
𱳾սȹѾˣǲ˳񽣣԰֮ǰˡ
һЩսսȹã񽣣һβ죬Ȼûа취һ춼Ǻͺһģʱ仹Ǿɾ
ɾڵ߲㣬ˮһ춼˷ѣһǰ죬뵽飬͸оҪŬ
֮ǰ͡Լ˹ؼʱ̣ÿ춼ҪĻʶ壬ˮΪһʱġ

һڿڵĳԣҲһӣڲ֪лĳʱͷʱ򣬲ŷ·ѾܳܳȻϡ
飬ƺͦḻģǰḻ̫ˣܳʵҲοӺɷṦΰ޻ڡ
ˮʱѾҪڶˣʱˮ˾кٽɾģʹþл
԰ÿξꡣ
󣬺ںԺϤԼͻȻӵʵˮԶһ
Сʱ򣬺ͣȻ̧ͷܿͿԶĬĬעˮһůȥȺʷȣմϢ
ôҲҡ䱧סˮ˵
ˮŮˣҲֻԼܿһ棬ǰˮӴܶһ֧Ҳû뵽ܿСŮ˵һ档
ҵԽԽˣôȥҹҪһֱˡˮһǾӨĶ
Ǿһֱˣ㡣ܿģЦ˵
֪ݰɣǰ˵һЩġˮЦŲ⣬ҲˮҪ˵顣
ţǲҪȥݣ侪ȵ˵ˮҲ˽
ţǾҪӡˮЦ˵ûпЦŵһ˿ζ
ˮĻһ̲סһеɬ֪ݺ֮ȥݣԸԼĺӣԼȥݡ
ţǲҪӣˮԶŮˡ˵ߵһ
ţ˵ѾͷʲôôͻȻˮְᣬԽԽ࣬ꡣ
ǲˡ
ﻰµˣ»ˡ
ͣƭңǲǲϲС
ˮźЦˣ˭˵ģкüˣҺϲСġ
ΪʲôҲϲСġĿˮ
Сٶʮֻˣѵ㲻һȥ𣬵òãʮ˸ġ
ۣ㣬ʮ˸ġˮĻеǽ⿪ˣ̧ͷˮЦ֪ˣˡ
󻵵ͻ۸ңˮȥݣʵöࡣ˵еʧ䣬Ҳȥݣˮ߶ȣԺӦûݡ


1045 ꣬ˮԥ˼
ĻˮҲе㷢ֻߵȥҲеǿ
ѵҪǶꣿ
⻹ǺܾģǰӦǴεݴ½ģȴû뵽ݴ½ֳ飬һҪʮʱ䡣
۳ȥǱҲôʮȥģһʱеãˣǴҪȥģſɡ
зڣϣģң
ˮ˵óʥú£˳ʥǵıʵú侪ȵһ仰Ҳû˵
ˮսȹ񽣵ݸ俪ĵĴϣȻԼʵȻٿˮԼ˴ﵽôĸ߶ȡ
ǰˮ˵ȥʱͺɻɻʵûǧǣһ˲䣬ʲôˡ
𣿡ˮЦſһ仰Ҳû˵ĺ䡣
ʹĵͷ
ҹˣǸȥϢˡˮЦű𺣶䣬ʧںԺ

ڶǱ𺣼ңŽǷȥʱѾԽĸоĽˣǰʱúõһ°ɣ˳滮һ£һ뿪׻ᷢôͲ˵ˡ
ǰϵҡ
ˮͺǰʱܶ˶ʶ칬Тǰĺ˵оݻЩ֪ģое۳ȣ
ˮѺܸĸ׺ͼˣź֣СҲ֪ãŮһǹɫ㡣
˵ŻεҡҡͷȻͺ˵Щʲôº⣬úҲˣ׼ʲô͸ˣСҲУÿһУǰҪˮˮĺУӵĺҲС
ˮ䱧ҲᱧƣСѾͷų⺣䣬䱧СʱƺرĿġ
ϲСӡ

ʱҲֻˣˮеΣҲ֪˫ʱ᲻ԼڳȥƺеѶȣǰȥʥݿУ·;ϵʱҲ
ˮѡȴΪڳûа취ΣֻԼæ
һʱһζ
סмȥסֻˡ
ôʱ˭ʲô츳ˣԲѧѧӣǰ뿴ǵʲô츳
У츳Ķĺܿ죬֪óȤϻѸʱ䣬֪γһ֣һġ
󷨺;ŹǱѧģˮ֪ÿĻƣѶԶر츳ҲȤھֻҪܻţȱ˸õĻţ˵ʲôֶεģҲʵһ֡
һˮʼѶ֪ʶˮʵмʹöΣؼʱ̻ǿսʤֵģ䶾öϻǺǿģҩּҵġ
ˮôȡܶⶾ䶾
ҲҪѧϰŹаɱͬʱõľڤˮĶͷԼһ˫ŮϲںڰУڵ衣
ڤ԰ɱ;ɱȤ֪ʲôʱСһ֪ڵͿһЩҩҲΪԶǿҵĺģˮģˡ
Ҳԭ򣬹ǹܲסֻǸϿΣڤСƢ֣еаһеͷۡ
ѱϾѧܿ죬츳ڣˮصϣǽֻʨ͸һһֻǶܶЧܺã֮⣬ˮҲǱܶġ
ˮ͸˵սսȹ϶󷨣̵ֻھ֣ͷ
ʱɽΪҪӡాͳϵϢҲǸʱɹϵ̷󣬺ѧϰԼսסսȹսѥϵ̣ɹˡ
սսȹ棬൱ھУӿ죬Ҳʵָٶȼӿ죬˵ʵҪ㷺Ķࡣ
սսȹϵ̵Щһַģ¡ӰۣӲɫһˡ
ϧǾЧ޷صھдϵ̾սʲôģЧֻеһ
սʲô㣬սоһֱھһռܶƣܵ˵Ǻǿġ
һʯҲˮܿģյƺһûб仯ȴ˰˼ˮĲᡣ
˼ľ徳Ѿ似ڶʮֻޣм޷ѱ䡢裬ֱӱС
ţû˾ļʣǺ°ɣˮţӦÿԶκ޶˰ɡ
ºˣٴһܹؼʨǳѱ޴ɣһֱѩ̿
ϣʨʱʯĴﵽ弶Чٸ߾ͲָˣϾյ弶׶ͣʱ̫ˡ
ͨ鱦ĴûиҲӲٵٶȣʤޣٳɶࡣ
ӦҲ˰ɣʱ𾪻ҲٶˣЩúˣԸı䴦ġ
ϹˣˮڵľҲ㶨ˣһҹԼչȥʥݣԶַòüŮȥ
лҲзգȥޣˮԼһǰĿԸҪʱ䣬ҲãʱԼȥǡ
Զַڱʥݣǲܶˣзںħչˡ
һ˼ˮҲ˶ˣСҪȥġ
һĩζԽԽˣŵƽʣÿ˵϶ϲЦݣ˫û١
½ϰ״ͬС죬һȻݹ꣬˶ڣԸоׯûʲôˡ
ȴСӾ͸ӿˣ꼸ڣ׷ѣ˵£Ҫ߶Ĳ࣬ħţڣǺСȥģûȥƼҡ
ûԶҲûԶĵˣʱתǺѵģԼҲ⣬Ƕ⡣
ˮǸ˵ʱѾǴˣݹᾣˮܺã˵ԪѾǺܶࡣ
ڷڣˮоŵùϵԪʹӣֶˮ˵ʲôڱ˵ޱȣΪԪġ
үӣҪȥʥݣһδʹҪȥݣҲôģտһ¡ˮҲĨǣֱ˵
ģȻǿģҲûԸϹͷƴ΢Ц˵
˼ʲôԸ˵һ£Ҳڰﲻ㣬ԺҲԡˮˣ顣
ֻҪһžͲҳ¡΢Ц˵
ѵ˼ûʲôԸ𣿡ˮЦ˵
Ҳǿ󣬿ϧ֪ʲôʱʼݳ˵׵ĴڣлĻϣݰС֣÷ݲô
ǸһĿǰҲұ֤ôһġˮ˿϶˵


1046 ľģǿ󣬾
ĺܿ죬ʱˮõׯԺΧŹΪҪǰʥˡ
ˮһҶ衢㡢䡢չ嫣С֣Ҳˣˮ֪ͨˡ
е˺ܶ࣬ħšڻƸЩҲеǰʥݣЩ֪ԶַϢԶǰ
ˮһа˸ˣž޴ĽˣһȥʥݵԶַˮǴԼһҶ衢ﻹչ嫼ȥֲŮˮ뵽ǵʵȥĥһҲãҲʹӦˣǵʵԿԽȥġ
¸¥Ͳ׺Ҫչ˼СӣԾңҲģοԼҲֻȥʥݶѡ
ˮе˻ֱ֣Ҳ˲ջĿ⣬һȥҲټʮʮԺˣһɬС
ˮɾĿĶȫң׺º¸¥Լ˶أȻ֪ʲôǰȥû
ˮû˵ʨߵŮ˵ǰϢңһԼһǰޣȻʨҪ˳ȻҲͲȥˡ
ʥλڱ棬Сݲ࣬ԽϵͣܶطǼشرǼԭб磬԰Ѹɼȶô¡
һ·ϴҶǺܳĬҲǣҵܳأҶ֪ʲô飬رһҶչˡ
ʨˮ˽Ĳ൫ģ֮ǰȥԶַϣԶַԼеõԼĳͻƵǾˡ
κζпܣֻͻƵûʲôܣҲͷҲһѡ
ˮ뵽Զַ뵽ݺӣҲûв´Ļһȥģοϴηֱʱȥ˱ʥݡ
һʱȥˣ΢ڣպõͨǣֱţˮʹˣ·ɾ
ڽɾǰˮһʩչУֻһʩչˮһǸоͱһŴֽϰʹþǰʮʹþзһλֻͻȻϲ
оǾˡ
˷ܵˮæɾȻʶܾĵ
ݴ½ǳƬ;ƶɣĪ
ٶļٶʵҲֺսС
ţˮֱˣǰٶһļһʵֺٶӶļҲ޷ֺһεӦúǿģֻһٶٴһˮʵõµ
У߶ģУ˲佫ﵽһֱϵʮ֮⣬ǰ磬ÿʹĴΡ
ʹþпЯΧʮ֮ڵһ壬˺Լ
ʹ۵ȼ
ˮһ³סˣǱ޴ľϲĳģֱ˯ͷ̫ǿˣҲڻܳƵϣˮѾˡ
˳ʶǰֱӴӾĿʶҲܸܵϲָܣоĺԼһһ
ţ
ˮͻȻֵһ㶣;֮иӦģ˵Ĵ٣ĲֹһȾԼѪӡ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱָӦУҲǺǰˣֻǵľĲǿָӦһʱӦӦþͱǿһЩǰٴӦҲǸǿˡ
һ
ÿδʱҲģÿʹþУԾĵʹԼӦöйϵ
ˮͳɾʹþзȥȻٴʹþУһʮٻ
ûصͨǵͨ¥ϿգʹʱѾûзӦĴΣѾ൱ǿˣÿʮĴξһʮǰǿı嫵ľݴ½ûĿԳΪ񼼣ɱԽ׷ǡ񼼡
ٴνɾоˣĵı仯ˮӳ˶־оԼʮ׷ԲĶܱԼľдߣûĿװɾ
һԲʮƽףܴ˺ܶ࣬ϧҪ󣬽̫ˣѾ֪ˣһǰʥݽԼʱһǰȫҲǴġ
ΣյĵشֱӹȥΣʱֱʹþдӿڶˮΣһǿȺ


˴ӡ
ˮص㣬ȻҲ£ԴսҲǿޱȣرǻ꣬ޱȡ
ˮһͻûκι˼ɣﲻ˴лһֻʷ䣬ʱעĶ
ΰ̬ͼһź滭ˮоԽԽԹһַɣһַɵģַʽֺʺڵǰ˲١
ڶ죬ʼ·ˮ˵һ£ڰеĽʧˡ
У
ˮҲǳԣϾǵһΣʧˣԼڷ
һһ˵ʱֱӳȥγһȦĹεȦһҲУֻһιȦȽϴ󣬴㹻Ѽȫȥ
ԭ
ˮһڿˣһ´ȥͷˣľĺ;оǿʱգԼǲĿԺᴩϺ
һֹͣˮٴʩչУ
Σʣһεÿ׼ŵʱʹãߵˮɾʹãǸʱÿһʱ䡣
ڸ·ٶȼֱÿֲ˵ǰ̫ˬˣÿֻĴξУʱˡ
Ժʡ˸·ʱ䣬ʱʹˣȥʱ̫Ļַֻʽ·Ϳˣ絽˸Ȥĵطͣһ졣
ˮͽɾǻˣߵĵڶ˵ôţĺҪϣˮˣȴǸˮôһʯ
ˮɾһ±ǽһЩʯڽǽϣǷñǽӾĹ
ˮ뵽ǰЩʦʱܶ඼õġǽľ뵽ЩЦˣΪоԼѱǽԱЩٻҪǿܶࡣ
ˮڶϲģÿʵдƻһ뵽뵽Щɼƻ򻨴йƬҶմԸҲǴƻɡ
ʯɫرĳ֣һҲܵʯ󣬾ǽܻᷢһ
ձǽȻʯҺһεεڱǽϣˮʶסǽһֻεͿĨ


1047 ǽͷ
һεεҺڽ˱ǽӺõϢȸʢˣǽûκһ˿ı仯
һ졭
ʱʱһصޱȣæʯÿͬʱͷϵĺ顣
һرĵģɹˣֻǲ֪ڵıǽʲô仯ǲǿӾĹ
ǽ
ǽصɳ۶ɣ潳ɣǿɱ
ʹߵıʵɵٶȺ͹ٶȣɵļùٴηһɳܵ˺ʹô˽һļʵõľϲ
ʹһľ
һˮ֪໹٣ڵ˵оĵģΪ޺ôǿھĹҲֻһӣ޺黹ǿ
ڿʯǿȻֻǺܵһ˱ǽһӦúǿˡ
޺Ĵڣһʵڵһ޺ˮھĹвعƣһ¾ˮʵֲ
ˮٶȴһǰʨģڵۻҲкôӦøѻ졣
ɾ컹磬ڰ첻·ֻеӪϢʱʩչУȻϢڶʹþС
һ˶оرУˮֻҪʱ͹ˣʱ䶼ָˣоһЩ
Ͼ͸ˣǺķ䣬̺͵ķ䣬ǽһƺѾˮ֮è壬ֻû˵
ˮǲ˵Ҫ̲˵ֻٵȵȣԺлģһĺܿں˵۹⣬ֻҪģԼڣڱ˵۹⣬ûǸġ
ʱڲ֪жȹѾݺͱʥ֮ĻԭϣԽʥݿԽо¶ڽ͡
֮ܿҲ͸£Բʱڴ½εݴ½ޱȣǶϲȽůͱ䣬ڱʥݾ˵ҲرµĵطհҲ溮ޱȵĿء
ͨܲ䣬ҲܲȣȽطΣա
һ̫Ѿ쵽磬ˮѾɾֱӰѴŪ̫£ɹ̫
Ҷˡ߹ȥˮıӡ
ţѾͷΪأϢͿȥˡˮ㿪Ц˵

﷢Цĵȥˮıӣˮֻס
˰ɣˮ˵ЦŸһëӡ
أҶôˣͷͲ°㱦Ů򱿰Դ
ˮȻûЦͷˣþͺˡ
һҶһͻᷢһ
ˮҲ֪ڷڸ򽣷
ݵʥĵıԵشݵʥ֮ĻԭյأˮҲ̫⣬߻бˡ
չˮԶĲݵϣɹ̫ҲУһǰȻǺ˵ȥʥʲôչʮ꣬ûҪȥʨָ뷨
룬ǶԷ̫ǿڵȣ鱻ˣٻȥȥԼûлŵġ
ˮҲչ嫵ߣүүôʲô£
ˮĳüʵ
չ˵ҵһųģͷһˣҵǴԻ͵ˡ
öˣЩעˣЩȻֹˮѾ̫飬Ҫ̤ϱʥݣоȻЩչҡͷ˵
үүӦлǣҵˣǻȴһСˮ飬¾ǻعҲЩģҲĵء
ҲɣѪֻ֮Ŀֻͽʹࡣչ̾ʾеΡ
ѪծһѪģүүˮӣүүһԹˮᶨĿ˺öһľһָоĵɵġ
ҺܿģˣүүϣʲôҪأţҪѧֻ̣ҪһЩӶĪĺô
ҶЩҲҳģûаյҺġˮЦ
ЩһҲУΪġ
ллүүѣˡ
仰ˮֻһչ˵ЩأҲǻˣǰԼֲ̫ںĸоһƺˣļס仰
ˮɫչҲЦˣĵЦˡ
Χϵ޺ߣҲᷢУһ壬һû޻῿һЩȺҲҡ
һյأѾ뵽ΣյشĿǰΪֹҲֻһþжһΣʹһ޿񳱣ɽҰյĶޣˮһο龰ֲ̫ˣֻԼԳȥҪǾھˡһξˡ
ÿ춼һʱʹþУԺȫÿʱʹþУϾͰȫˡ
һʱ䣬ˮٴʹþУĴΣžͱˣһͣˮ͸ܵһرǿϢֱӽ֡
ˮһ㶣ѸٵǿϢȥСչǡ
ˮ˵Űѽ޶һ˳˳ȥ
ΪˮֻܵһǿϢʱʵܵǿϢģԿ£ھɽıӦûҪǿ
ҳǵǿϢ⣬ֻǵϢһЩǿϢھڶ컹вӵʱ䣬û뵽ʹһξ飬ɺϺܵù
ء
Ļˮüͷһ޴ɽ£ˮ˺ǿϢһɽ£ɽҲ£ھֻ¡
һҲֻһ˲䣬ǰѾˮűǽбŰһԾȻͿ˶޴ޡ
ͷǣ
ֻţһֻͷˮһ塣
䡣
ͷˮޣ
ֻͷǣѪɫӣϵޣױȵٶȣֻѪͷǶڰ״ССֻ࣬ͷˮֻʮңСһ룬һˮ׼տɫԴرȳơýǿ׳ϣɢһơ
ˮʷп֮һļˮޣˮܴļ֮һһֻˮ޲ƽһֻܻһֻвܳһֻˮޡ
ͷˮѾ˿µо߱ˮϵǿľǿʹñףǿһֺˮĻƵĹĻǱ𣬱Ļ¶ȸߵˣĻȴǿ԰ѿ
ˮʲôҲ˵ֱóһҵҡΣֱеľһ̤ŶԷ̤ȥ
һô磬ľʱֻöֻͷгһ㾪֣ͷˮȴûκηӦ


1048 ͷˮޣս
ȴǴˮϣΪһֻͷеģӦһֻɣȴȫúõģֻֻͷе־ѡ
ˮͷˮ޺еһЩ֮ͷˮûκο־壬ֻͷжп־壬ȴûκ춯
ͷˮ޵ãһߵϡ
ء
ͻȻͷˮ޷һ̴ٺֻͷǷĸˮȥǣóٶȺͻԵĹ
ˮŲһ̧
ŹŹң
ˮӰΧеıǽһϽһֻͷǵһֻ̽ѡ
ͷмһͷģȻΧµλĿ΢СͷСԵģΪĿԴˮ״СͬѪɫѪ˫Ѫ硣
ĿСһͷǶĸһԴóˮԴϵһš
һֻ׳ȴѪɫĻѸٵˮȥ
Ѫɣ
ͷǿĹҲɱĹֻСһԴķģٶȴǺܿ죬һ
һɳġѪһߺХȥͬʱǾ޴βͣë׵һž޴ĴɡһˮƺҪˮȥһ
ޣ
ˮֻ֪ϸûκʤ㣬ǶһԼһЩսðɣ
ֱ۴ϸĻ֮һֻһӭѪɣӰһ㿪Ǿ޴β͹
ʱͷˮ޾ûжôڲԶţȷ·һֻޣǾ޴мԴϵˮ鶯֮
ء
һѪɱˮĻ޳ɢʴʱ䣬ֻԴһ֧ѪɣƷγˮ
ޣ˫Ϸ飡
ˮǽĻһΪ໥ųѪɣ
أ
ʣµֻͷҲˮѪɣһʱȺ裬еĲϵıһ
ͷǵٶһÿһζǽˮΧм䣬ȻˮҲڲϵı任λԷѪɹ
ߣȺ裡
ˮȥĻ˫Ϸ黹ûջֱڿըһֳÿָֻϸ׵һˮΧм䣬еѪȫ档
ء
ͷˮͻȻһƳĺ
ء
ͷǷӦһǺͻȻˮһֻͷǿž޴Դˮ³һѪɫĻơ
ѪƣѪɵһֻ̬мԴʹ
һƬʮ״СѪɫĻ·ɣһƬ΢СġѪһţֲޱȣˮȥ洫һǿҵĽ֮

ˮΧĻǻ裬ָֻϸĻ޽ӴǻƵʱ򣬾Ȼˡ
ʱǰоԷǻϵʱһɣڲ֪ԼӵǿĻ𣬵ԼĻǷȱϣ֮ﵽԲ
ˮıǽһӣ
һ޴ĽӡֱӳϿգֱӽһƬѪס
أ
ڱ
ըһ𣬡ѪơʧˣɫӡҲʧˣˮȴЦˣ˴ӡǿ
һ̽սˮЩս˽˺ܶ࣬Ա߻һֻͷˮޣһֱûжɹ
˴ӡؽӡ
ǽĴӡһֻͷѹȥ
ء
ֻͷǻ־ֵĿԽԽĴӡһ־ľֵ
ۡ

ֹʱˮҲˣһֳ̲е㲻ԼĽǾ˴ӡ
ء
ʣֻͷǷͳĺﵽʵ޶һˣ츳ǿĻʶͷ룬ˮϹꡣ
ѾɱһֻˮûдͣˣԵ˾˴ӡƣһʱıϾþĴӡԺعġ
ǽþ񹥻һ
ɱһֻͷǵˮпͷˮ޷ֶԷˮ۾ûһ㲨ˮһ
һĮӡ
֪˵ҪǴˮſͷˮ˵
һĬˮɻѵԷӦòɣˮ֪ʶһһӲ
ʶĸһķչ
ô󵨣ܻٽɣ
һŮʶ𣬽һ㣬һɫʣһȣû뵽ÿͷˮĸġ
ˮ֪ô£һŮСʶȴǺܲһܵĽֻдﵽһʵǴ󿪵޲ܡ
ˮֻѾŲͷǣ֪ǲᶯˣ޹ǿΪиӲпᣬһǾݶԵĳǳͷˮޣζܡ
ˮҲûȥɱֻͷǣˮûв
ͷˮǿޣˮ뷨ѱӦúѣĿǰҪпܡ
ǽ̧⴦һͷСĻ
ҵĻ򷢳žըȻ󱱶ǽһͷˮ޴ȥһĲӰײͷˮޡ
ء
ǿмԴƵǺȻһԴ³һտɫĻ棬ѸٵĲס˻
ꡭ
׵磬ΧһƬӰΧĿۿɼը
ޣ
ˮǽһʮֱ۴ϸߣĻɫûΧһ˿˿ĺɫӰȻ·һͷˮ޳ȥ
ء
ͷˮмԴſһУ߳һȦ͸ˮһĻ֣ͷˮ޻м䡣
ž
ˮֻһ΢Ĳ⣬Ĺֱӳ鱬ԷȻһϾͻڣֱһ֧
Ȼͷˮ޿ֻԴġ
أ
ͷˮеһԴһˮһĶ뵽ˮϣĻȶ
ʱͷˮˮ͵ǰһλԴͬʱտɫĻߣתˮȥ
ߺϸȴšͷһһһˮ
꣡
ˮһ̧֣һֻϻбˮǿĻ꣡
һֵľȻڣ·һбòôʵˮֻ֪ɱޱȣҲ׳ԣҲرĵģΪ浽Ҳʣҵɱ
߹޺ǿˮ˵˷ܣû뵽߹һôǿ
ƽˣ
ˮܾȣȻԼĵûʹãֻͷˮҲûоȫһʵܳ־ãˮĺ٣ҲǺܵģ֪ͷˮ޲һֱȥġ


1049 ˭Ǵˣѱ
֮
ˮһεѹŶԷȥˮֵѹԸֻͷˮޣеףϾɱﵡ
Ҫѱֻޣ¾ѱҲãŪЩϧ
ñƱˣ

ˮϽһһ޴ĵɫӰˮϣˮм䡣
ؽܻ
ȻڣҲһʵһľһʵعʣûж٣Ҳˮˬһľ
ǲܵعƣʵʵڵһľһˮĹϬˮ־ҵĲҲͷˮƽ
أ
СһԴҲѸٵˮһˮòˮȶͷȴˮʮտɫı
ĴСֻȭͷСһֱˮȥտɫıԶ͸ܵĸоһԵµı
ŹתǬ
˲ˮʧԭأͷˮ֮ľƴȴûжϣǾŹתǬǿ֮޷ܵλúͶԷλá
Աˮȥıȴͷˮ޷ȥˮһ˲ͷˮеã͵ǡ
֮
һ˲䣬ˮóԼĻ֮ˮһǿɱﵡ
ԡ
ԼԼҲǺ۵ģ鷢ıȽͻȻͷˮҲûüκηӦٶ̫ˡ
ž
ۣ
ˮˣǰĹͷˮһǿĹͷĹˮĻһֱʴоͻȻʹõĻ֮һ³׵ѹͷˮ޵ˮ֡
ֱӳͷˮϣǼһͺһڡѩ𺣡һĸƵסˮĹ
ˮĻ޳ͷˮƺ˺ǺֻܴˮһһۼɼͷˮڿϺǿ
ˮͷˮ֮䱻һտɫıϸţֻûüǰ赲͸ܵһΣյϢ
Źһã
ŹޱȣеĲĶ಻ʤ
ˮӰһ˼ĽǶʧʧһطǰվĵطͷˮ޵צӴ͸ﻹԼµĲӰ
ֻצϴտɫĻƣڹ˲䣬Ƴ˻꣬пµƻ
մ˾Źıˣ˭ҪͷˮֻھȥǿעҪˣֻ޵ٶȿޱȣǰһˮûоŹĻԴˣһֻ޴צӿǱˮˡ
ٶ̫ˣˮĿǲǰһٶҲһûоŹ㲻Ź֮ףŹ֮ٶױȣĽ˱˵ٶȣԼʵ
ӡ
ˮͷˮʩչһؽӡ
أ
ž
ͷˮ޲мִɢˮĽӡ
ˮҲţڵͷˮѾ⣬һֱؽӡʱס
Ҫ֪ڿʹ˻þһͷˮޱˮû֮˵ġ
޴ĽɫӡѾסͷˮޣˮ׼˻ޡ
ˣڿ̸̸˰ɣأǴأˮںС
쵰ǲκ˳ģɱҰɣŮ̸϶ô档
ž
ˮĻ޳ͷˮϣ
һĺۼ֣
ɣҿʵǿ󣬸ң㲻ڡˮʼս
ˣ㲻ǸˣԶ᳼ġ
꣬ҲǴˡˮֹĸоеĻ޶
ұ֤ǴˣҰɣˮ޳ܵ˵
ͷˮ޲ٿˮˮãɱ֮ϧסǽһᡣ
ˣ᲻᳼ˮʶʵ
˵ˣҼʹҲֻˣκδ˶ҳͷˮ޷ŭ˵
ûа취ˮֱӺһ˹ˮ֪ģûа취
ˮûȥǰģ޴ĽɫӡεĽͷˮޡ
ߴﹾķˮͷˮһ˿ɣˮҲһɣѱĻҲĺô
ﾪ۾Ȼˮң˵Ǹħ
ˮֱֻٴγɣȻһһӵĳȥﶼѱǾֻܳˡ
ˣѾͷȥѱǼֻɣӦû⣬㲻ʵˮָָֻͷ˵
Ȼû̫ʱѱֻͷǣĺǿģͷˮǸ⣬ǿľǣѱģҪϻԵ
žžž
ͷˮ޲ϵķҽѾˮѪۣǿҲסһֱȥ
ˮֻͷˮ޳ҲףһֻвһֻܵɾͣҲܿһΰɣ
һҶ뵽ԼҲˣҲΪͷˮƯǴˮһ۾įִţŲһʱ֮ġ
ˮһ㶣ͷʳ̻Ůˣһֱоģͣ裬ѱһɣͦϧģ㲻ϲѱ𣿡
ҵȻϲϧǿһΰɣߣѱĿ̫СһҶҡҡͷϾҲѱʦ֪ѱĿΪ㣬ﶼʧˣûбϣ޼ʹѱҲǵѿһѱֻ͵ȵѱƷ
ˮԲܶ˵ĻȴǲܲĻһҶеλüأĵģȻҲںܾǰ;ǰʨ飬Ϊʱ췽ҹ̷
ˮ˴ӡ߰ɣŮ˿㣬ȻҽǵðƤ£·һܺá
ǰ״̬ߣԷκ⣬ʱʹ߻ʲôģҲܾȣҲرľȣϰ˷ˮϵĸ顣
һҶˮĻҲû˵ֻˮһۣʳ̻Ůһ۲ˮĻߡ
أ
ˮĻͷˮˮһ㣬ϵѪѾֲͣĻָ𾪡
أ
ͷˮһҶ͵͵ĺУȻһҶ㶵Ŀͷˮޣٿˮ
ô˽裬ǲв㣬ȥƤǵˮװģľҪ֡
أ
ͷˮ޷ŭĺС
һҶסˮ˵ҪңֻҪһ͸ңҲҪͻ뿪
ˣðǿɣ֮ҲòáˮǺЦ
쵰ִǲǣһҶˮһȭȻͷˮޡ
ˮе㵣ģ֪ǶģΪ޲ˣĻһԾŶԽǿԽ
ͷˮްͷĵ£һҶǸԴʱˮˣԲͷġ


1050 ͷˮޣ˱ʥ
һҶ΢ЦˮƯԴ˵ʲôҲ޵ԣϾѱʦ塣
һϮʤѩһҶվھ޴ͷˮǰ棬ǳЦʥؽ࣬ƯͷˮվһӾһֺгˮҲסˣ뵽ܶ龰վߣܸоһҶվʵġ
ˮܿģһҶѱֻͷˮоԼõģͷˮޱ޶ҪǿȻиѪصĿйԽϲǸСܲܽͷˮҲ֪Ӧúܴ
ѱֻͷǣֻͷǿǱļֻǿ޶ҪǿʵҲֻ΢ѷɫһЩΪûнʵǿ
һʱѳӵʱ䣬շͷˮޣˮɴЪϢɽµһֱӴ
һҶܿģͷˮϵ˺ѻָˮĴڣȻ˺ȫҲͷˮ޶ֵġ
ʵ̫࣬СֺǿδɣˮѾ֪СֵأʩչշħǶʱԺԼȫعʵҲǴҲŷӳǶʵÿʹú󶼻ڣúء
СҲڴڷʵУ
ˮʥͷڵĵȵҩʲôĸһҶ裬ͷˮ޳ȥ
ԶѾ񣬶ˮ￴һҶ轫Щιͷˮ޳ȥʹõʥԪȡ
ͷˮ޵ʵǿˮֻǿ޷ı仯ͷˮƺر˷ܣʥƺе㲻һ
ˮ뵽ҩʥصֻͷߡ
ʥƳʥֻʹţӵʵѾ൱Ŀ͹ۣˮоѾﵽֽ׶εԲĽ׶Ρ
ͷˮ޿Ǿͷڵĵʱˮгһֱֿһˮ뵽ⵤǾͷڵĵ顣
ͷǣ
ͷˮǷɣеѪͳ󲿷ֻǣͷǴ˵еޣĪǣ
ǶǶͷǡ
һҶ轫ͷڵĵιͷˮޣƺûж룬Ϊ֪Ǿͷڵĵ顣
µͷˮֱӳ˸߿գֻԴͳĺУϷһȦȦˮһ
ˮ°ɣһҶ赣ǵ˵
ģµģһܵõܴĻԵˡˮЦ˵
ģһҶ辪ϲ˵
ŮˣҼˣҳԴˣһ°ɡˮһҶ˵
ͣ
˵ʲôأһҶɫ΢Ľһ䡣
ˮס֣Ƿ绪գܿġ
һҶεЦҡҡͷԼ̧ͷʱ貵ˮޣʱѾˮһĻֹסˡ
ѾʲôҲˣֻһһǺȴǺܳء
ˮʶȥͷˮ޵ڷ΢ı仯ڲϵıǿڴһֿٵɱ䡣
ֻͷʹ˵ѾϣѪԭЧﵽ°빦ֻͷֻͷǣֻһֻûнͷ磬еСź
￴ֻǣǿʵرĿģ˵Ѿһޱǿѱʦˡ
ʹ˵ϽﳹѱһжΪڣѱ޵ʹοǾġ
̧ͷˮһҶ裬Цˣ֪סһӲټ޸ˣѱֻͷˮرģԼѱܿģҲǶ׽ǿ˵ǰɡ
ž
һͷ·ǵ𣬼һ˲еġ롱ƿˮ޾ӨĳڿУ˿еͷˮʱˡ
ֶһԴ
߿ţ
ֻǶһԴҲ̫ľȣͷˮ޶ǵ߸Դݴ½ʵеԴеβ˵еľͷߺ;βǿޱȴڡ
ˮϹǿ˴ӡҲŷ֡ߣһܹؼ֣ԴҲûʲôֻͷǣʵӺܶ࣬ȴҲرľȡ
ߣһԾˮڵľ˴ӡͣˣϹǿͻʱɽ𵤡
ͷˮ޵ĵ߸ԴͳͷһߣСͷ࣬Ҳһģһ֪ĸ³ģɢŰơ
ӻˮ޵ģӦýͷˮˣСûб仯ֻʵǰǿ̫ˣˮսûеףصĴӡԽס
ˮԱӦû⡣
ء
Ǻȴֲȫһ͵һҶˮǰǵİѾ޴ļԴ̽һҶǰ档
Դ̽һҶǰ档
һҶ迪ĵкϲ֮⡣
漵ˡˮ޵ĸģˮҲеȲˬ
һҶͷһëˮͷϡ
ˮűõԴ糯ϼѩַ
ڶ죬ˮΧҸطѾϰüŸ·ֻϰߣҲϰˣݴ½ޱߣȥǰʱ˷·ϣһȫµһֲСʹ࣬ΪҪʱ̫ˡ
ںˣҵĿʱ̫ˣֻǴֻ֮أˣȻżҲһЩݺͱʥݵ߻̶ӡ
̶ӣ֮ҲǿߣȻ޷ĻĵأǿߣҲһֶĲһڶĲ˭ҲûܶԸǿ޿񳱣޿ֻܹԼù
ˮȥɾͻڸתתЩϡҩݻڻԭеĺе㣬ӹҲ󣬶ǶҪˮҪġ
չȻûˮֻżȫѾѵʱڡ
һҶõͷˮ޻ֻˮ̤ʵ٣ԶַӷһЩ
ȻȥԶַһĥͻԵˮǵǵİȫһºˣǼһһʵӦÿԱġ
ǽȥʨҲ˲٣Ѿѹʮ꣬ʮ꣬һҶ軹ҪһЩֳصĸоӿ಻ԣЩ֪Ϊȴ
һνһʱȥˣѾԶʥݵӰӣһͷɽӿȥޱߣһоޱߡ
ѾǺܵˣм仹˺üѩֶëѩһ¾߶·ˡ
ڵʥˡˮԶһ
ˮվһɽԶ滺˵һ䣬µĵصһɽҲվ￴Զ
ǵɫ죬ῴǰͦɽ꣡


1051 ѩǿǣ˭Ϸ
ˮվɽԶѾԿıʥݣ޼ʣ˿ˮии뷨
һҶԼչìܣڴһ죬ȴе㲻ϰµģΪвǶܽܡ
㡢̵Ҳе㲻ǻˮȥݵ飬Ϊ֪һ޷һǰʵﲻܸое㹼
Ǵһطһξоͻֱӳڱʥˡ
ˮڸоϵĵӺأһ꽫Щѵһ꣬ҲתԵһ꣬һ꽫һոµľ档

ѩǿǣ
ˮһ̤㱱ʥݺһŵص㣬ûк䣬Ҳ񺮱ѩͬҲǱѩء
һѩǿǵĽֵϣǺ۵ģŮȻɴסգµˣرɢʣƵƵעĿ
СֵҲرգۣߴһУ벻עⶼС
ˮĴ⣬±װǿߵĵȻϢӢϣüɰֽյϢҲ˺׵Ķ࿴ۡ
ȻѾ˱ʥݣνԶַص㻹ԶҪһЩʱܸϵһεʥݣԴҾȥ䣬ķһЩĶ˳Ҫסľ¥
ˮʵиС񣬾ʥݱڤҺػĲˣΪҩʥصԭ򣬱ʥݵػӦö֪ǵֶκϢ֪練ƣֻ벻Լ鷳Ͳ֪ˡ
һ²һ£էˮǲһͺͱսϾǱʥݣ˼ҵʵ̸ڣһǵһЩظˣԼҲԲʲôôȻԼʲôˣߵ˻϶Ҫչˡ
ˮ֪ܲܵһʱ֪ԼϢϾԼһ·þģԼٲô׵ģҪһЩʱɡ
һԼϢˮԶһԼһֱˮоԷǳԼġ
˿ᣬӦʮ꣬ǵԼϢǴϴ˵ҲǺܿһĿһ͸оܰȫĸо
ߣĸˣװ̬ӦΨˮЩʲô
Ϊ߿ϵϢǵʵôùˮˮûбֳʲô뿴Ҫʲô
ӦòǱ˰ɣῡǰº͵˵
ǣˮûлصԷĻΪûбҪ
Ŷ㿴Ҷ˽ˣҽ¾Ҿѩǿǵģѩǿб棬쿴ֵܸоϤһʣ뽻ѡº͵˵ˮϡ
ˮЦˣӲԵ޹ʵĽʣ޹ڷǼ鼴ԼǸˣпܳԼߵŮϣȻҲΪԼϵĳֻǲ֪֪Լʲô
ˮ۲˲ûзʲô֮峺ҲǺ壬ֻˮǴӶԷϸܵһԼϢһеΣյϢ
ˮڲرĵʲôʲôҲƿأЦ˵ҽ࣡
ˮû˵Լʵ֣ҲûиǽԼߵˣȻҲûжô顣
ֵܣǻûҵסɣߣҴȥдׯԺţλûҴǹȥ¾˵
֣ðɣǾҸ¥ˣ̫鷳ˣҲסһѡˮһ䣬ֲЦˣοûзʲôԡ
ֵܾԵ֣Եǧۣ㶼ˣߣҴȥԶܷģʲôµģÿ춼˴ɨʰûסء¾ǰסˮ
ˮɫĽѨƿΪһȻָסѨλá
ɺϻǹģ
һ;廨ţѨؾʲôҲضϾַֻЩһЩ;˵ѨˮҲᣬȻš
ˮƿѨλҲûз¾ʲô仯Ȼ˴ɫЦţ֣Ҿڴ˶һ죬˰ɣ
ʲôԺˣҵֵܣǴһˡ¾ر˵ţ˵ĺȻ·һ
֣һģһʻԭ򣬱Լȥ࣬Ϊ֪㣬һܡ
ǾǵڶϷ˵ĻӦöԺܶ˵ȻԴﵽ㾳磬Ҳαװɡ
ֵˣôͻȻѩǿˡ¾º͵˵ˮ˵װһͲǱˡ
Ǵģ̽׵ġˮЦҪ˵Ǹһǵģ˵Զһɣһ˵İĺܡ
ݰңԶֵܴǻԭɼʵǿ󰡣¾ˮҲǾ˵
ԺҲˣ̫ΣˣҪмС·ϻ֪ٴأ̫Σˣе㲻һȥˡˮŬ޿񳱵龰Լϱ־ŵɫ
һһ̸߽ˮ˵´¶־ŵɫʱ¾Ҳ΢΢üͷоˮ˵ԼһСʱ¾Ҳһı仯ֱ仯΢Сϸ
ܿׯԺ͵ˣλú徲ܱͨԶʮ·ʮ·ҲŵϺŵġ
ֵܣߣǽȥǲ⡣¾һкˮҲкˮߵˡ
ׯԺܴ󣬺һʩ£ˮǸокܶϢҲ˵ﲢ¾˵˵סﲻкܶסԶ
ˮʶϹҲǻ𣩺ʶĿ£֮µһҲܸܵ
ˮׯԺܣоȵǣׯԺûرԵɭ֮ӦǱʲôסˡ
ˮѾˣԼǽˣӦûһʵǿֻԼֻܲܳԵ¾Ϳǵıˡ
ɽ֡ʯš
ˮ̧ͷϷڲ۵λ÷壬ǿĿԲ֣ᷢˮԷˮʲôҲֻԶƤëʶܵ۵㲻ɢӣ
ҹעǸƽҹԼжˣֱӴ뿪
ɫָһһƾ˽СӣûСӵĽֱӵ

Եر࣬Ҳرͻأ
һ˲ׯԺһ˸о쬵ģһĸӦ˵ֻʣһرǱԩˣ˵ǵ뿪ĵص㡣
Ȼһ˵ˮ̸Ųţܸܵһ䣬ǰһЩϵլӣﳤʱûС֮˸оеĻš


1052 ڣ
ˮŵڵϵĽ壬Ҳ̧ͷ¾ɫһɫ˱仯һޱȵɫ峺˫۴ʱҲɭֲȻͷˮ
ˮе⣬û뵽˻ôͻȻˣΪܵϵԼϢһɭϢ
ԭ岻ֻסˮܵڵġʱܿһĴܶ
ѵйأ
ˮͷβǺǰأʱܾӵ˲ƴ䣬ܿһ
ͬʱܿƵĻˣһַĿѪ˿ѪǵĿͶˮߵˡ
仯̫죬Ӧóκ˵ϣѹͬҲЩ糣һǲ̫ʢĵطȻʵһͻͷ顣
˵˲ǲʲôġ
¾ĹаҪϵؾ©ģҲɱ¾˵֯֡
¾ˮǸܵһϵϢرĴԲǰڨˮһǰ
Ѱ֪֣ͨȴû뵽լȻаҪ⣬ֻӲսˣֶͨβǹĽǰˡ
ʵϤ¾˶֪ɫһ˫۾ޱȣһ֪һκܴɷǿǼŮˣֻǲ˵Ҳ˵ѡ
֣ôˣаˣˮ˫۴¾Ц
ŮȻҲǺǿ󣬵¾˫ʱҲе㷢һ˫ħһ۾ݡ̬Ѫ񡭡
аˣǺܵùΪʲôƫƫҿǣҶûеֿ¾ˮƽ˵
ΧѾȫׯ԰УƮɢȥΪׯ԰ڷһ󷨡
ǰˮû⣬ڲŷ֣ЩϹڵˣƺеĻҪǿ
һ䣬Ҳʲôϣ㲻ҪŭңȻڵĻᶼûСˮϵ΢Цûκα仯
̫ˣа֮ҲǺܶ࣬ˮûҪҲûҪά壬˵˴ҶΪ棬ֻҪûĹЩɽ˺Ҳܲڱʥ飬ҲԲһֻ֣밲Լ顣
ˣҹڶ֪˵ҹ붯㣬ô¾̵Ц
ڵ¾ǰŷ츲صı仯һ˵ʱ仯ֻ΢ı仯
ڣˮû˵ʥˮʨ롢ڤҺңЩԭ֪ģľʲôҲ֪ˡ
ڣһҶȴǾĿˮܾȡ
ˮ뵽һҶڱʥݴ˲ʱģ˵ˡ
ˮǱʥһǿаɣǹڵĴգӦǹڵһ֧ǿġһҶе㵣ǵ˵
ػΣ
ˮȻˣԼҲдˣҺͱڤ˵ӦøǿһָоػػҲһҿѹסӦҲػѹסһ߱ڤҡ
ڲػ壬ҲûаػػǿʨļҲػ塣һҶҡҡͷ˵
ˮ֪鲻ˣǺܵģߵ˶һǿߣԷƺǧʵûп
ƾʲô
ˮ΢΢ԥߣ˺ʵǧǣѵֱɱ
ˮֱ۳һŻֱ¾˹ȥҪƾʲôôš
ڻԷʱ˲һǳɫĹȦֱӽΧм䣬ֱڹȦըȻʧ
Զʩչˮ֪ϵһ֣ı
ϵıｻȫʬ¾һ˫Ӵһ˿Ѫ컹һ˿ڣҲǱɭޱȡ
ˮҡҡͷȻ̧ͷԶΪѾ˶ʮӰǸһ
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ˮüŮСֵ˽Сֺչм䣬Ƿմֻûзѡ
ˮΪ׵ļ˺ֱӽʵ𣬱ǽҲУü˷˷մ
Ϊ׵߶ǹϡ֮꣬мǸߣϵһÿľһϵɭϢõСڵϡ
Ȼǹˣ˵ɣʲôԸ˵ҶӦ㡣ͷҲûлص˵
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ˣ򶨣ܳסϷܾȡмǸΪڵһֱˮ۹һֱû뿪ǰ۹ɨ¾ʱҲûг׵ĴˮƿĿ⡣
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ллˣ˼ң¼ǿʲôʵˮЦʴûǲ¼ǿģΪпܵòҪĴ𰸣ܰװ˷һλᡣ
ԥһ£ȻˣҾ͸ˣҵ壬˴ݻϵģ֪ݰɣʵҲԸһĻش𣡡


1053 Ի꣬ɹڤ
˵ʱرĽˮͻȻ֪ǰ¾Ϊʲô˵Ҳö¼ҿͿģԭ
ϢˮҲر𾪣ݻϵģûжʱûˣʵжǿأ
ڶˮ˵ǸµĴڣûܵعƣɲ޵ˡ
˼ң¼ʵΣˮǰ¶ܳԾɫȻܳԾʱ򲻻ԼԾӡ
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Ѿȫ꣬ܵ˵Ѿ֪һЩ飬ܹ⣬̧ͷɫеѿ¼ڡ
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ҲǸûаˮŵУ¼ںĵ˵꣬һԼҲ֪ΪʲôҲΪˮԭɡ
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лģӦõõġƽĿˮ
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¼ڴʱǸŭͱ˵ˣˣˣǰƽϴʱɭޱȣһֻǰ滮°Բһɫ潫Χֺҳһֻǿ赲ߣž綾
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ֻþ֧ŵġǱҲһھĶֶ˵þƻһ㡣
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ˮľǧǣ޺ˮľʵﵽһǧңϱǽǣˮľعƣʵǿҲҲһЩعĶ
ˮĻǻ𣬾ǻδҲǿֲޱȣοԻķʽʹãӿֲ
˿ɲܺͷˮȣһӴû־ҵĲһʱˡ
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˲ǰЩ˵м䣬Ļһ˵꣬һֻ޴Ӱȫ֡
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ˮԵĸܵ˵Ļǿ˺ܶܶࡣ
еԴԴϵĽ䵽βʨӰϣӰԽԽԿһֻ޴ɫβʨһͷҲԽԽɢϢҲԽԽֲ
ͷȥ
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޴ͷȻſһһĶ˳Ż޺ˮȥͬʱ޴ͷһĳˮǰ
壡

ˮҲʹͻ


1054 ¾ˮµʵ
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ն಻ѹˮоһû壬˵ҪѲƤҲΪƲŸôսȻֱóȫˣ룬Ϊ֪¼һиǿϹķԼĿʵһԼ
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1055 ߲Ź
ˮͷˮԼͷǵ׷ɱ£ʱ䱻ɱĸɾʬҲû¼
ͷˮ޵ʵҲǺǿˮʹ˷÷ʱӦûǿԺ׵ĶԸ÷״̬Ӧúͷˮ޲࣬Ҫ֪ʵѾ൱Ŀˡ
ˮ뵽ֻͷߣڵͷˮҩʥزعĻǲǺͷߵʵ࡭
ͷˮ֣֮ҲǱܺһЩعԽ߹ȻԽǿ
ոհʮӰѾˮԶЩ˺¼ǰЩ˲࣬۵Ϊ׵Ǹˣһº͵ˡ
ȻϣɫȴǺܺãüϸĿݣһذѩ׵ĳͺһɷǡ
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¼ǾԵĴڣû˸Һ¼˹ȥ֮ΨֲҲ¼ŰԵĹޱȡ
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ˣһҺܷŭѾûмûˣΪʲô徲һء̾ƺΡ
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˼ұ𶯱ɱˣµʲôѵ𣿡ˮ˵ĻҲĿϲµĶ
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Ѿ޷ֻսǾȶְɣˮгеĻֱŶԷĴȥ

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ڤԳ죡
īɫˮһָһɫľ޴Ϣ˲γһͷȻԽԽԽԽ󣬷·Ǵзɳһ

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ΧƺǿңϵҲǿˮһ󷨣ۣĻ۴
ˮ㣬˵ʵѾԼˣ󷨵ڻ۵ĻԼֻԱˡ
֮һȥȻˮ̤ǣϣһһiأȴޱȡ
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Ĳ岽
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ˮĽŲ֮أŲٴ̧ɫҲе㷢ס
߲Ź
߲Ȼ£ֱһѪŹȾҪƵۣĻ۴


1056 Źǿ¼ˣͬԴ
һ̤£Ź飬Ź֮ڵһжٵܵҲƵ۾ۻٵ
Ȼ¼˼㿪λãһģмʵǿţҲͲһʱʱɻΧе˶ǻٵܵ˺мʵõĸǿѪ
ˮڵϣһ˿ѪʹŹ߲ŹеǿҷǿԷʵԽǿ۾Խ
ˮ΢ЦſŶˣѸٵĻָţ¼ҵ˶סˣ¼ҶȻٿˮгŲź;֡
ôʵڣˣҡ쿴ղʵĵͺţ·һֻ˵Ұޣʵ˻š
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ʣµǧֻҲԲǣֻǰһؾ͹ȥƴѾˡ
һҶѾȥ˷մߵˮߣˮǵѪʱһۣԾְĲţؽһŮˣ˿ûһѪ
ձɴסˣֻ¶һ˫ʳ̻ʱסΪ˲ʨ֪ǣȻʱ꣬ʱһҶѾǵŮˣȻôᱻʨĹӿϡ
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ˮմԼѪڴһ£û£ֻһЩСѡ
һҶ͵ĳ֣΢΢ˮһ۾뿪ˣŮϼֻǱɴסˡ
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жɱˣɱ֮˾ѶϵֻܺڣʹԸĺʱ
ԷȻ˶࣬ˮȫ״̬ϼֻޣοߵھŹ϶Ų裬ʵǲС
ˮҲ⿴սϣСַ֮ǿģȻǼֻޣһսǺģ˿ɶǧǶһЩʵһʵνǿټ¼ںܶ¼ҵ˻治ࡣ
ʱù˺ˮҲҭˮ˾ǷëǵĴڣƫƫ¼ײˣһײǹˡ
սʱ䲻ˮʵչǣϾս᲻࣬һʵսһ֮սһ˵ĳɳǺҪģʱͻԵĽչ
һսӵʱ䣬ֻɱ˴룬ˮɱҲ٣ԼŮɱҪһЩҲˮŮ˵ǺĬЩĬģһָожϡ
սˣʬף֪ļʮ˶ʲôʵһᾪһȺӵġ
Щʵ˵һȴǳ˼ʮˣҶˣսƷպã˼ٻ٣ǻҾ͵
һʯˮԥһ£ָʯϿ¡¼֮Ĺĸ֣
˵ز˾ϲ뿪ģڿ뿪ˣ¼ҵĶˮûʲô̫ȤΪռջ˲٣ĺöڼĲֿ⣬ȻһЩװڿռ⡣
ֱӴׯ԰뿪һо͵ʮ֮⣬Ժ󣬼˵Ӱǳ׵ʧѩǿǡ
ڵ˸ʱֻйɭɭׯ԰һЩѪʹ򶷵ĺۼȻǿ¼֮Ĺʯ
һ۵ü߳ĬֻվĹ﷢Ŭûսĳ棬﷢ôĶȻ֪ˣֻ̫⣬ܽܡ
˭ôɾĽ¼ң˻ͷԵļ˵
Щ¼̫ˣǲǵʲôˣϾظʲôʵ˭˵ءһ˼һ»˵
ΪҪ¼ͷ۸أºˣݻȴգЦġҲеŵ˵
Ҳû¼ˣֻЩʲôͷһǺ棬Ȼ˭֪ʧˡ

ͬԴǣ
ĸк󵽵ǣѩǿǣͬԴԵúͨ涼Ҫܶ࣬ÿطķǲһģÿǶǲһģЩˮȥܶط¶һЩطķ׼иȽϵġ
һ¼ѾˮںħƺЩʵһЩҪǷںħݴܲã¼ûǸˣںħʵҲ£ǿҲ޵ġ
ǿ˶ݵıһǺģ¼ˣɢɢģ٣ΪȥݻὥĺʧȥϵɼͥĺûĿ֦ɢҶʱƳҲֻƺˣ˵ǰһңǴݹȥģʹҲ١
ԲŻݵ˲ݵ֣ǵݵĻҲ΢֣ϾֵܶĺҲûʲôϵˡ
ûбҪģˮҲˣݻǿҪܶ꣬ϺߵĹϵ͵ˣǲרЩʲô˵ƣûҲһʮ꣬ǲŲĲãݣоԼܰƽ
ˮ͸оޱˣˣҲԵˣһҾ¥ס£һûгʲô⡣
İѾеʱˣɴͶطȥˣ춼вٵĸҪȥ
ˮȻȥɾԺͲûʱȥɾˣÿֻҪʱʱͿˣǰûɾʱɶˡ
Եÿп෽Ϊˣÿһŵıŵļį˻Ц§ŮܵʱǶڿÿ󲿷ֵʱ䶼жȹԲҪֻ˼ҹʵʱֻǱ棬ֿ࣬ܳԵȥ
ˮɾɺܿ࣬·Ҫ߼ɫŮ˶ûɫҲ˵־ˡ
ɾŵһѵĿռЩǿޱϵĿռֻռõ࣬ɱԽԶ׬ǮֶΣֲô˶Ҫð
ˮ˵Ƿַ֣һϼǶˮţõĶߣͶսٻǡ


1057 ϤϢһҶ
öĿռˮ鿴һҲǷ˱ʲСĲƣҩҩʲôرĶ࣬воֻ֪ܲǲһٻЩҲǵˡ
ЩˮŸǣЩҲǵʵӲ٣ˮֻھЩͻơ
ˮڿռҵ˹ڵһЩؼϧˮ֪ܲҪЩǿġ
ʲôҲر࣬һЩϡŹֵĶֻûзʲôǿķ֮࣬вȻϧûʲôôͷ˻ȥ
һʱȥˣȻݼŮҪСֺչǣЩ˷֣ÿ˶зݡ
֮ĻǴɾ磬ԲƺͻƵˮе֮ھرǿı
չҲˣٶȵģֻҪ֮ĺʹչԲ磬ˮʵϾǷ츲صı仯
֮ľ绹Ƚϵͣˮ˴֮˴ӡڴӡؾ磬ڴؾ磬һǿת۵㡣
Ǵڣȴˮ㽽ֻǲ֪һʲôʱԵڴһ㡣
ˮѽ״̬ҲΪʱĳ㣬һжһѭһûʲô滮ڸо滮Ƕġ
ʱǰʲôǲ԰ģˮûռԵʱ䣬ɾѾԸıǰڵһУѾΪɾ˷츲صı仯

ڶûʲô£ѵôҺ飬ԼȥͬԴǣʵÿһصˮ뵽Ϊʱ䣬ֻҪǺܽ˾ûôݳˡ
Ϊ䣬˴£ˮҲᴩźô£ϴ·˺ֻܶ࣬Ǻõĵηֺö֡
Ҳָо䴩ı㲻Ҳо䣬˴úҲоȣοǿ߲˵ڱѩо䣬û֪ˣ˵ûһвͲС
ʵѾŴԷźţ˵䣬䵽һ̶ȾͻҲһźţܳǿ߸ܵ䵫ܣǵһиоںĶѩĶ컹ǻʵļӺһ
вʱĻᾭһЩ޴ķݣһرĽ棬һֱķӦһΪ¿ܸӣһ׷ĸͬ
Զһ㳡˺ܶ࣬СҲ࣬㳡ܴ󣬱ǰЩ㳡ˣޱȣĺܶ࣬һЩˣڱӼ֣Ȼж̨½ﶼǳ磬˶ĵطͲ䶷һ
䶷ֻ˿ô򵥣Ա߻һĲ㣬ÿǰоʤһ˿׬Щ˾͵⡣
ͬԴֻһСǣһرСǣǸʱ򿴵̨սȻ죬ԭʼֱɵս
õĸֻװƣÿȦӶиԴڵԭ򣬾һ˿ֻϾûȤȥֻʤԼǰӮǣЩǿǰһϵĴڡ
ˮͼŮ˼ѣԲ̨ϵˣȻǰ̨ϱȶ˫ΪһźͶţֻҪˮһţŮ˾ţ˵ǶĲ˵Ǽڶ棬һȤ
ֻƾԸӮˮôܳԿ˵˭㷿
һ͸ƾ£Ȼ֣ߵһţܴλλãվߵһţʤͿ
ľȻһҶ裬ˮе㲻ףʲôһҶ˼ۣŤ˼ѣҾͻȥˡ
ÿһˮһСʲôģǮǮ٣ֻҪԼϲľһϰߣͬԴǼͬ
Ů˶ˣһҶҲˣ͵ʱеΣһҶ赹Ц£ˮ־ֿģͬܺܺͳȥʵʲô
һúҲ֣ܿˮסͬԴ֣
ʮ
ѾԶ˷ĳУʱŵһЩׯɽľۼأҪȥǸԶַҪ
һȻɽ壬ɽеĵ·ܿ··ܶ࣬Ҳƽ·ϷɱĻоһܺã
ҲɽгˮɽкøУǱʥݵв΢λãԽ¶ԽͣʵҲԽǿ󣬵ȻԵҲǺǿģڣǾڱʥݵ档
һɽֲĺܹ㣬ͳ˺ܶܶ࣬ȴˮоУĿõĳ棬ݴ½Ļͺãˮӡǰ徲ôӡ
ˮһڴſĴ·߱һЩɵĻ⣡

ԶһԼ޺ͳˮ˶ǾĿԷΪ︽Ұ޲࣬Ұ޲̫ׯģһĴׯ͸ԶˣȻׯҲ޷ˡ
ǰ޺Ӧ켶ϵʵˡ
˾ȥɱĵط˵켶ޣ𼶱Ҳ޷Ǹ߿һۣ粻ͬˡ
ԽԽ
ͻȻһҶ辪ȵ໥Էףо𣿺ϤϢָоϤ
һҶͷǿȥ
˿ٵ޺ķȥ
ţ
ǿ龰ʱһһʮкһӣǰֻɽһֻ𱪶ҡ
ޣֻɽǺ۷壬ǰһϺ۷ʵȻÿζܱƵû޹
ŭĺǴӻзģɽĺСģǸ˫峺鶯ɫһһӣеĹżڼɽΣյʱһ֣ÿζðӴ̻𱪵ƨмλá
޵ﶼǴλһ㶼βͻţǰԳһܴӲ˼ĽǶȹֻ۵ģԴλֶһ
ˮҪ˵ʲôͷȴǿһҶﶼǴĿǸкͻȻʮʮһке񣬺һҶƺҲе񡭡
ڿǵˮһ
ףҺýţϢϤҸҿ϶һйϵôɰɡһҶŵ˵
һҶҲòǿװ򶨣ţչǺ£Ӧø˵ġ
ţǸøˣ鼤ޱȣĵͳȥ龰ѵǻţӦûš
￪ĵ˵ȻսĳǴɽڣׯҲʮ·ΪʲôһֻأѵҲΪ
һ·ˮܵ˻һͨΪ࣬ǱȽǿ׳ǰû˿֮ģҲһЩʵϢȻ٣ÿһξܷһϢ


1058 ˵žֳۣһҶ

һСıɽ˸ǱȽϴĲλֻޣɽǺ۷壬Ȼܴ󣬵ɽķǿӲʯ顣
ʱеѸܾ𱪵Уرĺݣһᵽף𱪵ĴСҲͱһͷţһЩýޱȡ
ӱᣬ󲿷ֵ޶˺Ҳ⣬ϾֻһͷƷ֣ܿȥ꣬ӦóɣȻֻʮһ㣬ȳƣҲǿ׳ʱƺһ΢飬Ȼǵһˡ
ֱʱƺˮһˣԵúܾȣһЩ˵װԲǴеˣɻĿˮˡ
һҶ˹ȥʱŮҲժɴҲǾϲܿ𣿡
ˮоϳɣеĿ⿴峺һֻʱһҶﲻɫʵ
Сѣܸ֣ܲ΢Ц˵
ҽҶͯԥһ»˵
һҶһ㶣ܿʧˣҶһҶȻһֿܾǸգһǲգֻػȥʱпܸգһֳ裬һֱ΢ϥİ̬ŵ͵
оϵϢرĸӦһĸо϶ԺԼйϵһʱ伤Ļڶ£ҲǺˮ
ˮһҲʲôһҶ黹֪ٵģǺˮ˵˵еģϾС
ˮҲܼϣģֻİģΪԴԺȻǸŮҲûСʱָоˮм侭棬ҵĸǾͲһѪҪҲϹͷҲŽѪףʥ
꿴һҶ飬ҪоŮӺϤ죬ȷÿŮǵһμ
ͻȻоŮ˳ú͸еһҲеƺʶʲôǵżһĸ˵ĻʲôѾͷҲˡ
Ǹ·һֱס𣿡һҶ߹΢Ц˵ĸѾСˣݴ½˶رã֣ʮһ곤ţҲ
ǰҴСоЩûж⣬Ҳʵ˵
һС𣿡һҶ̧ͷӡ
ǰǴأġ΢Ц˵
ʹڣˮǴпһ˿裬ˮޣʲôĶǺܳڣɽгģп˹ġ
Ǹ·ɲȥҿ̽˵
ԥţƺʲôĿҲЩɨһЩϲϾԼƵ˶кøУֺøǲҪκɵġ
ģûжģҾǸоеʧɢ˼ˣ˵ǻءһҶº͵˵
Скԥ
гԼͷЦ˵ģûжģжܶԸ𡣡
ѾͷŻһҶæ˵
һһȣȻͷ߰ɣʵ˵ģֻҪץȥܼܿҵļˡ
˵ֻɽŻŴȥ
ţֻɽѱģﾪȵ˵·Ҳš
ǰҲæֻ𱪣ԼɱܳģͺˡҶͯ˵ֻɽƺرĿġ
Ҷͯļһ͵һڣҵķƺԼػׯĸо
ҶͯɽҰĶ𣿡ˮΧʵ
࣬żŻһֻл˰ƽģˡҶͯЦ˵رгɾ͸С
ϾҶͯ仹СߵʵѾǿˣ֪ߵеķӶиĴԺӣڳݳˣݴ½Ȼ󣬵زֵǮֵǮׯԺڳֻǮ˲
ľʵģľƳɣӲȿɱһҰ޶޷𻵷ֺϺɫĴһȿţһȹţͨŵſԿԺе龰ԺӴһĶأҲʮ෽ףˮ˼ֻ죬һֻ󹷣һ͵ʲôˣЩ˺ļ࣬ˮ˵Ѿϡˡ
ߣȥɣ
Ҷͯкţֻɽͳ嵽ˣ·ҶͯӰѻ𱪵ʬ˨ɽϣŻˡ
˸Ҷ߽ͯԺУǴڣڿҪˣ˲ˣǺҶͯкǶѺá
ҶͯҲĳƺЩˣں𣬽ˮʱֻ˵ݡ
߽ԺʱÿһŮ˳Ů˵Ϳ׼̴ַĸˣ£źصȴβסʡ
üĿҶͯе񣬾ǺҲеһҶҲǴĿţȻʶΪֳһҶӳʱ绹ûгɻ飬ȻҲͲŮǲԼɩӡ
ҲǴĿŮˣƺŬĻ䣬ʱеСļҲģһҶ迴еã
ŮϵϤϢ֪ľ棡
ŮȻ⼸Ҳһ㶣ǶӴģûü˵ʲôȴǿһƯŮӿԼޣĸͷ⣬˵һĸ׼ԼŮºСʱһҲܺܿϳοСʱüеƣֻŮһʱ䲻ȷϣȥ

ǲǽŮҲˮһץסּ˵
ˣһģʵŮ˵ԶʱѾȷˣĶЩǺеġ
ףﰡ˵̲סӿ
һҶҲһᣬʱһ˴һۿüˣԼŮ§һŮޣֻûɻ꣬һ˵
磬𣡡һҶȻʶĸ磬ϾˣٱҲ̫ࡣ
裬衭˲ŵ˹һۿһҶ衣
ֱʱˮſˣֳͬͣˣʾĲ׺һһǵĸо
쿪ۣһҶһ˻š˱˹һҶ̧ͷ˵ֿεĸоǼһ
磬СѾͷЩһֱһ𡣡һҶ迪ĵİһҶתǸŮ˵ķ
ŮšһҶ쾪ϲĿ

￴һҶ죬һ컹СʱһЩƬһסͿ޵ϡﻩģҶͯһߴģֱ
ˮףȿҲеζϾһСͺԼôСѾͷȻȥˣܻеĸоǰιϴ·Сʱ򻹰ƨɣˮԶԼŮġ
ƺоˮĿ⣬һҶЦ߹ôԴˣ


1059 Ҳҵ
ҳԴ㱻˱ˮû˵һ䡣
Ҹ磬ӴסһҶһ˵һ˵͸ое죬ԼôˣƺԽԽ׽ˣȻѾ˾ҲֻǼ˼ѡ˭Ҳ޵ġ
úãҲԴףʵܿұ˭ˣ㲻֪ҿįµӰжۡˮסһҶ˵
ˮĻһҶһů˸ıԼһûԼǵҲҵԼֳҲ
Ҳ˴Լţһֲ֪͸ôҲû뵽ǸԼʦСһһߵɾͣͷ붼һĸо
ԺͶҺõ㡣һҶ΢Цţˮˮ
⻹˵ҪҵҲˮǺЦ
ᣬ˭Ҫ⣬ˣҸҸ硣һҶˮǰ
һҶҶͯСһҿ׹ùã͸㡣
һľݸʵʺõ̫ãľͦʵģٺõ˷ѣοôһСҲʺϡ
ҶͯףенһҶԴüߵľݵС
ллùãùƯҶͯǺǵЦ
ףСͦģǿˡһҶ迪ĵ˵
ʱһҶ˷ܵ϶ǺģһҶҶͯҲȥЦŮ˵ɩӺãһҶ裬Ψһá
裬֪㣬Ȼҵһμ㣬㣬ܼ̫ˣһ´ԲˡŮȵһҶҲرĿġ
裬ҽЩѡһҶ쿴ˮЦŵͷȻһҶ˵
ҸܡЦ˵
ҲҵҿģСʱ·ҲƨɣһֱģˣǹùõķﱧˮĲӸһҶ˵
һҶٵİˮ˵һ飬ȻǺϸҲǺͳ˵һ¡
һҶˮһʮȵľϹãʲôҲ˵Ůĸлл㣬ʲôʱԶŮ
ҿܲĴ񣬽軹ҰƤŮҲŮìܣмӣкûʲôˮֱӽһҶЦ
ֵܣҲлл㣬ǲܳʲôԭ򣬱ϾûҸϸɣŮִŵ˵
ˮʵֲֻ΢΢һͰסɩӣ¿˰ɣ
ְ˶һȻĿȥܴ󣬼ҾһӦȫԵе㲻£Ҳɽص㣬ľ
úܿ죬ҲܷʢŮһһҶãֻҲ˼̲Ĳ˶
ˮһҶʵҲʵԼһҶҲʵӵôģһҶ⣬ʵ᲻ϵҪﵽĳ̶ȣһҶҲҪʮãҲϲ٣ƻҪʮҰɡ
磬ǡ
һҶ̾һ䡣
裬ǰԶҪȥ߶Զ߶Զ˵ġһҶ̾˵
磬ɩӵΪʨ׷ɱŻһܳȥһҶһҶʵ
ôСȴǱˮСѾͷôݵģܺ档
±Է׷ϣǾͷͷܣܳһһҾܵ˱ʥݵҲɩʶģǺһҰҰͳȥΪҪʱ¹ųˣһ¹ŵĵطʨţֻ˵˾Ȼӳһ٣ȴǰﶪˣΪɩӲһҶһƽĻС
СѾͷǺᴩ֮ĿյأһҶҲ֪ˣܴȥΪģȻǲܵģǳԵҲǼֻģ·ĺӶӳԡ
һҶԽԽ£Ͼڻ֪⣬ȻҲˮ˵ʵ
￪ĵ§ĸ첲һҶͯ˵ܵҲ棬ҲǶʧüȶһк̫˼ˡ
һҶ컹ĿԼǳܵģŮҲǣǰһҶȵǰǾ޴ĳסһҶ죬һҶٴ̲סᣬѾ֪ˣǿĵˮ
ǸĵӣǰһҶˮҲûһҶʲô⣬ϾһҶҲСˣǸƽ飬ֻǲ֪ѡ
ˮͼ˵ҪȥɽпʵһҶҼ˵˵ôûмӦкö໰Ҫ˵ġ
СֺչǿģͬʱҲΣСΪһҶҿģչ嫳˿Ļһ˿ΣּҲҴ֮ˡ
үүôȥˣǲҲȥˣҵּҴӦøˡˮչЦ
֪ȻҲôһֱˣҶ뿪ˡչҡҡͷ
һСɽ£յůģһͷҰ®һڴһ֮оԼôС
̡һ˵ʲôʱĴЦżһȻ˱ץˡ
һҶ֮ΪŮģͬʱҲʨˣһҶ϶ĳҶգǵԸǴԽ֮صĻԭΪǲܻģԸűʥݵڲȥ
һֱһҶǣˮ۾΢һҶЦףô˻ޱӣ飡
ˣһҶ΢һŴˮ
ˮЦץס֣С㺦ߵӹĻꡣ
һҶˣûİһۣһֻϣɫᣬˮû꣬־;סĶ䣬ʹһš
㣬㣬ˣˮʵҲǶôʹҪ
ˮʵҲ֪˺Ů֮һʼϤమŮ˶ڷ΢ı仯һɽŮˣҲԺͻ᲻֪бòǰǰˣҲܻԶô䣬˶ΪԼ˸ıʲôʱǱʶΪ
һμ׺ʱִ֮ˮ𺳣ֻţ֮ܲ
ˮһҶģˣһҶ˸ëӣʲôأĲҰɣ
ףģʦԴˣ
ž
ǲǡһҶһ£࣬ǹһ˿Ц⣬ģ뷲ӡ
ĸңˣҸޡˮһҶˮӺǺЦ
ȥ
һҶֱˣ


1060 һҶĻ
ٻصʱѾɫ΢ˣˮ֪һҶһҶ˵˵ʲôˮоӦ֪ˣͨԷɫ
ںܿģ֪ĸĸԼҲҪͳΰĸĸΪκζʣԺȻݰ
һҶ˵ɸ࣬ҲһСĽɣ⿪ˣʵʨҲѷɫʨһƽѡһԥѡһƽ
һεż˾ˣھǲȥΪĸҲѾˣһҶҺˣǸĸ֮ҲϣԼ͸ΪǱɣΪֻ뿴Լƽ
ȻʨǾ˵ˣɱɱĸ֮𲻹죬ֻҪһϣͲܷ
ˮһҶüǣǰУһ㣬ȴǸˣˮһɫ֪ˡ
Ӧ֪ԼҪһҶȥʨˣڵʶʲôԾȫˣѾô׳嶯ˣοѾǺܶǰ飬Ҳἱһʱ
ʵһҶȻܼǾ˵һ飬һҶ֪Ѿǰʨ룬̵ˮˣҲԼ÷򡭡
ֻ֪ǰװȥĻҪȥνǲǵģʵеԥȻˮ൱ĸм
µʱû˻ʶǴ£ȻҲûд·ˣһҶܸоԼһβ̫ǣЩٹʨϢֻΪʵ㣬˽ҲǱɽһǣɽһǾоǰľһԽĸɽ
ˮڷһЩʱ򣬷űƿˣͷһһҶ裬Цˡ
裬Ҫȥ޵𣿡ˮһһҶ붺ʳ̻ӣˣܴˣǰоܿ࣬ڱǰҪò٣ǰḻˡ
СƺִǰɣһҶߵˮЦһ䡣
裬ˣˮЦסı˱Ȼܿľɿ
һҶΪˮסһʱʱֵģû뵽ô죬һʱ仹е㲻ôţԼЦˡ
ˮҸѾ֪ˣҰһЩˣסϼòã֪ǸȻܼ尾ˡһҶЦ˵ֻһֱڿˮ
ȻˣʲôҪҵ𣿡ˮЦſǳЦգĳһ˿̻
˶ģҪôءһҶ΢УĴԸˡ
ǣеȻӣһʱˮһ㶣ܿƵԸе̴ϣһҶǱˮľٶˣһܾͻ᲻Ծſ졣
һºˣˮͷֱ룬ǽڿҰϸ֮ģʱݵߣͣӶᡣ
һҶڴһƬհף彩ӲȵӦʱ̴ѾʧأŮ˻û׼ãʱ˼Ȼعһ뷨ߺ;
Ųиоı۾ҵĶƿˮ뵽ƿˮʱǴѵʱ
糺һҶ촽ЦſˮˮЦζŮ֮㺣е㲻ӡ
о𣿡һҶɬ˵ţСһֱ
ã̫ˣζ֣Ҵˣ
һҶŤ䣬⻹ǺиоģˮҪϣ˵治ۣһҶⷬҲһϵĽڣͽ֮ϵ١
ԽԽˣ˵ԺҸ·𡣡һҶϲ˵
ǸǱģ֣׸ֲҪĸĪǽﲻסˣ
ǸһҶ跢ʱƤҲܺġ
һΰɡ
У
Ҫң
ҾˡһҶ΢΢ͷ˵
úã´һͽá
Ļû˵ãһҶȴˣˮоҪߵһƺѣΪѾ˵һҶΪ£
ˮԼоΪһҶ衭

һס죬һҶҲ֪һҶʵõݣǾϲΪһҶҲ֪ĵǿ֪ΪˮŮֻʮԪޱȣҲǸмޱȡ
ˮһҶͯСӺСʱѱֻɽѾģǸоһҶͯϲǣΪһҶлǲ֮ڳӵĵˡ
ˮҡҡͷģʺǿԺû̽ĳɾҲǲġ


ʮ ̤ʨ룬ȸɽ顿


1061 Զַɽ
չΪǰȥԶַҲǲȥģʱţںˣɴЪһʱ䣬ȵȥʨʱƵʱһҶҲȥġ
ˮٴ·߸˸·ʹþУԶַڱ棬ԿߵλãҲ棬Щ
ʨ棬һ
ԶַǺܻģԽԽҲԽԽӣѩأ絶ѩϣʱѩһĶǽףֵֻǿѩҰޣһЩѩȫסֲ
ˮ˵ĴõطһطҪͨһʱҲŲ͵ĶοһЩѩев
ϵѩܶطһ涼ǺѣˮֱһһƬյأȻһ󣬷ԵֵסѩʲôģһкĴڣȻ
ԶַڵĻôӣҲ֪жǰһͨǲȥˡˮ˵
ԶַĵַʵƫƧģȻ֪ɽҵܹƽ˲࣬棬ֻҲһ޴ϡˮХıѩ
ĵطܹȻǷ󣬵һģˮǺǴкͳȥ䣬̽һΧĻ
ˮڿвžŹʱ㣬洦ôϵĴۿʱҲǺܶģֻ޴Ǻͱѩصɫһģһѩޡѩӥѩޡ
ѩá
ˮ֪ѩúóԣֻǰĺһЩĲͬе²ֵĸоֱץ˼ֻȥ
죬ǳòãˮֻСһҵѩ÷ڵʵ
Уֱ˵Ȼһֻѩûѩףûһ˿ëڱѩһ¶ȣ䣬ȴҲϵѩֻ΢۾رĺÿ
ͷܵˮź䱧һֻѩɻ˵û뵽䱧ѩõӻôĺгȻһ˵ʣ·һֻѩֻװƷҪǺ䡣
ѩûгϣŮҪŵ⼸ֻСֻǱɾǲ⣬ɾҲһ羰

ɽӦÿ쵽ˣºˮһΧһŵͼȻҲǱѩأеĵطȴźܴĲľ֣еĵطͺͺûһѩƺҲûôˡ
Ӧÿ쵽ˣǰѾʮ˹ȥˣӦҲǰԶַġˮ˵ߴһߵȥ
ȻֱվͿԣˮϲߵһߵĵطۿܣһָоľֲ˵ߴߡ
סȥԶַǼҪֿнͷˮ޻޲̫ģҪŵõʲô͵һ£ȻҪܣǾΪѵ¡ˮ˵
ţܣҾӣӵλԶҾͷ˵
˶ǳЦţû˵ʲô
ˮһЩҪĶЩռָǻС֣ȻСֵļ
ķСǰڵطȣһͻȻһҪһķ羭̵һ㷢һ˵ζ
㣡̾˵
ǰϵζˮ˳˵
̿Լķ˿紵ϣ뵽ˮ˵Ļһ죬Ů˵СŮ̬رɱ
Ϲ˵ʲôⲻϵζ
ʱˮҲ֪ˣǺЦźƤٿ󣬲ŰĿת࣬ǴιģζӦǱˡ
ߣȥôζˮһŴ˵һߴͷȥ
ΧǧﶼǱѩأָʲôƺҲûпܣԼô
ôĵطԼһƺرĺ˰ɣˮԼ߱룬ͬʱʶչ֪öԱ߶Ķš
תһɽͷˮһӴסˣǶȸպÿһʯ澰һ״СĿӣͨĿӣоֲͨˮǿеһɫСˮһ¡
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½ܶණɫֵȼ˵߲ߣҲ˵ŲʣĵʮʶУûûˡ
˶ˣСֿˡ
ǷҴ˵еӺǵĻҲ̫Сˡ
ˮʵΪǰҲ˵ֻһֺĶˮûеһ¡


1062 
ǰĸܶ࣬²ģоҲǻȣ˵ĺܣ˵ͷԨԴƺر
ȷˮɻĿС֣֪ݴ½ʲôЧ
ȷСȴƷ֮һСҲرȵ˵
ʲôأ俴ŲʹתСĿⶼûƿ˵
˵Ƿ渳ǿǻ֮˵͹ٶȻر죬иɹľǶԹԼͻƵļʡС˵
ôǿ󣿡ˮ֪ޣڵľ˱زٵȻҪǿ츳ģֻǶ˾̫ˡ
һʥϧ鶯̫ͣƶΪһƶͻ޶˭ǱѡȻҪ
С渵һ˵ͽ˵һ䣺Χһǿػޣɲǻô׵ĶԸġ
壬ʲôػޣôûпأҲǺȤʵ
Ҳ˵ƺػ޶һģ˵һһֿرԸǿĴڣк֮ѪޡСֺǺǵЦ
ˮһȣȻҲ˼ֻ֮Ѫޣڴ˵еһЩʶǾӣ˵Ժܶжп֮ܺѪֻ֮Ѫϡ
߾˵ԴﵽһľԻԣҪܳܳʱ䣬ҪĻԵпܻ
˵Ѿд˵̬ͷ᳤ǣҲнʵȴѾ൱Ŀˡ
С֣˵Ǹڵ档ˮСȻָĵ˵
ӦǵģҲûаգˮ磬˵ǿġСеٴѵ
ʱȥӲӲ첻ˣܡˮƬ̾ˡ
ڸ˴λòҲΪ˰ȫˣˮﾲĿʹתȻ˵ƶоԼɾԣֲʧֻǹԼû֡
ˮǿŷʱͻȻһǿϢˮһУ˵ȫܶ࣬ڴĿϢ
Īֻ
ˮȤĿˮͿĳ棬ھҵĵطȻѣͻȻһž޴Դð˳ԴףֻǶ¹һĽǡ
ͷˮǰʮλϵͷֻͷɫģ˷ϣȴǶЩ
޴ͷһ䷿ôֻһĹ޴ɫӾʮףûû˵ſȥ
ˮĿѾȫеľްԣǴ׳н׳֮ɢɱضΪ֮һ
Ͼһ˵ҰȻܴ󣬵ڲǺԶĵطһްԣǳԵĹ𺳡
ˮܲȷеʵвԼڵУˮеֲеһЩǿ޵׿Դﵽʲôʵ
ֱʧˮ̾ͷļЦЦҡҡͷ
ǰǿֲ龰ҲˣУȻͲˣнѾˣܶûеطܡ
С֣ܵĳеһ޴ѣˮ뵽ʵ
õģ޷뿪ǧıѩصġСƺر˵
ˮҲͷˣٿ԰Ūߣһܵ
ˮľҪɱŪһҶ迴ˮȵ˵
ǽã濴ˣϲŪֻûɱҸоʵһЩˮסһҶֻֿĵ˵
֪˵ʲôһҶҡҡͷҲЦˡ
˵ϻݣҲżȻġСֿܰ˵
Ŷʲôãˮû뵽ӻżȻģἸҲȷˮرĺ档
Ҳǻ۹һɵӳȥҲܿϣ˵ӾͨԲ磬Ĺӣ൱Ĺˣ½ټġС˵ҲһѵҲҪ
С֣ûпܽ


1063 ˮʧ㣬Ե
ҲƺǿԵģҼǵκν׶ζпܽģ˵˵˼С̧ͷ˵
ŶϣСˣֶϾ٣ܵõѾرĿˣֻҪõϣõˮνЦЦڻûеõѾʼǲǿԽˡ
ˮ磬ҪֲһƶܿͻήǰڸֲһҲܿȥС־ȵ˵
֪ҲûʲôãиҲһ°ɣʧҲһǵԽǿԽûʲôôˮԼ˸ȻɣΪݴ½Ѿޣɺܲ

ڶ죬ˮѾ˵ˣҪŹвҪҶɽλãͬʱѾŹһֱԼλá
ֻˣȻ˵£ˮһľ޵Ϣ̫ǿˣභͷ
ŸոˮͰ˽ֻԥ϶ֻ϶֣һ뵽ĴξоһʮľͰȻˡ
ʶ򿪣ΧûκϢȻóõĺɫ죬ԥһȻȥ
꣬ȵûκζȻٴóһöȥ
ˮСĵһֱѾŹ󲼺ãȻҪвһþŹ󷢶
ȻУΪûзˮɵôԶλ۴ھ
ˮһö죬оȻޱȣһִ̼սļˣס˵Ļ
ҪСģ˵ŮҲǵĵĿ
֪ǷģµģסʲôҲҪȥŹ󡣡ˮ˵ӰһѾȥС
ˮһһöȻ
Ϊܵ˴ϤǿҵĲ֪ǵˣҪ赲Ȼϣʱֲٴżܣսڻ롣
һö£˲ŹɣʱˮѾУȻŹ˲ȥ
ͬʱת۷壬űǽһҲҵˮٶȿ쵽˼£ʱѸٵĳȥ
ǽǥһٵ
𡭡
һһĺ𣬺ԹһķŭˮӿٵĶ֣󣬵ϵƺرķɾǰںõĿҲ㹻
ԽԽҲԽŭˮԽһ߿ٵŻҪСģ۶˸ϵʲôġ
ˮպð͸оŹһԥɾȻˡ
ΪһʱͿ۷û뵽󷨵ߴ룬ߣҲ͵̱˲

ˮһɾһгڵ棬ŭ˫ÿһֻˮôͨĿѾտյ

޴βһ˦һӽΧʯмʱˮѾֺãĶ棬ȻԾŹģɾʱ޵ġ
ǰľŹԼʧ㣬ԼУȻֻҪסƬ̣㹻ͼŮСܣںˣֻܵȻˡ


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޴ڸͣĴ֮ϱһƬ棬֪Ѿ뼸ŮڵľŹԽԽ
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ܿŹڵɽ嶼ˣ⵹ûʲôֻǿеСӱ¶ڿС
ˮһսǽɲɵǵԵ󷨵һţԼУ޷仯һһ¾ͻ򿪾ŹĴţٳȥۣһŹ赲סǿޡ
ˮʱϰµģֻܿܳ˳ΪԷѾһβɨ˹ȥ
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ͬʱˮŴĺ˳ȥĿž޴Ѫ飬ʩչŹ
ŹתǬ

ֳֵʱŭ˼㣬һŭһӰƼһˮȥ
ֻһ壬ˮ͸ܵӴѹڵľǺǿģҲڵʱԵֿµĴҲ̫ܵصӰ죬Ϊѹֻҡ
Ź棬ͻȻǬߵֻ꺮Ҳˣûгˮϡ

޴ӷˮѾһߺһǸˮһ𺳵ӾΣΡ


1064 ֮ɽʨı־
ٶȲǺܿ죬һεľ޴ɽѹһ㣬һֲɿܵĸо
شӡ
ˮʹصĴӡ
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ıĴӡˮٴʩչŹ㿪ѸٵĽʹ

ɫľ޴ӰӷԼĺУɢѹȻûеǿ󣬵ҲֿµıǴؽܣ˵ĴڣϧֻڣһֻһӰ
ۣ
˫裡
ˮѸٵĽԼʵת۷壬֪УҲҪһ£Ļ᲻࣬ûгڵĽʵ̫⣬ûһԿɱ͵òʧˡ
ֱ۴ֵĻɫ˲ž޴ĵȥ

ԽԽĻɫһţһƬɫƲһֱӽɫĻסƬһĶѸٵĸŻ档
Ȼ˻𣬾ˮݻƣƶԷǰǱȶԷǿ˵ˮ˻ˮ𣬵ˮҪ
Ҳһ֮֡еľ񱻵ʹã൱Ŀ£Ǵصĳ츳ǷǿɽʯžԵƣݵܣ޴ӾµдǴ֮
ˮֻоƬһġơԼԼĻڲϵıڣͻȻһɲĸо
ֱһŹʹֻǲŸһ̧޴ĵβͳˣˮһһֻѸٵĳ
ž
ûȫȥˮӲһֱӱ޴βɨֻоɢһһȣһѪ̲סĿӿ
ˮִ˵ϼӿʹǱĴ֮ˣˮʵϺľ͸ˡ
ˮԥֱӽУֽһֻ춪˳ȥǰٵһֻ첹ãɫ԰׵ĿĿˡ
ǸҸ߹Լˡǿߣˮűӣе԰׵Ц˵
Ů֣Ȼվһڷе˲ֻ̧ٵۣȻڵһŭʧԭء
ˮƾ̣Ȼ͵Ӳսûκʤ㣬ݵǶĴڣΪ֮ޡ

ǼˮѾɽԶԶȥһһ޴ǼһɽԶܸܵһɵѹȣһֹϢĴ
ɽɽ
ԲʱĿطޣзɳޣ໥֮䲢ûнĶ۰һ
ˮгɽȥһԶַ֮лһЩʱ䣬Ȼһ·ֻþи·ɻǰ˲ʮʱ䡣
ˮͺˣˣǰӾһЩߵɽǰʱŷб򶫱һ޴ɽɽͷҲͷ
ʱԶϡŲˣҲʱĳ֣еĳڸתһЩҩݣҲеУе˵ʲô
˶Բͬĵط˺ܶ࣬һˣȻܶ඼ͬģܽԶַҪٺܶ࣬廹Ҫӡʲô̶ȡ
ʵܶ϶ǿҵİְųһУȻҲһЩϹº͵Цݣ˭Ҳͷк
ϢǿͬǧʵǿϢҲܶ࣬Ҫƽʱ״̬Ǻģ̫ˣϾܸϵǿǿ߶֣ϾԶַҲһκܴĻᣬҲͻһɳ죬ðΣҲֵõġ
Ϣӣ޵һЩϢǿޱȣˮͻȻоһҶϵϢһæһҶ衣
һҶӵĿԶ鸴ӣʹΣĿ˵ʹͷߺޣˮѾµһЩ
ǲǿʨˣˮסһҶֹеʵ
ˮһƬ϶һֻǿɫʨһտɫĿһƤëɫ˫۷Ĺâ̹ǡ
ˮ֪һҶǿ־Żô˸кͷߺޣ֪ĸܣסֽ˵ˣܿͻȥһжֻЩֻҪԸ⣬Ͱȫɣ
ˮҵģ
ģⲻܵѡ˰ɣˮЦ˵
Ҳǵңʲô£ҲԭԼģҵ𡣡һҶˮԼ


1065 ɽ
ⲻһҶһκˮ˵仰˵⣬ˮҲףԼʲô飬һҶ˵Լʲô⣬ҲԭԼʵԼ⣬γԼҲԭԼ
ԼʧܣκβڵȻѾһЩʵ͵λûԼǻӲͷĽ֡
ʵˮѾţ˵оûԼĶֻ֣֮޵ǸǿĴھͲԼڿԶԸˣϣԼԶַеõĽʨ뽫Լݵһţκβǰ
裬ңʲôҲԭԼˣһ£ЩһԶԶַСˮĿһҶ裬ϧ
УһҪǵãô궼ˣҲںٶһЩʱ䣬㲻һˣкܶ˶Ҳˮ𣿡һҶƽ˵

仰һѼ⵶ˮģۣѿһĸо˵ĸоҸһ޷ݵѸС
ɵŮˣԺĻ˵ʹ鷢ҲҪȥ㻹кܶҪʱӦкˣҪǵĺ󡭡
ʲôʱˣ˵˵ˣ֪뷨ҼˮҲǿߣҪ˼СһҶЦЦҲš
˽ҵһյطվ棬ˮĿɨΧѰϤӰ
ţħŵģ
ˮԶħڵĵطоȣӵħˣҲħ޵ĸףħͫҲڡ
ˮٿһʶ˻У֮ǵı־ڣֻûпݺ޳ѩ֪ûС
ˮҲûпݺӣ֪ûﻹããȺУ۾ɨһȦջĿ⡣
ΪҪʮʮ죬ǾΧһȥħʲôʶһ£ô˵Ҳˣﻹڱʥݡ
ŮȻɴסգɢʺԼǵ˻úܶ۾ƲЩ˴һЩΪŵ˺һЩ̫ϵˡ
ˮʶһЩڲصĺܺÿҲûӵÿĹ۲죬Ҳ㣬ϾһӳʸšŮ벻Ŀѡ
ˮҲɫĹۿΧ˶ǸΪӪȻܶ඼˾ۼһ𣬱һݵģͬһģһֹظС
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һʱ۷׷ףҪ֪˶ʲôˣʵﵽһĳ̶ڸݶԼߣռݵĴ󶯾ʹһЩԺԼˮһЩֻҪһһطܱ֪ˮʱܹעǺܹעģܿͱ˹ע
үӣҲˣ̫ˡˮǰ֣ĵ˵
ˮ磡ħͫҲǿĵ˵
ˮ΢Цźħͫ˸кħŽļ̳Ѿ˲ٵԼǰ˵ѾڸıˣԼԼߵˡ
Ǹеģֵ𲻿Ҫھݴ½Ҫñ𾴾ҪʵûʵֻϣûκϿԣΪû˺̸ʲôϡ
һյϣһƤ̺ȥ˵
үӣһǸεǲ˴ˡˮΧóһЩһߵݸһ˵
Щֻݴ½Ĳ׺һܶ಻ɽ¶ˮĶȻƣ˶ʲôĿܶг֣½̫ˣ𡣡˽ӹˮľ˵һڡ
þƣǺþƣҺȵõľˡ̲ס޵
ףϲȾͺãЩеġˮʾһ£ҲһڣǰĻģӴ˿ڣԳֺܶǿߵģֻҪʵܽӴ
˼ҶԶַ˽ĶʲôҪע𣿡
һôһҲȥһԶַһûԶַһԴΣޱȣԶžޡ޷ģȻǿޱȣǿʱ򶼻о԰ôСΣշʤֻڽȥԶĵشԻ㰲ȫԶһĻǿ޿вͿֲ֡
ˮżŮħھΪļŮ˽һǰи׼
˭ˮ
ʱһͻأͻȻʺд͸˵ᵫҲϣһԸоӡ̡
ˮûֻȥʮΪ׵һҲǰ˵ˣҲģһϮɫ۴˵ĺʡ
ĳ࿡رۣһ֪һ壬еɢɫһ˵ʱֱߵˮԶȻѾ֪Ǹˮˡ
˵ŻˣÿһǱɢǷ·һޱȵԽУһ־ӸµԽС
ɽģ˾
ɽʲô˾ʵ
˵ֵСĵ㣬Ҫǵļҵ׻治˼ġǰС˵
壬˵˵ɽʲôڰɡ᲻ٵæ˵
ɽΪңһ㲻飬ֻϲɺ̽ԼѰֻĳ²лῴǣǵʵһЩػ嶼Ҫǿ󡣡˻˵ΧѾΧ˺ܶˣܶ˶ǲô˽ɽ
Ǹ֪ɽΪʲôˮ𣿡Ҳ֪˭һ
Ͳ֪ˣˮͷʢ˱ʥػ壬ɽҲڱʥݵģҲµʥݻˮֻ֣û뵽ɽȻɽ᲻ˮֻ˵׼ءҡҡͷ˵ʾµĲˡ

ңˮһھƺŻվ˵˵رġ
һˮ磬ְԽõİ취Ǹ˵̵ġ
˱ڤҺңüͷ൱ĳء
ˮǰһЩɽۣ֪ɽʲôҲ̫ΪʲôǺͱڤҡйϵǵΪҳͷ


1066 ݺӺ˫
ʲôֱ˵Ҫ̬ûҺæ𣿡ˮеľ˵
һ仰ᣬ˸оرĲˬô򵥵ıˮŭʹŭҲ¶Ѿ˾ˮ޴Ĵۡ
ɽͱڤҡҽãڤҵСҵӣ˵һҪ˵ʲô𣿡˿ɢһ
Ϥ֪Ѿŭˣܶ౱ʥݵ˶ΪˮϧܰѱڤҺǶô㣬ϧҪɽµĴڡ
ڱʥһֱΪ˼ɵִڣһʨ룬ǴŴɵĴڣһʥ壬ҵĴڣһɽűʥʵĴڡ
ڱʥǿڣɡҺĴڣǵӰʵ̫ǿˣҲΪʲôܶ˶ˮоϧΪɽĴڻ治֪˭ԳԵ¡
Ŷ˼˵˭ɽã˭׼ҾͿɱ޹Ϳڴ½ˣǲ˼ˮ̧ͷ˵
㡭ʲô¡û뵽ôǰûһ£޷
Ǵӱʥܵݳưԣߵǿռ¥ɱͨˣ԰ټƣΪĪɽҲҪΪ֮ͷҲҪۣͬҪɽŵĵλϣˮ󣬵Χ֮ڶ
˺ܶ඼ݵģȻʥݵ˲٣ݵ˸࣬ܶʵ߱ʥݵĵ̬֮ˮĻ洫˺ܶ
ɽôǿôͱڤҺʵһ𡣡
ǿ˵׼һױһ׵˶ˣҲǺܶġ
Ǳʥݣ˼ҵϻǼβͺã̫ױ˺ɱ
ųްﻹʲôԴһ˵Ļ̫޴ˣ˭˵˭أʵΪǡ
С˵ĴڣֻĶ׼վڱʥݻ˵˵
ҪԼ̧ôߣ˵Щ˭ֻ֤֪ɱ˱ڤҺҾ㹻ˣѵûеӳϣ˫Ŀˮ
˻ɱһЩֻɱһЩåӵɫ˵ıڤҺһû˵ѵ˵Ǳʥݵػ壿ܵʲôɲ籱ʥݣѵʥݵػȫݣˮŹ˵
˭֪һݣˮڸԷñӣػһǿȦӣǾ˵ʥݲˡ
˼˵ʥݲˡüˮ
û˵㵹ǻᵹһңֻһСոײײĪҪ۸ЩˣˮڸоںһЩ˳ѿ֮һ
СܵܣҪ˭Ҫ۸㡣
Ҫ˵ʱһöĴŮԵúͻأ
ûп˵ˮѾЦˣΪ̫Ϥˣ̧ͷһΪ׵ݺӡ
ĵһ̲ס뵽ڰǵһμ龰Ǻȥݺ¥Էһεĸоо͵ݺӸоơ
ݺӵ˷ǡôȲȴַ˫޳ֱβ̻ͦԲȴʴ֫ϸϸķ
̲ͦΡΡȴûһ´Ӱ޳ԵرԸУ꣬Ҫˮݺܶׯ䣬СԸе΢΢
ٴοݺӵˮк̤ʵֻǿΧʱˣΪ̣Ů˵߳һһֱǣҵˡ
˫
һο˫ˮʧõǿҸоĸоһһֱúҲҲݺӺ˫ȥ
鲻֮ǰ㲻ߣ
һǰһֱӵˮǰ
£ûպ˷ʱ䡣ˮҡҡͷϵĲɽϢֱӣһεֱӽߵ˹ȥ

߱ˮƵһһֻˮļץȥƴһӰһ˿ƿ
ˮӰŵƶ㿪ߵƣǵһΣҲϣ´ΣҲ۸˵Ҳ۸ҡ
ֻǿˡ˵ٴˮȥ
̫֣
ޣ
ž
꣡
ٶ̫ˣֻһ죬ŴһƺˮĽŲһ仯ûУŹǿ̫ϵߵֱۻǺװ쵽ġ
ҪֵʱֹǣȻǿˮݺӺ˫
ˮҲΧˣֱǰץס˫֣ץĽģϾΧźܶˣôҲ̫֣ԲںҲҪΪһЩ
˫е뿪ҵʱǻص˰ǣΪһ㣬ͣ˼ûлңǰʥݡ
Լ֪ΪʲôҲҪ뿪ˮͻȻоޱȵĿ飬˵ѰȴҲûзֻ̫ȤĳѾˡ
ϿԼģԼһҪҸֻý㿪ģýĿ
ˮץԼ֣ܽԼʧһûһԼΪʲô뿪ҲûԼǶ𣬿ŹԼˣůһֵһ
ݺӿˮôں˫Ľޱȣɫ΢ЦĿˮ˫
ˮһֻͻȻסݺӵ֣ݺ£ûѣɬĵͷȴůůģΧĿе㲻Ȼ
ںܶ˶۾ȵĿˮǰ߼ɴŮӣ¾ûпҲܶ϶˼ɫ
ŵŮȴǶûдɴ˫绪ǣݺӵķ˸˸棬졢߹󡢷ױȣһׯŮӣһַˡ
ߣǹȥݽ㣬ּˣ˫ûչ˺㡭ˮ˵еɬʹĿ˫
ˮҲá
ˣ˫ǹȥǻǱߵءˮֱ֣Ůǰĵطȥ
һ˷ģܶǰˣֱڲſǣһʱ䶼Ŀ⼯е˺ˮһϡ
ˮҾɣս˵㿴ΣѾߵԶˮ˵
ʱ˵Ļ˶Ǵһ
˵ɽ׶ڿʹԲ֪ɽʲôݣôǰ˵Ļ𣿡ˮҲûˣ˵ѾǰƤ̺
ҶʶɣҲͲˡˮЦ˵һ䡣
˫ô˵߾أĳЩ˿ǲ㼱ˣüΣרܰǡǰס˫Ц
¸¥ǰסݺӣħŵֻǴк΢Цſˮ


1067 Լսϣӵ˫
ˮΧŮˣúܶ˿ֶۣ޲Լˮȡˣ˿ŶִǸоˮߵŮ˺ۣܶܶǰʵûаѶԷôŮ˳ߣһʱоԷѾԿ
ɽûбҪ֪ҿԴɽ֪Ҳҽҵ˵ٴδ
ˮ֪㲻Ϊ˵ˣǱڤҵС㣬˾վһ̿ʼѾ޷ˡ
ðҿԽܣֻںæɣԶַгڴһ㿴ΣˮЦ˵
ˮĻһЦãһΪԶַڴһ
ˮ˵Ļ˵ģֻѾ˵ģˮӦĻôʱصˮһֲĵĹ涨
˴뿪ˣϲǶôĺÿΪˮϵЦݾͺܲһֽ鶼ץеĸо
ϲԼĸоϲĸоһξ޴սͻƣϵɽĵλ
ˮħŵ˴кʹһŮ˺СѾõȥΧѾˮεַ²˾Ź
˫ʵӺܿ죬ϧûдﵽۣҲͲôһ㣬ҲǵˮԭݺǰʵҪ˾ٶˡ
ˮˣĵطһʵͶһֱϣˮֱӴ˫һ뿪
Ҳͳȥ޵ʱ䣬ʲôΧҲţοŮҲߣеǿ
ˮ˫ĹϵˮǰѵԼŮˣ˫Ҳû޸ˣһŮ֮£ʹûɣҲֻǲһ屻׹ֻؼʱ̿־ƿˮ
ˮ֪ԭ򣬵û˵ĻԼ˵ģ˵ĻҲû˼ˮҲûǸ뷨ÿ˶ܣԼγǡ
һΰģ壬Ǳߵ޵ݣˮֻռһıˣйһε飬֣оҪһЩʱ䡣
˳ˣҩʥ˫ʼʵҲǴˮΪ׼һЩҩʲôġ
˫ʱʵǾ綼٣ȴû뵽ʱԼȻͻƵۣ۵ʵҲͻͽôࡣ
һж˴ģеİȴǹƺӡۼˣһУ龰Ŀ
Լ׷ԼȨֻҪܴԼ׷ԼǴӦԼʱ䣬ͼ޸
ʱ͹ˣûбԼ˵ԼĸԸĴӦŮˣԼ˵ˣҲΪԼɱˡ
һɽܱѩأôһĻɽɽ֮ûһ˿ѩԽԵù徲
ǿϢУڰǿҲ𣬵ڰǶڣֵĸоҲڽĻָһϵϢҲڲ֪ķһ˿΢ı仯
ˮҲˡ˫ĵˮе㼤˵š
ǣС˫ԺҪưݵģССʲôˮ˵ЦĹάһ䣬˫ŮͼϵŮӣͻҲֻ⡣
ˮǲҪȥݣ˫ֱӴˮ˼
ҪȥҶҪȥˮ˫ס˫Ц
ˮڻܶ࣬ȥǱߵϣˡ˫ˮ˫һ˵㺣ˮҲ֪ʲô
˫ӦңԺҪȥĻ˵һĺõ㡣ˮɿ˫ס
ĺŵζˮ̲סӣ㣡
ʲô㣿˫ִˮļʵֻһʳ͵ͷǰʵĿ죬Ѿ֪˵ʲôˡ
ҵ˫㣬ҳһڰɣˮЦ
ôԣ˫ӿ죬ҲǼˮҲԭȻʹôһ䡣
ˮһ㶣ѪҺӿ죬һ۾˵˫˵𣬺û
˵ʱˮ־Ѿǰķͦˮǰ׹ԹģֻǺþǰˡ
Ҷ˫ϾǸӣʱ˫ֽıסˮĲӾ
ҲҶﶯҶˮҧǾӨĶ
˫ߵûҲ˵ֻǽıˮȵԼǰĺӿ졢Ҳӿ죬ֻȴԽԽį
ΪԼ֪ԼԽԽѹڲܸ˵
𣿡˫ץסˮ·ּ
ûУԶҪҳڰɣˮǺϼܲ˵
Ǹ쵰룬ˣǻȥɣ㿴춼ˡ˫ˮһ˵
ˮҲֻ˵˵Ϊˮһ죬¶ûнԼŮˣҲһһԼ˵ġ
ٴʩչлصһ֪ʲô£ֻݺرľȣֻһʱ˫仯̫ˣ޷ܡ
ݽ㣬ߣ֪˵ʲôһˡˮ˴кʹݺ뿪лʹΡ
һλǰĵطɫѾҰûжʱˣһỹҪȥɾʥʱ䲢ȻˮͲôˡ
ʱ̣ȴݺӵʵһأźܴĺôģϾʵӶپӶ١
ˮҲȷеȷݺӵʵǿݺӵİٻرĺ棬Ȼôǿ֪ݺǺİٻ֮壬ٻ˵һǧ
ⵤҩ̫ǿˣллˮݺӿĵץˮ֣˵Ĺϵһ֮ʱٴγΪ˵Ĺϵ
ǰˮ˵ݺӸԼоʱƺⲻ㣬ݺӲҪʩĸ飬ԲŻᵼʶĺ磬һֱʮʱ䣬ȴֻǺ֪
ݽ㣬ĹǲԾΪˮʵ
ǿĹǾ񹥻˵Ǻһġݺӿűˮŵһ˵ĸо
ݽ㣬ǵڰǵЩ𣿡ˮɽߡ
һӶǣĶÿҶŰǵЩ˯ûԶزǰˡݺӿԶŮö
ˮһֻһԾľһݺǰ˵ټ޸ˣôʲôҲԼѾ˺üŮˣǵԼ


1068 ԶַĴſȥ
ݽ㣬ˮоһǺܺ𣬵ˣݽһ⣬֪ڻûʸȡݽ㡣ˮͣ˵
һεݺ̲סһһϵļ¶ʹˮ֣ڰǣסҵһ˲䣬ûˣԺʲôӣҲաҲգҵԶǸˡ

ˮݺӻصɽ˺ȻܶŮ˶ǴУϾԵеҡ
һҶҲУһ񣬼ŮڣˮʹҴк˫Ҳʹ˵һʱľ
ʵ˫оյĵ˱ʥݣֻ·;һ£ˮһ£Ϊ֮䣬ݺ֮䰲ȫԻ٣ݺͱʥ֮䣬̫Σˡ
һڱʥɽˮһȻΪرǿ󣬵Ҳ۷壬ҲǿˣЩ۵ĴڲôģҲûʲô鷢
һɻµįӱ͵ĮҲܵ䣬Ըųˣֻ龰ᱻ˵ϡ
˫˺ܶåвͼߣϾЩȫ֮Ҳ˫֣ⱻл˭Ҳûе£˫Ҳûе¡
ͣͣ£ҲΪվһμүϣһʼҲǹؾأύ˫ᡣ
̨ҵĴ٣Ǽţ̸̨һǿļ壬̨ʮ;Ѿǳۣڼͳ˵Ǽǿһп̨ܽҡ
̨˫һµʱ䣬û˵Ĺϵһ֣Ҳ˵һֵ̨˵һ޴սǸоǰЩŮ˾Ǻ쳾׷ۡ
̨վ޵ģһǺ׵õԼҪģ֮ӣ츳ڣͽ̫ˣҪʲôҲֻһ仰˵
׷˫ֻ˫˫һֶɫһֶʵȰ֮ײŻԽõҲϧǴ˵
µʱ̨ûˣ䲻˫ֵʱ򣬱Ͷз֮ĵ˫֣Ժɵĳ
˫̨ʵ٣ҲûһĻ֮˫Ľ貽Ҳ棬䲻̨⡣
̨Ҳû뵽˫ϵĶɱ֣ʹܿҪҲܵһ˿ˣ˫˳ȥ
̨ĶҲСǼ˹ά飬ԸѰ˫ԼĽᣬ˫ֱЩӵͱĥûˡ
Ҳ֪кñ쿪̨ۣⶼûж֣ͽ춯֣ҿҪɹʱݺӡ
Ȼˮ֪˫û£ͺ£Ͼʱ˫ʵ̫ں˲٣˫ʵѾǸ̨ɱһֻϣʵѾͬһˡ
ݺ뿪ǰʥݣû뵽ȴ鷢̧ͷǳЦݺӣοм˫ٳʲô飬ˮ鶼ˣǸ̨Ѿˮסˡ
˫Ǹ̨ʰҵŮҲҴ⣬ǲˡˮ˵Ҳ
Ѿݽˡ˫С˵
ˣˮɻʵ
ûУǲˡݺС˵

ˮݺС˵Ļ嶼̲סһݺЦ˵Ҫ£ʲôҶ㶯ֵġ
˵ݺҲѸˣ仰ܴˮǼӿ죬仰ԣˮʲôС
ҲҲǶˮһֱףˮ˵һݺӸɬĻͺʹҴкԼ
ҪɾȻҲΣˮԼŮȣϾ˶࣬صĸҲࡣ
ɾ
ˮֲɾǿû˵ûܵ˿Ӱ죬ĸ׳ϧ̫Сˣˮ޷֮ھ޾ӾЧ
ˮܶ඼Ǵﵽƿϧ޷ͻƣҲرĻţҲûãʱͷȵˮɵʱһоͻӭж⡣

һŲ¹ȥˣԶַӡֻ첻ʱˣԽԽˣƺӣⳡ൱׳ۣ˺ǿɽҰ
ʱˮҲǰʨˣȻ˲ʮˣʨѱɣʮҲһǿʵϾʮÿһǿޱȵߣÿһƽֻޣһɶôǿʵ
ʨ뵱괹һҶҵѱطⲻ˵ʨѱ޷һҶңҲǸиسӦϣԼѱ֮ʨҵĹӸһҶע⣬һҶѱؼҲҪʨС
ﵽʵˮҲ޷ӦԷȷеʵ˵ˮʶǿҲǶԷĹҲǶԷϴһЩεֿʶ̽Ķ
ˮЩ˼ԶַԶǸһҶԸ裬ҲǸһС
һʱ䣬ˮڸŮϣԼ󡢾Źжȹģʵ٣ԶַеΣ̫ˣֻҪ޺Ȼ籩ҪһЩ˵Ĳͼ
һҶͷˮ޺ͷǣԶַˮһҲ̫ģŮһʵҲǲСġ

ɽͷλãҲɽͷǰһ׵ţҩʥؽһֻ˺ֻܶ࣬ضʱſ
ԶַĿҩʥԶַŷӡʧܲܽȥҪԼʵ
ųֵʱѾɧ
Զַųˣ
֪жܽ
ϣ𼶱ܽ
ΰɣ
˭ȥԿܲܽȥ

ˮͼŮûԶַĴſνСˣǰףһ״СֻûȥԽȥ
ˮܸܵϵڻļѹųӿȥȻΧģ˶ڶȦš
ʱڿնڿն˲䣬мʮӰȺķѸٵŷȥ
һʮȫȥŸŽȥҵģÿϰǰǰԶַȥ
أ
˱˻߻صģˮʱӦȥˣһ۷߽ȥʾ⼸ŮС׼á
ǰ弶ߡ
ˮżŮɫǵͷԶַŷȥ


1069 Զַﲻع
ˮͼŮСֻ֣ٶԿһ㣬ԽԽܸܵϵųų˵ʲô
˲˵м伷һˮʶһֱĹ۲Χȥ˲䣬СֺͼŮҲߣֱʱѸٵĴΧԶѾкܶӰŸԶȥ
һޱߵĵطµҲе̵ζԶɽһͷȻûعĴڡ
ҩʥصʱҲûعƣԶַͬҲûعƣˮ˵֪Ǻ»ǻ¡
ˮľ޺ǿԺعģڶӦòϵʵõֻǿĹǾ
ˮֲõԤףǾһ˶Լ֣ûعĻսʤԼӦûһЩϵ¼ˣԼӦҪϺܶࡣ
ˮĿڣиĿйԽİһЩȻתһҶ裬ͷˮӦúܿ°ɡ
һ徲ĵطˮһҶгͷˮޣһǵصɢҩʥֻͷҲѷɫʲô
һҶҲǴģݺŮ϶ûгǧǵʵһֱûдع
ﲢûиܵʧعȴͻȻͷˮϵĿֲϢֲĿɿڴ
ˮҲһǿģڵԼͷˮҲֻܵķݡ
裬סǲҪֿΣվ󷨣УֻܿԼˮ˵仰Ҳԭġ
Ժ뿪ݺﻹҪǵģҵ㱾ھ󷨺;ŹֻҪѧˣԱӦû⣬ŮʵҲǺǿҪǽͻͽ
֪ģҲҪСģֻϣúõģʲôǶܵȵüһҶ赣ĵ˵뵽ˮ˵ҪʨЩ˶֡
Զַһµʱ䣬סʱһҪСһǣʱ벻̫Զܸܵǵλáˮ˵
һҶҪ˵ʲôȴû˵ڣˮǰ
ҲҪ
˵ֱ˹סˮ
ѾͷǿޣҲʱˣԿԳѱޣҪСˮĵıܸܵŮı仯ΪĸԭĸľͲôµˮһҶĸнչ˵ѾȷϵˮƺصǰĸŮһ
֪ĵһ§ˮĲӵ˵
ˮһһӵҲǣСӵС֣ͺһչһǡ
ˮ磬ģֻҪһžͲһ˳¡Զ
һЩ絤ԭԼãֻҪˮˣǾУˮÿ˶˲٣Ƕǣ÷ʱҪСģֹ÷ʱ͵Ϯ
һЩԹ׼ͷ㣬ٶȲ죬ƺѴ򵹶ԷϣһСԼˣˮֻһЩķ콵ҲǾģַǱеģʱҲϰ÷ϾҲһǿɱС
Զַһµʱ䣬һµʱпĽһµʱͳˣֻܵһοԶַʥزһҩʥй̶ʱ俪һΣԶַɽɽĻôֻһΣԺܶԶַֻһΡ
ˮŮԼСְڰ֣Ҫ뿪ʱħŵ˹˲Ҳжʮˣħˮ뵽ںͱɣӦöˣֻûпǻûиϵ
˼ң
ˮ΢Цӭħˡ
ʱˮ֪ħ˺ǿûعʵһǿˮ֪ɱԼ˲࣬Ӧò١
ϾʮǵʵֻܷǧǣһЩСҲǵ£һҰһˮе
ˮ֪ﵽʵһ㶼Լĵ̣عĶȻݣôһЩعı
ʮǵʵˮҲֻһǰǵǵˡ
ħŵˮ϶Լǿ٣սһ䡣
ˮҪСģﲻ档ħ֪ˮԼĻֻһ¡
Ҷ˼ҲҪСһ㣬ɵĻϣ˼չһǡˮЦ˵
Ҿ֪һǷֿͷˮڣû˸ǵġ˿ͷˮҲһĽ
ˮЦЦû˵ʲôǰֻǿ˾ḻкܱȲãҲ˵һ¡
˻ӻ֣ˮгԶȥ֮ů紺ˮоԶַӦǴ½ĳһλãһֱǰߵ
֮ɫһһܲĸоһɵѹ֣ʵûбѹǿ
ˮǺѹģѹֱʵӰʵķӣֱһ˵ʵȴܵѹʵʧӲһɣֱ޷֣ʵڡ
ˮ뵽ԼĴ֮ҲѹĹֻڲСɾ磬ԸԼʵǿûʲôá
ԶַɽˮԶŶѨԶԶż̳
漸ִںټ׬ˣȻҲпǷϵģΪÿԶַĴŲֹһ˵õ㷢һԶʱʵǱ˹˹ģˡ
У
ˮֱһУҪǰ棬ԶַеĺöпΪ˭Ҳܿ϶Զַǵһοʱƣܶ˶ѡ񲻻ȥ̫
һкˮûٴǰʮﷴûǰôֻѹǿˣˮǿԺѹѹӰ죬ܸܵѹĴڡ
ܺãϧΧܶɽ֣Բһ۾ܿûԶԶż̳ˮתһת˳㿴˵ٶȡ
һѰңˮͷˣޱߣһСС̳Ѩʲôģôң
ʶ
ˮϣЩǿǿػѰԻһ㣬ͻȻһǿҵѹ֣һΣյĸо
Ź
ˮƿ
ԣ
ֻһ״ִǰվλá
ˮ
ҿʲôˡˮ̧ͷգ̲סһ䣬Ȼܲȴûһ׵ľһһԼվλá
ȻĿ£
ԣ
ֻһԶһɽϣΪ̫Զֻܿһ㣬ˮԶĴɽȥ
ԡ


1070 ɽף޵Ľǿ
޴СҲˮ״ϸһɫס
ϵǰˮһ޴ɽɫƺûû˵ɽϣ涼Ѿīʯ档
ʯ
ˮʯںڷǾʱ״ģʯ൱ǿģһЩãײпԽͶԷĸ֪ȡ
ֻûȥȡЩӲޱȵʯˮվԶĴըɢףֿźöòĸоǺƵġ
ʯôܹ㣬ϧòֻòпֲƻû˭ֵܵס
ˮҪ뿪ʱɾ޵ʶ˹Ҫһɻ󣬲ܿ뵽ʲô
ˮ޷˳ʶҪʲôõȴĿɿڴΪ˵ҪһЩף壬ʵ
ˮͷȻиףҹжҲ׻׻ʲôģڿӦúǿֻײͬ죬Լ޺ػһҲȥ׵֮
ˮѯʣܿˮ͵õһЩ޸˽⡣
ڱҲǶһʵ׻֮ʵѾӽǧǣʵ׵ֱӾͻɢޡ
һģˮǡɽȥɳףһˮͰֵ״ϡ
еľͲҽжûг֣޴׷·ֱ޵壬ֻǺܿͿһ׻
磬޵ɫ׵˸¸ϵķ⣬ؼ䣬Ͼ޴׵ӣһֻһд
ϵĻϣеĻʧеĻᷢž֮޲ûȥɽĵشֻڱԵش
ˮޱȵĿﲻϵĴڵĿռ䲢ûûޣ֮ǰƺһ֣Ҳʵһ֣ɫƺӨӨ
һҲǺĵشǽͶͲ澰ڴ˵Ҳǿ̾һഹһʯϧûȡĵ
һЩϵޣЩϵ֮ɻᱻʣ޿ڷгϵеߣ㲻ȫ׵磬ܵ׵繥Բһɡ
ǿ壬˵׾Һһ㣬ÿֻֻһĻᣬһ޳󶼻ȥѰףΪֻо޲ޡ
һ޾ǱɰǧһҲǲˣдм䣬мָǳȥ׵ĵط塣
Ҳ޵컯Ͼ׳ֵĵطҲʱʱ̿׳ֵģʮϰһҲִףȷʵˬЩҲˮʶ֪ġ
ˮ޵ı仯ҲڴǿþģԿսʵԼǿޱȵĴڡ
һʱȥˣ
ˮܿģΪʱԽԽãһҲֻаӵʱ䣬࣬ΪһѾǲˣǲˣûô׿ա
޵նٵײȷоǲֻף״壬Ȼ״޲ࡣ
ˮ֪Լһ׬ˣֻ׬پͲˣҪȻῴ޵ı仯
һԶַһŪ˸ź죬һиպɽ
ԣ
һ·һըһϹ˸ƻãһǿѹɢӰһдܳ˲ˮߣһڻԾĸо
ûʶˮǸڵʵԭǶһ㣬ֱ쭵˰˰ǡ
ʱʱ䣬޵ı仯Ȼµ׶˵ɵҩֻһʵ˽
ˮ̲סͨȥ
׻壺޵Ķе߱ʵģתܵмʽԷסͬʱԵԷй
ˮһ󷢴ͽ֮һˣҺͽıʵҲһһε״ͽվɽ֮ѪѲࡣ
Զַʱʱ䣬ˮջ˵ֵˣԺʲôҲûеõԶַһҲֵˡ
׻ͨڵ׵֮Ĺ벻óһǧףд΢Ч١ӦЧۼӡ
ֻǾ˽һǹд΢Ч١ӦЧۼӣ΢ӦԣˮоǰӦЧҪǿһ㣬Ҳǿ̫࣬ϾЧǿۼӵġ
׻ǿĵǿ׻֣ʵĹٷְԶԷʱͶԷʵйϵÿʮʱʹΡ
׻ʱƽʱÿʮʱʹΣˮеɻɻÿʱʹһΣʮʱпʱʩչΣʹá
ܹؼˮһԣܵ˵Ǻܸ˵ģ˵൱ĸˣɾ׻Ч͸ǿˣˮѾдˣֻǻȷѡ
׵ڷгӵ⼫ǿʹ׵˲Լ߳ƣָƵٶȼӿʮʱʱÿʹ֮Ҫһʱ
ûб仯ˮҲǶô⣬Ͼ׵ѾǿˣǿҲ˵ȥˣʱˮܿģΪµս֡
׼ףսףԵɵ;񹥻
ˮеզ࣬ڿϵȷǳǿս׼ǳˣ׻ɵĵԷһ˺
޵ǿѾԷӳ޴ЧˣҪǿƣסˣ³ֻһ
ǿһΧһļöԷԣ
ˮЦˣ׻Ȼǿ󣬵ǸҪס֣ɵ˺ʵйϵûҲʹã츳սڵǲͬʱõģաѻ߽ǿս
дȻ׿£ɽնǺģмЩɫ׵磬ɽҲʯͷȻס׵󣬸Ϊڵʯ
ˮĿһսս
սõ屶ٶȣ
֮ˮعԼǰޣõʱСֻһ״СڱҲСʲôˣɫرĸ߹
޵ٶѾԶԶ˻ͽˮڷԼתǰǻ񣬺ǽӦˡ


1071 ʨߣ޵ǿ
ˮ޽ܲȡЩʯźĵشȥԵʯҲƻ޷õ
뵽Ǹʮʱε׻ˮʹһ£ǲǿʹΣʱʹһΡ
ܼ򵥣ˮֱʹ׻˳ʹóһε׻ۿɼһɫ׹⣬൱Ѥǰ𺳺ܶࡣ
ˮˣҪ֪ʹ׻ֻʹһҪǿ̫࣬ɾʮʱֻʹһҲܱɺ̵ܶʱʹһΣһαʱһεĻʵûʲô̫ˡ
ʹκˮٽʹãѾ޷ʹãҪʹþҪʮʱ֮ˣ׻ҲʩչΣˮڵ׻ǰǿˡ
ûüʩչ׼׺ͻ׿󷽣ΪﴫϢʶǿ
ˮˣҲû˵ʲôź濴ȥԶѾӰ֣е⣬Ǻ⣬ʮʱˡ
ˮֱޣӰһʩչŹʧԭأڲԶһɽʯ棬Ҫ˭ô̵ʱڸ˹ãЩʲô
ߣһˮһ
ʨ룡
ʨЩеǳŵҲһ֣ͲǺܴ󣬴ҲʮףսҲǺǿΨڣٶȺһ
սޣʹ۷Ҳ򲻹׷ǵȴǺ٣Ҳһεƽɡ
ʨƷǶѱʦĶѱһֻΪĶսޡ
ˮǰΪʨ˻ȫһ֪ӦҲɢˣǴģⲻջԼ
ŽԶַĵһʨ֣ˮܸое㲻Ծ˳֣ôӦû˳֡
ǿף塢ǿʯȡһЩʯǾѾһˡмǸ߿ɽϣ˵Ŀ࣬ʨڣŨüۣϵƺǿͷҲڵģһ˿̬ˮ֪Ǹˡ
ĸ磬ҲֻܿˣǰûȡһʯҪһҲϧ˵
θߣֻûм߿࣬һ絶ƻ˫ɭ۾˿һ۾ǡ
磬ǸսȥʱǵǼŮ𣿡Ǹȴܺм߱ȿ˿ˡ
Ǽ
Ǵͷˮ޵ǼŮޡ˵
⼸˵˵ˮһҺԼû뿪㶯֣Ҫˡ
Ŷһ˵ҵӡôˣѶԷͷˮмǸɻ˵
ﻹһݵͼʥ޵ֻҪƷǻͷˮ޾ܰ޾ʨҲǶĴڡԽ˵Խ
һѱֻܰɱɱѱֻѱ޻ѣѱɱֻ޵ˣѱĿܾ͸͡
Ŷʥ޵ǿԣƷͷˮƺеѶȡü˵
ԷȻͷˮޣôǼӦʵҲǲеǿ
Ů޲ǿѱͷˮһԭģţĸ磬ͻȻоǸŮ޺һ˳ĺȻɴǷϺʹȴû˿仯
ţôһ˵ҲˣҪǸˣֵ÷зǴ
£ôȥˣǲǣǶҪвɱҡУһҶҵһ˫Ů˳ȥģԿҪϱˡüͷһᴨǵ˵
ĸҲҪ̫ģֻҪһҶҲľûκϣӳȥһ˫ŮģѱһֻͷˮҲܸıնҪӳȥһ˫ŮģǽԼпܳģʨв
ˮһȻǣȴЦҲ湻ùģܳȥһҶһҶȻģһҶŮģѾˣĵǿܿҪų貵Ĺâ
ˮǲ˽鴫ʨ߲Ϊĵԭ򣬶ʨûз׷鵱һҶӳȥˡ
ˮһö㶾꺮飬ԸǰˮûĶԸǣοǶǿѱʦ
ˮ޵ǿǰнɾȻʹ׻ɾһʱһʱ䣬ʱ䣬޵׻ʹá
Զַûعˮе㱻ˮȷеĸܶԷǸʵӦñԼ˿ѷɫҪһ㣬ʵ߲һɱ͸ߣʵʲô£ʤֶΡսкܴĹϵ
ޣ
ˮҲûбҪˣֱг޳ڼǰͬһʱһ޺𣬾յһըһ
һʮ״ɫһѸٵķˣٶرĿ죬һһϹڵģļµϹ
׻
׻˲һĺĸ߸ϣҲԷھ״̬Ȼ׻һҲʵǿ
ˮʱֵıǽһӣ
شӡ
ʱˮȥʲôʵһӰѶԷãڳȥ˲䣬Ѿʹó
شӡҪǷ˵ĺ·
һжǷһ˲䣬мӰһҪˮشӡʱˮһеĴ㶾꺮һһȥڿлһ貺ڵĻߡ
׻׻
ʱٴηε׻ˮѾ߸ϵľѾȥȻûֱ˭߸߻ǱɨұֱۣһӰӶˡ
ȴûյ˿Ӱ죬Ѹٵ޳ȥˮе㵣ģ뵽޵սͷˡ
ٶȿӦú٣ԲǺܵģ
𡭡
ͻȻԳֻ޴ޣˮûüʲôޣΪоԼΧҲһ
ˮҴ⣬ҲеţѸٵг
շħ
֮
һȦĽ⻷ƣˮĻ֮ʱҲǱȥһӾʮĿ꣬ͻȻֵսʨҲǴ󺧣Ͼ˲ʵ࣬Ź֡
ˮһޣݵţϹ⻷ƣ׻ϵΧ޻ߵϡ
ˮںЦڵŽпֲǿޣȻֻ޺ǿߣȻеæµ֪ܿӦϾǵһս


1072 ɱʨӡ޵Ķ׻
֮
ˮǿѹܱȥѾѹܴˣ߶ǻٵܵѹӰ죬ˮѹûӰ죬ڶԷЧǲġ
һ죡
ˮеıǽʹ̶뻹ϰףһСԾʮף⴦͵Ĵܳһ޴ɫԼĻд
ƣ
СȴϸĻһֱߴͷֲԻǴ˵еͷɢƥϬ
ԣ
žž
޵ǺֲܿģȻǸ塱ܿҪΪԣжܵӰ죬սһŬıܿҪǱм򣬵ɳȥ
ұ۷ˣԺĸǺܴģҪж͸ֱ֪ܵӰ죬ΪľԷ֪ȶ½
ˮϵһֻ۰еĻ˹ļֻ޳ȥЩ޴󲿷ϲ̨棬Ҳ赲£ܿ챻ˮĻ޳Ĳҽиһֱֻӱͷ

޵Ӱӳͼֻ޵İΧ׻ϵǸΪϣߴԼ޶ǻס岻ԶºһѶԷ
ϧǴ۾ֻ޵ٶͬȣǳһһֻΪֻޱԱԴ
޵ٶ죬ҲǺǿȻ֪жǿлиµԭǾɾĻյ
յ޵׻׻ȶǿһǳǿˣƺھֿҲǴӡ
ʵڱ޹ʱʨ߶ó˻ߴ˵ĻһֻʨǱ;ţ
ֻƾʶӦߴ˵ĺʨõģֻƺҲ֮Ӧÿ߲ٵĿԺٶȡ
̤
һֱˮĽһΧļ̤һʱʯ׷ףһƬңԽڵƻˣΧʮֻ޻евġ
ѣΣ
ˮϲǣʱϵʹֱӰֻѣ޵Դ
ΪֱӽеסֻǸ׷ɱޣˮʱƽó塣
ҪսپоǳԾ壬ԾѸٵҡеľ塣
̶ҵĴһֻǽֱӽߵͭţþ޴ļ˺ˣ˲ˡ
ʱʨǸѾܽӽˣͻȻеһһһӣһ޴İӰ񻺻γɡ
ϵıӰҲǷ֨֨Ľ̶֮Ľ޴İӰԽԽʵҲԽԽ
һ
һпȴǺܿ죬ʱͣʹ׻ͬʱϵϹǿҡ
ˮǾ޴İѹµʱһҪлȥԮʱߴеĴһӡ
ʨӡ
һֻ޴ĺɫʨӰİˮȥ
ˮҪ׼ʹʱ޵Ӧ

޴ӰϵǿѹǸ޵ж㣬޷㿪ֻȫʩչ׼׳һ׼׺׻ܵ˺һ룬޻ǷһصĺУ޴ĿѪֱӵɳȥ
һˮоԼһۣϾˮСޣǰСĳﱻ˴ÿѪҲܡܷŭ
ۣ
ˮŭˣ
޴ķҪѲԼĸߴ˽еĻڷ۵²Ǿ޴ʨӡ
ۡ
ڷ۵£ˮҪʤһЩӵĵģԼһƿҲûˣʵͱﻹҪ
ˮȻںǸߴսҲû뿪޵Ӱ
޷ɳȥİϾ貵Ϲ⣬ˮ̤ʵˣΪ׵
׵ڷгӵ⼫ǿʹ׵˲Լ߳ƣָƵٶȼӿʮʱʱÿʹ֮Ҫһʱ
׻
ްӰһšȥ׻óǱ޷ǿսһǰٷְԶֻ֣ԵʱͶԷʵйϵ
ܿԴ˼򣬾һ˲䣬޵ĵڶ׻һƺ죬ĿǡԴ
屻һ׻ԣŵڶ׻ϮߵǣֵĿȷʵһܶ
ۣ
ԴԶĵط֮һΪԣֿҲ׻Ŀ£׻ʹõĿ֮ҲΪʲôǰˮôǲǿʹõԭ
о֮ǰ޲ͣ׻ѵΪ׻
ûԴҩҲûãοҩҲֻ󲻳һҵʱ䣬Ҳûͷܱʬȡ
ͻȻɱֱսݵľֹʣµʨ߸޷ǰʵΪ鷢ޱ֮󣬵գ۹֮˵˲ɱˡ
ͻˮҲ൱ľȣȻ뵽˻൱𾪣ΪЩʩչģ֪һЩսʱƺͨˮǼˡ

һһֻޣֻǰӰ죬ʮֻڻʣֻ
塱ϵһֻ첲һʱָ̻ˣʨѾʧһ룬ѱʧӲأʣֻԱȽǿޣҲûʲôвϾͷǺͷˮǿĴڡ
˭Ϊʲôʨ֣ѵ㲻ʨ㱨𣿡ߴˮ
Ѿһһ˵ʹסԺͣо𣿡ˮ΢Ц˵
ʨûһĺøУݼڣҲڼڣˮ֪һҶʨ鿪ʼͺδıĴɡ
˵ء
ߴ˵仰ʱͻȻӰһʨһ߿ˮģĽʵһ㣬ͬʱеĴӣѸһڵʨӡһеڴҲˮ˵ǿʵڵϣֻһ˵ľȽǰһֱоþˮȽף֪ˡ
˵ġթˮ¶мЦݣǽֱһֱ۴ֵĻų˳ȥ֮ըһ㡣
ˮ͸ߴ˽֮͵źġ塱ȥٶȿݣ׻ٴβͣʹ
ߴ˿޵Ӱš塱ȥһͻҪȥˮôԸ
ۣ


1073 ɱͼʥ޵
ˮŸߴʹ˷ۣͬʱŹǬߵʹֱ˵λתŹٴ̤Ŀǡ塱
Ȼߴ˷Ӧ죬黹ǻôһʱʧ񣬸ֹ˲ܾ
·еˮסһö꺮飬м
ˮȵľʱ䣬еıǽһӣشӡֱӽ塱סҲһһ塱ס
һֻ۰򱻷ϣôʱ׻ĺһסˣǾֻһ
塱˵嶼ľ״̬ˣڡ塱ޱȵĿ±ûһжˮҲ·
һסûܵıעǱҵģʣµֻеһֻˮľŵĵľֻΪ塱ˣڿ塱ֱܡ
սһӱòתֻʣ¸ߴˣˮ˵ת֪ԷѾսˮǲܵġ
Źģ
壡
ó֮ǰˮųиѪصĿйԽϣˮĶһֻѸٳ֣ûκι˼ɣֻޱߵŭ
ȥɣʨն
޴ս·һԼԼĳһֻ͵ĺʨӣɢʴĿļµĺɫһˮ
һΧضΪ֮һǿĽڵˮоܵ˺ܴӰ졣
Ȼɽ
߻µȥǺܵģΪڻ״̬йԽѾ塣
ԣ
ɫʨնˮϣһɫĹεˮǱ˳ȥȴʹıסԴ
йԽϴޱȣɱΣֻҪЧľ빥ԷʧֵĻᣬǶԷĽղ߶ԷľµɱйԽϡ
ˮֿס˿йԽϵĽҲǸʱշΪͼиѪصĿҪڵĿйԽϵǿʱɱȵġ
ҺܿˣߴˣҲǡġ˵ϣˮߵջ˿йԽϣˣˮɣоԽĸоԼɱﵺá
ͷڵޣ廹׵״̬£ָﵽƽʱʮ֮࣬ˮޣ׻Ķʹÿ԰ʨһɱ
ǴģҲһʵʵΨʵʵΪĴ½ûʵʲôǡ
˵Ŀռбֽ˵ʬû𡰻𻯡ڴ½߾Ҫ׼
һˮֱʩչ뿪֪˵Էܿͻֻ֪ʲôҲû£Ҳֻ֪ˣôӦú֪ԶַԾ͸ȷôġ
ˮߺûãͳʮˣоʨˣмˣΪ׵һˣͬߴ࣬뷢ףһȴɢһϢ
й򶷵ϢУġ塢пѾˡ
վǰ򶷵мĿ˵еͳоԵľ񲨶
磬ôܣһѵԶˣûаһ𾪵Ŀˡ
ʮǱɱġ˵ʱһ˫Զ
ʲôô̵ʱɱĸ硢硢ԼʮֻǿޣѵǺܶˡ
ǶˣӦòˣʮȥ֪ͨϴҪСģ˶ʨ֡̾˵
ʱﻹ߸ʨˣѾˣЩ˲ǺʨһֻǰˣǸʮҲ뿪ˡ
ߣ¸ǲܷʲôڿն
ֻǲ֪ˮѾʮ֮ˡ
磡
ˮһ͸ܵǿҵ磬е谵·ĩһΧ·Ҫһ
ѹǿ󣬻ˮԺѹȻжܵӰ죬ϹǿʻߺȻԭ򣬾Χ˵ҲûʲôӰ졣
ԶַвֻԶ޿£ǴȻֺЩǿֹûмûм粽С
ˮʶΧûΣպֱӽɾ
ÿ춼ҪɾȹʱڿʱҲˣٴʩչһ¾кͷ˻
ǰһξкһȺɽһֻСɽһСۼ׵ľ޴ޣˮԥķ˻ȥ
ʢĵطȻɾϢ˳㿴ռ
ʵˮȤǸ˵ĵͼʥ޵ԺʵѱһЩǿޣͷˮǿĴڣڴ
ˮûмŴǸĿռǴˡġĿռĿռ߼ģʵҲǿġ
ռͻΪ֮ֻҪѶԷ澫ӡĨȥԼĨұ˰æ
ˮȻñ˰æ˵ˮľԷ㲻ܳҲа취ĨȥȻܻͼĹЧǺġ
˳ĨµľӡȻУһЦˣռ治߶ʮ״СѾǺǿĿռˣһǧѾǺܴܴˡ
ôĿռһ֧һ¹ȻһѽҡгԵġõġˮ
кܶҩģһЩϡŹֵĶϰ鼮кܶƿƿ޹ޡ
ˮܿģЩÿһǲԼòϣ칬ԼļõϣһЩϡŹֵĶ˵׼ô
ˮһĿϵЩƿƿ޹ޣֱӽó
˪ֹѪɢѪܶ
ϳɢͼʥ޵
ţͼʥ޵ˮһ㶣ȷǸĿռ
Ȼƿͼʥ޵ˮһÿƿֻţһһСһֽ˵
ˮҲˣܵĵҩֻǱֵܲܶ࣬ͼʥ޵Ȼǳǿ󣬾ʨĳʲôģҲУǰˮ˵Ҫõͼʥ޵ȥѱͷˮ޾֪ⶫϡˡ
û뵽ġġȻƿһֱãʵʱʹðɡ
ͼʥ޵ֻʨУڻܲ˲֪ʨֵֻҩҳǿڲ˻߱ˣԭѱǿޣǰ˳ѱ޳ʥ޵


1074 ˵еʥʯ֮ʯ
ͼʥ޵ǿǿ߰¿ԱΪǿߣûǿ߰ͼʥ޵ϾûʲôãΪǿ޿ͼʥ޵ǶҩǳԺѵġ
ˮȴϲĽⶫ̫ˣҲĿǰеģϧֻǵͼʥ޵Ǹ߼Ļ߳Ǵ˵еʥ޵ĻѱޣһһѱӲʵϧֻһԵġ
ˮܿһرĴڣرǿ֮ǿ޵ǿˮʵҲڲϵӡ
ֻʥ޵ѾֵˣΪⶫ̫ˣʨҲ̫࣬ⶫҲƣͨҲֻʹһΣӵǿҲԶѱֻѱ޵ľʵйϵһͨµõٶʥ޵˰Ҳûãʵǿֻǽ
ĵҩûʲôˮϲģЩҩˡⶾʲôĵҲֻЩȥġġ֪һĻ
ĿܲǶˮǿп޵ġ
ͻȻһ龫µɫСӳˮǰرĳ֡
ˮ۾һһУǸʲôɫȻСɿܴ֣˼һֱͨȥ
ʥʯ˵е壬һʯڷԲ֮ԾÿʹʮΡ
ʹ÷Уߣ
ˮһߴ˵񲨶֪ʱӦڿҪҪܣһԽоʹÿйԽǶôǡ
һΰѾǿˣΪˮʶҲûжԶ⻹ˮǿʥʯԾγŷܣԷǺ׷ģҲܵ񼶶ˣΪߣǱҲʹá
öϧǵСˮֻ糤ʯߣ˲ɾеһط档
ˮԼ˾УԺźȻǿоⶫԼʹе˷ѣⶫȻȴǱС
һЩ鼮ˮʥʯĽܣˮе鲻ƴʥʯѾǺܴˣʵ˵ԶɽָϣģΪʹʱҪϡ
ҲΪԭˮᣬȻԷϵĻԷܵĿԻǺܴġ
ʥʯҪǿĶȻ߾Բᵽڻһԭʯ
ʥʯӲޱȣ͸£ڻһͺˮҲ̫ģԼǲǿԶ죬һʥʯһ糤ָǿԶ첻١
һˮͼˣⶫʵõĶʵõĶ֮ڣˣһʮΣҲЧãЧ仵ΪⶫֻҪɹԾʥʯ
ΨһҪĵܲܶɹ
ˮʥʯһʣҲûжˣջѾԶԶڵҲرɡ
ţ֮ʯ
ˮ۾ĴģһȭͷСĹɫʯͷۣܲҲǺޣʱˮʲôҲˡ
ߴ߻ûü죬ûҵʵĶʦˮ֮ʯ̲סЦⶫǺö
֮ʯһɹʣһһЩԣ൱Ķҩ߲ݣ߲ݾ߲ݻҪ󣬵ȻǶԶʦ˵ġ
һȭͷС֮ʯͺ͵ͼʥ޵ļֵӦò¡
ˮûаգоûκˣΨһĵڵĻǲǿڻʥʯ
Լߵ˶ܴһöʥʯָˮ̤ʵˣȻƿĵͼʥ޵ˮĸһƿҰѱһֻǿޡ
ˮ뵽˽㣬õģĶ⨺ǿĴڣԺһâʢһҶ衢ﶼá
˫ˮѱһֻʣƿˮңΪֻڽ뿪ķġ
ˮܿģҲɣȻѸٵĿռֻռеһƿͼʥ޵ˮ֮ռеһҩ֮ûˮĶˣϾеıҩʯ¼Ȼˮ˵ûʲô˼
ƿͼʥ޵һսֵʨĵḻˮоߴһʨ⣬Թı˽ʲôһδŵͼʥ޵ԶַӦǴһЩע⣬һҶͷˮޣûӦҲǴһЩԶ޵Ŀġ
״ָ̬ˮʼʥʯһڻˮˣǿ޷ڻʥʯ
ˮԼʶʲôΪʲôߴʥʯ֮ʯ£ȴûж죬ѵ޷ڻʥʯ
ԼĿؼǿĻ֮ţֱʹóڻЧ½ʩչ۷塣
ʱһĹȥ˵ǰˮйܳʱڻһЩܲڻһһʱ֪ˣҪܳʱ䣬֪ܲܡ
ѾһʱȥˣȴˮƣεˮֱýӰΣٴþûҲٴη
ѾˮĵƣֻҪۻʥʯаն
ûһˮͷðˣĵٹʱмѾʳһξε֪ͦΪʲôʨǸûаɽָ
ⲻò˵ǸźΪˮоԼҪڻʥʯҪһ¶ȡ
εҡҡͷ·ʵУ罫֮Բ磬ͻڣ߳һ컯þ
Ȼ٣ϧ󶼲УΪǲɿƵģʱںͻƣڼˮԼš
޷ˮֻðʣµʱȫͶϣȻҲͶȡ

ˮʱһ쵱һʱ䣬ϵǿص
Ϻܰ˿ֲˮո˵վΧĻҲܽŸ
Ѿǵڶˣû˯ˮתתĻôӣôأǲʲôԵı
һֱ뷨ȻˮתɽɽҵѨһƬںڣˮʵǿҲһš
ɽ٣ŵĶ࣬رʲôĸټƺһʺĵط֪ˮûжҡ
ɫѾ΢΢֪ˮѾڸʱʱ䣬ɾóʣʲôļ򵥵ĳһ¡
ʱûջˮֻҪʩչеʱˮͣʹþпΣֻСɽһۼ׵ޡ


1075 ͼԶѪħţ
ˮԥһ£Ȼ׼űǽʥʯֻҪԿСΧٲпֱʹþ뿪
Χˮһֱǰķ
У
ˮӰʧԭأСĵĳֹһεĵطʱһμֻ޴ȴûˣĻ̲סһ㶡
ҴһãΪǾ޴ԭԻϾûпΧֱʹþз˻ȥʱĿһ¡
ʵξеĵص㲢ȫ׼ȷżҲһЩʮ֮ڣˮѰɽʲôģһʹþеλúʹþеλòһҲģٰʮҲ
ů紺һƬٵľ󣬾ҲޱȣҲûѹֵա
оˮ̲סʶΧķ紵ݶ
ޡҰʲôĻǺܶģвʱķɹһȺֻЩܳΪǰݣֻʳ֮һ
ˮŲæڸ߶ʵڻֻǿۼޣʱҴһãûпСɽһСֲ̫ˣѱߴȥ˫ѱҲֻ룬ܸоԼĶ֡
һϵʱ䣬˭֪ǿܵˮڵʶӲԶģǿֻҪһʱǰǧĳȥˡ
ˮҲֻΪϵļʲǺܴܰΧκεطѵ˵Ҳкܶǿޣһֱ
ˮڸѸٵѰţȻҴһãֻӦԶַеͼԶޣйϵѪ

һֱʱ֣ˮ׼ϢһµʱԶһƵĺͳȴһ
ˮһϲֱķȥ޵ٶޱȣƬ̾Ѿϵĵطˮǰ龰ʱҲһ
Ϊֻ޴СɽһǷֳĴ£ˮƣ޴ްҲҪôĶ
ֻһƷ֣һֻˮ쿴ֻһؼһۼף֫׳綥ӣһž޴ɫԴͷһֻľ޴޽ǡ
ţȴʺۼף׳֫һЩֵĻȦϸԿЩһĹȦˮȷԶޣЩȦԶѪı־ǿ֮⻹һЩ
Ѫħţ
ֻ
Զˮ˽Ҳֻ鼮еļأ½鼮ܶ࣬Ҳʲôܣǰ˵ϹޡϹʲôģ֪ͼƬж治Ͳ֪ˣ˭˵ʵļǾǿЦˡ
ˮһֱ鼮пĴڣȴǳǰˣǾݴ½ϵѾ㹻ˣڲǺܾȷеϲá
ѪħţԶͼĴڣͼĴҲǺֲܿĴڣˮվڲرԶĵطֻ޴޵Ϣֱûعͷˮ޲磬ͷȴҪǿܶࡣ
վԶֻ޴Ҳ飬ʱ䲻̫ʱˮȴڲԶ󷨡
Ź
ˮԼı󷨣˵ǰѾŹеİɱȥˣڵľŹֻһûɱȴŸǿ
ֺʵԶˮɲŹϧͼʥ޵̫ˣּˮû̫Ȥοͼʥ޵ֻĿţҪߵ÷ģͰĿŵͼʥ޵úá
ˮѹûиԼһƿĴ㣬һǰ޳ȷˣֻҪʲô̫⣬ǻȥģв಻һʱ䡣
ֻѪħţڡĥӣˮͷƤе㷢飬֪ǲǸö֡
׻
ˮҲ˲ˣʥʯ;Źٲʩչ·ҲҪɱǣҪֻѪħţŹоͿԡ
ˮ⿴˿ֻѪħţرֻԵģ𿴴ԵĸͷҪСһ㣬ʵƺҪǿһ㡣
衭
ŭĺţţֻѪ˫ˮȴˮ׻۾ͨĿˮҲ֪Ϊʲôħţˡ
صۼϺȻԷѾŭˣȻˮȥˮһϲ޽˾ŹȻеֻѪħţ
ֻǵѪħţǰʮ׵ʱ򣬽µķȦͻȻʢȻˮȵĿͣСĵĶˮ
ҿѪħţԶѪΧΣգԼľŹûɱҪ˵ΣҲеģѵҲԣˮ൱ľȡ
ʵֻѪħţ˽סĻǾˮʧˡ
ڵˮ֪ǸÿĻƣھֻѪħţ˫շĸ׵ˣȥɽֻǿޣԼܽĻãʱѵͼʥ޵ǺʹãҲá
ˮ޳ȥ󷨣Ȼٴʩչ׻ˮг˲սʱҲǰȫġ
ΣѪħţʵ޺ͽҪǿܶ࣬Ժ޺ͽɳӦú׳Ѫħţġ

ֻ΢һѪħţһ𣬾޴ĻϺܿ۳һŻΣˮһת
콵
շħ
֮
һ˲ˮͰЩʩչˣΪܵѪħţĻԼڵĻеһƴֻѪħţǳڣʵҲﵽ۷׶ˡ
ѪĻȼѪǾ군ˣѪħţĿ£ˮ˲

ˮޱѽ𣬱ǽѸһͷСĻҴ⣬ʱ޵׻ҲûֹͣĹš

ˮ״СʺĻˮȥѪͻȻһһĻߣѪĻߣ˲׷ǰľ޴
ˮͷһæӭֻ޴Ļ
ء
һıΧըһƬ״һĺɫӰˮһһѸӭȥ
ڻһ˲䣬סǾ޴ĻֻǻȴڱţεˮֻýԼĻӵ
Σۣ
һסѪħţĽһռϷ磬ʱѸѪħţȥ

һֻ΢Сһ㣬֣ȳƵѪħţ֫һ̤һȦĹ˲佫סһڵ
ˮȻսǿһĻг˾ϲû뵽ֻѪħţһеĻѪֲֻԵѪħţôϾֻԵѪħţҲϣĺġ
˾޴ԴɫѪɫģͻƯرֻ΢СȳƵѪħţ
һеĴˣ


1076 ǿĸľϲ
ֻСһѪħţûнˮֻǶޣˮƣӰھŹ󸽽ôŹС
ˮֻ΢ѪħţţȻˮ޺ʲôģҪάֻͷۣĲ൫Ҳ١
ͬȼʵޱҪ־ãһָĸ죬ڱˮͽˮʵڻͷµҲʤһ
޴󲿷ھһ㣬ȻһЩóġ
ǿ壬Ѫħţʵϱھϸǿ󣬿ϧֻܺˮھϽ
ҲǾأﵽһ̶ȵʱ򣬱ˮڵѪħţȨھ;ǿһ̣ѪħţڳռʵˮҲǿԵġ
ųһʱˮֵʥʯ˾壬Ѹٵҡ
ˮʩչ˾ŹǬתһӺֻѪħţλãͳѪħţھŹſڡ
׻
Ҳʱʩչ׻ˮϵĴ˽֮ˣͨĽ֮ˣѪħţ״̬£һ˲Ҳ㹻ˡ
ء
ͳƺ𴫳ֻͼԶޱ˾ŹУֱʱʣµֻ΢СѪħţŸѤķĹ⻷ˮ
ֻ΢СѪħţͻǺܴģȴˮ֮ˣʵǴﵽһ־ֻ̬ѪħţѾ̬
ûرЧⲻˮϣ״̬µľ񹥻֡
룡
֮ǰˮķҲƶˣھ״̬ҲһޣһˮóǿʹõʵԹ
еѪħţһζʼ䣬ˮĻֱӳǾ޴ԴϣǲɱȻˮһ͵Ϯǵ㣬˫ۡ
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ˮʱֱʹøѸٵĽֻ޴ѪħţסһͷȻˮС
ǰˮʹõʱܰѶԷסУס˲ɱֵʱһ㶼һͷȥ
ǰʹøµġӡϧǸʱ⸿ĳޣʱûгֵ飬ڵڣ޴Ѫħţסһͷʱŷ⸿ôԼľڻŸ
ˣһʹøʹõǾǰǡ
ˮر˷ܣĵ㾫С£ŽӲӵĴִĸȻǿˮ˷ܵĵط
ôõĶǰȻ˷ˣֱСˮŬţֻ⸿Ǿ绹㹻߰ɣֻסһ಻ʱ䣬ͱѣˮٲȥ
߼ǽܻˣҲǻˣȻôһֻѪħţס
ľѾܾûˣ߼ƺһ󿲣ˮһģҲоС
ϾǵһʹãԺʱ䳤ˣ㾳粻ЧҲӲ٣ڶԸѪħţͻ׺ܶࡣ
ؼʱȻָôǿǸ⾪ϲˣŸһɫľҲһɫԽԽҲԽԽȣԽԽǿҡ
޵׻ʱûͣºˣĽǱԵֻҪǿܶѪħţˡ
ǰֵķͼ׵ѣƵˮ޲ϵı任ֻѪħţ³Ѫˮеֵסڵֵӱܣ⻹ǱˮģɼͼԶҲǶôǿ
ˮһھȻʱȥˣѪħţֱӱ׻ŵˣַŵǱԵˣֱ̱ˡ
ˮҪΪʲôҩǾˣˮʱû뷨ֱóơֻԶװ˽ȥǻ˯ġ
ơҲڿռĶһ㶼ѱʦУװ޵ģǻ˯״̬ǻŵģռװô޵ĵҲУֻǲװġ
ˮ˲Ҫƣоͺܶ࣬ΪϢʱҪеġ
ȻһʣµһȻҲռˣռƺܼ򵥣ֻˮ֪Ǹһ޵ϣȱһɡ
ˮҲرĸпû뵽һֱӵĸȻһǿ⵹ʼϲġ
ˮо⸿ֱ޵ĿǣºˣԼͿԸ׼ˣ˱ٺ鷳һеɺɣϾǲǶһ޶ָ֪оʥ޵֮١

СֺͼŮһ·ϵǺɣ̽·ѰʵǿһҶҲΪѱʦֻԴͷˮ޺һûʲôȤ
ͲһˣߵȻͷˮޣҲϵ̫ˣҪ࣬ⲻһʱѱֻޣǺͷǲǿĴڡ
ѱʦǿԼѱ޺һѱǿޣǰǾ㹻ǧҪ͹ҪյʵΪһСľͻȫûѱʦȥѱǾ
ģҲ˵ѱپѱ٣ǴʮѱޣǺֵĻֻһܣǾѱĳһеĻߡ
ѱҲмƻѱѱЩܻҪиޣҪóٶ幥ģҪһЩܿƵޡ
һѱֻޣһֱǽͺޣһΧķ͹óٶȣצӷɵࡣ
һֱ׾ĻɫܣóϵӸأٶȣϿ͵ޡ
ȺСģγˣһ·ϼŮ˵ЦźܿģСںţʱĴ̽ΧĻ

ʮ֮ˮվһֵĵطƺһصģѹҲ粨һѭϢ֪ԶַߵԶĵطӦòˡ
ˮĻʹˣǽΧѹסѹȫӣΪû˿ȫӣͬʵѹˮǿȫӣȫӸһģѹǿһ̶ȻǿѹһеģԵʵǰʲôǲ԰׵ġ
ˮȴǿԶľ޴ɽɽһһصģ֣оڵ۾е㲻ʹ̫ˣΨ޴ɽϡ
һأ
һ֮ˮüͷΪѹԽԽǿһֻôȻֻмأо̤һɽе㲻ܡ
Ȼˣһ°ɣˮ̧ͷǾɽ塣


1077 ڵĻԶ
һɽվˮۿΧһɽƺͺܸߣ̧ͷصһգ뵽νǵϿգǵƸߵԭмأ
ҡҡͷ˸ʲôҲʲô̫˽ܵ飬һ·龰ƺһֱǱž޴İڻǡ
ֹ˵Ǵ˶ڱŰֻеİеİСνСҲԵģ˵ǰĶǿӵһϣܿİֻ˵ÿ˺ࡣ
ϵѹʢˮƺоŸһɽȥҲһʹսһ˦ЩЩʹøӿ֡
˵ܿģࡢϿࡢࡢࡢࡢԹࡢ󲻵ÿࡢʢ࣬ɼһ֮ܿ࣬˾ôЩ࣬׷ԼҪĶ
Ȼ˵ǿ֣࣬Ҳкֻ֣ܶǿʲô̬ЩκһЩʱ԰˴
̣֣
Լҿԣ
ˮҡҡͷϵҲڲϵı任һ΢ı仯ϵĻڻʵǱ۵ˣźܶҪһǳսս졢սءսˡ
֪Ѿ̤ɽΧŵˮ֪Ϊʲôֵɽݴ½ֵĵط̫ˣҲǸо
һεƺָˮˮǰ˼;ı仯ɢҲԽӣ硢޿ײ롣
ɽ
ͻȻˮγһʱѹ纣һ˫ϥֱûӲ羫ʯУļȴûһ˿һ

ˮվһȻɽת£粨һѹ
֮

һеıƽʱƺ˺ܶ࣬һˮоһɽôļѣôһξо࣬ʵ˺ܶࡣ
Ȼ̧𣬵̧һͱѹѹȥȥ˫ȵΧʯĹѿȥʶеͼת

ˮͺһһΧʯֱӱķѻɷĩ
ȥÿһ¾ͻܴһʯˮˣ೤ʱûгˣѪҲûˮȴǺ¡
ˮ̤ɽʱѾţûţٶȿ죬Ҫܾúܾò̤һԸʯƺҲôֻͼҲǿԳɹǰƥʵ

ؽܷͳĺƺܵˮеį飬ԽԽңͳԶ
ˮҲɻͻȻϢҲʼԽԽǿңͣתôؽܵĲȶ

һɰһů紺ƣͻȻĸоҲǸɺԵǧֵĴͻȻȣһĸо

ˮͻȻоһؽܵӰһӳö࣬жʮףʵƺɫҲڽơ
ͻˡ
֮ϲˮԭأͻƣû뵽ô죬Ϊͻñ粽еĸоͻȻʧʧһ㲻ʣƾ֪һλǿ˲٣ѸٵĽĳʶ
ؽܣڣʵ;ľ롣
һʹóͻһֱľ
ڣӦǸողڽ׶ΰɣˮȻֻмֵĽܣȴǿϲޱȣоľ룬ǿ
һһһԾϾˮʵһҲǺǿģ˵ˮؽܹǿ
һʵǴоʥʯҲڻˣڻʱ򣬵ȾʱȥɾԣĿǰǿɽûʲôôɽˮܸое㶫
ΪָоںŻҧţһʲôٻԼôǸһԼԵ˵رʺԼ
ΧһѹֹϢĳԽԽоΧѹĵشȥġ
һɽѹȻߴˮϵĵأ̧ͷһǾأһˮٴλָǰûͻƵ־һһδ粽С
Σۣ
εˮֻóصʵһΧѹȻоŲЩأȻʼɽȥ
ڵһͨһ͵ɽ壬Сɽȥǰһɽֻһ̧ѣʩչŹΪѳɹɹӵѹֻǰһĲھĳܼޡ
ˣӽˣˮɽʯϣÿһζӲʯС
ˮٻϢѾܽˣеϧ־Ѿﵽһޣʱľƺһ˵Ųס
ˣˣ
ˮоʶһģ͵ҧԼ⣬һ˿ʺѾ֪ǶٴˣǵѪѽһѪ̿顣
ͻȻˮоһ΢ȴǳʣ־ƺҲָʢʱڡ
֮
ˮڶЦÿʱ֮ԼһˮȻڼ֣оѳŵɽˮġ
е֮תһ︴յ
ɽ
ˮɽʱһֺĸо𣬾ǰɽĸоһ̺Ժվڸߴĸо
ɽܴΧѹҲǸӵǿңˮվΧ䣬ΡȻ
ɽƽԶһĴٻԼϢһǴӰķȥ
ܰûһ˿Χεǿѹȴûһ˿ֻˮĽŲ
žž
ĽŲⰲɽԶԶĿǰʩչŻ滹޴ķӰɫģˮҲǽӲӵģׯ¡
ɫ΢΢İ֪ɽʼڶȥǸߴѾˮǰײľ롣
һ޴ĵãˮ֪Զվˮ·𿴵Ƶ龰Լо
һһĸӦˮ֪Ǽٵģֲǻþѣ־Ĵڣߴӵ·һ㣬һˮзѤĹâ
̨׺Сȴаһֱ쵽ˮǰ
ĽӰƺоȻһ֣ʱ˫һֱŵķԶˡ
ˮܵʱҲǴģӰ˫۾ȻԶˡ


1078 ħǿʥʯָ
һ˲ˮо춼һ㣬Լ˫ۺҲһ˿˵ĸо˵һָ
۲ûͻʲôоԼķˣǷӦҲˡ
ˮ̨ȤصĲϣоɣǺǰȵġ
һӵʱˮߵſڣûţһ˵Ϣ˳һһĸо
УǴССĵɫҲɫ߶ʲôСʿҲһ
ˮһ̤ȥûٴǰΪЩСһɫŹֵĵһ󷨡
ħ
Ǵݻټħ󷨺;ŹеƣΪУɱС
󲽣
ˮ󲽣ͻȻеЩȴǶֱ̧ĳЩȻر𣬱ΪһƿĶֻƫԭλá
ּӲĶײӦҲǺɣỹɣ
ˮ˼ţһײ˹ˮٴĳȻȵһĻͳˣˣ󷨾ͻ˵м䡣
ǰǸĴֱĴû뵽ˡ
ˮ󷨣ǹպˮ˵⣬ע⵽ڲûκεʬۼ࣬еŹ֡
ǹĻǶܻһˮомܣ۾һԼĶܻԻǺСģսٿֶܻˡ
һγȥǰЧٴγֻ֣һˮԼǹˣȻֵһĻˣ˵ſڡ
һˮˣҲԭ󷨲ŶһЧǻˣҪǻ˵ſڡ
ˮҲ˽ħǿǿˮõԽСԷҲСǻὫ˵ſڡ
󷨾ֹһȥˣʲôˮһλ󲽣ֻֻǶܣһʼһ񣬺ԽԽֻ࣬Ҫвͻᱻų⡣
󲽱ˮʩչ۷壬ûˮǱ˳
в

ǲ
Բ
ˮطϰŹٺòˣھħʮ׵ľ룬һ̻Ǳ˳ȥ
ɫѾȫˮһޣֻӦȥɾϰ¾Ź
һνɾˮܼΪͻˣһ£ۻʥʯͺˡ
һǻ飬ʵһλͻˮʵڱͻǰ˲һࡣ
ˮı徫£޺ﵽǣǽǣʵ;ֱӴﵽʮǣڷε֮³˶ʮǡ
ˮոģ±֮ǰӵĶһЩһˮʵһʱˮı徫ҲӲ٣Ͼÿ춼ɾȹġ
رʱˮ˺ܴŬϧ֮һֱͻƲԲȻʵһһδԾ
ˮĻҲر𣬱绹ͼˮʵҪ˵ĻҪһ㡣
״̬ʼڻʥʯһֱӻζ˳ʱһʥʯҺεȥˮˣڻһζڻ˵һΣôľˣˮõĽָģ͡
ʱˮ֮ʯҲʥʯһߣǳʱڻ֮ʯֻҪξͿˣˮѹһռ䣬õȥʥʯҺ̡
һȻ죬һָãȻˮͻһһεڻȻơ
ʶ֮Ҳǵңˮһ˵񼼶֮ʯǧġָ貵ĹâʱˮĶе
ΪʥʯָСߣֶӦÿԼ򵥵֮ԳƵСԼһ򵥵ǻ־һҪͨѪӣʹӵӦ֣ǶʧҲͨϢҵлǲᶪʧġ
Ѫûôˮһ£ƺֺԵĶǿͨѪͨġ
һö޻ĽָʱȽ޵Ȼ̲סͨȥ
ʥʯָ˵е壬һڷԲ֮ԾÿʹðٴΡ
ʹ÷ϣߡ
״̬Ժ˵Ѫͨ
ˮˣû뵽ʥʯָǿô࣬ڴ󣬶ÿʹôﵽ˰ٴΡ
ǿҪǵǴߣһ뵽ȲҧָѪڽָϣˮѪȻ뵽ʥʯָС
Ҳ˼α㲻ˣٵȥֱӻᱻȥˮѪʥʯָǰһĴݲйΣȥ޻ʥʯָ϶һκ죬÷һ㣬ǸӵĽָһޣͦÿġ
Ľָˮһ˵΢оԼʹ˶ıǽһָо
ٴͨȥ
ʥʯָ˵е壬һڷԲ֮ԾÿʹðٴΡ
ʹ÷ϣߡ
״̬
ʹߵһٶȣһ
ˮãָϣһоߴ΢΢۾ӰɾΧһĴ󣬺ȻȻߣ뵽ĵǣȻɾֻǰ£ѸٵǰǰԿһھݴ½ʲô㹻ˣСΧ·׷ɱҲˡ
ǲС
ʱˮҲˣһȻϢһ죬һֱʮһγ˶ˣʣµʥʯҶǲˣ˵ʵⶫã˶׳£
˺ҹˮˣɣ㿪ʼħд󣬴ʱûҪ󷨣Ǿдʱ䡣
֪춼ˣһʱˮϾһֱУͥŲеǴֲĵ˿ۻңȴǸоǺǱ۾д
ɫȫˣս˴ˮ˫ۣȻ⣬ǰʯ̨ϡ
ǶȿʲôΪֻܿһǣȻǺСȴʲôҲҪ뿴ֻܳ󷨡
ڴ󷨺ףֱӴ󷨣һۿʯ̨ϵĶ


1079 ļܻʥ鼶ʥɽԺɨ
һһߴСĻɫʯͷ״ȴһɽҺˮ濴һɽһģֻСģһ
ֻһߴСȴɢɽһѹһ˸о쳣ػĸоҪˮоһ޼᲻ݵİ
Ȼֻһˮ֪ⶫһ򵥣СɽܼͨӲҲַֻ֣ܳ滹һʱ䣬ֱӱ𿪡
ˮһ㶣Ҳĵˮٴȥڴ˱𿪣һζˡ
Ƕܻˮ˼Ƭ̣ԼĶܻתǺţϾˮҲҪСɽоĶܻһ⣬ܻȻСĲɼ㡣
ˮֻΪ˶ԿֶܻȻо޷Сɽеڴ֣һεСɽ档
һǿҵĶܻ˳еľˮ壬ƺһֹˮϲǲûа𿪣ǹɾˮǹУ׳ˮĶܻѸٵһѭ
ۣ
һʯˮһˮ˫Ĵģˮо׽ͻƵĶܻͻˡ
ļĶܻǹͻһǰһƺǴɽҲܽƽıоرо˱ը
ܻͻƸˮľϲСһǰԶַ׬˸ֲô˶Ҫÿ˶ÿ˵ͻ
֪ˣˮļĶܻǱǰǿһЩʵҲһɣڳֵļӦҪ˺ܶ࣬оܻСɽйϵ
أ
ˮСɽʱ̲סڣ̫ˣصĳˮܺСɽʲôġ
ͨȥ־ѾĿɿڴˡ
ʥɽ
ʥˮ죬Ծ޿ݡ
ʥɽ࣬ؼ侫ʯᣬ¾֮γɣʥ鼶ʹǰԼѪ
򵥵һ֣ʥ鼶ˮЩʧʥҲֺֺܶͼģʥֻͼʥʥ޺ͱʥԵĸһ󼶱𣬶ʥ鼶ʥ޺ָһ󼶱
лû˵˭ʥ鼶ʥҥƺֻһӵУû˭ļɣҲûʲôˡ
ߵˮƺѾܲѹܵѹҲûˣҲԭʯ̨ΧûѹĴڡ
ˮֱӽһ鼮һĶսɾʲôֶûУҪľǽɽ
ԼѪҲѪּıķ
ˮó𾫼ƽʱƤģַھɽϷ𾫼ֱӻĴ
һɹ̵ѪӿھɽϣѪһ˿ĽɫʺһƣȻرԣױ˺ӣ˿ȴʵĴڡ
̵ѪһӴɽʧˣһĺۼҲû£ˮҲоޱȵĹ죬еһı
ܿˮƷԼǸ뷨ΪЩԼͨģǲִġ
ˮѾе㷢ףɽȴѪһ̰ʳţûһҪͣĸо
ˮҧţоЦˣѪеΣգһ㲻Σյģʵ˵˾Ǹ߼һĵѪ
ˮǰ״̬ѣʶеͼҲѸٵתΪ΢ʧȥѪҺ
ͻȻһˮһʧѪ࣬ǿҲУΪˮѪѾʧȥ֮ݴ½͸þˡ
ˮԥǲҪֵʱʯ̨ϵľɽȴֹͣգڰסƻĹâӵľɽƺһϣˮǰƲ˿ϣڲ÷ѪˣԺܿ˿ھˡ
ûüúÿóϵľɽһڣˮһ̴ƺֹͣһ£һεĹˮæۿΧ
һߣǰɽûˣеƺҲûˣǿԿ϶ǰĵط
ţɽأأ
һʱˮожһֻɽһϢ˵һָо־Ͷϣ־硣
ӣ
ˮæӣһȴǴסˣΪʯ̨ʧġɽʱȻԼĵУҾڽ𵤵棬žһЩڡɽˮԺС
ʥɽ࣬ؼ侫ʯᣬ¾֮γɣʥ鼶ɹ
ǵıʵǵľ
ˮ뵽ԼھͶ֮ĸоӦʵԭ߲ʰɣʥ鼶ʥȻôıʵȴǲ塭
ڵˮ˵ӱʵıǰˮĻôʵ֮࣬ЩڱʵĻϣһֱӰˮıʵֻˮʵ½߶ˡ
Ҫ֪ǰˮıʵҲŲ߰ǣȴǣǴ֮ĴɾһУ޺顢ǽԼҲǣһǧңЩʹ֮ĵҲǡ
ֱӱǵľһˣ֮ľӱ屶ľ߼ʲôģſϴ֮Ҳ߱ˮı徫ﵽһһǧңκ޺ȾѾʮǵľ
ˮѾ˺þãΪԼڵʵסˣΪñǽʹ˶ʮǵʵʮǣֶɷļʱﵽʮǣզ࣬ߴʮǡ
ˮ裬Ϊ֤ʵԼ뷨ѸʹãͻļĶܻԴʮǣ϶ɼʵʱԴʮǵʵ
űǽˮоһҪ˺صĸоʵǿͷˬģһָо
ըԵնһеƣо춼ڰǰʨ룬ǰޡ

ֻӾͬҲʵһˮʵﵽ˿µһʮǶһЩʵ
ޣܵعԼӲʮǡ
оȲˮʩչȫϣʱϸ׶೤ɢϢء
ˮоԣΪֻһٶʮǵʵӶľۣΪʲôֻһٶʮǡ
ˮ𱱶ǽִǰһģһǽԾĹûЧˡ
ˮҡҡͷҲʯʧȥЧˣǵȼֻǱǽˣһԶַĹٴγ˾ȥ޺ڣعˮĺɨޡ


1080 ̥ǣϫӡ
ȻǽǰӾˮоԼʵѾһηԾˣ㹻ˣʱ̫ãڸоҲͦġ
ǽʧЧһֵڣ޷ܣҲպԼʵȹ󣬱ǽЧ֡
ҡҡͷˮô࣬Ǽʶ鿴ǵ
ɽݣɴСԵֵ˵ĽҲԽľɽܻԽѹ壬ˡ
ǰʵͶٶȻˣ򣬹джܻþ߶ٿأľ
ɹɷ
ɽ׵ˮ̥ǣǰһ˲ڰ˲ģþɽ壬巢˷츲صı仯
ˮϦʱסˣǰǼǵúϣȴǰ
Ǿ˵Լоһ˲ʵǰʱ䣡
ϵҲ蹬еĵ絯СɫľӨ͸̺ľˮе㲻š
иľѪأԼѪҺȶǷɱ䣬ϸ¸ǿȵļϣ飬ɽ̲ص̫ǿˣˮ̥ǱνĶҪǿܶࡣ
ɽʥ鼶鱦ǿˮʹñǽԴﵽʮʵϾǶɼʷˮʵɽʵһԴﵽٶȣҪ֪ٶȾֻҪٶ㹻ɻҶԿˡ
ˮԼٶȲҪɽʵԼٶȣǺֲܿġ
һʮǵʵٶȣˣ㹻ˣԶַҲܽЩݻܵعƣԼĴӡȾؼԺɨˡ
ʥ鼶ʥﹻǿ󣬶һģֻǲ֪Ժʱʵ᲻ӣǾɽڵУÿʱÿ̶
ߣ
ˮûôоǰͳһ״Сɽ壬Ǿɽӣɢ
ң
ˮһСɽһľɽѸٵ£
أ
һ죬ֱڲԶҳһ׵ĴӣŶΧѸٵɽС

أ
ɽʯ쳾ɽֱӴӵ´ܳ˸һӣ޴ΧĴضһҡΡ
ȥ
ˮһӣϰߵĶȻҲĴĴпþɽ

ɽһһ֮ʯͷڴײľͣ
ٿضиƣ׵ľ뻹Уˮ⣬ɽѪڸڵбԲרŵĴ
һˮŻ·ȥҪʨЩ˶أʱ䲻ˮٴǰˣȻʵǿǰġ
У
΢΢ʵˮȥץֻޣϾﻹƿĵͼʥ޵ģʵʶҲ֪ĸԶһЩ
гޣˮʼΧѰΧǿϢһʱˮҵһֻ
ޣ
ˮоֻѪħţʵ࣬ˮǿģΪͼʥ޵Ƶģ˫û⣬ˮоĸ׵ʵеǿܳɹӦҲǿܳɹɡ
ףͨѩףԵޣҲԶһѪͳˮʵԸ׾٣ܼ򵥵ķӡС
ʮҵʵ
޵ӦܷӳǵʵѪԼĶһҶͷˮޣʱƶвʮǵʵԶַҲʮǵʵ
ˮ޺飬ػһܶ޶Լص츳ԿعԼһõȥ
ˮɾʣµʱˣԼ˵Ҫʨ£ǰԼûбʤİգԶַûаٷְٵİգڸоûûκ⡣
һɾͿǱ鼮ˣ˵ɾĶڿʱսȥܾܿҲˣܺ;ɽıһĶӦҲɡ
ϼӳˮ
ϫӡ
ˮһɻ󣬷鼮һսûмҳƤǱģܾ£ĺܿ죬Ժ۾˼
ˮѾѧ˾˴ӡ˾⳱ϫӡ;˴ӡ࣬Ҳǲ˾ﲻһ԰ңǰҪһս
ʱ仹ˮֻо;˴ӡ࣬ûбҪٻʱӡ
һ뵽Լгʱ䣬⳱ϫӡ;ɽһ飬Ӧòն಻ѹԾ˵öԴӡаء
һˮƵսҲиԵص㣬ս˵ӡǿϫеˡ
ӡ糱ϫˣ
ˮǶôףڲſʼѧֻƺûʲôоˮԽֵսԽ򵥡
ˮ־ǲûɵģһ͵˲ɾʱ䣬оҪνĳϫˡ
ϢˮҹֱŻȥ·ϸȥ۵ֱӱˮɱһ·ңɹָоҲرˬܾûΪˡ

ˮÿ춼ʹþУĴξкͳ޵Ҳ΢һЩ·⼸Ҳӡֻޡ
ľ޺ͽף
ʵǰ࣬رǽײǿ󣬷Ҳǿһֻս޵Ľϡ
ء
ĺˮ̧ͷԶҪߵģֻһҽУˮоȥɣһʶ˻԰һ£ԾʹѸٵĳȥоǶԼʵоԵġ
һʯһشԶԶˮͿϵȺ
Ѫգ
һˮüͷ·ǰĵطΣϲһΣѪȺǺܶڣʱѪȺҲֻܵķݡ
޴Ѫͺɫͷʮֻնסˡ
ǺķѪȺˮŶʮˣ󲿷ֶߣֻˣˮһ۾Ϳһ˾Цˡ
ǸˣǸԶַԼսˡ
ɽˣ
ˮվڵѪգǵҲҡҡ׹ѪһƬ˲ˣֻûзʬ壬ӦǱѪճûˣͷӶûʣ¡
ˮ޳Ǻܸˡ
٣㿴ˣȰɣһе㼤˵
㿴ŵޣһǿӦòѪգһ°ɣһҲæ˵ؿʲôҲ˲ˡ

˶ǿԽԽޣһʱܶ˶𾪣ȴɫ˲ò԰ףò԰׵Ļ⼸ˣΪԼսʱ⼸ҲڣȻϳˮ


1081 ܸ֮ʣټ̨
ˮԽԽһȺѪˮȥˮŲæűǽĻӳһɱһ
ˮѪȻ٣ͽϴܽӴˮҲʮֻˮڵʵ㲻óҲǽʮǣǶɵĹļʿԴﵽһٶʮǡ
ǰЩѪո޷ˮ˺ˮѸٵնɱϰ֮ЩѪȴˣǻǽһΧţֱȥ
ء
Ѫһֺ̰ѪȺ壬ˮҲû׷ǿڿ˻кһġ
ء
Ѫյһֻ΢ɫȫѪѪգǺɫͷѪգˮֻ֪ѪߣҪЩѪվҪɱѪ
ˮôЩˮûȤһʼˮûȥɽǴűʥʵĴڣǲ£ֻ뿪ݴ½ԼŮ˺ڣõ֪ĽԶַʧ
ǻɿҲû֤ݣǲ˷ѵģȿԲö֣ܴﵽԼĿģûȺѪգˮҲԼֽԶַ
ɽģԮ֣Ǳлиˮ˵е㼱١
ˮûдǾĿѾҡҡ׹󷨹ȦǸˣΪʱҲˮ
Ԯ֣ǰ飬ڤҵСֻǴٵһ̣ǰǵҪһʶһ˿ˮ˵æ˵
ˮûʲô⣬ܵвʱܶ˶ƽ飬ϥ˭Ը⣬ÿ춼вΪΪ档
ˮЦŲ˵ôǸˣǸһˣ֪ĸ˵Ļ컹ѣ˵Ϳˣ˼ҲףҪ˵
ǰЩ˵Ƕһ͵Ϻ꣬ǿˮ˼˵ϣˮǵĻһǶ˵ˣ˵׼Ҳ˵һá
٣˵仰ɣɷ졣ߵһһֱû˵˵
ҧյ˫ˮ˫ȭסĶָ״ˣС˳˳ˮģǱ̻̲ס˫ۿˮ
Ҵ֮˵Ҫ˵ﶪҲܶȻԺôڴ½㣬˵˷ĻӰġ
Լһ㣬ˮһ߹ۿܲм˵𣬵Ĳ˵ʲôͬˮҲ
ʱ̫ܻͬԼԴʱĺһãǶɱҡá
أ
󷨵ĹȦˣ
ô٣һߴĺ
ְǣϷͷһл

ˮ˷նɱѪգ˫һһΪ˵ˮԶַǰڵĲϵ£ȻǽԶַ棬ǽԶַǰˮþսɵĸ㶨ˡ
ۣ
һƺߣһ߱ѪץԴʱɻһЩ˵ˮϴ
ȴǷɱΧѪգƺЩ˵˵Ųʣ˫۳죬ҲǸ֣߰˵ΪԼǰ룬ͷˮԹ޸
һ
һ

һֱֻʣһ˵ʱһжѾעˣˮûж֣еûʲôо
ͬˣÿ˶ҪΪ鸺𣬻ˮ֪˻ŶԼһв
һаˣˮ˵ɢĿռ뿪ˣս÷ݴ½ĻɱԽȻӰȡ֮ԵɱԽҲҪɱһЩɱ֮ˡ
һµʱѾȥ˿ʮˣѾżԶַˣһʱˮоԼĺþˣ˺ܶطһЩҩ֮⣬ûҵĶ
ͻȻһϤӰ֣һˮо죬ֻһĳβȥ
ǵӰѾԽǰĸɽˮҲɽԾȥֻһɽÿǵӰԼ
Ϊʲôң
ˮҲϤӰ
Ůһѩ£޳һʥһ
һʥħӣţסʥ࣬һĴ
ذ׵ɴסգܿ˫ˮеһòѾ޿ƥеŮˣϢ͸о
̨诣
˵ӰеϤԭ̨С㡣ˮЦ޴к
ˮоеϤΪǰõŮͼԭŮͼ˵Ǻһģһ
ǣ̨ɻĿˮ
ˮȷܵһΣ̨诲װӣƺĲʶԼֻε˵ҽˮȥң̨Сһ档
ˣүүۺܸߵģ˼ǰų̂е㲻˼˵
ûʲôҲų̂Сܼסң̨Сܸˡˮ˵⻰ʵ˵˵ΪŮ˵ʵ
ԶַʵȻﵽʮǣˮʱհ޵ʵӦСϺףˮŻòǵԼҲ
ʵԼ˵ܼһ㣬̨诵ʵˮɻΪо̨Ҳһ֪ʵʵԽĸоء
ˮľȣ̨诸ȣֻûбֳѣΪȻ޷ȷеĸܵˮʵ
˵ЦˣٴμҲܿġ
̨诵سһʥȻ
ӦԶַԺŵİɣˮ˵
ţԶַĵڶҵģʱѾ˽ˣ˵ǲ٣ǴԶַġ̨诵ͷ˵˵ţȻɻĿˮ
ҲûжԶˣ³ȥˣһ𣿡
ţǵõϢģհ޾еԶˡ
ʱ䲻ôˣ̨С㲻ظ𣿡ˮоûоеĻҪظˡ
ڸһ˵Ҫȡٻȥ̨һ˵
ˮɫ֪ôȡӦȡ˼ûȡ
ҪҰæٲظϿɾͳȥˡˮ˵
һֻˮʵǿ٣˲֪ٴζûгɹȴֲġ̨ŵ̾һ
֪ˮŶʵ𣿡ˮûмŴӦ


1082 ˮ̨诵ľ
֪ˮŶʵ𣿡
ӦòʮǣֻһƬУ˵ǺԳƵһƬںˣˮˮʵƺǿ̨诿ˮ˵ţƺڿˮϵı顣
̨˵ʵˮ⣬ֻʵӦò£Ӧһޡ
ˮ֪ԸӦû⣬ҲʵͻƺϲսоɾĻˮӦȻҲ
ǰѰҹŮòõľԻմˣû˽ģΪõĶ˶˲һõ飬ֱǸŻ˼
ˮ̨ҲûʲôȻ̨үӺˮ˵ף֪һֶΣΪԼʱı֡
ˮ֮оҪΪǷ񣬾һ˵Ļ񣬵һ컭е˳ǰʱͻһϤУ׽Уûκɵġ
ˮû˵Ĭţ˼ʲôһжǿ̨诵Уһˣûκˣο˶ˣˮĳ˼η壬ϾҲˮսʤֻˮ
뿪ɣͦΣյģûбҪðգԡ̨诽˵ϰߺһĬǸˡ
ҰæʲôôأˮͻȻ̧ͷ̨˵
̨ˮĻ˫ʥӿˮ·Ҫˮ͸һҪʲôô
ˮʵҲ֪Ϊʲô˵Ļֻ˵˵ṵ̂ͼɫ˵ûʱȥ׷ɫŮӣֻ뿴ܸԼʲôô
һûɻ˵һԼѾŮʲôԴӦĻʲôҪʲô
Ŷ֪Ҫʲǫ̂û˿ı仯ˮ
Ҫʲô㶼𣿡ˮЦ˿̨˵
ֻҪеģԸģС
ˮ
ҿ԰æϣݺʦŵչһ¡ˮЦſ̨诡
̨һ㶣Ҳһ죬Ҳ֪ǾˮĻ֪ˮΪʲô֪ʵ
ô֪С˵̨ƺʶʲôֱסˮһۡ
һۺܲԣֻ΢΢ˮһһ
ƻ̨֪ˮȷˮ˽ģʳ仰һ̽
ˮЦЦʵʵԼȥ̨С˵˵⻰𡣡
ǵҲǣΰңǱ㣬ǫ֮̂ǰ˺ܶ࣬ǿЦһ
˵ˮٵ˵
Ȼֻʦ㣬ûĻҿɲ㡣
ȻǺ˵ˣ֪ȥȥޣǲҪҸʲôﰡˮЦǺǵ˵
ҵõȻȷܰ𣿡̨Ȼô˵Ըˮһѩ׵ơ
ˮӹůƳɣһ̧֣ͷ̨Ц̨Сݻò
ȥǱ߾֪ˡ̨ǳЦ˵һƽЦݡ
Ȼɴˮͨ˫ˮܵƽЦ⣬ˮܲ²⵽仰˵ݵĿ¡
ߣȥ˵ˮɣ
ã֪ʲôʵҪСģԱֶΣܣӦԱûġ̨诽˵һ䡣
仰ˮЦˣŮĵػûԼʲôҲЦЦ˵ֻȡͿԣˮҸƽκ⡣
̨һ㶣û˵ʲôͷԶȥĽһ̨ðɵʥׯϡ
ǺʥһҲʥＶģҲǿҲ˵׼
ˮͨ⡰̨ûô֮öԷиܣʥﱻ󶼻ųⱻ˿
һӵʱˮǰһƬںܴһˮԼʱþд˺ܶĶ
ˮƽƽһ澵ӣӦһֻе̫ˣˮҲԶһֲܴϺͻأ
ɫȻԶˮǺǿģ޴ɫ𣿡
ţ
ˮ̤ȥ̨˵ʲôסˣҲ̧ˮԶɫȥ

һ޴ˮ죬һƬ޴ˮ˵һ޴ˮˮͻȻסˣǵһοˮˣ뵽˳ϫӡ˵ģ࿴ϫˮԼյˡ
֪˵⾳Ӧǳϫӡĸо
ǰһ˲䣬رˮ𣬻о޴ˮ۷ʱͬž޴һƺ棬һǱŷ
ôˣ
ˮ̨ɻĿԼ˼ЦЦˣ
˵ſԶպһؾ޴ˮ𣬰һ޴ĵɫž޴ۼףˮֻ޵Դ
һž޴ףһֻ׳¹һĽǣɢһ͵
һĽǣ
ֻˮǿǿĻָԼˮƣ޿ײ룬ױ㣬ˮʹһˮս١̨վˮԱ˵
޷ף˵һжǿЦģȡˣɲԸ˵˵ʲôӡˮԶһˮһˮ˵
̨һ㶣Ȼԣǰ˵ĶģҴӦǲıģǰݵʱǻټġ
ˮûм⣬ǽֱʩչŹˮȥ
ޣ
ˮûҪֱӽֻˮɱԶԶ׻һսϰߣĬġ
𡭡
޵׻ŭˮȻˮһ˲ˮ;޴͵ĵеһƴ
ˮҲˮΪͷҲǣҲֻԸһȼǰĴˣʵҲʳһС
׻

ˮеıǽһӡ
ӡ


һжûջվˮԶ̨诲̨ҲǾƽĿˮ

ӡ

һνѾЧеǿҺܿͱѣʱһʱ䲻
ˮʱһǿϢֵʱ̨Ŀһȣرǿ޴ĴؽܣӾˡ
ųˮ̨读ּϵĻҲˣˮһ۾ʹˣΪһ޴ɫ
ܻûֲ̨ǾӦú;ֲɣ


1083 ˮ̨诵
ˮ̨޴ɫĻȻ뵽ɫоľõ޴ĺô
⻯ɫӦҲǿĴڡͨϢˮоԼڵĴؽ˿Ҳǳʶˣֻ̬
ԽԽˮˮǰĹƣǾսڻӽϣԶַǿ
Ź
еˮľŹǿ˺ܶ࣬һЩʵʩչ£ΧϢƺˮˡ
֮ˣ
ˮʵʮǵʵˮ㹻ˣ˶ɹЧ߶ܻЧĻֻܽǿɣ
ء
ľ޴Χ޴ĺˮʮɸߣΧȫˮĻмһ޺Ĳҽ
ȻûгֶܻǶɵļʻǱˮĽ֮˺ȥϾˮʵˮҪǿ١
ˮŹٴκȥͬʱ̨˵ȥȡɣ
̨ǰˮˮľʹˡ׼սǰˮرĿ˿ԼɫȻʵƺһ
ҪԼʵ̨诲²ˮͼ
ûжˮһκˮһθǽˮֱӺɣеţȥ

ƺܵȥˮԽˮҪ̨诿
ǰˮĽ֮˳˶ܻЧԲŽˮɣһĻȴˮһ
ˮȴͻȻʧˣˮȴ֪ԣһתۿøϵǰ̨诡
ˣ
ߣ
ˮ˲ʧʥʯָκεط˲䵽ͬһʱˮҲˣſھһŨҵġˮ
ˮɱﵡ
ˮˮ֮ҲˮףֻҪմϾͻԶĲλյﶼԶĲλ
ˮܵǿΣһѱס̨诣ԼӸ壬˲ٴʹʥʯָ
ֻһʩչʱܵ˻ŮһʥγһػȦֻһжڻ֮䣬ֱˮŸܵĽ
ռˣǰĵ˵ȥȡû뵽ܵȥһΣΪȷܲԱȻ˵Աû⣬ǸʱûʱȥԼòȥ
ˮæſԲ𣡡
̨е㣬ʲôҲû˵ֻһ˫һգգĿˮ·Ҫһ˫峺˫ۣһ˿Σû
㣡
öˮ֪ʲô˼е㲻˼Ұһòܶˣȥȡ
ˮ뿪ˣ̨ȴǴģҳһţˮͻȻסʼһ˲ɱˮȴûж֣Լ֪ΪʲôӲ˼Դɫζƿ
θɣҪźˮҲദкѣѾǰԶַˡ
ˮҲеƣҪ֪ôǿԱֶΣǲôѾˣ⣬ԺĴˣҲʲô
ҲˮԼǿˮ֮ûżأֺĿˮֻˮ̲סŭ
̫ˣģ˭˭
ˮҲֱʩչ˷Σǽһӡ
ӡ

һʵ⣬ֱӱˮĴӡסԵʵǰʲôǲ԰׵ģʱҲš
ޣ
׻
ˮһӣˮ
ֻ¾ͽˮҵϢ٣ֻҪһͣˮڿֲšָš
ˮˮߣȻǴˮеˮҲˮѪˮʵȻֲ
ϧˮʱ̨Ѿˣˮ²һм̨说ˮҪɱֻˮΪղꡣ

ô
ʱվһɽϣˮԶ˵
йȻ嵫Ȼž޴ѹЩỤ̃ǵһ˿ֻѹ֡
УԶַջˡ̨诵ᵭ
ܸܲ˵˵ݵ
ֻܸ˵ҲǺޱߣ֣ûعԶݺᣬлʳڻȨȨ֮ϣҲ⣬ЩҲ˵㵽һоͻ̨֪Ƭ̻˵
ˮûʣ̨诵λѾ͸¶һЩʳǺܾǰƶȣµĽǰʳµģ˵ݻлʳȴڡ
ˮҪˣǰݵʱһֵġ̨读ͷˮһۡ
㱣أټˮЦŵͷ˵
̨뿪ˣҲˣֻˮˮʵѧϺԸͬû˭ǿݵ꣬ҲǺͬ˱ǿģкСӣȴǿ󡭡
ˮȴŵ۳ôʱˣǱôһЩе㵣ģܿˣܿԼȥˣǰԼʵеǿоɽԼʵȥݣѾû̫ĵˡ

ʱˣǲǸûȥˡ
һ޴Ͽȣ̿Χ˵
СֻڲԶ鿴ݡ
ûȥˣǧܵȥ㵽áһҶЦ˵
ǺãǾͻȥɣ֪ˮȥûУݺӿǰ治ԶܳϿЦ
ӦòᣬҪʱųȥɣ˵ءҡҡͷ˵
߳ϿȣǾֱ߰ɣٶȲ̫죬ϻȥ´ࡣ˫ߵЦ
һ߳ϿӳǰһƬտĲݵأ΢棬ֻﶼһرһҶ
Զʮˣʨͼۡ
ʨ룡
ûǣͻȻһǰʱһҶȴеţǰӦû£ڸǻţƺûȫ׼á
һӳֵʸŵŮӣҪĻмûɴһ־ͱʨ˷ˡ
ʮа˳ɶߣǸյ˵ģҿȴƺʨĵλ൱Ĳ
ûߣҪǣҲҪ˵һҶ˵ţҲǲɫĸı䷽ԭ·ء
ţλС
ͻȻʨһߴվ˵һɫˣòӢͦ˫Ŀ䣬ΨǸӥԵеĺ塢ŰһҰԡ


1084 ңԻ껨
ŮĽŲһݺӺ͵㽫һҶ赲󣬶ʱСǰֱߵŮӺʨм䡣
һҶڵе죬֮ݺӺ͵㵲סԼΪϳˣǸҪˣҲʨ
ʨֻǲ֪ڻǲǣΪһҶһ۾ϳˣͶǰûʲô仯
£ֻǵһҶҵϣΪԼֳԼĸĸģΪȥĸĸҲҪϧ
𣿡
СվĽʵ
ӿСüͷƺסԼĴǲõ˵лҪλС˵鷳ÿ
˵ĵλ󣬻ûбرںŮ˵ʱϤû˸ʱǲ廰ҡ
ʲô˵ɣ
أ
СֵĻһ˵ֱ꣬ӱ޴ֱӽϻһһֱ֮⡣
ң˿ҲԶС˵żŮٴ̧
С֣ôˣ
˫ͺ俴վСֹʵͬʱŭĿĽˡ
󣡡
һҶҧ˵
СڣѸٵĽ󣬷մ
ҲܽΪʲôһССסҵĲһҶ裬ҺҰ
˹ĴЦ˵ĻüŮһ𣬶һҶǺü֪һҶһߵǰȻĿŽӡ
ңˣΪҪΪһҶһָ㱱ƼҪѪծѪһҶƽ˵
һҶһϳңϳȻҲ֣Ϊװûб仯ֻǴɴֻסʶˡ
һѪծѪΪƾڵʵҪѪծѪЦ㲻֪ҵĺÿһԶַ治ģҲɱ㣬һļ޸ңʲôҲҪ˵ҵĶԹҲ͹ˡٴδЦƺرĿġ
㲻˵ĺܿЦ𣿡һҶü˵

Цұ˵Ļûģ֪ҲԸģڿԸ㣬ˣȻףһԲ˵䡣
ӥӵļһĵҲȢҹùãǰֻ˵ıӺܶģһǶô򵥣ֱ繷ӡֱӳڼ
㺰ùãĸһҶŮúã˵Եرķŭһ˿˵ĻȺͷ
ɻ˵ıӣһαָűӴһ̲סĳ嶯ʵǺǿҲŶһҲûס
ǡ
ҾһҶŮҽɱΪһҶұ𡣡˵ֱӻгԼޣһʮֻ

ˣùãֻһƴҲûһʤ㡣￴һҶ˵
һҶгͷˮޣǶڷմС
Щ˵˶ѾҲǿޣϰֻһʱеƺС
㿴ֻͷˮޣ
һü˵
ϦϣһҼλϲסֻͷˮޣʣµĽҡ΢Ц˵
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Ϧ˵޺ʮ˵˵ʲô
Ź󣡡
һҶ迴ƺû϶ֵȻûаǷʵΪЩߵʵʮϣԶַлûаѼŮ˷УмֻҲǺܼɵͷˮ޺ͷǣرʵеߵʵҲʮǲ
Ůʱ䵹ǿٵĿʼŹ󣬶Ҳһ֣֣
Ще֣еǿڣΧסǣ
סǲú˾ŹȽˣҲκβǣʱҲзĻᡣһҶ迴ΧԼЩ˵
أ
ͷˮſһһֻȥ
ɱ
ֻҲ޳ȥֻȻûͷˮǿҲЩǿܶ࣬Ҳɱ
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ǰǸϦϴһͬʱ߸˷ְ˷ַͷˮΧм䣬ǿԪʣ˲佫һ𣬾һž޴һ
ǰ˷ֻܰ˸ʹãʵϧֻܽУذ˷ѹС
ͷˮ޵ʵȻǿ˸Χסиʮʵһʮʵģһʱ֮Ȼ޷ƣҲеæҡ
ʨνԶַǿʵҲʮ£ʨ붼ǳϼĴڣǱҲʮʵĳϣȻԶַʵܵعʵʣûˡ
￴ͷˮޱæ÷ǺɵȥӦʱ۵ˣǰӡɫʨͷģʱֱֻͷǡ
ˣȻǿ󣬵ɲҪʨʲôɣֵʲôѱʦֵľǶԸޡһֻ޴Ľɫϻ粽ĸ
ݺӿЩü뱻ļŮС֣ȳţˮ˵׼ܿͻ
ڵǲϣˡһҶɬ˵
ɫϲû˿һҶ跢ŭҲûпرĿģҲûпᡭ
ݺЦЦû˵߳óһӡ
˫һؼƺˣڳ˶ݺӵķݺ΢΢һЦеĳٴһӡ
ͻȻһɵ֣ſƮƬƬ䣬ɫ澰ޱȣһֻþһ

Ķ죬еĻԽԽ࣬ݺӵӰڿеĻУеĻӰǣ
Ի껨
ݺһһΧȫ뻨УȻѸٵһҶ˵첼ҳŲ˶ʱ䡣
ݺǰٻ֮壬İٻСгɾͣҲҪϧʵͶԷ⣬ͬǿİٻɱԸЩûʲôãֻǿʩչٻǿԻ껨ҲֻǶݵС
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ʨҲǳɣ󷨸ʶܶ࣬ܶ˶о󷨲ףһʱ䶼ĬĿűΧмЩ졣
еļŮСĵĿڣ޷֨֨Ľ̶ŮֵĿ֪ô£
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1085 գˣ
Ů˶ǾĿޣˮ뿪ʱ£˵벻ǺԶĻԸӦ
ʵ㲻ǶʨЩһ㳤Ҳû⣬ĶǺܰԵģǰɱ˺üֻޡ
ĽﵽǿޣĽԴ͸ƺԴǧ֮⣬иӦĻԴԶ
ŮֹޣƺûãݺʵҲ̫գоˮ˵ĻҲܶԸǰЩˡ
һҶ赹ǼˮһЩֻûعʨ˭ǿһ㣬ûס
һпܻһЩɱƽȥǾͨذλǿߡϦ߹ü˵
ߣΪڸԱˣЦýȥҲ󡣡ʱһͬ˹
سϣʲô취һһܷŹǣҲˣһҶ軹ֶŮѾǿѱʦٳּǿߣָĵĺʨľˡеĿ۷ߡ
ϷһʯֻһȽϵͼģЩ˵ʵǿӦÿƵʯƵֱۣ̱س΢Ц˵
سϣܳɹһϱףġʯװʹáҿ˵
˵ﻰͿʼ׼ãʯֵ֧ʱ䲻̫ҪڶʱڽǱƳ⣬ȥٵۡس˵óʯ
ʯһɫʯͷСҲһߴСԲΣһɹ˵ħԣ˸ܵĸо
ˣҪˣͬļŮ˵
׼ãֻҪһʧЧҼһ壬ҪͷлܵһҪܵҸǶϺ󡣡һҶƽ˵
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ǵʲôˣҪһߣҪ¡˫ҡҡͷε˵
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һҶ֪˭ҲˣŮ̶һس壬ܲܳɹͿˡ
ʱΪعݺӵʵǿ󣬾ʮǵǿߵݺӶսҲֲôݺмܶ
سϽеʯһףʯֱӵ˾ŹϿգһ˲ؼƺһһۿɼֹʯ
ﶼˣֻеĶѣʱҲ̣ܶҶңʯǵͼҲ൱ϡеĶ
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Ľһһƺһƶһ԰ǰһƳĸԶСϸ롣
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СֱһһȺȥСֵǿ󣬲ǵѪٴվշħٴʹ
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ӰһҶıȥʱһҶΧţȴһһֻһȥ

ΧŵһҶѾæˣһ˫ӳñһʧ񣬶ǰǱ˫ǲ˫ӡ
ҵģұҿϵŮӲġ
һҶٴαˣ˵ķǱҵķ򣬱վŲһ˿ɫ
ף
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ͻȻűҵĿڴȥ

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ץ񽣵ǰһֱͣýײһҶĿڣǿֱһҶ赹ɳȥһѪ
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Һƴˣ
ס
ͻȻһ󲨶ԶһӰӰٴһֱӳڰУֽסȥһҶ衣

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ˮԼԼĺֱʹ˾ģÿĴΣÿβԳʮʮ֮ĶһһҲһΡ
ֻǳֵ˲ÿһҶ豻ɵ˲䣬ѪȾɴ˫ûʲô仯ˮʹޱȡ
ʥʯָ
һ˲˿нסһҶ裬ֶڲֱſԷʨˡ
߻ΧһҶΧڳΧˮһҶ衣
ߣ
ɽ
˲һ״ССɽˮǰ
ң

ˮֱӽ߾
أ
ڶֱֵӴˣһҲǷһ˲䣬Щ˲ſжһˡ

ɽٴ𣬵һ׵ĿӣһضһˮŭޱȣһҶܵκ𶯣ֱʹǿľɽ
ﲻ˵ĶǸ˲ףסĺš
ˮǲսʤսֻҪûаڲƽ£ÿ׶ŮеӢۡ
ˮһ䣡
ۣ
ѸһһżСĺ˲
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мѪ
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1086 ʨǿɱ
أ
Կ鱩͹ѵĽǼСĺȥ͹˫ᣬһ˿Ѫ˿
ּˮɱˣһ˵ҪǱҵʵǿ󣬾һܲסȻˮûΪˮĴŻʵ²ӦʨһҪ
ôһźҲܰˣݻһûһҶ豻˾ֱ뵽̫ˡ
ͻȻıΧ˶֣ͣмֻȴٴˮȥ
ȥ
ˮһϿյľɽֱӺХȥһײľ޴ϡ
ʲôǴݹ࣡
޴ĲҺײȥһѡ
ָ䣬޾ͱʮֻˮֱ˫ߣһѪȾĸ첲˭˵ģ
ˮ˫ˮЦˣֻˮỹϲǸռһɣ
ˣ˭˵ҲˣЩһҲ뿪ˮŶ˵ɱȴˡ
һҶ΢ЦſˮĻûôƽǰΪԼķŭɱ˵һ̣ĺůʱӰˡ
С֣û°ɣˮҲеίҵС˵
ˮû£Բ𡣡һҶˣСҲǺܵ䣬ˮǰƱģڡ
С֣Ҳû뵽ǡˮЦŴС֡
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ˮŻʹĽӣʱܶΧм䣬ʹΧкܶ˶ǾŵĿˮ˵ˮǸħ
ǾԵİǵʵֹڱʥݺߣǵκεط޵еĴڣһǰԶַֻҪöǱ˵Ҳ޷ֻҪԶַǾͿĿŵᣬ籾ǿʳ
ǰճȴǿԶ㣬Զַжɱôܲ¡

ˮŶȥʱ΢һˣʱȴǾֵĿˮ֪鲻ˡ
󣡡
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ΧѸٵжÿ϶óһ߳죬滭һֻʨӣһŻӵΧм䡣
ˮߵǶʮԶʱͣǰ߶ޣɽˮϿƮš
˭ΪʲôҪʨ֮飿
˵ʹ࣬Ϊû˵©磬ʱϣܺƽ
˭Ϊʲôʨ飬˵ҵŮˣʬΰˮƤЦⲻЦ˵
һҶŮˣ˵ľۣˮɫ˵ǾȻǷŭ
ҪҵŮҸѡ񡣡ˮٴο˵֮ǰһҲ
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ˮϷǾ޴Сɽˣ֪ôưոݣҲֻӲͷƤ˵ֻҪܻųȥ滹кְܶ취
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ҽҲˣҲɱʨ벻ˣԩ˽ⲻ˽ᣬҪǶһĲûгԹıҴʱҲò˵
ôô˾ȻܲҪ۸Ůӣ˼˵ĻǸ˾վҪںš˭ȵֽɽ
޴ľɽ˺ѣۿĿŤɽХǰЩ޴ޡ
ԣ
һʱ䳾еĳ̵ζ޵Ĳҽ
Ȼ֣ˮҲûֹͣ˼ɽž޴Ŀÿֻ޴ޡ
תۼ䣬ʮֻʧˮľɽ£ɽˮоˬֱŰĺɱ˵ĺȻܡ

ͻȻһԼĺˮſԷڵ󣬴ʱѾɫ󷨹βǿϢ󷨵Ĺ״һֻ޴ĺʨӣа״СһͺǰĿ޴ơ
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ˮǰֻ޴ʨӣԶַûعƣھȻﵽһʮҵʵ
󷨵ʵãȻôʨǿ󷨣ʨе󣬾˵ʨ뻹ʨ󷨣úܺöһʩչֻҪܹϣ˶ʩչԽԽҲǿ
󷨵ʩչЩʵйϵȻǰˮɱļʣµĻʮ࣬ÿ˶ʮϣмʮǣ󷨿Էӳһʮǵʵǿֲ󷨡
ֻ˵ʨ˵ùҲ˵ˮãǵõɽʥ鼶ǰҲֻ޲ߡ
ʨʨЩĵƣǰŻܺͽͲðգǰľɽѾסˣɱܳɹôǵֻ
ѾǱˣֻƴһ

޴ĺʨſΧȫ뵽һƬ޴ĻС

ǿ𣬺ǰĻࡣ
֮ף
һɫ棬ņ׹һĴڡ

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ɽɹأˮһֱþɽм䣬׵֮˾ɽֻǾɽû˿仯˿𻵡
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޴ʨֱӱײһɽʱڻʱֶܻĻЧϾɽĹ޴ʨӵҪǿһЩˮٶѾ൱Ŀˡ
Ǿɽϵҡײ޴ʨӹ̣˵⡰ʨӡʵˮǱˮǿһЩҲס㹥ÿһײ˴˵˭ˮȶĺܲҡ
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ıʨڵʨɳһǿĻ湥ɽɽÿεҪǲٵȻǿ󣬵Ҳȱǲܳ־á
һӲʱĹοʼֲϾʱоɽ֪ٴεĺʨϣתȦ䣬ܼôʱѾܲˡ
ž
Ҳܲסʨֱӱɽֱײ˹ȥʨ˶ÿ죬Ҳһ˱ֱײɣײһѪɫʧڿС
ˮһǴѪɫҰ׵ʨˣûκα飡
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1087 ݹնɱ޼Գ
ҪɱңҾĿˮĺУȻûݣһȴǷޱȵĺС
ûʨػ˵ܴ۷ʱҲ޷ˮڵľɽ
ڱҵĺУˮû֣ЩһҲ뿪ɽѸٵȥҵĽɽٴ𣬶ΧȴǺɢȥ
ʥʯָˮӰĳЩ˵ÿһγֶһ˵ھ޴ʵһʲôлȺ
˶ºˮҲͣ붼е£Լһᷢʲô飬ǰģԽԽ£ԽԽŭֱӾǽɱɷʱҪϺ壬նݳʱٷʨκˣɲ뿪ݺٳ顣
˵ʨʹ˵ģƽʨ룬οûнԶַʱˮѾ˵ЩʨԶ
ˣҲǼʶʨΪɱû˿ԥƺɱ껹ޡ
ֽʬٻ٣ϵĿռռĲϺ⣬ڷʬʱ򣬿ռҲûбջһֱջ᲻ջˮ֪û
Ȼ©ӣõģһҶܼʨʮѾˣʨ벻Сˡ
ʨʧЩ˻иǿˣϧ֪ЩôĶ֪һ֪Ϊģǻ̻ȥɡ
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ˮ߻ŮϲˮóƺõʥʯָһһݸǣǵѪ֤Ĺͨеʥʯָǿ
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˵ָֻҪǱһ͵ϮĻܰȫѣߣٴ֮㹻ˡ
Ƕʴϻۣ֪ܿʥʯָ֪Σʱã͵ϮܿˣһˮǷˣԱûˡ
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ˮ˫ƺҪ˵ʲô
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ˮİƵǰ޴ĽǺܺÿģ޴ͷƺһӲӵ㶦һǻʹڣ߹󡢰˫ûֱιɫë˺ܾòŽҩݵ
ʵˮе㵣ģͼʥ޵ûô棬Ҳֻʨġ˵ģ龰ӦǿԵġ
˫ѾǸСһʥ޵£ˮڽ׳֮һֱʶ˫ͽ֮ı仯
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µ˻ûаȫлȱٰȫУˮҪܵаȫУϾϵܶ࣬ǸǿŮӣֻһĸı
ʥʯָֻǿĽˮİ٣ȻóԪʥ˫
Ҫȣ˫ιЩǿ֮ܺͺøС
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ѾͷջôˮĲݵ˵
УûѰʲôսûٴһ޿벻ŮķۡǺǵЦţһ˵һˮǰſˮ˵
֮ԱΪΪ٣˭ﶼܵõҲͲбˣŬʵҪȻ㻹һȺ㵱֣Ҫú֡ˮҲɣĳŵܿʵˡ
ŮСҲˮúˮΧһȦм䣬΢ЦŵĿ̲סЦˣرĿġ
ʲôʱȥʨ밡ͳͳɱ⣬Ȼô۸Ǽҡ˵
ǰ۸ǼҶȥˮ΢Ц˵
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ΧܰЦʱˮǿ˫ɫҲЦɫһ㻯ǣֻôһ㣬ˮǺܿ϶ܾǰǴֻ֪֮һֱԼ˵
Ѿȥˣʲô֮أˮԻ
ЪϢһҴȥѱһֻޡˮЦ˵
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ѾãҼŮѾʥʯָúʲôˮ뿪
⻹ʱϵһֻޣˮоǿҲԶޣ޼Գޡ
ҲԶޣҴ˵Ǻ֮ѪԶޣһЩҲеһƴǰֻɨһ۾͹ȥˡ
֮˵ʺΪֻ޼Գ޸ղ꣬ʵڶʮǣˮоֻҪʥܴﵽڣʵҲˮΪʲô˵ֻ޼ԳޱȽʺ
һܺңһкطûжԶͿֻԶޡ
ûг꣬Ѿмʮ״С縲Ÿְһۼףɫŵɱͺͷһ״ĺɫǣţˮ֪Ϊʲô˵ֻ޴޽о޼ԳޣƺûһԳ
ֵˮ޼Գ̧ͷһУ޴ǰվˮ֪Ϊʲôо޼Գˡ
վľ޼ԳޣǰһǰСɽһĽı䰫еԳɵӡ
޼Գ޲ԵޱȣھٶҲرǿһֻɱ¾ޣԲбѱѵģǿӹɵġ
ѾͷǲѱһֻڵģֻҪһѱܿǳڵģ޵ǿӦҲ֪ɡˮЦſ޻һ޳˹ȥ


1088 ѱɱԽ
ž
޴ľ޼ԳֱӱˮĻ޳ɳȥзһҺȴٴγ˹ǰӱŭ
ˮҲǾȣ޼Գ޵ĿĺǿȻǰûʹûͷۣʮǵľҲֻһҽС
Ҫ֪Щ޺ǿ󣬵ֻϵǿ󣬱ʯޣȫ¶ӲʯһķϿ˵ǿʹͬʵľսĻɵɱ
ʵڳǧԺҲиӣĹоҲһȱٵأ󲿷ֶǿ󣬾Ҫ˲٣սҲ١
һЩר˵ǰѴ󲿷ʱھϵߣֻЩϺٶϻȱݣԸиĺôҲиı׶ˡ
ǰֻ޼Գ޿һЩ֮ѪԲǿᣬھҲǵһҶͷˮҲ֣һģﵽǸʵȻǿ󣬿ԼĻս˵ʵҲֻǱҪ㡣
ȴţҸͨһ¡ǺЦš
ˮҲЦŵͷԸڵֻ޼Գ޻ǺɵģеĻÿһδγǽİ
һ﷢һЩֵˮ֪ں;޼Գ޹ͨӾ޼Գ޵ķŭĽ֪޲ͬ⡣
гһгԼ¹Ȼٴž޼Գ˵ʲô
ˮǲþ޼Գ޿Ҳܣоֻ޼ԳޣмˮܸܵչʾԼʲô
ױţɵԼѱ޶˳޼Գ޴ʱѾٶˣȻǺµĿˮ
ˮ֪вǰ޼Գ޿ԼһܵģƺսˣóԼĵҩʲôġ
˵ģǿ˵Ժĳɾͺܴ֪ȷѡ񡭡ˮо˵Щģһ
˵ˣȻ㰲ֵģѾҡˣҵġ˵гֻǣֻͷġ
ɱﵣΪڵͷǱ޼Գ˿Ȼ޼Գ޽һͻƾǱͷˮҲѷɫĴڡ
ȻˮǲῴֻģҲĻģҲǿѱ޵ģȻкøУᱻѱΪʵܴЩǿޡ
ֻľ޼Գȴǲͬûг꣬޵ǾͲ̫ߣھ͸ˣԿǿͷǶһкܴĺô
һѱʦеľ˳Ľ뵽޼Գ޵ʱѾ־ֻǿѾѱ
ѱʦѱ޺ü֣һûκεԼѱˮͷ룬һЩޣѱ޿Υѱʦ־ȷе˵һֺһƽġ
оˮͽԼ˫ͽ㣬ҩԼ˺ѱѱĵҩ٣رǸ߼ġ
һ㣬޵Լһ͵ҩЧ࣬Ҫ޵ϣǿӲѱǿӲѱĻ˵޵ʵѱߣһǴĲ磬ѱҲûʲô˼ѱʦϣַʽѱԼǿޣûгɱȴõһַʽַʽƽȵģԺѡ
ҩƽȵģȴǿ˰æǿƣѱ˰æҲûã˵ﲻ̫ãΪҪĸԸ֮²ܳɹġ
ڵľ޼ԳޣƭѱˣʵϲĻƽȵ֣ɡ
ѱ޾޼Գ޲ֻо޴ĺôҲлѡҪľоǾ޼ԳĻҲܴ
ĵǿǿԹ֮ͨϵѱʱҪľҲǺСһ㣬Ҫ޶һ׽С
һΪ˱գԲѱʽɵֻǿɵҲķʽֻͷǺֻͷǣ󲿷ֶǺõƽȵķʽ
ƽȵķʽ˵ô׺ޡʵ޴󲿷ֶһȷ˺ͲᱳѣֻһЩ²ŻֱѣһЩȽϽƻޡ
Ժעǿ󣬶һкܶޣֻҪǿļֻҳϵģȫ޾Ϳˣû⡣
ѱԺιʳ޼ԳЩҩʥ޼ԳѾﵽٽ㣬ʲôҲҲʱͻƽڡ
ιҩըҩϵһþ޼Գ˷ԾһӵСɽͷһСʵҲ࣬ͷˮҲʲôˣڿƺʤһ
ʵþ޼Գ޺֮ܶȴҲģģѱʦ֮ܶȺҪֻܶȸ˲ŻϵĸĬ
ѾͷǸûȥˡˮЦ˵
õģ
ҲСˣȻ˽ˮһУеˮӰһҶҪĶ࣬СˮΪ˶֪оԼҾһ
ʩչз˻ȥԸ𽥵ʵ֣еİҲʧһǿҲˡ
صʱŮѾˮҪѱʲôޣֻг˾޼Գޡ
ްԺǿʵһĽϧı£ѧһҶ̫ߣͷˮ޺һʱû˼ȥѱޣοѱҲô򵥵顣
ɫһҲǺʱһޱߵĲݵأȻǰең뻹Զһ
ٷҳԵúܿģ극ˮڸһεĵط뵽ɾ޻ߣΣʲôĿ֪ͨˮ
һɾˮͲ̽Щռ󲿷жڵˮ˵ûʲô˼еһЩҩĻǲģЩҩˮռԷָߵˡ
ڱҺͼǿٴηƿĵͼʥ޵ˮĵֶڲǰо̫٣ºȻ࣬ǿˡ
ʨôǿӦúͼʥ޵ֲҲѱʦôۻ벻ǿѡ
¶˼ƿԾͺ÷ˣһƿ˶ޣȻǶôǿҲˣֻк䣬ڵһʱ䣬ѱһֻǿޣɱʨ뼸ʮˣֻƿͼʥ޵׬ˡ
ʣƿ֮ǰʣµƿһƿٷɣˣ⼸ƿͼʥ޵ﵽˮСæΨһĵĸǸʵܲѱǿޡ
ͼʥ޵ʣµĶһˮЦˡ
ʨӡ
ʨӡӦҲʨ벻ս
ţУˮܵõʨһЩսҲĺ£Զʨֵ˽⣬ȵʨͿԼ칬ѧϰʨһЩʨӦûֵͼʥ޵


1089 Եıģ뿪Զַ
ˮû뵽ҺͼϵĿռղصǺܷḻƿͼʥ޵һЩҩݡҩ֮ȻвٵսһǷǳļ
ʨ
ˮҲһ㶣ǰҲʶ󷨵ã󷨾ʨҲһ󷨣ʨˮ²⡰ʨ󡱻ڱǿǿ󷨱ǿ⣬Ҫ˵ʵϡ
ʨ
ˮǰʨӺֻѵǴ֮ãһʨˮѸɨһһս˵¿Խ˻޵ɢǸ
ʨ
ǲͬڡĴڣһڻսҪǿľΪ֧ʨֻҪϵʵͿСɾͻγһȦսףǳ
ˮЩսоϲҲеǣʨĵȷʵܷḻڵʵ͸˵ˣɵǿ߻ڵһ߱ͬʵҪǿ١
µˮʨӡʨ˴ӡľ飬ʨӡ˳Ҳһѧɵġ
ϸоһʨӡʨսǷǳƣʨƣսƶ벻ƣսҪʵǿˮʱֻ֮ƺҲˮúʨӡʨ
һɽӣ
ʨӡڱ֮ӡǿľ֮γɱѣսôܵģֻǰսʱʨʩչʨӡƺûгֱѣѵǾ粻ûüʩչơ
һֱˮſҪһ̣ĿֿĻͲֱơ
ʨӡҲнãȻǱƣǰʨʩչʨӡˮĽԺԣȻֱƣԺıƲɱУҲɱС
ʨӡ;ֱӹϵȻﵽСɾ磬޷ʩչ
ʨӡӦñ˴ӡһҲѷɫҲʨǿս֮һٿʨʨ
ˮЩ¼׼ŮԼսʺϼŮѸˣֻеһʱûгɹ
ЩʨսһЩǿģ󷨿ˮǶսԼ̵ľҲźܴôʨ󲻳־þһ޴ȱݣ·ϵľǿ԰Ϻܴæġ
ȵˮɾʱѾǵڶˣ滹ǺģһƬڰˮڵʵǿԿԶĵط
ˮȥΪ˰ѱޣ˳㿴ǲǻܷӡֻͼʥ޵ѵãҪúá
ûһһֻ˻ҪԼʱ̫ķǵĽȡĶġ
ԵĻ⹫ĸ׶УչҲУʣµĵʱ˵ˮԶȥƬʧԶ
ˮѡĻǷޣǵ𾳽磬ߺ޶зֻǸ޷ȣȻһЩֳ⡣
Ӱħ
ˣ
һںڵӰӰ峤ʮףҲС͵ľްˣӰħʵҲʮ£ɱǶʮǵʵмܣԶѪɱߣںڰ֮䡢Ӱ֮С
Ӱħٶױȣͬʵٶģ̾Ƿ޶Ķ֣ó͵Ϯһ
ˮԶ־̲סĶԼѱһֻֻĿǰ޶û̫ãԾʹͷԼ޺ܿͻǿġ
Ź
ȻӰħǿϧˮȫ״̬±ٶȿ˲٣˳ĽӡסⰵӰħ½ϱܵٶȲȿзеͬʵҪǲ֪½ϱܡĽŵħƣڿͬ½ϱܣΨһȱȫв㡣
˳ķӡ˰ӰħٴԶȥʶҵǿ޵ĵص㣬οϺܶ޳ûˮѰҵ޴ʮ£Ϊٸ˲ǺôΪ˫ͽʹõͼʥ޵ʱܵˡ
ܵҩģˮоĸ׺⹫ʵǺΨһϣʮһҲѱȻҪ˷һƿͼʥ޵ˡ
˫ͷ
ˮԥһҲˣֻ԰Ӱħ˵Եñޱˣ˫ͷҲΪɽޣ˫ͷԴһר޾صսǷΨһĶ̴ƶٶ

˫ͷӡˮٴγ˳ȥ
һֱʱˮŻŮѾˣˮҲû˵ʲôгȥ緹ġ
ˮסһߣͼʥ޵ݸ
ˮʵҪ
ûһޣȥʲôط𡣡ˮЦ˵

㲻ǲҪ˰ɣˮװԾĿź䡣
һЦˣҿ᲻òҪ㡣
ˮгӰħȻ޼ԳС˲٣ʮ״С޻Ǿ޴ޱˣʵ׶ΣֻСģӰħһһļ⣬޴ûһ˿׸⣬һ塣
ӰħһɫǴ쿴ĸоȴǺ򣬲ѿرǽŵ׵ļ෢֮ħƣðӰħصĸо
ѱ˳
ŮΧ֮󣬶ĽޱȣһҶ衢ﻹ˫ΪˣҲûʲôۡ
СԼĽޣҲûʲô۳͵ԼǿķޣȻﲻǿ󣬲Զַǲˡ
ݺǰٻȹҲԼǿֻԶַǲܺЩʮʵȡ
ǲǺϲҪһˮЦ˵˵仰ʱʵ֪ҪҪĸǡ
Ƕĳˮ˭ҲԭģҪԼûѱһֻ˵ֵҩ࣬߻ô
ǺǣҲá
мŮ̬ȻЦſˮ
ûƿȵ˵ɣʨӦûлᣬԷȥ׼ءˮЦЦ˵
صٶȺܿ죬žʱ㹻οûҲ޸·Ǿĸϵﰲȫ
һξȥˣ
ˮһ˸ϵԶַʱȥкܶڸƣˮܵвСѪζϻһЩʵ塣
ɱ˶ᱦ

ˮһ˲߽ԶʱһȴͻȻǰסˮͼŮȥ·
뵽ʮ֮ڵʱˮһ˿ﻷͲ˹û뵽Ȼס·ǰʮˮﲻƽЦ
ЩʮˣҪˮʨˣɽˣʲôˣǵĴܿ


1090 Ѫһ壬ɱǲɱ
ЩУˮʨĺɽĲǰ棬ں棬̬ƺͷˣǿֵġ
ͷǸӣһ޵ıŰͲʵȴǺֲܿĳҰԡֿܴ񣬴ֻֿޡ
ˮСһ㣬ͷǱʥһ壬ǴűʥݵѪһ塣һҶСĵ˵
Ѫһ壿ʵǵһ˵ʺˮǰ˻е޵ĸо
ԣҲһ֧ϵ壬һ˿ٵѪǵ̲˭ͣرǿֻرбоǡһҶ˵žͲ˵ˡ
ʲôˮʵ
оŮǸȽǿҡһҶ費Ȼˮ˵ڲ
ˮĶеģһҶϾһδµĴӣ仰ҲΨкˮ˵ˮġ
ˮе㷢Ťһ£ǺЦţɴرܡ
˵ǸСӣλԶһ㡣
ˮҪ˵ʲôʱһеһĻȴ˵Դǡ
ΪʲôˮЦſŶҰˣ˱ѰҪ߳һͷ࣬ߴ׳ҪرϬ޵ϬѰ˿Ƕ﷢
Ǵжʮˣ˶ǱģվһѪһ壬Ⱥرۣܶ˶Զһ㡣
ˮҲͷҲ̫Եˣ۵ͷûˣֻǿ˵һ䡣
ΪǺƯҺϲҲ΢Ц˵ֻЦеɭ
Ҿ飿Ҹ˵һ飬Ҫ뿪òҪһҵŮˡˮҡҡͷ˵̧׼뿪
ţû˵ߣòҪߡٴοˡ
ˮͷһҶ裺ǵӲɣΪʲôǽôѣ
ˮСΧĶˮܽȻҲˣһȫҰϢӳֹߵЩѪһ˶ǷŭĿˮƺһ̾ͻ˺顣
ǲ汿ֻǳбֻҪܽǴ򵹣ǲǺ㣬ܳΪѡһҶæ˵
ѾˣֻҪܲҾͿˣǻס
ˮ˵ͷȥٶȲ죬ÿһƾһ֣ߵǸǰʮ׵ʱѾһɽһ
ɣҿѪһʵˮʶסˡ
˵俴꣬ƺҪһ㣬ˮоеѪ֮Ѿﵽ꣬ȴǿԺͨ׶ȸ㡣
ʹ죬ˣ򲻹ңҿǲⶼˡһУһĨ̵ɫ֣һ궯Ұԡ
ˣЩȫˮĿ⽫ʮȫ֡
˴Ұüëһ壺㻹ȴӮ˵ɣ
˵гѾ޸˫ÿһѶ׳ͷһ״СһȵϢɢı֮
ˮ̤ǰһȭҴ
˾
˴ӡʼֻӡģ˵ˮʼ⣬ھͨ˾û˹̶̬
һȭǿ˳ȥлһǿѸٵĳȥ
С
˾޴ĸӭһӻһɫĲһֱӺˮȭϡ
ۣ
ˮȭͷٴ͵ٴһ˲ȭǰɫĴȭͷ˳ĺɫľϡ
ˮʨӡʨʱھʶ˾޴ĽһεѾþͻεһǰˮþȭͷȥ
ͻҲҪܴ츳ͻԵģ⼸·ÿ춼ɾʨӡҲ򵽵ģȭĹԱԭеľһЩһһٽ԰ᶯһٽûֶΣһٽҲһٽͨȭͷֶοԷӳһٽˮȭͷԭ
ʵսЧս԰ʵķӣؼۡʨǣؼϡ٣СˮɫȭͷҲһּ򵥵ľսҲֻǳģȴǿ԰ˮеľķӳȥ
أ
޴ֱΧγһȦˮʵǰѾ˵ʵʮ£˵ǵˣоԶַĿڣΪʵԵõķӡ
ɫһ˼ĿˮȻֻһӴ֪֣ٿļɫŮӡ
ɲû˴Ů˵⣬ܻúõվֻһǾûߡ

ˮʹóƴʢʱͻȻɫĶеľ޸ˮ֡
ˮҲû뵽һٶ裬ԺϻͻˣȴɫȻû˿ȻǱ䣬򲻹䡭
ˮеһȭ޻ϣǰ˵Ļ˶±߶±ѾǷһЩϣɱߣһĵĹأȻ˵ɱЩǲῼǶЩ˸Ǿɱ޹ġ
ˮкһЩ޵ѪһЩΪһεͷӰԺĽҲûʲôһ޷һҶ˵
ˮһ㶣ڸǺܶĶʱҲһЩҲˮΪʲôѪһݵǿǵ𲽱˸˺ܶ࣬ʹûҲͶһУʹûҲǸȥ
ǰˣҰˣ뵽һʼЩΪҰһĿˮԼ㡣ĿֱΪ׵С
뵽ңʱӦҲǶһеʵ뵽Щˮֻǿ˵񲻶ϵĴۡ
룡
ˮĴ֮𣬷Ҳļǿ

ʩչ˻ˮѾ㹻ǿʶʴʴʴꡣ
˵ɱǵģΪǰ˵Ļֻ˵Ц𣿡
иǼһ˿̣Χܶ˶Ǹоǵصѹֱڵأ
г˿ֻţһĺˣֻֿĳϼһļЩһһͣʱп뿪磬ǰ˲Ŷ󣬾ʵʱǻ˵á
оѾҪըˣĿˮ
ɱ
ˮ񱩵ľֱӷӿ


1091 һ
ˮĿ񱩾ӿѪһ㣬ˮľѹƣֱѪڵϡ
Ů˵ˮοǰѾ˵Щ˶ҪˮŹΧ˵ģܿŵ˺֪ܶ࣬һԾŶҲûɱӺҲãЩá
ү
ΧЩѪһ˴ĺһָˮЩˮһִӡʹ
˲ǰˣһ־ɽϷȻѸٵı󣬽˾ֵĿѹ֮ȥ
һ޴ĿӣףǰЩ˶һͻȻıʼϾ޴Ľֱӱˮһˣȫ׵ĿС
˶Ϊ滹ҴǰǹƺǻԵģںܶ˶ϳȥ뷨һʱȴӣǴʱĸǣҪɱԼ練ơ
Χţ˶һˣϾ߼˲ܽÿļ綼۰һ

ˮһɽֱǿԵ˵ѣǿԸܵԼĺ
ŮվˮʲôҲû˵и˼½ǿΪֻʵܹԼҪܱԼİȫ˵İȫ
ˮǿǱ˭ģֻˮǿǲŻᰲȫŻ֣ܺһ
Ѿɱˣˮ֪ȥһкܶǰԼ鷳֮ǰѾ˱ʥݵػ壬ʥݾΪҪʨģʥעҪԼ췭ظٶһЩкη
ĿΧܶ˵ɨһۣżŮȥˮ֪һۻúܶͲúܸɾȻ´˴ڡ
ͼŮԶַǰ״ΣһǿعͬʱˮеľȴŲηع޺Ч
ˮЦˣһٶʮǵľϾսԺɨ֮ˣһһޱȵɣһͻȻˮоеľɽƺԼϵӽˣһĸоһֹͻһޣǺԣһָо
ˮûȥ΢۾һ̣Զַ˺ܶ࣬󲿷ֵ˶ǽģɫʱ֣Զַͻرա
´ο߿û֪ˣҲܿͻῪҲǧԺῪҲԺԶٿ
ˮûп̨诣Ӧ뿪˰ɣˮҡҡͷʦϺɽǲǺǿжǿʲô֣е
ܿͻȥˣȥ֮ǰǰݵ鴦׵˵ɣȻƳҲôִٵ뿪
ɽΧɣѾˣٸϻȥɣﱧˮĸ첲ĵ˵
ҲֻڵĻҲɣŮҲǺܿģǸŮһܺгˮᣬѾ˸ײеϡ
ãѾͷ˵ˣ㣬ǻȥүүǣȻȥʨ롣ˮЦԴ
ţ̫ˣڵȵһˡȸԾЦŽţƺ˼ΧһЩ˲
ĿļһҶһһѾܽˣҪѹԼԸĻΪó
΢Цſźվһˮ¶ЦԽοһǣԼԼӦøоҸʲôʱԾľѾĿ˸ı䡣
ԼͽܣȻֻǸţʱʲôԼԼҲɺչ˵ġ
ԼûгϹоԼеִԼʦתԼе㲻ԣһֱףվ顣
վ飬ˣŮһʱ䳤˺ײ飬ΪԲִŮбʱ䳤˾ͻһЩӴ׷ʲô
һҶ֪ʲôʱָоģڲ䣬һ˲䣬һжһһ̬ǿʼ
裬ʲôˮ﷢߹ȥʵ
֪ҲһҶʱ飬Ͼıһ˵޴İ˾޴ı仯ıԭ켣
û£뵽һЩ顣һҶɫе㲻ȻһԵˮûж룬һٴԶȥ
һֱ߳Ⱥ󣬲гޣ޿ɽ̫ˣеĻһҲ˶ٵġ
߿пɽرڣɫѾ΢΢ڣʱ濴ȥһľɽһɽơ
ǵٶȲ죬ϾֻοɽˮϺüˣ϶ˣ޴ؼ˾һ
ˮĶһȻ󷽣ϳһĨмЦݡ
ôˣǲ׷ˣ
û£ڲκҪȥʨˣЩС𣿡ˮνЦЦ
ˮҲܴ⣬סǰ˵Ļʧˣ˶ˣ㲻ʧܣ²ȥʨ롣һҶԼ˵䶼еǸж
Ůˣ֪㵣ʲôĺˣһҵһΣ𲻵ǣҲȫˣҲܶôˮЦɵ˵
ˮĻһҹεһۡ
һʱ䣬ֻ޴ɫ޷˹ѸٵĽΧм䣬ˮҲôΧЩ˵ķɽķΡ
Ϊ׵һߣҲһۣһǿҵϢһ۾ܿһþλˣоɢԽϢˮᡣ
ߵ˶һֻۣ۵ɫûһԲĿˮˮҲǿЩˣԶַЩûκεѹǽԶַǰĻЩҲˮž޴ѹ
ʲôˮõüͷʵ
ҵԼΪ׵˿ˮþòŻ˵
ǰôʲô𣿡ˮƽʵ
Զַɱǣ˻ƽʵ
ˮҲƽĿҡҡͷûУɱ˭ϵеģ˵ȷʵˣҿԶ췢ģûκһϵ
˿ˮƽɫɲԸ˭ɱģ
ˮҡҡͷܣҲǣҲܲµóαأ
˵ʵҲǹģɽˮûκεĺøУǸλٵûһЩԼ֣ûбҪ˵ô͸Լ²˼ȥɣʥݵʵսˮǹҧ˭һëûһϵҧֻá


1092 ֮֮
ɻĿˮȴǿƽˮݣִʱԼȻ޷͸ˣرľȡ
֪֪ǰɱɽˣ˵ѹˮƺ̽ˮʵ
Ҳ֪ʲôˣֻ֪ǸһȺҪȥϵŮˣôˮӶԷѹ
üëһšƺҪŭųҲƽôƺҲûж⣬Ҳ֪ɽİɣ粻Ϸȥһûκζ⣬ϲύѡ
ˮ΢Цſˣ࣬ϵĺˣ컹飬˭ɱɽҲ˵ΪҺͶԷг˵ϻҵģȹЩӣϾͻ֪ΪһѶԷ𡣡
ˮ˵仰ƽǲЩ˶֣Էʶ̧ٵĻǾû취ˣ˵Ժʨвɽʱһ˰Լɲ
ɢԼֻҪʨŪ÷ֱĻһвһģϾڵĵǺεȷḻھ޴ǰʲôпعоʨﲻҲʹˮ
ڻûеһˮָоʨ벻ô׵İƽҪ֮ǰһЩ·бҪ
ãȻҲͲٴСֵˣСֵȥɽֱ˵ʿͻ˴ҵҡЦŻӻִɢ뿪ˡ
ˮҲǻӻ֣΢ЦŵƽޱȣҲ֪ΪʲôЩ˿Σյʱ治ɫⲻʲôãΪڱ˿ΣգǰֵһᣬΣգȻ治ɫֻԼΪΣΣոΣյʱҲᾪʧġ
ɽһ˴ţҲû̫ȤˣԴȥڸȻϢһط
ɽʯǳļӲӲһ㣬ȴǲһЩֲӵֲһ͸ǰһЩСݣϸҶԴ͸ӲƬ
ֲ󲿷ֶɰ֮ģԾͦΣرïܣֲ쳣׳һɽֲرïʢֻлɽϲŻʲôҲûУͺͺġ
㿴øߣȥӪɣ
˳ɽʩչξкָһرߵλ˵
ãʲôġˮЦ˵Ůû˵ˮ̤߳ȥ䣬ûжԶͻһ򣬿ȡϺů졢شҲУˮһкݴ½ܴһоܴüͬش̫ˡ
ˮԶرߵλãȻٻͷߴϵ͹λڿẮشĸоûбѩĺ·Ҫ˹һ

ͻȻһͷһЩпһЩĴ˵ɽⲻ˵˵ɽ̲
ȷе˵ֻһɽϵһ㣬˵̺֮
ˮ𾪵ĿԶĸߵ㣬Ｄޱȡ
ﲻ֮ɣ
ŮˮͻȻסĿعЦЦ˵ûп
Ůһ㶣еĲ⣬ее㲻ŵĿԶǸߴ仺˵ôɰɣ
Ҳоôɣǿǿ׬ˡˮЦű˵ߺͼŮСǸߴȥ
ʲô߱ʡ
Ҳ̫˵ɽǴ˵еĴڣҪã𽥻γ֮ľ֮ɽֻ֮һ㣬һλþ˵ǿϴ塢ޣʹ֮ǳЩǴ˵治Ͳ֪ˡˮЦ˵
ȥҪͺˡ˵ˮٵŸߴȥ
һ˽ŷĺܸߣԶʱǻֱϣȻܸߣվԶʱ֪ôĸߡ
һ鷽ԲҲǧ״С̤ȥʱΧ̹絶ĺȻˣһůĸо
һˮˣﰴ˵ӦģŨȴûκһֲµʯͷҲǱĵطף֮һжֲʵĴڡ
ĺͱ𴦲ͬɣݺӾȵĿΧȻٿµʯ档
ˮʯϼ̤ʯͷ˿һˮһ㶣ôӲ
뵽طӦòǵһˣӦû˲²ﻹģ˵ʹȡ
ˮͼŮڸǲʲô֣ȻкΣûб̫Ļ롣
һжܸܵŨңֻҪƽǰҲˣƽƺѶȡߵˮЦ
Ӧòã֮ۼˣҲƽƽҲûãֻܱŰݻ٣ҪȡġҪñİ취罫շ߳ˮ˵
ʲô취أɻ˵
Ҳ֪ˮҡҡͷ˵
пȡķ֪ǲģ뷨Ͼۼһٽпշݺüƺܷ˵
ݺƺ˵˵Ϊ˵ĺܶ˶ûݺ˵ʲôһԵˮȴ۾һݺӺ޲ȥڣϧСֻˣֻÿסԼֳ嶯
һ£ݽ˵ǲġˮЦ˵

ˮλȸλ׻λλݺǰ˵Ũǿյķʽ
λ
ˮصģۼأһ뷨õŪҲпܳɹһ뵽ͼޱȣΪر󣬲Ƕ˵ģÿ˺޶ֻնپͿ˵ĻԵ컯ˣõõĺô޷Ƶġ
󣬻Ȼˮг߹꣬г˲ܵɾһ仯ӦСһЩһŻȥḴԭģѪͳˮоӽʣµİ׻λԼ
ˮԼްڹ˺ܶΣ߹ɾҲռλͷЧá
ˮվ˰׻λ

ܿһɵ𣬽ˮֻӰܿһ㵭Ȧһӽ֮ΧصѸٵĳ
ŮΧɢƽıǿʱѹ֡ʱƮʱءʱɱ

һһĺгƵĺСĺУУÿһ֮󶼻֮ܵǰǿһЩ
֮飡
ϽͻȻʢǷһһĽֱ


1093 Сɣ
Ͻ貣һ̵ĺˮоһԶ쳹˵飬ׯء¸ϡ
ˮиŽı仯ҲŽ¡ĶļŮСֶĿššš
ʱһĹȥѾһǿĸ߶ȣХϣϵĽʵһ㣬ȴûиܵ¡ʲô仯
ѵ
ˮɻ󣬲ûֹͣ߶һͨŽӣǿ͹ͨһ
ʱȥˣŮûʲô仯ˮͼֻޣоϣеãʵһʼҲеãرݺӡŮΪҲ֪ѵá
֪ΣǸоûѵˮ飬һֱˮ԰쵽ϣĿеˮ
Ѿһˣ֮£󷨵´͸˺ܳܳľ룬ƺߵĸоٶԽԽɾֹơ
շӴȻԴΪǴӵص³ˮһ
Ѿֹˣ
ˮüģһѸһ貵Ĺ㣬ȻһֱֻӴ߶Ź䡣
һ
ͬʱ߹ҲǹԼԪȻɫڹתɽɫ˽ϡ
֮Դ
ҳ壡
ѾͻȻͷһȥǰǿʢų棬ָо졣
ˮ֪жҲ֪ǲһϣҲҪԣܳʲôı궼С
ѸٵĴţһδһʱ䣬ٶٴǿƽȵǰš
ٶһˮֵǣΨȫ߶󣬻Լͻ߹Ҫȫʩչ׼ˡ
أ
һֳͻȻĸоָоˮ֪ǸϲǣΪͱ־ŵףıϡ
ЩܣȻ˰ı֮ҲпǱĶʯͷҲʲôģˮԸǰıϡ
ء
оƺûгƵƣˮУ岻Ǿ͹һˣͣڱϳš
һҵʱ䣬ˮüͷ϶һϸܵĺ飬ģʲôҲûУҲҪƣϺ澿ʲô
ˮľĳһĪչʱ򣬵ľɽͻȻĹӹ⻬Χס˽𵤣ûüȵˮ͸оһƲɵϢ˳Ź㡢Žµȥ
ٶȲǺܿ죬ȴƴͣǷ·һ޴ɽǰƽԴݻһУ޼᲻ݵơ
ܻ
ۣ
һˮĸоײоǱһЩƣһϲ͵ٴγ˹ȥ
أ
ʶƺѵıϣžһصƣܾյϢ˳
ˮ۾
ػ
ˮҴ⣬ȻϸȴǰԵ֮ػֱס󣬽֮Ѫλֱϴӵĵط

ĺϷ˷ܺΣ

һ޴ֺԶζϣһĵͬʱϽʢ
ˮҴ⣬Ȼ˵Ầ˺ޣǲȡһ˺ֻһɾһҲǳ
ϧ֮һֻǧꡢľԪɵһ㲻ܶ࣬һ򿪣жþͻɢ޷棬ֻ޺ա
Ҳһʱ䣬뿪λ澡йˮǽһۣǰ˽ȻѸк׼á
һͲҪάˣˮ˲ϣǵһ徻طġʲô
ˮȽϮĵطǲǵһȥҪǿȥûΣգüŮȥðա
ֱӳ壬ûʲôʸУȪһҲ¶ȸһˮһе̵ģȴر
ڻ˶ҪǵĽ𵤿ʼѸٵתȵлС
иѪأԼ蹬ĵ鶼˶ڷ΢ȴۿɼı仯еɫѪжһƽƣҪǹʱȫ˵ɫҲֻˮԼܿϾ

ǰĹͷֻŵ⣬ȴǳ˵ɫȵͼˮ𺳣ǿ
ˮоһַǿһܿˮоѾǰһ˲ˮܵʶеһʶ
Сɣ
ѵΪȫΪɫ
ˮܣѸ뿪Ŷˮһ߿һʲô⣬϶֡
һƺȶһʱҲѸ뿪ϹſĵЦݺ;ϲƺ̶̲ס
żŮǰС֣ǴŶڴ㣬һʱ䣬һʱҲ£ˮȵСҲǴʱ䡣û˵ŮҲǺǿСҲǲףҲͲ֡
ˮСֻмŮϴӹ֮󣬾ޣҶѸԵгѸٵϡ
࣬׬ı󡣡￪ĵĿˮϴڵѾ׶ΣѾϸѾû޿ˡ
Ȼϸ٣̫˷ˡݺ̲סջһֻ˵
ǰ˷Ҳ˷ѡˮгʷ䣡
ˮûдо˷ѣֻڶˣֻʣԼһЩյˡ
ʷڸǲˮҲûдǲսʲôģ̫˷ˡ
ʷÿһҲܴһʱ䣬ˮʷడа˰ֻҡ
ʣֻʱʧĸɸɾģˮûյֻʷǸоϧһθı˵Ļûˡ
ΧȺޣмŮԼС֣һϹޱȵ㣬ʱˮһֻ첲ʱķЦ
ôģõôܶɣ
ҲоʵǣҪϤ˵ž뿪ޣ޺಻ͬƺѾϰ߱ʵ
һ
Щ޵ʵ֮ǰһǶôֲʵɱһЩһЩ֮ѪǿˡΪ֮Ѫ̫ˣ֪˶ٴһ˿֮Ѫˣһ֮
ˮܵ޴󲿷ֶһʵֻǵһʵҪǸıʣ޻࣬һʵǵǰĺôԺĺô͸˵ˡ

1094 ľ޴Ч춨
ʱˣɴϢˣȻôĶˮڻ治˭¡
ܶ޷棬ˮֻֻûʷ䣬֮أһЩʷʾһв
ͼŮкҸҵطȥոı仯ˣˮҲһεĵطɾ
ʱɾѾ˲ʱ䣬ˮģ¾첻ܽɾҲġ
뵽кܶԼ׽ûյоܿϧֺöҲǿԵģѾô˵õ˺ôû˷Ѿ֪ˣֻԼͼֻĻǲǱ
һܵ˵ǺܺõģŴʱĽ󣬽࣬ҲΪе֮ѪϾΪʱе֮Ѫǰǿܶࡣ
ʵڵǧǣԭİ˰ٶڵǧǣˮˬֱĺô
֮սõʮʵ
֮ˣһ˺üã֢ҩô棬һ½ڷһ¡
ˮѸٵİѽҲһ£һЩ仯Ǻǿġ
çײ޲𹥻ʮĿꡣ
̤Բ磬ʮı幥һļöԷ֫ľ޷ж
˲ǧ֮˲Ծ
ս˲һɵԷǿɱĿɵٶȣһʱ
ԱǿˣսʱҲˣĹĿ͹Ҳ
շħʩչǧ֮ڵĶĿ꽵һɵʵĿ겻Գʮʱһʱ
ͻ˲䷢幥Ŀ꣬ıĹ
桢ۼûб仯ûб仯ʵΪڱǿҲǿ˺ܶࡣ
ڽڽͻʱԴﵽʮǣɾҲӽһĹͻյһֻһ޵ľһ޵ֱӹ
ԽʹʮǵʵϧعԽǿĹҡ

ˮͷ룬˵ͷ룬ͷѾԴʵҲǴӡ
ӵı˺ܶܶ࣬ɼҲʺϽ
ıʵﵽһǧǣֱӺͽһ
ڤ죬սģӱ߱ʵʩչһսļ룡
սҲûнǿ
죺ʩչ״̬£湥ʱÿʹʮΣʱܵ˺
ûʲô仯Ҳû̫ı仯󣬱֮ǰ׳ϵۼҲӼ̣ϵıŰͻȻ˺ܶ౶ûһ㺩Ϣһֻޡ
ͷڶһž޴ԴԴ֮ǰĶҪɫеƣλþȻм䣬ˮе㾪ȡ
ͷڵıʵͻһﵽһǧǣˮܾȣܺͷͻȻͻйϵҪӦòôǿ
Ԫͷ츳սõʵġ
˽ͻı仯оͷеˮ֪һҲѾܱ̬ˣͷҲؼ֣ߡ
˿ƣͷԷһ˿ڰ˰Ҿйƣٶȼ죬˿ճԺͶԸǿ
˿ɣʹúٶʱһӣÿʹΡ
ûʲô仯ֻˮһս
ףͷһļ̡Լ˿ļ̡ճԼԡһ־
ˮ֪ͷѾǿˣϴӺѾ̥ˣҲˮһֻǿĿϵޣԺϣӳǿս
޵ıʵ˲һǣ廹һ״Сֻǿƺӵԡ
֮ӱ屶ʵͶԣսġ
ʶиʾ綾
屶ٶȣսġ
ʵҲǴӣʵҲǿ˲١
ˮ޵ʱ̲סЦˣû뵽һٴθˮһСľϲ
ʵǧǣ
׻壺޵Ķе˱ʵģתܵмʽԷסͬʱԵԷй
׻ǿĵǿ׻֣ıʵĹٷְԶԷʱͶԷʵйϵÿʮʱʹĴΡ
׼ףսףԵĳɵ;񹥻
սõٶȣ
ЩõһЩ֮⣬ĵûû䣬޵ǿٶȻпϣԵɵйǿϵޣ㣬ǿҲԶԣҲǴ˵еĴڣкܴĿܽɴ˵ޡ
ˮ³ֵսһ١
ͬھԼ˳ɵƻȡԷ˳ɵƣ˺ͬӣҲʹÿµĹ֣˫ܵ˺ͬھֱ˲ҪĿ
һֻʹһΣʵʱɹʺܵͣ
ˮЦˣ̫ˣ˲ԼͶԷ˳ɵƣ˳ɵƻжˡ
սڱҲֻȲѵʹãò󣬵޲ͬ޵񼼣Ϊ׵
׵ڷгӵ⼫ǿʹ׵˲Լ߳ܵƣָƵٶȼӿʮʱʱÿʹ֮Ҫһʱ
߹ı仯ҲǺܴģģһ仯ֻ˵ɫͷȻѾףǰ߹꣬Ϊʱȴһ֮ǰǿܶࡣ
ʵﵽǣ
߹֣꣬ԶѪһ˵ľļɣɾ˺
߶ӱ屶ʵ
һ㣬ǧ׷Χ֮ںһѹѹ塢ӡ綾Ч˵ʵйϵ
һˡˮһãӵЩع򷴶ûôˣ޺ʲôˡ
Լ޶ǿˣһҶ軹мŮĶǳҲͷˮޡͷǻкѱļֻ㹻ǿˮļֻҲʼǿرǽ
ڻյĵ£ֻǺǿˣܵعԲҲԽԽС
ֱ棬ϴӺԺʱʵӵĸ죬Ȼʵӵĸ졣



1095 ֮
ʵʷ±ϴӺûܽۼ𣬵ˮоӦÿԵģҲ䡣
ʵû˿仯ϳɾһ羰
ֻһʷ䵹ʵͻȻڵʷҲޣαܶ࣬ˮоҲһǱ߻ڷı䡣
Լһж˾޴ĸı䣬Щ޶ԼԺĳɾ͸ǷͬѰǼŮǸԵޣѾݺӡ
бʥʯָ
һֱڣˮԼҲ˺ܶģյĶ٣һǵһʶ˵ԼľﵽСɡ
ѵָɵɫ𣿡ˮɻ̳ʶȥǵʶбʵڴ
Сɣǿ׳ʯ֮ĸֻܡԡȫһ
ͼ֣ȴˮϲѾ͸ܵˣֻǲ׼ȷȷ϶ѣܵԼıʵң͵ľɽӵĲ࣬Թǹ֮
ǰˮϹǿѾ˹ͷϳֵĽ⣬ԽߣЩĽҲԽֱ࣬Ӵ߻ȫ˵ɫ
ϹǿԼΪѾǺˣ˾޴ƶãûƻҪܾúܾõʱ䡣
ʵһǧǶһ㡭
ˮģžϲǳڲ䣬п񱩵ֱ̤ն̫ȭ
Զַеõ޴ĺôû뵽һǾ޴ľϲԶַҲѷɫʲô
ޣ
֣

ˮڿб۾ûйֵʹȫһѭĴ̫ȭе͹ȸõںϡ
һ죬ˮɾԺ׵Ľľ磬ȫĵͶ룬ЧǾ˵ġ
ϹǿѾﵽ۷壬ֻҪٿһͻƵ쾳磬ˮȴǷְңңڣֻһȴǷ·ǧ֮ңһ
Ϣһ£Ե㶫żϤͻԭĻˮʵһ֮Ĺﵽ˿µʮǡ
ΪܵعƣʵɽȷʵԳֵʵˣҲһĴڡ
عҲܴﵽʮ£ɽΪǶԭԿԴﵽʮ£ˮоֻƾ嶼ݺֱײˡ
ʥʯЩֱˮ켸öָǿʥʯ󣬵ȴǿԶʥʯָҪ˾һöҲ˶С
ڶˮȭһˣΪ֪ȫûϢһֱϤͻȻʵǿɲˮɾ
󿴵ˮֻǴкҲҸյط̫ȭ糿ն֮ʱˮҪÿ糿ǰʱĹؼ¼ֵܵϴӺôֻ࣬Ҫǲ˷ÿʱ䡣
緹ʱˮͣȥ緹ˣնǶʱ䣬ŮƺҪʱ䣬Լ֣Ҳǡ
һֱ˵ʱ򣬴ҲͣһҹһǾһγԷǳ˺ܶ࣬θڴ󿪣˵õԭɡ
Ůʵ˺ܶ࣬һϵԭˮǵʵǰ˶֮࣬Ȼֻ˵ʵعѹƺʣûˡ
һϺܹؼˮɾǰһںϡеԺȻеٶȻܿ죬Ҳֻǰ
ˮûм뿪ǸιУһ𹥻ˮ浶ǹдҲǸøϤ
һֱǰŶֱʩչУʱһȻӪŸϢ
һǸоеĺôǿʱرҪʱ·ĻһᵢϾûоеĻֻͣһطˡ
һ·ϵҲƽޱȣżһЩޣֱӱ޸ܣ
ʱڲ֪йȥŮСֵʵȹǵʵˮе¶ǲǴǼȥޣ
ٴλصһҶڵĴԺʱһǺܿģһҶ򸾿һҶ衢ˮĻرĿġ
չ嫿ˮҲǺܿģˮЦǰ˵һЩʲôһҶ衢һҶ˵ʲô
ˮһԶַջôչ嫺ˮԺкˮߺȲ˵
ǸʯɽȻǲܺһЩݻĵطȣ徲һﲻܱȵľ
ܺãǺô޴󣬶ˣүүȥ棬˳Сˮվүȥ
ﲻԶɽֱһտĵطóһӡ޵ƣųһֻӰħץģһֻڻֻ
ˮڲֶܽӰħס
չȴǾĿˮŰӰħһ仰Ҳ˵
үү͸ƿҩСˣι£ԺϵˮЦ˵
ˣˮүүˣòˣҵһɡչ΢ЦҡҡͷܿĵĿˮ˵
үүһҲɥʧƴͶҲһ뿪ȫҲҸȫˮЦ˵
Ϊβ⹫ѱأչ˵
⹫УĸҲеģǸģ⹫ֻֻһģʱҲ顣ˮЦ˵
һչûƴǣ˳ѱһˮչ嫵仯ҲǸպðѵͼʥ޵ҩ档
չ嫵ʵˮԼŮ̫ˣûпɱԣǰˮ׼ý룬Ѹٲȡʩȴ쳣˳
չѱǿرĿģʱоһǰ֪޵ľʵѾܺⰵӰħͨˣ֪ⰵӰħʵȵ嶼ڲ
ˮ׼һҶһֻģһҶ˵ãͻһǿޣû̫ĺôĵҩʲôġ
ˮҲοһҶѾ㹻ǿָһһҶҲǴ´࣬˵һҶѱʦһҶҵǿѱ޷·Ӧѧ١
ͼʥ޵ѱˮֻҵ˻ΪѾûпͻƵļϡ
һηرķʢҲ࣬ϵĴЦһҶͯƺرճһҶùãһҶвͣ˵ʲô
һҶĵģҵʧɢŮãǿǰʨ룬ȥֻضǰǱѪծ


1096 ̤ʨ֮;
һٷ˺ܾõʱ䣬ɫ磬һҶˮȥߣ˳Ҫ̸
ˮһҶ߳Ժ䣬һ߳ȥǴ⣬ںƽǿʵѾʲôзˡ
ʫʳ̻һŮƽѱˮɽĴڣ֮ȻûʵԵͻƣ˴֮䶼׽·
ʨһؿڣֻʨˣһҶŻ߳Ӱ˵ֻʨŻĿ֣Żеİ
ˣڲɣˮϴ΢ЦһҶ裬̲סȤһ䡣
ңһ㡣һҶƽЦװˮһֻۣе鶼Ϊ΢ЦеȻ
⻹ҪҺ豦ˮζЦš
ˡһҶװܲ˵ӣѵ¶СŮĿɰ̬ˮ
ˮٺٵЦסһҶģ˵ĻֱӹˣǺǵЦţǺʲôʦ
һҶ˵ֺˣһֱܹ˼ʦԼͽܳΪޣȻһֱûгϹʦͽϵûн̹ʲôģǺں
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һҶεЦЦҲͲپˣҲûа취Լֲ֪ʲôʱʼϰˡ
ˮһҶ֣ѾҪɽľ޴̫ţƽˮһжõһ淢չ
ˮѾ͸ɩɩ˵Ҫȥʨ룬ҪһȥСͯҲҪȥҲûֹһҶ˵仰ʱܳء
ˮȻ֪ʲôЦſʲô㣬Էûġ
һҶ迴΢ЦŵûпЦɫ̾˿ûҾͲȥʨ룬е㲻ҲǼҲڵһʧȥֲ˵õԽԽʧȥ
裬ڵʵоԵ̤ƽʨ룬˵ֳȥҲУһϣɩӺСͯˮʲô
ˮߵļŮҪȥ˵ʲôҲˮͷۣǰֻһҶԼչǰʨģû뵽;һҶһңǾ޴ľϲˣһžۣҲһҶѹ˲٣Ͼһֳһе
ãҾ˵磬ôɩСͯһҶЦ˵
ұҺ㻹үүȥģȥݽ㡢ҲҪȥˮƽ˵֪Ҫʲô
һҶĬˣҴʱҲ̣Ȼ֪Ǻˮ֮Ĺϵ뵽Ŀˮ
ˮͻȻܲоƺûд·һ㣬ƺҲв˼費ң˵һԲһ죬Ϊҿ£ڵȲҾʹ㡭
ҺϱǷģⱲӻǷģⱲȴҪʼծһҶ迴ˮִٲЦ˵
ˮƽǷǵģЩǷµĶԶģߣⱲӡ±ӡ±
һҶ۾һĿˮЦˣû뵽һﻹ˵ôĻǲƭֵġ
ˮӣһǵһ˵Ҳое飬ֻǰ˵ʱûио
ˮɫһҶȴǺܿģûбֳǰܵˮ˵Ļǳڱģ˵ʲô黰
ˮȥΣհɣһҶʵҲܿģǳ˺ˮйϵ⣬ڱ˴Ҳһף׽һ
ûʲôΣգʥʯָԱˣѾ׼һ͸ȲѵʱҲܱˮЦ˵
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һҶ費ɵ˵ʥʯָʲô̶Ҳݼڣ֮ԶԼĸôΪԼ
豦ƺ˷˵Ļˡ
ˮһ̷ָֻ̲ͦסʱ˵˵ػǴһء
ˮ΢ЦſŽ糺Ůסֳ嶯˵
һΰɣһҶеӲ˵ӲȴǶǣ̬
ˮ֪ҲǰٵԼ
ܿЦǾͺɣ
˵㻰˾ͲܴҡһҶ΢΢ͷ˵ˮֻû뿪Ļŵĵط
ϲ㣡
ʳ̻ˮסˣɵļˣ֪ģǰһҶ˵ǲ˵Ҫһ£ǽͦΣָһû뵽һҶĺǺ滹һ䡣
ˮʲôҲˣһӰرססʱһ
һҶ΢Цţ˫§סˮı
һҶ裬ò̧ͷϻ۵ŵŮӣȴ޷ĸоʥؽ࣬¡
صԺʱɫҲˮһҶһöʥʯָһҶ죬˵һҶ죬һҶӺһҶͯ
ˮǺͼŮСԼչ嫶ڴˮ˼ǲǸˣٴκ
˺ܾãûһͬģŮ΢ЦĿˮֻܵͷͬôһǰŮŶ
ˮʵҲ֪𰸣ѾһΣ⣬ǵ飬ȥǣѹοѾԱܰ²æ
ȥˮĻˮȥҲȥġ
һҶѾˣһҶӺһҶͯӦŮҲ֪ȥ˷ǣǷģԴӦ
һٴ·ʨķ˵֮أĳǳضѩһ
·ķʽֻþУżҲ޷ϰ죬٣һҶЩӲ֪ˮĹǣԼ÷ǿĿ£ļɫŮҲŮˣȻûбǣһҶ컹ǿЩʲô
ŮֹͣһҶҲˣҺܿ̿࣬Ψչ嫺ˮУûºȸʲôģڸתתܲʲôҲóʹһ
ˮУҲΪǶһˮ˵С˼չһԴ־͸ˡ
·ĵģŮһҶ졢СΪˮչ嫻ڸת͵Σֻˮ󲿷ʱҲȥָһ±˵
ǣ
һ·ϴ˺ܶǣûôͣҲûиˮʲôӡֻڵǳظˮӡҴͣ졣
ʵĺǣƵپ޴ıҪȥʨҪⱱԱλѾǺˣϼشˣʵʵ࣬ͨݵԶŴҲڼش


1097 ţ
һǳĳǳأ·ָϣϱߵĲļ䣬ԼλһļǺĶ졣
Ǵһ£죬Ȼٸ·ɣˮһڱǵ̨£һ޴㳡ɽ˺Ҳرࡣ
ʥݵع㣬˲ϡݴ½嫣ڳǳغͿҰҰ޵ĵ̣޳ȺһЩð߻߸·Ķڻ
Ұлг־޴ĳǳأЩǳԼΧһЩҰڳǳصΧߴ̵ĳǽҪǳǧڵߣΪ˼ΪԼȫǳصսȻ޶ĳԵĺܶ඼ޡ
˺޾˲֪꣬ÿ춼гǳرûҲһЩµĳǳؽʧɢ˵˿ڽ롣
ڴ½ƽģ½˿Ѿ޷㣬ÿǳص˿ڶ࣬ϾǳصĹģͬ½ĳǳʮƣһЩ֮ǸǷޱȡ
Ȼ˶࣬㹻˵ͨ˵ʶǺǿֵϺǿ
һᣬȥɣɣһǵ̨Ϳĵ˵
Ҳҵ¥ȥɣˮס죬ǵҼŵĵط
ҪȥֱڱҸ¥ɣʵڲУǾɳ̲סҲ
ã㡣ˮЦŴ
һҶ쿴ˮϹŵ΢ЦοŮĸˮ֮ѾˣһҶ趼˵ˣЩӿ̹
ĸİΰģûκ˽棬ԿĵĶԼŮã濪ĺ͸мο˻Լ÷
̨λڱǵĵشˮֱʩչһξУ˱ǵı棬ȻԼڵģȻֱӾ͵˱Ͽˡ
һ޴ݻűȥ
ܿѾԶԶĿ˱Ÿ߸ߵĺȥ̲ľԿԶ̲ϵӰ
֣ͣɣˮѾ˺ϵĴżݳЦ
ϣ
Ǯ³ﺣϵĽֵĽֵɢһֵķ񣬺ϵĺ紵һζ˵϶ôţҲš
ľ¥ܶ࣬ȻһҰһңϲ׾һΪǺߣÿ춼Ǻܶ࣬Ծ¥Ĳҵ㣬ǳԷסһ֡
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ǿǲǻз䣬еĻﶩ°ɣˮƮȻɵоһ
֣
ûߵſڣͿһңдһЩ֡
˴ѰĪԸ
򵥵ļŶЩͣһ¾뿪ˣʱһŪ飬ӽͽȥ
ˮͷȥһʵӣüĿɫ޳ȳƣһӼһս״ԵӢ䲻ֻϵɫ̫ˣһ˲
طվסðǰЩһǿ߽ȥʲô
ʱһһӰߵǰߣһȵˣһˣһƵеϣԼһϽһζ
ΧʱҲͣһЩˣϾڷشһԸ֪ηһЩСߴȥᱻֱĳĵĻͷûʲôˣǱ
壬Ǹôˣطƺܺ档
Ǻǣľ¥⿪ţȻܽȥͻᱻӴҵߵģҲȫģֻܽȥ̫ˣϴһͼ۵߽ȥûһˣһ󷨣ʵԽǿȥܵ˺ԽǿһͷĲܵʲô˺ʵǿȴǿˣء΢Ц˵
壬ѵûܽȥ𣿡ƺǲʡ
Ȼǣͨ󷨵˻ܽȥʵÿϼÿ춼һԽȥЦ˵
壬㾫ͨ󷨣ܲܽȥ
ûԹŵ󣡡ƺһ
ţԭ˾ŵĲҵĿ˾Ӿ̾
ţˮɻĿһҶ軹ݺӼŮ
ݺЦ˵źصһɣ˵ҲһµĴڣǰ޵ԶŴʹſš
ˮһ㶣ԶŴʹ󶼱ſţڲ֪ݺ֮Ĵʹǵͻ˫ͣ˵ǱߵĴʹûйϵ
ϱʥݵһǿʵɣˮʥЩƺû˵ִڡ
һ㲻֮Ҳû˸ȥǣһɳȻƺǶ֮Ĵڡݺ˵
ȥԣҡˮЦŸŮ˵֪žǹԶŴʹˮ͸Ҫȥˡ
ҪСġ
֪󷨲ΣգǶˮһ䡣
İɣûµģ
ˮ˵ֱӽ󷨣һȥ͸ܵһ䣬·һˮϵһҶۣƺһ־޴ѹѹţʵܵһӰ졣
ͻȻǰһƬ޴ɽңСɽһХž޴ˮһЦһȭ
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һֱӽ޴СɽһɽҲǧ̫һ衣
ٴγɽң󣬸࣬ˮ̤вˮһֻһ㣬⡣
ˮǰŲæţ֪Ļıˡ
ͷչȥֱӳһƬΣ¿еϵǾ綾֮˷ˮΧȥζ˷θССĶݴС󡣬˶ĵĶҺ
Ȼ
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ˮһȦİ𣬾Ǿһ㣬ΧĶֱӻΪʧߵʧ
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ˮҲ÷ϻֱгɽХ˹ȥƬ簲ˣ󷨺ʧˮһУһ鷿һķ䣬еӣҲܴˮȴǿм䣬վһ΢Цſˣƺ꣬ƺֲһɫ£⣬һֵȻ
˾ӣ˵Ϣͦϵġ
ãóȻ˵أּ£ˮЦűȭ
˵˵ôƺ̧ЦŻ


1098 磬սĸ֮
ҽˮˮЦ˵
Ŷ˵ֻеҽ硣΢ЦߵˮԶ˵
ɣֵ󷨺ǿ󡣡ˮǰпԸܵĲԼɵĹأԼʵǿ֮⣬ԼһЩÿƶԷ˵ǿƺܶƵĴڡ
ֵǫˣһеģֵܼȻܵҿֵҲһʣߣҴҷɡЦ˵
磬滹Ҽѣ㿴ˮżŮС֡һҶ졢չ嫵˻档
ѾˣߣҴȥǡ˵ͷȥ
һȥһͥԺ濴龰ȫͬǰ󷨾Ȼһ֮ǰˮûкúÿƭˡ
濴öˣһׯ԰濴ֻڿСׯԺݳޱȣû˵ɽˮһ˼ɾĸо
߳䣬ׯ԰ſǿ˼Ůǣ΢Цߵ繰֣ˡ
ˮֵܣü⣬Ӧõģ㴳ЩӦõģߣҴȥׯ԰ЦŻһȥ
һȥˮȻ˲࣬Щ˵ģܾȣ֪󷨾Թǿģû뵽ô˴ɼ½ʿǺܶġ
磬˶ס𣿡ˮɻʵ
ѵģֻҪĶѵģֻҪסģ￪һǾסһ죬ԷֳȥСׯԺȫˣת֡ЦŽ͵
ˮһ㶣ģΪܴǾʲôʱǸҲ˵˾Ӳƴ֡
ܿ͵һ̫Զׯ԰Ǻܴ󣬵סˮһǴ´࣬С¥󣬶ġ
һжոµģ˾ɨˮֵǸȥһ£һҸˮֵǽӷ硣ЦŰˮ͵ׯ԰ſڣݸˮһԿס
ȫԿףЩʵҲû̫áԿ׸ˮЦˡ
һȥǺȵ㡣ˮ米Ӱ˵
Ҳãֻ̧ӻӡ
ɫ¥ɫ¥󣬲Ǻܴ󣬽ȥһɫ¥һǴΧһЩʩԡҡСͲֿʱһЩĶ
ϵ¥ҪңмǸС͵ĿСΧǸңҺܴʵ䣬鷿ҵȡ
ŮȻȥסɫĽ¥¥¥㹻סˣׯ԰¥󣬷䶼࣬˵һȾոµġ
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ҲѾ׼ˣӦýˣȳ԰ɣõˡˮЦ˵
ǵһɣǲĻǾͿԡһҶ˵
ǺãһӵʱҲͲҪˡ

ˮסĵطſڲԶ¥һȥȻϯѾںã΢Цˮϯ
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һǾ仰ֵһʣҪ˵ǧ׵ã֪󡣡ЦźˮЦ
ҲǣʱƺͶԿҲǺУ粻ֵơˮ˵Ҳĸоǰ˲ȣ꣬Ҫʵ
úã֮ãֵܺһ
һ˼ͣЦ˵ֵ㾪޾׵ﲻ֪Ǹɡҳ
˵ĺɣҲ⣬˸оǿȥ̽ѰԷһ
ǴģҲֵˡˮЦ
仰֪ܺ˵Ļ˵ԷԼңϾԼϵǲ˵ġ
Ŷֵܵļҵ׵Ǻܺ񣬲ȻҲֵˡ
˵Цˣ˵ŵģ˾ѵֵһ𣿡ˮĺɻ
ŵģֻһ֧ѣķ֧ǹ̶ģһɣڷֺö֧ÿһζ̨һһ֧ǻػνĴʹ󣬵¸һ֧ǣͬʱ˾ӡǺЦš
һһ֧ػԶŴʹ󣬶ͬʱӪ˾ӣʵȴǳȻĴڣݾҲǿĴڡ
ʵܴﵽʲôΣˮЦ˵ʵܺġ
˵ǵݵʵݵʵˮ˵
ݵʵɣˮЦ˵
䣬ҵʵҲֻ㲻ǺܲĳȦӣʵݺܸӣһֵȥݵĻҵǱ߸˵Ʊˮλ˵
ˮ뵽̨˵Ļƺﲻֵܹ˵ݵҲͲٶ˵Ʊһ
磬һҾҪȥݣ֪ǴʹҪ׼ʲô𣿡ˮ¾Ʊʵ
ʲôģÿҪʮʵڵÿǰݵʱܶ࣬ԻһЩΪеûڵ˵ġЦ
ûйϸ˵Ѿ֪ˣЦ˵лл磬˵
ҵȻ֪˵ʵͬҲ̳벻ףȻ㾳硣˵仰еܡ
ֻ˵ֵܵеáˮһ䡣
Ҳû϶˵ǶǴˣ֪ʲô˵ʲô˵Ȼûж˵Ҳ֪һЩϢ

ˮصСͥԺʱɫҲˣŮѾˣڿƺڵˮ
ȥͶȥϢˮҲȥ׼ɾ
ɾ⿴Ȼˮʵʵڽ࣬˵ֻԵģϾİʮңνˡ
ڵʵİٶʵǺ׵ģǰһֱûйϣպŸоʵ治Сʵٴ˺öࡣ
ڶ죬Թ緹кͳȥˣרŵ·ߣſ󷨵λã·ˮʲô顣
вǵʵݲʮʵ£е벻ףѵʵݶʲô
ˮ뵽˵Լڵʵ̳ô˵ͬкԼȼġ
ԣˮȻ뵽һ⣬粻֪ԼʵʵرԼʵԣɵļʷɽ˼ǲԼȫʢʵ
ʲôˮһ̲סʵ
㣡ˮЦЦ˵
һˮһۿˮԶһ㡣
ﵽɳ̲ϺܽҲͲʮ·Ժܿ͵ŵɫɳ̲ϡ


1099 ˮ֮Ѫһ
ɳ̲ϵɳһֵɫԶԶȥرĸоټϵɫıǣرƯ
ܾǰˮĵطĺӼɫıǣǶμ붼оͦõġ
ɳ̲ϵ˺ܶ࣬˵ˣҲкܶںϷۣЩ඼ͨˣû似ȻܶҲߣһۿġ
ߺһͨ˶ǷֿģȻҲһЩߵļ˻ʲôģ߲ϴЦһЩˮӾ
󲿷ֵĺһǳرǿǶǰȫ֮أǲֺеޣ֮ˮҰѾ̫ввǺЩײޡ
ȻǾ͸ǵ񡣡ˮͼŮߵһһĺ˵
Ŷ񣬵ɿģʲô񰡣ˮ˵
ѾͷʵԼкôǲǵýǵĳϫӡˮЦ˵
ŶŶ֪ˣǿˮʲôİɣǲǸˮ￪ĵЦˣ˷ܵ˵
ԣˮ֮һ֮Դ޴ڣˮġˮģˮģˮһơûƵˮǾˮûģһõơˮǴȻпµ
ˮ˵ţ˶ţ˼š
ʱԶһľ˳֣һ˲·Ю֮ƣ޿ײ룬һ˲ƺѹȴݻһУһ̾ӸƲɵְ
ˮʹˮ֮ڣʵȶԷʵߵʱսžԵĴݻûжԷʵǿĻҲҪóһǿ֮ġˮƽ˵˵ƺԼҲ
ǿ֮ģ˫ɻʵ
ԣǿ֮ģһǿ֮ģʲôҪɽ̹ȻģֻʩչϫӡʱܷӳˮЦ˵
˫ˮٿԶʱĳֵˣڳϫʱҲῴġҲڿˣνˮ֮
ǿǱߵļҪ׷Ļ񣿡
Զһ˼ˮУͷһ֪ôˣΪǰЩһĸߴ󣬻ҰϢ
Ѫһˣ
ˮһ㶣Ѫһ˿ҲС˵ѪһҲڱĺ֮أû뵽ⱱҲС
Դˣһһ˵һóһŴƤֽչǻˮͼŮСֵĻ
ˮһ̫ˣϾмǵŮ˾úܶ˼סοиߴﴩɮ۵ӣһмּˣɲעĿ
ߣȥǻȥ˵ǻܻصѩȡΪ׵֮ߵһƺһ˵
ЩѪһĿᣬϵҲϣĸߴӴֿĹ֣Ϭͺÿմϱߡ
Ȳţ潻˺ǿҪҪϱ϶ڶ֡Ϊ׵ϣҲǺᣬֺܳĴ
ѵҪǸɫļһϴ㿴ЩŮһò绨ϱǸϼһǿһôҲûаԱߵһ΢ƺܲ˵
Ԫ㻹ᣬҪɫס˫ۣԽƯŮԽжرּŮˣǾЫˣΪӵУƾʲô֤ӵ˵ЩŮеκһ򲻹Ϊ׵˻˵
ϴȥ֪ͨأ˵Ԫͷϵ亹Ѹٵʧ
ˮҲֻ￴ԶЩѪһһۣͲٿˣѪһ֮ˣԶַɱЩˣʹǸ߲ԼɱЩˣɱѣǲֵġ
ŮҲЩѪһˣϾȺ̫ˣʮվһ벻עӶѡ
ôˮƺȥˡݺߵˮʵ
Ǻǣʲôʡ£ȫˣֱһˣҲʡ鷳ˮν˵
ݺЦЦҲ˵Լеˣ緢е㲻ˣܿģô꣬ĽԼҪ
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ǿƣ⾳飬ϫӡˮ֮ˮ֮ƣԼ˵ĻϢ
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һҶĿΪûϫӡԴʱҲֻǿѡ
һҶ磬ھͿ⾳ϫӡҲ°빦ġˮߵϵһҶЦ
޷ˮлл㣡һҶ쿴һкϵ˵ϻһöʥʯָ
ǴһˣαԼˣ̫ԵúܱŤˮЦҡҡͷ
Űӵʱ䣬ŮعȻջܴˮǾЦ˵ǱǸ徲ĵطȥﳢһ£̽һ¡
ŮЦ뿪ˣˮ֪ںҪһ³ϫӡֻһ²֪ﲻ㡣
ˮмҲῴԶȺѪһˣҲûʲôƺڿƺ˵ʲôˮֻǸоеЦ
ûһᣬŮͻˣϴЦݡ
ôˣˮЦʵ
ûҲˡҪٿӵ
ʱԶ˼ֻ޴ޣϺɫľ޴ޣˮ֪ʲôޣױҲѪһˡ
Ǿȱˣ
Щֻ䵽ǰȺѪһߣֻ޴ˣɳֱ̲ŵ뿪
˾һ޳Ӱ΢ЦſԶҡҡͷת˻ȥ
ˮϼŮԼһѪһˣΪ׵һˮǾһ£һ쳣ߴˣӾ׳ҪʵȻﵽ˺ĸ߶ȣֻѪһھߡ
ٶˣһʵҲһµĴڣﶼǽһС
ǸߣҰߡ
Ϊ׵һһڳݲǺȴҲ֪˵ʲô
ˮһ˵֪һǸ߸ϣԸӦúΥԸڵʵҲȷʵ
˭ΪʲôҪߣˮ΢Ц˵ûŭΪЩˮСһ
ŶΪءΪ׵˵
ˮһ㶣ӦǺܳˣֻԼȴû˵˵أʲôû˵
ˮû˵ҲΪ
֪Զһۣߣһʹ죬Ҷ֣һҧ˵ɭ׵쳣Ұһһ˷


1100 ϫӡ۳Ϣ
˵⻰ɱߵЩ˶һֿˮڵˮظоЦ
һֻС͹ǰεĿ㶼Ầһûиоǿߵĸоǿ֮ģ
ˮƺǿ֮ʤһ㣬һ˲Ϣƺһ仯ˣϢɱˡ
ûе˵һ飬ûˮЦ˵
һ㶣еĺһ֪Զһۣߣһʹ죬Ҷ֣һ
һ˵ʱˮֻһ̧֣һźȻоϤϸǸʨҾǳһš
ҲǱһڵݣҺҲ˺ȥֻǿûеʱǰʹ࣬Ѫ
ˮûҪԿͷһݱ飬ѪǸоҲѰ˳ܵģοҪһżСĺ顣
ͨŶһҭҺضߣҶʵ׵ߣԺܣûΣգֻ⺮ǺԣЩȥ⣬˵ûл˵
֪ڻܲ˵һ飡ˮ΢Ц˵
ߵ˶ǴģΪǰˮĺǶٶȿ˵죬ɾûжĿɿڴıȫݻ̵˶ڻʹѪֱ
ò˵ĸߴкô񼦵ĺȥֻôһȻعʱĿˮ
ǰˮֻþסΪ֮ˣº鲻Ҳ㲻Ѫһ˶ǳ嶯ޱȣ²ѪҺԾǲƺ
ɱɱ˸ץˣֵڡ
Ϊ׵˺ĺУ˿ˮŮˣһ۷ŹʲôҲˣֱˮȥ
л˸оԾ仰ջҡˣο߶ԼŵģǲԷҲԼԼҵɣ̫˵ôˣʲô
زǸûӵˣֻˮһǺһըҩһĳ裬ʲôʱܹĳ裬һ˷硣
ųˣˮޱһ֣
ϫӡ
ֻˮ֮䣬һƬˮһа״С֮дϢϢϫӡˮ֮ơ
һǰЩ˾뵽̶֮Уˮѧ᲻õĳϫӡţһһֿ
һкǧ
ˮһӣ׸ߵľ޴ˮĻк£ɽ飬ޣֱ£
ˮ֮
ˮȵˮǿȣѾ̶һ°״ˮһ£һҺɹ֮СˮǷǳģһڱɱ֮ˮ廹ǿоһֱЩ˯⻹꣬ΪˮˮֱӽЩ˽
ûоܳѡ
ֻҪˮ룬ֻƾˮܽЩóҪʱ̫Ϊ߶ںû㹻ʱ޷Էġ
ӿ
ˮǰˮһһƬˮз·һˮг˿µУֿµٶֱӽһӰȥµһֻ޴죬ƺɵһС
ˮȵĿһʧӰҲ⣬ֻƬҲ˽ȥȻʧ
ûо֧ŵĳϫӡܿʧˮڲ֪;ɽһĹôǿǰֿµиܣΪʩչġ
ˮûãһɱҲǵһʹãǳϫӡӡı仯ʽǰЩˮƽʱֻⲨӿҲǿ˾޴Ĳʱøٴǰһ
ˮŻع⳱ϫӡҪӴˣ׼ʨӡʨʲôģû뵽ϫӡֱӽˡ
ŮҲǾĿ˼ЦЦǳϫӡúܿó
ŮϣĿˮϹЦݣϾԼ似ԽǿԽá
ѪһѾʧֻ¼ռˮȻͼŮС֡һҶ졢չȥˣżҲῴϵˡ
Ҫƻʲô
ˮûôעνƱգƹȶûȥˮԺҪúÿԼĳϫӡкô
һֱ磬ˮһ˲ŻȥɱЩѪһˣûʲôоԸЩ˾ҪиֶΣȻֻᱻֹĲȥѪһоԵı
ص˾ӣرԴһһȥſڣˮüŮ˶Ȼȥ
ٴκһ
һˮҲ֪˾Լڱ֮︺Զػ
ˮе㲻ΪʲôΪʲôҪػԶŴѵʲôô
һһɣƺǿкôһɺžΪʲôûأ
磬Զػ󴫹ȥֻһص𣿡ˮɻʵ
ȻǣʵݵݵĴʹֹһ㵽˱ʥݼ֮ؾ֪ˣﴫʹʵкܶ࣬ػ⴫ʹвʵġЦЦ
ˮ֪ˣһռԴȻ˵ǿߺܶ࣬ݹȥҲţҶǴﵽǧϵʵ˵ÿԷһЩţݹȥ˴ûдɽԿʵ£׳ԼɣػԶŴĺô
ǧݲײһǧһǿĴڣֻʵӸߴѡ
ŶԭòƴݹȥƺݶˣˮЦ˵
ֻһһž޵Ů֮뿪ģף·ǳˣܶȴܾˡ˵Ҳ̾һ
ǲӣˮóƽʱĵ۳ȻܺŮͼϵȣѾܴ񣬱ϾˮĻѾԽ˻֮ˡ
ԭֵʶ羪̾˵
ҵӣȥôΪȻҲôȥݡˮҲеɬ˵
û뵽۳ʣʥĳʥƺ쳾ˮоܻĵôһŮ˿˺쳾ûо쳾Ѿƣƽˮܲġ
֣㵱֪ʲôʵ𣿡ˮ뵽ʲôʵ
ֵô֪𣿡羪ȵ˵ǰˮ˵ӵģỳˮ˵Ļеģˮûƭ
ұ֪ûߣֻ˵һﾳ絽˿ƺ쳾磬һʱѾȥݡˮɬ˵


1101 Һҩ
ˮĻҲһ㶣û뵽뵽ʱǸŮӵ龰翴͸˺쳾һ
ֵˣݺһҵλСģҲֵܴ䡣һ½˵
ǾлˡˮЦЦ˵
ݵҾʱֵ˵ˣ㵽֪ʲôҶ˵޷˵ģ˭Ҳ˵һֹأֵܼ¡Ц˵
⣬ȻҲôİˣ޷ܿͻǰˡˮЦ˵
ˣѪһҲǿʵǵӽˣҪСһ¡·ͻȻ뵽ʲô˵
Ŷãˣ磬Ǿ뿪ˣҪǰһˣȰ硣ˮЦ˵
뿪ȻҲֵ֪ҪʲôǰһҪСģȻعƣȻһЩϹԻٵĺӲٵع򡣡ٴһ䡣
лˮ˵仰Ҫ͸¶һЩϢһЩǿԺӺܶعˣǴݻˡ
ǿʵܶ࣬Ѫһ壬ʨ룬ػʹļɣｫݶʵľۼء
Ѫһ˻ϱֵһˣЩֵɱѪһڱʵǿѪһˣѪһڲܿͻ֪Ϣһ·Ҫһ£ֵܵʵֻҪСһû¡翴ˮվҲվ˵
ˮǱԼͥԺȥûʲôţҲû˵ܲûбҪ˵Ϊпֵò졣
˵ЩҲֻ룬ǿӲҪΪʵ䷴Ͷһ
صͥԺʱѾˣ󲻾ãҶһ𣬿ˮЦŴкҲˣ˵ֻһţǰЩû˴롣
뿪ˮֱ˵
úãҲûʲô˼˵
ˮӣŮЦЦһҶҲǿǿޱȵԼŮǰΣǳɫЦĻǿģǴĵĿġ

ڶ·ˣȻһвŸոտ˱⻹ڱϿշһʱ䣬˳㿴ϵ龰
һĸѾ˱ѩصУܶطǰɫģһһµʱ¶΢΢ʱʱбѩڻܶ࣬ʱѩ衣
ˮһŵطǸ¶΢΢һʱ䣬ǰɫǱⶳ︴һ㡣
εδˮλ۽ֵߣȻ˳Ž̶ֵˮӣһɽγһ޴ٲɽȡ
ĳǳصƶϸߣȻͱˮˣزЪһ뿪ű·
ˮÿһطھ¥ͨһЩС˽һЩصʲôطֻҪǮǿԵõܶණġ
ԽԽ䣬½һ˵ļ֮ؾǱⲻ֪ڸļ֮أԭȫǱ顢ɽıһıϵĺѰı鵽ֱӻᱻֱӶʧ
ʮ
ѾıˣƮѩе·絶һֲ˵ǿ׳ˣﳤ˾ҪϤĻӦﻷ˾ûκΪҲرǿһ佫Ҳʡ
Ҳưɣ
·̲ʣΪһҶ衢һҶ컹չ嫶ʨڱһص֮ء
ǰ֣˵ںܾǰһۣһǿóսǿľǵҲһµĴڣΪ˼۲Ÿǰǽб
ڶĴڣǱʤй֮޲ȴȴӣʵ൱ļУųʵԱ򲢲ʲôʵŵġ
үүڱʲôػʹûУ
һɽѩɽһͷıѩһͨ˷Ǿѩвײеޣ粽֮ؾ
ʵǸӴ˵˵٣ʨҲ˽Ĳ࣬ŶǺͶԷޣûκεĽּȻУҲǻжѣԻ͹ֻҲֻԻ͹ѡչҡҡͷ˵
ү˵ĶԣһҶҵʱʨƼҽӴԶһ㣬ԷҲֻõһҶҵѱ֮ҪǱ򽣸ע⡣һҶ˵Щüŭ
ϾΪͰһҶţ鷢κ϶ŭգʵȴΣˮ֪
ҸҵĲ𣬿ǵɫοʨЩǷµ³ϢʨҲǲСˡ
ˮҲ֪һҶҺּʨ뿴治ʲôȻҲᱻңֻʨҲ뵽ôļȴҪǸ
ʨҴҵ󣬹Ѿܶ˶һҶҺּҰɣҲֻһЩ˲ܼɣľǱƼңֵĶǱƼҵˡ
ҵһӾϳһҶ費֣һҶŮ˼סףοҾǴһҶע⣬ȻһҶܲܳȥ⣬ΪҪġ
ɽϴɨһ񣬽һ˾ʹסһϣļĻЩ˵ʲô͵ѩˡ
ˮϹǿѾû˿ˣǰȻ֪۷壬ܾһ㣬ʱ䣬رǾСɺϹǿҲûǰơ
ϣ
ͻͷ˾ţ֮ܵ˶ʤݣҪͻ쿴ѣֻǲ֪ҪôͻƣҪͻҪܳʱ䣬ݣҲп޷ͻƵ졣
ɾ
׳Ҳ磬ʱǰֲ٣ҲϢ
ѾһţϵһҲҪˣֻˮһֱûгԣҲۻһЩ÷ơʲôĶ˲١
ɾҲõıʣοЩۻǺģɾе࣬ʲôģֻҪõĶߵ˳Թһһ㡣
ҩ
ˮһҩΪҺҩΪھϾͻṻˣһˮоеˣмֺܶʱ䶼ҩʱ䣬ȻƳġ
ܿ죬ɾʮʱһöžﵽҩˮܿĵͣ
ĳʶ
Һʯ飬йݡ龧
һҩ񻹲ʮ顣


1102 ǣɻǵչ嫣

ˮû뵽ǽˮн񲢲ҩģһʯһֻɢζѰѾãֻʷϵļأѵһ÷ݵʯʵ޻òˣ˲һ׻۲ʶ񡱻Ǯ֮˵
˵Ľҩ֮ԽнӦ˵ҩĵ󣬻оǴ˵ӡŮõҩޱȡ
˵еĽҲβЧҪǷǳϡѵá
ʮ鲻࣬һͲΪҩһûãһõĻһʱҪʮðƺѵãˮ֪кá
ҡҡͷſҺҪʯ飬йݡ龧йֳɵľУʣµĶӦһҩݣֻû˵
ʯ飬ˮ˵ƺһЩϵɽʯһЩԵʯͷҺǳټǹʯµҺ
龧ˮҲ֪ͬϡ٣龧޵ʵʮԺмʳֵһ־ʯ޵УʺСʱɱʮֻͿܳ龧õĻɱֻ֣ǿʮʵޣʵԽǿĳֵļʾʹһЩ
ûпҺЧеƣͿҲϣƳʲôЧͻ֪ˡ
ûиܵôĿ֪ҺЧϾҩеĶѰģйֶڣ벻ѡ

ڽˮһ˱һȥһشǸˮо䣬䡣
ƺһֳԵ䣬Ȼ䣬е֣ܳڶʤʱҪӯܳǿҲԭġ
ЩˮԾģԾܵѹĵطҪһң˶һɵعƣҲǿߵԭɡ
ˮ뵽ԼĻкܶϹԺӲٵع򣬻ãǺܵġ
ھʵﵽʮңˮŵĵƣ˵ع򣬾ûعҲоԵġ
عˮĿûκ谭ɨƽһУټʨԼǰֵһᣬ֪ȭͷ
ԼһжΪһŮˣԺеһҶӰ֡
һ˫µòͳʡ㷢߸İС
˵ĳף粻ʳ̻ӣ޳屻ʵµȴβס͵
ӵߣ֮һ̫֮һ̫̣ǡô͹˸оЩ˶غͷ˶βŮײͣ
貨ȵӣ˳˸оһľȲĸо
ڽϵˮķÿŲԶһҶ裬ɫ˵ɫȴǺܳԣ˵ĸо
ʵ˱עӵʱǱעӱӰиоģһҶ豻עӵǲ棬ԺͷֵģֻһˮĿҲһ㶡
ֻое㷢ţΪˮ۹ơʯ񡭡
ܿ⼸ŮҲˣˮҲˣǰֻǳΪܿһҶ裬ҲΪʲôôعԭ
ˮе죬εЦЦһҶҲе죬һ˵ĸоָо֣Ķһ˵
㣬ҼˣǸ˿ûҡһҶǰٵ˵
ݺҲЦżӽʱĿˮһԹݺֻҪǵںˮֻ֣йҲһ˿ɷ֣һ˿СŮ˼
Цˮ߿ˮ

СֺչԼһҶڽβˮʮأߵ鲢֪
СѾͷҪ˵ʲôˮѾŮ
ʲôʱ׳ɻءǺЦ˵
˵СزҪ죬ⲻ׼𡣡ˮԴ˵
ҶѾǴˣܲܲҪԴ˵š
ܣôٴҲŮԺҪࡣˮǺЦ

뵽˱ֱӳŽǰϤһµΣ˳ŷһֱ򱱣Ľ϶Ǻܸߴ׳ʵ
ˮĸоǲ̡ߴ󣬾Ҳִֿ뺷Ϣ棬еĺûʲôӰ졣
үүȥּ￴ɣҲûжԶˡˮչ˵
ðɣѾʲôϣˣּҾʣһͷˡչҡҡͷ̾˵ʱһࡣ
үүҪ̫ѹҲ˵ʨûдɱأ˵ּһءˮЦŰο˵
ϣɣչֻܿЦ˵
ǣ
ѾΪˣּٹһֱסڱУȻΧҲסڱ
ܿ͵ּڵĵطһµׯ԰ֺʵĽʮ껹ǺµģһĽ󲿷ֶǼϵģǧϵҲ洦ɼҿ̣ڲװοϲˡ
ˮһֱӴӽģھվǰּڵׯ԰ǰ棬ֻǴʱдǻ֡
ܿˮͿչϵŭɫĶŻ֣۾Ҳ΢΢ķ죬Ҳ΢΢Ĳ
үүЩʲôˣ
չôŭʹʲôˣˮѾд𰸣ʡ
ҵʨĳϣʱǴʨźʨּұƵ̶ȵģõּҵּ֪ĻԻ͡չ嫶Żֲ˵
ˮһ̧֣
ž
ŻľȻ£һЩҳˤڵķѡ
үүǽ͸㷢йһ·ŭûɣˮھº󻺻˵
۵ĶȻ£ֵǿǡ
ŵʮһͷĿ´Ľеûǰߵˮ˳ȥ
ˮ˲ûжչ嫷ųԼİӰħ
޴İӰħһֻħһ޴Ӱûжһ硢һӰһһȻ˲ЩʧС
ˮôĶչ嫷йһõͼʥ޵չѱӰħֻΪȫҰȫʨٿɱٳˣҲЩ
˲Щ˾ͱɱɾǰһǰȥ˵ķʱһҽ˸ڣһŲпҲˡ
Щ٣Щ׵ҲдݻεĻ߲㣬Щݻķϻʨӵͼ
ʨˣ
ǣɻǵչ嫣չ˫ĶſһĸߴĽ˺дһַζ
˽鶯ʨʨӣŵüͷڿչ嫺չ嫺չˡ


1103 ɱּҺˣչ嫵Ľ
ӰħȻǿɱһЩһ˻عʵǿĶû⣬ǰӰħûвġ
չ嫣ôˣ㲻ϣѵΪɱ㣿˴ֿΪм
˵ΪֻصǱʵģ֪㻹ЦЦĳչ嫾ǰɱ¾ڵĽ̸ѾƽҲûǰô
ЦóҵȻЦóϣʵֵЦֵá˼Ц˵
үүЩȫ°ɣˮߵչ˵
ˣչ̾ͷ
ˮǸ˼ּ˲֪ûбλֵ̧ġ
ΪʲôҪ㣬ʲô⡣˼Ŀˮм˵ܺչΪʲôˣԲѵֻصĹЦҪ֪ʨ벻˲һŵģѵҪʨ᣿Ц
ˮһ㶣ϼһ˵ô壿ͿˮֱӸһ˦˹ȥ
ž
л˼ļԼѪˮˮĶ죬ܶ˶ˮӰɾûΪʲô
ͻȻıֱӴˣ˼ǻĶʨĳϣ󣬵λǸߵˣһ˴źܶ˵汻͡
һˣͻô֪ôڵģһ飬úûشһοһ첲첲û˾Ϳȣû˾ͿԴּûбŅֵ̀ġһˮʣڳһ
ɱɱ˼ҲǱһͳסˣعŭǰˮ˵Ļֱӱ˵ˡ
ˮҡҡͷһӣ
ʨӡ
һֻ޴ʨͷǵһŻ˼ȥˮҪʨսɱǡ

ʨ
ˮʹʨӡ֮ǰֱӽȫƱƳһ޴ʨ𴫳޿ײһˮһô˱ԴȥŶҲûãƺֱһ
ʨӡ

ֱڻ˼ϱըһ˲ʧǰŲҽ;ֵĿ⣺˭ôʨʨӡΪʲôʨ֣
˼һͷʨӡõ㾫տǰ˾رĿֲܶսҲǾտĿ¡
˵һ飬ּûбֵ̧ġˮƽƽͣڻ˼ԼΧ˶б˻Ҫ¡
С˼ȻԷʲôͷΪʲôֻӲͷƤش
ϴˮĿӹɰļ
Ҳ֪
ˮüëһٴһӣһֱӴܳһֱ˦˻˼ʣµļϣһʣµֻ첲Ҳ¡

ǰʨӡֱӽ˼һֻ첲ըʧȴǶϱĵ˵ǰϻ˼ҽУΧ˶ǵͷ
˵һ飬˭˵ּһʣ˵ĵصͿȻ˶ֻܹˣֻܹǸˣ̫ࡣˮеĻ߲ϵš
֪֮һվ
ȷҷƭһĸʹࡣˮ˵
ûƭ㣬ֻǸоǶԺ̫СˣҾ͵͵İˣһҲһˡ̾˿˵
չһ˷ܵ˵ӦŮһҵˡ
ǹȥɣ
ã
ߣҺϡˮչ嫺ͼŮ˵
Ƭ֮仯ɻҽû¡
ߵ˻ͷµĻֻǴĶ̴ٵĺžһİܿǸ˾ͻˡ
һ˵ǺԶǳ޳һ㣬Ȼֻܷˡ
˼ңôƺˮڳʵ
ҽгɶ
ڹú𣿡ˮЦʵ
ǵͲȻе䣬ƺǵòҪͨˣߵҲ͵ˣ˰ġ̾˵
Լ֪ΪʲôǵĺľԼһ
һһʱ䣬޳ͣһƫƧĵطĽͨǺܺãеׯĸоˮȣڷĵطҲˣ񱱷ĵطҲٵĵطڡ
¥ģһԺӣ֣ͦǹݳˣֻڱԵĵطԭɣǿ˸ط
һܴĴׯˣʮһ·ǲ߹ģͣһȽͨǰ
ҷռذĶ֣ͨĴŰţԺǽ£Ժһ¥󣬿Ҳ̣סһ˵ûκ⡣
ɶչ嫡ˮһ˽ȥʱԺʮСˣкŮĺģĸһȲ裬Ƕĺ䣬忴Ƕͦ׳ģǼСҲСţһŮСӣһ㡣
ݣˡɶһ˵
ˣȲļվһæ˵СʱǱɶȵãЩûܵɶչˡ
ȻſЩˣȵĿչ嫣ΪЩչ嫵òûô仯ȻСʱǵòүүòϡЩ䣬
硭չ嫼غһ֡
үүүүһֱԼб磬ֻǺָĳݡ

ӿչ嫲࣬˭ñûҲģҲΪûԭһƽ˻ɡ
磬أչ嫿ĵʵ
ȥ΢Ц
ȱţЩӡŮʶʶźῪĵ˵
۶ǹүү
ҲˣѾǸˣչȻ̲סһᣬҲǺ󱲲ˣһֱסһһ
չ嫵رģͨˣֻҪּѪУֻҪÿģˣּټļ嵱ֻӡ
ѾٴʲôΪѾϰչ嫾Ͳڴƽˡ
үү뿪ʱǴߣסһɣˮ˵
չҡҡͷ˶꣬ϰˣʱ󿴿ǲΪǿ߶һֱŬģоʹȥҽ̵ûоɡ
չѾ˺ּܶ࣬ĻԻҲˣ죬ʵͨȫģֻҪֻһĴȥġ
ڵˣԱڡšҵ̫ˣּѾһΣǷֿ̫ˣҲͲǵ뷨ˣΪھͨˡ


1104 жɱˣɱ˲
չ嫵ľˮһ㶣ܿЦˣչˣ²ǿΪõ˳Ȼ˳
ѾΪƽأƺܼ򵥣չǵһ㣬ĸչ嫵ĴһˣҵּҵĺˣҲȴһЩԸеԹŭҲõһЩйͽѡ
ϵĵƺͻȻʧ˴룬ûʲôȴҲоôʣҲһֱĵЦݡ
ʱ˵˻һ飬˵һһ㣬һ鲻ãּȲõ£Ļܣﵽ˾׵ı
չ嫺һҶ˵ˮ֪Ҳ⣬ϵŬΪȡһУΪֻǵĵӷˣĵӲŻÿ˶ֻΪԼ̫˽ˣҲ֡
ʱֺܼ򵥣翴ˡˡѿҲһ־޴Ŀ֣
ʨצ˻ѾʨʽսοﻹǱʨô˵ҲȻ˹Ȼεڴ
ʨǹһֱЩ˺ܶ಻֪ôģǱҵҲûеõʵ龰ԶַʱˮѪһʱ˳ʨʮˣǴʨ롣
һ裬ǾڵģɱһˣǾҪɱһֳǵǿǵǲսġ
ֻˮٺƮϾʹþУʹٽҲҪʱ䣬һֱʵһʨ׷ɱˮֻڻûҵ˶ѡ
һ죬ˮһһ죬ˮչǻȥʱһҪһȥ˵ﷴ˵ע⡣
չ嫺ͱ硢˵ЩʲôˮӦǽһЩʲô°ɣһ뿪ûʲôǺǸɶ˵һ޷չһǡ
ƽͲҪ¶ҲҪ룬ûгֹһһϢߵҲϢ
ˮүүлл㣡
ڽϣչ嫿ĵ˵档
үүһˣһ˾ͲҪ̫ıŤ𡣡ˮЦ˵
չЦЦû˵ʲôˮͷЦһҶ裬ҲΪʱ̲ס˵ллܻᱻˮմˡ
ˮһҶһ֮оеĸоٺһЦֲɫץһҶһŤͷ
СˮоرĺãԼİһҲĪܣһ־
رǿյ˺飬ûˮٶֻա
һʱˮ뵽Ǹɾʨ˻ǰݵʱȥɣﵽûкöֻܿˡ
ʨλһӴɽһ˹ľ޴ɽ˵ķѵ˹Ͳɼ㡣
ЩһҶˮ˵ģʨǸɣڲͽҶǾӢʥݱԱĻκһжʨҺܶ඼һеס
ȻҲ˵ûкʨģ෴Ҳкܶ࣬кܶҲʨ룬ʨ̵Ҫһʵʧʧ𣬱ȻҲȥʨһ
ˮҪľһ·ȥÿ·һǳؾȥʨǰеʵǿһЩ
ʮʱ䣡ˮһ·ʨ벻ǧˣҶǲǿߣиа˶ۼġ
ˮ⼸ɱ˶ľˣɱҲҲһֶȻҲܴ󣬱ݽ棬ˮһЩɱ˸裬ʱо˼飬ڻûдﵽ־磬оҲ
жɱˣɱ˲飬ǧﲻҵɱСкжȻŵɱˣȺëᡣԣɱ顭ɱһˣֲͣͣѪˣʬǧѰɽ
ǿʳʹҲȻʣжжСжУ塣ʣжɱ˳ܰĿǡΪмɱˣŮġ
ɱһΪΪۡþŰ򣬼Ϊۣۡͬǧǽ۷硣ɱ˰Ĳ͡
Ϊ۸ΪֻۣΪԼԼߵˣһ޹ɱžЩɱ޹ҲԼɣ˵Щһ롣
ɱ˸ˮܳأɱ˾۵ܶ࣬ӺܳһٵľܲԼ֪ɱ¾֮·

ˮ֪Ϊʲôʨ뻹ôסǼҴҵں㣬ϰˣٵԼڵǸʱԼһ
ͭǣ
ͭѾʨɽǺԶˣѾڱĵشˣʨɽڱıλãʨɽǿʵڡ
ͭǳǳشӿпȥһ޴ͭͭȪͭȪҲǺͭȪԽⷦʣһļñͻơ
ЩǴ˵ŶȲǺܸߣҲиȪͻƣӶΪȪһЩأȪⷦʺһΪģоͭȪҲǺܳġ
ͭǵλĵشԸͭǶפʨͭҲ⣬ڸУʨͭǵʵǿģǿġ
̫ϳϺǸʣµҲ٣ʨķ֧ȴǱȽҪʨ벻ܶʨɽУ෴ʨɽµ˲رĶ࣬ЩʨĻʯ
ʨĸЩ˲ʨƣܺ˵ϻˮһ·߱ߴģοЩܣ֪
ͭʨλͭ棬Щֻǵ˻ΧӶǴԼׯеѼǮƻҩʲôġ
ԽǿɡԽҪǮƣ˵ֱ֯һЩʵѼ챦䣬ҲһЩ̽רŴȥյ̽Ѱ
ˮһ˽ͭûжãʮֻ޴߷жƾǶȥġ
ʨ룡
Щξ֪ʨˣ
ˮЦˣһʨ뵹ǻˣҲѹ֣һ·ˮһɱŹģǵҲûκڲأֲܳ⣬ˮһˡ
Ϊ׵ϡ֮ˣǸֶվڿУûгޣƮɢѩ׵ĳֱӴ˽ס
ܵƣǺƤһʱƽĿˮһˡ
Ҳǳ˵ӣǰ٣ʵʹˣʱǿˮˮߵˡ
һҶ衢һҶ졢ˮұߣչСˮߣŮںߡ
ҪΪһҶһع˿ˮ˵ϲŭ˸оһһ
ˮһ·϶һҶһҶģΪһҶָ


1105 ʥʨĿµĵ
ҪΪһҶһع
ˮŷʵߣһ־Ӹµ̬ȷϣʱҲǰԾ
ʮǵʵ˵ʮǵʵǱƺҪʤһоԷпԺعĶԺһɵعߵʵ粢ʲô
ֻ֪ûв뵱һҶҵ顣ˮûлش˵⣬ƽʵ˵
ˮ̬΢΢һüͷһҶҵΣΣ
ˣȻѪծѪûв룬˳ļѾɱˡˮƽ˵
ʵںܾȣһ˿Լǰ赭дĽ̸һ˵Ļֻƾ̬Ѿ൱ˣҲڻǲʲôɱﵣ
һԷǸ仹ݣˮĻҡͷЦˣ˱˵Ҳû룬ΪʨʲôطǲǸ˶ܲƽĻʨûˣʨôǿ붼뵽ġ
ѾǻˣԼ֪ϧˮŶ˵껺֡
ϫӡ
˲ΧĲ֮УܿǾΪˮ˿ɲһˮˣ̺ˮˮһ˽һʵĸ޲ߡ
ǳϫӡˮ֮֮
˸ܵˮǿľ֪ŷǰ˵Ŀ֮ǿľ
ΪףϷȰ㻹뿪ĺãֻƾǺʨԶ
һкǧ
ԣǲԶ
ˮ˵һ޴ˮɽһ
ֲˮ飡
ǰһȭͷСӨɫӣתţΧ֮ڵˮ˲ʧ
ˮҲһ㶣ⶫǱˮļǿ棬ǿĲһΡ
ˮһҲûлţĳϫӡûң㣬ˮһʵûõڲȫ״̬ʩչս࣬ĿǰݶԹˡ
սֻǿʵϲܷӳ޴ʵûʵսͳ˰衣
ʨ󣡡
ʱһΧѸٵĽǰˮֶѾʶһ·߸ǰ
һֻ޴Ļʨӳˮǰ
ԶַˮѾʶ󷨵ܵعƣ󷨵С˺ܶࡣ
ʮǵʵ
ѾǻԵˣҲŵԭǽʨκǵʵ̫ˣֻǸε˿׵Ļǡ
һ㣡
޴ĺʨһ𣬿һǣȻǻǣʵϱȭͷҪһЩ
ˮѾ˷ʱ䣬ʶһɽֱӳǰֵסһǣһģ

Сɽͷһľɽֱž޴ĻʨӳȥɽˮһĴ֮¸ӿֲźʨȥ
ɽֻǿֲײоĶֻܻҪʵ̫⣬ܰĿײˡ
սǴɱ¾ֻҪһ˶һ㣬Ϊ˵ʱϢңܻĿ֮Ҳ
һˣˡ
ء
ʨˮѾİοθûзˮУϺըɽˮǰԽԽƵԽԽӦֶ֣ʶٿأԺǿˮֿԺܺõĽԼھɽϵĸ֮Чرĺã··һЩźܴЧ
ƣ
ʮײ󣬾޴ʨˣ⻹ˮûóȫһήҵʨˡ
жɱˣɱ˲飡
СɽһľɽЮ֮£ֱҳһ׵ĿӣҲǽˡ

ˮռսƷǲӶġ
߰ɣһ¸ǣˮɽߵ˵
ŮͷѾϿգˮһҶ֣һҶ費ȻЦסˮ֣ȴץס̵֣ץס˵㡭
ˮһֱֻץס
Χɽ˺ȴûκ˸ǣһֱ޴Ľʧǵǰ
˭̫ǿˣֱӰͭǵʨˣ
ûһҶҰ
һҶңǰһҶң˾˵
ǰҵһҶҾȻ˳֣ʨ븴ˡ
֣û뵽һҶʨ븴ֻ֪ʨ봫ƼҺһҶǶŮ׼ң˵ΪһҶҸģôѵʨһҶҵ˰
ϻʵҶֻ֪ǲ˵ѡ
Ҳ̫αˣһʨҪشˡ
Ҳ˵ʨϾоԶʵɲ⣡

ʥ
һʨɽӴʨɽ
ˮͼŮѾ˱ʥֱ߿ʥʱ䣬ʥҪĳһҪһܵʱ䡣
ʥҲǱʥݵݿʨʵǿķֲˮֻ֪нʥʨʵѹ̤ʨ롣
뿪ͭǺˮֱˣЩеԼģصȻҲǽɱģ͵Ϯˡ
˶ǱˮֱɱˣһҲûзŹ
ʥϿգֻ벻ͱסˣ
һˡ
˵˵࣬˶ۼģֲ̫ˣȻܶǵͼۣҲкܶ඼ǺǿĴڣرǰʮλˡ
ˣڱˣ֪ҪԸԼˣԭֻдﵽʥŻᱻӣֱ֪ӹˡˮԶֵĴȺš
ʵˮΪһ·ɱʨǿѾλˣȻʨʧܳܣѾٴӣʨֻЩ˲һ
ߵһǽˣҲˡһһ۵߳Ц
ɫһֻʨͼʨе˵е⥡
ӣ⥣⥣״ʨϲ̻з¯ϵͷ
ʨҲпܾ֮߱Ѫرǿʨӣʨ
ˮоľǽʨʨӺн⥵ѪʾųϵѪ
أˮЦſˡ
ȳţĲҲ޳ɫķ˿ϵȴǺϸСֻһ˫ɣǵĹâ
ˣͿֱʨɽǰˣһҶҲǽΪ˵ľҲᴫ¼º͵ĿˮϵͺΡ
ǵһϢһ£סϵĽָչ˺ԼҾʱС١ˮһҶ졢չ嫡СԼŮ˵
Ҫһսҧ˵
ЩվԶǹȥǾͶԸǣסҪǰЩϼһｻֻ֣ҪһͶ㿪һᾡǿҲҪСġˮĶһ䡣


1106 ʯû˭ǰĽŲ
ŮȻԸҲֻģʱֻܿˣԲܳΪȵˡ
˵˾ˮСıһ˺λվãʱܽ󣬻׼Ҫٻޡ
ˮЦŵͷȻſЩʨˣرǰʮλˣǾʨĸ߲㣬ʨĵλԲ͡
ʱ䲻ˣ
ˮЦ˴кȻóǽ
ˣҲ˹Ĳ飬ǲϹͷҲԹҲҪҲ飬Ϲͷܻ굹Ҳ⡣óһˮһѵĳЦ
˼ؿ㣬ϵģϵĺڣʯҲκû˿赲ǰĽŲˮеıǽ̧
󣡡
˿ˮ˵˵ĸɴ࣬һ̴ֶٵĴ͸
ʨ󣡡
ֱλվԭأһβʨûֹΣΪ׵վǰǽ֮ͷ
ʣµٶںΧԼ󣬺ǰߵʨңңӦһֱڿˮ
ˮóĿұɣΪûʹǿΪˣ̫òʧҲġ˻ַƵӡ


ؽһ޴Լƺǹ֮һһһصģǴؽܵһҪһֻĳؽܵĻǻôĿ¡
Ź
ˮʱȻʲôֱӾŹ˹ȥ
֮ˣ
ܵعƣһʹۿۣȻʵҲۿۡ
ۣ֮

еˮ׼ȷĵס˱ǽֱӽˮĵɳȥ
ˮһڣҪʵﵽСɣһ¶ֵסˮѾʵת۷壬ǶԾŹţܸоԷŵΧģʶǰſġ
ˮסһҲǾޱȣû뵽ֱԿˮҲžŹ̫ж֮Ȼðա
һӣ
ɽˮǰ
һ˾ɽϣ
ɽĹʮǣˮٶȣˮȴǿžŹԺ;ɽһٶȳȥ
ʼл֮ƹˣ
֮ǣ
ѸٶߣͬˮˮһϹӭ˴϶µľɽ

ˮһٴκˣɹûг֣ܻЧˣˮĺˣԷҲͬˡ
ɽÿζǴŶܻЧֻҪʵ̫ⶼײ˶Է
ˮˣǿʶݾɽ

Լһ㻤Ӱϳ֣Ҳй֮޲οܶ˶ûʸġ
ء
ɽѸٵĺײʮ£Ǽͣеҡ
ʨգ
ˮֱӻ۳һһĶס˾ɽˮȵǾȻþɽһʱʱ޷ѡ
ջأ
˳ջأٴгԷסֻ˷ʵĶԸɽɣɽֻҪʶܷ㣬ֻҪԷһˮͿþɽԷ鷳
ˮ΢ЦſŶԷļˣóǿʵɣȻûлˣ
˵˫һ̧籡Х֮дųƵԶַˮûиܵʲôعΪ޺ԭþȫعֻһٶʮµʵȴǴһֻϢ
⥻Σ
˿ˮĻֱ˾ɽɫ԰׵Ĵһ˲һֻ޴ĽɫһֻĽ⥻˵ǽʨˮǰ
ʨҪǿ˺ֻܶ࣬ɢ纣һƾͲʨԱġ
޴ĽɽʱҪһСɽǰˮȵһֻһС

޴ĽϳȼյĻ棬ֻڽ˵ǻ޴һεԴֱˮһƬһ
Χ˿µ¶ȣǿ·𱻵ȼһһػĻ𣬵ǰЩҪǿ̫ˡ
ˮڲ֪ʲôоҲǻ𣩺ֶڻ𲻵ڿǿޱȣ޺߹ãֱֹӱ߳ɻ࡭
䵽ˮĶѾûʲôлƻǿģŰ񱩡ױȣʨ˵ǿսԼ޶ǻϵġ
㲻ǻϵҲ޷޺߹ڵԪعռ˾Եơ
ھˮվڻУʲôҲûзһͻȻϸһǿϢӡ
ɣ
ˮΧĻֱӳΪĵʮ׷Բ״̬
˫꣡
ˮֱֻֻž޴󡰽ʨȥ
ž
ʨһҵҡΣ

ʨһʨһ޴Ļǽ˻˫ǰ
ƣ
ˮҵһ߾ͬʱɽˮʶٿֱźصĻǽײȥ˻ǽɽֱӽǽײ飬ΪĻǡ

ˮٴαƽʨʱʨһѸٵСӵ³һ޴ĻӭˮĻȥ
͡
ڵϵĴϵʴŽʨĻٶȾȻǺܿ죬ˮռ˾Եơ

ʱʣµٶˣʱȻҲѸٽ󣬻һֻСһŵĽʨһž޴費зĶ
񴫵ݣ
ͻȻ֮ǰеήҵġʨһʵһζ㿪꣬һֱˮȥͷֻ޴ĽǳϬɱ
ɽ
أ
һײˮе㾪ȵڵľɽֻǿ赲һ½ʨƣܻˡ
ٽˮǿ׳֫ͼˮҲСڵʵֵʨ幥ǲеģоɽֲ㡣
أ
ɽʨֱӸײõɻ
ˮŷɻľɽǽһ֮˴ھɽͬʱʶƾɽ˱Ľʨ
أ
һεֱӽʨײˣʨʵҲڰ£ˮڸǶսǰЩ˲ܵΣգҲҴ⣬һֱûʹȫʵõֻǰʵʱɱʨ룬ڿֻʱʵĻ˵
ÿһսŹԼʵĻᣬٴ֪ɽԭƶȻõ޴
ء
ھŹ£ʶݾɽûĳڽʨΧȻ󲻶ϵĺȻ£ʨײƣˮµģοԷôϵʨľ޴󣬽⥻ĸ
ˮþɽԽԽ죬ϻ
ž
ʨֱըˣ״̬ˮƺ·Ծһһֱٶ˱ˮɽ˴ȻֶԷƺѾˡ


1107 Ҫʿױ
ˮͣǰɽڡʨը󣬽еĴֱӺɱûʣ£ǿϰ֮ۡ
ʣµİǰʹþ񴫵ݵˣʱһľήңңʧˣʧ˾ͱʾѾԼգɱᶼڱ˵һ֮䡣
ٶһʣ²ˣǰˮľɽڽʨը˲µߣۼ𣬶һʵȽǿġ
ˮɽȻ󻺻ŶȥʣˣΪ׵ǸŽʨӵȻήңš
˼ң˼ǰˣˮûЦҲûе⣬һƽ飬Ľƺƺ֮һ
ʵҲˮ֮У˵ûֵÿɵģ
˻վήңɫƽϻŵЦݣ˵ϹͷҲԹöˣǻһҲټΪĵʯûʲôźġ
˼ңȣģûʲô˵ֻҪ֣ҶԴӦ㡣ˮ˵˵
ˮŸϾɱƺõֶΣƼҪ𣬵ʱʨҲʲôͱ仯ˡ
ˣ˵ʱҪ˵ʲôоܲ𣬵˵ˣҾͰҪ˵˵ˣȻһ˵ûлᡣ˿Ц˵
˵
ʨĵ̺ǿȻҲǿѾʹȫʵĻô޷ʨģǣϣŹǣΪףкܳʱҪܷŹǣһʨ뿪߸㡣˵Щʱüͷš
ǳĬһܳأ
ϼһԾΪǰ·˿ˮٴ˵
˼ңܻܲشһ⣿ˮ˼һ˵
˵ڣֻҪ֪ģ˵Ļǲ˵Ҷ㣬ֻҪ֪ġ
ƼΣˮˣ۾գҲգ˵
ƼǿΪЩʵڳϵףһһձ󣬺οһЩϼһΪǵꡣ˻˵
ףֻ˵ƼұҿԲɱǣ˼ҲҲƼԺٱҵ˼ɣˮ˻˵
ףͷӶ꣬һ˾ллˡ˵
ˮЦˣ˵ǼһЩˣգƾ˵ʵļڱʥһƽգԼ̬
ͷӺͨ

ֻ農ͺãûסҵϢƺܿͻᴫЩ˵ĶУǰɫһʺʨˣǵˡˮ˵
ɫһ䣬ǵͷ
һг˽󣬺ͼ˵ͷŮϽŸķȥһսˮʶٴڣݾſֲĴڡ
ǰЩ˵ѱޣԸԼûõģϾһҶͷˮ޶Уοǵޣͷˮ޶١
Ȼ˶࣬ǵĺܶ˵޸ˮɱģֻм˵ѱǿһЩˮʵ̫⣬ʨǿ󷨺սȻѱҲǣʵԸ߳ǿߣЩѱ޾ͳ˰ˣʨһǿѱޣҲˮĵģʨ
ˮԺܲܲҪɱôˣҪǱƼҶ֡һҶڽߵˮ˵
ģ㿴ⲻǷŵܶ𡣡ˮЦ˵
ҺõģһҶĿŵˮ
һ˫ǳµˮҪ뷨ĵĲ
ˮֱֹͦǣһ㣬ƷˮףЦ˵ˣ֪㵣ʲôĺˣһж˳ģʱӦҵҪ
ҴӦʲôˡһҶеãʵ
ǳ׵ϣӦҪҿ£˵Ҫ棬Ҫʿ
ˮһҶЦ
쵰
һҶƿˮһֱܿˡ
㼸ŮЦһҶƺʲôʱʱĿˮе㷢ë
һֱ˴ˮһʱ䣬ʧúܶ˶ѡ˲ְɣӰ
ʥϿգ
ѾվʮλµߣЩ߶ɫӣͬŽɫʨͼʵʨѾǺǿĴˡ
ʮվڰȤĿųŽһˣôҲ벻ͨʨôһˣ˵˻һˡ
λ˼Ⱥܳʱ˰ɣСʵҡˮĹִӽڿնվ˰кͶʮλҵңңԡ
޷Ƕûסǣ̫˳Ծˣ
Ⱥ߳һλϺˣƫһ㣬һϴһָ߷ڵĸо
ôƺˮЦ˵
ֻһƺ˶ұħˡЦǺǵ˵
ǱƼҵˡˮ΢΢һ˵
ԣһ붼ǱƼҵˣô𣿡ħ˵Ŀһֱû뿪ˮ
˵һҶҵҲμˡˮƽ͵ʵ
αЩأǺͱƼҺʨ֮ĶԹΪܵ𣿱ӦҲǱԶַɱİɡħ˵Ц˵
ˮû뵽ߣָ߷ڵˣʱȻܿһħһЦݰǰһƻ
֪Ϊʲôħˣ
ǰôˣһ˶ˡ
ˮ˵һ֣ɽϷȻʹ˻ȫľ۷塣
ȥ
ˮľɽˮһ֮˺ʱѸٵŶȥ
ʨ
ʮλֱһ̧֣һɫľֱӺ˾ɽϣֱӽɽˡ
ˮЦЦֻ֪ƾɽѾûʤˣ
֮
һʮ콵
۽𾦣
۽𾦻㣬ھǿȨϰ콵ҲһЩѾԸЩʵƺûʲô̫ˡ
֮
֮󣬲ܶԷȵɫˮٴδɽŸֱŶ͵Ĳȳһš
̤
Ȼھ̤ɱˣиǿãһļĿѣΡ
컨꣡
ˮеĺ黩ȻһжǷһ˲䣬ˮӰһ
ŹתǬ
ױ
ԷΧȦһȦ޴Ļɫž޴ĻϢɢȥʱѿ
ž
ױǿ󣬵Ҫʱ䣬ˮΪ˴ƶԷĴ㡣
Ź
˫ֵĻĳ

ޣ
ž

ʱʮ˱һ뻹࣬ˮ֪Щд󲿷ǱƼҺ;ѸٵնɱǽĻᶼûС
ˮ޴ľ¶ǱɱķݣοԷǱˮ˲ٵʵ


1108 ȫնɱӥŭ
ʣµ˿һ𣬵һʱǷųԼޣʮֱӷų˽ֻޣдСɫ
ˮһ֣ҲųˣȻҪ棬ˮҲ档
ͷ뻹ޡѸٵӭ˱ޣˮļŮСֵˣЩǣԸСһ㣬гޣ֮ϡ
ˮû뵽Էгôޣÿһ߶ֻֻѱ޲࣬ʵ󶼲ǣȻҲгǣҲ̫࣬Ҳ٣Ͼع
úã
￪ĵ˵˷ֱܵӽԼȫгȻʵ̫ľˣһҶ޵Ҳ˳Ȼ
ˮһ·һֱһֻǰΪʾֶʨǵʵеˣһֱڵȣΪ֪ʨѱһһֱ㵽ĸʱǳ֣ҲҪʵս
ˮûóЩֵʩչ壬ɱֻҵſԺܿɡ
һӾɽֱӺХ˲佫һΪ˲ֻȻˮͷ޵ȼֻ˼Ů
ɱЩˣˮˣɱҲǺܿ죬ʶǿ󣬶ΧԶΧ˺ܶˣܵرǿʶ֪ЩӦþػԶŴˣһЩɺ
Ҳԭˮı¶ԼǿʵҪܲȫһıʨ룬˵ǱƼҡ
ƼʨʵƼҵļʨˮĿǱһңƼʨ룬ԲŻʨİٰš
ˮ֪ʨټһɣǱƼһãԻеڶԱƼҵΪж˵ĻƼڳϵ׶ѣֲģΪи˳ó
ʨ
ˮǿľֱӽʨսõһµľ磬ʵһ˹ѹˡ
һ죡
ˮֻһг˴ȴϸĻɫ籡ŶЩ߳ȥ
Ϊ׵Ǳħˣ
ǰˮλԺһֱúúõģ
ˮҪʱ򣬻ž޴ѹХ£ǿľ֮£ħ˾ֵĿԽԽӽĻƺжǴĿűħ˱ɡ
Щʵ£ˮʵֿԽҲǿһʱ䣬ʱ׶ͳ޺Ĳ࡭
ɨǧ
޴ĻֱһɨըһһٶǵľǻԵƻˮһڲʹ÷½ʩչ۷壬Խһʮǡ
ڻɨУɽҲûֹͣˮľĽʡһ뻹࣬һʼֱӱˮûƣϰѵûˣֱһߵɱͷûˡ
ˮȣŮﵹҲɱĺܼңȻޱɱһʼеæңѾȶ
һûЩ󲿷ǱƼҵûдŹھһ߿żŮս
ͷˮǿֻԴ󣬲ǿ󣬾ҲǿֲޱȣҲֻɱ
֮д󲿷񽣣Сǰӣչ嫻м䣬֣ʵУӰħҲԱ
ˮýӰвϵĴ󣬿вϵķֵĽѾγСģˣһʮֻޣм
һҶͷˮ޸Χս˭Ҫ
ˮ΢ЦſǽһֻֻĺɱսӦöǾǵ츳ǺǿοǰСطһǿߣƿȫֵġ
ֻȱһԺӦûлᣬ֪һҪСģϾֻһΣһˮܲˡ
һֱ˫еһֻ޵ʱ򣬿һǵˮʱ϶ſĵЦݣΪˮֵġ
ˮܿرڸܵһЩرǿϢʱ򶼻һ£עǸһᣬŲŻỻ
ߣȥϢһȥʨɣˮûд뿪Ҫϰ졣
ã
żŮȥЩʬ׻˴ģкܶ˶ʬ׶û£ռҲ˴롣
ֻҴļڸԶ˼Ҿ¥¥ʨйϵҲҽˮһ˾֮⡣

ʨɽʨ룡
Ƽң
磬ħȫˣ޴ĿһȺˣһмλʹĵ˵
мǸͦο࣬Ƕôĸߴ࣬˸оΡ룬ڵıƼҼҲʨӥ
ƺرϣͷֺڰӣһ㣬˫ӥգ˫۾һְ֮ġ
ҲɫģɫͬĽʨҲǸӲöĿ
һĿǴʨ룬ʨĻǱƼҲûƿʨˡӥƽ
һҶҴҵôǿˣǸˣܸое㼬֣ҿЦԶֻܵ϶һ˵ƺߣҲ֪ˮǸҡ
ʱ²ûĻܺͱƼվһ˲ǺܶˣرϣƼҲ˳½أ̫ϳϻкֱ֧ܶƼңҲһЩ֧һҵģǸСӽĻ˵һ㡣ӥ̧ͷļֿһЩ˵
磬û鱨Ҳ֪СʲôʵȻߵˣǰһֱ£ô죬Ҳϡ
Ǹ쵰ҪͲǸѾͷܵҲСǵĻնݲ˰ɣҪұƼңһҪ̤ƽʨ롣ӥߵĺ
ǸСӲ֪ߵغǱƼʲô˶ģھȥɱһСͷеĵЦ˵
ƹԼ˵ģھȥɶСӣͷԼͷӥƹĻֱӴȵ˵
ƹɷһȥˣǰҪȥһֱڱӥģƺĵˡ
ң
һοһδõĻᣬ֪ǸСܰѱƼڵʲô̶ȣһŵվڳԵһ΢˵
Զ˵ˮǸ˻ǴˣתԵˣһɣĿӿֻ޵һЩ
ôﵽˮƽȻǴˣһǾˡ˺ǺЦ
ⲻˣƼǵɷˣʲôҲؼʱֻҪվһж֮С


1109 ϽѪ飬֮ı仯
ⲻˣƼǵɷˣʲôҲؼʱֻҪվһоͶ֮С΢ϵЦ·յ˵
ѵǲȥЩ˵Ĺµȼ嶼Ҫ׳֣˻˵
ãΪǼɵǲƼҵģαƼΣǳǸСΣѵô巭˵Ǹɷôô򷢵ġЦ
ǸˮҪƼң̤ƽʨ룬ҪƼңҪôԶ˽˵
õģȻɷǺǿɱҲأûеɱ޹ĵزʨ룬һ·ɱ˲ȫɱ⣬ҲôһƼңֻҪһϣ˵仰رĿ϶
治֪ʲôļ̳ܽˣƼҵǸɱﵲ֪᲻óԶ˵仰Сġ
˵ƼҵҵʱɥĲҲӿ˵Ҳһľ
ƼǸϼһѾûжʱɻˣ꣬ʨҲΪҵģϣβҪ̫ıʡԶ̾˵
Ѳ⣬˵ˮֻЩʱƿʨءַָƵӡ
ˮ峺ףβ㡢ǹεʱĴһˮ徲Ժر
Ƽҹû˯ˡ

ˮھ¥ס£ֱӰһ㣬ʨųٵ棬ɾ
οһ¥ˮڿа󷨣ڿе첻˭赲ٵʱɡ
ɾļռµˮֱӴ򿪣ҩĺͶϡҩ࣬һЩв֣Ҳ֪ʲôãܱЩӦò̫
ƵǵĿռȻҲûзֵͼʥ޵һƿҲãһƿҲûС
ˮʶͼʥ޵ƺԼĻҪ
ʲô
ˮеһӵĴƿȭͷС滹һЩӵĻƣϧû֣ƿˮ˵ĸоƿƺܹϡ
ƿܷģûȻ֪װʲôһ»ǴˣʱһϢƺһְ
ˮһһЩɫӣӨ͸˵ĶˣСֻСָǴɢһǿҵ
ͨ
ʱˮ̲סʲôǰǸƿѾоĶ
ϽѪ飡
ʲô
ˮɻĽſȥ
úѪĴȣѪϽѪߵʵӵĶٺ˶죬Ҳᳬɵʵм÷߳һЩЧ
ʹãÿֻܷһţ
Ѫ飿ˮȵ˵ⶫû˵ʵǴ˵ϽѪӣ庬һϽѪ̫ˣЩֻǴ˵Ķȴʵĳˮǰ
ǰˮƵˮоͳɫ㣬ֻоЩźǿȷʲôһ¾һ£кȻʲô¶ҩ
ȥһϽѪϥ£߶õҩҩѸٵڻڵѪҺУ
ѪҺȡǿȣݷߵƽӦǿʹߵǰѪѪҺӵиǿ
еѪҺʱеˮһζĿ˺ܶܶ࣬ˮӷֱѪҺһɫƺһЩ
ͻȻĻ֮ĵѸתɢӴϢˮƣ֪֮ǲͻƵġ
ۣ
֮һ˲һ£ǰ֮һһˮʶ
ĿɵУûб䣬ȴǿӶɱе
ɾǽǧǣˮӽİǵĹʲôֻ֮Ӷɱʵô򵥡
֮Ե֮п԰ѻ̺֮УȻ䣬ȷʵ䣬ˮ֪Ƶǿѹعѹȵһ֡
ĪǸЧ֮Ҳɫģ֮㲻ͻƣ˵ǲָֻԶֻĿɵ
ˮɻ󣬵ϵǺȻͲȥԽ˼ˣϽѪˮʵǧʵȻû˵ô࣬ȻӽǧǵģǧҲǺܶˣǧҲΪԼʣһȥŮӶپ֪ˡ
ڹϣˮʵٴξһЩԴﵽʮ£ܵعƿԴʮǳͷɷʳֵĻʮǶһ㣬ɽʮǶ࣬ٶҲ
ʱϴһ뿪ɾûзʲôѾǵڶˣ˳ĻʨӦûˡ
ˮķһҶˮţʱ֪˯ûС
˭һҶŵĲκγɷ֡
ˮһ㶣ң
ˮĻһҶһ㶣ֻˮɫһţ˯ˣ𣿡
ˮҲһ㶣˵̴С㣬ֲҪ㣬ôͻȻһ˵һҪ˵Ҫҳ㣬˵㻰Ҫҷġ
ˮû˵꣬ͻȻͿˣ˯µһҶֱӽˮ˽ȥѸٹţҹſʲô
һҶ˵
ˮٺٵЦţŵٶȻܿ죬ԿһЩÿġ
ʲô¿˵˰ɣһҶҲǺֺЦǰҲ֪ΪʲôͻȻеĻš
ˮ˯µĽڲŷƺͦεĺйģǰʲôֻǸо״ڲ״ģƺһ㡣
ˣҷ㴩һ·ƯЩط󡣡ˮһҶǰЦ
ִǲǣǰ˵ʲôģ˵ҪһҶˮһۣҲûٴ·ﲢųǰǰ˵ĻԼû˿ŭ⣬һĸо
ģҲģܿ԰ɣ
ˮ˵žֱӽһ˯ºܱܸǰǵԵĻ壬һűȥ㣬ϲζ˵ÿŮ˶Լζϲһϲζֲġ
ζһǸоһ־㣬˵ÿŮ˶ģŮ˻ʹһЩʲôģֻһЩŮ˲ŻȻ㣬ˮߵŮҲΪʣиԵ㣬ܵš
ˮʹڣ΢΢۾񣬸һ˯¶ܸܵ֬ůĸо
ĺеңرǰļѹ˫ֵĹ⻬ϸְ֡


1110 ǿѪʯŮ
һҶ豻ˮ͵ıסһţӵţоǰеƻеţƺû̫ľȣûۻıסˮĲӣֻһз۾һ㽿յķΡ
ˮûйֵľٶ˵ҪŮϲô棬֪ҪƼ֮Լ֮ܺĹϵʵķȻԼҲһĽ
˵ˮ̤ƽƼҾͲܵõģʵʲôˣһҶϺǷˣֻǲ̤ƽƼеİͲܶ޷֡
һ˲Ŀ֣ųصİǾͲôŮ֮㡣
Ҳĳͷ޿ƥеպ˼磬Ҳвļȴ;䣬ҪǸһִŵġ
ˣȻܱҪžҪԼ̬ޣֻܹÿ֣Ͷ뵽µУ󸻴̫ˡ
ˮҲû뵽ֻǲ˾ȻԳɳ߶ȣҪԼк˵Լĳ޾
콣ڰһΣ콣˵ֻǺ׵һˣһζˮİҪǸˮ֮ӿȪ౨ˡ
ȵԼ֮Ů֮飬Ȼվ֪飬ԼҲף֪ʲôʱоѾӰӣҺ
裬ҶоеΡˮ̧ͷЦſǰǵ˵
ΪʲôһҶһˮ
һοʱʥӣҶ޷֮ģԵ˵ҪҺʦʱĸԸĵͽܣһǿҲԵػ㡣ˮ뵽ڰǵʱʱ⡣
һҶЦˣСӣ˵ķʽر𣬹ֲǶƭˡ
Ϊʲô˵ʵʱûأʵʱоѱռסˣҲûһӵ㡣ˮ˵
Ҳвŵʱ򡣡һҶϻŵĺЦڵƽĺ˱һɵ˵һЩǰҲĻ
ʱľɫţʱƶյСѰɣȻҲΪҵʦˡˮǺЦš
ԺһҶšסĶ
ҺвСˮЦż˵
У
ˣʲô£˵һҶ費ˮϾ
ȻǣȥˮóǸӵҩƿһţǰˣκġ
ʲôһҶ迴ɫɻʵ
ϽѪ飬ԣҳһţЧ
һҶûٶʣȥȻϥڵ̺ϣˮһ߿Ϊ
ʵ
ˮȵǾȻӰʵʥЧһˣȻϽѪӵʵܳɣˮʵԽǿԽ㣬ԼȻûжɱʵǧǡ
չŮıʵ˲ֹһЩӵʵر죬ɵıʵҲֹǣʵˮоѾˣϾܳɣɼЧܲˡ
һҶ辪ϲĿˮ˸ľϲ̫ˡ
ˮʶܵѪҺҲŵɫϵʵѪѪһÿһ㶼൱ڳǧѪеѪҺȣĴȡ
ˮЩɫ֪ΪʲôƽѪϽѪǿһѪҺ֮֮
ˮû뵽ԼѪҺҲѪҺγһϸϸɫЩɫѪۼһһʵһһϵ㣬ǵɫ˵о̫֡
ϽѪҲ˲ʷ飬˳ѪϽѪҲֱɫѪҺֻһ̶ȲŻѪѪҲ־ܵвϽѪҲѪҺɫѪҺɫѪ㡣
ϽѪϽѪǲеɫѪԽԽࣿ
Ƭ֪ϽѪÿ˰޴ͿˣľͲٶˣҲŻѪɡ
ˮͻȻ뵽ĸ׵˷ʳˡ񵤡Ǳ죬ЩҩǾԵģ֪ϽѪǲǿԽȥ𵤵ĸء
뿪һҶķͲϵĻŷ䣬ȻʹϽѪ飬ʱһʵкôġ
ˮʲôģһˣһ˫չ˫ûаܸоԼĿԣȻǴλ϶ѹˣأǱֹˣܸоѾ飬ҲǲܽԼΪʲôֹԼһֱڵԼ˵
ͻȻվ˫һӱסˮ
ľٶˮһ㣬ŽԼǼˣܵϢܲȶƺ˼봦һҵС
˫˵ʲô˵ɣⱲֻҵˣʲôܶ˵𣿡ˮ˵档
˫ǰ֣вǰԼѱףˣûٱԼõˣοԼҲⱾõ飬ԼԼĿԣŮ˵Ŀԡ
ǰģҲܺޣԶӣûϲˡ˫˵ſ˳
˫ʲô£˵ˮȻ֪ϲϱˣҲ˵ˣҲܸܵ⣬벻ʲôԡ
ʯŮ˫ͷҲ̧˵
ˮһЦˣΪʲôˣҽʦ˵Сһ
ˮʯŮҲ֪һЩʯŮǰЩʯŮģ֣һûи飬Ů֮ûһָ飬رص䵭ڶʯŮҲֻᣬǡʵ̫ۣԼ𣬿ԷջĶֹô򵥣Ҳᶪ
ˮҲǺ㿪Ц᲻ң˫СĵĿˮʵ
㣿ΪʲôҪˮı
ҲܸӣҪӡ˫ܵ䣬ܵ䡣
˭˵ܣ㲻ŷǲ֣ˮʵ
ˮܸܳʱ֮ʤԪϵȱݣڴ½;֮ʵʯŮһ֡
֮֮֮ܽҲо֮Ǿ֮ƺ޷к
ˮǾ֮壬һǾСɣǾɻ߾Ҳ˵׼ке
ţ˫̧ͷˮҲϵҲ˲ɬˡ


1111 Ǳˡ
һֿΣյģˮ˵õģһ֪ǣҽٸҲһҽκãڶ־͸ͷˣ˵޷ʲôӲģֻܶ˺
ڶҲƣѪ⣬ˮ֮ҲܰƣҪʱ䣬ǰˮ˵ʯŮʱ򲢲̫ģΪһֱųˡ
һ˼ֻˮ⣬֪ܲסһЩ𣬵о̫ɨˣοҲûôˮ֮
ǵԼľٴɣ
˫ˣõģֻҪ㲻䵭Ҷ㣬ҵڳˣЩӾҲҲܺ㻶áˮǺǵЦţζĿ˫
˫ˮ¶ǵĻһɬȴҡҡͷпⷽĽܣǵ˰ɡȻǾһӷޡ
ɵѾͷǾ֮壬ڸǾСɣҴ˾ʮİգղҵģҲΪͬʱˮٺٵЦš
˫ˮǲЦݾ֪˵ʲô˼ˣֱߵ۾ˮЦҲˣʵǰൣˮԼ
ڿˮҲͻˣҲģŮһһҪǸ
ˣҵĻһҪӵģҷģˮ˵
ˣ㣬ġ˫Ͻˮ
ƺ˲٣ˮҲһ֪ΪʲôҲǶˣ˵Ҫġ
ˮ뵽ϽѪ飬ǹӵĻҩƿⶫӦúܹˣԲƵģϽѪǴӱħ˵Ŀռֵġ
ħڱƼӦõλͣϧԼϴֶûô군ˣµĿռõģµļҲͱħ˵Ŀռд洢ḻû뵽ϽѪ顣
źûзֵͼʥ޵
ˮоϽѪǱħֵⷢģӦò֪ʲôҲãпܵõûжʱ䣬û뵽ԼϽѪ۳ϽѪˡ
˫һηʳϽѪ鲻֪ûӰ죬олӰ죬ҲͲٶˣǺ˫˵һ£֪ʵﻹȫſ¡
˫ǰʳϽѪ飬ӾͻᷢѪҺеһЩǿɫѪ㣬̺ǿпܸıʡ
̫ˣ˵ҵʻ᲻ġ˫ϲˮ

һϵıˮͼŮС֡չ嫡һҶ˾رĺãˮһҹ֮չ嫾Ȼǰһ㣬ŮƺƯˣһָоһɢϡ
ϽѪаʮһˮûϸоӦòֶ֪ôģֻ֪ԶʱֶҺϡ١
緹ܷʢҳԵĺܿģûпҪ飬˭Ҳ콫Ǻܹؼһ졣
ˣǾ͸·ɣˮվЦ˵
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ʥˮһ˦ԽԽԶʨɽȴԽԽڿпӴʨɽʱҲһȡ
ǰֻ˵һ㣬ڲĿһƬӴɽ˵ɽȺɽ嶼һֻֻʨӣСһ̬һ״ƣԶԶȥ񣬵ҲͲˡ
ȺɽżرĴɽɢƣֹϵζ
ЩһЩɽжӵǿߣҪԶŴʹСˮţЩġ
ǰеˮͻȻо뵽һֵһ˵ĸоŮչ嫵ˡ
ʲôоˮʵ
еĻţ
չ˵ʵܵ
ˮĺȻʲôֱӵָоʨɽѹɣ
ڷ˰ʱǰˣҲˣһξȻǧˡ
ȻԶˮȴǿĺʵƺ־˲١
֮⣬пޣˮЦˣ
ѾʨĴʵ˰ɣԶԶĿȥˮЩзֳǲʨķεߡ
ˮ뵽˵ĻⱱƼʨȻǿ˶֧ǵģȻʨЩû֣ôӦԼʨ֮ǰǲᶯֵġ
ǱƼҵǷµծбƼʨӰļʵѡˣҲӦ䡣
һƼʤˣǻԼʱʲô
ʵˮҲеüȻ⾪壬岻ȫЧֻѾˣ޴޾Բֻ
ԼΪѾ׵ԼˣһսΣʨǶˣοԼҪĲǶˣҪǵ
ңңվסӰ˫ʵԺĿԷˣܶˣˮɨһͨϢ׽׽ס˹ؼˣǷһЩʨǿߣмɱȽϤģڱʥʱӦþԶۿ
ˮĿǰһЩӰϣͨǷŭϢˮ֪֪ҲԼҪҪծˡ
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ҲɫģɫͬĽʨҲǸӲöĿ
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ˮҲˣȻסߵһҶ裬һҶﻹչ嫻߳
ǲǻں޵նݲһҶ迴ŶǸӥ˵˵⻰ʱе㼤
ûһ컹ܺ˵仰
ζʨ룬ζΪȥĸĸгˣǰ˵ĻôܣԼĸĸھȪ֮»ĿԾʬһҲҪһ
һˣһˣס塢ǿ𣬽ǱˣһҶҵ֮𡭡һҶ̧ͷˮСһС
һҶҲῴ졣
ǹܺã㿴ǵŮˣһҶҵѪĻͱǱ˳һҶ˵
үү̣Һ͵ùûǱˣҲҵĵҲǹùõķ˵ĺң
Ůû˵жˮ

ǽɣ겻ôƯֲɵ᲻ɱ֣ӥȻЦȴǿ˿Ц⡣


1112 ʨɱıĺɱв
ͱƼ޹صҲϣ˲֣Ⱥ͸λǴкȻԸ̤ģһɱƼҶԴˮ˵Χ֡
ˮվΧ˵ԶԶʹǿľںЩչԼʵ½ƾʵ˵ģ˵ٶ඼ʵ塣
ˮĻûϷȻҲкܶ˲мƺڳЦˮ֪ʵֻ֪˲ŻȥЦ˵֪
ˮһ·ɱǰ˲࣬ǿڿഫ񿴵Ե˲߰ɡͷۣһݵӣӣԺܶ˾תΪмˣǿԲʵ
ˮû뵽ôͼΪʨвܼƼҵأãҲʡ鷳
ˮһгһѵ죬ȻʼΧڣΪŮ׼ıܷۡ
Ƕʥʯָ㿪ӵŹбһܻǺ׵ģֻҪ󣬱˿ǲá
ʨħɱӥˮĶɫһֱɱ
ˮһ˿ЦֽԼ˳ŮҲг˸ԵޣѸٵĽԴ
𡭡
޺𣬶ϰֻϵ£ݾҲУˮ˻۶ʵֻҲǼˣΪٶҲռܵơ
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һʱ䳡һ̻һѤݣЩ޵ѪҺɡ

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߳ޱˮˮʨ𳹵׵ĳƬĨɱ޴ֱӱǿԶûʲô仯ȴǴˡ
ϰֻľ޴ֱȥ
Ȼʨʨ𡭡
־硣

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ˮûпֻһУе첻ͣ£ɵĲţںܶ˶ǿ˵Ĳ
νмһֱ֪ûУһЩͼҲ֪ˮǿſµʵһЩǿ߸ǸܵˮǱڵľĿ¡
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ˮһö£ŹҲˣͼŮСִɫչֱӽС
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󷨺棬ǰţмߣȴ㽻վλһ㵭ĹνǸǣиһ۵ǰΪϡ
ϵķҲ۽ʨͨɫ֪ʨĵλԲ͡
ˮܵԷʵû̫ľȣȴΪһٶǿͨ󷨾ȻԷӳһʮµʵ
ûһǰܿܳΪı磬뵽ǰʮǾ̤ʨ죬֪η
Էл϶˻Ļ޵廨ţʨӵΪ࣬ʱٶӴ󷨣ɢǵصơ
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ˣǿ̫ԴˣΪƾһ˾Ҫ̤ƽʨ룬Ҳ±ЦҾ֪ɵĵ̡Ϊ׵емǸƽ˵ҲƽҲš
⣬ˮʵôϼһһ˴ǲģΪǸˡ
öˣû뵽һʹʨɱԸһˣһˣ޺ˡ΢Ц˵׷룬Եøһ㡣
ȥаɣˮЦŻͷżŮ˵
ãҪСġݺЦ˵Ȼ˶УͨضλÿԿ龰
ֻ֪ģԼϳûеʱĿǰʺϡ

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ˮгɽгֻǵɶʹãʱԵ¹пԵһЩá
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ˮӰһ֣ɽХˮǿĴŶķȥʱˮ̧ʹϫӡ
һ˲޴ˮ˳֣ȫУ

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һƻǿսرǶԸڡʨըӵ쾡£˿û˷ѡ
ԣ
޴ıֱáʨΪɫĵɢڿУڶ澪ȵɫˮӰٴ۽
꣡
ˮһ޴ĻΪм˳ȥתĻתһ޴ͷһֱӱɫأγһڵһһ۾˻ɢ

ˮڶԷֵʱֱӴ˸˲佫ԷסȻֻһ˲䣬Ѿ㹻ˣûʹ÷ΣǻǿҲ˲忪Էʨɱ
мʱ޷ֿ޷ʩչʵλҪһ󷨵½һ룬½һֱӱˮĻ괩
һߴһʧΧ˱ǿıŰ𿪣̶ͬȵܵ˺ˮеĻֱӱһ޴ĻޣֱӳΧˡ
ƬͰˣˮֶιϺһûʱֻ˲ʱ䡣
Χ˿öٶ˲ǰײ˵ɱɱˣǿߣһǸ߼ǿߣȴвһˡ
ǰʨħӼ߶ˮ˵Ļ·Χص
ˣǿ̫ԴˣΪƾһ˾Ҫ̤ƽʨ룬Ҳ±ЦҾ֪ɵĵ̡
öˣû뵽һʹʨɱԸһˣһˣ޺ˡ



1113 ʨħǱƼɱ
ƼҰӥڵ˶һĺǴĵ׷⣬ֱǲ֪ˮȻôѸٵɱʨħӡ
Ҫʵһˣһ󷨣
ӥյĿ⿪֮һѾʶΣҪҩڶʱڳˣȻƼҵһолһ
壬ҪĳСȻǱƼҾ군ˡӥߵһط˵
طʨħ𣿡վۣܲһùһ˵֮俪ţǵʹĳüû˿
˵Իʮͬװߣÿһǹϡ֮ˣһͨˣϸֻоǵĲǵϢ
Ǿֲɽվɣƾ紵򣬾ǵضɽҡҲ޿ɺһ˿һһֻϢһȻֻǼ򵥵վҲľ
壬ҲˣȥʰСǱƼҵĸҲᱻɶԺһᱻһЩвͼ˵óѡӥڿʧȥ
үӻҲЩˣû뵽֮껹ܼ⣬ϧΪʲôǱƼҵˡû̧ۣ˵ţ۾š
û뵽ôǿ˵Ƽܹܲһأһµ˵
ǵӣ׷ͯգеߣһ͸о׽һ˫۾ƽǻۡ
¼⻹ҪߣҵϵǺǵЦţɫ
Ҹо˺ѺƼңأ˺ǺǵЦſ
ҺϵĿһƼҵĵ̫ḻ㿴ʮߣⶼǴݻϵģǱƼҵĴЩ걱ƼšǿƲǿЩ𡣡Ц˵
Ǻǣôо˵Ĳﻰ˵ʵܸоЩ±ƼҵϼһԸˡ¼۾һ죬Цջһá
ˣ˵ҲɣʲôףѵҪ˵𡣡ЦЦ֪ΪԵļ棬ΪƼҹϵ㲻
Ǻǣ˺̣Ǹˣʨ룬ôİգҸоαƼһʨ첻ҲѲƤ˵ıûб仯º͵ӡ
϶˵ۺܸ߰ȵĿˡ
ѵ𣿡¼Цʡ
ҵȻǣֻû뵽Ҳôߵˡ
ˮγʮߣ˫ֲԾսˣЩ˵Ϣ̫ˣҪԼʵǿоǵʵ
ЩߵʵȻﵽʮ£ȻкعĶݵʵˮоӦòǵʵ

һβôˣˮ֪ǲǱƼҵɱﵣݾȻǿĴڣ뵽֮ǰǸʨħ˵Ļʨĵǿµġ
ܸоƼһݵ뵽Щ˵ʵôǿ󣬰˾ŲʮǴݻģǵôǿңӦǻϵġ

һ˴ĺȵ
ٶȺܿ죬˺һţȻĸվ˵棬ϵǰϷ¼ʮ£滹˷бײ㡣
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Ȼǿ󣬵󷨲ܵģɱǲ־ãǿһҵƽ֮ͻ᲻һһ󷨱ƣ˶ܵ˺
Ҳ޿ֹʵȻЩ󷨿ԣҪԽʵԽǿ˶಼ϲףԽԽ죬˵ϵĴƺֻܷһιһܴЧͻԶƵһЩĶܶôһСᡣ

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˵һ㣬ƺݲ߶˽Ǳߵ֪Ƥë㲻ϡˮ΢Ц˵
Ҹоʺ㣬֪㻹ûǸȥһսǱƼҵˣҲ˵ʲôЩ˵ײѪŨˮûʲô˺ͻˣǿʼɣ˻̧֡
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ʱͲǴľ񹥻ˮоʺϣ޴İѹֱ˷ľ޽ϡ
ԣ
޴ʨֻصһ¾ͱˣӵҲ˲٣Է̧һ޴ʨն
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ˮ£ƴκˣһ޴Ľɫӣǰǿ󣬴Ÿ˺ѵصӭŷɽײ˹ȥ
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ոƵԷʨͻȻԷֱӴѾ޴ʨ˶һѣǰʤһ
ҵĲѾ޽ɢڿУշħ治ˮоԺҪúоһ
ٽӣ
һҲİѾ޴ʨǰ˿ˮɱһǿľѹΧȫ֡
ξ޴ĽɫӱֱӺ䱬ʣİʨƲˮ
ѹʵҲ½٣İʨĴڡ


1114 ɱ飬ɱ顭
ޣ
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ˮӰȫܶԷʶӰ죬ĴеĻһһžžЩ޴ʨϡ
ٶȺͲսЧرٶȣҪһ̶ȿԱ˵ٶ졣
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շħĹ庣ڣ
ʱ򣬾޴ѩ׳޴ɽ㵹һˮһˮرĽӲһ̽Ӳޱȡ
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ǵļһЩ˵ľȣƼǸо׺䶥ʮ˲ԺƼҺܳһʱػȻϣԻϲٵӡ
ûˣһоô׵ûˣǰڱƼҾ޿սʤĴڣڱƼҾͿȴûˣʲôҲûˣ⻹㣬Ǹħš
ӥɫҪγˮһ˫ӥĿĶˮɱˣˮѾˡ
Ƽһкܶˣô˴ʱԶȴһɺ⣬嶼е䡣
֪ʲôʱѾʼƮѩôͻȻˮʱ̧űƼȥʨȥ
ƼǰǱѪծԻ˰ɣծߵļɣôȥˣڻǲԿˮһһ΢ЦţЦڳĺܶ˶оͬħһ
һҶҸʲôôʮٱĸ㣬ұƼҿɵĸߡӥˮ˵һˮǾȵĻ
һҶûиʲôôһҶҵŮӣһҶҵŮҵŮҺģҵŮ˵һҶҸʲôˮЦżǰߡ
ûҿǸ˲ţűƼһһɳ졣ӥеӲ˵
ƼҵһǺҪʲôֱȡͿˣѵƽƼҺЩǻܴ߲ɡ
ΪұƼңӥٴϬĿˮǰ˵нʵҲǸͷܳɹСӿޱȣʱõֶΰԶڱƼңܵƼʧġ
Ҳ֪нϲܣֻ
Ǿԣ
ˮ˵ֱӽɽȥ渳˽շħ
޴ĽɫɽűƼڵĵطХȥʱƼѾվһ滹вǱƼҵˣܺܶഩʨķȴվԶԶλá
ԣ
꣡
ˮ˫ȫʩչ˫꣬ȫ״̬£ԽʮǵʵһӽƼڵλý췭ظ
ǲҽϣɥ֮Ȯӿ
󡭡
ӥҲҴ⣬ȥ֮ĺȵ
Χˮȥǵأ
ʨ
ɽ
ޣ
̤
ʱ򣬼ŮҲ˳ɱУˮһü뵽ʥʯָ̤ʵһ㡣
壡
ݡ
֮ܶУͷгƬ룬һʱܲʱˮûͣ򡭡ר˻ǿɱ
ˮȫڼŮˮʶչűӥˣʵǿѾ
ʨ
ʨǿıʱı󣬴Ƿǿ޷ӥ汱ƼҵҲڵѪƼҵĻҵˡ
еѾӣƼҵ˵ɱ˵ļˣɱ޹ȴǱɱζ
ƼңЩ飬͸뵽н죬ɱߺɱ֮ƶбѭҪ£±ҪˡˮƽвϵոһΧ۵˻䡣
ɱ飬ɱ顭


1115 Ƽɱﵣһ
öʱ䱱ƼҾͱɱ˲룬Щ˶ǱƼҵıˣǧ֮࣬ҶǱƼҵľӢǸɣƼһѪЩδȴڱϵɱš
ѪƼҵѪҲʱǻ뵽ɱһҶҵ龰ͽǶô
һҶҲǴ壬ϲڵıƼٶ٣Χɱܳȥһ˫Ů˼ծˣҪѪծѪ
ӥеֻʮˣڲɱš
ӥڹţǲֵܣǱɱ𣿡ıƼ˴ĺš
ǰҶûв룬ΪʲôҪȥ

Щ˶ǱƼҵˣΪԪ˶϶ǱƼҵˣֻѪԵϵʵѾܷɢˣϾѪԵϵǱƼҵˣǷ޵ıƼˡ
˱Ƶ̶ȣܶ˿߹ŵıӥˣʮֱϵ͹Ǹɣһеֱϵ
üͷĺܽȻ¼û˵ôĿƺʣƺڵȴԷĻظ
¼һ»ĵͷȻͬʱĺʨסҪӵıƼˣɱ
³ͻȻΧʨ˶ǿʼΧ׷ɱˮЩ龰ûио˿֣ҲãȻҪܵһЩϾôѵʨ·ҶҲ
ˡºǾұұƼңǲúܿ졭ӥĺ
ѣѣʲôʱ㱱Ƽҵūˣʨˣ㱱ƼʲôϵЦ˲мĺߵ
ƼһҲԭģǷչĹ켣ƼѾҪˡºƽ˵
ΪұƼһܿǾ֪ˣ׼ܱƼҵŭɣУƼһһЩ˻Ǹģ
˵⼸֧ʨħ𣿿ϧߵĻ硣
ʱһ˳ÿ䶼壬ˮһЦˣɽˣû뵽ʱɽ˻á
ʿ㡭ΪʲôҪôӥƺĶڶ¡
ΪʲôҪôȥĶӰɣȻΪŮ˾ɱӣǱƼҲǾȡʿ޺޵˵
ϺͿҶǶСɱˣƾʲô˵ҶɱģСɱġӥߵĺ
ҺͿԵҵɱɽˣΪҳɱӣĶӣűӵʵǿֹһ۸һθΪһŮ˰Զַɱ
ӥҲ֪û˿ɽѾѱƼҵļ֧ҲˣͻȻоһԨ
ʿ֪ǲǱӥĶɱԼӣֻҧ˵ǣһ˿ģ̫ˣɽΪڵıƼҡ
ûԶҲûԶĵˣοɽûгޣһӻȥԷҲǲģ˵ɫܼᶨ;ܿӲģһ˵ѺͲ˵ǲһģװ̹ȻҲ
棬棬֪ڸƼҪˣҪˣϻ𣿡ӥʱȴſкš
˶һЩ˻֪ƼôһϵˣѾ£û֪ʲôΪ
ˣ
һƵ̾û֪ǴĸģȴǶֱȭͷؿһƵĸо
棬棬ЩҪƼңƼҪˡӥʱﻹƽʱ磬ڸɥ֮Ȯҡβų
һߵһϾ군ˣѾʧȥһ֮ġ
ԶһӰһ͵ߣһľһĹȣڿ·ٶȴǸһ
ڵһһΪһƽĳĺˣû˸СȻôƽ
˵Ӻͨ˫ۻǣƣǺ֣ˮʶܵԷѾʱʱ޵״̬ǿΪҲ֧Ųʮˡ
ˮ˵ΪȻܲôɲ⣬·Լʵơ
Ƭ֮Ѿ˱ӥ̧ǵ۹⿴ˮΧһһ۾ڿ˵ʱƺȫǰ׵ġ
һ˿߻ΪϹˣˮʶԼܵɢһϢ
棬棬ǣǣҺ¼ҶѾѣɱǣɱǣҪӥȥ󷨷ŭĺ
ž
һĶ𣺡ڵӣӲôҶ֪ôϱƼģѵƼû𣿡
桭
ӥˣġ
Ƽн첻֣Ϳˣֻû뵽ô죬һʮԪΪգˣԺƼҾͺݳ׶ˡҡҡͷ˵еƵȴûǰ˵ƽˮ
棬ɱǲ練𣿱ƼڣܿġӥѾ˼ң֮λҲ᲻ʨ֮λ
ѾƼҵˣƼǻФеġľʹֱӴڱӥؿڡ
ӥѪĵɳȥʣһ
ӥλˮǰʱ˵ɱҲΪһҶֻع֪ܲöĳ޻⡣
ͻȻһƺ˵ϣˮѾһϢıӥ֪Ѿûоˣֱý𶪻ˡ
ҪǱƼ˵ˮ˵
ˣݵıƼǲҲҪǵ˿ˮ
ҾҪıƼʧˮҡҡͷ
úãȻѾǳɶˣͷҾ档˵⻰ʱӰƺ΢΢ֱˡ
ҽɱɱ˵ϤҵΪȻ㲻ƽ˵Ӱһ
ˮɫüŮУ˵ĲȻǲе񣬾Ҳ¡
̫鲽
ͽǳ֮Σ侮ʯɱ͵һҺ¼ȥ
Һ¼ɫ䣬ǸڣǰˮƨΪ֮ƿʨģ̫ͻȻˣһʱɫ䣬֪˵ҪҺ¼Ҵȥ
ס
һЩ˺ˡ
еĿľһĹһӣһźһ޴ĺɫ޳ЩߣһŨҵȳӿ֮£ǲûã·ǴӺë׽塣
ж



1116 Ƽɱﵣ
ܿкֱܶӱɫޡɣжǾ綾ôʱѾ˲°֮ࡣ
ҪˣұһҪɱܲġ˵ӰͻȻ˺ºǰ
еĹȾôĴȿһĿľ֦һĵ¼Ȼ޿ɱܡ
һڻɫϢĹֱӵ˵ؿڣǰӥؿһֻһɱ
ܸɾֶΣʬܿȻڣ˿ͷƤ飬ⶾԺǿ
֦ʮĶľģһҪСˡɱٵҺ¼ҵ֮ˮ˵
ɽȻôͲҪȥˡʱ۾ʿˣӰһʿ˳ȥ
ʿǸ֣û뵽ƼһϹʵǰѾ˵иϹ˵ѾˣˣǱƼҺܶҲ֪һĴڡ
ֻʿϾޱȣܶ˶ǣֲ뿪˭ҲϹע⣬ﱻϹﶢֻ·һ
ˣɱҲˣǿʼɣ
ʿɫޱ䣬ѾܵԼƺסһ罩ֱһܶʱᱻϼһʱˮ֣Ǵһһ˵Ĳӡ
ͬʱˮӰһסˣʿоѹʧˮлѸٳˣһͬʱˮҲǴмǸѾ϶Լˡ
ˮǹôʱʿһ練ƣԼĿҲǴﵽˣɽͱƼҵĶԹǳ׽ˣɲΪƼҵ˻һԻ©ģЩԺͻɥɽС
оˮɽѹԺʨ룬ʨǸʵһҶ󣬻ҪƿһЩ뿪Ҳûйϵʮ߲ʲô
ȻôҲáеĹֱˮȥ
̫鲽
ˮϹ΢Цֱʩչ˰Բ
ͬʱȻ˵۷壬¶˵ĹʮĶľģԷһڲκ⡣
˿ˮӰͲǵ˫һļµ⣬һӡ
ӡ
һɫľ޴һԴŴʹȳޱȵϢˮȥ
ʨӡ
ˮֱʹʨӡһŽӲӵʨͷɫײȥ
һŴǿҵľ綾ľһǴźȻľ
ž
Ȼž޴ͷˣˮĺģһνռһϷ硣
̫ˡ˵ʵҶɱ㡣
̾һӣһɫĴ׳ϢڹȵǰˣӰһˮȥֱˮ
ɽ
ˮ˫ֹշħ˾ɽϣֱȥ
ֻƾǹʴǵˮ֪˵Ŀ£οⶾҲǿޱȣ˵ʵҲԼǿԹа
ϧˮԸĹ֣
һ
һϢһˮΪĵӿȥһаġжĶʧ
һİԵ֮ˮڵĵطԵ֮أܾһа񣬺;Źеһƴ֮ڣưԣ
ԣ
ӵɽϣֱӴߵĻ֮ǽһɫĻǽһĶǿֵסˮĹ˱ȥס
ҲˮʵܷӳǿһʵԽ˾Ĺ˾ɽʵϿȫںϣҲǾɽ棬ȫںϣʵȫӡ
ںԾɽΪǣܶʱΪϾʩչģΪ۲ɵʱ򣬾ҪһЩΪǼܡСֵİӣǸӹи
ȫۣһֱۣĴһЩ
ȻҲԽһЩӣ˵ʮĶľģǿֻˮıǽѾûЧﵽʵһѾûʲôã˵ʮĶľӶԵġ
һԸа˵̫ˣֱӲˮ֪˺˼ɵعҲ֪ĹƷо˵ʵڶ֮ࡣ
ԼסԷĶ߶ԷĶԼûã˵ʵɣΪųɾŵ˻¶ġ
˲ĵٴ˼ΣһⶼǶʧֻƾʵĶ֡
һӣ
˲ǰֻޡ
Ǽޣ
޴˵ݺܶ࣬ȴǺټֻ޴޺Ұţĺվһﱤһִֻĺף⣬һֱԵޣͦʺʨɽһĺ֮أǼԭƺҲӦ
һʮǵʵֻһֻӽǣݵʵҲ߲˶٣ΪǼһǿѹֻʱƣƺʱ䲻࣬ǼطԸõ档
ǧ
ֻ޷ݳɰΧˮȥͬʱ޴Ŀѩ׵ĺ֮סһ㡣

ˮһȻԵĺ䣬һЩҩжںΪĪΪԭ򣬻Ҳл𶾡
ˮһһҲôԵھôͣԺǲǻǿ˵Щá
ˮȫˣˮʱر𣬼ϻϵޣȫƣʵЩ޸ϲ٣һȥ
ҽǺۼ׶͸ˣһֱӳɳȥ޴ޱϸĻֱӳɣǳرӾ
˱ΪֻްôҲ赲һˮϿȫѹˮǰˣˣˮʵǼǿ˺ܶ࣬Ƶȫˣǰٷ֮һʮ˺һûɱҲش
ǸһЩݵֱӱСûκеʮ궾ľҲ˰裬ûЩʵˮе㲻磬һʱû
֪ˮĻ֮ûãȻȵġ
ʱƽԶԶĿˮɫƽƺԥʲô˵ˮҲûɵĸоһĻţ֪Ϊʲô
ԶŮѾУ΢ƽһ㣬ˣԥʲôµǱƼʧ
ˣʵа취ɱ㣬ӦúѸ١̧ͷˮȻóһɫơ
ŶΪʲô֣ˮеơ
֪ʲô𣿡ûдˮĻƽʵ
ˮҡҡͷû˵
ʨһֻĽʨ˿ˮ˵Ļٺܶ˶ú
ʨˮˣɱﵣҲǱƼɱﵣֻΪʲôһֱûʹãʱԥˣˮеɻ


1117 ʨһӣ
оˮɻݵʵҲѱʨʨҲе˽⣬һֺѪ˵ԶѪޣǿ
ǰ˵һһֻʨǽֻǶˣȻû⣬𣬴ʹþҪһʱ䣬֪ʱûС
ʥʯָ
ʱʥʯָͼŮǿԵģһЩڳŲס˾Ͷһ¡
ˮڲǲ˵ĻԼʮλˮɱ˶ǴݻϹϱعҪطϡһ㣬ӵҪϲ١
ȻнʨΪʲôʹأˮ߶ȾУ˳
֪ҵʵԽʨӡУֻʨһֵֻ˵Ľʨ㲻Ҫʵ˿ˮ˵
ˮ֪ΪʲôԷҪԼ˵ЩΧ˶ÿ˶ǽŵţΪҲϵǵ
˿ˮЦֻʨֻһӵȴǱݺͱƼ˺ӡһɱҡ
ˮ֪ˣֻνֻһӿɻĽʨûбѱֻýʨһӵʱɱ¾
ʨɱ˲֣Ϊ˷ӡĳУṥΧʵǿˣ޵ֱжϣΪʵǿĶв
ҲΪųʨͻԲĹͷǲôģ쵽һͲʲôŮýʨŰһӣһӦܵƽһɡ
˼ңҿɲһ⡣ˮʵ
ʰɣֻҪ˵һ㡣ƽĿˮ
ݼǿʲôʵˮܺ棬ܺݵʵûĴڡ
˳һ»˵ҼǿƵʵ
һ˵ֻˮȻǸΧˮҲ˽ֻصǶ٣
Ϊһƣ
ˮһ㶣ΪһƣƵʵǶôĿֲԼǿҲֻܴƵʵƺĺܶࡣ
л
ˮûʲô磬֪˲˵ˣʵˮĲƽһʲôΪݾǵۣͨˣһЩɱŵȣЩǿĴڰɡ
Ҳݲ׷۷塣
׼ˣһӣҪܳŹһӣʤˡ˿ˮĴеơ

һĻ˶£֣һɱŰϢӣžһֻ׳ľ޴ޣƣ޴ʨӵȴǱʨӱҺββһܳʮ׸ߣһ˶ԴͷϵĽҲ׳
ȻðŽɫĻ棡
˵Ľʨ
ˮֻоѹܶ˾ȵǽʨľٶ
һ޴ĺкֱһˡ
˵ûЦſˮôһıʨ̵
ڶˣһʱֲҶֻоʨĺܣЩƺ˽ʨ
޴ӰһͳЩԶȥˣһڽɫĻֱӽЩ˻Ϊҽ
нϬ棬޼᲻ݣоͷ·ѷޱȵĵתҽʡ
һºܶ˶Ҷˣƺ˭ܵü˭һʱٴ˰ٶˣˮվûжʱϹȥҲ㡣
ʵڿֱʹʥʯָʹýָʱ뿪һӺ֪ʱôҪˡ
ûжʱ䣬˲ʱʨͻȻˮȥˮ󾪣ôаյıԵǾǿ϶ʨһṥԼ
ˮִɽ赲һ£ȻѸٵĽޡͷ뻽ڵκֹۣܲɢˮоľôɵġ
أ
ɽֱӱʨһצ˻ɽˮʶƾɽڽʨϿգʱ׼¡
콵
շħ
۽𾦣
֮
ˮʱҲ˵ʲôˣֻҪԷģ۶ٶϣмýָСΧŲΡ
׻
ͷгƬŽʨΧȥ
ܺĹһӵʱҲ㣬һˮоϵ޻Ǻܺõģر޺ͷ룬гô룬вһЩͷģЩǸӣĳʨ
ʨϵŭ𣬳Ƭ뱻ɱʱͷҲǲϵĴ˿ƣЧãͷǿ󣬿˿ȻֻڶԷմôһ˲ͻᱻնϡ
ʴҲǣˮ֪ʵ̫
˿ɣ
ʹúٶʱһӣÿʹΡ
ͷ˿ɵ״̬²ϵЩ߲סʨʨȻǿ󣬵ҪȫջЩҲҪһʱ䡣
ԣ
ҲЩŭ˽ʨ޵׻ŭ˽ʨһƵĽǰײһͨһͨȼ˽ɫĻ棬ʨվУڵһֻԨҵĶħ

ֻҪһֱӻᱻճɻҽ
ǰеЧģˮǰߵĸо
շħĹ庣ڣ
Ӳӵľ޴ɽбһŽʨȥ
ɽ
ˮƾɽֱң
׻
ڲϵ׻ˮڲʹ׻Ȼٷְԣʵ̫һ˲䶼Ļûõġ
ԣ
ʨſһž޴Ľɫһֱײ˽ɫϣһӱ飬ɫڿС
ʵˮǿܶ࣬ˮȷеĹƳʨʵ
ۣ棡
޴ķ۾ͻȻ޴˫з·ǽɫĹһ貶Ŀ
ˮ˫ٴνӡ
շħѹ
һǰʲôĽɫӣĽɫȻһЩɫɢһֳׯϵϢ
ˮе
һҧ⣬˫ѹ
޴ĽɫѸѹȥǰٶҪ˲١
׻
ʱ޺ˮʶʹ׻
ԣ
һ˲ԣ޴ĽɫӴǵصصҪ½Ľʨϡ
ԣ
ˮȫʩչһǰԼѹ׵һ˳շħĵǰ״̬ʩչ޷ʩչ۾һԽʹó
棡
ǹôһʱʵʹʹõĹ
ʨҳףɫһήңʱ޵׻ǲϵڽʨϡ
Խʨʵ׻Ĺǲǰ׻ȴԵ˿ͷ׻۾ΪԱܿܿ۾ȴǴϡ


1118 ͬھйԽϣһ߼
ֻ֪ʱѾȥ˲ӵʱ䣬ˮо·ȥ˺ܳʱ䣬ɲʨԺԥֵսк

Լ֮ˮѺֻ޲ˮվȸλľһЩ
ɽһֱͣڶԷϿţЧ󣬲ˮҪɧţǼŭʨһҪٵɽ뷨ʱ䡣

ʨһĺɢһʵһĽɫΣɽƿһЩұֱʧһٴֻһνʨûȥ׷ǣˮ³һµĹˮ
һεסһĸоˮһߣʥʯָǲǿ
ף
ˮĵǻãʥʯָӦֻҪ״̬¾ͿʹðɣĶסԺ޷ʹˣ类ס߱סǰʶҪԼƣ˱ǻˡ
ޣ꣡
ЩȻҲһ㣬ƺ޷ʨʲôʵ˺Ѿûж೤ʱɻˣʱ䲻ɴ⣬ļŮˮѾʱ׼ʹʥʯָ
ˮ΢иһʱ򣬽ʨٴһϸ΢ĽߣһŵĴﵽˮϡ
ûκηӦ
ͻȻˮоӰٶһƺֻԾˮҪ׼ʹʥʯָʹʥʯָȻߣߵ⻹Ҫһʱ䣬ǵﴦ֮⡣
ʱˮ˵ƺѾûˣ޴Ӱ⽫ˮ֣޴Ӱˮ𻨡
йԽϣ
ˮؿһһɫֱ˽ʨľ޴Դٶȿκ˶ûпˮͿйԽϵҲᷢ
йԽȻǿ󣬵ʨ̫ˣôһĽҪɱʨҪһЩʱ䣬οܲɱǸ⡣
޴צӭˮܵ˫ֽһ㵭Ľ֡

أ
ˮֱӱķɣɢһѪĵɳȥȴǷֽʨίҵԭҡҡ׹ǰƺرʹĺţֻ޴צԴĴ
԰
ˮɻ󣬾ǿйԽϴЧʨĹԼ幥㣬ɱġ
׵
ˮͬίҵʹ׵ϻָ˴롣
ԭؼʱ̾Լޣʹͬھս
ͬھԼ˳ɵƻȡĿ˳ɵƣ˺ͬӣҲʹÿµĹ֣˫ܵ˺ͬھֱ˲ҪĿ
һֻʹһΣʵʱɹʺܵͣ
һγɹˣɹԭǿйԽϣһ˲ľýʨľ˾޴޵ͬھȻɹˡ
ò˵̫ˣˮþ˲ˣýʨĹˮǼһ
˳ɵѾ˻ϺѾˣοֻʨǰˣһ˵ʨֻܻһӵʱ䡣
ˮСɻôصˣһˮ־ĺôǿȿ£㹻ǿڸǴӹɢһ޸ơ
ټͼϹˮָٶȿޱȣȻǲܺȵġ
ΧһƬ˶ûп׷ʲôΪˮҪˣ˾ȵˮ˺ΪʲôʨȴͻȻһϢһ
ʨ˵鶼ˣԶʣһЩƼ⵽Һ¼ԼɽΧɱ
ŮѳվˮߵǵĿϲأǰһ˲ǳ˳һĶˣرһҶǷһĽסˮķɵӡ
ˮһԼ֪ʲôʱѾ档
㲻£ˮǻûסһҶ豧Ϣ΢ˮ
ӦһҾͲˮ岻ϵڻָǵѪҺ磬һҶֲȴ
ҴӦ㣬ʲôӦ㣬һʮǧҶӦ㣬ֻҪšһҶʲôֲں

ˮվڿУȻ˵úأֲޱȣɽ˴ʱվˮԶƼʣһЩҲȫʧˡ
ˮվûȥҺ¼ңǿѾٳĽʨô޾ҪˣѶϣҪƽٴηӡȥûаһκ˵ˮҲҾ
ʱҲˣˮŮţѪ˭ܿʱĲһ
վס˭ҲܿʿҲûпˮס˶ˡ
ôˣҪҪĵʵˣͨ塣
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ˮ㲻ҪǡŮ滨һˮ
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֪ʱΧܶΧ˹ʿĿƣٱһֵѹƵˡ
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ʱһ˴ĺ˺˳еֻǿ˵ҪһЩʱüβסһ˿⡣
ˮ΢΢۾˭ҲûпĻָţĲᣬ˵ͬʵǻɡ
ˣҺ¼ҵֱϵͲֹǧˣڻкܶഩʨεվ
˿ԷٿˮٿٶˣˮûɱǣҪƾԼ̳ʨ룬ûκ
˸ǰԼһЩլַˣʱܰᵽƼңᵽ˱ƼңԼȴǳģ
꣬Ҫˣվһҿɲܱ֤á俴Ŷ겻õ˵
ƼѾˣѾˣͣ֡꿴˵
һ飬صʨ뻹ѳʨ룿һ䡣
꿴ˮߵŮҡҡͷǱǸ֮ˣǾͰɣһǻ뿪
꿴ˮ˵
ˮûۣ¶΢Цֻû˵
ʿڳߣǻǰһʨɽˮˮ֪ɽĿ£Ȼܾ˵ĳ档
ҲɽҵȵãҲκ˺ˣǷġʿҡҡͷƽ˵
ʿʮ˵ҲǰվʿҪ֪ʿɽݲͣοʿΪҲףɱҪǺ鷳
ʱﻢ£俴˿¼ҵˣٿǸֱӻ֣ɱΪԼɱһɱǶԻһƿ񵤺Ѫ


1119 ծĻһҶĹ԰
ʨ벻ˮⷽɽͶΧסˮǣǿߣ˺ɱЩ練ơ
ʿˮ˺
ɱһҪǸˮɱȻǾ͵ɱˮģһƿͼʥ޵ߵŮһĺ
ˮһֱŵ۾ȻһһȻ˵ĺؿɲ֣ܶһֱڿûʸӹʨ롣
Ҫʨ벻ֵΪļ尲ȫҲΪܸõȥݡ
˫ѽ֣ˮһҶ裺׼ͷˮ޹͹Ǹ˵ˡ
һҶͷͷˮȥˮ׻žһ׻
ͷˮ޾޴ıֱӷԴϣͷˮ޾ݵʵǺܿµģɱ練ơ
ʨţҺ¼ҳɲּ̡ͣʱĺȵ
ɱͨ˵߱߰һʨɱɱӺ
ٶû뵽ûɱӺһó汩ˣΪɱ¼һµĶӣǰΪɱӺûп
ƥΪ¼ЧȻɱҶӣֵǣļ岻ֵͶ˵һǶ֪ôġ
һһߣĵߣһըˣֱӰ¼Һը
ˮ۾һҶϣʱ̵´棬ڻָͼŮ練ƣûбҪߣǰЩʵȻǿ󣬵ûзС
氲Һ¼ҵĶȻôһʵеϷ¼Һǿˮ˲ʨ롣
ʨõĪڰȴǺֵҲЩʧȥ˲ˡ
ʨȻܷ⣬ʨĵ̲ǶǰЩˣرʮݻԼǿıһ
ЩûˣʨھǱƿأλҲһǧɣʹǴȴ类ϻ̴棬ɲһɱһֻǡ
Ҳ̫ϳϻˣҵλͣˮһѡһΪϢֲĸооΪ
˼ңʨ뽻ˣڸҪԼˣżҲˮЦ˵
̾˿ͷ֪ôģԺκ飬ʱȥ
ǰҪΪƼңʨĵǷչҪƼҵһЩˮЦ˵
ʨĵʵȱƼҷḻ˽ĵģƼЩû˽ʨĶˮƼҶߣֻѼһЩõĶ
ϣûµĿԺ϶߶߶ֻкôûлƼûˣ֮ǰһҲ˰ɣˮŶʿ˵

ˮһ̤ʨ룬סϼ죬ŵĵصǱƼңʱѾһ޴Ŀլˡ
ƼҵĸۡϣռǧĶſ޴ʨǡʯɵģʮ׸ߣɢϵϣʾŸۡ
ׯ԰̨ͤ¥µĽ죬ǺĶ죬ԺһȻȪɫ¥ǶģǺܸߴȴǿܺء
Ůˮһ䰲ãˮûȥʱƼҵļôˣ֪ҲԸ֪
½ôĲпᣬӦֻͻᱻ̭ǿʳĴ½ƴľ˭ȭͷˮԼûеʵһ·֪˶ٴˡ
ϴ裬ˬ·ˮϴŵֱȪţȪȪΧһ㵭ůֻҪΧͻرů͡
ˮǺһҶǴ·棬Ȫˮģתת˵ûᴳˮҲǴ·һҶ͸˵ˡ
һҶ費ݣˮһ仰ֻ
һҶӦֻҪʲôӦ
Ťˮˮ˳Ʊס·ʪ߱¶ֻޱȣֱˮӣûйֵľٶֻ巴ӦѾܵˡ
ʨˣһҶҲǳ׽ˣһ뵽ȥһҶңһҶһ䡣
ˮȻܸоôˣô䡣
ȥһҶҡһҶ˵
ʲôѵģߣȥˮЦűȪг
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粻ˡ˵˵·ɡ
Ѿͷ𣿡ˮЦʵ
ӦùȥˡһҶЦгͷˮˮ֡
ˮЦЦסͷˮһҶҷȥ
һҶҾڱʥﲻǺԶ£һ·еȤˣһҶҲƽϹŵЦݣҸЦݡ
ˮ˵ģҴӦһǰѾӦˡһҶˮǰЦ
˵ʲôӦҵġˮЦ˵
뻳ˮƺҲ˺صĵӣʮ꣬ʮʱ䣬ԼµĿʵˣŮԼеĵλĺءء
ŮˣͲҡһҶ۾˵
ǣˮһμ˵СŮ˵Ļһ㶣ȴЦ˵ڻŮˣǲ൱Ůˡ
Ǹ쵰ˣ˵ĻҪһҶһ
úãҴӦ㣬ҾͲܱס
㻹˵

ˮһҶ赽һҶסĵطʱѾˣ˵ͷˮ޵ٶȲ죬ûô졣
ǣﲢûбӣ˿յĴƺѾܶûпˣĽܶ·Ǳճ˺ɫ
ǰʲôûˣǴҲ⼣߰ߣǰһһҶ컺ƿš
⼣һ䡣
һ򿪿ȥһƬӲݺ˺ܶľкܶķصأöƼҲҪôҲΪһҶҲ㱣
ƼҿǴһҶ׼ҵĳƺŰЩɱġ
һһҶ졢һҶ軹ﶼᣬȻʼЩصѰҡ
ҵ˸ĸķأЩĹ￴Ϥ֣뵽ӳʱ龰ƬլԺǵյʣµġ
һҶһҶſǳһǰһˮȪӿ
ףǰϢɣѾ

˰һҶ´ɨؽĳһҶҵĹ԰˴ɨ㡭
⼸һҶÿ춼㣬˵˵ЩֽǮʲôġһϰףˮþеǰܿ졣


1120 Ȼף·Ѿ˺ܳܳ
ˮڰͻصʨ뱱ƼңȻ󽫱ƼѼһ£ˮҵһЩͼʥ޵аٶƿ
ǰֻмƿоеֲںˣ㹻ˣ˵ͼʥ޵֮⻹ҵ˲ٵҩݡҩϣ֮ﷴֵǮĶ
ˮĶûãҪһЩͼʥ޵һЩҩ֮࣬Ĵ󶼸˼ŮƼҵսǿԶ
ɫ磬ˮˣˮżŮﶼõͼʥ޵ȥѱһֻǿޣ֮ȥɾѸٻؼһˣȻˣΪҪһǰݵʱ䡣
ɾˮʲôҲûҪһʱ䣬ɾöþͿˡ
ʨˣˮҲһǰоѾϢˣ˵ĽŲѾͣˣĸ߶Ѿ̤۷ˡ
ˮ뵽Ҳһһ㶵ģ֪ͷԼѾ˺ԶԶǰֻģ붼ĸ߶ȡ
ʨǰʮǾ͸о̤ƽʨһֱٶǵʵǿ̤ƽҲһɥڴˡ
ǰûôĴﵽʵɽݵʵһɳ죬֪Ҫ޺飬û޺оûκϣԸƼҡ
оޱȵɣһ뵽۳оЩģʵʵֻֿʵǿػߵ˺ѡ
ҲûΪԼʲôıߵ˿ҸţĶҪȻԼŮ˺ͺô򵥶ѡ
һΪԼϲŮмӶһ·ڣʲô鶼˫棬ʱ鷳һǻ£鷳˲Żܵá
鶼ˣҲûȥˣȥЩӣ׼͸ȥˡ
ɾɽҲڱʥݵı棬ﲻ̫ԶˮŮȥѱޣ˳ȥ
ǿӡ˽ʨƣиô޷ӡȥȫֹֻʨѾʣһӡȥһֱһ
ʶ֮ѾǺȶˣϧʵĶѾǰʵ̶Ҫǿʵ·߲
һЩ˵е¼浱ȻǺǿģ΢һĶҲãֻǱȽСѡ
ھݴ½һЩϲ٣Զʱ²٣ֻҪʵǿͶһЩвٺôġ
ˮɱ˲ǿޣϱƼҵղغܶʺ϶¼סĲϣЩĶˮ˺ߵŮ˵ģҪЩ¼϶ˮ˷
·һǼӷķ϶˺ķЬǼ󣬶ͼģˮҲһֱŬ̳ܵɹģԴ̷ܵûмϣÿ춼һᡣ
һֲֻǿԵ󷨣Ե̡ǻģʽ̳Ҳͬãϧǲܺظʹãˮ˵ʡϴˣȻʺϼŮ
ԵУ콵ķЩֻܻ
ʵˮøǿƤǶ¼׺սȹʲôģµ󷨣ÿ˶ףսģҲк֮࣬ġ
ʶҲﵽ˺ڽ׶ΣˮܿģȻһֱûʹôǧһֱǿԴ򴸶
һֽչˮѾӵһڣңǿ壬ЧҲ
ϽҲû£ֻƺԽԽǿϣֻǴʮа˴ʧܡ
ϿӱĳʵϴɹʱȻӱʵ˳ɵʵˮܼΪԺÿһнжܱǰһӱһɵʵӱɵʵӱĳɵʵоȻӱ˳ɵʵ
Ҫ֪ˮıʵﵽ˲ǧ£ĳͻǺܿ͹۵ġܶںһ
֮ǰˮҲܿ϶ÿһеѶȾͱ֮ǰһֹοϽҪԡ
һҲҪһЩϾһЩʽҪһЩѶȵĶ֮ҪԻ͸
ĳɵıı仯ʵ˲ʮǣҲˮоԽԽǿֻǺ͸ˣʵԽǿϽͿԷӸʵοϽҲֱӵʽޱȡ
ҲֻûͻƣȴѧǺ;йϵģһǸĿһǽĿ꾫츳
콵࣬ڰٷ֮塣
ʤˣοˮ԰̷һͷͷϣսʱҲͷͷڵģҪʱҲܾģϺõͷͷ̫ˣ汳ԴͷҲûãǴ˵
һֱɾʮſʼʲôģʱѾȫȬ˰쾲Ϣʱ򣬾Ϳ׳ɽҵЩŮͼھ֪ŮͼһܣŮͼϵŮӻûͨһ쾭ʮ쾭֪ȫͨʲôô֪ӦúѣΪʮŮͼ֪ܲȫ뵽ҡҡͷ֪ΣѵҪǶȢ
۳ݣ̨ҲҪȥݣͻȻˮ뵽ˮŮˣԼԡ֮һֱûм֪ôˣ˵ſŮͼ
Ůӷٸ߸üͣղʩɫ糯ϼӳѩɽŮգΨһ˫綬պ
ɫһѩ׵βסߣ絶ǰĻľĶǣأ޳Ľ¶һ˫貨ɢӨĹ󡭡
ɢһ˲µʣˮɿŮˣ䣬һĹ°
ſŵˮеˣ˵ˣȻԼܸоǷͻȻһϤĸо
ʶӦʶ
һȺɽˮеŮվһ嶥ˮĲԶλ
ˮ뵽ܾǰλһûȥĵطǺ͵ڳϼҾ߳ǣоǺŮˮ
û뵽Ѿǵڶʶˣһһδȥĵطλ
ˮ̧ͷʱúǺһľĶǣִӽŵ䵽ͷĸо
ˮվǰֲȻһûɱԼվǰ֪ܴܲӮŵܴʱһһΣʱȴǷԼеǷġ


1121 䣬йԽϣɽ
ʵľı仯ҲԽԽ࣬ϾĵһΣʱûɱԼѾǺܺˣҪԭһԼΪ˾һ⣬Ҳ֪ȻԼԻᱻֱɱġ
Ů˿ˮ߲Զֻ޴Ϲ꣬ڿƺ󣬿˵ˮޣһСɽһ
ˮ֪Լ˵Զ˵ģֻǰߵŮӴŶʮ׵ʱּͣˣּ淽ʽ֡
ˮǿЦ˵ʨˣںɣŮҲĸԸǸ
Ĳټ㣬Ҳ롣Ů͸ȴֻɺܺһ˵ĺ䶳Ļȴ
֪ΣҵĲԣлл㵱飬ȻҲͲҵԸˡˮƽĿ˵ûб׽ҲûԶͬİ̸һȴƺİҪ׽һЩ
ˮĻƺŮһ㶣Ҳôһ㶣ɫѿϣԺ󲻻ټ龰ҲҪҲϣǼ顣
֪ңңɱңֻ˵Բ֪㿴ңҲʲô뷨ֻ㲻Ҫôѹˮɬ˵Ҳ֪˵ʲôһŮ˿һֱ֮ôãԼ飬ûɲԼ
Ů˳Ĭһ᣺ûк㣬ΪҴûмס㣡
ˮʱҲ֪˵ʲôͲóοŮôԼ
ǲݡ
ҪˡŮ˵ӰͿʼһģ
ǷģһᲹģҪʲôҶ㡣ˮѾʼʧӰ˵
˳ʶˮ˵Ϻã˵ϻоҪеνԴõһҪǶԷϡмᣬ뵽ֿЦˣԼ𣿶ԷԼ
˵ûмסԼҲûкԼƭˣˮԸܵԷںԼ޵úҲԭֲǲǵԼҲͲŲЩͷ
ˮ֪ôܺŮͼϵŮӽʶں͵۳ʶ޷Ҳǣںˮ׵ŮʶҲƺڲ
ǿĵӣûҪΪ¸ԼҲʹ죬׿ЩˮͶ뵽С
ˮĵиѪеĿйԽϣȻΪʳʨľѪ巢һ䣬δ֮һҪСԴˣǺܿɰֻ͵һΪ̫СһҲÿһͿ
йԽϣ
ˣ
Ҳһ޴ľϲˣйԽˮҲµɱﵣйԽԽǿԽģҲԽ㡣
ˮѪҺ仯֮иѪصѪҺڿйԽϵĳɳСж£ҲǺ
ڶˮú磬ѾȫָԺд̫ȭˬܿ켸ŮСֵ˶ˡ
֮ʱҪԹžż֮˵ʱڲ֪йȥ
ʨѾȶˣֻǺǰʵڲ˺ܶ࣬ձԻһǿɡ
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͵жʿˣˮҲǿһΣʱǵǷģ͹ˣһѾܲˡ
ɽʨɽԶҲʱ䣬оУһ첻ʱ͵ˣʵˮɽ󣬱ϾطһϢ֪滹Ǽ١
һɽɽˮʹģһ޴ɽȻɽΰҲѷɫʲôһֺĸо
ˮǵú¼˵мλãɾһػΣյģʶ˽ʨĿ£ˮѾٺǿޡ
һսˮսʶ˺ܶ࣬ս飬ֶҪǰѧ䲻ܴϴܵĻ졣
ͨˣĴɽҵ׼ȷλ죬ﵽɽ֣ʱпֶܳޣµ޸ǲϵĳ֣һˮ˾ͻܣ˵һ˵ǿ󣬾ͼ˳Ҳתˡ
ɽԸһ㣬洦ԿľԽ¶ԽֲԽïܡ
ˮ˵ɾأôûе㿴Χ˵
һ˽ĵشѾˣǻûҵɽĺ֮Ϊȥҵɾڡ
Ӧÿˣ˵һϴĵشˮЦŽӵ
ˮ˵꣬ʶܵһǿϢһţˮִˮʶأѾǵϢץסںҪŮѱޣϢͦʵġ
˳ϢȥûһҾˣΪǰľһ޴ĶϿڣϿھɽһΪһ޴ĶϿʮ֮ǵϢԴҲˮǰ
ϿڴһƬֻ̣޴޳ˮǰǰǿϢϡ
ߺͳײǣ
ˮһޣǰĸܵϢҲͲΪˣƻܶУߺǶС
ߵӴϸ״֣ˮ״ϸǳɫľ޴ӿ׳ޣ޴ͷҲûеôֲ׳ر𺳣ټһԾ޴ɫ򣬿رƯ
Ȼߣȴ߹ѪͳѰй֮޲Ҳޣ֡
ײǻ죬Ҳʳ϶˵ĴڣǿĹǿķֱԺֱײ
ʵȻǿ󣬵ûзˮһԶַˮʵ˷츲صı仯ڶڱ˿ǿһ
˭Ҫֻߣ˭Ҫֻǣˮˣ˵ľˣһֻʹһεͼʥ޵
Ҫֻ߰ɣû˵Ц˵
úãŮ̸ͣʵߺʺŮ˵ģ̫ƯˣȻҲǿޱȵģΪǿķ
ѱףˮûֱӽֻƷ߱ѱײǱݺѱ
ݺӱԼзһ㲻ˮһѱһֻֻˮѱġ
Ҳûţеͼʥ޵ˮڣûѱ˳ѱֻ޺ֱӴɽȣǰһɽȣ̲Ȼ䣬ֲأҪܰ
ͻȻˮָоƺһصǣָо˷˼ˮָоһֺԼĳֶϵ
ſʶ˳Ÿоɽһȥ


1122 ɾӡоϾ
ˮǰϤӦȥǵǣԽԽҲԽԽϤֲ֪ʲôоָоûӡ
ŮҲˮܿ͵ɽȵһͷѾûϢˮеƣĪػľֻޣ뷨ɾӦûػġ
ˮǰһƬСС״Сһ԰ĳһˮرƯˮˮݲǺܶ࣬ȴǺЭ
ôĺʲôΣգûд͵ޣôСĺһǲزס޵ģԼǵ
ѵɾĽڣˮɻĿС
ˮ峺ףûзʲôڣˮվںţŮС֡һҶ졢չ嫵Ҳû˵
ͻȻˮ뵽ȥˮʱǴһ׽ȥģ̶ףѵҲǣ
ˮóǿŷֲˮ飬Ȼ˵ߣȥ
ŷֲˮ飬ΧܴһԲˮֱӿˣȥ󣬺һЩҲ̫
ܿ͵˺ףܲƽǼʯͷˮʲôģ٣ҲǰԺײûгֱĶ޵ĹͷһЩ
㿴ʲô
ڴѰҵʱָźһλ˵
һ׵ıϣǰʱڿԿˣһӴŵĶ⡰šǻģϻɽˮ֡𡢽ʯˮܾȣ⡰ϡȻͼȫ
ɢ΢һ˿˿ȻȴأǷȴ־ޱȣԼ֮͸һɴ硣
ˮͼֱʯţҵʱͻһǿƿܾҲ֡
ˮ׼ʯŵʱͻȻоɾһȻӦǿңһܵɾǸȴסˡ
رͼ
ܾ֮ǰŲرͼһֱûҵʲôطĲرͼʱǿҵķӦһϲоҲɾŲرͼĵص㡣
ˮóرͼʱһ˲ʯŷĹΣһͨˮǰеĲرͼȴʧˡ
ˮԥĺͼͨȥȻҺܳԾûʱԾˮȥϡ
ͨԼ׵ľ룬һ߳ͨʱˮЦˣĻɾһҪǺͲرͼϿĻһģһ
ǵŲرͼĵص㣬û뵽ʱײľȻҵҲǲСջɣǰʯţȲ˵ܲܺ俪Ǻ俪ҲԶɥʧҵɾĻˡ
ݺӿΧĵ˵
ǰｨӣסҲЦ˵
һһ˵ţȻ󵽴
һ򲻴ҲСɽˮѨʲôĶУ쳣֣û߶Զǰһ޴ʯرۣҪ滹֡
ˮ߹ȥдʲô
ɾ
ԵˣֵҪסֻаʱʱ䣬ʱɾʧûΣգʱ䵽Ի㵽棬ףȺˡ
ʱһʱŹ˰ӵʱ䣬˿طͦģЦ˵ǷͷѰңǿһгޣʲô޷һоͿԣʥʯָԵһʱϵ
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ܿˮ˱ͷѰңˮĵߵģԽԶĵƾԽߡ
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ߵŷʵкܶĵãɫĴĵ٣ˮͽȥһ
ʯ񣬵Ҳʮ䷿ݴ󣬵ܸߣӣˮ鿴һ¾뿪ˣûκζֵߵġ
һʮǿյģˮƵʶЩʱܵų⣬ܲǲ
һˮƣʶܸܣȥֻƴˣʱʱ̫ˡ
ʶһӣЩǽڵʱų⿪ȥһγˮ뵽˻֮
ֱӽ֮ھУһܳȥ
ۡ
ͬƿӡһһ춯ˮʶ뵽ЩУֻоĵ̫죬о˵ʹһ£ҵ㱦Ǻֵġ
һڶǿյģ˵ûˮܵĴڣң֪ûб˵
ʱһĹȥˮһЩдһʶӦԼӿһٶȣˮˣʮֻѰ
ǸŮˣڲ룬ǸϽѰĵɣ
ӵʱܿȥˣˮǸƿ֪Ѿ쵽ƬľͷˣѾֻˣѾľˣֻŽˡ
ˮٴ̤мʶӵߵʱסˣΪһȥ͸ܵǰһֱûеĸо
ǿңʶӵʲôҲûиܵʱҲ˲ϣŵнʯϿȥ
ţо
֮˵ǲоˮɾоһӡооֱһ絽ʯǰܼ᲻ӡоϾ¾ء
һʱĵЦˣӡоϾ
ֻǵһʱȴһ㶣ӡо֣Ƥϻһֻѩ׵ķޡ
ˮ˵϶ôʧ䣬ûȫееź֪ӡожٷݣѰȫƱѰʮŮͼҲѷɫٰɡ
ˮ뿪طѰңһɾܶȡһã̬ܺãԶַջѾ˵
ܵõһЩôãòҲôѹ
ˮҪ뿪ʱ۾һɨһǣˮתбһʱ򿴵ǸλãһӣʽϾɣһĳӣһŷ׭һķǷȴǺܸɾ·ˮһ۾Ϳˡ

ˮһΪʲôҪ飬Ǹպÿһ©һĳɢȥûȥʲôֱӰյɾ
ˮʱ䲻ˣѸ뿪طһҵ˼ҩݣϡĶҲûջֱ͵档
ͬʱŮС֡һҶ졢չ嫵ҲڣϻǹЦݣӦǶջɣرСģĿѡβ̵͡ˡ
ѾͷõʲôˣôˣˮЦſ

￪ĵ֣һϺɫƳУֳַʽѾ˵ҺѪˮ;ɽһ
һߴСϹתɢǿ壬϶һͷǴɢġ
Ѿͷʲôã


1123 ǿ
һĶǺ֪ǶرˮЩʺϣͨҲܿȫϾĶԵĶ
һʵһѱ޵ĳɹʣԶѱһѱʵһѱ޾ҳϡ￩Ц˵
ˮһЦˣܿģʥＶˣӦǺ޺һģ;ɽҲ£˵ѱʦˣʵһڿڶѱһޣѱ޵ĳɹҲһҿѱеʵһǺöֻϲܷӳá
ʺǼѾͷˡˮЦԴ
һֱʵ˺ö౶ȻԼʵӵֻһ޿Ǳǿܶ࣬ʵһҲһ
Ǻǣұ׼ģ˭֪ϡͿľˡգЦ
ˮЦʹԴⶫʺ㣬ֻʣõˣҲġ
Ҿ֪ˣﱧˮĲһѾˣǵһŮӣˮǰȴһСŮһ
ˮǿﳤģǶˮκ˶ǿСеܣû첻飬ڻָоʨ붼С
ҵһҶ죬ˮ֮ôһĲӦҲûˣοһҶˮ϶ˣоڸ̹Ȼ
Ͼһ֪ԼڸĸӣҼﻹĸӣܻе㲻ڣ¶Ҳое㲻ڣܸо֮˵ʲôҲνѪԵɣﲻһһҶˮΪޣȫԷſ׹ùĸ
ڣѾصСʱˮܿģرĿģԵҵһҶ򸾺ˮһ
˵еõҩ¼סһЩ似ȵȣܵ˵УˮԼõʲô
Ůˮֻ˵õһоóǿֻȻǵȤɴ
ӡ似似ǺǿѧҪһ츳˴ӡϫӡѧǺǿҲǺѡ
ȻѾˮΧＸŮѱޣɽǿ޻Ǻܶģرһɽĵشǿ޻кܶġ
һʱ䣬ÿ˶ѱһֻޣݴԼǶ㵽µʵܴﵽʮǻ߶ʮµʵ
ʵƺҲѱļޣˮûʹãʵ޶˵ûʲôôûκһ˼
࣬ѽľʹ׼ӪϢǿʼ׼ˡ
ں꣬һλصҴһʱ䣬һ뿪ҪԺʮ꣬Ҳࡣ
ĸԼȥݵϣΪ㣬еĵͼʥ޵ݹ⣬Լݶ¹ϵٱҪʱ԰ҡ
ɾˮǿһӡоϾһǿԿģԽԽϲϾһεõоϲ²µ޷ںˣϾͿԵϾоȻҲ¾ֻܿԵˡ
ӡһӡսӡкĸоӡоϾһּԵսͣд֮
һǰȥˣδ֣ȰɾõĶһ

һˣΪһѧսͨʶ̸ͨǣֺ޵ʶֱӿһ
öˮ̲סһ
޵ٶȴӶٻҪʲôޣ츳ģԴߵˣʶӡ޵С
ֻҪʶеĿھӡ޵оͿԣ޻Լ
һи㶨Ѿȥ˺ܳʱ䣬ɾΨʱĿ죬ĿھǼǵϧ޷
⼲˵ҲһǿĴڣٶȵģһǿԲӵĳɳսͱսеһƴˡ
ܴﵽʲôľ磬ҪԺ󿴣ˮоԼ޵츳һܽӳ
ˮŰĿǸ¾ɵĹϣ˺ŷһɾӿȥɾˮеϤ⾫ǡʯšϵľ񣬵ƺ
ˮӣһӲӵĹâһߴСоֻһɫĹżˮдš֡
ǰֹ֮һˣںϣ
ˮ
һ־۵Уˣˮᣬ֮֮ءľ֮
ˮһ죬ȫʧ˽ȥ̫θˣܶණéٿĸо
Ĺп˵ȫУκιǹԹǷԹ߿͹ж˵һ֣Ҫǿܲܽоʹóǰ߽о
һˮŷǰĹĸооⱾĹѡؼɽһʵͬʱÿ֮жһľս
𽣡ľ١ˮ𱬡ɽ
սԭʼĻľսһ̶Ⱦͻܽʲô̶Ҳǿߵ츳ġ
ˮȻѾ˺ü죬ƺ㣬˷ܣⲻ֪ʲôʵĽɫżɾõĶٱ˿ѷɫȻѱʦ˵ƶѡ
ˮΪǿľЩսǺ֣ܿһʱʱﲻ伮ľ硣
ٶȺͷľǼ̺Ͳ٣ˮ಻޿ײ룬Ǳƺɽѹͺء
ˮԺ׵Щ裬Ҫﵽ־绹ҪܶʱԣҪһЩССĻԵ
ۣ
ˮгһѽɫĳھ¶ɣҪǾƣϹ
ˮϹ𣬶ͣڴϼ󣬵ûоˮĻͻСܶ౶ԾǹؼģϹҪϹŲӣĻһЩ
ľ٣
һɫֱ۴ϸľٹγ֣ţɢŨѸٵͲƿͷƤ顣
ɢľر£滹ĵ̣糤ⲻһֲǾ۳ģζһꡱ


1124 ǰֻһ
ľٵĳ򣬲ƣ̡ˮʹõĲֺоľһҪúõʵ̫ǿˣˮߵ˶ѡеһô࣬ǶԼĸãոеľ衣
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ˮóˮʱҲһ㶣֮ڶһƬˮˮһӣˮ֮ͨ˽֮һţǿ͵ȴһƺһֹһۣȴǺܲ
ǳˮѾˮģǰѾﵽĵزڸǸоĲ
𱬣
ˮлԶǺ⣬ˣϣ𣬻𱬾һַʽ빥ӾıɱһļʣɱһǾᷭʺС
ֻҪоͿԣˮҲִ˲š
ɽ
ˮƺûмģּһɽʯɽƣɽ̩ɽѹ֮ơ
ˮоɽһ־Եѹ£ںˮоͨĴɽѹסһУԺɽҲԺ;ɽʹá
ͣˮϢһ£ܵ˵һҲ׬ˣһҲŲرͼÿһŶҪرͼǱĵرĶ޼֮
ÿ󲿷ʱ䶼·ֻúٵʱ䣬м·ˮַӡֻǿޣ¼ĳʵԷӡЩ̫ǿģѱһЩá
ôһΰ¹ȥˣʥʯָÿҲܶ·ɹֵ˾ӣȻҪסһ
翴ˮĵǰסˮˮֵܣ˵ҪȻҪ
磬ҵˣסһҪؼңʱȥһô
һֵܣ첻顣ûж˵ʣرĿģʨѴҲˮ
Ůǻصסׯ԰һлԭɣǾ˴ɨݴ½ܺãҳ٣ʵܶطķʮ²ɨҲһҳġ
ˮ˵ҲͶһܿ⣬ݻ˸Լ˵ģ̨诡
˵飬ˮ˴Űʱʱͷˣ⼸ϰ·ʱ䶼Ϣоڸ·Ѿˡ
ϻȥʱŮѾ˷ˣǰֻȾˣһԷҲǺܲģ֣Ҳûˡ
һγ˶Ƿ˷츲صı仯ϾһϴӾѾˣһ֮սǿ顣
仯ˮָо۽޿ڵĸ߶ȱǰ̫ˣԽǾߵԽܸܵ죬ԾԽԽóȣֻһ֪⣬һʵ˲ŻоԼϴ϶קĸƵġ
һٳ˺ܳʱ䣬ˮѾɾʱˣԵҲУóд˺ܶݵǿѡһʺϵ
Ѿǣһֱ죬ˮǵʺʱ䣬ֻѡһ֣ھڶ࣬Ȼгʱ;ȻԶһЩն಻ѹ
ѡúһ̽£󲿷ֶˮ˵еȫּŮѡľٵıȽ϶࣬ǰˮѡʱչһ£ǿǸʺϣǸȤҲҪ޴Ȥ֧ŵģ˵һľ٣Ժľٵʵػֺҵһ磬ľٻøӴ׳һ̻ž綾Է賤ֲ桢ѡ
ЩʵҪǿľ֧ţûǿľĹû֮Ҳ໥ƣˮ𡢻ľľ
ЩʵҲʵΪģˮ𣬻ҲܰˮոɣпԷʵͬʵ£˭˭˭
ˮһλȥ֮ǲǾҪ׼ǰˡݺͻȻˮ˵
ˮ̧ͷݺӣŮС֡һҶ졢չ嫵˶Ȼ֪飬˭Ҳû˵ݺȴˣȵˮ׼뿪ʱ˵ǻҪ˵ġ
ţڼҴһʱ䡣ˮЦţɵ˵
Һ͵һȥ˵
ʵˮһֱԥ⣬ǰǼŮʵҲȥˣ֮ȥˣˮִȥе㲻ʺϣˮ̫ˣԼҲӦﲻˮһ£Լ뷨˵һ¡
Ҳ˽һݵȻǺܶ࣬ǵõһЩϢǵʵеҲȫǹȥˮ˵
ȥ˵
㲻ף㲻˵ҪܿȥġˮЦ˵
ﰲˣҲ᲻ףҲĲǡ
ˮ̧ͷ򺣶䣺䣬⼸ѺҴ¡
ţЦŵͷˮܻǿϵһʧ䣬ǰҲ겻βһǸƽŮˣ֪ô
˫Ҳɣˮ˵
ŮﲻԸ⣬ˮ˵˻ǵͷ
ˮҲǰɣһҶ迴ˮ˵
ˮͷҲãһҶҺסһɣôׯ԰ס˿
ţģһҶЦ˵
ˮٻһôݺЦ˵
֮꣬һǰݣһǣҪȥססˮЦ˵
ģݺЦ˵ķˮʳָ󶯡һҶһ죬ݺӵѧ
С֡չ嫻һҶȻ˵СԺȥݣڡ
ˮͷеỊ̆ЦԱߣȥһȥɣ
ˮ仰һ˶֪ˮ̵Ĺϵһ㣬û˵Ϊǰûаѹϵ˵һֱеų⣬ŮѾ˵Ů֧ˮһ𣬵е㲻Ȼ
ˮ˵ȥݣͿ¿ʼľ˪ݻҸһλöľ˪򸾶ʹõͼʥ޵ѱǿޣǺʶ
̴Ŀˮʵûôˮ֮飬ܸоˮɾͻ
ֻû뵽˶Լһǰݡ
ĿˮһӸое˵֣ܿģûĸоˣһ̷ˮӰôоֻһӰӣ۾˲侧Ө΢΢ͷ
Һһȥ˵
˪аŵģκεġˮסЦ˵ЦţҲû뵽̸ˮȥݡ


1125 ̵ģص
ˮĻͷ۾ʪ󣬴Цݣûˮ֣ˣȻӵ£˿Ҳܿó
ϲʱҲͶˣˮܣһʲôʱԴͬߣԼ붼оѡ
ˮеǾˮȥ͵ķ䣬һ֮ˮƳ˵ȥá
ˮоܻƣݴ½һһޣȻҲвһһ޵ģʵֻһŮ˵ĺ١
ʱˮĻǱȽģֻǲûгһҶ˫ݺӸûУŮˮֱȥ̵ķ䡣
ʱˮûкڷֵܽӴҲǣǣ֣ÿţеҵɫˮоرǿң֡
ˮоԼʱҲе壬ԼŮ˸оһҲûУ˵̬ǣǵһУһҶ裬ΪĸԸܶ顣
ˮŴϣסԱߵɳȥ룬Ȼҹˣ֪һֱû˯ִ·ġ
ˮ˯ʵЦ˵ǲڵңôôû˯
ҲŲ㡣̲Ȼ˵кͺƵ֪ʡ
̣ϣֵܿģҲ֪ôˮɳϡ
Ȼ룬·ܱˮţ¶ܸܵһŵζϵشıС
ŮŮͼϵŮӣǣһδĽϣǸоʹûѩ廬ۣԾˣɫһͳŮˣǸر֣ˮоûг׵ķġ
ˮѾܿˣ̵Ĺˣǰȡ˵ЦˣԵԼԵ˵ǧ˰ɡ
ĿģҲϣΪԭ򡭡ˮŽߵĽ˵
ˮϲһϲһ˵ɣһɣȻξң˵˭ҾҪ˭һ𣡡
˵ϲˡˮЦˡ
̺ĵͷ
ҿɲҪ󡣡ˮЦ˵
ԣ̸ɴЦ
Ϊʲôˮҭһ¡
Цå
ðȻ˵åǲǵʲôȻԲƺˮ˵Ŵֿ̡
Ҫʲô̽糺죬£ߡ
˵ɣҪǿһ󣬻һ£ֻѡһһĿʱ䣬ʱ俪ʼˮ΢ЦŴǰմ˵
С
̻û˵꣬ˮһֻһʱ뻳ĽڻһƬ
ˮѸٵסǽ۵ķ۴бɳǸɳܿһ׶࣬Сһ
ˮſˮˮýģµ˲䣬һɣˮͷ̴С
ǰ첲ֻһСҲĻӦˮ̰ȡţ˱ţಿС
ֻǷϣ⻬ϸ壬ָһƲ˷֮Уʴǡ
̴ˮ촽һָֻ򱳺סˮβϲˮ
ˮˮɵ΢΢΢΢̧ͷһ£ģ˵ߣϾߣҲ㲻Ը顣
ˮҲǡǰǸ󻵵ɬ˵
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һΪ㲻ԸһأзӦˡˮָɹ
ڶϳ󣬴һԷ
̽㣬Ưˣ˫̶Ц˵
˫ĻŮǿ̣ͺϹЦݿˮЦ̽øƯˮĹ͡
ûˣһҶ졢չ嫡Сֻﶼڣǹ⾡ܵİʱˮͼŮ
һҶƽĳŷݺζĿˮ
ˣԷǲǳԲˮٺٵЦ˵ź͵Ů
ŮһھͲ˵ˡ
ˮ˺ǣ˵ԶŴǰϵͼŮٴ̤˻ȥ·;
һ·ƽޱȣˮһм˵ʵǲһ˵ʵҲǲɺӵģһ·˻ѱޣˮ
صһҶסĵطһҶӺһҶͯȻ·ǿ󣬺ܿǽ뵽֮Ļ֮ء
һ˴֮عûκΣգ޳Ҳܱ֤ȫ뵽֮ؾͱÿ·УֻڻҰϢ
ﵫҲʵһµʱ䣬ѾңңˣҴݰˮͿһ飬ڴ½м䣬ȥﶼܷ㡣
Ϥׯ԰ʱˮرĿģǼңؼҵĸоãΪмҲŲ¶һĸ塣
ǣͻȻ˿ڴΪʲôͲ˵ˣˮͷڡħŵʹˣһиһܰȫ飬Ϊõıۡ
ǿڣû˸ɱ޹ǣΪǿߣ
һ˳ſʱ˶ˣһϴ˷ܵЦݣΧܶ˶ڡ
ҲڣʨѾ˵˺ԶԶĵط͡кܶ˶ڡ
ϵܣͿĵĴк
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ϵܣջȺͼ˾۾ۣڼ磬ʱǺȵ㡣Ц˵
ˮûйֵļЦãһȥģ
ˮΧ˰ڰǰĸ׻м˱µһһһߺ˵ˮ飬ˮÿ쵽ˡ
ĴΧ˹Լȥ㺢ӣˮֻһֱһա
ڤһǾ죬ˮŮЦڤӺҪǿҪԼ㿴
ڿҪϲϣͬСҪܶ࣬ܶ£ЩҴСһҲѷɫ
ڤȴǡǡ෴ƢŹ֣·ùŹ֣е㲻˵˼·ϲһЩùĶ
ƫľƫĺˣɣҾôƭڤϷЦ˵ǰľҲƲǲм
ˮоԼüͷеߣ¸¥ׯ⺢ֻԼԼô
Сӣô˵ģ밤ǲǡ¸¥߹
Ӳܴ򣬹ܲأĸ׹ܡˮ¸¥Ц˵
СӣˮֵСѾͷ쵽ڤǰ


1126 ҵůϽѪǿ
һ˫µСѥӣɢǿѥӿٶȵġ
Ьʲôõġڤгϲȴǲ˵ãֽӹЦ˵ҵذأ
̫С˵˵þͲˡˮЦ˵
ҲСˣһô֪зִģǱõ˺ԼˣҲôġڤߵ˵
ãҵĺöӡ˵гһɫذףֻûпеݸ
һʱ䣬ٸ㿪кòáˮܵ˵ǲģСӱϾеС
ˮӲô¸¥һʹڤԴ˵
£ⶼûôٲܴӦСӻҶϾӹϵˮǺǵЦţһ¸¥Ͳ׺һʱź¥ֿʱ򶼻Ằ¡
¸¥ô˵ЦˣʹߵʲôҲòҲˡ
˭˵ڤòˣôС˵ĵҸоڤ㰡ˮĵĿ佱ʵСӵġ
ˮգ˳ڤԴˮĲƺôСѾ͸¶һӵϢ
㡣ˮóһµȹӣȻҲСѥӣСӶУˮû¶˺ܶģСȹģʵȷʵõĲƳɵġ
ãĵĽӹɫĽȹеսȹƯ
ˮڵպͷҲЦſͼСѾͷЦ
վˮѼСﶼ˼СӣȻϽӹСһҲֻѧʱ
ˮֹСһƺе㿹ܣıĲӲ֣ˮøСｫСһƭһֱ˳ı˱ࡣ
֪Ӵſߵӵʱ䣬ֻаײľ룬һ˿ĵرǢ
˾ˡĸڣҵ˻϶ȫˣҲˣСһһ󣬹²Ҳڡ
СģʮСӣر֣ÿ϶ر⣬нĳɾͶΪˮԭ
οر֪㣬ߵѾ֪ˣζѣԼݵׯʱѣԼˮĲףֻܶķ⣬֪ˮΪ˸ļ
ʱҺƽǳ׵ǣΪ˲ҵæô˵Ĵ壬ܶҳʲôĸʡ
ˮ͡ϵᴦãϸϵܳƺһЩչˣϵҪά֣ڱǿ̫࣬ԲʲôҪĸԸΪһЩ飬Ҫµ˳ء
ҵҲУЩʵ̫ҪˣֻЩҲȱǮӪҩСʲôֻϣյһЩϡеҩݵϡж
ˮһҶ򸾸˽£̵û˵̲˵ȴЦŰѳƺˣֱӺˣĿЦЦȴû˵ʲô
ûųʲôˮϲܣĽܣŶӡ
ˮóϽѪ飬ǸĴÿһǻصʳԼͷʳļŮͼС档
Сˮɴһ˳һţѪСʱʳЧã˻ҪСûʲôӦֻʵǿһ㡣
СӶûʲô仯Сӵͺܺ󣬵˲һ޳ʱоһЩѪϺҪģˮ֮ԴѪ˾֮ԴͻǿѪҺӦҲкܶ෽Ѫġ
ŮҲ⣬ˣֻ΢΢е仯ԣºˮļĸǿԵ᲻١
Щˮоֵģֵܵʳ𵤵һĻ⣬ѪĴڵĽ
ϽѪǺöⶫӦԶģҺͨˮĵеõĶ
ϽѪһĸıǵѪһǿǵѪѪҺеϵӺǵʵҲѪ
һ͸ôһľϲǺܿģѪǿֻз˲֪޷ȫܵ
ھϾĸ׵˵ԪܳѪĳֿǻǰĵز
Сһֱ뿪ˮôԶΧˮߣڼľǹˮϢǵܸߴģڤҲǣֻӲѡ
ҿʲô̶ˡˮЦ˵
ŮˣˮʹżӻŮׯԺĺԺȥ⼸ӺŮôҪպڤ
񣬵Ƥһü̫Сûе䣬͸˵ˡ
ͨȭѾлٲȻѾһЩƣҪַ緶ͣ
ˮҲǵͷ츳Ŵ׺£ԲôСһԸд֮磬֮ܵǺŨ
ˮŹйңȲйоأˮҲ⣬һ˵ϰҲ˵һ˵Ը
ֵˮص̫ȭ;ŹԼһˮҲһ
СѾͷ̫ȻѾܸߣһо磬ˮû뵽ôСԵûرʤռСӣʲôҪҪԶ֪㣬СӺʹһġ
Ըպ̫Ҫˣõȴġ
ĲңãŹ֮ϲᣬӵֳȻζˮ뵽ǰԼֱӽŮҲûж󣬻Ǹӡ
ʲôԸûУ㡣ˮЦ˵
ϣȫˣȫļ˶һ顣΢Цſˮһ¡
Ӧ㣬ҪһЩʱ䣬ӦһʱòáˮıӲСѾͷֱͦСЦ
ȻӦֻŮԸʲôʱʵҶܿĵġЦ
տе裬һʱҲǺϲˮһˡԡе裬ˮ˵ڤһ죬һӡ
ѾͷҪҪߵѧʲôأˮЦʵ
տˮգŴ۾˵
ѾͷͶԾŹͻȤҲܸȤڱѧȤʦװЦ˵
ձڤҲС죬ڤƺܶһ
ϲʲôѧʲôʱҽСѾͷ;ŹѾͷõôþŹĺòãˮСԴ


1127 ˮĶŮ֮
յͷĵʩչľŹ粻ߣǲǻгһԣҲңΪѧϰŹҲҪһֲΪŹһַλ
ҼѾͷģѧʲôѧʲôǶ֧㣬ҪʲôֱӸ˵ˮŮ㡣
ˮʱſڤЦ˵Сӣҿмӡ
ҲЦſڤڼжоӦúڤеһȣһ龫֣һеŹа졣
ڤƺ˺ܳʱˡ
ʩչǹ
ˮʩչʱҲһͻΪСһĹ˵Ѿﵽо磬ʵУԿǶô𺳣Ǿȷʵǡ
СӾȻѹ־磬ǰԼҲǺϲģȣʤʱԼûѡԼҲϲⲽ
ֻѡ£Сܰѹо磬ˮȸиоŹ֣СӻʺϹ
ңôˣˮһ䡣
Ǹû˼ûڤЦ˵
Ĺûйζֱûѧڤûѧңѹôµľ磬ôСĺоĵҪôϲܴﵽȻ츳Ҳǲȱٵġ
ǾŹأˮЦʵ
Ŷð
ڤ˵žͿʼʩչȻֻǲȴֹĸоûĺ׽͸ζ
ˮЦźĵĿ佱ںҪ佱ǰҲûٿ䣬˵Ҳģ⼸ӶǺ㣬˵ر㣬һֱüŮ˶ںҪǿƣϲѧʲô͸ǱѧʲôϲѧϲȭѧȭȻҲԴĶյ
ڤȭҲõģˮ֣ȻСҲǰеذǽһѤ
ˮôˣСӼֱǸĴ̿ͣСһûʯӴϰҲ湭
ˮ⺢òá¸¥վˮе㵣ĵ˵
Ǻǣôã£ͬʵ㺦һߣǺ´̿͡ʦأˮЦ˵
ˮ֪ڤԶҲȤֻרſЩƤر¸¥ǲģ˭ۣʱ̲סҪһƨɣСһȴһֱŲۡ
¸¥ֲʹĲ֪ô죬ʱڤȴǺǵȥ˵ЩģС󣬺ܶҲ֪ÿҲ¸¥ЦãǰĲҲʧ
ˮ¸¥׺¡ʦװ඼ѱһֻǿޣʹõͼʥ޵ѱģˮͷӡ˵ġ
ʦװͻѱʱˮرСģǷֺ˳ͻȻ뵽ϽѪ飬ô˳ѱӦúҲйϵ
Ȼʦװͻ඼ô˳ˮҲͳ׷ˣºˣҵʵѾȫˣÿ˿ѱһֻǿޣҴӱƼһõһЩѱ֮
һҶ軹һҶ춼֪ٵѱ޷ԿָһЩϲѱ֮ˣˮоһãһͷʼϺˡ
޻ˮļ˾ˡĸзݣϾӱƼֵõһЩͼʥ޵㹻ҵһһˣˮô׳ҵĻᣬֻˮܰĵ뿪Ͼֻƾõͼʥ޵ѱҲ㡣
ʨǵͼʥ޵˳ɶƼƿţһҶͯˮҲѱһֻҲǸСѱʦ
ˮֻеһЩѱһ;ѾûĿռ䣬һ뵽ʵռĺ٣ܶҲˣ˵츳ͲǶôڣʱ⣬ˮӡĲޣԸɴ˶ѱһֻˡ
ѱҲһֻӰħʵѱӰħˣˮ޾ͿˣȻǷޣһҲѷɫó͵Ϯ䣬ٶ
µӡѪħţѱֻСһĻߣȻֻѱһֻһֻȴرֻߣѱһֻֻ
ˮе㲻ģֱֻѪħţѱʱҲ̣סҵġ
Ķ⨺ڳһЩֻ໹Ǳڹ˵ˮû֪Ķ⨺ǿ
͹²ѱǿҲĵġ
²ģ˵ѾһĻԵˣһҲˣֻֻ֪СҲǾԿֲĴڡ
ʱȥˣҶһƬЦֱһ죬ûбˣһֱң˼Ȼѱһֻһֱĵĺϲ£죬һֱﵱԼļһ
ԼǿѱޣֻˮԼȫǿģȻ޺ǿҲܵĻ飬ƴػЩʱҲȲԼԻҪԼϵǿ
ȻǵͷʵЩҲҲǺСˣЩҲףˮھԼ˵һ£֪˵ĻЩֵܽûǺԸġ
صŮǺ;ĸȥˣˮóɾļֻʺ̨ЩʱҪīֽ⣬ܲʲôʱҲý𾫱ʺʯ̨ɡ
ˮЩҲһЩ𾫣ˮɾһ𾫵ģʯҲУԾǷŶ˼ãлˣЩǺġ
Ѿͷϲ𣿡ˮһ֧СһĽ𾫱ʺ̨ݸա
ϲãո˵Ľӹˮ
ˮóͬĽ𾫱ʺ̨ݸһߵڤˮʵҲϲġ
㻭һŴҿòãˮЦ˵
Щﶼ˵ǳġտЦ˵
ڤĿգٺԺҸ㱳ڹ
첻˵ˣˮԼļŮرĿģû뵽Сһھ֪ڹˣڤΪڹеġ
СӵĺڹʲôˮûʣСӻеԼ˽ȽϺãóЩƤֽǻ
ڤҲǶзݣµˮҲһ֧ʣڤֻϹ棬͸Ϲˣֽϻ·Ҳմ˲١
ˮ㿴Ѿͷϣһ·ʱ߽Ļ߹סСѾͷˮ˵
ȴǿĵЦŤ֡
СӿģѣһҸѾͷ·
պǻף׺ºʦװǻĻϡеŮӣôСĺܻҲˣ롰񡱵ľ绹١
ĵҲܺÿرǺڤǱǾ͸Եúÿˡ
ҪŬˮЦСѾͷԴ
ͻȻˮûЩˣ뿪Ҳ뿴ǵʱó
ǻˮǰҲǸŮģСӻĺ٣Ͼһֱûϡ


1128 ƶˡ౴ѣ޷ʮȫʮ
ˮǻԱߵվڵϿСӣˮˣǰѾ֪ƶ˺ǰʱؼҿӦúܿͻ˰ɣʱӦˣûжԶӦúܿͻˡ
һѣŮҲϴСˣ˵һߵĺܽˮ¸¥˵ģˮʲô㡣
ˮоŮˣѾˣǵԼŮʲôЩ飬оûҪҲϲ
ǰҲѱһֻǿޣһˮСųģ缺Ůر
𷢴ˣ컭ڤˮ˺ܾ̲סһ
ˮعǰŶˣЦڤԴˮľѾǵǷ켫ˣﵽ˻Ǿ磬ںĻǺͻ񾳽綼Ǵ˵еĴڡ
ܿ켸Сһ㡰ԾȻֽϡһƯޱȣѪ⣬йǾЩĻʦǿܶࡣ
ãЦĽ˵
ҲݵĿˮСӻһ㣬ֻǸоãڻû̫Ȥ
ŮĽˮһ仰ÿ׶ǶŮĿеӢۣÿرСʱݵ˶Ǹףоܡ
úûǶԱȵĸáˮЦŹǡ
ˮڻƯҲһŰɡ
ʱ౴˽౴˸ڿܳ죬Ҳʧ崿һβԵرл
Աߵм¸¥ʣׯһ˫۾һԣһһĹܰ˺

Ѵкǰסˮһֻ첲ԱǵСѾͷһŸ첲ˮ
ˮЦű񣬰ѻõЦſѣǼˣʲôʱؼǶ
һ쿴ˮļһ㣬ǲԸ⡭
ɵѾͷ˵ģǵĻԼֻҪѾͷϲǸ˵Ҳ֧㣬ǰĶã㲻ҾͰƤˡˮЦ
ãԣѾȵ˵
Ϊʲôԣϲʹ֧㣬ʲôǼǰҲãҲֻǸǸ󱬷ˮЦ˵
Ѻ౴ֱЦ˳౴ǺǵЦ˵ǰׯʱҲû뵽һ죬ʱ춼ǸңɼΡ
౴˵ƺе㻳Ǹое㲻˼飬Ҫ˵˵ˮ౴츳һͼʶ϶ǣ˵е㺩
ˮǸ࣬Ѿó˵ˡ
ллֻһߣͻƵģ츳Ӧúܺáе㲻˼˵
츳ǺãҲСѵĹͣǼ˺ܶˡ౴һЦ
ŶСô£ˮǺȤ
ɫе죬ȴҲûֹ౴Ц˵˳ѳȥСӴҰζʱǸˣǸ˱һֻƵ˾Ѻľ;
أˮЦʵ
һ£ҼСӳĺܺÿҲ壬֣ǸСӲ֣ϲĵһִžҲûôÿ춼ǼҲԶ￴ţǼѡ
ΪǸСӾͱѾͷˡˮʵ
ǣһֱҪһ׷ѵһʸѾ˵Ҫͻ͸һʸʵСѾͷ֡
СùãܸܲѲȻ˵
û뵽С߹ʺ˻鸽壬ں̵ܶʱͻƵ죬СѾͷʱֶһӮͼ޸ųֱ౴Цż򵥵Ľ˵ꡣ
СоǸôˮЦ౴ʵ
Ҹоͻ󣬿ȴţôɻ飬СӵǲҾֻʱģദһʱ䣬ϲȻ֪ˡ౴Ц˵
ѣءˮʵ
Сù˵ĺܶԣںᣬ·ܳôǾѰɣĵŮұ˿ģ֪ԼʲôЦ˵
ãѾͷģʲôԸԺҪǺֻܲȣܲپ˵׼ˡˮ˵仰ʱ档
֪˵
ʱ˶ﶼŲˣǰŮ;ĸȥںˣ׼ˡ
ӰѶˮȥ·ȥ׼£Ͽˡ

ʱˮӦʲôȥԶķݣܺãȻԶԿƶˣշȥչһ
Ů˿ˮŮˮˮһֽӹŮһסƶˣڻŮ˻ԼŮҲر㡣
ֻ뵽ܿҪ뿪ʱҪܳʱԺ˾е꣬ˮϣݺʵʱͨ;ϣܰļ˽ӹȥ
˶㣬ŮˮСѾͷ
СѾͷҲ˵򵥵Ļܹͨˣ۵ϻСرƯ

һκǺСѾͷϤˣȻһǺܳʱûмƺܼһˮܿģһߵƶ̲סЦŨ
ݷеĺˮɿƶˣóСѾͷ׼⼸ˮоеǷΣǶиǿĸס
ܿǻصңѾˣһر֣½ӹСѾͷˮƶʹþеһ徲ĵطʹϽѪ飬Ȼõͼʥ޵ѱһֻǿޡ
ǰˮ˵ͼʥ޵ЧƶرҪˣˮ˶ˣҲͲƴˡ
˶ѾͷôˣҶûôһ취ôҶһġˮ˵仰ȻеܣѰҰ취ȥݵķôһʵûа취ϣʱԴϺɽͨɽ߼ԭԡ
ˮҪ˵ˣŮҾͺܿģҵŮҺˣ֪ҪҾ㣬һֱȵҲܿġƶ˿˵ţˮ֪ʵġ
öʱģǻкܳʱҪߣҡˮ뵽ʵǿһа취֮䡣
ţ㣬ˮҵЩҺϲƶ˿ĵ˵
ǸСֵһ㣬ƹƶð߹ɣˮ˵
лл㡣ƶ˿ˮɫЦ
ôҽôʰ㡣
ƶϷΣˮһۣһ۵ķˮһסĺ촽̰˫ߣܿͲڸ··Ƿ֮
̲𣬲ʥô䣬պļʼʱ²ǺܸߣһСɽˮչʶïܵĲݵϻƶ˵·
ˮҪ
ƶ˼æ˵
ģģ˶㲻𡣡ˮӺ汧סͷķ۱ϡ


1129 ˣĽȥ
һʱƶ˼ˣˮվűŮˣһƬ̺죬֮㣬ʱ˻һ𣬵ƶȴǽıסˮڶ
һֻţ
ƶ̧糺ˮһƬ˵
ˮٺٵЦţллõĿ佱
˭ˡ
ƶ廹΢Ĳˮֻϸ
ߵʺܺãƶ˻ָĺܿ죬·Ѿɽˣƶ˿ˣû뵽һҰ飬һĻţȴһĴ̼
˶Ưˣֲ˵˱ഺפա
ˮڷŮ˵
ƶҲ𻰣ʱŤһ£شûȥˡ
ʹþУ˲͵ҵĲԶصʱɫѾˮǱܹƣιʳһϽѪ顣
ڼԲˣֻжʤݵûڣˮеźȥʤѾˡ
뵽ˮ˼龰һ·ֻصˮǰ
ĸһɫķȹϵֻ㷢߸𣬳޳ѩ׵ķ۾
΢ɵķȹβסϵߣǿŵǰ͹̣µͦθоˮӾֻƾһӰɱһУˮܵŮڵĴ˵ϡ
Բ֮ڷһĸоڶ·ˮǻһ
ӰԽԽ֬üԶɽĿˮ£絶վ˴ԼףԶ·͸ܵϢ
ɫķȹӺݻ֮Ǿ֮ϵŮվԵźϡ
Ҳá
ˮ̾
ɣ
ݺ΢Ц˹ˮߡ
ˮһ㶿ݺӣԼʶŮˣʱͺû뵽ԼΪھ޴ı仯ĺܴ󣬾ĵͤ˵ģ鲻֪һ߿ɸߣԷ֮Ҳ
ˮݺӵһֻ֣սȻʲôҲû˵һ̵ķ·һһ˲ĸо
Ѿ֪ͨˣºͻ
ݺգЦ
ˮһ㶾ϲ˵ģ
Ȼ֪Ҫȥʱ֪һ죬ðٻȵһ·ǰ㲻õȫ⡣
ˮʱĵ޷ݣܼ࣬Ͳȫʱֲǰ
֮ǰ࣬һֻǿޣϽѪԼʥʯָǵİȫͳ׽ˣ˳ϼţô˵ԼҲˡ

ڶˮȥɾȻӵż˯ֻܰɾʱ任˰졣
ˮǰľǣҪȥľ˪ľ˷ĲŮҪ̳׷
̺ˮ֮ĹϵѾأͻһϵǰʵ㣬ٲȫ㣬һķſĽᣬЩ
Ƕľ˪ׯ԰뿪˶ľңڼȻίˮȻҪ뿪ľңľ˪͸Ҫ뿪ˣľҲǣѾԹˣ뿪ҲǸѡ
ׯ԰󣬵ܱ£ˮһоľ˪ͺӦòֹһׯ԰ˮ̿ſž˹ȥſֻһŲˮ̡
ˣ
վæ˵
Ъţȥ˪ǡ
æʾЪš
ˮû˵߽ȥûжԶͿľ˪ԺˣʱĴСһ￪ĵЦĻ棬˭һƬܰǻĺá
ˣ
ľ˪̺ĵıŶӿ첽˹ס̣˼
һᣬɿ̣
˪ǻðɣںԺ𡣡
Ц
ţùӭ
ľ˪Цźˮк
һô˵ˮдʵϴξѾų׺ͺһϲڿĵӣֻĿڹƺѡ
ˮЦŵͷллľС㡣
ôͺһ˪ɣ
ľ˪ЦţʵѾһܴİʾˣڸˮ̣֧˵顣
ľ˪Ϊ䵭Ѿˣ⻹ЩıԺģˮںܿģ֪ľ˪ܹܽܿؼġ
ãҾͲˣǣҺҪ뿪һʱ䣬ǣҽܷġ
ˮЦóﶺŶľ˪ŵĶһ˵
Ŷô׷ģ
ľ˪Ҳһ㶣̵֣ĸף׵ĸŮԼСǱĸһġ
ߣȥԺ
Ժʱ򣬺ָպ̺ͣˮ˵߹ĸˣ
ˮЦŻӦЦæ˵˪ĸ׺ȥȥ·
ãȲæ·
ľ˪ûü˵ˮЦ˵ȻóϽѪݸǣСһҲС
ȥкôҪκᣬԼ֪Ϳˡ
л
ֺɵĽɫȥû˿ԥˮĺҲǸ߿һۣ˺ֱ׼ִţԼٺôûκԥԼβװġ
ˮоľ˪ˣһɽҰһֱ㣬һˡ
ľ˪֪ˮẦǵģԼͶӶˣܿͺ־͸ܵϽѪǿ󣬾ȵĿˮ̡
˵ϽѪǾޱȵĻѱǿ޾͸е㲻ˣһֱѱɹܾãججģоһ
ȻػǣһʱҪʹãŬԼǿȫġСһȫˣǸСţֻҪǾĵĳɾͱҪߣоϣû¿ȥ߶߶ҶһˣҴϼźòá
ллֻҪײԣǾȥ˪ĳƺʱͲˣһŬ´ټʱĹ
ľ˪΢Ц˵
ƺνס˾ͺˡ
ˮס̵Ц˵
ľ˪Цſˮٿ̣ллˮҺܿģҿ׿ĺܿģһж֧ţһŮټǿʱҪһ
ȥϴ·ľ˪ˮſȥ
ɵɫһַɣ˶ʶĿҲ˵ǰĺۣۣӦˣ


1130 ȥǰ׼
овˣˮͺٺȣ̺Ͷľ˪һ˵һЩԺҪע⵽飬ʱĶСһ
湻ģͶľ˪վһҲֻ΢һ㣬ձŮҪʤһһԽá
⵹ûʲôŮ˴Ӷʮʼ֮ʮҵգһͨˣʱ
ִûгһ˴ﵽ̶ȡľ˪еĹ˵ĻˮһǿҵĴ߻ûˮһкпܲܳ־
ĺҲ˵ʲô̫мĻеǷˮܵˣȴǲ֪ʲô
һŬ˪Ҹӡ
ãһģʲô˵ȥңҺӦûвǡ
ˮƱҲǺܿġ

ʱ䲻ˣֱһ˷ǣľ˪ͺȻһǰҺܶ˶֪̺Ͷľ˪ģǰӡֻ̣ڴҶ֪ǰһˡ
ֻǲû˵ף֪һ˾Ϳˣˮʵ˼֪ȫſֻܵݣҪʱ䣬Ҳһֻһȥݵԭ
оԼߣԻ뿪ңŮɼңľҲٻȥˣǸֻǳȥһЩҲˣǰϵûȷҲ˵ڴﶼ֪һеΪ顣
ľ˪ĵ뵽ŮУ˵˵ЦЦܿģֺǺԡӺͶԵºܸ˵̺Ͷľ˪˵Ż
ЦˮߵƧеĿӺСһţд˿ţҲУˮ˵
㣬Ҫ˵ʲô
һֱһӦòȱĸҷСƺֻϲŮ
գƯ۾Ц
ˮűӿЦԼҲŮҲ٩˵С
ϲ֪ŮֲŮˣʲôֵģʵһϲ
ˮĿ˵
ףˣϲ𣿡
ĿˮƺҪʲô
Ȼˮһ㣬˿ˮҪ󣬶˵´ϣԽʱԵԽ죬ᣬ۾ƭˣˮ˫۾峺ѾһĨβȥĲɣ
ڸϲ𣿡
ˮסıӡ
أ
ˮ֣ЦˣǾͺãСܿǴӢۣ̽ܺã㿴ܿġ
ˮе£ԼҪ˵ʲôе㲻ףЦ˵ˣİɣ㻹֪ʲô𡣡
ҵׯ԰㹻СͥԺסĺܿɣٶסЩҲ⣬ֵˮܳʵϲֵĳ档
⼸ˮرæµҡƶ˼ҡۼңЩݹϵˮȥչһ£õͼʥ޵Լ뿪һɵʵԿޱȡ
֪Ѿȥˣ⼸ˮǸߵĶߵˣҪΪ뿪ó׼ǧҡҵȶչˣһ㡣
һ쳿սݺӾҵˮֻ˵һ仰ޱȡ
ӦþͿ쵽ˣȥأء
ȥɣ
ˮ˵
ȥƶǲر
ݺеԹ˵
ˮƶһصҼŮʵ͸ܵƶ˵Ĳͬƽʱһƽʱûе㡭
ݺӽ̲ס˵š
ˮе㲻˼ݺֻܺٺٵĸЦֻ㲻ҳԣҪҳ㡣
УˣҵһֱΪţڻС
ݺӱסˮ˵
ˮҲΧû˾סʩһ֮ûжʱҪ뿪ˣлᶼҪ´һñ˴ڶԷӡĸһЩ
ȥɣ򶫣ʹĴξӦþͲˣٸϰʱ·
ݺЦ˵
ɡ
ˮֱӺཻȥ
ģİɣ
ݺӵˮЦȻ뿪ˡ
ˮûٺͼ˴к֪ݺӻ˵ģֱŶʹ˾С
ĴξкˮΧǿӰгŶУž࣬ûзرеͷ
ݺӲ˵ҲôУֻоźĲ£Ϊ֪ѾûʱȥԾͲôǿҼͷڲһѾ֪ܿҪ޲ϼ
ĴξкûпϳŽУݺ˵ᳬʱģеٶȺܿ죬һӶʱԶһСڵ㣬ȻвʱĻһЩݣһˮֱڵݡ
ʥʯָ
ˮʹʥʯָѸٵǰŲܿͿһֻ޴ĽӥԭǺڵ㣬̫Զˣ˲ŸоһֻĽɫӥ
ǸŮ˵ʱˮЦˡ
࣡
һɫķȹͽӥͻһֺгֻ·һ㣬еǸ߹ˡ
ӰԽԽϤճˮǰ
üԶɽĿˮ絶վ˴ԼףˮǾȣԶԶıڿնˮ
ˮıסŮʱŸоһôʵʹӵһ
Һˮÿ춼㡣
ıˮĲ΢΢Ĵ˵
Ҳˣ֪Ҫ޲һӼ㣬ʱ仹ðɣ
ãˣȥʥˡ
˵

ڿе˺ܾã˼ȴǻⲻˣֻһȻһ꣬ھ¥ǾԪǡ
Ĵϣſˮ㣬ˮеɬȴǲܻĿ⣬ˮڰͦء
ʱʱĻᴫһѹֵĽڴ˵ỰŮ飬ʥ˶˵ʳɫʳɫǱԡܣ뵽ǰǹ˼ŻһʲôƺͷŲñʤ»Ӧþָоɡ
ǲǱ
ˮЦŵ٩
һֱǺģˮĻſȥҧˮˮȴһͷȻһֱͣҧסǷͦĶˡ
һСȥˣ·뿪¥زȥˣˣ¥ûˣϴסһˮҪһЩ࣬ŮҲӣǼҲֻ֪һֱûмѡ
ʥʯָϣҲѪģŸôãֵһϵʹźʹöЦ
ĽӥҲһ֣Ǻܲķޣˮ׼һõҩιһ¡
ʵǴϾϽѪ顢ʥĶͻͽõͼʥ޵ѱһֻޡ
һ඼ľˣһ˱סˮҲΰɣˮҲΡ


1131 ԲˣķĹǿյģ
⵱Ȼģѵ㾭ΣǰûԱ𣿡
ˮЦŴȤ
ͻ˵˵
࿪ĵЦˣɿˮҸЦݣйӥ
ˮҪ￴
౧ˮһֻ첲Ҹ˵
֮ã
ӥõˮʥӵĸʵҲͻͽķչչ˫ﵽףǰڵĽӥǿжһеǿڡ
࣬ǸҪ᲻á
ˮڽӥЦ
˶ˣ˵᲻ġ
࿴ˮ
ҪһֻѰ
ˮЦ˵
ʲôһֻ̫µˣҷһɣҲϲЩСȻ㶼С
࿪ĵ˵
ǺãҾͲҼҷ˿ˡ
ˮ΢ЦſŻࡣ
ЦгһֻѰ
ѰǱޣʵУʯһļӲٶȿ죬㣬ΨһصǿѰһЩʲôģԲѰ˵
޻ǱѰϿɾȫǱһĽ飬ļֵܴ󣬵û˻ȥɱѰȡеĽ飬ΪѰļֵѰ
ˮǰҲֻ˵˵һŵͼʥ޵ѱһֻѰġ
Ѱôѱġ
ˮʵɻ
ѱҵʱʱأ˵Եľ͸ˡ
˵Ŀˮ
ˮҲһ㶣ѱ޺֣еĲѱͻߣʱǴܶԷѱҲܳɹ
ûЩС¾ӡǣ
ˮʵ
ûУ
ˮٴθоŮĺܺãΪʲôð취ѱأǰԼѱֻڿҪѱѰҪһŵͼʥ޵ˣҹֻѱһֻ벻µˡ
֪õͼʥ޵ѱһֻûսı޲֪ô룬ֵǲֵ
ѰѰģ֮һ㶼ΣգûʵֻһֻѰƲöþͻһغ
ڽӥϣˮѱѰѰֻһߴСɫཱུ忴Բģرÿ౧ѰСرѱˮͼСȴˮ졣
ʵֻʹһŵͼʥ޵ѱһֻͼʥ޵ǺöˮѰȴرĸˮ
֪̫ѾȥˣŮһǸоʱ̣ܶˮ֮ȻѾǷޣһʱ˵̣ܶܿҪֱˣһˮ׼ҶסЩӡ
ڶصԲˣҿˮŮӣҲӣ׺µŮ˿ѷɫҲˮŮˣҲǾȣƯŮ˶ˡ
¿ǺܿģЦ˵ʲôһ߸̾ӵ۹ⲻҲֶȢôļˡ
ŮûʲôҲǺȣֻǿˮʱеԹҲΣ֮ܿƵġ
ŮȻȣ鲻ζǲܵģֻѾһǻǻȷһˣã˭Ƕϲˡ
ˮ֪ƺܿǰԼǱŮ˵Ļ
ˮǱ֤֪֤ûʲôãЩ黹ǸԼߣо֣ܿӦҲְɣᾡǿ֣֪࣬ˮӣ̤Ϊ֪ˮģûк֪ӵĻŲ
ʱ˶ǽ״̬󷨡ѧˮв٣оʱȻķʽǡ
ˮҲܿ̿࣬Ҫȥݣһֱûͣɽ˴ӡϫӡʨӡʨ𡢰շħӡݹеҲܶ࡭
ˮæµܳʵޱȵĳʵ󲿷ʱڽ̵ӺˣɾʱֻԼڿ̿ࡣ
ǹģ֪Ѿ¹ȥˣµʱ˶˾޴ı仯رʶϣֻ۽硢ߣĽѸ٣ǸԼһˮҪľǴԼԼǰ첻룬뷨ͻѾǸˡ
󷨾ŹȵȺܶ඼ʱõܴߣܶණʵǿһЩϤˣȻĽ̵ˮѾҴˡ
ԶŴʱԽԽˮһסһܵʱ䡣
ˮɾ󣬾ĸ׵ķȥڰ磬СϽˣҲȥˣׯ԰ǱȽ徲
ˮ߽ĸ׵ķʱڴһƤֽǶˮԿǻԼĸ׺࣬⻭ǽӻ󻭵ȫ
ˮѻŵһߣЦָָߡ
ˮ߹ȥ£ôף£
ǲҪȥˡ
ºƽ˵Ϲ΢Цһ˿Ĳᡣ
ĸ׵ĻˮҲܲܣЩϾ࣬Ϊʨ˾ͿڵĹԼҪˣʱôĲ⡣
۳ݣĲܷҵ۳
ʱ仹ܳҵİѵ۳һ
ˮЦſ¡
ţһǲ˷ģҲ߶һ£Լж־ķǸ˻һֱڼء
ˮԴƺ
ٹһЩӣһŬ취ôҶһֵġ
ˮʱϲӡ
ˮʱĻȥҿɣ˵Ĺǿյġ
ԥ»˵
ˮһ£͸о仰һһҪȣĿ¡
ʱСÿ궼ȥĿǰ㣬ȥ磬ûüжµ˴ӵ˳˵ײûˣǼǵĹġ
¿ˮǽɻ˵˳
ˮĸϣһʵѾǸˣѾ˵ʱͲˡ
ʱʹ࣬Ϊ֪ĸ׻ǸˣǸ˵ĻĸһӶźġ
Ĺǿյģܵ˵ǸϢܻãˮסµ֣ܸоĸ˵ǰʱЩ
ˮһֱϣǸ˻ţΪģΪĸס
Ҷǰ཭ģֻҪţ㷭½ҲҪҵõ
ˮ˵
ˮҪôˣӦòôҵģɣһţҸ˵һ¡
ҡҡͷƺ޳ˮȥ཭
һ֪࣬٣ʱȥҾͲȥҪĻȹȥһ£ü
ˮ˵
ĸ˵һỰˮĸѾˣ֪Ǹһʹࡣ


1132 뿪ǰ
ˮ뿪ҪģҪ֪һЩϢ̫ͻȻˣܵ˵ǺϢ
Ͷľ˪żСˣһĲÿˣĶҪţϾô£֪Σա
ЦȥкȻ˵㣬˪һǣҸ˵¡
Ͷľ˪˵һˮŷȥ
ʲô£
Ҳ֪ˮҪʲôǰˮɫҲɣƺе㲨ǰҪǿһ㡣
ڷúˮſʵ֪׵ϢķĹ˵ǿյģȷ𣿡
һ㶣ɫҲе䣬ˮǲ˵ģ˵©ˣĸӦǿеʵˣ뷨׷һµİɡ
㣬֪ٶ˵˵ɣҲϣţΪĸҲϣš
ˮࡣ
㻹ں𣿡
ൣĵĿˮƺеˮҲԭûкˮ˵Ȼúˮ˵ġ
ޣӦҲܡ
ˮЦЦ˵
࿴ˮɫҲ¶΢ЦʱͲ󣬵ȥʱĹ˵ײǿյģʱ졣
ǽȷȷĹǿյġ
ˮܹ⡣
ǿյģ͵͵˳ŵĹµĶڽȥڷһܡ
࿴ˮ˵
ʲôܣ
׵屻˵ˣһڹײڲһ֣ҲŸопܵû
˵
ʲô֣
ˮ̲סʵ
֮־ĺĺƽ顣
Źײĵµֻ˵˳
ˮסˣЩ֪ᣬԼ֪һ˼Ӧ˵ţȴѾǰǸˣȻô˵
ѵ֪оȴӦѾ֪Լ˭½ϡŹֵҩܶ࣬ʧȥҩʱʧȥ䣬ʧȥ䡣
ˮţǰ˵ţѾ֪Լ˭ȻôЩӦûȥҵģѾɼˡ
Ǻʲô˼أ
ˮźţҲü̲סʵôЩֵ˼ģ
ǰӦ˵ûȻ߸ףҲ֪˵ʲôҲΪǰĻҲŲСĺĸ˵Ĺǿյģû
˵üëƺ˼
ǰһֻΪʲô߸ףʲô𣿡
ˮͬҲ˼
ˮ֪һ˼ˣʱǲҪ̫˵֪ΪãڹؼҪ⼸仰˼Ҳܻ֪ȥ
֮־ָݣ
ˮͻȻðһͷ½̫ˣ˵ݣֻ˵ҪҸ̸ס
û˼Щ֮־еݣô֮־һݱݡ
ĺݣѵ˵
ˮǵʵҲƲŵġ
ˮҲԲԣȰԼ뷨˳ĺƽͲ˵ˣ飬ˮ˺ü˼еҲ֣ݺͷݡ
ǿԺĺƽŵģݾģˮǣָŮĻǲҪݽһĺƽľ桭
ƶȺƶȹ棬Ҳˮ֪һ̫ƽߵû̫ƽ
ˮԽԽͲͨĻпݣݵλһ
ˮԼ뷨˵˵ǵͷҡͷƺҲر⡣
ҺܿҪȥˣĻ񣬵ǱʱǲϢ
ˮ΢Ц˵
Ҫ뿪
ྪȵ˵Ҳ֪ˮʱüÿһ˶浤ҩѱһֻǿޣһöǿĽָ
ڼסϼ졣
ˮЦ˵
һڼһˣ֪ġ
Ц˵
ԺʱܳʵˣǴҶӵһ飬ֵľһ
ҲҪԼչ˺Լ֪Ĳףʵֻ֪޷ﵽ㣬ȫ˵Ķֻڣһÿ֡
ˮˮıЦ˵
֪İɣҿɲõء
˵ʲôأ˵Ǹ֡
ʹŤһˮıӡ
ˮͰҪȥݵܵ˵ˣȫ֪Ͼ֪˶಻ʲô£ˮֻҪݾû˸ôȥݾˡ
ȻĴʩʵѾǶһУǾܵĲñ֪Լȥݡ
תۼȥˣ˶ԺпˮҪ뿪ˣʱѽ˺ܾˣˮʹþлҪÿ춼СʱԶŴǰϵ
ˮŮռ˵ŻԶ˸еģ¶ǼΣܸо
Ŭ֮ȥľ͹ȥһǱ߽ǡ
ˮٴżŮһ䡣
֮ǰͼŮѾ˵ˣʱˮоǱӦûеͻƣʱӦûǿԵġ


ˮҪߣơռקˮⲻߣãС֪ˮҪߣ֪Ҫȥ˵ôˮһֱСӻޡ
ˮĥ˰칦һֱ뿪͵͵뿪ʵˮϲǶÿĳ棬֪
ˮֱʹξУʣԷһȵÿʱʹãѾϰˣȻгűʥݵķȥ
Сһﶼô㡣
΢Цſˮ
ǵǱмˣԺҲӺòã
ˮ̵Ц
һҡҡͷҸԺ˵ɣòã
ˮ֪еĽᣬôرסЩ㣬ôʱˣʲô̻ҵӣҲרһˣҶǵİÿһǾȫģҪֳɶٷݡ
֪ȻҲһˮĲ𣿡
̿ˮ˵
˵ˣֻܹԼûиʶ㣬һ˲ҪҪˡ
ˮϾִ˵꣬¸¥ĺŮԶǺŮˣˮѡǣѾľˣ̶ͬҲǡ

һ죬һһѾˣһθǺܿ죬·ȻЩޣǺ׵ıɱ
ɾǸܣˮÿ컹ǻʧʱһ㶼˯֮˹йŮһ·ϸ罺ᣬˮʱԵŮ˵顣


1133 ԶŴʹŵ
ˮڻǰ̣ׯʥ࣬һǿŮˣһµŮˣҲԼæǴ⣬ˮҲ뵽нĹϵ
Щֻзˣ֪веͨѾңңˣ֪Ѿȥˡ
ʱСŮˣСһܻչˣʳϣˮЩʵԼһֱԼģںһС
ԽǽӴԽܸо뵽о仰˵ϵãµóܰˮĻ깴߹˲¡
ҪǣˮоƺǰˣϵģԼֱ֪仯ԼС
ǰǳʽģʱˮСһ㣬ڽ죬Ϻ̹ϵͻƣڸо˵ƺڽĽӽһĳΪСŮˡ
ﲢûֱͣʹþдѾ뿪ӦʨɽԼɣ
ˮ뵽̨诣ǸŮ˵ȥݵʱֵģ֪һǻһͬʱ˵ɡ
̣оΣ
ˮЦ˵뿴ŮֱΡ
һЦ˵ֱ˺ܺãôͲ֪ˣ˵˻˶иԵɣαװʱʵÿǶԷǺ˻ǻˣǿ˶Լ˵Ǻ˻ǻˡ
ף˸߼ϡ
ϵҲһϣǺܺõѣԵ޹ʵĳΪѣԭġ
ˮҲʲôˣҸоֻʵģʥģľǰ鶼ǼҲáͼıҲã⻹Ƕⶼԭġ
˵ɫе㲻Ȼ
ǰ֣顢飬ŮʼǴ鵽ٵ飬మ˰һ̶Ⱦͻת飬ֻʱŻ˽Ҳת֮һ飬̣ˣҵŮˡ
ˮЦڽϣһѰ̴
˵ˮ⣬ûԵ޹ʵİҲûԵ޹ʵĺޣվԭģ᱾ˣˮо罻ٿԼܿʶһЩȻͶԵҲռܴԭ
ӦԼŰɣ
ʼΪĳԭųΪѣŽܸεĽ֪֮
ˮ֪Լܽʲô̶ȣŵΣԶŴʹ󴫹ȥݵǸݣһжδ֪
ֻҪȥϾͿ֪

ʱҴҹȥʨɽѾңңһлɣûʲô̫ı仯ϴ뿪Ѿˡ
һ뿪ʱˮѾܵЩϵϢʱͿԿ϶ԶŴʹϢҪڵҲ׼ˡ
һ˵ڵЩʵǿǰݻԶŴʹʵ͵ڵ
ˮģ˲۵ԼǲЩ˽ģʵȡڵȴֲͶķʵɱ˶ȡȻ½Ϊ𣬵һǲյġ
ϵʨɽʱԶŴʱ仹ʮʱ䣬һʨɽˮ͸ܵ˺ܶǿϢ
вʱĴ͵ķݣ߻϶ǧʵϵģǲػԶŴʹľͲˡ
һصҲ٣ʨɽӽݵĵط˵ΪʹԭݵбŻһعط˲һɡ
һ޴ɽˮһ㶣ӳˮһ޴ɽȣһɰĺ嫴ӭ
ԶһԶŴʹ
ڵиֱԼǧ׵ͼڣǵҵͼʱŹӵĹΣмһ޴ͼ
ͼֱԼڰףͼ衢ʯ𡭡޻࣬ÿһֻͼ͸оǿޱȣֻԶ޲ŻӵС
ԶŴʹΧԶһľһЩˣǲ࣬ҲڿԶŴʹǽϿපӦػʹ߾סû񣬿ʱҲǰȥݵʱס
ˮŷҲŸոշɽ̤նңңˮȭһѺõк
ˮͬȭ
ܿ߾͵ˮǰ΢ЦһɵľӴһĹΣرۡ
ɫ߳ʵĳˮЦ˵λСֵܣλҪȥǱߡ
ǱָľݣֻǶ˵ĴʹõģһȡһЩ˼Լɣݵ˻֮õĺ¡
Ͼһ˵һչ˶ûУǿʵǱ߾˵ǺΣյģ˵Ǳͨ˲ǿҲǺܶࡣ
Ҫȥһߣ
ˮЦŴ˸ĸо̫Ϭ֪·ƣ߶еɡ
λﻹжԶŴʹʮʱ䣬۾ۣʱ䵽ˣһͬǰΣ
˿ˮЦ
˼ңҺ˵ˣ˵úһǰ´ΰɣܲʧ˰ɡ
ˮЦ˵
ʮأԵ𣬴Һȱʶʶܿ԰ɣģһԴȥô
ɺǺЦ˵
˵ϣ˵ûпӰӣҪӦ˵ʱԶһϤ
ϵܣˣЩ춼һת
ˮŴһ౾磬Ϻ˷ܣƺرġ
ϸ磬鷳ˡ
ߣǹȥһ·ˣȥǱЪЪ
Цˮ̵ͷ˵
ˮ磬ƺˡ
˺һ뿪
ˮһͷȥŰ֮һ޴ԶŴʹ߿ˮܵﲻʮԶŴʹϢ
ȥҲʮˣǰ࣬ҲʯԶŴʹ͸ǿʲôˣˮоܾ֮ǰеĴӦóһ֮֡
ˮͻȻ뵽̨诣ǸŮ˵ȥݵʱҵԼֵģоһ±ȽϺá
ϸ磬и˵ȥǱ֮ǰҵҵģ̨诣ϸûӡ󣿡
ˮʵ
ţֻ֪Ҫһġ
羪ȵĿˮȻЦ
һػʹŵˣһʮʮˣʣڶ᲻ٵģ翴ġ
ǰʮˣ΢ЦĺǵͷˮҲЩ˵ͷЩ˻϶ߣˮ˺ٵģһӳԺܶ˶ܾȡ
ҲΪʲôǰˮΪʹﵽ߶ȣĳɾͲʲôʱŶȱġ
һǿ߿ԸıܶĶһ塢һɵˡ


1134 ڣӡһӡ
λʦʦ壬ʦ֣Ҹ˵ˮλС㣬ϵܣҵļʦ塢ʦʦ֣
ЦŸǽܵ
ӭСֵǰСֵˣû뵽羭˵Сֵܾ㣬̫ˣСֵţһᡣ
һϵЦſˮЦ
˼ҹˡ
ˮ΢ЦŻӦЩŵˮ˽Ƥë㲻ϣҲ֪˵ʲôϳԼӦǺͱƼսʱǿġ
ϵܣŵһ֧ȹȥˣҸ˵˵һЩ֪飬⼸ϵܺС죬Сǰơ
翴ˮĲЦŲ廰
ŶƣΪʲôҪƣ
ˮһξ˵ڵѵйϵ
иĵĹأÿȥǱߵ˿ȥƣս˵ľͻŶԷߣǰݵˡ
˵ƺơ
ֹأ
ˮҲرƣȫʵϣ˵˿֪½пᣬȴû뵽ֱӳĲпᡣ
ɲһȥͦʦʦ˵㣬Իǲôġ
Цſˮ
Ϊһ㡣
ˮЦʵ
ţŵı׼
ܵ˲ȥأ
ˮɻʵ
սʤȨɱսܵˡ
֪ˣûµġ
ˮЦǺǵ˵
ˮ̺˴кȥҶĶɽڵʮ׸ߵλãǰѾȥһûӣǹεģʯ⻬絶ڲõǺһסֻ࣬Ǵζʯͷģ̵ƤӺܺ񣬶ոµġ
ϵܣǲ⡣
ˮ̴￴һ˵
ܺãϸˡ
ˮĵ˵⣬ڲʩܶθڣֽѡһסַ˵ڴɽ˶סĵط̡ˮ仹Ұޡ
ңһһռ䲻ҲС䲻࣬סҲסΪʣ󲿷ֶסһˣϾûжˣҲһˡ
طҲһķӡ
ˮЦﵽ
ǺǣǲҪ𣿡
Ц
ԺǿԴĵطסһ°ĻǿԵġ
ˮЦ
ˮ˵᲻أ
̺ˮ￴ڡɳϣһȻʯͷģûǣԲģҪܶкĵӣޱȣһޱȣů١
˭֪أʲôֱӴߡ
ˮν˵ûн·ϡ

֪Ѿסһܵʱ䣬ǵҲƽʱԶŴҪˣ̨读ûг֣ˮơ
ȥݣ̨˺Ҫģܶһѻкܴĺôġ
ˮɽȺһЩ죬Щ˶ݸطһĴڣСҲһʮˡ
Щ˵ݶͶţ粢ûֱ˵Ҫˮ룬˼Լ͸¶ˮûд𸴣ûҪͶǸɣĻǲͶţΪеоӦв󷨡
ʱԶʮӰתѾϿգˮ̧ͷЦˣĻǻ
ˮЩǴžӵˣˣʣµˮ۵еһСһˣģ󺺣׳һͷܡ
һ磬ˡ
˵ĻˮһЦˣˮһֱ²ź⴩ڵʵӦòϣҲûޣһֱھƶǺϤˡ
棬Ҿ֪ʲôְ
߳˵Ǹˡ
ʵһֱˮи벻һôĶڵʵ֪ܲҪƣܳɹҲˣݣЩ˸ûаѱƼҷ
ˮҲǸһˣǿ󣬲ˮſɱԱߵʵƺʶң
ˮ˵Լֻһε⸽ģҪ˵֪µĲ٣ܶԺţۼ˾͸ˣڴ˶ֻ˴ǰҲʶ
Ǻǣ治ʶ˵һûڣֻ˵һ㣬ܺϺţݵӣݵ鲢Ƕôģٻȥ֣ػԶŴʹжǲ֪ġ
ǺЦ
һλ˵ĸ֣̲סдһ¡
һüЦſһ˵
ˮеЦʱɵĻԻҪ˭֪ǻԣҪ˵˱Ѿ̨ϷˣϷлҪ㡢ߣЩ߾ǶһƤ
д谡ȻдʹͷɣȻû˼
ʱˮ֪Լ˵ˣվļЦ
ͷð˵ʲôͷɣ
Ǹ쳣׳СֻҪ׳ֵ˵һ޴ȴǺ
ҵĲͷĿռ
ˮЦ˵
׳Ĵһ㶣ˮҴӦ㣬ҲҵĲͷ
˵
ҲҪĿռҪһġ
׳Ĵ󺺿ˮȴǰһ˫ͭһ˫۷ϡ
˵
ˮƽƽֱӵƺû
ӮˣŮ˹ҡ
ѾˣˮֹôˣҡҡͷоԼǲ̫ˣ̫̫ˣֻҲûֻӦǸʵȦӣһܵƣϾƬ̫ˡ
ɫͷһѵ֪ûǸ
ˮСһƤЦⲻЦ˵
ֻҪһžͲܴӦ
ˮ˵ҡҡͷ˵
ǺҾ
һ˫֣ϳһ˫޴ɫĻÿӶг˴СɫϢ
˫źصĹΣڱγһһŵȦɢǿľϢһŵˮ
ʵѾǲĴˣ൱ĲˣϧˮˮǿĹٳ
ӡһӡ
ˮֱֽӡƻȴѸٵĳ
ˮϿͻȻ·ƷڣһֻǰĹŴеķӡһĶڿУ󣬵ɢȴҪѴһ
һǳɫĹ£ֱӽһסһˮоԷˣ˺öö࣬ĿĿĴضǱ֣žǺȻ¡
ԣ
綼ˣˮǵһӡԵУֻӡһӡϾеģЧˮϣӡûȫףһѾǿˡ


ʮ ִݣٳڣʦ֮·


1135 ̨诳ˣִ
ͻȻֵ龰һ˶סˣɱɴ򵥵ɱ˺þòŻָ
ˮǰûҪɱ˵Ĵ㣬ǧ򲻸ôŮ˵ע⣬˵ĻɫݵǿˮҲ壬ŮۣΪŮҲˡ
ܺðǾͲˣߣ
һֱû˵ʱεЦЦȻסе벻׵˵һѸ뿪
λߣһǹȥطһ¡
һſҪʧ˵
ȻԶһĻڿоһģͷҲصʧԶɽС
ˮûʲôоֻЦЦڻûʱڽ˵ҲûбҪܵ˵ԼռϷ硣
СֵܣͲ˴ˣĹأ˲ûȤ
һ̾ˮЦ
ǰҪҪȥڻطһء
ǰһ˵⻰ˣ˵˳
ǺǣǰҲֻŻŻǶѡ
һҡҡͷ˵ǹȥݵҲûʲô˼
ãˮʵҲȥͷû˵ʲôһһסĶ
磬֪ˮʲôʵ𣿡
һ΢Цſ˵һ֧֮
ʦҲ֪̫ˡ
ûôܹȴУ˵˶
ҵʵ͸簡ʲôʵסģùϵԳҪʲôˣʹļţҲ᳤õģᷢһЩ졣
һЦ˵
֪ˣʦ
Ц˵
ڶ죬ˮһͿһϤˡ
̨诣
һѩ£޳һʥһرһ˫ӣһʥħӣţסʥ࣬һĴ
ɱɴţɢϢѾԡ
̨Сãּˡ
ˮǰк
̨¶΢΢𣬴Ц˵˵ȥǱǰһġ
֪ʱ缸˶ˣ̨诶ǿĴк̨ҲǺǴк
̨С㣬ͿԿˣһǡ
ˮʵ
Ҳû˵ʲôҲ˵û˵һȥֻ̨֪˵ȥ֮ǰԼġ
Լһȥɣ
̨诲˵һɵʥ֮

һʱƽֻˮе㲻ƽϾȥˣ뿪Ҫˡ
ʱ˵絯ָ䣬Ҳ̣㹻ܶܶˣʱԼһӡ
ԼĸײܺãƾڵʵǱҲǸְɣֻǱ߸㣬߸࣬ǿҲ࣬ʵ
Ůʱ֣ڣ̨̺诺ܿϤˣܣˮƣ˵Ů˵˼׽Ķ
һ·ˮ徲Ů˵ʲôֻ֪뵽ǰ뷨еŹ֣ΪʲôǰŮͶԵơ
Լӣ̨˻˵ǿǸѣǶŮˣҲ
ԶŴһ쵽ˣ
ҲҪһЩǿڵʱ֣ԶŴʹϿһ޴Ŀһֿµӡ
һѸٵжȥܶǿڵ˲ԶŴʹʶĿرϵͼ׷·һ㣬Լ֮޺ƺصĴԶԶ
һׯϢӣͬʱԶͬϢʮЩϢ
ԶŴʹ߲ɫֻļӣ˸龰γ˴ŰӵʱŻȥ˾ȵķ־޴ʯΧվʮˡ
ŵˣЩһ˵ġ
Ҳ¾ǣǶѾ˰ɣ
һȵŵһ˱߱˵
ǰˣϣһǵĲ㰡
òͰЦݵĺһ֡
һζ˼ţ
һЦʵ
ʮһˡ
Ǻǣ˲аɣ
Ȼʶ̨诡
ţǲѡ
һûж˵ƺͷ
ǹȥɣ
ã
һЦŵͷͷΧѾ׼ˡ
ҽȥҪκεֿ
ˮ˸ŵ̤ȥ̨վˮһߣһԶŴʹʱоһֱµĽȫҪֿʱ̨诵
Ҫִûµģ
ˮǹȫ·˶̶ڽµĹӵͼһ
ˮڶ֪ԶŴʹ棬֪кʥʯָһԶŴʹӦú;òɣǿһЩ
ͻȻһ壬Уһ˲ˮܵѥӷ΢ı仯ûü鿴һ£Χһ߲ʵĹνǰסҲ档
ˮ͸ܵеʶܸйٶֹһֻоڷһһּٵĸоǾһˮһ
ʱƺڲԣֻд˼άڶ̵֣һߵ̨诺΢գˮܽ۹תԿµĲϵĴˮУ̨诵Ļ̵ġ
ǰ굫һʱ䣬оƺֹˣΧΧ߲ʹȦҲȥʱһɰͬʱһʵĸоֱθʹԡ
֣عʧ
һ̿ʼԼݵûˣɽȷʵԾķˣ̧ͷоƺӵĸߣһָо
ͬҲɽȣʨɽеƣɽӵĸߴΰͬһЩˣž֪ŵˡ
ʶʵָˣһ̵ĸоãǰз·һ
ϵܣߣһ죬Ҹ˵˵һЩ
ȵкˮ
ãϰΣ
̿ˮ̨˵
ãҸ̽˵˵ɣ
̨̺ˮкȥҶˡ
ˮҲһȥһǺЩŵ˵
ĶʨɽĲ࣬ȫһ߽ȥˮˮкܶĻʣơ
ϵܣ֪кܶ໰Ҫʣ˵ɣʲô˼Ҳûˣֻн˲˽֪ݵɴݣǹأ˭ȥ˾ͻܵͷȥ˺ͽˡ
￴ˮ˵
˭ͷȥˣ
ˮɻ󣬹ֲû˻ᴫȥͷȥˣҪͷȥ˵
һͷ˵ǰٳ˺Ͱڵˡ
ҡҡͷƺܹ˼ɡ


1136 ȼɵȼʦ
ٳڣ
ˮɻ˳һжոµģҪѸٵһгԣȻｫܼѡ
ٳָܶǺܶɣɡҲľ档
΢Ц˵
ţˣݵһݣ
ֱˮԼ֪µһһݡ
ӵţݣλ棬ˮĵһţݵĵݼ˿С
΢Ц˵
仰ˮһ仰̫зˣһţݾôݶидÿݶȥжԵˡ
ǿ󣬻ǿ󣿡
ˮʵ
֪еɱеȴǱǿ󡣡
ЦЦ˵
ˮƣ仰ʲôҲû˵ΧЦʵɣ
ţƶȣ϶ҲżͬҲǣǴǶĶ֮УһļһȼԽʵҲԽǿļ֮ϵľǴ˵ˡ
ţжЩһЩǶϸ֪𣿡
ˮЦʵ
һ࣬ļ˵ֻһʮЩǴţ׼׼Ҳ
˵
ϸ磬ȼôָߵ͵ģ
ˮܺ档
˵ۻҵʵоǻʦʵԼ֮µʵʵƶȣڵҾǻҳԱƿһ֮»ԼʮҴӸߵ͸ƿԴ
Ц˵
ݵʱˮѾܵɵǿ󣬳ǵɵˣʵϣеɹԼٵض֪ÿǡǿʵһƬס
ׯף缴ʹҵȴǷչĹ켣ˮׯˣǰǵػǲ˿ݵػ
һǿߵ
ˮǰйλ֪ǰͬʵһģϤĴ󳼻ңǰЩ󳼵ļҲǿļġ
һ˵ˮҲˣƶ˵˾γƶȣӦǺӦɶɡ
ϸ磬ʦô£
ˮǵǰ⻤ʦλӦúҪġ
ʦһжڣڻʼҽлʦǻҵ˶˵ǹʦģֻڻҵ˲ܳƻʦһʦʵ׼ǧʵʵһƣʦǧʵĹʦʵһƣЩƺǴţܲر׼ȷ
Ц˵
ˮ֪Լʵ治һһһʦöö֪࣬ˮҪ͹ʦȥȽһѪġ
ʦʲôһһڣͼһʦҲţԺգﶼġ
ϵܣ˵˵һ׼ȷиʶˣһҲжʦʦģϼ٣Խڵʦʵĵȼһʦ֮ļʦļʦʵҲ
Щʦж٣ȼ֮Ĳ𣿡
һҳԱһʦܵˣʦܵʮˣʦܵˣǻңڻҼԻѷɫ٣ҪȻҹʦҪ
翴ˮ΢Ц˵
ˮ֪ЩʵҵĵҪϲ٣ȻҲˣһһֻǿ߾ô࡭
ҪĻķ١
ǶʦΣ
ˮʵ
ҳԱһʦܵǧˣʦܵˣʦܵʮˣҲǻңڻҼԻѷɫ٣ҲҪȻҹʦҪŶ˻ҳԱ˵ǻѪдֱϵˣñķΪԼЧ
ˮˣǻҵˣǸö̬֮һǻұҵˣΪˮ뵽ԼԼı仯֪ЩһԼµĴУԵǿ
ûǸУôˣôǿ߸ֲ
ǶһǶĶڣȻʵû˵ΪҲ֪ˮһͶ֮Ĳ࣬ʮ֮࣬ôĲӦҲʮ
ţļļʦʵˮо𾪣һƬӹء
ţţݺΣ
ˮ˷оȣظӹ
̫ˣһֻ˵һЩʵܱ
ҡҡͷԳ˵
һţݾԺݴСݱޱȣοˣĿǰҪʵˡ
ͨһ˽⣬Ҳиϵʶóһϸĵͼݸˮдĵͼţݵĵͼľûˡ
Ǹϸ磬Ҿʣ˵ͱ˵ڴʵô
ˮǰ˵ˣЩǺεģ֪ǵʵ
Щʲôܣֻһʱ˵ҲǺĴڣһǶ֮ĴڣҲֻɿԺ⣬˭ǿҾͲ֪ˣҲһļƺңңӦܻԻֻͣһɵĶһС
ˮĲ࣬źǿֻĻûˣһ۷ʵڴӦҲǸǿĴڡ
ȴǶܶʱҲŽ֮ڵɣԱΪ˵ֿ
ϸ֪ɽ𣿡
ˮʵ̨诵š
̨СڴǺģΪ˵ʵ˿ѷɫأλܸߣҲڵźɽѾ˺ܶ࣬һ̨ˡ
ˮ뵽˵۳֪Ӧûţݰɣţݾ൱ݣôĵطһˣǸȫİĵط̸ס
ҵҾҪͷأһӰԾ׵㣬ĿǰҪʲô
ʦ
ˮ۾һΪһʦǿߺɣ͵һʦʵǧƣʵܶ࣬·Ҳߡ
ԼҪôѵҪھͼһ
һʱˮ˼ʵҪһκεطԣ֮һʱҲûҪ顣
Ѱҵ۳Ǽҵģֻʵ˷ʹõѰӦø㣬ڴʦһرĴڡ
ڣɽ̨诣Ȼ̨û̫Ľ飬ô˵ԼҲǿҲǸѰɡ
ˮ¾ģĳΪĹʦͼĹʦ


1137 ţĵı仯뻯
̨̺һҲŲĻ⣬˵أҪһЩʶ˽һЩ
һֱ󣬼˳˵㶫ˮ̨̻ǰֻͣˮҡҡͷܾˡ
һ֧ǵ׵ģһ֧һɵĶڣڵǿ߻ǺܶģˮԼҲܾлˡ
ҲûйֵǿΪ֪ǿҪˮɣˮҪǲӦһѿ
ЩԸˮղ̸ʱԶֻǿݣȻСҲڰ£ɢƲˮǰֲΡ
ŵķΣ
ֻݣӥǵ񣬵ǣ׺ϢˮԶ޻Ҫǿһ㡣
ˮ˺ܾãڿʱ͸ӵˣΪʶܲߵʵ
һʯӶ뺣һɲ⣬ǵķϿ̻ķ·еˡ
ߵƤܰףĺ׷ͯգǿԿǺرۣһ˫۾Цеģһ۾ܲøУѩ׵ĳüͺ˸оͰס
ұߵĸߴŨüۣǰ෴еڣһţͷڰУһҰһϢе׺ˮоɲ⡣
׳ϣڳϣ
˹˹ʩ
Լˣÿ
Ǹ˺ǺǵЦ
һߵĺ˾޴Ļɨһ飬ɨ˶һ󵨲ŵĳϣͼĹʦûдﵽͼĹʦҲӦò٣ҲöþͿԴﵽͼʦʵһѾ˹ʦĴš
ͻȻɨˮ˫ĿһʣˮǸСӣԺҵͽܡ
һ־ָˮ˶ĽһΪͽǶĺ£ǹʦͼĹʦҲԺޱȡ
ʱˮȴüͷ˭ͽܣһҲûкøУرʢ˵ơ
Ϻڰ㵹죬ǸӰʱյĳɾ;Աǿʮ
º͵˺ǺЦ
ϣŵˡ
翴ˮüǰһ˵
磬ǲǿ˱ǿݲˣ
˫絶һ硣
һϵͱˮʪ
ϣû˼
ˣ㲻˵ˡ
ڳϻִĻ
˺һǸĿˮˮЦҡҡͷ
ˣܶ˶ͽҶӦôҵͽܿһ졣
˿ˮƽ˵
һ죿˼ңʲôʵ
ˮȻʦԶһһʦԼΪͽ룬û˼˭ΪʦһҶ赱һʱ䣬ʽ֡
ҵʵǿﵽһʦˣôѵʦ𣿡
Ц˵һַĵš
ܲܰҽ̳ɶʦʦ
ˮ˵Цסʵ
˵ţ۵ɵúô󣬿ˮòŻ˵Сӣûзθô˵ʵһʦһаգʱҾ֮Ҿûһˡ
꣬һʦ
ˮҧͷ
ˮ󣬵ȴΧ˶һʱţ̨̺ڶǴĿˮ
֪Ϊһʦô׵ͻҿСжٽ
ƺе㶯ô׶ģҪˮͽܵˡ
ţҵʵԴСǿӮˣɱҺ˼𣿡
ˮҡͷ΢Ц˵û˿Ļš
ֻǺˣǰİҲǾȣˮʵ˾ȣƺʦҲô
ţֻдﵽһʦǿߣɵĵȼʵƴǹʦߡ
һʱסˣʲôʱӹɱȥһˣе㲻ģ˲ѵá
λϣҵѣκһģû˼ʲôɣɣô
̨΢Ц˵
˿̨诳棬ֻܾ¿ǰָˮͽˣû˽Χ˾ҪԼϣȻ̫ûӡ
ںˣɽˣֻЦЦȻ̨СѣҲͲǿˣԺпճ͡
˵ͷ˷ˡ
ˮҲû뵽ǰǹٴһѹˣҲǴһѹˣǴݿѹʵĲϾ̫ˡ
ˮЦ˵ллϸˡ
л̨С㣡
ˮת̨˵
ûæϵл̨Сɡ
ҡҡͷεЦЦ
ˣҲңҲֻ˵仰ѡ
̨ЦЦ
ˮȻ֪صԭ̨ɽĵλԲͣҪһһĵļţҲǸʦӵġ
ϵܣһȥǸ̨С㻹Ҹطš
ˮ˵
ϸȻذɣпȥ㣬ùˡ
ˮЦź绥ļ
Ѿ뿪ˣʧԶ׷ǰȥˡ
ˮΧѾˣԶһЩŵˣػģҲرգȴŻῪ
ߣҴȥɣ̽㣬Ҹǵ򵼰ɡ
̨诿Χ˵
Ǿ鷳ˡ
̿Ц
㶼ˣôʲô߰ɣ
̨гȥˮЦЦˡ
ˮҲȥ̨̨ûǸ˼ֻгȥ̨Ⱥɽȥ
ڽϣǰʱоٶе仯ƺ˺ܶ࣬ͻȻ뵽ʹôʹ˲ܾķһ΢ı仯
æͨžĿȥ
ģ
ݴ½ǳƬ;ƶɣĪ
ٶļʵҲֺսС
ǰٶȶļٶٶļ
У߶ģУ˲佫ﵽһֱϵİʮ֮⣬ǰļ뻯ÿʹð˴Ρ
ЯΧʮ֮ڵһ壬˺Լ
ʹ۵ȼ
ˮĵڽϿžĵڵܼţݵĵޱȣţݵıѵʱȴǾķ˾޴仯ˮоһξͻȻһԶŴʹԭҲյԶŴʹŷ仯ġ
֮ǰľȣһǿ̫ˣٶȵõ˾޴ı仯ǺöҪ


1138 ׳ǣ¥
оļ٣Ҳһսǿ˺ܶ࣬ˮĵǾеļǿ
һεļǿֱˮĵЦ֮ǰÿֻʹĴΣһʮÿΰʮÿʹð˴ΣѾһˣϷ츲صı仯ˣڴһεļǿһֲҡҡͷĲ
ȻеľǿڵģԶı䣬ǲþǰʮҲһΡ

ţݵĺ嫣þд᷽ܶ࣬Ҳ̫ĺۼҲԺĻʹþдϺ
һʵȼ⣬ݵʵֻе弶ҲǧǵʵǳһƲﵽ߼ͻʮʵ۰˼ͻưʵ۾żͻǧƵʵʮҪͻƵʵ۷Ǵ˵е龳Ҳ֪ЩҲһȫ׼ȷ
ʮѾţݵڣʮ۷Ƕʵˮ֪һʦ۾żʵʦ۾żʵֻͻƵʦʮߡ
ˮԼʵѾﵽ˶ư룬ڽ֮ջͽնˮ£ֱӷһ
Ȼ߳ɱʵɽ߳ɵıʵçţɱʵնɵܻĳɵɵͷϽӰ˳ɵıʵ߼Ӷɵıʵ֮Ӷɵĳ
ǽıʵټʵĻˮűǽʵﵽʮƵʵ
ûعƣˮ幥һӽѳŹϽٴֳ
幥ˮǿĻǾɽȫʵĶٶȽй͵ֵиܻЧ
İʮƵĹˮǿĹǰʱľں;ɽĹ˺ܶ࣬޺ڣھĵֿϷǳǿ
ˮľȻһ㣬þɽĻǾĹҪǿ󣬴֮ӱ屶ľģˮʹﵽʮưľ޺ֱӴﵽʮơ
ϻκͷŭĿ״̬£Դﵽİٶʮƣɽ΢һ㣬Ѿǳɹˡˣ˵һˮʵԺֱһʴɽˣԶһΰĳǳأΰĳǽһֱӵԶǳڵĽߴͦΣһƬľ
ľʵݵδͬС죬û̫ı仯ǳǳǳأǳһңΨһǿĻҼ壬˵һǿļ屻һҵĳƺš
ĳǳظӵĹ󣬸ӷӸ߿տȥпĴʻ޳ˮһƬ֮
࣡
ˮĸоĳǳ˿ںܶ࣬쳣֣㣬ǳҲкܶðߴһЩΣյĹ
е̻ᡢкһЩ֯ҲǺܶ࣬Щϲ̨棬еĻٶܺһЩ˹ҹ
ţݵĶţݶһڶڶһУܴţռ˺ܴһ
ţıһһɣܴﵽ֮УѾǺǿˣΧΧŵĶһһֹɺƺ⡣
׳ǣ
Ǵĳ֮һֻȶǵһεĴǣλڴ棬ʹƵٶǴıߴš
׳ǲֱӺʹģмʵźôһ֮أ
һرȵĵطһĵܹ㣬ɽĵشɳĮ޺УһرΣյĵط
ˮ뵽̨诵ţɽڴһȻĴˣֻǲ֪ڴʲôط
ʱϺ֪浹Ƕڶɣ
һǳһʵֺܶģ׳ǻǴ֮һˮ̨̺课һǺԶĵطš
׳ڴһǣ˻ʳǾˣʵо˵һЩʵڣôΣ
̨Цſˮ̡
ðʲôʱȥأ
ˮ˵
ôﰭˡ
̨ƽ͵˵ƺЩЦ⣬Ǹ˸о޷
ôᣬҾʦŵ㡣
ˮЦЦ
ʦ׳棬ǸںҲϺ
̨΢Ц˵Ȼ̧ͷǰָָ
¥
ϢһɣžɣҸ˾ʺϡ
̨读ͷ˵
¥һҾ¥ֳԷȾסһģȻҲֻԷסޣ¥ɣʮ㣬װ޲رޣȴǷǳĴһϵΣ˸оƷζ
һָоֻƾָо֪¥һ
ſڵӦˮ˱ȵӦ˹İȥӦʲôûмһ˫۾
ڲǻȣмǹò͵ĵطһԶеıȻǵĸЧǱȽϺõģǷ䡣
ڲܴˮַ̾ǰҲܼģƤ
¥λλǱȽƫƧһ㣬Ѿˣƺܿͻ
̨С㣬׳Ƕʲôʵǿǿ󣿡
ˮо̫ˣʱԺߡ
ʵˮҲ֪ԼˣţȻǿܴ󣬵ˮʵǺܿµģİٶƵʵѾֲܿˣڹʦһŶ٣ڲɼ˿вôĹʦɼˮڵʵǺǿġ
ˮܴ⣬Ϊڵĸ߶ȿʦˣϾͨˣһûͨⱲӻ޷ʦģΪǹʦǰ߹Ҳ֪˵ûκν
ܿ˱ˣܾ뺣Ǻ֮ģζرʣӦһɫɡ
׳ǵĳңǳؾΪģ׼Ǻպ˻ң׼ҺԼһЩɾʵˡ
̨Ů²˺󻺻˵
׼ң׳ǻЩȽǿ󣿡
Ҿ֪׼ҺǿӣҲûʱ䣬̫ˣ̫ˡ
ˮ
Ҳǣǰ̨¥Ӧʶ
ʱһ¥ͦͦңʮˣ׳꣬Ŀ࣬Ķߵ·ʱȻˮһ
ףǿС־ԣĲñ־ˣֱ𡣡
һֿ


1139 ϱۣһ̫į
رͻأԱȽϰĻͻȻˮ֪ԼߵŮ˵ģ̧ͷ˵ĺӡ
һͷŨܵͷһֻʨ൱࣬·ǰ󳨿ţ¶һļ⣬ɢһմֿϢ
òȻŨܵͷٺУرһ˫۾Ұ޵ϢҰԺԸо˶ЩŮĶҩ
٣û뵽Ȼʹó־֮ĴŮˣһݵ̫ˣ˵һôôƯŮˣôûмء
˵ǰΪߵһӣ˴Ŵ󷽵壬ǸҹӣĿ޳Ͷһֹ֮
ֱӰǰٳõ籩һɾˮǿԸܵӦͷ
˵һѾߵˮⲻԶû³çֱʲôˮɨһ۾ͼԲˡ
ŮǴͷβ̧ͷһ۶ûУ̨诽ûдɴȴǴһСɵߣֻ¶۾ͱµĲλֻһ°ͺ촽ξѾÿƵƵעĿˣ˵ֻ˵˾Ѿ˲ںˣһҲƯҲν
ǲֳϣŮǶκεͨɱˮоһӦǱȽǿģȻôôԵӦЩ̡
룬һΪɫ˻ᾭǰ𣬽ܿѾ汲ոˣŮҪˣҼҵЩǶ
˷ܵ˵
٣Ҫ㣬⼸˿ҲѰˡ
˵
ǵ󣬵ˮȴúŮ̧ͷˮˮǼŶƺʲôҲûһ
ߣǹȥǰôǲûȴûп˵ʲô
磬˵ʲô
һ˵
˵ǲǣ˵ǲǣôõķܷŹ𡣡
ֿԸҲˣűļ壬֪ᱻ˿ٴˡ
˵ʲôѾͷǰȥֱߵˮֳצֱˮԴȥ
ˮﰵһ䣬ֱ̫˰ɣϧЩ˵ʵ벻ˮۣЩһܴҲֻļ塣
Ų˵Ŀˮһһֱӷ˳ȥ
ۣ
һϸСͬʱĻٵĲҽУֱֻƣҿӻϣȡӹƻۡ
ٱˮһֱӴõɳȥʱˮվǣȻ׳Ǽʷ̸ڣʲôйʦڵģжٹʦ
ʵһ֮ҲģЩˣΪ׵ļҲʮҵʵǺǿˣ۷ʵˣǵȻСҲˮûɱ֡
ǲɱ֣ǰ˿ֱµɱֻ֣ˮûжķŭֻɫоϣһ˻϶𣬲ᣡ
ʵˮҪӣûмץסֻǲİԼ˵ĽС
ǰɣҵŮҲ
ˮƽ˵ӴȴֱӽЩѹĴ
仰ąֻ̃ȴޱȣ˵ֻ˵˵ҲڲԼʲôʱŮˡ
ߺ֮䣬رСǿģѹ֮¿԰Сĵѹ԰ѹ飬Ҳǰѹ˵ɱֻһ֮䣬ͨϣɱмɱ
Ϲ˹ۣôŮ˵ע⣬˴ƹһΰɡ
ڵϱ˵߲ͣĴԼ
Ѿһĳ裬رԼԼΪ˻û˻Ѿǰ̬ŵͣûʮĴʱǲɱ˵ģһ
֮Ϊ֪ǿߵŮ˾ǸۣǰԼǿ߿ɱ֣Լһ˸Ķ֣ɱԼҲһ֮飬ʱпԼɥ
ˮûдɱǣ̬Щѧϲ̫ĳɾͣߣǿ߱߱һǣϥѧдɾ͵ķëǡ
һ˴һ첲߰ɣס´һֱʧҪ˵ĻҪ鷳ֻҪǺ֮κһϵģҾͻȥȡǵ
ˮûκһ飬ҪǵĵҲҪǼסһ첲Ӧܼסɡ
꣡

һƬ۵𣬴ͷ亹ˮ˾Ϲ뿪ˮǻȥԷ
̨С㡭
ʲôʱŮˣ
̨ͷҲֱ̧ӴˮĻ
ᣬûǸ˼ġ
ûǸ˼ô˵Ǹ˼ô˵
̨诱Ҳֻ˵˵˵ƺое㲻ԣһʱ˵ȥֻóԷ
ûǸ˼֪ô˵
ˮû뵽ŮҲǺ˵ʲôоŮ˵ԸƱ䡣
ˣ˵ˣסԺҪ˵ŮˣǰҲС
̨ƽ
Բ𣬾Բˡ
ˮҡҡͷν
̨С㣬֪𣿡
֪һ㣬ϲ̨棬㲻̫в㻹ǵ͵ȽϺãӵģ㻹Ҫչ̽㣬Ҫɣ̽һɽΣ鲻ɽ
̨诿ˮ
ˮһ㶣ȥ
Ϊʲô
̨ƣϾ̼ɽôܴģڴɽǱȽϳţһɫŮˣϵܴģɽĵλ⣬оӦ֪ôġ
ǸҸ̲ߣһ̫į
ֱŤסˮҪγˮôҲû뵽ˮ˵Ļ
̨һ㶣Ѹٵͷﰵ쵰û˸ǰ˵޼ɵһŷĺܿ죬ȴֲ˵ʲô
̣ء
ˮЦʵ
ģ
ǲǲҡ
˵ûˡ
̨ƵĴˮ
̺Цſ̨诣ˮۡ
ȥϺһʱ䡣
֪Լеš
ˣ
ˮЦʵ
ţˣȥҡ
Ǻðɣߣȥׯ԰׳иңʲôʱҾˣȥׯ԰ġ
ˮʹӦ̡
̨读ŵùģ˵Լǵɽɽڵӵɣ̼ɽž޴ĺôģҲΪԼΪˮ̵֪ԸʵǿԼƿһ
ҲԭˮӦ


1140 ׯ԰װ壬ε̨
ׯ԰ͺˣֻҪǮЩǺ׵ģķһׯ԰˵Ƨһ㣬ҲԶԣϾﻹڷ
ׯ԰ͨģлûüֱӱˮˣһкüۣһǵ׼ۣиһڼߣί˵һڼߵĻôͿ԰Ǹֱ
˵һҪĻпȥֻ׼ۣȻҲпȵ׼ۺһڼ۸ߺܶ
Ȼ˲ٵĽǮЩˮ˵ûʲôоɾⶫ˲٣Щ۵ʵе̫ˡ
ߵ磬Ǯ򲻵öģׯ԰ýǮҪλòõģʹҲˡ
ׯ԰СǰԺӣÿԺСׯԺÿСׯԺһ¥һԺ䣬ԺлľɽͤţȻҲֵˡ
ˮһôׯ԰ʲôأ
Ժеˮ˵
ţݵĵһңԶǵļңǴһ㣬滺һȽϺãסǿסԺ䣬ԵǸԺ䡭
ˮ˵
̽㣬ҪСģ⣬Ӵ˲ȫʲô¡
̨һֱûô˵ȴ˵һ䡣
ˮ̨ҡҡͷȻѾкüˣһŮһǲֵġ
̨Ǹϲɫȴһֱˮ쵰Ǽһ˵Լ벻ķ𡭡
Ů˵̨֣ڼʱһΣҲֻһӡ󣬻ѺżģҪԶַУԼһҪæԼбһ¡
ԭʵһֱôƽ⣬һŮ˳Ǻܴġ
ǸСŮˣûΪԭˮʲô뷨ֻԶַʱˮһֺ棬ֺΪˮʵġ
˵Լļҵֳֵӽ⣬ûкߵ˽ӴʦɽҲһɫŮˣҳɻľͻ뿪ţ뿪ɻŵˣɽŮӸϵɫɽ̨Գ׼޵ҲҴ֮ˣ϶֮λ
ҲԭɽڴĵλܸߣΪҳԱ檶ɽˣ
ˮ̨诲Լӣڲ֪ô£Ϊ棬ҲΪŮͼϵŮӣǿˡ
ˣˮǸˣһ
̨̿诲ˮ̨诵ƽû˿仯
ˮҲûо쳣Ůûжôǿҵôһ㣬оӦŮͼԭ
ֻԭǲȥ̨诵ġ
о̨Ů˵Ը׽͸˵һ˵Ըͬ˫۾ţסʥ࣬һĴ
һף£һ֪ԣʥ˲£͵۳񣬶
Ҳǻ۳Żɣ
̨诺ˮ˵ھ͸˵ˣ˵̫ˡ
úã͸ɣ
ˮԥһµݸ̨һöָʥʯָ
̨㶵Ŀˮûнӣһ˫ĿˮƺΪʲô
Ҫ룬Ϊ㱣ģϾԺһӶ࣬Ϊ̵İȫ
ˮЦ˵һ䡣
ȻˮͰʥʯָ˵һ£һǿ̨һƽƺرϲָֻǻûֽӡ
ָֿˮҡҡͷҺϲָֻ̫ˣҲҪ
̨˵ĺܿ϶ƺʲô
Ҷ˵ˣΪ̸ģ͵̵ıɣ
Ұ̽㲻Ҫκα꣬ҪæǲģҲҪ
̨诼ҡҡͷֻìܡ
ǸִŮˣҲˣ͵һˡ
ˮ˵
ûôĽ飬ָ̫ˡ
̨诿ˮ˵
ˮҭһ£ˣһɣ
ǸҺϲָ
̨诿ˮҪָæ˵
ˮǸƣоŮԼֲ
˵С㣬˵ô죬ϲҸ㣬ֲҪֲϣ˵ôɡ
ˮϲҲЦˣĿľǸһ鰲ȫϵ
ö㻻òָͬȴ۵Ķ
̨诿ˮǷˮ顣
ˮȻҲˣŮ˻Ůģ
һ첻װ壬õģϲֻǶԶʦã֪ϲϲ
̨óһ飬ڹĶӵĹ׵·ȴŲʹתСһ׶࣬ߺⶫһֻϹ׵һ顣
ˮһ׾ЦˣŮ˲֪ԼǶʦ֪ܺú׵ĻһİõĺԼо׵ļֵͽָܶࡣ
׶ҺҪٱָļֵͣҪҺ̶ָֻһĽָǼֵߣˣûǾǵȼ۽ˡ
ˮɷ˵ӹףɽָϣֽӴ˲仹ܵĲ
ׯ԰ˣˮٻǮ˼ԺĻмķׯ԰ΪʱȥﻹҪɨտһµġ
ŮҪɽˮסһϣȥܿģŮǴӦˡ
Ҫ̨һ˯ģˮǿϣˣ´μҪЩˣʱ罺ᣬͻȻֿ治ġ
ϣˮڴϵ࣬ȡţһҲǺ飬ֻҪˮҪ󶼴Ӧ
Ͼȥˮ֪Ķһ飬ޱȣɬķӭţȻʱеŤ󣬾ˮĴϣθ߸𡭡
ˮ˵˲ٺûֻ̲ǰԴڱˮǷѩ׵ΣӳǰѪţڳôơ
ˮײţ֪ʲôʱѾͷϵĽȥɵջ˵ĺΣ˫ۡ
һûô˯ֻǸһ̨诱ǸƣúסǲԶķ䣬ߵܺãһ㲻¶ĴĶУһЩ˵ĻҲ
⻹޵ݵģסԼʶûκãЩħһУԲǣԿˮһڵӰԼܿһЩ󣬾ˮϵǸŵġҲܿ
ЩӰֱӽӣǰΪǻþ֪ǣʵģҲûã޵ݵǣȻȣܲԼҲʪˡ


1141 սסսȹ
̨ǵ糺һƬϧûܿ龰һֱˮǱƽָоˣڿԷסʶ͸֪
֪ô£еԼԼԭĲƽһӿ龰ͷ·վǷ俴һĳһϴ
һˮҲ֪֪ĻһŮͼйϵ֮޷ֻǲ֪֪Լ˿˻ô롭
Ѿ˯ȥ̫ˣϹҸЦݣ˺ǻ˳谮ĸоǺܺõģôǿҲǸŮˣ¹¶
뵽¶ˮ뵽ǰһЩ飬һ˲ˣסԺԺ󿴵Ĳǰܶ࣬Ůǣ˺Ǯû
˲ˣȴǷҩɱˣһ˴ܴҽԺһллأҽԺ֪ͨԳԺǰһɱˡ
µ֪ɱ̫¶ˣΪûжŮϰҲˣһ˼ʹصҲûѾûпǣҵĶˡ
һδ̾¶뿪˶ľңŮҲɼˣˮŻǺѹϵǰƽʹƽпԼǣԼǣҵ˲Ų¶Ϊ˿롣
ĶͷȻ߳ȥֱӽɾڻеʱ䣬ˮȥҪоװ塣
װֶ˵һ걳ϵļװ壬һ־д˵ѪޣѪĳ̶ȣҲŵȣ̨诸һȻ󣬵Ʒʻ㲻װƷʲǴСġ
װˮͿˮе߹꣬߹֣оӦûǿ
ˮɾ׼һЩ¼ףر࣬ս׺սȹЩ¼׶ˮĿǰõĲ϶죬ǵŷ
ˮҪ״һ¼ףܴ˵԰ɣǲЧ
ˮһֱЩ¼ײ⣬Ϊﵽˮ̶ȣЩ¼׵ֻܽˡ
ˮͨװ壡
װ壬ļװ壬ǿġ塱һЩϣֱʹãҪʹá
ⶫҪӵ٣ˮоⶫʺԼΪԼ޺߹꣬Լᱻ߳ɣһͼĹʦþԼֵܵ
һ뵽ˮرļһҪԼһǿսףϾɽʹãԼʵһԳӣԺͳԼǺܶսˣϾԼսǺĵġ
ˮѡʼˮѡʵ΢Ӳһģ֣ۺʵõġ
ǽƤƳɵģǴռĿռзֵõƤݸŮһףҲУһˮԼװ忴Ρ
¼׳Σװ壬̻ǺҪģװͲ̫ףװԣͶԾе
Ժܶʦ޷ף½ǿĶʦǿߣǿҩʦҲǿһΪҪԼı֮
ˮı֮ǻ𣬵Сɺˮŷһ仯ı˻ģΧǾ
ҲϬޱȵĻ𣬺οǾһǰĻٴһ̨ףһںϣӣΪǻ𣬿ԺںϵĻﱾǻ
ʱʧˮЦˣΪװɶֻҪɶϣʶеͼѸתӴ
һξһܵʱȥˣװȻڻһ㵭ˮһ¼У־̫˷˼
һʼˮеţܿͷҪٿˮ¼ںϽȥرľ
ˮ۶ǹâһȫµװԭˮȻһγԣƺϤһƵĵӦֻ֣Ǿе󣬻ܳܵ𣬱ϾΪ޺ԭļ˺ܶࡣ

һϸ΢ŽӲӵ¼һѤĶʹậܶˮûзǼɫ
ȲĿ³¯¼ס
սףһӶľսס
ףþ߶һԭĻϷһڷɡ
ˮǸˬˮڶһЩǺ˽ģ־磬ս׺ϡȱرʵĴﵽһģǳǿĴڣǰͼʵʱһЩ¼׿ڴֱӻʧȥãȻʵҲ¼ף̫ˣڴ˵
ˮıǽǷǳ׳˶촸ӣǧ
ں⣬ֻǲ֪ʦʵߴ׻ܴܲﵽһЧû˵¼и޶ȣʵǿ˿ԺĿϵսס
ԣ
ˮϣأһɺȻ֮ӿ壬Ȼ֮ûдоƺסһĸоָоϵĿӺܶ࣬ͷƺǰһ㡭
ö
ˮ̲ס޵
ʱ仹Уװ廹в٣ٶûģֱӶ֣սȹ
ս׵һģһֻǿսȹƯǰս׺ͽսȹۣرĻװˣҲе仯ǻƺ˵㣬һִ
ˮر⣡
óȥˣɫѾʱҲˣϴһֱӳȥ̫Ѿ𣬿ʱ䳿ʱϾҪȥˡ
ûˣ̨̺ڳʶԸܵ˳ȥŮ
еݹˣˮеƺ뵽ķɬˮпһߵ̨诣ʱһּȸӵ۹⿴Լ
Ҫ֪˻ƾ֪Ϊʲôôˣˮܵһ㲡
ȥϴ£ȥԵģ
ˮЦŮ˵
ˮ֪ΪΣ̨Ǹӵֹĸо˵˿ŮʱԳģŮ˿Ҳԣֻһָоû̫ԣЩ쵫ǿԸܵڵˮеĸо
ʵ˹ˡ
ˮԵıֹš
Ѿˣˮóһսȹݸ̣㣬һҪ뿪ˡ
һȹӣЦŽӹûУһ˴ÿ
У͸ɣ͸ԲҪ
ˮٵݸһס
̽ӹֱ̨ߣȥ·
̨诸ȥ·ˣˮеƣһϲо̨诱е죬ǲ֪ʲôԭ򡭡


1142 ϫӡ
Ů߳ʱˮסˣ֮ˣ·ͻִϣδ˿Ӳɫ
ǲʹװ壿
̨课ȵĿˮڷ֪ģʲôʱأʱ䰡Ծ뵽һĻš
ţ˸һʦ
ˮЦ˵
ûжʱ䰡
̨رɻ˵
ϣôʱҶսȹˡ
ˮƽ˵
ϲڡ
̨һС˵Ȼûг˵Ҷˣʲǫֱֻ̂ӵͷһ˲ˮȻһ
ˮ֪ˣŮԼ̻õˣӦһҹûô˯ãҲΪʲôе㲣Ӧһҹûô˯Լڴҹˬڷ尾һҹӦǼ尾ɡ
ˮĿ̨诣ֲϿԼֵֹģҲΪôְɣе㲻⡣
ߵ޵ݣû뵽̨Ҫ̨֪诿ˮЩƲ֪롣
ˣʱˣǸˣ
̼ʹ̨ҲرĲ˼̨ǸŮˣԻһ㣬æߴ٣Ʋεľ档
úãߣȥϺ
ˮæ˵ͷſ̤ȥʹþлվڿУ԰׼ҿ԰Ѿõ¡
ˮ־ٵҲʹãһЩҪľ޴ģþеľۿۡ
ѡãˮеƣǰһʹãˣҪһڿԸˣҪһ𣬵ΧһȦȻ;᲻ȣ˼Ҳпܡ
ˮס̣ס̨诣ˮ̨֣ͻȻִܵеĻţ·ֿˮ壬Ƿ·һħһһֱƽĳ
ƺ֪ô쵽ˮģھϽ뿪ˣԺټһѾемܲס
У

Ĵ̨֮ˮҪˣг޷Уû̫ԶˣΪΧѾһƬˡ
Ϻ
ϺںȴһޱߣںƵϴˣɽںеһ޴ĵϡ
͵ɣ
ԶѾֻݣ涼һŮӣֻƾξ֪ɫ
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Ǻã̾ˡ
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ǰʮŮӹ̨ʩ
̨诵ͷȻ̵ˮȥ
ɽŮֻҪɻľͲɽˮ̻ɻ飬оɽǾԵġ
ųϣЩѾܶɽǺܶģɽ̻һЩˡ
ҵʱȥǸׯ԰
ˮ˵
Ҫ̽Ļ͵˴㴫ŵġ
Ҳȥȥɣ

ˮվڿпԶĵ죬ȻԶȴҲܿԼĸߴɽӰҲܿ
ˮһֱǵӰʧڵϣһֱվڰտʱ仹ܶ࣬ȵȡ
µˮóվϺˮϣҲϺˣѾþûдˣȨһ顣
ܿ͵ƯƯˮЦֻһ㣬׶೤ֱһڰвϵ
ˮҡҡͷ˻ȥͲÿζܵöģǰΧҪкöණУͻеĺö
еֻСĺ˻ȥ˵ҲһصĴڣԾţ˵еֻҪԽ˵еžͻữž˵еš
ȻֻǴ˵һ˵㶼ǧ֮һʲĸʻˮ̸ŲţоӦһǸһЩС֮˵
ûһᣬƯٴ³һ̲㣬һߴС̲㣬ΪΪ⣬ҡҡͷٴη
ˮȻٵһ˲δ֪ջĸоп龰ĸо
ʱ䲻֪Ĺȥˮľƺڱ仯һ֮䣬ˮһ֮ˮ
ˮͽֻֻ̧֣Χˮ·һˮһˮеһ
ϫӡ
ˮ
ˮȻһӣΧһƬ˷ڣһǸܵˮãã֮ˮ飬ˮͻһĿ£ˮ֮
ˣ
ֻˮгľ޴У޵׶һһ۶оӿֻš
ϫӡеĲӿѾУֽɱѾ൱ˮܿˣڵ˱ֱС׼ס
򵽵˲⳱ϫӡɱ֮һսĺڣɱһ֮䡣
ʩչϫӡˮоˮʵõõķӣ˵ʵۿۣο⡰ˡʵ̫ˡ
ˮû뵽ɢɢĶóϫӡõһξ޴Ľˮһˮ
ɽվӰһ̨诣һһһŮˣŮ˱̻ҪһЩ޳رķ飬ؿڵһ֮һ㣬ͦεĿκ˵ߡ
һɫȹ˵壬ׯûһ˿ƣһ˫ˮ˫ͫһ˿ʪȴִǵǿһ
诶ǱޣҼѾˣ˱ȴǲʮǧŮ˵еɳƣдԣһ˵ɣʱˮʩչ˻˵
ţӦǰɣ̨诲ûжôľȡ
诶ôˣҿеĲɵģʲô˵ʦŮ΢Ц˵
ʦû°̨诺ǺЦ
Ѿͷˣûһ֪𣬲㲻˵ҲӲ㡣Ů˵Ц紺磬·ֽǡ
ʦ̽ɣ̨Ц˵
㣬ӦúǸСӹϵǳɣʦϣȥһֱƽҲ֪ʲôϣҪôСŮ˵
ʦûУͽ˵ⱲӲ˵ġ̨æ˵
ŮҡҡͷЦˣҵͽ˼ɫ̫˷ˣ˵ˣûо˲ˣֻоܿһЩֻܳƵֻϣ诶ʱҪȥоҶ֧㡣
ʦִȤңʦˡֻ̨ŮǰŻСŮһ
ǸСӲ̣ȥС뿪ɣŮЦ˵뿪ˡ
ˮһֱϫӡȻʩչһ£


1143 㣬㣬ˣ
ʱȻˮڵĳϫӡȴǷ˷츲صı仯Ľ뵽˳ϫӡĸ߼׶Ρ
ˮĸоʧ󣬲֪ͣûǰǷٶȾͻҪһأ
˵ǰٷ֮ʮŵĺˮͰٷ֮һԣٷ֮һǲٵģٷ֮ʮŵĺˮҪ죬һֵʮĿޣࡣ
Χˣˮһ߻ζǰ龰ȻóͣһλɢģΪԼĸƽ
Զһ˵ԺԣΪĲǲܵģƯٴ¾ҳʱֱһ
Ȼˮʹˣ
һɫ㣬ܹ֣Ӻֻͷر㳤һ룬һرĹ죬ˮȴǿޱȡ
㣡
ˮһر֣ˮɾĻƽҩ˿ѷɫֻⳤһԵģҲǺһЩ޸ҽεҪĹܾʳһԪʮ꣬ÿһֻʳʮ
㲻󣬳һߣȴǿڴ棬ҲΣգ㱾Ҳرĳ٣˵ԻǧϵԪʱԽԽ󣬿ҩ
ˮĵֱӶɾĳһջҪܶͺˣȻɾֳһ
ˮһ߻룬һ߼ˣ͸ںǲǵöһ˲ˣԷˣҲǶôԣ¶ٺá
ˮǲöֻ֪öô׵ĵܵһѾǸԵˡ
ʱˮ̧ͷ̨̺诸˹
¿Է˰ɣ֪㲻ٿ̽ǲ뿪ģôĲҡ
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ûУҾǸоﲻ㣬ղŵһֻ㣬˻ˣϺкö
ʹɣ
̨ûдһ˿ЦĿˮ
㿴Ϲˣˡ
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һ˶ˣ
һ㣡
ˮĳ㣬ٿȵŮһ̨诲˵ǰĵһֻ㣿
ǰ
ˮ˵
ǾͲˣһϹģһ㶼һһԵĳֻ֣ҪеһֻһֻҲֻеһֻ죬Ҳг㡣
̨˵˳ܺ˲֪ʲô
ˮҲû뵽ǰΪֻһֻ̾أºˣ˵ûһȺĳء
̨е㶣Ϊⳤ˽ĸһ㣬˵ֻг˴βܵ㣬ԺǿûκΣյشʲô˵ˡ
̨ôҲ԰˺ͳ˵ӣôкüŮء
ˮҲɾĳУǳװˣŮǻȥɣҲҪ뿪ˡ
ˮǰ̣žǡСһһߵ̨诺޲ǰһ٣̫ˡ
СĴûôҹûǸ˻ǰˡ
ʵܶʱŮǰαװ˵ŬԼøһ㣬رԼϲŮǰϲǸŮˣͻȻĶࡣ
ⲻ֪Խαװ˷УܶҲ֪ǡԶȻƲסҲֻжһŮû뷨˲ŻȻӡ
̨ھ飬εԼȻûкйӴЩʶ֪ģͨˮ֪һЩ
̱һƿˮԹˮۣһԲȻ̨诣оҪ޵ˡ
ˮ뿪ˣ
̨诺̻վе㲻˼Ŀ̨诣̵̨ЦһԻҸġ
ףãô˵ˡ
ҲܾȣˮȻûֱð̨诣һ̨诲˵ġ
ֽг㣬ֻг˲ֻܵȽ˲ܵһͶ˸飬壬Զı䡣
̨΢Ц˵
ã˵ԶԺüŮ˳𣿡
ɻĿ̨诡
Ҳ֪Ӧᣬˣ˵ˣǶϵˣ̽ԺһҸģʦ޲ڡ

ˮʹþзȥպãˮʵܸˣֻҪһһأҪǾǰʱҪʱ䣬˲һء
صׯ԰ʱŰ磬ºˣ׳Լһˣį̸ϣʲôļįûܹ
ҪʵճΪʦ̤Ϲʦ֮·
ҪľճΪ۷ĹʦȻʵѰҵ۳Ȼϣã
߳ţǰǷĴ·½෱Ľֵɫɫ˴УԼ顣
֮ǰܾŵĺ⣬ΪȻǴɣܸоѾԳŵǰ֮ƣҪһ֧ģԼ̤֮С
ˮڴѰ˼Լ飬ϾɾʱѾ㹻ˣ׳飬һЩʵĹעύһЩˣҪԼԼҪãϵҵ۳߶Լʵа
ԼóֵĶǺܶģһһߵˮ֪ʲôʱѾ߽һĴ֡
֣
ˮʱǸоرֻ֣߽ȥ֪ԭк̣ܶȻܶ൫Ҳһһо¥ģ׾һҶĴƺǿһϵȵı¼ףǹģҪ̫̫ˡ
ۣ
ˮ߽ȥûжԶ㿴һų۵ӣ߽˿һСһ̣ǻ̻Ҫ٣Сˡ
ֺܿĻ϶ߣˮʶԸܵһЩǿ߳
жģҲ¼׵ģεģȻҲȫ漰ģ׳Ǻܳģˮڴĵͼᵽֵġ
˵ֺܶǰ֮࣬ҲǴʱֿʼΪ֣һϵҫûˣֵ
ϾǴ˵ĶʱҲûгֶ٣ִƺҲҪɷ֣Ѿû˵˭ٶˣı¼׵Ȼ൱ĺãܶ˵ıġ
ͻȻоԼȿ̣û죬̵̷ʲôģԶ˽һЩ飬˵׼۳Ϣˡ
뵽ˮҳ޵ĵ̣λòСһ㣬ǰһˮСˣֻǺǰЩе
ˮ߽̣˺٣ϡļıʲôĿҲôۣһôϴܳء


1144 㶯ֽл
ˮһУܹžɣǺǰЩ࣬ǵĽоܲڶϣų
ҲиԺ䣬Ժ䲻һ¥Ӧס˵ģˮ㿴һжֲҪۡ
ﻹикҲʮ꣬ʱڴк΢׳׳ģͷҲ೤ˡ
ˮкЦʵãƹǣ
ˮȻ²Ǹڶƹ񣬵ҲпֻƹĹӶʦԻʱȽ׵
Ǹүүƹ񣡡
кæЦ˵֪Ҫʲô
ˮͷȻȥʱƺæˣͷÿˮԼ˹¶Цݡ
үүλ㡣
к˵
ʱˮ˵ӣеϣܺãϵƺܶ࣬ÿһµĺۼ
˼ãҿĵҪۣ֪ǲġ
ˮ΢Ц˵
ãͷͺˣλôƺ
ϣȻʾˮԺȥ
࣬˼ֱӽˮɣ
ߵʯ¡
ʯСֻСʯӣ滹иСͤԱһֱҵСˮأˮлм㣬мˮݣĵطСˮϲ
ĴҪСûʲô
˼ҡҡͷЦſˮ
ѵ̲άΪʲôأԺʲô
ˮ뵽ǰкеС
άƵĻǲģֻѾƶ޷άˣŻʲôãǻСԺ䣬ڸҸ̴֣Ҵһӵܸɵġ
Ц˵
ǲ֪˼׼Ǯ
ˮЦʵ
Ҳ֪أҲƭ㣬겻Ϊ֣ŪɱҪҪǵطҲС̣Щ˵ġ
˿ˮ˵
˼ң˵ЩͲҲ𡣡
ˮǺʵˡ
Ըȥ
ҡҡͷ
ɣֻ̺ͰԺӣ͵ǧΣ
ˮȻСͤ
ǧӲ൫Բ٣һͨ˼ңǧǸԣޱˣοǧӡ
̫ˣֵôࡣ
æ˵
˼ңԺǲ汲ģڵгӦòֵ֣࣬Ӧ󣬲һ˹ǳôࡣ
ˮںǮ˳Կ
У̫ˣɣǾ͸һǧɣǾסţˣסأ
ɻĿˮ
ĲԶзӣǮϾܸøʡǮҲûռˣǳʺңȥ̣ǿɲǮ򵽵ġ
ˮЦ˵
óˮҲ⣬ọֻ̃׺ܿˣˮóƱһЩԪ֮ࡣ
˼ңﻹҪȥĹǿɲǮ˵
ˮ˵
Ŀ𣿡
˾ϲĿˮ汲µĶҲǺ°
Ȼˣ

ˮеæˣĳժȻԼ׼һƣˮˣ־ͽл̡
ˮĵСˣҪƹҴ㣬ҪøĶ֮оһῴġ
ˮǧ꾫죬Ӧò˰Ƹ߰ɣˮǲֿܡ
ʱѾȥˣˮţһ㣬Ȼٸʽ뵽ʽҪҪ㣬Ͼﶼ֪үģԼڡ
ˮ뵽ԺǾˣֻƻҪǱˮͷׯ԰
ׯ԰
ˮ߻ȥп˵
ŵĺķӵŵǲмˣҲСˣˮſ⣬ȲҲУֻҪ߱˿žУķҪǴɨԺԼľʲôġ
סȻС㵫ʶҲסġ
ˮ˴кͽȥˣˮֻ֪һľһ³Ǹ˼ҵˣٸԣĵطࡣ
ص䣬ˮԼ˵ԵģˣʵñչˣֻкͼŮһʱ򣬼ŮԵģʰʲôġ
ŮԵĵȻˮĺóԣϾˮоŮĺóãõĸо
ɾˮ˿㣬ûʲô仯ˮкܻԾˮǵӰƮһһָоһֱһ߲ϣرľȡ
ˮע˺Ͷǰ֪ٳԳˣ
ͻȻˮӰˣڿնȻֶ̽
ϫˮˣ
ʱˮһƬһϺʱ͸оˮˮٴζˡ
ŲӰޱȵĻָо·뵽˴Ȼһ֣Ų֮˵϶ĳϫˮʧˣˮڿвϵĴߡ
ңǹƺĻһоӰˮеĳζе񣬵ӵĸ
㶯
Ӱ·޿ײ룬ܶٶԶײЩˮеʯͷұһ
ˮͣʱʱƺѾȥ˺ܳʱ䣬ˮɾޣھɾޣںܳһʱǲܲսˡ
ûгļ󣬻ǻ᲻ʱһᣬһ𣬵ʱˮһѾˣû»ƷʸӸߡ
ժѾˣһˮûʹã׼㵽ŵʱʹãϾ̫Сˣżʻһ㣬ȻǰʱɹˣǸоûס
ʹãое㸡꣬ҲǸţݣе鶼һ֪ģõһ淢չҲ̤ʵ
óһȿʼ죬лֵ̼ģͶԼŪˮھһϻһʵӰǻӰ˿ҲϳǺܺÿ
һˮӦ֣ҲζģˮȫԼһ
ˮл֣һʵӰƺڿұߣұˮ̻ӡȥ񽣡潣սӡ
ˮĻѾ˻֮ڿ̳ɣƱЩӿƯˡ
ҪĻսסƷȣ
ƺˮԺ·ôߣȶһ°ɣȰԼľƽ˵ɡ
ˮϫӡ㶯ʱһĹȥȵһѾҪȥˡ


1145 ̫ţܲ£
ڶˮĺ磬סһԺ䣬Ժд̫ȭ̫ȭ붼룬ֻĸоеĶֻûʽ
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һܿ죬жˮһ£µĶ̨ˮǰЩݽֲͭͭʲôĶڳԱ֮ǰЩǿ˺ܶࡣ
Щ˲٣ڰڳоرĺʣӯıܶոµġ
ɾˮµĶϲ٣ǰϰսʲôĺܶ࣬òϡ֮ϧһֱɾţôôһˣڰڳһЩá
ǰϳʱһʱʦһޱȡ
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ͷҲˮæµţЩ°ڳı¼ʲô˾֪Լ˼Ҵʮǧ
ԼҲһ򲻳ϵ̨ıԼδϣںߵѧͽҲǸĻԵˣȷģѧһҲ
ˮݵʱЩǶۣоҪ㣬Ҫܽܵˡ
ÿһˮƽ𣬵ȻҲԣǮҲǮƽ˿ɽ𾫣ҪĻƽһ֡
ͷˮעļ۸ֶڶ£оЩ˿ıֱߣ˻Ǻܶģ˸࣬ЩͲʹõġ
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Ϊ׵˺ǺЦ
ˮ£òӢ˫ϸü俪絶һӲֶͦһ˵Ϭ
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׹ļ˶΢Цĵ
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ĶԻǸ׹ӵĶУͷҲϣĶƽһƽ𻹲׹УֻһСƵ꣬ǰǲʮӵıҺ򣬵ȴֱӱƽ𡭡
ˮڲԶǰЩʲôֱӻ¯ʱڴû͵ϰǧȴɰ
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ˮĴӣһµĸоô־磬Щܸо˾Բ򵥣ǰǶԶʦмһ˵ġ

ϴгصԶվﾲĿǵӰ˺þòջĿ⡣
ʱ򣬵Ѿܶܶ࣬󲿷ֶۣŮˣҲиС㣬ЩƺǮҲ١
ʱĴ̾ѣҲͷЦǮˡ
⼸Ѿȥĵֵ̻Ǯܶ˶ȥڴˮˮһЩֶһ¡
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ǰӺ˧֪ڴǲҲô˧Щ۾ͷϵүÿˡ
˽㣬̫ˣ㿴óȣ۾ÿٿˣҷڿҪȥˡ
˰ɣС㣬Ĵ𡣡
ǰ˵Ů˿Ц

ŮЦ˳ȥߵſƺĿˮ
ˮеĴӺѾһʱ֮ˣ˹󣬰˹΢Ц˵ãǰ
ˮЦҡҡͷãˮüĹĿ̫ǿˡ
һ㶣һ˿ȻеεЦţֻѡ
ΪʲôҪѣΪʲôѣ
ˮƽ͵ĿŰϵЦݶûб仯
ǵһͬǰֱĸо֪ˮʹεѹ
ҡ
ΪϿܰﲻɣ˵üĹĿ̫ԣ˵Ҫô
ˮŰϲˣûнġ


1146 ˼׼ң
Բðʧˡ
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ˣذɣʱһ仰ܷΡȻ
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ܷҲڲϵı仯ҪסԼıģҪԼû˳Уһʧ˱ģҲʧԼ
̣߳·γһĸоٴοϷƣ̣кһЩȫ뿪ֻ뿪ʱĹâ

ˮеĶ죬ⲻ֪ĻѾʼͬʱĻоǡ˧ʦƺš
ʱ򣬵ٴһˣˮһ˾εҡͷЦˣҲ̫˰ɡ
Щһߴͣվһɱ뺷ϢǵҲͬʱһ߽Ϊ׵һֱ˵ͷΪʲô֪ͨǣ
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ʵʵˮǵġ롱ΪȷԼ棬һǰ£ʵڲоԶʧ硣
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ȻǺܵģ֪¾꣬ҡҡͷԼʵеͣ˭֪ûйʦĴڡ
Űʱʱ䣬һɧŴһ
ģȻˣ

ϣӻԺɣ⼸ڼЪЪɣȥٳ
ˮͷЦ

ˣҵģȥɣ
ͷ뿪صԺˮߣʱĽôˮüͷЩȡ֡
ߵſڿȻöˣǰ˺üͨģˣʱǰǸݵˣҲѪ߰ߣ̧ţʹİš
Щ˺ˮ֣
ˮüΪ׵һˣҲ˵ӣˮȵǣ˵˫۴ɷɷһɱܶܶ˺ŻеĶ
ˮƽĿŶԷ˫ۣеĲɣ֪Ӧòôᡣ
Ҳˮ
Ч׼ң㲻
˵Ļܸɴ࣬ͳ̶ҹɵĽһ


1147 ʤԣ״С㣿ʦݳ
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ˮоǿҲ޵ģһҲţԷûʹɱУҲֻһ
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ǿʽޱȣ׼ҵǸ˱ˮһִĻģ£ҲСˮ˫۱һֱա
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һ˲ˮоһԵĸоʱӺҽϢˮԴ
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ˮϴ΢ЦʵսǳɳģȫλĶ㶯ѾǺ;Ź˳ںϣָоˮԼúˬгɾ͸С
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ʱˮһֱӡ˶Էؿڣֱӽ˴õɳȥǰˮ㵫ûоȫΪ˶Լ似
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ˮվЩǰЩϻֲ̿ʱ򣬻û˵ʲôʱ򣬴һ
ãã״Сˡ
״Сˣá

Զһ޳ʻˮ޳ʱҲһһֻޣͨѩףǺܴ󣬳ףףһֻͷеܺÿҳֻ¹һ˵񿥡
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ҲʵȴǼֵǣԺϡ٣һֻۼ޶ûŰԵ޳ݡ
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״С㣬׳ǣ׼ң
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Ե޳ܴ󣬸ϳһߣͨԽԽˮɲ⡣
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ڰ׳ƺҪǿĹʦǿߣһݳˣе״СεºһʦΪݳ
ˮ൱ľȣ


1148 ׼ҴСĿʵ
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ǾֻһԭʦĸԸ״СݳȻߵǲܱһʦ˼ݳġ
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ȻԣС⣬ʲôҪ㺰ҡ
ˮ˵
Ů˹ŹֵĿˮһۣ֮ǰ˵ϢͺԼûκεĲ仯Ǿȡ
Ů˿ϵıʮ֣мֱȽŵıһ潣һϾһ˿ϲãܿҡҡͷ
¼Ҳ΢΢ҡҡͷһ࣬κܶ࣬ܶŮ˴ģʱ¶˿ĵЦݡ
ӡ塢׹
ڴ½ȻѣѵһУֻΪ˺ÿƷһֻǼ򵥵εĻǺܶ࣬ǿĶʦȴǺ٣رǿľ͸ˣٵľ״С㶼ûм
û뵽ȴУȱĶӣֶ٣ʤޣôܲҪǺȱġ
ƽһȻˣ׼ҴС˵ʲôҲûжټȫˡ
ξôҶҪˣ֪ûУ
Ů˻ͷˮ˵
ˮһǲƴֻ֣֪״СΪʲôҪô࣬ҪˮҲ
м͸ųɣ
ˮ˵
Ҫô࣬ǲǿԸұ˵أô
Ů˵Ļˮһ㶣ǰ̾Ů˵ĴֱʣС㰴˵Ӧòȥ۵ġ
ҪһǮˡ
ˮ֪׼ҴС㣬ǮȻҲںǮȥǺгɾ͸еġ
ðɣ㻹ûбЩһġ
״С㿴ˮ˵
У
ˮɴ˵
ģΪʲôڳ
״СƺܿģҲǴӳֵΨһһ˴󲨶ı仯
ΪҲ
ˮҡҡͷ˵
״Сһ㶣ˮһһʱҲ֪˵ʲôܲǿɣ˵Լôû˭Ų϶أ˵ûеĶǺҵ
׳֪ĶʦûһǸεģ˵׳ǣдɾ͵ĶûС
ֻϲرģֻƯҲǺʵãиõģõģϧԷ
ֻоǰ˵ûУΪʲôҪ˵أ
ˣΣҼСɣǮ㿪
ʱǸ˽ˮ׼ҴСĶԻ
ˮ̧ͷȻȴЦҡҡͷҲģҲûмģԼá
ģô
üˮǿѹϵˮȥ
ˮҡҡͷǿѹƺûκθоһЦ˵ҵĶ˭ҲߣΪûпռ


1149 ʵŵİ
ûпռΪûпռҾûа취õҪĶ𣿡
˿ˮɵ˵ֻҲеŹ֡
ԣ
ˮ޺飬ؼԵֵ߳ɵľ񹥻ӦûڱƵĶôǱ
֪֪һսѻ꣬һһʱڿѵһǰļ䡣
ƽ˵
ˮһҲ֪־ؼһǺܴ־ؼʩչرľпܱɣͨõģɹʺܵͣΪѵļ٣߼̵Ķ
ôҲûа취ֻܸ˵ˣѵǸϢҲò
ˮŲæ˵ţΪɱ
ʵǲǿɱﵣִҪӣһĹʦǿҲסġ
壬ˣҪЦˣȻɡ
׼ҴСסҪ˵ʲôˡ
ŮӦúǿƣƺѹˣˮܸܵǲѶŮˣоô
Щǲǿأ
Ůָǰ˵õЦ
һˮЦݣһִδģţŸ紺һһ˳ϷȻ
Ȼԣ
ˮЦ߹
壬ҰЩˣȡ𣿡
Ů˾ֹţһһһЦһһ˵ĸоֲǹʩΪȻ̬
ˣС㿴ǲ⣡
˵ݸŮһ߳İ׽ˮӫһǲʲϵȵĲʡ
ŮУһᲢûʲôɫϱ仯̸ϾϲҲ˵ʧ
С㣬׼кܶЩϺܶΪʲôҪһأѵΪʯ
ҡҡͷ
ʯ
ˮ˵ڣֻ΢΢ȣŮȴǿˮ
Ҳ֪ʯ
ֻ֪֪ݣҵŮơ
ˮҡҡͷ˵
ʵˮʯͷ뵽еһѽķƣϬһǿֻϬ类ӡһӵҲʮ֮һ
ˮеķƣзӡֱΪأ𣬷磬ˮ֡ʱذ߿裬ɳʯںХ
ûôͺ˵ˣοˮоԼ죬Ҳ첻ǵıԴӡ
ûд㻻طĶ츳ǿ뻻طһҪκߴεĶʦ
Ůƺ˵
лС⣬ںϲطԺ뻻طĻһȥģʱɱʶҡ
ˮҲ˵
һΪҿԶ϶ʱԲ̫ܸʶ㣬ҽ褣ôƺ
Ů˳ʤ׷
ˮҲû뵽Ů˻֣һ߾͸ˣСʲôʱһ˽ύܶҹС˵仰˵ϣСӵǳס
ҽˮܸʶ㣬״С㣬˼񡣡
ˮǺϵһ䡣
褿ˮ˫峺ЦˣӦû󣬵鲻٣㿴첻ˣԶٷô
СԷģֻ±˵޹ڣǼ鼴´ΰɣ´С㡣
ˮ΢Ц˵
ˮ쵰һڹԼҲЦԼǶͼı˱ǰ
ҲãǾͲˡ
褺˸Ǯˮһ뿪ˣˮǵſڣͷˡ
ı¶Լһûʵ˻һ褶Լ֣˲Լ֡
ҪľʵʱԷԼӰˮصɳȲĴӺ̾뿪ˡ
褵ٵ뿪ֺܶ˶أˮ֪һ֮Ӧúˣ⡣
ͷӺֳܿˣҲˣֻ̲ĻǶǹ˿ͰʽҪȵ˵ԱϣҲѡϡ
߶¼ʲôĶҪ̵ģǿ߻ǵͼߣӦĵõģǹϵԼģ˿
̶̵ʱ䣬˧ʦƺųһˣҪ֪ҪһʦĳƺŲס
ˮĻҲΧԶĵطʼȻ˵ҥʲôģƺܿͱûˡ
̶ı¼סοʼȻģĶȴʵãʺϺܶʹãϾЩ˵Ļܴ
ˮѾʮˣڵĶѾʮ֮࣬ͻȻһɧֽʮˡ
޹ؽҪȥ
һͻأһЩ˿һ˺û˵Ȼ뿪ڴˮûͣĻ
׹ˣ롢룡
ͷȵкš
˵ͷ۹Ⱑ
˵Ϊ׵ǸˣƺҲ͸ոӣͦΣĿǣ΢΢ŵӥԵúǹϸʱͷ΢Ц˵
ˮͣ˰Ĺ˿ͶˣȻҪհףһհ׻ôŵĻм׼ҡ
ˮͰеƵˣ뵽Ǵ龰ˮܸоĹĿԣܸܵڼӦò̫еλ
ǰʵƺҲǿӦû޷ţѵԭˮ˹
ҵİɣͦģҽ
˿ˮֱӸɴ˵
֮ǰиүû뵽һү˵ɣʲô飡
ˮ˵֮ǲȥɡ
ҽаڰ׼ػеλãأҰ׼ң֤ǰ;󡣡
˿ˮЦ
֪׼Һ׳ǵ׼ұΣ
ˮ΢Ц˵
㲻ң˵׼㣬ûȥɣ
ЦݸŨˡ
ˮϵЦݴֳŪ֪ôˣЦ˵ôѵ𣿡
ǲ̫߿Լˣо˵׼ʲôļ壬һֻĹļ壬ڶҲв츳Ҳֻǲѣ׳Ǳڶǿ̫ˣˣ˵ҪվסţҪ̫Դ󡣡
ˮһֳ˵
ˮЦһ˵ԴʵԼԴЩϾҡҡͷˣûҪ˭Ҿڷԡ
ףҰ׼㣬㶼ܾ
Ը
һ׹ʲôˣһССʦȻҷĻһܷŭ˸һ
˵ˣֻ졣
ҿ˵Ұ׼Ұ׼ֻ˵һ飬Ұ׼ңѡ


1150 ҪǿΣ
ˮһһֵ˵̬꣬˵İһַԹԽһԼԽү
ˮʲôҲ˵ˣûκεĽ̸ᣬƽ͵˵ûĻǿ뿪ˣҵĻ˵ĺˣҪ˵ƹܱ˵ƹܱҲߡ
ðԼѡģڣȥ
źһ֡
ֱˮȥٶǽһ죬Ӱһ͵ˮǰԼлмƿ֮
žž
ֻȥĿ죬ĸ죬ˮֱֽ̧֣̫˴ɳȥںܲˬɱˣֻɱˣļܰԼƵ뿪ǣǿʵ
ڲԼУϾˣûˣﶼ⣬Ѿ˲˵棬һϲ侮ʯ
ͷﶼҪ꣡
ˣˮֱŰȥһ˲ɱɭȻһ˲䣬һ͵ӰбһֵסˮӰ
أ
һײˮɵ˺ǸסˮҲһʱ˽״̬г˱ŰϢ
˲ҲˣҪ˾Իǰ棬Ҫɱ㣬ǧְ취
ˮûκεĲ˵Ӱٴһ
㶯
̫
Źң
ˮӰƮȴһڶҶ˿ˮӰɫ䣺ͣͣú̸̸
ˮӰͣʱѾ˰ߣһ磬һһͷڿƮɢ
ˮʲôҲû˵˶ɫףҶɫҰף۾ôĿˮһ仰˵
ˮ߻ȥžδߣڲɱˣԺɱˣϣҪҼסǡ
ǸްԼڶž޴Ǳ׼ңպ԰׼ҵôһܴ˹һ˻Ǹˡ
ᵽ˵ʵʱԼֵֻ˵ᡭ
ⲻŸԼ𣬰ʵ֪Լܵµ˫ģڱţ۽ˮ߻ߴֻǰ˴кô
ӦôҲû뵽ɣˮҪľЧڰͰ֮ΣûǸȤھǰ鴦á
Сֵܣᡭ
εЦţץ˼ңڿĺŶԷԼץţתۼƴ䣬û뵽лǿߣ˰ɣֻǺеЩŻŲСĲࡣ
ˮ۵ˣʵԼֻǺԼٶϡϲܶ࣬ˮɱͬʵ߼ʹɱҲ֮
Ҳ˵Ҳ׼ҶôǿҲǣҲң֪ʲôйŵĲ´ЬİɣǾ仰Ҳϣ´ΣǰûʮɱҾͲҪֻ֣һ³һʹһпʹõֶɱǣˣ˸㣬һһʦ
ˮ˵гһֻʶҲǶб־ԵĶˣɫ׵ʱ
ˮĿһֱڰϣûþĿĮ˿˵ʵԡ
ˮǰһڹŹһ⣬ûеֲĵزˮУӶûࡣ
ûذɡ
ˮӻ֡
ˮĻѾˣûжֻͣ߻ͷһ£һ뿪ġ
ˮ̫Ѩһ£ǰСӣƽʱ˿Ϣһᣬǲġ
ǿĶҲ¶ĳ״С⣬ĶϲõΣʵ¶󣬹Ͼ͵ҸңȻһá
ϣˮصׯ԰ﻹǺܰˮֱӽɾ
ÿһʵҲȲӣϹǿѾԭѭ״̬ͻƣ޷ġ
תϹصĴɽһ㣬ǿƽٶȱǰ˺ܶ࣬ܿ߰پʮͣ
ԴӴﵽ۷ϹĺغٶȶڲϵĽţڵٶȺȱմﵽ۷ʱǿ
Ǿˣ۷嵽֮ıϼ̵ľһ޿ԽĴɽͱڵĴһͨǰԽ̸ס
ˮڸоеͻƵҪееڻͨﵽԽͨıϴʱӦþͻƵʱ
ЩˮоĵǣѪҺеϵԽԽ࣬һʼʱ˺ܶ࣬ɫĵӳһϸһȻϸ̺ȴǿޱȣϽѪѪҺ֮Ȼ񱩡
ѪҺеɫһһѾӺܳܳβϾҪסˡ
ˮи룬ϽѪһôӦһѭɡ
оҲӵһ˵׼иջأҲͲһˣƲöþӵһ
⼸췢ˮоҪѸٵʵپ٣Լ
ʵѭ򽥽ҲЩǿѸģֻǶȽ󣬳ɹҲСˮǷ
кС÷巢΢仯Ӷ巢ĳһʱ䣬֮Ҳ컯˾൱һ컯
ϧҪʱ̫ɹ̫ͣޱϡеıɾˮȻǲãϡȱޱȡ
һţˮϣٳɹһţȻ֪ʹĳɹʻǺܴģǰʳõļŶɹˣ뵽ЩĵҲһЩ
״̬úˮŰ£Ȼϥ·Ĵ߶Ϲһƽֵڵ
ʱһĹȥ
ͻȻˮԾѪҺƽʱ˺ܶ౶ϽѪҲתϾûγһȦһѭھһѸٵζ֮ΧѪҺ
Ȼɽջսնˮ
ˮϵĹԶתоӣȴǾȻתţеţһƺҪըһ಻ϵĶһںϡ
л֮ȻɽҲѸٵתѸתǷλõı䶯һˮҲ޷ƽ
·ʱҪըһһ˺һʹڲֱӵִ衢ֱʶιȥ
۾ˮȫʪ͸ˣⲻֻǺˮΪڵˮһѪˮ֮С


1151 ޱ䣬ǿ߲ʵϽ
㣬֪ܻţľˣоһƺѪҺеϽѪġ
һʱϽѪƺӳһ㣬βҲֻһˣϽѪҺ壬κһѪжһߣԴûгϽѪײ
еײԽԽңˮоҲԽԽ⣬ѪҺƺҲҪըȥƺѪڲϵʧȥ
ϽѪȴûܵӰ죬ڻˮİѪҺȻʧʧȥѪҺеˮһѪڣѪҺҲڽĻָֻǻָٶԶԶûʧĿ졣
ˮȫƺѾûκε֪ΨһڶľԼʶԼеͼ
һֱˮ֪Լʶеͼô£һ̱ǰƺ˺ִܶ࣬ӵĸоұǰƺ
ǾСɣ֮ǰˮ֪ǲܳסı仯Լڶеһεı仯ʵ̫ˡ
ͼûɢһˮʶһֱѣͼƺҲڷ΢ı仯
ȫ·ȫһѾôȻܵص𺦣ɫĹһʱܳܵס
ˮѾ޷Լ壬ԼʶϽѪߣоϽѪǸͻƵ㣬Ѿûбİ취ˡ
ûΣգǰʳļ̫ƽˡ
ʶϽѪߣǵβһӣƺͲôһ㣬ָоʶƵģֻþľ߶
ͼתٶԽԽ죬ҲԽֻˮʱãԼ
ûͼ޸ƽ⣬֪Լǲǻܳס
ž
ˮĴ߶߶ͼʱʶдһƣһ˲žƺ˲٣ͼַһ˿΢ı仯
ǰɫƺоСûԱ仯ֻǿӼ̣Ʊ֮ǰһֹ
ֻЩˮȵģȵʶоУҲ蹬蹬ΧǰĽɫСըˣһƬơ
ӣˮ֪ԭ򣬻ûüϸܵˮһһ𶯣ϽѪߡ
ȻϽѪѾγһȦһѭתһ˵ĸоʵı仯
ˮʱȫסˣֱӷı仯е·ƺӽƣӳʵȵǵеĺȻɽʧˣǻ֮ҲʧˣǰһźҴС߲ʵ顣
ˮʱľݣǵģΪ֮кȻɽ̫ˣûˣоġ
ʹѾ˲ˣʶ̽ǿ߲ʵĵУһ̽ȥˮкһֱ˹ȥ̫ˡ
ˮ嵹ѪУѪֻǺ٣ЩѪҺ΢΢һɫ
ˮιȥʱҲڷ΢ı仯Ѫ͹ڲϵĽ״̬ı䣬ϵ޸ţͬʱ޸Ļͼ
ʱȥˮŻһѪҲ˲ϣϵʹƺҲʧˣȻǺѾоûʲôӰ졣
ӣ
ֱӵֻʣ½𵤺ǸȽС߲ܶʵ
𵤽ӲӵģɢǿֻˮܼΪоڵʵƺǿǿ֮ǰǿ˺ܶ࣬籾оѾﵽƵʵ
仯Ӧϲģʵ֮ǰȻһڸĵǵǿ߲ʵ
һþȥܣһγֺһеˮûΣǴ߲ʵֱӴһǿޱȵɢ֫ٺ֮Уɢ֮УǿǱĺüһɹϤˮʶ
߲ʵȻѻ֮ͲɽȻںϵһ𣬲ֹˣнջ֮նˮçţȫںϵһ
ڣ
ˮڵĵǻ֮ڲڣܻڲڣնǻûгֹڲڡ
ЩϤĸоӿ뵽ˮʱѾ۳һ
Ͻ
ϽİԵҲǿϽˮƽ
Ͻӱ֮߱ģ
Ͻ߲飡
ӣˮЦˣû뵽һδ۾Ȼһʵͻƣĵǣʵǰûʧ
߲Եɻ֮ʹãҲǺȻɽҿͬʱʹãǰй֮޲
ڵı仯ֱǰʹʱֱӳΪÿУԼʱصУʵԶʮƵʵҲҪе
ˮѾ˺ܶ飬е㲻ţȷ߲ǰ󲿷ֵˮ
ʵǷˣ߲ʵϽǺûǻˮͦϲ񼼣ģ
ǰĽ֮ջ֮ģûѹģڵı仯֪ԺķչǲӰ졣
оϽУһŶصսʽĽϴûֻдķʽ
ֻýϽʱʹã
ǰʹϽҲֻ屶һʵ߱ϱһǰ˱߱һƣ߱ʮƣһʮƣȻͲɽܻçţһҪͻƵģûרŵϵ̫ȭȻҲɽͻҲ
߼еҲǣЩʵڣȴǻˣҲ˵ˣǷС
ܵ˵ˮǿˣһβ׬ˣһʵķԾ
̸Լľ˷ܵԼ徫ȫһҲƣңϽֻͨʵͬӡ
ټ޺飬ˮľʱڰʮƣ
ʶˮһƬƣ̺ľܰ磬ǰǺͼʶı仯Ӷǣž߶ϽѪߵβΪһ죬嵤ľ޴仯
ڱʵﵽƣӦƬƵģʶеľ֮ǰʮֹʹһһܰᶯһٽһܱһٽϼǧף˵˵Ĵ
ʶı仯ˮͷƺ٣ǾĺôĹԴﵽƣɽĹǴﵽһǧƣľǴﵽ˾Űʮƣǧˡ
ˮоɽǺǿԺӽ߳ɵĹʶǳʦþҲǿ˰ɣ
ο֮ɲСһʦɵȫʵǺܿµģ


1152 ͷĲ
ˮãһ޴ľϲǰѾһ޴ͻˣϽѪµı仯һٽá
һεͻƣˮֺʵµĶİһڵƣѪҺеõųѪоϽѪʽֳѪҺ
һѪۣһӸоĲڣǰûϣʵܲˣˮϴһ£ˬ·
˷ϲ¾ˬˮڸоԼϲ£ϲ£ڸоһ޴ĽΪԺƽ˵·
ȻھͼĹʦо޴Ĳ࣬ˮҲûһӾͻƵʦ磬ʵôͻͽҲʵ
һ죬ҲģһϾܣҲϹǿͻƵ˰ܳΪʦоӦܣϧͻưָоңңڡ
ˮɾвϵҪİգյ΢ľ磬Լһ˿һҪա
߾ͶԿɽʯҲҵץסһֻӶֺ
̫
ˮһֱڲͣĴ̫ȭõĴõЭȫ
ٴ̫ȭ֮ǰĸоֱϵµĲˮ̫֮ǰҪǿܶ࣬ٶȡо϶˾޴ı仯ж̫һоˮںΧط·Ϊһ塣
㶯
Ź
ˮɾİдߣˮͨ˿оҲˣֻоҲһɷǶѣֻǿ߲ܸ̲ܵصĿ֮
һѾˮˣʣµһûдã˵ʧܣɹҲϷãÿͻƺ󶼻һʱġڡʱΪֹͣ
رͻƺʵԽǿ󣬡ڡʱԽСͻƵĻûʲôˣʱСͻƻͻҲǺġ
ʣµһպãɾгĳҲܿģԼܡԶԼܣȻ޷˽ˮͲκ֪ɾĴڡ
ֻɾɾǰƺһ㣬ҲΪҩݵԽԽԭɣҩձݵӣɢҲԽԽǿ
һʵıüֻǺóˣȻҲǾԵģ޵׻Ǻõġ
ʱˮľĹˮǿľľĹ
ͻˣˮ˷ܵٴֱ֣ӽӡԶһɫ٣߿գһ˲ɢ൱ֲÿһֱ֦ۻ֣Ϲļ̣ļÿһаңһ۾ĵ׷
ֱǿˣˮŴ٣ҪԷǧףͬʵ߱ٲϣҲ
Ҳˮķǿƻɱġ
ģ𽣻㲻ˮȻеΪоɽͳϫӡԼԭˮоǶôǿ
ˮݻϰʱ䶼õľϣľ¾죬Ŀǰ״̬Ҳ൱ˡ
ӡڻһӡǰǿ̫ˣһʵӡҲӿˡ
ٴʩչˮſ緭ӡһľ޴̨ɫɢǿҵѹ֮һοʵʣҲ
ˮʵЩҵĹѾû̫ĸоˣϾɽѾǿˣɽܹأҲǿ
ˮһֱ̨֣ӵˮУ޴̨ˮУأӡһһЩ
٣ӳٷӦ
һӡ⹦ԺˮѶȵǲСԿϾ⹦Ҳ
ˮ˵һӡļٻǱȽʵõģĹ;ɽ˺ܶࡣ

ڶ죬ˮĺ磬ˬˣ߳оݵձǰˣţŻȥ
ʵ˵ľ񶼷˾޴ı仯Ҳøӡˣˮʶܶ˻ܸܵˮĲ
ָоҲ˵һֱʱֱ׼ȷģ
ߵ̵ʱѾˣͷӪҵˣˮģͷסﵹҲ㡣
ǿҲֻЩ¼סƷʲôģĶˮ˵治ʲôֻˮѡ
Ǹ״СʱԼʵ͸¶ԼĶѾʮ죬Ǹ״СѾȥ˰ɡ
ˣ
ˮˣͷЦŴк
죬ûˣȥǱ˵˵ɣ
ˮЦ˵ţͷ̵һС
úã
ͷĵ˵
ϣҿ졢ַ֪ΪʲôʲôƷʲ𣿡
ˮЦſͷЦ
֪ΪûΪͿһˣʱ򻹳ɣˣˣοûΪҲ򲻳ƷʵĶ
ͷҡҡͷЦ
ԣҿҲһС
ǰʱǿģʲôҲᣬĸ磬ǼҾʣҺˡ
˵ͷƺ˲١
ˮͷɬεѾƣͷκͿ࣬棬ΪҲҪһУ˹¶һϣ
½̫ˣٿҲܣȴܲ˹¶ͷڣʲôҲܳܣûˣϾ͵ˡ
ϣ鲻һ似ΪĶģһһЩĶ
ˮЦſ
ͷ۾Ŵģ˲ʪ촽ڶ£ЩȻ֪ˮʲôˣʵһֱûиҺˮ˵ѧͽ
汲ոˣˮ۽ǣôˣʵѧһǰ㣬ҼʹҲˡ
ʯͷ
ͷӺ΢Ц˵ԺҪЩͷ
ĸѾСˣͷĻæ£Ŀͷ֪Ҳͽܣһ㵱ʦһ𾴡
Ŀ֤ϣ
ˮЦԼˣǾ֮Ե֡
ˮͷΪˣˮоĺӣĵ壬Լļˡ
ˮóֽʣֽˢˢд֣Ȼ󹴻һЩͼͶע˵
ʯͷÿϾͰɷӣҪ¿࣡
ˮЦ˵
Ҳ³Կ࣬ʵÿ϶жֻûȷһЩǳķڵҲеС
ʯͷӹֽСĵ˵
ҿˣҲãԺû¾Ժڶвңҿȷĸ㣬ϲܳΪ޵еǿߣֻڶ·ߵԶһ㣬ֻϵʵһЩΡ


1153 ڳǰ׼ңĪ
죿˵쾳磿
ʯͷȵĿˮǼ
ǲǶ쾳粻⣿
ˮ΢Ц˵
ζûܵ죬ǲš
ʯͷæ˵
ţݣ㣬˿ڸ࣬ڶôĳǳУͨ˻ģɻһ־Եĸ߶ȡ
½˿ڶ࣬ʸߣҲãһ׳ƽʱڼӶٽصĶǿԵģҲͨ˵ļˡ
ͷʱ԰ᶯ˰ٽĶֻˣǰһֹܶȶǺܴѾͷԶˡ
úһǿԸ㱣֤ġ
ˮЦʯͷļ
ͷӶ֪ôлˣҵĶˡ
ϣԵô⣬ҾʶҸо׽
ˮЦЦԮ練ƣͿ԰ͷıˣοĸоܺá
ϣˣһЩʯͷٷðɣɷɷ塣
ˮݸͷһƿһŻԪ

ôǶҩ
ˮЦЦ
ǸҶҩҲ£ǲ̫ˡ
ͷ˵
Ȼϣͳ°ɡչʯͷɡ
ˮѻԪͷС

һʱˮ£Ķڵͼ߱ȽʵãĻ治࣬Ҳԭֲû̵ǰѸٵĴš
Զĵط֪һ˧ʦıۣҥһ㶼ԭĻϿʵ
⻹㣬Ǵ״С˺ܶĶʦȥ׼ҵԷܾˣǶ
һ¸ʦǿʢһʱ䱻ϵ½еĴڣҲԭ򣬻ԽԽ࣬󲿷ֶˮ˵ġ
࣬ÿ춼ʲôҲܣϾ˶ˣȱǮҲǺܶˡ
ȻҲвٵļˮǱܾҲûе£Ͼ˵״С붼û뵽Ҳֻ˵˵ԵҲ׽

ͷǧˮﻹЩʲôģмʮһЩʱҪϲ٣ı仯ͷ˷ޱȣʱһˡ
ʯͷҲ˻ԪѾʼϰǧֶҪ۸ģˮֻǰһٴҪֻҪһٴɾͻвСջƳĴһиʵķԾ
ˮıǵĴҲرĸı䣬һˣǧǮǰȻҸһӸⲻڰǺ
ҪһڿڳԣҲҪһһµڣ
ˮûдȫıͷǲʺվڷ˿ڣʯͷҲǶôĺã߶̲ߵ̫Զ֮ǰҲƽˡ
ˮ̺Ȳ裬ڻвȴǴܶƿ֮ڵʶһӾܸܵЩϢ߳ġ
̵ţʱ뿪Ȼ˺Ҫǡ
ĺڸԶڵһæȥˮʾͷһȥ
ˮҡͷߣ֣һİĵطǺѵģرڴͷ֮һкܶ˿ߣܶ˺Լǡ
ˮ̧֮߳ͷУҪ˭ôԼоֻֿܣһǰ׼ңЩ̱ʵǿܺǸ״Сйϵ
ˮֱУʮˣˣҲˣʱҲһ۾סˮ
Ϊ׵ˣ°ӣվﵹҲЩƣˮûһϤס
˭ΪʲôҪ˵Ҫ̣
ˮƽĿŶˣƽϾ̾û˽һҲףĶҲˣ㶼Ҳûʲôо
ˣ˭֪㲻ΪЧϣ֡
мһӰͦΣֻӰһΪһˡ
Ǹˣѵ⣿
ˮЦſǡ
ˣ̫֪ˣΪƾǼƷ¼׾ΪԼһʦ𣿡
˲ûзŭ˵Ҳº͡
ǼȻˣΪʲôҪұƳأ
˶ϲ㡣
˻º͵˵
ˮһ㶣ɺǿˣ˵ǲϲ˭˭͵뿪
û˵ǿˮˣǰ˵ģ㿴ΣֲľͿŵģ˵㲻ǹʦߣǸʦҲš
ˮû˵Ϊ˵⻰ʵֱļԲСһͼʦﻹûʸţοԼʵͼʦ𶼻١
˼ң֪֪һ仰
ʲô
˻ƽĿˮ
Ī
ˮˣ˵Ļûһ
һͼʦվǰƶ˿ֻţˮȴɫ΢䣬˫Ķˮ·Ҫһ
ڱɱ𣿡
˶ˮɭ˵
˭ֻҪҶֻ֣Ҫɱңһһˣ˵˵󻰣ֻ˵һ㱳ͲҪȻҲ㣬㱳Ҳ
ˮɷƵ˵϶ŵЦݡ
ˮ֪ʵıȽ϶࣬˵Ҳûдƾһ仰ͽԷסϾԷһɱԼ
Ϊݻסǣ㲻ĿЦ𣿡
˵ɫٴλָ
ǽҪˣ֪ûе˵˭ʵ˵Ҳܲó
ˮ΢Ц˵
ΪѾˣ
ǰ׼ҵˣ׳ڳǰ׼ҵˣ
Ҳи׼Ҷڳǰ׼ҵģҲϵļǿ֮һ

һİ׼ңͰڵİ׼ֻǰ׼ҵһ֧ڳǵİ׼ʮǧЩ˾ڳǰ׼ҵˡ
ĳǺܶ࣬ǳطڳǺǣڳԻС٣Уǿʵһ㶼ڳǡ
ȻҲǾԵģҲвǿʵǣֻڳǸУ
ڳ֮ǿΪгҵĴڣǸлҵĴڣһʵĶȥڳǡ
Ҳһ⣬ﲻڳǣҶʸסڳǣһʥĵطҲһݲСҫǺܾǰģյҫʵѾ˴ˡ
ڳǰ׼ҵˣҰ׼ңһʹ̿а׼տ㡣
˿ˮȴҲѸٵת
׼ˣðҲи׼ǰҪҵ̣û뵽ڳһ׼ҵ̣ɡ
ˮǺЦ˵


1154 龪һˮһͷ
ˮǺܴ󣬵ȴǿΧԼ˶׼ҵĵҲ֪ˣҲ׼ڳĺǿоеŰ裬ֻǲ֪׼ҵĺԱ֪֪
ˮĻüͷһ壬û˵ʲôǿˮú󻺻˵Ѿð׼²̨ˣˣϣܺˣ˵ЩΪ㲻˽׼ңƾ㣬ⱲǶ˰׼ҵһëġ
ˮĺƣ塢ֵǧ𰡣ȨˮϤһģʹǴģҲҪס
֪һϣһ˶أ
ˮܼûãҪһ£ҲҪΧ˿ʲô
㲻üңûãģһ˶ԸѾ㹻ˡ
º͵Цš
壬ɣ
ʱһ˳ͬͦΣһѽֳʵֲʵƺȳʵĸв
죬ʵǿһ㣬ڰ׼ҲˣҪˣ˲ô򵥡
üˡ
壬֪߲ηսһĶԴֵġ
˲ЦֻһƬִš
ȥɣСĵ㣡
˰ڰ֡
оʩһתˮƮһϸ磬ָܱе͸ϸ׺ӡ
ҪСˣۣϣˣ
ˮȭ˵
ҲҪСˣְɣ
ˮЦųǽ̤ǲֱӳ˹ȥ
ŹʵԲ𿪣һԪǲвǲԲŹÿһֶֻľŹŻԳһƬأŹ֮ڣ
ĿǰҲΨˮ˾Źľ磬ֻǾŹľ粻Ǻܸߣ൱ĿµģŮ˵ľ綼ܵͣһʱ̣ˮɾˮصԭ
̤ǣϣˮܵ˵ʵԼӦҪ߳һңͨϢԸܵԷȫʵǧơ
ˮʵʩչ۷һǧƣûʲôģоԸˡ
̽
ˮһ̳ʹõǽ޶õĽУǷ⾳ϣҪٶ޿ƥС
һʵ̫ˣ˶۾һе˱Ƶһ֮˲ľȡ
ǲѰ·һнԲʮأʮĥһ
һ̾
ʮһŶӦ츳˰ɣ
һߵһ˵
ʮ꣬һ˵أ츳ˣǲ˵ˣ㿴Ǿ綼Ѿﵽ뻯ˣƾһо֪Ǹдˣǲܿѻʩչ̶ֳҲǴ۽ˡ
׾캹˹Źֵ˵
ˮһð׾һæ㿪ˮƲˣŲ棬еıǽ㡢̡в׾ʺ
ֳ˶ǰĿų棬ľǰ׾죬һʧȻȻƵ㱻һʱȻǿԱ
׾뵽˵Ļû뵽ˮĲôаܸܵˮóʵѵ汻ʵԼóǿʵ

׾Удһ͵Ϣžһ͵Ϣӣһֻ޴İӰ֣һð׾ٶȿ˺ܶ࣬㿪ˮһֱĳ
Ӱ
׾ϱŷֵĽһӣˮӣеϸˮȻǿǾСɣҲӴɱϸ
ݡ
һɫһˮȥµĲҲǹ̤׾˫гһ죬һһסˮ
ˮЦˣ׾ߵٶȺͿ콣еĺڻɫĽµӰӣԼֻһʵģġ
ͨ

Σ
ˮ۾ͻȻԿ͸һαǰֻһһƮЩӰشܶ
ˮбǽҵĽģ̧ͷĽ۹峺ķ·ϪȪ
̤Źеıǽͻ
̽
ֻھ뻹ǻһЩ룬ǽֱһɫĹ⽣
𽣣
еĽ𽣣Ĺ
ˮ콣ֱѸٵĳ⻨Ȼ׾ѸٵĸıĹ켣ɱֱûֱӶ֣п֮һͷҲˡ
Ľֱʧˮû׷ڲԶˮʤžŹѶԷȫˡ
׾վѪˮһ仰Ҳ˵ʵ̫ˣӰԽ졢ٶȿԺһʵ˺ܶˣڶϿԼҲԼ졭
㲻ɥǿֻҶıȽմ⣬ȫ㡣
ˮŰ׾쵭˵
ˣ˾ǰˣҲ㡭
׾촹ͷɥߣѪӿʱң߲Ȼζ
׼ǱѸٸˣֹѪ˿ڡ
壬Ҹ㶪ˣ
׾԰ⲻֻʧѪ࣬Ǳ飬ңҲɫ
㲻ǸҶˣԺ·ֻܳ壬Ϊ죬ǿ̫ˣһҪǿģ۷ʲô鶼ҪԣһʲôǸǿ߲ǴӴĥ߳ģûһǿģߵ·߲˶೤ģһˣǾֻͣΡ
ɫɻƽûһı䣬ش˵С
ˮ˵Ļ⣬ʵÿ߶֪̫ˣ첻ͬܶ⻰ʱƽʱľԲһΪĳܴӡˡ
׾ģ˫ȭţõ˿ٴαѣɫᣬƺǰסˡ

ú󣬰׾쳤ĳһ΢Ц˵л壡
ˣ뿪ÿ߶ҪĿȥˣԺ󽫻ߵøԶ
˿ĵЦ
ˮڻǰսоڵʵӦܺͳʦһսʤ㻹С
׾죬ֻܹùԼûܣ湻ģֻˮ֪ͨͲ棬°빦
ô߳ӰҲǿǸ˵Ļ˹ؼá
ˣͷҲãĽҲã࣬һǸᣬǸˣӦò۹⿴Ұɣǿʳ棡
˿ˮ˵һˮ벻Ļ뵽֮ǰˮ˵Ļоһͷܿµ˲ࡣ
ˮЦˣҲãԼڲʺս˵ĻϣҲûͰ׼ʲôϵֻҪԼУԼʵǿ˾͸νˡ


1155 ݣѣϽ֮
׼ҵˣȻܶ˾ȣ˱ʾźΪǶ뿴ˮ˵սߺ˵ս뿴˵ضô
ˮкһͷֱӻص˻̣龪һΪԼᱻƵ뿪ġ
ʵһξ׵Ĵ˰׾죬Էʵһ룬ЦԼʵûȫʩչѾʤˣʹõǻ
ͷˮоҪӿٶˣԼʱ䲻̫ǳ
ʯͷڴϽĺܿ죬֪Ҳһ㣬ܽôһźģ˵ǡ֮ġˮصûжãһӰһˮ۾Ϳ˹ȥΪо˵ϢǿӦǾͼĹʦֻһ֮ң
Ǹˣǹŵ΢Цˮһ֪һ״СһҵģΪ̫ˣΪ
ˮоԼֱˣǿߣֻҪ֮ڶһУ˵ʦԪǳãԪжҲ֪
Ѿ˺üԼˣǿҲǶôЩĴкѪ㣬Ҳ֪ԭˡ
ҵǲܺͨ˳ɻģʹɻҲ檣ҾӣΪѪòȻҲǾԡ
ڴŮ֮䰮ûйϵѪʹвҪģ˵ҵĻ㣬һǲܳģԵҲܽԴϲ
Ѫк͹Уֻб֤ѪʩչĹУú붼֮ӣõ߶ԶǵͺԼˣҲΪʲôǿļǧ֮á
ĴҲÿһӶǾ֣Щü޵ˣҪ˵Ժͻһ˳Ϊǿֻ߲һƾܳɹģۺԭ
ˮվԼˣܿˣֻˮ䣬Ǹ󶼿

΢ЦŹֺˮк
ʶңǸôƺ
ˮֻǲ²׼йϵûҲȷʱɵҲֳĺġ
ŶҵҽˣҽݣãӦûǵɣ
æˮ˵
ˮһ㶣׼ҵˣ֪ôˣ½ǵôǿˣ֪ѾЩ˽Ӵˡ
ӦòΪģԼĶɣ
ã״Ӱʧʧ
ˮǺǵЦ
ÿһ͸о׽ݾͿˡ
æ˵
ˮ˵һ飬޹ڷǼ鼴һ뵽״СʱѾ˵ˣֻЦˮɣ
˵ֶһǿĶʦԾ̲סˣ
ݺǺǵЦ˵
֣㲻ǹô򵥰ɣ
ˮЦ˵ڲ׼ҳϹϵݳϵܸоȺ褳Ϲϵã˿ڱ˵С
ˮֵܣҾʵʵ˵رƳ㣬ҴûôƳһˣżȻõһѶϿ˺ܶʦ¶죬Ҳܽһ˵㣬ڿƲ˾ˡ
еεЦ˵
֣Ϊǿ׽أԭǺҵĶ׽
ˮǺЦ
ˮϵܣ˵ʲôǽƱ磬һҪ˵Ǿ仰ģӦܸܵҵԸʵҸоǻеģܳΪܺõѵġ
ûЦ˵
֣ҵĶôȸǰ˵һ£Ҳָܱ֤¶죬㲻Ҫ̫ϣ
ˮҡҡͷ˵
֪Ҿֵܿûʲô
ЦŵͷȻóһѶΪصĳ
ѶϽһóˮ͸ܵһǿʥĸо⽣ؼĳ߳ƿһ˿İ׹һле㰲ꡣ
ϧ⽣ϵҲƣǶϵһ⣬ҲǴмϣǴӽǰһߵĵطϵģʣµذ׶е̡
ˮϳ̧ͷѽҲʯģһֱʯ
ǵģѾøҵģҲһֱѰܰˡ΢Ц˵
֣ҵ԰ﵽ㣬ĺܱǸԺɣҲԺҵĶ˾ܰﵽˡˮҡͷЦ˵
еʧЦ˵Ҳ⣬ǰҲ˵ˣҪұ̫ϣû£Ȱɣҵֵܰ޸ʱ򡣡
ˮݵɫһϸ΢ı仯ʶ⣬ܸоĿĲ
˵ǸϵˣֵýύûԺյҲֵýύˮĸо˽оҪȺ֣˵ģʵе˵ǿͬһˡ
ҪҸ԰ɣûаաˮ˵
ģݾϲ˵
ԣǾ仰ҪϣˮЦҡҡͷ
úãȻƽе㼤
ˮŶϽҪߣݸϽóһʯͷݸˮʯ˵һĳɹʡ
ϴΣҲ褵ʱˮûʮİնѽаյģֻǰ񿴿ݵǸʲôˣһģαװûõġ
ˮӹЦ˵ҾŰ㽫ɣ

ʵһ۶һǲڽǿҲһ壬ǲܡͨġ
ˮϹŶ֮ȴżգǿǿġ
ΪҪʱ䳤ˮá
ݷҪˮȥԷˮҲûƴǣٷǿԳԵģһٷ˵Ĺϵ˲١
ϵܣ׼һ˵һ£Ժ󲻻鷳
ݺˮ˵
Ǿллϸˡ
ǻʲô
ϣˮɾʼѽʵܺʯĳֻҪɹҲǺѣƷȴǺȥΪǵʵԭ
ʦǿʦҩʦʦһģѡҪһǿߣԼı֮
ӶϽѶȣҪϺüˮϹŶ֮ɸ¶һҲӦӵģΪǻǲܵġ
Ӿ𣬷ţϽעϽϽˮģ°ɫĹΡ
֮
ˮûùϽУϹϹŶ֮ǧʱ߲ʵУֻҪʹþͻ֡
޸Ͻġģ
ϽӣʦܣνҲһ壬ΪߵĽǲͨ˳ĹС
ˮ֮ÿǸϽġͨ˳


1156 ƱҽŮ
ˮԼͲ֢ͨҩֻ˸о棬ַӦʱ޷͡
һ°ɫĹ֣ǿңº͵ĸоˮ̲סͨȥҪôϲĳʲô
Ʊҽ
ֺù֣ˮ̲ס¿
һѿҽλָĽ˵һǿҽʦǰһѽʯһĻָǿҽʦж꣬һƱҽ
ʹʵľɵļùļɣʹô˽˺ϻָһ룬ִѣȻָƣʱʮʱڳʱУƻָֻеһλ˲ָƵһ롣
ˮЦˣ⽣ʵûԼıǽǿ󣬺Լǰ񽣲ֻ࣬Ʊҽһɵıҽ
˵˲˺Զָһ룬ȻлָʱʮʱȻûʱƣҲһֻʹһΡ
һˣƻϻָһ룬Ȼڼָڽʮʱ֮ڣٱ˾ֻĻָˣٴܵ˲ָһˡ
ѽ˵ˣˮҲʶߵѾǺǿˣݵʱ̫ˡ
ˮЦˣԼĶ￴ǿԺܳģţĲϸӺãҲԼĶʵһ̨ء
ʵˮоڵĶ֮ҲЩӰ춼ǺˣչǺܿġ
ͻƵƺеѶȣѾﵽ˶ˣʱпͻƣҲпԶͻơ
Ʊҽ֪ǲ⣬ѽˮоԼûã˵ҽιܵĻǿУʵҲͨҲݵٸ߼ĲûУϧ٣Ǵ˵Ļִڻ϶ǿĹʦС
ˮıǽıѾǿµĴˣͼʦ󲿷ֶıˮá
ˮоԼʦݲţţݻκεطһǿĶʦҩʦʲôĶǷǳġ
ˮһЩ׭ûϣ׼ڵȵȣȵԼʵٴһЩʱҲʱѧѧ̷
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ˮûΪԼʶôãоԼҶõģ˵ͺͼŮˣ˵ģõϹŴУɾһڷܻģȻкܴĻԵڡ

ڶˮɳȻȥ̣ţݵˮҲиʶ̫ˣҲڹˣÿǳؾ൱һÿ궼ҪŴϽɵ˰գںͱսʱҪӷԸҪʱҿֱӷϳְλһ١
׳Ǵ֮һһްˣ˵ǸˣֻǶڴ
ˮ̵߽ʱѾвˣͷһкˣˮк
ˮԼ̨ûüʲôϤĸоЦŷеĴӿſڡ
̨诺˽
Ҿ˵ôи̡
Ц˵Ͼݵʱ֪ļҾǻ̡
ǵϢͨ
ˮЦкŮԱߵȥӵλƤƧĵطûбʲôģһ߲Ȼ󣬵Ҳֻ˵ģοˮڵĶҲ࣬ǿͨõľƷˡ
СӲ˵Ҳǿˮһ죬ѩ׵Ĳ豭һС̳÷ƳϣȻǴɾóġ
ˮԼĶЦˣΪ뵽ǰħµľǣŽȥûˣȻյܵڸоԼħûκ
ˮĶû֣ΪпռʵҲܻûˮô
÷̳һ򿪣ͷľֱӣ̶ǲɵʵôô㣬ǰЩƺˡ
ƵѾǧˣŲţ
ˮЦŰǶϡ
ţ
̨诿ˮ˵
ˮһ㵣ʵ˵ʵֻÿЦĳɷ˵ģоŮһ˵ţȴû뵽̨读ֱš
㣬ֻɾƲеζһŶоඥ
ǰҪܺһڣ

̴һЩĽ
˵þҲһ̳÷ƵľֱӴƮӴǧ֮Զ˿ţþƴﵽǧݾֹЧοǧ÷֣ƳľĹЧ
ûжãܶ˶̣ڿʲôʵžģ̲ǵһκˣǾȵĿָоҺȻû˺ȹҺֻˡ
̨诸Ǵ˺ܾãˮ֣۳ֻϲԼʱ÷ƺڵҪ٣ֻϾûñȡ
뵽۳ҡҡͷ׿ͷ̨΢ЦţһĺţƷһˮֱһڹ£㣬ޱȡ
ⶫкܴĺǫ̣̂СȣҸϡ
ˮЦ˵
ˮ㿴ܶˣǲ
̰ѱӵݹЦ
̾Ǹ裬ҲΪ⼸Ǯ
ˮҡҡͷһ̵߰ϣһ˵š
Ϊҵ۳ðɣ
һ뵽ˡ
Ҳȫǣڵ㣡
ˮЦЦ
㣬ʲô㣿
̨诺ã
ˣ
ˮ˵պ˽һһ˵ţϵܣʲôƣô㡣
ţ̨ӣ
ݿ̨课ȵ˵
ԭ׹ӣ
̨ЦŴк
ˮû˵̨诿׳ǻеģ֪ĹҲһЩԺ֮ˣȻڵʵûǿǱ޴ݺͱʵӴɽʵɲ׼ܱȵģɽڴĵλܳȻ˳Ϊʥء
ʱûǫ̂诵ʵӲ٣ҲǣˮʶǿܵӦǷһЩҩʲôġ
ˮҲҩϵ˵εģֻеҲϣеݲʹõĵҩ٣Ҳʹùˡ
ɲһŸ׶ζʺϵĵҩЩĹѸٵʵ
̨Ҳܾȣû뵽ˮôȻѾ׼Ҵӳֵܣż졣
ˮóһӣϵݸϸ磬ԼƵľƣоС
ֹУֻƾζѾˡ
ͬҲǾȣֻǾˮľƣǾˮ̨诵Ĺϵ̨֪СûкκһȾƵľ
һͬѷɫ̨诵ŮӣּŮ˿ѷɫԼõĴڣһʱ俴ˮоӵİ


1157 ֣֮ˣһ
ټһλãԵһţҶպãݶƱһڡ
ϵܣҺȹúȵľƣ˵ҲģƵıǼƷԸ׶εӦöо޴ĺô
˵ֺһڣ־ƿġ
ǿǸ׼Ҵү
ǰǰ׼ҴС
ûпǰǸ׼ҴүǸŮӺܹŮʲôˡ
ǰƺԷ̨ӣֻʥص˲ܳΪӣһ൱ģ׳ǵʥӦֻϺɽˣ

ˮɫû˵Ϊûκ壬ӴһЩˣ׼ҵˡ
ΪʵҪһƽ̨ƽ̨׼ҲܸҲҪ׼ңоܲҲǲġ
ܿһ̳÷ƾͱ˺ȸˣһδĸоʹˮóһ̳ҲٺȣΪ־ţ˷ѡ
ҶһϣѽӺˣϸ磬⡣
ˮЦóƱҽݸݡ
˿ѽǱϢһ£ˮ֪Ǳǹ͵Ⱦǹ˵Ϣ
ƱҽԪ뽣УȻȵĿˮϵܣİҽӺˣѽ˺öʦ޲ߣõ۹⻹ôãѽ̫ˣȻÿһҲܶ
Ҳãͺã
ˮЦ˵һ䣬Ȼѽ˵һ£ǿʦе
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ϵܣм飬ҾͲˣл
վЦ˵
ϸ磬ֵܾ֮ͣͲҪһס
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ǸãϸͲˡ
˵ŻӻֺŮк뿪ˡ
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Ц˵
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һˣαӣںе㲻ڣһֱϵͨ
ߣ˳ͷкű֣̾Уλ˵㲻еСˮоԼ˵Сν
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ˮ߳źŮ˵
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ŶǲʲôģĪġ
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ϹʲôиԸʯ˵Ըɹļʺܴ󡣡
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գˮһס̨诵֣ȻҲֻ̣ƴĸоеƮƮȻ
Ůˣˮųֻ̊诵һֱ΢ĶԼȥĸо
ʵҲΣǵڶΣǰͱ˱ԽԽǸоֵֹģԸˣ֪ʲôо˵ᣬҲ˵ϲ
ӲҪ˵ʲôϵˣǸѰɣţǸѣ
У
һεľֻǰͣˮ棺̨С㣬㿴ûС
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ŶҾǸоͦġ
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ˮӣǰǾ仰Ҳ湻åģֻǸо̨诶̺ܺãԾǱʶͺŮ׽һ㣬ϡͿľ˵ˣǱʶƺ̨诵̡
ǹŹֵĿˮһۣˮе㲻ڡ
ָ̨ŵĽֵӿпȥڸܴһƬҲһֱֵ֣ûд󳵾ֻݻСмɳۣߺܴˣģò
ȥȻ۾֣ܿʵϻǰ֮ľ룬Ӹ߿ջ£бֱӾ͵ֵ̨
Ŀֵһ޴̨÷ݽĵطȻ⽵䣬ҡ
ţʱĿ·ߵ̯λˮǲǴҲԵ㱦
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ţˮ߿ֻͻȻһӶϣԭŮͣƺҪʲôˮҲûп·ֱӶȥ
һ̨诣ˮǸΣŮ·Ȼеɣ̵ͦβ·סһ㣬ˮײĸ̺ܵͦͷ飬̨һͷĿˮ
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ˮޱȣΪǰһ˲ԼзӦˣ̨֪һоˣӲײоǺԵġ
ˮԼƽ
̨ڸоͲҲˮе֪ӦĲǹģ͹ⲻûйϵ
ٴοˮһۣЦЦ̨诣߰ɣΧ˶ء
ˮһβŮߣһߵĺߣǰҪײҲãƫƫײ̨诡
ţˮͻȻһͷһƫƧĵطڵ̯ů˸оرİꡣ
ڣ΢΢۾ƺ˯һȺͣϵκһ·չģˮȵġ
ÿε緢εվ۷壬ԼĲ⣬ԼĵǺͷ£ǰˮļ֮ˡ
ֻƾһˮ֪˾Բ򵥡
˵̯λǰûһˣˮס̨̽ȥ
ôˮ
ɻ˵
һȥ̯λ
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˽ǰˮŷľżģˮ̯λǰЩƾƵľż滹кܶ಻ľʵģЩľż̸Ͼ£ڴ϶û˻ġ
ʱ˫ۣһ˫Ͱӣڵס˵İ֮һ̵ĸоͷ·κվǰûһʣһĸоһĴݡ
˾ͻһʲô¶ûˣ˿ˮ۾ҲһȻٿŮ
ˣܹ󣬵һ㲻ҪĿƣеģƲûУס


1158 ˣඥԸŮ
ͻȻ˵ر˵ĻˮһĿˣǲǸˣǲѾҪˣΪоЩá
ǰԼѾ뵽ԺҪôԼ뷨Ͽɵĸо΢Цſˣ˼ôƺ
ڼΪˣֻǱ˶˵ǷӣСֵ˵ǲǷӡ
ƺرĵ˵
˵ǷӣҲǷӣͨ޷ǸˣȻκ񲻶ǸˣҸо˼ˡ
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ţ˵ͦͷӵθڣðɣҾͽѣ֪СֵԸԸ⡣
˿Ц
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Ժϸɣ̫ˣ֮
Цſˮ
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ˮоеĵϾʶҪֵܣһ⣬ֻƺоȤƺҲġ
źãͷӽˣϸûʲôģԵɣ
˵ʳָˮͷ
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˾ȻΪԼඥ
ˮϵڱĸоǲ
䣡
з·һ¯һ£˵ǹֱӴֱﵤȴǱľɽס
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ˮһ£Ͼϲޱȣɽˡ
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ֹˣʶеƬҲ˱仯ƵƬ״һ̺ľҲӻһִı仯ûٴʵӡ
ѾջֿˮǺЦϵܲŮԺġ
˵ҲŮɫŹֻ֣ͬʱյŮϣһˮǴ鶯ϢеԪʲôľͣ˹ඥȥľǣȼĻܣӶǸǱܿ
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Ůʶǲ˵һεĹඥˮõĺôڵ̨诣ʵİ£̾Ȼﵽ˰ƣɼඥǿ
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ŮŮͼϵŮӣر̣˵µģѾѯˮǲģ᲻ڶʵʧֻûʧˮ˽⡣
˵ŮˮԼоһΣһιඥֱԼľɽƱһƣʵ˰ƣܵ˲ƣþɽٶơ
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ˮŮʵǽһֲˮоʺʵԭһιඥ̵ʵֲֲ̣һɳ죬ȻҲѯˮһǲġ
ĻԵ˼Ըʯȥ·ˮʵһֱһ⣬Ůʵʮ֮࣬ԼƺеǲǱʾԼʡʲŮԶŮ
ֻǺܿͷˣоԼʣԼǾΪʲôԼʵô١
̵ʵģҲģ̨٣Ҫ̲˺ܶ࣬Լֱ̨诲˲١
ţඥ൱ֱӹʵˣ˹ʵҲǰƶʵ
ˮ²š
ඥǱܣ̵ʵ֮壬Ǳܴһܶ࣬и޶ȣܹඥ˼ʵǱܡ
ôһ˵ˮ֪Լʡ츳ԭ򣬶Լʵǿԭ򣬱ϾʮӵƣٶӵİƣһǧӵһǧİٶƸоǲһġ
˵ˮӵֻ࣬˵ٵ̷һ
ͨЩˮҲˣܿԸʯͳǰ࣬һ޴ˮأˮмɽͨˮмҲʯסʯʲôġмһ޴ʯ
ˮ㿴ǾԸŮ񣡡
ָָмʯ˵
Χܶվʯ۾촽΢ƺ˵ʲôȻеֻǱ۾˫ƺʮ
ˮߣҲȥǱԸɣģ
ˮһֻ̨Ůȥ
ˮԼŮˣжһСŮ˸оڸ޶ˣһ㡣
ȻˣɴԸɣԸǺõģֻԸʵ˻оޱҸԼҵ۳ȫһ𣬱ҵǸˣҵˮ׵ǸŮˡ
ЩԸˮ̣̣ԸɲԶ飿


1159 ԸŮŮͼ
ˮӣ̨诺̶һеЦûʲô涨ֻһ㶼һҪԸԸǲԸˡ
ԸҪһųģоԼ𣿡
̨Цſˮ
ˮһ㶣ǰԼʵûаԸһ£˵ͲôϣϻʲôԸء
ˣһǲԸˡ
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ˣˮһòãѵ㲻۳𣿡
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ˮŬԼŮʯԼԸ
Ը֮ˮۣպú۾ϣͻȻһĸо𣬽ˮʶһģ
ˮһƬޱ޼ʵĲԭϣĿзǿݣǿޣһɽС
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ˮһЩ֣ձޡ𾦻ֵڶ֮֮ѪʷмأҲǷֺ֣ܶǷŵȣûצӵצġצġצġд˵еľצ
һÿжиԵɫ
ǸǿǿѪͳÿ඼иԵĻߣӵ߹ѪˮվﲢûпֻֻǾޱȡ
ܶ඼ԶžޡԶޣеɱڱӡ
ţгߣЩٶڹʦںսн󣬸ɱﵲ޺ƿյļХϡ

ͻȻһ޴ĺ˵Ѿˮʵˮ̧ͷһǻһ𺳡
һ޴ޣβǧףͷǣԴЩ񣬵ˮԿ϶һɫצǵصѹһڵĳˮ𺳡
ˮоԼѹ֮¾Ȼһܶ˶ĤݣҲǰֻڻмޣֻޣеߡ

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֮ЩǿֱֿӻΪҽ
ǳһ𺳣ʶУˮϵģɱжǿ֪ڲ֪ˮ±ˮϵģǰˮǾµĵ£µ͵һ̶Ⱥͻһģһԡٻ١һС
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ˮܺãȴǿԿ϶һŮˣΪµΣŶһա
ͻȻˮӰһʧȻŮںҡҡͷˮоԼƺе仯ֻǹ˲ϸܣŮ̵ĵ
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ˮҲȫȷʯǲŮͼĻҲֻǲ²⡣
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һ־ؼһ־ŵؼ˺٣˵ɹʺСҶͬ߱ԼʵǿûЧ
겢ûôǿ˵һͼʵʲô˼սҲһǿԶԸκμģֻǳɹʲٷ֮һ
ԺţƵľؼˮӲΪʲôսõģֻвʺϣûõģʱ֣ûϧ϶ûù
֮һֱΪԻһˮȥĶɡ
ǰоӦŮͼΪΪǵģ볢ǲǿ԰Ůͼȡֲûٻ
꣡
ˮֻˮԼܿɫϢֱӽ˫ۡ
ƽ
ûзӦʧˣ
ˮûгԾ֪гɹʵʧܵļʻǺܴģ˵ʯȡŮͼܲܳɹδ֪ء
ꡭ
ʧܡ
ˮһδεĳԣһδεʧܣ֪ɹϣã͵ϰˣȡãֻܾİ취ˡ
ꡭ
ʧܣˮѾľˣֻǻеʹ꣬ܶ˶ע⵽ߣϾһŮվ벻Ŀѡ
ۣ
һ΢ʶһĸоˮٴοʯ񣬷Ȼûָо
ɹˣ


1160 ʮŮͼҵһ
ˮģ˫ۣһʶʶɨɾʱ򣬷ɾһ
ֻһ۾ȷŮͼǵʮŮͼɾչŵģеŮֱˮסˡ
еŮһװһͷƵ㷢ڼϣĽӨͬʱˮ̾Ůͼıǻ֮ˮоԼ˺֮ܶ࣬ҲǷֲͬĲΡ
Ů˹棬ֻһܸܵŹϣˮĻ֮ﲻĲΣʫ续͸һǿյĴһִڵ
е£ɫƽȴɢһ󺣣ѹһװӽһ㷲ˣǷݹ֮
ֻһˮͨɢϢܸܵŮ˵ʵѾֲݣ㶳񣬽ģˮٴһ
ΪȻǰɫϵŮӵӰںˣȫںˣˮ֪ΪںϺ͹ںϣǲܴġ
һװӦеˣоƾʵһӵеģӦҲļ˰ɡ
ţݵļƺֻţݵľ԰ӦҲͬȼɴڰɣȻţݵɾԻܵѹ
ȻõŮͼ󹦸ɣֻˮеɻ󣬱ǰ龰ûкǸϵŮκεĽѵΪŮͼûɾ
عˮ˫ۣе㵣ĵŮ֪ŮĵʲôЦ˵ģҲֵģҲԸġ
ŮԲţˮ˵ٻŮʯһоǿˮɫоӦǵõҪĶ
ˮǲǵõҪĶ
̿ˮɵЦ˵
ţ
ʲôôˣǺòã
̸ܵˮǰ˵ҪõŮʯеһЩԸоӦòʲô˵Ķ
Ůꡣ
ˮر˵
ŮһЦˣˮ̰һۣͻϹ˵ߣԸҲˣȥ𴦿ɣ
뿪Ըʯû߶Զ㱻һȺΧסˣЩ䲻󣬿Ҳģһĵݻޱȡ
ǰĸˣмһŴӣһѾ޽ǳаʣµ޴ǹ
ˮһ㶣̨诡
ҵˣ
̨˵Ҳüͷ
֣ôƯԵ֣ûȤ
ž޵ĿЦ˵
һ˳֣ΧֱʧһΧ֮ھȻѾûбˣ뿪ԸʯûжԶͦģҲ˵Щ˶ôİԵ
ŮĺƯֻŮǻˮ֣˵ܳԵ𣿡
ųǹ˽˵޳˫鶯Ĺâ
ܣǾǿĴڣһ˵һǳԲµĶ𣡡
ž޽˰˵
˵Ļ󣬵ȴĴˮУɵüͷȻͬüͷŮ
Һǿ𣿡
ˮ̨˵
׳ǿĴڣҪһͺڷɽЩϵ
̨诿ˮ˵
ڷɽɽΣ
ڷɽǶɣϺɽࡣ
̨诿ԽԽҵ˵
ˮһſɽѹǣ֪ڻòʹ
Щ˶ҵһټϺڷɽֻǺйϵ̨诣ɽ̨ӣλ
ˮɫվŮǰЩˣǰԷ˵ԼŮǻˮģʵˮĸоŮںܶʱ͵鷳
ֻˣ˺Ůˣʳɫů˼ﵽһ̶ȣ竾Ȥˡ
˭ôˣһ۾ͿǣԵ
ž޽΢Ц˵
˭Ҫҵ˰ɣѸλһ䣬Щ˲ǵġ
ˮ֪ЩǰʾЩ˶ǺܽģҪѹסǾҪǸ
ˮûкЩ˶ֵĴ㣬Լһ˶ԸǰЩ˻Уҵĸ׷ֻˣ˵û鷳
ųǹüͷһ壬ĿˮˮŮ˵һ˵ݾҪŮ˵ĵΣЩ竵ʵһǴΪ֪ʵĺôȻ竣ȴû£Ǽһ
Ϊ֪ҪҪǿʵʱԼΪԼǼϣȽҪԼҪģȻ嶼пԼ
ΣˮĻһ˼ɣϾ֪Լҵ˻ô˵һ̡
ǲҪֵܣǸоԵ񲻸ãҽߣʯֵܺλСôƺ
ž޽˴ŹЦ
˱˵߽ܣЦˮ֣Ѻõıʾ
ˮЦ˵Ѿˣֻ·Ƽˮ꣬α֪ء
˵Цס˵֣ˮ֪֪ԼΪѹȥǣƺƽ˳ȥ
ֻһϣˮ͸оһϬԼľй룬ˮûзЩ˵ʵȻˮе࣬οˮĹԵ
ת߲ʵˮϬϢ˲仯ǸоԼԪ·ʯһ
ˮȫϢôѹֱ۵ǰȥ˵һƺѹľҪȥ
֧ţ˫ȻڻȥʱֻԼ֪ʲôζҲ֪֣Ҳǰ˵Ļ
Ҫ£ȻģѾΪͻȻоһᣬѹʧ̧ͷемĿˮ
ˮɿ֣ˣԵҪԼˡ˲ȫֻܿһʱ
˵ˮ̣ԥһҲסֱ̨뿪˿ˮ뿪û˵ʲôرɫ˵ϺÿҲ˵ѿرĸӡ
֣ôˣ
˺ǿ˼Ҳסȥмĳ˵˵ĺܶԣҪԼ
ˮӰʧ
ɿ˰ɣ
̨˵⻰֪ʲôоһٵıմˣǰ֪ҲȨ֮ƣ뵽Ǹ˵Ļ˵Լ塭
ŶŶ˼Ժ󲻻ˡ
ˮæɿץ̵֡
뿪ɣ
̴˵
ȥʱʹþУˮǰ˵ˡԺ󲻻ˡǻƺڶǻס̨诵ġ
һתֱӻصָȻׯ԰ȥʱҲˣͲȥ̡
̣ס죡
̨һϴΣһӼ䲻Ȼ


1161 ƣ
̨뵽ϴε龰Ļңɴ΢΢ĵͷѾ⣬һһסһ¥С
죬˵ߣ
ЦЦ˵
ôɽҲġ
ˮоǺܲģԼڵʵҪˣţԼʵȻûӰ
̷Լֻźˮ˵̨һˣϽɿˮ̨ſȥ
̨诵ûʲôɫѾָ΢ЦſǣǸоҸġ
ܵ㣬ҲǲɵģʦҲܸߣǸ˵ĻԼѵĻʲô
ܰ˹ඥ֮ʵҲʦɣ̨˼ţʦѾ൱µĴڣǳԽʦĴڡ
Ǹľƻ಻ࣿ
̨Сˮ˵
Ŷ࣬ܶడҪ٣Ҷ㡣
ˮһ㶣ٺ̨ҲˣӦҲǲ˰ɣԼŮ˵Ľá൱ǰĹˣס
ǣʦҪһЩ
̨æ˵
Ҫ٣һ̳
ˮɾЩµ㹻ˣɾʱӳһƬ÷һʼҲ˲١
ô࣬ʮ̳͹ˣģ˵۰ɣ֪ƺ󣬻ö㻻
̨˵
ǽãˣ
ˮҡҡͷ
Уƺܹء
ƻûдҲûҪǸǮأȥɣ
ˮЦſ
ãˣ
ʱЦŴԲ
ˮóʮ̳ϣ˵ⶫ𴦹ûУУӦҲټﲻȱҪĻ˵ˣҰ㵱ѣҲһңǺƯҶҲûǸ˼˵Ҽ̱Ưɣ
̨Ǹƣֱǰ㵱ˣҲ㵱ѣûǸ˼ãҾͷˡ
ˮ˵ʲôأ
ˮһۡ
ʱ࣬ٹһͺˣȥϵҹǳԷõҡ
ˮ˵뿪ˣɬ̻Ļŵ̨诣ȻŮڹϵܺã黹ǺΡ
̽㣬Ǹǲĺܿġ
ֻŮʱ̨С˵Ůϵʱͬ׽һֲ׽ãԺܶ໰˵
̨诿ҸɬЦݣ̲סʵǴȤԷ
ʲôǸ
̿е㲻Ȼ̨Цʡ
̽㣬
ŶǸȻİ
ֲ̽ʱ֡
̨ǳЦ˵
ð̨ԭβסįˡ
ҲûУô
㲻ܷסʶ𣬷ס𣡡
Ҳӵ˵Ͼ̨ȥ
̨п˵ʱˣЩħһֱӳУеһжǡ

ˮɾֱӼڵϵŮͼ֪ѾҵʮţŮӶǺܶ඼˹ϵ
ʮϵŮûˮоһʱʱԷݵλͬһ㣬ţܲҵδ֪˵ˮҲûȥ
ǰΪŮ˺ɫʱеɢˣ֪ʵء
ˮ˷ܵæܡ
ǰĳϲʺϣҲ˸ţϾʵ仯ǿԸܵģһˮЦЦƬƵɢȻˮıʵƣȻˮ֪д˹ඥãֻǵʱﵽٽ㣬Ǹʶʱô߻ơ
ʵﵽ˰ƣ
޴ջˮϲޱȣͬʱҲɻΪʲôҪԼඥһιඥӦҪʧʮΪ˰ɣ
ˮֻñǽʹﵽ˽ǧƵʵþɽǧƣʱԼӦͼĹʦһս˰ɣ
ʵҲﵽһǧ֮࣬һЩھĵֿҲǿֲޱȣ˵޾ߣˮŵĵֿ߳ɵľѾ̫ˣ޺֮
幥ˮľоɽȣο֮ԽԵðԵŹ
ˣ
ˮŮͼȻԼŬ䵱ʱɫ̬ƣʱǷݳˮһֺǿĸ
֮ˮиΪ㶯Ĵڣû㶯ܲ˵׼ء
ˣ
ˮӰ嵽գӰ㶯̾Ϊֹʱı仯ӰҲڱ仯仯ϵơ
㶯շ磬ˮڵмһİǰֹ񹤵ĸо鶯ͰֳǺܴġ

ˮЦˣȻֻǸոǰ۷㶯Ҫǿϲ٣Ǻ;Źϡ
ŹҪǾŹλھŹλ⴩ھŹ֮һƣŹ֮ڻٵĽͶֵھŹ֮ھŹֱӣʱԵУˮھŹڻҪںˣʹӦûǿ١
һѾȥˣˮһͻȴһУһΣ߲ݵȥˡ
ǿߣرʵʮ²Է˯ԣû»ǻ˯˯񣬶ҺܶأУÿ춼ҪС˯Ƭ̣Ҫġ
һͣˮоƣҲǶĹģԵ㶫ϴһֱɾĴ˯һ

ˮʱûеʱߵʱŮڣˮЦţ£Ҹˡ
ˮҪ˵ˣû˵һ̾Ͷһе׷
һһأͦģ
һȥϢˣ̨Ц˵
컹磬Ъɣһ˯Ц˵
У̨Ȼû˵ˮˣϽ˵̻УҪסŲǲǼ尾
ˮĻŮΣ̺
̨С㣬Ǹôʱụ֪̂ģĲС
Ҳ̨֪һϽ̴к뿪
ֱ̨뿪¥һ¥ȥ
ôȥһ¥ˡˮ̡
㣬˵е㳳ˮҸоֻôõɫܹ֡˵ҵܴ𡭡˵
ˣǲֲˣȥĿģţˣٴ㣬ϲˡ
ˮ˵ֱӱȥ
ûеңˮ̴ڣĴˮһ飬ߵҵʱ̵Ͼʣѩ׵ˡ
ˮĴ䡢۾·סͦεһ㣬̵岻ܿƵĹܿƵķ̼ˮ
ˮ˫֣һֻͦΣһִֻĨ˷̵ͦϣȴֵԾˡ


1162 Ķӵ̨
һεķһر˳ˮ֪ȡ任ŸƣһѪڵĻǰҲǵߡ
ЩͬʱҲ̨ǰһ¥еû뵽ٴοϴεĻ棬һ޵ݣĻҡ
۾϶䣬סԼʶЩٴʧˣǻٴγǰڷ·ˮ̵һ
ָоԲŶ䣬ҲٷԼʶԼˮǰһ
ܲ㡭
ֻ̨˵Լﻰһ
һȴͻȻ˱仯龰һ䣬˶ʶռһǰˮ͵۳λڳֵĻޱȵΡ
ˮֱӳʶк̨վһ𣬶ȴǿĿˮѪڵĻ档
ˮȻε̫ȣ庮ҷԼڻãֻڶһ̨ͣ诣ͻ
ֻǴʱ˲ܿƣ˭Ҳû˵Ҳ֪ܲ˵벻龰ܣӾƽʱ˲֪ٱһ˵ζ
ˮ̨֪Ϊʲô¥סҲ֪ˣֻΪЩʲôˮ֪ˣϴξͿ˻
ˮǸƣԼԼԼŮ˷ҲˣûʲôԱ߻иǵľɫˣǸˣˮԺԥİ
ɬĻ̨̺诣ر̣ʱ޷ݣʵ̨诱Ҳò˿ˣһַʽǺһ𿴵ġ
ˮ̿ˣľǹۿŴϲ֪ƣŮ
ҲǱʶԭһԱϴʱ˲٣ǲһʱˮǰһ󲨶̨ʧˣˮƺص˴ϣʵǰǹۿʱ򣬸оûʧ
ˮӵ̣ܰʱֻ˴˵ӵΪɫ·Ҫγˮһ
ô
̾
ʶļֻ֮ʮ֮һ֮һر˵ļʸ͡
ˮʵҲǺƵġ
ӰԼҲӰϴΣǰЩԼ˶Ѫŵġ桱ֲϴ̨ɫ졣
ԭѾˣ
ˣԼ̲֪˵Ļûʲôоģټô˵
ҲرΪ飬С˵˵ڻܿ𣿡
ܣ
ô
̴ʱԽԽ޵ݣԭϴͿˣֲǰԼǸǲǺܿģ˵Լеô֣ʲôˡ

̨Լķ䣬ϴʱܵγѪˣбΪһʱҲ顣
ɫԽԽеһֱڷûг
ˮ̨诵ķȥʱ̨˶һ𣬴򿪷ſ̣̽㣡
һ죬ס̨诵߽Ϸš
ã뿪ɽ
˵
̨һ㶣̵֣̽㣬ǶŮˣоǰҲ˵ΪʲôҪôѡأѵ뵱ҽˡ
ã㲻Ŀ⿴𣿡
ε˵ҲεģȻлŮ쾭壬飬ֻ˷һɵ˿Ǹоζƿ
̽㣬뵽ˣ˵ʵͦĽģǲôְ
̨说۾
ðǵʥŮҲˣҪҪ
һ죬ȴǱǰ̹Ȼ˺ܶ࣬Ů֮Ĺϵƺ׽ˡ
Ϲ˵ʲô̽㣬ˣԶǽã֮ûʲô˼ģҪ͵͵ɣΪġ
̨
ãʥʯָȥ֮ңȥ˵һ
˵оҲãȹʱ䣬Ҳˡ
ȥˮ˵ʱҲеƣŮ˵סģеû˼ˣǲ̨˵ʲôֻŮʲôӦ̨诺Լ֮ӦӦˡ
̣ҲʱҿܾͲֻǿܣԷҲҲҪģһġ
ˮ˵
ţҪСģҪңɽܺõģ
ЩãʵߵҲкô
ˮһЩ̨õ϶һݣ̸̨ǿˣ̲ܸȫ
̨̺뿪ˣ緹ûгԣԼһ˳緹̾ܶ޿κΣ飬˵ʲôû顣
Թ緹ֱŻȥʵоﲻôıˣߵʱѾˡ
ϵܣģ
ݿˮĵ˵
ôôҪȥˣ
ˮ˵Ѿǰ
е飬һȥˣֵܣҲͲлҶ콣ˣ
ˮļ
ֵܾͲҪôҪˣɣϲģ
ˮݸһռ
ϵܣҲҪ
÷ƣ
ˮЦ˵
͵ֱѸٵĽӹ
ϵܣȥڳǰɣϸ
ü˵
ֱϾûˣѾǹȥĶʦҲֻʣˣڳкüҶȥģҲо֮ңܶ࣬Ҳǿ١
ڳһȥģڣʱһ鷳ϸġ
ˮЦſݡ
Ҫȥڳǲңҿɲ㡣
ʹˮļ
ˮЦŵͷҲݡ
ˣˮʼһĵʯͷѸ٣ʱˮûʳҩͷҲǣ˻аٶԪһĹˣǧûѧ
ʯͷǻκǧľͺˣҲˣ˵ʦţڸˡ
ʯͷѾпˣ߶ԶͿ컯ˣ
ͷʯͷȹ÷ƣˮϴ跥õģôˡ
ˮھҲе㲻ߣΪﲢǶôİȫʱ׼ţȻѰ˼ﴦ׵
ڵѾܴˣܶ˶ﶨȣˮʱÿ춼̶죬ҪɾҲ죬ԻϵĶ𵱳Ѿ˲١


1163 һݣ
̵ˮʵڶʹȻû̵ѸٵڸԶĵط
ʱˮҲĲٵĲϣ˶Աϻ߻ʹĲϣöǮǶóһЩˮĶУϡҩݡһЩϡŹֵĶֻҪˮϾС
һȥˣڼ䣬ˮȥٰս֮ҲжٶǸࡣ
ս׺սסսȹ˺ܶ࣬ϾҪ˲٣ûװǿȫɷѾ൱ɹˡ
¼ǿʹñȽϲͼ߾Ͳˣûʲô˼ֻõͼ߳ܲס
ֻǿ߲ܵǹ˴˵ԺһУͨ˵õҲԺǿ
ͷԽԽãʯͷÿ֮⣬Ҫһʱǧ
ڵѾˣˮҲϣǵĶжôǿΪûΪǳԼҲ
ֻϣɿֵһ㲻˶ֵģҲԭˮֻϣ˳Ŀ̣Ҳ֣ǵĶҲ˼ʡ
һˮͷʯͷԼ뷨˵ˣôѡԼ
ͷһͣȻʲô̾һжģ
Ǿͽ춯ɣʯͷúð˵ĻǼƿҩͻƴﵽģڶ߶ԶͿܴٴˣ
ллʯͷһ˵Ļ
ʯͷ˵ٴθˮͷĵͽܼʦ
ˣŬɣԵǻټģչ˺үүǵӻԽԽá
ˮѱҪĶǣǴԺ뿪ףȻҲû˻עϾҲǼ
ʣˮԼеСȲ裬ʱһˣˮͷһе㾪ȣ̫֡
һɫװ˵ۣһհˮ覣˫۾һ̶ˮ֮ǳ˸ϸ߸ķͺֱͦʫ续
˫״С㣬ˮ¶һ˿΢Цã
ţ״СôпС꣡
ˮվЦŻӦŮ˵ʵֲݻҪֲܶ࣬治֪ôġ
ǲ㲻ӭ𣿡
˵ŻѾߵˮǰ
ȻӭʵÿҶ״Сʲôʱ֡
ˮʾ
һ㶣СӻǴϣҲû϶ΪԿԼ
ǲûаҵѰ
˫ˮһĿˮʵ
״Сôô˵
ˮɫıܿ˫˫·ħһԼ㶡
Һ֣ΪʲôңϺг⣬Ҳ˵ˣΪʲôҸˣ㲻ӽҪκα꣬ʱôľƣ㲻֪صǰжɪҾ˵˵ǹ㣬Ҿǲס
褿ˮܹŹ֡
ˮ˵ʱûаգˣͻˣˣҪ껹ƣûˣ
ʵпԵģѽҲϣ˵Ҳ𣿡
ˮɬ˵װĺˡ
ˣôԻ
е˵
ʵҺֵƣ͵㶫ΪɣҲΪɣ
ˮƺ˸ɡ
ûǸӿԼǰ٩ҵ٩Լ褸оɣûᣬо˵ͦĵġ
Ŷ׸磬Ҳ磬ˡ
ƽĿˮ
ˮӣǸģѡ
ǲǺųң
褶֪ʲôоǸоֵֹģ˶״Сʲôʱôһ˵ˣʹϵԷȻų
״С㣬Ȳ裬ôų㣬ĴˣҶ޲װǱ
ˮóѩ׵ıӰ裬ҶɾĴۣǰЩԱȵġ
Ȳĺôܶ࣬ǰȲҲǺôܶ࣬ЩȲ˵޷һ޲裬ȻȲ˲࣬Ҳ˵ȲĺôҪԣʹ˾ܣǿ˼άͼƣͣٽ³´лάࡢѪܡθܵá
ɾþ͸ˣȲԻָûӾӵ٣Ҳʤޣ΢ϴĹЧ
ǸƣǰֱСմˣŵҲǾȣӹˮݹĲ裬˼ڣȵĿˮ
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뵽Ǹƺ̲סЦˡ
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1164 뿪ʵж£
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Ŷ˵˵ǲǱ󡣡
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һȴŮˣܳ졢ţȴԼݣˮǸоԼԱоһı
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һ˵ȼ㣬沢ŷţʾˮ˼˵
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褺ܿĵˮԴƺرĿġ
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ԺǾˣమһᾡػ㣬ֱҵԼɾ
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ͷɣҺҪһҪţлʱиطס˵ǸȽϤĵطԺʱоС
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1165 ѧķ
ŮѾˮٵľˣЦ˵ûбҪҪɱȥĻԼġ
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ЦſˮϵЦ˵ĶȻ
ˮʱݣҲԭ򣬸˵׽һԼɫ֣˵仰ʱʱ̵̿Լ
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㣬׼׳ǵ壬׳ǸǴ֮һܲ˵˵׼Ҵжǿʵ
ˮܺ棬Ƕ۷壬Щ˻֮ǿĴڵжǿ
ˮʵ˵ʵѾ̫׼ȷˣǶǰʵ׼ȷ˵ںܶʵ˱仯ǰǿʵҲûǰôǿˣǰ۵ʵҲںǿ
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1166 ʵĶ֮ʮʵǿġ
ĸоˮУִѾһܣѾﵽҵľ硣

Ҳ֪˶ʱ䣬貵Ĺâɢ俪ֱóеˮѣ·ͻȻʶԼʲôǰȫ״̬ڽ˺ˮΣľ괺ڿз衭
ǰĹâ貣ˮʶعҲǺܿ죬ûпǼʵĹâ֪ǰʣ˲ֻһֿܣˡ
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ˮԼϹŶһֱʵĶֻ֮Ǻľ֪ͻƵʡ̫ˣҪܴҲͲˣʲôʱͻʲôʱ㣬еԼʵҪһ㡣
ͻˣ˵ԼѾȫ϶ʦνҾţܳԼӦǺٺ٣ԼϹŶ֮ġ
˵ģȻ˵ĺСļʣУ͹ˣ˵ˮ֪жǿȻ磬˵¼סƷѾĴڣ뵽ͿƲסе˷ܡ
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ˮѧķܶ࣬϶еģ׷ҲеģУﶼӲС
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ͣȻóһЩһľĽЩСƽһСȻʼַ
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ĸѭ໥ѭѭˣֻһ͵ĸӾֱֻ򣬺滵÷ڲѡ
ˮǳ˼
зѵҪ֮
нˮľ˳һˣѷ籩ڽ𣨷ϴдˣ߷ڻˮˮ
ѷ籩籩ˮˮƻ߷߷ѷ
ͻȻˮ֪ΪʲôˣǰţǼ⣬ķѵһҪĸԣˮֱһѽٴε
һýϵķоȫΪȫ˵ˮڵǲںģˮݡ
Ȼһγԣһκ棬һʧˣˮЦˣΪ֪Լ뷨ǶˣԲУԼڵֻмһ޷ʹã͵ˮͻ߷֮Ļˡ


1167 ǿķƽ
ˮʼ˼̣Ȼڲͣʧܣÿһʧܶҳһо´ξܿϰ
ʱڲ֪ʧһʹתʱˮĳһбͨڱòʹתĳһĪĳɾ͸
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ˮֻǰЩһ㾫ģտʼʹãĹ뽣Уеӵһ˿ɣҲ΢С

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˵ǺǿˣеĽ첻֪Ѿ˸óȥʱˡ
ϴ·ˮܺãʵ˺ܶ࣬ԼҲԸԼıǽ¶һ£ԼʵҲԴﵽͼĹʦˡ
ˮ֪ǽܲоڶıʵף屶ƺҪһʱˣ褶ķƽͻʶѽرˣˮһͬķƽѶȣҪ
ˮһ˵˵ˮʵ
ɾѾˣ컹磬ˮֻǵԺʱ򿴵һŮѾ轣ˡ
褣
һѳĽҲǽ裬ĽÿһƺĸоһЯصһ
һָоһֽƣ֮һǸԶûбãȴǿԿøԶǽƣѧҲǣһ⾳ƺܳ粻һҲнƣǡСơǡơ˵еЩǿ߸ǻּɽѣѹԽеǳ
褻ͷһˮЦŵͷˮȴǿĴ̫ȭ
ڽѾﵽ˲ľ磬ֻǱֽƺ˺ܶ࣬Ψһóֵľ̫⾳ͽƣǺ褲˲١
ˮܿģΪƺָܵʲôһߴ̫ȭһ߸褵ƺϡ
ֶѧֻܿԼˮǰѾˣڸе򣬲֪е̫ȭȭԽԽ
ˮ̫⾳ոһֱȹ̽׶Σһ߻ãȹ
ı仯ţҵһۿ㵽ڣʵٷһ
սߵˮ߹˵
ãͻ˵㣡
ˮЦ֣Ҳֵʱˡ
˾ûʵȥԵ㶫׼ǰڳǰɣ
褿ˮЦ
㣬⣡
ˮķƽóݸ褡
褿ķƽʱĿһϲӵĻƷеϣ˳ܼ̣ۡκλ³ˣһִ
褿ˮȻ󻺻ֽӹķƽһʹתʱ褳ԾĿˮˮ۵ӣſˮǷɫ۵࣬Ծֱˮס
Ů˺֮κ˶ܺһڲ֪пԻĴڡ
ˮعʱ򿴵ϵһΣεЦţƯˡ
褱ˮĻҭһ£ƯŮ˶ǺԸЦſˮǸɽ̨Сǲӡ
ǣ
ˮɴ˵
ˮ벻Ȣ
褰˵š
룬Ѿкܶˡ
褣
褿еĽ׿ǰĻ⣺⣬ĶȻﵽ磬ѽʵҲﵽʦˡ
˵βס˷ܣǰӲıʵڻķƽֱӱһʵһ˵ģķ˾޴仯
ˮѽ˵һ£ʵҲܸܵеĴ󲿷֣ķԲ֪
ˮ⽣̫ˣϲ˵˵Ҫʲô㿴ǲ㡣
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Ҫҿ
ˮЦſ
ǣѽǲû㣬ҲǿʲôҲûи㣬ȴһٵչҡ
褲˼˵
㺰Ҹˡ
ȥҲ롣
ִˮһЦһ˲鶯ǡ


1168 ˮĻһʶ
ˮסеһ컰ͷоݺȷڿɴԼһЩǷֵ뷨
˹ǷģƯŮԶһ㣬رһˣǴӲȱŮˣһᾭĶŮˡ
Ķĸоʵʱܼ򵥣һţһһ򵥵ľֹУһʣһһ鶼пܡ
ˮʶŮĶȴֻѵŮˣ庮ҷҶ̡ơ
ˮоǻѾûнǺнˣϲһֱܣϲˮ޳ɣҲɣرǶˣԽԽ飬޷ģֻ޲ŻŮϲɣΪԼŮˣܿԼϲ¡
ɣʦ߸ҵģÿһһƵıʵһֻܳһţÿֻܳʮţʵе٣㷢ûʲôõóˡ
褵ظˮȭͷССƿ
ˮ嶼һѧкöӱһƵʵе٣ˮԼ߲ʵ޺飬з񡢾ɽֻͻСܶ࣬ˮ߲ʵȲ̫ࡣ
˭Ҳ֪ˮ߲ʵǿ󣬱һƵıʵˮǰƣǸ࣬ˮıʵȷе˵߲ʵҲڣΪ߲ʵǱáʱ߱ıʵ
˵ˮǿԺʵӻǿ߲ʵĿ£ֻ褲֪Ͼһʱһƻ߼ƵʵʲôˮɾϧÿֻܳʮţҲʮƵʵˮ˷ܣûв´ĻƿӦʮţôԼܿʵﵽʮơ
ˮӹⶫҺϲҾͲͽˣԹʮ𣿡
ˣⶫѧǱʾԵĶⶫֻ弶ʵԣѧõЩͺ󣬳Թ˿ȡõĶ
Ц˵
ǴóĶǲһһƵʵ褿ʲôɼѧӦûиõĶ
һƵıʵˮ˵һ־޴ʶͻҲƵıʵ
ҾͲˣⶫҺѡĻԸѡҲѡķƽ
ˮĵ˵Ů˻Լĸ
ʵˮ֪ʵѧҲǺģֻʳһţʦ߸ģһƿǴﵽһʦĽˮ
ˮоҩǿ󣬲ȻǰҲͲô˵ˣҪоѧܺļټǰ褵ĻҲûж룬ֻоһֻܷʳʮе١
褿ˮϲҲģǴˮһЩϾѽǶʦʦҲǺϲ㾳磬һǹʦ൱ҪĶ
ţˣˮﻹһʯƲһѽˣѱʯģܻܲ¯
褷·ͻȻ뵽ֱóˮ
ˮ۾һʯˣ˵൱Ĳˣ챱ǽϲºˣӦò˰ɣ
һˣҾҪˣ
ˮĸԼҲûп
ߣȥԵ㶫Ȼ
褿ĵסˮǰԺȥ
֪˵Ĺϵ׽٣Ȼܶǽݵԭ򣬱ѣڸһֽˮܰѽ褣褴о˺ܿɿΪ֪ˮԼûѺãܸܵĵ
ߵҪܸܵˮģڿİõĳˮ䡣
һ褣ˮɴܶЩǿǵģԺֻܳԼķ³Եö࣬ǵĻ֣ǲϲԺָܶо
ѾǸȥˣǰڳǻҪʱ䣬ǿķҲҪʮ¡
㣬ǰڳܿ㣬ֻҪ㡣
ˮҲʱ䶼˷·ϣҲʲô
ʲô
һ㶿ˮ
Ҫ֣ǽܣ㲻˼ɡ
ź˼룡
˵һɫеŹֵİûκα仯ʵĺܻλΣû׸糤Ҳû֡
Ҫֻ֡
ˮסһֻĺ˵
ˮܵĽţܺ׳õĴС㣬Ӧв׷˵ѧ˸࣬ţоӦѵģδ򣬿ڸоƺܽţӦòڰɣ˵ǽܡ
ˮס֣Ȼڿնһֱ߿գ΢΢ͷƺˮӡ
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һк褲žȵĿĳǳأٿˮһαһ£ϵ̫ˣߴΣȻûеڳǣѾһ·ˡ
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ˮЦ顣
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Ц˵ĳ˳֡
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Ȼ׳ǣлһЩСƣһͽǣ˵һ
ĳǳǧ֮࣬׳Ǵ˻ʳ֮ǳ֮һʵϴ󣬾ڵҲر
ÿһǳضǺܷЩˮ߹ĳǳصҲ٣صƵ·Ҳֻٴζһѡ
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ˮ˵ţʣֻƽ˵
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˱߱˵֪͹˺ܳʱ䣬Ϊ˴ʱ䡣
ͻȻˮʶֱĸоߵ褺ҲǣʵоʲôûУ
ˮһʣɫˣҲоˣ
Ҳȷʽ㡣
ˮƽ˵˱߱˵ûͣûĴ
Ǹյ·ģ˵Ӧô챻˸١
ƺܷѽ⡣
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ˮ߱˵
ʶӦóǰûаգҵĽаգֻǲ֪Ƕˡ
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ˮֱóһöʥʯָץִϣֻڴϵ˲еһ뽫褵ָˣѪֱ뵽ʥʯָС
ֻƾѪѾǴ˵ĶˣˮûдָѾˣҪ۳һⶫ׼Ժ󵱴ұ
飬οҲǽݵĽ㣬λǰݵģˣΪİȫ


1169 սķƽп
еľˣˮʱǸʥʯָʹ÷ʵʲôѾ֪ˣҲϤ׼ȷķ
ȥǣʵڲǾܡ
ˮЦ˵
뵣˵Ӧǳˣǰ׼ҵĳˣһЩ׼ȡ֮ˣֻû뵽ôҵңӦǿһ뿪˰ɣ֪ôˡ
ˣ
ˮҲµˣû뵽ôҪͳ˽ӴԼʵ⣬ϾҪӴսǺһεˣǺ׼ҶԿˣԺܶ඼ǹʦġ
Լţݣʶ褺̨ǣԼٲʲôӴʦߺѣЩȻΣգҲǻȻʵҲʱѸ
·ڣоܺãȻΣգҲлΣջġ
ţӦǣȥУϾͻ
ˮ˵һ䣬ߵƫƧطֱѸٵſзȥ
ˮæϣܿ͵˸߿գǳһǿôߵĵطԶǿսĵط
ˮվϽߣվڿͣһ»˵Ȼˣαزͷ¶βأɣ
һƬžһκӰƲʣŨŨһƲʣЩطǿΨһܲطȻĻ˵ֻǡ֮Ǵ˵дڣˮûм
ˮľӿȥεĴһӣܿͷһλãֻ̫ԶûʲôõĹֶΡ
ݣ
ˮһź鼤õǰʶֵֻܵһֱֱľ

һĴ֮һŨ֮߳һߣ޳һɫӣ˵òرͨһһͨˣΨһ˫۾л¶ϬĹâ
˭Ϊʲôǣ
褿ƽʵ
Ϊʲôǣ⻹׼ͨǣֻڳ˵Ҳǣ˭
Цſ褡
ͣһ˵׼ͨ˶ʮˣ׼Ҿͨ˭ɱ޹ߵĹ򡣡
СѾͷк˾лˣûлôкˣʵҲûк˺ͻֻ֣֮ǿߺ֣֮׼ǿƣȻǺˣ˵ʲôʲôˮת׼Һܿͻûʷĳ¡
˴Ц˵
֪ʲôǺȻʲôаʤܳãǸʮܻĺܳãΪǲʺأǻᱻصḼ́
ڣǽڣ½кܶطʮƿߣһ˵ˣЩ˵棬вǵĵλˣҲ˵ˣҾ㿪ȡһϢԺһȡ
˲ͷ˵
˵óһֵıĳ߳Ҳ̫룬еﵣ˷·Ǹͷ
óķƽˮ˵ˮһ߿ţչ˺Լ
ˮͷû˵ʲôϾԼʵеǿΪǰ˵ʵӦһʦ۷壬һѾ˶ʦϾǰɱ褵ġ
˿褣ϵһӣһǳɫĹΣһֻһץ
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еķƽһּ֮һ貵̫һӭ˶Է˿֡
ž
ֱӽ˵Ĳ˿ִɢӰһ˳ȥ
˵Ĳ˿ֱƺܳԾܿͷӦһӣһǳɫĹγ˫֮£ӰѸٵ
һӣһƬ޴Ļɫǵȥ
һ㶼еһ֣һЩˮѾϿԿ϶еľ
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褿ԽԽЩǽǵأ൱Ŀֲ
ҵıһɰеķƽֱһĽâˮһ㡣
ˮ죡
һ޴ˮĻֱӸ룬⻹㣬ˮдܳһ޴ˮϣһǵص˲ɢ
ˮķƽ褲ٵľټϴںХڱƵҲǵص⡣
ڳԾ˫ۣ鱨ʰ׼Ѿͷ׵ģƺһӡ


ϳһֻ޴Ӱ񣬿ģһԳ࣬ԳҲ鳤࣬Ƚǿ󣬿˻޾ˣǶԾúǿ
ҲҴ⣬æóԼĻ
Ļһֻ޴ɺģޣƮݳԡ
ɺһ˳ȥ
һ㳾
˴һе裬˲һľ޴ޣľ۵ģһţһȴǳ褡
ִɱϢ֮ε褳ȥ޴ԴʱһЩҪӲʯͷ
褵еķƽϵػ裬ÿһλ趼һ޴Ľһ޴ˮĻһϬޱȡ
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ХһеĽһһƺ£һ貵ĽâֱĲӳȥ֮۴ڡ
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˶ԴֱӱĽâնһ˲ɢڿС
һνУ̤һֵ²ˮоԼǲ񣬵Ҳֻѡ
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һӣһ޴ǵص褣Щз·ǷˮһһɹϢɢ
֮
ˮ̾ˮˮ˻ˮԵǿ󽣼һǺͿˣȻкǿǰǿϧƣȻȫӡ
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ǰûͣеķƽѸٵļɨһˮһľ޴ӡ²ųȥˮ˽ֱӶǵص֮
ֻ£ž޴ֱʧʱִһˮӡ
ʱ˵ľѾܽˣֻʱ׼
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ΧͻȻʮ޴Ļߣ˵ǻ滹ņ׵֮
ˮЦˣû뵽ķƽϵĻ߿ȻˮʹЩһ㽣ϵĻҪ˺ܶ౶
˾ֵܣѾֻסԼԼһεĻ߿ÿ
޴žˮо£ʹѾô£
޴Ļ죬Χƶ䶼ˣиƵԼǿֲžɫ׹ⲻϴ
һ̱߿ֵĵطһ㣡
߿ʧʱеĶʧˣ߿ʱ䲻Ҳʱ䣬ȴզࡣҲΪпƵԭ


1170 ֮ħħ
ȻҲʵԭʵԽǿܽķƵӵԽǿеˮϣһ뵽ķƽǿҲͲˡ
ҲԸֻһˣôҲûеɱɣһжΪһԭûķƽ˵ɱߣܶ⡣
㣬뿪˾
ˮƺе㷢æǰ˵
ţ
褺ˮ˲ʧڽУҲǵһֻǰֵЩûôǿˮҪ岻Լߣ˵ˡ
֪ĶˮԽϲϲϲûɷ֣Ǻܵϲܴ
ʵˮһģԼȻˣϸоõĸ࣬ܿܲսôı
սֻþĻˮҲԱľͲ֪ϾܻܲٵֻͲ˵ˡ
褴ʱƺܿģ˶ңʵڴϴɴ߶ҵ˻ǺܶģˣҲŮˡ
ˮҲ˶ңһʶΧֻҪǿߣͻϸһãǿ߲ǰײˣôġ
ЩҲû֪ˮǿߣΪûдﵽΣǺǿ߲Ҳ֪ǰˮûʵǿߣҲ֪
ֱ·ģ벻ʺϣܸϵڳˣڳӦþͰȫ׼ҵǿƻǴڵġ
ҲֻǵģҲֻǲ²⣬ҪǰǸˣ˵ǣ˵ʵϽӽʦˣʦλôĴڣǰһ
ߵֻвϵıǿǿиǿģߵǿ󣬵ȴ쳣Ĵ
ÿһȦӵĶ֮һȦҲǵ׵ߣ죬һ;ֹ
ˮ߱룬һЩ˵ԼĸʶԽԽ̣ҲԽԽҵԼλá
ǵٶȲ죬Ҳûй̶ĵص㣬Ľֵ߿ر֣мһЩ޳Сģݻġªģܶܶ࣬еٱϾǻ̯ŵꡣ
ͻȻˮһֵĸоָоϤȴ˵Ȼ̧ͷϿգָоǴֻǴ濴ָоȷʵʵĴڣƺԽԽоҲԽԽͷ
ңԼעⰲȫϾ
ˮֱʹʥʯָĹſгȥ
ֱһĸ߿գʮ׵ĸ߿գƺǵӦƺˣˮоǵӦƺͣԷӦøӦԼĴڡ
ӰһʧʱҲÿˮʧӰҲĸȥ
ʮΣ׵ĸ߿գƺ£ɻ񣬲ǰ߿ȱʱˮҲڿʶϤԴ
һֻ޴꣬һվŵһŮˣϤʶʱ
Ůӷٸ߸üͣղʩɫ糯ϼӳѩɽŮգΨһ˫綬պ
˫̹ǵǱѩȴ䵽˹ɫһѩ׵βסߣ絶ǰĻľĶǣأ޳Ľ
վɢһ˲µʣˮɿŮˣ䣬һĹ°
ˮеǸŮˣ
ˮû뵽¼̫ˣ˵İһ֪ɾŮͼ֣ȻֻƾʶǺѸӦģҲΪļ֮׵ԭҲ˵壬Σһμˡ
һߵֻ޹ھһʶʱ򿴵ģ̫ˣһɽһɢϢֱˮסˡ
ϹϴʶеֻɫϢһҲҲǿޱȣǵˮʱƺûǿʢһǸŮӣˮʲôҲˣԼʵ̫Сˡ
ǰǣڻǣɲ֪Ů˵ʵΪӦòŮˣ֪ĺס
֪ǰˣǺͻͽأһѾҪˣҪƺǸĽŲ
ѾٴμҪůԼʲôˮ֪ʲôоŮˣŮ˺ĮҲڿ˫۾ɱ̹ǣǱѩȴ䵽˹䵫Ȼƺһ̫ˣһһ
ˮŮҲ֪˵ʲôŲ˰˵ã
˵ˮһ£ҲûŮ˻Ů˷ȴ˵ˣرľȡ
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ɱ䣬һ°
ұΪ԰ﵽ㣬Ҳ֪Ϊʲôо㣬
ˮһûκһţһĶûˡ
˵Ļǰе㲻ںܱ
ʱҲˣˮߣҲĻʱȴǾˣΪŮˡ
ŬԼ˵ĿһС
Ůûзŭƺûһ仯ǰҲܵϢ֪ûΣ֮޷нˣҪˣΪ֮ɣ
Ů˵ת뿪ߵĲһ˿ˮҪ˵ʲôŬ³һ仰أǻټģ
Ů뿪ˣӰֻ޹ʧʣˮþòŻͷ褣ôˡ
ˮ֪˭𣿡
˵仰ƺڲ
ˮое㲻ԾǾȻЩϲ˵ʶ
Ҳż֪ģôʶ
ҲǺܾ졣
㣬˵˭
ˮشٵ˵
褿ˮʶǸŮˣӦҲûʲôϵ룬ˮǸŮйϵѰɣ
ţݵˣźħһ˳ΪħһŮˣкܶ˶Ҫء
褿ˮ˵
褵Ļֻ
Ϊʲô
ˮ褡
˵ǰʧˣǰһǿңҲ֪ΪʲôǸҵӰҲܴһʱܶʵɱǿ˵ħħ𣬶ҵõħĴУҪ֪ħԿ˺ܶࡣ
Ȼ˵úɢˮҲƺһЩ
ˮʱĸооԼûв´ĻħʲôʵսǴʲôҴһΰɣˣӦԭϹӡ뿪ݣһɱӦþǶҩ˰ɣħ𴫳Ӧʵԭ
˵ûнӦΪԼʵСħħ𣬻ʹûпԼûмԼ
˵ĵ˺ܶ࣬ĵ϶һЩǿʿٱʿħӦǺͳЩ˲ɣ֮սֹͣӦûǲݰɣ


1171 챱ǽ
ˮԴҲû뵽ȻһݣħһоңԶĴڣȴǺʵĳǰܲܵĹϵȻǴܡ
ţݵˣ޵ˣݣݻǺأ
ǰ˵ĻҲ֪ûϣˣԼϣζϣʱûɱԼ˵ɱ޹ˡ
ǲһģˮΣյĴ½Ѿᵽоݺܸߣ粻ԼܽӴͳܵģ˵ԼһˣнĿܡ
Ҳ뵽ˣˮڵϹ̾ϢҲʱְ֪ɣʱԼƷˮ׵Ůˡ
ҲֻϹ꣬պͻ棬ҲǴɾʵͻͽܵ˵ûʧʲô˵׬˺ܶࡣ
ĳӲǹ飬Ϊ˼֮ףԼůա
ˮϧԼڸûǸ˵˵ȥΪʵԭħˣħԼҪﵽĲҪʲôʵҪã
ħʵӦòļʵ⻹ǱصĹưɣǶôֲʵˮԴˣҲûãĿǰץʱŬɣ
ˮ
ˮع褣ŮеĵǣЦҡҡͷûʲôһ棬ڿû˽Ķࡣ
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΢Ц˵ܴȻ֪ʲôоˮںǸŮˡ
лллл㰲ң
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Ҵ϶о¥һϵε֣Ϊ¥ǵõϢ鱨ģپ¥˶ӣܶණ
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ܿŮͰѷ˶ˮڿԣȻûԼĺãʲôҲ÷ζ񾭳ˣżԲҲǸоܺóԵġ
˳һʱ򷿼ˮ褿ԷҲһվЦǾ¥ķԱɣ
ˮţһݵˣģһ㣬һ֪Ǿ¥ķԱ
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С𣿡
΢Ц˵ûлشˮĻ
ˮӶԷп˶Լĺӡҡҡͷں˵˭
ҽһ磡
ˮ˵죬Ҳ˵ǧߣû뵽һ磬Ӧһ˼ʱҪȡһɣֻǺҲ̫ǿˡ
ˮ˭
褵
Ŷ˵һ硭
ʱѾߵˮߡ
С㣬˵ˣôǰ˵
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˵֣߳Ụ̊Ƕ̣ڵĲȡ
ӣѾԱˣЩͲˡ
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Ŷǻȥɣ
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һʼնûпˮ
ˮ֪˲ûаԼ£ѵΪԼûţ
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ƽ˵š
СúϢ㣡
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ˮһ뿪Ӱе֣ΪƤһתʱŹֵ񣬻ͷ褣㣬ԺҪһˡ
ţ֪֪ʵװģΡ
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ˮ֪ѾҾͿˣϷţԷǰֻһ롣
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ˮųһֻʾ˵в褵˲࣬ˮҪȥȥʱҪ
ɾˮȲľ͵һ£ѩףӨ͸СֻĴָȥܿһůѸȫȫģرܡ
ΪҪһĥģû뵽ͦܵģܿϾһǿ𣬱ʵһơ
ⵤҩºͣЧȴô޴󣬵ҩһ顱ǿ󣬿ϧˮȱҩҩģԼҩƺǰɳõģرʺԼҪҩѵá
ҩӦҲǺ󣬶ҩҲԲҩҩݶԼƳ
ʵٴһƣѾﵽʮһ֮࣬ɽѾӽͼĹʦҲ仯ˮоҪ¶һ±ǽˡ
뵽һЩһЩΧƽһУƺһϮ
ˮȰ褸ʯԼǰƽû𻯵Ȼڴǽ
ʵˮֻʶҲ߱ǽֻˮʯӽȥ߾ǽѾˡ
ʯɾʯЩԼӽȥ𾫡ʯȵȣ
һУˮʼȫעĶ챱ǽ˺ܶεľ飬һҪޱȣʯʣ²ˣһѻ¯ƽֱ÷㹻
һζˮܵǽĹŹ֣Ϊôʯ˱ǽǽûκεı仯һ޵׶һ
ˮоҲͲﵽ˱ͣ𾫡꺮ʯҲӽȥžǴǶһؼеɴ䳹ںϣͨ


1172 ɣһʦ֮ӿ
һϸḶ́һˮٴνҵľ磬ϧһδޱȣξǧĴҲǺ
ܿͻһǽûб仯ˮҲϲһֱһǧӵʱʹΣޱȣиһֹӵĹΡ
߸бһǶ˱ʯϧûˣһֱţûҵʵıʯǶǱʯ⣬Ҫûи߼ļʯȻǽ󣬵ͼʯ£ʯǶҲǸ鷳¡
ˮеıǽԻǺġ
ǽصɳ۶ɣ潳ɣǿɱʹߵ屶ʵһľʵɵٶȺ͹ٶȣɵļùٴηɳܵ˺ٶɵģʹô˽һļʵõľϲ
ˮЦˣڵıǽֻھϲķƽܵ˵Ǻǿģǵ̷
ҲǺ˳ûӣֻһɼʳذɳʯ߿衢ںХеһ֡
ˮںˬϱǽʵﵽʮһƣ߲ʵ߱ɵıʵֱˮʵﵽһǧƣþɽֱӴﵽǧٶƣѾĹʦʵ
ƺǿһ㣬ǽֱľٴηһֱӴﵽǧơ
ԭô࣬ĻҪԣӦôˣϽע뱱ǽУһȵӽϷС

ˮ̤ڿžŹλÿһλеıǽһɱըѵһɵĻζ
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ǽĽһ޴ԶֱӳһƬ޴٣ǰڴСûٴ󣬲ǧ׳˴ȴϸʮ֮࣬ɫټ߳ļ̣ͷ顣
ȻСûб䣬ǰӵٶȺǿ󣬸Ӽֱ̣ƻˮо幥ǿܶ࣬ھɽĹȲˮоԺɽһǿ
Ǵﵽһʦʵ΢΢һҪڳǣڳǾͻӴȦԽԽߣûʵûе
ʱѾ΢ˣ¥Ѿ˷ˣ
ڳԷʱ򣬶һ¥һںͼ˵Ż
٣Ҫˣ׼ҴС㣬˵ѧʦ߰ҪҪá
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׼ҲҪˣѧõģһʦ߲Ϊǣ˵ֲɱֻ׼Ҽһ㵨ӣϵǺܳģ˵ģҪЮӾܰŪ
һŲĻ档
٣ģҺǸˣңټң
˿һƽ˵
ϸ磬ǲֵҲ˵Ҿ֪³ţֻһֵҡ
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ң
˾ȵĿһ硣
ȻȻΪҸҶ褣ϸ磬ô褿ǸƷûȤ
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Ǻһ𣿻ȶ֣
˿Һѵ˵Ķҡ
ڼһҲǴңұҲѷɫһ㣬ˣرһɸֵܡ
ֻһζֻһĴ㣬֣Ϊ׼ҶֵѾˣҲ¶Ķ褣ΪҺҶ׼ʧˣҲֻ·һߵһԼ褶ҲȴһԸҺʤˣǾ͸˵ˡ
Ծ֮µľ֪ɾ֧ԼģΪǴˣԼѾ˵뷨ûл᲻ӦԼˡ
٣ȻһȥֻǹʦߣҪӵǾͻݾߡ
ɼ˷ֵǵ˵
㲻õģȻ֣ҼֵģʱϵΪģϸ磬Ҳɣͻˡ
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ãҪҪó֪أ
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ΪʲôҪó֪ԼɾˣΪڼҲˣ㲻᲻֪ɣǴˣ褵˵ҪҪ˵˻˼𡣡
һһͽɫ
Ҳֻ֪һ֧ڼҵĵûôûһôȻҲ֪춯褲ǹؼؼǽܰ׼Ұᵽǹؼ
ǽʱ֣ʧܣ
һ磬綾һĹâ

극ɫ磬Ц˵ˮҹкܲģȥɣ
ðɣ
ˮúܸɴ࣬ʵ٣ǿԴﵽǧٶƣοԼоŹʥʯָӦþеҲӦ
ʰһ¾߳Ҿ¥
磬ϢȺû̫ı仯о޴رˣƺ˶ĸо
ˮߵ褣Ļƺˣѩ׵ļӨ͸ּ
褿ˮԼҲ֪ʲôоˮǰҡҡˮع
˵⻰ʱȻҲǺ峺ṵ̂۹⣬Ǵ͵̬ѾɫŮˣϴѾȥǱŮˣ㱧ʲô뷨ȻͲȥݡ
رϲˮ˫峺
š̫˿۹⣬εĶãĸܵǫ͵ĿⱳϲĿĸо
оˮĿܺãůҲϲ峺۾üǿɫǳɫɰ˶ŮҲǿҵ
ÿͷʱ褶﷢ţָоأڻ̵һۿˮʱ͸оֵУûĸоǵһΣָоϲԲŻˮݡ
վߣһţʱ˵仰ָо֣ûûкԼݣԼܲȻһܲ׽
ͻȻˮ褣ҲԼΪָо˱ʶЦЦߣǴȹְɣ
ЦЦͷȻûǿ󣬵о߻һ̤ʵ̤ʵһ飬ƺָоܱԼ


1173 Ѫ٣ˮ
ˮ绪ŮڴϹۿΧҹƺȻҲʱעǼʶ
ˮר˶ĵطȻ˶಻Ƕ֣һй˼ɣԼһʲôʲôɱ׼ҴС㣬һǾš
ֻҪʱһʱԼͿʹþУʱǾҲ޿κΣھǸʱ仹һʱһ㡣
ˮʱԺ󿴿ʲôˣǲǿԵõ鱨ֱܣת˲ܵڳǣʱƾ͵׼ˡ
ˮе㵣ļ
һ·֮˵
ʱ֮ϻȥȰƽǲܵõЩʲô鱨˵׼׼һء
ˮ˵
ھʹǵƫƧطҸо⼸ʶҲôô򣿡
褿Ц˵ֻǴŶңˮǿܵ
ԣýָܣûġ
ˮһ˿ȵս棬ʵԷʶǿ󣬵սԡ
˺þãȻƺرļѵ˵ҵ㣡
ˮЦЦõңȻʵôԱϲһ԰ﵽ㣬ˣߣȥʲôˡ
ƫƧĵطȥȻֱԶɱһС͵Ⱥɽˮٶȿ죬оǼʶٶҲѸٵļӿ졣
ɽ֮ϣˮ̤նԽԽļʶˣĸ߻ˣһŶңˮһ۾ϳʶ
һ磬ֲأҲأժ¶Ұɣ
ˮЦֱ˵˵ſĸߡ
ǰļʶ⼸ߵģˮо⼸ߺķƽʵ࣬׳ǵĴһҲ֣һڼлвСλġ
ˮʵܵʲôҶ׼ûжĻһǲģô˵׼λΣˡ
һ绺ժͷϵĶңյĿˮСӣˮʲôѵҲ״Сʲô뷨ҲԼԼ뷹
ôѵͲҵˡ
ƽ˵ûп˭
״С㣬Ϊ뿪ٿϵŮûܵģϵѱܿ׼Ҿͻʧ
һ˵Щر⣬ǻһѹֺķ
һֱǿ׼ɫ£ÿ궼Ҫ׼ϽٵĲͱΪ׼׳ǵˣÿ嶼Ҫ׼Ͻջ׼ǺͻϽɡ
ΪƾһҾܺ׼࿹ҼҲ׼Ҷ֣ˡ
ƽ˵
㲻üңȻһңֻҪסļܿͻ군Ϳˡ
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ü㣬ץס㣬ҾͲ㲻˵
ˮһЦ
Сӣƾ㣬컹ôʹɣ
һٺٵĿˮۺݶϷ֮ɫ
߳νˮΧм䣬һվһǰƺػһ磬ͬʱҲ׼ʱӦ䡣
㣬һſֽţһ㣬ʱɱһ˵õҡ
ˮһ䡣
ҪСģ
褴ʱѾóķƽǻҲ˳
ˮó˱ǽһֻһö顣
褴ʱɢƣе㾪ȣž޴ĺҲѻ˳

ˮҲ˳ûñ˸еȣˮʵ䣬˸оˮΪôҲܸܵʵֻǲ׼ȷģǲô롣
ˮŲһֱ̤һ߳ȥͬʱͺһ֣
Ź
ˮȻʵǿڲ;Ź
ֱһ߳ȥ褻ķƽһߵ߳ȥ
лʣһ붯ˮʶһɽ˲ҵǸײȥٶѸ籼ס
ɽĹǧƶ㣬ٶȿ죬еҲһ㡣
Ȼȣеĳ͵Ļػ

ǣ˺һɽҲһͣٴ¡
ˮþŹλҲǿסһˣһ
ϫӡ
˲Χ˾޴һƬ󣬶˶ˮУﵽˮˡ

ˮˮ;ŹϣȻƾռϷ磬һ̧
ӿ
ˣ
еˮ˲䣬Χ˺ɫĿµУˮ־ڳϫӡǿġ
ʱһ˾ɽ褳ȥ
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ŹתǬ
ˮˮбԼƵǿԱߣΧ褵еһλû
ֱ֮߶ʵһλԶûб֮Ŀꡣ
ͻȻ仯ֱսһ㶣Ҳһ㶣ϾͻعˮʱƾɽӺ湥һ̧
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ǰһΣΧı仯֮˲ͱһ䵽ؿڣűľɽײϣȵɳȥѾˡ
һдӿʼҲգ۾ʱ䣡
ǱߵѾɫѿĿȥѾɽһƵⰲҹر
ˣС㡣
һֱûжֵǸ˴ʱ˵ȻͷѾɫҰ׵һ硣
ǾϲĿˮѾ̫ľϲʵǿȴǿߣǲסһˣƺռϷ磬ʵԼûп͸
ˮһгޡ
˼ңİܼӲֵΪ
ˮƽĿˡ
ˣҿƺóӦûʹȫɣ
վһǰ˵⻰ƽޱȡ
ãҽ㿴ҵľ
ˮ˵һǽһָ
Σۣ
׻
׻
һѸپ׻ֱӽ֮߶ͬһʱ䣬˽һǿҵĲ
ˣ
˻һ޴Ƹץȥ
ѾˣɫѪٷĴֱܳӴ׳֦Ľ߲סһ߳ļĵѪĺ⣬Ť䶯
濴ʲôûдֻ֦Ӷ֮ѪûӦñѪ˰ɣ
޴ӡץѪϣץһӡ·𴥵һɢȥѪʧʲôҲʧˣûһĶ
ˮѾޣʱֻʣһߺͺһԼˡ
һİסˣ֮ǧʵĹʦҷ֪߱ˮĻֻ֮дǧƣϱԣĵֿˮľǴﵽǧٶƣ˵ѪٿɲһĿ£ǧƵʵסҲõƤ


1174 ڶ̬Ź֮ڡΪ
ľˮóֵģƷвҲǿġ
ȻϫӡҲǺǿ󣬵ûľɱĿ죬ǿ⾫ս·һĵط
ڸоԼûʶˮ
ߴӳֵʧҲͼҪ֪ǿɲǴײˣǾϲ쳣ܸоһĪ̤ʵУԼֱǲġҲԼĸԵ
ӣҲڼү˾죬ԼҵļôˣɱߣҪʲôʵ̲סеһ󵨺󺰾Ҫȥһߵһ
һӣڼүԴѳһƬѪ߶ûкһֱˡ
ݵĿˮһ۾һĺһεĽӰһˮȥ
Ѫ
ˮҴ⣬֮תʶе͵ػۣһɰľΪһеĶǽǰ
һˮǰɢʧС
ˮһȣΪ˵ǾԺսǰǵѪһĶʦһôɵĽȻ޾Ĺʦ
֪ˮľﵽǧٶƣҿԺ߳ɾ֪᲻Ѫ
ˣеҺܾȣ㻹ǻ
˵ŻóԼıһֻɫȣһЩֵĹϷģͼһ쵵ɫСߣͷĲλŵûʲô𣬾ͷһͷȭͷСȴɢһĸоȿޱȣɢǿҵɱ֮⡣
óԼıһĶˮСӣڹҿٸͷԷΪҿ㲻
һںˮ޵ˣڼҵǿʦҲˣԼҲһʦǹʦߣü֪ԼԻһԣԽԽǷŭǺˮھȥˮʬΡ
ƽ˲ˮҲֻǿ΢΢ȵɫʱţɷƵһμһֻǻʱʱĿԼ
ˮóƽһʵﵽʦ߾ԲСǾǿҲϸǿ
ˮˣ֪˻ᶯֵģ
ܿ죬Χշ·ͻȻһ㣬˶ˣ֧ȾôֱֱˮȥûκλΣˮе־Ȼ֪Ӧ⿴Ƽ򵥵һ
ˮһƬأ˹ȻԼֶΣһʵʦе
褺ǰļֻһʦ۷壬һ˶ʦϾһʦ˲ͬʵʵڵĶʦ
ˮΪóӦһ㣬֪ˣϵ˿ǰþΪǿ߻ߣڳܾԻȽ
˱ΪһѪٿشˮģû뵽Էɻ⣡
ɽ
ٿأɽֱӵסˣ

һ죬ɽ俪ˮǶ㿪һ
ٴһӣ
ˮˣ
϶һʵʵսףܺصоԺᣬΪˮһ϶

ǻĵڶֻ̬нڵĻŻĳΪģһ̬ͻԪף˵ǸʱĴ˵Ҳ١
ˮ벻ͨΪ˼·ӦһʼףΪ޵ģ½ϵĻȫһʼΣŻסսȹģεĻϵӵʵͷֱӺʱֱӹϵ
˵ĻԺǿ󣬲ս̬ʵһγڶ࣬ڷϻӣǾӡ
ǰ˵һˮҲǸܵܶණǰ㲻һǿҵĸоһͨ˸оԼôҲ׸һ
˽³һһΣʶˮ֪ҪԼչĹˡ
֮
ǿĻֱ֮ӽʵֱ˵ɫһ䣬ˮ˫۹Źָӣ̫ԵˣûôǿŬ˼ξȻ޷⡣
Ӱ
˵Ӱһ·ʧһˮоͷƤһһ̤
Ź֣
ˮʶһţΧֱӽŹ֮ڣסߵ褣û뵽˾Ȼٶô졣
Ź֮ڣΪ
Ȼǵһα֣еţ֪ˮΪİȫоԼȫ
Źһγɣˮ̸оߵٶ˺ܶ࣬ھŹ֮˵ǳûˣƴٶˮ£ھŹ֮Уʵ̫죬Ա
˿ˮٶȱ죬һԵľӰھȷ϶ǺԸԸľٶȣû뵽һǰûˣرǻһˣֱڳĴ
ӡ
ˮǽһ̧
һ޴̨˵Ͽգһɾ޴ӳϡ
һӡ
ĿٶȺͷӦöԷжܵ޴Ӱ죡
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̨ɢˣ˿ˮʱѾ˻ǰֱ٣ǰѾٶȱˣֲƽо
߳
˵һӰˮеһָһ޴ˮȥԴ޴ӣɫΣɢһ͵۷ζ֮γˮ
Ǵһסˮ·ߡ
𽣣
һɫĽӰߣ
ɽ
ʶݾɽϵȥ
ǿ˲˲ֻľҪһʱ䣡
ޣ
ˮǽžžĳߡ
ٶȲ޳ƺû̫Ӱ졣
˱óڻﵽڶ̬ǴǿԴţ˾ڹꡣ
ˮǸƣô
Ѿҵɢٿؾɽˡ
ϧΪֻ̫࣬żͣһ¡
ֲԸǰ˼Ҳ˵һ룬ǸǰҲ˶֣һʦ۷ͶʦĲ
һУΪڽͲôһ㣬ҪٶȣٶٿԽɹ˿ء
ˮھˣ褱ţֿµٶȣѾսʱĿרעˮ
𽣣
𽣣
콵
ľ٣

ˮͣĹҪˣˣֻܴսˣ


1175 ˵ġ˴ӡ
ʨӡ
˴ӡ
һˮ𺳵ӱǽĽӿԽԼϿɣһŴľ˴ӡ
ȻѾ׼ڿˣ
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ʵʵھԵʵǰһжǲ԰ģˮϣ͵ԼʵӺܶࡣ

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褰ڰֱӴˮŲǺԶĴȥǰһЩǿߣһ㾭ҵˣм䶼һЩСӣٺԺǶ̨䳡ʲôġ
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ʱûв´ĻӦڴĴ
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ĴǳĵãǰǴİкܶΣӦǼٿĵطƽʱҲﴦһЩ顣
褴ˮãʹ˾ʯģرļ̣һһЩҶⶫġ
һˮһ䳡յߴ󣬴ʱһۿԶվһˣǸоſģΪɢһµ


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ˮоͲܺС褺ǲĳӳŮ;ԲСݣΪٶҲˣഺҲܱܳʱ䡣
ʦ𣬾ͼĹʦҲһǧԪʦǧԪʦƺڶˮҲ֪

褿ܹȥֱӱסǸƽˣˮ뵽ѺԼĺӣҲǡ
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·ŮˮСһ㣬׻ƣȻܹ֣飬ܴ󷽵ˮһˮ硣
ķ褺ݵĸףһ䣬õ㣬е䣬ΪеƧҲǺܿĺˮкЦӲ
ˮ磬֣ҸôЦĴĹҲ˲ŻЦģƽʱЦ̫ˣδ޶û
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ԭô󣡡
ʶˣɣΪˮϴил
׶ٴкҡ
ˮһӦ׶ȽļӰɡ


1178 ʯ֮̿
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ˮĴǾ޴ѣӱҲ˵ΪǿⴸˮʶеļЩʵǺ׼ȷ񱱶ǽϬ񽣺ķƽҲʲô˵˾ͺͶͶйϵ
Ȼһζ쵫Ǻ˳ҲˣķƽϵһģսױȽϺأӷܷ󣬳֮˼˫ѥӣѥϵ̵Ǽ¼סսȹҲˣΪ׼ģսĵҲģܹ˴ʧˣԻ׼
ѵԱ𱱶ǽִһ㣬ֻɣĵǺķƽ࣬󻹶˸ٶȺ͹ٶӶɡ
ҪһٶϳԿɿֲܶ࣬ټһ˫ѥӦÿʵӺܶ࣬սӸࡣ
ʱˮõ׼ĲϣһԭϺܲʯ
⻹һϡвϣԴٶ
ϲ࣬˳֣ҼʯɹļʻѾﵽٷְ١
󣬿ˮҲʺ⡣
ǽʹߵ屶ʵʹһľʵɼʹʹߵĶٶȺ͹ٶȣжɼùٶȺٶٴηʹô˽ļɡ
ƼףһɵļƿԷһķսסƿ̶Ⱥʹô˽йϵͶֵʵҲйϵ
һѴ̿ʹõһǿˣټһ˫ѥӣʵѾֲܿˣ򶼲һʤ䡣
̿ڵɱµģ


1179 ڣ̿ţԶ
һҲҪȥʱˣǣ˵ǰԼĴִ¼֮Ŀ˵ǰµġ
ȻҲʵģÿ˶Լ˽Ҳ˵Դ˶֪ʲôʣʲôʣЩʲġ
ʱˣѾԳԵڶˣ褸Լһξ޴Ļһ뵽Լʮ֮ڽʮ꣬Լʵһڱʮʵ࣬ˮǿֲĴڣֽ׶ξǿֲĴڡ
һʵʵڵıʵһټЩʱһ࣬ⲻܱȵġ
ʵʵҪģ;սķӡʶĿܲɷֵģսʱҩֻǴʵӣе԰ףϰˣʱ䳤ˣȻһʼЧǺܺãرΪĴӣΪʱҩʵʱܶ࣬Ȼֲƿزʮɵʵֻܷ߳ɡ˳ɣԼʵʱԷӳʮɵ
ڶһˮͳԺĳ˵ȥˣֶһ޴ңдŻ̡
ϣܽȥ
緹Թ׶򸾣ˣҲˣֻɲôϲ˵
һǰԶġҵһ׳Ƕĵش֮һϾ׼ڵ
ǸԼҵʱˮһ£ʵ֪׼ҸԼ׼ģһܺãû뵽ôá
ûʣռؼ㣬ΰϽɫ˵Ĺڸ۵Ľܶ߹ﶼפһׯ԰ܴ֣ⷱشһׯ԰Ҳˡ
ˮ𣿡
Ц˵
⣬ǲе̫ˣʵһС͹ˡ
ˮ΢Ц˵˵ʵҲֻǰڰӡ
ҲãΪԸõĴȻ۳еϣʹų⡣
׼ԼģӦû˻ﵷң˵һºԼʵҲͻͽܶ࣬ǸʱһЩ壬ȻԼƾʦʵӦҲصġ
һжոµģֱӰͿԣ߽ȥֶ̨¯ܵȶһӦȫ
׽㣬ˡ
ˮЦ˵һ䣬Ȼó׼õңƯ޴棬Ҳ㹻󣬹ȥҲʺϡ
̣ˮְֺ
Ŀˮˮ˵ҲΪӵġ
ǺǣǴģݵʱҵһӽлǿ̵ģ֡
ˮ뻹˵˵˳
ҪҵӿҲ֪̣Ѿüˡ
Ц˵
治٣Ҳ
ˮǺЦ˵굽
Ӵ˵㻹洭ˡ
Цţ˵ġ
褵ûʲô΢Цź˵ûݵ飬Ҳ֪ˮǡˡˮʲôʱ׼Ӫҵأ
߿ʡ
ɣǴҪȵ㡣
ˮЦ˵ʲôĶֳɣͥԺʯܷͤġ
ȻûͥԺп¥ˮһȥҲݻˣͬҲոµġ
磬˵Ҫã
Ժһ㡣
£Ҫ֮ˣȵȰɣӦûϢ
Ц˵
ţãܵˮֵܰҰòźãʤʹˣˣˮֵܣддΡ
˷ܵ˵
磬дɣˮֵܻҪ
俴˵
Ǿдˣˣû˼
ٺЦš
ûӮ硣
׻˵žЦ
С֪ʲôǶ´Ͻģֻ踺ء
æ⡣
˶Ц˵ˮҲЦЦҰʲôˣдòá
úãС䰡ˣд裬һθ粻ˡ
ǺǵЦ
ˮе㺩ЦĶ绹Ǻкøеģֵܽк˭ܴһ
ƽƺҲǵһΣƺҲϲѵһ˿º͡
ƾֳɵģЩԵĳʲôҲȫˮɾܿЩˣˮһֱ׻Ƶ˶ɴ˫۲˼顣
˲ôϡ棬Ϊ澭ҪԼԵģǾȵˮôãôҪķ˵ζֻζѾˡ
Ǻ͵һ𾪣Ҷ޲ڣԺҪˮһʱ»ʳӶС
һʱȥˣˮĻѾӪҵˣÿҲ£̵Ҳܴݡ
ˮڵǰķƽʱЩһĽʵǵ̷
׶ĶонʯȻ࣬Ҳˣˮֻеļӽȥһ㣬ֱǰƷ˺ܶ࣬ǰˣټһʯѾܲˡ
⼸ֱû̵ѸٵĴݣˮļʵе㼦ߣǿ߿ĲʣͼòϣҲˮдֻϡ
ܴ󣬲һЩӵܣЩǿߣܶ˶Ҫˮæ죬ˮƴˡ
ΪидţڽӵίдˣʱίС
Ϊ׼ҵԭҲû˸ҶˮʲôοһǿʦǺܴģԣ֪ˮĵλѾѸٵ˭Ҳһʦ
ˮҪľЧңӴϢǰܱȵģ
ˡ
ˮɴֱӹš
ˮֵܣҵ𣬱ʱ䶼ˣҪս
еļ
ˣʱ䶨ʲôʱˣʱҸǴȥ
ˮЦŰѻսԼսѥݸһʵ
һº󣬸պһµʱ䡣
һ˵һȲĽӹ˫һܣ˫ôģ˷ܵ໽
˵磬ɣ
׻ƲĽе
ƺ˲ЩȻսףһֽУŴսѥĿɿڴĿ䣺дд衣
һкɢƣսסѥϵЩµķģֱúܶ˶Ǵסʵֹһǰ㣬ɢֻϢ˶Ǵһ
ĿƺӦˮʱ˵磬ٶȿһҲ죬ҪЩٺͶȰɣ
ˮЦŰһݸӹһУûдɫҲǿƲסĳ鶯һ˷ܣˮܸмЦлл
һƺأˮҡҡͷЦţֵܣͲô



1180 һ£ʦ֮·ˮǿʵ
磬дд裬ģһġ
ѵô˿Цһ˵
죺Ⱦͱȣ˭˭á
ҲЦŲ˵ʲô˱ڿն
Ҳȥ
Ц˵
˶ûκ飬ǣ߿գߵգõսطǷҲν
һԾ޴ġѡս˶˺棬ߴ࣬ټһؼףһսһ
෴޳ϵսײؼףֻҪλȽϺʵλһܸһѽ͸ļǽɢɱ⡣
磬ְɣȻܱġ
ͷʾ
Ҳûпֱó˻Ȼʵǿûдﵽĵڶ̬һֻ޴紩ɽһӰ
ͬʱҲʩչ˻ˮ۾һһֻӰͲȴһ鶯֮ӦǴٶȵģֻǲ֪ʵЧΡ
ܶ似ͬĻǺܴ˷ʧȥٶȣٶֻʧȥ͹
񴸣
˫һ٣ʱһӴ·𱻾һԵĸܵʵ᲻٣ƺҲһȦ
ɽ𻢣
Ӱƶٶ죬һһûлĶһ򵥵һˮЦˣԼĻԸٶȿЧġ
ƺҲһ£ӦǱٶȾģӰæһĺеϸĵϣٶȼӿܶࡣ
߳
ӰͻȻһͻһֻ޴ĴӴһӰѸ籼һ䡣
һҲǿٶȿ죬ٶҲǴһʼȻƵЩæҡ
ƺõһйһʱı޴Ļ߿衢ںХǸպñܹҲֻʱ֪ٶȶô¡
ˮ˶ܿϤʵս飬ͬڶٶͶܣżҲṥ
˵ս˶ЩڣѾҪˮʲôˣʵڲ˼ٿڣǿ֪ҪܳʱģǵҲ˼ſڣŲſھ˵ˣϾһαȶˡ
󲿷ʱ䶼ڽڵֵֵҲǲϵĳֻ߿ʲôģʱҲˡ
ǷʱڵֵʱشˣٶȴǣһĲƺѶ㿪ʹ˻ܵһˡ
ˣˣѾˡ
ţѾ߿Ūˡ
ֱܵˮſ˫۾һܱ̫лˮϵܣһδҾġ
仹ǺĵлһκȶûнԼʵӣٶҲûоʩչ
Ȼѥӣʵٶȱǰ˺ֹܶ࣬ûзж٣֪ӿ¡
ȥ䵽̣׻ȴ죺ˮ磬ҶôʱˣôҲøɣ
ˮ׻ЦˣµŮǺϲģ褽СһڼʵóһǸĸֳ㣬ý㶼Ǻܳ
ˮóһսȹѩ׵ѥӣսѥһֻһŮӴġ
ôأֻ㺰Ҹˡ
ˮ˵ŵݹȥ
Ҿ˵ˮˡ
׻üЦ˵ţµСһ
ӦлԵĹɣɣȰŪһ
ˮ֪Ӳ㶫Ҳʲô
褺ȻҲУǺˮƺоһһִһûж룬ʵ֪褴;һȫˡ
ӹˮս׺ѥӺЦ˵ˮֵܣҾͲҪˣһ׼ʤ˺ܶࡣ
ǾԼ׼Ǵңʵ֪Ӧû׼ģЩΪһʦ֧ǵġ
ǵֵܣʲôʦʦģȻ֧ǣҲֻ֧һĶʵǿˣҲǺٺ٣һЩҪϣ˵ǺٵģǵѾǷⶥˡ
࿪ЦȴǺ˵š

һ£ԣǾҪչˣϣһʱͻƣϾһαǺΣյģԸǹϵδ
Ǳչˣˮ͸ˣһֱסڻ̣ʲô죬Ҳͼѱ¼ףֻ
ˮŬ䷳ˮһֱѭǱȷɣɣ㹻ʱ䣬ʱǰʲôǲ԰׵ġ
ʱˮҲ뵽۳뵽ǸħŮˣżҲ뵽ˮҲֻǲ²ݣڲţݶ֪
뷨ҵˣΣҪĸǰǷĸ׵ġ
ʲôɶУ
Ϊţ
Ҳˣ˵˼һֲʵҲûд˼ɼ˼񣬽ԺܶʱˮԼҪ룬÷ȥе˼ʱӳϰߡ
ʱһܵĥ
ˮûôõ׾׶͸ԼģǳеĲϺǻԵļƷϡ
׻ƵʵǿҲڲ£׼ҵĴкǿ󣬵ҪʺԼ˵ĻԵԡ

ܿͿҪһˣһ׼ҺҴΧķзܶʵ׳ǻ۶뿴׼Һҵһжǿ
ˮɾз˵ھſʱˮĿȻʣһˮıʵǴﵽ˶ʮơ
ԼʵˮԼе㼤ʵʹñǽѾﵽ˲ǧƣɽǴﵽµĽǧƣµǾΪǽԭֱˮľﵽǧ˰ٶơ
Ҫڷκͷ۵²ܴﵽʵ
һȻڵ褸ʱ뵽ˣӵʵʱ˷ޱȡ
ˮʵоԼ϶ʦ¶ҲӦһս֮һˮԸоԼĵƺһ㡣
ʶе嫵ľˮоر㣬ֱʱŸоԼ̤ʦ硣
һϵĸо
Լڲһλʦʦ
ɫѾˣǱʱˣǽӦҲó˰ɣ


1181 ĸ油ң
ոսˮͿˣһƺ˱ϴθһ㡣
ˣоôһԵ㡣
ˮЦŴк
ǾԵģһûгˣ붼ĻŻš
ٺٵЦ
ţˮϵܣʵɲⰡ
࿴ˮЦ˵
Ļ˶Ŀˮ֮кܶһʱˮǳһͨһֵ֮
֮УʵǿһҴ壬¾׼ļ壬֮ڣﵽʦѾһڣ⻹м崫УȻҲ롣
ˮʵһʱˮܵٶҲ˺ܶ࣬ԺԼٶҲܲ࣬ʲôͻƾͻʵͻһЩ
ʱ䣬еͻƣ
ˮİѻȻĸӣʵҪϲ١
ˮˣҸ£ǣ硢ɡλˮ
ǽܵ
ˮһѾ֪ˣ˵ˣ֪ĸǲˣ֪˱ʲô
Ǻã
ˮĺǴкֻǶԷе㲻ôˮˮе֡
ˮ⣬ûбֳʲôк˽뷿䣬ŮҪҪˮЦЦǣҪˣ׻Ƹͣǲ뿴ֻԼ֣ЪŰɡ
ϣֻҪ죬Ͼû⡣
ˮڿ˰Ϊ֣ĸǵõܡ
ƺҲǶǰģＸ˾ȻֳȦһ
ЩˮҲ֣鲻֣Ϊ׶죬ԽԽЭٲȫҼбľЩ֣һж֡
ˮɣ˵ǽݽܣ˵㻹˸̡ˮ˵
ţǵģһʦˮЦ˵
ŶʦðܶĻֱӷɻڴˣҲ׼Ҹˣ˸о褽ƺʲôĿġ΢Цƽ˵
˵ʲô褵ľˣĸԸӲģôѵ褵ֲһ𡣡ݲõĿµ
ⲻ˵˵ݵôĻлͺҷҪҳսƽĿ˵
㡭ݱҭ˵
ǲеˣһˡҲе㲻õ˵
ʲô𣬲μӸ˲𡣡ĺȺȵ
˵仰𣬼Ȼӭ߰ɣЦ˵
ֱ뿪ҲûɫܲÿһĳӣЩ黹治̫ԣҲ˵ʲôһ߶һġ
ˮֵܣһ֧һֱ׵ֵܲҪһʶ
಻˼˵
û£ʲô
ˮҡҡͷЦţûиоܿݺΪԼͷѾܿˡ
ʱŮŷ˳
˺ãҾ֪ˮȥ
οˮ
û˵ˮһǸɫ
ҪҪʲô£ǻܻ˵䲻Ļһûио
ˮЦ˵һˮɢһǿҵϢǸ඼е𾪡
ˣԷλСǲһóԣ
ˮ
ǰȥˣڷ·ŵ˵ζȻڶ֪ϵˣǲ⣬ôķ˻Ǻгɾ͸еġ
磬ܸоһκǷִһ֧ûУҶ׼ҷȥ
˵
ã˵
˵
ţҲ˵Ҫǰ׼ų䣬ҵһʵҲǺǿģҪȫ֮ߣǼ˲ܰܡ
˵
ˣ
̾ееѹ֣ΪǸоβֹۣǵһ㣬Ǵȫܡ
²ƺܻܣ֪һ֧һֱں͸һ֧Ͼȡס
ԾˣȳԱ˵ɣ
ߴ˵
֪û油ˡ
ˮЦ˵
Уһв٣
һ油ɣİӮһʤ
ˮ˵
˶һ˿ϲɫǿ֪ˮǿģǿˮܲμӣôʤҪϺܶࡣ
˵ģ
࿴ˮ
Ȼ

극Ѿ͹ˣ׻Ц˵һȥɣ˵ٻҵҲ׳ˣ磬δ޲֪ûС
ã
һ˶ûһˮҲûгţҲųȥ
һ˴ׯ԰ſڳȥŹţʾӪҵΧҲϰΪԭûûܵõӰ죬û̵
һˣŮҲرۣ׻ԸãԾ
ҲҪʲôǵչԺϲֵգʵһڷ˶Ը⵽ߣ˶ʶҲ˭˵ֻҪо
ʵˮĸǣδޣڶܲμӱ˵ûг꣬ʮӦаɣҪһ㣬ﵽ磬ǵĹַ޴仯ˡ
׼ĴоǣδƺǻҵˣһǺܿǿǳصһЩģֻҪЩˣԼеĸܹ
ˮҲ⣬֪ĹŴ¼һЩ󳼵ĹӣҲ£һù¼޵Ĵ󳼾ǳ֮ʲôٶҲһҲһֺЧֶΣ˫İԴһЩ뷨ѿ
ͻȻվסֱֱĿԶǼŻĹ˵Ц
ˮҲˣɫӦÿԲµԷӦҵˣӦûôӦԲ²ЩŮˡ
Ӧǻҵ˰ɣ
ˮ²ţʱ˵Һӡ߹ʲôʱߵôˣ
ʱԷƺҲˣ΢Ц߹ȥӡ߹ʲôʱģôҲ֪ͨ¡
ˮһˣ̸Ӣȴ˵İ˵һһ˵ĸ߹ˮоӦҵĴйԭ
߹һȹɫû˵ݣ߹󷼻ϹŵЦݣһ˵ӺݹŮ˸˸оʲô鶼ûйϵʱȤĿһˡ
ϸ磬δ߹𣿡
ˮСʵ
ǣ幫
ˮŶһȻǼҵˣӦú˵Ͳ࣬ΪҲƺ£ٱˣоЩӦҲǲսˣȻǺͻҵ˽Ӵ


1182 è壬Ȼʧսʼ
ⲻһͱǼˣҪ´ΰɣ´ҵŰݷ׹ӡ
˺ǺǿЦ
ңңӡ߹æλ
æ˵
úãǾͲˡ
磬Ҳˣһ¡
߹û뿪˵
ûκα仯Ц˵Ҳãͺ׹һɣ˻׹ӵġ
Ӻһ뿪ˣһʼ˺ҵ˾û˵࿴ûУˮǰѶԷ˿˸飬Ӻ߹Ҳû©
Ǻܴ󷽵ĿǣӺ߹ҵ˶ܿʹҲΣΪˮĿ̹Ȼ߹Ҳһ˵ɡ
Ҳԭ߹ڼ俴ˮҲΣȻȻ˵ʲôҲʲôرĸоǸо˵Ŀ峺е죬ìܵ죬üǺüɫӡۺ죬˫۾ȴǺ峺еɣ
ˣ߹ȴ
׹ӣȥǰߵȵȰɣܿ͵
߹Ц˵
ЦݺܵҲţһ˵ζȴ˵Ŀ⡣
ã
˵Ȼˮˡ
߰ɣ˶ֻ֣ǲ֪߹鲻⡣
Ц˵
׹˵ˣҿǺϲύѵģôҽ𣿡
߹Ц˵
߹ֻʶݡ
æϽܣֻǽܵˮʱ߹е⣬˾Ȼ׼ҵˡ
߹һʦܸʶ㡣
ܵˮʱ΢ЦŴк
ģ㶼ʲôء
߹ƺܺ档
¼סʲôģڲԶһ̣ҿģ߹ҪҸۡ
ˮæƼǸᣬԼЧӦò
߹һ㶣Цˣû֪ݺ󻹸ôŻݵġ˶Ҫ˸Լۣоͦ˼ġ
æЦ˵ˮЦģȥ˾ѵġ
ۣСܲⱾɡ
ˮǺЦ˵ĺ档
СŮӶлˣһȥʦ￴
߹ЦǺǵ˵
е㲻ˮе㵣ģԷǻңҵˮж˭˵һֻҪʱ乻ã͸֪жĵ̣оܷôҲ˵׼ҵһһǿźܸߵĵλɶо޴ãʱܷͺˡ
˵һ˹ͷһŮӺһˡ
ĸ硢㣡
߹Ϊ׵˴кƺرĿġ
ôء
Ůӿ߹Цʡ
Ůӳ춯ˣرһ˫۾еһۣˮ֪δޣǺ޸ǰ幫ܴ󷽺ţŮģİһʱ㹻꣬еŮˣ֪ܵûС
ˮ뵽ǶĹǵŮˡ
ڵأôǰһǻ뿪ġ
߹Ц˵
ͻ˵
ʱѾĻ˵ϻˣˮĻӣһֿݣһָоؽˮܸоܳɴ¡
ţҪҸ¥ѵþһ𡣡
Ů˵ǵĹϵѾһˡ
Ҳã
ĻҲͷӦһֱڸһ¥׼ҵĲҵԺܷ㣬ֱȥ¥һ㲻⿪ŵġ
ˮںΪѾԿ϶ӺĻӲͣǶһվұһվ׼ұҵĶڱƶġ
ﶼǾҡ
Щ˵Ľ˵һĽڻܴԵļ壬Ժ˵׼ˣԵļҲԤ֧֣ȻǰǱϿɡ
幫δޣҾ˵ܿҪˣĻӺ幫ͬͬĸҲԭǺ׺ס
࣬СģһܸоǺг񡣡
幫˵
Ҳое㲻Ծ֪ܲܲµĵҲое㲻̤ʵ
е㲻Ҳоˡ

һʱȥˣ׼ҺҴӣص׽һ̨
׽һҲϵεһ֣Ȼ˵Ƕ̨սڿУǰѾкܶǰռλˡ
׼ҺҵսͶҸ˲˼Ķע˭˭ƺ׼ҲƽЩʵһУνƽ
׼Һҵ˶ڣѾڶ̨Χźܶ񣬿֪ͨһЩ˵ݡ
׼˲٣˲ģ׶컹һЩҲڣһεսҪսԼʱܶϷͽܷʱǱΣҺпܱӱƵá
վˮߣƺ˵ʲôû˵ˮǲʱĿǡ硢ɺˣԷҲʱĿԼϵķЦ
ˮͨЩ˵ƺʲôΪЩŲмЦƺڿɵһ
׽㣬˻ܻܲ
ˮʵ
ǼԻĸС
褵ĻˮƺоʲôЦ˵ǼֻȫʤʤһˣͰˡ
褴ģӦҲ֪Ϊû̫ĳԾʱҲˣ˵һ¡
̾΢Ц˵ֻʤô󲮵óѣˣʲôҲûˡ
ˮо׼ҵЩӦвҲ֧һ֧ģȻûʱ׶֡
磬оǼȫʤ𣿡
ü˵
ԷȳĻӦò࣬ϾǵʵӲ٣˫һȳһе
ˮ֪ܵʱֱȥԷǿġ
ʤ㣬֪ҿɲԲμӡ
ˮһʵһԼΪ˲òμӾ͹Ǻˡ
û⣬ֻҪ䲻һͿԣ涨ǿһԮġ
˵
ͺãһôҲ֪ˡ
ˮЦ˵
ţ֪ˣӦɣ

һ˻ڶ̨ϣһ°ɫӣ뷢԰ףӰ˵ϸߴ󣬵վ˸оһѹ
ǻģεս֣ö˵ˣųǩ˭С˭ȳ˫һΣһ˭ʤξʹһʤˣʼǩ
˵꣬ǧǩڿз裬һֻǩӷ׼ңҲһֻǩӷҡ
˫ʱ׼һģȴ塭
չأ׼ҪȥһˣŶԷˣˮе㲻ˬһҪȴʧˡ


1183 սһʤŮ
ǩ󣬰չ涨Ҫ׼̨׶˿ߣ࣬α
ˮҪϳ𣿡
࿴ˮʵ
ϣֹһΣļζҪϣֻһϣʤ²ⲻĻĸԲһ˻ȡʤġ
ʱˮҲٹ˼ʲôǰǵѾʲôˡ
ã
ƽ˵ȥɣϣܸ׼Ҵˣ
ʱ˲ˣôͲԩǣԩˣԼǸã뿪ˡ
ǵǺܴ󷽵˵Ҿ
žķɵ˶̨ϣܿԷҲһݵ˷ȥеḡ۽̣˵ġġòЩŮˣرŮܴ
󸣬ϣ̨飡
ǣָ̣
˫ǺܿնһףһѳͬҲǣҲǳܿͽˡ
ǵսǴսǽ뽣ײٶȺܿ죬ϵĴײܿ콣Ҳˡ

ʹ˻һֻڴһӰϵĴһֻܴһʵ
һʹ˻ԷȻҲʾҲʹ˻
ԷĻˮ֪˵ΪʲôˣΪĻһֻ޴Ӱ
ɣ
޴ĽӰڲˮûĽôֲҲ֣ҲÿǵĻΪʱǱѹŴ
һʱ䲻Ǵ˴ӿе䣬ȥʱ򣬱׼һסһ׼ˣ
˶ʲôԵĵطƣƺҲȫˣʤս߳£ʧ˲£С
ʤˣսʼһʱҾһʤǱߴ෴׼еͳ
Ȼ˵սԸ䣬һһֳ裬Ժٻ䣬õĽıȥ
гҲԸ
м侭ݵͣٺһˣգʵҲǿֻƾоѾԸо
ҵߣΪĺΪҲǿ󡣡ˮ˵
˭оսʤһҪˡˮ˵
ȥɣ˵
ȥɣ滹Ҫģսʤûа취ˡˮ˵
ãϣսսѣֱӳڶ̨ϣˮоĺֻҪסˣսʤԷ⡣
磬סססӮˣҪʤˮ˵
ţˮֵܵġ
ߣ׹Ӵͽ̣յ˿ЦϲԸԸˣ±ǿһЩ֡
룡
߶ˣµĲܵ꣬ߵֲ֮һϸ͵ĳ࣬һӰ
΢΢³ɫӰһת޴ֱӺ٣

ֱӱĴӺȥӦǱӵĶɷļʴɵİɡ
Ŵһ

һٶޱȵ߳ȥ
ǰӦû뵽ٶô죬û뵽ôȻжϵܵһЩˡ
Ҳǿź죬뵽ˮ˵ȴڿ߱ˣǺصʹ˻ٳ˹ȥ
ɫ䣬æҲͬʱִٺ˵ֵ
ߵĻȻߣһޣ޴߷˻˻˲ߵ͵غʮס
ն
ͻȻҲһӰ߳ȥʶסߣѾ޴һһתŴž޴ߡ
ݡ
ƿըһ
߿衢ذںХ
һǿռȻһȫڸֱӱЩвʱĺм仹ŷĹ
ء
һʱ߿裬ʲô侲ʱѾһϢ棬࣬٣ܻܲ˵
ҵɫѿˮɫĿǼˣɫҲ쳣ѿ׼Ǻܿģǰһֻһε˹
ܵ˵һ̴úܾʡ

ãʵʲôʱôǿˣǰЩ󶯾ƺĹɣ
һߵĸߴδ޿߹˵
ĻҲǾȵĿ߹
Ҳ֪ٿɣδиʦ˵ȥʲôĻŻݡ
߹ֵ˵
Ŷô˵㻹ҪȥʦܸôۣӦúŻˡ
ĻӺǺǵЦ

׼ʤһһ׼Ҹϳˣֱӿ磬ǰʤˣһ֧Ҳ˵ʲô
ܲһֱϰɣҲһɣ
ͻȻ˵
ܱ֤ʤһҾͿԴӦ㣬
΢Цſɡ
ɫ䲻ȻĲҰһ£΢΢ͷ˵ʲôڳ˵еè壬Ǹޣ׼Ҳк޵ΣԼУǰÿ˶ԼĹйһ
ڶ̨ϣ
ʱ߳һߴˣһɫսףһѾ޴նɫƺܷŭ

̨ûбֱӿ˵
䣬о𣿡
Ц˵Լĳ
ʵܸ
ս׵˵һֵĻ

һ޴ĺУһֻɫͷӰ֡
Ҳʹһֻǣ޴ɫͷǰоеС
ҽ֪Ǻ֮Ĳࡣ
˺ѵն
ս׵ƺһӸߴܶ࣬һɫĹֱӽסžһ޴ĵֱӺ
һ޴ɫӰǿҵĸʴ֮һִ̱ǵζ
ɫ䣬ΪԼ嶼ܶŴƺں䣬ϧûһ˲£ƺе
أ
ֱʧˣʲôûһһʦȻɱˡ
һγ˶ݵĳĬȻԸһǹɱˣǳɱˡ
Ȼ֪˿ܹˣɱ϶ڴ׼ҵ
һκܿҾһˣһǸŮˣ磬ֻһ˫۾ûа˫ںīر۾֮ɭĸо۾طǺΨ˫۾̫졣
˭ȥ
ʵȻҲɼˣһβȥԷȥˡ
ѾǴˣһʤϳʵҲԽԽǿˣˮеûס


1184 ʤһ
ѾǶһʤٳһʧܿ˵ûκϣˣ̨ϵŮ˺ܹ죬ûס
ɣ
ͻȻ˵
㣬û´ĻǸŮóر˫۾оûаա
ˮбҪѡ
Ҿұ֤Ҳ䡣
˵
ɣסҪע۾գ۵ʱ䡣
ˮ˵óһö塣

ֻܸоһɵǹǺǿȴرĹӣԼŴ
ϰɣӾ;ػӦÿеãסҪսپҪϡ
ˮѵ
û˻СˮΪһµʱǷˮʵܿ£жǿҲǶˮرĺ棬ǸоˮʵӦúĶйϵӦһϵңһде֡
лл㣡
΢Ц˵
ҲôԺһҪء
ˮЦ˵ʾȥˡ
ͷһķɵ˶̨ϣŮ˶û˵ҵŮһ£ֻ˫۾Ŀ¡
򣬳ģ˸оеΣգ΢ЦеΣգóһӣһɫıӣӤֱ۴֣պһգ׳
µŮóһȣڵȣȴһŹͷһŮ˱øɭ
ˮüоŮ˺Σգ˵Ӧǫ̂ģѵʲôԭ
Ѫ
ӰһΣ·һһƮеİ쳤һֱһŮˡ
Ů˹һӣһɭȻ׹ǽǰ
ˮŮ˳ֺһŮ˵ĹԺܶʵƺУҲγԭǿӦˡ
ۣ
ǽ飬ʱһ޴İ׹ǻſһɵζӿǱźȻоˣʱһͷоϮ
һоò֪ʱ򣬲ϴŵǿ崫һֱ֮ӳɢ˻˯ĸо
֮յıܿǶ׹ǻ
ŮƺӹԼĹܾȣٴһӣһˮһս״ϣ·ǰ׹һɫȹγĶԱȣ죬һ˫ںڵ۾ƺĺڹ⡣
½๦ԶţϰʲôĹ˳ԾǰŮ˵Ĺˮа칦ʵЩһģֻǿֻ֮֡аˣûаĹ

ĸŮ˵Ļ
ˮû뵽Ů˵ĻҲ˵ڶ̬ȻֻǿﵽϾǵڶ̬һŮ˵
ڰ֮
ŮһӣһһߴСɫĻȥٶȲ죬ȴǷ·һ
ӰѸٺˣͬʱһͬҲǻ
ˮٴһ㶣Ҳǻڶ̬ƺоʲôǿڶʦʵƺܴﵽĵڶ̬ǲҲȷ
ˮҲ֪ĴǸŮˣԭʵǿᡣ
ɫĻſµ
Ѫ裡
ɫѪ˲ʹһѪľһŭԽԽ󣬵һӴǺɫͱϵĸʴ
ʴܿҷһɺɫѪŨҵƺҪˮһɫžγţתһһĳĺŮˡ
ڰޱߣ
Ů˷һļУ˫һڹȥͬʱһͬŨҵĺɫһˮһͺɫһ
ԣ
޴ıڵĵ䣬ҲǽɫЦݣǰһŮ˺ͫһ뵽ˮĻæ㿪ǵĿ⣬ʱѾŮ˳һ·һ·ıӰ·ڻɵġ񡱵ϡ
űӰ֮ÿһϵƾһ֣뵽ˮĻҪҪսپ
ڷɿıǣеѪѾһ˿ɫ׵磬ņѾӳ˺ɫ
Ѫն
˿ݹǣ
ŮҲʾĻƣΧѾ˰ɭɭĹѪγ棬һʺ죬һҰף
ƣ
еѪͻȻһ޴ĻһĺɫѪ׷µϵѹֱźɫ·ŮԼΧɭɭ׹ȥ
ء
ƺһƬ֮Уֱֱӳ˰ʱ䣬ֻܸܵϵƺ;޴ĺеľ
ȿл谵һɢҶ˫ۣһգգĿţ뿴˭վǶڣ˵Ƕڡ

վ˿Կҡҡ׹ӰеľȣеϲáʤŷأһؾһѪ
ˮѸó룬ֱ˺󱳵ıĴ˵׽վһûˣжˡ
ƺûиоˮĶͻأ
ллˮҹӮˣҲˡ
ƺرĿġ
ô
ˮЦſҲ֪˻ǻ˷ܣĵһƬΣŮζ
ڴĳˣƽˣֶ֣֪ô򣬶ˮоеˡ
ʱѾٽ磬ԽˣҲ˫˼һ¡
һŻȥ˫˶ܶû뿪ۣڸжȹʱ䡣
˵׼һʤһʤ
ǿû׼ڸܣ˵׶һ֧׼֮⣬׼ҹǹҺӣһ׼ҹǺ˵׼ĳǱġ
׶ôʲôô׼ʧȥܶࡣ
ʧȥܱܶûԼλǿȻ׼׳ǵλû½ٱ״ǿҲǸᡣ
ҿǻɣ˵׼ȥͻᵹù
ģ˵лҵ˸Ԥ

ˮһ˻ص˻̣ܵ˵˻ǺܿĵģһԺʯȲ衣
ҲڣȻеѾˡ
ǻҪذ
̾Ҳ֪ΪʲôǰˮɱˣһѾ֪еèˡ
׽㣬пܣһ򡣡
ˮЦ˵
ˮȻܸо褵ʵӦñʲôսԽԽǿ
ԥĵ˵ͷǺˮûĸоָ֪оòãе㲻ϰߡ
ϣˮɾһʵһƣʵƽӦþͻˣЩĽȴǴһЩĿʼ
ˮоԼѾ˽ˣԼں׼ĻѾһϵˣԼûоʵ֮ǰԼҪСġ
Ѿǳˣʵûκα仯֪˵ĻӶʵ֪ʲôʱĻԽڶ̬
Żʣµһˮȥϣͻƣˮһϣģһȥ


1185 ˫Բˮĵڶ̬ʵ
һˮϥһߣĸţ̫С˵ˣǰǳ١
һůĸоڵһĸоˮĶˣԼ֮ˮоԼһأ

һ˵лǵе޺һһֻ޴Ľɫ񣬺ҲСǧףչ˫ǵأڹؼ·ؼס

ǽֵӦеɣ˫һչһķҡֱϾ
Ȼˮ룬ǰֻҲƣ޴ͷ­ƯȴϬһ˫۾޴¥һĿʵʣϴοɫƺҪǿ٣ǰӦòǿְɡ
Σ
չᣡ
ˮ˫һգգĿţۿŽɫ˫һֱһٶȺۿɼֻ̾Ϊֹ
ˮһܶһֱеΣﵽƿһƺڶ
ˮˣӰķλǾŹǴչϽƺʶľٶȴÿһԡ
ˮ۾һֱſеĽɫζʱ䣬ˮĽŲԽԽһŽɫ̤֮ʱܵƺһˣһϴֱ߲ʵС
һˮܵ˫ʮѨͨЩѨˮͨѨһһͨʮһ߲ʵ
ôӦ߲ʵʵֵõֻˮ˲١
ˮҲ֪չﵽԲ硣
ɫƺиӦһٴչһ󣬾ſһƬ𺣣ˮһֱڱĻ𶼲ôðϿԵֿ߳ɾڿ𺣣оԼȥܻܿɻҽ
ʵ̫̫ˣ뵽ֻϹ껹ɫһεģ
ջ˼ŴʩչĻ棬֪һλӦʶеγģյĽվһ
ˮʶеڻ϶ϸһˮˣֱʵҲ֪ˮܵʵͬ
ޣ
ˮһδĻѾǰıˣһֻɫһǰĻƺ̺ܶ࣬ĿֲȴǷ˷츲صı仯
ǻ
ˮǰĻ裬ȫû޵ķʽ򹥻ֱӵʽЧġ
ˮԽԽҲһʶеҲУһ㣬Ǳĸܼǲͬն
أ
ʶһȫըһǿѸٳӯˮУ߲ʵУ
ʶеƷֿһβƬƣһСһըһСճ˻ľˮе𺳣
ɫʧˣˮҲѹһֻþӦһʵĻþΪˮԼʵõ޴綼˺ܶࡣ
֮Բ
չԲ
һֱˮһξȻ˫˫õԲûĸоԼʵӶ٣ˮεһսˡ
֮ӡ
˫ֽӡĻӰй
ܼܺ򵥣ˮһ¾ͣСɣܽйҲһ顣
ͣаֱӴˣʮƣ֮ĺʹչȻñʵ
ݹзκΣǽڷκεĴڣ뵽ӵƺҲܽˣһ߲ʵˮҲǴġ
ʮֱʮʵ
ˮԼе㽩ӲԼƽȻűǽǸԼʵ

һֵĲֺˮԼһ׽ӲӵսףͷһĴؽܵͷģڶ̬һġ
Ҳ뵽˵ڶ̬
ˮϲĿԼ׽ӫתĻһɿµʵԭڵıٴεһ;
Ÿսڶ̬ȻˮˣһˮʵѾ˷츲صı仯
ֻñǽˮʵѾﵽǧƣӦǽ뵽˶ʦ˰ɣȻսҲҪʦɽһǧơ
Ϊڶ̬ӦǸ־˵ˮǿʦ𣬲ˮʦսҪȱĶʦҪǿܶࡣ
ֲĻˮľȻﵽˮе㲻˼飬Ҳʶһɱ䣬ľѾﵽµһǧơ
ˮվãǰʵֱٴηһңһεʵûκεĲʣΪоԼľȫﵽˡ
ʱ䣬ˮڲͣжȹ󲿷ʱ䶼ڴ̫ȭ̫ǿʢֿȭˮֻƾͿԴµ
ͻȻ֮ˮԼӰƺߴ٣һŵϢ壬һַ·ӹʶɢ棬ϲָо
ڳǣӴҲ᲻ϵر仯ͻҴ򽻵ָоѾ֪ĽӵˣһͿ֮أʵҲһֱϣһıϡ
ĿڵƷ·𱻳嵭˺ܶ࣬Ҳƺ˺ܶ࣬Լȱʱ䣬ƺֺȱʱ䣬ȰһعȥȻԼ鷳
Լ׼һˣˮ֪׼ҵˮжҼӽûзܡ
һӺĹȡ׳ǣ
֪ˣˮҲóȥˣϴһһˬ·ȥ
һϵʱѾȫָˡ
ôˡ
ˮЦŴкҲܿںܺá
ûˣ㣡
óǿظˮ
ÿǲǲϲ
ˮʵ
ǣܺÿҺϲֻ̫ˣˣһˡ
Ц˵
ⶫҲȱŰɣǶеģֻǰˡ
ˮЦ˵
ȷˮвٵĺˮһʲôģĵСŮһֻǳɢһ޵Ȼ
Թ緹һ˱Ŷ̨ȥѾɽ˺ˣǻǺɵߵ׼ڵλá
࣬ûģһκܹؼ
׶쿴ڵλãü֮Ҳһ˿ģ֪ڼڲӣֱӺҶԿһ޴ʹĸо
Ҳ׼׳ǣ
ս˫ȭ϶˵
׶̾û˵ʲôҪеʱƴѪƴҪƴʱѾǻˡ
ȥɣ
Ǹǰ˵˼俪ʼθ׼гˣûκοֱӿȫյĺ
䣡


1186 䣬䣬Ҳ䣬һ
󣬵ȴǺͻأĴ˳ȥ˭Ҳû뵽ôֱӵ䣬ĪһǸս׵˵Ļסˡ

ɲνȻѾ֪ذˣαػҪˣûлѡѾøһС
֮ӦΪ׼ңսϳ׼һصĴҲսԱĿɵֶһ
׼ܶ˶Ĭˣɫѿƺ򶨣ֻǴʲôˡ
һ׼һ׼ˣֵȳˣ
ܿ죬ʱ䣬һվ棬Ǹһľ޺һܸ֮߳һСƺҪһȦ
һؼףһ׳ľ޸ϿرЭվ˸оһɽҲܱһ
˭аսʤ
˵Ѿûмˣ褣褿ܻˮս
峡ʤذһԻѾȷĳˣһʹˡ
Ѿ֪ܶеˣΪ׼ҵģ˵ǿ׼ǲŤתǬһο˵űʤľģοһԮҲܰһ֣һᡣ
ұվӣ
磬ɣ
ʱˮ˵
ϳɣɣ
ʱ˵
̨ϵӣĹӦúƿĻֻдʤ
ˮ˵
ǽô򣿡
褵ĵ˵
̨ӵʵӦҶˣȹȥһ˵ɣһضˣ滹˼𡣡
ˮʵҲܾᣬڶģһ˱ٶȿƣ̨Ͼ޺ǿˡ
ã
üͷ迪
粻ҪѹӮ˵ıӦǡռɽΪԴ羡ܲҪͬһλôʱ̫ʱĻطãУһҪɱ
˭˵Ϊ̨ϵ˾ȻĺͲɽƵĹͬվһλʱԽʵҲԽǿ
õģ
ͷŶ̨ϷȥˮҲǺţоɽ¶ˮĶŲ򵥡
ˮ۾һһɫĳǹͨںڣϸǹֱʺ簵ҹ֮֡
ҹǹ
ˮЦˣһζԸ̨ϵǸͷӦû̫ˡ
ɽ飡
˵
࣬룡
ʵڣѾĴ˻һε鲻Ĺ֣עǳ׶ˡ
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ʱˮ˵仰˺𾪣Ϊ幫˵ȥ䣬˻ô˵һž޴İա
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ÿҶѰһԮ׼Ҳԣǰ幫ǰΪģû뵽;ˮ
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1188 սˣ콣
ʦʲôļһʦﵽ㾳磿Ҵ˿м
Ӵʱݡ
뵽콣ΪйһκܴĶݣ콣ӦԺһΣһξӵģǾΪ˵ʤ
˵ģΪ콣֣ѾʤգģһҲġ


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޴ֱӽԶĵѪֱϵۼ׶ദıˣ
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ãһ㵱ѵģԤУǻģ´μǾˣǣ
콣ˮȭ˵Զת뿪ˡ


1189 ѧѽصĻҳ
콣뿪ˣʲôҲû˵뿪ˣ˶رȣΪѾк֪ܶ콣ѧľӢӡ
һǿеľӢӾȻôһĬĬ˴ܣ콣ߵʱûпһӵǸ
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һα֪ˡ죬ʿ̫ˣСҰУڳСɽ֣гȣ˵Ķһ˼Щνʿƺ쳾ɽֻʽϵġѣﵽľ׵гųӵĸţԵ֣гڡ
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ӿˮ޲ֱɱһٱ飬ϧûܿɫͻָʲôҲûзһ
ĻӣǸʱֻһЦݵٴκ޵У̫ӺͳأĻӶƺʤһＫȲˬͨһƿ׳ǣΪԺչ»
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߹Ұ̷ֵܵСӺһͨѣƽʱûºȺȾƣҺϵ˵ġ

׶˵˶һҰףȴǵĽǼҹĻԳͷΪ׼ʤˣҲڳ滤ǡ
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ˣҺž¸飡
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1190 ʯգν
ĻôҶǾһ£ĶΪǾϲ幫еεҸʱһ˵ζ
ȻҲǺܿģĹϵѾܳʱˣһֱûол߲һЩֽţǸоȶˣԾ顣
硢ɩϲ
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ˮ΢Ц˵
ҶǿĵĹǡ

һƺȵҷſһҶס幫߹Ҳڣˮɾжȹġ
ڶ죬ˮĻ̿ˣҴӻϾ֮ǰǶ죬һֱûнӻԺˣһһ߶ӼΪ˴
һҵİɣ
߹ˮ˵
԰ҪԱϣһҪóҸȤĶꡣ
ˮǰʵ̸˺øеŮЦ
ôˣҪ𡣡
߹˵
ˣҪʲô˵ɣ׽ϵЩԱϡ
ˮǰҲֻ˵档
ȻˣԼвϣҪ϶ɲԡ
߹ĵ˵Ȼһɫʯͷ
ʯ
ˮȵ˵
ǵģǰҵһֱҲˡ
߹ˮЦ
һ֣ˮԽŮ˺ǿĴʱҪŮ˴ǿʦʦʵһƣʦ۷Ƕʵļʦʲôʵ
һˮ֪콣ʵӦǿʦֻǶʦ۷أԼʵӦʦˣǹʦӴǲܱȵġ
Լʵֻǿʦ״̬ˮֻԼʵʵӦʦˡ
ţݵļֻиصѧļһļʦģѧ͸˵ˣֻˮеǶǲҲļʦĴڣ
ˮоʦһ;ԽϵĲԽʦһˮ룬ʦļʦ֮һ޴ĺ蹵
ôˣУñġ
߹ˮæ˵
ˮ֣ʯ˵̫ΧȼµĶֻһЩطҵµĶеʯһֻʯ󣬵ֲһڻ
Щ̫ȻȼķʯַʯȴǿĶ֮һֵǡ
ȻѾȼȻڻѾҪ̫¶ȣֻҪڷ֮һǺжʦڻ
߹֮óΪ̫ӵһʯΪһʯ
ˮɫоһ󲻺˼ˮΪˣԲŸϽ˵
Ҳ֪ܲܣ԰ɣɹʲ󣬲Ҫ̫ϣóǰʹõҿӣһܶĻͰһ¡
ˮν˵Ҳսһ£ʵ֪ɲڻĿǻ
úã
߹óǰһѺɫҲǻϵģȻóݸˮûб̫ϣ֪Ѷȣǰóˡ
˸æģˮĶ죬ΪѾӻˣʦʹõһʦģ˿ҲʹЩһۣǲǮҩġϻһЩϡŹֵĶֻҪˮС
ЩҲûٸߵģΪһҲܲˮֻܵȣҪ
ѾǼޣ⻹Ǵȥģе¼׺壬ûмʱھڶࡣ
ˮ֪̿ԿãҪһ߷壬ƺѧһҪ̨ףͨļȻļ߼Ļá
ˮҲֻȿ˵
ʱ׼ҵ˶뿪ˣҪΪ幫Ļ׼幫߹Ҳ褻׼ˣֱİˡ
ɾʱˣҪȥֻܵڶˣɫˮһͤԺ·ôߡ
һº幫ɻ飬֪Ǹνĳ̫ǲǻ鰴˵ǵ⣬Բ˵
ͻȻˮ뵽߹˵ҳʣóæѰҵ۳䣬ˮоҲĻϻҲ˵
һ幫ɻʱϻǿ԰ѳɻʱ䶨ڳ̶ʱ䣬Ҳ¸¾ǳ̶ʱ䡣
ˮопܣصĳˮڸоһҪͨƺ˽飬ҵ۳
ͻȻһǿҲˮһ̧һɫĳ
ž
һը죬ˮӰһȥ
ˮ뵽鷳ΪԼսһ˵ģңӵˡ
ʱѾ֪׼ҵһЩ飬׶һ֧ͷ׶˱һЩ̫ϳҲܵ˼ͷˡ
ҹҲС͵ϮԼɱԼڡ
ˮϵһ죬û뵽ô졣
ʶչʶһһɢȥԷٶȺܿ죬ƺյˮһ
ţˣ
ˮ͵ϮԼȻյԼŵľȻһֻӰޣСҰţһ㣬Ӱʵٶȳǿ󣬾ѰһѰǷӰٶȺ
ˮɻǰ͵ϮԼٶȾȻô죬ԭԼ
ˮҲո˵뿴ʲôҪɱԼ
ֻӰ޵ģٶȿ԰쵽ϾʥʯָûʥʯָƾŹλҲ׷ϡ
Ӱ޵ٶȺܿ£ܿʹˮܳȥ˲ֹǧŸߵĿзȥ
ˮȻԼİգʶɢΪٶȿ죬ʶϾޣԵĿʱѾΧˡ
û뵽㵨湻ģȻһ˾ôˡ
һɭˮС
ˮͣΧĸˣĸĽԼм䡣
ˮҪ練ƣʩչʥʯֱָܣڸ֪Щʲôˡ
˭ΪʲôҪ
ˮĸİ˵
ĸ߶һɫӣӰͦӲʵ֣˫䣬ɢ͵ĹâϵϢ䣬ܻ񣬻ˮ𾪡
˭ֻҪ֪˷ͷ̫ʢǺ¡
ʵˮѾԿ϶Щ˾ԺйϵһˣΪһ¶ҾǻԵĴ
ȷɱң
ˮͻȻЦſ˵
ɱ㣬һӣ֮ĸȷһʧ
ƺоܺЦ


1191 һƵķ飬ɧ
ɱһӣ
ˮ˵Ļֻ΢΢ҡҡͷҲܸܵЩʵǿᣬȻǱ콣ǿĴڣԼҲҪǿ
ˮһνҺӵĺ£ȻŹԼǵʵȻԡ
Ҳ֪˭ָʹģֻǣȥüȻǽ춼
ˮںǷϻԷͬҲǡ
ΪеʵͲ֪жߣж񣬽Ҿ֪ʲôˣ졣
˵һ죬һֱ޴ƸץɢһǿҵĽ֮µŵ
֣
ˮϿԺ־ֱ̧ӴȻֻǼ򵥵Ľ˵ľ޴ƴ飬űѾȻȥ

Ȼ޷ͽǾԶˣˮ̤ڵٶھŹλ֮¿ûݡ
ⲫˮֵı죬˵ˮһֲɱﵣһ˿ɲ콣ôˡ
һˮǴ˱ɱԳֺ飬ʹѨת£̫⾳ҲǴﵽһµĸ߶ȡ
ž
ž
ˮ˵Ӱܿ죬Ӱɣÿʮƾͻᱻˮĵһ£ĵĴԽԽ࣬ӿʼʵҲʱ䣬ֻٶ̫ˡ
ˮơȭָǽµĴ羢õ£߲ʵеİԵһʴ˵壬һĲС
Ѩ˵ľ
ʶʲôʱתóˮ˹ȥ
ʱˮ˫ȭ˫ֻȭͷһʱֱӴ˵Ķ̫Ѩ
ˣ
ҲˣǻǵһοԼʵ˱Ƶ̶ֳȣֿȭĴԴģٶȺµȭĳǾ޴ģ޴Խܡ
ˮҲû뵽ȫʩչٶȿ԰˱ƵòΪĴѨֻǴѨһʱĽض϶Էľ
¶ԷĻʹòʵҲۿۣǳֿȭȭʦĿ֮Ѩ
ɱ
һ˷ŭĴš
ˮóǽһɽ֣һģɽſµһ˳ȥ
ʵսʵ;;Ҳǹȹʵð취ʵͻҲЧġ
ˮûʹû֮ҪʵսҪȹ̡̽ӵеʵյһ˿һ
Ź
ޣ
ˮһһ׳Ļֱӽ˷ֿһͨĻһɵĹ˳
˵ӰԽԽһ˲סˮĻޣһȴеĳǹһֱһֻӥһ޴ͼˮȥ
ӥĽᾧСʮףɢȴˮԾһӣ
ӡ
һصӡֱźɫӥȥˮҲ鼱ֱȥ
أ
ӡɢˣˮȴһϲһӡеƺҽ˺ӥڣֱٶȼ˺ܶࡣ
ԭӡҲǿҵģ
ֻ죡
ˮһһĽɫӡ۳һֱص˺ӥϣ
أ
죬ϧҲֻúӥһЩˮȥ
ˮûʹ÷ΣҲûʩչۣһ֪æκͷ۶ʹó
ֻ죡
ˮһʹֻ죬һǱǽһѸʹΪǾ޴ӥѾٽˣ޴ĽɫӡһӴ۵ĽȻ£ʱǸǹҲ嵽˺ӥ棬Ͻš
أ
Χһ󼤵޴ı·ĩһʱˮˣɼùļʳˡ
һֱӱˣԼսģֻĺӰҲʮ㣬û뵽һƵȻǻԵģ͸ӰȻ
ˮźӰɢҲ˲䱬ѣǧƵĹ˿Գܵġ
ˮебסһ仰ǰĻһķ飬һķɧԼһƣǲҲ˵һƵķ黹һƵķɧ
һ˵ֱֹһǱɽţɽסˮмгޡ
ڵʵҲѸٵӣһֱͣʹ׻׻Ϊٶȵԭ򣬾Ȼ޺;ɽסˡ
ʱԽƳٶԽûڵʰˮʰֻɶޣ뷨׵޷ԱľУֻƣӦ֫Լ׻ʱһЩˡ
⻹ǿȻ׻ʱͻᱻɽ
ˮʵǵһδʵļʣоϵĶɼе㲻׼ƺûôߣûôߣǵƺҲôߣֻһ¾Ͳˣܱûǿûô߾ˣ⣬ãٴҲóһΡ
ֻʣһߣҲûǰôƽѾһֻţһȻŻӡһʲôʵ
ĸ˵ʵʦбǰˮѾﵽǧƵʵȴǱ
ʣµ˱ǰǸʵҪһ㣬ˣսȾ壬Ѿǰˡ
ӡ
أ
˴ӡ

˸ջعʱˮˣȻѾɱҪȫɱһҪѸ٣ֱʹǿɱ
ʨӡ
ˮһ̧һֻ޴ʯͷֱӽ˰Χ

ʨӡǱƣֻڱǰױĿ㿪ڱסʨӡˮʩչֲޱȡ

ˮռֳһۼҲûУȻ뿪һս֪սͬʵ߼սս˵񼼵սҪһսǿܶܶࡣ
ʨӡѪ˴ӡĽֱǾ䣬ӡҲϫӡշħԼɽȻŹҲǺǿǿ
̫ˮһֱɸϹǿģ̵ĸʵģЧرá
죡СɣϽѪߣЩƺֹͣǰˮ֪ﵽƿʷϡ
ɾ߼Ҳû˶Ҳ²ˣÿһ̶ʮԪȻڵɾ⣬ˮܸоɾϹǿľϵ
߼ɾϹǿ߻һֱƽߣǲͬҲһܿҲ׷
ζɾϹǿͻƣɾˣϹǿҲˣˮоʱƺͻƣʵҪ̺
ص컹磬ϴһ˳ȥƻͨ׳ǵҹͰûʲô
һŴһĺƽرƽ̣ҲˣʵѰҵ۳ȫԲҪ
дӦĸ׵飬ˮԴ½̫ˣһҲ


1192 Ѫת
ˮߣͻȻǰһӣ
֮ǣ뿪
Ҫ

ˮǰȥҪʲô
ͻأһϢˮϣһֻǵϢԴʱ͸ӳԾˡ
ΪһƾɣӰŮŮΧţкܶöһЩòҶ
ӦǸŮɣӦû󣬹ƻûг꣬ӰڣɢңϱԵģһЩ΢صĶ
ˣǸӣҲûʲô
һ˲̵˵
ѪתߣһҪʬҰһЩ֪һɱģҲΪãϿ뿪Ҹĵطɡ
ǰҶã
߰ɣ

ˮŮӣˮ֮ԾȵǹʵʵϢǴɢǰ˵ʲôѪת뵽ɽĳᡢһʱǵ˹ȥ
òҶʲôıһˮǸƣߵŮǰˮɷͳĲͬΪ£ˮȥŮǵ¶ıӰ
һˮʲôҲںˣʲôϢߵŮߣΧҲǴסˣֹͣŮ
Ůͷе£ֻ̧ͷˮ˫Įһˮ˵ĸое䣬˫۾̫£ûиĿ£Ӧʮꡣ
ֻŮˮһòҶƽĿ⣬Ͳ󣬵Ŀ̫ˣֻ˵Ŀȴֻһ
ҪҪңҿ԰Ը
ˮ΢Ц˵
ˮĻֱΧһɧ
ˣѪתٹһЩӾͻþڵѪ֮ɱġ
ˣ֪Ǻģܳ嶯
ǰǸ̾˵

ˮֻǿŮΪ࣬Ǳʶų۸СΪСˣ¶ĵطԵ֡
Ѿͷȸңʲôʱߺòã
ˮº͵˵
ŮˮòҶһ˿Ĺ⣬º͵ЦݾȻĵͷ
ˮЦ֣
ŮһᣬСסˮȻתȥҲΧۡȰ衢ϧ
·ϳһгĻ棬ǾˮǸŮ
ԶһŮ˾ĿһУźܿȴʵͷϴŶңȫװʵʵúܶ˻ῴΪʹڵʵʵģ˺һöС̫һۣɵ·ڵס͵ߣ֮ˮһ϶
Ůļ޳ˮȻҲע⵽ŮˣȺһŮƺҲ̫֡
Ҳûе£Ů뿪߱߷ȥϵණ
ֺܸɾģҲ֪Щ˴ҵЩòԱи̯
ˮŮص̣·˳Ů·صȥϴһ·
ŮӹˮһۣɫûвͷβҲû˵ûзһ㡣
ȥɣ
ˮ΢Цʾ
Ů߽ȥˮҲȥϴֻϴĺܿ죬ʼԵģԱˣΪŮġ
ŮʱˮŮվڳſڵʱˮͷһ㶡
Ůɫе԰ף˫ۿնĮҪǻɢµ죬ˮ⣬ôôʲôѪת˵ˮоǹƨ
ˮóһ壬߹ϵϣһɵ㴫ˮУˮЦЦԴȥһ£Ͼͺã
Ůɫûʲô仯ٴοˮһᣬͷ
ˮ⣬һ
˰ɣԵ㶫ɣ
ˮǰ˵
Ůûж֣ǿˮòſڣΪʲô
˵¶һⱴݣѩֻ˵ĻеƣеӲӦǺܾû˵ԭɡ
ΪʲôҪôã
Ůƺˮٴ˵һ˵ıǰҪɳĮһ˸оǻɫġ
ˮ뵽ħǸŮˣҲĮûһ鲨ŮǲͬģŮ˻ɫ֮ڻеľɱ¾
Ǻƭ㡣
ˮЦʵ
ŮҡҡͷˮҪĶȥΪûС
Щ鲻ҪɶȴǺԸ𡣡
ˮ˵
Ҳ֪
Ůܳʵ˵
֪Ҳ˵ҸоԵģҲ˺顣
ˮ˵
Ҹʲô
һ
֣ʲôǰյժҲо֡
Ů˵Įƽˮ
ȳԶɣԾˡ
ˮЦ˵
ѾˣˮȥúϢ
ˮųֻʾɾǿʯ콣һ£ûаգԾԡ
ʯѶȾڻ
׼һˮʼۻ𡢾𡢴֮ġ
Ρۣ
ˮԼʵת£Ȼʶƺͼʶʯڻ档
һ졭
мõǾţ
žŰʮһ죡
ˮҪʱһε£ν¿ͷѣһοʼһεεĵ£ˮ֪ˣ
һֱʱ㳹ڻĲڻˣһҺ̬ڿбˮɲȥȻˡ
Ȼԣ
һȫǾȻеľǵȿɲʵǿġ
žó񴷴һҲһӣ̨ˣǲˣΪһĶ̨ʹá
һ˳ϤĹâʱˮһǳˣһЩ󣬻߿ǶһЩıʯʲôġ
ˮѽӲӵ棬ϵ˲һɵȴֻһͻȻֱ衣
һ˲䣬ˮһɢǿҵĽ⣬еĽҲǽʢͬʱķӰٴγ֡
ˮĸоС
ͻȻķ񻯳һֱ뵽ʶУΪһŶصĽǣҪʮҫޱȡ
һˮʶ
ɣ۴ɣ
ˮʲôҲ˲ϣæеĽȥԼʵﵽʮƣǾɴĺô
Сɲһƣֱ˲ʮơ
Ǿ޴ģˮͻȻ뵽˷ʧһŽʶУƺǷ۴ﵽԲˡ
ʶ̽׷ʲô仯
ˮʶһ̽ʶֻо¡һ£һɽȵΧĿռһʶе߲ʵѸٵתƺһͬʱ𵤵Ҳӡ


1193 ʧеã׬ˣ˵Ѫɷ
߲ʵͽ𵤵ҲӣͻȻһƬϢ֣ˮסˣΪǺûǻ治ˡ
ʵﵽʮƣһܣ߲ʵﵽʮ屶ıʵϧ񻯳ʶеһŽǣˮԷй
ǰһƬʶϢУкܶǹģĽȴǿʵһǱӣӣʱӡ
ʵ˵˺ܶܶ࣬ʵƺ٣
ʮʵ߲ʵʮ屶ıʵһǱʵﵽ˽ǧƣɽǴﵽǧơ
ѵʧ֮磬֮ɣܣ
ֻƾѾǺܲˣˮܵ˵Ǻܿĵģæ¾ʵϾʵӣӦñǰܸܵĵ
һתоޱȣǱȴǺǰһϾǰþʵһٷһֻܷһҲǲο
Ǿϵǳģ˲䲻µɱȫٿǾ£켣һǿɱ
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ʧȥˣˮе㲻һ뵽ۣˮ˼һæʩչֻڡ
ۣ
һʵʵһָоһɲɣȱϢ˲佫Χ֡
ǹģԷʶֱĵطķƹЧϧûзͳ
ʩչ۵ˮڵĻһоһ޴޿ԽĸɽһöԷϡѹȡ
Ȼʵˮ̫Ļˮķ۳ɹʻͣҹЧҲۿۣһֲĹ
ˮڳ˻ʵֱӳ˱սʱһʯһǿ󣬵ϹŴϢܺõ䣬ܿˮȷеʵ
ѪҺеɫѪߣƺһ㣬϶һɰ
ˮڲ֪ΣǰĻʵӵĻһʵһˮҲ⣬û˷εеĽȴǸǿˣ̺ǿϹϽȻʵٷһѾˮϹǿʶ
ܵ˵һ׬ˣһ֮ͻΪǰʯǽеԼľɲһϵеı仯
Ȼ뵽ʯˮϽǼǵǰԼͻƵʱʯҲǽʢ֪ԼͻƣʯȷĽ⡣
ˮͨʯʱٴסˣ
˵
ԼȻ˴˵ȻͻƵʶʱ˵ֺСļʶ˵û뵽ˣô죬ӦûǺʯйϵ

ˮ棬ʯɣ;䣬ӵǿʵ
ʹʮʵ屶ľķɼʹ֮ԱһЩӰ죨綾ʲôģʹһģָʵٶȼӿһ

״̬δ
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ô˯ᡣ
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Ůת˯ţ
Ŷ̫ˣһȭȥ
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Ůֺˮʶ̽壬뿴û£ˮ͵ͣסˡ
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ʮʮ£
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ˮ֪ǲģʲôŵģ
ˮʼ̫ȭܻһߴһ߽˵֪Ů᲻ѧһҪ̣̫ԣİˮҪѧᡣ
һĲ䷳Ĵ򣬲䷳˵
һ顢顭
һٱ顭
Ѿˣˮڽ˵һһֵĽ˵ɫȻƽ
Ů΢΢ͷȻʼ̫ʽһһʽƺرõ츳Ҳ˺ܶܶ飬Ҳ˺ܶ飬ԴʱһܴģҾȻһЩʲôĶǸϡ
ڶ鶯ѾеԼеȻˮԲ˸оſʼ
ˮҲ˵ֻҪдĵطҲϽͣʱڴŮòԿˮô
֪һʱʱ䣬ŮĽٶȣѾȫԼ̫ȭˣˮԺѹڵ
µʱ䣬º֪᲻䣬ˮе㵣ǣҲ֪ʱ̥ʵᱩʲô̶ȣ᲻ԼҲɱˣˮԼܵһأЩʵĻƾͲǸ뿪ôˡ
ˮٴȥԷʱԵĸܵһ仯˵ˮΪԼı仯ǸоŮһǡ
Ѿǰˣһˣһ幫߹ĻҲˡ
ǿˮߵŮʱһ㶣Ůκ˵˵Ҳ
ˣ߽ݰɣ
ŮŮЦŮǶǴ﷢һֵֺķһʼǸоȴƷԼϾԷֻǸͨˡ
ˮ㻹û˵˭أ
߹ҲˮˣЦʡ
ʧɢŮҵˣߣҽǹҵŮˡ
ˮһ˵һкˡ
ȻţЦǺǵĹţ
ŮѾطˣˮǺںȾƣҲûеԷʱ䣬воƣʲô⡣
ˮû˵˴ɱ飬ڸ˵ˣоڴеԱˣοںͻһеϵ
ˮСĵ㣬Һ˵û͵ϮҪס׼ɣ
褷еĲ豭˵
Ļֻǿʼ˵˼仰һ˵


1194 ̫ɷ
褵ĺ⣬ˮЦҡҡͷ׼ҲԶ˵Ҳҹûµġ
ˮԼڻǺĵģģ
ѾˣٲΪ˶һǿԱ֤ġ
Ļʱ΢Ц˵
ˮЦſĻӣǾͶлˣ
ˮȻͨ棬ͨͨѧߵ棬ϰ߹άˣϲͨԼʵվҪվһ̨ס
˵κ˶ϲмˣˮбǮҲǱ޷ǾҪһʱѡ
ÿ׼ҵѣǰѵġ
Ļ΢Ц˵
ȻܺĻѣˮǺܸ˵ġ

Ļӵ˴뿪ˣҪ׼ҰҪлˮǲпա
ˮȱʱ䣬˵ȱʱҲüʱ䣬ȻʹӦˣ幫ĻѾʼ׼ˣ׳Ҷ֪ˡ
׼Һͻ׳ǵĵλһ̨ףҪǻһֵ׼ҶԿѹ׼ɺܶࡣ
һ˵ˮ뵽ƺ⼸촫ж׳ǵһЩ崫һЩˣϧֻܷأ޷رơ
Ҳᵽ˳ЩߣǸǷų׼ҺͻڴѪɺӡ
û˵˭Ѫɺӣ׼һ׳ǵһЩˣһЩأʵЩҲ٣ǾΪ˿ֻţ׼ҡҵһЩѹһξ׼ҶҲûҶ
ڲѾ׳ǣһЩֶ̽һЩȺл켣ĳߡ
һʵģƲܵ飬Ҳ˲СĳЧʱѾѵնɱ˵ģǳˣǿߡ
ҲǻἤŭˣٹҲеߣ˺ͻ˶ҪһģɱģֻҪܴﵽһ֡ƽƽ⡱С
ˮʱȥ򿴿˵ҲпܳʯҲֻǾ˵ûоͲ֪ˡ
ˮĵĻǸֵ֪Ů¾ͻ᳹׾ڵѪɷ飬ˮѵʱ
ûµˮֱŮȭǰ壬ֻǿˣŲھѵʱôʹࡣ
ӹ̱̽ԪʲôģһЩҩˮһĸƣҪ
ʵɣ̱Ԫĵȵ⣬ֶ˾
֮ǺģطҲŮǷֻͲάƽ⡣
Եе˿Եͣ˿ԸߣԴάֺƽ⣬Ȼʵĵڣñ˴һΪ˸һһˡ
ֻǾø󣬱һ˱ˮһֱӿԱͺ
ˮڸոҪǾסͻƿʵȹʵǱܣʱȵȡ
Ůǲϲ˵ˮʲô˵֪ˮҲͲˣֻǺϣǱСů
ˮСŮֻԼ˵κ˶˵Ҳ˵Ҳ
ˮſԼİɣ
׼Ұ磬һȥɣȻǵĶûĺóԣһ㵥һݺòá
ˮֺ˵
ʲôԳԡ
Ůˮ˵ˮĿ⣬һ˿лֻڼпĿ⡣
Ѿͷܸܲңô֡
ˮоеϤˣǲ˵
ŮҡҡͷʲôҲû˵
ˮҲûΪںԼ˵ʲôҲֻϣһв£е̫أúݣԹޡɷʵˣˮ壬ǻעĿʱˡ
ˮķ̺ãѴ˵ǳˣȻǿԼģԼҲǵõ˺ôԼʵ׼ȷԼõı˱Ҳ͡
ʣµʱ䣬ˮо룬һ飬Լʱ֪Ĺȥ־벻ֻβˣʵȣһɱУϬޱȣðַƼףеľ֮ƻѨǾβֿɱˡ

ڶɲŮѾˣƺٵˮ˼һˮԼģŮԴ̫ȭ
һŮƺ̫ȭкֻܴ֣ˮĵǣ̫ȭʩչһɷ
ˮٴγԾеɷ̫Ȼĸо֪ǺûǻҲ˵̫ҲھڵɷֻҪػĺʶС
ˮÿ춼ʩ룬ͬʱҲ赼ڵѪɷΪ֪ܶ£Ҳֻ赼ЩɷʲôĲҪĺ͹ԾС
ʧľУ
͵ʱ褳ǰˮһθϳĻǸˣƺ褽塣
ϽһͬĻ߹ݣ͡塱졣
ˮһο˵ʱ̾ڻ̣ʱֵʱ򣬿˺ܾȣһʦ߸ϳǿ˵ʵ
˱ڵ褻ҪǿһЩĶʦϧʱաĿ࿴ˮ߶ѾԽ̫ˡ
ٴοˮͬʱҲǲ˼飬ͬʱҲڰҡ
׽㣬ϸôˣ׼ȥ
ˮЦ˵
ǺãϳɣǾôûȥ
褺ǺǵЦ
ںܴСһԽȥرտģˮŮ˽ȥ
褺߹Ů˵û˵ŮҲûʲôƺˮоŮǺƽġ
߹ˣڸ㻹һ㡣
ˮڳΧԲš
ˣܶ졣
߹ƺرľȡ
㣡
ˮ˷ܣ֪ƺ뿴ɴֱӸˡ
ܺÿŮʺϣ˵潣ԱģʵҪ˵ҲŮʹþ޴޸ֻǺٶѡ
߹ϲѽٿƯһ˲ֱӴסˣ㶵Ŀˮ
ˮ
ˮĵͷЦһرãҶˡ
Ҫ͸㣡
߹ˮ˵
ˣҲԸӲã˵Ҹоҵ˳֡
ˮǺǵЦ
ôлл㣬̫ˡ
߹浫޷ƽϽһֱƽ
Ӧҵ黹ûء
ˮЦ
ģһҳæģֻҪ˵ĺǿӦ̽Ϣġ
߹˵ʱ۾


1195 ɱ⣬
һ֣ˮЦʵǲһ幫ɻ
ǺǣҲҲԣ
߹Ц˵պҲˮ̫ãһֱһּ״̬
ôҲҲԣ
ΪλϵŶʱ䣬ǳΪ˻ڻ
߹Ц˵
ˮˣǵλ
ǿ𣿡
褲˵ݶǺܺ棬߹Բࡣ
˵˵ǲǺǿ󡣡
߹˵Ļֱס
ã褺ݶǲ˼ĿˮȻ˵
˵󣬻лͨ飬ϴﵽһµĬԺ˾ͨɽɱˣˮİй֮޲
ҲǴ˵ͱĽȻ֮ͬ˵ֻҪȡʽͻһֱ˵ʵڲϡȡһַɱˣ߾ǳǿǿĨɱ˽ϵӡǡ
˵ģһѾǴ˵еĶˣܲˮҲҡҡͷʯô࣬һ飬һ⽣ٰһѣֻ˵̫ˡ
ˮĻ߹ЦǱˮʵϵĻЦģǸʵϵˣһԼҿ϶ֱӴŽܵԼ˵Ļ˵Ҳĺϲѽ
ںϲ¸Լ˵ĵ̹ϣǸԭˣֵýύֵýġ
Ҷĵһһѻ֪Ҫ¡
ˮЦ
ˮ֪ܶ˵һЩǿ촫˵ⲻΪ
֪Ҳ˵ȥģΪѵġ
߹ѩЦ˵
㲻ñ˶֪һοǺܺõ̵ܴ
߹˵ֿˮ˵
ڻûоԱ֪ҹƻᱻ͵ߵġ
ˮЦ˵
ŮһЦ˳˲绯һ˲ŵǺģˮɫıܿ
Ůˮߣû˵ҲûЦ˸оȻΪһʼλá
ܿ׼ҵˣֱӽ׼ңͣ󣬼³ܿ׼˳׶ҲˣһˮƺѾԼܵ׶ʵܿ϶
׶쿴ˮȴǾһһּȾȵĿ⣬һ˿ĳɷ֣ˮҲܵˣ֪Լʵе㺦£߹˼ɣҪˮȻԷһ˲ɱ⡣
ˮܲ׶Ŀ⣬΢Цŵͷк֪ԼӦÿҪ뿪ˣҲ֮
ˮˣߣ㣬Ȼ׼ҿɾˡ
׶ȵˮ
ˮǿ׶ĵ뷨ĸƤǿߵĳǸǺģһֱ׶Ŀǲģֻǰǵݵɱ⣬¶ģ˵ҲϾһЩ뷨
ˮ֪һγͷ׼ҵűԼ˲٣׼ǵѵģҲΪ褼ˣ׼ҵĳʲôûʲôϵ
л磬ˮѾɢϯɻһΣʵһʼ֪ԼǵĹͣʲôŮˣԼĽݽ㣬ˣʲôԭ򣬶λǰĹͷģֻҪͻһֱܡ
ˮе뷨û֪Ҳ֪׶ԲԼ֣ͨˮ˺׼˼
μܺг׶쿴СŮʱ۾ٴβ˲ˮ˭ˮҸȥ׶СŮкСŮʲôҲ˵
׶ͦεģˮԲ
ף㲻˵ʲôҪ˵ˮˣ˵ɣ
׻׶˵
ˮ׶ɫǸøס
ųųǣռˣǴȥЩˡ
׶Ц˵
ǳˣһҪɱǡ
׻ŭ˵
ˮﲢû˵ǴʹĽӴޱȣдвˣ߾Ӷ࣬ȻѾγһصڣƻʹΪΡ
һǰĻĴ廹лҵˣҲΪɻһƽ͵ľ棬һʱ̫ˡ
׶ǺЦ
ˮȥȥ˵ЩкöСʯ
߹΢Цſˮ
ѾᵽΪһƽ;棬ˮûƴǣ˵Ҳ뿴ˣҲÿԵõһЩĶء
ȻҶȥΪ״ĻҲȥ
ˮЦ˵
ôҺúһ£˳ȵһǰȻһǰųǡ
ϯ׶뿪߹ˮ˵ˮǰѽҿɲ͸ˣ
˵СƺˮԸƵģҲ֡
ģȻԣֻҪԸС
ˮһ˵û뵽˵õǿȻҪˡ
лл㣡
߹ĵ˵
Ŷ֪ˣ
ˮЦ˵Ϊ߹Ϊ򳤹ʵ۳ϢҪͽЦ֪Լ̫߹Լˡ
һĸԸΪ͸ԷˣѾ֪߹ͬͬĸΪĴ߹λҲܸߣٻҶ
߹û˵ȴſĵЦ⡣
ˣЩй𣿡
ˮ˵ţҲ˹
в룬ҲкܶǿߣȻ类ʹˡ
˵
ˮףӦкǿǰ˵ﲻȣļ紺ɽˮ㣬˵иɣڣ֮Ǹ浽ڣΪɵԭ
Щ£ڼǺһЩ飬Ҳгڶûʲô󶯾֯һǿ߽򣬵ĲһɣҲһ֪һɣҳҲвٵޡ
һΣֻҪֻҪ£һ㲻ִɱϾȨڳǱߡ
һռųǣ׳ǲڳĬˣθЩһѵ
ͨˮҲ֪ӦҲǺǵģǣࡣ

ˮỤ̊ȥųǣˮ׼СŮ׼ҡ
Ѿͷ׼Ҵ죬һòã
ˮȥʱʵ
ã
ˮһ㶣׼ңѵҪ
ȥҾȥġ
ŮˮĮȻ˵
úãǾһȥ㲻Σ𣿡
ûʲôٺˡ
ŮʱлˮĳϧֻܲµӦþһ޴Ĳұ䣬ȻôԹɷ


1196 żľ
ˮʵǱŮһȥҾȥһ£֪ԼãֻԼ˵һ
ˮһֱŬΪһˣԼ뿪ҲܺúõĿǰһӸıƺܣĿ
ûµˮóϴ͵ϮԼԼɱļ˵ĿռĶɾһֱûпҪûô⣬оûԼ̫Ķ
һһۿȵ
ȵһǿγɵһֵ飬Բ΢;൱ڳԷֻǱԷӪ࣬ԳڵҲܴ
ȵͽһģǾйĶǸ߼ҲõĲԷ
ǽǵǵȵö࣬ƷǸƷʵģһҲǼֵƣЩ߳ȥʳ㣬㣬ϾЩطҲʳġ
֮⻹һЩֻˮϣȻռǿĹʦӵеģϧĶôˮۡ
ȻۣҲһʲСĲƸҩȶһЩԺҲá
Ŵʣµģ࣬кܶȵ߳벻һЩƽ񾭳ʹҲǿ׳ʱãȵȵľϿеᣬɲǼ򵥵ЩȵʳյģյĲ
Ҫռֵʱ򣬷ڽзһ۵һĶҲûκˮ˳˳
һһȵϢˮһܾȻǱӡģӡĶôǿȻһ
ˮͨȥ
ϣӡ
ˮ뵽ԼĸǴ˵еô£ôӡϣʲôϣǱӡġ
ˮ滹УϽȥ
ԼӹͬණǿЧҲԵϣʹ⿪ӡ⿪ӡİ취ֻˮ֮С

ˮ׳ȴֻϸĻҲǷӡˣɫҰ޹⣬ˮôá
ɶϻӹ̸
ˮԴӶǽϧûвϣӦÿԣˮоԸİ
ˮںܾᣬǽҲ˵һܵ˵𣬴˵Ķǿģ˵Ǹǽһ
ҪȥųǺͳ˽ˣڷŻãƺ˵ȥ
ˮ﷢Ůˮ߿Ҳ˵ˮѾϰ
Ի磬ӳһˣҪǿԲñж
ʹѸٷ㣬Щʱã
˼˺ܾþֻҪܽԷ֮ˮкܶ෽
ϣһʱ䣬ˮȲĽɾȻǲŮİȫԼֻޡ
Ѿˣ
ˮǵһΣʹû¯ȻûˮģչԼʶʼ
ˮûнӡϲý⣬ϵĻҲǵӣӹ̸Ҳǵõġ
Ĺ̻ģӣڲסȻһøɡ
̺ʯеһƴ
ʱһĹȥڰʮһʱǱȫںϣһĻһ˲丿Ѫɫһӵʱ󣬽Ļָɫ
˲٣гֱ۴ϸˣɢˣ񡢰Ե͡͡
ˮһסˣȻˣľˣżˮܼ۾һ
Ҳʶٿأǰͬǣɽһɢѹǿޱȡ
ֹˣڲһƺǻˣܵĻʴȻһȻܺͻȣܺͻȣܵ˵⸿ڵԺܿ¡
ˮĵǣڴпԴܶõǰʹʮξͰ꣬ںˣǮʮ
ԺֿʹˣѪ٣ϾɽЧǺܿµģǽ֪ԼỻΪˮоѾԼԼƺҪͨһ
ֻд˵Żͨ飬ˮоǽﵽ˵о
Ҳԭûûȥǽ

ܿʱ͹ȥˣˮŮ׳̨׼һкܶҴӵܻϣȻлңƺ١
ˮߣ
褿ˮҡִк
Ǳ˲٣幫߹ڣһЩһЩ׳ǵҴӵҲڡ
褶ˮ̬ȣٲλ˿ˮʱǴԹޡ
ˮǿĸ֪ܵΪ褵ԭʱ˾֪Ů˽ԼǲϲԱġ
˶࣬ͨվλԿһһģԹϵվһ˵ʲôӪСӪ
߹Ҳˮĵ˵ʱˮٴθܵһЩĿ⣬һƺ֮ǰǿ
ˮûжã˼ߣǻһмĳȻҪЩӶҲҪȷǵİȫ
׼˵ĻڳĿԳԼûеҲǵġ
һϵ˱˵гԼһֻ޴ĳޡ
˻гԼޣˮҲг˻Ǻˮǣ׼Ҽ˻褡߹幫ˡ
ˮҡҡͷЦ㹻ȥʮ˸ʲôֻǸȥм˹һžǴ󸻴֮ˡ
̤նҪŻȥ
ˮֱӴһ
λϱ˵زˡ
ˮס˳˵
ǿ㡣
һԿʮӳ
ˮŶԷòҲ֪˵ļǿ󣬲Ȼйڵ»Ĳ
Ҳ㿴𣡡
ˮƽ˵Щ棬ҲûǿǰɫͲϲֱסǡ
Сӣƣ߹ܻá
һ˿ע⵽һݻгʱ뿪ˡ
ľҵģľǵˣҲǴ֮һϱߣ߻ʵԶ˵ľұ
ʱ߹˵
ˮܱܿǾͱܿ
ʱ幫Ҳ˵ˡ
ˮ֪ǰΪʲôǲ˵ֻʾԼ֪ԼԽ˵Խ¶ԷԹޣǸҪԸԼ
ˮνԼڵʵӦÿԱû⣬Ĵ壬жǿѵȫʵԸԼǻôԼ
뵽ЩˮЦЦȻųǵķȥ
ŮʵҲ˼֪ǼǳԼģ֪Լ˾ܾǣǲǨŭˮ
˵Соһǲ漰ͼģǻҲ⣬ҲΪʲôǰЩ˸ǰ
Ȼԭżֻ˼ǰе˼ҲҪʵȻҲῴ㣡


1197 󣬲һ
ųʵҲ׳ڣֻ׳̫ˣкܶطҲгǣСǣųǣҲгǵ׳ǵģ
ﵽųǵľٵҲʹʱ䣬ϳ˰ʱųѾңң
ųʱˮһȣԶԶȥųǷ·һӰ֮Уоһ㡣
Сģǳвµĳ󣬽ǾϢһϼϣҸҵϢɣʲôͻ״ͷźţҪ뿪֮ڡ
Ǹ˷
˵ӻ֣˾ͷȥסȥˣԿųǣҪϹȥҲҪʱĹ⾰ӵˣ˶ȥĳǳѰ֮
ˮһҲ治Զһ¥ס£ֱӰһ㣬κ˽ȥб¥ݡ
ˮڣѾû˳ˣĻҲڲûк׼һһ𣬶ǺһЩˣˮʶ
֮ǰǼľҵ˲û鷳ˮҲûзϣʲôңڴÿɫ
ˮŮһ׷Ҷ࣬ˮɾоľǼǲŹԼģԼ߹ǰûӣԲԼưոݡ
ˮ˼Լôһѧ߳ΪǿĻҹʦϧˮڶرĸð
ǶеĶжˮ֪ʵڻǶ۷壬ѾѾ䵽
ѧǺļվһ̨׵ģţֻļʣµȶҪļɹƷ
ڵһѧɣţ̫ˣļѧʵѾһĵһĵܸڵļʵ֡
ţٱļ£ѧļʵ˵һҲļĴڣˮ֪
ˮɾԼԺ·뵽콣裬ˮ֪ѧһȻһӢӾȻʦ
ˮŽѧҪȥѧʲôϹŴУʵҪԼͻƣȻﻹǿѧһЩҪҪƽ̨ӴߵĴڡ
ԼҪǰѧһˣĳѧʦߣʸȥһѧòһֻܴȥһˡ
ǿӦúĪĹϵо褣Ҳѧѧˮûв´ĻӦʦѧġ
Լ·һ·ͨ褵ʦһ·֪ͨõûУˮоõĿԺܴ
ѧһ֮ϵĴڣһϵڸѧÿ֮һ䵽֮µĸ֮УԽǿԽ࣬ʣµľһЩշʽ
ȻҲв۷ѧȡ֮ȴǴݿ֮ƵıˣԺûκҶԿѧ
ļʵļʵһˮ룬˵һǵԺϵڸôһֱ׵̶ôķ˵֪
ˮȵĻڰɣʱҲܺͳӴǲʲôѧѧֻҪܴһƬԼأʱͿԽ磬ҿԼˡ
Ȼô룬ӦҪһʱ䣬Ҫľ뷨ѧ
ȷԼķˮʼһʵҲڻˮ
ʶеΧǸõĽƺڽ˶һµˮ𺳡
ˮѾʶʹ÷˺ܶ飬ڳԣ
һ־󣬲ҪʶвȻͨ֡
ˮɾгĿƣʶǳ˶þĴﵽһ۷壬һĲãþԴﵽһ㡣
ˮҪǲ򵥵ģҪͷ
Ȼֻһϵʱ䣬ˮ˵»ʱ䣬Ҳţоֺܿ죬Ҳһǰ
м䣬ȻˮҪľǵ֮⿴ףȴһľ
ˮ֪ƣĵǳ֪ɹˣӶٵľ
ˮĵǣֻҪɹǳֻҪʶһ˲䵽ǰ֮λˮѾʮǳϢ˰죬ڽżֻҪʶһʮǳͻ˲ڳǰõôͷˮ治֪ɹ
ԽǳԽ࣬ԽһҲܵһţһʼʱһĿţţšܵһţܵһš
ˮĿǰֻ֪ԼֻܲҲ򵥵󣬶һûгɹ滹а˰󡢾ž
ˮڵʵͲ֪ˣЧҲ֪ɾѾȥʮˣһǳ͹ʮſţҲ˵Ҫɹˡ
һƺôףʮʱˮоǰٷְٰܹɹȻܼǿԳסƳ졣
ֻ¾ҪųǺͳ˽֣߻иСƿϣɹҲӲʵġ
һֱһʱ䣬ˮҲûгɹʮҲûеһǣˮΪܿܲ°˰žģ֪ǰԼ̫ˡ
ʹûгɹˮоʶеľǰ˺ܶ࣬ʹþʵû̫ı仯
ϾؼһûгɹһûгɹʲôǷϽֻһɹͻᷢʱ䡣
Ůһ̫ȭŻģ¥Ѿˣڿһ꣬Ȼ󵽾ۼＯϡ
󣬷Ѿкܶˣв½ʮüü
һνųǣұ˴ҪӦɱˣһκܺõĥÿ߶ҪѪϴȥثֵĻļû˻ȥôھųǳ塣
˵ڿдԶ
ΧѾųǸȥˮǧ֮࣬Щ˶ƵϼľӢЩһǶǺܴʧÿǿ߶뾭ϴ񣬲ȻԶƲǿߡ
ˮһ˶ˣɵųǷȥ
ˮסŮָٲȻܲסʵע⵽Ů˭Ҳ޷ˮΪʲôһͨˣһǸ˲ŮҲԭ򣬵Ҳûֱӵ˵ˮŮʲô
ϢԽԽˣˮʶɢ


1198 ѨŭѪҺ֮Σ
ʵǰˮҲôСŮʵоӦ˵ֱ·
Ů˽뵽ųǣ
濴ģʵȥҲûʲôǳ״ִֻеĵطΣգطûκΣյġ
ˮоԼ󷨻ǺеģһȥһȻ̣ܶط˷棬еĵط˻
ΧֻнЩˣһˣҲˣżԿٵʬ壬״ĶУʱԿܶ࣬ܶ඼ͨˡ
Ⱥɱǧģͨ˶Ź̫ûˣҴסȻһ
߷ߵĽţرߡ
ҽȻͷжиӦǵȥսɡ
˵ʱһ˿ħҲΪһЩͨ˵ʬ塣
ÿһʵĹһ˶еģʱǵѪˣˣʮˣʮǰһ̺ܶƺս
ѪڣѪҺ
ˮѪҺбڵĸʵǿԿƣһƺѪҺƿһЩʶ
ŭ
ֻзŭֻŭڣһ˲ſԵȼѪҺе޴Ǳܣǰһĸף´ӤߣԱʱ׷Ħгһ̱˵ʶһĸףʱϵµʯ壬Ϊĺӣ
һжǼǱܣǸʱԵȼѪҺе
ϽѪˮڲ֪Լ㲻ϽѪϽѪߣ̺ǿֲġ
Ҳ߰ɣ
ͷкһѡһȥ
ųǲǰųһСĳǣΪų˶һЩһЩǮ뿪ˡ
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Ҳʮ궼û£ãһΣǰЩȥҲеֻǲŵＸ졭
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еϻմѪҺò¾֪Щǳˡ
֣ǣŮɫʵټ湻͵Ҳܻٺô
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ˮʶסǸ˵ˣĲ󣬵ȴһֻһˣʱԷѾ߳
ˮһֻʮˣʮˡ
ԷʵǺܸߣһܵ˵ǺܵģֻеҪǿ˲Ϊ塣
ȴһѳ˹ȥˮʱֱһеıǽ
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ˮŮеıǽϵĻŮסŹλˮʶסеˣرǰǸһˣϢ䣬ݡ
ˮоӦߵĴֻ֮̿Ҫһлͻһɱ
磬ȥǸɣߵ·һɱҲкܴĺô
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ǸСˣˮһߣеıǽʱĴһ
ҲʲôŮսĥģˮĸǶսȹʲôģǵʵӲ١
Ҳһʱ䣬徲ˣˮԼɱ˶ʮһ֮⻹ǿķٶȡ
żǰߡ
ˮܵһ޵ϢԼһΧܵϢûж⣬֪ӦԼһ˵ġ
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ΪҲֻǱ棬ѳĳڰƽͲܳ׵Ľ顣
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һһдһѪȵϢһַ
ˮһɫһ䣬ǰһ̽һ˲;йŴһ
ףȻܷҡ
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׼ҵ˻ǾȵĿˮΪǸ֪ˮȷеʵ뵽콣趼ˣԽĸо͸
ռÿռȻ룬ˮɫٴθΧǰǸܲǵϢκβҲΪԼ
˼ֺзִ磬ҪǸ˳֣ȻǵʩչЩǶˮһ浹
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һسʱ䣬س⼯ϣҸƧĵطϢһ£һǰ
ϢʱˮĿ󣬿ϧûܳɹһǾҲɹˣˮơ
ҹӪϢˮǸŮϢҲųޣȻɾžһʮȥˣûгɹ
ˮǸƾ͸ˣԵ㶫ϢһҪʱܵ޴ʾϢһţֱӳȥ
һȥˮŷ̬أȻΧˣʮϢϢԼҪǿǱԼǿܶࡣ
Ƕ۷ʵУճԼڵʵӦúǿˣǽһˡ
ȴʮһ붼ǳԽԼʵҪˣԼ𣬴ʩչУֻǶԷԼʱ


1199 Ѫɷѣ
ˮ󣬺ܿʹҾһŮҲˣܶʵû˯ʱһֻʱ䣬ѾΧסˡ
Щ˿Ӱ䶼ǺСˣѸ֮ĬƺҲرãеڣӰ˵ߡ
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ŮǿˮɣȻɽסǵߣ
ŮҲһۣˮɣĮ˫ͻȻ䷢һʵһһɺһɺɫϢֱͷϵǿա

һĽҹգŮҲǴһǿˮɽܲˣǿ˸ӹһĻ
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ѨҲֱ̼һѪ
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оԼеɵҲܣΪʥʯָĹԼһأĻһֱܰͻ类˺ҧһ
ǽס
ѾѨǱܣϾɣȻûѣȴܵصˡ
ˮ߰ɣ֪ܵ߰ɣ
褽ĺţѾᡣ
߹ɫȴҪƽֻܶ࣬˵ĻȴһȻֻܵǲܡ
ˮɾʥʯָһǸ۳ģʥʯһС飬ڶֻһûãҪһʱ䣬Ȼ̣ܴܶϣѾûлˡ


1200 ԭǿĳ
ˮûпֻǿǰˣʵеҪҲóǿߣҲǺǿȻ˵ľԼ˵幥㹻
ΪԼ幻ǿֻǰι㹻϶ٴˡ
óٴĸ֮ϣһǿŷˮʵиͷ
ǸһֱڸǵʶˮоǵʶӦǱ׼Һ͹Щ˵ģֻΪʲô֣ǰΪԼҲˣŮΣҲˣǰΪʲô褺߹ûг֡
ˮƣһΣһԼ֣ڱǸǲǻ־ǣҶġ
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Ůһɵ·ŶңɢϢȴջˮŮǸŮˣɿҲʹȻһС

ˮѾԿ϶Ůǳ쿴ӰʱȻȣʱҲ֪ǸŮǿ󣬵ǿҲʲôû뵽Ů˾Ȼǳ
㣬ֶãˡ
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Ůǰ߹һСŮһһһƺܼ

幫˵


ҲæһĸԸĵ𾴡
ÿ
Χһĸоһ𺳺ܣֻƾ˸֮ܵľ롣
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ˮŮʱǺֻܰɢƱһμǿ̫ࡢ̫࣬ѪɷѾǰѣùؼʱԼý뻤סʶ
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Ů˫۾еգգˮû˵ʲôˮǸоôһĽӽ
̫ȭɣȥˣõģϢȥ񡣡
ˮ񣬸ǷųޣŮڸоտ
ˮֱӽɾϢȥʱҲȫãǰʣһɾʱ䣬µʱ䡣
ɾʮˮѾȫɾеǺֵܳģԺˮͿʼԼĿǰþһǰǰķЧ׬ʵԼǿ߲ʵ
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֮ӡеһɱУϧڶûɣֻдﵽԲΡ
ݹΡΣҪǰ֮ӡɣ


1201 ŮĿ£߹
ˮ󿴵Ů̫ȭӦһֱû˯ϾѾǺҹˡ
ˮŮŵ̫ȭʱٴαˣƻĻӶӶ֮ǰγһںɫУȴɢһ
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֮ǰУûô࣬ӦȫѪɷǴвŻΪİɣҲˮŸоŮһ崫УǾħĴˡ
ΪڵʵѾﵽһʦˮǰʶѾȫ߸һûκͨˣʮʱͻȻﵽһʦʵѪɷУһɺϣ
ˮоԺʵǻٵӣˮҲܵеĲȱѪѵʱʵʱԪȴûκα仯ֻг˵һ롣
ҲһɣҲһƽ⣬ţݣŮȻǿ󣬵ʵһá
ΪԼý뻤סʶҲھͳһʧȥʶѪħᱻһЩǿɱģϾʵԺ޼ɡ
һֱˣŮͣתˮȻôĮϵʲôıǰأˮһ˿
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ʵʦʲôҵˣҲ԰ҵ㸸һҪʲôҲҪҿǵԵ֣ãã˺У㲻оǺԵ𡣡
ˮЦԴ
ʱҪɣֲʲô飬סԸ⣬ԸɵϣԸɵӣԸԿһԸͻκεʲôıûκá
ˮ¶һϣеǸһǿȭףȻʼ̫ɱ
ò˵Ůϵţϣǹƽģǲƽģʵνƽƽ
ԸӰɣ
һֱˮݸһźÿӡ
ң
ˮɾҲ²٣ǺöÿһſʮԪϧÿֻʹһš
Ůӹӣ΢΢ͷˮûзŮеı仯
ʶңڲһ֪֪ԼԪǶ٣֪ԼʵھѪɷʱҲõ˳Ĵ⣬һЩ֪߰ʶҲԭ֪ڳԵľҡ
ûʣҲû˵ʲôֻĬĬĳţȴڷһЩ仯õˣֻҪл᳥ʲôԸ⡣

׳һ¥ķУ߹һŮ˵ǸŮ޳ɵ·ڵסߣȻǿŵı͹ҲƲĿ⣬ס
ֻءεȫĸоˮͿ֪ͨǳ
ûдң㷢߸Ե޳ķ۾ԽͦӨ͸ķ۾״ɢ˵Ĺ
һ㾡˼ɫһ˫֮һǻһ˿˵ζֹĸо
ʵﵽŮͼòŮӣǵģе԰ףǰŮټر˫ʺϣһֻ᲻Դ÷ǰԲλ֮
㣬Ҫһ
߹΢ЦóǰѾݸŮˡ
Ŷʲôôġ
Ů˵ţȻ߹ݹȥĳ
ϾʱüĿ֮Ҳһ˿ȵɫ߹ȻǴ˵һʯģĪ˶Ҹʯ
ţһ벻˭İɣ
߹˷ܵ˵
ѵǸСѣ
΢Ц˵
㣬˵ʲôôµġ
߹Ǿȵ˵
׳Ҳʮˣ֪һ̺ܳģ֪ԭģǺϵôãҿɫܲµ
Ц˵
Խ𣿡
߹˵
УѽʺϽ㣬ԻԼʹðɣҲģСѾͷľˡ
ĵĽݸ߹ֱӴ֣һѪ˾ϡ
ǸСӵƢʱǵĺܺãǸˡ
ǺЦ
㣬мҪæ
߹˵
Ѿͷûкҿ˵ɣǲǱ˵顣
ƺ˽߹
ˮǰӣⲻæˡ
߹Ц˵
ӣ
ֵ֣Ŀ߹
߹úܲ˼㣬㿴ʲôֻҲæġ
ӽʲôҪһͨҲûа취ˡ
߹˼˵Ҳе㵣Сá
е۳񡣡
߹ó˵ͳչ˳ǰ
һ𣺡е۳ĸСӵӣ
ţô˽㣬ǲ֪
߹˷ܵ˵
Ҽڶ֪ʲôǰ֪ǲǻ
ŵ۳Ļ˵
ǽܴܲӵ䡣
߹˵
ļѧƽȴڣһ̫ˣһ򵥵ŮӣӦûܲ飬ֻҪʱ䡣
˵
Ѿͷ˵ʵϲϲ
ͻȻʵ
߹һ㶣һ㲻Ȼ˵ˣ˺ֵѵģоЩҹӺúܶࡣ
ѾӣҲˣܱƯ˼ûУȻѾͷҲʺ㡣
̾


1202 ֮ӡСɣ
㣬õģһûϲѡ
ˣ㻹ᣬ̫Щϡ
ЦˣҲ뵽Լô˻һ˰ɡ
㣬㵹ǸһˣֻϽ̫ˡ
СѾͷͻ˵˵ҿСԴھЩֵĶˡ
ĵĺ߹˵ţһ̺ܿġ
ѧӵǲˡ
߹ͻȻʵ
ţˣⶼʲôʱˣˣôˣ
ʵ
Ҫѧֻ֪Ļ֪᲻ֱȥ
߹˵
˵ʱ򻹻𣬽ûˣҲĵ꣬ȥôĵķǸԸȥĻͲܹˡ
߹ϣֻܰ̾
Ҿ֪ˡ
߹ĵıųĸ첲ûгڵʱأҲڳǰСŮһ
һκһѧǺһȥ
Ц˵
Һ褰ɣǴæˣұȽУȥ
߹ǺЦ˵
оӦбԭ򣬵ˣԼɣҲû˵ʲôûȥ²⣬ЩֻԼ

ˮŮǸɽѾͣʮˣŮΪһǧˮ֪ҲʮĿ죬ʱͻƽʵӦûǱһ˿ࡣ
ʮʱŮҲڷž޴ı仯еɷˣѾԼԿˣҪ԰ӵһֲֿľ磬ƽʱС
Ȼڻȫ
ʮʱ䣬ˮҲһСͻƣΪ֮ӡڲǰﵽСɾ硣
ʮ൱ڱ˲ĿޣˮվڰУ˫ֽӡһɫһ

һ޵ֻһֻ޴Ĵ֣ˮ۵ģʵһ
һǿʶʶбŷֱӽĿסȻĿȥǵشһְԵ͵ɱϢµ֮

һ
ˮЦˣǴ֮ӡСɵĳɹһھֻľ޴󣬻оʹüΣܳʱʹá
ˮ¿ԴﵽǧƵʵʩչ֮ӡȵĴﵽƵĹܱʵͿֲˡ
ˮںܿˣջѾˣСɣ֪ɵʱжǿҲԼһɱˣҺʵá
Ļڻвʮ죬ҲûȥˣǸԼʵʶƺҪ
뵽߹򳤹ѯʵ۳Ϣ֪ǲѾˣʰһУŮص׳ǵĻ̡
ȥĵ죬׼ҴϢѾ˾֪ˣҶѾʼ׼ˡ
ˮûжã˾ˣ߹Ҳڣ幫ȴǲڣˮǺܿġ
û°ɣˣҺܵĵġ
߹ˮһ˵
Ҳһ㶣ŹֵĿ߹һۣҲſˮô
û£ⲻǺúõ𡣡
ˮĵ˵Ǽǲѣѽģ⡣
ֻڲܸжǷĶûУľ͸Ǹˡ
ˮͨԶеѣǶʱģ˵ҲǳԶĴ㣬ǲʱǿԣҾԺС
ʵˮоԼʵ⣬Ҫ˽һЩļʶʶ㣬磬ʵܸ
񾮵֮ܣľǰľ룬ֻ֪ǶôĹܴԼ
ˮѾſ̳·ˣʱϲóоҪԼҸˡ
һѧӵĳƺţǸѡ˵򹷻ҪˣѧΪӢӦû⣬ʱĴǷͬһ㡣
ˮûɣ
һڿ£ˮǵʱ߹ˮ˵
ˣôҸлأǹڹǱߺȲأǻȲ졣
ˮЦ˵

ˣˮʽˣǰһ棬ʱ֪ʲôڻڲҲ
߹¸Ͻ˵ҲǰǸϾ
ˮһе۳ϢˣֻҪֹͺã֪Ӧ߹óǸ񣬳֪ġ
֪˵۳Ϣˮܼģóʱˣ̫ʱûе۳ϢˣƾˮҲллԷ
ллϢ̫ˡ
ˮ߹л
߹ˮĵӼȿеʧ䣬֪ʧ䣬ָоеơ
ˮڻѧ𣿡
߹ˮоˮ֪˵۳䣬˵׼Ͳѧˡ
밡Ī߹а취
ˮ֪߹ô˵һа취ˣȻǲԼ˵ġ
Һͽ˵ˣûˣҪȵ֪꣬ܲܵһʱ䡣
߹ˮ˵
ȻԣʱҲûʲôҪ飬ͣϰҲá
ˮо΢Ҳ
ˣ״磬Ǹʱ򣬳˻᲻ᵷң
ˮࡣ
˵ӦòˣɥĲ񣬲ǻҪСһ㡣
ɵ˵û̫ˡ
лл㣡
뿪ʱˮ߹˵
ţһģҲô
߹ڰЦź뿪ˡ

һһܹȥˣĴӣϾ׼һȢǻˣڴ½иĵĹ涨˭ȢҵŮӣһһֻһŮˡ
һֶԻҵ𾴣ڵ֪ˮӺ󣬳е㾪ȵĿ߹
ʵ߹ҲΪһֱܸԼλԼҲ֪ˮ֮һʲôо֪Լϲϲʱô֡
ˮŮҲ׼ң׼˺ܶࡢֻܶ࣬ǳ׼ҵģиǳŻҵġ
ֵˣڸ۰һڼˣ΢Цк˵ʲôĶУС㡢ˣһݻһߺȲһ졭
ˮŮ֣ע⣬Ů̫ͻأˣﶼرۣ˵ˮòǺ˵ģŮעӵ£ҲһЩ˵ĳޡ
һΪ㲻أǴλӰû뵽㻹ҳ֡
ʱһˮоеϤȥ֪ܿ˭ˡ
ľҵˣϴȥųǼֻһԵࡣ
ǿߵС椣ôоеɭɭģ˵˲˹ĳʲô
ž
һû˵ˮһֱӳȥˣֱһӽ˳ĵɳȥݾ³
ŮһڣϢȻ˺ܶ࣬еɭȻ󣬵еֲ


1203 ѩԣɱһ
ˮֱӶˣ֮ǰˮҲҶִľҵˣڴ֮ӡСɣ͸ûѹοͲһĳ
ľڴıԵﻹǺԶģֻľҵͷǿʢӰ׼ҵġ
ˮ˺ͻȻһǴҲڴľҵһΧ˶סˣΪܶʵ֪ˮʲôͷǸоˮһҪùˣϾЩľҵĵӡ
࣬Ǽҵĳûн̹ô˵ѵǼҵĳôŰ裬ҧ𡣡
ˮһִһõ˵
Ǹ˵̫ˣ׼ңҺܿϲ£ֵ̫ѿֻǴݡ
ûнܲţֻ㶯ִľҵˣľҵ˭ܴġ
мǸüˮ
ľҰľҵλҲޱȣʲôʱôӹһξ谭Լӽ߹ڸǴԼ˵
Ŷô˵Ҫľ۸ˣ׼ҧˣ
ˮϻƽޱȡ
ˣƤʲô£б¹
ľҰˮĹâ
ĻˮҲһ㶣ϸ˵ʵǿҴĵӣ崫Ӧúǿ󣬵ʵҲͺ£ƾʲôԼУѵ֪Լ콣裿
ܿˮͷ뷨֪ܲģҲǵһ׳ǣӦ˵ѵǲš
ôȣҷ㣡
ˮ£ԿľҰ˵
ǴһԸģҪӦʤһȻԷȨʧߵ
ľҰˮһһֵ˵
ˮˣ
ʱ褡߹˹
ˮͷǴк
СӣôҲҽӣ
ľҰʱˮٴ˵
ˮҪӣ˵һѩԣֻѩ֣ɱʦܶˡ
һľҰĻ߹æѵ
ѩˮһ㶣ǰֻ˵ǻģû뵽ˣѱʦͬ
һ㶼Ϊ࣬СԲصУĿǵأΪһ㶼ʳ˾Ѫͨ޵ʵӣֱ޵ʵﵽ۷塣
޵ʵͬȼǿܶ࣬ǿԼԶǱǿܶ࣬ΨûҲһƽɣȻ໹ѻˡ
״ĳЩʱҲı䣬֡
ôˣˣҪڹˡ
ľҰ
ľҰﲻӭ㣬뿪ˡ
߹ľҰõ˵
ԭֻ㵽ŮҷϣǰΪǸǿߣ̫߿ˡ
ľҰû߹ֻǼˮ

ŮȻŷֱľҰѹȥһɷһӽľҰס
ŮӰҪȴǱˮס
ˣһСѣ͵蹷ҧһڣΪһѩ޵ˣҽ㣬ֻҪ³Źϣ䡣
ˮסŮѾɫ׵ľҰ˵ԷЩر˵ŮĻˮǰֻɱǣʵ͵Ʀûֻǳõ㡣
ˮ
зִ磡
ˮЦ˵
ˮľҰſȥߵʱˡͨ˸޷⣬һԲϰεѪ岽
Сӣ˵ҲͷҵҪôغӮҡ
ľҰңңվˮ˵
óɣûóˣڵĵطûС
ˮǽľҰ˵
ľҰεûж˵ʲôֱһ죬һѩСһϣɢϢâһѩѩףΨȴīֻϺɫģѩԵӰҲʮףȴϸ
ȥɣ
ľҰһһ֣ѩһѩ׵ļʸһâˮȥ
ˮǰѾºڣȻҴ⣬Ѿˣ˾ͳ׺ľַڸоԷҲá
һ
ˮ԰ӣ
нһ
룬
ۣ
ˮȻڶϿԺܸߣҲֱӽʵת۷壬ǽһʹ
ֻѩīԴһһɫһɫԴУһǺǿġ
ˮһ˲ǸסֻѩԣǱܹĶҺ׼ȷޱȵþ뵽С
Ͻ
ƣ
ˮѪҺеİԵϻԹľ֮һѩбŷ
žžž
һܼıֱѩھʲôıһŽѩԱӲʯ˺弸ܣҲľҰŵһ㣬ߡԡ۵ĴڣǸطǴһĵطҲôױģǰѩԵֻСָǴСһ϶޷
ҲѩԸˮֱӱ빥
ˮȥûѩԣҲһɺϣԼнǿģɱԷýҲ̲УѩԵľˡ
ľҰʧȥѩԴܽʵһϾͰԼѩɱԼ֮ԸҺսȫ̵ѩԣûǱɱķݣǰѩԻţȫ¶
ˮľҰȥڿÿһƺܳأľҰˮһħһĴ
ʲôӦ㣬Ҫɱҡ
ˮǰľҹӣⱾǸãм崫лǿҩ˳˳ߵ˽졣
ԼϵΪ
ˮ˵
ҪҪʲôҶ㣬ҪϵΪ
ľҰֵĴ󺰡
ҵǷϵΪ
ˮξɱӺҪñ֪³
壬Ұ
ľҰĺš
ˣ
һ̾ϢһֱӳľҰߡ
壬ɱɱ
סڣ𡣡
ĺȵ
ˮˣߵͿͷѩףֻûһ˿ƣһ˫ϸ۲ɢϣһصӴһǿߵζ
˺ǿ
ˣϷ¼ҵˣ֪ܲľһӣνԩ˽ⲻ˽ᣬһʹô
˿ˮЦЦ˵
һʹӣʲôһʹ
ˮƽ˵
ϲʢ˵ӣΪһ仰ԼԼʲôͷ
úã˹ȻʢûôӣҵҪôΪ
ȵ
ӻңߡ
ˮİѴñӿ
ҽ쵹Ҫʲôʵôſ񡣡
˵Ҫ֡
㶯ԣܲѪ岽ԼϵǸΪҪҶ֣ҲΪҲϵ
һ˵ջ

ˮ˳


1204 ϵ飬ּ̨
ˮǳûпˣ֪Ϊʲô棬֪Ӧú߹йϵ
Ļһ£Ȼֵ˵ľҰǵλá
壬Ҫ㲻ܷҡ
ֻĻû˵꣬˵ѾȥһݵĲҽкľҰֱӻԹȥӦҵͷ
һҪĲ˵ҪģҪΪرǴﵽ磬ֻΪǲܻţܾãͻȻûΪ˵Ļƺܿͻ϶ܲס
ĳǸ˵һǴĳѧʦߣ˵ܴ󡢺ܴ
˲ỳɳĻľҰǱסˣԼûбҪװֻϣԼصľܺúõģԼľһһЩλ֪ܲƽȹľҰҲľҼӣȻ竵е츳
ȹǰһ˵ɣ
ߣ
˱ľҰľҵֱ뿪ˡ
û뵽֣ûг֣Բ䵽һǰԿľҰ˶
ˮҲ֪ΪʲôͷǸ壬ˮ֪Լܲսʤڴ֮ӡСɶûбʤգ治֪
һֱ߶֪Ϊʲôˮͷ
ܶˣ۵Ŀˮ޲ڰյԼǳΪͷԺڴû˸ǣٱϲǡ
ˮϻѩԵʬ壬Ҳ֪ôˣ˳ֱԽɾѩԵƤԶ¼ףҲԳΪϣѪʲôĿҩ˵ǺĶ
ľﻹô񣬱˻ô
ǣΪԼ޵аҶҲñ
ʵٴļҲ³ܼӰ
ǻҵ̷ḻǴ˵еĻӣ塣

ˮΧۣŮ߽һ
ѾиŮˣǸ欵ŮˣŮ޳ɵ·ڵסߣȻǿŵı͹ҲƲĿ⣬ס
ֻءεȫĸо㷢߸Ե޳ķ۾ԽͦӨ͸ķ۾״ɢ˵Ĺ
һ㾡˼ɫһ˫֮һǻһ˿˵ζֹĸо

ˮһʼеʧ񣬵ǺܿĻָȻͨϢټǸѾԶ϶ǳ
лٴԮ֡
ˮϵɫƽˮԼ֪һʲô顣
ƺһֱһ˿Ц⣬ֲˮǺܴ󷽣ƺȤһ
ѣÿһҪллء
˵ᣬһԵ΢еɳƣǡ
һƾ˵Ůˣ۳׺¡һҶ˿ѷɫ
Ů˲ѷɫŮͼŮӡ
ʮŮͼˮһθоҲ˵ʮֹϵŮˣˮֻ˵ѷɫŮͼϵŮӣ褺߹ƺҪʤһ
һˮ׼ҵ˶ǺܾнҲǣҲ߹Ȼһ㣬ǼĴԲ࣬ٺ١
ˣҪллæȥѧ
һŲ裬ûкȾƣղرɡ
Ȼྡ˵ɻ͵㣬ƺЧǺܺá
̫ǿˣһصǿһָо
ǺҾȣѧǶ죬òڻҲΪɡ
ˮЦ
ͽˮɣô֪һử
ˮ˵ΣŮ˰ԼԺҲҪһʱ仹Ҫ
ҿӵĻˣûв´Ļ㻭ġ
ҲǺȤ˵
ΪʲôôΪأ
ˮҲǲ⡣
ڻҲһӣǷӵĻ㻭ģΪǷֻлǲģûп̹ĵİİǻģ֪˵ĶԲԡ
ˮ˵
мҲһ߹
ˮû˵Ҳˣ˵ǶԵģֻǵڲ֪ˮڻϾȻôΪǶˮĵ۳Ǿû˭ģΪǸûˮġ
ˮǲ֪仰˼ֻЦЦһԵ߹ٴ䣬һֵĸо

ʱܿȥˣӣŵƽʣ͵ʱ翪ʼ
Ҳ˲ˣڣҺܶ˶ˣƽʱѵһֺܶ࣬׼Ҳŷ˲١
׼ҵʲôҲˣϯÿһ˶󣬱Ͼֲν˶ͨˡ
ⲻʲô𿴲ͨ˵⣬꣬ͨ˻áǰѣ˶ˡ
Ⱥ֣
ȻһƬ󣬵кܶ˵ģĳ˳֣ˮҲ⣬֪ܲûס˳
һʱ󣬻̨ʼˣˮû뵽Ҳл̨ʢеĴ½Ҳô֡
Ȣǻޣ
ҲıԱԣҪӲأ⹫Ȣˡ
һҵ̨Χȭһ׼ҵˣܲܰѹȢȥͿˡ
⣬Ҳ޳ͦΣʵǺǿˮЦſţ֪ˣֻ߸ѡ
׼ҲȥһˣʵͻҵĲ£ǱȭţȻ죬Ǳݣƽճ
Żڳ׼ҲʵԽԽǿȻǱݳɷ־Ӷ࣬չʾõҲʾס

һҵӺ󣬻ϾˣʱҲˣܱȭ׼ʱͻȻһӰ˶̨ϡ
̨֪ܴܲһӮǲҾȢ
һ
ڶ̨ϵһˣӢаϴһЦݡ
˭ﲻӭ㡣
˲õĺ
ϲ𣬴Ҷմ񲻸ą̃ѵֻǿģѵ׼Ҹоزס̨
˷Ƶ
ھͰȥ
һ˳ȥ
˾ģƿվ޴ȭͷҪʱĴȴǺֱؿڡ
һȴǿѪĵɳȥ
ͻȻرóúܱܾȣе¶ֻ飬ڿ֡
̫ˣѵ˳ûһ𣿡
ڶ̨Ц˵

ȥٶȺܿ죬ˮıҲˮ¼סѥӣ


1205 ʨӲȫ㲻ʨӣҲ
ٶȺܿ죬գ۾Ѿ嵽˶̨ϣˣܷŭҲ֪˵Ŀ£ȫԸˡ
ˮ̨аˣǰ˵Ļƺǳųģִ򲻹ԼѾµӵݡ

ˮоӦǳڵûж׳ʲôɥ飬̨
ϲ£ǿͣȻ̨һʽҲûԸȥƻ˵Ļ̨ǸʵҲȥ
̨иĵĹ涨һǲŮϳģȻҲǾԵģѾˣѵ˳ûʤ
˺Ը൱Ըĸ꿡ŵս׵׼ҡ
Ϊ׼ˣ
ڳѾˣ˵һ壬ڳһŮȥԵڳ˺ܲá
ȥֻͣһ£ͷ˵һ룡
ž˹ȥ
ĽһӰҲǣ̿ͽһɱֱǰʧֱܺӶߣѰһλᡣ
ˣ˶㿪ѸٺˣȻٴƾĲȥ
һβˣˮ˵Ĳ̾ˣʵ֮Ĳ̫ˣνһʮᣬο˵ĲҲǲ䡣
У
˴ݵȻͻֱӻΪһƬӰȥ
أ
ߵķݷȥһó˾ֹ׼һҪȥקסˣȥҲˡ
ȣٲߣҲ㶫
ʱ򳤹ˣһûĶ֣ԼܴǴΣһʼˣ˸еԲ򲻵֣ʵﻹڴһע⣬ˮ֪һܲٳִ漣
ΪʲôͲܸһأﲻãҸģʲôġ
˳ü˵
Ҫɱǰɣ
䣬ƺȡ
ҾվҲܿģǸһܴȥȻҽԸϡ
վ̨˵ˣ
ȻԼҾͳȫ㣡
ûһ鲨
ְɣ󣬾Ͱɣ
ʱˮվŶ̨ȥ
ˮͻأǺĿˮû뵽ʱ˸ȥǳҲܾȣ߹ˡ
ǳڵʦˣλҲֻżȻΪˣ㿪ʼ׷󣬵ûй־ٶʹҲȽʮΡ
ǹִžϤ˶еȣû˳Ҷܡ
ҲǳûɱȾһлͻ뷨ӽҲǳһֱûɱһֱģһ쳤ᱻжġ
ȥɣҲٶˡ
ˮ˵ûаˮ
Ī֪Ӯң˵ˣ
ˮЦ˵
֪ηȻˣɣܼغϣӮˣ뿪
Ҳ֪ôͱˮŭˣôõļʱ򷴶õģΪûаˮ
ãô˵棬ҽ͸һ飬ʨӲȫο㲻ʨҲӡ
ˮ΢Ц̧֡
̫ʽ
̫ʽúãѹ
ҵҪʲôҪȫಫɣȹС
Ȳᱻˮ仰ŵоԼ̱ˮߵ·ࡣ
ˮҲܸܵȵ飬Ц˵ʵԸ̫ԴˣҲ̫ˣ֪֪ʤͻԶûлᣬǿԶߣֻҪʤˣжߡ
ˮųȵɫϿΣƺҲܶ˵
һγȵһ㶣Ϊˮ˵Ļ뷨ˣǰȥ׼ҵˣԼѣûʲôȤǱԼǿأ
뵽ԼӦþ߰ɣûɱԼѾǺܲˣԽԽǺ£һֱմմϲûɱԼôĿɱ
ʵһУ
ܽӮҶлл㣬ְɣҿǲô
΢Ц˵һɫѾǰ仯˺ܶࡣ
Ҳһ־ɣʱ֣Ҫȷʱ͵ص㣬ҪȷˣɱĵطЩҲϡ
ˮ̤Źֱӳȡ
νмһֱ֪ǳˮһѾóһͻΪֶԷĲ̫ˡ
֣
һƽˮϵ֣һֻƹųȵļȥһ˵Ĺζ
֣
Ϻһˮϴȥ
ˮôԸһѸٻΪȭ
ž
ˮӰһ˽һŹ¹һĳڳȵ࣬һȭȻ¡
ת
ž
Ȳִٽ֣Ȼһ
ˮľ绹нǶȣ԰ʵӵٶȺ;ٶҲٶȵҲôֵġ
ˮͳȶǳֿȭʹûʹá
ˮԿֿȭˮ򣬾ʵǿҲռκαˣƺѾǰ˵С
ѾԽԽľҪǸоԽԽ죬˫ԽԽǿٶԽԽ죬ڲ֪ʹ˳
˫Ѿ뿪˶̨ﵽ˿УƺҲǾͨȭţܲ
˺죡
ϴһĻһһţһߵתһ
ǧӡܣ
ˮѸٽӡһĽɫγǰ棬˫ûͣٴνӡ
ֻ죡

ȻûʹǲСȻȭͷһӿֱһȭϷľ޴ӡȥ
һһѪȭͷʵһȭͷصĺĽɫӡϡ
ž
ɫӡѪȭͷˣ
ѾСˣԼóȭŶռ˿ˣһԸ˳һκˡ
Ѫڣ
ͻȻȫ֣ȻûмŶ֣ɣóǿʵҲϣڡ
ˮ֪ԷʹԼǿʵˣҲҴ⣬óǽԷϳһ˫ѪףһͲǷƷ
ӡ
ң
ˮųĳȣֱһӡȥǰˮӡԱ⣬ֱڶԷϣּʹԼǿҲڶʱ
ȵٶһ㣬Ըܵһ㡣
ɽ
ˮʶƾɽųײȥ
Žһ
շħ
Ĺ庣ڣ
ֻˮʩչɽѾһȭĵ˻
ȥ
ˮʶƾɽٴγȥһα俪ʱˮֱٴþɽײȥһˮʩչľ޴ɫ޹Ѿѹ˹ȥ
ƣ
һˮһ߿žɽһýɫѹ˾ɽϣųȺȥ


1206 ˣңңڵİ
ˮͳȵʵ٣似ʵҲܴ֪֣࣬ȶҲáɱҲãӦԼʮֵʵȻʱˡ
֮
ƣ
ɫ޴İһѹžɽſֲϢһס˳ȡ
һӱʵټӡãһó޵鶼ˣ˲ϿޣͻȻѹĴɽǸӣĻšѹ޴
ǣ
ϱŷһȦĹΣֱӽȰΧУ涼龰
ʱɽصĺ˳ϣһ˲к¡죬Ǵź䣬ʱֳȻõϵĻȴûˡ
ɣ
ȶˣٶȱǰٿֹˮҲܵԷϢһֿĵ϶

ȵֱֻƺ䳤һЩΪͨɫˮֱֻһֲֿٶ𶯣Ķһһɹɵ˫ȭ
ˮҴ⣬̧־ǳϫӡ
ˮ֮֮
ˣ
ɽ
ˮһһУһӲֻˣикöˮζ֮ĿֲϢĺ
ˮʱ򲻸Ҳ˽ˣ֣Ѹٽӡܿһֻ޴Ľɫݳ֣ǵصƴһֹϰ켣
߶۷壡
֮ӡ
ȥ
ɰڴһ٣ҪʤսʤȾˡ
޴ĽųȳȥʱѾ˳ϫӡ˾ɽˮֻǾ˲ܵǿĿֲϢҲֻɫɫڱˡ

һ͵Ľգųȥ
ϵĻԽʵʣ˫׳ĺ⣬ֱ۵Ѹٵ϶ǰѸһѪɫһѸٵŴӶȥϢĺһַĿԻƿ

ǣ
һӴǺһĶһӽˮһ̸оڷӿ
ԣ
ʧˣһӰߵķһֱӷԶѪҪǮ£
ˣ
ֳˣ
Զȥʱ򣬵Ӱ˹ȥӦҪȥ˵ĳȡ
ȥסǣ
һͻȻվȵ
ˣǸӣ߰ɣ
㰲ˡ

һֱɢȻвڣˮˣٴһЩ˿ҽرġ
ҲڣȻûб仯ǺǿԿˮĵ棬ʵ󲻳ôģһͿԳͷسΪˣѧ졢ҽ˵ľƺͲҲױȡ
û´һ죬Ȼࡢ䶼ڣ褡߹ݡ׻ˮŮڣҲڡ
ܲ⡣
ˮų˵
ôֻҪܻشĶش𡣡
΢Ц˵
ʦļʦ֮ʵҲ̫ܲ˵
ˮܺ档
ûʲô˵Ҳû̫׼ģʦʵƣ۷ʮƣԽʮƵʵļʦʵ֪ʮƵʵļʦҲ۷ʵ
΢Цſˮ
ˮǸ𺳣ʦļʦ࣬˵ļʦĳļʦĸ߼׶֮Ĳ࣬ļʦ۷嶼֪Ƕʵ
֪ţļʦ಻࣬ļʦи߼ģʵʮƵġ
ˮٴʵ
ЦˣԻţļѧļΪļʦܳΪļļ֮ĺ蹵ǵΪʦļʦǰһ
ˮҲܸܵԼڻʦֻг޷Ƶķʱǿﵽļʦʵʵȷе˵Լﲻ㲻ʦ۷ʵ
·ޱȡ
ˮûʳʲôʵΪеð֪һЩԼҪ֪ĶļļŲٵļʦѹ
ļʦɣ״ﵽļʦʲô磬ȷʲôʵ֪ѧʦߣѧʦߣɼѧʵôֲ
ʦߣѧҲһЩϹģ֪ûʵߣǴ˵еĿ´ڣ½һˡ
ˮԼİ죬ѵİ죬ûһ㶯ˮ֣һҲͻƲҲ֣ҪĪĻԵ
ˮҪѧ׳ͣЪЩӰɣһܽѧԵĻǽЩӣ֪ܲܣҪʾǰõ
վ˵
ǾͶлˣ
ˮվл

ʵˮڻи⣬ǾߵŮʵǰѧǿԴҾ죬ҲѧÿһӵȨֻǲܳˣҲ߶
ˮȥǲ̫ˣϾǵӣ߶һ㶼ǵӴ˻ŮӣϾ˵˾ЩӴȥкʲôģȻҲԲ
ܽѧһ㶼ˮҪѧĹ涨Ϊ֣˵ȥ֪еĲ֮
Ѿͷʲô㣬ȥѧ𣿡
ȥ·ˮʵ
ȥҾȥǡ
Ůƽ˵
ˮ̾뿪ҲģԼѧһЩĳɾ;Ժܿ¡
ˮȥѧһЩӣˣ뿪ɡ

ˮڻѾˣʱû뿪̣ҲǴٺܶ˶֪ĳ̻ˡ
µʱˮʵҲڿٵǰӲƣԴһ巢仯󣬾ʶ˽֮ʵٴνͻͽĳ̶ȣǰƺǱˣܳһʱûнչ
һȴˮ޵׶ĸоÿ춼ѪҺڱ仯ʵǿҲȹ̣ÿԼʩ뿪Ǳ
оܳʵϴκͳ̸֪½ˮǺɲ⣬һЩĴڡ
Ҳͳ˵ʱᵽһ㣬ĴڣʵޣȴǱһ޵Ҫߵö࣬ҺܶǷһִڣǵʵܿ£һ̶ϣʵԳΪɼôĿ£һֳԽ޵ǿޡ
ˮСС·϶Уһ㶼ԶѪƾõĴڣһັĵط
뵽ЩˮԽĸоԼʵǺСԼʵķһ£ǾͻƵ졣
ϧˮڻûҵͻƵе㷢оһ·ǾȰɾ˼
Ҳֻɾ˼ҵ


1207 ӣŮǰ
ɾˮɾ֮ǰΪ̩ģȻҲ̩ȴûеƷǰ뷨
ǸеĻˮ治֪ʲôõķɾԺе˼š
ʱѾˣϾҪˣе̫ůģůĺ
ŮˮҲ֪ʲô֣ˮһЩɫŮԸףöֳˮܿģҲһϣܿ
Ůʵ⽫һµʱлͻͽҲڱ仯еĽڱ仯
ˮḺ́ԪĵҲ˺ܴĴٽãŮ̫ȫ߸ˮ֮ǰʶҲܸıʲôѾ˲ͬһ̫֮·
ʮУŮˮΪʦӦҲ뿪ˣˮϵĵһͽܣʽʲôĶҲ棬׼ҵ˶Ǽ֤ߡ
Ѫɷ֧ͻƵʦڵսȴǺֲܿԳ
ʮѾ˳ɾͣҲǲȴѧ󿴿ǲҵĻԵ
һ뵽ӣְԼΪʦˮҡҡͷűѧչƺˣ˭ԸģȻױȣųκˣһ谭
ʦ
ˮۿŮһվһߣЦŽӹԼڸҶˡ
ˮָָľΣ¡
ЩѪɷѣʵ̫ҲСˣǿ󣬵ȴ£ʵսȫһݾˮڸоԽˡ
ǰΪһһ̫ȭΪ˵̫СɺͿѹڵ
ֻû뵽̫ȫˣǿѹڵˮʼΪãǴﵽˡ
ʱͿʼŮĲ¹͹ˮоŮʺϹȻǲΪǲʺ̫ȭģȻӦĽ׶£ϾһԪǣǻٵԡ
˵󲽡ԲǱȽʺֻ̫ĿǰѧľǲһԪǻǺܺöȹġ
Ůѧϵ츳ǿ˵ѪɷڴУֱӹඥˮģǽ١

͵ˮȥϺ̵ʱû뵽ˣһ׼ҵҲڻ̣Ѿˡ
褡߹幫Ҳڣ褺̨֪诺Ůֻ֪ǿ̨诺ʱǾޱȡ
֪ˮӺһŹޱȣǿ֪ˮѾһϵľɫŮӣһǰĿ̹ĵģֳһ˵ӡ
߹֪Уٴ䡭
ԽƯǿŮԽǽԹͷİ߹ҲǣΪʲôôŮ˸Ըͱ˹һˡ
ǲ֪ˮͼŮ֮Ĺ£Щ޷⣬˵߹ȫ˽ˮ
ˮǿޱȣ˲ڳǰ˱̨ʱ뵽ǰ£еεĴк
ܶˣ߹Ҳʶ̨诣һ̸
Ů˭ҲˮŮܵʱ˵̵ʱŮ̽ʦ
ǼŮһκˮ֮˵֪Ů˵Ϊˮ
̨̺ˣֻǴûþͶ뿪ˣŮǻطˣʱˮ
ԺУˣ裬ʱ䷢飬ʵһʱˮ͸ܵŮʵҲѸٵ
̨ʱˮܻе㲻ȻϴĶӵģһһͺ뵽ˮ֪Ϊʲôˡ
ô󰡣û뵽һڳǣһôҵ
̨΢Цſˮ
ˮʱͻ᲻ıܿĿ⡣
𣿡
ˮе㾪ȵʵ
Уһ·öࡣ
ЦŽӹ⡣
ˣ̣һ۳Ϣˡ
ˮоӦø
Ŷ̫ˣʲôʱҵá
̸˵˵
ĸˡ
ĳǰһ棬ڲھͲ֪ˡ
ļ
̨ʱ˵
ţǿ
ˣˮʲô𣿡
̿ˮʵ
ҾͼѧԼŪݺһ뷨ȥ䡣
ˮ˵
Ҫѧ
Ůܾȡ
˭ҲȣѧżܸߵģҲҪǹʦʵһҪ
ŮȻʵǿ󣬵ﵽͼĹʦҲҪһЩʱգĻ˰ߵҩʲôģȻܶࡣ
ˮоϺһ⣬ҪʲôȻŮٶȲô졣
ôǲǼѧá
ˮЦʵ
ǣȻˣû뵽ã˰ɡ
̨诹ŹֵĿˮ
ˮ̨诣ֱĿŻعͷǰ̨ɫǺܿĵġ
Ҳ֪Ŀģ·ŮɬĶ㿪Ŀ⣬ֱֿĵĸо
̣Ϻðɣ
ˮڵԱݵʱ˺ܶࡣ
ܺðʱ뿴㡣
Ц˵
˵ǵòá
̨˵
仰˶еΣˮɫеΣ̨С㣬ҵ׶㿴ȥˡ
ȥ˵ΪԸ⿴ˡ
ˣ˻˵ûİԿҡ
ˮر
Ͼһڣ̰ԵĶʲôĶˣʵϲ߿ԼԼŮ˻ãԹǸŮֻҪûмͻų⡭
ˣ˵ˡ
ҲǺܲ˼ļһ䣬ʵһΪ飬̨ãҲںˡ
ȻϴͲȥϺˡ
̣ˣкܶ໰˵
ˮ̵֡
仰ɫͨ죬̨һվǿ㣬Һ̽˯
㲻ϲŮˡ
ˮŹֵĿ̨诣ȵ°ͶҪˡ
ʲôأϲŮˡ
̨请ÿˮʲô£ָо
ǰҲģҲԶַĴæΪˮǵһˡ
оìܣûҪˮΣûκΣʵìܣرǷϴε飬ҪҲ֪ˣ˺ܳʱ䣬Ҳǰֹˮ
Щĳ̫ˣһǰδеĸо
̨诳ȥˣ
̨̿诳ȥˣ̲סˮһۣǽĵˮȣĺǰͬˣԼǰǸСŮˣǰĳ졢ġǿȻڣԼǰֻԼܿСŮζ


1208 ţǰѧ
̿ˮ㶵ĿշһƬ糺죬΢΢ͷﻹһģ
ʵһֱìܣرݵʱ򣬵˭ҲûдʹԼ˵Լһ˵ʱ֪ģǷݸжڶ£һֱԼĲԼһֱŬ
֪Լڱ仯ʱԼеİݵʱ·飬ҲûܺˮߵһһֱԼһУʧˮǰ
ҲԵְɣԵҲ㣬ԼȵãٴξԼһңŮڵģһжΪƾһҲ㹻ˡ
˷ǲľ飬һ˸ԸΪô࣬ﲻжǲܵģοԼߺߵŮȣûʲôơ
ҪһǣڷԼˣܰڲ֪бǱĬĸı䣬ϴη飬ҲܽܣҺһʱܶ˵飬ǰҲ鶼ֻ˵ʱ򡭡
뵽ЩĻ棬ͻеѪҺڣ̧ͷˮʱˮȴЦ򷿼ߣѾղ֪ζˣҺ̽ӴȻеζ

ˮ־ߵ̲סһ
Сʤ»飬ˡ
ˮѸ̵̴һЦֱһѺᱧŷȥٶȺܿ졭
ɬֱӰͷˮؿڡ
һ䣬ˮ͵ýŹžҳȥˮѹϣĴķһ
ˮ𼱡
ˮûͱֳסǰء
ôˣ
ˮŽ糺ʵ
˵᲻ϴ
Сʵ
ɣȥˡ
ˮ˵
ˮ˵ôᷢ飿
̺ĿˮʵǼһֱ֣
Ҳ֪ǲ˵òãȿĿġ
ˮЦžҪͷ
ٱÿô죿
̻е㵣ġ
ˣˣˣ
ˮٴͷ˵ʲôȴǱˮס졣
ܿ˵·ͷ׷ɢ䣬ˮǰӵָоֻʴǣ¶ƺ
һβȫſһֱٴηϴε飬ҪˮñӸסˡ
ʱϵıӻ䣬֪˻˺üƣƺҲ֮ǰĵģ˵ʮǡʮ绢Ӧõ˰ɣǰ˵
̲⣬ˮҲ󣬸ѩΣβˮײڶӾˮо궼Ʈ
ʵˮһֱ벻ףиôŮػôҲǷۺ㣬ͦˮǰʶ޷⡣
ѵΪŮͼϵŮӷʵԭ
ˮȢ¸¥ͲرǲǴӣȻ˵ںǳֻܹԼ̫Ѿĸˡ
϶ţѾ֪ǵڼηƶˣмһΣʳ֪ζĸоֻͣϼʱŻоޱȵ㡣
ˮɣһ𣬿ǼͦأжǷۺ㣬Լͦͦţˮ΢΢ܺסһֻţš
΢΢ţ΢ĴϢֱֻˮͷ

һֱڵʱϤ·ų̂ҲˣվȵĿ̽ںƯ治
ʱˮպôӳ̨߳诵Ļֱһ㶣̨诿ˮҲ޵ݣƽʱʱҲῪЦЦ̣û뵽ˮδµĴӶҸطȥ
̨СҸ׵ģ㿴ôů
ˮŷ˱߱˵
Լ֪ô˵ˣҲǰĻɡ
̨û˵ˮһ䣬ˮϽ뿪˳ȥŮԷ
ˮ뿪ˡ
̨ƵĿ̣ˣ湻Ƶġ
ˣ˵ˡ
е㲻˼˵
̽㣬ĺƯ
е
ܿŮˮˣˮҲŮӴһˣٷԵղǶãŮ˵̨Ҳô˵̺ˮ˵˵
ˮҺȻطˡ
̨̺诽ʰ˵
ӣǿѵһġ
ˮɴ˵
ǰѾ
̨һûȫ˵
Ǹå
̨ҲƵˡ
Ҳ˯ȥˡ
Ů˵Ҳˡ
ĿˮȻ˵ȥãˡ
ҲãǵûҪһΪרǸٺ٣Ͼͱ˯֤ġ
һȥ׷̨ˡ
ã
ס̨诺һŷȥ
ܰģ̽Ҫϧѽ
̨Ц˵
ãǲϲ
ͻȻʵ
ûУôܣôŮôϲҿû̽ôػ
̨һ˵
̨̺һʱܳˣƽʱ̨˵˵ҲŸо̨诺ˮ֮ƺҪһܲ١
Żʡ
ЦЦû˵

ڶˮŮŮڸתת˳㶫㹻еǵط䣬˵Ҳûʲô֡
ŮˮҲʡȥŮˣϾҪǰѧĻҪǴкġ

һµʱ䣬ѾٽˣµʱˮĴ֮ӡСɣʵȴǴﵽʮơ
󣬲ڵǳﵽʮš
Ҳһһź͵ˮϡ
ķģһǰѧźƾſԽѧ
ϾҪˣͿȥˣˮﻹǺܿĵģڿȥѧˣ⽫ԼһҪƽ̨ͨԿӹء
ݵĵһ꣬ǲûҲΪ֪ˮҪ뿪ɡ
ʱڻˮģ߹Ҳڣǻˮһǰѧ
ѾʱҪƲˣҲҪˣˮ׼׼ѧʵͨŮˮ֪ѧɵģǳ⣬ֻҪһлȥһξͿԡ
ҲԭˮŻѧΪƺţ˵˵Լѧ⻷Ϳȥ۳Ϣ
ңܿҾͻˡ
ˮ˵


1209 ִѧŮͨ
ܿȥˣˮ褺߹Ṳ̊ǰѧ·;
ѧţݵһʵڣҲǰĿɽ
֮һΪĹ涨ͬʵɱͼ߼ս߼Ե޹ʵļ̤ͼԭ
ѧļ֮кҲо֮սʺţݵʵΪļѧûʱľ
ѧǺԶģˮʹþҲҪ£ֻֻеĻҪʱһ㡣
Ϣ컹ǳ·ŮҲҪصѧȥˡ
һº
һ·ϴڶɽӴأǵһμʶţݵɽأֺΰİɫˮһ
ݵʱֺܶ࣬һ·ϵǺƽһ·ϾĶ֮أһ·ŮҲ֪һЩҲһӶࡣ
ˮѧʱǱˣ
˭˵½ûи߲㽨
һֱĽ¥󡢿ͥԺݣǹ񹤣һ𺳡
ĽһּĲƳɼһЩơͨɣʦļʦ޷ʱڻٻУͬεĸ߶ȶӰ
ĸ֣ѧÿֶһСɽͷһҲһȺɽ֮أϸЩҪɽ֧ŵģеֱɽ
ˮŻعȻѧĴȥ޹زɷԲܷȥҪߴţֻݸ˲ܷɡ
ӦǴŰɣ̫ˣˮеԽܡ
ʾƣ
һſڣ˱㱻סˣϰſÿѧĵӶ֤ݵơ
褺߹ƣˮó˳ţ˿ǳţϹˮһ¡
ˮЩˣ䲻ǺܴﲻӦڰң΢Сһ㣬ӦöʮϣЩŵҲһʦĳʵ
̫ˣõһʦȻѧֻŵġ
ܿ죬Ǹ˾˻λӣС㣬Ůʦȥ
Ůʦߣ
ˮɻ
ҽͽŮ߰ɣ֪
Ƿϲû֣ѧĶбʾˮڲ֪Ů
ǿ֣
ˮǵǰиǿŮ˾ͽŮǰеŮͨɺͷˮҲֻǸпһ£Ϊһ
ĻΪգ³ӦýŮ
ˮֻ֪幫ţ˵ģ߹ʲô֪Ҳûжô֪
ʲôط
һˮʵ
ǳסĵط
褴
˵ٴˮܵĵλ˴վڰɽΧԶ֮ڶûбĽ˵ݡ
󣬵رţλúͰɽľɫָоرǿңû
һ̤ȥʱͿͤлʲô
ʱûмŮղɷ촩һѩ׵£ĹȻĶ
ˮ̧߽ͷЦſȥݣɣһҶһֺ쳾ζȴǹˡ
㣡


ǵٶͦģҴȥׯԺ
±˵
ʱˮĻһˣһŮˣƣҪ
ˮ뵽ʲôûʣʱ߹˵ˣĸˡ
߰ɣ
ЦЦʹˮȥ
ˮսʱоѧ򣬵֪ڲŸоʲôĽֲΣΧ
Խ棬ԽǼУһ㶼ʵµģʹٵ͵ҲһһСͥԺСռһĶңһ¥СԺ
ˮׯԺ棬߱˵ˮȻڻҪײ㣬ҪϽʱׯ԰Ҳ⣬ߴչҲø󡣡
ף
ˮЦŻһ
һ·ϵˣܶ˶ǹĺͳкеһʦҲʦġ
ˮСԺһ㣬ΧСԺܶ࣬ˮԼСԺʱ⣬С¥ÿʵһΧ°˼䷿˵ֻס˵ĻСԺǿסʮ˵ġ
ǲǻ⣬͵ºȥˣʱͿԻסլˡ
߽Ժٴ˵
ǲѧˡ
ˮЦʡ
ǰɣΪģҪһи𣬲Ҳ÷ϣûоԵʦߺ͵ӣֻҪܿһʦߡ
Цſˮ
֪ѧʲôʵһʦߣ
ˮʵ
ҲһȫǰʵҪʮƣҪڰ֮ڣ˰֮ڣҪʵҪһ㡣
ˮЦ˵
ˮоⱳһѧˣЩţǧеžۼأһŵĳȥһɺӵĴڡ
ԽĶԳôﵽʵģ֪ʵûг꣬ʵҪʮƣߡ
Ҳ֪Ȼƾҵǵ㴫иܴﵽʵġ
˷䣬ſѧ·ûУһƣͼͨƣѧݣʵſŵĵλһġ
ͨӡ߼ӡӢӡͽﵽͽͻᱻѧһЩΪӣȻһͻΪѧʦߡ
ʦѧڲ
ˮѾͷ˵ľƺܺúȣ֪ܲƷһ¡
΢Цſˮ
ˮһ㶣֮ãԺúȺá
ˮһڳ÷ˣȻоơ
ǳҲǶˮľ޲ڣȻзʲôģ극һĴۡ
ߵʱˮ٣Ҳûпˮľлм̳Ů졣
ѧĵݱ任ֻͬʱҪѧĹֵֵֶѧĹҳϣֻйֵʵﵽˣݲ
ˮҲǣ˵ֵģԽԽѣƺҪѧһЩ顣
ˮҡҡͷȲȥЩϰĻȻٿǲǿݣҲҪŪӢӵݡ
ӢӺ;Ӣ֮ҪĹֵСҪΪͽͺѣͽ;Ӣ֮ĲʮϰٱͼǾѧġ
ˮҲûţҲϣϾԽϿԽӴĶԽֻ֪࣬ܶ࣬ණܸԼ˵
ˮҺһǵľ󣬺ˮõģľƺԶ֮һӦʲô
ˮøŮڲҪ


1210 ޳ĳǣͽ
ˮѾˣвû뿪ׯԺһΧҲûʲôˮģȥӴˣȻΧҲӴ
ˮûнӴΪ֪ԼܿͻʵӢûʲô⣬ֻǹֵѾ褺߹æֻҪкʵ񣬸
褺߹ѧĸ߼ӣǵʵӢӣ˵Ӣˮ뵽콣衣
ӦúܿɣټѣӦÿѰɣѧľӢӣ֪ĸģӦбֻǱ𳤹˺ܶ࣬Ѿ֮䣬𳤹Ҫĳɾͻǲܸϳˡ
ˮ뵽ߵģûһʶģҲʹͷʵӿٵʱƺ屻ˣ;ﻹн𵤿ԳܸԪ
ˮˣһο׬ȡֵȻͨ˾ͿԳΪ߼ˣֱӳΪӢӡ
褺߹ˮ˵
ˮҲһϲæʵʲô񣿡
ܴģϮѧȥЩޣƾõ޵Ʒ㹱ֵ
޵ֻдﵽһʦ޲дô޵ڵҪĶͬʵ˹ֵҲǲͬġ
ѧȥ٣
ˮ˵
ܶ࣬ͨӡ߼ӡӢӣһЩͽʦҲȥһβ޳ܿµġ
߹˵Ҳһǡ
Ǽ
ˮƺڲ뵽⡣
۷ǿһʹɽԶһ޳ǴӴɽġ
褿ˮ˵
۷ʵǿˣļһһҪΪ۷Ѿ˺ܶļʦڡ
ţݣļʦرǸ߼ļʦѾţݽĴڣֻǶ۷ĻҲͳһ
۷񳤹ʵӦвٰɣˮҲ֪ȷеʵҲֻǲ²⡣
׽㣬ʲôʱж
ˮʵ
죬Ѿкܶǰˣѧᷢǰл߽ǰ
˵

ˮʵ
оУԲ̫綯˭֪ĸϵǿޣãԲô
ѵѧ֯񣬶õԼ𣿡
ˮɻ󣬱ΪһЩѧĹֹЩӵİȫû뵽ȫһַε̬
ѧʵʦߡ֮仹кܶŶӣʮʮǧľһʲôĻҲǿ
߹Ц˵
ѵѧ𣿡
ˮ֣˵ɲӦûģҲо֣Ҳģֻǲԣɵļҵȵȡ
ֵƺѧԣԼֵ֧ĸо
Ȼ벻ͨˮҲͲˣҲѧԼһͨݵĵ˽ʲô˽ѧֻаҲֻе˳Ǹ߶Ȳ˽ѧɡ

ڶ죬ĸ̤ǰ·;ˮŮЦûѧ𣿡
ȥң˵ҲŻﰡҽŻͷŻͽ
߹Ц˵
ԭ
ˮ·ҲģﵽȻԶҲҪһʱ䣬⻹ٶȱǰ˺ܶŴﵽġ
·û¾ģҲܶл˽⡣
ɱС࣬Ǻǿ󣬲󲿷ֵǽ֧š
߹˵ͻرĿģһֳݡ
Ŷжˣ
ˮʵ
ֻǧˣһȽСŻˡ
߹ĵ˵
㲻أ
ˮʵ
ӦɣҽģдһЩ˻϶ģȻ˭Ҫ뿪ҲΪѵġ
߹ˮ
Ҳ֯ˣ̫ˣΪҪ롢Ҫأ̫鷳ˡ
ˮɵ˵
Ϸ򣬵ˮϵϷʱ򿴵һƬƵľǲϵķ
ĳǣ
ԵٽɽĴĳǣʱѾ˻ʳǣһƬ棬̵ζʱĿʬ壬һЩ޵ʬ塣
ǵĲٽɽڻֻڴĳǶѣʱŰһĳǿһЩѧˡ
ˮȥɣǼȥɱޣǺͱ˼һɱޡ
߹ΰ˵
һӦûһʱ䣬ɣ˰ɣи󷨣˳Ρ
ˮ˵
ŶҲã
Ůͬ⣬Ůû˵ˮ˵ʲôġ

һֵȼ󷨣һ
λҪһɣҿĸе㵥Σյġ
ʱһˮ̫һִаԽ
ˮͷһȺ˵Ķ飬Ϊ׵һӣͣһ˫۾ʱĻżŮۿ
ޣ߲˶е̰
ˮЩ˲ʶԼһˣȻѧķΣѧĵ̫ˣûһҲаʮԲʶǲʶҲ
лˣҵѺܿˣͲһˡ
ˮЦ˵
Ǹǿǣ֪Ǹʲô𣿸ͽܿͻᱻһΪӡ
һ޳ϸ۵˵Ųм
˵ЩҪʲô
ˮǸ˵
ǸȻˮĻҭһ£ǵһοôֱˣɫһӱúѿСӣѵ±޳Ե𣿡
仰ԵвˣˮȴЦˣôҪɱǣ
ɱС¡
ĲֻǺ
Χ̫ˣϾĳ̫ˣѧͲ˶ɢˣһʱֳ΢
¶ѧôѧôˣÿ춼ˣڴĳǣ޸ʬ޴棬˻ɺͶʡ
ˮŮû뵽ѧҲﶼǿʳǺܵģŶ棬׼ʱ֡
˵ʲôأҶѧˣȻλԸһҲͲǿˣλء
Ϊ׵һƺǰ˵ˡ
仯ˮ⣬ˮΪתͷɶǵľ裬ЦŵͷȻżŮ뿪
ȺͶԷ֣ϾԷ˶࣬ʵ¼ŮԿԲƲǲᶯ֡
ˮ뿪ˡ
ӣô֡
ǰ˵˲ʵ
㶮ʲô֪ϹЩҲ˵˵ٱܳӰ
ѵһ䡣
ǣⲻǿǼС椱־ˬһٻʮҲԸ⡣


1211 ɣڣ
ܲе־
ε̾
Ǿװ׷̫ϧˣѧȻŮ٣ǰЩûʵƯľԲ࣬ϴ
˵
֪ˡ
ҡҡͷ
ͷһȺ߸ҲǴѧķΣǰǶ֣ôڹҪˣ˻
߰ɣ
˵ͷ뿪ֻ޵Ŀˮ뿪ķһɸӵζ

ˮ뿪ܳأȻоûаȫУǸӣǸͽڱϱԼʵҪʤһʵսˮоܰԷ˶ࡣ
еĵǣڵʵѸУֻҪʱʵͻѸٵҪһݡ
߹д˵ƽʱʹãһѺñһЩ˵Ŀһ߹ǲʹþġ
ʵҪ˾Ӣһʵߵٴͻƣ㹻İȫϺ󣬵ʱͿİõʹˡ
ӱϿʲôرģ±˻ɵϣСΪá
Сģ߷סǰ˵ģеѪҺ
ˮλվãһɱϢ
ܿԶʮֻޣ޴ʨӣȴ˫ᣬͣһˮֱӴǵص쭷
ֱǰѪҺڣˮһս
ˮ˵ƽо޴ѹͬʱҲǵ
ɱ
ɱ
ɱ
ˮɱһһÿһ˾͸оڵѪҺڲϵķȣӿ죬𣬾޴Ѿ嵽˽ǰ
ɽ
ʩչ˻ֻŮûлʹȫʱһ͸ĺ
ˮǽȻǵýɱҪ֮ĺϻ֮ʵ˾ʹãٶһЩҲԣֻԽѶԽ
Щ޵ʵǺǿ󣬲ȻˮҲ֡
׽㣬ϲת̽
Ѿͷбϳȭ

ˮһԲʱĻǣǸˮĸоɱ¾о
սȡˣЩ˲ôֻܻȡһ㹱ֵֻɱЩҪչֵ̫ˡ
ˮҸоֻϣǵսӣһһڶ
ǿޣȻⷬɱˮû֮ͬʱҲӴȣֻüŮܵǿɱΧ
ȻŮҲвսܵɾͣ˼崫⣬оǱʵս࣬һ̵ʱ٣Ϊܴһ̻˲ࡣ
һɱһǰ˳㿴ΧˮʶչִΣվǰ롣
ȥˣҲǵ˴ĳм䲿λѾɱֻʮʵޣͼĸࡣ
ɽʲôطܿ𣿡
ˮɻ֪ɽ򵽵жǿޡ
ɽţϵյˣ˵û˴ɽҲ˵ɽͨݡ
ͨݣ
ˮһ
ݵʱЩ˵ɽͨɽϺԭֻҪЩطܵݡ
ڵݣǵһ˵һطͨݣΣһԲ顣
ˮԲҪŴɽ˵ųԽļʦʵĴڣ˵ɡ
褿ˮɫæ˵
ɣ
ˮٴξȡ
Ҳ̺ܸߵޣ˵ֻдﵽ龳ܳƵɡ
ü˵
飬ˮ飬һҲһιģ½ɣּժǳӵſµͨϧͻ̫ˣ˵ֻ֣ͻˣΪⱾѾڴعȻܵعƣֿɹֺʹﵽ飬Ӵ˾ͻһЩعʧˣһᣬعЦЦһûлϡͿȥ
ˮ˵꣬ԶһԼͳԶ·һ˵ĿϮ
ˮɫһ䣬żŮܵ߹ɫҲеףˮǸܵⷢ޾ǿ
Ůƺֺ֪
ôҪһ𣿡
ˮ˵
ˡ
˵ԶһӰԽԽ

ˮˣһֻޣʶʱѾһμһ۾ϳ
ֻСֻаңʶɫС̫̫ˣСҲðףϧûצӣҲˮɿ
ֻ֪ǽģĿǰֻûצӣʵȻǿˮо޻֮
֮
ˮ̤ǰһ˲ǻ֮
ˮ԰һϵ֣˵˵ûȫѪˣֻʵû
һʲƸ
ֻҪǰҪɱԷ
ѱˮͲˣ˴˵ӵѱ֮߳ĵҩǲѱȫ֡
ˮɱֻûצӵĻ
ӡ
ɽ
ˮһ˲ˣͬʱŮСġ
أ
޴βͣ׳ĻǺܳˮǰһС㣬ֻǾɽ󣬵һβֱӽɽɡ
ʲô
ǰ֮һˮתܣΪ֮ʵˮ´ʮҵʵ
˵ǰʮʵҲʮơ
һûצӵ
ôʹʵҲŽʮʵ
Ѿﻢ£ܵˮǿޱˡ
׽㡢߹Ѿͷǿߡ
ˮɽɺʩչŹѸٶܣһߺ
ǲߣ㡣
ɫ׾Ҫȥ
׽㣬ܣֻˣҲܣңôܡ
ˮ˵
Ѿͷ߹뿪ҪŴһа취뿪ģ׽㣬˽ָ𡣡
ˮ˵ű޴βɨһ£лһ»һѪ
ߣûôΪϺԼ
ˮš
۾һ߹ŮߣǿߣȻĻµģ
Ҳߣ
Ůҧ˵
ѾͷҵĻҲˡ
ˮʹɽסһ˵ƽ͡
Ů黬䣬þúþûˣһԼǵˣҧ˵
Ů뿪֪ߵԽ죬ˮĻԽ
ҲֻߺˮĻ֮˻Ҳû⼸Ů뿪ƺǰ˳Եֻǻۻܵ͡

һƬӷԲ֮ڣһشĻһ鶯ȣֱһˮ߳ɵľ񹥻ʣµĹЩæң𣬾Ǻ߳ɾ񹥻Ҳܲסʵ̫⡣
һ
ϫӡ
ɽ
͡
ϫӡֱӱˡ


1212 Ǹ£һɳĽ
ϫӡֱӱһشزĻȻˮ˻𣬵ˮĳϫӡ̫ˡ
һˣˮǿ󣬵Էǿ΢Ĺֱʧȥá
ˮֻöʱ꺮鹥߻۾Ǿ޴˫ۻ֮ϵ㡣
ŮӰѾʧˣˮǲ뿪żŮ׷ȥŮܲģٶ̫ˡ
ˮٶ죬ϾŹҲſʱĻҪʹһʥʯָս£ˮԼľŹǰ˲١
ԽΣգԽܼǱˮھѨʹˡ
ֻһֱڿһܣƴһ£ҪƴĻҪ뷨Է۾ۣˣǰ
ֻλòôùģ
ˮһֱʥʯָָ뿪Ҳе㲻ģϾʵе᲻ãսɣûаա
ˮ治ģΪҪģϣýֱýʵϾڽѾֻ꣬ҪֵĴֱӻʵ̥ǣơ
ɾĽȻʵҲڲϵʱòϣʱڶԣ޻ǿ԰ﵽˮһ㣬ˮһ߶һô
Ҫһ£˳ô󽫿ţݲμս
ˮʥʯָѸȻг󣬽ٴλصΧԶĽǸһʹһ̤
ҲʹýշħɱʵֻһСͻָ
ʤޣٳˮͬʽгޡ
ԶԶʹ׻㹥Իˮĵľ׻ǵ㹥᲻ᱻӣӣôƾ͵ʱˡ
ͬʱˮҲǼӴ˶ԻĹǲϵŻ۾к
ˮû뵽һԼںһһĹսǴ˵е֣ҪǻСױʮ㣬ֻΪСʵǿ󣬵ȴˮƴѸ㶨
ˮʵ
ʱһĹȥˮĽŲԽԽҲԽԽ£ľȻѾżƵûһ£һ޴ĽȻк޵׻ĪĹϵ
׻ŻˮһʶʱѾˣ֪ʲô
ʹˮҲʹһ壬ʹһ׻ʥʯָҲʹʮαһֱڲ΢΢վס˽š
ԸʵģˮҲǼˣԲ಻ʮƵʵʮƵʵսһޣ˵ȥѾñ˾°ˡ
ھһĻҲˮӴһ㣬Ҫˮ㹻ɱ˹Ѿˡ
ķӦٶѾ֮࣬ټӡ֮ǰĻ֮һˮվȽŵĽսˣҪľǸش
ˮһ㰲ȫеģûлѾ֪˶ٴˡ
꺮飡
綾ģˮУ
ʶʹ׻
׻
׻ʹõ˲䣬ˮ˫ҽӡһǺһµ
Ǹ£
ֶһֱһ֮ľ΢Сֻǵ·ʱ򣬺ǵ͵ײǰĺϡ
һǰǵٶٴٶһ
ۣ


ˮһֵóѲóٴһеıǽ
Ѫ٣
ˮںܽţѾ˵˻һֻ۾ֻ꺮Ǵ綾ġ
޴һֻ۾ϹˣҲ˳۾ӣʱ޻ڲͣʹ׻
ŭˡ
޴ĺѪӾ޴۾
ˮҲǷţеٴʹһǸ¡
ˮĿǰɱǿٶİַ
¯
ˮڵһʱг˻¯Уһ˲ҵ޺ޣонɫһʱСȻ
ǧӡ
ˮһķӡ¯УȻ߶¯
ԽԽĻ¯ֱӽͻס
ԣ
Ƶײ𣬾޴Ļ¯Ҳʼ

ˮת¡

¯һСľϵע¯С
¯ͼɢҫ۵Ĺâ·Ҫɳһ
ͼʶеĽǣԽԽһѹɢˮʲôҲ˲ϡ
߼У
Ȼˮĺܶ뵽߲ʵУǿԵʹã߼Уֻǲǰʵʲôˣǿþ־
һʼˮľΪ¯𶯵ƺҪһаΪһ˵ģеĶǺġ
ҲǶԽԽǻ¯ϵ壬ģ¯ƽСڰ¡
һֱڣˮųһȫ·ʪ͸ˣھ޴ջǰܰסԼġ
ˮҲʥʯָŸַɣһأˮǰ뵽ˣǽסջֱ֪ӷŴֱܡ
ӦÿԤɹˡ
ڴҲܿģ֪һνվܽʲô̶ȡ
ʱһĹȥǵڶΣǰƣһֻϵľ뵽һֻ޵ڡ
ˮǰѺľдӶýеǱܱʱ䣬
ʱһţŮ뿪ѾĸʱˣѾӽβ
ˮǰͷųѸдţżŮʧķȥȥǱƽǲҪģϾԼ֪û⣬ֻǸǲҪԼһȥǡ
¯ƽЩͼҲȥâָֹӵͼ¯С˰״С
ˮż˻¯

һ޴޺һ춯صĴӳһֻӲӵޣһ޴ͷֳĲʮףһĽ۾紫˵еһӺǰĽֻ࣬ηСһСȦ
Ա仯ǲ䳤ˣϵۼҲˣǿϢʵѾͬնˡ
֮ǰıʵôʱɾҲӲ٣һЩҩʲôġ
ˮĵЦˣһɳ죬ȻֻǺһֻǹɾֻս޳׵Ѫƽơ
屾ﵽơ
һɳ죬ˮŽڿµԿ϶ǰĺǴ֣һýʵ׵ķ˷츲صı仯ͨڵս
֮սõӶʮʵ


1213 ս޽֮
֮ԭʮڵĶʮ֮ս޵ĳƺţˮڿŽɢɱϵζ˷ܣַĸо
ˮЦһ֮ͰѽʮƵʵ֮ǰֻ󣬿Ժ׵ĸֻֻҲǰæˡ
ˮȲĿսǰսҲýʵƾڵʵܰǰĻ
çײ޲𹥻ʮĿꡣ
ûб䣬ˮǿĵЦˣ֮ǹؼǸһҲǲģֻһçײͰսһٶʮơ
һٶʮƣȻˮ뵽ˣǱˣʲôʵ֪ʵ㲻ļʦ۷壿
̤Բ磬ʮı幥һļöԷ֫ľ޷ж
м֮⣬ûʲôɱҳԵļʺܵ͡
ս˲һɵԷǿɱĿɵٶȣһʱ
սӦԺóˣһǸĹսҪŶɵļ١
շħʩչǧ֮ڵĶĿ꽵һɵʵĿ겻Գʮʱһʱ
ǰڽʵǿ½շħһֱûʲôãںˣҲˣϧһɣǺͻ֮ϵĻЧˡ
ĲˮоԼھǡ
˲ǧ֮˲Ծ
ǿһࡣ
ͻ˲䷢屶ʵĿ꣡
Ҳûб䣬Ҳǽǿĵɱһ˲佫ﵽƣǽɱﵣرǺͽ˲ʹá
սˣΪսġ
棺µĺ󹥻джƼ׵Ĺͬʱһеٶȡ
ۼףսķӣǿ
һۼףҲ˱ս˵ǰûʲô仯ˮ֪ķǿˡ
عˣˮĵľϲ޷ݣƾͿ׳˺ܶ࣬ԼǿʹóʮƵʵɽǿʹóƣʲô࣬οۼף̫ǿˡ
ܵһЩˮһ㶣æӣгһŻɫĵ飬룬ˮҲ֪ǽΪܷԼʵ
ˮ뵽ˣһ˲Ƶıʵһαʵɱ䣬ֵͻƣһԼõõ٣
ǧƣ߸ࣿ
Եõǧƣˮ״סˣǰĳڵ뷨סˣ֮ǰʵʮƣﵽǧƣʮ
֮ǰñǽԴﵽƣֶɷﵽƣʮһʮƣַٶơ
ʲôʵ٣
ˮͻһиǼһţʵƺߣرʹô֮ӡ¡
ˮˣȶģҪҪҪɿµԼܲܳܵס᲻ᱬ
еϽѪߴ˺ܶ࣬ɣ֪ܲܳסϾһηʵ̫ǿˣֻҪ뵽ʵǧƣ£ֻ߲ʵͽ𵤵ܵġ
ȲˣȥͼŮ˵ٿкһ½ˮ̤ȥȻŮʧķȥ
һˮվڽϸо˺ܶ࣬ո˵󣬽ǿǿɣεĸоѸٵŻȥķ·ϲʱó˲
һᣬˮʹʥʯָȥһһֱʥʯָʣĴҲˣˮܵ˻Ϣ
ͬʱҲƺܵ˴򶷵
ˮһٶȴ߶¡
ΧסǣҵҪôܣͱǲֻܹˡ
һֿԼ
ǼӺͬţͲѧƲǣ
һ͵𣬺
ˮһӦǺ˻һ
޴ѧûʱЩС£˵һ飬ʥӰȻǽһ벻ʲô˵һû˵
ǰǵֿһֵ⡣
ѵǲǣ
ЦŮҲӲʥӵģ֪ʥ׷Ů𣬹ԹԵļǣÿҪǿ⼸С椺ÿΪʥӰôüġ
һ
ʱˮѾˣվ͵ĽϣѾԿ棬ŮΧʮˣһȺİΧţ֮ǰǸȺˡ
ˮǰǵĶԻӦʥӰ˵ǸʲôʥӺͳ֮飬ôԸӦǸʩѹ
ˮŮû£ֻΧһЩˣӦòſʼ֣ûȫ汬ֻʾҲ˿
ͻȻгһֱ޴ޣҿرޣرֻͷֱе㾪ȡ
ӺһЩ˲Ƕô£ϾֻǴһѪ඼Ǵޣʵֹۡ
ˮҪ뿪
߹ĺ
ˮûе»ڼŮߣϿա
һģ˵һʥӰǣǶǲǵġ

ߣ͵ʲôҲûз
ˮŶԷмǸˣ˴ݻҲеֻ˫۾еа߻޵ŮˣɫǲϧҲֻǲѡ
ʲôߣˣȥɱΪֻ޾޵ˡ
˲м
ˮһЦˣŻ߳ˣٿΧжٵӦʥӰλҲǾӢӣǸͽѧͽǲٵģΪֻиͽѧͨӡ߼ӡӢӶѧײ㣬һϣΪͽԼʦߵȵȶǴЩвһ㶼Ҫͽһء
֮ǰˮҲı䲻״ˮЩ˾һȺϡ
СӣԼҡ
˵ֱˮȥΧһ

֮ӡ

ˮñװƣΪԼ۸ˮ˳ԥʩչǿʽ
һֻ޴Ľٳֵ˲䣬һЦʶһ
֮
أ
ߵʵʵˮϲ٣дûʹãٱȻҲע˱硣
ֱӿѪɳȥһΧ˶סˣڻԣδ֪ǲҲǰˡ


1214 һŭɱˣ֮ʥӰʥ
ɱû£
ˮʱ褺߹˵
ҲѧĵӣҲʥӰʵΣһֻӦûѧʲôˡ
ʦ㣬û¡
߹ȻˮĻһ俴ԴŮ˵
ˮ߹˵ŮӿȥŮɫֻϵȣһɫѧķΣѧķκܶɫʽҲͬȫƾԼϲá
ɱǵҲûʲôĲɾĻԺĶˡ
ʦŮü˵ˮĿеŹֺͲš
ôѾҪɱˣʲôֻ¸Ůʦ߲ȻֱɱЩˣЩҲɱ
ЩѧԼڷâ¶ĻһԼ
ԼеǹǿͺˣѧӦеʱˣӦǲСʱˣֻ׳ԣԼˡ
ɱ
ˮиԼɱɷηηβ˾ˮŶǸɳмˣ˭ˡ
ɱ
ͻȻ
˲
ͻ
һɫӰһ˳ȥˮҲǵһοǿ󹥻
̫ˣֻһ˿ţǵûžǰˡ
çײ
ʵĿʮ
ȻѾʼɱˣˮҲͲˣǰЩһˮûֵ뷨ǿԶʤ٣۸ŮˣһѾˮûʲô
沢ûжôļңΪһ浹ɱһЩҽжûǿʵЩҽ˶ǴھȺ;ŵ״̬˲ҽС
˷ӦܵʱѾˡ
ˣٵӣиǿ߾ܿˡ
ʱ䣬ֳˣֻЩѪ㣬ʲôҲûУݿĺɱ
Χţ˶ûС
ˣЩˣϣұܣȻҶˣӦ֪ôǿģһ˸еԺ
ˮобҪкһĿǰˮ̫Ǹʲô̫Ӱ
⣬ҵʵҪͱ˵
ˮһ¡
ǵͷˮǻޱȣһֶǿߵĳݣˮӻ֣ɢ˰ɣҪ飬Сһ㡣
ɱˣˮԼƽЩ˿ɲǰײˣ褺߹ڷĿԼŮȴǺƽ
ˣǸʦҲˣǰˮЩ˵ˣǶܿģǼ˵ر𼤶
ˮڲŷֻǰһˡ
褿ˮͻȻЦ
ͻȻЦ绨ݣյˮе㷢㶣ݽɫѾ֮ѡǱŮͼϵŮҲѷɫʲô߹£ˮϲϵ֮ˣоǶԼĹػ
ܵˮĿ⣬е㷢̣ԵýΡ
ǰˮֻǰûôɣֻأ
߹ʱҲʵ
ˮ˼ջĿ⣺Ҳ֪ôˣҿŲסʱͰ˳˭֪һͻȻһСİֻˡ
ˣ
ŮȵͿˮԵĲš
ˮû˵رǰֻ޽ֺƺܴ󣬱붼ͬѪΣԺܸߡ
ˮ붼е£ǵԼΪ֪Լû֮ǣĽ󣬻ûж۾ҲϹˣȻɲ׳ԡ
ţ
ƭˣ

߰ɣҲˣȥҸطϢһǰɣӦÿɱ㹻Ĺֵ˰ɡ
ŮʱҲǺܿģǿޣȫ˺ֻܶ࣬Ҳ֪ʵʵȻһᾪ°ͣŰȫϵһЩ
뿪ϾѪζ̫ˣһտĵطӪشߣҰҿãԵģһԣһġ
ǸʥӰô£òԳ
ˮ߳Աʵ
ʥӰѧ֮һ˵ѾﵽʮʥʥӰˣλǱʦߣһЩϻҪߣ˵Ǽǧ껹һţ׷㡣
߹߳Ա˵
Ů˾ǻˮԽƯǿŮԽ޴ֻˣ˺Ůˣǿ߶Ů˵Ҫռһ롣
˶ʵĿ˶ڽǮĿڳĿʵǿˣԪҲͻӣԻת˶ʵĿ
ԽǿԽǿʢǿ߶檳ȺҲ飬رһЩįǿߣǶŮ˵Ҫ֪Ůį
Ȼƺ쳾ף߶Ȥ˵ֻҪ˶ʵǿ󣬿һЩԾɻһЩŲµĶֹġ
̲ס뵽۳ܿ쳾ʲô磬ˮܷѽ⣬˵ʵǿȷеĸܵ˵Ӧòڳ
ʵôôǿ̨˿£
뵽󣬴½ÿ췢˼ˣΪ棬Ҳ֪˵۳ڳˮûмȥ
˵ڲҲ
ѣ˭ôרע
߹ˮųͣǷ̲ס˵һ䡣
ˮ΢΢ҡҡͷǳӦʥ𣿡
ҲǺǵģϲĿɲһˣȻ˺ʥӶԿû˸ҶԽôʦҲǸµֻҪʦڣӦûܶ˽㡣
߹ǰĳҲǴγԼĴõġ
ˮЦЦɵ뵽ǸŮҲ򵥣οʺҲһµ˵ģЩŮˣһЩǵ˲䲻٣ǰ١
֪ˮ˿ٵȵȣֻҪԼеЩǸʥӦҲԼĶ֡

ˮųԼɾԴ󵨵Ѿǰ˺ܶ࣬ʶпԺܺõĽֹĸоˮǲôϰߡ
ȻϰߣȴǺϲֽˮɾҲǰôįԼЩ飬ǰˮǲҵģΪ˱գڽⷽǿ˺ܶ࣬ټʵֱ޵еĴˡ

ˮŵǸӻɫĵ飬ⶫˮջھˣֻҪˮͿ˲ԾţڵĽҪǿܶܶࡣ
ֻܿס£ˣ޶ûеطޡ
ôˮƣٵ㣬ʲôģˮԥյң׳ԡ


1215 ˮĲ²⣬ټ콣裬
ˮھһǳˣŴζȴǲܳԣΪ̫ˣһԺױջһֱڲջ³ҲԸ⡣
ˮڻûеֵĵزѾ˽ѾһˣҪѹסԼֳ嶯ʱȥˮָоܿҪһ
ѾӦܶೡˣ˵ԼʵԼξǽ˵һУϧڰꡢҲˣźܳµˮ䲢Ψһơ
ˮܶʱ䶼˴֮ӡ̫ϣɷڳˮҪ
֮ԲΪԼ;ܲס뵽ϽѪǡʶͼˮﻹǺܰοģ٣оɹļʻǺܴģֻҪҪʱֱһ̻Լʵһ졣
˰Ҫܳһʱ䣬ˮҲˣŽɽֻҪһῪɳʱҲԼ½ˡ
飡
һ뵽ˮ͸оеϵĸо˵½ɣһҲȣһֱʵһֳݵɫرء
ٵûǸ˵˭ʵǿǴ˵еĴڣͬȵĴڣˮ֪Լǹǿܴܲﵽ顣
ܸоܣ
Ϊо鲻ôͻƵģ
죬Ϲǿİ죬ˮоҲͻϹǿİܴﵽֻ֮ĴһֱĹţһɶûС
ɾ
ɾˮʲôһֲ²⣬ָоǿңɾֻɾˣҵ
ˣͷɣҲʱˮɡˮе㷢͵Դ
ǲͻư죬ҲҪǹǿյǿŽʵҲҪ̤½۷塣ˮҧҧƺҵԼķ
Ϊ۳ΪҪǸˣҲҪħ𡭡
սޣԺʵǻܿģʱƾԼʣֻҪʵԼʵ
ƽʱֻҪ̫ɷ壬ԼĹʾϲˣϾҲǾɣϽѪȡ
һֱɾʱ꣬ˮų΢΢׼ȥȭԶŮȭ
ӦҲǲãˮֻǺʦͽŴ̫ȭ
ǰ˫ۻӶһںУɢһֿµһ˿ϵζӰ̤ǲѾޱȡ
νɣһ̶Ⱦͻᷱܵһ˸̾ĵزǰһ
Ůѧһ̫̫ҲǴﵽһľ磬ˮоٽˣ̫ҲиѹģһҲܶˡ
һֱûнֻ̫ȭˮʼΣ¿ƾһ½ġ
ŮƺԻҲرȤѧĺ棬ˮżֵҲܿģϾǸӣϣһԼϲ˺
һֱ磬˳ŽŴĳڲȥ˽ˮӴ˺ܶ࣬褺߹ĵҲˡ
ˮɱУǶʵս飬ϻ֮ˮصĺϻ֮ѧᣬǱ˲ᵫϱˣսУ֮䣬ĳɱһ
ˮҪľЧԲǻϣϵϰ
ǿޣˮý֣˲ϵĽˮС
˵úܶ࣬Ҳֱʹãɣƺֻܶ࣬ܳԵͬ޵ˣΣϵܺãɹʺܵ͡
͸˵ˣû˸ҳԣЩǴ˵еļأԸ档
м仹ֻʮµޣˮԼս֮ȻԼսģֻ޿ǲܺͻȣ̵ĻҲǿޱȣ¯жϹˮҲаɱΪ֪ǶܲĴԣܲȷ
ڿϺǿǴ۾ֱܴƶûʲôá
ǳˮĺԷƤƲ۴͸ˣһܰˮ
ҲˮڵֿܵʵֻҪԼܶԸģͲý֣޷ֿġ
ĳ̫ˣһ·ˮûѧˣ˶ˮʮ˷ŵĳǻ治ʲô
ģѾٽĳϵλãҲǾɽĵطҲԽԽǿ
һʮֻʮʵޣˮԥýʹçײֱӽɱ¾нûеĻܶ⣬ûʵˮҲǲ뵽ġ
ǽѱΪƽأΧһӰ˶ǿߣٶӦǳȺĸͽǳȺʦߡ
ˮ֪ΪʲôҪˣĻ£ûŶӣչֻǼʮϰٸҲΪһ㶼ûС
ȡˣˮЩһʬҲɾɾеǵطЩһǱˮá
ʰһУԶʮ˳֣ˮ˺Ѹٷ˹
콣裡
ˮһۿЩк콣裬ɷʣû뵽콣裬콣迴ˮҲǾޱȣЦ˳
ּˣ֪ѧģֻû뵽ô죬֪㲻ѡ콣迴ˮƺرĿģˮҲû˿Ӱ졣
ȻֻҪԸ⣬Ǿѣѡˮ΢Ц˵ȻˣЩ˶ˣ΢һЩˮ֪Щ˵ԲСʵԲС
˵ʮƵʵļʦļʦ۷ʲôʵˮ治û˵ˮҲ֪֪֪
˶ˮ˳ҲرԾǿԸܵˮ˵ʵǲֵģûʣǺĿš
ˮֵܣǼΣյģҪһ𣿡콣΢΢üˮ˵
һˮЦŴӦܴ콣ɫпһʵ⣬ûжԼʲô뷨콣ǸˣǸ̹ˡ
ãǾϸˡˮҲģнڣڿӦܶĳ档
ˮһѱʦĸоʵվڳǧ޺棬ּ䣬޳һ㣬һˬ
ɱޣһɱһģˮ콣軹ǺжģҲ֪콣ѧһɣš
һʥӰﲻµİɣѧҲһСʵڽʮ콣ǾźĵӣȻڻֻǾӢӣܿͻΪͽ


1216 𵤣ʥãӢ
콣˵ܿͻΪͽ˵һͻȡ㹻Ĺֵʵ𣬾лһž𵤡
𵤣
ˮǾȡ
ʵѾо콣Ժ;ŵһЩ߲еĹϵΧЩ˱ʵǿȴǶܹͿԿ
һֺĵҩԴʵʱһԵĴڣҩ־ãֱǿʵ֮һʱУ似֮ǰҪ
һԵģԽߣ츳Խã𵤵ĹЧҲԽǿ
⻹Ǻö
ˮЦ˵
ݴ½챦ܶ࣬ԶĶҲʤֻĶصúֻһЩ˶ܵõ
𵤾˵Զǿҩ
ǰϵܣûȤţֵһ𣬾ŻǲģٲһЩŰ衣
콣Ц˵̹ϡ
ʵѾûмһϸһ𡣡
ˮЦ˵
ǿϧˣҲûʲôźĹϵܺã˵ǾкϲŮʦߣ˵ԺǻһأԺʲôҪæҪϸ磬ܰϵľ԰
콣һЦ˵档
ˮ뵽ǰ߹ĻϲƺвˣЩ֮ҲǻԼԳʲôҲܣοǿ߳ţû˸
Ҳ֮һ
˲٣Ҳ֪ٵʥӰİɣǵʲôﲻʮ˳Щ˶ǿߣԲҲ֪ǵжŵѧЩ˽֡
ҴУѧɣǿΪ
ҲѧķԭЩŰĹջΪƿѧĵʯЩעǳɲ˴ģǵ־Ҳֻʱġ
콣ҲûϾһֱԼĸоǿоˮĳɾһǿҲǴڱȶʱŻ˵ټѵĻ
ҲѣѰɣٿʼǺõģ
콣ߵ˵ûô˵Զһޣһ˶ɱ¾ţˮͼŮʹߺϻ
ֱʱһЩ˲ע⵽ˮĺϻҲǴĿɿڴָо˽кá
콣Ҳ֪ˮ߼ӣǾӢӣͽûʱǲеģʵﵽҲС
Ҳ֮ǰʥӰ̫ţˮоŵͬЩ˱ʥӰҪǿһЩǿһЩ
ͽҪĹֵܶ࣬콣Ѿ˺ܾˣҪһЩʱգҪ¾֮󣬵ʵﵽˣȥѧͽ
һֱɱ죬ˮӢӵĹֵҲˣ׼أһε޳Ҳӽβˣˮ˸ܶѧǿ֣߳иĲǿ֣߳ûм
ʱ䣬ˮ콣ĹϵҲǷǳǢˣΪǵԸ񣬶˵̸ۣ˲ܳΪѣ⼸˵ĹϵܺãͷֵƣҪ־֮ˮһĸоһʼ콣ֻˮ֮û漰ⷽĶ
ˮһ뿪Ǽвûý֣ʲôоûбҪԼɱﵣǶһЩʱΪá
콣軹Ҫһʱ䣬ˮһ˱лȥˣͽҲûбҪŪôߵĹֵοѧλ˵׼ء
ɱٸʥӰ˲û֪صѧҲûۣˮо˻ǲģҪ֪ʮˡ
ˮرʥӰ֪ԼɱʥӰˣĿǰоǲ֪ãԼ㹻ʵĻǸʱˡ
ʥã
ѧӿȼĵطÿ춼вٵĵͨ߼ӣӸ߼Ӣӡ
Ӣͽĺ٣ʱһܿһʱʮҲһ
ƺһЩһشʱ򣬻һ㣬ΪʱѧĹֵõĻһ㡣
ֵ򣬲ͣȻһЩ˿Իȡ׵ĶǿԵģ񣬱˿ˣҲɱˡ
ˮԼģŮСׯԺǲߵģʵɱϾѧˣԾˮţЩطǲȥģʥá
ʥôӢӻ߾Ӣ֮µģֻнͽŻȥԻϸһ㡣
ҪͨӽӢӣһ˿ˮʵ
ݣ۵ľǰɽ൹ǺͰ΢Цſˮ
ǵģϣ֪Ҫʲôˮ˵ȰһЩóͨ褺߹Ѿ֪ӢҪĹֵ
ЩֵǹӢӣҪһʵӢҪʵȰЩֵ¡΢ЦŽˮóСɽһһ˵
ˮҲ֪ͽȼǰֵҪĲ࣬Ϻܶ˶ǿʵȴǺѴﵽΪӢٵʵҲҪﵽ֮ࡣ
ܿսĿкܼ򵥣ҪϵսˮȻû⣬ܿͰǱ˳ʱһˡ
ӣ
ǸŮע⣬ûж֣ǸΪӵˣǸˣˮҲرζ˽߹ʱһ
ϴε㻹ǿ£
ˮҡҡͷû˵˾һȻʵرǿ󣬵ѾǿʱֻǻҪһССĻԵԵܿˡ
ˮ˵ѾǸͽҺܿҪһΪӣ֮ǰˮһое㼬֣Ϊ˶žԲù
ӢһıԼ磬ս͸磬ͽӦҪ߲٣رǱһЩϿеĵӣӦþǺͳ࣬ʹҲС
뵽ԼнˮǸֱ뿪ԼϹۣۣˮǲ
µƣݵһЩׯԺѾɢҸ߶Ѿﵽߡ
ֻһ¥ߣסĸ߶ڵ棬ĸ߶Ҳϰףֻ˴Σͽׯ԰ĸ߶ǧףһֲࡣ
ˮŮ褡߹ҲŵׯԺ֮ǰСׯԺž޴Ĳ
ռĶߵˮ̧ۿԶſߴ滹ߣͽʦߡϡ˵ΧһЩǲ֪Ĵڡ
һͷݻ纣¥һ㣬ɽˮľïʢһжѧģ⻹Ǳﵽ׸Σ˭֪
ѧţųȻλãſµʵѧˮ뵽ļ
ţû弶ѧļû弶ʵĴڣ
ʵǼʦ
ˮһʱе㷢һ;ֹˣ죡


1217 ﾳ͵ıʯ顢
ˮڵѾ褺߹ҪˣҲǲǰŵ߼ӣ߹ѧ󲻾ãʵ߼ӻǺ׵ġ
ӢӾͲôˣʮͨӣʮ߼ӣӢӣɼӢӻǺǿģѧǺеλģԾѧʵǸͽ͸ͽ֮ϵˡ
ڳ˾ӢӣҪѳҲ۾ۡ
ˮ˵ϾǳæΪҲһԴﻹǸмġ
ܿͻˣ㻹ģŽ㡣
߹ǺǵЦ
ˮһƣʲôʲôֱʱſΧׯ԰¥һˮأһСɽˮйţһͤԺһƬ̴֣дУɢȻ
ȸСȫҲһׯԺˣʵǰׯԺҲûʲôϾΧׯԺԸоеŤٳоһ㡣
ûжóˣˮͼŮЦŴкȻˮЦϲ
Ů˻ǿһ㣬褺߹ǱȥһЩֲʥӰ;ŵжǶжӣŮ˶˵ġ
欵Ѫֻǻô򵥣͡ϣһֲջһڵ϶
ɢһ֪ԵһմȾ˳ĳ˲£ˮԽǽӴԽ෴½
˼Ʋͷ΢Цų˵ллҪллҽѧ
ǿǸˡ
ĪЦ
ˮӰһ𣬿ųЦЦл佱
ˮѾ֪Ѿ֪ԼڴĳǷ飬ˮоʱΧ˵ԼǸӦڵʱͻսʱû߰ɡ
ˮһ˫ĿԼƺҪԼһˮпһЩʲôӦǹԼɣֻûʶѡ
ˮͷܿʱ˳Ĵûв´ԼɱʥӰ˳Ѿ֪ˡ
ˮϣ˸߳һУԼ֪ԼĿΪ߹ģֲ׳֣Ӧĥɡ

ׯԺĵһϣˮĽ뵽ɾҹ棬ˮ԰ĵɾġ
һĴķֻڻ϶ˣˮġյʯʲôģڵĽˮʵѾ֪ǲǻá
ڵʵѾ޷֪Ƶʵɵĳİǲһ˵һνʩչĹ֪һٶʮƵʵǶʮƵʵ
ʵﲻˮǹͿ֪
ˣʽ󡣡
ֻǵ֪ˮƣΪʵûΪĶߣԭĵľڽʵ
ˮˣѾ˴ˣֻûеϧ£ĵľȥȻԼʵ
磬ûоһжǰ裬ⶫѵģһıﵽ弶֮ѾرֻΪ̫ǿˣ֮ǰıǽ޷ˮľһѾ𲻵Ԥڵˡ
ֻ˺ܲˬѡ
ˣоֶ˸ͷڴġʯյֻоȥˣԼǿһ졣
ˣѾˣֻǻûгԣÿɻȥ￴Լı֮һգˮоӦûûʵһһˮͬҲڴһ졣
Լļֻ޶ǿޱȵĻǾ൱ԼǿԺȥﶼе㣬ΪкܶҪﻹǰʱǻҪԼչˡ
뵽ЩˮͶ־߰͸оΪ˴һƬء
ˮĵǣǧ֮ǰ˲ٵɫӣҲֹ֪кмǿ֮ƵڵͷϲÿһʱҪһ
ͷ룬߹Ҳϲ޵û˭῿ģͷÿһʱͻһţʱʵɱӣ³˿ҲǸͣճԺͶԡ
ͷ룬ԣ
⣬߹꣬ǰǼǵڹǴ𡢴󲹣ܿˮͷڣ߹꣬
ѵԭ
ˮҲˣһɫҲ㹻ͷ߹Ϻܳһʱ䣬˵Ե֮󣬻ǻٳġ
ͷ߹꿿ǧܴﵽʲôˮ֪ͷ뿿ʵҲǿڵٶȸоͷĽչٶȺܿ£Ȼǽ˲䱩ٶҲǺܱ̬ģǲ֪ٶάֶá
Ǻ£Լ״̬
֮ӡ
ˮѾŬʮǳϧһδεʧܣÿζչ
˰ˮԼбҪʱɣʵԼΪ֪ɾһйأǾǾ
һֱҲڱһ뷨Ҳﵽһ̶ҲɾһìܵԴͷָɾƺֻɾһвпܵõչ

һΰ¹ȥˣʵٴξƣЩˮƺѾ̫˷ˣͺһŽɽ²ܻƽҲǶôϡ
֮ӡˣ˰һѾɾûнչǲôһ¹һ
ˮҲ̸϶ôɥָŮһŮϾҪﵽʦʵʵսǸǿڰĵʱʯܵŮѪɷ֮ڽ壬ѪɷȫܽʵĽչͲֲ
ˮ£ŮǿﵽʦͲˡ
µʱ䣬Ůʱ̫ȭʱΣϲʲôģԼˮɷУŮĹɱʵҪǿܶࡣ
ˮŮĽܿģŮǰǰɫƺɺܶ࣬Ҳ΢ḻһ㣬ÿ˿֮̿Ҳˮ˵˵һҲϵģ˵Լ飬ˮҲûʣ֪ŮԼ˵
ˮҪʯ顢ҵˡ
ˮߡ
ˮͷǳˣ뵽ԼҺеĲϣʱû⣬û뵽Ȼҵˡ
Ŷ̫ллˣƳˣһֵ㡣
ˮЦ˵
Ҳ̫Сˣŷһ㣬ôҲ÷һɣ
ѵô˵˲ֱӡ
ʵһѾһˣҸо˵ֻһΣϣΰɣȻͲܸˡ
ˮЦ˵


1218 ϽѪҩͻ
û뵽㻹ҩʦһΪǿأʯϲĶˣҩӦúǿ
ζĿˮƺ뿴Щʲô
ȻʲôҲ֪ˣǲûʣ֪һЩ黹ǲҪʣԷ˵Ҳûá
аɣֻȱҩֻҪҩҩҪĶҶƳ
ˮûпţɾŲٵĽ߲ݣɹʻûκ⡣
Ŷȷ
رԾĿˮ
ȻӦû⣬ĪʲôҪҰƵġ
ˮ˵
һ֪ܲܰһ£ҩвϣϧֻһݣҵҩʦ˵ɹʲһɣһֱûиҳԣΪʧܣʧˣǶҵĴ̫ˣһɵĳɹʵ̫ˡ
̾˵
֪ܲܿҩֻҲܸȷеĴ𸴡
ˮ˵
Ȼ
˵óһϽ֮ɫƤֽһóɢǿֻƾܰҩƤϾܿ϶ҩԵĲס
ˮӹһϢָľ壬һĸоˮͷѪҺеϽѪƺִһ㡣
̫ˣһƤֽϵȻԼϽѪ׳һ֣ɼƤֽô󣬵ˮ֪ҩ
ϽѪҩ
򵥵ļˮһˮ뵽ԼϽѪ飬ԶĶ֪ҩƳϽѪ飬ѵֱеѪҺʽѪҺ
ܿˮͷˣôԵôԵҲû˸ҷʳˣѵϽѪĴȲͬ
ˮϽѪѾëߴϸɫϽһʼûôǿҲǺʵǿǰֻһϽ֮ѪǾһһķܵһߣβһѭ
ϽѪҩ᲻ϽѪ飿
һˮ͸оԼͿȿ棬֪ϽѪҩˡ
䷽ϽʲݡҶǧϵ˲Ρǧϵĺڡǧϵ֥ļˡļڵ
ã˵ѪҺһϽѪӣѪҺ֮γһϽѪߣҲñӵϽѪϽѪӾ
ÿʮֻܷʳһΣֻܷʳʮΣ
ˮҲˣʵϽѪֻ࣬ϽѪѪʣϽѪ̺ǿ󣬵һιƻûϽѪǿ
ǺöȻˮϽѪ飬ϾǲͶ񣬸᲻˵õϽѪҩļ
½ϼܶ˶ƽѪϽѪˣҲаѪȣЩ˵ѪʸߵͲͬɾҲֻͬҪкѪôǺһһɾȴͨ˵ʮ޷Ƚϡ
ˮ̧ͷЦҿаٷְٰɡ
ˮţʧˣԼϽѪ顣
ͻȻ뵽褣ˮобҪһţԸоҲûбҪٴο˵ҲһЩתѪʵĶ֪ûС
ϽѪ
΢еԾĿˮ
ֻһ˿ϽѪҪҲ٣ȷϽѪ飬Ƴҩڽд߻һ£Ǹá
ˮ˵˳ܸܵŮ˻Ǻ̹ϣֵýύġ
ԽԽˣҪ˵˵ʲôܣԽԽˡ
Цˡ
һЦǡ
֪һŮǲܶ˺ģʧȥġ
ˮٵ˵
ǺǣǸصСһ
˵ˮرƵĻҲûϾᡣ
óһϽѪݸϽѪ飬еõļţһϽѪʱ䣬ķѪҺеĻǸϽѪѪҺѪҺг񱩵ѪҺ֮
ǾллˣʵҩõĽ־û뵽ôʵ֣鲻ڳȥ
סˮĴƿ˵
Ұ㻤ɣ
ˮڸоʱ˵ˣҲж
ЦŵͷȻ󽫴ƿ򿪣еϽѪ顣
СһϽѪֻһҲǾ޴һӣǿԳΪģһϹ⻷ƣ޴Ϣ𣬳гһƣŮһʥ次
ŲˮӳԾĵطͻȻɫĹΣȥһ޴ļһһ޴İɫĴֱ
ԵϢûӣֻſĴ̣·Ҫһ㡣
ͻˣ
ΧǺܰƺֶûʲôǰʱ䲻ǺܳɢȥӰϴһõϢָо˺ܹ죬Ҫһ
ϴŵ΢ЦֲǣˮԸеĴ΢΢һЦˣˮһĴˡ
ˣ˫ۻǺ峺һֶͺ𺳣ȵعҲое㲻˼ɣվ
оܿģлл㣬ͻˡ
ЦЦóһռظˮ
ҩģҩˣûá
ҾͲˣйϲͻơ
ˮӹ˵ʵҪҪҩҲûйϵѾסˣҪжʲôгõĺôҲˣҪҲ㹻ĲϣĿǰҩûʲôãһΣһƼŻ˵׼
ô˵Ҳѣô⣬ˣѾӵϢȷʵڵʥŮ
ˮ˵
ڣ
ˮɻ֪ݵʱ۳ˣΪʥ̨ŵʵ̫ǿһ쳾һҪǱ̫󣬾һֱӳΪһʳͻȻõһУһʱ޷
ڵʵǿ˵۷ɣֻǺܶഫ˵ڵʵҪǿЩ治治֪ĵλȻϣһ㲻սһֱߴ½£ӵڵ˺ܶܶࡣ
˵ﳤˮ
һжˮ棬ѵܺļļʵѵܺѧţݲֻļʵ֯
֮ǰҲ˵ˣǱģ˵ѧԼһļǺܶǰʵǲǻļ˵׼
ţǲǻļʵ˵ļʵΧҲֻţݵһӴĵʲô˭˵
Ϊ֮ƻԼʵֻԼʵǿˣȥ۳Ȼʹȥ˹Ҳûϣˮϣҵں飬ںˣϣ°Լ
ɾеͬĹûдʹãҲʹ˿õ۳صԼߣǱʶϲǵʵûа취ʱ򣬲ȻǲʹͬĹġ


1219 ҺϽѪҩٵı
ˮعʱ򿴵ĿԼ˵˵ллˣͺãԺȥͺˡ
Ϊʲôȥأ
ܸܵˮϼ۳ģҲͲ֪ô˳Ǵʱ˸飬һλ״Ρ
ȥҲûãȲ˵ˣˣ֪ţû弶ŶҵǺͿˣļʦ۷ʵ֪
ˮҡҡͷԳЦһ
ļʦ۷ʵƣļֻļʦһ弶ʦ֮ǰûи˵Ϊʵ󣬵һϣܽ㡣
΢Ц˵
ļʦ۷ʵˮҲ֪ļʦ۷֮Ĳөһ㣬֮ĺ蹵ǲԽġ
ͻˣǰͻˣõϢʥɫˮܻͻļʦﵽ˳弶ʦһ㡣
ˮĲ²⣬ָоǿңûʣҲûǸȥı飬ϣʵǿ
һЩ˵ʲôʥӻоŵе˶뷨
ˮ˵Ǻһ£Ҳûб˼
ţ֪ллģЩ˲Ϊǡ
ˮһ̵һְŮ˵İܶˡ
ţǾͺã

ûжã߹ˣˮֱӸÿһϽѪ飬ⶫ࣬ЩοڻҩԺӦûõҩеĶ
ˮҲе˽ģó֪Լһ⣬ˮģȻˡ
ѧҲͳ߹ԼˣǸ콣ҲǲѰɣٱ˻ǲͬġ
ˮҲǺʥӰǸǽԹˣ֪һΣˮġ
СһʥӰӦӦˡ
ߵʱˮ˵һ䡣
ǶߺˮŮԺɢѾϦ£⴦ׯԺĶС㹻ɢˣʱ䣬ˮÿ춼ŮߣһɢģŮе͡
СɢɢҲɢģȫĵķ״̬£·ƽͣ¿ʱһЩǺܶࡣ
ֻͨ˵곤ʺɢһЩߡǿʵҲҪŮҲҪҲҪɢúܴʱһЩ
ʱˮһ㲻˵ֻǺŮţҲῴΧľɫϦȻҲῴŮ
ˮ֪ʲôʱŮΪһŮŮеģǴŶһЩ˵Թ޶
Ѿͷһ죬˵һ죬Ҫ뿪ˣϣңҪȥʲô
ˮ֮̾˵
֪һŮ뿪Ϊ飬ˣˮ֪ĵʵԽǿ֪Ůܻ뿪Լһ죬һŮȥԼ顣
ģһģҿԽ常𣿡
Ů˼˺ܾòſˮ˵
һ죬ҾͰ㵱ҵŮһһעԵ֡
ˮš
Щ鲻ҪɣеʱһЩ鲻ҪĿģĲ
ǰ黹ûѾֵͻر
һˮҲŮʳϽѪ飬ԼʥʲôģŮʵٴαǣˮĵǣϽѪôһεϽѪȻѹã֪ʹˡ
˵ǰҪ̫ȭȥѹڼʹ̫ȭҲᱻʧˣˮҲǴһ
ϽѪŮøϰһֹһĴڣŮгһ㲻ԵϹ⣬ҲԼ΢ı仯

ˮɾҺĲ϶ѾȫˣԿʼˣˮ֪ҺʲôЧ֪ʲôԭһҩȻû˵ҺЧ
Ȼеƣδ֪λǺջġ
ʯһʯ飬һЩɽ֮вп֣ܳһξѾ֣ˮһСƿ
ݿͨɢƮϢǺǿ󣬾ͨҲоⲻһҩݡ
Щˣһ㳬ǧҩˣǧµľǼƷҩˡ
һУˮʼҩ
һˮҩӽȥ˽߲ݣ³ɹʸҲʧһΣЩҩݶǿģ٣ݲʧܡ
һγˮϣ쳣˳ʱҲʱͳɹˣ¯ȴʱˮȲĴ򿪡
¯žſѩɫ״ҩС絯飬ȴӫҺ̬Һ̬ĵҩ
Һ
ֿճҺ̬һĶˮóҩƿսȥ
ȻŽ¯һҺͨȥڴҺĹЧ
Һ׾ϴ衢ϴǿǣӹǿȣϴǿϴѪǿѪʴǱܼ
ˮģҺȻֱʵ֪һὫҺʥҩһĴڣΪʣıʡǱܵȫҩ
ÿֻ޷ʳһΣ
ˮԥĽ¯һηʳһɵоѸȫһ˵ĸоݣˮСָɫ
ˮŲæ룬ֱСָһڵѪеų⡣
һѾ˵ҺǿˣΪˮѾܾûųˣһųܶ࣬εʡ
ȻˮʵûֱӣǱܺʶǵõͺñһͰˮˣҺͰ˸ףȻˮû࣬װˮ
ˮ⣬ΣҲΪˮǹשˣһǲСģˮھֳ嶯ǹ
ӲǿסԼֳ嶯ûб˱ƵɽˮĵزǲôðһΣգοоܿˣαؼһʱ
ҺǺöϧֻô㣬ʱŰɣϢһ£ȻʼϽѪ
һʱҪ˲٣Ȼʮ졣
ˮҩʦһҩֻҪϵεľǼʮ죬ʧˣֻҩݴˮƯ⼸ʮʱǰ׷ˡ
ԽǺõҩɹԽͣҲΪʲôЩһֱţΪǳɹʵ̫ˡ
Ȼ֪Լɹ֪ɹ˻еССļϾϽѪϽѪһĴڣԶĶġ
Ժһ¯ȻʮţνǲˣˮоҲǳˣϧҩֻһ¯εĻƳһһЩҩʦһεġ


1220 ѧĽ
ǶһҲãһɹ˶þ̫ˣϧֻһΣֻţɵϣҲһ£ϧֻһɲн߲ҲɵĳɹʣֻһԶĳɹʣóһϣԲŻȵڡ
ʮţˣһֻܳʮţҪʱóˮȴǿں̵ܶʱڳԵʮš
ȻҲҲһЩĶԴʱ䣬Ҳηҩ֮ʱ䣬Ȼ˵ԭҪܳʱ䣬ʵҪʱҪһЩ
ˮϣܵõʮŵģΪоʮϽѪúܴ󣬵ϰ˽ԿʮţԼѾһϽѪˣϽѪ黻ȡʮϽѪ
ʣµʱˮͶ뵽УϣѴ֮ӡﵽɻԲпѧ˵еΡ
ξѾôˣξ͸˵ˣĿǰ̤̤ʵʵ֮ӡ
ȻҲ绢Σˮʵֹܴ֮ӡһܴһֻͻӡΪʵǿ󣬴İ׻ǿǰտʼֻܴһֻצһֻ޴Ļצ
ΣҲܴǧնһȺϰֻ޴ɺ׽ɱϧľͲˣҲˮʱ㹻㣬ɱ˶һо·ߡ
һоԱ£
˰ɻûгɹһǳǿˮҲǺƣҲֻͷһһģ䷳Ĳš

ڶˮֱȥ˳ϽѪǸһҺϽѪʯƵҺֻܸһΡ
ˮǰϽѪʲô˵һ顣
ʮŰɣҪʮţһţôҪǻʮ
΢Ц˵
ãǰɣضҲвСĺô
ˮƿ˳
ˮʵһֱǱ˶Ըǧ򱶵ĻرĸԸһֱǽıģ˾ԼһߣԼԸһɡ
Ϊˮ⣬һŵӻûзУֻҪʱ䣬԰սʮϽѪˮԵһš
۾֪棬ֻǸогһɫҺ̬ϽѪ߾ʱֱӴ˹ȥȻͿɫҺ̬һʧϽѪȴǴһ˿˸ое㲻ԣֻˮ֪ǿٴ˺ܶࡣ
ʮԷʳһţˮֻҪһ¶һʱܷʳһţʳʮϽѪͲҪһʱ䡣
ҲΪѾϽѪβû̫Ķֻһ㵭ɫΣҺܿʧˡ
ˮ뿪
һ꣬һʱˮϣԼڴ֮ӡеͻƣҲϣһ֮ڰеǹ
һ갡
ˮߣţΪ뾡ҵ۳ÿһ˵ʱоܣһ˵ܣΪ˵۳ҲҪٵǹ
Ϊʱ䲻ϣ½ٴͻƣûˡ

ˮߣ˵Ļӵǰѧˡ
褿ˮ߹Ц
ʱϴѾȥˣˮЩҺ壬ʵˣǰʮƵıʵѾʮˣֻˮŮŮʵҲܿ죬ʵʵǰѾͬնʵӦӸֻ࣬ˮһ㣬ΧĺôһƬѾڳ˵ĵλѧָ˺ܶࡢܶࡣ
ӵޣ
ˮ߹ȥɻ
ЩˮϲţԶѧĺܶ鶼ǲ
һҵԼѧ˵ļʵ֮侭һЩͬεд裬һĶһЩӣҲһֽˮӮһοкܸߵĹֵұͻǿֱӱһЩΪӵġ
߹ЦŽ͡
֮ǰˮʵ뱻ΪӣҲ룬оǽ̲Լ֪Լ̬ã˵
Ҳ֪ѧĳϻǺǿģҳҪ볤ϻˣֻҪһѧĳϡ
Ҳӳѧĳϵʵǿ󣬲ֻһΪӣˮ治Ը⣬οֻҪһǹټͻƣʵֱһ졣
ߣȥǱ߿ɣ

ˮ̧ͷ콣Ҳ˹ȥſҲãţһٮٮʲôʵ
ϵܣ
콣迴ˮĵ߹
ϴڴĳǼ󣬾һֱûмûпȥ飬Ҳ˵鶼ԭ򣬲Ҳãټ沢ûиоԶ
ϸ磬ϲ̨
ˮЦ˵
һȥģٿȡһЩֵǸϿ󣬾ͺˣͽҲֱʡˡ
˸־ˮо⣬ԼûϹŴУûڵӵеģƱ콣ҪĲˡ
֪Ļӵ˶ˡ
ˮΧʮ̨ÿ̨Χš
ŲμսǧˣĹ˰ɡ
콣һ˵һָΧЩˡ
ֽɢģرɣÿ̨ﶼвУһгȻȥսԽܡҲԲܡ
ֻһʧܵĻᣬʧ˾Ͳ̨վ̨ϵ˿ԾܾԷսܾҪ̨̨֮ɿȥսˣֱսʧһΡ
ʱ֣Ķ̨һʼѱĹ˵һ£ɹɱˣ˵ʲôĶ䣬ʤһٹ
һʼѧȥȻҵӻȥսֻҪʵͿһֱվ档
ֿԲˮ콣ȻһȥĶ̨֮ǰˮ˸кվ̨ϵܹ־վ档
̨涼վһѧĵӡ
ȻֻһһĽѧĻƺرӣֳܶһݺܸߵˣϾһδϣ
ֻҪһԲμӣꡢҲԲμӣ콣ȥǰ꣬Ѿǳˡ
ˮ˳ֻԶλţˮҲһţ׷ͯգ˫۾˸оǴǻۣ˸оôƾˡ
Ӧþʦɣ
ˮȥʱ򣬳Ҳ߿ǸҲ˹ƽ

һˮعͷ̨ϣѾиս׵ں콣ս
׳ʱȣ콣ʵǿ˺ܶ࣬˴һʼͱѹŴ򣬵콣һֱûº֡
Űʱ󣬶ˣ콣˵á


1221 ˭˾Ͷһ첲Ҳҽ
ô˵콣ǵģһʼϳĶʵԲ̫ǿˣʤҿʼʱһ˶رע⡣
֮Ҳ˵ע⣬һһˣǸŮˣɫһִ󷽳֮һʺõˣãȳƣƤϸ壬ȱľŮС
̨룡
Ůһֱ̨콣Ц
룡
콣΢΢һȭ
Ů˺鶯Ĳ鶯һֻһһֵĲŮһֻѩצһӫתƺرĻۡ

һ֣콣ӰһƺеŤһе㲻Ȼ΢΢һˮƺʲôоŮ˹һ֮
ˮĺȻԵʵԽǿһЩԽ࣬ﵽʵ˭ûеԼɱﵣŮĹΪ棬ŸӿµĹ
콣飡
콣еĳҲѩ׵ģʱǷҫ۵ѩһһϬϢתܿԵĸоʧ֮ǰĶ
콣֮裡
콣ĳһϵǸһ֮ܣһǿɱ֮⣬Ѱֿ֮־壬Ĳ
콣Ѫڣȼһ˵ѪһֶʱڿǱܵʵǰǿ
צ
ŮҲʾһΣһֻצӳϣֻϵצһһöһ𣬽콣֮һӳ嵭˴룬öУо˯
ǣ
콣һ㱵ʱŮ˶ˣһֻѸݵĺһֻצֱ콣ĲӡǰĨȥƷ·ҪɱһǷצӲһ˸оȡ콣

콣ŬֵһܼĽ𣬾ǻҲһǻ콣ڶ˺öˡ
ɣɱ㣬Ĳʲô£ĻֵסҵĹġ
Ů˱콣΢Ц˵
콣ʵҲƣŮ˵Ķֲ֣䣬ʵҲдĽʵˣ֪ܶõġ
Ҳ䣬㻹ǰҴȥɣɱҡ
콣ԥ˺ܾû˵
Ϊʲô
Ůӿ
ҹԼһء
콣Ц˵Ȼ󻺻̧еĽ
ˣαء
ŮҡҡͷȻҲһƺĻϸǻǺһĴڡ

ʴǣ
Ů˵ӰͻȻһӰһ콣ȥеצӾȻòʹǻһƬλðɫʡ
콣迴ŶԷѤµĹŬֵջɢȥצӴĺһؿڣǺצӣǼצӣŵĺ⣬κ˶ɱ
콣ˣŮ˻˵ˣսˡ
˵콣תȥ
ҽк櫣
Ů콣ıӰ˵
ҽ콣衣
ҵһѧ֪һɲԴҿ
Ů󷽵˵
ȻԣһֱңҾǸط
ˮָָˮڵλЦ
аϸ磬ⶼһˡ
ˮſ콣衣
ʲôһˣбϵȥȥ
콣˵һ䡣
ѾŮ˴õڰ˳ˣЩû콣ôˣĶܵһЩˣһºܶ˶ǸŮƺ콣еá
Ů˵ʤΧܶҵӻΪˮһȥսǸ櫵ʱһ¡
Ǹӣ
ԴϴʥôҴ뿪֮Ѿóʱûмˣˮ̨ϵʱǸҲ߿
г𣿡
콣ˮʵ
еСڡ
ˮǺܷϵ˵
ʥӰˣѾһϵĵӣϵܻһ㣬αӣС˻ɶˡ
콣ҧ˵
ˮºΪԸо콣͸Ӿйڣƺںˮ콣˫еĿŸӡ
̨ϵĸӿ콣裬еζ

ŮŮѿҪˡ
ˮŶ̨˵
ЩҿϵŮûһк³ģºҽӴһŮӡ
콣ƺرΡ
Ϊʲô
ˮ콣衣
ʥӰʥӵֵܣֵܣǾеֵܣźʥӰʵһֱĦҲֻ໥һЩ鷢Ĳδϲң֪͢ͷųһ仰ⱲӶҳɻ飬ֻҪߵýŮӶк³
콣Цſˮ
ʱ̨ѾʼսҲǸֳ͢һѶذǺͺ櫵צƣһȴǸ͢ź櫶ż͢ĶذͻȻ֮ϡ
ˣ
һӣ͢һذֱӻ˺櫵ļ򣬲ֻˣŻţϾ·ƺ߹⡣
͢ذ׾ֵĵһֻèһ
ɣʦ㣬ɣҪٺǸڴˡ
ô˼ҹڵģǶѧºˣһѧս񻯡
СӿʥӵֵܣСı֪ˣǳԲ˶ߡ

ˮҲ콣ìܵ񣬱Ͼǰܶ˿Ů˶кøУҪ콣оΪԼŻùԼʶҲû˵ô͢Ͳᶯ֡
ɣ
콣̨̾ϾǿŮ˵
䣿Ҫˣȵڣ콣裬֪ĲۣǲǺܣ
͢ŲæĹţʱĻںϼһ˿ڡ
͢㻮µҽžǣѧ֮ĹϵѵͲ³ǹ
콣ĺ
ͻУҲ򲻹ʲô䣬Ҿʹ䣬ѵҲд
͢мĿ콣˵
˵ɣҪô֡
ǽ̾
ˮҲ֪Ϊʲô콣ǸŮͶԵˣʵƣԼҲһָо
ߵǸֵܰɣ֪ܵôɴŮ˺Ҵһºˣ֪Ρ
͢ˮ۶ƺͶ񶾡
콣û˵˫ȭţϧ͢Ķ֣οѾûʸ̨ˡ
ֽûй涨ͬд裬ûнֹͬд裬ֻĻ£ͬǲдģƽʱôʱ䣬ΪʲôҪǰսء
͢˵ĻΧ˾֡
һȺų򣬺Ƿһ
͢ƵĿһˮ
һûʲôûвͷԵеСˣɣ˭˭Ͷϵһ첲ΣҲҽӡ
ˮֱӳ˶̨ϡ


1222 ʮǳɣǣʤ
ˮվڶ̨ϣ˵Ļø͢е⣬ܿЦӣôӣһ첲ôΣ
Ҳоá
ˮ΢Ц˵
ʱ̨ܶ˶۷׷ף͢ѧǺܳģһ˲ȥиǿֳԼʵҲǿ
е競ûģ竻ŵʱģֻļ߱ŲģŲ˶ʱ䡣
ˮƲ˼վ˳Ϊָű˵ķŭ͢ĻǵȻģΪվˮоվǿԵġ
Ѿͻƣ˵սĿ֮£ԼҲҪ˼һЩʲôѧȻɣȫûмɣѧһǲǿԶʤ٣ʹһЩֶɱˡ
ȻЩĹ涨кܶ©꣬˵ЩֻҪ˷־УҲԭˮģǼȻҪ͵͵ĶԸԼôͲôģ˳֣Լǳ̫ǿˣʶԼʵʱˡ
ѾȥˣˮʱһЩҩʲôģ˵ϸҸġ

ʼɣҸȳֵĻᡣ
͢ȵ˵
ҾͲˡ
ˮ˵ǽһӣΧֱһƬ
ϫӡ
һֱг˲佫ͽ˵ѾһĸͽλߺܶʵҪԺľӰ죬ƲѲʹãϾʵһٵ׶Ρ
ˮ֮֮ˡɽ
ˮеıǽӣʶеһһ־޴ǰһսһʼѾ˰ա
ˮ͸͢Χ޴ˮ˲ϵĳȴǳ岻֮͢һ͸ΣڵסΧˮ˺ɱ⡣
ˮ֣͢һһЩĶǹԼźܶ˲֪ܣҲУʵÿ˶Уֻǲβͬһ㣬ȻܾͲԸⱻ˷֣˾Ͳˡ
СӣôҪ첲ˡ
͢Ӱˮд֮Χˮ糱һ˻ء
i
Źi
ˮھһһһǿϢһְ鶯ĽϣʵҲǸǿе似ʵΪģһǧɣھԵʵǰʲôǲ԰׵ġ
Ȼ⸶͢ûеˮɵĵزһͿԿ͢ûǿɱеĻҲĲ
֮
ˮ֪Ը˾ҪԵٶȴң޷ʵ
ɵԿø͢ȥˣûüлعˮıǽһУѸٳ֣־޴ıӺˮǰеһƴֱӳ˹ȥ
ž
޴Ͽµø͢ǱĶ㿪
ˮһ㶣ԼʵѾ˺ܴĽڱʵѾʮ֮࣬ȻǱ֮ǰǿ˺ܶ࣬͢ŲǸͽѣ޷ˮ۾ǽٴһӡ

һʢһľ޴󻨰꣬Ӳӵһӽ͢Χм䣬͢ڻѣɫҵĶˮƣԿ϶͢һеֿ侫Ķ

ˮȻʶеƣֻһһɳ徢һˮˣʮεʮĿǳһֱûнǰʹǱʶľȥ˵ʮĿǳ˲䣬ˮֻоȫըһ
Ȼʱɹˣ
ˮ˲ϸı仯ֱӴ߶֪߶ǰ˰Ȼڸ͢Ͽճһž޴ƣ߸޴˲һˮľ޴ӡǳͼµǳͼ
ƣ
ˮ͵Ľֻ족ѹȥ
͢˫¶ֵĿ⣬ϰɫĹһα֮ǰҪ˺ֻܶ࣬ǵĸо·̫ܶһˮ߶£ޱѹȥ
ԣ
޴ĴȫһŤ˺ѵ״̬Ҳܱʵķ飬͢ʹа׹⻤壬ȻǱıķɣһѪ
ˮ̧Ÿ͢ȥ
Ȼ󻺻ֻ̧֣ٴٴγɡ
Сӣҵģɱҡɣǣ
͢׺ݵɫٴκˣȻһֻСڰŽӲۼ׵ľǳˣȻſ³һ棬ǻһֱӽˮľ޴ӡ顣
ˮҲǳһǽǣˮǰһЩ鼮Ͽ޵һЩϢ̫ĳǵԡ⣬ǵĹֻ֮Ҳǿޱȡ
ˮԷֻӦü״̬ʵӦñռĻ¡
ԼڹԱ⣬֪˰Σܸоǰֻһͷ·һ޼᲻ݵĸоֻ޴ĽѾ˹ٶ죬Ҫ޺ܴ˫Ӳӵг֮⻹һֽթ
ǽթ
ǣ͢ǺøȻʥĸ磬ǰֻ˵ʥΪİȫø߼ʥ޵ѱһֻǡ
һ˾
ʥ֣һŬҲﲻ
пˣ˭ȻԴܸ͢ϧԸ͢ԣԲŹ˵ģҸоһҲᱻɱ
˵˵ɱʱɱҧĺء
ˣҲǳˣϧˡ
žҪģÿ춼вٵ뿪磬ԽԽزۣҲ˻ҲɱأϾôǿһܻǿĺ̨˵ñ͢ıҪǿ󡣡
Ѱҵϣ˰Ѹ͢ܡ

ˮﲻҴ⣬Ҳ򲻹ֻǣɴһֽ˳һ޴һȻֱӵס˽ǡ
ǵˣˮȷʵ֡
ɱˮɱǵ²ûĻֻԲСˡ
ս
ʹһѪĽֱסǣ
˲ͻ
շħ
֮
ͻ
ˮϽεĿ񱩹ʵһ֮࣬ٱǽҲǳ׵ıɱȻˮýϸ͢
䣡
͢æ
ðԼԶۣ
ˮЦ˵
λֵܵ˴ˣǰֻǿЦҶѧģαؿء
͢桢ܾӵ˵
ֺƤˮҲǵһμܶˣˮ˵ȻѾ˵ˣԸķ䣬ҵɡ
֮ǰֻ˵˵֤ҵ֤𣿡


1223 ޿κΣԵʥӰ
֤ˣ
콣溰
磬Ѻǲ֤ģҪԣһҵ֤û˵ԼĻء
͢ĲݲҪˮġ
ûе֤ģ˭ø͢ʧȥֱۣ͢Իظˣŵ˻
콣赹ǲ£ϧ޷
ˮˣ
ʱԶĳ˵ΧֻԼɻĿ򳤹
ͷˮ֪ϲĸ첲ˣⲻʹˮŹΪ֪͢˾Բưոݵġ

Źģ
̫
ˮ˵ţȴѸٵĳ룬ϸţëĽڸ͢ĶͷȴѸٳ룬һֻץס͢
˿ˮҪŤϸ͢һʵֻˮ֪ʲô֪ܲܿóĶޣ޵ľҲҲʲôΪϸţëĽ̵λʲôҲû£͢ûио
ңѧ
͢ĺ
סְɣˣ֮ĶԹԺ˵ɡ
Ǹʱվ˵
͢ˮЦЦȥӷ·սʤһʵֻи͢Լ֪ѪˣѾ˾һɱ˵ġ
֪ˮѾˣµǾ룬ֻҪˮҪԲɫø͢Уڲʱ
ˮû˼ڶ̨ޣҲҪȥ¶˽һûԸ򣬾ˣѾεΪѧ˾޴ҫ
ǳ׺͸͢ʥӰӣӦúʥӰԼˣԽǿ֯ԽںˮʥӰ֮һиһ˻Ϊˮöʱͻʧ
ˮ콣迪ĵˮϵǿֵΪҵʥӰģҿԱ֤ǲ鷳
ܱ֤𡣡
ˮЦ
ʥӰǿӦʱȥ鷳һСϺֵܴ򷢡
콣ܿģȻģܿ͢ԱҲ飬һֱø͢Ϊƾ̽Ҳˣʧν
콣ûΪʲôȥϵ͢ĸ첲ǰʵȻ˵֤Ǳʾ¡η帶͢ˮϵ͢ĸ첲Ϊˮ뱣ͺˡ
콣֪ˮҪϸ͢첲ĻһֹģǸУʥӺԼֳ׷ǸŮˣ֪ʥӵǿһˮȥϸ͢첲ġ
Ǿ鷳ϸˡ
ˮһ䣬ʱЩѰæҲǲģʵеͣĵǣнļʦļʦ֮ûܶԼв
ϻ֮ļʦо޵еĴڡ
ֵܾͲҪôˣο黹Ϊҵԭ򡣡
콣Ц˵֪͢ˮ֮Ҳһڡ
˶ǺܺˮսʤΪʲôٶ̨ϣҲû˵ʲôսʤȨȥġ
һαˮȥһΣǺܶ˶סˮֻΪǿ󣬾ˮʵҲǺǿģѧһЩҲ˿ˮǰ;ϧмʥӰһ顣
СʥӰѧһЩ϶ﲻġ
ûˮҲ⣬ѾûǸϵԼʦߵ뷨ˣοֻҪһǹƿ԰ЩԶԶ˦
û꣬ˮ뿪ˣ͢ɱģӦúܿ죬ֻҪԼڵӡ
Ůˮһ뿪ģ褺߹û뿪
صסˮųɾˣҪڵսʱǸܵʮĿǳѾŽ˺ʵλãĽӡҲЩǳİͼ
ʶ
ˮʶеƬǳֱ˺ܶ࣬ǳȫʮĿǳֿǿŽǾʮĿǳм䣬ɢĽȴǲۡ
˰
ˮ˲ʹãȻʵı仯ˮɻˣʵûб仯ֻ΢һ㣬þһ˰ȴɷһ˼Ǳûн
ˮŵʹΣõĽˣŵˮ˺ܶκ󣬲òһʵ˰һЩͼʲôã
ˮ鲻ʵˮڣ˰ȻûֱӾĹȴʶеľ˺ܶ࣬оԺͽϱǰǿ˲ֹһ
ˮʩչ˴ӡĽʱʹð˰󣬿ǽɫһĽӡĽһࡣ
оѪ٣ѪٵҲǺܶ࣬Ժãס˵ҲԽѪؼһ
ɾûˮ̸϶ôƣǸоеʧ䣬ѾþûɾˣѵҪŮ˲Լ˭ء
ʣһҲҺʹˣˮڸоԼɾѾе޲ˡ
̾ˮʼͻƣʵҲɣʱѾҪٽˣΪѾ粽źܶˣһֻпҪʱŻɡ
Ҳڴڴɱһ죬ͷʵҲǺܿˣͷǺܸߣǵ۵ҲڽĳɳƺѾһŮˣˮоܹ죬Ϊͷ̱Ҳѷɫ١
ɣˮоͷ˵׼ɵĴڣˮŹͷΪͷ⣬һ뵽龳磬͸оԼ뷨̫ĵˡ
ѧĽܿ͹ȥˣˮȵ콣ͺȴǳΪŮѡ
Ȼˮϲ콣裬ûп콣ϲ櫣Ů׷иֽһͱˣͳˡ
ˮûиܵνΣ뿴һʵȴǱֺ͢һս׽ûһȤֻ뾡ͻƣŽɽˣǲԩġ

һºˮׯԺͻȻһˣмʮ
һºܰˮе㲻ţֱӴʮˣҲģˮһ۾ͿΪ׵ϡ
ȳƵߣһһˮɫӣһһǳɫӣΪվǰˮעǣΪ纣һϢ
ˣǽ첻Ϊֻص㶫
ˮɫӵüͷ΢壬ܿչˡ
֪ʲôҪֻصģôʦڵġ
ˮʾŮ뿪
ʥӰˣʥӽȡ㶫ȥ
ԱߴŻɫӵƽĿˮ˵˫۾̫ˡ
ʲô
ˮɻʵ
һֱۣһֱۡ
˻ƽĿˮ


1224 ˡֶ
ƽˮᣬʥȡԼһֱۣˮܲ˵ʵ֪ܴܲԷ
ˮֲõĸоΪܶ˶֪ǽɱģʲôʵӦöԽǼȻôûнߵʵӦòڽ
뵽ˮе㷢£˱ǿ̫࣬ǽ컹Ҫܣߵˡ
콣ǳȣ
˭ԼǰΣΪǽɱЩˣԼȻð´ʥӰһǿˡ
ˮоԼǵֽеˡ
뿪͢һĻᣬȻܿͻ֪ʱǸνʥӻ᲻Źǡ
ˮƽ˵
˵ʲô
˵͢ǲһʧĻ͸ҹȥ
ˮЩѾûһϢˣ˵Ҳôˣ˲ֺαίԼ
Ϊֻ޾޵ˣߣȥκøӣȻǾѺȥԵͷ
ɫӵǰһסˮ
ֻҪǸҶ֣͢һʱοɾǿˣЩ˲ٵҽʦҩʦˣŲǡ
ˮν˵
ˮɫӵֶһ£һˣѯʣˮɫ֪첻ôˡ
ʱ򣬳˽
߰ɣ´ҲɱǣҵҲҶ
ƮƮĻ߶һ
ˮƣˡ
ߣ
ȥ˵ҿ
²˵
һڵȴǻˣˣŮתԼķȥˮǿŮſŮˡ
ƺǿˣһֱʵ˵ֱʱǺܿµġ
ллȴҪŮӡ
ˮЦƺΡ
ôŮˡ
ˮü塣
ôῴŮˣҵĸ׿ŮˣǺŮ˵ģŮΰġ
ˮû뵽Ů˶ͦġ
㻹ͦģܲ
ߵˮǰЦ˵
㶼Ʈˮıӣ̧ͷŮ˵ϣܽĹǣֺӵһ׹쳾ӡ
һҶһЩζϻҵĹˣ˫ˮֲƿĸо˺ߵŮ˶ӣһٺ˶ӣرôʱӡ
۾һĴڣͨһ˵۾ԿһЩĵĲˮĲʵо۾۾Ķӣײ
ˮ΢΢ҡҡͷƲĿ⣺֪ħ𣿡
ˮ뵽ǸǿŮˣʵȻ֪ΪʲôͻȻ˵ûмܶϢ
ʵоŮ˻Ǻǿģ糤ǰһֱΪŮǿҲЩʱҪˣҲ֪뷨Բԡ
ˮЦЦ˵
ִǲǣ˵ûҪ˵ûŮζ
˵ɵʱƺرų仰
ˮԾӿһЩŵĶǳֲ̬ʥӰ;ŵжϲռĹǣŮ˶˵ǿԽեһɶģե˸ɣ˵ŮڴϿһ˲ֹսȥֱΪ˸ɣмƣ
ôأҿ֪в˶ͼ죬ҼƯŮ֮һ
ˮǺЦЦ
Ҳ֪ôо٩һҲѵÿŮ˵һ档
ҵˣ㻹кüӣŮԵͦõ
۳ĻҲ̣ɵĶ࿴ˮۣҲǲѣһ룬ƺ١
ˮû˵ϾЦЦ˵ȥǱ˵˵ʥӰ;ŵɡ
裬ˮͳԺеͤС
ʵ洫ҲֻǺǸʲôʥӼ棬ʱ䲻һʱ䣬Ǹ˺أѧĵλܸߣ˵Ϊѧˡ
ǳһ˵
ǲĺǿ󣿡
ˮܸȤԷʵ
ǿ˵꣬Ҳ˵꣬ᣬʵжǿҲ֪
ˮ˵
Խ弶ʦʵ𣿡
Ҳ֪Ȼﵽ弶ʦĳʵ弶ʦǿԴﵽʲôʵҲǰĸ׼ԹʦҲֻǳνǿ˭ʵǿ
ˮǰûʲô
ԽԽÿǾ޴Ľ͵ʱͻƣÿͻǿʲôҲ㣬˹ʦÿһǰǾ޴ʵԽķԽ£Ҳǵһ㡣
ˮ㻹ҪСһ㣬Ȼҳ棬ǸӦûҵӣӦû鷳ΪʥӰû£ǲưոݵġ
е㵣ĵĿˮ
ˣûжã콣ˣһ㲻˼ˮҰֳ˵ˣʥӰ̸һ̸ģҲû뵽һλôͻȻ
ϸľ͹ˡ
ˮЦ콣
ϸܣھŲû̫ӰʵҸ綼ôף˴Ҳֻ˵ﴫܴܲҸж֪
콣̾˵ʵ顣
ϸ˵Ǽˣ֮ģһܸܵϸ粻ʲôαˡ
ˮʵûд㿿ţϣڱϣҲ൱ڰˣ˲󼺣˲翿Լ
ô죿
콣е㵣ˮİΣ
ģҲµģŮʦǰˣǸʲôʥӰӦûһɣô˵Ҳˡ
һ˵ˮ𳤹ǰĻҵˣˮоù졭
ˣ֪Ǹ͢Բʹ˷ֵģ粻С£͢һİ취Ը㣬ҲһʥӰĵλǺܸߵģкܶǿΪ¡
콣˵Ҳеɬ
ϸи͢ʵ֪ھŵĵλ᲻ߡ
ˮʵ
磬ǿΪ𣬱˵ҸǾŵУûϵʵҵĵλҲߡ
ֵܣԺΣֵܣ㣬Ӧûİﵽ㡣
ˮóһϽѪݸ콣衣
ˮͻȻһ콣裬ʱνӴоֵýύԼԿٰ߲ʵټǸʲô𵤣ֻҪϽѪıʣѾˣʳϽѪھвС˵Ȩ˰ɡ


1225 ©ҩ𵤣Բ˼ɾ
콣ûпһˮֱӴ򿪴ƿϽѪȥҲ˵ˮȻٶʲô˫оԷĳ⡣
˹
ˮش
콣Ҳæ˹⣬Ҳ֪ʲôˣȻܼ½ӵѪ̫ˣֻҪӵѪ˶дΪѪ̫ˣԲһЩıѪıϽѪ顣
¾𵤵콣ҪһЩʱ䣬ԵϽѪ鲻һϽѪӣֱӴ߻˾𵤵ҩ
̶̵ʱ콣켣Ϳʼ仯˫ۿˮ΢Цŵͷ֮˵ллˡ
ϵܣͻȥͽΪͽھžͻЩλҲԲһЩŵ顣
콣΢΢ҧҧ˵
ţģҲµģΪ֮ǾķչԼʵϸһκ˶翿Լ
ˮ֪콣ӦһֱǸֳ֮£ôĳɾҲͱˣһǿֳǺ£ҲֳС˲ɳԽӰӣͷ·һ˱ܴ󣬵վơ
콣ˮĻһ㶣ȻɫˣòųĳһȻˮһɣЦ˵ϸͲˣһӵֵܣԶ
ǧ׵ã֪ϣԶֵ֪ܡ
ˮЦſ콣衣
ģһŬõǵġ

ˮȻ˵е˽ĵģ˵˽ģײ򣬵ܲܽ¸Ͳ֪ˡ
˭Ҳ˵׼οˮ󲿷ԭǽѣҲһӪÿ˶ϣ֧֣Ե˵ʱ򣬶ϣ˺Լվһ
ˮֻϣʥӱԼ棬˵ԼʵķۣԼһЩչʱ䣬оϣĻЩã콣ܰﵽԼһЩ
һЩˮҲӦˮʥʯָоУоŹڵĽܻûжסԼ
ǸҲϲܣϲɥ֮Ȯһ
еĽУ콣ߵʱˮľ𵤡
һֻţһԼˣһŸˮˣ콣ֳģ亱ĵҩÿֻʹһţϧЩʹúЧ޴󣬿ЩʹúЧ΢΢ȻȽ϶ԣΪÿʹúǸо𵤺ǿ
ˮŽеƿֻӫƿ֪еĵҩ󣬴򿪿УһϸӼһĵҩĴָСɫĵҩɢһǿ
ͨ
ǵ
ˮˣⲻǾ𵤣ƺʶʲô¿ȥ
һĵҩҩʹߵĸǺʣԼǱܣ÷ںܳһʱʵٶȴߣڹǿЧá
Ͱһʹľϲ
©ˣ񵽱ˣˮڵĸоųȻֱӽɾҪԣҲǵǸı˵Ķ
ˮֱǿңһ쳣ǿҡ
ݣˮҲУܾǰݵʱģһֱţû뵽ھȻóˡ
״̬ڵãˮ¾ǵһŰݵľ
ˮǾɣĹǽɫⵤҩǶԹǿԽоԼĹǿġ
ܿˮ͸ܵеı仯Ĺƺ죬ɫӵĽƣһ˵ܣȴĸоӿȥ
ɫӽƣǰ΢׳һ㣬еڻӣĽɫĹֳһ־Өĸо
ž
һʲôƵģһĽɫСһĴŹϳȥٶȺֱܿʶ
ĿʶеĽǣ
Բ
ˮʶһ֣Ǹоǰ·ǳһһ㣬Ӧǳ˾ĽƣﵽԲ硣
ˮֻогǿûļϲʶҲǵɫСķ˷츲صı仯ʵ;õ˴
ʶеı仯ˮͻȻоһϤĲǿңǽɫСǿŽ֮󣬽ǿ蹬ڡ
ˮȻ˫ۣɾΧϲΪΧһƬأ֮ǰʮ
ˣ˼ɾ
ˮôҲû뵽ʱȻˣһž𵤣˵һžǵֹԼľԲǸɾ
ǰʶΪɫСǵɾǰζΪŮйϵͻƵģˮһֱΪɾŮйϵ
ʵµҲ˵׼ΪһǺ;йϵ˫ҲӾ˵Ҳһ׼ȷһ˵ɾֻŮһ·ߡ
ˮûмȥǸʯˮѾ˵һˡ
̫ˣĺ㡢ڹꡢƽҩꡢϰȵȣһԵȫɢˡ
ˮоеŵˮأͻȻһҺ֡ˮȴ峺ף־ۺܺá
վ޴ĺߣˮȻƽȻſΧˣϡƺһ㶫
ˮʯȥ˼ɾΣʲôö
ˮֱӿ棬һ۾Ͷ˰˼λá
ɾ˼ѿ
ˮһɾˣ⼸оһɾ޴Ҹ̧ͷ˼ɾĽ
һ֮Ȫ
ˮĿǼ֣ȷûпȻ֪˼ɾǱסˣ֮Ȫ
־ǿĴڣӦǿԻָȪˮٲصȪˮԪȪˮ
ˮȻûȥ֮ȪˮֱԼ֮ȪþǾ޴ġ
Ϲһ꣬ǧ꿪ǧǧ죬ÿʮֻʹãÿʹһţԴȵ޵ʵ
ҩݡϾ֥ݡϳݡ
ʮ֣ģˮ˽Ҫļλҩݣ˼ɾȻǷݵģһеģ˵һЩطѾǺѼˡ
ʮβá
βá

ˮǸģ²֪ʲôãҲŹ֣ˮģЩɢĽÿһֶ˷
һֱɾʱıȴûб仯ˮ֪ǸÿĻƣÿνһζǰʱ䣬ûǳŲģо˷ѣܵ˵ˮеʧ䣬ʱ£ԼпһЩʱ䣬ɰա
ÿɾʱɻʱ


1226 ֮ȪԲ
ʱûб䳤ˮѾˣǿȻҪܶʱ䣬ʱԲΨһؼأȻҲͲһ˵ˣ˵ˮʱѾռ˾Եơ
ǰ˵ǰٷ֮ʮŵĺˮϰٷ֮һ츳Ȳ˵ǲƭˣģô仰صǰٷ֮һԱǻٷ֮ʮŵĺˮҪҪǰ仰Ҫ־ǣֻҪŬܳɹ
ʯƿĿ⣬ˮڿ˵Ǻһˮأ峺׵ˮ֮ܸоˮְȫУУһжԼһ˵ġ
㣬ˮϺһԳ㣬ǺѾʮС㣬ʱˮлĳţ鶯Ķ㿪һЩΣա
㡢βˮҲˣ࣬ǳζ֮⣬ǿΪǿ̽壬㻹һ츳ϴϴ衣
Ȼ棬ֵĶЩ֮Ч󲿷һԼ
ֻһЩģЩڶ̫ܶ٣ŰɣɾӦûǺܿġ
ˮɾʱƣûʱƵģЩҩݡһ൱İ죬ˮֻʱʮʱ̫ˡ
Ϲ
ˮںߵϹߣֻ˸ߣȴһ˶֣ĲԾоرɫģһƤǵҲʮһĹʵֻǿӨ͸ûһ覴ãһƷ
ˮʮϹժպãʱýʹˣҪȻýʵͻơ
ˮ֪ϹжãʱȷһţڻбĶҪ
֮Ȫ
ˮν֮ȪʱΪν֮Ȫһʯһİ˸ߵʯ̨ϣʯ̨Ŵ־һ״СɢһֵĽ׹ΣǸ֮ȪֻڴСһɢһİǿ𾪣ľۼڿڶ˲ɢ
ˮ棬ԽԽСײֻоѴСкǳһЩӨҺ峺鶯ƺˮܶȴûмҺоҺʵˮǼġҺǵʱ˵Գ
ͨ
ˮ֮ͨȪ
֮ȪؼһȪ۵γɣÿһΣһ˵Ԫٲǿǽ壬ǱܡԸҩԸ츳˶졣
öĶˮʱĵһݣһŻһΣûɾĻҲŰٵΣٵβŶ٣һˮƾͲ°ٵΡ
ˮܿһ֮ȪˮȡƶСΧһ㵭İһ
ԥһ£ˮֱ콫֮ȪУһֵζĸоһֱӻ֫ٺɢȥȥ
ˮ۾ı仯һ΢ģһɳ汾߰ĺۼһĨɳ
֮ȪѸݵľ޸һ֮ٶаˣȻˣǻһ˿ۼƲ£һĲ²ýƿ޷ͻƣǸԪҡ
ߣû߲ˣˮѾкܶˣҽʲôĶǿԺ޸ǰǸо֮ȪԼı˲٣޸˲٣йʲôĶǵõơ
֮ȪûƣʱηûЧԻ϶һһ㹻βǿǵȡ
촽һδĸоˮڲ뵽ԼѾԲˣǰ֮Ȫбʵƽ͡
֮Ȫȹʵľ޴ãЭƽ⣬һˮЦˣһӵȫ仯ټ֮Ȫʵﵽ˰ơ
ƣԲˮﵽһȫδеĸ߶ȣоԼǹǰ±壬ھԲˣټϱʵ֮ȪУҪǾҲõڲǲˡ
һжΪ콣һ𵤣֪㲻Ĺأֻ⡰Ҳ̫ˣӦöֵˣֵˡ
ҧҧˮָ۷壬Ȼ֮ȪԱߵԱϥ
תϹϹǿһһתһֱת󣬴ӴϹϽǹǿȥ
䣡
Ǹɫĵһӱըˣһɾ޴ˮУˮͻȻ类һ
ˮ۹۱ǣǹģ˰ѸͼҲǿٵת廹ͣѹоԼҪըʱһ˵ĸоӣǻļԼӴʱֹס˱ƵΣա
֮Ȫ
֮Ȫ͹ҲڱѹþɣȻֱӻᱻѹ飬Ҳѹ
ˮеȻҲڷ˹һҪ˿ζһˮֻ֪Ҫղܻ

ĽҲѸٵתϵĽǰԵգ
ܿˮҪŲסˣ
ڱֻƴգһ˳ԲˣѾԳˣҪڴڵĳԡ
ָоܣ
ˮѾһһ·ѪɫģҺܿͿʼðҺ壬˲ͰȾһˡ
ѵҪ𣿡ˮеɬҪǱˣɻĻҲûˣ׹ǵҩҲûãΪᱻֱըʧ
ʱһĹȥˮоһҲŲµʱһǿ
֮
֮ˮ·»Ȼе
֮Ǵﵽһֱͳ̶ȣˮΣգһʱҲղֻ꣬ƴѾյʵ
ʱһһĹȥˮһЩһЩһֱ£ʱˮ˫ۣоâʵһָܿԭĺһһǵ塣
ˮŵһѪͷһϵѪ̿춼һںɫѪζأһһζ
ˮæ·£ϴ裬ֱӽǰ·ٻ٣ƤˮеƣΪŮ˶еһƴˡ
м⣬ȻţӲʣʵˮϲôõļǸоֿһá
ȵˮһĸо
һżȥһԼڵʵȻȷԼʵ֪ԼѾһˡ


1227 һɳ죬ǿʵ
ˮʶʶһǳɹ۵СأʮĿǳһľţмǿҫ۵Ľǡ
ΧźܶľǳһͻΧǳʮʶһ嫵ľ϶ˮϲָо
н𵤴һЩûֻ̫࣬ǿӳһʵޱȣ̺ˡ
ӵȫһӸܵڵʵ
ʵﵽµǧƣƺеϣǰǷӱʵһɣɣˮ֮ǰǰƱʵǧƣȲǵõһɣҲɣƺһɶ಻ɡ
뵽ǰΣգѵΪԼ޾ô࣬ǰûбѾ汲ոˣԼƵıʵƴյǧһƵʵԼǧһƵıʵǲԺյĻࣿǲΪ޷ôûյɣ
ˮתڵʵǧƣ߲ʵӱʵʮ屶ǽ屶ʵټϽ𵤵ȣˮʵﵽ˾˵ʮƣĻʵٴηƣҲǾɽڵĹ
ƣˮãּһɽҲƽˡ
޺顢ǽ𵤺´ﵽ˽ʮƣʹô֮ӡĻٴηʹô֮ӡʱ̫ˡ
֮ӡƺܶ࣬һҲʹò˼ΣϷļʸСˮĿǰȵķǾɽ֮ӡҲȣֻǲܳʱʹãÿһʹĶǾ޴
һ죬ˮʱоַ˭ĸоʵıҲ˾޴ı仯ľ˷츲صı仯
ﶼʵ˻˾࣬ʲôܷŵÿֽţҲԵݲȡ
֮Ϊ۳ʲôⶼӦڴ˿ʱ֣֮ǿȴǲֵһᡣ
ˮ֪ʵʲôȼ弶ʦѾԽ弶ʦһ㣬ˮûͻƵ졣
Ȼûдﵽ죬ˮڷ·𿴵˰żҪɽȥɽôߴ󣬵ڿɽǰɽ
Ѿ˰żӦʵԭɡ
֪Ѿ˳ȥʱ䣬꣬ûüȥЩľҪһѾȥ˽ʱ䡣
ɾǺãҪҪչˣǿµʱ䣬ܱ˴ţֲʲôҴĺĵӣǱչضܷģɾֻҪһ죬Ҿ԰ȫ
ʱˣɾʱϵҹǴνȥģˮʱÿ㣬ٴνȥû顣
ׯԺĶСׯԺȻǺܴ󣬵ҲСˣ״СĽׯԺǺ۵ġ
ˮĺˮкˮȻսɾߵԺʱŮѾﳿˡ
ˮŮ΢΢һ£ûбֳʲôˮ֪ΪʲôԼе㲻ϰڵļ
ò̫ͻأֻϤ˲Żᷢˮ仯˻ǿʲôǸоܺá

ԴϴŮҪˮ常֮ŮѾϰˮˣȻûʵҲһֽ˵ԼڽıŮܵů
ˮЦŵͷʾŮҲҸطʼ̫ȭˮʵڴ̫ȭǸоر𣬸о˫ۻȻ֮һ˵ĳ죬ָоһ˻оеһӣǸʱǸоһӿԿɽʯ
̫
ˮ΢΢ı۾гӯѾ;ŹƺȫںˣڸֲǾŹһںϣӰһԳɾŹ
ˮ״̬У̫ȭڽµġ硱֮ˮһĴߣַ̫ȥһƵĽΧм´ѹϢ
һֱͣˮͣŮһ߿ˮ̧ͷ죬ЦŮ˵Ѿͷ˰ɣȥԵ㶫ȥ
ŮЦŵͷ
ӦЦɣˮоŮЦֻǲԣҪϸܿôһ㡣
ƽʱһˡŮŤͷˮ
ﲻһˡˮЦʵ
ƻ飬ǲʵˡŮգ˫ڵˮ˵
Ѿͷͻˣ극һϲġˮЦŮǰԺȥ
ʵһʼˮŸŮȡһѧһֱҲ뷨ֻһֱûкͽŮ
ǰҪˮԼѧеٲά裬֮ǰڱ۸ںˣͻˣ۸Լ˲ˣоܿһʵֻҪýͻƣˮ޿ɹƵĺô
һεΪˮԺƽ˴½ֻҪţˮʵͲսޣɾкʱ䣬ˮҲ
еõܣǸʱѱĻֻһֱޣҲޣû뵽Ȼ߱Ѫһľѣߵһǲףò˼ݡ
һʱˮŮˣ߹Ҳû鲻һﶼǺ徲
һεͻˮ״ѧΪͽȻΪϵӡʦߵȣѾû˼һˡ
ŵһִ㣬糤콣ڵľš
ˮʵˣҲȥ۳ˣˮ飬һЩʱ䣬һŵƽֻҪʵʲô˵
㲻˵𡣡Ůˮʰˮû˵飬ֻԼˡ
ʵˮһֱǰ˵ԱȽˣŰ취˵˵˼άĸḻ
ˮóһСƿװģһƿװһΣֻжʱʹŻװȻ֮ȪǡȪУõġ
ζôˮЦ˵
ŮˮЦЦȻǵ֮ȪȥѾ˿ֻԼá
ˮһԿʳ֮Ȫһǲģо֮Ȫϴһϴһ˵һУöŮӦø
һİŮ𣬽Уܿͷڰ֮гһΡ
ˮ֪֮ȪѹŮڵڷʼճ岻֮ȪİΡ
忪ˣô֮ȪЧҲͱˣ֮ȪѹסŮڵ˵Ѿźõķչ


1228 ȡɷһ
ŮʵõԾʽǰѾﵽʦٶˮ𺳣츳Ѫϻ̣ϻϢҰĶӡ
ŮƺѪɷŮ·ҲעԺĲڻôᣬѾ˾˵ʵ
֮ȪԴһЩеĽƣ֮ǰԪܵͣˮùӡҵȰ˲٣ǰ֮Ȫٴΰ١

Ů״̬»ع󣬾ϲĿˮʵЦݣһůЦݣˮԼĺܿġ
ˮ֪ʲôԭŮǰǴ磬ֻгޣоңֲ뿪磬˵ȱ
֮ȪõĲ䣬ԼŬܵ绹һů
ôϲ𡣡ˮЦŮԴ
ϲ̫ϲˣоáŮһδĸо
ˮ֪Ǹζ˵СˣϾ仹СԺˮѾʮˣȻھݻǺˣϾһ꣬ǰиʮĺ̫ˣ˼άҲǷǸλ
ŮоȻ˵ҲкüˣҲоŤ
ʱٳûЧȹЩʱˣٳԡˮЦĶͷЦŮϵЦʢһ㡣
֪ǺöӦúϡ٣һ˵Ůקˮ俪ĵ˵
ˮһ֮ȪŮԸ˲٣֮ǰȻԼѾǢˣû㿪ģӦŮһЩĽᱻˡ
Ѿͷиˡˮ֪Ҫȣ˵
ϲѾͷֲҪҪҲաŮν˵ˮǴпһ˿ıˡ
ǲʲô飬Ӧ㣬һһȥɡˮŮЦ
û£ŮŮԼɣʱ䡣ŮˮЦ˵
ˮ̾Ҳ֤ʵŮ飬ŮˣǻǾ仰һҪȥʱҪң֪
ˮ֪ں˵У˵ҲھҪȥûڶ˵
ţŮ˵ģҪ֡
ŮͷЦ˵
ʲôأ
࣬ҵȻˡ
ˮһ㶣ŮһǲյģǶԼ岻⣬ѵҲΪԭӦмԭɡ
Ǿͽɷɣоô
ˮΪʱϵɷ
ϲ֣
Ůĵ˵
극ȥһˣˮٴΰŮ̱ԪɷѪɷ黯ߣѾԼԼҪѪɷˣνɵǰǲͬġ
ʵû壬ȻЩаŵʽ⣬Ҫ˵ʬϰʬʲôģ似û壬ˣһ;ǧһҪʹаŵķʽ
ʱˮׯԺٴһЩˣˮĴٴαҰײ
Ĺ

ˮʱ룬ͽõüͷˣ쿴иˣȻǲôŵġ
Ѿͷȥ
Ҳȥ
ɷæ˵
ˮεĵͷ߰ɣ
ɷЦЦקˮȥ
ˮɷߵʱ򿴵ԶѾվŶʮ£һ۾Ϳ˸֪͢͢סˣֻǰķʽˮе⡣
ˮΪԷŵ͵̬ģû뵽ϴλҪҰرǸ͢е
ģҶֽţʶϹҽΡ
ˮʱ͢ĺС
ˮ֪ڵ飬һ߸ϵˣһϵĵӣʥӰʥӣҪ÷Ҫ꣬ͻȻҪ˰ǸĬĬСôƽ
ʲô˵ܣҪҵ
͢ҧˮ޲ȥ˺
ҵׯԺǳȥ
ˮŮ߹˵
ûḶ͢Ĵвƺһֱø͢оһȭڿһ
ˣԩ˽ⲻ˽ᣬ뿴ҵϰϵĽưɡ
һվˮ
ƽˮĿһ
ˮ֪һΪԼԲŻɣϾ˸ܻ͢ȥ˲ࡣ
˭
ˮЦʵ
ʵˮѾ³˵ݣΪ˵ʵǸ߼ļʦʵǰҲˮǿ󣬲ˮо־
ѧһϡ
˵⻰ʱһְԺ
ѧܳΪһϺܲݣͼĳҲһǿʵĴڣһֵλҫ
ʵˮҲµһϣֻʵƺû󣬵ˮһϵʱǸоⳤϵĵλӦúܸߵģʵӦҲܸ߰ɡ
ֻΪʲôͻǰĳ£ôͳʦľ͸Զ˰ɣͻˣʵӦҪǿٰɡ
Ŷһϰѵȥ˼ﶼַʽ𡣡
ˮˣûЦҲûŭ
ˣǲǾʱҽθӵġ
һƺܲԸ˵ӻֱ˵
ΪʲôҪҽΣ
ˮһϸ˵ֱӶȥ
һһ㶣ǱˮҭģΪѧǸͽҲҪģھӢӡ߼ӵȼǸޱȡ
ѧѾǸ߲֮ˣڴ󲿷ѧֻĴڣţݣѧĳҲǽĴڡ
˲Ҫ£ѧĳϣҪݡ
üͷȻʱܲġ
ˣﲻӭλ뿪ɣҪʱŪôҶÿ
ˮڻһϷġ

һĴӵۣһ
Ե΢ϵˮȥһһҵˮļץȥ
ҵׯԺҪ֣Īѧˡ
ˮĴ
̫֣
žž
ꡭ
Ļ£ǰֱӱõɳȥ赭дĻֻֻе߲֪ǿֲ
ˮ첲ˣѪĵɳȥˮѾˣȻֱӾ
ˮĻ˶ˣһʱֳžţȻ߲ѧĳϣʵȴǱͽҪߺܶࡣ
Ǿʵˮֻĵˣ
һˣΪԼоûˮƯʲôʵôᣬΪʲôôǿʵڻԼǲۻˡ
ǲǿ뿪ˣԺȥﲻҪôᣬΪҪиߵӣҪѧˡ
ˮʲôҲûзһ˵ĻȴһҲ


1229 뿪ؽ
ǻߵģ֮ǰҪʲô£
һɢΧ˱ˡ
˱˴ˣһѧѧĳϣԷֻһӢӣһ
ˮһЦˣ߰ɣ㲻ҵĶ֣ǿļʦ۷ʵ򲻹ҵġ
һˮȻ˵Ϊɫٴһ˫ۿˮֱʱŷɲ⡣
ߣ
һ˵߻뿪еĸ͢ԹĿˮһҲҪ뿪
ҪҪ첲ԼѡһͶϵ첲
ˮ˸͢ĶС
͢һ֪Ҳûôˣһʲôˣһˣ˵һ⣬ˮǿ󣬿ڵˮԽǿ󣬶Խûкô
һ뵽ֳǷݲҲɢǲῴԼµģˮǿѵֳܺ
ǲܣ
ͷԹĶˮʲôҲʧȥҲøκã̫ˣܶ黹
ˮҲûпҡҡͷͷҪȥ˼ĻͷſпȥԶһŮն΢Цſ

ˮЦЦշ˲͵ߣŮĵ뿪ˡ
ˮȻ֪Ů뿪ѾеϰɷΪҲû˵ʲôǳҲϰŮķʽ
ͻˡ
ˮЦ˵Ŀһ˵Ĺ⻪ˮʧһƿĿ⡣
ͻƺˮľһ˿΢ı仯һĺͶŮ˵һԼͻȻͷ
һˮҲȻˣˣ˶ͷֻһûǸʵʵȻȥ׷룬֣ǰһЩˣŮˣʵҲһʵֻǲϿɶѣʵͻ仵ܶ˲仵ûб仵
ţһСľϡͿľͻˡ
ˮЦ˵ҽٿѩļڡ
˵⻰֪֪ܶ˶һ٣һСľϡͿͻˡ
ڱǿӸпޱȡ
Ľʵ̫ˣ޷ܡ
ˮҲ֪ʵˣԼнʵΪһЩлײӵнɺϡ
ʵƳͷˮ֪ҲĻѧĳϣټòɡѧǺܶ˶ӵ
ˮܿʵܵһţϧȴǸܲˮʵˮϢãͬʵˮ߲ٵҲʵ
Ҫһˮı仯ʵ̫ˣ˽ܣҲǳϴˮԭ
ǳ׺ʥӰˡ
һת档
һ죬ʲô𡣡
ˮҡͷ˵
ôһʵܿ죬˵һǧٵһЩӣҲܺʥӰһƴʵ
ˮˣұлҪǿ࣬ϵĴ½ƴľʵҲ뵽Щһӵɫ
Ǹʥʲôʵ֪𣿡
ˮٴʵĺܺ档
ʵ֪˺٣ر٣ʵһֱǴţ˵ѾﵽǧƵʵҲе˵ûУ˵Ѿǧơ
ЦЦˮ
ǧƣˮܽܣϾʥӰУѧĵλܳȻ
ˮ뵽Լʹô֮ӡĻ԰ʵﵽٶƣֻֻڴ֮ӡֹ²ùﵽǧƶ㡣
Լл֮нշħƾԼսǴ֮ӡַҲܺͱǧʵ°ɣѧӦǶһˣһЩϹŶ⣬ˮûл֮ĺˡ
Ǹʥƺţ˵ϲһҺˣ˭ء
ˮЦſų
оһ죬ҲǸʥӣ˵ʱʵӣҲͺ
ʵǿˣҲҪ٩ˡ
ЦЦĿˮ
ĸңҶˣ㵽ʱ򲻰ҡ
ˮЦ˵
С΢ţƺҪ˵ʲôˮһ£ͻ˵˵
Ҳ뵽ϴ˵ĻʵǾ仰ûʲôˮˣֻ仰Ǿˡ
ˮųϲЦЦЦ棬ҾǸоǾ仰ذرƯ
ûˡˣ㡣
ˮ˵ĻرҲֻԼǰе޼ɵҲֻԼǰȻ˵ԼƯҲֻԼǰӲɻ˵Լмӡ
Ҫʲô
ˮĿų
ڵʵԴˣ˵ýܺʥӰŵ뿹ء
˵
ǲǶҪ
ţҪҵȻûʥӰ;ǿ󣬵ҲСҲһЩˣԴŲСİ
Ǵǻҵˡ
ǳðңҾˡ
ܲˣǲܵġ
ŶǶңȥܰ
ˮЦ˵
Ҫű·ģܵٴܰɡ
Ŀˮ
ˣѪˣһ߾ȫΪЧ͡
ˮûн뷨бҪ
һγûУ֪ԽǱԽⲻ壬ҲԽԽ˺أ·δʶһ
ͬиͬõһ㶫һΣٸɣ׽߹Ǻˡ
ˮװ֮ȪСƿݸ
ʲô
еʵ
㿴
򿪺󣬾ȵĿˮ֮Ȫ
ˮһ㶣½ҲŶҲûб䣬˵֮Ȫⶫǿʵôܶġ
治֪һʲôܣҪñ֪֮ȪǿˣҲҪ˵
Ķһ䡣
ллһġ
ûˮʲôʵҲû֮Ȫôģûеڶ֪ѾеİС֮˺ܺõˡ
ˮ֮ǰĳƺѾˣͽؽɡ
ǵһ˵
Ҿ˵֮ôˣҲƺе֡
ˮϣ֪Ůһû˺ķʽ˵Ҳһɫʣ֪ĺһŮ˸ıܶࡣ
ˮû˵꣬һֻѾŤסĶ䣬Ť˳ŷԼʣѾڶʧ̬ˣѾŤˣɴҲͲˡ
ؽ㣬֣Ҫˡ
ˮסԼ֣еŵ˵
ֻһʶĶֻǵסʱŷۣ˵Ȼ΢ָоر


1230 ʥͽʲôǰ
ˮסֵֻʱŷ֮Ĺϵƺв٣סֺ֪еˡ
ҲǱˮסԺŷԼһʧ̬δ˵֮Ҳûʲô֮Ͼûеֵزֻѹϵ߱Ѹһ㡣
ɫĳ֣ȴǷֱˮյĽġ
С쵰㻹Ҫץʲôʱ򡣡
о̫ˣое㲻ʵ
ˮɿ֣ųһ˿ĺΣֽ޷뵽ɫɲͣĺȥһ
ĲҲ֮Ĺϵ٣ⲻŮϵ˵
ؽ㣬ѧĳˣ֪ѧĳ֮ϻЩʲôˣЩӦòѧ֧ɡ
ˮҸ
߰ɣҸ˵¡
Ц˵Ȼˮͷǰȥ
ϲѧֻгΪϲѧˣѧĳϲ٣ЩԺлΪ̫ϳϣֻл̫ϳϲѧĺĴڣ֧ѧ
˵ſˮ
Ǹʲôʥѧʲôݣ
ˮ뵽Ǹʥӵʵǧƣǿ֪ԼѧĶλͬʱҲţǸʲôΡ
ѧʥͽ
˵
ʥͽʲô
ˮɻ
˵ͽʦߣʦ֮ǳϣ֮л˳Ϊʥͽʵǻ𣬱̫ϳϻҪһ㣬ʥͽҲϣѧѡܳΪʥͽѡʵǿҳѧкܶӵ㡣
ˮҲˣʥͽ˵˾δѧѡǴʵ̫ϳϵʵܶǿģ̫ϳϻ϶ܴˣʵһĶѻҲһЩ̫ϳǿͺǿȥģһơ
̫ϳϣͲһǿʵȥģûƣҲۣʳֻҪʵҳѧУػѧػһܳΪ
ؽ㽫ҲΪʥͽģ˵þѧĸˣѧԽļʵ弶ʵʶ۷塣
ˮЦſų
ôɣȲ˵һ˵ΪһҪȫ
ҡҡͷ
ؽʲôԸ𣬱ʲôʥͽѧ
аɣǶôǿңʱ˾ǱԼܶʵɼǱ˱ԼԼڱԼʤ˵ԣ˻Ůˣһ׷󣬾˽ͬʱῪһҵԸһֱܿҵĽоϣԼ·Ҫ̫
Цſˮ
˫ŮˣЦرˣŮܹȻеţʧһǺʵģرǽۿ¡
ѧһ࣬»޺á
ĿˮҲ֪ˮǿЦǸоֵֹģϾǰδڲϰߣȴǲᡣ
ʵҲˮһʲô˼ԼŪ֮ϡͿӦ˵Եְɡ
֪ô뵽ŮϣԼһ֪߹еϲСӣԼһֱȰġ
Ȼ֪ԼûϲСˣǱԼ뷨һ֪ķֺС֮Ĺϵ˺öࡣ
һУǰ붼ģ뵽еŹֵĿԱߵˮ
˺̹ϣ˫ۺ峺ӺܿһҲһյϢͬС
ϲϲģ
ͻȻˮʵ
ģ˭
ˮɻʵ
һ㶻˵߹ֽġ
ʵˮҲµˣǰֻʶʳĲ֪߹ʲôֻ֣˵Ųµġ
ΪʲôҪôʣ
ˮĿų߹ֶ֪֮ദûУοо߹֮䲻н
Ůϲϲǰʲôǰˮ֪֪һ˿ĸԸΪֻֻ֮ܶ࣬ܶ࣬аôˡ
ҷĿܶкøУеϲ㡣
˵ҶкøУеϲ㣬ô죿
ˮų˵
һ㶣ôûио
ˮǸƣЦ˵ˣøкܿ죬øҲʧЩʱģһкøУֻҪеϰʲô飬øкܿûˣǳ׵ʧϲ͸ˣ˵ɣϲƯŮˣʲôϵأ֮˽֮Ů֮ϲҲǺǲǰסġ
ˮ̹ϣо˲ôᣬҸо˵ĻҲе˵Ҳ̹ϸҵˡ
ôǰأô飿
ʵ
һٸ˾һٸ˵ûжԴҲûб׼Ĵ𰸣磬మĶԷһΪһˣһѡɱѳ飬һЩаһ־ѡúõĻȥҵˣҲһְΪһΪһöԷš
ˮЦ˵
һأ
ĿĿˮ
һǸΪԷ˵ˣͿԲþǺúûˡ
ˮƽ˵
ǰˣϲش𣬲ΪʲôǸо
Һܺʲôǰ
ñ֪ںͱŮʲôǰһᾪ°͡
ʵˮе㾪ȣȻڳɷƵɣһЩ쳾Ĺìջ
˵ܾסеİǰҸоʲôﵽ¶ת飬תѪİԼĸֵܽһ
ˮЦЦų
˵ʵʲôҲ˵ˣһ˶ʲôо֪ģѪŨˮԶ޷ı䣬ˮҪ˵ľǰ¾ͻΪİ
û˵ֲôƯӡ
Цš

ػ£ʳõ
˵ҡҡеĴƿ
ã
ʱܿ죬û̫ĶˮǸܵϢǿϢƽʱ˫ۡ
ˮѾоʵеģˣ֪Ӳ٣ˮЦЦöǲһһ֮Ȫֵʮˡ
ˮоԼϴǹܳɹԲ֮ܺȪյӦһЩ֮Ȫɡ
֮ȪĺôõģĻܺǱܻӰһ
Ժٸ㡣
ˮЦ˵һ䡣
ҸˣˮҪСĵ㣬֪ԼܣҪСĵ㣬Ǹ͢᲻
˵


1231 Ϲĵر
ҲͲǲʱҲɷˣҰ
ˮĻɵ˵
Ǹ˿ǺĵܵܣӦòöþͻ㣬֮ǰһ㣬һҪСġ
Ķ뿪
˹ĵĸоʵͦõģܸоݹĻʵģҲܿģֻΪʵĹĶģֻٵģôٶҲûá
뿪ˣˮͤУΪʥӵĵʲôˣɲΪ͸͢һĻɫȻʵҲʮ˳
ɼǸԭˣɱ὾裬ӵҲֻӵܣɲһġ
ʥӵʵӦǧ£ǿѨ磬Իپǧ£ˮоӦǧ֮ϣȻҲΪʥͽ
ǧƵʵˮомסʤ˵ʧܵļʻһ㣬Ϊֻд֮ӡ˷ĹشԷȻֱֻʣ²˰ˡ
ֻҪ֮ӡɷʵĻϣɱԷϾ߰ٶʵһǧƵĹ䵽пֱɱǶԷرǿ
ʲǺܴ󣬼ʲôðյġ
ڵĲڵľˮоԺǧʵս
ǰͳ˵ĻʵģϣܳΪʥͽΪѧĸˮ뷨ѧͳΪԼĺܡ
ѧʶ۷壬ʵе̫ңԶΪʥͽû⣬ΪѧĸҲûпܡ
ȻѧһЩֵĴڣˮоԼʵʱҪһ£ɾ˰˼ĻԼ
ǸʱʥӰﻹǾţ߹һ
콣裬ھչҪʱԼԳƶһ£ѧĻǸؼ
ʥӰ֮⻹ܺʵȼˣеͬҲʥͽ֮һֱھֹϵϾ˭뿪ѧ˭֣һҪڶ϶һµġ
ԽʵԽܷԼĲ㣬ˮǿԼʵٴҲ֪ԼеĲ㣬оԼʱ
ǸԼ֮ǰҪܵĿԼʵԼ޵ʵϣһɾĶԼԼ޶õһʵķ
ԼǴķԾһΣһνһոµĿʼΪԺķչƽ˵·黹ɡ
Ůڳ뿪ͻˣˮ棬һֻҪˮ˵ᰲ
Ѿͷ˵ʲô
ˮЦſɷʵ
ʦǸƯ
ŮȻڽˮϰ˵̵ʱʦ
бҪȱ𡣡
ˮĿ
ȻѵûΪԼƯеԺ𡣡
Ѿͷоһòȥ綾ЫƯ𡣡
ˮЦʵ˵˭ٺ˵һʶ
Ư
ɷ˵
ˣʵŮƯֻòһ˵ʱһʧһ˵ʺں䷴Խ࣬ƣʱԽԽ㡣
ˮЦţ˵ЩʵҪƲ⡣
ţҶˣЩܴ˺ŮˣǻǺ˵𣿡
ɷƺȤ
ǰɣ
ˮЦЦ
ǵоʺûʦʺá
ɷ˵Ҳֻкˮ⣬ˮҲܲ˵ŮĻԣɲϣŮԺһֱȥ
νûֻϲǲϲ
ˮЦ˵

ˮʱнɾȻǰѽ棬ҪľϹ
ˮϴժµϹóǾӨ͸Ӻɢǿҵʥǿ̫ˣ뵽֮ȪͻȻ뵽һֱӡһĽʨ
ͻȻˮ뵽ʲôȻעϹϡ
ˮÿ춼ʱмƺЩһʼˮû⣬ͻȻ뵽ʲô
ͻһѾ죬ʵղԵԺֱӻᱬ壬ǳ
֮ȪӦҲʹõģ
ˮͻȻ뵽֮ǰҪѾ½ʵͻƣһʼûⷽ룬ˣͲýͻơ
ˮԼоһƺ⣬ڵһвֻԼʵõ޴ͻƣԼҲõͻƣͻƣôԼʱҲٴηԾһ£ѵͨ
ˮȻȡһ֮Ȫʶͻ֮Ȫͬž޴ĺôҲԼԭһѱǲҪʲôģҲǻ޷Ҳûкˮͨԭ
ˮû֮ȪȻóϹ
Ȼˮǲյˣ޶ԺܸߣٳָߵޱʲôĵرˣȻޱǿҲһϵϱǿö౶
µϹȻϹеܴ󣬵ǱȲ
Ϲ֮ɵУ˫Ĵ򣬷죬񿥣ֻǴԭһëڵɫˮûʲôоʲôɫǿ


вϵĴķһĽϵҲǿʼܿϾͿʼȼһشصĻ棬ȼյԽԽǿһӵʱΧѾһƬ֮С

ĽԽԽ߰ϵĻӺɫҲʼıɺɫ
ˮʵҲڵǣɾޣЩʲôĲͬϧҲ岻ֻ֣ĵȡ
ˮڸоʱĺ

һ߿ΧĻʧˣϵĻȴǱ֮ߣɫĻһС
ɹˣ
ˮ˿֮⻹һڴ뿴Ϲ޶ٵʵ޳ʲôı仯
ıʵ٣ڵˮԼȲ̫Զˣ֮ȪϹ£ʵﵽ˾ǧơ
ȻûнͻںϺĶ࣬ѾǷ츲صı仯ˣȻûн仯󣬵ûʹãϲ֪ԱϹҪǿ١
ϹĴڣϧֻʹá
ڵıﵽ˾ǧƣˮŻɢƣ֪սһҲ˾޴ı仯
ڤ죬սģӱʮʵʩչһսļ룡
߼УеķٶױȣзжһУԳʱٵķС
棺񷢶ǿĻ湥ڵĻԷһУпµƻ˵Ǻڷ˵ǿս
죺ս湥ıܵ˺ġ
ˮЦˣ˱սʵһ湥ԭڵı
ܵ˺ʱɵļԡɹһɱ䣬ʵһ


1232 ǿޣͻƣͷ
Ȼսû̫ı仯˵仯ĻǺܴģ첻ˣǳΪ˱ս
Ҫ֪սȻǿ󣬵ǿǲ뿪սģǿʵǱսڤ졢ֱûʵʮ
ڤ£ʵﵽ˾ƣûʵﵽ˽ʮƵʵ
ڻȲ󣬵ҲϾûʹãԻڵʵҲǿֲޱˣϧûоѪ
ˮͲˣԼҵģͻѾʶͨҪʹĻҪʲôͺ
ڵû̫ı仯Ϻǰֻ࣬ϱˣɢϢǿ˺ܶ͵Ϣ
ŻڵʵˮСһ£ֻѪͳѾܳʱûսˣҲڲԺͿٴսˡ
ʱȥˣ㳤ˮϹõһţһֻް֮ҲֻʹһţʣµľſޣҲҪΪ׼
ⶫҪʱܳҪʱ仹ҪĵرҲֻԼɾܷһЩЧɡ
ˮеľ޴ѾҪ߶仨֮ЩΧҩʲôıݣһ
һʱҲûʹã֮ɢȻˮΪģɷɾ֮Ŷ䲻ʲôˡ
ˮޣʱսҲ޿Բμս׻׻ĹЧʵ̫ˣر׻ֻҪסʱ˲ϵ֡
޴ҲǿԽ޵ģϧҲֻǴˣ޺ǿǲʵ
ˮ޷ʳ֮ȪȻڷʳϹ
ˮ޵ڴͻһҲСɫ׵绷ƣΧһƬʱһ
ԶַҪСܶ࣬Ȼ𺳣ʶиܵ޵ʵʱ֪ɹˡ
׵ɢȥˮոµޣڣϸԼлһ˿׵·һرӾ
ʵﵽƣ
ˮ֪ΪʲôȻһ㣬ѵʳϹйϵǹ̶Ӷ
벻ˮҲͲˣܱǿ
׻壺޵ĶеʮʵģתܵмʽԷסͬʱԵԷй
׻ͨڵ׵֮Ĺ벻óǧףд΢Ч١ӦЧۼӣ׻ĵʮ֮һ
ٴ˲٣ϵ޵سˮĵ׻ĹҲˣ֮ǰʵĹ׻Ĺʵ׻ر١
׻ǿĵǿ׻֣屶ʵĹٷְԶԷʱͶԷʵйϵÿʱʹΡ
׻Ĺǿˣԭı屶ʱҲǱ֮ǰ˺ܶࡣ
׵ڷгӵ⼫ǿʹ׵˲Լ߳ƣָƵٶȱָʮʱʱÿʹ֮Ҫһʱ
ûб仯ˮûиоѾˣܽܡ
׼ףսģսףԵɵ;񹥻
ڿϵҪȱ֤Լ׼ǳˣ׻ɵĵԷһ˺
ǿһΧһļöԷԣΪ
Ҳһ㣡
սõ˱ٶȣ
ٶȱ֤ϵ޵ˮܿġ
ͬھԼ˳ɵƻȡԷ˳ɵƣ˺ͬӣҲʹÿµĹ֣˫ܵ˺ͬھֱ˲ҪĿ
һֻʹһΣʵʱɹʺܵͣ
ûб䣡
ûб䣬ˮֶһս
֮ŭսģ׻׻ٴһ
ˮЦˣһǺܲˣٶû˵Ȼ޵ʵ׻Ĺﵽ˽ʮƣ⻹Ϊ֮ŭǸһ׻ﵽһʮƣֻʹƣʱʹΣʹþҪսɾһڷų׻Ĵ
׻ɱУҪ׻ˣٶȣԶ빥ǿĿ
޵׼ҲǱսսڴҲ츳ѪսҲ޿´ڣܺӰ֮Ĺ̫¡
޲񣬻Ժ󻹻ȴֻܿԼʵڵʵǲˣǶϱǿģҲᱻ޺
ˮڲ֪յûЧЧĻǾˬˣ
ͷ룬ˮоͷ̱ڵ޵̶ߣˮоһĺһ
ʱѾǸŮ֪ѾһʸУһֻܺˮʶ˵
ˮʶѾһһɾʱˮʶ˵ֻú٣һ鶮ܶ࣬˵֪Щ
˵֮оӥħȣˮ𾪣ĴмȻЩ˵ѪʵǿѪ
ͬͷҲڿϵޣˮоҲǿ
ͷεʱ򣬼ǰһֱǧ֮ǰʵ˺ܶ࣬һθǷ˾޴ͻơ
һӷĹΣ
˻˻
޴˻һرĴ̶ˮͿͷмԴٴγһԴмǿŽɫԴеƯ
ɫͷһһնһǰǸֳһһ
ͷ룡
ͻˡ
ͷͻƾÿγһԴͻƣÿһεͻƶһʱ䡣
ͷڱ֮ǰӰ˺ܶ࣬Сɽͷһͷʵ
һǧơ
һˮԿ϶Ϲӵʵǹ̶ģͷ֮ôӦǺͻйϵ
ȥͷʵ֮һһ޴ķˮ룬ˮڴ
Ԫͷ츳սõʵʮıġ
ʴͷ뷢޵иǿĸʴճԣ͵˿ǵҲԿϣ˺˺
˿ƣͷԷһ˿ǧҾйƣٶȼ죬˿ճԺͶԸǿʵ屶
Ⱥ빥޵Ķǿ񣬿Ĺ
˿ɣսģٶӰ˱
ͷİޱȣżǿĶԺʹ͸Ч
ܣͷķǿ
ףͷļ̡Լ˿ļ̡ճԼԡһ־ģ
һֶ˱սʵѾ˷츲صı仯


1233 ʮ֮
ȻֱʵҲʵ˿ճԺͶԣǾͿ˿סʵҲǿǰֻסƵʵǿסƵʵ׵
ͷʵʹøʴĹﵽʮƣʹö˿ƴﵽһһʮơ
ͷ׾ٵĶԸµʵͷĿҲǺǿģԿس¿ޣǿ
⼸ֻҲˮĿǰǿļֻޣߣˮٹ죬ϾͻƲãɾнʵȫյ
ʵҲԣϾں϶ģоǱеģҲһЩʱˣˮҲֻǴýͣϼ죬ʱ任ɾУǾʱ䣬ʱҲ㹻ˡ
߹꣡
ˮ޶࣬һչ˵ʷʵˮʱʹϹһ뵽Ժ󻹿УҲǿĶޣ˼컹Ǿʹá
߹ѾʹϣӴһ֮࣬ڵˮػ˵ԽкѾ㹻㹻߹лǿԺĳΡ
߹걳ϵɲɢ׺Ϣˮе㾪ȡ
߹֣꣬ԶѪһ˵ľļɣɾ˺
ˮܿģ߹൱ˮһǿıսһˮļ٣ӡ
߹ıʵӵ٣ǧƵıʵ
߶ӱʮʵ
һĲ㣬ǧ׷Χ֮ںһѹѹ塢ӡ綾Ч˵ʵйϵ
һˣֻǾЧҪԼܡ
ɾĴС߹Ҳźܴãû߹ɾҪ֮һС
ˮޣСҲǺԵģʵǰСеĽԲ¾Ҳʹһţ޷սҲˣϾȥϺʱ򼸺Сһȥġ
ˮ˷ܵˮĸܵ˷ܣʲôҲ˵ֱӵó֮ȪϹʳ
޵ĶԺСֻϳһЩʱҲܿ죬Ϣĸо
ǧƵıʵ
ˮһ£Ͼǿģû뵽߹ıʵҪǿҲˡ
֮ӱʮʵͶԣսġ
ʶиʾ綾
ʮٶȣսġ
壺սģöٴηǶԷмжӶɵĹԽ˺ĶɷȥصмöԷжգޱȡ
ˮû뵽С츳ʵ٣ѧǿսҲԺӵĳɵĹ
Ȼ޵Ĺߣ忹ԺӵٵĹٶȿ죬ҪǶԹ
ˮ֪ܲܲμսоӦҲɣҪǻҪ޵ٶȣֻҪٶȴﵽˣҲܰﵽԼվԼϣޣС͵ϮӦǱȽֵģϻöġ
һˮҲǺܿˣԼļֻ޿ǳɳˣڿ԰Լһսˡ
ˮöӡŽʨƣûҪԼѱΪʨʵѾˡ
ҲʹϹ֮ȪܴﵽڵĲΰɣϾڻڵѪرĴ
ʨֱӺ֮ѪĽʨȻں֮ѪϡչǱǺܴġ
мˮͷ˳ȥ˽ˮýʹõģû뵽ʵʲôʵ޶ʹãһֻͨҰҲԣҲΣգֻӵʵ࣬ʵԽǿӵԽࡣ
Ϲֻܷ֮ʳһţԺٷʳЧҲȻҲ⣬ҲǱ
ˮ»Ǹоýʹ˺ãʵԺѪҲܿϲ٣Ϊˣ΢һ㶼ͼһͻǿٱ
οֻнˮʵԷǳɹۣԴֱýʳ֮ȪϹ
ˮ𾪵ǽһεĶܴվڿеһֻɫС̫һҫۡ
Ĳڱ䳤ҺβѾβҲڱ䳤м޴СɽҲڴ׳̣ͬʱ֫Ҳڱô׳Ϭ
ˮӣͷӳĲʮף޴βҲʮףмаʮס
ͷβף
Ȼˮʶмɫܶ࣬޴ǧ֮˵Ҫ׳һЩҲǸޱȡ
ӦǺܳ׵ĽһΣŽǿϢֲˮоֲ
ʵơ
ˮһ£ȻѾܶܶˣһûһΣյĴﵽ磬ֻƵĻӦûôǿϢģȲĿ
֮սõʮʵ
ˮ΢ţ֮һνĺܳףˮ뵽Щǵ֪֮ٱһٱ
ˮЩֻ֪˷֪ܲݣһνα仯Ҳ˵ѾΪĳΣΡ
çײ޲𹥻ʮĿꡣ
ĿʮǽȺɱս
̤Բ磬ıʵĹһļΧĿ֫ľ޷ж
ˮ̤ͻƼˣӦΪһγ׵ĽŴﵽ㾳İɣ̤ı˰ơ˵öԷѣסֱӱһĹˡ
˲ǧ֮˲Ծ
ҲڴһЩϾڵףʮλǧס
ս˲һɵԷǿɱĿɵٶȣһʱ
ûб䣡
շħʩչǧ֮ڵĶĿ꽵һɵʵĿ겻Գʮʱһʱ
Ҳûб䣬ˮоԺϻܱ֮ɵʵֲܿˡ
ͻ˲䷢屶ĹĿ꣡
ҲûˮƣѵֻǾ֮˵ͻҲģϧûб䣬ˮҲˣڵĽѾǿˡ
棺µĺ󹥻джƼ׵Ĺͬʱеٶȡ
ٶȿ˲٣
ۼףսķӣǿ
ۼ׿ûб仯ʵˣ˵ۼ׵ʵҲˣͻһģȻ屶ʵͻĿ꣬ʵͻĹǰҲ屶


1234 ǧʵĽ󣬻Ľʨ
ڵʵѾﵽһرµĵزȫѾﵽǧƣοһɵʵﵽʵһҲǷǳµģοڵ̤ҲǳĿ¡
һΣĿµĹֱӻݻĿ壬ѣ״̬·ǻĽ͡
һͻȻûǿɱУһ̤ĸıѾʵ˺ܶ࣬һΧѣι
ʥӰǸʲôʥӣԼҲܺսƽ˰ɣǸʥֻǧƵĻˮоûʲôˡ
һǿսȻѱʦڱоǿѱʦ
֪ϹѾʹţʣţɾԼĽ֮ȪԼ޶õһǰδеͻơ
ҪĻǽһαͻƣˮ֪һԼն٣
ɶԽûãˮĵǻյʹã޵Ĺһͷˮ֪ĵĸǻյĸͷʵҲǿһ
ҲԣˮˣԽƵʵƺʧȥЧҲ˵ڵľֻ֮ڵʵ
ȻյˮоӦҲǣϾյľĵľһģˮеƣĻĻǲھͿԳưļʵأ
һоûбҪЩɣǰʱûиоʲôʱʵͣ޼һʵҲɲóڲͬˣһʵʵ̫ˣ֪ʱ򾳽ˣˣɱӲһʵˣ˵ʮƻ˵ʲôˮƵҪѪϾͷھӲƵʵ
ˮҲֻ룬ӦòᣬǲߣһĹʲôӦûеġ
ʯ˽֮⣬޶һķͨ鱦ľҲٴһ磬Ժͻƾ͸ˡ
ѾǺˣѱʦҩʦϡٲ࣬һֱҲûõһֻֻǿ޵˻Ǵڵġ
ǿø߼ʥ޵ϧˮֻеͼʥ޵ǲѱˣرʵġ
ʲôģˮʱ룬ǲ룬֪ܣѱѱ˶һЩϵĴһ壬ǵʵԺգǵѪ߹һ˵һĴڡ
ٴһŻɫӣӴϴƺҪһȦǽʵ
θɾֱӳ飬ˮʵӿ˲֪ٱñ֪ԼһοӶΪһòƵȥײǽɡ
һˮ֪ԼҪٻҪһЩʱ䣬ϴںϻѾеʱ䣬ɾѾܳʱˣʮ֮ࡣ
һɾֻ൱¶ʱ䣬ˮǾȵȣΪ˱ǵһȺãԼʱϳһʧ
ڵʵӣˮо˵ûϴôգٲֱ
ʣµʱˮһֱжȹмҲڵķ׭ֱӵסѥʲô棬Чһ
ľǰһ޷ͻƣֻҪͻˣˮоҲ߲٣ʱͿԻӸ߼
ΪڵϾһ΢΢ѾûãӦǺĵȼߺˮľйϵ
ּҵҲǿ󣬵ּӦûˣˮţݣûҲ̭ˡ
ѧ̭飬ʵǿˣлӸ߼Ĺܶ˶̭ǰĹһΪ档
ˮʱ䣬Բǰ似ʲôĶ̭һƵĹ䡣
ˮûµʱѾʼ޸Ȼ
޸Ĺڴ½Ǻܳ޸ĺõ˸٣ֻҪʵǿ󣬻Ҫ˼ܡԼѧϵﵽһµľ޸ģоǶľʲôҪָơ
Ϊ޸Ĺ˲٣Դ½޸Ĺ˺٣칦˾͸ˡ
ˮ޸ǸԼ·Լ޸ģʺһʵ֪⹫ֵĳ̶ȡ
ҵǸ˭⹫һ˵ׯȻһˣǰ⹫Ǵģط
ջǺٵġ
ˮȻߵõط٣Ҳ۵Ƶ·ֱ½ʵ̫ˣ˫Ųֱ췽ҹ̷½ĵ̶뵽ǰǸ磬ȫҲһͿôĹޱߡ
⹫ûңûǰļңˮ֪ΪʲôҲ֪ڻʲôˣ⹫һǲǻб֧
뵽Ǹ׵ˣˮоӦÿҪȥˣʵԺӦþͿţߣ⼸ݿԼꡣ
Ȼе۳Ҳȥˣ֪۳Ǹʲô
һֱȥʱɫѾˣԺʱɷѾǺŬģһֱڰˮĻˮ˲ٵľ񵤣ˮľѾ屶֮һ൱졣
ɾҩԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽҩЧҲԽԽ
һʱˮɷͣ߹ȥ
ѾͷֻҪҪ
ˮ˵˵Ůϲ޵ģð֣ȡ
ɷһˣϲϲ˵
ҪҲѱ
ɷϣĿˮ
Ȼ㣬а취
ˮЦó֮ȪϹеͼʥ޵ɷڵʵõͼʥ޵ѱʨûκˡ
һǺѸٵģʨʵ̫ǿɷڵʵѹι֮ȪȻǵͼʥ޵ٽŲϹ
֮ȪԻָϹýʨʵʱеĹȵõµɡǿ̥һ
ˮɷһֱϣĿŽʨвζڽʨϲˮʱӡ˽ʨǴԺܾȻʱԼѱ͸ѱ
ˮɷĿҲˣֻʨҲֵˡ
ʨʵﵽ˰ǧƣ
⥺𣺿ʮʵսģ
ҲǴ˵кǿ֮ѪޣʨǺн⥵ѪʵɼڵѪ㹻ǿ

ʨǿĹԴﵽʮƣʨҪ幥кǿķ˺ѽ
ʨڵʵˮ˵ʲôɷ˵ȴǺǿİ֣˵ʨԺ󻹻ͻơѪѣҲܳΪҲ˵


1235 콣ľʥˣ
ʨΪʹ˵ͼʥ޵ھɷѱޣ޴Ľʨȵɷתת
ɷǿĵŽʨĴͷǿޣϵƤëۼһ
лл
ɷĵĻͷˮ˵
ɵѾͷ͵ôߣȥԷȥ
ˮɷģҲоܿģǿԴݵġ
ˮɷһЩʳõĵҩоͷڵĵ飬ⶫǺö޵ѪڽѪʲôģž޴İ

ٽʱ콣ˣˮǺܿģ˼仰ֱ֮˵ֳȥǸʥˣǸʥ̸̸
ˮ֪һ죬ֻû뵽ôĿ죬ΪҪһЩǸʥӲŻԼû붼ֱӾҪԼ
Ŷң¡
ˮν˵ڽѾɳʥӦҲһս֮
콣۾һȥ
콣˵ЦˣЦе˵ĸоƺеʲôġ
ϸ磬ôˣ
ˮ콣֪һεġ
ǸʥӱǴģøȥҲӦˣҪȥһҪֵκˡ
ϸǸʥӣʥӰ
ˮνʵ
Ҳ£ʥӰҲҶʲôǸ͢ҲңҺֻ֮ҪûΣվû£ϵ㲻ͬ㻹øܵ͢в㲻κǸǲŹģ˭Ҳûа취ס
콣ε˵
ϸ磬ǲ˵ġ
ˮЦʵ
ǵģΪֻҸ˽ǸʥʲôˣˮϸһκòãڻԿǸˣҸҲֻмܵķݡ
ϸ磬㻹û߳Ǹ߲Զܴ񾮵֮ܣǸļ
ˮ̾˵
ˮʵ콣뷨ҲйĸоûϹŴҲҲоЩǲɳԽĴڣڲһˣκˣֻҪʱ䡣
ϸ⣬Һ֮Ĳʵ̫ˣֵʲô飬Ҹоǲһ¡
콣ε˵
֪ϸΪҺã֮ЩǲģϸϣܴȻԺһ;ԼסԼҪϣƿͻɥʧֳƿľģǱʶΪԼУ޷ͻƣоܲͻƵһ
ˮЦſ콣衣
ˮҲڿһضˣôԺƳΪ弶ʦѡ
콣üͷֳĸо̫ǿˣֳ˼ɵôԣȻˮ˵Щ֪ȴ죬һͨһȺϻʨӣôս
һΪǿߣҪǿ֮ġ
ˮļ˵
콣üͷĸˣ˫ǿҵֳǿ󣬲ɳԽӡСĨȥҪǿĨȥ̸ס
ϸ㣬һҺһԡ
֮콣϶˵Ȼеѣ˵ĻǺܼᶨġ
ãİɣµģԺͻ֪ľǶôȷ
ˮЦ˵
ȣҪԼˮֱӸһ֮ȪƷǿԿ϶ģԲ˵ȥ˵Ҳ£ˮʵڰ
˵ˮǴԼľ𵤵õ˾޴ĺôĸԸһЩԼĶ
οԼѣԺԼԺʱҲܳΪһԴİﵽԼ콣ԸˮǺϲģԭ壬ꡣ
콣ʳ֮ȪʵĻܡǱܵȶǵõϲĿˮѾˮõ˲ٵĺôˣһӵкܶĵر˱ͨҲǺˮȻͲǰľ
ֵĸоˮƺû겻ɵ顣
ϸ磬˵ȥǸʥӻ᲻Լǰ
ˮں콣վԺг߿ˮе˵
Ӧûģ͢ȻеŰ裬ʥӻǺġ
콣϶˵
ϸоἸҡ
ɣȻѾˣ㲻ȥôͻ㡣
콣֪ʥӵϰߣһʥ˭ʱǸǲк³ġ
ǸʥǸʲôˣ
ˮܺ档
ϡ㡢ηԡǡǸżЩɱ¾Ҳ֣˵Ǹеˣᱳ֣Ҳǲְֵɡ
콣˶ʥӵۡ
ˮЩҲ֣ûҲʥλãҪĴҲˣҪ֪ʥǸʲôˣ᲻ᱳΣȻ̹ǾͺˣȻ÷Ļ÷
콣ˣˮϣʥʱҲʱ䣬Ȼ콣˵ʱ䣬֪Ǹʥһǰ
ҲʥһսҲսʱɣֻˮԼֿսֻʱ䲻֪Լܲ徲һ¡
⼸췢ˮеƮƮȻϾ仯̫ˣǺ£ǱҸġ
ڶʱ֣ԶӰˡ
һ춼ƽжȹˮԺĽ̵ɷԵһʱ䷢ԶĶ

ˮ̧ͷԶѧеģҲǳϼģǸһˣӦҪһǿɡ
ܿĸͣׯԺϿգն
ǰɣģʥʱ༸ǰȥ
Ϊ׵һĿ࣬һ״սһ㣬˿ϣ㣬ֻǳǳƣ˫絶
˵ҾԼȻôæҲͲȥˡ
㻹濴Լʲôʸʥ㡣
˵ŭȴǳ˷̡
ʲôʸǰء
ˮڿǲĳݷ
Ϊڴʥӣѧ˵Ϊһ϶ò˵±ѧôҲͶ˶ңûˡ
Ҳˮھֱӷ̻ȥ˵ѧҲûʱС¡
ǲ֪ߵغΪʤһ;Լ޵ˣ㣬ѧɲ㻹Զء
Ц˵
˼ң񣬶ϺͿΪҸô˵ûӡ
ˮЦŻص
һ㶣ĿˮȥҲȥȥҲȥ
ǿӲ˵ֱˮȥ
ˮ˼ɵϵɷֱӳϰգٶ죬̤Ź
̫ն
ˮתȻƻΪ
̫
ƣ
̫±ˮӵ쾡£һնʵѾַ̫̫ø͵
һ;ˮֵزѾͲڹ̶ʽʽлЩӰӣˮ̫ն̫̫ζ


1236 ·ˣս
أ
ˮµһֱӺײӰһΣǱˮٴ̤Ź־̫ɱС
ڵֻ̫ʣ̫ζϾŹµĲÿһжǴſµһбֱӵȻʧ
ȣ
˵˫ȭ˫ͻȻ֣ǽһסӰ޴ȭͷ
ȭ
ˮҲһ˿ȵɣȭʵǰдƣֻѧƷܶ඼ǵ͵ȼѧ֪սߣĴȭѾһܸ߼ѧţѧ˾Բࡣ
ͨȭ
ˮʵת˫ƺҲ޳һЩͬҲǽ֣ǾԵʣˮͨȭԽнͨȭ
ֲҪҪսǿ˭ʵǿģ˭ܻţŲӮ
ء
дҵıˮ˶Ѿó˻ˮϢƳ粨һһӹȥ޾һ㡣
ԽԽľһγźˮԺ䳷˵ʱ˫ȭϳһɫľ޴ȭס
ҲǴһᣬ˶ˮЩͣ˵óɣȻ㲻ҵĶ֡
ˮͷģҪʱȻóһǸ㣬㲻ҵĶ֣Ҫˡ
ٽһУ
ƺеߣӰ͵İȻӰ͵ĺ𣬾һűĴһӲӵģ˱ըԵӰȻɢ

˵ӰĲ˼飬ӲӵĴһӰ˫ȭʱһˮ
ɽ
ȥ
ˮŲæķ˾ɽ˵ʵڽİƣȫʵİƣʵѾѧǺܸߵĴˡ
ʵҲļʦ۷壬һ޴ķˮ룬ٷ־ʮ˻ͣ޷弶ʦĴš
ȥ޷ʵֻȥܼȻһ弶ʦѾǽİʵĹʦ
ϧˮľɽٶƣһƶ࣬һողİƣʵѾܶ࣬Եɽٵײߵʱ˵ɫޱ䡣
֮Ӱ
ӰȻֹסӰһһӰȻˣ
䣡
ɽײӰȻٴ߳ȥ
߾ֱǿ幥ģǱˡ
һϣץȥ
ʣµļߵǸĺѸټսˮ
ˮû˿Ծֻгмһ˿壬ϲˮһһҲˣԼģһӮҪȺŹԸǲк³ġ

ޣ
ˮڵľӿ£ûʹô֮ӡǸʷֱӺˣܰϣǸ档
ž
Ǹ߼ֵǱĻһֱӱ˻ȥһΣǱ˵ʵ˺ܶ࣬һҪǿһЩ
ˮڵĻһٶƣ棬һޱ֮һԵֵһӾͶ˰ֱӱķ˳ȥ
߱ɽסʣµһˣ׼֣ȴֻͣǰһбشˣҲʲôְװɵӲ
ѧĳϣ·ϡ
ʣµһ΢ֵߴĺ
ҪʲôϵѹˣǰʲôˣѧĳҲûȨ˽ץˡ
ˮȻûɱ֣ҲǺù
϶ײְ˰ɣ
ʱЦŷ˹ûеʵЦʹ
ˮЩ˵ķξ֪Ǿŵġ
ʥӰ飬Ǿûйϵ¡
ȻǱǰļߵĺһ䡣
ǾͿţôʰһֱԼǿôԶ٣ס
ǰƺܿġ
ЩǸ߼ѻ𣬺òװѾɽǴǸ˵ߣҵǱ뿪
ߵʱʲôҲû˵һ˵ʲôͽˣԻʲôҲ˵ˣˣʰġ
СֵܺΪ
ǰǸˣһշһǲЦҲ·Цһˮ֪˲Ǵ֮ǾǴ֮ˡ
ã
ˮ֪Ǿŵˣ콣йϵ
û£ǾͷˣС첻ģҪ
º͵˵
鷳λˣҪȥȱ衣
ˮ˵֪С콣裬ھŵλѾʼˡ
´ΰɣԺеǻᣬǻȻȥˡ
Ǻã
ˮĿͼ뿪ЩˣҲ˵콣һҲǾڰԼ
һ⼸뿪ǸʥӦûˣԼһδˣĻԼӦûսˡ
һս֮󣬼ܿˮ־ѧʲôһ˴ĸϣʲôʥӰа壬ˮѾʥս飬Լ
ˮûôһЩԾͰˣս鶼ˣ֪һЩˡ⡱ģֻʥӰ
˵ˮôĿôʥӰʲôֶζʥӵĵܵ˶ⶾܾ˵ˮ˳ϣĿ𳤡
ܶ˲ֻ֪Ϊһ֪ߵغСӣֻҴĿ꣬һʱܶ˶ˮ¿ˮ
Щˮûκθо´ҲģôǱ˵飬˲ΪЩ޹ؽҪ˶̫ˣ˭˶ء
ͤУˮóīֽ⡣
Ȼ㴫ս飬Ǿ͸ɴ¸ĺˣ¸Ը˰ɡ
ˮţȻƤֽд
ʱˮдһʡ
дʲôأ
Ц˵ſˮʯϵƤֽ
ս飡
ˮЦ˵
Ҫս
ȵ˵Ըе̴ڴʱȵſˮ΢ջĺ촽̲סа뵽ЩʲôϽЩͷ
ǰѾų˵ҪսȻⲻһսɴһãܱȱá
ˮν˵
ˮͻȻоȫʶƵСˣòŻ˵мɰսʤ
ɣ
ˮ˵
Ҫս
˼Ŀˮ
ΪҲ֪ʵʱЩһҪԣǶܾܶܵġ
ˮʵ˵ɰղ˵˵ĸоɰգܰеǹоа˳ɵϣ
Ϊˮл֮нշħǸʥǿǿˮǹӦÿͻǧƵʵ
֪üֻܿˣֻǽʵԸǸʥӣˮûеס


1237 ջˮŮģӵ
ӦÿԱɣоӦоʥӵʵһǧƣԸʵˮоӦóƽɣһЩսϽ
һǧƵʵˮͽʣ²һǧһƣʵȫʢ״̬¿Դﵽһǧƶһ㣬ϺԼҲܺһǧƱʵսƽ
ԭսޣˮоֻһǧƵʵӦÿսʤԷս޵ǰ׽еġ
Ҳԭˮžս飬оӦԼٿԼڲ֮أֻҪסԷĻԼļֻһսʤ
ˣʲôأʱ񡣡
ˮǰλ˵
ˮع񲻺˼ĿųŮü΢ȻΪµģЦôڵң
Ҳֻ˵˵ҲΪ˽еѹֵձúͻһ㣬ֻ˵е㲻ףȻǺܺõѣе㲻ʡ
˭ˣԼ֪Լ˵𡣡
ˮдս顣
õģؽҪҼͣǸʲôʥӼͣ׷㣬Ҳܸ͡
ˮųЦ
ûУʲôʱ˻鿪ЦսҲ¡
˺þòŻ˵
ˮﻹǺܸжģͻȻоŮ˵ľܽˣ֮ĹеĳֳҲǴ£ҲСʱⲻҪҪͻȻ֮ľ롣
ؽ㣬֪ңûµģҲһм˻ҲкӣõңҵǺӲģһòߵġ
ˮ΢Ц˵ɣ˸о档
һΣڲʺϺս
ˮص˵
ŮģҲȡġ
ʱһº͵
ˮͳһˮȻͷԶ߿վһӣʱ΢ЦſǣվڰһЭо
ˮ˫𣬿Զˣ˿ͣŽɣһһȾˣü罣Ŀȥ˲ұӣʱˮγĶԱȣˮռݸĳɷ֣ҪüмǿɫӡۣеҲգֻǺһȣԵˮԽ죬˸оǻ
˺ܿʣκһͻоһˣһøβøеˡ
ܳΪʥӰвǣˮֻ˾͸о˾ʥӣһƮ첻Ϣ
ȡȡ𣿽Űɣ
ˮһӣսסֱʥӷȥ
Ƥֽһһ˷ȥˮðַʹ
ЦЦһ׾ٵĽסˮȥս顣
ˮǲϲʢ˵ĸоҲʢˣֻˮоʢˣʵӦþþӸλɵϢɡ
ˮ
סˮӣˮ嶯ĳȥ
˿ųһˣֻһݵɫҲǲɾı˱䡣
Ů˵Ļģ˵ս鶼ˡ
΢Ц˵
ˮǺǵЦȻס֣ǰѾǸеһ˿죬ֻεĺܺãǱˣΪ˺ϲġ
Ҳû뵽ˮô󵨣Թˮһۣûг֣ԼҲʲô֪ãҲֻǸİɡ
ԼֱСˣǸһԼˮˣǸ׷ˣ׷һж۵㣬һҲС
о̫ۣûŮԸŮˣΪǸǿ֣ҲΪʲôûŮˡ
ϲ׷󳤹ɼ㣡
ջǰȡĳŵڶϵֻ֣ҿԿһ
˿ƽ˭ҲܿѾŭˡ
ؽ㣬ȻǸǿˣʺѹغòá
ˮЦ˵Ǹˡ
ˮоزӦǺģû뵽ôǿƣãȻǿ󣬵ѾˮûһøС
ֻˮ֪ʵѾʥӵۣ»û׷󵽣֮ʧ̬Ϊˮͳߵ̫
ȣΪ֪ûкǸߵô˵²ؼؼңһͿһʱ볤ô׷ġ
㻹һ£ɣСڵĶ
¡
˵ˣҪͶϵֱۣҪֱ۾ͲҪһĳŵûˣͲϣѵΪڵ졣
ˮ˵˵ЩҪʲôǿ߸͢ˡС˵־Сο˾͸ܵӦеĳͷ
ãܺãǾ̨ϼɣ졣
˵ʧˡ
ˮҡҡͷջˮ
˵ʲô
˵
˵ǡ
ˮϽ˵
ߣ˰ɣѾˣ㻹б£ܰߵ˿ɲࡣ
̧ˮ֣֪Ǹ߻ΪԼˮΣˡ
ûᱻһס֣Ҳûô󵨣ںܸӣΪûжôķŭֻǵԼĵܵܣǱ
ˮæɿڨڨЦؽ࣬ͻû֮ģ²˵ġ
ˣƶˡ
˳ˮĶͷһ£һ˵оɣͱ˻ԼǰپӲסһᡣ
ºˣһǲŹģΪʲôôҪԼƵ·ء
ˮ˵
Ϊû·ˣܱƳǱؽҪҵ˵Ҿʤˡ
ˮ˵
ˣʲôܸҶ㡣
̾˵
ˮ˫˫峺ɣЦҺþûбˣͻȻӵһˡ
һ㶣ˮ˫峺κаͷĿ⣬Ŀ˵ƣһʱͷһ㣬²Ϊ
˵΢΢ſıסˮĲӡ
ˮʵ˵еˣҪմˣÿ˶ۣ۵ʱҵټǿˣؼңٴϸĸɻоΪԶǵĺӣû˸ĸмңӻкӡ
ˮǰĿóϤˣΪܶζ˵ϧҲ˵ʱĶ֪Լʲô뷨
ˮסúܽķ۾һûаǼ򵥵ӵȴ˵ƽ
뻳ȴָо˭еģһһζѡ
ƺҲˣѵõģӵһ𣬷·ʱ䣬֪ʲôʱ򳤹΢΢˫ۣȻʹˣΪ褺߹ڲԶĿǡ
ôˣߵôûз֡


1238 ᣬһʤ
ûôȹһ˺ƽĶȹóһʱ䣬ұʵ͵Ľ붼ûз
ʱѾû˼ȥ˼Щˣڸое˵ڵΪ֪ԼĶкøϲԼȰԼʲôȻԼ֪ģþΪ
һΪԼҲϲ᲻ΪԼϲˡ
ȻĺˮɿˮƺҲǲע⵽ˣһʱеε˵ˡ
û˵褹ŹֵĿˮĿе㸴ӣЩ⡣
߹ȴɫܲȻųɫҲѸٵı任߹֪̾˵ģֻܸ㣬
ʲôô֪ʲôأ߹ų˵ɫܸӣе
ѾͷѵҲ𣿡֪ʱ˵ʲôҲ
ֻҵ۾ʵ㲻úҽʲôΪʲô㲻ңһֱңʲôҡ
˵ʲôˮ߹ǶԳпˣ뵽ǰ˵߹飬ܿˡ
ϲ𣿡߹Цſˮ
ΪʲôҪôʣ
ʵˮҲǺƣûôţοʲôˣһӵ˵ûκιϵƾ˵Լе㲻ţʲôҲûУʱ
˹ɫǻҪ֮ˣϲ㣬ֻȢһΪޣ𣿡߹ˮ
Ѿͷˣôˡ˵ֹסˮ˵
㣬Ҿǿϲˣ֪һֱоûǸ㣬Һܿġ߹ų˵
㲻˵ѣѵ׽֮¶ס߹ȥ˵
㣬Ҵˣ߹һӱס˳֪Ϊʲôޣһ֪İ߱׵һ
ûд˵ٽںûκεĹϵҲûκεĳŵԡ߹Դ
ˮû뵽Ѫ鷢Լߣе㲻˼飬һǳ߹֮ȷʵʲôҲûУȻᡣ
㣬ԲҲ֪Ϊʲô
ɵѾͷźãҪǺһѹŲţҲѹֲ߹ᡣ
㣬ǲϲ߹С˵
ϲ
˵ܲܲҪ⡣ˮϵĻҲһ㶣Ҳֱ̫ˣô˵Ҳίһɡ
ˣҾ˵ɣˮԴҰѻ˵׺ˣϣҪиңҶõѡЦ˵
ʲô˵ģֲϲ߹е㲻˼˵ǰǶˡ
ȷЦʵ
㡭
ˮӵģҲһҲӷֿѾͷǰЩ˵Ժ˵ϲʲôˣҲ㣬һΪѹأջԼ˵
֪Բ𡣡ˮ˵
ˮҡҡͷû˵ʲô
һ׷ҵҸҲҪͱһͬӵһˡ
߹ˮҧҧ˵ƺһܴľ
ҲǣҲЦ˵
ˮû뵽תҲã鷳һˣá
㣬أ߹Ŀų
Ҳֻ߹ʳɣҲֻȨ
Ҳˡҡҡͷ˵ܿ϶
شˮܳԾҲ΢Ծ߹ȴû̫ԾǺǺЦ㻹ش𣬲ڲţҲԺԻˡ
ûзҲûгϣʵҲе㶯ҡָоʱһУʱҲԸıһУƺǰܿ϶ĶȴҪҡˡ
ˣû¾ͺˣԺʲô¶Ҫ˵ĽƺҲ⿪ˡ

ʲôˮʥս飿
褺߹ǲ˼Ŀˮ
ҪһΣһ񲻸á
ˮɵ˵
ʥӡ
˵Ӱһǿˣѹ÷ʧһá
ʥΣҪԷŵҲҪΪһĬĬ˾͵ģʨӲȫС﷭ǲĿġ
ˮЦſŮ
վǾһߺȲ
ʥӵ̫ˣа𣿡
褻ǵǵ˵
ֻҪǵˣʲôʵѧҲã˵ҲգǵˣԸ˲Ҫ򵹣ȻҲѻʯֻɵӲŻѻʯװ
ˮЦ˵
ˮ˼аˡ
褾ϲ˵
ûУ
ˮܸɴ˵
һƣĿˮ
ˮЦЦӦԱɣ
𣿡
Ӧܰɣ
褲ˣԽԽоģһʱҲе䡣
׽㣬ˣģҲǸçײˡ

ǶˣˮһҲɲ٣ԸȥʥսҲԸϵ飬ôʥս
ˮɾûҪǹǿðգֻȹʵ
ʱоâһ
һ
ôˡ
ˮϲݣһܵһ߾磬ôʤ͸һЩ
ˮֱȥɾϿգˮǰһĸоȻʼȻͽ֮У໥ͨ
һͼľ磬ֻں϶Էһʵ˵ﵽ˸߼ͿԸĬ;磬һһڶˮڴҪһһڶЧһһڶҪ໥ںһЩͿԡ

˲
ͻ

ˮڽŽĹýĹ󻯣ǰˮһľȻߣҲܲˣҲǺҽҲԽԽ죬Ͼڱǰ˵ˮʶΪȶǲͬն
ˮƺʱ䣬˳Ե㶫Ϣᣬ֪Ѿ˳ɾʱˡ
ˮԼͽһЧ룬Ϊ֪ԼһڵΣֻһ״̬ýĹǿﵽһǧһơ
֮ǰĹǧƳͷý󷢻ӵʵӼʮƣȻ˵һңϧǸߵľ磬ˮڵһûдﵽ־磬ڵһֻ󣬻ǽ󹥻ǿˮֻĹ
һ죬ϣеͻưɣʤ㻹ٴһ㡣
ˮ̾˵ɾ
ǹҪһʱ䣬ڣΪ̫ðˣҪڵʵȹȫߺüȻͷǸġ


1239 ̨սʥ
ˮǸǹǿģϾǸʥһԼ֣˵ǸʥӵʵҲ൱Ŀ¡
ڵⲻˮڴһֱ״̬Ÿո˺ܶʵһʱڶʱ޷ôǿʵϾһʱ仹̡̫
ҲԭˮŰĿŵһľ磬Ͻ󣬵ˮԽϤӹɵģϿʶͨȷе˵ˮ
һɾʱ䣬˼ʮƵʵǺɣѾ̫ûʹһˣһ죬֪ܲһ㣬һˮ˵Ƕһʤ㡣

ڶѧˮսʥӵս飬صʲôĶѾΪѧص㣬ѧʦߡϣһЩ߲㶼֪ˡ
ʥѧˣ˵ȫ֪ϾʥӱʥͽһЩ̫ϳϡҲҪʥӲӣΪѧĳҡ
궼һıһſµ֧֣ˮҪأսˣҲǰҪӮҲҪһЩͻ
ʥĸû뵽ҲѹŮһأò³ҲܴܵӰ죬Ҳϴʧ̬ԭ
ж׷󳤹Ҳ£ȻͳӴ֪࣬ϲŮ˲ôױµģǾųһ˶ϲŮҲġ
ȴû뵽֪ĳСӣȻǣ֣·һϣѾŮΪĽᣬñȾָһֳˮĲ̫̫ңҪģԲŴæ뿪ġ
ۣˮĲ֪ߵغ񣬱Ͼʥôиѹһ޴ʯͷεľͱʥһ콣һ콣ʢ
֣˵һսûпͷ
һƫƧׯԺУ壬һŻɫӣŽͼڣ˵Ϳ΢ϣģϣһ߷緶ϵϢرĲɣ
һһۣŵͼȴʨԿһ㣬һͷŨܵʨӵëһɢһֳƵѹ
˵ɫʨ۵ˡ
˽ǸսС𣿡
ɫͷҲ̧ķһ˵
ɫʨ˿̻˵˸յѧûжãŮѾͷߵĺ֮ܽŮΪҲһ
㵹ϢͨӦдˡ
ɫЦ̧ͷ
ɵû˻ԼЦ˲ɵӣֻǸС̫ˣҪܺСǾ̫˼ˡ
ɫʨ΢΢ü˵
ǾͿɣ˭˭ӮҪִҲ˽ѧ֧
ɫߺǺǵЦ
֣Сô
ɫʨޱȾȵĿŽɫˡ
ϵܣʱ䣬۲¡
ҵʵ
ʵ
ǿСˣСܳŴ֣ôҵĶʢҲˡ

ѧ̨
ѧĶ̨ҲѧܳһطΪֻشսŻһ˵սǲġ
ˮսʥӵӣص̨
̨ΧΪܶ˶ûˣǳȽȽ𣬾ȶʼʱ仹һ㡣
˵ǸˮҲ
Ӧûɣ
Ҳ֪żغϣ֪ʥӻ᲻ɱ
̨ϲɱɣ͢˻ҪˮΡ
֪֪˺ߵúܽ
еĿˣʥ׷Һܶ˶֪֪ǸŮ˻Ϊ˭ͷ

ܿˣʱҲԼȶʱ䣬ûһһ˳ԶŶ̨̤նУɡ
ʥӣ
ʥˣ
ÿ

ʥӻ䵽̨ϣվһ
ʥӣ
ʥӣ

ܶ˶һĺʥӣЩ˶ʥӰˣһʾʥǿһһǿˣƽʱܼһ档
Ǹˮôļӣǲ˰ɣ
ǣû˼ˡ
ǰĻʥӻȨȥɱģҲȨɱ
һһţʱһĹȥٹһˮ־Ȩˡʱˮˡ
Ӱܿ죬Ǹһ㣬˷ʱ򣬼գ۵ʱѾ˶̨ϡ
ˮɷԼûһɷǰģʱһƫƧʶ˺٣ھ褡߹
յãҲͱˮһСᣬٴһۡ
ˮվڶ̨ϣʥӣǷƵɫǺֵǿϢһѹ粨һϵˮ
һ߳䵱֤ˣѾڶ̨˹˵Ѿǿʼˡ
սҵģ֮⣬ٶĵΣ
ʥӿˮЦ
ԣ
ˮ⣬뵽ˡ
ɣӮˣҪκҵܵܣԶҪȥŮ
ʥӿˮ
ĻһȻ
ʥӻǸֳ
ֻǸֳһרһˡ
ҪΪ͢ƣʥӦս

κܵܵȻԣΪ뿪ŮôŮ˲ǿȥģ˵ҺŮѣ㲻Ե𡣡
ˮڿͷϳԿ
̨ھȻ˵Լʱֻš
ãǾģʼɣ
ʥƽ˵
һ£ѵոĶôˣҪʲôѵ˲ôӦһ𡣡
ˮЦ˵
䣿һ䣿
ʥӳԾĿˮ
ˮ֪ǹģЦ˵˵̫ˡ
ֻǼ򵥵ļ֣ʥǸƣֻ˵˵ɣ㿪
ܼ򵥣ԺΪǵĽвҪΪԼĺܰ׾ͰŮˣⲻҪŮ֣֪֪оܶģҸ㣬ܲϲ㡣
ˮ΢Ц˵
⼸仰ʥӵĴҲģ˵ţҲеţΪۿСŮ֣ŮǽѪԵϵʲôģǾ˵һˡ
ŮǸƣС̫ɶˣԼʲôʱ˵Ȼ˵һЩģԼû˵ô֪Լһ뷨
ʥǿĶһ£΢΢Ĳһ£Ц˵ʤңȻԴӦ㡣
Сӣɣ
ʥܱȵģѿֻ֮ܺøȡ
ǣһῴôģΪԼʲôʥӽӦսʩ㣬ȻսʥӵʸûС
ʥӣ֧㣡
ʥӣ

ʥӰʱʼ̨ϵˮˮ


1240 ֧ˮˣԵٶ
ˮ¿ˮʥӰûκθоϣü̱ķʥȻϣеСҪԡ
ҲˮΪʲôϳȻҲʥûкøУûпôģϾˮŮˣҪŮȥʥƴˣȵڡ
뵽ͲɵĸоҲеãûˣÿ˶Լ㣬ν֪֪ܰսʤץסԷ׾ٵĸԷɱһ
֧㣬
ͻȻֵڳ˸⽹˶ǾȵĿɷɷǾʲôҲûзһٴκһǰ治֪ɷ֧˭ģһܶ˿ˮá
ˮ֧㣬֧㣡
ʱҲ
ϵܣϸҲ֧㣬
콣

֧ˮҲǺ֧ܶ࣬ˮѾ˸оޱˣҲ˵ˮܽһΪ̨ϵ˺̶ܴеս
콣һ˴۾콣Ǿŵ˺ܶ˶֪ⳡȶġ
콣ӦˮҪվһߣһԣǾ仰Ҫܴġ
ʲôʱһˣ
ǰȻźʥӰһֱİѵųѾõǸŮ
Ǿŵģû˵Ҫ֧˭
ǰôأ

ˮűϲûб仯ʥӣ֪ʥӵıѾе㶯ҡΪ֧ԼоǾš
Ȼǿ󣬵ûʥӸоѹѹ֧ˮȻûսսʤˣҲоԼˡ
ƣûôƣߺܶûôƣˣվһθоеС󡭡
ʼɣ
ˮʥ˵
ţְɣȳ֣᲻ࡣ
ʥ˫Ŀˮһȼգһ̫һ
ǺãҲͲˡ
ˮ˵𱱶ǽֱʹ˻
ˮг
ǿĽڿܶ˶һȣ˭ܿĲɢѹѾúܶ˸еֻš
ʥӵɫ΢΢šˮ֪һѾԼˣԼ˵Ҫǿ٣Ҳҵġ
Źλ
ˮӰˮеһʥӳȥ
̽
ˮѸ͵һûκλڵʥӴȥӰ·ֱӳʥӵһ࣬Ǹλһλãǡ
ʥӵӰһΣƮݵһһٵĶˮĹ
Ĳһ죬쵽һ̶Ⱦľˡ
ˮ;Źλ棬һҲΪ̽ʥӵǳ
û뵽Էȴɶ
ˮҲأֱӽٶ£еĽַ̫
ʥоٴζ㿪Ȼ󿪿˵ҪСˣ
ƽ͵𣬽Ų˷ֻ̽ƺܳȴǹޱȣԵһ쵽ˮĽ⣬ָһ
Ͻն
ˮȻʩչ£ˮĴ羢ʱڱµ

һ
ˮӰȴǱˣǰһǿ˳Žֱӽˮľˮľ㹻ǿһֱӻݻپ
ʵǿȻ
ˮǳʶˣһˮȻ֪ʥӵȷеȴǱǿܶ࣬Ҳֻ̽Էûʹȫ
ɽ
ˮƾɽʥӳȥȫ˹ȥ
ֶεĻûʸս
ʥҡҡͷֻΪȭֱھɽϡ
أ
ɽֱӱҵĵɻˮʶƣļ½ɽ̶
࣬ǲ࣬ˮ֪ϾڹҲͲƵʵɽٶƣЩԸʥӻǲ
Ȼǣ֪ʲôֶΡ
ˮЦ˵
ֻȻܲϧҵĶ֣Ļɻ䡣
ʥóһսꪣɫɢǿҵɱ⡣
ˮ֪սǲǴ˵ӦҲˡ
ˮܽţʥӺǿûеûһսĵز
շħ
֮
ˮԥϽվʩչѾκεġ

ս
һˮҲһ㶣Ȼƶʵôʥӱǧͷʵڻвһǧµʵ
ǿѧˮ֪ʥӵʵѧʲôΣ㲻ѧߵһأǿĻжˣ
ˮʱվ˽棬ʱһʵԴﵽһǧһƶһ㣬ʹŽİʵĲࡣ
Ȼ˰Ե
ʥӿˮ֮𾪵˵
һ˵ʵǧһƽǿһǧƣǾ޴ģƵ飬ԼʵУǱԵ޹ʵָоѪˡ
аɣ
ˮһһ½ֱӳ˹ȥ
һ
̤
ԡ
޴ıжըˣǻҰĢһ˺ôһƬգݵԪ֣ʱƿոӼѡ
еķţһض𶯡˺ѡ
ʥɫڱһ£Ѿһʵһɫףе׳սͻȻһ͵ġŽ
ɽ
ˮڲýĺʥӽӴ
أ
ˮѺͽ㿪ˮʱԾɽĿƣ۶ĹɽֻҪˮƼ޾һͻͣ
ޣ
˰
ˮֻԷԴ飬ˮľ廹Ҫǿ١
ǵŹ֣вԷżһαɺͶԷĲɺܴ
İɣȺİɣ
ˮŽ󣬲ʱ˲ͻ
һ£ȻǱԷˣǿȻԳˮϲģֻҪܳסĹôˮа취
ˮóһЩֱŽȥȻֱʥӶ
зۣ
Ҳʵ̫󣬷ûЧ߶Էϻкöûгɹ
ӡ
ң
ˮŲæֱһ̧޴̨ڿУʥҵһ㶣Ҳһ㶣ʱ̵ļš
ǰʵٶһսٶȣӡҲǣһѾԵĿЧˡ
ˮóٶȺͲĽ˲˵ˣͽʶͨһŹλʹá
С޵ٶȺˣ似ܶ඼Ǵѧģˮݹ
󲽣һޱȣˮͽһ״̬£ȻٶϾȻռһơ
ٶȾ书Ψ첻ƣھԵٶǰһжֽϻҪԵٶ̸ףٶռһƣˮѾо粦Ƽˡ


1241 һǹϻ꣬Ǹ£ɫʨ
ˮͽٶռƣˮܿģΪٶȵĻͿԽɹ˿أ˵ռʹ˺ܶࡣ
ʵսˣˮ߼ת۷塣
һ
壡
ˮͽ󲻶ϵĳɱʥǹɹŹֵˮľУܿͻᱻ⡣
һ
һɫĹˮΧһж帺Ȼֵܵɱ˵ˣʹһˮо˺ܶࡣ
ս
֮ǰʥͬ׹˻֮ĸȻûˣˮֻٴýϡ
շħ
ûЩˮоԼƺܿͻܣ
ʥӲŲæȴԽԽľоԷֻ֮ҲԽԽĬ·һһ
Ѿ˶ԲߣŲæĵֵŶԷĹɣڻǿġ
ˮһκͽʹͻʱʥҲ˹ȥ
ʥˮϤİ׹ٴһٶȺʵȻһأеľ޴ս貵İ׹⡣
սһ
ˮͷһǾ޴սѾǽʹý˲ûãΪѾʥʶ
壡
ˮеıǽȻ֮ˣ
ء
ıˮŽ󵹷ɳȥʥôôõĻᣬӰһٴɱ˹ȥ
Ǹ£
ˮһ׼õ꺮ֱֶ

ˮֻסͬʱýʹշħͽս˻֮ԵĽսͽշħҲֻܳյʱЧ֮ͻᱻԷʲôĽ
ƽϢĵĲǰ嵲ŵĻڶѾˣˮԽҲоԷûеô£֪Լŵǽûнֻܵķݡ
ޣ
ŶԷʱԱԼסĿ϶ˮгޡ
׻
ˮͽ忹ǿĴڣˮ͸û˵ˣ޳лˡ
޹κʥɫһ䣬ܿˮҪ޳ȥֻ֪ޣȻҪֻˡ
ʶǿȻ޶ɵ˺Ϊ㣬ʶоֻ޵Ŀ֮ˮܡ
ˮôԸ˲סʥӣӡٴ˶ԷϣǱеģ㲻ġ
ɽ
أ
ʧ
Ѫ٣
ˮһߺͽ󲻶ϵĹһ߲ϵĸʥ鷳ҲΪ˸ȡʱ䡣
ʥѻСǿܶ࣬ȴǱסѲǰһΣˮҲǣÿһͻʹýսͽշħʵά̶ȡ
̤
̤ʥӺܹ˼ɵģоⷶΧΣգһ㾡㿪м伸ûж㿪崫һ㽩Ӳ󾪡
ʥһαסֱӺˣȻ֣߳һֻ޴ޡ
ޣ
ͨʨһ㣬Сһ׻Ҫһ㣬ҪС٣һ޳ȥ
ˮгԼ˲䣬ɵľͺͽʩչ
շħ
֮
⻹㣬ˮ˲ó˾ҵҡ
һжǷһ˲䣬ˮԸֻܵޱ΢磬ڰ˰ƣҲ֣Ҫ߹١
һټϾĿţֱ޵սۿۡ
ͷ룡
ˮɵгͷ룬ͷϻиСӰޡ
ĺͻյˮţվܷϵԷޡ
źףڿ幥϶Ǻǿ󣬴˵ϡѪ
ͷĺͻյ´ﵽͷʵ׿ճԡ͡Դﵽ֮࣬һʱ޾ͱͷסˡ
ܿ죬һ㵭ıɫ壬ˮһľǸʴһˡ
һж޵Ŀǣ
Ȼ޿ͷ룬ͷҲһޣҲ໥ģֻмĽɫԴһ貵Ľ⣬ͷҲֵĽɫ
˿ƣ
һŴ
ɲͣʥӷ׻
ͷˮҲǴһȻܲסޣͷ̻ǺǿģȻޱ˺ܶ࣬ˮоҪסҪ޺ͷһС
޵ĹҪֻҲ൱Ŀ£ͷԴˮϵԴǿĹ϶ܣҲȫסޡ
ɣȻɱ㡣
ˮ˵
ˮĻȻ󣬵Χ˶
ģôʥӾȻ򲻹Сӣ
˲ŵĺ
СӲǶ֣޳
޳Ҳı£޳𣿡
ôҲû뵽ʥǲսʤģʥһɱﵡ

Ѿɶƣ
ͬҲţϲɫȴǷ˾ˣС˾Ȼǿܺ⣬ƺڻռϷ硣
褺߹ҲǾȣһʼĽŵľȺ;ϲǶ᲻ʱĿΪǸоܱһˣ˵ûκιϵر߹ݵܺһӵҵҾ磬ѾԶԽ
ΪӮң
ʥӿˮһֱƽš
Ǿԣ
ˮ˵ʹ׻
һǹϻ꣬
һѩ׵ǹӰ˵սӰһˮȥ
ʱҲʹ׻
Ǹ£
׻
ˮԽԽǹӰԼܶһֹŹֵסԼһǲǾסһܹŹ֣ѩ׵ǹӰɢľ
ʥʯָ
ˣˮӰǹӰȴӰΣûΪ㿪ı䣬붼ûһı䡣
׷갡
ˮ岻ܶΨܶ
ʥӿˮȻܶȻܾȣԼսģһɱʵǱɱǰ̫дˣ֪͸ʹá
׻
ˮΪ˱գٴʹ׻ȻԼܵвôҲ
ʥҲǿֻţҲܶ꺮Ѿ۾ȥġ
û뵽ֻ޻ɱﵡ
̨µ˶ˣѵҪͬھ
Ҫ

ʥӣ

һвתʱˮʥӵӰˣȻǳ΢죬ΧΪΣһаˡ
ˮʥӶڹŹһ⣬ʱгһɫʨˣû˵ѾˬĴЦ
úãţѧˣΪʲôҪսأҾϣʲôԹ˵ô⡣
ӣ·ֱ˶һ
ǲܸ
ǰ˵ǿ󣡡
ϻǰ̨ϵôµĹֱ⣬ܲǿ𣿡

ܸ
ˮܸ
Ȼˮ֪˭ԸʥӼ
úãǾ֮飬Ƕ⡣
ƺرĿġ


1242 ʶ½֮
˵Ļˮֻ֪ܰˣˮﻹǺܾϲģΪƽʵѾʤˣΪսʥӡ
һսˮʵȹ̣ܶ࣬ǰĺͶԷͬھĻǾ̫ˣɲöͿԽʥ˦˦ĺԶԶ
˲֣ˮϻǺܿĵģرĿģȴ䣬ûսʱѾоˣսĽû뵽ѾܵһͿˡ
С˵ɣʲô
΢ЦŸ˵
ҵܱܵ˽ƣڻʧҵܵϵĽơ
䣬˵ЩѾЩ
Ŷ
Ӧһˮ
֪ˮСܵʲôޡ
΢Цˮ˵
ƷУиֳڣҲû
ˮ˵
Ǿ˵ûʲôˡ
ϵЦŨ֡
ǵģ
æ˵
ˮһֻ˵ǣ
ˮû뵽쵹תĿ죬ʲôҲԼܵܽ⿪ơ
νԩ˽ⲻ˽ᣬҶѧģɣǽƽ֣ˮʵȻСĵܵܽ⿪ƣô
˿˵
ãʵҲӦõģǸС͢һѵ
ںϷ΢һ㡣
ˮûأ
˿ˮ
ûУ
ˮҪģҲĸԸĸΣǰҲǾԼһ
ãˮ˵ɣ
æ˵
ܼ򵥣ǰȶʼǸ
ˮ΢Ц˵
һ㶣ɫѿǸˣҧͷҴӦ㣬ϣֵܽ⿪ơ
һģ
ˮЦ˵

ˮ˭̫ǿˣ
һǵһο˭ôĲʥӷġ
ǣһЩ̫ϳ϶ǶʥӺܿһǳ׵ı˴ˣԺʥӰ˲֪ǰôǿơ
ƾҪˣǣӦ

۷׷ף̨ϸ͢Ҳȥˣˮְ⿪ƣ˵ǲеģ׵Ҳܰһӣһ۱˲Ҫûӵ
͢Ѿ絶춼ΪԼ澡ʧеظҲʧˣһ¶ʥӰ˵һСĴӦûкܶ룬Ҳᵼºܶ˸ıʥӰ뷨
ʵҲٵżʥӰΪ˭óˮǱ޴󣬽ĳɾ;ԻᳬʥӣʥӺˮ֮ľԲʧʱƶȥ׽ˮԼ
ȻѾˣϣѺûǶѧĶʧҲûʲôվͺãûвʧܵˣһǵˣԼҸֺôǾ޴ģҪ⿴̫򵥡
һ˫ص˵š
ĸ˵Ļ۾һ˫ȭԾҪˮƽΪˮǸĬĬŵˣˮǾŵĳҲ˵
һʼûаˮһȷλϣ뵽Щʧܲǻ£˵ģԼҸ֡
뿪ˣˮķȥֵҲ뿪ʣµһƬңܶ˵ֻۣЩˮûȥˡ

ɷĵǰסˮ
ˮп˵ĺͻϲԴȻ褡߹뿪ȥѾǴˡ
ɷҲȥˣ
һŮǶˮͿһգգĿ·Ҫˮһˮֻ̯̯֣˵ʲô˵ɣɣŮåһ
åʲôʱôǿˣѱ𣿡
Ҳ֪ʲôʱôǿˣҲѱʦ
ˮǻش⻹ش
׳ǵʱ褿֪ˮʵֻܵͣҪǸԴļǲŶãʵȻѾôˡ
һ᳤ˣˮЦ㻹ܸ⣬ǻǺܸġ
һΪ㲻Ը⿴ء
ˮųЦ
Ϲ˵ʲôأֵÿģףһ£ˮ
΢Ц˵
޳ɣ
ЦŸ͡
Ҳ޳ɣ
߹˵
ңǡ
ɷЦЦݺǳ褵˶һϡΪɷЦݻǺϡٵġ
ˮҲ⣬ЩԵĶǺеģʵڴ½³Ĳ࣬رߣǿ³һܵݵ飬ˮϾͬӵ˶ʲôοǰĴ϶ˡ
һˮĶɾĶ㡢ڹꡢзʲôģҩģաɫζҲʳָ󶯡
ˮҲǺϲԼһϾһβ㶪˵ͷ򵽺ܶණ벻׵鶼ͻȻ뿪ͷĻɲǺܶ࣬ûԸȥԣΪֹͷ˲ࡣ
˵ʱǶˣһӣʾӶ࣬ȻһЩزˡ
ˮŪôĲҲûʣˮǵĴľϲ̫ˣľˣ˵ֻ볢˵Ĳȡ
ôã˭Ҫ޸һ᳤ɴӵġ
߹֪ǹ⻹˵
ˮü̳ƣгԵôûоƣûˣͬһ߹˵˾ҪԲˣ˵Ϳʼԡ
óԣ

ףΪ
ȵĿˮ
ȻʵʲôֻҪҵʵʱΪԶ˵ҪˣʳΪ죬Ա˲Ժ˲ܽ˵еɹҩɶǳԵԳԷΪʲôþȵġ
ˮ¾ƱЦ
˵ô˵̫ˣҼĵһҲһˡ
Сڵĺ
ˣˮսƽ֣ѧ߲һģʱӦûƸ㣬Ҳǳϣǻ
Եһʱˮ˵
ŶǵҲ
ˮԼţҲǱóˣ֪񣬽ҲҪ
ˮɣȻ󣬵ΪʥͽԺҲѧΪġ
Ƭ˵
ǳڶ˵ˣˮųһģȴû˼Ц˵ҵ˼ѧ
Ŀˮ
̫һȥҵӣһбҪԲôһһֱˣϣŬѧĳ֮λȻҪһЩʱ䡣
ң
ЦЦҡҡͷ
ǲңǲԼ
ˮЦ˵
Ȼ츳Ҫ뾺ѧ֮λϣƮ죬ȷʵͬ
΢Цſˮ
ֻҪܣ֪ûʶ½֮ģ
ˮų֪Ů˺ǿơԼҲ˵


1243 Ժ̸
ˮЦˣлл⣬ͷҲҪܶԺˣʱкܶı䣬Եɡ
ˮûж˵ЦЦǾģһᾡʵҶЩҩܰﵽ㣬ʱҲǸʵֻϲϲ⡣
ţһǺʥӰˣֵһ뷨ԸģȻͽˣԻб鷢ҪСġ
ѧ֪ҵΪˣǸֵ֣ܰǱĸҲס֡
ѧҲ壬ϻᡢ̫ϳϻᡢУŸҵˣϣڽΪѧĳңǸʱ򽫻ҸӻԻͣͻȻֵĶǻ᲻ϧһд۳
ʵֻǸһͷʵͬҲ뷨ѧһ⣬˭ҲõҲˮ͸¶һЩ
ţû£ǲãҺ֪ܿҪصĴۡ
ˮһûն͢Ǹܸӣ˵ò
ȻŹ˸͢´λŹɫʨ˵ĵⲢ޵ģʱͽˣο˼Ҳ֪֮ǾϵԲܺƽ
һɣرǴɣҶҪѪϴ񣬾пľɱ¾ȥģƽĵȥǲܣѡ˷㣬ߴ˷㡢η㡣
һѡʵҪǿܶܶ࣬ñǰսûУ̸ףֲһսɱ¾ǵʵҲȥ
Դ½κɶǻõӳȥսսǺܹؼģ֮ͬıȶҲǻõŵĹ׼ɱˡ
ܿʵȻ㿴ҲͲǿˡ
΢ЦŷеԿס
ˮʵǰܶοԷԲ˵ӺţҺȻˮоһܣм䳤̧ͷˮüΣˮɫȻ峺˫ֻһ˿޵ûаͷûУҲˡ
ϾǷ۵ӣջĴߣ俴ķ۵࣬ˮǻ뵽һЩƼ棬ɫȴû¶

չˮɷյԼͥԺѾվһˣǸɫʨˣǰˮѾ˵ѧĸ߲Լû뵽ôĿ죬һˡ
ûдŵɣ
˿ˮĵЦ
Һеģǰңֱ֪ͨһͿˡ
ˮЦŻش֪˵ǿȻжǿ֪ѧϵġ
һȥԺɣġ
ɫʨ˿żɽ˵
ãѾͷȥһҾͻˡ
ţ
ɷͷֱӻׯ԰ˡ
Сɷذ
ɷ뿪˵
ţںöˣٲʧˡ
ţûмѧɣ֪û򡣡
ˮ֪ԼһЩѧѾĺˣҲ֣˵ҲҿôģǲԸ⣬ԸܹŹֵġ
˵Ż˵һֻ޺Ժȥ
ԺλǿģԺΧĸߴΧǾŹ󣬴濴ȥʲôҲûУǴȴǿĿһС
ˮ֮˰ɣ
Ǵġ
ʲôܣҲ֪
ݣ˵ܾǰƽģҲǽһģû뵽ڱɽʹЩطǼذ
˿Χ΢΢ҡͷп˵
ǰ֪һЩԶŴ֮⻹ûбİ취ݺݡ
ˮһֱͼžۣȻһһҪʮʱ䡣
˵УΪ鼶ߣд˵еسߣݡݺͺݾ˵һЩİ취ȴ֪
˿ˮˮģ֡
ˣǰ֪û弶ɣ
Щ취ˮʱֻˣһЩġ
УȻУҪΪţݺݳΪݣţݺ̫Զ̫Զˣݺţ֮Ĳ໹Ҫ󡣡
̾һ˵顣
ˮȻӦûǿҲȻǾԵģڵõ׼ȷ𰸲֪˷ܻƣݾĴڣ֪ǲµĴء
ǰ弶ʦ۷ʵʲôʵ
ˮץסҪʡ
Ѿ̫׼ȷˣǧƣҲǧ
ŶһҲһ弶ʦʼ۷ǧͬһʵԽԽǿˡ
ˮЦ˵
ԽԽʵʱֻ˵ǼʦҲֻһͳĸˣǸܶԷʵΪЩöǰµģܶطѾ̫һˡ
˵ŻѾԺŹʱˮԼʹþŹĻĴ
ǲǸо󷨺ܼ򵥡
һºׯϵ
ˮ̧ͷԶһŽɫ۵վ˾ƾճһˮҲоϵκһϢ
òϣϣһ֮ѧĸңҲǿģȴƿѧʵǿһ㶼ѧ飬ش顣
ǵûУǸоеϤ
ˮæ˵
þûкˣˣûжһˡ
кˮɫʨ¡
ѧĸ㲻Ҫ룬Ҷûκζ⣬ǿѧһ⣬㶥ѧĸ֡
˼ңҲǺ˼
ˮϺܶܣߵ˶֪οˣҲͱ˷һСľͻɱ֮
ԺߵϣܴѧĻѧ
˿ˮ˵
СӺεºܣѧǿ̫ˣҲǿĺܶࡣ
ˮЦҡҡͷ˵
ϲĴۣ֪ܣҲ㣬ʵûаѧĶôߴо뷨гһջḩѧ
г˵
ˮ֪ЩϳɾˣǰЩרǿˣε˵СӲҡ
ˣҲǿҲộѧÿ˶ɣǲҲûйϵǾпܵ΢ѧҲΪѧĳ÷չȻҲװģʲôҲҲ㷽㡣
˻ɣ˵ҲرĺͰ
ҴӦһһֱѧĵӣȻҲˡ
ˮоʺҲûбҪоԼܿͻѧ֪ԼǮֻҪԼ˾㹻ˣ˳ɾ˵Ҳ֪ˮ뷨
ðСˣģǻİǽѧҲкܴϣ
˿ĵЦ
ǾͶлˡ
ˮ֪˵ʵǿͷ֧ƱʵģҪԼģġ


1244 ߿令ţݵʵ
ҪѾˣ令֪Σ
ɫ΢Ц˵
令
ˮ֪Ҳ֪ʥͽǵһ˵令
令ʵǻֻǲܱԼҲܲ㣬Ȼ㲻ѧѧѵʱֻҪǺΪѣ令ѧ
˿ˮ΢Ц˵
νɣΪԽǿԽᱻԿ¶Ǹ㹻ɣǿӲһɵصʱ򷴶ɢԼҪУƶȵȻҪؼġ
ҴӦѾѧĵˣҪˣ𣿡
ˮЦſˡ
ؼȥܸоĺܸߣҸֵܾһһգǸʱϣչѧˡ
ˮ֪ԼҲоԼУô־ϻˣ˵ԼӦûǲˣȴܸԼôš
Ϸģôһһģһѧţݵĸ֡
ˮᶨ˵
ãҪģѧκη㣬ʲôҪĻҪʲôǾܵ㡣
ɫ˿ˮ档
ã˼ңţʵʲôʲôʵ
ˮо֮Ҫȥţݵν֪֪˰սʤ˵Ҳܺ档
ţʵڰǧ׼׼Ҳ
ɫЦ˵
ˮ΢΢üԼ֪ʵ㲻رĸߣӦǺܸ˰ɣϾԼȶʵַǸϾʵֻżһΡ
ǲǸоرĿֲʵǧǸˮ룬ǧǸˮ룬ǧҲһˮ룬ﵽǧͻһƿͻƵƿ졣
Цſˮ
ˮое㲻˼ϾԼʵоǧʵе٣ҲˣʵԽȻĺܶ࣬һ㣬ʵԽԽ
ԭˣһ;ʵѰ
ˮпһ
㻹ᣬʱ䵽ˣʵȻߡ

ˮԺ˰뿪ˣׯԺٴλˣһλ˳ĲԶˮ֪ǲǹģ˵Ӧòסġ
˸һԿףһرӦ˵һ䣬ˮܾģҲˣǸı꣬ѧõһرҲһЩ
ˮûмȥر󣬶ȥׯԺɷׯԺңҲûʲôҪᡣ
ˮɷȥʱ֪ׯԺͳׯԺģΧׯԺûסˣȴǰܶ඼͸
ˮɷׯԺûжãˣˮĿܹŹ֣ˮе㲻˼Ǹ͸ҵģҲ֪ô
˵ˮԼоţοǳˣǳϲΣһĳϲҪߣʦйϵҪʦ˵Χסˣرˣھλסһˡ
ʲôҲų
ˮе޴ӺЦ
ⲻ㲻ϲ𡣡
ˮĻҲ
Ŷôң
Ǿȵ˵ƺе
ǵûУ㲻ˣϾԺҲھˣҪﻥ
΢ЦſˮһգգһˮԼ˵ȥˣֻڨЦͣ
ԭֻھӰ
ؽ㣬ǿЦģҪҺѾͷᵽס
룬ˣ߰ɣƶˡ
Ҳ֪ˮǿЦģоҲܿģڵǰҲ벻ġ
ʦҲ˵ˣʦϲǵʦ˵һ䣬⣬ֻиģζ
һׯԺͳĲ࣬ʵ֪Χһ֮⣬ĶˮˣǰˮסҪ˲٣СûٴʲôҪԺеʩɫԼ˺ܶࡣ
褺߹ˣˮΧׯԺֱӸˣ֪ԺޱȣΪٶҪϺܶ࣬ҪȻǳϼ𣬵ȴǱ󲿷ֳʹõҪϺܶࡣ
̫ˣԺ䷹ˣȻǰôԶȥ䷹ÿںöˡ
߹ȷĺĵ˵
Цû˵ʲôпˮҲرľˮЩӵı仯

ʱˮǰصԿһɽȥѧĲرкܶദÿһкܶ䣬һרŵ˿ء
ɽ
ˮ˸˵ĵַȥһɽԵúҵĵطӸߴֻܿһӴɽɽֱȫסһ㣬ˮд
ҺܶڣɽʯܼӲҰ޹⣬оԵرʪһЩ̦޺֮ģʱһЩС͵Ұޡ಻ʱıˮŵܡ
ϢˮѾܾû˴ﾭˣǶôƣҲɽеЩ̦޺ãе㵭£Ȼǲܺȵġ
ˮٵдţӿǰǱҵȷеλãֻдܶ඼Ǵɽм䴩еǵصף󲿷ֶܿ˹ۼ
صף
֪ʲôʱʼˮоԼڵصһ￪ʼΪΧʯͷڲŷһʯҲ֪λǵصס
ͻȻǰһˮǰһԿĵطȻŵΣһһĵطǸоУŵĹ£ǳһͨס
ǽһЩʯһĴڣʱͻȻλߣЩ߲ľ˸оеɭ
ƣ
һ
ˮóɫ˸ƣ滹иƺš
ȥƺһңĲҪȻСɲҪֱˡ
˵ǰЩһʧˣʱһϢ
ˮҡҡͷһǺǿӦػѧصһɡ
óǰһ߳صԿײǸף˺ܶ󷨣һǿлٻͻᷢ󷨣˵ҵĴҲһرֵĽƳɣ̵Ŀ£ϧʺ϶ʲôġ
һţٻˣҲͻˡ
ˮֿٵšһǸӣˮٶš˲°ٶ£ֻһصҵĴſˣŵĺʮ֮࡭
ʵˮһֱڻѧܸȤϧһֱûĽӴʯſˣӳһ̨ȥһЩҹĶԲڡ


1245 أʯҩ䣬ҩ֮
ˮʯȥʯ׿ųֻʷǰ̽·һ򣬾һʲôҲи׼
ʯײܿ͵˵ײˮҲǺڴģϾѧ͸ԼĲر󣬲֪ʲôӦòɡ
ˮһţһΨһһܴȥʷ䴫ϢвûΣգߵˮԼڴʲô
뵽ˮһ㶣ΪɾĺܶණɾһʱȻֶıû̫ڴĿǰûڴ˵еĻǾϣǹǿ
ǿŵģˮһ۾ͿĺܶණȫһЩӣ¶ĶûУȻر󳤿ʮ״СŵĶȴǲࡣ
ⷴˮģΪЩʱľ飬˺ܶ඼㲻ϺöֻеǲĶ
ˮһӣһʯɵģӶʯĸоĶԲܴʯװĶһҩ֮ľӶࡣ
ˮ򿪣ֻһ㣬涼и뵰СԲӣһľӨ͸ĵҩɢǿ
ˮóһӸϣҩСĴָǻҪһ㣬ɫƣӫת˸оɵҩһ
ͨ
һ
ЧһһһʵǱ壬ȫģÿһֻʳʮţÿʹһһ
ʹһͶͻʹһͬʱͬʱʹö
ţж
ˮһ㶣оһеСߣͬʱͶһʹãǻǲģֻǲ֪ûж
ʹһʦԼһʦϵʵ
ˮ뵽ЩҴӵΪʲôǿ󣬼ĴоͺǿˣټһЩǿĵҩ벻ǿѣһһһʦʹһţֱӳΪʦ
ȻǿҩľԶǺǿʵҹҲֻһЩŲʹá
ļҲûһбĵҩһһͶҲеһƴ
˵һˮоԼе㼦ߣΪӵıʵҪӵıʵ͸ǿˣӱʵҲҳԣҪ塣
ʮţһǿĴˣʮŵļֵѾ޷ơ
ˮеһ·ŽȥȻֱӽսɾ
ˮûٿֱӽȫװɾȻ뿪뿪ʱٶȿ˺ܶ࣬·ѸٵĴţʱûǼߡ
ˮصʱѾǰˣȵķּŮڣǲ䷹㣬ˮҪȥɾдһᡣ
ˮϸǣĲ϶ǣȻͽɾ
ڼŮֻܿʼ֮Ůڳ㿴ҿ㣬Ҳö褼ˮôҲ򵥵ģоɷ࣬ԼŮӾͳſʼ
ʱˮѾɾпʼ鿴ӣʮӣˮʯеһҲǺһͬĵҩСһɫҲֻ࣬ɢϢͬǿһЩ
ˮһͨȥ

ЧһӶʵǱ壬ȫģÿһֻʳʮţÿʳһŶ
һͻʹһͬʱͬʱʹһ
ʹһʦԼһʦϵʵ
ǶҺԼһģһһӵĶҲʮţÿʮţС
һʯӣʯҪϲ٣ˮзӾȻҩģҶرҩģȻֵ࣬ԲС
ˮһ´Ŷڽݵġ
ˮӣ
ʯ
ˮȻʯͷСɫƺӵĺãˮӣ˸Լﻹ˴Ǯˡ
ٴӣȻӣ
ܶӣˮͨȥݵӣ𻨵ӡ
ˮһ
ѵһȵҩӡ
ϽļӣĶƺ͡йϵʯݡ
СӣСֻһߴСӵƷʷЩõģˮڴĽеһСӴ򿪣ˮǰһߵ鼮дšҩ䡱Ǹ׭֡
ˮ֮󣬴ӵһҳ𣬶һЩҩκһҩжҪҩݣ淢һҩûˡ
ЩӣҩˮоرһǿҩʦµģԷӰֻ
֮ˮеҩΪоԼҩҪ֮ܶˣָЩҩݵݾͲڿӵеģƵĵҩҪҩļǧϣǧͼҩһ֮ҪߣɾҲҪʮ֮ˡ
ˮеǺܿĵģϾԼڵԪܳû͵ʮҲûʲô
һָӵһӣͬһ鼮дšҩ֮ޡĸ֡
ˮ⣬鼮һȴˮϲϵĳ־ϲҩԭһרҩݣҩݳΪҩޡ
ҩзҩԣеڷۣеֱҩдҪľҩе޺ڷ۵ģֻرҩݱݣڷ֮ġ
ˮҩ޵ǿһҩ޿ʱһɣҩ޿ʱɣҩʱɡ
ҩ޲ʱ䣬ҩݵԣĵʱ䣬Ϊҩݴﵽһݾҩ
ټ֮ɾ˵Ǻеľ޴ԻǺܿ͹۵ģؼôҩޡ
Ȿҩ֮Ҫҩ޵ģ󲿷ҩû̫ǿսҪСΪҪлҩ֮䷭ʲôġ
ڷ۵ҩĿܶ࣬ʷͽʵĿǰҪѡһıҩޡ
ɾѾܲǿˣȻҲʺκֲѡ˰죬ˮһߺ˯Ѱ
ӲӵԲСӣϲֱҩˣѰʲôĶȽʺϣѰȻûսǿ󣬶ҿɽһɽءˮԴ͸ܶӲĶҲΪѰ
ѰΪҩ޶Ѱֻкôûлѡ޺ֻҪһ޵ҩ޵ӣʺϵĻϳΪһҩޣʺϵĻܳΪҩޡ
ҩ֮޵ҩЩҲЩҩݣˮ뵽һӵҩݣæȥ򿪣Ȼһһȥ
Ȼ޵ҩеҩݡ
ˮϲݣҩټɾԼҩƳҩеĵҩӦû⡣


1246 ֻҩޣѰʷ䣬
ҩֳɵģˮȻϾʹ޵֮ǰȰЩɾУһſʼ׼ҩ
ЩҩóЩǽеѾﵽҩݣɼ޵ǺģʹЩҩƵĵҩͼܡ
߲Ҳ׼ãһβʧܣҪܵԼҩޣҪҩݳ㣬ƳǿĵҩʱԼԼļԼߵѲǿ
ôҩͶȥʮƣɹˣż˽¯¯źҴСĵҩһĹΣԡ
ţ
ôĵҩֻƳţǺܳˮģϾһѰҵѡֻʱ򿴿ǸʺҩޣںֻεĻᣬڷ۶ֻһεĻᡣ
ˮϽ¯ֱϢѾöûϢƣԵȾʲô޵
ĸʱˮ׼ʱԵ㶫ӵ˼ʲôҩޡ
ţûп޵ʲôЧء
ˮţϽȥ¯򿪽¯޵
޵
ҩƶɣǿԣ
ЧԽĿҩ޻ޣһЩΪûиãһĿ궼ԣҲһʧܼʣʧֻһʵ츳
Ͻ¯˿޵Ǻܲģʲôֻкôûлǲʺϻ޷ΪҩҲҪٿһЩǱܡ츳ԼΪ
˵ֻкôûл
Ѱ
ˮѰСǿԣǱޣһ壬ˮóһ޵ǰ
ӲӵС۶ǿСԣˮûж˵ʲôֱιʳȥûʲô
ܿѰϾǽλôһ߳Բ壬ˮоˣ϶һǿ
ˣˮĵĿѰͨʲôԿú
ˮĵǣѰֱӳΪ˶ҩޣǼǵҩ֮˵츳޷޵֮ܳΪһҩޣѾǺǿˣ󲿷ֶǷ޵֮ҪܳʱܳΪһҩޡ
Ȼ˵ҲֱӳΪҩ޵ģǶԶų֣ˮû뵽ѰȻȻֱӳΪ˶ҩޡ
ͨ
Ѱҩޣ
ţһҩޣ
ˮĿʲô仯
ѰգڲһǿĽܵ˺ʱԶˡ
ˮÿҲǳԾС֮Ϻ˺ѰģΪԴ͸κĴڣǱһЩ޳ԵҲûãϿӳκξԼع
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Ѱ
սõӰ˱ٶȣģ
ٶȿˣˮˡ
˵ҩ޾ͲܳΪǿޣֻǴ󲿷ֵҩ޶սԲУֻһЩҩ޲ܳΪӵпʵǿڡ
ˮѰȥҩʩչҩ޵ͿѰ£ֻܿ΢䶯ٵһһУ񷭵һǲ
ܿ죬ѰͽɾĴ󲿷ֵ淭һ飬˻
ͺˣ
ˮɻ
ȻץһܵеһĴڡ
Ŷԭ
ˮ֪Ϊʲôҩ޵ʵ޷ǿˣԭԼڵѾ֮У޵ڴ洢ǿͷųֻҩ޲
ͷųҩȻʵͺˣ츳ǳõģ޷Ϊǿսޡ
Ҳһ㣬ҩҩģһֱҩһƬرǿҩҩеĻôͿҩǿҩѪǿĻЩǿҲǽչ
ѵѰܳΪǿսޣ
ˮԼоţ˫ǿѰǿֻ֮ʣ¸оɰС
Сɵеƣأɵٶȿ죬Ѱˮ𣬻µǹ룬ǿҲֺԱ׵ĻˣɣȻѰ͸ǿߵ壬ȻѰٶȲУʱ̣㹻ԷѰɰٴΡ
ڳΪҩ޵Ѱٶȱ֮ǰ˰˱ĸֻƺǿѰٶǾҲһµĴڣµѰΪҩޣߺǴ󿪣µġ
ѰСҲһܳΪǿս޵ԭ򣬱ڿױˣӾ˺̫ˣˮֻ࣬ܽɡɣȴ˿ˣڱǽ̫ǿˡ
ǰˮѰΪǿޣΪ˼ξͲˣСսֻܣҲͷ
Ѱˮ̲ס뵽࣬ѰԼģԵĻǼֻѰҲΪǿĴڡ
ˮѰʶַ˺ܴı仯ƺҲˣ˵ǿ˺ܶࡣ
ѰǳϵˣֱӳΪҩޣܳΪһµĴڣˮʱ룬Ҫҩ
ʣڷ۵ģˮѡʷϾʷΪҩ޺󣬺ӦҲ㣬ǷƷҲܶܶɡ
ˮýʵģ˼Ǿʷһ㣬Ժҩݺ޵ʱʹãǰһʵҲ㡣
ǿ޲һܳΪҩޣࡢҲǳ׵㣬һʳΪޡ
ˮЩ޻ҲˣֻǷ޵ʵǿһ㡣
ҲˮѡѰʷԭ򣬳Ϊҩ޵ļʻһ㣬ǰѰΪ޶ҩޡ
ں˲Ǳ޻ҩޣСļֵ˵޼֮Ϊҩ޲пܳΪǿսޡ
ʵʹ֮ǰˮʶģˮѡʷһԭʷɾĲΪҩӦЧá
Ӧñʵðɣ
޵ʷɢĹΣˮȵʷСѾʮ״ޣȴѸٵСתѾСһ㡣
ˮûеģΪоʷȻСϵƺӡ
СҲȻ߷緶
ʷС׵ĴСʱͣһʷ仹ҪСһ룬Ϊ˽ɫͷһССĽɫʹһĶ
Ӧóɹ˰ɣ
ˮĵĿʷ
ʷҩޣ
ˮˣԼߵʲôʺˣ伮мذ겻һε飬ֱԼһΡ
ʷСģһȴʵ
ʵﵽ˰ƣ
ʷʮıʵģԺΧ֮ڵĳࡣ
β룬пµĶԣ
۶ԷµĻ۶


1247 Ű
ˮʷҲû̫ǿ֮Ȼʵ˲٣ϧ˵þڷۣսʵԺܳʱڶó
к֮ڵĳҲܳΪһ̽ѰٵĴڣˮоĳЩʱó
ֻҩ޳ˣˮʱҲ̤ʵˣɾΪСøеһжᷢı䣬һѭ
Ժ޵ûƽҩãʵǿҲҩޣֻƺûʹ޵һֱǻһϲȥֻˮекô
ȥѾ˳ϾɾѾ˺ܶ죬ɾӿԵ췢ѿѾһߣɫҩݣҩ࣬Щˮо̤ʵЩʱ
ˮʱʱ䵹ǹûжãʱҲŮѾˣҲǸá
ˣҪ˵ȥء
߹ˮЦ
ϵķڣ磬ɾʱҲûгԷ֮ѾʳָˣȥŻܹȥķˣĲ
һӣˮ˽һ롭ֻҪ죬̵޻ߵûζܱЩĻãŮԼķ˻Ǻгɾ͸еģҲ֪ϺͲϵԭ
극ϰߺȲ裬Լ˾ԺкȲ裬ˮ뵽һͶⶫȻԼӵĲ̫࣬ɷԼ߹˵ɵҩˡ
ȻˮͳҲǲģʮһʮʮ֮ʮƣϧûȻˬֻǲ֪ǲǺǰһأ
һˮǣǵҲûжʣѾеˣɻĿˮʲôҲû˵
ɷ߹ֱãһʵŮ˵ҪȹԼʵȥˣʣˮͳںȲ衣
ѧǲǸöˡ
ˮЦ
ˮóǰԿףţһرҡ
һ˿ȣеŵ˵ѧȻܸһرңһ㵽ʦǸβŻһġ
ʵҲûʲôһͶʲôģеʯ
ˮ˵
ĲһѾǶƷҲѧΪʲôôǿĵӣֻҪﵽһʦͻǧټƵȡõһһֱӳΪʦһôõõġ
ҡҡͷЦſˮ
ҲǣˮҲ뵽Լ׵õһҲԼԭɱ˹ƺѣرҪˣ褣õһһ̫ˡ
ԺƳЩʱһݡ
ˮٵ˵
ѵģ֪ԽԽر֮һˮ룬̫ˡ
ˮЦˡ
ôң˲˵󻰵ġ
ˮҲЦ˵
˵һ治ţ˵Ҷе㶯ҡԼ뷨ˡ
˵
Ŷһؽ㣬˵ԺҪźŸӣŲš
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ֻԥһֱˮϣȴЦˡ
ȻˮҲǹõģȻȥǺġ
ЦؽûڱøƯ𣬶˵ŮЦźÿһЦǡЦ
СӵԽԽˣҲϷ
ˮһۡ
ôңˣؽŬԺѧͻС
ǲǴӦʲôˡ
ˮ۾
ûУʵܴӦʲô
ˮƽ˵
˵ѵӺ桭
Цſˮ
𣿡
У
ʵˣҴӦԺѧˮ֮Уؽ𣿡
ţ
ˮ
һ뷨;ָΪؽҪҪԡ
𣿡
ɻĿˮ
ԣҪӴؽ塣
Ĭˡ
ؽ㲻ǲ𣿡
ˮЦʡ
һâˮƺҪһ
ˮ΢Цſû˿Ļҡ
ˣ˵ɣҪô
ҡҡͷָƽ
ҵ˫ҪӴı뷨ַѧᡭ
ˮе㲻˼˵
ҵƷ
ȴЦˡ
аգ
Ҷ٣
ƺܺ档
ҪǱܣԺٶߣҲߴŰɵʵ
ˮ뱣ص˵
ҲˣʵҲʮʮһҪǿҪǱܡ
һֱԥˮЦˣ·

һΣĿˮ
Ҫҵָ·Ӵıеͻ
ˮ֮Ը˵Ϊ֮ǰӵˣԼض·ӴˣҲԭ򣬸оӦеġ
ˮ뷨ʱҲǰ˲û˵ѣ뷨׷ֻܱ֤һУǰĸ׾Ͳ
ߣȥ԰ɣͰҵСƨ
ˮΪ˸顣
ˮҪΪɷ뿪ʱɷȳǿһЩԼҪøԼٴεһȻ̤ʵǸʱǻչ˳ɷ褲ȫ
ڳŮǿ϶ģοˣһû뷨ǲܵģɫĵͬʱҲҪΣˮûҪ׷û뷨ҪΪŮ˿ǣοӦҲԸͱ˹ͬӵһˡ
ǵһκͳңˮңһжոµģˮϲڴ˯ɾȹġ
ˣ˵ҹҲеˡ
Ҫɣˡ
ƺеţùˡ
㲻°ѳֲסҰɡ
ˮĿų
²Ҵǲǡ
ŤסˮĶ䣬ԼѾϰˮ˵ǰ붼룬תе㲻֪롣
ǵڶˣˮץסȴ§סؽ㣬¶𣿡
ҪƿˮģҲԼûй֣οйһ֮󣬻ǱʶĬһΪʳĻһ㶡
¶𣿳ͻȻ仰֪ôشѾ֪²¶ΪѾϰˣѾ֪ûпˡ
ִֻˮϣˮҲ֪Ѿϰˡ
ؽûһָолȴǲ֪˭˵
ˮЦʵŽߵգһ˿ƣįһ˵ɫеۡ
Ҫ˵ʲô
֪СӺԼ˵ΪԼҪմԼˡ
Ű𣿡
ˮʳ仰еоԼƭСŮһֻСŮȴһŮӡ


1248 ǿˮ
ˮĻóе㾪ȣˮ֮Ż˵Ҳ顣
һʲôҲ˵ˣĶ
ʵû˭˵Լ飬ܶ಻˶Ű飬˵ڲϵĳŰ顣
ҲȴŰ顣
ˮ΢Ц˵
ʲô
˵Цˣƺǰ˵ˣǸоûи
ڴǸˣоϲһǸһˣϣֵˣϣֻһˡ
ˮЦ˵
飬ֻ˵˵һЩге飬飬ֻеһЩŴܵһ档
ˮ˵һЩЦ˵лл˵ЩкûУƺܾǰ뷨֪ʲôʱʼѾû뷨ˡ
ˮҲû뵽Ͼǣҵ˺ܶ࣬飬ǰ¶ʱĸףи壬Ѿǻҵ֧һܷ۶ûУʦӦû㲻ϣȻ̬Ҳܵĳ̶ȡ
ʵԳԸı䣬糢ȥһˣֵһԼĿֺ͵ǡ
ˮЦ˵˵ÿһ仰Ǻ档
ʵѾŬˣѾڳűˣ˵ָо
˵곤ˮ§ֻ֣ٿˮ
Ŷԭôˡ
ˮЦ˵
˼Ȼÿ
е糺죬رĺÿڵɫжһ˿Ů˵Ľջ
ؽˣҲǴˣұҲ𡣡
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˵û
˵
ǣôܣҾ뷨Ҳ¶ʵѾˣֱֹңҵ˽սҪҪ㡣
ˮЦ˵ʵҲڿЦ
ˣˣʼɣ㲻ƽںƽˡ
СоܳС˵һů
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΢΢۾˴ϣ˾Ӱչˮǰ㷢޳ķ۾ķ۱һֱ쵽βγ˵߻ȡ
Ȼ·ȴǵ£ˮվڴߣƽһ£óһд򿪵ĽڴأȻֻƻ춯ֱֻ
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Ҳˮ춯Ƶóеţ̲סһ΢΢˫ۣˮֻƣƽ
ҪģҾռҲǹģ͵͵ġ
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˵͵͵մˣæʩչϤľַֽ֣һְĹһеľ֮һУ߻ܻǱܡ
ˮϵ˲͸ܵһܿƽԽԽͷˣˮҧýģŬŲ뷢
гһ㡣
ˮĻһҲ̲סһƳתһħˮֶһ̫ˡ
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ˮŬƽԼ飬ΪѾзӦˣϵĶӿ죬ա㰴ָѹ
ӵʱˮó뿪ʼʩչ֮
õṉ̀ԪȻǿ뷨־뷨ǿͣһֱﵽޡ
ˮóһֻΪĸָѾںɫֲޱȣˮöסȻָ⡣
ںڵѪҺһεεĵ£⼸ĶзëϴĹЧǿͬʱ׾ϴ裬ǵʱˮָ˺ɫָֻͷǺɫɼѾ൱ĺˣʡ
ɫѪҺζܴóܲ˼еΪ飬ˮЦеĶغˣεʣܶ˶ǰӣЩǱܻĿʵҲӿ졣
ʱˮͣȻ룬ֱԡұȥѾʪ͸ˣ˷
ˮִѪɾ÷ÿ
ȳʱʱȥСʱˣһµĳ㷢е˵Բͬˣϵֲʳ̻ϢʤˣһҶеһȡ
õֹƺҲǸʤˣˮ֪̬һ㡣
ˮѩ׵϶һΣѪûˣζҲǳĺá
лл
ЧƯˣʵҲǿˡ
ˮЦ˵
ҷǷԽԽˡ
Цſˮ
ˮ֪˵ģƺеˡ
𣿡
ˣҸое㻹ˡ
˵
ʵûʱͲǷˣҲỹˡ
ˮЦ˵
ǰʱǻô˵ôأ
뻹ң
ģ
ӡ
ôȥء
ȥŤˮ죬Ťסˣֻ֣ˮȴٴαס
ǲǱˣ
ŵҲûй־ٶˮɻʵ
Ҹоմܽܵˡ


뿪ˮͽɾΪѾ˵ڶˡ
ɾʱˮڵһʱԼǹʱһκʥսˮ˵źܴĺôġ
ˮҪľǳһͶ
ûüԣʱˣˮܸоһͶһãһһ
һůĸо֫ٺܿͷĹƺҲ΢΢ǿһ㡣
ţԼľвСô
ˮ˷ܡ
ְܿѶȥһӵʵһƺ֮ǰǿˣѾԲˣƺ
ⲻ֣һ;ֹԲ滹иߵľ磬ǰĻʲôģԲ֮ͻ硣
ȥ֮ˮо嶼ֽӲӵĸоؿһһƺҲڱеնʵ


1249 µʵǿĿ
ˮı仯ȴھϲΪǹǿ
ûжʱͷı仯ѾھֹһЩܼΪԷʳʮһʮŶ
ֻҪһܷʳһţˮֻҪܷʳһţڲǿӵһ֮Ͷ֮ʵɡ
ҲǱǱܡ
ţ룡
ˮⲻֻʹˣȴûиԼʹãԼҪ뵽ͿʼԼԼʩ뻹Ǻ׵ġ
ֱҲܹţֱþʩ룬һˮҲǾϲޱȣȻıǱܻҪܶࡣ
ڵı仯ˮоڶǹΪ˱Ǿһ°һͶʳʮź
һ¶㣬һԼѧλӦûṮ̣ӦÿԿԼǱȻֱͻƵ޵еĽ׶ΣһξԱϴҪϲ٣ʱǸʥӣҲǺ֮䣬š
ǸʱԼ뿪ѧҲչԼѡ
Ŀˮо˺ܶ࣬ʱˮ³ǣڵʵѾܲˣһΰǱܣҲǾԵˣѧ˻ġ

ˮָǵ֮⣬ǵѧΧתת뵽˵ţǿʵڰǧѧӦþʵɣʵ¡
ѧܺͬȼʵǾ˵֮ʵ£ȻҲһֱƽദ֪˭ͳԦһݣֻ˭ҲûǸʵ
ǧˮ붼еңԶǧ㲻飿
֮½ɣӵеֲޱȣƺûôͻƣţû龳δ֪
ѧΧǧ֮ڶѧɽǧпˮͻڸתתɽˮ
киСɭ֡ȺɽȣӦоУԶһͨɽȻգ˵ȥܴﵽޣҲ˵ͨݵĵط
ǰݡݺͺҲضķҪأţʵݺ֮Ľ㣬ҲΪʲôͨԶŴֻܴﵽţݣû˵ԭ
ˮолһôǰݡ
һʱȥһˣһˮ˶ûôнӴŬŲĽչ
ˮΪѾоʱˣǹǿˣֻҪһоԼкܴıǮˡ
褺߹ɷˮˣֻǸþƣͷβûһ£ͬڳĳһֱ۾
ˮܵĿֻЦЦǲŽģǰܡ
Ȼ
ԼԼڵһת䣬ԼһҲųСˣռԼҲо֪һʲôо֪
ɷŮ뿪ˮųɢһµת䣬ˮڿǣż˵ׯԺɢ˵
˵ˮҲ֪ʲôʱʼģҳҲûų⣬ƺѾϰˣӵֻǺ٣û׽Ķˡ
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Цž˾ǣŵ֡
ֻҪ㲻ˣǿԵġ
ˮ֪Լĺֻ֪ǲ֪άֶá

ˮɾе㼤ΪһڿǿеĿտоѾﵽһˡ
ټϾߣˮоˣеȲоԼһʱȥԼˡ
Լʵ״̬תȫʵԼƽͺֱתʵһӳ忪ǻɫ顣
أ
ˮĿںͶͷͷ룬һǿˮԹȥͷԼͷĿڴһɹϢôѣѪҺͼתٶҲǰδеĿ졣
ϴеһƴŰţ߲ʵҲѸתƺڲϵҲڲϵĳʵ
еľɽҲգˮ֮ĸоƺҲӽһЩ
ˮٴξһϴӣҲٴξ̥ǣϴαоȫ˺ܶ࣬ˮоܿơ
ΣջǺΣյģΪˮĽǡ˲٣ټʵϴǿ̫࣬һƺյҲֻȴǱϴСϾϴεʵ̫ǿôʵ̫Σˣ뻹Ǻܺ£֮е޲ߡ
ÿ˶һĶͽˮ޳ɣʵеڶģ
Ҳ֪˶ʱ䣬һʼ֣˽ĿסһֱƽѾȫ
ˮĺһ˫ۣƽϲޱһͨһȴһ˵ʡ
˶ˣһţҲ˸оȱüĵɫɰȻɢ
ŻѪҺѪ飬ˮеۣԼϵѪһ뵽ЩѪҺеʣģֻлʱ͸о̤ʵˣҲˡ
ϴһ·ֽ֮ǰЩմѪ·ٵȻеȲȥı仯
ʵһ
ˮȻܵʵľܵӵʱǴһһƣǰԼǧơ
ʲôǧơ
ˮ߲ܵʵʱһ㶣ԭʮ屶ʵӶʮ
ˮԸܵı仯ӿʵ𺳣һЦˣһıʵ߲ʵӶʮı壬ټ屶Լ𵤣Ѿﵽǧ֮ʹþɽĻǧʵһ㡣
ˮһ£ʵͻȻıе㾪ϲͷʵܶԿʼˡ
ˮڴĻǾ޺顢𵤺´ﵽһǧٶʹô֮ǿԴﵽǧ߰
ֹ͸ӿֲˣˮѾˣϾǸҪʣʵʵϻ֮ͽԸһǧʵûκ⣬ǧʵˮоҲܽ
ˮİ˰Ȼûȴ˾սеһЩԡػȣˮѪ٣ھǲסǧҲܿסһʱ䣬ǰ˰Ч
ӳϫӡкڶ


1250 ׼뿪ּս
ˮǿĻǾȻɽҲǿֲޱȵģ˵ˮĿǿ
ֹĻôĹǺܿ͹۵ģˮŵǾڰ˰µĽ˵ĴӡĽԼѪٲƵĿ
ϫӡԼӡӣ
ˣֻҪס类ѪٽסĿ꣬ˮ׶ˣ޳׵ķϵԷֱѰ͸塭
˵ˮڵɱֱ˺ܶ౶һǺˣȻ֪ţǿʵڰǧ£ţж٣ֻҲ಻
ʵˮǿ˺ܶ࣬ͬҲѷɫοϹǿǿģټϽѪǿ
һξ޴ͻƴˮѾʼʶţʵȦӣһεһ޴ת۵㣬˵ҪһһηԾΪһεͻƣþΪ׵Ĵˡ
ܶڲ̫Ĺ˼ɣܷſȥˡ

ڶ쳿ɷˮΪɾʱ䣬һ粻ˣһֱɷ硣
ʱɷʵԽԽǿѾ߹褣ȻɱɷأѾûк֮ǣֻҪѾͿԣɷɷûʲôҲһϢû˭ܹ涨ɫĽģɫĽаģаˣаʹİɫаġ
ˮҲǴ̫ȭһƬ꣬һƬȻͶضɶһĸо
չɷԿˮı仯˱ˣҲˣ˻Ϥĵ϶õˡ
ˮ̫ȭƺܣĽ֮ǰ̫ǿ̫ˣɷˮ̫ȭҲǳڵΪһˮ̫ȭ涼޿ɹƵġ
ţ֮һصɶּǹѹˡ
ͻˣ
ˮͣɷĵܹˮĸ첲ĵ˵
ţͻ˰ɣˣѾͷ¡
ˮǹǿʵô뿪Ӿ⼸ˡ
ŶҪ뿪ɣң
ɷЦſˮ
ѾͷҿҪܶڲʺϣǹؼʱѵ㲻ʵ𣿡
ˮɷ߱˵
ǲǲҪˡ
ɷɫͻȻķףĿˮ
ôأѾͷôôء
ˮɫԴ
µ뿪Զڻ
ɷį˵
ɵѾͷﻹǼô᲻һؽΪĸҪľŬ
ˮĵ˵
ɷһתǲϲ
Ϊʲôôʣ
ˮ֪ɷ˵ǳ
ΪʲôôʣǸоһû¾ϲᱧ
ɷ졣
ϲ𣿡
ˮһЦʵ
ҪҵСӣ㶼˻ͨ
ɷ˵
ѾͷԸԸϲ
ˮû뵽ɷôΪĻ˵褺߹ˣҲΪɡ
ԸԸûãʦﰡ
ɷǺǵЦ
ˮԴЦӦú벻ѧˣԼѡʲôòã
ɷԥһ£ҶģֻҪʱҡ
ҴӦ㣬һǺ׵ġ
ˮоģʹþлǲöʱģѧȻԶܽܡ
ʱˮȥԺϴε˶ڣһˮǿʶ΢ĸܸܵʵڲǧʵ
ܸѧĸкüһ˵ʵˮܵĺģܲȷʵܸҪǿ
˿ˮԴһɫ۵˿ĵЦˣˮûпˣ֪ܶԸǿʵ
ʵܺ棬ϾˮԼʵϽһǧʵȴܺǧһʵʥӴƽ
׵ɱǧʵߣǧҾͲˣӦԱɣ
ˮ֪ʱҪô˵չһʵ
û̫ĳԾͷѧǿܣڻԣһõķŮ޳ɳʱѧһύ
ˮŹֵĿˣϾôңҵȡѧԵף
̫С˫ˣٹʮҪôãǸʱһѧ治˵ҿ˻еյģȻһİ˵ѧǺ¡
ƽ˵š
ˮ˵Ļûƺо˺ʵһһΪѧˣЦ˵һᾡչѧ
˿ĵĺȲһЩϡ飬ˮҲҪʣԾͰ׼õɻ˳
ţôǰݵģ
ţݵһҲһռݵĵط֮⻹һ룬һĵطΣգɽʹһţݣͨݵΨһ;Ǵţݵһһֱ߾ܵݣһ·Σޱȡ
ɫһ»˵
Ψһ;
ˮɻʵ
֪Ψһ;ʵ̫ˣһЩ󺣡ɽˣţ֮仹ԶŴӣ˵ܾǰţݺҲԶŴӣţһ˵ݻٵԶŴʹǳ׵Ķţݵϵ
Щȥ𣿡
ˮʵ
УţʵӦҲݵˣ˵еǿǺ׵ģţǰݵˣƽȥ˺ٺ٣ԶΪ˴˵
֪ʲôʵ˳ǰݣ
ˮоԺһȥģڸо˽˵
ǧʵӦÿԳܣҪٶȣǿķݣȻֻǶ·̺ķѵʱͲһܳܵס
ɫЦſˮ
·
ˮҲЦˡ
治Ҫʮʱ·Ҳܲ;۰
ʮꣿ
ˮǱ׵ĲᣬʵԪʮҲǶʱ䣬ο·ϵļįվͲһܳܵģôʱ䣬·Ͽ˵Σղϣĵд󺣣ޱȣϻĵĻǾҪֻ
ˮҪȥأһȥ
˵ûж˵
ţ֪һҪͣġ

ˮһЩ뿪ˣҪ֪ԼǱԼӰ˳һЩԼ֪顣
ֻˮصûжãһսһϷս飬Ȼˣ졢콣ɡἡǷˮܻ䡣
ѧǿеˣʥӰšáӦЩĳҡ


1251 սǰ컣еŮ
ˮû뵽ԼͻƣȻսԼɺϻıںܿģ֮ʱŲ֪ôأⲻ˯ͷ
ˮ²͸ΪʲôҪսԼѵΪʱԼͳߵĽǺѧĸ߲ߵýԼڿ令˳ȥ
ʥӵ֣ˮһϴоԼˣһҪսһεսʥģֻǸѼϼأ磬һˮŻ˴ܣⲻǱ˵Լ
һʱˮ˼ѸٵתԺеͷϵڲģҲȫȻ£ﻹгɷˡ
ݼڣҲڣһиɥĲģ˭ܱ׼һ£Ҫ򣬾ͳ׵Ĵ򵹣Զ
ˮ㶵ʱ콣ˣǰȶˣֻüͷ΢΢ţˮϵսֻε˵ֳԸֹˡ
ΪʲôҪֹ֪ûĽ־ţ
ˮͻȻ콣˵
Ҳף
콣ϱеţĶˮ
˵սֳ˵Ļ־ţܿƵ𣿡
ˮսʯϡ
ϵܣڵԿƾš
콣̾
ţǾ͵ȵȡ
ˮЦ˵
콣оˮе׽͸֪Ҫ˵ʲôȻԼܲµȴǲţһսһκܶ˶ܿʥǴˣһˮӦսĻԲк³
ϸ磬ͰҴɣ˵ҽսʱĵʲô
ˮЦ˵
ϵܣǲܣҲ˵ʲôҪͲҪӦˡ
콣Ȱ
ģҲµģϸͰѻǣֻҪǴӦҾͽսʱԼ˫⣬Ƿġ
ˮ΢ЦţһǸ·ˡ
콣ҲûȰ֪ˮһǲڸıģο˽ˮȥûаյ顣
ǰʱͷˮǰһˣȻȷһʵͻž޴Ĺϵ
̨
ˮЦ콣˵ǰʱ䶨ˡ
ˮսܿٴѧˡ
һʱ˵ʲôĶУѾûСˮˣô˵ܱʥӼսмˮǿ令

֣λȥ𣿡
ЦǺǵ˵
оʲôͷ𣿡
Ӧûˣ̫ˡ
ǰúǸѾͷѧĽУҲֻвпܳΪţߴڣõֱӰţݣݣǸᡣ
˵ǸСǲϲŮѾͷ
еŹֵʵ
˵ſŮԺԻСߵһ𡣡
ɫСĺܿġ

ףˣ
ˮȵ˵
ǲǱúÿˡ
ˮæϡ
ðˣƤϸˣеŮˡ
һ˵
ˮоԼͷһߣסûζ
ۣ
ˮӣЦˣͷ࣬ͷĲͣ֡
Ҫа𣿡
תǰȥ˵
㿴ʲôʱûаյ顣
ˮ˵
Ǿͺãߵʱ˵һ㣡
Цſˮ
᲻ң
ˮǰ
Ϊ˭Ҳżǲס㡣
Ц˵
ܲ⡣
ˮŹֵ˵
ʲô⣿
ˮɫҲеŹ֡
˵ÿ˶Ůôûˣû컵ʲôġ
ˮų˵ɫÿĻͣ
Ҫʲô𰸣
ûзŭû·ûиоһˮһ䡣
ҪʵĴ𰸡
ֳܷʵ𣿡
ܣ
ⲻˣҪʲô𰸣Ҹ˵һ顣𡣡
ǳЦ˵
ţ⵹Ҳǣ˵ܶ컵Σжںˮãɡ
ˮû˵꣬߼ĳһס졣
Ҳû뵽ļһԽԽסˮо飬ͷתһ£紥ĳ֡
ǲҡ
΢΢ͷ˵
ˮгһ£˫ַǵһ˫磬˵ûУһֱ㣬֪Ϊʲôϲ㽿޴ӣҰ㵱ҵĺ֪޻̸֪˵㲻ˣһ
ˮĻһ̧ͷСɫЦˣҲˣҪ˾ͼ޸㡣
㲻𣿡
ˮɻĿųŮ˵˼Ѳ¡
ֲҪһ˵ֻ˵ɱʲô˼ȻһӲ㡣
ɵЦ
˼ʲô˼
ˮװŲ˵
·
ƺҲ֪ô˵ǡ֪ˮڵ٩ҲˮҲ֪˵ǵСžš
ŶҶˣǲ·Уʲôǰɡ
ˮЦ˵
ƺҲ⻰ﲡС쵰ûǰɣ
Ҫͱ˴ˣؽٸɡ
ˮЦ˵
Σǰıסˮ˵ǰĻѾǺˮ֮һԼһһҲų˵һܣָоƺһڴͷһЩΪġ
ˮе㷢һ£ܿ죬ģģģһǾͷֿʹóס
ǺܴģˮðͷĻ֮ӵҲǽġ
ˮǰļͦѹȣ̲סı仯һûĽֱĻ
֪Լʲôط޳˱޳˫ȼǰӵʱ˽ż⣬ˮļֱͦӶĹɹС
ˮһˬѾܾûС⡱ˣԾˮֲ֪ʲôʱѾ̵ͦϣֹ⻬񣬵ԾˣԾץ
Ҫٹֵ㣬̾ߡ
΢
ˮµļ̼ͦܵ΢΢һ
ˮָĽϣͷ룬糺ĳ˫ֽ§ˮĲӣԼӸһ㣬㿪ĻŵĶײ
֪Խ̧ӣǶԽΣǸ·ƺ빥ȥˮˬҲĥǿҪˣһ⣬ֻ򣬲ҧųԡ
ҲͰӵʱˮֻоŮȻһӲоʪˣŮ˻ڳ鴤
ȻôС


1252 Ӯнɱһֻ
ˮڸоܻƣΪŮǳҾȻ£ˡ
ˮоŮ˽§ԼԼȴйɵš鴤ţֻñסϹꡭ
ˮڿһѻ𣬵ʱȴôŮ˸ûԼôֻû뵽ô죬һĦܾˣֻһʱ䣬Ҳһˣһ־ϵĳ
ϾĽӴһŮˣһˣŮ¶ҲһջĪܡ
ͻȻˮоһۣһһ˿ԹǸ쵰
˵ֱܿˣӰٵʧֻӰеңˮԼ滹ţȴһСƬˮġ
ˮ֪ȥϴ·ˣҲ֪ôôĳ嶯붼оеһεֻǿѹԼĻ档
ԺһֱӲȥǸŮһ˲鴤ɫһʧǵĽ͵ˣ֪ԼⱲʵŮľˡ
ǿܲŮˣϲһָоеԲסӵеЩŮˣìʱѡ
һô㣬Ȼû˵ʲôˮ֪ǸŮҲԸͱһһˣȻ½϶һޣֻˮһһ޵Ĺǿ
ǰ檣ǰ᲻˭ҲܹȢŮˣܹĸŮ֣һֱоеǲƽ
ѾߵһһһǲܵģǵһֱˮǸԼŮ˲ٶˣծͿˣˡ
ˣŮˣسֵ֮˵ʳɫɼɫҪ
̩ںϣһĸо֮漣һ־ڴĸо˲ɣһС
˦˦ͷǰһже㲻ʵǻ㣬ϵ֤ݣǲǻþˣһҲ֣ˮ֪ԷӦҲ߰ɡ
ˮȴǿȥΪˮоŮںܺÿųܽķȥ
ԼļңпռֱӿԼϴ·ϳȥˮķ䣬յʱá
ŵǺܿ쿪ˣһɫķȹ޶ˣϵķΣһŵҲһˮˮһ΢΢ܿĿ⡣
ؽ㣬û°ɡ
ˮоԼ⻰ˮƽ
Ȼһֻ־סˮһֻ䣺С쵰˵ʲô¡
û¾ͺãû¾ͺãȥԵģ
ᡣ
߹
ˮסЦǰ𡣡
һḡңǰǸĹ
ϲҴӮˣҪҽ
ˮôߵ˵
Ӯһ㽱úôˣ
ߵû˿ˮʧˮķ䡣
ˣˮԺһԼŮˣѧĸҪȥۡ

ڶ磬̨ɽ˺ޱȣû뵽ϴô̵ʱ̨˱ȶԺܶ˶Ǻ˷ܡ
ˮһĲǺǰһӣǰ˿һˣˮóˣĸЩ˸оһͥһ
ˮһ̨ϣȻ˹֡
ʥӰšáսҲٶ˵ʲôսԸʧ˿ԴӦʤԼȻ𲻴Ӧǿʤ˵ľ䲻ڷڻļҲϲɧţЩһֱǰQͣ
ˮֱ˵һ仰ֱӽͼƵ
һҲͽҺʥӴƽ֣ΪԼ˲ˡ
̫Դˣʲôʸ˵ǰQ̫Լɲˡ
һôĶ֪
ˮ㣬ǣһЩ˵֮˶ѡ
ǣƽʱһ۸ˣǡ

ٴ̨ϣˮ˫ۻƽ
ҪСˣһҲˡ
쿴ˮֱӳǰսꪡ
˴ʥӰ˳
ˮ˵
һ㶣ˮ֮ô˵һ˵Ҫ۵ģˮо컹һ֮ŵˣܹ˳ˣˮа취Ʒˮ֪ǲ˳ġ
Ҫأ
㴦á
ˮЦ˵
ãǼ֤ʼɣ
ǰһ˵
ְɣȻֵĻҲûˡ
ˮ˵Ļø첻Ծǳ˳飬⻰ƺϴαȶʱ˵
֪
ʵŷԼϱһĹΣеսꪱԽԽ͸ѩӨɢɱ֮⡣
һǹϻ꣬
ʥֱʹһʹõǿ󹥻
ҿôгʲôҶ
ˮһûгԸֱһзϵˮ
ǽ
˰
˴ӡ

߸޴Ľɫӡһֱӽͺսꪽס
Ҫ֪ˮڵʵ˵ǧʵǧʵʱҲˮĽ˰ɲֻġ
ɱһֻϣ
ˮűĸƽ˵
ѾסˣȻֱӱԷ⻹ôܱԷĻҪԼܶܶʵľܽԼҪɱԼ練ơ
ż죬ôôǿѵһûʹȫ
죬ѡɣսǹ˳
ҲһƬžֻзҵĺ;ȵ
ʱѾң䵽͹ȣһоͰԼʲôţʲôšһʱʶ뵽ǡ
ۣ
һѪѸή˵ҲڲϵʧͬʱΪѾˣǲҲֻһˡ
ˮû˵ű˴ȥĸ̾˿ûתۣԺֻܰˡ
콣ɣˮžŵķ˵
һߴ͵ӳ̨ϣ콣賤Ĳֿ̫񣬵ȴǴһƮϢ˸оܹ죬ʵ͸ڲ١
һбܣܲ˴Σ϶˳˳꣬ͻȻһϵĴܲס
콣ͬҲòһڶǻҰģľߵ̨ϣ첻ǿսˣֱ䣬һߵĳ裬սһս飬ϸѾˣҪᱻġ
㲻ƹܾˣܹܵţʺϣĳɾͱĴ󣬲֪ͬͬҵĿ
ˮЦ˵


1253 ־ȫޣɴھݣ
ˮĻȻ㲻콣ɵĳҲžϣû˾žҪͷֻҪܵܣֵܵ츳ܣֻҪһʱ䣬˵ܵܳΪ˾ŵĳңõԴʵҲͻͽҲĺ߾ϡ
콣ȻĵܵܣϣܳԼΪĻҼλҲԼˡ
㲻Ը⣬ǻսɣҲҿǰ㣬սһӡ
ˮĻصɱ
ˮ붯ɱҲ붯ַ콣ǰĶ콣һԼܰ콣ɲȥʱһһ졣
ǧһؿڣǧһСؿڣ졢콣һǧʵͣؿ˵󲻴˵СҲСһͻƵҲǴڣٰʮҲ
ʮˣ
ͬ˵Ļ
콣̾һòеһ̣òٻΪһˣνɷ죬һĴ̫ˡ
ˮҲĽͷ콣ǵȥ
ųһսûС
콣治ǶȻ˰Լ̨
ʲôֵģ콣ǾҲûмôչ콣裬ֵܣ콣ɲ縶찡
һʥӰˣ֪Σ
˵콣ˮϵܺãֻǲ֪ˮ᲻ȡš
ˮһдʥӣ˵һŷУҪѧҲֻʱ⡣
ѧӦ֧ģȻҲ令ʵ
ǰԺǿˣʵҲ䶯Ӧкܶȥ

ˮվ̨ϣõɣһʤҲȻ
ˮĻܶ˶ǸоһܿҲ֪ˣ˵󻰣һнʥӵƺ
ˮȻǰ̤һ˲ûʲô־ҲҪʲôʵת۷壬ǽһӡ
Ѫ٣
޴Ѫٱ֮ǰӿֲ޴֦ϳɫܵļһ߶೤ֱ߿գХڶʱɢϢ˴ʧɫּͺͰڶǾҲܲ顣
ﵽһʵԸܵŵв̨ľʵ͸ǸܵѪٵĿ£ǸоһɽҲܱѪٲ顣
ˮıǽٵ㣬ٴγ޴Ѫ٣ҲˮҲչԼʵ
䣬ʲô˵ɣܴӦǶӦ
ʥӰȻûб仯˵ˣˣǼ֪ʲôءҲòʧ߾
ûʲôֻҪѧ
ˮ˵
ˮҲΣڻһ㣬ҪһЩʱ䣬ҪɳֻҪԼڣͲ¡
Ǵѧġ
Ǿͺˣˣ͵ɣ
ˮ˵껺뿪һ仰ɵ֪ʲô˼
ĽˣûгϣΪʵѾһΣľ⣬ûҲǿסʥʵεġ
һˮǺͳһ뿪һǳ׵Ĵˮ˶ܿˮĹϵоˮͳ
ѧŮһֱûȾָʥ֮ûȴƺö˿ˮıӰ
ǽˣˮ뿪ʱ䣬Ӧ죬Ҳʱ䡣
ˮüŮȻȥȻԺȥ
ľŹˮ˵С˼ȥƺ֪һ
ٶȻ㡣
ɫкˮȥ
ǵ̫СˣһҲûС
ˮ˵ҡҡͷ
ܵĴ̫ˣʱ뻺һҲǵԹˣҲǶһ顣
ˣˮǲҪ뿪ˡ
˿ˮЦ
ţ
ʲôʱ򡣡
뿪ᳬ졣
·СģǾͲˡ
ɫЦ
л˼ҲúСӿһҪ̡
ˮЦ˵
ʲô£ֱ˵ɣҲҪˣͰϼһﵱԼҳһ
ɫ˴ʱˮĺء
֪һЩħ顣
ˮ˵
ħ𣿡
˾ȵĿˮ
ţ֪ү֪벻
ˮĳƺҲˣҲ֮Ĺϵˡ
ħţݵˣֻ֪ħĹһݵΪУ˵ħҲ֪ţݶֻһЩ˵һ׼ȷ
˿ˮ˵
ˮʶħ𣿡
˾˵
ݵʱ⿪ķӡ
ˮоҲûбҪֱ˵ôһ䣬һȴɫŹ֡
ϣʵûдﵽʱҪס˵ĻǲẦ㣬ȻͺΣˣʵǿ˿ԴǸ˿֪ôԴھݡ
ɫ̾˵
֪֮ǸŮ˵ʵʲôʵھݣ
ˮ˵
֪̫಻̫ãס˵ĻŬʵѧҪأʵһжӭж⡣

Ĳ𣿴Ұɡ
ɷˮĸ첲˵
˵㲻ô죬˵һᾭġ
ˮ˺öˮ˵ɷ
褺߹˵һЩףĻ
ѾͷҪùõĻ
ˮɷڳ˵
ǰ˵Ҫĸôֱ˹ùá
ɷĿˮ
ˮҲڲŷɷҲСħͷǱʣĿ
һסɷСѾͷҲ٩ˡ
ǺǣģҾġ
˵ɷ˾뿪ˡ
ˮоǼӦ֪Լͳ֮Ĺϵƺڸı䣬Ϊоɷˣѵǻ֪ܲ
·˳硣
ûиء
ˮЦſų
ʲôûн
Ȼ˵
һ׷ģôܷء
ҲǾӣŮӡ
΢Ц˵
ҪǲҽҾͲŮӡ
ˮ˵
ŮӣŮʲô
ΪȻ
Ůˡ

㶵ʱˮֱס˳ĺ촽̰˱еĽҺζ֮Ȫãһֻ§һֻȴǴ°ڴͦεС
ֻһعʱˮһֻҲ·Ƿϡ
˺ôƲˮͣһְֻסˮβ֣Ҷһֻ§Ĳӡ
ٵôԸһʧ
ˮƣŮΪʲôҪֻͣһֻ֣ʵǸ߷壬ˮٴϴһ
ˮպĸо


1254 һʮһٶͱǽ
ˮֻ崦һϸ塢⻬ԣһֻǷ鴦ֻǿǽεա
𣿡
˿ֻǿǺţһˮ
ԶҵŮ˰ɡ
ˮҲе죬ǳѪģ˵
㻹ûеŮ˵ĳ嶯Ҫҡ
˵
㶯ˡ
ˮӣ֪ԼĿ
ѵֻΪ˵õҵӣھͿԸ㣬ԺǾͲʶҪھͿԸ㡣
Ŀˮ
ʲôˣϲˣһУȻҲϲ塣
ˮֽıס
˵ռñ˻ҵĿǣǱֱӻʬΡ
ĻˮǼ˿˿ģĵ˵ŮǲҲϲأ
û뵽һֱӻ˳ƺһۣϲҲᣬ㲻˵ϲͰǲһֻϲҾҪ۸𣿡
ϲܱɰڶѾǰˡ
ǰ˵Ǿסģ˽ģ˵ܾס𣿡
ˮִԼг
ˮеƣԼ˵ʲôƨɣں˱óԼЦ˵µİŻ˽ģκĶܴױ仯ҪΡ
ˮ˵꣬ȴͷһ£㻹ˣҪ˵ģһҲ޸㣬ԺҲҡ
ˮգŮ̽ԼܿˣϾ֪ԼӣԼ˵һ㶫ΪŮ˻ԼֻӵһŮˣҪ뷨עֻʧȥŮˡ
ǲǴӦ޸ҡ
ûУһСҪ󣬾ΪУֱ̫ȡ
ˮĲ˵
ˮѪҺڷڣССҪ󣬲Ҫ̫֣ˮֱӱ𳤹ŷȥ˲͵ҡ
ҵ
һ仰ˮһСžûˣΪпܳûˣ٣ˮҪ
ұܣ취Ūɣ
ˮ˵ץסְԼļͦ
ŮһˣҲһ
ؽ㣬Ӧҵģְɣ
ˮȥļһﻹó־ߣ˲䣬ȡ¡ɬɫˣ˺һۣסʼˮ¶
ˣˮԺл֮ǰǸ棬緢һ̣ʧɫ龰Ķӡ
ˮ˼뿪Ҳǳ׺ͳѹϵˣȻֻˮԼˣǲŮܵġ
ˮ뿪ˣŮĿ뿪ģ
ˮڵķ
һǰˮǵ۳֮ôţݾΪ۳ԭǺţһҲһǿļ
У
ʱû뵽ħǸԴݵŮˣ֪ƾʲôѵֻꡣ
˵ϰǴ󺣣ѵΪڴͨ
뵽Ů˾еͷۣٺһݵΪУǱɣħ뵽ҪȫļҪʵǸŮ˵жǿ
̤ʵأſɣ
öˮͲЩˡ
Žֻеضʱͽɾͼ·
ֻǲŷɳѧΧûжãȻΧסˣˮǸȣҪ֪м仹ʹöεľУȻܱ˶ϣò˵˾ȡ
Ķˣһ϶ĵˮһˮ޲ʬΡ
Ϊʲôסң
ˮΪ׵ɣ͵˵
˭Ѱ˺͸ϵ
Ϊ
ߵŅ̀ͷм֡
˭ûеǰɡ
ˮ֪Է˭Ȼܲ³ţ廹治֪Ǹ
ˮܣףʥʯָоУҲţ˵ڵʵԼ˲ࡣ
ˮܵЩʵҲǺǿ󣬿˵Ŷǧʮǧʵ
ˮɻˣ˭ôֱԸԼ

ˮʵг󣬿ŶˣҲ˭뿪Ҫ֪ͲҪҲˡ
֪ȥɣ
Ҳ˻еˮ
ɽ
ˮʶһɽֱӳ֣ӭˡ
ޣ
ž
һ޴Ļ˲貵Ǹ˳ȥ
ֱӱһήңܵ˺
ˮһ㶣Ȼ˹ļʡ
շħ
֮
һӽЩ˵ʵ˲֮һʵһʵֻʣǧ
ϫӡ
ΧһӳΪһƬ
ˣɽ
ˮڵʵǿĹǴ֮ӡвĿȻ֮ӡܸǶɷĻ˵
ɵļʾǿ󣬵֪ʲôʱʼɵļƺСˣˮһҲûɣܷѽ⡣
֮ӡ
һнһ˱ƵڵУɽľ޴ˮĴ¡
ˮ飡
ˮ֮ƣ
ӡ
һˮǿĿֳһʱʣµľŸˣһˣ˸ٶȴš
Ź
ˮһɽˣÿһǳصĸΪʹõĶǴ֮ӡ
һθ˶ɷļʣֱӳɱ
ˮϽֻҪ˶ԷȻʹһÿһδ֮ӡǶĴ
ȻѾɱˣˮҲûֵأĳϫӡӡҲǵõ޴
Ľ˲ͬʵдһ־Եƣ١
ռˮֱ뿪˵أˮƵЩҵģĸҵԼ⼸ġ
Ҳڲìܲϣ֮λ˺ܶģˮҲ֣ܣţס̫ˡ
һˮɾ󣬿ǿʯ¶±ǽӦܶʵɡ
֮ǰһֱûҪȥһʵҲǺôϾһһֵˡ
һˮܼҲϣһñǽΪ˵ģڴʵֿԴ
飬֪ʲôʵ̤Ĵš
һһͶ뵽쵱С
ǽһǽΪģҲǽǡ
Ȼʼʯһεεû뱱ǽС
ʵӣڻʯٶҲǰ˺ܶ࣬ʹҪ˲ʮڻ
õʹ֮һʯ֮һʯʵ㹻һѽˣڽǽֻһ˿ĽһСȴûһ仯
ſʼؼʱˣˮܴﵽ˵


1255 ʵ
ˮҾ磬ϧ˭ѣȻȫעĴ޷뵽ҵľ硣
ͻȻˮһʹǰûнңȴͻȻˣͷϲ֪ô¾ͱǽһСӣѪһһεĵ˱ǽϡ
СӱԺܿԼϵģҲû⣬һһӵĴʱݲ÷Ļ顣
ʱһĹȥˮƵһСӲûϣ֪𶯻ǽϵϢԭ򣬲ʲôԭˮ֡
Ѫ˵Ѫڽ˱ǽУԼѪҺϽѪһѪ
ˮ֪Ѫ֣һѪΪ׳Ϊ۵Ѫһ㶼ɱɱɱ⡢Թһʹֽ˶к³
һֵѪѪΪ֮ĬΪ齣齣ȻͨĽһԼ
ˮһ˲뵽֪ܶ࣬ڲЩʱ򣬸Ͻ񣬼졣
ѪҺһεεʧһһβֹ࣬ʱ䳤ˮԼеʧѪˣѾﻢµĵزƴһҲõһ齣ĻԼʵǿԽͻư춼о޴İ
ˮҧĬٳһᣬﵽ˵ʧҲڡ
ɫҰ׵ˮҧţѾˣȥֻܳЩҩˣǳҲ̰Ѫġ
ˮһһǿҵѣϮʱ򣬱ǽϳһ貵ĹΣѾɹˣұǽڿٵСһֱֻСָСӲӵģмǹӵĻƣԣȻֱӽ뵽ˮĵ
ϧˮˣûпЩ仯Сıǽ뵽ˮͿʼһˮľָѪ
˲ĸʱʱ䣬ˮȻڻǺ֮ǰҪ˺ܶ࣬æȥǽǰڷŵıǽˡ
һ֪˱ǽȻԼĵУһͬСɣæӣһһ
ڵнм䣬Ǿɽұߵ߲ʵڽȴǱǽָǰ档
齣
ԼȻ齣
ˮ˼飬齣һĴڣͨ飬֮ͨ˵еЧҪǿĶ࣬ҲϣΪֻǼʺС
СˮڻرĿģΪʹ˵࣬Կ˵Ǵ˵𣬵ǿԳɳĴ˵
ϴΰ߹ľҲˣԶı䣬ֱȻ˵ɲô׵Ļ
ˮ齣ȴǿԳɳֻҪʱ죬˵ˮϽȥڻ֪ڱǽء
ǽѪͨ
ʹʮʵʹľһɵļùʹһսļһ롣
ʹãʹñʵӣҲֱӿֹĿǰʵǽ뿪
ɳɳ

ˮ˷ޱȣҲֿɳɳͲɳɳɳɳľԶٱ䣬ɳɳһϣɳΪкܴϣٴʢ
һٴʵʵﵽһǧŰɽǽǧ˰Ͻշħͻֱ֮ӿþɽǧʵǿߴֻмܡ
ǾҲӿˣʩչ֮ӡԴﵽǧٶʵֵĻҲܴﵽǧ߰ʵ
ӿ£һ齣Լ˵һ۷壬ţסԼ˸ˣ
ˮ齣ǸԲûӣһɵļʣ仯ûˮˬܿģΪоһɵļʾԱȽ׼ǰĶɼʻҪ
һɣһɵļʾƽʮιгһηļʣֹʮֻ˲䣬һɵļʻǺܿµġ
ˮľ񹥻Ǻܿµģǲô֮ӡҲǧ
ʵʮߣԸɵĸ㶨
齣һѿԳɳ齣൱αˡ
ɾҩݣϣԼǰݻǿЩʵҪͻư졣
Ѿվ˰ɽ£ǿֱĸɽ͵ûһ¶һһͨ
µʱ䣬ˮžټϽķڽҲΪţһĻΣգԸӱ뺷
硢ѩԶҪһЩļ
һһ˹İĻˮһȴǺΣΪиŮϤģϣ
ˮо޲ϼ۳ƺһҲȲʹ˼ƽĵ
֪ޱȣϵ˴ϢˮҲо壬šҲᱻ۸оС
۳ڣ֪Σ֪ڴ˺ܶʣϧǮû֪еֻǮ˵һطȻˮûȥҲ֪˵ǼٵģΪǮ
ײǲ֪ڵĴڵģ֮ޱߣһŻ治ۣ˵Ҳûã˵ǾǴ˵еĴڣô֪ص㡣
̫ˣˮȥʳǣ
ʳԻ˵׵㡣
ˮֱӴʳǵķ򣬲ϧǮżߵ˴õһµĴ𰸺ʹþŻʳǵķȥ
ܴ󣬵Ƶĵͼ࣬ˮоѾܴˣ̫ˡ
Ƕ죬ˮϵʳǵʱѾƮѩ꣬ˮϲѩѩܿͱװع
վѩУѩϣƽƽһ̶ˮһ
Ȼѩˣϵ˻Ǻܶ࣬ûм٣ƺˡ
ͻȻǰһɧһȺˣЩ˴ݻһǴ󸻴˼ӵܣˣٿǺġ
ˮŶԷʱ򣬶ԷƺҲڿܿͷһźõŮӣˮһۿеϤ
ô
Ůӿˮƺܾϲ
櫣
ˮоԼɫôʹŮһ·װƺرķ
㻹ǵҰ̫ˣд㡣
ƺرģüе㵭ĺģֲʧ档
ϵ𣿡
ˮ˵콣裬ֻ֪콣ϵһ㣬֪ˡ
а˵ʱͻҳס
΢Цſˮ
Ŷģһгɾ͵ġ
ˮЦ˵
ߣҴתת
櫽㣬˭أ
ߵļʵ
һԶѣǺǿġ
˵
Ŷ櫽ѣǾǵѣߣһתת֡
ȻǵĴͷʮźҲֻĸŮӡ


1256 ˭
·ˮҲǼ򵥵֪һЩ⣬Ȼǻʳǣʳ̫ˣϳ˻һҴ壬ЩʵǻҲҪɵ֣˵ûЩ壬ʼҲܰȵķչ
һŴ壬һǿƵļ壬ܺͻһǰѧ˵˺ҵǿ
һʼҲȫԼˣԼ֮һҲǿ߶ĻˣеѪ߹󣬴ǿ
ļȦӣҲ࣬ѹһͷļҲֻֿġ
֮ǰĽҲ֪ЩˣǶǸҴ壬ڻʳȱľңЩ֮໥šһȻܾܿͻᱻ̭
һȺ־ֹˣһһᾺһһҲΪܺõѣһ;ּҵҹӡС㾺
һȺУҺͱʵ󣬱һһб񘷵ӣұҵĹϵܺã˵ˡ
񘷺ͺ櫵ֻͬСһ㣬ֻܺΪ櫽㣬Ϊ櫻Ҫǿһ㡣
ǲǼеֻһôǣʲôܲϾ䲻УһʱʱҼһԸ
ҲһⶥżţҲû˸Ҷô
磬ʲôΪ櫽Ƕ޲ڡ
ĿˮһԾԾԣûж⣬ˮǿԿó
ôдд裿
ˮЦʵ
ˮʵû󣬵ľǺ櫶оˮ䲻С񲻴ʵţеļ壬һЩӵܳɻ䶼ڽ꣬ȻһҪͯ
ҵĶ磬һʮʮͿԶ飬ֶ˵ǳɻ飬Ҳסһ𣬻ŵǲܳģһǿ̫ࡣ
ҵӵܳɻӵ䶼̫硣Ȼܶ඼ϷޣȻʵǿ˲׻УҲֻԣʱϵĺ츳һҪãҲǼ崫е
ҵ룬ҸǸæ
˵ˮôԶǵģ˵ͲǸˡ
ֱ˵ûκء
ˮòҲ֪ǺӵܳͻˣӦǺһ˴ơ
εҡҡͷˮֻͷ
ȻʲôҲû˵񘷻ǿĵЦЦͷʵѾ˵ʲôһ˾ͶһоˮʵԼǿһָо
ᣡ
ˮ櫵ˣԶһвʮ˵ľˣˮӣһǾ͸顣
ͣͷ˼Ŀˮ챾ǺЩ˴ܵģ㣬ˮϽ뿪һȥ㡣
ˮĿź櫣ĿϣȻеģǺġ
ʹĹϵ˵뿪ܲܺ˵˵ʲô顣
ˮЦ˵
ˣǸͷļһǳ¼ҵĳ¸¼ҺǼҲ࣬¸ϲңҼףҲ֪Ҳͬ⣬ҼҲܳңԾлˣó¼ȻΪϵ϶ܺãҳ¸˵ҲǼҵӣÿμ涼ҪһΡ
˵ʱԷҲ֮⣬ˮŶ滹ӢӣͦΣƤ𪣬ֱͦ˫ֻǲлһа
櫣˵һξҪ˴һΣҪ֪ôʧ
¸ֺ˵
˵ĺ棬ֻˮûסֱЦˡ
ҲźЦ𡣡
Цſˮ˵
ҲǶôĺЦ⻰һɵӿ˵ˡ
ˮ˵
ˮ仰ɱҲˣǸ¸һӱɫֱӶˮһƤЦⲻЦ˵˭ĺܰȰ㲻ҪС
ˮû뵽طǺܽģȻûֱſ񣬶ѹסŭΪڲ֪ԷϸǰçײĻпܻḶصĴۡ
˭㲻ܰ׳𣬺һŮӽϾôģѵоԼܹ𣿡
ˮֺƤ˾̲סǳԱӻǺˬġ
ǺҺͳ¼ҵ飬ڲҾͲ׷ǰҵΣȻڵġ
¸ǵҲûаѻ˵̫
뿴ˮķӦͬʱҲ̽ʲôˣϾЩǲġ
¼ҵ㶪ˣһүÿ춼ȥһŮ鷳Ƕô̬Ϊûз˿ĿһֿĿ⣬ĺÿ
죬ſǳ¼ҵү˭˵ҿ
¸ĺ·Ϻܶ˵Ĺ
Ŀڱ˿ȴ֪Ŀ֮¼ôãѵеģΪʲôֻô
Ϊ
¸û˵˻顣
ΪûдӦǼף㲻о̫Сأ˼ҿɵӣͻֻñ˸оǵĳΪʲôǲΪֻ֪ñ˿Ϊʲôô۸һŮȴû˳ܣΪҲ˵֮˱пɺ֮ǣ֮Ҳп֮
ˮڸоԼеɮȴǿԷͷѩгˡ
ҿ𣿡
ҿ𣿡

¸ͻȻߵ˵ʵǺܴ壬˵ŮֻʵǿŮ˲ˣȴȥС
ЩȴҲͦģһȺĿĻǺ櫣һʱ䶼㿴ңҿ㡣
ҲǾȵĿˮΪΪԭƤӸֻ˵裬һ㶼˵Ƿġ
һŮ¸ĺƤץŹأһ仰˵¸Ƥﵽһܸߵľ硣
٣Ҳ˵ǿˣǴһ٣Ҳ¡
һǰ˵
仰ҿڣһ𣬽ҾȻ˵Ҵ򣬿˭
¸ҧ˵
˵Ƥ˵˵ʲôУԽУѱ˵ϣˮȴŮ˺ԽУûǷԽоûд·վﱻΧۣԼо
ֻһֲ֪Ļں棬ˮֱþԷٶȺͷӦʮȥñס
ǰǺߵİ򣬵һκߵ˷ֶԷȻģƽʱ磬ʱ䱻ѹŵԹõͷţ¸˿ɲˡ
ˮûжֻ֣ŶԷʮ˴ÿ˶ͷִ򶷲ΪľԷҲѹʱ䣬ϲ֪Էô˶˹ͷ
ִҪǴ״ͷá


1257 ͭ塢Ӱ
¸ĶӣʼҲ֪ΪʲôʵǺҲе㲻ף֪һˮйϵ
ллˮ
ˮ˵
лʲôǴǵģûж֡
ˮЦ˵
Ȼ㲻ϣˣߣȾƣΪӷϴ
櫺˵
ˮҲûƴǣʲô˶ʶϺҲһϤˣļƺʵǲӦ֪ڵ˰ɣӦû
뵽ˮһЩһڸһ¥ˮȤܸߣҲǰӮ˰ɣҲɨǵˡ
磬Ҿһ
񘷿ĵˮơ
Ҳͺ櫺ͱ񘷲³ˮ֣ʵҲֻܲһ£ûϸ롣
櫽㣬¡
ˮ߳Աź˵
ʲô˵ɣҪô
֪𣿡
ˮֱʵʵȻᵣһЩ⡣
ڣ
櫿ˮüͷ
ԡ
ˮźȻüͷȴǸо֪ġ
ʥأȻϲļʵĴڣһ˵ǵʵļʵ˿
櫿ˮ
ˮе㾪ָоһЩţһЩоЩʵеĵȼ׼Ǻܶǰʵȡ
Ҫһˡ
ˮǰĿ˵ˡ
һɫŮӣ
ɻĿˮǻˮǺ˭
Ϥ𣿡
ҽڵˣԻ˽һ㡣
˵һ˿ԺɼĵλǺܲġ
Ŷˣ֪𣿡
֪
ҡҡͷ˵ٴοڣ˵ڵ˺֪ܶ࣬ڵ˺١
ϵ𣿡
ˮеСƣڵˣǾͺðˡ
ǽϵǣϵ㡣
˵⻰ʱҲеСơ
ǽ𣿡
ˮûôá
һ׻ʱҲѾǶˣȥҼҵȽ
˵
ˮҲûкð취櫵Ľڵˣº櫶֪ڵλãԱ֪ľ͸ˡ
ɣȥİ취һǰȥ㡣
Ҳȥ·˳ҽҼ˸ʶҼ˿Ǻܺÿ͵ġ
櫿ĵ˵
һˮûƴǣѾˣˮͺźȥ
һĴңŲٹʦˮͨ櫾֪ЩУʦ̫ѣֻӵܴﵽ
ļʦʼ崫оͻǰ٣ͣͲǰ
ļʦʼһˮ룬ȻǧǧǧֻǧؿҲǸؿڡ
ǧ֮ͻƶǺѡѡ
櫴ˮȥǵһңǴң̫࣬櫸׶ܶ˶ֳ
ڼôĸǸ΢֮ˣţ࣬ȴһǺȻһ
ʵҲǧʵ
˺ܿرСŮ߲Ҵ壬ǸŮǢ櫾СŮһˮ˺øд
С櫵ѣǾԼˣﵱԼңҪʲôɲҪ
ȵ˵
лл
ûжã櫵ֵܽˮҲʶ˺üЩٶͬĸģ󲿷ֶѾɼҵˡ
ӡľǺ櫵Ľ㣬ˮУ櫽һ飬Ѿסǵ֡
ҶغͺҲǺʣͭӰ壬һʺһʺ٣ϧûôǹǱ
ˮȺȱ衣
һ޳кˮ
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ǷԼ˵ǳһƺҲǸʵƺоﲻԾ
ҾͲˣԺҪҡ
ˮٸһŮЦ

̸
ϸϽǣȷǳزأ
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˵
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Ŷʶڵˣ̫ˡ
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֫뿪ڣˣһĳŮʲôױȣϧ˫ұ˵ҩ޷ָǰԴ䡣
һϣѧʱ֪壬Ϊ˻ң˵ǵǿˡ
ˮʶͬڵѧûʲôˣҪȥ˱Ҫ·Ȼ˭Ҳ
ԭҶһҽ˵κ
ˮ˵
һ׹ǵĵҩˣҲֻһͨߣԪ벻
̾˵ûֱ˵ˮҽΣ˵һ׹ǵĵҩȫָ
ˮʵҲƣ˵һ׹ǵĵҩԿκģ͹֮ľѪܵȶɣʧȥҲѵΪ˫ȣⵤҩôۿۣ
ˮе㲻̫ףѵоͲҪٳԣ
֪ʲôʱ򷽱㣬ȥѡ
ˮû˵ҽǸѡ
ɣҴȥԣúϢһ졣
˵
ãˣ㣬ӦóٶȰɣ
ˮЦ˵
ף֪
ǺӰ壬ϧҪûоѣȤĻܰٶʱĸࡣ
ˮѣÿʵǿкܶĺѵģһ֪һԼҲڳԱŸ
ףˮȻ򵥣ȻܿҵʣٶĹҪǿүү˵Ӱ壬ϧӲӰãһֱϣһͻȻӰѣĿ԰
ܼĿˮ
ȻҶˣȻ㣬Ҳܿĵģ磬ҿ԰Ϊͭǽڡ
ҶϾϲˮ˵ͭǽھ֪ˮˣͺǼ˺ܴģϣһܾеǿ


1258 ۳Ѽ
һֱǣһֱžѣûоѾѾֳһ츳޿ɹơ
Ŀ𣿡
ҶڴĿˮ
֪ҪŵùңھͿ԰㡣
ˮЦ˵
ȻŵùڿԵĻϾ볢ԡ
ҶеȲ˵
ãϾͿԿʼϥãصʲôҲҪ롣
ˮЦóһн˵
Ǳˮֱ練ƣʲô
ӵʱ飬ΪǾѣƽʱһЩǱܵĵҩûٳԣϧһֱڶûоѣھôʱˡ
ֻܾѴ֮һõģڽʱܿͻȫѡ
ˮЦŽ
ˮ˵ҶҲܸܵôһᣬʵǿȣоͭǽһǰǹΧ˶Ǹܵˡ
ˣ̫ˡ
Ҷץˮּ˵
˵磬ҪûܲãǲǸֵˡ
˭
ΪӰ壬ǿٶȵģٶȱҪڱ˭˻Ůˣʵ׷ֹġ
ˮڰҲڰԼƾԼӰţᣬţʵǾϵΪԵضе˲ھֻһΪ
ЩҲѧ˸ģţǸʵΪ弶߸ߣôֱͳһţҲǻ£ûͳһôǺϵȻҲҪһһΪ˶סǸ
ˮʩ붼Ǹ··ǵ·Ǳܱ׼һɷһϢǿң鶯Ϣֱúʶˡ
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󷽵ӵһˮ˶о˲򵥣޲ߵ飬һҲͰʱһ㱻ˮˡ
ÿ㣬ںȥȹһ£ӦЧܺõġ
ˮֱóƿԪݸǡ
νͷ˰ﵽףԪˮ˵ҲرĶ

ڶԹ緹ˮ͸źǰ壬ҲڻʳǣڵλøӿԽļҲԽǿ
ڵĺ֮ǰ·һһˮоԼܺãԵܵһһַĵϲ
κˡ
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ôġ
ˮһ䣬ҲԼģЩ鲻˵һԼβŪɳ׾
Уģ˵ʲôҶо˵ʵġ
㣬ɲУױƭ
ˮЦ˵
Сǲ˫۾Ǻġ
ŵ˵

˵ŵʱѾߵһƫƧĵطĽôˮе벻ͨҵ˰˵ǲӦסİɡ
ƺˮ뷨Ц˵Լġ
˵⻰Ѿһ˵ľׯ԰ǰĻݣһԺаŵҲ࣬ɫܶ֡
ſỤ̊ΪģˮȵŮ̾Ȼʵ˵Ǻǿ󣬲һ뵽Ҳˡ
ļʦ۷ʵ￴ţֱʿ湻ġ
վס
ұߵŮĺסˮͺ
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ԽȥС
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һӵʱ䣬˳ֱӻһеƣȻˮ֡
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ﲢǺֻܴһĶСׯ԰ԺȴĻʲôģһζ

ˮɫŹֵĿԺһЩ˵
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Ȼϳ
ˮû˵һɳƵǺܺһĮ
ˮͷһԶվһſɵŮӣŮȻҲǺƯͳܶ࣬ŮһɶصȴǺͳеһƴֱӳɼαӡ
ڴ߿ͻ뿴һһ˵һ
㷢һִӹɢĸ߹Ӻֻ֮˵е㲡ġ
һҩݣһûЧʮҲûãֻеĻֻоʮɢһ赲һЩ˥ߡ
ˮû뵽绹ǽˮȻ֪ĺ
Ůûʲô仯˼һɵ㴫˹
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ɾĻشˮҲر⣬Ҳû˵ʲô˵һʲô
һڵ˸㴫š
ܲܰҴһء
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Ϊʲôԭԭ򡣡
Լ˵ģʲô˼
Ůƽ˵ţǺƽ
ˮڲŷŮ˲򵥣Ǻ˵䣬Ѿܲˡ
ΪҲǿ˵¿ûѡˣһӦֲһϣ£һ̬̹Ȼԡ
ҲϵڵˣҪҸκãܸܲҴš
ˮ˵
Ůܺö㱩ߣʲôȲ˵ܲκãκãΪҴŶκң
Ҳһһ㶵ģʲôҲû˵
κңŮ˹ŹֵĿˮϲ
Ҳܸѻ˵β㣬ԲˣҲûʧ˵òã
Ů˿ˮãƳ籸Ļһӳȥ
ˮҲûϼƽϣЦ˵ǵСǴӦҵˡ
ӦȻӦϵڱô᲻Ӧǰκҡ
Ůƽ˵
ǺãڰҽΣ֪Ų㣿
㣡
ҪȻȥɣģµġ
Ůź˵
ˮˮͷ뿪ˡ
˵ɣ˭Ҿ㣬βˡ
Ů˵ſȥ
ˮһ㶣ˣŮ˵˾ǲԼκ֮Ϊԭ
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Ů˾Ŀˮ
ţ֪ºˡ
ˮ˷ܵ˵
ڵʥŮһﲻˡ
Ů̾ε˵


1259 ҽΣɱת
Ϊʲô
ˮȻµĴ𰸣е㽹ǣϾҵһܰԼŵ˲ף櫵Ľ㻹ȷز
ȲˣҲȥˣû뵽ȴҲڵλãһֱûпǹ⣬ϾһɵλҲףһֱûе£Ǻʵһ˲֪λõʱҲûе¡
ʥŮһܼģϢĶУѾ뿪ڣҲΪˡ
Ůϧ˵
ˮԥƬ̣֪ʳڵĵַϲܣֻ˵ȰҽΰɣԼ취
ˮĻŮһ㶣ǰԼѾ˵ˣźӰһΣȻڰﲻԼҲǾˣû뵽ʱ˵ҪԼҽΣԼëôҽεġ
㣬ѾˣİﲻˣҵĲβã˵ˡ
Ůʱ˵˵ˮװˡ
Ȳ˵ˣܵ԰ɣѵķˣֲʧʲô
ˮĿ
ҪԣҲã԰ɣ
Ů˸һϣˣԵ˲֪ҩʦҽʦϧֻһۣΣһ˵Ժ֪ЧĻеĵġ
Ϊóһغܾõ׹ǵĶ֪Ϊ˫ȴڻʲôԭ˫ֻߣһɲȫָ˥ˣϧһΪ˫ȵľѾ˥Ҳˡ
õŮ˶оǶǼٵġ
ʱһֱǾĻظ岢ûʵҲסʱ䳤ҲϰˣȻ˥ߣҲָ֧ʮġ
Ӳùһּ尾е㲻ģᣬҲ˾Լƿء
ԡͰ𣿡
ˮʵ
У
ܿһ˸ߵԡͰ֣ˮȡһ֮ȪŮ˺£ǿģԵ
žԡͰȻûգУŮʵܾȣΪǰǵ֮Ȫ·𿴵һ˿ϣ
Ѿµ֮ȪûʣˮԡͰеˮ֮ʼжҩݣܶ඼ޱȵҩݡ
ֻҩǲеģҪͨľлľ»Ӷȼе
е˥ʵ̶ܴԼɵģһҵʱͻῪʼ˥ߣԾ޴ۺѹʱҲʱ䴦˥ϡ
ŮΪ½ϣѹܴԲŻǰһ֮Ȫ˿Ը֮⣬ԻһЩеһЩ
С㣬ȥˡ
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Ů֮ʣûпˮɫ˿Ů͵ԵƽĴ󵨵Ŀ󷽵̾һһٱ͵ץҪõö࣬Ů˲ϲСˡ
ŮƮԡͰУˮǣˮܿͽ㷢ʪˡ
ˮٵ֮ȪڽԡͰУ֮Ȫ󣬵һ첻һΣȻʱһ졣
һֱʱʱ䣬ˮһֱţһֱԡͰеˮ꣬Ҳߣһˡ
ˮ֮ˮѸڴϣó룬ʼҽŮ˫ϻľͨм
ЩˮǺѣñȴǲܣΪûˮڵϹ֮ȻˮҲûô档
Ǳܣ̱Ԫ룡
ˮܵŮڵѸٵĻָΪоԼ˫ԽԽѪҺͨԪҲʼ
ʱ˿κԼԼ˫Ⱥ˫ϲϷţëĽ룬ɵĴӡ
ˣܿһһˣȻ־֢˽Լ壬˵Ѿָ߰˰ˣǰǲԪͨģԸܵԼеı仯
ʮһ˫תˮǲʱЩɽÿһεһ룬ȴһֹһ㣬һһ룬ֱӴһѭ
һֱɽˮ룬ϳһϸܵĺ飬һ£һĺһս
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Ůеյ˵
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㲻Ҫҵ۳а취ˡˮŮˣʵ֪ʲôʱѾﵽһ൱ĸ߶ȣڻڿٵţ˵ڿٵĻָš
ŶܰϵˡˮҲ൱ľϲ
ˣΪҿ·ڣȻ԰ϵˣˣʲôϵ
Ůƺڲ뵽⡣
ҵӣţݾġˮ˵
ӣôܣʥŮǲ˵ġŮ˾ȵ˵
ǾͲǸʲôʥŮˮɵ˵
㵹˵ɣΪʥŮôõ˵Ҳ뵱͵벻ͲġŮ˵һ䡣
ǲüҪʥŮ˻ôˮʵ
ʥŮҪ˾Ҫɸһжɡ
ɸʲôˮʵ
Ϊ
˼˵ҪϵΪ
ǵģ
ˮЦЦˣ˵ЩˣǵҼһ˵ɡ
ˮ˵Ҳڡ
Ҳãˣҽеɱ
øԵ֣һ˶ס
ˮЦ˵
˵𣿡
ûֻ֣ѿˡ
ˮЦ˵
˵ҵֺ𣿡

ʶ࣬ˣ⸽һʱ䣬ȻڣȻ㡣
ɱˮ˵
᲻Ҫʱܳ
ˮʵ
ᣬǰ·;ܿģõȵģǰܻ


1260 ˵ˣʳǶ
ɱĻˮ￪ϾǰĹҪʱܼź櫵Ľ㣬Ǹʱ뷨š
ˮó۳Ƿţ뽻ɱʱ˵ˡ
˵仰ˮп֡
ɱӹˮݹȥţպãûȥ
һŽŬȰʶʱ䲻ǿǸѣѺ٣ϲӴκˡ
ɱˮ˵
лл㣬֪
ˮЦҡҡͷ۳ľͻȻ̫ˣҲ֪۳ʲôΪһ̫죬Աˣһʱʱزֻǣҵ˺¡
Լô඼ûго۳治٣оڵĳҪǿܶ࣬ǱʥӦҲֻǿϾڵʥŮҲ൱ϯӡ
Ȼ⼸Ӧһֱ̨ҲһӴﵽʵûôֲҲˮ²⣬о۳ǿӦò߹ڵԼ
˵ллӦңһصҰɣҰܸҵļˣҾͻڡ
ɱЦ˵
Һ͵۳֮ɣʱһȥݷҵġ
ˮ˵ȥһͣһЩʱõ㡣
ҲãҽϻȥҾͶڡ
ɱٴǿһ£ס˲̵ʱˣԺסʱˣȴԺʱͻסԼء
ˮҲǣɱҪˮˮֹˣɱҲûм֣ˮŽ뿪֪˲ǸǿҽʦǸǿߡ
ˮصң֪κ˵ɱʱǸо˼飬һоǲţôҲţΪҲ֪ɱһЩϹŶ׹ǵĵҩûҽκãµͷǾ֢
ţɱˣľҪˡҶЦ˵
ҲţˮҽǾ˫ֻƾҽţݵ۷塣
Ҷغͺ֪ˮģʵֵܽҲǸоˮǿڿ˵ҲţֻǵôǿĶǺǿҩʦҽʦûݳ̫
櫵ĸ׻һЩ˶һθлˮϾһǿҩʦҽʦģôҲû뵽СŮѻôǿ
ĵĪں櫣Ϊڼܶ˶˵۹һǿҽʦҩʦֳҪ֪ˮ˵ɱôǷˮĶ飬ˮͺߵʱӦûǺҡ
ʵ͵ĹϵΪͺǳǺ͵ɱĹϵܺãǳǺڵĽ㣬ȻҺ͵岻һΣСĽӴҲҵĹϵܺãǺҵСʲرǺǳһķչƺҵʵ
ҶغͺԼǳͺ櫣ֻһͻúҵʵܶ࣬οкķ֧
һ˵ҪԴҶ᲻ĺ󱲣ÿһҪǿĿ֮ˣһ
ʱˮֳ¼ҾȻˣǸ¸Ҳûٳ֣֪ǲΪԭ򣬵ȦӶ֪һ飬ɱˡ
ˮҲڲ֪ɱڵʥŮʹߣҲʱΪʥŮĴڣǲܳΪʥŮҲΪߵĴڡ
ûв͸ǽҲ֪ǲǵɱ߼ԭ򣬵ҵҹһǵɱĸס
һˣӢˣעһˣʵǿ󣬲ڿˮӵ𾪡
ɣǵϣллСŮ֪ȥһˣǸлһ¡
˺˵ܳϿң־Ȼ˵ǳ
ôҾҲΪæʵøоǷʲô
ˮæ˵
Ҳʲô˵ǳĴһ뾡Լһĸл
һ˿΢Ц˵Ļر棬ʱһ棬һ̬ȣʱ̬Ҳܾĳɹ
仰ˮøдΪˮҲӡ
ɣһ㣬ȵСˣһȥ߶һ㿴Σ
£ǺãʱΪ㿪ţԶǵݶ顣
ˣˮҲû˵ʲôΪ˼۳˲رĻرһ¾׵ôôҲöԷоǷģҲöԷųƷԡ
һ˵ƷԺҪ˵Ҫ
ˮڻʳǸ䣬Ҳû£Ͻɾ쵽ûд㳤ڵĴںҡ
֪Ѿȥһˣˮû뿪̫ԶʳǺܴ㹻ˡ
ʳǶ죡
ˮһûʵĽĸ֣к̧߽ȥ
˺߽ܶ࣬ˮͨϢԸܵܶ඼ǹʦģмǿ󵽺櫸׵ǿȡ
渻ûʣȴеª˸оӴˮһȥ۾һĶ죬ûõġ
ʳǶ죬ˮ֪ǲǻҵˣڻʳǸûʳ̫ˣֻлҿʹá
һȥſĺô󣬳֮࣬һŵĻܣڷսסжƵȣ˵ӦоУʮ˰㡱ǲȫġ
ˮĶʦв٣Ȼ󲿷ֻǲˮۣҲĺܲ˵治ϾǻʳǣҪˮθˣҲûа취
Ҫæ𣿡
һ˹˵
ȿҪæһġ
ˮЦЦ˵

ϣ
ˮվһųĻϣĿŵĸֿʯƤ֮࣬һۿȥöö࣬ƷʺܸߣֻЩͲһĶܱȵġ
ȶڵЩƷˮϲǲϣЩ治ϧˮɾʯʯʯҲֻǿڻûܿ۵ġ
ųĻǰȥߣ󲿷ֵ˶ҵĶʵﵽǧʵ˾Ͳѡˡ
ĶʦǸ죬ΪڲҪ㣬ǿ߿ľ似¼סҩȡ
ˮĸоʵʱҲܴˣ¼סҩԼУվҲһ⿴Ӷࡣ
ڲתת˺ܶ࣬ӦҶϵģˮʶһ㶼ǿŵģҲϣһЩԼȤĶ
ͻȻˮܵһ޵ǿңȴر飬ˮ˳Ŀ⣬һɫĹʯͷҲȭͷС˵ر


1261 ֮ǣѶ
˶￴ôֱ뿪ˣΪԷ˵ǻһĶҪܸߣҪһǧʵڵ
һǮ˶ȴˣźʯͷҲǿÿһЩһǮ۵ĶûУȻʯͷƯֻƯģԻٵǮ򵽡
ȻмҲǰʲô֮ҲһǲֵǮģִĲֵ
ԳɵӲŻһһǮɵӡ
ˮǶ֮󣬲ͨȥһˮޱȡ
֮ǣ
ˮû˵ͨˮͨǳжֻҪһܿš
ЧԺһ죬¼סѥӡơƷȣĿһΣҲһļʧܣʧ֮ܺʧ
ˮһֱһĸһΣôǿǽڲ齣ĻһѡԱǽʹãкܴĿܳΪ˵Ȼһβþһ𣬱ǰǽ屶ʵʹ˺֮ӵȡ
ڱǽѾ齣ˣٶҲˣиõĿˡ
ģ
ˮ֮ǵ֮뵽ľǾģˮпԺͱǽɽ޺ȶͬȵĴڣй֮޲ˮУĵСˡ
ô
ˮָָ֮ǰǸ˵
ϰԸ˵ֻ
̿Ц
Ŷ֪ʲôԻżֵǶ١
ˮ֮־ڱصãֲֵܱ̫УȻ˷֣Լˡ
һ˵һ俪۰ɣҲҪĻöԷоԼĶ޼ֱ֮Ӳˡ
ֵһǧʵͬڵȡ
̻ǿЦ
𣿡
ˮ˵
ܣϰԸֻۣҪռǮֱߡ
ǺðɣⶫҪˡ
ˮ˵
ˡ
ʱһöˮֻоҪ⣬ͷȥһŮӣŶʮˮǿԿġ
Ůӻ˵ŮһݻĽ£β裬һഺϢСپ£رСӣֱͦ
Ѿã޳Ҳ͹£رǰ壬쳣ͦα·Ҫſ·һˮ֪㲻㲻ͯվ
оŮͰǵе񣬲һ˰ɣ
Сˡ
̹
ţȥչ˱˰ɣ
ŮЦǺǵ˵
ã
ЦЦת뿪
Ϊʲôأ
ˮںڣǰֱ˾ߣɱһСʳǶС㣬Է˵ԼѵҪ
ԼҪãȻˡ
Ůź֮΢Ц˵
ˮŮû뿪ǲʱĴԼоŮƺʶԼƺǳԼģֻҡҡͷȻȥĵطɣ
˵ˮҪ뿪ŮˮҪæ߰
ˮͣԷȻʶԼֻôʶľͲ֪ˡ
ʶң
ˮɻĿСŮ
Ļû뵽ˣҲҪ㻻ϰһæⶫҾ͸㡣
Ůգգۡ
ˣҲǿⶫƯûõԲŻģȻҲҪˣûʲôá
ˮڰ֣֪ԽҪĶԽ¶
ߣ֮ǰⶫҿǿˣҸоⶫӦúã֪˵ĶԲԣ
ŮˮҲǹ򶨵˵
õĶˣѵҶŪ֣˵ء
ˮνЦ
Ůһ㶣ɲÿϲĶ̫ˣϲĶ˭ҲҪŪֵһҲһҸһ󡣡
ŮһĴһתһֻҪ־Ū֣ԼϲĶܵȡһ°ɡ
ˮ˵Ҳã˵ɡ
Ұɣ
ˮֱߡ
ţ߰úã²ᣬһ
Ůæ׷˵ƣ֪ԼѾ·硣
ˮͣڷֶʯͷûʲôȤˣ˵ɣһΣܳɽĻҾ뿪
ߣСˣһҩ
ˮҪ˵ʲôϽ˵ˣ֪ҩʦ֪Ĳ֪࣬ҩǿְɣҩʲô׼ˡ
ˮԥһ˵ٿʯͷֵֵ
ˮûа취ôСѾͷСһ
Ůԥһµݸˮˮ˵
ôҩʦѵƲ𣿡
ˮɻ
ǵĳɹһ붼
һûн߲ݣ
ˮɻ˵
ֻ߲Ӱٷְٵĳɹʣ֮ǰֻһɵĳɹʣϽ߲Ҳֻжɵĳɹʣ̫ˡ
ŮҲƵ˵
ˮһ㶣ԭһֱеˣһֱΪʹý߲ݵĳɹǰٷְ٣ʹý߲ݵĳɹʾǰٷ֮١
ΪκҩˮоԼϵĳɹʣϽ߲Ӱٷ֮٣ֻҪʮɵĳɹʣһɹġ
ʹˣ߲ݵļֵǺܴ󣬶Ҹ߼ǰ⻹ǴҲΪԼҩɹʸߣ֪ԼĲ²Ǵģмʧһξ֪߲ݲҩٷְٳɹ
ðɣҴӦ㣬ҲܰٷְٳɹҪƵĻҲҪи˼׼ȿҩܸһŵĳɹʡ
ŮæһˮһƤֽƤֽ˵ˮ޵Ƥġ
Ѷ
ˮһҩеҩݶҩݣˮ֮оԼû⣬ǲʹý߲ݳɹҲǺܴġ
ЧˮҲǺܾȣɵȫٶȺ͹ٶȣûʵơ
ÿֻܷʳһš
ⵤҩĹЧˮҲǺ𾪣ֻɣֵҩֻΪ˸߼׼ģͼʹǱ
Ļɹû⣬ҲܸٷְٰգԼ
ˮЦ˵
Ͻ߲ݵĻûɵĳɹʡ
Ůϣʵ
С
ãǾƣʧ˾ҵù
Ůᶨ˵
㡣
ŮѺ֮ǵݸˮ
ôҲҩ
ˮӹЦ˵
ŮһڨڨЦⲻǰƽһƳɹˣԷһ㣬ֻһžͲˡ
Ҫأ
ˮŮԸǺܲġ
Ů˺ôһ᣺žͷһš
ˣҲͲҪˣõƳɹ˿ĵҩ컹ʱҾס
ˮ˵ָָԶĻʳǾ¥
ŮӦǻˣסڻʳǾ¥ҲӦ÷ġ


1262 ˿ѶĻڷ
ŮʵǺˮģЦŵͷ㣬ҽиأǾʱ
ã
ˮ˵Ҳ뿪ˣûٶĴ󲿷ֶҲ˲ˣּ©ʵ㲻ϣΪ֪֮ǣˮû֪ͨǺ֮ǻϲܣҲƣ֮ԼΪ֮ĹǸоֵǸۡ
ֻˮ׵ϰΪʲô֮ô
һҲͲˣʵܼ򵥣ԼˣҲƵĶ˽ȵǣԼ֪֪ûֵֵ⣬ֻкϲʵ⣬ϵ⡣
ˮ߽ʳǾ¥
ĻҲǸңǰŮǻҵûκʣҵλӦû͡
ʳǾ¥ϾǻҵƣԲռع㣬ҵҲߣû˵˭ԴҲû˸ڻҾ¥£һЩܳɱֻҪסڻҾ¥ܰȫ
ˮǰ̨㶩һ䣬ĻңˮҲ£ҪһЩսĻţҲǲˡ
Ȼ컹磬ˮǽɾɾʱڲ̶һһһʱ䣬Ȼ˯Ҳжʱһһʱ䣬һһʱ䡣
ȥˮҩΪоҩ治ʲô⣬Ҳ֪ѶҪʱ䣬ʱ䳤˾֮ǣص㡣
ҩǺܿģҩˮȻ˵ԼһʵҲκˣһоԼһԳΪΰҩʦ֮һ
ϴӣժҩһжɵĽţˮҲǺƽԴʵƺһжһһǿš
ŵģȻŲֿŲɫֳģҲ˵ģʵʵġ
һƾʮ죬֪ҩʦҪʱ䣬ˮԼҩʱѾﵽĳּޡ
ʮ죡
ƺֻҪҪʮƳɹľǲĵҩˮоеʱ֪ԺҩʱܲһЩʱ䡣
ҩˮֱϢǿʵʮҲһ־޴ĸһɹϢ˯߿õĻָ
ĸʱʱˮ׼ʱȻż˽¯۾һ¯оȻŰ˿ŵɫĵҩСĴָҡ
ЧŮ˵һ
ˮֱð˸ƿװ£¼ԼԭԭܻЩ飬Ҳ͵
ʰãˮʼʱȴͻȻֻĻΪ֪ʲôʱѾʼһŻ
֪ԼĻǻΪ֮ǺĿŻڰ裬ĺɫ屻һʳ
ˮʲôҲˣôŻʳóóʱˣһˣ֪ܸʲôı仯һܴ
ʱһĹȥʮĺɫѾԽԽеĻӰҲһ㣬ʱпܱըһ
ˮҲϰµģĽ߿öвû˸о˿ʹ࣬һϵսС
䣡
ȼܵĻ棬īĻ棬޴ӰҲɫڿһ˵
ѸٵÿһͻһһƬһֻƬɫģһֱĺ⡣
֮𣬴˵еĵֱ֮ӷĻԴ
һδεıŷƼɵһһ֮ˮ鷴Ϊܵ˻ϵΣա
ߴΣ
һֱߴƼ֮ͣʱĻСչ˫ὫףǵأɫӰľģǰˮ֪ɫÿûпôÿĺɫ
ǰΪ߲ɫÿ޲ɫÿɫÿɫÿˮףκɫÿֻǱɫɫеĻɫѿеĻɫͺܺÿɫɫ
ˮڸоʱëܺãǰһְһһǿС
ƽˮںڴΪѾܵ˻ǿʵеǷݼǺǿҵģѾʼս̨
ŻʵˮĵĿ
ڵıﵽ˰ҲǰʵˮŻɢƣѾڵĽһû񲻶ϵĽȻÿһƼ벻ʱͻƣߴۺȴǳ˽
ڤ죬սģӱʮʵʩչһսļ룡
߼УеķٶױȣзжһУԳʱٵķС
棺񷢶ǿĻ湥ڵĻԷһУпµƻ˵Ǻڷ˵ǿս
죺ս湥ıܵ˺ġ
ˮЦˣܲЦڵĻڷ¹ʹﵽǧѾڵĽһʱˮе㻺ϾѾ̫ʱûвսˡ
ڤ򣺷򹥻һ̺ſµı
ˮ̲סȵͣһ¹ﵽǧһǾȻֻܹĿ꣬ȴ޴Ǿ޴뵽ʶɫˮһĹӦҲǳ¡
ˮоѾʼһո²ιɣһξ˸ڤѪҲǿǰӣܵ˺ʱɵļԡɹһɱ䣬ʵһ

񻶿ķţΧˮţһκˮʶˮҲǾȣΪ˺ܶࡣ
ˮ֪ܻܲ˲֪Ͼﵽ޲ܳΪɣɲܻˣ̾Բˣǿ޶ⳬͬ
ˣԺͻȻӿ죬ˮоӵеˣ˺̫ˡ
ǿսɱĽշħ̤սȶǲĿսڤԴﵽֲĹǲ֪Ժ󻹻᲻
յʧȥЧˮе㱯磬ÿ춼ֻϣյʯͻƣĻˮţݳΪĴڡ
ʱˮ뿪ɾѾһһʱ䣬ӵʱ䣬ӵʱ䣬Ϳٴνɾˡ
ͻһ⣬ľϲʵ̫ˣԺͽͿһսˣҲԽԽˡ
Ȼûˣȴǻڣˮ뿪ʱ֮Ȫ


1263 ɽǿľ
ˮ֪ǲһԵĶҲû뷨ȥڷͨڿԿƻͨ磬ʳ磬һķ羰ߡ
ܺãԿŮӣѤȹճˣܶڴ֣·ȴǲǳԼ磬ҲһԼ徲֮أ˵ཻ֮ء
ʱһȥˮǰϸĵʲôҲʱһŮҲ֪㲻ˣ֣żһգ󲿷죬ŮϧʱԼ˵ûɫ붼ףڲ֪һְʾһʲôԷ붼֪һʲôоֵֻܹʱ̫ˡ
һֻ䣬ڣɹˣ뵥Ҳֵסջ󣬾һδµŮڽӴõĸоװģŮָоǻҲȫﵽָо
Ҳһ־飬Ϊⷽľ;飬ȻҲ˵ڲã˾ʧȥĶԶȥ
ŮɬΪ᲻ԾԼǰǵ۳ĵ۳Լˡ
뷨ܵģȻԼ뷨뷨ȴĳ֣ʹͬĹⶫòòܣʹܸо۳Ͳǰĵ۳ˡ
ܿڶ͵ˣˮֱٴνɾ
񰲾ķھ޴ͩϣǿˮ⣬ܵˮɾ㻶һˮк
޵ǿߣЩҪˮоиҪǣߵĻԵȥЩ£ϾѾԼص˼ά
ʵʱҲٵܿ죬Ǿ֮еҲľԭ
һϹǿĶѸһ飬ˮóģк֮ǣڻе㼤ģһΣһȫġ
ģīϷĶںǰӱ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ˺ܶ࣬һ˳һľ͵һСˡ
һ׼֮ˮſʼںϣҲ谭ˮʲô
֮ǵӲȡܶȱʯй֮޲ˮڵʵ֮ǻǸ⣬ںˣȻЩѣǿġ
ʮ죬ˮŽ֮ڻȻ󽫴õľĻķŽһƬˮһĺ֮ҺС
һ̾һ麣һһӽ֮ǵҺ꣬ˮûͣһֱû濾žġ
ĵ͸ºͱǽеһƴֻƾˮ֪Ǻö͸һ㲻ܾ˵Ǻö͸µĳ壬¼סѥӵȣֻҪε͸¶Բ
ˮԼʶչһֱմú֮ǵҺȫڽУϤĹɢʱˮЦˡ
ڳɹʣγһʱ䣬ɢȥʱˮĵͦ˳ˮʱʹʯóɹӲ١
ˮо֮ʯʯӦҲǺͽ߲ݡ߲һĴڣϾٷְٳɹе˼ֶһУ٣ˮҲȷ
ڵľģˮҲͲĶˣæͨȥ
ģ
ݴ½ǳƬ;ƶɣĪ
ٶıļıʵҲֺսС
ǰٶļٶıļı
У߶ģУ˲佫ﵽһֱϵ֮⣬ǰ弶ɽÿʹöʮΡ
ЯΧһ֮ڵһ壬˺Լ
ʹ۵ȼ
ˮʱĿĲԱٶˣСڵһԭڵıҲһڷɣٶµģΨ첻ƣֻҪٶȴﵽûƲĶ
ٶӣȴǼ٣ˮɽˮֻƾܸܳܳģЩˮĵģĵǾС
һȴĺǰһˮΪһʹ϶һԼˣӵҪԶԶ֮ǰġ
һÿʹöʮΣǾǧڴѧ̫ˣˮоȥҲоеˡ
ĵǿҪȻʱҲźܴĹϵʱʱһģ˺֮λҪʮꡢʮʶϰҲ˵һЩʱͻĶеô򵥣ûѵ͡
һεĺ֮ǲˮ׬ˡ
ˮϾģһУͷ·һ˸оվڱıĴһһָо֪Ϊٶԭ
ϾɾϤͻȻӵٶȣٶһֿУǰһЩ˶ʲôģʵһָ١
ʱҲˣˮ뿪ɾˮͻ˷ʹʱ䣬ͦƵģãһҲһΣÿγֶĺôӦøоġ
˵¥ĶζУԵ㶫һϰߣʵﵽμʮ첻Զûκ⣬Ϊտее裬Զʵһܣرǿһ㶼ǳζƷҪŮһ
극ϢһˮʳǾ¥ŻʳǶȥڱ˵õʱ仹Ҫһ㣬ˮߵʱ򿴵Ѿˡ
ô磬ûгٵɣ
ˮЦ߹ȥ
ûУˡ
ܽЦ˵
ƵѶǳɹˡ
ˮ˷ƿó
ôࣿ
ÿƿһš
ˮˡ
ֵ֪ҩһƿһŵģ˿ѾԶԶҵˡ
ؽһƿĵ˵һߴ򿪡
̫ˣȻǸǿҩʦǸƿһƿвС
ؿˮе㲻˼˵
ˮһˣСѾͷ֪ͦģЦ˵žˣҲϲѶ
УĿţһһ룬Ѿռ˴ˡ
ؼ˵
ˮҪţŸ˸أȥͣˮǾܾˣڻĻߵ̫
֪һ߽Ϊ˺Һ͵ңˮߵʱ˸һϽѪ飬Ҳһֽãûҵ˲ʲô
ʵˮˣţǿʵ֮ϵԵģ൱ĲʱҪֿţһ޳
ˮǸоСһΪãڵ㡣
еˮڸظӵףҪغһģϼ죬ʳڳһ䡣
ǴʳǶõ˻ԵԲ֪ҲǶĻ˺øУϾõ˲Сĺô


1264 ռ۳
ˮڻʳڲͣգ⼸Ѷˣŵҩٶȵɺ͹ٶȵɣ֮ϾģȻǰٶһˮر⡣
ٶ͵һʵҲӺܶ࣬ٶӵʵʱ򲻻ֱʾɱȴǻӣڵľɽԼʵٶȹĿ꣬ٶȡıٶȵĻӵĿ¡
һٶɽʵҲ˺ܶ࣬ͬնҲǵʱˮҲԸ︡Ѷԭ
ǸԸ˵һֳԶԸԼǲԸԼҲ취ȡһŻţϾٶȶһ˵ʵ̫Ҫˡ
ʱˣҲԽԽˣˮֱʹþźڵķȥϣ۳֣ܳڴеǡ
ţһˣٶȻǺģ֪ţݵʵоôʱҲ죬оԼǺ˵ġ
ȻصڵʱѾ֮ˣ˺ȻܵһĽˮжһŮӡ
ŮӳĺƯͺ櫺񣬵һ£۾Ҳ΢΢еģһװǵĸӵĵˡ
ǳ
ˮ²ŮǺǳǸڵŮӣΪˮϸܵһϤϢ
ˮҸܣǳҽ㣬û뵽ˣô硣
櫿ĵ˵
ã
ã
ˮĺͶԷ
Ѿ֪ˣɱ㣬ҪҰǿˡ
ǳЦſżɽ˵
ŶҪллǣҪȥСڶ֪˭æء
ˮ˵Ҳʵ
ÿʵûǣûеңȻûʲô赲ĽŲ
ǳЦ˵
ǳˮ۹ߡ
ˣ֪СûУ
ˮʵһֱʱǳʱʵġ
Ӧÿˣ಻͸ûˡ
ǳ϶˵
仰ˮ̤ʵ˺ܶ࣬ǲ֪۳᲻֣뿪ʱˮ֪ʲôΣ֪Ѿûм˰ɡ
뵽ЩепԪˣƺʲôˮʶϾǰĹ꣬ǰһõм꣬ܽסмˡ
ˮ˼֪ڵһǲ͸¶ģҲͲˣɱԼ˵ǳ͸˵ˡ
ˮȥһǵģȣϧǲ֪򣬶ƺרŵ·ߣֻܴͷ
ʱڼ尾жȹˮڸ߿գĴչһûĽǣУ۳֣оԼֳܲסĸо۳֣Լ᲻Ƶɱͺ˵ڵλá
ǰŮֿ˵ý棬Էֵ飬ˮվڿеȣһͿʼ̫
ǵˮ֪ǳ˵ǲǵ졣
ˮûзԼôˣһƺҲȲˣ뵽һЩ˵еǿ߶ɽһо٣Լһ˵˿ˮ뵽ЩЩ£Լ٣Լˡ
ͻȻˮ۾ϷиڵƶٶȺܿ졣
ˮĸоеѪҺҲһʲôҲ룬ֱӴ߶У˲ǸڵǰĲԶ
ˮǾ޴ʱһƬȣȻóʱûмˣˮǿԿ϶ǵ۳ֻ𽡣
ֻǱǰֻ̫ˣɢҲǱǰǿ̫ˡ
ǺˮĻһѪֵޣеǱܾ޴󣬵ȻֻˮĻ̫ˣǱҲǲ磬Ҳ٣ˮܾȣҲһˡ
ˮٵĿӰһǵɱˮĿûֱͣӿһŮˡ
ӰһϤĸоĵǰƺõ˹ȣתھ޴ľϲ
Լ˼ҹǵӰԼ׷ţݵǵӰһµ֮ߣɢǿ
۳
һѩ׵Ĺɴٸ߸һѩ׵ķУһȾ
ݻǱѩ׵ɴס¶һ˫譸ǳ׵Щ֮ơ
һЩ׺µƺǣҲһҶĳѳ
ǰȵ۳û̫ı仯ָоȴǱˣһİҲеôңԶӰһֱٴǰǰ
лС㣬Һͳȥ󸮰ݷãл
ˮЦŵɱ˵
ˣκң˵׬ˣӭ㵽ʱҼңȸǡ
ɱЦ˵Ȼ͵۳ͷ뿪ˡ
ˮŵ۳߹ȥӼ浽û۳˵пһìܡ
һžˡ
ˮЦ˵ʱѾߵߡ
ˮ
һˮеˮеŤسɵ֮ǰһ̫ɬˡ
ϾѾþûˡ
㽫ˣҲµ͸Ͻ׼ʵֻŬðżһУ˶Ҷ֣Ի˵ʵһ֮ǰ׵
ˮ˵
ˮ˵Ż˵۳ڱ仯ģ֪ˮʱﻹܶʵΪԼˡ
۳ʵﾳѾƽʵѾϾǿ˻вٵģˮĻ
ˮȻķӦֻͣһ¼˵ǱȻ˵޵Уܴҵģϻû˭֪ʲôҲ㲻ϣǴϢ壬ֺ¼㲻ʶңٰɱˣֻܷʱ㲻ңҾͰⱲӱߣҵŮˡ
ô᲻أɱ㡣
۳˵۽һʪ󣬻һЦ⣬һۣìܡ
ˮŵ߹ȥֻס֣Ϥĸоˮһƽ۾һգգĿ·Ҫʱ䲹һ
۳˫֣ǰָоܺ£ѡ뿪ʱӳеӰҲϤĸоһĻ
ˮڲõӼˡ
ҺԵġ
ˮں˵۳ҲˣûԼӦûУȻһ֣ܿͻָ
һĵӼ˵Ļֻ뿪ڡ
۳˵
Ҳ뿪ŷںá
ˮʵЩֹµǸģŮమõ飬ʲôȨᣬˮоڵ˾Ǹ˺ŮˣΪǵķ񶨰顣


1265 ۳ı仯ڻ
ˮڲõӼ˵Ĺ涨һӼǰ뿪ڣҲ׼й¶κϢȻᱻ׷ɱ
ڵʥŮһҪ׸ɣˣȻ׼뿪ڣҪżˣʥŮҲУгϻ̫ϳϻǣƣһ֮סڡ
۳ˮҡҡͷˮѾûлͷ·ҪţǼ⣬ҴҵȻˣҪǶҪ
ɵѾͷҵŮ˭Ҷôŷˮںϻ˵͵۳֮ʵͲһǷޣѾʶ˫޹һˡ
㻹˭Ҳ֪㲻˵󻰣Һϲڵڡ۳Ц˵
ڵ˭ȥ˵˵涨ģǻġ
ˮо취ԣϾڵڹصˡ
ͣڿУˮ͵۳վ𽱳ϣŵ۳ֻ֣ɿȥҿ۳ɴ۳ҲûֹǳЦſ
ϤգĸգŽסûģ۳§Ĳӡ
Ҫ
۳Ϊ̫ˮܺϢ
ˮ֪ʲôʱɴģʱӦûдҲţϾ۳ŮӣһۻϾˡ
ȻˣԸڵĻ˵ȻҲڿ򡣡ˮ˵
Һܺõģϧˣ˵㣬ûк۳̾
˵ң㵱ʱǴԺݻǻоһˮȤ
ģ֪һҵģֻû뵽ô죬㲻ңҲȥģⱲҵġ۳Ц˵
˵ĻǸˮܴĳģԾĽıסľҲܲˣ꣬ȥ
аա۳Ц̧ͷˮ
Ϊ㣬ҲаաˮЦ˵
ǺãҴȥûĻһһ뿪ڡ
ҵŮ˺áˮĵЦ
֪ߣ˭Ůˡ۳һۡ
ٺ٣ԹˣߣھȥҵŮȥˮ˵һ̸оܿ֡
ӶװЩ˵˵жŮˡ۳ζĿˮ
Ǽ֪Ҳˡˮе㲻˼˵
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۳ЦˣҾʣʲôжŮҲŮˣҲߣ˿ȥҡ
ˮŵ۳֪ģε˵ģҳ˲뿪ңһᾡŬҸ
ˮ֪۳Ȼûб仯е仯ҲԶŮҪһԼĶʽ
ˮ뿪ڵģҲҪһʽˣڵĹظһġ
֪ҲŻ۸Ȼһҡ۳˵
ˮͷջ̴ʱ۳ҵĶ㿪ˮϡ
ˮڻڵʥŮ֮۳ߺ˵š
ʲôʱͲ֮أˮҲûйֵʲôеεʵ
ʥŮĶԲ֮Ȼڽֹ˲óɻ飬ȴûнֹڵӱ֮
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Ĺ涨ˡ۳˵
Ǿ˵͵͵ҡˮ仰˼ˡ
ɣ
ڵ̣ڵӱɶˣҪӻˮ߷ߵ˵
ȥģ˵ʲô۳ȴЦˡ

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Ѿ׵һԶŴʹʱӦû
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ҪǲܰǶӵʵһطҲǶô뿪
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ˮȻ֪۳մˣȻֱֻķ鴦ʮָһգ֬ԾˣȻɫ䣬ǿߵ·ǺܵģʲôҲ㡣
۳ɫ΢İˮ
ҲǺܾû۳뿪˺ܶ飬ȻˮƺѴЩʹ˻ߵò̧ͷ
ˮֲϵԶ治۳ˮһ˿ڵʥŮ㽿ߵһ˵Ļﱻ˸֪ᾪ˵۾
Ǹ߿գܸߣ𽱳ϣ޵ëһȾ
ˮ֪ʲôʱѾס˵۳̴ڣһֲֻͦ塣
۳ӲӲȴûֹˮ
ˮ͵۳Ӳıϣ̰˱ŵ۳̴еĽҺ඼˱һֻ쵽ǹɹС
ˮҪӦңҪҪңԺġ
۳˵
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۳糺⿪Լ£⿪£һԱͦεѩ嵯ʱˮ̾ѾҪһ𺳵
ѩ׻ûһ覴ãһգ˷۵ͦɢջ󣬵۳۾ҿȴֲ䡣
ˮЦסһסֳǿңŵ۳ĴһͦΣĺס˵ķۣһˬˮоһֱ裬ǽѪ˲ս۾
ʱʱ䣬Ȼû浶ǹʵ浶ǹҲûʲôˣοǰʶ˫޿浶ǹˡ
һ𣬵۳ϻߺ죬ˮǺ㣬˫ֻİŵ۳֮ͦ
ˮʲôΪˡ
۳ˮϣֱˮؿڻ֡
ʵаɣ߰ǧʵҲκβҡ
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Ǹ̥Ժʲô𣿡
ôţݾǲ㣬ˣ˺ܶ࣬һҲ֮ǰĸײŸҵģǸҽ׵˷ĹǿյģҲݣǲ֪ĸݣпûԽҪΪĸס


1266 ڣɱ
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ǰأ
۳ˮ˵
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ˮֻɢһ𵴵ƽѣЩľջĿ⣬ˮǾĲֵˡ
ϣôưﻹôᡣ
ˮʱȻ˲۵վѭȥڴżһϢˡ
ˮüΪĻˣڸоӦòǣӴأоЩϵĹǻе֡
Ǵڵˣ
ˮûü˵۳ȴüǼ˵
˵Ȼ֪Ǽ˵ݣȻ֪ǵݾǸ缸һɡ
еһ۹һ˿̰Ŀŵ۳
۳üû˵ˮȴֱ˵԰
ˮֱǰĻϧûƺⲻӰԷûеȶԷӦˮֱӸһ˹ȥ
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ˮ֪⼸˵ʵǿҲֻǺǿҲͲǧʵǧʵѾǺǿǿˣԶֱʹ˾ټˮϵ裬ʵǺ׵ġ
ĶΧˣ۳Ҳһ㶣ܿƽˣʲôҲ˵վˮߡ
ôĵӣǶ֣СүɱȫҾͲ
һѾͷټϳѪǲҲ̶á
ˮһ䣬ӰһһȭӰΪһʵʵȭͷһڴвˡ
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ֹЩʵвٵģϿǿʵжǿΪ֪֪ǿһܡ
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ʥʯָʵϱС
žϽѪʲôƵõѶҲţ֮ǰˮİһһѾ˿ˡ
۳Լе㲻ŵĿԼڵʵڵʵǧѾǳǿˣԺӺܶࡣ
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ˮҽ˵ɱѾǵҵĶˣһǰҾǼеһЩ˶Գл
ˮڵʵҲǰ˵ҵæԼҵһЩҲȻϾʵǣǿߵﶼǺصġ
۳ݸ˵ˣڵʥŮݾԹǿںͬǿ󣬶ڵʥŮ⽫Ҫһλġ
ˮ͵۳ʸõôΪеɱԭˮ͵۳ȻܿԾӡ
ҲҳܣȻҶÿ
棬õϯǵҵɱֱϵϯʼһʱ󣬴ҲͰʱʱ䣬˾½뿪ˣֻʣˮ۳͵ɱˡ
Ǵô죿
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㻹ڵﰡǿɲʥŮġ
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Ҿʹ뿪˭ңҾʹ
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ˣ㣬أô죿
ɱ۳
˰꣬Ҳ֪ôģһҺվһ𡣡
۳ɵЦ
ɱڸое޷⣬ε̾ҸôһԿ𣿡
ˮ͵۳һ㶣۳æ˵Ҫɵ£ˮһҲ뿪ڵģͺúõģôҡ
ҵˮȵã˵һѡ𣿡
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㱳ǵңľ͹ˣǵģаա
ˮЦ˵
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ҪڼŲٻظǰ
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Ըصǰѡ׵㣡
ɵ椣Ҫˣ㲻õģҵʵӦȻʱǵһ鷳Һͳô뿪
ˮһ˵
ɱǴӦˣˮû뵽ҵ۳ȴǳһ鷳ڻ治֪ôӦɱȻʣһֻܵȼ˵
ǸڣˮʱţҲ޷ˣãʱҲûд뿪ţݣߺ黹ҪһΰãϣԼͻơ


1267 徲ľȫƻ
ˮ͵۳ڵҲ֪ľ͵ڣɱˮҪڹǰϻѧԲ˷ÿһľС
ɱˮôᶨҲûټ֣·Сġ
ˮǱǺֱʹ˾Уŵ۳һʮεǰȻ۳֪һζԶ֪ԶȵĿˮ
ԺһžݣеĵطֱӹȥͿˣĵطЩʱ䣬Щطֱӹȥĺá
ˮһεľĺô޿ɹƵġ
һʮεľ֮гԼĻīɫĺһֵ۳һֶһֻޣ
ֻֻҲû뵽Ҫһԡ
ˮŵ۳ȥ˵
㣬컬ġ
۳Ѿϰ˱С˵ĵϷҲֻС˸ϷԼϲģЩǰŬȻòһʱͻ˫̰Ķ㣬ֻã˻رᡣ
ҵͷô
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۳һ죬ˮûа취˺зִ磬Ըõİ취ǲ⡣
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뿪ڵĻȥѧѧҲƿ
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ǰ˵Ů˲ûҵŮ˲̫ˣŮ˶֪Ϊ̫˾ͻΪƿƿ־ãҲήͣˮȻȫͬҲǸое۳֮ǰ˵޷Ǿǲƿѡ
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ĳҲѧҴƿѧģȥ˾͸ˣҵĸˡ
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۳ˮǵϹ͵⡣
һΣһ磬ÿֻȢһӣȢǲģҪ͵͵ģֻһ֣εĺܲһŮҲûУûϲҡ
ˮŵ۳ĽһЩ˵κԼܣֻԼĶ
ɾֻҪһ첻ܽȥˣˮҲԶĲ˵֪ɾܲסˣоס˵Ŀǲ󣬵ҲûС
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Σ෴ģܺʧȥǵȻҲˡ
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ˮ˵ɽҲе飬ą֮̃仹ûʲô
֪ɫѾȫˡ
ȥϢһ°ɣϸ·
ˮĻ۳ɫе㲻Ȼǵͷ
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ˮᳵ·°
С쵰徲ľȫƻˡ
۳Թ˵ҲֹԼ·УǴħһ˫֡
˻֮࣬Բͬ޾ΪնԳԶ˵кΪһײޣʬһ㣬ǸõĿԼԼԼ
ˮŵ۳һ˵
ЩҶˡ
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£ұ֤ȥ
ˮ˵ͷǾӨĶת
ͷҾ͸
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ȥɣ
۳ƿˮˮǱȫֻǹؼλñסˣ֪ˮ˵ʲôǾ仰ܻţܿ졣
оԼˡ
ˮ֪ŮſҪܳʱ䣬Ѿһ޴ĽˣҪһڿڳԡ
ˮ۳ȥȴǱ۳⣬ˮƤĿ˵۳һŻصԼ
ɾѰʷֻҩޣɾֲٶȿ࣬ҪҩЧˮѾ׷ˣֻҪҩЧ°ʮҲС
ϧҩ޵ļ𻹵͡
֮ȪѾ˲٣ġСôˣֻǵײԲ׶һԲǺܶ࣬Ҳˣⶫ̫ˡ
ˮһǴɽͱǽ
һνȥˮ۳¶һϧһûôˣûгΪ˵ҲûгΪõ۳ġ

ǰˮ͵۳صѧŴľ޴ˮһƺһϤҲʶˡ
ˮŵ۳صԼׯԺһſھͿ۳ʱŮڶԷϴ
ϲ㣬˳ˡ
΢Цˮ˵
ãҽŮǰ㶼֪ٴˣڴ͵Ҳֻɡ
Цŵ۳к
ãҽе۳˵ĺ֪ҪˣҾǿԼһҲҲ
۳ǰסŮ˵
ǰһ棬һϤУʶܾúܾһ
ҲָоҪǾͽơ
۳֪ŮԺҲ߽ˮԸɴֱ˳ˮһѡ
֮ã
ˮʱǸоŮ˵˼ҲܿļԼԼҲ֪۳ΪԼҲҲΪԼ
ֻһСɷ褡߹

ɷˮĵֱܹ§Ųӹˮϡ
۳ɷҲһ㶣۳֪ŮҲûô
褺߹ǿܺͳ¸ǧľˣǿˮоǺô޸


1268 κҪ
ѾͷҸܣӵ۳ǼһŮɷɣ
ˮЦɷŵ۳˵
ʲôмģҪ˵ôɣʦã
ɷˮֹһŵ۳Ц
ɷЦݿɲôÿģǺˮر׽ˣȻġ
۳ɷЦɷãԺͰҵԼˣʲô˵ľͺ˵ֻҪһòá
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ɷѵô
ʦÿ۹湻ߵġ
ɷֹ˵ȴǿΧ˶
ˣҶȥɣѵýҲǸСԲˣЪţҸ
ˮǶȥ
úãҪ㣬þûķˡ

ˮֻǺܿģ۳ҪģȴǱˮܾˣһ˵˵㹤Ǻɵġ
һӣ˵һˮԵҲˣ꣬ŮѾԱˣ㿪˵ѧô
ʲôҲûб䣬ﻹе仯ġ
Ц˵
Ŷʲô仯˵
ˮҲǺ档
ʥӰѾ䣬콣콣衣
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С쵰ûˣҪҲŮġ
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ˣˮҪסǰ˵ĻЩİɡ
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ǰϵŮˣǲģȻŮ֮ҲȫǢദʵˮڶȷļŮ֮ûʲôҡ
ԲûǸ˼
ɷ褺߹Ѿ뿪ˣˮŵ۳ͳڳɳϻ˵
Ҳ֪ˮûǸ˼֪Ϊʲôǰ͸оίоһ³Ҳֲ֪ʲôʱʼˮеӰѾô
˵ԲСˡ
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һ̾Ҳ֪Ϊζ̾ȴˮеܣΪ۳
ûСҾϣ㲻Ҫ뷨ûκεΪҲԺκս¶Ȼ˵ΪŮ˳ƥ֮Ѫ岽òֵҿΪôҲԸ⿴ܵί
ˮ˵ֻǽġ
Ҫ˵ˣ˵Щʲô
ǷһЩ
۳һЦſˮԲһȴǺܽܽĽӽˮС쵰
ˮǰ˵Ļе㲻˼ģòеô飬˵ϰߺܿ£ǰˮôҲ˵ĻҲһŻһֶ
ûܶ˶֪ƭ˵ģȴǶԸŮǸԶƾ粻֮ܰŮƭĹġ
˵ˮǰ˵Ļƭ˵ģ˵Щ˵ǺҪϾֻԷ²۲޵ģԻҪԺжʾ
һһҵǾɫļˣǧһʳ̻һˣӵұʺϤ˲ࡣ
ÿʱˮܸое㲻ʵȻ˵Ůǧ򣬵ӵ֮һѾ汲£ߵŮѾڰļˣʱҲŮˣϾСʱǸȴһ˵ꡣ
ʱһֱǸĻĴ½ҸһŮ˶ѣϹŴ֮һжʼ仯һĬĬķһСɳڣͷе㲻˼飬Ҳס
Ҳʮķܶڴ½ǰʱѾˣ붼ел㱡
һ˼άˮǰ˼άټǶ˵ͬ˻һЩϾڴ½仹ᣬǰĶʮ껹Ҫᣬһ˶ῼ̫࣬Ҳһִͳϰߡ
ԭˡ
ˮЦſų
ֲʲôˣԭ²ԭʲôϵء
΢Ц˵
ˮҡҡ֣۾ҲҰοգգֻгĿ⿴һ᳤Ͳĵͷ
Ҳ֪ģⱲֻҵŮˣͶ˻ʵܡ
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ģҲͶĻҲͶ˻˵ռôǿ𣿡
û˵
ⲻռ⣬һҪ֣˵Ը𣿡

Լί˾翳֣ôšſɫҲûж˵ʲô

ģȥԺ
ˮŵ۳ͳ˵
ŮͷʵҲûʲôĬģϾˮмŮˣ۳ҲȻҲ֪Ƕ֪Ӧò٣뵽Ů࿴ҲЩ
ûǰû뵽
ˮֱӽԺɫ˺ɫʨƺԶôУһߺȲһ壬ˮ󣬿ĵĴкˮȥ
˰ˣˮ裬ϻ衣
үӣҵĲȺȣô
ˮ˵óɾĲ裬ɾˮˮɾ˵ǸмȴһСһĴڣˮ峺ɽȪһˮһֱʳǸˮ
СһɾʱֵģӦǡۡˮرСĺ۰ɡ
ˮȻղôʤڶǺöԺܿλ˸ܵеȵһں޲ڡ
ˮƷϻ治ô֪ġ
ںȲϵѿǺģϾĲ裬벻ͨ˵ѡ
ǸŮϵϢڵġ
ɫ˿ˮЦ
ŶڵʥŮҲҵӣҾʹȥڸ˵壬ʲôƹأȻõӳɻ飬ȱ¡
ˮһ߰˵һ˵
Ƿһ㿪ġ
ɫһ㶱Ц˵
Ŷүʶ
Ȼʶʱ˼ƭ˸飬ǼһҲǧУֻ֮Ҳˡ


1269 ͳһţвеͨ
ˮһ㶣û뵽ԭһεǱԼµˣȻǸ˹Ůˣǰ˺жϣڵĴͳ
ֻǲ֪ڱ˺֮ǰڵģǱ˺֮ڵģЦſˣڵжǿ
Ȼ˵пܺԼԼϣ֪ԷĴʵʱԼæҡ
ǿģҲļǿ֮һǧʵһ㡣
ɫЦſˮ
ŶҪʵͼˡ
ˮЦ˵
ʵ𾪣ˮʵң֪ˮ˵󻰣ǧʵ߾Ȼֱþ޷ж˵˺ܶࡣ
ڻиʥԺһӦǧǧ֮Ϲһǲֵģʱ򡣡
ѵ˵
ˮ֪ϢһҲ֣⣬ͬҲ֪ѧ
лүӸ֪һС
˰ڰ֣úǿһ˲˵һ֪㽫ĳɾ;ԻԶԶѧǻϣܰѧ󡣡
үӣģ˵ģҿԱ֤ѧӺԶݶѧĴڡ
ˮ˵
ãŮʲȸǲҲ˵ֻҪŮΣϼһԸ˵̫ϳš
ɫЦ
ţŮӲѧҶᾡġ
ʲôˣǳɾˣȻ֪ô죬ѧֻ䵽ŮϲŻᷢΪǲۻĻˮŮ֮ĹϵһǷޡ
үӣ֪ţȫͳһвеͨ
ˮʵһֱھ⣬һûбҪôߡ
еͨȻеͨ㣬Щ˿⣬ţͳһбҪǸؼ
ɫòŻ˵
˵ĻˮҲĬˣ˼ɵúܿ죬ҪͳһţѡҪţͳһѧϺɽڻԼһļ
ѧ˵ܿܣϺɽô죬̨诡̶ڣ̨读ϯӣɽأ
ƺҲÿУõ۳һѵɱأԼòƾʶһأ
ˮҪͳһţûеô򵥣ϾԼǾԵģˣϺɽǫ̂诹ƲӦԼġ
ˮþʱѽѣɽǰ·ûбҪ̫࣬뵽Ҳƽ
ҪѧȰšһǰ˾Իġ
ɫ˺ɫʨ˲ûдˮĬĬעˮǵľȻҲܲ³š
һˮ̧ͷˣʵҲ֪ǰŷ˵ԪʵˣȻҲôҵѧˡ
˲ǴﵽԪļޣʵ߲˵жԪܻ٣˵Ԫܶ˶䡣
֮˺ܶ඼аˣе޷εģԪһҲﲻҲǺ顣
ˣʵҲŻԪһ벻ϧеһЩʡһ׶α
һͻ᲻ʰһЩǿĵرһϴ跥ëϴĵرĻʹõõĻԪӳ
ˮ֪ԺǺҪˣһҲҪʱ䣬ˮֻðӳԪˡ
ţðŲȻ١
ɫ˾ȵĿˮ
ʵҲѣСӽǸλүٵġ
ˮЦ˵
ˮ˵ɣݴ½رǵΣʵϵߣ̫ˣҩֻҪپۣ޼ۣϾüһЩʱܸһЩʱıӣһһ
٣
ûĻλүӵԪƺ̫ˣҲΪʲôҽӹѧ˰ɡ
ˮƽ˵
ˣ֮ǰǼӴģϣ˳ϼ꣬Ѹеѣʵʼ㣬ҲоȲѧ⣬ʵҲΣء
˴ʱƺɵ˵Щ
Ϊʲôһһĵأ
ˮɻ˵
ԭĶ겻һһ֪ʲôطѧϼĵȻһļˡ
ε˵
ˮҲǣϾѧĻûм콣ɵҲԻѷɫһ㣬ҲΪʲôʥӰôǿơ
˵˵ȥ˵ԶˣĲ˵λүӰµԪûġ
ˮĻһ꣬ǶôĿ˵ԪԽԽһ̫ˣ궼ǺѺѣ꣬ôܣ
ˮ˵ֱȡƿݸˣóһЩ÷ơ
˿֮Ȫʱɫ䣬˼Ŀˮʼûʡ
еõһЩ֮Ȫ࣬ԲλүӶáˮЦ˵
ĺöܶģһѾǺˣˮˡ
˵жǲܵģ֮Ȫֶ֪̫ˣ˷Ҳж٣ֶһһΣκޡҰ޶ʹã඼ܣһɢǿһһҲס
֮Ȫֵֻ֮ĵطп֮ܳȪ
ˮɾ֮Ȫûˮͬ⣬ɾڵ޵ǲ˽ʳõġ
ˮⶫϼһҲֻܼӵԪˣе˷ˡ
ɫԥſˮ
ⶫȻ٣ҲмʮΣôҲֵõλүӷֵһΡ
ˮЦ˵
ˮ˵ҲûƴǣЦʹãǲˮĻʵԣˮٶܸ࣬ˮ⣬ο˲Ҫʲôġ
ҵƣƣһ޶ġ
ˮһ̳÷ơ
÷ƲֱԪȴǿΪλԪΪϴڵһЩ־ˮ˵ΪλԪ꣬ʵص˵ЧӸࡣ
㣬ƺǧˡʥƷеһƴˡ
˾ȵĿžӨ͸Һ壬Һһ㣬ȴ㣬һڸоһ֮⡣
𾪣
һ̳ƣ˵޼֮
ˮһ˵һҲһԪġ
ڷԽԽİˣΪˮ˵ⶫֻУ˵⻰ģǾ˵ֻһ𰸣Ƶģ洫ģǰ˵ǶƣƵݲƵģһֵĸоƵġ


1270 ֮ģеѶ
һˮ˵ĳǾ޴ģһ̳÷ȥ˵ֱͼӰЧǲģԶ׼ġ
û뵽ǻ֮ȵĶþƣĺþơ
Ϊѧĸȵĺþƿ˵ܶˣǷǧľҲǿԾȵģˮǧ÷ƻǵһΣҲֻǺúȣЧЧ
ˮɾ˺ܶ࣬÷϶ˮ÷ƣڿóĲ٣ֱһ˸ʮ̳
ŮԼ¶ƣ¶鷳Ͼҩϵ¶ռ٣̫ˣǼһЩȪˮҲбܼ̫ˮֻƺ١
ˮ֪ôһоʵжˣȻԿˮģҲ⣬ʵˮЩǻġ
ڸĸԸҲ
үӣԺÿһСʱ䳤ˣԪ̫Ĳ˵껹ûκ⣬үҲ뿴ѧĳɾͰɣ
ˮ˵Ҳ֪Чȥ٣Ҳܸܵ÷Ƶã˵֮ȪЧ˵ҲͼӰ
ǵԸܿѧǿǵԸ

үӣô
ˮҲˣʵ
ڣһҰĵɣʵһֱһ̵Ȼ̵ţݡ
뿴ˮ˵
̵ţݣôθڣ֪ûʵ
ˮһʵ
ҲڻûУڳ׿ԽĵӣһյֱϵǾǴȫǿ󣬿ʼʵʩǵĴ㡣
üȻҲܹ˼š
˺ܿ£
ˮ棬ӵģԲһš
ѱʦӵ֮ĵʣ˵ھѱ˲ٵĴɽޣǱҲǿĿ£䣬ڵʵѾǧ˵²£Ǳƺڿڶ밵ɱ
ǰûкˮ˵ڿ˵ˣֱԲ˵밵ɱ
ѱʦ
ˮҲһ㶣ѱʦоԵĿ£Ͼʲô˭Ҳ֪ټޱֻǿ൱ڼʮһǿѱʦһʱһ
ǵģˮһҪСģҲͳһţݣȻϣݡ
˿ˮ۾ϣ
ϷģҶԸǻеֶεģҲǸСѱʦҲʱԺҵһԴǵʮࡣ
ˮԼġյʯֻҪͻһĻһо޴õġ
Ǹʱ򣬾ͽͻͿöԷ޺һˣοˮо壬ѰСѰˮޣû˵ֲĺܡ
ѰѾѧ˼
ⶫٶȵģѰֻҪһٶȾ͹ˣǺöˮֱӡУֱѧģˮ޻϶ѧ˼
֪ʲôʱѧġһ֣ⶫҲǳǿĶҲһԵ壬ѧϰ
һѾǿˣˮٶϱǺܿˣ˼ǿޱȡ
㣬ڸоɣǾͲϢˣ԰һŮ˳Ҳѧ
˿˵ˮҲ֪ĿĴﵽˣЦ˵үؿ㣬ԺԻյʮʮĻر
ˮҲһ֤˺Ͳ˲ǹ¼ҹˣҲмģǼĺȻȴǲԽѧ˶˽ĵģֻûӵеģҪﷴǻ˴ûпԼҵ˽ѧ
ˮĻЦˣǲҪ˵ΪЩҪ˵Чãǰ֮һ㲻׽ǮرǽһʱʱȻжϳ˭ѣҲѹΪֺᷢܶܺõʵֻһѡ
ֻдԸŻİѡ飬ֻеѴʱ֪˭ѣ塣
˽˴ڵһЩˮʹǱˣڵʵҲѧǿһ㣬Ҳǿһ£ûʲôԵã̵ϣŵӣѾﵽһؼĸ߶ȣֻҪٹ߲ðͻɢҫ۵ĹâͳһţҲ׺ܶࡣ
ֻ꣬Ҫʮ꣬Ļʱ࣬ʱƾ֮ǿѱԼǿޡ
صԼׯԺʱǶڣĵ˵ʲôˮڵ۳ͳм䡣
ҪˣѧҲϲޱȣϰױˮĻҪ¡أﶼ꣬һĽա
ϾҹڳԷһˮںоһܡ
˻ȥߵʱ򳤹ŹֵĿˮһۣˮâڱһ˵ĸоǺ£ĿһԹֲˮҲ˵塣
ɷһ¥ˣ褺߹뿪ʱûʲôӦΪ߹ԼˮϲܲסС
뿪ˮŵ۳ֱׯԺеִԲҵĺߵŮ¹һá
ҸоĺƽѪҺȴǺܷڡ
۳߱˵
ѪڣǱá
ˮЦ˵
ǲǺԸ˵ЩåĻ
۳ͷˮһۡ
һ۷ޱȣˮҹ
ǵġ
ˮϴκͳˣʵҲΪ˵ЩԿİŮһ档
۳ҲʵҲͦɵġ
ţݵʵۼ㿴ôˮί˵
ͳһţݣ۳ȵĿˮ
㣬ֻƺеѶȡˮžȵĵ۳˵
һѶȣֻһѶ𡣡۳ˮƽЦʵ
ĿǰƺѶԴһ㣬ٵȵȣʱӦþֻʣһ˰ɣҪǽڻѧˮĿŵ۳
ԵĻһڰɣŮһ˾Ϳˡ
ȹٿɣȺһ˵ܲܺƽֻе㲻ʡ
ˣʵܺõģҲǸŮˡ۳̾˵
֮˱пɺ֮Ӧҵİɡ
Ů˶ܿġ۳ԹĿˮ
úãҴˡˮͳͶˡ
ˮȻҪڵ۳䣬۳ҲΣȻ淢ʲôˮԲŴƵıŹ⻬塣
ˮ̰̰Եĺӣ˫ָǰɽˮּ尾
۳еƭ˵ģˮ˵ܣҪҰɣҲ뿴尾
ˮһ㶣ŵ۳ЦҺһҲ尾Ҹо㻹û׼ãͻ֮ҾҪ㣬Ӻòá
ãھͲҪҶҿƲס
۳˵
ȻԴ˵ˮ߻


1271 ͷǱľż
˵ÿһŮ˶ǱʣеŮ˻úܶ˸оеŮֻһ˸о
ˮ͸о۳Լһ˵Ǿ޵պһЦһʤա
ˮ˵Żȵ۳˯źˮŻΪѾ˸ȥɾʱˡ
ڵʵˣһʱȹʵ˳ԵһЩҩġ
ɾһǿϤϢˮܰ㣬ԼһкܿģͽʵѸԵĸܵرǽٶˮо𺳣ӦǻдɣϾѪǺܴġ
ʱѾǧıʵٶȲȻɾʱԭʵʱҲǺ̡ܶ
ˮȵͷ룬ٶѾˮʶǧѾԵ֮һԵǲֿˡ
Ҳǵ߸Դԭͷ벽붥ԶѪȫѵԭʵ죬ȻȲϽ󣬵ȴԼʵһ
忴ǿͷҲڿϵޣʵһɣǿɣһǱڲ֮ࡣ
ˮܸоڵͷʵ֮ǰǿ˺̲ܶ࣬סͨȥ
ﵽƣҲʵһ֮ϲˣڲŶ٣Ŷ٣ˮ֪ͷһŸ߹Ѫֻǲ֪ʲô޵ĺ
Ԫͷ츳սõʵʮġ
ˮ֪ΪʲôͷǿԪһࡣ
ʴͷ뷢޵иǿĸʴճԣ͵˿ǵҲԿϣ˺˺
˿ƣͷԷһ˿ǧҾйƣٶȼ죬˿ճԺͶԸǿʵ屶
Ⱥ빥޵Ķǿ񣬿ĹߵΪͷ롣
Ⱥ빥Ҳ˱仯ˮ֪ˣߵЩ벻ܳϾͷߣһѹƺ͹
˿ɣսģٶʮ
˿ҲӰ˱ʮǱսˮˡ
ͷİޱȣżǿĶԺʹ͸Ч
ܣͷķǿ
ףͷıļ̡Լ˿ļ̡ճԼԡһ־ģ
׵ˮرģΪͷǿĿɱġ
ͷԪ´ﵽʮʵʴĹﵽʮ˿ƵĹԴﵽİʮ
ʵҲǲսеͷ뻹иףͷıļ̡Լ˿ļ̡ճԼԡһ־ģ
ͷĿԴﵽǧǧ࣬ڵͷʵӣԺͷǿǱȲϽͻӦҲѷɫ١
˵Ҫѷɫ٣ٶҲϾɾе֣ʱҲ㹻
ˮÿһ飬ûĻһܵˮѰһЩĶֻҪ⼸һˮоԼֱţݿԺֱײˡ
ڶˮɳȻһһ죬ΪҪģȻҲǳΪˮ׼ȥתתһһ֡
û£극ȡǳйô
ˮԷʱ
ð
ﶼˡ
ɷ߹æ͡
ڻǺ׵ģΧһˮһŵ۳һųŮŮΧһȦȻˮʹþС

ʹʮξ֮ˮ㲻ʹˣʣµĴҪŻȥģ֪
۷ȻҲǺܾǰģʵҲֻԼ֪ˡ
ѧ˸˵ҪСκһһֻҪĴУôָĴҲΪҪǿʲô̶ȣʷϲһһʵͻȻļ弶ʵĴڣȻЩʷأһ˵õȮ죬ܶಢǿѨ磬˵ʲôпܷ
شģһر𷱻ǱļʵҲûзʲô𣬼ڿ󷱻ֵϱ߱߿
ֵһϲգɫķαϲ˺ܶࡣ
ˮһڴϻǺ۵ģϾߵļŮӶǾɫѵһŮˮƤҲǺһ·ϵĽ˲ˣĽˮŮǼˮߵŮˣǼʱƯ
ˮ㿴ľż
ͻȻ˵
ˮһ㶣ľż뵽ϴļˣ̡̨ļˣǵõһιඥƺǰľż
ˮľżе
ˮľżҲǸˣǼˣȤܴˮЦ˵׽ϲľżȥ
΢Цŵͷʹڵ۳ͳڸ£ص
˳ɢĵģԼȻȤȻȥˮҲϲһֱһЩʲôģֻҪ뷨֡
ߵľż̯λǰǰŲǧľżǰ褺ʱˮſ̯λܶΧţ˽ǰŷֺܶľżִСɫеɫɫĲɫ
˺ϣܴ飬ˮһʥ˵ĸо̯λ󲿷СӣоŮ
ľżܾ£ֹۼһĿȻͨ˽⣬ˮ֪ЩľżԼ̵ġ
ˮֱҪϰٸһ˸չ˵⣬οľżĲ
ˮϲľżҪôࡣ
۳Ц˵
аɣԺ档
ˮЦſ
ˮ˵󣬵۳ȴúһ۲˵ȴһ˵ĸо棬رǺ֡
Сֵܣһȣ
ˮҪ뿪ʱ˽סˮ
ˮͣˣ˼ң֪ʲô¡
ҿСֵôϲľżﻹ汲µһЩľżûã͸ɡ
˵ݸˮһӡ
ˮ˺棬ʶĽӹӿľżӦҲ࣬һľż˺ܶࡣ
Ŵһˮסˣľżûɫʣܳ¾ɣˮǰʶʹͨ
ľżܣ
ľż˿ԵֵһĹ粻ֵͬͬҪעУҪ
ˮŲʮˮŵĿţĺö
˼ң̫ˣҲҪ
ˮϲİôĺôȻ֪ľżôԺܹء
Ȼ˵أ͸ˣԵ֣Ҳɡ
óһžɵ鱾ݸˮ
ľżܴȫ
ܶ׵һ


1272 ľżܣ깻
ҲţʲôˮͲ֪ˣ֪ôͽӹˣ˺ͨ嵹ǿȴǲǿߣһ߶ǣˮԿ˳ǡ
үүүү
ԲԶһССкͷԣСŮܻ飬ǲˮ˵ľżµģǾ˵ܾǰǼҲġ
ˮӹ˵ݵĶߵһѾνԵ֣ϾɱҲΪľżô֪˾ͲװͿ
óšСһ˵ҲûֹСӳԵĺܿģˮɫ·зԼдһΡ
ˮɾⶫĲ٣ΣֱӸһȻˮѻηȥҲǼ˾͸ֻҪˡ
۾˶ˮ𣺡˵˵ҸһǰһŮһʣ벻ԼҪˣΪ˲ע⣬ϾͲҪˡ
ˮһ뿪תűĵطȥ˿СһҲһڳ꣬δĿˮ뿪ķ
Ĺܼ˵汲ҲߣϧѾûܾˣǳ׵׵ûͨ˼ңһӣƽʱӺͶæ׬ǮΪƾͰһԶŮţľżҲС
ͲСˣһֱԼĶӻߺ似ΪܳͷأֻͨһǳĹһҲ޷ͻƺ졣
ڻ֪˸ԼʲôĹʲô磬оǸ˺ǲгڴ
Ϊ˲ɣһֱ̯ڲ뿪ģ
ˮ뿪ˣȻ֪ʲôοҲ룬ϾƼˮ꣬ԺĿԻûˡ
ǰˮû˵ľżôóΪΧˣЩ˿һЩƾɵľżûȤˣ̯λϵЩɫĺÿ

Щľżܺ𣿡
۳޵ľżЦʡ
ľżǿľżߵֵһĹֻնٲ֪Ӧú;⡣
ˮЦ˵
ŶնˣǺöǲһֱգ
۳ƺȤ
ӦǰҪйÿεֵҪķֵԽ࣬ķѵԽ࣬ˣʱûЧˡ
ŶҲ
۳˵
ȥоﲻʺϡ
ˮֱӽЩľżɾ
ҲһСľżһɫģСľżֻƸߣõľͷǰҵͨľͷǰľͷһ˻治ңϺףһץһѡ
ϸżеطֲڣȴǲӰۣɫֲҺȾãϸҲʲôСģȻҲ԰ʲô浱Ʒ

䣬͹ȥˣߵĵҲԶ·Ҳûгʲô飬ҵЩһСԽϳһЩ
ˮϲСԽϳԶգСԺͷ˲ֶͬԵĺܲرģȻСҲĺóԺͲóԵģؼ͵ϣԵĻ㲻
ˮľԼʵҲСԣƺоרһ飬ԺԼϾԼϣȶС
ҵʱСһһЩ򵥵ĳԵģʵҲСԡ
ԼߣǿԿСԷС꣬ҲֻˣֻΪԼߵ
ʱһٴλصѧʱɫѾ̻ܿһ̻𣬽Ǹ̻
ѧΧų̻ģѧųԺΧſʼ֣վͥԺпſԽԽѤ
ϧûߣˮеСźӦҲԼɣҴʱҲڷ̻ɣҲðɡ
ˮҲ뵽˼ӣԼ׻ǲְǷ˺ܶˣȴǶԹ޻ڣŬҲΪԺܸõž׼
ǿľżɣһ̻ÿ
ˮЦֱóľżܣһһ
ľż࣬ǹӵɫѡ
ˮֱýԼһ£ȻľżܵȥʱһĸӦľżһӱþ˺ö࣬ˮ֪ǿ󣬶ΪǴء
ˮԴ䣬ڻûо磬ҲûֵܵٹȻŮͬȻʼʲôġ
ֶֻܴǸ߾ģ֮󣬾Ҳʧָԭʼ״̬
ˮֶ֪߾ֿܵһɵйǲˣһɾǺܱ̬ˣƾҲǺ
ôԵҲԷһɵĹľżֵܵһɵĹĻʵҲͱĵڽĽշħˣˮоľżܵľ粻ôˮĿҲܵɵĹҲˡ
ԽǿΥĶԽЩһԲҲ֪̫̬޺ʥеʥҲֻܵһľҲ
ѾǾԵڣϧֻԾ
ľż˫ص˺һҲǿֲĴڣҪľҪߣյʲôĹƻҪ
ʱ䣬һҲǸٸҲĻǶơ
ɫѾȫе̻ãǱձȾ߲ɫˮͼŮͤΧʯŲ裬һ̸оá
ţݵĵڶͷˣ꣬оֻţݣʱϣͳһţݣʱţΪݡ
ˮ֪ԼܲУʱҲ֪ˮ˵ѾܳʱˣʵӦͻͽһ£ޣѧΪӦùˡ

ʱܿ죬Ѿȥˣ⼸Уľżܴﵽһ磬߷Ȼʵ飬ֵܵٷ֮һĹ
ٷ֮һ࣬˵٣Ժ󾳽ǲǿԴﵽٷ֮壬ܴﵽٷ֮һˣһɣŵʲôʵԺӵĴڡ
ˮĵǣˮǸľżȫſľżķˮȵľżľоǧľ
ˮֿľżֻеֵģֻǵͼĿľżи߼ľżӹģٶȵģǱĵȡ
ϧЩľżܲˮʱģЩˮûаգˮоںˣľżܿʹ̫ˣȻҪľżѧȫҪѾ
ѧЩûлǰʱ䣬ͻư˵׼оͻˣ˲ɾǿ˰Ĵţֻ̫ңԶˣеƶ䣬е޲ߡ


1273 ʼ֣ȶ
Ȼܿٻзˮ٣ԼһԴﵽ죬ʱԼʵͻͻͽշһ
ˮͻȻоԼӦÿԽ龳磬½֮
ջĿ⣬Ȿľżܴȫľżܴȫľżܣ꣬԰սŵĿһ
⸳Ҫܸߣ꣬ˮû뵽ҪԼĻﵽ꾳磬ǸľżȻþݡ
ľżܵǿ̶ȺͻԼ˵ľйϵȻľżĲйϵľżĲϱֲҪܸߣֲҲвǿĴڣѪֲֲľżҲ
ľżܴȫˮԺоΪ˵ľżܶҪôߣӦòģһ뵽Ҫﵽ꾳е
ɷûмѧںͼŮϵҲǢҲԭϵĮϢʱǺǿʢˮͼŮǸоƽˡ
ˣˮЩҲýˣ縶ҡңһζֵ˵ڶԷûбʾȻǲ֪ôˮҲûбҪǡ
ɱӺҲᣬǰмʽͬʽʺϣһõ鲻е̫ϧˡ
ѧصһλãѧĴңƾãϧڸһתתǸǿѧһ̨ףûҵľƾͻήԺ͸ˡ
ϧˣһѷˣֻһû䣬ˮǲϾɱģҾȻɱԼ飬ǲҲͲܹԼˡ
ˮ߽ͷϷŻֱڸҵϿա
Ҳ˵ȣ飬Ҫ׼֪һ˳ġ
һӲʱ䣬λߣ˿ϣһذ׵ӣˮһĿˮ
Ҹʲô
Ϊ׵һۡɨüǣĸߴһͷʨһͷҲɣʱˮ˿еɱ⡣
ֵծ֪׼ûС
ˮҲϻ֪ԷԼ˵ʲô
Ҳ֪˵ʲôֻ㸶һҰĵطΪԼеС츳Ͳ֪ߵغ񡣡
ƽĿˮȻϣ֤Ҳ˵жʲôģ͸ҳϹϵ
ҽҲҪ۵ģҲãҲգҽɱ˵ġ
ˮһһ˵
㻹ԼʲôˣĵطǸҲҪָ
кһһѵ˵
ĴڣûһҲ֣ҽֻծģְɣϻˡ
ˮ˵ֱʹ˻µĽֱһշħ
ԸЩˮҪսپʹ˻֮
ӡ
̤
ΧֱһƬıѵ֮УֿȭˮʵѾ൱Ŵ˵ڳ֪ˮǳ
ڤ
˵ʵҲǧʵǺǿʵˣҪ֪ڵҲǧѣȻһǿˡ
˵ʵڸѾǿĴڣиϼһڻûж֪ˣҲʵϸҵĿߣһξΪˮȻԺ
ʵ̶ȣƴһѹˣǸоˮǧʵǧǧ֮һ޴Է࣬ǧǧ֮һ蹵ҲΪʲôš
Ǿ֪ˣĺף˲䱻ֻʣǧµʵ
ǧͷֱӳǧ㣬ͻȻı仯ǸܲˣûüôӡֱϣһǻˣΪһСģ츶ҹƾˡ
̤Ӷûгѣʲôģʱȴǹˡ
ڤ
ǧĹ
Ըڵļǧ˻Ǻ׵ģٶȻƶվ˾ԵϷ磬ڤǲ˵˵ԸǧʵвͬʵҲӲӣϧڤĹ޷ֵֻܵ
棡
ڤ
һֵֻһΣڶξֱˣش޴ĳһ˲һŨŨڤֱը
ʧ
ֱӱٻٵʲôҲûʣ£һֻһʱ䡣
һʱ䣬һǧĳ߾ûˡ
ǵһοǿԼĻ֮ͽĽշħǧʵȻһʱ䶼û֧ס
ˮǾϲʣµǾ£ʵಮ٣ֻ޴ĺҪԸԼôԼҲֵס
˻࿴һۣеĳһӣֻ׾޳ߣֻһޣһֻ棬׳ִСɽһֱ֣һƬֱ֮ӱ⡣
Զ֣
ˮֻ棬ֱڵĽƺҪǿһЩ񣬲˵ˮ˻𣬱Ҳˮġ
ˮϧͻʵ̫ԶֵֻƬ̣㱻ճ˻ҽʵͻһƾҪҪˮæˣϾֻˣʱѾ˸ҵδ
ͻȻһóһ̲ɫʯͷˮʯͷʱֱУžصһը
ըͬʱһתɢȥ֪Զ
źţ
ˮһ㶣ѾɱһûбҪţɫһֱʹôӡĽ
Ƿ
൱ˮͻԼɱǧʵߣͼ򵥵Ķˣûл֮ͽշħˮûʰ˸ҡ
ʱ򸶼ҵ˳ˣҸ͸͢ڣʱһѪֱ²ʡ
͢ǿˮԹĹâˮڵϣȥΪҲɱǣȻһ
ˮ˵Ż֮佫͢ն£ˮ˸͢ԹĹâȻ¶Էϲš
һѲˣˮҲûбҪٶ֡
ˮ޳նݳҲϲ֮ʣɱʱЩ˲縶͢˵Ҳˡ
ˮѪֶλס˺ܶˣϾ˶ˣʲô
һʱ丶ҵһûΪԶķˣܶһȥΪҲûмɻˡ
Чҿɲԣ
һ˲˵
ˮֱӻһȭɣ
ûּۻ۵ʱ
ɱһϣǸˡ
һͻȻĺˮ
ˮЦſűнʮˡ

ӿл޴ĵ£ǰЩֱʧ
ס֡
һϵ𣬴һϵѹ


1274 ʯ֮Ѫ
ͻȻֵˮֺëĸоһֱĸоһڴ֮ͥûд·һܲ
ˮϾͻȻ߽̹ǵĵطĺëֱֲĸоſһ˳ڸҵϿա
ݹǣˮʱпһֵʯͷһĶ֧š
֮ʯ
ˮʯͷһϳԼҲ˴ֻһʱ򣬵۳Լһ֮ʯɵĹ׹Ԫ
ҲΪ۳֮ʯܳŵ֮ܳŵһ̣ϴŵҲ֮ʯҿеʣµûж٣Ƴһض⣬ڲӰϵǿơ
棡

ˮȻϵ˺͸Ӧйϵû뵽Ǹҵ档
˳֮ûж֣סˮ֮һֱˮûпЩˡ
ˮСĵĽ䱸ţͬʱ˵ʵֱӺͽǰ˸˭ֱ֮˵ǶҲᱻ˸æҡ
һˮҲһ㶣Ϊ֮˵ʵǧǧ˵֮ǰǧʵֲÿˮë𡭡
ѧĸ˵ţǿĴڰǧ£ѵ˵ĪǾ֮˵һС
ҲǹĿˮ±ûж֣˵ƲǺӣΪʲôҪϾɱ㣬˵һҡʮҼҲ޷赲סĲ¿ѡеõһ
ˮˣǰʵų̂£оɱҲǸѡ񣬲ɱҲԣҺٷˡ
ʲôֱ˵ɣ˵һսΡ
ˮ֪˲Լоǿҡ
Ҳ㽫ɾ;ԲҲ᲻ʶ̧٣ɣҸ㼸ȡЩ˵ƽ뿪ȥͨĴ˼ң֪вУ
̾ˮ
Ŷöȡǵ
ˮ֪ʵ˵
ǵģ
ԣȿǲֵҷŹǡ
ˮɫ˵
򵥣š
ֱӶһռ
ˮֱʶ̽ȥռеĿռ䲻ֻһףĶֻ۵һʯˮȻе㣬ʯֶԶӶ࣬ϾǸʦ
аʯϧˮƽֲڣóȥǻᱻܶԴģ˵ȻܹأСƿ
ˮֱɨȥһƿȻ֮Ѫһƿһ㣬־ȻűѣˮҪʶʱ򿴵һ鲻۵ʯͷɨһˡ
ʯ
ӵдʯڲʱ򣬿òһʯߣҲߡ
ˮ۾һһЩ˵Եޱȣһʯļֵ㹻ˣ֪ⶫô̫ˡ
ϾͲõɱǰ𣿡
ˮɫ˵
ֻܹ飬ջһӡ
ûκθ飬һʼ
ҿԷŹǣϣϸǸôѧ뿪Լ
ˮʲôҲ֪ЩܻĲࡣ
֣Ҳ˶ֵġ
ǻ뿪ģҽ֮˵Ļǿɿģ˵Զûȥ㱨ģ֮е΢ǿģһǵϵһЩ
ƽ˵
ˮҲû뵽˻ⷬ뷨Ҳǳ׵ø´УҲֻܳ׵ĶϵЩ˸ͷ䣬ʲô͸ˣʲôޡ޶߸ƣֵһᡣ
ѣѣͼʲôԷ£ΪֻлŲϣ

ˮ뿪ˣֱӻصԼׯԺҵҲѸٵѧ˿ȥĵĪңвϴζˮΧɱļ塣
ڸ뿪ܿ죬ʧĸɸɾѧĸ߲ûκζɫʹкϹҲǲѧ飬ᾪǵġ
ǸԪĻҲһ֪˶ãѧѧȻﻹûıȣһѧӣԼ붯Ҳˣʵ֪ںˮմðˡ
ˮû°ɣ
ȻҲ֪˸ҵ顣
û£ȰѧڵϰɨƽڿΧʵôŪ
ˮЦЦ˵ѧ򵥵Ķ࣬ѧ֧֣׵̫࣬ԸҵˮչʵǧʵƬնһսѧվһ޿λãˣҪĳŮϵǳ
çײҪС
΢΢ü˵
İɣҿɲȥϢᡣ
ˮ˵Ƚˡ
ѾȥҺǼˣڵȣһս㹻ˣֻҪ͹ˣֱӽɾ
óľʯ
ⶫֻаƴСͷ⣬мԲһڣȴе󣬴΢ܲһ
ˮһľǲҪģʯȴ쳣ӲҲֵʹգһ˾ֻܿˡ
õѪֱӴˮȵǣʯڿյܶ࣬һʯ
֪ʯֱӾһˣЩˣĵʯھЯһ
ϺˮֱʹþŹ
Ź֮ڣŹҲ󷨣ֻֻΪˮʩչ˾ŹֵķΧ֮һжˣֵķΧˣٶȺͷӦһƺ˺ܶܶࡣ
ˮ֪ƣһֱ˺ܳʱͣˮһʹžŹһߴ̫ȭͨȭεȣԼ⣬ɱҪܶʵ
ɾһ޴ʯ̨Ÿ塢յġʯͨ鱦񡭡ȣȻڵʯ
ʯĲϰһʯ̨ϣҩĽСҩݵǵһʯ̨ϣʲôģȶɵĸԷİţЩʯ̨ţȴǲʯ̨㹻󣬶һǺü㡣
ʯ̫ˣϾˮ󷨣ʱɷӵľ͸ˣ⻹Ǿ͵ʱ򣬲֪жǿ
ʯڶϵʯ̨ϣǰѽҲԺҪʱ¶졣
Ȼóƿ֮Ѫ
٣ֻмΣÿһζĴָǴСŨȺܸߣɢǿֻͨ˵ʹãһЩ
ֻˮоͷڵĵ飬ҲǴ˵еޣǿ츳رǶԶͷԼЧãֱӵʵҲǲڿӵĲ࣬ڵʱ˵൱ɹ۵ģߵɵͨ˳¾ǲ壬ӵҲ޵ģֻǿ˲ܽЧӵ¡
ⶫЧͷڵĵô


1275 ϣ˿Ѹ٣
ˮܺ棬ǰľͷڵĵǱɱһڵѪҺˮٴοֻмε֮ѪǰĲ̫ϸ
޵ľѪ
ˮЦˣǰ֪ôûпһؼ֣һ֣Ǿⶫ½˺ܶ࣬ˣϵѪҺܶ࣬ѪȴǺ٣ʧһζ˺ܴǾڡ
ˮûϸԼʹãǷȻһƿһԱѡ
һĶޣ³˿ֶõסڼס¡µĲϣ˵ǵˣˮ֣Ҵ쳣˿̫ѵˡ
ҲޣҾ˵ǿޣȻˮûмһǶǿһЩʷ˵𿴱ֻĴָССֻҪʺϾ˵ܳϰ
˰״СıϣǺֲܿģҲԶ֣ϧֳ̣ܿû˵˭ܰСıôģһֻҰĲпܣʺС
ˮȡűѣһ˿⣬ͻȻһɵĸоͱ֮һֺĸоˮоиѪе
һµˮ˫һűʧˣϽӾѪأһˣ־ѪоȻһɫĴСĶ
ǱϣճıϾô㣡
ˮйԽƺ˷ܣæܳԣ±йԽϳԵˡ
ڵĿйԽɺСֻһ粻ɫͷϵֻСǿֻС۾⣬ô̵忴ȴĸоǿҡ
ѾȫɣˮоڵĿйԽϸӵĿ£һֻ͵Сһԡ
ܵˮСֱӳھѪУйԽʲôʵ˵жǿƻˮҲ֪֪ǿڻǿԳΪԼɱﵡ
ͻȻˮ뵽޵ľѪĳһ뷨ԼһиѪмһ޾Ѫܿͷˡ
о뷨̫ˣǿ޵ľѪԼܲסܸо뷨̫£ܵ޾ѪˮԼϽѪϽѪβûн뾫Ѫء
뵽ֱһϽѪ뾫Ѫء
һϽѪ뾫Ѫأˮ־ѪͻȻ·һ㣬һǿʢһָо
۲һᣬûʲôʱˮ˳ӣû뵽ϡͿıҲסѪأֻǲ֪ʲôʱĴСǲǿܵĻƺܿ͵뿪Ѫء
ˮȥûжһˡ
콣裡
ˮЦŰӭϸ磬ô
콣Цſˮϵܣһκòá
ϸ磬̫ˣȥܻԴģ˶ҪΪµĴ˵أ
֪񸶼һͨ˰ɣϸҲ֪Ϊѡ
콣֪Ҷˮ£ˮѪϴҲǲֵġ
콣˵ˮȻӦв˶ϵ˴Ϊ콣ģˮܸˡ

ļ죬ֹңʣµļҲҹˮֻһûңˮҪйɱ˴룬ֱûˡ
ߵˣԱ˵ʴȾǶԼ̣ܾõǰһ仰ڽɼ
ʱһζˮ֪ԼĶԺֵ֧ģȻǻֹԼģڵѾѧΪһصĴڡ
չˣһԺչأٳʱʵͻһķԾܴﵽʲô̶ȾͿ츳ˡ
ˮǺ͵۳׼ǰڡ
ɷ褡߹ˮ˰տһǡ
ֱʱɷɲᣬˮٴα֤ܿģú
һǰڵ۳ҲβŴˮȥģҪԼȥ˵ˮȻͬ⣬һСİѵ۳ˣԼҪˡ
ڵλҲȽϽӽɽֻǴ˵صľɫرãλƫƧǵ۳ƻҲ
վڿпȥһ޴ɽȣ״Ͽղɢ¥羰˵ˡ
ȵȣܿǰʱͨһ¡
۳ͣˮ˵
ã
ˮν
ܿ죬Ůӷ˹ʦ㣡
ʥŮҲϯӣͬŶƺʦ㡣
ǴҴ˵Ҫ棬ɲ
۳Ц˵
ǣȥ
Ůֱӷˡ
𣿡
ˮŵ۳Ц
е㣬ҺܺõģҲܡ
۳ε˵
ǸŮŮʩ㷲δ𣬻뿪쳾
㣬ʦˡ
۳Ц˵
ܿһŮ˳Զһ΢ϵŮӣͷѾˣҲһЩƣԴģҲǸˣЦһˮ͵۳Ķˮ
Ҫ˳Ϊ
ϸһǰֱӶˮ˵
ҪΪҵŮˡ
ˮ˿ηϸ˵Ŀ⡣
ϸһԼϢǿҵĲţȻ۳ڵʥŮӦ֪ʲôʲôҶ㣬ΩϵҲһˡ
ҪԼľɽ̲ģҪһͷеˣǴ½ûˡ
ˮ˵
ϸһĿǵһˮӰһеĽɫֱ̽ӵˮļ
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ˮӰֱӵɳȥһѪ
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۳æȥסˮ
Ϊʲô㣿
۳۵˵
ϸ˿۳ɫɱʤ
ʦҲǰ㣬һԸܣҴ뿪Ҳİá
ˮ˵
ʳãһ˿ͷƶˣˮֻ֪ˣڿٵϡ
ҪڵĵӺЩ糾Ůȣǲ䡣
ϸˮǰĻд
ʲôأ糾֮𣿡
ˮѪ˵

ʲôȨŮ֮飬ѵΪƾǵ𣿲оܰԵ𣿡
ˮЦſϸˡ
Իڣ
Ϊʲôᱻƭ
ס죡
һˮȥˮһ𽫵۳һξ룬̤Ź
֮

ˮʩչŹʱͻʵܶ࣬ʯ绢ǰһˮ΢㿪Ҫ£ܵ˺͵͡
ֱӺ׵Ķ㿪ϸ˵Ĺ
⵹ϸ˺ܾȣǰѾޱˣܽˣӦòôᡭ
ɣǴΣ
룡
ˮʱ̫ȭͨȭΡСΡΣ˽֣ûȴָͰԵ֮


1276 ʵˮ
ľ룬ˮ֣оӦǰϸ˼ŭ˲󶯸ɸģһЩڵĵǰսϸ˺ǳȥ
˵αộҲҪʲôҵŮ˻ҡ
ˮԽԽ˳֣ȴԽԽܣˮˮôҲץס
룬ǲģᣬֲǷǣȰͷǳѷҲΪ㡣
ϸ˽ʵѾʩչ˰˷ֻ֣κβˮ
֣
ޣ
ÿһɶ칤տޱȣˮڵ̫ȭˣΪǽѾȫȻڳֿȭȴ൱űǽһ
д󺧣ȴǷֵڻκβˮеһ˵ĻŷҲ֪ŭĻ
֮
һ޴ĻϸըϵƺһЩеȻΪһ֦ͨ죬һ㣬ɢǿ
֣
ϸ˿һеһӣΧͻȻһѪɫ̣ɢŰ
ۡ
ʮˮۣǿʶסһˮҲëˣҪԼذ
ˮ޺飬ִƵǾܳܵסðգһɽǰ˴Ĺ
һһһ޳֣ϸĻϸ˳ȥ¹죬ɢɱϢ
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޵ԷĻһ㣬ֱӱڣˮһֱӻǶٴγ˹ȥ
žž
ܼĹǿˮӰϵı仯ʣĹ⣡
ž
һޱȣֱӽϸˣˮ֣ǳֹˣԻ޵İԵϸһξ롣
ˮڻûսϸ˴ʱ֪ǶɱĻѾˮŵһͬȵĸ߶ȡ
˵ɣôͬҵ۳ⱲһҵģҪҲԣ֮顣
ˮٴ˵
ˣҲ롣
ϸϲϵĹ̬Ⱥܼ
ڻᣬ˵ý԰½ѵ㲻ǿǣοΪֹڲкܶ˶͵͵ĺЩҲǣ㲻Ҫ㲻֪ǲڶأ˵ʲôŵ涨ģҿԸĸġ
ˮһ˵ϵĶȴǽط
Щϸ֪ˮ˵ģЩŽֹ˵ҲǾȻ˺ɾ㽫ɱֲûпУãˡ
ˣᣬǿ󣬺оһкܶŮϲһ֮˵۳еĵλ˵۳ŮӣмŮܱȼ磬ĸܵõ˵㡣
ɣӦúǿǿú̸̸ôУҿ԰½ڳݡݡ𣿲Ҫ˵Ҳ֪ߵغҲʱô˵
ˮ˺˵
ǾȴӮ˵ɣ
ԥÿˮ˵ǰˮ˵ǰ۳ǿڣڣ˵Ǻԭģ˵Ļֱӷ˵һС
ˮŵͷãǾͿʼɣ
˵ˮгͽ
շħ
һ
һ״̬£ˮʵٴ٣нսֱϸ˵ٶٴ½ˮֱ۴֮ӡ
һˮڵĹڵʵϸ󾪣Ѿܴˣˮ۴֮ӡ³ַĹϸˡ

Ĺںϸ˲£Ȼڤڿϣϸ˵Ĺᱻһ룬ڤǺܿµġ
ˮֱӽ֮ӡ
ǰӦÿʤʵѾˣҲ㣬ǰĹԴﵽǧʵһɵļʳֹһɼʣʮξܳһˣʵֵܵסһĹ𡣡
ˮΪţ˵ֱ֮˫ֽӡ֮ӡٴڵʵǿ֧һЩ֮ӡģߴξͳ˹һδĴ֮ӡǽɫɢҫ۵ĹΣ·նˣǰĴ֮ӡԵһϸȻ֪жǿȫʢʱڵǧʵɫ֮ºС
һǳ׵Ľϸ˻ˣǴϱ򵹣ˮһʲôţ֪ǿʲôʵԱˮչֵʵ׵סˡ
ˮͽվͻȻԽг׵ûˣΪǰֻоԷǸӵܣڱʲôҲ㣬չֵʵţǸ˶ҪţΪѾ߱һɵʵǶɵػ
һɶػһػˣΪػʹûʧһЩǿߣҲԪˣͼ֮

ϸڳƺҲˣⲻ֣½ʵΪ
ǰֱӺˮˣǳʦ
ˮЦ˵
ǾȥǱİɣ
ϸҲܵˮĳ⣬ָŲԶһʯͤ˵
ˮǿӲˮ뿪˭ҲסڵˮûΪӮϸ˻ʵʲôصԸϸ˺ܿá
ϸ˲ΪˮͼıʲôڣɫħʲôҲųˣϸһͻܸܵʲôģ˵䲻ģ˵ʵЩס
ˮӲҪߵ۳ڻס㣬Ȼ˵̸̸ɣҲоһʲôҲ̫š
ϸ˺ˮ۳󻺻˵
ˮһˣϻǿ˵ôᣡ
㲻һϲǰ˵ʲô˵ʲô
ϸҡҡͷ˵
ǰ֪ڵĹأһҲһֱīسɹ棬ĿǻģѵҪ˱رϾǺܾúܾǰˣʱˣ½ʽҲˣƶȲĻһᱻ̭
ûУڶŮӣǿû˸Ҵ⣬˵ڳһţһͳһţݣʲôˣЩҪͳһţݣڵ𣿾ڲܣʲôġ
ˮͣһ½Ż˵
ϸû˵˼
ϺɽһڵӵĻ£ϺɽڵһУӼ޵˶һˣȻеӣɽĵλ⣬û˸ǣΪ۽ϵ̫Ҳ̫ˣ˭ҵ
ϸ˵ɫɶѾˡ
ֽŮ֮鱾Υ飬ںΣ𣿡


1277 ı仯Զ
ˮ仰ֱɫٴһ䣬ҲʵҲĸоڵ˽޸ڹ˵ܲͨᱻ˵ʦ桱ġ
ˮҲ֪ǶĹ涨˵ľܸĵģȻڵĴġ
ˮҲ֪ϸ˵ڲǿģЩ黹ҪڻᡱܾˮҲûϾ޸ġ
ǰҲ˵ھҪ޸ģֻϣֹܲҺ͵۳֮飬ʱҲĺͳûڸ
ˮ˵
ˣΪһģ˵ˣҲٶ˵ˣҹûа취޸ˣγȥΪ˺ܶ࣬ҿöþܽˡ
ϸҲͷ
ˮҲܿģڵƽͽˣ۳ҲõѡԲڣȻˮڳ׵Ľ۳ʵǵʵ˾޸ڵڹ档
ڵǵ۳ʵˣţ۳ʥ̨еǺ㣬ʵҲͻͽĵز
ǰģųΪˣӦңҲԤڵ飬һڡ
ˮҲһл⡣
ţ˵ϣӦҲ֪ˣ޸ڹǲˣʱһֳ֧һ£ڵ
ĻˮоȵģϾǰˮоһ̣Բ˵ͨģû뵽ȻôͨҲ֪ǶǰĻΪˮ˵㣬ҲһľϲɣӲҲԣ۳㣬Ҫģƽټϵ۳ڵʥŮе۳ڻǺġ
ɱǰʥŮǵҵĴС㣬Ҳֵ֧۳ģڵɱ۳㣬Ϊԭ򣬺޹أǵĹϵûе۽ã۴Ǹ濼ǣ۳˳ȻĽõġ
ڵǸСβ۳ڣˮһδȥһȥơ
ˮҲҪչˣҰеʥ֮ȫպʵͻᾫܶ࣬ǸʱҾܺ㲢սˡ
۳ˮֱ߱Ц
ãҵ㣬ʱǷ֣˫
ˣˮҸоûбҪţݵĴȫʵһַʽֻҪ㹻ʵֱӺһЩʵһֻҪʵҲΣ˵ѶȾͻСϺܶࡣ
۳Цſˮ
ףҼҳôҲ뵽ȻҲ뵽ˡ
ˮʵͷ۳˵˳͸оˡ
߲߰ڿԼ
۳
Ҫˣ᲻ҡ
һ㡣
Ҫˣҵ㽱ɣ
ˮ˵ֱӶס˵۳졣
´μ㣬صʱһ㣬ΪһŮˡ
ˮߵʱ˵ģ˵ֱʧˡ
Ȼ뿪Ҫɾ뿴˸еĳ档
۳ɫĿˮʧķ

ˮѾʳǵڳǣǵڶˣ֪һʳǶȥҵĿ
ˣ
ˮҵĿʱһͷһȻϴεṆ̀ʱ΢Цſˮ
Ŷʲô𣿡
С˵ˣƬ̣һ£㡣
̹˵
Ŷðɣ
лȥ֪ͨС㡣
˵Ѹ뿪
ˮû뵽Ҳôеˣû뵽˯ͷ
Ӳʱ䣬ˮ˸أѾͷǺ˵ģһˮĵ˹
ˣ˵ҪȥҼҵôһֱ
ⲻ𣿡
ˮЦ˵
Ѿ뿪ˡ
Ҽ㣬֪ԸԸȥ
е㵣ĵ˵
ǻе˰ɣ
ˮûдصĻ
ţ
ոⱾǻҵգټǻʳǶ죬ˮ˵Ҳ̫ͻأġ
ǲ£ң
ˮЦ˵
ûаɣƺеҪæ⡣
ظϽ˵
߰ɣҲҵˣ˳飬֪ļ˻ҵ𣿡
ˮЦʵ
ЦˣǿԵġ
ˮһ㶣СѾͷڻҵĵλͣһ֧Ӧǻһ֧Ȼļǲġ
һʱˮǰһĻʼ԰֣ռغܹ㣬ɽܶׯ԰ʲôĶɽУɽ״ƺһֱ쵽Զɽе֮
ˮʶܵΧһЩǿϢһ¹Զɽնȥ
Ӧǻҵһ㣬ڻʳӦŻʹʵﲢĻңǸطǸһͨտġ
·еһЩЩ˶ǿߣȻˮвʲôɷŵҲǱĴڡ
һԱȽΡׯ԰Ұ⣬ԿΧĴ󲿷ֵططȴǺѿ
ſȴˮһ£ΪǧʵһᣬųȥҲżңԵҲ
λ壬ǰҴһ°ɣҪףо˵Ҳˡ
Ӧú˺죬˵ɡ
棬ֱӽȥ
ߵ΢Ц˵
ܽЦŵͷˮȥ
һͥԺһԺ俴΢ϵ˻мԼһʲô

ؿ˿ЦźһмһŰ۵΢Цŵͷ
޳޽ư׷еƮݣƳϣһӺݹ֮
ЦɣΪ
ˮЦſ΢֮ˣǰӦ֪ѧ˰ɣܼǰ֮
Ҫ˵ģƨҲǻĲãˮ˵Ǳݡ
ǰҪ뾡һа취£ˡ
΢֮˿ܻ˵
Ҿϲǰĵ̹˴򽻵

ǰǽˮɣ
ˮһ壬иͷҲС
ãҽ𣿡
úãһֻһֱҵˣġ
ָһ˵Ǹ΢һ㣬һޱȡ
ϺãڵΪǲñ˱ˣκε˸˻ûм
ˮЦ˵˳˴кˮ֪ʲôΪ𣿡
ͨʥĿˮ
ܸܵģӦǧʵ
ˮЦ˵
ףȻܿҵʵ
ͨʥȵĿˮˮʵȴǺģ𾪣ֻǽҲǾĿˮ
壬ȸҽǰɣӦĺ󱲰ɣ


1278 ȵ
һˮǼסˣܵ˵⼸ӵʵ͸˲࣬ˣᣬԱҪһЩн꣬Ͼ콣趼ˡ
ǸͨʥӣȻкܶŮģʵǧǧ֮䣬һиһиˮ
⸡ͨʥļŮУļǿǧǧڰ£ܹһ֮ʵҲ࣬ڲ¡
һмߴ˧ӽиףüĿ΢΢𣬴һֲмɫ̸˶ôᣬҲ˵ϲܵ˵ˣˮǲԸ˵
ߵӿһ㣬ͬüĿ˸оԸ㣬ţһ̳ŵĸоʵ𸡲΢һ㣬˵ֺĸоһиᡣ
ˮк棬Ҳͣ˲ᣬһŷĸо
ұߵ˱ȽϿ࣬˵Ǻ֣һѺͻҵϵ˾շһԶЦݣ˺׽ЦݣˮʱҲЦŴкѾܵһĴ幦ɣҲǲʡ
ǸЦһЦݣҲΣյˣǰˮЦ䣬ϸֻܸоССֻ۾Ц⣬ˮʶǿǿԸܵЦⱳǷ֮š
˵˵ˮӦҲɣ
ͨʥЦк¡
Ȼҵ˺ܶ࣬ǰڻҵĵλԺܸߣͳӦǸҵ֦ϾߵЩʵ˵˺ܶණ
ؾˮߣʲôҲ˵ֻЦſš
үү֪λʲôʵ
˵ˣܲмˮǲмҲһֱʵоˮ仹ԼȴԼ߳һȻܲ
ǰүүҿλֵӦúǲɣǲǺǿ󰡣֪ҩǿǿҺܺ棬ҿǺҩġ
ЦЦǺǵĸ
ֻиû˵
ˮȻ˵˼ԼЦЦ˵ͻ˽ܣ׾еֱˣˮ֪˲£ЦʵֵСģЦصΣա
Ҿ֪ǼﲻƽʱߣҲôǵˣҲ֪ʲôˣˮҪСһ룬ʵȴǸ߳ǲֹһ
ͨʥǿЦ
ˮ΢ЦͨʥҲ֪Լʵ˵Լܴ򵹶ǿʵ˵һֹӦǡ߹Լʵˡ
ôôǿһһҪˮֵдд衣
Ц˵
½ʱԸģðĸҲ˵ˮûʸһ
ˮҡҡͷˣѾ㲻ٺдˡ
ǳӣɫʱеѿЦ˵Īʵǿ
ǿǿνҩʦӮˣô룬һҩʦܣ㻹ĺܴҵĻסģû˽⵽˼
ˮƽ˵һҲøˣɲֻкͼһţֻǲ֪ܳŵǸ׶Σǻˣܵ𶼲
ľһЩʢʿ֮иʦݡ
ҡҡͷЦ˵
ˮһˣʵΪûͬбʵܸ̫߳ˣǱʵߵͬҲ࣬ǲŶѣοˮǸʦ
壬˵˵
ˮЦ˵͸ҵĺֵĲÿʵֻҪ¶ǿʵǣ롣
˵ɣҺܺʲô顣
ͨʥЦʾˮ˵
˵ĻʹйϵӦڴڵĶɡ
ˮŸͨʥ˵š
Ŷ֪һЩģ֪ˮҪ˵ڵʲô£
ͨʥڸˡ
һǿֵܣϵֱϵ˵ͼıţݵ뷨ڵ˲޵ҴɫһЩʵͬˣԺһԿڡ
ˮЦſŸͨʥ
ŶҲ֪ҲΪʹȽϽֻǲ֪ˮϵʲôʵͬˣ
ͨʥƽĿˮ
Ѱңⲻ˸
ˮЦſŸͨʥ
ô˵ǵһˣ֪ܴܲѧε֯˭
ʱٴγ
ҿԴѧˣȻҾε֯ˣôоʤΡ
ˮҲżŸףڵĸǰѴŭ֮ĲѾ޷ˮˡ
ҵսҴӦ֯Կڵˣ˶ģҲóһЩ°ɡ
׿ͨʥû˵˵
ȻһҪ֪ҵʵҲе㲻ÿվˡ
ˮ˵һǿľסԷ
һС͵պýװΧ
ˮڶԾĿƣʩչĶСƣµʱһҲӰΧˡ
ҵҪʲô¡
˵ϵȻˮþֱŭ
ΪʵһҲþסԷǹɷŭͷûзβԣΪΧ˿û˿


ˮЦŶϵĲһڣݵĿŸûվҲ˵
ˣˮɿɣҶˡ
ͨʥ𾪣̾˿˵ǰ˲ͻȻܵˮǿľ⾫֣ĸо
үү
ˮֺ󣬸Ľһ˼ҵĽƲѾһǰ㣬˵ôᣬǰδеĴֱܸӹÿһλã˶еجج
׶
ͨʥͻȻһ
Ȼһһ㿴Ÿͨʥ
ǸˣҸҵˣز·ϵС۾Ļǲٵģ֪ĳܴ󣬵ʧ֪ǸŹȥĺôԹƵģŲȥҲҪ벻ΪûнѾﵽƿҲ˵ǰˣӦøˣǸᡣ
ͨʥֳأޱȡ
įǰĻجج˺ܶ࣬ҪŹȥô׵ģǰͨʥǾ仰ֻǸ˵ģڳ
ˮֻһͷʲôȵģģǵʯ
ˮ۵Ĵ࣬ϣǵһΣָоڵǶźо
ͨʥЦ˵Ҳ֪ǿЦǿЦ
ˣԺӦлģ֪ڶ˵֧֧ء
ˮЦſһ䡣


1279 Ѫ鵤ǰϺɽ
ˮ˵仰Ժ֮ǰͬͨʥļֱĸоرǸףľżһ㣬Ҳȥ
ͨʥ˵һʲôо˵ĪˮֵǱѾмܲסĸоʱĳɾԹƵġ
ãӦ㣬֯£Ҳͳ죬˸岻ͨʥˮ˵
СӾллˣģҿԱ֤֯ʲôʧҲûʲôҪͳһϬţݽʲôҵ־ǴݣԸӦ÷˰ɡ
ˮ仰˼ԣţûзõˮʲôͼ
ˮĻͨʥζƿһǾȣޱȵľȣĲΣûݣ̫ˣѵûϾͲˣ˳ǸˣҪо˵ĲǴ󻰣оС
ˮҪҸҵĺζЦѣԶ֧㣬Ҳ顯Ļչ¸ҡͨʥ΢Ц˵
ˮܵͨʥеĳ⣬ǸˣЦŵͷһ죬һģ˵Ҳκʧֻо޴ĺô
˵ˣ֮һԾŶû뵽Ѿô˵ںˮûκġ
磬ﻹмҩҲɣڵĳƺˣ˵СѾͷˮ֮ͣƺһ
⸡ͨʥҲҩҪˮƣѪ;鵤
ѪֵҩܰԵΪⵤҩֻʱЧʱñѪʵһԽӵԽ࣬ԽӵԽ٣Ȼ״̬»ǺΣյģϾѪˣʱпɥ
ˮⵤҩ۾ˣⶫǿãһ˶֧֣ô±ѪܷܿΪʤ
ǿˣʧĻʱпȥһȥѪҲʲôҲûˡ
鵤ָģǳָ˲䣬һ̿һڴָָֻ
ˮо;鵤ʹҲ鵤ˮû̫
ˮڸ˼죬һЩҩȻ껹ҪģñѪˡ
⼸ˮ͸һĹϵãȴûӰҲԣˮĹϵܺãֻǸˮأϾ۱Сһ
زһСǸͨʥСŮ䲻󣬵ģЩֶӱҪСùá
ˮҩǺǿģȫɹˮűѪ뿪ˣҪȥڴкֻҪԼʵپһλ߻յһ磬ͿԺ׵ţγһֺɨơ

뿪ˮŴȥҪȥϺɽһҪ̨̺诣˳˵˵ŵ顣
һ뵽̨诣ˮе죬ϾԼǸŮ˿ˣˣԼ֮ĻҲ˸
ˮ˵ԼôĳԿϾǸˣһŮ˿ԼԼŮ˻û׷ɱǸˣˮԻʧ
ʵһ̨δµŮ˿Ҳ֪᲻ӰϾδ£Ǹªļһн
һ̨诵䲢ǰЩСѾͷƬӣûоµӦҲ֪һЩһЩѧ鼮ʲôĻǿ֪Щģ˵һ䣬Щרѧͻ֪
ÿ綼ضĻ
һڵٶȺܿ죬Ҳǿֺܶ࣬ԵϺɽֻҪʱ䣬ǰ̫ˣȥ﷽ˡ
Ϻܴ󣬵Ǹں˵Ϻͨŵģһӣ޴ĺӣˮûм֪ԲǰЩܱȵġ
ˮͣϺϣԶɽûмǰվţóͷˮУ֪һͻǰԼ
ˮ˼һ㲻ԶӰ̨̺诣ˮκøԼҪ˭ǴΪ¡
ŮӵҲܺ˵Ӧȥˮ̬ȺãǸоˮӦòǵһΪ֪վﲻ
һŮ뿪ܿͿӰˮǺǿģܿӰ͵ˮߡ
ˮ
̷˶ˣĵֱ˹ˮе⣬Ůڷſ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ̨֪诿ˣʲôҲںˡ
ˮ̣ȻЦſһߵ̨诣ˮĿ̨读е㲻˼ǸӰһǣԼе㻳ǲӰˡ
Ȼˮ̲̫֣Ҳ˲ٵƣرмֺܴ󵨣·ԺУˮ̵Ķһ˿һĶ˸
ɿˮͷ̨ЦůģҪҪҲҲġ
̵ı仯ˮе㷢㶣Ҳ˵Ů֮ĹϵرĺãȻ˵Ļġ
ҲŲϡأҲ㵱ɱ̨е㲻ȻĻһ䡣
ҿ֪ҹ˵λ
ý㣬˵ˣû֤ˣô֪˵ǲġ̨æס˵
ЦŲ˵ˣȻˮôˡ
꿴ˮϷʵŮͬʱһڣ֪񣬶̨ٴ뵽桭
ˮεЦЦ̨诵ʵٴη賤һأһţݾʵİɣ̫ˣκһִжС
̨Ϻɽϯӣ͵۳һϺɽҲ̫͵ˣϻʵϺѧڡһεġ
̨С㣬㻹ϺɽʵţݾȻǶġˮЦſ̨诡
ڸǿˣһǸܲʵ̨ûֱӻشˮ⣬Ƶˮʵϡ
ҪдһΣˮЦ˵
Ҫҿûġ̨ЦֱӾܾ
̣ҵˡ
ģأ̿ĵ˵
ڣ
ȥˣ̨еԾʵ
ҲȥˣȥˣʱѧĿ令ˮЦ˵
ףô򵥣˵ɻʲô飿̨诺ʵ
Ҫʦˮ˵
ʦҪ𣿡
ɽˡˮЦ˵
ˣʲôˣ̨ɻ˵
һ֮ˣ
Ҫͳһţݡ̨说Ŀˮ
ǽˣͳһ
˭ͳء̨诺Ŀˮ
ҲͳĻûͳˡ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ̨Ц˵


1280 ɽţǿ
ⲻšˮҲЦɵ˵̨ǰҲЦɷ־Ӷࡣ
̨ҲûϺˮһ۾Ͳ˵ˡ
ôûдųأ̿ˮʵ
չˣȻһġ
ˮ㲻óȡڰɣͻȻˮʵ
ˮ̵ֱԴףСԴʲôأһڷҪôֱ־ȡ
ֵÿˮԴ֣һ֪Ů˱һСԴое㲻ϰߣȴǺܿġ
̨ûЦֻһ߿˸оͦܰģܸоҸĵģǸ桱еǸʱҲǿĵģֺ֪ˣΪ˽º˵Ļ⣬Ǹ𡭡
ˮ̨诵ɫ뵽ǰԼ̣϶뵽˲ݣֻҲƣϾǡĶԼ̵ġ
̨诿ˮƣоȻ˺ܶ࣬ĵˮһۣһˮġ
ˮ΢΢ҡҡͷҲ湻εģҪ˶֪Ҳ֪Ϊʲôͳ˵ֻΪŮŮͼϵŮӣҲе˵ȥ
Ҫʦ𣿡̨Լƽһʵ
ţʦɽɣˮʵϾ̨ϯӵģţ֮󴫳ʲôĿʼľѣʵҲѸٵ
ˮ֪ܴܿﵽ졢ǸΡ
Ȼɽʲôҵʦ
ᵽʦ̨诺Ŀɽһ־ŮԸĸĸоһ
Ŷͺãôȥأ
ҴȥϺƽʱʦ˽ģʦһ㶼ͱʲô顣̨Ц˵֪ʦ˺ܿõġ
Ǿ̨СˡˮЦſ
㻹ǲҪôˣܸое㷢䡣̨˵һһɽķȥ
ˮں濴˵Ůˣֲʵĸо֪Ѿ½ʮˡ
ɽҲǲ˽ֹڵӵĻɻľͲܱɽĵˣɽϵֻǱĲɽʲôҲ䡣
ֻеΪﵽһ̶ȾͿطɽûƣò˵֣ӦһЩĵļɽɣŻĹء
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һ¥ںϼʮ׸ߵλãһС죬С֣ӣϺǽЩ棬һ¥΢΢ڶһζЩӶǻŵģɢһȻϢ
𿴷һڶȴǷǳĽͣ񣬻ŵģһĸͷһۼ
ˮЩʱѾСıϣܿͿһӰ֮ô쿴ӰΪԷʶסԭ
Ůһɫȹ˵壬ׯûһ˿ƣһ˫ˮ˫ͫһ˿ʪȴִǵǿһ
Ů˿ͣߵŮʹ󣬵ȴ˸оŮĳ죬ǰоСһ
ȻЩѾˮܳԾˣϾһЩǰҲûĸоһԭ˵Ů˵ޱȵǿ
Ů˵ʵˮоеģͨʥҪǿĶ࣬ˮоԳһʵ
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Ůһ£һ˿Ĵ⣬˫۾ȴǿ£峺һֹ⶯ʧˮһһ˿ȣžǳЦЦݾˮһˡ
иȾ˸ɫ
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ɣ
Ů˵ɳƣǴԣҲеԣǳŮ˵һ
ֱ̨ڿն档
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СһþûˣͽԵߵġ
Ů˿˵ĻȴˮŹ֮ǱŮ˵Ļһ㶡
ʦ˵ʲôء
úãҲ˵ʱɲҪż޸ȻɽĴӣǽɽҲֹ˵ģһŮ˲һȱŮЦ˵ţһʾ¡
ˮĿŮˣڵǸϸ˱۵Ȼ෴ˮ޳ɺӵŮ˵Ĺ۵㡣
ʦΪʲôһء̨˵
ɵѾͷԼ黹㲻ͲҪΪҲˣʦҪǸˣָ𣿡
ˮٴһ㶣Ů˵ǲһһ˵ܴ󵨣仯̫죬ر˵
̨мܲסּıŮ˵ĸ첲Ľһʦ
ˮ쿴Ļһһ㶵ģ̨读ôСŮһ桭
Ѿͷ㿴Сһ￴ֱˣСŮ˵ӻǺɱġҪҪȥҲʩչһΡŮ˿ˮЦ
չһЦǣ
˵ɣ
ˮεЦЦ̨ҲɿŮˣˮһۣȻȥķ˳豭
¥ԿһУȴǿ棬氵һ㣬ŵһ
ˮ˳ԾҶǹ⿴㾿ʲôܡŮ˶޳ʮָϵġ豭ģȴһȾһˮоԼմ
ƫƫŮ˵ŮåˮʹŤԼȷΣû뵽Լһ˻ܱŮ˵Ϸ
ˮ˵ǹ⣬ԼԸѹ飬һ뵽Ů˵פ־ˣ̨诵ʦҲ̵ʦ
ˮԿʦʦã⡣
ǰ˵ЦˣǸүǣôŮ˰·ˮ˵

Ů˿ĵЦˣˮ㵨ӻ治С֪Сһʲô飿
˵ɣȥݣ֮ǰѼ˽ӵľƻңŪһ飬ҲΪҵĺܣеֻһвݱţǿ̫ࡣˮŮˣͻȻһЩЦ˵


1281 Ұˣ߼Ѫһ壬֮
ˮŮֵֺĸоǸоŮһ֪ݵȥݣָо֣ȴǺ
ŮˮĻҲеԾˮĻϣС˾ȻݣڸǾϲ
û뵽ô죬֪ʲôأ֪ľ͸˵˵ŮˮЦ
֪ǰһܲܶԸ˴ڡˮͻȻĳͷֱ˳
Ůһ㶣ЦſˮҲ֪ڵĴ㰡ҸоڵǶνŻ㡣
Ů˲ûлشˮĻ֣Ͼһ˻治ȥش
ɽˣ֪ǰΣˮǿżɽ˵
˰Ǻð㵱ػ˭أŮƺܿһ
൱ģͻȻڷ˱ҸʡˮŮˣ˵ҲʵʵһֱͳʲôûȤҲЩһоԸŷˣҵˡ
Сһ㲻˵ҰɣŮ˿Ц˵
ҪСһҺܴġˮ˵
˵仰Լ֪û壬Ů۾ģһ˲оϷ·һ΢ĵһɨ衣
ţĺܴ󣡡Ů˵
ˮٴαŮһ£仰ǺܿĵģϾһ˵õĿ佱Ǻгɾ͸еġ
Ů仰ֱɫͨ죬ߵֱӰͷȥСÿɵģᡭ
ŮζĿˮȻתתĿ̣ˮĿ⿴̣ҲԾˣջǵֲס߹ŮһŮå
ҸоҸʡ
ΪʲôоҸʡŮ΢ЦſˮŲƽ˵
ŷȻ˵гˮҲЦ˵
ʦͱ˵ûǶġ̨ʱӵ
ˮҲоˣλǸоŮ˺г
ҿˣҶͳЩûʲôȤͬ˵ͳ죬㲻ҡŮգգ
ҪˮƲƲ졣
ݴ½Ҳдĵʣ仰Ƕġ
ˮĻŮһЦˣСһﵨӲСұ˶մҪҪҸ㵱С檡
ˮһθоŮϻֳ˲¹ͷ֣æЦôУ̫ίˣǲҪ˰ɡ
ԸŮ˹һҲҪˡ
ˮͷƤе飬ʶȤĲ˵ϲŮˣã벻׵ת˹֪ŮǿЦģٲҪھ뿪
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Ҿ֪ʣʵҲûʲôرģֻǱ󣬸Զսַ˵ĶĴڣԶޣֵԶޣľǾݣȻͨ˸࣬ûеǿߡŮ˵Ҳлһ˿įΡ
ˮʱĺܶ࣬ǸʶװŮӳŵɫݵģħҲݣǸϹҲԶޣֵԶޡ
Զսַ˵񵤣׻Զ޵ѣӡ̡
ǻΣղĵط
Ů˵ˮҲǺȻҪʵΪŮ˵Ĵڣ龳磬½ɣɽ
ǰ֪龳ʲôʵ𣿡
֪ο龳ие֮ͣĲҲǵ蹵һŮҡҡͷ˵
ݵ龳˶𣿡ˮʡ
Ҳ֪ݵĵжûõҲԺ֪ˣµķ֮أһ·һһߵ·ġġӴֻ޵ģ𣿡Ů˵š
ţеˣβһӴľͲͬˣҲһʲôֻǲ׺һһһ˻Ѿˣ𣿡ˮ˵
ɣҲȻȻˣˣǿȻܰؽڳҲǲܡŮЦſˮ
Ҳǣǰɽǲǻбɡˮ˵ﻹɣ˱뺷Ұԣ츳ǿо˵Ұ޵ѪҺ˵ݵʱЩѪһһˣѪһ˸ǿ
еģ˵Ҫعϡһ㣬Ҳֻ˵ǵʵǿرԽԽǿ󣬵Ҳ޵ģ˵뵽ݱ봩嫵Ϻ
ˮǶţһ򵥵ʶ˵֪˺ܶ࣬ȥĵط٣Ӵ͸ˣʵܶͼʵͻȣҲһߴ߰ɡ
Ұˣ
ɽ˽ҰˣˮŮ˿е֪ҲѪһˣֻǸǿѪһˣѪһ˱ݵѪһҪ߲١
ˣںЩ˵ĹϵǺܺõġŮ˵һ䡣
ô˵ˮɻ˵
ڵǶҲѪһѪͳһǺܴ֡Ůˮ˵
ѪһѪǻѪˮŵ˵֪ϵ˻һ˵ӵġ
ѪţǰɣŮҲһ㶲Ц
ˮеΣΪڴ½ѪһѪӽѪһҰˣδˣϸߵҰޣҲɲһ
һ˶ǿҰ˵ģѪһģѪһһ֮ǰҲǲж״̬ڴӦúѪһ˹ѾǽˣҽǶŽᴴ漣ΪѪһӻһͷԣѪһҲĤѾһ֮ҲΪʲôǻԽԽ츳ҲԽǿġŮһ»˵
֮ˮˡ
ĶҲڣ˵ֻˮĿŮˡ
ǵģ֮ʵѵõģΪһ˶ж£ֻܲһ˿֮ŮЦŽ͵
ˮҲȻˣǲףԼʲôпܣ̫֮ѵõˡ
֮Ҳô棬˵֮ͿԳΪǿߣӵ֮˿ԴĿս⣬ʵʧս൱塣Ů˽˵
һ֮һǲǶõ֮ˮʵ
һһ񰲾ҵȻ֮෴û֮֮ܵʱҲ˲
֮ˮʱоͷܴ
㲻þȣ֮֮Ҳûô棬൱һʣһܶܶһᱻ˵ǣȻܵһЩ˵жԣҲ˵Ƕ˲˶ˣͻγһͱսѹͣǲܸõ⡣ŮЦ˵
⻹治ôˣҲֻ֪û֮ʵҲƶбˮȻЦ
ԣ龳˶źǿ֮Ůˮ˵


1282 ֮һְ
ˮһҲˣݾߣϡޱȣ֮٣ҲܳһÿһǷȻкܶ˳ݣ֮ҲΪ֡
߲֮ܳƵ½ɣ߶Ը֮µһ־ѹԵĴֻƾƾſµ
ѵ֮ôã֮ԭ𣿡ˮԼû֮Ժ֪
ȫǣǰ˵ˣ֮ûô棬Ͼﵽ֮ʵᷭ츲صı仯ȻҲᷢ޴ı仯һߣԼͻ֮ᷢŵĻУŵĻûУһԼΧ˸һһڹؼʱ̼Ǳܱһʵеأʱʱ顣ŮЦŽ͡
ˮˣ֮˵ȻúõĻЧеġ
ģ˵ԲȫţҲȫĲšŮ˿ˮɫٴ˵
ˮҡҡͷŮ˷һˡ
лǰЩˮǺܸлŮ˵ģЩǴﶼ˽⵽ġ
лңһõһϢǴڵǶž˵ԵõһЩ޵֮Ϊ֮ģ˵Դѱϵõһ˿Ҳ֮ĵǿ󡣡
ˮһ㶣뵽ԼԼĽѵҰҲļƺõ֮Ҳ΢΢ʵٳɶ࣬Ů˵ģʱʱ޵һЩ츳֮ȻˮоǲԼĽķˬ
Եõ޵֮𣿡ˮٴηԼʾ
ԣԭѱһ㶼һ֮˸ı޷Խ֮ҲԽࡣ
ˮһ㶣뵽Լޣ˵ıĶǷ츲ˣΪʲôûио֮ء
ôܸ֮ܵˮԼһˮƽ⡣
֮налŮһ˵
ˮڶˣԼ߲ʵͻ֮֮˵ľ֮ͻȻˮоޱȵĿģԼӦҲ֮ģ߲ʵʱǲǺ֮йϵء
ӽ޴ﵽľ磬ˮϵõĺôҲģ
ܿˮͷһУ˵ǲ룬ϰеʵϲ֮ȥ
뿪֮ˮٿŮ˵ʱ֪ŮҲſֲʵΪŮϵǿ󣬶ʵҲֲܿܲŮȷʵ
ʱ䲻֪İȥˣһˮ֪˲ٵĶǹݵһЩʶţһĳʶ

ʱˮ̨诡뿪Ů˻ˮ֪Ů˽ʲôˮ֪һ㣬ŮһȥݣǸйµŮˡ
ȥ漸ɡˮЦ˵
ŮҲȥתתԶǵͷܿŮˣΪ׾뵽ϴ龰
ˮٺٵЦţȻֱ˫һסһʩչУ
һ˲͵׳ǣˮׯԺһŮ͸ȻˣϾɫˣһ̨诿ˡ
ȥҹУ̨ˮ˵
һȥɣˮȻЦ˵
Ҳȥϡ̨诼ˣɲپĻ棬ˮǰѾˣ޷ƽ֣˭ҲƽϾİˣİҲǡ
ȷʵǸ⣬ҹƲÿζɣǰӦɺϣϾҺ̺ܶˣҲα㿴˵ҲˣҲ㿴ˡˮ˵ʵҲˣ˵˵Ժ󲻻ٳˣǰκܿһɺϣֻЩ˵еֵֹġ
ˮ˵ʲôء˵ˣȻ̨诣ȥ֣˯
˵У̿ˮ죬̴ϡ
ˮֻʶȤıͣóľżܣһһǣ
ˮʲôã̸ǴķЩۼ飬һ˵һѧᡣ
Ѫľżܾܺ£Ȼ޵ĶɫһɫҲܺÿɫرĲ
ľżĲ̨诿ĵ˵
ﻹЩװƷϲϲ԰ڷСˮóϰٸľżܣЩľż
̨诺һȻ˲߳ţѾƻͨˣܵ˵Ϥġ
Ͼһʱ䣬ˮϰ߾û߹Ľֵ־Լ㼣̤ݴ½Լ㼣ӡϾݴ½ÿһͽܣϧ֪Ըֻһ롣
˹ҹһ飬ÿ˶ڲͬĲ棬ϲͬһԼͬˮھΧɫɫĸˡ
ףҪĸһ۵
ˮһŮ˱һɰСŮ˵϶ôƯأһĸɫʡ
СŮֻӣָһտĵط˵
ѾͷٳԾͻʹģһκòãŮǳЦ˵
úá
ˮ뵽ԼĺӣλҲв𣬵Ҹһģ˸ҲһģҲһģЩǲֵȼġ
ˮŲͬŲͬʽһͬ㣬ǶŲ̆ߣߴߡ
ˮԼС߹·ٿΧһʱдŮˮججһ㣬·ĳ˷ûдˮ˼·
ͻȻǰһɧžͿһӰĵ߱ײڻججˮϣˮû£ȴǾҪײʱˮһץס˶Է
Ҫץˣһͻأ
ˮʱŷץŵһӣѾѪ߰ߣȫһš
ˮҲûʲôֱϵ˼ָֹס˶ԷϵѪҺʱΧѾճһƬأʮΧ˹
棬бܰҵŮܵһ˹
ŮˣҵӣǿҵӣڷѪˡŭЦŽе
ӣٿϵŮǾҵŮˣ𣿡һ˳ϸݣ˫ϸҲѿȴǲͿ
ûܼңʲô詶ҾȳҾˣҲĸԸˣҲĿˡЦĺܾѡ
˵ǸΪ詶ϲ㣿ҽĿЦеɭ˵߳һഺŮӡ
ŮĻԸе˺ǻٿеŮȻһŮɫ覣Ҫǿ뱣ĳ嶯
詶ϲ˭Ůŵ˵
詶ҲӦÿܵ˵İ
濴Ůӣһ³


1283 ҿ׷
棬Ҵûϲ㣬߰ɣԶҪڼ㡣
Ůӿ˵
詶˵ʲô㲻ϲңҵӣ˵빲ġ
治ĵ˵оͻȻ谵ˣ׵Ļ谵ˡ
߰ɣԺҪҡŮֱӴ뿪
˵Ůתٿһۡ
ʱٵ۾ȴһֱû뿪̨诺̣ϾŮǸŮӵɫʸ̫࣬ϲɵȻ
ٲջ˫ۣҲջˮʱЦ˵
Ŀⶢˮһɫһ̰ϧûӵģԶԼһڶӡ
Ҵ򣬰Ůĸץȥߵ˴ĺȵ
ˮŮʹξвŵطģܼһ治֪ϾһûˮС
οﻹ׳ǣܼǿǿ׼
Ļʳˮûȥ׳ǻˣһλ׳ǣҲû˼Ҳûоȫ̤㡣
׼ңˮҲ;ˣһθܵ׼Ҽݺ褵ķϲʲôҲܺ׼
߹·Ҳˣߣܴʼճߵ̫ˣˣŮҲˡ
ųʮˣˮֱӻ֣һΧ˵ɳȥѪԲѣˮǿʱѾսľ٣˵Ҫȡһ˫ӵġ
ƾֱӴٵ˫ۣһҽҲ˹ȥΧΧ۵Ѿɢ߰˰ˣʣµҲʼ뿪Ͼ˭Ҳǻ
ȥ뿪
ˮЦ˵
ϲˡ
ɵСӣΪô˵ģⶼ
ʱҲشٵνԣɼ滹Ǻϲϲӵġ

澪һŮӣŮӻеįȴǿ档
濴ϤĹâǰסŮߵˮŮǰллɩȣҲ֪ôǡ
ˮЦŵݸһöָƵĵҩдһ٣ϣҲ֣ˣ˵ģ뿪ɣٲ߾ˡ
ŮˮŮľһȻ뿪ˣûʲô֤ˮܿģΪһ뿪϶ˣʲôҲ˵˵˷粻˵
ˮΪʲôְˣʵҲûʲô󲿷˶᱾ܵͬߣԱԱǲͻģЩȴֻ͵ȡңȥ͵ûжмٽʳҲ͵ȡ˵
Ҳ֪ʲôԭܼҲûˮҲϾɱҹеҲûˣֱӴŮׯ԰Ȼ̨诣ֱӱˡ
̨е㶣ЦҡҡͷԱߵ¥ȥ
ɨԱڣˮѾǵĹǮ⼸˵Ҳ̤ʵôʱһֱ
仹뿪ʱӣһȾ
ˮôǰ˵Һһ𡭡
̴ʱˮǵúò״˵
УѾþò֪ζˣܱܲҰɣ
ˮٺٵЦţֻѾ°ڣ֡
㲻ҵ𣿡
ɫģһںС
Ҫչأʱ
ڲаɣѾӦˡ
̻û˵꣬ˮٴζס죬˵·׷£ˮŭͦܿ㱻һʪȰΧĵͺһ
һˮûз̨诳֣ԼҲûϴһʶ棬̱Ҳе㵣ģķ
һ¥̨ʵˮôãʱõõϴһ𿴣ûоɣΪ̡
ʱ䳤ȻоƺһЩһоǿңˣ۾Լķ䣬ΪԼĻþǿԸܵĸоһ˺ȵ˸Ȫˮ
ʱܿԼһӰˮϱĻһֻ̻
߷ߡߡϵᣬֵ֪ĸоĻþһþȴôʵ
ͻȻһһ˲Ľֱһ·ܵһֵĸоûнڶŵڶΡΡ
ڶ̲˼ȥ̨请ֻǵʱһ


1284 㲻ңֻ
̨ˣǹˣϻд飬ɫе԰׵̨诣Ŀš
̨ϸǺϼܲ
ãôˣ
̵ĵ˵
Ǹ쵰ûûˡ
һϲ˯Ҳ㲰
̲ʵ
֪ˣá
̹ŹֵĿ̨诡
̽˵ʲôԼ𡭡ںܲףһϣôȴ㾫񣬶ҿƯŮζˡ
̨诺˵
ˣȴǾȵݣȻ龰̨֪֪Ҫˡ
ãˮҶ˫޹ԲŻȻûкˮʵĹϵѾˣ֪ʲô㣬ϲϲҪԽһ¡
̺ܴͳ̨ΪԼ˼ˮнӴֻԼ
̨ҡҡͷûˣ
ֻ˵뵽ĸоôûֵĸоһͷһĸоѵŮ֮µĸо𣬹ֲôʳ֪ζ̽ĶׯŮҲϲ
ã𣿡
̴̨诶˵
̽ڻˡ
ˣҲ㣬⻵кüˣ㻹Լɣҵð˫֮㣬Ȼ尡һ
˵ѿھ˵˳
緹ʱˮҲ̨诵ı仯ŹֵĿ̨诣Ԫʧܶ࣬ԼҲҪиȡ
̻û˵̨Ǹ쵰
˵̨һƬʪˮҲ֪Լ˵Ĺˡ
ˮ֪ʲôˣ̨ʱоǺ죬㲻йϵˣԼˣԼƺҲûгԿ
̨С㣬ҲޱӰ
֪ĲĲҽˮȥ̨诣Լǻطˡ
ſޱӣ
̨读ͷˮ
һѩ£޳һʥһһ˫ӣʥħӣţסʥ࣬һĴ
ʱ˫еίе㸴ӡ
úãҿޱӣǸһܲ׷㡣
ˮֱӿ˵
Դϴ֪֮Ѿ뷨ŮϲһŮͼϵŮӣָоԼǾԻ塣
Ǹһܲ׷㣿
ˮеСʵ
Ҳˮ˼ʳĻ仰̨һе㲻˼ĿˮоԼǲˣɻĿˮ
ûģǸŮˣҲܺãԺϲֻǲ֪һûʸ񣿡
ˮЦ˵
㻹ǵһοƯɣ
̨诿ˮƬ˵һˮҲǲ֪Ļо̨ǲ⡣
̨诵һȥϺʱһ棬ڶμʱܱķ̨诲ʶԼֻ˵һӡ󣬵ʱȷʵһ¡
ˮҲ⣬ʱԼйʲôҲ㣬̨ҵǸ˵ǻ棬̨һţݣĲ֪ʲôʱѾˡ
飬֮ҲһСˮбʩչеʱ֣˵еŮСڣЩŮȴǲһ
̨课һŮˣһ׷û覴õˣҲһ覴ãԵûнӴϵ顣
޳Щ鲻ܿƵģϲϲˮϻش𣬲ϲȻҲᣬǸסˣǾˮԶǡ
˵ϲһ˵Ļ㣬ǾɣΪһסˣ⼴ʹʱڲ֪ת䡣
ˮҲ̨֪诲ᰮоҲӦҲްɣǲ֪ŮǲǴˣǲϲŮ˵ˣˮе㲻ţܸоԼѾŮˣں̸е㡣
һ˲䣬ˮ˺ܶԣ֪ԼʲôԼҲоԸе㸴ӣеأЩվǰǡ
ƯǿģƯ˿Ҳ䲻Ư
ˮ˵һ䣬̨֪读᲻شԼǰ⣬شˮҲΪѡ
̨뵽ԼʦһʦԶԶĿˮʱ͸˺ܸߵۣһֱйĶԼ˽
ɲΪʦлģ϶õģʦǰһܺˮûѡܶʵʦԭ
׷ң
̨ЦſˮҲ𽥵Ļֳָ̬
ţǵģ׷㡣
ˮæͷһ˵
ΪʲôҪ׷ң
̨ȫ
Ҷ㿴ˣȻˡ
ˮһ˵һ̨诲㱩ߵɡ
̨ɫ΢죬ƽ޷ƽˮһۣãԺҵˣһ㸺ģԺҵģȻһ᲻Ҫġ
úãСʹ£һҪᡣ
ˮ̴ϡ
쵰å
̨΢۾ˮ
ԲûǸ˼˵һ飬Ҫ׷㡣
ˮ̨֪ǰˣҲûʲôҪ壬һҪı֤ڸϵһҪ档
ǲǲҸоܺá
̨üˮʥľŮôˮĶ֣ˮ۵ģݺҲʵȷЧġ
ģʵҾô׷ˣ㿴һֱĻ񡣡
ˮæóһӻ滭Ķ
ŮͼΪ˵ˮĻǺܲģ̨Ҳһľ磬ٱǰƬǿ
̨ˣһӻʵʵڵĴڵĶһԼһ˿覴ã˵һ˴ﵽ磬ȰӡӡȻĻ
Լһʱ䲻ȻҲ´Լ峺Ҳû֣ЩԼĻһʱˡ
Ȼ̧ͷˮĿ峺Ҳһ˰ŷ¿һ棬ȴǷֲûʧȥøУûܵӰ졣
һʼΪΪ̣ڷֲȫǣ֣סһˣǵúһеĿʼŻһЩֶ仯һĵĴʱһоͻᷢʵı仯
ЩҲǣ
ˮ̨诣Ȼܸܵһ˿仯ûио˼ϲŮ˺ܿ죬ʵǸ棬ѾҪ̨׷ֻ֣һֱûлᡣ
ϲŮˣϲںŮˣϲʵŮˣϲ߹ŮˣҲϲŮˣֻԼǰ
ˮоԼҲǻģϲһŮ˺ܼ򵥣Σ˼ȫĻģǻ©Щ©һעģ̨课һ
̨Ƭ˵㲻ңֻ㣬ҴӦ󡣡
ˮ׼˵ʲôû뵽ֱ̨˵һǿĴ𸴣ˮоʦǸĻеơ
㲻ޣ
ˮæʵ
㡣
㲻δޣ
ˮٴʵ
ʡ£˵׷ҵģôֱӰұϴ
̨һ۾е䡣
Ҳǣ˵㣬Ҿ˵еˣ㲻ƽңҲġ
ˮٴηԼĺƤ
ˮ̨Ҳ۾һգŵӱסˮĲӺˮ
ˮһֱӱס̨诵
ңֻ㣬ǰ˵Ļô𣿡
̨诺ˮ
սߣµĺϢˮϣ͡
ˮϽܿıס̨֪ǰ˵Ǿ仰ʵѾǴӦԼ˵ԼŮѳɶֻ֣ǳŮ˵֣Ż
ˮû뵽ŻôЧ̨֪Ҳһͨˣֻûˮľߣ֪ˮԼǼŴʲôֲΣžܻģʲôĺöϲʲôܻã̸عԼôã϶ô棬һˮͻȻ֮һЩ
ˮ̨诣һ㣬ΪŮͼϵŮӣҲϲϲŮģʮ쾭ˮҲŽǲǿԴͨʮ쾭
֪ܴܲͨʮ쾭֪˵ʮ쾭ûдͨйϵŮ˶ͨеһһЩʵ
ˮҸо֣
ôˣ
ˮʵ
ҷһЩ
ǲǶңһǣңһ˵Ķ
ţô֪
̨课̧ͷ˵
ΪҲǣоǣ诶ˣ
ˮЦ˵
̨ˮĳƺҲֵĸо
ûһᣬ̳ˣ΢Цſűһˣ̨诿̺󲻺˼æƿˮѸٻһƬ
Цǰס̨诵Цʵ֪һһ죬ʲôܿģһ㿴ء


1285 ޾ѪйԽϣ
̵̨ĻﻹһԼҲԼˮ֮Ѿ˶֣ǲˣ˵Ļֻܼ޸ͻȻ뵽Լʦ˵Ļ׼أԼǱʶܵӰ졣
ЩѾҪˣ΢Ц̣һûΪԼӽʲô仯̫Ů˶ǿ˼ûֻһŮ˵ģǿŮҲļ޸һͨˣԵ϶ǿŮҲⲻҪŮ˹ͬӵһˡ
ֻкٺٵǿ˺ǿŮãֻ±˴ˣٵļҲ
ˮһ̣һ̨Ժеĳ£ȻˣڵǺ䣬̫⣬ůģ˺
˾ʲôҲ˵Ҳ֪ʲôʱŮˮļϣֵ㴫ˮ˵㣬֮ǰôҲܲģýǮԣϵĽȣֵһᡣ
ˮǵһ𣿡
̧ͷǳЦſˮ
ȻԺôﶼǵļңֻҪʱסϼ죬źܴļֵġ
ˮܿĵ˵
Ůֵˣ֪ܿˮǸ˼ǲǸ˼ŮֲǺ
ʦ֪ңһȡЦҵġ
̨еƵ˵
Ůˣҵ˻ʦȡЦһȲһİɣ
ˮƵĿ̨诡
ˮ̨Цˣڻҵˣ˵һǻġ
ŶףҲˣǽһ˯ˡ
ˮŮ˵
Ҳ룬ÿһǺöﶼЩĶ
ˮɾ̨̺һ䣬ˮ֪Ůһкܶ໰Ҫ˵
ɾ俪ʼ飬Ҫγһ̶ֹģʽˣˮóƿ޾ѪʱӦÿʹˡ
ˮҡҡֻĵ޾ѪͨʶҲ֪̲ǿˮиܵһϤ
ԼʶпֻɫϢûϢϾǾѪҲп֮ǰǿ֡
Ȼ޵ľѪҪʹһΡ
йԽϣ
ˮͻȻ뵽СǲҩҲһΣ뵽Щˮ˷ܣ뵽ֱųйԽϡ
СڿֻСǣӲӵӣС۾ȻֻССȴǿܻ飬ˮĻĹš
ˮȡһ޾Ѫȡ˲һǿϢӣܵǿϢˮԥˣҪҪǸйԽʳãϾСһξѪʲô
ˮԵûΣգشСһһڽһ޾Ѫ£˲ȫʢȻСֱʧиѪء
һиѪؾֵˮˣиѪصľѪˮľѪһڴѪҺһ㡣
ϽѪƺҲ׳ƺһߣˮȵķ֣ʵȻڻ
ǧƣˮȵǱʵǧƣȫʵǧ治ʲôʵǧƣˮϲޱȵģǰܵѪƺõһѪҺ
ʵٴһЩѪҺеиôǺգգһӣ֪ĸܵһ
иѪصĿйԽƺ˯һظѪضһֻķ״̬ƺдѪҺֻкôûлҪ˳ʱ򿴵ֻкܻԾƺܣԵһȦ
ȷû˳йԽƺڽ֪һοйԽʲô仯ӦûǿٰɣΪˮɱﵣСʱ
ʵӲٵˮ㣬ֱӻս޳ɳˮое֮ѪҲΪؼһͻưɡ
ܵ޾Ѫͺ󣬿ˮҲûԥҪԼʵӣҪԼʵӣҲܿͻţϱߵҰսЩ˾˵ܶ඼Ϊս
ΪеӽޣΪͬ࣬оǸ߼ޡ
ȥĽ˲ǽ޾ѪֱӱգϾͻЧǰĿйԽϣСƺҲ֮Ѫ
𡭡
ûٱ󣬵ȴڷž޴ı仯ӵ˵仯ǾڵƣԶһ㣬е
վһ˺ѵصƲϵɢȥǷ·԰
ȥˮĿŽȻιʱ̣ʵ仯Ǻܿ͹۵ġ
ʵﵽ˾ƣҲǾ
ˮæ¿
֮սõʮʵ
Ҳˣˮ⡣
çײ޲𹥻ʮĿꡣ
ĿֶʮǽȺɱսȺɱǺܲս
̤Բ磬屶ʵĹһļΧĿ֫ľ޷ж
ˣˮϲĽշħֻ̤ǺΪ˿Ƽܣе㼦ˣѪ֮ٴη˱仯Ժսʵġ
˲ǧ֮˲Ծ
ս˲һɵԷǿɱĿɵٶȣһʱ
շħʩչǧ֮ڵĶĿ꽵һɵʵĿ겻Գʮʱһʱ
սûб仯ˮˡ
ͻ˲䷢屶ĹĿ꣡
Ҳûб䣬ˮеСơ
棺µĺ󹥻джƼ׵Ĺͬʱеٶȡ
ۼףսķ͹һǿ͹ĸ
һۼˮֻڵĽ֮ǰǿڵĻ࣬ǲѷɫĴڡ
ʱˮܵж˵ʲôǽķһʵˮϾǰǧƣϧڻգҪɷ塣
̨ʦˮ֪ʲôˣֹҪŬʵϾԺҪȥݣҪĸ׵ǵˣһԼҪһŮˣħħ
һ鷨ˮʯһ磬е޷һǻͽҲ⣬ϧǻյġ
һˣһõĿʼ˵ʣµӦҲˣֻҪյһ磬ͻĹһ
ǿĹԴﵽǧǧĺͻյֱӷһ
ʯľˮϣ˵յӦҲˣڴһ죬ΣԼ޶ʵ̫ˡ
ڵʵǧƣʵ˺ܶ࣬Ͼ߲ʵǽ𵤡Լȡ
ʯˮӰӵĳ뻯ٶȺĹˮʵҲ˺ܶ࣬ˮʼ߲Ź
ǰˮùһΣһֱûʹùͻȻսǿǾŹиģʩչ߲Źʱ򣬿ÿһԻһȻһҷŹ֮ڵһ谭
˼һˮﻹ޾Ѫֻʹá


1286 ޾Ѫǿǿޣ˶
Ҫʹõģˮԥ񣬵ʹ޾ѪΪľѪ
Ƿ˵ѪڤҲǷ˵һ֣һǺǿķ֮һ
⵹ǺˮȣܿˣϾ⾫Ѫǿʹõ޳̬ı仯
ʹãˮˣֱӻͷޣȺͷ뽻ͷûκ⣬ˮκζжҲ¡
ˮԥֱͷʹ޾Ѫ
Ϊ˻ˮе㵣޲ʹãˮĵģ޿ʹãԶɫ޵ģᷢ仯ҪҪ޵
ܿͷϹδʢӴɢͷĽϸ̶һǰŹ
ʱˮˣͷ뻹߸ͷмǿŽɫԴϳǣƽְͷ뿴ǰ֮
ˮ֪һͷı仯ӦǹؼԵһΣԺͷǿԺԼĽԼһսˡ
Ȳڵͷﵽһʲô硣
ͷ룡
ţֱˣ
ˮϲ˵
ֵˮٴο޴룬ǿмĽɫԴֻǳֻǣԼԼһ˿εӣȻֻֻԴͽͷͬͷĽɫͷûнͷôе
ѵΪͷŮġ
ʵﵽƣʵͻ񻹲һ㣬Ҳ޵һ㣬ͷǿϵޡ
Ԫͷ츳սõʵʮġ
Ԫı仯ˮһ£仯뵽ˣû뵽ô࣬ͷкܴĹϵɣֱͻԼͬȵĸ߶ȡ
ʴͷ뷢޵иǿĸʴճԣ͵˿ǵҲԿϣ˺˺
˿ƣͷԷһ˿ǧҾйƣٶȼ죬˿ճԺͶԸǿʵ屶
սûʲô仯ƵľǧףӲ١
Ⱥ빥޵Ķǿ񣬿ĹߵΪͷ룬һʳ롣
սһ仯ˮô⣬оǺ£ԴԺ¡
˿ɣսģٶʮ屶
˿Ҳʮʮ屶Ǳսˮˡ
ͷİޱȣżǿĶԺʹ͸Ч
ܣͷķǿ
ףսͷ屶ļ̡Լ˿ļ̡ճԼԡһĹͳ־ģ
ˮھһоرˬһף̷ճԶˣҪǹҲˣһڿϵҲҪ㹻ܶ࣬ûͷ˿סԷ̫ƻᱻԷߣ߾ͻᱻѣ˵١
ͷǿĹ¿Դﵽǧǿ£϶ѾȺ룬ǵɱҲǺܿˡ
ͷĻ촩ظˮһύһ£ͷѾһŮеöֻеİǣԽѾɫˡ
ˮޣڵûκα仯ֻǴС˲٣֮ǰ֮һࡣ
ˮļֻ޴Сڶ࣬׺ײչ˫еˡ
޵ıʵƣҲȻٵһȻȴǻˮޱȣΪ޵Ŀǿ֮ǰһʵڵѾǿˡ
׻壺޵ĶеʮʵģתܵмʽԷסͬʱԵԷй
׻ֱһ࣬޾Ѫ治С⾫ѪӦľѪ
׻ͨڵ׵֮Ĺı벻óǧףд΢Ч١ӦЧۼӣ׻ĵʮ֮һ
һҲһǧףǿ˲١
׻׵׼׵Чûб䣡
ǿһΧһļöԷԣΪ
һЩȺ幥
սõʮٶȣ
ٶȿ˲٣ٶȱ֤ϵ޵
ͬھûб䣬ˮ⡣
֮ŭսģ׻׻
һ֮ŭˮЦˣ⻹֮ŭһǸ޵Ĺ޵ĹܴﵽǧǧοҪǿ
ˮԽԽеϣĺͻյľʱֱֻ޾վţݵĶˣǸڵŲô츳˵ãˮҲ壬оԵĲǡ
ͨ鱦Ҳһ磬ϧôǿҲ֪ʲôʱ
ҩҩҲˣˮڷûжôڴһʼоԼӵеĵҩǿ󣬵Ժǿˮһ㣬Щҩҩúǿǿο˵еĵҩĵҩϧ֪ûС
ˮ磬һҲֱӴɾģǰģȻûһŮҲˡ
緹ˮģĺܷʢֻǻûüԣˮ͸оʶסԼһֲʶܹŹ֡
ʶסˮ֪뻹ԶܸܵסԼʶ֣ûв´Ӧһޡ
ˮ֪ܲܳ극ѡŮԷ
ܺ棬ʲôҪԸԼҪ˵˲٣ʱ鷳Ӧֻһ
ڣ
ˮȻ֪еǺҰ˹ϵܺãȴһҲġ


1287 ۢ壬綾߻
ˮ֪һ죬ϾɱһӣǴڵһϣҴһ
ˮһһֱӽǹεʶоٷӦûκġ
ʶˮһóĽ۾ǱɱһӡǣӡΪ۵ģֶοͨӡ׷Ѱˮ
ʶԷסԼҪҪһʱ䣬Ϊ۵ӡǲô׸ģһִӡǣˮɱһᱻӡǸţһϻ᲻ðˮǿ󣬲˿š
һٷ³꣬һ߳ԺͿԶʮڵһЩڵƺ߷
˲ˮٴθܵʶŮȥϢһ¡
˵ˮֱڿն𣬳ڿУȻ뿪ԼׯԺԶһľ룬Ů濴ûȥҲûиš
ʱ֣ʣʮֻյĳڿлеƱһ㡣
ˮĿЩɨԶ϶ǴڵˣǵķǴڵģЩ˶˵ģûзѪһ
ʱ˳ǱãеѹͰʵȻȻżָӣֻкٳˣ˺ͺûȷĻ֣Ҳûа֣֮ʤΪ˭һһǸطǸɣһ˲ģֻҺܸܲһõ滷
˭ΪʲôҪɱҴڵˣ
мĿֱݵ޳ȴΣյϢһ֦
Ҳ֪ʲôڣɱ˶ˣЩɱҲûȤ˭
ˮǹˡ
СӣΪѧݾΪΪˣЦѧĸҲɱ㡣
˵Ļն
ˮڶˣһǽҪ󣬶Ҫѧֻˮе㲻ףôǿ
ˮЦˣˣѧĸҲɱΪԼǰǧʵ޵еĴ𣿡
ˮĻĿһĿ⣬סˮҲ֪֪ҵʵģǧȻţǿģԸ㹻ˣѧʵңοҴڱǿĻܶࡣ
ˮû뵽λ濴ԼΪ˸ѧʩѹ˵ʵҲǧ㡣
ˮڻǲô£֪Ҳܴ⣬Լ޶ԸеǿˮеţֻǹҪ־սˡ
˵ţݣһҪѧˣϧˡ
ˮҡҡͷƺϧ˵
ţϧʲô
ƺˮ֪ڵܾ档
ϧ̫ˡ
СӽǾ㿪
ˮĻҲڶ˵ֱˮŵһֻڵìȣɢһ˿Ϣ趯֮ƺһһ

Ź
ˮŲæĶ㿪˵ʵǿڻӲʯԻʹ˻£׵Ķ㿪ġ
ˮ㿪һɫˮֱг˽󣬼ȻҪǾʹĳ׵㡣
ˮ֪ʹڵǽᶨˣȻǾ֮ڻһˡ
շħ֮

ͷ룡
ޣ
ˮּ佫ֻ˳мǸֻвǧʵֻǧΧʮ˾͸Ӳˣ޴ûѹˮѾչ˹
ˮֱʹ˴֮ӡ
ϧûгַĹǧͷмߡ
ϵʹ̤֮ʹ˽ս
ͷٻѸٵĶΧ˽ɱɱٶѪЩǵľӢ
ԶԶʹ׻ˣˮסһ޲סһͽסһĿܿ£ǲмǸ˶ܽʱе
һкͻȻһиڵ˳ȴǲģŰ˻ûȫ𺳾Ѿʧˡ
һˮԼԼ޶սЩˣʵǧǧʵľȻûѹ
⻹ûյʵյˮּЩ˾練ˡ
һСʱ䣬ֻʣˣϾЩ˵ʵͷǺ׵ģǱءʴ
ϷۢΣ
мǸ֪ٴȥԻˮҲƣʮδ֮ӡˣҲûгһιģ˵ֱЦʵͷ˲֪Ҫ˵ҷŹǣ㻹ǲҪ˵ˡ
Ϸǲмģֻ֮ǰܸܲҼ⡣
˵ǺӲ˵
ŶڵȾȱ
ˮüëһ忴˵
ף֪ˣ
ϻΪƾǼСϺ׾ܶѧļš
ˮ׳һ
ˣʦΪһΪݵģҪʧˡ
ۢ̾Ѿû˶־

еһ׻ˣֻһ̴ٵĲҽС
ǸУʱ˿ѷɫ
壡
ͻȻһ
ݵֱһɣֺɫȴǱһֻ޴ĺ߰Χţһž޴ɭڵͷϿոһС
ˮһֿˣҰоǿߣҴڵӦѪһѪΪʲôǰ˲ʩչء
ҴԼҰӵе񼼣ȫѻΣֻдںѪһĺԱſѧϰҪʺϲſѧϰʹúһ£Ҿ֪
Ѿɽˮĵزֻɱˮ
ˮʱҲеΪ˺ֻ޴ĺΪһ壬ʵֱӱ˺ܶ࣬ǰǧѾﵽһһǧ
ôԵ뵽ͻйϵʱǿ׳ճһ޴ĺɫһһɺɫһĶ֮ͷĿѣ
綾߻ʣ
ֲôԵˮڶԵĿ廹Ǻǿģֱʹһ
һ
һɫʥϢˮΪӣɫֱ໥ڣˮȵǣɫԵޱȣȻİһİɫڣˮһ粻ߣǿƾ綾֮ģڵһγ˵ԷĶ̫ǿ
ˮΧ״Ҳ޷ǰˮϵĺȻɲôױġ
СϹȻб컹ǻ

޴ľ綾߻һһˮȥΧһľ綾ˮҺתΪ綾߻һĻˮͷƤ顣
綾ˮȴûвҷֿΪϤʶٴסǰǱⶫʶסġ


1288 Ѱϱۣ㲻
ǰǱʶģôݣ˴룬ˮûз֮ǰסԼʶڣ֪ˣȻ綾߻ʡ
ųľ綾߻ʣԼǿµľ綾һ㣬ֱг˾ɽ
ɽڵѾﵽǧİٶȻڵľ綾߻ʻܶ࣬ˮбĺС
ٴһӣ
շħĹ庣ڣ
ˮž綾߻ʵĳҲţһͺȻת۷壬ȻȻɽȶں߲ʵУʹá
ھ綾߻ʺ;ɽײһʱˮĽշħҲײ˾ɽϣ޴ĽɫӽնյĽӲӵġ
ԡ
һıˮˣȻˮͣǵֵס綾߻ʵĳײǾɽ㹻̣ٱײ飬߱Һʳ˰ɡ
綾߻ʵӰҲֹͣӰһٴˮδһҺһһˮ
綾߻ʵĿǶҪΪ綾߻ʵٶȺȻ쳣̬ģǶﻹǾ޴еĻߣͷǾ޴ĺڻʹڰޱȡ
ʥʯָ
ߣ
ˮǵݵ˿ߣˮٴκͽʩչ˽շħͻ֮
ǰ˲٣һЧȻҪ٣ֱٴαǧʹ˻оǧʵ
Ȼ໹Ǻܴ󣬵ˮоԼм֮
ԣ
ˮһײϣлͺȻִ֮֮жԼ֮ӡ
ʹˮһѪڣеͷΣʶеĽһһֱѣ
ӡ
޴ֱ̨˾綾߻ϣʱҲһսס˾綾߻ʡ
һñΪٶȱ˺ܶ࣬ʱҲ׻
ϫӡ
ˮ֮ƣ
ˮͼõģ綾߻ʵ̿һˣˮԼԸԼޣȻԼֻһǿһ
ʵۢΪʹѸٵĽˮȻߵļֻޣʰˮ⼸ֻʰ
֮ӡ
֮ӡ
ˮ֮ӡ
ٶʧȥƵľ綾߻ʣˮвСˣԶս׻ϵĺھ綾߻ʵϡ
ۢһʼҲû̫СС׻ֻʱ֪ˣϧʱѾˡ
֮ӡ
һεĺһɵļʹֱӽ綾߻ʺȥһеĲҽУҲֻ˶Է
Ͼʵˣ֮Ĳ໹ǲ̫󣬾ǧʵǿԳסˮһǧĹ
ǹãһ̱ˮоرĺȻܣôϣԼ־ܴ
ˮͻȻۢһֱţ㶵ʱ޿һҲ׻һһĺ˾綾߻ϡ
ˮЦſŻҵľ綾߻ʣ壬㻹ǻҶ嵹ǺܸȤҿ㲻
ˮĶȤȻŶԷ
ǿԸ㣬ôõ᲻һȥ
ۢ˵һˮŵĴ𰸡
˵ٻһĻᣬǰңҵĻһԾŶģңǾֻѡˡ
ˮЦ˵
ȰұƵһߵʱ˵ɣ
ۢһ޴ľ綾߻һһգȻſˮȥִѸٵһ⡣
ϱĵҺΣͨ˶ܲµⶫմһζĴڣһֺɫڡ
ŹתǬ
׻
Ѫ٣
ˮһжһ˲ɣȻѪʹҪһʱ䣬׻״̬»ǿʩչġ
޴Ѫٽ綾߻סͬʱΪ˱գͷ븯ʴһѪϡ
У
綾߻ʷһҽУѪٶʱҪ˾綾߻ʵ綾߻Ҳ޷һҲֻˡ
Ǹ߸ס⼸ֻ޺ϻ
ڿ˵𣿡
ˮűۢʵ
޷ܵвٶʱûвȻܲȥҲ޷ɱңҵľӦúܿͻˡ
ۢԼȫסӦòܹԼ
ʧʲô㻹治ģ
ˮЦֱгѰ
ˮһȥѰٵĳ嵽Ѫۢλóȥһ·йȥһѪٻǸʴһ

У
ͣ
ۢҽе
ѰֱŪۢһ첲ھ綾߻Ū˸һ״СĶǾ綾߻㹻Ĵ󣬹һ¶ˡ
ѰҩǱޣκξ綾µ˱龳֮µ˺ѣֻҪסˣСˮһɱﵡ
˵ɣʵȤĲ̫ã
ˮƽ˵
ſңҵʱ쵽ˣȻһֱġ
ۢҰ˵
ģ㲻ġ
ܿ״̬ʧѪûжйҲѲѪٵĿơ
һƤ˳ˮסд壬ֻⱾֳⲻ⣬бֳӦҲǵλеģԼҰľԲࡣ
ˮ㷭һ£ȫûбƻоⱾҲеʱ䣬оġ
ۢˮģֻۢû˵Ҫһ㣬ûѪһѪֻᱬ
ֻӵѪһѪ˲ֻһ㣬ڵ˺ܶ඼ѪһѪֻӵеѪһѪȽ϶ࡣ
ֶǶǺ£ӵԽԽǿ󣬵ӻ෴ѪһҲʧʧǺеѪѪڼ٣Ҳȵһʱʧ㲻ʧҲʣһѣͳû̫ˡ
ۢʹˣǰˮ˵ȤʱܿģΪ֪Լ˶ԷǿԵõģϣ壬ֱá
ֵܱ̫ԣʵûдˮŹֻҲŪ
߰ɣ˵㻰´Ҳٷˡ
ˮǲʳԵģ˵õ壬Ӧһܿµսˡ
ķߣ
ֱۢš
ٲߵĻҲԶ
ˮҲۢ
ۢˣˮֱֳӻһЩռҪ뿪ʱһŮ˳ˡ
̨诵ʦ
ǸŮˣǸһ˫ǿµ˫ۣǵŮˡ
ǰôˣ
ˮŮ˻Ǻܾȵġ
㣬Ǳ岻ġ
Ů΢Ц˵
ˮʵѾеоˣŮȻ֪Щ˵Ķֻǲ֪ǲǵԼǰ
Ϊʲô
ˮɻʵ


1289 죬죿
Ů˵Ļˮе㾪ȵģʶ޸ǿҪϵĻǴؽܣĻؽһǿ󣬵Ů˵Ļ統ͷһˮûģ뿴ǲʲô취Բȡ
һкѪһѪڶʵܵǧ
Ů˵ʱѾߵˮǰ
һɵŵˮУⲻκһϵζŮжһ޶ζ
ԾʱӣеζԣǱŮ˷֣ĶЦˣҸ˵ûҪҪѱŸ
ˮεЦ˵ˣǸûѪһѪôأ

Ů˵
ˮ֪ˣֲǸۢܰԼȻķԼϾѪһ˶޷ʹѪһҲҪǧʵ֮ϵ˲ǧ֮ϵһǴںѪһԺ֮ˡ
ˮҲ⣬֪ԼѪ֪ܲҪҪóȻһ£̫أջ̫֮ʵڿϧ
ǰۢ˵ڻбһ֪ûϢ
ˮ˵
õģһҪˮжӦûʱ˻ȥ뷨ҲҪӳ顣
ŮЦ˵
ŶҲá
ˮ㵽ʲôʵ˹Ŀ࿴
Ůգ˫ǿĿˮ
ˮҡҡͷҵʵӦûһ࣬࣬ҷţˡ
Ŷôߡ
ŮϹŵ΢Ц
ʵ
ˣӦûˣôҽȥ
ʱ̨诺̴Զ߷
ôأӭء
ˮ˵Ůһ̨诺ȥ
һŮˣׯԺ˺ܶ࣬΢енϾŮڣˮŮ֮˵Ҫһ㡣
̨ȻûкˮȷȷϵѾǶˣŮ˴һͿ֮ա
ףѾͷô죿
Ů˿̨ЦʵЦеζ
ʦ˵ʲôأҺʲôҲû
̨˵
ţû˵ʲô㼱ģҪʲôһ
Ů˺ǺǵЦš
̨ôŮ˵Ķ֣仰̨ȫڱ˶ܿˮ֮һеè塣
Ů˲ûж٩̨诣ЦŹ˼䣬ˮٴθоһʦô̹
̨诺Ůطˣ̨ǰˣȥ̨诡
ˮʲô㣿
Ů˿ˮʵ
ħʴܷɵݡ
ˮںҵǸŮˣǸŮ˴ƺס
ħڹӦħ̫ˡ
Ůһʼе㾪죬ƽ˵
Ҳ֪ˣл˵ɣ
ˮҡҡͷ׺¡¸¥Ϊӵԭǹģʱĸ⹫ǵҲû£ֻǾǿǣԼҲǡ
ǲȥݼˣ˴ء
Ů˿ˮü˵
ܴҾȥҲС
ˮ˵뵽еᡣ
мӦøȤǸдƷ죬ϣܰﵽ㡣
ŮóһɫĲɫС죬Сһ£ɫȫһɵ
ˮŮˣȻԾֽӹСӣûʲô⣬̽ŽԼľȥϹһЩһȥֱӺһ綼ˡ
ˮͻȻԼ·һĿռ䣬ռ䲻󣬵ȴһֹŹֵΧʵİɫߵ㲻ǰΨһһһ޴ʯͷ̳ĵͼ
ͼ
ˮͼһˣΪǾݵͼӦ׼ȷľݵͼע˺ܶණˮЩݵĴСԽԽľԽԽоݵĹҪˮ֪ôǰˡ
ɽϺһֱԵݣ·Ͼųɾŵˮ·ﵽϺ֮һֱԶԶݡ
ˮűԼٶȣǰҪʱ仹Ǻܳʱ䲻ֹˮٴ뵽ħԼֻϹ꣬оħԴھľֻϹ꣬ûв´ĻϹˮһͨ
ˮݵͼ˼ӦڲӦҲһˮоⶫӦǺسһĶơ
ܿˮ˳֪ʱȥ˶ãŮĿʹͨȥ
죡
ޣǰԽеͼص㣬žõĵصӣʹ߿Щλô󣬾ʱһơ
״̬δ
ԼľѪֱɹ
ҪþѪ
ˮںܼΪ֪ʲôˣŶݼеķ죬û뵽½ֶ
ԼֱܴͨŮӦòֱⶫôðɡ
ǰⶫ֪ôã̫ˣҸôʹá
ˮ˻ȥĺҪ
ŮЦˣûˣҪǰˣʦˡ
Ů˲ûн졣
ʦ壡
ˮŹֵĽе
ʦֶԣǸļϲ𣿡
ϲ
ˮܸоŮ꣬꾫նׯ졢ʥ࣬欷鹴ĺ꾫
̫ˡ
ˮٴ˵һ¡
һһһģ۵ģһиƵġ
ˮ
Ůóһ죬ֻֻˮЦһ㣬ȫһˮͨٴοȥһ仯仯ˮ۾ˡ
죨ޣ
ˮȿСģҲŮŵ졣
ޡˮͷðҡҡͷ¿
ޣǰԽеͼص㣬žõĵصӣʹ߿Щλô󣬾ʱһơ
״̬δ
ԼľѪֱɹ
ҪþѪ
Ժ죨֮໥͵˴ߣκƣֻӵˣ
һǿޱȣһݻȥԮеѣΪ֪֪ԷΣգʵЩ
Ƿ죬ҲʺҪǸķɡ
ˮе㲻ĵݸŮˡ
ûˣҲûдˣŰɣʦҲˣӻɷµľеαˡ
Ů˻شˮ
ӿӵе໥ݵߣûκƣͲ
ˮŮˡ
˵ҲǱȥҲˡ
ŮЦ˵
þʹ촫͸أʦ壬ҪþѪ
þѪε棬ûзӦ
ŮƵ˵


1290 
ҪһֱþѪֱɹ
ˮ˵
ԭֲòܳɹףô֪ǲģǶҿİɣ
Ů˹ŹֵĿˮ
ˮҲûж˵ЦЦԼе죬ٴͨ¡
죨򣩾ޣǰԽеͼص㣬žõĵصӣʹ߿Щλô󣬾ʱһơ
״̬δ
ԼľѪֱɹ
ҪþѪ
Ժ죨ޣ֮໥͵˴ߣκƣֻӵˣ
Ȼǰе
ˮý£űƳиѪصľѪȻϣһΡһΡ
ϵľѪҲرĶÿһһ£ϾֶһָһζҪʱҪҩ
ܿʮξѪȥˮɫе԰ףԱߵŮҲ΢΢üͷ
ٵΣ
ڰٵξѪȥ˲䣬ͻȻδʢһǿɢȥ鶯ޱȡ
һֱɢȥˮٴο졣
죨򣩾ޣÿþѪһΣǰԽеͼص㣬žõĵصӣʹ߿Щλô󣬾ʱһơ
״̬
Ժ죨ޣ֮໥͵˴ߣκƣֻӵˣ
ˮֱٴεһξѪȻ߶ӵϣһδһδΪһΣҲǾѪԭоһδ÷˺ܶ࣬Ӧòöܴﵽһ硣
ʦ壬ҪҲҸô
ˮЦ˵
ŮЦŵͷȻʼƳѪһһεĵ棬ˮֻаʮεľѪɹˡ
һɹˮŹֵĿŮˣΪ֮ƺһϵܹŹ֣Ѫͨĸо֪е׽ˮеš
ƺŮҲоˣȴǺȻôͲˮ˵ˣΪˮܿϢŮҲܸܵˡ
ŮԼʱֻǸоһԣˮǰ˵ǷʱǲôţΪˮӹأֱ֪ԭģұ˴֮һָӦԸܵ˴˵ܵԷΣա
ŮҲɴ֮Ҳ֪ⶫô󣬲ûˮʱֻǲдƷϾʹþѪҾʹþѪҲ˿ԵʮΣҪǲ֪ȥܳɹһ㶼һξܳɹһβоͷˡ
ĺȻ뵽˵ڽ棬ʱܵ˵һͼ
һǱǽһǾɽ
ͻȻˮʶһ䣬ˮǰĵˣûȡ֮һŽɫ׵СˣŴؽܵͼűǽžɽ죬Сɢ˺ѵصƣǸС˵ӾȻԼ
һתˮԼڿУΧǿߺǿޣּ䣬޴ľɽȻ£ֱʧһЩˣǣһɫľӶ֮رɫޣĻޡ
һתˮʱı˳Цĸ֧ţŬԼĺܶܶ飬ٴһǻмҲӺͺ֪
Щ߹·һԵӰһ˵ĺܶԵչֳ
ˮˣǻþԼ͸¶ʲôҲ֪˶ãˮٿĽɫС˽бǰĽ𵤣Ҳ˳ֻ档
ֻһɫѾˣ춼ˣǼǵú֮ǰҲͲʱ֣ôһʱ䣬ȥˡ
ˮŮ˻Լߣƶûб䣬ʱھĿˮ֪ʱѾǲӿ
ʱô죬һ񣬾ˡ
ˮе㲻˼˵
Ů˴ʱİһۣһ߽ĴţĻͳ˾ˣǣαװء
ˮһ㶣ҪǻԼĻװơ
ѾûˮˣȵŮǰĻԼĴţǵԼĵеı仯Լ֮Լֲʵ
Ĵţ
ˮĿŮˡ
ǰ㿴ĶǴĴš
Ů΢Цſˮ
ҲܿҿĶ
ˮʵ
ҽռˣΪԭǰҲ㿴ĶҺҲĴţǰĸĸܵرģЩҸܲģҾ֪֮䲢ʲôܸܵ˵һлл㣬ǸǿˣǸˡ
Ů˴ʱĵݣ⻹ˮһοŮ˱ž޴ľϲ
ˮһ¡û뵽ҲУҲرǿ佱Ц˵ʦ壬ʲôô
Բ֪ˡ
ŮЦţ˵һˮȥ
ˮܵȥץһ֣ˮ֪ˣŮûж㣬ץס
ˮ֪ˣڳֶһ־޴ĻȻɵĸоһĸоһͨһȭһСɽ򱬵ĸо
ĴţԶԸûʵŵٿԴûʵ
ľ޴棬һӹŵŵĶǾ֮
ͻƵ飬š
Ů΢Ц˵
Ů˵ˮֻŮ˵󣬲˼ɿŮȴûκβȻ˵һ䣺ǲǸоˡ
ûУ
ˮ̱֤
ҾģǺġ
Ů˵ֱׯԺзȥ
ˮͷŮ˵ʲô
ϡͿĶһʦ壬ǰиʦأϧʦûˣ಻ˮУֻʱ˻ֵʱˮȤŽУܿĴﵽҸ۷塣
ֶһʦ壬ʦ̫أˮûпŮ˵뷨Ůص̫
ЩҪҪˮĴţôͿʵ
뵽ˮͼһȻϡͿ̤ţȻŮռ˲ٱˣˮоռ˱˵Լ
ͨ·ǸܵһҲǳȥĶʾ֮Ҫܵ˼ˣˮ̤ĺٺ٣һ߾磬ؼģһ˼ųɾžžŵˡ
ţԺһ;Żӿ죬š
ǰˮһվھ޴ֱɽ£ֱµɽ壬ϧֻһʵǣֹ̿˵ûϣģΪҪʱ޷ơ
ţֱͨϵĳһݣȻͷȴǿһһǰߣ֮ǰѾϵ֮ˡ
ˣˮȱǰҪ׺ֻܶ࣬Ҫҧ߾Ϳˡ


1291 Ǳˮ󵨵Ů
ܵ˵ˮǿޱȵģһܹؼϡͿĴﵽҲûиоʲôǸоһʼ֪ŵҪԺͼѵĻˮҲûôﵽҲĲɣ
ҪѸٵİľȻ죬ˮоݴ½ЩڸصӦƵĶҲûôǿ󣬱һдԽʡܶʱ䡣
һλҲãϧ޾磬뾡Ů˵춼һ꣬ȻݣϣŮ˰ţݣԺһ¡
Ȼе㲻ƽϣʱ򻹿һ£Ҫ滹иഫߵĹܡ
ŮܰλţݣˮݣˮݵʱŮҲݵʱˮŮ˻صţݣΪλţݣˮǿķ޴ֱӴﵽߣţݡ
ˮֻ룬ΪҲŮ˻λöݣţҲ˵塣
̨̺Ѿ÷ˣŮҲڣȻŮڣջǺɵģŮȻŮʦƺһ֮ܶʱá
ʦ壬ʱﵽһĻλö
ˮобҪǰк
ҿһЩأһƺֻλá
ŮЦ˵
ˮһ㶣ֻݡλҲˣݵλҪľҪ߲١
ܳһʱǲ뵽ﵽˡ
ˮеƵ˵
ǹؼʵȥˣһЩͨް㣬Ȼʱ䳤һ㣬ǿеġ
Ů˸ܵˮеʧ俪ڰȡ
ţʦţͣʱ䣿
ˮʵ
ӦûҪܳһʱ䣬ռţ̺诶ȥǵʵиˡ
Ů˿ĵ˵
ŶҲã
ԹȲ죬ɫ
ʦһ˯
̨诿ĵ˵
ۣ
ˮֱˣȻεĨĨ죬̨诲ĿˮŮǺһǲ뵽ʲôˣŮ˲˯
ܡ
Ҫ˵ʲôˮ˵һҪ˵
̨诺Ů뿪ˣ̺ˮǳȥҪ뿪ˣˮô뿪ȻҲ֪ˮֱߺ
ˮ̣̣ȥĿġ
̣
ʦڣҪ˰ɣ
СĿӾţΪʱˮѾ˴ϡ
˭ҲûãǴ£ȿ˵ף㶼зӦˣ˵Ҫ
ˮЦסǰͦΣܵһ͹
֪˵ʲôҲûãҲˮе룬ʱоԼеˣԼȻоú
ˮ졢ӡ۾䡢۾
Ұѩ̵طͦԲǰӷһ㣬ѩޱȣ⻬ʮ㣬һɵ㣬ӾҲ𺳵ĳ
ÿˮƣ̵͹㻹Ƿ۵ģҲСһôŮŮˣѾҪҪŮˡ
˱һ㣬ĸоݣһְֻһߵѩ壬ϵ״
΢ĴϢʴǡ

ˮס̵ķ۵˱ʱһ¥ŮȴһоȸǸƵֹͨ
ʦôˣ
̨诸ܵŮ˵ɫ仯
û£˯ɣȥǾ͸ñչˡ
̨ûʲôоҲûйɻӦһϱӡ
Ů˲̨诣ʱָоԽԽǿˡ
ϴ̨诲ֻ࣬Ů֪һԭھ̣ĸܲϵĴʹҧš
ָоôҲ̲סΪǿ󣬵ȴ޷ܣһ㲻Ѱ·ΪգֱʹĴ͡
ֱӵˮ̵Ĵϡ
ˮɵ״̬һһƣ΢΢۾ˮʱҲ۾ˮϲ۾ϲʱ̵̬
ʵǰһ󲨶ʱ֣һ˯ѪŮ˳ڴϡ
ŮҲˮŮˣ۾ôģ̻ʲôҲûз֣ΪŮ˵ġ
ˮ첻ĽţŮ˽Ķˮ㾪ޱȣŮֱסˮ
ˮھһо캦ˣôû뵽Ժʲô˽£ͻȻһˣɱ˻ֱŵ
ˮܵһʹæģŮ治Ѱ·Ůֱÿ͸Ҫ
ˮæͷ˼ϣǵһô޵ݣôǱ
Ů߻浯˵ˮһŮƮȻ뿪Ů˵ܹȣҲƮݣ֪Ůǿ󣬵ǵ͹
Ůߺˮֱ浶ʵǹһַճȥŮ˲ϺﰵСڣ
ʹŮˮǼСʱŽ˯ˣˮȴǺѣĴ·˳
ȻĿԶ¥һӰ˯£ǸŮ˭ˮֱ˹ȥ˵Ƿ˹ȥǰŷŮϾȻҲĺΣŮ˴ﵽ۷ʱеΡ
ˮ˯Ҳеˮ󡭡
ʲô֪ô𣿡
Ů˵
Ҳû뵽ô졭
ˮںƣ̨ϴε͹ˣֶʦ
ˮʵǻزŮǰȻ޷⣬Ҳ޷⡣
ߣˣ߽ŵģҪúö诶̡
Ů˿ˮ֮벻һߡ
ˮ֪ǲ̨诺˵ˣҲ֪Եͷ΢΢ܿŮˮܾᣬʲô뿪ԶָҲûˣܵԼʲôԼһں̡
Ů˻طˣˮʧһó뷨ʥľ󵨵
ˮص䣬ֱӽɾ
̤ˮоԼ屾ǸƿӣǳһͰԿˣһ󼤶һŽһһ޴תۡ
һ֮ţݽ˿赲ںҰˮоõġ
ɾˮĴҲҪܶࡣ
һҪǹҪҪ㣬£һλõĻǰȥˣܴһȥĻá


1292 ʵһ죬ϡѪ
ջ˼ķչչԽԽõķչ͹ˣ״̬ú㿪ʼ׼ǹǿ
һſˮǰʵļʱ䣬ܿģǰܶˡ
䣡
ˮǹʱѸٳǿȻǿˮûиоôΣգûǰθоǿңⲻ˵յһΣġ̫࣬Ŵһ޴ô
ˮȫעЩΪɾ裬Сʹ괬ȫתЩ
ڻǿľѪڳӯ⡢ԼʶеĽǺǳԼĽ𵤡
ɫĹνΧʵʣп񱩵ڱнļ٣ļ٣ʵڻӡ
ȵˮȫʱѾɾˣһûǰǱûʲô仯ǰΰԼŪѪ߰ߵġ
۾һʵˮЦˡ
ƣҲǶıʵǰһǧƣһʵ˰ǧʵ֮࣬ǰӵҪһˡ
һεҲֻǱʵӣûκα仯̸ʧ䣬Ͼһεˮ൱ġ
幥߲ʵǽ𵤵´ﵽǧ߰ɽĹǴﵽǧİ
ˮ̲סһ˿Ц⣬þɽңţм˽סοɽϴһɶܻǧİʵײʵҲײˡ
߲ʵ޺顢ǽ𵤡´ﵽ˽ǧİʵʹô֮ӡһǧַĻɴﵽֲǧ
࣬ˮĸ»ֵţûŵǿѹƣʵӿ¡
ˮʼԺ·һˮоֽһͷԿһ̨ףȻ̧ͷȻͷˮ֪һпŵһ졣
龳еƮ죬룬Ѿˣʵһֱǰдﵽһ졣

ѪҾѪصľѪƺǰ࣬ѪкеǱ֮ǰǿ
ͻȻˮһһ糤Сˮǰ
йԽϣ
ѾһɫСˣһʵѪر仯ȻСǰƼˡ
֮ǰ˲һֻĴָСµݣǣСԴҲСͷˣҪǳֻµСצӡ
СԴ棬СֻĴָǿ޳ȳƣ㿴˵ٻҪں泤ֻСצӵġ
ϧֻǻ֮ѪҲԶֶ֣һ㶼ǿ޺ϲˮ̬ĻǾ޽С
һʶͨһη־ȻԣҲֻͨˮоСһ飬ƺͨ⣬ϾСʳľѪġ
ˮŻؾѪأֻҲһ˿仯Ϊϳһ˿Ѫߡ
Ѫϣ
ˣ
ˮܿģҲãҩֲҲãһ㷲ǷĻ϶ǻо޴ĺô
ѪϻڣڵСйԽϲ࣬ڱҪŵɾˡ
ˮһҲ֮ǰѾ߰ˣһ졣
ʮʱһ貵ʹ⣬ˮϲֱ
ˡ
˲ʲôˮϽȥ졣
죨򣩾һÿþѪһΣǰԽеͼһص㣬žõĵصӣʹ߿Щλôһ¿ʹһΡ
״̬
Ժ죨ޣ֮໥͵˴ߣκƣֻӵˣ
һصˣһ¿ʹһΣˣˮϽռ䣬Ȼݵͼ
һˮеʧ䣬Ů˵ֻݵĵͼˣ˾ͱʾ԰ѵصУĵطԡ
׼ȷľݵͼҲô׿ģϵõĶһЩСΧͼȻҲһݻݵĵͼһ㶼̫׼ȷοݵȫͼѵõȷĵͼϢݿûôǾ̫ˣŪݵͼ̫ˡ
ݣ
ˮݵݣ֪ܸܲģܿҡͷĲνˣȻھڻУ̫ңԶΪ̫ˣ¸ȼϻ֪ʲôʱܴﵽʮʱ䶼ڵľһкܺõʹá
ˮָ·ħһֱӵݵλãӦþׯԺԶ
ȥһźɫԲ㣬ȥˮޱȵĿġ
һλˣֻҪԼ룬ϾܻȥĻֱӴ͵ŮߣԿϻϾӵ໥ûκơ
ˮָоܺã뵽֮ǰеƣʲôеʧͻȻˮ뵽ԼɾŮ˴ʱص
ӦûᴫԼɾλðɣ
ⲻ룬ˮϻȥͷǿңﻹе飬»ȥǾЦˣֿܺСһ֡
ڶˮĺ磬
ʵϺ;緢˷츲صı仯ͻȻˮͷŮ¥ű߿
ˮŮӰһʱ͵ˮߣʱֵˮˡ
Ů˵ʵȻҲ¡
ˮȵͬʱŮ˸ȣˮʵֱô࣬Ŀˮ۹ˮİǰһ޴Ǳһ
ҽڿܻȥһݣʱҪߡ
ˮобҪк
Ůˮ˵ǸͣϾȻѵõĳһɫȻȵ˵Ѿﵽһˣ
ЩʹĶϧﲻ㡣
ףλݡ
һֻݡˮеСƵ˵
Ů˿ˮȷʵĵЦˣȻ˵һˮ֪ô˵Ļ㴫͵ʱҪϴʱ򴫹
ģôɵġˮڨڨ˵
ףСһǲ˼ǿңŮ˺ϲˮھִٵӡ
Ů仰ˮе㣬ԼҲ׼ȷĴ𰸣һ㣬Ů˲ϣȴҪˮһ
һ뵽ĳˮȻס뵽֮ǰ˯ȹˮˮ
ˮɫȻûӹŮˣֱˮ°ͣˮٴˣϷĸо
Сå￴أŲҳ㡣
Ůʥգ˵ĻȴˮЦãеƵԼ°͵֡


1293 ׼شμң帮ˮǿҽ
ˮھеЦãû뵽Ҫ˵ʲôʱһϮŸоһ
ԣ
󣬵ȴ쳣ˮ͵ԼŮˣæһЦǵС
ʦ壬ˣռұҲôĿŵİɡ
ˮеֵֹģҲ֪֣Ǳʶе㲻Ůߵ̫
ŮǿĵЦˣˮЦգǿһôҲ뵽Ĵ󵨣ˮоķŵ
ҲˮǱʶųΪɣ
֮ǰֱӵԼķ䣬ץԼвԼͷһʲôŮˡ
ˣԷȥɣ극Ҿͺ̡诶ȥҲԣڽܳʱǲ뿪ţݵģֱӴɡ
Ůûٶ
ã
ˮЦŵͷĿǰֻһǰԺܴ˲֪ܲеźԺܴˣ¾һܴҲá
̲֪飬ɫķ黹Ů˺̨诲ϵעĿ̨Ȼ֪ʲôԭŮ˶ˡ
̽ƯˣǸգ
Ů΢Цſˮ̡
ֱӰԴ£̨ҲͷԷˮεЦЦջ٣Ϊ
ˮ
̿˵ûˣϽֹ
Ȼôạ̃ǲǺ
Ů˺Ŀ̡
ˮоŮڵ٩Ҳû˵ʲôֻǾǸоŮϷݵǱһδµСŮһ
Ǹˮǣˮ̣˵һЩ̺ˮֱֿӽ̨Ƶˮߡ
ⱲֻҵŮˡ
ˮ˵űס罿Ĵѹȣˮеˡ
诶
ţ
̨ıסˮָоǰδеĸоˮȻ̨ǳȷ˹ϵųŮҪƷŮʼȻԼź
һ߰ɣ
ˮ˵
Ҳ
ף
˵ˮǾӨĶҧһ¡
ۿɼٶȣǾӨѩ׶÷ۺһƬˮŵĽһ
ˮʦأ̫֡
̨߼˵
ǲʦھͿԹһ㡣
Уˣ
̨诵˵
һ£ȻҿҪˡ
Ҳ
ˮ̨诵滬ȥٶȺ
𶯣һ£˵Ҫ㻰
̨说ʱоرΡ
ˮȻæӦ
ܿϴĸоеһĸо
ᣬʱ̣ܶ촽һһʵҲǡ
ˮûйֵıһҪļʹ̨߳ҵһһˡ
أúһȥݡ
ˮſ˵
̨诺ͷ߿ˣϵĸоôǵһУһʵΣһǰûеĸоһڴõĸо
Ů֮鱾֮ԣһֱûвûǸԵˣԽǿ̵Խ
ŮûйˮӵгŮ뿪ˡ
ˮһֱĿʧþǵģҲˣŮڣвŮȫ֮١
У
ˮѧȥҲûȥˣʱĻѡȻݿļˣˣŮ˺ͺӣʹ죬ÿҲԻȥͣ컹ǿġ
ѧ
ˮûмʱ͵ѧϾڵľлǺܿµġ
褡ɷ߹ڣŮûгأˮǺܿģɷˮҲȨΪˮŮ
ǻðɣ
ðҲðɣ
ȻܺãλҪ뿪𣿡
ɷֵ˵
ӦûҪȥѾͷǸ֮ŬԺòã
ˮɷԴ
ţ֪һŬġ
ɷᶨ˵
ׯԺС죬ˮǰԺҲȥˣ˰ԼСæԺҪǣԼҪھͻ塣
ˮһԺͿ˳ˮ۾һ¶ĵЦݡ
ˣһջС
帮Ҳǽɫ˿ĵ˵
ܸҲǾĿˮ
Уλүӻðɣ
ˮҲǿĵ˵ˮĸоһ
úãġ
ܸкˮ
ˮΪǿ˲ˣҳԾȻ̤Ĵš
帮п˵
帮ĻˮɵľĿ帮һˮˣΪ帮ȻҲŵߣʵʱҲˣʵ
ֲѧĸϧԪӰ죬оˡ
үӣ֪ɽĳ𣿡
ˮ뵽ǸŮ帮ʵ
ɽô򵥣˵ɽĳݵˣĥģʱӦû뿪
帮Цſˮ
Ҳ̤š
ˮ˵
ˣִʵ䲻󣬼Ȼ̤ţԺӦȥҪһС
帮˵ĻˮеԺ
ˮûжʣ֪ûϸ˵Ҳ֪˵֪һ㣬ǸŮҲǱˮһֱ͸оû˽⵽ǸŮĵһ㶫
αװÿ˶ǴһһˣлҪߣΪܸõĻš
ϷϷÿ˶ϷеϷݲ꣬еϷܱҡ
үӣٰһ£ϵԪûˣϿһ¡
ˮ˵
帮Ȼһˮţ̤ûм֪꣬ԼԪ࣬оܿϧ
Ȼ˵ﵽʵԪﵽ˺ܶ࣬ϧһ붼ﲻеʺͰʱʱᱬ
һˮӲ٣ˮûи˵٣ҲûԶһЩԪܸıʲôˮ˵ˣͲһ
ĿԣҽǵҲԳԿΪÿһǿ߶⡣
帮˼Ŀˮ
԰ɣܿλүӾ֪ˡ
ˮҲ̤ţʵӣġ
룡
һʱе㳤ʱʱ䣬ȻǲȫȥѾȥ֮ټһǵ÷ƣԪȻȫָҲԻǧ겻⡭
ǧ꣬ˮеԼǧ걾˵ģֻΪԭûˣֻǰ֪ˮʵһץݵġ
ʱ帮˼ĿˮΪԷԼǿѾȫָһʱе㲻š


1294 ʺ幦ʣ׼
˵ںĺˣֱţһʱ俴ˮ㶣Ͼ鼸췽ҹ̷ǰ֢ڱȫκõĳࡣ
ˮ˵ɫ֪ĳ̫ˣЧˮ˻
鲻ǷҵϣҶţˮҲ˵ˣ˵µʱ䶼֡
΢Цſˮ˵
֪ԼһЩĺôжô󣬼崫У׷ˣٿһԣϾո̤žߵͷ˭Ҳģڻˣܲġ֪ʧܣܳһҲһҸ
үӣ¡
ˮŲү˵
޷Ҳͻ
ܸҲǿĵ˵
帮ֵͬܣһֵܣ᲻þͻᵽһֵܣȴǿԼֵܣԿԼļ壬бҸ
ˮȥ³ŮԣɷҪڵʱ͸һİҲԼΪ׵Ҳһ㡣
λѧĵʱҲ֪ѧ˵ţݻǹ˭ѧҪصĴۣһܳɹ
ˮţҲģǰҲоԼе죬ûԼѧҲȥһһκܳʷԼˣѧߵĸԶ
γȥңòã
ɷˮ߳ŷʵ
ˮЦҡҡͷúԺأȱҵʱ𣿡
ɷһСãġ
ţѾͷ㱼ЩӦ֪ʵҪԲҪֻԼʵǿˣκ鶼ɲ顣
ˮû˵
ɷͷüظһЩ
߹ںˮϵ㲻֪߹֮˵ʲô֮ǰһˮǼΪͳ֮飬֮˸ҡ
ʱûˣºǻ˵ʲôģֻ˵ʲôˮ֪߹Ҳѹϵ
ˮĽݽ㣬ˮչˣչϣ߸һһֽԵܵܵչˡ
ˮ׼Ҳֻˣ褵ļֵܽûǿһһӹ׼ҵĻˮҲ׼ߵٽһ㣬ڣûȤ
Ͻɾ
һ鷨֮⣬һοǱ񼼣뵽Ů˵ĻûѪһѪ
ˮܹʱ⣬ʱе㲻ˬûġ
оԣųĻӦÿԸܵģսʵˮоеϧ
Ȳô࣬óǱֳⱾӦкܳʱֳȻʼ
һӵѪһѪֻû˵֡塱ӦþǸ˼
ҪʵܵǧǧʵֻǵףҪиɹʣһʧԺҲˡ
ǾһԵսޣȫֻսΪԼս͵һ̬Ӱͬһξ״̬Ҫǿܶܶ࣬һֻǿһ
ѵķʽǾѪѣ
ѪһľѪƫ޵ľѪԳɹʴ󣬶ǳɹСʧܺа˳ɵļɵļʱסԺ޷壬˺٣Ϊһξ޴ӮٵĶĲ
ᵽ˿԰ٷְɹֹֻᵽˣһʱӵ֮ĵˣӵĵˡ
ٷְɹ
ˮ뵽ǴڵǶӵ֮ĵţԺҪ޸ģҰٷְٳɹֲôͬţݣһĵ̵ġ
ǿ֮ǿ
ˮѾܾûмŮˣ֪ڴﵽʲô磬ѾʼӣмѪǣ
ˣˮڵʵˣܶ඼ˣοѾˣҪļ̫С췽ҹ̷ԴˮһҪһ㡣
ˮʲôʱ򶼲ңŬһңԼ˻ľһ㣬Ŀһ㡣
¿ҲֻۣҪ뵽иңкܶԼںף͸о
˺ܶ࣬ҲʱҲǸѡ񣬵ȻԼľлǰصʱǻѡǵߣԶûȥȻѾ̤һ;ҪܵߵĸԶ
壬ˮǸƣأѪһѪʧܵĿԻôߡ
Լ屻Ҳޣ֮ްɣӦɵģҲ龳硣
ˮһΪʲôͻȻʶأҡҡͷǸʶռɫ㲻Ǹ㲻㣿
ֳˮ뵽ѵĵز̫Σգеϧ
ԥˮʱʵǿ߽ԼٷְٳɹĵرߵҩڻǷ°ɡ
һĴҩںϣܿٵĽľֻҪõλö࣬Ϳɵĳ롣
ڶˮǰܸģ˵ûоԵ˽ˮţǰһС˽ǲͼرɰ˻ܵõһ˿ϵĻر
һʼǻΪһЩĽӴĲŻӽһЩɫʣŵԽӴʱǰܳΪѡΪǡ
ˮǿʼ˿ãֹ˸ˮ֮ͬھһжΪţѧкôˮ͸ܴôˮսм䲻˾
ˮǵ壬ҲչŮɷǣ˳һ£Щ˵֮䶼ǴĻùϵѾ˸ɫʣ㲻ˣԲһô򵥡
Ҫ֪ˮĸһҲ࣬콣һѡ
λүӣһҪȥһΣǼϣչһ¡
ˮЦ˵
ģһǵԼĺһŮʵﵽҲֵУ׷Ѱ԰һŮѧ
˻ĵ˵
λүӣԺѧɽڶݳ֣Զѧĸ
ˮ΢Ц˵
һʵ֮ľҲ˲٣۹ѾݣһҪȥվһƬأоǸŮۺ˭ΪУҲҪħ
뵽Ǹ°ŮˣһһŮˣеů⻹һ㵣ģԼǷİɣ


1295 صңů
ÿ뵽Ůˮ˵ʲôоһ̹ǵı飬оůҲůȡ
صׯԺˮֻһţǸԼţǺúչ˺Լڷ׼ǰݡ
ǵһʹãܼʹõʱУȻֻΨһǸȥ
ˮָϵ˲䣬ʶһģѾ֪֮䴫ֻҪһͿԴֶͣλôȴǲܡ
ܿʶѵʱѾһµĵط
ݣ
ˮΧָоݣһգ۵ʱ͵ݣʱʲôʱܻصݣΪһʱҲֻȥһ¼Ůǰ̤ݣˣȥҿˣԺÿ¶
ÿ¿ʹһΡ
õλþڵķΧҲ̫࣬ΧȷֱʩչС
ȻˮĿռеĵͼλöľҸǵͼСʵʵ̫ˣһǺԶľ롣
ڵľкֲܿк󣬾ڵǺܽܽˣгѸٵҵķȥ
һ뿪ʱ䲢ģҲŲʱ䣬Ϊ֮ԭɵĸоġ
ѾǰˣˮܼΪҪʮʮˣϾԶŴʹ꿪һΣˮϲʹԶŴʹٻȥ
û뵽ɽǸŮ˾Ȼ죬ⶫˮǲɹƵġ
ˣˮңƺ֮ǰ˺ܶ࣬ܶҹв˲࣬ڲᣬħŸᣬҿһЩǿߵģŮʵݶģˣˮʱ²ҩʲôģǵΪӦøһ¥˰ɡ
ܿҵſھ͵ǰˣĺܼҵſûȴǿһ۵СѾͷ꣬һɫȹһͷСӣرĿɰ
ȻûҲ٣ˮǿԿƣƶŮ
СѾͷˮһ㶣ˮһ۾еãˮϾôм䣬һ㣬Ӧǲʶˮġ
ˮԼ΢Цһ㣬СѾͷȴ˺һ˭Ҽʲô
ˮϵıܾʣΪԼ׵ĲϸˮҪ˵ʲôʱһ
ˮ
һϲеɳƣȴ˵Ĵšܺ
ƶ˴˹ȻиŮǰûʲô仯ֻ϶һ˿ӺϢһſƾ޵գµȴ˵ӺݹϢ˸ܵ䣬ĮȻԽӽˮϹſĵЦݡ
͵˷˷ȴ˿ӷףÿһطɢ˷ر˫ŵˣ
ˮƶҲǿޱȣٵƶֱ˵ˮıס
ѾͷһأҪ
ˮı˱æ˵
ƶ˸ϽɿˮƣѾͷ㲻һֱҵе
СѾͷĿˮʵӦеӡģС죺㲻Ҫƭҡ
ƶͷСѾͷ㲻ǿĻ˵ɣǲʲôǵ˼
ˮһ㶣԰СѾͷǰԼϳԼô˵ҲԼĻ񣬰˵ܲʶԼ
ƶ˵ԭСѾͷдôˮ˵ƶ˵ҪʲôҶ㡣
ģ
գ˫ˮһĴ۾ĵ˵
Ȼ
һСӣҪʲôȻ㡣
ҪҺһ𡣡
СѾͷգŴ۾ˮ
ˮ˺ܶ࣬оҪֶܶΩû뵽
ƶһæôҪ󣿡
ƶ˰ƱĽģɻʵ
ξе֣˵
Ц˵
ƶɫһ죬ŤŤƵСӣ˼Ŀˮ
ˮκ˳ıסСѾͷһֻƶȥ
ˮôڻˣҪܶز𣿡
ƶ˿ǺģڿˮޱȣˮҲ˽
ⲻ᲻ǣҸ˳Ļҿÿ¶סϼ죬ǡ
ˮ뵽һ󼤶ǸŮҲˮԽԽܸм
𣿡
ƶˮĻĿˮ
ʲôʱƭ㡣
ˮƶ߽ңܿҵ˾֪ˮˣڼҵĶˣ˷ܱī޷ݡ

ˮ磡
ˮ

ˮϤˣܸпķƣȻߵǰס
ðɣ
ˮ΢ЦˮԴܺãô಻ࡣ
ҾһҲˡ
ˮĵ˵
ˮ⹫һһкžŮˡֵܽúͺӣѾܴˣ½ĺӷ磬ʮĺѾܴˡ


ܵˮǿĵ˵һ
Ȼ˫̥Ǻˮе񣬶ǺͲ׺ѾˮĿڸˣ´󷽡
һʹˣӵһЩ˶һЩ
ˮе㲻˼ѾǸСүˣĵıˮӣر
ˮڤ겻ˮоСӳĿ£а֣һǺˡ
СǲǶ
ˮڤоɡ
ҲǺЦĿԸӡ
ôأҵ
ڤˮЦţЦˮое١
СӣǲҴ򰡣ô˵ġ
¸¥ҲΣ⺢ӾµĻ˭ĻҲ²ƣҲʲô캦飬ΧĺӴܣΪûٱ¸¥
ףϲҲģϴҰ
ڤίĿ¸¥
¸¥ϺģֺЦŤŤĶ䡣
ˮϸˣСǸ࣬ˮܵСƺ⣬ΪˮоˣڤǺķԵʡ
ľԣڤʺߴ̿·ߣǿĵɱ֮·ߣˮĺܶ࣬ȻҲҪڤ뷨
ôǲҺã㲻á
ˮЦ˵
ˮ˵ʲôء
¸¥׵Щ
ûУҿɺˡ
ģ
ˮʵ
ȻӣҺö˭á
ڤ·Ȼ˵
Сӣһүġ
ˮ˵գտе򣬵ˮܿģϾʶˮˮһ˹ȥˮĲӡ


1296 ֣֮۳Ҫ뿪ͷˮ޵Ļ

տĵ˵
Ȼ򵫺ʦװһΪŮԭʦװʱһҲһ˺ܶ࣬ͥرĿġ
նûС
ˮŽСŮˮСһڤͷģЩӴСľǱ֪ʲôջ
밡룬һΪҪն˲ſԼء
§ˮĲر
Ժÿ¶һοǺòá
ˮյĻеᣬ֪ĸСӵӰܴ󣬿Ҳûа취İ޿ɹƵģ֪ľͶǸŮرĸм
˵֮麢ӺӣһˮоѾ޼۵ģˣЩˣ红ӴˣСʱûпǣֶͨҲ޷ʱ⵹¸ź
𣿡
̧ͷŴ۾ˮ
ʲôʱƭ㣬˵
ˮЦ˵Ȼָ
տĵָˮָͷסϵһ겻䣡
ãԲ䣬ǶǼ֤òá
ˮͷյСŮİŮ˵ĽᾧһѪˮ
շЦĺԶиȾ
ˮգתסڵͶܹҸСƿˣģίĺҪˡ
ţ˭ǼѾͷˣߵҰ
ˮһرĿģ˵ֵľ֣֮һ־ϵʥĿ֣ŮöȲ֮֡
վﲻо¶վ壬Ǽңһĵط˽ģΪ˱˴˾ǶҲĸԸ
Ů֣֮ù¶Ļǹ¶ûаĻǽзй
ǵôʱ䶼
СѾͷ˵žĵ
СԵڤһֱǿֻҪˮڣǶһֱռţˮʱһֻһֻܱԼ
ˮ챧һȦˣûֵСѾͷˡ
ᣬǴˣôޱأãˣ˵Ҫô⳥
ˮЦ˵
ҪζһЩʱ䡣
Ĵ۾תת˵
ã˵ˣôҲôӦ
ǰѾˮˣߵˮߣˮСͷԵֻСϻһرĿɰ
ˮСһܿͻˣźͼһſȥһҶ衢׺¡㡢䡭ǶڣͲࡣ
ҲڣʵǿһˣһҶ輸ŮʵҲǵõͻͽķչݶǶĴڡ
Ȼǿ󣬵ţݵǿȻǲ˺ܶܶ࣬ˮ׼һЩʵĶҩʲôĶء
ˮóľżһЩСʲôİѼȴˣ౴ԵȶڣޱȣзݣˮɾĺöǺܶġ
ҺܶˣˮȻҪ̫ˣҪܶʱ䣬ȻŮͼϵŮ⣬ǵĳɾˮǰѾˣڵ츳ûȫѡ
۳ѾѣţҲˣ̨ͬҲǣļûоѣˣΪѾۼˡ
Ůúãʺ츳ã𲽷ǳߣˮļԺĵĻĸԼʦᡢƶ˵ˡ
ˮ뾡취ӲѻҲ㡣
ҵҲôӵĺӾͻò٣ȻʲǶôĺãץ𣬼ˮҽ׺ܶࡣ
֪ͰȥˣȥӵĿӣˮǱȥ
ʱûϢܿҾȥ̽Ѱ䡣
ˮ¶˵
סİȫҪûôҲˣ벻㣬鶼Ҫֻúõģпܡ
ˮ˵΢ЦҸĶӡ
İɣ˵ӵĲ࣬Ӧûĵطʱȥˡ
ˮЦ˵
ôȥˣˮԼҪΪҿǣϵĵӺأǰﲻ㡣
̾ˮ
ҾϣҺúõģҾʹľ
ˮĵ˵
Ժÿ¶ܻ𣿡
ȻҲǺš
иһһΣԿÿ»һΡ
ˮżˡ
ˣԶǣҲףλͶɣ
֪ˮһܻǺܿĵģ˵˭ġ

ʦ
˾Ͷǰɣ
һҶü΢Ŀˮ
ˣ
ˮ֪Լʦˣֱס֡
һҶǲʳ̻𣬲һ˿ϢǰˮܸоеԱԱʵûйϵŮ˲¡
ʵںһҶĹϵˣֻûйֵܽӴѡ
ǲǳҡ
һҶˮ˵ʱһЩСŮ˵Ϣǲʳ̻ϢһЩǺǿңرǺܳʱû棬ˮ²ֵĸо
ôġ
ˮתתͦģҲ㹻תתˡ
ˮȻһ»ˣҿҪ뿪һʱ䡣
һҶԥһˮ˵
ˮһѵŮͼϵŮ˶ôڣƽ˵ôˣǲǲϲ
ǵģˮ㲻Ҫ룬ͷˮ޸һط˵ȥһطУԵõˮ޵ĴУΪԶˮޣǿѾᵽˣ㲻Ҳ뿪ÿ»һΣҵʵǺǿģȥ
һҶ迴ˮЦ
ŶǺ鰡ҴȥҪ͵ǸطҲġ
ˮΪʲôأǺ顣
ͷˮ޾ͷˮ޽һҶշģˮֻϴΪˣһǷǳˡ
ˮļǵõʱһҶѱͷˮ޵龰
ȥˣ˵һֻʹһΣǸطõˮ޴Уʱˮޡ
һҶҡҡͷ˵

ˮüͷһҶΣա
ģûΣյġ
һҶЦˮĶͷ
ˮסֻ֣ôܸһЩȫϡ
ˮ˵һõеĵطûκΣգһõ޴ĺôʵҲõ޴
һҶٴ˵
һеĲ¡
ˮ˼˵
һʽˮֱӳһԶַİɣˮڶ˼ûκģοǸֻܽȥΪϾѵӡǣԲΣա
ðɣ㻹ҪСġ
ˮ֪һҶҪȥҪ˵Ǹӡ֪ûʲôΣգҲӦһԭԶַһӡǵľȥرңӦøеġ


1297 ʳ̻ջ󣬼ƻб
ˮоҲһξһҶĻᣬȻе㵣ģڴת䡣
һСĵģһôҪҲҪȸ
һҶ費ʳ̻һɬҸЦݡ
ҪھȥŬ˵ʮºԸʵˡ
ˮֱֻס
˵ģ˵Ҫ㻰Ŷ
һҶ費һЦ˵
ˮʱ˵һҶ·ģ˵Ҫʿ˵仰ʱһһղʳ̻𣬵˵Ļȴջ
Ȼһǿġ
ˮѼӲ˵
һҶ΢ЦſˮҲ˵ʲô
ǸҲÿͨͨƤһ㣬Ҳᷴġ
ˮٺٵ˵
ţһῼǵġ
һҶǺǵЦһЦҲˡ
ˮһһҶֱӱ§ڻ
ˮ˵ģҲҵġ
һҶ˵
ٺ٣˵ңֻ˵㣬Ļǿģ˵ء
ˮģ˼ԣҲ㣬ҿġ
㻹ô
һҶıסˮĲӡ
裬벻ҡ
ˮ˵
֪
ˮǾ¾ӨĶ䣬Ԫһ˵ѩϸ壬޳۾˵Ըۡ
ˮֱͷڶһ£ֱһҶһˮĲҲ˽
ˮһҶȻһ£ľһûֹˮҲʹһ㣬ĺסջĶ
һһҶٴζһ£ֹֻˮĲӸˣˮǱ˵о̼Ѫڡ
˱ֻҲֻ滬ȥķ鴦ɿƵץסһӵžˮֱǹһ·Ҫըһ㣬ֱӶһ֮
һҶ跢һ˵Ҫ̫֡
ˮһֻڳ˵һ°ɣһеŮ񡣡
һҶˮĻȻһ𣬶ʱˮһִֻ°ڳ쵽·ڣûϣֹ⻬ˮǵͺһͷֱ쵽һҶĶڴ˱
š
һҶ͵һˮ֮ǰĻڵĳıסˮ
ôУˮ֪Լˣ⣬һҶ裬һԾĸоҲǺгɾ͸еġ
ֻǲóûóͻȻ쵽ĹɹһƬ壬ٴһҶ轿һ
Сó
һҶܵͲҿˮϼ
ˮЦŻ֣ĳ黬Ĺ̴һҶһˮַŵԼһҶǰᡣ
裬⻹ġ
ˣһҶ͵ƿˮֱˡ
ˮմŵĻ¶֪Ϊˣ̧ͷ׺ºͻ
׺»ǰ㣬䣬˵ĸ߹󣬿һμڽϸĳ
Զһװе·⵽ڶɫ·ˮĨĨȻǰһһסǡ
ˮǰŮһʱܳǵһرĸоƺѾܾûˡ
Ǻþûһˡˮеھε˵
ǰ֪ھͺܿģԺǾʱˣżһҲܺð׺΢Ц˵
ˮȥ˭䡣գ˫Ը
ˮ°һ᣺Ū󴲣ǾͿһϡ
ͬ߰
ϲԿ뿴ġ
˵׺ԽԽǾˡ
ȴǷЦˮĸ첲ƺر㡣
ˮݺ𣿡ʵ
ûǡˮ˵
ҸоӦú΢Ц˵
ܿǾͿȥÿ¶ܻһΣԺҲܰǴȥҪһʱ䡣ˮŮֽ˽
ĵطǹµһҲоڼĵطԼ˺ϲҲоá
Ӵһ㣬ԺҲԼӿˣںĲԽԽԶʱ᲻Ʋء
׺Ц˵
£Ǵսٻغϣ֪ԺֻҪ˵ĻǾʹսһòá
ˮٺٵЦţȴǸжԼǵĺȴǽ
ҸֻҪˮ˾˵һ仰Ϳˡ
һ߽˵
Ѿͷȥսٻغϡ
׺˵
ԸˮϲǽԸеӾС
һƶˡ㡢ǻˮŮڵĶˣ˵಻࣬һߵӻ϶ˮ࣬˵Ҳ٣ˮŮ˲٣һ٣һоʹ
ЩÿһһŮӣˮޱȵ㣬̲ס뵽ǰһ仰һ仰ȴ˵Ĺˡ
ҵгɣ檳Ⱥ
㻹ʲôģǰΪָ̤Ŀ꣬м˵۳һҶ衢չ嫵飬˽ˡ
ʶͣģԽֳħ飬Ҫҵ鲢ûнǸ˻ţͣûҲͣ
Ϊ۳ҲҪȥţݣûʵƺѴԸΪ۳
Щ鿪ʼ˾޷ͣԶǾŬãԼûźߵ˿ûź
þ޴޷ơ
죬ˮ뿪ˣ죬ˮоһʵûбҪһȥţݣΪҲܿҪȥݡ
ǻ޷ԼĽŲȻݣعĴڣԻǺܰȫģѾĴڡ
ţݺܿҲԼһƬضΪƶ֮أţҲһǲ뿪ݵģ︻ģ֣Ǹо˼ɾݺţܱȵġ
ˮҲȻܵعԼ뿪ʵȻǿȻٶȻᱻƣһĴãֻҪõĺãо֮ʵһġ
ˮڸобҪһ£Ͼȥţݵ˾еļ
˵ʱ䵽ҪȥݵģҸ˵˵
ˮûй˵ʵҲ˵ˣϾţѾûԼԼˣǼԵ˵Ҫ˵ʱƻ뿪ţݡ
Ȼˮ뿪ˣˮԾݣȻͻѡοˮӦӦúܴܿǣһȫԲ
ҵٶܴﵽ쾳磬ŲԪǺܾõģԪǺʵģʲôĺ٣ֻԪ׼ȷʱȣˮ֤ʱ䲻̫á


1298 ҸĸоڤŮѣ
ͨЩˮоϾ˻кܳʱ䣬⹫ҲнԪ˸࣬㹻ˣ㹻ˮһЩ׼ԺƾԼҩʵһԸıǵġ
ˣһڵģˮǰŷܣ˵ȥ˭ķ䡣
׺µķ䣡
ѸԶһˣÿ˲׺µķֱӼ˽ȥ׺΢΢죬ˮһ۹Ϸš
ˮֱһѱŮˣҷȥ
׺½ȣ۱סˮĲӣѾû棬˵Сʤ»飬һŮ˼İˣ˼Ҫһַй
Ů˼һ̶ֻ໥Ϊһܽ˼ûжĶˮֱӽ˵·ȥͦİֱӼһůĻ
һ˲ˬˮŲ׺£ԷҲĻӦôһƺܷŵÿˮӼңšȫ
ѸٵĶţˮֺһֱûͣѸٵĽ۷壬ûͣһˮ֪˳
ľɫŮһеɬ;нǴӦˮܶƣˮڵ˸
Ĵϣ׵ĴѾһƬˮͣˮڲ׺ߣ޳ѩ
ˮȥɡ
׺ˮ˵
˾Ҫӳȥ
ˮЦŴȤ
߿ߣ²
׺Цùݣرϵķ顣
ˮ֪һ⣬ЦŴ·סһǣֻò׺һ뿪
ˮһϵʱ仹е̣ʼ磬ˮ֪˽ģΪҪһܣһЩ黹˵飬Щǲֵܹۡ
ˮʵһֱ벻ף˽𣿾ԼĹ⣬ܶ˶в𣬵Ȼȡ
ŮˮʵһֱҲǸоӦ˽ģԽǰԽݲ±ˣһЩ鲢ģЩŮÿһϲ˵ϲΪκһԺκսϧ
ˮҡҡͷѵÿ˶ǲģϲɣˮûиоԼϲɣҲܶһŮˣֻܾǣ˵Ҳİǡ
һֱҹˮߵķ䣬ȥĲ׺¡㡢ЩûŮûͶŮһ˯ģȥ෿䡣
ŵֱӱסˮˮϧıס֪Ů˵û˯Ȼ˵ʲôˮ֪ȣܵģԣһ㣬һҲ
û
ˮ˵
룬룬ʱ޲ϵߡ
ʱĵıˮıš
Ҳǣ˯˰ɣ
ˮ˵
ţ
ڿһ£𡣡
ˮҧµĶ˵
ַСŮ˹ĽСȴǱ͹飬αһ˵СŮ˷顣
Ҳ˵
ҲУˮ˫ŪѾ꣬ȻˮѾ˺ü䣬ڵǿûκ⡣
Ĳ˵
ˮʩչַֽ֣רŮвλģЧǰԵ꣬ˮʩչľϵвλ
ҪˮңҪ
ҧˮ˵
˷Ĳ࣬໥ű˴ȫһδεڶԷȡš
ˮϣѾ󣬿ɫǰѩ׷ӯѹˮؿڡ
ˮʳָ̽ͷ˵һ仰ѪҧҧԸе촽϶˶ӣȻѷӯˮĿС

ݺӺ˫ȥʤˣûңһ˰ɣû궼ģˮԺ󶼻ҲͲȥʤˡ
һκͺ䡢һʱҲûпƣҲҪӣˮû
ǰˮ֪ܶŮ¿ࡢʲôķҪӣӵĸǺܴܴģˮоһûӣһûĸ׵Ů˶Լź
ѾкˣΪкѾǺˣŮԱˮҪԴһЩв䣬ΪģԼۡ
һЩǧּˮܶҲҪˮһǰ
ߵ磬Ϊ
ʱ򣬷ּӶڣȻڣҲڣСѾͷžŹӣˮ֪˭ģСѾͷĵııСһ
ˮоر߹ȥƿˮĵĽţ
Ѿͷ˭ģˮܺʵ
׽̵ģ˵ܵÿ죡
ˮûгָ㼸ŮйоأеĸĸϲĺӣȻˮҲǺϲ
ͷ۵ĺӾڤģĺʲôĶһģй֮޲һƫ
˵ѧѧѣڤͣĺһСľͻΪħͷΪһۣǽǿǿ϶ģϲһЩͱ෴·Щ¹ڳԣԡ
˶ͷۣڤС󣬾ˣ¸¥ûа취ʱһ٣һƨɣȴŽ̲ģȴǺϲڤҲỤڤھ̵Ļ
޲ٹܽһˣһֻˣڹܽһˮһˡ
Сӣ̸̸òã
ˮڤ˵
ˮóٶϴκСӹϵȻˮһʱ䲻࣬ˮֻˮ黹СӺܳݵģ˵ŮĿеӢۣСʱǡ
ðǸж
ڤܺʵ
ôˣ
ˮЦĿӡ
ǸڷҵĴ̼ͷˣ˵Һ᲻ΪѰ
ڤ˵
ˮ뵽ڤͷӣʵ𣿡
һ첲һȣҺüΧסҺܵÿ죬Ȼٵı
ڤзŹ˵˷ܲǺ¡
ˮԴ֪ڷʲôңЦ˵ΪʲôҪ
ŮѣȻˣǺ̿ͷҲҺŮˡ
ڤм˵
ˮһǳױ۵ˣڤ󣬾ĺӣ⻰һĺ˵ģǰҲУûгִϸ첲ȵ顣
½ĺӱ죬е磬ˮ𾪵ľǾҺŮˡ
ţ֧㣬ǸŮ˭ҵѾͷŮ𣿡
ˮҲеͷֹֻۣرڤġ
ҵģȻŮѣǹϵɺˣǺڷҾ˵ǿ󣬺ţˡ


1299 ǿ֮̿ڤ
ҵģˮҲû˵֮ǰˮ뿪ʱҲѸĴ󲿷ּסˣֻǲûкڷҺ壬ֻͨĻˮҲᾪʲôҪǿڤ˵ĺǿļ壬ѵǴģ
뵽ڤֻǸСƨеж
ŶСӣ֪Ůʲô𣿡
ˮʵ
ˮ̻СӰ
ʱ¸¥˵߹Ŀү
֪֪
ڤƺһ˵
ˮеΣڤ˵һ䣬ˮϺ˺ܶࡣ
ŮԺӣӵġ
ڤ˵һ䲻ĻǰˮһΪӿʲôÿĶˡ
¥Һͺڷʲô壿
ˮЦ¸¥ʵ
һǰ壬Һܵ͵ƺʶڷƺΪҹģڷ˵ſһ㣬Ҳû̫֡
ǶӵСŮ𣿡
ˮЦʵ
ܾƯŮǱСӴꡭ
¸¥˵
ˮһ㶿¸¥⵽ԷһۣΪˮŮ˻СҲˮһ꣬ڶôСҵŮôŴ
Һ棬СŮҲϲôСģ
ˮʵ
Ҳ֪Ҳ֪СӸŮʩչʲôħ䣬˻ͦõġ
¸¥˵ڤƺҲûа취
ڤͻС
ǲҪ˵ͻСҪ
ڤˮ˵
ˮһ֪¸¥û˵Ļ֪Լ˵ĻԻõ෴ãֻ˵ǣֹģ˵˵òãѵ㲻ѵ˲ڽ𣿡
ڽ£ںС͡ٶȿ㣬Ҳֻܣû
ڤ˵Ȼڻ󣬵ڴ½˵ĺѾ׺ܶණˡ
书Ψ첻ƣ
ˮ˵һƬҶ׳һѵȻҶ

һĽ۶ϵ
ڤǲ󣬵ٶԵĻһɱкܶ㣬۾ѨЩѨشֱɱֻҪоԵٶȡ
ʵˮû˵ٶȺŵģٶҲˣֻһٶȸ졣
ڤˮҶѾֵϣһƬȻҶҲˣҲˣҶɱ˰λǺгġ
ˮûк˵ԼжΪˮΪиǿϵͿΪΪֻпԼܳãܳ죬ڤСҲҪ
ǲҲٶȣ
ڤ˵
ֻҪú֤ԺʮٱһЩ޴Ҳһɱ
ˮ΢Ц˵Ҫǻһͼ
ƭң
Ҷӣƭкô𣿡
ˮԴ
ڤĵЦˣΪ仰Цģ
·ѵһ¡
ˮóһн롣
¸¥ЦŰѻûжڤ·ѵ
ѹɣףҶôˡ
ڤ˵
Сƨ˼ȥ껹ϴأôСŮѻ˼ˡ
¸¥Ҳ̲סȤ
ׯŮˣʥüǿɰȴеޣһڤҲǳ磬ʹƽʱҲĴݣڤȻƤҲϲܣЩ˾ȵ飬𾴳ϻǺһڱСҺҲرչˣΪ˵ܵúͱ˴ܣǴ򲻹ҲҪ
ˮ֪ЩˮСӻǸСӺȻҲǣ˵ĳɾߣڤǽƫ棬ڤȻڤ֮ɷ
ڤԺٶȺ;ŹȻȭҲҪޣʺٶȣΪǿĵսˣԴ̿Ȥ𣿡
ˮһһ˵
ڤʻǺɵģڤҲҪʲôôĵʱ䣬˵˵ɣ
̿ͣǰɱ𣿡
ˮЦҡҡͷ̿ҲǷֺü֣˵ְɱĴֻ̿Сֻ̿ͣ͵Ϯɱ½Ĵ̿ʹ󲿷ֶС̿͡
ŶʵҶҲܸȤ֪ǿĴ̿ʲô̿ͣ
ڤҲˡ
ǿĴ̿;ڤһ˭˭ٶ˱ҲԹȥɱǣǿĵɱ֮Գ󷨺˺ݳɸָˣǾͨҩҩȣ伫ܡ
ˮյ˵
ɱҩݡܣҶϲ
ڤ˷ܵ˵
¸¥оͷеôһСӣǲ֪ˮΪʲôô̵ڤ
ˮѾϱ鲼ڤȫһѾһˣСʱҪһΣһκҪһˮǰٶҲǾѷԭɡ
ҵƺڱᣡ
ڤȵ˵
úøһ£
ˮֻ˵һ£Ȼ˫ѸٵĲЩ롣
Űʱʱ䣬ˮڤϵĽȡȥϴϴɣȻȥȫùŹһʱ
ڤ϶һЩɫ۹ϴ跥Чڤϵ۹ŵºٺһЦˣζԼо̱ǣˮ¸¥ûκα仯жǹС
룬¸¥ϯض
ˮڤȥ·
¸¥е㵣ĵ˵
õģǧںӲǿиı䣬ҪرڤԽֹԽ෴·
ˮǲرĵġ
ڤǲʺߴ֮̿·
Ƿ֮壬ǳһʣٶϻױȣټСеС̿ʺȻˮĺӾΪС̿ͣҪҲҪ֮̿ڤ
ˮпĵĹâ
ˮҪɱôˣɱû̫õ³ġ
¸¥е㵣ġ
ɱܱȱɱã˵ƶģסľʲô֣ҲǱܶ˵ɱħҿ𡣡
ˮЦſ¸¥
㲻ǣɱħһǻ㣬ĸԸԹ޻ڡ
һʲôģÿ˵·һõģڣûΣοǵڤһҵǸоСһԸܺð

ˮɾҪǣһˮͲܸˣҪڼͣ죬ÿ䶼Ҫһ˵˵˽ȻҲҪ㰮顣
ˮÿһҶķţΪҪ뿪
˯ȹһҶӣմȾһ˿Ϣ㷢ɢţǿʳ̻˿һ㡣


1300 ʩֽ
ˮһҶһ㶣ʵΪʲôȥǷ䣬ʲô
ˮһ㶣ҵŮˣʲôֵġ
˵סѩ׵Ȼɳȥ
ֲʲô
һҶС˵ʵˮʲô
ˮȻóȻЦԭʳ̻ĹŮҲǾ̸̸룬ѵ֮ǸͲ˵𡣡
һҶ豻ˮ˵ֱֵˮŤһ£ҲǱСɫҧһͦģˮƤȻ̫ˡ
ߣڿһ˿쳾ζˮɳϣ㲻һе㲻㣬Һ˵ҪʿҪ
㻹˵Ҵǲǡ
һҶ߼˵
úã˵˵
裬ʲôʱߡ
ˮת仰ʵ뵽һҶ뿪е㲻
оŮͼŮӶԼˣֹ֪Ժĳɾж󣬵Ӧòƽ
ɣ뿪ҲٻҾͼ޸òã
һҶĿˮЦ
ʵʨʹ޸ˮģһֱûУˮȻҪ֪ԼʵѾŮˡ
Ȼˣʱ㣬棬ʿŶ
ˮգգ۾촽˵
һҶЩͷϵһЦˡ
ӣȥİɣˮվЦ˵
һҶЦվſ˫ۣ
ˮźߴӵһҶȥʹͻһϵ֮ǰЩġ
ˮһҶڴϣȻ̴ڣһҶ΢΢
ĸоˮԺĴ˱ţһһϸ΢۾ӡգȻ촽
һҹؾǲˮͷȥˮֱ°ڣһ쵽棬ˮȵȻֻ˯£ǿյġ
סǼͦķӯһ˲ˮϴһֱ裬һҹ費ܿƵ촽ſˮͷ̴С
ˮ϶ϸ壬һҹҲſһֻ§סˮĲӣ۵СżӦһˮһĸоˮ޷ݡ
ˮһֱǵɿڿǽ޵գ糺һƬƽʱĲʳ̻Ϣг
ˮסһβ´λʲôӦ㡣
΢΢Ϣһҹˮ˵
Ҫס˵ĻȻʱ϶̼ģǽ첻ģġ
ˮ˵ķ۾ֻֽ˯³ȥһˮǰûһ˿覴ãǰķӯ߸ŲûΪŶ˿Σ˵ķɢ޵ջ󣬵ͷסһ̰˱
һҶ͵ع
ƽ̹Сϸβͱֱ֮ν񹤡
ˮһգգĿţȻ˫ֻĴǵһ翪ʼһģ˫ַ·ħһ㣬ֵǺܴһƬУĸоʵ浶ǹѷɫȻûӾϵĳ
һҹĹҲֲסҧԼһеϲָо뵽һҡ
ˮִصСƵȡССѾָİšѹţ
ˮҲһҹȻҧŲһ䷢΢΢ĴϢˮ񱣬ǰֱ̬һҹһֻСѾʯһ覣ۼɢ㡣
ǰˮǲĽѾһǵĳ嶯ָоǿҡ
⻮۵Ľʱһҹ跢һ΢Ľ˵Ҳϵһе㣬ܶ˵ĽŶеģΪϵѨܶࡣ
ˮҪɾ
һҹеڻˮʲôҲûһķ֮
κεطʥģ

Ȼû浶ǹҲŮܵĽӴˣˮæ˲һʱʱͷųϺܶ࣬һǲմϢվޱȡ
ˮһҶϴ˸ԧԡӵڴϡ
һҶֳһҲҲǸˣҪǿߣǸС塣
裬ʲôԸûУ
ˮûʲô롣
ǰҵԸǰʨΪһҶֻعеãˡ
һҶˮŮɫر㣬һ˵ҸǰڵĽҪҸ
ǸĹŮˣǰѪһְĸΪֳҪȥȥҪű
ΪŮĸ֮𲻹죬һֱŬţּ尾һܳܵģǰ˵ȫǱռš
ˮһζʱʵȴΪ¶ʮ̤ƽʨ룬ˡ
ҲͻȻֲ֪ʲôʱϲɫСˣҲԼ˵ԼļҳʱΪ֪ʱǲκ˵Լͳ˵ġ
Žߵˣˣˣ̽ͷĴһ£ȴһǣС춼΢΢ŵˣҸĸо
δˮ޵õУ˵Ҳõһݣ㲻ʲôԸΪæ˶ʮ꣬ϣ֮ȫ㡣
һҶǳЦſˮ
ǲԸΪʵҲܣ¹ӣҲ䲻㣬ⱲҶҪ˽Ҳá
ˮıס
Ůమû䲻⣬ѵ㻹뷨
һҶ΢Ц˵
ǰԱӦúٺ٣еԱ
ǰɣ㶼ˣԱ
ģҰɣ
ˮ˵
ðô
һҶ΢Ц˵
˵Һϲ
ˮ˵ססԼ档
һҶֱһҧˮؿڡ

ڶһҶ뿪ͣǺˮһֵһĶʧһҶ˰ڰʧҵϿա
һ߻֪ʲôʱܻˮ˦˦ͷ
ߵˮߣǺ飬ϣɣ
ţʵġ
ȥǱòã
˵
չˣúɣԺǴ涼գ֮䡣
ģ
ȻˣҸ̱Ԫһ£ʵһ£Ҳþˡ
ˮЦ˵
ģͷˮֻҪˣֲӢڣҲΪԼܳʱûлԭ벹ҲŮˡ
ˮΪŮڶϴ跥ڤѾϴ跥ˣӵ츳ԼʱһҵһֱۺĴСʱĵӺЩСһر


1301 ңʵ⣬ݶûв
֪ѾҴһܣ˶˲ʵҪǰṉ̀Ԫˮڵʵǿ԰Ǻܶܶģҵ˵һξ޴ķԾ
ʱˮɾɾʱ⣬Ȼϵʱ⣬ʱָ˵ƶһƻ
ˮȥǸνĺڷҺңȻ˵ûʲôֵ飬ˮҪһиʲôʧ޶ĴӪ
ûѧϰ壬ʵ̫ˣȻû¸¥츳ǿ󣬵౴Ҫǿ٣ϵĸˡ
һҶ뿪ˣˮڵĻΪǿģһŶѱޣˮºܶණúȡʵ
ĵǿСƿֱӿƿͻƵļʻˮְѨ̱ԪԼһЩͻƵĵҩ
ɾҩѾʼˣǰˮʹõĵҩҲһЩļֵҩĶºܶࡣ
ԺǿǲֹģˮҪľѡѸãһ¥ػҲ¥ĸ߶ȣˮûٶȳΪص㣬һֱԴΪҪţ֪ȷ
츳ٶǺѣѾˣʮʱﵽһµĸ߶ȣڵҩ͹ʱ٣мĻͻڷһΡ
ȥҺͺڷҰɣ
ﱧˮ첲˵
Ҳã
ˮЦ
Ҳȥ
ڤƲƲ˵
ôˣ
ˮڤʵ
֮ǰٶȿֹٶȿˬ
ڤһᵽеüɫģ˷ܵĲС
Ҫ״ѧֹֻԼøУôʱ򣬱üֹ
ˮʵƭģ㡣
Ҳţ
ڤЦ˵
Ǻãվ뿪һ֮أŲأֻҪһƬ½ǣҿԴӦκ
ˮ˵ýŻһһߴСȦ˵
ùңɣ¡߳Ȧӡ
ڤգ۾˵
ã
ˮЦ˵
ڤ˵ֱˮȥȻһ͵ֱǸСȦѹ
ССȴǿȫСȦӣˮأֵܵ
ˮܿģСͦʹģ˹ߵﻹѾϹļŮЦ
ʹˮҲа취Ҫ֪ˮǾͨŹŹ֮ǿŲƣµȦ֮˲˺һߣΧ˸ˮڤſȻֱӿˮ
ˣ
ڤֱӿ϶˵
㿴ˣˣûгȦӰ
ˮЦ˵
˵˲ֹңȦȥģȴȦ⣬һƵһߵġ
ڤ϶˵
û㣬ӦÿԸоģҿʹһ۷㿴ȦӵλǴء
ˮЦ˵
ʵˮûʹãǿڤʹַҲǺܼ򵥡
ڤһ㶣룬ƺ̫ףĵٴˮȥһû֮ǰȥץ۾Ķˮ
ȻǷ֮أڤȴҲˮһƬ½ǣСһţƢͣץš
ˮʱȴǳָ㣬ʩչǲ
磬ˮˮá
ˮĻ·һڤ̤ǲϵı仯ţȭˮ˷ǲͺƺѾͻǰľ硣
һǰˮ̱ԪʣٶһθǾһҲѧˡ
ڤƺҲĳ־磬ĳҾһ㣬ˮ˵Ļȴǿ״̬ƽʱƺڿԺ׵
һֱһʱ仹ڤͣβסϲá
оô
ˮЦ˵
ǰҸоٶȺܿܿ죬ڱǰ˺ܶȴǸоǶôˡ
ڤ˵
ţǰֻھ׵ܣһһԶоĺԶһӸоԼСأ˾ףһʮɣ˵΢оô죬Ϊ޷ġ
ˮҲܿģڤ֮ǰҲһؼͻơ
ȥϤһ£
ڤ˵ֱˡ
ˮЦŸоӻͦϵġ
¸¥Ҳ΢Цţˮ⼸ѹС˺֮ܶ࣬ǰԼûн̺öӣѧãˮĽʽ֮ǰȻ෴ֻһССԼֶƺûǰô棬Һܳ
⿴ϲԺÿ»һεĻôӾͿܽˡ
ˮг󣬺ȥȻż˰ڰֱҷȥϾڤҵĹϵƺ
һкڷʵҶ̫ԶˮýҪýש
ݵعҲİٶʵݾԵǺɨģϾܷӳʵĶûУҲֻмʮƾͷⶥˣȻصĳ⣬Ͼ˭Ҳ֪еʲôʵ
ٶȺΪﵽҺͺڷҺܽԺܿܵȻ׺Ϣֱѹȥ
ˮҲһŷʽȻķʽЩԵҲ֣ߵݡ
ˮӽµʱ踮ſѾվźܶˣһɫŵĿſоްԵ׺Ľ
ˮЩˣ껹ˣˣ϶ߣимʵˣعҲдﵽʮʵģ⵹ˮ⣬Ϊ޵ʵǿҲˣҵļŮﵹǳʵ
ҵ˿һ׷ͯյǰ˵ǰǰʧԶӭ
˼ңˮðˣʵǲ˼
ˮҲϰ߰ʲô̬е˵
֪ǰˣûмʱǰȥݷãĪ֡
һһǰϾˮʵҪҲͼʱ䡣
ǰ룬С룡
æˮȥʱҲɢȥȥæˡ
˼ң֪ʱߵĺܽϾͽˮɡ
ˮ˲ȥ
ôɣУС
æ˵
ڤҶӣԺΣ˼ҲҪˣȻɱ˲٣ȴûɱһ޹ˡ
ˮ֪˾Լ֣Ӧе㺦Լ
۾һ˵ͷӾͷˮˡ
Ͼʵ̫ˣ
У
˼ң֮ǰ뿪ʱﻹûҺͺڷң֪Ǵġ
ˮЦŽӹĲ˵
ʵͺڷҶǴհ޹ġ


1302 ˮε޴
ŶհҲȥΪʲôհްأ
ҵļˮ˵հʱһ뵽̨ңΪ̨ںˮҲǷֲˣҲȥ̨ңݵɽֻţݵɽķ֧ˮţɽϵõ졣
ˮ뵽Ҷ̣Ǹ°¶ŮˣǸСѾͷԼ͵Ҷž۵ģǰҶһΣ֮ǰ̨ӦҲչҶҵģھ͸˵ˡ
ֻǲ֪ڹúòã뵽ǸŮӣˮļ䲻ǺҲǺģǸоңԶ·þúþǰ飬ʵʱ仹治ˡ
Һͺڷհ治ȥˣҲûа취Űģֻû뵽ǿļ塣
˵治ȥʱеɬ
ˮհҲͽϺϺհ޵ĶǿʵϺ
˼ңҵʵܳĲ֪࣬ʲôʵԱңǸڷұӦҲʲôɣ
ˮʱܺ档
ڷһҪǿһֻ֣ҲסԷԷҰˣҵıϺϣռˣʧ˼岻ٺ֣˳
˵Щһɬ
Ұˣ
ˮ뵽ľţϲٽϺҰˣͨݵͼ֪ݵϺţݵϺһϺϺޱߣЩҰ˰˵ӦţݵҰˣѵϺĳЩҰˣ
Ϻһĵطкܶൺ죬еĺܴ˿ںܶ࣬һС½һ
ܳ˵ЩҰʵ̫£Һͺڷǿ󣬵Ӧǿޣ£ǶԷࡣ
ЩҰжˣ
ˮĻϺ̨ҺҶҡ
вǧˣÿһǺǿ󣬲ƺ̫ҿϺ
˵
Ϻ鱨Ӧ֪ˣҺͺڷѾһˣ˵ϺЩҰ˹˼ɵĴڣػ壬һЩؼ壬ЩȻ֣һиߣ߾Ի֣ҰҹϺǾԻֵġ
ˮҲȥˣôʱˣʲô飬Ϣʹ֮Ĳ̫ˣˮоƽıƺž޴С
ˮҪǿҺͺڷҵʵ˳һ£ҵʵˮҲͷˣڵҵʵ̫ˣҿԳΪݱǿĴڡ
˵һЩϣܺʲôģȻǱȥһκڷҡ
ڷ֪ˮǰˣͬˮ֮ǰ⣬ھԵʵǰҪŵ̬Ĺߵϣ淨
ڷҾ͹˼ңΪҵǼŮһǳǿߣ˸һĴڣӦôܻġ
ڷҵ˺е񣬾ǳеڣƺһѪͳϧϽѪƽѪ󵫱һѪҪһЩӵѪԻǿ׳һЩ
ϧһԸһѪҲԸѪΪӵѪе̫ˣ˻һ㣬Ů˾еˡ
ֻ˰첻ʱͺﷵңʶһӾͿ֪ҺͺڷûǿߣȥһҲǷˣͨҲԴһЩϢοںħҲǿѡ
ʨôˮ֪ˮûзַںʨĴڷڲǿ󣬼ţݺƴˮȥĵطţֻǱɽһǣȻȥĶǿҲһʨҲڶˮûйϣϾǸвԻȥ֮Ҫһ顣
ˮûȥʨ룬ϢӦÿԴݵϢҲܴٻȥˮ׼ţѾʵ
ȥ֮ˮ׼ţˣӦǲʱĻǵģȻֿᣬܸʱѾǺˣǰҲģֻҪʮʮĲ
ˮ磬оʱȥã
ΪҪʹǸ޴͹ܣ̫粻ã̫˸ãѡϦҪµʱֱӴ˹ȥ
ˮ˰ڰʧң
һʧٳʱˮ޵鶼ˡ
ֱӽ뵽ˮУ˵ǸŮˮУʲôˮУһ裬ֱܴףһ嵭ĻζЩĳСģΪǰһһ˿ҵ
ˮµľ´͵ʱ˯´͵ʱЩ˽£ȻҲϴ裬ԽʲôԽʲô
ŮȻҲǴһһ޳ֱˮȥһˮһСһˮȥϸСˮȴŶһĿֲ
ܿ쿴ˮȴǻָƽһ㸴ӣֱ˻Ȼ󷽵߹ȥ
ˮ峺ףѩǻˮǻģǰķӯѩ׵İΣ쳣ɢ˵ķ㣬˷۵͹˵ҫۡ
ƽСη鱥ײϵĳ嶯ˮˮ֮ʱһ㶣ΪֵȴǹͺͺֻһѪķɫ϶
ÿ𣿡
Ů˳Ȼִֻˮļϡ
ˮе㾪һ㣬̧ͷ³ŻЩʥգеλе죬ŮһˮìܵŮˣǸоŮ˺ܴӦҲɫ
Ҳ֪ʱϴ衣
ˮ˵Ҳˣʱ˵Բеα
ʵˮﻹоԼҪλˣӦҲǳƽˣ˵Լ⡣
ǰڿʲôÿ𣿡
Ůɫƽκ춼ûС
ǰ׻ǣ
ˮ˵
Ůʱˣһеɬ
ǰ׻ֻ׻ͱ˲һҶ˼Ȼġ
Ů˵һԾȥ¥ķȥӦ·ɡ
ˮԭأ׻ǣӦú˫ɣΪǿ˷ΪǵĶƤܿͻ桭
ǾһǳԲľ磬ھ˫ҲԲˡ
ǰŮʵе죬ˮоеУһжое㲻ʵ
гһùϵˮɣܿ죬Ů˴˳һβסǷ˴ԼˣѾָƽһ˿ΣֻǲϸǷֲ˵ġ
һμң
ŮЦʵ
Ů˵ϺǸ¥Уֻһ̨诺̲ڡ
ţ
ˮӦһһˮƣһʹ;͵УԺôʹãˮȻƤ񣬵Ů˲ŮˣԻе̫ͻ
ﻹðɣ
ţܺãԺҪһ»»ȥһΡ
ˮŮ˵
ţҲð
ŮЦ
ٳ
ϲ𣿡
Ů˵ĻˮͷðͷеĵŮˣʥࡢţʣµʣֻʱʥȫںˡ


1303 ׻ǡŮλã᲻ᱻƣ
ˮ֪Ůʳ仰ʲô⣬ÿοŮ˶ǸоôĲʵͷ۵Ĳ֪ôش
ʦ壬ܲܲҪôҡ
ˮ˵ǵһαһòŮ˸㵽ͷۺͺ£ӦǺ£ħ飬һҲûк£ûָо
Ů˷ЦЦڳŮЦ
˵ûôϣ˵С㣬ˣˣҵı˶մˣŲǵһռұ˵ˡ
Ů˺Ŀˮ
ǰˮԲţΪŮ˸оеŵȻúʥ࣬оǹеŵȻְ׻ǣоַ˻治ࡣ
ǸĹˮ˫޹רŽм֡׻֮һһĻҵҲܲס׺֮
ˮع񱣳ֳĬ֪ʱ˵ʲôǲʣõľǱ͡
ǲˣ
Ů˿ˮ
ûУôء
ˮæ˵˵ҲС
ˣûˣ첻ˣ㲻ҹĻ߰ɡ
Ů˿ˮЦ˵
Ͼߣ
ˮæ˵
߰ˣ߰ɣҲģһ뺦㡣
Ů˿ˮתҪһס
ˮͷŮˣһ쳣峺ǵͷǾʹʦˡ
ˮΪǰǾ仰ģһ뺦㣬仰ˮӴθоůһ仰
оŮ˲ôķŵ̨˵ʦֻһˣֻ֪ʦˮʲô̶ȣץˣˮܲ
ȥ㣬Եİɣ
ˮЦ˵
Ҳãߣһȥ
Ů˵ˮ߳¥Ů˺Ȼǣˮ֣ˮ㿪ģûж㿪ڶе㲻Լһʲô顣
֪Ů˲ŲԼģΪעܵˮ֮ҲԭŮ˲ŻɣֻΪʲôѡԼѵԼǸǱɣ
ǱҲץ̫׼˰ɡΪˮʾԿԺˮ֮ûκ⣬֪ԼôˮеŹ֡
ΪоŮ֪ԼԵĻһᱻˡ
ǣֲŲԶĺȥϦ£ֻʣһһͣСϺ£ûζ
ĻǰԱȵģǣһò񻰵ŮˣֱʱˮŷŮûдЬӣһ˫µ㡣
ˮʲôʱ׼ȥݣ
Ů˿Զ˵
ܰλöݵʱ򡣡
ˮ˵ʱӦÿ˰ɣֻҪܰ궨κһݶС
ţˮҵҲһλá
Ů˿ĵˮ˵
Ŷô죿
ûأʲôֵġ
Ů˿ˮ
ˮ˵ɾ֪ŮǲҲһЩĶء
λö
ˮϣҪλҲݣݵλãоݵĿԺܴ
Ҷţݣˣҵֻܶţݡ
ŮҲе㲻˵
ˮܿģ˺ܾãоӦʵĵط߾Ǻķйϵ죨򣩶µλú죨ޣܶ
ˮԽԽпܣΪǷֲ˿ŵģһ޶һģԸûбҪͬһطλá
뵽ˮ֪ÿĻƣôԼһλòݾǵݣоˮھÿݶһ㡣
Ҳ滹ǿͬһ߲̫ԶλӵģҲ԰ɡ
ǺãԺţݾˣʦǣҶҵʦ壬Ȼʦһţݡ
ˮЦ˵
ˣȴҲȥˡ
Ůֹһ䡣
ôأлҲȥݿ
ˮЦ˵
ţʱȥ￴һûȥء
ˮóͺŮ˲ˮߵ΢Զһλá
͵۱󸣬ɾѾҲһЩˣһЩ񺣵ˮʨޣµľҲҲǻ˲٣Ҳʹ˺ܶ࣬ҪѾСɾˮҲһȺˮʨޣˮʨ޺۱һҲܶˮʨޱ۱󸿴Ưˣϧޣڱһࡣ
ˮ൤ҩǿ̱Ԫ츳ĵҩѲǰܱˣЧ˺ܶ౶Ҳڱ仯ⶼǾĹЧ
ˮͲ
Ů˿ˮеĳ͡
ţаɣҵٵĺö
ˮЦ˵
Ŷʲô˵öⶫ治ء
۱󸣬ˮʨ㲻㣿
ˮЦ˵
㣬Ȼ㣡
Ů˻Ǻܾȵġ
ŶˣǵһʱһԳ㡣
ˮЩǿ˵ģ˵ŮҲرˡ
㣬һԣ
ŮɫܹŹֵĿˮ
ǰ诶̶ˡ
ˮŮôȡ
Ů˾ȵǣ㲻ʹԪһų飬˭ܵ˭ǳ֮ˣҲԵˣ֮һֻͻڸӵмŮӵģкܴļʻΪޣҲǺ֪
ֻһǲǴ诶һ˭ݾˣԲ㡣
Ů뵽ԼܿҡҡͷܵģԼⱲעҪ¶ϣҲǺԷѡ
ôˣʲô𣿡
ˮŮƺܳԾ֮ǰԾеʧһ㡣
ûУɣҿǺĶ
һˮõׯԺԹˮĶ
ܿˮ͵һֱ㣬ǺڿǵģӪֵḻҪּζûǴ󲹣ֵ㡢Ϻзˮסˡ
ˮóֱɳ̲
ɳ̲Ͽ˵ŲȻʪºͣŲɳ̲رԶк񣬵¥ȴûУȻҲῴʲôëʺ֮ࡣ
ܿ磬ˣտ֣ټˮĲϣȻζľζˡ
ˣܲܽǸ诶̶Ǹ
Ůһ߳һʵ
Ǵڲ⣬вŮ޲á
ˮ֪Ů˵ǾŹŮ˰̲ס٩һ䡣
Ůû˵ֻǼš
˰ɣģһҽ㡣
ˮһֱϰŮ˲ƣͻȻе㲻ϰߡ
Ŷˡ
Ů˺ǺЦ
ˮʼһԪǲŮ˸ãʶ㣬ѧر죬Ůƺźڤ츳
֮ӴŮƺһҲ⣬ˮʧ񣬲Ů˵ɷϣŮ˴ʱˮƺˮϷմˣˮоܹ֡
ʦ壬֪ţûзںʨ߱Ƽ𣿡


1304 ˣ̱Ԫ
Ůһ£ҡҡͷţһûӦûʲôȻǿ֪ģҲţˣӦҲûɣ
ţһЩһ߶аɣ
ˮҡҡͷңҪŰһ¡
Ͼţе޶ǺܿµģȥʲôҲ̫ܣϾҪģһֹӦҲ֪ԼĴڣȵʱˮȥԶŴʹкͱƼйص˳֣ˮһɱ⡣
ʱҵƼң˳Ҳҷڣ´λСִȥķڣȻҲҪҵڡ
ǲǺйڣ
Ůʵ
ţҵǻݣԶŴʹ
ˮ˵
ԶŴ˵̫ˣһЩڿơ
ŮЦ
ˮѧԶŴʹԺֻݵ˹ţݵ˹ȥ
ˮһҹ㣬۳ʲôˮŮ˲ٶʲôģŮ˵Ҳûп
绻ʩչ뿪ˣʼҲûм̨̺诣Ѿչˣʲôʱ˵׼
оУ·̫ˣÿʮεľл÷ĻҪһ»࣬ˮһݴǺ׵ġ
ˮûȥʤݣȥһҲʱĹ⾰ݵ֮ľѾ޷赲ˮ赲ˮݡţݺ֮ľ룬죬֪˶ٱȻǸ޴Ȼֻһλõ컹ûãٶˮûá
һƺɺһӦǷȻϵȻɣ
ʮˮٴλصѧһεһȴǳе㾪ȣͦ
ˣ
ˮرĿġ
ϵƱˣʵˣڵˮкܴĲ࣬ڵʵѾ֮ǰĸ졣
Ů޲ɷ촩һѩ׵£ĹȻĶݣɣһҶһֺ쳾ζȴǹˡ
ˮʲôҲû˵ǰһѱסʲôʱصģ
ոգ
ҲǸջ
ˮЦ˵
̧ͷˮסˮˮƺǰͬƺһЩʲô
ŮôˣǲǷʲô£
ˮе㵣ĵʵ
ûУǺ뿴㡣
Ц˵
˵ˣҲ档
ˮЦ
˭Ҫ棬֪ߣ
ˮֱšסЦ
أ
ˮǣסȥһʵ
ڼҰɣȥȥɿְɡ
˵ҡҡ֡
ôˣֲǲ֪Ϸ˻ôߡ
ˮյĽģŲ֡
߹ǲϲԼͳ鲻ı䣬߹н֯ǿ˵ġ
ԽԽԵˣεׯ԰ȥʵһȥͿŮ߿첽

ɷȻĵıȻˮϣˮ޳һװ壬ɷֻһ㣬ˮĲͷĵЦţڱ˿Ҳ΢ЦѣɷûдЦûЦЦĴָ
΢ЦиȾһ˵𺳣еЦЦͱ˵Ц֮ͬЧ
ˮ΢ЦſŮϲůЦݻоرĿģҲƽԵְɣһ
תȦҿĵĴкȥ
ˮ֮ǰͳǣ߹ʱһֱ߹ûпʲôŹֵɫƺе˵ĸоܿʧ
ˮ֪ѧʲôʽóʵô࣬Ѿǧǧ˰ѧһЩĶ
ˮǲǾҵʵɴУػĴڣ⴫ʹһΡ
ˮΪˮΣܸоڿʵ
ǿɻо޴ĺôֻҪʣɿккܶ෽ʵֻҪǸʣȻ˭Ҳ˷һεĻᡣ
ţܺã
ˮȻ֪帮Ͳܸᾡģû뵽ôľģܿġ
ˣиԪ̫泤ʱΪҹඥ
ˮ
ඥ
ˮ뵽Ǹˣඥ֣һ΢ඥǴһϴεļ˵ĹඥˣһֹඥԪѾ޷ǰĴһĹඥ
ֹඥǿ󣬿ΣҲΪඥʵ̫Ļѳܵס츳ƣֹգﵽ;ͲգϷǻ
˵̨峤Ӧǵڶ֣Ϊ˵ԪˮĵüͷеΣա
֪ҸվŴУһΣս͵ͣڵʵΣջǺСġ
ˮĽ͵
ˮû˵һֱų
ŮͻȻܻţеֻţˮŬԼƽ˵̫泤ϱ׼Ϊһεĳ˹ඥģҺܲϲඥҲΪ˵õʵѾˣо˴޽໹һԪ
ʵܿʵԼγǣԭˮоԼ˵Ҫ̫ˣԼʵ׷
Сһ㣬Ұǻȹһ¡
ˮЦ˵
ˣ
һе˵
Ϊʲôôʣ
ǲǸоΪʵֶΣ
ˮһգգ
ÿ˶Ƕʵſȵ׷ҵΪʵģҵĻʵͲȣʵǿ˺߻ħסģҪʧ׷ʵС
ˮ˵
һģлл
һҲϵ˵
ˮ֪Լ˵Ŀܻһãһ˰ɣܴܲﵽЧҲܿ϶
ˮóǿḺ́Ԫýģ˳߻ҩЧǺǿġ
ǳңˮǵһںǰһΪѾȷϵֻûһѡ
ʱķڴϣȻѾ˺ܶ룬ջޱȣѩ׵ɢջ¥ŮĻڵȼ
ǲͷĿˮѾеٵˮȴЦˡ
ˮҧʩ룬µķӦҲǱܸߡ
ųһʱʱ䣬һι̱ԪɣЧرľ޴󣬹̱ԪʵǴϷһ糤ԭĹٵһǧ٣һι̱Ԫǰһǧһǧûб䡣
Ǽ裬ӵȹ̣ȣе粻ɽʵȫĹУһЩһ
ˮҰɣ
ˮһʱ򣬳


1305 ʵҩǧķ
Ļˮһ֣Ƿѩϴһ¡
ž
̣
˲Ƿһ΢ҲʶģϾˮҲͻȻȻʹҲһֽӴ
ȻˣԺպ˵㲻֪𣬲߻𡭡
ˮٺٵЦһѱ𳤹
ȥԡң
ˮ˵еӻеš
ˮֱȥԡңһԡͰֱһװ룬߶ˮĿڸߣˮ峺ףֱӽԼϵ·ȥų˽ȥ
ԡͰˮȪˮѧȪȥ쳣ˮĶʱóе¡
ˮպõؿڵһ룬һӿǸŷӯƯˮһ㣬պ¶һǷ۵㡭
峺ˮˮߣ޳ֱȣصĻ԰һĨջĺɫرջûֱӶʳǰס
Ҳɣ
ˮЦ
еִĻŵĳæӦһˮɿ˫ַסԡͰߣӵֻܿڱ
ΪˮҪһ㣬굽ˮϱߣҪ쳤ӣһֻӯͦˮϣѸٵĲ¡
ŵþҪˣǰģҪ˵ʱˮȴǲˣסȻû˵Ѿ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˡ
ŮôõĵطҪ˺òá
ã
ˣû뵽СҪ̫Ϊˡ
ˮֻ֪вԺиĸ
ҪҪѡһɣ
ˮٺٵЦ
һȻˮʤˣ߲˵۾һͷҾͲ
ˮæͷˮʶεǿֱӵʶ۾һҲѷɫ
Ϲ̣ĸѩͦѹˮıϣȻŲ
ˮ̫Ҳ̫С˽Уﻹ̵ĺ
С
ߵ˵
ˮԿǱ۾ɬĦˮѪţڳ΢΢̧һµʱˮѸٵתգۼɡ
ͳ˴ӱظֻˮʧˣΪ滹иǹ˳ϣſۣˮһʱߵˮϴ¡
ˮֱӱס󣬳סԡͰߣͰѷͦزͦˮʱֱӰȥ̰Ŀš
ĳסˮӦˮ˫ʩչֽڳϣֻܱܿˮ§ŲŲڵ
Ů׼𣿡
ˮˮһΡ
ţ
ӱ΢
ˮˮлļȥһʪȺλãҧˮ֮ۻǿԳܵġ
һƺɫӽϴƮ
ˮȻ޸˭߳һιֹܺѧһѧͻᡭ
ʱһĹȥһϢϵ֮䴫ݣһ쾭ͨˡ
ˮһ㶣ʮ쾭ǲʮŮͼ
ž߲ʵҲ貵ĹΣͬʱҲǿơ
ɢſ˫ۣ˼ĿˮΪһʵȻӵǧò˵£ˮҲǾȵܲˣ֮ǰɱԪž޴Ĺϵ
֪̫泤ϹඥҲǧʵ
ŮǸÿһˣ֪˵ζ
ᣡ
ˮӰɶˮĲ߷Ľ̼ϵĵַţĻĹˮĽϡ
ˮŶ˵Ľգɢջ󣬲ɵˮĵַÿһζᴩ
ԡһֱң
ﰲʱѾǺҹˣצһˮϣѾˣĺˮղһ
Ů𣿡
ˮЦ
֪
һΣûι㰡
ˮһģֻһһıסö
֣ҿ֣ˣҺҪˡ
治
ˮЦ˵


ˮġȡ³˵˺߲ܶĻ
ų˯ȥŮˣˮ㣬˯ĺܰһ˿΢Цһ㡣
ˮڴϣ뵤߲ʵı仯
ʵûб仯߲ʵȴǴԭӶʮıʵﵽӶʮ屶ʵһˮǺܿġ
Ů˫ģǾһӻǺܴģʵﵽǧ֮࣬ɽ幥ϷļʵĻʹﵽ˾ǧһ㡣
ǽǧϷʹô֮ӡĻﵽһǧʵʹô֮ӡٷʵǿֲ
ˮŵˣϾŹϻ֮ͽշħʵսǿޱȡ
ˮͨһ쾭ˮˣҲŮͼϵŮӲܴͨʮ쾭Ůͼ޷͵Ůˡ
һֱЩͷ˳Ȼˮɰɡ
һֱų˯峿һյ䣬ˮˣոˮѩ׵һĶǵĺΣ糿˿ܵʱڣȻٲһ
ˮͳһ𵽿Էطʱһ˵ķŮ֪ʲô飬һŮ˵ֱټϳеĶܸ֤ʵԼĲ²⡣
ֻɷƽʲôҲûпһ
Թˮ˵һҪȥԺ뿪ˡ
Ժ
λүӣѧɲԿԶŴʹ󣿡
ˮֱ˵ûлǰﳤ֮Ѿ˵л˵˷Ե֡
ȻԣֻǿԶŴʹûʲôôνŻǲУּ겻һ̫ƮڣԴɲмڿơ
ˮҲǣСסĳţһνرݵĸ벻Щļʵķۡ
˼ңԶŴʹڶʮֻݵ˹ţݵ˲ܹȥ
ˮ뿴λ˵
򵥣ֱ˽ԶŴʹ󡣡

ȥˮֱӽɾһ鷨֮󣬱㿪ʼҩΪҩҪ
죬м˴֮⣬ʱȫҩ֮ϡ

öˮܿģֱͣ³ҩȥ

ҩ㻨𡢺ǡյС
Ч˲Ѫפագ
һҩһǧ顭
ˮԽеʧǺܲҩפݣ˵϶ôʧҲǶôĿģȴˮ۾һкǸľ鶼ˮǿ


1306 յ磬ǰţڰϵ
ˮʮ㷵裬ֻǲ֪ǲͬһ֣ǲзĹЧһ뵽ǿֲľеͷֻۣۻˡ
죬ˮֱӵϢһĵһ¾ǴڽĲϻҲ
ҲǺ³˫һֱûб仯Ļյˡ
һˮޱȣȻڵʵѾԶԶޣʵڰǧ£ʹô֮ӡʱҲһǧǸеƣΪ׼֮ӡҪһʱ䣬ǿ߽ʱܹؼҺоŹiֲһ㣬Ȼ֮ӡʩչױϡ
յﵽ˵һ𣬻ż²ԶʵȻнĵЦˣһĹֻԾЧ
ˮϲľЩ౦ģԶضЧǰΪһֱЧڷ־޵ʵʧȥãһ𾳽ܹؼԺһֲʵ׶ζõġ
յﵽ弶ģʯǵһﵽģڻյҲﵽˣˮԿ϶Ҳˡ
ʵֱӴﵽ˰ǧĹǺֲܿģˮڴĵˣʵͿˡ
ûʲôȺ³˫ˬˡ
ɾʱѾˣˮϰ߼ŮѾϰΪһ㲻ȥˮԼ
ˮһҵſСɳŷ㶣ˮȥȷ˰ɣ
ˮųת˵⣬һΪ˵㣬һμڴϣһȻűػŶңΧ˵Ŀ⡣
ȴѾΪԼӣ֮ǰʱԼҲ׷ȴԼСŮˣŮ֮һ˵ȻеҲһ˫нҪҪҲкܶ࣬Ů֮ǲܲӱأȻǺҸġ
үûô˵ҪϢ
ˮЦ§¡
һ˵壬ɫһ죬ϲĺˮһۣ˵Ľġ

ˮ뵽磬ŵˣоӦ֪ԼƼң뵽ڼҴһͳˡ
ԶŴʹȥǰǲšɣˮʲôҲ㡣
֮ǰʱ½ŵڲУ붼еоСƣʱԼоǳ´ڡ
ܿ죬ʱ͵˴ˮֱŵķȥ֮ǰ֪λãȷеλø
ˮ֮Ĺϵ㲻ģҲǿ˾Ϳʵ͵ˣһ̨ˣʱˣˮǲһ£츳ǲġ
λãˮܿҵɣһƬȺɽ֮䣬ЩɽȻ󷨣ˮһ£Ȼ;Ź֮λơ
ŵĴźƣ׳ۣһɽĳɵģм䱻һţϷɷд֣ʯѶϡ
ԶȺɽ֮ʣУſʮŵķΣƺ޾ɣ˯һ㣬ˮֺһ˾
ʲôˣʲô
һĿⲻмĿˮʵ衣
ӽк⣬еͷƽʱϲЩ˵飬ȻҲǵһЩǰʦһߣ۹⻹㲻һ˾͵ˢˢ磬һЩеʵ˻뷨跨ĵõЩô
һǿģԺܶ˶֪һЩأ鶼ЩôˮȻû뷨
⿴ˮһˣԸоԵõһЩĺôɵͦøֱˡ
ˡ
ˮ΢Ц˵
ˣ˭
磬ߺڰҲС
ˮźЦ
ǲˣذɣ
ܸɴ˵
ǲǰɣ
ˮûκα仯
ǰɣǲκˡ
ˮҡҡͷֱ˳ȥֱӽ˳ȥ֮ǰѾ֪ŵʲôɫҪǺһݣԺܲ
󵨣Ȼ£ץ
ɱ
˻ȥţˮҪľЧ
ųˣˮҲûôţֱþܿԶֻ޴ݣˮֻӥһˡ
ŵĺڰҲˣˮǼǵǸڳϵԼͽܵģû֮ʵѾ췭ظˡ
ˮûп磬Ŀںڰ׳ϣʱ䣬ǻһʦǽ˵΢΢
ҲˮϵƱˣˮղг˻ԻڵʵǸо޵ĴڣҲԭҲѾˮûаǰǿĴںˮϵһ
żǰ֪ǰǰкηԸ
мһ޳һͨ黭Ĵҡ
磬ֳ
ˮЦ˵
֮ǰǸ˵ʵЩǿģʵҲžֲ֮һ
磿Ŷϣȥ
һæ˵һȥ
㣬ôܣ
ͻȻڳϿˮŵĿˮֱӴסˣˮϳġ
ڰλּˣλϿɺá
ˮЦ˵˿ƲҲܴǵλû˵ǿǹʦڣţһʦǺģֻɲһЩĴڡ
㡭
ǰ׳Ҳǲš
ڳҪˮΪͽܣ󳰷ʱԼ˵֮˼ҳΪһʦ뵽Ǿ仰͸оڳĴһźɺɫ
λϣʶǰ
Ϊ׵æʵһ˿ȣϵϢˡ
ǰʹõػԶŴʹʱʵֻ¡
׳ϹŹֵ˵
׳ϵĻҲǱĴͺһᣬͻȻоûʧ޴ʧ
ʱǰǸ˳ˣˮ羪ϲ˵ˮϵܣ
Ȼ·оףæЩϻǸм˼ŵ˿رĿǰİõĳܣȴǸо䡣
ϸ磬ˣ
ˮļ˸о죬һǿޱȴȴǽһǰһֻһĴΪϸ磬ȻСֻԵġ
ͬʱҲоĹʺˣΪ˭ˮѺѣûǰִˣлһЩĶ
ϸŻðɣ
ˮŷɵ˵
ܺã
ô˵ҲǲţȻһ֧УŻǺӵģ˿ˮĹϵ˴ˡ
ǰȥɣʲô˵
ŵϽҵ˵
ǰϵǽȥ˵ɣ


1307 ţݵķڣٴ
ˮͷŵȥǰľѸٵĻ󷨵ı䶯ʡȥųɾŵ·;ܿ͵һʯС
ʯܴҲ࣬ʯеĶ󲿷ֶǹʯͷĥɣܶĶǿʯһĴڣḻǰܱȵģܶǰֻ˵ĶȴǱúͨ
ϵ
統ʱ֪ˮ̨һԲʲô飬ɽеӵɽҸŻǺףοҲ֪ˮ츳ȱҪ
ֻ֪ˮǿ󣬵ǿʲô̶Ҳ֪ͨе𺳾ֲ֪ܿ
֪ɽǿ󣬵Ҳû뵽ܺѧԿԳԽֻܶ࣬һţһе۷ڡ
֮ǰ׳ǣ͵ѧϸʵ£˳ֵܾһۣ֮ǰ̫æˣһֱûйϡ
ˮЦ˵
ʲô飬ܰﵽ𣿡
ҲǾȣΪʵ벻ܰﵽˮʲôæ
ԶŴʹ˺ܶ˰ɣ֪ݵķںͱƼǲţݣԼ̫ʱ䣬Ծϸ￴
ڣƼңʨǸƼң
翴ˮ˵
ԣ
ڴֻһһڴʢУȻֻһڴλܸߣҲء
ˮû뵽ô͵õ˷ڵϢܿģλˣʱȥ￴˵ķܼȻֻһСطķˮҲУȻб۸Ҳ˵塭
ƼţһĻϣһмǣλţݵ棬ʹܽǰŰɡ
ֻص˵˵Ȼ˵ò࣬ѾǷǳˣƺ͵صˣҾرˡ
˰ںϯֻǿ˼䣬뿪ˣֻʣˮ硣
ϸ磬ûţ
ˮһЦ
翴˿ˮҡҡͷʵϣҵʵԽš
أ
ˮЦ˵
ˮĻ۾һЩŵĿˮϵܰʵ
ţԣֻҪʵӦò⡣
ˮ֪ŵԻر硣
Ա㣬ˮ̱Ԫ֮ȪʲôĶֱӽʵ˺ܶ࣬ѾǹʦˣʵǻӺܿ죬ӦúܴܿﵽǸΡ

ˮŴҲһʱ䣬µҲҪ뿪һֱ͵ɽ£ˮİǳ׵ĸıһ
ؾǰЩһͨһŬҲ첻ǮȨֻһ仰飬󲿷һҲͻƲ죬Щ˵õһ崫оϣҩȱǿľͻƵ죬Щͨȣǲ˵ﶼûоԵĹƽеһ˱һʮӶܶĶ
ˮڿƺܼ򵥵롢ŵҩЩǼֵǣǿ飬ôҲǾ޴ޱȡ
ˮȥܽѾˣ뵽ֻˡ
ŻķУ̫Ѿɽˣֻɫûȫ

ммʵ˵ˮǺģΪû뵽Ƽţݻôá
ֻˮ֪ΪʲôıƼûΪݵıƼʲôݵʱͨͱƼҽӴ˵Ƽݺǿġ
ڶˮɾֱʹþŴȥʹţȻˮڶôȥڵ˼ǴñƼҵ飬ʱԶŴʹĻƼ˹ȥĻмܲס
ԽԽе㲻ҺʵѾ山ƼңúôҪʱնݳϣҷκһ⡣

ˮһ治ʲôˮָǿߵľѹƣһ˵ǾȻ
ݷţݸˣȻţֻһݣݼҲСʲôҲرķḻĺôлᰤͰȶġ
½ģ󲿷ֵطܵ޵вԴ½ɷ磬ֻܸõȥ
ͨ˸ʵǿҡϽһЩȡһĻ޲һͨܶԸġ

Ȼ˵ڴλܸߣҲǵԿģоλ߲ߣ֪ˣûз̵Ĵڣ˵ʲôǿջֱȥ˴Ķǡ
ǣ
ˮڶǿһưԺʱ򣬻һЩźݷһεɮʱ֪ڴĲ
£
ĶռغܴԺ濴ţʢܶԺջһЩƽսϿնһ֮
ͻȻˮܵǿϢϢһӵеġ
֮
ˮǿвɢȥǵ˵ڴλܸߣʢУȻ˵֮ǺˮҲرס
֮һҪģôʢ˵ͻӿ죬ͻƾס
ٳɶˮվڿпŴµı棬£ɮǴ¸
ˮվڿУûж֮ŽɫĵϺдѸٵķϺĸߴ󣬴üĿһ߳ѩ׺롣
ǿˮʱԺ𾪣Ϊˮ̫ˣΪ׵һǰƣʩСɮˣ
ʵϣΣ׼Ͼܶ˾ͨפ֮
ʦˡ
ˮ΢ЦŻ񣬿λɮˣˮɻˣΪԷʵޣֻǧʵʵսѾǧ¡
ˮȣɮȣΪˮǵĸоһԽĸɽ
ʩôƺСɮӲʩ
ʦÿˮˡ
ˮоɮķźܰ
ʩǲʲôСɮ
ǳӲףͨǰɸɮ֪ǿʲôҲǣΨһĺô˭ǰǳƺʩԷǽǴʦ
Ǵģ֪ʦǲǵݵķڡ
ˮЦ˵
ǵãǵãֻѾܳʱûٹˡ
ɮƺеϧ˵
ݷڵ˵ķڹĲã˵Ҫչ£Ҷˡ
ʩҪչˡ
ɮ˺˵һ䡣
ŶʦǲǷʲô£
ˮû뵽ɮ˻ֱ˵
ǵõһʯҲ֪ôͱʨ֪ˣԷȻֱҽʯ
ɮҲǵ˲֪εĵزԺԥ˵˳

ˮû뵽Ȼô˴ɺϣǱƼҺͷڹȥأ


1308 ʥʥʯƼ
ǱƼҽݵʨ뱱Ƽһҡ
ɮ˽͵
Ƽ֪֪ݵıƼѾʧˡ
֪֪ʩġ
ˮеΪʲôɮԼֺԥİѷʯ˵˳ֻʯʲô
ʯƺͷйϵʲôô
ˮܲ⣬֪ʯһǺöȻʨƷڡ
ʯһĶúܴ󣬽ݷʯˮ졢ҩʯԣʹݹʯˮ˵԰԰ŹСɮֻ֪ȷʯݹˮΪ߾磬Źٶȼӿ죬ʱ̫
Ӳʦû˿˵
ֲôʨǺö
ˮĶֶǱˣ˲ʶһ¸о̫ϧˮо˵Ϊޣսʵô࣬ӦǺͽݷʯˮйϵ
ʩʯһԣʩһ飬ϣʩܰǶȹһѹء
Ӳˮɫ˵ɫϡ
ôãʯһԣӲá
ˮҲ˵
ԹˣֻһֻһģҺⶫ⣬ʨҪһĻõȼ۵ĶҹҲӦ̫̰ˣҪӲǸҵ͵ˣܼʩ⣬ҷڵľǡ
Ӳæ˵
֪ˮǿˮһҪܼᶨǽʯһֻֻһ˵
飬ˮȻҪϾӦ棬οһԵǱƼҾ͸ҪˣһһʯΪر
Ӳ˵ϣˮҲͲƴǣƴǾԵòһŷӲֱӻصԺ
Ӳвûַ֣ɼҲúһʦ棬ˮڱԺĿͷţ˷Ӳ˴Ǳһȥ
ˮоɺϣЦʵʦҲҲҪʹʨԿ𣿡
ԸȡΪɻٻҲԸǵõ
ˮû뵽ӲƢܸҲǣһŴʦֻҪеƢͲЭοӲоǶмҲһս֮
ʦ˵˵ƼҵĴɣ
ƼĴʱǱȽ϶̵ģʱ䶼̣ڴѾм˵ʵļƼҵ˶˵ǵõ˾޴󱦲زŻᷢչô죬̶̵ļʱ䣬ƼԭҸΪһһ۷ϵķչ̲Ϊڵм
Ӳ˵˵
ƼҺϲȡ𣿡
ˮʵ֪Ƽҵ磬ǲرС˵ȡ
Ļ治٣Ǻţƺʲôһǲڵʲô飬ΧеһЩɺܹ֣ǿӲ
ǿӲ
ˮȵ˵
ţƼҵ٣ӣп˴СѹȢ˴Сֻһ̣ǳ裬мǴٳҲҪǴǿӲ

û뵽ƼݵϰԻŴıƼң˵洫ǰ˵žͽһϰһɫӣһĳ̶ȣĶǺܴ󣬵ҲС
ʩʯеһ
ӲվӹˮǰľϣȥĽ
˲䣬һƬ׵Ĺγˮǰ
һ̨״İɫʯͷСһߣ沨޵ˮֱͨȥΪоⶫһ
ʥʥʯ
ֻˮˣʥˮ޺;ɽʥԼ϶ʥҲʥͼʥҲޱȣκͷƤ
磺ޣþÿɳܴĴơ
Ч΢СԽˮУʱԽˮеԽǿҲɢȥһֻһˮʥʯùˮеôáࡢֳ


ǿıˮ˵ͨʵ̫ˣϳ̫ĶӲΪ޷֪ⶫôúãȻڵʵǿ
̸ʱ֪ʵʯѾܳʱˣżȻַڱĶ֪ܶⶫˮȴ֪ôͱʨ֪ˡ
ⶫĸҡ
ˮЦ˵
ȻҲϣѣʩȻݷн飬ǾǺҲԵ˺עԵ֡
Ӳ˵ͣˮкøС
ãҾȴ֮ˡ
ˮʥʯû˵ʥʲôģС֮˵
˵һЩӲˮϢһ£˵ƼҺʨͻǰȡʥʯ
ɫ磬ֱóʥʯдŴʮξͲܴ㾳ÿֻܳʮδ
ıֻԼдֲ˭ԴܴĴ޵ģԲͨٵľ硣
Ȼһ⣬ǴҪ޴һ޷㣬ʱ˶ð¡ˮ֪һЩɴͱҪܶ˼ġ
עʥʯ֮ϣɫĹθҲǱ֮ǰǿһЩʥʯһ޵׶һˮ
һеľ֮ĻǺܴģˮʵǿеĿԴҪͬʵ˶˺ܶ౶Բõģ˵Ҳпٻָĵҩָͼȣһ֪ƣ
ɾˮرСһ㣬ڰѴʥʯŽȥҲûãרŪһһ׼СһĶλ֮ȪһߣֻײȻѴʥʯŽȥ
ۼĿСеˮڷһ˿˿СŵݣˮմʥʯϵʥʯϵһȻˮʹõԼ˴ʥʯͻת
ڶˮĺ磬ûгԹ緹ͺͷӲ˵һЩеء
ˮʹһЩڴҵҲҪڣһжǷ˵㡣
͹ԶһȺܼĺڵ㣬뻹ԶˮͨٶȺжЩݵʵѾȷǱƼҺʨ
ϰˣ˷Ӳ֮⣬߱ͬʵиһƺӲҪǿһˣӲʵսѾƽжʵļгǵҲǺֻܶ࣬ʤǡ
Ҳˮ뵽帮ԼɽǸŮ˶˵Щֻʵеʿкֶܶοɱǿʮĵˡ


1309 ˮɱ⣬ս
ԷٶȺܿ죬Ƭ̱ǿԿˣǵأֻ޴ݣһɫɫʨӥɫʨӥǾ޴ĽɫӥɫӥԴǽɫʨͷɫʨͷ
ˮҲ֪ɫʨӥǱƼҵɫƼҲǿѱʦ壬ɫʨӥȻʨҵ
ͻȻоⱱƼҺʨĻǲʲôѪԵϵأˮҲǺܺΪʲôֵ뷨
ƼʨʨлҲűƼҵѪ
Ӳʱ˵
ˮ֪ǿԼʲôǸˡ
ֻ£޴һ㣬Ǿ޴ѹΪ׵ֻݣֻɫʨӥֻɫʨӥС˽һ롣
ˮоЩ˴ź˼ɫʨӥ˴Žɫʨۣɫʨӥߴɫʨۡ
쵽ˣ֪ҪĶʦ׼𣿡
һֻɫʨӥ΢Ц˵
ͦΣȻ뷢԰ףȴ˸оû˿̬ӵĸоҲӤһĺ׷ͯգ棬ͷһָࡣ
Ψһ˸оŤ˵̫֮һЦҲǴһɱ⡣
һôˣĪҪ𣿡
ӲΪ׵ƽ˵ƽͣģʹǿĵ治ɫ
ˮԷһˮŷԼеСţݣΪƼҵ˺ʨʵȻﵽǧʵʵսǸǿԳһ
ʵȻʨǿԼţļʵѧҲŰǧϵʵ
ʵƼҴﵽʵѾѲݵıƼҵһˣֵܴȥҲΪİ·ҴҲһôٴûйϵһˣûʵֵҲûн
ҴôôǽǴӦ겻Դ֣´˵ǶһǵģûǵĶȡʱ䣬˰ɣ
ɫƽĿŷӲ
˵ҾǻٵҲõ֡
Ӳ˵һ䡣
һȺԽѵ㲻Ϊ˴İѵĿǰǵʱ򶼻Ϊôȥ档
΢ЦſŷӲһЦ絶档
˵ɱǲܽ⣬ηɱҲҪʱԻȥ¾ˣҪԸ
ӲʱɱѾﵽһ塣
ϧûǸʵұһԱƼҼӱ֤ʯ̳أ֤ڲܳҴұ֤
һЦ
վҲҪ
Ӳɫ䡣
ȻҾͳȫ㣬ŴһвģҾɱ˵
һ˵Ҫ֡
ţ˶ˣʲôһٶҲЩ´˵˵Ҳ
ˮʱվ
ˣﲻ˵ĵطʲô죬˵һ㡣
һһɫʨ˵
ˮ˵ˣֿ񡢱뺷ȻҲ뷢԰ףϵƤƤһһ˫޴ĻۣһͷŨһͷһֻ͵ʨ
˵ŲͱƼһʧ
ˮЦ˵
˴һɾҪ˵ߵȴֹסʱһҲǿˮ˵˭ôԭ㣬ұƼҪأû뵽㵹ԼˣҾɱ㣬ȥˡ
ˮڿôƼҵ飬ںˣеףжɱˣɱ˲顣
Ϊ仰ĿĴۡ
ˮƽĿűһ
Ͳ󣬻ͦģȻˣǽͿ˭ȭͷӲɣ·ǲȥҲûа취˭һս
һ˵ſǰһ
ֳһ̰ɣ
һߵǰһ˵
һ˵һȥɣ֪ұƼһ˾ͿԸȫ
һֱվ˫м䣬ʱվڿУȻĿ⿴ºˮȻû˵Ѿˣ˭ս
ӲҪǰˮסʦûаգҪ򡣡
ûаգһսҲҪ򡣡
Ӳᶨ˵
ˮӲ̬Ⱦ֪ѾֹԷ̾˵ǴʦСģֻҪһҾκ㡣
Ȼ˵еˮҪ˵·Ӳ˱֮ģԼѣһ£֪ӲͶһͬھĻԥѡ
ˮЩˣΪеǷԲΪ˴СΪһִ塣
ӲͷһģһҪܲܳŹȥء
Ӳ΢Цˮƹˮæÿ
ʦģڻԽԽҪŲܿ
ˮĵġ
Ӳһ޴ȣɫģףֱۣӰһ͵м䣬뱱һֻʮס
ֻգ۵ʱ䡣
ְɣ˵۸㣬ѾѡԼֲñˡ
һںԸ˵ڷӲǰԸıǮ
ȻͲҪٸԼôõĽڣĪҲоԼԣпˡ
Ӳ˵ȻеһֵŻȥӰҲȻԾ𣬺űһȥ
һέɽշħ
ˮû뵽ӲʹõľȻǽշħһĹ庣ڡ
һ̵ǺǿģٶҲǲӲڵʵѾǽһзӵ˼¡
ž޴ľѹһϱ鲻䣬һӣһ޴Ԫӳһͷ޴ʨצɫȡ
ƣ
ԣ
һһʨצûͣŲǰٴһӣֻʨצŷӲȥ
֮дУһͳʨ·Ҫ˺ѿռһնһֻɫΧס

Ӳðһ⣬еȺǰǰһʨצѾˣһֻǰǿ
ʵ⣬սѾûκһξнֻ幦
ԣ
ӲеȣȴǿѪĵɳȥɮæסó˵ҩѸ÷Ӳ£ˮóѸڷӲظʮ롣
Ӳ˵ǽס˲ٵĹɻˣֻҪˮа취
ʦҺͱƼҲҪи˶ϣˣǾͳһЩɣ
ˮסӲ˵
ʩˡ
ˮӰһסѾ˴ߵıһڡ
ս㶯ְɣ˵۸㣬ȻûгֵĻᡣ
ˮһڶԷӲ˵Ļǻ˻ȥ


1310 ˭Ǵ߲Ź¾
ˮĻν˵ڱһпϢ̤֮ޣʵҲܲʵټ̫ˣˮĻһͷЦ
ȻôҾͳȫ㣬ûʵ֪
һ˵꣬һ̽һֻӲӵʨצٴγ֣ɢһǿҵĽ֮
һֱӽסˮȻĶ죬ʵֲܿ
ˮЦſԽԽľ޴ʨצһ̤
һ
ȻˮûҲʹãǱʶһֱӱֱӺ˱һֱϡ
꣡
һޱȣǹû

һ֮󣬵ɳȥıһڲŷĲҽУ֮ǰû뵽һѾǵأҲв˵Ҳˣֱʱű޴ʹû
ֱ۶Ѿѣһ㣬пļ
һֻ߳ɵʵ̫ˣˮȻûʹṳ̂ţϾŹʯһ˲ˮǿɱԷģˮûô
ֳһƬžһļž
һסһڣѸٵİιʳҩһڻ첲ˣΪһֻǷ˹Ǽ⾭ˣ׹ǵ鵤ҩ
Ϊʲôͻô֪ʵͷ˵Ĵ
ˮƽ˵
ǳĴ֮ǰһ˵ô࣬ˮһѾڵһ仰ǻ
һһӾ͸оϵѪҺ˵һչһڣȥɱС˵
磬аţҪһɱ
һڽסһ˵
һֹסŲ˿һڣȻʨˣԷҲǵͷϾǰˮһз˱һڣҲ
ˮȻҲ˶ԷĻҲ˶ԷɫЩˣѾԷ֣Ǻܴݺܵ
ӲԼЩµһڵĻһͻһЩɮɫѿ
ҽ󣬺ƴˣ
ӲŽվ
ʦ޷һԿžͿˣ˵һ˶ٶ˵һġ
ˮͷҲûлص˵
󣡡
ʨӥХ
ֹ˸кܶгԼѱޣһʱյһ࣬һ־޴ʨӥ״Χ

ˮһӻϿգˮгѰ
ͷҲˮߣϧĵľûԽʵ˺ܶࡣ
޺ͻʵںֲܿ
ˮгԼޣûн󣬶ԷˮЩʱܶˣѱʦɣȴǷԼûжӵеѱ޶ࡣ
ȻҪǾΪǿ꣬ˮǸĥˣֱ޷˹
̤
ʴ

棡

ˮ㣬ԷҲѸٽɣ󣬶ʨӥХ󣬲һһֻްԵĽɫʨӥһֻɫʨӥ
ϫӡ
ˮҲҴֱӻֽΧŪһƬ
ɽ
־ǳϫӡĿǰʹǿĹ
Ź
ˮҪȫλʵ󷨶ˮǾͨ󷨣һ͸ϼһ㣬м䶼ž޴Ŀ϶Щλ֮ʵνӣֻǿԹƣλóȻԱǻȻһԪ֮ش
շħ
֮
Ȼ󷨣ֱӽͶԷʵ֮ˮֻѰ˹ȥ
ˮҪƽеѶȣѰԾͼˣѰǿӹɵģϧԳ谭ġˮҪľǰѰУѰкֱײŲһͻԶ߽Է󷨡
ˮ˫һӣ
֮ӡ
һֻ޴Ĵӥ貵Ĺ󷨵ȥ
Ҳ󷨵һ㣬Ϊ٣ʵҲᱡܶ࣬ˮֱӹˮְ취ġ
ˮˮǸطԷԶܣ˫ᣬˮҲûдһЧ
ʨӡ

ͻȻ޴Ľɫɫʨӥֱˮʹʨӡ
ǿľ۳һֻ޴ʨˮ
Ź飡
ˮľǺǿģʨӡ˲䣬Ѹٶ㿪
ûǿľŹԶ㿪ĹǰˮԺ߳ɵľǲԸӲϾ̫˽⣬֮ǰֻʨӡӵֻвĳɡ
ʨӥն
ɫľ޴ʨӥ˲ĳˮ޴׵˫ˮɫ˫ſֲ
죬̫ˣ
ǰһ
ŹΪΣ
ԣ
޴˫ֱӽˮĳȥˮȴľŹһֱڽʵŹĲ֣ŹΪοˮھŹдھԵķһ˲䣬һ޷ϧʹõʱҪӣΪǽԼȥֻһ˲ľ
꣡
ˮӰһеĻתŷľ޴ɫʨӥȥ֮ǰɫʨӥȥɫʨӥ˲˹ͬʽ׵޴˫Ķ
ˮ˻ֱӰһɫʨӥȥ
һ
ˮ̤һ̤һ
ϣ
Ĳ
ˮ㿪
岽

ˮ˫չĽɫʨӥһֱӴڸǺǿ󣬻һɫľһס˽ɫʨӥϧֻһʱʧȥãΪˮȡһ

һֻ󷨹δʢʨӥˮлҲҲܵΧһһ췭ظı仯Ƿᡣ
壡
ˮóȻһҡΣһƬɫĹֻ޴ޱʨӥеЩС
һֻֻ޴ʨӥڲһƬžֻ֮ʨӥĴСֱС˽֮һ
ˮ֪ǽ޾ܻ߱ɵһķӦֻҪܵв˲ͻᱻеĽɱɱķ顣
߲
ˮȻ̤µ߲
߲Ź
ˮһһһĸоһɽѹһžͷ·ֻ̤ʨӥһ
أ
ɫʨӥֱըˣɫʨӥʱˮôȫðַѰ˳ȥֱѾܽĽɫʨӥϴȥ
ۣ
ѰֱӽɫʨӥڲȻֱд󣬺ܿ洫žѰеں֮Ԫ
أ
ʮʱҲըˣˮʱ޵Ĵڣ̤ŹֱӽһƬʼɱ¾
񡢽վޡͷ붼սЩ˴󲿷ʵΪ׵ʮҲֻбˮɱķݡ


1311 ̤ϴƹɽԱƻԱ
ɱ¾ˮһҲЩЩ˻Ҫնݳģնݲ紵޳ģνˣˮǾԲġ
һ¾ˮʵת۷壬ƼҺʨЩû󷨵ıӱˮֱɱ˸ֲʨǿң׻ƣˮֱӱͷ
ڻյļӳǿ
ڤȻﲻɱҲ࣬һֻֻޱ䣬Ҳǳܲסһ
ʹ׻ʱһͷֱӽʮֻ޺ͱƼҵ߿סЩߵʵǺǿϾǿҲʮѾˮɱĲˡ
һڻţڵѪһһҲĿżľӢһĵ£絶ʡ
ƼҵѣͻȻֵıƼ֮֡
ˣûдȫɱǣԼҲûɱƼҵļˡ
ûɱҲˣɱ˱Ƽҵߣʣ¸СǱ۸㲻ҪˣҪɱɱ
һЦ˵
ʵݵıƼҸУ⣬֪Ľǻ粻֪ݱƼҵ顣
ˮĬˣһ˵ģȻûɱ֣ȴΪ
Ƽһˣ֪ΪʲôƼҿԷչôΪݺţ֮⻹бƼڱݣţݱƼҲܶԸġ
һ˵꣬ЦţԽԽСʧ
ˮԡѪһ㣬ʱһɱʨ뱱Ƽ󣬶ţʵҲǶ⣬ڱһ˵ҲбƼҵĴڣˮҡҡͷʮˣҲֻǿ֮ĩ
ܿ찲ʱУΧʲôҲû޺ʬȥѵСɽһ㣬ٸʬֻ޴޵ʬֱӰĴ·סˡ
ˮͷӲʱµɮ˿ˮĿⶼˣʲôʵӲֻ֧Ųϵĵȴǲ౻ɱҲӵʱ䣬ٸǿ߾ûˡ
˵ǴǿֻҪǿͻôޱȡ
ʦȥɣ
ˮǷֻó˵
ȥ󣬴µѾʼЩʬ壬ˮϴ裬·ǰɱ¾Ǹ˲ٵһβʵս
·ӲһˣȻûȬҲϣֻҪúþʮ¾ͿȬǶˮǾȺ棬ΪҽԵǿ
ʦ֪֪Ƽݻ𣿡
ˮʵ
û˵Ҳ֪ǳԸʩѹС
ӲҲ˱һ˵Ļ
ˮҲ뷨ģҲˣΣֲǶǳǿߣƽ࣬ĿǰҪǴʨ
ʦǴƼһжǿߣ
ˮ׼
ЩӦһǿߣлǿߣˣӦûĸ֣ЩǿĻҪǿ󡣡
Ӳˮ˵
ʦô´ʨоô¿Эʱ÷ҲˮǴߣ˵Σ
ˮ˵
Ӳˮе㼤ȴ̾Ҳ룬евв¡
ô֪ء
ˮЦ˵
ˮĻӲҲǳڴͷ֪ˮ˵ͻаĻ׶ˡ
ˮڴٴһ죬׼ǰʨһǿȻ󿴿ôº˻ûеѾʼˡ
ɱˮܶˣһɱ껹ǸоеƣЩ˶ţݵĶڣһô࣬⻹û꣬ҪɱЩ鿪ʼ˾Ͳͣ飬Ѿǲˡ
һҹˮΪƼҺʨĻ˻ȴûг֣ˮҲܣǶһʵôܵģ˵ˮҪ׷ҲǺѣڡɽѧԼѧô
ˮһ뵽ԼҪҪɣǰй뷨һֱûʵһθоֻǸһЩ鱨
ڶˮǱŴķȥţݵıƼʲôҪƽʵսѾ൱ĿֲǱƼһǿҲĻɱ

ţϵ࣬ٱϲǺܶ࣬ĵȼһֱģ˵һҲ˵Ҳ˵˵ѷɫļ
ʵսЩѾﵽļʵˮţݵʱֻļʵǺܶǰʵмļʵͲ֪û弶ʵҲ֪
ԵˮҲ֪ţݵʵѾǱô򵥣ˮʱҲ߹ţݵıɽһǣܽţȫһ飬ȫһҲȫֶʲôʵ
һһ·ÿ˶һ··н·ģҲ޵ģķ羰Ҳеһ㣬ͬεŲͬƽߣûнҲͲ֪ʲôΡ
ƼǴĻңԺܺңˮûȥʹûʵĻʹֻһǻҵıƼھʹһɽϡ
ƹɽ
ɽĺףڴ½׵ɽ಻ʤ洦ɼǰߵһɽҲŰǧףһɽϵ߷塣
ŻˮֱɽȥûеɽͳʮֻޣǽɫʨӥʱˮҲһЩɽ
ɽɾһ̵ׯԺ¥ɽܹɵĺƽֲǿһܴȪ
γĴʮֻɫʨӥһʱʨ죬ܿͽˮΧм䡣
ˮЩˣ䶼ǻ֮⣬ʵ󣬾ֵĴڣˮһȦĿⶨһϵһϡ
ΪԷϵƺʶǿǶԷѾţһŵ֮һָӦĻһ㶼ܸо֮Ĳ̫󣬻ԭ
ˮбһ貵ĹΣĶˮ
Ƽ
˳ˮԶ˵
Ҳûа취ƼҲߵĹأûдƼʵ޷ͣ½Ų
ˮ˻˵˵ʵֲܿȻɽǸŮˣҲʲôˡ
Ҳ˵˭˭ʵһУʵ´ҲǶԵġ
˵ܸ㣬һɱϵơ
ˮЦҪҡҡͷʤΪΪܣħͷУֻܲһʱǲɱҲԼС
ԱơԱһ䣬ܶ࣬ÿ˵ǲһģкȻҲħ죬֮ҲħģֻҪסԼıĲʧаν
Ҳʳٻ˶飬Լĵߺۣ˵Աơ
ˮ΢Цſˡ


1312 ǿȴңݣ
ˮ˵Ļоǲֶεˣû뵽ںԱƻԱ⡣
ʵˮо֮ǰ˵Աƣƶһ䣬ѧףܲЩջ˸ܺãȻҲӦıӦ
оǱ·Ȼһ·ֻӲͷƤߵ׵·
ˮĻҲôһ˲ĳĬʵ˻ſ֣ôá
ҲиǰᣬǲҪ˺ˣǲȡġ
ˮ΢Цż˵
籾棬ûʵһʵ粻ܰĳ˵ԸС
˿ˮû
ˮҲĬˣ˵еھһĵģǷϷչģһЩǵĵûаûлĺá
ûɥĲħͷҲûĴڣûжҲͲ֪ʲôǺˣһӵĶԪǻҲΪɫʡ
ðɣǻǲݣҲɱ㱱ƼҵĸСֻҪûʲôҶΪѡ
ˮ˵
ˣ㲻ΪǣǻǲȥˣɱɱѾνΪǻǻᱻ˺
˿ˮֵͷȴǲ
ˮ֪˵ңһҴ壬ֻҪʵȻ䶼ƣķչ·һսմѪ·ֻвϵķչܱⱻ˳ԽͻΪ˵ĽʯΪǰ·ϵѪ
ѭҲʾûа취޷ͣߵҪ뵽һ졣
ˮ
ܣ
ͻȻ˵
ˮĿˡ
ױȣûܵסǰƼ뱨㶼ûпܣôѹôѹϣһ·
˴˵
Ҳðգ
ǽһսսʣµĶûʵģвģɱˣϣƼһ㴫УͨҲ㡣
̾
ݲǻбƼҵӦҲаɡ
ˮ֪ݵıƼ˻ûҴߡ
ݣǿһЩϧǻûʲôϵţݺݵıƼʵֻǷּңûκӰ죬Ҳǣ֪бƼûж֪
ˮû뵽ȴùģͬʱҲ֪˻һˣϻûģҵ˵㻰ģСҲɱǣȴǱɱġ
˻Ǵ⣬ʾԶԷ񾭣öԷ⣬ҲзĻᣬϧһӱ˷ˡ
˼ңǵһλһϡ
ˮ΢Ц˵һ仰˵Ӱܴ󣬵϶ʤСȺŹ˵Ϸֻһ仰ռԵϷ硣
ҲĶ֣ҲûбҪˣսҲ˵ƽƽˣʵǿ㲻ǿǾֺɣ
治ɫñȿʵڸԼҰοֻܲܰοԼֻԼ֪ˡ
ˮЦû˵ʲôʲôǿ˴Լһʮ˴ԼһԼȴǿˣʱҲͲ˵ˣȻҪȺŹԼҲƵȺŹ
󣡡
˴һ
᲻ģ
ˮȻӰһĻѸһޡ
ž
Ȼֶˣ
һ߸յǸλֱӱ鱬ˡ
ˮ󷨵ѱЩǿܶ࣬һ۾֪󷨵ۣߵߴ磬ֱ
˿ˮһ֣Ƕ̲סһ鴤
ɽ
ˮһɽֱӺǧʵ֮󲿷ֱӱɱ˱ҪֹģʱǱ𺳵һ㶣ʱˮһѽ𽣣
Ľ𽣣
ϬĹˮڿֲľһæ㿪һƼûж㿪ֱӱһҡ
֮
ˮгֻޣΧЩսϾɽ
û뵽ˮоɽǿ󹥻Ժǿһ壬޴󣬸սֶ룬һʧȥȻֻܱ޷ıơ
˻ûжˮһֱ֮ɵʵʱˮȴǺʶһ¡
׻
Ѫ٣
׻
أ
޴ѪֱӲסˣ˰ǺǿģȻϧ˵ʵǿһҲÿѡ
ʱˮΧѾȫûվ̤ˮޱٶǿټмʯǿ¡
Ĺǿ޺ͷĿƺҲܺԷ
ɱңſңǹƽһս
ҲǶŻˮ˵ѪԼǱƼǿģȴҵģֶû
ˮ΢Цҡҡͷˣɱ練ơ
˵ˮгѰɫС޴һɫĹ˳ȥǰǾ޴ѪǰģԼƻ˵ȴǱﴩ׵Ĵ
Ҳһ˲뷨žǱ޴ĺڰûˮӹѰĿռ΢Цȫսɾ
ɽϵһЩʬ壬ˮŻ뿪ˣӦв֪ƼҵľڱƼڲʨĻҲᱻЩȸˣܿͻʧ
ıƼҶɽ˵ɽôġ
һ
ʨҲʧˣƽڰæԷڵʵȻеǿ󣬺οµʵǲģ˰æչһ£С֮˵
СһҪƿطڵģ츳㹻ˣԼҪ׼Щ֮Ҫȫѡ
ˮȻһ£ȻƼҺʨĻѾûˣǿ壬ǿǶźܽģٽʱҲʲôǿѵбƼǿ
Դֺ˳ми岻֪ߵغˮһ˵ǰԾԵʵǸ帲𣬼Ȯ
ˮ֪ʱ֮㲻ֻʾоչʵñƼҸӾٲά裬Ϊˮû©֮㣬÷ֱƼһһЩйڵٶԱƼҵ˲顣
ˮܶ˶֪ˮŴû˸ΣͬʱܶҲˣΪǿǿȻҲˮǴߣԺһЩ
ˮҲҪЧ⼸ʱˮĵһ磬ˮܿõλõʱˡ
Ϊǰµˣܺܳʱ䲻ţλãλӦûݣû뵽λǷݣ
ݡ


1313 Ů˵ջ׼ȥɽ
ʱǸλõʱˮ˺ܾúܾãˮλõ֮һģˮڵ졣
죨򣩾ÿþѪΣǰԽеͼص㣬žõĵصӣʹ߿Щλôһ¿ÿλôһΡ
״̬
Ժ죨ޣ֮໥͵˴ߣκƣֻӵˣ
ϲʵ̫ˣݣˮ˺ܶûݵһݣоĿܻݣţݡ
ʱˮվĿռУ˷ܵʱһĴ˺ܾúܾã󿴵Ѿȶǽһ֮ǡ
Ȼˮֱʹķ޴͹ܡ
ܿģǸŮ˷һһȼֱӴ˹ȥһŮûϴ裬Ůȴڴϣһѩ׵˯¡
ˮֱӳڴϣ
ŮƺûκξȵĿˮһ촫͵ʱ򶼻ǰһʱе㲨ǰ֪֪ˮ
ˮεЦЦ
Ůȴߣ˵˵ˡ
ˮߣһ˯ееСˮ˲棬ое㼷۰һһĵ㴫ӣˮʶӣƺܡ
Ů˶ˮıܵ΢Ц˵ôͻȻˣҿ֪ںʹɱء
ѾˣϢͨ
ˮЦ˵Ů֪һҲ֡
Ҫһ鱨ҪʱѧҲУýӹˡ
Ů΢Ц˵
ҲôҪԺҪĻһԼǸ顣
ˮЦ˵
Ů΢ɲһ£ˮҲֲǲʶһ£껹ǵһиҪ顣
Ŷʲô飿
ŮƺҲǺܺ档
һ磬¿ﶨλˡ
ˮЦ˵

Ů˺ʵ
һ£
ˮЦ˵
ݣ
Ůʵ

ˮеŮܲ³һҲ֣ԼɫԼΪԼ̫ˣи㣬ԼôģţӦҲôģϾŮ˴ڣƵĴͣԾʣһ𰸣ݡ
ݣ
Ů͵ȵ˵ҲǷˮϣ˯ˮһԳ
ţ
ˮְס
Ǹݣ
ŮƺоԼţƺ뵽ʲôûǰķӯѹˮϸˡ
Ů˵رķ飬ǰĹģˮģԲѩģ۵Ի۶Ǿϴˮȫˡ
ݣ
ˮһڿˮ

ˮĿˮˮĿ⣬Ȼ˵𡭡
롭
˵ˮƺѹһֻεЦЦ̧ͷŮѾʥգķޱȣһ㡣
ǸҶã档
ˮεЦ
ҪԳԡ
Ů˫ƽеѹˮǰķӯȫѹˮǰѩⶼ쵽ˮ°ˣһζϵꡣ
ʦ壬ҴˣҲÿ㡣
ˮһһãܡ
ϲ㿴Ժ뿴ؾʹ󵨿ıŤĻͰҰ·ˡ
Ů˳˵ջ
˲¹ͷˮǲĻŮ˵ڻ翵ĸоôĲʵʣ·һ㡣
ʲô㣬ȥݿأһȥ
ŮҲûٶˮǺͷ֣˵ϢֱˮĿڱ£ѩ˵ħֻһ粻
һ֪ȿɣҲȥݿ
ˮҲȷ˵
ţ׼ʲô
ȥѪһ忴дںҲûжˡ
ˮʹõģǲưոݵģֻǲ֪ڵڳɳʲô̶ˡ
ţȥ˵ĻǵȥҲȥ￴
ŮЦ˵ıǼʵһֱˮıǼһʱŮ˻伸£˵ıӶǺͦǽഥ
ţõģȥĻھͿȥϲĻϻ
ˮ˵
ŮҡͷĽëƺҪˮٳ쵫־ޱȣѩ׼֬һ㣬ûһ˿ơ
ãʲôʱȥˣȥҲرȥ
ʦ壬ٲҿɾ̲סˡ
ˮƵ˵޸Ǽ尾ĥ
ǺǣҵҪô̲ס
ŮЦ̧ͷˮϳѪ
ȥϴˮ裡
ˮ촽Ȼ˵һŮһЦǽߵչյһǿӡˮԺˮһ󵨵Ķ
һ̽ͷסŮ̴ڣͷֱ̽ɨŮ˵еǿǻҲ΢쳣ۡ
Ůƺû뵽ٶٴˮ飬ûзҲûֹȻӦˮֻǶ׾ˮٴȷе뷨
Ǹô󵨻еåȻǶᣬӴ̼ˮһͻȻ¹סŮˣòŻķֿ
Ů˺ƽ΢Цſˮ촽׵ĸоҲԺʱ˵С
ˮͷ֪Ů˵ľϧ岻ܵˮֻ֮ףֻˮ֪ΪʲôԼףղű׾ĶӦǵһΣװģ˵ˮҲмҡ
ʦɫʲôҲΪʲôҵء
ˮһֱ⡣
ϲ۵ģСһ⡣
Ů˳Ȼռŵ
ӦòҪģ˵Ҳ̫ϣҲͰ˰ꡣ
ˮǺЦš
СӣҾͱ̴ѣðɣüã֪Ϊʲô
Ů˿ˮգգ
ˮʹĵͷ
Ҫ˵ΪʲôҲֱ֪ɣŮ˵ֱܿµģʵںҲⱲעһˣҲҸ֪ѣÿԵǸŮһˣֲ뺦һɷһܲԸ
Ů˿ˮЦţЦеࡣ
˶а飬вȱٵģҪŮʱ˲й֮޲ЩҩﻹãŮȴǲ̲סҪۣŮ˭ҽӴò˫̲סҪۡ
Һ̵ʱͻȻ֣ŵ
ˮ΢Ц˵
Ů뵽죬ɫȻ糺һƬ̽ͷˮ˵һ仰ˮֱӱ
ҵʲܺˮ֮һ쳢ζ


ʮľ ݡݡݡ


1314 ţˮ׼ȥ
һ仰ɱǺܴģŮѾʲôˣҪ֣ҲҪʲôӣһ֪һ֪
ˮоԼĺºܶ࣬ǰŮһ翣оģǱʶҲоǼٵģ˿ѷɫ
ڿɲԳء
ˮŵŮ˶˵
룬Ҫ㣬ҲҪٿһ¡
Ůˮ˵Ϣˮץ
ʲôôأ
ˮҲˡҲŮ˵Ů˻˵ϣҲװʲôߣο죬˵Ե֡
Ȼ˾뷨跨Ե֣ŮΪԭ׼ԼǸŵŮˣ׼ԼŻᷢϵ
ĺô˳ңȫ㲻
Ů˿ĵЦţ˵껹ˮһ£Ǻгġ

ˮûиԼʣϾڶŮ˵⻹Ǻ٣ֶ֪ǱʶоŮģûҪƭԼʲôȻĸоһ׼
ڶˮ뿪Ϻ¥̨̺诲ûгأҲûлѧֱŴɽȥ
ɽţ沿λһ޴ɽеȺɽɭ֡ԼɳĮʲôʤҲкܶңҲкܶĳǳء
еһʵΧɣǴɽٽţݱһɣŽţʵͳһһǿɣԸ
һ˼ˮо־ӦҲ̤ݣͳһţȥݲһŵĻƻҪܶķչ
ĳǣɽһ޹ĲƴĳҲָ˸࣬½ȱˣÿе˶ɽ˺
ˮһνɽһνҪǿһô˳Ӵ´ڡ
һƬߣˮɽ󿴵ģһߵĻɽڿпģ治ʱĿԿһЩ޳֡
ǴɽΧһ㲻̣Ҳ̫ǿޣϾԶһ㣬ǻɽֲرϡ衣
У
ˮֱʹ˾С
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һɽǣһĳǣ
֮ǰһƬ޼ʵĻɽȣɳĮһĿɽֲïһ׳ĳǳûʲô𣬶Ļƺãܶط
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ˮĴ£˲٣߶࣬ˮһ·ʶܣûзǰһߡ
ˣ֪ħܱڸɱˡ
ʲô֣ʵѾԼԽ˴ڡ
ˮûжþ˲Զ˵Ŵڵ飬ˮ֪ĳӦǴλá
ˮǵһڣӦڱǰǳԽڵĴڣˮҲ֪Ұʵġ
󲿷ֻ࣬Ҳֻ࣬Ǵڸ߲ѪһѪͳ˵ڱѪһ֧š
֪˵ڵǶŰţպͳһţҲͲˡ
ˮû뵽ڵǶŻرĳģΪΧܶ඼۹ڴںʹǶŵĻ⡣
ţˮû˵Ǹʲô֯Ǹ˵ʵλ֣Сܳէźǿ𣿡
ܶ˶ǿˮر˸ǲмĿˮһۣˮ̬Ⱥܺã˺ȿڲŻ˵ŵȻǿˣž˵龳ߣ˵ǿ𣿡
ţݺû龳߰ɣ
ɵ˰ɣ˭˵ţˡ
˿ˮԽһƺرΰ
֪Ǹ𣿡
ˮ˵ģûʲôоǸоЦĺƽǱҲûκθоЩϡ
ݣ
ˮ˼һоɺϣԼӦҲҪȥˣͳһţݵϣһϣȥ˷ݣʱҲţʲôˡ
û뵽һ֪һЩҪϢŵ֪Щ˵Ҳȫ£˷ҪǳͳǶš
Ѿɱ˴һӣеӣһЩˣȫۢ뼮ɬ֪ǲѾص˴ڣһֱûж֣Ӧǲᶯ˰ɣܳһʱ䲻ᶯˡ
ѧҲѸٷչһڡɽԼŵȣʱҲǻ£ʱЩʵһţݾԶӦԼܶסǶš
ܶסˮоǿԵģҲǰˣָоǿҡ
ûȥʲôڵĻֻҪڲҲΪڱѪһ壬ѪһţҲһɲСοǶڵţ֪Ŷӵʲô̶ȣһرӣĴڣ黹治Լܳܵ
ˮоǲмڲ飬Сһûлڽһʱڷݺݴ
Ӧ˶Ůһ»ȥ;οڻǺܷġ
ֻһʱֱʹ˴ͣˮоˮоһδ͹ȥŮʯţһ˫ںˮУƺʲô
ˮһɻ󣺡ôôˣʲôΣ˰ɣ
ûУҾǰݡ
ˮɴ˵
Ϊʲô
Ůһ𣬺΢
ڵǶž˵ȥ˷ݰţ֪𣿡
ˮʵЩȣˮоŮ˵ĺãֻǲ֪Ů֪֪š


1315 ҹ˹裬ҹ˿ʲô
ţ
Ů˿ˮһ˵ǷݵһɣҪѱޣڷһǿĴڣλҲܸߡ
ŮҲǼ򵥵˵һ£ˮһǿ϶ĺǿ󣬶ӵ֮ĵǶһõķչ
ԼʹڵĹǽˣԴرԸһǻԼģģǶԸԼߵˡ
ˮҲŮѵЬཫ˫ŽˮУˮ΢Ǻ
Ůѩ׵ˮĽţˮеŮɵЦоҲˮȥһˣʱĴŮ˿ĵЦˮýŲ䵽Ľġ
ʲô֣
ˮȻ̧ͷŮʵ
֪ҵˡ
ŮƺûгԾ
ϵˣֿԼٵģ˵ֻһţڲһˣְ֪ɡ
ˮóһĶһ˵һ߰ϡ
ˮĶʱһˣˮĶоһһ˵ĸоҲиǣһߺҲмҲи˰ϷϷڡ
ˮƽݣܸܵǷᣬֿһֱˮöŻع΢Цſˮ
ˮʱִŮһ̺ܽⲻĽ֮ǰŮ˷ʱûиоôһϵľ룬Ĵݡ
ҽҹ˹裡
Ů˿ĵ˵
֣
ˮһ㶣뵽һЩΪͺͷݵеϵϧˮ֪ݵһЩΪҹձһĴڡ
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ⲻǿ䣬ʵ£Ҫȥݣȥ𣿡
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ǰŵģռӦÿԿݺݶʮţݣݸǴûߣźܶصĵطԶսʲôģݺܸӣҺɣˡ䡢кܶǶǣκʵĿ´ڣɵħǡ
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Уһв٣ȻӴ˿ڻȾ̫ˣֻгΪ߲žصĵλ
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Ը˵ˮҲͲǿ֪Ů˺Լ⡣
Ŷˮҵݿܲʱ䣬Ҳܺһڷݵȹһȥʱʦһһֱòá
ŮǰˮкϾҪǰˡ
ˮһ㶣ǲʲô飬Ҫæ𣿡
ã죬ΣԸܵģ˵ҿʱ͵õңҲǣΣվʹ͡
ŮˮԴ
ˮЦЦһŮԼԴ

ˮɾԸԳһ飬Ĺһͬʱе޵Ҳһ
ˮĻյʯĶʱˣȥݵǰһҲһջ
Լݺͺǿ󣬵ҲɣҲʵߣʵҲǿ׼ģĻͨˣһµߣֻǿ߱ţݺݸ࣬Ͼ̫ˣҲ֡
ˮʵһȻԳΪһȻǵЩǿߵĻֻǵùˣ˭Ҳ˵塣
ڶ죬ʱ֣ˮҹ˹վϺˮϡ
ȹȥҪϹ𣿡
ţȹȥȥ
ˮʵλǷݵģǶڷݺݡλã뵽컹磬ѡλá
ӻˮʹ죬ӰԽԽģҹ˹迴ˮʧӰ¶Цݡ
ָоһ˲䣬ַ·ܳܳʱ䣬ˮѹʱѾ˷ݡ
ǰˮһΪɾΪĿޱȣһȥ泩ָоһҪĸо
ţĻӺãҲӳ֣Ǹ߿գͻȻоһ׺ϢһƬƺ
ʶֱֳƣ޴Ȼĳ
أ

һҺǹϢˮķɳȥֱʱˮſ屻Լķɵһֻѩ׵ޣʨţξ޴ͨѩ׾۾Ҳѩɫܺÿƶ޺ϢٶȺܿ졣
ѩޣ
ˮ֪޵ģƶأϲƶ޺ࡣ
ˮǰһȻûҪѩ޵Ҳ
ʱһ󲨶ˮ֪ŮҪˡ
ֻ˵ѩôˮŮʵ
߰ɣ޺Եģƶƶе̤ƶУѩҲ̤ޣ˵Ҳдﵽɵ̤ޡŮЦ˵
ǺãȥɡŮ˵ͷˮһȥ
һĵطһģȻҲ⣬⣬ĵشҲǱȽϷĵش
ĵشģٽݺͺݵλãҲ֮Ȼо룬Ҳĵطʣºܶʱ䣬д
ҹ˿ǣ
ˮ˷ĵλã֪Ů˽ҹ˹裬ھȻ˷ݵҹ˿ĿǣĿҹ˹衣
һ֮ҹΪҲǰʮһҪ֪һݵһݻҪƿһĶǳǿߡ
ҹ˿ҹ˹ûйϵ˵Լﵽ֮ٸԼ˵һﲻͣãʲôҹ˿ǿĴںҹûйϵϺ٣ˮоɺϡ
Ů˲˵ˮо˴ҹ˿Ӧú״
ҹ˿ǣˮݺţݺûκοɱԣӸģ½ӲȱԴԺȴöһķ
ǰǻеһԶԶԽǰеζԹһ㣬ûпɱԡ
ǰ𳵡ɻĶû˿죬ǰװصĹߺĿռûпɱԣԿȫ߸֮ǰʶŹ⻬ʯ·һʱҹ˹ˮǱ𣺡ˮе飬֮һֱӻţݣԼҪСģס֮ǰ˵Ļ
ţҲҪСģȥ֮ǰȵȻٻȥҲʱ䡣ˮԵ˵
ˣģ˵Ů̽ͷˮһǣӰһʧԭء


1316 ң꣬ҽ
ҹ˹ʧˡˮҲܲµóһһЩйϵļҾһļҺǿĻΪʲôҪȥţݻأ
էˮûһˣҹ˹߸оͦõģֻԼȥҹ˿ǿԼ졢ҽ⿵ȣ»Ǻ׵ġ
Ȼ˵ÿаʮһǣѾһһĿȻʮһǵÿӵмĵʵĳǳأֻһǣһǵҲʵǿĴڡ
һ޼ʵķǳأˮûãɣƾԾĸоȼʶ·һʲôӣ˳㿴ܲվסš
һֱһڵͻȻ˷Ҳǰˣ֪ôݵģÿ˶ԼܣԼһм֪
߱ˮͻȻ뵽ħǸŮˣ֪ħڷݻݻǺݣԼҪҪȥ
ǶԼҪôﵽ飬ȻﲻᶪԼܾᣬÿ˶оԼСͬʱҲоԼǿһì塣
оԼһ԰ԼĻ֮ɵȫʵһµĹֻ߻᲻ᱻɱ
Ҳ뵽ǸɫĹװɫŮˣ޿Ůˣ֪ĸݣǸ
˰εˣ

һӵˮ˼·ǰ·һ޴ĴΧźܶˡ
ˮ߹ȥڰͿʼ۲εˣͺܴ󣬵ˮ˵ʱһ㶡
޽ʵ帮ܸ˵ʵ帮£󣬵Ҳͱȱˮҽǰ帮һѡ
ҪСһ꣬һ޴ͻƣҺܹؼΪˮһҽεĹЧˮоӦǸҽʦӦвҽʦ
ҡҡͷվȻʲôҲû˵ɻΧ˶ʲôˡ
ˮƣ˵ʵ߲Ӧûػˣô»һ˳޽ʱ֪ģѵ뿪硣
ˮһϵģ鰲꣬ˮˣˮҪǰʱһ˳ˮǰ
ף
үү
ڣ

һʮˣ٣Ůʱ嵽ߣĽе
һһ˵֣ͣĺŸףӹڵ档
ףүүɣ
ʱһĳǰæ˵
λҲǺͿˣϽˣ鷳ˡ
Ҿ˵̽ץס˵
˵ʳָһˮǰһ
꣡
ˮû뵽˾ȻַͨˮһЩ鼮пʱʱܷ˼ͼ
һ˿Կʲô֮⣬½֮˻Ѿոȥ˱һҲӳԪҲǻعⷵա
ܿ˻ʱҽʦȴվүӵԼ˵ɣ
ˣѻ꣬Ҿʲôʲôá
˿ҽʦЦ˵
Ⱦүү
һһŮӽ˵
ҪΪˣҵ֪ûܾˣ֮ͻƵ顣
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ͻȻֵúܶ˶һҽʦˮȻҡͷƲĿ⡣
ܾүү
ǰǸŮӾϲĿˮҲǲͶҽΪ˺ء
ллĺ⣬ˡˮЦ
ˮ̫ˣ޷š
ҼүӶΪһδɵСҲҴԲѣ֪Ҽү˭𣿡ʱһм
ˮ˵Ǹҽʦߵһˣ˵ҲúӢֻ̫ˣһֻ󹫼һ
Ұ˵ٴΣȥԶѧҽ̬̫ײˣʺҽ
˵ֿˮλ㲻Ҫ֣ҴǸүӵĴ޽а취
ҽʦ˵ƽҲû˿㺲Ҳɫ仯ˮһ˿˼һһǿҽʦҽʦˮĻķСΪ޽û˭ܾΣһЩҩҲޣһûˣԾǰһ˵֢һû˻š
£ҽʦûбֳʲô
һǲһЩСĻеʣЩİʳȥһЩԪӣĴޱЩİһ롣ˮ΢Ц˵
ҽʦˮĻǺƽΪ˭֪ǰư֢Ѱϸȫȥָ˭
ܳȥЩʺͰµ𣿡ҽʦˮ
ܣҲȫȥҲܰȥһЩˮ϶˵
ҽʦ۾һž⣬ĿˮˮҲƽĿҽʦ֮ҽʦſϵˣүӣλ԰ɣ
Ǿ鷳Сˡ
ѻͷˮ˵
ﲻڷ㡣ˮЦ˵
ȻӦ̻ȥΪҽкܶļɻ䣬Ҳ֡
ҽʦǸҰҲţȴǳŲмһ˿ԹǰҽʦֹҪˮˣҽʦİͽܣΪļҽʦĹϵȻҽʦߵġ

ң
ҹ˿һСļ壬Ҫһһ֧Ǹ֧ŸһǺܺõġ
һȥһׯԺׯԺ󣬱һͨ˼סҲʲôڿͨׯԺ
ȴǺܸɾˮһֱƽû̸ʲôκõı꣬ǲκã˵κ˻ٸҲ
ˮֻӣһ˫ţˮóһн룬ʱȫκǴӳ˼ʮ겻ԪΪֵ̫ͻأ
ýദѨڵȺܶҽʦҶѨҲûзŹмҽʦֹʲôˮʩַûг
޸һЩͬʱеһЩʱƵ˫оֱλòһ롣
һƾ
룬
һκɫҺ˳Ž뻺£ȻһΣһζǿҡ
һҽʦɫˣ˼Ŀˮѻ걻˳Ϊҽǿ߼Ҫһ


1317 ã룬ҽߵ
ΪҩܣʹõĵҩԽ࿹ҩԽǿҽʦܻ⿹ҩԣرǿҽʦ
Ҳǿҽʦսҽתķ
һҽʦԲҩʦϾҩʦֱΪȻҲβٶҲ죬ҽʦǰеˣֻβһЩвҩ˵Ҫ㣬ҽʱĻҪ
ҽʦǿˣԼַ԰߸õյҩ⿹ҩԣҽʦԪȻߵһҽʦٺ١
ѻҽʦʹﵽ磬ˮûв´ĻܶҽʦӦйϵ
ɫҺһһεĵ£һС룬Ҳʮ֮ͣˣʧˣˮ룬̽ɢζС˳ȥ
򿪴µĿܿ˷䣬ǰζɢүӻ¸첲ƺ˺ܶ࣬һǿг⣬ƺ
ȵĿˮ֮󻺻˵ҽ֮ǰͷۻˣѻ궼ҽͷҡ
үӣұȲ
ѻЦҡҡͷܿȵĿˮ
ûв´үӵİԪİɣҲүӵİԪˡ
ˮ˵
ѻ۾ۣÿҹ˿ģҩϹͷ˰꣬Ҷ꣬ͷңҲ
үȻرĿġ
ǸҰʱͷѻ󣬲˫۾ȴǲʱĿˮԹ֮ɫأˮʶǿȻܸܵûеһ¡
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үһ˵
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ϧˮ֪ˣֻǳѣǰӦҲԭ
ÿ
ˮŮӵʱǨյ궯ȴǺƽǸоޱȵϤһָоΪǰĸо
ʱǰǸһŹӵľ˳
˰ľеݸүӡ
˻ľд򿪣ľһƬɫɫһ˵ĵɢǹǿԾˮо𺳡
룡
ˮľоŸһһ뵭ɫľŴ룬Ϸֲžſŵ貵ĹΣСһ߲ʹΡ
ү룬͸ѻֻ꣬һ֮󣬾Ͱ뻹үӣû˵ʲôǺ룬ϧòɡ
˵룬ѻùңܲʹ룬Σգһһ߼䡣
үڴĿˮظˮ
ˮʱѾͨˣܼ˵̫ˣΪģ룬һáһúˣһǽ붼ҪЧʮ֮ࡣ
ϰ벿Ҳǵɫǲ֣룬°벿Ҳ룬Ҳ롣
ǿͷģʹ붼Ҫһֻǿ߼ӹľԿʱˮһʱ뵽֮
Լ֮
үӣ̫ˣҲҪ
ˮ˵Ҳʵ˵ҽʦȻǰǿʹá
ѾˣϧһֱûãνӢۣȻʹ͸Һܿģ˵ңлɣ
үӵǺѣ֪ǺöϧԼо鰵ͶɢĹԣĥ
°ɣʹЧԼӴҲ绢
ѻʱҲǿĵ˵
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ˮһֽӹ룬Ȼûԣ֪ԼãԾҪ
˭֪òܣҪ£ô
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ˮо˾Աǿļ壬ȻҲô񣬻оѻ겢ϲˣɻǴߣһǱԭ
ð֪ҲҸһԣ
ˮ΢Цſ
һ뱻˺
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ԣ
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ðɣǾС԰ɣ
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ҪôᣬʲôɾǶ
˵꣬ѻǶǳһ£ӰǸ˵ͷ·ڴһ

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ˮһ룬ָסм䣬ȻתٶȺܿ죬Լȥ
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Űӵʱ䲻ɫĲλʼɫλɢһǰֻϢһÿһ߲ʵͻǿһЩѾúǿˡ
ʵҲã԰һЩһҲնöʱ򲢲ֻܺˡ
һˮԼסȻ澭ѭҺ׵ˡ
ˮ֮֮ľſ߲ʹͻȻ貵ĹΣˮһǿ
ѻʱҲǴסˡ
ˮ۾Լǰ棬ֱи֮
ŸѸٵ룬һȵΣš츮
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ˮСˣǵһãϵõĲһɣȴǱȽЧ˺ܶࡣ
ˮ룬Ҳ۾ˮϲΪѾͣһʦ۷ܾ֮ˣû뵽һͻƣֱӿҪﵽ˶ʦ۷壬֪õĺôˮḺ́Ԫ
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ѻĻ˶ˣˮǸҰҲǣˮȵˣǸҰ˳Ӷˣʵ಻£һʵԽһ֮ࡣ


1318 ãˣ
ı仯ȻУ𺳻رǿҵģʱǿĵĿˮʵүүԪ˫ϲˡ
лл㣡
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ߣ
Ұһֱ뿪
˵ҲûҲû˵ʲô
ҰұҵĵϵҪһʶ
үվеε˵
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ڴ½ϣŽһ£үǲѵҰģүҵȻۣǷּ֧ҵˣҰҵĵϵ
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ˮҡҡͷν˵
үӿˮͷаޣܳס治࣬Ŷǽģݲñ˵ɣʵЩ˲֪³ˡ
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ԵֺˮŵҲţˣû͵Ե֣ԵԵԵŵҲų⡣
μӵϯ˺٣Ҳүһˣϯɢүˮ֤ܿźѻһ뿪Ҫȥÿ
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ѸٿһˮŰĿ⿴ãõĿܾ´ָоˮ۾һһֱ˵ĸо
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ҩšҩ֮඼Ǻܹ󣬲ȱǮˣҩŹЧܺãǿ塢һЩϵļȡ
Ĳ߿ŵģҪΪԪĲ˸٣ҩŵθߣϲ⿪ţβѻβĵط
һ·ˮʲôҲûбֳЩҩűĲǰԼеĶûпûǰܲӣ쿴ò֪ԼС
ˮѻûжãһ÷ʳߵúܿ죬㲻ԽԽСǸΧʮ䷿䣬ʱˮѻڴ
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ɣ
ѻ̾˵
æȥ
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ѻ˵꣬һɫе㷢׵˽

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Ŷ˽ܣλҲһλҽʦǱǿܶ౶ġ
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˵
ˮЦ˵һ䡣
ЦŵͷȻſѻ꣺ҵĲô𣿡


1319 Ы֮ްҹ˼ңǿ
Ͽѻ˵гڴ
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ѻҡҡͷҲеε˵
ϵһ˿ʧⲡԼ˶ҽʦҵҽʦҲѻʱסʱ䳤˻ûа취ѻѰҸӸҩʦҽʦ
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еĻ䣬Ҳˮ̫СǿˮҪʲô
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ˮĻ֣Щʧѻİһˮûʲôɫİ͸ϣˡ
ܿˮʹˣĿϡ
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ˮ˵ҲǾȣȻЫˣֶҩŮûкŮ˸ӽģ֮ϵӻжȻЫҲʱƵģŮʹúڶʱں˽Ͽж
𣿡
ƺȼϣеĿˮ
ܣûҪҩɣȻΪԺдˡ
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лһŰл²˳Ҿ뿪ˡ

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ѻشĺܿ죬ⲻǸʲôܣڷݵлϴ󲿷ֶ֪ÿĶ˵龳ǿߣѻûʲôԥ˵
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֪ǸŮ˲ǺݵΪеģӦǺͷݻݵһЩˣΪôΪжܡ
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ˮץסѻһˣҽǿ󣬵ȴǾʲôҲ󣬷ǿ󣬾ǲŮС
ѻ䲢رĴŮˣȴûӣΪ֪ԼŮУһֱûȢޡ
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̱ԪȹǿˣϸǿˣҲԵˣǰûаգаյġ
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ѻֻ࣬ҪõʲôҲ£Լҽҹ˿ѡ
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֮ȪкܴļټˮĿԽﵽ˳ϣǿһѻ޿ɱ⡣
ʱһĹȥͻȻһɫϢˮֱӵ棬ð֮ٻΪպΣ
ˮ߶֮ˮķ֣ѻϾȻһѵƤѪӲѡ
Ȼǿоڻ׹ǣоʱñ֮ǰ˾޴Ľ
ҽߵ룡
˿ϵƤˮ룬Ҳ˲ʲôеʵϵܣô
ϸܺãһ㱧Ϻӡ
ģ
ֲߣö֪ˡ
ˮѻ꿪ģҲоģΪӦİɡ
ƺŵϵζãϿģûз֣Ȼ󿴿ԼǱģæˮϴȥ
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ϴվھǰʱһˣȻԼʱģȻ½Ͼ飬ɷԼϻе㲻˼飬š


1320 Ůˣˮüƻ
ãѻƺŻعҲӼᶨԼе뷨ʱѾʱˣ֪Լôͻججԡдôʱ䡣
ˮرĸмڲˣʵҲˣԪҲˣҪˮκ塣
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ĹЧȻҪԼľĺ֮һ֮Ȫ⼸ȱһɡ
ϸ磬ãȻҲֵܣʤֵܡ
ˮ΢Ц˵
ѻ츳ǿ漼ˮԽһЩһЩҩšҩ࣬ڷҲҪԼһ¡
һú
ˣԶˣԺʲô飬ʲô仯ԶģߣһؼңҪɻ飬ϵܸҵϡ
ѻˮĵ˵
ˮҲܿģѻȥϤ˶ǾĿˮѻ꣬Ϥ˻ǿϳ˺ܶ࣬һպ΢
ѻһҽʦҲ֮ҩţפЧҲûôŰɡ
ѻҲû뵽һԼΪƣѻѸٵĴ˳ȥˮ²ףܿȻˡ
ҽ߲ͬڱˣһûԸҽ߷Ĳ˿Ĳϵκ˿Ȼû˻ӺҽߣϾÿ˶ܱ֤Լˣܱ֤Լ˲ˣҽߵﶼء
뵽ЩЦˣҽ߲ûˮôһѣһ²ˣ˻Լģһһˡ
ϣõߵòҩмԼһҲһĴڣȻȲҹ˼ңҲǺǿĴˣҰԼá
һʱˮоʱ·ôˣԼһʵһ߻£סһǿҴ壬ֻԼĸܷƸꡣ
ٴκѻ޳ſĽֵʻˮ֪һȥѻļңӦǼҰɣ
Сʱʱ䣬޳ͣˮѻһСׯԺﲻ󣬵ͦݻġ
ϵܣҵļˣҺҪ
ѻĻԣļңͺˮһ֪ϵ˵Ѿܺã˵Ѿ֡
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ˮЦŵͷϸԺҸġ
һ߽ׯԺܿһ̴ĸ˳˺ܷ飬ĸ㷢𣬲޳˫ִĵˮü֮һַ顣
һ͸ŮˣֻǱҹ˹һʣŮǸɶõŮˣĹǣҲе㡣
Ů˿һ㶣ſѻ֮꣬Ų˼˵磬ôˣ

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Ů˰ҲԼһ㣬׳һ㣬˭ҲϲԼ̬ӣҲ˲á
ֵܣͻ˵˵ȥˣҪɩղð
˷ܻˣʱ̫ˣһ˲ľϲое㻳Σ֪ġ
ϲѻ꣬ˣֻǰϣȻϲӣûкӣ˵ĸģѻ겻ȢԼʵȢȢѾνǲϲѻԼ尾
޴ľϲˣκ˲κĲǲкӣҲ֪ѻ֮ҲΪܵķޣķޡ
Ǿ鷳ɩˣͿˡ
Ů뿪ˮѻ߽ѻһֱڲ˼ϣŵĸоһҸ˼⡣
ϸ磬ñøӸߵ֪ϸΡ
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ʱŷ˽ˮѻĵúܿҲܿġ
պܺãһЩ¥еĴһҲɫȫŸˣĸصģһ
磬Ǿֵһ
ʱ˺ܶ࣬ǸŮˣԼ̸Ҫ͵οˮѻҲûд
ѻվžƣˮϽվһ˲˵һֻһΣԺôⱭҸǵϣף硢ɩҸúϡӡ
ɫ΢죬ǼҲһɬҸֵܣ˺ӣŮҶɵ
ˮһܴŮˣЦŵͷҾͲǿɵü͡
ѻˬĴЦȴߵֻˡ
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ǰˮǲôġ


1321 ǿӡ
ˮǰһֱо棬ѨλҲ棬ںˣһ仰˵ģһнпܡ
ľβõˮֱӴаľеѻ޷ѧеÿһ֣Ϥйϵ
ˮϹ棬жһ㣬ԿԺܼ򵥵˵ԭβⶾ
֮⻹һ׼򵥵Ḻ́Ԫģʲô̶ȻҪѻЩ֮ˮȥ
ǰֻһԵģ֪֮Լʧ˺ܶ࣬һֺǿ
ǰ̫֪һ㣬˶Ƿܴ󣬳ԵٵҲûɼ˵ʳպǿʳҲԽߣȻղ˵ĻӪʣ岻á
ߵǿȸߣյĸ࣬ҪõĶΪһһͨ˵ʳǺΪκˡ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱѾкܶණˣ֮ǰһֱûпûôֻʹһĶơ
÷ơ¶ơ׳վƣӦþǻǾưɣߵƣЩǰǵƷʵľơ
ҲƷʣȻݣƷԽߣԽãƾԽãƷʲ߾ҪˣƷʸ˿ֲݡ
˾֮ˮ˰ӡ
ˮӣҲаӣˮûԼӣȻˣҲԣֱӿӵķӡ
ȻˮӵĲϻҪˮ˿ӵۻǺܸߵģȻҪʮ֣һЩ޵ĹǷۺ˿
ӷŵǰǲ˼ģǰ޷ģ˵вҩ޵ĹǷ㣬Ϊûޡ
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ûз֣һЩϤĶҲûз֣ͳֵЩѾˣΪƷʡ
ˮ÷ƣôЩ꣬رɾУǧ÷Ѳǧ÷ˣԺƵ÷ƹЧá
޻ѸٵʵѰʷǶ۷ҩޣʱпͻƣѰѾˮһ๦ޡѰҩݡɱС
ˮһ⿣棡
ҪĲог㣬ˮ൱ǰĳʵųԵ棬һϰףȻ᳤١
ĳȴǲͬĿԳٵ棬ȻҲԲӳ㣬ЧۿۣյԣЧһ꣬ͨʮԪҲܳʮΣһһΡ
ʦҲһ꣬Ԫ
沢ǳٻԳȴһЩļǿ壬ԪҲǱʵֻЧ̫ѡ
Ĵˣһ棬ЧãƣԹ˾ͲٳˣȻͲˣɴԳЧȳúܶ࣬ó˷ѣЩ˷ѻǱҪġ
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⿵ʱðѲϴһ£°빦
ˮʱѷھơӺͳ档
治ۣǰƣȻҲһܳģҲֻһЩˣһ㣬Ǯ

ڶˮò󿴵ѻԶԺгһȭҲˣ
ҲǹʦߣȻֻһʦҲ֮ˣһǵһķˮ롣
ˮ߹ȥѻ꿴ˮкҲǣڵݹĸоƺ˺ܶ࣬˷ϲ¾ˬ
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֣ҽ߲ͷƨÿҽ߶ԼŵˮûѧԼһЩǿȻý߼һЩݹĶʲôġ
СЧϴͬˮҲѧϵǺˣĽһ㻹ǿԺġ
극ûȥãˮ
Ȼˮļֶôƹ顣
ˮ׼óһЩǰƵľ࣬Ʒʲ˵㣬ȴݺǿˮƳĶǶ˿ŵģҪѻƹ㣬ϾˮڻҪʱ䡣
ˮóһ̳÷ƣ˱ߺȱ˵ѻ÷Ƶζ͹Чˣֻζױȣοϴ跥ǿ塣
ЩûмƵʱ÷֪ЧǲǸá
˵°빦Ǿ˵еһٶһǿɣ
ֻһǰӣеףˮԣֲʲôӣ䶹ˮû
ˮ뵽ǰ硱Ǹ硱ģҲаӡ硱뵽ԼһӾǳ鴤
ǸоΪ飬Ǹое㲻˼顣
ˮԼ뷨ѻ˵֮۷Ź⣬ʾЩû̫⣬͸ҪǱҪסһЩѹϾЩˣһռҪ£һЩʵֻҪʵԽ࣬û˸Ŷռˡ
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ȻʼҲнͻ»𣬶һҪڻмһЩҩ֦ҶٶȺܿ죬һʱʱͺˡ
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֮ǰˮоƺеڷְҲԳΪߵݳƷ
ˮӣ֪ӵĹЧ
ǿ壬ٻָͲ־ζޱȡ
ǿĹЧ󣬵ȴʤƽտԵԣοζȣ㹻ˣοܿٻָͲ־


1322 ϵǰҽӼ
ӦöǱӵӺסˣϾǼˮɾеϣֻƾζԿԴгϧˮûдӡ
ȿζΡ
ˮֱкѻỤ̊Ҳ֪ջ󣬻ΪŮ̲ûоܾǸߵŮ̳ȥҲǧһģģƯԸᡣ
ˮҧһڣ򣬲ر壬ȴ磬һ˵㣬˸оóԵĶ
ˮǰʹõɾϣֻ˵Ǹиζ˵ǸͱǸóԣˮоǰԹĶûǸͿ˵ӺóԵġ
ѻֱӳһڣһᣬڳ꣬һƺ˼ˮæҲһкͼŮԡ
ܿһ˳˲ʮͣһδĸоˮѻ굹ûʲôүǣŮǸое㲻˼
Ůʱȥæģʣˡ
ϸ磬ôƹ㡣
ˮѻ껺˵˳ǲܵģǲģǷҵȴǹ˿ϵ۵ԭ
òͨģϵ˶ǷǸߺ͸Ϊ࣬߶ԽǿԽȱǮ
ϵܣģ÷ǲƹ㣬Ȼ˰Ǵﻹʣô࣬¥вˣǳһöõӾͻҹ˿ˡ
ѻƺаա
ˮҲǣ¥ʵҲõĿˣӦкܶǸε˰ɣǰԼݻǿԵġ
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ԪʵǲģߣӦǹܼҵ飬ѻܿء
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õ˳ȥֻһЩ˵ϾȥҲһǶԵЩ˴ȥЧǺܺõģŶȻߡ
ѻҲ˳ȥҪôǿҽһܲˮĴڣһʱҽ۴ˡ
һȥˣ
ˮû뵽ֻÿڴҲܴﵽЧܶ˶ҪΪõġˡϧˡʸѾĺܸˡ
ӲˮҪ£ʲôһֶΣʹ¥˲ˡ

õķչѾһķչˮľƣ滹ûʱûҲܿʵС
죬ſ˺ܶˣǾװˮʱͿѻɫе㲻ԣˮ˵ӼҵˣӼҹ˿ǵĴ壬Ȼҹ˼Ҳ磬ļǿ̫ˡ
ʮˣվڴһģˣɽֿ࣬ͦɽɫ㣬üëŨܣ۾񣬲ŭͷѾе߰߰׷Եøӳ졣
ֵܣȻ˺ö࣬鷳ֵܸһҽ
ֱӿżɽ˵
ˮסѻ꣬ǰ˺ܿ񣬻ϰ߱ԣ־þӸλشϰߡ
λǣ֪ǰк£һҪõĴţ
ˮɫЦҲûʲôõ˵
ӵ£ҽ
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ӵɫһϻָƽȻ˵Ȼȥɣ
ҽӼҪҽǺæͺȥһΰɡ
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ѻ꿴ˮʱ֪ôӼƴӼˮʲôҲܲų
ԲҺæʱ鲻ҪҲæʱȥݷã㿴Σ
ˮɴ˵
ѻˮĻ۾һҲǺܼ֪ˮжȴǲô
Ӽ̬ȣҹ˼ˮҲȥϰ߱롱οڻеɱģ벻ֻβܵá


1323 ʱ䣬ˣ
ˮ̬ӵҲһ㶣֪е˶Ǹ߰ޱȣˮɫЦˣ߰ҲҪи߰ıǮȻ͹ԹԵ˳һ㡣
˵ɣӼҺܿ㣬ǸϢɣȥһӼңһϸڣԲ㡣
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ӼҴ壬˭˭ĸ˶ͷƤӼҺӵ¸оԼˮһȻܡ
ϣӼ˭˭ĸǸ˱ӼҿǸ˵컯ϧˮǱˡ
ԲҶԺûȤ
ˮľܾ
˺ܶ࣬ӵҲû뵽ˮܾ֮ǰû˵ˮֱΪӼЧ˵ʵһġ
ˮΪˣȻԿʲôĿģԶֱӾܾӼȻǿ󣬵鲻ܳеǿĵֵ˳㷢չԼ
ʵֻʵܲ۸
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ˮҲЦˣӵ£˵ˣҲϲ˺ûҾȥæˡ
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⼸ķչҽȻᱻ˿ˣֻӼˣƺܿͻбļá
˵ûӼҺ𣿡
˵Ӽҵ磬ܺôһٵãǲúͱġ
иҽ˭Ҷҽʦ֣ͻҽʦ˭ҪԵ޹ʵɱҽʦҪ׼
Ҳδأҽʦ֮ҲǾң΢ġ

ϵܣô죬ӼĺԲưոݵġ
ѻʵɫܳء
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ˮԶæվһʼˮ֪˲Ǹڼӵˣ˵ӵ£ûеʵŰޱȡ
鷳Сҽˡ
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СѾͷĵ˵Ӧǿӿģǿˮܸܵġ
˼ңҲϲ͹ȥһݣҲСѾͷˡ
գ˳ɢɢģСѾͷϲʲôҶ
˿СѾͷܳ磬һ˿ᡣ
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ˮСŮβΪҵˣһͨ˼ҵģҲһ£ˮĻԶ档
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˺ܼ


1324 ҽʦҲǿ˾ռң˥֢
СѾͷûٳԣǸװһٳԣˮл뿪ʾԺʲôҪһҪڡ
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ѻʱĵ˹֮ǰ˵Ļúھ̾ˮӣ˵ҽӮ˵ıֻ֤ҪˮԸ⣬Ͼܽٵ⡣
ϵܣô죬Ҫ˰æ𣿡
ѻЦ˵
ţ򲻵ѣǲҪſڣǻǰԤȵļƻʱӦû˰ǵġ
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ҹ˹ЦȻˮ㲻±סҪˣԼҪСġ
ˮסӣ΢Ц˵ţҲҪСģסҾԿκ㣬һá

Ů뿪ˣˮ˳ѻ겢ûˮ˭˵ǽȥ˾ռҰɣ˴ˡ
ѻ꽫ϢɢȥҲѡģ˾ռңһ˾ռҵõϢһǺпκò
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һѻ꣬һˮŴȥ
ǰǣ֣ˮһᵰۣȴû˿оϾ˵ǣԼѻ궼˵
ܴһȾҾҲǺܶ࣬ˮѻܿˮ
үӣ֪λҪΣǻȿɣ
ˮûжϵĲ衣
Ǻã
Ц˼¡
ǰǸ˽ˡ
˽
ǣ
ܿһġߡ˽˺ݣһƤһŹͷͷ߰ס·޾ɣ˵үү˰ɣ
ˮһ㶣оǲһˡϣһֲ̬˥
˥֢˥ϵĹ̽ʮòˣܿ˥ˣ½ˮ˥֢֪ģǰǲΣһ㶼ѻʮꡣ
ھݣ˵֢״ӦÿƵġ
λҲɣ˥ʱʾףҲ֪ô͵˺ܶҩȻЧ
ų󲿷ֵҩٺõĵҩҲûãΪա
ˮʱվ˵
ѻҲվ
ҽ𣿡
˾ڴ˵
ˮ֪Ϊʲô˾ռԼˣѻӦҪԭ
ܣҪٰµʱ䡣
ˮ˵
ģ˵£پöû¡
ˮֻ֮ҪܾͿˣҪһ֮ȪȽаա
ˮĻˡûмֻǹĿڳԵˣ̫оƺֲǿڳԣΪ˵Լʲҩġ
ҾͰһ°ɣܲƣһܿҲܸܵ
Ƶʱ䲻ǺܳҲͰʱңмʳһ֮Ȫˮʹõ룬֮ۿɼĿˡɫָһЩǰһ꣬ʮһȻ仯󣬵ȴǺԣҪϺ;˺ܶ࣬Ҳˣӵǿ
ˣоô
˾ҲǼʵ


1325 棬Ӽˣʨ
ȻĿҽΣ
˾𾪵ĿˮֻǺһ㣬ҹһյƣָ˷Ҳϣ
˾ʵѾоˣҲе㲻ţ˾ռҵļ뵽ҹ˿õҽʦҩʦϧǶ޲ߡ
үӣȸǣÿһһҽһΣ˳Ļ¾Կκá
ˮվЦ˵
Ѿں磬Σλ춼ҪͷҼҽʦڲŷ˵̫ˣ˵¾Ͱλҽˡ
˾ˮѻ˵
˼ңǻ£˵žأɣκ˵Ĳʱٺȵ㣬㿴Ρ
˵ϣ˾ҲˮɿЦŵ˵ˣκһҪúõĺһ
ãһģ

һңЩﶼЩⲡˣЩ˻ǺҪģҲǺУβ˹ϵҪˮҽ˳ȥ
ͬʱˮҲҽѸٴ˳ȥΪԼƣϧͬʱȥĻˮӼҵĶԹ
Ӽң
ӵںȾƣǰվһʿģˣ˸һָĪĸо
֣ôԸǸСӣСӷȥһһµĴڣһҽʦȥһӰͻޱȵĿ¡
ʿƱһ¡
Ҵ㲻ʲôҲҪ
ӵԥһ¼ᶨ˵
ȷ
ݺףʲô𣿡
ܸоûбҪһҽʦ㣬ֵ
ݺ׵ʿӵ˵
ѾųڻӼҵ˵һССҽʦǽɾϲˣϡ
ӵɱܼᶨ
ʿһ˿ʧûбֳǼӵºȾơ

ң
үүҡ
һ߽˵ԺЦ˵
oоˣ⼸鷳õǸˮܾȣֻӼƺԸڰпŵ㣬Ҫʱ
΢Ц˵
үүİɣȻܾȋoҾͱˡ
ĵ˵
oͬϴδŵСѾͷ˼˼

ͬһʱ䣬˾ռһҼͬĶٶ뷨ֹǶǴˣȨףΪһǿҽʦ
صõˮͽɾʼĳ档
Ȼ࣬УҲˣΪˮʨ޲µľ壬ٵһһ㾧͹ˡ
ӵˣһڶ˭ܳõİӶһݺҫʱʹﵽҲӼҵĿ˶ռһеͷ
һʱ䣬¥ġˡˣݱǸ˺ܶ࣬һõֱ˺֮ܶ࣬ǰ˳ȥЩ˳Ӷˡ
ͬʱڵĻӵ£֪Ͳ˵Ǹ죬ȻŹȥһ࣬Ѿ֪ԷӼӼƺѾܣֻҪԸ⣬һ˳ͷ
ӼҵӲܶԼµĻôԼôȣϣһ˲ֵ֣߳ʱί㣬ҲԱӡ
֪ӵѾԼʼˡ
ڶ죬˳үӺСѾͷڣЩѵģڵ¥ÿ꽻һǮ֮⣬ʱβһѵģƶȾͺǰĻࡣ
һҪҸҪյһԲЧŵ˭ڴٵʱһ롣

һʱȥˣһӼǰӣˮȻõš
ڰʱӼҵˣһ˴ʮˣÿ˶ž޴ʨޣȻӿվſڡ
ˮѻꡢȻ֪Ϣ
ӼҵվſûжãˮҲͳˡ
ΧܶˣǺ֪ܶӼǰ˵ĻԽľڹעߵĶԽԽ࣬иŲٵĴ塣
Ϻܶ¥ʲôĶֻΪˮļͱ仯úܶ˶Ǻܼʡۺ죬ȻҲкܶκòάá
ȻġˡǸˣÿܶʱһ¥βѣͨնһ㣬ͨİգˡˡΪʡǿȾǮˮҲҽΣݵʱʹù
Ӽļ壬ûгͻֻҪ֪ʣǻǮҲΪõġˡһһļ塣
ʱ䵽ˣûȥӼңҽҵʱ˵Ļ
ӵ¿ˮ˵
ڸߺܶˣӼ˵ĻһϣҪ֣ӼҶ˭ܳܵ
˵֮ûȤѵҲҪƽ
ˮ΢Ц˵
ˮĻ󣬵ȴΧκ˶
ӼˣһԵǿͼҪԡ
ǰҲ֪ΪʲôûֹӼأǻҹ˼ҡҡ¼ҡô඼ǿƽӼҵļ壬Ϊʲôǲء
Ͳ֪˰ɣӼĴڲԳĺãҲΪʲôӼңҲûӼҡ

ˮΧۣھдڵĵһǱ
ӼҴӲ۸ˣɣǴʤʤˣҪӦӼҺӼ£ӮˣȡǸ㿴Σ
ӵƺʶʲôһת˵
ĪӮˣӮһǸ
ˮӵ¡
ӵһ㶣˵ɣҶš
ʹһһӮӮˣ˵ӮˣԺӼҲ̤֡
ˮƽȴúܶöѪڡ
Ҫ֪ҹ˿ļӼҡ˾ռһεǿȻ廹Ǻܶ࣬Ͼҹ˿ǻǺܴģһҲͼʮ
ӵǳ˳飬Ѿˣ˵ãҽţ
ǰӮһǸˮıʾϡһǸǲԸ⿴Ӽ˳ʳ֣˵㣬Ӽ˳Ӱʳ
ˮĿΧܵעԼϢºͣûж⣬Ҳûйǣ̤ն
ӵҧҧҪ𣬵ʱͻȻԶַһֻʨޣ˵ʱ򣬺ܼĵ˵ǰ
壡
ӵ¹е
˵ӰҲǸߴ࣬ӵ΢һ㣬Ҳ΢ϣӵ¿ǳģ
֪ˣ˻ȥ֮ͱչذɣ
˻һ㣬䡣
ǣ
ӵһǹ˵
ܿһۣӼҵϲ˭ܼ̤ġ
˵ֱ̤նһֻһ硣
ϷʨҴӼҸӮʲôʲôûУ˸Ǹ֮Ӽ˾̤һ
ʨˮ˵


1326 սʵһؾŹ
ʨĻˮܾȵģ֪˴ʲôע⣬ΪԼӮûκκôӼҵͶˡ
ͻȻˮǾ޴һ㺮ǣһɱ
ͻȻˮƺˣȻԼ˵㣬Ӯ˲ҪôһǾǻʧɱԼ
Ǹɱϵˣɱ˾ͿԲһ󻼣ɱ˾͸һǰӣˡ
ˮЦˣȻ󻺻˵ϷģˣҾʹӦһ˭ԪֻҪ˵ҶӳٰԪ
˲˵ˮҲûаսܶԷܸԷһöԷڶԼɱֵʱԥ¡
ʨһˮ֪ٵģŲˣˮܵԷϵɱ⵭ˡ
ĿĴﵽˣˮЦٴ˵ʼɣСĵ㣡

ʨ˵óԼһѾ޴ʨͷ
һѳףһߵľ޴Ļɫʨͷһʨͷһʨͷɢ͵Ϣ

ˮʹ˻ûΪá

ʨҲ˻Ļһ׻ɫףʨͷһףˮû˵ְɣҲġ
ˮͷȻ󻽳˽
շħ
Ȼȳ֣ˮֱýʹڶԷȻûʧʱˮֱһ֮ȥ
֮
һˮҲ˵ʵһֱʵ
˾Ȼʵ
ӼҾʵҹ˼ҡʲôʵʨӼǲǿģݵʵһʲôķֲ
תۼûʵʨҲɫ䣬о޴ʨͷһӣϺɫĹһһ޴Ļʨӻˮնȥ
нʵˮʵе󣬲֮еͷΪţʨȻʵǿ󣬿ϧͣһֻŴŵľ硣
һ˳ɵھĹˮǺܵģټʨùǻϵ
ɽ
һɽֱӵסһ޴ʨӵ
أ
ɽˣˮʱһһ޴ɫ̨ʨϷ
ӡ
ӡأɵٶȺͷӦٶȡ
ˮӡʱҲͻƵأֻӡػǽٶȺͷӦޣЧƺУܰԵ뻯ɼѡ
ž
ȥ
ˮžɽʨȥ
ʨҲ֪ˮĹŹ֣ǰһΪԽǾ޴ʯͷ飬֪ⶫǸ޴ʨͷһĵٴھɽϣһǿ
ɵ˲䣬˶ˣֱˮȥĻװݣʨͷѪһĻ档
ˮһӣһ޴Ļ޺Хȥ
Ź
ʯһŹˮ˲ʨҺ󷽣еĻĳȥ
ţټϾŹ棬ǶǿĵҲĶԸ
ڲԶˮʱҲ˹
ս
ҲǼɵٶȡ
ӵвֵѪʵĵ£Щӻһµٶš
ǽĽ׶ΣಽഺһֻҪʱ䣬Ӫ㹻ͻѸٵĳ壬ȫ
˵ǿԳĴڣֻҪ㹻ǿˮʵͻˮ磬ʱҲͻƵ龳ɡ
һʨٶֱӴˮˣٶûˣʤ㲻󣬳ʵʮٱĳ֣һʮᣬھԵʵǰһжǲ԰ľ硣
ʨڴڱˮĹżϧˮĹ޷˺һЦ
վҲûа취ҡ
ʨɴ಻ˣǿĻһֻꡣ
Ĳ
ˮЦˡ

ˮֱгޣ
׻
ʨ޵ĴĹϣֻǺܿ͸о˲ԡɫ䣬ֱӴһӡ
ʨͷϵʨͷԽĿ£ʨͷͻȻŷһǿҵѪֱӽ֡
Ѫʨħ
ˮĸܵ˻֮֮еȫʧʵһ޳ȥ
æܣƺѾˡ
ˮҲǴ󺧣
ŹתǬ
ˮ˲ֱӺʨλãԵʨ෴ķ򱼳һξ룬ֺɫεʨŬˡ
ҿܵҼΣ
̤
ʨ͵̤ȥ
ϧûдЧ
ս
Ч
ˮҲֱޣʹʥʯָ㿪ʨϬµĹ
ʨһ״̬ʱԵģ˻֮ĸûЧˮȶԷѪʨħ״̬ʧٴ
Ѫʨħ
ͻȻʨͻȻһѪɫĹһˮϣȻʨӰһ¸ӰʧˣһǵصϢѹ˹
ˮҪ⣬ȫ亹˲ʪ͸ȫһαˣһ޴ˮĻ֡
أ
ˮֻоһɽײԼһڿѪҪǮҺûܳס
ȻȻûеǺɫѪߡ
һ
ãһɢˣϧʱʨٴγˮ
עųеս˫ȭҪ֣ʱߴһ֪⣬ʱãҪ֣һ㣬лл
ˮͷˣû뵽ԼģҲܲµ˭޷ǾǼңоҵĿԸ󣬵Ҳһ
Ź飡
ˮӰı䵭ȻԶ
Ǹ£
ˮ꺮飬ʨȥ

Ѫʨħ״̬£һֻ¶ͷ꣬е޲ߡ
ˮɴһֱܣŹ֮ڣߡ
Ź֮
ˮƺ뵽ʲôȻһãϵܣȻžŹڵĲݣԴŹľ֮Ϊû˶ķչռ䡣
еĲ쵽һþŹʹԽԽˣһĸоŹ֮ڵһжһ
ӱ
ˮͻȻĵطɫأһסˣȻǾŹ
عһŹ֮Լ˵㣬Լ
Ǿ޴ġ
ܿ죬ˮͿڵľŹŹһؾ硣
һؾ磬Ź򣬿Ŀ괦ʮС
ʮǰֱӿ԰ŪǿߣʮӰ죬̫£ʤޣο˻
ɣĿľһؾԻɣĿļӿһɡ
ػŹھŹйػЧһɵйкܴļʻ˶ԷкСļöԷУʵͣɢ
һؾľŹˮǺģ൱⣬ˮһ
ʮɣ
ˮֱʨһؾľŹ
ʱʨϵĺҲˣˮɫ԰ףҲǻָ˺ܶ࣬ǿѾ޴󰭣֪ԼĻˡ


1327 һһ¶ɣҽ·
Ѫʨħ״̬ˣʨоܴȻû̫ƣΪ˴ﵽǰ״̬ĵٶƽʱһֹоѹ޴Ѫʨħ״̬¶û¶Է¶ԷˣŶԷƲԼĻҲǺܵġ
ֻ޴ɫ޺ܹ˼ɣҺ޵ʵǺǿȻܺԼ
ʵˮʹѪ٣ϧʱƺպòԲһֱŽͶԷٶȺͷӦѪٲסԷǶԷʵԼǿˮҲаʨʱӲ
ϧһֱûᣬǰ޵ĹԷСˣͬķѣ¶ԷѪʨħʱ䲻ãʱˮҲվ˲֮ء
Ժпܾȥ
ȥˮԲͬ⣬ʵƽֵĽҲǺܺõģĽƺе˵ϣڴ˵ƽ֡
ˮֶη࣬ʨʵǿ󣬲ҲֻܿƤëֻ˲ܿսЩԸʨսҲԸˮս
ˮó롣
룬һһ
ˮҲƽ֣Ҳ֮ǰͻȻ뷨뵽ʨսܻսƽ֣ӼҵҪģˮҲǾԼܵģԼȻˮŬʤһս
ˮ룬һͷǰȻʨȥ
úã
ʨһֱԼٶ׷϶ԷʵȶԷǿ󣬿ϧŶԷˣ·һȭһȭĴ޻ϡ
ھȻˣʨзŹ⣬ֻҪץסᣬԲˮӵ
ˣ
ʨԽԽˮûжһƲˣ治ҪľһشԷ
ˮ֪Էʲô˼ٽʨʱˮʧˡ
Ź
;Ź֮ͬЧʧϢʲôĶʧŹӰԾŹһʧ˲䣬ʨͷһ𣬵һ뵽ԼĻİˣ䱸ʱ׼ˮһ
ͣ
ʧˮ˲ʨߣеֱʨǿǿޱȵĻȴһı͸
ͬһʱ䣬ʨȻ׼ˮһʱˮֱӱͨע뵽ԷС
ԣȻһģҲ˲ʨڰ״̬ʨһȻۿۣǴˮܿҪҲٴܵش
ȥʨûбˤȴ˹Լ䣬־ͨһĸоһоήңһҲĸоˡ󲡳ĸоûָоһ˵Ĵ
Ұˣ
ʨȥ˻վǰˮ˵
ˮûɱΪһڲϵûԼʮ꣬һȻʵҲǺо
ɱʨҲûʲôôһͶԺҲֵԼͷϣܻʮ꣬ʱһӼһôô
߰ɣϣ֮ĳŵ
ˮǵѪ˵
ģӼҾԻصġ
ʨЦ˵ֻЦޱȵĿɬ
һʼʨ͸ܵ˽ԼذܣˮܴҲһЩѪӵ̫ûӣɱӵµ鶼ˣܵΧĲ˵֮ǰĶעĿΪ˲ˮǺ޵Ӽңʨô꣬Ȼܿ˻죬ѾӼҿˡ
һǿҽߵ
ϵܣû°ɣ
ѻ굣ǵǰ˵
ϸҽʦ˰ɣ
ˮЦЦϻ治ʲô
ֵܣȥ˰ɣƲϡ
ҲǶˮ
ˮͷ˻˵ͷ߽á
ûжãүӻҲˣˮģ֮ǰҲڣ࣬ˮепǰӡеһ˿㺾ȻĨ
ǰŮŮˮвģϲģʦװв׺¡۳һҶŮӣЩŮӿ˵ǰױﲻ磬ĳΨƬǲܴ󣬿ɾŮ˵£ǰϲŮӳĺŮʱôҲĨϲ
۾ܴ󣬺񣬻һˮһģһҲеԣ֪ⲻǰǸŮǸĺʹһˣɱϾǣˮǸһԵ֣Ըıһ
ŮΪܿϾֻǳѣϲǰǸŮֻòϲˣһָо
û°ɣ
಻֪ˮ˼ֻ΢΢ĵ˵ʱˮѾƣϴ껻·ҲûС
С㣬ҿҽʲôллҡ
һˮϤͻȻ뵽ǰԼϵЬʱ龰һ뱧ܣǰźܶܶࡣ
࿴ˮˣܸӣҲһţ΢΢ܿĿ⣬ˮЦүɳѻ˵
˽֮أ˭ﶼҪõ
ˣҸлл㡣
ָ浾Ц
һѺ񡣡
ˮЦ˵
ʲôѣ
ƺҲǺܺ档
ܺõһѡ
Һܼܲ
ƺҲǺܺ档
ҿԶҲˣҵʧˡ
ˮ˵⻰֪ʲôо
Բ𣡡
û£ѾϰˣѾʮˡ
ˮ룬Ȼʮ˻֪û˵˵Լʧˡ
ŶǾǱҴöˡ
ǺЦ
ˮҡҡͷʵУǸŮԶͣǸ䣬Ϊļͣĸ׶Σû˵ǲĵġ
Ůӣˮȥ׷ǰǸŮˮһٷŹϧǰϾֻһѡ
ʱʹӾԶ֪ǣȴǱʶںϣ֪ǲһѵĿȫ
νӴҲϤˣ˵ҲɣڼŮһ˵Ҳɡ
үӿˮ̸ĺͶЦݸʢˣ֪Сҽǳ˵ԼҵѾͷƯҼѾͶԷ̫ˣҪѾͷҵˣеϣ

֮ˮ˺ܶಡˣ˵ҪЩģȻÿܵһҽ״һҽ
Ľźš
֪ˮĵλѾ˺λãõ¥Աǰ˺ܶ࣬ҡ˾ռļ壬Ȼҡ¼ҵȣˮѾǵҰС
ǸҵСѾͷһκˣ˿ĵĿˮŮǶΣ
ˮһ㶣Ц˵oСѾͷҺϲԸ⣬ҵûֻСһ˺ϲǡ


1328 ף龳ʲôʵؼ
޷ǲԸ⣬ϲٷֿΣСѾͷ̫࣬棬ҿܶƢϣoиùޡ
Ц˵
˵ϣû뵽˻ûɿڣǸСҹޣԼ˳ۣСѾͷҵԼĶӣԼĶӽΣǿԤһЩ˵۾Ҳ̫˰ɡ
үӣȻˣǾȶ°ɣίСѾͷˡ
ˮЦ˵
ίһ㲻ίҸˡ
˿ĵ˵
˾ˮڶ֪һʲô飬Ȼ֪ԼĳɾͻܴӦܴﵽɣԼŮҲвĳɾ֪ͣû飬ԼҲô״ﵽʵɣ
ˮóٺöǰСѾͷϴ跥СѾͷԼĶޣϣܺϵɡ
үӣʲôʵأ
ˮ˵Ҳˮˡ
СѾͷȥˣ

˸ɴ˵
ˮֻһͷֲ̫ˣֲԼѾ飬ңԶľе̫õҪﵽҪʱֲ̫
ǳߣǷݵĶڣݺͺҲǳڣһֱòŻع΢ЦĿ
ˣүӼЦˡ
ˮεЦЦ
ˮ㽫Իﵽ龳ġ
΢Ц˵ܿ϶
Ŷô϶Ҷе㲻ţү˵˵Ϊʲô𣿡
ˮ˵ɡ
ֱҲ˵
ֱӸˮ˵һĴ𰸣˵Ůֱ£𰸿Ҳ׼˵ֱҲǺܿµġ
ҹ˿ûߵĴڣ
ҹ˿ĶڣˮҲ֪ʲôʵһоɲ⡣
У̫ˣһǻòͻơ
΢Цſˮ
۷Ƕʵ
ˮƺͻȻʶ⡣
ʮҲʮе˴ﵽʮͲٴеǴﵽʮ޷ͻƵ龳磬Ȼֻǻû֮ǰﵽʮϵʵ
лүӣһ˼˺ܶ࣬⼸죬ҹ˿ƶȰɣ
ҹ˿ƶȣҪƶȣˣݵʵһжԼΪұɺûʲô𡣡
Ц˵
ˮûʲôʵѾҹ˿ʵһŵʶߣ֮٣Ӧõݳǻһɣҹ˿٣ʮʵһҲһЩʮʵӦú١
һͻ飬ʵͻȥﵽʮͰ֮Ĳ޷ݣʮ˺һëһʮʮʵ

һˮݲʮˣѾ죬û뵽ҽʳΪôҹ˿صҹһֱûнӴҹ˹ĻˮȻҹ˼ҽ
ҹ˿龳Ĵڣôҹ˼Ĵڣڵˮ˵ҹ˼Ҿһްԣҹ˼ܳΪҹ˿ĵһңƹҹ˿ǿʵߵ磬ȭͷ˵
ҡ¼ʲôģϺҹ˼Ҷҹ˿һĳң֮ŲСĲ࣬ţݵһ
ˮһûߣûʣҹ˿ߺٺ٣ٵʲô̶Ҳ֪پˣûҲҪˣ뿿ˡ
ڵҪǣˮܺҹ˼ߵýԤУҹ˼нӴӴҹ˹˵Ļ
ˮɲԴӦҲҪҽһҹ˼ҵˡ
ҴӦ㣡
뵽Щˮҡҡͷ׿Щ⣬㹻Ҷʲôģг㣬ΪҪݣؼҴ졣
ÿµĸ趨λÿʹһΣǼʮ죬ѾѮֻҪѮ¸ÿλֿʹˡ
ѻǿҽʦкʵãо޴ǱѻȻҲ÷ֹɷݾܱѻ
ڶλصݣȻûϴôе㼤ǰ붼ڳʵ˾ôףû죬о컹ѡ
صҵˮһۿ˫໹ݺӡ
ǻˡ
ˮһҾͿǣһ޶ˣ˫һѩȹݺҲֻ࣬ӹǷޱȣٻ֮壬ȻҪޣһȹ磬Ůˮһ㶣žǾϲ
ˮһ˲͵ߣһֱס˫һֱס࣬ܿɿǣȻסݺӡ
ݺ֮ͦ᫵ģڰǵʱϲϡͿľȻ˶ʮ꣬˫ҲڰʶģǸʱԼǿߣǿߡ
ݺ֮ǰˮס˫ʱһʹ˵ۣסһ˲䣬еһжʧˡ
ϴʵѾԼԼȷ˹ϵˮ뿪ˣҲٷ뿪ˡ
ܿҵҲˣСһ˳ϴβպһ£һ¶ˮĿһ»һˡ
˺ˮóʲôģɾȺõģǸЩСӵǰ˹̱Ԫ֮Ȫ
֮ȪҲˣһЩҩҺţݵʱҲõһЩʯ飬һЩݵòĶţݺͷݵõ١
رǷݣѻҩһղķᣬΪ¥ġˡƶȲֻҪǮҪҩݺ顣
ǮѻͲȱǿ˵Ǯ۵ġ
εϴ跥̱Ԫ츳͵춨ھºЩƵ˶´˽ơ
Ҳһε·֣ҲĹЧȻ֮ȪҲо޴Ĺϵ
һˮĵ飬ͨݡ
ɾͨʲôˣǿͶǿнߵʲôģһڿƳԼƵĸǿ󣬼ԼҽǸõա
ǿԴͨһҪѨͻѨ
һʱˮڰʵҩжȹˡ
ϳԷʱˮסЦſࣺʱ£ԷǸǿļ壬ʱСһﲻϵĻҲǿ󡣡
ˮ磬Ҳ̫С˰ɣҶûء
౴ȵ˵
ǼС۽ߣڵǲᳫôɻ飬ҲһȥĵطʱŮܶģˣ̲סʱɱĽˡ
ˮǺЦ
Сӣ˵ʲô
ҲǸоЦ
ЦˮСʱȽӴ˵ûǼء
ҲС˵ԻᣬοЩǵʵһֱȲٵ˵Ҷһ˵㲻ҪһǵӴúá
ˮǴ϶ʮֵľ츳ƣӺõ㣬ɣԼĻһʵˮһֱ׼ϣһƾԼĵҩҽıǡ
ڻˣ롢֮ȪеҩһǸ츳õ˵һ޴ͻƣҵʵܴﵽʦԪͿԴлᣬĴ
ϣʵĴΪдɾ͵˻ϿԹ̶ˡ


1329 ˫欣ڰ˵쾭ͨˣʵٴδ
ˮҵĵλȻǳȻģ֮ദǺ⣬Ҳˮ⿴ģϲͨ飬κʵ顣
û˵ֻҪԸȣҿԱ֤ǽõĻΪһǣҵӾ⡣
ˮЦ˵Ѿˣ˻ܶģȻǴ
Ҳųʧеã׷ʲôܶ඼ûи飬ʱǰ˫Ҫᣬѡ
ˮνҲᣬǿС˼
úãҵϣҵԼϲˣ⣬Ҫһһӵġ
Цɵ˵
ˮһ뵽ĸʵһֱڵǸˣ¶һҪҵȵԼʵȵԼӰˣܴϢ
ˮоǸӦòĬĬˣȻҲ˻ᵽȥߡ
֪İɣһʵʱǵߵĲΣأȻ˾ͲҪ
ˮоǰ˵ĻеţǼˡ
Թһڿ˵֣պܺãŮҲڣӵĺҲڣѾСţһһСӣĴѣк
겻󣬵һ𵱳Ӻ˲֪ٱɼ޸ӺԽԵýģû˿̬Խ
೤ĺƣ׳һֻСϻȴһɣ˵ӳĳ󣬶е㺩
ˮӵļµĹҲǺ㣬˿ԼĺӲ
ԡ໢ɽԡʯȣֻɽԲɻˣԺǸСŮҲֿˣһǸŮԶ뿪ˣԵ˺ܳһʱ䡣
Ĵ˲Ǻֻܶ࣬౴ŮӣѾˣڼ˵ֻһССļ塣
һֱϣһ֦ܿɢҶĴڻ㲻٣ˮѾˣҽ࣬ҲӺһŮɽҲӣһһŮ
Ҳˮģк裬Ů꣬кҲˣŮһࡣ
һһЩҵˣҹܼһĴڣܶⶼǰҴϾҵ١
Ѿ칬ˣ޼Ѿˣʱɲ׺ºүӻȥ˲ٵ

޺չûþͻȥ˯ˣ˺ܿģչҵԼĺˣȻԸˣʨҲˣгصĴʯҲûˣˡ
µҲ뿪ˣ˯ˣ༸ŮҲźˣܿʣļжȾơ
ˮ磬ݺ𣿡
Ȼ
Ů𣿡
ԺٺЦ
࣡
ˮЦ˵
ãҾٵȼ꣬ʱҪҸСŮˣ˿СƢ᲻
ڴ˵

һҶ軹ûϢһˣ֪ߵ˫ǰһƣˣˮֱ߽ȥ
һκϴβͬϾϸ²Ż
˫վڴ̨ҹӽǺܺãˮЦˣôʱ䲻ȥǰɣ
ʤѩ㷢磬һž欵ĵ欣͸һ鶯欣һʥһһһ֪ԻһڼҴʡ
ϴλ㲻ڣһҪ㣬˫ҵŮ˰ɡ
ˮ΢Ц߹ȥס֡
˫һҡͷ̫ΣˣôŮˣҪðգԶŮˡ
ˮЦˣ˵˫㲻Ů𡣡
ǸŮʳɫҲ˵ıԣȫ˶еģˮһ仰˫ɫˣͰԼŮˣϧ壬һͷѹһ£ҲԭԼġ
룬Ҳܡ
˫뵽ɫһ󰵵
ܺİܵһŮ֮䰮»ȻȻķϵҪ˵ҪҪҪǴУŮ֮ʥġ
˫㵣ĵ鲻ᷢǾʣѾԲ͸ҵģΪֻܺɷɵ顣
ˮ΢Ц˵
ĿˮɫͻȻýΣһӽıסˮģ
һ뿪ǣһ𡣡
ˮֱͦһЦ

˫ĺˮ·ɿȥѩ׷Ľˮǰˮ죬һ˱ֻɽǰ̽
̺ɢջѪţ㲻ϵĴˮıӣ̲סһںסһŷ۵Ķ㣬һֻȥ

ˮıǹһȵʪ󴦣ȣ˵Ǳȣֻһɱ̹ǵĸоرǿңǾʹֱ군ڷˮ߻ѵǸ߲εı졭
˲䣬ԶתʱˮҲǸ˫ˮܾþͽ̸ġ
ž
ûгˮϣͨһʮ쾭
ڰ˵쾭ͨˡ
ʮ쾭ͨ˰˵һɾտȻ𣬺ܾѸ뵽Уܿһɾ𣬽ͨ˫Ӵ壬Ѿ̱Ԫһθ˷츲صı仯
ܿ죬һɸǿ˫ϴ塣

һʱʱ䣬ÿξʱ׳뿪ʱһɾһֱǹɾ޴һΪڽ˵塣
˫ûüϲ˵ʲôˮȴǿʼˣһʱ䣬ʴǵĽ
һֱҹͣ˫Ҹķˮؿڿ

˫ţһ޵ɬĽе
⡣
ˮıĸɽһ
˫֪ԭô飬ֲ㾭ͽ
˫ˮɬ˵
ǰļֱͦӵˮǰȻסҡҷһ㣬͵һֱ˫̱

˫˯ˣˮȴ˯žڰ˵쾭ͨˣĵ쾭ͨ˴ﵽһСɾһ㣬ʵ˺ܶࡣ
εڰ˵쾭ͨˣʵͬҲ˺ܶ࣬ϴĵʱӵ̫ˣټ˫ޣҲ˫ʵֱ˶
ʵѾﵽ㣬ʱıʵӵĺҲ֪Ϊ˫޹ͽķоеƣԼĺʵֻҪһ㣬ʵͻӺ߲ܶ࣬ʵǽ𵤡޺ȣ뵽Ҳ͹ƽˣѾ˳Ϊˡ
˵쾭ˮڻɲֻŮͼϵŮйϵŮͼϵŮˣˮܸп˫׺¡ħ𡢵㡢䡢̡
ŮҲͨһ쾭жǲŮͼϵŮӡ


1330 ٻ֮ȫѣڶŽǣž
ôͨ쾭жϣʮŮͼѾȫҵˣܸоûô򵥣һҲͲˣ˳ȻԼҲܼȫʮŮͼŮ
˫εõĺô߾ϵĵһﵽ˹ʦţݣɷҲǹʦݣʦ㹻ɨˡ
ѵΪŮͼϵŮӣΪԼʵԭ˫ﵽʦ𣬶лһصее죬ӦԭһǾʣʵɿﵽһֲٶȡ
һˮûпĿƣڲǻУԺƾĺ촩ھݲǺѡ
֮ǰȻûк˫쿴ǺϲСӵģ޹ˣԼ˾׵ˣҲиҲ

Ҫ԰
ƿˮܹ
ˮһѱסѾͷ𼱣ڰһͺá
Һܶ࣬ҳҲˮɾࡢꡢϺз֮࣬ɾڷֳ⣬ҪˮرСƶҪŲˡ
ǳҲ˼ڼﳤյʱãƽʱԣǰõģûˣϴζ£ÿ¶ҪͷˣһôҲ԰ˣϾǺܿ͹۵ġ
ģϴ跥̱Ԫ˾ȥɾϢ˳ҩʱĲ֪Ĺ˺ü졣
ҲܴС̱Ԫϴ跥һΣһǿͶǿߵǿǵȶǼ֮Ȫ;ļǿ棬Чرĺá
⼸ϣ˵һ֮⣬ʣµÿ϶ڼ䱼ϳҹϢͬߣ֪ڻʱüŮǶǽŮˣѾ֪ˡ
ϣˮԥһÿݺӵķš
˯µݺһ˵ĶˣֻеˮЦˣôҡ
ţ£
ˮ߽ȥš
һˮܵݺӿ죬ȴû˵ʲôֱֱĿ
ˮЦЦ˵˵ɣ
꣡
žΪ˺˵˵
ݺֺֺЦ˵
ȥ˵òá
ˮ˵
ˮ㵽װҷʲôλã
ݺʧ˵
ˮһԱߵɳʵڰǣǸʱҾϲ㣬ֻҵСʵһֱҶûǹ㣬Ͷ˵ĻһܣʹֱϴΣ㣬Ҳ֪ЩһЩ飬ͻȻҸðץС
һֱϲ㣬ȴԶо׷ĽŲڻĸоˮ˵Ҹô
ݺӿˮϲûһ˿ʧ䡣
Ҫ׷ʲô
ˮ
ǰɣ
оùңһиоһΪܴܡ
ˮЦ˵
㣡
ݺİˮһۡ
ãоܰҾܳΪ𡣡
ˮִŮˡ
Ҳ֪ʵҲ뿪ˡ
ݺ֪ˮѾѴ󲿷ֵˣҲ
ݽ㣬ǲǵڰǵӡ
ǵãǸСɫǣͻ뷨ռұˡ
ݺǵƺܻ
ˮһѰԼݺӷһֻеɬĿˮ
ݺ͵ס죬һһֻֽıסˮĲӡ
ݺӣҵŮˣҵŮ˰ɣˮ̧ͷŽεŮˡ
ţ
ӱзһ΢
ݺӺٸҲǷһЩȴһδµŮӣ޹ˣϧǸûиݺԲ
ÿŮ˶ÿŮ˵ϣиԵʣиԵŮζݺӴ󵨵Ŀڽ·ˡ
ʮ꣬ʶʮˡ
ݽ㣬ûˡ
ˮ˫ְɽˮһĶһ˵
㣬ûûһöٻһǻ㣬˵ⱲӳҲίˡ
ݺӱסˮ˵ᶨ
Щίˡ
ǸĻҲоԺοһˡ
仰Ǻܴ󣬱ˮһƲסļʪĻС
ٴת
䣡
ʶз·ըһ㣬쾭ûͨˮȵʶеĶһŽǣʶֱ׳һ
һӸоʶ飬ʶܸܵĶǴŸԵ֮ǰڰ׵ģǲɫʶǿı仯
һҲҪ仯ˣӦÿɾž˰ɣ
ڻЩʱΪʱݺӱ仯巢貵ĹΣҷ˺ö໨䣬ÿ䶼һǾ֮ڿУȻһݺ壬һɾȻˮݺ֮䡣
ٻ֮ȫˣ
һֱֱ仯ʧȴǷˮѹ£Žգ˫ֳˮţҡһ̷·綼ҡˡ

䰲ˣҲһ㣬һҪˣݺȴǾܺãˮȻҲ˵һ˵һЩܵĻʱĴЦ߼
ˮҪչˣҵȫѣʦҵİٻˡݺû˿˵
ŶǺ¡ˮЦ˵
û뵽ҲԾʣʵ󡣡ݺɬо˵
ԺͶ
å
ղſ˰Ƶġ
˵˵ݺ߼
ݽ㣬㶼Ҫչˣ԰ɣˮ˵
ݺӾߡ
òãССԸɣˮҧĶ
ݺǷѩΣչˮǰ

ڶһ磬ݺӱչˣ
ˮž֮ǰ۶ôŬ޷ľžھȻ˳֮ǰһֱһǣھڵ³ֵĽǡ
䣡
ʶռеٴˣǾĺ󣬴ˣȻҲʹˣҾžˡ
žˣͰ˰ʧˡ
žǳģ߲ʵӶʮʵʱǳԶʮһһֻһǽͲˣľһ幥ӾıԣӡĽѪٵԣԶתģġ
ˮдãû뵽һλʵȻô࡭ʮ쾭ͨ˰˵һݺӵİٻ֮Ȼþ˷츲صı仯
ˮľʹô֮ӡʱԴﵽĹϷļʣǹԴﵽֲİ֮ࡣ
ɽĹﵽ˽幥һǧļʳǺ;ɽһϧɽûзļʣȴȶ巭ʵĹɽϧѾܾûˡ


1331 ׻Σ񼼣ҹ˹
ʵˮرĿģصҶ̶̵ļʵ˺üһˮоǰһǰоǲԽĸɽڸоƺһ·ֻҪԼŬһԴﵽ
ֻҪﵽ쾳Կ߾磬ˮٿǴﵽ龳Ҫʲô׼ҪʲôĵرֻҪﵽϹǿİͿˡ
ˮĲ²⣬ӦǴӷڵĻϲģֻû뵽ôǿ󣬻˵ΪŮ
˫Щ߲˫ޣһһܵӰ죬˫ӣǿڴ˵񼶵˫Դ
ӦǴ˵׹ˮĶ࣬õĺôǾ޴󣬾ŮҲǵõ˲ɹĺô
ѾԵõˣֻʮŮͼĻݺӱųΪûܴͨʮ쾭ȴǾһŽǣþõ˾޴ı仯
ʮŮͼѾȫˣֻɫϵľɫװŮˣˡ
ˮͤУǰ磬ǶȥչصıչأһˮǴһξ޴Ļ뵽⼸ݿǸжûк飬Ǹжû־
ɷֳ߽֮
ƶ˺ͺ˹ƻ֪˭أŮˮ﷢㶾˹һֱͤʱˮŷŮ
ŮٴͤС
ʲôأô񡣡
΢Ц˵
ôŬ˼Σ֪ܻܲϡ
ˮЦſ֪ŵŮˡ

һ䣬ɫе죬뵽һ龰ϳѪȡ޶ȣſ֮ܶ˵ƻԡ
ƶ˿ɫҲԾϺˣʱˮҲÿͺ˵Ľ̬̲סЦԺ緢һоԼޱȵ㡣
ָ뿪˰ɣ
΢ָЦʵ
ţһ¿ԻһΣǰöˣһֱǴߣǾͿԲ÷ֿˡ
ţܿˣΪǻʮʮ겻ܼء
ƶҲǿĵ˵
Ϊ˫޵ԭˮŮʵܿ죬㲻ŮͼϵҲӵĺܿ죬ƶˡ¸¥ǾǱŮͼϵŮҲѷɫ٣һļˡ
ҵĴˮҲģڵСҲܳΪʵߣҪҵͶ
Ǹһǿˮоĸ׺Ĳܴôˣǻ仯ģ֪ǲһۣԼʲôʽȥԣ
һ죬ˮĺӡŮһ飬һ˹ɫŮˣŮˣСһŮкҪ٣ڤڤѾԿɾû⡣
СͷԵСţһȻСˮȴѾȷķ塣

֪ˮصѾһܶʱˣҵֱʹķ޴Ҫȥţݿȥﶼرķ㡣
һûΣҹ˹¥ƾĿԶˮߵʱ򣬲תЦ˵ˡ
ţʦ壬ʲôأ
ˮվڴڿޱߵأͻȻƺıƽ
ʵӵĺܿ졣
ҹ˹迴ˮʵ˵
ˮеƣߣҸɷɡ
ˮ£ִļϣʮָ̧Ȼһۻҵٶ£УǼһ
ʦ壬ҽ似ɣӦúʺϣҸܵһصӦÿԷӳµ
ˮĦʱܵġ
Ŷʲô似
ҹ˹ƺҲǺܺ档
Σ
ã
˵ˮŮߵɳ̲ϣ̨̺读ڱչأҹ˹˵һξȻһϡͿĳ־磬ûţŲʵǿȥ
·ϻһЩصˣ壬ʦʦҩʦҽʦʦȶпΪһڵĳڡ
ˮһߣȻûͣﵽ㾳磬̫һ˵һ߲䷳Ľδӿʼʽʵһֻɫľ޻
޾磡
ˮѾﵽ޾磬δȥһֻһֻͻһ㡣
һֱˮ֮ͣŮ˲ſʼĶˮȴǴˡ
ȻʲʺΣرԼĻΡ
ĶȻΩΩФһһµٶţˮʶԸܵŮѾ˻ε

Ҳ֪ŮȻһȭһֻ޴ѩ񻢳ǰɢɢϢ
׻Σ
ˮֻͨ׻ȻȻˡ
׻۳ɣʵ˵һģ֧ʱһӣʶ֧䣬ģ㹻ǰᱻɢ
Ůǰ׻תˮĿ۵ֻʮ״Сİ׻ʱ䣬ŮֱԼ̸ĻΡ
ŮǺ·γһ㣬Ȼٴۣһֻͬİ׻ߡ
Ŀǰֻͬʱ۳ֻ׻ûмʱ䣬ÿһֻ׻Ҫȫʵһɡ
ҹ˹ϲĿˮ
Ҳֻܰѻ磬˶ܡ
ˮеĽԼҲá
ʵԼҲ֪ôǰ˵·һΡ
ҹ˹ƺŬ롣

ˮЦ˵
лл㣬似˵ˡ
ҹ˹˷ܵ˵
ʦ壬ţûʲô°ɣ
ˮЦʵ
ûУİɣڣõˣﲻǷݺݡ
ţʦ壬ҹ˿ҹ˼ңҸô
ˮʵ
ɱɱǰҪȫûдﵽ۷岻Ҫҹ˼Ҷ֡
ҹ˹˵
֪֪ҹ˼Ĵڡ
ˮЦʵ
ֻ֪Ҫҹ˼ҵΣգû˸Ҿ龳ڵġ
ҹ˹ƽ˵
ˮҹ˹ĻҲͷˣЦ˵ʦҹ˼ҵ𣿡
ҹ˹迴ˮһỺ˵ǣǲǸоΪʲôһҹˣ
ˮͷû˵
ĸǱҹ˼ҵ̣ģȻ֮ģĸ׵ҹ˼ҵһ˾ȵãֻҹ˼ҵһּ֮ˣϲĸףĸ׻лȢΪޣҳǸ֪Ҿɢˣɱ˸ףĸҲˣɱģΪһҶˣֻȻףҵȴģڵҹ˼ҵա
ҹ˹˵￴ƽˮܸܵɱ⡣
ֲۣҪǿ׳Цֲòٷݡ
ʦ壬ңһԼˣܿġ
ˮ֪ɱǸҲǲһ˿Ϊ飬ֻкޣĸǱ̣֮һˣˣӦǧС
ϴŮ˵ҹ˼ҵʱͲµҹ˼й£û뵽ģʵǸ嶼Уÿ嶼һҹ˹ˡ


1332 ᣬһͻƣص
ҹ˹ˮĻĵЦˣǰûģˣлл㣡
ʦ廹úҿ˵ĻԵϾҵĻε﷢˱仯ʵҲܿġ
ˮЦ˵
ҲԣմҺܴı˵ģҪҸŮ˺òãҲˣҲҡ
ҹ˹迪ĵЦˡ
ϲϷˮоСְȫУעܼˣǿͷϺҲûʲôŮˣԼҪ˭
ҹ˹뵽һᣬǺܿ뷨ΪõһõİοŮǸӦģαôء
ð
ˮҲ֪ʲô֪ܾܾŮˣΪԭģв
Ҽ졣
ҹ˹Цʵ
ҾҪ뿪ˣҰһʵɣ
ˮó룡
ǿͶǿĹЧκʵģҾʵ͵ʹ˺ʵߵһģΪʵ͵һܳʱ䣬츳ͨԭϵĵҩͨͻѨǿҩ
룬Ͽߺܶ࣬ټϿȹ̱Ԫϴ跥һ£
һھ͵˺ҹˣҹ˹ʵֱͷʵȻˮУе⡣
Ҵ󲿷ֵ˶ٲֹһʵʵԵ˺ܶ࣬ҹ˹ʵһǺгɾ͸еġ
ҹ˹ֱţҪ֪ţǿʵŶ٣֪ڷӵҪĵرҩ
ҽʦҩʦҽﵽһʲô̶ȣܵԼһʵƺջ񣬶Ǳܺ͸һָо¥ĵػ˺ö౶ȵ¥˼ջҪֻҪػ̣¥ߣػ̣¥ĸ߶ȡ
ˮḺ́Ԫе񼼡
ˮȥϴ裬ȥɣ
ҹ˹Цˮ˵ֱ¥ȥ
ǸԡͰֻˣˮ࣬棬ˮﵽĿ˳УȴƮһЩ꣬סˮߣֵ龰Ѫ
ǰķӯ븡ˮϣһƬ굲ס֮ǰ㣬֪ǹģǸպá
ˮ˫źţҹ˹᲻ʱСĽģˮ峺׵ˮһǹ
ܣ
ҹ˹ɫ΢һһֱˮ
ˮһѩоԽĹͣŮʱҲƺһ˾ˡ
ŮƺһüһΪˮӲȻһ糤Ƚ뵽һʵȵλá
ͥ
ˮ뵽ԽļӲˮУԻ壬ٴν磬Ĵӿзһĺ
ҹ˹һߣԺǿ̲סһֻ۷סˮĲӣȻ󻺻ӳȥֱӺܲ
ŮϵܵĽӴ𣿡
ҹ˹Ҳû뵽ᷢ飬ϷģְһΣֻû뵽ȻӦʱѾˣοˣºʲôȻԡǲ֪飬ҴвЩһЩ鼮ҲУܶŮΪȡˣпڡ֡Сأǹ뷿ֻ֣֮֮ǰûЩҲûû뵽ͻȻˡ
Ůˣܡ
ˮһϧԼʦ忴ǿŮˣʵǸܿŮˣųԼʲô˵̸á
ˮԼŮˣû˵ܸоʱˮйУȻǺ棬оӵİ
ˮûرĿƣʹˣǰʱ⾰Ů֮Ҳʹ󵨵ĻˮҲֻļΡ

ˮҹ˹ղڴϣǰ飬оҹ˹ƺƽܶ࣬ҲһСŮ˵ɫ
ΪŮһ
诶ʲôʱأ
ˮʵʵʲôʱأ֪Ůǲ֪Լҹ˹飬о֪һ㣬֪ʲô̶ȾͲ֪ˡ
ǲǵǺҺ֮飿
ҹ˹迴ˮʵ
ˮҡҡͷǣľͲˡ
ҺʦͽʵҲֻǸѣ˽ﶼǺ㣬ǵ似ĴڣһĪҪҽʦ
ҹ˹Ц˵
诶ƺƺס
ʲôƺǣʵҲһֱңΪƺкøУû뵽ҵĻΪʵ
ҹ˹Ц˵

ʦ壬ʱʵӦûѸٵԸԿʵ֡
ڶˮҹ˹û˵ԼǸǿŮˣ˻ΣֻҪʱѣַʽõġ
ҲģҪСģţ㲻õģһչ˵ġ
ҹ˹֪ˮʲô
ӻ֣ˮʧϺˮϣ

һݣеֻƽȻʩչУܿͳǱĳһ¡
ǰͣݻ޳ЩҪģҪźܶͨˣرĶ࣬ﶼͨ˶࣬ҹ˿Ҳˡ
ҲеסǷֻǸ֮ǲӵׯ԰е¥ֻӵׯԺ¥һ䵽䣬ǰĴլԺҹͬӵһׯԺ
ӣǰҲ̫ˣѻѸٵϡҩֱˮߵʱſ
ϵܻˡ
ѻܾϲˮ뿪Щʱ䣬оеһˮ͸о˺ܶࡣ
ţϸ磬Ȱǿ
ˮļ룬ٶȿˮн룬еֻҪͿˡ
õҽҽǱҽβŷϻͯġ
ҽ
һɣҽҽҽֱԲ˵βûǮҲΣǮҲΣֻ˲ŲΣǮûǮ
ûǮôҽҩѣ
ʲô˵ˣҽ˵ˣҪ˼ۣҪۣǰβ˲ҪּۣǮ˲Ҫ˵ȫͬΪʲôǮһ˲ҪǮҩеҪóҲŸβ
ҽߣҲֻҽҽ֮

һֱڣ˲ɢȥˮѻꡢһ¥ȥˣ֮ǰҴˣϾεļ룬벻ֶѡ
ϸ磬Щûзʲô°ɣ
ˮ߽¥ʱʵ
ûУһãһҪȼ㡣
ѻЦ˵
Ŷô˵˵ҽˡ
ˮЦ˵Ҳܲ³Ϊѻ⡣


1333 ҩңҩȥҹ˼ҵ
ҽܺãǿܶࡣ
ѻǺǵЦ
ѻĻˮ̫ţϾѻӵľȷ׼ȷĲֻ֢׼ȷĶ֢ҩӵ°빦ҽǺǿҲһҽʦٲ
ϸǫˣֻ꣬ҪѧҽļģĲ˵ǰǿü
ˮЦ˵
ţѾоˣҾѾˡ
˵ѻر˷ܡ
һԿѻٿˮҸ΢ЦΪˡԼóԸΪѻӣǾ͸޺ˡ
ˣ𣿡
ˮǿǲҹ˿ǵˡ
һҽҩҵˣҩҽҩңеҽʦҩʦܶ࣬ҹ˿ǵ֮ĵһҽҡ
ѻ˵ҩ档
ŶôǿΪʲôҪأ
ˮĲˡ
˵ôõļҪҽҩңԼҷչҪðɣοҩҿǶŵһƺŵҽң˵ǲģһЩԭ
ǵճȻҽϧҩҿ˵гͷĻᣬŻ߳ǲһ·
Ŷ뿴ܲݵ䣿
ˮоҪ
ϵܴһЩɣᡣ
ѻ˵
֪ͨɣҽõʸ񡣡
Ѿ֪ͨˡ

ûµˮɾһ鷨ʯĺͻյһʱʱҲˣʯƺҲûж
ͨ鱦ٴһˮѧϰٶȿ˲٣;ƺҲƿرǾ壬Ѿﵽ˾ż磬֪ûеʮ磬Դ
̷󣬾Ź
ˮʱ䣬ҪĶҲرĶ࣬æµжȹҪһЩõĵҩƾƣ˳⿡
ݹε֮ӡﲻ֪ûпģ֮ѾԲڽչܲͻƾͿ컯ˡ
չҲǣǺѵġ
ǧǼŽģ˵״ҲǲսرԽԽ޴
ʹΪ˱ǽԭֻǹߣ޷սˮֻΪ˶
ˮи뷨ϣԼҲܷӳЧһ
ֻǸ뷨ܲУȷ

ڶһԷʱ򣬾ʹһϲ£ˡ
ˮ㣬ԼƵڻûһ£Ҳˣˮû뵽ô죬ʶϸܸܵһǿʢһȽССȻĺӡ
ϲϸˣ
ѻϲϴˮ뿪ǰͰˣ˵ˣȻкҲȢΪ޵ġ
磬ûжҩҵǸҽʦˣˮ¥ˣǸˣӢͦεģ͸һŵϢ
֣λʹҽɣҩȥ΢Ц˵⣬һ˫۾ˮƺе㻳ɡ
ˮҩֱӺְɡˮкѻʾҶˡ
Ҿֱ˵ɣˮֵҲҪ˵ֱ뿴ֵܵҽĻһáҩȥżɽ˵
ز⣬ɣҪңҲҪ㣬ǲ˫ɣˮ֪ҩȥе񣬵޷ܡ
ãǰĻеֱ¡
޷⣬ֻҪб£ֱʮû⡣
ˮЦ˵
ҩȥͷôأ
ˣɡ
ˮʾ
ҩȥ˵ðɣһ缲֪ܲܿܲƣ
ˮЦˣҩκԼ𣿡
ҩȥεЦЦܣ
ҽ߲ҽǺܶҽߵͨҽ޷ԼļҽҲ
Σ˥Сֻ˵֮ģÿ¶ҪʥĹ
ˮֱ˵˳
ѻҲԺ׵ϳϧҲ޷ҽΣȻѧˮģϧûо֮ϹԼ룬ټԭЧҲֻаٷ֮һٷ֮ʹɺǿˡ
𣿡
ҩȥҲ⣬Ϊˮѻһˮ֪Լ֢״һҲ֣Ҫ֪ܲΡ
˵أ
ˮЦ˵
Ρ
ΪʲôҪΪΣ
ҿΪԼβһӦá
ҩȥеڴ˵Կⲡĥ
ˮҡҡͷԳΪõҽʦ
㻹ûпңΪʲôô˵
ҩȥɫһ䣬е㷢˵
Ѿˣϧ㲻ϸ񡣡
ˮվ˵Ҫ뿪
ҽ㿪ɣôܰƣ
ҩȥĳƺҲˡ
Ҫҩңܸ𣿡
ˮͷҩȥ
Ҹ㣬ҩʲôҲ㡣
ҩȥ˵
ȻʲôҲ㣬ΪʲôãΪǿãӣ
ˮ˵ɺ
ϲˣһʼͲϲһ˰ڲԼλãʵҩȥΪβκ˻ȴҩҡ
ңӡ
ҩȥֱӹ˵ϣ֪κĲʥĹҲֻάʮʱֻʲôҲ¡
ˮϰ߱˹ֱӱܿȻҩȥ㻹ʮԪɣκ㣬ʮĹˡ
ˮڲƣʮҪҪ಻ˮҲǿҩȥѡˡ
ҩȥ·Ϊõһ̣ȴǿ԰β̡
ˮûʲô˼ʮ꣬ĥһ˵ˣҲҽʦһһģȴǳΪ̣Ʋ֪ʮԸıһˡ
ѻˮû˿
ϸ磬ʮҩһģ𣿡
ˮЦ˵
ţ
ѻ϶˵

ˮ¥ķ䣬̨ͨ深磬֪ʲôʱΣдû뿪Լ˵ǸΣħħԼҪﵽ龳硣
һҶȥǸʲôطݻţݻݣ
ͷˮ޵õܴﵽʲô̶ȣһҶܴﵽһʲô̶ȣͻȻƺѣŮһʾѣٰ֪ǾһҪʱ䡣
ʮ꣬ʮԼؼʮ꣬ҲԼӹؼʮ꣬ҲҺ˹ؼʮ꣬ʮ֮ԼܲԼأ
أ
ѻ˽ˮ㣬ҹ˼ҵˡ
ҹ˼ֻˮһʲôʲôô졣
ͷˮȥҪҹ˼ʲôˣϣҪԼ


1334 ҹ˼үӵٳǿ
ҹ˼ˮе㵣ĵģϾӵһ֮صǿ壬ݵһ൱ݵһ֮ҪǷݡ
ҹ˹ûк˵ĻҲûʲôֻһһҪǾҹ˼ҵҲûʲôϾκβûԼ˵㣬ҹ˹ԼҪҹ˼ҵˣԼεöԷͿˡ
ˮѻ߳䣬Ĵˣ˵ѾӵıԵһЩʱͻᲽС
˴ɫۣǷˮҲûϸһǿߵƻһλߵϢ
ˮˣ˵Ҳվ϶ƵЦݣҽλҽɣΪĽ
ˣҹ˼ҹ˿ǵ壬֪Ľλء
ˮЦ߹ʾ
ˮʲôˣҩȥ͵ġ
Ҳʾˮѻ¡
ҹ˶ֳҹ˶ѡ
˵һͷɫͷең޷Զһ㡣
ˮһ㶣ֺиԣҹ˼ҹ˹ǹֱģһǶֱҹ˹һСģʵϺֱ˺ܶ࣬ҹ˼ǳ壬˶ࡣ
֣֪λǰʲô£
ˮЦŻص
Ҿֱֱ˵ɣҹ˼Ҹоҽʵ㲻ҪæžܾҰѻ˵㿪ֻҪҹ˼Ҷᾡ㣬ǺҲ˵㣬⡣
ҹ˶΢Ц˵
ôĿԼϧԼںûκȤȻ˵Լ̸̸ʱԼûкҹ˼Ҳᱻҹ˹췭ظɡ
ܼ򵥣ҵһˣֻҪҵˣǾ飬˵ǰ棬ҲҲҽߣ˵飬ҲָʹǸֻӦһΪǾһˣۻ죬żǰ
ˮЦ˵
ˮĻѻ껹һΪˮֱӾܾģû뵽ˮܣʲôҲû˵
ֻҪڷݣҾܰҵҪҵˡ
ҹ˶˵
ֻ֪ݣһڷݣôһ𣿡
ˮЦ˵
ҹ˶΢΢üͷû˵
ŶʲôˣʲôûУ续񡢴١ʵ
ˮóĻݹȥˣӦûĺǿǿⷽ֡
ĻˮǺģһˣ⻭ҹ˶֪ˣӦòøΪԼ
ҽ񡣡
ҹ˶Ц˵
ѪԵ˵ҸýףҴûмҲҪ
ˮûĸо˸оǳһ㣬˸оеΣ֪Ļô˵
Ҳ飬ֻҪܰҲ鵽ϢپС
ˮѵһŵģһʵԼļ壬˻ܰ£ȫ
ãҴӦҽģҹ˼Ҫҽ֣֪ڷ𣿡
㣡
ˮЦ˵֪ҹ˼ҲΪˣû취ɷ죬ο໥á
ҽүӵٳҲүҪҽΣ֪ܲȥһ¡
ҹ˶΢Ц˵
ˮͷȻүӴ٣Ҿȥһΰɡ
ҹ˼ұϾͷˮڻԵֿҲ뿪ȻҪ棬Ǿˣһҹ˼бQ˼졣
ҹ˶ҹ˶뿪ˣҹ˼ҵүӴ٣ҹ˼үҪҽΣ֪ҹ˼ҵǲүӣоǵļʺС
ˮǰȥиԭ򣬿ԴһԼҪȥҪߵȥǸ˶֪ԼĴڡ

ڶˮѻȥĲ磬һֱٽʱʮһ㵽һʱʱŵҹ˼ңʱҹ˼ѾǺܶˣҲɽ˺˶ݵˡ
ҹ˶ҹ˶Ѳ֪˶ٴΣֱˮֵʱһǰ˶֪ҹ˼ڵһصĿˡ
ˮ֣ҹ˶ҹ˶ѻҹ˼ҵһЩ˸Ͻӭȥˮжһ̣ŽһȾ
ˮЦźҹ˶˴кһֱߵ۵λãǵλãи͵ܲϣ΢Цɽһ㡣
ҹ˼ҵүûվվʱ˸оӦãҹ˼ǰѾǸˮˡ
ףүӸ綫ٱɽнн񳯣ˮ΢Ц˵Ž̷ҹүǰϡ
ҽ˰˿Ц
ˮ֪˵ԼļӴ󣬲ΪȻЦүȾө£ǰм˶һߣˣôҾõˣСλǸ
ҽ֮Ȼ飬ҽٳпһ죬֪ܲܰ
΢Цſżɽ˵
ˮһ㶣Ц˵ǰҼȻѾ˵ˣүнн񳯣ǳ棬ÿֻʱԣÿһ룬һӳһԪ
ҹүˮĻȻѾµǳ棬ǶôĿţҲûж죬ڿԳһ¡
ҹүӻҿһŸӵĴ룬ѩ׾µĴһֻķˣŴɸǣСһˡ
۾һҹ˼ĳϣһֻȻ˸оԵĹΣȻҲҽóйϵ
˻򿪴ɸǣʱһɸպõƮͬʱƮ㣬ֱúܶ˴סˣϾȥ޵ļ룬ҲһЩóԹûڵĳǳ棬ݵλ
㣡
ҹүӶ̲ס̾һ䡣
ҽⳤô棬ΪʲôЩء
ƽ˵
үӳһβ֪ˣүܸṩ㣬Ҿܶ
ˮЦɵ˵
ֲˣȻҪ㡣
˿ˮĿͬˡ
֪ⳤԳԶ룬ܲһֱȥ˵гͿһֱ𣬺οóÿֻʹ޵һѾʹùˡ
ֻ֪ٿʮ꣬ٶҲ֪ܲܡ
ˮ϶
¶Цݣͷ
˳Եĺܿ죬ʮʱ䣬һ볤꣬һδķ룬Ȼ۾ƺڼһ
ܶ˶ǺĿţţڵҹүӶڳ˵ûжãҹү۾ˮö˵İ취
үӵǱѾˣõĵرѾļ޿ˣʱҲΪҵҽͻƣģұ֤ʮھԿٰҵҽʮ֮ھԿͻƣõĻֻҪʮ֮ڵʱ䣬ϣܴ󡣡
ˮ˵ѻҲ죬ھóҹ˼˩סҹҲԸԼûԼôõһ֪ǲܵģȲҲ档
һˮ˵״ʱ뵽ˡ


1335 ʷ䣬룬׿
Ȼ֪˵ˮаתϾ˵Լƿأ֮ǰҹ˼һвԼ֪龪һˡ
ˮҹ˲ͬǣ̨µˣҹ˵Ļ˵ĺˣйЧĻʱֻҪгʮԪ
ʮ˵ֻ˵٣ʱ˵ʮ꣬ʮꡢ궼رûδ˵Ըʱ
ˮ˵ʮ꣬ʱҽͻƣʱӸʱ䣬ٲ˵Ȼҹ˼ҵȥԣҪľ뷨ҽùϵ
ˮûдӣϾôʱܶ˶ԹˣôˣҲûô
ˮĿĲӣֻһֶζѣԲܶ˳ۣܴ˳ˮһС̳÷ơ
÷ٴδһ䶯õľһӾҹ˿ˣɲǶܺȵõġ
ҹүӺܿģû뵽֮껹ܳٵôóԵĶȵôúȵľƣʳԶʳڵһλɼʳҪ
þƣ֪ҽ಻ࣿ
ҹүʳĻҲеʧ˼͵ĺ಻࣬ʱҪһ
Ҫʱ̫ⶼǧ÷ƶɣٷǧζⶫѸ㡣
ˮû˵ġ
ҹүӺγ֪ȻݻðʳЩ
ûж٣ү̳ⶫȶ˻񫣬үԺȱľƣԻٺȵãϾһе㲻ʵ
ǾͶлҽˣʱˣɣ
һҹүӾƣǸԻеȥҹ˼׽еֱϵˮҲ֡
ˮûк˹ֵ׽ҲûԶҪһҽ˭붯ԼҪԼҽš
ˮû̫ñҹ˼ҵ˸ǣҹ˼˼Ҳֻʽˮܿлѻ뿪ˣܺҹ˼ҳΪѡ
ˮǰףٵ˺ٿ;˳ģʲôҪ飬ȻһֱֻһЩĸСףٵʱ̻ῪŵʱǰתһȦöԷܳСĸǿףһ㶼
ҹү۷ĴڣȻоȷеʵ֪ߣҹ˼ҾҲġ
ˮ֪ҹүӵʵʮʮʮʮ֮䡣
뵽ԼʵһΣҲ벻ʵУҪԼһҽʦݣˮڵʵʮʵҲû̫Ѵ

ʱһΣµʱȥˡ
һж˳Ҳûʲôͻƣ޻һֲٶţˮѾٴγһ飬ǽʵ̫࣬Ҳ൱ɹˣˮҲûм
ˮĵѰʷﵽҩޣɾʲôҲһֲٶţˮҩ䣬ֻоеҩЧֻҪҩЧܴﵽͿԡ
Ѱûб䣬ôĿɰٶȸˣϬˣͬʱʷʱһʷ䣬֮ǰͬЩʷһֵˮоӦúʷΪҩйϵ
ȻЩСʷ䲻ҩޣӦޣҽҩ޵ķιֹˣЩˮ˾塣
ˮôҪЩСʷΪǿޣǳΪ䣬ˮһֱоԼϢǸЩʷΪԼĶĿ
Ҳʷˮ֪ģˮһЩ鱨ˣ뿴ʷ˵ϾЩСλ֪
֮Խ޾ǿͨ飬ԣȻû˵ôĳһŸõǱ
඼Ⱥб䡢ϣй䡢ϣȻҲи鱨ϣˮѵһʷеʷ䡣
ֻǻҪʱ䣬ɾӦòöãͷ񣬲֪Ϊͷ仹ԭͷһַ䡣
롢롢綾롢롢롢˿롭
ˮЩϲΪЩرڴڵƽһĴ磬͵ϮԽѸٵĲĿڣǸҲԣҲǴֲġ
綾īǲһʵĺԱ޶ѷɫϲ޿Աȵġ
룬ƣԳܿµĹһ޴Ⱥ˿סˣǾֻ·һ
룬̾ٶ˲һ㣬ҪĿľǴ϶ǿʽĹȱȽϷ
˿֣ûбس³˿ޱȣһ˿ʮȻͷ˿һࡣ
ЩĶͷ볤֮µģҲˮоܺͷйϵΣЩº¡
ʱԼһ֧ӴҲԡ
Ѿȫ棬ֹҹ˿ǵĶ֪õĴڣҹ˿ط⿤ǰˮҲԽԽ
ˮ£ҽߵĺôһû˻ᰵɱȻųͬеİɱʺСΪС뷨и
һǿҽܻƥǿʵػҹ˼Ҿˮĺϧҹ˼һûҵϢ
ˮ⣬֪ңΪòûб䲻֪ǲǻǵǰҲ֪Զҹ˼Ҳûб̫ϣ
ϸ磬֪𣿡
󲿷ʱˮôţûоЩʲôģȻҲῴһЩģѾµУѾʼˡ
ţ񿤵ƿߣһҹ˿ǿĿҲҹǿɡ
ѻ겻֪ˮΪʲôͻȻʵš
أҹ˿Զ𣿡
ˮû뵽ǿ󣬿ˡ
ҹ˿֮һ׿
׿׿Σ
ˮоԼһֱһЩڡ
׿һĴڣȻݵݳеԶҲûݳǣȴûܺ׿ĴڣҲǺ֪׿ʵǿݺ˸ȥ׿
׿ǿĳһʵǿأˮʵ
׿׳׿Ŀǣ׼һԶŴм壬״׼ʢ˥ܺ׼ڷݻ治Ǻܶࡣ
ѻЦ˵
׿ҹ˿ţ׿Ҳڽ׿ĵطÿ֮䶼һ϶ֻǲ֪׳ǲҲٽҹ˿ء
ˮоҪ£ʵʱǰݳȥ죬ȻȥħǸŮˣ֮ǰҪͻƵ顣
飬ꡢ껹ʮ꣬ԼҪòܴﵽԼˣ


1336 ˮûС衢Ů
ӦÿԽƣһԼʱܵõ޴ĺôѣֻҪܴﵽʳʵͻͻͽ
ЩʱˮʵҲӣЩҪģҪʵȹ̣ˮԼӹľٴƽܶࡣ
ѾԲ磬֪ܲٴͻѪҺеϽѪ߱ǰһѪҺеҲˮʵ˺ܶ࣬ЩսбɱˮоҪţݿϾѾóʱûȥˡ
ˮѻ˵һ£ѻˮָ£Ȼֻмµʱ䣬ڵҽѾǽȣȻܽչôǿǷֲġ
ѻҽ̸ˮˮѧֲѻĺ⣬νն಻ѹοӳһ˵Ԫˮ˵Ըıܶණ
ˮѧʱȴǾȵķ֣겢ѻ˵ô򵥣ϡӳյԪֻеĳ׶Ρ
ѻҲһֱģˮȴϲоԣһԲŷһЩͶܻԼϹϣȻ԰˴ͨϣ𵥶ĶܻǿˣҲ߻ħĿܡ
ˮ֮ȻԻһЩӶӸԪ
һлˮȵģȵһ˿֮ЧǿԴźˮһֻ뵽սʱһ˿û뵽һЧܶ౶
壬ˮ춼Ҫʱ棬н˫޹ĴڣҪѵػ޵Ĵιֻ̣ոʵ
ЧǲģڵĸҲ⣬Ϲǿ幦ԲȣϣʱܶԼһ޴ĺô
ѻˮҪ뿪Ҳ֣Щÿ¶Ҫ뿪ʮģϰˡ
ȥʱҹ˹ڿ飬һϣ֪Ե续һͷߵˮˣ
ʲôأô档
ˮ§
ûʲôˣ̺诶Ѿˡ
ҹ˹Ц˵
Ŷˣô
ˮϲʵ
ʵ˺ܶ࣬ܰһ£Ӧûһ
ҹ˹ЦŰˮ˵ϣѹˮϣˮһ㡣

ˮֱסԸе촽ֻѷɽԽµҹ˹Ӧˮ۵ĶС಻ϵĺˮ
һεѾȥˣмȻûϴҲḧһˮԣǱʶҲ֪ôסͷ
ȵȰɣ÷
·ͷǸʵķӯ̰ĺζҹ˹迴ˮϲһ˿Ȼ
ʦ壬סҸ˵ĻӦҲоǾʣʵҲܣٵЩӣҴﵽ龳磬Կɵĺ֮¡
ˮ֪һϣһǸܴϣ
ˮĻҹ˹һˮĻοУϴεʵҲ֪ˮ⣬ϴϢһһ
Ҳԭҹ˹һοˮͻˮоŮå飬ˮһֱܵĸܣǲҳԣºˮԾˮ˵ٺãҲš
ȴһ룬ϣһڴһܳΪŮˣоϣСʲ֪Լʿ¡
ˮĻоԼˣˮͻƵ龳ĻǾԿԣоʱԼ۹⻹ǺܺõģΪоˮΪߣֻҪʱ䣬һϣ
Ǿ˵ˣΪߵʱ
ҹ˹˵ŵͷ
ʲôأС衣
ˮЦſױȵŮˡ
ҹ˹豻ˮǹǵĳƺһ飬ǺߣһҸû뵽һһӻǵĺС裬΢΢еεȴҸĿˮˮĺܿġ
ԺԶģұ֤ҸŮˡ
ˮ˵˵һЩ򵥵ģ鵽ĵĻǿԵġ
㣡
ʦ塭
Ҳϲƺ
ҹ˹豧ˮĲӽ˵
С衭
̫ˣֻһʱſԽС
ˡ
ţ
ҹ˼ҵҹˡ
ˮҹ˹˵˵顣
ţӦģʵڲоͺǺɣҪ̫ںùһʱˡ
ҹ˹迴ˮƽ˵ˮΪѣϾҹ˼Ҳмܵˡ
ڻûУǰ£˾ͺǺȻҪг⣬ֻôӦǼ鲻ôģο㣬öͿԺҹ˼Ҷսʱڰ󡣡
ˮɵ˵
ƻҪܾõʱ䣬лΣмһʵ֮Ӧǿܺҹ˼Ҷ
ҹ˹֪ս۷岻ô׵ģοҹ˼һڣȻֻǳ飬Ҳ顣
½ɣһʵ𣬾˵߻һЩǿͨһ߿Իּɱϰٸʮ۷壬ͨͨԶʱԼķӺܶ࣬Ӻܶ࣬ԽƷһЩµĹһЩ߿˲ÿеܲЩŶ׵缯йһλá
ĿԻַɽƽɽ練ơ
ҹ˹Ҫҹ˼ҽа壬Ҫ۷壬ԽĻҲԺսôףʮ꼸ʮ߷ָ䣬һҹ˼һǿ岻ô׸ġ
ҹ˹꣬ܵ˵ǺܿĵģĽչѾõһ淢չˣ֪ˣǰϣ˲֪ٱ

ˮ̨诺̵ʱѾǵڶˣŮһϱ仯رһǿߵϢеĸоˮ֪ʵȥûƿأȹʱͺˣʱֻе仯˸оַâ¶ĸо
ûˮֱӾܹȥסģ˼ˮܸоҲ̣һɿЦߵ̨ߣ̨诣ҪҪҲ㡣
ҲŲϡأ
̨诱Ͼˮû̫ܽӴԻǺܾнܽţ飬ţŮĻҡšڴԼе㻼ûʧ顣


1337 ǿʣŮ죬ǿ˫ҩ
ˮ̨诵ɫ֪뷨Ȼȫ֪ٿ֪һЩ΢Ц߹ȥǣסֻֿ
̨诺ˮĿһ΢΢㿪ˮǽֱֻס˫ֱȴظӵķͦͦĻѪţر˵
ˮ޼ɵĴţ̨Ҳƽǿˮһʱ龰ЩȻܿƵꡣ
رˮǰʱоһĻţоģһȵĸоһԺˮصĻ档
ˮ֪̫Ϊ飬ס촽Ķȴ̨ѣıסˮҶ
诶ûУ
ˮϲһֱ˵ŲϲԼŮˡ
ûУҲŲء
̨诱ˮ˵
ʵ֪˵ĿǰôĲһˮоرĳԾѵչһ˶ˡ
ˮ뵽һܣαչͻ˺ܶ飬Լϵ飬ֻǵôģҲ֪
˭أ
ˮЦż
˭Ҳ롣
ԭ鰡Ǹˣȴҡ
ˮߴ˿
ǸɫǣŲء
̨ˮ˵ʱǺܿĵģĻǼٵģԸǳСŮ˵顣
ˮû뵽Ů˶ԼĳɼǺģҪĸıܺԼ໥˵ѾڽԼ˵ѾԼ
˵ĶԣǺɫ֮Աɫ˵ԣɫôܣ˵మŮǸɫ¡
ˮӨ͸ˮһĶ䴦Ц
Ƥ
̨˵ҲЦˡ
ˮЦſһֻȻһֻ¥ȥҹ˹¥ǰˮŮںߡ
Ůˮŵ֣ˮĺֻܽţҹ˹̨ЦŽеʦ
𣿡
ҹ˹Ц˵ǰͬһֻ̣һֻ̨诣ĸһȦӡ
ˮóԵģҺúóһ٣ȵơ
ҹ˹
ţʦա
̨Ц˵
ˮһ㶿ҹ˹裬ֱŷ֣ĸ׺ͶŮ˵֪ӹɣֻΪʲôԼûҪ֪ǵء
ˮ볤棬Ȼ̨诺̲գҲ˺ܷܶ࣬ʢóõŮ죬ŮŮʱˡ
ŮһŮֻз޹ϵȻүҲԣŮҲԣŮһŮģֻзޣرֳ£һصĹء
ˮŮһŮ죬˼ѾˣʵŮ֪ˮҹ˹֮ĹϵҲ̨֪ҹ˹ܵģҹ˹ʦͽȴ׽һ㣬׽ûҪףּһ̡
ҹ˹뵽һ죬ԴһʼͰ̵˽ãʲôĻķչѾΣʲôҪģĻԣѾѣǰı֡
̨诿ҹ˹迪Ҳܿĵģҹ˹ܺˮΪ޵ĻˮΪ׻Ҫģ֪ˮֹһŮˣԼȻίټʦʲôϵأԶһ𣬺ýһһҲһֲҸ
̽㣬ǾһһӶǺýá
̨Ц˵
仰ˣ̨诺̶΢Цſҹ˹衣
ҹ˹迴һˮˮ΢ЦʲôҲû˵ڹҹ˹Ѿ˵ͷûʲôֻҪƱǱˡ
ҹ˹Ʊ̡诶Զǽá
˺ƣˮҲҹ˹һٺ̨诡̺һԳԺȺȰȥˣ˺ܶ飬ϵҲˡ
ˮʼΪŮ̱ԪͻƵŮҲʹһˣ֮ǰŮѾﵽ˹ʦ𣬶ʳһҪһʦԼһʦϵʵ
ŮؾѾﵽ˶ʦʵˮḺ́ԪټͶܻĽֱŮʵͻһĴأҪŮĸõߣṉ̀ԪЧŮԺʵٶȼӿʮпܡ
һͶֱʵﵽһͶÿֻʹһţÿһһֻʹʮţˮƳԼ֮ˮߵ˶ѻҲˡ
ҹ˹ҲʹˣȻҹ˹ʵʲôСҲ⣬οˮܿˣǸʱͲȱˣһĵҩҲֻӵʵô򵥣һЩʣǺõҩе
ҹ˹ʹúһӵǶʵȻʳ˶ӵʵˮһֻܶ϶Ǻйϵ
ӦǺԣرҪʱԴﵽ°빦ЧǸ߼ˮ֪ǲʵأһ㵽һʣ˵׼ʵӸأ
ˮоԺܴ󣬲ȻǱҩе㼦ˣ֪ѡ
ˮǲǻи߼
ҹ˹ҲǾȵĿˮ
УֻǻûƣܲƳɹȷⶫơ
һҩԸȤ
ҹ˹˵
Ŷʲôҩ
ˮȻģҲرģһҩûʲô
㿴²߰ҩױõģϲҾŰɣ
ҹ˹Ц
ȻŮر˷ˮһסֱǷβȻۣȴֱҹ˹޵ݡ
Ϊ̨诺̶ڡ
ŮǿĵЦţлһĨ˵ɣǿǵһοȴһŮ˳Կ̶оҹ˹ǰСֳȻĳ̾硣
̨诺̸оУҹ˹Զǽţվ˭ǰû뵽ôͿ˱һӴƨɵ龰
Сӣǰӡ
ҹ˹ˮһۡ
һˣҩ
ˮͷһ˵
ҹ˹ϽҩˮȻ˺֪ԼûеɽֻܸûӣŮЦʵŮǽʲô˵ġ
ˮЦŽӹһ¾ˣҩֽźܹ֣ӦǺܾ֮ǰĶƾȴûһ˿𻵣ҩҲ֡
˫ҩ
ˮҩҩݣֲҪôҩݣܶ࣬ҴǿǱܵģһζԴݣҲ󣬲ˮɾȴҩݣݺܾãǺֽȥģѾǺôһƬˣһֱҩݵôֻԪʱһ㡣
û뵽ںˣôǿôΪҩЧ
Чһĵҩԡ
ҲǿԶʳһĵҩһֻܷʳʮţڿԷʳʮţһԷʳһţڿԷʳš


1338 ˫ҩһ
ǿ󣬱̬
ˮ˫ҩЧĸоֱӿԶʹһĵҩҲǱĽҩЧһǶôǿ
ҹ˹迴ˮɫЦˣҲֻЦЦΪ֪ҩƣÿ˿ǻޱȣˮҩҲֻ֪ˮҽʦҩʦֱӦֻܸ
С裬ݼױ湻صģ㻹Ƿĸˡ
ˮµ˵
ҹ˹û뵽ˮȻ̨诺̵ôĽԼų죬һ㣬ҲһߵϦһϷˣû뵽һԼҲֵԼоԼɬоһ˿˿˿ġ
С衭ױ
ŮǴľþû˵ŻͷˮȻٿѾе޵ݵҹ˹ЦˣȻЦеҹ˹ܵĸо
ˮӣǰҪ̫ˣһΣŮѵˬЦҲЦˣ̨诺̴ûЦЦࡣ
ӣЦûЦҿɾ˵ǰĻˡ
ҹ˹豻ŮЦҲѡ
úãЦЦ
ŮȻ˵ŲЦǲʱķЦ
С诡С̣ôЦ𡣡
ˮΪ˻գֱӺŮסŮƤǿԵģοŮˡ
һˣŮҲǸое飬԰ˮһ۾ͲôЦˡ
ˮҩ𣿡
ҹ˹ָ̬ƽ˵
ܣһƳ
ˮᵽر˷ܣԼʵҲһЩԼߵˡ
ġ
ҹ˹ŮǾȵʵ
Ȼһ죬ȻƵҩ˳һԵĻϣܰҲƳ
ˮʮ˵
˫ҩˮְնʱƳֻ֪ܲܣ˫ҩĵҩֻҩ֪ʳõĶǲͬЧʳһ˫ҩƳĵҩֻһҩﻹڶʱڿзʳҩأ
һˮЦˣƺڿǵģʱƳˣȻʲôҲ֪ˣû뵽ҹ˹ξϲÿһεĺôǲɹġ

컹ˮͽɾһ鷨Ȼſʼ˫ҩԺֵҩرĸߣҪĴ棬һῴôʹ÷ÿζҪ˫ҩĻرĸߡ
ҪҩȻ󵥶һ˫ҩҪҩݶֳɵģɾеĴѾÿֲˣԺҩ˫ҩ档
ǰƵЧľѾܶˣҶľ񵤣־ҩĶƷʣϴţݺ֪и߼ľҩ
ƵʱҲʱƳˣҲⵤҩƷʲôֻһģҪЧȽɣ
ˮ򿪽¯ˣΪȻвʮָǴСѩɫҩɢһɼ㣬˵϶ôĺţԲš
ˮæЩҩһڴ
˫ҩ
ô֣ôǿĵҩȴһҲˣʲôĶǰ裬ЧҪġ
ЧԽһĿҩԣʹʹõҩһ
ʹ÷Ҫõĵҩ˫ҩһ¾ͿԣÿηüҪһӣÿ˫ҩԶʱڶͬ൤ҩ
ˣˮóһŴ󻹵һ˫ҩȥܿЧˣǰЧǿڷõĴ󻹵þǿġ
ȷ˫ҩЧˮֱӿʼ˫ҩʱһ¯ʱȵߣѾ͵ӣ֮ǰʡһӵʱ䡣
Ѿװ˺ܶƿӵ˫ҩоرˬֵҩڱ˵˵ǼֵǣӶʮԪĵҩÿֻʹһŵĻ˫ҩֱӿԶʹһţͿԶʮԪ֮ʱһԪһ־޴رڲʱ򣬻зŲʱ򣬱аԸ¡
ǰԼҲĵҩȴǶ˲ˣǸľͱˣһֱ˲һ£м˯֮⣬ֻ˺̵ܶʱ䡣
Ϣ֮ˮſʼѾڽҩϣһ
ҩҩˮǵúٿ飬Ȼſʼ׼ҪĶȻҲв٣ܺ˫ҩҪҩȣҪҩҲڲϵӣֲˮֻҩޣڵɾҲ㹻ˣȻܶá
һе㼤ģֻҪﵽһʦʵͿѸʵϴǸرзֵЩһͶѾûˡ
Ǽ˽߲ݣɾн߲Ѿܶˣ˾ȥ߲ݣϾҲرĶõʱ򻹺ܶࡣ
һƵҲǺ˳ˮһ㣬רʱʱƳһ
ȲĴ򿪽¯һ̸ֻʧƳɹѾܿˣֻһҲܿģΪ֪ܶ࣬һҲһƳܶ࣬ѾҪˡ
ЧɣˮһֱƵɾʱ䣬һҲ˲٣ûƶ׼ƣ˳㳢ɾ֮ҩЧûģеǿˣҲˣ֮ҩټɾʱȣЩ⡣
ɾѾˣˮҲ֣֪ˮܣǸûء
Ůȵ˵ʲôˮ֪ʱһ˵˲ٹԼĻ⣬Ͼǰǳ׽˵Ĺϵȷˡ
ˮվȥѷ˶
һȥ
̨Ҳվ̾ųȥҹ˹ûȥվŹֵĿˮ
ôôң
ˮԼ
ҾǺãôͰ̺诶Եġ
֪
ˮЦˣΪͲǸ⣬˵ҲУԼ
֪
ҹ˹Ц˵
ʵҲûʲôǸ
ˮЦϵܵԼϵĳλá
꣡
ŮЦˣסˮĲӣǣǿǸӦúɣȥǲǺ
ˮεЦЦåˮомܲס
ǲҪˣԺ֪ˣҾɡ
ˮҧĶ˵
ҵһ졣
ҹ˹ˮȻ˵
̨̺诶ŷ˳ҹ˹ƿˮҲųȥ
극ҹ˹ֱ뿪˵ˣ̨Ҳվ§ҹ˹ĸ첲뿪
̣Һ诶˯˯
ɫ΢죬˵껰Ѿ뿪ҹ˹̨诣̨诼ܳȥģŲŰĿŵˮϡ


1339 ˮĵһˣʧܵ
ˮȻоʲô̵Ŀһ̺ͷƲչʱ˵˵Ҳ̣ڷرһεĸоرǿңǸͳŮˣѾˮΪޣҲܽӴȻŲ
ˮһׯ¸¥ѷɫһֳ󸾵ŮˣһԳ̵һֳ졢ׯ֪Ժһ˵ĵ֮ǰȣڸĹһ
ˮЦȥܸоܿ죬Ҳһ̾Ů˴ӿһڴڴȡڴӵˮû뵽ŮʵѾܶˣ̫нˣҲԼŵ±ˮΪǷŵ
̣
ˮߡ
ţ
̧ͷˮɫ΢죬˫һ˿ˮ
ˮ˵ʲôģѾ˵ˣֱһѱЦǲǶ

̾һֱӰˮĲ̧ͷ
Ϸ˻ôߡ
ˮÿκһ𶼸оǵһһָо棬ÿζôڴԼеӿ졣

һھǴϣſˮؿڣϴɫ־ֻŮ֮УϲĿˮ
ǰе
ˮֻǷԲȴ̵ͦϸš
˵ԺҲˡ
ס𡣡
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š
һˣСèһˮ̱ˮ룺Ǹڡ
ˮȴǿĵЦˣ̣Ҹ˵Цɡ
ð
̺ںˮʱ̡
һŮˣһͬ˯һŴŮм仮һߣ˵Խ߾ޣеһҲûԽ˯һϣڶŮ˴һ˵޶硯̣˵ػ޲ء
޺ã
̱סˮЦȻ̾нʱǻſһˮЦˮɧĵõСС㡣
ˮ˵¡
Ŷʲô¡
ˮɫе졣
ʵҵһˡ
仰ˮһ㶣Ŀˮϲǲƽǰģ˻ϣԼŮ˶ֻԼһˣ㲻ǣֻҪమͿԣˮر𺳡
һʯУȻоʵޱȣʱЩʯУеѪҲῴοеŮȻûѪûиܵǲ㵫ȻǴӡ
ֲһֱоӵŮˣɷŮأˮȻ벻ô£Լһ˾ʲôҲ˵ˣˣ仰ʵԲκλɡ
ϲ㣬ϲˣ¥ֻܹԼˣҵѾǺܿˡ
ˮ˵
֪Ҳ˵ģ˪ܲˡ
ǾԶҪ˵ʵ˪ڲǰˣ˼ͥԼĺӣĻᱻɢڲõҵˡ
ˮ΢Цſ
ˮҪӣҵĺӡ
ֱͦǲˮıӡ
ðھͿʼ

ڶˮû𣬵һֵʱҹ˹̨诶Цſ̣߽ߵŮҲһܡ
ˣ˫ҩһƳˣﻹбĵҩһȥԡ
ˮ⡣
ˮĻŮǺܾȵģϾûпˮʲôʱȥҩڷһϣ֪ˮܣԾȹ龪ȵĻǾϲ
ԹˮֱȥɾҩģֲģԻǾʹá
ˮÿ˸ϰٿŵ˫ҩһ㹻ǿٴʹһһ̨̺诵ʵٴδҹ˹ȻһӶʵڵҹ˹˵ʵʵе̫Сˡ
ǷʳһЩҩֻûзʳپʹﵽ˱ͣ㲻ͬһֵҩҲܷʳٵģˮҪģ²٣ѾСȥˣٵʱֱӻطɾ
ȻʼһŲſʼ׼ƶһҪƳˮ̫ϣվҩ˵ӦúǸˮ룬ҩݵҪߣҩʦҪҲǸߣÿȼиˮ룬ֻҪƳ˵ЧǰҪǿһ
ܿˮͶ뵽ҩУƻǺܿģһʱʱ䣬Ҳǰһʱ䣬һһʱ䣬Ǻ׵ƳɹˣȻǼ˽߲ݵġ
һˮԲʹý߲Ƴɹˮһֱƶһƾµʱ䣬ɾʱ䣬һֱԲʹý߲ݵ²ͣҲһЩм䲻ý߲ݵʧΣˮҲһᣬϾҩĶǺġ
׼ʼˮǺܼģǲرеõֻһͶǰƳһͶܼرļûƳ˫ҩء
һΪˮоžҩ佫ıˣԼҲõ޴ĺôԼľʣˮʵ⣬ˮľʣȻӵĺ٣ȴǿԸܵźһǿܶࡣ
ʱ
ˮȷǰĲ²⣬ҲоԼҩɹĲһˮʵڵֲסջ׼ˮܿˣһʧΣʹ˽߲ݵ£ҲһʱʱʧˣʱҪĸʱʱ䣬࣬˵̫࣬ˮҩʷҵһΡ
ǶôѹΪʧܵԭ֮ҩЧ֧
ȻҩЧǾֻܵˣܿ͹ˡ
һ֮ʱҲ˲ȥʱ
Ҳǻƻ裬Ůĺ̲ˮֱһڼߣŮˣֻֻ֣ҲǣȴǸˮɫҹ˹֡
ˮЦգգ۾ӵһֻź߸ź˵Ϣ˭Ҳû˵̨̺֮ȥ׼ˮǺҹ˹ɢ
ǲҪ뿪ˡ
ҹ˹Ц˵
뿪ɣ
ˮʹ˵ġ
ȥɣӲʵϲġ
ҹ˹ЦǺǵ˵
ȥһоû׼á
ˮеε˵
Ǹǲô
ҹ˹ϺģСʵ
ˮЦˣյ˵˼仰ֱҹ˹Ķӡ
̣˯
ҹ˹Ц뿪̨读ҵҲҪߣȴǱˮסС椣ܲ˵ġ


1340 ζǿԶʹã³ç
̨뿪ȴǱˮסһˮ
̨֪Ҫ뿪ǳŮ֣һҹ˹̨Ѿ뿪ˣˮһ۾ͰȴǺܾǿĺˮš
ˮȻ£һľۿǾļѩϸ֬ɢ޲˿һڡ
ˮͷֱӰ̨ŵðͷҪͷˡ
ˮһ촽诶ǲн񱻹ĸ䵭أ
ʲôҲûС
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ǰģѵˣҸѰ
ˮסЦ
ˮˡ
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㻹Ĳġ
ˮЦ˵
ˣˮǽ˵˵òã
̨诽ŵĿˮ
ҾǴ˵˵Ļģ诶Īʲô
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㡭󻵵Ү
̨
ߣȥ̸̸ȥ
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ңȻҲˮһңɽΪʥеʥص¥һ˵ң֪֪ɽʥŮ˶һ˵ʱʲô뷨
ˮ㲻ңҪȫſԡ
̨诱ˮҲ˫ֱĲӡ
ˮҲûͣģֻҪ㲻˵ҽӣǲģ˰ɡ
Ļ̨һ⻰еҰǺܶģ̲סһҧˮϡ
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ˮʲôʥ֣ԼŮ˻е˽⣬ΪˣҲһԼʶǰҹ˹˵ˣһҪ̨诣ʵҲϣˮɡ
һҹ裬ˮ͸֤һΪ£ʿս衭
ˮѼӲȻ˵ʵֹƺѣǸʳ̻Ůˮое㲻ţŮ֮䲻ô棬ˮǻŬģΪҲڴ龰
ҲȴǺܰŴɫı죬ܱرΧӳ˵ĺг
񴲲ߣҲϥǸߣžµС˯еխ˯һ˵ͦģˮЦſ񴲣˵ȥ᲻
ҵĴ
̨诺һ˫ӣֲʳ̻ţִ䣬һԹȻһ׷Ȼ󣬴ʱˮУǷȻȴǳǿҡ
ˮֱȥˮǣûо΢΢£һûз
ⲻ֣ϺӣԼǿ˵ˣٶҲѣ˵ˮ̴ܵˣֻǶѡ
诶ⴲ治ţˣ诶˵˵˵ʱôģ
ˮѹϣŮӣҪϣһԼ޼

Уˣ˵Ҫô
ˮЦİͷչȥ
ɱǰ˵Ļ
̨˫ֳˮؿڡ
ȻҲ㣬ǻЩ顣
ˮЦ˵ţһִֻ￪ʼϸ֮һ̨΢΢۾
ǰˮĻƽȴǱ۾˫ҲǴ
ˮЦķ۴һ˱Ĵֻ꣬Ҳĸ֫ͷ۱֪ʲôʱʼ˫Ѿ°С
ˮǷӯļͦʱͷҲǹأĲ׽۵ķࡣ
̨诲֪ʲôʱѾ۾СȴǺ
ˮֻĽ·ûеֵ뵽ˮҪʲôǸϤĻѾӡһ
ˮǷӯʱ˱һ˫§סˮԴ֡

诶û
ˮ̨诶ǳӵţ̨诲ˣˮҲܣֻܹ񫡣
㻹˵
̨뵽ʱԼҲ֪ô§סĲӣʹҪԼһºˣҪ󻵵ЦԼˡ
úã˵ζã
̨诣
ڶˮŮʹöҹ˹ʹŶֱʮʵ࣬Ҳ٣Ҫž޴ĺôֱӵʵĺô˿С
ˮҲʹţϧӱʵҲСʵڱҹ˹軹ǿ١
̨诺ǲһǵʵǵõɱǿʵȣĹЧʡǡ
ˮоԼʸӵ࣬ҲΪԼʵԭ
ˮ뵽ԼΪ׼ǿͶǿǿģˮ뵽˫ҩ˼һԼǲֿʹһΣ
֮ǰˮû൤ҩҪʹãӦǿԵģǿûм޵ģǿԶǿģǿȻǰҪҩ
ˮûмʹãǵڶΣüŮʹˣֵҩǿҲģ֮ǰʹõҲá
ζҪԴʵ磬ʹõҹ˹裬ˮǲ֪ǿԭΪҹ˹ԼǸʱʵǿֱܶ࣬ҹ˹ʵһ㣬ﵽ˽ʵֹˮˣҹ˹ҲǾˡ
һֶҪĵҩӵʵ˶죬ǹ̶ģʵڰٷ֮ʮٷ֮֮䣬ǿЧȻҲвٷ֮ʮʺ츳츳õĻдҩʵ޷գͻáڽУպлٶȼӿ죬Чʵʹһġ
ž̨诺ʹãŮӵʵٴˮԾѣΪ˽ȻǵҲʮѣҹ˹ļʵûñȣŮдҩҹ˹ҪĶ࣬ԺǲҲʱʵһܿ죬ֱҩʧΪֹŮñԼʱõʵҪǿܶˡ
˫ҩˮоԼһӦûˬһΰɣҲԥԼһ£ʱˣѾˣľҹ˹ˣʵֱӽӽʹûεĻɵİ׻ʵֱǽʮ
ˮԼѾˣȻսʮµʵǿԽġ
˫ҩǿ¡
ԥһ¸ɴְ˫ҩͶǿҲ¡
ܿһɰھбˮˣǰľٴʵ̫³çˡ


1341 ʮʵټԬ
ǹɰˮرĵģǿʼᷢʲô黹˵׼֮ǰŮƽޱȵաʵˮŴŵӣû뵽ֵԼȻ
˵ƭ˵ģˮ˺֪ܶڲܷģżŮ˵һ۷ʲôҲҪ
Ů֪⣬Ҳûж˵߿һЩһ㲻бˮġ
Ůһ뿪ˮɴֱӽɾ֣һзԼ֮ȪҪʱЩһʱѡ
һŹһ㣬ԽԽ󣬾ܵһʹеĽҲǿٵתˮת£ǵ֮Ҳʼ
ʱһĹȥζ·Ҫűһʱļһʹ࣬Щˮ˵ʲôǺǿģûмǿġ
ۣ
΢ǾͷƤѾѣǿ޸ٵĽ֮޺á
ۣ
죬ֻˮܸܵԼζڲϵıͣеӣرȣʵȴû̫ĸˣΪԼûűʵ
ζǿԼԾŵЧεζǿǱǿЧǱǰǿҪˮǵڶʹãһʹҲûŮ˳ɣ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱˮʶѾʼģ˵һУһ˿ˮ֪Լ龰ϲָоʹƺҲˡ
Ҳ֪˶ãˮ˹һѾɾվ¥Զɳ̲ϣϦ£ˮû뵽ԼȻɾ¶࡭
ʱһѪ̿飬̧ͷŮڲԶʱ˹ɫܵģϾڵˮѪнݹһ
ˮ
ҹ˹赣ĵĺһ䡣
̸̽Ҫˮԥˣƺ뵽ˮ˵Ҫ
û£ⲻúõģǰöˡ
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ˮĻҲϵѪֱһѱסˮĵĿΪıеʪ
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ࡣ
̽ıˮ
̨Ҳһ߿ĵĿˮȻû˵еǷݹȴرǿҡ
ȥϴϴֻˡ
ˮкϺȥ

ϴɾˮɳ̲ţϹſĵЦݣıʵһ㣬Ѿﵽʮıʵûб仯߲ʵӱʮ屶ʵ
ˮͻȻʵУôҲû뵽ζǿٴθԼһ޴ľϲǰѵһβеҩЧȫȼһʵѾǴѾﵽ۾һܸߵĸ߶ȡ
ʵڶʮ屶߲ʵʮıǽıĻĽԼľž´ﵽǧʵɽĹѾ˾ɽĹǴſµĶܻԽǿܻҲԽǿ
ʵǸӵĿ£ֵľﵽǧַļǴﵽʮһɵķʻǺܴģϴ֮ӡͿԴﵽʮ֮ӡַļﵽ˿ֲĶʮĹ
ʮĿ¹ȻȫƿأٿԲʱĴοˮʵսٶȺܿ죬һɵļʻǺܸߵģҳ䲻ĳ֣׽Էֱӱ
һЧ֪ǲΪ֡״̬йϵˮʱüŮٴγζǿȻǵһƽĶȹȵȣǽеĴҩЧյĲˣʵȫȹˣٷõڶΰɡ
ϣˮһκŮһ䣬һŴϣȻʲôҲûֻ˵֮ǰˮϴ˸ˮ裬ںһΣǸ޷
Ȼû꣬һֱҹŮǸҲûӹûסǰ̡
ڶˮ뿪ŮˮʧڲԶ
ǿ󣬲ȻˮزҲȥ˷ݡ
ݶˮ岻һݵĸϾվȽˣʮʮ۷ʵԼҲǿǸ۷˰ɡ
ʮʵԼҲʣ¶ʮʵʮʵҲᱻʮʵֻǻ֮ģĽշħ֪ܴܲЧأˮҲͲڿǡ
ˮãһһԺ·ݵһЩϾʮһҹ˿ҹУҲһôݵ߾УӴߵֻǷëǡ
ʵڿԺһ۷սҹ˿ǵ۷Ӧһ
ܿõˣ첻ɵķǰй֮һλҹҵүӴ٣õֱӳΪ˿ϵεĵط⼸õġˡ˺ܶ࣬൱зġ
һ¥ѻ꿴ˮϲкϵܻˡ
ѻҲ緢ɻˣҲˣҽҲֹõı仯Ǳ˭ˣһжΪˮԭ򣬲ȻֻһǻڶһҽʦС
Ҳûбˣˮ׵ˣһжˮģʲôԸˮ
⼸ûʲôǰɡ
ˮʵ
ûУֻв㣬ҶˣкܶβҲˣ˸ҽʦҽŮᡣ
ѻǺǵЦ
ŶɣԾͶҽƣƷʸҪ
ˮЦ˵
ţǵģ
ܿ¥洫ŲſˣһŮ˽ֻǵˮŮ˵ʱˣΪˮʶȻ
Ԭգ
̧ͷˮһ۾һμһ𺳣ôƯ𾪵ĲƯɫһµ飬һоƽĸоٷҲƽ
һ
ü£˫ڱʯһ㣬ֱͦԵüˮС΢ţ¶ѩ׵ıݣȵɫƺš
Ӧû뵽ˮɣĽڿˮʱһ
ˮͬȣݣǵҩڵ֧һᴴҩŮӣʯ壬ˮκˣϧȴǲɢ
Ѿܶûм˰ɣģûʲô仯˴Լˮ֪ΪʲôڷݣǸţݵĵط뵽ҲǱһЩݵĸ˷֣һЩɣ


1342 Ԭ˭
￴Ԭˮرľȣ֮һ˿Ϊƶ壬ȫıֻǺŮһҪˮ׵
ԺɲԲҪټˡ
ԬԥƬ̲Ż˵ûпˮǿ
ףǻȥɣ
ʵûа취Ǽ飬ȻҵĹ޷ͻƣҾͻ飬
Ԭ̾˵
Ҫи⣬Ҿͻˣ̤ݻ֪ʲôʱԺҲ̤ǿˡ
ˮʱԬշֱʱ˵ĻʱҲԬյ;еһˣԼҲҲһˣǱ˴еĹ͡
˴˴ӶԷϵõܴĺôϧһʮ꣬ҪǽˮһŮˣû뵽Ȼ漣ˣԳƵ漣
ãã˺ܲѾǺܴļˣܲǧĸڷˮоСĿֱֲޱ޼ʣ»ͬһļҲΪ㡣
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ˮع΢Ц˵ĿоϲҲУȴǺܿ
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ԬȻȵ΢Ц˵
ڿˮһ۳˾ϲһ飬Щ֪ܲˮҲһֱĻͻȥһû뵽ˮ
òһ˵ģҺϸÿֻռʮ֮һ
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Ԭ֪˵˻Բٸɴˡ
ܼ򵥣ҽʦҪƷ£Ȼҽȱһɡ
ˮĻǸԬһ㶣뵽˺ˮ֮飬֪ˮǲ˵ԼƷ£Լ֮Ʒ𣿻Ǹ˶Թ
оԼе飬Ҳ֪Ϊʲô˶Բ飬ԼǲӲأ
ԬƽĿˮǲ֪ô֪ҵƷºҽûأ
ܿʱˣһ𣬲֪ԬСû⡣
ҽҪԺܶѪôܶಡرĵģʱҲҪһҽߵƷ£ϾΣܶҽֻǶƿҩԼȥϸʲô
ˮֻһҽߣֻǸһǿβõǷֲģȻܶ˶ƶ󲿷˵ıԻͬߣǴһԹ߽ǶȻͬߵġ
ǸˮǲģЩǸܶ˸мԼǵ࣬ʱҲԼкôӦҲһֻ㱨ɣƶбҲѭ
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ǿѻľԬսӴʱ䲻̣Ȼƺе㲻죬֪˺ܺõģǱԭԲôģֻʲôԭˮӦòǹͻƵ⡣
ѡ䣬Ժסɣ
ܴ˵һ䣬ʵһаҡ鷿ʲôе֡
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ҵʱôΪԶԸ㣬ƺҿ˸ЦȻתתֻصԭ㡣
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ΪʲôԸ⿴ң
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𣬵Ǻϲ㣬ԲŻ˵һӲġ
ԬЦſˮʱƺ˺ܶࡣ
ˮû˵ʵҲи뷨Ů˳ΪԼŮˣԼҩԼҩǿֱǾ䣬ȴû뵽Ѷˡ
ڶ֪ҪҪ
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ôȥˣ˷ǣ÷µӦѾ˰ɣ
ˮԬա
Ҳ֪Ӧ÷˰ɣ˵Ҹò뿪
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ãΪһԱʱһɵĹɷݣҲҪ뿪ﻹҪ㣬ƾԼھݵģ㲻ؼʵǻزȥģû˸۸㡣
ˮЦ˵
Ҫ뿪
뿪ҪһЩʱɣһҪˣûһֱڣᷢչݣ֮ǰţݿ̣ϧЧûãҪûкʵˣڲһˣѻϸһ棬ӦҲԡ
ҲǺġ
Ԭ˵
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㻹Ҫңѵҵʱ뿪𣿡
ԬշԼеԼڻ
ˣҸһ飬ǸҲģο㻹㲻ϻˡ
ˮ΢Ц˵
ˮҺ棬˵˵Ǹʲôˣ
֪еĻ˵һǺˡ
ΪǸʲôˣ
ǸŮˣҲǣҲԣ֪Ǹˡ
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ȥѻ磬Ҳʶʶñģֻ˱ŪʮݣûʮˣҲĿǲкʵˡ
ˮЦվ
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ʱˣ


1343 ˮңõĵλ
ˮҵѻʱûȥǰֻҸˮԬ˵ˮЦ˵ϵʵ޸ǳ
ˣϸ磬Ҹ£Ǹ̸ַܲܽ
ˮЦ˵
ȻԣϵڿǱʹõǿˣֻҪ룬Խ̸κˡ
ѻæ˵ֲʲôŮȹء
ߣǽȥԺþͶһˡ
ˮЦʾѻһȥѾˣǸСԺϾе̫ˡ
Ԭտˮѻ߹æվ
ϸ磬ԬգǰһѣҽʲôҲˣͬĻʽõһԱˡ
ӭҵȻû˻ء
ѻ꿪ĵ˵
ллҽ
Ԭ΢Ц˵
ҽҽģ̶̫ˣҲõһԱ˵ϵѣҲͺϸɡ
ѻҡҡָɴ˵
ϸ磡
ԬҲûпס
úã£ֵÿģõʵѾͷļ˲١

ڶҲˣӵķ飬ϸǿԬǿޱȣŮԵú׽
ˮҲʼİ֮˳㼸׺ѻһҽˮصҩϣֻǸ
Ԭҩһ츳ֻҪϳʲôëԼԴҩΨһı׶˾ˮѧϰģеСֱͿˣҩûбҪ

֮ǰˮ˵ˣһ˶ҪμӣֻμӣиҩǸҩȥҲڣˮҩȥʵܿĵġ
ʱȻӣȴǾβʱԼѧܶĶҲ֪һˮģĥʱҲоǰԼĽ
ҽ˶ǲŮƺǿһֱһûҽϳԼǶô֪ѡ
ǳʵˣҩҵӣôӣǸˮȻᣬǳгһһһɳ죬óΪһҽʦһܲġ
Щҩȥ̬ҲƽˣܻŸ飬͵һʱ˺ܴı仯
ˮһ߰һ߹۲ԬգʲôĲˣɫһֱǹŵ΢ЦȻ꣬ȴǾͨ
ҽšʡУԬսеõĿ˵Ѿﵽ¯ĵزһϳţȻʲôӦϾˡ
һԵˮʱĵͷֻҪ֪֢״Ů˾׼ȥĿҩˮѧֻ꣬Ҫѧˣֱ̤һҽʦ
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ҲлģϾмǰﲻ׼Ѷֵץȥ
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󼸸̧һűˣ鴤°ĭұѾ߰Ѫ
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ˮүβˣɳе𡣡
ʱˮſŵˣʱһͷ󺹣ŵɫͨ죬˵ӣɫеף˫΢죬촽΢һ˸оˡ
ΪʲôҪеﲻʲô˶ƵģòҰĵط
ˮ˵ֱһ֣ʮ˴ϵıŵֱӵɳȥпѪڵһʱ
ãúãҽ緶һͬʡ
ɵҲʲôطȻҫ
ˮң˵ҹ˼˿ѷɫļ壬˵ˮĴš
ֲˮСүš

ҽ㣬Ⱦүɣ㣬ȻǶҪġ
ŵǸͻȻˮȥߴĺ
ˣ㲻֪ҽ𣬸Ͻ̧߰ɣȻľûоεĻˡ
һ̾˵
̧ߣȥĵطˡ

һ˼ѵ̧ǸԲѵ뿪ˡ
˵˵õҽΣܿظǰ龰
ˮڲŲẦ˭ǲΪС³ģοӵܣˮ£˵߾۷ĴҲûգǻæͻء
۷ҲκβˮοҲû˻ˮǺܶ˶ԸΪˮʲôˮǷ¸ʲô֪ˮԾˣֻҪпΪǻٵ
ˮҵ⼸Ҳ֪ˮǿˮҶ꣬һֱоˮǿģҹ˼Ҳþͱˮǿǿҹ˿ǺߣֻмʵҪע⡣
ˮʲôӰ졣
һܿ͹ȥˣԬյıˮر⣬һõĻҪǿһ㣬ԸһЩ΢ǿĴڡ
ѻҲǹʦߣСҽʦǿΪԼṩٶȣԬȻֻ۷壬ʵҲѸٵ
ˣˮ췢飬оǵʵҲеԱɣʵѸٵͻͽζǿ
˵Ȼˮһʱʱ뿪ǿˣԼҲûʲôѻ˵ԼֱֵֵҲѷɫ
ˮǿԸܵģѽġ
ѻʶ㣬ԬҲͨ鼮ʲô֪ܶ࣬ԶˮرľȣһһһǿԷΡ
Ԭտˮϧûа취ãֻԺˣӦúܿˣ֮ǰµҩˮ֮ѾͻˣֱͻƵһ֮ǰľ硣
Ҳ۾ˣ۳ǺʹҪһЩʱ䡣
Ԭպ𾪣ôȥڶ֪ˮѾﵽһʲô߶ȣ֪ԼζϲҲԼҲǸѡô꣬ѵҪ
ΪʲôԼҪƽЩԼ֪ԼʲôѵԼŲǰ뿪ĺܸɴѣеߣԼȴ˺ܳʱ䡣
ټɺѣԼôꡣ


1344 ˳龳磿ľɽ
ԬտЦſ沨ȴʯӣô仯ȴȻڣ޷ƽԼ
ʱ䣬ѻԬյʵǷ˷츲صı仯ˮǵˣôܰ˵ʵȶѻʦ𣬵Ǹʱǰ
ľޣһ͸֧ȻʵӲ٣ȴǺúܴǿȴ޷н
һֱ𵤣ʵǸ߼ķ񵤣ֻǱҪڴƽ˵ҩһҩ
ĸ̣ǲȱǮǶݵǵźݴ½ߵʵͺñǰȨǿߵǰĹԱߵһʵ˲ȱǮ
ǮҲϧ٣ܶʱҪǮ֣¶ҪǮȥƽԺܶ฻̵һҪϰ䣬ǮĵѰҺõĵҩŮгһŮΪǿߺΪ׵ʱͷɺܶࡣ
ˮģҲǿԽǸоĲ㣬ԽǿʵĻ᲻ֶΣԵʱõ³
ˮĺֲһ㣬»Ȼȼǿ֮ǰ˵Ѿܷ񵤺𵤵Ӱ죬ͨʵ
ҪѻʦѣڻкܳʱԻӻ

һһʱȥˣϴˮүҲûзʲô̫ˮǸˮСүǻҲû𣬷ûټ
ˮҲû˳֣Ҳû£ˮҲֵС
Ъŵˮ˺СѾͷˣڲͬˣȻǿͷϵģҲ׼ˣˮĵİӭ¥
Ȼ˵ɣҲΣСѾͷȨԱߵʱҪһЩoû˭
ˮϤˣСѾͷˮҲףеĺУкر죬һμԬյʱһҲ£ҲԬյʣһֺƽʡ
үʱ仹ðɣ
ˮ˵һ衣
ãǸˣû¾СѾͷתת
˵
үӣӦ۷ɣ֪û׼ͻ龳硣
ˮŲЦʵ
飿
Цҡҡͷ
ˮû˵ֻǿ֪˻˵
龳̫ˣѾﵽ۷꣬ϧһֱͻƣʮʱҷˣֻ򵥵Ĺ⼸ʮ꣬ɋo󣬶ж︣ԺһҪǣҲͲٲˡ
ɵ˵
һļ壬һǴڶʢʱڣˣϷչƻ㡣
ѵүӲһ
ˮЦʵ
룬궼ˣϧûһϣʮϣã
ҡҡͷЦˡ
ڸүӼԪ֪ûϣ
ˮ˵ǿ˶ԼĪĺôͻҲҪ̫ʱ䣬ΪԼ԰һ¡
˾ȵĿˮ·ǸоˣŵĿˮ
үѾﵽƿ̬꣬ʲôҲĥĲˣҲͻ龳һزٵүӣʱһϣͻ龳磬Ƕʱ䲻Уڽʱڴﵽ龳硣
ˮǿ϶˵
ֵ˲ˣ֮ǰƺ龳粻ôںǲں֮ǰȷ޷ﵽ޷ƿصĶͲҪˣҲͿˣЩ鲻ǿ
ڲͬˣŬϣõĶԼһֱĶ벻ѡ
ˮ˵Щ𣿡
˴̿ͼޱȣΪﻹһҪˮæġ
Ȼүӻ˵Ļ𣿡
ţȻţֻǸое㲻˼顣
˿Цˡ
ߣȥ档
СѾͷԬأˮֱŸ߿շȥˮ˹̱ԪǱܣž˷ζǿ
ˮ֪ʵǼǱʵУ˵Ѿﵽһƿ˵һ̶Ȼϲˣ۷ʮһ۷壬ֹͣȻĻͣʮֻŲܴﵽʮ۷ﵽʮǷëǡ
ʮʵͻ龳ĺʮͻ龳Ǻܴģһɳ˵ǸͱˮʮͱʮһԽԽԶ۷ʮʮһʮǿܶ࣬һܹؼ
˵ԪѾˮˣеİͳѾ˺ܶ࣬˰Ԫûģ⻹ˮûоȫǲȫ㣬̫ףοͻƵ飬ԪٴӺܶࡣ
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϶ܻһֱڰ˳Ǿ޴ıϡ
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һɹɾͻȻеľɽתһɸǿĶܻĶܻгȥ
۷嵽龳ıһ޴ɽϵһ㣬˿޴ĶܻϵĳϣϷֱӳˮɽ
ɽתٶȸˣ
ۣ
һ巢ģˮзģˮһϲûüۿֻоɽɢĶܻǿ
ʱһĹȥһֱƣ߲ͣǿıû˿ɶҲɶˣ˾ͻƵʱҲͲԶˡ
ˮ֣үӣҪʱ䣬ĻҪãҿԱ֤ͻƵ龳硣
ˮܿģڿİ취ߵǿͻƣȻȹ̡̱Ԫټϵҩʲôģûκ⣬͹ඥ࣬ඥֻܹһΣַһֱãÿõ֮Ҫиʱ䣬ʱȹʵ߾硣
ҸоˮǲԽıڸоôߴˣоҾȻﵽʮʵڶоϣͻƵ龳ˡ
˺ܼˮĿͬˡ
ǰҲоˮǸµĴڵҲǿ£ڼÿֲݡ
оԼһ̫ˣˮϵܺǸ֮Ҫ£оֵ̫ˣʿԿˮΪˣoԺҪˡ
صѾǺˣ˴СѾͷ뿪ˡ
֪ʱˮԼеľɽ
һûľһ磬֮ǰʵٶȹʵٶȽй


1345 ּħߣʮʵ
ɽˣʵٶȹĿ꣬ʵʵˮھɽĹﵽ˽ʮʵ
ɽĹǵʮʵô򵥣ΪиٶȣҪ֪ˮٶѾϿֲˣʱʵٶҲǸܶ࣬ɽﵽʮǿֲٶ¹ԶԶʮ˿ѷɫο滹пֲĶܻžܻҲǸ
ɽˣˮޱȣں۷ʵ֣ɽӦҲֵܵס˵ĹɣοˮһɽöԷᣬߣƵľɽϿԷӵ¡
ߵʱˮ˵һ£ǿˮܲܰҵһԪ
һֲʵƺš
ߣ
ҾȻҲߵĴڣߴ޽Ҳºܶ꣬ҹ˿Ǵ˶֪Ҳôһ˵ĴڣȻ£û˸ҺӵĴڡ
˾ȻҵڣǸ̫
ҳ˺СѾͷ֮û˼ˣֻ˵ôһǿĴڡ
ˮȻӦˣҲ뿴ߵǿһʲô̶ȡ
⼸ˮÿ춼ܷʳһÿ˷ʳ޵ģ˫ҩˮԶʹһ
ȻӵǵʵѾˮˮ˵Ҫʣȹǿʣеʵӵľʵþȹ̡
ҪûоõҩҲѲ
ˮûгԣڵȣҩݵҩЧѰʷͻƣˮҲڴ뿴Ĳ֮࣬һˮܴﵽʲô̶ȡ
ˮʲôʱͻȻһϤĲˮɣ˲ȥȻӰһŸ߿ճȥٶȿĲ˼顣
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վɢһ˲µʣˮɿŮˣ䣬һĹ°
ŮɺĮ˫ѩɱ̹ǣȴ˼£ǱѩȴҲ䵽˹Ȼƺһһ
Ů˿ˮʱҲһ㶣ҲˮһοǱһ˿ǷݲҲһ˿Ȼʧĸɸɾ
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飿
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Ů˵ˮ̲סһܸУЦݵʱΪټܺվͬһ̨ϣ֪η
ʱŮûɱԼѾǸ漣ˣϾԼǰǸϣһðһ˱һֻҧָͷ˵ʱͰֻϴˣǸˮʱܶôΣǺ˹ϵָоȱһֻҧָͷ϶١
˵ˮܻţŮûɱѾǸ漣ˡ
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ˮǰһΡԱоָоϧûʸҲ֪ûʸ
ԼоУֻҪʱ䣬ϧҪŮ˰Լ̫ˣ˭֪Ůûи飬ûһҶͷ۵Ĵڡ
ʲôҪ˵Ҹˡ
Ů˵Ļúϴһûߣһֱ뿪ˡ
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ŮĮܺϧǾǧ֮ζŨŨ
Ҳ֪жɱ㣬㣬;ΪУҲ㣬ϧڰﲻ㣬һʵܰﵽ㣬һȥ㣬һᣬڰһºòá
ˮ˵ĺ
Ů˲ɫĿ⿴ˮΪʲô˰ɣ
ˣҾͲһֱѰ㣬ÿο㶼֮ĺ蹵ҲһЩĴʲôҲ˵Һ£Ҳκ뷨òã
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ˮ֪ǺŮ˳ΪѶѣֻϣܺŮ˶˵仰ˮŮ˵ĻȫҲûм䡣
´ΰɣҸ뿪ˡ
Ů˵Ҫת
㣬ϣܰﵽ㡣
ˮ˵ֱӶȥһռ
Ůһ죬ץС
ˣ
ŮʱѾֻʧˡ
ˮվڰգŮʧķŮܽסռѾˣźܶණҩơϡӺһЩĳԵġ
λһƤֽд涫ôʲôζǿĶš
ҲһֺܴĽˣӦøеĵģˮվڿв֪վ˶ãŻصãĸԼ´ټʱһҪﵽ۷壬ʮ۷塣
һصãˮͽɾҪнʱ䷴ʵʵԭľﵽڵʮˮıʵҲһʵȻǺܶ࣬Բ١
ʵǿˣ׺ܶ࣬ʵҲӣñʵﵽʮ
ʵﵽ˽ʮ򣬶ɽǴﵽ˲ʮĹ
壬ˮľʵǿʹô֮ӡ¿ԴﵽʮʵַʱԴﵽֲʮʵ
۷ʵ


1346 Ϣҵ
еǿȣˮûôʵɾпʼ̫ȭ
̫ȭľ֪Ѿﵽһʲô̶ȣÿһȭһƴȥһ켣һź
һ־磬һŶǻᱻ̭ģֻӵ֮Żпܽ龳硣
ѾţֻſڲԶǻǸŮ˵֮Ҫǿܶ࣬ˮĸܵ
ʵˮ֪ŮڿˮʱҲе㾪ȣֻǲԶѣΪҲˮţһŵԽСĳɾ;ͻԽˮﵽûκ⣬ҲŮ˾֮
ãã˺ҲóһߣŮ˿ˮı仯ҲǸޱȣˮǲܣŮǲһ˵ģ˲һŮһԶǡ
ÿһμˮῴһǧĽ֪ǲΪԼܸоˮǷġ
ϧһˮҲ룬Ůˮ̫ϣҪԼϣĺãܿһ㡣
ˮ˫ְڶеһƬƬУϫӡɱ˿ѷɫ̫⣬ұ仯Ŀռܴ
һ־磬ҹ˹ΣǾһֺܸߵľ磬˵һ֡
һĴڣõţһָоǧץסһ̫ˣץס˾һ
ҹ˹ҲǸˮţҲΪеѪʵԭȻһֲľ磬˵ѾﵽһոµĲΣһֿԴ
ҹ˹ֻҪΣܴﵽ飬ֻҪ㹻۷Ҳܴ򵹳飬ȻҲҪĻξ

ڶ죬ˮõˣ˵ǰҸǸԪ
ʱ֣˻ûҹ˼ҵˣĻҹ˶ҹ˶ˣˮ΢ЦţֻɫŹޱȡ
ˮҲһΪĸоǹģѵѾϢ
ˮӭ
ҽʱ䶯úܴ˺ܶѰæҲֻõһǽΪ¡
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ˮ΢΢üˡ
ʵ˵ɣҹ˼ҲûٲˣݵĶѾֹҹ˼ңٲ飬ҹ˼ҹҲôˣǸ˲ҹ˼ҿԲġ
ҹ˶̾˵
һˮˣҹ˼ʸ鶼ûУǸ˵ʲô·ǸطȻٷݣҲܡ
ֻһܣޱߵĺݡ
ȻõһϢϢʲôϢֻȷĴڣһǺǿ
ҽǸ˲㻭һҲȫȷϣϾǧ治У᲻һء
ҹ˶Ѵ˵
ǰɣ鷳λˡ
ˮԲˣ֪һЩڲҪﵽĸ߶ȣߵҹ˼Ҷûʸ֪Ϣɼǹôǿ
пʧȥ䣬˵ôˣ᲻Ȣ᲻ĸ׺֪֪࣬ԼĴڡ
һ죬Լ
ˮеңҹ˶ҹ˶ҲûдˮҲҶˮʲô뷨ǺҲĺ
ллλҲ֪ʲôʱҾҪ뿪ǰݳǡ
ˮ仰ԣʱ뿪ͲҪ˵ˣûиȷеϢ
ҹ˶ҹ˶ҲֻɣһǸӣҿԺܴȱ˵ϣıҹ˼ңǻ練ƣͲ˵Ǹ˺ʵǰ˵ǱҲޣܴﵽʲô̶˭Ҳ˵׼ҹ˼ҽκβģΪҡ¼ҵӵ߼ĹϵǳԻǾúˡ
ҹ˶ҹ˶뿪ˣˮֱȥ˺СѾͷ¥ţСѾͷ濴ʲôǷЦһҲ˸оͻأ泩ĸоСӵЦ˵õ֡
壡
ˮˣСѾͷĵĽе
СѾͷԬҲ죬ˮһСѾͷϲ֪ˮӵףʱͱʾˣŮҲҪ޸ˮĶӣˮЦá
ˮo˴кȥ
ˮ뵽ǰҲףұС·䣬Ǹʱ˫ҳǲܱԷĺӣرзĸǲܱԷСŮΪӵӣʵûʲôСӣǶҲŮһصĵطǲġ
һݷͨһЩһֵķǰһֵķ
ҾܽһԱȽϵ͵ļ壬͵û֪֪˲٣ô죬ܱ˽ӴģŽǰйϽӵŰ裬żıΪΪҲҹϽҵʵҲϣӦҲеϵɡ
ǴӺŽȥģﻷţܰطҲǺܴ󣬻ϼһӰǴ壬ׯԺǺܴģֻǺԺһСԺҲ
˸֪ﻹס˰ɣ
ԺһЩɽֲ֮ԺӲ󣬵ҲԣҲһĶأеʩУȻ¾ɣȴһֹζ
һϵڱĿοݣĺ֮꣬ȴһ˵Ϣܰ꣬һͨˣиоһˡ
ʱŵ۾ˣƽŵЦ⣬ܲɣӡǡ
ĸ
СѾͷĵֱ˹ȥĽס򵥵ĶˮһȻ
Ȼ
Ȼ˵ľǲףӦǱҪһЩľɣ
ڣ
˹ļ
СӼ˼ҡ
ˮҲĴкҵǿֵ𾴣Ƿֲġ
ˣô֮һǰ;˵ҽ˵Ĳ԰
΢Цſˮ
˵֡
˼һ棬ʵѧĺӣʲôҲǸʦĴԵУҸоǧþѧʲôֻҪѧʲôһڣĽһġ
ˮ˵
˵úãôʶѵãһͱͬ˾Ϲﶼǿ١
˵ͷ
үӦø˵˰ɣǸԪġ
ԪѰһǿ󣬿ϧͣˣʲôûˡ
黹ǺƽƺҲһ
ָһЩأȻһЩеĳʺͰһЩأֻЩҪϵϡ
ףЩҩʦҽʦҲ˵ⲻ֣ԼҲ֪ЩȷЩ
˺ĿˮϾı仯ѾǾ޴ˣֻ첻ߡ


1347 ҵ̬ȣ٣
˿ˮܺ棬Ǳҽʦҩʦһκθоģˮһı仯˸еر𾪡
Ȼʵܶ࣬Ҳ֪ҽԼ龳ûЧԸһԣǼ֤һ˵ҽҲһԡ
Ҫʲô
΢Цſˮ
ҪģԼûǿҵԸҩҲûãҿ˼ƺѾҰЧС˺ܶࡣ
ˮҪȻǿҵ
˳Ĭʵھˮ˵ģǿĺأѾþƽĶȹµ
ǿ߶Ǽįģ帮ͲֵܸӰ־ͬϵѾǲɶҸˣܶ˿вѣĲǶôҪá
ҿ˼ִﵽһƿѵͻƿ𣿡
ˮ仰˵ʵֻǲ֪ʲô磬Ͼ֮ʲôʵ֪
ףܿҴﵽһƿ֮ڣʵһؾƽҪͻƵؾҪһ١
٣
ˮɻʵˮһЩ˹龳⣬оеͻлȻŹ
ţҲʮؾҲʮ𣬾ۡһǰЩֻҪͻƿܴﵽһ磬е㲻ͬÿһζҪһ٣ֻгɹɹٵĲͻƵһ磬ʧ˾³Ժܶ龳Ͳͻˣһʧֱʧˡ
˻Ϊˮ˵
ٺ𣿡
ˮܺ档
龳ͻƵһξҪͻƵǰıϣͻƵǰϵʱһЩ󣬴˶ףһؾһףؾףұһ׸ʱҲ
ÿߵһ𣿡
һһ㣬ʵԽǿ͸ڶôֲҲ֪
˵ЩҲһ˿
ÿͻһǲкܴʵ
ˮЦ˵
Ǻͽ龳ʱʵйϵʮͻƵģʮʮҪ˺ܶ࣬ٺʵҲԽԽԶ
Ŷԭ˼Ұ԰ɣ
ðɣ
΢Цŵͷ
Ͻ˼нӹСѾͷȻſȥҲûж˵ʲôֱӽ⡣
ˮȰ˹̱ԪģȻͷеʡҽ޸һЩȻͻƵ޸һЩԶųһЩʣ˱Ͼ˺ܳʱ䣬еĳǲٵģȻǿ󣬵еʱҪ˲֪ٱ
һεκɫҺε䣬Ȼ˽ȲһС룬ˮֺСȥˡ
СѾͷ棬Ͼ뻹ǲСӿΪá
һųȥʱһϢȻ΢ǺҲһ㣬һȼϣؾء
ųܶʱѾȫˮĻ˵ҽ̫ˣ˭ܽһҽǼĸϾһǿܶǧ꣬ô
ǿˣҲᣬ˵־ŻǺϣܰ꣬ȴǶһ־һһ鶯
˷Լʵȹˣ֮ŻЦֻƾһҽҲ۳Ҵ½ˣʱգһ仰ͻвΪǰͺ̡
˼˵Цˡ
ˮҡҡͷ
ûУ˵ģǰҪתĿǿʵܡ
ϲǲΰ˵
ţҲŬʵ
ˮҲ
졢ҽʲôģЩˮĿģֶֻΣһͨǿߵֶΣȻԸֻԵģö
֮ԶˮôߣΪˮӵԪܸߣعҲڰ˰ꡭ
ԪѾܾˣԴﵽǧ£ϧ˶ǧ꣬һǰԪĵҩܳԵĶԸࡣ
˰ˮѾˣ˰궼ģһʱûס֣һ߳ϲӰ죬Խϻ٣ʦһֻܻԪһԪҲһ롣
ˮȫʩΪӦܰ˰Ԫᵽȫİ˳ɣٶˣҽҲﲻ
ԺΣҵѡˣʲô
˿˵
ڣסˡ
Ҳһˣűȱ־Ͳ˺ܶࡣ
˼ңСѾͷںҼҶףԺΣǳѻ׼ء
ˮЦţͬʱҲ֪ڱ̬
ãoһøǣɾͷǷҲһԭˡ
˼վŴˣo
˼ңŵҩ֪ʵûã
ˮݹȥƿζǿ
ãԡ
˽ӹպá
ˣƵǰʱʹãӦõʱͻƵǰ׼
ˮ뵽ʲô˵
лˣ
˼ңҲѣǺˮɣ
ǾͲˣˮҪлл㲻ͻûϣˡ
һ̸缸ֱԷ
˼ңҹ˼ô
ˮԥһ˵
һ£һɣļܶ࣬ģҹ˼ҵʵҹ˿Ǻǿġ
˵ֵĿˮ
˼ңݳǵʵô˵ݳǱ߱ҹ˿ƺǿܶࡣ
ˮҹ˶ҹ˶˵ǱǿߴӦÿҹ˼ҡ
ݳһǿ֮ҹ˿һص߶ûС
˼ң֪ħħʲôʵ
ǸŮ˺һΪУӦúǿֻ꣬ԼħΣ
һ˲ûô棬Ҳûˮʲô˵ħʵǿǸŮҲǿӦúͷǿʵ࣬Ҫֻͨǿ󡣡
˵Ĳ࣬ˮҲһЩ˭ԸҲô׵ġ

ˮصõʱѾǰˣһȥҲջĶ࣬ԼǸŮ˵·ܳĸǸ˺ҲǿһֻԼﵽ졢ﵽ߲ȥ顣
о⿡Ҫѵһʷ䣬ھҩѰҿǲҩ޵ȼĵҩ
ʱжȹ֪ǰ⾰
ڱ˵絯ָ䣬ˮһĺܳʵֻм仹ǻңζǿǵʵȻֻļá
еһǽչٶһζǿ˸޴ķԾԺʵĽӵĿ¡
˫ҲˣʵҲһ޴ķʽӽҹ˹裬ֲͬԴһκˮ˫޾ʺǿĸֳ


1348 仯ˮ۷
Ҳ˵ʵﵽһ׺¡䣬Լ¸¥ǣСʱÿǣˮѾվͬ˵۷塣
ˮе㵣ĵʦװ࣬ƶ˱һ㣬ֻ˿һ㣬ˮѾ˵츳Ч׿Խٶȿľˣ֮ǰʵ̫ˣһ츳ˣǱ֮ǰٶȿ˲֪ٱ
ΪŮҲеƲ֣رʦװ鶯˱ˮҲ˼꣬ˮŮˣȻû˵ǶԼʵ⡣
൹Ǻ㣬ÿ󲿷ʱ䶼ڿӣ˭Ҫ͵ǣһҲǿҲǿοСӶ֡
ˮҩ˺ܶ࣬ϧյ٣ʵӵĺ٣ˮʱҲûа취ֻܼǿ̱Ԫ
ˮǲҪǰĿתƣϽѪ飬ˮһֱѪЧ㲻ϽѪ׳
ʱˮҲرĳʵɾʱеѾ˾޴ı仯
ˮһֱעŽ󣬰ʱ䣬ɾ൱ʮ꣬ʱ䵤ҩûٳԣǰںϵʲôĶõһ޴ȹ̣ƺһʱ䱬ʵӣһЩսҲ˾޴ı仯
ʵﵽʮʵˮ֪Щһֱڹ۲Щޣƺս޵ʵʱҲˮоǲҲҪšɡͻơ
ˮæ¿
֮սõʮʵ
Ҳˣˮǵǰʮġ
çײ屶޲𹥻ʮĿꡣ
ĿֶʮǽȺɱսҲǴļǿ˺ܶࡣ
̤Բ磬˱ʵĹһļΧĿ֫ľ޷ж
ٴˣѪ֮ٴη˱仯սѾʼˡ
˲ǧ֮˲Ծ
ս˲һɵԷǿɱĿɵٶȣһʱ
շħʩչǧ֮ڵĶĿ꽵һɵʵĿ겻Գʮʱһʱ
սûб仯ˮˡ
ͻ˲䷢ʮĹĿ꣡
ˣҲˣ
棺µĺ󹥻джƼ׵Ĺͬʱеٶȡ
ۼףսķ͹ǿ͹ĸ
һˮһ£û뵽ۼսҲһرҪǾʵģô󷢶ͻѾﵽʮʵ޲˵ˣ˵ʹõ˻һʴô֪ʵ⣬Ҳ޵һһ¡
ʱˮʵˮıʵѾﵽ˶ʮһʵһεĻˮҲġ
ˮʱҲһıʵˮıʵﵽ˶ʮһ
ˮڵıǽĵȸ´ﵽ˾ʮʵַԴﵽʮݵĹѾƽ۷ʵﵽ˶ʮĹ
˵Ժƭ˵ģɽĹ鶯ľˮľͬʵǿ̫ˣʶеľǱ˶ٱϾɽĲǺܶ࣬ԾɽҲһ޴ʮĹпµĶܻ
ˮֵľҲﵽ˲ʮʵʹô֮ӡĻܴﵽʮļֱͻʮʵ
ļʲʵˮԳԽʮʵͻƵߣˮʵһֱҲôѭݵһЩԼϹǿ
ϹǿǴﵽ۷壬һʱǰ˺ܶ࣬վ˰ɽĴѾңңȻǺԶȴĿߵˡ
ĺǿоԼһ԰쵽
죬ֻҪͻ˰죬ˮ͸оԼԷԼˣһԼǿ󡭡
֪ԼǲֻʵͻʮҲڲʳֵ³ԽʮǾҪʵﵽʮԼϽ޴ıоӦûܿ죬ǸʱҪʼ׼׼ˣﵽͿǰݳǻٱߵĿǿˡ
Ȼûн飬ˮ˵ԼѾ֮µĵһˣΪл֮нշħڽԽǿ󣬽շħҲ͸ӰԵˣʮʵֱӱʣʮ˵ԼľɽѵֵٶȻжܻЧʮʵмܶѡ
ʶˮޱȵ㣬һ۷мܲסԼľɽɽľԼıʵǿʱɽһһƬ鲻飬ȫɵ
ԸõģɽľҲôģײİϹҲͻơ
磬ҲǲСԼʵɽĹʵĿǰ׶Ժҹ˹Ļһƴˡ
˵ҹ˹裬ĻҲʱһ磬ӰڵĻƽ𼶣ʵӵֻÿһֻҪȫʵһɣʱһʱʱʵ
ھԵʵ֮±ɢʶ֧䣬ѩ׵ľ޴ϻСѾףΪޱȣһ塣
̤ŵҹ˹ʵҲܿ죬ֻΣеϢõĿˮҹ˹̤ҹ˼ҹҪʮ꣬ڿˡ
꣬Ӧùˣ
ʱ䣬õӰѾ鲼ҹ˿ǣǸļҲƵ˳ҹ˿ǰˮ
׳ǣ׿ҲǰûкˮˮϲûʲôѣЩǰԼѻ̫ˣԺЩ˻ϡ
ʲô棬صҩݡϡƷȻˡ
ʱˮβõٺöҲò˶Ƿ飬궼ûҵʵˣԬպѻ궼Ǻǰ˷츲صı仯ʵرҽˮҲС
ʱˮÿ¶ĴεΰڣʱѾǵһͷǼ̵ıѾɶˣ⣬һͻ̤顣
ȻǰǳɹǳȥˣҲΣգ籬壬˵ģҲǳΪߣȴûܡ
ҵǸ˳̤ؾ磬Ϊҹ˿ǿʵͨ˽龳Σأÿһؾ֮Ĳܴ󣬶ÿһؾͻƶž޴Σա
ͻƵʱˮҲڸҰʩػͻƳɹļʣˮԼлҽʦĵ·ǿԼߡ


1349 ͻ飬ˮٴ
һҸоӦÿˡ
ˮĵ˵
ˮ΢Цſ죬һٴγͻƣͻ۴Ҫһֶ˵ǴﵽĳһεƷ
֮Ȫ
˵Ǻ֮ȪŲЧĶ֮Դݡ֮ʥҶȣˮû뵽Լռе֣֮ãڲס
Ѿ֪ǵڶٴΪˣÿζо޴ջ񣬲Ȼƶûˣ˵۷ıϣɲôͻƵġ
Ҳòˣϴˮоһ¾ͻˣڶѾȥˣһβͻˣһ߽ԼİµˮǺܼġ
ʩ룬ǰһʱ䣬ľǱˮӹ̼ǿ˺ܶ࣬οζǿҲ˲ɺӵá
ǸţߣζǿãˮܿģпĻһԭ
ħ
ˮ͸ĶоζǿϣʹãܿԼȥݳˣȥݳǾ;ˣħҲͽˡ
ؿʼˣˮʩ뻤סû˺֮ǣȫĳأˮö̡ܻ
һΡ
ʱһĹȥͨıҲڱɶƺʱпܱƣÿλô˿˿һǲϡ
ﶼ׼ҲûдϾͳƣľγһѭ塢ټ壬ٱء
أ
һƵ𣬱ϱһһ˲һ˿ֲб𣬾籬ըһ㡣
ˮǰػôʱӹ̾Ȼǰһ̵ıܲס
ͻƵһ˲䣬һ΢Сֱӳˮ壬žֱӳˮһţɽһֱӵסˡ
أ
ǹɾߵɽǳžˮ忪˽𵤡
תĽ𵤾ȻĽˣԴԴϡ
ͻʱһ̱Σգܶ˶ǱŵƤһЩʵй¶ȥе˾ƣϣǲҪľˣֻ΢ܵӰ죬ҪľôͲô˵ˡ
ʹĿлһѪҲй¶ʵˮһЩʵ˵Ǻ¡
ˮ֪Ǻ»ǻ£ܿͱǹɳȥ
ˮҲ֪ɹˣһԪԼĲ²Ԫܶ࣬ͻ˵ǰ۾ﵽ龳硣
ˮŴʱյ죬Ǹ߿գƲû˻ԼôߵĵطѾûȴпͨҲᰲȻ
ҲҪʱ䣬Ǳعƣû˴οػš
µˮµֽ̺ǰ˲ֹһֻֻһûǰȫܼʮʱĻھͿԼֳʮʱǹɾԼĺô
ɽǹһ£û磬ˮͻ飬֮ǰǹϾɽʱþɽͻһأϧû˿仯
ܵ˵ԼõĺôҲǾ޴ġ
ɫѾʼ컺˫ۣһ˿βסľâǸͻԼʵƿزסԭ򣬿ˮ˵סĿġ
ҾͲ˵ллˣͷӱѾûжûˣ龳Ҳǲϣˣһжġ
е㼤˵
үӣ֮仹ҪڷҿûмѣȻڿܶ˶ǶҺ飬Ϊҵҽ
ҵҲΪҽ
Ц˵
ˮҡҡͷЦһҵչֵ벻εķۣοҵһܱȵģڴʲôˣ𡣡
ͷӳΪΣ鲢ֻʵܺԶõѣֻҪ飬ʲô鶼һԡ
ûйֵıʲôΪЩ˵Ķ˷α

صˮɾʱҲˣȥˮûģ˼ڸ飬ͻ˲䣬ˮҲиܣǹǴӱϺӿըġ
ڴ򿪱ϺӰٻѨӿģϧûгͻƶʱս׵׵磬󲿷ͻʱǲҲһ˳ֻ֣ǳֵĺ٣˵ֻʮʵͻƵʱ
ʵûдﵽʮͻƵ龳ʵֱӴﵽ˲һʮʵʮʵͻƺֻһʵʮͻƺʮͻ֮Ĳ࣬ʵԽԽ
ɾ֮ѾǽҹˣߵʱԬջûϢڿȲ衣
ô˺Ȳ裬С˯š
ˮ߹ȥ˵
֪ԬѾˡ
Ҳ˯ˣɴȵˡ
Ԭտˮ΢Ц˵
ˮԼҲһ衣
ôҲ˯
Ԭշ²豭ˮʵ
˯˾ͳһⷢôǲʲô£˭ˣ
ˮԬ֮ҲǺĬԬҲǽķſˣҲǺܺõѣرʱ䳤ˣ˵һʱ仹Ǻܶġ
һҲ̸ֻһЩɵĻ⣬ǰҲദҲȽɣôʱˮǻÿ»ȥһΣԬһˮȥϧˮҲû
ˮ߸ԺлģûԺлģԬҲǺܿģʵʵ㹻ԼҲܻȥϧҪʱ̫
ǸСˡ
ԬûлصЦŲ⡣
Ŷ˵ʲô𣿡
ʱˮӴĲǺܶ࣬һˮæǸŮ˴󲿷ֵطǲһģʱҲıˣûһʼֳҲû֮ǰ߻УҲ¡
ˮκүӵĲҲˮ룬Щʱ䵹ҲǲѣˮҵİǾ޴ģΪʲôΪ뻹ǿƵա
û˵ƺϲ㡣
ԬЦ˵
ˮһ㶣һʼˮҲûзϲԼЩҲвټӴʼûб¶ʲôˮѾſˣһ˳Ȼˡ
ӦûаɣʶҲܳʱˡ
ֻ˵ϲ㣬ڿкܶϲ㣬в֪Ů޸أ
ԬǿЦһ˵


1350 ԬյҩԪ
ˮŹֵĿԬգû˵Цҡҡͷ⼸ҳȥһ£ϸеæˡ
Ŷõģû⡣
ԬɵЦ
û»оҩʵģҲкܴôġ
ʱԬæѧϰҽһֱûҩ¾ˮҲ֪ǲǻбҩô˵ҲǺܺõˣ֮Ӧûﻥ
ǻﻥ˻ߺ໥ˡ
ȻˮԬգˮõһֵĺôĻرˮһֱŷ˾һߣһɣ˸һַ㣬ỹ࣬ӱõһֺôỹʮ֣֮ϲܵʧȻ˻մ˵˼ˮҲѪ޹顣
ԬˮĻЦˣڿˣСŮӻΪⷽء
ˮԴŮϤرʺǰе㲻ͬ󲿷ʱ仹ֵţ˸оޱĸоʱŮ˻úƽʱһﲻһˮҲ˵
ˣˣڵʵҩҲϣóֵҲһˣܲƳɹҲûаա
ԬЦŵݸˮһƤֽ
Ƥֽ޼ĺܾ£ûζ滹һ˿ζһŽ׵ƤֽˮоӦƤ
ˮӹĶûãʵҲһƬʵٵ͵ʵҩǰͻһЩͿϸˡ
ŶﻹмţȥɣǲƳɹƶʧˣϣˡ
ԬһԵͳһҩˮ˶զࡣ
ŮֻԼڣҲ֪ƵҩǰģӦɣϾʵҲŷֲĹϵ
ҾͲˡ
ˮЦץȥǰҩóһҩԬ˵Լʵõġ
򿪣֣
Ԫ
ǺܶҩϣЩˮûϸǻԼУ֪󲿷ֶùģҪǺܸߣӣ̫ˣ䷽йԲʮҩݻһЩϵĲϡ
ˮֱӿЧ
һɱʵһɵʵ
ʦ
ƣÿÿֻܷʳһţ۷ֻܷʳһš
ˮǸƣⵤҩǿ󣬶ҿһֱõ۷壬ϧԼֻܷʳһţ˫ҩҲֻܷʳš
ԼʵѾﵽʮһһɾǶʳžǽ룬ˣҪľǰⵤҩƳߵʹãϧҲҪʦ˵ֻҪﵽʦˮа취ǵʵԪ޷졣
Ϣɣض𶼻ġ
ˮվѾǵڶ죬Խɾˡ
߼ȻѣҲͶˣҩҲǿˣΪܶĵҩǵͼ߲ʹˣ񼶵ҩһͼֱӳΪһֱͨӳΪ߾Ѿ񼶵ҩˡ
𵤶Ǵ˵ˣͼĴ˵𣬸߼˵ܴﵽ۷ʳ񼶵ĵҩҲֱͻ
ˮص䣬ԬտˮʧıӰþ÷
ϵܺãӴĴҲ٣ԼκõģҲˣҲԼҪֿģΪҲˣ˵̤ǿ
ʱӦˣ֪Լ㲻ƽʱҲ뵽ûжô˼ֻе񣬱Ͼ֮һӿȻβȲѣ˾ǿˡ
һֱڼϡͿĵ˷ݣһ֪ⱲԼҲٻȥˣȻ츳Ҳô߳ݣꡣ
ﲻֵһᣬȻͨ࣬ǿǣ߼еأǺܴǿ߲ô׼ġ
ƾ費ҽҩҲòŲСкܶյ壬յ˽УԬպܴøҲʱת
õĳϣãڴԼע˾ˣֻû뵽ñ˾Ȼˮ
һԼ۾ΪǷݣȻȻסֻԼ֪ԼôĿġ
ҲǾ˵˰ɣָоĺܺãرıʱ
ˮ򷿼䣬ǸܵԬһָӵ΢΢˦˦ͷֱӽ˷䣬Ͻɾ
ȥ׿ɣҹ˿Ѿû⣬ڣòκ£ҹ˼ңˮҹ˹ɳʱ򿴿ǸŮδɡ
ˮҲ֪ĸҹ˹ףȻҹ˹ǲףĸˣҲΪĸҲǱģоҹ˹ǲ׷Źҹ˼ҵġ
һҩˮЦˣԬյǿܰѺֲܶرԵҩҩݵʵֲ̫ȶ඼ϰ֣ҲΪʲôûܸԳҩܲУôҩںƳɵҩ̸ף󲿷ҩʦֱӾͻ˵ⲻҩôҩݲںϡ
ܶ඼ҩݳͻˮܿͷбҩݿҩԳͻҩкںһˮЩҩĹЧԼʹʱټߣûʲôã㻹Сʹû൱ġ
ˮһŽһſԬյǺǿģЩҩԼкܴܳɹɱҩʦһҩʦֱΪǲܳɹģǿҩʦǲʱ仨ôߵĵҩϣοɹļʺã
˵Ԭˮʵ̫ˣҲֻˮĵҩ
һ飬еĲһ£ʣµһһҩݲȫгͻ˵ƳҲʹá
ʣµʱˮʼƣҩķѶʱ䣬һʱһ׼
ƹǿģƵǹԪߵҲãӹʦֱӾܷõ۷壬ҩ㹻ǿˣҲôףоȻһζҩϡ٣ȴǿ֮Ȫ档
ˮֶڲ֪ø˻ƣ߲ݣˮɲϣʧܣһʧܣ߲ݺ֮ȪʹˮƯˡ
ʧܣ
ʧܣ

ʧܣ֮ееۣʧΣ߲в٣֮ȪҲв٣ЩǼֵǵĴڣʹ˽߲ݵ»ʧˣֻʱ飬ΪҩЧԭ
ٴơ
ʧܣ
ˮһĶѪΪζҩݵʱһʱиʧˡ
ȡǰνѵÿһʧˮȡѵȻ´αܿʧܵԭҩȫڽȥ֪Լɵʱʶ߶ȼУ¯Ѿ˵ҩڵϤ졣

˵һһǳɹˡ
Ԫʱ䲻࣬ĵҩ


1351 ҩҹ˶ģ竣
ƳɹˮȲĴ򿪽¯¯ѩ׵ĵҩСĴָǴһ㣬ɢŨҩζ
һҲˣϾֻ۷ʹãˮԭϻ۷壬Իʹãʱƾû÷ˡ
ˮʳһβʹﵽ۷壬ϵ۷壬ˮи뷨ʮ۷壬ĻԼ׬ˣֱùԪԼʵᵽһµľ硣
۷ֻܷʳһΣôԼﵽ۷ҲٸһΣԭġ
ˮûмʹãǼƣһ죬ˮĳɹûл˵ƺʱ䲻ϧ̫ľƲ˼ξҪϢһҩʦƲɹһؾ͹ȥ
϶˾ָʵ˳оһҩƣԬյҩģرķѾ
Ԫ衭
ʵһֵҩһֱûиʹãƽƵԭһֲȶأΪаٷ֮һļ˾ϡ
ˮʳƽƵõҩǸƵģ֪ȱЩҩݣñĵҩ棬ʱƳƽƵһٷ֮һʹ߾ϡ
֮ˮһֱûƣٷ֮һļȻ󣬵һ˾ͻܵùϣҾˮҽǿ󣬵ϻǺֵܼġ
뿴ûбİ취ûˣֻðһ£ٷ֮һļʻرСģ˵һٴҲһΡ
Ԭգˮ뵽Ԭգ߽ʱܵԬյĿԼϣԼƽƵҩһܸԼġ
뵽취ˮܿģƽƵƳɹôߵҲһ޴
ƽƣ֣ʲôʵʹãֻЧÿ˶ͬ
ȫʱ伸ϣȻм仹ǻͼû硣
޵ʵյĺʯãˮһĹĵѾƽ۷壬Ȼһ㣬һ۷塣
ԽٶȺܴܿﵽ۷ˣʱҲͻƵıϣս޽ӭؼһϡ
ȥսޣһȫµľ磬粻ȥͲܽԶս
ڶˮҲϾɾҲˣƵĵҩûüԣԥһˮûȳȥٻʱ˵ɣ
ˮ֪Ԭ˯ûУѾˣѧԣˮеһЩСʲôģæĲֺ
ˮôɰһҲɵЦˣˮԬոое㲻˼΢΢һۣҪҪԣҸ㡣
Ȼ
ˮЦ˵
ѻڶǺڼסѻ͵ʱãÿŵʱ䲢磬˵Ų棬õʱԺɡ
ܿԬվͶŷ˳ڲ輸ϡˮʱӣԬˮ档
ˮ˵ûУҹ˼Һˮƺìܣ
Ԭһ˵Ҫһڡ
ìܣ
ˮû˵
ˮҹ˼ҵ⣬˵ˮҹģҹ˼ս
Ԭձ߳Ա˵š
ϴεˮǵˮǸСү֪ˮҵΪΡ
оҹ˼ҺˮǸʺͳҹ˿أ
ˮЦʵ
ԬգΨ˫ۿˮ˭Ҳʺϣ˭ҲʺϣһĻɫ֪ע˭𣿡
ˮһ㶣û˵ʲô
ҹ˶ģ
ˮ΢΢üͷûٲ㣿
аǰ˵ڳΪõҽʦҲӿ
Ԭ˵ʱԳЦˣҪǰ˵ԼҲԸ
ҹ˶Ҳҹ˼Ҷֱģҹ˹һ֪Ǹ޸һ
˵ʲôûУ
ˮоԼʱ뿪ˡ
˵⼸컹ҿĶʮ巿С檡
ҿ١
ˮ̲ס˵˳
Ԭһ죬ҩʦ仰Ȼ֪ʲô˼ˮֿоһĸое㿪ġ
ˮƺҲ֪Լ˵ˣεЦЦ㲻õģ˭ΪõˣҾˡ
ҿһˣֻæˣﲻҲԼȥҹ˼ұϾһĶ
Ԭ˵
ҵѣ˭ֻҪ۸ҵѣҪҴֱ뿪֮㱻۸ġ
ˮɵ˵
лл㣬Ҳˡ
Ԭ˵ʵﻹǺܸмˣݵʱ֪ˮһԾŶˣ˵Ļаա
ʱͲ뿪ˣߣȥ¥Եҩ⻹Ҫо
ʲô
һŲƵҩ㲹ȫ
ƽƵ߲ˮǰʳƽƵֻǺЧҲƣҲûУԽʲôҩͱȽˡ
ˮ˵ʱѾҩݹȥˡ
ˮ֪Ԭպ˵֮ǰ֪㲻ȥˣĻԬһᾡ
ʱԪ
С㣬ҹүҪС㡣
ô죿ţ֪ˡԪСϾȥ
ˮЦ˵
С㡭
㻹Ǻְɣƺܹ֡
Ԭˮһ˵
ȥλҹүҪʲôɣ
ˮЦŴͷ߳ȥ
ˮһۿҹ˶ĵʱ֪ҹ˹ĸףҹ˹費ϵǸףΪЩطĺ
һˣԵӣո˵ӣе컹еﻹһǿߵƺ͹
ҹ˼ҵ竣Ҳҹ˼ҵţǸˣҲҹ˿ĳ竣ڸļɫȴ綾ЫŮһ뾡ְ취ƾݡ໹ǿʵŮˡ󸾡ǧɶ˻֪ǸʲôȴֿƲסԼ
֮ǰҹ˶ĵ˽⣬˵ʱһЩϸӵŷѾǸ۷ˣ䵱ϾԵţһĴ󲿷˦ˡ
뵽ЩˮԼڲ˽ܲ˵ģΪǰԼľɽԵֵˣɽڵĹﵽ˲ʮǵ磬ٶȺǿµĶܻ˵ҹ˶ֻʮʵٶ༸Ҳֻмܵķݡ
ˮںܿģһ˵Խҹ˶߻мˣеѷɫˣˮҲûʹԬǵĶ档
ҹã
ˮЦſˡ
ãСá
ûɫȻţ˸оĹ塣
Ԭû˵ֻǳЦſˮżῴҹ˶ġ
֪Сʲô飬æġ
ˮԷҲסˣɴ࿪żɽ˵仰ǲɵ˶ʲô˼


1352 ҹ˶ģʮӰнɻ
˶ܿԬһʲôҲû˵ˮ˼ԣҪԬա
ʲô˼ĪûʸС㣬ҵС㣬ÿ⣬ʲô̬ȣĪǲù˿𣿡
ҹ˶ƽЦ
ϲ˲Ը⣬ԬնҲνͶͱǨϲŮ˶ԼԼԼԼŵɫоһֵ̬
ҹǸˣﲻ̣ҲУʲô˶Ҫʲô飬ӦòŻῤûжðɡ
ˮ̬ߵԲͣŰ⡣
ҹ˶Ļǵһμô˵ˣҿʱƻſɿɣ
ҹ˶ú
ҽֻ˵һ仰Ԭõҽʦ㲻Ҫ㲻䡣
ˮƽվҲû˿仯
ˣ뿪һЩʱ䣬èʼQˣ֪֪ҵֽҹ˶𣿡
ҹ˶ŭЦ˵
Ϊҹ˼ұΪ㣬ҹ˼ҪΪҲؽҹ˼յء
ˮҲиж˵Ϊҹ˹ʱҹ˿Ҳġ
ǲΪҽҾͲɱ㣿
ҹ˶˫ÿ˫۴ʱ죬ǳˮס
֪֪˽ӵܣӵܻӵܣοϷУֻһѡ
ˮĻҲǹˡ
˽ӵܣͬ˭ҵĶ֣֮ұȻͻƵߡ
˵Щҹ˶رԺͽ
Ҳǰˮ˲࣬ΪӴֵýҲ࣬ʵﶼȱˣֻǸȣеʱĽƿغˣһַȺԽڸоϲͻأ
ҹ˶ľҹ˿ױȵƣδﵽ۷壬ȻʮҲӣε۷ǷëǵĴڡ
ʵòȵȣ˵һʮȫʮˣ˲ֱܣϧˮͿˣرھݣΪͬû˿ǰʱҹ˶ҲûʱʵУòˮҲˮҹ˼ҵļѾû̫в
ɣǴһˣԺҪԬΣ
ˮںҹ˼ֵò죬ҹ˼λҹ˹ɣο˻ǸҪˡ
Ӯңƾ㣿
ҹ˶Ц˿ˮ
ôң
ˮЦ˵
ɣҪˣҾˣСøô
ҹ˶Ŀˮ˵
ˮҡҡͷЩòõ⣬ҪƾԼ׷ϲŮˣ붯һ
ˮ仰Թ¥в˵ģҶڸæģȻҲһЩҹ˼ҵ΢Цſҹ˶ġ
úã˾ҵĸˣҾԲġ
ҹ˶ɫѿڿɱֱҪ񶾵Ķࡣ
ټһ㣬˲ֻҪһϵҶͷϣ߰ɣȥһһӮ
ˮ˵ֱȥ
Ҳųȥ¥Ҳˣ½ȶÿ첻֪ٴΣԼĺ٣ϧսȻһӿ
ʹ˻вˣ½½ӣٶȺܿ죬Ϣǽһ졣
ҹ˼ҵҹ˶ĺõҽʦҪȶˡ
˵˭Ӯ
ʮǰҹ˶ľͬе̳ھ˵Ѿﵽ۷壬Ǵ˵е½Ҳһ
ϣõӮҽǿ󣬲֪ΪΣ
˵׼˻ΪͷҲ˵׼Ͼ˶Ƿ顣
ҹ˼Ǹ࣬竣żǿˣҹ˶ĿǲҪΪġ
Ůǻˮҹ˶ȱǼŮϵģһ᲻ֶεĸ㵽ֵ֣ܵҹ˶ĵŮҲǺ١
ٲûа
˵Ǹħ𰡣ҹ˶ĵһ̰ʾңҲֻ֪һ±ǸŮɱҲҪΪ忼ǣôΪУʧȥǿļ壬ҹ˼Ҳܲ𡣡

һʱը˹һ˵ʲôҲС
ˮվڿУҹ˶վڲԶ˵鶼رɣˮûǽΪѾڵˡ
ҹ˶ΪʲôûóˮͲ֪ˡ
ʼɣ
ˮЦ˵
ɣҿҽʲôõóֵġ
ҹ˶İһһĶ
ˮӣȻϣ㲻Ҫڡ
ȥ
ˮʶһɽֱӳ֣Ȼһŵҹ˶ȥ
죬̫ˣˮٶȡ
ԣ
ҹ˶Ǳıȥûˣһ˲䣬ˮһ֣ǻǱĹ
ҹ˶ȻûˣȴǺǱֱܻӽײɡ
ˮ˻ˮʲôսҪԼȫװ﷭ˣĿ

ҹ˶óһɫ߽һ濴Ӻؿһ㣬Ҳһ㣬ʱ۾Ķˮǰһ¼ˡ
ˮûнƣԸžԵģǰһоԼ͵Ϯһ
аţȻı
ҹ˶беĳ΢΢̧
ʩչȫɣСûˣʱ޶ûлᡣ
⣬
ҹ˶һΣһӣһӰֱˮֵʱҲǵӰˮȥһ
Ӱн
ˮ࣬ҹ˼һе̵ģӰнеǿսӰ£ҲԴﵽӰ棬ǳֲġ
ҹ˶ĸоˮǿǸֲСɽһıԼֻҪܿǸлԵõǸ
Ա̰ҹ˶˵Ů˺ŮҪϡ
ٶȺܿ죬ˮ죬˵Ǹ죬ǾŹ档
Ź

ҹ˶Ȼһһ׹ĸоܲˮӰһھŹط
ɹ
ɽ
ԡ
ˮѾٿֱӿʼ˺ÿһκܰҹ˶ĺȥɽֻӰεĸϡ
ֵˮľɽҹ˶ÿζҪȫÿһζǺܣĺܴɹǼӿĿġ
ۣ
ҹ˶һѪɽû˿ͣ¡
飡
ʱԶһϵ
ˮ¶һ˿Ц⣬ҹ˼ǷˣԺҹ˼Ҳ˲ʶȤˡ
ҹ˶Ļڷ޷ʵһ̳Ƕһҹ˼ҵϣһҲǷϣڱһС˺ܶ˴ûл֮һҲûУһǰԽȷʵȻ޴棬µֻǳ衣


1353 һս˿ɵ
Եĳ裬ԵıҪǷԽȻĸоȫ飬һҹ˶ĸоңһʱ޷ܣǰΣҲûţΪҲڡ
ˮֱջ˾ɽʵûдɱҹ˶ģΪҪҹ˹ţֺŷˡ
˾ԼϴףٵǸˣҪԼĳάˮҹ˼ңοһǱԣԺܳҹ˼ҲԸ˵䲻ġ
ҹүˡ
ˮЦŴк
Ҳ΢ЦſˮȴѾζƿҹ˶ʲôʵǺģȻô򵥵ı˴ܣ֮ǰ˵ѾˣˮǸСɽһı
뿴ͷӵ飬ʲôԲסģȸǡ
ҹү̬ŵúܵ͡
һʲôѾҹ˼ҿֹˣ֪ƺҲˣоûбʤİ¶ԷŶѾôʱ˭赲
ںΪУҪǲܶɱǽȴҹ˼ҵĽ֣֮˼ǰ˼ǸоܺͶԷΪУΪԷǸǿҽʦ
ԼҲС
˵ҺҹҲд裬иСעˣͲҪɧõˣҹү֤ˡ
ˮٴԵĺˡ
ҹȻܲˬϻҪЦӦʾûκ⣺İɣҿԱ֤ҾͲˣٵ˵ҹ˶ʧˮǰ
ҹ˶һֱججģǱҹʱҲˣˮҹ˶ʧ̾ȥܻŶǸ⣬ʬһ㣬ʵǰᵹˡ
־㹻ǿĻȥкôģͻƵʱ䣬ֿԺܴ󣬱Ͼҹ˿ǿӵܣ츳ӹɵġ
ҹ˳֣˵ҹ˶ҹ˼ҵĵλǺǿģһζҹ˶һ޴ĻԺãͻʵӵȹ̡
ҹүʵҲǴ˼ȥҪлˮǰͬûĶ֣ö֮һֲ˷еĸо죬˴ĺ޻֮Ǻѽܵġ
̫˼ˣҽҽǿ󣬾Ҳ˿ֲ
ҽʵǿ类ǸȥˣɵĿþ˵ʵ
Ҳ֪ҽղͽܣ
Ҫѧҽ˰ɣǸϡ
û˵ҰҶӰҽϺֵġ
ֲ֣ỵ́ҽŶо˭̵ܽ

ˮֱӺԬաѻãߵʱѾˣˮкСѾͷ뿪ˣ֮ǰǲˮҲ֪ˮʵҲǺܿµġ
ллˮ
ԬЦ˵
ѻɴû¥
õˣҪﻥ
ˮɵ˵һ䡣
Ԭͷ㲻֪ǸǰôĽôĲ˷һµһǵڶ飬ľ˷θ쿴ɵӸоöˡ
ˮеŮ˻Сۣ಻ɳӡ
ºˣҿ뿪һʱˡ
ˮЦ˵
һе£ҪҰɡ
Ԭ˵
ˮһ㶣ûϵģԬգ΢΢ͷǾµĶе졣
֪Ů˵ĺǿЩԾܾЩʱܾܾοһγȥҲûʲô飬ǿʶˣ۽硣
飬ʰһ£ǾͶҪϸ˵һ¡
ˮЦ˵
ھȥϸ˵һ¡
ԬտĵЦȻֱ˳ȥ
ˮ̾ϲϷңˮҲ֪һʲô飬̸ϰϲеģ˲ϲ˺١
ϵǺܲģȻû¶ʲôҲ֪ʲôԭˣŮ˺ϲԼľ
ˮڵ̬һ㲻ȥ׷˭˳ȻԵҲ赲Ե˫ģ໥ŵԵ֡
ѻʵһֱоˮԬ֮һЩϵһսΪԬգԲֻѻ꣬ҹ˶ġҹ˼ҵ˻˶оԬˮŮˡ
һԵɣʱˮֱӽɾʳ˹ԪΪڷҲԶʹüΣﵽ۷Ļֻܸһˡ
״̬ãҲҩûĻͿԸߵ˳ˣԪǸʦһֱãÿʳһһֱʳ۷塣
Ȼ˵ÿʦǷʳԪ۷ģʦ￪ʼһʵһʵҲǺģ۷˵
ǿҩԣ츳ʲеģһ㲻öùԪûЧˣ˵ֻ΢΢ЧһƿˮˣٵҲװˡ
ʳһźˮ˹һɢϢ𣬺ȻɢҵȴǺܾɢ֫ٺʵĲλƽա
ⵤҩܲǿԷúܳʱ䡣
ƽûһ˿ʵ˶㡣
뵽˫ҩˮֱٴηʳһţʵѾﵽ˶ʮˮʵʮɽʮѾ۷ʮʵ
ˮľǿֲʹô֮ӡʮַļʽǽֲʮ
ȵƣˣֻҪкʵĵҩͻʵͻѸٵûдøٺõ츳Ҳ˷ѣˮһߵ˰ѸŵһλֻҪǿʵǿ
ɸ¥ƽ𣬸Ҫ¥ĸ߶ȡ
ĵҩҲԣû⣬ֻǶˮÿԺˣԬ˵ģֻйԪãⵤҩĵҩԬյһԴα񼶵ҩҩŮˡ
ʵҲǿ󣬽շħԼĻ֮ھǶԸոͻƵ鲻֪ܲս
һȥ֪㲻ߣ
ȫ״̬ˮмʴʮʵʵⲻ̫µģµѪٵĿ½ˮопܽסԷ
ˮóֵľѪˣҪ٣ڶԸǿʱ˻õ㣬еĻϵȲˮĻϵȲɽˮõѪٺͽ𽣡
Ҳ죬ˮϵõҲ̫࣬Ϊгϫӡ
Ѿ𿪴ڸߵˣйͬʱоݹҲлɲͨ˾ͨԻ֮ȤˮһֱѰʺϵɣܿصˡսɡ
ˮֻ֪ļףɢ衢ս衭


1354 ׿ǣ׳ǣħ
ݴ½ɶǸֱɱ˵ģ񾭡ǣս⣬һ赸ҲֹЧֻǺСǿ˭ݡ
һǵŮһܶʹһЩɡɱ˾ͻúףһĹŮ˸ǿԷӳ
ҲˮһЩ컯мʳһʧˣˮһʧܣоۣⶫܴġ
ɷ壬İԼӹ̸һֱɾʱ䡣
ϸ磬һ˶ˡ
ˮЦ˵
û£ڸоôã·עⰲȫ
ѻЦ˵
һϸ红ӳǰġ
ѻĺӿҪˣѻһ̫ġ

ˮԬճŽŸ׿ȥһʱ䣬ˮоеʱ䶼˷·ˡ
и취Կһ㣬Ҫ
ˮԬ˵
Ŷô죿
Ԭղ⡣
Ҫҵ֣ҿڽ͵׿ǡ
ˮ˵
ȷ
Ԭտˮ֪ˮʲô˼ҲеСţһ֪ˮմ˵ˣ뵽ЩоԼеʧ
ȷ
ˮ˵˽
Ԭ˫֣ˮҲԥ˫ֱսԬյ˫֣ϸ壬޹ǡ
У

ԬջعʱѾ׳ǣ׿Ŀǣ
ԬտˮرľȣȻˣ˲ôԶӦòܳʱʹãȻݻС
ʵд˵ʱѾҪˣֻһʱʱˮǡһ˵ʱѾ뵽ˣ˵ȥĻԬѾʳˣɴʹ׺ˡ
׳Ǳҹ˳ǲֻ࣬ЩͬϾԶˣϰʲôĶлٵı仯ֻ硣
ݸɻܵޡҰ޵вǿ߻ܵɵвԾһֱƬ½סųǳأǳԼһЩյء½صĴСҪܶࡣ
ˮĿ𣿡
Ԭպˮڴ̲סʵ
ȻУһˣ˳㿴һ°ɡ
ˮЦ˵
ţҵˣ׼иǰţƺҲûб̫ϣ
ԬЦ˵
ȻˣǾ׼ҿɣ
ˮҸ˴׼ҵλþгԬ׼ҵķȥ
׼ң
껶ܵˣǹսˡ
һ˵һŽµ˵
˿ᣬ˫еļ㡢˵䲻ǺСϸһصϢƮݡ
ܵˣʮǰϢǸվѵʱֱʱϢݣôԶҲֻ׼ҵѪܸܵû뵽ʮϢѾȻ˷ݣƺо׼ҷ
΢Ц˵
һܲɣ粻ѩ׳üӲɣ
ˣȥɣͦġ
õģүү
һƬûʵׯ԰ˮǰиһֻ޴İ׺׵״Сչɡ
־ˮ֪׼ˣǵӦ׵ɣˮȰ׺״֮ûʲôˡ
׼֮ǿϢ˹̧ͷԶվŵһ˺һˣ϶Ϣ
˿ˮ½¶ȵɫ
õġ
ˮûж˵ŶԷ˵Լ
ŶǸҽɣȻӢ۳ꡣ
æЦ˵
ˮо˵Ц˵ˮ˼ҿˡ
ͷ껡
ҽã
ҲˮǳĴк
̨ˡ
̨Ǹƺйӡүˮϰôƺˣ˭껣һûλߵĶү껹ӣݲģϵҲģԳƺ٣ǻģҲһеĳƺ
ˮҽƺ˵ҲҪͽ˭οҲûаЩүС
ߣҽȥ˵
ˮԬһ׼ȥ֮ǰֻǼ򵥵ĽԬգ껿ԬʱҲֻЦŴк֮Ⲣûʲô̰ɫˮ߿˼֣ΪһɫԵҲȫסġ
׼ռغܹ㣬ھ˵ѾˣݳǱҲ׳ǵĴڣˮҲǼʶˡ
׼ңˮʶԸܵܶǿϢʶЩ֮ǿʢҲܶ࣬ˮҲǾޱȣ״йȻǿ
ҽȺȲ裬ȥȥ
˼㡣
ˮ˵
оʵǿ󣬵ƺ׼ҲƺǱԵһǸо
̨֪׼ʲôҪҽΣ
µˮʵ
׼ҵĴӡ
˵ʱɫе㲻һ޷˵ɫ
ˮһ㶣֪Ϊʲô껻ɫ
ʲôҪҽΣ
Ҫ˵ʱλ˽Ϊ׵Ĳ𣬶һüĿһˣ˫΢Цͻѩ׵üëһ˵ĺ
ҽɣ
ˮڸо׼һǴֱʣΪ׵˾ȻһߣҲ۷壬Ȼ׼ǿ󣬵ǿӦòᳬʮλ
۷ȴλЩпǻлͻƵġ
ҹ˼Ҳ֪ûôֱʣͳԦһļʵ֣ݳӦñǿЩ˿вų㡣
Ʋҽ˼ӹǿʢ
ˮЦ˵
һЦˣҸ˵˵ӵ
˱˵ıҪ˺ü

߻ħ
˵ˮ֪߻ħҾҲ˴󲿷֣ҽʦ˺ܶܶ࣬޲ߣһǰҽʦǺܳʱˣҲϣ
Ҫҽε˱껴һһ׼ҵĲţϧ߻ħϣǿ֮Ѫš
ħ츳׼ǿģ׼ǿļжǿ󣬿ɼħ츳ôֲ
ħ߻ħ׼ҵĺܶʹѧΪħĳɾ;Ի׼Ҵһոµľ档
ȻҲһЩϣħҪãΪ׼ҵδͲȷÿһ֧ϣħǺõģ׼ҵļλһģǼҲȻȻ֮ϣΪ׼ҵı
ħӸҡֱˬƶ״֮⻹ǳ֮壬ǿĳ֮壬Ȼˮ֪ġ
ħʱһСԺӣʱɹ̫ûбˣһɣˣȻϣͨ
ΪûˣΪǿߵƻڣһ㡢ʮˣһ˫ӺҲŹ¶ʹ


1355 𣿳ħģŮ
ˣ֪ԼôˣѾľֲģļˣæվڣ˰ɣûκˡ
ħɳƣһֿɬҲ֪ٴˣǰƵҽʦҩʦûһҲаǧʱһܶˡ
ֻҪһϣͲҪѵ㲻𣿡
΢Ц˵
룬ǰң׾ٵĽܣܰҴ
ħӢ̵˵
Ǹ˻Ը䣬ֻбƲΪʱŻίȫħˣ˵㻰ɱѣȴ˵˳ټǿҲдʱ
ôΣں༸λõλҽҲԹõĶġ
˴Ŀš
ģô˻ôġ
ħɬ˵
ɵӣ֪Ϊʲôȡħ𣿡
Ҳ̾ȴ˸ţ༰⡣
֪
ħҡҡͷ
ǳħģעд٣Ժ󻹻УħһĴڣħħҲɱߣħϣʱע⵽ԼģҲϣĶȹĽѡ
ҲеΣħܺúõģ׼һٽһ̨ףݳǵЩҲ׼ҡ
λҽ鷳ˡ
ħˮԬ˵
ÿκˣҲҪġ
ˮЦ˵
֪ħʵûб̫ϣԼԬյ̫Сˣ˵û˱֪ԼϣҲأֻǿסѡ
Ӧõģ
΢Ц˵
ħҲ΢Цţȴû˵Цݱ֮ǰʵ˺ܶࡣ
˵£Ų輸ˮħڱ˵Ҳ޷֣ˮ˵ûģƵʱ᳤һ㡣
ҽô
ˮ֣˿ʵȻƽϸĻǿһЩĵġ
Σ
ˮü˵
ʲô
Ҫʱ䳤㡣
ˮ˵
ʱ䳤೤ǲǲιʱأǰкüҽʦ
ʱһ˲˵
ˮƽĿȥ˻ۡʨǡڣһֺϵĸо֪ǹѣǾ¡
㣬񡣡
˳ֹȻǸĿˮҽҪ֡
ˮҡҡͷղλ˵Ķԣûи׼ȷʱţɣһ£һұ֤֪ʱܲܽܡ
ߵݿôǺѵõģҹ˼ҵ߶¶档
һ£
˾ȵ˵ҲǾޱȡ
Ҫʮ죬ˣûаˡ
ˮüͷ˵
ǲ̫ˡ
ˮĻæ˵
ŶǾһ£ֻһܵʱ䣬һܺҾ͵ûȥԵʱҪȥơ
ˮ˵
νʱԺħȥ
˿˵ǵһԿ϶˵һκãһ¿ԺԲˡ
Ȼ˵ˣڿʼȸһһǾ֪ܲܰκˡ

ƵٶȺܿ죬ˮħָһ㵤͵һЩǿȻǿҲҪˮҽĸȻҲ޷õġ
ˮһ룬ħˣֱŵĿˮˣ˶ٵҩ׹ǵĵҩҲ糣һ
׹ǵҩ̫󣬲ҸģģϾҩҲмţҲһţûȥ顣
ħʸʹãϧûн͵ָҲʵûˣҩЧҲûˣȫգһǿ߶һȣԡ
Ҳ׹ǵĵҩƷʲУûΪʹûʲôЧ
ˮħ߳ҵʱ˳ԬնΧ˹
ҽô
𣿡

һʱ˶еʵ
ˮЦû˵
ҽһһκá
ħҲǿĵ˵û˱ˡ
úã̫ˣ
̫ˣϯӦ׼ˣҽǰе¡
㲻˼˵
ûʲô˵Ҳϣκħֵơ
˺ˮ߱ģԬˮһߣû˵ֻǰվˮһߡ
ľֻԼ֪ҽʦǿΪƿߺܶ˵ֻҪҽǿ󣬾ͻвʵΪ֮䡣
ϯ˲࣬ҲڣҲܿģҶˮƣҲ⣬ܸܵˮڵĿ£ǱȫʢʱڵħҲѷɫΪоˮҲһӴ
ҪҽҲ˱Ǻˮǿ֪ܶ࣬öԼͻᱻڿĵ̬ƾˮҽҲˡ
ˮȻҲд󣬸ӣ׼ҸùϵȥݳҲкôοˮǰħӦǺݳһйڣħС
ˮ׼ң׼ҰˮԬյɷˣֻ˸ׯԺʵһׯԺҲ¥Ҳûʲô
ֻԬסĺˮһ¥ϣһңһһԵҲûʲôʵﶼǰĻ䣬ŻԵеΡ
ȥ˯ˡ
Ԭ˵һĽһҡ
ˮҲЦҡҡͷֱ߽ӽɾ
ڰɴ󲿷ʱ䶼ҩϣλȥͿʹùԪһֱ۷壬ʴﵽ۷壬ʵﵽ۷壬ĻԼʵˬˡ
ˮоԼ۷Ҳʮģţߣԭ۷ǲܳԽʮʵģԭԭˮġ
һţҲɣɾһ꣬˫ҩԳš
ɾڣˮĴڣҲˮоıһţȻѾܿ죬Ǿˮôﵽ߶ȿ˵ƾɾȻˮڱЩֵҲСˡ
ɾʱ䣬ʲôֻиʱ䳤Ҳ͸оʱ䳤ֳ֮һ֣ԭˮǺġ
ƵҩˮɾзʳһУɴܼ߱įд
˰ħƻһЩҩ֮⣬ǺԬڸת׳Ǻܴҹ˿һҴȱȽǣҴҲӵܵĵط
ת˰첻ȴ߳˺Զľ룬ֻϵˮܾȣ˵ǲҲȷΪԷǸŮˡ
Ů˺ƯԸУҲܿţȹֻܰסǷԲΣǰ·ŵùҵģѩ޳ȴһ˫ѩ׵ĳѥСȸס


1356 Σ߱ޣ󴫳УѪ
ˮҲ֪ΪʲôͱԷסˣǵģֻǲΪʲôҪԼֻÿ˵СãΪʲôҪסǣ
壬С㿴㳤ûԺһɡ
Ůգһ˫ÿӿˮ˵
ȴֺ棬ˮ֪ǹĻľô򵥣
ԬһЦſˮƺҲǺܺ棬ˮôǰ飬ҲŮʱİĿԼϡ
òҪ죿
ˮЦˣˮоŮļӦòΪŮΪ⿤ǵĽͷоԲһ˼ҵŮ
㣬СôӣҰʰ
Ůһ˵ȴǺĴ˳
ȥɣסǿһС
ŮЦ˵
֪ˡ
곤ĺͦΣߺˮҲ£üĿ㣬һƬ㣬Ӱһ˫һӣֱ۾ֻһˮȥ
˫дŰ߳ӰӾߵһһɱϬӿȥֱ۷·ֻ޴߻һ
ȭ
ˮ˫һᵯһֻ˲仯һֻɺһ㣬Ȼڳȥֱһȥ
žž
΢Ĵ죬Цˮлǰ顣
ֱѾ΢΢۲ѡ
ˮЦŲ˵ŮŮв֪ʲôʱһѩ׵ĳӣӫɢһ鶯֮Ϣ
壬֪ҲúҲʵһܡ
Ůüˮ
˵ɣ֪㲻Ե޹ʵסҵģֻҪ˵ҾʹӦҪ󡣡
ˮЦ˵
ҽɣ
Ů˵
Ӧдˡ
ˮЦ˵ﻹǾȣԼ־ȻҲôԶˡ
ʵ㣬Ҹ׿
Ůԥһ˵
ˮͿŮЩŮΪ˫۾˵۾ǲƭ˵ģ۵׵ɫʵ뷨
ΪʲôҪķأǴдأǴҸ㸸βأ
ˮЦˣŮʵ
˵ҽʦƢܳú벻ˣҸ׿
ˮԴʱСŮ˼뻹ǲ⣬ͷɣҾԲʹó
ŮͷȻӰһ
Ůߣ
ˮ֪ˣŮ߲ûв´ĻӦΡ
ȻˮľݹûΣ֪ǰһεģ֪һЩġ
ߣ֮ԣ磬Ҳаβֻܣභй©֮죬ܷв֮ȡҲвϷ֮˳˵ܵò߿죬˵ڲ϶ԡ
û㣬ȴɣٶƵ硣Ҳ˵ץסβʹˣҲ
вƲʳ֮£ߣҲҲʹֲܺϢεľкᣬӦ֡㣬ֱۣ֮ͨס
ŮǲȫͬӰ鶯ۣ֮һ˵ϣͬʱеıӣ߽
ˮ۾һ֣ǰܵޣǰʦҲûͻƵ죬ˮû˵ݲһ

ˮоԼĲ֮ǰŮ߲񣬽֮Ѿʮйȥˣˮ˫õ̫ȭûʲô
ŮǺܲģѾ𼶱ˣƾˮҲ֪Բһ˼ҡ
ɷǸ࣬ŮȴѾԶԶĳԽͬߡ
ŮȭܸߣʽˮҲǸоо¡
߳
߷ɶ
ЫΪģ

߻

лл㣬Һ˺ܶࡣ
Ůͣ
ˮ޷ƽʲôʱҲСκˣҪСʵˣΪ췢ѧܶܶࡣ
ޣ
ˮĻһֱȱʽȻл꣬Ƕôãڲһˣ֮ǰŮʩչ߱оܲԼûʩչԱ֮ǰҪǿܶܶࡣ
ܲ߰ɣҿ㸸װɣҴӦκ
ˮΪ˸лŮɡ
Ӧҵˡ
ŮȵĿˮ
СѾͷ㸸ӦþͲô۸㡣
ˮЦ˵
ߣ˭۸ңüʵô۸ġ
СŮ˵
ˮЦˣʾԬգȻüһüȥ
Ůֺر𣬽ü죬鶯һŮ
üҲһ壬޴ׯ԰Ͽһֻ޴󣬿ˮˣΪ̫гˣˮĽ׻ͷ
ֻͷͲף׵ľ޴ߵ鶯ĺأѵ󴫳Уֲǰü˵˭۸
ߵУ֪׶սΣһǿսޣҲǣ̶Ӧò˰ɡ
ײľȻõһЩôǷһԶŴм塣
߽üңˮܵϢǺ꣬꣬䲻⣬ƶһ
㸸ô£
߽üҺˮ߱ʵ
жˣ
Ůį˵֡
Ůüƺλ˶ǿĵĺк⣬ҲеĳƺһЩ塢ʲôģûһӡ
Сã
һֿ
磡
ü쿪ĵ˵
һĴ󺺣üĿ㣬ǿǺݣȻ㣬Ҳǲ˵С
λǣ
ҹ˿õҽ׿ġ
üæ˵
ˣѾҽʦˣҲֻСҵҽʦÿλҽˡ
ϵ˵
ˣ
Ƚȥˣ磬һٽȥ
ü΢Ц˵
ȥɣ
ЦŰڰ֡
ˮѾ֪üĸѾܽⶾˣüҵҽʦÿҵҽʦѾÿˣüҵҽʦҽǳСŮ
һĺԺ
üڷüҵļҲüĸףа˸ӣֻһŮü죬СģûгӵĺȥŮĺӣŮ顣
ˮüڷɵʱҲһ㶣һݵˣήңϵϻڣʵҲڣȴǾѪп

ü쿴΢ϵʱĵЦܹȥס
Ѿͷҽҿˡ
ЦźˮԬյͷ
ҽʦɲһҽҹ˿õҽ
üæ˵
ŶҽϧⲡҽʦƵġ
ЦݵüԴ
԰ɣҽˣƹ֢ܶܶ඾ģ˵Ϊ׼ҵĴβء
üϣ˵
ãǾ鷳ҽˣȥǱɣ
üڷָָԶͤͤ򣬴Сڰƽףˮ֮ϣ峺ˮأϺˮݾȫ
˭ôȻ˾Ѫѡ
ˮ˻˵


1357 ⶾ󶯣ٷԪʵӦҪ
üڷˮĻɫһ䣺Ȼ֪ǾѪѣ
ˮЦſҲ֪˭µˡ
ǰˮֻ˵µвֶ֪ƺóѣο֪ҲӴһЩѣѪصĿйԽҲѣеߡ
ʵһ͵Ķ棬ͨʳӴһЩ޵ֶΰѶֽĿУеĿԶʱĿأҲеԣڲ֪бʳ
ѪѾԵģԲʳѪĿһĽӽѪѺСھѪоأǿҲûа취ѪĲǲάȥġ
üڷҩԹ붾ѪѣϧԼѪȴûκ顣
壬֪˭µ𣿡
ӦΣ˭µѣ㸸ף֪Ϊֻͨʳܽȥ
ˮЦ˵
üڷһ˲˺ܶ࣬ƺˮҲû̫ĸˡ
˭ôģȻԸ
üȦʵ
Ѿͷ˵Ҫ룬ȷ
üڷɿɬЦ
壬ҵ
üĿˮ
ŮеôТ˳õƷ£Ҳ֮ǰҹУо߱ʽԺҲģһ£͵εˡ
ˮЦ
ǽһΣܰҵʽѧ᣿
ü쾪ȵ˵
Ҳѧӣɱѡ
ˮЦó롣
ͨ
ȻѸٵĳ֣˲佫һλ÷ҪýƳѪѵʱ뵽ԼĿйԽϣ˼һ
ȻһץסѪѵλãйԽֱ˽ȥֱѸٵĽüڷеľѪѳȥȻˮһȥϢˡ
ˮܾȣüڷߣһľѪѪ˴룬ˮоοйԽϻõ޴ĺôɣߵľѪ
ѪԻָҪʱ䣬üڷɣʱһлģǾѪһֱУһᾫѪն
ˮջʱҲһӵʱ䣬ЦſüڷɣӦøоѱ˰ɣûĻǾ뿪ˡ
壬ĺ𣿡
üƺе㲻ŵʵ
ĥô꣬ɽȥ˿ҪһЩƷͻָ
ˮЦ˵
Ŷлл壬ó˵ʲôҲú
üˮԬյ˵
ˮûʲôԬȴˣ͵͵Ŀ˿ˮ
ҽɣҿԱսȤ͸ɣϲ
óһֳݸˮ
󶯣
ˮֻһ¾ĶˣĹ֪ɽ鶯ߣͷԼߵ鶯ޣ֮ǰüʹõıӡ似ʵҲģȴûζ
ҺϲҾͲˡ
ˮЦ˵
Ӧõģҽ벻ҪҺ˵˵ȥ
üڷ˵
⣬ģҲǸˣҽ£й¶ҽ˵κϢ

ˮ뿪ˣü쿴ŸףǲǴ磿
üڷһȻЦſü죺ɵѾͷ뵽ˣҪ˼ˡ
ü֪̾ˣúܿ͹ȥˡ
ü뿪ˣһϵ˳üڷߣͣݣձȴһĴڡ
ү
üڷʩ
ȥѴү߰ɣ
üڷɱ۾˵
ǵģү

üҷˮѾûйϵˣǺԬ׼Ҹȥ
ˮ֪˭µ𣿡
Ԭպʵ
֪
ˮЦŸɴ˵
ƭңһ֪ǲ֪ӦҲܲ¸š
Ԭֹ˵
ˣüǴңЩ޹ػǲҪ룬Ȼ鷳
ˮԬ˵οҲ֪壬ֻ֪üڷһ֪˭
һһڵʱȥˣҲҪҹ˿ˣħҲ˿֮һˣ˼һһȫˡ
ħˮҪ٣ˣһˣһڵ˵ĹϵܺãˮʱһȫпֱӳΪߣһʱĳΪ˶źܴӰ죬ҲСˣҲ˰ɣһģźܳһʱ䣬֮á
ƶ
ӦħĻ˵ʧ֪Ǹͻ˾øȻﵽ߹ƻҪҪٰʱ䣬á
ˮ˵ħ֮˹ֱֱӡԹһҲֵƣˮ֪ħƺԼһֵܣһֵܱ˿ѷɫ
ˮɾʼʹùԪһˣ֮ǰѾʹһΣʵɾһ춥İ졣
Ѿﵽʮһôˮıʵʹﵽ˽ʮʵɽֱӴﵽʮĿʵ
ӿʹô֮ӡѾﵽʮһַ࣬ļǾʹﵽ˿µİʮ࡭
ʵһ֣ˮڻʹùԪʹһΣҲԺֻһεʹûˣֻҪ֮ӡﵽʮʱͲʵˡ
ȥԪһٳһţ
һӣˮıʵﵽʮ㣬˫ҩˮš
ˣˮɽѾʮʹô֮ӡҲʮ԰ˮֻٷʳһιԪ
۷ȴǿлʵѪ֮ӵǿ󡭡
ʵˮ֪ԼҪͻƵ飬ͻҪĶ֮ȪоͻưĶҲ֮ȪɾÿΪʵȼ׼һҲû⡣
ˮоӦòԶˣ첻֪Լʵﵽһʲôĳ̶ȣʱݽסԼ
첻֪᲻ᷢϴοľŵľˮǸʱԼͿȥݳǣȥݣȥݣԼȥǸŮˣҲȥĸǸˡ
ߣ½ɡ
ԼķӦҲ˰ɣѾﵽһˣ֮ġչᡭˮԼѾܾúܾˡ
Ӧÿ˰ɣǴ˵еĴڣеɣкܶ࣬ݬ룬ֻҪӦöܵͼߣ֮޲ʱԿȴźܶɣԶսС
УҲʤĴڡ
ݡݡݶУرǺݣޱȣǵϺ嫶֣ޱ޼ʣӵﶼû֪Ҳû˼أƺԶ֮ء


1358 ѻ꺢ӳŮУܲдУ
ڶˮǱ׼ң׼ҵ˱ʾͻǰҹ˿
ħû϶ˮһȥˮԬգֻ֪ˮԬյĹϵˮǹ֪Լľʲôġ
׳֮⣬Ǿи·ƬѾҹ˿ǣڶθܾԬǾ̾ѣԽԽأôûмܶණˣˣȻܶණƺûб䣬ϤǸˡ
ѻ꿴ˮԬջҲǿĲѣҪˣӦڽһܵʱ䣬ѻܼڴԼӡ
ѾˣˮѻصģҲˮҽˮǿ˺ܶࡣ
ˮּһޣǰĻʮȫȶӽȻڵıǰҪǿ˺ܶࡣ
ˮҲһֱתϹǿ壬еĶܻת£Ϲǿתֻˮתĸ죬ƽʱٶȡ
֪ŶѾܵǾ޴ıϣһͬΨһİ취Ǵͨǰıϡ
ڵϾţԼֻС㣬ֻԾȥܻ֮мֻԾȥ
ˮСϻ϶ǺױͻƣûбС赲ʱתŶܻ׵ľͻˡ
ڶǰħˣøһ¥һׯ԰ģֻǰһЩأܵҹ˿ųġ
׼ҵһҹ˿Ǿͻᱻע⵽ҹ˿һЩʱע׼ҵĶġ
Щ֪׼ÿĺҲͲôˣڴ½ʷϿ뿤֮䱻Ѹܶ࣬еֱӱ˸ֲ
һһ֮еĳҼǲŴǿڱĿפģʱôк
ʱڲ֪йȥˣħ²ͺˣҲȫָˮߡ
Ϊߵħû˺ˮ֮ʲô仯ǷݸмûʧҲֵƣˮҲܿģħĳɾǲģ׼һᵽϣ˵ҲԼġ
ˮϣڱϣֻһЩЩʱԼҡźԼһ³棬һЩС֮һ㡣
̫ԶˣˮѾܵˣһ֮ӦÿͻƵ飬֮ھͿԡ
һλؼΪʱԭֻ죬ţݸһֱûȥʵҲ˺ܶ࣬ȥһţݺһ˼ҡ
׼ҵˣʲôҲû˵ȴǱ˵ʲôá
ѻĺӳˣǸ׳Скѻ˵ˮɶӣˮҲĵĴӦˣֶҪˮ
ְˮ˺ܾãˣףȡһ֣ϣʲôһ㣬Ҳûʲô˼
Сһܽ׳а˽࣬۾ģӺѻļһģһѻòǺܸӢġ
ˮǲ˰Сһｫڵǿ֮ԱСӲǲöô̿Ҳܴﵽ죬Ȼѻĺһ컹ǿϣǺܿģˡ
ΪܶӵҲҲ򲻵ģʲôҲûãοҲ˭õģϡٵҩѵҩ
Сʱ򶼻ޣǵһͻڵǿ֮˳ˮԷס
СׯԺ˺üӶˣչͺӡ
󣬴ǱѻԬǣȻʹ죬ֱӳݡ
Щʱ䣬ˮÿ¶һμңÿλȥǸоرĿĺڴԼĸסˣԼŮ˺ͺӡ
صңһҶûϢ˫͵㻳ˣѾһµˣܻˮͲǼȥţˣﷴȫһЩ
ҲˮɴҲͲٿˣϲˣҪҪѣӴˣҲˡ
˫ڵʱ򻹺һ㣬ֻһˣиҲһּУĸʣһں֮ǰȱ仯˺ܶ࣬׺¸ˣŮ˲ûкӡ
ˮûʲô仯˫͵ʱ򣬷Ůһ˵ʥĴһŮƺܶ࣬һϵı仯Ӻݻ
չصѾˣһҶûκϢʱܳˣϧˮԼȴ֪ȥңˮл½أĸݣ
˦ЩˮһЩҩʲôĸǣǺĵʹ˫ҩһҲڣĶ⨺ﻹôСʵˣˮ֪û֪СʵһǿĴڡ
һƽƵԬղⷽ츳ˣҩȫҲöһЩѰҵҩݣˮûƣǻǰŸԼġ
˵ĽˮıʲôģˣһѪԼŮˣŮѳΪˡһĴڡ
ڤǸͷĺܿ죬Ըܶһϲڽźǿ츳СѾͷСʱһϲճˮ
աƣĸŮе񣬶еѶѾˣˮСʱرףҲ谭
ѵûᣬˮŮҾļҡ
һǼңָоֻӹڽϤָͥоᣬһ˵á
ԬոЩҩоرʺҴ󲿷ʹãСҲܺã⹫չ嫵Ԫв٣ΪھôǶܻϸãҳΪһ塣
ʱ䣬ˮͽɾˣҪҩҪǴԪҪƳƽƵ
ʱֹʳԪˣԬոԪС񼶵ĵҩˣɾţʵȻѾﵽ˿ֲʮ
һʹúˮܵˣӦһʹã߻ʹһš
Ҳ뵽ΪʲôҴѸüʵֻҪкʵĻʹоԼӵɾϹԪٶȼֱһǧ
Ԫ˫ҩЩҪ洢ԺЩʵһԻ׵㣬ãҪһԼĴУϧڻûУϣھݹз֡
׼崫УǿˮеϽѪѾǰǿ˺֪ܶ࣬ԺԼĺӻ᲻ԼϽѪΪԼŮжϽѪ
ӦǸʣϽѪƽѪĴһʣһֻһļӵϽѪͻƽѪ
ǸֻһӵǿʢϽѪ߻ƽѪֻӵģһҲˮҪ˫͵ºǲǺϽѪ


1359 ƽƵ۳̤
ԼĴǺѵģҪﵽһʵˮûпʲôϽѪоԼľԸ
ЩʱҪˣʱµСһ֪ˣʱѾǶˣˮûºͼŮڴߺԺ˵֡
ݺӻ˫ʵǿļŮˮǲٵҩֻҪܾòܷʳһһһΣ˫ҩԿӵΣҵҩһ֣൱ġ
ֻҪﵽԷʳԪԼֵҩʵͺ˵ˣۻʮҲǿߣϾЩҩڴҲÿӵܶʹõġ
ݳޣ̫ݳˣ
ζǿϴ󲿷˶ˣɾҲƽƵƳˣⵤҩһֲͣͬ
һûΪߣƽƵֱΪʳߣϴ˵еĵҩˣΪʵģֱʵֱ̤۷壬Ҳһ𣬱һ
ƽƵһֱƽƴﵽһƽʱľ磬ʵǿˣӵĲ࣬ˮһžȻ˰ıʵȻҲУ˷ˡ
ƽƵÿһֻʹһΣ˫ҩҲûá
ƽƵһҲǻǱʲôĹȿһͨ˷ƽƵôԺǲдˣʹúһһڲ˿
ˮ룬ĿԿԳСӣ˻϶ʹˣСڲʺĵҩʱ򣬵ҩҲԸΪҪǼȫǱܺͻܣ㲻ҪʲôıҪá
ݵ粻Ϊ˭仯ǺǰһڸԵȦӣֻϲ֪ѾݳһңǸ뿪ģΪݲŻõķչ
ʵˮҲǵݣ꿪ԶŴʹ쵽ˣˮ룬еҩйǱ治ʲôϾǻһ㣬Ӱ̫ࡣ
ϣˮڲ׺´ϣŮҸķˮϣͦ˪ѩֵѹˮؿڣϻ֮ķ顣
£ţһ㣬Ҳûң𣿡
ˮо⻹ǺͼŮһ¡
ȥػǲȥأ
׺Цſˮ
ǲȥģȻǺСˣҲû뿪㡣
ˮ˼㡣
ҸоǻʱɣҲܷģô˵Ҿûκ⡣
׺˵
ҲãܿǾܾټҰǨȥﶼֿ
ˮĵ˵
ţʱ䲻ˣǻأȥɣ
׺·شˮ뿪

ڼҵˮǸоʱúܿ죬סʱˮٴηʳԪһˮһηˣһԪЧڶ˫ҩѾûκãˡ
ʮıʵѾǱˣͨԪ޷ʵˣˮʵѾﵽʮĿʵɽǽʮĹ
ǿ£ʹô֮ӡԴﵽʮʵַʵĻﵽһʮϵĹ
ˮڵʵԼܸõƿأҲϰڵʵ̤֮ھѾõģʵôܸϣʱʵŵҪԻϾܲܳΪߡ
󶯣
ˮɾϿϰ󶯣߳󡭡
Ҳһɼޣ֪ǿ󣬵ҲǿĴڣ˵оͷ߱˿ѷɫȻŴ֮ѪɻߵѪ
ߣǴ֣ҲǿԱѰڣȻֹһ֣ѪͳҲޱǿģֻԺ٣Һ󱲲Ӳ룬෱࣬Ծͳ˴󲿷ǲġ
ȻȲþǸȼģҲǺ൵εġ
ҪٶȺ͵ꡢǿ󣬼̳ߺĳˮʩչޣƾ֮ǰ󶯵ʽһо
ԽԽһķɣһȴܴﵽƽʱȫֵЧˮһӾϲָо
һͲ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ˮͣʱѾܾˣϲ󶯣֪ľͽֲ״̬
»Ҳʽˣ٣Ҫٶȹ֮ǰпܱȴǿû޵ٶȸ죬꣬ʤϲĵط
סˮ͸ֱʹķ޴
һҲҹ˹ŮڣʱˮͻȻּŮѾûʲôСˡ
ˮرģŮˮһӵȥ㷹ˡ
ˮǿһҹ˹趼ߵòУ̨诺̾͸˵ˡ
ҹ˹ţ絽ˣʵҲˮɣټˮİǺܿġ
εȻƽ֮ûͻơѾ൱Ŀˣʵٻֻ
һˮڶηʳζǿ
̨诺ٵȵȣѾʹùԪѾ²٣ֻ¹Ԫҩ
˰죬ȻǾܵһЩʵģġ̱ԪֻʹһΣһʱʹþͻкܺõЧοһЩģǸ֮ʵ졭
ڰʵͻһЩ츳ѣڼ鵤ҩǿҽÿһ춼ڽ
Ҫﵽ۷廹кܳܳ·Ҫߣҹ˹⣬Ӧûܿ졣
ס죬ҹ˹̨ɻǴӣֻ⣬ҹ˹ǴĽ˵طޱȣ󵨵ҹ˹һΣˮ˺üΡ
ȻҪȥѧڿȥڣ۳ˣˮϲľͱסһαչǰ仯ܴ
ζأҲʢˮ浣ŮһͻȻˣĵƺǰԼҲ˺ܶࡣ
۳ʵҹ˹費ѷɫֻûҹ˹Ļôǿ󣬶ˮȵǣһαչôþȻš
˵ʱˮ֪žȻǶ쳾ʸӵƮɣˣؼˮΪֻˮûˮоԼһ̤š
ˡ
ˮŵ۳˵
۳һϹЦݣ̫ˣҪǺӳʱܻȥͺˡ
ܰɣжʱ䡣
ˮֻ˵䰲ο
ˮҪҲ
۳̤֮˶ˣ˵仰ʱǺҿˮ
ˮҲһ㶣Цˣðֻǵʱӻء
⵹ҲǣǾҪӣͣͣ
۳˵۾Ʈɣһϼ˵Ȼ
ˮչȥ˵һ仰۳ߵֱӴˮһȭȻˮŲԶĲݵȥ


1360 ɷʣɷħ׼
ˮ۳ڲݵɢŮˣ˵Ժ˵Ů˵Գĳ˵Ʒζ֪仰Բԣ֪һǲȱƯŮ˵ġ
Ů˵ǵָգһŮ˶ף˵ҰΪŵܿͻòòƯƿһŮǽסʱģЩƿ
Ů˲ֻҪҪںŮһ̳ƣʱԽԽųķ㣬ʵá
ˮʱոҪЩŮֻǿƯȴǿΪŮָоԡ
ʲֹšһһЦǣһжǽһȻĻܵȻΪ֮һλԣʱ䳤˾ûЧˡ
ֻȻĲġ
ˮоԼߵŮ˶Ƶʺչ棬ʲͬˮǶϲûкûŮ˵Ҳˣ˷
ˮʦҽڡ
۳ı߱˵
۳ʵѾǿˣûκ飬˵ⶼͶµ顣
ðҵĳϼʱһ֮ˡ
ˮЦſŵ۳ǰŮǿˣһǶŮǿˡ

һ죬ˮǱ۳ѧȥķչѾԽԽãоˮȥѧǺ׵ġ
ʱ䣬ţݵĴ֮ڵƽⶼˮԭ򣬱ϵĴˮһЩӴеľ͸˵ˡ
ںɽţʥصĴڣѧһЩĶĿҲر飬ˮһЩɵʵ֪ڡɽʵѾԶԶǣԻǵ͵һá

ˮһͿŮ轣һʱܵˮֱӻͷԶЦſǵˮ
չһЦ
ˮ˲ߡ

ɷǻûеˮͳ˵ʲôֱӱסˮĲӹϡ
߹ҲڣҲڲϵĽţرǳɷɷǿµʣħٶױȣȱǸȡ
ɷһĵǿɷɢһԱķˮ԰̱Ԫ
ˮߵ˶һģֻҪʹã˱ˣǶҲ֪ѡ
ֱ⣬Ȼ˽ģҲһС
ǾˣɷȴǺ߾ϣѾ˳һ㡣
ѾͷʵĲ
ˮЦ˵
ǲе̫ˡ
ɷˮе㵣ĵ˵
õģҲõģữľ粻ȡ
ˮҲǺܾȣ仯ɷ
ɷǣˮ֪ɷᷢʲô仯ٶȥһ̤ţˮܵĳΪɷħ
ڵɷѾȫѣҲΪʵŻôֻҪţڵɷͻתɷħƽٵĶȹڱ˿ŵš
ֻҪɷһţǾͿԿ϶̤ţʱ̣ܶıҲסɷħʴͻƵ֮ҲͻʧֻܱѸһ㣬֮鷳Ҳͻٽ˿ֲ֮һ
С֮һǰȹļһ㶼ɺ֮߳ǻȻԽüߣѶȻԽɹҲԽ֮ͣѽ֪ǶôѵĴڡ
ˮڷ֪ģ׼׼Ѿ˵ɷڵƺǺ׼ġ
ʱԼͻƵҲҲɡ
褺߹չģʵѾܿˣҲÿͷ̿ɷǵѹ̫ˣҲ⣬ǲɷǿ󣬶ǵѹ

ɷʵ̫ˡ
ˮŮķʱĵ˵
ǧɷ壬бףһʱʱû⣬ҲҪǰ׼
ˮ˵
ﵽ˰ǧֻٵģʵȴǿģһѾŮԶԶ˦ˮǰٴõҩʵһ֮󣬲öãѧͺ˺⡣
Ԫǿ˵һ֮һʵټģЧǿֲޱȵġ
۳ϾҲӦÿˣҹ˹ܿʵԼһȥݣʱ̨Ҳɽʱ̨诵ʵҲû⡣
֪ˮԼļŮ˱ԼĻãԼûŪԣԼ칬桭
ϱŮһϣʴǵĸоˮִ˲룬Ҳǵһˣǰſ˺ܶ࣬ٿˮơ
ˮϲʿʱҡšΨɫɬеġ

ͣ˲죬ŮʵҲõ˾޴ķչ߹Ҳˮɷ⣬ˮ̱ԪǰͨദѨܼӹ̵ľŹ
ЩûбҪļӹ̣ɷһȫľ϶桢ɷˮʱ佫оӹһ飬Ǹ˺ܶԪ
һǶʹζǿʹˮҲİ٣ζǿҪԾͺñ˵ӣ߿˵
ɷ鲻򵥣Ѿͷĥѣǲ˵ģԼҲУеĺֻԼѩˮҪľǰɷʵǿ
صʱһγҲʮʱˣҺţҲõķչţԼҪľܴһƬĽ
ˮʵƺҲƿˣԣû˹ԪһѾʹˣһһٶʮҪʮܳĵҩˮֻҪһ¶һЩ
һٶʮˮ˵΢һһƣǧƵʵһʦһʦԳģ֪ﵽʦˮʮ֮ڴﵽһٶʮĿֲʵʲôҲ
ڹʦ˵Ǿɵһһʦʵü˵ˣҲ֮ŵĺڰ׳һʦͣ˶꣬ˮûеõҩ䣬Ҳʹˡ
ѻԬ֮ˮ˼ͽ뷿䣬ɾΪڳһоӦòˡ
ȥ˴ʱ䣬ɾҲ꣬ҩ޺֮±֮ȪݹˮȣҩЧѾˣ֮ǰͲʲôһҲΪп϶ղŵôʱ䡣
֮һ޴ķˮ룬֪ʲô仯ʲôЧ
ˮܼΪľҲҪľѾԲˣϣͻưǰﵽԲ߸ߵľ磬Ļͻ߰ĳɹʾ͸һЩ


1361 ɣ
׼һЩҩݣϴʧܵļ仹ڣǿʹý߲ݵ£ʱΪҩݵҩЧԭ
һҩЧˣҲˣֻǻеûףϴӡЩһ˿ɣϢһ״ָ̬Ѻ󣬿ʼơ
ƿʼһƺϴ˳Ķ࣬һˮҪʱܳʱҪϴʮ
ڶڵʱ¯һĴ죬̶ޱȣʱʧܡ
ȻʧˣˮܿģΪоҵ˸о
˼һ½ſʼʱһĹȥˮƽƿ߻棬һƺõһ淢չ
ž
ʱٴγϤȻ֪һεĳʲ󣬵֮е㲻ˬʱ˷ˡ
ϢһԵ㶫ٴοʼˮ֪ԼִŻţǻ߽Ͼʧܣʱȴڻӳʱֻӳһʱʱӳٰ죬ܿ׼ҩҲˣֻ׼һЩʧôҩݣޱȵҩݣ˵ƭ˵ġ
졢죡
ٴʧ֮ʱѾﵽ죬ˮҧҧֻҪ죬컹ûгɹĻͻ֡
죡

ʧʮ֮ϤرöˮоϲĸоϾʧ˺ܶΣһٲɹɾʱҲ͵ˣãʱɹˡ
ȲĴ򿪣ȻͿ¯һŽӲӵСû̫ı仯ֻɫϸʵҲǿ
Ȳͨȥ

Чȵʣһıʵ߰ʵԵżӹЧ
ÿÿֻʹһţһֻʹʮţһͻ
ʹʵԼʵߡ
һЩһЩЧЧйϵ
ˮûʱʹˣΪɾʱ䵽ˣ򵥵ϴһͳȥˡ
ɫûпʼԣʱҲˣ֮ǰûɾԣҲȱԵĶ
ˮһ·ˡ
ˮԬЦ֡
ˮ߽ĲһأһӣһƿƣˮĿԬգףʲôӡ
ĵҲǶôķʢǸоһָоˮʵ
ҵˣһɣÿ궼һ˹
ԬЦ˵
ˮһЦ˵֡
лл
ˮ˵óһ˫ϾϾӣݸԬգҽҲû׼ʲô͸㡣
ˣһѾܿˣҴϰɣ϶Ų˲㡣
Ԭǰһ΢΢ȥˮһ߲ľ롣
ڷζлᵽһ˿㣬۵ƵļԸеĴߣһգգĿˮ
ˮЦЦĽߵķ˿¶ǾµĶĴǾӨĶϣϾһŮֹϾʺ䡣
Ư𣿡
ԬտˮЦ
Ư
ˮͷЦ
лл㣡
Ԭ˵ͻȻ̽ͷˮ촽һ¾Ϳ첽߿˳
촽ϻǰĸоһ˲ܿ죬͸о촽ϱһ£о̣ܶȴ˺ܻ
ˮʱûлζǲ֪Ԭʲô˼ҡҡͷʣµ̲Ŀȥ
ĹǰҲ룬û򣬵йʯҲԸһŮ˻󲿷ִүǾʡȥһ顣
ԬպȻʲôҲûзһ
˫ֺʮ΢΢۾ԸǳĽëںïܣ΢΢ޱȡ
ˮȥԬʲôԸٹϵûôŮˣǻ˵˵
ˮҸо㲻ˡԬտˮе
ˮ΢΢㿪ˮ㿪ʱԬһ˿įܵǺܿͻָ
ʵҲûȷʲôٵȰɣҪͻ뿪
ˮ˵
֮ôﵽڵʵԬǷֲģˮʡ˺ܶʱ䡣
ԬЦû˵ˮһƣԼҲһ
ս㣬ɱףഺפԶƯԶġ
лл
Ĳˣûʹϡ
Ԭհˮвˡ
˺ܿɿڣԷһ飬οˮҲܶоܺôһŮһԷ÷˱úóԡ
һٷһʱ˵˺ܶĻû漰˴˵УҲû˵ʲôܵĻԬպܿģƺĺܿġ
첻ˣս㣬ϢɣΡ
ˮվԬշеĿ¥׷һЩģ¥һֻʲһ
Ԭˮ߳䣬ŵ˲䣬Ử䣬һʱ֪ԼʲôʱϲˣֵŮˣ֮ǰ͵͵һ£Լ϶ʵҲʾ
ϲҡ
Ԭһ̸оеգԳЦЦǸŵŮˣǰ۵׷ʤֻһֱûָо
һڷݣеоɽˮֱˮʱرϲʱ䣬Ҳ֪ʲôʱָо
оˮϲ߶ûʲô˼
еɬεһγȴǿ಻ԡ
̹׵ĺˮ˵ǸµĴ𰸣еڴһûΰɣ

ˮص䣬ûж룬Ȼ֮ǰԬյľٶе㷴ҲΪʱûж룬ҲûǸ˼
ɾ
һˮЦˣþûжȻٴһ磬һرļæȥһ̫ͻȻˡ
죨򣩾ÿþѪΣǰԽеͼص㣬žõĵصӣʹ߿ЩλôÿֻÿһϴһΡ
״̬
Ժ죨ޣ֮໥͵˴ߣκƣֻӵˣ
õˣˮֱӽĿռУ֮ǰ㣬һݣһڷݵм䡣
ˮ֪֪ҹ˹ûͻһ磬Ӧˡ
ϾڶҪʱ䲻һˣˮǱסڵһʱģõĵʱסˡ
ݣ
ѵݽӴģֻһ뷨̫ˣںͷݡݽӴе˷ˡ
Ϊоҹ˹ĵڶӦݣûбҪڰںݺͷݡݵĽӴ
ģ
ˮڵ뷨ҪȥݣʱӦҲᾳˮǰں嫹ĺݵм䡣
ľһھݴϣһҹ˹⴩ˣֻǲ֪Ժʲô仯


1362 Բȫͣһ꣬Ͻ𼶵ĻΡ
ˮ֪Ժͻƾﶨ㣬һ˴ĻʵѾˣǰǺҹ˹ϡ
ҩ
ƳɹһڼƣɹһغƳɹʸ˺ܶ࣬мʧ֮ʹý߲ݵ¿Իÿζɹ
ֻÿֻһţȴ޿ɵģʵϸʮǿʣһЩǿĹЧ
ˮȫʱ䶼ҩϣƳʮźˮͣҪһŻš
ɾʱ仹һ£Լ๻ˣʹҲصҵģԲõġ
ڲһϰ߲˴ţҵʱû˻ȥõġ

һıʵڵˮ˵ٱһǿûбˣӿصʺͶиЧϡ
һȵϢȻѸȫһĸоھ޴ˮͶһöʯӣһȦˮӶһ
أ
һ죬һɸȵըһ㣬ûʹ࣬оޱȵԾˮͿԼڲ
ƽһĹʵһִ磬ڵϽѪҲǴִ˼֣ѪҺһɱŰ
Բ
ˮЦˣﵽһǰδеĸ߶ȣֻԲѧֹԲľһԶ壬ϻԲֻˮ֪Բ֮ͻƵһ磬֮ǰǿ̫ˡ
ˮʶһʵٴ˱仯ֻһɱʵڿΪԼԲñʵﵽʮǿ̫ˣҲǳǿ
һ޴ľϲıɶˣ
ھԲɹһ˲䣬һֱɽڷǰıϾȻζˣȻûͻƣԲ̫ңԶˡ
һʼңңڡ߲ʣѾҪ̤룬ʱ˺ܾãûɾˮо붼ˣɾڣԼʲǺܺãҲԴﵽһ߶ȣŬɾ¶κŬ
Ƭ̣ˮɴʹ˫ҩٴηʳһ
һαʵһʵǿٴһЩøոմﵽԲõһЩȹ̡
ѾʵˮΪٴͻƶĴٴδһεоѾԶˡ
ˮʵѾ൱ֲˣ֪ԼʵԴﵽһʲô̶ȣ۷ʵʮߵģûⲻ֪
⣬ĹѾʮĹûдﵽʮѵҪﵽʮ򣬻;ƽﵽʮ
ˮʵѾﵽ˽ʮɽǱƽʮĿֲ
ʹô֮ӡǳ˰ʮʵһʹһʵƽʮ
ȻһɵķʣָоԺʹпܲʵΪıˡ
ûͻƵ֮߰ǰʵǲˣʲôҩʲô±й¶Ҳˡ
֪ҪҪٷʳʵĻԼҪҪãʲôǾͲ÷ˣӦûӾʣ֪ò÷ã
顢ҪԼͻʲôǾ֮ǰΪԲñɶˡ
ã
ˮ֪ԼҪʲôȻʵõĻеˣΪ飬Ϊ˰죬ΪѰǸˡΪħǸˣҲҪͻ飬ͻƵ졣
һ뵽ͷֻкܶҪ

תۼ䣬һʱȥˣ뿪Ѿˣûǰţݣȴӭˡ

ˮڶʤݵʱӣʱ˵ʮ˼ĻԼǸȥݣҵܴ󣬺ɺϵ֪Ұᵽݡ
ˮ˵ʮԼ֪ʮʵԼݴ󣬱ϾҲѵһʣɷƣȴǺɷʲ˺ܶܶࡣ
һʱ䣬ˮǻڰĴ⣬ڱ˵һֻǵָ䣬ˮ˵һ깻ˡ
ıȻɶˣɻôǿĴÿζҪͻƣɾǲͻơ
ʵٷʳҲֻ˶ıʵȻһҲûӣһˣͣʮıʵϡ
һˮʵûõܴķչҩˣ仯ľҹ˹衣
ʵѾﵽʮһˮΰ̱ԪඥһʧһඥҲ˷ѡ
ඥʧҪඥʣһֻܱඥһΣʺõĿԶΣһǲԼ˵ģοһȥʮʵҲղʮ֮һ
ˮඥֻʵǿģСĲʺϣʵõľ٣Ҫ˷һιඥᣬˮʦװԼƶ¹ʺ츳ʵڹඥ
ҹ˹ʹǿһˮѾʮΰඥÿ¶һΣҲô콫ʵεԭĻδﵽϽ𼶣ٻֻ׻ÿֻıʵ
ĻÿֻһʵʵʱӳĸʱҿԵˮĽѡ
ҹ˹˵Ѿ߼ˣ滹ȼﵽĿ̫СˣѾ㹻ˡ
Ѿˮ˵ˣҪȥݣôȥˣٵˣڵʵҹ˼Ӧû⣬ֻһʮʵҹ˼һЩҲֵסԼʱҲӦ££ҹ˼ûϷˮҲӦ
˻Σҹ˹Ҫϰ׻ŮʵѾˮѧϰŹˣһǽչһʮʵԱ̫ѡ
ˣˮҲܿģǰңʮʱ䶼ѳˣòǳƺˮΪ塣
ɷǣȻе棬ʵɷأֻǵең˵ĸˣҲûһ
ʮʱ䣬ɷӰ£ʵҲǺǿ󣬵ҲֻԵģʵѾȥţݣǻѡҡ
ǵүүðɣ
ܺãǾ塣
ţúүү˾ͻȥʵǿˣٻȥʱʱͻõĺ١
ǿɲˮоģһʱ仹Ǻܳġ
ţ֪壬ɽڱ仯ܴÿ˶ѧ̵ĻΣɽҲǺܳģмҲǿʮҲһ¶ʤݣɽҲһˡ
￪ĵ˵


1363 ҹ˹ľģ֮ʥ֮
ңǵֻܿǵˣĸˣɷע¶ĻҲûа취
˻ڣмңҲ֪ȥңǵĸĸȥʤǣֻôȥˣҲң½Ͼ̫ˡ
ֻүүɽˣСûмĸǲôΣΪ˵ĸҲֻİ˶ѡ
Ȼ뷨һͷϣǣʵΪʲôҪӵǣֻһ䣬ǲ֪ʲôԭһ˿ޣҲûС

˫͵ŮĺҲˣ˫ǸкǸŮСһСֻʮ졣
кڣŮŵٴˣˮŮܿģݺӵһ㣬ʵѾǿˣֻûкӣˮĿԹˮ͵һ
߶Ůˮеǰ붼룬˵ô࣬ǽҲ𣬻ߵĽơ
׷ͬ˺òƣ˺ɫ˺Ȩ˺ս
ˮǰϣзȶĹиԼסķӣиమŮأĸͥΪʲôˣֻƽ
ֻû뵽һ죬Ļûʲô仯ӿʼٱһеǣţ߾Ϊ˸õ
ׯ¶Ŀʼ̤ңȻʮ꣬˽һЩԹԼߵĽ⿪ǰѰõ
ǵڣǣ黹û꣬ҪŬׯʱΪ߾ԼҺҵãȻԼңڵӡ

ڼҴ˼죬ˮͻصţݣҹ˹˵һ뿪ҹ˹ҲˮǰݣҪҹ˼ֻصǱʡ
ҹ˶ףҲֻһѣûһ죬ǱĸףҲռȻҹ˶ĺܰԵŮ˱ҲӵУҹ˹Ǹ˲ĸףǱҹ˶һҡ
ԼŹҲʳӣҹ˶ѾԽˣ£ԲŶǸ뷨ûбƵ̫Ҳҹ˹Ż
Լʹҹ˹裬ȴҹ˼ҵˣٲҹ˶ڵҹ˼ңҪҹ˼ҵġ
ˮ֪뷨Ҳ˵ĸооܶԣҹ˹Ըһκ˶
ҪҪֶԸǸˣ
ˮ˵
²֣
ҹ˹迴ˮ
ˮĸײȢã󷢣ʼû֣Ů㲻ϣֱӵҾǸĲ˱ĸ׻Ҫɱңɱɱĸĳˣɱ˶ûȥĸˮǲǸоĺݣ
ҹ˹迴ˮ
ûУ²֣κ˶ˡҹ˼أ
ˮʵϾҹ˼Ǹ塣
ȰǸ˵һ֧ɱ¼ͥĸо
ҹ˹˵еɱ졣
ˮûиоǿɱʲôףҹ˹飬Ǹ¿ˣҲǸǿŮˣʱİʶ֣ܿŮ˵Ҳɽӡ
֣סʲôҲû˵ҹ˹ЦˣЦſˮڼǿҲǸŮˣҲҪ˺壬۵ʱи򿿿ҵˣû֪Լֵܼʲôʱǰҹ˼ҵĿΪ㡣
ˮǵˮñӲֱͦǼ⣬סܵԼеİֻİ
үʱȷһ¾ǰ͵ߡ
ҹ˹̧ͷˮĵ˵
첻黰˵ôˡ
ˮȤ˵
ҹ˹е죬֮ǰ˵ʲô黰ԼĸоҲ仰̫ˮûбֳҲǺܿġ
С裬ȹȥɣｻ̺诶һ¿Իס졣
ţҵ¸λֻܶݣҵλӶݵݳǣҲǺͷݡĵط
ҹ˹ƺͻȻ뵽˵
ţҲãȥݳҲ׶ˣҵĵλҲˣݵġ
ˮЦ˵
ҹ˹һ㶣ҪǳΪޡ
ڻޣҵŮˣҵˡ
ˮ΢Ц˵
Ե
ҹ˹һ䣬кܿģమŮҸܼ򵥣Ҳܼ򵥡

ˮʹ쵽˷ݡ
߿Уˮһᣬһ󲨶Ȼҹ˹ߣһҹ˹Ժܲƽ
г÷ȥһãҹ˹Ҳܾȣǰõı仯̫ˣҹ˿Ĳҹ˼ҵȼ壬Ҳʲô¥ãΪﲻǿߺ͸ĵطҲﶼУֻҪˣǹأǰ˵Ŵǵߵ£һӵˣʱͨ˵Ҳܴﵽһµĸ߶ȣΪһ֡塱һĴڡ
Щ˾Ϊһ֮ʥ֮ǿ֮ʥ֮˺٣½Ҳ˵֮
Խ˱˶ᱻѹ
ѻ֪ҹ˹裬Ԭղ֪ҹ˹ʱһ㶣Ů̫ˣĴܳ˿ɵ
ԬմӲΪԼ˭˵۳͵ûмǸŮ˱ƯоԼȼ磬ֻʥеĵ£оԼе㲻硣
˭Ԭﲻ֪ʲôо֪ˮѾŮˣһһһò񻰵ŮһеɬΪܸоˮϲԼΡ
ˮɲ԰ʲôʱִôһŮ
ҹ˹迴Ԭʱĵ˵
ս㣬ȻͲˣʹõĹԪԼҩ
ˮҹ˹ܵ
ԭ㰡ǾᵽģһΪҩŮ˲Ưأû뵽Ưô˫Ҷ硣
˵ЦˣҸоƯġ
ԬҲЦ˵Ҳһ㡣
ӣؽ㣬Ժ׽׽
ˮ˵ûʲô
ԬȻµ˴𰸣ֻʱһҹ˹һЦǰסԬգãȥǱ˵
ѻһҲᵽˣ¥ĺܣǧƽףΪ׼ʮͥסģ¥ͨдԺʲôģܷġ
ٳˮƵķŮĹϵ׽һ㲻Ůֵ˼ŮǢȣ벻ͲˣǺ¡
ҹ˹ֱӺԬסһˮ뵽һֱ˯һֲ浶ǹҲʱżҲԷһ¡


1364 ҹ˼ң
֪ҹ˹Ѿһˣҹ˹ûȥҹ˼ңڵһʱ䣬ҹ˶Ȣ޵ӣȻǵһҲһ
ҴӶȢŮ˲ʲôֻһҹ˶ȢŮ˲һ˼ҵŮˣȢλϾߵġ
ؼҵС㣡
ؼҹ˿ǿļ֮һҹ˼Ҳѷɫ٣ںҹ˼ƺҲԼовġ
вˮԼңͻƵ龳ҹ˿߲˶֪Ҳҹ˼ҸоǵԼұȡ֮
ڴ½̫ˣһʱҹ˼Ҳرң뷨£ҹ˼ҵĵλ
ʱУҹ˼Ҳû£ˮֻˮȻ῿ҹ˼ңˮҪҹ˼Ȼ֪ҹ˼ҵүԪҪˮά֡
мҹ˼ҵˮΪһԪˮûУȻñķʽƵģҹ˼֪ǸŵԪˮģƺ٣ԼҵǸ˶ΪˮͻƵġ
ûˮҵʵǲҹ˼ҵģϾҵûҹ˼Ҷ࣬һ߿Ƕʮһߡ
ˮתҲãǾܾΪҹ˼ҵΪԪҹ˼Ҳˮܰҹ˼һߣҹ˼ҵĵλǲɺ
ˮҹ˼Ҷļ壬Ǳںҹ˼ԣˮͺöϵҹ˼Ҿǲ֪Ϊʲôˮô彻ܺãΪʲôҹ˼ô̬òеĴ
ҹ˼ҵѾ˸Ȼ޷ãԼɾ޴вˣֻԶʧֲ̫ԡ
ҹ˼ҹ˿ǵƼ壬ҹ˿ǿǸٹ̣ҲŲټĺһθǺͳؼҹ˼ļͲ٣ЩγһȹϵĴͬʱҲҹ˶ĳɻʱˮ
ˮȻҹ˼ʲôֻ͸¶Ϣ͸¶ҹ˼ҺˮõĹϵܺúס

ҹ˿Ǳ˲٣ҹ˼ҺͳؼҵǺܺ䶯ģˮϴδҹ˶ģһʱ䣬ҹ˶Ĳ߳ӰͻƵ˳飬֪㲻ߣҹ˿ߡ
Ļӵ緢ֻҪˮʱҹ˶ľͿԳΪҹ˿һȻĴڡ
ˮæĻˣҹ˼ҵƾûôԣԲžˮȥˮҲΪҹ˼ãҹ˼ҵүӣ۷ĴڣֻȥˣΪ˼壬Ҳε顣
ҹ˹վںԺзԬһԬҲ֪ҹ˼Һҹ˹ĹϵǸԼӲƵ˾Ȼҹ˹˵޲ˡ
ˮ߹ȥԬЦŵͷ鲻ôãȰȰɡ
Ԭ˵뿪ˡ
һ˺ܾãһˣѵ𣿡
ˮ˵
ģӣĸȴѾ˺ܶˣ֪ǵòǵñĿˡ
ҹ˹΢΢ͷ˫Ҳ´һӰе㱯
ˮûȥ˵ʲôʱʺϣ˵ҹ˹ǸǿŮˣҹ˼ҵ˳ȥԻ߳Ժ󾫲ʵ
ˮ߰ɣʱˡ
ҹ˹迴ЦŶˮ˵
ã
ˮЦŴȻҹ˹Žҹ˼ҷȥ
Ѿٽˣ˵ͶˮҲϲһˮ
ҹ˼һһˮԽԽǸоҹ˼ˮôֻҹ˼֪
ҲһЩ˺ܲͷСˮӴô˵ţյĻǿġ
ˣ

һҵĽԶֻ޴ĽǺ۵ģˮһֱӽɵҹ˼ҵϿգΪѾǲˡ
ˮҲǵʱ˲ŷֺˮһĻиŮˣһɫǵŮˣֻǵˮŮʱһЩ۾¶˾ȵɫ
Ϊܶ˶Ů˺ҹ˶ĳĺ񣬲ֻ˲³ҹ˹ݣǰϲ˲ֻҹ˼ҵѣкܶûʲôģ¼ҡҡ޼ҵȡ
ЩеĿˣеüΪǲ²һʲôʣԼô
ҽˡ
ҹ˶һЩҹ˼ҵӭ˵
µѾһˣҲ۷壬ǲЩµģѾһˣϴˮףûжãͻˡ
ҹĸ
ҹ˶ĵүүҲ۷ʵҹ˼Ҳҹ˶ĵԭ򣬵Ȼ˵ǿҲǺҪġ
ͻƵûģֻҪһЩʱ䣬˵ȵԪкܾõġ
ôҾõˣ˼е鵢ˣ
˭ҹ˼ҵϻб鵢飬ҲֻˮȻϾҹ˼ҵΪˮԾȱΪɳٵҽʦĻǾǲҹܳٵ
ˮҹ˹裬ʱĿһˡ
ҹ˶ģ
ҹ˶Ҳе㷢Ŀߣҹ˹裬Ҳʶȴʶһʱе
ҹ˶ĺҹĸϣгؼҵԼؼҵС㣬Ҳҹ˶ҪȢŮˡ
ˮҲ˳ؼС㣬ǸŮˣĸپԸУװԸеˣһ·ˮŮˣˮɡ
ˮû뵽Ů˻ǿʵŮˣ˵ŮˮŮǿҺ꣬ԳƵŮΪǿưʶϡ
ҹ˶ģ㻹ϵ𣿡
ҹ˹󣬵ȴ˶õ
ˮһ㶣û뵽ҹ˹ôֱվ˳ìͷֱָҹ˶ġ
С裿
ҹ˶ľȵ˵
ѾܶûˣСʱҹ˹ӱ˺ܶ࣬ҹ˶ĵӲ䣬ȻСʱҲͲʮʱǿϳ
Ҹһ˻ĸ׶Ǳģҽˣָ˵
ҹ˹ûκƽĿҹ˶ġ
ֱҹ˼ҵĺ֪ܶˮΪʲôȫҹ˼ˣԭΪŮˣڲ˵Ҳ֪ˮŮ˵ĹϵԲһ㡣
ֻǲ֪Ů˵ʵΣһ뵽ˮŮһһнпܣܶ۾
磬ŮˣͨҲվ۷塣
֪𣿡
ˣ˭ǵá
ҵеӡҹүһŮˣҪŮ̫ƯܶӦöӡֻǺŮ˻ˣȻҹүͽˡ
ΪʲôŮ˵ҹүһˣ
ǸƯŮʵǺҹǷమģֻǱҹүˣҹүǸŮˣҹǷ岻ηȢΪޣĺҲֻǺҹү֪ˣӦǼˣԾͱҹǷһš


1365 ս׻ɵ
Ǹˣҹ˼Ҳеˡ
˭˵أߵŮҲãŮǸͨҲãֻڿŮ˲һŮˣҽĹϵҲ
ֹûзǺܰҲֻŮҽ
˵ҽ᲻ΪŮ˳أҽڿǺӰģӦвΪҽְɡ
ҲһϾҹ˼ҺǿΪҽͷҲֻңҳֵĻһб˻ˮ㡣

һʱ²׷ףпҹ˼Ҳпˮʱܶ˵Ŀⶼҹ˶ϡ
˵ĸҵŮˣҵŮҲĸףĸΪǸԹˣôˣɣʵҹ˼ҵѪ
ҹ˶˹˵
ˮϻǹŵ΢Ц֪˴ʲôע⡣
˺γ֪˭ˮŮ˵ĹϵܺãŮ˲˿ҹ˼ҵѪһʱķչǵϡ
ǸؼҵŮﲻɫؼҵҲûʲôϾҹ˼ҵļ¡
ôôģΪϡҹ˼ңȥĸסġ
ҹ˹ҲûзŭĮĿҹ˶ġ
ûдʳ˵Ѿˣô
ҹ˶Ҳ֪ͿװͿ
˾Ϳˣô꣬Ѿ׬ˡ
ҹ˹Цſҹ˶ġ
ô㸸˵ġ
ʱһҹĸվŭĿȵ
ҸѾˣ˭ʲôʸվȻվǾһˡ
ҹ˹迴Ҳˡ
ҹ˶ģԼ˶ȥҸĸϴ֡
ҹ˹һֱҹ˶ġ
Ҳ㣬߰ɣԺҲҹ˼ҵˡ
ҹ˶ҡͷ˵
ֻǲŰ⹷ƨҹ˼ҵҫҹ˼⼸ҿǳ裬ǰҾ͸ԼʧԸġ
ˣģǵµ֣
ŭˣǼеСû˸Һײҹ˹һٵĶײŬˡ
ŭˣ˱ŭˮ̫ˣˮ֪ҹ˹һܷŭ
϶Ҳ˵仰ʧ
ˮ˵˫Ŀסˡ
ˮһ˵ֱΧ㾲ֹˣҹ˼ңҹ˿ףʵ۷壬˵Ҳҹ˼ҵļҹ˶ĵֱϵ
ǿҹ˼ҹ˹ҹ˼ѾĶˣһҹ˼û˸ҷˣҹ˼ҵܹĴˮһ仰Ѿ˫Ƶǣô˵棬Ѿ޷ˡ

ҹĸЦЦ˭ŭˡ
ҹ˼ҵʲôʱֵˣûиôҹ˼Ұҿˣҹ˼ҵ飬ϣλҪ֡
ҹĸΧɨһۡ
㶯ҽǺԡ
һվᶨ˵
ҽ޷Ӳ

һֱ̫ܶӷϣҲվˮоվĻûУΪûͷʵ
ˮлλ黹ҲҪ֡
ˮֱΧ˵
ȻҪɱңɣôˣΣ
ҹ˶֪鲻ȥˣ龡ԽԽûкô
޹ؽҪذɣҹ˼ҽ飬ϯɢ˰ɣ
ҹĸʵڸһЩˣҵˡ
ҹ˹軺̤ϰա
ҹ˶ҲȥˮҲȥվ΢Զһĵطҹ˼Ҳвȥ뿪
С裬ٸһᣬɣ
ҹ˶˵
ҹ˶ģֻܸ˵ҵɱҸһңҹ˼ծǷô꣬Ҳûˣ˶Ϻˡ
ѾŬˣȻˣҲҪûиŮ֡
ҹ˶ĳһѽꪣĳ߳
ҪϻˣУһֻ磬ʳӣȴԡ
ҹ˹˵Ҳڿֱһֱ׻

޴ĺǧǵصϢ˶סˡ
ҹ˶ɫˣոմﵽ龳磬ڷֻ׻ʵƺǿʱҹ˼вҲʱֱӵҹ˶ߡ
ȥɣ
ҹ˹һӣ޴İ׻Хһѩ׵ĲӰиƿ
׻צ
ۡ
޴İ׻ֱӳ嵽ҹ˼ҵȺУֱֱĳ㱻
ҹĸӰһڵһʱҹ˹ȥֻ֪ɱҹ˹裬ǰ׻ʧ
Ź
ҹ˹ľŹȻûŹ磬Ȼǿ󣬶һиϻεĻһͻɽͻ֡ͻͻϰ׻Ĳ
ҹ˹ײ뵽˾ŹУ˵ɾŹķλ뵽˻С
Ӱһ̽
˺
ֻҹ˹ĹѾȫζˣˮоҹ˹ʹûѾﵽľ硣
ڰ׻Ĺ£۷϶ɱҹ˶ĺһ赲£ǲϵĵ¡
ЩǼľӢ嵱δҲǴЩеģһıɱ
Ϊҹ˼ҵˣȴ¾ҹ˼ҵˣôȥҹ˼ҵȡ
ҹĸһߺҹ˹轻һߴĺȵ
Ҳҹ˼ҵˣģûǵڣңҹ˼ҵģʱҪôڽҹ˼ϵġ
ҹ˹ƾǿĲʽֱӽҹĸѹơ
ҹ˹ĹͱȴһĸоеǾһ㣬ƮƮƮݵĹȴɽ
ҲһĹϵ
㡭
ҹĸҹ˹Ļҭİ
ûü˵ʲôҹ˹һҹĸļ򣬹ͷѵ
ҹ˹ûκθо˿ûֱͦҹĸһͣζ֮ͣǰ˵ν֮ھˮҲǸо
׻Ѿɱ˰ˣɵİ׻һֻ֪ƣľޣɢʵѾﵽ龳磬ϧûµϢֻйɱޱȡ
ҹ˶ԮҹĸȴǱ׻ĽģһҲһЩˣ֪ҹ˹踳׻ʶǲɱҹ˶ġ
ҹĸһ֮սĲ磬ûжþͱҹ˹ȥΪҲˣİκҲûмû
ˣɱͨ˻ţɱǻҪ¡
ʱΧǿҵϢֱӳڰ׻˲伸ǿҵĹ׻ˣҹ˹ٻذ׻ߡ
صҹ˼ңҹ˼ġ
һϵǰеһˡ


1366 սߣˣ
һϵֱˣӥۣȻһ͵ȴǸһֺ塢ɱϵĸо
ܶ˰ҹ˼ҵ仰Ǹоޱȣصҹ˼ңҹ˼Ҿģҹ˼ô˵Ҳҹ˿ףһŮˣֻҪͿӵҹ˼ҡ
ûģٺŮܼܽģֻǺٶѣرǴﵽҹ˼߶ȵļ壬Ůƿؼ壬Ǿ˵ûˡ
ҹ˼ҵ̧ͷ
ҹ˹û˼ƿҹ˼ңǰǲܣҹ˼һǲôΪ֪ԼߵԺѹļ塣
ԼöҲѹļ壬Լġ
һķܶʷǴǿȻڱǰĻҵҲ˺ţɥʧԣǿʳûдȻ˾Ҫõߵ׼
ҹ˹迴˵
仰˵ĺףĿľҪҹ˼ҡ
ҹ˶ǸѪԼôҹ˼ҵˣҹ˿˭ֵܵ
֪ҲΪҹ˹裬ˮܼǵõ죬ݣҹ˹ܴﵽĲҲΪˮҹ˹ûˮҲᷢһССı仯
ʲôܻصҹ˼ңģԴӦ㡣
˴ʼɫûбһ¡
Ҳصҹ˼ңҲûֶÿ˶ҪΪ鸺𡣡
ҹ˹迴ŶЩŵˡ
嶼ı׶ˣÿ嶼ǡ
ͼٴȰҹ˹衣
ˮû뵽Է̬ȣΪ϶ֵģˮվһԲûôֻҪȺŹҹ˹裬ἱų֡
Ҫһʧ㲻Ļÿ˭Ҷҵĵˡ
ҹ˹ϵ˵
СѾͷҲǿǸ֮ģҪôߣΪֻƾһֻܸҹ˼ңЦ
һߵһͬϵеŭ˵
ЩУ鲻֣ʲôû˸ҷǵԸʲôʱôùʹֶԷɲɿڡ
Ҳãҹ˼˿Ҳ御ˣҹ˹̫Ƕֻ֣Ҫˮ֣ǲֱӳ
ÿ
ҹ˹ɴֱ˵΢΢ںЩ˷ϻеĳΨѪϴˢ
ҽ쵹Ҫʲôô񡣡
֮ǰ˵Ǹһֱ̽ҹ˹ȥ
Ϊ׵Ǹ˲ûгֹ˲²ʲô


ҹ˹ֱٴһֻ׻ֻ׻ֱų˳ȥ׹һɱ֮
ʱһֻ׻ʱѾüˣֱֳһֻһģһİ׻ʵҲҰȫһ
Ըһֻ
һæ˹סһֻ
ҹ˹üͷһ壬˫һٴγֻһģһİ׻Ըٶɱ˹ȥ
һ³ˮҹ˹⣬˶ˣÿһֻʵֻǶôհ׵ʵ
׻ɱ
ͻȻֻ׻һֵķλ˲佫ΧסĵѩĹ
أ
λĵ˻ûüʲôֱӱըһɫĴ󶴣ɢĹΡ
ʧˡ
׻ɣ
кǿҪɣ˵ʵ׻Ҫһ㣬ټϵƣֱɱ
ߡ
ˮҲǵһο䣬˸ǴʧɫеѾʼ뿪һСľͿҲûˡ
֣ɱ
Ϊ׵һβԥȻֱҹ˹ȥҲ߸˻һĽӦкˡ
ѵҹ˼һߡ
ʱˮˡ
֮
ԵĻֱ֮ȫʵɣеһС
Ź
ɹ
Ǳǿǰ
ټϾŹеʵֱӵ龳硭
ҹ˹貽չһֻ׻ԣػİȫϾԵĿǳߡ
ҹ˼ҵ˴ʱѪֻҪеӵ˾֪߶ڼҪһתûû飬ƺܿǼͻʧ
ÿ𶼻Ӱ쵽ܶˣǲűģһʵãܿͻ˲ǹȥǿʳĴ½
ɽ
ˮгɽԷˮľɽԽԷˣˮЦˣ𿴶漸ߣûҹ˹İ׻ˮҹ˹ҲֻܵķݣһĻˮоԼԸû⡣
·ǸߣҸ㴴ᣬð׻Χɱ
ˮ˵
ã
ɽϾСɽͷһˮֱһ˴ȥ˿ɽæ֮ǰ֪СɽͷĹŹ֡
һǸˮֱһд֮ӡһ˱ȥ
ͬʱɽֱȥ
ɽĹģҪǿµĶܻײһ»
Ƕ㿪ˮҪľЧֱþɽɽǰ״СģǸоʱŷиñɽԵֻ׻
߶ֻһʮʵİ׻ǿ֪ġ
׻ɱ
һĽɱֻܻҷ𣬳ߣԼͨûѧֻܶ׻ǿϢǽΧһֱӽ
ޣ
߳
ˮ֮䣬ʹŻеɬ󶯣ƵĹʱıֻǿöԷǱһ㡣
ˮʵҲϰ󶯣ȻעǷҹ˹ϡ
Ȼг׻ֻҪһԷ˿ɱǾԲģ߻ֻ׻ȻˮһǱޱȣЧѸٵǾɽ
ˮҲΪ˶ҹ˹ʵսڴǺȶˮԷ󣬼ϾŹ򣬰׻ռơ
Σˮпǧҹ˹費ߣȴǿгֻ鼶ġޡɼġ
ˮԼʵȻûôߣֻڴ֮ӡַʵʱܱĹˮѪ٣סЩûκһġ
ʱһĹȥˮʷȻܵ쳣սڵϵߣΣȴǴ̼
ҹ˹еʶŰ׻ս֪԰׻ĿƺڷٵĽţվһֻ׻ϣİȫϵ
ӵоŹˮټϾŹ򣬺οʥʯָԼУˮ밲ȫ뿪ûǾŹ֮׵ھŹд󣬲ʱķһ֣ҲѸٵĽš
Ҫ̬һʼԵıϾߣӰҲǸоźܴѹоޱɣһ⾳ϵͻƣһƿأ
ʶˣ


1367 ҹ˶ġһֽβ
սȻڽУˮľŹӰ죬ٶٴܵӰ죬¸еŤ⻹оҲˡ
ҹ˹İ׻ͬ޻ҪͣʹֻʱͻԶʧսʱҲ̫࣬Ҳʱ֮ǰʧԴֱʧ
ԸǰЩˣٲǰʧϾǿҲûгʵ
ҹ˼ҴûƵѪˣһֱվҹ˿߷壬ɽȻ󱲱Ƶĵزԭǲܽܡ
ҹ˶ܶҹ˹һ㣬Ҳһҹ˼ҴݳǶû⣬ȴҪٻԵѡ
̿ɻɻ
ҹ˼Ҽ˶ҹ˶ģɱҹ˶ҹ˼һָǻԥɱҹ˶ġ
һźҹ˼ҵ滹ǲܱȵģҹ˶ǻججģǰЩѾˣɽȻ˱Ƶûл֮
ѵԼˣ
ҹ˶ֱڲ뷨ǰǼ֮ӣȻǺ󱲣ڼĵλܸߣԸ
ż֧ûжþ͵ķ·ڵһ֧ˣôȵҹ˼ҺԼֻ·һ
ѾˣѵһҪƽ飬ȥĸ
ҹ˶ĳ嵽ҹ˹ǰ˵
һôģʱΪʲôͣô˶޹ڿң˵ͣ𣿡
ҹ˹ĮĿҹ˶ġ
ҹ˶ֻںޣΣŮӦŮûи飬֮ܿҹ˼ҵĸ
Ҫ㿴ҹ˼ҵĵ
ҹ˶ƽĿҹ˶ģôĿżһĵ¡
ҹ˶ֻһĳȥİþȪ֮µĸĸǰϢ
ڻɱ㡣
ҹ˹Ű׻ֱӳ˹ȥһӱȥһѪҲֻ˶ѣ֮ҹ˶ѾֻĻ֮䡣
滹ڵ˶һЩ壬ؼԥѾ֪ͨĳҲòൽˣĻ
أ
ˮҹ˹ٴþɽɱһΪ׵Ǹ˻ҹ˶ǿߣ߸
ʱˮҹ˹ٴһξɱ¾
ɽ
׻·ס
ֻһ·ˣˮʱʹǿս
Ѫ٣
޴ѪѾǰܱȵģ޴ٳѪ·Ҫյ¸קһ㡣
ǿĵѪɫĹâ˻ëԾ
Ѱ
ˮгѰСѾļˣٶٴηʵı仯ھǳҲֺ
Ѫ٣һߵ
߹ŵͷѪӣվ˽ߣѾ޷ˮû붼ôѾո
һʱʱ䣬ҹ˼ҵѾʣ֪ǲǻУ˶֪Ѷֻʵ̫еϡ
ʱ䣬ɽ˺ҡ¼ҹ˿Ķ˶ˣϾ֮սѵһ
Ҳر𺳣Ůʲô·ֱˮҪˮѾˣȺ֣ҹ˼ʵûۡ
֪ҹ˹裬ֵŮ˵ʵ֪ʲô·Ѿ֪ˮŮˣԽԽоˡ
ȣеļǺޱȣˮʱ˵ѣҲеһЩڵûкˮùϵϵϲˣƶѡʧʱǸʱѲѡ
ֻ׻ˮڶԸ黹Ǻɵģοли˵ҹ˶ġ
ҹ˼ҸѾǲתˣʣµ˻ţҲбļҹ˼ҡ
ҹǷҲҹ˼ҵˣҹ˼ҵѪвϣ㶼ҹ˼ҵˣҹ˼ҵţսˣҹ˼ҵļԺɱҲܸı䡣
Ϊ׵Ǹ˴ĺȵ
Ϊҹ˼ҵѰһ·ɱܱȱɱ˺ãοԲɱ⣬ҹ˼Ψһһ·
ҹ˼˺γ֪ǴӦȻҲܿ仰Ǻзġ
ۡ
һӤһŮӱһСŮ
Ŀȥ㿴㳤ö񣬾㲻ãĿż´ĺȥ𣿡
СѾͷĻǺҹ˹ʵѾвٵҹ˼ҵŮ˺ӿ޳һţֻҪɵӶ֪ҹ˼ҿˣȴǵ˽ҵġ
ҹ˹ɫĮСѾͷҹ˶ĵɱ޹Щ޹ģ´ĺʲôԼҲԼҲڲ硭
ҹ˹ͻȻо֮ǰԼҲǶôȷͷˮ΢ЦĿԼаݡ½⻹һ˿ӣڿԼʱһ˿ƺûˡ
ҹ˹֪ˣԼףͻȻ巢һı仯ʵҲͨĴƺѾһ졣
ָƼ򵥣ֻֻе˺ŵˣڿԽȫɱʱŵһ֣ѵģرҹ˹Ϊʮ궼ͣѡ
ҹ˼ҵ˿ҹ˹ɫЦǿҼʹ˾Ȫ֮Ҳˡ
˵꣬ѪֱӴӸ߿ȥ
ɱˣ
ˮе㱯ʲôˣЩиǿؼĴУͼ崫бֵһᡣ
ҹ˶ҲֻˣʱѾˡ
˵ɣҶӦ㣬Ȼһȥ㸸ĸᴦл
ҹ˶֪ҹ˹費Ͼɱҹ˼ҵҲᱻ۸Ҳˡ
ҹ˹Ȼˣɱô޹ˣԼˣֻҪǵ˶Ҫ
Ҹһ֧ˣʱȫҲϣһ©
ҹ˹迴ҹ˶Ļ˵˶˵ʲô㣬鲢ѪԵ㡣
ҿȥ
ҹ˶˵Хһһ˷ȥҹ˶ҲûֱӷԸ

ҹ˶ˣһҹ˼ҵûҹ˹쵽ҹ˼ңҹ˼ҵļԱ֤ʱ䲻˻ᶯҹ˼ҡ
ȥµҹ˼ҵǳҹ˶֮һǱܵģֻܴҹ˼ߵʲôξͲ֪ˡ
ˣĽֻǺܳκ˵ϵģˮҲе⣬Ϊҹ˼ңҹ˶һһû뵽ؼʱȴȻ
ʱǲ֮֮ġ


1368 ҹ˹ͻ飬Ȫˮ
ʼճؼҵ˲ûгͷؼҵˣֻǿҹ˼ҵ³󣬹ϵûжʱ˶ѡѣ˵Ҳ㲻ϱѡ
龰ˮ뵽ǰһЩνҳǱѵĳ벻ߣֻҪ㹻ˣûвѵˣǽǮŮԼ伫
ؼңͼȣĶʲôܻţ̸ٶҲûãԸָҲˡ
ҹ˼ˣҹ˿ڵҹ˼Ҳʵҹ˿ѾȺ׵״ֻ̬û˸ԼҪƿҹ˿
ҹ˹ڣˮڣҡ¼ҡˮҡؼҵȵȣҾͲ˵ˣǲǺҺˮվһ𣬵֪ҵʵҶĻǸöˡ
ˮֱӺҹ˹Ž÷ȥĳ档
˵˭Ϊҹ˿ĳң
ⲻŵǶ뵱Ļҡ¼ҵһ֧ǲĻƾˣҿ͵ʵǸûҰġ
Ұһģڹƻ濴ҹ˿˵ҹ˿̫ء
Ϊʲô
ûзҺҽӴ˺ܶԪͻƵߣҵҲͻƵ˶ص飬ҲԪ
һ˵ǡ
˵˵ҽҹ˿ҪĶֻ࣬Ҫҽϵãӵҹ˿öˣԴݳǵǸȦӣȥ

ˮǲǺܶ
ҹ˹豾÷صڿûȫ
ôأԸˣΪʲôǺܿأȥԵĽϸɩǣףף
ˮЦ˵
ҹ˹迴ˮЦĺǿΪһһϲģȴǸоʧʲôһˮܸܲңҶʧʲô
ˮһ㶣ҹ˹飬Цһ˱صĶܳأʱѾϰˣϵĶһͻȻһ죬ߣᣬķƮҲ᲻ϰߣ㱳źܴѹѾϰˣʱ㶼оΪ˳޻ţûˣҲˡ
ˮ֪ҪԭйϵȻɱܶˣһо֣Ÿоñ
ҹ˹ˮǻʱ˸䣬ȥһĸ˵ĵطˮһοŮ桭
ˮ֪ҹ˹ҪʱָǾϵһʱĲʣҪһʱա
ˮ֮ǰûиѻǾǸѾǵˡ
һͿѾˡ
ѻԬĵǣԬտ첽ӭסҹ˹ֿˮû°ɣ
ˮܸܵĵǣݵģϾԼˣҲ޷Աô˵ݵĻġ
ˮĿԣÿ˶˼ǰҪһǺ飬ҲȺ֣Ϊ˴˶̸õõ˵־ͬϡ
Ԭ֪ˮ뷨ҲƣʵҲĿԣô˵Ĺϵһ
ҹ˹迴ԬѻԼˮ￪˺ܶ࣬뵽̡̨ԼɽһЩ˺ܶ࣬¶кܶںˡ
ˮ֣֪ܽʲôʱԼԣ飬ûˮ޷
ҹ˹ˮ֣÷˻к󣬿ˮĿҲ
ˮ³˺ܶණȻˮ³˶ĳԹ󣬵Ҳɡ
ܿ˾ϣˮҲ谤ţԬպҹ˹谤ţԬհţѻĺڷ˯ţרտ
һش˽ˣԽֵÿġ
ˮ˵
֪ˣԺ㲻ٱôİˡ
ԬЦ˵
ֻ²֪ǶôҪһһϧ
ҹ˹˵
ԺΪԼţԼһ㡣
ΪԼţأô󣬿ΪԼһ졣
ҹ˹迴ˮ˵
ˮһ㶣ҹ˹˵Լ飬ֻҪ˵Ķ˵ˣ΢΢ҡҡͷҲе˾һӶΪһЩţ֣ΪҲܿģ㣬ڲĸҲܰϢˡ
ҲϣҲԼ顣
ģܿˡ
ˮЦ˵ȴ̾ϢԼƺôɣԼѾʮˣǰѾˣ㹻ʱ䡣

ʱܿ죬֪µʱ䣬ˮÿ춼ڿ̿ɷԲľõȫĹ̡
ɻͰǻûͻ飬ȴиͻƵ龳硣
ҹ˹裡
еľ޴ˣһͷһ㣬ˮ£µĿֱ̿ͻƵ飬һʮʵ
ʮʵͻƵġ
ˮû뵽Լ֮ǰ̤飬̤ĻȻûͻƣϽͻƻ̫ˣʹǿֲޱȡ
ʮİ׻һֻ
۷ʵ
ҹ˹ƾ転ֱӵֻ۷ġޡҹ˹迪ޱȣмȥ˼ңҵǸŽ̸֪ͻ֮ҪѻãȻǺѿȥһģȴҪġ
ˮЩ춼Ԫ
ˮſԺܺҩֻмҩʲôر󡣡
Ԭ˵Ȼһҩݸˮ
ˮһЦˣΪ˵ĺҵҩʲôģо֮Ȫ塢йӣЩС
֮ˮҲ˽⣬йӣӦУ֮ȪͶǿǿϸ
֮ˮǺܾȣŮ˵߼̫ǿˣԺܺõİЩҩҩںϣȻ廹ҪˮȴԬոˮġ
˵Ϊҩԡʺÿһߣҩԡ쳣ԵģҩҪЩҩʲôƳҩۣȻһˮС
ˮϲֱӽɾҩû֣ԬѾˣȪˮˮںԺܿĵľͶˡ
һ˷߲ݣȻ֮ȪйʲôĶҪ˷ѣϾʧ˶ʧˡ
йӲȱЩ˲٣ƽʱҲûʲôãû뵽ȴ˴ô
Ԭ˵ˣȪˮԸʱʹһΣһյĻüͻᱥͣԺգûеһЧãһʹõĻʱԽԽá

˲һ£ǳɹˣˮŽ¯Ŵһ豭ĵɫķĩһζ֮ĳ嶯
ԬյҩЧ˵ĲȫˮԼٿһ¡
ͨ


1369 ǿȪˮԣĵ
ЧˮǺģȪˮԺܺõǿϸȥʣ
ЧǺģѾɹˣˮȣʼȪˮһֱȥɾʱͣмʧΣɹˡ
жʮƿȪˮĩһƿʹһΣЩǺġ
ȥˮֱҹ˹׼ˮԬҲڣˮҹ˹ǷޣԬҲ֪ģ󿴵ˮûȥ˼ʱֻʱ뿪ˡ
ˮʲô⣬ԼҲչˣοҹ˹ǷޣˮǷˡ
ҹ˹Ҳûиоʲôķ䣬֮ߵˮǰҪҿ¡
ˮЦһѱסѸٵĶԸе̴ڣͷһʱ̴Уסķ۵̰࣬˱š
ֻҲһһµ·Уҹ˹貢ûĻţıˮ
ǱİΣйģȴǺͦΣһִ󵽸պõĸоرִӰۣزԽԽá
塢ʮ㣬һֻ˷Բϣͬž˵ĵԺ͹⻬ϸ۵ķ·Ҫˮһ㡣
ˮˣһˮˡ
ҹ˹㿪ˮ죬е㴭˵һɬпġ
ˮ֣Ȼ󻺻ȥ·Բľ˵ҹ˹һǲκģѾӦ龳֮
Ҫʲôҹ˹Ҳͬ⣬ôˣںڶȼ꣬ɲ뺦ˮܺˮһ𣬾ǲ֮ҲܽܣȻҲһܴź
ԡͰˮȣȪˮѾڽȥʱˮѾΪ˱ɫܺÿɢȻ˵ζ
ҹ˹ʱѾŴƵվˮǰɢջˮѸٵ˷Ӧ·߸ߵĳ
ҹ˹һһԾȻ󻺻ԡͰУԡͰеˮͿʼѸٵðһЩ΢Сݣܼܶ庹ëա
ҹ˹΢΢۾ϵɫܰƺˮվԡͰߣһ˵ҩǵһʹãˮûҹ˹һΪһʲôҲȡ
ʱһĹȥˮĵƺǶģԡͰеƺ޾ʱӳɫˮڿʼı䵭ˮҲûǰô峺ˡ
һʱʱ䣬ԽԽ٣ˮߵҲԽԽǣҹ˹Խ°ۣ˪ѩļʱƺһԡ
۾ûüԼ壬ǻǵˮֱ˳Ծ˵ˮôôࡣ
ˣڲʣɱ˹ƻںڵģ˵Ч
ˮ˵ʵ
ﲻһԡͰ˭Ҳֳɵģҹ˹ֱӵһԡͰУźһЩﻹǺܸ˵ģ˵Чܺá
ˮʶҲܸһı仯֮ǰȣһ¥ڵĵػ֮ǰǿ֮֮࣬ǰƽ¥󣬶˺ܶȦ˺ֽܶ֮ǰ̫ˣǱ仯޴ı仯
еʾεųԪӣҲõߣҲֱ
Ϊûӣʵõս˺ܶ࣬ʵֱӹϵ׻ıȫλģ˵ʵõ֮󣬾׻ʵҲ·õһսõ
ҩ棬ʡȥʮʱ
ҹ˹˷ܣȻ˷ܣɱҲǺ˷ܵġ
ԬԼƳҩȻһ㣬Ч治㲻񼶵ҩۣôҲϴ˵ˡ
ˮҲǺܿģͬʱҲԬҩϵ츳
ˮоô
ҹ˹ˮſԡͰϣţˮѪ
ˮϵ·һȻĺ汧ס
ˮ㣬㣡
ҹ˹һ죬
ˮУܹ⻬ˮһֱͦӽ뵽һ֮覡
ҹ˹оһʹѾԾµģΪˮǺǰһĽ뵽壬æеС
Ѿˣһһ㴫ˮ壬ˮסһѸת貵ĹΣȻ濴
һ֮ϾͳϸСƣʹ裬еĽҲѸٵתɢĹΡ
ɽҲǷһɹɵĶܻϵĳǰʴù
֮һķ޴ϣ·һ췴ĳһ
ǹɱ֮ƺ쳣Ե׻սһڵ龰Ѿ˿һ㣬ˮ˳
ҹ˹ʱϰ£еĵѾ˺ˮҪʲô⣬һġ
ҹ˹дıһϢԴԴˮŰţˮû뵽ԼѾԲΪȻֻǿֿȥֵ֪ܵʱ䡣
ѵΪͻƵԭ
ӦǰɣˮҲǺܵģΪˣĵҲˡ
ˮȫɲҵкܶҪϾܴﵽ顢ﵽ죬ܿչֽ顣
һʱʱĲϵһĺۼȴԽԽ࣬ˮ㹻ǿ󣬻ɱˣʹˡ
ֻˮ಻ԵǵѾزס˵ͣĹߵеĽ𵤣Ǹݵأ⣬ߵľͿͣˡ
ʱһĹȥˮϵЦԽԽ࣬ҹ˹͹ˮˮһΪڵͨȻ֪ˮܣֻ֪˴˵Ĵ
ˮˣǲǾûˣҵ֮ûˣǲǾͿ԰ˡ
ҹ˹ʱ˵
ҹ˹ѾȫǱ岻ܿƣʶԼ˵˵
ˮǿԿԼʶȴǲ˳ܿԼеĹȴˣ֮䴫ݵѾΪһ壬ǣֿһоһֿǿӡ
ˮɲȻһЩ浤ҩǶܱ֤ûⶫǻأοڻûеǸҪԹĵز
ˮҡҡͷҪ˵Ļˡ
Ҳš
˭Ҳģ㻹ûгΪҵŮء
ˮɵ˵
ˣҲûʲôźûܺӣǵĺһܺÿġ
ҹ˹ǿЦ˵
ģҪģǵʱһкһŮ
ˮһ˵һŰ취ҪŬĵֵڵıһϢ
ͻȻˮܵҹ˹ʧ
Ҫôϱһˡ
ˮ󾪣æ˵϶ҹ˹ֹͣɱĶһ˿ů⣬ֻݵҸ


1370 ͻƣ죬𣬳ͨ
룬ſʼôʧȥĲģԼΪŮˣԼֻӵݵһ𡭡
治ͣʴˮĵѾϢˮܣû뵽ȻΪѾûˡȴû뵽ıƵ·
ˮоԼԽԽ䣬ԼԼʹУָоڲϵļӾ磬񵶽һˮҧţǰʱӾʹС׼ס
ҹ˹еı·޾һ㣬ˮֻǾֵ֪Լʲô취ֵҪƵľ·֪ô졣
ʲô޲ߣˮָоȴûʹطֻһ粻ľ룬ȴһãһ
ҹ˹費֪ô뾡ջı棬ѾԼƣֻĸˮԽԽ䡣
б֮ԽԽ࣬徭еı֮ҲԽԽ࣬һƺѾסˡ
ʱ仺ʧˮоԼѾסһ㣡
֮
ˮ֮һĵı֮ˮıûа취Ļˮ֪ô졣
֮תֻ޵ģĻûнĶ࣬ˮ廹һĶ񻯡
ˮ֪ԽԽҹ˹ٴ֮ǰĶܿˮô뿪ĬĬĸԼһҪǰ档
ˮԽԽѾһ֮䡣
ҹ˹ҧҧ׼ľţͻȻһ֮塣
ϵˮٴ
ҹ˹֪ˮģˮһǰ֮Ҫϳȥֻͣܶһʱ䡣
ˮʶѾʼģˡ
أ
Ҳ֪˶ãˮϱһ貵ĹΣһӴϢӣϢ·Ҫһ
ͻȻˮ˫ۣ䶼һƬĹΡ
ҹ˹Ҳ˫ۣʱ˻ĽһˮѾôˣһƬ
¶ҲӣˮͻȻо綼ˣʶһչסôһƬأ·ԼһԼָоܰһ
ȻϢͻˡ
ֻ֪֮ǰǹϢжǿֱӳȥ䶯˶ǿߣѾ֪ܶҹ˿ǳһǿߣ˭֪
ˮϢǿ񵱳ʱһϢϢԳΪǿڣҪһʱ䣬ֻǴ츳˵ֻ֣ҪﵽһΪǿڣм䲻ҪزۻҪʱ䡣
ˮоûˣûˣ˵ϺǱΪ֮عԡͰ֮ڳΪɫˮζҲá
ˮֽͰˮȻֱӴɾˮгٵˮ÷÷Ŀá
ˮҹ˹峺ˮУޱȵΪ˵廹һ𣬵ȴû֮ǰ档
С裬ΪҪл㣬øͻˣԺһŮˣֻҵŮˣ㲻Ҫô
ˮĵ˵
һʵŹһ⣬֪ͷ֮ͻˣǿ֮ˮȻ﷢䡣
ˮ˵⻰ʵ֮ǰѾһµڵĵ̤ʱһ
ûˣڳΪһŽ׵СˣС˿üĿŽףȫװĺܣһžɽһűǽ²졭
ȻĿ߲ʵ֮С˵ǰͷϷһȵڵУһǰδе
ˮ㲻֪֮ǰж຦¡
ҹ˹ҲǹҸЦݣֻҪˮû£ʲôá
ˮ֮ǰ֪ŮΪԼԣһŮˣһôŮ˿Ϊ㻹ʲô⣬ʲôܸġ
֪ⲻǽط𡭡
ȥʲôʱ˻ÿ
ҹ˹ɫһ䡣
ʲôʱ˵ʲôʱˡ
ˮ˵Ż˶ӡ
ţ
ҹ˹̲סһ
֮ǰͻӦúҲйϵֻ֮Ҳֻܱסͻơ
һ컵飬ҹ˹ܿģ㣬ΪһŮ֮ˣȴû뵽ܺԼİҲֻܺԼİһ졣
ٺˮľٴηһ˿仯Ҳһйе˷ܺһ˵飬οҲ顣
ҹ˹ķˮо˿ɼر£ƺ˽ˮʥպܷŵÿֹ󸾺͵һ𣬻ֻ֣Լһ˵ġ
ˮֻҪҹ˹ͻˮʵҲûжаͷƲаҲûá
һھǰ⾰ҹ˹ˮҲǳѾúι̣ڸι̣ʵҲ˺ܶ࣬ʮﵽһʮ
ʮȣʵеǿ
ҹ˹ſˮϣʥһ˿ޣһ־޵ھޱȡ
һֻ۽ķˮؿڣ°ͷԼֱϿˮ
ˮҺÿ֣һҴӵõת䡣
ҹ˹迪ĵ˵
õ
ˮٺЦ

룬ɫѾ˰ˣҹ˹ȳȥˣϾԬպѻ껹棬ⶼˡ
ˮֱڲܸԼʵԼǰˣһֱϹǿľԼʵġ
죡
ˮԼıʵ
ʵ㹻ǿˮȻԼ߲ʵʮıʵ
һӵĲ̫࣬ˮеƣˮǿٵȥ

ûˡ
ǽҲûˣ
ΪЩѾΪнС˵һ֣Сˮ
ʲôˮֻ֪֪С˾ͺ֮ǰĽ𵤲࣬ƺǿǿʮ
ˮһͻƣʵٴη˱仯ʵﵽ߲ʵӱʵʮʮʵžһʵ
ôˮʵﵽʮɽﵽ˽ʵ
޺顢߲ʵ𡢾žԼ֮ӡ´ﵽٶʵ
ֻˮƵĻǲܿǽͻľʵǱǽļʺҲûˣˮоܲˬ
ӵ𣬺ôǾ޴ġ
Ž׵źüǿͨˮǿ֮
ͨ
ףˮȫﵽʵҿÿֵһ
һÿʹһһʵ
ӰٶÿʹһΣʱһӡ
ǳͨ쵤ٴλΣΪ


1371 ƴãǰһƬ
ˮ˺ܾãٴη˷츲صı仯ǽѾΪһ壬ɽǻǰʹãΪʵǿޱȡ
ϴŵʱˮĶʵˣ𵤻ǰҺ̬ٵᵤѾǻ˰ɣ
ʹô֮ӡʵﵽʵҲܴﵽٶʵڶԸҹ˼ҵЩߣˮһǡ
ٶʵѾǺˣʵܶٱ۵֮ʵʵ˵۷ܴһߣʮҲܡ
֮Ĳ࣬ҹ˹ûͨҲûУ˵ƺҪؾͨ
ˮڰ죬Ѿ˳ͨͨԿһֻһֻʹһΣҲøˣͨѾôˣһʹòۺͳ߿Եֵġ
Ǳģˮӵñֻܿ޵ķĵôﵽķֵһֻÿһΡ
վŲҲЩ߿ԵֵģΪƲˮĽס
һˮһءصߣɱ
ӰһʹһӵʱԸıܶණ
ǿϹǿһֳľǿͬˮͿһа٣ʵþͲսʤˮˡ
ˣڴﵽˣӦҲ龳ˣֻ鼸ؾ磬֪Ҳȥ룬ֻԼϹǿ
ҹ˹ȥҲˣˮɴŪЩˮȻȪˮҪȹ̾磬ⶫʵȴǱʵЧ̫ˡ
һѱӱˮͰһñӵˮһЩҲˮͰˮûбӵĶ࣬ӺܿˮͰǱҪװˮöࡣ
ˮû뵽ԼҲԡͰˮûǲҹ˹ݳˮҪǵĶࡣ
·оû£ݹĸоˬоë׶ſһڲϵĽ塣
֮ǰ̫ͬˣԼҲܶˡ
߳ʱҹ˹衢ѻꡢԬաڣˮЦŴк֪ˮû£ʵǰǰΣҲֻˮҹ˹֪
ܵ˵˶Ǹоƽ
ţϵ㿴ƽʱһˡ
ѻ꿴ˮ˵Ҳ˵ǲһ
ҹ˹迴ˮе죬ȴʧȳƣ֪ǿ׳ģ뵽е죬֮ǰǺ˺óʱ䡣
úǿˣҹ˹ҲõˣҽʦȴռһɣΪˮоԼҪ뿪ˣҪطչѻԬյҽûκ⣬ҹ˹ܱ֤ľ԰ȫ
ҹ˹ͻƵ飬һ˻϶Ժɨҹ˿ˣҹ˹гֻ׻ˮԸӦöеǿͨ
ȥɾȻȥˣοҹ˹ҲͻĹϵˮƽʱҪţѹʱҹ˹ʳ֪ζϽٺͣȡ
ˮҪˣˡ
ҹ˹ˮһĳŮˣʲô̬˴Ρ
СûгԱء
ˮЦҧĶ
ˡܱˡ
ǰֻҪһ˵ûǻˮһ꣬Ӷûһˡ
ˮ֪֪ϲ㣿
ҹ˹˵ûпˮ˵ļףԸܵе㲻ȻĶ˶
֪С֪Һ֮𣿡
ˮЦ˵ʵʱˮкøеģֻƺǲɢһнˡ
ˣ㲻Եδأ
֪˵ˣϲģЩ㲻ڣû㣬ҲǸˣûȥ㣬ʱƺһʲôˣ˵ʱԷأǷ֮ǰ飬Ҳȥ㡣
ҹ˹Ц˵
㲻𣿡
ˮЦʵ
ȻǸŮҲԸͱŮ˷һˣ˲Ը˷һŮһģеǸ檵ģϲ㣬㣬ҾͻһУֻҪϲǸŮˣҿԸߡ
ҹ˹˵ˮԸܵ˵Ļġ
ˮıסܸмǸмŮܸŮˣǸмŮ˶İ
ˮǸŮˣҺĹҲܸоϲѾܺߵһ𣬹ƺѿϡ
ҹ˹̧ͷˮ˵
ˮͷȻǵŮˣпԿɽ֡
ô궼ˣҲüһ̣棬˳Ȼɣ˵أ
ˮ˵
ðɣôһ˷ŵˣ㲻оϧ𣿡
ҹ˹գ˫Ըʥ
һĳҵΪҿԾ
ˮٴηȥٴ˵

ˮʹ죬ǻңȥݳٵȵȣ
ͻƵ컹ǵһλȥ
ܶæˮÿ»ȥһΣȻͼ˵ÿ¶ҪȥһΣԼȥٶᵣģһֱܿסÿ»ȥһΣͻȻһβȥ˭Ҳ뵽ˮѲ⻹ǺõģһԶء
ˮˮ˵һЩԺ󲻻ҲҪģǰҲ˵һü֪ԼʵʱһҲ̫ġ
ÿ»һΣȻÿλǺܿģΪĲףûĻûа취ķչҲʮࡣ
ڲãֻҪԼʲôöϾͿԺͼ˷ǵٶӣΪһǰһʮʮ꣬ʱǻӰܴ
ܿ͵ңȻˮĻҺܿģʱ䳤ˣҲͳΪһϰߣʹϰ߻ǺܿĵģϾһ¾һΣమŮһ¼һλÿζڴġ
ҵķչҲǺܿ죬һλҪٴΰȪˮһοԽǵĸΣСЧй֮޲
һҶûϢСһ仯ÿλźܴı仯ˮһ˿ڲˣסһׯ԰˴˹ϵܺá
ˮǶûУѲ飬ˮĸףʲô¶ò׺Э̣Ѿˮһ£ҲֵУûºŮˣҲ½ӻǺܺõģСһƯ׵ĺܣùܵڤҲǺٷ¡
ڤ֪˵зֻҪ˵ˣû˲ο̶Ǽˡ


1372 ݳҹɼңݷΣ񳯷ɱ
ˮʮ죬˽ɾʱ⣬ʱ䶼ʵϡ
·Ǹ޵׶ôҲÿλˮһ˵ǰҪϲ٣Ȫˮǿû˵ģ޵ˮڸоҲġ
ˮ뿪ҲȥţݣϾҹ˹ڷݣˮֱʹķ޴ֱӳá
ˮҹ˹迪ĵĸˮһӵҹ˹ķ䣬ʮҲСˣСʤ»飬ֱڷС졣
ʳҲһ˶ҪһΣǿ˸Ǻܶ඼ÿ춼ҪŮ˯Ȼǰûʲô¡
ˮǳԽ˴Բ磬ϾԲʱ򻹵ҹ˹ı֮ȴǸоŮû̫Ҫ˵𣬾ҹ˹꣬Ϊǰ׻
ǰ˵׻˷ˮ֪ǲģ˾ݣˮڰ׻˵׻ȷʵ˷򣬵˵ʸӲĻ
ʵһЩʱˮҲ֪ʲôԭˣֻҪԭǰ׻Ů˺꣬ӵС׻Ů˻ղܣήĿܣ׻Ů˵Ҳǿң˸ֲסջһǿҹҹϸ裬Ź֣Ҳͻ֡׻Ů˿˷˵
׻Ůھݾͺǰĺ꾫࡭
С裬ԽԽˡ
ˮЦӵŰĽ
ϲϲ
ҹ˹迪ĵ˵
ϲ̫ϲˣҺ÷ʲȻһΪ˸ɡ
ˮûпʡ
˵ܲиӡ
ˮ֪ҹ˹辭ѻĺӣҲǺӵĸˣΪǺӵ常
ºˣݣСһÿ춼С챻ҹ˹棬ѻһ߿ŶеۣԼĺ̫ˣ߾Ѿ鼶常ĸ
Ժÿ춼ΣӦûġ
鼶еļʸСˣǲܣһع
ˮǺܵģԼģֻеļʵ͵ѣˣȻҲʹˡ
ҹ˹ˮĻһۣޡ
ġ
ҹ˹˵
Ҳġ
ˮ˵ġ
ҹ˹ſھˮҧȥһϸܵӡҲۣҧ˾еڣΪˮӡŪûĻһȥ˿ˡ
ˮһҹ˹裬ӡʧ֮Ĺ뷿֣֮ñ˿ЦǹϵٺҲС
ħҹ㣬㲻ڣ˵
ҹ˹ˮ˵
ţˣ֪׼Һݳĸй𣿡
ˮʵ׼ҵʱһϢûʣϾ顣
ڷݵʱ䲢ʦʹɽȻҾһֱţˣ֮ǰҲһ㣬Ͼħһ̳ܳҲǼܴŻ֮ǰδޱ˰ռˣΪС檣ȴ˶֣׼ҲΪСΪŮ˵֡
ʲô壿ôǿ󣿡
ˮӺˡ
ݳǵҹɼңһ׼廹ǿļ壬Ҷô˵׼׼ҾͲ֪ˡ
ҹ˹˵˵
׼׼ˮҲǺںֻ֪һ㣬֪ҹɼݳӦûòݳǵƽ̨һ㶼ǿļ壬ܶ඼ÿǵǿݳǵķ֧ݳǻúõıӵһ֮صĻҪǿ
ΪݳһռĵشÿҪջеĲֽݳǣÿǳظǵһ
Ҷһݳȡӵһ
ݳҲǸȺһͳһһƺеǿݳһӴȺһȺϵļƽ˷ʽһ𣬹֧ͬԴ
ֻʵлͳ죬ͳĳģҪѡҪôҳϷ
Щ˲ȡĵطϵĲ񡢱ҪϵѹһЩĳǳءˣȺϣȻɫɫϣݳǵһЩƺͳһݣЩһĴڣһЩǳҲǣﶼǰֵģ֮һѾˡ
ʣµ֮ӣ顣
̫ԹŶǴϵµĲͳΣԶһĵطϺͶĿûʲô
ݳЩǸ֪𣿡
ˮ˵ʵϵͳ
ܶడܣЩȥˣҲǺ㵽ݳ֮Ժ׵ľ֪ˡ
ҹ˹ЦЦ˵

ڶˮľͽɾΪͻƵ󣬾ݹķҲˣʾˮѾˡ
ڴ˵еȴھݴ½ڵޣرǰĴˣлһˣŮˣһһʣϰ˵ˣ˵ʱ򣬷ǱŮ˵ģ֦֮ͷˣһ죬ɼ˵ĵλ
ˮпѧϰսʱһ㶣ֻѧϰеս
񳯷ɱ
񳯷һƣԽͶһɵԺͱ๦ӡ
򵥣һ񳯷֮һܺͱ๦ӣˮһʱ뵽˻֮ɡ
ɺǿˣһɲܱ֤ƵѪеʵ
Ҳ̫ѣˮûмǿɱ
ף
ˮȻһĶҪʹõ٣ұͩľƳɵ١
ͩľˮУɾͩľֻٵķҲ⡣
ˮûϸǿɱļַ
սĿս⣬Ŀʵõȫӣӡ
Ŀսùһļʷ
ƣĿڹһļʺӶԷһķ
ˣĿս½ʵܵһӰ졣

ˮһˣȻƺ棬ǿ󣬲֪ΣˮʱҪڷɱѧڲѧһүٵûʲôֻˮͨϣһϲͨ
οˮоѧԵİ񳯷ãڵʵֱɵʵƾֻܿˡ
ҲϴĹŻ֮ĴڣٶȽչܿ죬Ҳ˳һֺͻ֮쳣ƵĹֻڰԵϲ֮
һȥˣûгɹչ˳ϢᣬȻȥĸ޴ͩŪһɣɾϻҲǶͩ
᲻˵ˣˮоٵЩһ·ӡһܿͽЩĶסȻڴģ⡣


1373 ׼ȥݳǣã٣񳯷
񳯷мϢʱ٣ļˮǺģ⼸ٶǱȽϷˮ۵ģֿӴ١
ˮûʲôоǰûʵнӴǸ١֣һףһߡ
ǺܸӣܴƯˮɲðٶӵһѣܵһǾ͸ˡ
ˮõǱ˿Ȼ˺ܶŪɵģҲûˮľѪУɾУˮרΪֲһƬɣһıɣ
ˮյı˿Ȼ࣬ƼŹٻǴ´ģϸƣóһĴٺܼҲᣬƳ֮Ϻ𻵡
һֱˮɾʱ򣬸պƳһ٣񳯷Ҳϧûгɹ
ˮĻ֮ǴһĹ޷̱ˣ񳯷ﲻһԽ̱ˣܲɾ;Ϳˣ˵񳯷ﻹǺܰԵġ
ˮɾźܺõĻѧ˲»ûѧᣬƻҪ죬Ҫǻɱ˾ǲһ꣬һûˮϵıѧ񳯷Ҫʱ䣬⻹ǱصĹơ
ȻһЩ˻һѧҲ˵
߳ȥ֮ˮҪҸԷɱҹ˹ʵˣֱóٻ񳯷ͷɱҹ˹衣
ҹ˹ɻ֪Ϊʲôˮһ٣ѵҪ٣ѵΪԼʣ
˵Ů˻룬Ҳʲô˶ǻģĹüĿȻЦ˵ҿɲԺһ
ԣ񳯷ҪģҪʵȻҲûá
ˮЦ˵
Ҳ֪ԵĹôģҶûдҾͺоټʱҺһ٣м衣
ҹ˹Ц˵
ˮûҭˮɫҹ˹迩ЦŮر˷
ħˣʱû˵ʵ־٣ˮҲһ㶣ΪȻԼ͸
ͻˣ
ħȵ˵
ͻˡ
ˮںħҲǺ죬֮Ҳħ쵽һжˮģˮҪʲôԸˮ˵ľˡ
һ˶Ծ˵ſ˵ߵ˶ѷɫʲôǿŵ֮ˡ
ôңʲô𣿡
ˮʾº˵
֪ϵһȥݳǵģֻǲ֪ʲôʱϵһȥҲҪȥݳǡ
ħ˵
ôЩʱнӴ٣ˮҲ͸¶ҪȥݳǵϢˮ׼ĹϵҲǽˣҪǽʶħˣҲǣΪ׼˶ǺܶصĴڡ
¸ȥɣҪһЩ飬һ˲ס
ˮûҹ˹ţﻹҪȻҹ˹ݳǵĻԼȥݳֻ˲䣬ֻǲܣҪȥݺͼ˵һ£ԼԺȥʱ䲻̶ˡ
ã¸£ϵܡ
ħҲǸˡ
ȥϸɣȻֱһߡ
ˮ˳·
ãҾڼҵϵܡ

ˮҪǰðᵽݳǰɣ
ҹ˹˵ʱɫе졣
ô᲻ң
ˮЦˣʵ֮ǰҲҹ˿Ѿڰȥһкܶ˲Ը⣬ʲô
ˮǲ£ֻ֮ǰһиˮ룬ݳǿֵ꣬ʵǷֵ껹˵׼ء
Ҿ᲻㣬˰ɣ
ҹ˹һ䡣
ϸҩȥսһȥݳǣŪá
ˮ˵
ģ
ҹ˹֮ǰʵҲ˵˵ûˮӦû뵽ˮȴǴӦˣ㶵Ŀˮ
ֻ˵˵Ȼ㣬µĻ£ܰ𣿡
ҹ˹һæ˵
һֱģҲ㣬һ̤ʵҲģʵҲס᷽ܶࡣ
ˮЦ˵ҪҵԺ֮ȶ
̫ˣ
ҹ˹迪ĵıסˮʹڡ
ҹ˹ȥݳǣǾͺˣûȥˣķ޴ǺܺõģǷ򳪸棬ֻҪҹ˹ԼߣʱܻؼҡٻȻÿֻܻһμҡ
ˣҪѻ
ûҲû˸£ˮչһá
ҩȥںǰͬһˣǰ̫ˣȻǵӣԹֻܽǽķԼνĽôĿЦһָͷԼ֣Լʲôġ
Ǹˣôʱ䰮ûƽƽѧܶණˮкôҲ٣
Ҫȥݳǿã
ѻ꾪ȵ˵
õҽʦе٣ҽһˣҹ˿ܶ嶼չģ˵Ҳᾭġ
ˮ˵
ˣ֪һģֻû뵽ô죬㶼ҺС׵ˡ
ѻ֪ȥݳʱˡ
ҵʵˣһ滻ڵҽҪ
֪İɣ
ҩȥѾΪҽʦЩͶ顣ʱĥ¿˵һ޴ת۵㡣

Ԭ֪ˮҹ˹ȥݳǵʱܿģҹ˹˵ģԬյɫ֪Ůǳˡ
ȻŮĵȥоɱ
Ԭղҩ˿ɼ츳û뵽Ҳǳ˵츳ҹ˹軹ҪǿһЩ
ܿŮһŵ

ʱúܿ죬תۼѾǶʮȥˣֵ˸ûؼҵʱˣʮˮǰѰ񳯷ѧˣֹֻҪѧУܿ
ŮҲѷɱĳɣǰĵдΪˮ֪ϲɣˮʮҲֻ˲٣Ԭպҹ˹һһš
صҲһʱʱ䲻ǰ飬ȴǿԺ׵
һңͿڤԺбȶСҾ̵ڻǳˣֻ󲿷˶ˡ
ĲƫңڤƫڹʹõĶǾŹֻÿʹõζһ
ȭ
ͨȭ
ڤõȭͨȭʱ绨裬ڤ죬ռϷ磬ˮȴЦˡ
ԼҲǳصģɫ̹ȻɽÿζǡõƽӺȭӰһ֮Ȼһ
ССѾ㾳磬ܲˣڤȻܴ𣬵ҲãΪٶռƣڤռ
Ψһ㣬ϢƳԱڤʵҪһ㡣
ŵļСһͻȻˮȿģĵĺһˮȥڤҲͣ


1374 ĵǿǰݳ
ˮһѱȻСһﶼ˹
һſȥû߶Զ˾ͳˣôʱҵˮÿ¶һε¶Զš
ҵҲбǮˣοĺöǲýǮģǮС
ʵһУˮ治ϵǰΪˮָ˷ˮǿԴﵽǰ붼ĵز
һһϲ
ˮĵ˵СͺܰСٺͱŮ
һɻǸԸ񣬲Ϥ˶ܸܵʵܺǿġ
ŶʲôƫģҲҪ
ǺǵЦ˵
ãҲУҲҪϲ̫á
ˮЦ˵óСһ١
һ٣ޱȣҲǺܿģСһûʲôϲˣһЦ
ǰϲɣˮֻ޵ļף͵ˣɷ·һеĿԵĴеĿԵ¼š¶
ˡ
ĵĽӹˮһ¡
һСһ󴥶񾭳Ǻر֪꣬ŮʵԼֻûбѡ
ˮСԴȻóɱݸɣһرɣʱĸסҲѧ
óһͬĵݸգҲǺܿģһˮСѾͷҲǺģʱںԼ׽ˡ
ɲԲҪ
˵ҡҡͷµСΡ
ϰҲܴ˵ģҪҪѧ
ˮЦ˵һСѾͷ͸оЦ
ûдСѾͷѧֻҪǲϲǲƵģûȤĶѧã֪һֱǶʲôȤѧʲô֣ɺܸȤˮɴֱѧɡ
ҺԾŹ̫ȭȤֳ͵ܵܣԺûԼҲû۸ԾϲˮҲ˳
Ȼһ棬ǲ޳ɽߺҲѧʵģÿĸڹԼĺӣԼĺӲ˭ߣֻǹߺӵķʽͬеĺӹߺˣеĺȴǹ߻ˡ
׺ºͻŮõһźҹ˹衢Ԭһ٣зɱķַɱķɱɡ
񳯷Ҳǣžϲͷ㣬׺º͵ƺȤһ˵֪Ϊĳɹʲٷ֮һ
ˮҲͲҪˣǺˣܹһϲ

ӵĵɵƿƺѾͨĵطϰƺѾ˷һ˶ˡ
ɷ·ģһղܣɵˮоɶԿɱˡ
ȻҲܣǰǵҪ㹻ǿһǿǿԺװģնĿֻʶ
ǽ޿ײزҪĿֱܵӴĿԴС
΢ԶһĵطϰģҲԶһطҶǺԾͣĿﵯࡣ
Կٶڽţ·뵽һľ磬ĵǿȻҲôĿ£츳
֮ǰˮûɱʲôͻı֣ϾѾǸǿѱʦϴȪˮһθԺʵҲͻͽˡ
ƽƵйԪõ˻Ǻ٣Ȫˮ֮ǵʡ츳˾޴ı仯ټƽƵҲһֿԴﵽʦ𣬵Ȼ󲿷˻Ƕʱ޷ﵽʳԪ
ˮҲ٣ԺֲٵҩҩʱҲûпܡ
һСΪҪʱŬҲĴǿ嶼ԼĴֻܱ֤ĳʢ˥ֻҪдУֻҪ֮ʱ׳ҸȼǴ֮мǿ
ûдУûУ˫͵ĺȻ츳ʱ֮ǰӸһ㣬ûһЩԴ֮
ˮѾﵽ飬ѾԽ˴Բ磬ˮڸоǲܳΪŷеġ
ݹΣΡΡ
֪Щսл᲻ִأ
ס֮ˮ뿪ˣѾȫϵԺԼһᾪȵģÿ¶ֻܻڼס˼죬Ժÿڼס죬ʮе㳤ˣҪ
صݵʱҹ˹Ѿ׼ˣסһ죬Ȼٽһ£źҹ˹衢ԬŮ뿪ǰݳǡ
һʹþУˮû֣ԬպĿˮˮеεЦ֮ҲЦˣȴǺܿġ
׿ǣ
ˮǼǵûҪħģħҲûʲôҪ׼ġ
ҪڼϢһ졣ħ˵
ϸ磬ˣҲûˣɣ㵽ݳǡˮЦ˵
ҲãħҲûǿ󣬺׼ҵ˸һ·ˡ
֮ˮг󣬽ϵĵطǺܴģŮں˵ʲôˮħǰ档
ϵȥݳʲôءħʵ˵Ľ⻹ǿʵġ
ȵݳǿãȻٿģϸ磬أˮЦ˵
ңҪȥʦţʦ̤龳֮ȥ԰ٽһ
ħ˵ʱ˵˶Ŀ
ϸ磬ĸȻٽһΣޱȡ
ˮ˵ʵ֮ÿһضҪһ١
٣ÿһζ
ҹɲôˣʮˣΪûϣˣû뵽ϵܣȻҺˣǷҵģȻҪȫҪħüͷ
ҹɼΣˮ˵
ݳһǿļ壬׼һҪǿ󣬵ҹɼ׼ҵĻҪصĴֵۣöҲ̫ս
ϸҪݳʲôءˮħ˵
սҪѵҵĻħᶨ˵
ʮˣΪʲôٶһЩʱأˮħ˵
龳̫ˣÿһҪðżΣգƺ֮ÿζǾһûлᡣħ̾˵
ʦǲǿ԰ءˮʵ
һ۷壬û˿ӹ١ħҡҡͷ˵
仰ˮ͸ˣΪڲ֪ԼʲôʵӦ۷˰ɣԼûоʲô١
Լǰ죬ѵҪ٣ԼʵһԪ֮ΪʲôԼûо٣


1375 ִݳǣׯ԰ūɽ
ˮ֪ΪʲôѵΪԼϹǿԭ
龳ÿǰһؾҪһ٣ٲǸѵģһֶʵĴֻͨٲܽһؾ
پǶʵһʵһͻƺȹֻ̣ͨٲͻƺܱʵ
ҲԼ㹻ǿþ٣½ûвٵˣУ֮ǰЩǲþ١
ϸңʹʦŻȥңʱں˵
ˮ˵
ˮڰһ£ȪˮǺЧģ뵽иǿʦţԲöԷʲôһЩҪ鷳֪ԼʵݳǸǿܵһʲôλ
ԾħʦųٰʱֻҪʱٹһʱ䣬ԼʵҲܸһ㣬ҲǸʱԼݳվȽš
ݳǾħԶ˰ɣħڷݡݡݵĽ㴦κһݡ
ʵҲǵڲ֪ݽ㴦ĵطҲǺܴܴ󣬶ЩطҲźǿʵڣźܶɵĴڡ
ڵԼϻ֮Ͱ񳯷Ӧܰﵽ˰ɣϴĶ֪ûаһȥݳӦĻ˺ܶɡ
ɽŮһŮˣˮ֪ϾԼĵһˣ۳ʲôҪҪ
ħˮ治֪Ǻˡˣжһ˻ҲףΪ˶Ǻˣһ˵ǻˡ
ˮоǻˣΪһЩע飬Щν֮ˣܶ඼Ƥˣ˸
ǻˮҪһʵϵĴ½ںûֻǿֻҪʵǿǺˣӬ޷ĵǰһЩƤ۸Ҳǿκ˶۸ϲ۸һЩǻҪˡ
⵱ȻǸϣνûͷչҪ
ҵȻϵܣãҴʦųϵܡ
ħˮҽڸˮˡ
֮ǰ˵ҲȷħǺҹɼйڣƺСĹڣĳǲֵģһΣħ׼Ҷˡ
踺ô꣬û뵽ͻ飬һεһħ־߰ҲʮģǶ۷ʱ顣
ֻҪܴﵽ龳磬һаգһ۷Ҳڲ֮أҲݳǵĿģôȥˣҲ֪ҹɼҵǸˣħһʹ

һµʱ䣬žҲôʱ䣬мˮһңֻͣһϣͻȥˡ
ҹ˹ڣػǺ׵ģһ·ϻϢʱ䶼Ƕڸ·ʱ
ݳǣ
̫ˣǰ׳ɽޱߵĳǳҰһֺ𣬺ж־ķվڿпһ˵
ϸȥʦŰɣҸطסȻ￪á
ˮ˵
ǵˣ׼ȻݳǣݳҲ׼Ҳٵطģһׯ԰ǺʺϿõģҴȥ
ħЦ˵
ŶǾͲˡ
ˮЦ˵
ҪҿҲܣħûʲôѣõѣҵͽģҲ˵ʲô
ħ仰Ҳ˵ˮôѡ
ˮ⣬飬һԹˣҲֵá
ǵڳǣ
ݳ̫ˣǺڳǣǻڳǣʵǷ˺ܶǣݳǣݳǣ񿤳ǺͶһ
Ǿǵݳǣ׼ҵһЩҵҲֻǱѹĻûʲôˣҲһЩׯ԰УЩ׼ļĴڡ
ݳǵķǳŽȻͬźܶĹӸߴׯ԰ЩһЩϼҺܼܶ࣬С
ħˮǽׯ԰ֹӵĽҲһĸ̾޼ֵĽҪ˺ܶ࣬ʲôĻǻһ㡢ݻһãǺܾǰģǿµӡǣݻģֱӽھܽġ
⴦ׯ԰ܴʮߴ¥һׯ԰ҲǺֵǮģλҲ
ϵܣ͸ˣһҪʦš
ħҲȥˡ
ãµļǵңס֮ǰ˵ĻʦųңʱҹϮܰһЩ
ˮһ䡣
ţһġ
ħ϶˵Ȼˮô˵֪ˮһĵ̣͸ɲĸо
ħҹ˹衢Ԭյһ뿪ˡ
⴦ׯԺֻмɨỤ̊һܼңܼǸʮˣڿˮĿⲢѺãǰ׼άһЩάķþ͹ңһ˻ҪͶ󣬵ˣĻͺǰˣסʣǰ˱˾Ͳңˡ
ˮˣȻεĺܺãǿһЩ뷨Ц˵ʲô֡
ҫ䡣
ƺû֮ǰħ˵ׯ԰ˮĻҲôϰˣоׯ԰Լˣ׼ҵ˵㣬֪׼ҵǲģϾܾǰ׼ɫ˶ܣģ߻ħ׼סþͻơ
ׯ԰ˣֻͶ·ŻôرǴ壬ֻҪǰһͲׯ԰Ҳ
֪ǲ׼ҵӵܣ֪Ӧòס̫ãһѱסļһɫ
ȴûбֵ̫ԣˮѾ֪һṵ̄ĵʹѾ֪Լվʲôλã֪Լʱ
ˣ
ˮЦ˵
ʮˡ
ʮˣҲˡ
ˮЦ˵
ǰû˱ҶϤû˱Ҷи顣
ҫееԺ˵
ֻһܼң뿪ֻһ仰ѡ
ˮЦ˵ֱӺŮһź¥ȥ
ҫ俴˹ɫŮˣһƬаĶŮΣʱˮͻȻͷȻһҫѪķ˳ȥ
ɣԺֻҪ̤һԸ
ˮŭԼŮۣܼûôھ͸
ҫݺݵĿˮһ۾Ǳ뿪ˡ
ˮɽ𻢣ûв´ĻҫԺһЩйϵȻһǲôĵӵġ
ˮҪ˭ۣ㲻ҹɼңһҲҹɼܴĹϵԼÿŻҪһЩʱʱǸߵһ㣬ǣһЩˣʱÿҲ˳Ȼ


1376 ˮ۷ޣŹ
ҫˣˮҲûʲôоŮׯԺ߿ﱾûмˣҫҲʮˣÿ˸һ¥ĴɨΪûסһ㲻һɨһΣҲ֪ļ˻׼ҵĴ㣬ʮ¥ʮÿɨһǸɨġ
ҲΪˮǰסһЩˣŮ뿪ˣֱӴְˣˮҲǿˮ֪һҫĹϵ
ʣˮʱҲ˵ҪˮҲԣŮ̶Ըˣʲôá
¥滹Ǻģҳ٣ľʵذĿճˣҫŮסĵطʮ¥УҫûסͲ֪ˡ
ԺеʩҲСֵĵطУɽˮءľУû˵ֱں¥ѡס
ˮʲô
ҹ˹迴ˮؽĴ齸ǰڷ䣬ҾһеҲУҶոµģΨŮֻ
ˮɾбõĶܶ࣬ɾĿռ㹻ԼĶбãһǲ٣齡ʲôҲ⡣
֮ǰŮѡķŽģ·׼õġ
ȥϵĴ¥£ԺҪãȥ￴ʲôҪ׼ġ
ˮ룬ʹڲţҲҪиŵĹ滮ʱһžͿֱӿ
¥ʱʱΪ˳Ϊ̻ʲôģĹҹ˿ǵõĹ컹ҪһΣˮһѻҪߵ١
¥Ҳߣﵽʮ㣬ÿһθ߶ȶʮң¥ﵽ˰ףһڷĳǳУĸ߶ȲˣȻиߣǧ׵Ľһɽ֮УֽӴҲһ
ӵײ㿪ʼ߱߿ħԼׯ԰رʺϵģϲöһʩȫġ
ȻһЩӡ̨֮ˮɾвֱóͿˡ
иȺ¥ݣһֱֱµĵط棬ǰĻֻ¥ݻǴֱӷɽÿһĴ
һܵ˵֯
ˮֱӰסһ㣬ҲŮ˷䣬֮ǰʰõĵطʱסȻÿһλԸסĸסĸ
һʱжȹһʱ䶼ﵹڣˮСʯͶݳǵĴһûз
ôʱ·Ϣȥݳǡ
ˮŮ˵
ţȥϢˣҲϢɣ
ԬЦ˵һǰ뿪ˡ
ȵңˮҲ˯ɣ
ҹ˹ˮкҲ͸Ԭ˳ȥ
һ·ˮҲûٺҹ˹軶ãÿζǰҹˮʥʯָȥԶطȻٻмҲԬշΣϾҹ˳ȥʲô顭
ˮŮȥֱӽɾȻɾԡͰзȪˮʼ衣
ˮͻƵѾǵˣҲΪɾʱҪ泤Ķ࣬ÿһʱͻһΣЧرĺá
ˮĸι̣ҲǿޱȣǾ͸˵ˣȻĿռ䣬ˮÿһʱһΣмҲߵ˳ԣֻûЧ
ˮѾͻǰͳˣֻܰϣϧڵҩݻ
ƻҪһЩʱ䣬ɶѾݣοҩ޺֮á
ЩˮҲûޣȻһֱûʲôǿĵҩӵٶȻǺܿܿ죬Ѫ֮޴бĴлҪǿ
ִ˲٣ˮǸܵʵʹС˺ܶܶࡣ
ʵﵽ˰ʮ
ˮæ¿ڴ֮ǲб仯
֮սõӰʮʵ
ʮˮܿˣֻҪС
çײ˱޲𹥻ʮĿꡣ
û䣬˺ܶ࣬Ѿˣսˮûжô
̤Բ磬ʮʵĹһļΧĿ֫ľ޷ж
ٴˡ
˲ǧ֮˲Ծ
ս˲һɵԷǿɱĿɵٶȣһʱ
շħʩչǧ֮ڵĶĿ꽵һɵʵĿ겻Գʮʱһʱ
սûб仯Ҳûгˮϡ
ͻ˲䷢ʮ屶ĹĿ꣡
ԭʮ仯ڵʮ屶ˮѾԼоܳΪսս̫Եˡ
棺µĺ󹥻джƼ׵Ĺͬʱеٶȡ
ۼףսķ͹ıǿ͹ĸ
һˮĵЦˡ
ۼսҲһرҪıǾʵ壬ô󷢶ͻѾﵽʮʵ
޺಻һû٣ֻҪʵﵽͻƵǰƿֱӽ龳磬Ϊɼޡ
޻ʮʮʵֻҪʵֱӳΪɵĴڡ
࣬ⷽ滹ǺҸģֻܵʶԭﵽɼѣҲһƽɣ޵ǱȽϵͣԲᾭ١
֮ǰˮѾﵽͲȥһֱͻư죬ͻʱԲ̫ȣһֱڶûգıʵʮˮϾ
ʵˮʲôҲһЩȫʵ˵ӵĻ治ࡣ
ʤޣҲ֪ʲôʱʼķѾǱʵӵɣⲻ֪Ǻ»ǻ£
սҲԺˮҲѷɫ٣ɣˮһ뵽߲ʵҡҡͷַʽõġ
ޡͷʵҲѸٵĽչȻһ㣬Ҳ٣ͽ࣬ͷ΢һ㣬ҲǱһǹǿ˺ܶ౶ڸԼԼҪͻƵĸо
ֻʵģǿˮ˵޺Ͽһɱ
ڲߣˮֻ޾ͿԶԸˣһǿԶԸ۷ߣˮܿģ뵽š
žݳǣһΪǿɣһйϵɣӵǿѱ֮ݽ㴦ܽ޴ǿֻܶ࣬Ҫѱ֮ԼѱޣŵʵݳǺǿһԶʮöߣãѱޱ˻ҪǿһؾǿģŵĿ¡
ˮ֪ǶֵѾﵽʲôˣӵ֮ģѱǿܶޣܵϵʵ֪ûдﵽ飬Լҹ˹Ѿﵽˡ


1377 ҹɼҵˣҪҹǬ
ڶˮ߳ŮѾˣڳҹ˹ĻǻΣҪľǻκ;Ź
Ԭ轣ֻˮ֪ʲôǸоܺÿرϺ;衣
һˮͿʼ̫ȭ˴̫ȭʲôҲ̫Ѿǿˣȴһֱûзµı仯
˳緹Ҫ׼ȥݳǵʱһȺ̤ׯ԰
أ
ֿӦһߴĴ󺺡
Ӧúܿͻˣ¹ܼң˺ŵġ
ҫ챻ˮˣڻûкã̧Žġ
̫ˣ׼ҵǸүҲûʸҹɼǰţħ׼ɫţΣǱүɷˡ
ˮҹ˹衢ԬյǺǿģô»ǿҲûж⣬ſȥ
չǰ¥ҲǰµЩˣʮˣļ̌ҫ䣬Ϊ׵һߴһĺӣ˵ģ֮ǰ䡣
ǡ
ҫ俴ˮŮ
ģ׼ҵλӣ
һˣڵƤȴǹͿĨһ

ˮһ㶣֪ҫ䣬Ӧڼɣ
ҹүˣô⳥˵ɣʹģ
˿ˮٿˮߵһŮˣֱ
˿˵ӾټǱܣÿ˿Ů˶һţһ޿͵ĸо
˵ô⳥ɣ
ˮЦˣ˫ʵϷˣԷֻǵ˭Ϸˣ˭ˮ֪
Ҫү֪һɱģɣ⴦ׯԺˡ
˲ɫ˵ƽƺ˸оѾˮռˡ
ˮʼչŵ΢Цҹүô˵
ҹүߵˣ˵еõġ
˵仰ʱԺݳǺܶݵ˼ҲǺԺ
ƾ˹˹ǿߵĹҲǺеλġ
Ŷô˵ռˣլӸǲǾˡ
ˮ˵
ߵС椺Ưүϲ
һת
ݳҹүĺɫļŮӶǧټƵĸ㵽֣ƾɫ츳ټ˵ϺܶŮ˶ǵֻΪһ֮Ե
ˮ۾𣬿һˣŲֱǰһ磬һӴѹѹ˹ȥ
ء
ҫڵֱӱˮε˳ȥһѪҫңûãһֱһϢܻܲǸ⡣
ˮ˹ȥЩֱӱˮׯ԰ˤĴϣޱȣһݳĵش֮һ
ҹɼҵܼϣһӾͺܶϳҹɼҵĹܼңֻǾȵǣһ˭Ҵҹɼҵˡ
һפҺܿ˾ͽˮ߳ҲǺ⣬ȻѾΧôˣȻǾֵøһˡ
СӣҴңҹɼҵˣ͵ɣ
˴ʼյԽûʧоͷ϶һҹɼҹܼҵĹ⻷޵еġ
ҹɼһΪֻɫͷҹɼҵҲ̫ʧˣѵҹɼҶҵҲҹɼˡ
ˮЦ˹ȥ
͵ŰɣҪܻ죬ͷ㡣
Ŀˮ
ͷɣߵĿ㻹ܺү˵˵˾·ˡ
ˮ˵һиһɾס
ʵǿԼ⿪ҵʩΪǿҲԽ⿪Ȼֻ·һ
һŵҧվЩ˻Ѹ뿪߳һξг뿪ʧԶ
ﲻ׼ҵׯ԰𣿡
ǰ˭Ҷִҹɼҵˣѵ׼׼ҹɼҴս
ɣҴսһ㶼һıƴȫսģѵ׼ҵгɵţ
Ӧǰɣⳡƴħһǲܲμӵģ֪׼˼ˡ

һˮŮʱҲûȤˣϾһһкܶ˸ţȻˮ˦ǻǺ׵ģֻܵӰ죬ɴ಻ˡ
оǽ鴫ȥһݳǵһЩ֪ԼĴڣԼ飬Ӧúܿͻ֪Լʲôˡ
ֻǵݳǵĵڶ죬飬ˮ£µԸ顣
ҹɼǶӣҴʲôԶǲܶӣˮ֪ܿͻҹɼҵǰԼۡ
Ǿ͵ҹɼȥٿҵɣˮڿҵǰҼǿļԼҹɼҵӦûһЩ֪ԼǰʲôҲԼҲ˵
ʱƺеˮϣǳƽĶȹ죬ˮΪԷֵʱ򣬶Էȴˡ
һߣֻ˵΢֮ˣģϣһԽУϢˮܶ࣬Ҵܶ϶Уֻˮʢ֮һ
ɺá
һˮֱ˵ɼ֪ˮݵ˲٣ˮֵ֣ĻҲ˻뵽ȥˮˮѾˮ棬Ȼкܶȥ
˼ôƺ
ˮЦŴкȻʾһͤȥ
ҽҹǬ֪ҵɣ
˱߱Ц˵
ΪǼ֮𡣡
ˮʶƽ˵
ȻǣΪǼҹɼҵΪĻҲͲᵽˡ
ҹǬǺЦ
Ϊʲô
ˮʵѾµˣȻ֪Լ˭̬Ҳˣ϶ΪԼҽ
ҹɼ֪Σ
ҹǬˮЦݺš
ˮЦſҹǬ֪ô
ҹɼұ֤ݳǵ˳ṩĻҪеջҹɼҹ
ҹǬ˵
ˮЦˣҹɼһ̰ģԼеջ񣬰ջ˼ʹϵЩҹɼҲҪҹɼṩҲǰܲȰ˵
ˮ΢ЦſҹǬȻ˼֪˭Ӧ֪ǲͱ˺ġ
֪¶и𣿡
ҹǬһԶˮӡ
ûأ
ˮ˵
һеģǺģݳǺҹ˿һҲҹ˿ܱȵģµطҪµطĹأȻʱԴġ
ҹǬ΢Цĺš
˵ɣʵе㲻
ݳһңû㹻ʵҪһЩʵģȻģܶǲģŸֶδ㡣
ҲҹɼҺ֪ҹɼһ᲻أ


1378 ؾĻ֣ȶҹ޼
ˮ˵仰˵ƽ֪ݳǵȦΣܴﵽһʲôΣˮڻǲôġ
˳ڻ˴ʲô⡣
˵ҹɼҺĻһ㣬ΪҹɼҶ˺ܴӡ
ҹǬֺǺǵЦ
ˮ֪𰸣֮ǰоΪʲôҹɼûԼۣڷԼ֪ˣֻҪں֮ǰʲôȻҲͻˣΪ˵ҹɼҿǿȻ˸оҹɼҲûж
ˮ֪Լҹɼҵһͻ᲻Լ㣬ҹɼǴ壬˵ǲһСƽϵģҪСһᱻֱˡ
ˮ㲻СֻҪǴһעͻ֪ˮҹ˿飬ˮһСˣʵҽҲҹɼԭ
ҹ˼ҾǱ˺һŮˣҹɼȻǿ󣬵ҲԸǷǣ´˳ȥˮݣҹɼҲԼͷ
ҼȻ˵ʵòκ˺
ˮ仰ǳ׵ı̬ȣѡȨҹɼҡ
ϣڿǿǣ˾͵ҹɼһˡ
ҹǬվûʲôȣƺˮĻش֪һ㡣
ҹǬ˵վȥ
ˮûжҲû˵Ѿ̬Ͳı䣬оûбҪ˵ʲôв۵ǰǲġ
ȻûеλǾȴλֻǲ֪ҹɼǿʲôʵûϵߣ
һص۷ʵʵ۷ʵİʵ۷ʵ߰ʵ۷ʵһǧһʵ
ÿһؾ۷ʵǰһ۷徳ϱس԰ʵؾ۷ʵ۷ʵһǧһصҲһǧʵ
ˮͨˮ۷ԼµʵɱοɵҲƵѪˡ
ǺܵģһֱҹǬ뿪ŮûһҲˮߡ
ˮô죬ҹɼҪԸǡ
ҹ˹ˮһ˵
޷ҵҪҹɼʲôֶΡ
ˮЦ˵ǶôĵģǴŮҲԽ硣
ŮˮˣҲͲ̫ˣ֪ѾˮǵĹǡ

죬ʱûκ鷢ˮоһ鷢һֱܽ͵ĸоҺǿҡ
͵ʱҹǬٴγ֣һһˣʮˣˣҲģˡ
һֻҲ֪ʲôʱׯ԰ΧƺѾ˺ܶˣ֪ᷢʲôһ
ˮܲ³ҹɼˡ
ҹǬվڿУˮȥҹ˹ҲҪģˮ棬ʱҪ֪ҹɼҲԼҹ˹費ֵĻǲҹ˹ġ
ˮȥҹǬ಻׾ͣߣ벻ʲôɵ˵
֪ǵˣֻҪҹɼҺԿ
ҹǬ΢Ц˵
ߵܼ򵥣ʱ˸оеȱһһԲϰεƺά𣬵ǰƺо仰ֵʵԱ
һ尴˵ǿĶģֻǲ֪Ϊʲôڴ½ҫ裬Ϊ˼壬˵ʲô
ˮڶо̸ϺҲ̸ϻǴ½ĻͷףؾҪһʧʧǲɹƵġ
˵Ҳκ˺Ҳúκ˺˸㣬˱ˣҸһ䣬ҪͼʲôҪЮвңܳܵġ
ˮобҪǰкΪǼȻ֪ԼĴҲ֪ѻǡ
ȻˣҹɼҾָɱҹɼҵˣҸɡ
ҹǬƽ˵ûΪˮĻʲô޴
ûнׯ԰ˣȨһУɱ
ˮЦſҹǬ
׼Ҹʲôô˫㡣
ҹǬԥһ˵
׼ûиκκôҲñ˸ҺôҪĶúܶ෽õ
ˮƽ˵ҲҹǬ̬ҪʲôԼԵõˡ
ȻˣǾ˵ɣʤʤˣ͸ҹɼһĽʤˣ֮ǰһʹҹɼһᱣ֤ݳǵİ޳ı֤㿴Σ
ˮҹǬĻ֪ǸϺ꣬ǽɹ˿أԷʤˣǰԼɱλ˵㣬ˣҲܵǣ޳ˮҲǺˮǣһϵҲԳҹɼҵĴȡ
̫ˣһɣȫҲԡ
ˮЦ˵
ˮ֪ûãԼһˣԬտԺˣֱһս
Σ
ҹǬɺ˵
ˮЦҹ˼ҵǴսˮҹ˹趼ߣֻҹ˹ɵļֻ׻һؾ硣
Ȼʱûйãˮҹ˹Լİ׻ʵ˷츲صı仯
ãҴӦ㣬ٴӦһ¡
ˮЦ
˵
һˡ
ԴӦ㣬ҿԴӦ㾡ңܲҵҲƱ
ҹǬüͷ΢΢š˵
Ǻãǿʼɣ֪˭ս
ɣ
ģеһ˳˵
ǸӢˣȻ˵ģ²ûʲôۼһ˿ɣһЩ΢ơ
۾ǳֿȴгһ˫Ů˺˵۾ͻȻˮ뵽˴ħˡ

ҹ޼
ˮ˵
ħ˵İɣȻ˺ҺϲĶȻҪˣûҡ
˵ţ˵ȴǲ˸о̶о
ô˵ֻҪϲͿ𣿡
½ˣԭֻǻƶѣŮ뿪ˣһߵһ֮ʵʲôҰûзʵҲһεң㣬еҰֱѪܵЩεεʵѪܵ٣ֻɱ˲Ѫѡ
˵Ĳ죬ˮһ㶣˵ʵҲеһŮ뿪ˣͶһ˵Ļ˵ŮУ˱ǰһ㣬ʵʵľ󲿷ֻ˶ǮƯŮˡ
ðɣǿʼɣ֮飬ԺҲԼȥ
ˮС˵ȻʾԶˡ
ҪСˡ
ҹ޼һѵǳĳǳ
һǿϢɢߡ
ˮҲʵҹ޼ﵽһصľҲ̫֣ҹɼ̣Ϊҹɼҵţﵽ̶Ȳ֡


1379 ҹɼҵĲҰܣ衢Ұ
ҹ޼ʵû̫ˮϣ֮ǰҲܸоǴŵʵҲеףֻǶԷûиоԼʵѡ
ҹ˹ʵҲǺޣܸܵҹ˹ֻһؾʵֻޣһسʵ
ҹ޼Ѿǳһٵˣһ鵽֮ͻƵһҲģΪﵽ龳Уʵ׶εࡣ
ˮһֱг˾ɽ
ɽԴﵽʵһ۷ʵٶ»ǿĶܻǲŶɹһٵҹ޼Ҳô׿Խµġ
ְɣ㲻ֵĻҿҪˡ
ˮָǰϷľɽ
޹⣡
ҹǬüͷšȻеǳһӣΧ֮ڵձĻҰޱȣʱеǳȴҫޱȣ·ΧĹȫһ
һɺ嫵ǳɢͻȻҹ޼ˮʣһԾˮ
ֻбȥֱˮȥ
һ
ǳϴ۵Ĺһһȴɢ̫һεԪǳΣˮնȥ
սȻԽسʵ۷塣
ˮûκξţʵûܵΣա
ȥɣ
ˮھɽһģɽֱųԪȥٶȿ𻨡
ԣ
һ޴ľ죬ԪʧɽҲײúһξ롣
ˮӰ͵ĴӾɽ֣˫ֱһֱ޴Ľɫ
֮ӡ
ˮĴ֮ӡǴﵽ˳Խʵҹ޼ֻвʵڴ֮ӡ֮ɫޱ䣬ܸܵΣյϢҲˡ
ػ
ҹ޼еǳϷһȦɫνҹ޼С
ۣ
޴ıΧըһƬޡ
֮ӡװ淢һƵȻʧˣҹ޼ϵĹҲʧˡ
У
ҹ޼˫ŹӰһˣٶȱ֮ǰ
ˮٶͬҲܺȼģοûʵǿҹ޼Ծʹеҹ޼ٶ޷ȡ
Ź
󶯣
߳
ˮӰƶһޣһʽ߶ҹ޼ȥһֱӳҹ޼ϡ
һӳʮʵҹ޼ʵ£ͬʵһ»ǻܵһЩ˵ġ
β

ˮԴԴϵʹóûʹô֮ӡǽ󶯾ʹһ󶯶ԵС
һʼеɬԽԽҹ޼һʼӦӦѾˮıˡ
ҹ޼ûˮ½ǣٶȺʵ˺ܶ࣬ˮΪϰ󶯻Ϊħԭ򣬹ҹ޼˲Ұˣʹֱͨɱ
ž
һӣһֱӽҹ޼ĿѪɻȥ
ˣ
ˮƽ
ҹɼҵ˶Ƿҹ޼һ̳ҹɼҵϣȴǰûл֮֮ǰĴӡǣǿ
̫˼ˣôһ˾ȻԴҹ޼
˾
ǰҹɼһҹ޼ҹɼϷչһεģû뵽Ȼб˽ûл֮
ûбҪˣҹɼѾˡ
ǻһ˵ҹɼһʤأ
ʤʤҹɼʵѾˣҹ޼ΪʲôսֻҪҹ޼ʤʲô˵ҹ޼ˣǾҹɼҰˣ׵İˡ

ˣˣ
ҹǬ˵仰ʱһƣ͸С
ҹ޼ǴһֻεĴûͬеĵһˣҲûԼܶ˻Լǿ󣬻ǿôࡣ
һҪҪ򣿡
ˮЦ˵
ս֪˭ս
ҹǬȼ־˵
ң
ҹ˹̤նֱӳˮߡ
ֱг׻ֻػֱֻӽ
ˮ˵˿һξ롣
Сְɣ
ҹǬҹ˹˵
һɫҹ޼ʱһμҹ˹ŮȴûʲôˮĴ㹻־һκܳʱ䡣
ҹ˹Ҳûж˵Цֱӻһֻ׻Ȼһֻ
ȥɣ
ҹ˹еֻ׻ҹǬҹǬ۷ľ磬ֻ׻سʵҹǬȼĶ־ֻ˼ʱǲҰ˳
ûпɣŮ˾ȻҹǬˣŮ˴ҹ޼Ǹ򵥡
ֲţʵȺ֣һԡ
Ҿ˵ñˣҹ޼ˣºˣҹɼҵĶĸˣŮӦǿʵ֪ʲôʵ

ҹǬҲ˲ˣˣƺԼ˲û̫⣬òˮ˵֮ǰһʹҹɼȫ֧ݳǿãв֪Ұʲôˣ
ǻȥɣȥ˵ɣ
ˮ˵ҹ˹ׯ԰ȥ
ǻȥɣǲҪ˵ʲô
ҹǬɫص˵
뿪ˣҹǬ˵ȥ
ɣ
ˮʾҹǬλú֮ǰһһģһֻȫһ
ˮóһݸҹǬˣҪҵˡ
ҹǬˮݹĻֻһ⻭ҹǬһ𣺡ֲҾе죬Ҫ
ǵģ֪ܰҵϢ𣿡
ˮе˵
ҹɼûа취ﵽ
ҹǬ̾˵
ˮû˵Ҳûʶˣҹ˼ʱ˵һϢݳǲõˣͿҹǬ
˵һǿףҲ֪Ȼ޷ﵽһ԰ﵽ㣬ֻҪʵȥҶҰҰɣӦܸһĴ𰸣ʵòҪȥ
ҹǬ˵
ǾллˣˣɲԸ˵˵Ұҡ
ˮоҰݳǵĵλԺ⡣
ݳиǿʵȦӣҲܿܽȦӽС衯ҰȦеĵλӦòҹɼҽӴߵľǶҰˡ
ҹǬ˵
֪ҰǿĴʲôʵ𣿡
ˮʵ
֪صľ磬ӦҲаɣںͲ֪ˣؾԽʧܵļԽԶȹٵ˲ࡣ
صľʵˮ˵ʲôˮķﵽһµĵزˮµ龳絽˺ͨǿʵǿܶģҲĵĵط
ȶʱҪȥҰҿ֯ǿӦþҹ˼˵֯ɣڼ֯Ҫ֯ˡ
бҪĻħ
ˮݳ֮ķ˵ٵȵȣܿҾͻȥˣǸи׵ˣ㵽Ǹʲôˡ
ҹǬ뿪ˣҹɼһ᲻֪ҹ޼ҲˣųбˣͿҹǬҹɼҵӰ
翪ʼˮͿʼˣˮȥ͵ģܶ಻һЩ壬˭ҲˮǱкܶҲ֪ˮҹ˿õӰԶõġ


1380 ҹɼҵľÿҵ
ǰˣˮûйֵĽãҲûų⣬ȻҲǰȥǵϯϾ˺ܶ࣬ȥǲܵģֻҸˡ
Ȼˣˮÿ֮ջϣȻȻӦ˵׼

ҹɼҵǱǳ׶ˣǸСһҪ
ʱҹɼҴһ˷ŭ˵ɫѿѩͷһϸϵţ˶ͻ˫΢͹˵Ĺâ
ҹǬǰƺֻǺ󱲣Сĵ˵үӣСаŵĺܣȻҹɼûʧÿʱ䷢չ˵ء
Ǭ֪һСҹɼʲôʱôҹɼҵԺ߳ȥô̧ͷá衯ôҹɼң
˿ҹǬ
үӣСӾǳһΰɣöþͻбļϣԻᱻ˸㵽ԪˣʱҹɼҲͲᶪˡ
ҹǬӲͷƤȡ˵
Ǭ̫ʧˣܷӹҹɼҡ
̾˵
үӣҪңҹɼ˭ƹܲҪҪҹɼҵĴа
ҹǬ˵
ˣҪ˵ˣǬԪȥǸСӰɣû⣿
˴ҹǬĻһҲʲô˵
û⣬үӡ
е˷ܵ˵
ǺãҹɼҵʱܣΣֻҪ˭ҹɼҶ°ˣҹɼҾƹˣסʹκΰ취
˵ֱʧˡ
ҹǬҡҡͷ̾ԼԼŬΪʲôҹɼһѵ㲻𡭡
ҹǬתһ˳ȥӰӵįҹǬԪҹǬ߳ȥӰһ˿Цݡ
ϲֳ
ϲף

ҹǬԪ￪ޱȣôû뵽ϾȻԼ˼λӣֻҪãԼԶҹɼҵļˡ
֪ҹǬŧòҰܶ飬һҪһҪãү˵˲ʲô취
ȻҪεץס

ҹɼҵѾˮƵ˷˼ڣڻϺܶ˶֪ڣˮֱһ
ÿҵ
ÿҵеͻȻʲôҲҪʲôˮ׼ˣڲҲ׼ˣŮҲҺˡ
ֻҪǮЩǺ׵ģûκ׵Ŀˣ˿ѿҩ͡
׼ׯ԰λرãһϾһˣˮطʱҲܿģΪ⸽ȻһЩҩߵ͵βȣˮҲʡºܶ顣
õƶȶдĺһ죬ˮԬհ˿ˮﶼˣԬŮˣиԵĵ䣬ҹ˹עⰲȫҲһЩׯ԰
ã˭￪ҵģ
һȲгһȺƼĽƿˮǰ
ˮȻΪҹɼҵܳˣ֪ıϾˣһһЩ壬˵֪ˮҲôһЩˡ
Կҵ鷳Ǻġ
ˮ΢΢̧ͷԼǰʮ꣬Ϊ׵Ǹӣһ㶼ǸһֺõĸоȴڲͬǸÿӣ˵Ϻ񣬵ȴеͱӡ
ӣӽַʲô裬ΪʲôÿζǺҽʦβĹȥ
ΪĲǱҽʦλ£ǰҫ۵ţʱɲ֣㿴ڡ
˵ٴ̾˿
֪ʲô𣿡
֪֪˶ˡ
ѯʵǸ˴˸ҲͲ˵ˡ

ҿҵ˭׼벻ҪҰ˿
ǰҽ컹ѵġ
ѵģҽǸҽѵģӹҽɱ˲Ѫӹҽ
Ӵĺƺ쳣ķŭ
㱻ҽʦλ˲ͶҽʦƫǸβҽʦȷʵ㣬һɱġ
ˮһЦ
һ㶣˭ô֪
ˮһЦʵܶ˶ֻ֪ǲ˵ѣ֪ԸⲻԸصǰ㡣
ˮĻᣬһ֪ΪʲôһţΪӹҽټϺ˺ܶҽʦΪľͲҽʦˣҲˣпԸȴûиı
ֱӾܾģˮоֵţôҽʦҲںһοǵһѰ˿Ϊдĺֻѿ
ȻˣǺˣȻҽİ֣Ϊÿ˶Ը⿴ҽĻ£˵ʥ֣ӦΪѪ
ӹʹĵͷ
Ǿʹ뿪ҪԼġ
ˮ˵ٿһۡ
ӵͷ뿪һиղűײǸʵǰЩֻǱһ£Ǳˡ
ӵΪˮǺͬģ֮ǰˮǿе̫ණһ£ΪֱԷǸˣ֮ǰЩҲˡ
ݳƺҲǸǿļ壬ʵΪҵˣˮΪǸͷġ
ûжβ˾ˣûжˣʱһЩȥݷˮǰףأ˺
ˮҪʹҹ˿Ǹƶȣﲻ죬ʱֻдһЩҽεúܶ˸оܲ
ˮ˵ǺӵֻһЩǲʲôΪʵ˲ҽΣ̫õ˲ҽΣŰ߲ҽΣ˳۵˲ҽΣû˲ҽΡ
ʲôп˳۵˲ҽΣʲôвû˲ҽΣҽֱһ俴㲻˳ۣ㲻ûͿˣԺܶ˶֡
ʲô⣬ΪԼҽˣߣ
ҲߣԼˣǿ㣬֪ԼøʲôˣԼɸˡ
ϣҽܶԵסĹ򡣡

ܶ˶ĸģˮֶԸ˻һЩŰ˴ѹúܶ˲Ϊ֪ǺǮҼҲȱŰˣ˾ԼŰоûʲôԸ˵
ˮǺִܵԺܶ˶ûн뿪ˣԺֵĿҵȴԵе壬ٺһЩĲҵŵĳ˺ܶࡣ
ˡǲᶪӵģ˼дôţⲻǼ˾ųϵˡ
ˮںûһ㲻ģģǰص˶õһöӣõСӣӿ޳ΪҽһΡ
Ҳڻ֪СӵļֵûþЩ˳˻೦ӣСӵǴﵽһ޼֮û˻óġ
ʱӳˣһģһֱûߣڲԶţˮʵ֪ˡ
ڲæ˰ɣ
е㼤˵
ɣȥɣ
ֱӽùţ˽ȥ
߱룬ˣٺõĶ£ǰӾ
ѣ
ˮһΪ֪Լˮ˵ҽΡ


1381 ɣԽս
ܵˮ˵Ǽ֣о˵ǼֵĿԺܴ󣬿ϣһĴ𰸡
ˣһˣû˵ĹܣܻŶһּǿûϣָˣˮ
ΣΪҿԽ
ˮЦ˵ûɾ尾ֱ˵˴𰸡
½ϵҽʦڽϼܣֻܼ򵥵޸һΪ˵Ŀܴܺ󣬵ֲǰǰ˵ĳһҽѧϵľ֢ô˵ƵĻһƭˡ
½һʿ̫ˣûо֢֮˵ֻʵﲻˮƽﲻ˵ûвεġˮ˵ܽиǾϲˮǲǻԡ
Ϊ֪ԼûֵúƭģԼָܻʵָǰĵλͻᷢ仯ǸʱԼֵñͼıȻˣϿ˻е׼ģǰҽʦûжԼʲô˼ֻǲ֪ΪʲôԼ
Ŀ𣿡
𰸻˷ܵ
ҿΪƣҽͻá
ˮЦó롣
ˮ벻ʲôʱʹõģֻ²ʹãܾˣɱҲرİԵ
ɲû˵ʲôֻǿ˷ܵĵˮơ
ɵΪķ˴룬ˣⱲˣʵﵽʲôĳ̶ȣһˣʧȥܾλҲῪģһͨҸ
еֻҪʵﵽĳһ׶ΣôͻתһЩ֯߼˵ַʽشµЧǺܲģµƽʱҲǿ಻ԣ͵Զܣֻͻƺָ˹֮ſܼ죬ȻֻųΪһܵ˼ظ
ȻΪķˣڣֻҪȼ־ȻԻָԽϾһεľĴһǰˮκ
Ƶʱ䲻Ǻ֢ܳҩڱ˿֢ĴȴѸٵĻָţɲɵӣָܸܵҲΪǲ˶ҽʦԼˡ
ܼı仯зӦļҪΪ˶ֻʧõĶ
һϵʣرôһֱû֪Ĳλݾϲˮġ
ֻˣеҲۣΪѣľʧȥЧʵȻۿۣҪԱζҲ˿ѷɫ
ˮγʱɷԼѾһһûиܵΪ飬һ־޴ľϲȫʵƺҲ˺ֵܶҲһȦ
ˣЩ˻ʧȥá
ˮҡҡͷ˵һ䡣
ҽΪʲôҪң
ɼȿֺʵ
ûΪʲôˣ첻ˣûȥˡ
ˮЦ˵һ䡣
ҽģһŬȡһЩλҽҪܵɽ͹ɾüͷ
ɱ߱˵ϡ
ˮЦû˵ʲôЩʿɶֹǿ˵ģҪģɵ޳ɣֻһ仰û¶ĻһٵıʾʲôģοˮûܰԼʲôԼҲҪ˰æȻѰԼǺġ
ˣˮȴһ仰չ˺ս㣬ҳȥһ¡
˵ˮͳȥˡ
ҹˮվڰգĴһ˵Ȼ˾ͲҪˣɣ
ˮ˵ûжҲû˳û˵ʲôóһ꺮飬ֱԶһƬȥ

һԶȻ൫ҲҹյļžһӰеǱĳˮʵȻǺǿİԺǿһص۷ҲǱ
һΧ½ʮˣЩ˶Ǵſɵʿûκα־ˮеɱǿʢԷԼء
֣ɱ
һͳʮˮȥǵصˮҲرأ֪˭оݳҪԼӦֻҹɼңֻҹǬֳСˡ
ˮҲڶˣֱų˳ȥ
Ź
Ź
һֵһˮŹһǿƿظо
񳯷֮
ˮ
Ӱ
ˮӰٴ˲䵽һ˵ǰֱӳһ˵Դϡ
ۣ
ŻĵֵҲסֱٶȾοˮĻ޵Ļǻټ϶˱󣬴󲿷ֵ˶Ѿֻسʵвõֻһضľ硣
ɱ
󣡡
ˮܿ죬˲һԷӦϲ
ʮ˶ѸֱӽһһͼΣһȦĹֱ֡
Խ
ˮҲһ㶣һֻɢɫεĴڹ״СһһСɽһ
ʵȻ֮ࡣ
Щ󷨲ͬвͬǰֱЩ˳Ϊһ壬ƽһǧİ⻹Ǳ֮ġ
ˮнףԿûģο޺;ɽһʱ䵹Ҳţǰ󷨱빥ˡ
صǷǿǺܲ׵ģοҲģԷᷴ
飡
ˮֱӳǽɫԪϣûʲô仯
Ϲ꺬飡
޴ĽȻſѪڣ޴Ĺͷһ͵ǰһصˮȥ
ˮҲðգʶһɽֱӳ֣͵ǹУ˻ˮæ㿪ҲǺܵģ󷨵Ǻܴġ
Ź
ɽ
Ȼ£
ӡ
ȻӡǲǺǿûǺǿ󣬺ܰԵģǰӡҲͻˣǲģֻΪ
ͻȻˮ뵽Ѫ٣ѪٵĲԵȶʵѪٲסɫ޹겻֪веͨ
Ѫ٣
ھŹڣ٣ټϹٶУ˵󲿷ֶǲеģȻҲһЩóٶȵĹ࣬ꡢɹꡭ
ħǸϹӦҲóٶȵĴڡ
أ
޴Ѫɢıһ˲ŵĸо˳ԣһĴݡ
޴ĽɫԪ걻סֱѪһȦȦĲƽɫ޹һ޴һĵȻ㲻ܹĿ꣬ѪɭĸоͷƤ顣
űѪȫסĽɫ޹꣬ˮܿģΪʹʵҲһսʵͨеһϾֻʹһΣڣڽɫ޹ʵ֪һܴһʲôĲΡ
ԣ
ˮ뵽ҲͲԥʵһĹʽȥ
ˮоеĽСеıǽһӣˮӳȥֶһ֮һѤ߲ɫĳűѪٰĽɫ޹ȥһɿֲĽ
޿ɶĹ
ˮЦˣû뵽Ǳеһ
أ
һȻûնɫǣȴýɫϵĹΰ˲٣һ˿


1382 ȫնɱޣ֯Ӵ
һǱеģˮرĿģƺеҪǿһƺһֺһЩĴһΪ˵ǲܽǾ޴ɫ޹ġ
ѪٴӲֹͣŤĴţһŽɫԪˮûгѰþŹȼӳ֣Ӵġ
֪ǺĲ
ʱˮʹһЩսѹѪ٣ڣбҪļҲһˣҲ˺Ҳǿ
𽣣
ϬĹ¾˵޼᲻ݣ⹥ΪѪٵģһ𽣵һֱҪնϵǰѪ٣ɹ
ˮѪǱģն̸ףое㲻ܣоǿҰҪʱڽϡ
ԴѰ֮ˮоͲˣΪѰڵĽ𽣵ֻҪѪٵϣĿ겻ܶȻ׽ѰɣֻѰٶԺΪ߼ҩ޺ӿ¡
ˮ𽣣𽣵ٶױȣ𽣵ķҲױȣɱּ̧䣬ѰѰҩްɣżʹɱҲ
žȲֻѪٵļԣҲӽ𽣵ķ
ϧӾɽȻˬ
ˮоԼе̰ĲˣЦЦȻʹŽ𽣲ϵŽɫ޹նȥһһɫ޹ûκα仯
ˮû⣬ƿԪǲģڵʱ䣬ʱɹѪٶڲͣģ󷨵ѾսĵʮǸӿ£ԳŲ˶á
޴Ѫ٣ʺ׳һ㣬ֻ˿ֲѪرֲͣĳָоӾˮˬָоκһбѪٲסѡ
ʵЩ˴ʱżԪѸٵʧǾʧ룬ѪܲסǣѾ˾ˣԽֻάֲӵʱ䣬ǿ󣬿ʵ֪ǲܳ־á
һԽƣôǾͻˮѪ٣ѪҲǾʱѪٵϬס
ڻʲôҲûãɱˮģⲻ⡣
أ
һ죬ըˣʧȥ˰ԽıЩֱӱѪٲסѾЩһֱӱʧ
ҽ֮ðֻͨǿά֡
˵ɣΪʲôҪɱҡ
ˮЦ˵ֻʵЦڶԷпħһ
ǵ͹㣬˻ġ
һ˵ֱӷ˵ֿѪֱӽ˲䴩͸
ʣµҲûгŹʱ䶼һƬѪαѪˡ
ˣֳʲôҲû£ˮһѪû£Ҫȥʱҹ˹Ԭ
ҹɼҵˡ
ҹ˹˵
ˮҲµˣЦЦʲôˣֻҪԶʧ
ˮ㲻𣿡
ҹ˹΢Ц˵
ˮ΢΢ҡҡͷֻǱˮڣݳز죬ܶ˿Ҳ˳ۣҲǻܣʱٱһЩʱ䡣
ҹ˹ЦˣС˳ˣ֪ˡ
ˮһ㶣һǷͦһ£ҹرԬһˡ
ҹ˹Ҳˣҧ´ˮĿˮСӾͲܸӣûء
һǻȥ䡣
ˮٺЦš
ҹ˹ˣˮԬգȻȥˣҲϢɡ

ʮߣûǸ廹ƽˮ֪˭ԼֺףֻҪһ¾֪
ҹɼң
ÿţٴζ£ʮһΣöصĹػѸٵĴţΪٶֻۣгΪõĿ˲ſԹ
ÿ궼ҪýѣҲǮǱʯҩݡϡƷȣˮҲǺҪҩݡ
ֻòûеô˳ʱֻ壬ƺһεúܶԶãˮоǲЩõĹˣ֪
Ҳãˮںǽᷢģġ
һȴһߣ߻һӣѾ˲١
ɣ
˴أһϣ΢Цź߽á
ҽ
ɿˮĵĴк
ˮЦˣ˹֪λĻǣĻҪΪõĿˡ
ˣ
һ㶣Ϊˮƺʶһ
ֻܿЦſˡ
ȴһֱˮǿЦ֪ʲôܳΪõĿˣ
ˮֱӱһ󴮣ҩģҪϵġ
ЦЦóһռݸˮﹻ
ˮҲˣ
ͷ޸лҽκɶȻţ֪ͼ֪ġ
˿ˮЦЦ˵
ˮЦҡҡͷȻҾβʲô飬ҲйصģҪ˰ʲôβǰ֮ǰ˵ͲҪ𡣡
Ϊ˵𣿡
΢Ц˵
˵õ־ڷݡ
ˮ̾˵
仰㹻־ڷݣͻм˸˵ݷУԿȴֹĸо˺ڿЦʵǲųɷֶࡣ
Ͼ⻰е췽ҹ̷־ڷݣ˼ǷݵεͣСҪȥĵطչǾֻһط
ݣ
ҽѾ֪ˣҽֵҹɼң֪費ҪҰæ
޿ˮ˵ĺ
ʱã֪һЩϢ֪ܸܲң
ˮЦ˵
Ȼ֪ĶԸ㡣
֯ӴӦҲаɣ
ˮһֱǶ֯ܺ档
ԥһ£Ӵݳ֮һʵУҲǡ
֮һݳǵ֮һ˿ڣʵھڶ࣬еһ˿Եֵϰˣǧˡ
Уһʵƿػ
ˮоӦܸ׼ȷĴ𰸣ȻҪԺȥҰҡ
һɣУǿļпԵһ£绤ϣƿʵļҲҪкϾƿصķļ岢һԿ֯
ˮҲˣЦ˵ҰҺΣ
һ㣬Ƿеĳݡ
˵
ˮ۾һǾͺˣһˣƼȥҶҰңںˣ°ɣ
ˮЦóĻϡ
ɫͻȻùŹ֮ȻˮþãӦúϵаɣ


1383 ۣݣħĸа֮һ
ˮҲûзϣҲûж˵ǵͷ
֪Ҳֻ֪࣬ܶ˶ۣһǿĴڣھҾͲˡ
޿ˮЦ
ۣˮһ㶣ֻĳƺݣݱΣɷ裬˵Ӧòɣ
л֪Щ
ˮϵĵлһ
ݺͷݵĹϵãԡ
֪İ֪ô
ˮҲ˿֪䣬ҲһͻԵĽΪããĺأҪһ㣬һ㡣
иһ¡
ˮҵһ֪ˣ̲ס붼һ¡
ÿ˵ֻҪ֪ģ㡣
޵е˵
֪ħһЩ
ˮԥһ˵˳
ħ
ٴֵĿˮ֪ˮԲԵ޹ʵһЩģȻʳһйϵֻħʲôϵȻܣѵѣˣ
һʱҲòסע⡣
ˮƺ޵ĹǣЦֻ˵ֻҪ˵ʵˡ
޵ͷħĸа֮һЩӣħλ½֮Ľ㴦ÿݺܶطΧ
ûж˵ǿˮɫ˵һڵĴ𰸡
ħǵж𣿡
ˮʳе׳ա
ǵжԣΪ֯
˵
֪ħ޶а𣿡
ˮʳ仰֪Լ֪ʲô𰸡
ʵûа֣֮аҲܼ˾ɱɱҲҪɵģνаֻһԣҲħУЩֻαӣа磬ʵûʲôаֻ֣֮ǹϵжԺͳޡ
Цſˮ
ˮҲЦˣ߼ֻûʵ𣿡
а붼Уһƽ⣬ٺƽʱҲǿٸԣĳǳҲˣÿʵа֮ԴھǷϹɡ
ˮͷ˵ĻǺܶԼθڵġ

ҹɼҵĴʨһ㵫ɫķ·ҪγˮһҹǬԪľսڵϣʧʮλ߾ҹɼҲǶϵһֻ۰ʧܲŭ𣬶ҹǬԪǼˡ
ҹǬںܳĬҲǱˣԼ֮ǰѾһٵǡֹǣǶԽͰɱ˫ֻۣһҹɼҪһνѡ
һ֮ˮΣԪ˵ҹɼҹҲᱻʵ̵ʧʷУֱӱǸ
ȻҲʱŭޱȣҲԼˡ
СӲҵľͲƽҲͲͻƵǰıϡ
ޱȡ
ҹǬ˻ٴ̾˿Ȼ󣬵ȴôеĺܶ˶ˣǸˡ
Ǭ̾ʲô
еˣڸо󱲱ҹǬԪҪһЩؼҷչʱоҹǬӵʺϣֻ֮ǰƺ̫³çˡ
үӣҹɼڣͿƽѸٵķչҹɼҸһ¥ûκ⣬ϳ⣬ҹɼľˡ
ҹǬҲٹ˼ʲôֱ˵
仰е󵨣ܶﶼͬʱҲҹǬĵ󣬻оҹǬΪҹɼҿǡ
ûзŭĬˣѾ˺ܾˣʲôҲ࿴͸ˣվڸߴʹһ̬ȣֻҹɼѾﻢµĳ̶ȡ
Ǭ˵ô죿ԵưͿ
ڵƽ
үӣǶ˽ĳɾͲҹɼҿ׷ϵģҲıҹɼңöããүӣǲܺѣҪˡ
ҹǬ֣ص˵
ҹɼʱе鸡ˣˣǬҹɼһܰɣκ鶼˵㣬ǼҪҡ
˵ʧˡ
ҹǬûиˣڴܳʵѾҹɼҺʧˣİѾʧȥѵͷԡ
ҹɼҾͲƽ޹ʵʮλߣҲԽԽղҹǬԪζǱȽޣȻ֪ҹɼң֪˺١
ֻˮǳ𣬵ʱҹɼҵ鷳Ǵ⣬Դֱȥ

ڶˮǣҹǬΪõĿˣҹɼҲˮ˵仰ˮ뿴Ǹҹ޼ûħԭˮϴξͶˣˮҪħ
ҹɼעû䣬ˮҲ۸ˣڲֲԺԺǲ⻹һЩԼġ
ҹǬҲǴˣԲûȰˮʲôΪˮҲû˵ҪʲôֻһЩʵڵ飬ȻʱˮҹɼҵһЩ뷨
ӦˮһõĻѾʼˣңҹɼҵļҹҲϸرСŰ裬ֻҪץסӷź򣬾顣
ֻЩˮûйϵûʲôҵǰڼҹɼΪ飬úܶ˸оõĲ򵥡
ʱõλˣΪɾһɱ䣬ֵȫָָҵһŵӣʵҲָˣҶ֪õҽҽκõġ
õζȥһЩ˺޲׽ȥ٣ϧѾʲô˶Խȥģֻг÷ȥġ˿ĲܽһֻƱˡ
ζȻʲôĴġ
ˮ߳ʱȴĿһڵСſһߵǽ˯ˡ
ˮһ㶣СĸӿҲ꣬ڣ߹ȥСӵͷܳƺ˯ˣɫе԰ףپ£ǸСŮ
ƺܵСѾͷ˫ۣһ˫ܴ۾峺ֻǺã԰׵СһЩ۹
СѾͷأ
ˮ˵
СѾͷҡҡͷ˫۸ãˣֻҲޣֻ˫۾˿ۡ
࣡
һӵĽСѾͷӣֱͦСȻ󿴿á
СŮգһ˫۾ˮˮҲӵĽæóڵӵݸСѾͷ
ϾСӣм䶼ûе
СŮӹڳһҲͻأֻ˸оϧ
ʱҹ˹˳ˮŶСŮ۾ԽԽˮ㿴ôСӦ߶ˣҪɣҾкˡ
ˮЦ˵ð
ҹ˹ҲСŮֱ࣬ӱ˵Ҳ֣СѾͷҲųҹ˹衣
ˮҲΣҹ˹Ҫ治ףվ֮߻ȥ߲㣬ֱ߽ҹ˹ķ䣬ʱҹ˹СѾͷѾϴϣһµСѾͷȻǸƯˮһСҹ˹Ԭڶ档
ֻСѾͷ΢Цû˵ˮое㲻Ծְ̽Ȼջ֣û
ôˮ
ãǲ˵Զ˵


1384 ҹ˹ĸ¶ˣǿ󳵼
ˮĻҹ˹һ𣬴µѾͷȴһӲ˵о̫ƽˣһ˹¿ΪʲôҪǸưأ
ҹ˹費ˮĻеĸϧСѾͷԴˮҹ˹ɫֻ֪Ҫĸ֣ͻŮ
ȻûȴǱķǿҲеʧɣұСΪŮҲеˡ
ʲôҵŮԺҲŮϲ
ҹ˹˵
ȻֲûĺӣĺӾŮʮˡ
ˮЦ˵
ҹ˹һ㶣ЦˣȻˮ޼䣬֪кüӣ治֪вĺӣҲ֪мӣֻ֪кӡ
ˣѾмˣ
ҹ˹ˮһ£ԬСѾͷߡ
ʮһ
ˮЦ˵
ˣСѾͷְɣ
ҹ˹˵
ͽɣ
ˮ˵
ҹ˹ЦЦãǵŮôҲøӵɣ
ˮóһݺͱĺһĺܶණСѾͷǰǰЩСͳʲôģϡ
۾ˮµСϾȻ¶ĵЦݡ
䴦ʱڣеСʱһǳǳļûмġ
֮ǰˮҹ˹˵еþʧȻʧȥ˵Ǻǿǿ󡢼ǿ󣬹档
ˮѾͷκ𣿡
ҹ˹迴ˮóôĶҲǺܿģˮϲСѾͷء
ûû׹ǵĵҩûãΪûС
ҹ˹ܴû˵ʲôѾ֪˴𰸣ˮΣǾûΣоСѾͷǱġ
ˮҹ˹裬Ůеĸġϲһ棬СѾͷһر
ˮûԼôĺӣҲòҲգˮлһͬʣĿԣѣˮкûһ

ʱһξǰ¹ȥˣмˮһңҹ˹Ҳһţݣʱ䣬ҹ˹ǹСѾͷĻˣˮǵԬա
µʱ䣬ҹ˹ĸŮһס˯һˮȶôˡ
Ȼ˵ϵЦȴԽԽ࣬ˮʼǽ֡
ˮǺܶҲ֪һЩ򵥵ģˮ˼άǰԱȵģǰͨһЩۿڶӡˮȻһ׼򵥵ѧ
СѾͷȻûȴǿǰһư͵Ҳӡ
͸׽ˣֻһ̸Ĺߡ
ˮÿ춼һʱʶ֡
ûˮСѾͷĵѧʱҹ˹رĿģȻûЦԿ˰ЦݣµС˰
һˮմɾûжã˳֣üͷȥ
ǼүĲϲãȻʱǵ𡣡
ԲʾĿ˿
һ˿˵
˿ʲô
ɻʵ
ò⿪ţֻӵп˿Ĳſǰҽ
ϽҸ˿
˽˵
Բ𣬿˿ҽԷȥģҲûп˿
ˣȥ˵ȥ
Բûп˿ҽģذɣ
ңҾͲ
˴Ľе
ˣãݲ
һ
ˮߣһ㶣ΪҹǬ
ҹǬСҿɲ£ôҪ赲ҳң
˵ǳ
ҴӦҽҪ֤õİ
ҹǬܾ˵
㱣֤Ϊҹɼ𣿺Ц˼ҴˣȴƨɣоܳΪһˣôôɣҼүм𣿳ҹɼ練ƣԣ
˵ޱȡ
ҹǬ֪ˮ׼ߵĽرħö׼ҵׯ԰
ҹɼҺ׼ҾܻԹģˮ˽⣬ǲҹɼļʲôģ˵˾ҹɼ벻ķۡ
ҲеЦҹǬ֪һҲЦöã˾Կҹɼļ塣
ˮѾߵ¥ˣͣ뿴ҹǬѡҲ˵ҵһЩһӴļϵڷݾϳǿĴڣһУҡҹɼЩ嶼Ҫǿ
ȻˮûҹɼʲôҹǬվˮ֤ȫ
ңҾͲŲ
һŵٴ
ˮЦЦ˳ȥǵҲͱʾҹǬѡˣѡ񲢲⣬Ϊҹɼҵһңѡ
ѡûдˮҲôѡֱӲ¶ͷ
ʲô⣬ȥ󳳴ֵĵط
ˮмһֱһֽЩȫƳȥʵĸǿѪ
ڳֻǷ֧һӵܶѣֻҪųҵһƣǾǷޣҹǬӲ
ߵ棬һȺӵܶѣΪȻҲֻǺ˭ˣͨȻǿޱȣˮǰͺһ
Сӣǳҵ˶Ҵȫɣ
ž
ˮֱһȥһֱӽ˵һʣڱǶѪֱֱӳĻԹȥһ׵ĸ߸ߵģԴͷ
ҿǣҲǵʲô⣬ΪԼӡ
ˮ˵ֱӻͷȥ
ԶҹǬģ̾˿ֱ뿪ˡ
ܶ˶ˣˮȴˮģȻһЩҺ͸ǿˣ˭˭˺ҲûйϵǴ󲿷˶еİá
Щ˴ŻԵĳ뿪ˡ
ˮ֪Ϊʲôôſ˵ûǰԼѵûˣˮʵûˣȴĴڡ
̬Ⱥһ㣬ôŻ
ԼǰҪԼȥҿİɣҲܶˣһ壬ǿļ岻ܿЩ˷չ
ˮоЩ۸ڶ˵ŵɵһ֪ǿŮ۸С㲻һĴڣһΪţƵġɵˮ֪ܻܿԼƵվһεĻǻ
ҲǷ֯еĴڣһǻ֮λ֯ڸ߲ǳϡ̫ϳϡ󻤷һо֯ңҲиҡ
һǶһˣҵλޱȣǸҲûȨ֧ˣĵǶкܶˡ
ϵĵλҪ߲٣Գҵλ󣬱ҰһҪǿһЩٱϣ˵ˮһһǿ


1385 ˮҲɱηָ
ʲôʵˮҲе⣬ݳҪһЩǿʵԼҽ㣬е㲻˳ѾһЩʵ
ҹɼûʲôĻǲԼˣǿ˵ϻļ壬ȻԼûҪΪԼʲôʲô΢»ǿԵġ
ңˮ֪һʲô̬ȣڷ֯ɼҵʵǺǿģʵǿʵڡ
ԼǵֻǳһּҵİܼӣֻǾǷּңҲǹһҷּҵţҳҺܻ̣ȻһּҲš
˭˻ˣˮܣΣοõأΪʧ˺ܶ࣬ȻΪ˳
˵ˮԿ϶˵һҴܶ࣬Բ

ˮѾ񳯷ȫգҲޱȣҪ磬Ϳˣ˲䷢ˡ
ˮҲѧϰɱû츳뵽ǷеսԾԳԣһʱȴǷԼѧϰٶȱﲢѷɫ
ȻԣˮȻҲͲôõս˵һүǵеŤٲûй涨˻Ůˡ
١ٵӺܹӴ˭ʺϵĹ١
ˮϥڰգǺˮǰţûʲôС֣ǰħħǾɡ
ˮ΢۾˫һһɲϢڿӣһԶŵζ֮˼įǣ˸оԼ·ǧ꣬Ҳ¶ǧ꣬еĹ¼ѹѹƲס

һǲϢֻһֺĸоؼ·ǧǰԪڷ󣬲ֵϱۣз·һѪζǼ˻˶־·һֿ˺ѵأԺɨǧƣ

֪ˮѾϲɱһĸоʱɱ֮УˮһҪء
ɱ;ЩϵԽǿ󣬿Խǿܴﵽ鹲ĻЧá
ûµʱˮٴοһ·Σȴǿֳһµս
ָ
ˮһ£һսǽսָҪƻѪҺѨΪһרԷǿ󡢻ʵԼߵս
ˮһļˡ
ΪָҪ޷ĻָҲûãˮоŹٶųǿơ
ʱ䣬ˮͿʼָͷɱԼݹٶȺܿ죬Ӧúʹйϵټɾס
ָʵҲУһ򣬹ĴټָͷѹǿĹϵʵ󣬶ǴѨѨ鲼ȫÿѨòͬѨϣԷٱͬǿߵѨǿԷģѨλ
ǴʱĽضϾȻ㹻ĻԳ׵Ľضϡ
Ǵרࡣ
ǴѪ϶ԷѪѪ
ǴԴĿһֵľһʽֱӴѣΡ
ָˮܿģȻֺܿ죬ȴɾޱȣƼ򵥵һָȴǸޱȡ
ˮо˯˾ͷ˵ļ壬ͨҲǲУǺǿ֮࣬ٶȱͺֲܿټӰ͸ӿˣΨûɱǿսһֻʹһΣ˷ָϾŹӰ֮ϡ
һָ򣬹и޴һּµľصϵʵС
ˮܿˣǷָĻΪָϵģˮһָϻ˺ܶʱ䡣
ˮǿʹöָѨʱʱѾˣϴϴһȥһ죬֪һ᲻ƽ
ûµˮɴڷнŮָȻǵһָٴǿҪԣˮڷɱľϱŮߣԺŮо̽֡
Ů֪оܲ˼飬ˮӴ磬Ϊʤˮû뵽ںˮ˺Զһ֪⻹ǿģˮŮĸá
Ůе㱻̼ˡ
ˮоԼʹ÷ָʺϣΪѾ˵ϣȴǺЧһģȭָȭʩչǧ
Ҽõ龰תһ㣬˿ķһҲһţһҪϿɵˡ
ȻõżܸߣܶƶʮһεЩסڣ˵˼дװףЩ˲Ρ
촫һϢǳҵĳˣǳҷּҵһǳҷּһǿĴڣзּУһ֧ǰģҲΪʲô˿ôţҲΪʲôôˮ
ڣּҾͻٹޣ䲻ڣҲû۸ңλͻһǧɣҲʮꡢּҾͻӳʧ
ǸӴļϵÿּҶһֱΪҵķ֧ʱһӣֻʵܼǳҵķ֧ûʵ복ңÿһĳҲкܶ˳ɼҷֳȥΪּңּҲгΪҵˣΪ˱֤ҵĴУӷּҴңҲϣΪܶ඼һʵΪᣬҲΪ˼ĴС
ˣˮûʲôϵǳԼ鷳⼸첻Ǹ˱Լûһݣָɡ
ʱһת۾죬ˮҲָǰָ죬ѾһʱˣŮչǿˮʩչָʱ¶һҪѧᣬоŹ

洫Ͷʱˮ¶һЦֱӴ߲ȥ
Ȼˣҵһġ
Ȼβʲôҽңã˭赲ֱɱ
һ˫ް߰׵˴ȵ
ֻβʲôȨҡ
ˮ洫
ˮȻǰϰˣʱһ¥Ѿҳϡˡ
˻ͷһܿˣһǳɫװֹֻ˫üë˫۾̫ˣƻС
ˮüëٴšҳˣ
ˮ̾ѵѳֹ߻һ֮ڣǲס֣Զó
Сӣ֣ȻҴҳҵˣҪúҳս׼
ˮоܺЦǸĲˣһ仰ѳҴ߾ͷ·±˲֪ǳһ֪ҵûˣǻôѳҹߡ
ء
һĲҽͱײôҵ˵ɳѪҹ˹Ԭ˳


1386 ǿķָɱħǰ
ҹ˹Ԭ˳ڴҵʱֱӺĽЩȫ˳ֱδ֪ҹ˹ɲЩŰԵڴңֱ²顣
ҹ˹ʵֻҪ΢Щ˾ֻˣЩ˻ϻˣ󲿷ǵ
ҵ˶һЩĵƦһˣǸ綼ȱ٣ʲôطǶңԲŻ
һתֱʣʮҵˣΪ׵ľǸ˫ް߰׵ˣʱűʮ˲û̫
ǲ֪
ˮһҡҡͷƽ˵
װһȺܼҾΪһȺˣٻĽҫ治֪ȥҵ绹ǽꡣ
ˮϲֽˡ
̫СˣΪҷּҾǵҽ㿴ҷּҵʵ
һ˵һս
սһֻ࣬ףߣһ磬֮رǿҡ
ˮҡҡͷ㲻ҵĶ֣ǻȥɣҲɱôˡ
ˮҡҡͷ˵ڳһرǷ
ȥɣƱ䣡
һȻӳо޴սӳ֮սΧʮ״ĻƣȻˮȥ
ˮǽ
ˮֱóϫӡǰڳһ޴ˮǽ
أ
ˮ˻𣬳ǻˮǿܶѹסˮȻҪƣһƣٷһࡣ
һصײֱƬɢˮڵʵǳһԵֵģ̤ͣһһ졣
𽣣
һٵĽɫ⽣ųһȥһһһĽ󵶺ǰ

һֱӽһˣѪȻ˽𣬵ˮ̫ˮһһָһֻһѾ˵˳һǰסˮĽ𽣡
һϲãҪӻ
ˮЦֱӰһ˹ȥ
ˮߺͳһ϶һ죬һ֮ǰˣак죬ȴȫ죬е㲡̬ġ
ҵָɣ
ˮ˵˫ֽӡһ㣬ѸɣȻӰһͻֱʧԶ
Ź
أ
һصߵһֱӿѪɳұߵæ˺󣬿ֻŵĿˮ
ָһָ
ָǵػڷָ˺ֱܶ࣬ӽߺȥΪĿڣȻǴģȴֱӽߴˡ
һϣɱ
һһٵĺȵ
һĽˮ˫˳һڶֵˮǲġ
ʣ˶Ǻܿ죬ֱˮΧ˹ȥ
Լɹֲñˡ
ˮųһһ̵Ц⣬Ӱһģ
һֻоһ䣬ž͸оһϢסԼžͿһ貵ָӡ֣ԼԼһֻչɵķˡ
ָָ
Ѩ

һ󣬵ȴޱȣһ貲ȭͷСӡǴ˳һĿڡ
ָָѨһѨҲѨ
ˮǵһսʹָһ˲оԼָ·Ҳͱһ
һ忴κεı仯ȴȥ
ˣָǿοһʵˮ֮Ĳܴˮڷǿ󣬾վŲɱˮ
ͻƺˮǿǿ׼ֱˮһӲĹǡ
һȻǰ֮ǿģȴͷˣֱֳеȺףתۼѾһһˡ
ˮŽԼΧˣһʱеѣֻиûסѾˮ˹ȥ
ˮһƲӰһΣ¹Ťӭ˳˹ȥ
ָ
ֻ˶࣬ˮҲϰ׶ΣǺܴģڲЩ˺û˺֮ǵֱӾʩչָ
սɱǿ󣬳ǿ󣬵ǿĲҪѨ׼ȷѪλãַָҲԲеôá
սжٶȿɱ㣬ɱٶױϣԽǿս׶ҲԽ󣬾ҲףҵԱȽϷϵĸսϡ
ȻܷӳָӦеЩ˿಻ԣһɴסǾͲˣֱˣ
ž
ˮһƮָӡһ˵ֱϣֱ۾ʹ
ָԴԼǿܶˣԴ򿹻ǿ˺ޣˮϰָӡкЩϵĲҪλãΪ˾ǿԶ¡
ˮͣʱѾûˣֻоһʩչڷֱָһǿĸ߶ȡ
ԸͼʵˮɱԸǿͲܣҪۻָһѨһһ࣬ʮβЧʵԽ࣬ҪĴԽࡣ
ˮҪֻһĻᣬһʩչҪջ޴Ȼ󻺻ҵһЩﴦһ¡
רģˮǻЩʬյ͵ңɾڴ½һ飬ʲôҲӰ졣
ҽǿǿߣǳҷּҵĸڣûˣºˣҷּҶˡ
ǰҵһҽģϾҷּҲڳңóҶҾ̵ġ
ˣҲ֪ҽܲܳŹȥǸ嶼Źҽ
Ҳ̫ģҽǱˣȻôһԱ
ǰôû뵽

ЩۣˮŮѾ߽á
ֻûжãˮŮ˵һħǰ
ˮȥħȻûжüڿȴǸоһˣϸһܾ֪ˡ
Ȼһ٣Ϊصߡ
ĸӲˣҺһٲرΣգӦһЩĶŹ١
ϸ磬ߣȥ
ħͷЦã
ϵܣһġ
ħ˵ǳҡ
ˮȻҲ֪ţɣҪʲôʵ
ֵܶһԡ
ħϵ˵
ˮħһ˿ﻹǺܸжģһ˿ѾǱ˱ľˣˮ֪һ֪ҵĿ¡
ˮЦЦʵϸ粻̤ġ
ϵ˵ﻰҵʦţʦϸûֻԼˡ
ħ̾˵
ϸ˵ﻰһӣҺܿġ
ˮû˵뿪ʲôģʵʦƳټͲѡˡ
׼ЩƲˣˮħһơ
ϲϸȹ١
ˮЦŹϲһ
лл
ħûж˵ˮˡ
˵ϸʦųҪңһзݾϲ͸ġ


1387 ߣˮ룬ɱ
ˮĻħһ㶣Ҫˮģ˵ĻļǵãԼһģԲҪ
ˮϲģˮĻҲû̫ľϲǺܿĵ˵Һڴϵܸҵľϲ
ˮУʼ壬֮ȪȪˮ̱Ԫ̱ȣħֵˮĵİ
һйȥʱѾʱˣħе㲻˼飬񵱳ˮκһһĲ˼顣
˵Ϻپһ٣Ķڣͻƹȥʱ̴粻ͻĻħһӾֻͣˣؾ硣
оһˣһǿҵȫƿָо·ϵһëԼƣһʵһЩؾ糹ȹʵսɱ˺ôһء
ϸ磬ϤԼ壬ȥ濴
ˮк߳ҡ
ħЦŻһ䣬ˮ뿪ıӰеãһԼСϲٵˣһɲˡ
ıӰָоû赲סĽŲ
ԼӵеһжģԼ֮⣬ֻΪȥħ죬ȻʼŲơ
ݳһڴúͳҵ飬ˮųһ޾ˣˮЦĺܿġ
ˮҲܿģҲиѣʱ˭ѣΪ˭Ҫž޴Σա
үӣĺܿġ
ˮ֪ĳƺүӡ
ˮĳƺҲĵЦˣ˵ĸ壬ȻʱԿһ·
ʱĻԿʱҲ᲻Կմˡ
ˮЦ˵
Цû䣺ҾǸоջܶ࣬һһֱҪģҲһֱߵڰɣ
үӣ˵Һͳս֯᲻˲μӣ
ˮһֱܹ⡣
ᣬǰǳ֯Ԯ
Ц˵
ǳһ᲻Ԯ
ˮûʵ
ҶԳҵ˽⣬һʱʱ֯ԮΪǸоԮһֳ裬ҵ̫ˣȫҲԮ
ˮһҲȻϾԼȻ˵鷳óļԮٲô죬ΪԮһʾܵı֣رǶԶԼĬĬŵˡ
֪һʱʱҲԮˮҲƽڷָûѧȫоѾˣָָ棬ϾеѨ㣬ѨЧõĻԻɴߴѪ
ôҪҪҰæҲǺ˵ġ
޿ˮ˵
ˮҡҡͷҲʱҪĻһѾͲѶԷ֡
ˮЦݣҲЦˣѲ±֡
ˣˮˮұ𳵼Ҳ磬ֶǷ֯ģҲ֣֮ҪԼҲҪĥ
һûжãʱˣʮˣˮ֪ǲǳұҵˣЩ˵ʵҪǿһЩٶصʵͷļǳԽأӦس΢ǿһ㡣
֮Ƿˮ룬֮ǰʵһǶʵһؼ϶ҲİؾصİصҲ߰ؾǰļİʵһֱء
֮ʵˮ֪˱˵һˮ룬ʵҲ
˺ʵԽʱ䶼ԭǻԲǴﵽ֮ͻһ˳ÿһεٶͻļѡ
ص۷ʵһǧʵˮʹͨԲﵽʵˮһֱǶҲͨ
һءءضûֻͨʵԽǧŻͨÿǧֻһͨһɱսһǧʵʱһͨǧʵʱһͨǧʵʱһͨԴơ
ˮԼѾͨǱͨģͨϲֱղ֮һ
ݳǻûнӴصߣѾӴˣΪͷﵽؾ磬ǧʵ֪ͨûС
ˮûҹ˹Ԭճտҹ˹һҪģˮֹԼ
ħȴվҹ˹ߣˮ˵Ů
Լ֣ҶֵĻĺʹࡣ
Ϊ׵˳üëѩף䣬һ˫ǵ˫ûκθ飬ƺûһ㡣
ûп۹⿴ˮܷŭоһĿˮ
Һɻôŵļôܻڡ
ˮȻ˵֪Щʵûбֳ̫ţϾԼɱ˳ôˣЩ˾þӸλ˵Ļֻ˵Ǻܷŭ
ţ۲ͷ㣬Ȼɱǳ˾ҪúԵ׼
ûٿ䡢ӲȴǺƽ
Ҳ˵Ҳ˭˭۵Ҳ£蹷ҧңҾͰѷ蹷Ժҧˡ
ˮ˵Ĵ˳ȥ
ˣţ̣׳ԿģҲҪʵģҲҪţȻöþͻᱻ˴
۾һ̺ȴء
ˮܸܵĹһ⣬Ȼôص
ҴеʱҲˣѾǷ׳־ĥûˣһһʼûٵһѭҲһξǳûһ
ˮҲ
̫߿Լˡ
һֹҲǶо仰Ǻܲ
ɣҸǵһɣҲǿԸʲô
ˮ˵ҲǵķӦֱó٣پķˮǰˮĻ£һ黶һĸоһů磬ġﻨ㡢ȺСϷ

Żһ䣬һɽأһ޼ʵĻҰտдĹţݲûһҰһ˹վؼ䡭

ͻȻΧѪɽһޣЩѬ죬ĵ˿ֲڹ¶ʱЩֿͷƺûˡ
ȣ
ͻȻΪ׵һƵĴȣΧ˷·γһ㣬һЩʵµڶڻþУ񲻸塣
ʲôϵ
Ϊ׵üʵ
ڣ
ˮɫ֪ڣɫرļɵоǵжԡ


1388 Ѫӳ󣬳ͨɱѪӡ
ˮûж˵ʲôûڣоӦúǿû˵ȻҼɵڣˮȥɣ
Һûйϵڲֵģá
ˮЦ˵
˵óûףѾﻢ£ɫĿˮааϵˣǲġ
ˮɫѾµʲô֮ǰĴаħ֮һڿҲһֻǲ֪ʣµ
еӰᣬЩ˾ȴһаġ
ˮں˵
ʲôϵɱҳҵˣҪҳᡣ
ܴڷ֯ģڸҲ֣֯ҲӲܣ֯ĴаǵжԵġ
Ȼˣǻֵ¼°ɣһϻһϣ
ˮٴʹΪ׾ӵļ
Խ׾ԽǼ򵥵ļԽãΧ˺ܶˣһȺΧŹһ˸оǿԶ١
ҪһϻһϣҲȫϣ֪Լܿһɵһȥһǰƣڿ˵һΪ˭Ϊ˵仰ԼԸҺæûôʱ棬ҵĿľɱܸȥһ
˿ˮм˵
ˮһ㶣϶ƤҲЦҲûûƤûʵ˵ôðɣһϰɣҲǣֻǵʱһˣǱڶǽġ
Сӣͷ֣Ѫӳ󣡡
˵һֳ֣ÿ˶һѪĳֵķλ˲ϣһ޴Ѫɢǿҵɱ⣬ȴվ˳ϣԦĳҲһѪ
ҹ˹Ҫˮ΢΢󷨺֮ǰ󷨲ͬû֣ǰЩֳΪһʵС󣬱׶̫󣬵ĳܲһ㶼ŲһӣǰѪӳȴǲһ
󷨺ˮЩеһֺԪӣۣսʱֻһ˳֣һ㲻֣˵ʵõķӣ˵ʵȴǱ֮ǰǿܶ࣬ǹǷԼٶȡ
ҳҴսѪӳ֪ʲôǾ֮ܣֻ֪֮ƥ֮£Ȼʵƥ֮¶֮𡣡
￴ˮѪ̧
˽гڳҵλͣЩ˶ĴѪӳնɱصߡ
㿴ʲôƥ֮£ƥ֮ڰƽء
ˮԷ󷨺һ
ְɣ˵ûᡣ
ϵɢ
񳯷
֮
ˮȻҲֱʹǿԵȻŲһ
Ź֮λ
Ź
в
ˮӰһôʱ䣬ʯûб仯ǿһֻ󷨺;ŹЧ
µľǷλ󷨣Ϊˮڷλİܳ˾Բ࣬رֶ󷨣ʵǿ󣬵Ȼݬ룬ˮʩչơ

һ죬һأͻ٣ˮھҪ
ˮٶȺܿ죬ƮݡûݸУӰһֱӳ࣬һȭһ˵Դϴȥ
ԣ
һƵˮȭͷˣԴһһӡӿʱһ޴ĵˮնȥ籼ף·ƺͻһԽԽǿмǿҵ
֮ǰ󣬳ҲǴһɵʵǺֲܿģоС̫аˣǱʵҲˮԵֿġ
вѸ˿
ʱˮҲ͵ƽٶȱˮ˿һѪ֮ǵضһ̾ˮƣָоͺѾûйϵ
Ѫӡ
еѪٴλӳѪɫʣΧȴǳһֻɫƲһ壬ڿţ֮ǰ̫ͻȻûпȴǸܺ
ԣ
һصˮ˱õɳȥˮ屻Ѫϵ˲䣬һ⵲סĹ
ˮһ㶣ǸԵֵһЧ
ˮ𾪣ΪѪӡǳĵһͨɱǱеģֻҪԷͿѪӳǰƽֱѪӡĿΪֹʱᱻסϲܶ㿪ȻҲ⣬ôⷨﻹû
ѪӡԽʵɱһһɾһȴûнնɱ
ˮҲһ㶣֮ǰʹʥʯָ㿪ȴʧˡ
׵ػˣ˵ʲôղһѾвԼˣͻȻˮ뵽ͨ
ֻͨſԣȻԼ׵ķǰ迴ģӦþһֻͨʹһΡ
ҲֱӽնڵµģȻѾնɱԷǾͲҪĥ䣬ϧû뵽ɱһȴʧˡ
һʱˮûжҲûмƣƬ̣˫дˣҲѡ
ˮˣһֱӭųȥġ
֮ӡ
ˮֱʹ˴֮ӡ֮ӡҲʶģǾ
￴ˮĹЦˣֻЦеֲеѪһӣɫĵһתĴֱӽ֮ӡɢڿУɢ֮ӡĺɫٴˮȥ
ˮӰһֱʧԶӰһѪӳβ
֪ˮĳڷеɣҾվŲҲ޿κΣǿĹҵ󷨷
𣡡
ˮЦˣַ̧Ľӡָӡ
ָѨ
ԣ
ˮֺܿ죬һƵ֮һֻֽӡٴδ
ԣ
ž
ˮĶܿ죬μһʱ䣬һʱҲˮǺˡ
Էֹˮֻܴһηָ뿪´ٴιԭλá
һ죬ˮֱֱͦͦȥ
ˣ
ˮӰͣһĿ깥ȥ
ɫ䣬Ӱһٴˮӵնȥ
Ѫ׷꣡
ȻｫͨɱʹˣǿսϾͨɱֻʹһΣԲܰǸ
ɽ
ˮʶһɽХ˹ȥ
ȻɽԳûκвܻҲ΢һ¡
ƣ
һȫһص˾ɽϣ

ɽء
ˮʶһ˳Ѫӳȥ
ԣ
ųǿټˮ˳ˮ޷ƾɽ˳ƻټԼˮվλãΧѪӳ󣬳ķ
Ѫӳ߱ײĿѪ󷨣ǿػء
⼸ȺļˣҲǱȽġ
ʱѪŭⲻǰʯͷԼĽŵ
ʱˮʩչŷָǸסѨס֮ǰѨˮȴǴѨֻһʩչ˳ָŽˡ


1389 ʤ֯ǰ
һʧߣѪӳˮԵĸܵ
ƣ̫ˣȻԴѪӳķͷԼȻԼ
ٴγʱˮѾ㿪ˮֿ֪ܲܵɱ֪ǲĻᣬֻߡѰһơ
ͻӣʲô£ֺ浶ǹɱ
Ҳޱȣˮ
һˣ˵ػ˵ɵأΪԼʲôҲӰ㲻ԼܿһȺ˴һҪҺӲΪ˭˵仰ҾͻԸûʱﶷ죬ҵĿľɱ㡣
ˮֱӽ֮ǰ˵ĻԭⲻĻ˻ȥ
ﱻˮĻҭİ˰죬ʲôҲû˵
ޱߵķŭһ壬Ѫһ
Ѫ٣
ֱͻȻɺ죬Ű߰ѪðȻһѪѪϣֱˮȥ
һҺһĵˮնȥŹ๾ᣬѪζرǿң̱֮
ϫӡ
ˮ˻
Ȼˮʵͳ٣ټ֮ǰˣѪӳ½һЩˮоҲԼڻ˲ˮоԱûˡ
ˣ
Ȼ˶Է޷ֵȷʵֹ˴ʣµʱˮľɽ׵ĵסˡ
ͨˮѾõһˣˮоڿˡ
ԷǸ˳֮ͨ⣬ʣǿҲأϧʵպòǧûͨûͨˮڿѾûɱϾԭˮķƲ
Ӱ
ˮоʱˣսҲչˣٶ˲Ѿֲﶼ׷ϵĸо
ԣ
ָ
ٶȣ֮ǰҪǿ̫࣬ʩչָرĵӦ֣ˮֻһһɥˮķָ¡
ʧһѪӳͼٰ֣Ѫӳȫ˲ˣһһˮҲоԽԽɡ
ˮٶȴóˣŬ׷ϣǿ似һеʹȴǶˮõôĶ㿪ÿһζ㿪һߵ
һת˶
ɢΧ
嶼ڲ
ʮ˸˵ѪӳˮѾɵʮһǿһѪ˫޲ðˮǧС
ˮҸպѧ˷ָȻֻܣһܵĵ
һ仰Ҳ˵෴ˮһսӵĶ־֮߰ˮշ硣
̫˼ˣҽôȻԵ³Ѫӳ󡭡
ҽָӡƯһŮ˿ˮ˵
̫ˣʮꡢʮ˭ܵס
Ѿǳұҵǿˣ֪Ҹܲݵҽ᲻֣᲻֯Ԯ
ԶһУϱ鲻ȴǷˣǲãĴڡ
ҹǬԶоԼʧõĻҹɼҵû䲻赲ˣħ֪һϵҹ޼ġ
ˮҲû˵ˣӰԷԶʱȻһŲ¡
̤
Ӱ֧һӵʱ䣬ڹȥ˰ӣԻʱ䣬ˮ˷ѣ
ŹŹ
Ź
ˮ˲һ󣬷ָ
̨
ҲҪѨ֮һ߱ˮҲûУһֱָӱе
ѪӳûˣʣµļˮĶ֣Ϻˮʵ£ǿķָ£һָе
һȴ˵ģѾץˣҲǳһֵĸһĵ£ֺ޵ȴ޿κεĸоͱԼ
ûѪӳ󣬱ˮ󣬳ʵѾֻа˰¡˵ʵӵĲ
ˮʵǴﵽֲĳһǧ޿ɱٶȺͷ
ˮһ㣬޼ɵʩչŷָ
ʮʱ䲻ʣ³һˡ
ʮ˸ˣʮ˸ֻ֣ʣԼһˣڻججչڰգˮԲ
ģҲģҲᱳž޴ĳ裬Σڸоǰ˾һ޷Խĸɽ
ʱˮȻ飬ˣ۶ԷΣûвɱԷɡ
һ
סԷˮһ
ͨһĹһ;Ľϣˮһһǧϧˮʵ̫Ȼһӿֲ
һֱӽʧˡ
ˣһİ
һ̫˴ˣһеǿһнʧ
ֻһСʱ䣬ϢʹˣˮûжͣŮħ߽ã֮ǰҹ˹סˣ˯ŵġ
ħʱܼҲ֪ʲôǰǶôߴˣȴֶص֮ͦһòԾɡ
ˮһ˻ȥˣеҲ뿪ˣЩ˲ɢȥ˵ʲôƺڵһϷ

ˮ֪ҽôȻزе㱻֪֯᲻֣ﻹе㲻ġ
ͳҾϲݵľ棬Ѿǲܵˣֻǲ֪ʱ򳵼һ᲻ԸĺԼսԮء
ˮԴ
ˮ˼ʱиŮ˽ˮ˵ҽ˵ǡˣ˵Żǽġ

ˮ˵ϴκ˵ʱ֪ģǸ֯ͷ֯ھĴڣǵжԣʵûзǿ󣬵Ҳκβá
ˮ֪ʲôһ£˵¥
ǣ
ˮŮȥҲ¥ȥĥоԺͽйϵѵҪԼ
оܴܺ󣬵֯ħ⣬ǸŮԼ룬һԥļ룬ˣԼܾܿˣ֮ǰﰲźá
ˮߵĺ¥ϵ¥һûпŵģˮƵߵ¥ʱѾһһŮ
һģˣˮ֪˵ֻܴפˣо˵ģҲֲ˶ˡ
˺ܿζ޳Ӱбֺŵĸо
ȣŮԵҪܶ࣬һŮˣʮŮģԸг죬㷢߸𣬳ѩ׷۾ӵ޳ԸС
һ˫۾ȴǿҵִţֱͦǿԸУŵ촽ˮоŮ˺ܺǿ
֯ʲôˮֻ֪ǵǰŮȫһԷޣһúܶ˶Ľķޡ


1390 󻤷֣
֯棬ģǺܴԵģͷǲ
Ϭ֯ڶǾԱҲǿߣرŮ˱˻ǿһ㡣
λǣ֪Ϊ£
ˮЦߵǰʾ
ˮֱӴɾóһЩߣ趼˲ãû˿ˮ֮ǰ׼õһϡ
˵ǿֻЦ˵ҾͲĨˣˣΪѡ
ŶˣҽݽˣǿԴ֪û㡣
΢Цٴ˵
ˮЦˣԷֻѣʵҲǺֻ˵ίһ㣬Цſˣ֪ʲôô˵ɣ
֪֪Ѿ֯ˣ֪ûĶס֯
ݽˮ΢Цš
֯ң
ˮǺܳԾ˵ֻҪҲԮ֯ǲֵģѵԮˣоӦòɣȻ˲ǿߣЩӦóҶһֻ첲һֻ첲ϲˡ
Ӧû֯Ԯ֯ôᶢң
ˮɻʵ
û֯Ԯ֯һ֣Ϊ֯󻤷ͳ׼ңԲȾͻ㡣
ˮˣ׼ң׼ҹǿ󻤷ˮ֪󻤷ĵλ½ҶңȻһƽȵģһҪ۸ߵ͵Ļ󻤷һһǿһ㡣
޵һ޵ڶƾеսҲָߵͣ󻤷λú͸Ҷ£Ҳһ֮֮ˡ
˵Ǽٵģ̧ͷݽ˵ɣôΪѣ
иԪϣҽһЩԪΪѣǰֿ֯
ݽˮ˵
ֵܵס֯𣿡
ˮǺŵ˵
ûзǿ󣬵ҲκβҲ޷ˣҼȻ˵˾һڳҵϺڰ㣬ҪҼߣ䵱̴ӱ㡣
ݽ˵
ǵãֻҪܰҵסˣˣһںѵˣǾˡ
ˮ˵Ȼ豭ݽ
ǴӦˡ
ݽ΢Ц˵
ҽˮͽˮɣ
ˮЦ˵
ãˮϵܣҾͲˡ
ݽҲǿĵ˵
ˮо˻ǿԵģؽȣ֯һǿĴڣΪԷʵǿһкܴǱ
ʵֻʵﵽ̶ȲܽӴ֮ǰֻд˵дڣȴǻĴڣûʵߺѾԻҲ֪ҲȺְɣʵȦӡȦӡ
֪ĳԪжã
ˮʵ
аꡣ
ʱѾ֪ˣԾȷĸܵԼá
ôң
ˮЦ˵
ˣû˵ܣǾһܡ
ݽ΢Ц˵
ĻˮЦˣҹȥ˼ٻ˼ҷأ
ﻹˣˮ뿪
ϵæǹɣүȻֻаԪʵʲôһ
ݽɴ˵
Ҳãϸʱ
ǺãôȻȥԵĻͺүһ
ݽվ˵
ŮҲվֻпʼʱˮЦŴкһֱû˵
ã
Ѿҽɩˡ
ŮЦ˵ͷȥŲֶ˵Ļ档
ˮűӣݽЦЦҪ֡
ôᣬϸи
ˮݽ֪۰ŮˣԼҪࡣ
ϵҲҸӶ˼ɫ֮
ߣ
ݽû˵꣬ǰ㴫Ů˵ߣֱӽû˵ĻҭסˮζЦݣεЦЦ
ɩǽ̷з

ݷ뿪ˮصãݷ粢û˵̫飬ˮҲʣǿѣǺĹϵǾͻΪѡѡ
ļˮһϾҪԸĻˮоֻһ·
ָڳΪˮΪԵԼڵʵֻмܵķݣսʤԷָֻ
ˮԵֵסͨɱ֮ĹҲ⣬ˮǺ£һЩͨɱʤһδ֪Ŀ¡

һҹڶʱ֣ݽͿˣͬĻиľһˣ̸ϴ飬վԵúͻأƺֺͨ˺׺ӣȴر˵ע⣬һܹĸо
ˡ˿ˮ͵Ŀ˿
ˮϵܣҸ£Ҽүӣүӣˮҽǿġ
ݽĵ˵
˼ҿǵ˽Ҫͷܰٳ߸ͷһĻӦǵǷ켫˰ɣ
ˮЦźǴк
һȵɫĴˮһ£˵϶ôЦˣһЦԵ׺Ͷˡ
ҽҼˣǰźҲЬķݣҽá
˿ĵ˵
˼ҹˡ
ˮ·¥ȥ
ͷ̱ģô꣬һֶֻĹ
Ц˵ʿɶֹû˵
ݽ֪Լֻǵõһ䡰СۣñĽҪݽĿ佱ͷˣֻܵõһ仹á
ˮõĿ佱ȴǳԽ̫֮࣬ĲѾԽ
¥
ˮһ٣ЧȻٶҲܿ죬ʱʱ䣬˷·ݹһɢųȥʣ
̾˿ˮ̫ˣҽΪһ죬ļ˯ЦѰɣ
˼ңĿǰֻΪôˣӦÿͻĿǰľ磬ԪͻӺܶࡣ
ˮЦ˵
Ҷ׼ˣСһֱڰѰٵķҵҽʦҲܶ࣬ϧڿҺ޲ߣʵûбϣֻǲ빼⺢ӵһģ̫ˣΪղŶɵǸ
˺˵
үӲô棬ʲô
ˮû뵽˻һ档
ˮ𡣡
ȻԣӦõġ
ǺãҾֱ˵ɣһֱ㵱õѣǿױȵǱҪ˵ףһ·ߵҲڻɣ׺ѣ֮Ϊѣֱһ㽫ԶԶ˦ʱԼʧͷҲϣܷʱԮ֡
˵ģˮҽǸԪʱӳ꣬Ǹʲô⾰
ãҴӦ㣬ֻҪ˲ңԶḺˡ
ˮ϶˵ûп
ãͷҾƴҲΪȡ·ǴȥҲϧ
˺ˬ˵
֯ѵҪȫҶˣ
ˮ˵ĻһϾ仰Ѿ͸¶㹻ϢƴȫʲôҲ˵ˡ


1391 ɱ䣬ˣһɳ
Ӧ󻤷Ҫˣ󻤷˷֯˲֡
˿ˮ˵
ЩˮоԼƿ鱨ǺȻʷѾó׶˻Ǻܶ࣬ͨ飬ɱϾ໹ǲ˺ܶࡣ
˼ңǰղĻǲҪˡ
ˮ˵
޷Ȼûзǿ󣬵Ҳô׵ģҲ÷ԪˣʱᱻʵӣԷ費Ķս
ֹҳ֣ѵҲ￪ս𣿡
ˮе㲻⡣
Ὺս뷨ܿҾŬ֪ܲȫ
˵Ҳе㵣ġ
ˮһᣬо˲û˵ѣЦ˵õģҺͷҲô˳
Ǳ˵һᵱƨˮһһҲûиоˮڴţԥһ£ССӰΣ
ССӰݽ򸾡
Ҳãһ²Ҫ֣չ˾ͿˣֻҪǲǣͲҪ֡
ˮһ²˵
УҲ΢ŵģ˶Ӧ
վ
СˮĻ
ݽ˵
ţ֪СӰӦҲˣȥ

涼ְ֪ӿȻϿʲôҶ֪ᱬϢѾᵽеĻҩζӦûбʵ롣
Ҳ֪ģģˮԪꡣ
ƼҵǸˡ
һܶǿ߶֪Ԫȴݹ첻üٵģǿ߶ǺеģرǵֻаҵԪʱζβס
Ժܶ˶ˣ֪и˲õҽܶ˿õڶı˿õһöӵĶ˷ܵҪһ鱣ٵӣӵļǮѾﵽһۡ
ȥãɵõһӵΪǹ뿪ģڳӶˣر˵ˣǵˮ˵ˣʱƵײǽ
ŵζ˺ܶ࣬ܶ嶼뽻ˮ¾ֻҲǴˮȴ˭ҲȻڼӾҪ㣬ҷųȺͳҵټ
Цȳˣô׼ӽ
˶֪ʲô˼Ժܶˣ˼ԣҸپҪۣͷͳҶôġ
ݳǲǷټ￪ͷԻһЩ塢վ˷Ķ棬ÿ춼Χػ
ˮվ¥ԶǾ̫СԼӰˣһǿҽʦֻҪõõƤӾһ壬ҷ
ȻˮڻûдﵽĿ˽ǣĿͷǿԵġ
Ҳ֪ﻹʵļ룬һƽĹȥˣųػɾֻǵɾʱһ㶡
ˣͻˣ
ڵĴС֮ǰٴֹһëڵģڱʯһһɱ֮ˮĵ
ӦǷɣ
ΪʲôͻˣѵΪԼΣʲôϵŻǰͷϵǸʹڣѾܴˣҲɫĻʹڣȴҫ֮
ˣ
ˮһ̸о˷ܣΪڵĻ˵Ѿ޽ӽ˵з˵ģֻǲ֪㲻ˣ
ͨ
ˣѪȣ
ˮһ¾ˣܼڻѾǷˣˣֻֻѪķˣҲǷˡ
֦ͷˣ˾Ƿˣһ޿ԱȵģѪķˡ
ˮʵѾﵽ˿ֲˮпҲźΪɱʱûߣûпΪ׳۵һ棬֪ôͻȻɱˡ
ȻһֱɱĿܣһֱûɱ䣬ˮҲͲ⣬ôʱ任㵽ɾѾǺܳʱˡ
񡱱ʵﵽ˵ͻͽˣֱƽƣ˷ܵĿսϣܸԼҪͷһϲ
ڤ죬սģõһٱʵʹκս͹Ķ롣
ǿˮѾ֪˵ʲôܱԼ飬ѾиоˣһɱɵˣӦǳΪɵĴڣĴڡ
ԼҲ鼶ˡ
ԽˮԽоƣûпɱһ̣һܴʧӦǵ˵Ļرϲ
߼У˵ǿٶʮļʮ
ֲˮеմû뵽ǵһɱģΪǽġ
棺񷢶ǿĻ湥ڵĻԷһУпµƻڷ˵ǿս湥屶
죺ս湥ʮܵ˺еֿġ
ˮЦˣܲЦֲ̫ˣ屶ٴʮѾʮ屶ˡ
ɱ䣬˴ڵɾͼҲǺܿµĴڣԼڴһˣ
ڤ򣺷򹥻屶Ĺ̺ſµıƵʱٴη
ˮͣǸоϵڱ˻ģеľˣϸ˷ܵԾţĵľϲѾܱ
ܵ˺ʱɵļԡɹһɱ䣬ʵһ
ûб䣬ˮҲ֡
ˮֻս
֮ģǿķ֮Ŀ÷˵ٴһܵ˺ٴμ룬еļһġս
֮֮ǿľѹƣѹʵһɣĿʧȥսѹƲǾԵġģս
񷢶ڤڱƵʱԴﵽǧ
ѵǷ˵⻹ѪĵˣѪǿķˡǸȼʲôʵ
յٴʧȥЧȻһֱȥϴ˷֯ˣӦܰɡ
ʧȥʧȥڻʵѾܿˣǿٶҲǣ⻹оǸѹƣ޳֮Ǿѹƣı࣬ѹƶٻ֪˾ʲôҲпܡ
۷һǧѾǳԽǧʵû٣ɱ䣬ԽɱԽѡ
ˮһҲһǧһ㣬ޱȵ̤ʵ񳯷֪֮˭ܽסڤıƣ⹥ģ඼㲻ڰ·ٵ
֮ϲ޴ľϲһˮ̤ʵ˵ˮڵĻʱҲˡ
ҲǳͻƵıԵֻûжͻƿԽȼü֮ͿȥħˣͻƺԼ͸еˮڴʵҲǴˣѾʼˡ


1392 ħħ󣬳Һ󻤷
ڻյʧȥЧˮҲǶô⣬ԻյľеˣһҲЧЩȻãʵ̫ˡ
⻹ɾ£ȻӵЩҲ޷õϣҵһЩֱﾳĶ
ˮ֪ˣԺյҲǸ޴ľϲأڡǧʵѾӦǰľˡ
ž޴ľϲˮͶ뵽У
󷨣
ϴսˮٴθܵ󷨵ûʲôãˮоŹˮߵ˴СͿʼѧϰŹҶѧһ󷨡
Ź
ŹʵΪ󣬱ŹԽʵͽ̸ˣСǸɱһġ
ˮͻƵһߣʲôһ޴ߣҲ⣬ڿѧϰü󷨡
ħħ󡭡
ЩǺֻܲҪܸߣڷλҲǺϣϰЩҪʱϣҪвʵǿͷԡ
ˮֻܿȻһϹ
ϢʱоһЩĶ֪Ѿ˳ɾʱˣ⼸ֻѧ˸ƤëҲܵ󷨵ǿ
ˮѾˣߵȴҪһ֮ܳԣֵҩһһҲһ־޴ĸˣйԪ
ҹ˹Ѿﵽ龳磬ѾʹˣôõĵҩϧʹãˮƳԪ˫ҩⶫǺܴġ

һҹ֮ˮо춼һɵ¥Ȳ裬˿ĳǰеڴ
Χ˵ڵһֹľ¥ʲôĶˡ
ˮоӦжˣѾһѾû˱ѡ֯ҲҪ䡣
ħˮ棬ˮȲ衣
ϵܣһҲģ
ħˮоһ̶ɲ⣬֪ԷʲôһҲܲ
ΪʲôҪģҪĵǱˡ
ˮЦ˵˵ɡ
ħˮŵƺҲˣһֵĸоǰֻڼгǰָоָоԽû뵽ھȻָо
ʱһõҽġ
ˮǰԸģ˹õһЩ£Ǹ£˱ֻ۷ʵˮ֮󣬾Ͷˮˡ
ʲôˣ
ˮӹ˵
ҵˡ
˵
ˣ֪ˣһ㡣
ȥˣˮƤֱֽӵݸһԵħ޸š
˵֯󻤷ʧ˷֯޷סˮСģҺ󻤷ҵĵλ˺ܶ࣬æƺܡ
ô죿
ħƤֽˮ
ݽʱˮħǰƤֽʱε˵үǱ֯סˣУһڣҺ󻤷Ϲֵܣô죿
Ϊסء
ˮ˵Ҳûпݽ
ݽһ죬֮ǰĵı֤ס裬û뵽󻤷ζģǲϧ谭ʵס
ˮеεݽ֪ǲˢʲôֶΣʵˮҲϵˣֹ۵أܻû뵽ȴˡ
ùؼʱ̣˾޴ı仯ֱӳΪ˵ˣΪǿ鼶ޣɣһǷġ
ȻǾӲɣ
ˮƽĿݽ˵
ãʱҴͷ󡣡
ݽҧ촽˺ܴľĵ˵
ˮЦˣүҵģǻտúǰɣ
ܵݽĲҲͲټƽʲôˣϾͷ˲٣ǣסﻹǿԵģ֮ǰֻǸо󻤷ס󻤷ģ֯˶ˣûа취ǣˡ
ﷴǣסˣˮ󻤷ͳҡ
һӵʱ䲻һյʱ䣬ˮԼ˱裬ˮȣе̣¶ȶˮûӰģƷĥʱġ
ˮŲ豭Զ¥Ұرĺãħݽ޷ƽΪ֪Һ󻤷ǶôĿ¡
ˮƽôһ󻤷ûȥˣķ֯Ҳù
ʱܿ죬ˮһʱԶѾʮڵ㣬ڵٶȺܿ죬תۼ͵˲ԶˮʱŲյһڡ
ܶ˿ˮںȲ裬ܾȣС̫װˣͷ򶨣Ū飬ΪԼ޵ˡ
ȻǺܶ˵뷨û˵
ˮŲյŶ潫˵Ĵ飬ÿ˶ǳһֻ޴ޣܴ෱ӣࡣ
洫ƺǿʮߵϢѹرΪ׵ˣˮĿⶢм俿ߡ
ߵرͦΣֻ΢ϣһԵرۣɫƽͣºͣûһ˿âȴһӾˮ֪Ǹ󻤷
һֵĸоһөȴ̫ҫ۵ĴڣһϢվȫ뵽УҲԹ
߻ˣЩ˶ǱﻹҪǿĴڣȻûǸǿ󣬵ǿֲޱȣⶼǳҵĺ֡
˺ܶ඼ߣȻҲвǣҲۼĸ֣ǳҵĸڣЩûˣôҲͲˡ
ǻˡ
ˮ΢ЦſŶ棬Ȼ󻺻̤Ÿ߿ȥ
㣬ϧâ̫¶ˣ̰꣬û˿ǰĵ·
ߵһ˳
ꣿ̫ˣȲ
ˮҡҡͷ
ңҲ֪ƾʲôôƽƾصʵ𣿡
˿ˮܾ㵡
һ˰Ѫӳȫˣ㲻оغһزһ𡣡
ˮЦˣ˺Ϳˡ
ˣͷҽг٣Ҳ֪˭
㵨ˡ
ˮгٵ˵
ӣʲôõӵģôˣһ־ͽĻҷ𡣡
ƺ˵еĵ⣬ֵһִԽС˵⡢ɪʲôġ
Ϊʲôôˣ˵㺦£Һһ˵𣬸Һصߵ𣿡
ˮ仰˵ĺƣȥԶ֮ڶöĳɫˡ
³ˮԽ޿־ͻöԷﲻƽߵʱƽˡ
ҾͺһԸ֪ʲôǾʵ
Ѿ޴Ĵˮ
ãˣȳǿˣ֮ǰһȺΧŹһҪ˵ҵĴͳǿҶҲͲˣ̫Űˣקһ
ˮĿų٣سҵЩˡ


1393 նɱˣ˵ǿ
ʵ˭ףˮŰ裬ˣַֻʽӸ̵ӡ
ٲˮ˵ȥ˫һӣó汾°ɣֻƤǲеġ
ˮųӰһȦһĺ⣬ֻҲǱ˳ɫһ͵ˮߣ˫Ӱ
ǿˮѾԸܵ˵ʵ۷壬ûеҲǽ۷壬ǳҶļ֮һ
һǿؾؾ龳һ޴ķˮ룬˿ؾ֮⣬ǿͨһؾߣͨǿǿԺؾ鿹ؾ顣
ǰѾ٣ҲˮǿһȻǸ߳⣬Ȼûн֣ˮ֪Ǹһǿ
񳯷֮
ˮڿɲ˿⣬ͬʱеĲյֱ԰ַˣ

һ洫˴һɵʵʵֻʣһǧһ㡭
ˮⰵȻڻҲܵһССյǿ
˼ȾȲյˮоڣֱûɵôսʲôϣΪʶж϶һǧĽ׶Ρ
ˮȻץסһսĻᣬǾͲӰһˮڵķֻҪ˲ʩչͨǲ±
ο׻ֵܵһĹ
ָ
ˮɴҲٷֱӹĳҲͱǿ޵һ㣬ˮ޼ɵʩչԼɱС
ԣ
ϾǶָˮοȰٴɱ
ԣ
ָ
ˮٴ˿˺ǿȻָָȥûԵı仯õǴѨģм˴Ρ
ǿ󣬵󱻴ɣΣҲˮĲ֮ͬˮҲܵ˵Ѩλƺ⣬ӦԼķָûджԷѨȻûзӦ
ٴôˮʱ
Źң

ˮֱӻɷָеĴһϼЧֻһͽٻˣеֱ۲ֹ㽫Ӷӳȥ
ˮӰһӰεĸ˹ȥٴιǿķ˺֮ܶǡ
ԣ
ָ
ٵһֻӶˣֱֱӾʹ̧
еĺɫһʱˮȴʧǰ
оҪʹͨɱֱʧʧĳʱ̣ܶٳֵʱˮ˫ֳڳٵ̫Ѩ
мѨԶƶģοֲĵز磬̫ѨٻѨ
ۣ
ˮ˲뿪˲˼ĿˮϻѪŵĿˮȻ󻺻ĵȥͨɱûʹó
壡
ף

ɱһɱ
ҪʬΣܣ

ˮֻ΢ЦſΪ׵ļˣЩ󺰴еʵǰˣǰûзҲֻǽкʵкҲʮˣϾЩҲһǿߣк˵ס
ǲкˣҲĶˮɱ˵Ļˮ类ÿɱʮˡ
˹Ŀ࿴սǿҪ˵ʧ˶ϧţԣߵŮӦҲɡ
˵ĲǸˣߵһˣҵǿߣˣûʲôģ϶û˿ı仯
ˮ˫𣺡϶
ǿоǿǸǿսˣûսѪӳ󶼵ס
˿ˮζ˵
սɱûɣ
ˮ˵
㵥һһͻᡣ
г˵
ˮе㲻һ뵽Լˣһ˳ȥ
˺֮ǰ˵ʵ࣬һʵӳɱһǰӵֻͬҪһԴüɱһ
񳯷֮
һҲһ㶣ֻ侳֪ܸ֮ܵǰֻǸоûʹȫ֮ˣôԷĵͼԭԼˣСӱԼĻҪаš
һˮķָѾϡ
ħ
ͻȻһµ֮ɫֱӽӿ˳ˮֲֻһ㣬ˮæ󳷣ֲûʲôʣƺе㲻һ
ҵͨɱԷӡסʹսһʱ㲻ʹս
˵Цſˮ
ˮŵģֱԭʹ÷ָһȴǴʧɫΪԼ񲻻ʹ÷ָһ
û뵽ͨɱֻͨжԷʹõӺܷӡ޷ӡͨɱϾǸһֻʹһΡ
ˮ뵽ԼĻ֮һ뵽ǰԵսоӡļʺС
ôʲôó
ƺܵ⣬ĺܵ⣬һֱͨɱȻҲãܸоˬ˵ͨǿǿĹһɱе㼦ߣܷӡɱ
֪Լͨɱʱǿõġ
ɱ㻹Ǻ׵ġ
ˮЦſˡ
ʵȫսѵͨʵͨ𣿡
˺ǺЦ
ˮҲЦˣȻʧԭء
Ӱ
ٶȾ
һ
ˮֱӳһ࣬ʹͨԽʵһ˶ԷԴϡ
綼ˣ
ӰһֱǾ䣬ϧһֻʹһΡ
Ӱһӵʱ䣡
һˣֶݵĳĬĿ
һϣ
ǰֻˣڣ˵仰еһǴͷˮȥ
һһҲֱӸȥȻҲų˹ȥûжĿһֱˮ
û֪뷨ɫͷβûκһı仯
ųˣˮһӣֱӳϿգ
֮񳯷
̤
ˮһĶʹ
䡭

֮
ֱһƬɫĻ棬ڵڱʯڵļ£·Եص׵Ҫһ
Ȼûڤǿ󣬵ܲ𣬶޵۷Щֱشùı̤ѣסֱӷջΪҽ
ϫӡ
˲ǰֱӳΪһƬ
ȻǰûӰ죬֮ȴǵĽĩա
ڤ
ǿڤҲʶģǾҲ㲻ǰ·赲Ϊһͻᱬը赲ǺѣǰٶȺܿ죬һʱһ뷨Ƕ㡣
ԵڤһʱѾشˣ⻹ꡣ
ԣ
һ޴춯صֱʧ˿Уһó˸оĩյˡ


1394 ŭĵˣһ
޴ıΧһֻֿŵĸоͨ˸ܵ޴ıըһɫڤըˣըһƬɫһ
ʧˣɱûκɱ޴ˮҲһ㶣û㣬о
Ե˶һˡ
ڤ
ϵ˻ˣĻˣĺ󻤷ң
һĹҵѾ˹ˣǿĸѾʱҲ˲ˣֻܴĺȡ
֮
ʱǸ˳ˣӰûжֻһӣһտˮעһĶٶȺܿ죬գۼ͵ڤǰ
ۣ
һƵڤٴըˣˮһ㶣󻤷۽ôܸܵڤƽⷽ
֮ǰǸҲ˻ȥҲͬ˻ȥ˵Ķ飬ʣʮ£ʣµĶǿߣǳҵߣǳҵȫˡ
ˮװˣ˸˸оʵ̫ˣӵе˵ˮое

ˮʶͨõ˰ͳȥˡ
󻤷ʱѷˣڱҪ򶨣򶨵ĿˮȻ󻺻˳
˹Ŀ࿴鵽һѾ޷ˣҲסޣ֪ô򣿡
˵ƽȴһֺǿĴ͸оϣһ﹥
סоܲסҵޣ
ˮЦſˡ
󻤷һĿˮ԰ɣܣ
˵꣬˫һĴ
֮ޣ
ͨɱ
Ҳ˫չ֮ģ
Ȼûбɱһȴðڵĺɫ棬շ·ȼû뵽֮Ļô

ˮͬһʱ֪Ĺǰġ
ڤ
ڤ

ͻȻտɫıΧסΧסĻеڤ
˱⣬ˮˣԼ֣ԼӦúѵסΨһҵڻӰ״̬
𽣣
ˮһ󻤷ɱȥ
̫ˣ
󻤷ҡͷ𽣺Լϣ
Σûˣսӡ֪㻹ʲôõó֣ûеĻҾҪˡ
󻤷ˮº͵˵
ɱϲöھȥöһľˮսӡҪսޱӡԸıսֵޱӡκ£ѪĿ
ְɣɱҡ
ˮ˵ȴһڱӡĵ˲Զһ޳֡
ˮ˻
ˮĻһĻǻ
ž
Ǿ޴ıֱӳһϸСƣȥҪٱܳ鱬ɡ
ȻôҾ·ɣ
ն
ǵڶͨɱ
󻤷ǳԽǧʵ
ȻˮѾֻһǧ߰µʵͨɱڣֱӽˮһɱ
󻤷սٶ͵ģ϶˲ġ
ԣ
һ֣ʱˮҲѪ٣Ϊ֪׻ᵲһ컹ûó
أ
ˮӰɳȥ˲ֳ˻ʱ޴Ѫ٣һþ޴ĲһĴֱܳӽ󻤷档
ʱء
һľ޴ı

֮ǰ³ЩڤըˣֱӽΧıըʧ߿бʾڵĵ˺ܷŭ
˵ϱˣˣ
ȼܵڤһ߿ļĽȻֱʮڤ򣬳ʽűѪе󻤷ȥ
ˮеģѪܶʱס󻤷ȻѪеҡҡ׼ļͲǿסʵһġ
оˮ֪˷ŭˣû뵽ŭ״̬µĵ˾Ȼһķڤ
һʼͷ㹥ʲô
ۡ
ԡ
һľ޴ıֱӽѪٰըʧˡ
ˮĿǰǿ󻤷ȻˣҲǰͨɱʹ˳ֻ㲻ء
ŭĵ˲û˶ͣһڤʣ༸ʮУдȥЩ˻ûд󻤷ľѹѾ֮һʧǰ
˲ֻǻ湥ҲǺǿ򣬻ϵڤҲ൱Ŀ£ֲٶȺϵڤ𣬾ͲЩܳܵġ

һڤֱ֣סǸ󻤷ͻˣ˾ɫбڤɡ
ͣʱûһˣûκһˣ޵ĵͣˮϿգʱķһС
綼ˡ
ˣˮûعǵ˵ǿ֮ǰӡ»˺Уڤƽӡ
ѵǴ˵еĺڷ𣿡
һ˻عе㼤˵
Ӧǰɣ㲻Ҳˡ
ûˣûˣ廹ô
ǰ˵ǵ͵ãҵ̫ˣӦ
ҽôȴôǿ˲ò࣬ǰôҲû뵽һοҡ
ǰ󻤷Ҳ

ˮˣҹ˹ȻŮԼħݽֱӴ¥صá
Ѿعе㲻ţججĻصãݽǸӣˮûбҪʵû˿Եס
֪ʱˮĻ񻹲ǵˣʱǵ˵Ļˮ֪᲻
ݽ޶ڣùţ첻š
ϴһˮٳʱ򣬼˶һ㣬ħҹ˹ҲǲˮȻԿ̶ֲȡ
֪ˮôֻиˣرĸˣȻǸǲܽܣõĽ֣˿˵ϣˮ
Ҳ֪ǲΪǸˣԼ⣬ӡָѾʧˣˮʹ÷ָˡ
ϵô
ݽеεЦ
ǸŮ˵Ŀתˮֵֹģˮǲ̫֮࣬ǰҲоˣΪ٣ڲֱ֪صĲ
ԭôҵôá
ԬЦ˵
ҹ˹ֻЦŲ˵
ħݽ򸾵ǶƺʲôҲ˵ֻǺȾƣ֮ǰˮһʱó˼̳ƣɱ¾֮Ҫȵơ
ʵҲ֪ôҲڵġ
ˮԬЦ
Ԭյ֪ҹ˹˵ҲܸܵԬ˵ˣԵԵֵĻһ˳Ȼˮɵߵһ
ͻƭˣϲƭ˴Ǿϲô
Ϣ˵֪ôһ󻤷󻤷һǿļ壬Ҳܿͻǰҡ
ˮ˵ҲΣһ壬ǣһȫ֪ǲǸͷҪҪɱ


1395 ļ죬ˣ
ˮڲɱֻǲɱѣǰʲôڽɼĻоܺЦоԼĸоܶѾԼӱܶܣֻǰߣһڵߵס
󻤷ļǿľ󻤷ˣ󻤷ļǰʲô鷳֯Ͳ˵ˡ
ݽʱ˵
Ŷ֪֯᲻ȥ
ˮݽЦ˵
Ͼ˺ܾãһǲģϾˮֵһ˰ѷ֯ɱֵôᣬ֯סֵġ
ݽ˵
ˮҲǣԼûԼ⣬Ѿ֯Ļôɱ󻤷ɱ˳ң֯Ҳ˵ʲôġ
Ҫˮѷ֯ڽ£ΪԼǰĵʯ˷֯ôݵͻᷢ޴ı仯飬ܶ࿤Ҳ˭ƿطݾͿûʵˡ
֪ľһʱȥˡݽ򸾻ħʱطˣԬպҹ˹ԼСѾͷڣٲȻһͥһ
ˮϤˣĸŮһСѾͷûҲճˮһЩӵĶܿģһЩʲôĶˮ̣ԺˮĹͨá
ҹ˹軹ûлеļįˮûиоʲôʱеǣ顣
Щʱˮ˵ȫҹ˹ϣÿ춼ѣΪ˺ӣҲǼϣˮܵǰδео
ԽԽоûϣˮҲοԼǸҽʦû⣬ֻмСһ㣬Դʱ䳤ˣܻлġ
鼱ʵǿ̶ȾˣԺʲٵˣԲ̫Ȱɣ

һνɾˮʱЦˣΪȻˡ
ˮĵ˷
죨򣩵ǰģпռλãÿλÿ¶ǰһΡ
λãûб䣬һλݣڶλڷݣλˮ˺ݵм䡣
һξһֻλãȴǶһ
˷촫֮⣬Դһһǰ
һˡ
ˮˣȻһˣһ´һˣһҲܴʮˣоǣȥһҲܴԲ˭ĻԴȥ
ˮˣ̫ˣԬȥھͿֱӴȥ
ǵĸ磬ľأ֪ǿԶ˻ǿԶλãǰʱء
һЩʱ䣬ˮʱ׿뷨ıﶼһϧûб仯ˮѾֶܵǴﵽһٽ㣬пһδҲпһ꼸궼
һζһ޴ͻƣ˵ԺƾڵҲСĴˡ
ֻҪ԰Ѽ˽ӹȥˣȿƣҪĻҲðѼ˽ӹˣֻе㲻ƽоʱüȫ
ٵȵȣԵĻʱüݣϾٶȱҪ첻٣ǵء
ȷݵľȶȷԼĴ֮˵ɣ
һƽĹȥˣ֯ûʲôжܶڹעһεĽչ
û˿ˮ˷ŭĳ˶оһսΪܶ˶о֯浲סˡ
ڶ죬Ǹˣˮ¶ɬЦһǿƵˣһκεĿˮ
ǰе͹ʵˣҵʵǿҵĹʧҳеʲôõĵطܿڣʲô鶼Ӧᾡȥɡ
үӲôЩ黹֪ôء
ˮЦʾ¡
ҲڣרŵŮչˡ
Ŷ˵˵
˱ǰ˺ܶ࣬ǰǿһĿˮڣȴҲǰˣߵΪ
֪ʲô򣬱Ϊǻܿҵġ
ˮֱ˵
鵽һ費һģ˵ǲʱһʵʱУų·ߡ
˵
ˮڵĿֲǷ֯ҲÿȫȻпܻȫûԸưͿǷϷǿͻ
ӻƷˮ˵Ļ͸о֯ǲϲϱңڳԸưͿϸˣˮûа취ʲôȻһҪҲܣֻڵվסš
Ƿ֯ڲ֪ܲˮֻǿޣˮܣûлͷǲ뿪ˮǿһնɱˮлеʡ
ˮ᲻ǿ
ᣡ
ˮϴһ˿ҵ΢ЦȻԼǿԼԸԲǵԸ
˼ң֯û˵ĻݻΪʲôӣ
ˮʵ
һ㶣һ˵·֯һУϲʲô·һеҪչ¶ʵ˭˷֯ͿԺĽһС
ˮҲԼ˷֯ôԼҪһԼûʲô֯ģϺɽѧڸС
ȻЩУˮо˭һжӦúԼӴɣΪԼͬ⣬ǾҪԼԼ
뵽ЩˮоеԶˣǿôͷ֯ɱɣԼȥһ˷֯ϳˣҲи˶ϵʱˡ
֯жӴˮ֪ǷݱǿĴڣǺܶģһһֻһ˺ͼ˼룬Ҳļ롣
Ҳ˼룬Ҷ˵Ƿ֯ģҪ˵֯ĳϡ֮ǼϳԱҲǶôӴÿһ˵ıźܶˣ񳵼ңֻ˼裬ҵʮλ߶ڷġ
ˮѾӴ󻤷Ҳ͸ҺͳˣһЩϹˮﲢֹۣԷ֮ԲΪǴЬģˮǹŵġ
ˮôᣬչֵʵȴǿԿҫ۵δڲòأɱˮˣǵȴĽҲԭһֱûг֣ȻԷ֯ʵǿնɱˮģǰǲҪܡ
ҸоʱǲҪͷƴ
ͻȻ˵
ˮŷҪҪȥû뵽ʱ˳Цʵ˼һǽˮɣ˵˵Ϊʲôȥ
ĸۺˮʵǿҲǺǿֻǷĵ̺ܷģҸҿ϶ⷬǰȥһֵ˺ô㲻ռϷ硣
˵


1396 ʥʯˣǿ
ˮ֪ɻǿԼ뷨ȻԾȷİյԼ뷨
ֻ뷨˵ⷬоֻ뷨ôˣԼòöԷͶʱԽ϶ԼԽкô
˼ң˵ĺеǾٵȵȺˡ
ˮЦ˵
˿ˮһ˿ͣٴαʾһԼݽ뿪ˣˮڸҪǱ뵽оеЦ
ϵܣʱҲﲻˣʦһʱ䡣
ħ΢Цſˮ
ˮһ㶣֪ҪԼˣڵҹ޼սĻӦû⣬ҹɼǾԲȺŹħһ˵ģϾ֪ԼħĹϵҲõġ
ҲãϸԼСĵ㣬¼ǵ֪ͨҡ
ˮЦ˵

ٴλָӣڵѾ͸ʱȫһˣǰһЩҴ忴ãͽᶼͽ᲻á
ܿһˮܿģǴʱʥʥʯȻһ
ʥʯ
磺һþÿɳܴĴơ
ЧԽˮУʱԽˮеԽǿҲɢȥһֻһˮʥʯùˮеôáࡢֳ


ţõĴʥʯȻһֱʹãΪûУЧܴΧƹ㣬û뵽ôʱȻͻˡ
Ȼһ磬ʥ¿ͷѵ֣ԺͻƷһ㣬ˮܿģͻһ磬ЧԱ֮ǰǿ˺ܶ࣬Ͼǰûо磬һԲǱȡ㡱ֻһô򵥣ûŮˣ㣬һܺõӣֻһŮˣ֮Ĳ˵ر
Ǵʥʯһ㼶Ĳ࣡
ºˣôʥʯݵˮҩݣҩʹõȣֻһ磬ҲӦÿʹ˰ɣֻЧȻо˵ĺãѧҪ֪㣬Ȼһûж硢ЧǿҪǺúõǰľ硣
ͷҲǵһ۷״̬ʱͻƣϸʮ겻ͻҲ
˵Ϣھ޴ͩϣոͻơʵȹ̣ڽʱ˵ʵȹ̣ѪҲȼʵӣսӡ
ûսĻˮõһֱɽոճΪˣܶഫҪա
ˮͻƣֻҪһͻƣоԼͿķſֽˣʵѾˣôʱ䶼ˣٵһʱҲΪ
ʱһιȥˣ֯ûжˮҲûжǴãʱ䣬ȥſ˿涨ܶ࣬ÿֻΪǳһ֣κ㡣
Ժܶӵп˿˶ϧһλᣬΪʲôĶǰʹãģȱľ˺޷κõˡ֢˵ȡ
ˮǰҲ˵ˣ֪ϧҲȣеͬʱҲһ֣Ҫǿˡ
ʱƳ٣ˮӰǳֱҽҲԽԽǿ
ſûжãڶˮܵǿϢһѵ֯Ҫˣ
ܿˮƷ֮ǰ뷨ΪϢһԼǿʧʶС̫һ֮
ǿ
ˮһϦɽһ㡣
Ԫ
Ԫı֣
ˮоģֻôǿǸأ
Ÿӵֱһ˳ȥ
λ˼ңʲôҪæ
ſڵһ΢Ц˵
˴ĺƣ·ȴǺܸɾص·ͨ˴Ķ磬Ҳͨˡ
洫ĺܶҽҲҪҽʦ
λ˼п˿ûоֻܵˣʱ䡣
̿˵
˿ܣ߰ɣͽ
˵ܲϣҲįûʲôͷ
磬ﴫԺܲ԰ɣҲ˵ˣλҽ֢κˣڿ˿ǿˣΪﲻø˲μӣԺҽΣβͬĲҪܸߵļǮ
ܲһֱɣҪǵȲأ
һȲľͻҽΣλ˼롣
ʱˮ˳Ц˵
ҽ
̻æ˵
ˮڰʾȥġ
ҽô᣿
Դһ˿ˮ˼˵
ʵ֮ǰҲҽᣬҲ˵ģȴû뵽ôᡣ
ûɣֻԪΡ
ˮЦŴͷ¥ȥ
ٴһŵĻ࿴һ۱ˮһ¥ȥ
ߵ·ԬҲˡ
ս㣬Ҳɣ˳㿴һ£ԺҪҽˣֻٵҽʦܳƵǿҽʦ
Ŀ٣
˺ţʱӦкܶ취ڻɵҽ᲻ԼͨˣԼܸԼٵ˻û
ҽʦҩʦѾܶˣҲ˽⣬ԱѾˣֲֵֻܣҲֻǱɻҽ뷨
ֻͻȻ˿ҽȻҲ˵ʵ
˼ңɣ
˻عֵݸˮ
ʵֻһʽˮȫòţˮǻϣͨҵͨһְĸܺͷʽ̸Ԭա
ǿˮõҲ꣬ǿǲܽеκȫӳ
νмһֱ֪ûУҲоҽʦ棬ǲܸԼ٣֮Ҳֵġ
˼ңڰҽûɣˮ˵ֱóһн룡
ûУһҲǵͷ
ս㣬Ҳְɣǰ룬ں棬ƽʱһˮЦŵݸԬһн롣
˵ǺƽһȴǻˡͣͣôоԾ㲻ŮҴְɡ
ֻǵһΰٶѣ˼Ҳü
ˮЦֱӿʼ롣Ԭ˺Ҳʼ롣
㣬ݣһҪֹ
ܣҪҽʦ
˱۾ƽ˵
һҧҧ촽ֻͣе㵣ĵĿš
õģԪҲûʲôʧһ˾׬ˣ˵أ
ˮƽ˵
ҽ֮
۾˵ǿĵЦ

һԵʲôҲû˵
룬̱Ԫǿһεζ̱ǵҺεγʱһԵԶһֻ֮ǰ׼õš
аʱֹͣˣֱӶųȥˮڷۣ򿪣ζ硣
磬оô
˼ʵ
ˮû˵Ȼ֮ûбҪ˵ʵֲ̫ˮҲֻǴκǣʶһԵͬʱҲǿߣϾϹһʲôԼˡ


1397 񣬽
ȻʣʵѾԼԼĸоˣֻȷһ£Ҫֵ֪ܣǻǧ껹䣬Ƿֵ֮ʲô̶ȣһԪ˶Ѿˣֲֵֻܣֻһֱʽһҽʦ
򲻸ˣֻҪŬͻתûع˺һҽǵ֮ҽۼҲŵġ
磬Σ
̲סٴʵ
˰˰Ԫʵеš
˵еκģϾе̫˼ˡ
̫ˣ磬ûˣҲûǮҲûʲôҵôλҽء
ֳֵʵ
ǰΨϹͷеôãҲǸŵطҽôֻҪܷС
˵ʱˮֵͨ˵Ļ
ˮһ㶣Լأû뵽ҪҪӡͻȻˮ۾һⲻõġ֡𡭡
Ԭʵ֪˵ʵˮ˿Լ΢Ц˵㣿ڿǵܶˣвɱء
ŶǾ͸Ӧˣ˭ֻҪڣ˭Ҳ붯Сҽһָͷ
Ǹ˵ֵܼᶨ˵ƺܷŭ
ߣҴҵطס֪λʲôã磬ơ裬ʲôġ
ˮ߱ʡ
ƺͲ軹Уϲԡ
˺ǺǵЦ
λүµĻͰﵱԼļңҲʱͻ뿪ֻе㲻ġ
ˮ¥ȥ
İɣͷڣİȫû⡣
˺ŵ˵
СҽõģϼһҲûбҲûˣ˴磬ǻ㵱׵һѺ˾ǵѺˡ
˵ֵ̬Ѿȷˡ
ˮˣû뵽Ȼ˴ջҽʦǿҽʦǲɹƵģܿ죬Ѿ¥ʣµķܶ࣬ķ˵һķһ
˼ң⡣
ˮЦ˵
̫ˣöûסķˣʵЩ⣬иطסС
˺ǺǵЦš
ñĲ˵ԵľԻλү⣬Ժǵס
ˮ뿪ջֵָӦкܶ໰Ҫ˵ҲͲ˵ʲôˡ
ѾǣܸܵѾ˺ܶණܿͶ飬˲Ż
Էʱˮó˺ü̳ӺþƣӡԼࡢز˵һӣ磬˿Ρ
Ŀɿڴˣ֮ǰʵҲŵ㣬û侳ĳ󣬶ҿɫȫķ˸оˡ
ƾ͸û˵ˣһٷֱ˸ӸоԼʵ̫ˡ
ˮ²ٵľơ裬ʲôģרһеˣֻҪİȫʲôҲ

֯һֱûжˮо˵ĵһйϵһһ˵ȫᴫ֯֯ǿߣֻҪһ֪
Ѿʹˣ֯εˣһ˸ƨҷţֻͷڹһ
С˵ģܶ඼ܵʧҲû˸Ŀŵ۱ͷ֯ˡ
һ֪˭ģ֪Σû֤ݣοùҲǰ
ûĸֻºе飬竣иĴԣһЩֱӾҥԣҥԴĶˣʱ䳤ҲˣЩǷǷǵģûпıҪ
Щ飬е˻ţе˲ţܶôҲţôŵ飬ʵҲ˲š
һˮܲʣں˵ĿοҽʦݻΪȡܶ˵˵û˶࣬Ͼ˶࣬оһдҲ˵ˮãΪõˮ
õĺڵƿˮͳ˶˵ˮĺá
һܺߣ˵Ƿ֯ĸңˮҲûаʲôӣֱ¥
߶Ƿĸңһɫӣһֻķˣ˶ߵӣѩ׵ͷüëܳһɷǣһĸо
λɣ֪ǰν£
ˮЦ˵ϸɸɾˮҲûǺȡ
λ߿Цһ£֮ǰһʹΣ
ˮ֮ǰ뵽𰸣Ǹоֵģĵ̻Ǻܷḻģû뵽ھȻԼս
˵𣬲ԺҶԷ֯֡
˿ˮ֪ǸҲسŵˣǽԷҲûйϵ
ñףˮЦˣ֮ǰҲԣϣ֯ԺҪңǾˮˮ֪вУ
ҿԱ֤֯˾ȥǷһ⣬֮ǰ⳥
óһռݸˮ
ˮҲûֱӽռŷ֯ĶӦòҲãԼԸǷŵѪ

λһߣˮֱóռȥ൫Ҳ٣һľǺ֮ǡ
ˮЦˣⶫǺöʱ͵õһţеСۣǽˡ
ֶ̫ѵˣû뵽ڵõһ飬֮ǰһֱԥǺͱǽһûǺ;һãһ飬ˡ
ʣµļȫǵҩҩݣˮϤҩݣܿͿĵЦˡ
㻨𡢺ǡӥۡ
ţˣ
ҩ͹ЧˮǼǵú

ҩ㻨𡢺ǡյС
Ч˲Ѫפագ
ʥҩҲ֪滹иӦҲܺӰɣϾֱյϣˮоⵤҩǲפϱϻҪúܶడ
ʱ䣬ɴɾʼơ
һЩ飬ΪĲǺܶˣӦÿˣû뵽ԽԽǧ飬ۻɣ
ˮгֵҩϲʧܣһҲһܿƳɹˣһʱ䣬ʱˮоĵҩƺǶô
򿪺š
Чһˮ׷

Ч˲Ѫפագ
ֻеһſפգԺֻˡ
Եֱ£ʱῪǽЧͽһ
ˮֲʵĸоֱֲҩ
ýǽҲˣҲǲϾ㻨𲻺ңҲˣҲʡˣǺ£οɾУʱԭԺõĲ˰ɣ


1398 ٴ
ˮûгԣⶫҪաפյģʵûȤפյʱǰ꣬ݼֵѾǲɹˡ
ˮоļֵפյļֵӦñ˵ļֵҪߣֻŮϲԼഺפʵҲһ
ʲôʱ򶼲ףԶӾԵĶһò绨ŮҲϲһᾫ׳ʲôһ׷ԲԵͷͣǷӾȱһЩˣȫӾԵģһŮʱ׷ԲʱƳ˹ֵʱ򣬾ͻϲܹȤˣòҪڴ½ѾױӣϾĻǰͬˡ
ˮȻҲϣԼʱ䳤һ㣬Լʸţһ˵ʱðɣԺȱʹõĻᡣ
ˮֱӽŽȥȻٴƣм
ȽһЩͣó֮ǣܼϾⶫ̫ǿˣΪЩӦҲһ硣
ˮյ˳õ˵һĻҲյֻ˭ܱ֤һһء
룬Ǿĵľ磬Ѿֲܿˣһ磬ԼҲǿڴ½ˡ
ֻǼ֮һݻҪУһ̫ˣޣһܰ·ϣǿҲҪܳʱ䡣
һЩޣħ꣬ˮſµͨڿƺҲǿͨһǴ󷨣ЩһֻдƾõļУڵĴ͵ľȻܲ󲿷˫ҲһѾ൱ֲˣʹÿδͶҪٵ
ˮҲͼʶԶŴʹⶫȷʵ棬ֻѾ˿촫ʹˣʹõĶġ
ӵдĺ٣Ҳ¶ԬվϡͿĵ˷ݣʵǸʹ󣬿ϧǵģܽһҵǸϵ˫ʹ
ƺܼ򵥣ȷʵѣѣ
кܶ˵֣ͨźˮľвֻ࣬ÿֻʹһΡʹǰսУҪʱ׼սлϺʹá
ʹóҲҪʱ䣬ԴϣϲˣֻһͲʹͨˣľҲͬ츳ʾйϵ
ʵԽǿҲǿʱ˵ѾôǸ⡣
Ϣһʱ䣬ˮʼú֮Ǻ;ƣʥʯˮ֮ʯҲǷ֯Ǹ˸ģͺ֮һ𣬾һһʮ֮ʯ
ˮƽʱǻǧҲϰ죬ֻǶٻٵȻ´죬Զû˿£һƳء
Ĺ̿ȴֽţΪʧ֮ܺʧ̫ĵľǾĲ𻵣Ȼһʧ˵ĻˮĶˡ
Ѿϰ˾ĵĴڣͻȻûˣˮƻƵѪ֮ʯɹӲ٣ʥʯݵˮ֪ܲɹʣʥʯոһ磬Ȼżʱ䣬ɾȴǹ˺ܾˣԽݵˮҲһЩ
׼ˮͿʼ
һαϴλҪ˳ôԼȥʲôطʱٶȾͿֹȥҹ˿Ҳʡȥһʱ䡣
̫ˣξɹҲҪµʱ䡭
һ졭
ˮľ߶ȼУϹŶеת£ʶȫ򿪣ƿŻһĽ֮С

ʱ䣬ʱһö񾭱ˮһӷûΪ˯ȥ
ں˷ܣҪڵԺϢɣ
ģ
ݴ½ǳƬ;ƶɣĪ
ٶ屶ļ屶ʵҲֺսС
ǰٶıļıٶ屶ļ屶Ҳ𻵾ġ
У߶ģУ˲佫ﵽһֱϵİ֮⣬ǰģÿʹʮΡ
ЯΧ֮ڵһ壬˺Լ
ʹ۵ȼ
ˮЦˣٶһ޴Сһһս̫ˣˮٶȱʵǿ˶죬ֻһľͲ˺ܶࡢܶ࣬ټϾŹǲʲôսɱͬҲֻ
ٶȾΨ첻ƣֻҪٶȴﵽˣԷһʵҲӲ
оǾоһҲһ֮ǰʱоˬһ֮䴩Ѿ㲻ʲôˡ
˾ĵı仯ˮֱϢȥˣ
һξǰ£ˮɣµʱѾ˹С
˹ϵҲܺãֻǲ˵ȴǺˮ˵һ仰ˮһʱé󿪡
ѾͷԽ

ǰﲢö˵κ˶ö˵˵һѵ֮󣬸ı˵ķʽƽʱ˵ʱ򣬻ǿ๲ͬ˶ķ˵ʱ򣬾ѵ֮򢡢촽պϵ״̬֮£Ͱ
ڴ½ȴĿø˵ֻǰû뵽һǿ߾ưͣҲԱƳֻ˵һѡ
ûСҲûΪҪԪȻԪƳڸγɡ
ڴ½棬ǧﴫܣο뵽Щˮܿģϵ˵л
ˮǲҪߣŮǿԼһҪǾΪٸߡ
ƺ
үӣҲԣͺҳһԺԲˡ
ˮЦ˵
Цˡ
үӣҪȥһΣ鷳ˡ
ȥɣģﲻκµġ
ˮҪһˣԼʣԬһҽʦԬҲˡ
һЯһˣԬջȥһΣ뻹ǾǺԬһ¡
ҵԬյʱڳϿˮе㣬˫ԣһȺһȺģͻȻˮоŮҲܹ¶
֪ǲǻؼңҲͺҹ˹ϵףԼˮ֪ܴﵽʲô̶ȡ
·ܵˮˣͷҲص˵ҵģء
ˮűߵߣôˣǲؼˡ
Ԭձӷ᣺Ҹ󻵵ͲܲҺòײŲˣ㻹ᡣ
˵ŵԬоӨΣܿ˼Σһ̾һʻڵлһûôţԿڵ㲡


1399 ŮˣԬջؼң׼ң
ˮû뵽ԬշӦô󣬵һҲ˽⵽˼ҵĸоӳӲȱָоرǻؼҵ;У޲ֱһӷɻȥ
㲵ľµˮְ飬һʱԬֱһĵ
ˮֻķ۱ʲôҲû˵ѹֺܾˣйһҲǺ£ûȰķйһ
ãԬ̧ͷ۾ģƺöˣˮе㲻˼˵ǲǺܳ󣿡
ûУҵǸоͦɰģޱӵСѾͷܿɰƯ
ˮЦ˵
ſޱӣҲСѾͷұ󡣡
Ԭպ޺޵˵
ԬȻ˵ȴůһĸоǰԼźܶصλãܾǰʹڵλãžԵΡ
һŮһˣԵΣⱾ⡣
õû
ˮЦ˵Լǰ󶼱ʪˡ
Ƭʪһ˿ΣŮһ˻ޣ˾ˣҲһѡ
û£㿴Цˡ
Ԭƽȴǲû뿪ˮĻ
һﻹɣ
ˮЦſԬա
Ůֲߣռһֲһ⡣
Ԭˮһۡ
ˮһ㶣û뵽ԬҲ˵ô뺷ĻֽסһŮ˱㣬ʵѾ˵˺ܶණ֮ʵѾе㸴ˣҲͲô࣬Ѿ˵ԻȻһЩҲα
뻳ԬհĿˮļϣˮӢĲһе
Ԭ΢΢̽ͷˮһ¡
ˮһ㶣ϵоûʧϦļˣѸģˮܵԬյúܿ졣
ͷҿˮˮеЦŮֵɫǺ˵ģϳرǿҡ
֪ԬٶѾ˺ܴľģ΢΢ͷöͷĶͷĻ̌˼ıӶֱͦǡ
ԬճĽëƺҪˮ۾һգһգܻңϣƺԾͳ
ˮĴȥ绨һ촽ۡ㣬˱Ĵ꣬
ˮĴʱԬ̲סһ۾յĽģ˫ƺƿˮ·ֱ§Ӧĺܲƽ
ˮ§Ԭյ»ȥǷԲʱɿˣˮͷֱӹӵء
һֱԬմʱˮ뿪Ѿе΢͵ķ۴ԬеĲҿˮ
𣿡
ˮЦ˵

Ԭˮһ¡
ܼǲˣҪҸˡ
ˮ
ˣˮ˵˳Ȼϲ㣬ȴǻе˵ĸоٵȵȺⱲҼһ㡣
Ԭ˵仰ܸӣһֱԼ˵ԼֻԼһŮˣѾ˲ֹһŮˣԼȴǻҪɶ˻һ
ģԶǿ󣬶㡣
ˮЦ˵
ǲˣ
ԬСĵĿˮʵ
ˮֻû뿪ֱǷ鴦һ¡
ž
еңȴֱӽԬմɫͨ죬һ˵Ȼ
ԭеһҪӴ̼ȡ
ս㣬ҽҪؼһΡ
ˮ˵
ţ·ҪСġ
Ԭ˵
ҪҪһȥ
ˮʵ
Ԭһƺףˮ֪ˮ仰ʲô˼
а취һȥȥ𣿡
ˮԬʵ
ԬճԾĿˮģĿ𣿡
ţԣң룬һʱصҡ
ˮЦ˵
Ҫȥ͵һˡ
ԬεĿˮ
ãȥ˵һȻһȥ
ȥ𣿡
ֻܴһˡ
ˮҲ˵Ҫż졣

ˮԬճݵʱ򣬻ݣԬղŵĿһУˮСŮݡ
ǿ
ǿˮͣȻгˡ
ս㣬ȥɣҾͳҵҼҲݡǣɣ㻹ȥݵĻҡ
ˮ˵
㻹ڹң㲻̤ǿǻ𣿡
Ԭһʧ䡣
ûУôС𣿺ȥɣ
ˮЦ˵
ôԭңҶˣͲܴһ𣿡
Ԭסˮһ¡
ɵѾͷҲôСǼˣֻҪʮ飬ҶǳģҵŮ˲ϲԵŮˡ
ˮЦŹιǡ
˵ˣңһȥģŮˡ
Ԭ˵ֱӳŵ뿪ˡ
ˮʩչҸȥƬ̾Ѿ˼ſڡ
ÿλؼҶһϲ飬ȻһѣԽԽˣڤڶѾˣҲһװˣǸСӺˡ
ҲǺܸʺͲ׺رҲе
һҶ軹ûϢȻѾµˣˮеǣ⵽ʱҶ֪ȥҡ
չˣ⵹ͦģˮһδ㽻ģǿ˵ҪرߣƺרΪ֮ʺ׼ġ
ȻչأǾ´ΣҲţһδԬջģȻһξͿԴһȥˡ
˵ļ룬ˮоڷݿ˵Ѿվ˽ţ㽫ǨȥϾʺ
һ˶һ֣ˮԼ뷨˵ʱĬˣ϶Цݣ޵ʲô
ˮݲǿ̫ˣǵԱûУ鷳ǼҴ󲿷ϲߵ̫Զɣ˭ȥǱߵģҲȥȥľˣҲϤˣϰˣ˵ﻹбˣҿҾɣʵĻҲԹȥ㿴Σ
ˮ˵
ˮ˵Ҳã¸¿ʼһֻܴȥһˣԵʱ
ܿģرԡ౴ˡ
Ҫ⣬»ȥˣҸׯ԰λҪòԶֱӾУֻռһ¥оӦùˣǿ¡
ЩˮҲˡ
Ҫ뿪ȻҪҺҲ٣ǰǰΣ˵һ£Ǽ־

죬ԬˣһҲ֣ҲʶԬյģ㣬ʵܺúܺõѣ㱧ŵĺʱһ㶡
СѾͷƯʲô㣬Ǻþûˡ
ԬսסŵŮҲرĿģˮ֪ԬջؼҵΣͨɫ֪˵ɫ˺ܶࡣ


1400 İңҷݳǣ弶
ԬҴ˰죬ˮһص˷ݣֻһλҹ˿Ȼˣȥѻ￴Ҳá
Ѿһڴӷݳǵҹ˿Ҫʱˣɵķǰûκ
ҩȥѾһҽʦˣֻǲһɵ棬ˮԬ֮ҩȥˮԬմкСˣȥ֪ͨ
˵ܾϲ˵æ¥ȥ
ҩȥѾˣ֮ǰȻҩӣûеλⲻӰİһִڲɢİͳûйϵҽ
ϳҽԼʲôҲûˣֻû뵽ˮѻ껹Ԭգÿһǿִɲ˵ôļ򵥡
һ̿ʼôӿʼѾʼıˣϵǷݰʧˡ
ÿ˶ǽģֽóģǰˮǰʱһ仰˲аһҪаǡ
˵Ĺ壬Ǵ·һЩֹʲôľܳΪ壬һֹʣĳԲϷǹ壬һеĹɹ塣
Ҳ
ѧ˺ܶණԵһΣｫıһ
ڿԺƽλãûбҲܿģνҩѾвôء
ǰܴҩҵõЩʲô»ҩңνЩǮĲƸѾûٷУûǮоԼȱǮҲǰôϲǮ
һʵϵĽϵ۽
ϵˣߣһȥ
ѻ꿪ĵĶҩȥ˵
ѻܺãҩȥоѻʦڴ½ʦǺ𾴵ģҪѻԼһóɸҩȥ
ˮٸҩȥʲôʱˣѻ֪ҲþԼˣȻԼֻȡһɣϾһЩʲôĶҪˮ
ʵˮ֮䲻ô棬ϾһжˮģԼҽҲͲܴﵽ߶ȡ
ϵܣһΪϸأôʱҲ
ѻ꿴ˮĵı˵߸ˮһܱ
ôأߣȥġ
ݳǵҲˡ
ѻ꿪ĵ˵
ϸ磬ݳܶ࣬ԺᱼԣҪѰһЩǿҽʦǱҽʦ
ˮЦ
İϵܣţˣȥڵҽҲܶһˡ
ѻЦ˵
ϸģȫ㣬ȥɣҲЩҽʦ
ˮҲõٺô
УҪһɣҶҪˣҪȥѴѵıǮЩǮ򲻵ġ
ѻҲϵ˵
Ǻˣ԰룬ڲӦǾ֮ûֵˡ
ˮ˵
ѻ˵ʲôֻεĵͷ
ϸ磬ǾȻݳˡ
˵Űһռѻ꣬ʲôҲУȫġ

ˮԬʹþݳǸȥ㹻󶼸ѻ꣬ѻҩȥͲˣѻ궨ҩȥãȻҩȥɵĻǲ뿪ġ
ˮݳǵÿ֮ǲǴԺ󿪵Ͱø˭
ŻݳǷȥԬպʵ
֮ǰΪҹ˿ֻһãҲãöһЩϧǿҽʦҡ
һǣˮݳΪһӪҪݳǣһǰ
ϺЩҡŲĽ飬ҵȾˮѣǷ֯ģڵķ֯ԲԼȻҲͲԼͶˡ
ʱԽϾͻԽԼϴκͷ֯죬ˮֱ˵Լû˭ΪУҲûдͳһʲôݣԲõǸ͡
˵ЩҲЩΣգ֪ˮѼǨĻǶԸⱣ˵İȫ˵ˮﰲȻǲѼ˽ˮһã˭Ҳκβ
ݳʱҵļ˿ܻģҵĸһͿˣֻһҽʦҲ¿ûкʵˡ
ˮЦſԬա
ʵѾ˵˵Ĺϵ˵ˮ̬ȣҵĸԬΪһصλá
ţһģҪȥˡ
Ԭеį˵
оģ׵ġ

˵˻ףҪʱ䣬һֻܴһҪܳʱģˮȴһЩˡ
ʱһδĹ⾰ȥˣʱ䣬оŸ˷ݣѡԡ౴໢ݺӡ䡢ࡢᣡ
ݳ֣겻ˮ̵˰ˮ̵似һǧҲٶȿĿֲ
ﵤҩ֣ˮһֱڡ
ûͻƣֻһ˿ЩʱˮʵҲ˺ܶ࣬ʵõȹ̣ʵҲ˺ܶ࣬սӵĿֲ
޵Ҳ뿪ˣˮȥǱͲõģҲûк֮ǣǴӦˡ
Ȼˮò׺¡ŮֻкӵģСҪʮ죬еѶȣĹ⾰СӶ˺ܶ࣬˫͵ĺӻеСʱֻϡ
һҹ˹ˮҲԴһˣֻλݣʱҲֻȥˮҲʱе
ʱ䣬ԬҵһҽʦһˣܾãΪԼβԼ壬λһֱڸԼҽΣһֱûκá
Ԭκ缲ŴӦãҩݺ͵ҩϵǿ˵ļǿݳǵҡ
ݳǵĴңƽʱܵ͵Ϥ֪ҵĵ̺ܷǿ͵ļһûȥǵģҲ뾺Ҳôʲôߵýһͨһ
Ҵµҵܶ࣬ҩݡҩҪġ
ҵĵλܸߣȻǼҺŽᣬ˵ĵλҲѷɫ٣Ͼҽҩҫ۴ڡ
һҺҲ˺ܽݳǿʵ֪ڣһһܵ͵ȴǵ͵ļ塣


ɾˮ췢Ŀ죬һЦˣǸˡ
죨򣩵ǰ壬пռλãÿλÿ¶ǰһΡ
λãûб䡣
ϴεľ飬ˮֱӿ
˷촫֮⣬Դһǰ˵ʱ޷޴͡
ˣˮЦˣºˣԽʡܶʱ䡣
Ҳ˲һ꣬ԣʱ䲻̣Ͼˮɾ
ҹ˹裬첻ôģķԭ򣬲̫ܲˮٶȱһЩҹ˹ٶȱ˺ܶࡣ


1401 ʯҹ˹٣
Ҳѩ̿ˣѾıһһˣͻҲһ޴ľϲˡ
꣬Ŵġ
ҲǺ³˫ʯľҲһһٶȺ󷨵󷨵
Ѿܿˣ¾ĺʯˮʵܶ࣬еսεģȻʱˮʵҲ١
ʱĹȥˮͻͿٶһǿǿߣˮʵҲõһ
ˮ뿪һֻǿޣڣһֻǿ޻ӵķġ
ˮˡ
佹ˮķ˵
ôʱˣҲˣȥ˲Ҫŵ
ˮϽȥ
ҹ˹ﵽ龳ʱ䲻ˣҲͻˣ֪Ҫˣе㵣ģرĵģϾúܺá
ҹ˹ڸһɽϣˮվԶһλÿš
ҹ˹һѩ£㷢һɫʩȴɢһ˵ĳϢ
ɫƲڻۣԼХˮһο١
ʵһأǰͻƱһģǽ׵壬Źȥǿȴߣǽһؾ
ڸߴƵǰľͻ٣ֻʵﵽ˲٣粻絽˲ȥƱҲ١
ͻȻһɫ׵ϸëһֻһһҹ˹ϡ
ܣ
ϸ΢ҹ˹ϳǳɫĹΣ岻ĵſе׵һĵ塣
ˮʶſҹ˹仯ڿĲǺԶҲ
ʱ䣬ҹ˹ϵɫɢȥеƲһƶٴλۣһθо۵֮ǰҪǿһЩ
ٴϸ׵ʱۿ֮ǰ׵Ҫһ㣬ֵҲֻ޵һ㡣
ٿʼе׵дںĿжԿһʼֻǵôʧȥȹٵĻᡣ
һʼʱ׵綼Сޱȣ͵һԿԺգĺô޿ɹƵġ
ֻ׵磬ɳĴ֮󣬽ٶȹȥĿԾʹ󣬳һЩޱǿˣֱӽе׵档
ӵʱ󣬿׵ѾСĴָϸѾʮѾеֲˣžرࡣ
ʱҹ˹ѾȫգյһЩȻסһЩ
پǵסЩ׵ͬʱһЩĸ죬ȫôҲԶȹֻЧܲΪٺҲһ㣬ֻ΢ա
ȫգҲǲܣû˵˭ٵ׵ȫյ
ղˣôֻһʧܣ
˿Ϊٵ˵ʮǸʵӣ˵ˮΪҹ˹赲ٵʮҹ˹Ϊ׼ˮΪ׼൱ҹ˹ھ׵ʮҹ˹ԡ
Դ½ΪԷ٣ǵĶˣֻҪȥٻǻ֮ǰ˵ϡ
ҲֻһֻܿԼ
ٻڼһʼѾʱˣ׵ĴϸƺСĴָϸѾﵽʮ

ҹ˹һֻ׻ʱΪֵһ׵磬׻ʵҹ˹ǿ
ɰ׻ʱˮڵģҲǽѾҪΣգˮһȥˡ
ãǺܺõģûгĵ龳

ҹ˹һֻ׻ˮڵĶͷѾٲô򵥵ģΪʱµ׵ԽԽ࣬ƺֹһ㡣
ˮʵûо٣ԭе⣬Ҳ֪᲻׿ЩͷǵĵĿҹ˹衣
ˮ⣬˵ƾҹ˹ʵʣȹһٺ׵ģû뵽ô鷳ԽãʵԽǿҲԽ
ҹ˹Ѿȫİ׻۳е׵ȴԽԽ࣬ˮҹ˹ϵƣһ˿
˫ȭԾҹ˹ٻʧܣҲʧܣֻҪܽҹ˹٣ȹȥôɹġ
ڵȵȣǵûκΰ취ʱ
Ծˮǰ˺ܶ࣬ѾٵıԵ


1402 ͻƣˮ٣ʵ
ͻȻһĸоҹ˹ϵһ˼һ
죡
ĸоʱʮٵ׵ˮȥ
޺
Щ׵絽ˮϣֱӱˮѸգˮоӦòΪҹ˹迹٣ΪҲڼֻǱɢһЩ׵硣
ˮҹ˹ɫ䣬ҵҪˮ뿪Ȼ֪ٵĿ£ֻһԡ
С裬ûиܵϵĲһԵ飬ͬģϽ𡣡
ˮЦ˵
ҹ˹һ㶣Ȼ£ĵĿˮһΪ콫ԿԷһ졣
ǷĸԵôܳҪ֣Ҳܸ㵲һ˭㡣
ˮº͵˵ûְеֻ˿˿۵顣
Ҳ֪ˮļ룬ٵ׵ȻдĴָϸҲӣˮʱ׵壬ʵ˺ܶࡣ
ˮҹ˹ٴƣֱгˡ
ڻϵޣǷѪԶ׵ĵֿǿ˵еĵֿǺǿ
ˣˮ뵽ޣæٻ
һˮٴγһ׵ÿֲݣҲڷ΢ı仯ֱ仯ٶȼۿ
ˮɴֱӰѽͷ˳յ׵ɡ
ˮһμ٣Ҳ֪ٵԱؾٶҪԺٿ⡣

ˮе㷢ˣͻȻһƲȥǧ֮׵ֱŽȥ

һĺ쳹أһΧ׵練ʧˣڵĽȴǰź׵ֱӳ˿еĴƲС
ž
ˮе㵣ĵĿſУ֪ΪʲôͻȻ
ҹ˹Ҳǲ⣬һƣߵ˲ڱһ㣬ڸоɣһ̾ӵһ㣬֮ǰȫ־ڼ֡
ֻžʱƺڿеƲֻܿһƺڱڡ
ԣ
һ죡

еƲֱըˣɫĽڿУδһԶ׺ϢΧ֡
ǹ׺Ϣ𾪣ڵˮоļ¡
Ϣ龳ɲӵеģ˴ĸоˮ𾪣˷ܡ
ͻˣҲ֪ͻˣôʱһֱͻƣȴһֱûжûͻƣȴ漣ͻˡ
ˮһգգĿſлɫľ޴󣬲ʱķһְ
ͬһʱݳһܶ˶ܵɿµϢֹϵϢֻš
ֻǷݳǣݳǻкݵĺܶǿ߶ܵϢ˷ݵһЩ⣬ĵطΪǿ޽ɹоǿңϢҲ̣ܶһʧˣڴ󲿷һ˿Ķѡ
һֱںսǿѣǿ޵ֱͻ᲻ˬ
ģϵɫɢȥ¶ԭĽɫ޴壬ʱĽӾ޴Ϣֲʹͷĸо
ްһֳִֵ޴ףǿž޴ͷˮһ
ǣ
ŽӲӵľ޴¹һرۣǰҲнǣǺСҲӵģڲĳͣǡ
һ޴ͻƣˮûüԼٵõʲôôȲͨ
ıʵﵽ˿ֲҪǿ󣬾ͻ龳ĻʵӲ٣ʵûһͻƵĽǿ
֮սõһٱʵ
ٱͻһˮоﵽٱƺһؿڣԶͣˡ
çײʮ޲𹥻ʮĿꡣ
û䣬˲٣ѾˣԽսûжô
̤Բ磬ʮʵĹһļΧĿ֫ľѣΡ޷ж
ٴˡֱӷһ
˲ǧ֮˲Ծ
ս˲һɵԷǿɱĿɵٶȣһʱ
շħʩչǧ֮ڵĶĿ꽵һɵʵĿ겻Գʮʱһʱ
սûб仯
ͻ˲䷢ʮĹĿ꣡
ԭʮ屶仯ڵʮˮѾеľˣ̫ǿˣ
棺µĺ󹥻джƼ׵Ĺͬʱеٶȡ
ۼףսķ͹Ӿűǿ͹ĸ
ۼ׵Ҳ˺ܶܶ࣬Ϊ龳޵ĽҲǶǿ
֮֮ǿľѹƣѹʵһɣĿʧȥսѹƲǾԵġģս
֮ģǿԼʵٴ󲿷ֵĲ״̬
ʵʱ䲻ѾˮߣԸܵ󻶿ĲˣڽĵɱǿĿԴﵽǧ
սޣһȫܵսޣõĻͿԽѹƵʵԼ٣ѣΣȺսҲпֲĵɱ
ˣ߶ɹٵҹ˹裬Ů˻ԼĸԵΪĳ֣Լӿ˺ܶܶ࣬Լӿ췢չʮꡣ
оô
ˮҹ˹ʵһѾ˾Ӧúܿ̽顣
ҹ˹ֱ÷ȥ
뿪ʱʱ䣬½½˳ܶ˶ʧ顣Ϊ޵ϢֱӳСģҲŻôó
صãˣ֪ҹ˹˳ɹٺǺܿģҵǿʵٴһأΪҹ˹軹а׻
ûʲôֻ֣͵Ŀҹ˹裬ҲſģôʱѾﵱ˼ңоܰů
ͻˣˮоܿҪ뿪ˣҹ˹ĵĴһ˵ʲôˮѾɾ
ͻƷˮʵҪһҲǿҴ⣬״̬ú󣬿ʼʵ
һصľƤƵʱһɿ񱩵ˮд𣬼ͬһʱ䣬ɾϿѸγһ߲ơ
ˮȻûۣȴǿʶһʲô٣٣
ˮ˼ʱ򣬵еĽС˴ʱ·һ㣬оɽһűǽ²죡
ԣ
һһһֱ߲ˮϣʧͬһʱ䣬ĽСһӽǵֱӱˡ
һ¾͸оСƺʵһ㣬ӡ
е߲绺£òû̫վ͹ȥˣʵҲˣһôɵôǿʵ
ˮһڵıʵ;ˣ֮ǰϺҲʮʵ˽ʵҲ
ˮıʵﵽһıʵ
ˮ֮ǰҹ˹ٵ׵֮ټ֮ǰ߲µ߲׵硣
ʵˮæȥ£һˮٴαϲֱκ
߲ʵӱʵʮʮʵžһʵ
ôˮʵﵽʮɽﵽ߰ʮʵ
޺顢߲ʵ𡢾žԼ֮ӡ´ﵽǧʵ
֮ǰʵֱӷıˮҲ֪ҪΪ߲ƣǰʶҲһϢ
٣
ˮĻʵһһ٣ٴηˡ
ٺٲֻ࣬ǺҲвͬﵽֻ֮Ҫʵͻ٣ҲһֺЧһ壬ɲȥĻҲֻ
һٲʵȹ̣߲ʵӵǿˮͲö٣ϧҲǻһʵͻͽĻԺҲ٣ٵǿʵӵĶйϵʵӵԽ࣬پԽ
׿Щͨ
ͨ
ףˮȫﵽʵҿÿֵһ
һÿʹһһʵ
ӰٶÿʹһΣʱһӡ
ţһͨ
ˮ﷢滹и
תʹսʱ̵֮һٶ
ˮھЦȵصĸоǸ󻤷һһֱӺɱΨһˬһֻʹһΡ
ǿǿԴﵽֲǧ
̫ˣˮое졣
ǲһڵǿȣ󻤷ͨɱԼûãƶԴԼķ


1403 չһҶǿ
һֱ˺ܾõͻڵˣѾԽˮԤƣεʵӴĳԽ󣬱ΪܴﵽǧͲˣͨԼָӦܶľ档
ǿߵĸоǺãνո˵ˮǰҲֻ֪ڿԺܺõĸָооԼȥǰܶ಻ĵطš
һֱϤȹԼʵɾʱ꣬ʱѾƻˡ
Ѿʼѧˣһȫڽ̵ˮİһеõͻͽķչһֻǿޡ
ҵѾ½ˣ͹²ҲˣǺһ˶ЩˣͰԹЩǵĺˣˮҲǽӵݡ
ֻҪʱ䳤£ǰͬԪܳ
ˮҲ֪žȻҲĴа֮һҲݽޱ޼ʵĻԭС
޽㣬ֻ򣬷ݺԼݶռһ򣬻һһƬߡɽءɳĮɭ֡Щط޺еĵطһЩһᱻеʵųĶ档
ˮ֪Ĵа֮ǲʲôϵ˵˵ĵ˾ѣҲ⣬ҲֵεģԣˮҲ֪ʲô¶ǾԵġ
˿ˮ̲סһܿͿĵЦˣϼһֶӦòĶˡ
Ӵôʱ䣬Ҳ֪ˮǿǿµĹڸܵˮʵԥ˵仰
һ˵ʵϾޣԺүӵĵطܶܶࡣ
ˮЦ˵ԺͤкȾơ
˺þãܺãھǵļң㲻ҪҲỤȫ
˿ĵ˵
û֣˵ˣˮֱӺүӺͶү
ʱĹȥݵԽԽ࣬Ҳ׺¡ڤƶˡࡢȶˡ
һοԴˣʹ˻Ҫʱ䣬֪ǰȥˡ
ˮʵеû̫ȹʵսرǷָʱȥݺɾʱ䶼˵ʵϡ
ѾΪһصڣ͵ãû˸ȥãȻϤ֪׵ҲţˮСϺҲһʶֱӳȥˡ
ʱ䣬ˮʵûôָȴǵõһʵķԾǷָһ޴
ʵûôսȴ˺ܶ࣬ˮ˵ĽȴͻͽģͼŮǿѾǿˣŮΪѪѣʵȹѸٵӣټˮ˵İԪƽƵѾʹˡ
ֻҪʹЩҩʵֻ⣬ȻһֻʹһΣ˫ҩһԼԪʲôģЩӵʵǺǿġ
ˮԼඥöܻͻƣȻȹǵʵһֿٵǿӲĹʽ

ˮûƳ
ʵҲǼһ˺ܶ࣬Ļܵõӣȹ̡
ҹ˹ʵʱҲﵽص۷壬ﵽİʵ۵İ׻ʵǴﵽ˿ֲһǧֻ
ҹ˹ڣﶼǰȫģȻҲǿ󣬿ҪͷݶʵȻǲ˺ܶࡢܶࡣ
ﵽ˹ʦֱ֮ӾͿԷʵľ磬㡣
ŮʵѾﵽ۾磬Ҳۻľ硣
߾ǿߣǳҲǾǿߣֻǺȾͲ˺ܶ࣬߿½ɵĴڡ
ʵԾʹ˺ܶ࣬ôףǺܿ̿࣬ˮҲǾǵΪ츳ǰȣǵ츳ҲǷ
һڵ񣬼ǿҪʮŬˮǿĵҩҲҪܾãҪ˵ʱ䡣
ҲŵĴнĳɾѾܿˣļҲھ޴ı׶ˣˮûˣҲˣһ忿һ֧ţô̫Σˣ˵͵ˡ
һǿļǿߺݺύǿϵɵģҪԼĴУֻܴȥʱһЩ
ɾУˮһҶĻѾ˺ܾˣ֪ǲǺܺá
ģҲ֪ãǰһģˮһ޴ˮ
һȿһֻ޴ˮޣſž޴Դһ̼ƬĹΣɢǿϢ
ɣ龳ޣһǺǿɣͽҲѷɫ١
Ȼ˺ܶ仯ˮоһҶֻͷˮޣֻڳ˾ſԴСҲʮ
ӦǴгɹˣֻһҶأˮĴӴˮ
ͻȻһϤĲˮͷȥһ£ʳ̻Ů˳
һҶ衣
ɵĲմ̻֮ƺǰӵĳ˲£ϵƲ˵ȴµ׽͸
ȻҲôǿˮоԼֻʵĻӦò£ϵǵµĸоˮоսԿֲޱȣﻹرĿģԸŮ˶ǿźá
һҶ迴ˮһ㶣֪ܿⲻʵģһʶͨ뵽Щ΢Цŷ㶵ˮȥ
һЦ
Цݺᣬȴɣǿһ˵ĸоʱһ㡣
ˮ
һҶ迴ˮ㶵Цź
㻹ðɣ֪𣿡
ˮסʵ֪ãҺ޵ʵҲ̤ʵ˺ܶࡣ
Ҳ֪нƣҺܿͿԳȥˡ
ţҲﲻ㣬ãһʵ⹬ӦˮףԳȥʱˮޣ÷ҪСĵ㡣
ˮָˮ˵
֪Ƕðɣ֪һҶ뿪нʱˡ
ڴ󲿷ֶᵽ˷ݣʱĻֱݳãȥңһÿ»ȥһΣʱ԰ȥ
ţֻڲ֪ȥҪʱ䣬Ҳõģˮ޵ٶȺͱǺǿġ
һҶ迪ĵЦ
ˮҪ˵ʲôʱһ󲨶ˮصɾʱ伸ûж֪һҶİȫˣϢﻹһҹ죬Ӧúܸˣ˶Ӧøеˡ
ݳǾݳǣѾٴҽʦҲǲøǿҽʦ֪õǿ󣬶벻ãԼļԼһ޴Ļ棬Զǻƴȫάõ
Ԭջϲóûоҩҩ
ҹ˹ͺһάİȫҵĸܳһ˳̵һ˵
ܶණˮǰ׼õģҩʲôģ˵ҹ˹ϾģˮȥЩѾˣÿ»Ҫһݽݡ


1404 ͷ롢ŮɷҪ뿪
֪һҶ費ãʵǺܿģһֱŵķˮǾǲһֱһģϾ뿪˺ܳʱˡ
һҲһرӣͻ죡
һʼΪҲڶʱͻƣͻҲôţǸƵ䡣
ʮ꣡
ҪǵĸóãȻ죬ԺٶȲܵκƣƽȵǰʮѾǸкˣõҲһ壬Ͳ׺µ߲£еۣ˼죬ˮĳӣĴģӵĺӳҪ٣Ѿʼˡ
ˮڣץ𣬳ΪŻǿԵġ
Ůк磬Ҫһ㣬ˮ˼ܳ졢أϵѾйס
ʵѾͻ죬ֻϣ似ˣľŹҲľ߻̫ȭͬǿġ
ﵽͿʼһˮźܶʽͬʱҲǺڳԿ࣬ܲԿࡣ

ûм죬ˮ͸ǣڣõģҹ˹Ҳڣˮȥһݣͷҡ
ͷǿǲսʤģˮػֱԼҵ˶ȥ
ڵͷҲǺǿһ٣ͷҲõ˲ٵĺô
ʵﵽʮʱ䱾ʵ˲屶ͻ˲٣ͷǿϵޣһܴռ䡣
Ԫͷ츳սõʵʮġ
Ԫı仯ˮе㾪ȵģΪԿͷǱܴܺ󣬱͵ҲѷɫʲôͷҲѪҲһͷء
ʴͷ뷢޵иǿĸʴճԣ͵˿ǵҲԿϣ˺ʮ˺
ͷԴӽ֮⣬ʵսڲϵôʱѾﵽ߶ȡ
˿ƣͷԷһ˿ǧҾйƣٶȼ죬˿ճԺͶԸǿʵʮ屶
ûб䣬ȴ˺ܶࡣ
Ⱥ빥޵Ķǿ񣬿ĹߵΪͷ룬һʳ롣
սǺܺõģ籬ը룬˲סĿ꣬ΪۣԱƻϾΪ۵ģн롢綾롭
Ǻǿģ
˿ɣսģٶʮ
˿ڿ޺ҪǱսսˣΪġ
ͷİޱȣżǿĶԺʹ͸Ч
ܣͷķǿ
ףսͷʮļ̡Լ˿ļ̡ճԼԡ屶Ĺͳ־ģ
ͷĹԴﵽʮʵʵǿ۷壬ǿֲĿһص۷ʵܰͷĿơ
ͷݵҾһʧˮԷģûκεĵǡ
ҹ˹費ţˣˮȥȥˣҪȥĻҪҹ˹ȥȻ÷޴ȥ
ˮѾҹ˹˵ˣˮȥҵʱѾȥţˡ
ˮţݵʱ̨诡̶ڡ
ϺɽѾ̨诺ƿأŮڵʵҲѸٷչŮͼϵŮӣˮԾõ츳͵ҩܴﵽʵ֡
Ѿﵽţݵ϶ʵǧٶԵĿֲû֪Ļܿҽҩ츳ҲͲоֲˡ
ˮֻסһ죬ʱôˣ̨读ûкˮͻһϵˮҲֽš
ҲûУڻеļʵͣټһ»һ棬Ҳ֡
һˮ͵ڣ
۳Ҳڵˣʵ̨诺̻ҪǿѾﵽ͵۷ΣŮյʥ̨жôǱܣˮֻ֪ʵĺܿ죬ÿμ˳һ
ڡɽѧһģȻ벻֪ʲôϵ۳̡̨读гǼġ
ղԹϵǺףһͬʱǸ̾Լҵ˵ʲôˣȻôŮġ
ˮĴڣ֪ˣ֮ʵһֵܣоܴﵽ۷ǲͼıʲôţˣﲻͼıţݣǾֻһ³
۳ҲǱ仯ܴ󣬵ȻΪ˵ĿܺСÿзѪ޶ܽΪ˵ģȴٿԳΪǷ֮ǿޣʵҲﵽҵʵţҲǶʵܽô죬ˮǷֲġ
۳Ҳˮ˵ˣֻҪʱ죬ͻ뷨ǨݣԺｫսܳΪܡ
ݵĴ󣬿ϧǵģֻܴȥܴʹõĴۺܸߣҪ
ȻǨƹȥֻǸ뷨Ͼ˵ʵǱ߲ʺϣҲֻǸ뷨Ŀǰţݺʺڷչ
Ȼߵ£ߵ̫ˣǸʵߣʵϻͨ˵£ɵһ޼ʵҲһ
ЩǰǲЩǿˣҲûгͻʲôģʵһЩǿҲûʱʲôСȣһ˲ῴÿһֻϾȥûǸʱ䣬ǲҲûʲôоСðûвȤ
ˮȥѧѧѾǳƿˣʵѾԽ帮Ͳܸ
ɷˮĵıĲӣѧǿĲǳŮɷǵʱŮͼϵŮй֮޲
褡߹ʵҲѸٵķչѧҲǽ¶ˮ棬Ľĸ֡

Ҫ뿪ˡ
ɷڳԹϢʱ˵
뿪Ҫȥ
ˮɻʵһѵѾˡ
Ҫȥ
ɷ˵ȻƽˮܸܵԼԼɷء
ˮ֪ģţݱݻûعƣұǺݵʵܴܴ󣬵ˮ֪ǿߡ
Ҳļţǿľļ³ļܶҲļ
ţݵ棬ϺɽҪϣĿϺϺɽϺֻǸںֻϺһС֧Ϻͨ
Ѿͷܲܺ˵˵أ
ˮ˵ûЦֻŮһů


1405 ļɷĳ
ˮ֮ǰɷ˵һ뿪ĻһҪ˵֪ȥ
ɷҪ뿪ˣˮоҪ֪Ҫȥʲô
㲻ҪˣѾ̫ˣŮ֪ôҲˡ
ˮ΢Цſɷɫ֮еο
ˮԴһ£˵⻰Ͳôˣ֮仹Ҫ𣿡
ҵԶǣŮĸ˵ǵҪңҲԶҵĵ
ɷˮһ첲˵
ˣڲʲô飬Ҷĸ˻ҼˣǲǳĲҿġ
ˮɷ
ҲиҸļңҵĸĸ㡢磬Ҹеõһǿѧǲ֪ôͱڵĺĻ˵ˣʱǻǺĻңһսǽҵļҸˣĸֵܽöˣһû
ɷƽ˵ˮͳ˶ǿĸܵƽŭɱɱĸɱɱȫ֮𲻹죬µʲôʱֻҪžͲǣѻʯҲҪմһơ
Ѿͷһȥ
ˮ˵
ɷ̧ͷˮǿģǲҪ̤ˡ
ôҵʵ˵ţݣݵҲȴԸ
ˮ΢Цſɷ
ұһĽҪǼȮҵʵ޷ȫնɱ
ɷį˵
ɷʵʵѾֲܿˣûˮƾɷҲ߻ħϾǽչٶʵֲ̫ˡ
ɷʵѾ˵ҹ˹ţݵʵǶôֲĴڣţݾĴڣȴ˵
⺣㹻ǿ
Ĵȥҵ彫˸𡣡
ˮЦ˵
ɷͲȴǱ˺ܾõصϵصһɽѾ൱ˡ
踺أ˭ܳܵģɴ󲿷˶ǻѡһȥҺѣǳ׵ޣһͨ˻ȥ

ˮȥһ帮ͲܸҲǺУѧڻʲôҲˣǺܸߡ
ˮȻҲܿģоɲʵڸ֪ˮʵ̫ˣǺ˷ܡ
ʵóԵñ֮ǰЩͬһ㾡˼ɫһ˫֮һǻһ˿˵ζֹĸо
ʵﵽŮͼòŮӣǵģе԰ףǰŮټر˫ʺϣһֻ᲻Դ÷ǰԲλ֮
ˮֺ֪ɽɢ
ˮżߵŮˣָоǰҲŮʱȴԼŮˣһμʱо˲ļʼΪ㡣
˾ô棬ƺһ߽˩һ
ƺҲ뵽ˣˮһοʱ͸оԵ֣ǴΣƢ󡣡
˵ﳤЦˣųǵʱǺͳսʱ򣬳ǴΡ
ûһΪҵӡ
ˮЦ˵»رָܰоرá
ûУǸСƨžǸ΢ǿСƨ
ˮЦˡ
ˮʱԼƺеС˵ʱо̫ˣڱ˵ˮҲ˵һ仰ͺˡ
Сƨˡ

ҲûУˮомʻͣҪǰͿȥҽˣȻЩ˾ҪʧҵܶలȫĶͲˡ
ˮͳһҲûпıʲô˳Ȼ˺ӾҲиӡ
һŮһĸһܴʧܣ
㲻ĻҴȥݣѾᵽˡ
ҾǵҲڼŰɣһŮ˲׾ͲƯˡ
ˮЦĺ֪ԡ
ˮһ㶣ǰ˵Ů˲ûйûйŮ˻˺ܶġ
һѧݡ
ǸŮǿˣˮŮǿ˻治١
ס죬ˮͺɷ뿪ѧϱߵĺȥɽϷ򣬵ҪȥҲҪһƬܴĴɽ
ѾǵһνɽȻдɽ򣬵Ҳźܶ˵ģرǱԵش
ȥҪǱԵش
ڴڣˮڶȥǣоѾûбҪˡ
ɷĽʨҲǺǿóԵĶˣҲεĽڵĽʨ͵۳𽲻£ֻǿҪ׺ݡ
ˮǲɥֻһӡȴǳΪɷޡ
ɷʵǿţݺˣôһŮʵǿֲ죬һжһֻɺϣˮҲ򲻵ҥԵĳɾ͡
ֻҪǸһʵļд󲿷ֶʵҲڰǧһɡּϹҲ֣ԵĶȫš
оУˮɷǰҪ̫ʱ䣬ڵٶҲҪʮʱ䣬Ͼ뻹ǲġ
ܴ󣬶һǰܴһƬ򣬺еൺ춼ںģһǿҰҲȥǺ
ƿغˮǼҡ
ҲǸɷҵǸˮǼҡ
ɷɷֺγɣȻѣȻҪʣȻٷŭҲûа취γʡ
޴ıֻǼӿɷʵľѡ

ʮıѾ˺ҲΪԭرʪֲҲïܡ
꣬ûжˮ󣬼ûи첻ġ
գȵļȴźƶ䣬ʱȣǰҪĶࡣ
ﲢǶǣĶڵϣôൺÿһǳأϤҵǺѡ
ɷϢһ£ֱǰǺˡ
ɷ֪ǣҲȷˡ
ã
һҾ¥ţҪһЩˣߣԶԺΪζرʡ
ʱôʱ䣬ʱɷСԸ֪ˮǼҵȷʵΪļĻңһһİҲ
ǿˮҲĺ
¥
һϵεľ¥ߴݻǰˮ֮˴ŻһΪˡ
һ˵ζ˵ʳɫʳɫǰ棬ů˼ֻгԱ˲Ż飬һ˿ˣ̫ŮҲû飬ܶҡ
Ȼ¥ԶܣӣˮĶܺʹ¥һЩŮӵĽ
ҲǺյģ½ȱ٣ο¥Ҳҵ


1406 ˮ¼ҵĴС
λ룬Ҫʲô㡢ʥϺպз
һȥһӭ
ֵһЩɣ
ˮҲȥˣҲԲʲôɴüֵˡ
ϣλԵȡ
ǸˮҪģ¥еϢӣ˵׼׼Ϣ࣬ˮÿһطϰȥ¥һЩϢ
Чʺܿ죬һӶʱ䣬ʮ˾ͶζˮɾĶҲܸܵζڣʣԵɫȡ
˵ˮ¼ҪˮǼҸˡ
ʱһˮһֱ⣬ֻɷһҪվˮְסɷеһ˷ܺ˵궯
ˮ¼ңˮ¼ҲѾ𣿡
ɡ
˵ʱѣˮ¼ҵһԽãŮŮ˳ȥ
ǰǸӻ˵
ˮ¼Ҳùģ˵ֵܻףˮõһǿսȴǳȫˮǼң֪û˻˵ʲôϾˮ¼ôɾ;ǿսǿҲûڻˮǼǲǶԴˣӦҲкܶѡɡ
ˮѾԿ϶ɷˮ¼ҵСŮֻΪʲôûкһأѵ߶ˣ
Ҳ뵽һֿܣҪ𣬲ԸɷҲ԰ͳȥˣͨҲΪˮ¼һѪ
½ֻŮΪ崫С
ǲ֪ˮ¼ҵǸôˣ
˵˶ǣˣƺӵó
֮ǰǸ˵
ܿܣˮ¼עҪʷʧˮǼѳ򣬱˵ˮ¼ңţܺˮǼҿʵ١

Ѿͷ߰ɣ
ˮɷ
ţ
£
ҲǶǣˮǼڵĵطиǣڵϣĶǣˮҪ¶ôߣǸ
λ֣ܸܲǶôߡ
ˮЦ˵
˭Ҫ˵
һԵһ˲õ˵
ˮҲûʱǿֱһƹ˹ȥһӰ˴ˣ˹ȥ
ˮǸˡ
˿ˮ֪ΪʲôԼ֪һԼ֮ǰ˵ĻйϵҲ
ת
Ҫ룬Ǵ·ֻǰᵽ˶ǣûʲô⣬Ҳ˺Ҵ˭Ҳûãҵ飬һԥɱ㡣
ˮƽ˵
ãϴȥϣҪʳԡ
æ˵
ˮɷŶǵĵȥ
˵ĳֱ˴ˣֱҲˣˮǰ˵ģôǿǲʲôͼıԼġ
Ȼ붼ǲеˣˮֱʩչУ
ԼһʱˮѾ˶ǵĵϡ
˵ĳúܶ˾ˡ
ˮȷԼҪҵĵط󣬾ͷſǸˣһһЩı꣬Ϊеҩ˵㹻һˡ
ֱȥˮǼҰɣ
ˮЦ˵
ɷе㼤ˮܸܵϾĳһֱѹϣԼҪֻأҪʧȥĸĸһ
ˮ¼ҵ˱ץˣ˵Ҫ̨
ʱǰ洫ˮܺá
ˮǼڸ߱ˣ˭ҷˮǼҵĻ³
ǰˮ¼Ҳģˮ¼ҵĴС踺ô꣬ҲɱˮǼҲʮˣ־ð
ˮǼҲǵģˮ¼ҹϵôãҲɣ̫ˡ
ɱӺοˮ´СɱˮǼҶʮ֡

ˮҲɣֱǰ̨δ𰸺ףĴ㳡
ȻɱӺǾԽ˿ԽãѡĵطҲġ
ԶˮɷֱӸ˹ȥˮ´С㸴ѾһˣóɱʵҲǿһɱˮǼҵĶʮ֡
ˮǼҵһ̣м䲼˺üζûץסһγ˼ǿߣóѣˮ´С㾭ϣΪȥ̨̨ϣڻ̡
ˮɷϵʱɽ˺ˮûˣͻȻֵľ޴ɫ˶ˡ
е˸оˣɫķȴǺٵĴڣԲȷϣǰ𾪵ˡ
ˮһۿ㳡۵λãһѪ޷ɢҵŮӱʯϣǰںϵȵȼľϡ
ɷԵĶʯϵˣģߵɷͻȻŷһˮϴŵѹɷҲʧˡ
ǶҪ
ɱ죬ɷӰӵ˵ֱڿնŹ㳡ʯȥ
վסǺˣǰɱ⡣
ڹ㳡Ļ˸Ҵ

ɷһģһɻɫϢһֱӽص˶
һˣһѷɷȥ
ֻЩ˵ʵɷ˺ܶ࣬ɷ죬ƣʵЩгˡ
ֲ飬Щ˺ɱɷŭ͵òʱĻ⡣
䣡
ɷֻͽ˺ɱʧֻһѪΡ
󵨣˭Ȼ¡
Щһͷվ˳
ɷڻ˵ֱӳȥ̧־һɷ
ɱͬʱóһͲſ
٣֮ǰѾɷɱһ֣ڻд룬Щ˸޷赲ɷһӶܡ
ôһʱ䣬㳡ҲûһˮǼˡ
ˮѾվɷߡ
ɷڿն𣬽ʯϵĻԡѪŮ˷߹ǡǡùǵţǻԡѪԭ
ˮҲرĻ󣬶ɷ͸˵ˣĻѾ
ŮͻˣɷʱҲ۵˹϶ѪͷвѪҳֲİ̺ۣе
Ӧúܳʱˡ
Ů˿ɷƺƽ˵þֳֻþˣҪ𣿡
Ů˵ɳƣܸѡ
㣬С㣬ˡ
ɷҲ̲ס
СⲻΣ
Ů˾ȵĿɷֿΧ
Сôˣߣһ˾ˣʲô⣬ҲİҲǸ㣬ԶҪ𣿡
Ů˽˵
㣬ˣһˮǼҼȮ
ɷɷһ̳죬ΧоܲŮƺûиоˮҲûʲôо
ɷԣ
С㲻ǵĶ֣ǻûϿ뿪жԶ߶Զ
߲ˣȻɱˮǼҵˣͺŸɣ˭ҲȲǣǷ
һ
ʮ˲˳Ͽա
ʧˣӦþͲǷ˰ɣ
ˮͷҲ̧˵ȻĽŮдŵŪ
н룬ŮҲûиоۣЩͱȡ˳


1407 սһɷŭ
ˮĶܿ죬ֹѪ˿ʲôģֱӴɾóһŴ齣Ů档
ʱˮſеˮǼҵˡ
ˮ¶Էʵۼֻûһﵽ۷ģǿҲûдﵽ۷ʵ
ȴǴﵽ˳ʮʵѾǴˮϣȻϵˣǺܳԾţҲŸǿߡ
СӣΪһֻڷ˵޾ΪǷˣ޵ˣ
˻͵˵
ˮЦ˵ǰ壬ΪһսϧֵܰɱΪѾ磬ӵкҲĨȥ񣬷µҪе
ܿܣ֮ǰһ֮ʣ˭֤ҺȻûжʱ䣬ɹǺܴģһƬ٣ԣϰݵһ˵أһҸұ֤ҺһС
˺˵
ǸϺ꣬ߵ£߻ʼͻǿ󣬻ʼҵĻͻʢʼҵĴҲƾá
˵ĶãҲĨȥһɱӵһУúܺãѵᳫôûһأǺҪˡ
ˮЦſˡ
յǿУֻҪ㹻ʵͿԶƹء
û㹻ʵҿĹʧĺʧ
ˮվ
ڵ̫ˣ̫֪ߵغˣðɣҾ㿪ˡ
һֱˮȥ
Ѫצӡ
ֻͻȻɺצƽ״󣬴ŨŨѪζѪݲϵķֲġ
Ҫ
ȻʵǿɷڵʵҲֲܿһɷȫҪɱ¾ˮûжԼСĵ㡣
ɷƴһźڻɫɷֱӳ˹ȥ׼˵Ѫצӡȥ
飡
˲ǿģʵҲﵽʵɷʵҲʵ֮ǰɷֱٷһɱ
˭Ҳû뵽Ľˡ
ˮǼҾǿߣһбɷ
˳ԾɷȴǺͣһŶȺȥˮҲҺֱгŮߣæȥ
˷ӳʱѾˣ鵽һѾٶˣȫɷΧȥ
񳯷֮
Ź
ֱΧͷѹ֮
ɷгʨ
ˮһչˣܵĲֻ֣ɷṩ㣬Ȼ˭һЩֶεģˮֱӽԷ
ɷڵɱɱȥǻȺΪǿһ㣬ټܵסɷֱӱˮѹסˣǺܱ
ˮɲʲôɷܽЩͼɱĽͲܽ⿪Щ˶ǰ飬ˮ˵ɷûд
ÿ˶ҪΪ鸺𣬲ʲô飬ԵĻǴĶҪ
ˮİв֣˲ɫܿһ룬ɷ֣Ҳ֣ԺжԼ˲Ļ档
һжҪˮǼңĻˮǼҵǲ޹ˮǼңˮǼҵĶݡôһжˮǼɱˮ¼Ҳеģǽһ֮жˮ¼ҵѪ
ɷ˫۶Ǻں죬ɢĹ⣬ˮʵ̨λõһ£ֻǲʧԼǡ
ɷϵѾմѪȣմѪ·ޣһѾΧѻȸһŵĿǰһС
ﾲֹʱ㳡ѾܲеףضȾ˰ɫһ̲̲ѪһɫСϪ
ˣʵﵽʮֱӱˮѹƣȻɷҲôѸٵɱ꣬ܲʤ˵
ɷˮϵѪ۳忪̧ͷգҸˣס硭ҵˣһѪծѪܿǾͻȥˣǵǱ߸
ˮģ⣬һҶ飬ԼҲй
ˮ¼Ů
ŮӦˮ¼ҵŮ
ˮǼӦã
ֵֻܹûնݳ˭뵽СŮнɾ͡
ʵˮǼҵ黹û꣬ˮǼһǿ򡣡

֮ɷͷˮȥˮǼҰɣ
ã
ˮ΢Ц˵
ɷ֪ǰˮڰڳ֣ȴԼֽһС
֮ǰˮѾŮ˼򵥵һ£ǷһЩҩھָ˺ܺãǺһЩ࣬ˮɾȱЩ
ô
ɷĵʵ
Ů˾ȵĿ֮ǰιԼˣᣬԼú
õģ㱣֤ԻһõĽ㡣
Ů˲ûʲôֲỊ̇һ˼㣬ϿŸ
û˿ⲻװģЩԵһЩ۲컹Ǻ׼ġ
ţŵ
˳ŵֱˮǼҷȥ
֮ǰˮǼҵмһ֤ʵȴû뵽ᱻһͶˡ
һС͵ĳǳأˮǼڵĻңѾˣǰ̨ǵѾ
ˮǼҵ˻ˣϾǿİҵĺˣΣˮǼҲк³ˣϾλʱֶξͲʣӵ͵ϮֶΡ
ˮǼûоԵʵв˻ֶζԸˮǼҡ
ˮǼѾĸܶ˶ǴЩ뿪һİطҲܻȥ
ҲҪţڻڣˮǼдУöʵͿԻָڵȵڳ֡
ˮǼһ˴˵ˮǼҵĳӣҲǺĻ̫ӣЩѾͷ
ˮҵĻ˺ܴãҲǣԼʱˣˮǼҳŹȥˣԼɾͲܻˣˮǼҵôǺǿģµõĺôʵ̫ˡ
Σգ˾ϲðգϲĲȡɣԴ󲿷ˡ
񵽴ϿպˮǼҺңǺģģнµġ
棡
ֱˮǼ´ƬĻ棬ƬʱЩںˣϧѾˣǿĵ治ǿԵֵģ˲ճ˻ҽ
˲ϵµ棬ǽǺܶ˶ΧڵС
顭
죬Զļ¥ըˣλ̤նֻǵ˵ʱ𺳵ڿС
ˮˣˮǼˣô֣Ͼڵʵһļһֻϣǰ˾ȻǴﵽʮʵ
ʮˮ˵СţݾĴڣѧȶļļϧ⺣̫ˣѵΪǱսԭ


1408 ɷˣǿĽ
ڵ޷ݣʹȴƺ뵽ʲô
ţǳϣϧˣеǻǱۡ
ˮ˵
ѹĲǱۣǿһȥȴΪ
̾˵
Ǿˮ¼ҵŮްɣˮø
һԵһƽ˵
һʧܵĵطû׼ˡ
ɷ˵
ǰûҳϵˣҲãֵ֮ܽ䶼ǣЩĸΪ˸ĺֻеһ۹ˣԾˡ
̾Ҳ֪̾Ϣʲô
Դˮ˵ĻһǿսһǿܻŸ³ҲˮսôһʵˣһǿսҪΪⱾսʲô
ȻˣҪôһ졣
ɷɿˣĶš
һˣˣˮǼһĴ壬ܺõһ壬ȴǰɱȻλˡ
˿ˮ
ˮһ㶣˵Ļʲô˼ѵԼܣָɷԼⲽ壬ӦɷԼɡ
ûиϾɱΪӲܾȣԷ˶׷ɱǲϧƻò˳ȥ
Ǻ飬ˮ¼ҺˮǼҵ˺ܾá
˹Ȼе㱾£ˮ룺µҲͲ˵ĻˣԼ˶ϣǶ֡
ҲǿӳȥҲ˵ء
˵
Կܲӳȥ
оһǾ׳ˡ
ǲ֪ˮѾʩչ˾Ź
ΪΣ
ɫˣͻȻ۹һɷȥ

ˮû뵽һ͵ȴǻַʽץסɷҪЮԼ뽫ɷ£һǼŭˮ
ˮʵεȿ£һֻȥ˿Ѫɻȥܿǽ٣ࡣ
ǾԵʵ뵽ˮǿ󣬵û뵽ôǿһ֮˾ȻڻţŲһӣˡ
ˣˮǼʧˣɷһ̸о˺ܶܶ࣬һͨһֱŰĴӣжʱɸоܺá
Ů˻ߵɷߡ
С
㣬ǱˣǸĸǱˡ
ɷȴǱŮӿ
˱ͷˣҸˮ

ʲôˮòģˮǼҵˣϻбļ嶥ȥȻᾭһѪȷ硣
һǿݣοһ滻
ˮɷŮһ̤˹̡
һϢʱˮͰŮӽκãŮر𾪣ȻȫãϺɣŮӿ֪Լ˵жأ˵ûκá
ɣϾкܶ໰Ҫ˵
ˮǷųޣɾ
졢⿡ҩȣˮܶ࣬һϺûȥһֻԺˡ
ûгʲôµǿսˮѾˣָǸĴڣ˵Ƕ˵սĴڡ
ϾٶϺͲϣˮſԺͷָĹֱǾ䡣
ȴɷԸˮҲо˺ܶ࣬ԺǼ飬ɷҲԷſֵˡ

л⼸СõչˣܱҲǶ㡣
ڶŮˮл
ô˵Ҳ常˵Щͼˡ
ˮҡҡͷЦ
˶Ҫˣİܲȥ
ɷϣ˵

ˮݸŮһŽ
ˮ֮ǰ˵ʱˣڻûȫκãָɣڽǿϴóġ
Ůûԥֱӳˣž˿˼һĻ
ŮѾ֮ǰô޷ɢң·̸ƯϾſֲİֻ̺ۣ۾ͱӡͷֿɷֻǱ̺۸ƻˡ
ڷ½ɫ΢΢󣬶ֲİ̺ڿۼ䵭ֻʣµĺۼӦ˼ͻʧ
ûŮ˲ģŮʧİ̺ۣò㣬ûɷɷ
ŻȫָƣŮΪһ㡣
Ůɷ˲٣ǱˮҲСŮӲ֪ˮôᣬֻоˮפպá
Ϊˮ˵˽פٰʱ䡣
ܰǽñ𣬾ǿȫţԿȫţʱˮʲôᷴ
ѾͷȥѧŮɣ
ˮЦ˵
ţ
ŮܺһȥﶼҪûмңǼҡ
ȥĺܿ죬ˮǰõѧסһֱʹ뿪ˡ
֪ɷҵĳţݵʱˮ֪鲻ôļ֣ҪҪɷԼɣԼ΢£ѹѾõɷйȥ
ãɷʵҲǺǿܵ˵˳Բˡ
صãֵ֪˺ܾã˳˴ݣˡ
һˮҪĳȥˡ
ٴδǱˣһҲסһܲʱ䣬Ȼֱ뿪û˻ԼԼ̬Ѿȷˣоʵ۵ĻǾԼ
ˮҪȥľһֱǵĵط
ħ
ǰǸŮǰԱǽеһٱĨһֱŬϣһܹǰħ
ܱ˵ô£ħǲĴаʵЩҪҵŮˣǺκΪҲҪ
οˮоˣЩԣĴҩΪ֮ȻӡϡͿԼķӡȻ˽顣
ˮ֪ûаȻʲôһ飬һҪãŮ˳һҪ뿪ԼȻˮᾡ
Ҳʶ֣Ѿ򵥵˵仰Ҫ֪֮ǰǻû˵ǽ
ݽ㴦
ˮѾ˷ݣһ޼ʵĻߣ˵ǻߣģֻΪס٣Σա
ħֻ֪һŷ򣬻˵ģҲ֪׼׼һвٵаȻĴаΪǿ
߽֪֮ĺ嫣һȥ˺ܶɽءɭ֡ƽԭɢЩׯʲôģڲĵط
ˮֻ˵ħĦɽһɽˮɽֻܴ㴦Ƚĵط
Ĵа˵λöȽҾҲԶĸйҲйȻȫģеȫģûˡ
ºˮʱĻʹþУ󲿷ʱ䶼ǳŵˣ´ˣֻһ޼ʵںʱŻʹþУҾ붼Ǿ㡣

ͻȻǰ洫ϵսһƺսĵ֮Ѫڡ


1409 ڵˣŮ
ˮڵʵ㹻ǿ󣬵ǸܵһǿȻ񲨶ĸо
ڵˣ
ͻȻˮ˼һôĳɾӦֻڵ˰ɣҲĴа֮һȻҵڵˣӦÿԴħ˰ɣ
뵽ˮҲԥֱѸٵĵطȥ
С椣Ǻ͸缸ȥϵɣ
ԽԽһаˮüͷܿͿǰľѩŮӱʮΧţһŮм䣬ϵĵ೤٣ûпսġ
һȺαӣֻ֮زŸ¶ɫҴʦˣȫҪ
Ů˵೤٣Ҳͻ׵
ǸŮҲûãΪǳĶҲҪˣǸŮãǶˡ
˵ЦЦĺа
һа֯Ҳν֮УǿЦ
˫޹ܿǾͻ㳢ɵζ֤Ҳ벻ǡ
俴Ҳģˮ֪Ҳ꿪ֻͣפѡ
һ޳ˣֻǴʱ˫һɢĹâ˭ܿʲô
ʦ֣ҪҪںǷϻˣץסǣҿ°ɣʺĵطһֻĸɶоôĺÿ
ۣܲܲôڡ
һһûס֮ǰһ
ȷڵŮһ绨Ǻø
ˣ󣡡
Ϊ׵ˣһзĹΣĿͷ˫һۺ壬۳һ۽
֮
Ů˿һֱһ䣬һɺȻ֣֮һ޼᲻ݵϢ
ή֮
Ů۾΢գĽëеĳٷĶͷѾϸܵĺ顣
ҼӰѾŮ˳Ų˶ãˣץסˡ
һżŮ˵;
ʮΧŲϵļŮӵһƼŮķΣˡ
ʱԶһӰȵӣٶǸ¡
ʦ֣ãǸŮˡ
üͷܿ첻ɫͻָǲǶ𡣡
һɫСӰҲԶҲ߸
ˮվԶźܿﵽߵˣŮ˿ͣһʥѩ·һ߷ߣκҹ˹ƣ鵽ֻԸУĹǼȳ޳ķֻǸ÷ĵطرķ飬ϸĵطԵԽϸ
һüĿ续һֹǵҹ˹Ĺ޵ģŮ޺ͱһһߵεĹǣǳĹǣ˸оĹǺں
ֲЩ˽ŮŮһˣˮоŮ˶ȴ˲βȥһϵεʥŮӵŮȫļˡ
ŮŵЦݣ굽ȴֺȻֿҲŮǿԭɡ
һȺԾһƤޣ֪Ϊʲô¶ĿΪǲ̬ǵħʱ¶ĿһԼ̬İԼŪ
Ů˵дԣһɸоɫֱöԷԲλ࣬·˲ҲΡ
ˣ˶ǹĺ˴кİСֻһȻȷ羫һ˵òеԲˣۣһӣŴ졣
Ȼọ̀ܿȴǸһ޴Ĳߵ츳ܺã塣
һҿôܣԹԵĸǣҰǰȻ
˵ܼе̶
ϴκβңһΣߣ˭ס
Ů΢Ц˵
ѾûЧˡ
Ц˵Цݺ
ǿɲһ
ŮЦ˵
㿴ʲô
𣡡
Ů˾ȵ˵ÿü
ôǣȻҪǣмҪһЩһЩƽʱĴһЩϲҶߡ
ǵУ㻹ûһֻ˳ۣʵǷθȻҲһῼǿǸ㡣
Ů¶ֵ΢Ц
ϳªɫӰܻһֱԼò⣬Ϊǿܵʵ˭Ĵʦܶ˶᲻ȥ̸òҲкܶŮ˸֪ЩŮ˶ĿģУֻҪԼľС
Ů˵Ļ֪Լǻ̲סҧһͦ׵ģ߲ܵģֻפգȴĸıգʱԸıϣݷһ仯ⶼʱġ
һһ֪ʲôȥôź㣬ر㡣
һ˿壬ֱŮӳȥ
꣡
ŮͻȻ˫־ѩ׵µɫζ
һ̸϶ôöֻķ·һ»Ұһ
еĴȴǷɫ⣬Χ񴺻شءһ㣬֮ǰήҵɫҲĻָ
˵Ϊеɱͻⶫڴ󲿷ɥʧսǿҲսۿۡ
ϵ˵
ɲҪ̫磬ڻô׵ĶԸģһûзڵС
Ů˵óһѩ׳ֻǽһЩСףСܶ࣬еͼκ֡
ŮӰһĿϵĿצеѩ׳Ȼ߳һŶϵȥ

ֱֵӴĤϵĴٴηĽ⣬϶ιŮ˵ĹȻѸٵŮ˳ȥ
٣
Ů˵˫ٴһҡΣһöŮ˵ٶֱһء
ˮǰһϵǿɿԼǱܣɿԸı顢Ǳܣıʣɼɶôǿ󣬴ǧֻҪʶ޳

Ů˽ٴһһѩɫӰӳߣǺҹ˹۵ıһֻǺͰ׻ͬʵͱ˲࣬ǸģĶȴǿԷһЩֵĹܷǾҲܵţ־޷С
ⶫֻþһҪǿľ
ⶫʵͦõġ
⣡
ͻȻ𷢳һǿĹֱϣ˲ʧ
ľ괺
ɢһǿһ˫ƱӨӨɫһ̿ܺÿƷһԴӵԡָٶȡ
˫޹սκ˫޹һʵֶΣֱӶԵеġ


1410 ˮ֣ɱת
ʹ˿ľ괺·ΧܴһΧ

ǸһŮеĳͻȻһµɶ֮Χ˻Ұɫһֿ˸о̬ɫû
ϿҲҴ⣬˫ͻȻ죬ǰ泤ʮ׳ľ޴ľΧ֡


ŮеĳȻӳһ
ԡ
һľ޴ıɫľһػ𽥵СƵҲԽԽСľʧʵݣҲʣ²࣬ɼʹҲ
꣡
Ů˫͵ؼٴҡһζ
ĶȻŴ𣬵һƺЧû֮ǰŪôǿãڵĹǹ½˵ҪԪʵҪ١
޿ײ룡
ŮȻһɶ裬ȴ̤նеӣշ·Ҫÿʧȥ
̸
ƺСˣһþ޴ľ֣ɢ
ҼӰѾץס⼸ŮˣŮģöϿٵĹ
ǸĴʦִĺ
ðЩŮҪЮͷ
һҲǴƵʺڴӡ
ǣҪôʦģʦ㲻ҪǣȻֻǰװɱǼ㼸ҪҲסԺһΪǱ𡣡
ٵŮӻ˵ƽ·ϡ
ͷ˰ɣñ湻ģ
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ľ
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õˡ
ľѸĿȥĸ涼ֻҪһʹʵȻݶԷʵʹʵԽǿԽ죬㲻Ҳ屶ֱʵΪͨˣһܻžͻԶָ
ľ֮
ٴһ֣ΧֱӳΪһ޴ľ˶ȥ
һеǸŮһĴʵ˿ľǴҲɥʧųʵʱ򻹲Լ׸
սʵҪսҲҪǿսԺ׵ķֳʤͨɱ
Ůͨɱϧʱʵ˺ܶ࣬ʹóҲûıս֣ӿģͨɱһ㶼һһɵʵʵۺˣһɵʵãʹҲûʲô˿ľȴǲһʹóһʵʣ²಻ĳˡ
ʵʧпֻǶôҲõһɱҲûˡ
Ů㿴ļҲ˿֧ŵĽ׶ˡ
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
ʱͻأ

ŮͻȻоʵһһѪҺȼգֻ⼸֧ŵŮҲ֮ܵǰʱе±ԷƵĿԡ
Ķɫ䣬ои˳ˡ
ʵŮҲΪڵĳˣƺ룬ڵĳܶ໹֪ͨɵزӦڵ˰

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սĿս⣬Ŀʵõȫӣӡ
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ƣĿڹһļʺӶԷһķ
ˣĿս½ʵܵһӰ졣
ٵȻˮʹõҲǷɱ
ˮǿľϺõ٣ǿҪɱ֮ʹãֱӳֺˡ
Ůʱٶ룬ǻѩ׳һдֱӽΧľθըˡ
ˮķɱŮʵǣǴĹʱıһɱ
ˣмʺһźһЩͼʷϵһùġ
οˮҲᵯóս½ķʵһЩۿۡ
һӣһ٣ս£Ѿû˿ɱԡ

׷꣡

һ˹ʷʵѾ⣬һ졣
ž޴˫ۣ屬ըһ̶ԼʧȻ˲ͱڰɡ
ʣµŮо͸һˣܶܿȫɥŮ˵Ľ¡
֪λǰԮ֣һ
һУŮæˮķ˵
ˮδ˳Ѿһ͵Ůߡ
ˮŮһ㶣ΪǸǰ۵ģһǸӾ֪ڵˣΪûˡ
ΪôǿɣӦڵĳ֪ǣ˺ᣬֱפᡣ
СŮǰллǰ֮
Ů˺ǹ˵
ҲɣǺкøУЩƤ£ɱ
ˮЦ˵
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ҽˮͿܱҲ󣬻ǲҪǰĽˣֱӺְɡ
ˮЦ˵
õˮ
Ů˾ȵ˵
ˮһ㶣û뵽ԼôˣЦ˵Сʶң
ܳҮĺʹԵһᣬֻû뵽Ҳôĳɫ̫ˣǣôأ
Ů˹رˣʱˮ鶯ĹΡ
Ҫң
ˮЦſŮˡ
Ů˵ͷȻݶ뻹̫ˡ
ʲôҪ󶼿𣿡
ˮŮ΢Ц˵۾һգգ
Ůе죬֪ԼʮоŸһμŪڣʣһ̫
һ£ǵģʲôҪҶԴӦ㡣
⼸Ů˵ʲôȴǰڰ֡ΪˮĿ峺һʱ뷨ʱ򣬾ǰװѹƶرŮϡ
ħô߰ɣҺ·ˣֻҪħôߣҪΣ
ˮЦ˵
һθоԼûˣ˲˻Ů˶Էô˼ͻоԷ޳ʲôģ˼һֻоԼûԷԼûȤպ޶Էû۹⣬ϲԼ
˺Ů֮һָо֮⣬֮䶼лٵ˼ֻ˵˼ȻŮҲظǵֹ֣ϵ⡣


1411 Ħɽ
е㾪ȣôķǳһŮ滹رģɫսٿɵʵһǱʶģȻһЩ̬ϲִݻĳ⡣
ûж뵽һ⣬Ҫȥħһ˺ȥħġ
Ҫȥħ
ܾȵʵ
ţС֪ħô𣿡
ˮʵ
ֻ֪ħڵĦɽ˽ȥġ
迴ˮ
ýȥûʲô֪ܽȥ
ˮЦ˵
ĦɽܴΣգȷҪȥ
һ¡
С֪
һֱߣ뻹кԶ
˵˸ž롣
˵ľˮ˵ǺԶҲʱѣ֪ħλãܿģҲȥɣעⰲȫ
˽ħ㵽Σա
е㸴Ӷ˵ô˵ҲԼľˣʲôΣջҪ
ҺħΣӦû⡣
ˮ˵
ŶСģҵľˣҿɲΪҸħλܵʲô˺
΢Ц˵ЦݲôĹǣǺȻġ
һúɹǣ֮ǰɣһ٣͸ɣкǿ츳ǱӢ۰ɡ
ˮ׽ҲǣҪŮʲô뷨ҲУǼõ̲סְæʵˮԺкڽĿܡ
ˮԥһ¾ȻӹȥˣǷѾܶˣҾͲˣһˣҾòã
ˮЦҡҡͷѾˡ
Խ˰ɣһʲôϵҲƯ𣿡
գգԸǵ
ƯѾвˡ
һ㶣˵Ҳʵϣ½Ȼܶ඼һޣرǿˣһһ˺ٻһŮǰ˵Ůˣһ˵Լв٣е㱻˵ѾôˣҲںһѵҾôû
Ůǲġ
ˮʵҲֲŮǲǹⶼԼҲûе£ϾŮ˺ģԳ濴Լ˼ܻ󵨣֮ǰǸĶ϶Իúġ
ˣ㣬Ժǵȥҡ
Цſˮ
ţģǵ֮ǰ˵ĻŶҪ޲ȥ˾ȥ㡣
һЦŮž޴ķ뿪ˡ
ˮҡҡͷҵʩչʧԭأĴаݵţһǿš
ˮҲ֪ʵκͷ٣˵ǲ£оԲһģ˳˵ӦûǿһΡ
ĴаͷݵĽ٣ȻݵһЩܵжħʵĴԿȴݣʵֻǰһ¶ѡ

ˮʹþгһطʱһ޴ĺУڿС

ˮһʱһ۾ϳ޴ޡ
ֻ֣ˮǰֵֻСٶףһ޴ԴԼѾͷӣֻϸͻᷢϣǿԴѾ˵ͷˡ
ʵҲУóٶȣǿ󣬷ϵʹ÷籩С֮ǿս
ʵͬʵʹսҲֻ࣬вͬпһ˵һʵ࣬Уսʤ̫ˣϾҪܵơ

޴ĺһ޴ɳĮ籩һĢ磬ʵһյˮѹȥ
ǰˮֻͼƬпЩȻָоĩգȴʵʵڵĿұǰЩǿûбˡ
Сý档
ˮֱӽ˳
𰺣
һ쳹֮ǰˮһͱڵǿȣ⹥ûʲô˺
ڽһ޴Уڵľ޴й֮޲
һֱÿһ
֮ǰһֱ֮
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ͻ
ܸɴ࣬޴һһĲӰ˹ȥˮްԵĿҪһ㣬һײȻˮһ㶡
ɱôһްԣȻûˣһƬѪΡ
Ͼڽǿ൱ֲģﵽǧο֮ǰֵֻ˲ٵŲСѹƣʵͺͽһһѹƣɱŹ֡
ʲôҲû£ˮΧֱٴʹþУ֮гǰȥ˳㿴Χľɫ˼һЩ飬ԼħҪʲô
һ뵽⣬ˮоеͷԼʲôԼôش
Ů˱ϾһŮˣһİ취ûκô˵ʲôԼŮˣԵԼ̫ˣһμ֮ףΣΪһξԼŮˣǺһֱ־ܵõһŮˡ
Ҳûǿһ˵ˣҲûдĹϵҽĹϵˣΪĿŵ˵ҵˣⲻռɽΪ
һ·һЩޣ׾ٵĽˣ֪ѾĦɽ¡
Ħɽһ޴ɽֱӳ뵽УƲʻߣƶǺܸߵģһƬӴɽ򣬷һҲûпħ
ȻĦɽǾ߰ɣҲܿҵһЩ鵽ҲôܺŮ˽Ӵȥ
ǰνӴˮоһһŮˣ߽̫ˡ
ڶ죬ˮĿɽдͻȻǰһƬ¥󣬴żʮλҲǸɽһˮһ
վסʲôˣ
ӵĴƱˮˮҲ˳֮ǰѾ
λƲȥħģ֪֪ħô𣿡
ˮЦһƨˮڸоɣЩ˵оһĸо
ħȥħʲô˵ȥħɱ⣬˵һȷеɣڡ
Ϊ׵Ŀ຺һ㣬֪Ϊԭ򣬷ʮ㣬ϵĺҲرۡ
ɱ˳ˣʵͶ·ˣħ֪ܲܰ¡
ˮ˵ʱ֪ɱͶ·ܼħ
ɱ˳ˣɱ˭ǲһ¡
󺺺š
ĶϣǸĺܳͷһʲôʦֵˣĶһЩˡ
ˮоûбҪǣħϢЩӦм¼
ǲ˵Щ˱ȫնɱˣȥħزѣǰҪ˵һЩ
ϻһɫЦ˵ȵİˮӭ˽ȥ
ɣ֤ʵɱĶϡ
һҲ˵
Ŷ˵ɣӦúͳĶʵ¡
ˮ΢Цſ


1412 ţħĴ
һˮʵΪˮǸϵʵ£ֻͱԼһЩ
ȭֵۣҪСˡ
ĺӵҲ̹ϣˮ˵
ɣ
ˮЦ˫ȭһߣ츳ʶ￴ĦɽħŵĿɲһ㿴ŵġ
￴űھӢ߶Ҫǿߣ˵￴ţʵһ
ǧʵ㹻һˣˮС󺺣֫ͷʵҲǺܷ
ȭ
ǻϵıȭվˮ棬˫ȭս˲ƽʱһ˻һĺɫֻȭͷһ
󺺵Ǻ̹ϣΧ˿ţеĿţǿߣ˶Ӵ󺺵ķԸ
Ҫˣ
Ҳ˵ֱˮһȭ߷ʵҺѾϣʱȫʩչʽ
޴ӡȭɵˮȥ
ˮЦֱӳȭ
ͨȭ
ֱ۳ȭӡóҲǻֱӽ󺺴ȭӡˣˮҲӰһڴ󺺵ࡣ

һȭ󺺴ǰ̤ˮûдǿˮٶȡǶȵĵ꣬棬һȭֻһ벻
ڴ󺺸պסӰҪ
ԣ
ˮ·Ѿһһȭһȭ֮ǰҪһ֣
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˾Ϳɳһȥһʼ󺺺ŭƽıɵĴڼ١
۵һڵϴֵܣлħҿʵ̫ǿҪϱһ¡
Ȼ֣ǸΪ˵ס˲ýɽ𣿡
ˮ˵ĦɽɽĦɽħڵĵط
ʵֻһҪĹؿڶѣûǴȥҲûУħˣ˽Խȥֻ·ķݡ
ᵽļ¡
ˮһ㶣󷨻Ƕţ
ţֵܶ࣬ҲӦþǸϴŵģԽԽ¡
󺺵ֽ죡
ˮ־ЦʵֻܰеҲû˵ʲôЦ˵ҽˮܸʶ֡
Ǵӷİõҽ
ħϢͨģȻûмˮˣҲˮ֣ڻûС
ˮٴηԼڻеģڵ֪ԼĴڣħȻҲ֪ԼĴڡ
֪ˣúҽϺͳԼ󻤷ĶԿȱһͿܻ˺ӣֻ⼸ۺϵһŻһЩעҲǹעѡ
鶨ˮ͸Ħɽȥ
оˮֻħģˮɱ˳ˣݣһӦκβ
ֻˮ˵ҲͲˣ˰ѹأԼֻҪ͵ͿˣħĶҪ͵
ϵܣǱޣǹˣϣܺúõȥϵ˽ħ𣿡
һһ˵
ˮʵѾԼԼĸоʲôһԼԵʲôİɣЦ˵ϸ˵һ˵
ħ汻аϵҲ֪ɣħУħʥأ˵ħ𣬵ħУŮ
컺˵
ˮûнӻǾ
ݻ֮УĸϾҪ࿹ûеʵǿסģЩνƤڣαӣǻ治мΪ顣
߷ߵ˵
ˮǼˣȻҲ˵񳤴½ͱˡ
мʵͿˣоҲ棬˵Ͷʱഫʲô޶ˣֻ֪ǳˣҵҪݺݵĸԷ
һɽˮ˵ҵĽŲҪˣҲҲ㡣
ţã
ʵһȥˮ͸ܵ龳ŶݼɽʯУЩ迴ֻͨҪȥһߴͻᴥ󷨣ˮĻ֮ͬ
ħи򣬾Ȼоͨŵˡ
һ·ϵɽˮлľЩǿɱ˵һ߾Сʱʱ䣬ͣһСɽϣһСׯ԰
ſ׳ĺſڣҲǿĴкϣ
Ҳħĳϣֻдﵽ龳ſԳΪħĳϣȺ֣ˮȦӣȥܽӴΣҲʵǰʵԶӴӴˡ
𣿡
ڣ˵Ļֱӹȥ
ͷˮһ߽ׯ԰
ׯ԰ûʲôģеӣû˿ݻԺźܶĹʯͷһƬ۵ĻܣˮƬܵʱ˼һ
󷨣⻨ܵĲҲ󷨣رľˮҶ϶ЩǲǴϰµģԺʹйϵ
һԺ䣬ͿһվһƬм䷢ΧһĻܣޱȡ
ˮѾȷˣħϲʵɲ⣬һЩҲǺǿ󣬱˻һǿʦ
һǰ岽ȥġ
ˮ˵Щüһ£ȴǰˮĻȥѾʧ˲֪ٴˡ
ʵоǣһֱʧܵҲܸоһЩ뷨ˮ˵ĻǶԵģܿųָоѡˮǰ˵ȥѾʧ˺ܶΣʧҲûʲô
ȴһ˵ǲš
ɹˣ
ľ
һֱоĻľȻɹˣ̧ͷ֮ǰָԼķ򣬿һϤ˺һİˡ
ϤˣȴǰĿǸϣһ鶯ˣһɲΣϢ˵֮
һ£˳¶΢Ц
ϣ
칧Ĵк
Сˣ
ˮˣһǵˣܴȺͣ⣬ǻۣ˴ĺͨ޳뷢ѩףϵϢȲ˺ӣֲ˸о
˶źоҺûмǵħء
͵˵
ϣõҽΪɱ˳ϵˣҪħ
۾һȻЦ˵Ŷû⣬СȥæɣҺġ
뿪ˡ
ҽҾʹ򿪴˵ɣ
Цſˮ
ôܽӴҲħ𡣡
ˮ˵
ã̹ϣ֪ӽʲôҲǱԵס
ϿˮһʱȻ˿סĵĲ


1413 ټħ𣬱
˵׷ǹ𣿡
ˮʵ
һ㶣ŹֵĿˮò˵һ䣺֮ǰһţҲ֪òš
ħ𣿡
ˮЦ˵
ԣҿԸһλá
ϿĵЦˣ˫һȴ˵
ǲ֪ôܼ
ˮħĳϲôð
ƯڹУһ鶼ǹţҪǼϼһ顣
ϺǺЦ
ˮҲɥ֪ħ𾭳ڴ½Ҳ֪ﴩûһħҵ
ˮȻħڿħֻǱɽһǣħҲֻܽ
Դˮ·ʲôģֻһȻĶǺܲģֻˮòš
ƣħĳƻǲģħ˲ǺӴ󣬵ÿһһģһͨҲ޵Ǳܡ
ħ˵̣һ㲻Ͷ·ѪûΪҪ츳ҪãɱҪʢҪǿ
ħһصħȪ˵ÿжһֻħֻдﵽһͿʹħȪȻеħ
˵ˮоһ˵͸ˣɷˮӦúʺħȪɣǰҪӦòҪˡ
ħһɣʮ֧ϻ֮⣬ֱӹԸϻûȨһо
ˮ˵ģǳϻģʮ֧ҲֱӹķԸϻûȨʮ֧
ԭ
ϻʵǸְֻгϻᣬû̫ϳϡʲôģǳϣЩһûʲôֻʱŻֻ֣Ҫʮ֧ܽͲϻᡣ
ˮֱӽ볤ϻΪʵҽˣȻôҲֱӾͳΪ˳ϡ
ϵְάħİȫ
ˮֵһСׯ԰϶ϲɣħЩطǲܽȥġ
ħҽҲ׼ȥ
ħ⣬ȥֱӴׯ԰гŷ뿪ˮԼׯ԰еΣѵԼﰾʱ䣿
һֱѵԼһֱ
ˮ˺ܶ࣬ʵ뵽һ𰸣ôƺҲ޷ıʲôΪУӦ˵ݺܶΪУԼҲǼħʲô
ͻȻоԼ޲ߡ
һξһµʱ䣬ˮмһݣٴδˣݳȶѾһͥˡ
ÿ춼ڷٷչҲǣֻٶֲͬʱǿĻޡ

ڶˮصħʱһֵʶôϤҲ֪ھħ
һֵĸӦ
ʵоĻ
ˮħķ򣬸ǹϤʶле㼤ϾܾúܾǰͿʼŬҲŮ˵ԭ
ħΪŮˣȻ׼һŮ˵ʲôʵ룬Ϊ֪ʲô취ܱ׽Ӵ
ֱˮоŮ˵Իҿԣ߷һ֮ԼʲôŮʵһҲ˽⡣
ˮǸобҪ֪ԼˣΪġ
ˮǹʶ߳ׯ԰ƾŸоħȥ
ߵĲ죬Ҳͨ󷨣ԵҲ±סǳݣħܶطǿԽȥģܵ衣
ˮ˺ܶĳĳõĺ棬󷨡ţһ൱ǿģˮͨЩ޷ͨ
תһɽڣһ磬º̹ܵͣǵĺ䡣

һжǴıƳɣһƻõıǰı̨񡭡
ѵ磬һ𣿡
վסﲻ׼κ̤ذɣźŮסˮȥ·ˮһ㶣Ů˺ǿ񣬺ޣֻǺǸŮ˱Ҫ˲١
Ůһܵ˰ɣʵôǿˮ֪ǸŮʲôʵӦñŮ˸ǿɣ
Ҫˮ˵һ䡣
ʲô˵ǻϰ㴫ݡĸӸŮ˵
˵һˮ˵
Ů˹ŹֵĿˮһۣȻʧˣˮʶԸоﲻʮŮĸ֣ЩŮ˶Ƿ绪ï̴棬ʵܶ඼ˡ
ʣˮһŮˣŮ΢Сһ㣬µķ·Ҫ·һʱˮˮֻҪԼе㶯ŮϾͻᶯ֡
ûжã֮ǰǸŮ˾ͻˣԽĹŹָָǰ棺һֱߣǰСԺ㡣
ˮҲһ㶣֮ǰҲֻԣûԼǺܼŮлһȥ
Ҫ
ˮ뿪һֱˮŮ֮ǰŮʵ
ţƺ֪ˡ
˵ǹľˣʲôˣ
Ů˹ֵֹ˵
ˣЩ黹ǲҪ˵ˣǸŹʱ䲻ˣʲôˣܵġ

Ǳĵ棬һȾһжˮһߵĲ죬벻ԶܿʹǰСԺǱ
СԺû뵽Ѿ˱ڲ
һ磬һıһıǻҲڻʩˮƳɣˮһֲʵĸо
ǰһӰˮ뵽һμ龳
ˮŮ˫۱ţٸ߸üͣղʩɫ糯ϼӳѩɽŮգ˯һ
ɫһѩ׵βסߣ絶ǰĻľĶǣأ޳Ľ¶һ˫貨ɢӨĹ󡭡
˫ۣȻɢһ˲µʣˮɿŮˣ䣬һĹ°ˮףڱһˮһ
һһŮˣ
Ӱˮزһ˵ĸо
Ů˻תɱޣз绪
Ů˿ˮãҲźܶľȣÿμһֲ˼ٶȽţʮǰʲôҲ㣬һֻϣʮȴǿԴﵽΣѾ漣ô򵥡
ԼǷӡԼֻõԼʵȴʵʵڵӡ
ˮǸоŮɲ⣬ڸоƺԶˣһֵÿĵ顣
Ůˣˮ֪˵ʲô˵ʲôǶģŮǰԼе㱰΢ȵҹ˹ǰĲ
ãڼˡ
ˮ˰˵һЦĻ˵ʵܳʱ䣬Ĳף仰иж
ŮˮĻƽƺˮľ˵ʲôôִţҲ÷ˡ


1414 ţü
Ů˵ĿԶôĹž䣬žգ˭оѹܴ
ˮŮ˵Ļһ㶣仰ӦǸԼûҪûбҪ
Ҳ֪Ҹоûд뾡ԼıĵһС
ˮ˵
ɣħ֪ܿˣ𣿡
ˮɬЦЦûˡ
ֻ֪Լ˵ԼѾˣΪԷԼģһЩģԼоͦЦģԼûǸʸ񡭡
ԼûκεĲʲôûзһĮ˭ĮҲ˵ûһ˿ڽġ
ĶĮǺޣû˰Ҳûкޣ֮֮У
ȸˣҲϢɣ
ˮ˵
ǰƤڼħо⣬ȻģҪʱ䡭
ˮ뿪ˣŮվãûпˮıӰҲûлͷ

ҽ
ҽħʮ֧еһ֧ҲǺҪһ֧ΪβҩʲôĶҽеģˮԳҽ󣬶ҽǿҩʦݽȥġ
ô죬ˮҲǺҽϤˣҽ˲࣬λرĸߣҲȱģҽʦѻԬҲʲôѻûˮĻǲˡ
ˮҽҩһϵǿǱ϶ģԾҽеλҲԽԽߣǰˮʦ߿
ʮ֧Уҽ٣ʵ˵ҩʦһ㶼ְģʦиϹĴڣǸûһֵͨɱ
ҽвٵҽ飬ܶ඼δŵģҲһЩϹֵıºˮϾˮҲ̸ҲҽһЩҩʲôģôǸˡ
˶Ƕ֪ͼģرʹģһʲôҲˣҪˮõһһֱҩ
ıҩ
һϹģѾ֪ˣóˮһݣЩʵ˾Ǹˣҩ
ϹĲˣˡ
ʱһٵ
ˮߣһȥһˡ
ˮɷ˵ľ˳ȥ
ϹǺˮıҩˡ

ˮ߱룬ħĸ
ûʣһȻ֪ˡ
ܿ͵ħͱ̫Զһ紺һׯ԰ҲŮˣػŮ˺ƣǿߡ
¥ݻԺлݾӶ࣬ҲһصİڷţˮԶ϶һѷɫϵĴڡ
ħвǿˣҲ֣ȻʲôݶԿ
ˮҪ˵Ů˵Ƣܹ֡
˵ʱһˮ
һ¥ŵһɵҩ㣬׵ĺܰˮһ۾Ϳ˿һɫбһŮˡ
һŮˣֻͣһҲ䣬ĮȻʱϲҰףûһѪɫһ㱡
߰ɣˡ
һŮֱ˵
ԸҽΡ
Ц
ϹҲβãɴ˵˵ˣȻҷˣҲ˲ˣһ׬ˡ
Ů˵԰׵ϸһѪɫƺе˷ܡ
࣡
ˮŮ˻˵
˭
Ů˷·տˮһ㣬Щҩʦҽʦ߶ҩ֮ͯǰˮ
ħҽʦҽ̾磬ˮ㿴ɣ
Ц˵
̫ˣοҶҵ˽⣬֪ҽʦβãһЩ񵤣Щ̫ˡ
Ůҡҡͷƽ˵
õĽģ
ˮŮʵ
µģѾˡ
ֻеֶΣֶƳ
ˮŮ˵ĶҲ档
ʲôôж
һվ˵
˲ģǶһֺƵĶֶûнҩ˵һߡ
ˮŮ˻˵
Ϲҽˡ
ŮЦ˵
Цݺܲ԰ףȴǺһֲ̬˺§ڻϧһ˭ôƻᱻŮɱ
ǶŵĶ֮
Ů˿ˮ˵
ʲôˮûȤֶֻҪڶڣһǳ֣û˵ֶܽ
ֶñķʽǿȻԼƳԼܱƳתƣתƵϣ֣һˣһĺӣתƵϻҪϣֻҪԸͿԡ
ˮа취𣿡
ϣʵ
˵ֻҪͽⲻ
ȻⲻָֻҪһţǧ˰û⡣
ˮЦ˵
ʲôĿԣ
Ϲﾪϲ˵
ŮǲŵĿˮ
ӦÿԣҲںá
ˮЦ˵
Ҳãˣһöźÿ㣬󵨳֣κεġ
Ůƺһ㡣
жѹˣԲŲܺãƻָ
ˮݹȥһŽ
Ч˵ˣҲǶˮĸˣȻȫκƣҲ˴룬Ů˵ľ̫ˡ
룡
֮Ȫ
ˮЩףⶾĲܳˮûа취ȴǰѶųСʱһǿʱҪٴŶ
壡
ѹƶԵ󷨣ȻϻжϺ˼ǵҪû֮ڶԾͻ»Ծ
ŮվڷУûд޴ľϲѹﻹˮ塣
ѾٱϣˣȻ䵽³ָĴ۸ֻеźܽԼ¶ɱˡ
Ƿһ飬һỹģʲô飬ҶΪ
Ů˻عĵĿˮһˡ
ͲСڴ½ҲϣҲ÷绪ïݣõûжԶлչǸź
ǵãҲħˡ
ҵãɱ̫أԵҲôҺõ̫ˡ
Ů̾˵
ˮ˼֪Ҫ˵ʲô˵͹Ĺϵô
ħ͹ӴӦþ˰ɣ
Ů˲֪ˮ仰ʲô˼ǿĵ˵
ŶǾ̫ˣǸԵĻ˵͹ʲôҪҪֵĻǵҪҡ
ˮеεЦſŮˡ
Ůһ㶣Ŀһת¶һ˿Ц⣺㵨󣬳뷨Ҳ֧㣬Ҫ׼
лл֪
ҽлüٵȵȣӦþͻˣǸŶ
Ů˿ˮĵЦ
һ˵ʹŲǵϤӰӳÿһζôĳ޵üţöˡ
˵ĻǱޱȣˮǿԸо⻰ʵѾů紺ˣϧǶԼ˵ġ


1415 ˮ޲
ǺˣˮĹͣҪлл
üȵǰסŮ˵֡
ˮܾȣ˵ĹϵԲһ㣬ΪˮоŮֵ˾Ժ٣ˮ֮ǰоûС
ˮҲû뵽ŮôͿʼΪԼ˵ˡ
ü˵仰ʱŮ˲ſˮû˵üȴ˵ˣҽպãҪ˳ԸɣҲллˮ͵Һϲ⼸궼ûкúóԶˣҿǱﻵˡ
ϹһֱӸǣü£ʲôЦˮͷ뿪ˡ
Ů˲û˵ֻǿˮԣû˿ԿʲôüЦ˵ȥˣǵҰ
ˮ֪ŮˣΪԼŮ˶̲ˮסüոԭҲҩ࣬Ļȥɡ
ôУȥɣ
üˮɫ
ˮֻüųȥ
оʣˮŮˣŮ˵ĵ÷䶼оһɵ⡣
ڷȴһİˮͻȻԼͲĻʱһ仰ҲﲻеĻڿŮʱֶôĲ԰
оԼ˵Ļһǲ԰׵ġ
ȵʲô
ˮӲͷƤʵ
ħʺ㡣
ŮûнˮĻǿˮ˵
ˮһ㶣Ϊʲôô˵ҸоûʲôʺϲʺϣǿʳĴ½Ҫʺϴ½ҸоȥʺħȽϺá
֪ħҵٲ֮أҲܵš
Ů˵
˭Ҳҵļˣ˭֪ħҲںĴԣһ£ҸоЩνҪúܶࡣ
ˮ˻ϻҲͿ˵һЩ
кܶŰħȥ뷨Զı䣬ҲὫǸ㽫Ϊܶ˵ĵˡ
ˮǵһŮ˵ܶ໰ţһ˵ĸоȴ˵дԣһϵĳ
Ҳ³Ϊ˵ĵˣҵ˺ܾúܾã֪ħ֪ħһҾѾˡ
ˮ˵
Ů˿ˮ֪ˮ˵ʲôˮ˵Ļ¶ǣ˼ѾȷˣΪԼġ
ֻҪԼʲôͺˡ
Ů˵
ˮͷȻǳĬѾӲȥˣ˵ôѾˡ
ҲˮĬüܿͳˣﷹ˺ˣֻǲģרŵĳӡ
ҪȳԷ
üЦ˵
Ů˵ͷ
Ұˡ
ˮЦվ
ܿ췹˾Ͷ£ζҲܲħüǸĳȻǶġ
ȵưɣ˻ա
ˮ˵óһ̳Ǿƣ˺׳Ů˺գһǿ
ȻҪ̫ࡣ
㣬ҳ
üˮĵ˵ʵҲе֪ˮ˼֪Ե΢΢ˮôҲþܲܳɾͿ컯ˡ
ˮһȻٰŮ˵һԼҲһ
Ǻϲ念һ
üЦžƱЦһζ
Ů˻Ǹĵӡ
ˮҲƱϲ念
ŮȵĺţˮһӺ꣬Ҳͣˮľû˵üʼȵֱһںȸɡ
Ů˵һֱĺ꣬ȶһ˵𺳣Ҳһһ˵У°Ĥݡ
ƵԺǧҺȹڶõľơ
üĵ˵仰˵ġ
ƻеģҸһЩ
ˮЦ˵Ȼ˵ڶãҲûʵһʲôҲΪԼľõġ
ϴһʱˮħһռ治еҩҾвٵĺþơ
ǵڶκˣϴҺȣ̫СˣֻҺһΣǵһá
üζĿˮ
ˮ֪֮ǰΪʲôɫе㲻ͬԭһú͵ڶͬһ־ơ
ˮҡҡͷҺ͹档
Ů˺ƽ㼸һ뻹ࡣ
üεЦЦ㲻ôϲȣŻ˾̫˷ˡ
ŮҲ磬ˮ֪ͨŮϵ˵һֻħӲһһôǢܸܵüзصģϲ˵ѡ
в٣һøǡ
ˮæ˵
˲̫ã극Ů˾뿪ˣʣˮͻüˡ
ˮǲ˶ģ˵ɣ͹ʲôϵȻĶ
üرľȣ֮ǰǻûھȣɼ֮ǰ˺ܾˡ
йҰҲ֪㲻ʶһ˵Ļ䡣
ˮ˵ҲʵֻĹ벻
ðɣһΣ޾ף̫ˣ츳ףûмǸ˾Ȼ׷ģڹǰһԱͷҲԱƺźܴĵҺ֡
üһֱĶˮ뿴ʲôˮ֮ǰ˵Ļ˵Ҳ䣬ġ
ˮﰵңŮ˵ֱĹ۲е£ֻ˼άпҲķ롣
Һ͹֮ĽҲкܾˣʧİٶ궼ڴħһαȻѾԼЩƾԱñҲֻͼοѡ
ü̾һ¡
δɵԸ𣿡
ˮŻüʵ
Ҳ֪ݲ뵱ʮиҲֻɣʣµϵһң⣬ħݵĹУ֮أħͱ˲ƽˡ
б𣿡
ӦûУ˵뵱Ĳֹݵб֪׼׼Ҳǿ󡣡
üˮ˵
л֪Щ
㣬ǺǣĺܿʶСܵܣҲǹ¼ҹˣԺҽ㡣
üһ㶿ĵסˮ
Ҹһ壬ʧһͻһ
ˮЦ˵
ã
ⶾûа취𣿡
üʵ
ҲǲܣĿǰܣбİ취Ӧòá
ʲô취
һǽ˺ӣ԰ѶתƵϡ
üɫһ죬Ů˽߷˻رˣֱӴϣҲʳӣס
ڶתƸķϣҪϣҲ̡ܿ
ˣҲˣҲ¡
üˮһۡ
Ϥˣƺˣֻʱ仭ü绻һһ֮ǰĲ԰סޣڻеޣЦЦӾˮ뵽ħ𣬲֪Цǲܹꡣ

صԼׯ԰ˮﻹǺܿĵģһջʵѾ̫ˣȻΪü帴ԭþܾԷΣⶼһ޴Ľ¿ͷѣοлüԼ
ڻüˮ˵ŮҲǲ򵥣ܺħһ𣬶һǸҲ򵥵ȥ


1416 ıҩħħȪУ
ħˮڶеãҽĥôܽӴǸŮˡ
һ뵽͸оеܣΪоûеط֡
ܵ˵ʶ˻üһõĿʼҪľʵԼʵ㹻ʱͻ᲻֪ĺǸŮн
Ϊħʣһ֣ʱûнˣ
ıҩ
ˮɾоǿҩıҩ˫ҩǣһԶʹһһԶʹ˫ҲǶһıǶʹһǱı֮ǰʹ˫ҩôıҩͿʹΡ
ܵӣ֮ǰʹΣıҩҲʹĴΡ
ˮıҩеҩݣһ˫ҩеҩһģֻҩҪһЩ
о£ԼҪƵĻɹҲвСʧҲǺܸߣ˼Ǿԡ
ˮѾʼ׼ˡ
һٽ㣬֮һˮ룬׵㣬Եġ
һ׼úˮʼıҩˮѾˣıҺߵֻͨҩݾڹоҪΪĺܶ๦ʺǡ
Ҳȫʺϵģ¸¥Σҹ˹ǽ˼ĵزˮоĪ
ƽƵԪζĳǿϽ̱ԪǿһЩơ⿵ȣˮĴ󲿷ֶԷΪģһоˮĸֻҪʱ֣ҵǲɸıġ
ıҩһˮûرسɹʧܣȻϣɹʧܣһҲѧһЩӵ㾭飬ȵʱƳɹ
֮Ȫˮ뵽ħħȪֻ˵ûмˮ֪ħȪǸʲôģֻеа
֮ǰ˵ԾеħһʹħȪûЧֻħÿжħ˵ħǱѹġ
һɱңһ˽ȫҵ˶ɱˣô͸ɱЩˣʱϵħǻˣħȪǿãȼеΪʵһǧ߶ԶҪ츳ˡ
츳ԽãԽãԽǿ󣬵׶˾߻ħᱻԼеħƣɱѪ̡塢
ħȪһħʱʱˮ뵽ɾָоħܾ
ħһħֱʹҲҩħԻһʱ䲻߻ħħĸٵħħͻ᲻ơ
ܿˮ뵽һЩȴǺѵõΪҪһɷֵģ˵һ
ʱҪνħ
ϵҩ֮⣬ˮ˲ٵ褸ģѧĵҩҩȻõ֣һƵıʵˣֻƺܴ
һˮʼıҩСģҲܷŵÿֽţ͵һѣֻǽȴˮܿģȻɹˡ
ıҩ
ЧǰıԸͬ൤ҩЧ
ˮܿģӦüʱʹ˫ҩôıҩֻܶ˫ҩĵҩٸΣʹıҩԺʹ屶ҩĻֻʹһˡ

ħǸӴֻ֯ʮ֧ͳϻᣬҳϻһ㲻ƽ飬ʮ֧ȴǺӴ󣬳ҽһ֧֮ʮһ֧ͷ涼һħͷĳƺ
ħͷ
ħͷʮ֧н¹ͷ죬ʮ֧һħͷʵǿòӢǰ;Զкܶ˶֪ϲħ
ħͷûб׹Ҳû˿ֵ飬ħǾľΪħԼһУЩΪħŮˡ
һ˽ҵˮ
ˮһʱħҲԺգ˭֪κ˸ҾǹħһԷ
ԵǺǿģںܶ˶֪ˮҽΪħĹģһʱܶ˶ۿˡ
˵ˮ⣬Ҳ˵ǺͽħͷҲ˵ˮҽ԰ħˮħĹϵԽԽܡ
ˮǰͦòӢ޿޵ˣˮо˳ȥ᲻ᱻһЩŮ˸ռˡ
ãǽ̡
ĺˮк
˵һμ棡
ãˮ
Ҷħˣʲô鶼˵ú̸̸Σ
΢Цſˮ
ð롣
ˮЦŰѽӭȥ
֪ǰΪ£
ˮȻѾµһЩֲȷ
ֵܿ˰ɣֱӺҽ̾ˡ
֣ҾͲˡ
һԵ֣ٿ˵ȥˣҴһҾͲĨˣҶʲô˵ˡ
Цſˮ
ҲϲĨǡ
ǺãҾֱ˵ɣϲ
˵仰ʱ̻е㲻š
ˮЦˣϲΪʲô˵˵ûð
ȿȣֵܲʵ˰ɣҶˣϲϲ
̱ˮĻҭһ¡
ȻϲӦúܶ࣬ǵģϲӦ֪ϲûá
ˮ뵽ǸŮҲִܸУ뵽ԼƵģ΢ƽЩ
ǰ֪ϲҲоʲôоеУܶˣ֪ҵϣ㣬ҾǲģҵҲûз˭ôһĿܡ
̿ˮеɬ˵
ϲϱˣ𣿡
ˮЦʵ
ȻҲֻĶѣİŮϲ˵ʲôֻҪԼͿģƨԸһرģҲԸĵĺͱһ˵ʵֵܱЦҡ
̸ɴ˵
ħ˵ԸˮȴǺϲΪʲôҪЦҲôģҲϲЩģʲô鶼Ҫӣα
ԣֵܸоԵ֣Ҳġ
̿ˮ˵
Ů˲õģοҲ˭õģҲ˵ʲôûãôױ׷Ҳȵˡ
ˮε˵
Ҳǣ׷һף㡣
˵
Ұɣ
ᣬѧһףһףҾֱ˵ˡ
мҪֵܰæ
˵
Ŷ˵
ˮоӦòǽҪġ
ֵܰפһ£Ѿʼ˥ˣֵ֪ܲܰңһл
ƽ˵
ˮû뵽ֻڵģ˵ôھͻΪҲɣ˵ģ
ˮ֪̲ûжħģǸˣˮоħһûˣͲġ


1417 ףԶַ
̿ˮڲô˵һֶĹϵˮħˣҲǣ˵ˮΪʲô
ȻԼˮоӦ֪ԼפյķפҲʲô⣬ӮȡһЩøУ׷ħˮо˵ģϣΪ㣬ûԼϣ
ô˵ԼħĵһˣӦõΪֹΨһһˡ
˺Ů˶ԼĵһǿĺصģˮоԼռоԵƣֻҪħѡ˵ĻһѡԼԼһԼ˾ԼʤҲһ㣬οܱԼ˲࣬ʲôϵ֡
ԣҲлô˵ڴҲѣҲϲ̫ƽϡ
ˮƽ˵
е㲻˼Ͼǰʱ˵ʲôħ飬˵פգҺ˸оפղҪ顣
ֵǾ鷳ˣԺʲôҪҵģܿڡ
˵
ˮҪľЧԼħкܶҪҪһЩз֧֣ԼȻǳϣħûӰʮ֧
ˮҽʮ֧֮һиݣԼҽκø壬ѾΪҽĸҲǰħͷˡ
ǸϹϹǼˮҽĸˮôҲӦֻüҽ󼸺˶֪ˮ顣
ҽٵģ٣Ҳкܶ࣬Ͼʮ֧֮һ̫ˣͲᵥΪʮ֧֮һˡ
̫ˣŵҩΪפհ꣬ҲˣʲôʱԣԼɡ
ˮЦŽݸ
ŶȻˣǾţºħսӣǸʱ˵׼Ҫóˡ
Сⵤҩˡ
սº󣿡
ˮһ㶣Ϣôã֣֪Ǹʲôڡ
ԨһǿڣЩںϣ¥Ĵڣ˵ܶǿסںУž޴ĹǿΪá
̵̹Ȼĺˮ˵
ɣڵĵ˺ͽǻۺܸߣǱȲĶթȫʲôĶǺУԼߺϣһĴڡ
رǻ۵У಻ǿǿԶԶǣӦȻͬǣΨһǱǽթһ㣬ǳоԵǲо߹󣬾಻ޱ߹һ
ֻҪѱʲôģﵽһ̶ȶƽȵģеѱʦǺԼѱֵɡ
еǿޱ½й֮޲ˮеﶼرԣһЩܽӽ࣬㡣
һһ˸оˣݴ½е㲻һˮûмһڡ
Ǵߣںǿ֮ϣ񣬶ȣһģһֻڲһ㲻һʺϴ󺣵ˮеս½Ǽ
Ĵ˵һֱ棬˵Ӧ˴󺣵ɵģ㴫˵رԵ⼸֣ҲŮˮй
ݴ½ĺ½һֲй֮޲
ݵ֪ûĲ룬ߺĲ롣
˵óˮϵֻڴΪǿһǽӴġ
֣֪ħˣ˭룿
ˮоԼҲȥʶʶ㾫ԼʵҲǺǿģǰ̲ԼĶ֣ԼŪ
һǹ͸гֵϾҲǿĴڡ
Ҳ

뿪ˮȥ˸ü
üɫܺãҲرãˮĵˮ߽ˮӣŮڻǶԼǣĽһǡ
ָоǿңҲװģЩװġ
㣬ºǲҪ֣
ˮоú˽
֪Ϊ£Ѿּӽȥˣôͳסˡ
ü΢Цſˮ
ˮе㲻˼Ҿ֪ˡ
ȣ˵ͱ˵˵ô⣬ҿĶŤ
ü˵ȴǿĵЦˡ
㣬ǿ𣿡
ˮоüӦ֪ĸһ㡣
ǿ̫ˣȽ⣬һһǿڣħͷ֮һ
֪ζһô
ˮܺ档
һԶַǷģĺöûˣһԶսһֱսԶַС
Զַ
ˮֽһֱھȣǰԶַԶսû뵽˵ˣҺܿͿȥʶԶսˡ
ԣԶַȻѾûʲôöҲѼĸɾûǿԵõöģԶַȻˣȴΪ½һصĵطǿ޺У˵ԶַʵǺݵ
üûеˮ˵˵Ҳûеõ֤ʵһֲ²⡣
ûпֻܲһأ
ˮʵ
УҺܴ󣬲ȥ˶ҲľǺôӵĺܣΣأħϱȽƣ˶಻Ǻ£ǸӵĽھֻҪоǿߣôһӡ
üЦ˵
ħûйϵʲôģ
ˮ뵽Ĵа̲ס˳
ûУ
ʲô㲻㣬й𣿡
йѣֻʱͬ飬ʵ˵ĴаʵַɣħߵĽһ㣬źҰߵĸһ㣬Ҫ˵иѵĻǾˡ
üˮ˵
ʱڵˣںͳսԾͳˡ
Ưɣ
üͻȻ˵
ǺֻǺɹǣһ˸ܲ𡣡
ˮҡͷЦ
㻹㿴ʲôʡ
üЦ˵
Ҫ֪
ˮ˵
Ȼ
壬и
ˮ˵
ģиʾɧɧ
ðҲҵ٩
üϺ־ȥšˮˮ˵ĶԲֻ֪ɫӦ˵ˡ
ҿɲңЩ㡣
ˮתƻ⣬ݸü
ʱ㣬ıҵһ
üûелӹĵ˵
ûҲµģлйġ
ǽĹˣȥԵģһһԷ
üЦ˵
Һһȥɡ
ȻˮͻüʶʱҲȴ˸о˴˺ܽˮ˵ǻüľˣˮĲ׽ˮǸоüĶԼã۴һ涼һ㡣
ˮʱȥԶַʱһͿԺ͹սˣʱɱŶ
üЦſˮ


1418 ս󣬳ʵս
üĻˮЦ˵ģϺȡ
ôţɱﵰ
üˮЦ˵
Уֻǲ֪㲻ɱﵡ
ˮ˵ʵ֮Ͱ񳯷ͳƵɱˣͨͷָҲƵɱﵣˮɱﵻǺܶġ
ͽͲҪˣˣʱóˣɴ⣬ҲǿĴڣǹҲֵ˺ô

ʱһξʮȥˣˮʱΪʱҩıҩҲһ㣬ˮҲʹҲûüʹ˲٣ûüǸŮȥһݡ
ˮŻüȥԼȥЧá
ʱˮķֶһս
ս⣡
ս⣬ͬһӪһʵֿصӱӱս߰ʩΪǧ֮Ч
սˮЦˣʱҪȥԶַˣû뵽ʱгһôǿսһȺսһɵ
ǿ󣬺ֲܿˣرǺͻ֮Ͱ񳯷ʹãҪ֪ڶǲǧʵһɾߡ
֮߳ʵһ⣬ر֮ǿֲޱȡ
ɣһɣ⻹Ľշħе˺ͽѹƣȻ͵˵ѹܴܲЧ˵ҲǺܴ󣬱ϾʵѾǽȣѹһҲġ
ôԼԺ͸߳ԼһʵսʵˮͨߴԼʵһˡ
սΧһΧڵͬһӪս˵ǳǿսˣʵԽǿõҲԽࡣ
սǺͰ񳯷ʵģѧǺܷοݹϹǿĸˮʵġ
ˮʵȻڱȲħͻüսҲǲСģǿ͸ԼָͨĿֲ
Ҳǵõ޴ΪǸͨˮսʹʱѪ١𽣵ӿֲ
ʱΪıҩԭˮһЩȻֻһıʵ߰ȫʵ
ֹˣʣҶʵЧãˮһʹÿֹһıʵǴĳһ
Ϊɾ֮ǰ˫ҩԭˮֻʹöʮţʮˮʮıʵ֮ǰģˮڵıʵﵽ˽
ˮʵɽĹﵽ˾ŰΣʱҲԾȼãǧµʵֱӿײɡ
ǿ֮ӡĹﵽǧİʵ
ͨûб䣬ͨȴرĿֲ׺תǱĿսˮս˲ֹһô򵥡
ѾǰµһˣˮҲĵҩ˲٣󲿷ԼѾˡ
ζǿʱҲˣüȴǵõĺôħˮ֪˻üȥһݡ
ˮûټǸŮˣ˻üΣ˿ľǽܡ
ҽϹЩ˶ˮҲرĺãˮȻҲᾡȫĻǣ˾ԼһߣԼؾһɣˮһ¶ġ
ҽˮҽҩü˶Ͽҽҽ͵ҩҪģΪ֮Ȼֱӽս󣬼սˡ
սʮ֧սʵʮ֧֮һսһǰǹַľսͽ¸
սˮİ˵ҽ֮ʮ֧ǺİҪĿĸŮˣҲûʲô˽ʮ֧ҽһ̣һԼӴ

콫ǰǹַӣ̣ǽҪȥʱ䣬ǵٶȵԶַλҪʱҲǺܳΪнݾߡ
ֱͣӳˣսͽ¸ҲǷֿ˴չˣˮҲʶսͽ¸ˡ
˲Ǻܶ࣬а˰ˣÿ˶Ǹ֣սŵѪսףֺ˵Ѫɫ¸ԾˣһǸҹӡ
֮սķΪ󷨡
ˮվڻüߣʵҽ˲ֻˮҽÿζҪսУϾҽʦڣܸʲôҲôԾȻ
üһɫȹɴֻӱȴƯҹյǳһɢһɰ
ǸŮûг֣ǻüָӣʧӰ֮󣬻üͷˮ˵Ҳɣ
ã
ˮͻü֮ܶҲڲ²⣬ˮκ˻üо֮һŷһĹϵ
Ҳ˵ˮԴҪЮüûüΪ
Ҳ˵üϲˮˮǻüõġ

ЩԣüȻʲôˣںһԷ
üһֻΣСֻʮףͨڷ⣬ֻ۷ʵٶȾԱһЩɻҪ죬һֱٶȺ˵ޣó䡢Сܡ
߰ɣѾ·ϵˡ
üסˮ̤Ρ
Ϻɫĵâһʧԭأٶȿ𻨡
ˮֱüţģ΢һ˵˵ĸо
ô˼ˣĪ㻹뷨
üĵЦſе㲻ˮ
ҲǻˮһŮá
ˮЦЦ˺ܶࡣ
ڿһǱҡ
üЦ˵һ䡣
ȻǿˣһŮ˿䲻ϵģ˽ǲҲ󷨡ţ
ˮ뵽æʵ
аɣǶһЩôˣ
üʵ
㿴ûȤӦкܴͨ󷨡Ŷݼ֮Ӧѧ°빦
ˮһݾŹ
ŶҵҪ
üӹһСʱʱ䣬عʱ򲻺˼Ŀˮļ񼶣ֻ̫ˣ㲻Ҳǿֲޱȣ㷢ִõĺô̫ˡ
ҴҲúܶడôõĽңˣĻͲ˵ˣ˶ʱϣԷ˵Щ;ͱʾͣꡣ
ˮЦ˵ϲõһ˵ĺôǸ˾Դ˵ɪԼоǷһ粻ͣͬˮǸ˺ôҲԸԴöԷԼ֮һЩҡ
ͻȻһӴϢˮϤˣƶֵһ֧޴꣬ˮŷֻͷȻһֻͷ
ϴμʱǵûǵģѵͻˡ
ˮĶҲһЩʹõĶϹ
ּˣˣҺܿģȻûʧ
ӲϵˮУˮһ㶣Ȼֻ޴֮꣬ǰĻԼ˵ġ


1419 ľ仯һֽչŮ
ˮҲǺܾϹ˵Ļ֪Ϲ겻һĹ꣬ڸǳΪ꣬ǲѷɫĴڡ
ֻˮ֪ϹǾûʧʲô˼
ǰˣǰ̫ʢˡ
ˮʶǴħϹ궼ûкԼƽϡ
ʵˮһֱħûɱԼˮڿԿ϶ϹһִٳɵģϹ֪Լȥпܻᷢʲô飬ԼȥˮѾʲôҲ˵ˡ
ǣЩҵԭ򣬵ҲǸˣܾãǵԵˣǸԵˣһ첻㶼Σյġ
ˣҲеʵˣԺҲǻҪϡ
Ϲɲ⣬ħҪǿһֱħʵھѣϹڱ
ģܿͻᣬ㣬ҲоԼ˺ܶ࣬㣬׽ˣֻӵԭ򣬹ƽѣ㲻߽ôⱲעһ˹¶ϡ
Ϲ̾˵
ˮҲ֪ˣԭ򣬵һμʱϹҲħɱԼġ
һᾡŬֻڲ֪Ҫʲô
ˮʵ֪˽ħϤħĲǻüϹꡣ
ڻǲҪ֪ΪãԺȻ֪ģ֪˶ûкô
Ϲ̾
ˮߣǹȥ
ʱüˮȻһ˾޴Ϲ걳ϡ
ÿһο޵Ůˮоһ˿ϤһңԶĸоϤΪĽӴԶı̬ȡ
ϵκһλôϤһںģģƺǲĴڣԼе㻳ɡ
ˮϹϣŮ˲ûбʲôˮͻüǰк
Ů˻һ䣬ƽˮɫһ־ǧ֮ϢˮǸоŮ˶ԻüǱ׽ܶģһֱ
ˮǸҽʦҶкܴİԡ
ţǾһɣ
ϹԾ˵ٶݷȥ
ọ́Ůƺܲϲ˵ü᲻ʱĺ˵ʲôҲʵˮ
иѸٵĸ·ʽֱӸϹȥҸطϢ£Щġ
ˮ˵
Ŷиĸ·Ǻð̫ˡ
üĵ˵
Ů˿ˮƺ
ҪȻˡ
ˮָϹ˵
ŮֱϹ꣬ˮҲٳֱʹ˾С
׼ֱӽõʣһΣݴ½̫ΣˣһиʲôΣգҲƾһ١
ۣǱɽô죿ʲô
üΧȺɽ˼ʵ
Ůƺûʲô
ˮ˵һЩƵġ
Ǳɽ˵ĴڣǴԣûмļ˵ĶѾˡ
ĳǺܰԵֲģڴ½ҲһµĴڣǵļﶼһУֻǵǺܶ࣬Բʲôطܼġ
Ůһѹֵĸоһ˵ĸо޴֣ûʧһƽɽ
ˮԶһĵطֱͺˣԺֳɣȻˮȥǡ
üҲڰŮˣˮԥҪҪȥ
ˮôæ
üһ
ˮԴ֪üڰԼֻǲ֪ΪʲôŮ˻ôԼѵҲоԼϣ׷ħ
ˮֻ֪üŮ˲򵥣֪ܿʲôܣħܴ󵨡
ѩ׵һȾˮŮǲн񱡭
üҲǰɫģûôؽѩףҲ̫ˡ
Ů˵Ǻƽˮûбֳκε˼׽ҲûԶһƽĮӣˮоܴܡ
ҲģΪֻΣˮŸо
һӰˮУ˴飬ɱԼǸʱܷŭܷŭϾ屻ַˣ˭ǻŭ
ˮоܷŭԼԼҲ֣ڿκ˿ûʶԼһ
һ뵽ħʱԼ˵˲ٻƺеԼǰɣ뵽Ⱥһ㣬ƺûȫԼ
ĵһ۱ǸȥˣֻҪʧ䣬ǲǵġ
Ů˵˼Ѳ£ħŮ˾͸Ѳˣ֪£ˮоƺŮġ
ȥǱԵģһǹ
ˮŻüħ˵
ţãһǹȥ֡
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ѾǺˮˣһ룬ŮƺûԼǰԼ˵ʱҲãԼһ𸴣ǲˣϵǱ˵仰ͻ
˲Բλࡣ
̾ˮԶȥ֪ħ鲻ýҲ˳ڵ׼Ǹое㼬֡
ħǰȥֻһ˵ΣڸԼԼ˽⵽һЩ۽ǲߵһҪħΪС
οϹҲ˵ˣŮ޸ԼǾͻһ˹¶
뿪ЩͻȻˮоһӿˣһĽῪˣûɱԼôͲɱԼԼȻûôĺ֮ǣΪʲôҪûʧ
뵽ЩˮЦˣ˱ˣԼûбҪôҪԼηηβ̹Ȼ㣬󵨵㣬ѾûиˣⷢӶںá
ҵһɾĿյأɾó˵ĳߣǴˮȡͬ㡢Ϻҩݡز࣬׼úõĴһ١
ֻҪһ¾ͺˡ
ʣµʮȫϺзرζĶˮǺǿģϣܿޱȵζ
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ˮӦںΣҶݻ֣ЩǴϳǼҾӳռģˮϹǿҲҾߵֻˮû¹ֻʵĵʱоһ¡
ˮڳЩɫȫķִ˵֮أ¥оû
ˮЧǺܿ죬ϲϵİʳķˣüһ£һܰѳϣǲ˼飬ƺĶܶࡣ
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ˮʢõݸüʢһݸŮˣˮȻһƺῼôࡣ
Ůһ㶣û뵽ˮֱӵݸǷǰֽӹ˵лл
⵹Ҳˮһ㶣Һܿġ
üЦţԺҪҪһܳһʱ䣬̫ôദԺҸ֣ǳԵҲİãòá
ã
ˮȻ⡣


1420 ٽͻƣǳ
ˮȻħܼӽźã̫СˣҲʵǻüˮҲôʲô
üȲһڣĿŲʵĿˮźóԣ֪ǰĺó̫ˡ
üҲû뵽һ˿ڳϴﵽɾͣ۷Ĵڣڴ½ʲôĶͨ˺Ů˾Ӷ࣬һߺְҵҲǿ󣬿ǰ˲ѧϺ֣ԼҲ̾磬һ˲ѧҽҩоǳգ֪Щʲô
üˣҪľǳԵЩ
Ů˻ĺһڣȻţ˸оֻĿǿҵӾȻȻͳƲš
ȻûʲôԵı仯ˮǿǾһȣ̧ͷˮúˮĿһ
ú𣿡
ˮ󷽷˵
ţ
Ůĵͷƺһ仯ƺһӴ˺ܶ࣬˺ܶ࣬Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
ǾͶȵ㡣
ˮЦҲ
üҲǺܾȣСӵı仯죬ҹƺͶԱ˲һûкǸһԹȥ˵ݹĶ
һƺˣԽԽо֮һЩΪ֪飬Ӧò̫ס
ֻǻüôҲ²ף׵ŵҲ²
ü΢΢С˵ҳԹóԵķˣ˭ܼ޸ˮⱲӾиˣ˵ǲع
ˮֶһüħĹϵ˿ѷɫЦ˿ǲҿģħǰ˵ѹܴ
һŮû˵üĻûһЧҲǵһοЦħ˵üҲûио֡
극ˮϵʰһ£üվҺ͹֮ǰûаæϴ
Ůһ㶣ˮŹֵĿŮˣŮͷӦ
ˮ̫Ѩɴϴˣ˫˪ѩϴҲһ־޴ܣüϴĺһʼħϴԼģȻϴ衣
üϴһƺϴ˾ǲͣϴȻħˮֻ롭
ˮʱ·иԼŮһϴԼȻϴûʲôħϴ뻹ϴԼùģˮһ뵽ҲûʲôԼˣ׵ģ뵱ʱ龳һ˵ĸоȴΪҩԭޣѩ֬͵Ľ񹤡
ˮùְʲôء
üЦˮǰλ֡
ˮعһӺˣħҲڿһҲе㲻ȻƺˮʲôҲܲ³һЩ
Щ鷢˾޷ı䣬ܺڣֻ뷨ء
ˮ̾˵
Ƹˣ߽ʲô飬Ҹ⡣
üƺºܸߡ
ħѾкˡ
Ҫ
ˮЦʵ
ֻҪ˵Ҿ
üҲЦ˵
ˮҡҡͷˣûʲô˵ģû˲ʱҲ෸ȷġ
Ϊʲô˻ȷأ
üˮڲ˵ɫѾ
ʱ򷸴үҲԭµģʱ˴˲ȥȺأ飬׷ʱ˴ԺкܺõĻ䣬ûɻ䣬̫įˡ
濴˵ĻʵҲ԰ҲҪȻʱһܿ
üˮ˵
ˮҡҡͷЩǰֻǵлҲе﷢еˮ䣬ӶѾˣ˵ܶٷˡ
ҪۣȻҪˣЩԷЩܷһξڻĻᶼûˡ
Ӵ̵ǲǺгɾ͸С
üǺǵЦ
ţУȻΪʲôϲѵء
ˮҲЦˡ
һᣬüͺˮֿȥˣˮҲԼֱӽɾ

ֻˮԼһ̺ңжħӰҲ֪ô£ӶħӰرϴʱ
ܰˮֱ𾫱ʺʯֽ̨ţáīˮȻʼ
Ȼħ
ˮĻѾ̫ʱûнˣһˮеӰʼ
ĲִڻǾеӰʱԿҲһֻο
ԼʶӿʼľϺ˽һڽȥһְϧĸо
еıƤ֮ϻĹţûбߵҲûĲԾȴһֺгһŲζ

Ѿˮһٴǰ˺ܴһ
׽͸ȴǺ棬Խƣƣ
ˮͣʱɾʱ˴룬һŻȴˮģˮںܿģȻͻˣͻ˻Ǿ硣
ˮͣڻǾʱ̫̫ˣѾòͻƵ׼ˣʱҲǼٵ٣û뵽ͻƣûκ׵ͻˡ
Ǿ磡
붼е㲻˼飬ˮŻеŮˣһַ·ŵĸоһȻֻһָоҪǿ̫ˡ
ˮҲǸͻƻǾ磬Ǵ˵ﵽĿԻǣЩŵ̫Ʈ죬ˮоһ־ϵͻƣĻͨ񣬵ܻܲˮ֪ԺСˮ軭˵ľãˮо⼸ܣΪ
ˮ˭Ҳ𾪣ڴ½ĸ߶ȣͻǺ£ˮҪΪģΪ˻ԻǾǻʣεĶֻ᲻ԴĶ
ˮԼһҲۣһܣٴˣͻʵûбߣĴ漸һֲ̫ˣɱûб䣬־սԶһʱ䡭
дľˣԼ쳣ӣҴﵽһϻͻƣ˵ôǺܴġ
ˮľҲƽ˺ܶ࣬ȻеңöˣŮֻҪվﲻһɱúܶ˲跹˼úܶҡ
ˮָоӵӵ磬ʧȥʧȥ
ԲŻְ˲ɽΪʧȥɽҲû˼û˷Ŀֲ֡

ڶˮľԶ̫ȭٴǰ˺ܶ࣬ڴ̫ȭȻһ̬
ɫ̫ˮΧˮһȭ̫գߣ
ˮÿһȭһһ㣬ԶƺһȾһӾ˲С
ħͻüʱվ⿴Զˮ
ôǲǻʤϺܶࣿ
üĵ˵


1421 ֮飬ս
ɣƺϲ
ŮɿԶˮ˵
üһЦˣħһƺ֣һƺһûгƺֻһ֣˶û̸۹Ů顣
ħͻȻ˵Ļһ㶣ȴЦˣϲǸϲѵϲ𣿡
üеĿħ𣬲ħû˿ı仯ҡҡͷϲ
֪֪ϲ㣬ҲΪ㡣
ü˵Ȼûкħ̸ⷽ飬ż٩
㲻׵ģ˵ˡ
ԷʱǲٲˣҪһЩͻٳԵ㣬һϰߡ
ȻŮϴ룬ˮҲΧŮ򵥵飬ȴڿ½ΰ󹤳һ

һһˮŮüɫ΢䣬ŮǾü΢΢Ȼķ
Ǳɽ
Ǳɽˮü˵ˣҲûе£˵Ĵڣֻ˭ҲûмھȻϣ
ˮоһڻĽҰأͻȻеһ繷ʺõԼͷϣʿɼô΢Сƫƫ͸ˡ
Ӧһֻľ
Ů˵һ˵
ô죬𣿡
üʵ
ѾˣһѾˣҪȥҪĽơ
ŮɫǺƽû˿ҺͲ
ˮһܣǽиˣЦˣֻܽ⻹ûгֵľܡ

һ쳹ʵˮͿһ޴ٶȿ𻨣գ۵ʱѾ˲Զ
ʱ䣬ħѾгͬ޴ꡣ

Ϲ˵ҲʾΪ֮ƺûǰôˣǺϣԪֲģɴﵽԪ꣬ǰôǴԡ
һֻ壬ѾˣѪͳرд˵еŮǸǴ˵
ǰ޴ļһ߰ٶ׳ˮٴޣǸоʶмǸϾʵȻʵķ䣬ûǰ
һֻǳӴʥģ޿ǿĴһ
ϹӰҲ󣬵״ͬҪǰӦûҪСһ㡣
óϵľϵǻϵǶϵ
ǼȻҵĵ̣Ǿɣ
ʵһ𣬼˶Ѿ֣㽻ǲŽ֡
ʵѹΧˮŮƺûлҪ˵ֻ˵·֮£ðǰȥ
ȥԣ֮Ҿͷߡ
ͻȻϹꡣ
֮飿ʲô
֮޴ﵽ֮γɵһӣ̺ľһľ۳ɵġ
üˮ͵
˵Ƚ̰ӦҲ֮ɣ
ˮŻüʵ
Уһõ֮֮һ
üЦ˵
Ҫǰ֮Ū˹ǰ
Ҳǹ꣬˿ѷɫֻϹմﵽûжá
ǹǿԱ򲻹ֻܵȻܡ
üҲš
ҲߣǾʹԺˡ
ˮЦЦ
֪ߵغСӣʮӸȡ֮ǵģ
ǲмٴ
ǲǵҪǣѵվŲ򣿡
ˮŶްԣԷǽһö䷢顣
ԣ
˵޴͵ؼˮȻǳˮȴڳ˺Ϲ궼С
ˮҪʱͻȻһסԼҪȴǴŮ˵Ҫȥȣ
ˮӰһöǾ޴ĳ򣬺棬ŹҲǷλʱϹȴӭȥ
ԣ
һһϹǾ޴ӵأǿķƺûܵʲôˡ
ô
ˮϹ˵
ͨĹҶеǿˣʹ֮û̫ˡ
ϹȻǽһ˵Ļһɻǳ
޷ȸӵ˵
ٴγ˹ƺûнǰЩ˷
񳯷
Ч
ˮӣΪҰֻʹԵҲɱﵵ
֮

һ޴죬ƺŭˣһӱȫеʵʵֲ̫ˡ
ˮ֪ʵһˮ֪ˣǧʵ£һʣ²ǧһʵ
صǾʵرĿֲǰǧʵðǧʵҲ˺˵ˡ
ԣ
Ϲٴεסһκ˺֮ܶ࣬ǰôܣֻϹԳһЩʱ䡣

Ǽŭң޼
ͻȻſһƬտɫ֡
Ź
Ź֮֮𡢻֮ףƣ
ˮѸ̤Χһµ𣬽ܴһƬС
Źλ
Ů˾ȵ˵
ţҲˣ˵ǾŹ
üħ˵
ؼһƬ޴ı飬ֻˮڵΧȴûУһǿֱ֮ӽǿı⡣
֮֮й֮޲Ȼˮ˻𣬵ֻ֪ճһƬǿԵġ
ˮĵסˣһ⣬⺮ɲڵʵԵֵģˮ֪ϹħʲôʵԺʵ١
ϹʵǿһЩ
ԣ
һ죬޴ɽ黯˪һû˺ǣɴֱӳȥ˱⣬ſھı档
ʥ֮ػ
ͻȻħһӣһ޴ĻȦһĽ׹ȦΧһӽͻʧ
ħһͨɱػģʱһӣһֻʹһΡ
˵Ͱȫ˺ܶ࣬ػǾԵģֻܵɵĹʼʱǾԷԿȫֵ
ܿ죬ʣµĳıϮ
ս⣡
ˮʱֱʹǿսȻǱֻҪˮ룬Ϳһֱʩչš
ȻһеʵڵֵӰȴǿ桢١ءƵȶ㡣
һʣµĳֱʣ²һˡ
Ů˸ܵʵһɣ˼ĿˮǰҲǸܵˣûһɵʵǺܿµģرǶԷ٣ӣһеС
Ϲӵ࣡
𽣣
ˮһ죬һĽһֲٶ۾ȥ
Źֱӽ֣ҪӴġ
׼սɣ
ˮħͻü˵
𣿡
üɻʵ
ˮ룬ùǰͷӦûġ
ˮɲϹûɱﵣϹʵҲѷɫʲôˣŮԼӦÿԴֻܶѪͳߵ


1422 ǿħͻüĿ
ǾͿʼɣڻʥ֮ػ
üŮ˵
ˮó٣ˮǰȻ˫ָϡ

һǿڼƺһֲıһѪҺеĿ񱩣Ƿɱеıɱ
ܿǷٶȶǵõˮҪһʳַ
ϹڵĹôԿ˵

һٱ䣬һѭֻÿѭжµɱˣˮԼʹǿ࣬öԷܵţʵٴδۿۡ
ɱɣ
ˮһȥ
֮
ˮͻһŨı棬治󣬵ȴǴŴ̹ǵĺ⣬ⶫϣ治롣
ɽ
ˮʶһɽˮߣӭһƬ档
𽣣
ˮʹĽ𽣣нˮеĽıϵҲˮˮֻ㣬˫ۣۡҲǡ
һ¸ǽ໴УŮ˿ˮĹҲ൱̫ˣȴǺЧ
ˮĽҲǰھϵ̨棬ٶȿĲ˼飬ӲޱȣǺɱġ
ˮϵĵɱżʹý𽣳䲻ĹһΡ
ˮն
Ϲ޴Ӱһ޴ˮһĶɨһȥ
ǿǰ򡣡
߲м˵
λ
ͻȻøտ忴һ㣬һɨǧɨ˹һε˽ס
ͨɱ
׵ľħ
ˮһӰһ
ŹǬת
ɽ
һ
ˮֱӾŹħ˸λãȻԷΧǾŹλˮߣǿԵģϧֻ
ˮһﵽǧĹ
ѾֻʹõҲͨɱ
ԡ
ˮףһһЩǱĵɳȥȴҲסĹϵһͨɱ
һ͵ˮħͻüߡ
ˮû°ɣ
üˮϵѪǵʵ
û£ô򰡣һﻹмͨɱͨɱ꣬ǾͰȫˡ
ˮЦ˵
ˮͨǿһιѾˣ֮ǰһŮҲǺܾȣ֮ǰţˮסһϾһŮҲӲ

ž޴ķŭȻ
汩꣡
ͻȻһƬɫƶ䣬ޱȣɢһļµĸо
հɣɣ
ſƶһƬɫı棬Ө͸
кȻһ޴ɫ𣬺˵Źı棬ɢ˶ɵΣϢ

һʵһ͸ӽһ
Ϲһͨɱ
ǿߵĶԿܶ඼ͨɱĽ໥ѹƣֻͨɱԺǿԶǵɱʹõġ
ֲıϣֱӱ棬ˮһ˵ıɱԱҪֻܶ࣬ҪܵסıɱǾͿڲ֮ء
ںߣʵûлָɱһٱƣѾһıɱûˡ
겷
ͻȻϹʹһͨ
Χ뵽һֵľ磬λûԭλãŹλһռһ
һһһĵطϹһǿͨɱµһƬһ޴Ĺ硣
뷨ƵǸλãɫλá
Ϲ⴫
ˮݣǻ
ˮҲңҶˮͻȻ뵽Ź
Źλ
ˮþŹλȥˮȵǣȻںϣЩΣյĵطŹλеľŹ
㣬Źѧˣſ
ˮ˵üѧŹûжãϣ
ҸŹŹֻѧ˸һԪǲǿ
ü˼˵
ѾܺˣһԪԣеɴ󡣡
ˮЦ˵
ü£ȻĿߣϲĿˮٿħ
޴Ȼչˮ˵ķ
ԡ
ײбһЩεǽһײͷۻ
겷ʱҲҲһӵʱ䣬ԼҪٶȣȻ겷ǻķˡ

ˣ쳷
ϹͬʱżѸ뿪
ۣ֮
ʢ겷Ĺʧ
ԣ
޴ıֱӽΧնըˡ
Ȼǿͨɱˡ
üƺĵ˵
ǽ춼Ҫ
޴ֱз裬Ȼסˮſھһ
𽣣
ֶ;ء
أ

޴ٴγһɨǧٴɨ
ֱӵĹЧģֻܰѼ˱ƵǱϾҪ㿪幥;ǿޱȡ
ϹһֱӭȥСɽһײȥ
ˮʱֱг޻нʱˣҲгˣˮƵǽ͵ͨɱûг֡
͵˵ʵҲŮʲôֻ޵ĳٴŮޱȡ
޴Ľ𺳵ĵرգۡ
˵ȻûʵǿѪͳ˿ѷɫҪǿһ㡣
ڤ
֮
̤
֮
׻

ˮеٿٵĵţɱܣͣʩչϹϡ
ˮҪľϹֵܵסĹǲɱ
ʱˮȵķħв֪ʲôʱóһѽ߽ȴѪɫģѪ죬ḻҪγѪ
ˮһ㶣ħˡ
ӰƮݳ죬ȴ
ʱˮˣȻħǿ󣬵ƺǰѪرĹ˼ɡ
ħħȻħ
ֵĽе
ۣ
ħеĳ׾ٵľʹС

ħ̽ȥ֮ͷʳѪҷƻѪܾ
һ޴ȻҪħȥ
ħȴǳ齣ɵĶȥеĽٴδ̽һط

Сģ

ͻȻС֮һγһһֽħ֡
֮ɱ
ͨɱ
׻
ˮüϵĴʧɫԥʹ׻
ͬʱֽѰͶȥ

Ѱ޼᲻ݣֱӽȥֶŪ˼
׻
ֻҪһѻָϾһ׻
Ѫ٣

ˮֱͷųѪٴѰȥļдȥӣ
ۡ
ҲǱѰƻֵԭѪٷĴܽȥֱӽֳŵ֧鱬ը
üʱҲ˹ȥˮüʱҲһ㶡
ֻѪĴ̣
ʺħ
ۣ
ǸֱһС۶סͮͮƲ۾ӰֻݵıһɾڻüرϬ
̺׵Ĵ̽


1423 Ѱ䣬˼ҩޡ
ˮе㷢ǵʵ̫ˣе졢Ѫһ˿־ĸо
ħ
ˮļǵħóǰѽʱ˵һħˮħ֪ģʵֻд˵𣬻ħħǺһġ
ħħԣְֺޣǿ󣬵ķɣħмʺʹ꣬겻ǿģùһʱͻᱻħݡ
Ȼ˵еһ˵ǾʹħĺױɱѪ̡ȣײϣԸ䣬˵һǱħꡣ

ĺʣˮҲ֪ΪʲôħܺݵĺܶʵԿŮĺֲܿ
ӦüȻûħǿ󣬵Ҳѷɫʲôһ
ۣ
ѰһӴУΪļҩ޺Ѱʵǿ̫ˣرٶȣħͻüɢעһѰֱС

忪ʼǾҵİڶħͻüʱ뿪ʱ䣬޴αնһ룬ѪӿʱˮóӰһߡ
Ѫ
ŮĿˮȻѪ󣬵ҲôҪɣ
ˮ׷Žɾóϧһ²СıˣҲֻʱ˻
üζĿ˼ЦЦⶫô̫ˣġ
˴һĶࡢӣȴǶǺܾ
üԵ˵
ǸҵĸоԾ
ˮڨڨЦоԼ֮ǰе̫ˣԼսһ뵽Ͼе㲻˼
û㣬Һ͹ȫ˵ġ
üˮӺǺЦЦĺϣûб˼

ԽԽңԽԽֲ
޳ҵ֮飬͵ɣ
ŭĴ
ף
ˮһ㶣ˣӦѰ

ʹһͷ·˺ѷһĺС
ǿϢֱ½
ˮ޳Ե֮һӡǣֻҪһΧھͿԸܵͻ֪Թ֮飬ᱻΪˣᱻ׷ɱ
üˮ˵
ģû£뷢ּܡ
Ѱһһֱɾ˭ܸܵѰϢ
޴ţ˻ţѰֲģ֮ǰ΢㣬һӾͿԽѰɰٰʮ⣬кͿйԽһƴֲ
Ѱʱ򣬾޴Ѿȥ
Ůûմ˿ѪѰţüֱӰ·ססѰϧûãҲצӹ֪˭Ѻ͵ˡ
ˮС̫ÿˣɣ
ˮǳ˳飬Ѱ͵˿Ŀ⣬ֻЦ˵ҪҵЩҩݶҪʲôʱˣҾץᣬѰԺԴѰ
ãһᴦҪᡣ
üİѰݹȥ
һ
ˮͷŻüĻܴһ˵ֺ룬ˮԼ룬ŮǸѵŮˡ
֮ʲôã
ˮʱƺæʵ
ʵ̳һЩ֮Ѱ̳һЩʵζᷢһЩ仯
ü˵
ˮֱӽӽɾȻֱѾһϢȥϵѪǡۡġΡ衢
Ƥⶼˮһôˮսɾüˮϣϻбôװȥ
֮ǰˮӡʲôĻô֣ܰôһ޴װȥ̫ˡ
ˮЦЦЩҾˣҩǣϴθģû
ˮħʵ
ħͷ
ħͷˮͻȻֺܿģóƳıҩǹǰҩƳģıҩ
ﻹеҩֻıҩͿˡ
ʰһУٴ·ħѾϹˮʩչС

ˮɾľˣѰˮޡ
ɰСͷȴǱе㲻ײ࣬һŽɫͷ
ޣ
½еĴڣӣ޲УҴСҲˣСţӴСˮȴǻ
ˮڲ֪޻ЦѰ
ޣ˼ҩޣ
ˮһ㶣ޣޡѵΪɱ޸ԵôҲ磬ޡ
ҪĻҩޣǰ˼ҩޡһεֱ֮ѰΪޣҲǷ˷츲صı仯һˮˣɾҪ
ˮʵٴαһ¡
޷ݺצӿ޼᲻ݣӲԵֵס޴Ĺпơ
޻գڲһǿĽܵ˺ʱԶˡ
˵ڻǺ˺޵ģΪԴ͸κĴڣǱһЩ޳ԵҲûãϿӳκξԼع
һӲĴһĴڣ˭Ҳʲ¡
Ѱó湥
и١˺
ʹñ򹥻һļʽĿ궳סʵ
սõһٱٶȣģ
ˮҲСţӴСɢֲϢСȻ˳Ϣɺӣⶫ̫ΣˣֲٶһСľͱ͸ˣٱٶֲ̫ˣ޵ĿֲٶȺ޼᲻ݣٶȾΨ첻ơ
޾һ࣬һˣޣ½Щ޲٣޲Ƕô֡
ǸֲһļʽֶסǺʵ޵ɱﵣһܶˣ޾Կɱֶܶôǿ
ˮһս
սģѹɵʵͬʱʮʵǿȡ
ֲרսʮʵ޵ʵѰʱǿûˣػǿҵɱ֮һƲɵĸо
ˮû뵽СΪصĿֲսޣɱһֻ̿ͣҪ΢еģǿȸ˺ˮһ£ȫһҲǽ޻ˣ˿û˵޴ݹϢˮûио
רŶѹɣˮЦˣˮ֪ǿ޺ܶ඼ѪȻҲû⣬޼ܵҩ޻ǰ˼ҩޣܵǿսޡ


1424 غĻ֣Զַ
Ѱ̵֮Ϊ㹻ǿԭ򣬲ʲô޶֮ģһǿ̵һЩҪյ֮ʵǿ޵֮кܴʱ
ɵһֻе΢Сһ֡
о̵֮мʼ̳֮еָʺС֮һ
ѰҲޡޣܶϵһȻɱѰʵֱӱǿ֮еű
ڳΪ޵СˮǺģԺ֮ɱ׶ˣһصǿڣѹټˮĻ֮ɣֻܷʵвС˺ܶࡣ
˼ҩޣ
ˮ뵽ֱȥɾĵطһ飬ʹ˺ܶ޼Ƭ̹ǰѰĹˮĸܵôһʱ䣬ҩݵҩԾ˺ܶࡣ
˼ҩ޹ȻֲʷڲǿļҩޣԽԽ޵ˮһֱûУɾֻҩѾ㹻ˡ
ˮҪֻҪֻˮеҩޣáСеҩࡢƷ
޵ҩѾﵽҪˣ˰˼ҩ޾ݸˣ
ڶ컭üҪѰֻǵˮг޺󣬻üˣ֪ᡭ

ʱڲ֪жȹǰѾˣˮѾս󡢽¸˦˺棬ԶַλôҶϵλòԶַǰݻҪСĵġ
ˮоݺͷûʲô𣬴󲿷ֶǴһ棬ֻݵĶʵҪȷݵĶʵǿܶࡣ
ˮħͻüĿ֪غʵһǧʵص۷壬ǧʵص۷壬۷ʵǧİ۷ؾһҲһڶǧ˰ʵ۷ʵǧ
֪ʵˮоԼĲ׺һߵļ޵׿Դﵽʲô̶ȣѾ½֮ңԶʲô硭
ݣ
ˮһ̤ݣħͻüŶңǿɵ·βסĽ˶ῴ
һȾƣ֮һʥıζ˭ҲŮ˺Ǵ˵ɱħϵһ
ͣˬǼʮˣˮǻĿ˺ããУƽ
ĸоϲ֣վڸߴȺһܶ˶ϲָоҲȺеʱ򣬾ͻȥΪűˣҲĿ
ľ
һľ˼ľĸ߶ȣܾ֮ľֻܿôһ㣬ƾͲߣ߾Ҫ̫ˡ
Ҳһľһһͺһ
ʲô֡
ü
ʲôʱͣҵŮ˺һ˼򵥵
ˮҡҡͷ
㻹뷨ôôôϵ뷨
üһȴЦˡ
ʮһֱǺͼ˾֪࣬ٴϣкܶҪ޷ͣʲô鶼ҪԼ
ˮ˵һ˿ƣ
üĬˣͦεӰǱӰһֹ¶įв˵ģԺκҶһԣ㲻Ҫңҡ
ϰҸ˵ϣʵǸûаҵɺѣ˵ˣ
ˮЦ˵
Ժˡ
ħһߣ飬ֻܸоڿԶ
ôãԵȻҪˮһߣŮȻûʱҲѾʡ˺ܶʱ䡣
Ǻ˶ˡ
ˮʶͻȻֵıסһ㣬˵
һݾͱˣ֣ģǶϲ֡
ħʱȴ˵
ˮʶǿҲ֪ħʶƺǿ
֪ĸ𣿡
ˮСʵ
Ӧڣó䡢
ǻǶ𣿡
˵ֵĿԲ󣬵ǵپͻᱩ¶
ħ𻺻˵
£ǣȻֱӹȥô׷ٶûеط֡
ˮľпΪĵİ׷Բ㹻ϲˡ
Ҳã

սͽ¸˵ˣˮֱʹ˾дһ˲ʧѱٵð취Ȼ֪ħ٣ֻҪ֪ħٻǿġ
Ҳ벻еĿ£һʩչֱһܴȦӣҲȦӣֱһЩ·ʹӵ˸ա
Զַݽ㴦ǺԶʱ͵ˣԶַһҩʥһһˮĻһĽ磬ܽȥûƣʲôʱ򶼿ԽȥʲôʱҲԳգÿһȥͱ͵޳Ե
Զַһ޴ɽģɽ
֮һħԶַսҪΪ˵ԶַзԶһλкܶǰаУ鲻ǵһΣÿλᶼᷢս
˭õöȻͻᷢսһǴģս
ɽԶַ¥Ȼɽ۴ɽһ޴ľ
ԣܴ󣬳Ϳǧס
ʱɽ˺˵ÿﶼɽ˺ܽȥģֲܽȥģ绹ҪĲʵģȥ˴ɽðѰġ
ܽȥĻһȥ
ͻȻˮϤʵǰɣڡšҰȣЩʵкܶǺЩνжԵʵ
ڵķκˣŵ·϶ޣҰǲųģʻüҲõ֤ʵ
ǹȥΣվһϵġ
ħ˵ʹͷǸȥ
ڵļ˻šҰȶм˳Ͼħ֮ǿĴڡ
ֻŮˣ߳Ϸ̴Ůˣ͸ӣˮҲ裬迪ĵ߹
ּˡ
ǰôɡ
ˮЦ˵
ħô
ɲˣקˮƺǣҲˮľˣȻ׽С
ܺðôﲻȥ
ˮʵ
ǰ㿴ΧЩ𣬶ǵˣҲ类ǸˣȥˣǱħȥȻŪþͻᱻһˡ
Ц˵
ˮɣлл
кһŮߵЦ


1425 ţֵܣԶַ
ˮͷŮˣٳȴֲʧ£۴΢һһԸУ㷢߸ԵðĲԽ޳
Ŷˮʦæˮ˵
ǰãҲʲô£οСѾħôߣҲǰˡˮЦ˵
ɣ˵ģ֪鲻ҿŮЦˮ˵
Ȼ⣬ϲҲбҪĻԽ̸κˡˮν˵
ˮ̬˶Ǻƣڴ½ʵЮ䣬û˻޳İԼսˣԽǿսԽ޼֮
ŮҲ赯ɺǿ󣬵ǳֶرĳԣҲðȻڣϾⲻģ˽̸ʱǲ⴫ġ
ŶǾͶлˣħˣںħվͬһϵˣʱ̽ɡŮ˿˵
ðҶڵһЩҲǺܺ档
һᣬˮͰעŵţһɫˣ϶һҰζΣϢһ
ˮţģɱ˴ҵˡ
ʱһֿ
߳ˣǿģĸߴ࣬ϵҰϢرĿֲ۾һоԼǰһֻµޡ
һ⻰ˮ֪˭ˣڵǶֵܣӵ֮ĵǶֵܣ˳ĺ߻͡
ˮɱˣˣֻֻ֪ɱɱˡˮЦ˵
ֵܵ츳ȻֲҲֻ۷ʵѧ壬ʵӦѱʦ֪ûѱǿֲޡ
˺ܿ񰡣ȥддΣϣܰȫ߳Զַ˵Ļš
˵һֱʼ˵ˣԱ߿΢һһֱû˵
Ҳ΢ϵڣʱ˹ô£
ʦͽܵļ˱ɱˣи˶ϡ
ȵ˵Σ˵Ǹִߣħͻü˵ġ
üЦʲôֱӺ˵ˡ
һ㿴ˮˮǲں˵ʲôԷ㣬ʱɱڡ
ˣҲҪ˵ˣ׼ȥɣǽȥ˲ˣʱ˱üЦŴɫõŵˡ
ǰȥɣڵǸŮҲ͵
ȥɣ˵ܲˡһݹ׵˵
Ұȵˣ
ˮһ·ǿϢˣü˵ģźҰߵĽһЩ
ڻһǶֵܵĵλԺܸߣȻΪһһ˺ħ϶
ħֱӴͷħڵҲϣȻֱǾ޴Ľȥ
źҰȵ˻һЩֻҪͻƽĶȥԽԽ˿Իˮ㡣
һǿǽųֻҪﵽʵֵܵסЩ˶Ǻ׵Ľȥ
һ㱵ĸоˮѾԶַһȥʱһ˵ϢҲоеϵζ
ԶԶȥߣɽӰӣһƬ޴ĲԭǺܵݣϡϡľһЩҲǸҰޣֱˡ
ЩʯشЩʯͷСɽһ㣬еĸ߰ף׾Ǹʯ顣
λú棬ʵһɽɽ۴ܶǿտλãһۿߡ
Զϧ̫գ˲ػϢɢȥǰô󣬲ǲôʵϲðյľ񣬻˵̰ľ
д˶ĴҵϲĲ
ȻҲкܶţǰһ仰ˮģĺܶ˶ǻӾӾĲˮҲͲˡ
ԶķˮûпˣҲûпˣһȺһӪ˩һģлҲڱʹӣǵʵ͵һٳʲô⣬Щ˲⽫ֱɱԶַС
ЩʵĴаΪ׵ģһħ˻һΪ֪ħԶַнн֣һսٻһʵûȥûȥš
ˮһ
ü仰ʵʲôҲ˵ˣǺ˴кȻѸȥ
߳˵ʱֱʹ˾УʩչѾԶԶ׿ˡ
ڡšҰһҲ˭ģԶַ˶಻һǺ¡
õֻʣεʱˮͣαϾﲻͬڱĵط
ǲԭɭ֣ܶطǷ棬ɽأҲһҵĵطֲïʢѾŲٵ޴ڡ
ͣһ졣ϹøԵ顣
ħԸȥ
ˮվ￴ħȥȥѲߣħľӢҲĸݼڣˮ뵽Լ󷨡
Ź
ѶȺܴ󣬵Զַ˶֮ˮ̺һߴ΢Ϻ˵ʲô
սĴħͷʵҲһֲܿĴڣħҲһţˣ˵ħҵģϲ£ħžصãԻħڰ춼ģֻҪս¶սӰ
ˮֵܣ
̿ˮæк
ʵˮܺͻüħһʵĽ̹ȻǺޣΪˮûʱҲûᡣ
սֵӦҲ֪ˣϴҽҲκ˸
ζЦš
Цˮɻ
ҽллüսǷ顣
ߴĺ˵
ѾڣϲɣӲźصϢһˣʵѾܴˡ
ˮսȻˣսֿˣͽˮɡ
ǾͲˣֵܣԺħͬս
һսƺ͸ĹϵѰ
ˮЦʵ
δޣҪɻˣǷ飬Ծ͵ˣȥллֵˣüȴǲá
ս΢Ц˵
ˮҲû뵽ǰһѪս׵˾Ȼǻüδ򣬲Ҳͦĵġ
ϸǺøڽˣ֪ʲôʱ顣
ˮЦ˵
˵ˣ˵㵱ǵ֤ˡ
սĵ˵
ðˣиͽֿûȤ
ˮóŹǰ
󷨣Ҫʱ䣬ҵսѾ˰뱲ӵսѪ󣬶ѧĺѡ
սһܾᣬŹ󲻴սѪʺսʺսˡ


1426 սħѪԶŽħ
鲻ҿսѪ󣿡
ˮЦ˵
⣬㣡
սЦŰսѪݸˮ
ˮֱӿһҪһϻƣʿѪҺоһǰһǻѪ
ֲýսѪ󣬵ȻҲǷλϣܵ˵һȴǺЧ󷨡
սϸ磬󷨺ܼ򵥣˵Ļʵ൱ĻһٽԷƽôͻ뱻ƻԽԽ㡣
ˮ󷨵ݸս
ˮ󷨵ԺǿֻҪһ¾ͿԷе
ϵܿҲһ󷨸֣սѪüҵġ
սЦ˵ˮ뵽üԺеһЩ裬󷨵Ӱӣһǿ󣬱Ǹй֮޲
鲻Ҹһ󷨡
ˮ뿴ս
Ͼǻü󷨣սӦкܶ˶Ըƻİ͸Ķ
Ȼ⣬֮á
սǺˬ˵
ˮóħ󣺡ϸ磬ȿţ˳о£Ҳ룬ȥооƳ
ȻĵĴӦսͷǽ漸Ĳ¡
ˮŻüȥû뵽üȻսδޣ֮ǰûһϢһҲûбҪԼ˵
оս治ֻĿǰòŲʮ꣬бҪ԰һ£Ӱʱ䳤һ㡣
кȥħҲڣһЦҲڰ
ţ
ħ˵վӦ׼뿪
ûʲô£Ҳɣһоо
ˮЦ˵
ˮ˵ˣȻҲ
սѪǽƵİɣһڽȥȿ󷨣˳˵˵սѪɣŶˣ㲻ɣ
ˮЦ˵
ǲʲô˵ˡ
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˵ʲôˣ
ˮһʵ
ˣװˣʵҺ͹ƵģΪɱһ绢
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ˮħݹȥһ˸һЦţкôҲб׶ˣ粻ܺͳʵһսһ˵Ļȫ뱻ѪԵͯ󷨾ˡ
Ҳ֪м̫ˣûпܣҪ̫ˣرǸ߼󷨡
ħѵõڡ
ҿǶŹλʵм󷨺ѣҲй켣ѭšݼסŹеȣЩǿõģץסҪںϣȻŽЩСͻĥƽʱȫںϣǾŹǾŹԽǿӦаġ
ںϣʵֻҪˮȫ˽սѪģʱʱ䣬ˮѾħսѪںϡ
սħѪħǷλй̶ƿԉսҪǿԲħΧһģ壬ԵסߣʶҲܵסսѪĿ񱩣Խսӵ£ֹ
ŮǾޱȣû뵽һ˿󷨵ﵽ磬ھħҲǶˮеȣϾһ˻Ķʵ̫ˣһҩʦҽʦһ㹻ߵλá
ŮȻˮôΪʲôսǿ˾ħǿ
Ů󷨸֣ˮǧֱӸŮˣŮҲûоܾ
ˮŮͰһ£һս
ս˶սѪ󼺾˵ﵽ¯زҪľǽħںϣϷλȻеѶȣЩ˵츳ֻҪһʱһҪӳҪʱ䡣
¸ǴɱߵǴ̿͵·ߣˮֱӽŹ;Ź̸ǣöã绢
Щ˲ɵȻܿˮģ֪ˮħйϵʲôϵ治֪ŮϵԼţܺħͻüһ룬Բһÿ춼þи·ʣµʱǲ󷨣ʵķ츳ͷԵҪܸߡ
ʹþеʱζǵ޿УЩ޿źܶ񣬻һЩ޴ԶޣˮֱӲͣʹþУ㱻жϣڿУ޿񳱿еϵǣԿеܶȻСһ㡣
һκܲҵٴεһط޿񳱣ֻһȺޣһλǾеһΡ
׼ս
üÿһ˵ĶС
ԶŽħܣ
һȺԶŽħܣһССɽһˮһ˾ȻģŽֻĴһΧˡ
𡭡
زĺľս
Щʯͷȴǽɫʯͷһľްԣǽɫ·ȼյĽˮ˳˹
ԶŽħڽϵޣǿĿֲŽϬͻĿ񱩣ھĵֿҲǺǿ󣬾ˮЩҲզࡣ
ΨһȱЩһж죬ȻһȺǼɱɱ
֮
ˮʩչеĶʵˮҪľǽͶԷٶȡ
ϫӡ
ӡ
񳯷
ս⣡
ˮڲ˿⣬ֱгޣⶫӦûˮɣٶȿ죬޼᲻ݣרſ
Ѫ٣
ˮΧʹֻѪ٣赲ԶŽħܡ
˼ħͻüʼս
ǵܿɲÿһιܴްϵһ⣬öԷҽвֹ
汬ѻ
ͻȻһֻ޴ԶŽħ֪ܲô޴ܵ˻üǰֻ޴ƴҫ۵Ľɫȥ
üȴǷɵһȻºܶ˶ˡ
ԶŽħܵͨɱʩչʱɵļöԷ޷ʺܴ󣬶ʩչͨʱٶ
ˮ׼֣ʱһѪӰͻȻüײˮʱһ֣һɫ˲ǴԶŽħܣǴǵɫӰ
ս
ˮսսӱ΢΢ͱǾ޴ĽϣߵķһɳȥѪѪսϣԵԽޡ
ս
üѾعսȥϻ顣
ˮӰֻ޴ԶŽħܡ
ָ
ˮ˫Ѿֽɫ޴ϵĴԶŽħϣһѤϵķصĴ
ԣ
ͻȻˮҵһȭȻͿֻ޴ԶŽħܵɳȥˤȥʱֱӳ鴤Ҳˡ
ԣ
һֻ޴ԶŽħͻȻѿԭֱӽֻްԸ֫ˡ
ħĽԽԽ죬ͨɱҲǲϵó
ϹѾסˣķǿԵֵסϾˮ˺ܶ࣬Ϊӹ˲٣Ͳ˺ܶ࣬ǿԿ⡣
ˮֱŻüȥһŽ񣺡ûµġ
ˮʶ޼Ӵ󹥻ڷСһǿҵɱٶռƺֲĴ֮һ


1427 ׽͸ǿ
ˮó죬׼ῪвڲٶȺܿ죬м仹ɱһֻԶŽħܣµǾŹ
ҲҪҶԶŽħܴϺɱˮ˵սȥ
һˮȻ̫սƿһЩܿһЩأͨɱϵѪ׺ǿ󣬵ѾˣֻҪǿһЩͻѣʱֻܱУˮҽٺҲûá
սϸоôˮְסš
սѪȴǿĵ˵ϸǷһ飬Ƿˡ
˲ǣСҽ㲻ɻ顣ˮЦŴȤһ䡣
üϻһ飬ֶһЩǵ˵ôΣ𣿡
ֻҪ˻һҾͱ֤ܸ˾Ȼϸأû¡ˮ˵֣Ȼó룬ֱӰġ
֮ˮǿĻָƣٶȿ˲ţһ˵ҽԴﵽ̶ȣֲ̫ˣҽ֪һ˲ƴ۵
ˮʱս˵ȫˣҲ˸һ룬ֻҪĵһʱͿãûнûˮ֣Ѿܵظˡ
ս߶ʹòʵ
ʱֻһֻԶŽħܴ׵ıնɱ
ԶַԶѪޣһСͻᵹùûʵֻܿʧͻʬ޴档
ˮһ䣬һţһ򵱹һޡˮħͻüˣֻҪһԶŽħ֣ܳǰɱ
ɱ˶ʮֻľȻˣﵽʵûҲЩǻ۵ģ֪ǿˣֻܣ޵ıܡ
ˮٴεõʣЩԶŽħܵƤؼףܵĿҩֿζˮްԵĶŪ˺ܶŽɾȻҵط
Էһ⣬Ŀˮúõĵϸ˽ǡ
üսһ飬սΪ˻üҪɼϲ˵Ѳк󸣣˶Ǿһδѣһ˵
û˻üˮѡħһ߿⣬˳óơ
֪ʲôʱ֣ھԶѾ̫Զˡˮ߿˵
ӦÿˣǾԲԶﶯֵġħ˵
ԶеĶҪ𣿡
Զп֮ܳ࣬ԸıһɵˣȻҲпһ档
ԶַôҪǺ棬̻򲻴򡣡ˮЦ˵
ֿԾԲڣԶԶ⣬ѾǶˣֻڵȶֵĻᡣ
ˮһ㶣Цˣֲħ⼸ÿһط󷨰˸ܵʲô
аսʤ𣿡ˮݸħһ鿾˵
ûоԵ£ű˲룬˰º֡ħ뵽ЩƺҲǺֹܲۡ
ҿĲˣѾŹλڽȥɡˮ˵仰иݵģŮܽŹòѷɫԼɱֲ̫ˣɾŹڵĻ绢
ѾˣϴθҵʱѾʼˣѾԲֻͣﲻͻơħ˵⻰ʱƽˮǸое΢Ĳƺе㲻Ȼָо˵
ˮˣٶȣ츳ȻϴҲʱ䣬ԲǺֲܿˣΪʲôûʹãˮоǲԼڵԭ򡭡
ƺῼЩֻΪʲôûʹãԲԱڵĲҪǿ
ͻƾŹҪͨϺͽϵļѨй̱ӹ޸˫ϵһЩˮ˵ƽ˵˵һ
ˮħʢǵһ˵Էˮо֪ȻԺŮһԷŮ˱䵫ƺܾˣˮͻȻһЩڻ
Ȼɱ˹Ҳˮ˻üڵҩϰ̫࣬ħˣԭͺܹŹֵĳ־档
ˮ֪ħ˼һҲ֪ޣ㣬Ҳ˸о䵭㣬Ҳо׽оһ
ͨĻʱң㲻ôࡣˮЦ˵
ΪʲôҪô࣬ǲ졣ħĿ⿴ˮ
ˮεЦЦԲҾ㡣
Ժ˵ɣһ˾һ£ˣлл㡣Ů
ˮӣԼ˵򡢳ʦĸ˳ûʲôģȻޣŮ˵ӾǺõģٱˮҪ˲١
ˮվ뿪ħصԼ
ʱͽɾ

ˮһλħ𣬼ÿ춼ҪһţǻǾջһţˮ뵽ƺþûлˡ
һˮˮоֳˣһָоǰǺĻɣҲûˮˮɵĸо
һľ磬ﵽ־һܣѾǹǿԼƺһƷζʳһ㡣
ܷ
ǰԱǰǿܶˮϣʱסˡ
һɣһɵķˮôǿķһɡ
Ȼ˾޴ı仯ˮҲٳɣѸٵĻٶȵġָģһȥˡ
ˮЦˣȻһɵǿԼһɣһɣһһɵı仯ֲ̫ˣҺܰԵָӰܰԵܽľԺٺ٣ЩܽӴҲڵһʱ
Ѿͻ֮ˣһһԼһɣ˼һɣʵһ˶սֱöֱԼɵʵʲô
׷
ľ
ػ
зҲпƣϲĻ׷мöԣұĹҲܿ£׹ͻߵʵйϵһֻҪʹóܴﵽ׷ⶫи޴ĺôһʹãƿԽһֻޱǿ޺
ַرľоַԴҲˣԱʱ֮裬ԴһЩʹǿɱ
ЩԹβԱˮٻȡ
ˮĵʵ̫ǿˡ
ڶʱˮͻȻоܹ죬Χɽ֣һоˮһ

ȻΧһǿ
ʱ߲ˣﲻһѾˡˮһʱҵħ
󷨣ҾǸое㲻һ֪ﲻһӦʦȻҺħħü΢


1428 ƴ󣬺ս
ͣһֱ磬·Ȼ״òˣ˼ˡ
üʱҲˣˮĻʵƴ𣿡
ƴһ־ܰڳƴϵ趼ǺǿƴһӼ֮ѹƶֵ󷨾һһεѹơˮ˵
ô죿üüʵҪ֪ߵս̶ܴȶҪģѹƣ൱£Ϊͨͻᱻơ
ʱ䣬ϵԷ󷨲άΪֹƴľ޴һϲ̫ʱ䣬ֻܷأԲӦ䡣ˮ˵
ˮоԼûʲôӰ죬֪Լ⻹ǹԵǸ顣
ΪʲôǿǵأһȥûκӰأü˵
ˮó۷ˮŻģֱڻüһţԥһ£ħҲһţԼһš
üȵĿԶӰ޻Щߴɫ졣
ˡü˼˵
ħҲǿţˮֱӰ۷ȥÿ۷άʮʱҺղסֱӻ˺ܶ࣬ڵóŶﵹҲǶôţҪͻ֮
ôҽɣӦúܿͻˮԷӦûȫй
ħߵƾѾ֪˶ԷĴڣԷ֪ԼһѾ֪ǵĴڡ
ȻħƾǱѹһЩˮķսۻǿһеʵǲܵƴӰ죬ӦҲ࣬οҲǿԼӴٶԷʵ
ˮֱóһЩܷȣϡ
ЩֻһЩǿߣЩҲԷ˶ʹãϾˮл֮ǶģɺټˮսϿȫıˡ
ս⣡
ֻһСʱ䣬ħ𡢻üˮ̵ʵɡ
رľȣȺսߵжǿޱȵġ
ħͻüǸӵĹŹ֣ǿ֪ˮиֲôϿҪʵһʵԼˮƽ
üԸȥô׼һֻҪԷԼ󷨾͸Էͻ
֪ħڵĶһǰΪĪ깤ûзֱӳȥɱֲ
ǿѾûаҹûбҪһҪ͵Ϯ
ˣ
ˮ׼Ѿ˵ˣһ᲻ҪðʧĳȥֻҪվԭش򣬻ߺˣиơ
䣡
ˮ֮ǰֱÿ˷׷ںܿóڶԷ̤ܶ빥Χʱ˺ԥĳˣ׷ԽԽǿۼӡ
޴ĺըһнǧ׷ͬʱը޷ݣۺ۷Ļϵʧˡ
ǳҲˣһȥҲûбҪٺ䣬ԷѾ˳ȥȴ˳˽
ˮ֪Էո˵󣬻ûסֳ˽
ΣȻˣǾͲٳȥˡ

ˮһһ˳ȥͬʱ֮Ҳ˳ȥ
һټϼӣñʵµֱӳر𣬽żʱͽս
ϾֱһʵϾɱķݡ
ô죬Ҫȥ𣿡üħ𿴿ˮʵ
֪ˮλþԽԽü֪ʲôʱѾܶ鶼Ѿˮ⡣
ħھȻҲˮ˼Ҳԣˮ⡣
ˮһ㶣Ҳ֪ʲôоô˵ҲħϴڣȴǵԼ⣬оŮ˾д㣬ֻԼ
ãܿǾͻ᳷ƴ󣬵ʱںԣ͵Ϯһ̵Ľѵˡ
λƴҲܵùˮȻһξԿشһħüʧء
һʧ۸߼۷壬ЩɵδϣһȥûһǧҲа˰٣ȥļģȥǵһʱѳֲסͳ˽ȥ˸ʬ޴档
һսȻݣȴǴĹħʿ֪֮㶼Ϊˮԭ򣬲Ȼһα˵ԷشħᱻشоԼ۵۷ʵ˶оˮǾһ
ȻûжãƴˣħҲ˸ʶϢ
ԶԶλӪħңңԳ֡
ȻûжǾһɣħ¹ϵ
ħĲߵ·Ҳȫˣһֵվλħˡ
ղŲ֪λʶϷ󷨣һˮ˵
ˮˣòͨӺͺܴһֺĸо
ƴǿ󷨣ƺϵƺ᱾ĩˣֻóһر䡣ˮЦ˵
ĳ⣬оԵ󷨽ħ䣬ϧħ㣬òΪʲôҪħа֯ʵҿ԰ǰ;һƬʱʹ÷ˡ
ʲôˮ˵ĻЦˡ
Ķ֮ʿһȻ壬ǿҵԭ򣬱̫ŵȺܶడ˼˵
˼˵⻰ұΪЩ˿Ҳ˵ʲôĻҸоǲҪľǲҪˮ˵
㡭ǲ֪ôħΪûʲô³ģȻ֣ôҲͱǲˣ󡣡
˵꣬һֱӲ
ˣҲ󷨸ˣǽһΣ˿ˮЦ
ðôˮȻû
ǸԲȻԷȥ򣬿˭ܰѶԷͿ˭СûйҲ˭СΣ˵
ӮΣˮͷʵ
ӮˣûʲôǶǶսѡһַʽֱǣ߱ˣܡЦˡ
Ҳǣ˭Ȱ󣿡
ȸɳһ˱ȶһӮ˾Ȳһ󡣡һƽķ
һ򣬺òãˮŮ˵
Ů˵ͷСĵ㣡
ˮĵЦˣŮ˵䣬ˮ֪ʲôɸо仰ͱĻһ
лл
ˮǰߵм俴棬ˮսöԷܾȣرǸ󷨵ˡ
߳һǺϵˣ˴һ£ȴϱˣòׯһһɵˡ
ˣսҺ⣬ħѵûҪһʦսվˮ˵
˭涨ʦսˡˮЦν˵
ǺðɣȻǿʼɣȭۣҲġ


1429 սˮսʯǿ
ˮߵĻЦŻصȻҲġ
ߵгһ͸ĸֲ棬֣һ֪һıһˮһӰɫֲˮȥ
ӡӡѾտԱȵģֱص˳ϣҵһ㶡
Ź
ˮŹ˵Ѿﵽ¯࣬Ӱһֱʧߵһߡ
߷ӦҲܿ죬еɫֲ֮һ̴ˮֺֿޣҪ̵ˮʱһɫֱ
ˮһιĳ˵һǶȣˮԼ
ָ
ˮʱ䣬Ѹ¶ԷһЩʿҲöԷܵѹڶԷЩʵǿģֻҪɱһԷ޴ѹ
أ
һָˮ˵ϣЩ˵ı֣ɫأµĲһɫֲһֲֻһ㡣
һָȥˮɴһӣһ
߳
ˮֱʹó󶯣ˮֲٶȣɱУٶڵ˵
սѾˮʵʵѾƽǧ
ž
һֱӱ˳ȥֻǵһӣˮѹʵҲȶԷǿ֮á
ˮͣʱʱŹȥʮʱ䣬ҶѾһϢѾˡ
ħ߱ȽϳĬ֮ǰǸ˵΢Ц˳ûзʵ治ˣɣ󡣡
һ˵Ǻ̹Ȼ˵š
սħѪ
ˮֱս²ʱ̵ܶսħѪ
սָˣˮκָӣοˮڶ󷨣ħͻüûöﻹн¸󣬶Է˶࣬ԼȫϳпܶԷҲô
˲࣬ôǶԷ˶࣬Ҳ̫ܶ࣬˵һеġ
ˣǿˡ
ˮʾ߿Զˡ
֮ǰһսѾǴ˻رЩˣˮʱҲǽԷֵǿ߿ˣħʵǱħǿͿֲϹꡣ
ֻǰнʮλǿߣˮ󷨵ʵħĸҲ٣սˣսս磬ҲǺǿģʵҲǴﵽ˳ħʮ֧гϻصĸ֣˵ħʵǺǿģֻһγûж٣ħš
УսֵķλվãһѪɫϢмһִӣ·һ壬һ˿˿Ѫȵ쵽ĵˮϡ
սħѪԶͣȻѸٲ󣬺ܿ죬γɣˮһҲһȡ
޼
ˮҲ֪󷨣󷨻и֣רſһЩѪħǰսѪƻᱻȫƣħܾˡ
սѪмħѾǰսѪԱȵģΨһȱʱ䲻
ҲýţӾͺá
ˮ˵һЩ˵ģǵѹҪ̫ҲҪ̫š
޼֮⣡
һ޼һɹ粨һӿȥҪħӶȥ
Ҫֵ
ˮ˵ֹаħԽǵֵԽõǲҪֵο󷨵ħԵֵһЩ
޼ն
ٴκȵȻͿϷ۳һսսܴһһȻХˮ
ħ
ˮ۶۳һѪɫĳϬƺ뻮Ʋһ
䣡
ħ;սײһ𣬷ƵһɿԿõŪһƬ磬жˡ
ʱ䣬ײ˲ǧ£ɢˣ󷨶ܵ˲СӰ죬ʹֹǿ󣬿ϧǲܳ־ãʹ󷨹ѸٷֳʤȻ³ֻܾ˾ƣߡ
˶ûռ˿Ϸ磬ɫܹŹֻ֣ˮ֪ʲô
ʯ
ڵʯ󷨺;ŹǶôֲĴڣԾϻʵϱħǿֹֻܳƽ
սʵƣͻȻоǵʵǿ˲٣Ǹ˵ʵÿ˵ʵ
ҲˮĺǶԭ
ħҲһȣʵ̫ǿˣǿûа취ĥǿŵ㲻˼飬ϺͶԷʵ˺ܶ࣬׸ȴôֻ࣬ڱϾܺô˵ʵƽҪħ֪ԲǶ֡
ɱ
һӣȻһսħѪ
Ѫɱ
ħеɱУΧֱӻ۳ɡ󡱴ӵһϹ޵ֻ̬һΣȴǺǿŶԷ˳ȥ
εĳײѾɱˮ̧ͣ־һ𽣣𽣵ϬٶױȣÿһλӳǴһ˵ҲˣҪ֪ˮվλۣǵõȵ
֮
֮
ˮֱŶʹãһ½ͼֱӶ˵ʵֱڷսʵӣˮʯá
Ѫ٣
ˮǿҪֱ֣ʹѪ٣
ʹѪٵҪʹʱʱļ١
һþ޴Ѫٳң˰ΧС
޼ն
ܱˮ˻ҧ
ڵϷ۳һĽɫӣӺܴ󣬶һͷۣһ
ͻȻ޴İɸߵķתˮһһʱȻܿʮ˱ʵӰʧԭء
ˮһæгɽֱȻȥһʧȥʮսˮܲ
˴ӡӡ
ˮֻ֪þֵɽһ⣬ȻҲԵطǸ
úܿɢˣ
ɱøѪˣ
ȥɣһ
ͻȻһʹͨɱˮȥ
һȭӡһֻ޴ȭӡɢǿҵıϢ
ԣ
ˮҧʱѾֻÿƾɽѸٵĵǰһ޴ˮֱӺ˳ȥ
ԷСˮķˮ׵ĽסĹ
ˮŬ
һ
ֱһȭǰǸߴȥ
䣡
ˣߵʮҲӲˡ
Ź
ˮӰһǰ棡
ָ
ˮ˫ѸٵʩչǰʮŬˣָѸٵʩչ
һָָ̻һոĻЧʺٶզࡣ


1430 ѱߣɱ
ˮϬЩ˴۾ֱһ浹򵽶Էûκ˺Էɱָܽһǿߣǿ߰ǿߡ
һβԣһͻȻһУѾ˲СˣȻʵҪ͵ˣҲкܶߣǰͨɱûóĿ뿪ˡ
һһӣ

ͻȻһֻһֻа˰׵ľһ޴ĺͷ飬ĳ֣˸ȶٴαö־߰
ս˿ֻ޴ֲһʱоңǿĴڣսʤĴڣһߵħͻüҲüͷ
Ҫ𣿡üǵ˵
ȿһֶԷһȫֲסˣٳ֡ħ˵
ˮľϵɫϴʵӦò£û뵽ȻѱߵĴڣѵΪѱߵĴڲŽ𣿲֪ʲôѱĴڡ
˻ߵǰ棬Ǹ󷨵˹˵һԡ
еľǾ޴ζ֮дѹ˷·Ŀѹһʯ
ˣұٻ󡣡˿ˮӸµ˵
ٻҲϡҲٻ󡣡ˮЦ˵û˿ţе죬ΪûǸгô̹Ȼ
ŮλҶԸ㣬ֻҪҪġ˿ˮ˵
ŮҿԼ׷λҿԼΪʲôһҪ˸оʸ𣿡ˮЦˡ
ҲòѾֻܾȥڱɱ𡣡˿ˮĿ
һ£ȴβֹɢλϢĵλԲͣȻҲôĿ
Ϊɱң
ˮֱӻгޡ
޲󣬵ǹӱϢȴľսеľ޴ľްԿ޾ȻֲڿϷ͵͵ĺ
಻һҰֻ
ˮЦſˡ
ֻѪָӣԲѡ
˿ˮߵޣȻһͷȴ
Լֻô˵Ҳ壬֮ǰеңҲˣ֪СϢ͵Ҳܴù
ҪǾһ򣬲֪Ҳң
ˮĻζʮ㡣
кβңС㻹ġ
˵Ļˮ޵Դ
ֱӴУǣһƽֱˣΪʵ½ˣ½ɵеʵ
ǰˮ޵ʱѾʹ˷ս⡣
һ޴Ȼһɨɨȥ
棡
ڼ̳ı棬һģԺʵмʽĿ
žž
ޱ˳ȥֱ֮ǰıûܽס˿һ½СɣҲһ
ǲ࣬壬ľϵһָͿ쳣ǿ
ˡġʾˮ
ˮЦŲ˵ʶһ
֮

ڷˣ֪ΪʲôԼʵͻȻٴ½ɻ֮࣬Ǽʵɣֻܷӱɵʵ
ٶȣ
ʲôҪܶôǿֻҪٶû˾ֻ׸ķݣͬĳٶȵͻȻֻ֮ܰˡ
أ
ֱǾ޴ϴ˸޵Ȼ󣬵ҲСţһôһǾ޴ҲǸоԲѪҺϵ
Ǹʼû޵ٶȿ죬һ̫ˣȻ޵ͷ
ң
˫ŭӰһ޳ȥ
϶
ˮЦ˵ʵҲˣ֮ǰû֮ͷսҲǰˣȻҲôشԶ٣ˮоûʲôŲҪοЩʿƤµûбҪʲôء
ԷԼҲôûоԹƽĴڣֻҪԹƽͿˡ
𽣣
ˮһӾһͬʱ־һ޴Ѫֱס˵ȥ·
ôһʱ䣬ϴ˼ֻǿֻŲʵһΣͻȻȫɱա
ħ𡢻üн¸ȫϹҲˮгԼļֻޣ֮ϵŶԷʩչ
䡭
һ׷޴ıըһƬ磬һʱɢ
ƴ
ǿʲôƴ󣡡
ˮеɳȥо޴ޣɽҲˡ
ͻȻؼһƬɫˮҲ֮ǰ󷨲ģϵ裬Ҳƴϰ£֮ǰ˰Уܶණǽ֮ǰ˰ڵƴµİ衣
ˮһΰڣһ˰ڵĺãˮʯֱƴ󳬳
䣡
ɫճ˺ܶĻɫƶ䣬ˮͺһ
ٴÿ˶һ׷
һײ˿ǻɫƶ䣬һʱ׵ǧߺȻ¡
ر䣡
ˮͲȣ
̤
һֱӲȥôϳ˲Ĺ֣ɫĻһΧһ¯
׹ػ
һ˸Ӳء
ܣ
ˮֵ̤Ĳһɿۿ彫֣ͻȻо˵ĺƺӡ
ɱһ
ˮʦȨοˮЩѾͬѰȻ֮ǰʮˣսǲܱģҲ˸ࡣ
أ
ɫȻأظãħʿ߰ɱԲμսһô˷ܵ飬һһԺһʿ
ˮħ𡢻üꡢԼרɱԷǿߣͽɱһǿ߾вһ㡣
ˮ󷨣ֻǺϻ޵׻ֱǿߵجΣˮÿγֶ벻Ľʱӷʱӽ𽣺Ѫ٣ԷĲٵ޶һֻɫСˡ
սħɱɼ̳սѪһһֹܽĵˣԷʵû̫ϲĻôսħѪʤ
ˮ˸ԷӰ̫ˣϿֲǶԷ˶࣬ǱɱóҲа취Ԯħͨǿ󣬶ҾȻˮҲǺܾȡ
ܳͨͨ죬ģķԼıս֣ͨ
ڲͣļ٣֮ǰǰʮ˺ǸѱҲնɱˣһʱ䣬սȫת䣬ʣµѾսʵٴδۣ˵ĸˡ


1431 һԶɭ֣ԶŻ
ħҲˣǿԺԲƵģ˵
ҽɱ൱ȻˮһֻҪָ־ֱӳԷͨɱĻᶼûУһʧˡ
ɱ¾һ浹ɱ¾ûţˮ֪Χ˻ῴһУǧĸ־ûˣЩ˶Ǹ֣мʮˣǧһûˣϾѱߴڵ»ˣҲˡ
ˮֱӰԴռóһЩҩ˵ˣܿͻָˣһЩģûκζ¡
ȻЩѹһ޴ʤֵÿĺףġ
ռսռʲôģЩռĿռħħȴøˮˮôĿռЦЦҷһºˡ
ÿ˶һռЩǿߵĿռвĶˮˮֱһһúܶ˶ǾȣҪ֪ռǲװռģռĶǲװռĶ
ɾĴڣֻл˺װµĶ֮ⶼսȥ
ֻܽռԼӡϡ
ˮûȥŮоҲҪʱñĶǣôȻҪǷġ
ﴦֱ֮ʹþ뿪һ޴ŵɭ֣ȫǲľɭкСɽʲôģնסˣ涼ǻ谵ġ
Զɭ֣
Զɭ֣˵ֵԶԶɭУһΣյĴڣҪֹԶž֮ΣգҪϮ
ɭżбٻľе߰ߵľÿһöǧ׸ߣִզࡣ
ԶɭˣҪСģԶɭǿ޺ܶ࣬ЩľǿģϷһοԻٵģо綾Ķ桢ʲôģҲвԶޣ෱࣬Զַһвڡ
ü߱˵
ţͻȻǰһֻԶŻߣʮ׶֣ð׸ߵĽɫ棬İ׳ɭУΧľȻûһ𻵣˿ԶŻߵʱҲһ
̫ӾˣֻҲɢϵǿϢǻһ壬клѪ
Ȼڻߣͷʲôģȴ߹֮һ˵еľͷߣǵߣǲģҪǿ
Զ־ȻˮҲ£ȴͻȻ˳ԶŻߵʵףȻȲҲ̫࣬Ϲࡣ

δſѪһŨ
̫𡭡
ˮһɫһ䣬ɽֱӳסǿھ޴Ļ档
˿쳷
ˮ˵һЦˣæгޣѹ˵Ҳæʹ˻֮
˻˻
ԶŻһĻ汭¾޴һɨɨϵĻ沢ûΪѸٵɨʲô仯
ݣ
ˮֱóԶŻ߻ζ·궼Ҫɳȥһ㣬ĿһҲԶ
һҡΣԶŻһٶѸٵʱֱӹȥһ󶴡
˻˻
ͶȻӵлޡһ
ˮס֣ûԤϵģоǻޣˮо˵ޣֻΪʲôлޣѵ֪
ûȤˣս飿ˮͷü
ң𣿡üһ㶾ϲʵӵһֻԼսޣǿսޣǰֻԶŻ߾ͺ⡣
üֻһսϰﲻħϹԶ֣ͨͨٶȺսǺǿ
ȻιȥԺѱˡˮóһƿмʥ޵
ʱ꣬ˮҲһЩмʥ޵̫󣬲ÿʹöƵģѱʦһʹһž޷ˣ˫ıҩˮûԹоʥ޵ûá
Իüʵмʥ޵ѱԶŻûκģˮԶŻеĲˬջʲô뷨
㣬óıٹȥ
üһ㶣óһѪɫĴ̣ȻԶŻȥ
ˮԶŻ߿üıһֵֹſ죬Ȼмʥ޵ˮҲСֱóһЩ޷õĶϹڡ
üĵιʳԶŻߣһЧԲˬģϾΪ˻üѱʦܸıģοʥ޵ǺܰԵ˫˭ҲöԷشԼĺôҲܴ󣬴Ҳ
û뵽һԶɭ־͵õôһݴԶŻ߿ǺǿģϹ꣬ٻڳϹ֮Ϲ껹Ҫǿһ㡣
ԶŻһ࣬ĻΪ̫ܿ£͵˵ĵ治£ΪʲôԼѱΪħ
ʵ޶ˮǺջģͻʵԶŻߵʵǺܴѱ˼ǺܴһǿǿѾʼֻҪʾ߿ɿ˵ʵ
üɿ𣬴ǿ϶ģˮһ־սһԻüԸսҲ˺ˮ顣
üħұۣŮϵԲһ㣬׽Ҳѷɫǳһ֮֡
üǿҲħǿԼħ⣬Լ˳ħǸŮ˲ԼڴС
ԶŻߵϵĻȥģȥ֮һֻ񿥵Ľɫߣ޿áˡĻҲǽɫģڻüرǡ
ħûʲôԱ仯ʼʱˮۣ˵ˮ˵ҪûüԶŻߵʱ
ҲǽԴϲ飬ħʵٴǿ֮ǰˮ̵սǵ󷨣Ҳǲٵʵ
ͻȻˮԶŻߣⶫӦ֪ԶĴڰɣǶڴ˴ĵӦúϤڶԵУԶŻߵþʹˡ
֣֪Զ𣿡
ˮĳƺҲ֣ǿԶŻߵν
ԶҲЩһҪȥԶ𣿡
һļ
Щˣ
ˮɻʵЩӦѾˡ
ԶѾкܶˣǽȥԶŴ󣬻лԶޡ
ԶŻ߼һκƽ
ԶĻԶ޺ж٣𣿡
ˮæʵ
жҲ֪ܶ࣬ô׵ġ
ˮԶŻߴǳ·Զȥ㲻ԶҲҪʮµʱܵ
ԶŻһҲߣڣһ·ϻرİģˮûʹþУҪϤһĵΡ
ˮûԶʲôΪ֪ԶŻӦҲ֪ԶַвֹһԶԶַҲкܶ࣬ÿԶеĶҲһģԵˣеԶûнƣеǲԶŴлԶޡ


1432 սɽսͷ
нƵһĶûнƵԶҪĶϺܶ࣬ȻҲǾԵģеûнƵԶĶҲĴڣ˵нƵԶһЩ
ԶŻԶɭгӵ࣬ԱһЩҪðգһЩҪ鷳
ħɱ䲻һԣǲһԣˮ֪ΪʲôӣȴȻģһ쵼ħȴǲô˵ԿüħҪԣʱ䣬ˮֺܶ鶼ǻüڴ
̤նУĽһƬ֮״Ķ֪ǹǱ̨诵̨̨ӵ
ԶŻǰȻˮüħ΢һλãսȻûȫãϸ·ôд󰭡
Զɭֺܴ󣬴ޱ޼ʣľҲͬһ֣Ƕ֣һͬ㣬ǾǺܴ󣬲ľ
ǰһùͳΪȴֵǮĴڣˮûҪŪߵ
Ϣɣǵǡ
ħˮͻü˵
ˮ֪Ů˵аһλվһӪϣŽͶһʤ㡣
ȻûλúܺãھͻԶ̫ˣԶ´˵ģӦòҪȥԶﶼܸܵϹˡ
ԶԶַڲǺԶԲõϼģȻ˿ʼҲעĶ
ʱһιȥˣڵҲˣһ˻һҲرӴ˲Сӣˮٴο軹ŵǶֵܡ
һˮܹȥһʥȻģģ޷԰Σʥġ
ˮֿˡ
迪ĵ˵
ʦмεҡҡͷֻǺᣬΪɲ顣
ǰʱ仹ðɣ
üħ߿ˮħ˵Сϲ
ʲôϵ
ħͷҲص˵
ˮϲġ
üЦ˵
ֺʲôϵ
ħͷŻü
㲻ϲ𣿡
üЦ
ϲ
ħɴ˵
ţǸ°͸˵˵ɣұ֤㴫ûϲˡ
üĿħ˵
ħŻüȻ˵ûжҪ𣿡
Ȼˣ㲻ûǺź㲻Ů֮㲻һ˹ػ㡢㡢𡭡
üգ˫Ըеˮ˵ڹƻ
һûĵǲЩġ
ħûеȻü˵ҡͷ˵
üֱӱҭһȻεЦ㲻ҪôĥԼⲻ뿴ģʵϣֵܿ
ҹԼһأһ¶ˣעҪµġ
ħʱ˵еģ޷·ģû˿Цһ˿ЦⶼûпԶ޵ĺ
Ҳܰ
ü˵
ħˮ͸СˣϲˣȴǼסˣһǣȴ·ӡһһ˵ĸоúͻû¶塣
ˮʵʲô㣬ҲнǴԼӡˣܻ˵⣬ȻⲻԼķӡ
ֻĳɳֲ̫ˣÿһμоʵİ·һֱڱ䣬رȻħҲ֪Σ
ħҡҡͷɣҲñ̤̲ˮ
˵֪Ϊʲôħһﵽ׵ģȻֺαһֱرԼء
üš
Ժ˵ɣҶҵģҲ֪ʲô黹ҵĸȼ
ħ˵ǰȥ

ŵֵܿˮȣһ˿壬һԹޣˮʶǿֱӻͷȥÿûȫջȥĿ⡣
˶Ȥ֮ԳΪĴа֮һΪ˶ǱȽϻħɱŮߵţŲ˵ˣҰǸаĹܶ඼аġ
ˮǵĿû˿оֻҪǸСˮֱǣҪ
ˮյĺݣҪСĵ㣬廨ŵֶκܶ񶾡
迴ˮٿǶֵܣѵ
òҪңȻҲԶҪСһ㣬ҿƺ뷨
ˮЦѵ
ɫһ̽ͷˮ˵û뷨
ˮ΢΢ͷе㽿ߵŮˣҲǸĴڣ뷨һû˵ʲô
ģŵģҾô벻ķ𣿡
Ц
Ǿϲˣҿǲġ
ķǣˣ߰ɣ·ˡ

ˮѾʼֻҪԾͶ㿪裬Ҳעŵˣŵĵ̺ܷḻѱѹģΪ㲻֪ѱʲôޣرǿޡ
ʮˮһѾԶԶɭһտĵطһûľĵطȴһƬӴɽ
սɽ
ɽرĸߴ󣬵ȴǸо֮۵ɽһ޴ʯսʯ
ʯаɶߣͦξպͷ紵򣬵ȴû˿𻵣ʯһսףһǹվȻһǿҵѹ

ʯȻǱģ˭Ҫ̤ɽҪĹֻһ˿ȻôֲȻˮûпʯʵͿԲ³ţӦúʵ¡
ˮ޷ΣоһԶŵϢԶŴϢʯӦУֲôǿ
˺ܶ࣬ˮһϤɣ˺ܶ࣬϶ݵʵݺͺûҲ
ˮһоﲢûʵȻЩѾݽ˵ˣġ
ʵ½ӣο¶ڱĲһǿģ¶ҲǿģǿһӴ֯ͷݵһ

ʵǣҲǣҲǣͻȻ뵽˵ĸԼ˵һֲ죬ѵݵ죿
뵽ˮˣΪһʲôģо֯죬ħݵʵǵжԣ֯Ȼݵʵ
ˮԼҪҪ𣿻оΪʲôһУĽҲֲ̫ˣʮʱһߴﵽɾͣˮ벻ͨ
ˮںң֪Ǹ˵ļ仹ڲڣĸ׵ϣԼǲ£ԼҪħҪԼô죿
һпҪˣ֪ǲ˲ʶԼӦûԼڵĸмҲֻļ䡣


1433 ս񣬴
Ǹˮļǿյģĸ׵ԭǸ˸Ҫǰ۰Լĸĸֳн㣬ĸҪģ˽ԼŮˡӣ
ˮʲôأ
üˮе겻ʧǵĸоæ״̬ʵá
ˮҡҡͷЦ˵û£ˡ
ˮ׿ͷûкǸ˼ǰʲô׼ֻҪħʵֻҪʵǡ
ΧɢĺϵõһˮһҲԶͣ˭õı˭Ҳһзˡ
˵ӦҲУΪʱиӰȥܶ˶ǿǵӰȥžͿǾ޴񣬾޴ǹȻһӶ£ǹӰ
ȥҲһˣһ֦һĶһӣһԲȦΧм䣬ȻȻǹӰ
Ϊ˿Գȥʱ޴ʯȴǽо޴ǹһһ޴ʯһתֱӽ֮ǰǸ˾˽ȥ
䣡
һǰǸֱʧˣʯҲָ˾ֹ̨µ˶Ǵģ֮˲ŷ׷׵
ôֻ˴ʯҲûж˶ʬ޴档
ǰںܶ˶ǴźڳԺڵ⣬ʧ˭Ҳܲսʯһܴ谭޾಻Ψһİ취Ǵȥ޷ܻٵս񡣡
սʵǿ޵еģֻսĲϺ⣬ô׻ٻģȻͱЩ˻ٵˡ
һʱûȥˮҲԶսôôģԶŻѾˮ˵ˡ
Ѿ˽ȥˣҪҪȥ
ʱԶһˬ
ǴһӪˣһ΢ϵˣֱͦһɫ³гһ֮һɺȻ
ʵ֮ʿֻ࣬ҲвαС˵Уе֮ʿƭˣڹ
ǽĸˣĸҲһǿɣע뽣ĽעؽģʽҪĵ
ĸһѽǿĽĸһѽԻأֻǲ֪ڵĽĸûǿߡ
ħͷû̧ŵһ˳ô˽ȥˣӦò˰ɣֵôҫ𣿡
仰湻˵ģ֮ǰѾֻ֪˽ȥˣԲŻô϶˵
㡭бҲȥˣʱһҲȥǿɾͰ˶Ѽˡ
ǰǸ߱ŵڿߡ
ǵȻҪȥǸյҪϢһȥ
ŵ˺ǺǵЦ
ˮܣߴԼ֮ԿһЩǷ·Ʋ֮Уսɽɽһǿҵѹ֮رĲ
ʵһĿѾﵽˣսѾʤˣѾ֪ˣԶ˳㣬аһ˫ʧֻõĲŻӮң˶ңòʧ
ȻҪοҲһϣԾˣѾȥˣֻûпǼ٣֪Ҳ˵׼Ǹҥԡ
ô죿ҪҪȥԣһ˴һŵΪ׵˵
ҲˣսǿѾʮǿˡһɭ˽ӵҰȵһͷˣݹᾣȴɭе̹⡣
ô죿ŵ̾˵
ս󷨵Ĺؼ봩ս뾫ͨ󷨡Ұȵ˵
ϣ˵ϵǿ󣬲֪ܴܲȥ
ŵֵеһʱ˵
ˮһ㶣ˣҰȺһһ͵뼤Լǰȥ취ȻôǺЧġ
ⲻܶȶˮħ֪ħͨ󷨣ħĴа֮ףʱ򲻳ƺ˵ȥ
ˮЦЦ˵ԼϵǿǰͻҲǺѣҪ˺ϣֵ֪ܲүǺһȥأ
ֵҲдһʵҲҪǰ
ֵ˵ЦˣֵܻҪŵ˽ȥ㻹˵ħ˰ɣõ㡣
ƤЦⲻЦ˵
ˮ֪ҲǺЦˣ治Ǹˡ
㡭
ֵɫࡣ
ǿҪǲǸˡ
ֵ˵һ䡣
ģүǾͲûѵ¡
ˮǺǵЦ
ֵθɴı죬һѾˣ˵ֵûѵ
ˮ̫ˡ
ˮЦ˵
ŮֻҪһлͻˮߡ
ˮҲ˼˵ʲôܸܲ˼߰ɣħȻοǸŮ˶˭һûʲôо
üսһ˾ͻҸˮߣܲÿζ
ˮҸ뿪ħͻüȥ
ȥ˭ȥﻹҪһƿؾ档
ˮЦ˵
ȥ
üԥ˵
ȥɣСĵ㣬Ӧòôʲôġ
ħ˵
üͷˮСĵ㣬չ˺ù
İɣû˿˺ǸʯҲС
ˮЦЦڻüħƽ޲˳ȥ
֮ǰҿһᣬðԲܣλΪݵ㣬㲻ȥ˾Ͷ㵽λʱǬλ˵ʱλ
ˮ˵
ˮ˵ҲħֱӳȥħҲҴ⣬ˮȥ
ԽǹѹԽǿҡ
ĴаˣħǸ˭
ħƺûкǸһ
Ů˰ϧ̫ˣޣûмܵ𰡡
ܲŮһЦҲֵˡ

սеǹֱһֱˮȥ
ɽ
ˮӰδɽѾӭǵǹˮȴһȥ

ǹֱӽɽɣ͵ˮ¡
ʱħ
壬סҸղŸ˵ģ߰Բ
ˮͷҲصħ˵
ħȥˮһֵǹģˮĻֱӲǬλҪźȥ
ʯٴһӣǹӰ
Ź͵컻գ
ˮǾŹߣһЩǺǿģһӣѪٳȥսƶȥ
ˮľľսУһɵʵ˵ҲΪʲôôǿ
֮
ˮֱʱսʩչ֮ҳɹˣ֮԰ԵžϷս⣬ֱսʯʵ½һ룬ֲ̫ˡ
ͻȻʯһ֣ǹгһ޴ʯƬҽһĶˮ޴ʯһ
ħѾսˮоʱˡ
Ǭת
ˮֱӽս


1434 ʯޡ
˲䣬ˮս˸λãһˮֱӽ뵽УͬʱħҲ뵽Уһͬʱһ㶡
ԶŴ
ԶŴˮڣиɱأŰͼʱˮҲһ
ʲô̫һɱһս񣬺ܿǸ˾Ѿҵŵ뿪󷨡
ˮһ¾֪ˣֻҪǰһλãսͻħ˵Ҫ󣬵һ֮λõҡ
ʱսЮ֮ѹ
Ź
ˮĲÿȫսĹסսҲ̫֮ħȥԼһȥΪ˲͵Ϯ
ħ˶봦λãˮһ͹ȥˣ˲ħߣҺܽŵĵ㶼С
⿪ŵ󷨾Ѿôˣ滹֪ʲôΣյԼģȻԶˮһҪõ
ȻûмԶҲ֪ĶǺöнƵԶкöĴڵġ
ˮħһͻȻһǿҵɱסžǵصɱ⣬һַڵ˹
ˮҲ˲ʲô̫ǿˣֱץסħ֣˲ʩչŹ
Ϊ֮ǰѾʶס
Ź
ˮħʧԭأ
䡭
֮ǰվĵط˲һƬһ¾ǾҲܽʸ飬һǧ׳ȥˣվˮſ򹥻Լħˣֻǲ֪һ˳ֻ
ǼʵǾʹͨɱ
ͻȻеϸĲһ˵оͻȻŷԼħ衣
Է𣿡
ħ䣬ȴǺȻû
ԣȻԣʵϲ㣬һҪȿҡ
ˮ΢Ц˵ϴѾ뿪ˣŮһҪƤȳǽսǻҪ񣬲ȻûһᣬûиĽˣֻҪͻ״á
ħƺû뵽ˮͻȻ󵨣ȻʱԼ˵˵Ҳϲ㣬Ҳϲˡ
ˮҭ˸
ˮﻹǺܿĵģΪ仰˵ħŲСҲУǾ仰ˮֱӹˡ
ˮҲսɽ龳һ
Զ
⽨ɢŹϵϢһֺζ͸¶һŨصϢеĲ
ԶûпӦаɣ
ˣ·һһǴŽĸ·ֲ֮ǰǸĸôţһ˳ȥ
һˣЩûѵ¡
ˮֱŶԶ˵ȻԶȷʵú
ħûпˮ廹΢΢Ļ˻Σƺڿʲô
ȻˣǾһսˣʡһỹҪս
мǸϵѿܺõ˵
Ϊǲֹ㣬˳ĽԶ𣿡
ˮЦſŶԷ
ûֹǵȻԽԶˡ
Ȼ˵
ûԶޡ
ˮЦʵ
Ȼ㲻ҪлԶޣ󷨵ûлԶ޵ģô㳣ʶ֪˳Ц˵ˮ뵽ԶŻߣӦòдˣ޵ԶǺǿģЦҲ㣬ǸҽԶ𣿡
Ū飬ȻȽȥ
˵ֱźΰĴȥ
Χźܶľϡ٣ΪرĲԾһϲľͷ
ż˽ȥħûʲôӦŮԶôȻȻ˹¶ڶ˵ҲֺȺɺףһȺôгҲ˸оɺףǸоɺվһ顣
Զвûûκεʯһ
ǽȥɣʲôö
ˮЦ˵
ţСĵ㣡
ħ˵Զȥ
ˮܿģһˮƺо仰Ųһζ
Զ̫ˣν¶㳡Ҫ󣬲Ǽʯô򵥣ֽʱ̫ˣ⣬ĽƣԷ𡢵κϧֲ޷սףȻ޵еġ
һȥֻһռ䡣
ʯޣ
һڹӵӣʱվˣһˡ
ô㲻㻤Զޡ
ˮ߱ߴк
ǵһֻʯ޲Ϊʵֺǿ޷ǿڱӦþһıذɣҪܲܵõ
˿ˮħ𻺻˵
ǲǹˣҪǹػֱ˻ȥ
ˮˡ
ߣǻ᲻ҪǲǴǴʯ޵ʱء
˿ˮƺˮȥ
ûʱ棬Ҫȥһ㣬ֻʯɣ
ˮʯ޺Ĵ˵
ǰֻʯһֻ޴ʯģ׳ɫզ࣬ʯҲǱӲʯͷ̶ɣܼ򵥣ֻһ񱩵зצӡܲˡ
Σֻʯ޴ǲܽȥġ
˲мĿˮ
ˣôȥġ
ˮгޣȻԼͻȻʯ޳ȥ
ֻʯֻһΧڶַֻʱŻ⵽ʯ޵Ĺ
Ϊػıʹţֻ޴ʯ޻Χ󣬲ԶɱֻʯȻҲܣˮ֪޼᲻ݵܴܲʯޡ
ֻʯ޵ٶȲͻƵĻͻᱻʯķɣ޵޼᲻ݲκζܴݻٵģο⻹ʯޣпܡ
ĴǿŵģֻҪͻʯ޾ܹȥֻʯŲǺܴ󣬱ʯ޵ţһЩǱţĵһ֡
ˮʩչžŹʯ޾ǲ뿪ǵʯţܲϵĹ棬ʯ޾֪ƣĻһԳǻٵȻ޷ȥ
ˮǰʯҲǼֵĲ֪ô죬м乥ʯϺܶ£ˮĹԷûκӰ졣
Բѣһ
ץסᳰЦˮ
ˮǸưʱȴڲϵʩչűѾٴˣֻΨһЧֶˡ
ӵȼһУһļʽĿ
СҲǼʣˮڵȡ
˵вУǾ˻ȥɣҲòıأǲҪˮˡ
ž
˵Ļ˵꣬޴ʯһ飬ˮٴסħһ
Źλ
ˮǾŹ֮ڵߣ޴ʯ΢Ųһ»ǿԵģһֻһ˶ķ϶ʦţѴ˹ȥ
ˮһҲǼ˹ȥһ˲ˮħһ˲ƺоǰϴĸоǿ϶еǿοħغͦΣ


1435 ʮһŮͼһ
ζˮ˰Ǳ˳Һһһֻ˹нƣȡȻûãȻҲͲôõˡ
һʯţħ뿪뿪ʱˮܵԼϵеԣоҲһ㡣
Ȼˮеļ仹ô»䲢ڵĸܱҪá
ˮħոս˲䣬˾ȻҲ˹ٶȺܿ죬ֻħʱеѪɫֱ֣赲סԷĽ

ʱ޴ʯȴǻָˣػͺĴţڱûˣʯҲȥˣʯŭˡ
ĸнƨɺ棬һʯһʯɫĹɢ
ԣ
ӵֱը˾ŵȥ޴ĳֱ˿ѪѾˡ

ħһʯ뿪ˮĿˮûκαʾޣˮпһ뷨ŭûУˣûС
ǸʱѾˣ㻹ҾͲˡ
ˮ΢ЦŮ˵
ˮĻŮ˵ֽ˽ܣˮǰĻ
ˮҡҡͷǲиĲ翪ġꡢŭȣֻҪʧؾͺãϧüˣ¾֮ǰˣ˵㻰ûбʾʱʧشˮһٶܿĵġ
һйڣ򲻿޷˽ʧˣҪ´ȻˮΧһһ
ź֮ǰĲֻ࣬Ǵһ㣬һֻͬСʯޣֻһֻȮޣһֻͷȮģ
ɫģԶһֻҪӽķΧͻᷢݻ٣ڹΧöκηӦͻᱻ

ˮƺץʲôȡӿñİ취Ȼһɹһԡ
ѾõһˣÿԿʲôӲ׶೤ҵĿȣһߵĸ߶ȡ
ֻСˣǿʲô
ˮħ˵
ŮˮоеãŮǰƤһ㣬Ҳֻ΢Ľһ㣬һǾ޵ıգܶ಻ҪĻ˵
ħƺҲȤûоܾߵ
һʯ̨߶ȣⱦ߶á
һڹӵӣӺܳ¾ɣȴβסһɲǰҲȻʧɫ
ӣûʲôĶֻһһ飬Ӧսߵ֣ݻʧˮǻʱˡ
Ůͼ
һŮͼǵʮһˣѾþûзˣˮе㼤֪һǲԼʶġ
ˮŻ򿪣
еŮӵĸһɫķȹϵֻ㷢߸𣬳޳ѩ׵ķ۾
΢ɵķȹβסϵߣǿŵǰ͹̣µͦθоˮӾ
֬üԶɽĿˮ£絶վ˴ԼףԶ·͸ܵϢ
ɫķȹӺݻ֮Ǿ֮ϵŮ
࣡
࣬ˮﻹе㿪ĺԺģԼŮˣԼӡ
վԵźϣȻˮоûħŮˣֹĵͬо
ˮڿʱħҲˣֻû˵
ŻҺòã
ˮħ˵
Ӷġ
ħֱ˵
ҸһЩҪҪ
ˮ˵
Ҫ
ħܸɴ˵
ϵأ
ˮֱгһӵĻһħ
ﵽǾ磬ˮڻĻе˸Ůͼڻʲô
ˮģи̬ġ
ħԾֽӹûԼĻû˻ǼҲ󲿷˶ûмܶʱҲɴʲôġ
ҲվӣͻȻԼоеİ̫õʱûпԼģˣʣǰŮ˲ױվӲҳţⷽķա
һһŵĿгԶģһ٣ЩĶ֪ˮģܰԼĻ񻬵̶ȣڻҲ㲻úܺãһ۾ܿһ˻ǡĵزҪźĸ顭
ħһֱ꣬Ȼ̧ͷˮˮҲֻǾǿڵ뷨
м
ûУ

ûС

ԺٻңЩҾûˡ
ħЩ
ˮĿ뵽˰ִ𰸾û뵽
ˮֻÿǱߵս׭дšһĸ֣ˮһ£ûмҳԺЦˡ
һǹùӵսֻսͺͨɱһÿֻʹһΣһҪǾ񹥻ӣֻӵĶٺľ硣
˵߼粢ֻһĹֻǺľҲôġ
ˮһݸħ𣺡㣡
ˣҼסˡ
ħҡҡͷ˵
סҲø㣬һ
ˮסַȥ
ħԽԽԽԽˣȴǷֲûʲôôĸоǰû˸Լ
ħǰԱǾԼõһչֳ
ҲֻˮôţϾ˲ܵ飬ʱơ
ħ֣ȻҲͽ⡰һ˻˵ʲôչҲû˵
ˮһ֪ʲôо֪Է뷨Ҳ̸˷ܻʧˣӦһɡ
ʵˮ֪ڿЩ֮ǰˮָкܴ⵽ģΪЩסûж֡
ħʵ̾˿Լ֪Ϊʲô̾
ȥ￴ɣһʱʱҲǿŪӡ
ˮսɾ˵
֮ǰһûʲôˮһȥʹ֮ǰİ취ǲù߰ȡ
óֱ׳ڱϵʱֱӵˡ
ˮϣеƣóսȥı䣬յǸˮо˰죬ֻ֪һƳɵĶԵֿǿ쳣״̬Ҳرļ̣ǷǳõĶϡ
ѵҪʼݣʵҲкܴķյģʱû뵽õİ취гޣ׻ǲЧ
һˮֻջޣʯ޺һĸá


1436 
ŮͼѾʮһţֻʮŵĻôһţҹ˹衢ݺӵǶŮͼϵŮӲˮоʮŮͼֻʮͻֻһ֣ϾΪģһЩŮˡ
ΪʮŮͼϵŮ˿Դͨʮ쾭ŮͼϵŮȷʵԴͨŮͼϵŮеҲԴͨ
ˮûһʮŮͼ֪ʮ쾭㲻ʮŮͼܣӦòȫǰɣһˮҲܿ϶ߵˡ
ѾʮһˣһҲֻܿԵˣҲǶôС
ħߵʯޣˮʼݣҲֻܿܽһ㣬õ䡣
ҪҪʹ֮ǰİ취ˮħ
ˮ׿仰ʱ㣬֮ǰǺħ𼡷ӣһͶһȻ·ͻȻǷˣ仰ʳɾͲһˡ
ûбİ취𣿡ħˮʵ
Ҳˣ֮ǰ˱İ취û뵽ʲô취Դȥõӡ
ɣ㣬ԼȥΣħ˵
һˣºΣ̫ˣҿǵﱻ۸ҿǲİһ˷ġˮЦ˵
ħΪɲĶ˶ҧңҾɱ㡣
ˮЦˣ᲻ģ
ˮûо˵ǴӦ˵ħ𲻻ɱĵħҧ˵ѾˣˣһССĿʼȻԣѾˡ
ﲻͣű棬Ѿһˣûгֱ⼸ˮƣѾʯǲǺء
أ
ˮҪҪͣʱˣˮٴסħһ˹ȥͬʱþŹ򽫾޴ʱƿһЩ
Ҳ֪ˮĻʯ޵ʵǿŲľСһ㣬֮ķ϶ҲСһ㣬һǺܽܽļһ𣬲ħ׼ףˮͷͦرˮѹţԸܵȻ;˵ĵԣǱѹȥĸоرá
ˮܵħе㽩ֱˮҪס䣬Ҫбһµһε龳ֳˡһˮԴҪŲħұߣˮħıգ촽Ҳ
һǱߣŮȷʵִˮϡ
ž
ۣǵĶ⣬ˮûܸˣɸоԼΪǲǼ
Ů˺ˮٿ֣ɱ˺ܶ࣬ͶǵһΣҲ֪ΪʲôʹȥͻȻԼеңܲƽΪʲôҲ˵
𣿡
ˮϵָӡ
Բ𣡡
Ů˵
ˮҡҡͷûдΪʲôҪ˵Բ𡣡
Ů˲˵ϱɫŨˣҲĮˣתۿΧƺԸ˵
ˮȻ鲨ķչƺ򷴷չˣ֪Լе㼱ˡ
ȥˡ
ħͻȻ˵
ˮһǰס֡
ħ֣ȴûдȥˮĺܽ
ϲһûдģ֮ǰҲԣұ֤㲻ͬ¾Բ֪Ϊʲô㿪ĵ㣬ѵᶼ𣿡
ˮܳϿҵ˵
ûпܣҲûϣ˵ҪˮҪ˷ʱˡ
ħٴγ֣ˮɿ
ûвܵ飬Щעؽ̸Ҫ˿࣬ࡢ࡭ܿģû˻ʮȫʮҲû˻˳ģ˵֪㣬ʱȣȻ뷨Լ
ˮʱ˫۾еɣٻ˽һЩ
Ѿ˵ˣ¡
Ů˵
㻹Ҫȥ𣬺һȥҴӦ
ˮ˵
ħͷ
ˮΧһĹ￴ʯˣҲʯţһϤо
ţ󷨣
ȿʲô
ˮһκܿĴ򿪣սһ鼮֮ǰһ߶ƤǱܾö˿𻵵Ƥ

һ֣һû֣ǽҲǺϸӵĹӡ
ˮְһѵݸŮˡ
ˮһҲ֪òøˣģںԶĵطΧ˵ҿסĳһطĹ
ˮûһʱһ󣬽žͿŮ˰ǱӵһߣˮܾȣֻӳȥսǴ򿪵ģĻŵĶʱ֪Ϊʲôˡ
ͼ
򿪵һһŮڽϵͼ˺֣ɫǶѾϳˣرϡ
ˮҪƿĿ˵ʲôʱһĸоˮĸоʶⶫܳӦòǼ򵥵ĴͼŶԡ
ˮеݸŮˣȻߵǱս
Ůڲ֪˵ʲôˮǡսʱħϲųһ˿ķۺ죬ܵȴ
ˮһ£ϲķֺǰ漣ĽˣȻ֮ǰҲģڸЧǿź߱й켣
徫񹦣ͨ˻ǿ߶ҪˮھϺǿˣϾںѾ޵ˡ
ϹҲǾӴʶͽǣʣʣھľǿˡ
ǰлʵŮŮǧɣɼ˫޹ǿﲻ񻰵磬ֵǰеҪǿ̫ˣǰǸ칬ĳǿҲֻһǧ¡
ݴ½ʮԼر˱ȱȽǡ
һֱˮŻعе㲻˼˵ǹҪҪ
ˮûб˼ŮҡҡͷġҲ㣬ҿˡ
ˮҲ֪˵Ķ⻭ĶģŮ֮¶ģֻȻջ˳ӹ
ʱ֮ǰǸȴǺȻը롣
ˮһ㶣̫ǿˣȻըһš
õǡԶ֮顯ըģöֻɵ֮ѹɣըȻǿ
Ů˿ˮ˵
ֻ޵֮ƶɣ̫ݳֲ̫ˣֱʰ
ʲô˾ȻǿĶ
ţ
ְǡԶ֮顯಻ࣿ
ˮĵʵʵ̫ǿˡ
ⶫеõģƲǿĶˣǿıǺܶģС֮飬ʮ֮ƣҲܲ
ⶫˮоԼҪеĻðַǴ˭˭а
ϧֻ롣
ʶİѱ佻ҿǷһ·
һƽ͵ˮ˼·


1437 ݿ¾
ˮ⻰𡣵Ȼᣬʯ޽ӴΣֺ˶Ҫ׺ܶ࣬ͻȻֵʮˡ
Ϊ׵һˣҲͨʺţϧ˵Ļʣһʴۿۡ
˵Ҫ̸ʲô֣һԵ⣬ʵһ˵ɢȥ
ȫˣԵˮħرᡣ
ЩˣÿһӦö֮ˣ֯˶֪ӦһЩˣǡ
оǻ𣿡
ˮЦ˵
˱һ㶣Ȼ¸µЦЦҹһ㣬͵ıޱȣСӣǵһҺұô˵һȫʬġ
ˮоֺܰˮ׵뵽ǰıջ
ûջ֪
ˮҡҡͷ˵
ˮ˵б߳һӽħסѾս׼ǰЩҲôöԸġ
һɵ֣֮ˮľŹȻҪˮҲͲֱӽԼħϣͬʱս⣡
ɱȥɣ
Ϊ׵˵꣬źɫȭͷС߷ٶȿ죬ַȻҲһЩŵĶ
ʵˮѾͷԷЩϮһֵ̧ʱˮֱԤһ֡
𽣣
ԣ
ˮڰϵѾһ˵ֶ֪ԽסԷİٶޱȣԷš
ˮֻҪסһžУ
ԡ
һıҵȻ֮ǰĲ˺ܶܶ࣬ǺǿģֽһʱԼŪǱˣǺصҲᡣ
ˮҪľЧΪöԷʩչණʱǣȻĿĴﵽˡ
Сӣ
˵е߳ŭˣˮе²̨ͬʱҲǼɵˮôͿ԰·סء
ˮóһѵģֱӶ˹ȥˮַ˺ܶ࣬һĿ귶ΧֱʧԷ֮˵С
ţôоܱŤ֪׼ˡ
ˮħ˵
ˮ֪ܺЩ룬ȻǸ˾ͿʹЩµˡ
֮
֮ǰһѾǺͲˣٴʧȥɵʵʱˮѾ˽
ɽ
޴ľɽֱ˫ߣʱˮٻޣֱ˦ͶԷ
ɽһλֱӲϣԷֻС͵ƱŰʱѾˣһ˷ֿϧ˽вעҪɱġ
ۣ
֮ǰǸսֵҪ޵ٶ̫ˣȫҲһֻ·һǰʯ޵ĿֲȻֻܱƿ
һȺֱ޵УηĹƲɵһ˲ŷڣˮħɱϬĹ֮ǰʮգۼѾʣԼɵĸ
ԷʵɣԼһʵɡ
ȥɣ
ͻȻ˴һıŰˮãʶٿؾɽͬʱһеıסħþŹǿ
ԡ
ˮֻϤļž͸оһȣŬƲԴѪմħϣˮȫסħ
綼ˣޱըˣûпʲô˺Сʯƺӽ򣬻˵µԵֵСƮˤһ
Ǿ޴ıþɽֱӵɶصײϣɽǱʯ޶ըˣɽȴû£ҪǾɽƾˮħѪ֮ƻֱӱըɷĩɡ
ħ˺صˮΣʱҪסԼ֮ǰıûܵʲô˺ʱӵĿڱ۴ָƵˡ
һΣʱԼôһŮˣħǸ׳ҲΪʲôʲôԭһΪһŮΪ˶ԷԼоŰġ
Լ
ʲôǰ
ħ𲻶û⣬ܶʱԼоԼȫôûˣûָоˮйһˮ֮϶ˣֻʣһӡ֪ôһ¡
֪Լһϰ˼άֻģʲôԼһˣûˣŮûпϵģһѹûһˣһΧŮ˶ĸĹҲûָоˣŮƣһоɶɺΧҲкܴĹϵǸоӾ
Ů涼Уûĵˣˮˮ׵һû˼רĲ档
Ÿо˺ܺãҲУҪǲôᣬʱҲᣬƺǹġ
ǲǶʲôǷ֮룬һᷴġ
ˮۿħ̲ס˵
Ůɿ鶼ûб仯Ҳûлңıһĸоˮе㲻˼ˡ
оôˣ
Ůʵ
Ŷû£С˲ʲô
ˮĵ˵ŮҲˣܲס
ܿӦþȥһɣﰲȫһ㣬Ҫǰ󡣡
ˮ󣬿֮ǰʧĵطʲôҲû£жըˣȫըˣˮоÿϧܵõԶ֮ĻǾˬˣϧֻˡ
ˮ󷨣Ȼħ𣺡ܴȥ𣿡
ܣ
ˮЦţչ˺ңҪն˿ûˡˮ˵ޡ
ħ˵֣е㳤ֻ¶˪ѩİ֣ˮһ־ȥŮ˵֣ܼȻԼˡ
ˮҪסʱŮ˵һˮסŮ˵䡣
ץˣ
Ů˵
ˮһǸƾͱ˵ˡ
Ů˵ĽŲԹһʱŮǿ󷨺ͷλܶʱ佫ŹԲ۷ˣ˼άǳǿġ
һӶʱ䣬ʯţʯһڱ䣬ˮЦˣԭбֻǱҪ󷨲ܿ
һûʯޣȻ׵ĵõڱ䡣
֡
ħ𿴵ˮڻץ䡣
ֻҪǣһͺܼҲҸץס㡣
ˮ˵ɿ֡
˱޵Ůôһܴ󣬺ܶʱҲоܿ죬Ҳ죬˵һЩƤĻʱǿš
ħһ㶼ǳĬֱĮӣֻΣ֮Ҳϰˡ
ħٴѡĮӣȻʾˮ򿪱䡣
ˮҲûƴǣֱӽ򿪣һ򿪾һɢĶʱһ㶡


1438 ŮװʽԵ
ĶǻеģȻǳԵֻ֮࣬һףֱָѩ¡ѩѥ֮ûκζ
ЩһɳֵͻȻˮʯһ׭дһЩ֡
Ůװ
ˮ⼸ֱ׵ƤһҲûʲôҲǼǿ·ʲôģȻͨȥ
屶ķ屶ٶȣһȫʵ
ǺöҶǿɳɳĶѾĶˣʲôˮ֪
·һԣԶֵһһҪѪҪѪЩ
ĵѪϷְ󶨣ĵѪֻӳӦе
ȫϻжǿӣװ
ˮóһħֱָһѤĹɢЩû֮ǰôѤִѤɫʸӺÿ
ЩֻãҪ˵ʲôҪ
ˮ⼸ŵûҪϵ˼ھݴ½Ů˴ָҲһ壬ˮ¶ԷС
Ů˵ûпҪԼϡ
ǸҪҰòã
ˮС˵
ˮģŮԥһĵľȻͷˮָȻ֣ϣˮĺ棬һ˼飬һ˵ĸооҸ
Ů˿ˮ͵ĿͻȻĵ׵һұˣһֺСĴͷ·һʯӣϸСȴǿԻһȦȦɢȥ
ϣŮ˺ƽˮĿ⣬ˮеƣŮܶһ£ҵĶһ£С¹ײĸоҲֳɾ͸СڸУھһ
ˮǼѩ°ϣҲûоܾΨ˫ѩ׵ѥԼִϣҲû֣ŻһŮˣôı䣬ƺһ˿
Ҳ֪Զм
ˮͨĵʯš
һ㶼
Ů˽ӵԼԶͻüԶõģǵԶûʯʲôģֻŮϵͨղҲܸܵŮϵ
ǳ磬ǰܳȥ
ˮ˵
Ů˵ͷˮһĵ
յ
һȥһͺͺĹûУʯҲûУˮûд⣬ʶչΧı仯ʲôҲûз֡
յģˣ߰ɣֱȥһ
Ů˻˵ͷ
ˮ벻ΪʲôڵǿյģˮסŮˣһ£
ˮóηϡ
ηԿһЩصĶˮҲ˵壬ô棬ʹη˶סˡ
ʽ
϶ǿտյģʹηǽȴǳ˾ŷͼעǹʽ
Щϵžƣоϵһ·ߣһ׹Ҳܵսƺǿһĸо
ˮĬĬĽЩסһӺһʧˡ
ˮŮȼסҪ룬Щڲ˶ãŮȻҲ֪
ʱһĹȥһһ飬ֱһʧ֮ˮĺһηҪʽ
ô
ˮŮˡ
඼סˡ
Ů˵
ˣһȥȻֻʯޣһֻ޻һֻҪֻʯûƣˮֱӳ˹
ûʯˣ
ˮһȥֳʯţֱУȴʲôҲûС
ûʯţô죿ѵһ
ˮŮ˵һ߶гޣһֻʯޡ
ûƵʯ޺ֲܿģŵһֻûϬ
ֻɱֻʯʯŲŻ֣һĻͲ֡
Ůһ߶һ˵
Ůװħʵֲ쳣ÿһιǿȺˮһеһƴǶôĿֲ
ٶҲǴڿĶʵڲоֵƿϤԼͻȻʵ
ò˵Ů˺ֲܿܿͽϤǵֵסʯ޵ĽʯޱֻʯҪǿ١
Ů˵Ĺֻʯ΢΢һ٣⹥˺ʯƺЩܡ
ħھ֣ʵսȹʵЧˣŮװķٶȿԱܿǱײҲԽ˿
ˮķҲֲ̫ܿϵȻһʱеˮ
ҲͻȻ뵽ģ֮ǰħ˿뵽̫
Źʩչ
ˮһйǣ
ͻȻֻ޴ʯ޴ˮײ
ˮͻȻץסһֻ޴ǽһ͵ײֻʯϻ
ԣ
ʯ޵ǻۺֻܵͣһҪǻ۾ǹ̫񹦣ǰϹʱҲһĹȻȺЩҪǿֻ̫ܶ࣬ԭǿ
ػ̫̫Ҳ˵ǿͨ
ˮħһʱ˺ֻʯޣʯ޹ʯ޻ǿ˺ģ޴ײֻ޴ʯ޳ֶݵľֹ
ˣ
ˮȵķֻ޴ʯٶˣҲСˣ֪ԭˣǵʯ޵ԴУԴ㣬ϧ֪㣬Ҳ㣬֮ǰһʯ޵ײɢһ㡣
Ůˣ֮ǰĹʽԹֻʯ޵Դ
ˮͷҲص˵
ħ΢΢ĳ˳飬ˮ뷨ʯ޹
ۣ
һĻˣħħȻһӲʯ޵ԴУʯ޵Դ̫ˣһͷ·˱һһ
ˮҲһ㶲㱻֮ǰʯײæ㿪
ħƺҲһ㶣֮ǰ˺ʯ޵ģǿʹʽһУֻ֮һȷе˵ŹʽĵһֻţһȴǴ̽ʯС
ħİγѪ֮ˮĸܵʯ޵ʵ½˲ٷ֮һ
ٷ֮һ࣬һιҽ˺ֻǸãŵڶٴμٰٷ֮һ
ˮˡ
ʽôԵȥǿ԰ѵطϵ
ʱֻٷ֮һʵٷ֮һ
һʵ֮ٴιֻǧ֮һֻʯ޵ʧѾ޷ˡ
䣡
޴ʯѾȻأһʮ飬ˮʯҲûʲôģһ¾֪ԭ
ʽ׶ˣˮ̫Ҳʹùʽϧħ˲٣Ͼʵ̫ˡ
ˣħ𷴶һľˣˮҲΪʱһʯųˣûж´ŵħĸ
һָ㲻Ķ򣬵ҲжĹЧ
һ㲻ʱ䣬ħѡ˹ˮվԶõˡ


1439 ת𵤣𵤣ʵ
ûУҲһᣬҺܿĵġ
ˮЦ˵
ץסˮͻ¶һԼ֪ŮܸܲܵԼ˵̸ߣˮͲ֪ˣûҲ֪ˮ⡣
Щ¾һŮһˣ˵Ұ㡱е˸обҪе˸оôбҪԷ֪֪أ
Ůûн仰ˮҲ⣬Ц˵ǿӶʲô
һŮ˵ͷˮһӡ
һʱ䣬Ůܶ࣬ʽһʽˣֻû飬֪ʹñ֮ǰҪ˺ܶࡣ
ˮںܿģû뵽һǰԶⱦﱻԼõˣ֪һһζ׬ܴˡ
ڱ䣬ĶǺ٣ȴˮܿģǵҩмƿҩƤֽ
ʮƿСȭͷ࣬ɫһЩֲͼҲ֣ת𵤡𵤡
ÿƿÿƿһ
ˮóҩǾת𵤺𵤵ҩǰǸ˷õģԴʵѰһžͿԴﵽڶЧֱӽһ룬ٽһ롭
ӵȼǿĵҩʲôʵãֻǾûɵͨ˷ʳת𵤣Ϊⵤҩ̫ˣҪҩʲôģÿһδŵģÿһҪҩݶϣеĸߴġ
ˮоת𵤵ЧǿҲȻģת𵤵ĵһͨ˷һֱӴﵽȼڶ׶ξúֱӴﵽ۷塭
۷ֱͻƵ۳
ߵһηҲǰƽһؾ磬ˮŮ˵ʵƽһؾʵһҲһλᣬڶηЧͬٷüı
ˮ𵤣Ȼ;תЧһֻ޵ģˮǺܾϲϧҩҲرˮɾҲһֻ֣ϻһ㣬ֻ˼ҩڣöþܴﵽϧвҩҲһʱʱơ
ˮҩݸŮˣ㣡
ҲҪֲҩʦ
ħǺܸɴ˵
㿴ⵤҩЧȻ㿴Ҫٵҩö١
ˮЦ˵
Ҳˣҵõ̫ˣЩҪ˰ɣ
Ůҡҡͷ˵
治ǺöԺö
ˮЦ˵
ŮֱӲ˵ˣŮǿʽĬ
ˮóžת𵤺𵤵ݸŮ˵תԼʹãùǰʹãʣµŸɣʹðɣҸػ
ʹŵҩˮоȥЩ֮˵ʱŻоԵİգһʲôΣջ֪ء
Ůԥһͷˮóιʳ͵ʹãˮ׼ŵģʵ̫ʹþ˷ѡ
һȻޡ
𵤣ֿɲǰ׽еģȫʵʱ䣬Ŀʵﵽ롣
ǺƽûκξķӦȻѾˣħվˮͷһ𣬴ŮװʵӦھǧ࣬ӦǸٽ㣬ΪŮװ¿Գصġ
ѾֲܿˣʵľҲˮоŮ˸ӱƮ޷׽ӵǿĵġ
ˮĽ͵˵ʵȫ״̬´ﵽǧ£Ѿֲܿˡ
͵˵ûӶ٣׺֮֮ǰǿ˺ܶ࣬رǽ
ʵһʵһ·ˮʮʵˮڵʵʮ֮һ¡
ҸţҲʹðɣ
ħ˵
ҿڹ𣿡
ˮЦóһžת𵤳£ǰһιʹãоǲԼ̫̰ˡ
һɾ棬һѸȫһϸǿӵĸоƽȵʵ˲һʵﵽһǧǿﵽǧ£Ǵ幥ҲﵽٶɽҲﵽ˿ֲǧ
޸Ϭģû˿ı仯оǰӼӲˣǹ׺Ϣľٶٴη˽һ
һʼֻʯޣˮо޿Ժܿ콫һɢʯ
ʣžת𵤣ˮɣպһĿš
ħͷˮҪҪϵ·أ
ˮֱӽЦ˵Һ֪ʲô֣ȻҲһõĳƺ
㲻ҵ𣿡
Ǹ
ˮɻʵ
Ůˣ
Ů˵ֱһʯȥ
ˮ°Цˣ֮ǰһʱôпסͺŮˣû뵽ȴǱסˣҲǺܴ󣬲֪㲻һֹϵĽ
ʵˮرĿģŮ˵ʶ򿪣ȫ䱸ֻǲûеΣա
ĵطܴŲ°ٸ޴ʯţûͨһʯţ֪һˡ
мһ޴ʯףʯ׵ĸվĸߴʯˣûжˮŮ˽⼸ʯ˶ûκηӦ
ӦþǸս
ˮΧ˵
ţ
ħһ
ˮʯףʮ״СҲס
ĸʯ˱֮ǰЩʯ޶ǿСĵӦû⡣
ˮ˵
սһһȻߵԸʯ˾ûκε⣬ؼĹʽûйʽ봳ﲻܡ
ħó˵
ҲҰˡ
ˮϣžǰκιҲԸõʹһЩʽ
ɾʱͻȻӿˣˮһ㶣һ룬֮ǰЩܿ϶ˣһصսסĸֵģսҲٵˣֻһ󣬴ôҲ֡
ǰЩʱаһЩˣüˣϹȴػħˡ
ŵֵҲڣˮħɫܹŹ֣ͬʱŹֵĻкܶˡ
׼ֵˮֱ˺΢ЦſˣֱӺվһ𣬺ԼҰȰš
Ĵажʮˣвཫʮˣʱҩζأкܰ
ˮĿֱסԷΪ׵һϣΪˮʶǸˡ
ˮܾȣ𾪡
ͬ𾪵ľΪ׵ǸˣȻǰĴ粻һˮһ۾ϳˣȻԷҲϳˮ
ּˣû뵽㣬ħˣ
˲˼ĿˮߵŮ˵
̫֯ϻһµˡ
ħ˵
ˮƺ뵽ʲôץʲôȴץס


1440 ɱһˣˣͷĺ
˿ǰԼģȻ֪ʲôԭ򣬾νԵ֣ˮоֻԵô򵥡
ĸ׳ĺ񡣡
ͻȻĸ׵Ļ֯ûйϵҲͺ˵ˣǾԵ֣̫֯ϻһǿˣӦòеôˡ
ҲֻǺܼ򵥣ڣԼѾħˣͲôˡ
ˮľȣ˸ǸоеУֻһϴڣˮлϰĴڣоɲ⡣
ֻǿˮ͡ͷĺԲûйϵҪһû뵽ˮôĳɳز
˼ңҺĳ¼棬֯ģҾԲ֣ʯҲȶ֣ǿԵõǾǵģ㿴Σ
ˮ˵
ɳ̫ˣټһ죬û뵽ô죬һĳ£˼˵أ
΢Ц˵
ˮħŮǵͷˮһů
ҿԴҺħ
ˮ˵
ӪԣҺѹҼһ˳ĺ񣬲֪û棿
ƽ˵
ˮ֪һ֪ʲôȻƽ޹ʵô˵
ˮֵĺƽħƺܾȵĿˮͻȻ뵽ʲôȻˮ֯ͷĺ񡣡
֯ͷ
ˮʵ
֯Ҳͷ
ħ͵
ˮڸоͷӦԼҪҵˡ
̫ˣ޵ˣ˵Ŀ̫Сˡ
ˮھͺʹϵ
ҲǺТҪǸԼĸףôԼںԼΪлᱻܶ˵ĵġ
±˵ģҲԸⱳ
ǺǣˮҸоںܵңҸобҪͷһ档
΢Цţڵݻȵһμʱĸо
лģԺ˵ɣ˼壡
ˮֱӺħü˺
˵ʵʯǸо۵ģѾõı䣬һʯף᲻ãΪ˻ǸҲûа취顣
Ȼ飬ıҲǵõ˰ɣɣ
ʱߵһȴ΢Ц˵
ˮ۾Ц˵˼ѾˣʲôҲûУ˵ҲǷ飬ٸģҲԶı졣
֪ߵħҶ£һħСʲôŵģԶıͰҪôԶ͵ġ
ˮ۾𣬷絶һʱһһʧˣһֻļˣҲ޷ֹֹͷû뵽Ѿʧ˵Ķͷϡ
һʱ䲻˺߶ûкһֱӵڵˡ
ˮʹ˿йԽϣˮģѾܾûʹùйԽˣǿһģû뵽ɱǰôѸ١
ͻȻı˶Ǵʧɫˮô׵ɱһǿߣôҪɱԼ練ƣ˵̲ס˳飬ɫеס
룡
ˮٴʾˡ
ºˣаȻҲٶˣܶѾˮɷˣħͷռҵֵ̲ס˲ѾòؿǺˮ֮ˡ
Сֵܻ飿
ɫָĿˮ
ˮȻ֮˵ԼɱˣЦ˵˾һߣҾһɣ˼ңҾ㣬ҺǲϤϰ߱в
ˮֶһסڳˣȻ֯ͶˣҲһѹһŭʱпܱ
ʮˣǿߣǿߵϣһסֱͲ˵ˣڻվ˳
бǹһ
һվ
ˮЦˣɱˣΪʲôҪʲôô𣿡
㺦ˣ㲻ң
Ƶ˵
ǲǸ˶ҪսһҪӦҪæˡ
ˮеظЦ
㡭ҽɱ㡣
˵ų󽣾Ҫˮɱȥ
³ϣɣ
˳ֹ
˵ĻͣסӰ̫ϳϡ
˰ڰ֣Ȼˮ˵յԵֲûǲ飬Ƚ˳СֵҪ£ʱͷĹϵһ㡣
˵Ȼͷ뿪ˣǳˮϣҲ֪֮ǰԼܴħܣʵ̽Լݡ
ߵĺܸɴ࣬üʱȴ˵ֶβһˣǻ;õˡ
޷ûֹǵġ
ˮЦ
ˮˣҪźҰȣǻҪҪԼȥʯ׵ĶûҲ֪õǵģǲãȥãõҵģ˭˼ֺݡ
ˮһ˵źҰеԣֲҡ
˳ħȥöҸػ
ʱڵǸ̴ĸЦ˵
ˮҲЦˣŮǸŮˡ
˵ɵ棿
һݹ᾵˳ˮ˵
Ȼ˺û˵˵ȥĻ㻰ģô˵һڳ
֮ǰ˵ҰȵһˣҰȵݹǣΪԭ򣬲ǼҰȵ˶ӣҰȵĹԭ
֮ǰԶַſʱŵǸ˾ͱֵĺǿƣҲݡ
֣ΣҪҪһ𿴿ʯʲô
˿ŵǸˡ
ã
ˮһûκαʾѾܶĸʯ˾Բô׶ԸģҪʽ֪ܹܲƣŮˮʯóȥҲû˵ʲô
Щ֪ˮóȥʯһԭģ볢£˵ʱ˳һʵڲģĲʮľ䣬ִ˲롣
ʮˣźҰȶˣȻʯȻ˷һһʯˡ
Щʯ˸ߴÿһ϶һִʯǹʮ˳ʯװ֮ڵʱЩʯ˶ˡ
еĳǹЮ֮һɨ޼᲻ݡ
𡭡
ŵгԼޣֵҲڣЩ˵޶ǿ󣬱Ͼ˶һˣҰȵӰȣеģٶȺܿ죬джء
һ֣֪ʯ˵ǿ޻ҰȵĶʯ˶ûʲôЧʯ˵ĹֱǻԵĴ
һֵʱһֻޱֱɱһ¾źҰ˵˭óʵ̫ˣ˵ʯ˴򣬾Ǻ֮ǰʯ޴Ҳǳɲ˶ã˵Щʯˡ


1441 ƽսꪣս񴫳УսԸ
һֻһʼٵˣҰȵҲ˲ʱ䣬Ǿ˻Ϊǹʯû˿Ч
Щ־ߣȴΣװˣʱǿħ
ΣҪҪԣ
ˮźҰȣ˵ζҲ˵ϲмǼ򵥵ʻ
ŵֵûֻһֻޣʱˮҲǷŭޱȣˮֱӣĴаӦûнֵһ죬źҰȵĵӦûܷḻ
ǲڲ顣
ŵǸ˻˵
Ȼڲ룬ôǲǸ뿪ˡ
ˮЦſŶԷ
֪ɲԿôЩʯ˵𣿡
˵
ǰǾᶯ֣ܻʯ˵õʯףȻҲҶʲô˵ĴҲվͬһϡ
ҰȵҲ˵
ðɣȻ˰Ϳɣ˵ǰ棬˭ʲô˼ǲġ
ˮ˵һʯ˳ȥ
תתȥʯǻԼȻһʼоֻû뵽˺ǣȻ
ħҲȥüûжںɻΪˮħʵ˺ܶ࣬Ҳܿġ
ˮʩչ
ͣ
ħħѪֱӲһʯ˵ͷ­Уʯ˷ǰһᣬʽħԸڵʯ˺ˣֻҪƷˣˮסʯˣɽޡ
ˮûг͵ˣǿסһᣬħѾһʯˣŵڶ
ĸʯ˵ȥʱ˶סˣô죬ôǿźҰȿǺЩʯ˵ʵЩʯ˱ôɵĸɵʲôʵ
мѾܵħʵˣҲǾһʵҲϲϣֲ̫ˣǵǵСžҲˡ
λӦ˳ȥ˰ɣ
ˮЦſˡ
̾˿ҰһȥҲȥ֮ǰˮ˴кĿԹˮֻεЦЦ
ˮȥףˮŮȥħֱӾܾüʾ£ֻǰȥ
¹رϾܸߣܴ󣬳ڶս𾴣ˮʯװ˼ݣȻֻĴʯ׵Ĺ׸ǡ
ˮСģԷʲô⣬ǺСģǻһߴģȫʱˮֻһ׳Ľɫս֮ʲôҲûˡ
ƽսꪣ
ˮ֣ѵ⼸ǿʯ˾Ϊػ߻ƽս
ΪʯӦҲиʯʲôģȴûˣ˶ûУֻһ֧ƽսꪣŻƽս֡
սԵҲɱǿͻȻˮоΪ˹ʽڵġ
ˮסƽսꪵʱһˮʶãʴӡ
᣿
ˮˣѻƽսȻǿһһ֣Ϊ
ǿʴˮʶͬʱһЩˮļҲɢЩѾ̫ҪҪǽɱȻԼҪʱ廹壬ʶͲԼ͵ȫһˡ
˲ôķҲȡ㣬ҵĴС
һϵ
ô㡣
ˮ˵
ͼͽػҸ᲻ˣʵҵļ䣬ֻмֹļ䣬ҾͻΪ׳գһһ׳õҵĴУϣܰһԸ
ϵٴ
ˮ֮ǰļ伸ֻйʽһžս֪֮Է˵ҲʵˮҲ£ΪϻпйԽϣʵڲУҲÿйԽϽʶɱ
ʲô£
ˮҲõս񴫳УϣҪԼ鲻Ҫ̫ˡ
Զս䣬񵱵ϣ㽫ϵԶսĺԻͣЩ񣬵Ȼֻҵԩûʲô
˵
ҴӦ㣬Ҿȫֻʲô̶Ҳܸϱ֤
ˮ˵
ҺˣõҵĴУͻ֪ԶսһЩϢſʶҵս֮ɣ
ˮſ񣬷ſʶһ֣һŽɫĹνˮΧһ޴Ľɫļһ
û°ɣ
ü˵üŵġ
Ӧ˻ˡ
ħ˵ֻüҲ΢΢ȻҲе㵣ġ
ˮģֻһ˿ֻҪһΣֱӸиѪصĿйԽ
ãͷβһֱ˳ʵ;綼õֲдеʵǿ󣬺ǿ
ʱ䣬ˮʵ˺ܶ࣬ӶҲǺӦúڵħ£ΪƽսҲǿʵģҲеͻˮϹս֮ʽѾȫգֱˣս񴫳иģ粻ܴﵽս۷ʱڣڵˮ˵Ѿ൱ֲˡ
ħֻһУֻǿţѾôˣˮھжˣǴɾ磬СԲҲһˡ
ˮҲ֪ʲôʱ˹ƽսꪣڶԶҲ˽ˡ
ƽսꪣ
޼᲻ݣֻҪʵﵽԴ̴ǿķͻף屶Ĵ̴
⣬һʵԭϴ̴ķͻס
Դ̴аٷ֮һļʾԴ̴̴һУһС
ˮоֲ̫ˣֻҪ⼸ҲҪ̴
ʩչʽʱԴ̴ļﵽٷ֮
ˮЦĸˣֲսƾʽͻƽսꪾǿޱȣⲻûԭģٷ֮ļʣһ֣ٿԷϵһУǱҲܻٵǱˡ
ʹ屶ʵӾֻκζûӰ졣
ˮ죬һֱˮоԼʵ㣬ûɱںˣ̫ˣ֮ǰָ񲻵зָǿĹʽ
ϸһԼıʵﵽǧ߰ս񴫳߰ɲ࣬йս֮Ǻйϵ˾Ͳ֪ܵõеĶ١
ˮˣˮʵﵽǧҪϻƽսꪵĸӣ屶ﵽǧ
ˮһг˾ɽȴǷֻǧƽսǸֻЧԭǧҲˣԵƣôܴ˵Ժ;ɽϹɾͲǧˡ
ˮľ񹥻ﵽ˰ǧȻħʵоҲʲôˣοˮбǿ󹦷
ʯײıأ⻹Ǹˮһ⣬Ȼĵõս񴫳С


1442 ̨գҸܵ
ջʵ̫ˣŻƽսꪵˮʯٴΰ˰ݣĬսԸ
ŻƽսŮڿЦŵͷȥݣǲȥĺô
Ļֻʺ㣬ǣʲôҲûУǿ˵ģʲñ˾ͺʡ
ħ˵Ȼóһת𵤺𵤵ݸü
תԼãԶŻãðɣҸػһǾ͸óȥˡ
üҲûпֱʹãһԶŻõ
ú󣬻üֱţԼԶŻߵʵһңرԶŻڿӵǿٴ֡
˵ǵʵôӵô죬ԭ
üĵ˵
ʱѾˣѾˣֱȥȥʱ򵥣һĹ͵棬Ѿǻƻˡ
ֻħѾ뿪ԶڣԶԼԼźҰȣʵˣ֪̤˻ȥ·ԶӪϢ
ҸطӪϢһɣԶĵطһҲбԶַҲУֻҪȻˣǾ￴һɣܲҵö
üرĺá
ħҸϹⵤʵٴηһֻ˵ʵϹǿ󣬾ԳԽ˾ǧħӦûҪǿһЩ
ħѾмǿʵֻҪħͻüھУʣµžת𵤾ûڸսͽ̣Ժڰǰɡ
սƻָĺܿ죬ڻѾˣû¾ͺͽˮսͻüĸܺãϴλüƺˣٻرʲôˮѾ֪סһ
֮ǰ֪ս½˺ݶ࣬һˣ졢׳Ҳ˧⼸ݹһ֪͡
üҲǣˮҲֻܺսЦһλȥͿԺǵϲˣҲһϲ¡
ˮͽɾˣ׼Եʲôȥ֮ˮֱŻƽսꪣȻʼʩչʽ
ȻˮǵһǴģ·ǧһһĴÿһʽǻɣſٵصƣһ޼᲻ݵİ
һˮͣµĸоһһвͣóҲԽԽᣬ·ΪԼġ
ˮʵյ㣬ǧıʵʮıʵûκġ
ʱѾҹˣԶַҹǺģҲɣһÿһгִСǣҹպ˵һ˶ԿĿԷ۽ë
ط·һɴΧΨľ磬ˮո̾һͿԶһ¶Ӱ
˵϶ôĹ¶Ǹо룬һȻĹ¶վˮ˵ооܲļ¶
ħ
ˮû뵽ҹһʲôڿԶǿգƺʲô
߹ȥˮҲûдվǷ˴Լ绪Ůˣ޳޿ޡ
ôˣ
Ů˵ͷҲûлء
ҿͳôˣʲôҪ˵Ҹ
ˮ˵
ûУͻȻ䷢ֺٵʲôôʵˣȴоһƺˣܸΪʲô𣿡
ŮתˮǾһ˿ƣǵһοһ
ΪûֵͷоۺǺ»ǻ¶һĬĬĳܣ벻ҵĹ£֮Ҳͻ֪Ϊʲôˡ
ˮЦ˵
ħ֪ˮΪʲôʵܿ죬ҪԼ˵ԼĹ£Ҳ͵ͷĸоеۡ
ˮԼͷβܶ˵ˣȻŮ֮һЩʡˣ˵֮Ż˵ҼǿĶ࣬ܳΪкܶ˷ҵĿֺʹࡣ
ˮĻŮеȻ˵ֻһˣûˡ
˭˵ûˣͰ㵱׵ˣսףҲ㵱˵ģ׵ˡ
ˮħ˵
ħˮ峺ܸܵ˿⣬еǵƺٴи˺ܶ࣬̾лл㣡
ǲǶˣģǰ˵ĻҵѻߵɸҲУɵܵҲУʲôԺ˵˵Һòã
ãһ᳢Եġ
ħ˵
𣿡
ˮŵ˵
ģ
ʲô֣ܱʾǲԸҷ
ˮ΢Ц˵
Ϊ𣿡
ħˮ
Ȼǣ㣬˵ҲҪң˵־һִ󵨵ĳԡ
ˮЦ˵ڲûжôֻ֪֣һĸı䡣
ҽ̨ա
ħ˺þ˵
˵ˮһֺҪֻҪ˵־һ޴Ľ
̨գ̨֣պٰ
ˮЦ˵
ţոˣҪħʲôʱ򣿡
̨ͻȻˮ˵
ôˣǲòˣҸϳȥҿˣ˵ʲôҲߵġ
ˮŮɫ΢ôߵ˵
Ů˲˵ͿˮҲûа취˵ƻʱŮ˶Ĭű޵治һмܵס
ðɣֻҪ㲻ߣԶħˡ
ˮһӡ
Ҹ𣿡
ᣡ
ˮϵ˵
ղŻ˵
ħеԲˮܿģһŮˡ
ⲻǺ𣡡
㺦ʲô
ħ仰ƺе棬˵ӿģƤֺ
ܶడ㲻ңҡ㿴ҡ޸ˡʧ
ˮһһ㶣û뵽ȻԼô࡭
̨տˮ֪˵ʵ⣬ֻΪǼ¶Ҫ΢΢ҡҡͷ֪ôͻȻϲ뵽Ǽ£ĨȥǶμ䣬ϧÿһʱͻ֡
ҹˣҪҪȥϢ
ˮ˵
ţ
ס˵ĻҸܵ˷ĶͲˣ˺öԼͻ뵽׵ˣǷǰҸЩ飬ҲҸܵˣ续㣬Ҳҡ
ˮóһ˫ΪõĶ
ҸϻԼ
ˮЦ˵
Ů룺Ҵɣ
ˮЦˣ֪ڳԼԸıԼ
ˮİϣûҪռˣҪһĴ飬¶ʱ̫ˡ
¾ӨĶ˵ĺÿûһ㲻ˮϼһʯɣɫɫ󣬾±ۣ˺ĹЧǰٷ֮壬˺ķȴڰٷ֮ʮٷ֮ʮ֮䣬ǺǿĶˡ


1443 ǣ赶ɱˡŭ
Ů˵Ӱˮǣ̨ڽʱͷһۣһ˲Ļˮ״סˡ
˵һЦŮûЦֻһ򵥵Ļһ˲޷ݣޣƺһ˵飬һʫ续
ŮʧˣˮòŻعһڲ䣬һɢǾ˵ģ֮λĸо
ĹǲֻĵĺĲܣ̨գǡ
ڶһһȥԶַȻҪȥΧΣޱȣȻкöҲΣա
ˮħлüʵټϼֻ޵ʵ˵˲١
ڻȥˣ֮ǰħ𣬻üֵĺܣٴκˮЦ뿪ģŮˮ֪Էһʲô
ʵҲвٻȥˣҲвѰ˵ûٴҵһԶء
룬˭Ҳ֪Ҳ˵˵Զ̫ˣÿһһ涼ŲıأһԶһһЩ˳ΪǿߣдеĻӿ¡
ս񴫳Уͳȫˮ״з·Ϊˮһ㣬ûٱʺˡ
һʱ䣬ˮԶƺһֱԼһ˱һеľ룬ˮЦ˿ŮսԼ̡
ž˵кܾãе̣֪λ᲻Ƕ֣
ǺܹϣϲڳԺڣһ֪ǵõԶıأֻǹƻв˻ղŹǵġ
üں˵
㲻𣿡
ˮЦ˵
Һʲô˭Ҳ£ⲻ͹˭ܵסǡ
ü˵ƺеԾԾԣƺ˿١
ˮʹþеģƺв֮ģҲͷʹþˣ޶г
ò˵ԶַŲٺö˵׵ľҵ˵һЩϡҩݣϧڱ˿
ΪЩҩûݾһǾޱȣҪǾֲȥҲΪֲ
ЩҩˮȻ־ת𵤺ҪһЩҩݣˮֱɾֲ˺ܶ࣬ҵľЩݵģиٰʮǧģˣҪƾת𵤺õĻҪϣʣµİǧҩû˻ȣҲͳΪ˼ߡ
Ҳֻˮִ˲Ѱֲ
ŮѩȻܲ³һЩŵĶϾֲȥµĴ𰸺ܽӽԼţΪˮͨ԰Щҩҩʹðɡ
Ҳûʣüˮ˵ҪʲôҩݣӣôһңˮҲûƴǣֱ˵ת𵤺Ҫҩݡ
սͽҲرˮʱԪʲôĻİ˲ʵǾսͻüҲפգڵĽҲħ𣬻˵ǲˡ
ˮڰԼ׵ġ
ˮųеʷ䣬ֻҪʲô紵ݶԵһʱ֪ﲻȱ𴦣Զַʲôпܷҷļʺܴ󣬲Ȼܶ˶һӾͲһӡ
һȥˣѵûκ⣬쳣ƽһ졣
ɣΪǶôõ飬ֻнĳǿ޵زŻȻǿԿ޵ģһֻҲûС
Ҳո˵ˮ̫ģҲе㣬ǿ࣬оУʷ飬Կǰ׼ֱӿ·
ˮƵʷ쵽ŴҲԶԶĵԼ֮⣬ҲڸԼ
ˮ¶΢ЦȻˣǾ赶ɱ˰ɣ
֪ľԼһˣԷӦҲڴ⣬رţǵоԿԸܵΣա
ȻǸѾԼİա
֮ģ
ˮͻȻĴڣӵ֮ĵֵǹؼҲа޵ʱʹ÷ǳֶΡ
ˮ뵽֮ĲѷɫģСʱЩǿ޶ͺѺãʹֵʵҲǲף壬һЩǿҲΪǵġ
Ҳô򵥣赶ɱ˾ҪֵܣӦò᲻֪ӦҲɱﵣҲֵܶ֡
֣ˡ
ˮʣеһžת𵤵ݸ̡
ûκγɣΪħħͷ֮һʵȻת֮ʵǿ
սϸ磬㣬ϣܺͽֻһΪħ
ΪħҿҪ
̼ᶨ˵һ䡣
ħˣԶǣǰ඼ŹˣħҵļңΪ˼ңʲôԸ
ս˵ĺͣ˭ԷθĻ
ҩʱŹֵĿˮʵһҲֲ̫ˡ
ˮֻǸоΣգһʵôܶ࣬ο˶ħĵɽҾжĵģˮǺܾûǰžת𵤸ǡ
ǴˣǰˮĻˮħĹϵû˵ʲôοһֱġ
սͽ̵ʵһսʵͻü࣬ǧһ㣬̵ʵҲǱƽǧ
ħʵԲСʱսͽ¸ʵҲڲϵӣȫӦµ󷨺ʵ᳹׸ı䡣
һʱ䣬컹ǺƽʷѾʼѾ˴Զ޵ټĽһǿ޵ʵΧһϳ֡
ԶŽԳޣ
һȺԶŽԳ޵ĵ̣ԶŽԳһ֣Զ֣Ӵʵǿ֫أԳͷǣһСɽҲֱײ
ͨʷĹܲϰֻԶŽԳޣһ൱ֲź붼ǺԶ
ˮоЩԶŽԳѾܵǵĴڣˮôҾһ𣬶ˮóʱƳġŭŭˮƳĶһֵĶ𽷡桢ĻƶɣлŭⶫһըͻȼΧһŭ𣬲ɿƵŭ
ˮһֱڵȣľʱԽԽСͻȻֱӽȥŷŭȻ˲ԶŽԳһӳȥܶŭ
һºˣͱˣ𡭡
ˮħѸظϣ·š
ֵֻܱǻŷŭֱͶȥŵ˲类Сĸ
һˮ˲ܿƵˮ˳ȥ
ˮҪľᣬŹһֵܳȥ


1444 ѧϰ
ŭĹЧĿŭʧأ֪ЩǴĵҲƲס־ǼʯͷҲҪһơ
ˣ
ˮֵˣʱ˱˸Ӳһ˫۾綷ţһ㣬ˮȻ˹
ֵܵʵˮڲʵ̫ˣˮɱ
嵽һʱȴǳֵǰ棬ͬŭĿˮ˺úݵģΪʲôҪ֣ô˵ҲվͬһӪġ
ǰ˵ôαλһܿİɣⲻҪĽ𣿡
ˮЦ˵
ԶѾ޵ıڵֱ˻ȥûٳ˺ŵˣصħֱʹ˾С
ˮһʧʱŵȴǴ۾ôҲû뵽ԽԽԶŽԳ޸Ͻֵ˵ţͼԶŽԳޡ
ݣ
ֵҲҴ⣬ȻŭûʧȥǣæԶŽԳ޷Ľһָš
ŽŵУȺֵָŵķȥʵķ
λϣǿߣЩԶŽԳ쳣״̬´βʹ뿪ɣ
ֵܲͷϵĺ˵
ţҿ쳷
֮ǰҲǱðȺֲĴһ߶ѣֵ֮ܲģǿ޶ܹͨ޶ӵ֮ĵ˶Ѻõġ
ľʵˣʵǿԶŽԳ޿ɲһޣһȥʮˣ˻ӡ
ˮֱʹ˾ֱӵֱӳԶַ
Զַɽ˺Ҫʵ˽ҲǸʵ̽ѰĵطԶַɽҲ̽ձأԶַھͳһۼ㡣
ˮһ˳˺ܶ˵ע⣬ħûͣ٣ֱӳ뿪Ҳû˸ǣλȻݣݵڲ˵һʵҲ˭ء
֪ԶŽԳܸˣŵģ뵽ҲԷֵ٣Լ뿪ˣŵõĻǻˮȫŵĳˣԷֵһЩħĳ
ȥ;УüܿģԶŻߣ޴ԶŻҲ൱֮ǰٶȼﻹҪ죬Ȼ̭֮ǰֻСô궼иˣ̭Ҳӵġ
ˮŵˣڸ߿еһЩ飬˻ȥĺ磬֪֯᲻ỹֹԼ
µˮ
һ˵ˮ뵽ǰеֻ⨺ʵֲ̫ˣǿʦʮ仯ʲôȥѧˣǴһĽ׶ݷҲȥˡһôġ
ֻĶ⨺ﲻ֪ʵΣ֪ܲʲôǰıϾ񻰣׼׼û
ڵõǺֲܿģ˵Ҳ棬ֻҪ¿ݵκʵ
ʱһĹȥˮȫУԶгֵĹԲ
ˮʱ򣬳ĺһ֮Ѿģˮ֪ⶫ㲻㼦ߣǰʲôãѵʹΪʲô
ˮǾҲʱ䣬Ҳջ
ͻȻһƬǿʶ֣Ѿߵλˣ̧ͷʮסԼһ˵ȥ·ÿһ϶ɢֲϢǿ󣬾Եǿ󣬱˶ֻǿĴڡ
ҲУ˵֯ˡ
ʱˮ۾絶ֱչһĳǰ棬Ϊ׵һˡ
˷ƺոմﵽ꣬һ·ݻȴһֻ֮ǹɹرǿҡ
ˮôӦΪ˵ӺǸ˵Ļһģһֻʲ̫ͬǿңһ˵ϡ
˸ֶҲǶˮΪ˵òž˵ƣʮ꣬ôˮ͸ˡ
񣬱Ҳţ̫ˡ
Ц
߹ûһɫ롣
ˮ˵
һļ˶ʮ꣬һμǿհףƺһģȴץסһܣû֪ΪͰˡ
˭ʶң
һƺе㼤
Ȼʧˡ
ˮҡͷ
ħվˮߣɫǹŹ֡
ˮڼȻѾ֪˭֪ǲǿԼ֯ˣĲģҲˣͷļҲָ
Ц
ħ𲻶ɫֻһֱĿˮһŵˮˮľӰܴܴ
ǱҩţͷϴֻһĿܡ
ˮЦſˡ
ǲͷĶӣҶҪѵѵ㡣
סˣһȴˮ˹һȭˮȻĴһȭѸٱʮ״С淺źɫĻ⡣
ɽȭ
û˵ķݣ㲻оͷ𣿡
ˮеһƽսꪳС
ʽһʽ
ˮʩչħʩչҪ̫̫ˡ
ۣ
һǹֱӽԷȭͷƲֱӽ˹ᴩ
һ룡
ˮһֱӽԷȥ
һר֯ģȻĵֶǣûɱ֣һϣɱ˵
ߵһ˴ĺ
ǰͷɱɣ

е㯣ôˣ˵ԼǿܵҲûиоǸоԼ¶ģҲûʲô԰
ܸоԼȱʲô벻Ǹص˶ԼʲôͼģԼһѵģҩһжǣԼĶǲɹģԼȻģֻԼΪʲôˣˡ
ԼһжģʲôͼҪʲôֱ߾Ϳˣ
ˮʧ䣬ֻȷʧеֵֹģΪʧ֢ûΣѿԽӣʶֻԼָ
Ҳˮûа취飬ָܻˮֻҪָͿˣˮһоҩʧ䡣
ҩʧ䣬ֻҪʹýҩҩȥԻָ䣬ӦҲָܻһЩӡļ䡣
̸̸Σ
˿ˮ˵
ͷʲô̸ģְɣʲô⣬ûа취潻
üͷÿζ棬涼е㲻ЩԼһֱǰߡ
ȥȵ
ͷ
ΪҲɱ㣬ʲôʱֵָʹôˡ˿ǸˣѾ˱ϡ
˲ֱȥԶԶ˿


1445 ָϣ谭
˶ˣվˮԶƺһҲˮ˶Ⱥ
ǲˣǲʲôԺ˵˰ɣ
˿ˮС
Ҳ֪ļʧǲҩɵģֻҪһ֪ҩƵĻһ԰ָһ޷ļ䣬Կǿǡ
ˮЦ˵
һ㶣ҩԼʧĻôΪʲôԼʧ䣬Ҳ˵ԼȻʧ䣬ҩԼʧĻʲôҲͲ˵ˡ
ˮѾԿ϶˾ˣԼǸףмʱ仹Ҫǰ˺ܳʱ䣬Ҳһ¡
ˮûʲôرľϲͼĸ׵ԭǣѾ˵ԭϾʧȥˣǾʲôԭˡ
㣡
΢ЦſˮоԼĺһ˵ϵһֱԼйϵ
ˮó룬ûκηˣҲûκζҲûһˮЦˣȻ󻺻롣
֮޸ǳǿģϹźȻս֮ȣֱӿԱһаҩֻ֣а
Ĳ˵ˣӸӰģȻϹǿԵģ֮ǻָָҲͿԵ
ˮ΢΢۾ԼеĴҩԭ򣬾ͻܵ谭ֻҪƾͿԡҪĸ
ҩԭ򡭡
ܵǿҵʱѾȷˣֻˮ֪Ϊʲôôǿ˻Եʱͼʲôͼ
ˮĸţһߵеҩЧ
ʱһĹȥˮɴֱİҩЧеһʱˮһͣˡ
滹жԪ
ˮü˵
жʮ꣬ʲôϵ𣿡
˲Ŀˮ
֪Ϊʲôʵչô𣿡
ˮ˵
˵⣬ᣬǾǿȡʶΪаɣֳֻɹֻ֮һʹá
е㲻˵
ҸղŰεʱ壬ʳٶȻ죬رʵĹչѸ٣ͬʱʻһ˵֮ڶʱ򣬶ɹǱʵİٱʵܴﵽǧĻɹʮ
һӵĹâʵǳǧҲǰһξ޴ͻƺŴﵽģˮһϯϵƽʱһЩһˣˮûƭ
ԽԽֲʱ͸оǸеаԸܵһֱڰԼ˵죬ҶԼõıĺ󱲶ҪãˣһֱоԼõ˾Ǻˣϳ˾ûԵ޹ʵİˡ
ᣬռԼ壬׼˶ʮ꣬ô࣬Լ˶ʮĺôǺôɣȴԼ
ʧҩԭ֮ǰûȫ֮ٿԻָһļ䣬ҪҪԣ
ˮٴ˵
ܸܲңҵĹǻ𣿡
һ̷·˺ܶ࣬Ŀˮʵ
ѾԿ϶˺ԼĹϵԷͬһ㣬Ǹӣʧˣκοܶпܡ
Ƕܺá
ˮ˵
ԣ
˵
ˮ⣬˲ãһֱʧ䣬Ҫȥʹࡣ
ˮٴģһκܿ죬ӵʱˮֵ֣˲һ
Ϊʱ˿˵˵֡
¡࡭
ȫ࣬ղ඼Ѿ֪ˣѾû˻ࡣ
˻ججĺ˵֣еˮһεεĻ䣬ж᲻ᵯֻδĴ
ټǿҲдʱˮû뵽Ȼٵļ䣬ɼμô
ǻðɣʮСѾͷҲ˰ɣ˿ˮ˼
ܺãʲô㡣
ˮû˶٣˺ܶ࣬ⲻ⣬ˮĶԼǺš
ҵļҲ㡣
˿ˮ˵
㲻ʧ䣬ļҲң˶٣
ˮʵ
ȫˣʲôˣ཭ҵˣҵ£ׯҵˣиŮ
˻˵ƽ˵˶ܸܵļ
ˮģҲû뵽ȫָǺ¡
ҶԲǣҲԲǡ
̾
ԲǵЩѾˣҲˡ
ˮ˵
ڣЩ˺ãڿԸ˭˰ɣ
ɻҲܵĵʵ
ҽˮףҵˡ
֪ʧ֮ʲôԭˣûʧ䣬ˮǲԭģǸף޷ıѪףھһļңͲĸź
ʵ뷨Ѫ֮һĸоû˵ˮ͸Сʱ䣬ʲô֪ˡ
ҶӣôĶӣҲ
ЦˣЦܴЦúܿ
˵һַֻŵˮļĶӣôһμѪףӰеܡ
ܣܿˡ
˵һļͥ߳ȥĺߵ죬Ҫ٣˸̺·ϲκ˲
࣬мҾͲ࣬˺Ͳ࣬׺㣬뿪ɣͷҪҲա
ˮ˵
ҲܻȥǲŹҵģһȥҡ
ҡҡͷ˵
ˮʵ޺͹ʽָ֯Ǹ棬оӦҲһս֮
Ǹ֣
ˮᶨ˵
ǿ󣬲ðգðա
ʲô⡣
ʵ־ԿԺƽ
ʱħ𻺻˵
ħĻˮ˺ܶ࣬ûħĻˮҲٻȥˡ
߲˵ģôãȻ𱨡
ʱ֮ǰʮ˶ˡ
Ҫ߾ƾǻס
ˮЦſŶԷ
ټأ
ʱһϵʮǰЩ˿
ϣ󻤷ˣ̫ˡ
һ˸˵˵
ͷںǻȥҾ͵ʲôҲûз
󻤷˵
󻤷ĺͨʹһһһֻϵıеľګ۾ӥˡ
Щ˵ʵԱ֮ǰЩ˸ǿһЩûзˮУҪҲǸ鷳ϾЩ˱ڵս˿


1446 һм
ˮû뵽ôĺ͸ϣĵûʲô̫ļ׺ܼɣ˺̹ܶ࣬ģҲܶ࡭
ĸ֪һܿİɣҪø֯ݱϵʵħڵʵҲûһԶַջ޷֯Կģڲһˣһսʵ
һ֯Ȼܶ࣬ҪսҲûжˣϾˮʵѾﵽΡ
ףνа磬֯ǿ󣬵Ҳ
ˮվ˳Ŷ˵
ԥţµǸ˵ԣǲŹԼҲŹԼйϵˣеˣڻָ͸ˡ
ĸ׺ᶼ㣬ӴˣｻӺòã
ˮ˵
ãǾ͸֣ô˵ҲͷλôãôûӣȻǲҲͲҪǲˡ
˵ѾЩˡ
ͷͷϧͷûиоֻ˵ôʲô¿
󻤷ƤЦⲻЦ˵
һľګ˫ȴӥһĸо
ҵȻ֪ǵҴö࣬ҳܵԭФˣ󻤷һֱʵ֮ϣ֪ҲҺҽԣ
ʱȴЦˣҲޱȡ
ҽ֣ðҵҪʲôʵҶ
ФЦϻôľګ
ףɣ
ˮæ˵
ôûģĺˣûмĸ׺֮ǰǲġ
ˮļЦ
ˮ֪ټˣô˵Ҳ֯ͷԼҽǿ󣬼ԼӦòʲô⡣
ʱվڰգһ͵˫мش
ְɣ˵ԴСͷʲôǣ㻹ʮͷڿûбҪˡ
Ф˺ٺٵЦ
гһҵĳȣߴĿȣһһѰ
ûǵù𣿡
Фɻ˵
㲻ǵõ黹أаɣ
һ
ֱһӣһ޴ĵԼдһ֮ԵФնȥ
Ф˵һѳֱ۴ϸ̣ͨľܣ
һɫ֮ػߣͬʱеĳһӰӭǵԵĵ
˶ƣ
һһԽľһ㣬еһƬҵФնȥ
ФҲƽˣһ̫Եˣ۵ܵΣ
Ĳ
Феľһ㵭֣˲һòľм䣬Ѹٽ֣Ҳһ
ҿܹʲôʱβ
еһӣһ޴ɫӰ·һ޴βֱǲľȥ
䣡
һ޴ײФǱĵûܶˡ
ˮ֪Լ֮ǰʵˣоʵҲǵõ˴УȻô죬ҲʵȻˮսüҪǿһЩ˵ʵ˵ʵսʵ
Ȼʵ⣬컹Ҫǻȥģһϣ˭ɱ
󻤷Ҳ֪򲻹³©ӣˡ
˶ҽ֪ʲôǾ
ˮֱг˽޺͵ˣֱӽ׼õ츳˹ȥ
ȻҪҪΪǿ
֮
ͬʱóһЩ츳ϣˮ츳
ս⣡
һ֮ʱ˲䣬ˮѾһ˹ȥħˮʲôʧһˮڶ档
֯˻ûд֮ǰ˲˵Ѿɱ˹ȥ
ˮֱ󻤷ȥ
ʽ
ƽսһͻ̳ȥʽİԵʹ
ˮڵʵͷֲޱȣӿ£һ󻤷ƷҲ⣬һͳǴ͸ļʣȻľס˹ƽսֱӴ͸ľֱӴԴ
ƽսꪵĴ͸ڵ޶һܳסο˵ľȻľǿӦҲǴ˵𣬵ˮĻƽս𣬼Ͽƣûκε赲Ĵ͸ˡ
ˮһֱöԷ˻ˣ󻤷ʲôʵ֯ǰˣȴǱһɱ
ˮһеֱͻɽʽַʩչϾŹһ㣬ÿһγֶޱȿֲÿһöŷɥǴ̵ļʾɱʹûд͸ˮֲٶ»ǿ˵Է
ħʵٶȼħʱĿˮʩչĹʽȻģĹϬЧõĹ
Է󷨶ûнᣬȻҲǲˣԶõޣ̿޻Ҫֲ
ɱ˺󣬶ԷҵԸ޵İ취ҲֻǴɣϧˮߣֻҪˮǸͻֱӳȥɱ
ˮ޼ֱһϬĶ̣á㲻á
ʣµǸھŭĻͣĺ˼ϵһһϧ治ס
̤
ڤ
ʱʩչ̤ǵʵѣסԷŲļʵģһѣΣͻŲٵĹĿϣֱɱ
ΪǿοԷʵʵʵˮһļҪһ㣬͸ˣɱȻûʲôѹ
ذ
֮

һʱʣµֱôͨɱնڰٻһЩΣڱƽֱȴΪ
Źѣ
ˮͻȻθףһ̤£Χĺڰ˲ɢȥһ쳣ϻָˮ߲Źıģ߲ŹЧһ
սûκ֯Щɽֱʧˣ֯ʧǺܴ
ʰսƷڻ֯ˣ֯ҲܰرǼˡ

ˮˮĻϣٵħķȥ
ˮҪ֯Ҫܺ֯Կ
ںҲܿġ
ѽӵǿȴ̫ˣ֯Ƕĳɹ
ʵЩֻ֯ͷһһݡ
ˮ˵
Ŷ
ˮȤˡ
֪ݵĴû
˵
ͷ衢Ǹ
ˮʵ
ͻȻˮǸûڣǸ˺أƺô򵥡
ԣ
˵仰ʱеɬ
һصʵǿϺ֯ϵܺãȻԭֲиǿĴڣ֯Ҳֻǲ֪ʲôԭ򣬸׾Ȼ
ǲǺܺô
̾ˮ
ţ
ˮơ
ﻹиǸ˵Ψһĺˡ
ﻹиңǻңˮʵô⣬ʧˣɼҺֻǾǸое㲻̫ϰߡ


1447 ֮һսĺ
Ļˮû˵ʲôͻȻ뵽ʲôĵصʵǲǸ˴ġ
ţǵġҲܺõģ᲻ң
ƺе㲻֪˵ʲôʧǾԲȢ޵ģ֪յڵŮϡ
ûУôء
ˮеεЦЦҲˣӸ࣬ɾ͵һŮ˵ļûУмҲһ
ʱҺĸ˵ɡ
ƺҲܾᡣ
ף˵˵ɣ
ˮ֪ѾʮˣϾˮҲʮˡ
ݵǺܶģֻǿ֮һд֯Һɵ죬ȻҲкܶ֯µõӣϾ֯ݱǿ֯
ˮû˵֪˵ȥ
ҳΪǶʮǰ֯˶µĻ£֪һҲֶΣݶԼС
˵ﳤĳ˿
ɹĻһлԸˡ
ˮҲǰľϼһ湻ģ
һ֮ʣļ˾ģֻΪ֪µһУʵ˶֪̯Ѿû˻ᣬ԰ϣҵϣҲҲǸʮļˣϧ˼Ҳû뵽ԷǶһɡ
˵￴ˮ
ն񣬾Ī⣬֪֪治֪ġ
ףʵΣ
٣֪ܲܿƣôǿʵģֻܲܿƶѡ
õģǴУֻҪһڣܿƳ棬ǿġ
˵
ˮ˵˺ܶ࣬Ҳ֪ӣкһŮŮСҲʮˡ
ַ֯Ҳͱʾ֯жˮ£ֻҪǣסǸ֪ǳϹ֯Ͳ¡
ȻҲ֪Ҳ֪ʵжǿֲܿһģʵԽǿĻԽ˻һֱڱչ
ˮħȻħ͸ȻһδЩ׼طһΣüžһ£ĸ絽˷ˡ
СܣôУʲôһԣοǺ֯ҲǳС
üˮ˵ǻħʱ˵
ȻȥɣôսģʱٲҪҰæģȥһҲطݵġ
һ˺ˮǶ֯ͷˮĸҲǺܾȣûʣ֪ڵˡ
ǻħˣڵʵѾԵĶĴˣˮҲġ

ǲϲǸħ𣿡
΢Цſˮ
˵ˣȥ׼ɡ
ˮһȥǿǲܰʲôæ

ˮҲ֪Ǽ弶߼˼أѾںˣϾѾһеĶڡ
ܷΪλرãݵˡݵ˺ܶ࣬൱ӡ
ˮĹЩ֣ǲ̫⣬ҪˣڱжҪһ㡣
඼
ˮֱ඼ȥмҲʹ˾УԻǺܿġ
ûʵĹǻҵлû˸Ұ¥ʲôĽıʹݻʹλòǶôķϡ
ֱӷɵ˻ϷȻں԰£ڴĻ٣ֱӶ԰ס֮ǰ͸̸ˮѾ֪ҵһҲͲʮˣ˵ĵϵҲһˣ䶼һЩҪǾˡ
Ϊʲô󣬲̫ұϡ٣Ҳ⣬Ҳ˵ֽš
һȥ΢ϵ˳֣һϻˡ
û°ɣ
һаá
𣿡
ڣ
ˮֱʯ·źһԺȥʵһ֪ʹһ󷨣һǸµ󷨣;ŹеƣҲһλ
һԺͿһӺݻĸ˹ĵ˵ˣ
ţλǣ
Ů˿ˮȵʵΪҲˮú
ܰһָˡ
˵仰ʱһ˿Ц
ŮһȻĿ֮ſЦ˵ϲ㣬˵ֻҪָ䣬뿪Ҳ㡣
ˮһ仰ʱҲһ㶣һǿޱȵĶׯŮˣܿŮǺܰģǲ֪ΪʲôҪ˵仰Ѿˣѵ˵ָ뿪뿪
˵ʲôأҲ뿪ҵһӣʧǰиӣһ˫ŮˣҲңȻֲĶ֪ôġ
Ц˵ţǰˮκļ˵֯Ĵ˵
ŮһУ붼һ£Ȼˮ˵лл㣡
ǰˣ˵ҡ
ˮЦ˵
ˮɣ㲻ɣ
Ů΢Ц˵
ã˵ˣϣһĳΪһˡ
ˮ֪ѾһǺһЩãǲܣˮҲᳫô
һˣã࿴ˣҾͲ˵ʲôĻˣһ㵱ҵĺһ
ŮҲǴˡ
㿴Ҳ֪㣬㲹ϼ񡣡
ŮЦ˵
үҲ׼
ʱ˵
ڣߣһȥɣ
أôûп
һһʵ
ôүүӻϰʱ䶼ϡ
Ůһһ˵
ǺԶ󷨣ԾǸźԶһ
һ֮ǰҪܶׯ԰ֻӵľһĸоˮоеϤ˵
һȥһվڳι㣬˵ӰӰȴһɷǵĸоӰ·
ܵ˽˻תһŴˮʱ۾һ
үӣ
Ů˶һ
ֲ˲٣ֱӳƺүˣʱҲẰڡ
ţˣλǣ
˽еЦ˵
һͣȴǺܿģЦݴŵҽɣ
ˮǲ俴ֱϵһСһĶһ˿ս񴫳еļ֣ȵ˵˼սˣսĺˡ
ˮˣս񴫳УйĻһЩսļ䣬࣬ҲһЩ
ɫһ䣬ϻָȵĿˮô֪ġ
ˮЦóƽսꪡ
õ˻ƽսĴУ
ڸӾˡ
ţҵһλƽսԸսٴλԻҲ֪ܲû뵽ôҵϡ
ˮرĵġ


1448 ʵֵܽ
ҲܿģŻƽսꪵֻǵõƽսĴУһǱϿɵģ첻ü٣ˮĻҲһּΪҲ֪ԼĴҲгһսԻ
ԶʱڵսԻһʱȻû䣬ŲɺӵãÿһսǿĴڣǺаԿĲɺ
ˮħˣаˣȻǱ˵ģԼħʱҲһЩˣħԲаҲǣˣ̫ˡ
źҰȣˮۣϾЩνʵаҲǿʲôһԵľǣһаĿŵЩ£ʵ͵͵ģҲɣ
º˲ԣֻ͵͵
̫ˣߣȥ쿪ģҺúġ
֪ˮĶս˺رĿġ
ʱһмŮ˺֮ǰҪҲᷴԣȢʮҲûұŮˣڻָ䣬֮ǰиŮ˺һһôǿĶӣǺ¡
ٴΰ֮ǰ˵һ顣˲ſˮܿʲô𣿡
ˮЦ˵Ԫʮꡣ
ʢ֮ʿҽǿڣ϶ĿŵĶԸϧ֪ʮʱܲܺϼһԿ
˵ܵġ
үҽʦ˰ɣڣôֻʮԪ
ˮЦ˵
һŮҲǣҪ֪ڴûˣ֯治˶á
Ӵ࣬ʱҾһػߡ
˿ĵ˵
ҽǿǲʲôҪæģãˣ˼ңڿʼɡ
ˮҲϣǿ
ˮڵʵǲܸܵ˵ʵԹˣڹ٣֪֪Լڶûʤ㡣
˵ͷƺرĿġ
˼ң֯Ǹʵжǿ
ˮҳһó롣
ϼһʵӦҲ˰ɣ
˵ĻˮһʵǿֲǰӦúͶԷ°ɣȻҲǣסԷ֮ǰ˵һҲɼҲʵ
ʵˮоûа취ԸԷʵǺֲܿοͨɱˮսеǿԼײûһ㲻ܡ
ˮʼģųڵĶأҲǻָһԪȻ˵ߴﵽʲôжԪʵ壬ʵʵԪﲻǸ
ųĶأָ˲Ԫþ̱ԪЩôҲǾ޴޿ɹģ˵ʵõС
ˮã˵ʵʵĹӵǿ
ųһСȳĺɫʣŮ˶ߡȥˣòŻһҽǷ˼붼ţڶое㲻ʵ
үӣ֯Ǹвںȣ֪мʤ㡣
ˮûס֪˵ʵ
Һಮ٣˭Ҳκβ˭ҲĿŵĶ֣ΪһᱨҲסܾǰлҶˣҲûùҲҸɵ٣ڶٶˣҵļ˲࣬Ҷ֣֪һ᲻һеټļֻʣһڶôܰѶԷû뵽϶Ŷע⡣
˵ﻺ˵ԪʵǲһӦÿѹ
һ˼ҺսʱңҿӮ
ˮЦ˵
Ŷʲôɱﵣ
˺ʵʱŮѾˡ
ҿɵʵԷɵʵ
ˮЦ˵
ľﵽ˻֮ľҲһξ޴ͻƣõҺܰԵʵҪҲҪһʱ䡣
˲ŵĿˮţȴֲţˮƺ˵˼ֱóϣȻһ֮һʵ
һ¾Ǽ˵Ҳ첻ŵĿˮ
Ȼ˵ҪԱ˽ԼЩ֪ʱͶԷƴΪԼԺ׵ĸɵԷ
̫ˣҲɱҲԶʱڸɵڶȥɱˡ
˼˵
ţ˼ңʱȹʵ֮ǰҰʵ¸ȹºôǺܴġ
ˮЦ˵
Ҳãʲô㣿
á
׻ָˣҲؼҿǴؼһˡ
ˮЦ˵
ӦõģǼСһӦҲóˣܰȥ⿪ƣһ°ɣ
Ů˵
ţȥ
һյʱŮ˻ˣ꣬һŮ֮ǰˮ֪СŮҲʮˣλֳѾʮͶʮͷˡ
ͦΣòӢĽأĽ½Ӻһ㣬еаŮã۾ֱͦıеֻжĸҲ˵ϡ
ˡ
Ůĵܹȥֱӹϣ˿˼ߵˮ۾һֱˮ
ˮԼŮ󣬺ѼԼҲ㡣
ӿһʮƺҪ첻٣ʵҲǿϾսˣѪͳսʲôĶõġ
˴кҲк
ЦŵͷǸ˵£мһֱûк˵Ǹʧ˶ʮָ꣬ˡ
ˮݶ˵˳˶һ㶣ǸоرľȣˮЦſǣڶǳˣҲϣǵĸĸÿġ
ðֶһ磬ûʲôɰء
ŮվˮǰĵЦ
ˮҲ֪Ůֹ龫ֵ֣ó׼õһռݹȥⲻ
ĸҰ
Ůһ㶣֮ǰֻǿЦ˵˵
⻹м٣Ժʲôһݵġ
ˮЦ˵óռݸܵܡ
ˮо˾СӣϾԼǴ˶ʮңڴ½ʮ治ʲôֵܽúܶ඼ĺܶ࣬ͬͬĸҲᵭ
ˮԻǰĹӰ죬ʮɻǰӰ֧䡣
Ǹҽ˵ķÿɾǸġ
ŮЦ˵
𣿸磬ҪԳ棬Ҫפա
СѾͷĵЦ

½Ӻû̫ĸоȴǲͬˣҲǷŹ⣬Ůʱ˵˵Ԫ⣬ֱӶˮ
˾γҲǹ⻷˹⻷˲˧Ҳ˦ˣζˡ
ˮЦţʲôã˶ˮǰڶϵˣβͬΣ˵˻վͬһ̨ףʲôʱ򶼲ܸı䣬ףѪԵϵɿġ


1449 ؼңʮķ롢ؾ
ˮȻ˺ܷʢһٷŮһ߳һ߿źóԣСͦ˵ģˮҲóѾͷڼҿһӳš
ˮ˺ܶˣ²ٵĶ£ʱＸ˶Ḻ́һ£Ѹһ£Сһ£ЧԶ˵̫Ҫˡ
ŮˣˮҲˣŮ˵ʵϺˮ£ս˺ܲһ㣬Ӧúһõ˴ˡ
ս񴫳Уֱ˵оˮֵģֻһˣԲĻֻŮ˵õΪѪԭ
һ㴫еʱԪܵʲôˣƽʱҲԣֻǴгȥʵܵʧڰս񴫳иŮ˵Ļս񹦷ս½һ룬Ҳָܻ
ߵľ̫Ҫˣû˿ʵͬĸ߾ʱᱻԷ״򵹵ģսҪǾȥˣȥ
֮ǰѾõˮڵʵҲŮ˲࣬ҲǺŮһѧϰսĹսֻǶûеõĴС
ЩǺεĶ
˵ԪӲ٣ȻôѴдȥˣϾǻᣬﻹҪ֧ţ֮ǰĻ˵ĴвüҪȥϾֻʮ겻Ԫˡ
˵Ԫӣ˶ǿޱȣǼĶҲǴĶǿߵá
ڣˮоҲɣûˣǿҵΣУȻҲܵģԱ֮ǰҪɺ֪ܶ࣬˻ʱע֯Ķġ
סһ죬ˮһμңŮһЩˮˮҲܾ˿󲿷ֶҩݣҶݵҩݣٶݵġ
֪ˮҩʦҽʦȻ֪ҩʦ˵ʲôһҩݣݵĹˮҲϡ

ˮûкһҼھ۾ۣȥɾ
˸Լҩݣܶ࣬вٶת𵤡𵤵ҩݣҩ䶼ˣֻǻûд룬Ҳƣ뻹Ҫܶʱ䡣
ЩѾʧȥˣҲżʱܻЧģʱ޵ʵͻֱӱһ
µˮϰ
ϰ˵ҲǺѣҪҲףˮһͻ᲻֪ƣ룬˳Ե㶫˯ᣬ֪ɾµʱȥˡ
һˮ˫Ŀǰ֪ǿã˵Щָֿλˮ˵Щ̫ˡ
ȻţֻҪ֮ڵκһʶʲôʵ̫ˣЩˮġ
ǿõսϣ׼ȷԷĲλٶȡٹ׼Ӧ
ʵһʼ뵽ģΪ˵ʶаҪ𿴸׼ȷǰʱ󶼲ģľģǿ߹Ҳûκһ˵ĶԿ
ԶĹôֻǵʱû뵽ã뵽һҲ˫޹Ϣʱó
ʱħ𿴵ʱ򾪿ֵӾЦˣԼҪϻȥȻ뷨ڴŪֵ㣬ͿԶݵʵ֡
֯Ǳϵǿ֪Ů˵ĳлûбǿʵöãͿԳ֯棬Ѹٵİ߽֯
ˮջ˼ЩõǸһ㣬°뱾һ
Ȿ˫޵Ůʵõĸ࣬ӾԴͨһЩΪ֪ѨӾ֮һ˵ĸֵʲôǿǰͨҲ֪֣߸Ҫͨǿ˲֪ٱ
ˮĲ죬ܱûжƣϻ֮ǰĻѧϰǺܿģֻʣʵˡ

ڶˮͺˡŮ˻ֵ̤˻طݵ·
ʵھ벻ǺԶֻм֮ĻԭȽԶѣû֮ľĻһʱܵڻҪһЩʱġ
ˮ죬ֱʹ죬ڷݣҹ˿
ˮҲܾȣܵľѾ̫ˣҲûʣˮȥѻꡣ
ã
ǰûʲô仯ŵȻʶˮ˵ҽˣ
ҽ𣿡
ڣ
ˮֱϵ¥ˮѻֱܼӸˮһּܱҽʦһˣһˡ
ҩȥҲڣˮҲǹĴк
ˮܸѻ꣬ˮѻֵཻˣԹغһ
ʵǿǿΪ𣬴ΪȣòᲢ˵ᡣ
ˮѻĽӦģûͲˣѻȻ֪
ѻûãȥˡ
Ҳûݳǳˣ
У
олǺܿģϾоڴҹ˿ȥݳǿ˺ܶ࣬гŻڵڶʱ͵ݳǡ
ˮܼݳԽԽˮ⣬·ʱ䣬̸ܶ࣬Ҫҵ飬Ҳ֪ˮڶкˣҲˣҲݳǡ
ݳã
ӴŽȥҵĴӪݵѾȫᵽҲһﶼǼҡ
Ժ伸ˣտӵ໹л˿ĵ˵ʲôʱһȻˣСʱ
ƺܵʲô߿ˮʱĵЦˣֻǿʱסˣ΢죬Ȧͺˣˮߵһžĵ
Ҳ۾ʪ
˹ȥ
𣿡
࿴һӾͱסòûʲôģʶǲǵģڿһ۾֪˾Լĸס
࣬Բ㣬ûչ˺㡣
Ů̲סˡ
ʮʮ꣬ǰʮһˣǾݣοߵĲģһеһжûз¡
ָʱҪ֪µϢ
ŮΪⱲҲˡ
Ŀ
ߵˮߣˮ׵鵱֪˲֪࣬ˮĸײˣȴû뵽ͻȻˡ
ãɿĸ첲۾ģܿģرĿģСʱֻеǵһʮ꣬ʱˣ綼ˣҲˮʱΪʲôôĮ
ʱҵ˶ˣֻҪڼҵĶˣˮĸ⹫ǵʱ˹ȥк
ʱ£ֱʮˣٴμ棬ָоǾϲţһ˵ĸоǼ


1450 Բ׼
ˮ£ܵĸ׵ڲˮ뿪ǰʱˮ˵ĸ׿ûҲԭһ཭ַĹǿյġ
ϴȥˣʮʱˣһκ⣬Ҳû뵽ôͻȻľͿϤˡ
ɿȥɣһֱ㡣
ͷ۾ȥĽŲɫΣһֱߵߣʱѾ档
㻹ţ㻹š
ʵ治ȷǲǻţֻһϣеһּУԺ
һţиöӻиŮȻԶټˣЩ㣬ܿˡ
۾ʪץµ˵
֣˫һģµˮͣģҸһʮˣʵˡ
ɿ޻µĸûչ˺£˲ٵί
޺ǺǵЦţںܿģŮеһ鲡ô궼ټˣܻˣο֮ǰѾȥˣϾˮҵһЩ˶ˣ˶ˣʲôȻҲʧˡ
ˮԼŮ˽ܸмӣСһͻȻֵүүȻܺ棬ĵıżӡŮһرĿġ
һʼˮ˵Żָ䣬ҲǴһҲԭ򣬱Ͼʧˣǲתġ
ʵ˾ͺܺãõļˣǿׯҡ
֪˶ֱھͻصΪʲôЩˣҲˣڸףҲˣ͵Լ˰ɣ͵ûԼӣܿԼŮܵ۸ǲԭµġ
ˮ˶뿪ˣ֪ºһкܶ໰Ҫ˵
Ƕӳˡ
µһͤ¡
ǰСʱͿʼ׼ˣΪ˴ȥ㣬ܶʮ꣬ǵȴ˵о䡣
вһЩСˣֻʹĵǸǾȻҲûչ˺̫࣬ʧˣΪˣǾ͵˺ˡ
ԽүӣŬˣϧûа취֪һܿİɣ˵֪һҡ
ǡ
ͷİɣ඼ԭүүοЩ˶ˡ
ˮأ
е㵣ĵ˵֪ԼӶԹ鿴ú͸ҲϺ塣
ͷİɣҸ˵лȥһңϾļңҲҵѪ
лл㣡
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һָʱһľ࣬Ųµľ࣬ˣҲĿ
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мҪ㣬òã
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ҲһͻȻ˵˵ɣҲ
ʧ⼸ʮ꣬ȢһŮˡ
˵
ʵҲ뵽뵽вŮˣڶöŮˡ˾Ů˶෴ģԼֻԼһŮˡ
ǸŮˣĻЦˣһ𣿡
һһûʧȥ䣬һҲȢġ
ϱ̬
ԭˣʲôʱлҼ档
֪鵽زֻܿĵĽܡ

ˮǺڴţ֪ݱ֯֯ͷʱǾޱȣҲ鶼˵һ£ǴҲ˵ˣ·Ϻ˵˵ġ
ܻѾôҺܿˣ˶к޵ģ֪ⲻģҵЩѾˮˣô꿴һҲףǶ֪»ǰģˡ
ˮȥˣѾҵ˺Уڣڷǹ
ãټˮûҪڷʲôھ֪ˮħˣ֯ҲǺˮĹϵܻͣηչ
֯ħûʲô֣˵ǵжԣҪǷ֯壬ħаʵĴаʵûкͷ̫ĽӴٷ֯ûУڷûǿʵ˭Ҳ˵׼ħʵҪԵݡ
֯Ȼ֪ˮͼıݵǿȻҪύʾõĹؼҪҵ˲ܵһ˿˺
ڷˮҲǵôͷһЩǿļҵĹϵҲܺããҵĵλںء
»صʱȻһĵ̸֪ʱСȥˡ
һξʱ䣡
ʱˮҲûʲôˣʱͺӡŮһȥתתҲһҽʦҲǸŮˣŮ˵ӣھͲ֪ˣҽǿǷһˡ
ԬջҪҽʦһ㲻֣ڵҩʲôģһ˺һŮæµ
ҹ˹ҲܿģСѾͷںСѾʼѧϰˣСѾͷЦݶˣͱСҲܿġ
ˮȻڼŮ˵ķ䣬һʹ÷ЧĲǿЧܺãҲֹһʹãЧȻرĺã˫ģ˵ľ񶼲һˡ
һǱڵʱٶȼӿ죬ӿ죬ӣָо֮ǰļʳ˫ļʣڡǿˣҲˡ
ҹ˹軹ûлУˮĿˮеΣֻܰο鼱֪Ϊʲôҹ˹ôѵԺеĿԸС
һҶ軹ûϢˮǺܵˣֻǲ֪˺ݣֻҪ˵طˮȥ
˵ʵǺܿģرһˮļŮˣչˣѾչغܾˣ̵ֻһˣָڤ
Ůһ㶼ҹ˹裬ҹ˹̵ҲǺɢϲʲôʲôָֻ㣬ϲɡ̫ȭˮѧָ
ȫ˶ѧϰָҪѧϰѨеȣǶЩû֡
ŹǱѧģСʱǿǿѧǿǣЩӶǴ֣Ŭ˲ûнչ֪ľ綼Ѹڴ½ĺӣⶼǿļˣи֮ıȽϣһǱ㾢
ַƵƺôȴΪڤˮЦˣŮдǻۣĳɾҲǲΪһȴõġ
֮ˮħȻȥˮֱȥ


1451 սü
ˮ̤ϻħ·Ҫ֯壬ȻǸϼһڣľѰȻдڣҲ
ȥħ͸оϤˣʵҲǴϴȥʱʵ̫ˣһԶַ֮УľԼʵѱ޵ʵҲǴҪǵõ˻ƽսĴС
ѾʹˣڻϣˮҲûʲô顣
չ㲻⼸ڼѾСɣֻͻƺѣڷԲǧ֮ʲô練ƣСɣСɾ硣
ǧ﷽Բˣˮľ̫Զˣ¿ȡκһڸоеţҲ˵Ͼм粻֪ľ粻ôġ
ĽչˮоսӵӦˣ˵۹·˷ɼ𿴻Ҫ
ˮڱ۾ʶսĻս٣Ȼ۾ʶսҲ١
ٴħоˣô˵Ǹоħĺܶ˶ˣҽ˾Ͳˣˮоůĵط󲿷ֶˣἵˮľİرϹ
սͽ¸͸˵ˣսħǿʮ֧֮һǧ˺ʹħͷսǶˮϤ
üˮĽ㣬˵ˣҪǴźħϵһ㣬ʲôϵͲ֪ˡ
вٵ˶ˮкˮǻӦȻȥҽתһȦڶ֪üսڽҪɻ顣
ħһϲ£Ҹ֪ҪˮΪ֤飬Ȼɲɣɼˮķ
ˮ˻üׯ԰ʱ̨Ҳڣüˮȥһӵˡ
ôȲҪսϸɻˡ
ˮЦŴȤ˵һ䡣
ףִǲǣҲҪ٩ˣ˶ðɣ
üЦ˵
ˮ֪˵˼ͷܺã
Ҳһˣѹ㼸ʮˡ
üЦ˵
ǰһЩЩҪɻˣǾͶǰһΪ谭ʵ򵹣Ȼﲻ
̨û˵ʱˮŷ˻ûдкЦ˵ܲȺ˵һλġ
̨һ㶣˵ʲô
ˮӣսϸɻ飬㿪𣿡
ģ
ܸΪʲô𣿡
ˮо˼
మ˳ɻ鲻ֵÿ𣿡
̨տˮ
Ű𣿡
ˮЦˣо˵иоڽá
ʲôǰ飿
Ůͣһῴˮ˵
ˮһ㶣û뵽Ůʳ⣬ЦЦһ˾һм仰ʱѱѣٻСϵ˿ɻʼɡ޸ģҹӦ¹⺮ɽȥ޶·Ϊ̽
ˮ޳ܵĵǰʫ䡣
ûָо
Ů˺ܸɴ˵
ͣ
üЦ˳
ˮεٴ˵˲ɸ⣬һղ⣡˲⣬һղ⣡˲ɰ⣬һղ⣡
ҲûУ
´ղڣΪ㲡ӳ˵ִ֣֮ϡ⣬֮һղ⣬˼֮񡣻˫ᴹ޲δʱ
ˮĳһ䣬Ů˾ҡҡͷ
ˮ𣿡
üˣĵ˵
ڰҰĸо
ˮЦЦĿҲﵽˡ
ˮĿĺܼ򵥣ܶ˵˵һЩŮ֮Ļ⡣

սͻüħ˻磬ˮ֤ˣˮƵûаɺͰȻħһΰɺͰ
սͻü֮İ·˺ܳܶ˶ǿŵģڿߵһ𣬽ɷ޶رĿġ
½ܶ඼һޣһ㣬ﵽüεҲкܶ඼һһޣֻϾ̫ˣ˲ȱŮˣҲкܶཫ֮ǰĺܶŮȻһüŮˣһһޡ
ˣˮȻΪԼĺܺã෴ΪԼúܲãҲǸо˽ģȴŮˣƺӵơ
ħ֮仹̸ЩҲ֪ʲôʱ̸֪ܲܽԼŮˣڣˮߵŮ˶ֶƣƿѧ۳ƿڣ̡ҹ˹軹вԼŮ˵̨诶Ϻɽ
ħֽ̨գ̨պ٣ˮʹħ𣬵õǾݴ½˶ˣҲв٣̨ϴԶžʹ²ٷ֧Բ֣Ҳʮꡢǰһء
ǰȥʲôϣϾһ̫ˣݴ½˶޼ƿͬϵ̫ˣˮҲʡ
绹Ǻֵģûˣħˡ
λħҲˣˮƤһֱһҲûʲôʾ͵ˮһˮÿζƤԼڡ
һʱܿ͹ȥˣһѾطˣʣµҲɢˡ
ǲǸûȥˣʲô
̨տˮ
ŶҵˣǶȥ
ˮЦ˵
ţõģ
ҪˣǼȥĻħذɣħɡ
ˮ̫ħǿ󣬴ϻһЩϹﶼһЩħ𳤱Ĵڣħ㹻ˡ
ðɣ
̨ͷ
ˣûµʱкܴİġ
ˮֱӰת뿪ˡ
ˮıӰеã֮ǰˮ˵ۣһκͱ˵˲֪Ĺ¶Ҳû˭˵ǻüҲû˵
ܸܵˮ⣬ûҲû뷨ûۿˣսҲֻͬħ㽻飬ٶǺͻüĹϵ
ǿˣûǷ飬е㻳ԼǲһȫŮˣڴ飬ȴǸо¶Ҳ¶ҵһԼҲˣһŮ˵ĸоɡ
ˮ뿪ʱûٻˮҲûˣԱĮԽӵı䣬ȫԼıһǶʮꡣ
ڶоԺ᲻ϵĳ˵Ӱ˵Ҳ˵ϲֻ˵ȱҪϤеϤ
Ҳת䣬תԼׯ԰ȥҲ֪̾ΪԼ̾Ϊˮ̾
ˣֻһֻĸˣˮ̨աüսħˣüµģĹҲһҪչصĽ׶Ρ
֪̾ü˼֪ԼûκһĻᣬֻܰѶħǷݰĵףԶĵס


1452 ȥħ
̿ʧħǷݰħ֪֪ûȥףûȥס
սͻü»ȻҪͬһˣֻ޴ԶŻߣˮͺƤվħߡ
ˮ˽ŮˣŮҲûбֳԸˮվԼߣӿʼѾǵһˣȫĮӡ
ˮϥϹ걳ϣŮվߣ˴Լһԣǰˮܶ໰˵ڡ
ƮƮӭ·Ҫ𻯷ȥˮعЦ˵кԶ˵˵ɣ㲻Ҫ𣿡
̨տˮȻˮһ󵭵㴫ܵܵȴرⲻκζǶһ޶ֻŮ˵ġ
ˮԼЦˣֻһ߾룬ˮ˿ûаһľ롣
ˮжŮûбʾȴǿ
˫޵ˮʼ£ҲǺ£һԲλ࣬ˮоԼ¿ˮ̡
ˮ¸ҵĺӣֳܵĽëȻеԸʥ࣬ϸ׵ļܹ֬°ֹ°װģ˸еУֻԼԱ
ˮԱ֪ԱҪƤƤԸƤԲš
̨תͷˮȵĿ۽һ˿˵ʲôĲȴˮرȡ
գɲ˵˵¡
ˮЦ˵
̨һ㶻ͷˮԼʲôʱôˣȻԼ֣û˵躰֡
Һʲô
ˮЦˣϾҲ
ȫ
̫Ӳˣ㲻оأ
ˮ˵
Ҹų́ССģֻСƺǶһŮĲ˵ģãԵҲܹϵܺá
ǹϵܺ𣿡
̨˵
ѵбҺϵõ𣿡
ˮһʱûס졣
Բ֪ҲǸ˼
ˮæȡ
̨տˮеšǣ˼ů˵Լ˵˲Ǹ˼ΪʲôҪ˵Բ𡣡
㲻ҡ
Ҳ㣬һԲ𣿡
Ҳǡ
Ѿȥ˺ܾˣֻ֯һѣʣµ֪Ҳޣֻһ̫ˣϣܴ֪֯һ֯Ѿôǿˣ֪ʣ֯˱֯Ρ
õģһжģһһֱ㵽󡣡
ˮο
̨΢΢ҡҡͷ֯ˣͲҪ̤ˡ
Ϊʲôأ
ûô򵥣ûбҪֵ̤á
̨տԶƽ˵
ֵֵò˵ģҾӦ˵ɣ
㻹һˡ
ֻ̨Ǽ򵥵˵һ䡣
ʲôʱҶᶪģ
ˮ˵˵ĺᣬ֪Ůܲ
ҪɵˣҪȡᣡ
Ů˵վϹǰȥ

ˮ·Ҳ󷨣ͬʱս񴫳Уս񴫳֮ǰһӲʵʱ仹ڲϵˮʵƽʱҪ˺ܶࡣ
֮˵˴ֱŻʹķȥҪһЩʱܵ
ˮ˺ܿģˮҲûпֱӼס˻ʹĹϵҲÿ˷⡣
Ů˶ˮҲܺã˿Ժûʲô𣬴ﵽ̶ȵˣ˻Ů˶ǻ۵ˣǿˡ
ӶˮҲȵĺܣڶμѾȻˣõһξͿˣڸȻ
磬ҿüˡ
ÿĵıˮ첲˵
Ұɣǲ˰ɣ
Ҳûأ˼
ã̫ˣûű׼ԵģѲʲôˣ´βϡ
ˮЦæ˵
ô㲻Ҫ
ÿһˡ
˶ЦſǣˮӦһЩ֮ˡŮ߽˿
ʱ䣬֯ûʲô𣿡
ˮһֱ˵
ûУϼһûʲô
ȥһȽϺã֯ڲƽɣ
ˮ˵
֮ǰֱӺȥ֯ڲɱǸ棬ֻ룬½˳ĻôԼһ˾Σˡ
һȻ֪ˮ뷨ҲǳĬһ£ȴЦˣϼһȲԻԼϾѾûжʱˡ
˵ĻˮҲԼʲôڸżǶԷ˭סܾܿͻ䣬ֱ˵ǾһߵȶԷסҲʱʲôΧ֮ڵһЩʵ
㿴ɣǵʵֻҪǸϼһļ𲻳֣ûκġ
Ц˵
ڣҲŸȥɡ
ʱŮ˵
ˮˣûͬ⣬ˮһ
鶨ҲҪˡ
үӣǾȥ˳ȥһЩչˡ
·ϵʱˮҲ֪֯ħֵɡ
ҲûֻЦ˵СģҲ˽ݵĲЩҪܿ٣Щв˺ޡ
лүѣǼסˡ
ˮһ˵
ţ粻ֹģ¶Ҳ֮һʲôʱ򶼲Ҫ⣬ãͷӺһ
ƺܿġ
ˮϴ˾ƺͲ裬ֱ͸˲٣ǴһЩҲǾޱȣһǰ٣ϰṉ̀ԪԷʱԼģѾóؾƣˮҲͲ˼óˣǱ˵ĶҲóˣʹ´͸ˡ
ˮЩͻ治٣Щ÷ˣ¶ơߵơǾƳ¶ƺ⣬Ҳкܶ࣬Ů졢ֱЩõķɾͿԣݹ˾Ϳˡ
ڶ˾ʹǱٽĴǰҲһǿһ֮һȥģϾǣֻǴһ֯һҪģǶƴĶ֣Ϊ֯Ĺϵá
Ҳһ㣬ħĶҲ⣬Ȼݴ󲿷ֵʵûкħнӴӰħʢУԵҲܿ£һˮڶ֪ħΪʲôҪħ
ܸΪʲôħħΪʲôħ𣿡
ˮֱԱߵŮˡ
̨յĻشֱˮˡ
õսĴУսľħҲħ𴫳УҾħ𴫳УҲһǾͻսһľħս񡣡̨տˮ˵


1453 ڣʼ
ˮֱһӵĸоħУҵսɱһľħԼһҪ
ⲻǿЦԼôҲģԼõս񴫳УԼս»Ի̨ħҲԻԼҪͻˡ
̨տˮϲԹôƽĿžˮƺ˼һ
ˮҡҡͷǸŮˣ᲻žħĺһԻأ
սйԻ͵ʱħҲйˮ֪ĹؼŮҲĿĻˮƾҪײǽˡ
ҪħԻĻԼô
̨ˮٴκŮˣ΢΢𣬺΢Сһ΢Ļȣˮ˲ͣһ˲·ѩڻʻʢһЦǣ߻̸Ц
ˮ͵ӣһֱԼ̨յһеţҲ֪ΪʲôоԼ֮ǰͻȻһĸоԾĴ֮ǰ˾ΪԼͲԾһ˿ϲãҲͲԾ˴ǡ
öûЦˣôûʲôֵЦΪ˵ԭ齥תԼ˲ʵһԶַǳԼԶĶһҲòɣ
΢΢ŤͷϾһħǸħүүһЩ̰ͼҼһЩоӲñӵֶɱҼˣҵõ˴УҲ˰㣬ֻܷӡϹͨҵǸˮ
һŮǼ򵥵ĽһˮοѹΪһα˹¼ҹˣȴǺȫ
ħеˣȴûħ룬ħɱѪ壬ʵûУеԳ˵ģħǼҴģûʲô˶ݣˮóʲôսĶ顣
ȻˮҲԲУսǵʶҲʧˣˮᾡһ£Ӧ˱˵ҪҪʵҲˡ
㲻õģҶħûʲôôЩħΪҪǴģȻҲΪħֻҵĳ˶֡
̨տˮ
ˮ˿֮ǰľ᲻ᣬһоˡ
˵һ죬Ǳ᲻ɱأ
ˮʵ
ᣡ
Ů˵
ˮʱ͸оˣЦ˵ʲôȴʲôҲû˵
ûɱ㣬Ͳɱ㣬õôķӦ𣿡
̨տˮڵģƺЩʣԼûע⵽ԼѾʼע˵ˡ
ֻˮԼ͵͵֣ǸܵˣҪľϣ
Ȼһ˰һһ㣬ԷԺԥһɱ㣬ܻ᲻ôɡ
ˮץסͲףֱ޵ģȴֻҪɵס
̨ûнˮĻÿʱǳĬһ˵ˮ˵֪ǰ˺ܻôߵġ
գ˲ֻڳУȻ˵Ҫǣ෴ҪĵףһֱţѹϣĻᱻɱ˫ۣʵкܶõ飬㻹кô㱨𷴶Լӿ졣
˵˵ʲô飿
ˮĻ̨еã
ѧϰԵģѧԼȹ߳ϲһˣŮ˵ϲСӣһ
ˮǲ˵һ
̨һ㶿ˮһ᣺ҪĺһҸ
ˮҭһ£ĲʣСвᣬʵҲֻ˵˵ѣϾҲʡ
Ǹȥ֯ȥˣǺúоо
ˮоԼеŲ
ŮǲһҪҪ·Ҫӣ
̨еãĿˮ
ˮͷ˵ǣĶˣΪŮò·Ϊ֪Ů˴ʲôÿҪĸһȻӰ
̨տˮ֪ˮ˵ĻǼٵģ֪ˮԲ˵ʵ֪ܶ˲ϲң˭ҲԸԼŮ顣
ˮһľˣҲ˵Ļ
ܾҲˣе䣬˵ҲǸˡ
̨ˮһۣҲǲôԣˮǲǴ


Ҳ֮һʹҲйϵͷˮоҲ򵥲
ڣ
ˮһȥľڣħŵоڣһһС֯ˣ֯ĵλҲͣڴʵҲеලá
Ҳԭˮ˸оεھô⣬Ȼǲؿһǿʵ
ڿɣһʼǵޱĿʼȻ֮ǰѾʼˣʱʵעܺһһνǶ֯ǻԵĴ
ǴĴţɽϣһɾһĴڣɽ̣ﻨ㣬һϢ
ˮֱɽϣңңڣԶԶȥں׳ƣպ⣬ȣȴܳ㡣
Ĺ⣬Ҫչ⣬һľ̫ľ
һѵĻϵţĹͰԵ
ٴһѾڵſڡ
ʲôˣԴڣ
ŵһ˳߱ŵ˵
ˮֱһ̤£ʹ˾̤
̤
һӽΧӣȻǰǸֱӱ䣬ˮûдôţû뵽ھȻôţ⣬ȻҲͲÿˡ
¡¡ΧĽֱӵһƬ޴ֱӴԶֱŤͷܣҽʱ
ҲֱڲȥȻǱȥˣˮҲá
գôҪƽ𣿡
ˮҲûлͷʵ
üˮĻҲһ㶣ʲôʱôˣȻԺˣ˼Ŀˮħ
սҲǾȣǶû˵
̨˵ߵһЩ޹ؽҪ˾ǰɣҪЩһ
ˮӦã
ʱԶֵ߷˲ֻвʮˣˮоԷڻûаԼһ˷аɣ
Ϊ׵һ˻׵ͷ˫ȴ絶˲ʱ򿴵̨ɫһ䡣
ԭ㣬һΪأħΪ̨ҵϹﻹڰ
˿̨տ̱˵
ҽȥүģаɣ
̨ȴֱӳ֣һͳߣеѪ쳤ʹ̶


1454 Իڵĸ
ˮ֪е˭ȷڵĵλͣΪԷʵףǰͷ֮ˡ
ôҲ벻̨յʵѾȣһǵõħеˣ̨ճ˵мͷ
ֻˮе㲻ǣ̨Ϊʲôѧ˹ʽսսѵħгͻ
ǰҲ̨յսϬĹ֪ǲħս˵似ûʲôͻһõħеѧϰħսףҲߵһܸߵĸ߶ȣһ㲻ѧս
̨ͻ˵ĹΧʱϵȻеѪ쳤ȴó˹ʽ
ʽʽ
ˮϬĹһ㵣֪ŮʲôʱģٶȾȻô죬ŮкöһģӦòǺɾƵĶӦǿٶȵı
۾Ӱˣ̨׼һôӵһȣӰӰٶȸӿ˳ȥѪĳŷѪɫνεס
ͣ
˲ŵĿؿڱᴩĳһУôҲû뵽ղŮȴһɱԼҪ𡭡
̨ճħ˲ʵĵȥӰȻ˳ȥõĲĲͰԲĽϣںˮë
Ů˵츳ˮߵģʣµ̨յĽ¶ǲһ̫ˣ̨ܶչвҲֻ֯ˡ
һ͵͵˺Ȼųһ֧޴̶̻ԴԶԶźţڣźžͳΣˡ
ȻѾˮҲͲĳ˽ȥһ¼ݿĽЩڵ𣬼ͬʱ½ʮӰ߳
ʲôˣȻڷ
һϵδǺһ㣬˲Щ˾ͳ嵽ǰ
ʲôˣ˵ʲôˣƥǷծҪģǷҺܶôˡ
̨Į˵
˵˭أħҲһ˿Ѫˣ֪ϧҾħš
뷢룬һֻʨһ㣬òֻܸоһˣ֮ǰǸһ͸оˡ
ˮʱѾ̨վһ𣬸ǽ˼ϣзսҲʹˡ
ڵŮʵѾˮҲƽˡ
ȻҪɱҲͲôϻˣˮȻģʹ˻֮
֣
ˮɴֱӵһ˹ȥ
ɽ
ϣ
гɽеĻƽսһʽʽ棬žɽֱӽŶ˳ȥ
䣡
޴ĳֱӽԷһΪ׵ֱˡ


Ϊ׵˴ȵΧѸٽһɣеͻȻϳһƽ⣬ϵֱ
ˮüͷһ壬гޡ
֮𣬷գ
еͻȻƽתƵϣһ̷·һС̫һּһƬɫĻ档
عǰˣ󵶡
ˮڶЦǾʣ֮ͨͻ֮𣬻湥ֱӿԺӰ˳ɣο޺飬ɵľǶѷŻ湥ǿҲûá
ˮתֱӽΧĻ滯⣬ڵĶսڴ½㣬ֱӱ˺ӣݴֱöԷ˹
ƣ
ˮӰһ֮⣬ƽս͹
ʽ
أ
һ޴һȱڴˣǵ̰ϵһ֮Ѩ˲ŷҲﴩ˽ȥ˲
ˮ˵ʵھת𵤵£ѾվݵһУֻһЩϹǣľһ֮ҲС
οˮħǲóǻüսͬҲǣȻˮħҪѷɫ١
սһʼһߵˮļֻޣرޣֱΪ¾սսɱ¾Ȼǿһ
ҪٶȣǴ̿ͣҲǿΣԼߣսʵ־ãȺսɱǿޱȡ
ϵ˵£̨պǸ౬ѵս˱ȫѹƣ̨յĲƮɱ裬ÿһǻɡ
ˮЦˣŮʵֲȻʱ䣬羫ˣˮоԼҪǿ٣Ҫ֪ˮڵԲͣоŮ˳ԽӦΡ
ʽǿ˺ܶ࣬ǿŵںܿˡ
ʵΣǵʵʤԷޣϹҲΣԲ˰ʵǾǧʵҲ־ޡ
ն
Ѿ˲ʮ˺ȻģҲᣬʱ֪Ѿ޷ŤתսˣڵĽҲɸıˣǰһҲá
ͨɱǿֱʹó
Ŀȫʹãÿʹöһµʱ䣬һеҲ޿ɵġ
һС̫ĹâĴ̨նȥ
ˮһֱ϶ôͰѹ׵Ĺ˳ʹò룬ֱʹʥʯָ˲Ůǰ
ͬʱǾ޴ĵն
ǻԵĹˮǸƣÿζҪҪͨɱǿ󣬱ϾҲǺܴģóвɱ˾ֻԼˡ
սˣʱһͨɱͽս
أ
ˮŮ˺ı˳ȥ
ˮôֵΪ׵ÿԵֵһ
˿ź˵ˣңѸٵȥʱֱ˹ȥˡ
ڵҲʵǿ֮һϧˣͨɱôֲ
ʣµĽѾ˹ˣֻ޼Ϲ꣬ϹڵʵҲǺֲܿģֲǷϹ궢ţʣµɱҲǷǳѸ٣οսͻüҪ֪ˮһ˼ޣҲǧʵ
ɿҡ
̨ʵ֮ǰҲǺܺ£֮ǰˮ֣ҲˣĿԺܴбսɱϧ֮ǰֵʶסˡ
ΣյʱֳˣˣǵڶΣһˮˣһȴûʲô顣
ףֻˮ֪ϴεĹһȴǹϾ˵ʵǿģƾɱɱ˲ٱԼǿһĵˡ
ˮ§ûɿǿŽߵ±գûþĶǣЦ˵Ůˡ
ţлл㣬ֻǲô˵ɱҲټ˵ġ
̨į˵
ˮ㣡
˵ɿһʣµС
̨һ²֪ˮ˵ʲôε΢΢ҡҡͷҲս
ϱսȴˮҲûдأսģҲЩսˣЩ˻ʸ


1455 ˣս⻷䣩
սƽˣڳ˿լҲһЩĵĵӣĶˮ˹ǵĽעҪġ
˲Ǻܶ࣬ҪһЩ˶ˣȻһЩ©֮ҲģѡԶ߸߷ɰɣϾڶûˡ
һγɱ˳ֻмһαʣûˮĻ̨һˣΣգͨɱܿ£Ǳ֮ôǿ
ȻͨɱҲǷŵȵģ˵־ԲһͨɱȻˮԶֵһһˡ
Ҫ֪˵ʵҲͱüսǿһ㣬ˮıΪƾԵֵס⹥ģٲǵֵһû뵽ͳˡ
˻ƽսꪣˮһҲ˾޴ı仯Դﵽһڰǧʵǿ󣬾ÿֻʹһΣҶԶԷһĹЧеѣлģϾǸε߱ʵѾһǧ
һսˮûϣ׵óԼͨɱģͨɱҪõؼʱá
ڼҪ뿪ʱԶȴǳ޵ӰٶȺܿ죬߷ˮеƣʲô˻
ˡ
ˮܿԼĴ𰸡
Ǵˣξ֪ˣ˶һ͵ˣŽɫգλﲻرԣֻҪ΢עܿ
ˮ˿ˣˣֱݣһֱ˲Զͣ
Ӧħ˰ɣ⡣
һһ˿ɵɫ˵
˼ңǴ˰ɣħˣЩԹͻȻûϺʹкĪ֡
ˮ˵Է
˫۾ˮſ̨գսͻüҲ˿оȸŨˣȻЦ˵޷Ҳ˶￴ϾǴ
˼ңݵ֪ûı
ˮ˵
ȻͲĲңˮĻ۾һҲôݵһᣬ΢΢̾˵ıҲûа취Ȼıˡ
ʵѸıˣǸʵǼ塢ɵʵ˭Լ޵У˭ԼļڵǿģЩ鲻ܵġ
֮ΪŽᣬ˼ϰԵ˭Ҳ˭ͬ˭Ҳ֮¡
ˮЦ˵
ǵͷĪСֵʲôð취𣿡
ԵĻ̸̸ҺʹеԨԴԷһЩѡһôķڷ¸ص˳Ϊͬ˵ȻÿһЩϣЩҲҪֵ¸ءĿԶΪˣΣ
ˮ˵
ˮѣԼʹĹϵǸı䲻ˣҲſһЩģοԺԼĳɾ֮ϣڻҪЩ
һҪȥǵ£еĿԺܴллǰǳڡ
̹ϵˮЦ
ĸ࣬־½˵ģڱûУԴ٣λǿҪ½˵ĴڣûˣᱻԽ
ˮȥ˵Ҫúдλˮлˣ˵˳Ļеǻᡣ
ˮһ뿪һĿȥǸʼЩ̨ռǵúҪһ㣬ֻ֪һ֣һҪ֪֯
ʮ죡
һξǶʮȥˣʮˮ̨˻ٵһһңһʱ֯˶Ļ̻̣ٶǨˡ
ʱˮѾص˴Ѿˣʮˣ֪ܲܰ֯Ƴ
ħݸˣħյĶԹҲɢȥħ˵Ķ࣬Ҳ˵ħá
ǰ˵֯õģû˸Ŀŵ˵һ˵ͷˣ֯ܶ಻Ϊ֪ĳ¾һһ¶²ţ´ǧֽħǺ¡
֯ܳסһֱ¶棬˵鵹ǳ˳̸ǽ˵½ˡ
ˮ⣬Ҳر⣬ķڷƾ֪½ˡ
̨պˮûħʲôϢħԭ򣬾ǰѣϻҪ޵ġ
˵ϢܿɢȥСǺܿģŽŽԱ֯С
ˮ˾ڴĻʹĺԺס˳֯棬λúƫƧˮɾԺкߡ
ˮ˵ҪҪأȥɱ϶֯ͻˡ
üˮԺзȥЦ˵
ţٵȵȣĻǺүһȥԷǶ֣ȥĿԲ̫ߣҺ׳
ˮЦ˵
Ҫи󷨣ܴӿĶá
ü˵
һ仰ͻȻˮԺлоʶƺЩʲô
ü˵Ǿ仰ʱԺ˲һЩϤ󷨵Ķֲ񣬸ǷսĶ˲ϻüֱӳʶ
ս⻷䣩ģ
ˮƺ֮ǰս񴫳оս⻷Ķֻһ򵥵Ľܣûоİ취Ҳ֪ȴǱս⻷
һˮֱӴסˣⲻϤ
츲󡢵󡭡
Щ󷨣һֹ⻷ʽ˲䷢ģһβܳʮ棬һԼҲܡ
ǿ󡢾ȣ˲˼飬ⶫ̫ǿˡ
Ϲʱڵǿ󷨣ֻǺս⻷ˣˮæЧһģһ˲ģʹͨԿʹúĿиĹ⻷Źӵķġ
ˮֱ޴ڱҵĸо
ȻӵĲǺܶ࣬ҲԲ٣츲Ӷɵ˺ϧҪٶȣǱ׶ˣˮҲ֪츲⻷û̫õãеع⻷ӽɵķ˵ˣõʱ˵һЧ
ѣѣʲôЦôüˮĶͷ
ˮҲЩ⻷ЧҪ֪ڵҲһѣЩ⻷Ҳڶɰ룬һǷһɵ츳һɵķս⣬Ǻֲܿġ
һɵĹǺܿµģһս⻵½˺֯սʤѳɶˡ


1456 ⻷ѪԪ
ǲӦúүǲǸȥ֯ˡ
ˮ΢Ц˵
üһ㶲ʵΪʲôͻȻ뷨
ʱ̨˹ˮҲûлش𣬶ЦſŮڻü
ҪҪ뿪һᡣüЦ˵
ҪҪģˮͷ˵
ðӲŰüЦſˮҲվ
ЦҺպסɣնû˵˵˵ҲҪμӡˮε˵
ε˵֣Ҳ̨ɫһ˲ĲȻƺ뵽ʲôҺ׾֪뵽ʲô
ҵȻ֪׵ģɲʲô˶׷ģҪӰѾˡüζЦ
ЦҲͻüҿ
ûпңһŬġˮӿ̨ղûвõɫЦ
ˣշȲ˵ˣȿǱɽŮʲôҪ˵ų̈Ц
ҵ˵һ©ǿߣһȥԸڴУһҲꡣ̨տˮ˵
СҰСڳסУС𷮡̫䣬̫˾١ƳƴæСΨʿҰ
˻֮ʿ̨ҵѡ
ðȥǣˮЦʡ
ھȥ
Ҳȥüվ˵
㻹ɣݾߡˮ̨պ˵
СģˮҪչ˺ǹ
üҲûм֣֪ˮھûʲô̫ĺ֮ǣ·ûġ
һģһžͲ˺һ˿һ
ˮº͵ЦȻ̨һ뿪ʹԺ
̨֮ǰˮǾ仰΢΢ĵͷܵ˱ػǰҲ˹ػ续üǰмˣڵĲͬһ˵ĸоԼԼеϲָо˵ǸоһսʲôְȫУɣҲˮԭҲת䣬ǰԻһǰ
ҲͲǧƬ˾Ѿ˸ȻѾԿĲȥ
ϲ꣡
˵϶ôĺãҲҪһС꣬СﲻǷشĶһİա
ˮ̨򲼵̨꣬մ˶ңǳ˵˻˺ܶĿ⣬ĵطһ˵ĵӱȽСҲǿ
ȻɫҲΪʱѾʮſڡ
˵С椳ô
һ˿̨˵
ΣٳҲȱҪһһɡ
ḻȻǻʲôȥ湻ٿΣ
أ
˵·ס˲һ˫Ŀһ۹Ǿ֡

𣬶ʮֱֱӱ̨յɱ
֪۸˶ˣ๼̨ղ֣ˮҲᶯֵġ
Ȼֱӽȥꡣ
ΧûˣһɱˣֱӶˣǺԶľ߿ǵģ뵽ЩɱˣǾԶԶܿܶԶܶԶ
ҲûˣϲҲͰƽףĹģֻǺСˡ
ˣ
һϵ
ھʣ̨һˣ˵ӵǺܴ飬ѩ׵ĺˮһӾ뵽ǰʥˣͦġ
ţմѪԪȴһС㡣
̨˵
ʱһʱͿ飬Ҳѡһͨˡ
̾ƽ˵
ɱ˳ʵǿһս㿴ΣҲҰ֡
̨Į˵
ѵ治ܷһ·
ü˵
ܣҵĳأˣȻһҪ
̨ռᶨ˵
Ҳɱˡ
ٴ̨̾ա
㲻һɱǣȥ㡣
̨˵ˮȥֱͣڸ߿ա
ˮֱӽ״̬ӳֵãʹ˻⻷˵Ĺ˲٣ˮλÿԼɰ룬̨յλһɣˮѡλõЧƽ
ˮѡ˻λŮ˵Ĺɰ룬ϾʵͱˮǿϷսֱĳɰ롭
̨ղ˼Ŀˮһֱڸϲһεľϲ̫ˡ
ǲǸоұǰ˧ˡ
ˮЦſ̨ա
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ˮ仰棬ǸоŮ˵һĴ򿪣ŮʵѾڿЦɫֻ˸оģˮȴǿԸܵı仯
գǸⰡԼƯƯ
̨һ㶣֪û˺˵
ˮҲǣ˭˵ƺ˵Ҳûм䣬Ů˻ЦǸ޵ŮˣɣҲ䣬˪
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˵仰Ȼ䡣
ǰʥһĸ˫մѪȣ˵һ䣬һɵѪϢӡ
ݵѪԪ
һ˫۾ı˺ɫһ׺Ϣ·Զޡ
ˮ˿⣬̫ͣϢģгޣȻֱӻ֮

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һֱӽɽŷɣ˫۷·ѪĹΡ
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ˮٴʹһ£Ϊ֮ʲôʱǼٶԷȫʵɣǼٵǰʵһɣʵһ٣һɣʣ¾ʮ֮ԷĶʮʵɣ֮ǰĶʮ֮ʣ°ʮôֻǰһɣҲʵֻаˡ
ʹû֮ĻͻƵ֮ǰĻ֮ΪһΣԶһ㣬Ҳˮ֪ģ֮ǰǾѻ֮ʹá
ڱŷɾɽ˲䣬Ѹˡ
Ѫ򿴵޺Ѫ۾һֻȻ̽Ѫɫֱһƽķɡ
ǺøȻһֻɱޡ
ϵʵҲǺֲܿעҪ
ˮ˵Żƽսꪳ˹ȥ
ʽ
Ȼǻƽսĺˡ
˾һеľ޴նһƬƿˮĻƽսꪡ


1457 ħ󷨣ָ΢Ц
أ
һ޴ı죬ˮӰˣҪ֪ˮڵʵҲ൱ģǱˣˮȴһӺ
ʽǿ˱󣬵ҲѪħĴУһ򵥵ĹˮˣɼԷʵǱˮҪ¡
ô˵ʵ½ҲѷɫˣǴиˣݺ嫹󣬵ûȴŽĴڣԱϵĶֻһŵĺǧܵ棬Ȼʱ֪ôġ
ѪԪҲǴһΪǵõս񴫳УҲӦôǿ󣬺οԱ߻иŮˣŮ֪Ҳħĺˣõħеˡ
͵ˮҪȥʱһֻס
סˮ̨գסˮֱһɱ˹ȥʵĳɰ룬˿õħõħеˡ
ˮ޸̨գֻҪлͽйҪʱ̨ա
ħ裡
̨յĴħĴУħ󷨣Ҳǵһʹħ󷨡
ӰƮݣеĳѪڵӣеħŮ
Ѫǿ
һֻ޴ѪצȻ̨ץȥһƬ˿ѪߣѪŲ̣һֻѪɷһſ޿ڣ̨ա
ħ䣡
̨յһһצӣеħһӱѤʵնѪԪ
Ԫɫһ䣬Ų̤еնһƷε̨ȥ
䣡
޴ıΧһƬ飬ԼǳΧжˡ
ʱ͵ڳԪһи˲䡣

ԪȻӰһˡ
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ޱķɣԪı۰ϱҧһ鲻С⣬ѪȪӿһ㡣
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ˮһҲֱӽԪ˳ȥ
Ѫӡ
ȥĳԪͻȻַӡȻͻȻˮ
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ˮֱӱסԪƺԾΪˮƺûж㣬ͬһʱ䣬ˮų˿йԽϡ
ˮ֪ɱﵣðգԷ첲ϵѪӣֱӷų˿йԽϣڶԷס˲䣬Ϊһ˲ݵʧ
йԽ³ֻһ޵Σ˿СڵĿйԽǽȣ̶ֲȲСӡ
ʵﵽ̶ȣжϿ֪ģ˼Ҳû룬ӵֱӽֱն£ǡÿйԽϴﵽ˵ĵסӰٴαˡ
ˮһ׵еֵһһļֻ˵һֻ۰
ӦҲ˰ɣ
˾룬йԽֻܻⶫǿȴи㣬ڿдڵʱ̫ɱȲޣȻǺǿġ
ԪɫҰףʧѪѾˣȻڿסˣֻҪսѪתתǻѪҺġ
Ѫ㵱ɱҼʮڣ๼Ҫˡ
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˿ѪĵɳȥѸήȥ
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ˮסҡҡ׹̨գħǿ󣬵ͬǿµģԷʵ̫ǿĻлᷴɡ
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ˮ뵽ֻԥҪҪǫ́տѵôܰʱƣŮƺûǰôı䣬΢΢üʾƣͲ
óһţϾͺˡ
ˮһž쵽ߣŮ΢΢ſڣˮŽȥҩĴഥһһСľͰʳָȥһָǡ
ܵǷ۵⣬һĸоͨ裬̲סһһˮԼһ̫ˡ
ͻȻָһۣĳ˳ѾѪˣŮ˱̹ǵˮεЦЦҲǹģҪҡ
ǿŮ˵ʵôһѾָˣվֱ˵ллĵҩ
Щ㣬һ첻ҪʹóΣȻ̫󡣡
ˮظʮƿ
ŮҲûп߳ԪĿռǰն֮һѻʬٻȻֱ뿪Żʹȥ
ˮŮûʲô仯Ҳ˿֮ǰ̫ᱡˣŮҲ̫ˣȻԼѪһû뵽ԼѪˣֻԼָɽ
գЦ𣿡
Ů˲˵
޹𣿡

ˮԼоԼе£Ůǰûа취Ҫŷϰ߱˵˵ܶ˵仰
Ҳǹˮ֮ǰΪ˵ллĵҩ֮һֱ˵
Ҳ̫ˣ
ˮŶŮ˿ĵ˵
仰̨նһ㶣ͷˮܿģ
ԸӣҲϣһֱ޶ԣʱҸоУܵĴڡ
ˮЦ˵
Ů˳Ĭˣתͷ˵лл㣬ҷʱѾ˺ܶ࣬ϲָоҲ֪⡣
㲻лңĸԸģʢû㣬ҵʵǰҲԭ򡣡
ˮЦ˵
˵ʵڶ֪ʲôλãħҲǳģ˵Ұ㵱ʲôأ
̨һ㸴ӣ΢С
Ҳ˵𣬰յˣҾǺԼҲẦģҡ
ҵȻ㣬ȻҲ˵Ҳ㶫
ҲһĸԸΪһʲô飬κλرҲϣԷ̫⣬ֻҪһ΢ЦˣȻ֪΢ЦݳˣֻҪһˡ
ˮЦſ
𣿡
Ů˿ˮЦˣӲ΢Сֻһ˿Ц⣬ԵЦЦһƴ磬ЦȣЦ绨ŵ˲䡣

ˮ˺һᣬŮ˵ЦѾʧˡ
ˮڷ·һеҲߣŮܶЦǰҲţȴǳΪʵмˮŬֻԼ֪
ʹˣüսڣˮ̨ջüɿʵô
ǻţԷѾˡ
ˮЦ
Ǿͺãû°ɣû˰ɣ
üĵ˵


1458 ֯֯ӳ
ʵˮ̨ƽʲôҲ֪ˣҲ˿
ˮ򵥵˵ɱԪ飬ûüܿ˵´β£ˮЦЦ˵Ӧ̨գҪϤһЩ
ԷʱǺ½ˡһԵġ
֣֮ͦҲο󲿷˶Ǿٴʲô鶼ˣֻûоʲô̫飬Ҳһ˾Ҫܶࡣ
½Ϊ˶ðգֻ˲֪½˰бмһ˺أ˶û¶档
үӣ뿪ˡ
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ˮΪʲôҪ뿪Ҫ֯𣿡
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Уǲô֣ǺүӴһȥɣ
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ˮǲȥˣҪѸٽ飬ǫ̃һǿĵ֯˭
ҪһҶ裬Ҫ
ˣˮļˣõս񴫳УߵŮħУݲôף֪϶ͻƣ⾳֯к֣Ǻһصʵˡ
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˵Ļǳˮϣ֮ǰо֯ƱѪҲǿ˶٣ѪԴ뿪֯ʵ٣Ծ㲻֯棬Ҳ̫࣬Ҳˮȥ֯ܲɱϼһԭ
ڿЩ鿴̫ˣҪ֪˵ʵһһһԷʵϷĵȼǿװޡ
޵ʵߣɱԼߺܶʵ
ˮĹʵսͺǿٶȵȣҲһֱɱʵߵԭ򣬲Σر½߶ȣˮƾͲˣνһưɣʵĶˣɾͲܴЧˡ
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ˮڻҪӳ飬ҪһĴǵȻ޷Կ
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Ĭһ¿ˮүӣֻǸ֯治£µ֮ʵ
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⣬ˮˣ֪˼ȻӦɡ
ħħеĴȱħõģ˻ħǰѵ¼˵˶֪֯Ϊ
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Ǿ鷳˼ˡ
ħȻɴħϢȥʱȻһЩۣͬȴɳȥɢǰ׼õϢοЩϢʵħûɱ޹ˣɱĳˣɢħǴȱħħ
ʱħңħΨһĺħǺģһӡϾ͸ıˣħǴѣǺ֯Ҷġ

֪Ѿһ¹ȥˣħǴܶ࣬ƶȵΧУǺӵħΪ֪ħħһɫˡ
ħˣѾסȥˣʹǺԶҲͰңƫڹϣ˿ûݻ֮ˮ̨һƵġ
̨Ҳϲݻûʵĸоˮȥķ䣬ķྻţһȾΨԷǸŮӵķ䣬һֵ㣬رĴ齣ˮȥɡ
ˮȻҲסħҲԼķ䣬Ƥ˴̨սģǽҲͬһ¥ϡ
Ǿ뼸ʮ׵һСׯԺУׯ԰ţס¥ۼʮףվڴǰ˵
ˮε͵ЩţоУ̫ˣɾޣָʽ
ֻҪܺͶԷԿˮսʤԷƽս꪿˵רƻԷıģսףֻҪļʾҪùˡ
ָĽҲ٣ʽҲ٣ҪˮڽָûƽսʹóȻЧ̫ãҲһ޴Ľ
ܳɹ½ǸҲס
ж죬ǶˮҲıʯĺڱʯˮҪԼٶȣаۣһֱûкʵıʯǶ
ˮ̨նһ˫ǰµıʯܶ࣬ǿҪںϣ˳ӸһٶҲ̫⣬ǰô߼ıʯ
ǶǣںһȻں϶һʧܺȫʧܸ˼ζȫʧҪͷ
ڱʯһɵٶȣļڱʯɵٶȣ弶ڱʯɵɵٶȣƷйϵڱʯ߳ɵʮɵٶȣ߼ڱʯʮһɵʮٶȣ˼ڱʯʮɵʮٶȣżڱʯӶʮһɵʮٶȣ
ٸ߼ľڴ˵ˣżڱʯٶȡʯԴΪƷʺûӵķȷΧˮõҲһ弶ڱʯ弶ɵٶȣǿƷʲٶȣֻںһţϿһţףǼЬӡ·ҪںϣҪۣÿںϵıʯͬĲܵȼͬȻֻһЧ


1459 αģ
ˮľ浹оŸںϵλãˮҲֻںϵ弶ʯͷѾˮٵٶˣһҲҪںϣٶȣֻһ˿һֻһɣһֱ弶Ҳ˲һٶȡ
һٶʵֲ̫ˣοı屶ٶȣôٶˣҲΪʲôˮٶȱʵܶ˶Ҫ졣
ʯĵȼŵ弶˾ʧܣҲûа취Ȼкܶ౦ʯɹںϣʧܵļʺܸߣرǵ弶ľûгɹ
ˮɾϡвҲ٣Ͼռ˺ܶĿ׼ҽһĿռвٵϡвϣǶеļƷ
ʯ
ˮΪŮ˶ѥӾϣˮġ
ֲûɬÿɾİж㶫Ҳоһ£ϹŶϣܴܴġ
Ĺǿģƽʱͨ϶죬ѾǺˣˮΪŮ˶һ˫ѥӲе뷨Ѿ˺ܳʱ䣬ֻŮŮװˮԥˡ
뵽ˮͣȻˣ˻Ƕɣòϻ֪أòϻ˿õϡ
ҲǸо̨òϣˮʱɣʧܶˣĹ̳˳
ʱһĹȥѥӺķѵʱ;Ǿ޴ģʱҲҪ̫ãһܵʱ仹Ҫģһ㶼ǲ˿Ӱ졣
ˮҾһ׿һڶ·һܣһִĿУһֳɾ͸С

һ貵Ĳʹ֣ˮЩΣ֪Ǽʣھ˼Ŀģɹˣƺ
ѥӣһ°ɫĹΣܴɢһֵϢ
α񼶣
ˮʱֱӴסˣеĶһƷΣˮĻƽսꪣˣǴ˵
һ㴫˵Ǵ˵еĶˣˮֻкССļʶ˵Ķڴ˵֮仹һΣǾα񼶡
αǳԽ˵Ĵڡ
ԼȻԶα񼶱ĶǸľϲ
ٶıļıһĹٶȣЧ
ЧڶԷĹʱһļʣġ
α񻯣α񼶱ĶԺκװף
ǿ̫ǿˣرǶЧĺǿˮĶۺ죬һļʣǶôǿ
һˮϲα񼶱ĶԭԺκζףҲ̫޳ˡ
ºˣˣֻˮڶ̨֪յŮװѥʲôһ뵽񼶵Ķ֪ԲѷɫӦҲò
׷αеĶõģ񼶵ҲѷɫʲôеһЩεĻĵġ
ˮûзϣˮо滻ŮװеѥӵĿԺСɴͲٴˣġ
ƽʱúܿ죬һξǰȥˣʱˮħм̨ճȥΣħֵΧڻû֯ˡ
жˮʱ䲻̣óʱ䣬ˮս⻷оĲˣҲ٣ѽʱ䷴ʵҲˣϧûж١
̨ǵʵҲ˲٣ıҩֻ֮ĻûƳ
ˮʵ꣬ȻɾʱͶˣǿˣԳƵϿֲˣϧû֪ˮԭ
ʽЩͻƣչҲܻѾ˴е־磬ڵĹʽˮս
СԲ磬ĵӦַ֣·Լһʹˮ
ʱ䣬ȻҲˮʵ࣬սȴǲˮҲֲܿϾҲһʣнĳɾͿɼٱˮ츳õö࣬ˮоԼǿһ
ˮһȥʹ˵һԷʱ䣬һÿ¶һһԷ˵Щ飬һֵˡ
ʱ䣬̨ɺƽˮûпһֱı䣬Ч̫ãԼ֮䵹Ǣ˺ܶ࣬һ˿ʤ
ʹϯܷʢ˺ܿģˮٿߵӣе㸴ӣܿͱ˿ġ
ˮпǷɼڵһжԭ򣬲Ȼ治룬ԼƤҶҪռݣõĽ־
ڲһˣתž޴תԼָ䣬һԼһܰǸϹҲܳȫԷ
Ϣ϶ܿͻǻǿߣץҪɱʧ
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ȻˣǾҪԶõģ˲ǶôǿֻҪˮʵǵģӦû⣬ʱҵʵҲرǾϡ
½˺˵
½ڣˮоһɣûˮͻᷢЩ鶼ҪǣڲͬˣֻҪˣʱ뷨˵ʵӵڴӦöɱɣϾԳ䲻⡣
үӣʲôʱܵأ
ˮ½ʵ
һܰɣʱϣ˲࣬ÿһǻǺΣա
˿ˮ˸оˮܰæܲսʤҪ˵ġ
ǵʤж𣿡
ˮЦſˡ
ܴЧĻǻеʤģĻǵʤٶһɣǵʤ㲻ߣС
˿ˮܼᶨ
̨յ˶û˵Ȼ˵ɣÿ˶оóأصִǶ½˻ǿĴڣпܾȫʧˡ
ҵģһϲǻкܴϣġ
ˮЦ˵˻֪ս⻷Ч
ս⻷Ƕһ޶ģֻлƽսУûǿ
ĻһеգѾеڴǵĵ
½˺ܼ
ˮҲǸսӣƺս˿ȣǿȵʱ˫۾Ҳǳţһʤȯաƿȫֵĸо

صħˮоԼ׼ʲôˣһνһξ޴вܰϣȫϣȻһиʧǾ֮ˡ


1460 ӣ㣬չ
뵽ҪʲôʱȴַԼûʲôģйԽϡޡ

ˮ뵽ʲôԼƺûкúõùأɾĶණҲ٣Ҳ˲ٱ飬ֻһֱãڵʱԱ󻼡
뵽Ϳʼ֣ɾѪѾ൱ģĶֻˮǶ˽ƣ뿪Զľ롣
ݣ涾ޣҶ涾ޱȣȻˮҲռЩټˮо壬ööĶܶࡣ
ʹûô棬Ҫһֶ̺Σʲôһþܶߣǿ߶ڶĿԻǺܸߵġ
ԵĹһֱӣһЩ޵ݺͶҺͨѪҺ࣬о壬ͨҲܴﵽ࣬ߵǿˣҲǺǿ
ˮ䶾ҪǶҺʵʵĶֶҪý飬簵ʲôģˮֵȻǰҴû¹
嶾һеǿߺܷܿǿԳֳǿɫζ֪嶾
ˮֱųˣѪҺȾǿֻҪ˶ĿҲûа취˲ضѪҺ
ӣ
õĶҩһӶĶҩˮֱӾˣ֣ϲ
ֶҲҺ壬ˮм˲ٵľƣƻôҺ˼¶ȴӶ
Ǻ˳ģֻˮ˲һΪ¯ڶ壬Ķ塣
ȻˮǶ壬ڿϱȶ˿ѷɫڵĺȻһϣͼЩѾö޷˺οϹս֮գһаĶ
ֻͨ˵綾֮ܳϾ綾ǳǿˡ
滨롢꺮顭
ˮİǳֲģȻʱʱˣû䲻⹥ޱһЧ
ˣ
ˮ̨յķš
Ҫ׼ˣԷѾϾ͵ˡ
ſˣ̨տˮˮֱӿ̨յĽţŮװѥӣڲŷ֣ʵ滹˫ѥ
̨տˮĽţе㲻⣺ôˣ
Ҫһ޴Σգǲǰ㽫ǸѨ򿪣Զһս
ˮ˽ȥ˵
̨û˵
ǰˮֻ̨ûдӦһˮҲûӦԵӦʱ˫ѥӣֻǲ֪ıѥǸʵԸǿ
ҲãˣҲһź
̨˵
ˮ׼˵ǿ׼ѥˣȴû뵽Ů˾Ȼͬˣ̫ˣֱӴ
ôˣ㲻Ը⡭
̨տˮֱ˵
ôᣬ̫ͻȻˣе㼤
̨գ
ˮһν̨յңŮƺе㲻Ȼˮûжˮе㷢ë
ˣȻ˧ԺǿԾġ
ˮЦ
ţͦƯġ
̨ƽ˵
˵Ůˣ˧Ư
ˮˣ֪Ů˹ġ
ǿʼɣҪô
̨ת⣬֮ǰĲȻҲʧˡ
ڴϰɣЬѵ
ˮָָ˵
Ů˺ܸɴ࣬߹ȥˮĻȥһ˫Сţɢ˵Ĺɢջ񱣬֪κ˿˫ŶỳԼǲ񱡣
ˮ̧ͷȻŮһ˿εĽգ̲ס˵㾹ȻˣգڵŮζˡ
쵰˵㡣
̨ձˮĻ˵ĸӲȻˣڸܵԼı仯֪ǲǺãָог
ţ㡢㡭
ˮסһ֧㣬Ĵ覣;£ŵ㣬ȷⲻ㡣
ǰЬһ죬۶ƯŮˣٺҲƯԡĨһЩˮʲôģеζ
ϸ֬ʧԣһʱȻҪʲô
ž
̨еһ¡
ʵӦˮѾ˺ܶܶ࣬Ȼ֪ⱲӲˣܾǰ;ˣ׷ʵҪΪ˸ٴˮǸ⡣
֪Լ಻Ե֣оˮߵ죬ҵԼӦԵ֣ϧҲԵʲôҪŬһ£֪ҲԼҪŬʲô
ˮЦһȻʼѨַȻȲ֣Ҳѷɫʲô飬ŵ׵ѨǷǳģۣаѨʲôġ
̨ϵú࣬ɫеƽʱһɣҲһΪ顣
岻ʱĻһ£һɹղܣĸоûйĸо
ˮó룬ˮ붼ǲմȾκ˼ʣر룬ڱһΣһУǡǲֱӽӴġ
ۣ
ûжãһ΢𣬷·ʲô㱻ͨһֻ̨оһصƺˣƺǿˣָоǿңһ־
ûʣûаǵڶˮģһҶҲˣǵ嶼ģûһ˿۹
һֻţ˳ԴͨѨͨˣֻҲˮ񫡭ϸ㡭
˻֡
̨տˮĽһسһ˵
ҪһᣬЧá
ȥʲôҲ֪ôû֡
̨ûҲ뿪һЩôȻͲӴȻͻһܾˡ
֮ǰֻŴͨѨˣŶôƯ
ˮͷһ¡
̨Ѹٳ˻ɫ˵ԽԽˣ۸ǲǡ
Բ𣬲Ҫұ֤û´Ρ
ˮæ˵
Ź֣ǵڶα֤ˡ
˵Ŵѩ׵ĳѥӡ
ˮܿģΪŸо̨ǸŮˣ˵
գûзںܿɰ𣿡
ˮЦſ̨ա
̨һ㶣ɰ⻹ǵһһô˵ԼǸˡ
ǿɰ𣿡
̨û˵һ䡣
㣬ǿɰˣ˫ѥӸ㣬òõ϶¡
ˮĵݵ
ɲأ
̨˵
ˮ֪ϵĿԲŮ˵Ļ֪
㴩ϣǿ˵òã
̨˵
ԣġҪҵʲô
ˮЦˡ
̨ԼܶණԼƺû͹ߵͷã
óһĸ׸ҵģ˵Ժҽһܺõˣ͸ɣ
ˮһЦˣ֪Ůûаѻ˵ȫӦ͸˵ġ


1461 սֲʵ
½ܶطϰ׵ģⶫĸ׸Ůֻ͸ˣŮ˵ĺܺ
ˮŮһԵŮܴ֣һͺͿģ˵ĵĳɷֺܴһ˿˵Ц⡣
ʲôҪҾջ
Ů˵žҪֺеջ
ǿɲУҲԼϣҴϰɣ
ˮ˵Űͷ΢΢ǰ죬΢¡
Ů˵ȻûˮߣҲ൱ˮҲ΢һͷˮ㣬ְϡ
ĶȴǺȣˮǸеһ˿ȻƽʱҪһ㡣
ֻĲӣʱĻرһʼֻҪ籧ĲһˮĶ䣬еرܰʱ΢΢̧ͷ
̨ƽĿá
ÿ𣡡
ˮЦ˵
һҲÿó󡣡
̨պ˵
ˮϲֿǱ仯һУ֮ǰ붼룬ȴǳΪʵջ

ʹУֻˮˣһδʹԪ˶ˣԪҲ֮һһζˣһ֮еĺ֣֡
ΪһιغһС£Ǳڣڵϣܴ󡣴оϴǸˣͷĲһϵˡ
Ԫĸ⣬иӣƺò׽͸˫ݿ¡
Լڴ㳡ϡ
½˿Χ˵
ûŭȻҲûϲƽҳһ˲ý
ﲻǵһׯ԰ϾԷѣѲܴ飬˵顣
½ǰʲôõİ취
ʱһ˵
սһģûк·ˣֻʤȻҶ֪˰ɡ
½˵Ļеأѹ˶е㴭
Ҷ֪սܵĺϾһʳףͻȻҪһеʱѹһĴ
½ǰ˵ôɣǶģϰš
һ˻ܲ˵
ҾͲˣԷһˣǸסһˣʣˣħסһˣˮסһˮһЩֶΣʵһЩԾҪסľһ㣬Ŀǰֻһ취
½ֱ˵
˳Ĭһᡣ
½ǰ֪취жĳɹʣ
һһֱû˵ʱʵ
ʵҲ˵ģסʱ䳤һ㣬ɹʿԴﵽһ롣
½仰˵úׯء
һ룬˵ʵѾܴˣһļжҲкܴļʧܵģһļʵɹѾܸˣһɵĳɹʣҲƴ
ͣһᣬһվһĳɹѾܸˣΪֻɵģϣҾȫ
ǰʱΪ˴ңҲΪ˼ˣֻһˡ
ԪһҲվ˵

ãһҪģҿԸĸߴңǳɹϣĺܴ󡣡
½ʱϹһ˿΢Ц
˵ĻȣΪ֪˺ֶΣӲ˵󻰣Ȼô˵ôкܴĳɹʣ˵һ룬ôӦöҪһɹʵġ
оϣܵʱ䣬ֻҪϹȥʼѵһ̣ʤ;ǲԶˡ
û⣬ȻﶼǾþɳϲڻ£ϤԷϤԼûʲô𣬱Ͼǧһദ
һЦ˵
ˮһֱû˵ֻ˵ʱʹҴкû˸Сܺħһһˡ
û˵ˮֻ˵ǵõ˻ƽսĴУһݾѾ˾ޱˣƽսսоһǰս
ʹԪ˶صͷϢˡ
ˮôһľ֯Ϲʵ£ǽô򰡡
½˿Ц˵ֱʱе㷢ࡣ
ѵҪôʧ
үӣ̫ģҲת
ˮЦЦսףʵҲܴﵽǧɣǲҲʲôˡ
Է£תܴ󣬵Ҳѡ
ˮԽеᣬϾͬսѿٵķֳʤϲ⣬Ǻ治롣

ڶ죬һŴĹ㳡ȥ½սĻˮ̫⣬֯ǰԼʽӦΪ˴ɣʵš
㳡ǶĹ㳡Ҳǻҹ㳡һ㲻⿪ţֻһЩ¼Ŷ⿪ţһ⿪ţΧȴɽ˺
ûв͸ǽ֪ģѾܶ˶֪֯ҪǰĻңЩ˵Ǻ£ΪûˣȻеλǡɥĲû˻һҲɣһټܻһЩظˣǿȥˣùĻ治֪˭ء
֯Ҫǰ˵ʵǿ
ֻˣһŻһ˾еĴ󻰡
ô˵Щĺǿˡ
ǺǿʵͶԷƺ˿һˣҪ֪½ʵǿġ
ˣǻ᲻ꣿ
⻹治˵

ھͻһᣬսûвУ֮սôս㷸棬ΪսĹûй
ѾͣˮħԼ˶˿Уˮֱóϡ
ǿˮֶζ۾һ
ս⣡
ٴΧһеʵսļԺвƣƬɵʵ
ˮ˻⻷˵սɰ룬̨ԼüȾ˶һɵĹ
½۾ɢһ⣺ˮǸ̫ˣһĺһս
ܵ˻⻷ӰҲ۾һһʱɣҲֲ̫ˡ
Ҽס˵Ļþһа취סǣϵʱԽǵʤԽ󡣡
½ٴǿ
ʱԶӰ̤նһǺԶ֮һСĹͳˮ֮
ˣÿһѩ׵뷢ܲϣˮ֪Ǹ֯ϹԸʵжϳ
ұߵǸʵڴսסҪһ㣬ο˽ɵʵʵ͸ӿֲˣ˵ʵǧ
Ҳˮ̣ǶԷΡֱöԷΪڵʵҲǧʵ½˵ʵǲܴ
һսԴеĴʤļʻǺܴġ


1462 һɱһŤתǬ
ˮ˶ˣֻˮҲˣӦòʲôҲ˵սɣ
֯ҲǺܸӣҲǾԼһһʼĶͲҲͲڸжһ˵ˣڸҪԼ
϶β¶˰ɣǴ飬Ȼͨ͵죬𣿡
½֯˵
ʮ㶼ûڿҾǷһû֪رȻ𱨡
֯濴˵Ļ˺ܾȡ
һΪ˱ᣬôӦøԸⲻȣ϶ǸͶģΪĴһֳ衣
½˺˵
һһҾͻ֪ʲôܽޡ
֯治ΪȻ˵
бǵ˰æʲô¡
½ʢ˵
뵥ҸΣ
ʱһվ˳Ц
һʵˡ
½ڵʵѾԽˣָǿġ
½˿˾þû˵
ôҲʲôս
˲мЦˡ
ã˵Ķԣҽͺȵɱ϶ս
½ǱһԱߵˮоǼġ
ϳɾϺ꣬ˮҲǼˣѾʼźõһ淢չˡ
½˺Ǹսм䣬ȻȺսһǷֺˣֻҪһжϲסԷ
½ǰɫطһ滨ǹ
ʼɣҪˣ
½Ŷ˵껺е
Σ
˵һŶȥ
һ޴ĵŶɱȥ
ǿߵʵ½˺սˣû£½˴ǧʵھǧٶ㣬ǧʵһ޴Ĳ࣬Ӳһ㲻غҪ˵ġ
˵ʵﵽǧ£Ѿ˺ܶˡ
飡
ν֣½˶ƺһ㡣
ʵҪǣҽ֪֮Ĳࡣ
滨ǹ
еĳǹ䴦ҫ۵ĹâһײԾ滨һֱ
ͨɱ
½ʱͻȻӭȥҲų貵ĹΣһӴѹ
ŭն
ˮʱ򲻶ɫʹ˻֮
ԣ
޴ıеˮ𶼱ˣȷʵˡ
ɱ
ԵɱڶԷʹ˱ɱʱɱģ½˱Էʵǿ󣬵ȻԷΪԼҲ½ǿʹͨɱʱ½ֻܶ㡣
ΧһӰȫˣԷþûзӦʵʹͨɱʱɱˣʲôҲû¡
ˮ˿һǸ֯治ΪǣҪԺܿܳ
϶ȻʵȻôգҲǲˡ
Ϊ׵˷ŭޱȡ
˵꣬ʣµֱ½˳ȥƺһӳˡ

֮
ŹǬת
ˮֱӽһʵֱӻλһѾ綾滨
ħͻü½ֱܰɱ֯棬ֱ֮ʵ̨Ҳǿ˶ˡ
½Ȼɱһʵǿˣˮȥһһʵ֮Ҳʣڶ㣬˲ס
ˮĶȻûдЧȴǽһ˷ɢˣҳޡˣһɱˣǾˡ
սûôѣҺս⻷½˿ԺͶԷǿʵսѾռϷ硣
ڳʵûЧʹ½ҲȶԷǿʵ߳ǧʵ
ʱһǿ˳˻ס

ˮһ꺮Ǹµַʵİǿֲޱȡ
һᣬһʤ
˲ϵ֪֣Ը߳ԷǧʵȻһʱʱò¶Է
Ǿ⣬оǶԷսԼͨɱ֮ǰһͨɱ½˵ˣˮ󾪣ֱ޹ȥ
˳ʲô⣬ôǸı䲻˽֡
ԷƺҲ˹ؼԾɱǵˣɱֻҪȥһܺһֵĻӮˡ
Ҳƣ̫ˣ֮ǰѾ½˵ĵһʼĻӦʤɣֻǲ֪ˮ˲ʲô취Ҳȸһġ
ѾɱۣˮԼһˣҪչˣھҲ֪ˮˡ
ͻȻˮóһ˺½սߣΪƺҪʹͨɱˡ
ķ
ˮл˲٣
׷٣ԸǿЧôĺá
ͻȻˣžʹھΡںޣȫˡ
ɱ
½ҲǸɱϵˣο˻
ǿ֮һˣڻʣ֯Ǹûʲôѹ
½ֱǸֻһʵ˳ȥ
ˮڳһᣬʱ䣬Ҹ㶨
½˵ʱѾǸ˹Χ
Ǹ˺˿ֻˣȻ㱻˸ˣûҲעҪˣ½˺ӺһĲӰ˹
ŭն
½˵һͨɱ
޴б棬Ȼһж£Ŀռƺˣֻղľһ˳˹ȥ
ʶ
ֻӣ⹥ٶӣֱ⹥ľֱӵȥҸԼ¡
̫ˣܲϻţֱӱ½˵ĹˣսĴˣǿսȻǲûɡ
أ
ʱˮҲȥˮȴԶֵˣħͻüϣ֯סΪħֱϻһЩˣŮװһ۾ûˡ
æ˹֮ǰǰħһԸ֯ȥˡ
ôˣ
ˮϵ̨ߣ˵ֱۡ
û£û°ɣ
̨˵
ڵ𣿡
ûУ
ķǿɲǺúӡ
ˮЦóǿĽҩϣۿ˿ϡ
ˮĽҩۿǺĶ
̨˵һԼиоĶЦ
Щˮҩʱ˵ģںˮͼսڲǡΡʱ
ˮȲҪɱҪһЩ
̨ˮ˵
Ҽǵá
ˮͷЦЦͼս޻֯滹ǿԵġ


1463 ʤ廢ڣݵĿֲ
սڽУȴûʲôѹˣ⼸ˮԷ˭֪Ҳ֪ԷˣһʵôǿǺݵˡ
˵ͷ깥ħĳ֯ǲǾЩˣ
ˮһսһ˵
оһǱ֪Ȼ﷭˴Ҳù
֯޺޵˵
㶼ͷˣ˵ʲôѵҲоǲǵĶ֣㲻Ǹ㱨𣿡
ˮƣˮ޵ļѾս
ЦΪ޵ˣ¶ʵʮ֮һٷ֮һô嫵ĵطʵֻܶǲԸǡ
Գһ㲻м˵
ԳһκܲģȻô⣬Լʱû뵽ĻᶼûС
ˮĻʵһֱҲһڲ֪ǰǸʵ̫ˡ
½ʵ̫ˣĶǲٷ֮һ࣬һ˾һֱͣЪ٣Ǻܶʵǲ棬ѵЩݵģݵҲûʲôֻʵӦúܳŶԡ
Ȼ£Ϊʲô˵أô˵㻷Ӷûġ
ˮ˵ĹͣˮֶΣֱ֯ƣмܡ
үӣҪɱʲôˣ
ˮѾʤ½˵
һһȻʱ䳤㣬˵ʵϾռϷ磬ֻҪѹŴˮþŹ˶Էӡ룬ܿ˵ĺˡ
˵ʲôˣҺΪʲôǱ֯ǿˣȴΪ֯棬˵Ӧ벻ǵġ
½Цʵ
ȻҲһЩ֣ʤջһ֮֯ͻʧʵͻ𣬴ӭһȫʢʱڡ
⣬⣬һȴڵĻᶼûˣ㲻ˣ㲻õҪϢġ
˼˵
˵ðɣԼ飬ҲˣһἦȮ
½ߵ˲˵˵ѾֵסЩ˵ʵˡ
ֺαؿأֻܸ㣬˶Ѿûвˡ
̾˵
֯ʵ˭֯빥ɱħʵ˭
½˱˵ߴѾöԷ˴
ҲûãҲֻһδԵ
Ե廢ںʲôϵ
֯ѾƷҲõһЩ򵥵Ϣˮ
㶼֪ˣ
˾ȣήҲ֯ʱˡ
ˣԵܵˡ
̾
廢ڵˣʦֵܣݵ廢ڵķ֧ʱ廢ڵһżȻħ𣬲˰Ľ֮飬Ͷҵȴ뷨Ծ͡
˵Ҳ˼廢ڼΪڣȴǻ޵ûʱ׷ŮˣһֻҪܵõǵС
Ŷħɱܶ˵Եɣ
ˮŵ˵Ȼ̨գɺĮڲ֪߻Ϊ֪˵ԭصʵ
Ǹ˳Ĭһ᣺ǽ֪һȰλְɣǵҲİ˰ɣ
廢ѵΪָ˵
ˮ˵
ȻҲ廢ڵˣǰ뿪ˣǼѾˣ廢Ǻݵɣݵرǿɿݾǿţһ
ˮû˵֪˻˵ȥġ
廢ڵʱʵûôǿ󣬺ݵ廢ʵûаݷ֧ʵǵʵķǸ֪Ҳ֪̫ˣرǺڲ˻϶뿪ݵġ
˵Ĳ죬սѾͣˮҲָʵ͵Ϯʲôġ
ݣǾصһݣҲһݣ˸ݼҲֻǱɽһǡ׺һɼݵĹ
δ֪ĵشܶ࣬ԶַҲǺܶ࣬ǿɡҡرָ࣬оǰƫԶ;һǲ֪С
ݲ֪Сݲ֪ݲ֪
廢ˮסˣ̨ȻҲסˣôͲ֪ˣԺǻ֪ģˮڵо̨ǲŹ廢ڵġ
廢ںǿ𣿡
ˮʳһ⡣
һӵвλߵɣ˵ǿǿȻҲǴҲֻкĴڣһǿĵط
˻˵
л֪ЩǲҪˡ
ˮ˵
˵սԼ
ˮ˻޵ϣ˻˵ģƬʱ䣬ˣûгʲôʹࡣ
֯棬ݵ廢־Ͳ֪ˡ
ʤˣսʤˣܻˣ˶Ǽޱȣٺһ֮ǰǲĽģôСʤˡ
һ͵ˣһ۾ᣬȴûие˿ʣǾϲ
ܿ֯սܵϢʹ˳ȥ֯ɥʤǵһЩ嶼˿
Ҫ֪֮󶼻һѪϴбĿԺܴرһЩĹ˷ޱȣΪֻһ·ڵʤȻֻܣܿԺСֻܺڵĻ빲վλԹվλҪȻ
Ҳ˿һǰ֯֯ˣŶˡ
ȻϢǲɢȥģϾҲһܶԪûбİ취˻ǻԸһԵģҪס֪ԽԽã֪ҲǶ׵ˣٲẦġ
ȥʢ磬ˣˮμӣʵڼܲס˵룬̨Ҳȥˡ
һھǴʱ䣬ˮ̨뿪ˣ̨ˣԴҲûʲôʵûˣҲû˻о֣ܶ˶ǸоΪˮ
ǲΪˮû֪ˮ̨նȷ
صħǴħˮ͵ķ䡣
ĸ첲ôˣ
ˮ˵ֱ󣬽
̨տеԵˣҲ֪ʲôоûоܾڲ鿴Լƣһô˳Ϊˮ֪廢ҲΪˮ
Դ̨շԼ˾޴ı仯ܶǰ˺ܶ࣬ǰ˲ֹʮꡣ
鿴ԼƵˣԼûзıԽԽͣڸо˾ýվĺָܽо
ˮлл㣡
̨˵
ôˣô˵ҲǺܺõѣ˵ллԶˡ
ˮ̧ͷ̨գı鿴һʲôƺʲôҲûп


1464 ʱ׾Թ϶
ˮĻůģ̨տٴһ˿Ц⣬޲ɷһ𺳵ī޷ݣ꼻һһ㡣ˮܿƵķеҲлȣûʲôжֻԽĸоֻ塣
ž
̨һ¡
ˮеεЦЦϾһŮĿǲòģҲûйϵ㵱ܵĽӴڻûйϵֻǺܺõѡ
űõţͷ͸Լһų̊ҲϴԼԼ֪ʲôоһ͸˶һĶģҲĸ׵ĸ
ҵûµĻǲǸɿˡ
̨΢΢پٱˮŵ
ˮɿûҪܶʱܺŮߵһǲ룬֪ûô򵥣ƣôʱŬѾ˾޴ĽչֽչǰҲġ
գʲô㣬廢ڵ顣
ˮڲ輸ϵĲ˱ͺȡ
̨ֻһ豭һҶõġ
廢ںݣӦúǿҲ˵ˣĴڣȥһ㣬ûκ˼ϣ֯ѾˣˣҵļϿӦҲĿ˰ɣ
̨˵ĺҲ΢΢һЩ
ܺãԺǿˣȥ廢ҲûϣҲ̤Ŀܣʱ򲻱
ˮ˵ʵ
˳ȻɣҲһ͸ħ֣õ˻ծˡ
̨˵仰ʱ˵ĸоϾѹ˺ܾˡ

µʱ䣬ħǳԵֱӲծҪ˳˶ûзŹûնݳϾ඼ں֮ڣʲôˣħڵʵǷˡ
һУ̨վ;ȥǱˣˮˣԼȥҪħ
ȥһģڻеҪ
ĸ׺½Ů˼棬Ȼ鶼ˣԼ˵˵һһ𣬻Ҳڷݵġ
ˮڰˣڷվȽţչʵֻʵǿˣﶼңڣ档
ʱ׾Թ϶֪ľ͵һرӡ
Ҫгˡ
֪ѾʮˣĴҲҪʼĵ̨ˣѾܴˣǰѾǼ޵ˣھݴ½Ĳ񻰡
ݴ½˵Ԫ磬ʮ궼ֵǰĶʮңҲߵ磬Сǿ󣬳Ŀ죬˻Ǹ˻ǴĺӣǳȽ磬һΪƣһΪλ
̨ձչغܾˣûгأһҶҲûκϢ۳̨诡̺ͳԼɷţݺ˳ʵر죬ţݵףȻϵģصľͲ֪ˣȻǾͱȽϵ͵ǶԷǲеġ
ǿʼˣ˲࣬ϻвûгɼңҲûж٣ӵĴ೤Ѿ˳
޻Լ¡½ܰǶڣһر֣бĴԼ֯Ҳǰ
ʮѾܳˣã΢࣬òӢǺͲ׺мƣҲǶŮˡ
ˮĸ첲رĿģ׺һߣһߣҲǰˣԸûô䣬ˮЩһֱڼ֮֡
ڤֻСһ꣬߱˿ͣڵˮҲʲôˣ޳еаа˸оܳ죬ôϲ˵رṴŮӡ
Ϊûٰ¸¥ѵҲûжŮʲôҪǶԷˮھܿһŮ˱Сרһ
ˮûֹʲôֻǸһѧḺһ𣬾ͲҪŪ顣
ڤڻǺˮĻףˮ˺ܶ飬ڤҲ֪ÿ׶ǺеӢۡ
˾ȫһԷдˡ
Щ˿ҵӵܣûе˵ǴоǸʣȻˮûŵڹעصŮǹɻ飬ҪȳˣˣʱǾ֪ԼҪʲôҲͶˡ
ҹ˹ԸԳĻˣ֮ãڶüˣСѾͷ֪ԼǼģˮҹ˹赱ĸ
Ȼˮҹ˹Ҳ缺İ࣬ѻڵ
棬ŮڶѧϰˣʵҲ˺ܶ࣬Ҫʶ΢΢仯
ǹʽս񴫳ΪҵĴУټֹŹָȶǱѧġ
λЩʵҲһأ벻ģΪʵϾͱˣû뵽õͻƣȻȲϻüսĲΣڷݾǶĴڡ
ǿ󣬰׵˦ˣǱŮҲй֮޲ҪӴޣо塣
һֻԶ֣ޡ
ʵ޿ɵһжԭǣɵĿľʵҲǺֲܿ
Ūˮڶе壬֪ɲԣҪðյģȻ˭ҪˣĺôдֵۣǹΪġ
⼸ʱ䣬ˮ˲ٵĶѴ˵ģ˲Ҫ˶١
Ĵòϣˮһѣ
߱ʵҶһãѱ޵ĳɹһѱҳһΪģ޵ǾԵģת
ˮѾǿˡ
ðǰ̭ܶģϾڵʵǰ˺ܶ࣬ǰ츳ʵ̫ߣﲻģʮֻ⣬ǲ̫ߵʵҲҪţģѱ޲Ҫ̫ľ
׺վˮ߿һ˫Ůرģˮ֣˵ҸаŮ˲ģ׺ھġ
֪ǵĺӶˣ£ǵǵʱ𡣡
ˮЦ˵
ʱһСƺôҲû뵽һ졣
׺Ҹп˵
ôˡ
ˮЦ˵
ҴڣҸо۹ܺð㻹СƺҾܿ㽫Ǹˡ
׺Ц
̫ˣôŮ˳ΪҵŮ˶оеãС£˵Ļ嵭·Ա
ˮЦЦŲ׺¡
ǿϲ
ǿ󣿡
ˮ
ﶼǿǿ󡣡
׺º˵ľСģˮѪڣÿһζôǿҵĳ


1465 ֪Ѿô
׺µĻˮѪڣǿҲԸİŮ˵Լǿر˵Ǹ档
һɹϲԼϲ˷ԼĳɹһɹûİһǿҲ롣
׺¿ˮɫһЦ⣬ˮ˵һЩ˵ǵ㻨ӣԵǿһŮʱ򼸸鼸仰Ϳߵ
̶̼ʱڱ˵ʲôˮ˵ȴǷͬѰ㵽ɾǺܳʱ䣬ˮڵʵٴǰһ󲽣һЩСͻƣСʹˮʵﵽһǧʵʱдЩʵ֪ˣԺһʴбҪдʱ򡣵Ȼսս⻷Щ
һˮ˵൱ڱ˰꣬ôʱЩʵҲѾ൱ˣҪʱˮСͻƣСȹ̡
ûдͻƣЩСͻСȹȴرҪˮھ˺ܶ࣬ջ񣬱ֻǼӴԼĸѡ

֯ѾʧˣʵǷչ˺ܶԴҴ塢ԼΪʲôȥʵԴ
ݴ½ľԴĵرҩݺͱЩҩݵطȻǱǿռߣԴͱ˵ĲԽԽ
ҲΪʲôӵǿԴĴᷢչԽԽ죬ľͽܶ˳˦ꡣ
ˮҲõ˲ٺöҩΪҾȻǾת𵤺𵤵ĲϣֻҪ˾ת𵤣ʵͻͽ
ˮŻỨѴʱϣֹߵ˶ǣѾεİǱܺ츳
Ҫ֪ˮһᾪ°͵ģʵˮûô棬ܰһͨһţķȺĿ츳йϵһ츳ԽԽ࣬츳ԽԽ࣬ʵԶ˵ٵġ
ݵıȹ󣬵ȻҲ޵ģϾ̫ˣһжǷٽݺͺݵλá
ȻһҲǱԾĵطи˵ҲرصĴڣ˵Ǻͺݡͨء
ʵҲܿ죬Ͼ֮ǰˮкöûù⼸ֱʵһµĸ߶ȣ֮ﵽһǧʵˮ࡭
Ȼû½ǿ󣬵ʵѾǿֲˣˮرķģοҵʵҲһ˷츲صı仯
ұֻһСׯĴңܴﵽĳɾͼ˵һˣұҵǿѾˣҲѣҪʱۻⱾõҩۻģˮҽǿնղˡ
ȻˮصչˣѾڲǰոͻƵʵûٰæóһЩĶȻҲô졣
ʵĶ⨺Ҳǿ˲֪ٱ²ʵǿ٣ˮԹ²ԼֵûʲôǽˣֻˣҸ
޺չ嫷ǰˣҲǸӵĺãʵǲ˵ˮ˵ʵڷһ
ˮ뿪֮һڼһΣмȥ˲ٴħҲȥţݣҲȥһֱûһҶϢǻʱȥסϼ죬ڴܿϤٻӰ
ôʱˮֵÿĵǣʯյٴһ磬ʵٴηһǷٶʲôĶûб仯
ˮһֱûеõٶӵıˮƣΪҪٶȣϣһҵϾ޵ʵرĸߣԱľӦòҪôߡ
ʯҲڴһ磬ŹԼŹĸʵֵ˵ŹصԭϵҲǼӿǺֲܿģرڴ־սʱ
оһˮĵǣս⻷󷨲ͻˮս⻷ͻƲеǰҪλһڲˣһֻҪʹãλԲӰ
Ȼʹս⻷ܰĻôֻܵʹˣϾ󷨵ս⻷ǿĶֻ࣬۷ֲ̫һʹ󷨣ˮԷϸŹ򣬹öԷ
ս⻷ǴսֻԼãⶫֻͨڴлԵܵõЩǲѧġ
Ҳһ޴Ľǳһܽս⡢ս⻷Լʯ;Źʩչ
ˮĶܶӣȴˮоûж٣ܾǰЩսѾ̭˺ܶ࣬е´ʺϵļˡ
ˮûж£Ѿ£֣ʵǿҲûиоôǿ󣬶ûоɽãûµʱҲѾûʹùˡ
ׯûô˵ֻ֪һķ֧ҲûʲôǿҴڣˮҲ͸ˡ
ұǸ壬һݵףˮվߴʱҲûҵκϢĿʼˮ֪ԼǶˡ
ôȥˣˮڵʵ˷츲صı仯ʲôһ˵ģӦú˵û˵ôԼˣô๷Ѫ顣
±ҪĶʮʱ뿪ˣң½ܰǺͼȻشˡ

ķչԽԽˣˮҲһɣĸˣȻ½ܰ⣬Բģѹôˡ
һҶҲˣֻڲ֪ǣȣˮͷԼ˲飬Ҽбľÿ˶йµģдСģʦװ˫ȣǶ顣
ɷҲˣһҵһ׽㣬Ҳã̫¶
ҹ˹衢̡䡢ƶˡ࡭
˵ڵǸһˣˮ̨հƽƺûôףһչؾǺܳʱ䣬Ҳ֪ڳûС
ݴ½ıչزֻǽ붨״̬оǿƱչأ粻ﵽǸʵأκӴԼһֱƽ״̬
ˮֱ̨֪չأϣһεħܳؾͺˣ֪һαչػ᲻Ӱ쵽Լ֮Ĺϵ뵽ﶼе㲻
ڵħѾϤͺԼļһԼ¥ˮصħȥϹкĵ̨֪ǰѾˡ
ˮֱӴǱϹ̨յ¥ȥûмˣһ̨ձչزʱ䣬ˮ޲Ͼͼ


1466 ̨ճأÿ
һ̨յׯ԰Ϳ̨վͤУˮʱҲ޵ڿˮ¶һ˿͵ɫ
ˮ¶ĵЦݣĵˣ֮ǰŮ˾չٴαĮأڷαչزûٱĮƺ뿪˺ܶһ
ˮߵͤпŵ¿ɫϸѩɢ˵ɡ
ϲˡ
ˮЦŴȤ
ʲôùϲģ֪Ѿˣ㻹ðɣ
̨տˮ˵
ȻĮ͵ĸоѾˡ
ôʵˡ
ˮЦ˵
У֮һʵá
̨ɵ˵
ˮҲ̨ܸܵյʵһǧʵһαչҲܶ࣬ؿڣԶַʵҪչȹ̣һȹ̲øȣһʵҲһ޴Ľ
ڸһ֣ﲻɫãҲرĶ࣬ճأȥ￴Σ
ˮ˵
̨һ㶣Ůӣ֪ʲôʱʼûˣҲûָоˮ˵һ㶡
ˮȻı飬ḻ֪ӦģҪһʱ䡣
ãҲþûɹˣҲþôˡ
̨˵
գ㷢𣿡
ˮЦˣŮڱ˺ܶࡣ
ˣˣ
̨Ȼ֪ˮ˵ʲô˳
˵ǰˣҲȻˣҲûôˡ
ˮЦſ
𣿡
̨Ҳôȷֻܸо΢ıһ㡣
УˣˣߣҴȥ
˵Ҳ̨ͬͬ⣬ֱ˫ס˫֣ʩչС
˲ͳǴֵɽȣҾҲʮԶ
ˮ֮ǰץסŮеʱܻʱ棬ʱʱˣʱʱȴܴʵڲġ
ڣǴǲϣԼе飬ףԼƿ֡
Ƭɽûһ˿磬еζ㣬ȴ㣬֮ͷһ·ݣĲݵرǰĲƺ˲֪ٱȻȻģ˹Ļá
һֻɫסԶԶȥһƬһ㣬ɢŨ㣬ľǺܸһҲʮңԶһ꣬мܴĿ϶˸оһ
ˮҲ֪ǹģˣ̨ȥ
̨տˮƺ˵ʲôû˵ߵԼͻȻоһҲûио̫Ĳʡ
ߵ˻ɱˣԥľܾ˭ˮɷ˵ɱ˶Է
գôﲻɣ
ˮߵУ˺ϱסľĵ˵
ţܺá
ˮ۽ɨɨŮ˵֣һ˿Цݡ
̨ÿ֪ôˮЦݺܿģԼ־͵ָ֣о˵
ˮ֣֮䷢飬Ѿ֪ԼʲôһҪίһˣһˣʧˣʧˡ
رų˶һ׽̫ܵô˺οԸˣѾǸˡ
ǲǸоҲ֪ǽģôˡ
̨Ҫ΢΢ҡҡŵ֡
ˮһ㶣ŤͷŵЦıˣƵ˵Ͳܲ˵͵һ¡
ˮ֮ǰҪŮ˵Ļȣ˵ʶԼС˼
ҿСӣ㲻Ť𡣡
ٺ٣ԭҰãȥתת
ˮƤ˵Ȼ΢΢һ㣬յĽģʧһ㡣
̨ˮǺƤĻֱӳĬЩһֵĸоеӿ졣
ĸо
뵽⣬̨յϳһΣǳȴ޹꣬ˮһߴĿе㷢ŮˣԽԽ졣
̨ƺܵǳȵĿ⣬ˮźܴ䣬һĶˮ·һˮңŮ˾ԲǿǴΣӰ
ÿ
ˮڨڨЦ
ŮƲͷûдӦĻķ۵Ķ˷ۺɫӨ͸ɢȻ
ŮˮһϥǸߵĻУһƬԺܴһƬԲ¼ĶɫĻ˵Ư
վ򻨴е̨һ˿䣬һޣ޳飬ͦε״Բ̵ͦιǣ΢ɵ·ס˵ˡ
ÿ𣿡
Ů˿ˮеʧʵ
ÿ
ˮ϶˵
˵ÿ𣿡
ã
ˮ˵
ʲôã
̨׷ʵ
̫ˣһĿÿ˺ÿķ羰Ŀͻãþͻ죬ή߻ħķգëᣬЦһЦʮĿȻˣͻЦԻޡ
̨տˮû뵽ˮſ˵ô࣬һÿȻ߻ħפաȥֱˮסЩе㣬Բ˵ôš
ô𣿡
ˮЦʵ
š
ĻˮЦˣҲû֮ǰĻ⣬˵һЩɵĻ⣬ˮ˵̨
ʱ䲻֪Ĺ˴ˣڿѾϦ£ϦΧһȾɺɫιһֱʩչлصħ
ˮҪȴǱ̨սסˣԥòŻ˵һԸɣ
֮ǰˮ̨ܼԥˮ˺ܶ࣬ΪŮҪ˵ʲôأŮ˵ĻҲŮ˵ֻˡ
ʵѾﵽһޣŮ˵һȻǴӦȻͺˣŮ˵ҪԼˮҲֹȥ֡
󣬵ԲСˮвٵĲ˻֮࣬ŮڳûָĸоŸǿӾ
Ůĺ˵ǱչصʱϰģһβûмˮϣҲ֪ǲǴζر㡣
ǸӰɣ
ˮ˵
̨ΪɲһΣ˵ǣһӡ
һٷԵĺܿģҪ飬ˮرĺãһͻƺͽչչسһμľϲȻرĿġ
ڵˮ˵̨վһһڱлûʲô仯Ǳ޵ħ
һٷ˲ʱɫѾȫˡ
ˮ첻ˡ
ҿ𣬰㿴
ԡ
̨ղûΪˮĻ
Ժɲż䷹ԣ
ˮЦ˵


1467 ϲ
ص㣬ҲڣǰˮôҲҿЦġ
̨ȻҲܿĳ˺ܻôߣ˲ֻܾ̾ܵͷԣֻż
ЦżĻǳ˹ˡ
ˮĵЦˣȻһһηԲ
ĿŮ˺Ҳû˵ʲô֪ˮǿЦĳɷ־Ӷ࣬Ȼᵱ档

ˮصԼׯ԰̨ʵţҲʧȥ¥ѣܽվڴڵĻԿ˴ˡ
ˮоһεջܴʵŮ˰ʱ֪˼Ů˻иѡ񣬾ǹһ
ˮŬĿˣ˵Ļֻ޸ԼҪľˡ
ܼ򵥣д󵱻Ů󵱼ޣοģ¶Ҫ·̨չؼǲһˡ
ֹ˰죬˵ƺһЩǱƺҲڻˮɫ֪ˡ
治֪Ů˼һҲ²֪Ůû
ɾʼ˺ˣѾô̫ˣǰܶѹϾһɽһ
ϵİȥ˺ܶܶ࣬һӸо˶ôһ˲ˮоԼʵ;綼־
Ƿسɷˮھĸоеİɣһþõͷںϡһ˵ľ綼ˡ
һ˺ʱҲСͻȻǮ˾ʹˣ֮ǰôˣʵʱ㲻ڼһЩܼǮˣͲôƽˣˣⲻ˷ѣһָоѸߵĵطѵ͵ĵط
ҲѹѹǶѹʧʱһ˵õһֽѹΪ˴ůԱܶ϶û¶ٵӣͻȻʳˣͻᰲˣһˡ
֣һûķܶͷһˡˣ׳־ҲûˣʱϾͺͻˣӢڣһǷ׳־ûˡ
һ־ǿѵߵ̨ףǰˣгһճΪ˰̣ʱû㣬Ȼ򵥵ҲһӲԺȣʱǧ̡̡һ
һ˵֪㳣֣˵ǲ˼ȡڶ˵ж־ϳң˵ǲ֪㣬ʧڽǮУʹǮÿ춼ôѹۣʲôȤԡ
ˮԼͻȻоеʧһֻǵڶ֣Ϊˣĺܶ࣬ܶɱ磬Ǿݴ½Ҳǣسؾ磬ʧˣɢںܶиоֵһ˵֪㣬ºˣʲôҲûˡ
ֻǱ˵Ǹ˻ţô룬ʧȥ˴˶ڣоԼʱ֪ϧһΣһȥͻˡ
ҲһЩ˾ٻɻѡȥͻؾ硣
ˮھһѡ֮ǰ̨˵пܾʹס֣ȥʲô廢ˣϾǺݡ
Ļˮڻûʲô̫ҪˣҪ֪㳣ֻǲ֪أ
ˮɾţڲ֪㣬Ҳ᲻˼ȡ˵򵥣κ˶ô룬ʵûô򵥣̬ղôġ
ˮڴڲϽ״̬Ҳǲ֪֣ھҪպãҪʧʵաǵ͵
ԣˮ⼸֣뵽ǰһЩҵ˼룬һ˵ľһ磬Ҫƽ磬˵Ҳѣ˵Ҳ򵥣ȻҲͲôסջ౯
ϲ
ˮʱ⣬ƽҪԼҸĿ꣬¾ͻʧ
ĿڻеģҪ̨յʵҪΪԼŮˣԼʵҪԼŮˣҪҵһҶ裬ɽںѧǿ
ˮ˵ΣʶȽǿһ廢ʵٴγݺͷԼţݵĻ׻ֱ磬ʵ£Ϊ˸õ
ݣˮҲĵطҲԼҲȥ￴ڽһʱ䣬ܳһʱ뿪

ˮʼ׼ʱǲģа˼ҩ޵Ĵڣټɾ֮ĵرˮǽһЩ֮ȪһЩʯˮںˮнࡣ
ڵҩǿˣһҲǿˮ̬Ȼʼ׼һ˵ĺܶࡣ
Щҩݰղһ˿׼ãſʼƣʵˮҩϸӵĵӦ֡
ž
ʧˣ
ˮŽ¯һƬĩҡҡͷȻʼƣһƾʱ䣬ÿʧܶǺƵģôʱȫעֱӰ׷ˡ
ž
ٴʧܣһζˣʧˣһˮûиоƣϢһ¼ˣҩһ㶼߾죬Ѿܽӽɹˡ

˼ʧܵʱرö
ɹˣɹˣˮȻеС֪ǿ֮Ĳ𣬵ԱͶ֮ĲҪ
ֱӴ򿪽¯ֱͨӿȥ

ЧȵʣıʵʵԵżӹЧ
ÿÿֻʹһţһֻʹʮţһͻ
ʹʵԼʵߡ
ЧûгˮϡЧ̸ˮжôĿģȻҲ֮Чûˮ̫ϲ
ˮһǲģıҩˮԺܿٴһٶʮıʵһٶʮıʵ൱ǿģʮҪͼµʱ㡣
ˮȫĵͶ뵽ҩС
ˮֱӳĿţıҩڣֱӿԶıʮһٶʮıʵʵ
ʮıʵڱ˵ʲôˮ˵һݳ޵顣
һֻһţмһҲ֪ô˳һţ֮Ҳûгֹˡ
ˮҩƺһѾӾˣˮ֪ΪʲôҲܲµһЩҪһЩʲôͲ֪ˡ
ڶֱӸ̨ռţˮҲûмţϾһҪʱ䣬ʼʧ˼Ρ
ڻüڸѾûˣǰ˿Ҳʮ죬мϢϢʧ˼ΣԸոչ˷á
⼸Żûʲô̫ЧٹʱӲ٣ʱʵͿٽһ


1468 ˮʵ޵ͨɱ
һºˮʳˣһٶʮıʵˮıʵﵽǧһཫǧʵһٶʮıʵʵ˲İ
һıҩĹЧİİҲˮ˵Ǻܶ࣬ԵֵϰޣĻ
ˮһЩսʲôĶûб仯ͨûʲô仯һ׾ˮﵽһֲĲΡ
ϴ廢ڵЩ˲ͨɱĻˮҲȫԷĹ
ˮоʵһ̫ˣ̨յʵչˮоҲǶôˣͱѾˡ
ΣʵҪۣҪʱˣˮɾôʵ̨վкöһǺǿĶֹһ
͵ΪյġʯԭʵѾһǸ⣬ʵ
ˮҲǿֱֻǿ޲μսˣսޣһʵȷʵֲܿսҲǿܿس˲õ棬ѹơڱ޺ʵµѹơ
Ծѷɫ˲٣Ȼǿϵģ츳ѪҲǺǿ󣬵ҪʱܳɾǺͽԼ˵ʵ˲٣Ͼǿϵġ
ͷȴǸȻ͵ˣǧʵ֮ڵûе֣յЩͬҲһ
յﾳͻƺˮսʱͲֻһսˣһˬ󷨣һЩ츳üֻ޵ҲǴ
رһ׾⻷һЩλÿӹһЩ޵Ĺǿ֣ȫġ
޵ʵ˺ܶ࣬ˮĵǣ͵Լޡͷ뻹޶ͨɱͷˮһֱûע⣬ˮһ췢һɱ֮⣬Ŀޣֶ֪ʲôʱһͨɱͷ
޵ͨɱѸӰ
ѸӰٶٴһƷһаٷ֮ļĿ޷ֻܷġ
ˮֻоСʵ̫ˣٶٴһϬ˺ѵٴһֲǱͨɱˮһͨɱһࡣ
ͨɱҲһͨɱӡ
ӡսǿӶɣļɣս֮ıҪ׼ʱɣսĳɹɣɹʱɣģ
ˮЦˣսڽ˵̫ʵˣһսޣһȫսޣսĿɵٶȣշħĿһʵ̤˹һĿ괦ѣ״̬
ӡˣӶɵĳɹʵȻгʱʲôģǺǿˣֱֲ̫ˣǽշħͽսҲܴЧĻˮ廢ڵǸεսһ
˵ͨɱǱģ״̬ģҪɱɱ
ɱһɱһӵʱ䣬ھɱ״̬£ʮÿֻʹһΡ
ǵˣҲǺֲܿһӵʱ䲻ˣǿĵһֲˡ
޵ͨɱҲǱģ׷
׷һһǿġ
ˮˣһаʵٶȵȣ׻ٶǿȣ׻ȣЩսûģ϶һ
ҲˮֲֻһͨɱǱġ
ͷˮɻ󣬾ȻһӳͨɱһǱͨɱ
ԭĻһ˿ġ
ͷҪ˿Ҳǿ󣬵ҪǿͨɱǺǿģҪ֪ͷ˿ͺǿˡ
ڶǼ硣
磺ʹúһٶȣʱһӣÿʹһΡ
ܵ˵ˮ⣬ͷͨɱҲһȻ˺ͽҲ磬ܵ˵ˡ
ˮһֱԼΪʲôûͨɱأˣȴǺʹ˵еĲһǧͻһͨɱ
̨ղ֪ԭǧʵһͨɱҲʷϼǿ޺࣬Ҫ򣬲ǵǸʵͻһͨɱ֡
ͨɱһ㶼ʺԼģ޻ࡣ
ǰˮʱ棬Ҳ֪ʲôʱʼ޻ɲ̫óˣڿ˵ˮҲѷɫ̫ˣȻˮŻƽսʲôս񴫳Լˮе࣬ˮԺͳһһʵսرڡ
Σĸ£ֻҲܴﵽһֲĳ̶ȣرǵˣھɱ״ֱ̬ӱƽɱ
ϴǼ廢ڵˣϴսĻһɺܶࡣ

ʲôҪڳ֣
ˮ̨ջԼˡ
ţǵģѾˡ
̨տˮ˵
ˮ˵Լ˵飬ӦǺԼôɡ
ˮһֱоŻнӴֻû뵽ô죬ϴ뿪ʱԶַûиֵǣںݷȻҪڶˡ
ħʱǸˣѾźתˣѾкܶ˶Ϊħаˡ
ںħϳһĻ֮أ븲ڣһɫŮˣĪڱŵĺ󹬣
ˮоԼ뷨аˡ
ںħͬˣӦðǣ˵ء
ˮЦ˵
ǲǵǸأ˵üˡ
̨ƺеζ˵Ͽ̫Ե仯ֻܴӻо
չصʱ軹ҹΣˮоӦǻüģ˵ˮرĿģЦ˵ϲҺѣҸ
Ҳ顣
̨е㲻˼Ʋͷ˵ʱŸоԼ֮ǰǻеŮˡ
ˮҪ˵ʲôģ̨ȴֱ˵סȥڡ
ãյġˮЦ˵
̨ˣûгƺԼգڳաǵôߣ´ٱʲô
գŶڶѵ˼ǳ𣿡
ˮʵŵ˽⻹Ǻٵġ
Ȼҳֹǲǡ
𣿡
ΪʲôҪ£ûӦǶ͹˶Էʵˡ
̨˵


1469 ս飬ҪҪվ
ˮȻţҸоŮһ仰˵ľȷԼ˲֪ŵʵûаѶԷôĿֲӦǵ͹˶ԷʵԷ͹Լһ˵ʵҲһģԼһ˿԰Լһʵһֲĳ̶ȣοһЩɱﵡ
ţӦǣոоԷʵӦôﵽǿ
ˮЦʵ
̨ѾϰˮյĽǲϰҲûа취

ħڲǺԶҲǿķͲʲôˣڶˮ̨ջлüսսڳˡ
ֻţҰҲˡ
ˮ̨ˮ棬üսȻǳԶŻϡ
ҰҲˣ
ˮɻĿ̨ա
Ҳˡ
̨տˮ
ȻˣӦˣҰӦҲһħеʵɣݵжħУ
ˮܺ档
̫ˣ˭Ҳûȷе֣ӦòλȻõս񴫳УӦҲ֪һЩɡ
ǰΪսǸʱͲλ࣬ʧһЩľԲ١
ˮ뵽Щ͸оǰĺţеһע÷ܶһ˱˷ܶһȲĶ
ҰǹħĴУĴʵʵ˶λаһԭ򣬾Ƕħеš
̨տˮ˵ˮȵĴ𰸡
ǻǳϣһ͵ǴСǡ
ˮЦЦ˵
ʱɣҲô򵥵ģħҲǺֲܿģû˸ǡ
̨˵ɡ
ˮ˿ڵʱ򣬻ˮһ¡
һɽϣһɽԶԶȥĿϾһɽĸоһָо
ɽˮɼֲïܣдУɽһǿʱĴһɣ鰲ˮԼɽȻصȴȻ
ˮϵ軹ǲģһȻһ˶ĳ嶯
û򶷵ҲûпźҰȵˣܿǰŮˣоϴˮķ̴Ůˡ
ħˣŮ˺ܿĵӭЦ˵ˡ
ôûпźҰȵأ
üЦŶԷ˵
֮⣬ѾӪˣֹ۰ٵڵϹǰ˾ͻᶯ֡
Ů˵ĵ˵
ҿ֪ҲԼĵ̵ģҲǵġ
üɵ˵
һһɽţڴûɽĹΧŲٵɽ壬һЩ˾סġ
̨պͻüǿȥڵģûȥ
ˮǺɣսһЩս죬ваʱˮҲʲôӣǺɵĸ㶨
ˮħԵõģѾҽĸϹǰɷ˵ľͰѸλøˮ
ҽߵԵرãҽڵͼȦԵҽǿڸ߼ȦԵˮҽ߻ħʮ֧֮һħͷϺħĹϵеħܶ˶ʲôǶ˵ʲô
̨ղħǺܺõģܶ˶ǰŮһĴڣ涼ΪŮˣΪŮħ֧
ϵܣˣѰѹء
սͻȻ뵽е㼤˵
սѪѾˮˣˣӦɼˣȻսô˵
ðֵǲɣ
ˮЦ˵
սսԱֱӲһɾ޴ɱһѼ⵶ûб䣬ȴǼˮķλ󷨻һЩϻ֮ǰǿ˺ܶˣ֮࣬󷨵
ʱ̨պͻü˹üüЦ˵ʲǫ̂һ㶼Ҳż˵˵һ㶼ġ
ŵµս飬ǿɣ
üսֱӵݸˮ
ˮҲûпֱӿһݸս
˵ĺܼ򵥣֪ħҲ˽һαȶ峡ǰĳΪ˱ȶһΪȺս볬ʮˣͬͽܣͬĻǾֻýˡ
̨պͻüǰΪ˺ˮ֮ǰ̨ջų̈պͻüһҪˮپ


1470 һսħ
ս֮󣬷ս鼸㿴ҿ㣬̨ա
̨տˮս˵ѵûʲôҪʵ𣿡
ˮ룺ô˵ǵǰæģ뻹ɣ
æģǰѾȨǣǱʱܳˣֻһܱ֤Ӯһʣµһû̫İա
峡ĳ˵ģܱ֤һʤʤ㻹Ǻܴģֻǲ֪ʤʲôӰ졣
ˮЦЦʵ
ʤһսܵĴӦһرֵȻͽԷ
̨տˮ˵
ӣΪʲôӣֻҪսʤһôͿӮ
ˮ˵ֻսʤ˵㡣
ˮܴ⣬˵һȺսĳźҰȶ˾ǳ֡
̨е㵣ĵ˵
ֻҪӮһӦûʲôģʱҪһӮ˵ֱ䣬Ⱥսһʤ
ˮ˵ȺսǺĵġ
ˮȻģȺսĻԷŵģԳʮ˵ĻгܶޣҾԶǿޡ
ˮһ뵽Լеľ壬н͵˵ѹƣˮǺܵģ̾ɡ
̨ͷã㣬ҪСģһ˻Ҳǵĸ֣ô
ʱ֮ˣһǸ̴ţرеһ½Ҳѷɫʲôһȣƽ׽˸˸о˿ƣˮ֪žǸʤš
֮ǸڵһʲôҲˣһ̫ϴϵĳƺ
һڵĴϣڵĺܶ鶼ġ
Ȼ˵ˣǾͻظźҰȣսڵʱôĻʱӰɡ
ʱһﴦλźҰȵˣԷĲǧˣħڴǧˡ
ˮʶǿ޷ֶԷ֮ǿϢڵǸ˿΢ǿһ㡣
ЩŴеŵĵ̻Ǻܷḻģսħվͬһˮƽϵģÿһսħ۰һǵĴоǲȫȥҲ̫
˫ǧ׵ľ룬ȴտޱȣĿԷǽ̸ҲǺܼ򵥣ħһǱֱ߳һˡ
˳ĻԳ޳ͦΣϵҰ֮رǿңһ˫۾һҰ޵ȴǺܺÿһ
ŵˣһҴźҰȸ̸һ£ȻǴӦˣҾֱ˵ذɡ
΢Цſˮһ˵
ã˵ɣ
ˮü˳ħڡ
Ҹĳħ߻иģˮֻվ˳
˵ˣëܴħ𣿡
˿ˮһȣűЦ
ûôע⣬֪ëûг룬ҵ˼һ£㳤˾ˡ
ˮЦ
ˮǸҽߣҲûдﵽܿԷûгëֻͨܿ͸ӵ㣬ȻˮͿԿˡ
ˮ֪ǲᵱѿӵġ
ֱ̨ӵʲôҲûüȴζĿˮˮûŤͷûа취ϲ˳ѿֻ֮ܰѶԷѹȥ
̸϶ôҲǶôܣмЦЦȻܴãҾ˵һ£ͬʱˣ˭Ļһ־˭䣬ʤ㿴Ρ
ԣǺãһһʱ򣬳˱վָλӡ
˵˹ͻȥ£˳ħ
ˮȥ£֮ǰѾȷ˭ϳҪ˳ŪãҲеĸо
һսҪǲ䣬һӮˣöԷӵСģһ˻ӰʿģǴʧȻһ㣬öԷԴ⣬Ҳбס
ϣ֣Ӯν㲻ˡ
ˮ˵
Ȼɻ󣬵ǵͷΪˮŬȡʤģȴû뵽
ˮͶԷȻһʱӰضλãͬʱ
ˮĳֵʱһֱǣһսˣԷ޵ϢˮеľҪҰȵˡ
˵Ӱ·ƺǹһ˫ԼкźԶˮܸܵΣյϢ
һǿʼˣûвУԸ
룡
룡
Ұ˵ͳɳƣԶԶˮ˲û죬ǴӺġ
ŵһɫĳֻǰȭͷСԲһ״
һؾ
ӰһеĳһƬӰŶѹȥ
ߴ
һ̶·Ҫ͸ĤһжһѾ޴ɫ
ԡ
һľ޴ıһƬƬСлҳָֻ֣ܿٶȻսľ磬ŶԷѹŴ
ؾ
ŵеĽɫڻӶʱڿγһɽһĽɫӣȻƲɵ㵹¡
С
ʴգ
еһֱ޴Ĺɽ򣬾޴Ѫһţֱӽǽɫľްһ¡
䣡
ſٴγƺҪɱˣ뵽ˮĻε˵
ֻͣսԸģǲڶֵģϾս
Ż̾ʧ˵ܣһ
ŲһỹҪų
ˮЦŰοˡ
ãһõӵʱһƴȫǶҲԸ
̹̹˵
ӮһźҰﴫħǳĬˮ΢Цţ̨Ҳûʲô仯
ҪҪ׼£ǿʼڶ
ŵǸ
ʼɣ
ˮЦ˵
˼ְɣӮһ
ˮ˵ⳡ˾Ҫˡ
ģӮ
ŵ˵
ˮ֪ôţʵǳֲѵʵսпµͨɱ
ͨɱǱģҲˮףȻһֱӼķϿ
˫ʱͬʱﵽָλϡ
һζԷһߴŵˣһһֻ޴ʨӵˣңһºϢѹֵĸо
ħˣ
̴ȵ˵
ˮһֱоŮ˲򵥣ֻпǿ󣬵ɫͷβûб֪ʲô̻ǿ


1471 ħ֮
ħˣ
ˮɻʵоŮҪ˵˵ǿ
ŮȻ֪ˮ˵һЩЦ˵ħħ󹦣Ƥڣñİ취Ĺ̫ˣһ˸мܲס
һսܲˮЦʵ
ǿ
Ů˲ûн˵
ˮû˵ʲôΪѾʼսˣħһԾ޴ɫӣħģر׾ֻħϲ˿׾·Ϊһ
һʼսħֱڵһųȥеһ˫ڿлһγһֻ޴ӡš
ڵҲûб䣬еһתһԲȦɫĹ⻷һħ˴ӡ
һȦ֮ûֹͣٴδһȦ
һԪǣ
ˮŵĹȻǷ̫ľ裬ǰܴ̫ĹȻҲУֻˮڻûз̫Ͼܸߵˡ
̫⾳ϵѾǿˣȻûˮľߣˮ̫ϵѾܿ£̫ˡ
̫߳˷֧ˮо԰һˣ߲·
ǿӡһȦڵڶǱһᣬŵȴһ⣬ֱӽӡ顣
һԪ壡
Ľȴһֻɫħ˳ȥ
ָݷڵضδ֮״ơ
ǰУˮΪסڶĺСһˮкĹϵֻб֤ڵȪˮݽߡΪ޷УûгǣǴԵ֮˵
ˮһЩҲɱһЩŴȥе񣬶ͷûǣǴ½
ҲкǿĴڣҲѷɫֻǺ٣ġ

аѹ
أ
ŵĽɫȷ·һ޴һַ̫սרħߡ
䡭
ϵı𣬸߶ȿħ˲ϵĺˣħ˵ʵŵʵǱǹĽڽڰˡ
ħ˺ܷŭ֮ǰҰѾʤһˣԼˣŻ޹ģĴһг˼ֻޡ
ħ
ֻħÿһֻСɽͷСֲܿóϵ
ҲţͻȻɣóȻɣֻ޴ĺħ󲻰궯
ħ
ͻȻеȷһǼһºħɪɪʱųˣĿħˡ
л۾޴һķλɱȥ
ɱ
һͨɱ
ħɫ䣬αˣѾˣͨɱģǳֲٶȻóλ˲ƵĹޱȶġ
䡭
ħں˵ʱֻħֵǰʹֻħˣϾ⼸ֻ޵ʵβ٣ֻбɱķݣҲʣµֱӽħ˺İʣһ
һսȻʤˣˮ֮ǰĲ²Ҳȷˣŵʵսǿ󣬶ͨɱҲţƣͨɱֲø˵Ļ
ħܾܲȻǸ⣬̫أһŵɫѿ֮ǰȻˣȴû£ħ˾ǱסĻҲǷˡ
֮ǰ˵ٴγ֣ڿʼ𣿡
ֻҪóˣϾͿԿʼ
ˮЦ˵Ѿ滮ķչ
չ涨ǰĳǲһ˳εġ
һˮˣսֱ䡣
ʱٴ˳ضλϡ
һγҰȵˣͬһֲߡ
䣡
һʼսɴֱӵ˻
ºˣʤҰȵ˴Ӯģ˵ħֱ䣬ųһΣˣһֱһ֣ħҲǳǿĴڡ
սֱźܶһ㶣һЩѾɵĺ˼ΪʲôҰȵ˵һ仹˵Ĺȥڶֱ䡭
ܶ˶ˣоҰȺħǲʲô˵ĹѵΪŵʵ
ҲɺϣȻۣΪ¾ֳʲô졣
ĳҪʼ𣿡
˵ٴ𣬲ǰôˡ
ʼ
ˮЦ˵
˵˳еʱ򣬶һ㶣ΪˮֶԷսľǸһֱ˵ˣǸ˵ӡ
ԷȵӦˮˮħѾǺǳԾˣھȻսҪ֪ѾʤˣʤһΣһȺսֱӲñˣȻˮʱսǾаٷְٰӮ
ôӮܸӣҪ֪òǷʳһĹӣǵҲӣǰᣬǿԿ϶ġ
ǿʼɣ
ˮЦſŶˡ
ã
˻һ
ħĴߡ
ˮﲻҴ⣬óƽսꪣһսеĴˡ
ֲҳսȻõ˻ƽսĴУã̫ˣǾͷָ¡
˿ˮó˻ƽսꪷ־߰
˵Ʒ֪ǧ٣һһõĶֲֻţܿģǵжԵҲϧĸо
ҲõħĴУǸϲġ
ˮЦſģˡ
ˣ᲻᲻ǿǿǿҾᣬȻᣬǿҲֻǽ֮ˡ
ˮĻ仰ʵڻػˮ֮ǰѾα˳ԹĮҲ᲻ˬлǲġ
һͻôƽϣҲħϢʼɡ
ˮм˵Ȼֱ˼
ս⣡
Ŷɱ˹ȥ
ʽ
˱ˮĻǸƣˮֱһҲˮȥһѤĽӰˮնȥ
Ź
Ź
ˮ˵Ĺƽսһɱȥ
һûκεĻڣֻпͺݣ𻨣һ
û˿ţ¾ȸһһˮɱ;һͬʱ
ʵڵģӰѽ뼫ͬڰһ˽
ɽ
ˮһɽ˲ǰˮӰ͵һˣоŹˮڵٶȺ;磬㿪Ǻ׵ġ
ԣ
ɽֱӱ˿ź˵ˮϳ˹ЦݣЦݣˮһͻʱһֻֻȭͷСĺӰˮȥٶȿĲ˼顣


1472 ڽǿ
Ȼٶȿ죬ˮǿˣһֻޣһֻֻ࣬īɢϬĽˮʹҲҴ⡣
ޣ
ˮ˲г޵ǰΪ˱գԼĻƽսꪵסô˷ѵһԶֵһһĻᡣ

һһ쳹СӰɶأ޵ӰҲһ٣ٶȾ޵Ŀ·Ȼͬ죬ԷֻСҲǿֲޱȡ
ڽ
ֻСҲһֻ࣬ϡȱޱȣһڽһӲޱȣҲϬޱȣޣ޻ֱӾʹ͸ˣݿҧߵҧһ
ˮû뵽Ȼ޻ǿйԽϵޣܿϧܴһ㶼Ȳ޻߿йԽϣСɵࡣ
ܵסڽĹȻҲܾȣϾںڽŵģоԷܵסڽľǻƽսꪣڽٶ̫ˣ뵲ס̸ס
⣬Ȼޡ
˵һӣΧ½½ĳʮֻޣڽֶֻ⼸ֻǴҰޣֻǳݼޡ
ݼٶȣзûʲôδ󣬵ٶȺܿֳݼûйȴǻ˳ǿķҲǹƽġ
ֱӺһĹķһһЩǿսǲģҲǺȱٵĴڣˮһֻֻһֱûڿرϲ
ŹȻͬ죬ʮֻ޾Ͳ˭ֵܵģֻݼޣֻڽֻ޴޺ֻйޡ
ҽ֪ʲôѱɵս
΢Цſˮ
ˮЦſˣ˸㣬Ҳһѱʦ
ʱˮҫصʱһٲֱӽ󡢵ˡޡͷ뻹ֻϣҮɲó
ͷһֱ֣ٻһƬ룬һЩģʱȴ
һгˮѾԼԼĲ󣬸ʹ˷ս⣬ֽϡ
ȶԷָʱˮѾ׼ˣڵҲ൱Ŀֲ
ԽԽ˼ˡ
˫۳ս⣬ûк£ߺܶ룬ЩʵôзУֱˡ
ھ̨պڵЩҲһԷʵѾĳǵϣǵĻڶ֪ôˣֻԶԷЩ޾ѾһˣԱѣοǸӦñЩ޸ӵΣա
ˮֱӴһƬ˫ľѾܽˣͬʱýʩչ˽շħ
֮
ˮĽĿסֻڽ
׷
ˮܾòսˣսٴγΪˮǿս׷ͶԷɵٶȡ
ϹǿоѵսĺֲܿϧٶۼӣȻͽսԼӡۼһֱöԷڹꡣ
Ȼۼӣһ׷Ǻֲܿģۼ˵ƭ˵ģȫǿۼһ㣬ԽͶԷɰٶȡ
ɰٶʲô൱Ķ֣һɰٶȣ³ֻһѹŴ
ȻڵĺڽٶȻǺܿ죬ˮȴǿԴݶܣɰٶʵ̫ˡ
ֱֻڽˮȥ
ˮֱ޲סһֻԼӦֻɣбޡ
˱ˮֲĵڻûлعôҲû뵽ֲѾһֻܳˣе뷨κδ۵ĳ
˿ˮߵļֻޣЩκһֻѱʦȻҲвѱޣѱʦ׽
˺ֵһҲ֮ĵʣ˻ĵˡ
ˮųֻڽоԼ޳ֱõ˷ͷЩС뷢
ž
ˮһʽʽһֻڽⲻ֣΢Сʴ͸Чֻڽƽսꪴ͸ˡ
αСĺڽ
ֻڽǰҽжûзһ㣬˲Ŷһ٣ļҪѪˡ
ˮɱֻʣһֻŻɱԼģʱֻڽȴ˻ȥݼ޵
ˮһȫ˵Ľƻ
ҵġ
˿ˮе㸴ӻеԹޡ
壡
һֻͷߡ
޴ͷֱӽ֣ɫ߿رϬӰһŽȥ
׷
ɽ
Ҳֱӳ˹ȥ
Ǻģλã֪ƣλٶȺͶģվλúǿġ
ȸλãֱʹͨɱɱ
ڤ
һ£˵ڤֱӴﵽĹһġ
շħ
棡
µĹڵ˶Ǵʧɫ˵ʵʵҲͺ½˲࣬ѾǶʵˣﵽֻˮҲֻʣˡ
ڤȻֻû˺ϻĹˮһξɱԷҲҪϵ˾ŵǿ֮һ
ʵѾǶˣټ壬ħڶûз
ݼ޿ԺӣֻصļһΪ˰ġ
޵ĹϵڶԷϣҲ⣬׷˵ٶ
˳׼ᣬڤֻڳݼޣڵڤʱҲ˺ǡ
ķǺֲܿģһҲȥҧ塣
׻
һ׻ڽסڽֱһҧ˿ͷֱһ˿ֱӽڽסһ㣬СҲǺϬǸ㣬⻬С˨ס̫ˣͷ˿ճԼǿֱӽһٶû˵ĺڽֱӼپųɡ
ܶĺڽͷ˿˻ˮֱӽӽ˻¯С
С¯ʱֵĻǳݼҲǲĺС
編ƣͷͬİ취ʣµһֻڽҲ˽ȥ
ڵѪȴǰѲ˵˺޵ľʵǿ󣬿ϧٶѾۿֻۣҪʱĥע顣
֣һǡ
ʱҲ˲˴ĺ
仹ֱȺɱ˲Ҳ
Լ
ˮ΢Цſˣɱʮ㡣


1473 նɱ
ʱȻݵ˵ĻˮˣʱȻ
׻׻
ˮֱʹ׻֮ļյãˮһ޴ɱﵣʱǳ˹ȥ
ɫֱӲҰףȻܶʶȱʧֲ̫ˣԼߵڵĻԵסԷɱС
ڻֻݼޣϧٶѾ͵Ĳˣ뵲סԷֻûκοܡ
ͨɱϧѾûκλˡ
ۣ
˵Դûˣֱӱޱͷˣ׻ɱɱʹɱɱ˭˭ǰ޻ˮϣҪԷû赲
һиϵһ˱ɣҲˮ֮ǰĴ㣬ˡ
ʱźҰȵҲɱ˹ħȻҲῴţ˫϶Գ鵽һѾö˵ʲôϻˡ
ˮ˲Ҷʮˣֱʹս⻷ǽǴÿһλվˣˮԭ޸ĳɵġ
ǽһңͷһչǿʴϵ£ȺٻЩǺֲܿģرһЩһЩġ
շħ
棡
ԶŻһƬƬ̫
ʽ
֮
ɱˮ̨ջڵһЩǿֱҵԷǿߣһлϾ
ԷȻҲ󣬲ˮоŹҺ;ŹֱöԷ󷨻һЩǵܼ򵥣һЩλ󷨣ˮˮڲ֪нԷ޸ĵ
ҵսټ˫ֻźҰȵҪö࣬ˮһʮ˸ϬĿ£һѼ⵶һͱ˭˭
ΧĿвϵķž޴ıƣһһնǻɵģʱĳֿնԿǳһĸо嫵˴оԼС
ʱһĹȥҲԽԽ࣬źҰȵԽԽ࣬ˮһ˺սмŵĸг˺ܶޡ
ˮó˾ϻ¯ãֱЩʵ˴룬һЩǿҲܵ˾޴Ӱ죬һЩܵ˻ңֱӰźҰȵ˲١
ȥѾʼܣһε͹ħڣһε궼
ʹˮֱ׷ɱǧһЩҪǿ߶ˣֻļطӵˡ
źҰȻǴʵ˳ˣħڲʲôҲݲǣܶɺҿɶġ
ȥʱ򿴵ֻݼ޻ˣžԵĸ߲㣬ŵϧѾˣˮ֪ʲôԭֻȴû뿪
Ȼû뿪ˮʹѱⶫǱţܶսʩչĻᡣ
ˮԺͨȴûãҲҲ
ˮûõģǸˣҲݼһѱֻҳһˣǸˣҲȥ
̨ʱߵˮ˵
ˣֻԿܲи⣬Ҳͦϧġ
ˮҲһЩڳݼ޵ĽܣоֻһˣˮǺš
ʵûа취ˮֻһ
һһǰһ޵ϣһ㣬ͳһ֣֮һޣΪεֻʧһЩʶʲôתϡ
ҩʧ̫ˣı׶ˣȻˮ޶ӴϺܶˣֻļûа취ʱŻôͬɹʻϺܶ࣬ͬĻ࣬ûбҪˡ
ˮֻڽֻݼޣֱû¯ȫֽȥˮƣȻѴһ㣬ɹʸһЩΣֻҪܳɹУֻֻݼĻǳɹˣҲʧˡ
ˮֳΣͶһλᣬˮ룬һ֮ʵˣһֻݼǴΣôεļںϺںҪֻݼΪεҲһֻݼޣĳɹʻǺܸߵġ
ˮʱҸֱӽɾȥǸׯ԰ԼֻߵʱˮժԼϵǿʥʯָ̨ϣˮժµʱѾĨԼʶ
ôãСĶˮоԼûνԼоŹ򣬾̨ҲŹʲôʱҲܳԼ츳ûйϵ
̨տϵʥʯָе·Ǿڽָ棬ȵԼȻƽѽָԼϡ
½ҲŮ˽ָرమŮմȾѪĽָӷͬһ㡣
һˮûʲô룬̨ȴǸоԼڲ֪ѾҲûǰƽûֹˮĸо

ɾˮŻ¯Ϲս֮ڽУһֲڣһܵںϵһУʧܵļʺܸߺܸߣһɹпܻǿޡ
֨֨֨
¯вϵ޵ĺ¯ڽС֮ǰֻݼסҪܴģ𽥵ļСںڽôһֱӺС
¯ڲͣҡΣˮ۾˫ֽӡϵĴ¯С
֨֨
ԽԽ󣬻¯ҡεҲԽԽˮ˫ַĴӡԽԽ죬ƺһͻ㵹һ
һϸܵĺˮĶͷϣʱһĹȥ̸ʱ˿ֻǸоʹ࣬״̬
֪ʲôʱʼ¯ҡεƺˣԽԽһֱֹͣ¯ĴСǺܴ󣬵С˲֮࣬Ҳ˵ڻ¯еĶ֮ǰһ룬ֻǲ֪ܲܳɹ
ˮ˿⣬ΣյʱѾȥˣǲܴ⣬һСĶпǰʧƻѪ
ͻȻ¯ϵͼһԵƵ޺Źɢȥˮﾪϲޱȡ
ȫע˿ûа׷ѣɹˣȻɹˣ
ˮһˮѱޣֻˮ֪޷ѱݼ޺ˮְֻͨ취Чİ취Ҳǹעһİ취
ȥ¯ˮܿ죬뿴Ǹʲôޣȥ˲ˮˡ
ޣ
ֻް˷񳬼ݼޣ׺ֻֻ޴צӺͷ­ȴǱںڽצӺԴڽҪܶࡣ
һڱ˿СĵޣˮֱҸεĸо


1474 ǿңˮֲķ
޵Ӳ˵ÿҲ˵ѿڽȻīСǺ۵ģǰˮĵľˣֵĶ񣬵ȫıĿɵͺܺÿڽҲǺܺÿˮȥ޵һˮر⣬ȫ̳˳ݼ޵һ̳˺ڽΨһźٶȲǳ졣
͸֮һƽ⣬޵;޴󣬱Ҳ£ڽٶȺϬֲ̫ˡ
ڵٶҲ֮ǰĳݼҪǿһЩܵ˵һֻһʵޣ޴ξһɱ¾һ㣬Ⱥ֮䣬ֱȥ
ˮһֻǿĶޣ糬ݼľͿˣû뵽õ˵ָӿֲĴڡ
޺ͳݼ޵ϰԲ࣬Ҳֻҳһˣȴҵ֣Ϊҳһκ顣
һôڿһЩӰرǿ˵ѱѣΣֵֿϵǱ޺ü
⻹㣬һۺǿҳϵһķǵ޴˵Ҳһ˵츳
ңһзġֻҪ޻ţһֱڡ
ҺðˮǰЩҵΪڲŷ֣ҾȻôǿҲΪ˰ҵĴڣǿˣҵĴҲͲӦˡ
һɲڵһ൱ֶһף˵ֲֲˮڶܸܵԼϵһЩ仯ƺܶסһ㡣
ھһЩǿʹͨɱ˺ˣСǿܱ֤ȫ£ˮֶνԷġ
ɱˮԼҲ֮ûоͲˣ֪Լһֲķ뱻Ĳס
޲ˮһֱӵˮóϹһЩʹõĶֱõ޵˺ܶܶࡣ
սսֻսܷƣһսǷ˺ƣԵĺƣʱʵ磬ɴһˡ

صŵׯԺʱɫѾʱĹţֱ˹ȥֻ̨պͻüڡ
ôˣ
̨诳ĵһοˮʵ
ǰǻüȿڻˮ˵üһȻζĿˮ
ˮӿ̨գȻŻ˵˳ԺʲôսҿԸǵˡ
̨պͻüһ㶣ˮ
ˮ˵ҲһֻǿĶޣǿĶޣ˸ǿ
ţмҪ¡
üͷ˵
ˮʵҲ³ˣһӡ
ҪҪźҰɨƽԵõһЩı
üˮ
ôأ
ˮ˵
ǲֱ˻ᶯ֣ǲΪء
üüͷ΢΢˵
źҰȶħеĴڣǴһЩˣھԻк֣Բô׵ıӼ˻ҧأοֻء
ǾŹ𣿡
üе㲻ĵ˵
ô౦Ҹҿ϶ǴţҲòʲôˮԣҪѹƼˣȻҧһ治㡣
ˮһɹõ˵֮ͻȻоܶණĵˣĿĵˣرһЩ档
ָоҲ˵ˮĸоԼʵǿˣǰһˣһĽǮ֮ͻ԰Ǯĵһ㣬Ȼ˵ģеԽǮԽģǮıҪ
üȵĿˮҲܵƺںܶණĺܵûмȻôı仯̨ҲǸܵˡ
ãǾģ˵òã
üЦе
̨ƺüĵ٩һ㣬ͷ춯ħ

صħѾˣˮڹúУɾҪʱ⣬ʱ䶼ǾԻȥ̨ա
ˮûпרŽӽ̨գ̬תˮое㾪ȣо̨վǸŮˣһҪ۵ŮˣһеļǿǱƳġ
ҲõϢаһЩʿźҰȥϧûôף˫źҰ
кܾõĴɣħеģôױģձ󣬰֮һҲöһ⡣
̨ƺҲУ죬ʣ°ʱͻüȲ裬һиϢǻüˡ
̨֪ȥüˮǺս˵ŻսЦһβͻһü˵ʲôʲôԲһ˿һ
̨տüһ㶣Ҳ֪Ǹұһ£ˮ̨գŮ˻лСǸʲôӡ
ȻǰԼĺӣˮ֪ͻˡ
ȿȣ
üĿȿˮع֪Լ̨շˣڵƤܺûиоʲô˼Ц˵ϲ㣬ϸ磬͸㡣
ˮóһЩκһЩҩˮҽʦ͵ҩҲǲӵģ֮ҲǺĶкôһһЩΪɱ
̨ҲһЩüĵ£ȻЦ˵ˮҪҵĺɵΣ
ü˵ĺ棬ֻŵһЩ
̨ƺûﲡð
һ˵ƺоףİ˻üһۣˮȻҲŹ
ˮЦ̨Ҳôɰһ棬ϲŮֻһϵ˲ˣûйϵ˭㡣
üŮˣȻʲôû뵽κԼСܵǫ̃յķģȻڻûзʲǫ̂һô꣬˽⻹ǲٵģ̨֪նѾˮӴһ˿⡣
ҲܿģʲôҲ˵ǫ̂ͬãҲϣиޣиϲˣиˡ
ˮæʱܿĵĴӦ֪ԼǰܲܳɹǿԼ̨ղһˣһʼˮû뵽ľϲԽԽ࣬˿֪Ѿо̨һСŮ˵Ϣ
ˮ㻹üӰѾ
üЦſˮû˵Ҷ֪˵ʲô
ʲôҲˣ˳Է˯Ŭ
ˮ˵
ʯΪ
üЦ˵̨ա
ʱ䲻ˣȻȥ㡣
̨εҡҡͷ˵ʱҲൽ뿪ʱˡ
ãǸˮա
üЦվ


1475 ҹ˹ӣ
ûü˵ˮҲ̨һ뿪ģü˵е΢ѣüҪľЧˮŻüЦЦ̨뿪˲˳ȥ̨û˵ҲûвˣţˮܸܵǷɡ
𣿡
ˮ߱Цʵ
Ǳˮһʣ̨ȴһܺõ⣬Ϊ̨֪ʲô֪
̨Ҳһ㶣ǵڶˣѵҪ
ΪʲôҪôʣ
̨һ㶿ˮŤͷǰߡ
֪
Ҫ𣿡
̨յ΢΢һ˲ߵĲʺһޱȵľޡ
ҪҪ
ˮһ½˵
ǰ˵Ҹо˲٣ֱɽѹŵĸоƺȥ˴룬ûôˣӦǿİɡ
̨˵һģĴ𰸡
ˮ𰸶֪㲻㿪ģ˵ģӦǰɣ𰸻ǺܿĵģǺ飬ʣҲǸоˡ
Ժʲô𣿡
ˮĬһ֮˵
̨һ𣬵ָܿȻǲǴ뿪ˡ
ˮ룺ʱ뿪һҪûأǿԺʲô㣬벻뿪ˣħˡ
̨΢΢һۣ֪ˮǲǹ˵ǲСģоˮǹ˵ģⲻûʲô
ʱħǿ뿴Ǳ۸
̨˵
ˮȻ䣬ȴǸˣħȻĴа֮ףȴǲû캦顣
Ըʵֵģǿˣû˸Ҷħˡ
һǿֻһʱģû˵Ļ롣
ˮ仰νһ˵õҪȮ죬ׯȻǿ󣬵ȴǿԺܺõ棬ˮǿ󣬰ҵλ̧ߣǸʱˮ⣬һܲңûǿ
ǿļ壬Ѽ˶һǿҲ˵Լ޵еģһܳ⣬ôľΣա
㻹ᣬħǧƽôʱЩǿһģοħŲٵǿߣ㡢ս֡ϵȸֻǺܶġ
ϣɣ
̨΢΢̾
õģұ֤һʵֵġ
ˮ̨˵
ߣȥϴǸطߺòã㿴Ҳѱޡ
ˮ˵겻ӦֱһͳǸɽȡ
̨նˮе߻ǿƵΪҲ֪˵ʲôУҲһ߳ģԼ֪
ǹ߳𣬻Լûų⣬ȻҲôڹҲԼ֣ܻôߣֺܻѳֳ߶ȣԼڳܵķΧС
ˮһ֣޳ڲԶɫ壬ֻǾ޴ͷ­ֻצɫɭɭ⣬ȴϬޱȡ
Ȼ
̨վȵĿˮǵ̴΢ţ޲ȥڡ
ˮ촽ѵƿĿ⣬̨տɫҲ΢΢Ʋͷ۵ĶǱɷۺɫ
ַʽʧܸߴųɣһγɹˣӵгݼ޵һЩڽǸѱһǿ
ˮЦſŮˣһ
ʲô
̨Ҳе棬Ͼˮ˵ǿ鲻ˡ
һеķ
ɱˣһзҲʲôˮͬϹǿ񼶹ףټڵġҡǿһΪǽղĴڣεĳݼ޺ޡ
̨տ֪ˮǿķģ֪ˮʵȣȻĵǳЦſˮǸϢ
ˮһϿЦݣ̵ܶȴһƴ磬һ𺳵ĸȾԾҲЦˣһֲܿƵı
Ц
ˮþûع΢Ц޵
Ц𣿡
̨պ治֪
ţЦˣԺԶЦЦפա
ˮָ˽
̨û˵ֻϵԽԽͣͻȻ֮ĸоƺܽϵĽӽ֪ˣûָоȻָоһİһϤһָоָо
һһûһȺȲһ𰲾ĴŵĸоָоܺãϲԾľͻῴˣѿ߱˶ÿȻе쵫ȴǲʧ֮
ÿҲ
ˮЦ
ÿܳ󡣡
̨յ̹Ȼĺˮһ˵ֻ˵⻰ʵɣǺܻá
ѡ
ˮЦ˵
ŮˣһЩ鶼ʾϣҪϸϸܣ֪黹ûȫ򿪣ȵȫ򿪣޵Ů˲ŻųһС

ʱһĹȥת۴ȥˣһʱˮڼңҹ˹һк
ˮȥ󿴵ҹ˹費һСһ¶οЦݣˮĵЦˡ
ˮ㿴ĺ񡣡
ҹ˹Ц˵Χ»бŮ˶΢Цſˮ
ˮӹСһһ˫۾ܸɾǰҪʱСһܺÿ˵ʺƤҲ֣мŮ⣬һСһһ㡣
֡
Ц˵
ˮ͸ܵĸһֱŵһЩˣƽˡ
н˰ɣ
ˮ˵
һЦŵͷ
ǰգʲôĶͲˣԺĺӶ࣬Сһݵϸ˵ʱ۾еʪ
ʵںǰСһˣʲôŮˣ࣬ǾͲںںˡ
һУҵׯ԰ٴδ˺ܶ࣬˺ܶ󷨣ùģҲˣұǰĹſ˺ܶ࣬ҵԵҲԽԽãҲԽԽ㡣
ҵʵ˵ˣڷԵãܶ嶼ǣҾ޴ĶݵģѾվӪУңΪˮûˮҲϾˮļŮҲǳ˳ֲĴڡ
ǵһֻۣ֮ǵ͵ȥݵԴȥ磬ȴǱκǿ
ҵʵڲϵķչֻҪеۼļͻ֪ʮҵʵһĴڡ
ԼڤʵǴﵽʳˣڤҲ˳ĴѾ𣬶һԻ໢ɻˣǷ壬ǰ໥ϲȻˮҲͲԣȻĴӦˡ
Ժ໢ʵҲףڴҲǺǿĴˣ뿪̣ѾǷ˺ܴı仯ûЩİȴűǸݡ


1476 ۳飬ھŵ쾭ͨ
Ҳᵽ˷ݵݳǣҵСѾͷҲˣҲˣҲ֪Сһﶨνס
СѾͷڱǰ˺ܶ࣬µһرϲڻ϶һʱһңûиĸԼŮһ
ˮ໹ˣȻǿСһΣûߵһҲСѾͷŮԴġ
Ȼĵû˵ʲôôʱĽӴˮʲô˻֪ģҲģСѾͷĻ²ǽģһ˳ģϣСһۣܿоΪҵ޻Ǻܺõġ
һлǿԵ֣ҲһĽֵģ۹⻹ǺܺõģȻô翴ˣҲ֪һЩʲôģоԵӦûеġ
ڤѾһЩ⣬ˮΪ˶Ǹкôʵˮñİ취ľȴûʲô취
Ը͸ż¾ˣŮҪɺܶ࣬ʵǼŮڼҵʱ٣ȴһ׵İСһѹ̵ܽڤҲǺܳˮס
ˮߵӶڡ

ף

һʱ䶼ǿĵĽеСֱˮȥˮԼЩﻹǺܿĵġ
Ǹĸͷ⣬˽İǸĸˣҲʥİ뵽ǰ֪ԼزȥһܻȥһеĻҲѡȥˡ
ڤѾˣ۸ӱˮҲˣֻǿҪɬͬ˷ҪһЩϾһЩ黹һζ
Ҫ֧ţԼʱǵĸúܺãʱһΪǿߣˮĵġ
˫͵ĺҲܵˣˣڳ˿Ӿʱһ˿ʱڿ
ǰ˺ܶ࣬ϸԵ鶼ˣ°˶رǼŮͼϵŮӣһٶˮզࡣ
ǵ½õĺ츳һҲû˵ұ˵ʲǺܺãҲͳһ̥
ұҵǿʵ౴Ҳ౴һͻƵԶʱҲͻƣ౴һġ
ˮвʲôЩǿǰϵĴڣ˵ȴǲͬҶʱǲߵ̫Զеҩ֪ܲܰʹõһ죬ܣʱҲҪܾá
ǰһ춼룬ȴѾߣһԼ˲ϵĴﵽĴ˲Ĳκ˲
ֻҪĴˣҵĵλϵĳȹˣˮԪܾãʱҵԽԽ࣬ǿҲԽԽࡣ
ˮǺܵģӴˣԸ죬֮ദҲǺܺãԺ˵Ĵû⣬أ˭ң
ܶⶼǻ᲻ϵĳ֣û£ԼڣԼܻܾáˣˮǲˣԺ˵ɣһʵǲںʲôҲġ
ˮһλĻԲǿǵһҪʵ˵бȽҪḻ˭λҲҪú룬ʤܵģкܶ˱ȼǿǶԼҪ
ЩԺҪǵģڵûбҪ

һҶûϢȻرĵģǻҲ֪ȥǺóʱˡ
굽ˣһһͬһ꣬ܿɵһ꣬ˮ꼸Ҫط
ģôˡ
۳ˮǺܾȵġ
۳ѾڵĴ󲿷ʵԶԶ˦ˣһĴڣʱˮڸɽ俴ѩ
ˮһŮˣϹŵ΢Цƺܿġ
͸˺ܶ飬ˮȴе㿴͸ĸоˮûаǰôǿңϢһҶ裬е˲¡
òãôϲ𡣡
ˮЦ˵
֪æһЩʵûбҪģ׾ˡ
۳赭д˵黶ãһƺֱĸо
ͻȻоаˣֶĤݵĸоҵİɡ
ˮץסֻЦ
۳һΣѵĵİˮһۣһˮֻ΢궯һĻûж
۳΢΢ż⣬İչȥ΢΢۾
ˮͷǷ۵̴ڣĺţ˱ᣬֻֻ§ס۳ֱֻסˮĲӣ΢΢ĵˮһ
Χһѩѩ˵ˮһǾһӵʱ䣬ɿǷ۵ĴʱһӨ˿߻ţõ۳ֱߵðͷˮǰ
۳һֱĹûнӴٴԽԽƷչ̨֪ԭ֮ǰԼˮԼĻûκε
ˮɣ
۳˺ܶ˵
һ仰ˮѪҺԣ˵ʲôأ
С쵰Ҷ˵ˣ㻹
۳ޱȡ
˵
ˮЦ˵
Ҫӡ
۳ڽӴϡ
ˮŵ۳һֱʹþеɽ֮УһгһǱѩأʲôҲ㲻ϡ
ѸΧ󷨣Ȼֱӽ
۳ɫģ֪Ҫʲô飬еֻеڴ
𣿡
ˮһѺᱧ
ţ
۳С
ˮĴϣոѩ׵ı˿ͻо˲ɶ棬໥ӵš
ٴסǺᣬ۳ĻӦˮˮ˫ʱıĸʱѾתƵ̻ͦԲϣмֱֽ֣õ۳ˮζɿƵĽ
֪е۳·ڻļ٣ֻܿʣ㣬ѩ׵ļ񣬹⻬ϸ壬޳ߣͦεһָպղסҲرģҲСͣͦͦޱȣԾˡ
˫۽գˮȥԼ·ųȥװһ˫ѩ׵ļͦһ˲ˮĸоҲƲסİУ̰˱š

۳ıסˮˮĽһʪȽʵ֮Զתһɾ·תһ뵽۳УٴҲתһصˮС
ž
һˮĵֻԼ
ھŵ쾭ͨˡ


1477 ǿʵ
Ȼͨһ쾭һ㲻⣬Ҳϵеģѭʵ⣬ܸܵģʵ˺ܶ࣬ʵﵽ˲ǧˮǧʵ⻹ʱ˲٣ˮΪʵƽʱԴΪҪʹֻʵӵѾñˡ
ʵﵽǧʵҲﵽһǧһʵһӵĿ˵ˣھһɱʵѾʵˡ
ǵھŵ쾭ͨ˵ĺôڰ˵쾭֮ͨĺôǺܴˣû뵽ֲǵھŵ쾭
֪Ժļ쾭֮ͬʱʵǲǻɫأʱ׿⣬ҪʱȥˣڲĻõʱ
ʱʱϸĵַµŮˣתл·֣ˮеѪһֱȡ
۳룬ˮɣˮģеһҶˮ֮Ƿ·ӡһӡţһҸĸо
ͣʱѾǴȥˣ۳ˮһˮ˵֫廹ĳղһ𣬴ϳһζ
ϵζš
ˮ˫İš
۳ϴһ֮Ŀˮƺе㾪ȣʲô֮Ż˵ˮҺܿġ
ˮû뵽۳˵Ļһ㣬ŷԼϣǰõķ羰չ¶ţһٴδ

һε۳˵ʲôִ·Ŀڴرһ
ˮٺЦЦֻҲ·ǰڻŵһڡ
ҵʵȻ˺ܶ࣬ʵ𣿡
۳ɻĿˮ
˫޹ܣ𣿡
ˮȤ
ֲЩеµģԭҲһʽֻа𣿡
۳ֱӺˮζĻ
˫Ҳŵȣͼһ棬һֶ¯ʽһ㶼ǲ߲мһһûʲô仯ʵѾǺܺõ˫޹ˣٲȫԼϵȵ˫޹˫棬ֻٺ͹ûйϵ
ˮ򵥵˵һ¡
Ǻܺˡ
۳Ц·ȻϻźΣȻ˺ܶࡣ
ǣ๫Ҹ˵ûٱˡ
ˮҲǿЦģǺܺãҲܾ˵õģˣʲôܶУοҲ׷ʲôһһˣˣʱʲôǾԵģĵһҲʮǧʱʵͲǵһˡ
۳ˮҲǺܿģɫԽ˵Ů˺ͻһϵ֮ͻܴᷢı䣬Ὣһȫϡ
ˮܵˣͷĶͷ
۳ʵͺǿھǲ̨գҲ̫ˣˮҲ⣬̨ʲôʥȻЩʵһֱ߿ֲС
벻ͨҲͲˣý̱Ԫøι̣ܾ˵ʵ㹻ȹˡ
ˮߵ׵ĶȹٺˮŷֲĹϵȻֲܿǻв˿ԶȹԽߴڵԽԽףΪ֪ӺͿʼʺ˵ĸзȡ
۳͵ǽãŮͼϵŮӣʵǺģڵʵҲڷٵҪϵ۳Ҫܳʱ䡣
ʱصڡ
ͽǨݻݰɣ
վˮ˵оʱҲˡ
Ȼڵʵ岻Ǻǿ۳ʵѾˣ˷Ҳһǿʵҡ໥Ӧ
ţһȥ£ĻǨȥ
һǨƲǸС⣬˵ǨǨġ
ţһǱ߸ǰ׼õġ
ˮЦ˵
أҲǨȥɣ
ˮ֪˵ɽѧҲ˵ȥҶȥˣ֣ǱǿԳΪһ

ڵ۳ĿˮӰԽԽԶˮ죬ɾһӣȻɽȥ
ɽ˵ǺԶˮʹþпԶʱڸϵ
Ϻﻹɣҹ˹Ѿ̨̺ڴҹ˹費ʱҲģֻ˺֮ʱ䳤һû
ܿͼ̨̺诣ҹ˹ǰڵĵطŮ϶סʲôȫġ
ˮŮȻޱȣǰˮӵһȻɿˮŰˮƵ̨ߡ
ˮ̨֮ʵѾˣ̨ղֻ࣬һû˵̨ˮ׷ֻˮˮܶ
ˮ֪ԼƻҪܳʱ䣬ԵǶڲľʱˡ
ſ첲̨죬ıסˮļ˿ɰĶǺɱģûС
ˮЦ˵
ûУ
ˣﶼãǲ˵ʵ֪Ǻģ˵᲻רڲˣôˡ
ˮ˵
ۣһƤô񡣡
̨Цƿˮ
˵˵ЦЦ¥ˮʵҪ˵һ£ţݵĴɶиԶŴ󣬿Դݻݣϲܴݡ
ǵǿΪԺлǰӷĵط
ŮܿģʵҲݣ֪ҹ˹һ֮ŮȿеĿˮϾҹ˹ǵʦȻѾѽƣʵͽҲûʲô𣬴½ϰױǰһҲѷɫֻһ˿ԹȢŮˣŮȢ˵ģһǿŮ˿һһޣֻҪǸһЩŮˡ
ˮҲе㲻˼
С޺ÿɣ
Сһʲô֣

ŮǺܿģȥҹ˹СˮӦʱǻȥ׼ɽȥڷݿ֧֧ҲԱܲģֻǶţݵɽһ顣
һЩˣʣһЩ˻ΪҪЩ˻ԸģڶʵǴۿˣȻݵɽеʱԶˮȲ˽ԼҲбףҪԼѡˡ
ЩˮͲٿˣס˼죬Ҳų̂诣ǿģοأÿڰ̨请Ǽ尾ʱ򡭡̨̿ԹҲ죬ֹһεô𡭡

ȵѧʱѾһˣҲһϤׯ԰Ϳ褡߹ɷԼĽ㶼ڣʱĴЦͻȻͷÿԶվŵˮ΢Цſǡ


1478 ҵŮ˰ɣ
һе㲻ŵգգ۾ȻٿˮΨһˮܿģһߣһѱתһȦ
Ҳ
ɷˮɿֱ˹ȥڵɷѾ׿˺ܶ£ԸҲʺܶ࣬Ҳǰ绻һһ
ˮתһȦֹ˹̵ͦСӣˮɷռķ㻹ɷһжˮģͬ죬ɷİġ
׽㣡
ˮЦ褴йǰҲӵһ¡
һʵֲ黹һɷ֣һůĻ߹ûǰܸ˵ĺˮк
껹ڼζûɢȥŵƽʣĵطرʣŹʣÿһ϶ǹſĵЦݡ
˵˵ЦЦׯ԰ķ䣬ѧĸʵѽԶԶ˦帮ͲܸͰѧ˳ˡ
ﻹðɣ
ˮ͵ʵ
ɷˮһߣɷĽ㣬ˮ֮ǰҲĴкŮ˶ˮǴм¡
߹ˮ˵Ķ棬Ů˰ɷʵѾһˣ˸պΧŲ輸һȦ
ܺãôͦĵġ
ˮʱǿŮ˵Ц
Ȼ˵ģҵʵ־ˣʲôʱȥݰ
ɷ˵
Ϊµģļ
ˮĿɷЦ
̫ˣǲǽͿȥ
ˮЦҡҡͷô죬ҵ׼һ£ŮʱȥǱ߷չһˣǼҵ˲Ҫȥˡ
Ǵ߶٣λүô˵ء
˼һῴˮ˵
˲ô٣˾Ϳˣλүȥ˵ﻹѧλүӵԪûκ⣬οҲżġ
ˮЦ˵
ţҾ׼һ¡
ţһǨȥһǱ׼һеġ
ˮ˵ȥλүӣ˳һ¡

ܿˮ͵λ˵סˮǿޱȣȵкˮһֶں󱲵УˮҲǴλ𾴡
үӣҾֱ˵ɣҪŮ뿪ƾͽꡣ
ˮûжֱ˵
λ˲ûʲô⣬΢Цſˮ֪һ죬û뵽ô죬Ǻ£°
ˮҲ⣬λ˿̫Զˣºʡ˺ܶ໰ˮЦλүͭǽڣɽвѾûˣ뿪ǱɻѧѧһңҲλүӵġ
ϲܣô˵֪Ǻ£ڵѧʵȣʵһ޴֮Ҳõ˸Ԫţݱûܿеǣѧ캦飬ʵǲԸѧġ
ˮóһЩ֮࣬кܶණҲТĶҲˮĶѾϰˣԲˡ

ˮѧҲ뿪ˣȻҸرԶҲǧ֮ѡ˼ɽȡɽ壬Ȼʼ׼
һȻͽ̸ȥˣǷ֪֯Ҳ̫࣬Ͼˮһ˾ͿԳưԷݣûбҪôΡ
ˮҲͷ֯кϾ֯ڶҺܺãûбҪ˭кģ˾һ߻һɣˮǴкġ
֯Ҳ룬ݵ֪ˣ֯˼治ʲô

Ѿȥˣˮصħ̨ʱһѩһȾѩˮʱ΢΢һϸ΢ĻȣһΧ·ˡ
ˮ߹ȥɾͣǳɾ͸У㹻סһղ
仰˵˶ٱˡ
̨˵
ȿȣǸһ顣
һһɣ
̫ˣҲ֪ҵ챿ͻ˵
ˮٺЦǺƤҲҪţƤҪҪ񵽵طҪ̹Ȼһζķ񶨻˸оαˡ
ߣʵΪʲôң
̨տˮɵЦЦɣ˵Цˡ
ŮЦÿһοǿҵĳޱȡ
һҪ𣿡
ˮ뵽ǰһ仰ĸ˵˳
Ҫ𣿡
Ҫ𣿡
Ҫ𡭡
ˮЦˣȻ䣬̨ղ֪ˮЦʲôһۡ
ҪҪҰ㲻㡣
ˮô˷ᡣ
Ϊʲôң
һҪ𣿡
衭
̨չϵסڣȻԼȴͻȻЦˣһЦĶˣһ˲ľ紺شء︴գߵǡ
Ҳ֪ô¾ЦˣһЦԼˣҲû뵽ԼҲЦˮɵɵĿܿеľޣ˼Ʋͷ
һЦǣЦ
컬࣡
̨ˮħԺȥԼһ˵ĵط
һһЦһ򭶼һǿҵľһ־ϵĽһ
Ժľɫ滨һ磬ﳣ궼Ǳ
ϲ𣿡
ˮɻĿ̨ա
ǰ
ϲЩ𣿡ˮЦ˵
ϲ̨ɻĿˮ
ǲرϲĶˮӨһУϵĴҲһȾ
ѵ㲻ϲ𣿡
ϲ
ˮͷˣʵһʼо̨տе񱣬ͨ׵ر𰮸ɾﵽһ̶һֲһϵĲ
ڿҲǺ΢ģ£Ůһ㶼ǱȽϰɾ
ǲǸон񱣿
̨Цˡ
ˮһԭҲнģ˼ЦЦ˵ͷ
Ҫн񱣬Ͳˡ
̨̧̧ˮ֡
ͱӵ𣿡
ˮս֡
ҲҪ˭ӵˡ
̨û˵
Ǻء
ᣡ
̨չϵ˵
ˮЦЦֱӰᵱŮӵĽ
ˮһӵסҾ뱧㣬ԲҲҶ
Ҫ̨ˮĻͲˣ˵ôߵ֪ģĳǿӵ
ٻȻûйֵĶǰĽӴĸоǺ꣬ǵԾ˵ѹеʧ
ˮ˫̨ƺܵǰĸо΢΢˫ֳ˫磬ϲĿˮ
ҵŮ˰ɣ
ˮɿƵ˵
˵֮ˮеڣоʱûг죬ȴǰѻ˵ˡ
̨ƺҲû뵽ˮô˵ȻԼд𰸣ҡҡͷڲڲܴӦ㡣
Ůûж˵ֻίľܾˮ
ˮ֪û׼ʲôĪźǸ廢


1479 ݣعĴ
˵ڻܴӦ㣬ǲӦʱδˮоƺʱ仹ûе֮ǰһھ͸оԼļˡˮܸоˣȻǽӣЦ˵ֻҪ㿪ôУһ㵱İˣ㲻ҪκθҵһŵԼˡ
Ҳ㵱Լˣ
̨е˵
ˮǺǵЦ֪ŮĮҲĮԼĵһΣԴһʼȨˮУֻҪˮ߽磬ϣˡ
ˮԶׯݣûнҪŮˣˮϵŬһߵ죬ȨУֻҪ⣬ŮģֻҪʱ䡣
̨տˮ۾С˵۾е峺еɣܵһЩĸое룬ȴһůԼûˣľԼ׵ˡ
һ뵽׵ˣ֪뵽֮ķĺܶ飬һΪܸԼһɱ䣬ڹؼʱˣ뵽ЩЩĺҸ
ˮŮ˱һЩͣ̽ͷֱͦһ£Ů˻һµһ۵ûгԹ
գʱмʵһ֣ԼˣҲǺͺһЩԿʱһսء
ˮ뵽ŮЦ˵
Ůˣ
̨տˮеĻš
ţ
ˮε˵
ļһôŮΪʲôҪңôŬֵ𣿡
̨պĿˮʵѾ֪ˮߵŮҲʮֻǲΪʲôԼôŬ
ԵУҸо֮Ե֣ν޵ͬɣǧ޵ùߣҲ
ˮ˵š
̨ǧ޵ùͺˣʶĵһ£뵽ЩһűߵúϼֲҺˮӡ
ҵԽԽСŮˡ
ˮôߵЦ
ģ˭ġ
̨ô˵ûסˮһֻűĵطȥ´ȥˡ
Ҫȥݿ
ˮ߱˵
ţҲµˡ
̨˵
Ҫȥ𣿡
ˮͷ̨ա
Ҫչս崫Уϵˣȥҳȥˡ
̨ҡҡͷ
ܿٵĻģмһ˵ĻҴȥˡ
ˮ죬ںĵشиλãǵͼϵλãǲǺݵλãͲ˵ˡ
ţһҪСģܶ˶㡣
̨˵
𣿡
ˮεĿ
̨տˮĵͷ
ˮЦˡ

ˮǱˣȻʹ˾С
ݣ
һݵĻ֮ˮΧǸ߿գУߴ¥еĿҪˣһͷвʱķɹ͵ݣеˣеûС
УУĳ̶ȱݺҪ߲١
ӦǺݵĵشϺıԵ߻ıԵĿݺͷݻҪ¡

ͻȻһˮ𺳵̧ͷԶһ޴Ļɳ۶ˡ
ˮզ࣬ݴһ֣ȴûп̫ˮɱǴֻ֣ǴȽСࡣ
֮ǰֻǿ󣬵Ҳ£һҲʵǿȻǿ֣ںܶǱȽǿˡ
ֲ֣࣬е೤ĺر𣬵ȴǴ֣ݵһܳ˶൱ԺյĴڡ
һͿһֻһǿߵֻһЩʱŻܶ˹ˡ
ϵģܱһѾǼˣֳ治̫ǿ󣬳ʵܶࡣݿܾʣ廢Ųʮλڣʲôصĺݳ˻Ҳա
ڷݺˮԲκˣͲһˣһأˮɡ
ǰȥĵطźܴĿԣźܶණȥģһݻû̫һ˸顣
ʲôʵˮ֪ܶ࣬Ȼ廢ڵ˵廢ĴڣˮҲ֪ݵҲǵĵɼģҲǿԳΪһġ
̫ˣ̫ɢˣˮŻʧԶȥڽ˳С
ԶǾˮʡҪѧ鷳е㷽ԣ󲿷ֶǿԺ׵ġ
УˮߵһߣмǴ汼źܶĳ͵޳ʲôģռûݳ޵˭ӵеĵز
ߵĵˣһ߶һЩ̣Ҳе̯ʱʲôģʲôĶУ۵ģĺò֡
ôֵĻˮȴǰһжİģûκιϵɣرɡ
һЩصСԣˮľһ߱߳ԣСǰĴһ࣬һ㶼ģζĲǰĶǿ̫ˣûȾǴȻġ
ˮĺܶ࣬Ǳ߳ԱߣܶŮǣ˵˵ЦЦഺΧ˶࿴ۡ
ˮԼʵ䲻󣬵ʶȴ䲻СˣǰʶǰˣʵᣬֻԼ̬⡣
ˮĵطƶȻƶȣ֪Ҳر֪򵥵һʱ䣬ʲôƶġ
һֵԶϲ죬ӦǴ֣ˮЦЦеط췹ˡ
Ӵ飬ԷС㡣
ʱһˮС
ʲôк񣬱ǡ
ˮţŶԷ˵Ҳţôʲôˡ
Сǲ˹άȴҪȡЬ
ٲԸҲûа취ǿֻţС㻹˽š
С㣬ȥǿɾͲˡ
ˮӣҴˣһж棬ҴҲģұǿȢŮȢŮ˶ˡ
ԽԽˮҲһݻĴׯ԰

ſڳˮвѾӭˣǱĶɢȥջˮҡڵȥ
λôƺ
һ΢Цˮ˵Ӱɫһõסˮȥ·
ˮ
ˮЦſ˵
Ƕٴˮȴǿ˫֣ſиȼǮˡ
üû֣Ҳûʲôǿߣˮĳеǣϵңµ˿ˡ


1480 룬һŮ
˼Ҫ鿴һ뺯ͻ֮¡ջǾ鿴һ¡
㻳ң
ˮȻ̧ߡ
ǣǣҪᡣ
æ˵
ٴ飬ǰȻ˻ɱģȻһǻȥɣʲôԼе
ˮ˵Ťͷߡ
ȵȣҵĴǸ롣
˸Ͻˮӭ˽ȥ
ˮҲֱ˽ȥ֪Ĳ𣬺οϲ£Ϊһֵò졣
ׯ԰ܴ󣬷Ժʮһȥкܶ˶߶һƬϲ죬˵ĵطĴԺ
½ϰ¶죬񣬱ϾʱһЩ̨֣ʲôģڵĵҲԣʱرǿ󣬴򵽿УԽֱӶ¶ĵط
ôһƬԺ䣬ʩû˵ɽšˮء֡԰ӦоУһξȻԲΧΣ֮Ŀ϶ǸպãʱѾ˲ˣȺʮڿĵĽ̸ʲô
ˮһĵط£һЩʲôģܣûпٵˣȻҲûпС㡣
ֵܣһ˰
ʱһһˮĶЦ˵
˺ᣬӦñˮ£ҪһЩӦôһЩɣΪˮܵʵӦһЩļе
֣һˣôҲһ˰
ˮЦ
úǰСһֵĺܣֵ֪ˡ
ʵ
ˮϹŵ΢Ц֪˾ԲʣſڵˣоӦúйϵ
཭ˣ֪ˡ
ˮЦˡ
ҲЦˣ཭治֪ǹªζˣǴĵˣ⸽ֵôƺ
ˮôƺ
ͨ
ˮЦٵ֣ⲻǽɻôΧû˶ô飬ˮĿ
ǲǺֽҴϲȴûߡ
ͨЦſˮ
ˮͷ
ΪǸܵİܼӣһǴǿĿңûǿĿңҲúίߣԾͳˡ
ͨԳЦ
ҿǿôɣ
ˮ֪˵ʵģԶһЩŵ˺ٱһʺ
ҽǵһֱֵԣⳡĴ𣿡
ˮͨʵ
ͨˮ֮Żҡҡͷһܽ˼ŵ˻ҵͷϣⶼֱ̻ˡ
ɷΪΪֵ֧㡣
ˮЦ˵
ллֵʲô
ͨɻĿˮ
ɢģҾ￴߶ѣûʲôĿĻ飬ɸϵ췹Եġ
ˮ˵
㣡
ˮһЦţǻԵںݵĵһѡ
ף٣ôأǺҡ
ʱһ˲ô˹
ٹϲ㱧ü˹顣
һ˧ζ˵ȴÿĿ⿴ͨ
ү˵ҪúõĶԴϣ㲻ҪܵίҶүǸ
˵ʱС
ˮһԲɫ֮ǰͨ˵һ˱˼˵ﻹҪﵽͷϡ绹ǲпᣬ۸˾ȻҲô۸
ү˭ˮ֪֪һС氷һôԼȢԷһҪޣȻעϡ
ֻһŮˣˣռôǿɼǸŮһ
Ǻһòôš
ͨҲҲûƽ
㣬ˣϲӣҲһʶÿ
ҧЦ
ɡ
ͨĻӻ֣ʱԱˮͨЦŴһƿˮһԼҲһ
ʵӦòǰɣ
ˮƱͨһ¡
ҺͺǼҶǿƵһãǲУȻ޿Ǿ̣Ҳôױµġ
ͨ˵һڽеľƺȸɡ
ˮﻹϤֻ֪ǴģɺҲɼǣǸݣûҪͳһΪǲɵģϾݶ󶼲֪ôͳһ
ͣ˻϶ѽȫˣͨվˮЦȹȥٺúõĺһ
һ
ˮЦŵͷ
˳ŴҴк˵ҺҵĴӣˮ֪Һ˫Ĵôģ֪֪С֮飿
ˮоӦ֪֮ǰЩӦ֪С飬һŮ˼޵ҵĳ裬ͨһ˵ĳ裬ʱҪҪ踺أܻĳá
ϯչĺ˳ˮҲǸŮˣһһŮˣȴַ鵽£ǰ͹̣Ҫ·űһͦεŲΡΡԲβ߶ʱ򿴵޲ǰһڡ
˿͸ˮȴǴпһֲмûаκ˷ĸоˮԽԽо˼ˣͨز¶û뵽ظˡ
ݻ治򵥡
Ĺ
ŮĺĹûдѾﵽ˲þĵزŮƤ񣬱̣ͦСϴһ˿˻ǵЦݡ
ˮ뵽庮ҷŮ˺庮ҷеһƴһǸŮˣˮֺþûмˣôˣҲ֪ںòá
ˮһرֻһˣˮۣͨʱˮվ
֣ϲ𣿡
ˮƱЦ˵
ͨһ㶣ߵŮ뿴ˮ˵ϲ
ˮͨ񣬷仰˵ġЦ˵ǸŮˣúöɣ
ͨеɻ󣬵ЦЦһġ
ˮͨǲýȥЦźǸһǺĿµˣԽԽǳԾɲ⣬ˣôᡭ
ô֣ų̂ôУ
ûжñվ˵
ǰӮ̨ɲȢСġ
ܲȢźأΪԸⰡ
仰ֻ˵˵
˵ֻÿ˶Ը⣬ȢŮˣԸĲࡣҲˣСҪޣҪ޸ŵԵģͨˡ
ˮ֪С֮ǺĹйϵΪˮˮŮʵǸ
ˮ֮ǰŻͨ˵㻰
ԴԶַдǱ󣬼ҽ׼ȷŮ˵һЩ
ȻӦǹأȻԷϺŲӮȢԷǿҲֻ߸ʽѣİʽŪһЩ


1481 ɺϣǵõս񴫳е
ݽж̨нж̨Ҳн̨Ͼֽޣأ˼ػС㣬ȢСҪ޵ˡ
ǸʽעҪȢߡֻмҪľʵ㣬ҲһҵСʵչʾ̨ڲԶ̫ߵģҲͰ¥ߣԿú
ҶǺȤİĿͶ̨ȥҵһСᣬܾǸӡ
ҵҶһʹˣҵǸֵдһ¡
Χ˵
ɣ
һһͦεӰڶ̨ϣΧ֮˵Լ֡
壡
ǶС涼ҵĳҲ
һȥСʵȻǿúܾʣֻǿߵսźÿСӴʱҲܺÿߵսҲ˿Ѫڡ
С൱ر֡
СһʧֱǸȥ
ҵļС½ȥеİҵ˴ȥеİ˴ȥܿʮȥ
̨һҵˣѾĸˣȥˣƺûȥס
ˮȤĿ̨ϵˣᣬҪ˵ҲǴʮˣԼҲҪϲ٣ʵ۷塣
ﶼ顢ɵģˮǿҲۼģС۷ѾǶʵˡ
ˮ˿ϯϯλϵɹŵЦݣΧ˵˵ЦЦ̨Ͽһ۶ûС
ҵһ˺˵ֻ᲻ʱĿ̨ͬŵ΢Ц
ںܶ˶ζĿŶ̨˭ҲˣγɻһʲôӦðʽߣƺѾʽˡ
һûоˣֵ֪ǸҾˣûеĻ͵ɣ
վڶ̨΢Ц˵
һǺܶ˶ˣоˣҾǰŮ˼޵ңҲڶ̨Ҳ䡣
ô黹ҪҪɣ
ʱͨƽ
ҷͻȻ˵ȶһȣȻͨƽ˭Ҳ仰еĻҩζ
ͨĪҲҪǽ£ɻ鵱Ȼˣ˵صס̨ô򵥡
ɱмĿͨ˵
СûзһȺСһ
ͨ˵Żֱӳڶ̨ϡ
ͨĻúܶ˶ǾޱȣҲǣҲ֪ΪʲôһҵĺôͻȻǿˣҺܶ˲֪Ǻ»ǻ¡
ңɱȡ
ɱĿˮ
ҺǿʱǻģɵѰɣ
ͨ˵ɱȥ֮ľҲʮס
ɣ
ɱŭˣһҷɵʵ̲ȥɱҲûκ飬Һܶ˶ŭˣ
ɱҡ
ң

Щ˸˼ҵĸܣֻ֪ұˣ֪֮ǰҵΪҲܹ֣ȻĹضҪģҷҪʡ
˵ɫ˵ѿҲ˵Ϻÿ˵ɫѿɱͨǽĻ¡ɱǾҵˣһʱ˵Ϻࡣ
ʱϯλΧ˶û˵ȻңҲǴ壬۵˭ܵġ
ɱһеĵͨȥٶȺܿ죬۷ʵӵ¡
أ
ͨ㲻ܣһ֣һȭɱؿڣֱӽԷȥ
ɱߵķһѪ˳ȥڵϵʱѾǽȥٳ࣬ǾȲˡ
˵ǷС󣬱ĵĹ˻ᱻġ
ͨĻĴ˹ȥ
ɱŭĿͨ־ȣһ˫۾뿪硣
˶ˣɱҵţ۷ʵһ֮ң̤ۣʵȴǱͨһˣͨۼʵ
ôۼ
ҪģҪһֱһҷϵĳƺһҷȴǷ·ݺݵĳڳһ⡣
ûпɣһɱ
Ҷоˡ
ƽʱ˵Ƿ˭Ƿﰡ
ҵ滹˵ʱԸֱӾҡ
һ亹˲ҲǱˮʪ
ʵĬܿޱȣͨվһɣͦβԾȴֹ¶Բ΢΢ͷ
ʱ洫һƬӵ
үˣ
ãүˡ

ˮүӦþǺǰɣǼҲĴ壬һҪǿļ壬ǼһǲôԼҴ򽻵ġ
үȫȣѾˣˮʱҲһ㶣һһĴ󺺣ͣ׳ţֻƤ̫ˣǰĺҲѷɫʲôֻ˫۾ȴǷŵ̹⣬ǳȴǿĸܵ
ǼǵõǴеļ塣
ˮеͷԣүʲôСȻǼҵţ㻹ʲô
ڴҲǸܺߣֻھһ㣬ΪŮ˵Ի󷨾ԻоŮˡ
ʵҲֻÿǸʱŮ˵õĸоȴǲỳʵԡ
ֻ֪ÿζǱһͷڵʱ֪᲻Ѫھġ
һүߴ°ˣֱӴҡڵߵ̨棬Ȼͨ
ᣬ¡
ȵسƣȣǰԼҲֻֻʣˡ
ŮѾˣûǻӽ֮ҵˣ˭Ҳûá
ͨȻ̧ͷ˫ĿĹâֱӶϺȡ
ȱĿ궢ֱӺһһֻţĿ̫£ļ£ˮЦˣˮ֮Ժ˵ŮǸˣ֮ǰ̸ҲϵܵģΪˮϸܵϤϢ
սϢ
սĴбõˣҲΪʲôһҵķڵĳɾ͵ԭ
ͨʲôʵЩ˲֪ˮ֪ﲻʲôǼͨǸƨͨȻûбҪˡ
֮ǰû̵ĸоЩоһĴڣһȺһǰţʲôоģֻһ̫ˣʱҲˣȻҲøЩһˡ
ˮŶԷӦҲ֪ԼĴˣսⷽǿӦеġζˮžƿ̨ϣҲ⡣
ҵˣ㻹Ҫ𣿡
ͻȻЦ˵
ͨʲôҲ˵ֻǿźȵĿܿ
ž
ȾȵȵĲͨʱĿҽһ㡣


1482 ϲֻҪһۣҪһ
Ů˵ֱźʩչԻ󷨣Ů˵Ʈ欣ȻѣԺٽ˾;ˡֻ۾ת죬ͻȻסߵһ˾˺·ǽڵϣһȥ
Ǹ˵ȴκûкȵʵǿ󣬸տʼɵˣȻȴûã±ǹ⣬ĳܡ
ͻȻһԼһˣһһƽǸ˸ˡ
ֳһƬţҺҲͻȻֵĻ澪ˣͨΪʲôˮ˵ŮǸŮˡ
ŮȻʹõķ𣬵Ǹ÷οȱǱģôҲ
ΧҲ֪Ů˲еˣڿȶֿĿڿ
ɵˣ֮ǰڷȻ̫ԲΪʲôôҶû
ԼӦֶûǣ
ҺǼҶȫ𡣡
һ˫񶾵۾ͨ
ҲٿѪˣϽȻڶ
ͨź˵ҲǸˣŮϻԽƯŮԽǳ˲¹ͷ
ܶٿʱмɵһСͿˣ߱棬ͻ䣬
ǵš
˵Ȼ뿪ˡ
һλҪСҲԣͨﶷֽ̡
ͨ󣬵ȴԶ
СȻȥˣһɱбɱǿһ㣬Ҳȡ衣
ͨĻսҡ
˲¶࣬ƭˣϷͺС
˵һ˾վ˶̨ϡ
޳΢࣬㣬Ȼ뷢԰ףɫһ˫۾ʮ㡣
룡
ͨûκα仯ͻһ֡
˫ֳצ˫һ㱡ȭףɫĹΣӰһһӰһȭͨȥ
ͨҡҡͷιһŤ
Ծ
ͨ˲䣬ֳצһֻצһ˵ץȥٶȲر죬˾Ƕ㲻ȥ
꣡
ѣͨӰٴһȭ˵һϡ
꣡
˵ӰȥȻûд󰭣ΪȴǷˡ
һٴˣ껣ʵʵڵߣȴɱͨ·ϵ
ҲûжˣȴǸˡ
˵ʲôʵ
ôȴôǿƽʱҷϣǿˣҪҹţȥˡ
ǰҪұƵòƻҷϡ
˱ûñȣٲҵļ֮λԭǿϣҲǰʲô㣬һμȻ¶ʵҪ뿪ˡ
ǰҶãĸײˡ

ϵڷƽˣϧܿȻҲܿҵĲžҪûˡ
ģҶã˵ǺܻΪĸ׾׵Ů˸ģȻѾǼŮ˲֪ˣǲԭĸס
Ůˣдùϵ⼸Ůûа˷Уݹ۵ġ
ҼҲ¾㵽ȴû뵽˸ȴӡ
һһȴһ仰Ҳû˵ҵˣֻһŮǸҳҲˣûгԼҵˡ
ôҪǳȥȢûκιϵ
ͨ΢Цſҵˡ
֮ǰҵĻԭĻ˻ȥ֮ǰǳǳףޱסǳǳףûκιϵ
Ϻһһ飬²òͷҵ˻뿪ˣٶȺܿ죬һҵǶˡ
ͨſҲ֪һʼʲôĿĺҳɻ飬ѡˡ
Ů˹ŹֵĿͨҲû뵽֮Ż˵еˣܺ𣿡
ܣ
ͨЦˡ
ĵһۣ㻹ʣ
ҪѡԵҲ˵𣿡
ͨЦſ
ѡȨ𣿡
㴩ʱѾѡˣҲʲôŮˣҶȢ㣬ŮҲȢ㣬㲻ÿ֡
ͨûô
úö𣿡
ǸŮˣһúö㡣
仰ԣǸŮ˵Ļͻúö㡣
ϲ𣿡
ʵ
ϲֻҪһۣһȴҪһӣϲ㣬Ҳᰮ㡣
ͨ˵
Һܿġ
ŮЦˡ
ˮû뵽ͨȻһԼ˵ɣԼǵãҲеܣͨ˵Ӧﻰɡ
Ув˿ģвﲻģͨƺܿģܶ˶Ǻӭϲ
ͨһжȥˣҲˣҽˡ
˿Χ˲ʱ΢Ц˵
үӣɲУһҪܳʱ
ͨЦҡҡͷ˵
ʲôʱûйϵļҡ
æ˵
ҵܶ࣬ҲһҲ߲꣬治֪ʲôʱٻ˽Ҿ뿪ˣүҪأҺͺǼҲõġ
ͨΪҽǰϰŪõһ㣬ƽˣҲŪʧΣ
Сӣ˲ˣôү˵ģҡ
һҪе߹ĺȵ
ˣ˭ġ
ûͨ˵ֱ˺
ͨĸףƽʱûô̹ܽͨҷԼĺӣȴ˸׵ϣϻ
Եĸĸ׻Һɡ
ͨ˵ˮȥ
ˣһ㡣
˿̾˿
ˮﻹֻһˣֱͨȥ˲ע⵽ˮˣ֮ǰͨͺ˵
лл
ͨ΢Цſˮ
ҲˮЦ
Լо̫ɺˣҵһݾȻ˵õս񴫳еˡ
ˮЦ˵
һݣ
ͨȵĿˮҪ֪ɲǺݵıԵĵشˣʲôҲһôԶ
ǰⷽ
ǵõ˻ƽսĴУǻƽսʤĺˡ
ͨЦŰ˵ľƵ
һõеʱ򣬺սʲôԸ𣿡
ˮƱһ¡
ս»ԻǲеģҺħͺܶ࣬Ҫϸˡ
ͨ˵
ҵսĺˣҪܾãʱǻȥұս˰ɣҪҵˣֻдܺЩ˶Կ


1483 ľʵ
һξȥˣҴҲˣͨΪһ飬֤һ档
ˮоһ̫ɺϣѾһȽǿĵطˣϾۼĴˣں޵мߴڵĵطѾһرǿĵطˡ

ǴĴĿȻǴĵĿҲĶ߳ǳˣ滹һ߳ǳغͿǣ˵ڴĿǿĻв١
ܹ㣬һںݲʲôֻǺܶĲ׺һ̫˿Խ𣬵һĵԴںݴ˺ܾˡ
ˮס죬ƽıʵѾһЩΪ֪飬ͨʵЩ㹻ˣһУˮͨ뿪
ͨȥѾʵˮҲ뿪ģ;飬ˮ˻΢ıһ㡣
˳ˮĽͨõս񴫳еûرõõʵҲô׾ģڵѾˡ
ϸ磬ҳݣ˵һЩʶɣ
ڽϡ
ʶʵﶼһǿʳҪʵ֪ϵܱҸ֪Щֻںݸӵͻ̫ˣɻӣн˵ģɲ
ͨ˵˼䣬ҲǶôó
ˮЦЦһ˴ʲôʵʵΣʲôõطȥϸʲô㣿
֮⣬бľⶼǱȽǿģһССҲǲʲôˣһЩصĸˣݺĻǾ͵̤ʵһ㡣
ͨЦ˵
û廢ڵĻˮоںԼҲܺߣ֪廢Ĵں֪Լ֮·Ǻܳġ
ںҲһҲһ廢ǿĴڣ̫ˣʵһ㶼һλãڳССҰЩǿɴڵķʽӶࡣ
ľǿ𣿡
ˮû廢ڵ⣬ˮ֪ͨڹԼɺҲ
һϢԸıһ˵̬ˮǰ֪һȵһαڣʱŻ֪
˵ˮ̶ȣ᲻֪رڵֵõ˵ޣоԼںǿ󣬺ǿ󣬻龳пԱӦÿ԰ɣĻƻǻᱻɱ
һ仰ˮҲ˺ܶ࣬ҪκʱҪѵʶԼȻһʧͻͣͲǰһӣһ̬⣬Щ飬ŬŬˣһɾ겻ɡ
ľһǿﵽٽݺһȥǿĴڣһС
ͨ˵
ǿʵʲôϸ֪𣿡
ˮܹ
Ӧ۷ɣʮٵġ
ٵ˺رǴʮص۷ʱҲ٣ʵԽǿٻԽҲԽ
ˮҲ֪۷ʲôʵ֮ǰƶϲ֪׼׼ֻ֪ʮ׼ȷġ
һǧʵǧʵǧİʵһǧ˰ʵǧʵʮصʵѾʵ
ʮͻƲܴﵽ۷壬ʮص۷Ƕˮֻ֮ҪﵽӦʵǲӦĽ׶Ρ
һǧʵʮصʵﵽ۷Ҫʲôʵ֪֮ǰĻҪһܲ뵽һȼҲǰɣοǶ۷壬ʵҲǿˮͻȻԼ׶Ҳֻаķݡ
ãԼףټϵ޵ãˮоǿ԰һЩģǰӦǲҪֲ̫۷壬ʹͨɱȻͲ̫ˡ
뵽Щˮ̤ʵ˲٣ԼʵǺǿģûôôǿ˰ɡ
ȥǿӦñȽʺǡ
ͨЦſˮ
ͨʵˮҪ˲٣ǵõս񴫳ʱ仹Ҳصʵˣõս񴫳к⣬ҲֻǾٶѡ
ûоԣֻ˵ģһһ٣е˲ᾭٵģеһҪΣһλλûУкõһҲвõһ棬Ҫôˡ
ÿһٶǾһһ˳ͨʵҲкܴļ

һ·˺ܶ࣬͵ϣŮȻʵ˲˺ܶ࣬ȴһĹоһͶڿԺͳܶʵս֪ǱҲսģرˣΪĹôĶ֪
ݣ
ͻȻǰ洫һݽ
ݡ
ŸʮˮüͷΪһֻݽеģȻûпԶƲ㡢ʲôĵš
ܿ쿴ˣʮֻ޴Ļʹڽȸᡣ
ʹڽȸһǿķݣһֳ֣ϱֺÿһݵݵĲһʵôǿ󣬵ݺ
ȻҲǿ߳ݵġ
ˮĽǺ۵ģ޴ѹĽǺӾġ
ݵĽ̸϶ôҲܿЩɢԼѾ˽Χơ
ˮѾ˶ʹڽȸˣŮǻˣҲˣٺ棬ӦǱЩ˵ġ

һˮȥѳȥˣս޻Ǻܺսġ
Ĳʮ˻ˮΧѾˮ߳ҰˣһӢˣˮܺԷҪʲô
磬㿴˳ˣ͸ɣ
һεεˮС
ˮһ㶿ԴһƯŮˣŮ䲻ഺ䣬ֻ۽⵴һһܴŮˡ
ŮһߴˣһһЩӺ֮ɢƺǿ󣬵ǿҲҪ˭ȣߵζƵ֮ˡ
˲ûŮ˵ĻȤĿˮͽȻҲܸܵǿⶫɲ˵ġ
ֵܵǿǵﶼˡ
˿ˮ˻˵
ˮû뵽Է˵ĻЦЦ˵ֻ֪Ҫʲô
ʱҵķΧǲģǴﾭ˶Ҫ㶫
˵
ˮͨͨɫѿˮƺоԷ˵ġ
ˮҵˣ˵ʱǴǿ֮һӦʱұҵϿգǲһ˾ģзݾҲᱻ


1484 ǣ¥Ҳҽ
ͨĻˮû뵽ǶԷǹѣӦòȫѣЦ˵ǳէ㿴뿪ôûбҪΪСŪôҶİɣ
С£С𣿡
ʱǸߵһļ
ѵʱҴʲôõӰ𣿡
ˮЦˣŶһЩҲʼ䣬ǿģ򣬲κ˾˾Ǵ
ʱҺûӣµĹҪأ޹زɷԲȻԺ˭ʱҵӡ
Ǹ̵˵
Ҳ֪˭µ򣬲֪Ƕʱлò˹һߴﾭ֪ǻ᲻Ҳ£
ˮЦĿŶԷ
˵һ飬ʱҵĹأһЩҿԷ뿪ȻҪذ¡
мǸҲŭˡ
һֱԽʱңԽһֱţʱҵĹر쾭壬ߵﶼǱ˹άݵԽʵǿԸҲЩ
˵ʲôأ
ˮںƽҪЩҪʲô̵ʲô
ÿһ
ߵǸŮ˵
ôУ˵ÿΪԼĶһģ˵˰ɣĶʲô㣬𣿡
ˮҡҡͷ˵
ˮ仰еˣԷŮˡ
ԼԹñˣֵǣ
ŭˣԼŮ˱˵Ϸộ˵̫Ҳûá
ʮֻʹڽȸˮҲţȴѸٵóҡ
ڵľɲǰܱȵģżľˮ֪㲻ﵽ۷壬ѾھˣҲоûʲô̫ˡ
ʮֻʹڽȸֱӽʮֻ⣬ֻӣֱֻӱУֻĹ㲻ֻ֮ˡ
ͻȻֵıöԷֲˮӰһֱӳһֻʹڽȸǰһȭ
ԣ
һ죬޴Ļƹȸֱӱɱʱˮϣȴûκ˺

ʱǸնȵ
˽ɱֻͨҲɱһֻûʲôˣͬʱ˳ǰ档
л飡
˿˵
ˮǲɱˣֻǲЩ˽ƽϣͽɱûɱˣȻԷ֪ôĻҲǲɱԷġ
֮ˮûнԷȻǼ˵ҪɱʲôģǰˮǲֵģɱԼûбҪ֡
ˮ˼ƽϣЩҪɱˮǿ顣
ǿ뿪𣿡
ˮЦ˵
Ȼ֪λûȤȥʱʱͻˡ
һʢ
ˮ֪Էʱʲôݣ̫ͣҡҡͷǻ£´ΰɣ´·Ǿȥһ¡
ҲûйҪл֮Ŀˮ뿪
үүжǿ
ǸΪ׵ʵ
Ҳ֪ɱ練ƣǧⰡҲСˣЩҪ˼󶨣飬ûסԷɨӣҪӰľ
̾˵
ҲǺƣ˵ģԼԼŮǰûӣұԷĺʧܣҵĸо·ӦþľӰԭɡ

ˮ뿪ʱҵЩʲôò£Щ˶˵ǹ֮ͣһĿԼΪ㡣
º˴ǣҲ˾һЩӵĵطһѰս˻ߵõս񴫳еˣ˳ѰԼʵԵĻԼʵ
ֻں棬ܺЩħʲôԿӦƽսսٴλԻȻ˵һҪɣѾӦҪԾһԡ
ûʲôˣ廢ڵ鲻ֻܷܽһţ̨պܴˮǰܵĮƺˣˮ֪ûǣŬֻһͲ
廢ĴڣˮʵҲ¶ģŬʵ鲻ͻһµģҪʵ
ǣ
ҲǣһڶһǿĴڣȻľҲܼǰ塣
رǣǴľ⣬ǿ߻۵ĵطԻ̸ڣ
㿴ǰĿ¥ȥЪЪźȱơ
ͨЦָָǰһݻľ¥˵
ã
¥ǸõطܺȾơԷסޣܶϢһ㲻ʲô˵һطȥ¥¥˶࣬ȴǺܰȫ
λ룡
һſһЦȵкţЦֺһкøУǽӴϡ
ھ¥¥ĿﲻߵģȴģһĻͨˣĲṆ̀ûʲôΪ϶ߣ֮ǰȥ¥ûʲôˣ¥ȴǼΪֱ¥λ
Ҿ¥װ޻㲻ģǽϹһЩɽˮ˵ľʵذؽ࣬˵һȾ
˶ӣǲɱģ˶ΪգȻֱȥȾƳԷˣǰ˼еԣǻȡɻǮҪա
˼ɫˣһЩ޵ľһЩϡزֲ֮࣬ζҲܺãˮ̸϶ôڴϾϣûп˭ԼĸóԵģȻˮռ˲ϵƣˮҲǿġ
ҪһЩƣܾƣ
ɫƣһЩʲôƵģζеƣȴǱƺúȣˮôоģϲԼЩǾơ÷ʲôġ
ٶȺܿ죬˸һˣһ·ѾĬˣÿı߳Աġ
ϵܣʲôܲûͷäĿϹײɡ
ͨˮһĵ˵
ˮ뵽֮ǰڱĵطǿãЧܺãȴûй˵ϣ֪ҪҪزپҵ
ҽʦĵλܸߣֻҪҽӴһЩǿûκ⣬Ҫһ̣ȻҽʦȫҲһΣԣˮ¡
ϸ磬ʲôõĽ𣿡
ˮͨ˵
һʲôҲòˣһЩҽǿҽݡ
ͨ˵
ˮһ㶣ûзŮ˻ҽͨ˵һЩӦǫ˵ɣô˵ҽԼپҵˡ
ãǾͿҽݣɩҺɣ
ˮֱȥ뿴Ρ
һ㶣ִסˮţͨǺĵĿš


1485 ѩңɽֶ̨С¥
һãаӵʱ䣬ˮҲﷴģֻǴһСĻˮͿԶ϶ҽһҽʦԺҪоҪ棬һҪԷ֢״
˺ܾջе㲻˼˵С֮ܵ壬һûиܵһ˿һ֢״Ҳܲ
ˣɩӵҽǺǿģҲҽˣǾǿҽݣԵĻ·ٻ
ˮͼıŮ˺ƺģС̫ܵǸˣûãԸɴɡ
ŮĹͨŮˣˮʲô뷨ŮҲǺжȣˮ浱Сֵܿġ
˵ûѩСɽֵĶ̨ޣӮһȢΪޣԸȢĿҪֻҪΧӦ
ʱһ˵ˮ˵Ƚϳڣ̲סǺļȥ
ѩС㣿ѩŵ˰ɣһ˭ĶְСʲô˳ĵˣֻɵӲȥ򡣡
һҡҡͷ˵ƺѩС㲻ǵһΰˡ
ǰ˵λ᲻ȥսСأ
ᣬܶ࣬ʲôʱûӵ࣬ôǰ˭ԣѩҰǴ壬ȢѩҴС㣬ҵ˫ˡ
֮ǰ˺ǺЦ
˸ոģǣһ㲻ʲôҲĬĬ֮ˣȦо
ֻ᲻أ
ңˣȻ˵ҪԣѣЩ֪еҪԣǾɵˡ
ֵҡҡͷ

˱߳ԣһٷҲϢѩһѩǴฮѩүϮλѾʢʮˣڴ½ʮǺܳҲ̣ǿǧʱ䣬ڴϲӰԷͬСɡ
ѩλСѩҵһ̳ˮֻСĴ廹ģѩλСһԷǴүϻˣŵԣѩһҪһЩ
ѩҴС㲻Ը⣬ѾǺüˣǰǴޣǸҵӲ֣һֱϵڣ򲻹׻Ҫɵ
ѩҴСʼݣ֮ǰˮҲˣܶҲǿǵ˲ԭֲңЩ֪˻ȥѩҴСĶ֡
һѩҴС˸֦ǰӮһӦ޸ӮˣҪ˳۲УһֻҪӮУȻǰһǴӮ˲ȢҲҪֻҪѩģΥԭԵĶӦ
һӦò˻ܶ࣬Ͼѩ˺ܶ࣬ȻѩҴСųѩӦͬ˵ģҲѩңѩʵѾ˶ͻģѩǻҵˡ
СܵܣҪҪԣ֧㡣
ĿתˮЦ
Ҹоϸ絹ǿԡ
ˮЦ
ȿȣҾˡ
ͨһƲǺˣʱǺ»ûȣǸͨ˱ԵߵﻹȥŮˣĹɲǰġ
ãҪԣ˳ʶѩС㣬Ҳкô
ˮЦ˵ûҪȢδıŮ뷨
ˮŴӮģǰҪȥ򣬵״򲻴ԼҲȷ
һٷһʱֱ࣬ﶩ˷䣬ȻȥߣʹỤ֪̊ɽ־ֵĶ档
ɽǶһܳĽ֣Ľֺ·ǿ⣬·ҪһЩû˲Уֵϳ˳⣬ߵĶˣϾ߶̻ᡢʲôܷ
ˮֱɽȥճ극·ߵСҲûʲôȤһЩСʲôģҲһ㡣
ɽֱֺܿĴһۿߣ߸¥ȴǺ룬ϺݻסӦöͨˣǸ綼ǲƽģ˾иˣǲɸıģȻͲܷչˡ
ˮÿοĽֵһֵĿǧǧ֮֮ĽֵʲôֳˮÿοǸпޱȣǰȫҲҵһֵ洦ɼ
ɽֵĶ̨·ǺԶܿͿˣ׸ߵϿһ޴Ķ̨ΰ
̨ˮѾǸˣϾսʱڿУֻǴӶ̨еġ
ʱ̨кܶˣӦ˵ÿ춼ǺܶˣĲɿ˵ʵ൱ʼߡ
̨ģһˮģ׸ߵǲ㣬滹һСģʮ׸ߣǲϵʹõģϾ߲գҲˡ
սȻһ㣬治ʱĴк
½䣬뺷дÿ첻֪ٴΣɼǡ
һûʲôоˮڵ̬ȫһԹߣǴ˿СһͨҲûʲô̫Ȥɴ༸˾ɽߡ
ǿۣ
ͻȻָŲԶ˵
Ҫ֪ɽ֣Ȼݴ½ȱľأĿ˵Ǵ˳ֿҪ۵ĵط
һСĵطֻжֵشСҲǺݻұΧ¥˿ϸֱһĵĸо
С¥һӣдų֡
ҪһطȥɣԵĻǾ
ˮЦ˵
ðĵطýǮƺ򵽡
ǵ˵
ֻҪۣܿа취򵽡
ˮŵ˵
ӵʱ䣬ѾС¥ǿŵģֶʵҲСֻǺΧ¥Ե̫СˣֶؽֻиСԺӵģͱɢ¥ڵסˣһȥͿһ˺ݣζеˣϸֲˣ˫Ѫ˿ƺܳʱûϢˣˮ˺һ㶣ӵģ
ǵģǴ㿪ҽݣλúܺãֿҪۣԾˣ֪ô
ˮʱӣŵҩζҲУõģˮ²⣬֮ǰҽݣôٷҩĲˡ
ҽʦ
ƺЩ
ţ
߰ɣⷿյҲӹҽ
˹ϵĻ֡
ˮЦˣˣȻҽʦΪʲôҪҩء
ˣ߰ɣ˵˲ǡ
˿ҽʦĳɼġ
Ҳ֪Ϸʲô飬ҲһӴһƬˣҲ˵Լҽôǿ󣬵ûҽһˡ
ˮܿ϶˵
ҽʦҲǲܣֻҪκŮҿ԰ѷЩӹҽҵŮҲΪӡ
˵Щʱ嶼ڲ˫ȭһ˿޵Ϣ


1486 ˳Ӱ
ˮˣǰˮھҲǾЩӹҽˣӦþһܺ߰ɣ˵Ļˮһ£˵͵С¥𡣡ǴȥһǺҵҽġ
ˮЦʾ˴·
֮ǰ˵Ѿ֪˵ӣߵ¥һŨҲҩζˮ߱˵ɩӣҩζж´ʲô
һЦŵͷɻţһŮ˲Ż˵Щҩ͡Ҷ֥ͨ͸ݡӦ˥߰ɣ
ǰŵŤͷһͷߣˮ˵ķӦӦǲ¶ˣЦ˵ӦǰɣҺܿܵ˺ڡ
ˮǰҽ˥ߵҲǺ˥ˮҲûмֻͨҩݣ֪˥ߵġ
˿һ䣬ҩζǿң࣬Ҳܼ򵥣һŸɾĴһŮˣŮеף˺ҡҡͷ˵Ҫҽʦˣûõġ
Ů˵е˻ƣһЩĲỹǶ˵Ĳᡣ
ٻҪҽʦǺܶģҽкܴϣġ
ʱϹº͵Цݡ
ǰвپ֢˥߲Ǿ֢Ҫֻ׵˲пܺʣھݴ½ᳫٵģ½ûоֻ֢ܵҽʦԵʲô£ֻҪҵǿҽʦ
ǰֻܻھҲǺҽεģһҽʦβˣ֮ǰˮѾһ£Ů˲ֻ˥ߣκƢҲǻܻ˴롣
һû˻ܺҽκѣΪҩʲôѾˣɵҩҲûˡ
ɩӣа취𣿡
ˮ뿴Ů˵
Ӧÿ԰ɣҪһܵʱ䡣
˵
˥߿ɷΪ˥ߺ˥ߡ˥ߵĲչ٣ͨѪӦ˻ˡĳɹܵ˺˥ߵĲ
˥ҪԭΪڵಡ䣬ʱ估ĽУĹ½˥ߵķ
ô
˲ûбܻŮˣֱʵ
֮ǰ˵ӹҽˣֻܸ㣬ֻҪԭж
ˮ˵
һ㶣һŤλҽ־ҷһ
һƺ˺ܶࡣ
Ǵˣû뵽ӵﻹӲǵĸ٣ȻӲǾͲҪˣȥɣǱԼġ
γֵˮ̫ʱ䣬ֱ֮ӻ߶֮ˮҽǿֲģģʱ䣬ϵŮף԰׵ɫҲָһЩ˫۲֮ǰô
ڿӺݵĹˡ
ֻķ򸾾ȣǾϲͨҲǲ˼飬ȻѾ֪ˮҽʵ˶оˮҽ̫ߣڲ֪Լˣش
ˮ֣Ҳ춼ҪһΡ
úã֮ǰԲҲûɼλġ
ϵˮ
ⲻʲôҹƻ㣬⡣
ˮ˵ϾİΪӹҽõĿʱ䣬벻ŭѡ
̫лˣⷿˣǷ֤һõһֵĶǽ˼˵ⶫֻԵ˲ãҲ֪ǲǸԵˣɣ滹ռһЩҩݣӦû㲻
˵ݸˮһռ
ˮһ£𾪣ҩٶǰǧݵģӦΪŮռİɣ⻹мӣǷ֤һһʯͷһҡ
ˮϾϲ޿ݣΪӰ󣬺ġյһˮһֱѰҵĶٶȵġ
Ӱ
ҾͲˡ
ˮЦֱӽռӽɾ
ΣǾٻһǵɶ˵ģ´λлټͼλһݴ񡣡
˵
ˮ棬ҲµԷҪ飬ŮǱµĶ֮ǰܵһ˿Ϣ֪ʵǿ󣬵ȴǱѹС롣
Ҳ⣬ɣ˺֮ҪңҸ⿪
ˮ˵˸ǣȻҪʱ䣬ôǾ͵졣
һֱ͵⣬˼ĿˮʧӰתȥһ䣬ϹſĵЦݣˡ
ǰлһҪúøлһǣϧҲ֪ôǣҲûʲôõóֵĶ
Ͼˮҽ֪ѰĶ벻ۣ֮ǰˮٳʱѾ˵Ķ˵ѾˣѵǿʯͷôԵ
ɩӣҩ𣿡
ˮʵ
ҡҡͷ
֮ǰǸ˸ҩҾҩˣʱǷֵҩ
ˮЦ˵
˰ɣǻɣȻǽӴʱ䲻ҸоͶԵĪСܵܿǡ
ǳЦſˮ۶ǽ
Ҵˣ߰ɣȥɣ첻ˣȥѩҴС̨
ˮĵ˵
ص¥˵㶫ͻص䡣
ˮֱӽɾ
ȻֱóӰ
һˮˣﲻҪҲҪһı޺һĴڡ
гս޵һٶȣģҪ
״̬δ
ӰΰٵξѪ
ٵξѪˮɫһ飬ΰɣٵξѪǵε𣬲ҪָܻһɾʱֻڻָжȹųξѪ޴󰭣һͨ˾ǷųһξѪҲһ
ѪǾҲѪǱ軹ҪĶ֮ÿûж٣ԽǿԽ࣬ųٵξѪʡȥʱĴˮ˯ºܿĵġ
ˮɫҰ׵֣ӰѾɫɫɢһַһϢ鶯ޱȣɹ
ˮųһξѪֲ̫ˣˮҲоеԲûжþͻĳ˯ȥһ˯ǰ¡
ٴ֮ˮоöˣ廹ǺʲôҲˣָֻܿڷþҲûá
ûˮӰҲǸʯ̨ˮĺܶ౦յʯġͨ鱦񡢸塭
Ȼ޺͵ޣޣȻǵٶȣһ
һȫٶȵһȻˮ֪ǿĵ޷ݣ޵ս֪ٶȾر޺͵ޡ
ʵҲӺܶ࣬һֹ
ڶˮѾȫָˣϾɾʱܳºˮԼʼźܶҩȫָһҲ֡
ľ¥֣ѩҴСɽ̨飬Թ緹Ѿཫˣʱ¥ѾˣѾȥ̨Ϊ˵ʱ֡


1487 һҶϢ
ˮߵɽֶ̨ʱһȥȫˣǰĳȻ֮Уʵ̫ˡ
ɽ˺ֵѩҴСģȻھ¥ʱˮѾ˺ܶˣϢϸһЩ
ѩҴСˣˣĶŮ˭Ҳɲ˭ѩҴСڼ֮ŮҲֻӵһλᣬѩС㹫ҲûȨ
ˮ̶ѾһЩΪʲôˣǱʽƣΪ⡣
ˮ֪ǸҲϲԼĶŮʹ죬ڴ壬СõԴõĴ庢ӵĹСҪΪ幱Լ
һִĻȻеһԸ⣬һԸ⣬ǿƵһһ㿴һ˻һλ˺˳ģȢǵŮˣӣǼҲҪ͸ǿļеĿеĲģѩҴС㳤ùɫ㣬в˿ˣѩҺǿ󣬵ѩֻ֪ǱһЩ
½˴廹Ǻǿģһ̨ȻѩСޣѩСĻôż֮ҲҪս
ͣӲӵ̫⣬յ⣬ԡĸоֻǰ鱾ʲôԿ
ѩСˣ
֪˭һȻˮ˳˵Ŀ⣬ǺԶ̤նһŮˡ
Ů˿ᣬһѩ׵ףµȫճһ㲻͸ɴ¡
޳һ˫ѩ׵ѥһ̤֮·һ
üĿ续治ʩȴһ˵ľ̬֮е°е䣬һ˿֮嵭ˡ
վڶ̨ϣΧԶ½½һЩˣƲۣˮ֪Щ˾ֵġ
ŴҶ֪ΪʲôҪ̨ˣҾͲ˵ˣվĸʱУܴҾӣԸȢҵҲѩҿԴӦӮҵһǰˣӮҵҪﶥҳȥֱĸʱʱ˭վҾͼ޸
Ů˵ȴԲĴÿһ˵ĶУֻ˵Ҳһܣ񫣬һ˵ܡ
ѩҴС˵֮ǳĬǺܶըһ֮ǰϾǴӱﴫϢȻ֪ģû׶ֳ
˭ҲûȥѾȥ˰ӵʱˣûȥҲ˭ҲԸǳͷ
˵ӮѩҴС㣬Ӯ˻Ҫڽĸʱнܱ˵սһƽսֻ˵վ˵ǿ
Ҳ˵Ͷȡɣʱȥ滹и⣬˴ѩС֮վҪ֮ǰȥ˽֣ʱǼ˵ʵӦûָˣͶȡǲܵġ
ȻûȥҿͷѩС㻹顣
һȥ
ⲻǶ𣿡
ǰ尡

ˮһûסЦ˳壬ǰʯ壬û뵽ˡ
ǰб׼ģһԼӵҵǼ̳˷ļҲӢ˧ԼĶصƷζѧźĸѧ׻˵ǺꡣǿԴ⼰ҵķչӵл̬ȣ۲ӵ̽ҵ񡣵͵Ը˵Լ飬ԼͨĴš
ҲӢӦҲˮһ֪һѩҴС죬ӦǴû档
ѩҴСǳɫϸ֣һѳǹ˴õǺпͷˮԿʵûóȫ
Ž⣬һѩС㡰һСġȻмȥ
󲿷ֶоһᣬˮҲ⣬ΪѩҴСӦûϺܾúܾõģû뵽ֱˡ
ˮ⣬Ҳ⣬ǰѩСŵʵ˱ףվ̨ϵ岻ǵһվ̨ϵս
ڶҲǴ壬ѩҲѶá
ѩŵµķˮúԶˮվں棬ѩҴСòõˮȥ
еϷˣˮ֪Сʲô˵ûܵʲô˺ΪʲôƫƫԼ
һͨ˼ˮ˫ֵһ͵ֱӽŮס
ˮʵֱȥǱܣڻûΪԼŮ˾ͲҪ
Χע⵽û˹ƫƧˮ֪ѩСģˮˣôôôɣ
װˣﻹΣעġ
ˮʵΧһС͵Ի濴ģ
ˮɣôΣ
Ůգ˫Ŀˮ
ˮھޱȣŮ֪Լãʵң
ûС
ѩСɴ˵
ôʶң
ˮԽĺ
ʶһ㣬һҶ裬ôûȤң
ŮЦſˮ
ˮ﷭ˣܳʱˣˮһֱûһҶѶȻ֪û£Ͼûκˡ
ȻôܲȣǾϲһסѩС㣺
ΰҡ
Ů˿ˮ
ֻҪҾͰ㡣
ˮ˵
ˣȻġ
ˮӣ˵ô
վ̨ϡ
ҲȢ㡭
ȥٵֻ֪Ҫ˵Ļȥˡ
Ůˮ֣˫һֱû뿪ˮ
ʱˮֻʲôӦ̨֪鲻꣬ʲôҲʲġ
ãҴӦ㣬ǲǿԸ˵˵˰ɣ
ˮε˵
˵ӣҿĻҵһ۾ϳ㣬֪ǿԾ͸ı˼ƻҸ˴棬ڿٺʲˡ
Ů˵Ļˮо̫ˣ̫ˣȻкܶණɺʵʹµģɺΪҸŮʶһҶ裬ȻҲͲʶˮɺ϶ģܽ
ˮһҶںŮ˵ԼӣŮ˹ϵ˵ʵһֱϲԼģȻͱ˵ԼŮˡ
ڻðɣ
ˮʵ
ðܺãˣҾе棬Ϊʲôϲأ
ѩŵЦſˮЦ͸һ֪֮
ˮӣˣȸƽ飬ʱҪġ
ţһġ
ѩС㿪ĵ˵
ˮж̨ڶ̨Ѿ֪˼ˣǸѾˣЩҪˮΪ֪һҶ䲻òȥˡ


1488 ̨սʤ
ȻҪȥˮҲͲˮˣֱӰһڶ̨ϣһ˱ȥ
Ǹ꣬ɣڿǸģֻ˫۾һ˿Ͳɣƺٵ顣
룡
ˮֱŶԷ˵
Ҳ˵ȻеһԼˮɱȥ
̫ȭ
ˮ˫ֻӳһƽʥζڶԷļ̴̵ϵʱˡ
һ㶣ȻٴγȥһζǱˮ𿪣ˮ½Ƕûֻͣ䣬л顣
˼ˡ
ˮЦŵͷ
ȥˣ˼ʱ䣬һӿʼҲŹ˲ʱʱ䣬һĸʱʱء
ˮǸư֮ǰֻ벻ˮˣʵϳģѾˣɣĴɡ
һˮҲûпֱӳȥһȭ˳ȥЩˮһȻҲûпıҪˡ
ˣȴǿԽ˴ɣѾ飬ҲЧġ
֪ˮѾʮˣһغϣѾûȥˣ˭ǫ́վŵ˺ǿ󣬱Ͼʱȥ˶Ǻǿģһ̳ˣЩŲһС

ѩŵ֮ͨǰˮǺһģֱ˹ȥǺãˮѰɣ
ǵģʶˮ
ЦӭȥЦе㾪ȡ
Ůһ棬ʵȸ̾ԷƯȻһ£һʱԼо֪ԼƯһ㣬ǶԷƯһ㡣
ʶʶˣʶӡ
Ů΢Ц˵
ӣ
ţǵģƯǧٱŮӣǲ֪𣿡
ѩŵ˵û˵̫ϸֻǼ򵥵˵һ¡
ǲˮӮҪ˰ɣ
Цˡ
ҲŲԼĻñ˲ݣķʽѡһμﲻһֱվ̨ԼһĽǶȥ
ѩŵмĿ̨ˮսˡ
ȻȥҪܾòһеģֻǶǱˮһɵĴ
һЩŮһ˵˵ЦЦɣͨڼ֮⿴̨ˮս

ˮڶûʲôо˾ʹȥΪһҶϢˣվĸʱ
ҽĶָ̡
ʱһˮĴ˸к
պǴĹգȲһӺݹˮҿ϶ǻˡ
ˮ룡
ˮֱӽ⣬̫ĽӴϾһҪܵġ
ֵܵȵȣң
æ˵
ˮҲ֪˴ʲô⣬ǵͷ˵ɣҲһӦ㡣
Ӯˣϣܺúöѩŵ
˵
ˮһ㶣˺ܶҲû뵽˵ΪԷԼأԼˡ
ˮʱϸĿˣŨüۣӢŨܵüëıӣһִˡ
ûӴϵбµĻԼһվ˵ЩܡųҰο
ˮ˵
ˮкøУϣܱ˹飬϶УԼȢѩҴС㣬˻лᣬҪʵС
ɫǺܺÿǸĻҲܿģ˵ڲһʹ򲻶ˮֻǸоӮϣ
֪ˮ˵ģһ˿мһ˿ʹ࣬ܺİŮһʹץ
룡
һ˲ˮһѱ񳤽ˮȥĲ֣鲽ÿһ̤Χɢ֮š
һ뵱ǿսҪ֪ߵһͨ˵һΧɢľڶʮһ㣬Ҳ˵ڶʮľԾ
ˮ۾һйȻźöսɲһսҲǴ˵ģǰ沽ǾС׼ˡ
ˮӰһӰεĸĶεӶûã뷴׷ˮȴ
飡
ˮȭͷĶϣȥʮףûеӰվȣˮٴһµĲĶ֮ǰ鲽֮ͬ
Ų
ˮŲʵ鲽ֻͬĲˮŽȻͬĸоˮָͣһ˵ĺг뻯ľ硣
ˮϵȲǺܴ󣬵ÿζܽˣһӵʱ䣬һʼĶܾɥûл֮ˮĲˡ
۾ԽԽһֱ䣬ϵˮл
ϲҪ֣ЩֻǱϵģ۾Ĳһʵġˮ˵ڰ֡
л
Ķл֮뿪ģˮоǸֱˣΧڲһЩ˵úҲãװҲգΪϵϲãõ˵İҲһ±ˡ
ĶǺģ֮뵽˳Ĭһʱûȥˣֻ
ǿ֪ĸĺ𣿡
Ѿڵˣֻûκν
˵ôǿ˱һſֲʵ̳ܵôǿˣ֪ĸʵܰ쵽
һҡͷ˵
᲻Ǳˣ˭֪˵ʲôʵ
Ӧ۷˰ɣ
һ˴󵨵Ĳ²⡣
֮ǰǸֻЦ

ˮҲƣԼһվ汻ô˿ţѩҴСķ򣬷˵ЦرĿģˮգգۡ
ʱٴιӣУˣǸǿߣϧˮ֣ʵʵ̫ˡ
ѩŵ֪Ϊʲô˿ԳΪˣʵ̫ǿˣһĲ಻һǰ㡣
һ˶̨ϡ
ǰɣ˶ˣҲ
˵
ɵ˰㣬ѩҵˡ
ŶŶ̨Ҫˡ

̨ȡˣվӦ׼Ȣŵİɣ
ֱӿżɽ˵
ˮֻѩŵˣϣ
ѩŵүүϲȢҿǿ˽һ£ϳɻġ
˿ˮܿġ
үӵĻ⣬Խˡ
ԽˣѩҵϯѾ׼ˡ
Цкˮ
ҵѺѩС㶼ģҺһȥɣ
ˮָָͨķ˵
˱Ҫȥˮѵģˮûȥ˵ıģֻǿѡ
ˮ󿴵ѩŵζ̲ס˵ͲҸˡ
Ҵ㿴еô¶첻
ˮѩŵȻӣ΢΢ҡҡͷֻܸУһҪҽ


1489 ǰ
ѩŵ죺ģҲŲģһҾ͸㣬İҶȹһء
Ķô
һȥѩҵʱˮĵ˵
ߣҪ˵ʲôİɣ
ѩŵˮɫõ˵
ûУ˵Һúö㡣
ˮĻһ㶣ϽЦ˵ˣǲ˵ˣ˵˵ǵ顣
˵ɣҪô㡣
ˮϾѩʲôҲǺ˽⣬治֪ʲô취Ӧ˵ʲô취Ӧ
ʲô취ֻҪӦȥУֲѩʱ˵뿪Ϳˡ
ѩŵں˵
ˮ￪ҽݵģƺõһϢҽݹƿˣĻӦû뿪
ѩҺܴׯ԰֣һƬ޴ׯ԰ѩҵģѩҼҴҵѩҵĴӪϱ˶סˡ
ѩŵˮ߽ԶȽƫƧλرõׯ԰ׯ԰СׯԺ
ɽˮľһƬٵľϸĻĽҪΧĸһЩվ¥ԽΧһš
ѩŵ˶ṧĺС㣬ѩŵͷֱӴˮһȥ
Ľΰ˵¥оӵ׼ȷûߵѩŵүүһ˳ˮĵ˹
ˣߣ룬͵ˡ
еˮ
ˮ̾ڣӦܸܵԼʵٸоԼʵǿ󣬿ԼˣҪ򵥲ˡ
ˮҲĻӦȻѩһһкЩ˶ѩŵ׽ˣˮףŪúʽ
ȻǸʽԵúܳ⣬ɹؼˮ֪ԼʲôԼȢŮ˵Ļǰľʵ̫ˡ
ͨĵЦţʱĿˮǻЦ䣬ˮЦãˮԸȥɱһҲԸ顣
ΪһҶ٣ûа취ˣ뵽ЩеĿѩҴС㡣
ϯ湻ʢģֱŪʮˮ˺ϣȻˮƴǡʵֲˡ
ˮ鰡ˣҴ嶼ˣԼʵǿʵСģƺԼ˵⡣
ԼһǿˣȻˮʹЩ뵽Щﻻ΢ƽһ㡣
ˮɣ
˿ĵ˵
ӦõģүӲÿ
ˮţĳ治ʲôѩұԼҪš
ˮˣ
ˮȢ𣿡

ˮҲĻشֻʵûȢ޵ʱˮ뻹ǵͷүӣѾ˼ˡ
ˮ֪ƭҲûãɴԴ󵨵ĳϺˡ
Ҿϲ̹ϵˣˮûп㣬ˣһǿмŮ飬ֻҪǿģһֻһŮ˲ŻŮҸЩܵ˾ȢһŮҲǲҸ
˿˵
ˮôҲû뵽˻ô˵ѩŵڳһЩŮеŤη˵ѹ˵˵˵Ҳûдгɾ͵Ǹ檡
ǰͬǣǿ檺ᳫŮƽȣǰʵ檵Ҳ٣ǮǸǣֻ͵͵ģġ
ˮʲô𣿡
˵һˮڸˮ˵ˡ
ˮ룬ʵΪ巢չǣ˵ǸȽˣ˼ҵ˼ףҲڲȢӦ˽ŮȶӴӴģΣǲʧ
ˮ˵ĺޣ˼ѾȷˣѩʲôԹۣѩŵס
ˮĻЦˣĵ˵úã˵ôôɣ˵ġ
ˮֻ֪Ϻ꣬ĿĴﵽˣȻʲôҲںˣһǿߺעԼк壬۲ǿԸܳˮֳСˡ
ѩŵЦˮߣ˫ѾɣȻʮһȵϯ˶ˮơ
ˮʤ볡ѩѾˮźׯԺѩŵˮͨ뿪
һׯԺˮͼ͵ʵǲǸ˵˰ɣ
Ȼڱ
ѩŵܸɴ˵
ûˣ
ˮһ㶡
ûˣҲͺʹһ棬һ˰£пĻ֪ģֱȥˡ
ѩŵеĿˮе
ˮҲ֪ѩŵûƭȻϢ׼ȷܱûкãôҪһ˾Ǵ룬һҶ費һˣӦò̫ѡ
ǾҪ뿪ô˵Լıˣǳƽˡ
ˮѩŵ˵
ߣӲţҴ֪ңһġ
ѩŵ˵
ҲΪһҶԭѩŵˮǰСŮһԼҲûз֡
ҪȥĪһȥ
ˮŷȥһ˵
ȻҪȥˣȻҼһŵġ
ѩŵȻ˵
ˮüͷˣʱ˵ɣ
ʱܿȥˣˮҲ򸾰ѲκˣС¥ȴǻǣȻӰҩʲôľˡ
֪ˮҪȥܿģˮҲҪرôҿԽС
ˮȻų⣬ҲʡˣооڱӦûõǡ
뿪ˮѩҸѩŵ˵Ҫˮһ뿪ѩүûӴ˿ԣĵĴӦˣֻǶˮҪúչѾͷ
ʱˮǸоеζģ仰Ƚ棬ˮȻӦϾѩŵҪġ
ˮû뵽һݾȻеõһҶϢһ޴ջӰ
ˮߣôѵһ£ŶþȻջôˣҵһҶ裬ٴȴһ׮Ը
̨յ飬Ҫܾãô궼ˣԲô
һμ˶һֻ޴İʨҲ֣ǿˮҲԿ϶ǿ
Ӵǰ֮仹ҪС֮䶼ֱӰŵģżСĻ塣
ˮûʹþУҲûбҪκ֪ԼľУԶǳʨڸ·
ʨٶȻǺֲܿģһ·ƽĵִʱѾһ֮ˣݵĹٴˮһ£ԼľԺ൱õġ
Ҳǰ׽еģԶǺĶ죬һ磬ﾭѩһֱ䣬һ磬ܶཨﶼǱһ㡣
ˮ֪ˣоͦģ滨㣬ǶǴź£Ҳ᲻ʱĿһЩߴŵ·бӣʺϺֲ


1490 ٺǣ
ܶطװعղҲ̫һƬֻ̫¶Ⱥֻܵͣ˾ϸоůȴһ
ݴ½θӣܶطǲģȴʵĴڣĺ̶ȳˮ룬ǰļغ֮غһȼֱůĴ졣
ֻʵ
֣ﲻǺܽ¾뿪ɣ
ˮ˵
Ǳ϶ˣԼʶڱҪҪǵ
˵ֱͣͣóһŵͼݸˮ
ˮһǱһݵͼϸھݵͼǺĶһҲûƴǣڱݵͼҪ
ллˣ
֮仹ô˵ʵκٻԸ㡣
˵˭֪˵ġ
ҾͲϸˣæһڱͣһЩʱ䣬ҲܿǾͻڻʶ
ˮûŵĵطȻû˵ˮҲûʡ
Ǳ򸾣ˮűȥڻ֪ҪţһҶѾڱһʱˣѩŵġ
˵ȥû˵Ҫʲô𣿡
ˮѩŵϣܵõһ˿Ѱҵϣͻܶࡣ
ţҼˣ˵Ҫȥʲô
ѩŵͻȻϲ˵
ˮһ㶣Ҳѩŵ仰һЩ޵ĵطˮȴˣһҶΪͷˮ޵ԭ򣬵ȻڳΪ˾ͷˮˡ
һҶ;ͷˮǸֵĹеõ˴Уѩŵ˵ܻȥĺڱɡ
ˮоһҶΪеӦҪȥʲôɣȲ룬ҵ˵ɣ
С㣬Ǹڱɣ
ˮɻʵ
һ֪ģڱУʵκĵֻǱһβСĺڱС
ѩŵæ˵
ˮ뵽ĵͼϽóȥܿҵһܴĺ򣬶֣Ǳ
ڱĺ׻ߺˮɽϣҲɽģĵط˵;ĺţҺ;ݴ½ϵҲţֻºš
ѩŵѸٵ˵һЩĳʶʹ˵׾Ǻ˵еֻ࣬һЩдͨɣеѾһЩֻϻһЩ޵̬
Щˮ֣޶ͨ˵ˣǰǾĴڣһͨ˵Ҳоô֡
ǰˮѾˣһЩֲĺжףҲк߲ŮȴڣǴ˵еĴڣȴǺٺ٣ڵ滹Ǽٶûˡ
ˮῼ߼٣νֻҪʵǿˣҲûʲôҲǸʱпûʵֻ˵֪١
ȥȥ𣿡
ͨʱʵ
ȥٽĳǳذɣ֮취Ӧòôȥģȿ˵
ˮ˵
ţĺǿģֹ˴룬ǲκҲû˻ȥǣһ㲻ᵽ½˵Ҳ֪ûк³ġ
ѩŵƺȥ
ˮͼٽĳǳúͻʳǰŵģٺǡ
ֵǼ򵥣źء
ȻѡĿһֱٺǸȥܹһ߾Ǻܾãˮʹ˾еġ
֮ǰڵβһ֪һԾ͸ϸʱ䣬ཫһµʱڸϵٺǡ
һ·ͣ˺ܶطÿͣʱ̣ܶԲûзʲô飬ѩŵĹϵףµʱѩŵˮҲǺĬˡ
ѩŵˮǵɴ磬ˣˮǰѩŵãƺˮһֵֹţˣˣˮ֪һжΪһҶԭҲǰݼڣΪһҶԭѩŵˮˣԵĺˡ
ֱ˼Ҿ¥һֱ岻ۣҲۣɫҲˣɴ඼طϢˡ
ˮ˾ɶˣҲۣϾÿ춼ɾжȹϢ
ɾˮһ
ԴƳ֮ѾܾˣҲˣˮһ£ɹĻٹʱóӦúһһֽɡ
һᣬջ񣬿ʼ׼Ƴ˵ɣҪȻ󴢴棬Լӵиĵҩܶ˽ʱҪܶġ
ҩˮ̫ˣ۾ֻƵĵҩҪܸߣʧһʧܴܴ
Щʧˮеۣܵ˵ʧ𣬵ʧҲԸʧϾЩ޵ġ
׼úתϹǿһ죬״ָ̬Ѻ󣬲ó׼õĶ֮Ȫʥʯݹˮ߲ݡ
ƹǿģֻˮ֪еļѣȫעʶ۲ҩݵı仯һںϡ䡢ʱ䡣
ˮ˿⣬һ졭
أʱֱը¯ˣȻûը¯Ͼһҩ¯һҩ¯ֱӾըˡ
֮ǰ˺ܶ飬֪һβܳɹܳŵѾǺܴľϲˣʧܵʱǸоеϧе㲻ˬȫעԲȲϢ׷ˣ˵ֻΪɹ۾顣
ϢһſʼһһʧˣˮǸƣֱӿʼκãʧܡ
֪Ѿ¹ȥˣˮҩѾͷҩʧܣѾǵڶˡ
ͣˮڵϢһؽʧܣĿܾҩݵݲ߾ǷԣˮõķˣǲС
İ취Ҳǳѧõİ취ȻҩʦֻҪԼ취ͲҩȻ
ͬҩʦսеֻһɵɹʣеɡ˳ɡһȲͬˮϹӵʮϹҩʦ񼶰Ĵڡ
ˮһΣȻΪҩõȻַʽʧܵļʺܸߣһ㶼ȥԣԽĵҩԽû˳Ȼ

һˮˣĸо⹷յĲ𣬲ﻹǺܸ˵ģϾɹˣһȻķɵĵҩЧҪЩɵЧҪϲ١
˲ƣֱӴ򿪽¯¯ŽӲӵȻţǾϲͨȥ

ЧʣӱʵʮʵǧȫʵԵżӹЧЧЧ


1491 ٺǣ競ү
ÿֻ޷ʳʮţÿֻܷʳһšˮڵЧЧֻıʵȴʮıʵ֮ࡣ
Ҳһȴ࣬йϵˮżơ
ˮһֻҪƳɹĵҩƵʱûʧܹܶôƵĵҩ֪ǲϹǿ֮
ˮһϢһ£һֱɾǰͣȻֱӷʳĿš
Ϊˮıҩ
ֻǷʳʱ˵⣬ӦǺõɣÿӵʵԶԶڵҩ˵ʵ
ˮÿ˴Ŷʮıʵ⣬Ϊ˵ЧЧ
ԭ룬Ӧǲ˰ɣǰǶһ㣬Ҳֻ޵һ㡣
ˮһºͿȫʹʵĻͿǧʵ
Ҫ֪ˮڵıʵҲǧ㣬һ˲ķ֮һˮޱȵ⡣
⣬Ϊͨ͵޵ԭ򣬿忹ǿȵõ
ʱˮϴһ·ɾߵʱѾˣ˶ˡ
ˮֱͨþ¥ķԱʲôǳԷһϰߣÿٶԣڳԷϰߺܣҲ¿ڷȻԷҲԲ侫ģȻС
ǽʲôأ
緹ͨˮʵ
Ҫȥ򿴿Σ
ˮջͲסӣǰȥҲǿ
ǿ˵Ѿ۷Ĵڣ˵ЩҪֲˮھäĿȥĺ
һҶ費Ե޹ʵǰοѾȥһˣԼûбҪǰȥȵȵȣҲܼܿһҶ衣
ˮܸоһҶĴӦúͺʲôϵ˵ûǺ飬ȻǲųԼĵġ
ˮ˵ˣȻһֱűǰԽԽ䡣ٺǱĵش¶ȵ͵޷󣬱ǰĵطҪ
ĽǱ԰ѼӲʯͷѣ¥涼ǱʯֻһЩʯ֮࣬ĺȼﵽʮףǰǽһֻһߣһЩͽһЩͽǽڵĺȸǷ˼
ڲǺůͣˮסľ¥κһˮоߺΰĴڡ

ûжʱ͵˱򣬵Ȼʹ˾к
ˮʱһ㶡
һߵı򣬱˺ܶ࣬ô󺣲ǰҲˡ
źܶĴֻ洬֮ģɽɽˮˮ˵ɼǣǱš
ȻȫǳˮеĶĵطʺϺʳʲôģ֮صĵرҲǺܶģҰޡ޶ΪṩԴ
վںߣ峺ĺˮʵҲ޵ģǰȻʲôںҲ
½׵ʵǽкֻ˵ǰӸһ˵֪ġ
ֻǺȽأźϾ޴洬ÿ춼Ųࡢọ̇̄ˮ˲ˣûк
ǵĻشĬУûмҶ˵С
ˮ֪ʲʲôģôôˮȥѰһ˵Σ֣ҲǴ룬룬붼еΡ
ʱǲҪˣʵʵǿȥҲİһЩ
ˮѾˣţ躹ޣźߵҲһĳǳأкܶǿߺͼԸҲԸȥǡ
ʵǾٺǣֻǺǨڵĶλãٺǽš
һվСʱ⣬æµǣˮȻһϣˮź߲ԶһȺϣÿһôæµ
ˮ̧ͷգҲھ˿ԼԼϵϣָ뷨ûУΪͲء
ָҷˣ߰ɣҸӣǵҽҲҪҪҸ
ˮЦ˵ͷŲԶһȥ
ٺ֣
˵ٺ֣ʵеģƽҪ߳ףҲʮ
ߵǺܿµģǰָо
ǵķй֮޲Ҫǿܶ࣬ĺӱ뺷˵ҲǸӵǿ
ΪӦȻıܣԽǶӻֲԽǿ
˺Զﲢûʲô¥Ҫ߳ģ¥٣סԳԷֻ￪ҽƺҪԳˡ
ˮȱǮɾֻǮƾкܶ࣬Ǯʱ򲻶࣬ҪĶҲǮ򵽵ģǮֻܵǶͨ˵ǿߣǮûõĶ֮һ
ĸţߵĺΧһУһЩȤľͣ˵˵ЦЦҲͦڵġ
үǣ㿴Ǵ·ģ㿴ŮˣƯɣûƭүɣ
һͻأˮ͸оԸܵԷĿǿԼˣԷʱȷˡ
ˮ֪ӵˣÿǳжȱٵĴڣֻˮڻ֪Щ竵ʲô̶ȣûʱ竡
Χܶ˶ǺʶȤ߿ҪվԶԶģԷ˲ҲͶʮˣˮΧסˡ
мһӢ꣬˵Ӣе㲻ôʣӦǿΣǼ͸ף·ˮһ˫۾һ˿
޳ˮܸоһˣȴǿԺŮˣΨһȱûأ֫ķҲһŮˡ
˳ˮѾоʲôˣ˵˳ÿΡȱţȱ˵֮
ٺǻҵĶӣҲĻүżԼǲ츳ٺǵȦͷ
ٺǺܶ˱˵ǸˣҲ֪ôʹ競УĿʼе䣬ǿŮˣ˵Ϊ֤Ǹˡ
ٵȻˣȻеŮˣΪԭ˵ĹҲǿ󣬼ʵܺãԺܶŮ˾ȻưͣҲеηڻҵļ⻭Ҷټûʧ֡
Ůˣ뾡ְ취ҪŪ֣ˮԭ磬⻪ʵѾһֲˡ
λСǴʲôطģλӦòٺǵ˰ɡ
ε΢Ц˵
ٺǲˣ㶼ʶ𣿡
ˮĻҭİ˵ûк˵ʲô찡
ǰôү˵ģǰɣ
ʱߵͻȻ
ˮЦˣҲˡ


1492 ֪ׯ԰
Ҳˮ治£ȻٺǣǿٺǣˮҲ԰ıǮǱǿǰҲˮֵġ
ǰӵܾ͸ˣӵڼ˳ţȻҲΪӵܣǵ˾ǼǿһС
ӵһ˿ԣǱԼʵļҲԣӵҲҪʵӵǿǿʵʱ򣬼ƿ߻ԥӵܡ
ˮǸԼŵˣûʲô仯Ц˵һֻлʲô˻û˵ء
㡭үȥɱҳײ
кǸ˵
ﰵ⹷ҪԼ˼㣬Цãȥɱɣɱͱˡ
Ǹһ㶣óһǰʱ˵ٶñǰȥΪҸʵá
컪ͻȻ͸о겻˳ˣ˳˵һŽˮ

ܾצĴţˮһ˻ȥֹһӻˮĶˮǲġ
ɱҲˣʱɱһʵõİ취ʱһЩ˲ɱֻҪ£ɱҪá
ˮһŲ߶ȣԷԹҲ߻ȴǿԺúõĻţκãҲ·ѣСΪҲûˡ
Ҵһٵˣҿǳıӵˣ뿪ҾͲǻ١
ͻȻɫٴһߴ
Χ˶Զҡҡͷ
ƯŮⲻǻ𣿡
ǰǸˣ

һʱΧܶ˶Ϊˮϧ⻪Զڻҵǿ󣬴󲿷˶ǸŭԣҲɵӣǲҲȥǡ
ˣôˣʲôͷͷĻһ㶼ٺǵһЩǿţЩǿҲ˵ٵģֻ⼸ûͬѾת˰ˡ
ǲʲôƨٺûйϵûպ֣뿪Ҿ͵ʲôҲûз
ˮΧٺͶԷˡ
Ҵ򣡡
ŭˡ
Χˮȥٺǵ竣ߵĴʵҲСǳܱȵģȻһ
ߵҲݵˣ֣ѾˣȻˮͲ̤
žžž
Ҳʱ䣬һܼڶڵϷʹĲҽС
ˮߵ߶
־ŪңȻһҲŹġ
ž
һˮһϡ
Ҳ竣ûûƷλ竣֪֪ʱһ仰ͻļٲ֮أɵ㣬Ҳǰ
ˮһ⻺˵оˬ
ٺˣǰһᵽң֪ǻٵʱ򲻿ҲҪҵӣŻҵôоźҲ죬ľ͸оҵôܺá
ڱˮһˣԷ֪ǻٵʱ򻹸ҴǰЩ亹ֱϵʹûˣеֻĵ
ҵѵĿ˭ǵĻ˭ƽˣΪ˻ˣֱӼҷ̴á
弫ֱ̾ɱ
ٺûлҵǸŮ˽ϾܵˣҹѸû湻ܵһв
ôţҸɱ㣿
ˮЦֱ˻ٵһֻ첲
ţţ飬顣
ٴĽеȴˮɸƭȼץסԼһҪʬΡ
˵ɣΪʲôҪǰ
ˮЦż˵Ȼ֪ΪʲôҲţ˳ȵȻҵˣ֪ȥŪطҽݵģˣֿźüׯ԰ġ
ǿ٣ֵԣ
˵ǿǡ
ٻû˵꣬ˮŤһֻ첲ʱֱ˵ʵɫ԰ףһ·Ѿˮʪ͸
Ŷ㿴ǡ
ˮЦſŻ٣ټĴ˸ںܿ־壬ˮһ֣ԼԴˡ
ҲңҲˣ磬ƹҰɣ
ٶҪˡ
˲ˡ
ˮվһڻСһŲҲþݴ½һ̫ࡣ
ˣˮԥĳ֣Ѿ˲֪ŮˣԼҲˣȻǵԼҲûвֵˡ
ˮǿԶһ˹֪ǻҵˡ
һֱߵǰߣʱڵĺͺڹеһƴϾٺǻû˭ôӵġ
ˮվǰʮˣһ˶ǿˣǺǿԷðԼ㶫Ӧÿˡ
ǣٺôĴ򻪼ҵǲ̫ѻҷ˰ɣ
ߵͳ
߿ҲǸողеӣͷףŨüۣĶͷǡڣһڽ׵ݣ¶һ֮ɫ
߲ûֱ˵ʲôȸˮñӣ㵽ʱ˵ˣҲԼ֪飬ɲСҴ򻪼ҵκˡ
֮ǰѾѾˣֻ첲Ҳˡ
ǰ֮ôñӣǿˮڻʲô̬ȣͨЩԿԷʵ
ˮЦˣˣΪʲôҪѻҹϣǸʲôҸŵȻôĶ֪
붯ŭûУܵˮǿϢһʱе㲻֪롣
ƺѾܵ˾Բ򵥣ڲðʧЩʲôȻʱΪ»ˣɳܲ
ǻҲԣҲ֪һ岻ܷĶչ˵ɣʧʲôǶ⳥ٸѹѹ
ʱߵһ˿˵ˡ
ҲǻҵˣûʲôȨ۹ԶֻҪڣǼһЩݵ˶Ҫġ
˵ۡ
˵֮ǰǸһû˵֪ǰ˾Բ򵥣ȻߵĻǶ˵ˡ
ˣǳէͱ󸮵λӸŵòᣬɺ޵ľȻҪǵ⣬˵ҪɱҲΪɣ
ˮƽȴɢǿҵɱ
һ䣬ɱ̫ǿңǿߵϲɴŭĻʾȻҴǿŮ˵⣬ιȥһҪգһ꣬ʡ
ðãŭǸ⳥
ֱ㣬𡭡
ﻹûסֵͦġ
ˮ˵
õλһׯ԰ϣҪʹȥ
æ˵ȴڵѪ


1493 ţƸҽʦһ
ˮССûж˵ʲôվԼԺܳһʱӦҪһͺͻֵúܲ죬ԼӮҲ岻Ͼﶼųˡ
һһЩˣǴȥ˺ˮŲԶһׯ԰ȥ
õׯ԰ˮ֪һۿǧׯ԰ֻвԶһãŻϻǲƭģϾ߶ܿ
ׯ԰ǲ⡣
Ц
Ȼǿļһׯ԰ʲôׯ԰Ҳǻٺǵһرõׯ԰Ҫӡ
ʱӵѾСˣȻʱŰ裬ʱҲǴСģϾôǴЬġ
ԣ
ˮĻشһ飬Ҳ˿
ʲôҪͷӰæ𣿡
߿˵
ˮ˿ʱãȻȥɣʱȥǡ
ߵٴγ˳ЦúãǾȸˣʲôҡ
ﰵѻҵūˣڲʱǿҲˣϷһʬΡ
ˮҲûǣʱǳԿɱ˸ˬٳ˸ˣ֮ǰǸҲǣһׯ԰Ӧûûܲɡ
òҪԼ鷳Ȼ´Լ˵Ҳʮٱó⳥ˮڴǸûӵԼ鷳
ׯ԰治ܿӻҡ
ѩŵЦſˮ˵
ǣû˵ᷢʲô顣
ˮЦſѩŵ
ǰôҪôһׯ԰̫ˣҼҴҵʵ̫ˣҪȥҪϸʮġ
ѩŵ΢Ц˵
ˮҲֻ֪˵˵ûд𻰺һ𿴿Ѿǵׯ԰֮ǰѾһЩ֤ʲôĶˮ
ׯ԰ܴռزĶĻƽضýǮ򲻵ģׯ԰еʩһӦȫһֱûоסֻһЩɨչׯ԰
ôׯ԰ɽˮʲôǺȫһ¥رƯ
ҵˡ
ѩŵһСϲɫҲ׵¥˵
ͨҲѡһˮԼռһţֻѩŵм䣬¥п󣬲ٽֵһ޴¥ȥ
ٽֵһ¥Կ꣬ˮʵ￪ҽݣҽݰҩ֮࣬طˣǾŪڷһĴڡ
ˮǽһ߽ȥﶼװ޺õģװεĶǷȽװΣװεƾΪ˿߾¥ʲô
ˮ㿪¥Ϊŵľһ޴ľ¥һֻһҽݣҲҪ̫ʵҲûʲôҽȺ￪ҽݣˮҲԼҽݳΪ֪һˮ֪ҽˡ
ǿСҽݻǴҽݣ
Цˮ
㿴ĴСֻܿҽˣҽݲ÷ŵȣ֣ҽεͻӣҲҽβֻƸһЩҽʦˡ
ˮ˵
ǰȻҽεĴ󲿷ͨˣǰͶҽҲҽεġ
һˮǸȻһЩͷҲҪһЩԼõĶԼʲôǲȱǮҲҪǮһֹأơ
زģȥҽʦأ˵һЩҽʦסҲǸҪҽʦ
˵
ˮȷʵܴ󣬵Ҳ࣬ˮ£ǰҽԺжҽʵһҽԺҽҲûж٣ҪǻʿʲôĶ࣬ˮҶʮҽʦһЩԱҪһЩ
ҩ֮ʲôĲóˮɾܶ࣬һҩݿԽҲֱɾֲڲ̫һҲͼʱ͹ˡ
С̿źܼ򵥣ҲҪһЩͬ⣬ÿ½һЩǮͿˣˮãƻҵ̿Ųþ˭ͬɡ
óһЩҩݣʲôֱӺͼϣˮǾһЩҽտҽʦҲһЩһģһЩ֢ԼڣһԼͲֻ֣ҽһЩĲˡ
Ǯð£ˮֱſһŴƸҽֱӹҹ֤ÿٶǮҽε˶࣬õǮԽ࣬ȫɣʲôֻҪҽԣһнпܡ
ƸȥһʱǰһӣеǣҲеήңֲɣĸоһֺܸɾĸо
ˮʱһ㶣û뵽︺ôᣬˮڰ£򵥵˵Լ
˵ֽһٺǵˣһˣѾܾûҽιˣ˵ĽҲܼ򵥡
ˮԷҽҪһЩķ˻شĺܾ٣ˮо˵ҽ
˺ƽû¶мҲûвͷɫˮԽĸо˵Ĳһָо
һİַҲǿ󣬱ѻҲѷɫ٣ҪˮͨԷܵһЩ
ǰǸΪˣֻûˣˮоӵӦúйϵ
ǰӦһ߰ɣ
ˮ˵
ʶ𣿡
һһ𵫻˵
ˮ֪һߵôҪһߣΪҲǱҪҪߵΪҪҪ
ʶҲһҽߣ벻ָΪ
ˮЦſˡ
ҵһ𣬲ŵĿˮĻԼǲˣָΪ˶ٴΣԸһлָΪһߣȻˮڵʵʲôһǿߣһ𾴣źܳԪһˣͻȻûˣǴġ
˵ԻָҵΪ
һȷʵ
ǵģ
ˮ϶Ļش
Ǹˣֱ˵ֻҪָܻҵΪҿΪκ飬Ҫҵԡ
ˮЦЦҿ԰ָٺǵʱ䣬Ҫҽʦ
һһ㶣Ҳ̫˰ɣŵĿˮʵˮָܻܲԼʵԼǺ˽ģ˺ܶҽʦԼҲҽʦָϣã
ֻ֮ǰҲǺ£ܾûһֱǸ֮ǱʶľˣֱڲܲκԼ
ȷָܻҵʵ
ܲһ֪ˣҽָʵڽһ
ˮ˵顣
ˮĻ϶ڳ鶯ֻǼģе˵֮ǰ˵ԶֻҪõңɽ𺣾޶
ˮЦŵͷҽˮ˵ֻС˼Իһ㲻ҽʦҲֵˣȻһ˵ֱĶݣ쿪ۣˡ
ҽκܼҲ˳һʱʱͺˣ˼ߣָˣʵʧȥΪǰʵ
ָʵһݹĸо֮оȻᣬô˭֪ٴζһ֮ʧȥΪ


1494 ţʵ
һŻعˮһּ㣬΢Ц˵л֪ҸʲôмĻͲ˵ˡҽУΪҲ˵ùȥٺǵˣܲҵһЩסҽȥˣģ⡣
ˮЦ˵
ģ֮һ쵽
һ˵

һˣðˣҽҪţҪһʱ䣬ˮǿʼ׼ҪĶ
һ˶ʮҽʦˮƽȻǿ˭ȣһҽµģҪ֪һڵҽѾ൱ǿˡ
ˮ⣬һһҽʦˣˮʲô˶֡
ˮǴ֣Ǯ͵ҩҩѡӯõǮܳɱ֮ˮ԰ֻ֣ҪǮĻӯȫԵõҩݺ͵ҩˮǾԱǮ㡣
ЩҽʦҲΪˣҽʦûΪôҽҲֻܺˣЩҲʵΪ
һ˾һЩ㹻ˣ绹ͨ࣬Ϊʰٱǧ򱶵ļ١
οҽݻǺܶģõҽæ¿źܳһʱ䶼ҪĻۣοˮҲҽݶôĴ죬һһɵ̬ġ
ˮǾãҩ飬ˮֻѩŵͨˮҽһ顣
ҩȽϼ򵥣ҵ˾ͿˣֻҪÿ۵Ȼܶ࣬ͻֻԣȳԡ
ЩˮǺŵģۻҲǴзһЩضˣܴеõһЩ޴ջ
ӰˮĺܶöǴͨõһջ񣬺οҪ黹ҩ
ͨÿҲǴ󲿷ʱÿܳһʱһЩѲ˵ˮеʱ䶼ϣϾɾʱãȻ̫ˡ
һܺÿˣˮ˭Ҳû֪ͨ˭Ҳ࣬ҲûǰҲ᲻ˬȴûκθо
ԺŻһõǸʱԼԲ˿ӣһ쿪һ㶼ѵģ˲࣬Ҳ
ѳҩѳԷЩĶΪÿŻһԲľš
ֻһ죬ȴЩ˴󱥿ڸкܶ඼ͨˣ֪Ժûлˣˮһһӣƾӿÿӣѵġ
ҲˮûжˣҶͨ˵ԭ򣬵ڶЩ֪Щļ۸һ¶˼ɫΪֻҪǽÿ쵽תȥӾͿһһ£Ȼͨ˵ˮ׼
ˮҲ˵ˣΪ˰ȫֱʵʵƣҪǮֱӿ԰ÿĶһǮҲΪǵȫ
ӣˮȥ²οȥһǮҲںҪЩ˸Ʒء
ȵӪҵʱˮðζŪƮǧ֮⣬һ²֪㲻ľ˺ܶˣ粻ȱˣҲȱǮˣǰձҪԣܶ࣬ΪԴȱԭԼҼҶддǮֻǶ⡣
һ÷˺ܴĺ䶯ϵһЩ˵֪һҽĳˡ
Ӿһ˵òã˵õĻǾǺãټһЩǰҽεˮۺܵͣ׬ˣҲ淢ʲôƣ˿ѣҩȴҪʮٱǮ
ˮǳ𸻣߶ͣ׬ͨˡ˵ǮĲ̲飬ˮҲҪЩǮˣЩҲһЩˡ
ôҽΣĿںţȻҲﵽЧ桢ԼһЩǿԪΪһ²ʱüٺǣǰٺǵĶҲǺܶĽ
һµʱ䣬ˮҲʹˣʵﵽǧһ㣬ϴεھŵ쾭֮ͨʵʹﵽǧڴﵽǧһ㣬ʵѾﵽһЩ
ˮ˵ѾֲܿˣϾͱж಻ͬķ׺͵޵´ﵽʮοˮ
ǱˮҲ㹻ʱһԴʵϸս⻷󷨺һԴӿֲ
ЩˮٿˣԼԺõˣҪΪԼߵ˴һЩԺҵ屶ҩ߱߼ĵҩĻǾ͸ˬˡ
߲ʵûʲôҲˮ֪ˣֻʵܱ֤˵İȫʵҪӸоԼѾһʵˣʵǶ˵ġ
һµʱ䣬õӰѾСһˮоһЩʱѩŵ˽
һѩµѩŵҲõһصĴڣܶٺǵ׷ɲʲô˶ܿϵģȻҲܴӴķʽˡ
һһ˿嵭ˣһЩ䣬ʸӵˣٺǵſӽŮˡ
򰡣ҵǸˡ
ѩŵѾʼˮˣұǰ𾴶ˣתˮҲų⣬ҲãΪѾŮ֮飬ҲΪһҶԭˮŮ֮顣
һҶдǱʶųˮҪʲôΪоһҶиС
ˣҲгˣȥ
ˮЦЦ߳˷䡣
ٺǵĴ壬𻪼ֻǿֻԱȽϵ͵һЩҵ˶ôÿһǿߡ
ˡ
ˮæվˮ
ˮһ뵽գջɽǾ͸Цˡ
˿Ǻϣܾװ࣬ȴ־һĸоһֱĸо
֪ǰΪ¡
ˮҲЦŵĴкʾ¡
βȻҾԲװ׳ֵġ
˵
˵˵ɣ˭Ҫβʲô֢״
ˮˣ֪Ӧˣ˾ϲѸ˵ҴĶӣ˴鼹Ҳ˻Ҳܵص˺
ˮ΢΢üҴҵˣǶԷ˭᲻ԷʵЩҪǵġ
ģҴӵЩѾҰƽˡ
æ˵
ðɣҾȥɣһκá
ˮЦ˵
ֻҪ־УΣעģһǻشлġ
˵
Ư˵Ĳģ֪һôлԼǲŪԼģлĶԱԼҪá


1495 һŲرͼ
ҲٺϣֻǾҪԶһ㣬˵治ʲôҲͰʱʱ䡣ˮһǵԳ֣ǰγֶΪͨˣһǼӵĸף磬һ˴ĸ۵ĲˣҲ꣬Сֻꡣ
ˮκ˲סŮǸĸеģΪİãʱӡ
﷿Ҳ٣ˮǱһʥĸ֮ȾˣȻôҲΪչˡ
ˣӰˣˮѯŮֱ֮һΪʦһҲܿĵĴӦˣˮʲôῪĵĴӦҾܵá
Ů˺ܸмˮȻҲƯ֪ˮûκεķǷֻ룬ˮĴΪֻΪˮЩ顣
ˮǮҪˮҲûǿ󣬷гкҲ鷳Ů˽̵ҽݣʲôëѩŵż
ͨųɻûжûûкӣŮ˵ļӳöŮˣǻĺܣСǸСѾͷܶ¡
һˮԳֵһͷһ˵֣κ뿪ˣһУߵʱˮһЩ
ˮʲôúˣҲúˣƻƵĲ㣬ҲһЩ˵ĳɷ֣ˮѡ񲻹Ů˺ļӣﲻʲôʱԶһĲȻΪʲôҪԼźء
ܿ͵ҵׯ԰𻪼͵ׯ԰Ҳѷɫ٣ׯ԰ҪСһ㣬ҵ٣ҲһЩ¥

ˮȥ׾߽һСׯԺУ˲٣еҡ
ܱǸϷΪ
ٿɣ
֮ĽһҶȡϧޡ
ϵһ˿ϧΡ
һ˱ҩׯ԰ſ˳ͬʱ߳Ļһˣеˡ
ã
΢ЦŴк
үˣ
˴к뿪ˡ
ˣܻˣλǣ
̾˵
߱Ϣӻ񣬶һ˵ĸоеá
磬õҽġ
æ˵Ȼˮܡ
Ҵ磬ء
ˮٴһ£ֵܵ־Ȼأֻǲ֪ûɽֵֻܵƺˣӦϴġ
ҽãŴллǰ
ǿװЦ
ǰκ˿бģÿûбҲǲġ
ˮЦ˵һ䡣
һһ㶣ǵһֱô˵ģЦ˵Ӧõġ
ˮ߽䣬һɴ̱ǵҩζ˱Ƕˮüҡҡͷû˵ʲôؿ
ҽʲô𣿡
ˮûϴصĻǿϵĻˣһȥҲֲ˶ʱˣµԪ
ûʲôԣֻʱѣѾûˣ£аµʱ䡣
ˮʱ˵
Ѿ֪ˣĶӾ壬ϧڳ׷ͺڷԹ˼飬̾һӷ·˺ܶࡣ
а취κҶ𡣡
ʵûбϣЩʱ䣬ҵҽʦҩʦûһǧҲа˰٣޲ߣȥβǼˮ
ҲǻңЦŵͷУ
һ£ſˮа취Ҷӣ
ȻҴ˵ٻܿͻ֪ġ
ˮȻˣȻҪˡ
ˮͰҴˣҵһˮ֮Ͳһңִļ壬ˮҲͲˣǶԷó㹻˵ı꣬ˮҲȫκöԷ
ˮ֣Ȼûκ⣬ȻϻָѾѹѾǰ͡
һʱˮ֣úõһºͿԻָ
زŵĿˮҽʦٸǸԼ̵ģû뵽ȻκԼĶӡ
ҽҽ
֮ϲޱȵ˵һҽжػ֪ġ
Ҹ뿪ˡ
ˮЦ˵仰ԣҾˣǲӦøˡ
ʱæ˵֪һĶϣ㿴Σ
ݸˮһƤһͼ
һŲرͼ


1496 Ĳʣӳҡ
ȻһŲرͼˮҲһ㶣ȻݵĲرͼֻҪرͼڣؾͲᶪʧΪرĵطҪرܽȥ
ȻرڣǾ˵ػڣˮǣһ˭õرͼȥȥѰұصģṰˣˮɲűͼǸյõûжûûüѰҡ
ˮЦ˵ŲرͼĵصҲ֪̫գҲðգҲܺͱ˺Ȼٺǻеʵ٣һֻ͵òʧˣҽһҽкܶԸΪµġ
صĻԣʵҲʵˮЦŴ򿪲رͼĵص㣬ڱߵɽС
ɽһ޴ɽȻ󣬵˱һɽһ֣˵Ĵڡ
ڤ㣬Ϊ֮󣬲֪伸ǧҲΪΪ֪֮ǧҲŭɣ֮ơҲͽڤڤߣҲ
ׯû˵ڤж󣬵ȻһͲ֪伸ǧˮ֮ƴǲġһڱ˶ޱȵĴ㣻ɵһֻһҲǸȻ̫ɽ֮ƣһޱߵ硣ˮǧҷҡϾơ
˵Ĵ˿ѷɫĴڣǰˮ˵ʱоһֱô󣬵ھݣˮĴڣʶǸɫŮˣɫǧףıɽȻеţˮо֮һ˰ɣ
λþɽˮоԷԳԹȻ˭ðѲرͼˣˮںﻹǺܿĵģϾҲǰҲŲرͼ֮еһűͼõǿ
ˮرͼЦ˵ҾͲˡ
ӦõģԺٲҪ鷳õҵֱӿڣֻҪܰ쵽Ļƴǡ
ǡô˵Լֳ߶ã˻Ҳо̫ġ
ˮЦŵͷ뿪ˣϵֻҪóԼĶĶǲֵģϾҪֻЩвһЩԼĶԴ

Ѿ죬ӰҲԽԽÿ춼һЩߴǰԹʳɫߡ
ˮԵıǰ̵ջҲСһЩǿһʱ䲻ҲŮһ
Ҳ£ήҲʲôĸõĶÿ˹ƣȵȵã˾ûУ봢Ҳܵģ뵹͸ܣǽԼǵתֳȥ
ѾΪһصĴڣ˺ܲˬ绪һ֣ңʱһʲô
֣Ԫ֣Ҳˣȥٺûеλˡ
߿һϵ˵
õ޿ɵֵģϵܣҿ˰ɡ
̾˵
˰ɣһҵĺŪһ˵Ķ涼֪ˣһҵǸ鰡
ߺߡ
ϵܣ˵䲻ĻǸ˶ٴӦֻ֪ηڻû˵ʲôʵûҵĴиԶһ㡣
֣Ԫҡҡͷ˵
Ҳģ֣Ҫҡ
߲ĵĿ֣Ԫ
ЩûбҪԼԶ֣ҪԼƵ
֣ԪһŻ˵
ֵ˼ǣ
֪֣Ԫǻ۳𻪼λӻǣܶʱ򶼲ó־ܰѶأ赶ɱĿǳ뻯ˡ
ٺǵһ壬ǸĸʵֻҪ֪˭ǿ󣬶Ҫһ£Ϊ棬ϵܿ̽һ£ʱԽ磬ڱ
֣Ԫ˵
ôأ
ʵ
һֱϲӳɲֻҪĸ˺Ůߵ΢㣬ʹŭۣӳɲĸ׵һֲֹܳʱˣѲˣֻҪӳǰȥΣκˣӳɲһˮмӳɲٺǺ͵۶һŮʱһᷢʲô
֣Ԫһ˵û߸оǳС
ָ߼׼
סҺȫͻභ̵úٹϵˣǿɾΪ˺ˡ
֣Ԫѵ
ַģ֪ôΪӳɲʲô鶼óҿٺǰļ壬мһ˺ܶࡣ
뿪ˡ
ˮ֪ڰ°㣬˭ۣǲ˿ֵġ
õԽԽãˡҽʥ֡ĳ͵ĶŲˣˣûǮĲҪǮҩЩǰѰˮҲܾ
ˮ۾ǿԿԷǲƭӣƭӾ뷨ҴǴȥ˾
һһ£ˮһֱû뿪ٺǣҩãŲرͼˮûжڻʱҪ֣ںٺԼ۶һЩûǣ֣ûбҪھðա
һˮںСѾѾ棬СѾѾǸŮСһŮһ㣬һ˴ͽܣڽ̵ϴʱҲһš
ֻССѾͷڣׯ԰һ棬ˮһֻڰչֻҪûΣվͲҪ֡
壬ʲô
СѾѾ֮һϵһֻѻĵʵ
СѾѾ۾ƯĴ۾ˮоƽҲԼĺӣԴǰѻ
Ϊʲôϰ
Ϊܷɡ
ܷ𣿡

СѾѾ˽Ľ׶Σʲô棬ʲô֪ھһŰֽܲκ۹ʱߵҪĵĸ
ˮСѾͷ˼άЦСʱĬĬ
и㣬˵ӳġ
ѩŵһܼҡ
ӳң
ˮɻӳԼ뵽ԼľԵģܿӦܲ¡
ˮ֪ӳңٺǣӳҾļ壬ڵ۶ӦҲǳǿĴڣӳҵϳٺǣļԼǺ»ǻ£
ˮΪǻ£˵ʵھӳļ壬ˮҲǶôǣڸоԼٻеԱġ
ȥ
ˮЦ˵
ûаվƵҾ˵ûڣƹغܶࡣ
ѩŵ˵
İɣô۸Ҳ۸Ǿ͸øеˡ
ˮЦ˵
ҲǣôЩһֱŽ۸ˣЩ˸۸
ѩŵЦЦһ˵
ˮҡҡͷǧԪȥ
ѩŵˮӰֹ治ԼŮ
˵ԼЦˣȻСѾѾһȥ


1497 ӳ壬ٺңӳɲ
ڿѾվһˣ˿࣬أˮϸһ˿еЦæ˹Ϊû뵽ҽôᡣ
ǣ
ˮЦŴк
㿴Ҷҽˣҽӳ㣬ҽ֪ҽûпա
˿˵
ˮ˵ʱһԾΪҸ˵ʵģǲСҲǺܴ󣬵ʵȴǺǿﵽ˲ʵ
ʵӳҲǺܾȣΪܲˮʵˮʵоģǺǿûʲôΪһоԷɲ⡣
ܲ˵˵ʲô֢״
ˮ˵
ҽЦҶ֪үʲô֢״
ӳ΢΢ҡҡͷ
ãȥ
ˮ˵ӳٺǵĴңһⶼԿˮԼܲƶԷֻϣҪǻ
ʱκˣǵһˡ
ӳλٺǵһҪԶһ㣬˵벻ʲô
ÿûжãԶﰡ
˳ӳӳҷȥ
˰
ˮЦ
ǰɣ˵ʲôĵǱˣҿֱһӵļǮǰˡ
ӳЦſˮ
һּǮһֻǮûǻǮ˺㣬ûиоס
ˮЦ˵
ҽھҲ츳ץסԵˡ
ӳȤ
һһʼ⣬ǺʵϣһּǮһֻͻȻһٻģܱˣҶȥһ˴ƽΧ˷׷Ч£ֺֺڣг˵Ǽٻʱֿһңֻʵ⣬ǰ壬ֻǰˮĻ󡣡
ˮЦż򵥵˵һǰĵʡ
ãҽһĺܺá
ӳ˵
ˮҡҡͷ˵£Ҿֻ˵˵
ҽǫˣ
ˮûкϾһЩٺǵ飬ˮʵ⡣
ϧõĻشҲǲ϶ģӳʵҲֻ˵ǿߵĻҲ˵ŲžͿÿ˵ķӦˡ
ˮеţϵ͹ˣʲôܵģ뵽Լһζӱҵ𰸣о³ˡ
ˮӳҵʱŸоʲôɣ𻪼Լׯ԰Ҫɶˣӳҵׯ԰ˮϵˣˮоġ
ǰЩʹӳҵׯ԰˺ܶ࣬ûʣҪǽ֮ʾ˵
Σһϣֻ˵ûʺʩ̫ˣõĽ·ġ
ҽ룡
ӳſٴο˵
ˮЦŵͷһ߽ӳҡ
ûжԶһˣ˺ӳе񣬲ҪСһ㣬ӳæ߹
߸磡
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ˮʵҲһ㶣Ϊ˾ǣû뵽ôˣֻǲ֪Щ˶ʲôͥ飿
ҽ£ҵĸףЩǵҵֵܽãϴӳ
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Ӻݣվ˵ӺݹȻ˸оȴֲ£ݣ˵覴õǷֿǺһǾµ޿ޡ
ˮһǾɫŮ˱ŮͼϵŮҲѷɫʲôŮ˺ζһ˵ζ
ǰˮһЩռеԸȴǿƽɨĴк
Ů˶ˮ̬ҲǺܺ棬ȴûκα仯ǼˣûƽģԺյ˫ջǿΪٺһӱҲѷɫ١
ܸܵˮƽװΪԼע⣬˶˼ά֣Ҳֻ̨ŮĮһŮƯҲֵ뷨
һܣˮ֪ЩѪһˣԼӳβǺӵġ
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ˮ˵
ˮĻһҪֻ֪֪ˣǶҩʦӳǾһûצϻϲΪʵڣ˭Ҳ֪ΪӲ
Ůһ㶣ˮ֮ǰѾͨӳ֪ЩŮ֪ʲô֢״ҪȷܾҪ˭Ҳ֪ǲԼŮΪ֪ûһôα֪ء
ֻһβ֪ΪʲôŮˣˮףҲס
Ȼҽ֪ʲô취𣿡
ӳЦ
үѵ֪Լô𣿡
ˮе㸴ӵ˵
һ㶣˼ǣ
һֶɫζҪζһؼλöס˾ųɾš
ˮ˵
߻ħһˣӦòǶɣ
۾ϬĿˮ
ˮ֪˵˼Ͼܸ¶˲࣬ˮ֮ǰǲǵŮ˵ģҲ£Ծֱ˵ˡ
ҪֶûһЩģЦ˵ˣЩҿǵķΧֻ˼ңȻ¶¸ĶԷǵ֮˼ӦܲµʲôˣϾԵ޹ʵĸү¶ġ
˵κң
˾ȵ˵
ֻҪпڣҾܰӹŹ
ˮЦ˵óһЩʲôġ
ˮ仰ɢһ˵˵һǿԭҽҲ˵ôĻԣɢϢǰ
Ҳһ㶣ˮϿ˼¶ţ˵ҽѾﵽָ߶ȡ
˼ңҽεʱеۣҪŪľѶسȥȻٰϡ
ˮƽ˵
ƽΧ˰˶˾޴ˮˣŪϾٽϡ


1498 ĲŮֵ
ҽûɣŪϾٽϣ
ʱǸӳɲŮ˿˵˵
ûУôң
ˮЦſ񼶱ŮˣŮ˾ԳƵϻ
Ů˳ĬˣȻˮҰҵľŪϣɲԸȽһ¡
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һˮȴǿԸܵ˵Ŀĺͳ硣
ҲаҪĻҿѰ㡣
ˮ˵ûٿŮ˶ǿߡ
ˮ仰һ˼ǣθ߿ɲѵġ
үڻԺڣΪҽҲ㱣֤ʲôֻᾡ㻹Ҫ𣿡
ˮ뿴ߵǱж
ҪС飬ֵܼľԲ࣬ϾǶϵߵΪͺǰȸȾκһ˭ô
ţһ£˵ġ
ȴǺˬЦˡ

ӳɲĽһ
߰ڰ֣ʾŮӲҪ˵΢΢ҡҡͷ
ҽϣκҵ
ӳɲˮ˵ƽˮĿƺһֲζ
ӳСƬТĲɼһᱣүƽµġ
ˮЦ˵
仰Ůֶ쵰Ȼϣ棬Ҳûа취׾ûܸı䣬θܰԼЩ˽ߣǾǾֻҪҽʦ˵ֻ֢Ҫ˵ΣֻһɵϣҲҪԡ
εĹúܶ˶Ƿ˼ˮֱýضߵľҧ촽԰ʾʹࡣ
ӳûзκˮƽľǹɿȻٰ߽Ͼ
Ӿˮ֮ʵõʱܳߵĶŮһǽ֣Ҫ֪ҲǵĶ
ʱʱˮͣʵԸ㣬ҲۣܵʱӵĿ̹ġ
ҵôˣ
Ѿİˣˮͣӳɲæ˵ҲǵĵĿ
ҲһӺͻȥҩһˡ
ˮóһҩݸӳɲ
ӳɲӹͷæȥҩˡ
һ̵ʱ˵ĳ֮ӳ۾ƣȴǹβסľϲ
ллҽܸоˣǲ˼飬Ҽǿҽ
˿ĵ˵
һ˶ˣĿԽ׵Ĳ֮ǰʲô֪֪˺ܶǿҽʦҩʦ޲ߣȴˡ
˵ʲôǿЩ˶һҽѾԽǣҽ
ҽ񼶵ҽʦ
ʱӳɲѾҩվһߣˮҩʵÿˮ忪Ϳԣһӵʱ㹻ˣӳǵĻӳɲ˼ɣһοһһ۹⣬Ȼİӡ
һµʱòҪֵʹԪһºͿȫָҸ뿪ˡ
ˮЦ˵
仰Ҳڸǣýҩˡ
Ȼҩѿɲͨҩѡ
ɲɣ˳ѱ
ӳǿ֪ҽľ޴֮ǰ֪ôŮվһ˵ĺг˼һܴٳ⵹Ҳһ׮£һμѻ
ˮһ㶣ͷŮ͸ҰɣŮȻû뷨
ӳɲ֪뷨֪᲻ս
ˮǱȥӳɲˮ˳ȥ
κҸףҪôл㡣
ӳɲ˵ڻ治֪ôлˮ֪ˮҽѰĶǲῴġ
ӳҵĳأѵҪǲһӦ
ˮͻȻͷζĿ
ˮ˵֪ӳҵҪʲôĻԼȡʲôһ治ȡʲô
ӳɲһΪ֮ǰˮ˵ʱ˫۾һ˵ǿƻһ־޺ռС
κҸףֻҪģͲܾҪҵҲġ
ӳɲ˵
ӳǾôһŮŮ飬ζ˰ȹ٣һĹӳɲܸмףҪиҪԭ
ʵӳǵŮĸӳǵŮˣӳҲ֪ŮϾĸǼʱѾµˡ
һ֪һеģ׺ӳǰ˰֮ĸ״ӳңʣûжþˣͳӳǵŮĸףǶܺãһֱΪӳɲ֪ʵѾ֪ˣ֪ˡ
ҲΪʲôӳУӳǾĸףԸһֱۣиסĸסֳиůļҡ
һлˮ˵ģԲ˵Ļ
ҵŮˣ𲻴Ӧ
ˮЦˣ֪ŮǸȻġ
ӳɲһˮĿе䣬Ȼ󻺻˵ܻ𣿡
ܣҵŮˣҲŮˣʲôʱʱҪ˯
ˮԼоеа
Ůòɱˮʲô⻹Ůˡ
Ůֱӳȥ˵˵ʲôҶӦ㡣
ǴӦһǵڶ
ˮЦʵ
ŮƲĿ⣬˵ѡڶ
ˮһ㶣þǿŮˡ
ӣˮֻǿЦģʼֻǲϲŮ˵̬ȣû뵽ͿĵزԼҽһЩ˵飬֮ǰ۹ʲôҲ˵ˡ
ˮɫʲô룬ˣҡҡͷˣסӦҵĻˡ
ӳɲһ㶣Ѿ챻ַˣû뵽Լ뿪е㿪ģƺе˵ʧ䡣
ˮߵûκβᣬͷҲûأƺûһȤĿˮʧӰ
Ѿͷôá
ʱһӳɲͷӳǣе㲻˼˵뵽ˣåӻ쵰
åҵľåå峺ȥ￴֪ǸʲôˣһŮ˴ĸӣͼκλرΣҩڸȴẠ̊́ܿʮٱǺõģ˵߶͡ţЩ߻߸ΪβóһУҪҪǮ̵һξȫҲѡһҪǮҪȻⶼЩĻˣǺˣֻҪǮҪ׼ɡ
ӳʵѾͶˡ
ӳɲжˮֺ棬һʲôˣ֮ǰƺоǸ˲ĶȤΪʲôҪԼ
ԼӦˣȴǲû붯Լߵôĸɴ࣬ûһ˿ᣬԼ𡭡
ȥÿ


1499 ﱻˣɪңɵ
ˮʵͦƵģôͺͿĳˣɴ౨ҲҪˣ뿪Ⱦ˵ɣ

صõʱʵҲѩŵˮЦô
ãûòµĲ
ˮѾҲϰԼˡ
Ҳôȱ˳ĺÿ
ѩŵЦȻ߿ˡ
ˮӣҡҡͷҲЦˡ
СѾѾֺѩŵߵʱСѾѾˮﶺСѾѾ档
ûжãѩŵæ˽ˮֻ˵һ仰ˮһӳ졣
ﱻ˴ˣ
ǸŮˣСѾѾĸףĸӵǸĸ͵Ůˣɫҩˮһ
Ҫ嶯Էɪˡ
ѩŵæѵ
ҲС
ˮ˵仰ֱȥ
һỤ̊ү˾ʹˣôΪҪǸ𣿡
̫
һߵָһʮ˵
үϵġ
ȶ֣𣿡
֮ǰݣǣʱĵҲʮĴˣ̴ٸЩ˻һȺá
үĸһŮһ֪ôϰҲ˵ʲô
һ㿡εߵһ˵
ʹڵϣļ򱻴ĹۣҲһ⣬ЩүŮȻϧ񣬵Ҳֱ֣ҪҲҪǾ
￴ˣͨվǰ棬סԷѩŵȥˮôϾٺǣɪҸһֲĴڡ
ͨ飬Ҫˮ£ˮҲڣͨѾˣöԷ뿪ġ
ôǣŲûΪҽ
ʱмĿͨ
ͨȻõս񴫳УʱԭʵǺǿرٺǵЩ壬òһ㣬ֻܿˮˡ
ʱˮӰڴҲûпЩˣֱ߹ȥ
ôˣ
ˮߵǰ
˼飬Ҳˡ
̾ŭ˵
Ҹ鷳ˡ
԰ǸĿˮ
ˮΧ˼£Цû鷳ҿǰ㵱׽ģ˭۸㡣
ˮŮһ˵УҲ׵ӰӣһΰĸӰӣв£ʥĸһΰĸס
ƻˮоԼľܴܵӰ죬һһֱػĶˤһһʧ
ôʱ䣬СѾѾмСӣԼһˣˮŮ˵ɽ㣬ȻŮһֱˮˮҪĿڣǲͬ⡣
ʲô֪֪ү˭
ʱߵǸֿʼˡ
ϸ磬Ѹղ˵Ǹ˸Ҵӳȥ
ˮͷҲص˵
ҿ˭ң
ŭˣɪүߵﲻǷţȻ˸ǰôţˡ
鷳ϸɪүĸ첲Ҵ飬ã
ˮóһ˵
ͨȻȻ޹˼ɣֱӳ֣֮ǰǸŵһĳȥֱӺߡ
ȻſǸɪүЩ궼һЩӵܣʵͨ˱Ǹ֣ˮԼͨǾ
꣡

žž
ء
ǴǸɪүļҽеʱֱӴ죬һʣµֱӱտڲҷˣɪհģɪٶˣ֮ǰǸŵֱˣǻˡ
õŮ̶мĵطŮ̲ϣĵطԲΪһŮ̵Щġ
ȻˮĽ㣬Ҷ֪ǵ¶޽ͷһˣοôʱ䣬ˮ˶ǺܺãûпκˣԻǰ쵽
Ǻ񱳺ǿ󣬲Ҫ嶯ȻҲԲ
ﵣǵĿˮ
㣬úˣʲôҲŹǡ
ˮŭˡ
ŮůǷˮ̫ˡ
ѩŵﱧˮֱӽʣµ֫öϣȻһ֪ĻɪҺܿͻǰ
ɪүѾԹȥˣˮһͨҲڣѩŵȥչˡ
ܶǻͳô˻뿪ˣкܶ֪龭󣬺ܶ˶վˮһߡ
ˮܶ˶ǿܲһǿҽʦŲɹƵڸɪҵ˶ˣõ˿ɲûӵˣǾֻһܣòɪҡ
Сʱ֮һˣʮ߽ãͷǼˣڿ龰ʱɫҩγˮһ
ˮվͷûУûпЩˡ
˭õ£˰Щ˴ȥ
˵
ҿ˭ܴǻȥ
ˮʱվ˹ȥҲûжԶ˼Զ
õ˰ɣ֪ûУ˴ˡ
˿ˮ˵
ѩ׵ͷѩ׵ĺ룬ʱѿһɱ
˭أ
ˮм˵
ʱźúÿˮ˵ôأ
öҽ㶯ֶţǴҽļ򣬻һ⣬˵Ҫô
ˮЦ˵
һͷɪҺʲô֪ı˭֪ˮ˵ģһῴˮɪͷļ壬֪ô
ôɪҰˣô
ˮˡ
ˮ˵ɫ֮ҲͲ̸ʲô𾴲ˣּûбҪΪ˼һ嶼ûС
ƺҲ˼ɣʹϻ¶һְƺ̫ÿˮûʵĻǼüգҪʱԼղ֣ѿġ
ںɪҵӣˣԼܼӵүүˣһ档
˭Ҷӣȫң
˵˭˭
һʮ˽Ϊ׵һˣһɪүĲ֮󣬺һ˫۾ĺ˭ɵģ˭ɵģվ
ˮüĹ࣬ҹȥ
ʲôȵġ
˻ͷˮ

ˮŭˣӰһΣһȻˮٶ̫ˣ˲ִٽУˮܡ
ˮȵվһֱӱˮɱΪϲȻĸףɴۣ˭ˮصĴۡ
ֳһӾֹˣǰ𣬵ɪҲˣˮɱˣⳡìܻϲܵˡ


1500 飬Լսӳɲ
һ΢ˣˮôҲǳ嶯ٺЩʱˣﵽһЩĲæײ˸Ųܵˮİ
һˮҽʥֵģһЩʷͲˮеºóְæˮǷ飬Ҫ֪һǿҽʦܾǼֹ
˭֪ծѻģ
Ѿɪս飬𣿡
ʼ˵
ˮڲĿˣ»ڻܿǵɪƵ˿ϡ
սҲãҲã϶ǻ˵ģֻҪˮܣ˭ҲӣȻɪ˼ˣɪսˡ
ܣΪʲôܣ󣬱֮ϡ
ˮ˵
ãߣ
һˮûǣһɪߵĸɸɾģûָ糣ܶٴã˭Ҳ֪õҲ򵥡
ϵܣ֮ǰ
ͨе㲻˼˵
ϸĶԣʱƥ֮²ȡźǶԿаգȻֻһַʽˡ
ͨ˿Цŵͷˮļ򣺡ʱҪѪԣЩ̣ЩΪ鲻Ϊȫ
ֻ֪ڼң֪ô㲻ڣҲ۸ġ
ͨ˵
֪ͨǰˮĹǵģҲ˭ǿߵ磬Ϊȡ
ߣȥȥ
Ȼһ˵磬ҪüСһ֪ˡ
ã
һæ˵
֮ǰˮѾҩˣͨˣϺˮҲǿģѾˣ֮ǰ̫ˣһʱܺá
ָô鷳
̾кԼ
㣬Ϊʲô㲻ܰǵɵܵһ
ˮ΢Ц˵
ûǸʸʲôҲﲻ㡭
̾ˮ˰̫ˣԼԼļӹƶҪȥһˡ
ΪʲôҪô룬ѵֻ֮ΪܲѵоֻܳΪҽ𣿡
ˮȻ΢Цſ
һ㶣ҲǣôᣬȱǮг˵ҽȱʲôأЩͽͽ᲻ϡ
һʱ䷢ǰ̫ڲͬˮ˵һ˵治ˡ
ûɵģôҶԽʲôͼ
ˮЦЦ˵
ҡҡͷҪʲôԸ㣬ҵǰģϧҷԼûʲôͼġ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôһеĸоϿĸ׵Ӱӣһΰĸףһΰĸʥģʲô߹Ե֣ΪʲôأʵôƽϣԼĸܣһζܰʲôܰʲô
ˮʵû˵Ů˺ĺһָоһϵϴӣǿΪľȴ־ĸоϲָо
ŮаȴǺŮ֮İûκһϵһֵİҲһֲ
ʵѰ㵱׵ˡ
￴ˮ˵·ĵЦݡ
Ȼû˵ʵ˼ѾˣˮúˣõӣʲôҲûУܿͻȥġ
ڶˮÿʱ򣬿һϤӰòͣˮһ㶣߹ȥ档
ӳɲ
Ϥ˾Ȼӳɲʱڽζĳӣˮ΢΢ͷȥˮ
ˮСŮ̬ŪһһָоǺԣ̬ĺˡ
ôǲ̲סˣˡ
ˮЦ
ӳɲһΪʲôԱôãȴҪң
ˮƺе㾧Өٴ˵ҲͰˣ㲻ˣΪʲôҪߣʲô㡣
ӳɲ˵ˮߣΧ˶ǾȵĿǡ
ˮΧЦЦǼԣȴǱӳɲԺ
ǿûӳɲӳҴС㣬ٺ͵۶һŮ
Ҿ˵ôƯԭӳɲҿˡ
û뵽ҽô󣬾Ȼӳɲ㿴˶ǣˡ
ֹǣ֣ܵĳɷֹϵܲһ㰡ҲҽӳС㡣

ӳɲһˮһ߾ͺˣߵԺʱоеﻢµĸо˲ԼߣѵԼһУ
ͷˮһ˿Ц˦ˮ֡
ˣС㣬֮ǰĻû˵֮ǰ˵ǼҲϣǸô˵Ҳκ㸸ףǳƽ˺òã˭ҲǷ˭
ˮҡҡͷԼǣŮ֮С
оԼĸ鹻ˣȻߵŮ˶ʶ壬ƺǢˮ֪ʵֻмϵܺãʵԸһˮһԸ棬ˮʱĻȥ
뵽ЩˮҲһͷˮѧڡɽǵ˷ݣҲһҲҪŰǧġ
žԶˡ
ӳɲƺҲû뵽ˮô˵ȸˣʧ䣬ΪԼô˵ҲŵĸԼʲôԼҲܷ˭Ӧ˱ˡ
޶ԵģӳɲһλԼǲǲƯ
ң
ӳɲˮ
ûУ
ҲƯ𣿡
ƯƯ
ˮ϶˵
㲻ϲŮˡ
ӳɲĿˮ
ˮǸƣݺݵĵһۣǲǲ㲻
ˮһѺᱧֱԼķȥ
쵰å
ӳɲˣϾǸһ˱ţҽֻţⲻǰãǿ鰡
ҴˣŹҰɣ
ˣˣ˰ɡ
ʲô˰ɣ̫ǿ˰ɣ֤һ°ɡ
ˮʱڻ̧ͷҶ˻Բ̵ͦϡ
ӳɲδ£ŮһЩ黹֪һЩģ֪ԼʲôıסˮˮҶ
ˮһ࣬ǻԲʹһƣԶӳɲһ
һƶʱͷġôɿ𣿡
ˮЦ˵
Ǹ쵰
ӳɲˮһҧȥ
İ

ӳɲͨͨģ޲ɷһ޵ŮʲôʱôСˡ
ˣ˵ɣǲҵġ
ˮЦ˵аѹȥ
иģˮһûκθŮ˷ϵϵҪΪԷǰ˵Ϊįôָ֮Ӽį
Ҳˮħķ˹ϵ֮Ҳᾡȫ׷󣬳ԼҲûźˣƶˣ˸Ľ֣ˮȥӳɲģ֮ǰҲŻѡ


1501 ٺһ
ӳɲ˿ǳ׷ˮͻȻֺ֮ĹϵǰҪ˺ܶ࣬˺ܶࡣ
ûкκߵĽһ㣬ȴû뵽ϡͿľͳˣ֪Լ֪ҴĶŮһûҪûС
ӳҺǿ󣬲һҲȫȥ˵ļʺܴǸŮһٺ͵۶ĵһŮ
֪Լ֪֮һѾѵˣҲΪһβŻҽʦһЩĦ
Ů˵˼ʱתֻһ˲䣬ΪһСӴһŮ֮ǰŮϵһ㣬ԿĿһЩ
˵ҲʲôеŮر⡣
ˮоӳɲǴŮǿߣ֮ǰҲŻһ΢ֵ飬Ͼһ˱ôɣʲôʵڲˬ
ɣ˵ʲô
ˮһ裬ҲԼһ衣
ӳɲӹ豭Ҳûл˵İӺÿҲóԣţҳԹõĶ
ˮʣʵǰҲ̫ģɴҲͲˣЦҲȱǮԾͳ԰
СɪԼûаա
ӳɲһתת档
Ҳ֪
ˮҡҡͷ˵оӦû̫ġ
֪㻹ܣ
ӳɲ˵
˭˵֪Ͳܽˣʵκξ˫жһ֪ȻͲʧܵһˣҪ˵ʲô͹˶Էʵ
ˮЦ˵
Ůһ㶣ˮ˵Ļһģ˵ǿʶ
ˮЦЦôҵˣĪϲˡ
㣬ʶģҪǿκҸףҲô㡣
ӳɲ˵ֺˮһʱĲ٣šŭ
úãллСģôǲҪҡ
ˮں˵
ߣҿһҲģаգһӻˮ˾ԲԿġ
ӳɲŲЦˡ
Ů˵̬ӦǺǿģôѾĶԸˮָķˡ
ˮҲģһоԼŮԵ㲻ǰ˵ʵߴȱŮˣֻе鵽
ǰһЩԹⱧԹǣԹŮʲôģʵλһ룬ûһʵ˵ЩСʵСҲʵһʵȱŮԵģ糪衢
﷿Ӻö࣬һɲԣ
ӳɲˮʵ
㻹סȥ
ˮЦˡ
нܽסҵļԡ
ӳɲˮһۣһˮоŮζʮ㡣
ѡһɣһ˵ǰ棬Ҫʲô뷨
˵һվ
ӳɲ֪ˮ仰ʲô˼Ҳû˵ֻЦЦ
ڶˮһԼ飬úɪԼѾѸٵĴţɪҵҲãٺǲܱȵġ
Ժܶ˶ָɪңˮЩֻЦЦõĺôǧָζܣҲǱ֮
ǰ˵ߵ£һ˵ȻЩ˰ﲻʲôֱӵæվһ
ˮֱȻ֮ǰֱ֮֮һãӵԼԽ࣬ԼĺȻԽǿ
Ȼ޼᲻ݣԼĹʵӣԵطһЩԵֵԷʲôġ
ȻˮڵĺȻûˣ߲ʵɢĺȻ֮ǰĺȻɢĺȻ֪ǿ˶ٱ
Ҳԭˮ˳һЩֶǲʧģϾˣԷмһӡ
ϻ˶࣬ǻҲиģãҧһڵʵģкܶȲѣǱ¶öԷлɳ˵Ķ
ٽʱˮߵõĴͷֱȥͷһߴӢӡ
߸˧
ˮһӾ뵽ǰһʣоٺʲˣӺ⣬ϵЦݺˣˮоҲʲôëˮоŮ˵ϲ
ҽɣҽ壬ܸʶ㡣
΢Цˮ˵
ۣٺһӰ
̫ÿˣ
һǾٵҽÿ
ٺһӿɲֻǺÿô򵥵ģ˵ʵֲġ

һʱޱȣٺˣ̫ˣûмˣҲǶ֡
ˮҲһ㶣ȻҲ֣ûʲôоǰܶ˶ʲôģˮƺûⷽİãһӲ˭ˡ
ˮЦ֣ãˮ
ֻһˮ֣˵ҽѧϵҲǺҶˣûȤһ棿
ˮ˵ٺһӲиӵĳƺţѧǿ֣һʱһûѹķͷ
ˮҲû뵽һμ棬ڶ仰Ƕһ
˼һ顣
ˮҡҡͷһɾ֡
˫һ˿ȣȻˮĪˣ
²ʲôϵ𣿡
ˮЦˡ
㲻ұԣӳСԶһ㡣
΢Цţ˵ĻȷʵӲ
ˮˣԷǰͼԭΪӳɲģúõ˵ˮϾˮ֮ǰоӺܲҲûжӳɲʲô뷨ȷʵܷһС
ã뿪ﲻӭ㡣
ˮЦӻ֣ϲӬһ
ôңǲˣ˾˵ķʽӮ뿪ˣ㲻ҪپӳС㡣
Ц˵
ǲ˲˵˵Ϳˣ˺ҲˣУûôĺԣҲûǸʱ䣬Ҫң߰ɣ
ˮڶһҲûкøС
٣˰ɣǸαôִأӳСǲῴ
ߵһ˵
ˮһ̧һӵĻ˵Ҫ۵ģôϲǾһɣ
һһʹžûˣͻȻоտյģûһоûǶһ
ӻˣ뵽Էҽʦҽʦɱ˲ѪҲõķʽһӳһ亹ʲôʲô
˵ֻţԹһ
ղŶʲôָ
ָܻˣҲָ
ˮЦ˵꣬תҪȥ
ŲҰΪƽء
̹ǣˮˣʲôʱܹ
㣬һҽ죬Ҫﵱ˹
ˮֹסŲƽ˵


1502 սĴУ£
ˮһֳ̱ǿţҲִò´ˮ
һΧ˶סˣһʱúܰڿо׼ʱ·ϾõĻҪܳȥеѾʼˡ
ֲܺɪԼ治֪֪̣Ǻҳȥֻҿɲܱ֤õá
ﻢµ˵
ʱӳɲ˽һֱߵˮߣȻ壺߰ɣ˵ٱ飬Ҳϲ㡣
ɲﲻãΪʲôͲܸһᣬ˵ﲻãҿԸġ
ӳɲǰһ֮ǰƣһֻСһ
鲻ǿǿһҲ֣ȻΪʲôҪǿء
ӳɲҡҡͷĮȻ˵
ǲϲˣ˭ɲĿһ㡣
˵仰ʱˮ
ûϲ˹ʲô飬˵һ飬Ҳϲ㣬㻹ҪҲûˡ
ӳɲǧ
ǲϲ
ָˮ˵
ˮڸоǲϲ˶ɵôɵʳʲô˼ӳɲܻش
ӳɲ̧ͷûκ˼飬Ȼ󻺻תͷĻӣȻֱ߿ˡ
һĳȵ׵ĸоͻȻˮ㣬ҵɲҪɱ㡣
ˮҲģˣôǿٺһô¶ҪŻ
ˮоһֵĿܱȽϴʱѾһٽˣȻڷʶѾе㲻ˡ
ʵٺǺܶ˶֪ϲӳɲҲһֱΪֻԼӳɲҲȷʵ㣬ٺһҲ˵
ˮų壬ֶԷĹû˿ң˼һ֪ٺһֻǴԼֶѡ
ٺһӻеĻģΪҶˣˮˣΪˡ
ˮܣ־ˣʵˮʤ֮䣬ˮһ֮ˣôҽ֮ͻܵӰ졣
ҲǴú̡
ˮӰһȥûл֣Ź֮ⷽҲǺֲܿģοһʼ˶ûʹȫ
ӣоǺһŮһȻˡ
ˮֻ֣ǳԼŭ
ҲֻǹԽԽ󣬾ˮΧһΧھŹ֮ڣֻҪŹѣΧĽû¡
ҲˮｻֵԭˮɲöԷøŪˡ
оԼһ֮һͻȻӴ˺üƺѹصĶٿˮ̹Ȼɫ֪漼Ƿ򶨲װģ֪Լ˶ˣѪҺȴǷ
ˮԼ彫ƵſȻֱһкݵýԷƳȥҲųȥȻֱŸ߿ȥ
ʵҲˮɫĳȥУˮܺսѾˣûбҪٵá
ǿ
嵽߿պˮ˵
Ҳ֪ΪʲôҪҴˣ֪᲻ᱻأ
ˮ塣
Ҳ̫Сˣôģߵ졣
ˮҡҡͷ׼ˣҪˡ
˵ó˻ƽսꪣ
һȻŹֵ˵ǻƽսĺ˻ǵõ˻ƽսĴУ
ˮһ㶣һûзϤĸоüʵҪ𣿡
ΪҵõսĴС
Цſˮ
ֲҶܲսϢ򲻴򣿡
ˮЦˡ
ʲôƽսսͷˣŰ취Ʒսġ
ε˵
սĻԻ͡
ţ֪֪ôսһˣӳɲҲȥˡ
˵ʱеĻ䡣
ӳɲˣټΪӳɲˮ֮ϵͬһ㣬Ȼ˼ãڸϵԲ
˭Һйϵˣ
ˮЦ˵
ѵ㲻ϲӳɲҿϲ㡣
ɬ˵
Һǵڶμ棬ں֮ʲôϵҲûУҲʲôϵԺҾͲ֪ˣϲҪүǣ֮ǰ˵ʵŮ˾С
ˮҡҡͷЦ
忴ˮ֪֮ˮǿЦоϲˮΪʲôϲӳɲоû˲ϲġ
ллһŬġ
˵ˡ
ûбҪлңϲŮҲֵģŮ˺Ͱ鲻õģҪľöԷϲ㣬ˣԼоɡ
ˮҡҡͷ
ţ֪Ҫ̫ںˣǸֻϵܰҿɲסһ䷿ⶼԡ
ٺЦ˵
Ҳϵˣֱӻֺˡ
ˮЦ˵
ãǾ㺰ɣϵܶԣ߻źǸӡ
ƺϵ顣
㣬ԼȥһͿˡ
ˮҡҡͷһȥ˵Цܶ࿴ֵ˶ơ
ƵԶֵĻˣڱúҶһģû뵽Ľ֣ȻǰԻƺϵһӱֵܻףΪ𡭡
˭Ҳ֪ʲôӳɲҲǲ֪ĿˣֻͨƺܵʲôȷǺս񣬺ǹϵܺõġ
뿪źԺȥ˭Ҳû˵
ɲǲǺ֡
΢Ц˵
ӳɲûİһۣоƺˣҲ֪ˡ
ȴǱˣˮӰ죬ҲˮǼ仰ͻȻһҲͻȻ˺ܶණ̬Ҳ΢ı仯ඥҲһ־
ܸмˮͻȻоӳɲǰҲǿˡ
ȷʵ԰ıǮνԣڿˣо鲻ǰôˣ׷ӳɲоôˡ
ʵˮʧɢֵܣղŲ֪ġ
ˮһ飬Ҳû˵ʲô

ӳɲ˵
Ŷ˵ˣǸ֪֪ս񰡣
˵
Զս˵һЩ
Һˮǵõս񴫳еˣŶϸҲǡ
Ц˵лӳɲ˵ˣô˵ҲΪԼӵɫˡ
ӳɲٿˮ֪ͨ˵ģҲ֪ΪʲôԳΪٺһˡ
ܺã˵̫ˣˣŮĶǺ֣һ׷ԽŵŮλãôԿ϶˵ǲһŮҵˣһˡ
һʼ˾ûаԼƽȵλãȻûпܣƽȵģֻƽȲܲ飬˰̬ŵ̫ͣŮ˸оԷ䲻Լ߸оʩᣬ۰ҲǽƽȵĻϵġ
ˮӳɲĺܰ䣬ֻܲߵһ𣬾ͿǵԵˣˮҪһҶ裬Ҫ׷̨ɽŮ񡭡


1503 ϵս
ˮҲҲ֪ô룬ҲӳɲϲԼôϲһ˵ĻҲôˡ壬ˮо׷ӳɲҲô׵ģϾ׷ô꣬׷׷ˡ
ǰˮһ˺ͶﲻһһԼϲô뾡һа취õκΰ鲻һŮ˲ϲԼ뾡취Ҳ֣ŬҲԼ֣ǾͲҪǿԷϲԼôҪþһŬ
Ҳ˵˲ΪԷϲǸشܼ򵥣˰
˵ҲҪʵҲǰģŮ˲ᣬŮûϲˣоŮ˻ᰮԼ߷˹ϵ
ʲôҲûзҪǾеˡ
Ҳסÿ˶һ¥󣬵ǶһׯԺУסõĻֶ˲١
ٺһסãҺõҽƺϵܺãʲôϵҶֻ֪ܲ²⡣
ȻᵽɪҺõԼٺǲǿļ壬ҲǰɪҲǴңͻȻˮãɪе㱻
Ϊҵĵλܸߣ˵رĸߣһ̶ϿҵľɪеͶ
ٺʱ䲻ͻȻסһӳҴС㣬סһٺһӣɪô
սѾˣٺǶ֪ɪҺԼڱϣɪҲսôɪҵǳˣˣǼˣֱӲսǾû壬ѾԵˡ
սһҪսģֻǲ֪ӳҺһ᲻Ҳսأ
ɪһ˳˼
ҵʵƣûаɱһɪҲջ֪ʲôҲãڵڸһǿİ֣Ҳû֡
½иĵĹ涨Լսһ㲻Ұ֣Ҳԣֻսǰ˵һ£û˵ǾǲҰ֡
ӳɲȻҲ֪ɪԼõ飬ˮҪ𣬻ʱ䣬üˡ
ˮҡҡͷãӦÿӦˡ
ȺŹˮ£һҲԣ˵ĺ⻹Ǹмģӳɲ˵ˣ˵
Ϊս񴫳лս󶼻һָо֪ô£ôĴڡ
֪ǵõս񴫳֮Ͼֵһս񴫳дģӡġ

һʱ䵽Լӣһɽ˺½ȱˣʢУ֪ԼһǿߵԼĶˡ
̫Ѿ⣬еĺƺɢһ㣬Ҳֻһָоٺǵ³궼ǺܵͣԶǱ硣
ˮѾվ˱һƫƧλãΧ˼򵥵ԻɪҵҲ͵ˣ˲࣬õ˶˲١
Լûвеģ˫ԼЭ̡
ʱһĹȥٽ͵ʱɪҵһ߳ڱϿա
ǿɪȥˣõôûжء
˵ǿ󣬻ɪǿ󡣡
ɪұϾǴ壬ձֻҽĻƺѡ
ôôǿ󣬰˵Ӧǿġ
˴½һЩҽĲǵܴﵽġ
Ҳǣ֪Һӳһ᲻֣
Ӧòɣ˭֪ء

ˮһڿУһγ˵ĲԶ˲û˵ˮĳڴ˳һɧ
ҽ֧㣡
ҶҪƽսҲ˲ǡ
÷â̫¶ɪҺģҪúýѵһãЩΪе㱾¾Ͳ֪ߵغ񡣡
ĸ˵˵ģվ
վ

鵽ôزҲ˵ˣɪҰˣɪܣɪҵĲԣѾܵĳͷǽһδԼ㿴Σ
˻˵赭дİ֮ǰƵᣬҲܵĳͷϡ
˷ûʲôеĴܷȻ˵ˣǾʹһԼɣ֪ô򣿡
ˮЦ˵
Σʤ
˵
ɣվֻҪӮңӮΣ
ˮɴ˵
˵һ飬û˵ʲô֮ĻͷȻҲġ
Ե˵ʴȾǶԼĲ̣Ӧõġ
ˮ˵
ܿ죬ˮǰһˣͣһɵ·Ʈϵ˸ое㲻̣ɢȴ䡣
˵˫ۺһѷذףˮڿ˵Ƿ豹һûʲôΪ˲һĹԭǹϬϢǲʧġ
˵һȣһ˵ʲɫȣһֵ廨ߣ׳Ҳȼ廨߿˺ܲ
һɹɵϢɢ¡
ˮ廨ߣĶˮĲô֪Ҳܴ⣬Сûдġ
룡
˵Ǹɴֻ࣬ϸ䡣
ˮƽսꪣͷ룡
˵ҲֱˮӰ̸϶죬ӰȴǶ䣬·ʱѾĸӰһֵķλˮϢ÷һ״ɢϢȴʵģһģһ
ˮЦˣС֮ͨ¾Сġ
ˮɫ˵ʵڱˮҪǿһ㣬Ȼˮûκμӳֵ£ˮԲκμӳֵ״̬¶ԶԸǿһʵ
ˡ
ʽ

һʼˮȫѹơ
ǸȶԷʵǿһ㣬ȴȫѹƣѹŴ

ž
˻˻
ˮĻƽսꪴǸ͸ֱӽնϣ廨Ҳûб⣬սʱ廨߶͵ϮˮͷŶҺϧˮɢһɰˡ
նϵ廨߷˻˻ĲҽУ˻һر
û˾͸ˮĶˣûһ͸ȥû䣬Ѿˡ
ҽӮˣȻϹֶҽĶ֡
ϹɪҲǺеλģû뵽ҽô׾ˡ
ҽȻҽԼǾ˵սʤİգҲ²ҽһʤ󡣡

ˮվڿУûгʤ׷ԷˣҲˣûмµʱǺò˵ģһܶԺʵźܴӰ죬ͻƾͺˡ
˺ʵ
ˮǰٴγһˣֵģ棬ǹ΢Цһ͸оֺԵˡ
ϵʵҲǿʼɣ
ˮЦ˵
ǾͿʼɡ
˵óһ˫ӣгֻޡ
ˮ˵˫ӣ۵ĻɫϸĻ֪ɫԽԽǲ͸һɲϢ


1504 ʤ
ǿˮŵԶŵϢǿҵɱ⣬Ѵմ˲˵Ѫɣ
ֻҲԶ֣ǳףãʯһرۣ޴ͷ­ɢϬ׺֮
ˮܵ˵ʵѾԽԼһֹѾﵽ˳ʵˮҲô
ս⣡
ս⻷

˲ϣʹ˵ʵһЩˮûԷ˵ˮǿǿ͹ʽϻƽսꪡ

ˮ̤Ź˳ȥһ޴˫Ҳˮȥ

ϵĴˮͿµٶԼ̫ж֮Ժվƽ֡
ֻҪסˮӮο˵Ĺ˺ˮˮ԰Ǯ
ʽ
ѾʮˣƽսꪵĴ͸ûг֣ˮȷϵԷ˵ǶԴе졣
ۣ
һݷˮǾ޴ĴϱƽսһһĿӣûд͸
ԷĴ㹻ǿ󣬲ȻһԽⴸӽķ飬ֻһûдͨĶʹѾöԷĵѪˣ˫ӾȴǱһӣ޶Ҳ޵ĵط
ŭˣˮҲ֮ǰЦ棬ĺܿ죬յķ·Ҫγˮһ㡣
ɫɱ
˫һɬĶΧһƬɫĵش濴һжûдһ㡣
ˮ۾ʶôһ
ɫ彫ΧĻɫɢˮΪΧʮ֮ûκλɫ
Ź
ˮֱӽһƬþŹ֣ھŹ֮ףɴСȻи޶ȵģԷ͵Ϯ㹻ˡ
ȥɣ
Ѹһ
˵ͻȻ֣һ˫޴Ļɫһֲ˼ٶˮȥ
ѸһˮǾŹԭټˮĿٶȣ˵Ĺ

ˮĻƽս׼ȷĴǴ֮ϣûгֻƽսꪴ͸ԡ
ˮֻƻƽսںŶԴӵʱִ͸ļƺ˺ܶ࣬ӦúĲйϵ
ƽս꪿Ժκεȼִ͸봩͸ĻӦûܵͣҴ͸ӦҲޣҪβܻٻһӷϵ棬Ȼƽս޵ˡ
𣡺
޴ֻ޴ĽˮǽеǿޣˮȥſһƬɫҺ塣
ⶫſµĸ£ȴǺʯһĴڣǻɽҽӿ£һ㱳Ŷסˣ⻹Ҫֲ

ľˮ𣬻˽ˮгˣһƵĻͿһͬʱˮĻҲŽ޳ȥ

Ҫˮ֮ڶԵеʱʹÿƶԷս
𡭡
ˮĻÿһγȥһѪۣŽ޵ĲҽУϾˮʵҪ߳ޣпƵԭÿһιýܵСĴˡ
˵ĹȻûˮǿҲСÿһαҲýʹĺУ˵Ĺ׼ˮ޴ĵط
ˮûгޣѾˣҪȫ¶ԼʵȻǰսʤԷȻҪóȫȻʱھˡ
ˮ̵ģǿĿٺǣڱ̫ˣеֿһ
Ѫ٣
ˮ׼ᣬֱͷѪ٣Ѫɫ޴ֱӽֻסĵҲȥѪٵȴǿֲޱȵġ
ֻ޴Ľ޷Ѫȴ˿ţŽ޵ûûҲᱻѪ
ˮӰߵһͻӵͬʱŹҲ֡
Ѿо֣Ѿоսʤĸоǿҡ
׷
ٴζˣеѴӷ·һȫסˮȥ
ˮЦˣսȻˣ˵Ĺûвսľ磬ˮоκ˲ˮеʱս
ʽ
ָ
ˮѾڳԽָָڽʽУѾСгɾˣʹǿĴסҽ˱Ƶˡ
㲻ҵĶ֡
ˮ³֡
ǵδأҪ׼ˡ
ս˫һȻ˵
Ҫƴ
ˮˡ
ԣ
һƬ㡣
ˮͷ˫ս˻ƽսꪡ
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ת
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˵ȻֱӰһģͻȻˮǰһɲ˵Ϣֱѹˮ۾붯彩ֱޱȡ
ˮǰʹתʹҲֻǶ㿪ԴеĻƽսꪵסһֻӣʣµһֻȴǴĿڡ
һֻһˮЩΣ󳷵˲䣬ˮȻš
βţ
дޱȵһš
ʹһʱʵѾֻʣһɵǱɱһöԾܵţǿѹֱ֮öԷãһ֪ɱ˶ˣܶ඼Ǳǿߡ
һȴʧЧˣʧЧĴ۾ʣµʵɣˮһӡ˵Ŀڡ
أ
˱߷ɣˣֻӴ˳ȥ
ɫɱɢȥֻʣˮһˡûκεı仯ûиˣֻƽվ
޺ˣ
ҽǿɪˡ
ϧ޺ʹ˻ɫɱȻԿ޺ôġ
㿴޺ؿڵǸӡȥĽӡӦǱġ
ôǿ߱

Ѿˣˮ˵ֻҪܴУһΣȻ֮ǰû˵עսöעѾʧˡ
Ȼûжעȴöע˭Ӯֻв֪ˣɪǴ壬ٺƼ壬ɪӮĶࡣ
弸վ濴ˮһɫ죬ͨҲ֪ˮʵȴ֪޺ʵٺһӮ޺ġ
ܴƽǺ
ӳɲ𾪲壬ӳɲǿֻǿ޺ıɱǿǶ޺ûκʤ㡣
ֻҲˮȥ
ɪҸóˣһսˣôϳ
ʲôҽϢһ£ѵɪҴսսˣͶѼˡ
һɪҲ֪˭ȥӦǸǿߡ
ϻһβɪٺǿɾͲûˡ


1505 һģ棬ɱһ
ˮվڿУģڵȣڵɪˣֻǵֵ˳ڿеʱ˶һ£Ȼˡ
Ϊɪȥĸˡ
ɪҲ̫ҪˣΪʲôɪҵȫȥ
ǣǰսҲˣھȻҪȺŹ
Ҳ˵֮ǰûй涨һһҲԶȥ˰
ʲôûй涨Ϊҽвˣҽ룬Щ̫ˡ

ʵɪҵľٶˮҲһ㶣ȻĿŵĸˣҲģǿĸˡ
ĸ˵ɫƽûܵ۵˿Ӱ죬վˮǰм˳
˺ܲϣһɫӣһѪȡ
ˣɪҶǰˣ鲻һĸϲĺ棿
˵һֿ͸̬⡣
˼ңҲΪʲôҪôѵҵʵֵĸÿһǿ
ˮܺ棬̬ȴǺƽ
ʵûǿ󣬵ȴһδ֪ʵսҪԶԶʵ̬ңڶûаǷҲоһǰܶʤ١
̾˵
󣬵Ҳ˵Ļ˶ޱȣɪҵĺ档
˭ٺҲǶ֮ˣɪҵһǲʵģڲˣˮ۾ȻôߣһϣΪʲô
˼ҿ۸ñӣ֪һսлĻǻ᲻ɱҡ
ˮЦʵ
ˮ׼˵˼֪ץסһɱԼģھǿôش
˺֣ҵҲ֡
˻˵˼ȷˡ
ˮͷȻҲá
ϵǰѣ
ʱͨӳɲҲ
ҡҡͷȻкǿ󣬵⼸ˣ϶ǱɱķݣЦ˵ԼУҼ;Ϳˡ
ǿӳҵĴС㣬ٺһӡ
ҺӳҿõĹϵһ㰡
ǰֻΪʲôûпҺӳ˳
ҽԼܶԸˣû˵ĻֶһҽĶ֡
ϺĻҲţҽ㿴𣿡
ֳˣҽʵĺǿ˵ҽûаӦԷһġ

ˮվڿóƽսꪣȴ˻΢Цг޺͵ޣĶûг
ˮгֻ޵ʱ򣬺˵ɫһ䣬˲ͻָ۾΢΢ƺʲô
ʱˮĵҩι£֮ǰǽȣųԽݼ޵ķųԽڽϬսֲܿġ
޸ǲ˵ˣӰĴڣ޺͵ʵĿֲȻٶһԲһô򵥡
ʼɣ
ˮ֮ǰѾԼʵת㣬һսʱ䲻ܽԷܣˮʱ䣬ϵʱԽԼԽ
˻ӻ֣˳ɲվˮͷ
Źλ
ˮ˿⣬ֱھŹ֮УͬʱֻʶǴﵽϣӳǿʵ
ĸ˶һѳѪȣ·ɫȴǸͬͬʱӶѪȣһѪɫϽ˰
𽣣
ˮһ̧һ𽣼ֱѪɫϡ
ž
һˮϵˣȻһ̧һѪٳֱӽѪɫγɵѪ˹ס
ֻǻûüͷѪɫ״ϷǿҵѪ⣬ѪٵɫӵѪžͿѪٱɣ·ʧһ
ˮдһֱջѪ١
ϫӡ
֮Ϸ·һӳΪһǾˣˮһӣǧ׸ߵľѪȥ
顭
޴ϧˮ˹ȥ֮Ѫ˿仯ҲûУˮͿѪһµٶײһʶ
ˮ󾪣һ
֮
ѸٳԼǰ
ԣ
޴ײ󣬵޶ײˣˮпĵǵûܵ˿˺ġѪһۡ
ˮ۾һ޹ޱԼȻлĻǿԹġ
ҪľǴȴֲ󷨵ͨɱӦиʱƣʵʵֲ̫ˡ
Ź
Ѹӣӣ

ӡ
׷
ˮҲûãʹ˵
ɽ
ˮźˣʱҲûƽսꪽйˮžŹ棬޺޵ˮӿֲײײʱ򻹿Խй
ˮе֪漸ӵƣѪǺһͨɱѪɫ磡
ֻһӵʱ䣬˵ʵĶʱںںһ룬ȫںϣǿķ
ãʱֻģ˻Ǹܵ˺֪ܶ࣬һǸˣΪ֮ǰʵͻȻ½˺ܶ࣬Ҳڶ档
ʵʱ򲢲ֲģֲһЩδֶ֪Σ濴ֻޣһһСȴֻͷֵޡ
ʱһһεĹȥһıѪըˣĸ˻ǳɲվţõˮֲš
һˮԼٶȺ;Ź޵赲ȱһɣȻһֶ޷ֵ
ĸ˽һ޺͵޳ȥʣµĺһˮȥ
ˮһгޡ軹ͷ룬Ȼ˲һ󷨣ǱŹλ֡
Źŵơ
ǰӶ˶٣ҧҧˮٴγ˹ȥ
̤֮ս
ˮһ߳һԵĶ˹ȥ
ʽ
ˮƾŹѸٵ˳ȥٶȿ磬ĿϾ
Ѫӣ
ӰһΣ΢ɾĺףеĳѪǰһӣ˲һѪӳǰţţһǿɢ
ɽ
ɽ䵽ˮ£ɽڽ𣬵ֲпƣԽУѪˮɽơ
ѹ
ϧɽޣˮ̤žɽٴźȥ
׻
һһֱ޳ȥ
Ѫ٣
ˮֱʹѪ٣סѪٳ˹֮⣬ԵһȻ޼ź
Žȥϧ˲ŭ֪ޣпܵľֻϡ
˼ôʱˮȴͻȻɱ˻Źһγ֡
׻
׻
ʱˮĻƽսꪻ˵Ĳӡ
һ̫ͻȻˣǺ涼㶵ģ޴ӷӦ


1506 ޳ɱ
һʵ̫ˣ˲ţƽսûзһ˿һѪ

ֳһƬ˲ţ˭Ҳû뵽ˮͻȻնɱˣľ׷ɱ޺͵޵һţһ˱˺۰ϵһ⣬Сȥ
޺ϬرǶԸ֮Ѫޣȴһ㣬ٶģ޿ɱٶȿ죬߲ģһģ޾Ҫͱ޻ˡ
޿ٶȣڵޱϾʵޣٶȱȲεߣֻֻܱҪлͻᷢĹ
ˮɱһˣоѹٲ٣ٿʱƽúѾʼΪʲôôˡ
ƺѾ˽֣֪̣뿴̣̫ˣһųѪˮ
ɽţ
ӰѪȴ漣һˮһ޴ѪɫӰƲ㣬һѸٵĴˮ
أ
ˮһûеްֵֻþɽɽˮ˵ɽǿĻ󣬿ͷ󣬵ٶȿߣԵֵܺá
޴ıɽײɣײˮϣˮԿƾɽþɽС˺ܶ࣬˵ˮԺľǷˣһεû˵
ˮõĳǰú滹һ㶣֮ǰĸɽţҲǺһͨɱû뵽Ȼû˵ˮ˿
޻ǲͣʹ׻һ׻ͣںϣָоԼһƺҪֻϡ
ޱѪٰסѪٵĹ⼸ûʲôΣգѪٵԺͼͻǳǿģǺ涼һӻٻѪ١
˵ˮҲô
ˮϵɫɣ޵ǿٴֳرǺԼԼʱ
֮ǰѾüӰѾվһѾҵսˣϾٴʹĸѣսĻֲֻ޾Կ˲ǵ
վһһѣεĻʣµԵֻޣҲֻ֪޵Ļ˵ʲôǿϬĿֲʵУһܻɣٶҲУٶٿֲĻǾԿɱ
ˮϧѾ׼޺һɱġ
ˮ֮ǰ޵һ˸о־£ǹޱȣΣֹ˲ܽ
ѣսĲûУиʣʺܵͣһѣεʱܶ࣬Ҫǲ֪ʲôʱܰѶԷѣסԻûܰסѣεļɱˣѣҲ࣬εѣ̫ˡ
ڶ˾һֻɿƣҰٷְѣΣҲ̫ˣôҲ֪оԣͨɱһʹдƣʱǲҶģվһ𣬹ˡ
ҽǿôһ
ҿɪҪ군ˣҽʿ֡
ɪǾȡͷҪ䵽ز
һɪҹҪ군ˡ
ɪұϾǴкܾõļ壬Ӧòô군ģһξҪԪˡ

ԷȻվһˮȻҲҪޡվһ𣬵ǰ浲ţ޳䲻ĹˮоһЩ
ˮȴڲͣķ׻Ȼ΢֪˲һֱȥģϾһֱ׻ʱ䳤ˣͷˡ
˳ʵˮȥں棬мλãˮҲû̫õİ취ֻսֻսѰһᡣ
飡
ˮֻޱɣ֮ǰҲǲϵıɣ޺͵޶ǲ´򣬺潫ˮľɽҲˡ
ƺõģһӽˮǰ谭ȫȥȻһˮȥٳȥ˲䣬Ϻʢ
ˮͻȻоַţֲԤС
Ѫޱߣ
ͻȻһǿҵѹһĶѹָоһһԽԽŨԽԽǿң˸о﷢¡
أ
ˮҲ֪ʲôоͷ·һֻ޴ˮײһ㣬һŨŨѪζֱӣһӱôľ
ˮˣˣ׸ѣκò
ʱ涯ˣϴһ˿廹һ˿һ˵ĸоһˮоˣʶеͼĹЧ
ˮޣ
׻
׻
ͬһʱ䣬ˮͷиѪصĿйԽϣں治˼Ŀ´Ӷͷ˽ȥ
̫ˣˮľ̫ˣ֮ǰ޺͵޶ѾȥþãˮѪɵʱӦûκΣյġ
޵ѣ治֪컹ɲʹã֪ʹҲΣգΪˮֻܶ޻߻ء
ôҲû뵽ϻ˿ֲɱﵣ֪ԼӵʲôͻȻܵǰδеĿ־壬ΪͻȻҵʹʹ·ڱʳ
׻ѣιȥʱ򣬺ʶѾʼģˣ֮ǰˮΪ˱ղʹ׻ȷһʧΪˮºʵǿ󣬿ԵֿסйԽȻǿ󣬵Ҳʧ֡
ںˣɹˣһǳ˺棬ʣµǿһ
һ¾ҲþˣΪһֱǺˣˤȥôܶ˶ٺһеǿ߾ôˣһ˵С
йԽѾصˮϣ޺͵Ҳռˮǰ棬˻ܽʵ
֮ǰǸ˵Ѿǳˣֻеĸоӿʼ͵͹ˮĿˮޡ
ȻһԶǳǿߣˮԸЩѾǼˣҲã޵׻ζûʧ֡
ˮоеɣ֪֮ǰûпйԽϵĻôԼ֮ǰĴ൱ΣյģûޣսҪʱԹƣԼʤҲǺѡ
ʣµˣˮԼɣʤԶܷɣһɣʶжٶʲôĶ½֪
߼У
ˮӵˮĵһЩӰ죬ȫеĸӰˮĻ֮һԵ֮
ɣɪҰˣ
ʱһϵĮһ˿顣
ǣ棡
ʣ˹ķ񣬽ȥˡ
ˮûضԷ
ʾףϷƽɪҰˣɣϷ򾡿ܵ㡣
ϵٴ
ѯʣ֪ܲܵϡ
ˮ˵
ʵﵽһ̶ȵϹĺⲻʲôԼеһЩĺ󱳣Ȼˮɱ˼ɪˣԼˣˮ˵Ŀûһ˿ĸ鲨˻ûУ˹ȫɪҵ档


1507 һֻ
ˮʵǲһЩϹ뷨˵ƺѾЩܶණ͸˷Ǻ¡
Ѫףף˵Ǻ쳾Щȴˣ͸ˣͻȻ˼ά֮ǰܶණͱòôˣ׵ķ¡
ˮԼһҲԸһˣϲѪϲֱ飬ûдڸС
Ƭ㣡
ϵٴ𣬲һֻˮԼ
ˮӰһʧԭأˮܼΪһµĲΣΪ֪Ӧúǿ
ҽأôͻȻʧˣʤôûˡ
Ӧ뿪˰ɣ˼ûбҪվʲô
ԼҲû˵ӮʲôɪһˣĴӴˡ

ǰˣ
ˮСֺûп˵Ӱ߻˵
ˮ˵Ѿܵ󣬻תһľһˡ
ûɷǵӣһϵĴĺˣҲͨѩ׵ͷ봹䣬˿ؽࡣ
¶һǿҵϢȴֺޣˮܿ͸ܵ˵Ѿ֮ʣҲ˵ʱп뿪硣
ǲǿϲʱп˺
ںЦ˵
һЦˮоһ˿ϢЦЦ˼˵Цˣʵ˼ٻʮԪ
ʮָ꣬䰡
ָָ̾ԶһʯȥǱɣ
߽˲ŷһ裬мɰˮ˵裬ԼҲ˱
ǰɱĺˣƺ
ˮЦ˵
һֹɣж︣ΪʲôҪ
˵ĻˮֲĸŭǲǸоûζǲǸоû飿
˺һڲ˵˵ĺ
ǰһ˵ǣҲ֪ˡ
ˮʵ˵
飬һЩھдڵĸݣЩԸı䣬Щ鲻ܸı䣬Ժͻ֪ˡ
˵Ļˮеκûʣ˵鱾͵еɱֵܸĸܷĿɳ𡭡
뵽ЩˮҲû̫ˣҲ˼ң֪ûк
ˮĻһ㶣ȻˮЦˣѾ˴𰸣ΪʲôҪңҵĴ㲻һһԼֱ
ˮ˵ĻЦˣ˵ʵ˵Ĵһ£ʱȴ˵Ǵڵģźܶ࣬򶼲ֹһ
򶼲ֹһ
ˮһľˡ
ݴ½ĺ½ʵΪ½أֻͨ½ϣв̫ͬˣʮغ򣬺еܶ࣬ǿ޴ﵽһ̶ȾͻǻۣеҪȸǶ಻ʤ
Ҫȥ֪ôǰȥ
ˮʵĵĻ⣬ҲڲȥһҪ֪ǰķʽ
Ҫȥ
˹Ŀˮ
ˮ֪Ϊʲô˻ɫǵͷ˵ԺӦûȥģڲһȥ
Ǻĸ߲ʵͳһ򣬺ûкøУһǶԷ룬Ȼѡ
˿ˮ˵
ˮ뵽һҶ裬֪ǰôԭоһҶ費Ե޹ʵǰģ˵ûл˵Ĵ죬ȥҲôס
˼֪ĺôǰȥ𣿡
ҡҡͷȻ˵ǰ;˺˴֮⣬оǴһ㣬ôҲɵĳ뺣ԸҲҵ
㣬ˮֶ֪Ѱֻ࣬һ½ϣһУˮоڵ޿ˮҲˮֻǲ֪ܲܵʹá
˼ңߵ۷ʵǶ٣
ˮһֱ
ߵʵҲûмޣе˿۷ͣһӣʵڵ˻Ҫǿ󣬵ֻ۷壬Էȴʵ
ˮЩˣԽս֪۷ʵԽе˷˼ˣӦһǵһĲ࣬Ĳ඼ܿԽ
ս۷ӦòУʵϳԽžԵѹƣǰһʵѷӣȻҲġ
ˮˣǰĹٴһѹһߵֻǱĸıһ£Ǹʵ֮ͬ

ˮ뿪ˣȻûеõ̫õĶҲ֪˲ٶԼźܳһ·Ҫߡ
صõʱѾˣҲɢ˺ܶ࣬һЩ˵ʲô
ɪһԴͷˣҲû˶ʱȥɪҵͷϾˮͬɪ滹ڡ
ˮҵĿ⻹е㲻ͬϾ֮ǰˮֵʵʵ̫ǿˣһȻκβ
ҪˮᣬͨйֵֹģҶǵõս񴫳УˮҪ󣬵ȴǺˮʵ˲һǰ㡣

ʱ֪Ĺȥһȥˣ
˵˵Ҳ̣ڴ½ʱ̫ˣˮͬɾʱ仹Ǳ仯ܴġ
ӳɲһֱãŬȻû׷ӳɲҲһѡ
ı˺ܶ࣬ܵˮǱĬأǰһ˿һЩأˮɽ¶ˮʵǿ󣬸ǿҽ졭
ͨ屻ˮĺأһƿӲƿӻε
ʱ䣬ˮؼΣÿδһ£һб仯Ҳܴ󣬰СӵʵѾͻͽٶȿĲ˼顣
Ůʵ죬һжǰˮеǰڷҲ׵վ˷ݵ۷塣
ҪˮŮڳš
ʱ䣬ٺҲռһĵλ˵ܸߣٺǣǵ۶Ҳ֪õĴڡ
ҺӳҺվһӪˮԽᵳʵʽǺõģһϾͻᱶС
ҲһԼﶼᱻƲģԲ򲻵ѣû˻ô
ںܵ͵ˮ֪ҴС̣Һȥ֣ңϧѳɣǰȥҲûб̫ϣϾһҽͺмܡ
ɪûкߵĶҲûٽ񣬷뽻úˣ˭Ҳ֪ûа취飬ɪĹˡ
ˮûµʱͻȥ򴹵ȥٱҩʲôģȥĴʱϾǺܶ࣬ǰˮ˷ܵķֵһֱ㡣
ȫһףֱ۴ϸ͸Ӳգͺܼ⣬׵Ĵ͸ޣŷޱȵϸ鿴Ķе䣬ɢǿҵޱȡ
ˮɾĻԵ࣬㵨ӺСֻԵСϺ


1508 ޵ʵ׼ɽ
ˮҲͷˣԼһЩָˣڵˮؾһСҲһЩɽʯÿһ඼иԵĻռ䣬淴¶ġϧˮ͵һϣŪһи飬һˮҲһԺȥҲи·ˡ
ѱѱˮɾʱͻ᳢ԹͨѱҲҪΪѡ
ʱ䣬ˮʵҲڲϵӣˮоǺģ˿Ӯܿˡ
ʱ任ɾʱҲˣʵһǧﵽǧʵʮһ㣬Ҫˮʵӵĺȹ̡
ϧˮźʱ䶼ûеõһʵԵͻƣʵ飬ֻҪͻһپһ
ˮ뾭٣ʵľͻܶ࣬ȻΣգΣպͻ˩һġ
ˮԸսΣյģҲԸһñ֪ˮٶȻһĻ֪᲻ɱˡ
֪ˮɾĻǾ˵ˡ
ɾˮĺôʱӳô򵥣ȻʱӳҪ֮һʱԸıһУʱǰһжǲ԰׵ġ

ùģûӣֶǿҽʦҲҩʦҩʦҽʦˮеֶء
˵ˮҲûзҪôҳϣֻҪ÷ڵ飬ҪлͿˡ
ԺͨһںȾƣѩŵﻹӳɲмС¥ϣˮǵ
ôˣʵֵܲϰϣˮɣҲһͻĽȥˣӻҲ˵׼
ǰ򣬴ǿġ
ѩŵ¥Ц
ˮҡҡͷ˾ؼңЩһԼϹϵͻģǵ԰ɣ
ѾˣˮȻ꣬һҶûʱĹˣʮ֮˰ɣ
ˮƺǲˣҲϸȥ룬һ뵽оеĿԸڼԽֻԼѹ
ʵʵ㹻ʵԼֱȥ
ˮҲʵ˺ܶ࣬ˮԵٶҪ˲٣⻹ˮܿĵģرޡ
δһСѾһֻһ㣬Ҫ֪޵ԽԽǿֲײǴҲס
޵ʵԽǿԽ󣬶ٶҲԽ죬޵ӵĺţˣʵͲһֻմС
ڵ͵ҲԵˣҾԵ磬޵ͻǺģϬޱȣǳҲɱ
ʵĽչѾһǰĽ׶Σˮ֪Ҳñ˭Σ˺ܶȴǲΪ͸ϡ
ˮǾ͸׵ģϧҲͻƵ·ҲûгʲôϣֻϰʵѸǰˮܲӦڵʵٶȡ
ˣˮȥɽ֮ǰһֱûȥ޺Լ˲СĽڽ衢ǿʵǺ𵽾޴ãԽԽֲˡ
޴˵ѪһĵĴڣϡ٣ˮ֮ҪǰɽԭҲõһξ޴ͻơ
ޣ
޵ıʵٶȱ֮ǰ˺ܶܶ࣬͵û٣ȴ̫ˣΪ޵ĿǿֻҪ棬ҪǿسԼ˲ɱ
׻壺޵ĶеٱʵģתܵмʽԷסͬʱԵԷй
׻Ҳﵽ˰ٱ޵Ѫˮ֣֪ܲܳԽٱ͵ĿǰûгԽ
׻ͨڵ׵֮Ĺʵİ˱벻óǧףд΢Ч١ӦЧۼӣ׻ĵĶʮ֮һ
ԭıڰ˱Ҳһǿ˲١
ǿһΧһļöԷԣΪ屶
һЩȺ幥
սõʮ屶ٶȣ
ٶֿ˲٣ٶȱ֤ϵ޵
׻ǿĵǿ׻֣ʮ屶ʵĹٷְԶԷʱͶԷʵйϵÿʱʹΡ
׻Ĺǿˣԭ屶ڵİ˱ʱҲǱ֮ǰһ
֮ŭսģ׻׻ı
׵ڷгӵ⼫ǿʹ׵˲Լ߳ƣָƵٶȱָʮʱʱÿʹ֮Ҫһʱ
ûб仯ˮûиоѾˣܽܡ
׼ףսģսףԵɵ;񹥻ͬʱıȫʮķ
ڿϵҪȱ֤Լ׼ǳˣ׻ɵĵԷһ˺ڸ˲ٵĹͷ
ͬھԼ˳ɵƻȡԷ˳ɵƣ˺ͬӣҲʹÿµĹ֣˫ܵ˺ͬھֱ˲ҪĿ
һֻʹһΣʵʱɹʺܵͣʧܺûκӰ죬Լʹãֱʹóɹÿʹʱһӡ
޵Ĺͷɲرǿﵽ߰ٶĹﵽ˽һǧ߰Ҫ֪ǿԵԷ߳ɵĹˮ֮󣬻Ƿǳסģ˵޵ǿƣֱɱС
ˮص޵ǰȣǿ˺ܶ࣬ˮо޵ռܴ
ˮѾ¶ǰɽͨˮһȥģˮܾˣһ˸о˻Щ
ڶˮ·ˣŽˣȻ½ʹ˾С
ʱ䣬󲿷ûб仯ȴǳα仯ţ޳һ㣬ԴĸˣҲˮ˴󣬵˲ʹ÷޴
ɽܴˮһ͵ɽڣ˺ܶ࣬һ·ˮʹþвֻ֪ǵⲻԶϵ
ǰɽ̽յð߻ǺܶģɽԵǺܰȫģԽԽΣգˮܶвǿϢͣһ˵
ΧˮҸط񣬷Ҳ⼸졣
ɽһֻѾ˲ˡ
𣿡
̲סʵ
ģǿġ
ǿ޲ǶֻڱԵѵҲΣ𣿡


1509 ɻȻ
ֻڱԵȻûʲôϵ˵
ǻǹΣյģôһֻǿ޴ҶĵģҶҽɽˡ


ˮ۾һΪҩҪĲǽϵġ
ˮеǸҩʦҩһٴνĵҩҲû̫ϡ档
ɻ
еѪȵʱ䣬ûǿ޵ѪҲѪеľѪʵǿѪĻЧһ˴һġ
һˮһֱѰɻĲϣΨ˽ıĽ𱳼׻ܵ
ˮߵǼ˵ǰǴʮˣʵ˵㲻ߣ󲿷ֶʼġ
λֵܣ֪ǽǸ뿴
ˮ˵
ụ̂ȻȥݸЧá
˿ˮˮ̫ˣ˿ˮеΪ׵۾һ˿죬˵ȥɱֻɣ
˵˿ʮģŨüۣһӲ֮һ˵ļģԾı͡
Щ˶հģˮЦЦ뷨ֻ֪׼ȷλá
ˮԼȥңɽ̫ˣֻƾʶǲġ
Ҵȥ
ͻȻһȴȵ
ˮͷһһ㶣һŮˣŮһװһͷƵ㷢ڼϣĽӨ񣬵ƺеʣûдɴȴе㿴С
Ů˹棬ŵĹˣʫ续͸һǿյĴһִڵ
е£ɫƽȴɢһ󺣣ѹһװӽһ㷲ˣǷݵŹ֮

ˮ뵽˵ʮŮͼϵŮӣŮںˣţ޻Ϊļأڿˡ
ѵǱˣ
ˮڵʵǿȻоŮ˱Լǿ˲٣֪ǲ۷壬ˮͣ
ͬһҶĲʳ̻Ҳ۳Ͳ׺µĴҹ˹ҲͬҲų̂յı䣬ƺһۺ壬次䡢ػһЩ
һһҶѷɫŮӣֻˮе㲻ΪʲôŮ˻һӦþˡ
ܸܵԼʵȻԼʵô˵ҲǺǿˣҪǺɪҵӦв֪Լˡ
ҲǸƯŮˣЩҲ֪ǲ𣬱ĵ뿪ˡ
ãΪʲôҪҡ
ˮЦʵ
ҽҰ㣬æǲǾͲôܾˡ
Ů˵ʱѾˮԶ׵ľͣ
һɵµζһܵܵȴǺرĺš
첻ˣǶΣ
ˮ˵
ʵˮأԼѾ͵õŮͼϵŮӶˣֻʣһûг֣ˮоԼҲĸŮͼеʲôܣ
ѵֻʮ쾭𣿴ͨʮ쾭ʲôô
ã㡣
˵ֱһʧˡ
ˮſյģһ̫ʵԶʮ˻˵ʲôˮҸطȻ⡣
ΧѾٵˣ䣬ɫ΢΢ˣߣֿǿ
ˮûмʲôϣζΧĶҪ㣬ôͻأ
һСһ˳ԳԺȺȣȻѾ˴ԼȥˣҲͲټˡ
һҹƽˮڶú磬Χûжˮ߳һ̧ͷԶɽһٻӰվſԶ
ŮôȻˣ
ˮɴʰ񣬴ɾʱѾϴˣһŮ˷ȥŮߡ
磡
ˮ΢Ц˵
Ů˵Ӱǻ𣬵ֿŵǰ͹̣˵欷ˣջ·Թꡣ
Ůתˮ磡
ˮĿգʱûϸ񣬴ƣ˫ʫ续۾žջˮôҲû뵽ָоںһ
ǳɣ
ˮŮƺҲֻˣֱ˵
ã
Ů˵ƺеϧĸо
Ůгһֻȸˮһ㶣ΪгԼֻɫġ
ˮоɫģгֻСǲԼ
ȻгһֻСˮֱгޡ
СʲôŮ˿޵ʱǾȵĿһᣬȻɽȥ
֮ǰˮһˣ˳һЩ飬ڿûϷˣˮĸŮ˰ԼһԼɡ
֮ǰԼҽ˵ӦԼ
ȻڱԵƺˮ֪ŮΪʲô֪ĵص㣬ˣԼҪҲҪõ
ŮǺ»ǻˮ֪Ůͼ͵ŮˣˮиУϾɾлġƬһƬ˵ʱͻֺᷢϤʶܾһֻˮĸо
ʱʱ䣬Ůһɽȣ½ϵҲϲٵҰޣϲõεĴڡ
Ů˵ġСٶȻǲģɽ֮ŮֱˡСȻͷˮٿԶɽеһϿȡ
߹ȥɣҽΪҩİɣ
Ů˵Ȼ̧˳ȥ
ţҪϵһЩϡ
ˮӿ˵
Ů˼˵֪Ϊʲô𣿡
ʲôʵ
ˮʵ
ʵаɣҪƲķһ֪ˣ֮ܺǰǸ޲ࡣ
ˮˣȴǺܺ棬Ů˵ĺȻͻῴŮ˵ӰرǷ̵ͦĻԲ֮ɢջϢ
ŮƺܵĿ⣬ͷˮÿˮĿ⣬ˮƿŮˡ
㶼Ů˵𣿡
Ůޱȡ
㻹Ůˡ
ˮһ仰Ůҭһ£ˮһǰȥˮ֮ǰŮ˸Լء

һ߳ϿȣӳǰһСɽȣСʮֹˮһ㶡
Ѩ֮أ
Ҳ֪Ѩ֮ء
Ů˾ȵĿˮ
ʲô֪Ķ̫ˣаԡŶݼס͡
ŮƲͷ˺ͱһҲǸåǵһԼǰƺûаԼ£֡
ˮڨڨסڣŮˣˮԸһ㣬ſһ㣬֪һ㣬åһ㣬˶ϲŮʱᾡܵİԼõһչֳ
ģںܶŮҲǺЧģȻչһ治ҪȻ
ЩŮ˵ûãˮǶûʲôͼıԲùάʲôˣ˵ʲô˵ʲô֮ǰŲ͵ĵطҺ̹Ȼ


1510 ɱչչ
ˮûж˵ʲôɵķʽر⣬˵˵ͳˡ
Ѩ֮ҲǱأ֮ءɽ֮أѨ֮һ㶼ȽСУһѨ֮شʱ䲻ͻʧ
⴦Сɽȳʮǧ״СϺССɽˣܸʵɽԽԵɽС羮һ㡣
ɽҲкܶ޴ʯ飬Ȼ˵ͻȻˮܵһǿҵϢԶһʯѨд

ˮͷߵŮˣŮ˵ͷŮȴʾˮһߣһС
ӦһСɣһ˸ߣֱ۴ϸԾ·ҲܶһɢŨ
ʮȭͷСĽɫӣˮһ۾һչ
ţǵģչչͳˣػ߽չģһ˽չ󣬹ľûһ취ˡ

˵һĺдˮһֻɫľܣ쳤ף֫׳Ĺ֣ԴǽɫģɫĹΣʵܵӰ죬ǿס۾һ
һľܣ׳ʧýɹΣ׳ĸצӣݣײеĿֱסˮŮˡ
ˮһܷ߽ʵֲܿʵˮѷɫ٣ˮ֪ʵһϬͿµķ
չҩҲֱʹãֱʹñϵʵӵʡʵйϵ
ˮ۾һŮˣΪչġ
ţǵģҪչ˳ѽˡ
Ů˵
ǲʲôҪҰæ
ˮѵͣˮ˽չ֪Ϊɫ׼ġ
ڻûУԺͲ֪ˡ
Ů赭д˵ȻͷʾѾ˹
Ůһ̧һȦȦһŵӡˮһӵ
ء
һ𣬾޴Ľ屻ֹžˮһ˺
Ů˵һˮһӡת
޴ĽȻ޷ӹŮ˵һ˫ƣת
ˮŴˣԷɿת̫⾳ܸߣһ
ҪҪ
ŮͷҲصˮ˵
ã
ˮֱŽȥһƽ֣ˮһȭ޴Ľ
̫ȭ
ˮһȭᣬҴǽλãˮĽ֮ǰŮýӰڽŲ״̬
޴ֱӱˮ˳ȥȻԶˮӰӰεȥٴδ
ˮ̫ϵѱŮ˲ֻŮ˵Ĺԭ򣬼ʵˮǿԿˮƺǿ˲١
Ůʱܾȣȵķˮ̫ϵԼƺй֮־о硣
ǿ治Ǹǵģˮôƺ˺Է
ͳݼ޲࣬Ҫǿݼ޵ȻܺˮڵĵȣӦñڵĵ޲١
ˮһ᳷˻뿴Ůôɱġ
Ůƺˮ˼΢΢һЦһЦĺǣˮһܿ˦˦ͷƺѿһ˦ȥ
Ůһ㶣һٴγһƬһĶˮ֪ˣˮڿɱǿ󣬲ܷߵĻٶȿˮƶԺܺõĲסԷȻЧĿ
ͻȻŮһᣬһӤȭͷСˮһĶӨ͸ĹâɢǿŽȥ
ˮ
ƺֵĶܿ־壬ĺ岻ܶӤȭͷСˮֱӴ˽Ķľ޴ԴС
ˮһ̺𺳣һĶɱǿӦŮ˵һɱﵣҪ֪ǶҲǷǿȻԴ͸ȥ
ˮٴһ㶣ôһֻܾȻһҺ̬ˣ޴Ľµʱˮе㲻˼顣
ˮ֪ԼҲɱֻⲻǿӲ򣬴һܷ¡
ҪʲôȥðɣҪȥȡչˡ
Ů˻ˮЦ˵Žչȥ
ˮó𾫼Ҷţķ棬ֻ޴Ľˣһһռ𱳡ܵġܹǡ
о޴ƣܱޡ⻹һֻܣŮ˻ʱˮǾ޴ļһһºˡ
ˮû뵽Ů˻Ϊ죬ŮӦúǿƣϾŮˡ
ˮǺȻ˵öҪҪ
˵⻰ˮоԼеåеڣϾе̫ͻˣŮŭһǹġ
ԼŰɣ
Ů㶵˵Ǻܺ
ˮŮŽչЩ㡣
չǺöⶫÿ˺ֻʹһţԶֻʹһţЧȷʵǿʲôʱʹöһģԵĺö
ôࣿ
ˮЦˡ
һһ롣
Ů˵
ǿɲԸҡ
ˮҲֱӽӹָǿýչ˵
㲻Ǵֲȥɡ
Ů˹ŹֵĿˮ
ǰҲ˷ѡ
ˮ˵ʵ
治֪Ǽٲ֪չһҪǧ꣬˵ҲֲģǲҪŽչҩģ
Ů˵Ȼˮ˵Ļ
ˮƣʱ˵滰ʱûţҲýͣ͵ͷŮҲͻΪˮ֮ǰڿЦ
ˮֲչĹʱƻ̫ϵŮҲûлɣΪǸϵҩҪأҩʦĹغܶ࣬Ů˲ֻһ߿š
ˮֽɾҸȥɾչֲһЩ֮Ȫдʥʯݹˮ
һУˮɿˣˮǰڲҲرĵطͻȻһ뷨ҸŮȥϾҸŮǿ
ûҪҪ
ˮѾûˣǸ÷ֱˡ
ô𣿡
ŲرͼɽĵشȥѰŲر֮ء
ˮЦ˵ŮʲôģҲΪŮͼϵŮˣһäĿΡ
Ůһ㶿ˮ㲻;¶֣
ɱûôף˵Ҹо㻹ҪҰæô֡
ˮνЦЦ
㵹ǽƻ߰ɡ
Ů˴ͷſзȥ
ˮȥϾǱԵһˮֱгŮһŮԥһվˮߡ
ˮҲ֪Ů˽ʲôǸŮ֮һ֪˵ҷڶһ֪
Ҫ֪ʲô
Ů΢Цſˮܴ󷽣ţ֮ǰĳֵɬԹƺôƮ졣


1511 ɻʵͻͽ
ˮЦЦСôƺ߶٣ض٣ˣʲôϲʲô
Ů㶵Ŀˮ֪ˮڿЦЦҡҡͷ˺ͱ˲ͬˣǰ̹ȻӲԼõӡ󡣡ҽ壬ڱ
Ů˻˵
壬֣˺䡣
ˮЦ˵
Ů΢Цſˮڿ𡣡
ǣ˵ʵ˿ǲ˵ġ
ˮٴһǡ
ˮһûмʹþУֻǳŽɽȥһ·ˮֻǺŮ˼򵥵˵ЩϾʶ
ʱøϵһɽȣˮЦ˵ͣһٸ·ɣ
ã
ܸɴ˵
ˮȰٰԼԶ£ԵģԸһ¾͸Իˡ
ˮʱ󣬾ȲĽɾʵչͨԾĿȥ
չһеǿȣ⡢ѪЧɵǿȡ
ÿ˺ֻʹһţҩ
ö
ˮ濪ģŮǴֱʣȻ͸Լһ롣
˵ⶫһԼ㹻֮뵽Լ׵ˣ˼άŮȴֻţռˣʣµӦǸ˰ɣҲ̫˰ɣ
ˮûбأˮ벻ףҲˣɴֱӳһţޡޡ޶һţֻܿˡ
ˮҲûа취̫ˣֻóʹãнչ£෨ˮһչĳ֡
ˮȳԵģ⣬ˮ𾪵ĲţٴͻƣǵҲǽӲӣϵĽ׶֮ǰ˺ܶࡣ
ǿֹҪʴı䣬֮ˣƺһ
ҲǷһЩ仯׵ԭﵽһ޴ԼǿȣоԼһСǿ
ˮ֮Żعһξ޴ĻС£ȴ˻ҪڵǿȣɪҵǼ߶Ѷκв
һУˮſֻޣǿˣʵҲһ㣬΢ǿȴһֹ
޵ǿԼϬһЩٶȣЩǿȣ޾͸˵ˣޣǲһһ֮䡣
Եһᣬˮſʼ׼Ƶҩ
ɻ
չջ񣬵ȻʵһЩҪҲջһҪѰұصġ
ɻҪĲҲǺ󣬱Ҫ󣬻ٺռˣڼˮûȥ򴹵
͵ǿӹɵģͲĲϡ
ʵˮ֪ΪʲôҪ߽ĲϣҪ֪ģǳ٣ҲǿûֶθŪϣ˵һҲϽء
ˮȵεɻƵ쳣˳ȻһûʧֱӳɹˣҾȻʣµĲϣˮоƲ١
ɻ
ɻһΣ޴仯κʵʹãֻʹһţٷְɻһΣЧĿʺ츳
ȻЧģˮ۾ֶǿģһνĲƲ٣Դһֻֻʹһš
ƵʱҲǺܳҲ죬ˮӦþҩʱˣ죬Ժǲǻ֪
ʱ䣬ţ߶ȾУѾһҩʦģҲǱҩʦΪʲôɹʵ͵ԭ
Ҫ֪ˮи߼ء
ʱڿжȹˮǸ͵סįˣһֱͣѾʱһˣˮеɻѾʮˡ
ֱӸֻÿֻιʳһţȻҲҪļֻĻûôݳޣιʳˮ;Ĺ۲죬۲޵ı仯
ˮȵȷɱľȻͷ롣
ž
һ߿ԴһţΪ˰ͷ룬ΨмǿýӲӵͷԽϡ
ͨˮһż顣
ͷ룡
ʵﵽˮˣһԴʵȻô࣬ˮ֪ͷ֮һͷжôѣȻ𾪵Ǿϲ
Ԫͷ츳սõʵٱġ
Ԫı仯ˮû˿֣ʵﵽڣӰٱŻе֡
ʴͷ뷢޵иǿĸʴճԣ͵˿ǵҲԿϣ˺ʮ屶˺
˿ƣͷԷһ˿ǧҾйƣٶȼ죬˿ճԺͶԸǿʵĶʮ屶
˲٣Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
Ⱥ빥޵Ķǿ񣬿ĹߵΪͷ룬һʳ롣
ߵԽͷˣһ޴Ľ֮ǰֻܽͷġ
˿ɣսģٶʮ
˿Ҳ˲٣ͷʱǿ˲١
ͷİޱȣżǿĶԺʹ͸Ч
ܣͷķǿ
ףսͷʮļ̡Լ˿ļ̡ճԼԡʮĹͳ־ģ
ˮˣȻͷĹǺܸߣͷǶޣǿ
ڶǽˮʵԽرڴΪԷԼʵ
𡭡
һĺһȦǲӴ׳ޱȣֳһЩӲӵģ޴ͷ­ֻǱ֮ǰװ⣬ֻͷͲһ
֮ȴǾ޴Ȼβ
ıʵﵽ˿ֲǧһεɱ̫ǿˡ
֮սõһٱʵ
ûб䣬Ҫͣˡ
çײʮ޲𹥻ʮĿꡣ
û䣬˲٣Ѿˡ
̤Բ磬ʮʵĹһļΧĿ֫ľ޷ж
ٴˡ
˲ǧ֮˲Ծ
ս˲һɵԷǿɱĿɵٶȣһʱ
շħʩչǧ֮ڵĶĿ꽵һɵʵĿ겻Գٸʱһʱ
ͻ˲䷢ʮĹĿ꣡
ٱˮòŻعԺĲμսˣϳԹ˽չһֲ
棺µĺ󹥻дƼ׵Ĺͬʱ屶еٶȡ
ۼףսķ͹ʮıǿ͹ĸ
֮֮ǿľѹƣѹʵһɣĿʧȥսѹƲǾԵġģս
֮ģǿԼʵٴ󲿷ֵĲ״̬


1512 ʮʵ
ˮѾеˣʲôʵһɻȻôı仯ɻɵɼɻǿڵĽЩ£Ѿﵽʮʵ
ˮڶܽܣ֮ǰʵˮҲͲ£չɻﵽĳֵϣһɻһγ׵ɻ
ʵô࣬ʵӵĲر࣬Էˮ߰ıʵ
Ҳ⣬Ϊڷ˵ɣʱﲻҲʱ򷴶ᳬԽɡ
ˮûмȥɷȥֻޡ
ûʲô仯ʵʵϾǿУʹʵҲѾӽǧ
ڱްǧʵʲô˵ֲ̫ˣٶȺǿٴη֮ࡣ
Ҳڴ˱һѾֻմСѾһֻͨĴСǹϬ˺ܶ౶
Ǵ֮̿ޣĴھΪɱ¾Ҳɱ¾֮ޡ
ϵûʲô̫ı仯ͷ֫ȴɢĹâ
ǰƺСɽһȴֲʧٶȱ޴磬Զס޴ΡȻ
޺֮ǰҲ˲Сı仯ҪʵҪǿ޺Ͱͷֱɱǲܺȵġ
ˮſˣһε˵ı仯ǺܴģһεɱӦþ˵Ѫ
ϴһ룬īɢɭĹâǿϢĸоҲ׺ĸо
ˣѪȣǿ
ˮһ£ܼ֮ǰ˵Ѫ֪ôֵģǿһһǿܴɻõ˵Ѫ˶֪֪ǿ֮ĺ蹵
˵ıʵѾﵽ˿ֲǧͽ֮ͬǰȻûʹýչչֱӵʵûӰ졣
ڤ죬սģõһٱʵʹκս͹Ķ롣
ûб仯ҲٱأôͻƵġ
߼У˵ǿٶʮļʮ
ֲˮڶ֪˵ʲôˣˮоԳŵξݲöʱ䡭
棺񷢶ǿĻ湥ڵĻԷһУпµƻڷ˵ǿս湥ʮ
죺ս湥Ӷʮܵ˺еֿűġ
ɱ䣬Ƿ˵ǿ
ڤ򣺷򹥻ʮĹ̺ſµıƵʱٴη
ܵ˺ʱɵļԡɹһɱ䣬ʵһ
֮ģǿķ֮Ŀ÷˵ٴһܵ˺ٴμ룬еļһġս
֮֮ǿľѹƣѹʵһɣĿʧȥսѹƲǾԵġģս
ˮЦˣȻͽʵ£ڱ£ʵҲﵽ˿ֲʮ
ˮоˬĲУֻǿĿϵֻǿɱޣ޺͵Ĵڡ
ʱ䣬ˮ뻹ɣϾֻʣһʱˣһղ꣬Ǻ鷳
Ϣһ£ϴһֱӳȥɾڶÿϽɾˮڳȥֻǼҹ
߳䣬еҲǱģƯΧֻܰһЩʲôʱԶҲᴫҰ޵ĺ
΢Ĺ⣬ǹʯĹΣܰ濴κһˮ֪ŮûС
ӦȥԶιʹýչ˰ɣ
ˮ²ţڲ²ʱԶһӰ壬Ů˿ˮһ㶡
ôˣôûϢ
Цʵ
㲻Ҳ㣬˯ˡ
ˮֱóɻݸǰ˵ˡ
ˮĻǾޱȣˮĻ˼䣬ˮʱ࣬ٴνɾˡ
ˣôԶӰ쵽ҵģİɣ
Ů˵ͷˮһԶɽϷȥȻˮ˵ˣҲġ
ˮصɾһϹǿʼʵ
ˮʵǿϸι̣һεҲ˳ޱȣһȵߣָоǺǿġ
ˮڵıʵǧһ㣬ȴǴﵽ˲ǧһɶ໹Ǻܿ͹۵ġ
ǧıʵĵҲûʲô仯ˮʵﵽڰǧһʵ͵˲˲һǰ㡣
ģԼޣ˵ԼбɱﵣȻֻнʵʵսҪǿö࣬󷨣ս⻷ȡ
ͼֻޱٶȺʵˮѾǳˡ
ڶˮĲ磬Ҳ̫ȭʵӣ޵ǿоĺá
ֻʮʵˮ֪Կ϶۷ʵ۷ʵҲһģʮ۷ĻʮҲ۷壬ʮʮ
ʱÿˮڴ̫ȭȤһ߿
ôǲǺϤ
ˮֺЦ
ֻǷķһ֣½ַĶţëܴﵽĵϷëˡ
ôߡ
ˮЦ˵һ䡣
ллĵҩ
˵ʱܿģˮĿɻ
˰ɣŰɱҲƲɻ˵ҽչ
ⵤҩĺ죬֮ǰֻҽû뵽ʵҩҲôǿ
Ц˵رĿġ
ȴǲϧֵҩҪϵĲϡ
һš
ЦЦе㿪Ц˵

һˮǰɽʱʹ˾Уʹþֱﶼ£ھֵķΧȻ󣬵ҲǺС
ˮ֮Ǳһѣ࣬Ȼ飬Ҳûʣ˭ܡ
ʹþУֵϺܳʱ޷УﻻɽıԵɼɽô
ˮһгˣһҲסˣܸܵ˵ʵ˿
ҷԽԽ͸ˡ
Ŀˮ
棿
ˮЦˡ
е㣡
ܺè
ˮЦ˵
ֲ㡣
Цһ䡣
ˣ˵ǲʵڣ
ˮ̲סֳϣҪԼʵ
ӦʵĴڰɡ
ɫ΢΢һЦ˵


1513 ȻԶַ
ˮûпŮϵı仯˵ҲֻǺСһ仯˼ںϣһǰȥѰҲֻϣͨѰõһЩôԼǰһ㣬˳һ㡣ˮûжŮ˵ĻҲûбʲôϣһߣֻ˵˵ϣԼҪĴ𰸡
ˮԼˣڴʱϣܵõ˵½⣬ҡҡͷ˦ЩͷȽεıѰ˵Լʵ龳ǳǿˣ˵޵Уû˺
ԼĿǿȣԼоеզࡣ
Һʲô
ˮˣŮ˷⣬ʵһ
Ӻȥ˺
ˮҲû
ϵ̫ãһȥġ
ˮЦſǿŮˣ֪йϵƺһ㣬ڿˣҲֻǿҲǡ
е㵣ģֻڶ֪ô󣬲֪Ѱʹ롣
ˮŮ˿Ц˵
ʲôʱȥĺȷʵ𣿡
Ů΢Ц˵
ǰˣȷԺܴ󡣡
ôʱˣҲһʱҿ˵Ĵڣһ࣬ȻҲǺĺѡ
ţٵȵȣ˵ɽûĴڣ
ˮŮ˵ĽҲ;һЩ½ֵ顣
˵еģҲ˵ûеģ˵أԵûӦǲ֪
Ļû˵Ҳ˵˵ĲԣӦòȷĴ𰸣ϧûʲôá
·ҲţԾĵ˵һЩ˫ûпҪȥ˽Էʲô
ûһطˮų֣Ҫ֪ͬʱ߱Ѱ·ϵʱ޷Ѱֻ׼ϢʱѰڸһ¡
ѰޣûбҲͽ͵ģ֮ԱΪΪϡٵԭ
֪Ѿˣɽ̫ˣҪ֪ˮڵľÿǿƶԶԶľģʹ»ûеɽλá

ûжãԶһ޴ĺˮѾȥѰˣͻȻĽӦǿޡ
ȥ
ˮǺܵޣڸȥá
Һһȥɣ
ˮͷķȥˮʵŮˣٶȱŮ˿ѷɫ
ǰʱ˶ˣģˮǹŹ֡
ûȷʵֻ޴Ҳ顣
ֻ޴İһǾ޴ĶôףеڣڲϵĽ޴ĺ
󰡣
ˮ졣
ѪˮһۣȻĶӡ
ֻʵ㲻ҲǲѣȻɽֵѾǺǿˡ
ˮٴο˵ֻҲ뿪ˣصʱûпӰӣ֪С
ʱˣˮֱԵģζˣߵˮ߿ˮ
ô춼ˮһʼֻ巢Լĺˮĸһģͳˮ
һǿߣӵгǿѱޣտҽǿҩǿһֺ÷ͻȻ˺ܡ
淢Լһ˺һǸˣ֪һ˺治Ǻ飬סԼˣԲʲţе˿ǲʧġ
ˮһ֮ǰһֻҰãҵһЩҰˣõһֻȵݸ壺ҰζЩطǳԲ
ˮ仰ҲижǰԼӳԺͲ׵ģھݣׯͿԸĳٵҰζȻûĺóԡ
ӹЦлл
ŮһֱǺܿҲһֱ־ĺ÷ˮףԲǿ˵ллҲЦЦ
Ϧ£ߵĻƺܺÿƺô䣬ǰЩƶϣ￴ĺÿӦñǰĻҪÿĶࡣ
ķе䣬ȷʵޱȣôûƣó÷ƵһҲ嵹һ
屾˵ȾƵģֻǵƵζû˵ڣӹˮľơ
ãã˺Ե֣ƯģҲҰޣô
ˮЦŶ롣
Ұޡ
ŮЦҲ
ˮ֪Ůʲô˼Ҳˣʱ˾ͻȻоܻھ
ͻȻоܹ¶ĵĹ¶˵ĸоܲ
巢ˮı仯ͻȻƺҲܵɢļįϢԽĺҲį츳ѣʲôĵģѵΪӣ
ҪˣӦûµġ
˵оԼڰοˡ
ˮЦˣллҲǺܵӦò飬ֻͻȻоĺܹûйָо
ڿͷһСƺôˡ
Цſˮ
绨һЦ̣ˮ˺֪ܶ࣬ŮڿԼﻹһůûжʲô
ʵʱõοºܼ򵥵İοҲǺůģڵ͹ʱһ£˶мԷһӡ
ˮַӦòԶˣһ㶼ػޣ߻ء
ţ⼸Ӧܵص㻻Ҫҡ
ˮ˵ɣӦÿҵڱشػػȺԼʲôģʱˡ

޵ĺˮС
ǹȥɣӦҵˡ
ˮкһ޵ķȥ
Զַ
ȻԶַˡ
ˮ˵
ƺҲ⣬û뵽һԶַΧȺɽصλÿ˵رء
ˮ뵽ϴεԶַԼõս񴫳УҲõ˾޴ĺô֪εԶַлʲô
ǽȥ˵ﻹһû˽ԶַأĻŪıɾͶˡ
գգЦ
СŮҲеɰر𺳣һŮ˱ֳСŮ̬ĳһ
ǽȥɣ
ˮЦ˵
ţһȣ
ͻȻ˵ȻԶˮҲ˹ȥиմ˻ҳ塣
ӦˣѾˡ
ˮҲ̸ϲˬԶַܴ󣬾ǽȥҲÿȡıﶼԵʵܵõ
ҲȥɣԶַô󣬾ˣļҲС
˽ȥ֮ŷִˣԶַ󣬻˵Сһɽȣˮ⿴˿ɽһ޼ʵˮҲ֪ͨǸһ졣


1514 رͼǴеԿף
ˮ嶼Ǻܾȣ˶ǽԶַһۣŲԶһɽȥֻһ·ûֻǱȥرͼλָǱӦָľԶַʱ沢ûзʲôǿ谭
Сĵɽȥתɽˮһ㶣Զ¶ʮ￴ߣЩˮȵģȵˮǸ
ս
õս񴫳еĵطһˮûв´Ļһս񴫳еĵطҲսʤĹ
Զɽͬһս񣬶ҾȻǸŮ񣬴һŮʯ
ֱʱˮſԷЩˣЩ˴󲿷ֶߣҲмˣˡ
ˮ棬ЩҲǣɻĿˡ
Щ˵Ĵŵһ㣬ûʲôɫߵ·ֻӿܲΪ׵ļǲ
˵ʵǿˮǿ󣬵ҪˮоǿԽԷ򵹵ģ˵ƺá
ˮ⣬ϾԷȽģΪĹһǸоǵģ֪ΪʲôԷһֱѵǴսʯ
һͷ뷨Ϊоٴûģôվһԭ
ˮϸԼõеǴβһֻһ񣬺滹и֮ûбĶˡ
ˮ뵽ʲôץסʱԷΪ׵Ũܵüëչˮλɰ
ûͷûβһˮеԺ治֪ҪʲôЦ˵Ҳоɣ֪ôġ
ˮ˵뵽֮ǰƺץʲôȻ󿴿壬ιҪŮˡ
еˣϧԶս񴫳ǸŮģȥ
˵оܿϧ
˱оǵòս񴫳УҲܵõһЩɣʵЩս񴫳ǲŮģŮԽܡ
ϧģ֪˶ˣȻòΪʲôֲȥأ
ˮЦʵ
ûţǴүǣһ˻ȥȥˡ
˵˼ԣǵģû֮ǰǲȾָġ
˼ңˮûã֪Ųţ
ˮЦ˵
Щ˭˵׼أԱȽϺá
º͵˵
֪ǿɲԡ
ˮЦʵƽ
ĻǺܺãů紺磬Ȼ˵治ãǱѩأֻܿԵϲˡ
һ㶣ˮ֮ͷΪ֪һʵ˵ֶԵߵ֮ûбҪˡ
ˮЦЦлл
ˮǸˣ֪Լвرͼ֪ô
ˮԶɽȥսȥ
֪ʲôս𣿡
ˮûиܵս񴫳лս˵ϢһαҪȫˡ
ˮģݱػǺأһս񴫳еı㹻ԴˣϧԼѾõ˴УȻս񴫳оҲŮ˸Ӻʡ
Ƿս񡣡
˵۾Ůսʯ
һҲǿˮˡ
磬ǲǹȥף
һ˵
ﶼǿߣôᣬˣ˵ôʱûа취кöϧҲҪܵõУΪ˵òĶٵǲǵġ
ͷҲص˵
һȥô죿
һߵٴ˵
о𣬾ǽȥˣҲûа취飬ȥˣǵõĶҲ÷һЩ
ƽ˵иоˮ˽ȥĿԲ

ˮȻ֪Щ˴ʲô⣬ⲻЩˣˮоҲֻһʱ䣬ϣǲҪڡ
ȥɣ
ˮѲرͼݸ塣
һ㶣㲻ȥ𣿡
ûв´ĻرͼԿףֻӵвرͼ˲ܽȥԣеĻǾӲ
ˮǵһεõرͼˡ
һŽˮĲرͼȻˮЦŵͷɽȥžͿ˲ŵһĻ
ƽĽȥˣˮЦˣȻҲµĽϾ֪ܲܣڿҲܿģرͼǵõеĻԵ
ˮоҲǸԵǳˣˮһ㲻ȱŮˣʱȴֻˮҲ֪ôȥõС
ʵˮҹ˹ǰֻҪķѲʱ䣬ȵõս񴫳ʱ仹ǿԵģҲûõ
磬ǸŮĽȥˡ
ǰɣȥԡ
ǸôûнȥֻǸŮĽȥˡ
˵ںܾʣˮйתһˮǱȥ
磬ȥԣ˵׼Ů˽ȥûнơ
֮ǰǸٴ˵
ã
һ˳ȥʱٴ⵽սʯĹұ֮ǰϬˣҲԷʲôⶫΪս񴫳ġ
˿׼ġ
˿ˮɫõ˵
ǰɣǲõˣȥɡ
ˮŵ˵
ǳ˳飬ˮΪµĸоԼһȵµʱȴǿһȴǳԲһֱѾõˣȻǼȲƽ⡣
ϾģΪѵǾͲһǣ
˵仰ʱƽˡ
ﵽʵô׶ŭģֻһθо̫ˬˣϾս񴫳лʲô̫ģŻʧ˷硣
ˮЦˣЩ˭ȵ˭ģĻΪʲôã
˼˵ǿˣ
˵ǹģͻȻȳɱ׼ɱȻǸŮ˶֣ٿԽŮ˴ĶΪջ񣬲Ȼо
˼ңҷȰһ䣬ʲôҪãȻʱڶûеط㲻һˣ嶯ҪгͷģʲôҪȵԼ
ˮ˲⣬ǳѵ
һδɵСҲѵңȻʵϾѣ̫ˡ
˴ЦΪˮĻЦ
ˮҲЦˣѾ˵Ķ˵ˣԼԹñˡ
սĹҲǺܲˣ˵ʵĲɱǣұѡôпᣬҪҡ
˱˵˵
ˮеЦãʱȻԼϿˣɴ಻˵һ޵ġ
ɫһת֮ǰ˵ǸһˮȥֳץˮԴץȥƾȻںɫ
צ
ˮЦҲ֣ȷʵʵתǿĺȻ緢
ž

ȻרſЩˮڵʵǸҪǿһоȻ֮ǰ˵һַֻˡ


1515 ʯˮɾ
һУΧˣ˺͵ɻȥȻμƺʹ˼Ŀˮƺ޷ʵ
ˮĹҲüʵ˲һǻˣǺˣΪĹ̶ԼԱ˱Ƚϲ̡
ҲΪʲô˵ǻˣʬƣҪƲڸʬУһ࣬ĻɸʬƵˣҪĸʬͺѰζˡ
˵צûôа񣬲ʱҪö˫֣ĹҲʱжв
磬ôߵǵķˡ
ˣǸ֡ѾʶΣԣ֮ǰˮĺܶ໰Ÿо¡
ˮ̧Ŷȥ
̫ŵˡе㵣ĵƽ
̫ţû˵ˮƽ˵û˵̫ˣ֪Ķʵ̫ˡ
һ㶵ܿ뵽ˣ̫һǿޱȵɣ˵ݵ˾Ͷ֪ҡҡͷЦЦ˵ôܷŹǡ
֮ǰѾǻˣһǣɾǲģ·ϵΪ뿪ҰԶˮ΢Цſˡ
Ц˿ǶħһЦݣ䣬ϵΪȲ˵ΪߵҪϵΪҲ߲ȥ½ϵ޿׾ٵأ˵ôԶûΪ˻ȥҪ߶ꡭ
ûΪǵҲӣѱ޵ʱʹõıֶΣǴģûʵ޵ıԾͻʾ
ڰ·ƣӼ˻ҧأ˴ˡʱܲдӲȡ
оԼǿʱϾɱһƲԣֱˣ˴ˣı𣿡ˮЦſˡ
˵ɫе㲻Ȼʲô㲻ϣֻٴηŵ̬ߣһɱлòãҲмˣˣߣҪɱҪϤ㡣
ˮ˼Ŀ⣬½ǰѻ˷ߣʱնɱˮҲֻǷϵһֻ֣гޣûеܻĳɷ֡
ˮ¶ˣûгޣȻ֮ǰЩɱԼҲΪıأǳޣˮǲϵġ
ú˾ڵһΰɣˮҡҡͷ߰ɣס˵һ飬´Ҳ֣ϵҲСˣЩǲ𡣡
˵ˮڰ֣
ɴ⣬ˮһ˻뿪ˮ¶Էʲô⣬еʵ͸˵ˣֻԼõʲôҪˮûаЩ˷ŹôҲûио
ˮվﾲĵȵ֪Ů˵Ϊ£رͼԿףôԼȥӦúѡ
ʱһĹȥ黹㲻ûΪûеõôˬָоҲ֪ΪʲôоԼˡ
ŶʱˮͻȻ̧ͷսʯվ壬ϴҲһŮװ
ҡҡͷû̫ı仯ֻϸое㲻׽ɢǿҵζ
еӣˮûмӣ֪ʲôӣڸоƺʺ
΢Цһ£Ӱһˮߡ
ˮоϢԽ׽ˣһ᣺ôðɣ
ܺãҸôлأЦſˮ
֪Ųرͼļֵһαģû뵽ȴԼõȫĺôмɻҲǾԵı
ҪɣˮЦ
ˮŮ˺ɫҲ͵Ӵˣʵ˵⻰ʲô˼ֻǿŮ˱е㲻ʳ̻˾һ
ҲûҲûб仯һЦðɱڡ
ˮסˣһηһŮǰֲ֪룬ֲ֪ôӻŮˣƽ߸ϣˮԼоһңԶĸо
ָоǰһ׸һ˿˵Ҫ޸һ˿ʲôûУɻ鶼ûʱǾϲǲ֪ôΪԼܽ
ˮھ飬ӣһû׼أеš
һֵһ㶣һЦ˳Ц绨ۼˮоƺˡ
ƯˮعϵЦ
㣬ϵĶֻˡóһɫʯͷظˮ
ˮӹʲô
ҡͷʱˮѾʲô
ʯ
ڵ£ڵسֲʱһ룬ΧԳǧףֲֻЧ
ˮе㲻ţȻֶͻȻ뵽һЩĵر˵ĵرеʯȻֻһ²⡣
ⶫΪԼ𣿡ˮļڵõһ˵ˮ
ˮѾõ˻ƽսĴУһΪʲôҲòԼһȻһǰҪһˣŲرͼڣԼģʧ
ȴû뵽õʯˮ뵽ǵʯأǲˮʯأ
оԼе̰Ĳˣˮʯˮоǵʯø󣬱ϾҪҩڵϣοˮڵϵһСûЧ˭Ҳ˵׼
֮ϲ޴֮ϲ
ˮʶ𣿡忴ˮܿģʵ
ǵʯڵֲڼһʱ䡣ˮЦ˵
һ㶽ҡҡͷе㼦ˣܶҪҩݣʣһʱҲҪǧꡣ
Ҳ˵ֲҩҲط̲ʱ䣬ټʯԺֲֲܿҩҩ԰ˮ֪ⶫ˵ĲôȻڱ˵е㼦ߣˮ˵ǾԵˡ
ţǱ˰ɣ忴ֻʣˮˡ
ţЩ̫ˣȻɫ⣬һ⣬ҾͲˬˡ
΢Цſˮһˮ˵ȥˡ
Ǹ߰ɣѾûʲôˡˮûЧҲͲ˵ˣɴȥɣһγǴˡ
ţ
̤˻ȥ·;Ҳǵõս񴫳Уһ˺ˮ֮Ĺϵս񴫳жӡǣôҺС
һ˶ǵõĺôصٶȸ죬һ·ϵҲǺƽһˮĽһЩ
һֱû˵Ҫˮʲôˮ֪ҪԼæû˵ˮҲûʣʱ䵽Ȼ˵ġ
շתһˮصٺǣˮȥãҲס
֪ͨŮҲǵõս񴫳УҪɲˮҪǿ
ˮĻȻôҺܿģ׼˷ʢһ̸̸ʱľһٺʲô鷢


1516 ĵĻ
ٺʱ䲢ûгʲô£ٺҡӳļάοǷļ廹治٣ˮڣҲ˰ðƽġ
ΪҪչСѾѾͣûжþȻطˣߺѩŵҲ뿪ˣʣˮͨˡ
һȻˮǹϵ֪ԼѺһ̨ϣһֱŹϵöþͻֿټ涼⡣
شСˣҸܲʵΣ忴ˮЦʵ
˶ǵõս񴫳еˣһʵ޻̸ΪĹϵԺϿԷͬˡ
ǿܶ࣬ǿֹˮЦ˵
ˮܿģҲϣǿô˵ҲһˣοҲǸѡ
ǸشС㡭죬˼Բˡ
˵ӣôˡˮЦ˵
˪ӣ˵ҲǸͨѣ߱ͨѺһ㣬Ҫ׷ѰҪ׷һоûġ
ʱǺ£˳ȻʱãһŮ˲ҪѹĻ㣬˵һŮ˺ϲ㣬ͻȻ˵ͱŮʲô˵磬Ȼϲ㣬ѡɱʱô룬ôˮЦ˵
һѡ뿪˵
ˣٺǵһӣȴĸԸһŮʮأܾܶŮˣһкܺãźܶŮ˶ΪжϾЩŮ⣬еʱҪ˵Ϊʱ˵˾ͳ˸ˡˮЦ˵
ˮ֪Լ˵ҲǺܶԣֻоӳɲѰŮˣŮҪܶʱһ߽ġ
ţףҺˣҵһ㷽򣬶㻹û˵شСôˣƺܸȤ
Ҷû뷨ˮƽ˵
ߣʵǸߣҵżһҪңҪǱȱȿشС㣬ӳС㣿
𣿡ʱӳɲ廹
Цſˮˮ΢ЦżװûпĿ⡣
Цʲôɲ㻹֪𣿡ƤЦ˵
ӳɲʹĵһۣˮܾȡ
Ϊ岢ûϣڸоϣ󣬵Щ鲻ö϶Ǹϵ顣
ͨкȻǵķˣǷޣʱˮĽ֮ޱֻڶԷĸ飬罺ˮ齻ڡ
ˮ֪Լǲˣ˵˵ʵԽǿͻԽǿռͻԽǿ˵ŬҲûþͲȥˣõŬϣõôͻȥŬȥõ
ǶҲԴĿջʵ
ˮЦЦƺӳɲ뿪ˣһʣˮˡ
ʵϣܴ󣬵֮ܲˮЦ˵
òƷû˵ǰٷ־ʮŮеİӣˮҲòĺܡׯׯһƺе㲻ʣˮоֳ塣
˵ľģԵİӣ
ģ
ǺͿˣǰڣ̬б仯𣿡ˮȻ֪ӳɲ嵽Σھǲѣ˻϶Ǵѿʼģһˮ˿ɶɵԭ
Ҳǣ¶ĵЦֻˮе㡰աεҡҡͷҲԼķˡ

ʯѾˮɾУԸܵɾƺһǿϵָоֱ˺ܶ౶
ˮоʯԴٽɾɾѾǰ˼ˣż֪ҪʲôʱأˮûЩ£оҲżĻʯҲйϵ

ʵ˺ܶ࣬Ҫȹ̣ʵѾǺȹˣ·ϲʵѾˡ
ˮ㣬ֲ㣬Ͼڵĵ˺ͽʮʵˣԼ˲һǰ㡣
ˮ֪ʲôʵӦñ͵˿õսĴУҲ֪ʲôս
뵽ԼķΣзָʲôģлῴǲȤָǿˮᵽ
ˮѾѷָ͹ʽںԵŷָʵܶ࣬ҲܴĲھǸεߣҲսһ
ɲӪҵţЩʱˮڣѾвڵˮҽΣû̫Ѷǰˮǲǻˡ
ջûͣǰרˮ
ˮһȻǻҵһˣˮļǸٵʱ˾ڣֻһֱûô˵
ҽˡЦȵ˵
ˮû뵽һׯ԰ǻңԼģֻǻᾭ뵽ңˮɲô׺Ūġ
ôˡˮЦ˵ֵĲǶôȣʾ£ԼҲ
ҽ̫ˣٺǵĸ
ˮЦˡ
εЦЦ֪Լٲ˵¹ҪϳȥˣϾҺûʲôܹϵв졣
ϴǸӣﱻˣôһ磬㿴ôܰҽһ¡ε˵
ǻٲ۵İˮϡ
һˮƺˣǶǳ׻ˣҲΪҲΣκŮ𣿡
ˮ˵ȻûɱѾˣɽ׸ıƣκ˲öùƾͻɲ
֤Բˣٳ飬֣Լֽæ˵
Ļô뿪ˣβˮԻûʲôøУǸٸûкøС
Ҽүȥ֪̾к˵ҪĿġ
ûʱ䣬ڲпյʱȥɣˮƽ˵ǰˮҪһЩһɽ֮ˮ㹻ıǮˮڲκһʵ
ȻˮĿŰ֪֮ӵĴڣǱûеʵ˭Ե͵һûʲô
ˮ˽ⲻٵģļ벻ˮۣҪǻҵȷʵҪġ
ˮϻү˺ܲˬвݱˮˮװ֪òҪʲôǲûҳû䡣


1517 Ļ
ǻ뿪ˣﲻˬҷҲʲô顣
ˮЩ˵ԽѾǳΪ۸ڶŲ¼ӵˣǲѵġ
ڻˮûҪһ֪ѾԼ˦ˣˮ֪ҼǺԼӦΪԼһƴ֮֮ǰɪҵ˼ɵġ
ʱһ͹ȥˣˮûгţǼʲôˣβãǹϵԷָߣˮŻȥ
һ㶼ںԺŵõս񴫳УҪʱĥϣȻлֱõõеϤõսҪʱĥϡ
һ·ĥϵʱҲ̫̣ʱ·ʱڵϢ
ˮʼնûпֻɫˮСɫгǳġ
߹ļҪǿܶࡣ
ߵԺʱ򿴵ڲƺչ˫ۣȵ˲űͻȻޱȣ߱ĵط쳣ͦΣˮоزԽԽã˵ļ⣬˭ļԽԽ
屳ˮ΢һ㣬ⷽԿˣβ̣΢ɵ·ڵ
˫ȱֱ޳ˮһŮϲϿʱ΢Цſ
ˮеΣԼղôһֱһЩλˣЦ߹
ʲôء
ˮЦ˵һ䡣
ˮʵ˽ĵģΪŮͼϵŮӣӳɲҲƯˮȴûһ˼⣬ˮȴǻһЩ뷨
ѾڣˮߵŮѾˣˮǣÿһĵȥ˻ģˮϣÿһ˶ģÿһ˶á
ʮŮͼˮõʮһţѾҵ˱ˣһˮõһʱƺѾעˣһֱڣˮоԼпȫõʵҲн
ϰһЩս
ֱЦ˵
ˮ뵽ԼķΣǷս񴫳У˵һЩҲʺսҪҪԣ
ð
嵹ˬĴӦ֪ˮ˵˵˵ӦǱȽʺԼġ
ˮóָɱȣˮǣԷɱҲǺϲطָ
ˮһ£еļɣָˮ̹ˣЧ̫ãսΪһЩ׼ģˮоҲʹ÷ָӦÿѧõģһᷢЧǶãҪԭߵľԣϵľܶ࣬˵˵
Ұ㿴һ¾ɣ
ˮ˵
ͷϲָͷɱȣմӦæʵô鿴
˫֡
ˮʱƽ
еԥˮ峺˫һ֪ôȥˣһ̸о
һ˫֣˪ѩˮסϸ֬΢ˮһ̷Լܿ죬ҲҲòһŮеִٲ
ܽţ
ˮЦʵ
忴ˮûУ
ˮоеΣˮһ㶣û뵽ѾܽӽŮҲǸĵŮˣȻرǿңǡ
ĹӦÿƵĺɡ
ˮһ˵еڡ
ֱˮԴһ£ں˵СҴ㡣
㶼Ѿˣ
ôϻҪҪ
ŭߣˮûзС
ˮһΰʶ̽ľУ˵¾߶
ˮһľߣܶûùľʱˣһЩϸСľͨ
;ȣΪֺü΢СľͨڻͨȻʵôսȴܶࡣ
ϵľ󲿷ֶͨˣָľͨˣֻл֮ϸСû֮ͨǰѾͨˡ
ϵܣ㿴ֶˡ
ЦֻԶˮ塣
֪˼룬ˮֵܵ޸治Ǯ

ͨһ鿴΢ЦվߣһֻķĴڲ࣬ͨεЦЦŤͷѾӰˡ
쵰ġ
Ҳǿˮ壬һſͨǲǺĽ
㻹֪ʱʲôû˱ÿ
˵һֻѾƹǷϡ
˿˫ִļϣط䣡
С
ͨһֱʧ

ˮ۾ûɿ֣оô
ܺãɿˡ
忴ˮЦ
ָоܺã
ˮ˵ɿˡ
΢΢ǳĽëһˮ˵Ļֵĸо֮ǰǱ峺۾飬ס˫֣ҲΡ
˵·֮ˣŮ֮ԱҪŵÿ֮ǰ龭ʲôģֲʲôο½һЩҽʦβʱҲǲŮġ
˵ǰ࣬һģڹŴвͬŮ˵λҲܸߣһһ޵Ҳܶ࣬һ޶ȴǺ٣̫ˣеһЩŮЩŮҲкܶˣ󹬡ǧее㱻Ϊˮ˵ָоܺã˵оһ˼Ǿϵġ
ˮѾɿ֡
Ҽסˣԣ
忴ˮЦˣе㿪ģ֪Ϊʲô
ˮЦŵͷ˺󼸲
嶯ǺܵλǸŮˣɬɬʱڵԪУʱ佥ԽԽٶҲԽԽ졣
ˮһǰһĶͷȥ
֪ˮǸ𵥶ЧҪúܶ࣬˶ûʹöȣֻǼɺӦϡ
ŹϱķָͬʵȻǶ֣Ͼѧᣬǵõ˴ڷָϵҲѳԽˮ
ˮٴһָȥǶϴæһֵλòԣҪʱˣλǰ
ɶǼͦĶˣˮȻȲ󣬼ϻæ֣ǵˣһָӣӵˡ
쵰
屻ее飬ʱϵĳ쵰ġ
ίĵˮһת뿪ˣˮվԭز֪룬ǹġ
Щ鷢˾ǷˣⲻⲻҪҪڳе󣬲ȥʲôӿڣر顣
ˮҡҡͷȥķſڣԥòš
˭
þź΢Ļġ
ң㿪ţ
ˮæ˵
屳ϣʲô˵ɣˡ
ˮ֪ǽڣǸûҶҽ
ȥ
Ҹòã
ˮεЦ
СҴ㡣
ںһЩûʲô֪֮ǰˮǹģȻߡ


1518 ۷壬ʲôҶ
ˮ˵֪ûˣ˵ҿһ£֪ûҾߣҪҾһֱ㡣
仰˵ˮое飬⻹ое֪ϲʣѾ˵ˣ˵ȥĻóȥˮ
źĬˮеվ⣬֪ʲôʱʼȻеںŮˣˮҲ֪ϲϲŮˡ
Ǻһˮ֪ǲܺӵģ⻹мʹŮͼûɾ壬ɾʱ治ͬõŮͼҲʮͷˮо·ʶǧһ
Ҳûжʱ䣬һ죬ˣӰˮǰЦЦû£º˰ɣ
ˮҲЦˣ֪˵ʲô֮䲢û̫Ľ飬ʵȻʱһֱһ𣬵Ҳһͨѣ߱ͨѺһЩ
ˮŲڣ֪Լ˵ʲôôһֱ塣
ôˣ
屻еĻţ΢΢ͷ
û£û¾ͺãúϢ
ˮæ˵Ȼڰ뿪ˣֵֹֹĸо
ˮˣ忴ˮʧıӰЦˣ΢ĵطŵ̻̻ϧˮ
һֱˮĺƽ췢ֲƽܲƽ֪Լʼϲˣϲʲôȴ˵
ֱ˵ƯǿˮԼţоϲһ˲ϲһ棬ϲĸо
ȥˮɾ֮׿˼Ǿ˳ȻҲܡ
ƳܾãҲ²ˣҪһʱ䣬оҩľҲƿƵģ鶼ôˣˮҲĹעԭˡ
˵ʯʱͻСһ

ڶһرˣһˣǰ̸ǿƣҲϢˣ̤úֱҪˮ
ʱˮһ۾ͷˣΪ˵ʵǿ󰡣һС̫һ
˿ܲϣƺǺϣ׵ͷʵǰɳڣ˫Ŀ˵Ĳɣüëͣ˸о˺ܺ
˼ʲô飿
ˮϹŵ΢Ц˹ȥ
˿ˮĺϸˮС
ǻҵˣ
˼򵥵ļȴˮһ㶡
ǰʲô𣿡
ˮ뵽ϴǰˣ˵ҵȥĪ˾ǻҵ棿
ǰǰæҲֻԼˡ
˻Ц
ˮоЦеɭһȺУое䣬ûбֳ
˵ϢʶסˮģԱߵ˵ûʲôоˮһǱ˾һߣһɣʲôģҲöԺù
ǳȥ˵ɣ
ˮָָ棬Ҳûֱͬȥ
Ҳûʲôı仯ӰһҲʧá
ˮܵϵʶǿң˵ʵǲԼǿܶ࣬ԼѾ֮ǰԼˣʵҲнҪǻֻǿޡ
ˮٶȲ˵ٶҲǺܿ죬ˮбһֱ߿գȻվЦſѾˡ
ʱ˺֮ǰƺһһڵһѳʵȴַޱȡ
ǿϢ·ʵһϵˮȥһһ㡣
ͷǿѹˣҿ˵ġ
ˮЦ˵˭ǿǿ󣬶Ѿˮдۿۡ
֪֪һҺûӣΪٺǵЦ
˿ˮɢŭ
ΧĿƺѾʼᣬˮƽƿر˲˵ľ˵ҾΪ£
ˮĺƣȻԼûûӣҲǻԼģ˵úͻҲû̫ĳͻ
֮ǰǸҲˣүٺǴò˵ˣòˣֻûүҶܵ˾޴ʧ
ˮʲôˣԼûɱѾˣǰʵΪӵܣΪ˻ҵ
ô˵Һҵѵֻܱ۸ܻ֣
ˮЦſˡ
¾׳嶯ƺٸλᣬҽκһҵˣѻҵׯ԰ң򻪼ҿ
˿ˮ˵
ˮãȷ˲ڿЦЦ˵ôаң
ҲЦˣҲ㣬Ѿ۷ˣʲôҶ


1519 Ļ
ˮַĵԽоǲԼԼһϣ֮԰Լгûö־ԽֱӵӣҪˮ𾪺;ˮĺݣֱɱ˸о̫ˣҪһĻˮһľ
˵겢ûпˮϵĻֲ֣̿м˺ܲˬҲûжٷŭġ
ˮȻܵǿ󣬵о廹ǲһЩǱԼĽ͵ҲǲһЩ
ģֻҪгֻеһֻܽ⣬ûУҪ˵ıݣʱΪĺգ߷ߡ
ҾΪ˺˵Щ𣿡
ɵĿЦ
֮ǰ˵ĺˣҪҪԼѡ񡣡
˾ӸµĿˮ
Ҷѡ
һ㶣ˮ˵ѡѾûбҪˡ

˵ˮȥĽŲһ̧һһӾ͵ˮǰƻ£Ѿ½һĴڣ۷۷ҲǲСġ
ˮѽʵת۷壬˶ֵʱҲˣǿƺѾˮ
أ
ˮڼϣֱӵɳȥˮ˵ǾȻֻǸо΢΢ʹܿһҲûˡ
ǿķһֳ̫ǿˣˮܸˣóƽս˳˹ȥ
ʽͷָĹʽǿޱȣԸǰеǿϺѹ
֮ǰһȻûʹȫڴˮʱȴǽ˺ܶ࣬һֱӷϵˮһ۰ġ
Ȼ˵ûܵʲô˺ˮʱлޱȵģŵٴˮȥ
أ
һöģٴαɵˮ﷢ëˡ
ˮӴˣ֪ܴ⣬֮ԺսΪĥʵսȻֱг˺ˡ
ޣ
ޣ
ˮõǰ涥ţ޺֮˳ȥеĻƽսȫ
ˮڲ˵УҪǶԵо飬ˮһΣʱ̿Զȥ⻹еޡ
ͨˮˮȴޱȣ޲ץסˮֱʬΡ
˿ֱóһ˫޴ĴӣɫģһĴӣһ˼ϸԵʹãűĺ⡣
ⴸӲˮԸܵĵ
һˮҪҪг͵ֱ϶սĻҲսһ˵

֮
ˮֱ̤ŹѸٺˡ
ӡ
׷
ˮڷ׷ǿ󣬾Ȼͻ֮һİԵɵٶȽͣٹ涨ʱͻ֮ֻ࣬һȫʵһٶȡ
֮ѾɵٶȣȫɵʵоͰɵٶȣӡʱʱģˮҲûбʲôϣ
ӡûЧôҲ˲ĳɵٶȣҲˮаսԭˮٶȱͿֲǱˮǿܶٶҲûκƣˮҪܶ࣬Ҳˮһսʤǿߵһɺԭ
׷ͻƺŴﵽЧұˡ
׷ǿԽĿ굱ǰٶȺ͹ٶȣһʱʱ䣬ɽ
ڴ½ٶȱҪĴڣΨ첻ƣٶȾٶȾһУǴ̿ΪʲôɱǿĴڡ
ˮ׷ͻ֮˵ٶȴۿۣϤٶȺȻô࣬ϰߣǳֶжʧ󣬱ִ´࣬ȴֲ̧һ룬ԷѾ˼ϣ
أ
Ȼ˴͸Ч˵ĹģȻǿ󣬵Ͼˣ޲һʹ󣬻ƽսꪴ͸˵˺ġ
ƽսֱӽ˵ļᴩˡ
ҲˣƺһһִֻˮһóȫǾԵķŭһ
ˮսƽսꪣȻŭ֣ȴǺڵٶȣˮеĻƽսҵһ
ž
˵ըˣƽսһתǰסǾ޴Ĵӣˮٴαҵĵɳȥһ

Ҳ֪ʵˮһʲôãһϽôһµʱʧˡ
˵ƺأ߼ȥѣѪģѪӿͻȻóһƿµĴƿѸٵĵڼ򴦡
ӿѪѸֹס
ˮ֣ﲻǰһЩЧĵҩеģҩݿ˵ЧرãƵЧˣֻǲ֪ܲùԭ
ŭˣŭˣʲôʱôǱһһ˵Уˣҵʹʶеģ
˺أȥֱֲܿţѾһ
һֻӴӸ߿յȥ
ˮһг͵˵ģڿˣ׷ͻ̫֮Եˡ
Ӷڲ֤˷·Ѫһ̫аˣȻشԼ
ˮܾϲļǿޣƽսꪵԾһƻ˵˵ˣǵ޺ڻƽսִꪳ͸ЧʱҲܴ̽ȥСɽһ壬£ǵڲƣҲο޵峬ǿ󣬲ô׻ٻġ
ȥɣ֮
˲ΧһƬɫķĩһĶ˷ˮȥ˲һ޴ıˮס
ԽԽҲԽԽǿңˮʵѾɾ
֮ǰΧ־޴ʱ֪һξǿɱﵣǿͨɱ۷ֵͨɱ
ˮڵһʱͽɾȻһС
޴ıԽԽСɽͷôɢ޵տɫΣһɻصϢӡ
ԣ
һ޴ı죬ˮΧһƬ飬Կǳһ̵Ļ˺þãһޱȣˮ֪ȥֱӾͻᱻʵ÷顣
ΧָʱˮԶͺ£֮ǰסֱӻ͵ռѷбɡ
һ㣬һ˲ƺ˺ܶ࣬ǿսˮоһܶ࣬ΪۣʧȥһЩԪ
˿ˮվʱ·𿴵һţ촽ŶţͻȻһѪҡҡλε׹ȥ
һٴѪҲûˮϵˣ˳Ϊ֪֮ô
ɫĴˮⶫŰɣԶűģ԰ⴸӸĳɱ


1520 Ե׷ʤ̫
սˣˮ˿ûܵ˺Էʵˮ˺ܶ࣬ȴǳϣȻˮ֪˱ذܣû뵽ڲг͵˵¾սʤʤĺܸɴࡣһвżȻƽսǿ󣬵ûл֮ͺ׷ƽսꪲܽӴ˵ӣˮһʼǴսĿģûдԼսˣ֮׷ټ˵Ʒȷʵ⣬ֱӳ˻ƽսꪵĴ͸
ƽսꪵĴ͸ʩչʽʱ͸ļʻӣԸʵ̫ʱʻĽ͡
˱ˮǿܶ࣬ˮоԷϣҲùעһ١
洫صĳ߿յȥ뻹˵ģѾˣϼһˡ
ˮûȥٸϾɱûбҪҽʦʥҽ˵ʱҪϾɱ˷ϵ֮Ѿˣ֣˶ֵġ
ҵãʹˮһġ
ˮ뿪ˣҪһ֮ǰսĵϲǾ޴ģһսһʶԼʵս
׷ͻһЩÿֲޱȣϻƽսꪺ޿˵
һɺ˭ĸоصɾʼӡˮʵѾ©һǿ
ĽսʵսѾʾнշħ뵽ˮЦˣ˵֮޵ְɣ龳ˮ治ס
Ҳ֪ôˮͻսϢʹ˳ȥڶ֪汻ˮˣΪһˡ
ˮһҽʦһҽʦٺûаŮ飬ãһȽȻվˮһߵ˶ࡣ
ʲôʱȺڵǺǿģ֮Ҳ֪ôʹˮǻƽսĴߡ
½սǳĵ𾴣ս񴫳еݸˮһ㻪Ĺ⻷֮ˮ֣Ϊ֮ƺӻƽսꪴ͸ļʣпԳֹֻ̫ˡ
ˣ˵ͻҹϵ֣Ҳͻˡ
컪ʮˣҵʱ̫ˡ
ˣҪңҲŹңԼŮˣˮŮҲ˱ˡ
ǰҴסͻѻˣҲŹȺ˵ġ
Һģ踺أɷӦ졣

ļˮûгţȴǷзģ˵û䣬Ѿٲά裬̶̵ļ֮Ѿʧ֮һˣƻӡ
ЩѾˮܵģѩŵǻǻ淢һиԴ֮ˮ֮ҲûôӴ
⼸춼Ҳ֪ڶˮҡҡͷһˡ
廹һ׷ѰӳСĽŲҲˣӲ¶⣬ΪһӳС֪ԼϲԲôֳԼôϲ³ˣλһ룬Լܲˡ
׿ЩӳС֮ǰ˺ܶ࣬ʵ֮ǰӳС㷴ô򣬲ЩĻ廹Ǻܲġ
Ȼܿģ˽ͻˮ߿࣬ˮ⣬ˮҲﲻϣֻ˵һ仰Ͳˡ
ӳСҪϲңɱޡ
һ仰ֱӹϵľܾˮһеİ
ˮڵ˼ϣ춼£ǺСѾѾ棬Ǻ̽һƺ֮һҡ
ˮĸ¥ȥ֮ҲʶܳʱˣǰɽȻڣˮоŮϺ֪
ԼоǣصŮôˮͲ֪ˡ
Ů棬Ҳܿ̿࣬Щнĳɾͳ츳Ŭ֮⣬Ҫʱ䣬ʱñĶ
ˮ֪Ů˲ӵɾĶҲбʥúܶ౶ĶȻǲܴﵽɾ͵ġ
ˮˣЦЦͷԴϴι֮Ҳˮˡ
ˮЦ߹ȥŲԶСͤȥôһλÿϢȻµĲƺҲԡ
Сͤеʯһ裬ʯǹ⻬Ĵʯһʯпżֻ豭
ˮҳܳʱˣҪȥˡ
΢Ц˵
ˮĻһǺ̬ܿǱ𣿡
ҡҡͷˮǵ˵Ǵģֻأ
Ҫشˡ
˵һֱĿˮ
ˮᣬȥأֻڵʵޣַŲҲȥ
Ҫһȥ𣿡
ᣬĿˮ뿴ˮķӦһ
ãһȥ
ˮȥͬ룬ȥˣٵһʱɣûʵҵǸ⡣
ЦˣôңҰˣ
Ҫ㡣
ˮЦſ
²
һһ䡣
Ц绨ˮеԣƯ
ˮ֪ǵڼοˣӦкü˰ɣˮĻ̧ͷʵϲ𣿡
ˮһ㶵ͷӦϲ
ʲôӦϲϲϲϲǲϲ
Ц˵
ƯŮҶϲϲҸоϲϤĸо·ʶǧһ
ˮЦ˵
ԭҲǻƭŮ˵ġ
Ц
㻹Ůˡ
ٺ˵ŲҴ㡣
˵
ƵҲˮü΢СʲôҲ˵
֪㲻ġ
忴ˮֱӱˣ֪ʲôʱԼƺ׽һЩ㶼ˡ
׼һ£ǾͶ
ˮ˵
ʱߣȥ˵һ
ã
ˮǴͨҺӳңúܰȫοͨעҪǿģȻڻǺǿ󣬵Ҳһܼġ
ӳٺǾԵǿңöдοǼҴСҲá
ˮҪ뿪ǣôﾲޣˮʱҲοﻹδ飬ȻᣬҲˮСġ
ˮ˿ᡣ
㣬ļңҲᾭģչ˺Լû˸۸㡣ˮ˵ţı
һģ
ˮ仰Ǹ˵ģҪҲ֪ˮ˼ǵʱˮ켣˾޴ı仯
һ߿ţ֪ĺܶ飬ʱ򿴲ˮоˮܺãһθоһͶԵĸо
ˮ뿪ˣźݸһķǰȥǺݵвǿƵв


1521 »ǣŮ˵ĸ
Уˮѵľ֮˵Ÿ·ģѡɣζУ
û˵ԼǴʲôˣӦǴĻգôǿʵڴʲô㣬ʵڵʵҲǶһһǲ۷壬ˮ֪ˮ֪𻪼һҲѷɫ
ҲǾֻķʽ·ˡ
Ц˵
ˮͷãġ
ЦЦƺеˮоǴҲûںŵĵطһСǳأ󣬴һһСǳء
»ǣ
һСǣСǣλҲƫƧǾƫһᵽط
㣬һٸ·ɣ
ˮΧЦ˵
ţ
Ӧһ
ˮͰǲֵ࣬Щƣڴϣ½гǳصĵطˣ˺ܶ࣬½ȱˡ
»ǰ»ɽܺãڷˮܲϧλƫƧ￴
ˮָдٸԣĵطҲˣĵطҲиˣͨ˶࣬ݺǿ󣬱⼸ǿ˺ܶܶ࣬ȴǲ߶١
˲ţһһ
壬֦͸Ӱɣ
һСˮŷ֣֪ʲôʱ߳һСŮҲ߰ӣݣ·أϴĺܸɾͻľ˫Ĵ۾¶ͼ֡
ˮе㶣뵽ԼĶŮСŮ˵ģôһʱ䣬ԵЦŽӹСŮһ֦޵Ļ黨Ǵ½ǰõ廨ͬõĻ
ˮűӣʱСŮѾĵĺ˴к뿪ˡ
СŮСӰһǮϺӣ֪Ǻ
СŮȻ࣬ȴǶģǮı仯˶ϣǲôʱһĥͻȻˣûǮô棿
ˮû
͸㣡
ˮعͷ彫һ޵黨ظˮ
ˮǳ˳飬ӹ죬ȴǻһ˵ĸоЦ˵ǲҪ顣

Цǰȥ
ˮһ黨ںţΧ˻ΪˮûдӦء
СӣҪ٣Լξͳɹˡ
һˮ˵
ллϴү
ˮЦЦ˰ڰ׷뿪
ˮܸӣ黨ֻ飬ŮҲûŮҲãǸ˼
ˮܸӣ֪ʲô˼Ȼ֪Ǹ˼پԲھǸ˼
ţС̯е̡СԵȣһطһɫһרŵСԽ֡
ˮÿһضƷСԣʳɫҲʳΪ죬̫ҪˣҲǺܴһܡ
ԵĲ࣬ˮȴǳԵĲ٣Ƿſθڣ߻иôԱͨ˳ԵҪö࣬Ա˿ԪԣֱԪꡭ
Ȼ̫ˣǶóԵܴﵽЧ
СǻǺֵģΧķæţÿ˶һ㣬һȦתֻŵתȦҲеĵСתȦҲСǵĹ켣Բջص㡭
ΪʲôˮҵţеΪ˳޻ţеΪ˰ţеΪ˻ծ
㣬ΪʲôҪء
ˮʵ
һ㶣ˮеãеƣ˵һ͸ŵΣûΪʲô
һ͸ŵΡ
ˮ仰仰оôĻ£һοԸܶܶ࣬ûʸǸĸģûʸԶҪš
Ϊʲôأ
ˮЦʵ
ǲʵġ
תͷЦ
Ҳ֪ʲôء
ˮûгҲûзϣ˵ҲʲôӦòʲôɣ
˻ŲһΪʲôţһҪģôˣʲô𡣡
Ц˵
ţϲ˺ϲңҸô
ˮʵ
屻ҭһ£ĿˮɫȻµ˵Լ˵ԼҲ˵ҡҡͷ˵ǾͷְɣûҪǿ
Уҿɲô䣬Ӻɷʲô˵ǲ㡣
ˮЦ˵
΢΢ҡҡͷȻڲԶһ¥˷䣬뿪
ԹƳϡ߳¥׼ҹϵ»ǱҪÿĶࡣ
ǿƯŮˣ磬磬𡣡
һͻأڲԶ
ɣＸʮ˻ûôƯŮˣѸҪÿһٱǣһ򱶡
磬ȥӦˡ

ˮΪˣеСüۣһ룬Ҫж
ˮЦˣЩƦۣȻҴ⣬ǲˡ
λСҼһΣļҵľƵľƺܺãȾļţҲƲЦ
ˮˣ⹷Լֻ⹷յ˵ôôء
ҷɣãҾǺȾơ
˵Ȼˮ䡣
ˮٴμӿ죬Ȼ֪Ů˵˵Ǻ̧ܼͷĹˣ˭Һɢ
ˮ˵ס
ˮݺݵŤһµ˵̫֣СҴ㡣
ˮЦЦšĲۣˮеԳ
СӣʶϹǹ翴ˡһˮȵ
ԽԽҰԽҰԽ֪ЩһӦҲǺаԵϵ˶ǶЩ˵ġ
ԣҹһȺɵ⣬һȥûǡˮǹĶŵӾͶģ̲ס˳ֻǰĻ仰ڴ½ҲǺеġ
ҿŰֵ֪ǹ˵㡣Ǹ˵
ȺƤʵҲǵֻǵƦʮΪģ۷壬ӦúͰ̵ɣΪһ۷Ϳôš
ųЩƦˮһһĳ˹ȥ鵽ֱӵɳȥѪҲʣ²˼ˡ
һǳ׽ǴˣҲˣ֮пֱߵǿ󣬺ܿ˹ڵϴ
ʵǿһܼԦôһȺˣȻǴˣֱˮǰ飬ԭһΡ
ҸҴŮ˵⣬Ҫóͷ
ˮ˵һžС

һҽָ֮粻ΪûˣҲٻŮˡ


1522 »»¶ʥ
ŻһصˮûʲôоЦ߹ȥЦӣǶˣû˸۸㡣Χ˿˶һʵľۿʲôˮĶܺãЩ˵ʲô
ҪǽЩ˶ͺˣԺ徻ˡ
ǰȺаŮŮǱЩ˺ġ
ƶбǲĶϣүۣͷǡ

ˮĻϲĵһۣȻ뿪Ȼ΢Ӱġ
ߵʱˮΧˣЩѾûΪˣ۸ˣôҲǡ
ЩȻ֪ˮʲôˣ֪Ķԣˮ֪ЩûˣбĻ˳֣ЩѾùˡ
ˣֿɼ鲻һ£οЩ˾ȻԼϣⲻҳ
ˮûɱǣЩֻһЩƤȻмΪﻹǺǿģֻ벻ͨʵ»ǳΪһ壬Űġ
ʵˮ֪ǵõлǸӡåȻʵҲϲ磬ǰӵţһˣÿ춼ΪԷͻȻǮˣܶ׷ͷΪһⶼ벻
Ҳǵùעдһ١
ˮһȦͻؾ¥ˣ¥һ㣬»Ҳһ൱ĵˡ
ܶ˶ڳҹˮҲԵҹڴ深ǵҹ
ͷڿλûһŮͶһ˹
С㣬£֪»Ϊʲô»𣿡ˮŮ뿪ʱ˵
˶֪Ϊﰤ»ɽҶ֪Ů΢Ц˵
»ɽô𣿡ˮʵ
»ɽҲɽҰͣ˵»ɽһЩ»ѩ׾ӨƯһЩ¶飬»¶ֶҰ޳˻ͣҲβҩôܶ࣬õĺ١Ůĵ˵
»¶ˮˣⶫӡ󣬼е»¶ǿ޵Ϊ֪»¶ܲܣŮ˵ģӦǿԵġ
Ů뿪ˣˮЦ˵ȥ»ɽɣ
ãˬĴӦˡ
һ˵٣ʱҲ˵һ㣬ʱޣʱȴ꾫һˮȴǲ̫һ޴׽Ůˡ
Թҹ뿪¥»ɽȥ
»ɽˣɽɽˮˮ»ɽΪ»ǴĲƸɹƣ˵»һ˶ǿ»ɽŵġ
˸е»ɽ½յѩ·Ϊһѩ׵ɴ˸о˵ؽࡣ
ҲϣһɵϮֻ»ɽڱԵشֻܰһЩ֮
»ѩӨӦúңŮ˵Ƕһ㶼»ɽһĵطˮֱӷųޡ
޳ǿɱ֮⣬ȫ߱ѰѰӦܴԼҵ»ġ
ֱʵսУ»ɽԵش¶ȵ˺ܶ࣬ǾԿԵˮɱġ
ô¶𣿵һ뵽һ¶ˣӦǿԵġ
Ⱥɽ֮䣬»ĳ֣ܿ㷢һ꣬һͿȷ»
»ߣҲһ˸ߣѩһѩһ֦ïҶҲɢ׵ľ룬Ư
ˮͨȥ
»֮䣡
һϸܵ¶飬ˮٴһ֪¶ȽǸͨ˺һҰʹãЧܺãʵǿ޺ûá
ˮˣ»¶ҪǺ»йϵԽ»¶ҲԽ֪ˮˣɾֵʯ
ֱӶֽ»Χȥ»ֲɾˮΪѾֲˣϴεĽչҲֲˣֲʲôطֲû֪ҲûдΪˮ˵ӦҲ˵Ի粻ʡ
ٴѰңˮ»ݶǴˣ»ϾԪͷˡ
ֲҲԪҲ֮ǿͻȻǲͻ֮ǰĹؿڡ
ҩֲҲǷֵȼģֻͻƵǰĵȼԪҲ᳤ãǰɰԪͳ»ֻͻƵǰĵȼԪꡣ
»ɽ»൫Ҳ٣ˮû»ö£׻
ɾڿռܴ󣬻ĵغܶ࣬һֱֲȥаʱͣʱžȵޱȵĿˮ
ЩҪռĵطûʡ
ˮ循ȣЦ˵иֻԼ֪ʲô𣿡
ҡҡͷ
Ĳ棡ˮЦˡ
ֻлûкôܿסԼĺ档΢Ц˵
ֱӴ»ɽ뿪ˣǰﵽľ뻹治ǰ·ŵˣӪϢ
ǿǿ󣿡ˮЦʵ
ô˵أ˭أ
𣿡ˮЦʵ
һ治֪ûȷд𰸣ֻǵ;˵˵УлûУҲ֪ûС
ˮҲûڶʣ֪˵ʵ۷ʵܴɲô״ﵽġ
ķָҲǺˣҾȻս񴫳еһЩսںϣΪǿ
ˮûмʵսս񴫳еЩս棬ҪǷ貽һЩַս
˵ٶȱѶãٶҪ죬óٶȵģٶҲرĿ죬ˮһҲѷɫҪǿһЩˮл֮׷
ʵôʱ䶼û˵Լļ֪ˮݣǸҽˮ֪ǴˣڱƺҲһǿݡ
ʱ䲻֪ĶɹҲԽԽˣһ֮ھܵʥ
ʥһҪǿٵܴѾһʱˣܿҪɹȥˣҲʥĻʳˡ
׼ȥͣһʱ򣬿ͻȻһɫǰ
ˮǵһμī۾Ѫ죬˵ħаĴڡ
׳׳ޱȣɢһɹϢѪ۾׺ޱȣҲ֣ˮҲû뵽
ҪʼĴڣ뵽ǸʶпɫӦòӣأ
ˮߵ壬ŶûκβûвмҲûоţеֻƽ
ҲͶʮˣǿŮˣҲˡ

1523 ˷צ
ҲīұȶֻһҲѷɫƺӸ߹һ㣬Ҫ֪ڵ˵ѪҲǸ߼ˡ
ͣԭƺܲȴǰԭĴž޴˫ᡣ
ˮŶ棬ȻҲʲôҲǴŵˣҪ֪˺ͬȼĴڣûɫķ˿ۣԽԽᷢԽͿڵɫûôȴһɱϬ
ˮ治֪ԷΪʲôסԼҲ˵뿴Էô
Է߳һˣᣬˮֻ࣬˵ϵ䣬ͦΣſнƷζӦһעشŵˣҲ˵
Ǻãô΢Ц˵
˾һǡôİյе׽֣ˮ
֮䲻֪ʲôġˮЦ˵
ҵĺĺڷ˴һΣ˿ˮ˵
ˮôҲû뵽Է˵һ£֪ΪʲôҪȱΣ
ˬ죬ɣȱȣʤˣԺһͶԷȣԷֻһˣȻ䣬ô˺ˬЦ
ˮоƺʲôͼھȻ֪ܲ˲򵥣ûˮоġ
ãԡˮûʲôɵǵģʹӦˡ
ɣڼЩͷΣϵЦݸˣˮȴǴӶԷЦиܵһ˿ͼ
ˮЦˣˣʲôͷ
ɣǸ˵һҪԷӵеһһΣȻҪڶԷ¡ûжֱ˵
ǲ˽⣬֪ӵʲô𣿡ˮûЦƽ˵
Ҳ֪Э𣬱ҿҪԿġĿĿ塣
ˮЦˣⲻ𣬵ҡҡͷҪҵʲôأ
ߵλСһ飬֪Ӯ˵Ļܸܲ΢Ц˵ȻһǿӲĸо
ˮЦˣŮ˲һƷûˣ֪ǲǾŮ˻
㡭ˮĻҲǺߣҲһƽ
㲻ң䣿
ʹļ
ˮӦ뿪
ʱȴЦ˵
Ҳһ㶣û뵽嶼ӦˣǺЦ㿴һ˻Ů˻
仰˵ˮˡ
Զ㵱ɶעġ
ˮҡҡͷᶨ˵
˵ĸоůģûκεı˵֪Ӯûϵġ
ʲôΨԣԶԡ
ˮ˵ĺᣬǷݼᶨȴ𾪡
岻˵ˮǿŶ棺ҪȾͱȣעǲܵģ򣬾ͲҪǵȥ·
ΪʲôǾͿʼɣ
˿֮ǰ˵ĻΪ˼ҲͲϾˣֻҪӮ˻ܵ
˺ԽоûвϲŮˣϺţŮ˾ƯŮ˶˵һ
Ÿ߿շȥҲúȥˮ͵֮һϵǿ΢ʶơ


д֮Ȼһ˵ĺгʼնֻ˵˶ûг

һ𣬺޴ӰӶһ֮ǿпŽǰ
ͬҲǷһķ޴˫һȣʮڤһźȥ
𡭡
Ǻǿ󣬵ڵ˵ڤ֮Ҳǲҽ˵ʵǿǿԽס˵Ĺġ
Ӱһ޴źȥ
ٶȿһɫ磬ټײϺʱұ߾޴ĳȻһգб̹ȥ

ž
ˮоǣȻںϻһСĿںѪӿһŭĺ
ɫƽֻ˲עʱ˫۾ͻȻһ˿ڵɫһεȻˡ
ˮʶĸܵڵĵٶʵ½һɣҪ֪ʵһʵǺֲܿġ
ˮˣԭһ֣ԽͻһҿԽʶţȻһЩҲгɹʵġ
ˮ֪ǲгɹʣһǳɹˡ
Ȼ½һúƣϵ˿ѾָĻָǺܿµģںѾǿ͵˴ƽ
¶һŵЦݣƺһж֮С
ˮĴˡ
Цˮ˵
ˮһ飬Ϊǰʱָ˵ǸĴˡ仰ˮһôԲ
㣬ҵĴҪҪԡ
ˮЦ˵˵仰оԼе
о仰ë֪ŹֵĿˮ
ˮٺЦЦһЦ϶仰ʲôŹ֣һۡ
ˮֱӷսϣ
ֱֲ֮ǰȻ󷨺ս⻷˵ʵ۷塣
˵ɫʱеˣܵȻʵЩֻΪǵ˵
˻ûüʲôͿһĻ
ˮͻȻʹ׷ͻ֮
Ѿʵ˵ĺͻȻٶȽĳɣʵɣʱķצֱӲ˺λá
һرڣ֮۴֮ɱǸطһͻᷢŭػɱǰŭһУһ㣬㣬Ĳλ
ʵͲˣڵ˵ʵﵽ۷壬Դﵽ˽ʮĴڣ֮ʵѾʮٶȸǸϣһʹõĻһɱ
צ
Ϭ۷壡

һĲҽУӰ˳ȥ޴ţƺҪһһģʵ̫⡣
ˮҲе㾪ȣܽܣȴޱȣ֪ʵͻȻ֮˵ıʵ̫ˣԼҲûʵ
˵ɫҲܱ֤ƽˣҲ̲ס˳飬ˮ޲ýʬΡ
ĺѪͳճ꣬ʵڲϵ׶Σȴˣ嶼̲סˮȴ΢Цſûһ˿
˼ĺǿҵѱûаպãıȶʼ𣿡
ˮ˵
ǻȶھˮŪˣλ壬Σ
ˮҲܲµʲô˼Ҫ˶ԸԼһˡ
⣬Ӧÿԣǿ߽Ҫˡıֱ˵

1524 ɱħ
˵ĻҲǳĬȻ󿴿ȥĺʬ壬ٿ޺ˮˮɵŮˣ񿥵ĵˡ
ҹʻ죬ûôԱ飬һֱǱ˼ʵĶʥҵϵţĽӹҵһС
ȻʥĻңȴʥĵһң˿ѷɫҹһĿꡣ
츳ѣûһ˿ﵽĵزӵ˱˷ܶһٱӶòĶԺգòӢ˵Ҫ÷Ҫꡣ
ȴͻȻ⵽ĴִǻԵģˣˣ棬ܰѶԷĨɱռӵеһУƽ
ȣΪʲôȣ
·һɲ̵ζ
ǾͿʼɣ
ˮ˵Ͽգ͵˲վ
˳һնɽҲ˿Уûˮǳһ͵ŤȻθࡣ
òӢʱԴϳĽǣܿˮ֪Էˡ
ħ
ֻǲ֪ǵõħĴлħĺˣˮû뵽ôҪħʵˡ
ˮóƽսꪣŶԷħĺ˻ǵõħĴУ
ҹˮɫЦˣûע⣬ԭսʵˣǲ뿪ˡ
ˮЦЦҡҡͷǲһסҪˡ
Ҳ̫߿Լˣ£ҲͲûˡҹˮЦ
ҲҹԶˮܵǿһˮߡ
ʥԶʤ٣ôŰ衣
󣬵ȴǿĴÿ˵ĶС
ʵҹȻ˸жϣԽһľ͵ﻢµ
ˮҹĴʵ̫ˣˮ뿪ôΪܽˡ
ˣν춼ˮ뿪οһڣԸӦúס
ˮɫĽս⣬ս⻷󷨡ϣԴ
λС㲻ֵĻԺԸңΪҸŮˡҹʱҲ䣬˵ȡ
Ҳûп·û˵һһ쳣ںƺһʧȥһŮŭȴеԸ
һѾƺοʥôǵģҲôǵġ
λ壬֣ǸŮĲҪ
λ̾潻ҹһУȻҪСܱסҹʱҹһо
Ҳԭλ˲ŵͷӦȻǫǿɱ׶ǿʵղ׼ʱʵǱپģʵҪھǰһлжǲ԰׵ġ
ʵﵽԵʵ֮󣬾Ͳսˣֶǻء
ҹĻ֮ҲôϿճֻ޴ޣһǵصѹɢ
ħ
ʮֻ
ħǺһںĴڣ˾Ȼÿӵֻһǳĺħÿһֻ֮ǰĺ˿ѷɫ
ħӵкѪͳﵽ˳ϣȻ壬ҲǿĴڣЩĺħĺҪǿ
ҹϺһһž޴ĺӰеĺħסֻһʱ䣬ˮ͸ܵħϢһ
ˮ֪ҪһˣӦǺħеһǿͨɱȻһһʵ
ɫҲ΢΢һ䣬ˮһͬʱϿմһ֮
ˮڿֻɫˮǰһЩͼƬǺģֻûֳ󣬱Ͼǧ֮ľ޴ޣˮоʥĴڡ
ˮЩ֮ǰĺûʲôоȴһĴڣͼڣĴˡ
ˮʶֻˮгͽצ˵צǰ˵еͼצ
Ǵ˵еޣޣǶͼڣˮоͽʥĴڡ
ĳֳһᣬϴεɻʵ˷츲صı仯һһöԵʮֻħ嶼һ£ʱǸ˷һֻ֮ħҰ
ˮޡҲ˳һӲ̴ˣĵǺƽ


1525 ҹ֮ս
һ׼úˮſǸˣҲҹ˵ϣһвҪڡҹʲôûкڹ
ҹˮԽᶨе
ãְɣ
ˮ֪Ϊǿԭֱý󷢶սͽշħˮͬʱʹ׷ͻ֮
ˮֵͬʱԷҲˣʮֻħһֵķλˮ³һƬƬĺ
һ
ǲǶˮѾǰٶ֣߻廹һЩޣ˲ˮΪĵĵشһƬѩ׵򣬺ų⡣

ɫһ޴һͻȻ㽭һˮӿ£ֱӽΧĺϴɾ
ħϷڵĹΣ˻ҹ֮ǰЩʮдʱҲΧŻ
ž
ˮĻ֮һӽĿȫ֣׷ȴǲܣһ޾ͱһֻħɳȥ
ޣ
ˮгޣԶϵͷ׻ͷҲǣԱǿ͵Լ˺ͽڻʱҲ⡣
ˮս⻷õλø壬޺ˮλҪһ㣬ټϷս⡢󷨵ȣʵѾ൱ֲ
е㲻ԼڵʵɻĿˮˮǵͷĿⶨһֱħϡ
һ̧һֱɫС˳ϣƯ죬ɢһֶϢ
һӣɫС˴һƯĹ켣ֻħʶ
ž
ħֱӱ⣬ҲûУʱŮнӡٴδһֱȼձһķˡ
ֻ˱֮ǰֻҪ˺ܶ࣬ٶҲ˺ܶ࣬һӴ֮ǰֻħ
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޴󣬺ħͷʮ֮һͷʧˡ
ڵʵɱħҲ֣һзĺͻȻرͻȻˮŮбСʱЦˣЩ˶Ҫ
˿һ˹ϵȥû뵽Ůô֣ȷϵȻ鷳
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ˮżȺˣֱþɽס˵УֻΪ˸š
׷
ֽٶȣһûκƶԡ
ȴźħȥޣӵ֮ѪžԵѹƣ˵Щħ֮ǰĺǰҲᵨսľ
֮ǰĻ֮ѾĽսЩħҲЧټ޶ľѹƣһ绢Ⱥһ
λ˳ȥոսɽ˾ͿĻ棬ǸʹЩħпܳΪһֲںĴڣƽʱĺܡ
ҹŭˣֱ޳ȥٶȺܹ죬޴һ㣬޴ӵֻħԴгʱصһϡ
ֱӱɣһƺߣˮõ壬ޣҹȥ
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ˮŻƽսꪳҹҹ֣ƽǽܴҲˮȥ
һս񴫳УһħУ
ˮǻƽս񴫳УսоԼǰս񣬶ħҲħһǿĴС
ˮʵǲԷбģʱҲ׷ӡʹĶ
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ˮ֪ԷǿʵĹȻԶԶֲˮʵˮˡ
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ħҹ˴˻иչˣڱɱ
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ˮ˲޻˸λãҲ㹻ǿ󣬲㱻ɱˮϵʱɫ׹ϻơ
׵ڷгӵ⼫ǿʹ׵˲Լ߳ƣָƵٶȱָʮʱʱÿʹ֮Ҫһʱ
޵һǿֻҪһͿԼһһӻָ߳ɵƣڽİʱʱָӿʮ
ҹҲƣȻαûɱ֪޿Ի߳ɵĹͲôˡ
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ƽսꪵļûǾ޴ͷ­С

ҹһ޺һҽУԶһͷ龰ǵսľҹ⣬ҲͲûˡ
볷ôǳҲϲһˮȥ
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ž
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˸ϵʱҹ޴Ѿ£ѾָԭģֻԴһֲѪӣǹ뵽
һʹڶԷ֪ʱһ䵥ˮģɱˮžԵɱԷҲסǿǰ׼
һɵҹɱͲˣοһֻʹüΣʵҪĴβܴﵽЧ
˫֪ˣôҲû뵽жʧߵԾǺսʱˮžҲսսȴû뵽Ľ
֪֮ǰֱӴȵÿˣ˵׻ʲôʧˣеʱʧ˾ˣЩһһζܷΪûзĻᡣ
ɱʥҵҹҲ군ġ
˻ߵͻȻ
ˮ֪ңҲ֪ʥҲǱ˼仰ŵģֻҪκˣûô࣬ҲûǸΪСġ
ˮνֱ˳ȥһֻһӣɱȴϷĵˡ
ɱ˵ͨɱˮҪսˡ
ɱһɱһӵʱ䣬ھɱ״̬£ʮÿֻʹһΡ


1526 ˵ľɱ
ھɱ״ֱ̬ʵﵽһֲĳ̶ȣЩҪΪ󷨡⻷ãȻﲻ̶ȡˮĿֲ֮ʵӣԷǱһһĲֱϵµĲ
֮ǰŷųݻͻȻ֮ȴǷǵ޴ӵֵ֪Ϊ˾޴鷳
䣡
ɱʶѾɢˮһʼգ̫챩¶Ҳ뿴˵ǿʵ
һӵʱ䣬ʮǿԽܵģһӵʱ㹻ˣȻѾչ˿ֲʵͲҪ˷ˡ
Ǽʱ䣬ڿлϵڤһƼŲҽ
̫ûӴκεķһһܿ͸ɾˣˮЦЦԺʵֱõʹþɱ״̬С
ﲻ˾뿪ɣ
ˮ˵Ǻ£ֻǲô鷳ѣ֪ʥҲ֪ʲôң֪岻ò
ţ߰ɣڻʱ䣬ûҪ鷳
˵
ʧԭأʼնһһûκдҴҶ
֪ʥң
ٴͣʱѾһطǻĵһ޼ʵĻĵأֻкܶݲݡľһܻĵط
ʥһһʥĵһҡûԥ˵ǶҲϤ
Σˮ֪ǴˣӦûǻˣȻǲ²⣬Ӧôˡ
ʥȻǿ󣬵е㲻ġ˵е㽾ҲԽ֤ʵǴصĻˣҲһˡ
иɵ㣬ǰ˲ϵ壬˵гӦ֪ģû˵ˮҲ֪֪֪Ĵڡ
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תһܹȥˣˮѾ˴Χǿ֮һʵǿ
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Ǵ죬ܺãĺҶǾ޴ĺҲΪЩ˵ġ
ŨϢһȥ¥ӣԶɽӰƣպ峺ĸо
ָоؼ䣬ֵĺ飬ȴֵĹ¼ţ¼еĹ¼ţּįˮûдﵽǸεĸѾʼеįˡ
˵ʵǿļį
ʲôأô񣿡
忴ˮеĲɡ
Ϊʲô
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뵽𣿡
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뷨ԼһΪԼ뷨£ԼʲôʱʼǨһˡ
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ˮûйֵ˵ʲô仰ѾԵıԼ˼Ҳһ˿ĵģҲ֪￪ġ
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һĸԸҵСޡ
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ٺ˵˵Ͳˣ߰ɣͿԵҼˡ
һ䣬ǰûеĸоееġ
ˮȴǺܿģôһǿŮӣһһ򭣬ϲˮر㣬Ů֮Ľڲܴﵽߵ㣬ʱϾϵĽڱϵ˿ѷɫһָ߲εĽ
ˮϲϽںϣ˭أ˵黹ǲƲģҪŮӦûҪʱ䡣
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½ƶȾŮ˲Ը⣬Ҳϡ󣬺ÿǿŮ˺Ըһͨ˽ģͨеǮƵĶֹһŮˡ
ǿŮ˶ԼġҵǰŮǿˣŮԼ¥󣬵ļңûбҪ˵Ů˻һ˿ԼҲһ
ˮҲ֪½ƶȣŮҲеѡַʽˮе޲ߣ󴲣ͬߣƻϺʵˡ
Ȼ˵Ǿ仰ͱʾȥƽˮûбŮˣԽǿŮһҲԽرŮˣǲ׶ģһ㶯˾Ͳı䡣
Ҳܸӣ֮ǰ˵ģϲһҪ룬Ҫʱȴ˵˵Լ֪
㲻㲻Ҫɡ
ϲһ˲ϲĳһ㣬ϲ˵ĸоƯԸĴţʡϲĺܶۺϡ

֮ǰĽ֮ƺһЩǣֶûдﵽֻһѿܲһ˵
ǣ
ˮҲ֪ˣǻˣѾǵϵˣǾǴ׵λӡ
Ϯǣ
ǻˣʵʹĻѪѾܵˣһһֱǿԺͻҵϵҲУһֱǻˣǻһǿɡ

ˮվһ޴ĸۡǰǸϵĴţ޴Ͻ֣ЩֺţûЩâ¶ֿܺûκεķâˮȴǿ⿴ŵֱһֹ°һš
ǲдģ
ˮ˵
Ҹдģ֮ǰѾ˿ɣԾͻˣôˣ
һ˿Ц⿴ˮ
㸸׺ǿ󡣡
ˮǺЦ˵һ䡣


1527 ֵؼ
ˮĻЦˣҲ֪ҸһϺˡ
Ϻ˲ǿϺ˷Ҷ˶ˮҲЦ˵
ô˵أСҸ״㡣
ұ֤֡ˮǺ˵
ˣǽȥɣͷȥ
СˡſڵкشСؼһǺеλġ
СûˣԶһӢˣ忪ĵ˵
ڼҰЦ˵
ˮһ߿Ÿоùϵ˺ܳ죬رӢʱˮѣҽ𣿡
ˮҴش
شãˮѾ׼壬شҲ
ˮãСıߣǵһδ˽ҡش˵仰ˮ͸¶һЩϢ
ˮΪ⣬һԸܵŮ˵һЩʣǲǳʵ
֪ûкй״֮壬شĻǺܿĵģشЦǺǣشһ˲ţҼ˧ˡ
ں˵ȥɩ̸̸ġ˵Ҳˮһۡ
ٺ٣һԷȥǣʶʶشεЦЦˮ˵뿪ˡ
ûһö̾˵
֮ǰ˵ˮѾ֪شԳڵŮ֮⣬һбŮˣӲ֪ȴ֪
ҪһӶɣǾһ⡣ˮƤʱǺܺģϲַʽ٩塣
ˮܸܲڼӣЦſˮ
Ǹ˺ûʵŮҲǿŮ˰һŮ˰һٸŮ˰оǸǺˡˮ˵
а˵ô˵ŮԽԽˡֺֺЦʵ
Ȼǣ˫ȫԸ£ʵҲô˵
˱˵ߣǰǴ߳һӣһӢޱȣˮֱˣȻ֪Ǽҵһܺÿֱˡ
һֱоԼҲ˧ȷʵҲ󣬵˵ûؼҵЩ˧˲ǿģŮ˳Ҫʺں
ˮ֪Լûںûʣ뵽в׺¡ҹ˹Щɫ콾ϲԼԼġ
˵ֽһЩЩ仯УԾĳһ˿΢ЦСʵкøеġ
㣬ˡ꿴忪ĵ˹һɨһ֮ɫ
СɽôˣֱүѵˡЦ˵
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Сӣʲôˮҵѣҽܺáɽܵ
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Ǹܻܲ˭˧ģһˡ
ٺ٣ʵ˧ġˮǺЦ֪Ϊʲôˣ֧Լ׷壬ѵԼôģ
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Цſˮ
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循ȵĿˮţ㵽ףԿҴһ˻Ǹо˼飬òҪ룬ҿɲϲ㣬Ҽ޸㣬ͿûǸˡ
ǸˣԷġ
ˮ˵
巢ֺˮ˵մ˱ˣ仰ʵܴɫ΢죬ȴһ뷢ҲܣĴͷŴȥ
ˮٺЦЦȻҲŴȥ
˲Ǻܶ࣬Ի˵ˣŮӵʲôҲǺܶ࣬ȴݻռؼ㣬˵ĵλܸߣ˲࣬ϲ徲
Ľݻȴֵű£ŵڣǻвٶܹӡ
߽Ĵǵܸߺܴ󣬽ȥоܿտһȥ֮ͿԶид֡
ܿտûʲôʩһ䳡ܼӣݻ˽Ȼ෴ĶԱȡ
ݻΪǻˡ
Ѿͷˣ
˵̧ͷˮһųеˣ֮ǰشҪǿ˺ܶ࣬ǿϵġ
˵ʮһ̳ƣǰָоһǳֻһ۾ޱŷĸоо˻ܣûʲôѵ

СŮһǰֱӱסˣرĿġ
ˮ˼ǿ˲µŮ˾ȻҲһ棬ʱʲôʱҲСŮ˶
пأҲ±Ц
΢ЦıЦ
ҲŲ£
Ȼô˵ɿˡ
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۾һӿˮ޴Ǳܺصʣ֮ǰҲܵŮı仯ֻʲôҲûбֳ
ˮǸҽʦ
Ц˵
ô򵥣
Ц˵
Ҳһס
ΪŮбˣһѻҿء
Цĺܺˬ
ãˮذٷ𡣡
˺º͵Цˮ֡
ˮܳæ֣ҽˮŬ׷㣬ϣ֧ҡ
ˮԼоĵԼ׷ŮҪ֧֣֮ǰˮôҲ˵Ļ
Сˬ죬Ҳ㣬֧㣬׼۸Ů
ذٷҲЦ
ôܣ۸ԼҲ۸ġ
ˮ˵
Сƺٺ˵СҰӳȥŮҮ
˵ϲɫ˵ĿɰһĿɰһ顣
ˮе㱻޵飬ɫ΢죬޲ùȥһ١
ˮģſд֣̲ס۾һһְֺ
ŶõذٷЦ
ŨУܣپȻмһƮݸһֺŵϡˮѿĻ˵֮ǰѾˡ
˵ĺãˮֻҲŲ裬ҪҪԡذٷЦ˵
һǲҪ׳ˡˮҡҡͷ˵
ߣ˵ô಻дĪֻ˵Ц˵
ˮߵҾ͸㻭ɣ
ˮĺܿ죬ϾѾǻǾˣֺܿȣ̧ͷ壬һֽϳ֡
ģֽϵʱҲƽɫһģһҪ֪ˮڵĻǰҪǿгģˮȴǻ֣ǻǿ
ذٷǾˣˮĻȻԴﵽ磬һﻭҪŮĻ񣬲֪ذٷ¶ζЦݣ塣

1528 ÿ˶Ҫ顢Ͱ
ܵ׵Ŀ⣬ҲǾȣû뵽һ˿ԽԼĻô񣬶ҪʱӿʼֻԼۣԽԼô
ܵζɫе㲻ȻȻˮ֮䲢ûʲôӴе飬߻һĸо
ˮһдĸ֣ɫǣ
ּûзâԣƮвʧϸ壬ϸֲʧذٷҲǸо
ˮ±ʣ̧ͷһ˫ǿԷȴеҵĶ㿪ǺЦ壬оһô
ˮҲǷذٷദοģǰŮڶŮξǲµģһܹ
û˼ɣˮİá
ã̫ˣܲҿ㡣
ذٷ˵ģһʵǿ󣬻鷨ﵽǼ򵥵ģŮ˵ǸҽʦŮ˵ݣôӦҽֽϡ
ЩҪģҪŮģҪ֪Ů۹ĸߣĶ֮ǰǹƨҲмܲҲõģϧŮȲ˺ܶࡣ
ѾԺյŵڣô㣬½˴廹Ǻǿģǰܶ˲ϲԼŮ˱ߣǮǿơ
ݴ½ҲˣȲ˵شС㿴ǣǿǣǾͺ׸ûʲô𣬶ŮǰԶԱоûʲôλ˵ȥ檻ȥˡ
ذٷҪŮޣֻôˣŮΪ̫˾Ȼ뷨ûУĸߵ磬һүֲʺϺͨ
ڴԺգصĸӿֲѾ򣬲ٹʴ飬ֻŮе㵣ģʱ䳤ŮӼû뷨
һǹ¶ģ˻Ҫ顢顢飬ȱһһ޴źо¶
Ѳ࣬УУֵܽöദĺܺãģΨŮϼǿհס
ӶԼĺӣҶѾˣһοȻһӢ˻ﻹǺܿģܳʱˣû뵽ôġ
رʱԽԽ˲򵥣֪ԼŮϵ˾Ǿ޾֮
ˮؼˣÿ˶֧Լ׷壬ĸҲ̬ȣ̫ˡ
ģҶˣκ۸˭ԡ
ˮ΢Ц˵˵ĺᡣ
ذٷЦˣĵЦˣã̫ˣȥ֪ͨǣҳԸԲôҶʶʶˮ
ɣ
ҲеЦá
֪ǺˮͶԵôʶʶˮ𡣡
ذٷŲĻ۾ǿԿھˮϣŮߵһ
ˮһ뿪ˣذٷкˮһ裬ˮæһ˵һ
ˮϲ𣿡û˱ذٷ˵
ǵģҿΪһУʲôΣյʱ򣬾ǸҲȥҲ޴Ҹоѡ񡣡ˮҡҡͷ˵˵ġ
ãʱҪ޴һ㣬Ѫһ㣬СܶҵθڡذٷȿڲЦ
壬ʵһеʵģһ˻˲ҡ
Ҽģܰ䣬ˣ㻹ҽ
ذٷܺʵ
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ǫǺ£˾Ͳˡ
ذٷ΢ЦĿˮ
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ͣ㣬˼
ʱһһ½ˣʮӡ
ЩĸŮˣĸŮг֮ǰЦŮ֮⻹̴ĸˡ
ʣµУˮϳеشɽЩӦöذٷӺͺӰɣ
ˮ֮ǰЦŮŶʮӣɬƻҲǺܺÿģһ˫Ĵ۾͸һӻ龢޳ĺܺãԸܻ
Ȼһܣذٷİ˸ӣλذٷӣˮѾ֪ĸˡ
֮ǰǸŮӱһСһŮŮк㡭
ˮóһЩзݣˮ֮ǰ׼õģ忴ˮ㣬ҲǺܿĵģֻûбֳѡ
ۣˮ续ãһҲһһźòá
ӱĻĵ˵
û⣬ܻˮƽ
Ϊʲôǽôôáӱգһ˫۾ʵ
ұ۾ҲĿģƺεһǲŵһμ棬Ҫʱ䳤ٸ㻭òãˮȻ˵еţҲһʵɷִڵġ
ŶˣԽϲҽ㰡ӱ˵úܴˮоǹġ
緹һĴشһǵŮ˲û׼
ĵλ⣬Ȼˣ˶ϿɣЩֵ֮ϵܺãˮϲָо
ʮˣʮ£һЩˣӱᣬвٶδˣŮˣشǵŮˣޡ
ЩŮ˶ǺƯˮǵдפյһЩСһЩżͳԵģشһЩҩΪġ
֮Ĺϵһ̬ȣͳΡ
ˣ㣬˵Ҹһ֪ǣ
ŶүүߣҴȥ˼ҡ
Ц˵ʹҴкˮҲ˴к뿪
㣬飡
ˮǺЦ
ҲƣҲû뵽Լ޲ȥһ˵ΪҼϲ㣬Ҿϲ㡣
㣬ÿ
ʶȤĲ˵˶ռˡ
ʱ䲻˾һµСׯԺͣ徲ƺԶǳصһƫƧһСӱϣһׯ
ûֳ֮ľҲǺܶ࣬סŴһЩˣϲ徲ˣСӲ󣬵Ҳа׶ӱ߿ԿһЩڵ㡭
߽һӱ߲ԶСׯԺСׯԺſڻþ޴Ĵܴ֣˶ϱ
ϰϰˮоĺ߽ܲСԺԶһһڱĿ
̸϶ôΰ˸оһֻµʨһ㣬һȻһ־ϵĳ
Сˣ
ϴҲ۾΢Цſ塣
ˮʱܵһɴһ䣬ɲ⣬˺ˮ֪˲ǲˣԪҪͷˡ
ˮܸˣ˺飬ûذٷ
үүãˮЦŴк


1529 ԪҰʤԼ
á˺ͰĺˮкС
үүˮæܵ
ţ治С۹⣬ôʱҵԼġ˿Ц
ˮӣĻѾܳˣʹһ˾ȻȫΪѡ
үү˵ʲôأǾһѣҽܺãġ˵
ͷۻûл˵㲻ϲ𣿡º͵Ŀ壬һ˿
ҲŲϲӲ˵
ϲͲϲСӣϲϲҼѾͷأЦ˵
ϲϲ費˼룬һղ
˿ĵЦţһŷȥֻһС¥ܱ£Ժлľ࣬ȴ£ӦöԼġ
˻ҽ
˱߱Ц˵
Զһ㣡
˵ܲܲôǫ飬үүʲô˵ʲôɣ
˵һ䡣
ǣҾͲүүˣҽƾ˫ûмҽʤҵˡ
ˮ˳˵
Ҳ仰ëһ죬ʶȤĲ˵ҪľȻԼһүү
˺ǺЦһ˫Сһ֮˼㺣ҲǺܿģһ˵ĿģЦ˵ǲ֪ˮ㿴ʲô𣿡
ҲڿˮȻ֪ԼʵӴǿҩʦ̫ˣϧﲻ
үүӦԪ
ˮʼ˾͸ɴȥ
ĵˮһۣûз˵Ƥ˵ǺƽȤĿˮεĻǵһοһｵһ
ˮһ˵ܲܰүү
ɵѾͷԪͷˣǲܸıġҡҡͷ
κүүôлңˮЦ˵
Ҫôллеҵ˵ܸүүٵģллҲӦõġ
ɣҸүүӳԪ͸߶úòãˮЦ˵
ԣǸߡرǿ
Ȼôˮŵ˵
ǸްȴΡ
үүҸϰѰɣ
ˮЦ˵˼֮ھȻİõĺүүˣŹ֮
ЦŰԪҽҲûа취ˡ
˵ǿÿ̸ЦѾĺܿѾϣݾѾһ˿Դﵽġ
ǵδأ˵ԪѾԪߵһ֮ԭ˰һۻ˵ԪʵֻʵϵԪһ롣
ˮ˵Щ˺嶼֪˵Ԫʵϵһ룬Ѿʵ֮ǰǸԪһ
ĪˮԻָûԪ
һ֪ˮҪʲô
ҽָֻܻһ֣ȫָ
ˮ˵ʵԻָĻǺܶġ
Ļ˾ȵݣˮĻǰŰɣһ뵽ģоӦÿԻָԼһЩԪָܻӦ΢΢
뵽֮ǰˮ˵ָԪ߶ãڸȷָ˶ʱ䡣
ˮΪүүָԪ
ҲûеףϾҪǻָʮģҲ̫ˣʮҲһ漣ˣֻϣһ㣬Ҳ֪ʮҲҲ
ҲһҰүүҽ˲֪ҪסһָҪҶã֪ϣҰүүָ㻹ٵأ
ˮǺЦ
ϻȻǶˡ
ԭԸҾõ㣬ãҾԼ
ˮ˵
ּɫˮ֮ʹŤһɣ

ˮŵĽһˣ˺ЦĿСŮڵҲο
ˮóʤ뿪ʼģһĴѨһŦˮ˫ֱþӨƺҪ͸һ
ʥ֣֮
ˮͣĴãʱĽʤ뻻λãһֱϺԼߣһֱƵұߡ
˵ֱ۶ں֮ɫмˮ˵һЩҽκˡ
ûбĿȵĿԼֱֱۣѾû֪·ѹһ޴ɽһȥ
ˮһ˵ָ⣬һεεīճ۹䵽ʱ˲оȻôʳ
гһȳζ֮ǰѾ˴һεεĺɫ۹ų˸оϵɽҲһļᣬָоˬ
ӳȥʱѾȥʱѾǻƻˣڴˮʵô˶Ԫ
үүҲ̫ˮЦ˵
˻ڷòŻ³һͷӸôû뵽컹ܿôҽѾͷⱲӹƶҪˡ
үү˶ԪϻǺܿĵģүүǼĶ滹Ϊүүԭλ̫͵ˣȻںλһֱλãͻȻû˻кܶ鷳ΪЩ鷳Ҫλǰһֱĵλʡ鷳
Ҳ֪˰˰ꡣ˵仰·һһ֮ˣһһԪȴַŲͻȻ˳Խ˰Ԫʲô顭
Ҳˣþòſĵ˵̫ˣүү񡣡
Ҳϲҵģ֪ܸôҲôġˮʱ
ѾͷˮĹ͡Ц˵
̫ˣǲ֪ˣ˵忴ˮﻹǺܸмģĸߵ磬ʵܶʱ䶼Ǹ˳ģԪӣĿֻܶܶ࣬Ҫ˶һЩʱ䡣
ˣЦģ֮ǰҲ˵˵ϲˣˣҲʹġˮЦ
ģЦſˮ
ȻģҲҪףˮٷ磬˼˰㶯ģǸ㶯ģһҿһ֪Сǲ̵ġ
ͣҪɱЦ˵
ôܣһΪŮˡˮȻЦ
Ҿ֪㲻ôȡЦ
ҲҪʲôҵŮ˭Ҵ⣬ҾˡˮٺЦ
ȥ˭Ůˡ
˵뵽˻΢Ц޲Ҹطȥʹˮһֱۣ˵ȥϢߵ
ˮѾͷϲ㣬úö˵
үүģҰʤԼˮ˵˵˵ģһʱĽӴ֪ԼҪ׷ϲҲӦð˰һŮ˲ѣԵֵˣˡ
˵仰ʱû߶ԶŲһ٣¶ĵЦݣӿ첽뿪ˡ
ˮҲ֪ӦеϲԼҲϲӦòǺܶ࣬ԼΨһѡͲһˡ
緹˼Եģ˶ˣСŮٺܶ࣬ˮҲû뵽ô¡ء

1530 ĸԸ
뵽ԪܴҲֻǲ֪ϢɢȥûУǴҶ֪ˮĺǺܿģˮȡ
ˮ֪ȫûУʮˣǺֵģҲܿģˮо˻֪Ԫ˵顣
һˮ֪ҽүӵŵģ֪ҽκˣֻǲ֪ж֪үԪ
ͻҹϵ˲࣬оӢܶ࣬ذٷ͵ʵôֲˮҲܸܳ
ش廹кһЩϼһʲôģһǺǵģô꣬ʵô׵ġ
ϵ˲࣬˺ֻܶܶ࣬Ҫھͻǿ
Ϻܶ˶ˮƣˮߣ˺ܶ˶ԽԽо䣬ʱҲȤ䣬˻Ǻ͵ġ
ˮгһ壬Ҳ˿ٵĴ壬ȻҲһɲļ塣
극½ǣˮкذٷͬʱĻͷ׵ߡ
ǺģҲ˵ĶӣذٷֳҲǷֻȥģѾһӵˣҲһɺӵĴڣֻˮذٷһ֧Ҫ˺ܶࡣ
ذٷһֲĴڣ˵˾㲻ˣȻû£ĴвǴӣǴĺӡ
ذٷ͵ʲôҲ˻̳һУڴһҲ
ںͻҵѪǿǵϡѪʲôϵҲûˣʵԭǻˡ
ˮֻʣԼһˣЦҳȥߣ
ãˮͷѾǽ֮ˣ㲻ˡ΢Ц˵ʾˮ
û˵ֻǻͷˮһ΢Ц΢Цˮ֪ʲôо
Сʵ˺ܶ࣬һһǿĲǼϢǲǵõʲôѾܵˣֻû˵
ҵõ˷սĴУˮġҲûֱ˵
һ˶Ǵһֺ¶䵽
õ˷սĴУôֻҪԸ⣬ԺͿսһȥ
ŮҪˣ۾ā䣬ˮҲһˣܰѷս񴫳ø˵ˣһбԭ򣬱ս񴫳Уս񴫳лҪǿĴдڡ
õս񴫳һ֮ϲһ޴֮ϲǿԺܺòŴȥһ¸ɽ
Ѿͷʱ䣬ˮúÿذٷĵ˵Ȼһ𣬵û˵ʲôҪ顣
ŲˮϾ˼ǿˣûбҪһμҪѶԷˮһ
ţ
ˮĴʱѾˣҲֻҹĻϣ˲ţһֱû˵
ǼҺůˮЦ˵
ҲôáЦ˵
Ҳôˮ仰̫ˣȻ֪ʲô˼СץסͻռԼˡ
ãҵļңЦ˵
ǻ÷ֵô𣿡ˮȵ˵
ãá忴ˮŵıһ٣֪ǹģ붼ԼģҲǵ٩Լ
ˮҼбľЩ鿴⣬ȴᡣ
ˮͻȻûͷûβһ仰е㷢㶡
֪ʲô˼ȷʵҲԼѴ𣿡
һ㴦ĸжԼѴʵǿģˣ
ˮ仰⣬˵ʲô飬Ҷһԡ
ҡҡͷҲô
ΪʲôˮˮˣɣȴظŮˣˮое룬ƺܵȴǷֲûĽӴ
ҲǷֻ̫࣬ܰԼ㡣Цſˮ
ˮԼ˵ܶ࣬ȴ޷ס˼仰ȴھܾԼһ֪Ǹ˼
ʱǲƽϻرģ֪ʲôĸԸ𣿡ˮĿԶĿ峺һ˿䡣
һĸԸΪԼ
ʶʱ䲻˵ʶܳˣϱӣԵһοʱ͸оޱȵϤΪҵļҵӡˮ֪Լ㲻ںġ
û˵
ûţֻ㣬ĸԸ㲻ҪκεĸԸΪһЩƻر飬ҶҲˡ
Ҷң˵е㱻жˡ
ڷǼ鼴Ҳ⣬Сܴܲ㡣
ȥŲ࣬ҡЦˡ
С㣡
ʱһԵĸ˹ǿˣΪ׵һѩ׵Ľ£ͦΣٿϴһ˿ŵ΢Ц
˵ľˣˮе㲻ϲΪ˿е
ͣˣ˹£
ɰСʲôʱģСһ˴ʼնûۿˮ۾һֱû뿪壬ˮܲˬ
˼Լѣ
Ŷλǣһˡ˲ûд
ѣˮǹ˹ӡĽܻϺûнһ
ãһˡ˹΢Ц˵
ɣ˴һ𡣡ˮܾ
һ㶣ûбʾʲô˹һ飬ʲôеŭϲûбֳʲôЦ˵Ǿ͸ˣˡ
ˮû뵽Էô˳Ӧǿϰɣ˽ȥ¥ڶһλãԿλá
׷˺ܶ𣿡ˮúȵĶ˵
Ҷǹ˼ҵˣ˼ڴһֲĴڣӴ󡣡
͹˼ұΣ
٣˵ʵȲ˼ҡ
͹˼ҵĽΣˮĿ塣
ãܲá
ŶˮɻĿ塣
ҶüףûдӦ嶼ǺӵģԹϵȻͲˣлĻӦǲġε˵
Щ²ᷢģүӻкܳԪ壬ԿֲˮЦ˵
ŹֵĿˮҸ׺ܵ͵е˵ǿҲе˵²ҸǿҲΪסԭ򡣡
˲࣬츳֮ˣˡ
ڶˮĽоȻѾӦˡʼԷͻᱻСС壬ϵĲֹ³һЩĳƺ


1531 ¶
ˮ֪󲿷ʱƤǺܱģŮˮִʶǸʶпվզɫ塣
ǸЩ̨սӽֲĸоڷֲֻսʱоǸʶеһƽʱʱԼŮӡ
С㣬ôɣּˣ
һϤ𣬹Ҷˮٽһ¡
ЦЦû˵ˮƤҸоԽΪŮ˶ϲӣ̲ס˵һ䣺ɵ
ˮ仰󣬵ȴǶˮĻ΢΢һ㶣ȴһÿĻȣϲˮһۡ
ҶǸޣʧȥȣû˵ʲôߵ˲˵
ǿСϣһ˺죬֪
Ҷߵһ˲м˵
ˣ߰ɣһȺΪǵɵΪ˭ҪΧת׳աˮվҲ˵
Цŵͷվ
ҶܾȣشСʲôʱôһ˵ĻˣشСʲôʱôǨһˡ
վסΪشС㻤㣬Ϳ˹ˣ֮ǰǸ˼˵ϵ֮Ҳӡ
ˮЦˣֻһֻѣʲôʸǰҧŲҴĹȡ

һ˲ˮǰֻǻûü֣ˮֱ̧һ˶Էϣֱ˱߷ɳȥһĹ
ĴΧĺܶˣҾ¥Ķ㣬Ķߣϲˡ
֮ǰ߷ɵֱ˹ȥˮµĿŶĹҶ˭ҴŮ˵ҾŪ˭
һۣû˵ˮװûп
ҵôߣʧʲô͵ʲôҿһҶƽ˵
֪ʲô𣿡ˮЦſŶԷ
ûеȶԷ˵ˮֱ˵װȡ⣬ûװûʱ棬ҹԶԶġ
㶵Ŀˮ̫ˣˮٺЦţαװŵĶǰϲľåöԷҲúåһǾ͸˼ˡ
ףûʡ
ӭ¶ڵʱҲô𣿡ˮǺЦ
ˮ֮ǰ뿪ʱ˵ӭ¶Ź˹ӣˮҲֻ˵˵ΪľǶһҶ
˵Ҳʶʲôӭ¶Ҷ첱ӴִĽе
ϲʶƨ£߰ɣһٵĶŮˣǲ֪ô档ˮǿΧ˶
ʲô˹ӾȻ𣿡
֪ǰиŮ˵׵ˡ
޷粻ˣҲġ

һҲȥˣߣҶӰͻȻ¥ݿڣסˮȥ·
Ҫ۵ġҶɫ࣬Ѿŭˡ
ķŭڱ˿߳ŭˮǲ˵˵˽ģ˭û۴ԼŮ˵⣬ҾȻԼ
䣬ÿѮʹϰ죬ҪҶ˵ʲôˣһҽʦ˶ҽˮ㶵ĹҶ뿪ˡ
ͷһ˲Ǵһ٣ɱˬģеǲĴˣ
ǲ̫һ㣿߱˵
ָʲôˮ֪ʵ˵
Ҵʲô㲻¹˼鷳ҡҡͷ˵
ŮˣҲûáˮߵ˵
СҴǲǣʲôʱŮˡϴһ£û
Ҳǣڻе磬ģһŬġ
岻˵ˣ֪Խ˵ԽԶ˵߰ɣǻȥɣѾź˷䡣
סأˮʳеΡ
¥˵
ţһΪҪһأһҶû׼ءˮһ͸ص˵
˻һȭǿסˣȻ޵ȴһ˵Ŀġ
ˮҪľЧΪ˸Ů¸ӡԲͬķʽåҲá
绪Ҳǻƿ֮ǰүүˮǾ仰֪ˮôΪʵܿġ
ˣˮ岻˵Ц
ûаΪʲôҪν˵
Ҿ֪Ҽ󡣡ˮ϶˵
ˣ⻵һĴϣԼˡ

صˮڵǸׯԺׯԺ󣬵ܱ£ֻһ׮¥ġ
¥ǳɫģܾ£Ѿˣ߱˵ķڶ¥Ҵȥ
ˮЦЦϵ¥һ¥ֻңһһ㣬һСһ㣬Ĵ齶˫˵ġ
ҲǺܴȴǺܰһӵζ
ѩ׵ıʱ޵ջ忴ˮֿȣ˵ˣϢɣ
˵תҪ뿪
ʱˮȴֲɿƵס֣һ屧ڻҪӣȥ
㲻ң˵
һ仰ˮ綬콽һˮʱԸе̴ֻһ磬ԸܵϢ
Բ鲻ɼ
ˣϢɣЦˮįɫˮԴ뿪ˡ
ˮֱӽԡҳˮ裬ʱ׿飬뵽˹ҶԼ¶˽˼ӦûԼнġ
Ȼˮ²Ĳ˼ҵĶܿ죬ڶ죬˼ҷųںţˮ
ǵˮֻһˣǲ˻ȫȷƸоΪһСӶܾ˼Ҫ
Ȼ˼ҪҲǺܿģȴû뵽ܼӲľܾ˹˼ҵҪ
ˮù˼û棬ǹҶĲ٣ˮ˳ȥù˼Ҷ˺ܴӣҪˣٴ⵽ֶܾӡ
һٵĶӣ˼ұҪǿģǿҪΪ˼ҼҴ˶࣬Ҳǹ˼ǿ
ӣǹ˼ҾҪԼһӣȻ˼ҲֱӴϾͻҵĹϵܺãصģж˭ҲͳԦܼ򵥵
˼ս飬ҹϵʵͲôãڹ˼ս飬ҪˮҪս
ˮ߲սҲˣֻܽսǳս˫սһֱһΪֹ
˼Ҵĺ⣬Ͼһһ򼸳Ļ˼ֲ˺ôԴս˼ǿ˶࣬ҲҪܡ
ˮܣԼүӲӦǿؼңˮΪ˿ؼңֻôӦиһս
սֻҪսʤͿһֱڶ̨ϣ
ˮҪǴӦˣߵʱˮоܲԿη˲

1532 Ĳ
ײˮ֪㲻Լģֻ˺Ļˮ֪ʵ˼Һ֮Թˣһĳָպһ
ˮ಻ţ˼ҸԼ£ԼҪ²̨Լʲôʱô۸ˡ
飬ҲǺӣ嵹Ǻɣˮ˵ʱ׵鷿
ѾͷˣذٷŮЦ
Ůʵ̫ˣĵһֱǹһˣΪ׵Ķоû
֪һЩ˼ҵ飿ذٷֱ˵ϡ
Ѿͷ֪ʲôأذٷɵ˵
ôɣҲ֪׶ǿ֪Լüʲô鶼ܰƽ˲֪׵ӰҲһЩ飬磬ǵʱһĵһˣһ˶Կһ壬һһ塭
ֻСĸԶº͵ӣƺԶᷢƢһ֪۸ؼͷϣ˾Ҫù
ŮǲΪؼ鷳ˣ˵
Ǻǣ˼𣬻ûʸΪؼ鷳ذٷɵ˵
ֺЦˣȻ˵͵ҲǺֻܺе
Ѿͷˮô
ذٷûֱʲôò
Цˣܺðôôʡ
µԤҲñ˸Ԥ뿴Ůϵεķ˾ذٷɵЦ
ҲȡЦңҾûҵͶԵģҵˣһһĿ΢죬ذٷǰһСŮ
ãˣˮĺܲҼˡذٷЦ˵˵ʱһֱڿŮķӦ
ǲ㣬Ůое˵
ذٷ𿴵ЦˣûٶʲôŮķӦѾһᷢʲôŮԤ֪˾ͻ۲죬ˮ⣬ĺ⣬ȻԿһ˵Ĵš
һһԼϲԷҲϲԼ˲ס
֪ܸܵͷ˵⣬ȻҲܵڻǵǸԸ޵ˡ
֪ΪʲôԼܽˮǰԼͱ˷飬ˣоѣҲ֪ˮһбŮˡ
֪ôе᲻ãвʣֽѣû뵽ϡ
ҪҪˣѾͷҲڣԼòá
ذٷ𿴿ҲͲٶ˵ˣԼŮ
ˮʱúһˮӣҲſ˺ܶ࣬ЦŴкС
Ҫһ
߱ʡ
ţôˣҡ
ˮЦ˵
ţġ
˵
ˮüͷ˵ҵĻôѣô㡣
һ㶣ԽԽˣЦ˵˵˵㰮жˡ
ˮ㶵ģ
ôˣ
嵣ĵ˵Ϊˮˡ
ֻѾˣֻòá
ˮ˵
Ǹ쵰
һ뿪ˡ
ˮеߵ뿪Ҳ֪ʲôζܸܵϲģȴϽԼ
ˣһڰ۾಻ɳӣֻǺ褲ͬǣˮ褾ԽһҲá
岻ͬˮᾡһе׷ǿκֶεȥǿ
һҪ֣һ˲ʲôʽҪõˮҲԼԭŮ˸ԼûãԼڸԭ޷ԼһôʲôʽҪɨƽ谭

ԼĵصĹ㳡ϣ㳡Ķ̨˼ҺԼϢ糤˳һɿľǴˡ
󣬵͵˼Ծ͸ߵ̫ˣУҪǻҷ֧
˵һ𣿡
ˣֱӴӻҳˡ
˼˵˼ǿ󡣡
˵֮ǰҲġ

㳡ʱѾɽ˺½ʢУ˵ĵط֮䶼ֱӵıƴȭͷ
ˮѾŵأ˼ұȥĸ磬ҽԼвУҲоȻǻˡ
ˮɫе㲻ԣվˮߡ
Һֵ𣿹˼ôǲǻ֧أ
ˮ²ʵ
Ҳ֪ʵͻҵѪϡĲϡˣڻеʵҲͻһϵûˡ
ͷˮ
̣һˮһݽȥ뵽ǣԭŮ˵ܴﵽ־磬һ˸ܲŮˡ
Ī
ˮ˵Ļᡣ
ᣬһˣһͿأʱ仹ǲʱͻᵭ
忴ˮ֮ǰʧЦЦ
һ϶̨ǻеһʦλ൱˵һ±
սսķʽ˫սһֱһ䡣
˺͸ɴ࣬˵֮ʼ
ȥˣ
ˮվλúƫƧ͹˼վλöƫƧܺЩֵվһ
ţСĵ㣡
𣿡
ˮЦſ
ԥһˮ֣ͣ
ˮסС֣ϸһ˵Ķյĺ·ʧһ
ìܣûìܹãҲ²˾ģһϵ˴δй塣
˳ȻαԼأ
ˮܵĵο
˳Ȼʱһϳֵ΢Цлл
˵ʱ΢ˮ֡
ʱ̨ѾվһλˣӺᣬ溰ˮҹ
ǹҶ
ˮɿ֣Ӱһģһסĳ嶯
̨ˮ΢ЦſŹҶҶɫȴ࣬ˮ޲ʳǣǲ٣аֻԼ֪֪ˣں֪ܶˣôҪɱˮһ̾ˮ
ʵǸطлб׷󣬾õʱҲôһΣһҲͰӲʱ䣬ǸȫҪȥɣ
ˮĻ˿Ρ
ȥɣ
Ҷûһ˺޵̶ȡ
ˮҲףһٵΪʲô׷壬һֱףѵģѵһϵƽ⣿ҲҲҪƯŮˣ


1533 ˼ҵս
ųĹҶˮûаһ£һˮҶȻǹ˼һʵģҲвˮϵµĲˡˮӰһҶųˮܸоҶýΪˣ˧
̫֣
ˮӰȴǱܿ˹Ҷĳֱһס˹ҶĲӣֱӵȥڶ̨ϣһ
һУˮֱס˶ԷʺڰţҶ˭óֻҪˮԸ⣬ϾͿء
Ҷ֮ǰѾˣһбһἦһڿУŭ
˵ôô֪Һ۸˼ôͳôĶ
ˮԶ˶仰˭˼Һܶɫͨ죬Ҷ鱻ķз
ҶĻӣһӲ˵Կ˼Ҷо޹⣬ⶼ١
֣Ѿˡ
һһվˮĲԶˮҲԷôʲôһŵһ
仰ӹ˼ң˼ҵ˲㱻ֻϲܱ˭֪ˮ˵˼
㡭Ѿˣ򡣡
˺ߣ˵ʱѾƽ
ˮʱ̧ͷˣֱӰѹҶ˳ȥ
˿ģٶϧӺ۾еϬеݣһ㲻ɹ¡
㻹ǲҪˣ㲻У
ˮ˵
ĲУˮ˵¶ţֱһδսĸоơ
ˡˮٴ˵
üһгһɫĳǹǹͷϸɢ⣬˵һож
ȷжˮԷûб飬ȴѾ˾ˡ
Լˣˮǲģˮóƽսꪣʱ䣬Ҫսдѹ˼˵
ǹϻ꣡
ɫĳǹտɫǹͷڰҲĹΣС̫һޱȣѸ͵ˮȥ
ˮĽƽսꪴȥ

ڵµʱ˴͸Ч˵ǹֱ۶ϣڶԷʱ򣬻ƽսֱĿڡ
һѪȥˮзִ磬죬Ըˣ
Ǵ˻Լһ㶼ҪܾãΪһʼϳǼߣһ̬̽ȡ
ˮֱȥˣȻˮᣬʵѾһԱˣһ¾൱ֱԼĽ׶Ρ
ֻûţ˼һ̽оڳĺһֶˣΪˮˣǺСõˡ
ˮʮʱ򣬹˼ʶˣ˸СһֱüһԪȥˡ
˵ˮСδ򣡡
ӷҲˣһΪһأҲû뵽˭
Ҷ׷ӣƽʱڳǸ߸ϵӣԭǸҸоһؤҸ

ĵĺܴ󡣡
һһˣ˺棬ûһ˿ƣ˫ĿüëѾѩףҴ˼λá
˼ָʲôˮ֪ʣ֪Ժܴ
̫ܲˣ֪ˡƽĿˮǺϲ˵ģϧǹ˼ҵĵˡ
ˮҡҡͷ˼֪ʱ˵޴ʱʵ֪޴Լ
ĿˮȻôţҾ֪ʲô²ࡣ
ҵţˮЦ˵
ɽȭ
˵һȭˮ
Ӱһ˲䣬ܵϢѸٵĻۣһֿµٶȻ۵һ飬ȭǰγһ޴ɽӰ
䣡
޴ȭӰһĶˮȥˮ֪ΪʲôôţԷȴʵ
Ѫ٣
ˮֱӴһѪסǾ޴ȭӰ
ˮ֪ԷɽȭҪԡ
أ
޴ı˵Ӱֱʧһȭ̧һȭͷɽɫˮȥ
ˮ۾һȻǽеϣǽѾӰ죬ȴǿС
ɽ
ˮгɽִ׷
ͻȻܵٶȴ󽵵һ㶣ܿȻôȻɱУٶֲܿٶȾһУûٶȣͺñ֮أʵҲûá
ԣ
ˮЦֱڴʩչ
֮
ٶֱӱĳɣģûˮ죬ֱӲٽһ룬Ѿܴˡ
ˮɱһѣҪҪù˼֪ԼǶô޴Ϊ
һֱˣ֮ǰܽܣٶȣܽܣΪˮıɱֱӽɣһ֮ܺǰٶȽ͵ӡ
ɵʵĳɵٶȡ
ˮŻƽսꪣʩչŹֱɱȥ
һ֪ʲôվŵֵûл֮ˣʵ磬׽ԷӰͻȻ˺ܶٶӦһʼͱ̵£ҺòҪȻٶȴܶס
һټɣֱֱ䣬ˣͨɱûа취á
ۣ
һ򱻴Уûгִ͸Ȼ˻ˣѪ˽Ѹٿˡ
ˮȻŹԷֱӰεĸȥ

˫ȭһᣬɫͽɫʵһĴ˷۹ˮۡ
ЩЩ̵ĽˮҪֲ֣ˮһԼȻжѾЩм䣬·һͨ˽뵽֮һ粽С
ЩŰˮԳܣ֪滹ɱУȥѾϲˡεˮκʱɾ
ʱѾ龰
ɾﵽ˼֮ˮҪʱ̣ܶȻ˵˲䣬ֻҪôһСʱ䣬Ҳͼգ۵ʱ䡣
ܿˮͿ֮ǰЩ۳һԲ򣬽ɫɫ໥ƣȻˮһĹ󣬲ͣת̣
ԣ
һ޴ıԽɫΪֱըˣʧǳǰĻһָ֣ܿƽ
ֻڻָƽʱǸطһˣ
ˮ
ˮõվ֮ǰˮɫסǱƵһ˲伸˶Ϊˡ
棬ζܻҵǸʱҲûãһʲôҲû룬ϣܻţֻҪܻԼʲôԴӦ
ըһ˲䣬ƺҪˣȻ֪ˮʵҲſֲʵġ
ˮõĳʱ۾ʪˣͻȻŷվλþȻҪˮˣƺҲһ


1534 Ʋɵ
ˮվԭؿŶ岻ϲߣʩչ˽кܴĸõģŵĿˮˮˮˣеĻƽսֱӽ˺ȥ
ˣ
ˮɱˣǲģԹ˼ûκεһøС
ֳһƬˮһսɥˮеѾˣ˼ѾʶѲˣˮС
ȴǺܰҶܿģˮǺܴľϲҪ֪ˮڴҪǺпδˡ
ĵλܸߣڸˣе˿ǿǵõսĴУҲҪ֧š
ȻŮ˵ĵλԲˣǿŮһԳһƬ죬彫ҲǿԼ̳ģֻкӲܼ̳С
׷ʵ߿صǼĳ־ãԲŮֻҪܴżʢУ彫ӹļڰ˳ɡ
ù˼ҲݵĳĬˮһѾڶ̨ϴ˹˼ʮһˣһˡ
һʱ䣬ȻûȥˮվڿУŹ˼ҵķг˲мȻɫϲмﻹǸԼɴ⡣
ǿޣɣ
һϵ֮гЦ⡣
ˮˣĿ࣬ȴһ֮Ӻܲϣȴǲһ˿̬֮
˼ҲǿֻҲ׹˼Ϊʲôϸо˼Σ
ˮЦ˵Ȼ˿ͣҲûбҪɫĵǺǿҵġ
ҽйѾܾûиԤˣҲ֪˭˭Ϊ˼Ҳְ̫ɣ
˴Ǹƣÿ˻λӦöôûҪס
ײԼ˷ǿԭµģ꣬Թ˭˭Ҫ˼档
ˮҲ⣬ͷȻǾֵ¼ߵͰɣÿ˶ҪΪĴ򵥡
ɣǴһӮΪֹΣ
΢Цſˮ
ˮȨһ£ԷϺ꣬ιҲѣĴܲӮ˿ֹˮ˼Ҳһ棬ˣ˼ҽսҲûбҪٴˡ
˼ҵս¸ڲˮоǹ˼һҲôˡ
ס㲻о¶ù˼ռˣôôǲ̫ˡ
ˮЦ˵
ڹ˼Ҳ쵱ǹ˼ҼҲùģڸλһǿƵϰߡ
֪ͱֳǿƵһ棬ˮˬľΪʹ㣬򲻹Ժͣô˵飿
ʼɣӮҲлᣬȻ治ˡ
ˮЦ˵
ЦŵͷóһѽᣬһɰĳȣˮĻƽսꪴ˺ܶܶࡣ
׷
֮
һȻȻһԸȥֻˮ㿪ˣӲӲģӲӲ£ϾǿȻǺֲܿģҲ˲Է
ˮʱгޡԼޣ
ֱӵס˹һͻϮҪ֪ĳٶȵĹòޡ
ˮг޵ʱ洫
˵ÿѱʦ𣿡
ֻѱ޵Ĳһѱʦ޵ʵͺÿûйϵ
ˣ֪ܴܲˡ
ָоУˣ̫ˣ˾ӵˡ

׻
޵׻ϵڹϣˮҲȾʲôˣһӾ֪޵Ŀ֮Ȼڿ΢ʱԿ԰Լţ
ˮһֱ⣬¹ͻȻ޷ѡ
Ȼ˻Ϊǿ

ˮһŹȥʹӡ
׻
׻
׻
ͻȻ׻ʱһһһǳ
ɫ䣬Ҳ֪ôףȴɱжһֻ첲߶ûкһ޴Ľȥ
ȫѾˮʪ͸ҪǻһͨɱԷĽΣսͣԼѾΪһˡ
û뵽Ǹͨɱ˺ͣʧһֱۡ
ѪֹֻĵָסӿѪʱٴ
Ȼ̧ſ籼׵ɨȥ
ڶ޺֮ǣ޲һޣޣҲôǱһֱûˣʵٴμɡ
ĳٶȲһٶûˣϾֱҲήٶȵķӣʵҲ˲һ롣
ž
ޱɨɣȴǵס˹ʱĹ˫Ѫ죬·һֻ͵ĺޡ
ˮҡҡͷг˽обҪսø˼һѵˡ
շħ
ս
̤
ͻ
һж˲ɣˮһ޴֮޴Ľֱһɫĳһ㣬񳤺գֱӽˡ
ڿֲʵٶȺʵһ룬󷨺͹⻷£ʵɱ練ơ
簲ˣ
ֻˮֻվڿУ˶ԾҲǣû뵽˼Ҹµս飬Ȼˮһ˴ɶ
мֻѱޣͣ
Ӧһѱޣѱ޶ŸԵͬ޵С
˼ڹҪѪˣټһ屻һ˸㵽ɶҲǶ˶ˡ
˼Ҳֹʧ󡣡
˼Ӧûǿߣֻǲ֪᲻ϳѾܶ˹עˣעǲᷢ⣬ǹ˼ҵ˾ͻ֡
һǵº͵˵
ҸоӦûҪһ̶ȣһҲʧһİ취

ûʲô鲨˶˼Ŀ壬ؼҴС۹ǲôҵһ绪ˡ
˿ҲоˣˮԱӦûκ⣬ϣ˼ҲҪһЩϹ֪Щ϶ô
ˮ⣬ֻҪҲֳǿ۷ͲʲôΣգҲҴ⣬Ͼ۷֮ʵҲܴġ
ˮо˼ӦٻҪڳһ˵ģڵȣѾ޷֣ӦûҪ֡
ͻȻˮһ񣬸оһʶһֲԶѾվһһˡ
ӣѩ׻׵ͷֱӽסˣ˽󸽽ɵ·˸о·һܹǼϡ


1535 ѵս
еʣվ·һ㣬ˮһΣյĸоָоǿҡˮȫעҲǱͻȻֵˡ
ǹ˼ҵĹ棬ڴɱ˺١
˵˵ʵڹ˼ҲŽǰû뵽Ϲﶼˡ
ǰ˺ǿ󣬵Ͼ̫ˡ
˵˻᲻أ
˭֪أ˾䣬ʮʮʮ꣬ԺһȻʧ

ˣҿ
ϵ𣬵ͳɳơ
ڼ𣿡
ˮ΢Ц˵
ҡҡͷ˵ʵڻûҼʸ񡣡
ʵģ䣬һܲ
ˮˣ˵飬뷨һ¶ܡ
뷨̫ˣûԶҲûԶĵˣҲѹ˼ҿɵˣȴûôԸ˼ҵĿʧܴƺѪ𣬵ʲô޶ûмҪ
˵ûи鲨ȴһ쳣侲͹ϣˮ
ˣһЩŰӲ֮һΪЩĶͺͱ˾ļֻǲ
˻ù˼һЩһ亹·ʪˣ֪һԼҪܵҹĳͷ尲ݵʱ̫ˣһʱȻ档
ȻҪ֣ǾͿʼɣȭԣҪСˡ
óһϸںɫһĶ˵ĺ⡣
˿ˮ׼Ҫˡ
ţ
ˮսƽսꪣͷ
ͻȻӰһģˮоԣæˣͬʱʶ
أ
һɴؿڴһѪӿֱ
һУ
ֻһֱӽˮˣˣˮѾסˡ
׷
֮
ˮҲǴޱȣ˵ٶֲ̫ˣٶȼȻ޷⣬һͿԻԼ
Ȼûдﵽ˺⹥ѾֲܿˣֻˮǶԷٶȾȻô졣
ˮ֪óľٶȣٶȾƾԵٶȿֲޱȣеĺɫϸҲǷǾɣôϸСȴǿֲޱȣдػ
˱ٶȺʵҽ˺ܶ࣬ҲǴһһΣһȦɫ彫Χ

շħս̤
ЩʧЧˣ֪ȦɫйϵԾˣֻ˸ܲΪ˷ԼͨɱȻĸӰ졣
׻
ˮûʩչֱջɾ±ɱˣʵǿ󣬲ڱɱҪǵ޺ޡ
ۺ죬֣Ӧÿʵֹһ۾ͿˮĿֲ
ˮҲòϣ˵ٶȿֲԼٶȺʵͬʱԷһ˵ʵľˡ
ϧǵˡˮǵѪЦ
ʵҲѵġɳƵ
ҸоûʲôȤѡˮЦ˵˸ĸо̫ɭϲ
̫ϧˣڶ̨ϣҿѡʧǿϧˡ˵Ӱٴζˡ
ûĳɵٶȣˮѾӰˣȻɵʵҲûΪԺͶԷ࿹
ˮõٶȣǿĿԶܶԷҲǿԶܡ
Ӱ
˵еģˮٴγȥٶȱ֮ǰ˿ѷɫˮ֪Էʹͨɱ
ʱˮԼͨɱˣһʼƺ࣬һֱûͨɱһҲ޷˺
ˮͨɱǺܺõͨɱֻϧˮʵеЩϹ޷ͨȫӡ
Ѫ
أ
ˮؿڳһ⣬׵ĵֵɱˣҲһ㶣ʱˮг˵ˡ
ɫеףȭͷյĽģʱųȥ
ɱ
һֱʹͨɱˮֱӽʵ˿ؼڣֱˮȥҪɱˮ

Ҳ˹˴ɣҲһ£ʱѾˮǰ档
ʱ˵Ӱûֹͣøá
Ӱɱ
ۣ
ϸֱӴ̽ˮĿڣֱӴ͸ˮĿڡ
΢
ˮһҧ׼õıѪȥ
˲ˮϺһȼһһԽأʵԽҲˮʵ㹻ǿ󣬵ڱѪ֮ȴǲͬն
ת
һ
ʽ
أ
ˮеĻƽսҲ˵ĿڣһͬҲϬޱȣˮͨɱҲˮǿɱС
ףˮȫﵽʵ6ҿÿֵһ
һÿʹһһʵ
ӰٶÿʹһΣʱһӡ
תʹսʱ̵һٶ
ˮֱʵսһתͻȻʵͿֲٶȣڲִ֮Ҳûȫ㿪
ٶȿ죬ķǺٶһ£ˮڱѪʵ·ͻȻֱӱˮߣ͸Ǵ͸Ч͸ġ
ˮԼʱһ˳ȥˮеҲ˳ȥ
ڤ
ʱеĵȴһڤ
ڷ˺䣡
ǲܱȣ̫ˣش̫˲˼ˡ
˲ǿ˼ʵ
ء
ڤʶģڵĵʵҪǿ˺ܶ࣬ھɱº͹⻷󷨡ʯ£ֲʵѾڵĹʵ¡
汻˲ʵټˣһڤĹ£ϼǱޱȣѩ׵ͷҲʧ˴롣
һŲҰ׵ſĵˣٿˮó˾Ǹ
Ҳε͵Ϯ
ˮ⣬ûǰûһĹ޷ЧȴǿñķʽԸ
ڿҪÿйԽϣڣȴþɽϵ˺޹
ɽҪ䵱ǶãҲǱҲڲϵļӴ
Ź
ȻѾʼˣˮҪӴ˵ġ
ֵʱͻȻһӰڿнԭأˣ򣡡
ˮҲǸϵˣڹû뿪ʱѾˮȥ
ԣ
ˮﰵ˼ǲҪڿ˳û˻ᣬʹÿйԽҲͬھ˾ɱԼ
ˮ䣬Ҳ׷ˣ˫ضųˡ


1536 ս
ˮѾ˷һʱǰһ
ԣ
ˮ˵ɳȥΪǱʱˮſǰվһˡ
ذٷ
ˮЦˣĺǿ󣬴ʱذٷɫɺƽȴǿŶˡ
˼ҵǶˣΪûˣǲ˲ô棬档ذٷŶˣȴǿΧ˶
ذٷĻһ˵ըһ
˼Ҳ̫ˣⲻƻҵҲˡ
ذٷʵҲֲܿһ͵Ҫˣ˾Ժйϵпܾӵˡ
˼ʵǿҲӡ

ˮȥءذٷЦ
ˮͷҲأʳѪҲһЩģԾֱӷȥû뿪
˵زأߵǵĿѪ
㣬ҸоһҲأ֮ǰΪҲأˣһԺ󿴲㣬ͺ²ѡˮ΢Цſžɫǵա
һ˿˲¿Լȷ˵Ļǲģ֪ϲ
ˣ㣬Ҹ˰ɣ
˵
ȵɣ
ʵҲ̨ܵϣֻǿˮһѪ۲˵ģˮ˵ˣˮܺãҽԾ͵ͷ
ذٷҲò֮ǰⲻ͵Ϯ𣿡
͵Ϯ㣿㻹治䣬㲻о֮ǰΪôҪһϲַʽҶеաذٷ𲻶ϵĸ˼ҿñӣù˼ұһЩ
ϻ࣬ǻ¼°ɣƺذٷ˵ֱذٷ֡
ذٷһ֣ˮõսĲֻ࣬ǱҪ̫ˣҲǴ˺ܶࡣ
Ҷƣ
ذٷΪĵΧһһֱӵ˽£Щºƽ·һҵĿȻ
˲ų嵽һ룬ЩһĶһ˳ȥƣϸ˿ȴԼѡ
˵ٶȴĽͣʩչֽš
ѣ
ž
Ϊĵλֱӳֱƣ֮˿һĲٴηĲƣűơ
˵ֻˣذٷһֱûɱ֡
ӹһ˳ڶ̨Ͽգסְɣ˼Ұˡ
ذٷҪľ仰ѹ˼ҳǲܵģȻûбҪѹȥҪǹ˼ұˣȻһο԰ѹ˼ҴȦӡ
˵ǹ˼ǿ֮һ˵˼ҾͿǳˣȻֻһˣ˺ذٷѾǶ֮ˣǱ˼ҸʤΪذٷᡣ
ؼҺͻҵĹϵٱϷǳãصģڻˣǿһоͻܿʧ
һжǽʵϡ
һܸߺݵˣվһ˵ϣɫҲįһֶԺʧį
ذٷû˵ǾĿŶˣǹ˼ģ˵ʹͣͣô˵顣
һι˼ҴˣҴ˼λСֵǡ
˻˵ֿܳ
Ȼֻһ仰ѾˣûǸˮǸ
ذٷҲû˼ҲĵǸǸ˵ΣΣҪ۽Ҫ͸Էһӡ
ذٷ˵ͽˣˮȻˣԷȴˣˮһվ֪ʵҲ֪ذٷĿֲʵ۷һΣһĺݲû졣
ǰɣôˣû
ССĹ˼š
һվǸ˼Ȼʵ䣬ʢѾǵһͷΣʱ䣬˼һᱻ˦ԽԽԶ
ĺ˽ϣķâ̫ʢˡ
ǰ̫ʢ˲Ǻ°

˲ûг֣ˮҲ֪Ϊʲôˣˮ˾ͻص
ˮˣȻȥҲˮһ뿪Ҫ˴һЩҪҪ
ˮǻصڵĸ¥УһѪ۵·źܲˮ˲ᣬϾ͸ˡ
ȥ˿ڡ
ˮͷЦ˵
Ұɣ
忴ˮ˵
ԼԵġ
ˮ˵
Ұ㿴ϴ£㿴ˮá
廹Ǽֵ
ˮͷԡȥҧҧ촽ҲŽȥźˮˮϱ˸ֻǿǰѪӡ
ѪѾ᲻ʱ
ˮ΢Цſе޴壬֪û飬֪Ҫʲô
ź˵̫ģرǵһΡ
е죬ëŪʪˣˮ󱳣Ҫǰе㲻˼Ȳ󱳡
ȻһΰˡȴǺ棬ϸģȻûˮıˮо죬һ˵顣
𣿡оеΣΪˮϷ΢ĴϢۣ
ۣˮЦ
ʲôˡ˵
ƲסˮпŵĽ
쵰ˣִһ£ôˮ˿ڴֱӱ˲ҽС
֮ǰߣںˣԲǲǺۡ
ĺۣ
ˮ˵ôһֳһЩѪһ
˭еôĵġ
С㲻డ˰ɣˮתЦ
ǲǻһ¡մѪëȥϴϴ΢΢ûˮеرǻԲ֮Ȼ·Բеʶģ
ʱˮԼʶʲôһ͵ͷһͷͷˮһŵ
Ȼδ£ֳʶĶ֪ģ̧ͷһճϼ磬·Ҫˮһ
ˮεĿԼɣ
ȴǳˮϣҡҡͷȻؿڣˮһʱе㶣ǳںϸܵĽë΢΢ʹ˵ԸС
ſˮֿʼͿ֮ǰʱΣˮԼԿڻûУһξ֮ǰˮֲֻԾס
һסͷ·ѹһܵһϽ֣ϿܻУǰĲܿơ
ˮЦţȴЦˣԼɡ
ˮóҩۣϣȻһϵϣҪҪ§סˮǺܴ󷽣ǰļͦˮҲûеִ
лл㣡
ˮŮˣҲԼ٣ΪԼЩǺܸжģҪ֪ҲϲԼģҲϲɣ


1537 ٻҲܳΪ
лʲôΪ˺ܶ࣬ǲҲҪллء
Ҳ֪ͻȻоҺýȴץס㡣
ˮеɬ˵
ˮ֮ǰ˵үүӶԪҪԼã͵ЦΪ֪ܽ棬ΪԽԽִ
忴ˮЦˣܸоϲԼʵҲɫ˿Լƽʱ壬ֻҪûעͻܸܵ˸̹һЩǺɫʱҲ˺ܷС
֪ԼΪԼ
Ҫץסʲô
Ϊˮ׼õһɾ·ϣ֮ǰ·Ѿˡ
ˮ˳ӵĴϣϲָоܰһֱչ˺͹ػĸо
㣬ҷİˡ
ˮ˵еࡣ
İҲǷģ·Ͱˡ
ɵ˵
㣬˵һϣ𣿡
ˮŵסһֻ֣Ŀˮ֮ôĵӾΪоʵҲеϲġ
ûгˮ˿ڱѣҲ֪ˮˣʲô¸ɴˡ
Ҳ֪˵ʲô
΢΢ͷ˵
ˮŲĻоɬȥڿɳϡ
еˣˣطϢɣ
֮˵
磬ôˣϲ£ѵô徲ûлҪ˵֮ǰĻ㻹ûлشأҵϣѪ°ɣ
ˮս˵
΢ϸˮоԼĺÿ죬ضƲס
Ҫٻ滰
Цſˮ
⻹滰ͼٻ
ˮƵĿ塣
Ȼˣ
˵⻰ƺһɰˮκ˵Ǿ˵˵滰
滰ûҪˣûҪίǸˡ
ƽ˲ỳʵԡ
⻰ˮеįģ΢Ц˵Ǽٻأ
ٻ˼𣬼ٻһΪŮ˵ġ
Ц˵
Ȼ˵ǼٻˮȴûɵһܰҲǽ˽ԶİŮˡ
Ү
˵һ䣬¥ȥ
ȥϢᣬһҽԷ
ߵ¥ݿڻͷˮЦ
ţ
ˮͷЦ
ͷŤͷˮٻҲпܱ滰ġ
˵ʧ¥ݿڣˮ类׻һ㣬òŻϹϿĵЦݣ㲻㰵ʾǲٸԼֻԼŮˡ
ˮ֣ΪľʱʵѾ˵˺ܶණҲˮĺ֪һ޸ˮ

һսˮļʶҲ˺ܶ࣬ʵҲһȫʶʵҪʵսҲõֲ
ص˻ǺٵģֻҪӣڴûκε
ͬһʱ䣬ҪһһЩ顣
үϵһһ㣬̫٣츳ѣҲһֵƽ⡣
үӵˣˣһ˻ûкˣذٷ
һȴֻŮѾԶޣʮѵĻһΣ˶סֵ˾һһǺѵõġ
֮ذٷһɵˣмǿػ֮ˡ
飬ʲôɵЦ
˼ôһԭģƶ¡Ǹ˵
˼ҲǱ˼ǾǻվǺ档һֱ˵˵®
ٷô˻˵
Ҹоλ˵ĺпܣҲǴңͻҵĹϵһֱǺܺã˼ҼȻôƣǾֻܡذٷ˵
Ҳ˼ͨ̽ҵķӦأǹ˼ǲȡǡɲ˵ɣ˫һ˵ƽǡ
˶Ĭˣױͣһ˵ף˵֮󣬻һʲô̬ȣ
ʲôңһǿУǿڲˣǲǻҵĵˣûʲô뷨Ҳô룬ľôûţҪǵʵ׳ͻ¿ɵؿס˿˵
²Ӧڽڻʱ򿴻ʲôɣ˵
Ϊ˶һλûиԤ͹˼ܾ˵ģʱ˵ˣ˵˵Ѿͷɣ
һ˵飬ܶ˶ƺ۾һ
ȴҶˣѾͷõ˷սĴУˮģˮҲս񴫳ߣٷ׵ʲôҪ˵ġ˵¶ĵЦݡ
ѾͷѾˣϣԼذٷ˵
ʵذٷ˵Ҳû˸Ԥ˭ܸԤҲһصĴڣôеĿһˣ˭˵ʲôԣοҲǾ˵˿һߵһ
Ѿͷû˸Ԥ֪Ƕˮʲô
Цſذٷ
ˮһѵõţźܶܣҼ츳ˣûʲôҪ˵һ಻ɳӣˮһŮ˩סģ߾ӦŮˡ
֪ŮĪذٷһֱڷ¡
˵ҵĵģѾͷ̫˽ˣȻҲܵڻǹһˣѾͷˮͱĲͬӦϲˮֻǰͻʹҵһѾͷ޷԰Ρ
̾
˶û˵Ͼʱ岻졣
ˣȻԤ˳ȻɣѾͷ಻Ǹ֮ˣһᣬЦ˵

ˮ˯ѵӺѾˣˮɾжȹģʵѾϺˣʱ򿴵ڿƺڵԼ
ôҡˮЦ˹ȥҲ֮ǰ˵Ļˮĵƺһ㡣
˯ᣬƻָĻϲϡ
ôҡˮЦſǵļˡ
㲻𣿡û˵
ܷ裡ˮǺЦ
ȥѷȣȥϴһ°ɣ˵ȥˡ
ˮЦſӰʧڳСҲһ棬ֳǺܴġ
̸϶ôķʢҲǲˮ֪ǲģˮóһ̳÷ưԼһ
С壬һ԰ɣ
ˮЦ˵
ҡ
Ŀ顣
Ǻʲô
ˮЦ˵

ý㡣
ܱܲôġ
˵
㣬һ
ˮڶ
ƱҼÿľƣҲζõľơ
֪á


1538 ɽ̶
ЦŵͷȻƱһڣ˫貵һԽҺȵõľƣ˵еҲˡ
˵
ϲȣȶж١
ˮҲƱһڡ
ԼƵģ
һתˮ
ˮҲôʣΪľ򲻵ģԼ֮ǰ˵ȶж٣˵ƲǱ͵ģӦֻһ˵ġ
һұ޷ֺš
ˮǺЦ
һȥԽȵĿˮƲֻǾƣȻϴӾ̱ԪЧ
ﻹвٶһ㡣
ˮϲȻҪʵ֮ǰҪо᲻ʡ
㣬λ᲻鷳أ
ˮƺ¡
ᣡ
΢΢Ц˵ֻһ˿ġ
ˮܵûʣ˵˵ģô٣ǿҲ֪һǵ˱˵档
ڶ죬ˮǺܶһԵķһϵˣ˻ذٷ˶ǺܿģˮĿҲ
ˮǵЦʱҲһЩԼĻҪǿ󣬹˼ңûбǷ뵽Լܣ˼Ǳô򵥡
ҲڣڼǰǺܰģֵܽõĺӶϲƯĹùãǵ˲
ӣһǿŮӣһеһˡ

͹˼ҵʱƽˮԼˣΪ壬үүԪҲˣĹϵҲеģѺãֲˡ
ˮҴȥط
ˮ߳
ʲôط
ˮʵ
ȥ֪ˡ
һӡ
ɽ
ˮһȺɽ֮ǰɽкöЩо綾ġ
ˮ뵽ԼкȻһ˵ǲ£бΣ𣿲֪ʲôö
ʲôҲΣյģҪСġ
ҡҡͷ˵
ɽһأΪĶԭԺ˽Уٵû˽룬ͽзһԶַĴڣֲԶַҲΣޱȣŰԾ˳һֱûٽȥ
һʮ꣬ˮ֮ͻȻȥ
ţԱܶ
ˮһѩ׵ӣó֮Χʮ֮ڶһĹâ
ܶ飡
ˮǰйˮ飬ٻ顢ԼıеӣھȻּܶ飬ⶫҲǺöˡ
أ
ˮЦʵ岢ûбܶ顣
⣬Աܿ󲿷ֶټϹϿû£һʱûбܶ顣
Ҳ⣬ţԷһ
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УҺܴ󡣡
˵
ˮˣô֪ܴġ
忴ˮɫ֪˵ʲôˣһӾͺˣǴå
ϲĽˮĵЦˣѱܶ㿴ʵҲбܶġ
˵ˮóһͬɫĹνֵ֣ܶķΧ㣬ƺӳס
Ҳûټ֣뵽֮ǰˮåӾͺֺЦҲ֣û
ֱ߽ɽںܿһƬɫֱӳԶЩŨ·ҪҺһ
ûʲôֵζӾһ˾ͻֹʲôԱܿȻû˻Ըȥԡ
һʹ˿߽ȥֺ֮ʵôŨǻɵģҰȻǺܹ㣬ҲԿԶԶɵġ
ҲڣûзʲôΣգϵֲ϶ǶݣżĳҲǴжԵġ
ˮû˵ȥ
ɽҲܴ󣬳״ɽͨ˷
徻
ˮ˵
ͷˮЦôˡ
룬һˣʲôأ
ˮţϴһ˿Ц⿴塣
һţҲǰġ
ûĺһۣ⻵Ű취٩Լ
㣬ƽʱû𣿡
ˮЦЦת⡣
٣ҪʲôݶŻһЩŻҲĶݻǺȫġ
Ļˮһ㶣ԼҲҪݶ۾ΧҲҪݣΧĶ̫ˡ
ǿĶݺͶ
˵ЦЦͷǰȥ
ಣ
һֱèһҰˮȥˮһֻҰ޶㲻ϵСһֱץס󱳣ץ
һ߲ɽǻưƣһ˫Ĵ۾͸¶žµĿ⣬ˮĽè
ɡ
忴ˮеСˮ˵Ỻһϧ
ˮָоúÿĳ㣬˻ޣˮץһֻªСޣͲоˡ
ˮֽС˳ȥһ·Цòȡް
ݸһЦÿҲʵһְ
ˮЦЦǰһЦǣһЦһǳ㵹ߵÿ԰ѻǹߣٶɱ練ơ
ҡҡͷú磬˿Ưе˵ģǸֵŮӣϲĿˮһǰȥ
񲢲ԣˮȴƲҲ̫֡
ţݣ
СˮͻȻһܶĲ˵
ݸһֻϳһݣԻɢһȭɫĹΡ
綾֮ݡ
ˮ־Ҫȥץ
æסⶫԺǿòҪֱ
û£㿴ˣ
ˮϳһ㱡һĹΣֱӽսɾ
һв֮࣬࣬ڷѿɵģޱȣݿֳ
ǰǶȺǶ䣬Ҫ
˵ߣתɽǰһƬˮһĵط鵽ߣɫġɫġɫġСֻСָϸȴһ޴¥ŵ˫С̫һɢݶĹâ
Ƕ̶ӦһֻǾҪ
ͣˮ˵
ŶӦкöɡ
ˮ˵
кöû˸ȥȡĶһĶ
ˮҲǿ󣬵ʵҲͬ۷壬ҲڶӰӣĶӦòˮǰɱܱȵġ
㣬֪ʲô𣿡
ˮ޵ѹƣԡ
̶׾˵һ궾
忴ˮЦ
ʲôܺ𣿡
ˮɻʵ


1539 ͷˮɱ
һ֮ĶҺ࣬ڼ֮ϲǶȻжԽеĶҺȡʥҩЧʵһ߶ֱʹöҲԽҩҲܴﵽһµĹЧ
Ľһ£ˮѾ֪ⶾ֮ˣⶾ˲Ҳѷɫʲô
ô˵ⶫǺöˡ
ˮ۾һ
ˮҵģֻöԸҲǶ֡
е˵
ô֪԰ɣ
ˮڴĿ壬
忴ˮӣͻܸоС˵壬һۣа𣿡
Уһᾡҿɲܵʲô˺
һлˮǲġ
ҲΣҲûᣬֻʱЦǸоȤҲе㿪ĵġ
߰ɣȥ
κˮǰҲдǰ̶Ĵ㣬һֱеԥ
￴ĵطǶ̶ҪɽȣǶ̶ڡ
˽ŲصŶ̶ķȥֻ·ϲϵж߹֮
һЩʵǿĶߣСɽͷһ춾꣬ʵ̫ǿˮþŹ뿪
ˮҪܣͼٹ˽ֲͣĴҲûзţԼȻƽ
һ·ߣҲǶ˵Ķǧ֣ʵǿҲﳢԣһпж
ˮԼһкȻžԵģټеҩопԱ֤ȫ
һֱһȿڣѾǶ̶ϣػ̶ģѰ֮ҲǴ˵̶ˡ
ˮû֣ȥ
ˮɲôƽﻹе㼤ģⲻǵһΣÿһζôĶ
ܿˮ˶̶Ȼж̶ȴǱ궼ҪǶ̶ˮȴ峺ģе̣
Ƕ̶
ˮʵΧɫĻݣͬҲǴжԣˮҲϺ࣬ϧûһûжġ
ţǱˮԴ̶ˮ峺ӨˮݶģΧĻݻˮеССϺǾ綾֮ⶾ̶ĶӦ綾ġ
֮ɫĹѾǶڣԸоʲô
㣬ѵҪȥⶾ̶𣿡
ˮΧǶϳӦⶾ̶ɡ
ţȥڶ̶ףãúͶ־ܵõ
Цſˮ
ˮֵ֪õĿԼΪ㣬ȥⶾ̶а취ģˮ飬ˮȻϹ꣬ЩѾռˮ飬˻бܶ飬ǵΪˮдֻбܶڣˮеĶ˿һˮҲʹá
ûԥֱ붾̶Χˮȥȥ
ˮҪСģˮжʵӰ죬ǿҪٷɵʵ
忴λõˮ˵
½վǻˮ½غͿпӣˮȴսҪɡ
ˮе޻ƫˮеޣˮٿɵȫʵ½غͿûκμӳɣҪһЩ
гڿе޵ģڿпɵս½غˮȴҪܵһЩơ
һĴڣں½նǿĴڡ纣ˮпһʵڿɲᱻơ
ΧССϺԶԶĶ㿪ˣˮгޣⶫҲǲκζĴڡ
У
ͻȻһ΢ȴ𺳵һ㶣ѭȥһ˺ܳԾġ
ͷˮ
ŨıˮѪԴѾǼˣˮǱɫģͷˮмǿԼͱˮԴе֮⣬ĶѾɫˡ
ˮ׺ô֣׳ˮζ֮Ѿˣˮ壬еĽ
ɫ飬Ĺâˮһô֣Щŵǰ붼󲻳ĶȴʵĴڡ

ȴֱӭ˹ȥˮͬûܵ˿Ӱ죬ͷˮ޷һҪܵͷ
޶Լӵ֮ѪžԵѹƣѹɵʵοڶԷ⣬ܵŵʱʵӾʹۿˡ
أ
ȴֱӳ˹ȥˮڲ֪ʲôǺֱײһСžްԺֱײ
޵ʵҲСģֻҪûٶȿ죬޾ǾԵĶħڡ
ͷˮǲóٶȶó綾ĴڣϧЩǰʲô㲻ϡ
ۡ
С
̶вϵðںڵѪҺͲϵķеĽܿͷˮʧȥϢˮֽ޴ͷˮʬսɾⶫǱϺܶණԵҩҲƶҩ
ˮֽ޴ĶѾˣоֲߵĽչоˮֲʱڿٴӵнչ
ɱͷˮ˲ɣΪܻܿöǰܵԼǰĵ
㣬֪ⶾʵ𣿡
ˮЦʵ
ҪҲôеˡ
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ⲻҵ𣬲£ʲôʱҶ㡣
ˮǺЦ
˿ɲҪŵԡ
忴ˮ˵
Ǿ˼ǵġ
ûнӻˮ֮оһ·Ҫߣǰ·ߣаʥģҲ˽ģͱŮ˷һ˵ĳ棬һֱɿڡ
ˮǺ뷨Ҳ֪һЩҲûбԭȻˮѾ¶ģŬ׷ûǸԵ֣ŮͼϵŮӣҲѡ֡
ʱһĹȥⶾ̶ĺȥٶȻǿԵģôʱȥľǧ֮ˡ
һδһĹΣˮ뵽ˮӦúˮưɣ
ۣ
˴ͻƹν棬һʿ֮أϧǹˮɽһĶ
ɽ쳣֣ܿˮ֪ӦһӦò󣬲ѨҪܶࡣ
ܰûκޣֲǺïʢǻݻľ֣ҶǳĴڡ
ˮˣΪܶҩݶԼģԣ߶ʮһѸٵռ
ܿһطֲʧˡ忴ˮоһǿһ̰ǿ
̰ģһҲʣ
ЦĿδˮ˵
㿴Ǳ߻УȻ̰ģǾͳ׵ɣ
ˮٺٵЦţȴǿ壬˼ԣ̰ģҲǺ̰ġ


1540 Ͷս
忴ˮ̲סͷһ£ԽԽˡ
Ҳоеǣ΢΢ҡҡͷ֪ܷɣˮϵıǼģԼԼ
ˮͷͷĸ׺Ů˻ûбء
Ů˺ܶɣ
Ц˵
ˮְʯͷԼĽŵĸоû³ʲôȻǲģںˡ
ˮεӣҲ࣡
ףôһͲ˼ˡ
Ц˵ѵÿСӾִٲӣ˳µ׷һ䡣
ͻȻе㲻ˣ˵˵ĸɲԷֿüݡ
ˮ˵
Ҹоԣϲ֮иȡᣬָܷߵͣ˽ݲðɳӣôֿܷüء
ƽ˵
ˮͨ仰֪ĵ뷨ˣε̾˺ͶǲһģҺҰǣһҲ᲻
ģˣȥǱ߿ɣ
ûϾѾԼ뷨ѾﵽĿˣƺҲʧһ㶫
㣬ܸܲ˵˵㽫Ǹʲôӵģиףһûϣ
ˮЦ˵ʵﻹڴһϾ˵Ǿ仰пܣĻûס
ҪЦſˮ
šˮĸо
ϣֻһˡ΢Цſˮ
ˮһ£ǰײˣǰҵһɫŮˣʲô㣬֮á
ˮȴǷ֣ѵôŬûõģһֱĻ
ҪҸС
ˮ˵
ȥģˣ㶯ְɣȻһ˵׼ûлˡ
ˮһƬ֮ǰһƬһЩѸٵĶֲɼˮٶ忴Ķе㲻˼飬Ϊ̫ˡ

ˮɼ˲һʱԶһˮûͣǼӿӶٶȡ
ˣҪƲҪȽЩġ̲סЦ
һ򶷰ٵˡˮ˵ȥֵһ
ȹȥš˵ȥ
ˮеĶһȥҿɲһȥðա
ͷҲأȴһÿĻȣҲеĸоˮǸܺõˣΨһһԥľ˺ͱһɫ
Ҳ˶ԽռԽǿÿŮ˾ΪУлǴһ룬һˮһֻϲԼһˡ
һת䣬ȵȫӰʱҲݲ±ʱǸʱҲͲڼƽǲֻϲԼһˡ
ҲԭǴŻ˵ٻҲܳΪġ
ˮʱкԶľ룬Ƿ·һΧһƬƬһƣɫһֱޱȵĺɫ
ˮܾȣÿΣɫй֮޲ɫѪûдﵽߡ
޴춯أˮһ̱⻭ˡ
𡭡
ⶾǰһС㣬Ľƺף޴ĶǰԵס

ƺޣȻѹɵʵ֮Ĳ໹Ǿ޴ģǿֲһڣ
ž
ֱӱˣһˮﶼһޱ黵ˣܿˮ֪Լˣ³ڶ޵ǰ
ˮĵĻǶĶǶʲôǴо綾ĺͶ򣬾ʵǿܶҲûá
׶
͵һƬɫĶҺѸٵĽ޽ڵı齫Χ
ˮһִһűȥ
Ǿ֮ͻĽϡ
ˮԻķʽֱ˽ȥ
Ȼڶʱѣˮһӱˣֱըˡ
ԣ
޴гһĺƺܷŭȻٴŶȥɱĺɳȥ
ˮѽԼ״̬ãʱûҳޣҪĶʵ
Ź
׷
֮
ټ޵ѹƣֱⶾٶ½һ뻹࣬ʵҲ½ĳɡ
ܵԼʵ󽵣ŭĺ

ɽ
ˮ忪ʼɧŶΧѾ˲ǿ֮ϻбܶ顣
ʲôĶûЧˮþɽŹ;Źǿ

췢һ޴ĺһĸоˮ͸ܵʵͻȻ

ˮ£֮ǰѹƣһͨɱһ츳սʵġ
ҲûлظԭʵҲԶˮ֪־õġ
ԣ
޴ĶֱһɨǧɨٶȿĲ
ˮֱַ̫Ѹ˳ȥԼǱĵǿ׳ޱȣǸоͷƺһ
֪û飬һѪӿˮֵûгԶѾ޼ܸܵõֻͨˮʵȻǺǿȴǾԲ
ƽսꪣ
ʽָ
ˮӭȥսȻˣǾҪսڻָ˴󲿷ʵһζĶȻѾˡ
Ȼ
ˮȻƽս֮С
ž
ˣϧֻڶһǳǳĻۣˮ΢΢ҡҡͷʱȴóһѩ׳
¹һĳ磬ϸһɼ֮ˮˣ֮֮ǰᵽﶾ̶жӦʹˡ
ˮ޸壬Ҳй˼ɵģž޵͵Ϯֻ޺ͶսζУһ͵Ϯ֣ǶҲܲס
еĳһİ׹⡣
ۣ
һ죬ˮȵķһȻڶһ˿ڣȻӴĶʲô϶ҧС˿ҲҪһѩ׳˿ڶʱ䲻ϡ
ŻĲ棬һƮҡĸоƲ죬ȴÿԶĹ
޾Ȼһʱö޿κΡ
ˮ֪Ҫ忹ȻֻƾٶȺΪǲģˮе㵣ģΪⶾһԼɱûʹá
ˮ뷨ų֣Ϳȫֳһڱʯһ⣬ſһһĶ֡
ˮд󾪣Ϊ޴βһֻ޴ͷһתźеȥ
Źɽ
ˮֱӰѾɽ˺֮ǰˮǵ˶ǰףԥѡӲ
أ
ˮϳһ⣬޴ײ˾ɽϣɽǽеײ˳


1541 ɱȪ
ͨɱǺǿģˮ޲η嶾ĻƸûκοɴġˮΪս׵ԭ򣬺ˣҲû˿˺岻֪Ϊƻʲôԭɫе㷢ס
ôû°ɣ
ˮץסһȻһȦ嵭˽ĺƣɫҲָˡ
öˣǺɫĺֲܿ
˵ˮ㿪Ķ
ˮое㼬֣ͨɱѾǸǰĶҲͨɱ֪жٸ
ʵӦһЩͨɱģһЩǱģɱǲܶģõһһʱһȥ޶ţȻ˻емܲסмˮԼ廨ŵĶϵʹóҲֹһ¡
ˮг͵ԼޣĶǺֲܿġ
ܿˮоԼĽ͵˶ֺͷˣ˵ѪѾﵽˡǿǿԼǿĿˣرǵڿϻǿġ
ȻˮҲͲڶֱг͵Լޡ
޳ǿĶޣǰǿֲĹҲԵֵҲᱻɣˮһ
ʱһĹȥϵʧˣʵȻ½һأص˱ʱʵٶȡ
ˮĵЦˣͨɱʱ䵽ˣˮ뵽ԼȻûʹǿͨɱǿֲٶȺͿֲʵԼмܵġ
ˮгޣΪٶȴ󽵣ˮѾ޷ӳöҲᱻɱ
Ź򣬾ɽټϵѾڹʱܶ׷ɱһ׻ϵ˶ϡ
ʱҲǲϵڶһ˿ڣȻϸСӣ˿ڶʱ仹ϡ
ˮʱó˾壬˵ֻϣܿŵУľﵽż֮һֱû崢ȴǶھҡܶ¡
ʱԵĿĲﵽżľѾôеöֻȴǿֲޱȣսľ·࿴ֲĴһ
࣬ΪʲôҪء
һһ
ˮ̫֣Ƕֱӿ˵ҲǺģˮоڲ˵Ѿˡ
Ҫ𣿡
ˮЦ˵
忴ˣҲûʲôɽ˺֮䱾໥Ĺϵ
ǻԴңҲҪصĴۣһΣٴһ߶ͼֻ޵Ĺ
ңΪҵޣȻû̸ˮֱӿ˵ûֹͣ
֪û̸ˣҾ㳢Ľս
ˮоΧŶۣˮɲ뿴ⶾǿսʲôֱ޷׻ֹ
׻
޵׻ͣĺȥǳˣˮаǲҲʹþѸ뿪
ۣ
ֱӴľ޴ĺ˽ȥˮһ˺ȻĻƽսֱӲ˶۴
ã
ˮеĺȻȻĹ壬ؼϢ붾ͿʼŰ
ҲˮĹǾش޵Ĺȴģֱ˶ԴС
𡭡
ʹĺûг೤ʱ䣬ܿȻֹ޵ƻӹɵġ
޴ĶȻأ޴ӶдܳûմȾһѪˮÿο޶ǸСôԵ
޵ĴСѾôˣˮоǸС񵱳Ѱһ
еƻõĸо˵ӵе޶ǿֻɫͳֲ޼ֱ޵еĴڣֻҪʱ죬ɱԽܶ౶ʵĴڡ
ˮ죬壺ˬˬ
һۣˮåصĻ̲סˮ֪Լ仰ʵġ
ǸˣҾǿûгɾ͸СˮٺЦ
˰ɣε˵
ǣˣҲûа취㲻͸ÿˣʳɫҲ̫ˡˮæ˵
ϱͣûеɽԽԽå
ˮɫЦЦȻž޴Ķȥ̫ˣˮֻһӣһž޴İ֡
Ŷʧˣ壺кöҸַ֡
ҲҪʲôöҡҡͷ
ߣȥģˮûǸϾ
֮ǰˮȥĻľֲ˸࣬忴̰ĵεҡҡͷЩĲһҩʦȷʵЩϧ
ˮĶ죬ȻһŶķȥ
½ϲʱĳһЩҩݣˮ˳ǣһ㣬ٶȺܿĲɼһɽӳǰһ޴ɽȪ
Ȫ
˿ѩҺΣɢǿҵֲ֮ݣֲǶϳ
ˮȪĴˮһ۾Ϳһɫľ޴󻨶䣬ѩ׵ȪԵôͻأ
졢Ȼĸоˮûһ仨Գϲˣò⻨Ư
Ȼ⻨ֻͨĻƯҲۿۣǶˮھһоĶŪߣȪҲŹ
ǸҪŪȥҵĶҲģȶƳɵҩٸֺòã
ˮô˵Ѿʼ
˵Щʵ֪岻˵ʲôΪ˵٩䡭
ˮɾŪһȪأȻȪֱɾʱҲͦģѻ¯ŴװȪɾ
Ҳķ˺óʱ䣬ѶҲŪɾУһɫѾ΢΢ˣˮΧֲǺԶطһ޴Ķ
һҹǰɣ
ˮǾ޴Ķڡ
ţ
ûг죬ҲˣⶾҲֵùģûˣҲȥˡ
вڣߴұźܶҹ֮ĶȻܽյ磬Ҳޱȡ
ĲͨɽϾôСҲе㲻ʵɽ޴ػأζ£ͨܺãȪζôš
٣¼סƤȺܶ࣬һϵ˵εģֻǳһЩ޵ĲϺҩ֮⣬¼ס֮ˮѾˡ
˵ıѾõˣȪ֮ǰЩϵҩ֮࣬ⶾҲǱԶеĶȻǺܺãҲûжôʧϢһȥΧҲ©Ķ


1542 ɣǿϣ
һλãһսǣһһǱߣһԲʹ񡣵廹񡭡
ˮܴһ߿Ū˵㣬ʲôûʲôõġ
Ҳûдס㣬ΪһߣˣҾͿԶˡ
Цſ
ˮЦǲٸܴӮͿΪˡ
ҡ
һ۾ͽˡ
㣬ҿȥϢ𣿡
ԣ

ˮΣֻóһŴϢᣬɫ΢ڣûгԷûʲôθڣͲˣ˵²Էûκġ
ˮҹȻԵİȫԷһȻˮֱӽɾ
ˮڵĵҩϳˣ⼸õҩȫȫˣ̲סơ
һ޴ķˮ룬ô˵ģƳĵҩʵЧȶƳĵҩȫһеļֵҩѡЧһֻǿȲͬ
ȪⶫͿҩʹã֮ȪЧãˮҩãûϿʼƣֻ޴Ķʬȥ
ɾ޶ȵıֶԭϿõıûϢԭⶾʬɾǧ˰Ҳʸʲôġ
ڵǡ
ȻǶһЩϻ쳣ģƶҩĲϣڵѪҺεҲʦϲĶ֮һ
ˮжӣо壬ƾ綾ķˮһֱеִģ󲿷ʱ䶼мʹöҩˮоöĵֶΡ
½ͬǲԸʦĹϵ̫УǸоֻ򶾵˲ǺˣҩʦһЩʱŻ涾
ɾѾˮŪһȪ⴦Ȫɾִһ߹ɾһֹںЩ߹ĳɳɾַһα仯
ɾѾֱܴܴѾϰǧףȻޱ޼ʣΪˮĶռ䣬طѾܴˡ
ͷˮһЩҲˮռѾȪе궾һĻ档
ˮϹչһЩҩݣһЩת𵤺𵤡Щ޼۵ģ׼ġ
ˮŵһ׼ˮԼʵǺЩϼһ˺ܶ࣬ÿζҪ޺޵ϣԷ˶ˣԼֻаķݡ
ʵǺǿϧʵ̫˰ˮʵһЩЩϼһͨɱ˺
ˮڰϣ棬Ǹˮ룬ˮԼе㼤
ӵʵȻǺܶ࣬ıҩѾǺܿ͹ˣиʵķԾˮڴ
ƿʼˣһûеͷʧˣˮһ㶣ΪҲ̫ˣһʼʧеоѹ
ϾЩҩ̫ˣʧһоһ󣬵ЩʧǲȱٵģÿһʧܶΪɹ׼
ž
ڶʧˣһûнˮͣҩٿѡõĲϣ
˳ˣŵ̫ˡ
ˮҵ֮Ǹƣһ˳ֱʧܡ
һƳ쳣˳һֱ컹ûʧܣˮľѾɹʧܵ⣬ҪԼһ˿ĽʣµҩȫŽ¯Уںϡ

һöˮγһĿǰĽ¯û뵽ֱӳɹˣ֮ǰʧܰ˵ǲԵġ
һ룬û֮ǰʧܣҲҩ״̬һҩһҪĸǰ֪һȴƺ״̬ķΪԺҩĳɹٴ˺ܶࡣ
죡
죬ҩѾһޣһҩﵽһ֮޷ͻƵĹؿڡ
ҩҪԽԽãͬҩ£ҪԽĵҩԽ˵ҪԽ൤ҩԽá
ˮЩҩ˲֪ٱǰǲʧܹҪ֮ɣҩҲҪʵġ
ˮеļĴ˽¯һ˱Ƕ˵飬û̫ı仯ֻɫԽޣ·Ҫȼһ
ˮֱӿȥ

ЧʣʵʮȫʵԵﾭԼżӹЧЧЧɱӡ
ÿһԳʮţÿԳһţͻ
ˮˣÿʮʵǧȫʵˮ⣬һҲӶʮıʵһžȻ
֮һ޴ķˮ룬֮Ĳʵ̫ˣǶʮˮõһͶʱû뵽ȻԲôҩǺö
ˮڵĸо޷ݣΪ⣬ЧɱӣټɾıҩٺܶʱھܽĹЧӡ
뵽жˮԼʵֵһؼڣһӦûԴﵽ۷塣
¯ţˮرˣ˵ӦһţѾˮܾˡ
ˮͿʼ˿ҩ߲ÿζҪӽȥ˷ʱ䣬˵߲Ҳ̫ȱ
ʮʱʣѾһˣԥһ£ˮֱʹĿţʱ䵽ֱӵɾ档
չȻеʹ࣬˳ʱȫˡ
Ŀǧıʵ
ƽÿʮıʵѾˣϾܺʱȣˮоԺİܴﵽ˵ǸʵͲˡ
˵ıʵʮȫʵʮȫʵˮˣʮȫʵˮڲʵֵһᡣ
˵ˮںˣʣʮţƣˮ˵ʮͿԽʮʹϣɾһˮر⣬Сҩ֮ʱ䡣
ʱ轣߳Ѿ轣
轣Ȳ̫ζȴٶҪһЩõŰڶ֮ɢǿҵȻϢ
ˮһգգĿţǿһ˿˵Ŀȣֿһֶľȣ̰
ܵˮĿ⣬ͣ𳤽ˣ
ţôˣ
ˮ֪ʵ˵
Ҳϲôš
ĵˣǲһֱ㣬־ˡ
ˮûԵı飬ﻹе㿪ĵġ
Ϊһİ˿ǲӰ쵽ģԼܳʲôԭⶼ˵ԼӰ졣


1543 ħţţ
Ҫҵɱˡ˹ߵ
ԽԽŮζˣúÿ
ˮ΢΢ŭɫЦ
ΣˮβˣȻûޣû˵Ҫû¾ȥ
ˮʹͷ忴ӾЦˣȴһֵĸо˹һĸоһͻ
ˮıӰһ˵оûкǸйôľ룬ʵϣоԼѾԽˡ
ˮȻͷ¶ѩ׵һЦ屻еֲæջĿ⣬ϳһ糺졣
ԼһжǱܣǸŮˣЩеĳʱǲܿƣȻûǸ˼
ˮͷԶȥȴǺܿģеϲԼġ
忴ˮȥӰȺֺЦ
컹磬ˮһᣬϤһ²ӵʵȻſʼΧһЩҰζҲŪһЩز˻ȥ
ƤϴһˮһУһ߿ˮЩ岻֡
ˮоأŮأ
ˮݹĳԵ˵
ʲôϵأ
ˮһ㶡
½³Ϊһܵı֡
˵
Ҹо뷨˶ܵˣҲ飬ΪİЩܡ
ˮ΢Цſ塣
εû˵ʲôȻЦͱ˲һʱأԼĹ۵㣬ܴ˵Ĺ۵Լʱо˵ĻҲе
ʲôʱеҵĻʲôʱҲеƽȵģŮһһܣûбҪôġ
ף
һ䡣
극ˮΧٴѼһЩҩ֮ûʲôջ󣬾뿪ˮ졣
㣬ʵ
ˮһݾת𵤺ԼݸҲ˶ˡ
ɫ֪ܲʹãϾѪֲˮԣٻЧܴﵽپͲ֪ˡ
忴ˮĵҩЧҲǲ˼飬֪ˮǸҩʦҽǿĿ£ȴû뵽Ƴôǿĵҩ
忴Щԥһ»ˣоǷˮĸܻ壬ȻͲ뻹ˡ
ˮҲûô࣬ϲΪԼŮˣǿˣֻҪԷϲԼǲǿģ
һξȥˣˮ춼£ϼʹɢĵΧǲʲôöܵȪ¿˵ҵһʯѩ
ʯѩȻ󣬵ر󣬲Ȫ֮еʯѩͲһˣȲҲ٣ֻҪûһڣʯѩҲһɼʯѩȪһ빦͡
ˮɾҩͬʱˮʵҲͻͽˮرĿġ
ʵҲǾ˺ܶ࣬Чǿʹ˾ת֮ﵽ۷壬ʹ־˲١
ɫˮĵҩ¾ĵһʵѪҲһ벻ֹرĿģڵɫˮӵӺϡ
岻֪ˮöʲôҩҲʣˮ˵ЩǶƵţˮرΣһУеƵȴʵġ
˳ڶ̶ϵʱٿⶾ̶ͻȻúͨˣˮ뵽ȪԼˣȻû֮ǰֵĸо
뿪̶ɽȣ⼸ˮƵպðʮţʮţƣȻıҩ²١
һ̶ˮջСˮ֪˵öʲô̶һöӦûõģˮԽڴ
ˮ֪Ͷ̶ʧĶ֮᲻뿪
ǰѾǺɽڲˣƣˮҲ֪һδѰҵıʲô
ħţ
̶߳һƬĲԭһĵطˮôҲû뵽һȺħţˮֱӷӵ
Щħţɲһޣǿ綾̣޴ī¾ڽһϬо綾
ɽ
ˮһӣ޴ľɽХȥҪЩħţʲôʵѵ̶Ҫֲ
ء
ˮȵĿűײɵĺħţɽˮ֪ģЩħţȻײɣȴûվٴ͵ĳ˹
⻹ţ𣿡
ˮ̾˵
ЩħţҲкڽմħţ˵ǴţԶ޴ţѪҺӲϬޱȣи綾óɫ湥ͬҲǴо綾
Ц˵
ţ
Զ޴ţˮ뵽ǰһ壬ţ壬һǿߴڴţħҲЦˣܶʱ˸ое棬еЦ
Զ޴ţµһЩȥҪСģһִţˣǾͲ֪˻ǵùˡ
ֲط̶ҲѷɫԶ޿Ǳ塢˿ѷɫĴڣţһҪǿĴڣǱ˵еһҲѷɫ١


1544 ţɽſ
ˮǵһ˵ţҪ˹ǲˣ֪˵ʲôǺڴЩħţûʲô̫вʤ࣬һߵֵһǰٶȺܿ졣
ˮûɱ֣Ϊ̫ˣŪѪ˷ܼħţԣãҪǵֵ뿪
ˮץסһȥһξ룡
һߣˮһȥȥ˺ħţǸΧﻹǺܿտԶһ˿ʵɽӰ
㣬ϴ𣿡
ˮ߱ʣΧܰΧľïܣҵ֣ܳʱĿԿһҩݡ
ⲻ⣬ֵطЩĶǿҲԭģĵرȻ࣬һЩǿͷ춼ǿԵõġ
ûУҲ͵˶̶
Ц˵ˮ֣ȴûѡ
ô֪кö
ˮץĸˣһ㡣
ҲΣûжôųˮǣ֣ҲûйֵľٶûѣҲûټ֡
һǰҵģ㹻ʵ
˵˼·صǰе˸С
ˮû˵ֻ֡
߰ɣռ䣬ӦǴţɽȥɣ
ָȻˮǰȥ
ȻԿɽӰ뻹ǲģһѾ̸ȥˣˮֻһ𣬸ɴþˣǣҲһ㡣
ʵìܣһиìܣܸܵߵϲԼϲԼܺãսʱܲҲҪԼԸҲܺá
һʱеãеȥԼһأܶʱ䶼Ųͼ޸ˣΪҲ֪еǵһʱϾͲҪֻһŮˡ
½һмŮ飬ֻͨͨ˲ŻһŮˣҴûɫġ
ˮˣоûбŮˣʱҲбŮˣΪ˻úܶŮ˷ɶ˻
㣬һֵΣҪҪ
ˮʵԸܵĵìܡ
Ŷ˵˵
˵
һֵ磬Ǹ綼ͨˣûޣûǿΪǸƼܷǸǹңڵ࣬ǸҶһֻȢһŮˣ˾ͻܵƲãػεǸǷޣܿġ
ˮٵ˵ǰһЩ
еҲͦ
΢Ц˵
ʵѾǺܾúܾǰģԵһοҾ͸оޱȵϤûεҡ
ˮЦ˵ȴͦġ
ûУ
ϵ˵
ܾǰʱһݵһɽ壬СʱǸˣܿ㶼ܣʱ򿴵С֪ôĽҲ³Կ࣬ʱԿĻᶼҡ
徲ţûв廰ƺˮһЩҲǺܺ档
Һܺãˣ΢һʱҾͨҲãиԼϲҲϲԼŮһҲǲģʱҺ֪㣬Ҫ٣ҸоһǺ֪㣬ʱɼҲǳ˵ģһʵҲҰģѰˡ
ˮҡͷ̾˵
ˮֳ֪ˮ뷨ˮɫ֪û˵ѣ˵ĶﻰҲܵЩΡ
Щ޷⣬˽ģǸϲͻ޸˭ġ
˲ͬܶ˶°ӾԶ˺ܶ඼ԣʵӾϳаŮǲͬҪʱ䣬һ͸𽥲
Ⱳ޷ͷˣֲſ㣬ǲǺ̰ġ
ˮ˵ҲеΡ
ţǺ̰ġ
Ц˵ɫƺɡ
ϴ˵лᣬǲģ
ˮæʵʵҲǺͿˣڻǣ֣ŮܱǣʵѾ˵һЩˡ
ԣ̫㣬ûиоԼô㣬ֻǸоԼԣʵֲŵĸоǰġ
ٵģƭģҲϲ鲻רһˡ
Ц˵
ˮ⣬֪˵ĻǼٵģƽ֮ǰˮĻƺʧˣͻȻˮִܣҲ֪ĴܣҲǶԷ鲻רһɡ
ǱԭŬı䣬޷ı䣬ѾŮ˻ֹһ֮еһֲǿˣЦЦû˵ʲôֻɿ
ͻȻоƺһȥһоееңͻȻָоֻ֪뿪ҲľԶ뿪ˡ
ˮּ뿪ʱȴͻȻס֣ղˣôȴҪˡ
֮ǰˮȷʵ㣬ܼѣ֮ǰ֮ǰôһʱˮоƺһֱڶЩ޷ǿģҧ
ʹסʱһоԼȺ·־ĸоǰļˣ֪˶ľĲɿ𣿡
Ҳ֪ΪʲôͻȻϣ֣ҺìܣˮɲԴӦң˳ȻҪңҲҪֺòã
˵
ˮͷЦˣҲ֣ս֣Բ𣬳㲻գȻҾˡ
ţȥţɽɣ
˵ˮѸٵǰȥˮŷ˿壬һ㣬ҲʱоԼܻ쵰Ѿ˲Ůˣɻǲͣ
΢֮ˮŷ֣ţɽӾȻһֻ޴ޱ͵ţȻڵϣ˸оһֻͻһ
Ȼֻһɽ״ɽɢǿѹʱˮоڵʵܵѹơ
ϹȻ
ţˮĲԾһɸѸٴܶ
çţ
Щȫڽ߲ʵУ֮ǰçţҲǺܾûб仯ֻû뵽ȴͻȻ궯ԼԼƺд֮ǰϵĸо
תһôתţû̫ı仯ˣˮţɽԼԼĸоӦǺɽйϵǺɽеĳйϵ
ˮȻܵˮͻȻ񱩵ûô£Ŵţɽȥٶ˺ܶࡣ
ԽţɽԽоϵѹ£·ϱ˴ɽһȻڻܳסѹӡ
߽˲ŷɽһ޴ޱȵĵˮһʱ俴ȻĻ˹ģֹȴֲɣֲڵĸоǡô


1545 ţ
ǰʱѹƺС˺ܶ࣬ˮƣ˵泤ѹӦøǣçţѸٵתţƺҪٴαһͷɫе㷢ףƺڳž޴ѹһһ㶣çţԪͨƴ塣
һ˲䣬ѹϱȥ˴룬֮ǰоԼҪ޷ˡ
ˮӺ浽ʲôȻôǿ󣬿ɢ˿µѹ
ˮڵſڿ棬Ȼţɽ˼񣬽Ųźһȥ
һˮһտޱȣһΣȻţɽСģͱĵʵ̫ˡ
ûһӣտһ۷·ߣһĻҳûκһ˿ۼӦѾܾûʲô
Ͼѹʲôܽģϻĺħţ
Ļҳϸһˮǽںܸɾͨܺãҳ٣ʱ䣬Ӧúܾúܾòôҳɣ
㵽ǰʱҳʺʲôֱӰѴ
ΧˮȥȻطܴ󣬵Щطһ۾Ϳȫġ
㣬ʲôҲûУʲôء
ˮʵоӦжģֻ֪ʲô
һʯһ׹֮ƺһЩĶҲ֪׼׼
ֱ˵
֪ûˮǽģ˵ˮԵˣԼһθǿǺܿĵģﻹϣˮܸá
˵ĽŲڵϣһƳ˻ȥΧǽںĵǹ⻬ྻˮɵϵĳġ
Ĺ԰ЩطףĻҪʯһ޵ĸоˮϣָожԼ
һ·ߵò죬ôȥСʱ䣬ת䣬·һڵ
ͬ࣬ûһҳеԽĳ֣ˮһ۾Ϳڵľͷһֻţĵ
ʹţɽе񣬲ֻӴ׳һֻ޴ʯţޣһ㡣
ʯˮ֪޵ϵǴʯģܿˮ֪ǣߵĽ˲ŷʯԱߵʯ
ʵʯҲСʮ׸ߣʮ׿׺ֻǺʯ̫ˣʯ޺棬ע
֮ҲûбĶˮڿʯ
ţ
ˮһ㶣һֱ꣬ˮ۾һçţļǿ棬ͷ壬Ҳڿʯ
ô
¶һ˿ǳЦ˵Уƺ
ѾվʯǰˮʹʯϣٶֵһĻˡ
ˮһһɾֵʯϴ˹ˮģǺľޡ
ˮϣˮûκθоʱˮԽ
ܿˮ͸ое߲ʵ׳һ֣ܸܵçţǿˣĽԽԽСֱʧ
һֱվˮʱŻ˵ô
ˮЦŵͷӦû
ˮֻܸܵʵһЩӶٲ֪õĺôҲǺôӦûǿԸܵĵ
ջˮٿʯʱ򣬷ʯ֮ǰôˣڿһͨʯ۹ƵǾ޴ĴţʯʱҲһ㶡
ΪʯҲǱͻȻ֪ͽԼǹйϵ
ʯϵĴţѾӡˮУΧûбĶ֮ȥΪʲôĵرҲûʧˮоõ˲١
ʱˮѡһλôϼ죬һ´ţ
ȻӦ
ѡλþԶһ㣬ѹСһ㣬ħţҲǺħţеʥأ徲
ˮţ쳣˳ҲΪçţϽǹţʱᳵ·ĸо
巴ִ粽УֻţоӦû⣬ܺŷֲ裬˰죬ҲͲĳָͽˡ
ˮԶĺܰҲҪȥˣֻǲ֪ʲôʱԼȫ׿һС


1546 ӱˣǵ
ˮͣʱѾǰˣͷ΢ЦſԼ˹ȥʵô
ҡҡͷ⹦̫ԵˣʺҡˮͷҲ뵽ΪçţôӦǺͽǹ֮йϵ
һξʮʱȥˡ
ɾˮʳһպˮܵڵʵһֲƽ
һ仰һƿӲƿоԼǰƿӣͻȻоܶණСĵҲǿǰǿ
߲ʵΪçţԭﵽʮʵʵҲﵽһǧ˲ʵ
ˮ޺߲ʵס󡢴֮ӡ֮´ﵽ˲ཫڵʵΪɱԪԭˮǿҲرǿ󣬾㲻ףʵҲѷɫ
ټ׺ңˮоԼǸְ壬ĸְ壬֮ǰĺԸڵˮӦö޷˺
ˮܾǰϬĹҲϬǿǷڸоǿķͦõġ
ʮѾ˷츲صı仯ǿķϿ˵ͬʵֻܸɦˡ
ɾ׳ţˮʱûдʹöȳ֮󿴿ֶǲǿԽӡ
ҩ˲٣Ǿ綾ϵĲϻ൱ǿģȻٵϾǿģˮƵĶҩҪĲϺܶࡣ
ˮɾ֮ѾɫˣѾԶ
ЩۿˮÿʵӣˮȵµʱҲʹȻҲ챦ֻʱϱɾ磬֪ûǿ
ǿˡ
Ц˵ѾǵĴ˵ˡ
һˣʱ޷ͻˡ
ˮɾ֮ǰľȹ̣мҲ㹻ʱڲΪʵ¸ȡ
̶̵İʵô໹㰡ʵһֱôҲǺ£Щһξ͹ˡ
Ц˵
ǲǸûȥˡ
˵
֮ǰˮ˵Ƕʱ䲻ʵˣҲ֪ûȥˣЩʱҲǵõ˾޴ĺôµʱ䣬ԼʵԼ޶õ˾޴
ôһֱȥ
ˮе˵
һ˵ȥʰ£һǾͻȥ
ˮͷûʲôʰģ¾ʰˣҲͬҲǺܿʰˣֱŴȥ
صʱˮеֵĸо뵽˹˼ң֮ǰԼڵʵԸ˼Ӧûһ龰
ذٷ𿴵ˮܿģڼҴһȥؼүӣˮҲǺرĴڣĶˣҸǺܶ˶опˣҲһصĴڣܶ˶֪彫ʱػڡ
үˮͺشɽӱ˺ȾƣϾЩʱûദǢҪشҲûаˮˣʲôǿ岻ԣ˵Ļˮ
ݼڣˮΪԭ򣬸оҲǺ׽Ϊ˺ˮԭһνȺ֣ܴһľ־ͬϣȻˮߵ̫
ˮ磬ƯƯ
ӱСˮʱ׷ܶУˮᣬĲŰα֮
Ưɣˡ
ˮ΢Ц˵
Ѿͷ˵ʲô
ˮһװѵӱ
ӱգգ͵͵ˮ͵ƣƫƫ忴һεҡҡͷ
ˮһϢʥ˽˴ƺѰġ
شˮ˵
һ˵ˮǸңش˵Ҫˣν˵мϣǾȡô׷Ӧ֪ʹɱˡ
ɱ˻û©ģһǿԲ鵽Ҳ˵ҵʵס
ʲô𣿡
ˮʵ壬СһΪá
Ǻ͹˼ҹϵƺܺãһͺ͹˼Ҵһ𡣡
ش˵Ҳ΢΢üͷ
ǲȹ˼˼˶࣬Ѫƴʤĺ˵Һ͹˼Ҵһ𣬲ò
ˮЦЦ£һȥǡ
˵ʲôأǲǲǵֵܡ
شõ˵
Ĵ磬ҵĴ磬ҿǰǵֵܽõġ
ˮǺǵЦ
΢΢ͷ֪ˮ仰ʲô˼ļ֪ǿķӦ֪µĿԺܴ
ͶȾƣ
ظ磬²Ҫү˵ˣҪʲô¶ǲ֣һ
ˮ˵
оԼͿˣشȻԼҲǿ֮ˣοˮҲûд֡
֪үӺ͸Ѿ֪ˡ
شЦЦ˵
磬ǿӦģʱҪǳ֣ԺֳҲСֵģҲ״ڿвץĲǡ
ʱ˵
һٵ±ϢĲôʹ죬ˮûʲôģһʵ˺ܶ࣬Ҫǿ
ʱشǾȻȥˣˮ壬Ͼˮסһ¥ϵġ
𣿡ˮЦʵ
ǰģڸõˣӦÿӦЦЦɵ˵
ͬģϽ𡣡ˮǺЦ
˵ǲǺܿĺ΢Цſˮ
е㣡ˮĵͷ
Ŷ˵ʵأƤءҲϰˮĵ٩

һ쵹ǶƽĹȥҲûʲô˼ҲˣԽˮԽǸоԾ
ֻôСģҲûа취ڵʱյһŵݸˮ
ˮɫѿеǣ㿴ţֻк̵ܶһ֡
ӱû֮ǰǵҪ֪ͨˣشСǸˮǰֻҪǵĻǲ
Ҫˡˮֱӽֽ١
Ҫȥ˵ӱϣܵ˺һˡ
߰ɣһȥҪ֪ͨκˣ֪ǵ𣿡ˮҲܵģӱܷŭȻֶΣҲųʹ͵Ϯֶˡ
ǵڴʥм䣬ˮʱ򾭹ǸҲǴԵҾǵܽ
ģµġ
ˮе֪⣬֪ʱš
ǵһܸߵĶСһĵźܶǣǵЩǶǿ󣬵࣬ǵס
ǵҰܺãһۿΧԶԶĵط޾۵ס


1547 ӱ
ˮ岢ûȥ֪ͨˣˮŰӱȳƶԷҺ͹˼ҵˣΪһûгˣ˵ʲô
Զǵطĺܺãʲôǰһ۾ͿԿӸ£ڰȨС
ǵֲïܣɽʯѰҼʵ̫ˣ˵ɽʱҲˣԷӦûֵġ
ܿʱ͹ȥ˰ˣɫѾˮ֪ԷĥԼģм亰˼ֻһЩ
ô죿
üȻе㽹Ͼϡ
ˮ˼һгܶʷ䣬ȻͿЩѸٵʧΧ˻ʷЩ̽Сˡ
ݣ
һ֧䵽˲ԶһֻǿĹļˮ߹ȥһֽ򿪷ֻ֡
ʮ
ˮʶ򿪣ȻϷȥһɽȣʱˮʶѾܵ˶ԷλãɽУǺԶ
ߵر̶ȵߣΪʶʶƺܶණˮʶǿֲ
ɣˡ
ɽȿˮͣûߡ
Ź˰ʱ䣬һŲ𣬴ɽ߳ʮˣΪ׵һϬˡ
ˮΪ׵ˣ˰ɣͷףӰȴǲһ̬ӸоһϴһֳȻĸо
ˣͨοԿˣֻǲ֪˼ûв롣
أ
忴ʵ
ֻ֪Ϊʲôɱˣɱôࣿ
Ŀˮ
ֻɱɱ֮ˣĪ㲻֪ҵʲôԣ
û˿˺˵
ҹҵһţֲŰӵܶһЩСëǿļⲻʲô
ҲҪģˮ壬ôҹ治֪ʲô򣬿̫ɺϣƫƫˣ⡣
ҵˣɱá
˱Ŀ⿴塣
Ѿˣ÷ˣʲôǲоֶ̫𡣡
üٴ˵
ȻɱˣΪʲôͲɱˡ
Це㷢
ϲֶ̫޳ô˵ҲǸ壬֪ʹֶҪЦ
ŭľȥˮס
ɣֶβҪҪģûŴӦһ£Ȼ͸ʬɣ
˲мЦˡ
ҪãȻ޷㡣
廹Ǻǵġ
Ц֣
ܿ˾ʹӱֻǵˮ忴ӱʱ򣬿޷ɢң˫·ң˺ۡ
ˮôҲû뵽첻ʱ䣬һŮȻģ׾ʲô
ӱ
忴ӱĺ
ӱ̧ͷ˫ۿˮû̫ϲȻ󿴿Χˣ㣬ұ𣬸ұޡ
һѪӱһ˫۾Ŀţ塣
һεı˭Ҳû뵽ҵҲû뵽ǻӱҪЮԹԾͷģû뵽ӱ˺ˡ
㣬ұ𣬸ұ𡭡
ĺˮҲ˫ѾȫѪɫ˿ֻš
㣡
ˮҲܷŭŭ죬ӱãˮоãֻڵӷܲԾ
е߻ħǰס
嶯ˣһɱѵȫˮܴʵ֮ǰһֹеĳһֱӻˡ
ˮ嶯ˣгޣó˻ƽսꪡ
Щ˸ˮǵһκһսǰ־ʴȣ˵ģֻɱɱ֮ˣֲңֻɱС
ɱ
һӽȻһӭ塣
أ
ҵ˺ǿˮоǿɱкԥΪ嵲һˮڵķǿֻһˡ
ֻɱУˮһ
޺Χˣ˲Ǻܶ࣬ҹֱϵڼܸߣһγоˮûκ⣬Сѡ
еĽͣĻӳ˫ûκģֻб̹ǵɱ⣬۾Ѿˣֻǿ綬յĺ
ҪҶҪ
˵꣬ĳϷɳһɫķ壬˳ȥ
ƣ
ʮֻɫСΧסˣ貵ĹâЩ޵ĹâģɢǵĹâ


1548 壬뿪
ˮΪʲôôӱҵˮ˲٣Ǳ»Υ顣ײԼҵ˾㷸ҲоʲôԼҵܵίȴǲˡôˣȻ飬ӱȴǳƷ
뵽Ǹ绪ïŮ뵽ԼԼˮŮˮо׽˳ֻ֮СѾͷˡ
ˮܷŭܱһ˵ıҽʦֻҪпܰҽЩȴ޿κΡ
ӱ֪ʲôܵʲôĥѾɥʧ˻ȥֻһܽѡ
ѾɱۣˮڷиãǰֵĽԽԽϬ޼᲻ݣˮȴԽԽģΪˡ
ʼ߻ħڷʶûģϵԼ߻ħǲʶԼģ߻ħ᲻ֵңȫɱ
ŭѾǱܣȼѪʱͳˣϵõս񴫳УѾѷսѪ֮Ҳ仯Ѫɱ
ôս񴫳Уעһħˡ
ˮкܸӣž޴ıƣɫС˱ѵĽʧԭأʵѾó
޺ͷŭȷʵܸһ˾޴Ǳܣɷˮо֪˻Ǳ
ʱ䲻ΧѾһʬҵȫѾˣһѪûмߵӱߣ
ûˮĿ⿴ӱƺеᣬˮɱҵˣСãġ
СΪģˮ߹ȥڰӱȪ֮Ҳ뿴
Сá
䡣
ܸЩѾˣ㲻ҪĥԼˡ
ˮҲܣȥȫɱ
Ҫᡣ
忴Զ޾ɱ⡣
½ǻˣȻܶʱնҪˮĸоǰǲģڱˡ

屧ӱصˣ͵ñ۸˵ɱӱܲңôҲ̵ģҲΪʲôͻȻߵԭ

ȥ
ڶҪ뿪ˮ֪Ҫʲô֧
ԼҲκ˲֡
忴ˮû飬еֻĮ
¶Ĵ̫󣬶˸ûһģѾʼԶˮԵĸܵ
ʱ䣬ʥһЩɱģˮһֱڰУĿһУҲһıŮ٣ɱ¾һɱ˵һƺһѪŮħ
ˮ뵽ħ̨յõħУȴûɱ޹ħΪˮҪ
ս񴫳УˮһһŮˣȴǳΪһѪħͷоԼ·ʧȥʲô
ԶվŵѪĳŮˣһ̸оôİվΧûһŵˡ
ˮоԼ뿪ˣ̧ͷʱѾվǰĮˮҿƲԼ
㲻߻ħɱ˵ʱ֪Լʲô
ˮ̾߻ħа취ȴΪ
ӱĳģˮ⣬⣬޷ı״ֻʱ뿪ֻʱı䡣
ɱһʹ޷ӱЩ޻ţ絶
忴ˮ˵
ˮ⣬ĵͷ⣬ҲܣЩ۸ӱôɱ֣һЩ޹ġ
û˵΢΢Ʋͷ֪˵ʲôͻȻоңǰˮֵʱûš
ܸоԼסˣԼˣƺϲԼʵԼҲϲ
ǵɱЩûкܶȷʵ޹ģо仰ԩԩ౨ʱˣ˭Ҳȷ¡
㣬Ǹ뿪ˣӱΪǣѾһ䣬Ҫȥˡ
ˮе㲻ᡣ
һ̧ͷˮֻеſ϶ԼϲģоˮѾԽԽԶ֮һǿãĵͷأ
˵⻰ܳأˮγǣͷҲǣչ˺Լ
Ѿõİ취ӷֿһЩӣͻҿ֮ԽиҾǿԽҿеĺܶʱͿԽҿеҪܾꡢǧܽ⿪
ˮö˵뿴뿪
һĵĲͷӰʧԶˮһֱӰʧտյġ
֪̾ȥڵʵʲôΣգǿעģģ뵽ﻹǷַŲ
ˮ֪ʥʲô᲻ʩѹʥҲ࣬ҪҵʩѹĻ֪᲻鷳
һ㣬ʩѹҲʲôΪͻԵôų

һ˻صʵﲢûиоԼʲôѾˣоԼó飬֮֮ûдǾȻ˼޹˺ԼˣԼҲôԸһҲ֡
˿һ˻Ҳµʲôʧȥӱʹ֮УüˣһֱܳƣһͰԼ
ˮʥû뿪ԼλоԼҲôԼôΪʲôҪֱˡ
ˮ뵽һì֮УΪԼȷģҲΪǶԵģоˣ֮ľͻȻ
ޡŭġѾ壬ѾڲĶˡˮ뿪Ժʱ䳤ˣȻĨƽһЩˣڳڽԼλá
ûˣʥûгˣǸ壬׼ҡʲôӦûУɱţʵǣ˺ܶˣܶʵˮ뿴ʥҵĶЩһʥҸһ˵ġ
ˮҪĿġ
ʳǣ
ˮʥĻʳס֪жʶݳһ˵ģ
ƣϼˡ
ˮ߽ʢ¥кԼķԱ˵
ˮҸطĲɵĵͻȻ۾ǸڴһŮӣŶҵŮӣ񻣬ƲĿ⣬ˮעΪĵԭ򣬶˵Ϣ
Դѧ˴ţǹ֮ʶҲ˱仯оŮֻоųɶϢ
ˮˣ⻹ǵһ飬ϾȻһ㲻ϢɾɣǿҲֻô
˵ﵽе۷ɻữеһǻģлǻһЩ޵ӡ


1549 ѰһҶ裿
һЩе壬κǿ޶ܻģģ½ܻĳ֮Ƿëǡ
ˮ뵽ǰ˵磬ССﶼܻˣݴ½Ȼ棬ǿҲܻܸ࣬ı״ĴС߼򵥵ĸıΡ
ˮӰ˵࣬ˮһȻǲʲôгһ˿
½û˵ģʲôֻҪˣͲˮܵһֻǱģȭͻˮ˵꣬Թ
ˮԾ˹ȥϵļ̲ˣŶҵŮӶҿ𣿡
ˮŵѾҿŶ棬ŶңǿԿ毺õ
ⲻѾ˺񡣡ŵȻ
ˮ֮ӣⲻҲŮˣƺ뿴һ಻֮ͬϧʧˣûпһ㲻ͬ
ˮڿŮ˵ʱ򣬸ܵһɵɱ⣬Ů˵ΪǿܵɱⲻΪ֣ϾԼˣԷǸŮˣ˭˵ġ
ûб˼С㲻ҪҾǸܵСһɲͬѰ֮˵Ժܺ档ˮ֪˵ʲôԷһԼʲôͽӻå
ˮĻ˵꣬ܵһɸǿҵɱ⣬һţǸŶҶܸܵԷ۹ڿԼ
˵Ҳ
ˮ˵㿪ʼȾƳԲˣƺΪ˵ЩѣŮһ£´İˣܸܵԼϢ˺ٺ٣ǰȴܸܵ
˵ʲôŮ䡣
˵ûж⣬ҾǺ棬ʵСæˮЦ˵¶ˣôŮ˺ܿǺģһ壬ĻͺпǱˡ
ŶΪʲôҪ㣿ŮҲûгҲûзϡ
ˮ뻹治ҲԷԼɣ˵һҽʦҿǷ飬ֻҪһҾܾһ֪ɲԣ
Ůһ룺ҾȨһء
Ůʵоˮֹſڿ֮ˣҲ֪ΪʲôʱҲûʧæðҸƵ
һȥ˱ܰҵ𣿡ˮԥһ»˵˳
ϾŮ˵ֻǲ²⣬ȷǲǺˣ˵֮ˮҲǺڴ
½ˮ½˿ѷɫˮ½һ㾮ˮˮŸԾ޴Ŀռ䣬Ҫͨˮͨ࣬޷뿪ԼĻҲƽԭ򣬱һͨ˾ǺˮҲֻӾѣǿߣϾģеĻˮеĻࡣ
ЩģҲս
Ů˺ܰĳŶͷҲ̧˵ΪеΪǺˣ
˵ʵҲֻԣСﲻˣҲС㣬ûסҺüˡˮȶ֮󣬵ʵڽһʱֱԼȥңѾһˡ
ҶˣҲ֪Ҫʲôˣһе·԰һ¡Ů˻˵
ˮһϲе˼ɣˮóһһҶĻϡ
Ů˿һҶĻ񷢳һ֮˭ʲô
ˮŮ˵ķӦǾȣûʲôŭʵش𣺡Ϊӡ
ӣƭˣϲ㣿ŮƺЦһЦ
ˮ֪ݵԭ򣬵ǶŮ˵Ҳе㲻ˬΪʲôϲң
㲻еҿǿĻġŮЦȴѾˮݡ
ˮѾȷŮ֪ⲻԼĿЦЦСѾˣСӦʶ֪ܴܲȥ
ԣﻹе£Ҫһʱ䣬ɣһº棬ȻҴȥô
ˮͷԼҲһʱ䣬ʥĶҲã뿪е㲻߿
Ů뿪ˣˮûȥʲô飬ܸܵŮ˺ǿֻڻ޷ȷ廹Ǻ塣


1550 Σ
Ů뿪ˣˮоеĸоһ£ŮһϵһҶ裬ҪˮоһҶƺͺйϵˮèצһ޲ϼһҶ裬ŪˮʯһҶʱ̫ˡ
˵ûУʥҸˡ
һˮĶУע
ܶ˶֪˰ɣʲôϡġ
ǰǸ˵ٴδһ
ǲоȻֱʥһţǶʥҵӡ
ɲܶ˶˵ܣҪҸҳͷ
ͷҶѾʧˣҲŲͷûκκô
һкܶѡؼʲôģǿɲ㱻ˣȥǵҲǶˡ
ţҪ˵ҵеҲҺǿĴڣ֪ǻ᲻Ϊҳͷ
˵ǲҺң
ɲ𣬶ҽڻ֣ȻʥɱңСŹһεزưոݵģѾʽʥҲֲ֧Һҵж

ˮžƣǱߵۣ޲磬ɱҲеͷˮоҲпԭġ
ʥĶˮһ֪Ѿ׷Ѱˮ·ʥɱҲˣȥֻعϧֶβʣе㲻˵ֱ屩ߣžն
ˮڲ֪ôȻǿ󣬵е㲻ģΣ˭Ҳɵûа˭ȥѰ·
뷨ˮиŲҺǰƷ֮ǰľǰȺ
ˮԼд˫Ȼܶʵʹ࣬ˮҪľֻҪԷϵʵʤѡ
ˮѾˣֱǸȥ޷׷壬Ҳûֻֿһʱ䣬ϾͻȻתﷴǺ¡

һƽˮ֪ƽıѾҲһεĦһΣս

˼ң
ҺҾͻϵ
һյ׵˵
ǹ˼Ҽط죬ִƹ˼ѾˣһκԼ棬˼涼ˡ
ţʲô𣿡
ƽĿڵˣʱڴжʮˣǹ˼ҳϣǼк֡
ûУһǸˮȴǲˡ
һιɱҲʱͲҡ֡
סڰϲҺҡ
һ᲻֣
Ժˡ

ˮûȥ壬ųʷΧɫܿ찵ҹɫŹʯԭ򣬵ر
һַҷҴææڸȦ
ͻȻԶһʯˣһȺӵҹɫˣȻϻҹкܷϾܺͰȡ
ͻȻϵĹʯٴ֮ˮоԣΧĹʯһֲٶʧ
찵ˮֹûôϿոȥȻҹӰһˮȴǿԲ˿Ӱ졣
Χʱ֪鲻ѰѸٽ״̬ܴôȻԼֶΣػѸٿ
ֻȫ֮ǰЩĶͻȻըٵžĹʯҲѸٺ
顭
ͻȻѸٵı𣬽ѸٳʱͻȻһЩɫʿ˳֡
ʲôˣȻ
ذٷߵ˵ɢ޾ɱ⡣
̫ˣ̫ˣҲܳ
һŭгź
ǲҺҵˣȻˣҲͲûȥˡ
ذٷ˵ŶԷȥ˵ʹ򣬰ѶԷǸ˸⡣
ҲͿʲôʱҶ
Ѫ¼÷֣
˫ֳΣȴѪɫһƬ÷Хذٷȥ
Ҷƣ
ذٷ˫ֽӡһʱ򣬶ԷӰذٷȥѤ
ǿ󣬿ϧ٣Ҫǻս˼Ҳܺ£Ͼ˼ҵ˲֪٣ǼǿҲʮ
һֱܵ͵ϺͺͻҵĹϵû˻ȥĻһŪһеλãвؾͻʧ
ҲȺ֮Уһѩ£ֳѩ׵ĳһžʹһ͵Ϯذٷߡ
ԷƺҲ̫Χ˲ϵķһЩǿĹɱЩ˵
ذٷ㲻ȥļô𣿡
ʱһذٷ˫ĿԲ
Ҽˣһ塣
ذٷѪҺȼ
ұʱǸʲôˣҽҪŮԼļһȥҪ֪һʧȥľ
Ѹת䡣
ȥҡ
˫۳Ѫ
ֿȻơ
ذٷ΢΢ҡͷ˵
ЩҪУӦϽȥǱ߿ɣ
ᶨ˵
ذٷҲǺܹʱͻȻ뵽ˮǸãԷĵ뿪оŮκ顣
гɫľߴذٷȥˣϾؼҲһЩΪϲ̨ˣûл֮ġ
ѾͷҪСġ
ذٷ˵仰ڵѪĸоѾʧȥһŮʧȥŮˡ
ʣ廹мߣҳϵߣʵǿһʱҲܳסɱ˶Էˡ
֪ߵغѾͷܵס𣿡
˫ֽһ޴÷ķ·ҪγѪһƮǰתš
ĿŲ󣬳һֱɫķһŲȥ
žԣ
ͻȻǿӡֱӷסĹʱ򣬲ҧָ⣬һξѪǶһ״С÷֮ϡ
޵÷һ̸ѪתɢһֹϢȻûйѾ˵սľⶫ̫ˡ
ҽ֪Ѫ÷ȥɣ
ֻӳ޵÷תȥֲ֮Ļɫ켣
ɫˣû뵽ôʹǿͨɱӰȻˣǾʱʮֱӽ·
üš𣬼ȻѾ·ˣֱӭǶ÷Ϊ÷ʶȻֹܵʱó㡣
أ
ͻȻһСɽͷ÷ǰ棬ȴǱ÷ֱӱķɣ޴
忴ϤСɽͷһŰпȥ


1551 ˮĲ룬սת
ͰΪսؼѾһƬг˾ҵǾԭ
̧ͷϤӰĿϤĿ֪ˮȴе˵ĸоԼǰԸñĿ˵ǲԼġ
˵ŲԼ
ʵˮûô࣬ʱûпʲôܷ壬һʼͲܣ뿪ΪʱûԼλãܿ£ܿģӱˣ߻ħˣˮ
ˮֱӵǰѪ÷ײ˾ɽײˮֱӽˮײȥ
˵ľܽˮײϣˮԼת̶֮
Ź
ս⣡
ˮгԼޣѸٽ״̬۷壬óƽսꪣˮʵѾȣڿԺֱײΪЩ˵Ĺ첻˺
ˮһӲӲڶԷϵ¾ɱ˶Էˣﾪޱȣ˾һʯͷ
׷
շħ
֮

ˮܿͽǰսٿأˮֻ˵ɱ΢磬˵Ҳϲˣˮʱ
ޣл֮ս⻷ЩѸսȻˮ˵㣬ҪģҸմү¡
ˮĻˮʵǶôĿ£ֻҪھܻΪģ·ԼĹǼܣԼվĺܺãɣûԼܳ
㻹ҵ𣿡
˵Ѿɱ˲
ˮûü˵ʲôѾ뿪εЦЦԼûı仯Լʱ뿪ģŪúԼ뿪һ
һˮ޵ļһʱķңֱţһţˮȻֱгޡ
׻
ˮ൱ĬһʱһʧһǶԷ൱ǿĴڣ壬ʱҲɱˡ
ʵѾ൱ǿˣȻذٷҲһģԴѪȫֱʵٴδ
һֱֲӵСεʵǿģ޵ֱˣʶ㣬޵Ҳֻ֪ǾǶħĴڡ
ȥ˿Աģֻ̫ͻȻһʱʧأĶ׽ˣŭȴֲ䲻ԼһԼǽ
û˲ˮ˭Ϊʲô飿
Ǳƭˣˡ
ˮмĿŲ
ˮܸоº͹˼йϵôƻֻϤˣһҪгԹˣȥ˼ҵһӦǲġ
ȥʱˮ˵ȥ֧ԮүӰɣ
ˮﲢǿĶԾҲͣѸȥ֮ǰսѾƫԶľˣҲǶԷԭ
ǸϵʱѾȫƣһ͸Ĺν֣үм䣬˿˿άŹεػ
ȲϵŹϹѾҡҡ׹ȻѾֲ֧˶á
ҼӰѾϼһѾֲ֧סˣҪѪϴ
Ѫϴ

ˮʲôҲ˵ֱóһ׷ݸ塣ȻԼóһѣͶ
ʲôˣشСˣ
䡭
Ȼ׷εǿˣԻҳ棬һļñ߲һ˿ľ
סǣ
̤̤
ˮͽͬʱЩ˷ӵȼͨɱսĳɹߣʱʾǿá
ֱöԷʮ˳ѣиǿߣˮľֻ̤һѣһʵȽġ
ֱһǿߣˮֱһֹӵ꺮컨ַ
Ҳֱͣһɱȥһзʵ̫ˣһ˲䣬˳ȥΣҲɱ˳
һʱ䴦ڻ״̬
ˮУսֱʵһɣս⻷󷨣ʵӣָҲ
޵ɱǲûɵģȻʱѣȥˣҲˣǱһצӰԴûˡ
ǸǸǿߣԺ˾ȽԶһ㣬޺׵ĵˣˮĶǿֱֲӴ˲ʮ˵Ǹǿȴ֮յĶ˹ȥ
ˮһֱ֣ó淢΢΢ı䣬Ҫʿ
Ҿ˵ˮġ˿ĵ˵
ˮֱӽϵһ㱡Ƥȥо̫ʧˣݵƤоǶ̫ˣһֲҺƳߣǰЩƤ߻Ҫ£ˮ֪ԼԼӣޡ
Ǹǹ档
ˮһϤӰϴκսˮ⣬ʶڽӴ˶·б־һ
үӿˮָŵˣѩ׵ĳü𣺡˼ǳˣȻϲҺӦ϶Ըǡ
ͺ⣬Ϊʲôһôˣʵ̫٣ңֻܰ
ˮͻȻַ·һֻһ³򣬵ȴƷ΢Ĺϵ
˼ڳ֣ҿԲ׷
үͻȻŹķȥ
һҲսϾ˼ڵվסţҲô۸ġ
ڹ˼֪Ѿû·ɭɭ˵ǽȫҪ㻹ǿɣ
ذٷ𿴿ˮںɣˮ֮ǰıܶ˶ΪΪˮĳǵʵ˺ܶࡣ
֪Ȼ˾ͱǲˡ
սһүӺذٷϬˮ޺͵ϣҪ˺ذٷ𹥻ʱ͵Ϯ
ˮǺһػͻΧɽҪǷˮżҲ䵱ܡ
үӺذٷˮļӳ£ʵֱ̫ˣˮԷʵٶȣ¶Է˶ֻаķݡ
ˮаնԷЩˣˮþͻԷǿһһЧʵ̫ˡ
սһߵ缸һ㣬ֱ֮һ㣬ڶԷʩչͨɱʱ򣬵޻ֱӵǰֱӻסֱӵסԷĹޱ𳬼ݼʱǿ̫ˣֻʣ¿ˡ
кףײ粨һһըֲޱȡ
ˮԼƿأүӵĹͻȻִһ׷߷Чǳĺð


1552 ƿأˮǿ
ˮָоԽԽ΢ϲָоһֲȫֵĸоȫƿصĸо
ֻˮ˶о˵Ŀ£˵ʵ̫ˣүӻذٷͶԷ಻󣬾ʤҲҪϰУֻҪһУȫɱʲô
׷
ˮһȫٳĺߣֱһ׷ȥ׷ֻ֮һʩչˮֻʵǿʹá
ž
ٶֱӽķ
ˮܾûʹˣǿֻǰʵǿԳɹе΢ʵӣһܺãһʱѪֱӶ˹ȥ
֮ԶȥΪˮܵ˵ʵǿ
ɱ棡
ذٷ˹˵˵ݣˮ֮͹潻֣ʶɱ档
Ҷơǧ˿ɱ
ɱ治˼ĿԵֵĹȴ˾ĸо
ɱټȴһ浹ҺҰգ˼ҸǻںޣóȥˮҲղǸܵһΣ٣ϧѾܹ˼ģΪǵᱻֹ
ʱ£µĿЦȪҲһָҺԼ˼ЩЦȪˣĿ
սûκǿսҲöʱ䣬һʼҲʱĹ⾰
Χ棬һЩˣս󲿷ʱ䶼ڿУȻΧΪһƬ档
ȫɱһսĺƯΪ˿ԺԣȻ˼ˣ˵û˽ǣҪذٷһүһЩˣˮ׵ľκˡ
ʬȻ˴ΧһƬΧһ˿ûУ˵쳣ٺ
үˮߣ˲ٺܶ꣬ĵλ˺ܶ࣬һθĴܰȻȻֻš
ˮǷĻˣֻҪõֻҪһ仰˶Ϊ㵶ɽ𺣣仰ԶЧ
үӿˮ˵
ˮЦҡҡͷүӣ֮䲻ѵӲ𡣡
΢Цû˵ϲˣ壬Ѿǰ˱仯Ůһп
Ůı仯ʵ̫ͻȻˣ֮ǰˮûкһ˾Ѿ֪֮һЩ⣬ϧ
쿴ˮˣһʯͷˣؼҶĸ⣬̫ˣĲ֪Ǹһδˮһźš
׼˶ܿģûаˮˣӱôһʱ仯ĳƣǳ˾޴ı仯
ߣһȥֵףһ£һȥ
үӿĵ˵
Ѿͷˮһȥɣ׼һ£һԵ㶫
ذٷ˵
Ҷ뿪ˣǰʱˮ壬ˮΪ壬ܳҲΪ壬ܸүҲΪ塭
лл㣡忴ˮ˵žĶǵˮѾǰôϤ
֮仹Ҫô˵۽ΣֻҪ֪ǲӲܵģԶᡣˮҡҡͷ̾˵
Ҹоҵĸоˣ֪㲻ϲôҿƲסԼ˵
ûб䣬ҲôûзһװˣںˡˮεҡҡͷһܵĳЩ̼ͻһЩı䡣
ӱŮ֮һ˿ûˣȡ֮ǳޣҲˮܵı仯ȻûжˮʲôֿѾ¶
Ĭһ»˵ûУж㻹ڴ
ˮһЦʲôڴ
ڴǰֵʱ֪װޣλá
忴ˮȻϳһΣҪ̵֪ŮӣɫȻ
峤ôǵһ˵Ļ򶨴ʱҲ¹ײܿͰĿƲҺˮĿӴ
˵ϣˮɵˣô仯Ƿûб䡣
ˮǰס֣о΢ûѣ̧ͷˮǻȥɣҪȥϴܲ
һ̺˵Ҫȥϴˮӿ죬ǺЦãҲȥϴ裬Ҫһ𣿡

ϴһˮصʱѾϽʱˣҹˣҪǿ߶ڣĲ࣬Ĵôĺ١
үˮˮȻᣬүˮذٷ档
϶˵һЩɵҲ漰һЩڲҡҺ͹˼ҵ飬ˮҲ㲻ˡ
ΪϣϯʵϾǳԸףһ£ܿɢˣҹĶȥϢˡ

ڶˮΪῪʼԲһ߹˼жģˮǣûжʲôҲûһ
ˮ£ػ󷨣ˮϵҲϲϵģҲѧٵĶǹ󷨵ġ
ˮںԺүˡ
ˮͷɢɢɣ
е˵
֮ã
ˮЦЦСš
ǲΪʲôҲ׷Щˣû
˱߱Ц˵
ˮЦŵͷʵѾһ𰸡
Ʒ⣬ʵҲһֱΣգΪ٣һֻûݵϻܶ˾ءη壬һֱ£˿֪˶ǿߣǰ飬ûбҪһжȥĵɣȭͷֻҪȥ֮ǰ˿־ġ
˵ЩЩΣˮ⣬Ц˵үӣһζҲǰ취ʱóʱҪϵĳ֣ȻΪǺ۸
۾һˮЦݺҲЦˣˣˮԺһЩ壬㿴Σ
Ȼû⡣
һᣬˮߴǱ˻صׯԺ廹û˯һ¥Ŀڴվţ
ˮĽŲͷһ˿ȣˣ
ˮЦݷ·оصǰһͷôû˯
ˮߵߣ棬Ұܺã˲࣬Ҳ٣ڸԵȦΧʲô仯ȥģҪ
Ҫȥ˯ˡ
ΪȲһ˯ء
ˮЦſ֮ǰЦգǾޡ
Ҫȥ˯ˣ
΢΢ҡͷ˵Ҫ뿪
㣬үӴȥҡһй˼һߣʲôʱ
ˮס塣
¶ĵЦݣɣǹҲɣ


1553 һֻعҶ
ˮûʲôںɣʵľȫ˱仯ƿصܺãֻʵκʱ򶼲ᾪŲΪںܶ˸оǿֵһᡣ
Ҳãʲôʱʱ˵һˮͷ⡣
ãȥϢˣҲϢɣ

ʱһζˮ춼û뿪˱Ҫɾʱ֮⣬ʱ䣬ˮȫԼ˺һһʱ֮⣬󲿷ʱ䶼ɹ̫
ڰĻ²Ż˼һ˼˼˲ŻôᶼҪӵġ
ˮܶʱ䶼˼ԼδǸŮ˵һºǸ¥ȥһҶ衣
ˮ˵Ҫģ׷ֹģˮΪģҪʲôµһֻǲ뱻۸
һ·ˮһֱΪŬܶ˵˶ǱƳģʵھ޴ѹ֮²¾ͻᱬ
ҲкܶഫԣǹͲҡһй˼ҵģûв͸ǽҷһι˼ұƵ˷˿ڡ
˼Ͳôãһκʥ͵Ϯǰ׽еģһù˼ҳǧָ
⼸ǴһϢشС㽫Ǽֻһ
һϢȥ˲ˣشСһƬǺģӵֲǰ׽еģεѾ嵭֮ǰ顣
˲ΪʲôӳȥָҪ֪Ȼʵǿ󣬵ϾǸˣҡҺ͹˼ҶǴ壬Ҳ̫дˡ
ҲбĲ²⣬˵һǷһúȥָ⼸岻һЩϹＶɣ̫ˡ
ĴԻûֹͣϢ˳ˮŲҡҺ͹˼ҷսǱս飬ǶԷܵġ
սܣ˼ǿԴŵģʵǴŵģΪ˿һ㣬ս飬սǱս顣

ԼսĵصǵˮѾǵˣ涨ʱһʱ䣬ڹ涨ʱ䣬ұһֱ˲սֱʱ䵽ˮʧ
õϢ˻вǰǵǴʥˣʢУԼһУȻһԼһȽǿƣá
飬Ȼ͵Ϯǹ˼ң˸Ǳ˿𣬶ҵǺܶ˶֪ˣվһ
ɽۣ
ˮվǵߵλãԼսʱ仹аʱʱ䣬ǳƹ߽յһƬɫ
ɽ⣡
ˮ֮ѾǺܺгȻûܵһʼܸо֮Щˮ֪ϵϢˣʱˡ
ʲô忴ˮٿԶȺҲˡ
Է˭սˮû˵ʵҲ
Ҳܵû˵ʵΪ֮ǰһֱڿԼܸܵĿе㸴ӣееҵĿ⡣
ܶԷ˭սǶҪûģЦſˮ
Ҵȱģ˫赣޵УͬϽ𡣡ˮǵǰ˵Ա仯֮ǵһ˵
㲻ռұǲǲ嵹ҲûбֵֹĲƽ˵
Ըռ𣿡ˮЦʵ
ǰû˸˵Ҳ֪ΪʲôҸоҲѿЦſˮ˵һˮͷԵĻ
֪ôƺӣ֪Ϊʲôû˸˵Ļٸ¶⣬ΪǰǷӣ֮ž޴ĺ蹵ģ˶ҸŮ۵ģҸŮȥšˮЦ
еô룿Ҳô룿
ɣվǰҲоԲλ࡭
ˮٺٵЦ
㻹һٵռұˣҿǿķǡ
Ϊ֮ľⷲӻеᡣ
ˮڿ˺ܶ£˵Ҳûǰô࣬˵ô
һô˵һĻʵǲ˵ģк˵㿪ĵЦȣǷϻֻ˵˭˵Ը˵ˣкøеˣ˵ʲôǺõģһ¶˵
忴ˮЦˣԭ˵ıô󣬻ǵһ˿ңԺҪҡ
ˮ֪ǹģȥˮȻ֤û⣬һ֮ĹϵƺָֻһЩ
֪ʱѾٽͣԼʱԽԽʱӰվˮǰԶ
˶ģӣߵ˸ӺܸߣݣѺܸߣ촽ܱһӥ
ұߵ෴ԱߵӰһͷȴǱȶԷһֹˮͬһ˶ԴӣһЦһ
Ҷ֣
ǿȻǲҶ֣û뵽ôᡣ
ѵҶܴ𣿡
үү˵ǰҶ־ͺǿʱģʱѾˣû뵽ģ
ۣѵҶֺǿ𣿡
ֻ֪˵ҶرĹ֣ΪײУʵҲǿ󣬶ֶҲ廨ţͬʵǶս֪ôġ

Լûвеģһ㶼ʱ䵽˻һѾû˲սҪһͬⲻսΪֹ
ң룡
ϹЦշӵҲǸɴ˵
շ𣬵Ϥ֪ɱ˵
Ǵָ룡
ˮƽ˵ȻϹŴ΢Ц˫Цһ۾һɱ⣬βģиܵ˾̫ˡ
ǰɣλɱˣְɱ˵˭˭ֹ
һֱû˵ݸ߸ӵ˵
ʲôǻһȺΧˣºʲô˵£һΣһɱš
ˮ˵
忴ˮ˰Ǽ¶˹Լɱ޹ﻹежġ
ǾʲôҲ˵ˣʵ˵ɣ˵۸㣬ԼҪսǵġ
ݸ߸ҲǸԴǵˣ仰˵ˡ
ˮƽսꪣ˵Сĵ㣬Ҹоһ˿ֵϢѸٽս
ˮ˵ǴԷġ
ݸ߸óɫ̣Ŵ۵ĹΣһӵһ˫ɫȭףˮӻû뵽һߡ
ҶԸӣ
ˮ˵ֱӳȥеĻƽսһһӴȥ֮һɫĹâ


1554 ɱˣ
ˮٶȺܿ죬뿴ӵٶȣôֶҿһһ档ˮʱ򣬻ųɱݸ߸ӡ
Ӻ򶨣ŴԼĻƽսꪣӰ΢΢Ķ˶ΧһС͵һķ糡
ͻȻһȭˮۿȭͷһ磬Χһ˿ķ籩
ԣ
ƽսһӴԷȭͷֱӳһƣһɹƽսꪲӵӰͻȻӿһ͵ˮǰһȭ
ˮҲǾޱȣȻô죬ӵٶȺܿ죬һȭѾӡˮļ
ˮоһɴ岻ܿƵȥӵӰӰٴϮһȭϵƺˡ
ˮǸƣûˣΪԼ۸ӵˮһҲģѾ֪Էˡ
ȭʵȭȭҪһɲ̫ˣǱʵǿһЩҲûл֮
ˮǾ̫ͨһǽ̫۷ˣѧֹˮ˵۷һ׶εĴԲ磬Ľ׶Σֹģ
ӺֵӰޱƣݲȣƺԶˮеĻƽսһһӵ̫ͼ֡
ž
̫ͼѣӵӰҲ赲ĿˮܿԷʹսԼĺһԼĻҪ¡
ˮԶݸ߸Ҳս൱·磬ֱһ׷ȥ
֮
һֲͻȻı仯ֱһݸ߸ӵһֱֻۣҲ֮׷ֱӵĳɵٶȣжȻʧʧһֱֻѾˡ
ӿݸ߸ӵĲˮҪȥԮݸ߸ӣϣͬ㣬ǻҲѣǱһء
ˮôóѣ
׷
֮
ŹǬת
Ӽݸ߸ʱˮֱʹ˾ŹǬתһӺͶԷ˸λá
ˮͱ˺ǰ󹥻˵һֻ첲սѾ½һ벻ֹټˮֻǳ󣬻ûйͱϵˡ
һģ
ӿŵȥݸ߸˫۶ˣһˮɱ˹ȥ
һԼսˮȻˣǧ˿ƵĹϵ˿ˡ
һǿǿֻڣֻߣҪû˥䣬еʱҪ
ˮʹΪд֪ĺȻ㣬ʲôҪ
һҪĺһĺǿ߸˵Ǿ޴ģ¶ˣĺںܶǶˡ
ųӣˮԥĳ˹ȥʽŷַָ̫ȥ
ӻ籩֮ǰǿңҵһȭȭͷǰһһ߳ķ
ž
һ΢Ĵˮã󷨻һתԲֻҪҵķţƽ⣬Ȼ˵ȴǺѡ
ˮ̫ϵѾﵽһ˼ĳ̶ȣӲˮһֱӽɡ
ˮǣӵȫһȻֱӷӱˣȴûܵʲô˺
ͺñһһȭȥֻҪƣͺ˺Է
һᣬˮζԷȴǲûƵԷķˮģΪڵʱ
Ѿŭʧ۾󿪴ѾڷֻɱˮˮΣȴҲûʲô˺
ž
һιˮĻƽսֱӴӵֱӽ崩͸ƽսꪵĴ͸Чˡ
Ϊʲôʹ͸ˣ֮ǰôζûκЧͻȻͱˣҲһ룬ܿͱڰɡ
սˣչ涨ˮӵϢʱ䣬˲û뿪Ȼվ˵˿Լȥ
һȥһߣһǿȴǺаȵˣͦΣòݣ۽ǺǵЦ˸оŵ
˶Ů˺ȴٸ޵ĶֻСŮŮԷᣬΪе
˵ӺͨҪ˵һ㲻ͨǾ˵ü̫ˣеˣһ˫۾ˮһʼƽڵ絶һ㡣
λֽ̣˻˵
룡
ˮϲˣ֪ʲôԭ˸ˮĸоЦص֮ǰƺᣬرǸһˣˮڶȥˡ


1555 ӽꡢһ
սʼʱóһѶ̽Ǹһаóһѳ֧񣬾ǳ̲ͬһ㣬ѶǶϽ
ӽ循˵Ļˮһ㶣治УȻֵӽŹ֣
ʲôǸӽˮûʲôͬϸ˵ϸɫең˵ĳе
˵ѽһԸģѪΪۣʱ˽˾Ѫ飬Ϊ˶׳ȴͻȻϿĻĶ¯УѽһΪӽ򵥵˵һ¸ӽ
ӽǿ𣿡ˮʵ
Ǵ˵вˣ˫ͬʱ֣˵ҪСġ嶣ˮ˵
˵״̬Ǵ۷壬˵Ҳͼ仰ʱ䣬ǱߵѾˮһһ£мһ׶࣬ǰҲһ׶ࡣ

ˮһ죬һŻɵһŴȥ˵ĹΣΧնɢΣϢ
ͻȻһ˫ӵһö𣬽ŴӰŻȥ
Ӱһ͵ˣһǽ׳꣬Ӱһֱװϻ
أ
죬ʧˣӰˮ˳ȥһƺǾԽĹ
ֹס׾ٵƵ赲ϰǾҲۿۣ˵Ŀ֮
ɽ
ˮҲа취ɽȻʵһʵǱԵֵκι
ɽٶĹȻĹǾʵԼʹٶĹʵս֮ӡ״̬ҲǿҲѷɫ١
ɽס˹ľɽöԷǴһ˺ӽʱѾܾˣƾֹĹٱǿ߶ɥǵϡ
һΪһоͿöԷˣǶԼĹǺŵģû뵽ԷбɵǵĹ
֮ӡ
ˮ˫ֽӡһֻ׷˳ǰҲǺܴ󣬵ɢѵϢ˲
ȥ
״ķðܻ˳ȥ
Ӱ˫һŹȦס
սѸٵĽӴнӣϵķ֮ˮҲսʱӾ÷ʽʶ㣬ʲôսӴҲʵ
սҲһֲƸҪպһȣȻˣڵĵطûС
ˮף˵ķֲޱȣţֱӳƽսꪣһˮЦˣƽս꪿ԵֵԷĹ
ƽսҲڱһУһǿƻĴڡ
һʱײ
ӽ治һһֲʮξȻһδ͸ЧҲûг֣ƽսꪵĴ͸ЧҲǿԷĲʵġ
˵ػ൱ܣܲ͸磬˸ػ˸𹥻˵ĳ綾һһϬԣһ־صĹˮ뵽ǰǺ۾ߡ
Էʹ˸ӽϵػһֱһһı֮Уˮ崦ڷλӡ
岻ʹԼͨɱˮÿʱͺƣԼͨɱʵ̫ˣȻǿ󣬵ֻڹһ
һӳͨɱʱʵͬʵٶͨɱڵñ˺ܶ࣬Ȼʱ򵽵ͨɱûʲôôˮԿ϶ͬʵˣӵͨɱٵһ
ʵˮ֪ͨɱҲǵһʵһͺãӵıɱʵ󲿷ֶ޷ıսģֻļǿһӵͨɱԽٵˣԻᾫһЩҲõĶ࣬յĺãȻõ֣ڱҲǿһЩ
ûй˼ɵ˲ϵˮ巢ҵĹ
˫
ѽӰںһǻɫӰʵһϴһֻɫһⲻǻҲһ깥
ꡢ
ɫӰˮȥˮɫһ䣬ܸܵ洫ΣϢæƾɽǰ档
ԣ
ɽ⹥֮··еһҶСֱӷɳˮʶٿصľ룬Ӱûܵ˿Ӱˮȥ
ܻ쵽ʵҳսһֵıɱԿ£ˮҧŻƽսꪾҪȥ
ʱȴѩ׵ϸ˹ȥ
塢ն꣡
һҫ۵İ׹ѩ׵ĳбֱӴ͸ӰӰǱһ׵˲ɱȥʧˡ
ˮ壬Ůϵʥǿֲ̫ˣ־ǵķʽǰֱһ
Էʱ϶һĻҵĸоشԷʽȻɻ⣬ʹüꡢԿսʤɱԷڿѾûбҪˡ
ˮҲһϲԼС壬ŮʵԼģǿޱȣһԦߣһǿټڵõսĴУŮװŮս
ˮоʽӦúŮװйϵ⹥̫ʥˣҪ֪ʵԺ󣬹ǾļϣǳԽϵĹ
Ȼ˵幥ͲˣֻҪʵ㹻ʲôǿģʤǿĴ˵Ρ졢͵ϮʲôĶǺЧġ
ˮĹ㣬Ĺǿˮ԰壬Դϴˮƿزȫ֮ʱҵԼλӡ
λӾǸߵˣǶǿԷʵöԷȻ޺ԼһЩսɧţսѸٵĽ
˵ĹûЧһʥ֮ĹǵУ˲ģȻ޷壬һҪˮ
ǰ֪֮첻һתŹλһʱӰͻȻʧˡ
˫ġܣ
ꡢն
һɫӰ֮ǰӰֵӰ
ꡢţ
أ
ˮӰɳȥѪģһѾƵϣܿһ֡
ˮ֮Ѿܲס˫ǿıɱһ׵ȴǵֵˣˮһͷ֮ǰӰӾȻ϶Ϊһ
˫ɱ
ˮ۾һзһ˲䣬ѾˮɾѾǲˣ뵽ʥ
Է֮ĹˮֻӲ뵽Լʥ֮֡
ֻӲֻҪϱз
ʥ֣֮
һ
ˮ˫ֱ͸ɫѩ׵ľӨ͸ԶѾεѣܲˮ첻Ǻ϶Ϊһ˫ɱ
أ
һȭѩ׵ĹһѸٱըһ˲·С̫һ


1556 оգɱ
ۣ
һ·޴©һˮĹν˫϶ΪһӰ棬ܿʧˡ
ˮɿһߵʱ뵽Լʥ֣֮оӦñʥѷɫʲôͷҽӦԼסһɣ
סˣӦǿһȻûжԼκ˺֮ǰĹ˵ˡ
ˮƲᣬ֪Լ˲ʲôڵڶγֽػʱ򣬻и޴ĹЧԽ֮ǰƻָ룬ˮڵһҲء
ܱû뵽ǿĿܱ˱ƵôǱĵز
ʵ֪ҵʵǿļˣڸӽе˺ܶ࣬ԷĹҲǹޱȣҲˮ㹻ǿ󣬻ɱ֮ǰǸͨɱ㲻ȥ
ʱϵˣˮ˿ŭֱӻӽɱȥ
ˮʲôʧֱƽսꪣóһö룡
ݹӣѸ
ˮٶȴսȥˣȻ˶ԸԷİ취ǾѸٽսĺãǿԭе
嶯ʱҲˣһĲӰŹ
ˮӰ׽ˮһȫٶʩչ۷壬еڶԷĿŵ²Ѩ
ǰѸˮԴȥϧ˲֪ƴȭܱȵˮ˺٣ˮһֻԴ
֣
ž˵Ӱɳȥˮ˳ֽеĶ̽˵Ӱȥ
ӽ˫ϣ˻Ҫͨ־ͬϣøӽӳĸӣΪ涼ʺϵĻ˵ӿ¡
ˮ֪˺Ǹаȵ˾ĸӣҲΪʲôԽˮˣȻûнӽӵ۷壬ҲǷչһ൱ֲĸ߶ȡ
ף
аȵͻȻһ˫κ˿ױɱᷢģҲһˮ֪ԷȻǸӣֲÿԽӽʩչ̶ȡ
ˮţ˱ܿˮϣˮһսʱǱʶԼɱˣϲ˫մ̫ʲôԭ򣬾֡
ˮŸӽھݴ½ʲô鶼пܷˮĴڱһˣʲôԺ׵Ľܡ
ˮһḸӽⶫˮеаֱսɾкʵͳȥȻһֱɾˡ
ˣҲ̫ˣ廨ʲôп֣ܳˮоԼҲ㲻ˣҲֻһ˵ģÿ˻СиԵĻ
ɽϺܰɽȴըһ㣡
ҶˣҸҲˣЩ˿ɶ۰һ
ǰȴ³
㿴Ҳˣ֪սǲǻ
ҺҶˣ˼ҲҲ˵ȥ˼Ӧóֵġ
ǲе֮Σأ㲻㳵ս
Ϊ˵ĵġ
֮Σܰ˳ҲøеģǲսҲóսﻢˡ

һεǺܿ죬ˮڸմȥһȥֱߡ
ΣһαһεˮȥﵽãΪԷֻһЩһ棬ذٷһ棬ڿȫˣҲ֣һֻжķݣһķݡ
ǹ˼ҵˣ뷢԰׵ˣˮӶԷпһ˿Сġһ˿һ˿
˶ĸߴ֮ˣʨڣŨüۣüëǰˣһݲԾ֮
˼ǰֽ̣
Ǹɫӵ˵
룡
ԸЩˮûʲô˫ѾƲŬһƽ㣬ûʲôʧնɱС뷨壬öԷηöԷһ˿⡣
һȸֱгԼѱޣûֻʨ޴Ľɫʨӣ²һ༫׳۵ޣ޵˿ѷɫ
ˮԷгЦˣΪʨкн⥵Ѫ˵ѪҺˮ޺͵޻˳

޳һ޴ĺУˮԷǾ޴Ľʨһ֤ʵԼ֮ǰĲ²⡣
޿࣬ںսʱƶԷöԷʵۿۣʵĻҲɱ˶Էʵ²ʲôĻһġ


1557 ʤ塢ȥ
ԷԵһȻ֪޵Ŀ£ֻĽʨٿС壬е㲻⣬ͽʨˡ
Ȼޣе㲻ţϾôСײܶСɽͷһĽʨʲô
ˮһһĻޣһӣһһɫӰӣܼžڶ
𡭡
Ҳܵ˵Ĺ裬ֻ޴Ľʨ޴ĺһŵˮȥһĽɫҺΡ
н𾫵Σ
ǽԵľֶ壬һմϾͻḯʴһڲ͸ſֲĸ£һƬн𾫵ηŽΡ
ɽ
ˮ־ɽĺˬ޴ľɽˮȫסˮн𾫵𻵾ɽΪ𻵵ɽĶ治ࡣ
ۡ
һܼϵˮоԼûбҪȥֵܲܵסн𾫵εĹ
žž
ˮŻֱӳֻʨϣʨǽԵޣˮĻÿƶԷˮڵĹܲٱʨҪǿӽʨĵɳȥҺš
Ѫ٣
ˮڻӳ޵˲伸ͬʱʹѪ٣⼸ֻʨȻûзˮС
ˮĵĸͨˮʩչսٶȼӿ죬ָʱ̣޴Ѫֱӽֻʨס
֮ǰˮھɽͻȻֻ֣ʨһֲʨǿڷϲǿٶȲ
ϧˮÿˮٶȿ죬ߣֶθǲ˷ʤ
Դֱ˹ȥѪУܿ洫ҵĺ
һзһ˲䣬Ҳһʱ䣬޲ߣĿֻޱŰɱ
˲֪޵ĿֲͷСҪ
ֻǸʼҲǵ֮ˣǹ˼Ҳѷɫɱڡ
Ȼʨ˵սǵʻǺӲģڱϺܿƽĿˮ塣
Ѿ̫ͬˣǴ˵еڡŵӵҲˡ
ܳǣͲҪΪУڹ˼ҲźܴĻȨϧʱ˾ϣȵʱѾղˡ
ʹõǸͷ
޴ĸͷսǱѡϬ֮ǰļ˹죬˾ʵʵʵսˮҲ
ٴóƽսֱӭ˹ȥ
ȻǱģˮԼĶ̴ȥͶԷĳȣһҲ̤ʵˡ
ʽָ
˵ǻɫĸͷҲһıڵβеͬˮĻƽսײôײûгִ͸˵˵ĸͷܺá
ž
ˮһֱ͸Чȴǳˣϧ⴩͸Чеô룬ֻһӤȭͷСĿӡ
˿Լĸͷ˫ĿԲţ⸫ͷǿñҪڱһӣȻҪܵӰ졣
ɽһ
Ȼŭˣ޴ĸͷһž޴ӰǸͷŴӰϰ׸ߡ
ӰԽԽʵʣȻɽбһˮȥ
ˮеĻƽսȻſдȥ
ʽɽ
һɫӰͻȻŷǾ޴ĸͷӰ˿ѷɫһ޴Ľһ޼᲻ݵϢ·ҪƲһ
䣡
ͷľ޴ӰûˣƽսꪵĽɫӰҲûˣˮˣųȵս⣬˵ȴһ˿Ƿϡ
ﵽȴǺһ󱲲£󱲣һִܸпƲסı鲼ȫо䣬Լһָͷѹ
һöҲһָ֣ˮھָоеĻƽսԽսԽͣӣʽͷָĽϣʱĴĹˮԼ̾
ȴԽԽ;Ȼ˵ͷѾ鲼˿ӿݲҲ̶ãƽսꪾĻߡ
ȫѹһˣˮ壬ڿŮʵûչֳ
ۣ
ˮĻƽս׾ٵĴ͸˵Ŀڣһ㶣ΪûжҲûзǹġ
ԴӦһ𣿡
Ѫ
˵ɣҿԴӦ
ˮܲˬϲָоĴҲˣ֪ܴӮԷѡַʽԼǷһܲˬ
ҪԹ˼ҸϾɱ
˼ѵ˵
ֻҪ˼ҲҺ˵鷳Ҳɱˡ
ˮ˵
лл
һˣʣµһҲеĻ䣬ûɱһҡҡͷ߰ɣ
ˮû뵽ˣɻĿ
ҪңҲϲɱˣѾûжúûˡ
ҡͷ̾Ϣ˵
ҪҪټ򣿡
ˮʵ
ӦûбҪˣҲҪȥ
忴档
ݵĳĬ֮ٴλָ֮ǰսʱ򰲾ޱȣʱ䳤˾ͻ;ۣһ㶼Ǵ˻ҡ
˼ҵս涼ˣ⻹ʲôɱȵģĻԻ޷赲ˡ
ҲܣˣǸ֪ģΪӦвļӻ뿪ҪʧһǿŮ
ˣǺ뿪ɴڣ˭ȥùͷ
ǰ˵ûҲô۸ġ

ûȥսˮҲ׷ʹˣȻܸϾɱǾͿһɡ
˴ӵʱ䣬ˮ뿪ˣĿĴﵽˣֻҪǴ֪ô
ؼһǣ
ˮʵ
ȻؼҰɣȥϢһ£ʱҵӺҡ
˵
ˮ֪ӱ飬¸Ĵʵ̫ˣʵˮ﷢£Ǹ崿ƯŮûˡ
ʱĨƽһУʱԸıһУˮԼҪʱ뿪һҲҲԷˡ
صʱѾһ˿΢ı仯һָоĸۡƺԽ
ڻҵĻ
ֶһִųƺǵĴڣһĵԼлһֺȻӴϢ
ˮ֪Ӧúͺܶ˹עйϵ֮ǰӦø˾ηһǰһӰ֮
ʵǵʱȥ˲٣ǰˣˮһţɽȥ˶׼ˣһԸԲ
ˮȻӦ֮ǰҪȥϴ軻·ˮ磬ϯ֮ǰ׼һͺˣǻſʼֵġ
˵ŮϴŮϴıˮ˲ӵʱ䣬


1558 
һϮѩ׵ĳȹ㷢󣬾ǵϹŵ΢ЦˮоǸϤˡ
ţһҶĲ̻𣬵ȴǸ˸о߲ʣ⻹ˮһοôĴ磬Ӽҵζһ˿СŮ˵Ϣ
ÿ𣿡
ˮĿתĿԼûио֣֪Ѿڱ仯ľѾˮƻһЩԶһЩ仯ǽ߳ࡢīߺڣڲ֪лᱻǱĬ
ȻʣԼ֪Ҫʲô𰸣˵Ĵ𰸲Ҫһִкһ
ǰ붼벻ģȴǿɵҲֻǰչ¶Լһ档
ܽΣ֪֮ѾעҪ塣
ÿ
ˮٺٵЦ
֪˵ʲôûҲﻹһ㿪ģ֪Լ㲻
뵽е㷢㶣ǰоֺԶûڸоǰôᣬǰδеĸо˵϶ôϲеڴ
ˮ֪һ֪ŮҲеˡ
С쵰ٺ˵˵СҴ㡣߹ˮһ¡
һµζˮıӣζˮ˵ѾǺϤˣֻζ
ʹϴ˿ԣ̰ɫ΢΢һ죺ˣǹȥɡ
ˮЦЦͷһ߳䡣
һϯջӱҶŬǣᣬ治ʲôֱϵϵֻҪǼĿӵܶʲôͱĴ岻ͬ٣Ũ˺ܶࡣ
ܸɱѾӱǱӦҲĿˡ
һϯ칦ѾǸһ䣬ܵ˵ǰʢ˭ҲҪˡ
ˮ֮ƺָǰ˲û˵ʲôϣȫ
ˮܸܵؼ˵Ŀ⣬ůȻкܶΪԭ򣬵кܴԭ
˵ˮΣ֮ĽȻУɵҲᷢʲôϵ
˶ԷϸмӶ߽ΪΪ֮ﻥһ˾ǿҲǹ¶ġ
ˮʲô㣿
үʵ
ڻ϶˲ˣһһᡣ
ʱ䣬ҪȥҸˣԺĴ㻹ûС
ˮЦЦڶԺĹ滮Ҳеãˡ
ҪҪæ
Ѿˣ鷳ˡˮЦҡҡͷ

ʲôʱ뿪
ˮ뿪֮߱˵
죡ˮ˵仰ʱе㲻ᡣ
·Сģ˳ҵҪҵˡЦ˵ƽ
㲻֪˭𣿡ˮЦʵ
߱ҡҡͷ˵Ҳʣ㲻˵ʳǿ𡣡
ôңˮŵס衣
㣬ҲŲ㡣屻ס֣еΡ
Ҫȥҵӡˮ˵ʱһȻ檺ǸŮҲϣԼֻϲԼһˡ
ֻ̲סһƽˮǸܵĵһ㲨Ĳôƽ
ˮԼԤ룬ǰ֪֪Լ˵˳и׼
Ϊˮ뷨֣Ҳ֪ѽԼŷһ仰ֻˣȻɣ
Ŷףҵӡ
΢ЦſˮѾȫƽ
ллǸǰ˵ģʲôʱ޸ҡ
ˮֽġ
ҡҡͷˮҿû˵һҪ޸Ķļһ
ˣԼ̫ˣûʱ㡣
ˮ̾ϧ˵
û˵΢Цſ
᲻㣬һκˣҪҪ¼޸ңҿɲԸ⿴ίˡ
ˮٵ˵
̰ᣬҲǲܼ㣬ֻҪҸо벻㣬Ҿͼ޸㡣
Цſˮ
ˮˣƺ˵ʲôû˵ڡ
ǲ˵ʲô
ˮҲŤʱ
벻ҵı¡
ˮ˵
ʲô˵ģţ˵ɣţĶˣ˵úܿͼ޸ˡ
˵Цţںɣһ̸飬ǰҲģȻǿЦһǰЦô˵Ц
Ҫ˵
ˮˡ
Խˣͷ˵ɣ
ҴϹܺãҪǸܵˣһԸ뿪ҡ˵ġ
ˮί˵
쵰ȥɣ
֮ǰˮԻˣں޲ðˮһ١
Σ䲻ɬСŮŮʼ쵥Ҳ֪һ㣬ûϺʵˣŮ˺˲֮ͬ˿ƯŮ˾г嶯
ǸŮӲֻǺܶŮѹȥˣߣֱˮյĽģ֮ǰˮһ£˶档
˫ˮֹֻǰֻǲ֪ⰮӦúƯŮͼϵŮйϵʱĽӴԵȶ˺ܴãƯøûһ˵ʲô񷨲ȵȣҲûʲôˣ紿Ļƿˡ
ƺܵʲô΢΢̧ͷˮǰҪȥʱˮһͷסӣ
ϸĴ㣬ˮܵĽҵһƺ
ھȵʱ᲻Ծſͣʵǿ󣬵ʵѾûйϵϾˮĵˣȻҲ㿿֡
ˮ˫Ѿס̰˱ţǲ񣬵ȴǺĲƣ㿪˵ʱƺѾҪʲôˡ
ˮǰֲ֪ʲôʱѾ§סˮĲӣ۾ˮ𾪵ǿʼĻӦǼȴɬޱȡ
һŮ˵ǼɬӦ˵ĸˮڸоǰδеҸ֪ˮǻԲ֮ͦϵԾˣرǺ֮֫Ļ˵ˡ
ٴһˮо촽һۣһ˿̵ĸо֣ͷѾˡ
ˮԼ촽ҧƣڿ촽һ˿ɫնһ˿Ȼ󣬼ǺϼĽգˮ޲ٴοȥ
𣿡
ֲԼ촽ϵѪ
ˮ΢Цſ壺ۣһΡ
쵰
ƿˮ
ҲѪϲ㣬ȻҲֻϲò
ܸܵϾԲıԼΣԼеλúء


1559 뿪Ƽ
ϲˮֺ㣬һٴ循һ
𶯣ҾǱ㣬Ҳġˮæ˵
ûַֻļϣ΢΢ͷˮ߱ˮһ㡣
кüˡ
ˮ˵оԼеúõ˵Ѿ˵˳
岢ûʲôĲƽĿˮ㵹Ǻ̹ϡ
Ҿ֪㣬
ϴˮݵ뿪һܵˣǷŲԼˣЦ˵Һܺ棬İŮˣѵֵܷôȣ
ˮҡҡͷΪʲôһҪ֣Ҹÿһ˶ʮ֣ﵽˣһҶ᲻һҪһԸԼ
̰İ
̾
ǰǲԼһŮһһˣȻǰ˵ĻûҪίˮѾһЩͷ֪Ůˣǲܹϵĳȥ
Һ̰ģ֪Լ̰ģҲԼһͨˣһǺƯȴԼϲҲϲԼŮһӡˮ뵽ǰϧЩǲˡ
ΪʲôҪһǺƯģ
һͨŮ̫Ưסģ֣֮ƯŮĶҰûһǲҪǣȻ³ԺܲҡˮЦſ
ƯŮƯ𣿡˵
ƯƯ
㲻鷳𣿡
Цʵ
ˮҲЦˣƯŮ治ʡ£ߵŮ˺üЩ飬ÿ˶飬ˮ֮Ҳ˸顣
°鷳Ͳʲôˡ
ˮ˵
忴ˮåĶεҡҡͷȻЦʱòãڻû׼
׼ʲôҳ㣿ˮʵ
ִǲǣҼ޲ˣҲұˣǲˡ˵
ǰЩ˶Ի־壬һ㶼ˣǸĸҵĺӣˮ֪ǲǣƺô
ҴԼϲˣֻҪû׼ãҲġ
ˮı̬Ϊеô
ϵĲ˵ˣ߰ɣǻȥɣ㻹Ҫ·׼°ɣ
ûʲô׼ģǲ᲻ߡ
ˮ˵Ǳеš
һȭͷҧ˵ţ᲻ãǲΪҲȥŮˡ
ˮͷҲҵŮˣ

ڶˮǱˣˮ뿪
ҾͲˣҪСġ
ӵƮ
ˮˣպվڿУû˵ʲôǰ绪ķһ𺳵ϴﵽһ۷塣
ıסˮĲӣ𣡡
ˮֽ§סڻĸоˮѪţµĽˮоޱȵ
ˣҪҾ͸ˡˮôߵ˵
΢΢ͷһǳ׵˵ˣȻûдӦʵʹӦûʲôˡ
뵽̧ͷѸٵˮһ¡
ˮһ˿һоСָоرĶҲһ¡
Ÿо㣬ֱӶסӣ
һ˺ܾãֻҲûţصôߣһʼֻǻԲĸ󣬲ᡣ
һֱһֻסǰͦʱְסֲʱˮѾסһƿزסԲ򣬶һûи·ֻ͵ˮͷ˱仯
ҲǸоˣе㼱٣𶯣
ˮڶȴǻţˮ̽ͷס绨Ĵꡣ
סӦҵģҪ̫֣ȻһҲ㡣
ˮ촽Ϣ˵ĺˮϡ
һҪһЩʱ䣬׹ɡ
ˮں֪֮ܲ
û˵סˮĻӦš

ˮ뿪ˣгӰӣشӣˮǵЩ΢ףԸУҪλãˮ˫ֶ˵ˡ
ˮҲǳ˶һⱲֻŮˣˮܵϲģȻǨ
شСǸ಻ɳӵˣ֮ĿǰûϴӦˮΪʱ޷ȫſҲ֪Ѿ·ˡ
ʥ
ˮһʥΪ˵ǸصŮˣֻھԼһ»һЩʱ䡣
ˮݳǸģ£ǲԼ鷳һʢ¥Ⱦƿ档
֪ǸŮ˻᲻ԼҪȵȣϵһҶ裬еûиȻͻʧȥ١
ʱǵ壬ȫھǸŮû£ܻص
ˮûиܵʲôͬʥɻҳ¼ҺƼͻȻǿʢԭĲҺҡ
һˮˣһ֧ҪʵڱĻģǳֲļܾأ󲿷ֶҪһȦ֧š
ܶ࣬еϲͷ¶еĲϲλ࣬վǸλϺҫҲ¶棬ԾļѣΪ鷳᲻ϣһСľͱ޻ߵΪ¡
ˮһ˶ƱҪȵʱһӿˮʱ΢ЦŶžƱ߹
鲻˵ƺᵫǺܳ졣
ɣʶңˮк
ҿӰϤ֪˵ûУӶƱ˵
ˮһЦˣֻıӺͷʲôĶ²ߣıĹ״߰ҪһģڸľǸıϢ
ˮû뵽¶ţԼѸıˣԼѾڱ˵Ƥˡ
ˮ±˷֣ЦЦԣ֪ʲô£
ҽѡ
΢Ц˵
ˮµӦƼҵˣʥλƼңǰˣʵȴˮо޵ĵز
Ϊʲô뵽Ҫʶңˣܿͻ뿪ѵҲ뿪𣿡
ˮЦʵ
˵ģ㣬˸оľǡ
ҲһҪ߲ѣһѣҾֱֱ˵ɣǶкô
Ŷ˵
ˮеľƱ
뿪ѵûһĵ𣿡
ˮҪ˵ʲô˽˵ûб˼ѣƼһǳΪѣܺõѣһѾͶһ
ˮЦˣǲ֪Ҫʲôأ
ϣܹȥƼҽӴΣ֪ƼҺĹϵܺá


1560 ȦӣټϢŮ
ĻˮҲˣñ֪ԼƼҵĽ飬ԼƼһһһˮоԣƼҵʵӦòȻˮ֪ʱү˵ƼңƼҵʵƳ硣
ˮĿԼвûеԼӦҲûӵ˼ϵٳɺġ
Ȼ˫һ٣˼֮԰Ϊֶ̫ӡ
սߵսֻҪվסžͿԡ
м彻ֻǸ˹ϵǰкܶ˶أⲻʲôھݴ½ܶ࣬ܶں֮ܶûʲô
ãҴӦϣǱ˴֮ø顣ˮ˵
ȻģƼʲôӦ֪Ϊ߲嵶ûжǲˢʲôĻ㽫ĳɾͲƼһϧᡣ
ĵ˵
˵ˣˮҲָпƼҰԼͦصģԼһӰˣҪԼᣬʱĳɾͲ
ˮûж˵ǽԼòָЦ˵ҽˮϣദΪܺõѡ
һģ
Ҳǿĵ˵
ֵܣΪø֪Ҫġ
˵
ֻ֪ˣû֡
û⣬һԺԶǺѡ
ĵ˵
ˮȥһƼңˮǰƼҲ飬ǿֱ˵Ҫ˵Ǳ
ƼμͳкˮһӸչģˣϵĲɣϢβסˮҲ֪ϾŴ˵Ļ
ȻͳʵҲǲСˮȷеĸܵԷʵ˵ԷʵԼǿˮԼܴ
ˮǿ֮ʵﵽ٣ۺǿǿسϣǿ󼸱ĵ˶ܱɱ
ͳһĻˣƼҳ˵ƼҶˮǰ൱ӣˮһǱ˾һߣһɣֻҪûֱӷʲôһν໥ûﻥ־ͬϲߵһ
ɵôҲ߲һ飬Ͷࡣ
Ѿѻ˵ˣһֻǼ򵥵˵˵˫̸ͶˮһоƼˣƼһĿڱ
ˮԼֱˮ˵һЩ򵥵Լ飬Լľ꣬Ҳ˵һЩ򵥵飬ȻԷҲʣˮͳô˻˵ˡ
ˮ֪ǿԼĻע壬ȴ˭ˢʲôĻߵܵ˺뾡һа취öԷʮٱĴۡ
ˮȻ˵ֻ˵µʱԵǸɣͳʲôˣȻȴûа취ˮҲǺǫã˵Ļһү˵ģС
ˮĴ·ʽҺҲģҲ£ҲСǼÿ˶ԼۣҺһѣ˵ʵԽǿԽЩԽᣬΪȻ˵Ҫ׿һУ壬ԸҪ־硣
ˮҲƼǿ㣬ǳ飬˵ƺеʵˣ˵άֵĹϵܳãʵûάֵĹϵܳãиƽ⣬͹ϵƽ⣬ҿԱ֤á
һ˿ˮ΢Ц˵
˼ҵĻ⣬Һͬ˵ǻﻥǱ˴֮ãõ϶Էһ˵˵̲̣˭ҲԸʱ˷ûõϣ֮ĸҲ½ģʱĹϵһʼΪܵ治ôؾһֽ
ˮǰпᡣ

һʱˮʥʳǺƼԼĹϵ˳һȥ
ڴһֱĸоûʲô˽ãҪһֱǻˣڻҵġ
ǹ˼ҵѾʶҺ֮һ΢ĹϵҲʧЩԻ˵Ӱʲô
ϴˮʱүѾᵽ⣬ȻҲ㣬ͼ۸ˣҲҪڱ۸ԼʱзҪԱ
Ϣٴ˳ʱĻҲ֪ĹϵҪˣƼҲһ壬һȦӣǼһȦӡ
Ҳ˵ƼǶôĿˮˣȦӲǺܴƼҪĸˣȦӵ˶壬Ƽ¶棬ˮ棬ЩˮҲ˼壬ܵ˵ˮǺ⡣
ˮҲûģ͸ƼһЩҩǹάƼңʾʵһַʽԼʵԣҩҲǵһﵱǧ

֪ľ͵һԼڵʱ䣬ˮһھ¥ǸŮˣʱĴϣǵϤİӰ
ͣûпʱ仹磬ˮǺĵģȻԼһº󣬵Ӧöɣ
ˮϣܿ߶سŵҪˮǸŮϲԼԽݳ˵ӡ
ܿˣˮѾһˣʢ¥һһʱȻԡ
ͻȻˮͷǵϤӰ¥ݿڣ
ŮϻϢһ˿Ϣˮ֪ʲôо̼еֻŵĸо
δ֪ʳﶼһ˿ֻŵرǹ֮࣬ǰˮۣѾѰ롣
Ȼ֪ûй֣ˣǺµģû뵽ھɡе㷢
Ů˴ŶңպͲӣ¶˫絶޳ӷ£Ƶħɣ鲻˿ӷףǸóĵطʹǸʵǰ·ŵĸ߸ߵģܴ󵫲ֿŵģǸطԽԽãҪ״ʶȵĴźãˮŮڸպãӿȴҲзӵ¡
·ס֫Ҳûȫס֮˼ȻĻ棬ѩһ
ˮһ㶣ΪܵŮ˵ϢңƺѾһΣյĹؿڣǿסһȲסϢҴܣΣˡ
ˮվŮʱѾˮЦãպһˡ
ôˣ
ˮʾ˵
ţҵˣûˣҿԴȥˣΪʲôĿʾأ
Ů˵ö
ˣĿϲˣô֪ҲԭĿ
ˮЦ˵дˣĺһҶѵĻ
Ҽ㣬𣿡
Ůһ˿Ц⡣
ӦûмңҵĻ񡣡
˵ˡ
Ů˸˵һЩˤˮʶסֱָۣܵҵϢ


1561 һҶǺ
ˣ
ˮ֪ʣסо΢ȴһĹ⻬˵֪ҪˣΪһҶҲҪ
ţҿֲܴȥˡŮ˵仰˵ϧ֪ϧԼΪˮϧ
ˮ֣һŮʱ뷨Ů˵Ϣҵúܹ죬ȻŮҲ˵Ļ
ģǸҽʦҿϵˣҲߡ
ˮ΢Ц˵˵һɺȻֱӽ塣
ˮ仰ﲡģŮ˴ŶңˮҲûⷽ룬ŮʱҲ˱ģϾʱʲô鶼С¡
ллĺ⣬ҵ飬ûϣˡ
Ů̾϶˵
ô֪
ˮֱԼȥǸλþԼķ䲻Զǰ뱧Ů߽䡣
ŮûˮѾŮϢҵԭǱ˴ԵϢ
ˮ֪ԵϢ˴ĻޣЩҪҪǽЩϢƳȥ
ˮúȻƽԷȴǸˮĺȻӴϵоǧ·һֻҪϢкܶ·ġ
ѲסˮǰƵҽΣŮ˵Щ⣬ӦҪһЩ
ˮúȻ񡢵ҪλãֹϮһϮǾ鷳ˡ
Ů˵ԽԽ䣬ˮ˫ָо·ڱһ
Ů˵ʶƺѾеģͻȻ˫ֽıסˮʶ˵䣬Һܡ
ˮǿҲǸо䣬ȻڵĽ磬ȴ˲̫аһ˴챧һˡ
ˮĺȻϹѸתǹӺһˮͿʼзӦˡ
ˮ뵽Ů˿ܺһҶѣһ໹Ǻ嶼֪뵽ˮĻ½˴룬˵Ҳϲ֮Σ
Ů˱ˮʹ꣬ˮܵһƺˣŶˮҲܿĿ⡣
Ҫ£һͺˡ
ˮο
ŮͻȻһƵݸˮţƻָʾԵԼӣػú
ˮûнӣŮ˰ƵݵˮУҺͽͬãõĸ׵ĴУǱ׽ûҪףˣҺǱĵ
ˮһˣһҶҲǱĵˮںʶ٣ֻ֪纣½صһҲСй֮
ĺһٽļǲγҰֵģϧ˶ԷʵǿоͷˮޣֻҪСĵӦסʵղסɢ
Ů˵е
˵㲻µġ
ˮվûˣԼģƺܿơ
ˮһѽᱧŮһҲǺһ
ˮԼĴϣó룬һ뵽Ǿ¥ʲô˴ź鷳ˮɴ౧ֱӴӴȥʩչһֱһɽȲͣ
Ҫʲô
Ů˵е㾪֡
ˮĻЦˣҾޣҲôؿζ
ŮˮĻƺˮĻãʵʲôؿζ
ǵҶʲôǵʧҶʲôˮΧֲ˵
һŮ֪ˮ˵ʲô˼̲ס˵Ҳʲôöôϲ㡣
ˣСһסۣޱŶ
ˮ󷨣Ϊ˱޺͵޺гǴɾó齣Ů˷ȥ
Ҫ·ȥܰҽΡ
ˮҪʲô
ŮԥŲ˵
ҽʦҽʦûŮ֮֡
ˮ˵
Ȼ֣㻹ʲô
ˮҪȥ·Ůʱȴǻæ˵ȵȡ
ôˣ
ˮֵʵ
Ҳ뿴ģģҲ㻹ǳȥɡ
Ů˵
ˮȻӦȥòҲϳˣвʧգüĵɰ죬һ˵Ȼ󣬶СŮ˻ǳŮ˶ǿ
ֻˮе㲻̫ϲϲԼϣԼָߴǰи߸˧ˮĸҲͦߵģֻȳƣּУˮС
ˮȥĶңʩĲλͷŮ˵òǻסˡ
ӳˮһŻգˮûмоŮ˾ϸѩףüɨһ˫۾ǡ
ǾԵĹǣˮ֪ΪʲôŶңһ˫ȴŵ˫ۣˮֹ꣬ˮоŮ˵ĹֱصĲ࣬һεġ
ıӺͦкǿһּԸĸо촽۾һԸУһ˿ȻĻȣԵôģĻǡ
ˮͻȻ뵽һ˿ϢڸоеǴ˵һ壬ΪѴﵽ̶ȡ
һƯꡣ
ˮЦſ֮ǰҸоһаգҶоԼİռ˲١
һŮ֪ˮʲô˼ҲǾȣ˾ȻڿԼôĻع
ˮĽҿ½ŮıڵܸӣҽΣԼҪοԼҲ赲
ʵҲûˮκϣԣľ뿪磬Ҫһȥ·ĺңٵĸҪ
ѡܴܲӦҲҵ·Ůˮ½ʱ˵
˵ˣҽʦûԱ֣֮Ҿ塣
ˮ˵һ½
·ͷˮˮŮһ˿ңĽǰѩûΪŶ˿ΣΡΡͦĶǿ˿Ѫڣûһ˿覴õѩҹ˹һŮҲǹ⻬¡״ˮ㱩ߡ
۾ȻƽĵĲ濪۾뿴Ҫҵλãͨ׼ҵϢ
ֱ޳˫ȱǰģҪÿݣ˿סɵĸо
óһ룬Ŵ糤ģȻʼλû룬ͷʼһ룬ʱԿٵ룬ʱȴСʱûһ롣
ȥҲУҪʳˣҪһҽʦƷ
ˮ˵һֻ̧𣬺ܿѩƺҪ͸ӣŮʱҲۣˮĻһţܿƽѾˣбΪ𡭡
ˮʳָָ£ѸŮϵ˼£¸ǵǸ֮ǶˣһĸоѸٴ塣


1562 ˣ
Ůҧ촽պķ·ߵϼ֪ˮǹҪḡѾָܵԼϣڵϢͻᱻߣžͻῴˮ롣
ΪӪһıȣʱ뼸ѾŮĴ󲿷ֵطΨ١
Ů˸ܵ󲿷ֱѾָֻûио֪ϢѾƵȡ
ԼȫˣصλҲˣΪҪˣƺа취Ժദ
ͻȻо˸оԼĽűһֻůסʶʱԼѾֱָǹϢ뿪
ǰ룬ˮĶܿ죬ûһͺˣŮˮİεϵһѸٵĴ·
ˮʱѾ߳⣬ҲˣһʩҲƣоŲͷѾŮ˳
ôˣ
ˮʵ
Ů˴ʱûдңһ˿ĺΣˮ˵лл㣡
ˮҡҡͷл㻹Ҫˡ
ŮĲƽ΢Ц˵İɣһȥģӣҪҲǺˡ
ˮһ㶣ܶ𣿡
ȻܶˣǸȱģг䵱źҪĽɫһܶ඼Ǳû·ߵ˻ѡ뺣
ǿеʵǺǿġ
ˮ뵽ûʵôҵ
ţǿ󲿷ֻǱȲ㡣
Ů˵
ҵڻ֪ôƺ㣬鲻֡
ˮòҲҪ
ҽ衣
ܺһƿҺܺ壬鲻˵˵ܾˡ
ˮû֪֪ҲϣΪѶԷ
һһض壬ʵˣֻ츳ϱǿ˺֮ܶ࣬еѪ֮ˣƽѪϽѪ
ûԥֱ˵˳
ԭһܶ𣿡
ˮں
Ǻܶ࣬ʵܶ壬ǶģҲѷɫͨˣ似սʱԱһЩ仯绢ͷצȣǲñǸģ˵ʺս
ˮ֪ԭˮ粢ˮôƽԭһ磬ٴʵ½ƺûзֺӰ
ܾǰʵͺ嶼ǿ໥Էĵ򣬵ԶŴս֮һֹȳˣһʵ֮ǲܵ½أͨ˵ˮһʵǿȥԷĵ򣬵ʵۿֻۣĳŲܵơ
ллôࡣ
ˮǶںһ򵥵ʶ
֮ǰ˵ллˣȻͽûѪԵϵǾһķԼˡ
仰ˮһ仰ջԺǿԼˣͨһ仰Ů˵˵˼
첻ˣ춯غ迴˵
ãˮûʲô
ȥŪԵģϢᡣ
ˮ֪ʲôʵ֪ʵԲȻڸֻɽá
ˮЩǺܿҲһֱˮ߿һУû˵
˰ɣ㣡
ˮһֻõɽúȵݸ
ˮȻû˵Ұζȫ˳ҪҰζʺҧһȥζŨȴرˬڡ
һھȵĿˮԹö٣оóԵһΣΪһǡĸо벢ǡ
ˣܲɣǸŮ˱һ˿ӻ˴󲿷ֲλ֮󶼲ɣûθֻҪһ㣬һԾȻеƲס
˵˹ܲסԼ±ߵĿţʳɫҲסҲѣǰЩӣʲɹǹܲסԼ졣
ó𡣸㣡
ˮֵ֮ݸһȡ
ɽرɽãϾͺȵóԡ
Ҳûпͷӹܺóԣö
˾ͶԵ㣬ֲõĳ֡
ˮЦſʵҪκףһЩеӣҪһǲ⣬ȻҲһЩܸıġ
ϲҲʧء
΢΢ҡҡͷ
ˮ֪ﲻƽ仰ָʶȤûж˵Щ鷢ˣûã˵ΪԼûûжԴ
ˣҳԱˣҲϢɣǻả
һɨ֮ǰį΢Цˮкͻˡ
ˮӦһ֪Ҫһ⻹кܶ࣬ôûоƣ֮ǰûó뿪ˡ
򿪾ֱ̳һڣкã͸ϵԿˮζƿ
ǸˣǱĵƿһˮ֮ˣԪܾãഺפûô漰֮£ų飬Ҳܣû뵽鷢ʼϲġ
ǸͳŮˣһԿʵŮʲôϾǾԷҽʦɱŮ˻ˮʲôٺῴܶණҪһЩйͷš
Ѳٺ˺ܶ඼ᷢ仯ϧһ־ϷоĴҪ֮ʹڣʹĻӻ
Ȼ֣Щ鿴ĺأˮ֪ӦúܸӺܸӣԸֳΪ֮ǰ˵ѡˮ·ϧˮѾȷܣҲֻǸԼҸˮҽεĽڡ
ˮһ˱߳Աߺȣһֱһ̳ƺ꣬Ҳ˲һֻʵǿʹԪһͷţҲܳȥûеǸϡ
صԼˮʱͽɾˮе㯣Ԭյճˮǰ
ԬյļһԬպˮ֮Ҳ룬ʲôϵˮ֪
еʱԽǲڸϷʲô׳⣬Խڸ߽һά衣
ˮѾԼķʽ˳ȻԬջĲٿǿѾˮΪˣִ뿪Ȼǲֵġ
ɾеıŪȪΪȪԭɾҲ΢ı仯еʯ
Ӷ̶ѾҲЩˣڵĶѾ죬Ȼɾԭ򣬻еʯȣҪʮ꣬嵱Ҳ֪죬ʱҲ֪ȴ졣
Ϊ˶ʮ꣬ܶ˶Ըġ
ˮԼҪȥˣԼʵٴһ£ˮǸδ֪磬ˮȴоûн̤ʵصĸоˮſµԶޣˮеĿֲڱ½ظ


1563 һһ
뵽Щˮʵĳ嶯ڶѾ죬ѾʹˣϧѾԼߡ
ûжԶҲһʱвٵĵҩʱʵҲѸٵߡ
ˮҪǰѶΪһζҩҩҩѾͣͲǰܾˣǸһʼˮܴϣƺѾΪӰ
ˮʵһһֱûֹͣ⣬Ҫһʹõķоһķӡ
ˮǲϲӣû֤ʵܲвˮʧܣĻľͰѳӻˡ
ˮоӸоǿеģһܸķӣϧһҩʦ˵췽ҹ̷ͱеǳ￴СƺֻҪ˽ǰժʵΪ̫Զˣ浽˽ǰǴСǿֲġ
ķӾͱеǳǿƵģʵȴǺѣΪ漸ҩںǲͳġ
ֿԴڣĽϣ棬ǻƵģȴܹһ
ˮԥֻһεĻᣬʧˣˣҩʦ϶ٹ⣬ֻһεĻᣬʧܵļʸߴųϡ
ϧҩǿģʧ˾ʣˣرԽҩԽҩʦѣŲƲģʧ˻粻ƾôš
ˮˣһˮԼҩǿţֻҪҩûаճɹ
ˮҩһζһζо׼Ȼ׼ãÿһζõģȻó壬ʼǿ
һζˮ˵ѪˣЩǹޱȵģǿԲϲģȻɾٶȻǿԵġ
ⶾȴӶûУûжǲڳֶˣһ׼ʱȥˣȻɾеʱ䡣
ʥʯݵˮȪ֮ȪЩΪˮҩɹĳ룬߲ݡ¯ˮʶˮо
ȡˮ֮ϵڽУȻû̫ãʤޡ
ʱˮſʼƣҪҩݶ󣬵ˮղغܷḻȻ׾ȫˡ
״ָ̬ȻʼƣĶƺ⣬֪ԽǿСԽпʧܣȻȻ
ϣȫҾ磬Ϊܳ־ϿԿ϶ɹʱˮһֱҩλľָо
ϧָоķҵ˵ģҪҾȴǺѣˮҪһ£ȻýˮвСļʵġ
ʱ䣬ˮ·һľ״̬һʧһˮʱȫңƺȴ˺ܶණ
ЧһõģҲԼǿԼңҪҩãһǲƽʧܺͳɹһϵķ£ȫĵͶ롣
ˮԼҲ֪ԼǲǽҾ磬ָоͬҪǿϺܶ࣬ȫ֮Ҳ˴롣
һʱţˮƺһУ̨һ˿ʶͻȻޱȣɺǰȫͬ
һֲϲһеĸоˮһһңһֱһ֮žѡ
ɹˣ
ˮǰĽ¯ûгʧܵը¯ֱˮŸое㼤
ˮ֪˼죬ڲоһ۸˷ܣƽĽ¯򿪡
ӳˮĴָǴСĺڰĵҩɢһ˵Ϣءǿһ˲궯
ˮŵҩĶ̫ˣ쵤ҩǵһμ
뵽ˮҲͻⲻǶɣΪ֤ʵԼ뷨ˮֱʩչͨ

ԶΪҪԭƵĵҩǿ
ЧһһıʵʵҩǿĶԣҪյʱأӶԶĿ壬ʧܽʹá
߷ʹãÿֻʹһţҲֻʹһš
ˮһοҪôߵĵҩ鼶߲ſʹãŵҩǻһСֱӾͻ
һһǺܶѡ񣬹ҲһһɣϾߵ߲ףһԱҪһȻʵӻ٣Ҫһ٣ȫ˳ȥҪдʹ֮ˡ
ѡðյ˿ܲܶ࣬ΪʳΪӦûǻкܶѡԣϾȥͻǰܴһ


1564 ʵ
ܱ˳ԲԣˮҪʹõģǰٶ֮壬кȻǾ֮壬˷ѡ
ˮȥһֻصɾһҩӦ˾ʱ䣬֪ɹˮоһǿҵϮ
ĸʱ֮ˮֱĻٴλָٴδ򿪽¯óʵҩƿеĿŷֱװĸƿÿһǼֵǣֻⵤҩܷõ̫ˡ
ʣµһˮֱӷˡ
Ƭ̵Ĺˮܵǿһһ䣬ӡ
죿ˮžĴʹϹͣͬõϢһһɺɫϢӣϧһӾͻʧ
ˮ֪Ƕ⣬ǵ޷ӣû˶صвˮԽȫ
һһȵԽԽǿˮоƣмܵķݣˮǰ룬һʱ佫һЩϸСϢͨˣٿԷֽһЩѹ
ʱˮͻһ£һξסһЩϢкֱײԷֵһЩѹ
ˮֶ֪²ͨٶ£һ㶼Ƕξ˳ǿͻϢýƵ
ˮѾˮʪ·ˮϴһ۾ɮ붨ÿһͻһ롣
ʱϵĽԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽ죬벻ֻͨˮ˵Ǽӹ̾ԼǱЩϢٶȼӿ졣
ˮ۾Լ̫Ϥˣʱϵ·ѾˣҲѪΣ»Ѿȫǽ롣
ˮҲû뵽ʵҪܵôвΪԼʿԺ׵յƺ
䣡
һľͨˣϵѹ쾭˺ܶϢҲӿյٶȣˮȴˡ
Ѵľܶ࣬߾ԼһЩĴĶС
ʮ쾭ʮؾصؾֻлԵɺϲܴͨеһ֧ˮڴͨʮؾһ֧
һȻôǿĺôʮؾȻֻͨʮؾһ֧Ժʱܴͨġ
ʮؾʮ쾭һʮ쾭ҪԵÿδͨҪһضʮؾǴͨһȽѣԺʵùֻͨҪͨǺѡ
Ҳˮĵԭ
ѹ٣ˮȫ߶ԪЩϢʱѾȫȶصϢѾֹͣӣˮ΢΢һ
ۣ
һ˿Ϣʱзһ΢죬һ˲ˮоƺʵˣҲоһǿ
ˮЦˣɹˣһʵһ࣬ҪˮԽʵ·һСһ
оǶһͨ
ɱͨɽһ˴֮ӡ֮кĿһɵзġ
ֳһͨɱһǱͨɱΨһˮˬǲӴ֮ӡĹҪ֪ˮʵǿľǴ֮ӡڳ˴֮ӡƽʱĻ޶ܴﵽ֮ӡ
ȻźҲܿģѾ¯ľ磬Ҫ֪ˮʵͬնҲһˡ
ˮĸһԼڵʵһܻǺģӦǱ𾪵ĲС
ʵѾﵽ˿ֲ
߲ʵӱʵʮ51ʮʵ61žһ2ټɱ2ˮ͸ʵﵽ˲ʵɽٶĹЮǿĶܻﵽʮʵӿֲ
޺飨2߲ʵ51𣨳61ž󣨳4Լ֮ӡ2ɱǲ֮ӡɽҲֱӡ
ֲľﵽ˶ʮڣ⻹սƣ֮࣬ܵ·òľ˵Ȼкܳһξ룬һĿ
ʵıһǰδеš
һͷԼ壬һѪζӣϽȥϴһһˬ·Ÿо
ˮȫսϤʵ˾ɾߣڵɾѾзΧˣԼһУһԺЩĸȫҲбϵĵطֻҪЩڣǰ;
ڶˮȥĲ絫Ҳ߳ʱ򿴵ŮѾվԶԶƺʲô
ˮõӰ˹ȥ
ˣ
ûлͷ˵
£
ˮԥһ»˳ǹ¼ŵıӰԸܵĲɣȻҲһ˵ԭ
ͷˮ˭ûе££һҹûƺ仯˺ܶࡣ
ˮЦЦҲܸܵŮ˿£ܸܵԼʵӣ˵ʵԼҪǿ
ˮڻݵʱѾƽŮʲôʵҲᾪȣһ壬Ǿ̫ˡ
ˮ΢΢ľɫЦһֵҩʵһ
˵Ů뿴ķӦ˵ûдһţϾܴԼҵһҶǰԼæ
ȻˮκˣһŮӲŴƱԼˣΪʲôʽǲ͸һš
ˮߵŮܷõ̫ˣˮе㵣ģһҶӦÿԣҪĶأԼðżΣյġ
費һʵǿҪ⣬Ȼȫȷһ壬Ӧò̫࡭
һĽᾧһŮһһĴڣ˵Ҳ˵ǸԵ壬ˮоеǰһЩС˵еľһһ
ˮ嶼ǱһЩСкܶӵĺ죬ǳڣѭʵߣҲڽı仯ô仯Ҳȫһ
ˮǿܾǰˮĴڣһĴڣʵǿ󶼲ܻΣֻܱ仯Сֻӡ
кܶ嶼һͬʵޱǿ
ܺһľһŮһ壬壬ϵһЩǲ氲ȫʧġ
ˮԶ϶ܿŮһġ
㻹Ǹǿҩʦʵ̫ҪץҪΡ
Ц˵
ţһţʳҩпܶҩо綾յʱҲܼѣǿ˹ƻᱬ塣
ˮ˵
̫ˣŰɣҲòš
ҡҡͷЦ


1565 ʮؾ֮һͨƽսꪼ
Ļˮ⣬óһŵݸûаգԵĻʵܴҪʵ
迴ˮݹĴƿӹ򿪺󲻿˼ĿˮȻԿƳʥ
ʥⲻ𣿡
ˮҲһʵ
ʥ֮ΪҩƵģҲҲʥ֮һʥ
軺˵
ˮ˫۲˼Ŀ裬仰Ѿˮ͸¶һϢġ
Ůһ塭
迴ˮɫҲ֪ʲôû˵ʲôһתЦ˵Ҿˡ
ܸܲңҩӦûΣհɣ
ˮһ㵣ĵġ
İɣҷߵҩûκһ˿Σգлл㡣
迪ĵ˵
ˮͷûΣվͺãʹٻȥǻȥʹã
Ǿڵһɣ
ڵƺе΢ļǺѵõģˮ֪Ů˵Ƶĺܺá
ˮȻȻӦŮʹʱˮûںֻܽԶ⵽ĶҪ֪ʹõʱҪʱ䳤һкܴΣա
ȴˮһΪֻ˰ʱˣûһ㶯ƽͷβûһ
Ѿ϶Ů˾Ůһ壬ŮһҲŮһ壬ʱָͬȴһ
˵ʥ֮ǰķӦˮѾ϶ˣֻǲ֪֮Ѫ޿ɲʹã
ˮ˵ʵǲôߵ˳ԣһҪߣߵõ̫ˣо̫ΣգǲǿԼʹá
뵽壬Ӧøһţʣţȿһ迴֮Ѫܲʹá
ˮվƸӵƮ첻浾ɫоľ˺ܶܶࡣ
ƺƯˣϵı仯ˮоȫеһЩ£һЩƺѾȫ⿪ˡ
ˮ¶ĵЦݣþĶǣˮһʧŬع̾ջˮˮоŮսڲʱֻҪһЦݾĶʧɥҶŮͨɱΪŮòǰ𺳣ʧǰǲԱġ
ƣҩӵ֮ѪʹЧ𣿿ʹ𣿡
ˮæʵͬʱҲԼʧ̬
̫ݳˣĵҩú֮ѪʹãԣҲϵʵ
迴ˮͷ·𿴰ܼһ
ŶǾͺá
ˮЦЦ뵽ԼԼļŮ˶ϴˮԥˣͼţǲ̫˷ˣ
ʥܶ𣿡
ɻʵ
࣬š
ˮҪһš
ѱʦ𣿡
ҲǣԼޡ
ˮ˵
ҸоţѱʦҪȫ޵ĻιʳѱޣϾıϣֵҩʵ̫󣬾඼ûбҪ˵֮Ѫˡ
Ϊʲô
ˮе㲻⡣
ʱﵽһǿ㣬㲻ʹʥҲܴﵽֻҪʱ䣬ʹʥҲǿһﵽζѡ
͵
ˮȻãʹʹõ뷨Ϊһεʵͻƣˮʵӿֲ
֮ǰˮʵʹûƽսܷꪲӳƽսꪵӦеʵƽս˵ʵˮ֮ǰһֱоӵʵԺԲΪǱǽϧѾһ֡
ԻƽսꪻϲʵΨһǿľǿԵֵкܴļʴ͸һȴǷֻƽսˮʵ෢һһȫģٶȵһС
ҲǷ֮ͨʮؾ֮һЧʱˮԴﵽʮĹﵽʮ
ƽսꪵʱֻܷӳһ㣬Ѿ׬ˣϾڲıǽѾ൱ʹһˡ
ԺˮһŻƽսꪣһֻʹþͿˣµˮķѾﵽԼզĵز
ǾԵİȫУˮҲ׻ƽսǿΪڷӳƽսꪵһһе޷ģԺ󣬽ӿֲ
ƽսڶսеͷʵҲǼǰǱص˵ҲƽսɱǿģҲٶģۺʵǿġ
ƽսսĲݣս⻷ǿסԷǱǿսҲֻܱϰܣٶսҲֻܡ


1566 صٺǣصƿ
ˮеƵģ޷ƽսꪵӵ󣬵ѾˣɽˮŻƽսꪵҲܴﵽʮĹ
ˮоֻƾɽһҲʲô˶ܳܵġ
ģźˡ
ˮЦ
㰮˭˭ģʲô¡
΢һ䣬죬Ѿȥˡ
߰ɣʰ£·ɣ
ˮѾûʵӣ˵ʵûǿ֪ʵĳ嶯
ã
ˮûֱʹ˾Уٴξһˮ򵥵Ľһ¡
ϵĺܶ࣬㻹ʲô
Цź˵
ҺŮӺ׳ΪҵŮˣҪ׼ĴǺܴġ
ˮЦŴȤһ䡣
ɫе㲻ȻҲû˵΢΢Ťͷ˳ˮĵǰȥ
ˣ
ˮĬ˵ĵһ䡣
ôСû
ǰ˵
񣬶˵Ů˵ĶСģȻôô㡣
Ҳ֪ˮڶģҲϵĿˮЦЦû¡
ˮڨڨЦЦС˵ɣҺܺ棬ϴ˵ƺǺΣ֪˵
ʲôģĺʵܶ࣬ϻ̵ǵĺ仰֡
ˮƺʶԼ˵˻˼Ťͷ˵ҺͽĺվλãҲУֻһҺǣȻģ֣ǾĲˡ
ǻȥвУ
ˮĵʵ
Ӧܴƽˣҵʵ٣סǣҲ޿κˡ
˵ƺе㲻϶
ұ֤ԿԴǣҡ
ˮЦ˵ԼסԷĻԼļԿʤ
ˮ֪ˮսԼԼûӰ죬е
ЦЦ㣡
ô˵ʵˮ̵ԼʵͻȻʱٶսپͻȻסԷȻɲֹۡ

ˮ˱һλˣٺǿֵһҶںİΣԥһ£ǻả᲻Σգ
ģҲô׾ºġ
˵仰ʱǺŵġ
ǽȥٺͣһ£һǾͽΣ
ˮѾٽˡ
ðɣ
֪ˮӦ£Ц˵
ֱӻصãˮĻúܶ˶ˣϾҲܳʱûˡ
塢ӳɲѩŵͨ
ˮȻһرĿģͨˮ֮Ĺϵǲʱ䵭ģһӡǵϵֵʤֵܡ
ڻˣλǣ
ˮʵ۾ȴǿ衣
ӳɲȴŤסĶ䣺˵𣿡
ˮˣ壻һΪкܳʱҪأû뵽ô졣
ӳɲһ죬ɿ֣ٺЦô˵Ҳ㳤˧ܶ࣬ŮϲҲ
ˮͷʲôʱ׼ɻ飿
ǰɡ
˵ﻹǺܿĵġ
ӳɲҲˮƣôͻȻߵһˣȻףﻹǺܿĵġ
ô˭ѩŵ΢Ц˵
裬ҵһѡˮ˵
ƯͽһƯѩŵĵţһ˿Ľ
ҲƯʶ裿Ц˵
ǰҲʶ𣿡ѩŵȵʵ
ҺͽǺܺúܺõѡ

ˮͨڶԷһȭС
β̫ͣˡ
ҿûβͣ㻹Ǻ˻βͰɣˮЦ˵
㣬ðɣˮЦСǸСѾͷ
ҺܺãҪע⣬һ˲ס￴ˮĹˣȻˮɽ㣬Ҳˮɵܵܣһַĵĸм
ûһһҲˣˮȻޱȣˮһ˵һʦһˮҽϸ̫İ̸ʦѣֵɣһˮǷĵ𾴣Ϊȣһ֪Լʲôλã֪ʲô֪Լûʲôõó֡
ļӶһڽ̵һǰмģϧǹһˣʱҲһ֮Ѿƺôһ㼣󣬵û˵Ҷ֪֮ʲôչġ
ﻹǺƯģˮܶ࣬оյģҸǸһ𵤣ɪүﶯֶž˵ﻹǺɫġ
ˮԤߵһףҲܿģ޷ǿơ
ĺӶһҲǺϲһмҵĸо
ŴһԸԷʱ֪ˮһҪ뿪ȻᣬҲ֪ˮҪ飬ԶǶˮҪСġ
ˮһЩĶرһЩ࣬Ƕرģϴθͺˡ
ҩҲ²٣ͨץʱʵҪġ

һλܴæˮǿǷ񻹺ãǺþ÷ˣͨѸٵʵҪһսġ
ٺǻǺǿģںӳҽףӰ͸ǽˡ
ˮ塢ͨ¥Ⱦƣе¹Χһѩ׵ɳһ绷
壬Һܺ棬ôӳСߵһģ
εЦЦͨҲЦ
ˮʣ֪Եɣԭʵһӳɲףӳɲ˵һӮ˵
һ̲ӮˣײİӳСѹ£ֻͦΣ˵촽Ҳһ𡭡
ֵͼĴĺ棬ĿʼӳɲȻ塣
ӳСһƬٺǺܶ˶֪ⱲҪӳС֮Ȣס
Ը˽ܣ˵ӳɲȢӳɲƺڱѣǰǶԷûһ˼¡
صƿҲǳĵõرձ˹飬ˮҲǿĵף
˵ֵܣκƴСǲʲôҪòǰæ彫˵ľƱ˵
ǻҾ͵ȻʱһıǡˮЦſǣЦ˵
֪ͨˮ˵ĲЦƽʱҲụԷȻǿЦεЦֵҪСģǻҪء
ģҵǺӲġ


1567 ǰˮ
ˮҲƽʵһʼҲôĵģ˾ԿǺѷĵġ
ȵһʱѩŵҲˮ˶ѩŵСһǴϧҲܺá
Һò
ѩŵˮЦ
ˮҡҡͷԺɣβʡ
ߣҾ֪ô˵ѩŵˮǰľƱһںȵ
ͺúȣôҲȲѩŵ΢Ц˵ûΪˮе
Ҹ㣬ú㲻صԼ˵ô˸ƻˡˮЦ˵
֪ʵҲܿģͲ֪ңе㶯ѩŵ۰Ͱ͵Ŀˮ
ͨžЦſǣʵѾһЩʲôѩСƺеϲˮ
ѾͷǺܴģҲܽɲһͰСβ̵ϡˮЦſ佱
βءѩŵЦֹһ䡣

ڶˮʹһ;ͺ뿪ˣȻᣬҲ֪ˮҪ
Ͽգˮֱʩչűȥ
ԽԽͣ򲻽ȴǷ·ɱһʲôûУһֻûС
ˣˮȥɣ
Ц˵
һˮ׵ıȥһȥˮȴˣΪбˮʲôģˮǣôˮУˮҲһ
·һһˮûһ˿Ĳʣ·½һϵ·ƺۣˮռ˿ˮ
ˮûôˣֱӻʪ͸ȲʲôﵽʵûбˮҲˮд󣬲ܵӰѣٶȺʵֻܷһ롢˳ɡ
ͷˮ¶һ˿΢Цˮˮ֣ˮǷ׷׵Ӷ뷲
ˮʹñˮıʱһ벻ˣһ΢𶯣һʶ˶С
ּһͨһ˲оĵط·½ءһˮĸоˮæȥ
ˮݣ
ͨˮˮˮв˿Ӱ죬ٶɣģ
˲ˮˮƶʮÿʱʹһΡ
ôˣ費Ŀˮˮԭط㶣æʵ
û£ƺʲôˮЦ˵

ˮˮѾܵˮ˿Ӱ죬ʩչȥˮϵ·ƺҲ˸ɵˣͷʲôƺմˮˡ
ӰһһˮˮٿҲǿ첻ģʹˮݵ˲ˮֱʮȥ
ˮܿϤڵ壬ҲرˬˣˮսҲӣԽҲˡ
ԽԽ˿͸ˣ֪һŮһû˵ĻһΪŮһء
辪˵
һŮһûˣ
ˮرľȡ
ǰһɫŮˡ
Ҿˣôأ
ˮʵⲻͻ֣еðġ
е㲻Ȼ˵Ů˳ס
ˮӾˣû뵽ȻµһŮһŮ𣿡
ԭһŮһŮ㡣˵
ЩѡеҸˮǺЦ
Щ˶ˡƽ˵
ˮĿ裺ô£
Ůڵһ䣬˵һʣľ֮һ
迴ˮ
ˮҡҡͷʲô鶼ģ츳ǿ˫ϧֻܺϣȴҪĴۡ
Ůһֻܺ𣿡
ˮɻʵ
ȻǣŮһһ㶼ѡ࣬ΪŮһоԼһ壬һЩǿҲǿаռŮһ壬ҲһЩŮһЩǿԶ塣
ˮҲ֪ˮлвǿڴﵽһʵԻΣֻ廹һЩ⻹һЩϡȱĻβݡιЩҲһЩǿǴ󿪣ԻΣôζһЩ
ܵ˵ŮҲûҲãϵĻΪģϵĻһ֡
ˮ㡢Ůǰе꾫Ͼܴﵽξͺûʲô鳤࣬ˮҲǺų⣬Ҳû


1568 
ѸٵűײȥˮҲ֪ô£ȻϡͿͨˮݻǱģģľǻΪԼһַ·һ
ˮԽĺ˸ģӵɣζš
ǰˣοˮһԡ
ˮ޷ʩչУˮиˮݣεץסһֻһ˲ˮͻʮ
ˮɿ֣ΧѾˣʮˮѹǺֲܿģѾһࡣ
ˮûиܵκεĲʣǰԻܵӰ죬ˮһжһˡ
ͻȻˮԶһŵˮӿ˹һֻǰһĶֻǱǰ˲֪ٱ
ˮ׼ʱֻһתһȦˮɢֻ޴ͻȻͷˣƺһ
ˮ龰ԽĸоԼĴڣûʣ֪˵ʱһ˵ġ
ʮĺѾˣһͷˮĿ£쳣֣ˮµԭô
ÿ𣿡
΢Ц˵
ÿһǸоÿ
ˮҲ֪ôӾʹˣȻ٩衣
ʵ˵ˮеڣΪϾԼ壬Ҳ֮ʲôҲûзֻǺѵĻҲһɡ
ڷеأеΣ˵Ǹ·ɣ»кľܵ
ˮҲεǰ
һ·ϻǿֲˮޣӹŹ֣ޱȣ˻ܶԸԽԷܡ
֮һޱΣյĵط
ˮ粻ôϵ¹һ룬ˮлһЩǲݣһЩˮиɽһЩ࡭
Щ޷ˮ⣬ǰˮһǺڵģʲôҲģо
ˮԽԽˮҹǿˮݿˮȫӦˮУߺܶࡣ
ˮоΧ½һ½ػҪˮˮеӦþָоɡ
ˮ๬һĸߴϵĽʱˮ֪ˣǴһһﵽһʪûˮľ޴ռ䡣
ˮͿޱ𺳵һĻ
кܶĸߴʮ׵ĴϺףе࣬ȫϺ׵ķŴӡ
Ϻ
ôǿ׳Ϻ
Ϻˣˡˡˡ
ˮһӴ࣬ˮģ˺Ҳܶ࣬ˮиߵȼЩдССɽͷһССһ
뵽ûˮλú󣬿ܶѾϽӽ壬һЩˣ༸޶һЩۡ
һһߵ磬ﲢǺףˮһɳĶһɽˮ֡
Ǳ֮һҲڵĺ
ˮܼҪһҶˣϴηҲʮˡ
һһ޼ʵĹȺ



嶼ڰʾ⣬ˮЩźӺΰϵĹȥ
ĹȺԽԽǸߴԽԽǴλˮڸоر棬һȥһߴܡ
һȻһĴڣҪһЩʯ֧ţҲһȻѾȫĴڡܵһЩ˾ࡣ
֮ǰҲ˵Ĵڣһ㶼Ͷ·ǿߣһЩЩͶ·ĺˣʵڣֻΪȥ
ˣ
ʱһˮĿȥһˣɫ㣬۾Ϭ촽ţıֱ
ˮĿǲˡϢϿһ˿ϢҪһЩ
ˣûгʲôǰɣͶûж
΢Ц˵
ˮܵ˵ʵǿȻɫᣬӦñԼҪʮɡ
䱾Ϳֲÿһ嶼ǧĴڰɣϾ֮ǰǧöʶ״̬
ﻹãм亣Ͷ˼ΣڶҷסˣһһʱԹƣ˻
˵˵һ߸ˮ˵
ˮ֪ͶӦþӦҲ֪ʲôƿء
һǿĴڣ壬ˮƣѵһ壬貢һ㣬һ׺ޱȵĴڣ転ꡭ
ĿֲӦһ裬ˮȻǲ²⣬Ҳ˽һЩܺͺĴڣɼҲǼ򵥵Ĵڡ
ţ֪ˣ㲻Ҫɶǵѵ
ԡ˵
Ӧһȥʼնûˮ˭Ҳ˵˵ĵλȻǲ
ˮһжǺܺ棬ͻȻһǿϢӶһῡӳǰ
ˣ
ˮһκĿˣ˺޶ϢҲѷɫʲôһ˫۾ţֻǿʱһ̰
ɫǺֿģ
չسˡ
˵
ųˣλǣ
˿ˮ΢Цʵ
ˮǰǶȹѹصġ
ЦһҶˮ֮ĹϵҲ֪֪
ӭӭҽн㡣
˵
ˮ˵ᣬҲ˵϶ôĺøУЦŴк
ҰںϯˮҲɣ
Ц˵뿪ˡ
ˮе㲻ˬ仰ʵǲӭˮģʲôҲɣڻǺжģôʱҲܸܵϲ衣
֡
ˮЦ
ʲô֣ؼһβֽ㣬һöѲݣ˽ճɾ͡
ЦǺǵĿˮ
ǧ治Уôоûʲô𡣡
ˮЦ
ʵô̶ȣĺûʲô౾߹ǺʶЩִﵽ㾳磬Ѿ߱Ǻʶ˵Ѿˡ
ˮܽܵǽ㾫ʵǾͻῪԼ޿ʶʶͲٴİǿҰˡ
ǰ˵Уɡħ֣ʵܶɵıҲ࣬ɡɡ¹ɡ
˵ˮҲӦ绹治ںʲôʵΪ
֪۷ʵкܶ඼ɣҺܶ඼ǿԻεģѾϰ̬ϰߣϾϰߣֻҪʮͿԣǧ꣬Աಢѷɫ


1569 һҶ
ˮûѯŮ㣬ΪЩѾҪˡеֲŰ㲻Ҫ
΢Ц˵
ˮЦˣҲǸе㲻Լҡҡͷ˵ɵô˵ҡһϡ
أ
ˮ鶼ˣеȲ
ھޣԼȥɣһϲ
΢ЦָŶһ¥
һɽ۵ׯ԰ȻԶǿԿţ볾ףлһѸٵķ˹ȥ
վ￴ˮԽԽԶıӰҲ֪ʲôо΢΢ҡҡͷһ뿪ˡ
ʲôˣֹ
ׯ԰ⱻĸߴ赲˶ɫȫӡ
֮ûԱ𣬳ʶѣΪŮҲһԻġԱתۣȡ־ʱԼҪµһ꣬һֻѡһԱ
ˮֱóӣһֱʾˮԹȥ
ˮʵҲܺˣǰУҲһǿĴڣͬʱбˮҹ桢ˡ
ǰƺе㲻̫ǿģ˵ǿģӦòеĻ塣
ˮŮȻģ˿˵Ҳ쳣ӽģĴڣҲرĸߣ˵ʵҲ쳣ֲͨˮϵͨ
⻹㣬Ҳһ֣˵ҲˮпµĴڣˮоǰӦòһ֡
к˵ȣЩȻΪģҲˮڣϸǸ߼Ĵڡ
ˮ߽ׯ԰⴦ׯ԰С̨ͤ¥ȫǱȻķ񣬷·һ¥һʯ̳һ
ʯ
ˮߵһԺ䣬һ޴ʯ£һʯһںԺ̾˴λá
ʱˮĿ⿴ʯϵŮӣʤѩ㷢ɢţϥһȴ˵ĳףʳ̻
һҶ裡
ˮоһ˵ĸоʦѣһڵŮڿˡ
ʮûˣˮепˮ˼ʱ򣬱۾һҶ΢΢۾һ۾Ϳˮˮʱһ㶣ƺе㲻ŵ΢΢۾
ٴɿˮˮ΢΢һЦһҶӰһƮֱӱסˮһæ˺
˭
һҶ辪
ʦôҶʶˡ
ˮ΢Ц˵
㣬ˮҲΡ
һҶ辪ϲĿˮסˮһƬӨ֮ɫǾϲ
ҵˡ
ˮ΢Ц˵һѽڻƺһ־ʧһһҶ§סˮӣĵĿˮ
ҵõŮһĴУΪ⺣ػǶҶˮôģ
һҶܺ档
˵ߣȥǱߣ˵
ˮһҶŲԶʯȥ
һҶǣԼˮĳһ̤ʵˮҵû뵽ô졣
ˮ򵥵İԼһ·ϵ˵һ£һҶˮ棬˵ȴһֱţҲΪˮһ·ϵ겻ѡ
ˮ㲻̤Ƿ֮ء
뵽ƣһҶ̾Ϣ˵
ǲһˣǲǷ֮Ҳأ˭۸Ҷ޻ء
ˮº͵ЦǿЦһһҶ֪ˮڿЦ
ˮһҶ˵̫ϤˣҲ֪ˮõ˴УʵѾޱȿֲǸоˮŲ˼
һҶĿˮЦôʱû㣬ô죬ڶ͸ˡ
ҪҰ·ˣԿһ㡣
ˮŲʳ̻˵İ
˵仰Ͳˣôˡ
һҶҲûˮ֪ǶôҪĳһֻնһ
ܵĺҲҪ׷Ҫû㣬ͷ·ҵһ
ˮ˵š
㻹ϲҿģϲ塣
һҶЦˣһЦ
ôﻹ𣿡
֮ǰˮ˵һҶô˵ģһҶΣԺһС
һ㿴ǸˮһŮĹҾõŮĴУĴŶľ͵ǣϣܰػ
Ů
ˮȻ֤ʵˣʵ
ǵģߴڡ
ˮΪһ壬û뵽Ůһ壬Ůһһϸ٣Ҳһ㡣
ֻ˵ǺܳʱȥмȻҲ˵˴ˡ
ﻹ𣿡
һҶ϶ҲҺܾʱˣĵ˵ļңɩɩֶӡֶŮڡ
ǶܺãǶ㣬Ҳ㡣
ˮЦ˵
ж룿
һҶеƤ˵ڵ˵Ķˣ񣬾Ͷһ׽Բλĸо
һ뵽ҾϿ㱧סһĳΪһ塭
ˮ˵ġֻһеһҶɬˡ
Ҫˣ˵ʲôء
һҶڷſ˺ܶ࣬ѣҲֻС˸ԼǰôԼɬֿĵĸо
ʦûҡ
ˮЦſһҶ衣
ǲǡ
һҶųˮʦ
ôãҪ㺰
ˮζ˵
ȥƤ˰ɣ
һҶ̲סˮԴһ¡

ˮǿŵĽһҶס죬ûа취
ˮһֱӰһҶˮ̲סĺһһҶ貢ûֻ§סˮӡ
û˿覴õգ΢΢ҵˮĴչȥ˵ӣϡ
ϸ壬һ˿㣬һҶ۾е㽩Ӳˮܸܵǿٵ
ˮ׼һʱ洫Ų˵֪ˡ
ˮɿһҶ裬촽һƵδı飬һҶɬˮɫҲǺЦЦЦ
óԣˮٺЦ
һҶѾ뿪ˮڶ£ϻŵΣ쵰
ˮ΢Ц˹ˮɫѾܵʲô顣
Ѿ˾磬רǡЦű߱˵
ˮˣҾͲȥ˰ɣһҶ΢Ц˵
ҲȥұϾôʱŻȥɣˮҲȥˮһҶ衣
ˮһҶƺһЩ


1570 Լս
֮ǰǸӦϲ裬ҲԷҲԼ
ˮûʲôоɵˣʲô̬ȸˮϣʵˮҲͬоûбҪһʶ
㣬ˮˣġһҶЦſ衣
ҿδأ°ˮҪСһ㡣ˮ˵
ôоƺͷˮǲ⡣
ܴĳ̶ϻҪػ㣬ҲûжôĹֻ֣ܾܡε˵
ǺðɣˮȥɣҲΪӷ硣һҶЦվ˵
ˮûʲôҪȥȻҲҪһȥ
һ̸ˮҲ֪ĹɣһЩһЩи죬Ϻͳ˧ͷ졢ͳ졣
ŮֻһǺľ졣
ʵģҲǿ֮ܳΪΪһںռһҪĵλ
˵к֮ѪɼǵŲǿĴڣһ廹ǺлȨġ
㲻ϲ軹ϲһҶ裬ƽʱĵıԼİ⣬ûйֵľٶ
ȻһҶ趼ܾɽսŰܣҶ٣ŮҲûа취Ͼ벻Ҳû˿־ٶԲŻнľ棬Ůᾡıܿ㡣
˸е˴ȥˮ˲࣬Ҳʮˣ㻹֮Լ׳ˣͨóˮˡˡˡˡ
㿴ˮ衢һҶ㿪ĵӦ˹ȥˣ
æŸһҶΣˮ𣬻Ҳкһ䡣
ˮ
һҶºֱˮ˵ʾԼұߣߡ
ѾһˣôˮұߣˮԵơ
ˮǰɣǻλãһһҪλ˵顣
ˮ˵

ˮͷҲ̧˵۾һֱһҶ衭
һҶһ˿Ц⣬˶ǿŽ㣬һýе²̨棬ϾǿΪˮʲôҲǣ۴һ˵ԼӦÿͿóλá
ˮԱɣֲԶ˵ʲôҲġ
æ˵
ƹܣȻҲʹ㣬Ҳ뿴ˮͽ
ɫѿһˮЩͬľĿƣ׷ʵ˼һ㣬ŮҲʵǿ˾
ֻһҶʵǿԳôҲǺʶʱġ
һҶҲ˽ɫѿЦ˸ܣˮҷרҵġ
һ仰˵һñ߷ߵĽ㣬ڱ߱ԵĽ㾪ĿһҶٿˮôҲ뵽һķ
迴һҶ裬һҶ˵ˮ֮󣬽ԺӦûӲԼʵоӦûˮ֮ЩĦ
ǰɣ˵㾭ɧߵŮˡ
ˮͷھлزĽ˵
еŭе㲻мʱˮţվˮߣպܹ졣
սҸо䲻϶
ֱ˵
öֱһУ仰Ѿ֪ˮһҶķɻ
䲻ҵŮˣ˭ϣ𣿡ˮЦˣվŽ㡣
һŮһˣҸоұҪĶࡣ˵һķģۣҲԴȴαϰ߿
ϲ𣿡ˮЦ˵
Ҳû뵽ˮ⳶ϣĿˮͽ㡣
˶ǱֳĬ˵ʵЩ˴Ž㣬ǺʵԺҲҪ֧ŵŽһľ޴ĹͣȻںͻᱻݣô˾ɼˡ
ϲϲǡ
˵
ĳʵˮһ㶣ûӰӣȴǺԥĳϣ̰̹Ȼľˮϲ硣
㣬ʲôʱԺΪأҲϲ㣬Ҫ˵ٴס
˵
֪ҾƴҪҲҪסס㡣
˵ʱףģҲǸоҵ溺ӡ
һҶЦſˮƺڸˮƤҲǺܺģ˿ѷɫ
ˣһ𣬶Լˣһ
Ͻ˵ĲԸ⿴ˮǿлǣڲǺľˡ
ҾǸо䲻϶ҲܿŶί
˵
ˮǸƣ̲ס˵˳䲻ϸƨ£ԱŵģôоɵƵ
ɵս
ϺܴںܶҲĺֻܴıԣںܶҲţǼʲôֱϲ˵ɵǿЦҲУˮһ˵ʹˣôҲ̡
ˮҲû뵽ԷӦôңЦ˵սңҲ䣿
Ҫս𣿡㾡ƽһģŭˮ޲ֱӽˮɱŸġ
ΪʲôҪʲôôˮҡҡͷ
Ӧںźֱܴ׳˵
Ӯʲôôˮʵ
ҴˣˣҾͿ׷㣬һ˵
ôࡱˣˮ޴ʹĸоһҶںƽʱ΢Цſеζ
ûʲôô治Ҫûһʵʵġ
ˮҡͷ˵
ˣû׷׷
Ȼ˵
ˮһĸоǲȱߣƺֻŮˣһжΪŮˡ
һ壬飬Ů˻ֹͣ׷ȥ飬˲ֳԸֻһ취Ƿ䣬һҶĻϽƴӵġ
ðɣҽ
ˮ˵
Ĵ󲿷ֶ壬Ǻսõİ취һҶҲûֹһҶ˵ܵͺˣԺĹͻǺܴġ
ӣҳԴˡ
ˮһҶ˵


1571 Ժͣ
֪Ӯûκ⣬ŮˣʲôףǸûгĺӡ
һҶɬ˵
Ҳûгĺӣ̡
ˮһҶ֮˵ǴȻġ
ˮĻһҶɫߺ죬ûкİһۡˮȴգգ۾ͷ촽۾һҶͦεش
һҶмܲסˮĿ⣬ֻƲԴ
ȻӦˣȻڳȥһȸ¡
Ӻܼ
֮ǰˮ̬Ҳе㲻ˬǰӦøߣȴǲôߣΪԷ壬֮ǰһҶĻˮ֪еԽӦȱҡ
ڱȣȻЩ˾ˡ˵
ˮǶķǺĿˣǲе㲻סҲ˵
ɫܲÿúһȻҺԳ֣Сġ
ˣ
㿴ˮ
ˮͷȥȥ㻹ǲײĲᣬèĹֵô𣿡
ǸˮĻ׵ľĻֱӸˮȥ
裬ô죿εЦЦƺһҲͻ
Ѿˮ˵ˣҪһҶҲΡ
ôˮսʤĿһҶ裬˵ʵˮ˵ҲǺ棬ϾǾˣֻ֪ҽǿ󣬲֪ʵΡ
߰ɣҲȥҪʲôںסʵҪǴ˺ͶһҶ˵ߡ
ʼɣ
ˮ֪Խûʲô˵ģ֮ǰ˵̬Ѿûʲô˵õķʽǽ򵹡
ã
Ҳܸɴֱ࣬ڿ
ˮյʱӰһ͵棬Ѿˡ
ʵǺǿģˮҲҴ⣬ϾˮУѾ뿪˺Ľ磬ΧˮС
ˮˮ͸˵ˣӰͻȻѸٱһֻɽһĽ㡣
ʲôһͻֲޱȣ嶼иָʵҲӣ޴Ľ߶˾޴УˮƷ籩
ҪСˣǲġ
޴ӽд
ְɣٴҲһֻ㡣
ˮЦóƽսꪡ
˵ʵȻŷˮʵǺֲܿģȫʵת£ҪѸٵĴܽ㡣
Ȼ󣬵ȴˮޱȣ޴βֱӳ˹ˮ谭ƶһ㣬ֱýһβֻصơ
ˮϢҲеĻƽսֱԷָ͹ʽķʽ˳ȥ
ȻˮУˮˮҲǲ˿Ӱ졣
أ
ˮĻƽսꪴһҫ۵Ľ⣬ֱӴ˽Ǿ޴βϣƽսŰٷ֮һļʴ͸ϹʽҲаٷ֮ʵʱҲһ£Ҳ¡
һȻôг֣ǽβȣ̲סһƺߣûˮݵĻˮˮлܴܵӰ죬ڶˮ˵ǲʲô

ˮӰһֱӳ˹ȥеĻƽսꪲϵĺˮķסĹûκ⣬ûкֱ֮ӲϵĺɱֺȻĸоǺˬġ
ںƣһιҪ֪ǿ̫ˣоԼĲһǰ㡣
֮
޴һڣΧһƬ޴ĽɫˮˮܵܵһЩƣٶˣƺ˺ܶࡣ
ָоرǿңȴӰܴˮҲ֪֮ΪˮԼ޷״̬
֮ǰһҶ˵ںúܴڿ˵󷨣֮ҲǺõġ
ȻӰ죬ˮӰ첻ˮ֪忹˴룬Ѱ֮ܵǺֲܿġ
Ի˵֮̾ͽúպǿֵסͶϽ
ϧˮˮĽɫ֮ˮϹһ˿΢ЦҪݻһ˶ҪĶžòֵһᡣ
׷
ɱ
֮
һֱýˮ紦̶֮У˼Ŀųˮžһı
ԡ
ϵĴмŽĲҺһֱ˽磬ֱӳΪΡ
ˣҷˣҷˡ
׵Ľ㲻ϵģˮ֮ǰǹɲˬɢЦ˻ƽս꪿Ž㡣
㱻е㷢һҶ迴ЦǶǲŵĿˮ˵ʵʵ̫ǿˡ
ķˡ
ˮЦʵ
ķˣģܴӮңҾͷ㣬˵ʲôʲô
û˿Թԣˮ֪αװģˮġ
ʵϣֻҪʵǾĸԸΪ£ˮԾԵʵܣԽҲġ
ˮǺҲˣߣڻʱ䣬ֵȥһ
ˮ۾һתЦ˵
Ҳһ㶣ĵ˵ԸֵܣǱǿܶġ
˭˵ֵһҪʵǿֵܣǶϿ˭Ҳ޷ͱദˣֵҪͶԵҸоͺͶԵ
ˮ˵ˮҲ֪ô˵ĻԷ壬˵˵棬㻹ǺģһսǺܲģҽˮоǿѵġ
Ҳǣ̫ˣԺҴ硣
㿪ĵ˵
ˮоرãˮҲ΢Цļ򣬲ûڳƺ˵ʲôûʲô飬֮䶼ǴΪȡ
˿鷢չƽͣܿģΪڴҶ֪ҪǺͶĶҪǺս治ϲˮͽ㶷һġ
ٴλصϣպ˺ܶ࣬ڴҲ֪ˮһҶǷˣһĽҲֻĽˡ
ѾõϢ£Ͷͻٴǣһκڱصá
һҶ迴Χ˵
ѾǺüˣȻǱҲôױ̵ġ
üһʱϵĺʲôĶѾɢ
ǲԴ⣬Ҳǲһ䡣
΢Ц˵ĿĿˮ
۾һˮڣս棬ӦûӮġ
֮ǰǸܵˮսĿֲ˵ɱֻǷԷͿֲޱȣɱɱˮһҶӦÿѸٵնԷ졣


1572 ֮
ĻٴξȵĿˮΪýô˵ˮʵǿĹ֮
һ˵ʵޣϵҲ̫߿ˣЭϣֻܣΪ˺һŬ
ˮƱ
Ҿֵܽãõѣ빲
Ʊ˵
ɱ

һźﶼǺǿĹ֮ˣһ֮һ죬֮ôƽͶΪĴڡ
ŮһҲŮһ壬ǿͨһȫеѪǾԿֲĴڡ
ǶǾԵĳ豳ûǿĿɽû֪ѪûȫڵʵɲСӡ
Լ֮µĳʲôģһ㶼ڸԵУǵںģǺͺһپһ涼ͬ飬ϾˣҲӲ²ˡ
Ȼʲôͽ⣬ǶԷĹ
һ뵽ͽӦˮ뵽֮ǰһҶ˵Ļ˵ͶоԵİº뵽ˮоǲʲôè壿
ϯˮͺһҶһȥϾˮһҶķȻһȥˮסʡˣֱסһҶĵþͿˡ
ûȥˮһҶ裬Ͼ˼ҷѾܾûмˣֻ֪ˮһҶ֮ʵûʲô
һˮһĴڣֻܴ󣬽ںƯܸɾ֣ˮһҶʯ̳ɵСϣڰһľǺܸߣܺÿ
һ·̸˺ܶ࣬Щ귢һЩ飬һҶҪ˵һҶļҡ
һҶǴȥˮģϧ벻õŮĴУʲô飬ҲĲ
Ծû뵽ˮˣȻҵؿڣȻôʱûмˮôǰľӦûơ
ˮһָоһҶĵò󣬵ľˮһҶ߽ȥƽһҶİҲһ˿˵ļ
ʱĿþĶǵ˵㣺裬ôҲû뵽һһǷ֮롣
ôͲܶǷ֮ˣѵҲÿ
һҶʵ֪ʣ˵ʱ˵һЩĻҲһܣһн
һʼҿǰ㵱ʦһĿֻĽǰоСһ
ˮ˵ܻ
ʱһҶҲļµʵԼ͸˵ˣǶʮǰʮʱ䷢˷츲صı仯мҲǶ϶ࡣ
˵ʵѾﵽ߶ȣʮǷ鲻١
һҶ뵽ʨ룬ԼŲµ˺̶ܴ϶ΪԼΪԼԶʮʮĿ꣬ʮ̤ʨ룬ˡ
ʲôأôġ
ˮһҶÿĻȣȻ
ǰһ߹ӣƺңԶȴǺܺá
һҶ˵ŵʱˮ֡
Ҳǡ
˵ŵʱ߽˵ã˵ǵãʵǺܴ󣬾¥һڲʩܰ򵥣һ˿㣬俴ؽޱȡ
ˮڲ֮ͨˣǰľûж֣һӦڱصãһж
ڷ֮һҶ軺˵ʱ䲻ˣںͶ֮ǰҪ֮ͨˡ
֮ͨ˭أ
ˮҲǺ档
㣡
һҶĻˮǴһģôҲû뵽֮ͨǽ㣬һ򵥴Ҳͨеġ
û
ˮ˵
ۿģֻҪһϧ֪Ǳˡ
һҶ̾˿˵
ʲô
ˮǺܺġ
һҶе죬˵ҪҺ裬źһˮ򡣡
ҿҵŮҲҴ⣬ұȱû뵽ҲŪˡ
ڼ飬⺣汣סֻˮΪʲô֮ǰ֣һֱڣѵԼҲŪһҶ趼һ򾡣ˮо֮ǰӦûбҪİգϾһҶҲô׶Ըġ
һҶ迴ˮ׵ҡҡͷЦʵͶҲֻýѣǹܴĳ̶ȶΪ裬ôӦ֮ҲӲԷɱˡ
ŮһôջΪʲôǴ⣿ˮ˵
һҶɫе㲻ȻŮ⣬һŮ˵õ޴ĺôҺҲǼ㣬ǲǺˡ
ˮЦЦԭͦ˵ġ
û˵ͱһҶŤס䣬ˮ˳ư˵Աߵľ޴ɳϣɳȥ١
һҶҪ˵ʲôˮѾ㴽ͷԵĿУ׷һҶࡣ
ֻҲǷϰɽˮôʱˣ֮жˮһοһҶûٷŹҪԼŮˣҸŮˡ
裬ǵǰ˵Ļ𣿡
ˮζЦš
һҶ΢Уѩ׵ƺˮѪţŬԼ
ʲô
һҶ˵
ˮ֪ˣǹģˮоӦûǵġ
ҵŮ˰ɣˮһſԼ
һҶһεɬĵͷˮ⣬˲Ѹ١
Ҽǵ˵Ҫ·Ҫ·Ҫʿ
쵰˵
һҶ޵޵סˮ졣
Ȼǵãû˸ǰֻˮǵһҲΨһһˣǣԶǡ
һҶ軺ˮߣ֣
ˮ֪˵Ĺж֣ǵͷ
һҶ軺ͷ˵·ɣ
ˮÿһҶ֣֪һҶѾ̫߳ˣһѽıס·ʲôء
ˮ˸ܴʱĴ̼浶ǹһҶҧˮŮˡ
һҶ˵걧ˮͷˮ̧ͷ
ˮȻ˵Լ·ʿ֪һβܣԺʱֹ뷿֮ҪʱһĿ
覵Ľյҧ촽ƺܽţˮʱҲһ˿ңϣס촽ǡա䡢񾱡ǡ
ˮһȽʵ֮ӿĿһˮûһҶˮ֪ǵһΣͻϰͣٴβϵµļˡ


1573 ʮ쾭ͨ˵ڶؾӰ
ˮٴסһҶʱһϢһҶдǺǿҵȴǺܰԵĽˮ塣
ڽˮʱˮԼϢҲҵǿѸٺϢںھѸٵζ
һ֮صһҶ壬Ȼٻصˮ塣
䣡
ûκһ쾭ͨˣˮ֮Уʮ쾭ͨˣ
ˮûü̾ˮȵٴͨһһʮؾڶؾͨˡ
ǰͨʮؾ֮һʮؾû뵽ôͨһؾߵʵľž޴ĹϵĶ٣غʵ
һҶʱҲǾȵĿˮҲõ˾޴ĺô˵ˮҲ˿ѷɫߺһƬĿ룬ˮһѪӿ
ȻŮҵõŮĴУҲͬЧһҶߵ
ˮһ㶣֮ǰˮһҶ˵Ů棬ŮĵһζźܴĺôҺҲǺ㣬û뵽һҶŮҪء
ҵѪҺҪˣҪˣʲôҶҪҵŮˡ
ˮֱͦһ¡
Ȼܵһ𣬵֮ϢڲϵĴˮתʱҲ̸һҶ衣
˵ʵۿɼٶţһҶûеõŮĴУҲ֮һھ͸˵ˡ
ԽԽӵʵҲͣʱˮ˲ȥʵӵʲô̶ȣѾȲɶɫǰҲС¡
һҶ糣һסˮӣ΢ŷʴǵĽˮƶƮĸо
еķһֱҹ˵ʺܺãһҶֲסˮĵַˮ˯ˡ
һ˿ЦգϢˮ˵㣬ԼŮˣһĵĸжԺһ˵ĸоһһ·ӵ硣
΢΢һҶ賤Ľëһˮû˯һҶˣۣ֪װ˯
һӲ֮һʵ֮ˮ̲סһϢоޱȡ
һҶһסˮзһߣһˣ
Զһֱϡ
ˮѹ¡

ǵĺһ㡣
ºˮӵһҶЦ
һҶˮˮĻһ㶣һ˵һҪӡ
һҶڴǰһҶǰģ˵һҶŮ
ҾҪŬˡ
ˮЦ˵Ů˻Ҫʱܶ࣬û⡣

ˮһӵʵҲ٣ʵﵽķ֮һǺֲܿġ
һҶ辭ͨ˲٣쾭ؾҲͨˮŮ˶໥ģֻŮ˴ͨһ
һһҶҲͨʮؾһؾͨˣܲȫͨʮؾͿĻԵˡ
ˮ뵽̨ջ壬̨ħУս񴫳УһҶǵõŮУŮ
棬ʲôпܷ㣬ŵǰ֣һڡ
һûȥɾһֱˮһҶ߳ãһϵʱˮܵһҶԵı仯
ͻһ֮֮ûһ˿ĸңһҶһһЦˮ˵УˮŮˡ
ټʱ㶵ĶһҶ裬Ҳ飬һҶϳһ˿Ȼ
裬һϲôƯܶࡣ
ĿһҶ裬ٿˮȻˡ
˫ˣֲá
辪ȵ˵ȻҲˣˮĿֹ졣
ˮе㷢ëϾ֮ҲһЩε顣
ɣȥ䣬ء
ָȻЦһҶˮ˵
ѾõϢ캣Ͷͻǡ
˵仰ʱû̫ĵģһڴ
ʲôʱ
һҶ˵
ڿӰ̫ϾһںǺҪġ
üͷ
Ӧϣܴ󡣡
һҶ軺˵
ô죿
ýվǺߡ
ˮ΢Ц˵
Ȼ㲻ǿģһ˵ʹǺܴһ֧ҲǲŲһֱ¡
˵į
ڽһҪͨ⻹һ⡣
ˮʵڵʵһӦÿԡ
һһĴڣһҪ֮ͨ²һ˵ģӦһģкü֧ǿ˽㣬Ҳܸı䡣
֪ˮʲô⡣
治ŪʱϲҪֹݾߣôҸоѣζУ˽һҲУοҲô
ʵҲи취һʮ֧ÿһ֧жһڣֻҪʮһδסǻǲġ
˵óһֽʮ֧һʮˡ
ʮǽһʮڽһģʵǿǰ;
д˵ʮǽһûʮһĴлϾ˽һ壬ʮǽһѪͳ⣬һĴҪʮ𡣡
ʮ̳⽫һƿ߾
˵
ڻʱʮ𣿡
ˮʳоϣƮ졣
ûеģиҵڵĵطжü
Цóһ
Ӱѣ
ˮȵĿŵĶһˮĴڣӫֻˮ֪ôʹá
ⶫǼˮγɵһֿԲѯλõķ
͵
˭ܲ˭𣿡
ˮʵ
ҡҡͷȼס˲ܲ̽
ô䣿
ˮԽԽˡ
ֻҪ֮ڵ˶ܱס˵޵ģžҲӣҲоơ
򵥵Ľ˵£ˮѾˣⶫǺöʱʵԺǿ˵̫ǿˣǲݲܣıϢҲûá
ڿʼ飬еλòãȻǷֹжٶȽԷסϢɢһʮ֧ÿһ֮ˣȻ̸С
ǲأ
ˮ롣
ڣ֪ϲѾûκˡ


1574 ƣת
˵仰ʱһְŮʱһ˵硣
ˮ˲׺£һο׺µʱǸоվڽϣ磬
ܿͰʮλøˣˮˣл㣬ˮˣȻҪһ
ȻֹˣǾҪ̵ʱ佫ǿƣ໥һҪСģýһжͲˡ
֪Ϊʲôˮܸо鲻˳鵽һ㣬Ҫ죬ԽԽûкô
ˮһȥľǽס𹬡
ˮƬˮ֮󿴵ľɫۻңĿŮ̫ˣһĳ˼ûУ˵ܳƵˡ
ˮҡڵ߽ȥܿͱˡסˮȥ·˭Ҳذɣ
ˮһ㶣д㣬ЦЦҪͺͶսˣǺĵҪȥԲߣλʱ䣬ǿɵ𡣡
˱ˮĴñӿһͨǸ֪ҲǣûбҪţֻķݣʱһ£˵˭ʹ˭
ˣҺֲˣֵܣ˵ʱǺܶ˶֪ģҲʧְ˺Ĵ£ǿˣǿġ
ˮ΢Ц˵š
ںԺ
ˮ˵ɫЦЦǵļѨǶʱ֮ǰһУһС
ˮҪһʱ䣬ȻСΪϡ
𹬺ԺĹֵ˶ûУˮʡȥ鷳ǽ𹬣û˻ģҲͨġ
߽ĵˮȵǴһ§һŮӣ߻ŮӣŮιȾƣֲֺ
ˮǵ˵һ嶼ǳӣһ룬ӦǶǰ龰Ҳϡ
㿴ˮֻûɵĻˣæƿߵŮЦôˣôǰк
ˮϹЦ⣬ӽпһ˿ңЦ˵Ǵ飬ϵĶԲߡ
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ƽˮǴ۵һ˿ң˻ˮ֪һͨˡ
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ˮŽȻ⣺ҿϵɫ̫ð
ѹɣûµġ
˵
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ˮЦ˵Ȼִϡ
ˮֱӽһɴţ˽У㷢ֵʱѾˣˮڵĴţԵޱȣֱһ־Źλеľˣ˵ھһͨһ
磬ǣ
ˣˮ֣ǰ;һƬɲ뷢ʲô
Ǹˣ治ǵá
ˮ˵ʱһѨ
д󺧣Ѩˮһšиȴ롣
׷꣬Ҫ˵Ż㣬ֻܾ㣬ɾͿԼˡ
ˮЦ롣
ھһͷԼ¶ˣһ¶ˣͨɱĴ£뵽ͱ亹ʪ͸ˣһαˮҪնˡ
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Ұʮȫأ
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ܱһԼͿôˣҾͲ׺ǽһѵΪ뿪ܻĸã
ˮǲ⡣
ҹˡ
ˮ֪ǵ裬ˮое㲻ͺͶⲻ뻢ıƤ𣿲ˮû֪ЩˣҪľý
ڻͷļ֪ԸԸ⡣
ˮȻʣȴѾԶ˽㣬б
Ҫô
ˡ
ˣϢסĶغһԼδҪ˵Ҳᣬ῿Լա
ˮ˵뿪ˣ
㲻֪ˮʲô취ҵʮֻҪ©ģͻýһ巴
ӰѵǺǿģˮѸٵҵĸֶûΪˮ֮ǰõ˽ơ
ˮصϵطʱһҶѾˣˮͷ
ӦÿԺͽһú̸̸ˡ
ˮ˵
һ̸쳣˳ϾһϱסţһļϹֻʲôӦ
ˮʵҲǺǳѾںΧ󷨣ǷԱҲû⣬ֻҪʱ֣ʲô⡣
һ廹Ǻܻҵģ޵ľǱѣһʼ֪ʮ𱻿֮󶼴㷴
ĻǸı뷨
Һϴһ岻ȴû뵽ĺѹһҲ׷ϣһܴ˵ʵͣһ岻Զһһ׼Ƕ
˵ЩʱЩʹġ
һϹҲоЩִˣоϺͿˣѾôڵ飬һεҲǾ֮ģǸоЩʱСһֱ֮¡
û뵽ᷢ飬Ϲﶼǽ̬ŵúܵͣһ̫ϴ̾˵һһǳеģһ֪ôǵǶҲһ
˵ˮֱ˵ģϾЩϹҲûжúûˣЩ黹Ҫֵġ
ˮ˷أʮûн⿪һҲᣬԶǽ⿪Ҳûа취Ƿµı
ɫޱȣⰲı쳣Ϯ
ڵĺȴǽ䱸ɭϣԴһɺƽ˼ǽƾͼƣҲʱɱԷһֲԷ䣬ԼһȻԽƾͼƣֻҪѺͶܣʲô֡
ҹʱ֣ʱ亣ΧҲеҰҹôԡ
һɹˮɶԴˮ֮ˮˮʶǿ˺ܶ࣬Զ˵ˣ
һҶҲѰ֮ˣҲܵˣͷȻֱӳ˹ȥ֮ǰԸýһػ


1575 ѷ죬ǿĺ
ˮֵĴʱǾޱȣ̫׳ˣˮУԱڿи𺳡޴ĺľ裬෱࣬Ҳк֣ܶ壬뻹ԶڿĶǱ壬ƺοսҲӶˡ
޴ĺ֮ǰˮ಻ͬˮ֪ЩܻܲΣЩһ׳ޱȣֻֻ޴ǰצ
ɫɫģҲÿֻе
ЩܻܲΣҼǵƺԶźܶͱ˻εȨ
ˮ˵
ܻΣƿǺˣǺŮĴڣ˶ˣûŮˡ
˵
ЩҲѰĴڣҲԶ֣ǾһĻߣھ裬ЩԴһֶͷŽɫһĶ
ͣʱΪ׳ĸ࣬ˣһ࣬һɫķΣͶһɴ
ɫӣͷȴǴŷ·һĻʹһĴڣָϣˮѾ֪ĸ˷ֱǺƿغ˺Ͷƿھ衣
ֻкͺˣͬҲֻھ裬ĺͺ˵ǺٵģھҲǶٵģƿߡ
ˮִеѪƺȼֹȥɱһҲͶԷӴһ£Էʲô뷨
һǰֿ߳һҶˮĿŵϣͺ˵ˣ˳ҺΣ
˵дԣ̬ܺҲºֻͣ˵ĻúüԺһ裬Ѿܶ˳
Բѣɱȥ
ѾٴˣûĲԡ
һκԷб
һβбһ

˵ҹ˳ǹ˳أ
迴Ŷƽ˵
䣬ֻҪ˳ͿԣŽǸǿ󡣡
һھ߳Ц
ȻŽôã纣ͶͶˡ
ˮʱЦ˵֪ԷѾԸһҶǹؼϾһҶŮͬȴڣֻǲ֪һҶѾԼŮˡ
ʼնǱõģֻǲ֪Ϊʲôᱻã㲢ɵѵɫϣ
ˮ仰⣬ʵһӾöԷ궯ϸľǱر£ǸоԼһһҪǿ̫ˣڱȶԷǿʱ򷴶᲻Ųæ岻һǸϲСһ
˭ʲô飿
ھ費õĿˮ
ˮ˵İģϾûмѣûˮκϢ
ˡ
ˮЦ˵
򵥵һ仰ȴúͶλƿǿŭʱǲſһҶ裬ٿ衣
ǸܵһҶǹǴѵϢûˣ˫ǿ֣һҶ裬ֻʣˣŮ˿ͻƵǰ硣
֮棬һ⣬ͬҲͲƣȻҲھͷĿ˫֮Ѿʼ˽١
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ھҲǷŭޱȣ⣬˫Ժܺõĺ˵ʲôʱͻԼԼһ
ⲻǿЦлᣬҲһġ
Ҳ˼ɱ˭ɱ˭ģΣ
˴˵
Ļеǿ޷ܣģŮֻǸƷһǿĴڶкܶŮˣһʵ֡
ˮԷĻɫǸˣҸıˣͷҲ㡣
ˮ˵ֱָסھ衣
֪ҿʲôôſ񡣡
ھҲǱˮŭֱվˮȥ
һ𣬿˭ɱ
֮ǰǸҲ˳
ǵ͵Զʤ٣һ¾û˼˼ǱԿ˭ɱԷڶԷˮǲһģ˼ֻΪһߣĿһҶ衣
ˮҺһ𣡡
һҶ˳ȥ
Ըǣһ͹ˡ
ˮһҶЦЦʾȲҪж
һҶ迴ˮ񣬵ͷСġ
ˮ裬ЦŵͷСģ׼ôȺսˡ
ˮЦŵͷ
ˮ֪ȺսһҪģֻڴȺս֮ǰҪҲ֪ҲôףҲ̫ѣš
ˮڵʵǺǿģһҶͻһ֮ʵٴξһЩˮóƽսꪣֱһӡ
ϫӡ
Էˮϵͨˮɲʹûϵˮľˮľˡ
ϫӡ⺣ʹԽĿǿޱȡ
𽣣
ˮ˲۽ŶԷ
ֱʱ˺ھ֪ǰ˺ǿ󣬹ֲôţǻˮҲǺһ壬ȻôˮҲˮ
ۡ
˶ȥˣһЩڽȴֱӱ޴ֱӽЩڽߺ

ͻȻһ޺Ѹٱ󣬵ӻֻ࣬һž޴ĺͷɽһϲ˺ۼס
ǲǳԽ˺ĺˣӵͨ岻߱ƣԽսͨӵ£Ҫ̣ǺҲϲϵġ
޴ĺһ˫޴ɫĴӣɵġ
ȥɣ
еľ޴ֱˮ£ˮǾ޴Ĵǰһֻϣˮ谭ӵôӵڲϵӣˮϵͨĺô
ˮҲе㼬֣Ϊ֣ԼڵʵƺѶ⺣ڳ˺ۣҪսʤԷֻܳС
˲ǺףǺϲϵĴڣǺǿ֮һ

޴ĴӹȥˮѶ㿪еĽŶԷ
ž
ѣںϴһȭͷСĿӣԷϵۼ׶ûд͸Ȼú˷ŭޱȣֻٴһӳˮ֮䡣
ԣ
޴ĴײһΧĺˮ籼ľ޴󽭺һһкǧ漤䣬Χܶˮ塣


1576 Ƽ׽𽣣òɴ
ˮѾȥˣˮˮݺˮҲԿ

ӰƮгһǴһˮһ֮Ǹ£ǰˮˮˣɢˮϡ

Ҳǳصģ޴˫Իס޴ĳ˼飬ˮѾˡ
ԣ
ˮĻƽսꪴ̽Ǿ޴ˮУͬһȭͷСĿӣֻⴸʵ̫ˣԵþϵĺëףȴǿԸܵһƺһ֮ǰϴ̳СӷӦҪ롣
꣡
޴ĺ˴˫޴ĴһӱӫϵϢҲøоǶԷƺ֮ǰˣ֮ǰ޴ˣڸһˡ
ˮƷ籩
޴˫·һ˫޴ĴһѹˮѸٷɭɭ׹ˮˡ
ˮ飬ǰ鿴ˮˣѹʱʱǾݵʱˮʵֳѾ޷ܵΣա
ˮ֣ˮܴ󣬱˿ѷɫһֶ޴ΧһƬˮ·ʹˮǾҲʧ
ˮƷ籩һ޴УˮУսԽԽ󣬺ĿˮڵˮˮƷ籩ʳࡣ
ˮž޴ˮУϱ鲻䣬ֱгɽˮˣУٴҲ粨һһȦһȦģоˮо򵥵̫
Բ
ˮ̫ϵƽ⻹ǲѵģгɽʶתˮû뵽õˮݺɽȻӰ졣
뵽˾У֮ǰˮ޷ʹãооҲˮʹã㲻УҲûйϵˮкܶ඼ˮϵͨߣһֻޣˮи·½ؿˡ
ħ̨յֻϹˮϵͨߣˮԺǾ޷ˮʹҲû£ɾ߹ҲǱ仯ܴڱ֮ǰ˺ܶ࣬ʵҲڱӦòѷɫϹꡣ
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ϫӡ
أ
ɽˮˮֱӱķˣԷˮƷ籩Ƶһ룬ˮֱûƽսһˮ˳ȥ
ʵˮڵǿȴȥûκ⣬ˮ뱩¶Լڵʵһεսһ˵սĺˡھܶġ
ˮȻúһǺܾȣҺǽаȻЩ£һκ˵˫ٴˮȥ
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ײ֮ˮѾ˶ԷʵԼҪǿɽʮµ϶ܻʵʹʮͶԷ£һײҲԷײϰס
ʱ򣬺󷽵ھҲѸٱ󣬱޴ĺҲǲѷɫͷϵھ޴ޱȡ
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ھһ˫ޱȾ޴˫֣Ƿ·һ˫һˮһģǧ֮ڶˣط籩
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𽣣
Ƽ׽𽣣
ˮнǿһźӶԷһɷĽ𽣹
һγˮǰĽ𽣺ܴʮ׳׿ٺǰ̵߳ĽһϽ⻷ɫ׵һ񲻰
ȻˮĹϬĳǿڣǽϬЧοƼ׽𽣵ǿЧ
ֹУйлЧҲǹꡱЧֹͷ·ǰǿ̼һһһ̶ȿ˻ԣ񹥻˵еƼ׽𽣴ŽӲӵĽź˴ȥٶȺܿ죬һɫһ
ۣ

ɫĳն˺˵һָ̫ˣȻ󣬵ͺ˱е̫С
쳣ŭѪӶϵָ磬ΧĺˮȾɫ
˵ѪҺɫġ
ֻ޴տɫγ磬˷Ǳɽˮѹȥ
ʵ˺ܵùΪˮĹ̥ˮƺΪˮǿķˣˮʵҲס˿µĹ
һֱ޼᲻ݵĺ˵롢ûǰʵ˵ǲԸǰʵ˲𣬾ǿǵҲǲ£ϺˮƷ籩ڴ󺣺ȫˡ
ھҲʶ˽ƺô򵥣޴һδһˮȥ޴һĶ¡
ˮҲٶֱгޡ
ˮ˲ٴˮǽסھĹÿһжֳµǿսˮʹõľǡ
סھˮѸź˳ȥ
е֮ѪҪŨ

޵ĳ֣һ޺𣬺˵ʵٴδۿۣˮľɽٴײ˹ȥ
ӡ
һ޴ɫ̨˺ϣ׷ͻ֮Ѿ޵ѹƣɽصײ˺˵ϡ
޵Ӱһ֮ѪˮҲǲ˿Ӱ죬һź˳ȥ
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˵սľ޳ֵʱ֪޵ʹǵĿǣʵǿ󣬷ֲȴǿ׾ٵĴǵķ
ֻһֻӦҪٶȱѹƵ룬һٶûˣǰֻܰ׵ķݡ
ɱɱȻǶˡ
˴ĺ
ˮôԸһҶʱѾˮǰķλ˽
һλÿֻҪض·߾ͿԣǺܱģǴԽṹԭ򣬺ʹĹϵһƺһ
Ӱһһ޴ĲɫƮ
òɴ
ˮȵĿ£òɴֱӽ˵סˮòɴζ֪סΪˣȻӦסġ
ȺһԵ˹ȥ


1577 Ͼھ
ں˾ޱȵĿ³˹ȥֱǿĿڳȥ
ͣ

޷ͺͼצɵĻ˵˽ȥ˵Ĳҽ˻ΧˮǷ
ˣˮĿ֮ǰǸھϣ˵ͶȨҲûС
Ź
޴ĺ򶼳Ϊ˾Ź򣬾ʱھ跢һУܹŹ֣д͸Ƿź
ˣһŪǵģǻɵΪһᱻã뻢ıƤǻǿĺġ
ˮ仰ά˽һ塣
ˮ֪ʱԷһȸϾɱҪúܶ࣬οһ廹ǺҪġ
ˮҪһһᣬܶȹһˮкܶ취ں
нһֻҪеӾ֪ô
ˮĻھҲһʵҲǰһڵһɱﵣֻҪɱﵻϺˡ
һǺһܴ֧˵ڵǿߣӴнס
ȻҪһ壬ǾͿɣ
žžž
ˮ˫ַĻܿΧͳˡɽҰĽһ壬һߵǧ˰̬̬ΧĺˮС

ǽһǿĴڣԾţ˽󣬿һЩһĴڣô󲿷ֵĽ𷢻ӳǿ
ʵ˫ѾˣȺսˮһΧһ߲ʱķһЩţˮѾҵԼõλá
س
ˮоŹпϵޣ⻷󷨣жҩоɽ
˵ʱˮϵĹۿΧϵĸԤһʱѾٶڱ֮УҶںƵ¡
ǿˮҲͲˣ

һҶг˾ͷˮޣˮ֪ˮϵ޵Ŀ£ˮǰеĴڣ޴ˮ߷緶ǵصѹھ趼еĺ
֮ǰһ˶ԺĴܴһȺսı㣬ھǱһӦøˣˮµʵȴǸ˲֮ǰˮ⶯Ѿȥ˲ֻһ壬Ȼھ裬ҲǾһе̳ڡ
Ѿعסںˮսھ衣
ˮгԼһЩޣޡŷ¾ԷȺ˺Ͱͷ뻹нҪǴΧ¾󻹸𲻶ϵ
޺޸Ѿɱ˺ھ裬ĺ˾ƿߣܶ࣬Ҳǧˣÿһһ޴ʧһʱھ趼ʮˡ
ȻҲˣ˺ͶԷСˣ˵ҲһЩʵģͶĶǿߣ߾͸ˣһɱЩһˮвһ
Ļòɴٴβסһھ裬ȻǱˮ֮ģ˺ھڿĻòɴѾӰˡ
һҶ;ͷˮޱй֮޲һѩ׵޼᲻ݣͷˮߺĬĽΪֵڻ
һǴΧػɱԷĴ󲿷ˮΪʲôǧټƵýһսȻǷסԷǿҲúܴܺʧ
ܴ󣬽һҲǾȫսΪǵҲˣǲòսǺܶ࣬۴ʲôǶҲҪսοһԲҲţԸԸ⣬ҪսˣΪһ塣
һ塢һ塢һ塭
ЩսսڻǧˮȾɫеĵطܿɢ³ѪҺֻȾϡ
ˮϵߣϵĳ֣Ҫҵǿ߸оŹˮݣ֮дˮ
ˮһξộںУʱӳսѾӵڿʼתźǿߺͶǿ߲ϵȥսתҲԽԡ
ͻȻˮܵԶ޴ĺ죬رǿңˮһϽȥȴǿһҶɫףĵɳȥͷˮ޷޴ĺסԷ
Ͼھ
֮ǰˮҲ֪ˣһֻϾھģǶػڣǶǿĴڣѾܶû¶ˡ
֮ǰˮûиܵôǿϢ֪Ǹ֮ǰϢˮһҶ豯˼£жǿס
ôˣ
ˮĵʵ
û¡
һҶ˵껹ûסڷڵѪֱӳ˳ȥһѪ˺ܶࡣ
ˮֵ˶ȹһԪѪƽ
ϾھǿֻǱɨˣ㲻ܺ潻档
һҶ֪ˮһͶԷսûֹǰȥСһ㡣
ģû£ҴҵŮˣҴȡ
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˵ʲô
һҶˮһ𣬾ǰ֪ȣҲ֪ġ
ȥǴžͷˮޣҲġ
ˮ
Ҳ㡣
һҶ迴Ǿ޴Ͼھ
ҵǿ׳㻹֪𣬷İɣа취
ˮǺЦ
һҶһٴζС֮žͷˮȥԶ裬ΪҲ˾޴ĽսϢӦǺǿˣϾϾھˣǿûɲ
ˮʱ˲ֻ֪ͨӽսһЩϹǰȥ֧ԮǣˮǶϾھ
ҪڶʱڷϵƺףѾﻢµط
޺Ѿˮ˹
ɱ
׷
֮

һ˲ͽԼ״̬۷壬ͬҲԷʵ˺ܶ࣬رٶȱ˲һ롣
Ͼھ޴ĺʵд󺧣޴һŤֻɫľޱˮ
׻
׻Чƺ΢΢ˮȥ֪һҶǱôˮֱѸٵϾھȥ
׻
׻

ˮӰһŻƽսꪳ˹ȥ
һ
ˮϾھ˫۹ȥ
һ˲佫е׻ʹ޵ʵҲǲͬն׻Ҳǿ˺ܶ࣬ο׻ǱеģֻԷʵ̫ǿĻЧʱԽ̵̣ԺԲƣˮﻹеġ
ۣ
ˮĵԸԳĺ䵽Ͼھ˫ۣˮ޹ȥӣ׻ʱ䵽ˣޱԷ޴Ƥ˳ȥ˫ȴϹˡ


1578 ɱƽ˳
ĿĴﵽˣûйȥһСź޵׻ԽԷģƺ͹ϾھʵΪ޶Ͼھвˮȫˣ֮ܳɹֻ޵ãˮԷٶȺͷӦٶȽһ룬ټ·ͻȻֱٶȽһжʧ󣬷ӦԲǿɹ
Ͼھ޴ɫˮһǿҵϹ⣬׳ۣʱ˫޴˫ɫҺøϾ
𡭡
ˮ֪ǰ֮ĽʲôǰһľʱȴǷҵ޺
Ȼﵽʵû˫ҲΪʶϴ޶ʺ۾ܶʱʶܵҲ۾ĸʵǸϲ۾ȥ磬ͷ׵硣
ޱȥҲǷһͺ𣬵Ա˳һž޴Ͼھȥٶȿǣβϵı任״
Ź
ϫӡˮʲƣ
ˮڵϾھٶȺͷӦ͵ͣȻӰҲǾ޴ԴеĻƽսꪲϵĹԶϵķ׻
һ˵һʱһ㣬ҲϾھ͹ˮֶΣֱӱش
ˮʱ˵УǸǸţϾھʹ˾޴壬ϵ͸֪Ҫһ㣬жϸٶϱȻҪۿۣǴȻĹ
ž
ŭƿϾھ壬սͱ˳Ͼھͬһھ֮ҲϾھر֮ܵʱὫвȥ
ȻһֱЧ˺ܵһ̶ȵʱͻʱʧȥȻֻΪ˱ģ֮ǰˮ޹۾ʱ򣬴Ϲ˫ۣȴȡֻܱȫֵ
ϵ˺ۻһ̶Ⱦͻʱȥֱָ
ˮĹֻй۾Ĵ֮ܳ˺֮Ǵ͸ЧʱһЩ˺
ɽϵĹڻޣҲԽͻϮڵľɽǶԸϾھҲһвģرǹһЩĵط޴ʯм䡣
ϾھȻɽĹλãԸܵľǶܣڶѾʼˣΪȣڶӲˮһЩˡ
žɽޣˮ޷˷ĹͻƽսꪲϵĹھްϡ
ʨӡ
ӡ
׷

ʱӳϾھϵԽԽ࣬󲿷ֶɵģоɽ˵ɽԭ޷ӳʵ

ϾھӰͻȻСֻ˴Сӣֻǻһ񱩵ļ⿴ſֲı
˫֮ɫѪۣ˫ۿˣ˫ܴĶ仺תΧκһ˿ʶſΧΣա
֪ǲ﷭ѾˣĴڣ׺ܴ󣬵һܴĵطĴڣȴǱһСϡ
ˮǾ޴۾ϵĿζ޷ȥʵǲѿһνʱֱӽйԽϷųһ͵СѸ䵽۾ס
ˮʵûаգйԽſֲǱ˺ܴľĵģǲɹĻİ취
ˮΪѸٽսѾܾûʹùйԽˣȻҲƿĿ壬޼᲻ݣͿйԽźܴ֮ϾһйԽϵǿǰֻްԵԽ޵һܽйԽϵ
ȥˣ
ˮһֱӱϾھһȭϣɳȥһѪ˵ĲģˮڵʵرǷǺֲܿģϾھʵٶѾˣҲԭ

ܿ죬Ͼھ˶ԴΧˮ÷ڸԼԶսĺͶġˡһͻ˭֪ơ
ڽʱһƽ˳ˮҰǿϢϾھ˿ѷɫ
ǺǿĴڡ
ƽ˱ƽ˴С࣬һһںȺȺ׿
ƽòϣ絶ж֮ɢǿİ˫ǿ׳ҪһЩȳƣǿ׳ȴִ󣬿ɿб
ʱÿѾһϢϾھµ塣
۾ŭĻ棬ܺͶĹϵΣȴϧѾ͸˺ܶණ˵֪ѾʺͶܶˣһҪǸܵСΣղųġ
ɽȴǴϡ
һ֪ӣƽ˵֪ϾھһһıǰȫģֻҪ˸Ҵ⣬Ǿͻ϶Կ
ĳҲǲĴڣֻŮǲܺƽΪĸϳҡ
ƽ˺Ͼĸĸûжǵĺ˶֣ǵĺ󱳶Ҳûԣˡ
йԽһصˮϣĿйԽһЩ仯ƺյǿһ
صѪ֮ʶˮҪٽˡ
Ȼɱ
ƽ˿ˮ˿ϵɱ⡣
һҪɱ㣬֪᲻ᷴ
ˮ˵
ô򵥵ĵκ˶ᷴɱԷͻɱԷײ˵ɱҾͲܷŹ㡣
ʶ¶ģƽ˺ܾúܾõĴڸӹ¶ֻкϾھһִڸУھǿҵĴһĴڣʲôʱȺ֣һʱľʣԼֹ¶޷ġ
ɱң˭ǿ󣿡
ˮЦˣʱһҶ趼ѾˣһЩǿߡ
ˮʾһЩȥսˮ۾һֱû뿪ƽˡ
һ仰ûƽһ㶣Ͼھڲ֮䣬ϾھʵԼҲΪȶԷǿ
ʹаɱʲô£ҵҪʲôıơ
ƽ˫ֳֳצһļ
гɶڶǲģϾھҲһ˫޴ֱֻۣرõ߶ԼʵŵĲŻ
δ󺣣
ƽѸ׳ֱͻȻתһ޴ͷһˮȥʱƽѾ״̬ͷϳֻӲӵǡ


1579 ɱʤ
ˮˣ˵ڵ龰ĸо
ƽ˵βǺܴ󣬵кȴһȫУˮ֮ǰȫе嶼ܺƽȡ
׷
շħ
ʱͻȻź˷ǿڵĽ㹻һֻڻƽʵе̫ǿ

ֱŻƽʩչǿսɵʵ޵ı츳սʵɵս
֮
ˮдֱӻ֮ʩչһˮһһĻƽȴǷ·˽һ
ر׾ֻŵĴĲܿƣԼѾ޷Լʶжϣ˷·̶֮Уÿһβʵĺܿ졣
ˮľŹ
ˮ򣬵ǰǿ˺ܶ࣬ھͻ˺ü磬ͱóǺֲܿģЧ֮ǰ°빦
ӡһЩЧǺԣЩѾˮϣֻԼ֮׷޵Ѿûƽ˳Բˡ
̣֮
ˮһڻƽֱӳһž޴ʯ̣֮ˮˮǽɽ̡֮֮࣬
ɫĹεľ޴ʯȻܳŻƽ˵ȥһᵽ̸оûʵÿһԪضǺܿ£ˮһˮ£һҲ£ѹͺܿ£Ҳһһ£ʯͷҲһ࣬ʯҲǣˮ۵֮ǱĽҪϬ

·ͻȻȻƽ˾ȥ㿪Ǳ̵ˣӲƤ̿һ֣ʵ˺ܶ࣬ǿҲˡ
ˮһЧŻƽսٴһӡ
꣡
ˮԼоģû꣬ʹ꣬ʹõʱɽʶٿطס˻ƽ˵·
ǰ޵סҸı䷽Ϊ޵ٶȺܿ죬ĺһཻޣ³Ӧúܲҡ
أ
ޱƽ˾޴˫צķˣȻѸٺƣΪ϶Ƕܲġ
̣

Ȼܿ룬Ǳ굽һֱ࣬ӳһ޴ѪӣɫѪ
Ƶ¿ԺӶԷһ˺ҲܼӴ٣пƵǿҲǿֻҪ֪ԷͿѹƣ֮ǰҲŲɹ
̣֮
ˮϵô֮̿赲ƽˣûٶȵĻƽֻǿܣԶϵʹ׻ûƽ˵ٶȺͷӦԽԽ
һҶﻹˮԿȴǷһЩ˾̾Ȼס˻ƽˡ
ǲ֪Ҫǻƽ壬޵ͻֲ̫֮ˡ
ټϹԼˮڵʵϷս⡢ս⻷󷨣սʤԷǲܣһʼˮ˳һİա
ƽˮӡ
ƽٴα̹֮ʱŭĴһһˮӡ֣Ӻͻƽ˼һģһˮɵġ
һִˮӡˮɢĲǰըһŰŰϵӣϵŤ
̣֮
ˮֱˮӡһ̡֮
ˮȵǣ͸ˣܿӡǾһˮȥٶҲԽԽ죬ˮͻȻоӡǷ·ǹƤҩһҪǱ˾鷳ˡ
ˮŶԲߵʱǻƽˮӡͻȻɽɫͻȻŴˮƶȥ
ˮͷۣѵһҪⶫˮնϡ費סôֵ
ƽˮӡѾˮƣˮܽƽսַꪴǾ˴ӡ
ھ˴ӡ˵ڰأǰ˺ܶ࣬ѾܾûʹˣһʹΪоƽˮӡеаţ˴ӡа
ǹǰٱ֮ꪱǹҪԵˮû뵽ƽսʹó˴ӡȻ˴ơ
ֻƽսꪻӳ͵޴ĻƽսӰǿҵķׯϳ޼᲻ݵ
䡭
޴ıΧֱӷΧˮȻֺˮϣٱٲϡ
ͻȻˮоϱʲôסžǲϵڳȥ
ƽˮӡĻƽˮӡ
һ뾭ЩˮһϢͿʼŰƻǱŰ·Ҫ˺Ѿһˮ֪ƽˮӡĿֲ
ǲһЩƽˮӡƻǺֲܿģˮڵͼѸãϹдţ߲ʵɢһɹɵǹɱŰ
ʹóƽˮӡĻƽƺеٿ֮ǰҪ˲٣ʱˮûбƽˮӡ־ĸо
ˮŻƽ¶һ˿΢Ц΢Цڻƽк䣬е
вԱУͶ̰̫㣬Ҳ㶼˻Ҫ
ˮ˵⻰޲ͣ׻кš
ȻޣžҽҲԩû뵽һҲһһ
ƽ˵⻰ʱƺ˺֮ܶ࣬ǰǸ㵶һһƺҲô壬ɣ˺ܶࡣ
ÿ˶ҪΪ鸺Ӧû뵽һ졣
ˮţ֪Ͷˡ
Ȼû뵽ǽ
սûʲôƽûжþͲϾھĺ󳾣ǿĴһĻɢֱӲһһкǧ
սʱѾʱ֮ˣ˲򣬵ͺͶȿԺԲƣǿȥǺܶ࣬˺ᣬڵĸа
ˮ󹦳һҶһ飬ˮˣһҶƲ̫أ˾ͲһȻѾͻһϵˮҲ˺ܾãһҶǳŮ֮£»һ㡣
Ȼսˮѹر󣬵ɱ¾֮һ˶Ҳõͷе
һһֱŷֿŽļˣɳֻᡣ
裬ʲô㡣
ˮһҶ⻬Ľ
ͻȻֻΣҲ֪㣬أ
һҶ豾Ϊһκһ֧飬ˮֵĻϾھͻƽһܶԸģȻˮֵĻҲһ֡
ңˮֽ˵Ŀǰҵ㣬ҵˡ
ˮҵõŮһĴУͬãҲǺˣϲôܲµĸ߰ɣһҶ΢Ц˵


1580 ףΪػ
һҶĻˮҲ뵽ˣߵŮ˶ڱ仯˵Ƕڽǲֻƿһˣ˵ΪˮŮ˲ֹһԭһҵԼķˮʵų⣬ʵľǺ£ﻹһ˵ĸоÿʵҲϣŮԼġ
ʲôҶֻ֧㣬ԶӣҵĻԶΪ㳨ʲôʱ˾ͻصߡ
ˮ㷢
ǲˣ
һҶ̧ͷˮ
ΪʲôҪ
ˮһ㶿һҶ裬Լһĺܺã˵ĻǷĵġ
˵˶ϲŮ˲𡣡
һҶеĿˮ
ǣڲڲ𡣡
ˮЦſ˻ղһ塣
С쵰Ϲ˵
һҶһ䡣
ˮЦŴȤȻ˵ҰͰһУֻҪҶ֧㣬˵˾㣬Сʤ»飬ˣһûкгɻʽء
ҲЩֻҪڱʲôҪ
һҶҡҡͷ
٣ôõŮԸ޸Ҹ˵أǻصپء
ˮ˵
һҶˮ˵Ů̲סЦˣˮ˵ѾǷˣЩĲں
ˮһҶ棬ͷ
һҶЦ˵ɣٲͺˡ
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ˮһ£Ȼ˴롣
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Ƿʯ˵ŮԸ֮ͻΪޡ
һҶ΢Цſˮ
ˮЦһҶ裺Ϊ֤Ϊýǽڷʯɷްɣ
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һҶ迴ˮĵĵͷûʱͦϸģð
ˮһҶ軺£Ϊ֤ΪýˮһҶڴ˽ɷޣӽԺ۷ʲô᲻벻塣
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ˮһҶ貢ûзʲôģΪˮоãʵûԼԵ˿ķ¶ģǷеģˮһʽһϵȹ̣һ
裬Ժҵˡ
ˮһҶֻվĵ˵

һҶˮеϵߺޱȡ
ˮĿһҶ裬İĵףǰһڵһУһμ龰һǰ
ʱӣһȾʵǿףˮ뵽ʱ龰һ˽ΪԼԼһңǸ֪ͼˣʱ͸ԼֻҪһҶʲôѴµɽԼҲҪ
һҶΪ˱סˮˮΪͽϵ׽һ㣬ˮû֮ģΪоԼ䡣

һҶ迴ˮԼºͣǰҡҡ˼·ʲôأ
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һҶˮԴˮһЩ塣
ѾҵˣⱲܵ
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һҶ˵
ҶûģΪһɳ档
ˮ̾˵˵˵ΪݾһнпܣЩսʱпһЩǳо绹ǺΣգǿ߻ûнӴʵĴڡ
ˮ˵뿪һ뿪ʧҲ뿪
ʲôʱôûˣⱲ۷ʲôҶŮˡ
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ⱲҵŮˣ±ӡ±Ҳܵ
ˮԵ˵
±ҲŲĵĻ쵰
һҶЦ˵
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ֻ˵˵±ҪңȻɾ治Ůˡ
һҶ֣˵
ˮֻĸоһҶĿеһĸоŮɢһĴ̼
ˮԲĶһ£湴꣬ϲ
һҶ豻׵һֻǺĻߺƿƲͷǰȥˮ֣Ҳ߲Զ
ôС衣
ˮǺЦ
ôУˡ
һҶ˵
ǽʲôСŶˣԭϲаҸģҸġ
ңС
һҶתֱסˮ졣
ˮÿһҶ֣§סЦҵСԶǡ
˵ĺᣬǿһҶ貢ûֹˮԼɫ
һ֮һҶ̧ͷˮһůҸĸоȫΪԼ֪ԼҲ֪
׳𡣡
ˮ̸棬ϾѾʱ䲻ʲôսˡ
ϲ𣿡
˵֧һУŮԼҲһϲһֱһķˣҵŮ񡣡
ˮЦ档
ûˡ
Ȼ˵ﻹһ㿪ĵģֹ֪סˮ˵黰ֹͲֹˣ˵˵ЩĿʱرĽ棬ԲôΣ֪ġ
ġ
ˮҪҲ뺣ɣҸǺһô
һҶ뿴ˮ˵
˶˵ˣȻû⣬Ǵ֪ͬͬ⣿
ˮų⣬Ҫ֪˺ܶģһսԼں˿ɼ
û⣬Ǿ˵ˡ
һҶ˵
ҿɲһֱں
֪Ҹֻܸϵʱ
һҶ˵
֣ֻҪ֪һϹġ

ȥϯѾ׼ˣ칦ģˮ֣ÿ˶еȣ迴ˮٿһҶ裬һҶǵͷ
Цվһ£ˮӽ쿪ʼǺػ
Χһ㶣ȫվĵĻǷĵģˮʵĿãˮѾûκμʣˮܳΪػǷĵĿġϲҪ֪ӴĺкܼѣˮǿػǵͶ˺ܴıϡ


1581 ڣȥ
ˮΧе񣬳лг飬ĿˮҲоرǿߵĸоĽǺܺõġ
Ѿ뿪ߵʱ˵ҪϢߺˣôҶĿģҺܿʹ˻Խ࣬Ϣٶǳ졣
ҲֻĲɣˮһҶ˶֪ʲô飬һκսˮҪģһҲźܴĹЧȻܺˮȣҲǲܺӵģȻԱʧ̫ˡ
ˮվƱܺʹһάҲܿģҵӣӰоļңҾֵܽãҲʱ̶ںǾӲܵģǸһΪ͡
ͣ
ɱ

˶˾Ʊĺˮ쳣ֵ֣˵飬˷ϲ¾ˬһ޴ϲ£Ϊˮļúʵ׳
ʵǲ֪һҶʵǵõ˾޴ϧûػǿߣͶػǿߣȻĲ࣬һֱУһ֤ʵ˴ʵġ
ںҲػǿߣҺᣬͶػǿ߻Ҫǿһ±ʱںˡ
ʱܺڣûкҩҪȻˮ˵׷Цӵ˭ܿˡ
Խûˮ˻ǣҲڵȴһ죬ʲôܽܡ
칦綼ʼˣûôԽԽǲ£µ֮ǰĵȴ
ˮȻĲһֱŵЦݣˮλͽ㰤ţˮһֱûп㣬ýӸоԼһˡ
ʱʧһˣʱҲ˲ˣ֪Ҫһ֮½뿪ֻнû뿪
û뿪ҲǺҲġ
Ѿȥˣô˵ɣ
վûס˵
Ц˵˭˵ҪţͨΪǺ˴󹦡
ҡҡͷڲðοˣʮϧϣýһ㣬ûйϵ
ʲôʱ˵㻰ˣ
ûпƽ˵
ҪͨУǴ⣬Ҳԭ
ķŹһ壿
ڴʵ
ڸѡһҲ֮ǰҪĽһǼں´ΣҲ棬оӴԺҪʲôͷ
Ŀ⿴Ž㡣
ɢýڲ֪Լ֮ĲǶôĴܶ˶ǲϲԼǿŮˣҲУΪǿһֳ裬Ǹоܲڡ
õĿ⻹лѾ֪ôľȻĵͷлȸˡ
جج뿪еһݻ֮һʱҲģŮ˼һ
ýһΪЧ˽֮λ
ˮЦſ衣
һںҪڴ׶Σʱ벻һ壬ƾΪʵܶǲģһ޴û˵ںˣԺû֮λƽˣںֻҺͽǵ
΢Ц˵
ҲǳˣЩ黹ҪӣŮһ壬ǻ۲ʵǿصĳŮҲǲΣϾ˻кܶࡣ
ж
ˮ˵
ֻ࣬Ǻĵ·ֺܶˮ򣬾˵ʮأÿиȦӣÿС涼ҲһĹϵ۸ӣˮһ۵ĴڶпǣһȫΪԼ¾޴鷳ɱ֮
ǺͶûڣǺ˳𣿡
ˮʵ
ͶûпɽҲǺûֻǱҲ֪Ǳ󵽵ûǳ֪붯ҲҪ
Цſˮ
ô˵
ˮ
Ϊ㰡Ĵڻúܶ뵽һһڵĴڣҲˣǻ²㱳һڵĴڣеĸ߼ڡ
ˮһ㶣ڣ˵ڶĴڣû򣬸ƲڣѾʱܶ⣬ݴ½֮Ľ
ˮٴ뵽廢ڣھ֮Ĳ໹ж٣֪֪һ㣬ĴԼѣΪʵҲܿ϶ڵԲܺܶ࣬ٸɲųһڡ
ұʲôҲûС
ˮЦ˵
һڿǺõĺܡ
˵
ôҡ
ˮȤ˵
Լ۾ֱûгֹ˺ɾҺˣһӶƲ
ɵ˵
ˮʲôʱ뿪ʲô㣿
ˮƺҲȤ
ϼ죬ȻٺǣԺ󻹲֪
ˮǷĲº˵ģ֪ͶǲǻڣҪͣϼ죬˳ﺣһЩ׼
һξȥˣˮһֱں⼸޸һҶһ˳ͨӹһЩһЩҩʲôĶһݣϹ뵽ݸһҶ裬ܲʹá
һҶȻŮŮѷɫ٣Ůͼϵ츳ŮҲ˿ѷɫҪǿ
һһҶʵоͷˮ޵ʵҲǴȹ̣ҲһҶʵӲ٣ǿԼõӡ
սһҶԼصսŮսˮǸһЩָرõսǾŹŹԺͺܶںϡ
ҲǴԭ򣬾ŹһЩˮ˶ѧˮĸ߶ȣˮе㲻ˬϣԼ˺Ҳǿ
Ȼʱ䣬һҶʵ;ͷˮ޵ʵ˺ܶ࣬һҶľŹٴεõͻƣҲ⾪ϲսԶ䡢ͻΪٶȺͷλҪ
ڵʱˮһҶ޼е˵ĸо


1582 յõͨ
ˮһʱ͸оˣͷкˮʵҲеŤϾ֮ǰʱӣȻʱȲѣЩ鷢˾Ƿˡ
һҶҲͣĵ߹ȥס֣ôˣǲʲô顣
˷ǲǾͰѽˡ
ЦŴȤ
һҶЦſ裬һֱе㲻Ȼ˵ôĽˡ
ҡҡͷм˵ûһöҲŲˡ
˵仰ģֻ˵仰ʱȴǳһӰӰԽԽˮͻȻı仯һңָоеţ˵ܣǲζ
˵С㣬ҿûе㡣
ˮ߹Ц
迴ˮӴʱԽԽǷһ˵ĸо紺磬˲оôҫۣȴǻһ͸
ػܸ㼸ŮֻнһͲУΣ
·ԶˮֻһŮˡ
ˮҭһ£ڨڨЦŮ̫ˣһ˵ĺûôʣŮԽ࣬˵㣬һĳ̶˵Ǻˡ
㲻仰˵̫Բǽ˵ŮƽȣŮ˺һô𣿡
ƽһ仰ˮֱƿԣһҶʱЦ˵ʲôʲôģǶƫˡ
ˣ˵ˣǲʲô飿
һҶæ˵תƻ⡣
ЦŵͷˮǶ²ˣʵҲìܣоˮǸˣֻһŮ˵ĻǾ͸ˡ
ˮһЩҪ˵ģ֪鲻ô˵õԷ޳ɣܲоѾܲˡ
ˮоֻҪЩֶΣŮϲˣкܶĻôӦпȡ֮ģȻһɶ˻Ҳȫû۹İɡ
ڿ£迴ˮˮҲԷԼˮһЦ¶һѩ׵ݡ
һ첻ȻƲͷ뵽ˮ˵龰һҶѾ˲裬һһΡ
ѾõϢͶıǱյѾõϢ᲻Ϊ˺ͶͷͲˡ
˵ʱһֱˮ
ˮͶǿû뵽ô죬ԸǾԲưոݵģֻ÷
յϢ𣿡
ˮʵвͬ½أеձ½й֮޲еģҲںС
ֻ֪յĴڣԶսз
ŹֵĿˮ
ˮѾо֪Լ֪ݣ˵ݲǶôأҶ֪Ůĺˡ
ˮڱҪԼʵ
ˮ˵ǲܵģҲ̫ģԼĵģֻҪǿߣˮоԼмܵס
Ǽ󷨣Լſʼó
ˮ׼õ󷨸һҶ衣
һҶ軹ûʲôȴһ㶣Ȼ˿ĵˮͷⶫںҪǶᡣ
ܼ򵥵ģᣬооʲôĿҡ

ˮһںΧĿѾ뿪ˣϧͻȻֵյˮòʱͣ
Ѿܾˣȥڼ˶˷ݣҹ˹ˮȥһͿԣֻǻʱȴҪܳʱ䡣
ˮ뵽˲׺¡ࡢƶˡ㡢۳
ˮҲ뵽̨诺̨գһ뵽̨ˮбŮ˾ͺ֣ôʱûòһϤл᲻»صǰ
̨ˮҲе޲ߣŮ룬ҡҡͷԪϣԺʱ䣬Ϊ̨պ廢ųޣˮֻδѣʱҲи׼ڱŪǱ
ˮݣ
ˮѾǵʹˮˣһʮӴĺвʲôɻǻͶʧúÿǰǿںĺܶ˶ںͶɲʲôġ
ͻȻˮԶһɫСһˮĲĽ⣬ɫ໹Ǻܶģǰ೤Ľɫٶ죬ɢ鶯Ϣرǿҡ
ʹˮϣˮٶȸɫ໹ǿԵģҲˮ£ûҪץס㡣
ˮ㲻ϵˮдٶȾԿأˮСоȻ̺ôǿ
ˮҲźܶɽˮŽ㲻ϵĴɽȡ֮࣬ǰֳһľ޴ɽ
ɽСʱͻȻǰһʧˣˮһ㶣Ѹٵĸ˹ȥ߽֮ŷһ磬ΣҲСžֱԲΣΧɽʯˮݡ֮ڵ
ˮһϲֱ˽ȥ
һȥ˫ýг
ˮ֮ǰ㣬ûˮȴζ
һȻ֣ûˮоر֡
ĵطǸһȾˮкܼ㿴ˮƺܺ£һֱʧˡ
ˮȥǽ㣬ܣĸ˵˹Ȼľ޴ӣȻĸ޴ȴֹ񹤵ĸо
ߵڵʱһɾ޴ѹˮһ㶣Ȼ棬ȻһֻһκǰĲһβʨͷ˵ͷˮǰͷģҲ˵ͷʨͷ
޴ֲѹǴﴫġ
ͻȻһǿϢסˮֻ΢΢סԼûз֪ʯ
һ˿ǿ󣬴ųһӣͻȻһԵˣȻʹԵһЩɣ
һЩϢֱӽ뵽ˮԺϢ֮ˮȵĿ񣬾Ȼû뵽µһ˿

Ҫһͨ
ԣսսһ־аĵֿ羫Իࡢȣͨģ޷ֹԵֹ
ˮ񣬾þòܻعһֱоԼͨʵ̫ˣھȻϬͿĵõͨͨȻԵȻͨҪԼǿĶ࣬ˮбͨսͨҲ١
ͨˮһ˲оԼʵܶ࣬ʵͷһսͨģʵӣʽǰһʵһսһ
ˮо֮ԼԵϵһˡ


1583 λã
ˮָʶʱѾȥˣʶвͨǶԾݴ½ĺҲһŵʶ
ݴ½ĺ½˿ѷɫռжϺ򡢱򡢾캣ħ
ֻǱһͱͨҲҲֻͨǺͱӦڱģ˵ϵĺͨġ
ЩʶҲˮˣǱһֻ㣬Ϊԭ˱仯Ϊһޡ
ںûʲôṥͬʱҲû˹İţõһЩʱҲһЩԶƽ
ʵҲûʲô˵ֻĽҲǵˡ
Ҳұǿ󣬽ôǶԺϤֻҪܴҵǰڣоǾƣԽҲܵġ
ֵĵطҲ
ˮѰޣ˵СޱȵģԼȥСֱսɾѾˮС
õ˾޴ôˮʱصĴڣһȻѨΧݣҶϡȱݺܾõݡ
ˮ׼ֽЩŪɾʱһ󲨶ˮʱȴǽ뵽пռ䡣
Ȼȵķǿеĵͼϳһ㣬ˮ̫Ϥˣǰ촫λõĵ㡣
мһλãˮǸ㣬ȻǸԽԽˮȵķ֣Ǹ⴦Ѩ
ˮرľϲΪﻹҪһЩʱ䣬ԺҪȥתתһܺõλãѸٴﵽȥҪ׵Ķ࣬оǿԻؼҿϾҹ˹ڼңȥطҲԣΪڿѸٵĻ
ˮȲŻȥôʱ䶼ȥˣȿȻ˵
пռ䣬ˮֱӽ֮ѹθɾֻһЩݺٵģˮԺ󻹻ݡ
֮ϲεջˮ͵֣ЦܱԼеľϲѩ̿һεջػΪػڣκˮֵκκô
ûˮȥϤ龰ΪһŮͼأǶˡ
ǰûȴǳǰһһڴȴʲôҲûУԵֵŮͼŮͼϾŮͼһŻŮͼϵŮӡ
ˮصʱѾǻƻˣںҲŰҹֻǲ𲻴󣬺ҪһЩࡢʯͷˮݡɽɽʯȣղ˵ҲˮµģȻвôЩǴ˵ûˮ»
ʱһҶһȲ죬ʱĴöЦڶһĪܡ
ŮҲԵǹŹֵϣһ֣Ѩˮرĺãĵ߹ȥʲôأôġ
ôǻģţʵҶܲˡ
辪ȵĿˮ
һСĹͻˡ
ˮǫ˵
ˮһҶЦˣ⻰ǳ˵ģʲôһСľͻˣ˷ѾĻ޷ͻƣգãͻƾͻưɣ˵Ļݺһ١
ϵĲٶ˵ˮʵҲǺܿĵģˮ֮һЩ˵һҶ֮ĹϵͬãһҶǻĵˮˣԴһҲˣοܸܵˮһеˣʵҲͬĵ˲һǻˡ
󷨿ôˣ
ˮҲûһ˵
Žššôڣʵѧᡣ
εЦ
ѧŹλ

ںʵܶʱֹԮģŮһԱ٣һҶʵһֱ񣬸ˮ嶼Լ棬ȻеʱҲǻϣϾˣǵļ԰Ҳûˡ
һ֮гһѹǣĴڣôпܾͻὫȡ֮һ磬֣һ廹ȱһǿߣȻܳưһȻǻ֮ǰ飬ϧûһǿߡ
ΥĺˮһҶ˵ŻһЩ
ȥУҪԼŶ顣
ˮҡҡͷ˵
Ҫʱ̫ˣڵŶҲУһС飬ܵ˵УʵҲ࣬Ĳûɣ̫ˡ
ε˵
ھڶ࣬˹ˣҪȥ˵׼ܰﵽ㣬˷չҲԺɱķ
ˮǿЦ˵
֮أߣȥҪʵҲе㰲ȫС
ɵ˵
£Һͽ趼ˣԶġ
ˮеĲ豭վ˵
迴ˮƽıͷһμ뺣궯뷨ѹȥ
źĵطȥ֪һεĸأĵκܸӣܶεĵطǺҵġ
߽һɽȣȻҲһ򵥵󷨣Ǻˣһƾ贫ͽ֮ߵҲǺܶԸϧҲԭ򣬲֪ˣһ岻֡
ˮǰСӵʱҲһ㶣һɫˣˣֻǱҪߴһϲ˺ɫۼףȳƵϼᣬɢǿɱ⡣

Щ˹
ӻʾǼЩϵϻ֮໥֮ϣˮһֻ㲻ĺϻ
Ǵеĺϻ֮ѾԽӳԽԽãԽԽƿأԺһ϶ǰΪһ顣
͵
˵һɫǲ棬һٺǺе̳имǿߣȻ㣬ҲǾҲһ֮ңȻһȴǵһĴڣ£ֻ֮ȥ
۷嵽һԽĸɽٸ۷嶼һͻơ
ˮĺ˵䶼ǺܴӦǸоǵǿʢĽ׶ΣԶ϶ǵ䲻ֻ龳ĺҪһЩ
Щ˾ֻڻеѾ
ûʲô취ǵʵ
ˮʵ
а취󷨣ϻҪǿܶ࣬Ӧ֪ˣﻹѪĵҩӦÿǵʵһЩǺһѪ


1584 ˰նѱ䣬յ
ˮڻܵĵҩܶˣóһЩ㹻ˣο൤ҩˮ˵ʮ󣬵Щ˾ɵҩˡɵҩҲֱһ죬ˮóһЩѪҲþʲôǿģ⻹ǿǵԪ²١
֮ˮ²࣬еһЩ̳֮ǵõһЩˮһҶ㹻ķ
ʱ䣬Щ˵ʵֱӷ˾޴ı仯ȻѪʼѵĺ˵ͻƳΪߡ
һú˿޴ϣҲû뵽ȵĿŷ޴仯ĺˣﵽҪٰʱ䡣
˵ʱ䲻ǺܳȴǸоȲ𣬰ʱܶ飬ʱԸıһС
Ȼȣ軹ܽܣΪԼĵĶܽ⣬Լʵ˾޴ͻƣһҶ裬Լڷž޴ı仯
ټеˣȻǰιȻ󽲽⣬֮Ҳ㣬ˮĵطϽ
ϼûʲô裬ǵǿҲһƽ⣬û󷨣ǲ֪󷨵Ŀ£ཻΪ󷨳Կñǿʵûƿԡ
ӿ󷨡
Щһ㾢ϵ츳ƣѧϰ󷨵ŮĳԱҪǿ̫ˡ
Ȼˮֱϸֹȥ󷨵ֱۣʲôԼ飬Ȼ󷨵ԱСˣٶȴˡ
ҪۻһЩҪλö鼶ĺ򣬱˴֮չˣ󷨼
ʱЩǿɹ¿ͷѣǸϤϤԼڵ󷨺ãʵвѸա
ˮʼһ߳һߴ򵽣ŸôˮȻɱˣҲˣǸôϣʲôʱ֣ʲôλãˣ֪ʲôʱãֿһɱ
彲󷨵Ƕţ٣໥ϣǾôǺܿͿԵģҪöԷĳ
ҲΪʲôоԿӰЩԿ϶ܶ඼ʦֻʵõ巢ӡ
ҲǶ䣬ܶ࣬ԵǷλУйǾеģĿѡƶԷнй°빦
ػڰʱÿƶԷеֵҲ°빦öԷĹۿۣ󷨣󷨶ӹͷֻӵĶٲһͻľѹơ
ˮҪľϤеϣǸ֪ԼǸУпԭж϶ԷУȻŪɳ׾ͳЦˡ
ˮкжϣЩʲôжϣһЩ˫ԣŻвУҲܽеģˮͿԴС
ʱһĹȥЩ˵ĽǺܿģһĽˮҲгɾ͸УЩһҶĻѾȡ֡
ն
ЩǰնСġ
ˮ֪ʱǲЩ˵ʵ۷壬Ҳû⼸ҲЩ˵ʵ̫ˣЩ֮ǰǲġ
ˮҪľҪǰڵʵȫʩչͨ󷨽ʵȫƳˮһ״çţĹʺϺˡ
çţģ㲻϶ô似ˮ֪ݹʺϺһ壬²һЩǿ󹦷
çţ廹ͱҲˮⱾçţԭ򣬵ͼĹҲеͼĺô򵥣봫˵𹦷񼶹Щһ߸
ˮѵ˵ʱһҶҲ˾亣ˣ˶
ˮЩѾֻǺػô򵥣Ѿصĺʦ
ʦûʦ죬ֻڸоûʸΪԷͽܣ߶ԷͽܣֵʱƶԷΪʦ
ˮʼƴ˼ΣƺûʲôãԾǺˡ
ˮ̵˵ΣһЩ֮⣬˸ָ֪ƽֻ֪յҺ鷳󲿷˲֪ɿĵţǰӿ֣Ͼ˺Ͷǰÿ˶ϣԼĹǿʢֻйǿʢˣܱİȫ
ˮһеĶΪһҶô˵ҲѣΪһҶҲð
һܺˮŮģѾ죬һܵʱǰ˽״̬Ҳʱһ߽ҵ˵ħˡ
һվɫѸƽ֪ˣȥɣ
ˮͨɫѾ֪Ӧе鷳ܴЩںֻܵıӣȴӲΪ£ħ˾һǿ塣
ľǿԺͺͥ壬ǲΪǵĿ꣬ԸԸں֮չӲΪ
ˮʱҲ֪һЩֻǲ֪һں˺Ͷʱ򴫳ҵϢӦ
յӦˡ
̾˵
ˮҲôģȻħ˵ûа취ͣħȻǿ󣬵ľ
ҪӦû꣬¿Ժĵж١
ʾЦ˵
ˮ˵֮꣬ǰǸٴνһѱˣ
һƽ˵֪ˣʲôһʱұ档
ˮ΢Ц˵ǲǲܣ
һҶЦµ˲ߣߵסЩҲǻ
Цŵͷ뿪ˣȫҷģȻҾͽɢʡķġ
ôͳߵֻеһ㡣
ȺʮνͳʮѾ룬Ȼƽ
֪ƽãЩҲʲôҲµòյһЩȴͷúյսѳΪˣǳѾ𾪣ʹࡣ
Ȼ󣬴Ϣ֮ǰѾɶǰսϢеʱҲεЦˡ
յϲǿ䣬öֵһѱ䣬ȻǱϹۣȻһ¶֡
ˮҲһҶҲǺܿõϢˮڲǶôţյΣֻҪڣˮھͲ¡
裬ǹȥһΰնСӦ÷һˡ
Щħ˵ʵͲףڱ֮ǰ˺ܶ࣬ʵս͸ǿˣϾս߻ǺٺٵģֻһЩߡ


1585 ħ˳գնСӳս
ˮһҶֱźȥѾõϢѾȥˣǾϹȥǺǧ֮⣬Ҳںǧ֮ϣѾ֣ڶĽһǽһӴģһɲСӵ
ˮ߱ţյӦ㣬һһ뵽һǿĴڣʵڵˮҲš
Ů㣬ˮоŮһǿ󣬵һ㶼ǿôǿ󣬾˵ҲǺǿĴڡ
ʲôпܣˮϡ棬ܶ࣬ҲҪһʱ䡣
ڵǺͶѾˣյָͶһˣյȥ˭˭ǿ˺ͶˣҪ˵
ڶԴûãʤܿܣԴǿһûöԷɵʵǲŲ㽲
ˮ뵽ǰһҽҸ㶯ȭͷҶȭͷҸ㽲ƿصģҪʵܣȻʲô̸
ˮΪػǲӦô¶ģںĸҪˮְһ˵
Ȼ¶ˣûǰǽһʱɽﵽˮЩ˶ˮһڿһûκβʡ
֮ǰˮԶƺƴ󣬲ҲǼ˴̣˵ֻСƣпһЩĸˡ
ˮһҶ˽ǿĴкˮҲĻӦȻ裺ʲô㣿
һҲǳʲôԭֻҪǱѺģҶǸۡ
ɵЦЦһ⡣
кļˮ죬ˮо仰ָģҲȫȷЦ˵ģһ޵ľǱ֮ˣû壬ⱳѣ˭ҲҲк³
֪ˮǰ˵ЦЦյѾˣƺԸ¶棬ЩӺҵǿΪ뿪ϸ֦ˣյһļյĴ󵱼ҵƭһֱʹּʵܴӺ뿪Ͳòӡ
ʱǸٴνš
ӹһЦˣǲдʲôˮ΢Ц飬ȻµһЩû˵ʲô
һҶЦĪһԮȣ
ǽһ˵Ȳѣʵûа취˵źġ
ˮû˵ÿ첻֪ٴΣܶûѡ񣬻ѡʱ֪ܽжԱȡ
ԼȺ嶼ھϵѡÿһѡ񶼿Ӱһ˭Ҳ֪Լѡõģ޻ھˡ
һѡ·ֻߵףˮоûбҪдȻҲųһɱ֮ƣϾڶ֮źħһ壬һǿĴڡ
еŽһҶ裺裬㿴Ҫô˵ǿӦ
ûбҪȥһ·ҿŶȲߣһԱȽϽƻЩţյǿ󣬵Ҳûһս֮
һҶ΢Ц˵
ҵˣһǿػأˮοҪˡ
ǺЦ˫ԴȻûʲô󷨣ҲһַλսУսӵĬ
һǽһǰ棬ϾǺǿģԸһЩʵ̫ǿ˺սǷǳЧġ
Ծŵļʲ֮һ󷨲ֻýһǿޱȣͬʵԽǹһġ
ڳ˺֮ܶ࣬󷴶̤ʵڴŽһûһԹԡ
λñԽһǸ裬ʱѾ֪ԭýһΪǧָһʼһܶ಻֪˴֣һ򲻻ڣȻ͸ϳһ塣
һʱ䣬һҲܼѣˮҲû˵ʲôˮһЩн֮ˣһЩӹˣˮоԼƿؽƿؽһ廹ûκģˮ½һ׳Ҳϣ׳ǵ׳԰ﵽ
ʱˮ˺ħ˺һ壬ħ˱˻Ҫߴ߶߰ףںڵͬҲһЩۼף¡
Ȼ࣬ͷȴž޴ļǣǶž޴ĺڽһɲҵϢ׺
һеˣֱֻצһȴּޱȣǿ׳̳һԣһ׳ǿߡ
յҴյ֮ǰһȫһʹ֪Σ
ħһ쳣ߴļһ˳
Ǻħе꣬׳ʱڣһɫۼⷢǺħеս֮һա
Ҳƹܺħһˡ
յ˵ʲô
ɱ

շصĵͺһĺ޴˫۶裺ôΪ£Ϊʱһ֪ʲô
ֻյһֻԸʶ䡣
˵Ȼ˵Ļ̱ܿȴǲ˸о̱оպܿ
ڳ²ٶʱһħסϴ󣬲ҪһʶѻͿˣץסˣٺúź
ȻִˣҲͲˣֵ׼֡
Χ˶ˣսһ˲˫Ѿ֡
жֵĶһЩߣ࣬ҽһʵҲףʺսֻҪǿ߲룬һһͭǽڡ
ǼԽһ˵Դˣϧھݽ𶼻ѱ䣬⻹̸ʲôء
ðնСӾһ󷨵ɱ¾Ѫһǵ־ˡ
ˮǰɱ֮˵
ͷðնСӼ룬һʱսնСӳȥֱ֮ӱһȻնСֻаˣ˾ͷ·һ޼᲻ݵĶֱ̽ײҡ
ˮŰնСӻǺģ˵ȫӳˡ
ħ˿ͻȻֵİٶ˵ĺɱȻŭֱһЩǿĺħ˳ս١
ĺħ˱Ҫܶ࣬ںħһҲǿһУںħһλܸߣҪǽǱ
ɱ
ϬĹϵ£м䲻ʱı任ֶΣҲأ˭ܿСӻĥϣֻ˿кܶ಻֮
λãľˮÿλöǶʮˣˮҲĹ⣬ԵҲԽռȫֻռȫ˲ܽӳ


1586 նˣǱ
ûΪһЩħ˵ĲıսʽնСӾһУеļ鼶߶ûг֣ǿ󷨣ѹѹѹˣ󷨵ܷӳ
ˮһ˵ʵȹȥǿ˲١
һҶˮЦ
Ҳʵ˺ܶࡣ
ˮζЦ
һҶбһۣ֪ˮ˵ʲôЩÿ˶ǳղ˫˵ʵõرһҶ裬ˮ滹Ҫǿ
뵽һȵ龰һҶ̲סӿ죬Ҳһ˿ΣڴϿһҲ˹ģȡ޶ȡ
һʼˮãʱˮƣֱó׹һԡ
һҶΣϲˣεܾ̾ˮϲķĶ϶
һҶ迴ˮǻȵ񣬲ʱĿԼĺ棬̲סŤһ£Ҫ
ˮСŮĵЦˣ
һҶ΢΢ͷԼָƽﻹǺܿĵģŮΪüݣŮ˶ϣԼϲǰġ
ˣ˵һôᰡ
߹Ц
ˮεЦЦյûж
һҶ跴ƽЦЦ֮ĹϵѾûʲô˼ˣ˿ĺܶ˽˵Ļ⡣
ûУҲ֣˵ǰսзһˡ
˵Щʱе㵣ġ
յĵ̱ҪĶ࣬ǿˮûж٣֮ǰĺͶҲֻļǿߡ
յͬǿ̫ˣԶսµѪʱǴģֻҪѪͻһֱȥ
սзһˮһԶ֣һʼֻԶսзʵﵽһ̶ȾͻΪսзȻͭսзʵ⣬졢ʡһһġ
֮ϻлƽ𡢽ȣֹ
ÿȼиԵߣߺͱĲͬΪҲҪܶģսзԶܳΪƽսзһĻƽսз˿ѷɫԶǰսзߣֱһսз֡
ˮܺģһսзĻһȥѡһֻˮ뷨˵ΪͷΪβСҲǵ֮
սзλÿ̫ˣҲһӴȺ壬ߵʵ̫ˣ̲Է˺ܶ࣬ΪֹԺܶ˶ѡ״Ⲣһ£ÿһͻԽǺԽΣգһʧǰ
յļֵܶˡ
ˮڳ˼һҶѵ
ðҹȥǣסǣնСӶ֡
ˮĥնСӣȻǰЩķƲʵƵˮ̫ˣõĽղ
ʵȻǺǿгĸֻǺܺҵģǱ˺ǿ󣬵նСҲߣ󷨺еĿ²ûϣһս
˵һڵĸߴˣҹˮǵһμΪ޴һϯ϶֣ʵǿ
ҹ泤úܳҹһ󲿷ֶܳ󣬲ŮҲ⣬ҹһĻҹɲ˵ǿŮֻûҹɲӰ
ˮǣҹȻز¶ĸ֣ʵս⣬Ч˳ǣסеˣɱУֻס
նСʣµħͷɱȥ
죡
֮նС֮ͻȻһž޴ֱŶȥ
ԣ
һ޴ı죬Χֱɳ֮УʯŰնСһΪͷһ˲ͼһʯֱӳʯ֮С
ħ˲ִӦսбѹƣնСӵĹõҲǴʯˮ
޴ʯצһħץȥſ޴ٴһʯ
ЩʯʯһֱӳΪʯһܴһڱΣޱȣʵֱӱ
ͻȻһϬɫһźصĹΣȻʯһûһ˵ֱۣӹԶ

һͨ󷨼ϿƶԷʤǿﵽɱĳ档
龰ˮЦˣնСӵѾˣʱԽԽǿԱ仯һ֣ιϻ۹ȡ
ͬĻкˣЩ˲֪ĴڣڿҲѪڣҪ֪Է߼ߣǺħһǿߡ
Ѿʼ˴һٺô£ϢѾûбҪֱ˴˳ȥնС˲
ҪľЧڲֹػмˮ֧֣һЩкܶǲ֪ġ
Ůһ壬һޱǿһ壬ûʲôǿߣ˭
ˮ͵͵ǵʵڹؼʱ̣һħ˵ǿҹУһÿ˶ˡ
߼ǿ䣬ɲǰײˡ
ҹһںҳǲûɵģһҹһ˴طҲǣΪҹ̫ˣҺܶʱбöһ㣬ҹһԹ֪ͼҲҹһΨһȡˡ
ҹһ壬ҰǴ˱ˮˣӮǵĺøкҳϡ
ˮһǹȫҹһ壬ΪܱѺľҹһ塣
˼Ŀˮоˮˣֻǲܿ϶ˮһЩþʩΪ
տֵܽɱŭĴǿǿ˺ҹģȴϡ
ħ˵ѪͳһǺħһѪԱһĺҪ߹ܶ࣬һҲԾӡ
ЩҵԺħΪڿħ˳˴һʱսˡ
յʵǿǲѺ֮ǰһʱˮŮʵǵõ޴ӣյʵѾ˦ˣֻǳյ˲֪Ϊûа취
пʵѾˣ֪ܲܿסյ֪ԼΪƷһѡٿٺ֮ǰǰȫģ˽⺣ǲյ۸
ʿĺħ˸ǵֵסδǱˣףյԼν֮ĺģͺܾ˵Ļá
ѾʧֵܣɵУԺˣյѰԮ
׷ɱʱ䣬ħֵһбɱʣǱӵ費׷ϣٴϢյӦÿҪˡ
յԱֲҪһεĴڣ˵ٴһѹˣʵ仰ʵȷУٷ֮ʮŵ߶ȫѹƱһȼߡ


1587 ǰȥյ
ȻǹҲǹ򣬵ʲôʱи⣬УƫƫҲв֮У˫ԡ
ԶǺҲǻ£ʲôûйϵжˣ׻ᱻԿƣҲԣǰҪǿ󣬲Ȼ൱ڱ˶ˡ
һٿʼߣҲ޷սʤʵ޷Խĺ蹵ֻ¿ת
ˣֻصʵ̫ˣǧ֮һļʡ
ˮ⵽ҹɫеãܿͻָ̬ûж˵ʲôĬĬ˳صԼȺ
ȻûɱԷҲɹǣסԷĿѾﵽˣҹʵһֱڲ֮䣬֮ǰҲ⵽ҹɫ֪и
Կ϶ֵӦˮصĺػһɲĸоһչֵʵס󲿷ˡ
˵ģʵڶԺĲˮ廹治֣࣬ˮʵôߴߣǲǵģˮϣߴҪиԭһ֮ǰĴͻᱻġ
ˮûһ㶼ΪʵһЩˣֻҪԼһ죬ҪסԺˡ
ѩȻˣﻹЩжģһ뵽˿ԼӣֱŤ
ʱƣԼûʲô˵ģҲԼľˣǲ׵ӱ˿ˡˣȴֻһѣѰɡ
ʱ֮ԴӦΪ֪ԼˣοʱֹҲܣ뵽ЩķҲ֪ΪʲôǸо
һҶҲо֮ƺʲôûʣЩҪʱ䣬˲ַ仵
˺Ů֮ʲô飬һҶֻҡҡͷ̯ôһˣҪſĻԼϲϲҲûʲôֵġ
ﵽһ˷ܵգնСӵǿǿˣҺ֮󻹻ѡ齨СӣֻҪʵܳԿ඼лᡣ
˶ǳ˾ÿʵϽĵģڴ½ʵʹӵһУնСӣҩսóѧ󷨡
ˮڸո˵һյӪ뿴Էǿߴﵽһʲôĸ߶ȣԺӦþҪյʵ
ˮеҲرһָˮƳɣԱˮӺܱȴǺܽʵһİκӰ졣
кԶʱԶͳˣȷ˵ˮˣˮˮҲ֪˺ܶ࣬ȻеĺܽӽˣǻᱣһЩԭʼ̬
Ůˣ˵ǿŵˮҲУֻҲûǰˮˮϲŮ˵ˮ
Ů˵۾е䣬ߵ۾˫۾ǱÿòôÿֲĸоǱ߶ϵĸо
˭ﲻ
һŮˮ˵
ӦǺĵ̰ɣ˭˵ܿˡˮЦ˵
˭ĵ̲ҪҪ㲻ܽ
Ů˿ˮ˵
ˮ˵ŮˣӦò֮൱ǰʮͰɣǺᣬıһԷ顣
յ˵ʵǸҴɣ
ˮŮ˵
ǵǵ˵ܼģ
Ů˿ˮɱ˵
˵ʲôְĪǷҪҰǴ򵹹ȥǽ˵ϱǵġ
ˮŮ˵Ļü˵ҪöԷ֪Լ
һô֪ǲĶ֡
һֱû˵Ǹˮ˵û֮ǰŮ䣬е࣬Ӧøһ㡣
ˮЦЦȻӰһֱӳŮǰȻ󻺻֣ٶȿŮȴ޷ֱӱס
ˮ˫ֳ˻壬û뷨ǿŮƽ˵𣿡
һܾǿ߶׳Ǹоǿǰͷǳ裬һ棬ʵķӦ
ˣ֣ȥͨ
곤һŮæ˵
ˮɿ֣ûҪǵһҲѪԼʵ뿴յҪʲô
ȿȡ
Ůȿ˼֮ź޺޵ˮһѸ뿪뿪ʱ򻹲ˮҪǻ
ˮҲûٸȥ֪յӦûôס
Ȼһʱ֮֮ǰŮ˻ˣһʮˣͷһˮԳˡ
ʲô£֪յ𡣡
һһñӾͿǿǴñӣյﻹûġ
ϧǽˮˮ֪Լǲ𣬵֪ԼһҪи˶ϣ黹Ҫġ
ˮˮԳˣңһԳӰӣѾˣҲ鳤ද
Щ岻ǻΣΪһЩ裬˵ȫˣǻΣܻε廹Ǻٺٵġ
ֻ֪Ǻĵ̣յôһֻӹ
ˮˮ߶Ů
ˮԳһˮĻֱӷеĽ˽ӣȻŭǣе㷢۾ˮǵҲÿûǸ£ȥɣ
ˮԳֱˮȥӱˮһԾֱӳˮǰûдһ紵ݶ
޴˫һ˫ˮȥ
ͨȭ
ˮβ˷ֱһһ죬ͨȻ
ˮͨȭϵѾһʩչˮֱƺ䳤һĴ˴ˮԳ˾޴ȭͷϣһ˲䷢һĴ졣
žͿˮԳ˵嵹ɳȥзҽмһѪˮԳȴǲ˼Ŀˮ
ȻԳ񼼡
ˮԳ̵ľԼǿ׳˫ۣҲͨȭǴԳĴȭֻǺˮʩչͨȭһеͨȭձ飬Сһ㡣
ˮˮԳ˵Ӿ֪ˣܱΪԳ񼼣ɼͨȭ
˻ҪֵģˮԳȴֹסȻˮҪǵ
ǵģ֪һܲܰҵĻǵС
ˮڲˣֻҪ·ȥܼյ
ȥ֤ܼͨ
ˮԳüͷ˵
˵ػǰ
ˮ˵Ͼ֮ǰԼˣѾػִ˳ȥ
һ¼ܿˮԳ˾ͷ˻˵еӵĻͽȥǵĵС
ʲôλ·ˮŴˮԳ˵
ˮԳ˵ͷȥˮ֮ôˮԳ˴·ʡһЩҪ鷳


1588 յıס
ˮ治¶Էʲôıƣڴﵽ̶ȵߣһЩʲôľûˣ͵ϮʲôþͲ͵Ϯˡ
ŴˮԳȥˮˮԳ˻ǺеλģΪ˺ܶ˶Ǻ𾴻ߺܿĴк
ˮȤĿΧһƬܴһۿߣûиܵвϢ
ˮԳҲû˵ߵúܿ죬ˮɲĸţٶȲûп죬ȴǿɵĸŴˮԳˡ
ǰǣҾͲˣǹء
ˮԳˮʹͨȭ֮˵úܿ˵ʱѾָǸ
ˮûлɣΪ֮ܵеǿϢиǿߣǲյͲˡ
ˮͷǸȥߵڵʱͣʱһöô̶Ѩ𡣡
һͣһƽּ˵ģˮû˵ֱ˽ȥ
һܴܿտ̸ݻܼ򵥣ȴشĸоɫһֻҰɫһЩΡ
ϸûʲôӵװΣװθһֺĸоˮŰĿŵмһδһŮȲ衣
ϵϢǿ󣬶ͬҲһ㲻Ϣ뵽֮ǰŵյƿصġ
ǿŮˣϸ濴֮磬޳ķ۾ظҲȻɳԸС
ˮſˮ֪ʲôݺãһۣüɨ㷢ͷһɫĲƽһš
ʱŮվ˫ȱֱ޳߱ˮҲͰôָʱ΢ЦĿˮ
յ
ˮԷ΢ЦòҲЦʵ
𣿡
е㡣
ɣ
Ůкˮ£һ衣
ΪʲôͻȻң
Ůһߵһ˵ûˮ˭ȻѾ֪ˮˡ
Ҳǳתת֪͵뷨
ˮ˵ʵ
ŮȻǲŵģĻ˭Ҳš
ӺŰһû˿š
ŮЦĸӿˡ
յֺر𣬲֪ôġ
ˮʵ˵
˺ûò㻰أôԲء
ŮƺԹ紺͡
ΪʲôҪţ㶼˵ﲻ̶Ѩҷѡ
ˮЦȻյƺˮȻά䣬¶һ˿ɫҲкôġ
ˮ룬Ůʲôûмˮ۵峺û˿Ҿ֪ԷޱȣҲǾȣһȻȵǶԷĶȻԼ𡭡
㶼ôķǣûкˡ
Ů˿ˮЦ
ˮһȻЦˣǵһ˵Ǻ˵ġ
ŶΪʲô
ΪҺɫһһ
ˣϲǴ𣿡
ŮЦſˮ
챻⳶Զˣⲻ̸ˣҸоӦҸˡ
ˮƽЦ
յɫһ˲ĲȻȻЦҡҡͷǾͲ̸ˣʲôأѵԺ͡
Ů˵Ц档
Ժ;ͲˣҾǿϲôǸʲôˣҲ֪뷨ҪĶʲô
ˮ仰ʵǺܲˣɫһѿЦһ
Ů˵һμô˵ˣһˣΪһ仰ͷŭﲻģ˾ڴʱҲԸָȻǰҲһ仰ˣ֪ܸĪɣɼ֪ܸĶôġ
ҸоܴﵽЧͺã˵
ŮȻЦѾ֮ǰʱһ㡣
ûлش֮ǰĻ㵽Ҫʲô
ˮٴ˵
ҵºͶˣɹ
Ů˿ˮƺ뿴ˮϵ鲨Ȼʧˡ
ˮҡҡͷӦòȫɣҴ촰˵𣬱Ǻ£Ǻгġ
Ů˿ˮͦòģʵǿ󣬸ǿţܵӰ죬е㲻̺֡
뷨ܻĵ̲סеЦãô꣬Ѿûж˭йĸоһЩѵԵ
ˣɿֲΪУԼָ֣оԽԽǿҡ
ˮŮ˵ɫһֱڻˮ˺׼Ҳ֪ڵ飬ֻٴ˵ôˣ
Ů˻ָܿҲƽЦſˮ˵Ҫ㣬𣿡
ˮʱɵ˵ĸоŮֵ˼άܶʱǲӣҲкܶʱ׽͸ġ
ĿŮˣòŮ˺һҶҲѷɫϾһ壬ֻΪʲô
ģֻҪͬҽһҶԷ¡
Ů˵ʱȻϳһ˿֮ɫޱȵˡ
ˮû뵽ʱ޸̫ͻȻû׼ˮŮ˻϶иϲˮϲСһ
һһŵǿŮˣһһ壬ǿյҪǵһμ档
ôĻ
ˮҲǺЦҲгɾ͸У˵֡
Ҳ֪ô£ѾСŮˣһ壬һϣҵҲǺģҲ㲻ţҿֺϤĸое׽ƺʶܾһ
Ůһκ̹ϡ
ӢڣˣҲӢۣҲܴӦ㡣
ˮ˵仰оԼװĸоԼܾ
ˮ˵ڸܹˣһֱûƸ飬Ů˵ĻҲȫţ˵ѾԼǱŮˣһҪסԼŮѾˣŮ˺ܶ࣬ܲȫȢ
ŮʱԽǾܾԽǲģյˮľִܾܸУ˱˫ĹľܾĻǵһμ
ҲƯǲһЩʲôԣҿԸ㣬ûйˣǰйһθ飬ҵֶûǣڸѶһС
Ů˿ˮ档
ƯƯŮ˾ϲ͵õϲ𣿡
ˮЦ˵
Ů˳Ĭˣ˵֪ˣɣһζ̨ɣһսҸ˱ɣһλҾͲ˱ˡ
ˮоеأһ̸ͻЦЦãҾ͸ˡ
ˮߵſڵʱһյðսзս


1589 Ͱսзս
ˮͣһҲûлͷȻֱӴȥˮӰʧŮһ˿ӣһ˵ꡣ
ˮȥ֪Ů˵֣ǲյȷе־飬ҲǰӰ죬ǰһһڲôܸоŮ˶˶ÿһŮ˶һΡ
Ůÿһ֮ŮһһҶѡ񣬺ʱ˵ҲŮ˵һЩ뷨ǲԤĸ飬һЩԼ飬Ϊ޷ˮһֱӰ롣
һˮ֪ǾһǺѣ˵ͬˡ
׿Щ뷨ˮ뵽ʮŮͼڻһĸһֱڷ仯Լֻ֪֪Ҫ㿪Ժ󽫻ᷢĸ飬ϧӵеġ
ʲôʲôʲôûʲô
ˮȥֱ֮ȥŮƺʲô飬ˮк
ûˣǲʲô鷢
һҶ迴ˮ˵
ȥյˡ
ˮ˵
㽨յˣô˵
辪ȵʵǱһΪԷ˵ѣҪ֪İر˺Ѽġ
˵ԸȢͻȫȥҲ׷Ͷ顣
ˮŮ˵
һЦˣҷʱ˵ĻܳϣһִҲ²˵ء
Ҿʱܳġ
һҶЦ˵ˮҲһҶ赽ʲô
ˮΣ˵ʵʱûţεҡҡͷҾܾˡ
Ҳ¶ˡ
˵
Ǹһһսһ˶һ˵սǳսзӮˣεʱǳˡ
룺սзʵǿ󣬱ϾھʵҪǿʢս壬ʵսرǿӦûûģһҳս
Ǻĵս̫ˡ
ˮЦ˵һҶӦòڰսзҲ˵Ůսʱʵǵõ˾޴ĽرһҶ裬ʵӺܶ࣬оͷˮޣҪ֪ͷˮ޾ǿֵϾھĴڣʵһͷˮ޾սʤսз
Ȼһжǲ²⣡
˵˭սȽϺأ
迴ˮ˵
ҡ
ˮЦ˵
ǺػҲ׳ֵ֣Ļǻҳء
ü˵
ǲͬػûдڻкܶ˲֪ػڣػҪһЩս֤ػĴڣҲ֤ػ
ˮЦ˵
ĻҲãʵ
ǴӦ
һҶˮ˵ҪСģ
İɣܰص˻治࣬ǿǴ
ˮ뿪Ц˵
ܿϢ˫˳캣ػսյİսзյֱ˻أǾͱյȻҲԷ
˵ǺػʵΣ
ںһܼ˵
ǺػǱػϾھͻƽ˶ɱˡ
ǰҿǺػ
˵յİսзԶѪʵ൱ĿֲӦһս
һΰսзǰյ֣ãǻƽսзսȻ治˵˵ʵʵյʵܶࡣ

ڱ²ʱˮںһҶڲ࣬ˮĳղĽĽϵĴϵĳˮ
ˮһһ壬ˮ齻ںܿﵽ˿ֵ۷塣
侲ʱѾǺҹˣһҶˮĻʱһҸСŮˣϹҸɫ
ˮûаմӮǸսзҪҴɣ
һҶˮ
ˮ̻ͦԲϴһ£ҵŮˣԺ󲻹ʲô飬ҶҪǰ
һμʱԼǰԻԼһеʵĿʼˮ͸ԼʲôʱԼҪΪһС
ӰǴ֮ҾʹΪ㵲סԺһУ
һҶ豻۾˳Ӽǲʳ̻Ϣˮһα
ڶˮһҶĵǺ磬˵˻Ͼû˯һֱ˵ֱ
Լʱ仹һ㣬ˮѾ˺յĵطʱ˫Կ˫ĴڣˮˮرãˮΪˮݵԭˮбˮ˿
ûжã߳һһĴ󺺣󺺵κأ˫ȵϥһΪֱ۵˱䴦ҲһΪΪ󺺵ϣͨѩףԿֱۼ˾һ
ǰսзˮзԶսзԶսзˮûнˡ
Ǻػ󺺵мˮ˵ֽУѩ׵źۼһĴڣǽһ㡣
ǣˮԷʱһ
ػһëûˣЦսз˲м
ˮûκεı仯ûзŭѾˮ߲ˣҲһ¡
һ᲻֪㻹Цܡ
ˮ΢Ц˵
սзҡҡͷǿʼɣȥȾƣȿʼһ͵ˡ
˵սзϷˮȥͺñ½ϵĿһΪ˷ֹɱʵҲ»ٻ
ˮӰһŰսзķȥھսз״ͣʱˮְսзв֪ʲôʱİ
ǹ潣
⻹ǵһο龰ֲԶսĺᣬʹòͬͲһ˿Դﵽġ
ˮóƽսꪣʵתһԶս壬ȻаգСһΪá
һǿз
Χˮڻı䣬ϵϢģˮʶһɽֱ֣Űսзȥ
ųľɽڵľɽǺǿģսзһֱеľ޴Ĺֱһھɽϡ
ԣ
Χɳܶ޴˻ɽҲҷˣսз˶׳ζޱȵˮȥ
ˮһսзİһĬԼԳһֹһ͸˵Ĺ졣
Ź
Ź
ˮӰѸٶ㿪ԼţҲûһҪԼȥԣһԿԻǵ͵á
׷
֮
ս⣡
ӡ
ˮѸٵʵս˲ðսзٶȱʵҲǴۿۣʱˮʶһɽٴȥͬʱˮ۳һ޴Ĵ֮Űսз´ȥ


1590 ʤ˷һô
һзĶһ˲䣬Ȼսзִһ㣬Ѹסʵ£ǽֱ۵¡
أ
Ȼսзס˾ɽĹʹ̣֮ˮʵӣɽҲǲС϶ܻЧֱӽսзʮס
ߣ˺ʮ׶ˣϾɶǳ£һҲˮ˴ʶսзʵ˵ûʲôв
ʵսзںܲˬƵѪ˭ٶͻȻһ룬ǿ߸ģͻȻ̶֮һ
⻹㣬ɵʵʧļӴӰǲˣʱս£
ˣɱˣǺûʲô
ԶսѪ
սзѩӨһȦȦɢ˻֮׷ĸӰ춼ûˣ׷ҲֻһЧˣˮԸоһӵʱԻָ֮ǰ״̬
ˮȣԶսѪǿڰսзٶȵʵ֮ǰ״̬˲١
֮İԵһû˭ܻ֮ܲģԵĻ֮ʵһУսзҲǾĿˮԶսѪһӣĸӰ컹ˣʵҲ٣ֻһЩرԵӰ첻߲ȫ
һֱûһʹóԶսѪ֮κθӰ춼ͽˣһӵʱԽսˣʹԶսѪ¶һЩӰ죬ӰսһЩɼԶսѪôԵ
Ȼ֪ɱǰֻڣȻһ֮ԼֻްڵķݣԶսзһ壬ܰܣˣһǴյսֻʤܰܣоǰ˺ѿС
Զն
սзԥһ֮εĹ켣ˮˮӴһһˮȥ
İתеУһƬӰˮ֡
ǰսзһͨɱĿ꣬Ĵһ㣬Ըһֱ׷٣ֱƣΪֹ
ˮŻƽսꪣʽֱһǹ̳
ƽսĹϬģҲǿģȴܽеģˮڵʵѾǲһǹѾСɡ
䡭
ƽսꪴ̳һ޴ĻƽǹӰһһһӰֱӴ͸˰սз趯ӰУһľ޴¡
ˮĺˣĵǣûκβʣڵǿѾԼϣǺֲܿġ
ˮҲǳֲҲСˮһʹйֹͣķ
սзҲˣҲûʲô󰭣ֻһѪӿʹͨɱ󱻶Է£һѾһġ
һִδйΣϮʧܵĺҲĿģһӣһڲܽ򵹣ôԼϣãˡ
սзͬˮһģ޵УǿķˮԺޱʩչԼȻǺǿҲ󷨡⻷ϻƽսꪵĹѾ൱ɹˡ
Ź
ʽ
ƽսʮȵһֱӽսзһкдңȶԷֻмܻ߶
ɽ
ôʱ̿ԼĹߣֻҪʶھܹļԺԣûзɣľɽ
ˮҲûˣôõɳ̫˷ˣĹõɱ糤һԴԴϡ
һˮоޱˬһ־кĸо
ˮˬ˼ϵսзȴƣмܣ޴屻ϵĹммֱе϶
ҲǴ˵ĴڣǱԷƶƺʶ˵Ŀʵھ޴ˮ޷
սзԶս壬ս׿ɾǱִҺƺеֱۺȶޱȣûָоһȴǶ̶̵һӲʱ䱻
֪Ǵ̫죬ϱȻ󣬼ԶսѪ״̬ıƽʱҪӿ
ˮûдôˬȻмҲ˲£ĸ࣬ûʲô˺սзȴѾϳֲٵ˺ҲǽѪ
ˮս£·Զ֪ƣ룬⻹㣬ԽԽӦ֣ԽԽʵսҲˮĸо
ȺϷ޴Ļ
ǺػǱģҲǺǿģôԽյİսзĺ޻֮ʲôʵ
ǰǺҪˡ
ˮػǶˣҲֻжˡ
˵ʲôأӦˮǶ
ˣҲѷɫֻ˶֮Һ˵Ҳϲˮػ
黹ǲҪ˵ϲϲǸòĵģҪľںΪֻкǿˣܱ֤ǵˡ
԰ǺˣǺĹ

յȴɽ˺ǱȴûʲôǼŵĿűհһİսзǳݵǿֱ߱޲ȥˮſ¡
ɣѾˣǻȥ
һŴԵˮһ֪˭ĸյ
սзһʱס֣ﲻʣ𾴵ʲôһü˵һյģҲյһ
ˮȻҲͣ
һӺǾͻ᳷ߣһεˣȻǲĻյۡ
Ů˵˵ҲûϢ
ˮû˵֪ĸŮҸߵɣսзȴҪ޴ѹΪѾڽԵҲʲô
ˮû˵ֱӷȥѾһ䣬ŮѾˣʵҲǸյ֮ǰһֱڿˮս
ʵжǿǼ񵽱ˡ
ĽſĵЦ⡣
˵ˣУʵûǿǱ𣿡
ˮЦſһҶ衣
һ˿įЦ˵ǽı㿴֮󽣸仯ҿȥǲʳ̻ϢҪ㻵ûˡ
ĻԹ󵨣һҶҲֲסϴźһۣҶ˵˽Ҹˡ
ǰ˷һô
ЦǺǵ˵ǿǿЦ˾ԽǹԿЦʱġ


1591 սڷɣˮ뿪
һҶ赹ǺǺЦǲġ
һҶҲЦ˵ںˮֻ֪ЩǲƶԷҲƲˣȻ׼ҪһУŮˡ
һ·ˮߵŮҲʶÿһǾɫǶǧһģÿһ֮ŮЩܸԸίԼγҲǡ
ˮһܸܵһҶ飬еΣҲûа죬ǸĿһҶ衣
һҶ΢ЦſˮʵԼʼҲߣǼȻѡ㣬ѡһС
Ȣһʮ˱ĵ£ⱲӲҵߡ
ˮĵ˵
ˣֻ˵˵ҲôɣҲҪҵĸܰɣ
˵ʵʵԼ֪
Ժʲô㣿
ˮʳ仰˵ڶʱҪ뿪ˡ
Ҫ뿪˰ɣ
˵һҶû˵֮ǰˮһ뿪˺ܶ࣬Ǿоȷġ
ţɣһˮչҪﻹһ㣬ǿ԰ѺǨһЩ룬ˮӦñҪһ㣬ֱｨһǿס
ˮ˵˵ĵط
Ůס֣ԼһҶҲһ㡣
Ƿʲôõطˣ
һҶЦŮǴ֮ˣˮĻȻԷʲôõط
ϴϡͿĽһˮȻһĶ֣ܳҸобչһʱ䣬Ӧܶࡣ
ˮԼȥյģһѨʱ̫ûбãۻѾ̫Ũˡ
ȥɣʵǿˣǺҲͰȫˡ
ЦЦ˵
ﲻһܶʱģѨӦúܲλúΣ󷨣ڸôߣǲｨֵ꣬Ҳȥ
ˮҡҡͷ˵ûʲô̫ˣɾʱĻﻹҪܶ࣬һ춥ʮȡ
ˮ˵ϣŮҲٿˮ󷨸ǣ̻󷨺ֱӴŮȥ
֮ˮһȺɽЦ˵ʵҲҲɽ
һ뷨һｨɼһ
˵
˵֮һҶЦ裬˵أ
治ʵҪչ뺣ҲǺԶｨλúǷǳ
һҶΧ˵
ãǾ˵ˣʱΧС⴦Χм䣬ȻɢʱǺһЩɡ
һ˵һߣŮ˳ĽУǸεĽڣ߽ȥŮ͵ʱˮһ̲סһܿסԼͣĿˮζЦݡ
ˬˮѪţһҶѾܶˮˣʱޱȣεˮһۡ
ĿˮһۣܿƲͷȻܴ
ĶӦһʶطȻܴ󣬵Ҳ̫Сˣ鸮ɨˣֵĵطһȾֱӱˡ
ֵϴˮŷֵģסˣӦǱչĵطˮŮϼ죬һЩ󷨣˳һսһˮѧս
ڷɣ
˺ֶǴͬģʵǷͻˣ붼һһƣսǷεµսֻս˫ս
һ޵սиȴǲҪ޵ģֻҪͬʱս벻һľͿ˫ʵһɡ
ǷǿʵɣͨͬĵĻʵӸ࣬ڶҲûһȷֵ
ҪܺͽһֱһĻʵӲ٣ϧˡ
ϧ˵
ʵսôѧǷѧҲɣܶ޶ѧ
ˮЦ˵
ΪʲôҪ֪ͬĵĻ˵׼һʵء
ҪǷͬĵĻȻãͬĵľԲ࣬Ҫ֪ͬҪĺܸߣ־ͬϡȽᡢۼֵۡʵ˫⡢ϲáöжϡԺ㡭ˣǧҪ̫ࡣ
ˮһ仰ֱŮֱ뱩һ٣ҪͬĵĻˮƾֻܿˣȻ˵㣬ֻǿЦѡ
ѧϰǺ鷳ֻһֹֻһսʱͿԣܼҲʵá
ˮʵһֱû˵ҲûдŮһ˵ʹãΪֻһһ޲ܷӳ
ⲻò˵ǸźˮҪѻ˵ʱ򴫸ǡ
һҶ˼ĿˮԼˮ֮仹Ǻͨģϧ֪Լϲ˲һŮ˿˩סģôŮ֪οͺüŮ֮Ȼ޷˵ķɶ˻Լһ˵ҪʲôģԼ֮ѾǸˣֻҪһԸͲǿġ
ˮ󷨺ܶ࣬Ůûʲôǿ츳Ҳǲϳʣˮ⼸˲ٵʹ󷨣ԱȽϼһģҿص֣ˮҲһоŹֵ󷨣Ϊԭͨˡ
ʱܿ͹ȥˣˮҲ뿪ˣһҶ᲻ãͳˮˮɿ
Ҫһ뿪
ˮЦ˵
ҲܶºȺչǻкܶʱģԡ
һҶ˵
ˮЦˣǵһοôĸԵĿرĶ§ס˾㣬ʵܷģСʤ»飬ڲڴһεļ棬һɵƶˡ
ˮǾӨĶ˵
һҶĺ΢΢֣סˣˮҽסôˣ治֪ôôǿ
ˮЦſϲϲôǿҡ
ϲ𡣡
һҶ谴סʹ˵
ˮ֮ǰ뿪ǰѾˣҲֻŻŻһ£չ˺Լ
֪ҲҪչ˺Լ

Ȼе˸Уܵ˵ƽˮӰһֱʧһҶ̾
ô᲻Ϊʲôȥ
һҶߡ
һŮӦúһ˱ʵľ룬ȲǣҲᷳҺңҸᷳҡ
һҶЦſ衣
ŮһûʸУûһ˿ظҲۣжϻ˼ϡ
ԭһĴŮҲᵣ˲ϲԼ
һ㶺ǺЦ


1592 ħ֮Ѫأ鲻֪
ˮߵҲᣬǼûжͷһҶ裬ܸܵǲҲͷһҶﲻܡ
ʱߵ΢һЩˮһҶڽʱƽһЩߵĺܿ죬ߵҲûΪһҶѡں·
·ܺãˮҲǺ⣬⣬ҲŮѡ񣬵ȻҲŮ˶ߣֻֿ֪Լãġ
߳ϿյʱˮĳһһˮдôãȻˮݣϻֱûš
ϿջޱȣڸƮѩܺÿϧһֻͽ˸еĸо
ѩҲǿģˣѩиһѩˣˮѩʵҲ˷ܵ㡣
ܵ˵Ҳ㲻һȥʵӺܶ࣬ҵһҶ裬Ӧÿģ뵽ЩʱűѩصҲ˳
⣬ǧ⣬Ʈѩɽߣԭ󡭡
ˮ뵽ǰһдѩʫʣƣʱоѩƾԳǰʮ
ˮڱϵѩͥŲΧѩһͽˮһѩˣˮģȻѩ䲻ϵġ
ɫȫʱֱʩչѸ뿪ƬʱѾ뿪ѩ򣬱ϾһоǶȥˡ
ٺǣ
ٴλصٺǣˮľٴη˱仯һʶı仯Ҳڲϵı仯ޡ
ͨҲУľı仯һ˳ƣǣںȻľĽһǾۻͷḻҲһ̬ȡ
ΧˣоٺͻȻһСΧ˸룬ΧĽǰĽľɫǲģȻ˵㣬Ҳȱݣ·Ⱦһʢĳ档
ˮǰڣϲĳ棬ϲǼǧʬɽҰĳ档
Ҳкܶ˵ԼҲϲǹԼԼԼΧˣںɵ˴󲿷˶ûʲôо
ˮЩͬҲͬǿǲɵˣֻҪܰͻֹһЩΧɱ¾һ֯
ˮΪԼôУ˵ɱǵ֣һȫɱ޹صɱ治룬Ϊھÿ첻֪ݶٴΡ
ͥУˮĳֺܿõ˴ˣõ֪ˮˣٺҲǺܶ˶֪ˡ
塢ͨӳɲѩŵ˶ǿĵ˳
ͨǰˮһܱѩŵҲǰˮһӵһˮҲ΢ЦűԭתһȦ
ˮ̹ϣһ౴ѩŵĵЦţЦĵһ˿Ȼ
ѩ;ٴѾ˴ûаԼŮϲǰԼڼСá
ڶе㻳ԼǲǲƯϱȲĴ㣬ӳɲҲ˿ѷɫģˮҵҴû
ҵˡ
ˮĵЦԴû౴ãʵѩŵҲǹģ֪Լһ
ͷǴˣҲ򣬲ϡ
ѩŵÿˮ֣ҲΣһ²ǿ仨ˮ飬ʵΪһҶԭҲֻѿѣǱʶҲڿɱͷ
뵽ЩҲˣһԵɣܿܺʱļ棬ҲһҸҲ˵лԼãúˡ
Ǵôûл㲻ƭҰɣ
ѩŵɻĿˮ
ƭʲôôԼҪҵҾͷˣҿȥ
ˮǺЦ
Ȼ󿴿Χ˶ڿһվҲ£Ц˵ס·ˣߣȥ棬Ѿȥ׼ˣҺúóһ٣ţˣһβٲִ뿪˰ɡ
ǣһһҪúõĶһЩӡ
ͨ͵
ӳɲŮ֮ǰˮк󣬾һֱ䵱ͣˮͨΪ⣬˵ֵܣԼӳɲҲ൱׽Ĺϵ
ˮӳɲ֮һϵʲôҲûзӳɲҲҵ˲ĹޣˮҲǺܿĵģȻֵ֮Ҳе
ȻˮΪֵԭŮ˲õģóӳɲӳɲҲŮӣοˮŮۣϲӳɲǲõġ
ˮƯŮ˶ҪȾָϲҪģǹˣڲҲԼ޶ȺͳܣˮѾﵽٽˡ
ڶһĵھΣĲ
ȻˮɴرյԼедţܴĻҲ˳ȻҲƽ
ĸӶǽɳССѾͷãޣֻ꣬ʼµĽ׶Σϲˮߡ
ˮ£֪ϢйϵȻ֮ɲΪԼô޵е׺
ϵܣҸо̰Ӧúǰ;
΢Ц˵
ðǽ˺ӣ
쵰ͻ˵˵
ӳɲ߼˵
ˮֻܺٺٸЦ
ʱٺʲôĶû
ˮóþƣæȥ˵ϡ
Ҫ˵ʲô£һ
嵹þͣһ£ƺһ
Χ˶û˴ߣˮҲĵȴһ鿾ݸСѾͷ
ҡҡͷ˵ĻʳӦóһħеļ塣
һ˵꣬ˮüͷһսʤеˣҲǣһֱֻһħеˣħ̨գǸˮеıŮˣȻħˣȴһġ
ֻЩʱˮֵõһģʵӣڵħԻӣʱԸı仯ħվħģϢһֱˮܵġ
һħеˣһ壬ս񴫳е˳Ѿ־ħеҲ𽥳֣ܾǰսħս˾ǡ
˵ħе˻᲻һˣ
ˮʵ
ģﱾģϧħеʵһӵ̫죬ϺѰסԼıģеĳޣҪʧħ֮ѪУǱܣһʥ֮ģȻҪɱ¾ɱ¾ħ֮֮⻹һְ취
һֱû˵ȴͻȻ˵
ˮܺ棺ʲô취
飬ֻܸıһУ飬ˡ˾Ҳи飬ֻܻء
ˮоĻַԡ
ͬʱҲһ仰鲻֪һ߿߿


1593 ţħУţң
ˮĬţ뵽̨յıޣ֪Լܲ齫أΨһƾķ˹ϵӦûӡϣһȥɣ
̨ڻûʲô飬ħ֮Ѫʵ¼ǿʱƲס屻ħ֮Ѫơ
ʲôأħе˸ı𣿡
ѩŵˮ뵽֮ǰʻ˵
ҵ룬ƺӦúѡ
ˮֻ̾ܵԺ˵ˡ
˵ʳħ֮ǸˣôллҲҸŮħ
ѩŵЦ˵
˵СѾͷǲƤˡ
ˮЦ˵
ߣװ졣
ѩŵܲϲˮСӿ֪ˮһѩŵʵ
ˣӵıˣ˵˵õħе˰ɣһ壬һˡ
ˮЦſ塣
ȿ£Ц˵һңõħеҲеһѣǴţħĴС
ˮıһ£Ȼ֪һɺϣǰĴţħ̫ϤˣʥˣԵĳǿڡڴţħͲ˵ˣҲû̫ĹϵҲǺǿġ
𣿡
忴ˮȵӲʵ
ûУֻǸоţħֺ䡣
ˮЦ˵
ֹ䣬ţħԶʱڵĳǿߣó湥ţֲܿġ
Ҳ˵
ˮٴ˴ţˮоһţû뵽ţħóţģӦñԼҪǿĺܶɡ
һˮû˵š
ţ˵Ǵм壬ŴţѪһʱͻȻڱʳǿͷͣ˿ɼ
Ҳûϸ˵
ˮжǿģҲûʣħеʵĿ죬ҵõҲ࣬Ψһȱױħ֮Ѫơ
ֲǱħ֮ѪƵ˺ѣ䣬ѪȣɱƫƫԼоûиоԼħ֮ѪƣʶѣһǮˣͷԽԽ࣬оǸûģ˷һҲǷչĹɣħ֮Ѫħ߲ûиоס
ааҲαһҲʱûȫĶԴǳǴԲݣݾ͸ñȻɣֻԵģûоԵĶԴ
ж𣿡
ˮЦʵ
аţһɵȻҵŮˣ˵ǲǺǷᡣ
һ˵Ǹ
ӳǱʳǵһ壬ţħм壬ҲͻȻţҳǿߣͷѾȫѹӳˣⲻŲãţһүţܾȻӳס
Ȼӳɲ֮ȷϵûӳɲɵģţӳ׵Ҳ
ӳү֪ӳɲ֮ĹϵϾҲֹһȥӳңʹȥӳ׵ģֻһֱӳɲֹ˵ٹЩӣǲ˼֪Ȼ顣
ӳүȻ˵ӳɲѾ˹ޡ
ҲдԵģҲϢģӳɲСԺϢǾͲˣֻһܣǾӳүѡ
ţҲ֪ûѣӳɲ徭һܶ˶֪һֱãţҲûкӳ磬ȴǰìͷָ塣
ٺǵĴ壬ڵţȴûаҿͬһεĴڣţֱܴҵá
ʲôˣս񴫳֮ˣٺǶҲһļ壬ţǰս壬ȴǱĴܡ
ЩʵչҲ٣ˮµĵҩս񴫳и⼸ʵͻͽʱڱˮռʱʵ̫࣬ˮȱǾǲֵһˡ
ţţҲһٮٮߣȻǵõħеǸţҲǺеλģӹţҵĴڡ
ţܰˣţȴǻˣѾս飬˵ֱӰһսݸˮ
ˮһȻǲǰģսʤһ˾óӳɲţҰ˾Ͳӳɲ顣
ţҰ㵱ɵˡ
ˮЦſ塣
˾ʵ˭һǹ⣬ļܶʱó
л˼һţҸǣʶľóӳɲڶŭ壬ĸҲŭͻӦ
ϧڵ͵仯˺ܶ࣬Сǲᷢŭģˮˣĵˡ
˭ɵ˵׼أûְ׳գҵŮעҶ
˵
쵰˵ʲôأôס
ӳɲε˵ﻹһ㿪ĵģԼںҲһҸ
˵ˣ̫ˣţΪԼǸ⣬ҿһţࡣ
Ȼţܰˣţµս飬˭֪
Ӧ𣿡
ˮʵ
սǱģ˴ȥˡ
Ц˵
ʲô
ˮЦˡ
˵ԽսҪ˾Ͳţ˵鷳ӮˣţɨԺӡ
ƽ˵
ʱսֱ˵еðʧڣˮˣĹǡ
ˮЦЦû˵ʲôҲ뿴ţôϾԺҪħеһЩ˴򽻵ھ׺ˡ
ʱõһ˹ţе㼱
ǸӣȴӵģúͨҲͨͨ˽׳һ㣬һͻ˵ţˣ棬˵ӵʱҪá
ңҵҪʲô
弱ˡ
ˮסʲôȾƣ־Ͱˣ˵ǰ棬ңҾţҼֱϵֱϵҰøȥɣԭǾͿˡ
ˮЦŻӻ֡
ЦǾһ
ѩŵǺЦҵһμҽԭҲô뺷ʱ򣬻Ϊһֱôء
СѾͷ˵Ҳ𡣡
ˮЦŶƱʹҺһ˵
ҿûô˵Լ˵ġ
ѩŵĵЦ仰˵ˡ
Ѿͷ嶯Σɲܾ͸ҿϲǵñӡˮװ˵
ҷػװϣǲǡѩŵеΡ
žء
ǰ洫鶫ˮ¶һ˿΢ЦȻЦߣȥˡ
ϵܣ˵֮ǰ˵Ļ㲻
忪ĵ˵
ʲô
ˮЦ˵
˵ţҼֱϵ޸ǡ
ε˵
˵ʲôʱû
ˮЦ˵һͷǰȥ


ʮ Ⱥħ裬Ůʫ


1594 ͻݣ
忴ˮıӰһ˷ܵĻ棬ĵĸȥ֮Ѱˮ˼ǣֻҪˮڣǸо̫ķޱȣʵܿ죬ֻˮ̫æǺΣ²ٺöǳ
ҲǸ˳ȥӱ߳ˮоԼ˺ܴı仯ٺǣĺܶѾбòֵһᡣ
ʲôţħеţˮǶôǣֻ֪ڵħʲôʵԼվһʲôϡ
սħһֱˮϣͨ廹嶼ս񴫳ߣˮоӦħߵģڵħǱս񴫳Ҫǿ󣬵ȻҲġ
¶ǾԵģ
ôʱѾΧ˺ܶˣˮõһЩ˶ڣֻļˣһڰˡ
ܶ˶ָָ㡣
û뵽ãǸɱģôʱôҶĿõģϰ֢òκˣĲգ˵ôõûңǻ𣿡
һ˲ΡΡ˵Ȼܷŭ
ǣһֱǴҽһЩҽݵˣǲÿȥ
ǲҪԻˣȻ˲ҪǮǮβȴҪʮٱǮеĸǮΣ˵ҽʲôƣ˻ŵ𡣡һСݻ˵
֪߶ͣҸоܺãѹǵǮƣǶǮҲڻǮε˾Ǹ֮ˣ˲ǿˣϲԼϵλôŵء

ǿҽˣ
ǣҽˣûˣҽʲôæƴҲ㡣
˵ܹˮͨˡ
Ҳ㣬ҽģҽ콻ȥҲ׬ˡ
һʱУˮһֱŵ΢Цʲôʱ򶼲ܺȺڵߵ磬ȺڵҲģڿǡ
Ҳõģܽñҳʲôӣұ֤һῪȥֻҪһţþͻԶȥ
ˮ˵󣬵˶
ҽҰǡ
侲һ£Ҫ嶯Ҫŵùңˮ仰зģο֮ǰЩǲȥûʲôãкܶҲмˮȥе㣬ġ
ˮСӸţңŸոտʼһâ¶վˮ˵
ţӣǵţ̫ԶˣСıնϣˮţܡŶһȻˮ˵˵ţܵžţࡣ
ˮŶһӣ˵϶ôĸߣҲң׳ףһļ񣬳ҰԵıһֻǿ׳Ұţ
־ͽսţܿͱ˵˵
֮ǰ˭ˮһǴȥս̸ˡҲʡ͵ĵƣ˵Ҳǲġ
ңøΪƽءţܴ˵
λ֣ȥ˭զȫ˫ӳˮţŵֱ˵
͵仰ʵڸȥţܱһ١
סǣһҪҵ
ţܿжֱ˵
ʮߣţܵķԸֱȥ
ȥ
ˮϢȻ˫ֽӡһ޴ɽֱǵǰɽȻǺܴ󣬵ٶʮ˻ûġ
˭ڸжҾû
ˮƽ˵עŶĶ
ɱ
ţֱ
ˮ֪Сţʲô̻ǵõʲôˣôţʮֱˮȥˮҡҡͷлƽսһӰֱӭŶȥ
ԣ
ܵһýǰ˾ķûƵԷķˮĻƽսȴֱӴضһغ
ɱˮŹһܿһ˹Եĳ
ɽ
ˮúͶԷȥЩ˵ʵĲʲôʶ߶ɽֱһȥ
ɽʶ
ԣ
ֱӱײÿѪѪۣܿʧھɽЩ˸סʵʵ̫󣬾ɽϵĶܻҲǿֲޱȵġ
ˮֱӿžɽϵŶԷԸ֮ǰֵˣˮһҲһȺΪū˶ѣԸǱţұȣ·Ҫ뵽Ľ֡
ͬһʱ䣬вϵķɳˣȱϣÿӳһΧ˷һۡʶǺǰһģǰǷᣬϣ塢¡塢ǵȶǣֻһǰͬ
ţܺˣΪˮǱ塢ͨǿҲǿ޵ģû뵽һֱԼļʮ϶ǲһҪ֪ʮ϶ԸҲʤ
ˮЦſţܣȥûӻŵûκκøУˮɱҪöԷȥҲõĻȥ
ҪʲôţҲǵģʶľͲҪԼڵ顣
ţǿֱͦӲ˵ˮ˼ֻš
ˮеĻƽսһ죡
ž
ˮֱûƽսꪴһݣڶԷزҽ˵֮ǰ˵ĻǼǵֱϵҰûָԭ죬Ҹʱ䣬ɣ
˵ˮֱûƽսꪵĿڽɣһȻҪҲһͨˡ
ˮоԼĹ֣˾ǲԼᣬţôǾȡˮڶԷ̬£ûбҪٿ˴⣬Ц
ţȻˣˮ֪Ҳֻǲſʼѣû뵽һ飬ˮ뵽ֶܷԷħм壬ƶԷҲܷս񴫳аɡ
ӳɲֻһڣⲻżȻԤıģˮ壬ȴҲܰӳɲϲ̣ԸȥˮԼˡ
Χ֣ʱ䲻ţмȥԺ￪ʱҽݣȻһ»صԺ
ȥϴҼȵ㣬֮ǰˡ
ˮ˵ͻطϴˡ
ˮ˶ȥϴˣȻûս򶷳涼ȥϴ裬ȻѪȣϰߣⲻϴ裬·ϴġ
ˮһֱţҵ飬һԼĳ룬ˮи󵨵Ĳ²⣬ħеʵ
ˮųǼŭԷˮ¶ԷԽǰţˣţţһٮٮߣˮϵѾţҷŭųȥĻܶ˶ȥˣʱ䣬⣬ţҾԻǰ
ˮ£һھԷ


1595 ûת죬ţ
ˮʱ򻹲ַ꣬ͨѾڴˣ˿ЦЦŮϴģﶼһүϴͿˣŮˣҪꡢʲôġ
ֹӵʱ䣬Ů½½ϵķѾµˡ
һˮʱҲˣħȻûбϽɱѾʧںǲٳˡ
Ҷߣ֮ǰĳ沢ʲôһˣ½ձӦΪҲҲͲоô𾪺Ϳֻˡ
κţҵǺѺͽˣǴҪСġ
𱭾ƺһ˵
ţһӦ̵ģţУȻţжԷӦ֪ǵݣ֪ǵһ
ͨ˵
ŮҲ֪ˮ˵ݣս񴫳ߣкͨ˵ĺܶԣħսǶģһܷһĻ⣬һҲܷһ
ˮЦЦʱĴͨĽǺԵģϷԽԽǺսĴߡ
ϸ˵ĺܶԣҸоǶԷ֪ǵݣһбħߣһεӦǺģӳСֻǵһڣԵˡ
ˮЦ˵
˵ڻЦĳ
ѩŵˮЦĺ˵
СѾͷǲǿǿޣŸˡ
ˮѩŵ
ѩŵϵıͣˮ˵ںѪӿοԼԼƽԼѾˣʲôҲã˳ۡ
ǿֻܾˣţʲôˡ
ü˵
ͨͷĿǰӦõİ취ˡ
ԷûзӦأ
˵
Ӧòᣬų˻ţܱҲǴţҵûţǲĳĬġ
ͨЦ˵
ڸӦõǽţҽʽ
ͨ˵˵
˲࣬Ҳеѹ֣Ѿ뿪ˣҪչ˺ӣǰȥˣο黹ǲҪĺãΪʵҪνãˮİ£ҲߣЩʲôǡ
ˣʱ䲻ˣɢ˰ɣҪõģһţһΪݣҲôǵġ
ˮЦվǷ
ȻҲվ˼䶼Ե¥󷿼ϢˣǶˣˮλϻ¡
֪ӷݺݳܾˣмһֱûлȥӱӦúܻܿȥһΣҹ˹ڼֻҪһܻȥֻǻҪܾõʱ䡣
ڲһˣںǸһλãԻصȥȻٺǻ൱ķġ
иһЩһ϶ԱĺôķģˮоԼӦûһܾһʱ䣬ڼǿԻȥġ
ţҵͻȻ֣ˮڹƶص˷ݵļУͶţޣǵõħҲôųŰɡ
ڶƽ˾һȥˣñҵһƬǽûʰֻںԺһ࿪˸ʱҽݡ
ˮһԺɹ̫ٺ䣬ʱҲģֻûʲô¶ȣǳ䵱õġ
ˮ۾Ųۣͨһ˰һˮ
˵ȥʲô
ˮֱ۾˵
ϵܰⶼˣţôûж
屧Թ֣ŵǺսѪ
˵Űͳסȥˣأʲôõʱ򱻴Ŀޣҿɲ㡣
ˮЦҲ̫ļˡ
˵尡ϣأϣǲأͨҲЦ˵
սֻսвʵ˵
⻹սˡˮЦ˵
Ҹƾеġ
뵽ǰˮĲʹȴǺԣһ뵽ǲȴˡ
ΪǿߺѣɫءˮЦˡ
úãҾڸ㵱ɳҧҧ˵
˵ʵɳˮЦ˵
˵ϵܣвС

һαףͷ·ɢˣſڵֱӳɲʱ򿴵Ĳˮһۣȥ
ˮû˵
Ȼ˵˵һΰоϵĻѨͨˣһεõĺôǾ޴ġ
ӣˣڰҡ
ܿģӳɲɫرģٴ򰤵ĸֵˡ

ڶƽ£ˮеģʱ䲻ţţסˮҪúùһţҵʵˡ
ˮѾųںţʱ䣬ţҼţֱϵ޽ãţôˣţҾˡ
ţҲôˮõͻɨأˮų仰ţҵţܻǰ˵ţûнˮС
֪ǲǻûзС
ڵʱϢã˵ϢٺǶˣţٺһָ̨սãϢһ˳ȥ
ϵܣô죬ţ۸ſˡ
յ˵еš
ȥ򰡡
ˮЦ˵
㲻ȥûװҪѹ󡣡
ٺٵЦ
ǼҺӳ˵һǲòͽҫˣһڹȥ
ˮ˵
ͷˮһ˵ţţҵ飬ûûܡ
ţһҲתעˮų죬ûȷıʾڻһ죬ûޣȴ˶̨ս
սÿԲҲԲǣȻҲԽܣȻҪһЩۣԵˡ
ʱ֣ţ˵ȵòӦսȨȻû˵ʲô˼ԲˣˡûӭսʵͲҪôţûʵŸŻ𡭡
ˮΧѩŵӳɲڣȥսûмˣĶ̨ʲôʤʤֻҪ˭վڶ̨ϣ˭Ӯ
ˮһǸ̨ʱһۿɽ˺ˮ˳ﱬ޴Ļˮи֧ܵܶԼҲкܴһֵģ֮ԻΪֿԿ
ҽģ֧㣬ţң
֪ߵغţʲô壬˵Զսĺˣʵս֮Ѫ
˵ţħţظ֣һùҪ鷳ˡ
ǿɲ˵ҽӦдͨţҲÿռˡ



1596 ٻٱޣٻٻ
Χģ˵ʲôĶУЩˮо·һ˶̨ϣʱվһǿ׳ˡ˺ǿ׳ˮּļţ˶һص㣬رǿ׳˻ۡŨüڣֱ
˿õǰţ˰ȻҲˣȻˮڵķЦţڴޣһսţһս֪õǸдһ¡
Ķ̨ҲòУսûй򣬳䣬һͿöԷֹͣȻǴΣߴĲжҲжϳߵˡ
һսҪ򡣡
ѩŵˮ˵
ˮû˵ֻҪһ̨ͱʾսˣԷϾԱԼһҪ˺ܶ࣬ǰҲ˵ȥԼʵҲǱʾˡ
ͷܶԸԲ
ѩŵ˵Ϊˮ˲˵
ˮЦЦԴҲ䣬ȥԣһ㣬ֻҪоУ䣬ˣȻԺҲϳ
ѩŵЦŵͷнѹ󣬷нǰȫʧܶ¡
ѩŵˮĻǺܿĵģܴʲôǶȳǹԼġ
Ӯǵ˵һ仰õ黹ǲ䣬ʱ䣬ţҼֱϵ޸ǣȻûǻᡣ
ˮΣҡҡͷЦѩŵ˵
ѩŵһ㶣Цŵͷһ˵仰ġ
ȥɣǵ˵ĻˣԺͲκս
ˮӻȥˡ
ѩŵˮɰЦЦӰһһֻ׺һɵ̨ϡ
ѩŵѩҴС㣬ôʱ䣬ʵ֮ǰҪǿܶ౶Ҳ˺ܶ࣬վĸ߿Զѩŵļʶǰǿ˺ܶܶࡣ
ѩŵڶ̨Ͽ׳ţһˣɣ
룡
ţƺҲǶ໰ˣѩŵֱ֮ã˵ֱſзȥ
ѩŵҲӰóһٻٱޣˮͽ󶯴ѩŵڱϵҲǴﵽһֲĳ̶ȡ
ٻٱҲˮģٻҲݡѣΡˡ񡭡ֻǺõĶǸԼģĶǸԷġ
ٻٱȻƲϴ˵ʵöȴ˵˿ˮ֮õһ
ˮĶǺֲܿģôʱҲ˲٣ÿ춼ϰɾµĺöҲ٣˵¼ʲôҲ˲١
ѩŵʹһ˵ڼףҲǲѷɫڴ˵ĴڣѥӵȣЩѾʵˮ֮ս֪սʤǸţǺ׵ġ
ѩŵҲûпţ˵㶯ְɡֱ֮ţȥаٻٱɵŶȥ
ţһѻ޴ĸӣڵ÷һڵסӡ
ѩŵٻٱ޽ţ֮ʱǿҵľѾţͷͬʱٻٱһɵĻһ
ţҲǼʶ㣬Ҳ֪ԲǺöԱס
߳
ţĸͷסѩŵİٻٱޣѩŵıһƹȥͻȻһֻһȻţȥ
߳ٶǿֲģһ˲ٶܶȥ治࣬ˮڶʹһУ䲻⣬ð顣
ѩŵʵͱţǿʹóֱ߳ԼЧֱӴ˶ͷһѪ֣ȻҲȴƻȥֱĶ̨ȥ
һУ
ѩŵһֱӽţȥţһʼֻ˵˼֣Ȼһ£ûȫȥֱӱ
ѩŵóٶȣߵٶ·ߣ·ߣţȴȫ෴ٶ㣬͵ģȻһǧɣϧţѩŵɣԺ׵ıܡ
ţҲ֪ڲǸ仰ϴξ˵ģϣܴļ˰һ޸ĺãһ죬˵ûǻᣬȻǿΪ˵󻰣ÿ˶ҪΪ鸺𣬼ȻңҪǺճ
ѩŵȥˮЦſѩŵѾͷеġ
ҰѾͷȻôҾĳѵѵ㡣
ȥһͷ߰׵߳ڶ̨ϣѩŵɫࡣ
ʲôѵңĺ󱲶ѵãܱˣҲҪʸ񡣡
ѩŵŶС߾ᡣ
˺֮ǰţͯһӰСС۾죬ͷռϺôȻߣһ˫۾ȴģʱѩŵϿȥ
ţҵһ࣬ţҾһСĴڣܶഫԲ²ţҵ֣ǲҲû֤ʵţȻ˵ţˣ鲻֤Ϊٶͻţɨء
ѩŵ˵ɫ˵񣬺ֹѩŵ񣬾ܶҲ˯֪ţΪʲô
ǱСţߣţһ࣬似ҲҰ·ӣ廨ŶǺܾͨܶʱ벻顣
С᲻£
Ӧû°ɣõˣҽһа취Ԥġ

һѩŵֱһԲţߴһޣٻٱһ޴һţȥ
ѩŵţߵʵϲǿþԵѹƶԷοѩŵڼҲҪţߵģ󶯵սǺϵεġ
ţһ߳ĺڹӺһһ߳ذףӰţ֮Գһңһֻ
ţľǶ󹦣ԵܶĹóʹɱҲǺǿ
ţߵܹ죬յıܿѩŵĹ˫û˿ţɼԶ㿪ѩŵĹǺаյġ
ѩŵûлţţӰʱӰҲڶұţ٣еİٻٱȻһ䡣
֮ǰĸϬ紺һ˿˿ۣӰѸٵĶãΧ·֯һŰٻ
ٻ
ͻȻΧİٻٱӰγһ״ֱţ߰ȥ
ʱţоâһһֱûʹõĺɫͻȻӶΧγһɫԽԽŪеذҲԽͻȻѩŵȥ
ٻƣ
ѩŵеİٻٱһӱñֱֱǻдȥһٻ貣ٻһ㡣
أ
޴ı𣬻ѣѩŵվԭأţȴӰĺˣһ˿ѪеĺɫҲ֪ȥˣֻʣһһذףȴǶϵһ롣
ѩŵӰǰ̤һ
ˣţæ˵˵䣬ˣЧһȴǿԱȫһӡ
ѩŵûж˵ţ̾įȥˮ澫ӵѩŵҲЦЦǸոտʼ쿴Ҫúôˡ
ţѾȥһ˵лģһһսʤѩŵ


1597 ѩŵ󶯣ͨս
ˮֱѩŵģоһЩ飬ϾҲǳˣԼҲչһӣɳʲôá
ѩŵϿҲֻͣƬ̣ţٴȥһߣһţˣθߴ࣬һɫִۣĺһĶ
ˮӰжϢĽϾ֪ѩŵĶ֣ѩŵ˫ȴǳ˶־֪ѩŵһ̣һºܴźĽᡣ
СҲ۸㣬㻹ɣӦܸо㲻ҵĶ֡
˵ʮ㣬̹ϡ
ѩŵҡҡͷô֪Ҳġ
ѩŵҲ֪ԷʵԼǿ󣬵ֱ䣬еİٻٱ޲ϵţ·һֻ鶯ߡ
ȻǾͿʼɣۣСĵ㡣
˿ܴȺͣˮڶϵһս⡣
ѩŵһûпֱʩչǿĹٻٱ޷·һֻ޴ңң˳ȥ
ѩŵȣһֻվŵеĳȴˮҲһȣѾͷ治Ȼ󶯵ľˡ
󶯣ؾأһ䣬ӶǸᲢãعĻӿֲ
ҲǾȵɫһ˫ֵľ޴ȴʮȵĵסѩŵİٻٱޣһ˫ȻٶȲǺܿ죬ȴֲ̺ӶΧжƺ˫ǡõĵסѩŵĳޡ
󶯣һĸվԭأ䲻ӶƱɫ
顭
ϵз·׹էһ㣬һܼȻ£ѩŵɫԽԽףԷȴһֻçײľţ·Խһɽײ
ѩŵӰ΢΢˻Σٹһһһ··һ㣬󶯵ǲܱˣһˣɽб
ѩŵ󶯵ϻЩ㣬ϣرǿĶʱͻᱻˣܱȻˮѩŵʵҲζ硣
أ
ѩŵĵɳȥѪˮӰһѩŵѸϵ˼£һֱӶɽ塣
ûá
ѩŵɬĿˮûڵ˵
֮ǰ˵Ļǲˣ˵ʵôܴ࣬Ѿܳˣôѵ㻹սʤԷ
ˮ΢Ц˵
ģ㲻ҡ
ѩŵϲ˵
úˣͻָѩСҲǺģҴӦ㣬ʵһǸһʮٱ
ˮ
ѩŵƲǺأٻٱ޵һЩ滨ֵһЩҲһЩƣе΢΢ˣǰٻٱǿ֮
ٻٱ޵ǿۺˣʵܽⶾԡѣΡ
ȻЩܲǺǿеֻһ㼸ʣȴǺʵãˮҲоٻٱ޺ǿ󣬿ϧԼ˱ȽϺʵı
ѩŵˮûйĵЦˣлл򡣡
ʵʱҲǺܺģ²ֺ£ˮˡ
ͷ˭ȥ㶨
ˮЦ˵
ȥɣ
ͨ˵
ˮЦҲá
ͨĳϳһ˿𾪣ͬʱлս⣬˵ԷѾ֪ͨݣȻɫ
ͨһٶ֣֪ʵ˺٣ֻ֪Ĵ֮Żɫ
ͨһ͵ˮֻҵʱŭĳ֣Ҳг֣һֱǲ²Щʵ˺ܶ࣬ƽʱ֮⣬ٳ֡
ͨĴע˶䣬ͨûй̶ˮΪһһʯ죬ǿҲǴ˵ģǿһЧǺɻףаٷ֮һļʺӾųɻס
̱ϬΪټЩǺǿˣͨսҪǸεΪһʱڹһλÿ˺൱˺ӡ
ˮоͨĴжǽƻģÿһսһֹ죬ͨҲöĸֻ֣ˮټá
룡
˿ͨǿ˵
룡
ͨ΢Ц˵Ȼʧȥʲô¶Ҫһƽģֻܽʵӳ
һûпֱͨȥ˵Ĳٶ̸϶죬һһһӡĸоƺÿһӡԼһ
ͨĲ죬֪һҪһ˫ɢĽ⡣
ȣ
һȣһ˫һ˫ͨȥ
ͨ΢΢һպö㿪˫Ĺϵ·ͨȫ·УھͱǾˡ
飡
ͨȻ̳Ѹٵǰ¡
ԣ
һ˱ֱͨӴˣ˵ĽŲȴǲңϸԷֶԷÿһŲ֮ǰĽӡ
ȻԻܵ
ˮߣǧ治УȻ֣˽ܣٴ֮ǰĽӡȥ
һٶȺƺǿʢˡ
ħţӡǣ
ħţӡǣˮõƽսһЩм䣬оһڴţħеģʱûüֱӸԺô
ˮֱֻͨһ˵˵ħţӡǣԷǴţħĴм壬ħţӡ治ĲȻʵԽԽǿ
ˮڷֻƽսԼЩлЩʶģЩʶӣƽʱˮܷȴǷ֣õʱֱӳˡ
ͨˮĻˣʵҲܵ˵ʵһ㣬Ȼ࣬ȴǿԵĸܵ
ն
һץᣬͨӰһһ˳ȥͨٶȱͱ˿ܣһθԴ㶼
顭
һµٶȴϣߴ׳ʵϾŲıڼҲǱòϿˣڱ֮вϵðѪ
ۣ
г˺ӻ׵һǻǺӰ˳ɻ׵ļʣһֱ˰ͨͣȴȥ
ͨͷβֻ˲յʱ䣬֮ĲӦ̫ˣΪս񴫳ߣȻڵʵǺǿҲѰġ
ˮͨʵѾ̫ˣٶȻǻһֱôȥδܳһʱ䣬һֱ֡
ͨûжôĸˣôվϿգսѾʱ˭Ҳ飬Ѿ˻ѩŵѪ֮ǰҲǣȻսʱģսʱ״ģǲǹ⡣


1598 սٻ
ͨΪһ͵ȴʧѪԣˮ嶼ҲǱȽºһЩҲȽϳ죬ֻһЩ޷ˮȡˮһֱڹ۲ͨһһܵ˵ڵֻͨǿֻߵ·߲ͬͨ·ߣһЩΪߵٶ·ߣҲһЩͶԷǿȣԺܶʱ򶼿ʤǿ
ǸӸͺ壬ԽѵʱԽܷӳԼĳǿսʱһһӢ˳ڶ̨ϡ
һϳˮɫһΪˮܵһϤϢϤڵһЩʶ
ǻƽսʶǶһЩħеĸ֪޳ţôǿ׳ȴǸӳУһļǿı
òӢ㣬һ˫ţԳԸ㣬ɢϢӲˮĸܣӦþţҵõţħеĵӡ
ˮ֪ͨҪˣûͨ䣬ǴӦþǵõħеˣҪСһ㡣
ͨɫĵͷΪںţҵ˵ͷֻˮ֪ںԼͷ
ҲģҪСģ䣬㲻Ҷ֡
˻˵ţһϲַʽֱܹܵԷǶֱֺ˵
ϸܵĲһģʼɣ
ͨȻΪԷһ仰ͻ䣬ںǿսʱȻΣգҲž޴Ļ
óһǹȴǱǹҪֺܶĴһɫ谵ӣûʲô㣬ԲôͨȻţҽҲ
ħӾӮֻҽܺһս
ʱһˮС
ˮҲǺЦţҵõħеҲ˼Ȼţħӣϵǲǽţħţħ
ܶˮҲûȥΪʱϿѾţħһʼͷһ˷ͨʵţħ̫֮ˣٶ·ߵͨٶȶԷĺѴˡ
ţħһ˴Ю֮һ·ͨΧնǻ֮ƺѹޱȡ
ٻ
ͨͻȻƺϵƴʢһٶȡȶ˲СӣͻȻţħӳȥһ˫ҲǱÿֲޱȡ
ˮ֪ͨʵ˲٣Բô࣬ţħӵʵ߲ͨ˶ٵĻôϻᱻȫѹƣѹƻϾˡ
ͨǺս񴫳УٻǺǿģԷʵǿܶ࣬㹻ŵĻܺܿŤתս֣еһʯ˸㣬ֽģ
ٻǼٵҲȥԣοͨĹҲôûйǺٻǿҲǺսıս
ʱͨһϬһϵĹţħҲӲײһһȻ֪Ǽ󣬿ҲȥЦ
ͨһֻɽͻϬĹۻңÿһιҪͨԼսսסĿҪطԲҪУֻţҺٻһλùڹĿʱĹԱ㲻Ҳˣ´δҲҳԡ
ȻٻҲ̫ûˣٻԽ߿ʹóǿĴ࣬ҲӣͨҲʹóΡ
ÿһζƺ㣬ʹòóǳǿΪҲߣǳҲ԰Ѻٻӵ¡
ԡ
ץסһλţħӴŵüסһͨĹһͨȻʹ˳ǿĹţħҲԼķǱͨһʮףϧûдӰ˲Ļ
ţħȻԾԷڿԳܵķΧͨĺٻֻʹγǿȻǿʹõĴȣܵ˵ǺǿǺɻף˺ҲţħӶѡ
ţħӸоԼͨ۵ȴܽӰ跭ǺٻĸоͨʵţħӲĲ̫ĻҲܶ졣
ţħսʹþܴͨӲͨӰֱӱѾһ˿ѪѾˣӦòǺء
ô
ˮסһϢѹס
ûãĿ㡣
ͨɬ˵
ʮֵܱô˵˵ŵõжãǵ·ܳҲŻͻǿһʱ䣬ұ֤ǿ󡣡
ˮЦ˵
أҪҲȥҲ֤һұǿ󡣡
æ˵
㻹ǱȥˣߵӲӲ·ߣ۶ϣ۶˾Ͳˡ
ˮҡҡͷ˵
Ů϶һ˿Σ˭ˮ壬εЦЦƿԣ治֪˵ʲô
ţħվţˮ±˵Цܶ˿һƣȻﲢûнţҵ¡
Χ˵ûʲôоţ˾ͺܷŭˣرţħӣ֮ǰմһսʤߣ֪һսʤҲԼĶֻ֣Ǹҽʦɲ⣬¡
õ˲һֱ˵ʲôǼֱϵ޸ãҲҪóǸ޸õı°ɣ
ţħֱӿˮ˵
üһţһˡ
ˮҡҡͷЦ
ս㣬֪Ҳ
ţħ΢Ц˵
ˮȥȥζԼҪսҲûʲôԷԻߣˮ뽫ԷȫԼûˣٴһսͺˡ
һսɣҲõġ
һŲʧԵ˳
壡
ˣûдװһϮѩ׵İȹеԽһͷƵ㷢ڼϣĽӨ񣬵ƺеʣûдɴȴе㿴С
棬ŵĹˣʫ续͸һǿյĴһִڵе£ɫƽȴɢһ󺣣ѹǷݵŹ֮
次䡢ػһЩ
ֱӳϿգͻȻֵŮúܶ˶һ㶣һŮ˵ʲôˣ̤նˣܶжǳ˿ȣǲŮģһ˵顣
ˮҲܿģĳˮɿŮ֮ûйֵΪЩ岻ף֮䷢һЩңҲǳˡ
ӣ

ܿ컹˽˳ȻʹЩ룬һЩϲѼ˵˻ǻõϢƳɻ񴫲еõһЩ棬ҲһЩ˵ֶΡ
ӣ֪ΪʲôҪˮ
ţħӿ˫ۺƽҲһ˿ȣһǿ˶Ůſֲռ
Ů˵Ǹ綼ǧﶼһɫ˭˶ռΪУţħҲ⡣


1599 ţħӰ
֮ǰ˵ҲõˣѵҲò𣿡
óһѱɫĳ
ԴӱͱˣȻڻѾָȻһ˿ǰûй⣬һֿһеϢʱȻ˵ȴûһ˿顣
ţħһ˿ᣬǵһ֪ģӵһỹǺģкֻܶͨʶ壬ʵм˻ǺٵģϲɴߵҲǺϳ塣
ţħҲǵһĺ棬ܶ飬ķҲղ˺ܶĻ
ħо֮ҪõŮˣ֪Ůˣ֪ԼõŮˣ㹻ˡ
û뵽ͻȻķʽ建˵ȻˣǾͿʼɣҲ˺ģһҵŮˣֻ㡣
ûκα仯˵һ俴Ųɱ㡣
ţħȻ˵һģϣܳ˵Ļǵסġ
û˵ǽŲһгһӣһֱɫС˳ڽ⣬ɢĹâ
ţħҲǱޱȣеĹӰӺǸû˿İͻȻûҲǳһİɫۼһ
ţ
ţħһ˲ϵȻõǴţħĴУǿӹɵģٶȡ򡭡
ȥ
ȭͷСķչɳһĻţħӷȥӰҲȻеĳҲǱþӨ͸ˮһĹ
ž
һţħӼС˴ϵһ˲䣬ͻȻһֻ޴ĺţһӰӺܴʮ״ȻܺһЩ޴ȣһҰƺر𺳡

СֻǺţӰӣһȴţħӴȥһƮƮģΨһоӰ·һţħӺȻ뿴һ¼ˣ߾͸Ҳһѡ
֪ܣԽԽϸƮƮһ֪޴кİֱһҰ¡

ĽѸٵǰϵһ£ӰƺûһһƬһٶȺܿ죬ȴ
裡
ͻȻţħϷһ޴Ľţȴе㲻û˸оЦҲѷɫ٣һصơ
֪ţħӶˣӰһһ˫ʵĲϸ׿һֻ˵ĳϸҲǲʹת·һֻչɵķӰ
ˮ濴ţ뵽˷ڷɣҲսЧһ뵽ǷڷɵͲ֪òãҲûкʵˡ
ˮһֱѧʵʵôΣһֱڷɣڲѧ
д޴ıʱĴţͷϵз˵ӰӺħţӰӳ֣ȻըζǴлҺڶӺôһƬǳɼ·ڿǰĵһ
ˮе㵣ģʱ۲죬Կ϶ţħӲĶ֣ˮǺŵģߵ˾һҶʵֲħ̨΢ѷɫһ㣬֪ǲѾûС
Ļޱȣȴţˮע⵽ţǱߣǱ߶ǺܽţЩϺɣƺǺţħӵʤܡ
ˮԲµɱţħӲôףûв´ĻţһǿߣбţҸǿʵںš
ˮǺҲ²⣬˵ô࣬ͨѧһЩʶ֪ģ֮ͨǰڷһЩ飬ǲµòԣҲӦǰ˾Ųʮ
裡
һһ޴ĺУһֱ޴ʯһľţڿУǴţħиĴʯţǹ;ʯţ۵ʯţ
ˮǺ⣬ʶЩҲħţħţһжǴ߸ģߵʵԽǿ۳ħţԽǿ󣬲һֻħţ൱ķѾġ
ֻħţʮ״Сˮ±ţħӵʵڲ٣Ҳħǿ֮ˮ뵽ҹ˹ĻΣħţҪǿֻҹ˹ʵҪһЩʱ䣬ʱҹ˹һ˶𾪵Ĵڡ
ţħӸоѾĶ֣ڵʵһħţͲʣʲôʵˣǲǿȻħţҲһֲս˵ԽԽǿֲϧսչҲǺ
忴ţħ۳ħţ֪սҲҴ⣬ֱӻԼɫ

޴ޱȣ֮ǰţȻҲǺ𺳣ҲѷɫӾϵĳĲ˺ܶ࣬οɫҲһ֣ЩܱȵģϺȣЩ
ħţʶʵȫţħӵʶħţܵ˺ܴӰ죬ɫ쳤ǧף޴ħţԵôС
ˮһЩҩϹɻʲôİ£Сûʲô仯ʵȴǱǰǿ˺ܶܶࡣ
һ޺޴һֱħţȥ
ţħһľû뵽ʵôǿ̫ˡ
䣡
ɫֱײħţϣǿ׳ӲΪħţһײֱӷɫǾ޴βһ޴ıһ˹
ˮû뵽ԭҲôǿһֱΪˮϵͨԭҲôİԵ
ռĽչһʱʱãҪһβ̵ʱ䣬Ȼɫʹ˽չһӿֲ
䡭
ˮǣɫֻǾ޴Ұķʽħţһܼľ޴󣬿̵ζħţȴʧˣţħҲǱɫȥ
ţħűͨҲܵһЩˣţħȻѹΪõŮˣڴ½ϲõǸŮһ㶼ǱȶԷǿرõԷʱΪһܡ
ǰһǮƵŮˣͶԷŲСĲ࣬ҶԷûһøУС·вͨĻįŹ֡
޴壬ڿлһ̵𺳣ֶĤݵĳ嶯
ţħӵʧܶţ˵һЩӰģţħţδϣţҪػڰһͬУţħӻҪᡣ
ڿҲ˵ĵȴ֪黹û꣬һ˰ʱһа˳ڿУ˴Ÿ޳ͶһӺ֮˺׺òͻоһˡ


1600 ħߣ
˵쳣ͻһ˫յ۾ѿټü絶ӥӣϵһԵ쳣һ޼᲻ݵ
ˮ۽һһϤʶԺһõħеˣԼһĸս񴫳е˾һ𣬶ԷҲܣȺ֣
˵õħĴУˮϸܵǿ׵֮˱ţħǿܶܶ࣬æ㣬ħߣҪСġ
ͷھ޴ϣҪһֻǿսʹȻΣգΪԷó׵֮
׵֮Խ˻ϵĹǿȣ׵֮иԵãǿȾҪʹߵʵˡ
СﳤÿҲ˭ҵķôҿԴӦκ
ûмŶ֣̰Ŀ壬ɫûжô
ʵһһһַȣ¾ǻҲһְһЩСåȵġ
û˵ƺûԷ˵һʵܶ˶ˣˮǸƣֱµʡʡɣǲվ˵ɡ
ˮҲǺ֮ܶ࣬һȻмĿˮһ˵Сϲ㣿

ӭɫһŨҵˮ֮׵ˮѹˡ
Ҳٶ˵Ӱһ˫ģ޴׵֮ϸһ˫޴˫ᣬƺ˿˿׵
˵Ӱֻ΢΢һͱܿĹٶױȣٶҲǾϵģħٶҪһ
ٶȾٶȾһУƾֲٶʵǿһЩҲǰһ
ܵʱ޴ģ˫һӣһ˲䣬˫ޱһ׵֮Ѹγɣֱȥ
λþֲָ׵֮ٶȣҲǾ޴󣬵ٶʵֲ̫Ѹ־ɫС˴ǰ׵֮ϡ
ϳһˮֱӽ޴
֮۴֮ɱ
ɫƺҲŭˣŭĴһ޴ֱһβ˳ȥ
һϺ£Χǧ׷Բ֮βҲǿսһסΧһ
Ŭ㣬ƺеѣֱӽ޴˫ٴһӣһ׵绤ܳΧ
أ

׵绤ܱɢˣû˵Ǹˣ֪һҪϳˣϵϢ̫ΣգҺѹƣȻ͸˵ˡ
ڳ˵ʱٴδһɫķˣһ״Сһ˳ȥ
гһ׳ɫ󵶣ҲϹ⻷ơ
׵
˿ŷСˣֱһȥ
䣡
ֲıûܵ˿Ӱ죬һģʧԭأȻϿգ׵Ȼþ޴ϰ׳ֲɫ׵淢ž
ˮ֮ܣ
ˮˣտɫˮѸٻ۳һ޴ˮܣ浽Уɢǿˮ
ˮһֱ۲Ķǵһοôս˺ǿٶȫѹпƹѾˡ
˵ħкǿ׵ֲ֮ޱȣеǰ׵ҲСˣǿµٶȺƻҲܲ˼¡
ˮ֪򲻹Էֻеࡣ
ͻȻϳǰϸ｣˴ȥҲٶͣʵԷٶҲ˲١
оŹȻûдﵽˮĳ̶ȣʱҲܺͶԷһᣬʱһʹõķм˷ָ

ʵȻٱһ£ϱһϹ⻷ƣһ͵ǰе忳ȥ
󾪣æȥʹõǾŹ硰ƹ֮һ׷ţϹϷʵ΢Ц
ҧҧҲһ˫޴ĲһģһٶȻˮ̾ڵʵʹսһ´Ҫһʱָˡ
޴ĲӶ죬ٶȲͬնڶٶҲռʲôơ
ˣʱϵԽã˵Խ֮ǰôһܺõġ
˾Ȼͣ˵
ˮ֪Էһ⣬иӦɫһֱӳߣҴ򡣡
忴ˮˣ˫޴ʧˣѪһӿˮס֣һơ
֮ܿڿˮץһŭѰ忴ŮˣñȾָ
ˮܸܵϵɷһ߸һ˵Ǹܴ˰ɣʲô֡
ںߣǺݺݵ˵
ˮ֣ûʲô飬ൽͻػָ֮ǰûйֵʹԷɵĲԽԽ졣
㣬ȥǱϢᣬ
ˮָָ֮ǰԼĵط
ͷ˵Сĵ㣡
ģΪǣҲ¡
ˮЦ˵
ܸо֣֮ôһʱȻûзʲô֮ȷʵһ㺡ƺⶫ˺ܶܶ࣬ɻǴڡ
ɲԻصһ⣿
ˮЦſˡ
һüͷʵʱҲڸˮʵȻǿԼǿҲ̤ʵһ㡣
˵ɣҲһش㡣
ƽ˵
ﶼ֪жţħˣ
ʵˮʶԷмõħеˡ
Цˣôˣ
ֻǺôͺţߵһˣ
ˮЦʵ
ʵɣôߵһģ𣿡
ˮЦЦһ䡣
ˣǻֵ¼°ɡ
ˮóƽսꪣһ˲ʵȻһء
ҲСǰˣ¶Էܹ죬ϢʵҲǺܲȶֲ̤ʵĸо
ս⣡
ս⻷
ˮʵһҲסˣӶе׵ֱˮȥ޴׵֮ˮȥ
ˮƽ޲ӶеĻƽսӭȥ
ƽսꪱʮ׵ʵʵĽ׵նȥ
бŷ⣬Ϲ⣬ˮһΣûвʣһĸͣޱȳԾԼһжǿ֪ٶȺǿޱȣϲǳһսһһĹͬʵܿסĹġ
ǰҽʦסˣƺûһ㲻ʣȻ֮ǰûʹóȥȫҲǰ˳ϵʵˡ


1601 ϵ
𾪿ɲôԵƽϸĿˮˮɫпʲôʣϣǿš
ʧˣҲǰˮķŵ˺һ߶ȣľ޴׵֮ѾԽϵٴΰθߺܶࡣ
ˮ΢ЦеĻƽսһӣ׷ֱʩӵϣ˲併ٶȡ
׷һֱˮ񼼣Ȼ֮㣬Ҳֻ΢㣬֮Ĳ޵ģսʵԳǿ
ˮһ׷ֱӻˣɵٶֲ̫ˣٶΪͻȻٶȲŲŹ֣˫˫һ˲ҡ
սһСľͻħҪٶȵӣȻңԼɱﵡ
ҡֱϣ
һ˲ٶɣպõ׷ã֮ǰսͷβûʹбս֮һ
ˮ۾ҲһħлǿҪ֪ħǿһٶȣʹ˷ҡֱϣٶٴӺܶ࣬һ¾ͻѶֵٶȫ˦ٶռƵ£ħͻᴦڲ֮أɹ˿ء
ˮһٴλصԭֱΧʹóŹ
ʹóŹ֮ˮֱȥеĻƽսҹȥʽңǳһˮҲԼֱӿ񱩵һҶ¡
֮ǰĹˮѾ֪ʵƲˮķٶˮѷɫһ͸Ӹоˡ
޴׵֮ƴɿԽٶ죬е׵ҲϹ⻷ơ
ˮǿٵһĻ֮˫޴׵֮ͻȻ쵽ϸ䣬ϵߡ
ʮ׳ϵˮȥٶȱˮҲһʶһֱг˾ɽ
̡
ɽ׵绷ƣǿʶݣʲôӰ죬ɽϵߴɳȥԶϵ߹ʱҲȫ
׵ʮԶһˮȥӰһֻ޴Хȥ
бֲˮھŹ֮ڣܼ֮ˮлƽսꪲϵĹÿһ׵ϡ
˫ڵʵģˮǿǿɱﵲûʹ꣬ͬϲǳŹУʵѾֻ
ϵߣ°뵶
ĹϵķˮɽɽвУѾҵԼĶλسģʱϵԽԽȥôԼӮˡ
ˮڽŹ򲻶ϵŶԷʵʱһӹȥһĹû˵ˮϵ߶Ǿɽס

ϿͻȻһֻ޴һֻ׻Ƶľ޴ݣ˫չףϿֲ׵֮һųҵС̫һ
ҪСˡ
׵֮ߣ
׵֮ٴηֱˮȥˮ֪ԷʲôѸг޳Լǰ
գ
׵Եޣ˵׵֮ߣ׵߲֮˺ޡ
ʱѾˣˮӶɽȥǻȥ
޴ƺܵΣգϵ׵ֱۣ֮ӽΧһֲ׵˿һ۶оͷƤ顣
˵˿ѷɫĴڣ׵ޣҲǣڿϵսϵ
꣡
˫Ӷ޴׵޴ĵһˮȥʮÿһгô֣໥ƾϵı޴׵֮
ˮǿҲԸֱðգ־׷ͻ֮ȥ
ˮ޵ӰޱžŹܶϾ˶Էһٶȣ׵ٶȺͷӦٶȴۿۡ
ʣˮҲģˮֱԼΧϵķ׻ʱˮɴʹ˻֮
ԵĻ֮ʵɣһӸоеģˮʱ񣬼ޣҲǺǱ
ȻƺԽԽѾоƣˮĹԽԽͣƺ֮ǰսûս
ˮûгޣõ͵㻹ǵ͵㣬һЩʵڱҪʱԸԷһ
ʵҪиȣȻһСıԷɱˣǿɾͿ޶ˣûо԰յǾÿһսóԼȫҪԼڡ
׻
ͻȻʹ׻һӽסˮӰӰΣƽսֱŶԷʺȥ

޴ͻȻһ߿У˫һ޴֮罫֮ǰĵطˮһա
Ϊ˱ǰĿŴ򿪣ʱȻŹôõĻᣬһһֱǾ޴֮
޲ԣһ־ɱС
ۣ
ڵĴСһҲСӴ׳ýһϬޱȣһദŪһ޴Ѫ
һ޴׽𿪣壬ʹ˻ܵ˾޴ش
Ͼ㣬һʵٴδۿۣ֮ǰʵٶȣټܵ˺ѾûʲôвˣսֻҪٱץסᣬͻֱ
ϵ۵ĵѪײˮĶ֣䣬ԼкܴӰ죬жԼҲкܴӰ죬¾޴ӰӰԺĵ·Ϻͻơ
սԼпҲпʤˣôԺĵ·ܿһ·ô٣ʵеֻԼ֪
սڵʵҲܻķˮ𣬵һ޷̤ţսʤϣãޱȡ
ʱˮɱȥһһˣûκİܣѾûа취
䣬֣

˵̫Ҫˡ
ˮ¶һ˿΢ЦĽܲһ£Ӳһֻȴԭ˿ٴδȥס
޴󣬵Ҳܲס˺һĽǿҲס޵ŰһԭĻϣյ˴ˡ
ҡҡ׹ȥܻܲ˵׼ˣˮɱɣˮ֪Ŀ£ǿᣬžɽֻ޵İˮԼĻҲֻаķݡ
һʵĺУ˫ͨ죬ͻȻˮȥҪˮƴʱһϵ
Ӳ𡣡
󣬵ȴǷ·ÿ˵Ժһǰͣһ˲˪һʧȥ˴ľ


1602 ǿţˣս
ˮʱϱʤϲҲʧˣΪѹ̫ǿˣȻ޷ܵʵһҲо
һ˲·𱻳һͷɥȥһˮоˣ˵ﵽ߶ӦǿԳס޴ˣȻ󣬵Ҳֱôһǿħ߷ϵɡ
ˮվڿУҲеΪ¶ԷǿߣܲûУϣҪ֣ȻԼľ׶༪ˡ
ͻȻΧޱȰ﷢£ָоЩѹ֣ˮվڿУԼƽڵȴȴս⣬Ӧһս
һӰˮԶһѾˮǰһߣˣһߴߡ
һˮȷţˣˮû뵽ţˣ֮ǰţħѾһõħ֮ˣû뵽ţһ˵õħУһħм塣
Ȼûʲô˵һܳõ֮ˣʺСССΪ㣬ţõħ֮ˣţǲ
ˮ뵽ţҵţڿŲûеģʵʱţˮ뵽֮ǰԼһ˵ĻţҼǵֱϵԼ޸á
ƺôʵ֣Ĳʵ֣ʵ֣ˮ׷ԷԼǿҲ֮е飬ԼҲôױܵġ
ߵĸߴɢһɽһĺΰߵòͨͨȴһ˵ĸоԭ
ˣ⣬츳ʵԣҵļҲвٵţڷֺөµĲ𡣡
˵⻰ʱܳϿңһϧ
ϵʵҸ̫ˣҲ֪һûлﵽ߶ȡ
ˮ΢Ц˵
еģϧ㲻ԼᣬǱûг𣬵ȴӲʹ
̾˵
ǰ˼ʹ𣿡
ˮ΢Цʵ
ǵҲãˣ߲֪ʹ𣿡
ЦЦˮ
ǿҺ⣬֪ǿ߻ж١
ˮʣ֪ô׵õ𰸡
ˮЦҡҡͷңԺУ֮ǿĺܶ࣬嫵ľҵҲѣй¶ٱԷҵ
ˮͬ˵Ĺ۵㣬˵ģֻһǿߣʵˮҲоǣϾǿһҵѣһҲ˵С
һᾡ˼룡
ˮЦ˵
룬ҪʹȫҪԼڡ
˵
һģ
ˮ˵ֱѸٽԼ״̬۷壬֪˵ʵֻнԼʵ۷壬ֻаȫС
⻹㣬ˮ׷ͻ֮Ѹٵõϣһֱûжʱѩ׵üë΢΢𣬿ˮĿԽѰζ
ˮޣɽ
ݹ
һ׼֮ˮ΢΢ɿ֮ǰһֻ֮һʱɣ֪ǹԼԼš
ӡ
Ч
ˮ⣬ҲûģǻӶŻƽս߳ȥ
ʽ
ʽ
ƽսһ޴ĽһɱȥˮһҪ̽̽˵ʵһȫҲԼź֮·
˵˫һ죬ǰһ޴İɫӣȻˮֱһҶȥ
һûκλ֮ԣΧƺѾһһһһĸо
ԣ
ˮֱӵɳȥѧڷÿԳסѾܳˣ˵̫֮ǿˡ
ˮҲǺˣֻǱǰ˲˺ܶ࣬Ҳˣ˻۷ʵҲһ֮ң
һȴǵصĲ࣬һ죬˵ʵˮǿ֮ôĲΪԭϺˮĻô˵ʵͻ
һҪ
һˮﷴƽˣȻһǿһܳסѾ֮ϲˣսʤ˺ѡ
Ѫ΢΢ӿˮֲֻôһʱѾָһˮ̫ͷָڽȥ̫Ϊ
ˮǱˣһûκ˺ˮ߲ϵķɸ˵ߣһδαɡ
޿ǿǿĹҲǱĲϺˣȻڱɣҲֱӱĺףɼ˵Ĺ֮ǿ
ˮʼܲϰ˵Ĵ򷨣ֱٶֻаķݣ˾ͻһһˮһͨը
һˮƽѾϰˣһˮԼʵսҲѸٵ
ʵսĺôˮ֪رʵսдﲻЧˮ񾭱úܽʶſгޣ֪޸ס˵ĺɱԼҲס
֮ǰһԷˮԵסƣǰԼ費סֻܽжֻܻսֻֻֿܵԱ
Ź˵ʵļӴ󣬾Ź˵Էʵ޷ֻҪΧͻļӴ󣬶ҾҲᱻɣʵǿ󣬱ɵĺʵҲǺûеģҲԡ
Ǹ£
ӣ
ˮʲôϣˣֻܶ΢赲һ£׷ܱһԼսٶɺܿ졣
˱ȻûжȴѾȵĲݣ˵Ĺ棬û뵽˿԰̶ȣܽܵˮĿ
ţ죡
Ѿʼе㲻ƽˣֱʹһͨɱеİɫӱðҫһֹĹΡ
ȻһˮȥһٶȲǺܿ죬ԿúˮԼȻ޷㿪
ɽ
ԣ
ɽɣǾ޴İƺһˮϡ
ۣ
ˮϵĽûг֣ˮԲ£ЩѪ³ãԿˮ˲ᣬʵǺأĻ֡
ɽòɺӣǶܻõȻɣҲ˲ȻһĿˮ׵Ľ֡
̾ͨɱΪһԿˮɥʧսкܴļʵС
֪ãôͣԱɱ֣ȻѾʼˣǾսپɡ
˲ˮٴˮȥ
ɽ̵˶ĵˮԼ۾ģ˿һսһʼһ浹


1603 սµļ̺ͼ
Ϳ񱩵Ĺˮѹȥһžĸоһˮ·һҶУΧ˺пһ̾ͻ̵Сۡ
ţն
һ޴󰵻ž޴ĻֱˮɨȥѾĵҩˮȻöǾͻᱻ˦οѾųںҪţ˰޸á
ţҶʹͬ˫ڵжԣõİ취նݳѿ״̬֪ڲɱˮôס˺ٺ٣ħһ޴в
ΪǰҲ뵽һٴͼƣʲô취Ҫ
䣡
޴ıĺˮӰٴζ㿪ȻСʱԷҲʱԱûڷ֮Уÿһζоա
ţ
ͻȻһֻ޴Ұţ˵һţţҪܶ࣬ǿ׳ߴ䡢һսһƤë𿴵Щ롢ʨӻҪǺվһҲ˸оһȡ
˵սţҲ˵ʮ£ɢѾ˺ӰСǴܶ࣬һЩǿֻǽСˡ
ˮţֵ˲ͽ׷֮˳ȥ˵ѱޣʱгԲ˿ô򵥡

һз·Ҫ˺һˮûţôУһţеҲûˣȫǱŰ޺
治Ǵţħߣѱ޶Ǻţйصģгţ֮ٴˮȥ֮ǰţѾˮȥ
ˮæɽ赲һ߸ı䷽
ԣ
ţֱӽɽײɣȻһתٴˮȥϵٴ֡
ʱӰҲˮϷţΪ֮һˮɱȥ
ɽѾˮŻƽսꪣͻȻתţȥֱӽĿŴ¶
޺ˮһ壬ѾˣдһЮ֮ˮȥ
ţأ
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ƽսꪵǹͷֱӴһֻɫˣһûţС
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ҲţעɢתעһսܳǺΣյģһʧɹġ

һһķţͻȻһ˿ֵ״̬ƺսˮ˫ۿһһԵôŹһֱӴ˶Է˫޴۾С
䣡
ͬһʱǾ޴ˮϣĺȴһƽ⡣
ף
ˮӰڵһȥȴ𣬶ǵ⽫֮ǰҲκˣתŴʱڲţһ
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˵һϳ˱˺ͷŭѱʦߵĵڶһֻţǧˣţʵǿһʵûȫӾѾˡ
ʹǰһֻ˼˶ѹǧţ˵˵ˣĺ󱲻ҪףѾܶࡣ
ɱţˮһǲҵģҪģֻҪܺȥڲ֮ء
ģ˲ģеĻһûˣ˫֮һ׳ļ̣һѽɫĴ
ˮܵϬɱʱѾŵ޳ȥеļֱ׾ٵĴ̽˵޵С

ûͣеļȥһϣǿֲ𣬵޵ƤˣˮǸԾŵæ˳ȥ
ɽ
δɽѾȥͬʱгޣˮŷϹкܶöģͼʵֲ̫ˣֱ˵Ϭ
ˮһ׻֮ѵսɾܵ˲أʱһᣬǾΣˣ˾Իѵ޸ٵġ
һֱˮоڵʵܿסʵĻҲȷʵԣϧؼһЩı˵ļͼ̣˵Ǵ˵ен֮ʯķѪɵģϬ̶ȿֲޱȡ
Ҳ˻ȥȴˣ޵ľҲ׿ԴģǱģ̳
ˮżͼԼϮʱһͷƤ飬ʶٿؾɽֵһóԼС
Ѫ֮
ˮǰûù첻ͬһܰҺý˵ٶȽ˲١
еѪҺԽԽ죬ˮоԼʵǰδеǿսеĻƽսӭˡ

ˮǺˣżˮҲܴһ£ˮÿδλö⣬ǶôҲѨ

ƺоˮûдѨҪҲû̫ģоˮҪŴԼλ
֮ǰˮѾԶԷ˲ûжôԾҲ֪СΪһСǽԼա
һΣˮľۼԼڼˮҲˣÿԳסҲӣҺòˡ
һļžսѾ˵ˣһֱĿתĿſУһĺܽţÿһˮ߱ԷˣľͻһۣܵԼ뿴Ļ֡
ţţҲǽƽˮܺţԼòԩںìܣţӮӮôɣΣ֮ǰһ˸ĸо
ۣ
ˮٴһѪ˵ļֱӴ̴ˮ磬ҵʹˮüëšһ
ÿﶼһѺ۾еʪֲԾսŲҲǲܿƵǰһ
ȥɣ
˵ļͻȻúôˮĲӼȥеļ̿ˮͱȥ
ˮʱ۾ͻȻӰ΢΢һ󳷿һξ룬պԷĹΧʱͻȻ˼ķԼе㲻ܿƣ֫ͻȻӲ

ˮ֮ǰµĹʱ򱬷˳ʱˮһһţĿһԼĶͷһ˿ʹӶͷе㲻̫ȻԴһСѪﴫ޷ܵľʹ·Ҫѿһ
˫ֱסԴҲ޷򶨡
ţУֱ֪ʲôӣоҪˣȴǺܲģǰһˣһѪˣоôҫۡ


1604 ˮʤ
ˮվľ벻̫ԶҲǰˣʶָ߿йԽƻ˵ӣǿߵȻһҪǿеĻܷ
ϧǰûȻʹޱȣȴûнгʶѾʼģͻȻֵڼ̫Ѩϡ
أ
һǺ쵫ȴǺ𺳵֪ԼѾûĿܣʶѾʼģԼĲԸɴԼԼ
һˮɿйԽѾصиѪУһˮоеһ㣬ֻҪȫֻҪʱ⡣
ǿǿѾһܺõλãΪķǿܶ˺Ѿˡ
ˮһ죬ֱӽͼϵĿռҲûзŹսƷӦõģһǶôԣûע⵽ЩϾˮµ𺳻ûЩѹ
ˮһҲ˺ܶ࣬ԼĿйԽѾΪԼȡŤתǬֲɱ˷ʤҪǶԷ֪ţǿҲ⡣
йԽҲڲϵĽ·ߺһֻССֲԷѾܾûʹˣЩܳã֪ܲԽԽãһ֪ˣҲͻûôˣԷһ뵽Ը֮ߡ
ʤ䲻ϳˣ
ˮûжվڿУΪ˭Ҳ֪ûţбţǿߣôֻ·һ䣬ԷҲŹԼ
ţǱѾˣ̫ʬ壬һʱ䱯ʹޱȣʵʹĲˣʹѼ屣ɡûˣǰһؾͲù
ˮóһŽֱʹˣƻָ룬תϹϵ޸˵ľ˿ڣʶеͼҲڿٵתָˮľ
ߴһ֪ˮҽֻҪû¾ָܻͬʱţȥӭս
̫ˣҽȻܴţ档
ţɲһˣ˵ǧˡ
СıţԲ˶ߡ
˶ˣţڲŹ˲⣬˵ţԶʱڵħˡ
ô£˵ţħˣˣ˵ԶʱڵʱǴţ

һӵʱȥˣţûϳţǱ߶Ѿ˱˵ĿѾеɧˡ
磬ǸСѾǿ֮ĩȥɱһ˿ת
һе˵
ҪСġ
һϵ˵֪ˮѾָ˲ƵĻ֪᲻ô
ˮԶֵʱЦˣţҴʲô֣ԼվڶԷҲôϾһᡣ
ǿʼɣ
˵Ǹɴ࣬ʱ䣬ʱԽϻԽкóԣҲöԷƱá
ˮЦŵͷʼɣ
ţôһҲ飬ǲе㱰ɡ
ʱñ˵ɵţҲ᲻ģԶһ鲡
ҪҽҾͲˣţˣֻҪƺˣţһôô󰡡
Ϊţһҽ𣿡

ٵõˮĵͷ֮óһ޴ɫӣҲţˣһֱϵȻǵõħ֮ˣʵǲСǱţħҲѷɫ١
˺ܹϣֱˮɱȥеһ޴ĲӰԿ񱩵ķʽˮ
޴Χ޵Ļ棬ڶģͶˮǿ֮ĩǻһʵѾûڽоս
ˮ˵磬Ҳ˺ܶ࣬ŻƽսꪣʵȻһЩӰ죬û֮ǰŵļͼ˺ˮǺѵġ
ˮһֱûƽսȥ񱩵ңΪѾһԳ˹
ˮһģΪһ˲ˮʹ˻֮׷
һֱԵĸоƽսꪱԤҪ˲ҵ˵ľ޴ϡ
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˱ҵĵɳȥʵټ֮ǰܵˮʵѾδսˣһ¾Ͱ
޷צӻ˵ĲӣֱӽԴˣ޲󣬵ҲմСצӻǲСġ
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ˮȴȻ󻺻Ļָƣ֮ǰǸ˳Ѿˮ˿Ϊ֪ţѾûб˸ǿˡ
뵽Ǹħеˣħ߲Ǽ壬ӦǺţҴһ׳Լţ棬иţħӣԺǰ;һǿ
û뵽飬ţħǿţѾη壬֮ǰηˣţûκε
ʱȥˣˮŻ˵ţһûҪ򣬽ǵ죬ס˵Ļڵһյʱ䣬ûҾ͵û˴ˡ
ţûжˮĻţֱϵڼȥ޸ãţļҪľ棬ˮΪǴ
ˮĻţǸޱȣǺˮɱ䣬ȻѾ˵֮ǰĻôпܾͲɱˡ
ֻҲ⣬ȴɱˣţҼ˺ܶ࣬ΪţҲ﷢չˣȥ˵ĵطȥǿħңһԸԼģƾħ͹ˡ
ʱ䵽ˮţȻӰһЦǻȥɣ
ô
嵣ĵĿˮ
ˮһůŽǰգһܰЦû£Ƥܺġ
ͨһЦţʵǶˣԿˮ֮ԲѰѹϵǶϲԷġ
ֻǲ֪ˮ֮źܴĺ蹵ˮûĿȥõֻԼİ飬ˮ޷
ִ֣ˮҲûа취ǿο޷ǿԿǰļֻ˳ȻԼȫ뱻ȫ
һ˵ǿĵĻصãˮһѪȻҪȥϴ裬Ҳȥһϴһˬ·ˮоˣϵѾ£˴͸ˮ򣬵ˮ΢ķʽܿҪĹͷҩǿѾָ˲ˡ
һˮǶڣˮ˺ܵģˮⱲĸ֮ǰһټ֣ˮ㣬оԼ䣬ˮֻȡ˵ˮȴƸˮκλر
ֻ֪ǷͺԼִͶׯѾǻرˣˮоһһůָоϧ


1605 ìܣˮľ
ˮԱ֮ǰú֮ܶ࣬ǰһѪȻ˿ҲеľϴȥһѪɫе԰ףѾͳûʲôˡˮʱѾ˾Ʋˣ˶ڣϤˮĸо龰ܶˣÿһζޱȣϾôһ˲䡣
Ǹĵӣôİȱףף
ˮ֪ǵƣҲ֪Լû£Ʊ
ȻǶƱͨ廹ãϾүǣѩŵҲûдˣһƱһ֮һ㡣
ˮˣٺȵ㡣
ˮ˵
İɽ㣬Ʋ壬ƻкôء
ˮȵԼɾľƣĲ塣
ʱ䲻뿪ˣϾкҪչˣҲûж˵ʲô䵱ģĸӵĸףˮĽ㡣
ˮ˵ţĻ޸𣿡
ˮʵ
ʵѾνȻҪޡ
ˮЦ˵ţ涼ˣţѾΪ壬Ʋ̫ʱ䣬Ϊá
ˮţһֱû˵ˮôˣ̫ˡ
㶼ܰѽû뵽ˡ
˵
ҵ𣿡
ˮЦ˵
ЦЦӳɲӳɲҲЦſ˸ܺãˮʵҲϣߵһѣѶϣԷԽԽá
Цŵͷ
ôʱҲȥ㣬Ҫ˼㡣
ѩŵ˵
ˮҡҡͷѾͷƺƽʱûʲôȻҲʵǰ֪ƺ뵽ʲôǲǻӵִԼ
ⲻǸջ֮ǰڱ򣬽
ˮε˵
򣬱𣬺˵˵ôɣˣҴǲһֱҪڱ򣿡
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ˮЦ˵
ʲôʱҲȥ׿ͺˡ
ġ
ˮЦ˵
ʱƺжһһ˽ˮ˵ţ޸á
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ڣǲᣬֻһ߿ţһЩ޸ǡ
һˮ˵ʱܹˮ֮ˮҲһǿߡ
ˮ֪ţԶȻ޲ãʵǿ󣬵ǹĻţֱϵܳһЩˣˮ˵ĻҲʵˡ
ȻˮҲûȥǰ濴˼ˣţһ뿪ˮûϾɱһߣֻһ߲֪ò
ˮ֮ûжΪħߺܶ࣬ţѾעԼƵǹǽûʲôô
ţħӺΪǲԼģ챻ԼǴˣͻƻѣʱǻᱻ˦ĺԶԶ
Ѿɽʮ֣ٷҲˣԹ˶뿪Ҳ۵òУƣۣԶҪȥϢҲˮʱϢ
ڶǷˣˮͨӳɲͨȽרһǳ飬ԻϿԿ϶ǶһһޣˮеĽһһҲã˫ֻжԷ
ѩŵ֪ʲôʱҲ뿪ˣҲˣվ˵ˣϢɣ
ˮҡҡͷҲۣҺܿģ𣬲۵Ļһ߰ɡ
ˮûиѡֱӴͷǰεҡҡͷֻøˮ߳á
ˮϤȴǺİĽֵˮߵĺٺ٣ʱﲢûʲô粻Ϊ˭ı䣬ÿ˶ڸԵȦæµţ췢飬Ȼܺ䶯ֻ֪ǺٺٵһˣһЩͨ˸ģֻԼøõ㡣
елҲΪովһ֮սоΧһôãܶҲôᣬΪЩͻֵ߱һᡣ
塣
ˣ᲻ѹ
ˮ˵
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忴Χܰ
޿ޣϺܶ˶ῴ̫ˣǰŮͷҲǺܸߵģϧǰŮŮҲǲ̫ˣûпɱԣĻΪž޴Ĺϵ
ߣÿ춼ŵͷѪӣÿһֽٺĸоǸʱһᵨӺܴƺ˺ܶ࣬ȥܶෳĵҲòôġ
ˮЦű˵ߡ
أ
Цˡ
˵Һϲ㣬ֲԸҵŮˣ֮ǰѹҵŮˣҸоϲһҪӵУǲеҰο
ˮЦ˵
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ˮЦˣ᲻ᰲοңҰο
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˵㣬һŮˣ㲻о𣬸ûһйڣ׳µġ
ˮ˵
һ죬Ȼǰ˵һ̵סһ죬Ҫһݸ飬㻹᲻ң
ȻҵĻԶţˣʲô鶼ҪסңҪҼ⣬һѹġ
ˮִŵס֡
ˮǵһÿһζĶޱȣ岢ûпܣս֡
Ůںܶʱìܡ
˾һǣڴɢͨŮһˮƽе㼤ƽƺԼŮһ
ô
ˮ뵽˴
ܺãʲô㣿
忴ˮ˵
һʱ䣬мҪؼҿѾóʱûлؼˣʱСӲż£λȥӦÿԺˡ
ˮЦţҸ
ˮ뿪ˣЩ˵˵Ҳã˽壬֪Ҳʡ
Сһһܺÿɣ
Ц˵
ţףкҲܺÿ
ˮЦ˵
е죬ˮҲһϷˮЦ˺ܿɶ񣬲˵¡
װˮҲЦˣã˵أʲô㣿
ʱڴɣӭ𡣡
شܿ죬ˡ
֮ãļҡ
ˮ֪ΪԼ
պֵѾֱһһĴϹĹʯֵȻôǰ·й֮޲һ
˻ȥʱţѾ뿪ˣѾָԭò˵ţҵĹǿ֮ǰʵһõĲλҲ࣬޸ܼ򵥡


1606 ͽƣ
ȻţѾûָԭԺܿͰѰȥĶһҲţҶ棬Բ⣬ţҺܿͻߣҲΪԼǡ
ˮ֮ͻطɾˣҲû˴֪ˣҪ
ɾ󿴿޵ƣѾȫָ뵽ļ̺ͼ߹ȥǽǽơ
ⶼǱＶģͽƶͬһƳɵģϧţûȫⱦҲҪѪҲʶٿء
ˮƸ£ԼлƽսԾ½ˣһ뵽õǷսĴУԥ
ɴɾķȥ˲һ¥ϣţ֮ǰӳɲҲһ¥ϣһ¥ˡ
ʵˮһ¥ƸӦˣ컹磬е㲻ˮԼΪʲô
ߵķſڵʱ򿴵ѾվſڣˮЦЦе顣
˵ɣ
ҲЦЦȻŷȥˮܵе졣
ˮ֪û׼ãֱó˽ͽ˵˵ѷֻûзӳϲǰѣҸôʹãеκһѣսһ
ŰɣҪ
뿴ˮ˵
ϲ
ˮɻʵ
ʵĶ߶ϲҸоҪ
ҡҡͷ˵
˵С㲻֪ʲôǿ𣿡
ĿˮһۣѾϰƺȻôųˣһ뵽е˵ĸо֪Ǹø˻ǻңҲϣһԼܽˮĻۣϣԼܸı䡣
Һ֣ܿ
ˮ¡
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ҲǹŵЦ⣬ϲˮһĸо𣬺УаȫˣҲо˵ģԼѾˡ
ҵĿǷ˷ҵĿֻ֣ҲܵõĿ֣ԸһҪ𣿡
ˮĿ塣
һûпǰѾºÿļҾҪɡ
ˮ뻹֮ǰûмˮıҪٵξѪи׼״̬
ѪһξѪٵͨѪҺٵξѪҪԪģһָѪÿҲͻָһΣоһЩҩ˻ָĿ졣
ˮɾԲ⣬Ҳ֮ˣҲҪʮҲָܻ
ʾھˮҲû⣬ֱһ߰ţ治֪ķֻˮͨ˰ˣԼҪˡ
һһεľѪڽϣĽѪɣֳܹ죬ҪҲҪһٵΣһβܶһҲ٣֪˲ȥܶණѪҺͿˣּıǾѪ
ܶ˵γһٵξѪˣξʮŵλ߳һٵҲûκЧ
һٵξѪȥɫ԰ޱȣڴĿţһʱϳһһĹΣһϬ·Դһĸо
ͻȻһѪĸоһɫ壬ñָɵľ;Ѫ
ں˺ܶ࣬⣬ں˺ܶ࣬ʶһȻС״ƺҲڱ仯ô䶼ǼӣҼһֻɫķˣǽ۵ġ
ƵĽ״СɢֲϬˮⶫϬǺидģƵԼķǵ޵Ƥܼ
嵱ʱҲˣڰ֣ˮˣ뿪ߵÿͨӳɲ
ǿˮҲ⣬ԭûϢˮЦԭҲûϢãⶫӦøʺϡ
ˮѷڷɵĿھǣдֽϣһרһһ飬ӦܷӳãӳɲҲѰŮӣȻܺŮͼϵǸ츳ȣһҲҪǿһЩ
ǿڷɵĽܺ󶼺ܿģǸоĿԽսӳˮֱӲȻСҲ⣬ǲϲĵ״ﲻõĸоοһİŮһ뵽ʵͻо
ҲԭˮŮҲ֪ԲԣĿǰҪô
ˮصɾȻóʣµĽƣǰɡ
ˮѾٱˣƵļǺܸߵģɽ޺鶼ѷɫȻˮˣû˵̫Ԫеģɾ¼ȳȥʱʲôͻָˡ
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һпһϬء͡ѡб
ˮڿĻˣĹҲˣˣȻȲԼĿֲķڻָ۷״̬ƾŽƣǺţӮҲ·ˡ
ˮڷ·ʹľԼȥϢһ£ĺܴҪָ
ˮÿ춼Ǵ̫ȭϤ̬һֱڱ仯˵ľҲڲϵĽ
һ˵ĸоͷٻѨʱһ˲䣬оΧԽĺг·ƿصĸо
ͻ˵ǰľ磡
˵УҲܶº³˫ˮյõƵϲûûȫͻˣֿĲݡ
ĵʱһĺܿ죬ˮѾȫָΪƵԭгһſ񱩵֮ںҸսһ
һˮоԼӦ֮޵˰ɣ֮ǰָоû뵽ţĴڣôֲͨɱϽͽԼѱޣҺˮ޺ͿйԽϣǿ;ɽԼǿսǲʤʤ
ڶˮʱѾˣȻ캮ضĺ磬ҳϧûʲô¶ȣµĽ
ˮͬһʱģ˿Էʱоɣ忴еܺãˮĵЦˡ
ڳ֮£һ΢Цıȶ⻹Ҫůû
ˮĿ⣬е԰׵һ˿޵ĺΣҲǺܿģǸ˶ϲԼϲϲԼ
ϲ˿ԼĿ̰Ҳе㿪ĵģ۹⣬Ǿġ
Ů˸ˡ


1607 ڣԣصŮ
Ҳģ˱һһտλãԶԶĿͨӳɲԶͨѾףӳɲҲɻ顣
ǳ˫Ӱ룬罺ĸоĲˮҲһֱ룬ʵںͼŮһʱһʱҲˣ֪ͨǻǲһ
ˮŻ̫ȭѾǰ̫ȭȫͬˣˮѾβͲҲľ磬ʲô磬ˮҲ
˳Ȼκιɣÿһȴǰ֮Уһ˵ϣ忴Ҳһʧ
ȻǱԵģǱˮľ𺳵ģҲ֪ˮʲô磬֪ԼҪߺܶࡣ
ÿ𣿡
ˮܵ忴ˮͷЦ
ĵͷÿ˲ÿ
ˮһЦˣŮҲĬһ£ʵ岢䵭ֻŮһŮӣǺ˸оĬȤģʵ뵽
ҪҪѧѧоûµʱĻӶһ¡
ˮرá
ðҲѧ
似һ̶ȶĸоһͨ򷨽ͨȻеţһĵġ
̫ˮ巢ɣеҪ㾫裬̫ʮʽĻʾһ飬ֻһģʱβ⡣
츳ܸߣˮ̫֮󣬺ܿѧģʱеһаʽȻһо
ĶܺÿһĿĸо֪һϾ͹ȥˣʱ䵽緹ʱˡ
Ҫߵʱ弸Ѿ˹
ţѾ뿪ˣҹ뿪ˡ
ˮ˵
ߵҪ磬ΪҲܶ죬˺ãҲ徻
ˮûΪţ뿪еˡ
˵ţһ᲻ٻ
˵ǻʵ˼ɱ
ǾͲ֪ˣǸŬˣһЩΣҲԱͱߵˡ
ˮǴ̼ˣͨǰôڶʶΣգҲˮ⣬ʱ˵ƽʱ˵ٱ鶼Ч
ˮȻô˵֪ţһϣΪˮ֪ţħӵĳɾͺѳˣǲһģһθĴӦǺѳǸʵˡ
⣬ʵͻͣˣͻƺˡ
ˮоӦþǺԼһõһħУ֪ţһ᲻ᰲ֣ţˣţҲ֪ûס
ЩˮٿǣҪԼ˵ʵڵõ˽ںսʤûˣ岻٣˽ѹƣսʤԷӦû⡣
ˮоԼ뿪һҲûʲôףؼҿˣ뷨ڴ쿴˵
ˮԺɹ̫ĿôЩˮǸоˣһǺɣܣûʲô¶ȵˮоůġ
ˮһһҪ㣬㿴ġ
˹˵
β𣿡
ˮ۾ֱָԱߵ˵
һҪ˵ʲôڵġ
ˮڶֱվüͷڲʲôӴڻȷǲǿڣҪȥ
ҹȥ
ˮ˵ôȥ
ߵʱˮȴȻģˮӶԷиܵǲɣо߼ߣһӶҲǺ𾪵ġ
λǣ
ˮɻʵ
ȥġ
Ǹ΢Ц˵ܿҲò
ˮЦˣǾ磬ûΪǿˣˮܸܵԷװģˮڵʶϢܸܳġ
ﲻ𣿡
ˮʵڻȷԷǲǴ˵ڵˡ
ﲻ㣬£ͺһˣҲٸġ
ɿ˵
ˮҲҲɾܾԷ᲻˵Էֻܿ˵ԶԶʱ䲻Ǻܶࡣ
ģԶᵢ̫ʱġ
ˮһһݻ޳ܴ󣬳ʮףֻԣߴ͵ĽԱԺͰҪһЩҲݵûʲôսٶȺԼױȡ
ˮǾ޳ݻ˾ȻǼԦģˮܿǳڼݳˣ߼߼ݳ޳ʲôˣ
룡
ÿš
⳵ƶһ㣬׸ߣʮ׳ʮ׿ĳټֻǰƥޱȡ
˵Ķ֤ʵˮĲ²⣬ǿ߾ǳ򡭡
ܴ󣬶ǸģˮȥҲո˵һ˾Ǵ򲻹ԷҲܣˮôģ治֪жǿ
޳ٶȺܿ죬ǹ֮Ҳûκθо⳵ĺܿ͵˱򸽽ɽܽˡ
вٵˮܵܶǿϢ˺ܶ࣬װӦҽʦˮһ㶣ô࣬ǰһҽʦ˰ɡ
ʵˣٺһҽʦˣԶﲻϵľͻ߳ҽʦһˣҡͷ̾
ˮԼĴƺõģˮһֱǵǰ棬ˮֱȥ
˵ˣˣֱӽȥ
ſһ΢˵
˵ͷˮʾȥƺûнȥ˼ˮҲûжͷ߽һȥ͸ܵһϢסԼסԼϢǿɲ⣬Ϣ֪
õҽɣ
һ͵
߳һ긾ŮŮķһٻ֮˵ŨһϷ̴Ůˡ
ٺܾ£ΪµԵɢһŮˣȻЦü֮仹Żİ
ҽϣ֪Ҹ˭
ˮЦ˵ֱԼŮһޱǿŮˡ
Ů˿ˮҲһСһʵǿϵǱ˱Ȳ˵ģֻΪôǿҽأ

ŮЦȥ
ˮȻȷʲô֪Ů˾Կֲ߽ȥŷִһˣһӢˣȻţ۾˸оޱȵӢ
ˮû˭֮ǰҲˣŮû˵ˣŮҲû˵û˵ʲô֢״
ˮЦ߹ȥס˵ţȻüͷֱŮˣ˯ʮ˰ɣ
Ů۾ٴһպʮ졣
˰ˣеǶⶾǻģҿԷֳʮʱѾ󲿷ֵط˶


1608 ط졢ϦԶż
ˮ仰ٴŮг˾֮ɫˮɿ˵ֲ˵ҽûа취
Ҳܱ֤ҿԡ
ˮҰѻ˵̫ǲܰκãҲа취⡣
ŮͷǾ鷳ҽˣҪʲôҽֱ˵Ҹȥ׼
ˮҡҡͷ˵ˣҾ˵ɣӦòһλǱ¶֣ȻûһսӦܻ⣬Ӧҵ˼ɣ
ŮʲôȻˮ˼е㾪ϲĿˮΪˮ˵Ի⣬ٿԻ⣬Ǿ˵лģæ˵ףݺҷѾˣҿԱ֤ҽκε鷳ģҲֶ֮ˡ
ˮ֪ϵŮ˵ˣȻʮ꣬ûκ˯һǿϢˮʵ޷ȷ˺Ů˵ʵ
˶ˣҿʼˣ۷ʲôҪС֣ҲҪñҡ
ˮƽ˵
ˮŮ˵İ½˵·ѹ⣬ˮͨѾ˵⣬Ų˼ͻ
ǿܳʮ治ס
ˮóܶ롣
ǿΣûа취ҲŲˡ
Ů̾ûκεˮпɬֻԼ֪
ʮ˵ܱݣǺҲȥϧҽʦҩʦ˲٣ûа취ܶа취ǲãȻԣ崦һұеЩһƵ˵ұͻŰܺܿͻ
ŮڲȫˮѾûа취ˮԼˮ֪֮˾ı£Ȼôﲻ̶ȡ
ѾûѡȻʱ䣬ʮ궼ȥˣû˸аգˮ˵Ի⣬ܻѾһ޴ջˣҲûκԼˡ
ټһ֧ʮˣúӳϯֻҪԼڣҲû˸ʲôˣǾͲ˵ˣʮ⵽ɱĴҲܶ࣬Ȼ֪˭Ҳܲ³Щ˿ڲҲпȥʵ
Щ˲֪ȥҲ治ߴʤûȥֻǸԼɱ֮
Ҳвѣ˻ԺܶҲǲҶģڵվסţ֪ͲȦ㣬οŮ˵ʵҲɲ⣬ɹҲôס
˷ģβãҲٰʮû⣬ҿԱ֤
ˮͷҲ̧˵׼
һֱҲǰ취ҽǲǺ˽ǲӦˣٳʹࡣ
Ůһ˿ݣҲˮǸɵˣ˵һЩﻰ
˻ԣȴʱ޿̶ڳʹ࣬ڵĶﲢǰֵģڿʳڷֳ˱ܵػסԼҪλãλȴѾǧٿףֻ濴ѡ
ŮѾֹһ˽ѣܿ࣬Ů˵ı˸ܣϣҲͻغһδεʧһδεĲģֻҪԼ˾ʹѣÿʱÿ̶ڳž޴ʹࡣ
ϣģһᾡȫһ˾ϲġ
ˮŮ˵飬ҽ߶˵ԽʹΪΣʵڽ˵ʹ࿴˵ϲú͸мҲǺܿĵģҽڽ˵ʹ֮رĿġ
ˮýػס˵ʹԣһȥǲһ˸ȥˡ
ˮóһֱ˵иȥ
һһ
һһȥ˾ȻͻȻ˫ۣƽڻָ֪֮˲԰ޱȡ
Ȼԣ߷Ҳ֪Ů˼尾ڳŷʹʱҲڼ尾󲿷ʱԼԣʱ䣬Ҳܼһʹ࣬Σ۾˵ʲôҲֻʶоҲʹڲġ
ԼһᣬԼŮˣҪͽˣҲٳʹˡ
ͻȻѹԼ΢ЦǿޱȵŮҲ˲棬ϲ۵˵ط죬ôˣôˣ
ϦҪŬˣûõģҲٿȥ
ʵǲٷεķǸʱʹࡣ
ҵҽˣõģõġ
Ů˲ôƽʮˣٴ˵
ҡҡͷԼҵѾˣǲˣʮ꣬ҲﵽˣȻѾϰʹ࣬Ҳһһš
ţʲôӣǶһ
ˮ΢Ц˵
˿ˮЦЦҽܺãлллٴο˵
Ųҿڶл˵Īķˣ𣿡
ˮЦ˵еĽ뻹ڲš
㻹ᣬҲ֪ûоʹܵʹҪܶ౶ȥһʹࡣ
ε˵
˻лģңһеʱ˵Ȱֹۣٿûʹͨһ
ˮĻطͷϦǲ˼飬رǷϦϲĿˮѾˣֻͨˡ
ˮҽǺǿģο˽ƣ޸һЩһЩطѾȫˣ˫ȡߡ˫硢󱳣˵ֻʹλãطٳΪǴ޽ɶȲˡ
һļ棬ԶµĶֶ߶ڣԿʳѪҺࡢ١Ϊһ᲻ϵķֳ
طѾ֪ԼѾûбϣˮ˵֮ǰĻɲţ֪Ůôҵˮģ̫ˡ
ҲܶʱκãҲûǲ
ˮһ˵һ롣
Ҫ˵һκҲŲء
Ϧڿ˲١
ϵ벻ȥӦÿԸоѾֳ˺ܶҰЩȻһһʱЩһεͻǰ
ˮ˵ʱѾʼЩɱ
طͷϦȻӦ֮ǰˮѾýֹסʹطһӷ·ãҲûֱľоֻͷãѾоرˡ
ֹ۲ûּ˺ҧôֹʹûãȴû˿ʹʲôҸطûиоҸûʹĺͷϦ˵
ֻʧ֮ܵҸ;ϲֻʱоǰһôֵϧˮҲǺид
ɱ鷳ССһˮȻɱ˴죬طϵֿ֮ٸֻǾһܻһ顣
ɱЩõˮĺȻ壬ҲҪһɱһֻ


1609 ̱Ԫˮ׼ؼ
ˮ̧ͷɿʱѾǰȥˣڻе̧ۣͷʱ򿴵Ů˻Աһֱšô
Ů˹еʵˮܸܵŮеĽţˮ˵ʲôٴʧĻ
ˮЦЦΣҪʱ䣬ʱҪίôˡ
ⲻʲô̫ˣҶ֪ôл㡣
Ů˳һ·³ôѹϢǷ·תϣ
˻һϣһһϣҲĿ꣬Ů˵ϣĿκˣֻҪʵ˾һ־޴ĳɾͣҲõĸ
˲ûţȫκʱлҲ
ˮЦ˵
Ů˵ͷҲˣϢɣ
ˣҲǰ취ĲҪܳһʱ䣬ҲҪ꣬ҵסΣ
ˮ˵
Ǿʹˡ
ŮûоܾʵҲ㡣
ʱݻĽ޳ãˮסһ¥Уסһ鷳£Ҫܾõʱ䣬ˮҲЩĿĵģųߵ㣬ԼԿ
ȻˮҲûŴõʲôԴ˽һЩǸڽһȦӣԼͻҲҪ˽ܶණ
ڣڣˮֻ֪һ廢ڣҽᷢͻоԼһֱ޷ͣ
ˮطͷϦܸõʶˮֱӵǿ֮ǰõĲѾ֪ڵˣֱֻĺ塣
󲿷ֻ֪ǿһ̶ȲܳΪڣǲֻ֪ӵߵɲܳΪڡ
Ů˺ƽ׽ˣֻҪˮͿŸоãοеͨ廹ǿ˲֮
ŮԽĺ˵ȺˣˣһôҪߵѶʲôˣʲôӴУô֪ʲôˡ
طѾϢˣô꣬ڲϢƽӣϦǿ޴ʯͷˮ档
˶￴к뿪ˣˮͷϦߵ档
ҽûϣָ
ϦĿˮ
ʱϦѾˮΣȷܲȫκá
ڲܸ㱣֤ڻʲôĵأˮ΢ЦſŷϦ
Ҳʱ⣬еˣоһΣһлָԭϦЦЦ˵
ʵǿҲҪϢϵϢϢʲôøáˮЦߡ
Ů˽ˮ͵ſڣһֱˮӰʧתص䣬˯ţҲ˯ڴ󱯻ߴϲʱһ򶼻һ߿ܡ
һһܵʱ䣬ˮɾطʱˮ˼һÿйԽϰɱЩԶż档
û뵽Чĺãɱٶȿ˲֪ٱһˮܿģµʱܽطڵĶȫɱ⡣
ˮҲһֱϺȻɱڸϰ뷨˿йԽϡ
Ϧطܸж޹ʣˮЩŬǿõ˳Էʱ䶼ڰطҽΣ׷ǹʣȻԼʵǿ󣬵֪ˮһҽʦߵﶼޱȵģƾһֲֿҽ
ЩѾط򸾺õϤˮһ˶ֶģϦû¾ͽѩŵƺϦΪ̣Ϧָǽչ٣ˮⲻѣԼкöٵЩôʺϡ
ǰµʱȥˣطڵԶżȫˣ֪ϢʱطͷϦһطһ뵽ԼڴڵвǸоڡ
طҲܸܵѾûֶ棬ЩŰǧٿݣָԼоܡ
ָܻܲûֶ֮˺ܶ࣬ٲڶȥƾˮӦÿԼָһЩ֪ʼǿʵ
ڴϵطһֳȻϢǿߵƣȻԵԼºܸͣоǹ˲Ϣ
Ϊԭʵ½˺ܶܶ࣬½˺ܶ࣬ôֲ
̱ԪӦָܻ٣Ժͻˡ
ˮѾƺطΪ壬ǷϦֵģϤ˶ѩẉ̂ˮҲ֪ôҲźˡ
ϦΪ̣ԺطΪҲ
һεḺ́ԪˮʱܳһطһЩĵҩʱ岻ʺҵĵҩ̱ǿǵȣЩЧá
ˮ̱Ԫټˮ֮һȥ˴ʱ䣬ЧҲǾ޴ģطĵõ˾޴ĸı䣬֮ǰʮֵ˵ôһָ֡
ˮ֮Ϳطò˼۹⿴ˮû˱ԼԼζû뵽ԼԻ̶ָȣ⻹ǵһΡ
ϦԼһ򶨵ô˵֪ķչԽԽãЦ˵𼱡
ʲôҲ˵ˡ
ط쿪ĵЦ˵һñЦĻ
޸ʱҲܰæһµʱ䣬һ֮ٸ̱Ԫʱ˫ӦÿԻָֻͨ˵ȣܹҪӦҪ֮ˡ
ˮطͷϦ˵
̫ˣڸоҲѵӺ㡣
Ϧĵˮߡ
ϦǸطҲûκһ㲻ʡ
ˮЦڷϦߣطĶ棬Ц˵ô죬ҲϤˣǶ˵СѾͷֶˣǾͲҪôˣΧҺ֮Ե֣ô磬Ե֣ԵˣҾҪϧ
ǰҲֻһԵˣȻ治֪ô˵źá
ԵҲԵԵģԵôһ磬ôͺһЩ˳Ϊˡ
ϦǺЦſˮ
ƽʱĵʱˮҲżȻʵһЩǵ飬ڣһȽСĴڣҲǷֵȼģǶںž޴ĺ棬ӷ
̡壬Ҫʲô飬Ҫһţһ¾ͻﻹҪ鷳չһ¡
ˮĻϦȻס
ģȥΣҪ𣿡
Ϧ˵
ģҾǻؼһˣû£ҵԱӦûٿԱסС
ڶˮԼʱ뿪Ϣߴңʲôʵڽľҷ̣ˮ֤һڸϻŸǴ׼뿪


1610 ңȻڤ֮
ˮȥٶǺܿģ磬ˮ뿪һֱ˺ܾãٺǶ˴룬õͣ߿е¶Ⱥܵͣ˶ֺԺԡõʵѾǽȣ֮ǰǿ̫ˣط򸾲Ҳһʱ䣬Լ
͵ɣһģôҡ
ˮЦ˵
ռ˵˵Ѿֿǰ˵ȥҶģҪСһ㡣
Ҳǣûʲô¾ðɣͷ̲һˣҲЩСʲôģǽ֮ʱŬʵҪ
ţڿһңԶĴڡ

ȥˣˮõӰʧԶʱˮҲʹһ˲ʧԭأٳֵʱѾҹ˹ߡ
Ҫ̣ȻȻһˣһģٳǮҹ˹ܵһɲˮĳֿѡһľ룬һʼֱӵҹ˹ԡͰС
ҹ˹迴ˮĵЦˣȻԵˮߣڲôڻж˺Ů
ˮСһҲڣҲֻǸѧ·ˮʶҲֻǺĿš
ǿĵ˹һӱסˮҹ˹ǸСѾͷǲ˵ˮܿġ
ҹ˹ˮ߹һ̸оܿģһңˮס˵֣Сһﶼ·ˡ
һ·ҲСѾͷ㡣
ҹ˹迪ĵ˵
벻ҡ
ˮűˣҲѪԭСһҲų⡣
룬ǿеµûţ޲һӵߡ
ҹ˹˵
ˮһůӰǰմգҹ˹豧סˮĲӣܿɿˣЦ˵ߣǳȥߴˡ
ˮͷСһҹ˹ȥվ˽ţһҡ
ﻹǺֵģ˻һЩˮŮ˶һϤоӿͷЩˣϲеµЩǣģҲǰԭ
ڤաˣǵĸǴˣһˮҲӵ츳֮ˡ
׺¡ƶˡ㡢䡢¸¥ࡢ˫࡭ڣԬҲڡ
ĸס⹫˾˾ĸǣλǿֵҲڡ
౴ӡ͡ԡࡢ໢͹²ǵıӡ
ѶѾǴˣĴ໢౴࣬ǰҲǳˡ
ƶ˵ĺƣĺӡ˫ĺӻҹ˹ĺӣҲкܶˣԼҲûԼһȴôŮЩӺף˵Ŀġ
ݺӡ۳̶Լ飬Ȼڷҵ˵طԶнȥҲҪһʱ䡣
Ԭڷ򣬲׺ºͻ¸¥ǽһУһ㶼ǻƶˡ׺º¸¥󲿷ʱ
ǸоڵʵѾҲˣʹŬҲͻƣԲžУԼҸ׺¼Ů͸𱣼ݻ
ҲݵŮ˲סﶼˣȻ룬ۣû˵ʲôɶԷֻżﳤסԸﲻڣοȥʱ䲢̣ϾҲӣҲһͥġ
ԼĶôгϢҲ൱ˣǰǿĸӣʱǿӾĸҺůºȻʵô˭ǵһүӺͷˡ
ˮȺӵһ£׻Ͼˡ
Сӣôʱ䲻ҿˣǲǿˣҡ
µûб仯ֻǱǰһ˿ӺݣǸԼŮˣׯҲԵúСط롣
Уҿǲ˵ѻġ
Ѽˮ⹫״кȻŮҲǣ˾ǣӣֵܽãһ滨һЩʱ䡣
ůٺǵֺˮϲﲻůҲоů
ֻҹ˹֪ˮʲô취Ȼ֪죬֪Ժҹ˹໥͡
ôͻȻͻˡ
ˮһſȥطеطһɡ
ˣⲻһʱ͸Ͻ
Ŷ𽥳һЩ͵ĲɣοӴˣгϢˣһֳģҲҵģҲסġ
̾Ҳ㣬ҶܵģҵĶбˡ
ܸܵˮĲףˮŮ˸ܸܵ׺ºˮΣ¸¥ǸоһĲס
ڤǻˡ
ˮĸ첲СѾͷСһֱܰԵˮڵʱһҪռסˮһֻ첲
Ŷʲô
ˮЦʵ֮ǰѾܵ˼ӵʵڤʵǿģоȻһ֮
ˮе㵣ģûüŪҲӲм̳ԼĺȻȻûڤڵ֮ǿ󣬵ԺҲѷɫ
˰ҵС㣬ҵĹҲˣͰҵĹӸˣӦûڼء
񲻿ڤֹ˵
ˮ룺Ѿͷǿǿ˭ȳֵģ˭ȿϰСġ
ڤȿϵģСҵδ򣬲ҹȳֵġ
˵
˼˵Сûм޹ȥʹˣȳְʱˡ
ˮЦڤĸ¸¥ȻԼģڤҪһЩɣϾǶԷ¡
ˮӲôᣬ㲻֪С޷죬Լôô
¸¥еż˵
ףҿǺĻ֤̿
ڤæ˵
ˮоСӻԼЦ¥õģӻеɺãûзʲôһ𾴳ТԼ˺õ˾û¡
ˮô˵֪ڤģ⹫ĸ׵Ļĸʱ̫ܵϣϴӦúõģҲȫӦʲôӦôûͲˡ
Сû˵Ļ££ڤƴҲᱣġ
ڤˮĻĵЦˣҾ˵ˣôˣʲôҲʲô鶼Ҫңûˣǳɵˡ
ҿûʲô㣬˵˵첻ǺҡȶǺԴף˵ǲϲС㣬ҪҪȢ
¸¥Ҳ֪һЩ
ҵСżǿ˵һ˵һڮǣҲһ²
ڤε˵


1611 ڤ֮ɢ˷֯
¸¥ڤĻҲ̲סЦˣʵ۵ĺܣǸĸײԼĺӣǺˮ֮ŦȻ˵ѾͲףʵûкӣˮҲʲô仯ֻ¸¥ԼԼһءӣͿԺȻͥǸͳŮˣȻҲ뷨
СڤǺܶµġ
Ц˵¶ĺӿǶ׵ĺܣÿһǱĺҲǣڸо֣ܿнǰҲġ
ʱҲЦˣǸҵСʵҲôֻҺǿ󡣡
ǿҲ£˵Ѿͷ
ˮЦ˵
ǲ£̺ܵ˺
ĵ˵
ţѾͷˣѧΪ˵ˡ
ˮζЦԼŮһʱ䲻ˮǶǴûѵǣİˣˮֻаݣοЩӻ㶮£ڤˮܺãϲмġ
Һǿġ
ֹһ
ˮЦҡҡͷ˭۸ҵĺӣǿմֻҪռסͲ£ȻûҲ£ֻǼҲ۸ˡ
ˮЦ˵
ˮ仰ԣ۸ˣǾͿ۸ˣֻҪܸԷϻ˵ıǩС
ˮ⻰üӺܿĵģرڤʱٺЦţҸװһס׽˵Ļ
ڤ
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ˮڤæ߹ȥˮְסţ¸¥ˮʶһԼҽ˵ܼȻӰôһʲô
ûʣϾӻڣһ뵽ˮǿҽҲͲôģˮһ֮˫ĿһЦˣСҲǵˡ
оȻǴ˵ڤ֮˵˾ǱĻ֮֮ڤ֮Ķ
ڤ֮֮һʵǧ֮ʤǿԼǿ߱ȽϺãϾԷʵԶԷʵԽǿԽ࣬ڤ֮˫֮಻󣬻ͬʵͻȻʵͿȫѹƣͱȶԷǿһ㣬ʤֺѣʹڤ֮Ϳʤ
ڤ֮Ըκӣ֮κһڤ֮Ե˭Ҳܼϡ
ڤеڤ֮ûȫγɣ˵ûȫ۳ɣҲˣˮ԰
ǲʲô⣿
ڤʵûʲôġ
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ˮĻ˶ܿģСһǿģĽ
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⻰˵ģˮ˶ЦˣʲôһӣˮҲ֪ڤ֮Ŵ˭ϡ
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ˮ֮ǰֻ޴֯ûʲôǿ壬֮ǰ˵ĻӦò϶Էǿǿġ
׺ʱ˵һֱڣֻһֱûж֯Ѿûˣɢˡ
׺µĻˮˣ֯ȻԷɢˣҪ֪ǿʵǷ裬֯ǿļ壬Լɢˣ֯ɢˣԼƺгͻˣȻֻǺԴףȴǿɴС
ˮ뵽֯ңݽ򸾣ұɢ˷֯ټķ֯ɢӦ˲ˣȻǱɢ˵ġ
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ô˵ҺˮĹϵǲġ
û£֯ĵ˲١
׺˵
Ҳôǵģҹ˹ߣҲߣ׺¡¸¥ŮҲһ֮ң
ҳ۳̡̨诡ݺӦúܿǩݺݡĵط֯ɢˣˮҲûһ˼ˡ
˫ǣˮ˵ȥͷ֯ʲôڻû˼ŮҪǨٻɶԷһЩ¼ɣںҲÿˡ
ǿĲˣϾܰѷ֯ɢ˵ʲôԷȷ֯ǿܶ࣬ԼҲС֯ٹԼϣҲԭ򣬶ԷҲ
ʲôʱˣ
ˮЦʵ
ʵڤӵܵʱ䡣
ǰ
ˮû뵽Լܻе鷢һڼҴϽһ£ҲҪŪȻߵʱû߰֡
һֱûж𣿡
ˮʵ
ûУ
׺ҡҡͷ
ʵһ΢飬ɴСֻǶԷӵܵδޣڤٰӵܴˣһǿʷưոݵģϾҲǹغģұɢ֯ûô׹ȥ
˵ɣʱ˽ҵ֮ˣҲһңȻѾŵġ
ŵһˣˮҵģıˣΪ˷ˣˮκˣΪ˱ˮ
к⣬ʵǺǿҲڱҲӵܣȻǼ岻ǿ󣬵¶˵ϻ
˽ˣս顣
˵ʲôʲôˮЦŽӹҲãԷܱԼãԼڼʱ䲻Ǻܳ±봦á
ˮӹúȥ򿪿˿ҵСһСһս
ˮЦ˵еսݸȻ⣬ҲһֱʾǳӳһǿڤҲӢС̫аǸֵˮûҡ
һֻҪʵҪԺʹֹۺԶ۹⣬Ȼ巢չͻ¶ˡ
ӹһ£΢ЦŰսݸڤСһǿߵģ޿ǿߣǿ󵽳ƣѾǱҴ˶ǿˡ
Ѳ˵㣬ڤ໢ĶӳҲˣѹ󣬲£ˮ𵭶ɫҲ΢ЦԼӻǺģ㲻֪Լ׺¡
һˮоԼУеҲ


1612 սŮ
ڤ¶νЦݣ£ǻǲɡ
ڤ˵ŰеսݸҲĵݸ˳磬ǲ£ЩѾǲıģҲ롣
೤Ҫ󣬵ӺȻҪǿʵܴȻǳӣʲôõĻ࣬ĻǾɵˡ
˫̥ѾǶʮͷˣѾǳˣͲ׺³ĺ񣬺ˮҲеϵϢһҶĲʳ̻ͬ
ҲǺԼһЩ˿һ޷ӴĸоҲףҾǣֻĻԼûǸ˼Ҿ;ܾˡ
ԸܾҲûôǴ壬»ٵĶ֪ܵ˵е㶪ӣܲϲӣƺҵ䲻һǺ˼·
ҲԭҵһЩ󱲾ͻ˵һЩ˵ĻĻҲ˵ҥΪ˸߱䲻ҵ顣
ڤάԼֵܽãԾ·һңǰҵһ󱲴ˣҸˣһûʲô󶯾ϾǺ󱲵飬ҵĳԵú󱲾̫ˣοǸоԼҵĺ󱲾ԱҪǿ
СһˮܹģǴˣҲһЩ飬ԼʱѾǼǸʱԼͣԼŮߺܶࡣ
ȻˮܹģôǺ󱲾
ȻսʱˮŮϺƽͺͱֵͣʵȷʵǿʵĴ
ŮǻҪ٣СǶ㣬һѱ޶ǿܶ࣬ʵǿֲ
ҪҲż˴УһǺܳģ֪ʵĲࡣ
սں磬սʱ˭վһӮƺϾСһûҶ࣬һǴӦˡ
˵ˣĵĻϣĵĻˮλסãôǾ࣬Ȼоˮܿ࣬ЩϲŮӣ֪ԼĸôŮϲ
֪ˮڼһº֪Ǹø˻ѹһ뵽ˮǿĵĳɷ־Ӷࡣ
ˮӦԺᾡҲֻǵ˵˵Ͼ⻰˵ҲһˣÿζǺܾòִܻ˶á
һԸȫ˺ܾòɢˣԻȥϾˮҲһˣҲԼĻҪ˵
Ҳ˺Լ˫͵ǵĺСȻСѾˣСһﻢͷԵĺˮ񣬺ҲΨһеľ˫۾ˮе
Сһ˵Ϻÿѿ˳ۣҪСһе׳Сţһ϶ͷϲЦƤû޹
ˮôຢӣ˵ÿĸкӶǺÿģˮ࿴ҲǺܺÿ
ˮ࣬ģСŮ˴ƣµȴޱȵķ飬һУˮЦˡ
࿴ˮԼЦеǷůҲǺȺһԼ㡣
ˮŮ˻صԼͥԺҹ˹ΪҪչˣȻȥˣ˫㶼ΪСӵԭ򣬱ϾСӿЦҪ˯Ժܶġ
ˮһɫˣ־Ȼ治٣εӣ׺¿ˮЦˣôǲǸоٰ
׺һֱˮķһĴڣΨǵһˮȢŮˣҲǵһˮӵˡ
ʦװˮһŮˣ䣬ȻˮһʱҲ֣ܿʱ˸о⣬е㵭Įһ
ˮ֪ԸȻûиоʲôˮҲͷˡ
ʲôٰ
ˮˣɲܻشôش𶼲á
СӣǴҲˣ˵˵ʱû·ծ
׺ǳЦſˮ
ˮϵҡҡͷûУڿŮ˾ͷÿһݸծͻоһΡ
ŮˮĻЦһ£ȴǽЦЦΪĸԸЦ߶ҪֻһŮˣŮ˿ɾˡ
ﶼˮӣ⻰ǶеȴǶģֻлô̹Ȼ˵
ˣЩɲˣҲڣٸһһǻôҲҵİֿǷ֣һȫİÿһˣʱһ㣬ҲҪȫ
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ûй㣬ҪǹҲˡ
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ˮԼŮˣͬߣŮ˶ڷ֪ôˣ֪ôе֪
ʦװŵˣʲôЦźʹҴкȥϢˣ
Ҳˣ
һˮĿɿڴĿһȥ¸¥ˮ˵˵ڤ飬һǶˣһʵ֪ʲôˣֻҸڶѡ
ˮǺЦˡ
¸¥һ¾ͺˣǸׯͳŮˣˮһʱܳˣǺ׺ߣôʱûһͻȻеĻţһκˮʱо
Ҫ˵飬ֱӱˮһѱס̴ڣ¸¥ֱֻۺܿ¥ˮĲӣͷˮ;
ˮ˫۽úܽĦļ·ܸܵǾ˵ĵԺʹ̼ĸо
ܿ¸¥ͱˮ˰ˣˮ˫֮¸¥ȥƺᣬȴǸ죬񼡷ϸ֬ͦôչ̺ۺйӵĸס
ȳ޳û˼׸⣬ʵļɢ˵Ĺˮעһ˿ķɫ˫Ҳе̺죬УʱѾˮ
ˮҲ̲סӵȥܿĽһʪ֮
һҹˮæµģҹˮȴһ̲ͣһֱŵʦװķ䣬ʱѾˡ
˵һŮǿƽʱǿױ󣬶ǿ𴲵ʱʱǲ
˯µʦװ񾲵¶Ц⣬޷ȻеɢңŮζˮһҹδ˯ָָԱߣ۲ۣ˯һɣ
ʦװ΢ЦˮҲƽһҲ۵òᣬ㹻ǿκһ⣬ƴ𴲵ʱʦװ
컹㲻ѾˣˮЦʦװıУµŵζӵ


1613 ܰļҹ̱Ԫݽǲ
ʦװ¶ȺܿߣȻе㵭ĮϾҲΪ˸Ϊĸʲô鶼ˣıסˮ
ˮĵһŮˣһҲǵһŮˣٵˮҲǶдһĿڻƺңԶ졣
ˮסе촽һֻ˯סһյķͦ壬Ծˡ
ܿǶ˵ĽȷоֹʱѾˣˮŮ֪ˮʲôû˴š
ˮʦװĲԷʱ˲һֻһȫ磬ǸҳԸҵġ
ˮ֣һЩĺһԼԵģԶҲһڳ֮ˮǶѧֳԵģˮҲôԵġ
ЩŮ˸ﶼףһϲеˣϷԵĿұ˴˶ףû˵ֻǸԶֹԼڣһŮô
ˮԼ⼸Ůˣ¶ЦݣҪ˵ˮԺʲôԼʵҲԼĳ࣬Ů˺ͺӡ

ʱˮԺӶڣҪΪս硢ڤǻȥսѡʵУֻˮоŮʺսս

ˮˣ￪ĵĽе
ף

ҲǿĵĺˮкˮļСӵļֹ˹μŮıӣȻЦ˵ҸǹɱԪ¡
ʵӵʵֲ̫⣬ˮǵѾ̸֪ôˣ֪ʲô̬
ѾˣͻȻ뵽ģˮȰǰ̱Ԫʱӹ̸ӹ̸ʵΪߣֻҪ߶٣Ϳ˵츳ˣǲߣҲǺܴģһ¥󣬲˵㣬ӹ̸ӹ̵ػӹ̵ػҪͲ˵ˣֱӾ¥ĸ߶ȣ˵ΪҲһ
˵츳ûʵһμӹĸιˣιֻ̲ԺԸߣʵսӣߣ¥ĸι̣߶ûжߣι̿Եֿƻ
ˮŰڤ̱Ԫģڹ̱Ԫʱڤ֮۳ɣˮĻ֮࣬һγɾޱȵİԵʲô仯
ˮ뽫Լ־ԺֲܿԼԷɣڤڸɣټˮ󷨺ͺս⻷ȣһ¸ǿֲ⻹ǽĽշħС
̱Ԫڤʵӵֹ࣬ڤĸӵģڤʱ̱Ԫӵ࣬ﵽһ̶ȵʱ̱ԪֻӸʵˡ
˭֪ӸʵҪ̫ˡ
ʵӲڤҪһ㣬һðԵڤ֮Ѿ˴ˣľŹоǴɱ֮ˮǽ̸ָǡ
ڤߵĻˮ·ߵģڤĻҲǺǿˮĺӶǽһЩѧѧ͸Ϊˮ֪ѧǻǸֻҪܳ͸ܻΪ档
ڵˮʹó貶ĿģսҪҪǾȻҲ
ΪҲԺ֮˸ȣ㣬ʺϴ־սˮͽ󲽣ˮʱѡġ
󲽲ʲôĲʵˮûʲôùùֻʺϺͲʺϣʺϵľǵͼҲܴﵽȻ󲿷ֶиޣֻҪ㹻츳ҲͻƣҲ˽һõս񼼣Լ񼼣Ҳսӳ񼼵Ч
ˮУҪƣܵģֻˮóмϾŹеܻΡײȶǺɱɱС
ôѾǴȥˣýջǺܴģϾʵ൱Ŀֲģ˵ǺսŰʵһξʲôҲûˮҲҪһʵ
ʵ𼸸ǺܿĵģˮͰǼȹˮٰ˹̱Ԫ
Ǹչ̱ԪҪȹϤˮʱ뿪˺Ժһȴ뵽ݽ㴦ħ
̨֪ǲǻħԼʱȥȵȰɣһʱ䣬һʱȥġ
һ뵽̨ˮ޲ȥ֮ǰħϢ֪ħûʲôҲû£Լĸ֪ħʹҲǸ׵ǸҲǽ˵ģĴȣ˵һܴĵжǿĵλ
һ֪Щģܰѷ֯ɢȻҲᱻŵˮ֯ҲǲһϾڵʵҲǱ֮뿪ʱ˲֪١
ˮ뵽Լ֮¾ԲκˣҲ̤ʵޱȡ
ܿ͵սӣȻһֻСսϢȴڶ֪ˣȻҵ˴ȥģǾֻҴȥģҶԼСš
ˮһ뵽ԼĺӵžˣΪ˸ĸΪ˳ĶǶԼ󱲶š
һ˶ȥˣ̨Ķ̨һ޴Ĺ㳡ʱΪǰһЩרŵ򣬶Һרŵ¥ĴͿԿȶ
ĻҡһЩ߼壬ǰ
ˣ
˺ִһЩҵ˲࣬Ҳ٣ҶǿŮ˲˵۹⣬ҪҵӰܴ
ܶ˶ܹҵĶ飬Խ鶼ϣҵĺսʤңҲ֮飬Ͼܹ˼ҺôǿҲֻкôٱǿôࡣ
һλвеģоȻݽ
ˮݽһ㶣ҺĹϵˮ뵽Լ֮һЩӴħ֪ôˣˮԼеѵģħһݽǸо̫ʵһ㡣
ʵʵҲûдˣֻˮо̫ʵҪôԣ̾ϣҪôû۹⡣
ݽˮεЦЦȻ˵Ҳûа취ҵ²У򡭡
ݽ˵˲֪࣬ǲΪˮԭˮݽһߵĺܽԼûлΪӦðﲹһ¡
ⲻʲô̫飬ˮоԼǲеˣԼˣ˭翿ԼЩϵɫҲ͵һЩ


1614 ҺСһĽһ
ʼ̨ûȥȻսȻǺսҲǴ壬ǣһȫ֮ս
ûȥ೤ֱȥˣû˵ôվ棬೤е񣬶ָߴģຩ񣬵Ҫÿܶࡣ
һ̨೤磬ܿһӢȥȥϻһ࣬ȻܵȴǺԣˮµӦþǱڤǸӵܰѡ
ᣬǼĵӣȴһ۲۵ӵܣʵȻҲǰߣҷչǱ󣬲ϾҵˣҲҶ
ܶ嶼żаŮʱ򿴲оˣһ˾Ϳ˸оԼļܵ裬ӣϸţʲôԼ˴Ҳֲ˲֣ţ˾ʹˣô
򲻹ڤ೤罻֣ȻֻǽּУŴӮ೤ûκ⣬ҪҸӵܷйһ£ҲԼ
೤翴ûκλ΢Ц˵û°ɣҪһ˺Լս
ˣƾ㻹䣬ʶľȥɣʱһỹ䣬ඪ˰
᲻ʾ೤ǰһǿš
û˰ǾͺãһΪء
೤ǺЦ
ˮź೤ЦˣСӺ嵹ǺʵĻ飬ȷʵǺġ
೤ϵʵһᣬֱȥе޺ȭҲˮ̸ȭ೤ߵ·ߡ
᲻мĿų೤磬ֱҲһȭ
೤ЦˣȻϴνֲûãôҲû뵽ԼʵɣȻôдǾͿȥɣ
೤ڽֵ˲ֱӻȭΪơ
ģ
೤һ˲佫ʵȻܴһأֱһȥôҲû뵽೤缸ûʵȻôǿһɽѹĸо
ɫ䣬㣬Ѿˡ
飡
һУһоߵķһӶ̨Ϸȥʵսڶ̨ûκ⣬ϾʵСԱȽС
ߺܿģ϶ǹŵȻЦݣܶҲǻ󲿷ʵϣʤ
Ǳ߱ҲǺƽҲƽֻеƣϾҵһȥģҶˣƺԵҺûӣһʵҪʿġ
೤ʵûӴȫչ֣һҲǺܿ죬ȥһų꣬û೤ǿ׳Ҳǻվɢ֮ͦˡ
೤ڿʱɫҲǱú棬жһ˫ӣͦĴӣˮģɾռ˲٣սƷУǹìȡ
û뵽೤ʵȻôߣƽʱ̵ͦġ
˵
˵ϻôôడ
ӵʱҽӴܶ࣬Щ֮䶼໥ʶȫʶٲȫԷʵ
Ȼôȥҳȫ㡣
˵Ѹٵ೤ȥ
ߵѸ·ߣ೤翴ԷƺԶԷĹѾֱֲ֣һţһȻ

ˮǧӡԻ೤綼ѧ೤ľⴸ
ˮֻⴸ˿Դ۷壬ߺ೤׼ⴸⴸ˿Զñ
ǧҲǺܼ򵥣ǧҲܿҪǻҪΪ棬೤Ȼﲻ磬ҲСгɾ͡
ǧÿмпͱһᵶֺһᵵһڼͬʱһȻ£ϣһٵơ
ԣ
һ೤Ȩκǰ֮ǰҪǿܶ࣬Ҳоʤ㲻󣬲ҪŬҪȡ߾ٲϵսԼǿнġ
೤类΢΢һΣеֱһϾ٣һ˲ϾٵĻ೤壬ͷ·˲䣬Ǻбġ
ڵ೤粻£ٶȿ죬˵೤ҪԿ೤һǧĺʵãһεʵˮ㲦ǳʵսܶ࣬ڵʵսҲȹ
ٶȿռƣ϶ڹ೤أż
ۣ
೤ļ򱻴һ˿ڣûжͰѶԷˣ೤ɫȻûΪ˱ûţɷأ֪ԼػһᣬܶʱڴԼֻҪʱ㣬ϣΪʤ
ʤһߺҪģ־ԽԽµǺٵģ󲿷˻ҪʤģʤϲúͺôһԽŬУʵͻơ
೤磺ȥ˿ѪԽԽ࣬Ͱˡ
˿ڲ£ûѾˡ
೤΢Ц˵
ˮ濴ĳˮĺӣӣҳҲˮģȡ֮⡣
೤ˮǳݵĺܣˮ˵ʲôǾʲôҴСҲǶܹգҲһͬʣΪ϶ˮ̵ġ
ˮԳԻǺģ̬Ӧе㣬һɾͣȻУϾˮҩ˲١
೤ţڶʱȡʤֻǿ취ûЧʱֻΪսöԷ˿ڼѪ೤סȴǲȥʶ೤粻Ķ֡
ˣ罭֮ˮ಻೤Ϣеһ˫޴Ĵİڶϵĵֵˮʱ۾ˡ
СӾȻԲӰͽµĽŲȻһ趯ôĴӣʵڵ೤粢İڶһɽķʽ
ƽʱˮҲ̫ȭֻһֱҪ죬Ȼģɸľ硣
ͻȻоԼϲԽźײоԽԽʡԽԽӦ֣Ҵǿ
ˣŵĿŶԷĴԽԽѹСˣôԽսԽ¡
һ񣬱೤Ĵҵ˼û೤ǿ׳೤һ治СһӽӶ̨˳ȥ
ߺܿģˮкܶ˶೤ʵڰսʵ˺ֻܹܶ࣬ùӦʤģȴǰˣһҺܶһ˲õĿ̨˵ﵶȥ


1615 ҺСһĽ
೤˿ȻǺأͣսʱͻȻоʧѪе࣬еΣʱȴֱӳ棬ͬʱһҲ˶̨ϡ
磬ˣȥˡ
󣬵˺ܶ඼ˣһ仰סǰ͡
СһЩȥˣ
೤Ц˵ȥˡ
߱ˮƺһЩǰҲǽһ׾ŵĸӣҲҲһװ塢ߣҲճһǺӢӡ
Է꿴еᣬĿͣѾʧʧˣһһҪӮ
ﵣ룡
룡
ƽ˵Ѿ֪˶Է˭Ұѵһţϱ˿һˣˮ£С
ҲһһһģȴЩ룬ʵǿӦñų⣬ϲ֣ɺЩ󱲱е񳤱ˡ
óǳԷóҲǳǰٱ֮ףȻûǹԵûе񱩡ûдƴȡ
Դ̡ԿԶһʹýԽʵӳ
֪ԼѴ򣬱ϾͶԷʵӦûһЩûбֳκεĲתĺȻ
ҲûжĻֽˮĲ£ƺһԡ
·ʤߵıһҲֱӷأӰһ󲽣
ľŹѾﵽ󲽵ľ磬ÿһ̤ĸλѡԺǿĸλĸУĸλҲһ˲䣬˿ĲҲޱȡ
ŹޱȵȻ󲽣ĳĸȣ󲽺Ѿľ߻֪ѧö಻ѧþûһζͻƾŹһֱͣ󲽣Ҫ󲽳͸
ҲھŹѾﵽвǲѡ󲽣Լ㣬ţкǿԭԣọܷ̀ûӢš
ˮӻǺģ֮ʱȻȻûڤ֮ԵĺȻһֻǿƶٵ⣬ͰԵ޼᲻ݣˮԼĺȻûǿ

ʹõҲǻҲЧģˮƽҲ˺ܴãʮĥһرǴ֮һ
ȻûˮһµùҲĥһˮ̵;飬һЩϵѵ̫ȭ󲽣ʱˮй֮޲
츳ϣˮϲܺãϾܶ๦ǴƵģ֮Ϊɾʱ䣬ˮнĳɾͣӲΪԼ츳ãоԼ츳౴硣
ˮʵǿ۽ˣɵ츳ûйϵ츳һ㶼Ǻܺãȴ˵ôֻ˵Ƕĳһ֡
еĳ𻨣磬ÿһжֱϬҿԴӸǶȣһϿһǶȹûˡ
ĶѾʼӶ࣬ΡָɽȣҪ»ԼϽڽϵ֣ѾʼںϷָ
ָڽУôŻǾ
ˮ浹ǿýζԼսӳǰһʱˮͻرο
ҲһˣҲʳ֮ˣĴѾӦʵǿٶȿ죬ĲûʲôɿԣһʱҲԴ
Ĵţʵս˵ҪʵսѸʵսģڲ֪սҲ
ͻȻﵵĳһҫ۶ĿĹֱ˫ۣһ⣬ǰͻȻֵǿ۾ӰҲѸȥ
ôܴᣬӰƹ֮һ׷ȥеĳȻӿ죬֮ǰɣӦһֱصǿ󽣼
⽣
ҵһŽԼʵǿģⲻԻۣҿͻȻԺԳֶݵͣ٣ȻɹмʵģһЧġ
ˮûжﵵĽļ򣬸˶̨
ȻҲƾ浶ǹӮˣ˭Ҳ˵ʲô⽣ˣοʹð֣ΪʲôҲҪ̣¶¶¶¼ϴпȣʲô޵еģֻʵɿġ
ˮִһסֵ˼£ֹѪʵϵĲأҲ֮ǰԷҪ֣ˮ֣ҲûкҪ˵ǿ߶ģĹ򴥷ˮĵƹ
ףҸˡ
ʧ˵
ѾˣӺɷô¾ͻᱻ
ˮ΢Ц˵
֪ˮûйҡҡͷûУʵԷе㲻ġ
ǲǸоԷһЩֶΣ
ˮЦ˵
ͷû˵ʲô
˵ܺèèץסǺèܿܣսʲôֶվҪģ֪˵Щܲ޳ɣ֮սʱʹκֶΣֻܻŲҪģʵܲпᣬɷصҲҪɱϣ˼˼Ǹ̫׳ԿսأҪסŲס
ˮЦ֪ڽϻķһЩ仯˵һ£ɣʶıԣӲҲ̹ǰ֮ĲУ֮Ĳޡ
ˣллף
ĵˮ˵
ɵСӣõô𣬸ǽ
ˮЦ˵Ŀġ
ڤʱֱ˶̨ûʲôԵı飬վǰһﶼĽɫֻڤᣬ˸оСӺа
ڤһذףˮģˮˣذҲһֲɱˣ淺ļµĺ⡣
ڽӴڤĿǱܵһ㣬һʿϱڤѹƣڤٺһЦ档
ڤ˵ӰһӰﵳȥеذ׸߸𣬵ʱڤһֻȴһ
ţҰ
һΣӰѸٴȻеĳסڤĹѾ֪ڤóֻڤʲôҲûŻѡ
ߣסڤĹ֮ڤȥ
ڤٴһ
ȻӰѸٶ㿪һŻ֪ڤŻǱܵĶ㿪һһ
ڤĺܣٶȿ죬еذȶҲǲСвﵺڤսѹƺܴ


1616 ҺСһĽ
ڤûа¾һΰֻÿζŻﵺܽÿһζܣڤܵʱͻȥ͹£ƵöԷһңҲһ㡣
ڤǲϵĽɧţһƺΪڤһٴһ
һѸٶ㿪ʲôҲûУﵺߣűˣһÿһ˼һ̧ҪܣæӴһÿһζûУһҲ˸оǽһҲûǺڱˢ档
ڤϵЦݺ䣬һֲмﵱŭˣаҲûаյסֻǽѣϾǸˣѪһڤȥ
ڤЦźٴ𣺡
ڤ˵úмɣ˱֣


ﵳ嵽ڤǰһ׵ʱоһ飬ҧһһϸţëڤذֱһﵵϣֱӳɳ̨
еľĹ⽣Ҫʱ䣬ʲôʱóóģڤһǴѪҲ˰ߡ
ˮЦˣԼԸеԼ𱻶Էڤ⽣ǲʲôսù⽣ҾðͶ
úãһҵСӾͲǺöȻ֮ǰù۾Ҷ㱻̵
СҲаŵģһｵһ
ǰôûйϵ
Ȼô˵һǺܺõģаŮӲҵӦ֪ѣβö˵ѣ
ǣү֪үүȲ裬ү˺ܺõģܶ˶ܵҵĶݣھһ̫̫ĿûǮö޳κãǶҸһҲʳǹúܺá

һ˵ô£ڤаû˿۸ͨ˺ˣ۸Ҳ۸һЩĶ棬۸ЩżаŮүӣһ֪Ⱥеҡ
ʵһŻǺܸߣֻҪã֮Ҳʱ֧һЩ޶ŮʲôģҲȱ⼸ǮˮһֱƱж񱨡
ΧܴȻˣǸӲζ֪ʵʱ䲻˵̣ܶƺѾͨ˻һЩĹϵǺܲʱ䳤Ǿ͸ˡ
ڤƽվڶ̫棬ûʹʲôǿս֮֮е޴Ͼöʱ򲻶㣬öʱһֱ㡣
һʱ䲻ٴȥһ꣬ڴҸоҲУôһʱ䣬Ѿȥüλˡ
һòͨһ꣬ЦƺҲͨһ񽣣˼׵ĸо
ˮҲһ㶣һӣϧûѡѧһ񣬿ϧû˻̡
ƽֵ˽ӣһҺûеλˣƽСҲͨƽ·ʵ㲻ҲԭһֱҰɡ
ƽƽƽĶȹһĸ׾һˣѾ޸ϳˣƽĸ˸סҲûڹֱȣƽᣬֻңܱ֤Ǯ죬ĸҲ
Ц춼˵һ仰Ҳǹ̥ʵ㲻ҲûϾ˽ӣ˽ҲǺӡ
費ǼҲǺеλġ
ˮֻһƽû뵽õôϢҲ˽ⲻٵġ
˶û˵ڤֱƽɱȥΪڤ֪Լ֣ƽǲᶯֵġ
һ֣ˮСӻ츳Ȼʦͨѧ˺ˡ
˲ôѧģˮҲûн̵һɣΪԸйϵĿǰҲſʼѧ
ˮֻǽǽжּ֮ɻǺʵõģ˶ҪܸߣȻһ嶯˴Ҳѧˣѧĥһ˵Ժԡ
ƽĲҲΪÿζˣоǰһе񽣴Ӳڤж֮Ҳõĺܲ
ˮƽСֻҪ΢㲦ͻ̫ϳΪһʦ
ʦɲǰǸʦܱȵġ
ڤĹϬߣƽһζķأûнǼˣˮҲģսҲǺܲڤѧٶ
ڤһһϸţëֱӴ˴һΣĳƽĺ棬ƽ˫𣬷һסڤذףͷһƲպö㿪ǵ롣
ڤذͻȻӿһ֮
һĻˣƽֱӱʴһ㣬ʧˣƽһ㶣ȻʲôҲǧƳɵģѰĸҪӲܶ౶ǵӦ֡
ڤŹᣬӰȻͻذףȭϾŹֱӽƽ˸ֲϾڤذ׻Ǻвģʮ֮ڤһɳȥ

ƽеʧĻصңʱһģ˵Լ˵ģʧ˾뿪ҡ
֪ҽͺܹ뿪ƽƽ˵
ȥ˷Ӱɣ̾˵
ˣллƽת뿪ˣ裬ͦι¶Ӱ뿪ɫе㸴ӣ̾
磬ҲΪãȻҲڣѾˣǲ뿪Ҳڼˣʱ򷴶Ρһ˰ο
֪ҶԲҵʱҲûκζɷ֣һ뿪
˺ҪһЩҵһ׺ҪȥϾԼĺӣΪһֻ֧Ҫϵڼĸݵء
ˮڤܿģСӺܹϣ֪ҪʲôĿԺǿˮоСӽŪþһħͷ
ƾڤ֮ͰԼƴ˾Ȼʤˡ
ʹߵ·߲һŹǿ󣬶̫ҲɣҲԭˮʱǴӦȥԭ
ȥѾ֮ǰɱˣȥһӣӦʮӣʵӦû
һ£еüӺϣַе²֣֪֣˵ٻΪ򶷷һЩء
Ҳû˵ʲôóˮ١
Ƿɷ貨ӣӰƮɢһˮһƮǰ


1617 ҺСһĽģ
ַںìܣó֪ڲϧʱ˫û˵һ仰ַ˵ģûп
ַҲǰģôҲִϡ

һɱǷɱϵСһֵģҲǣֺѽɱ֮ˣҲұ
е㲻ˮŮҲǼٴһεȻȴֱ꣬з
ɱɹؿɸڷɱҲѾСгɾͣȻԸǿ߱ˮλһģûãСһпħһĴڡ
ַüͷеĳһһϵ֮ȻܺȱȣҲΩΩФ

ַеľпԷ΢֮Ƕ߻޶ãַһֱʹĬ
һ˿ַһ˿ϧС˷ɱȻû𺳣ȴͬȴڣοķɱ˿Ҫǿܶࡣ
ַ̽ϧڿƮɵĻһ㣬Ǻܿ죬ȴǸպôݵĶ˫ֲϵϷ
ַ㽥ͷϳˣɱǾзɱĶԷͶԷģŵġ
ֻǵٲûнйûпַ㣬ŸĲϵߣַȴ಻ԵΧöޱȣΪеɱַ֮ϡ
ַҲһȻϷ·˼ѪһͻȻٶȿĲ˼ɱȥ
һΣȻһһ߿ķ֮·ҪһһҽȻ߳ڿдǸӰ˿˿ƿ֮
ž
һַԿɽʯһֱӽַߵƺһеĳȥǷһĹ
֮ǰһ߿ķַʶʶܵ˸ţοһҲһĽŷǻɱһС
βţ
ûٶΪַʶȤĻѾˣӦ֪ôˡ
ˮһֱŵЦݣľֵܽߵһһַݵûκ
ַû֮ǰڤʹˣǼҴͷβʣһΣù⽣ѾʮˣʮʤһΣѾܶˡ
ıǿ˭ʤĴ࣬ǿ˭ӵվ棬ҺܳסȥȥľȥʵսһҲǻ£ԲŻʧôΡ
ҵӵҲսеõĺôҪĶ࣬ˮ֪ȥһһǿļ˰ɡ
ˮﲻģ˵ľŹҲǴﵽһľ磬ȻˮɲŮðա
̳һŮӣһβ裬޳һʿԵúӢҲƯԵʧɫܶ࣬ϾͬһΡ
Ůһӣˮ뵽ǰ·ϱӣǸ߸β紫˵еŮŮǰŮ
ƶ䣡
Ůˮ˵

˵
ƽȺһѹȸУѹȻ˸оԼһεģʤ
Ů̬ᶨҧҧСˣ
ƶµѥӷ⣬ӰƺеģһȻһȥеҲȻһ
ĳ˲ֱһ
һָ٣һֻȴóһѩ׵ĳӭıһֱһСһ̵
ƶʵﻹǺܹ˼е٣ֱӽٻٵԼıӱɣ·޵׶һ
ҵĽӳֱһҵĳһûκλڿԣǱһޡ
ƶԼʵǿЧֱӵİ취ʱԽԼû
ȻͶԷӲӰһȥףʱƶ¶һ˿ŹֵЦ⣬ӳȥıӷ·һ˲ľ½ڱӰ֮¡
ԽԽıӣӵĹʱѽӵģˮ̹ӱӵĹߣҪؼλãñضϣҲɥʧ
ĳڱӵġߴ硱֮Ȼƺܼ򵥣ߴߴ磬ߴһԵģҪ׼ҶԷҲ᲻ѶȾʹˡ

һָ٣һ̽µĲ鶯һְȻһʱƶƵˡ
εǿ಻һͱˣھһֻɽϻʹõҲֻǻεϣʽȴǡ
һζķԲŻнõķأƶ䱻ȫѹƣֻܷأͻȻһ̵ƺأ̴
ûҪɱˣûٱƣѸ룬ȴԷѡ
ƶʧȥϵĵεѪҲƺˡ
˻ǣһ߿˵նȥɣ
һģеӳڶ̨ϣеľֻ˫۾ȴޱȣһգ־ͽա
䲻󣬵ҲСҪһҲǼһ֮ڶһ壬ʮ»϶ˣͨ˲һͨһԪ٣Ҳڽ꣬Դ½˶ϵʹ½Ļйϵ
պᣬһѽһûнʵĽˮʱ֪Ƕ֣һΡ
еĳȻ󻺻Ϸ

ϧղΪ·һˮҲһ㶣ˣ˳˶ɵӣմҲкôģһصǡŴ¡˵ʲôҲŲ˾һڶһһܸš
Ҳ֪еֱӽ
նˣһͿԲǺ֮ǰЩһεģһȥͱ޿ɱܣһ־ԵĴ㶼㲻ȥȻ㲻ȥɴˣеĳѸٵһ㡣
ĽȥֱӺ˲ףɫһƬ죬ʵ̫ˮŮʱһӰ֮䡣

ȥɣ
ʵսֻ˵òʲôôԱûбҪôȥ
߱Ҫÿܶࡣ


1618 ˳
ûյʲôˣߵˮǰе䣬Σʧ˶ῪģˮȦе㷢죺ǲǺܲ
ˮЦסŮ֣ɵѾͷľңǶҵĽ
Ұˣ
Ȼе㳬Ȼ⣬ǺܺǿҲе㲻ͬĵطڳˮ޵һЩ似֮⣬ʱ䶼ǻ滭ɵȣܿģˮκǿԸʺսһЩҪֻΪǿԪ
Цű˱ˮ׺ȻСһʱ䲻Ǻܶ࣬׵ӰӺ׳ŮȶҪ࣬˵ŮãӶá
ˮûдЩӣˮںǽʱһЩرŮֻҪģ㣬ӸŮϴڵۡ
֪ԼĺӶôˣˮʱЩУᣬɱһ㶼ûгɼҡ
ˮڣоȷģŮҲչˮһֻЦСꡣ
ѾͷôˣЦСꡣˮЦݾͷ·𿴵˻нһѾǺˣԸҲе񣬻龫ֵġ
㿴ǰңǸŮǰС㣬ѾӮĺøˡǺЦ
ˮҲΣ˳Ŀ⿴˰ңҲǸŮһѩһŮܰͬ亢Ҫ죬Ŀ峺˼Ȼ
ˮһ۸оŮӲֲöϲˮڻڤǲΪ˶ˣǰԼӾͻһƵ飬ʱԸûγɣȻҲܶͣڱǰҪǿܶ࣬˵ҲܶһЩ
ڤСˣϲС㡣
ڤûȥϢˣȻһ񼱵ģˮЦˣ񾭳ϲ˰ɣ
ǵǣʱƺˡЦ
ʱ̨Ѿʼսսûκκÿ֮ΪһֱӽմӶ̨ϴȥ
ˮһҲ⣬ʵһƥеģ½ȥһٮٮߣǻûκûһеġ
ѾûȥˣȥҲǶˣҵĳˣŮ޲ʵǿʵսҲǺܷḻһܿеġ
Ҳ֪Ů޾һϳˣһһ˷ϳǼһСֵܣཫʮֻǿᣬʵҲǺǿ
ȥʱܶ˶ΪǺܳģһҲһҪʮģӿǰʮ߰˵ӡ
治ҪСһսھȻȥһ䲻ͲҪ𡣡
ΪһСһˣҪģûôҪġ
ʵҲСһһСһСһĺֻꡣ
ûǲ塣
֮ǰ˱ҭһ£ʶȤıͣ
ҽ򣬲֪ɲԣ
΢Ц˵
￴ûˣ㲻о𡣡
СʱҲСħˮ֪Բ˿ڻûж
ȻСһҵСһҲ٣ʵ˽ӴҲǺһӴҲŭзȵ˵
ʵԸһĽӴΪеСĻеˣһʱ䲻֪˵ʲô
ҳȫ㣬ˣҵͱ㶪ˡﲻϵĸѹѹ̫£󲿷˻ᷢƫֻ˲Żѹ֮±ӳ
˵Сһܴʵ˵أתƻ⡣
δ˴ʲôҺˣ˵˭ῴء
仰е㶾ˣʲôкˣǶӾ˵ܣһȺǺˣ仰Һ˷ĳƺţҵĺȴǱҺ󱲴ĲҲ̶ãǺٶʱڰˡ
ҲǺܷŭ˵ǿʼɣ
Цŵͷгһ罣һƣˮһȻƣû뵽ھȻ
ЩСһɱȵģʵǺǿģϧҲֱгԼֻޡ
ɵţ¹׾ܵȣȻ˾ȵĿȥﲻֻһǿߣһǿѱʦ
гЩ޻Ǻǿ󣬱ϾЩЩڵҩɳʵѾֲܿǿûго䡣
治䣬յʱ䣬ˣǰ涪ˡ
Ѿͷˣɣһд裬ӡ
ˮʱ˵Զ
ˮĻĵѾˣѾʮˣˮǰǵǸСѾͷߵˮǰĵĽף
ҲΨһı仯׺ĸףһ𣬵ˮԶס
ˮϰߵԴϹſĵЦݣ滳Сʱ򣬵ңңһ档
ʱ䣬ǴһСʱһ棬òã
ɲڡ
ڣ
ʱ̨ѾվһߣΧ۷׷׵С߿ΧЦҶ֪ҺͰҽ׼ңȥɧӵܵδޣǰӵܴˣ˱˻ôңҺ㣬Ҳ۸ǲǡ
˵û˵ʲôڮҵĻ˵Ǻ֪Ҿ˵ڮĻԲô˵
СˣһЩû˽̵ĶһҲΪãǲл̵Ϊƽѵ֪ûϽģСӱûϵ̿ŬδزǺ£Ƕһˣչһʱ䲻̵õĸǣҪֻǱôڮٱˣҥ¡
ˮ΢Ц˵
ɫеǺ죬ָܿƽսʤңҵǸȴˣҲϣϴ
ˮ˵ʵ˵ʵĲףܰѷ֯ɢ˵ʵˮ˺ףϾͺյЩ۷߻вС࣬һϡ
ҿԴӦ㣬˫˭Ӯ˶ҪӦԷһ
ˮЦ˵
κ𣿡
ҲЦ˵


1619 һд棬ƽ
˵ĻˮЦ˵ԣ
ҵǿߣҲǱģҵǺˮô֪˲򵥣ҲûˮսʤԼǺܰѷ֯ɢʵѾ޿ŵ˵һλҵڵܴ󣬲˭Ҫӡ
Ϻܵ͵һΪ۸ͷϣǿһļ壬ȻеʵԺǽа壬ǿҲ֪ߵغ
ǺǸƢϾô꣬ʲôûмǿ֮ıü˳սĴ㣬Լս
һʧһ֪ҵǿ
ˮӰһѾڿУ֮ľֻʮףһ㶣ǿߵս뻹ǺΣյġ
ˮһֱŵЦݣһεսƺûзϣǺôľɸܲˮȷеʵѾʼĴǰˡ
ˮȻݵϢɢǿֲΪǰ˲ĿˡԴûмʶĻǾɲ⡣
ǺоˮûмʶҲĿˣһ޳˺һЩͨ˴һƬͨһЩϢҲ֪ˮϢо˲֪֮ˡ
лǿҵţΣᣬǿǿʲô̶ȣ΢Цˮ˵룡
룡
ˮֿտգƺûҪó뷨˿е㲻ΪѾóһɫ
˲ˬֱжֻ֣ӰһʱˮҲˣˮٶȿݣһȭ˴ȥ
һȭѾ󾪣ʲôҲˣ˼Դ֪ԼԴ֪ӳȥĳˮԵһȭ
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ˮһһֱӽ˵ĳɣҲɣˮҪһдݻ˵ģҪشˣԼ뿪Ҳûκвҹ˹ڵʵС˫׺¡¸¥Ǻǿ
ҹ˹ǿֻһξޱǿֻҪǺûв˶޷κҹ˹衣
ܱɢֻ֯ǱɢǺɱͷʱɢģȺ׵±ɢҲ˵˽֯γˣƴһΣѷŴ
˿³һѪһѾ˵ǺˮһѾˣ˵ԪͲǺܶˣػҰû⡣
ϧúõģȴƫƫԼЩˮûʲôøУһ˻죬ɢҲ֯ЩʣҲŹҵġ
֯ĺûˮۣûоԵĶԴֻƽƽ⣬ˮֻҪң˭˭ûйϵ
֮ǰиҲ֣ȻΪͰСйϵô¾ð˻ɣû£Ҿûйˣ˵ǲǡˮ΢ЦſǺ
ǺͷһƬңˣˮ˵Ҳˣˮ˵ֻΪ˱סҡ
һ˸мĿˮһۣϾǺˣЩҪҵĻΪ׼Һױ꼰㣬ˮһ仰ԱסңΪܶ˻оΪ˺Ͱô˵ġ
˴Ӧˣˮֱ뿪̨˵߰ɣǻؼҰɣ
һҿĵĻȥˣÿ˷·šǧʯһ㣬һɫأд󲿷ֵĳ֪εʧζʲô
ҵĵλûˣ󲿷˻ûʶֹλٵţΪ󲿷˲֪˵ΣΪȥһ¾ͺˡ
һУ˻һдǺǺʲôˣɱͷɢǿߣǿ߱ˮһдܣۿġ
˺ܶ࣬ǺģҲֻһʣµĻߣϧǺ̫࣬ҹ˹һ˾ӦϾĻο񼼣ҲŵĵǰĴڡ
񼼣ˮûʲô޵ġ
ҵôҹ˹豧ŮӺ䱧ţˮ˵
ڣûвˡˮЦ˵仰ѾѴ˵ˡ
ҹ˹Цˣܿ죬Ҳᱻ˦
ˮţҹ˹ңˮܷģȻһЩŮûңҪвҵġ
Ԭհ˼ϣŮҽǹˮϾˮʱ䲻׺¡¸¥ǽԼУԽԽоӪҩΪϵҩģֱӵ꣬ҪƤ
ҺԺסΪ˹ؼʱ̣ʱ׼չء
صҺˮедԼŮˮ֪۲ۣͻȻˮʵһҪ̫ѹ֡
ԺԼ飬ҪǿԼرǵƿǰġ
ȵֻˮŮһʱЦ
Ůˮ⣬Ȼˮ˵еǰǿиˮ۲ˣԼԼ״̬
вֻкܶģȫһֱǰÿһЩʱ䣬ȫĵͻƱϵʱǾԼϲģһֱҪúܶࡣ
ˮ˵
ˮ֪˵˵ҹ˹ЦھʱһᣬˣҾͺС棬ȥпܺð
ʱˣˮˣƽһصĸŮ˽Ů·еȳգеϣܴҲ˳ѽ
ʱˮǰԺͼСһ棬ſڴ֮ǽƽŮˣ֪ܿŮƽĸס
ôˣ
ˮʵϴŵЦ⡣
壬Ѱһ֮أɲǡ
ƽˮƽ˵ʹ˵Ļʱɲ˸оһȡ
ˮһ㶣֮ǰڶ̨ˮܿˣ̫ƾ츳̫һߵĺԶҲֻ룬ϾԷˣȻ֪Ҳ˴ãлҵѪ
ھȻҪˮȷǲһֻǣԵǲǵġ
Ҷ˲
ƽЦſˮ
ˮһǰһʧ̬΢΢ҡҡͷһТӣܰĸף뷨Ļǲĸһģ˵ԼԼҵˣ֪ǲǣ
ƽЦˣ棬Щ治˵ҵһкûйϵԵҾϣĸƽҲߣֻҲȫϾĸһˣ֪ܲܰң


1620 ټħ̨
ˮЦˣ˫۾ûл֮ǰһЩƽ飬ڼڿƽ˵һɣ
¶ҪɣҺұǶģʲôԸƽģȻ˾ӦɣһʴȾ˵ùȥģҲһТ˵ùȥġ
֪һֹ򣬽ж֮һƵĹҿԽ֪ɲԣ֮һˡƽ˵
Ǳؼ˵ĸ׾ģΪⱾؼôһĵλҲҶһЩݡ
ˮ츳ܸȤҡҡͷҿ԰㣬ؼˣҸصТģȻҾӦġ
лл
ˮŴŮ˵ͷЦҲ֪ôƺ㣬ȻͲҪ⣬˺ܺ˵ģסһʱ֪ˡ
ҽܹõİƽѾҵˣǺûκιϵ
ˮ΢΢Ц
ȻЦЦһɵİ⵭İƺԶ޷⿪
ƽסˮûиоʲôѾȥˣҽҪʲôûйϵûֲΪ˭ı
ˮɰŮ̱ԪΪרŵĳԼƽĸҲˣܿƽĸ׾ӦûˣֻпŵģкܶණʲôԼ
һһŵģƽʱʱҲʹ³ֲʱ򣬻ʱ
һܵʱһξ͹ȥˣƽĸȻȫңѾȻˣƽˣĸҲһĺܿŮˡ
ˮƽҲΪôĸοҲûȻˮҲ
ҽɢˣû֪ѾܿҵˣǺˣõϢˮûκε⣬һж֮еġ
֯ٴγ֣ڵķ֯ҲԪ˵Ĳᣬ֯һ־ǰݷңֻˮѾҲκ
ɺ֣ܳ֯Ҳоӣ˼͵˲κϹϵ˼ǿҲʾ˱˲Ҫȥ
ħһΣˮĽӴҲʵֻвŶɹ٣ѾˣһαһΣգ׳׼ңѾȷּˡ
ˮȹħ˶Թˮ֮ӿȪ౨Զˮӣκ١
֮仹Ǻ̸Ȼ㲻֮Ҳ࣬˵ʵ;Ͱﲻ㣬Ŵ䶼ѣ˵һ˽ѹ㣬ǸѶпܰﵽ㣬ܾ֮ˡ
ˮǰħʹ˵ģԽħԽ񿴵̨գ¿ǧǾޡ
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սˮһӵˮ
ˮҲͬսһӵ֮ܺãΪüħԭ򣬻üħͬãսǻüķˮս֮ǺͶԵһս
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Ȼҽ㡣
ˮ˵Χ
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üιʣ֪ˮ̨գ֪ˮ˼̨ϣŲ
ʱ̨˳úˮĿޣƺǰһЩ˸о廹ôŮζƺûǰôǿơ
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ˮһֱûп͸Ҳûиоʲô仯ҲûиоԼʲô׽Ҫ֪֮䷢һЩܺá
ԶַˮԶָһ̣ŮװһһˮоǾ̨һΣ֪֮ĸоڲڡ
ڣ֪ڲڡ
ˣ
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ˮϹЦݣ̨˵ܿĵͷգðɣ
üϹЦݣսųȥľ뻹һģϾǿǹˮ̨ա
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ˮ̨˵ĽָˮϵŮװеһ
̨տˮĿ⿴ԼϣҲһУϳһ˿ЦݣҺܺãòã
ˮѾЦݣǱȰٻŵľҪ𺳣ڿ΢Ц𺳿ЦҲã
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ûУǻᾭ㣬п㡣
ˮŵ˵
ˮóôߣȣ̨ûȥôģԼлЩ֪̫Ҫ֪Լ뷨ûб䣬׼֪ԼǷûб䡣
̨Ҳûŭ΢΢ͷͣһ̧ͷ㻹ûб䣬Ҳ㡣
ˮһ㶣þûָôҲû뵽˵Լ̨֪˵ԼԼ˵Բһ
Ҷǲǳֻþˣңˮ̨Ҳһ֮ң
ҵѣҵѺ٣Ҳˣʱ䳤Ҳ뿴㡣̨պƽ˵¶һ˿Ц⡣
䵭ЦԲЦֻҪЦĿģǿװЦԿЦʱˮҲ˵ů
ˮоԼеļЦЦڸкҺܺã֮о֮ǰҲܺá
ʲôʱģ
ָָ̨λһ˵Լ
ˮ£˵ľܽûһ˿覴ãر˫峺ˮӶԲλĸоǿҡ



1621 ɣ
ˮеֵס΢΢ƲĿ⣬һ뵽ԼɲְĿ˫һֹǵ
̨տˮ΢΢ǳëϸܵĽëܳǰİЪٽëҲ̣ȴʵģЩٽëÿ
ˣϼе£Ͼʱ޲һӳǰ
ˮоƺһһ
һλǲǺܿҪ뿪ˡ
̨̧ëˮǴסһǣع˼ЦЦ
Ǹӣʧ㲻Ҫȥϼ㲻ʧ˾Բˡ
ˮԼҵһԼΪʵĽڣ˵ﻰ
ڣ
̨û
˵滰㲻ҵĶҲҪԼ
ˮϲһЩĻ⣬ΪԴеһЩ䡣
ʲô˿Ҷ־塣
̨ƺ첻ų˵ЩƺҲˮҲԼѡ
վǰԲλ࣬ǰȻ̸Ц벻˭ЦһЦҸо㲻ôƮңԶô
ˮٿЦһ˵
ҲǸˣǲƭ˺ܶŮӡ
̨ûпˮǰĲ˵һ衣
ǸˣҪڻԥҪҪף˵ҪҪأ
ˮں̨֮һ֣ЩҪ˵
ҪҲϰЩʲôʱ뿪Ⱦơ
̨ҡҡͷ˵
һ̨պͬǣƺǳЦһЩ֪ǶԼһ˵ģʱһֱ
᲻ߣҪģҾͲ뿪ˡ
̨ҡҡͷãһҲҪȥҸܵħеٻ
ˮһ뵽ħеı׶ˣȵһ̶Ⱦͻħ֮ħ֮ѪʱԻ䣬Ȼȫʧңʱ֪ԼʲôҲоЩǰо治鵽ʱҲо
ħɥʧԣˣ˻ǰˣѾǰ飬ῴһС
֪ħ֮Ѫ𣿡
ˮĵ˵
֪ħе˶ħ֮Ѫħ֮Ѫħ֮˵ǿ֪Ҫ˵ʲôЩ鲻Ƭһʣ˵أ
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һ˵һǰѻƬһܶ˸оԼǸסȷʵסס˺٣Լ־סľԲԡ
ˮľָооϣģΪ̨յԲһħеܱȵģֻһ㣬ʵԽǿԼԭԾͻԽѡ
ˮе㵣ģĿǰҲûı䣬֮ǰҲǴôŮ˰ԼΪԾħ֮Ѫ
ɣ㵽ʱɱҡ
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̨Ц˵
ʱսͻüŷ˳úõģ˵ʲôء
ü˵ŷеĲȣ̨û˵ˮվЦȥ˲ˡ
ϵܣλס죬ǲ뿪ˡ
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һ²Ҿ͵뿪ﻹ飬ǻðɣ
ˮЦЦûϸ˵ʲô顣
Ǻܺã˵Ҫȥ˵¸ܵһϤ˸ţҲġ
ս˵Ҳûж˵Ѿˡ
ˮЦŵͷգҪǴһȥΣܱһȥã֪˵ħ֮ˡ
̨ƺԥͷҪҺˮȥɣħˡ
ˮæЦ˵ǽϸɣȥİѣ
ˮϰߺսϸ磬򺰵е֡
սͻü˿ЦҪСġ
ˮ飬ħкħе˶ǹϵܺõģֻ̨Ǹ⣬֪һκͶԷʲô龰
ˮûиϣǫ̂վ͵ԼȥڽҲͲ֪ˮ֪ҲͲᵣģȻˣˮ͸оˡ
극һ̨վ뿪ˮҲ뿪׼ź̨һȥǸ̨յʲôˡ
üˮҪ̨һ뿪Ҳûǣ˲һ뿪ħĻû˵̵ҲǺܺõɽʯ
ˮǰ棬Ҳ棬Ծͺ磬żϵĻ˼ʱ
ˮǹģ̨֪ˮǹģεĿˮ峺˫ۣ⻵˫۾޹Լе޴ӳڡ
ˮ̨оʲôҲʹܶ໰˵ЦҲ̫֣֮ܿĸ̫
ˮħҲŵססĵطȵ֮ŷһȾԭеȺģ̨סӴԿ̨յķ䡣
֮ǰ̨ոǸȻͻȥˣˮվڴ̨յķ䣬һӺĿ̨ճڴڡ
΢ڣеһµܺÿʣ̨ҲˮˮЦЦ̨ҲЦЦֻЦݺǳ
Ů˸ˮӡ϶˺ܾãݶһֱԼս񴫳УħС
ƲȴڵһμעҪףˮȷʲǫܸ̂ܵյһ仯ȻС̨˵ȴǾ޴ġ
ο̨ûлصı䣬ˮڵ̨ر׺ˣģһҪŮ˿
ڶˮٴξһ𣬲ʱսͻü뿪ˣˮҲûʲô飬ȥ̨յ¥
£
ֵ̨Ŀˮ
ˮЦſɣûҲЪ𡣡
̨ʵˮﻹеŤ֪ˮϲԼȻ䣬黹ǿ֪ģ˵֮飬رһη飬ôǣȻǿԼɲлǸ棬Ǹʱ֪ջϢҡ
ˮ̨Ա£棬ˮģȻмҲа߶ľ롣
㴫ˮаҿ̨գ¿ԼᱻʱŷԼʵҰ
ˮСĵӷ̨ƽˣԭô޼ɵҲһ档
֪Ĵ𣿡
ˮ˵˵΢΢Ťͷȥ̨ա


1622 ̱Ԫ
̨վȵĿˮ˵֪ЩڣΪħокܶˮеħУֻһֱûнӴ
֮ǰںݽӴһЩڣʵǿ⻹غĴڡ
ˮ뵽յյиԶսзĴڡ
ݣûڵĴڣ
̨տˮһ˿Ρ
ˮһ˿˵ĸоǲ廢ڣȻˮ֪ǣ֤ʵ֮оأܲ顣
֮̾ǰҽӴһڣһԷ򸾣жѾʮˣٴλȥ֮κɣ
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ˮĿ̨գѾͷҲΪ˿ˡ
̨չĿˮѾͷһСƺΪʲôϲء
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ˮ̨յķӦĵЦˣҿɲ֪ҾǸоһɽ㡣
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̨Ϻƽ˵ζˮܿģ˵һ˿鲨ƺеһ
ô᲻Ը⣬֮أգ뿪ˣħô죿
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˫ۣȻɢһ˲µʣˮɿŮˣ䣬һĹ°
վԼǰֳˮûԼǷݰҡҡͷЦս㣬ҲҪʧ̬ҲǲǱǸˡ
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仰̨պܲ仰˿Ҫȫѵ·֪᲻ӦҲᣬһԼҡɣֲ֪ʲôʱѾôųˣһ˲
ں˵˵ҾͰӳȥ
̨һ䡣
һˮֱӳܡ
ˮ̨ſڴϣ׵Ĵѩ׵ı쿴ջ󣬺̨ſŴã˵
ŵȴޱȣѩ׵˯еɣе۾һЩϢ
ˮ˫ִļϣֱܵЦҪţȻʲô˾ӣҲû٣ϲŮˣһ׷󡣡
̨ˮֿʼѹˮڹ̱ԪʱַĻԣ缤ϸһ°빦ҩҲԺա
ַ˿ѷɫָоŮҲѷɫˮûб˼ͻһʱϲˮַ
̨ҧ촽ܵ˫ϵ壬һƬ飬ֱŲԼ֪ʲôʱѾ뱻С
ˮ˳ķ۱£һֱ֮䣬Ļˮִ̨յʱ̨ܵյˡ
ʱ˵Ӧòڱôˣ֪ܿˣСԼַ֪Ůе㡣
̨յйɵĲ˼£ˮһƬǵʲôҲûз˺ܴĵΣ˫ֱȵ˫ϡ
ϵķﲻ©ѾǵڶˣСͣɢʯһĹˮǰôҲ󵽽ſôһϸ𪡣
ſʼģλ죬ڵʱѾˣһεЧǳĺãˮе⣬̨֪պΪ飬İϱ뿪ˡ
ˮ뿪̨̧֮ȥף˫Ѿûı䣬һ˿ˮ޵Ϻϼˮ￴治֪ܲܿסԼ
̨˫סȻԡȥ·ˮʪˣ֮ǰȻ
ԼȻǰ֪ˮûУо֪ȻôʶȤ뿪
뵽¶ЦݣǺƽġ
ϴ֮ɣоر㣬һ˵ĸо֮ǰһоƺҪɳȥˡ


1623 ̨յҹħɽ
뵽Щ̨յˣ֮˳ȥպڣ뻹ûгԷ뵽ˮҲûгԷ򿪷˳
ˮҲǸϴ裬ϴһĻ棬֮ǰǷݼ尾ʹֿ֣ˮʱһ㶣ܵ˭ˣֻѡ
򿪷ſ̨վ⣬һ˿ȥĺΣ˿κǰǲͬģˮȻ̨֪ĵЦˣ
̨û˵˽ȥƮָоˮֲʵĸо
̫Ҿϲˡ
ˮٺЦ
ˮ⣬Ȼ̨ˣȻôֱӣһЩ޵ĻҪ˵˵ռˣֻΪ֮ĸо׽һЩ
һûгԷ
̨˵
ˮȻ̨֪βŲΪҪʲôģҲûΣЦЦʲôȥ
ˮʱҲ壬Ĵر𣬱ΣյʱԼԣŮȥԣʲôҲ
ӲΪڼʲôǶ˵飬ݴ½ʵǲ³ģгɾͻûгɾ͡
гɾ͵³ĸ٣Ϊûгɾ͵ĻŮˣŮ³ǺӦõģϴҲԹŮ˵顣
ǰˮҲģŮǿ˺ܶ࣬ᳫŮƽȣһһ޵ȣȻ˵ȫƽȣƽȵģǰ³˾ͺܶˣı˺ܶࡣ
̨տˮǰϹһ˿Ц⣬˹ȥŮˣǿߣԺܾòԶġ
ˮ̨ûԷһԵĽڣΪεʮ²ԷûκβʣԷǿԼȺܶôԻû¶һ͡
ǰѳԵһܣʳɫҲľ磬ԳԷɽ亣ζ߸صķζСԣԵһܡ
࣬ҲĲһܷʵǿǿһܴ
ˮɾóܶ࣬ʼ죬ĺģÿԸĳЩʱĺܺãοڳˮǿպҽˮϲκ˲ڻûмǿġ
ɾ̫֮ܵˣǰֶʮ֣ɾġ
ˮ̨֪ﲻΪ˳ԷҲȷٿȷԲȫΪ˳ԷҪѳԵá
ǰ˵˩סһ˵ľҪ˩סһ˵θˮ֪ŮʲӦоӦҲá
ܿޱȵζʹ˳̨ǿڷԼȻеȲĸоºÿķɫȫŷ˿ϡ
ˮ̨ڳſЦҪҪԣ
ҲᣬǲҪˡ
̨æ˵˿ƺԣѧ
԰ɣʵҪǲõúãҲô㣬ԡ
ˮЦ˵
̨ЦŵͷȻˮôͨĳˣϵ˳򣬻Ǽϣٸ衣
ˮĲȻˮһ߸ʲôʱʲôʵˮ࣬ϾƿصĻˮѾƿˡ
ζʱ̨ҲţǰԼҲԹоãһֱûҲźͲйϵɸΪ֪֮ҪΪˮô
õķ˶˵ϣˮóһ̳÷ƣóֻˮһСȵģǰŴȾƵСÿִ
̨տˮһСľҲ峺ȪˮǾⷹ˵ζûбû֪÷ƣǰˮֻǺٺȡ
ɱ˵Ϊʲôɱء
ˮƱЦ
˵ɣ
̨΢Цſˮĺɣ֪ϵЦƺҲˣ仯Լ֪
ǾΪɱ
ˮЦ˵
̨һ˿ȻԵĺԼڳ˯ԵֲݻѾһ׷ԲԵˣԼһôߡ
̨˺ֿܶܣһʱˮǰλΣʲôأǲǶͼ
̨ոоӦõģٱһ£ɱ
˳Բˣˮֻ̨ѡǷݣ˵ԷóԲóǿ˭ԣϲ˳ԣѳԵķҲܿɿڣͲϲһԣٺóԵĶҲûζʡ
̨տԥһ»ǷݲһЩҲܺóԣϱܺԼĺѳԡ
ɲܺ´ԵĶ֪ʲôʱأЩҡ
ˮӵλû
̨Цû˵֪˵ˮ˵ʲôǵ͹ˮʱƤ
ǸգȥԷòã
ˮٺЦ
̨ձˮĳƺûڣ̲ס˵˵ò˳Էˡ
ˮٺЦҵԱٺ
̨գ
ʱܿ͵뿪ʱˣˮ̨մǱսͻüüϵҲǺܸߣˮҲһЩͻƺøħڵĴ󲿷󷨶µġ
ˮĵˣһź̨յķȥӦٽݣҲݽ㴦̨տѾ֪ҹħɽ
ܾǰ˵ҹħ֣ݽ㴦˵ʲôУﵽǵعϡסŵĲһЩɡҾһЩ˱ƵͶ·֮ˣЩкҲʮˡ
̨˵ħߺϢǺпҹħɽгֵҹħ֮ûиõĽ͡
ҹħħһҹħͻǰʵɣʵɣ¶бףǰ죬ˮо⣬ԷӦûϳԼ棬ǰԷҹħĻ
ҲǿԭˮûмʹþУɴŵǰԺ̨˵˵󲿷ֶˮ˵
ˮ뷨̨ħߣһбħˮͱħ߽Ӵһǿħô£Ծˡ
ҹħɽ𸽽Ҫܶ࣬ƺչղĵطƣģȴֲܲҪӡ
գܸܵԷϢ𣿡
ˮĳƺˡ
ܸܵԷɽУԷƺڼǣֻܵˡ
̨տɫѾ˻ƻʱˡ
￴⣬ܲɿеȴִԲֻǻ᲻ʱıƶ䵲ס
վһɽۣȴȻԷ̨գôӦþԲϵʱ̫
ˮ¶һ˿΢Ц̨ҲԶΪһӰһֻһֵĳ֣߷


1624 ҹħҹ
ͨӰˮԷӦһŮˣȻȴˮʵǶԷȫ¶°ţֻ¶һ˫ӡ
ˮ֪ԷͣͨϢжϳԷǿĽ׶ΣԶԷӦò󣬶Ӧûᡣ
ˮ̨վԷҲͰ֮Զ̨տŶԷȿ˵ûдĻӦİɣ
ҸоӦһˣ֪Σ
Ů˵ˣеͳһ˵϶ôĺԲ˵ʱһ˫Ӷ̨պˮ
ҹħ
̨տŶԷ˵
ҲħѪ֪֮ǰΣӦ֪ǵʹ˾ǻԵ
Ů˼˵
һˣ
̨ռʵϵʣҲû˵ķУϾŮ˺ģʲôҲʲôҲӦǲɻġ
Ҳ㣬Ҳǵõҹħвãһֱһˡ
Ů˵仰ʱһֱ̨պˮƺ뿴ǵĲ
֪ħ֮Ѫ𣿡
ʱˮ˵
ŮһֱˮֻˮʵҲ֪ܲԼʵˣֻ뵽ħߣԷӦòẦԼ
õħе˶ħ֮Ѫֻħ֮Ѫħǿ
Ů˵Ǻ̹Ȼ˵
֪֪ħ֮ѪԽǿԽ㱾ʧױŭȻɱײϡ
ˮЦ˵
ʵˮ˵Ҳ˵ֻ˭֪Ʋܼãħеʵܿ죬Ҳǿ˵ħ֮ѪҲǴ˵ֻҪ־ǿܷܲɣÿ˶ǸоԼǿģοħ֮Ѫ˵ҲǴ˵ĸࡣ
˵û֤ʵһġ
Ůԥһ˵
ʹʲôҪʹȥ
ˮŮƽʵ
ŮͻȻоԼʶԼһеѣĿˮ̨գΪʲôҲ밴ʹȥܵ˴ߵĺôȥħеʹҲʧȥҿǴӦ˵ġ
ˮѾܵŮ˵ʵٶԼ̨ûвֻҪûԼʵǿôǲˡ
ҹħóҹսó䣬óٶȡɱԻȣˮЦõħֻ˵˵õħоһҪȥˣĴмʲôĻӦɱ¾ɣ㿴ɱжǸɱģжǲɱġ
ˮ˵ЩʱҲΣھʵϣڶԴʵУаԼΪҸûʵɣ˲Ҫ
ҵպһͲۣͬڻܰѳֱĵʱҪԼıģȻʱʵǿʲôãֻһʬɱ˶ħѡ
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ûа취̨ˮһ£ҪҵĵѾɱüˡ
ˮعڨڨЦԼˡ
ŮҲھᣬǸûнӴħߣмҲⷽļ䣬ֻǻɺϵõ˴УıԻԭġ
ˮջѹҲǲħߣҲϣʲôΥ飬ȻҲŹ㡣
ʲôһˣܵһϢоÿģѾˣûˣΪٹ¶ˡ
ŮͻȻʧ䣬į
ˮֹ֪¶ҹħǽƻģˮţԷ˵ˣ̨ˡ
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Ů˺ԥ뵽֮ǰǾ޴ѹֻҪԼǺף˵ҸŽ㡣
Ů˵Žϵɴõ¶һƯˮо̨ۣǱˣСҲǸӣֻǱ̨Ҫ٣òʶ˲٣Ů˵ӦñԼСһЩƲŮˡ
ҽҹȣôƺǽ𣿡
ˮЦˣѾͷ˵仰Ը̨ȴ˵ҽ̨գˮҺѡ
ҹȻ֪һЩ̨յϢͻȻﵽʵȦӻİǿԿһЩ飬ˮϲ̨ա
ˮǾһϣȥ
ˮʵеɻ󣬵õҹħеӦǷݽƻҲõõȻҹħǲϸģҹȴǿܵеˣѵΪų
ҹеȥҲܣټһޱϤȻӦ
ҹȵӰʧҹħɽˮЦ㿴ʲôûУ
ҹħԽƻԼֻûиоαװʵǿ΢һЩû£Ҳ˵ľ
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ˮǺЦ
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Ȼͷ֪ҹһͼҪԷʲôԭ
ҹȿһֺ⣬ȻܺϵˮȣҲһˣܿˮͷеĲԣҹȵƽʱҪôһ㣬ÿһ±֮ǰӦöһ¡
㣬㡣
ҹȽһֻɽõĺȵݸ̨ա
ֵݸˮһȣһֻǰȳԡ
ţղ
ˮ߳Ա˵
ˣҹȵֶξﱻ˶뵽ҹħóľ䡢ɱԻҹħĶԷͬһ㣬ֻѡ˶
ˮ̨˵жһҪǣһֿһʱ޷ʹԪĶ
ˮ̨ճһֻȣˮֳ˺ܴһ飬һ߳һ޵óԣԺпڸˡ
ǰԺпڸ
ҹȵ֮ǰȫ仯ƺһӳ˺ܶࡣ
ˮȵĿŶԷҹЦˣʲôʡ
ˮһɫ䣺¶
ֻ̨üˮűıҲЦ
ҹȶԼĶǺŵģʱĵЦܴе̶Ҳܿˮ͸ܵԶϢ
Ȼˣֻǲ֪ʲôˣʱ̨յҲǵõħ֮ˡ


1625 ħ㣬
ˮһ㶣û뵽ЩõħеҲѾʼ£ϴţõħ֮ˣһҹҲһˡ
ֻˮ֪ΪʲôҪԼ֣ĿǰˣˮҹߵʱǱ׵⽹ۡ
һǿ׳ˣ£ǿ׳һɫ磬Ũüۻɢǿҵѹ֮
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ħߣ
Ǿħߣħħǿļ֧֮һ˵ħԶžħĺˣԴ˵ħкоħѪ
ǿ˿䣬վҲ۵Ĵڣο˵ʵҹҪǿܶࡣ
磬ս񴫳ߣŮȷʵħߣǸô죿
ҹ΢ЦߵЦ
üˮ̨գų̂ͣʲôʱ䣬ȻͿˮ˫۾ƺ̺һ˵ȡ
ˮǵһοһǫ̂ջĿ⣬ǲαװģαװġ
ħ֪Ѿܳʱˣ֪ûȤ֡
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ˮоܺǾħصħƣһѹԵƣģҪƾЧ
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˵ͷ磬ҵĴмҪ֯ħеֵܽãȻħߣаģЩս񴫳ʵսħߣֻǸĳս񴫳߶ѣԶʱڣǳƺǵħսħֻʤˣͳս񣬶ռ˱ˡ
ˮʵ˵˵Ļħ֮Ѫ޷ıġ
Ҳҡҡͷħ֮ѪûйϵǴٶйϵֻҪγ˵ʾͻĽͣеĸǺѴεģԲħ֮Ѫ֮˵
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ȻȥңҺ׼ңףܲܳɻҪӵģ˵ˣǿֻҪһԸͲǿ
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õҲԶͷݳҲңңӦе֪йϵġ
ˮȥ۳ѾͻһϵԼȻף۳㽫ڽȥģڵ˲ͬ⣬Ե۳ǹڵ۳ʵҲڿٵֻԺ·ܳڣ̫ңԶˡ
ǶѾᵽ˷ݣΧҲˮΪʲôôԭҹ˹ƾĻѾԾ㡣
۳ݺҲǲѷɫ٣ɷȣǵλþҲͰ·̣ˮʱʣɽ
ҹ˹ɽ֮ѾȥˣЩŮҲʱߣϾ󲿷ֶˮӡ
ˮȥɽɽλڷۺɽѵ˵ɽɽˮ죬ԾͰλѡ˷ۺ
ۺıʮǷɽۺǷɽ۾ӿпɽһֻչڷɵķˣƫƧûסɽһֱ
ۺ˵ǺȴͦģҺͷܺţɽɽûռ٣ǰݵҲǺܶ࣬Ҳˣһ붼Ǻ֣ţҲֱɽʧհɽһ
ˮʱÿ̨̺ڷۺƺ˵ʲôĵ飬ϵķЦ
ˮĳŮĲѣ̸ֱˮɹȥһӾͱסˮ
Ů˲֪ʲôʱѾſˣˮҲǺܿģ̨һ߿Ϲŵ΢Ц
ˮɿ̨̣诿ǣȻе㲻˼ȻЦҪϲҲԱҲġ
̨̺诱׽ûףǱ˴˵ⶼ֪
ˮȴǴ󷽵ſֱۣɣմˡ
̨һ߹ȥı˱ˮֻǻûˮͳ˺󣬿ƵɫȴǿĵЦˡ
˵ϷɽѾɽĽأһɽѾΪɽֻΪ˸оϰߡ
ϴ뿪μѾܾˣŮǻо尾ˮ̱Ů˿ѷɫʱˮôҲ͵һҶϡ
ΪˮŮˮһֱǾ࣬Ҳкôʱ֤˴֮ĸ飬˵סʱ;Ŀ飬ˮŮ˶סˡ
ˮһһ̨诣ޱ㣬粻ǰûй涨һҪһһޣⷽûй涨ֻҪŮԸ⣬Ȣٶԡ
ˮȻ̨诵֣֪Ů˻ûȫ׼ãܸܵѾŹŮˣ֮Լ֮䷢˲ٵ飬ԼԼɶʱ򶼱˸


1626 ̨诵
̨ҲûйֵĿܣֻ¾ûټ֣Լû뵽ԼһŵʱһŮˡ
ˮﻹеģ̨ǰһҪƤŵ󣬿ִšֳŮεɫЦˡ
ˮ飬׼ˮϲˮĿǰ㣬ˮмŮûҪʲôûдһֱڣϲˮ˾￴
ˮ̵뷨Ů뷨һ룬ҲоҲУϾǶһое㲻ʵϾŮ˺ܶ඼һ֮
ˮָоˣ粻ǰôҪǼǣҪϻڣֻҪ֤ɻͿԣ׾Ϳԡ
Ǿݴ½һ塢ɡ磬֮ҲɺͼͳηΧ֮ҲǼ
ȷе˵¼壬֮ҲǼ幹ɣͳҲڻʼңϡ
Һǣ
ˮŮɽۣΧĻľȻǴȻģȴǱЩ˹ĸʱһЩ޳֣á
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ãҸоһЩ
ҲЦŻӦȥ̨诡
ˮû˵ʱ˵ܲǣ˵ȻȴеαֻٺٵЦá
ǰһݵأĲݵŲȻ΢紵·һȻһгߣһбĺ
յůġ
Һ̽ûµʱͻһᡣ
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ˮǰһЦôһ˵Ҳһ£ߣȥǱɹɹ̫
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ˮ߿Ҳͷͦʵ̲סʿˮ̨诺ȻˮĿ̲סһ졣
ˮһһȻӵұҲˣ˵尤ź̨ܽ诲ƽʱеӿ죬ʱĻˮȵĳ棬һ뵽޷ƽϾǸûоµŮӡ
Ϊ̨Ҳڵԭֵеңˮʵʱ飬ʲô
һ˵ͺˣʱ˵һЩȤ£ľͷˮĵôʵֽ¥ݰˮ
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Ȼ뱧ŮߵѹˮϣǱԵĸоֲ˼񡱣ϵ㡣
ǲռôǿ̨诿ˮɫšһ¡
ռûйϵѵּƯŮ˾ռе𣿡ˮ̨说Ȼ˵
Ҹо㻹ą̇̄΢Ц˵
СӾȻһҵƷˮֱǷ̵ͦһ¡
ʹȴǺ·ҲܴôҪʲôɣҪΪ֮
̨һˮ䲻˵ˮѾ̨֪诵⣬һŮѾʲô˵ˣס֪Ǹ쵰Ҫҷıɱһܡ
˵ռǿ˶
̨ȻѾ˺ܶܶ࣬ҲˣҪԼеƺѣʵ֣ϾǲȱŮ˵ġ
ðɣ˵ǾǣҰˣÿжҪģΪһҶԲһдۣ㶪Ҳϧ
ѻ죬úõĸ˵Щ̨诲ϲЩ
ǲˡˮЦ
ΪҵĽڣҲ㣬Һ̽̽˾̨诺ǺЦ
˵ʱô졣ˮ̨Ц
Һ̽һȻܿˡ̨Ц
ˣˮҪðʲô˵𡣡Ц
̨һˮһۣȻ˵Ȼȥˡ
ˮ̨֪뿪Ϊ˸Լµʱ䣬̨˵ֱ뿪ˡ
ϲ㡣
Цſˮ
ڻȽǵɣСˣˡ
ˮһĽѹ˺ĲݵϣΪΪܿ

ȵ˻صۺʱѾˣŮסڷۺĵһСϣһ˹죬ۺȻкǰЩҪܶ࣬οҲд
һ̾뿪ˣˮȥ̨诣ˮҲȥ̰ˮ̨诵ķ䷽ֱӻطˡ
ˮӣԼŮҲ̨诺廹ڼ̨֣ƺѾûô֡
̨ȻҲǺˮž룬йôҲĨģˮоģֻʱ⡣
̨诵ķûˮһƾͿˣ̨վڴŲԶĺ棬ԿһϺ֮ࡣ
عͷˮˣ̽ء
ˡ
̨һ㶽һͺˣ̲סܱܲô
ˮЦߵߣʥ˵ʳɫҲ˵ɶԷһҪͨˣʳΪ죬Щ߿Ժܳһʱ䲻óԶɶȳԷҪҪ
֮ǰˮҲ̨诵⣬Լһ㣬ƻȥˮ̨ûвõɫеˡ
ࡣ
ⲻûоͲˣﶼ֪Ǳܡ
ˮЦ֡
̨΢΢һˮ˵Ҫ׷ҵģҲӦҳҴӦܶ񡣡
ˮס˵ҵȻǵãҲӦ㣬ҲӦҿԱ㣬ұ֤㲻ͬҲ㣬Ҳףѵ㲻ǵĸо𣿡
ˮ˵Ĵ
ˮǶô˽Ůˣ֪ŮҲһҲֻŮ˸ԣһЩĻŮ˺ջҪˮ̨֪ʵѾǰųԼ
Ů˵һȼ˸ӷ̨ˮĻˮһ뵽ˮһĳ棬Ӿ̷ӿ죬Ǳܡ
Ҫԣ
ˮԽ޵˵
̨诳Ľë˵ڣСһôھ˵ЩϻԼţԼûٿܣҪԼ˵𡭡
ˮȻʲô鳡֣Ҳô࣬ھǹģ̨ǽɫҲһĪĳ㡣


1627 ͨһ쾭͵ؾ
̨ıסˮĲӣһֱڲˮ˵̫֡
ˮ¶ĵЦݣ̨ǸֵŮˣ˵ʵѾǺˣˮ屧ýģǾӨĶһ¡
̨͵ر˫ҲԾ§ˮʶĶˮ֪С
ˮ棬̨۾գӣҲǽգ֪Ů˺ܽţĶͷ۾ӣԸе촽
̨诽촽ˮĴʣ§ֱץǷ̵ͦϣֹ⻬ϸ壬Ծˡ
̨诱ܵſڣˮͷ̽ҵ۵ķ׷
̨诵ĿʼӦˮһΣˮ˫ֻ֮ǻȲ
ĺе㼱٣µĺһɵ㣬ǰǿ֮࣬ǰŮ
˵Ůģиݵģǰ˵ҲУ٣˶ûһܻԼʵԭҪŬıŵף·ٺҲ档
ˮһֻ쵽̨诵½ץסǰ֮ͦʱ͵غˮֿˮֻܽ˵ͷֿ
ˮҲû뵽ӦôңŽεŮˣ̨߲ˮ
诶ҵŮ˰ɣˮ˵̨һˮЦ˵ҵģһûȫ׼ã´κòá
ˮ̨诵ĻѾܿˣһ޴ĽˣЦ˵㲻Ļ𡣡
űûء̨һ䡣
Ǻܱûţ㿴ʾˡˮ̨诡
ǼӲ֮СĻţҿˮͷņ̀ͷŤסˮ䣺ļһ
˵С㣬ģûзӦҲŸÿءˮֻǰץţֻһƿزסĸоˮǿҵĳ嶯
ôߣ̨˿˵
ˮûзʥӵŮ˾ȻҲôһ棬ˮֻһȭľ룬š
ϲ𡣡ˮòŶˣӿַԵĹ̨ѡ
诶ҿɣˮһֻòĻһ˵쵽ĶС
̨说ʱĻˮֺܣƺԼ뱻ʹıסĽӴѹȡ
ұֻ֤ǿһˮȸİƱ
̨뵽ԼѾˣҲΪʵڶоԼеᶨ뵽һ龰̵ıɫ
ˮؽ⿪£ˮ·ҲǱȥǿ˺ܶ౶м̨诱ֹܵΣܿͱѵˡ
һ˲ѩѩ֬ϸɢĹ󣬱̣ͦ˵ķ۵ˮȥ
һˮûкֱӰ˹ȥ
ˮҲѵ·̨ںһʱʱѾһʱˣ̨֪Ϊʲôɫˡ

ˮ˫޹ķ̨诣һ壬ȻѭһٷȻٽȥڴСľ
ž
һ쾭ͨˣˮ⣬תܸܵľڲϵ̨ҲǾȵĲ˼飬ȻԼʵô
һЩаŹַʽ֮ǰеţˮҲˣ֪ܿûк
̨诱Լʵŵòţ⣬ˮڵʵ̨诵ʵ̫ˣһģһЩ̱Ԫá
ž
ͨһؾˮҲһ㶣ʱ֮ƽʱˮʼʼǵĶ硣
һֱɫ΢΢ڵʱ򷿼вƽ
̨诿һԼѳֲסˣֺֺЦ鷢ˣûиеţ̤ʵˡ
˵˾Ϳ
ⲻûаס𣬸ղҿҲͦġ
ˮǺЦŷԼϵŮˡ
˵Ҿ̫⼸ˡ
ˮϲ㣡һ̨ˮ˵
Ҳϲ㣬ϲղ𡣡ˮһĶ
ϲ˼ڳܲסˡ̨诵ССҪˮĶˣȻ
ˮûٶסҵŮˣˡ
һñҪ磬ʵ֮ǰѾˣ޸㣬˭Ҳޡ
̨΢۾˵
ˮֽ˽ʵܶʱҶԼˣоҺܺãܿңûصǰǸСɽʱ򣬿㣬˵Ҫ޸ңҶš
ǲ˵ʵҪء̨Цſˮ
ʱΪʲô˻Ǹˣ仯ܴ󡣡ˮЦ˵
ʲôֵģʵı仯ʵһ˵Ը仯ţҲҲʵԸıһ˵ϣЩòҪģ˵أ̨֪ˮ˵ʲô
ˮҲǣŮŮлƿڸоǰЩʲôϲϲǮˣϲȨģʵǮһƴ֣Ҳһƣٵľ͸˵λơ
ҵ诶ö࣬ܵԼʵ˰ɣˮһ¡
ӵе࣬һֱڵء̨ƺ˵顣
֮ǰ֮Ĳе࣬ʵӶӷΧ֮ڣ⣬ҲǼˡ
ˮĻ̨Ҳ˿ʼһΪʲôаħĹأҵʱ룬Ҳˡ
ˮ㷢ЦɵѾͷҾǺԼҲẦġ
̨¶Ц̧ͷǸˣ춼Ҫˣһ̽㣬ȥ䡣
ȻƫƧ֮أ̨֪ˮа취ֱӵһǳС
Сʱе龰Ҳֻˮ֪ˣ̨߳ʱϵĺζȥˡ
̨̿诵ʱ֪ʲôοķ̨诵ķ̨ܽ诿ʱˡ
߹ס̨诵֣ˮǲ۸诶ˡ
ûУǻô۸
̨ȥߣˮȻӦֱӴʹ˾Уһʮֱӳ˳ǳء
ɣ㿴˺ܶ࣬ߣ˳Ե㶫ɣ
ˮ˵
ŮûȥνҪ˭ȥ䣬ԶҲǳԸգһЩɫСĲˮĲ٣һЩɫζСԻǺ
ϵСԵģһͷĽֵǰҲģһֿԳǧʲôۣһ洦ɼ


1628 ֮ǣ۵ľ
ǰŮϲ֣ʵֲŮϲʵܶҲԸ⣬ֻ˸ϲԼϲŮһ֣ͲԸˡ
Ů˻Ҫһ㣬ҲͬϲԼϲȥ֣ŻоҸ
Ƿݵһ˴ˣۺﲻٷڣݺܽˣ˵Ƿݡ
ʵԭ̨ںܺãûΪһγʲôʣοˮҲһҽ
֮ǣ
ĳǳؾͽ֮ǣ֮Ǻܴ󣬶󲿷ֶǶ㵽ˣԭǳ֮ɣϲǶôĿֲ
ȻڷݣǷڶһ㣬ˮ֪ݵػػ˭Ҳ֪
֯֯Ȼִͷ裬ˮ֪ǲػ塣˵ÿݶػػģֹһ
˱߱һЩСԣ󲿷ֶǳԸζϾĶ̫ˣͿˣųĽֵ˵Цı߱߿
Χܶ˶ῴˣϾ̨̺诶ǧﶼһľɫˣǮŮȨǰ׷ĴڣǽǮŮʵ
Ǹǰ棬ͻʵʲôˣǮֵǮģǰ˵˽ǮһУΪǮҲʵһ֡
үǱλСĺһ
ˮĶεʵŮ֪鷢Ͼʵ˻ǺܶģοŮ˾Լȥ
ûʵһƯŮ㶼ܣΧŲİ취ߡ
ˮĿ⿴ĸ۾ľȻעԼϣֻˣһˣ˧⣬ϹŵЦݣ۹ܺÿˮҲò϶Էһˡ
ǺãǾܸʶǡ
΢Ц߹ܴ󷽵Ĵк
ˮһ㶣Ϻ٣ڻƽս񴫳֪һϵϣܹϵֵģû뵽Ȼһ֮ˡ
ʶ𣿡
ˮ΢Ц˵
ˮʵҲǵõ˺ܴͨһ쾭͵ؾõĺôǾ޴ģֻҪ쵽ˮսһ
ûΪˮĻһʼǲʶģÿʶǴİ˿ʼģλС㵱Ҳİ𡣡
ˮܵһΣ˺ǿֻһ֮ң
Ҳ˵ˮѾ۷ǾԵ۷壬ܣˮʵڽӴ黹Ǻ׵ģϾ̨ף̨ϻ߶ࡣ
ˮڽӴΪûеǸΣڵʵԽӴһЩͼߣĿǰûнӴ
˵Ӧúˮ£ʵǳţһˮо˵ʵսʵӦýӽߡ
Ҳϲ㽻ѣʲôֱ˵ɡ
ˮЦ˵
仰ֿ˵ζҲûзŭǿˮϲߵŮˣҾϲҲľ㲻ôҰɣ
ҵŮΪʲôҪ㾺
ˮ¶мЦݣòȻļһʵһ֮ˡ
Ǹ˲Ƿ֮ˣûзʱеʵͼ˶ǲᰲֵ֣ʵ̫ˡ
֮ǵܴ󣬾ż֮ǵ֮һܺ;żҿ⣬һĳӣȻһСһүүˡ
֮λۺһĴ󲿷ֶһռãһǿļԱǧ꣬ڼѡ϶á
пܳΪһԪ㹻׳ˣԾھżҵĵλܸߣҲǵλܸߡ
ˣû˭˭ģҲûʲôԼģʶʱ򶼲˵ԼģοĶˡ
ҡҡͷ˵
Χܶ˶Զʱߵһȴ˵֮ǣүĸҲĸү˺ɣҪʲôү㡣
ˮɫƽֻǸ˵֮ˮһȥ
죬ȥû֣¶һ˿΢ЦƺּƵóѵζ
ž
֮ǰ˵ֱӱɣк߶ûкһֱ˹ȥ
ǷĶ
ˮЦ˵仰ʵֻǸεˡ
ˮȥһɱˣˣоûбҪɱͷҪģǺͶԷͬһϣоûеôŭΪЩЩˮоСѡ
ǺôĵӣҵҲҴ򡣡
ˮϵЦʧˣ˵
ž
ˮһֱһ˾ϣûдɣȷʵˣ˵˲ˮǸоˬ
һˣȻ˸ҴĶ⣬ûȥԼΪʲôûж㿪ֻҴԼ
ΪеʱΪΪˣɵ㻹䣬ǰһֱɱ㡣
ˮ΢Ц˵˵ȴǺ䣬þĶһ
֪ˮ˵Ļˣһ˲ɢϢֻͻȻʶԼˣôģϾô˿֮ǾżҴү˴ˡ
֮ǣֲ񡣡
ˮͻȻ˫۷ɫĹâֱˮ۾
ˮʶеͼֱתˮܵһģͷۺƵĸоָоܵˮľǿ󣬻޺ȿԵľ
ֻһ˲ʱ䣬ʱеһһˮĺȥ
ˮ˫ȻһĿֱǿľֱþ͵С
ɣֹˮҲ֪ԸʵԼױɣ䲻ĻɹʻǺܴģĹǺзյġ
ˮ׼һʱԶѸӰˣˣһϵ𣺡ס֣
ˮûж֣ηɻþܴܵ˺ˣο֮ǰԼҲʱһ⡣
һֱӵ˾ߵָһɫĵҩУһ˵Ȼȥ
ˮʱҲˣʣµˮûп
䶼ϣģѾܶûбˣҲͷףûе̬ӵӡ
߶ߣˮҲò˼żҵʵҪ֪ڷݣ߾Ƕߡ
˵ʵغ֮䣬ʱҲڿˮ


1629 ʮһ쾭ؾ
ˮûֹԷĶû˵ڵ˵뿴˽ô
ʲôˣΪʲôҪ;żҹȥ
˺ƽ͵Ŀˮ
ˮܲϲֵһѵĸоˣ֪ʲô˵˵˭˭ȥӹ䶼ܰǣ
ˮ˲˵ô˴ӳ־һֱϣûʵûƷˮǲɫġ
ҿһżҵˣ֮ǣûҾżҹȥ
Ҳŭƽ˵
ˮЦˣһֲмЦһһֵ˵Ҳ֪Ǿżҵ˼˼Ҹ㣬Լ鷳˭ҲȲ㣬Ҫʱ䡣
ˮΣǺŮתתʲôҲûˣǵʱͲ࣬ʱ˷档
һ㶣Ȼüͷ𣺡֪ҵҪƾʲô˵Ļ
ˮҲЦˣһص߾ôǿᣬѵ֮ǾʵҵҪָ˵Ҹżĳɣ
һˣԷһۿԿԼʵ˵ԷԼҲ̫ˣĪԼ۸
ﻹڲšĴңϣʵûôǿֻʶǿԥһˮ˵뿴ǲʵ̸ֽ
˵һˮ̽ȥνмһֱ֪ûУһִ֮ȻܲϧˮСơ
ˮͬһֱ֣һ˵ϣֱӽʮףֱѾʧȥ֪һòˮ
þż˳ٲʶôҾͰȫϵ
ˮ˵
˵ΪҪϵǵΪԸȥڵвͨ
һ˵ϵǵʵˣ߲Ļеģ˵˻ʲôʵǸοҴľˣ˵һˣ˿ɾˡ
ˮִ󣬿ɽǶԷԼ鷳
һ˿򶨣λСֵܣȥһ¾żΣǻһġ
ˮЦſҼȻ˵һ˵ͲΧڲ붯һӵʱżûǰҾͰǷϵ
˹ϵĲ˵ˣֱſͷһ̻ͲĴڣǾżҶصźţҺֿ֣ɲһľżӶӵеġ
øպһӵʱһ˸˹żұͲԶһӵʱ㹻ˡ
һǰʮˣٶУǰһ΢΢ϵˣ˵һˣˮܸܵԷѾᣬĻܴﵽһ۷׶Ρ
СԲ磬ʮصߣɹʮٵĴڣˮ֪΢ϵӦǾżһǿߡ
λСֵܣǾ棬żڵ󱲵Сֵܵĵطⲻˣ˶ˣЩ鲻㵽ʲôʧģ⳥
º͵˵
ˮżѾˣһ仰Ͱˮŵһϣ˺󱲲㶪ߵΪʦˮʵǿʱĳġ
ԷڵĻ黹öԸһͿˣɶԷһͰ̬ŵôͣǵǸˮҲû취
ˮ֮ǰǴþż˵ϻǸˣڻûҪԷѾˣ֮ǰԼҲûӴԿˣԾôˡ
ˮҲЩ鷳£ľɲǰܱȵģƽ͵Ĳ϶Էƽϣݣоһ£޶ȣһǾͲˡΪ˲ֵˡ
ǴȻ˵˾ˣ˾һҾһɣҲڿ飬ԽǴԽҪ躹ޣҲҪʲô֪ҲмֻܸǾżǲĺܶ࣬ڰҲÿǣǲңҲǹȥġ
ˮ˵Ů뿪Ҳûٹȥˣ֮ȥ
濴ˮ뿪Ӱ¶Էȥס뷨֪ĸģڵĺҲûôġ
ǾżҵһμƺᣬȴҪȥǿʢʱڣʱܹκصƣӰԪ߻ٵĶ⡣
磬ô뿪һѩͷ˵
뿪֪֪ʵǿܶܶࡣ̾˵ûȥǸˡ
˵һһǿߣھżҲǰʵǿǶɹʮٵĴڣɾǿ߾Ȼ˵Ǹʵ˺ԶԶ
һ뷨ĺܶ࣬˲ͬǾ治ֻˮʵע֮ǰˮһżǲ˺ܶ࣬ҿ϶żǲˡ
оżҵļҽ̣Ѿ֪ˮ;֮飬ȻҲһǸżҲʲôʮĻˣԸ԰֮˽֮ûǲˮ

ˮŮ뿪֮ǣԺ֮ǻûнͲ֪ˣصۺʱѾˡ
ˮȻ䣬ŮŪһ䣬֪̲ҹһֱ̨诵ķ䣬ʳ֪ζ̨ҲǺϾˮͣʱ䲻̫
ϹЦ˯ȥ̨ˮҲǺ㣬ʱ仹һЩ˯ֱӽɾ
ڵʵٴξһأͨһ쾭һؾѾͨؾ쾭Ѿͨʮһˡ
ڳ⣬Ůͼˮõʮһ岢ûкˮϣʮ쾭ѾͨʮһһŮͼûг֣Ҳ֪ʲôʱܽ
ˮĹ㹻ˣʵٴξ֮һķ͹ԼԽĿֲ
ˮڵıʵﵽ˰ˮоһǰδеƣҲĺͶԷһսʵ֮ǰ㷨žͿˣо̨诺̵ʵȻҹ˹軻һ㣬ŮҲѸٵ׷ϣ츳ǿԽټ˫޴ľ޴ôԹʵ;ӦڲٰɣҲˮ֮ı仯
ˮ̨诺̶й̱ԪһΣȻϰŹָȣŮҵָ֮㣬ֽܿ졣
ˮ죬Ͼź̨ͻһϵλȥŮҲȥ̨诼ĸףų֪̈诵ĴڣȻ´ٻʱڸ硣
¿̨诺̺ܿģֻеΣһֱ̺ˮȷ˹ϵ֮һֱûȥҡ


1630 ̨ȥ
ȥҵʱˮĳȥģݸıȷʵΣֻˮ֪Լ̵ĵһˡ
һŮˣԼӴӲ棬ʲô鶼棬ˮŮ֪ˣһ̨һ̡
ȥܶ˶̵֪ģʱܾ֮ŸоĸľˣЩ̵ı仯Ǻܴģȥʸãƺˡ
̨说Ҷİһкʶһ£ǺбҪģҪż˵ġ
ԡ໢˶ЦſˮŮһǣԵĻԼ˧ôûôŮϲء

ڼס죬̨诺̵õµһ֮˵ͻطۺˣˮҪһ졣
ˮȥ׵ķ俴֪ĸӦûлҪ˵ĸײ˵ҲҪ˵˵̹ȻһЩ̹Ȼ
ˮˣ¿ĵЦˣָָߵλãˮЦǲ˵ʲô
ˮֱʳ¸¥Ȼѽţ¶ûзԣǰԼŮһھôĸ׺ٵġ
ʲôҪ˵
Цˡ
ˮԼĸżǿ󣬾Ҳߣߣ籾ֻһķſѡ
ʵľ˪̵ĺӡ
ˮЦЩ˵̫ĸ׾֪
ɵСӣϲҶϲֻҪ㿪ģﶼ֧㡣
ҡҡͷЦ˵
ʱ򿴵˫͵ŶӺŮˣСһѾˣѾԼ棬Ҫ˸š

СҺ󿴵ˮܿģˮһһǣС죬Ƿ۵ģ˵žͿġ
ڳҹ˹µĺ֮⣬СˣҲҲ˵ֻܴǲ֪֪֪ԼǼģǸʱڡ
ѵҲûȷ˵ˮ˶һ֪Լûκιϵڸĸ֪ùþԻˣοСҳ󣬶ˮѾ˵һҶӣܿͻҰڻ硣
ѾǴˣ˺ܶ࣬󣬵ҲԼĿԸܶۺϵģһ¾;С
Ԭպˮ֮ҲǺԶˮ֮䶼ѾӹǣҲȻûĽϣˮѾԼŮˣֻԬջϣ˳Ȼûȫá

ˮħһʱ仹ʱ䣬ص;ˮ뵽ŵǸħߣѾԼɱˡ
Ҳ
֮ҰҲħߣڵħֻںħȽ⣬ôаźҰѾ֪ȥΨħڡ
ˮ뵽Ǹ裬ƺеģˣصħʱһֱӽȥ߽СԺ
̨յСԺֻ¥һסţһ̨סš
һСԺͿ̨һɫ̴ľϱĿ񣬱˫֮ԡ¶һ˿޳ֲС
ˮĽŲȴû۾
ҪҪʿѹء
ˮЦ
ҲĹ£йģҺܶࡣ
̨˫޵ˮһۣҲֻôܵĸоŮζˣ
ˮ¶ſĵЦݣߵ˫һʼе㽩Ӳ˵ܺͽţľͷ
գȥݣˮһ߰Ħһ˵
ţ
ˮһҲ֪һǴӦǷĽ߶аɡ
̨ʵǴӦˮģֻһھˣߵ޵ݣʵˮ˵ֻ治˵
̨ƺҲ뵽ˣֱվɲˮڰĦȥ֮ǰ̱Ԫ龰ڣʱ򻹿԰ס
ս㣬ϲ㣡ˮЦס˫֡
ˮͨ˵ʮһ쾭͵ؾ֮ʵԸҲЩ仯̨֪յһЩ뷨ԼҲûйϵ಻Ӧ׵˵ʲôҪ±ˡ
̨һ㶣û΢Цſϲʲô
ϲˣﾭ㣬ʱͻȻ뿴㣬Ҳ뱧㣬§ڻ뿴㿪ĵӣˣоãů
ˮ˵˵ĺ棬Ҳﻰ
̨ճĽë¶֮ǰҪȴܶЦݣһ˲︴գ𺳾һʱۿɼķѿٻš
ܸܵҰ㵱ɺܺúܺõѣ뵽Ĵһоůǣҡ
̨ˮ֡
ǱŮˣ仰һΪھܾκ˶о仰ھܾˮȴǺܿģΪ̨˵ģ˵⻰Ѿѵˣʲô鶼иѭ򽥽
ˮվǰ˵ЩҲֻԡ
ˮЦŵͷҸоˡ
ˮϲϲԼϲԼʲôΪһμᣬŮرǱŮˣˮķʽǺܺõģҲпŪɳ׾
ħ̨յĲôô򿪵ģķʽˮֶˮлǸ¶ˡ
ûˣȴǣһ廢ڣˮжԶ֪֪Լ֮ºҵ֣ô̥࣬Ҳ⣬Щͨɱġ
̨û˵ϵЦ˵ܿġ
ˮһǰԺͺԺתתĵطСҲлľɽšȣߵúˮźܽ
ˮڵĸоɢƽ˵ҸźܰŮˣıѩ޳·һı
ʵܹ¶ûһˣֹ¶ûݵģüȻ׽ãһ̶ϱ׽ûףΪûˣǱʶĻһЩС
ڵˮһ̶ϱüҪһȫµĸоģˮ׷֮ѾˣҲԭ̨ûɱˮ
ˮĳֺͳɳж֣ĵĸӦ¿ϣܵůҲЦԭǰҲЦɡ
һԷһֱ֮ˮ뿪
ڶˮ̨ոսͻüȻڷɳһξ֮ˮֱʹ̨˲ڱǸС
ͻȻĳһҶһ㶣Ȼ֮ǰܵΧһ󲨶Ǻܾȡ
ǿˮ̨գŮ˵ı̨տŮҲһ㶣ôŮ˻ǵһοһ
ˮæЦԼˣǽһ¡
ˮֻǽһûж˵ʲôŮǴ֮ˣܸܵˮûʲô


1631 Ůν
ǵֻ񣬶ĸֵģܸʶ㡣
һҶЦ̨˵
ˮû˵̨գԺ̨֪յĴڣ̨յԸǲˮʲô˽ˮ˭
˵ӢϧӢۣͬŮҲϧϾ̶ȵŮǲἵ˭˭Ưﵽ˼£ָŸԵʣԴոʤ
̨պܴ֪ŮӾԲˮʱͨѣˮ߾ԲȱŮˣϾһμʱʵ֪ʱˮѾλˡ
ãҲǣ
̨ûЦɫеͣȻ
裬ʱҴؼһΣҲͼʱ䣬Ѿͷ㣬ĸҲˡ
ˮЦһա
ֻ֪мʱ䣬ʵǻϰʱҲȥϾںˮѾͻһϵ˵ѾǷˡ
Ҳأźһȥһ㣬Ҳû뵽ô졣
һҶΪˮֻþУȻ쵫Ҫһܳʱ䡣
ˮһҶȥʹ÷޴͹ܣֻܵݵҹ˿ٴȥݳǣ;һʱҲͲൽˣʱͿˣֱӾܵ
һоԼеˣһҶˮŮˣ֪ģŮоǣŮ˵ĵжǿ
ˮҲϾ뿪ҲΪʲôǰԭ
ˮؼˣ
һҶ뵽ˮﻹһˣ֮ǰ˵˺
ţǶܺãе㡣
ˮֱ˵һҶҪʵĻ
һҶһֱסţطΣطҲſҲ󷨣رĳԣŮһֱչء
ˮкһЦЦеţˮҲǸоеŤȻΪˣ˼ҵǿˣһˣεĵطҲˡ
赱ΪоܻˣҲûа취ֹҲ֪ôˣºÿοˮоеŤ
һҶ̨ȥסˮûиȥо̨պһҶദһûл
ҲΪˮԵʣŮദƺܺãˮ̨֣նһҶ续üһˮܲ⡣
ⲻ⣬ˮﻹǺܿĵģϾϣŮ֮ܺá
Ů֮ҲѾһЩƣ̨诺̣׺ºͻ¸¥ȡ
ˮ뿴ģҲ֪Ů˶ǺܴʣˮԶ϶ֹΪŮ˶Ůˡ
죬ˮ϶һ˯ģɫŮȴ޷ȥһҶһҶ費ã⼸Ů˶ǺǿģˮȢһᷢ֡
֪ˮһҶǷޣ̨գһҶһμɲˮֻˡ
Ժеǻᣬˮ̰ɣŲܳԺûеĳǲͬģûŮˮһ겻ŮˣŮһϲܡ
סˮ̨ոһҶ뿪ٺǸȥ
ӡ
̨·ϵʱˮ˵
ҵӣǺҺֻһѡ
ˮæ˵
̨ЦſˮЦݺܶ࣬˵ǺƯиɼӡ
Ҳɼˡ
ˮ˵
ƯƯ
̨Цʵ
Ļˮһ㶣û뵽ʣȻ˵ոʤĿ˭˭Ư
ˮ˵ƴǵĻ˵ʵ
ǿϲһˣˡ
̨е̾Ϣ˵
Ҳ֪ԼӣҲе㲻ϲӣı䲻ˣо˸ϲһҶģɣԸͷڼҴһ
ҺܲҲϲıѩˡ
ˮ϶˵

صٺʱѾڶˣˮ˿ĵĺݣͬĵĻطͷϦ
طѾͨ·ˣʵãʵҲʧ˴룬ڵ̬ܺãûԶŶȥһ鲡лֶĻܾ޴ʹ࣬ǾҲǾ޴ѹ
ˮˡ
Ϧˮĵ˵һ浣ˮôˣҪ֪˻ָϣˮϡ
̣ǻðɣ
ˮЦŴк
Χ˶ˮߵ̨գûлʳڡ
ãλӰɣƯ
Ϧ΢Ц̨˵ߵǰȻ֡
̺ã
̨մкԼڱ仯ҲΪˮ仯
ˮҵĶˣ˵ʵҰһֶ
Ϧº͵˵仰˵ģǺˮϵ븶ꡣ
ˮ걨ֻҪеľԻˮģˮ׽ģ˵ûԵ޹ʵİҲûԵ޹ʵĺޣˮط죬ˮºġ
չˣˮӦúˡ
̨Ѿ֪Ůڵˡ
Ӧˡ
ʮ겻֪˶ٵطֻˮа취ˣݼڣŮ˶õ˶Ǻܺá
ˮҲǾȵĿ̨գŮıˣǰƺǰԼرԼҲýƺҪֻ߳ǻǲ˽ȥ
Ϧ΢Цſ̨գ˵Ҳ֪ô¿һصĸоҪҸŮô
ϦҪʱˮһһ㶵ģ̫ˣȵ̨վȻԥһĴӦˡ
ˮ̨սһϦóһŴӤȭͷСʯ̨մϣɢ֮ˮ֪ⶫԲ
̫ˣ۸㣬˵Ҹ
Ϧĵ˵
ˮе㲻ˣҪǽ鷢̨ϣе㲻š
طҲһߣ͸̨һʱóһɫӸ̨գˮһĶʱȵͶſˡ
̨ŮΪ˺Լϵø꣬ΪˮоɫӾԵֵһбˡ
ν
ǱطʱѪ֪ⶫôˣ̨ձҪܾģϦȴ˵ѾͷŮʲôĿģ֮ǰ˵ĻûдҿиУҲϲ¶ˮһˣ˸Ҳļҡ
̨Ҳ֪Ϊʲô֮ǰͻȻѪĸоʹӦˣ˵иĵͷлл
ˮǺܿĵģҲãʵ֪ҲǷϦһл⣬϶̨ԼӣԼŮҪ֪˭иĸŮġ


1632 ϦĴ㣬ǰյ
һ˻صˮطѰԼҪָĿ죬ڱ𵱳Լ뿪ʱ̫ˣʵҲ֮ǰǿڵʵȫʢʱڱȾǲһ
ô
طЦʵôҶ϶֮ǰ̫࣬õĻͲˣΪĻˮ˵ʵ
ܺãеҪãҲǺǿһҰһ£Ҫ׼ҪһʱȫָҲȷ
ˮЦ˵
ô궼ˣҵûκβʣһ껹Ǻܺõȵģþ㡣
ط˵
岻ô֮ǰദ죬ҲоǺԵֵģǺԵ֣ǵĸŮٿԵüˡ
ˮ˵̨ǵĸŮ˵ӣطͷϦ֪еطЦ˵ôõŮΪĸɲ۸ȻҿɲǲҵľҶû꣬ûŮŮŮ
ˮǺЦЦİ壬ô۸̶ôãҲǶôõġ
̨֪ˮǹģģֻһ仰룬ˮʲôԼʮչҽ
˵ģִŸж죬Ҳнһ졣
һ˸塢ͨ˾뿪ˣʣˮ̨գطͷϦһ̶ϣѾһˡ
ϦһЩ̨յļ򵥵̨˵ͻѺܶ˵˵ϦҲ֪ˣȻʡ
Ϧ̨˵ʱҲ˵˺ܶڣǵиӣֻһûŮǺٵģϾӵǿֻһãóʲô⣬ôһоûˡ
Ӻ㣬Һ죬ѾԴʮˣˮһ߰ط룬һι̱Ԫ
Ȼ󿪳һЩҩԼҩ֮ģЩҩſɲҩܱȵģöҲҩţҩžΪ׼ģָƣϻָҩЧ°빦

ط̫ˣҲָܻ̫࣬ЧǺܺõģ󻹵СǶŲЧǿǵԪԪЩǻָģЧҲǺܺãֻЩҩãʲôʱԱʱǶõҩҲܺҵĳԣûҩһǾ綾Ҳпкûá
֪Ѿǰȥˣһι̱Ԫ֮һЧӺãطѾһٻָʱڣˮİָá
ˮʲô㣬ﻹʲôҪ𣿡
Ϧ˵
ˮ仰Ѿ֪˷Ϧ뷨ڵûʲôҪ飬Ѿ죬ҺҲ죬иյˮյٴζԺ֡
ˮЦʲô𣿡
ҳʮмֻعһڣطѾô࣬Ҳѹˣȥ
ϦЦ˵
ˮ˵׼һȥɣ
ˮʵطϦһģˮҲ취
ǲʲôŲµ飬ҪҪ̸¡
ϦˮӦ¡
ˮ룺ԼҼʱ䣬㿴Σ
Ȼû£ʵҲֻ뵽˼ҾȥȥһλԻǾͻȥϼ졣
Ϧæ˵
ЩˮҲˣЦ˵Ҹոƣ²ƣÿһʱҪȣȭÿһᣬģĻָкô
ˮ̸ط̫ȭȭԺܺą̃ҲѧϾħߣܹħ֮ѪǲģˮҪ̫ȭ
̨յֺܸߣ̫ȭϵĽҲܿ죬ҲΪû̫ǣңﵽһֿ磬̬棬־Ŀټ츳ȻײĽ뵽̫ҵĵá
ֺҹ˹ڻϵ츳еһȣһµʱﵽҳ̶ȣٶȻǺġ
طֲ˵ˮֻϰһ齫еĹؼ֮˵һ飬طҲǾȵ˵ȭ治ȭҲǴȭ
ǲҲ
ϦЦ˵
Ȼһ·̿ء
ˮæ˵
嶼˵ˣȭðҿ᲻á
ϦڵǺܺõģôЩѹѾڱıԵǴˡ
ӷϦˮ̨ȥҶһʱȥˣǰ뿪˵ܿͻ
̨ƯһƯ
ѩŵЦ˵
ˮǸƣеоѩŵҲֺ˻޹Ľɫ
𣿡
̨¶һ΢Ц˵
ѩŵһзϦ̵ˣ̨ճ˷ϦĸŮо̨ʲôһȻָоǿңе㲻̨ˮӣҪ𾴵ġ
ǵģҽǺøҴҲǺһĴˡ
ѩŵĵ˵˷ܣҲ桭
ˮͷͨ΢ЦſӳɲҲǺЦĿˮˡ
ǲǽн衣
̨ɫƽûκα仯˵
ԭ̨֪
Ǻܺõѡ
̨ЦƺҲѩŵ˼ֻĵִˮҲйϵ
СѾͷǲǷŮ㲻أãá
ˮЦ˵
УôС𡣡
ѩŵɫе㲻ȻҲ֪ΪǰĻΪĻ
ˮİѩ͸ŮһֻѩŵδҲ׸磬ں򣬵ô뻹治֪ԼҲԡסķʽġ
ѩŵǺӳɲҲѷɫʲôˮôŮУҲõһڼСһ
ˮϲڼҽ㣬ôϲڼãڰǾ;ܾǸСѾͷѩŵҪˣˮлСá
ڶˮų̂ոԼȥԼǰȻֱյķȥ
ˮȥյ֪յ뷨Ȼһ뿪Ҳߵķġ
ˮˮݣΪʵٴӣǰյ˺ܳʱ䣬յΧ֮ˮԱǿӦǲһΣˮʺ֡
û߶þһסˮʲôˣΪʲôҪյˮ򣿡
ˮǵһμˣǰ˵Ĺة൹еһǣһҲӷ׺ͱأǹսһҲˮǿ壬ʲôˮй˴ӸߵͶǵĴڣ˵һЩ˿ԽĴڡ


1633 ټյˮ顱
ˮˣѿҲֻһûκһҲǺܽӽӵһ塣Ҫ֪ͨ𣿡
ˮ˵ʵе㲻ͨյˮ֮ŪܽԻǺܿġ
Ϊǵ˭ܼ𣬿뿪û档
һˮĻͷĻӻ˵
ˮǸƣԼúúͱʱԷȴԼһ£Ҫ֪ˮߵﶼǻᱻ𾴵ģֻƾʵ͹ˣοҽʦóԼҽҲҪˮӡ
ҲֻСɫŻ᲻ˮ°ɣˮҲֱóһƿǿǵݸҴһ£Ҫ飬Һǵġ
˿ǿǵǳֵĴֶԷͷֻܸ㴫ǹ죬ܰ㴫㴫ҾͲ֪ˡ
ܲܰһ졣
ˮ˵óһƿԪݸ˵һƿʵÿƿҲֻš
ĵҩһ㶼һƿֻһţǿǵԪʵҲǺģرˮĵҩ˻Ǻʶġ
ã
ǰ˵Ǯð£絤ҩǮҪ̫ˣ˴ˮܿͼǵ죬Ĺϵ
죬Ҫ㣬˵ʶ㣬Ҿʹˡ
Ĺ˵ҲҸڡ
ˮȻȥҴʲôǰĹ죬һڵĴ󺺣һסں⣬һ۷Ĵڡ
ǸĹȥȻˮȻΪˮʶģֱ˵˵ɣΪʲôң
Ҫǵ
ˮżɽ˵
쿴ˮʵҲǿ֪ˮǿֱ;飬˵鲻˵ǵʲô飿
Ѿ뵽˭ˣûеƣʵ
ûж⣬԰Ҵһ£˵ҿġ
ˮ̹Ȼ˵
˵һ¡
˴Űʱʱ䣬ˮ֮ĵȴ
ʱ֮ˣһϺһģϺߺԶսзһŹϵѪˮҲǺǿĴڡ
Ҵȥ
Ϻֱ˵ֽУûʲô鲨
ãˣ
ˮЦ˵Ȼ͹ͷʾ뿪
ˮŽϺ߳һֱ޴ĽѸٵǰ
ʱһڣϺͣˮ˵㣬ֱӽȥͿˡ
ˮҲŽϺߵлһֱӽȥһĹһĿռ䣬ﻨľɽ̨ͤһжһֹ⻬ʯһʯͷģˮ뵽̶ףˮһжѾᵽɾС
ԶһͦĹֹֻҲһƷֻǿʵһųԣ
ϸ֮磬޳ķ۾ظҲˮǵӣϾϴεʱ仹̣ܶһۣüɨ㷢ͷһɫĲƽһš
ϴεĴ磬ȴôгŮ˳һְͲ׺²ͬ׺ǴŮǰ
ʱŮ˹˫ȱֱ޳߱ˮʲôˮʱһÿĻȡ
ĺ⣬ôˣദԣ
Ů΢Цߵˮǰ˵
ˮεЦЦŮˣˮĺƤʧȥãεЦЦɫӦкܶ׷ģɣ
ˮ֪Ů˽ʲôǰʵеŤģһĲģվԼǰЦŮˣһֺ˵ĸоŷŶǺܺõһ
˵ˮһүǣһ˵ôˣҸ
ŮԹĿˮ
ˮڲ֪̫ŮϲҲʲô£εЦЦǿģҵŮѾܶˣǷծˡ
ˮѾǵڶ˵ˣȻŮ˵ǵһΡ
㶼˵Ůôˣѵںһ
ˮȵǣŮ˵ĻԼǸԼ˵滰Ů˵Ļһģһ
ˮ֪Ů˵ĻѾǺѵõģ˶ˮرΪѡ
ŮѾǾɫһ屾ò绨ŮͼϵŮѷɫʲôŮҲǺܶģˮʵǲԼŮˡ
ҲίֺαίԼء
ˮεҡҡͷˮ治֪ô
˵ɣʲô飿
Ů˲ǸϾˡ
¡
ˮ˵
ǲǺ飬Ҵ
Ů΢ЦſˮϵЦе㽿ġ
ɣʲôΣյʱڵܼ¿ɲԮ֣ҲС
ˮ˵
ˮǺʲôΣգյԵĻԮ֣ҲԽΪˡ
ŮȻҲһ㶣˼άԼȥѾ˼ˣ˵ãȻԼ
Ů˺ܴ֪ˮ⣬ϾҪԼġ
ŮЦſˮΪʲôҪ㣬ܵĸҸɰɣ
ˮ뵽ԷԼ׷ǹʣеڣΪʲôҪԼ֮ǰ𰸣æ˵Ҳæģ˵ɣֻҪģһ
㲻Ը
Ů̾
ˮʵһֱ֪Ů˵ĻǲģǵҲ֪ټ٣ǾͰټٵ
ˮԥˣ֪˵ʲôûеȶŮ̾˵֪ʲô飬ҲΪģҲȥȻҲҪ鷳Һ׻ײϵġ
ǸҽʦʲôҪҰҲܱ֤ʲôκãȴٿԿƼһ롣
ˮ˵
Ȼҽ֪ܲܿʲôء
ˮŮ˲죬Ժܶ໰֪˵ʲôŮȻе㲻Ҳʲôص顣
Ů֮ǰӦǺܿĵģϾôĿġ
ȻŮ˴ӦˣƺеϣյһŵǧĴ˵ǺܳģҴ˵յ޵ľǳ顣
ˮǣŮ˵ͷˮȥŮ˲˵ˮҲû˵о˵ơ
ˮǸоеԲŮ˲Ų˵Ůǲ˵Լ
İɣҴӦͻȥɣˮʱңҲôˡ
Ů˻˵
ˮŮ˵Ļ¶һ˿ЦźһڣҲûŻȥ·ϸȥˣˮǷˣˮյԳеˡ


1634 ƮƮɣ裬
صúѾˣ˵õһʱ仹죬ˮϦǻǺܿĵģӦ֪ˮֽˡʱȥһκһ죬һҶһκϴβһһܵǲʳ̻ͷ飬ÿһζˮ궼Ҫڷһ
ˮ˵һҶʿһˣһҶĿˮ֮ˮ۾ζʱһˮ·о綼ζˡ
ˮÿ˫ֿˣɬջǵĶʳ̻ȴӵ飬˫صĳˮƮƮɡ
ָоƮƮɣ˵еֻԧ첻ˮĸܵˡ
ˮյһҶ˵ˣһҶЦſˮǲǶյ뷨
ˮǻԲ̵ͦһ£ȻһѪһ컵龰

塢֪ͨˮҪ뿪Щģ֧ˮطȥˣЩӣСһõ˷Ϧĺô̫ˣȻ˵õôôϦĺôϵģйϵģرѩŵϦǽԼֱ֮һ̸
ȻѩŵϦ̣ϦŮûûŮĶǱʶǺ顣
һ̨վ֪Էħߣһ߾òоȻˮӡ
ʵһֱ֪ˮӵģһ쿴ʱе£ԼԼһػǲס
ǸջˮͷϦߺ뿪ģŮĴкˮǽܣһλ˵̨ӡ
ҼƯŮˣи
Цˮ˵
ˮǸƣ̨ƯǺ£֮仹еģˮ˵ʲôҲе㲻ʡ
СǫˣҸоƯ˵滰̨ǳЦЦݸȾΧˣЦݿߴҵı顣
ҽ壬⣬սͺֺˡЦ˵
ҽúˡ
Ů˺Ů֣֮ˮ֪һԼŷֲĹϵ
֪ˮҪ뿪ֻ˵ףĻջʵǳˮģˮȴҪ뿪֪Լﻹǻش
Ҫһȥɣ·ϴҲ֡
̨տ˵ʲôֱ˵
⻹˵ֻҪԸȥȥ
Ϧ΢Ц˵
ȻϦ˵Ҷֻ֪ǿĻ˵·ʲôΣǵʵҲ⣬ϦҲȫչˣҪ֪ڵĵ˾Կֲġ
ãһȥɣ·Ҳһ㡣
̨˵
ɨˮһۣˮҲЦ˵ǰһȥɡ
忴̨տϦȥᰭ°ɣ
ʲôµģǾ˵ˣһϦЦ˵

ڶˮͷϦط졢̨պ·ˣŵ޳һƶ¥һԳǿԷɽ纣ģʲô·ߣ¿ɽɫһĶ޳ֱӷ
Ǳͨˣѩŵʵһȥ֪ԼʵϦҲ˵ˣú´εطˣȥﶼѩŵܿġ
ԵٶȻǺܿģһźݵȥһ·ҪһЩʱ䣬ԾǸ·õģҹϢֻܶҪ΢Ϣͺãڸ·ϽҲǰ棬Ҫ
ݵġ
ºˮҲ֪ڵˣЩ촩ѾĳǳأȻһ·Ϻƽ̨֮ҲǺܣһ
ͣ£
Ϧ˵ýͣʱˮѾ֪ʲôˣΪǰǿϢһһ
ʵˮ֪һ·ϲ̫ƽطѹһ·ϸӲ̫ƽˣǰܻЩ˵ȴطȥ
ط״̬ԽԽãطĺûᴥܶ˵棬˵жԵʵڲҲвֵˣǿɲŹᣬһʼǹ˼طӰ죬֪ط첻ܻαΪһ֮˰Լ¶ֻҪطˣϦϻܵشĴʱӰʲôή͡
ֻķչƺô򵥣ԿϦط췵һء
Ϧûд֣ԼҲģֻƿȥˮҲȥŮڳ
ԶվŰ˸ˣд󲿷ֶ۷壬ǲ۷ˮͲ֪ˣоߵȷʵ
ΪЩ˾סңڲɱˣ뿪ɣ
ϦȻǿϢط·ͻȻйιһ鲼
Ϊûаվ͸ϳǰǻκβ㣬ǰǲǳһЩ״ʵֻƽʱ߳ɡ
еһЦ˵
Ϧɫûб䣬ˮԵ׽һ˿΢ı仯ﲻš
ҵɱûκ⡣
Ϧƽ˵
ء
ͻȻϦоƺʧԪһ뵽ǰʱΣô֪
Ϧ֪Լ˵֮ʵֱӵɡ
ˮҲܵˣסϦȻŷϦ˵̣õģҰҽΣô˵
ˮڻûаʤЩˣûв´Ӧûи˻֣ˮһгҵķޣ뷨Ǻ뿪
ˮ֪ˣԷڵᣬɵʵֲܿˣʧɵʵƺЩɱͲʹˣϦ˵ԷӦûл֡
̣ûµģҿ԰ʵָ۷壬Խʵ
ˮ˵ֱʹ˷սս⻷ս⻷һ޶ģֱӽϦʵָ۷塣
Ϧ˼ĿˮֱʵȻʵҪĬϣҪִ󣬾Ժǿ
ˮڿеˣǺԼѧ˷ڷɣôǿһɵʵ
Ϧе㼤ˣģǸ˳֣Ҳġ
ˮɱﵻûȫʹãʵڲãˮֱֳϷϦʵٴֱ÷ϦռɱλãǶԷҲû£Щ۷߶ˮٲ˺
Ȼǰǻи˱֣ȻˮƾΣˡ
ʱط˳Ȼʵǿޱڣ˫ֱӶȫϣΪں۸õ
ҵȻҪȻôء
һ˵֮Ѿ֮ǰЩ˵ǰ档
һطµˣȻϣʵƺܶൽε߶Ѿټˡ
һںڵ·£һ٣ҲĮ˵ʵ治ˮоһ


1635 ϦǬ޻һ
طϲûлңŶеˣǿڻкַܶ࣬ʽΣǵʵҲӡ
Цˣǲӣ֮أҲҺڣûǣһԴǵˣ֮ԱǿΪԴƣǵһǺܾˡ
طҲûзĻΪԷ˵Ҳʵڵλþһ޴֮أרŵѨƷѨ֮һ죬һĿޣֵطܳʱʹãһʹҪϢܳһʱ䡣
ˮ֪ҲΪʲôɴӵܺ׳ֳŵԭ츳ҪЩҲǲȱٵģȻҲ͵ˣٲܳΪš
ôаհ£
ϦʱҲƽˣ֮ǰȻҲƽƽѲ޿֡
ŷϦЦˣ˵ѾûбҪǿˣҶϤˣ֪ǰӣʲôֶҺΪǣ
оҪŲҽ԰ȫ
ϦŵĿУָоûԼѵʱֵ˸ɱ
νҡҡͷȫʢʱҲܴӦң𣬹ûҵʵͻһЩɱڵ練ơ
ˮ⻷սȻֱӼϵʵʵöԷ֣ôǿܶĶҲֲˣõˣֻҪһ˭ᱩ¶ԻԷ
ϦĿֻ֣ܶϻôʲôѵй⣬ֵõɪ𣿡
ɱǾͺãĶҪ
ֻ̣ɫò¸оʤ㣬һҪɪȻò㣬һ֮ˣɪһˣ˼Һһֻƽʲô
ˮæ˵
ˮоУҪ̬ԽżԼöԷ⣬ԳֻҪԼݣκεܻھУһҪҶֻ̣öԷҡ
Сֲ죬ŲֱӰԴš
ˮ˶̴Ѿû֮ǰĴݡ
ĲôֻǱطǰûƣǵط졢ϦСһС㣬ˮĵ뷨ԲŻôʧ̬
ˮǸ蹷ҧᣬǲƽϡ
ϦʱҲɵ˵
һµǼŭˣ֮ǰˮֻڱһһֱ۵ˣһŮˣҪ֪Ů˵ģ˴Ů˵ɹߣڽӴĹߣйĹߣ鵶
ɣ
ˮһ˲оռ·ֹһΧһжֲʵ˫֮Ѿκεһ͵ͳȥ
ˮָ֪ʱȫѾˮʪ͸ϦѾ͵սһһʱ䵹Ҳ൱ϦʹõǬ
˫Ӷ֮䣬ƱɫһһֵĵӰһס֮󣬶ԷֵֻܵǷϦһֵǬˮϦǬǰеԪɣľǬ䣬Ӧúࡣ
񼼰
ŷԼˣϦʵ˿ЩʵҲжֻǲ׵ǣʧɵôʵûм΢΢еӣ
һηֿ֮жһѴ󵶣һѪɫĳεķ·ҪγѪһ¶ڿоͿʼ΢СĽǺֻǺС
֮󣬵ٴζˣٶȱ֮ǰ˺ܶ࣬ʵҲǴʵ裬еǹǺһ
޻һ
еѪ쳤һӰˮҲֲǲʵһһ̹ϣһԹ޻ڣֻҪһȥһ޻ˣҲ޻ڡ
һľ磬ޱһϦɫ˫ֲϻӳΧ쵼ӰӳǵӰϡ
䡭
һ޴ĺƺбˣϦӰֻһŷϦѾҵĶ֣ǲǺܾģһ㿴ֻʣһ㿴һҪڶ
ϹŲ̵Ц⣬ĿⶢˮСӣֻܹ㵹ùΪʲôҪǴһСѱҲһλɫҪŴڽӴǺʣµĺһ㡣
ȣ˵˭ûս¶˶ˡ
ˮҲ˵ʹˣȻŭ
ܰӣо԰̻ڵʱòСӻ˵㡣
ˮһĻֱŭˣˮ֪Ϧһסֱߵ˵ȥץסСҪġ
ˮҲţ̨Ѿˮߣˮ֪ŮҲһ߿ţɴֱʹ
ս⻷ͷսҲŮطϣ޺͵ޣɫ˳ϾҲ۷塣
̨յĹ󷨵ܺеЩսϦվλйģһθоˮ󷨿ʹ̫ǿˡ
½󷨶ҪܾõĲܽķӳ󷨵󷨵ҲǺԣƽʱ󷨵۵ȣƵױ󷨷ˡ
ʲô鶼кôҲлˮŸоԼһĿسսĳҲпسãȻЩһЩߣɱ۷ǿ̫̫ˡ
ҲˮŪ󷨵Уϵʹ׻ޱˮŪλãԽֲǶ۷Ҳûɾ޴˺
طȻʵûлָƿѹˣûݺצӵϻҲţġ
ˮҪԳԽ۷壬Ҳ֪ﵽߵߣˮ״̬۷塣
׷׷׷
ˮֱӶ׷ǵҲûзŹͷϦŲɿĵٶȻ󽵣֮ǰˮѾ֪ͨ˷ϦֱһѸ˵һֲȻûյˣҲ˵ˡ
ϦƲˣеĹ缤µĴ󽭣ˮҲ֣Ѿλˡ
ʵȽģǿλ̲סü

ѹͻȻӴһѾ޴ĽɫͻȻ֣նյĽƣͻȻһĽ⣬סһˣ˾һ֮Զ뿪硣
ˣֱɢڿУˮ뵽ԼĽƣ˺ģֲܿıˮ˵ˡ
ˮߵǸԸһҡ
طЦ˵
壬廹ûлָ
ˮе㵣ĵ˵
ģֻɫûзҵ


1636 ֮
طƺţԷ߷е㲻ţˮΪ˱ֱӽ֮ʹó
֮
ʹǿսϦе㻺ʱͻȻԷϵʵƺȻ˺ܶ࣬ټ֮ǰٶѾûв
Ҫ֪Ϧ͵ߵٶϦѷһ࣬ڲûֲ࣬ȫѹƣתֱúһ˾޴ѹ
γЩžԵİҰѷϦطģΪҲڵˣȻ
طóһӨɫĳͻȻˣҪϣҪ㣬սԥ˲һֻҪѹס˶ԷϢʵԲһЩҲܸıս֣ٿӺܾõʱ䡣
һ
һտɫĽռնȥ֮ɲ˿Եֵġ
طʹ־ȫʢʱһ׾ٵĽʵε˻ֻǽ˻ʮס
һ˱鵣ƽǿҲǲˣԼܺ൱ˡ
ʵطڵʵǶԷĶ֣⻹Щӻָĺܿ죬֮ʱѹƶԷΪ磬˼ɺܶ࣬ˮƽûеõӣֻҪʱһͻ
ˮ֮ǰĻ֮׷ҲǵʵڶԷ󷨵Ҳǻָ˴ʵ
м䣬ϵ׻ˮ޲ϵߣܿ쵶Ǳˣ̨պ嶼һˣڵѹԽԽС
ˮһǿߣѹܴģмѾߴΣˮǿʵرԷ֮ȻԿסȻЩѪӿ֮ǰǱѪ˺Ǻء
ʱˣˮͷϦֱ֮ͨӷ׻
ϦԴ׼ܾãֱֵӱ絶һ˵⣬ֱӻ˾ĺ
һĨѪȪ۾ûбϣĺͲĿΪǸоʮþȵģôԼоԼʶһɢ
ʣµ˷ңϦ߸ʱ־ˣӣֻǱ¶޵ǰ
ϦĲܿͽսˮϽȥ̨պ˵زأ֮ǰϦȰŮϸСĶҲǺҪġ
طҲˣֻǱûбֳˮǸܵˣϦҲܣŮӦҲԸܵ
ˮоүǣΣ֮ʱͦеҪӡ
ˮˣֻһγ˷Ϧгķޣһֻ޴ɫޣܴ׳ʵرǿٶȴױȣ֮ǰֻҪסһᣬ÷뿪һᣬôԷ׷
ʵˮаյģȻҲܵ
ˮǸ̥
Ϧ΢Цſˮ⻰ˣһֿ佱ķʽ
ˮҡҡͷǷǿ󣬲ȻҲûа취
ȻȺսʱģǸ֪һ᲻ϧһдģҶĶˡ
Ϧĵ˵
̣ɲĶӵĸ˵ҿ϶˼ܾ
ˮЦĲ⡣
ˮ仰Ѿˣϵ벻붼һؼ̨գ̨պþǶˮá
ϦȻҲ⣬Ȼǿ󣬵ڿ뿪ˮǲУοˮҪһɳģܴķ˵ԼûʲôԽˮõ˾޴ĺô
̨պ˵Żڲ˵õ޻̸ĵزھǺܺúܺõѣ߽ą̃ûʲôѣڵԸĄ̊́ջӽһйͬ⣬֪˵ʲô˵ʲô
һɾһ˿ϢȻ·µڣֻǲ±Ҫ鷳
·ˮͿʼҽηϦƣֻǰİͻȻ½ʵİˮƵƻǺֵģҲҪһʱ䣬Ҳʱ䡣
֪ԼİƵʱϦĻˣԼʵָټˮֱӿԼһ޴̨ס
Ϧ뵽ط죬طʵָܻôھȶˣĿǰطʵѸٻָˮ˵Ҫʱ䣬мʲôϲ
ϦڣʵȷеԼĶˣһ˼ںܲף뵽ͺ޲Ϸɻڡ
ط쿴ˮҲԽԽģСӼֱĸǣԺʲô飬֪ôԼһжģҪ֪ͼǸˮ֮ӿȪ౨ˣϦҲǣֻ֪̫þͻᱻ˳Խ
岻õģû£ĻܶѾȫѣҿԸЩҩĸ¿ԻָǻָҲҪһʱϤ̫ܰȭ򵽴Բϵľ磬ô֮ڿȫָ˵ƶٽһ
طˮĻرģΪ̫ˮƽϾʵ츳ڣټˮеľ趼˵ˣԲˮͺˡ
ļƽϦҲˣ˵ķϦʵ٣֮ǰСˮ©һڰ©ˣˮȻƽʱǿ
ˮŮƾ͸ʲôˣսŮҲǳʵսʵȹʵõķ
ѾˣǷϦ˵ģȻǺΪޱ޼ʣֻǺıԵ֮
ڵλòԶˣˮ̨նûᵽ廢ڣƾо廢ھǲǿ٣ҲӦҪǿһЩ
ʵΣˮ֪ʷϦϦĻشˮеģΪҲǾ٣ҪΣʮֹ·ߣûκιɣʵҲûʲôȷ֣۷ͻƾͬҲǲɼһܴض֣Ϊ𲽲һ
֮Ѿ֮أѾں͵ڵʵΧһܹĵڵĵ
ǾңΪλþһˮأɷչڵʹҪãΪǿ󣬵ڴˣõĵطڣģʵǿȨ
뷢չ͵͵ǽһΧڿԼУ˵㷢չģûбҪѱ˲ڽ¹ȥʱģҪչҪǰİʯŲľܷչⷢչĻᱻѹ֮ʵдѹơ
һεڷǳаյһγˣһεûκ飬ϧûʵôǱ̫ϧһĲĿ


1637 ڣطx
֮صķΧԱ֮ǰĺҪֵĶ࣬ǵƣˮָоԽݵձԽ֣ȻѨ֮ӳ֣ԽӦԽ࣬ԽֵĵطԽ׳ѨûĵطǺѳѨģ˵ˡ
һ֮ûжԶͳʮˣ˷֮Ϊ׵һģӢѸٹ

ϦӿĵĽе
ĸףףǻˡ
е㼤ܻͬʱҲˮ˵ͷʾ⣬֪ܺ͸ĸһҲˡ
˱˱Ϧط죬Ͼĸ׳˯ôãˣƺ˺ܶ࣬ûô֪׵ʵںҲȷΣеʪΪӣȴڸĸѵʱߣ뵽еᡣ
طƺ֪˵飬ļ򣺡һжˣǻڼΪǾңȻһһĸҲ⡣
ϦЦЦҸһ£ϵŮԺʲô飬Ҫһ
ĸ׷ģҲиãҲԸˣá
˵óһСƵݸ̨ա
̨ղûнҡҡͷô
Ϧӹֱ̨ڵƣ˭ƶᾡ飬ȻǺҲࡣ
̨ҲûپܾлһϦڽˮˮʱ̨յķһҽˮҽεط졣
طxһ󣬾Ǵ˵ĶҪܾģϦֱϦܿˮ֮ĹϵͬѰ
طˮЦֵܣлҲܸʵĴлʱߣԺʲô飬ֻҪҪİ
طxǸˣĸ˸ŮŮˮӣҸҲȺõģǰ˾Բ򵥣ο֮ǰ˵ĻҲǷԷθģǸ֪ͼˡ
طxĻϦط춼Цţû˵ʲôˮȻʲôҲףܲѣ˵Ҳĺܺá
ȻһˣǾͲҪôˣϸ磬ȻֵԺͲôҿǲġˮЦ˵
ԺӲܷʲôԸ΢Ц˵
ˮҲЦˣҪ֪Ļɲκ˶˵ģҲҪϾһڵˮҲоԷ۹ĲΪԼûͼıʲô
һȥǷϦķޣطxһЩ˳ʱޣŷޡ
ˮڵʱǱһ£һ޴ɽֻۣ֮Ǻܶ޴ɽ屻ƽФˣʯӶ£濴ȥԵرɰ
ڣ
һɽΧɽֻмһЩɽ屻ƽԶУɽˮ㡣
һֱȻ·Ϸһ⣬˳ĵڣϦȴˮŮҵһׯ԰ס¡
ˮԼסһ¥̨סһ¥
طxˮˣʲôҲ֪ˣᣬʵѾܴˣˮ⹫Ӧò࣬ڻûгɻ顣
һ֮츳ףڵϣʵǿ󣬵ЩֵĴɱɱѾܶΣҺԼʵһĿҲоա
ˮʹǵļ磬һˣлҲҲҪطxĽˮýϯС
Ϧط컹ˣڵĿ䣬Ϯ䣬ڵĵλҪҲΪԭطxúõġ
ˮЩû̫ȤΪ˸طˣط˺ˣѡ뿪ΪоȫûԼƿصĸо
ʵˮˣһЩսж٣֮ΪϦԭ򣬲ȻѺε˽ӴȻʵڻ㲻
ˮܲЩ˵ʵҲûʲô˼Ͼλһ룬ҪǽԼǵʵߵ߶һЩ
һֱڣϯɢȥһףλ˲û̫ͣʱ䣬ʱʱ뿪ģʣµˣо⣬طxǸڽˣҲǸˡ
ȥʱѾˣһ·еƣҪϵģһ̨ջȥˣϦһҲû©Ȼ̨Ҳû٣̨յҲѷɫǻôʵ˵ˮĹϵԲһ㣬ǻܿġ
ˮ̨һСԺȥŰɫʯпе¹⣬¿˻
ֲң̨ձ߱˵
ʲôأˮЦſо̨ӦԼֲӦϦĸŮ
ֲҴӦ̵ĸŲ̊˵
ΪʲôҪ֣Һܿİѵ㲻ҪģҾͺͷ˵һ¡ˮЦ˵
ҿģֻǸоǲûк̨˵
ɵѾͷֻҪ㿪ģҾͿġˮׯ԰
ѾԽԽˣվڴڿˮ̨ǣ֣һ˿׾į֪ԼϲˮȻָо
˵ϲһ˿ϲһУһУһ뵽ʲôܲѵԼϲ
˽ģ˽ģìܣ˽ˮ֪ϾûǸŮ˿Եӵˮ˭ܡ
̨ߵʱתЦŴкŮɳƷŲ裬֮ǢŮܿġ
ս㣬ôʶˮģһˡʵһֱܺ棬̨һ޵ŮӣܺŮôϲˮһ᲻ƽߵŮˡ
̨е㲻ȻЦ˵жˣҽ˶ʶˣֻǲ֪ڸҡ
˵Щ̨ƺЩǰһУ˸УʹԼٻصǰʱǨԶܻصǰڵ⡣
ãôʶˮأ̨ղϾֱӰѻ
廹Ǻܺ˵ģ˫ǶһЩʵˮ֮źܴе顣
ս㣬ȥˮ𣿡Ц˵
ûУ˵ļ˺ܶ࣬ĺҲüҴĶѾˡ̨ƽ˵
ս㣬˵ŮǸһŮ˶˺أǸһûȴһһǺõ˺أ
ŮȻӵԼһݶصİʵˣҸͨ˻ߺͨ˲µģȻǲҵһѡ˳ȻҲӱܣҲ̨պѵõ˵ôĻˮһῪĻġ


1638 Ҷ֮£ּ
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ҡҡͷЦſ̨ա
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ˮڵһжܺ棬Ϧ׼СԺǸ׼õѨ֮
ˮھѨУΧƺԸܵ꣬ЧǱȲɾһ㣬ɾÿֻʱѨûƣǰյ
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ҵǿԼŹֵģȺǧ̨˵λСãҽкҶѡ
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λСôƺҽкҶҵˡҶǰǰסŮ
³һ֣ƽúҶһӾ类ƨɵӡ
ʲô⣬үĸƲԳԷƣүˣӲģһȥɣҶ˵ȥһ̽һ޴צӡץȥ
͹ŮʵֱӱŮˣΪºѾų˻֪ŮطͷϦʱģҲȥӭӵġ
֮ԸطҷΪʱܵ˷ϦطʵطˣֻǸˣڷϦǻа취ԸģѶԸķطxϮҡ
ЩҪģҪľǷϦطxһηųȥطʲôӦطĽŮˣҲֻưոݣ֪طҾԲ˵ġ
ˮ²ûзӦ֪Ůû¾ͺãǰԸһɱȥͺСһƽϣܵеİֻһӣû£Ҳ顣
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ˮ֪طڵĵλǺܸߵģȻôҲûʲôжΪط죬һطָˣǵõҲûá
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ϦҵĴ𸴾Ǻð̨գҪ̨
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˻Ҷڵˣڳô𣬺ӵвԣҲ̨֮˵ġ
ʵܶ˸оҲȫû˸оҸռΪ̨ղڵˣȴš
˰죬ֱӷ飬ׯصȻ壬Ǿ򵥵ķʽҲЧķʽ
ǺҶŮǺңôͱʾսǺˣսŮŮ۸ˣôŮ
һ߲˺͹սʤսʤ⴦á
Բӣ˿ǿս
ǲпᣬһ㣬жԹûн߽˵ʱܷ飬ȻͳΪһЩΪɣռס壬ȻһܵһЩϵĳͷ
粻ǷᣬÿһиԵػɣҲǶԱ֤ԼУ̫֣ǿطػɣǿҲûãΪػ滹бһһȦӡ
Ȼ¸ŮڷϦϣʵһģΪҶͷطҲΪ̨ճͷֻⳡô򣬽Ǳӵġ
ططxڷϦߣ϶һֳأҾѿȥⳡ˳ôطҾˣΪа취طϾطûмˡ
סһսô򣿡طxҲǸое㼬֡
Ϧ룺ǷôսҪ˵㡣
ط֪ϦĴ㣬һˮйϵҲǰϣˮϣûˮ治֪һô򣬾ھôҲóһõİ취
˶࣬һֱ뽫طȡ֮ӦõȺܾˡطx˵
طxһθ׺ĸ׻ú¶˾ķһ


1639 صȷˮս
֪ȫָĻҲطxĸףȻڵڷϦǰǸӣϦϰǵ
ϦЦſط죺ôһҪģǸô򣿡
طЦ˵Ӧ뵽˰ɣ˵
ֱӺǴһ˫սԱԳʮˣԸϦطЦ˵
ط֪ϦԻˮսȻͶӣˡ
طxף֪ˮҲû˵֪ԼĸĸӦѾ⣬һֱǲỳɸĸ
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ҡɲˮ硢ϡϦЦ˵ԽԼλ䳤ϷֿԼƫƫԸ
طЦſŷϦû˵ʲôԵĻҲû˵ʲô޳ɵĻ
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ҴĻô꣬һҸҿ϶λ䳤ϲսǲҪ̫ϣطг˵
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1640 һ
ѡˣطҪμӣϦطܾˣˮҲ޳طں֪ܶط״ǺҴԵġ
Ϊڵ֪ط첻ˣطսӢᱻصĿ꣬Ҫ֪طĵλ⣬طµĻڵľΣˡ
ط첻վ˻һЩϣΪϳֻˣͻһֲмںͺսطӮô֮ǰ˵ʲôûõġ
ˮ֪֪Ϊ˺ͣûˮĳգˮҲģֱӸһЩʲôģȥԡ
ˮɾϻرĶֶ࣬ĵĺԲ뿪ʼôģ˲ɾѾܾúܾˣˮ֪ʲôʱܵŲ㡣
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ˮľǺܶģֻ壬ǷǿԲ㣬˽ƣ֮ĹҲȥˣ˭⼸ӴˣйɲС
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һ˭ʵ
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ǶҲг֮ˣˮһ˹ȥʱ򣬺ҵѾˣطһ˳ֵʱ԰Ҳкط˵֡
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ǰϦսʽ˺ңȻͬ⣬ʮˣںҿԽǼ巴ԽΪԮ벻
һ˳ڹ㳡Ͽգɽ˺˫ѹ˾һŲ˵ǺҺطҵӣشҶ֪ˣҲͲ˵ˣҾ˵¹ء
ںܰƺ⣺ڵĴϣ֤ˣάĹܼ򵥣ս˫ɳսʮ˵Ķ飬һսӮԸ˭ʤɻˣϣ˫Ҫء
ȺսԸ֪һ˭Ӯ
ʮˣ˵᲻ϳ
϶İһұ˾٣˵κҰ硢¶Ƶñչˣ˵طһ˲ս𣿡
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˫ս˵
ϻ˵


1641 ˮʵս
ϵĻ˵꣬½УˮҲ˰գطȻˣʮˣҪطûг֣оϳˡ
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˷Уžһĸ̾ݳ̫ˣҪ֪ҲǺܶ˶֪ģΪѣܺõѣطߵĺܽ
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Ӧǣطû£ǺҲôֻǲΪʲôһϳǸǿߣΪʲôָԸأ

һȥֱӳķλվãˮ棬Ǹߣˣʵĺǿ治ˮǰЩɿԱġ
ˮһʶϦѾʼˮ˵ˣбҪˮһ£иס
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طֻĸˣȴʮˣ˵еĴ𣿡
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˵ˮڲ֪Լ㲻ߣʵѾԴﵽǿ
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ʱһĹȥϦʱϴһѩ׳£ӴϥطxŶˣǵһǲǺܾˡ
طxȻʺ򣬵һ˵Ϭһ֮ʮϵİǺǿġ
ˮڸоеİԼ֮ǰǸº͵ˣӦòսе֮ǰֻǰŻеӡ
˵ʲôҺһֱĲҲ뱻ﵽͷϣ۸ڵˣҽܲˡ軺˵
㻹ʲô˼ɣڣǺʲôɫ㲻֪ѵҪҰΪ˵˵δˣǴҲȡطxĮ˵
طx˵ЩȻﻰȻҲųֺˮ
ָоˮᣬ֮κ˶ûãƾʲôչ㣬ⲻʵһķչ
ȻˣǾʵ˵ɣҲŭֱӵ˵
ãǾͿʼɣ
˫ڿ֮ľ붼ϰףԶǴ˫һȴǴĲǺܼҡ
ˮڵķֲҲǿˮʵ˺ܴ򣬻˵̫ˣȻºͣȴһȥֱӽԷѹơ
һ˾͵˺ͺƺ·磬Ϧطxסʣµˣʣˮ
ˮųˣﲢżֱõ޺޵סһˣʣµһˮԼȥ
˫սǺܼңˮΧʲô̫ѹƣ֪״̫ãȻôҵսԼʼɡ
ˮĹɱһеѣˮϱˣطxһϢ
Ȼֱһ׷ڶԷһʱٴһ֮
ʱطx׼ˣ˴һʱеĳֱӻ˶Էĺ
طxˮ׼ˣһԥڶԷĳ֮յ»˶ԷĺûпԷԴ
ҵ˵ú˶
ͺʵȻʵȻֱһأȻʱֱӺʵ֮¡
ϼһЩȻͻˡˮǴӷϦе֪ģһñβɥ
ˮ޳ȥֱһ׷ϣɽ
ˮľɽ赲Ͼʮʵ˵ǰǲֵһġ
ʱˮٴζ׷ͻ֮
һΣصٴŤתǴڱΪֹԼ޶ʱûʲô̫Σա
ʱٴβˮ
ȻսſʼһˣûˮطξˣȻҲôţȴƫƫˮ


1642 Ԫ޵
طȻҲ͹˺ңˮĳһıͺʵѾԽڵķϦǱ𵱳ȫʢʱڵطҲѷɫ
ˮȫֵı仯˫˶ޱȣǸеңϦطxҲǣֻûоôһ£ˮǰԼ˵ʵ߶ȻǻĿ
ϦǵĲͬǼƣһκҸоǲʲôʶطңǼƣѧĸо
ǲΪʲôԷɱͷٶȵȻô࣬оԼһʵٶȸǴĽ͡
ǰĿ꿴ˣˮ
СӴ͸Ź죬һֱ֣ڳд󣬲ʱĻ֣֮ǰԼֵ˵ʵٶȴ󽵣վλҲر⴩˶뿪һΧ
Լʶĺֵܸо벻һд۳ǸˣƵ󷨣ȫöԷ̱
ۣ
ϦطxɱһˣطxѾɱˣԷܷˮҪȻҲ֪ҪǱ뽫ЩѸɱ꣬ڳָƣȻԷȺ֮Ŀ궨λˮʱǾΣˡ
𡭡
ͺֻ߳һɱޣСڰײݳߣī
ˮ񣬾޴˫Ѿ޵ļµĹ⡣

һĽȻ󻯳ĵһˮɱһͷϦˣҪ֪Ŀֲ֪ģʵ֮ǰһֱڵ֡
ϦгޣʵΪ˷ֹͻϮǵ޶Ƕ֮࣬ٶʱԵס
ǷʵƺǿȻʵûдﵽҲ۷ʵٶͬҲǰνģ޴˫Ἰ˵޼᲻ݣҲкܶණвģ˵廹Ǻױпģˮ塣
ԮѾˣˮеĽͻȻ˾壬ֱӷҡΣһӴ̶
ˮҲֹͣ⵺ɫһȻǰһֻ޵ֲڵõˮļӳ֣ٶȺʵٴδ
û뿪ˮߣʱʵڲоͻֱȫסˮ
ˮ·ģˮûеһеĻƽսһӡ
޵
ˮΧֱӳ٣ˮеľеȻûѪٿֲʤ󣬼ˮΪ޵еԶǿֲޱȡ
޵Ҳľеǿɱ֮һѪǵģ޵ǷΧģȻѪ磬Ҳһ룬Բ֮һѪֻıѪҪ
ֱӽˮǰҲ޵ȦУǿܼҲŲ򣬾Ĳ˵Щ˿˿µ޻вһ
ȴýס˵סСܴ󣬲ȫռϷ磬ܿʹĽ
һֻˮľŵԶתĽǰʣµֻ赲סϿշȥƹ
ˮϦǶ֣ȷе˵÷ϦطxѸɱУֻҪסͿԣʱˮгޡ
־濴ΣգˮһЩɱûʹã⼸ֻûΣա
һҪϣȻǹٶģͺʵ۸ˮٶֻ֪ˮٶȣƾȥɱ
ɱ־滹ǻƵˣΪɱˮ׺ܶࡣ
Ҫǲ뿴ҵ˶ƵˮǸоԷֱӾͻûΣˣɱ׺ܶܶ࣬üΪ屣ʵ
ʱһľСһͻýȻ෴
ֻٵʱѾֻ񣬶ˮһֻһö꺮飬ʱѾߡ
ˮϹŵЦݣԶ֮ǲҿгɽ
ˮľɽȻܶввֳģϾɽǿĶܻ
ɽ
ˮٿؾɽײȥͬʱˮ޴ķȥ
ܵУм޺;ɽķϵһα仯ܵķͲˣʱˮʹ˰
ȻסһֻˮİҲǿģֱӴߵ۾УҵʹܵҵĸţһȻ׾ٵĽȥ
ʣµֻѾ嵽ˮԶʱˮĻƽսһӡ
𽣣
һҫĹ⽣һȻȥˮйﵽһʮ񱻴򵹣Ҳġ
óٶȣ»Ƕ㿪ˮĽ𽣣ʱ޵׻ϣӰһ١
ˮľɽѾٴεм䡣
ˮٶҲǿԶ㿪ģλˮٶ˺ܶ࣬ٶȾǺǿڸֲˡ
طxڽʣµһˮﲻ֮ǰҲΧˮֱںҷһʵһ˹֮ˣһǰС
޵׷Լ֮ȫˣһ𽣶һ˶ϵһֻ۰һ˲ǰ
ЩģֻǸոսʵˮǿʲôҪ˵ǿҲͶˣԪ
Ԫ񣬿ϧˮһֱ֮ıԵڵǶ֪Լ㲻ߡ
ˮһڳ䲻֮´˱ܿҪȴʧȥһű۰
ʣµֻӿˮԼɽй֮£޲ϵ׻ܿһغ
طxѾڿ֣ˮȥ֧ܹؼ⣬ǽսǺѴ򣬶ĺͺʵǺֲܿ
ѾʼתȹϵϣȥˣһЩǺҵ֧һһ־޴ʧһ߾ڶףϾǵ֮ǱȽϵͼġ
ˮһֱû֣֮ǰǱ׷ƺڲ֪۵˾Ȼ׾ٵĽߴ򵹣ԷȥôΣյģ˲ǰ
ǲǰˮңˮڵķȫ˵Ĺ
ŹǬת
ˮͻȻеһû˵˻һλãһֱˮһʧȥһ۰ߣеĻƽսֱȥ
һ۰ͻȻеĳֱӴˮĿڡ
Ӱ
һһĽӰֱӴˮĿڡ


1643 ʣ֮䣬ᣬʤܣ
أ
ǵѾˮĿڣ˵һϲɫֻˮĻƽսҲõļϣֱֲӽߵļ顣
˵ʵ˵ķɲǶôǿˮĻƽսꪺӷֱӽ˵ļ顣
˿ˮһɱˮôʧһֻ۰ҲֵˣܿˮֲԼ۾ʹգһ£
ʱǸϡͿˮתǬλõɱ˻ǿǰ龰ֱС
أ
ˮĻƽսֱ˵Ŀڣ񱩵ֱֻ࣬ҪϷҪø۵׼Ե˵ʴȾǶԼĲ̡
ˮû˿ԥĽȻһԥ߳ȥʵģˮɱ־ȫ޵˵ѾߵĴڣʵ̫ˡ
񱩵Ĺޣһֲһĸоˮǿ֮һǳױˮϵˡ
ˮ˵ʱ򣬳еʽѾҰȫתˣѾȫתˣϦʱҲǽˣֻкͺˡ
ˮﻹĸˣӿʼĸ˻ĸˣһҲû˶ûУַҵѹ޴
˸ߣȻֻͼߣսǿҲһ۷£ҵ߻Ѿȫˡ
ڵ߲ж٣Ϊڵһ壬ǱطҲѶãϸʤطҺܶࡣ
˸˸ߵѾúҺˣǽʤˣҲǵòʧͻȻһӵս½úͺ˲Ϻܶࡣ
һľúҳˣõ֮λȻʹԴԿúҸһ¥Ÿĺͦ
ͷԶȣһκľĶһѣʮþȵĶľˣһС
ͷϦطxһȻǿˣʤѾˡ
̫ˣʮֻʣˡ
ʣµǿġ
ʲôϵİ˸ɶߣǵߣ˸ⲻ֪㲻ڵһ޴ʧҲʮ߰ɡ
ﻹһĵ𡣡
ˣطֻĸˣսôһѾ˰˸˸𣬿ɲǰײˡ
Ȼսܼ򵥣еҲֻˮ֪ǶԷִ󣬹ʤ˵˵ˮһذܡ
ˮǿҲҪһЩǿ֧ţϦطxڣȻûа취򣬺ͺû˳סĻˮҲŲ˶á
ˮվ΢ԶһλãʱطΧźңʱˮ÷Ϧطx뷨ֿһԸߺ
ʵֱȫϣҲУˮ³ʲô⣬Զֱһ׻һ׻
׻ˮһһʼӰǿԺԲƵģ㷢˲ԾʱǾˣʲôˡ
λֱеˮκζ˶СҲ뵽ʲôĺ
ͺȻ֪УҲҪƴһѣȻҾҪ׵ûˡ
ֵͨĻֻܿţ֮ǰǿţһֻ޶ţȻڵɳŲȥ
Ȼ濴û£ĻǺܴģѾٽ㣬ˮսǰΪ׼˾ģǲȫʵ׶εȫָҲԻָһ롣
һβͬϦطxμӽ֮ǰϦǬЩ˻ɣûʲôѹȴƲͬҪСģȻһ־޴⣬ֹУк֮ʧ֮ǧ
طxʵȷϦϾڵһ֮⼸ˮḺ́Ԫ͵ҩʵҲ˺ܶģˮرǴûܹˮˣһǲɹƣϦطxǵõ˾޴طͲ˵ˣˮġ
֮ǰͺûκЩˣڸǲˣʵֵı죬ֱԲеķʽʹر󣬲򲻵ǲʹõģҲԭˮоҪһ
ˮ治ʱͷɧţҪ֪ˮǺͺҲ׳Եġ
֮ͬ
ͻȻһһˮͺףֻɱˣƵǰľƾпܰؾơ
ˮһ̺ѣ֪޿ɱܣֱʹ׻ԶĺͬʱֱӴɱ
أ
ˮ嵹ɳȥϳһ⣬ͬʱɽ֮䣬ƺ֪һɱˮٴˮȥ
ֱӽˮôǿķ׵ףһʹͨȻôҪ֪ˮڵķﵽһص۷壬ʵӦҲһ۷¡
ҧҧֱӳȥеѪһѪȪӿĸоһεѪֱӻԴ
Ѫ
Ϧطxһʱˮһǵˮܳ⣬Ȼطˣˮܳ⣬Ȼһк塣
ˮź轫ľɽɣеҲСٴˮˮӰסôӶӲŹÿһ˸ԷӰΣˮ֪սסˡ
˹ȥ
أ
ֱӱķɳȥ֪Զû˻֪޺һ·ߣûٶƾֻ͵ϮȻڱʵߵǰֻܰķݣ⣬ɱҲôס

ˮһֱˣ˼·Ҳûеףʵ̫ǿķԵֵԷһĹ޷ֵϬɱ
ԽԽĳС̫һĳҫ۵ĹΣյɢɵֵ
ɣ
һҫ۵ĹνһϬĳ̽ˮظһޱȵϢӶȥʹȵϢˮˮоڲ·ˮһһܵʹ˲ˮ屻ˮ͸ͬʱ͸ĻˮѪҺ
һˮظֱ֣ûԴһˮûÿйԽϳһٵиѪأܵ޴вСֱӳˡ
һ󲻿ݵʹúһ㶣ˮѸٺ󳷣ҧһһˮ顣
ڱѪ磬ϸǳǰδеشϦסˮطx˹ʱȴǱԴû뵽Сӻɱﵣһɱﵡ
ˮʶѾģʶеͼڿתƺŮһ޵̨վȻˣƺҲҲˡ


1644 ƶΪ
ʱҲ֪˶ãˮоԼٴһӿ棬ͼѸٵתʹʶʼѡ
ʹȻܾңˮڴʹҲܹʹ˵治ʲôʶѣˮʼתϹ֮ҽΡ
ҲʤޣܵԼֱҽסϤĸо̨֪֣۾Ҳܶ
ˮ֪û£㲻£ӦҵģһûӦأҪҾӡ
̨յˮĶУȻȴǸоһʪŮΪԼˣˮеۣϲȻ֪Լʲôʱ֪Լ
һ֣ڲֿƣȻͲطĺˡ
֪ʲôʱһֻҲסֱֻ֮ǰһЩһĹ⻬֪塣
ҽʦˣųƣֻܿԼˣû£ҪѾûˣ㲻õģڴҶڵ
ĻˮģȻѾϵϾйԽϵĿֲ֪ģֻҪˣĿǰһûκΰ취ģСҲ͵Ϯ䲻
ˮһֱĻָŮû뿪ˮ֮ǰڵķ䣬ϦطxҲǻϴ󲿷ʱ˴Ҫ顣
ѾͷѾͷȥϢᣬңҲҪиϦŮҲеۡ
û£ȥϢɡ̨û̧ͷĮȻˮĳĺìܣͻȻоٴΰ
ǰˮĳĿƿ˺ܴһƣһЩٴαúǰһٴλ谵
ϦȻܵĵҲìܣĄ̊́նۣҲܺˮĴڣǺģоڵڵڿ԰ﵽǣڷִˣԼʲôҲûаﵽԷԷһٵİԼÿһζ飬ǻġ
ĸףѾˣҪò쵤һ°ɣطxŷϦ˵
쵤ƶģԸƺЧͬȷҲǺܶ࣬һûϣʱʹõģ㸸׶ˣҶûҸʹãҲˮʹáϦҡҡͷܼᶨ˵
طxû˵Ҳϣˮܺˮʲô飬һҲᰲûа취쵤Ҳã֮ǰҲ˵˵ֻǸоԣˮǿ󣬵ڲ֪ܲܳܵס
ˮ廹һĻָǿϧֻܶܿԼǻָĺܿ죬ҲΪʲôϦʹò쵤ԭ
ǿԺõģм䲻ֱܳʣҪʱģûѹĿܣΪڻָʱ򣬻ĲҲ񻯣Ҳ֮ǰطxΪʲôʹò쵤ԭ
ڰˮζܸܵߵ˲ʱǰżȥԼʼڣԼֺܳһʱ䱻̨š
ˮҲ֪ԼʲôʱֻܲϵĴ߶Ϣھʮһ쾭ؾǺǿģסĶ񻯡
һѭһѭܵ˵ʵڿģֻԼȫĸܵЩ죬̨պҲ˵Ӧǵʮ죬Һܿһ͹ȥˡ
һεƺأֱҵס˴룬ڵήңɫս׵С˱ήҲ
ľתһѭ֮뵤µˮҪľǻֻлٻָ
ôŬһʼ˺ܶ࣬Ѿеˣ΢ôǿڿܵ
ˮѾ֪ˣڱǿ˺ܶ࣬ѾĻˣʱһĹȥҹ١
ڷֻ̨պڡ
ս㣬ˮʲôʱ񿴵ǰƤӡ̾˵
ܸܵڱãϣϺ
˵仰ʱͻȻϵˮϵϢŮһһֱֻס˵Ѫƺһһ
ˮôˣ
ս㣬ˣ
ˮϵĿϢޱȣŮܿģȴǸӵģΪʱˮĿڱѾѪҲǡ
ʱˮоѪеϽѪڲϵ׳ˮ벻׵ͻȻǻعⷵһıŷǿҵĽϢ
ˮȴǷ֣ǹɾ޴Ϣϵ޸;޴ֱӳˮڱѪֱҲϸܵѪ飬ЩѪаеԡѪ
ˮ֪ǲǺ£ͻȻıе޴룬ͻȻ񱩵֪ǴģһֱήҲôͻȻ
ˮٴοʱסˣʱɢɫĹ󣬶ҪһֱģپȻһһӿȻ
Ԫ
ˮû뵽ȻΪԪһеı仯̫ͻȻЩһֱͻȻˮ֮ǰ㲻ףڲ֪ԭ
ѵƶ
ˮҲõĽͣԪӴʶˮþòеʱѾָ߰˰ˣƺûлָ֪
Ԫ
ˮһû뵽ԼԪȻܵǸӰ죬ԪԭԻ
Ԫȫʵľűսͨɱһ־аĵֿ羫ԻࡢȣͨսǣģʹãֹԵֹ
δ֪
ʱתһֱڣֹһֱӡ
Ҫǿٴӣˮе㲻ܿƵһʵѾﵽһǧٵʵֹٴһﵽǧٵ˵ˡ
֮𡭡
ˮֻƶ˵һεͻƣǰɾͻһŲŻͻƵǰľ硣
ϹǿһתѾﵽ˾죬ǿѾˮܵˣһεͻˮƣȻûκ׼ͻˡ
֮ǰϹǿһֱתԲûʲô֣еϢڷתľԽͣȫָ뵽ǰδеĺת
ԪˮҲΪԪϵĽɫױô䣬ǿϢˮޱ泩񱩵Ϣƽʱˮ۾


1645 ת´ղ
ˮߵĵŮʱ򣬿ǽŵ飬һȦ壬˺ܶ࣬΢Цǲ˯˺þã
ˮжʳ仰ֻǲ֪ȷеʱ䣬֪ʱ䡣
ʮ죬ոչȥʮ졣̨кˮ˵ڵʱѾҹӦǽոչȥ
ˮϵѪۣǴ̱ǵѪζϽȥϴϴ·
̨ȴıסĲӣеʵôˣ
ˮıסҺˣȫˣһøͻˡ
ˮںܿģɿ̨գ壬ٿϣҲ۾ʪһӽˮסһ仰Ҳû˵
̨һ߲ûκ֣ȻĮܶ黹˽ģο֮佻֪˴˵⣬ˮһγǿ˺ܶණ߱ʲôҪ
ˮ֮ǰûۿ̨˵һЩЦſ̨գСգ֮ǰȻܶ˵ܣҲ˵Ļ˵Ҫӵģ仰˺ܴĶܾ仰ҺģһҪء
̨һ죬޵˶ϵĺˮֱ̨ͣձô֮εЦЦ
ȻЦЦתȥԡȥϴˮȥ֮ûж洫̨յҸ·ˡ
Щ·ǷϦģոµģ̨ձоãΪ֪ˮһб·Ϧ·ˣκ͹
ˮ̨յʵͦĵģΪôź˵Ӧûǵһһ˵ĳɾ͸رĿġ
ҪҪһϴϴˮŵ˵
û뿪ĽŲƽʱ΢һ㣬ˮЦЦ֪û֪˵һҪʵĵôߡ
ˮʱѾܶˣ֮ǰˮϢѾ˲ˣȻǺҹǶˡ
ˮ𣬶ʵֲϦܲŵĿˮˮΪˣ
ȻʣʵѾˡ
δѲкˣⲻͻˡˮЦ˵
ƶʵķе򣬸͸¶¿ʲôʵϦ΢ЦˮԴеĹǷĵģˮˣ˭ģȻ治ԭԼ
ˮЦЦҲǺһǧʵɡ
ҲڣǺηһĺô󣬽ĵһ죬һտʼһ죬ôһ£ˮˣǴϲ£ȥԵģһԵȵ㣬㿴ڶһȦˡ
ˮס壬ЩҲǵˣҶȥԵģֵģһһ㡣
Һһ뿴ĳգɣ
ҪѧҶԽ㡣һֱûЮϰߣĺܶѧ
壬ôûܸˣҪһˡˮطЦ
ܺʲôãΣѾͷôû˯ҲûôԶط˵
壬øǴ֮仹ôҲίߣѲ࣬ĵ˵ġˮط˵
Ҳǣطθ֪ұһѣֶǼڲѣˡط쿴ˮŮ
ˮȢԷˣҲڣԷźܴҲڣ֣ܿһٷʢķãˮ÷ơǾ֣ÿһֶǧݣ֮˵𶼲Ϊ
һ򿪣ִζϵķ˶ѷɫζͻرǢ䶼ޱȣʳ
֮ǰõˮϣʲôĺˮ̫ˣˮпźܶζȵġ
ҪĻоƣǷϦ޲ڣ˭ҲûˮľǴġ
ˮ̨գұ壬ˮǼвˣ߸˺ܿģǷĵĿģĵĻˮЩɹˣصƿøĸˡ
ˮʵӦǧٵΪԪǱģˮսһЩĶһȻ֮ʲôľͲˣԼս⻷ҲڣҪǽս
ǧٵʵˮֻ֪صʵˮû٣Ҳûо٣һƶֱͻƣǾһĴϹǿ쾳硣
ˮ֪ϹǿҲ;죬һ죬Ŀռ仹Ǻܴ󣬴ڿʼˮǲ絽½һУһֱֻڴ˵еڣԺԽӴˣԼҲΪеһ
طվžƱ˲˵ˣǾˮһףָʵ
˺ˮվƱˮЦɱͲ˵ˡ
ɱ
ЩЩ춼ûôúóԷοεķ˾ǳԱˣҲҪһЩˮʲôûгԣһˣûʣ
극ƶȥˣ½ȥҲûм˵ģֻʣˮŮ֮ǰȲǰѾʰɾˡ
ˮĿʵƤɳУֽٺĸоָоǿңŮ߹ȥһһ˻ȥҴᣬǣ¾ôˡ
˵ЩĻ˵ˮˣǷое㲻˼
̣Ҫѧἰʱ֣Ȼû˻ᣬڶˡˮп˵
̨ҡҡͷ
ЩǶˣ´ղΪ㲡ˮŮЦ

Ů˼ֹһ䡣
ˮҲֻǺҵһ仰˵˵ǰ䣬˵˵оֻܲǺϲǾͲˡ
һʱ䣬ʵȹˣҰһ£ʵˡˮĵ˵
̨ջһҶԼҹ˹ȶˣȻлǶ⣬ҲǿˣˮҪǿ棬½ǿߣкǿߣûʵֻһԶǲġ
ǵʵѾܿˣȥȵġ˵
ģа취ȥϢòãˮ棬ʱ䣬Щ̫ˡ
Ů£û˵ӦҲû˵ӦˮЦǽȥԼҡ
ˮûнȥǴϷţĴ˫˵ģ˵˫˵ģҲ£еˡ
ˮɳϣ˵ɳʵɳ¿һŴˮڵرİݣǰδеİݡ
ʵˣʵͻоаȫУ֮ǰһϵеˮԼޱȣڵˮú򣬾վŲ˺Լǰˮпǧ
ʵǺö


1646 ֮ڣԶŻƽϺ
ˮûô˯Ͼѹʵʸǿ󣬾Ǻܾò˯ʲôʣҵŴˣŮ˯ʵ˳
Ҳ˯£΢˯˵޷еɢң˿Ӱò˲ٵķϡ
ˮŮЦЦȥϴˣϴˣȥˮҲʰˣû˯ֻǼ򵥵ϴһ
ŮȥˮɴҲȥڵĵطǺܴģ㳡Ϻܶ˶ڳЩ˶ڵˣڵںƽϴ֮һֱƽ
һƧ֮أҲû˻ţ˭Ҳ֪Ů˺ˮǺǵģϾҵǰ˭ȥҲڡ
ôʱ䣬Χ˻ǵһοˮ֣ĽǿĽӵߵλǼˡ
þûл壬ˮϲһ£εͻƲûΪʵʲôЭͻƵЩСⶼᱻƽ⡣
ԪˮһʵķԾһ˲ƺһҲһ˲䣬ˮܵͻơ
̫ȭ
ˮڴ̫ȭʲô˭Ҳ֪Ѵﵽεľ磬ÿһһһһεѹܼһһ·Яѹ
ˮϹЦݣûжÿطͷϦҲˣҲڴ̫ȭ֮ǰط쿴ˮȭֱһ£ȻԴﵽ̶ȡ
ˮŮطϦǴк
ط̫Ϊû̫࣬ЩҲΪˮûˣȻûʮʱڸ߻ָС
Թ緹ˮȥطһι̱ԪǱһΣȻָ
ҽ߲ҽ֮ǰˮԼȴ޷ҽΣܳʲôѣ޷ԼԼҽΡ
һ¾Ǵʱ䣬طһת޴ģѾָ۷ˣʹҪʱ䣬һȫָ̫ܽԽԲ硣
ط̫ҲСԲ磬Ҳǳ̫ܣԵױȵģҪܸ̫ܵ裬ˮðҲָ
Щ˵ֻԼǾһҲѸˣˮҲطԴ̫ȭܸһЩʲô
ʱˮǺУطڻָڵҲĲ࣬һڣʱɱ˵һЩڵˣ֪ڻôԸڡ
ںһɣһֱ뽫ȻԽõԴȫΪУ뷨Ǻõģʵǲпģô첻֪ʲô״
ʵڵĵڷ˺ܶ࣬ΪûˣҪ֪û˺ңʵѾԪˣڻҪʧ󣬵Ȼˮ࣬Ҳ֪ˮͻȻʵ
ҲԭطͷϦûڣ·һˮȥԤڵκ飬ȻڶǹϵΪ˸طβ治Ȥ
һβҲȦӣ̨̤ףһĺܴ󣬿

ˮ̨պΧķ羰ͻˮõģԽԽãԽգȻͨԶģһһֻϲʲôоҲῴһֻϾһֻǾͲ˵ˣһˣһҪĶŮˣǾ͸˵ˡ
ڲעһˣͨˣԻעڣȻֵһǿ壬ҲǣȻҲᷢʱ顣
в¡
ˮѾñעʵͻһᱻ˶ϣˮһȥģڡ
˳ŵˣŮˮţԶúɽվĸ߿ԶվøߺҲ𣬸ӵĸоܺãٱĶ࣬ĵĸоҲõĶࡣ
ǰһһ޼ʵĴԭïܵߣдУʱĻľǺܷɢ϶ǺԶһãҺܴ׳ǺܸߣҲΪӦԭͻȻҪ̫ߣľֺױݻ١
ǰˮûȥԭֻڵϼѾǵһμˣǰ龰˸̾һ޼ʣޱߣ飬һʱˮоǷ򸴺
ԭϲʱıһЩҰޣһЩǿ޺вʱķɹȺҰͷʤһƬĳЩ˵Ҳо
ʱ֮ˮǰһʵ֮ǰҲһЩͺûÿǰĺСҲǶôĴ󣬵ˮ峺־Ө͸ĸоƺҲܳ֡
ԲΣֱʮɣżľΧïܵĲݴԣˮȵûˮֵĵط
֮ǰЩźܶˮܰˮɵĲ²ˮжˮޡ
ΧĲݣˮеһЩϺзųˣôֻһܣˮΣյ޴ڡ
ͻȻˮһʯ֮ǰľסˣûע⣬ȻˣˮȥŮ档
ˮСĵ㣡
Ů֪ˮһȥ׵ģԲû˵ҪȥĻ
һˮ͸ܵһϢΪʲôûˮˮеϺзӦ޷뿪Խľͻϰִڡ
ˮߵʯǰһ㶡
֮ڣһˮ뵽ʲôǾ޴ı֮ڣݴ½Ĵ;ǺȣЩǿֲĴڡ
أ
һ޴ˮɸ߿գСƷһһֻľ޴Ӱں֮ϡ
ԶŻƽϺ
һˣһƽսףףһѻƽ޲棬ӺΨһһľԴȻѾôϺͷһۿԿ񣬼ˮͼǺԶսзͬȴڣԶŻƽϺͻƽսзͬȴڣй֮޲ֻǴʱˮ֮ǰɱȵģǰػ֮ڵĴû˿š
֮ʲô
е
ɢɢģôţ֣Ǳ֮ڣǲǴȥ򡣡
ˮЦ˵
ںܶ࣬ϿҲԽѶȺܴȫľǴӱĿڣˮǿĴδ֪ĺҲҵģþͻᱻһЩ֪ԶһЩԶžȣǲóģǻʱ̫ˣҲֲ̫ˡ
ʲôͨһЩڽϾҪȫ̫ࡣ


1647 Ůﵽ۷
ԶŻƽϺˮܸܵ˱ԼҪǿܶ࣬ԷͣɵҲеи˵Ǳһڣأ˲Ҫ𲻱Ҫᡣ
ˮЦЦΧֲҪȥ￴Ҳ𣿡
ԶŻƽϺһ㶣ʵǿһֱӾͻὫԷߣ۵Ҳˣһ㲻ɱˣ彻սȻһôǿࡣ
УɣҾͲˡ
ԶŻƽϺ˵Ҫ뿪
ֵȵȣ
ˮæ˵òһˮ壬ˮôô뿪ȥȥҸˮĴ·˻бҪġ
ʲô𣿡
ԶŻƽϺƺˮĴ㣬һβӣƺڸˮǲ죬Ҫ׽
֮ѪʹˣһΪԶŻƽϺսġ
ˮ˵óǰµ֮Ѫ֮Ѫ
ԶŻƽϺĿˮпˮе͸ƿеһξѪɢ޴ջ󣬲ϵĳ־
ģҶԱûκͼҵǺһ˵һ֪ǱǸʵأʲôͼ
ˮæȵ˵
˵ûʲôͼ뵽һҶ裬軹յоԺ󻹻ȥĺ򣬱籱
ʲô˵ɣܰ쵽Ұ㣬ܰ쵽ҲҪĶ
ԶŻƽϺ֣ص˵
ҾϲԭˣҲ֪Ϊ˭Ч㿴ر֮ûѡˡ
ˮЦ˸ƨ
ûǺã˭ҲϲԶŻƽϺûʲô仯ĻеСĵģĿˮ
ҾѣҲԺҽҪȥ򣬿ܻһЩʵΧ
ˮЦ˵
֪ôںܶģҲһʵı򣬺嫵ıʵԲֹǧǧɾԿԡ
ȻԶŻƽϺɫ˵ҺҪĶĶԲӵ飬һ
ˮǺĵͷҾôģⶫȥҲֻһ˿ѶȶԾܾҡ
ֶ̣ˮҪôΪⱱиˡ
˵ϣԶŻƽϺҲԥӹˮе֮Ѫ˵ҲܳΪѡ
ĸоĵһĶȴǱĵлҪ׼ȷܵˮûж⣬Բźˮѡ
ˮصϺŮظȥֻǲԭ·һߣʱǿԻصڣʱ·Ͳˡ
صڵʱ컹磬ȥûжãˮŮסûʲô鲻ŵġ
ˮŮʵˮҲֻˮƺඥȴǲķӶٻǿǵ컯ˡ
ˮ֮ŮҲȽϷϣСͲʹַʽˣ־ҪǿȻĺǷϵˡ
ŮʺܷϣʵҲǴһؿڣҲʺϣҲˮΪʲôҪʵԭ
ķʽܼ򵥣˫գˮͿˡ
һ̨գ˵һʱһֺĸоˣһѪĸоһֲǣˮͻȻ뵽ԼͻʱŮԼ֣ĸӦӦǺͻйϵ
ָоܺãą̃ҲǾȵĿˮϲָоָоƺôµ
ʱǷֳ˳Ȼܿ϶Ժйϵ̨յ徭͵Լڱǿ
ٶȺܿ죬Ҫܸߣÿ˻ֻʹһķʽرԶΣǲᳬΡ
ַʽرĿֲҪڹ̱ԪĻʵȻ󣬵ر󣬱ߣǰľȥӦģһ㣬֮ϾҪ١
˵ʵˮߵ٣ǵǿԳģȻܶ˶ϣкܴһֶɹϾ㾳˶һԵֵ١
̨պ嶼УŮװõģ̨յıǼҴģ̨ҲкһװоһҶ衣
ˮŮͼϵŮӻ᲻ᶼõһװܿҡҡͷֻѵõġ
̨ܿյپҪ֣ˮֱӴŮʹþֱӳڸ߿ա
̨Ѿʮˣһ֮۷壬۷֮Ĳ໹ǺܴģˮͻǰѾʵǿһ㡣
ˮ̨֪յʵﵽ٣е׵粻ϵ£̨պɵĵֵ׵µԽԽǿΧѾΪһƬ׵
̨ǰѪɫĳʱĹȥе׵ԽԽܼȻıϡֱֹͣ
ˮЦſŴʱû˿ƣ̨գ֪Ѿ۷Ľ׶Σʵڽʮ
ʮѾǿˣǿˣҪ֪ˮͻǰҲһʮԷӳٶʮʵˮʵѾܾˣ̨ոոͻƣʵҲǾ츳ˡ
壬Ҳ˳ʵ̨յһ㣬ʮһʵǺֲܿģʵǺС
ʱ仹ǹĺܿ죬ɫѾˣʮĸ߿գ嫵ʲģҪǰѾԽΪ̫ˣҲ
ﺮ絶ڹΣһͨͻǡ
˹ֲģǻǻȥɣ
ˮЦһסһȻֱʹ˾лصڡ
ŮҲ۷ˣһҶҲǣӦų̂պǿ󣬻ҹ˹裬ƾ転Ҳվ۷Уȴ۷塣
ˮʵܿģоǿ˵ʵһŮ˵һβ츳ˣͻƵ۷ʮʵҲǶʮˮͻֱӴﵽǧٵʵٵʵҲʵȻǰҪԪ
Ů츳ǿˮһӣʵô࣬ҪͻƵ۷ԭ򣬲ˮʵԭˮֻܰ١
ڱ䶯ҲСѾûˣ硢Ϯѡ뿪оûط켫ԷִˣطҲΣ뿪ˡ
ʵ˷ʥ޹˾ʹˣЩܷµ۵һӶϴ
ط첻ǣΪסǵұвˣȫ˵


1648 飬ʳ
硢뿪ط컹ǺܲģѾˣֻԣطҵʵе㱡ƺӱˡ
ðˣת䣬ϲգƺˮյͽȽò꣬۷塣
ԼеİطͷϦ˽ҹˮϣ߳ȥӰ齨ͥȥʼǲֵġ
ڿϣģ¿ʼ׼ͻµĸ飬˵һģǰֻʱرˣùرա
Ȼʧȥ˺ңңʣµȴǶطҷģһεطǿ󶼿ˣطָˣҲ¡
ûжԸڣʱҲڲ֪йȥˮ󲿷ʱ䶼ǺŮΧżҵһЩϡҩݡ
ɾûĸоݹһҲûжŮʵҲȹطҵʵҲ˺ܶ࣬ˮѻǺ˽ġ
طxͷϦʵһҲΪˮһΰǣЧеرԣطʵҲڽָѾʵˡ
ˮоһ²طָܻʱˮͿԻȥˣڻȵݣǱߵ黹û꣬С˶һؼʱˮĻȥһѡ
ʱرƽˮ͵ŮһˣȻŮûʲôȷıʾˮܸܵǵ⣬һΪԼŮʵʲô˵ˡ
ʵˮһ⣬ǻȥʱʹ죬ֻһδһˣԻȥʱֻʹþкͳˡ
һµʱһζطʵѾȫָǰƺҪǿһЩˮǰ嶼һ۷׶Ρ
طʵһǧٵڵˮ˲һǰ㣬סˣʵһǧһٵȻЩûʲôļӳ£սʵʵʵ£ʲôӳ²ʵ
ܿģڲκμӳ־Ѿǿĸо
̣壬ҲôˣûȥˡطָõĵˮطϦǡ
طͷϦ֪ôһ죬Ϧеʧ˵Ǻôһȥ
ˮҡҡͷѵʱ벻ˣʱ䣬Ǿͻ
Ϧ֪ˮ˵ʵˮ˵ǻطһˮģеε˵СģҾͺطһȥǡ
еΣˮߵĺܸɴ֮࣬һͺˣȻԽԽǳơ
ŵˣˮŮһűȥʱ򣬼ˮ˲£ټطָˮٻصٺǵʱѾ˰ꡣ
ʱٺ˵ûʲô仯ǱѩأǸѩ磬̨վؼ˵ĺг֮
ñ¡ȻûˮһҲǿһҵ⼸ҽˮڱˡ
ˮһЩҩҩŵ˾޴ãһЩ֢ˮЩβξҪˡ
ˮ￪öһЩǲεģ̿ɻɻεЩ˻϶ߡ
ˮŮȻǺܿģģΪӳɲˮ飬ǻˡ
ͨˮһӵѩŵҲˮһӵкһص
ûзʲôɣˮЦʵʱȥյʱ˵ĻֱӵԶѨֻܷɻˡ
ûУˣˮǻˣҺɲ͵ɻ飬ã嵣ǵĿˮ
嵣ǵĿˮ
¼᳤һ㣬ģʲôҲ뿪ˮЦ˵
ˮЦ˵
ˮǺøǡ
ˮ̨պ壬ˮںҲףҲû˵뻹Ժ˵ɡ
ǵĻڶǰҪˣھҲʮ첻ʱ䣬ҴӺӳҴСɻ飬黹Ǻֵġ
Ϳʼ׼صãԵʱûż졣
ʵӳүһֱӳɲ޸ˮģϧˮŮûʲô̫Ȥôϲӳɲǲġ
һǿ󲻵ãҲõģˮóϲŮˣĹ˭˭ҲߣŮֻԼ뿪뿪
ˮ֮ͨĬܶ໰˵ҶףȺ֣ˮоԸǺܽġ
ȻҴӣûʲôϰ۹ԶҲΪʲôӳɲϲԭ
֪ģ꽫ӳɲĻҲˣˮȻûʲôѣõӰǺܴˮҽεҲ٣еλҲ٣Щ˾ǲҲ
ˮûҺӳԺյĴңͳҲ١
ʵѾһϰμˣҲĶ֣ս񴫳в˵ģˮôʱİʵͻͽ
ڸ֪ˮʵҺܿˮѣҵĳǿõĺˮ
õĵطǺܴģϯдķ˶Ǽϣ뵥ʱôϸӵҲ٣ˮˮɾŽȥõģҲǰ
Ͼˮɾһһֻ࣬ˮһֻа졣
ϰףҪޣӳޣֻʤӳҲܰӳСȢߣֻǸʽһ߾ˣ½ʢУԾǱݣҪ߸ʽġ
ϯʼûжã󲿷˶̾˺óԣǲٵģҵܺϰ괿ĺܶ࣬˵ܣԾˮǶôϡ棬ЩҲˮƵģŮ졣
ϯʼһᣬ̨ͿʼˣģҲޱȣȻȥĶʵǿҲܾʣܶ˶΢Цſš
ӺͻȻһ߽ãʮˣΪ׵һߣһˣӳүվˣ
ǰ޶ŮȻϷȥףҪŮ޵ĴܣȻ׻ڴ󲿷ֶʡˣֱڻˡ
ӳүӣ
ӳүӣ϶Ц˹ȥĺӳүӴкһƺûע⡣
ʳǵһңҿƺⲻƣˮӳɲ϶һ˿á
ˮҲ֪ҵһүһֱϲӳɲһǰƺصģΪԷûд


1649 ˲ˣ
оӳүӵ̬ȣˮӳүӶе˼ɡ
ӳڻʳǴ壬ӦܽǰԽǰȴǻʳǵһ壬˻֮ǿļ壬ӳ˼Ҳġ
˵ɫÿٺǺͻʳǱ˲٣ٺǴ壬ŵʳĲУǱӳҲǲ˲٣˵ˡ
ɲ飬̫ˣӳүǰȵ˵
ӳүǰȵ˵
΢Цſӳүûж΢Ц˵ӳүӣҽǹصģ׵ġ
ףӳҵмŮһ㲻ԤǵĻ£֪λҪףҼĸѾͷˡӳүӴ˵
Ҽƺ׿ǼӳɲСˣһֱȥףæûйϣ컹ãϵϡߺǺЦ
ߺǺЦ
ˮĻǸо̫ˣ⻰̫ˣʲôĻ綼ˣѵֻҪԲ
ӳүɫҲе㲻ѿҼҵ˸ѿڵǳסӳɲеįǲЭģڿӳүӵĴܡ
ˮЦ壬һᾡ֣ʲôҲҪ£Ҹš
ˮ˵󣬵ˮžԵģĵĵͷǸƺ֪Ҷ֣һЩ˿ɻңҼҺӳҵסһΡ
ģ϶̫ˣ㵽ʱƺ׿ˣƺ׺ʹˣû˸Ҷֵġˮڵĳ滹źܺõĿ
ˮڵĳ滹źܺõĿ
ӳү΢΢ҡҡͷҼɲѾˣĺˡ
ӳү˵ʲôҲ˵ˣʱվʱȴվ˳ܿ˵Һɲϲ£صģǻӭǻ뿪
ˮںվţ㣬˵Ҳ
ʱһ˳Ӣߴ˧һ˫۾Ҳһˡ
ƺף
建˵䲻ӳС㣬뿪
ƺ׵Ļţһ־ӸµζȴǹЦΪԼʲô£ûվ㱳ʲôǡ
ƺһֱоԼţ˵ҵļǸˣô˵
ҲҺҴһٺһҿҲôҪǾʹһ˭Ǿ뿪ӳС㡣ƺ׿е˵
˵ĺܰ׳գɲҵӣ㲻оղ˵Ļʱ׳һ˺˵Ǵһ˭Ӯӯӯ˭оô
ƺ״ŭ
ӯӯһŮˣޣŮ˳̫ãΪŮмͱΣѾȫŮˣŮ˵Ȼߡ
һΧ˶оƺ׺ܰ׳գԽ
Ȼ飬ĹУϺˮһֱ򽻵ⲻʵϹҲ٣ƺһʼûаλãоļǲᷴģԲŻô
ƺ׿壺Ǵһʵ˵Σ
㲻Ҷ֣˰ɣǹ
Ǹ˾ʹһƺ׺ܷŭ
ðɣǴһ˭˭Ŵ˵һԼˣ㿴ôЦ˵
һʼһֱ΢Цţݵƺû仰Ϳʼ䲻ĸоЩʵǽǵĻоͲվǰ㡣
ã
ƺ˵ſȥ
ûмߣˮֱӽս⣬ս⻷ֱӼӵϣЩ״̬һΧӳ֣Զ룬һʱƣ̫ԶĻʱʱ֮ͻʧ
ʵ벻룬ˮʲôʱ򶼿ԣ󷨶ʹãΪ˱Իʹˡ
֪ˮĵĳڿУŲԶƺס
˫Ƕܸɴ࣬óԼһ֮߳˫ˡ
ս񴫳У̳еһЩѸ٣ͻϣеĳϬޱȣˮֱȫѹƺס
Ҳ֮ǰĻսʤƺ׹Ҫʱ䣬Ҳ˵Ͼһˮ˲ʵԷҵţʵҲǺǿԲ˵
ˮûзֶԷʲôħУеҲޣӦһЩѪм壬ڵԴ·硣
ΪԵĸܵԷϢԼǿһȴǷֶԷԱԼǿ˺ܶࡣ
۶
һǿ۵ƺϿγһӰƺϵϢҲԽԽǿгơ
һ
һ۵Ľһֱȥһ𻨣еĳֱӻĿڡ
һɫ֣岻಻еĳֱһͻ̣һѩͷӰƺ׵ؿڡ
أ
ƵһƬأӰͻȻ·һӰһȻĲƺɱȥ
ˮ֮ǰǺܵģͨĴкܶ඼ľʵǿģǸ棬Ǵ
еŭƺ׵ʵҲеʵˮһֱ˵ֻҪսаҲԵģһСľͻ﷭
ӰģӰѸ磬ƺֻм֮ͻȻһ޵סӰٶֱ½
д󺧣ĸʵܴܵӰ졣
ˮ۾һֱӿûκα仯Ҽˮɫֱӽ׷ͻ֮ƺϡ
кܵģٶȴ󽵣Ҫٶȣٶûƣôľϻἱת½ͻȻƺʵ½ܶ࣬ҪٶȣϽһ롣
ˮ֪Ϊʲôܷƺ׺ԭʤȯգֻû뵽ȥˮĴڡ
ܵƺ׵仯ʵٶȽĲӣ֪ô£ƺ֮ǰдϲʤ׷һϵͻȻı仯ܵ㣬һͻȻֻһߣҪ׷һˣôܣ
ܵˣôܻ˷ѵᣬٶȻܵ˺ܴӰ죬ûƺܵôأԱ֮ǰƸ
ۣ
ĳֱӴ̽ƺ׵ظ
ƺֱӱ˳ȥѪĵȥȻģʱҲָˡ
ƺףȥʱǲţĿǰѪͲðѪȻҰ壬ܽ
建ƺײԶվƺ˵ˣ
ߣͻȻº֣֪ġƺ״ǵѪ
Ҳֻ֪֪ˣĪ䲻𣿡ǺЦ


1650 һ뿪ȱ
˵ˣ˭˭͵˵Լˡʱ˭оԼ䣬ԾʹӦˣƺôҲû뵽ԼİˣһѪۣһʱ߾Ȼֱιȥˡ
ƣΪԷ˵¡ҲˡĻأںˣѵҪŪ˵ǲе
ǻΰǲ˰
ε˵
Ѿ˽ƺ̧ˣɫеѿ壬֪˭ƺ׵ͻȻ֪ԷǺСһģǿĸֱֵʲôʵֻлظ֣˻壬Ҳÿκ˵ɫ
ɫһߵһֱȥʱӳүӺסˣ˵ɲϲӣʲô˼
ӳүҲںԷˣ˼ҲԼӣԼαظӣӳүһѪˣϥ֮ǰΪϲ£Էǿˣ֪ǣǸеҲС
ӳүӣǰ׵ģ֪үΣ仰ȻѾǾӸˡ
ӳүӺܷŭû˵ȴ˵ˣϲ£ﲻӭ㣬Լߣǰӳȥ
仰ѾǴŻҩζˣܺ˵˺٣Ҳô˵ĺǺܸߵģͻȻϳȥ
˵ôϵˣôô󣬲ǲк³ġ
ˮվҲûмôֱӵֱ֮һȭ˹ȥ
أ
ֱӿѪĵɳȥˮĻ˵꣬һжǿ𻨣˶ǲš
ʵԺǿ۷壬Ҳһ֮ң̤ˣȴֱӱһдĵڵվ
û˸ҶˮЦŶԷ߹ȥʮ˵Ķ鶼Ծ˺һ
ҵļңҵֵܽãû뵽ûȻҼ£˵ǲǸðǶɱء
ˮĻƽͣ˿к䡣
ǰ飬Ǵˣһᡣ
˵
ʱʲôˣƺأЩҲҪˣҪ֪һǿߣô˵֮֡
һ۷ôҪǳǲǻòأڻʳǺúõģٺʲôҴٺô۸
ˮһֱߵǰ
ϺˮѾʪ͸ˣǰ³Ѫŵ˵˲С˹ԲڷǰλᣬλһǰǸ
ɱǣӳүӲԸϲϼ죬ӳСҲϲѪȣ뿪ǲ̫ˡˮ˵
ɱ˲ͷأ뿪Ҳ̫ʴˣֱһƴϣĹ
˿Ȼǽһֻ첲ϣˮͷڰ֡
һ˻뿪
忪ĵˮļ򣺡ҵĺֵǿ󡣡
ˣǴõӣɲܱһЩ˽顣
ˮЦ˵
ǿɽ飬ڸо泩

Ļ絹Ǻ˳ĽУҲû֣췢ֻкôģõǿѾ赲õ壬ԽԽ
Һӳҽǿֻӳүе㲻֪Ǻ»ǻ£ľַش֮ӳҵʵȥֻǺ¡
ˮȻӳүӵ飬ЦϷģǿӳҲǿ󡣡
Һܿģҵļ̳ˣֻҪǿˣǾǿ
ӳүﻹǶЩϧģȻ⣬ʵˮŮҸҲͻˣˮߵŮӣԱӳɲʤһоɲˮһиҸҪɲϲ塣
òԸ񶼡֮ѡˮо˺Ů˵ǰǸ߸˧һĸ߸˧

ܿҪˣǰһˣĸ첲ûкãˮЩ̿֡
ˮ֪ʲôˣģҶŹˣҡ
һЩæлллҼռһ֪ʲôӦû㲻벻Ҫ
˵ݸˮһռˮҲûпһԼġ
ˮռһһ㶡
ȱ
ȻˮôҲû뵽Ǵȱֶˮ治֪ʲôãӦõĶֲҲ֪ʲôãܳ֡
ˮϴӣҲ֪ⶫʲôãҺϲ
̫ˣҾͲǰˡˮժһΪ˵õţİˣˮûļ壬˵Ҳ˼ҡ
ˮеĽͨȥ
ȱ
ڰ˻Լˡǿǡ̱ԪȻһЧ
ˮȻ뵽ˣȫ棬ڿЧļˣΪԼģöĶҽʦרõģĵҽʦһ
ȱˮвûȥ
ǰһ浽ŵƽʣҲ⣬ЩˮȤСѾͷĺܺܺһСӣĺ£˿رģ̨ա廹ӳɲϲ档
òţΪûҽߵְǾˣʲôʱ򶼻ֵء
ոһڿе̻պܿͱ̻ѵѤɫͿˣҲ׼˺̻ܶ
֮󣬱ų̂ͣƺһĳһܿģǵЦݱǿе̻ҪƯ
ˮͷ̻ɾЦգһʱס̻ãЦƺûǰôļį
ҲһߣͬһѩװȹûٴĹװֲմ̧֮ͷſе̻˵Ĵ硣
ˮ߹ȥһסһˣرĿģһ̻ãɽ续
ӳɲͨһѩŵﻹĸӶǿĵĿſвŵ̻
һֱҹԲŻȥϢڶӳɲҪؼҰ꣬ٺǲð꣬˻治٣ˮѴ˳ȥ
ҲȻˮĹϵܺãˮңˮȻҺףҵĳҲǺأرĸס
壬Ҵȥģһʱû߿ҹȥһߡ
Ȼӭܿģ壬ˮǲô׽
֪ģ


1651 ȥ
ת۾͹ȥˣôһڱԼΧڷͷһʱǿܶ˶֪õĵҵһߡ
ܰ۷һдֻߣȻЩҲ˲²⣬ˮʵѾˡ
Ҳɼˣ˵ɼҺ˻Ȼ仯󣬵Щ仯ƽʱЩԣڱȹȥˣ·һӳ˲١
ӳɲΪ˸ҲǣԽԵѩŵСѾͷˡ
ӵ˴ȱˮٴΰṉ̀ԪѾˣΪȱԭֿʩչһΣЧǺܲġ
һʱ䣬ӳҺˮҲܴİһЩҩϵģһЩ֮࣬ӳɲࡣ
̨պʵ˲̫࣬Խȣһ֮ˮǰ
̨պ嶼ãŮѾǿˣ۷ʵʮ֮Ҳ۷壬һٵҲǣˮһʮȻûԪ
ǲֻпûԪӵԪҲǰٵʵ԰ٵʵżҲ۷ǿʵˮе⣬Żһʮٶʮʵ۷塣
ȻҲˮһˣ󲿷˶Ӳ
ˮ뿪ŮܷģвŮ˺١
Ůûˮʲô飬ˮֻԼһ֮ڻ˳
һ˳̨Ҳջķᣬֻ˽һ˳пܵĻһ廢ڣҲûд廢ڣѾһЩʶ̫õʱԼҲ̤֮С
֮ˮֱʹ죬˲ǸѨС
ŮҲڣˮֶǺܿĵģϾϴһǰˣˮһҶĿˮһ󣺡ǰЩҵôҲڿĶˡ
ˮһ㶣ǰЩԼǻ˽£ĪǸʱ䣬Ļͨˡ
ôңôǿ׳ô¡
ˮЦ˵һҶˮĻе㲻Ȼ⻰ûʲôֻˮɫɵĻ롣
˵ȥ
Цźˮк˵
ô
ˮɻʵ
֮ǰҪȥģˡ
Ц˵Ȼӻ߳Ѩ
ˮˣһӾͱסһҶ裺ˣ
һҶ迴ˣҲܿģҲˮ§סˮĲӣҲ㣡
ˮֱǺӣһѽᱧһҶķȥʯңϴˮʱ֪ǸһҶķ䡣
徻ˮȥһҶķ䣬һͻȻ˺Ƶģȥֱӽʯҽա
һҶˮУʳ̻Ľ̺һƬˮһ˫ֱ·ץסǶԷӯ̵ͦѩ
һ΢ҲƲסĴ̼ˮҲƲסѸٽһҶ·ȥܿ췿˵
ˮ֪ƣĳ۳ң겻֪ζĸоһӱ·һֻιǣһҶһ˫ѩ֬糣һˮϣѩβϵĳ鴤
ʳ̻̺˻겻ᣬʱıסˮҶ

ˮŻۻļˣõ޴㣬򸴺ʲôɾ£ʲôֻԧ첻ɣˮڵĸоˮп͸оԴﵽָо¾ͻͶԷΪһ塣
ˮһҶ裬ܰһ˾ͻᰮУ˵֮ͶԷʲôȴ뿪Ҫ˵Ҫʲô
ˮǰһЩо
Ůϲ뵽ЩŮ˵ʲôϣֻϲòΪʲôŮÿ춼ҪôʱȥԼñϲԼƯ𡭡
ʵϲƯûдŮƯʱ˵ʲô˲ֹϲԼĵһӡҪʱ䣬£ĵȵ׷Ĳβһͻ᲻ôעΪĳʱĸԿһС
Ҫʱġ
ʲôأô񣿡
һҶ۾ϵĺλôôˡ
ˮϽ˵˵˵ҳܲסˡ
ջ˵ĻͲ˵ˣһֻظ֮ĸǻָС
裬᲻оֻϲ塣ˮЦ˵
ʲôϵ𣿡һҶЦ˿ˮ
ˮЩΪģֻϲòŮˣôûôĴۣҲỨôĴۣ˵ôʲôȻİǶһЩм˻һŮˡ
ûйϵ𣿡ˮҲǺʵ
ңΪʲôһҪôءһҶǳЦ˵
ˮ뷴ϲʲôϲϲһŮ˲ϲ壬ˣϲʲô
ˮͻȻˡ
Һ㣡
ˮЦſһҶ衣
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Ǹ
һҶˣˮ
ʳ̻һŮС˵ɫˮٴαŷһСȥˡ
ˮʲôʵҺоʵƮĸܲһҶʵѾ룬ˮǰᱧڻһ
ǰͻˡˮɵ˵
ô죬ʱ㻹Ǹûдﵽ죬Ѿˣʱ졣һҶǰǸп˵
ǰʱʦˡ
ᣬ˵һҶˮһ¡
ʵһֱ뷨һֱԲλ࣬һֱ㣬ͲĤˣĺܺãû뵽һûǺܿģôԺమˮ˵ﻰЩʵġ
ûһ𣿡һҶʵҲû뵽һ죬֪ΪʲôҪˮ
ܶ࣬һҶ費ÿһζ֣˵ʱʵҲǺǿ
Ҳ밡һҵľˣҰ㵱ŮһҲзǷ֮룬ʱоҪˣ˵һֱо䲻ϣڻǡˮһҶڵ΢Ц˵
ô𡣡һҶҲЦˣԼôãܿģĺܿģܸܵˮ˵ﻰ
Уҵģû㣬ҾһûĵˡˮǾϾ
ͻúûҡһҶ迪ĵЦ
Һܻģûлͷ·ǶҶһҪΪҿԲһС
Ҷûй㣬ôŮϲ㣬˵ҵ۹û⣬㲻ⲻĺܼƽǾͲ̤
һҶˮԴĵ˵


1652 ؼңһҶ
裬ǻؼһΣÿλȥǶ
ˮЦ˵
ðһȥôĸǰ
һҶ֮ǰȻˮ֮һЩ˵Ĺϵһֱûͻһϵ֮ǰڼ˵ǷޣΪԭ
ʱ̹ԾҲûʲôϵҲᣬǴСʱһֱٰķһȴǳġ
Ūٳ棬ܶ鶼
һֱҵӣ˶֪иŮ
ˮǺЦϲһҶΪ顣
˶֪Ǽٵģʱȥ󣬴ôŮ˭Ű˵Ҹɩ֮ʲô֪ˡ
һҶ
ĸ֪ôõŮӵӣ˻ء

һҶʵˮİµõܴ廹ҪǿһЩ̨ղ࣬Щˮо˫йϵ
ûٰʵһҶ֮ŷݸȥ
ȥʱʵҪʱ̣ܶһ뿪ˮֱʹ죬˷ݵҹ˿
ˮڷݵλãˮһ˿ֱӵҹ˹ߣһҶ裬ֻܵҹ˿
ȥѣ
ˮЦһҶ˵
ѻúܺãˮ֮ѻ˷ܣϵڳˡ
ֱӰˮö¥ˮķ䣬͵ˮʱһģһ
ɩӺҸɶء
ˮЦʵûпǣѻĺһˮɵ
ˮҲûоܾ
һѻ˵ʲôҲˮ뿪һҪסһ죬ˮҲûоֱܾүӵˡ
ô˵ںҲ׼ң׽ô˵
ҩȥҲԽԽãѻұۣıԺܺãֻǰһ㣬ˮѻԼԬգԼǸС
ϯܷʢҲûˣ쿴ˮ𾪣֪ˮʲôʵȴѾɲ⣬¶²
ʱСѾͷģСѾͷѾ˺ܶ࣬һȾ绨СѾͷˮĵĴ˸кãҼǵ㡣
СʱԶ
ˮСѾͷϲܲܺɻ飬Ҳ׼ңóһ˫ݸСѾͷ
ˮһҶܸǣ춼ò̾µĺŮôˮˣŮоˮߵͣģΪ
ˮסһ˵סһʵһ϶ںѻꡢ˵ˣһҶϯͺСѾͷ뿪ˡ
ڶˮһҶǱ֮Żʳȥ
мϵ˻ǺܿģҲҵʱ䣬ڵ˵ıϣſճǵĲǳҲһܡ
˵˵ľҲŽӴ߻߸ı䣬īߺڽ߳һˮһҶǰڻߵĸоһ
ˮоǰ⣬ô˵أûѹСŮˣڲ׺ºһҶ軹̨ǰһѹ
ˮӦǿģΪͻܶ࣬һָо˵ʲôԼŮĸоˡ
һܺãҲҵŮ˵ĸоҲһŮӣϣӵŮӵеһС
һҶ˵ܰ
ٿʱܸ̰ܵǿܣΪ֪ζн˵뷨
ѾŮˣҸ𣿡
ˮ쵽·С
һҶһˮһֵۣĻԼͻһϵ󣬾ˡ
ˮóӣ㣡
Ǹ쵰
һҶҡҡͷҲЦˡ
ҲֻԼǰôַԼԼҲǷУĻпģǰ𡭡
ˮһҶ߽˼ţſڵˮģϲĺˮк
һԺͿ˫͵Сһ棬ٺŵҲˣˮоİ
˫͵㿴ˮܿģһҶϸˣˡ
ŮһҶӵһ£ֺˮӵһ¡
һҶ迴Сһæó׼ĺõݸǣҲһҶϵϢ۵СһһҲһҶ衣
һҶһֱһǻǺǺЦ㣬ôϲӣһˡ
ҵ˶֪ǽһҶùõġ
һҶˣͻ˵
ʱҲˣһҶ򸾶ڼң￴һҶ迪ĵľ˹
ף
Ѿͷôˣޱӡ
һҶǵıס
ﶼʮˣڴ½ȴǺġ
һֿʮֺ꣬ˮʲôʱ׳ɻ鰡
ˮЦˣѾͷ飬Ц˵һλҪɻġ
￪ĵЦˣ̫ˣ
ˮʹԴ
һҶȻˮĻ΢죬۾еʪ󣬼˺ܿģ߹ȥһҶӵһ£磬ǻðɣ
ãͺԼһ
һҶỹ
ôѾͷϲǰ
һҶǺЦ
ҿġ
һҶֺɩӵһ£ֶһҶͯԴֶڲСˣһμʱʮĹ⾰ˣҲǸˡ
һҶͯʵ츳ܺãѾлȻ¸¥ҹ˹裬Ҳǳ͵ģڿǰ;
ùã
һҶͯе󣬱Ͼ˵ĹùòϤ
һҶ迪ĵЦˣһ˫ȭףǺõģȻǶģõĶġ
ܿڼҵ˶ˣڣˮЦףλǺͽġ
ˮŮ˶Ѿйˡ
¿ĵЦˣѾôˣһ죬һҶҵľˣʶҲпʮˣʮǰ¾͸оһ죬û뵽жʮꡣ
¿ĵһҶ裺þûؼˣСҲ֪ĸһ
˵Цˡ
һҶе㲻˼˵
±ûĿڣҲûгף²²ûĻǳɻˣһҶӦòңҵŮҵӦòܶ࣬ˡ
ˮһҶĻһܺ󣬲ûоʲôˣһҶ˼ˮҲʲôΣûֱʾʲôమʵΣѾûָоֻǸõһ¡
绹Ҫ¡صģ˶ѣҲкܶ˲ңˮҲ֪ǴڤôҲʣֻԼĺӣѧḺ𣬲ȻҪȥǱˡ
һεĻûеô徻˶ûеطˣϾ£˾ǿˣοһԵ̫ˣܶ˶һȴûһЩͨˣܹҶݵģһȻﲻأǷء
˵Ҳȱ⻹˺ܿĵġ


1653 ˮŮˣصٺ
Ǻ˳ģˮʲô۵֣Ͼϲ£ǲ£Ҳϲʱ䣬Ѿ½뿪
ϵûôģߵĸ磬ֻйϵõһ㣬ڻƻʱѾˡ
һһȻ࣬ѾԽԽˣСһѾˮһѾ֦ɢҶ
һҶˮߣϹŵ΢Цĸо֣ӽ쿪ʼԼˣȻǰǰǣڲŷʽҪ
ܶ˵עʽమһͿԣν
ҲԣЩ˵ЩʲôãΪʲôܶ˶˵ʽرʽݻǼ򵥣ҪҲˮΪʲôŮ˶Ҫһĳɻʽԭ
һҶº˲裬ϰףˮǰûϰףóһһҶϡ
ˮ磬б¡
ԺǺЦ
ˮһ֮ĹϵǺ͵ģҲˮԸ⿴ģʲôʵһֵܣʲô˵ҲԿЦ
֪ˮб°бҲҸ磬ûҡ
౴ĵ˵
ˮ౴ЦŴɾóһԲĳսȹݸáװõģΪ׼ģһֱûü
ˮɴһЩֱӶָˣС
һһЩ⣬˵һЩȤ£һҶ迴ˮļӣȻôˣٺŵ֮ǰһҶ豧СһҲҲܵǰ
ˮһҶ裬ɵ뵽ȥʱ龰һҶ賤ĻǺģôҲ
ʱ䲻Ǻˣ˾ͶȥˣˮһҶ·ˮӣԼĶŮôˣס
ھرˮϾˣǰȻҲдźӳɻģɺ龰ȫһ
˶ˣһҶ迴ˮ˵Цݲɵʵ˵ЦݺܹŹ֡
ǰҵĺôˣҲôˣʱһĸо
ˮ֪ΪʲôĸоԼϺڼңʱҲڼңϾ֪࣬ѾôˣоԼһϸĸס
ǲǸоԼְ
һҶѩˮĻܲµĵ뷨
ǰЩӻ϶ûкúǣ˵ˣǵĸҲ࣬ʱоرĿǷǡ
ˮε˵
ʱͣڼϺܾúܾõһʱ䣬úõǣɺ֪ܶͣʲôڽɼܶѾܿơ
һðûпĺӶǶĸ飬һǿĸףӦǶ֪ǵһøף͹ˣһҪߡ
һҶ迴ˮһƬ͡
һҶĻˮ˲˺ܶ࣬˵Ҳȷǰ˵ᣬΪ˸ĸǺӵñʡ
˺ӣ᲻˵˵Ǵʶ顣
ˮЦ˵
һҶһӺˣ˭ӡ
СŮ̬һѽһõҹȥСȥ
쵰
ڶˮһҶ軹ĺģһҶˮĸ磬ɲõЦ
һˮڼҵʱ䵹ǲ̣ܶжʮ죬ЩˮҲûţȻкܶÿ϶ҪһȦ˼޸Һǿ󣬻ǰûܳԵǾҲûмڣ֮ӵ塣
ˮǻСһṉ̀Ԫ˴ȱЧãŮ˫޿Խǵʵȹ̣ҲһӦþ湦е֮ɡ
СһʵҲǺܿ죬ǿޱȣǿޡ
мˮҲȥɽ̨̺诶ҡ
۳żһΣϾҲԭ򣬻Ϻһһʱڣ۳ϲŵСѾͷ
۳ҲˮɻˣǺͳ죬ˮŮо̨ûкˮɻ飬Ҳˮɻˡ
˵ı仯󣬱ϾСҲ֪Ϊ໹ʲôģرϲ
һֱûãһֱǺ͵۳ڣҲڵˡ
Ԭһֱãˮ֮Ĺϵһֱ岻ף֪ˣûͻһϵҲû̸ۼޡ
˿ӵˮϧҲֹڴˣˮҲûб֪Ԭյô룬Ժеʱ䣬ˮʱ䡣
֪һʱҪȥˣˮ˺ܶ飬ϴλҵ飬һεû鷢
ҵʵˮİٴ˺ܴһ̨ףڡѧɽҵΧܵ͵ȴǺҵĹϵǧ˿ƣˮŮ˶ڷɢļ롣
㡢䡢˫ڵˣһҶк
׺¡ƶˡ¸¥Լˡ
ˮȻ֪֣һǷʲôһҸ
ҹ˹ңԬá
ˮһҶˣһµ۳ǳǶңˮһӵׯ԰ѾԼСԺҲΪ
Ͼһβ֪ãˮסһ£Ҳסһ£ǷֿˮҲÿ˵죬˵Ҳкܶ൥ദʱ䡣
ˮߺǵеһЩҲȥ
ˮһҶ뿪ʳֱ֮ʹѨС
ˮѲˣǻЦŴкˣ
һҶЦȥס֣ûгʲôɣ
ûУأ鲻
迴ˮֿһҶ˵
ţҺͽλȥлġ
ˮЦ˵
ԭ裬ʲôء
һ㶿ĵ˵
һҶе죬ˮһ۾ͺȥ˵ˡ
˶죬ˮ͸Ůصٺá
һµʱ䣬ˮ׼ʱˣˮһо·ҲԼһһˣҲֻطңҲΪʲôˮﵱһ
Ȼûʲôʵڱˮʵһ˵һ
ˮƾʵϵһĵĿݺᡣ
̨ҲϤˣ˵̨տˮƺ˵ʲôһֱû˵
ˮȴǲųˣ˵ദʱˮ˵ħˡ
ˮ룬ȥûʲôȴǲ뿪Լ˵ǰߣԼʵôȥ˳·Ҳȥħϧֻܴһˡ


1654 Ůħյɳս
ħˡˮʵ
̨յͷеȥˣҲ֪ʲô
ˮס֣ûһֱ㡣
̨ЦſˮҪ˵һֱӰڻζҸоҶûκεҸо׵˾㣬뵽Ҳô¶
ˮһȣĺܿģ̨˵Щܿģڱ仯ܸܵ¶˵˵¶һ־޴Ľ
ˮ§ڻĥûйֵľٶеŨˮȵ޵Ůûпܣİסˮ
ˮů壬ůģ˵Ұ㣬Щһֱ㣬ûпʼһεһо׷飬ҵŮˣһᾡҸңҡ
ˮƽ˵Ҳʵ̨ǰݵΪŮ̫ˣһŻȵҲᱻ˲䶳ס
̨պȴû˸ȥԣһЩϲŮҲңƽʱ˵ʲôϲѩڻ˲гɾ͸Уǿ̨վ͸оڻԼڻ
ʱ㻽ҵģҲκιϵкܶҪҲ֪ʲôʱ뿪磬û飬û뵽ٶȱһҪ죬û뵽ټ棬ʱһμʱĺܾȡ
أʲôܡ
ˮ΢΢Ľ˱
̨˵ںܿģھͿġ
ҿϲ𡣡
ˮЦ˵
ϲ㡣
̨˵Ȼˮһ㡣
ˮͷ̨գŽǰûһ覴õգһĺΣǵЦ⣬ۼˮֱӳˡ
̨ձе㲻˼΢΢ƲͷˮعЦ࣬
̨ˮԼƯҲǺܿģοˮԣŮ˸
̨û˵ֻҲ֪ʲôʱɿˮˮֲֻ֪ʲôʱѾϡ
ʱٻħòá
ˮεĿ̨ա
ą̃պܸɴ˵
Ҽպá
ˮĵ˵˵껹εһ¡
һ˶ˣˮ鲻Խǿģ̨Ǳһ´һģȻˮһʱͳ飬Ƕʮȥˡ
ˮѾ̨շŭˣȴŮ˲ûзŭ΢΢ͷϺΣˮ°͡
ջǵգеˮУƺ뿹ˮ֡
˶ˡˮôܷᣬͷ̨㣬ƺֲ㣬ƺıˣˮȻʲôˡ
촽ӡ̨յ̴ϣ촽΢ϸޱȣһ˵ζܵⲻζζ
彩Ӳˮ촽ǣܽţֻܰˮ֪ôˮ΢΢ɿ촽ԣҧ
ˮ˵ٴȥһˮͷ̴̽ڣסĻ壬ˮûжôڵʴǡ
˺̨ܾƿˮ΢΢Ĳҿˮ
ûھͺ𽵹Ϊ֪йܵĽӴʵһδµŮһ
ˮס֣оô
̨һֹһ䣺ȥ˵Щ
ˮˣǰ仯ѾܶˣǺ£ʱ˽ڻ˫ա
忴˵һ㶣ûдôɣ
ûС
̨æɿˮ˼ЦЦˮǺܴ󷽵߹ȥס߻һֻס̨ա
ҲǵһˣȻ˲˵ȴǶ

һˮһֱöɹˮУ˸ָһһʱ䶼Ůһ㶼ֿʱҲһ
ˮŮһûйϵôչ̨պˮҲǣ岻ˮ
Ҳ࣬ҲֻǵĵزˮһֲΪѣ˵ˮ֪Ůϲһ̣ѭ򽥽ʵˮҲϲĸܣһƷζõģֱȥٺóԵĶҲԲζˡ
˵ĵӹģʱ䲻֪һ¹ȥˣٺԶô䣬ȥһˣӻָ
̨պദܺãͬã˵ԸеƣʱϵԽĺãϻˮۡ
̨պʵڻϲˮģȻܴǣһЩҲסǣο廹н
ˮҺսȥħ
Цˮ˵
ˮһ㶣룺ǹȥ
ˣһ㲻õġ
̨Ц˵
ˮҲǣʵ۷ҲǶģ̨Ϲ꣬˵ô
ˣǲµģǰûҲܻš
֪ˮǵģЦ˵
ĻˮЦˣǰһһӵסСĵ㣬һ¡

̨պ뿪ˣ֪ʱҲزˮͻȻ뵽յ֮ǰôʱҲίжԷչ˺ΣҲȥллԷ
ˮϲˮ뵽֮ʹѨһŮûڣֱӳȥźȥ
սյ򣬾͸оһɱݺᣬˮӰӿ죬ѾܵԶǿĽսϢ
ˮ֪յˮսҪȥˮڵʵȥܼ򵥣ˮĸоյǿյĺҲܶ࣬Զսзһ壬ԶϺһ壬ˡȣˮϵʱǱǰ龰ˡ
˫ܲأյƺˮԶŻƽսзԶŻƽϺأ
յһյѾˣӦûܳһ
͸ӲˣһˮѾȫѪɫֻǣսյģˮΧҲյģˮݿ̱ǵѪζ֮¡
յɣҶֻкôûлҽɳԻյ
һûвս˴˵
˾ȻһֻԶŽɳִڿǱҲĶһЩ֮ͨǰĽɳӦǽɳĵ
յֵԶսзһ壬ϽսзһƽսзΧбǿڣԿɳյԲǸ߳һȼ
ҲҾ㿴һͷҲ㡣
յм˵
ˮǸƣ˵ԼģѵԼ


1655 ϣյնɱ
ӣΪҲɱ㣬ҿеĶˣҵģҼӰѾֻҪС
ԶŽɳƺҲŭˣŮһٵԼϲеλǿŮˣϲܳԼ¡
յȻˣȻϬޱȣһӲԷ·磬յѳɱȻֻʱѡ
ԶŽɳյŲʣڸ˲ϣΪˣֻܷܽȥֻʧܡ
ңյ˲ٷҲͽͣҲŹ㣬ˣһյȫɱӦ֪ҴЦġ
仰ֱյɱԸûˣ֮ǰɱֱʧĿԱסԼףյȴҪܵɱɱȴΪ
ùǣߣԺҲ
յ˴ĺ
ۣ
󺰵ȴֱˣǸԶŽɳɱġ
һ·ǵûסյˣԽļǵķŭɳûа취ʵϲУֻԹˡ
ԶŽɳɱһЩֱ֮Ӳɱˣսļˣɵŭ˻
ԶŽɳֱӳյҵһȭȥһֱҳһͷӡǡ
أ
յжȥһЩ廹˺ܶ࣬û׼´γ֣Էȭͷ翪촸һյȥ
յǴ֮壬һѾľͲսˡ
ܾӲŹ֮ɱʵûˣԷץס³ȴ衣
ܷյˣҲİȻľ޴ȭͷѾ˵ֿѾûκΰ취ˡ
ûܰԼԼǸŮˣԼΪǿ󣬿Ǽѵ棬ţ
յֻ˫ƽˮͻȻһӰվǰоôϤɺܿҡҡͷʱô뵽أû˻Լġ
ʱ·ֹһǰϤӰΪǻþþ·һ
ԣ
һ޴ԶŽɳĴͷֱӱˮɳȥ
յȵĿǰӰһ֪ģȻˣԼ뵽˾Ȼˣʲôʱôǿˡ
յˮŤͷϤЦһʱġ˷ܡίһӿǰһѱסˮ̲סҭȻĿסĶ˵ίĺӡ
ˮķ۱ʵǲƿһ֮յɿˮЩ˼Ͼ˺ܶࡣ
˭ΪʲôҪҺյ顣
ԶŽɳˮ֮ûףյ֮ǰľٶＵľ࣬ʵôǿʢ
ˮûǿյЦллչ˺ģû뵽飬ãû̫ࡣ
ĺ⣬Ϊû˻ҵģûѡ
յеį˵
ѣԸ𣿡
ˮЦſķŮˡ
ǲˮѣޣ֪ˮͬģȥѶûЦſˮѣһӡ
ˮЦˣ仰ˮ޳ɣʵһ֪㹻ˡ
Ȱ
ˮ˵óһЩҩЩ˵ˣսз˵Ķᡣ
ǿҺһսɣ
յĵ˵
ҲˣЪᣬҴˣܿģ
ˮŵ˵
յеʧ񣬿ˮתıӰǰǾ仰ůǾ䡰һ¶оԼСŮˣԼ˺ǻĸо
ˮ֪ô֪࣬һ˵֣Ҳֻ˵˵ǰϧӣԲ֪˵֣İһСŮһ
ˮ֮ǰʱѾԶŽɳĻбǿĽɳյɫʵԲεս
սɿƺܼ򵥣ʲôʱ̰սһŮˣûǿʵͿɽǱȻܵ˵۸
յʵһ۸۸ˣֻʱ⣬ⲻɳ۸ˡ
˭㲻֪ҿ۸ѣɹ
ˮһԶŽɳȥһ˵
Ҳ˭ҿԲ׷յûȰ㲻Ҫ£һе𡣡
ԶŽɳ
еԾ֪ˡ
ˮóƽսꪣֱɱ˹ȥмܶɳ赲ȴǱˮֱһɨ
ȫϣɱ
ԶŽɳˮʵǿһ࣬ʵǿǿ
֮ǰĻƽսзϽսзƽˣߺֱܶˮȥЩֻƾܽˮû
ǰ˶ܲˣɼ˶ܴ󣬵磬ʵԸı䣬ڣˮӿĶ֣û˿£еĻƽսꪷһɫߣһתһһתţϵոΧ
ˮǰûһ֮Уرˮһзϵһƽսз֮Χ˵ˣѾû˶˸Һˮ潻սˡ
ԶŽɳѾЩˣǿˣһεĶ֣˼ҸûаԼһ˷ʲôȺʲôƲɵ
յˮӰڶɱһƬһƬȥˮʵϴʱ֪ʵȻԲڵʵҪ˺ܶࡣ
ҽɳǱķ֧ɱǾ͵ű׷ɱɡ
ԶŽɳе㵣ĺ
֮ǰֺˮһУֱӱˣԲһʵģǰҲһöԷӡ
ҪԣȻԼҪˡ
ˮûȫɱǣܶ඼ǷϵΪҲǿߣ޷ʵѡɱˣˮûֵ˼
Ҳʲôֻ֪ЩҪܵͷҪ뵽һЩ߲Զ˳
ˮԶŽɳ
ˮ˵ֱԶŽɳȥһɫֱӴ˿ɵ
ԶŽɳŵĿŽԼԴĻƽսꪣʧѾˣһǰɳǰҲһЩյĴڣҲ٣ϻǵģһ¶⣬ϴǽɳ
ϧɳεʵյŭյͽɳϲյŮˣ̰ջһѡ񣬶û˸Ļᡣ
˾еĴԷºܶû£еĴһҲܷһξͻ᲻ܷ


1656 յį
ǿʵǰ׵ķתյﻶѣٻһûʲôرʧõԽǸо󡣽ɳȴߣʤǰҲܺʱյΪΪǱ˿ԼΪΪˡ
ϵ˶ߣʣµҲʲôˣֱӽյãĿ죬ˮﵽʱʱ䡣
ʵĺôԵѹƣǿյҪǿĽɳˮǰҲֲ˰ʱ
յߵˮߣѾ徻ˣлѪζ󺣵ұǿöͻỹԭǰĴ
ôˣ
ˮתЦյ˵
ɫе԰ףһЩ֮һ˿ϧŮζޱȣŮеŮˣ˿˵ģջǳġ
յˮеɫһֱԼһģҲһЩЦݣÿ𣡡
ÿ
ˮ̹Ȼ˵
ϲ𣿡
յ΢΢ͷ˵ˮǰŮ˽δйƣǰǿޱȣȴе
ŮֻǿܽסģҲֻʵҪϲԶŽɳǿ󣬵ȴϲ
ϲ
ˮЦ˵
ҰԼ͸㣬յױòã
յ̧ͷˮ
ˮεҡҡͷЦϲǰƯŮҶϲҪǶȢҪ
ˮ˵о仰е¶ǣ˼ӣյҲеһŮӣܶûоҲ֪һЩġ
ϲңô»ᰮأҰ㡣
յ˵
ˮܲףŮ˵һμԼʱҪԼŮˣڻǣε˵һ˺ģҲһμͻᰮҲһһҲᰮڲȷְ϶Էʱȴ֪ʲôʱʼ϶Էġ
ҵһμͰˣԸ㣬ʱ֤㲻Ҫ˵ʲôҲƤĲ㣬ӦøҰɡ
յ˵һֱˮ
ˮƿĿ⣬Ů˵鲻ôģ˵ͨŮˣرƯŮˣ鲢Ǻѵġ
ˮеįŮҲ֪ôοԽǰοҲԽݵԽ˳ȥȻҲʱͻӳɲڲһҸ
ٴյյѾָ˴룬ˮʵյʧ󲻴󣿡
ĵҩǿ˲Ǻܶ࣬˵Ļָܻ
˵Щյһ˿ˡ
ҪѹˣߵԼһ죬Ѿĺܺˡ
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ǺĵŮ½ܼѣر֣ҪҪű˴Ǳ˵ע⡣
յ̾ǿҡ
ʵǲǺǿ󣿡
ˮ뵽֮ǰԶŽɳĻһٵñѹԼ
ֻǱһ֧ǿˮʵڱһǿʵǿҪǿ̫̫ˡ˵ЩյһЩǡ
ģ̤ģҲƻ
ˮ˵ϾǺڵĵطֻҪյû£Ҳû¡
һҶʵڱյѷɫֻǺȱǿߡ
ˮҲ֪ʲôʵ˵ߵĴڡ
յˮ˵ʵǲ֪ˮʵҲ֪˵ʵ
ˮ𼸸ֵʱ򲢲ǰôִˣǰһᵽ⼸־﷢ʱܻԣʱǲܵģû
õģҸоΪһɳʲôжӦòô졣
ˮ˵
ɳôˣܿͻᴫġ
յҡҡͷ˵
ˮҲеأҲе㣬ڵʵټϿµ΢ǿһЩҲûʤ㡣
黹ǲģЦ˵ҪģˮڣĹÿһ죬ÿһöʵͺãҲһ죬Ҳһ죬ɵ㡣
յˮЦˣߵʱʲô£ָо֣Һϲ
ˮЦЦǵһαһŮ׷ǵҲûУһ֮ŮˣˮͻȻ뵽庮ҷǸӵо֮ľɫŮˣôȥˣ֪ڻòá
ˮͻȻŮ֮е뿴Ů֮ߵĺܽһЩȻܶʱˣϼġ
Ҳûб˼뿴ڹô
˭ˣô񡣡
ˮҡҡԴȻ˵˭ˣЦ˵߶ʲôǿǰܸܵģɱǣӦûҵġ
Ҳңϣúõġ
յת򴰿ڣһһ˵
˶ˮ֪㲻˶ĸоЩǷһ뵽Щ֪ΪյϲԼԭ
Ƕµģߵȴģ⣬ǶԻĺܾãϧ
ˮЦ˵
һģɲԴӦһ¡
յͷˮ
˵ɣҶӦ㡣
仰ʵ˺ܶأֻҪĶӦľͲܴӦˡ
ԺʱĻɲңѣ㲻ܾҰɣ
յˮ˵ˮܾҲ¿ΪѲԸ
ʲôҪʱһġ
ˮЦ
ˮû̫ͣʱ䣬иǣ뿪ʱȻҪģµĻһᾡĸ
յЦˮ뿪ˮ뿪Ӱβסʧ䣬ϲһˣһȴΪʱĺʧ䣬ܣֱ޷ͷš
֪ˮ᲻ʵǿֲģϣˮԼΣյʱ֣ϣҪ֡
ìܣˮ뿪ĺܿ飬ͻȻоܶ䵭ˣƺ˺֪ܶ࣬Լı仯õӰƺ
ˮصѨһŮڣˮĳҲ֣һҶЦմյɣôˣ
ˮ֪ôĶǾ֪ЦɳˣҲˣʵΣ
üͷ𣺡һСڲࡣ
ˮﲢֹۣǻۣһʵŸǿǿһҲ뵽һ֮ͻϵֹȥΪǿֻ϶ȥûȤ֡


1657 Ϊ
ȻˮӦòϾ̫࣬Ҳ⣬˭˭ơǻãֻҪʵ̫ǿģͲ£ҪʵǸҪյܽҲǰȫ֮ء
ˮε˵
Ҳ̫ģԸС顣
ƽ˵
һҶѷɫŮݺ⣬Ůһ壬Ҫ֪Ů࣬ǳޱȵĸ߹Ǻл塣
Ļ岻һһֺѪͳĸ߹󣬾һ·ſԴġ
ˮ뵽ѪڲŷԼԼѪˣһҶѾǳ۷ʵڰǲǿͻҲ˵
뵽ЩˮԣϾǿˣһҶҲԲ˿ͬã˭ǿǺ¡
а취ʵ֪ԸԸ⣿
ˮֱ˵
辪Ŀˮ𣿡
ԣеѪҺĲ֪ܲܣһܣҪʵʱҪһ£
ˮص˵
ã
ͷʱ˵飬ڲˮʲô˵ôʱҲ˻ǲģϾһҶ˾Ͳȥ
ˮ輤Ǳܵʱûбܻ˭һҶһţһ贩һ··еɵġɢǰͦν·߸ߵĶ״ˮɤӷɡ
û·ʱ򶼿ˣϾܾˣȥ뷨ǵζ
ŬסԼˮеζ񣬻ϵһ˿ΣһҶ貢û
֪ˮǱʾ֮ûʲôȻ
ںܹŹ֣˵ӣҲԼĽãԼ͵͵ĸо
Ǳ룬ˮΪ˴ȱԭЧ͹ЧǷһǾ޴ͻƣôǾ޴ޱȵġ
ЩطҲҪʩ룬ǰ֮붼ǾŴ磬ȥʱˮһǶˡ
ΪҪ·涼ǿյģҲǺܵˮָܵ˶˵Ǹ͹㣬ĸоһɫ˲ϼֲ
貢û˵ʲô֮ǰһǲܿƵģˮ֪ǲǹģϾˮʱûп
ˮĺΣе޵ݣƺԼǹռһ鲻ܽͣԽԽ
ýһж˳ǰ壬ˮеĻңһҶ⼸첻ñš
γһľѪŮһ֮ѪˮһֱʹͨǵѪʱ˿ֻҪɹˣôһξͳɹˣˮԶ϶轫Ϊߡ
̫ǿξѪоС֮𣬵ܿͳԭ֮ơ
ѪҺˮ̱ԪΣ⣬ˮŸҰѪ֮ܿ콫һ٣ɹ˾ߡ
֮ǰˮֱӱѨ档
ٺǿ󣬸źĺˮ޴׵ֱƺֱӺˮˮǵһμô׽١
ˮֻһνһֱΪÿһνܶʵϧͻͻƵ죬ûгֽˮơ
ֵ׵绹Ǵ´ģǵǿ׵磬ǳһƽʱˮܵϵʱǺܿĵģٵʵ
㲻ɸܲˮʵʵʵ˷˼
ڻǺܿĵģҲĴˣ粽̫ˣҪ֪һûߵĴڵģֻбĴڡ
ﶼǿߵܵеԪԿеԪ񣬾ԼС棬ͦÿġ
ҲܿģһҶһֱˮߣ˳ȹҲǺܿģ߹ȥס֣ŮſĵĻˮ
лл
ˮȵãһεͻƸԼʵֵģԪԶŮ
ԶŮзһеʵջ󣬱ⶾࡢĸӰ죬ˮսһսˮⲻսˮѹЧЧߵͲ
ͻʱʵͨ£ʵǿ󣬹ﵽٵˮдﵽ˾Űٵ
ֲˣǿʵ˵㣬ûбʵӺõĶˡ
ʲôѣģҲûи١
ˮҡҡͷ˵
ˣǿʲôߣǸӣһԷȥΪףһ¡
һҶҲǿĵ˵
˻صѨ
ѾŮļˣôʱ䣬ֻҪû£Ƕˮһ㣬ˮҲһѺõأԼķ䣬ҲŮķ䣬һҶԼһңһСҡ
պܺãһŮ˵Ķ࣬ˮ˵٣һЩе飬ˮŷԺ֪ĺܶ࣬ƺԱĺܶ鶼ָơ
ˮ˼ƣķˮŮһģõ÷ƣߵģŮҲһС̳
ˮŮƺкܶ˵һˮȴǵȵǽһļֲ֪ô죬ʱһˣҲѾˣһҶԼ䣬һͱ¥ˣϤϢ֪˭ˮѾûбˡ
ˮ׼ȷסǽĴ̰꣬˱ţֻĽ·ȥ
ˮڸءһҶϽС˵
ôˣҲܲ÷ް°ɣǹϵ顣ˮЦ˵ٴȥ
һһҶûٷĻӦˮֻǲԼһ
ʵߵһ̶ȣʲôˮʲôҲˣ챻ŪһڲܿƵĺһҶ
һҶ輫ŲԼǲʱĻᷢʴǵˮֽر˷ܣֻоһҶҲǣΪһҶܿľ͵ۣ֮ʱһ
һжΪڵ裬Ϊ֪һߵͶһ˶֪ʲô
ʵͻƣʶйޱȣʶȻԿ֮ڵһУֱĳڵһз·ǰһ
ˮһҶȵĲĳǰһ۾һֱ۾ģûá


1658 ֮ɴУּ
ʳ̻Ů˴ʱջ룬ΪŮ˵о޲ɷҲĿˮһҶĽϣɶ־ĳ󺣵һҶֳۣ˷ܣ˵϶ôӦһ͵˰µɡ
ıܣ費֪ԼǲǱȼԼȻʱ䲻ڿܣ뵽ЩеֻţоԼˡ
ˮһҶ˰ϣʹƺ˸ڻˣҲ뵽ԷĿǵһУõһЩƺ͹뷿֮ȫ迴

ƽʱˮˣһԼΧһ˫۾һϵıŹ
ôˣ
һҶʵ
û£뵽
ˮȻ˵һҶ޵ݣǰһεģԺԼʲôѣҪһҶӰ
뷿֮˽ܵ飬ǲ˲ģˮŮˣһ㣬ȻڶԷǰûд·ĸо
ڶ˼ʱǺΣһҶε֪ˮʲôҲ֪һЩ֪Էˡ
ˮ֪ҲΣ֮ǰ׬ģϴ˵ʱڲ˼ҿˣԼŮҲˣҪɶ
ҺöԷǸŮˣ뵽ԼһҶʱ򱻶ԷͲ֪ôݣҲ֪ˮˣΪʶˮʶˡ
˶ǺΣǵʲôҲûзһ극Ҫȥȹһʵ뿪ˣˮһҶҲû
㣬¡
һҶƵ˵
ҿ˲Ҷܶ
ˮǺЦ
ȥ
һҶͨˮԴһ¡
裬˵ҪкŮ
ˮЦʵ
˭˵Ҫˡ
һҶ
Ҷֽȥˡ
ˮֱһǣںкŮ𣿡
ҿϲкŮ
Ҷϲ
Ǿ̥

һξȥˣˮȥյΣûз֮ͻصǻص˺ˮһҶ衣
Ȼ˵ҪȥһҶ֪ǽڣԾûж˵ʲô˵֮Ĺϵ׽Ҳѷɫʲô
һҶ費Ѫ֮ˮзһֱĴѪǿ
֮
ˮ֪ΪʲôεõĺôһԶĺôĪΪԭ
ǰˮоһҲΪʲôôﵽʵʵǿˣȷ֮
½ĺöܶ࣬Ҳܶ࣬ÿõҲʤŹͷ׵磬ʱĳһ绪š
ˮһֱԥҪҪѣеѪ֮һģֻǸӰԵѡ
뵽нȱнƣ͹̱ԪԼӦò⣬Ȼ룬ԥ
һֱԥˣûкһҶ˵һҶ跢£˳
ˮҲûֱӽ˵˳֪а˳ɵϣɹһҶЦ˵ϣ𣿡
Ȼϣҿɲ£ǰٷְٰգ治㳢ԡ
һҶһůЦаٷְٵ飬аգҲģ˳ѾܸˣʵֻܶҪһ
ˮȻܱ֤ɹҲܱ֤û£ֻһʧܣҲûлȥǿˣҲˮԥĵط
оˮоԼڵʵ㹻ˣʵǿһЩ޷֤ٷְٳɹڵ
Ƕ֮ˮǿһֵԲС
ˮɾĿھŲ㣬֪ܸԼʲôôоݹʲôʱܾѿ
ˮǾһ£οԺҲıڸãʵѾ߳ô࣬ٸҲûжˡ
γɹԼŮоͻһߣҲٶһߣһõĿʼԺľͿһˡ
һˮٶȺʱΪʱˮаٷ֮ٵİգȻŰ˳ɵİգѾܸˣˮ޿ƥеɹϣرĿ͹۵ģϾǰٷһٷ֮ļʶϣο˳ϵļˡ
һʼ쳣˳ˮһʱһĹȥһҶ֮ľѪеԽԽǿ
ˮڿԿ϶һҶһǵõɴУִкޣһҶԼ֪
ˮеΪ֮ѪеһҶ塣
䣡
һֻˮһҶܵıƣ֮ѪըտǿѸٵӣˮѸʩ룬½ء
һҶʱֲΪŵĸоֻܸܵ·ҪըһҧתĹˮ֮ǰġ
ˮ˫ֶɿ죬ܿһ˸һҶϣȻͣİγλã۾գһ£Ҳûжһ¡
һҶϺܿͱˮ͸ˣžϸܵѪ飬ѤˮȴǲҴ⣬Ѿˮ֮С
һʱʱȥˣѪ˵һҶ裬ˮҲۣǳŹȥˣеľıٴη仯ʱˮһѱ˳ȥ
һҪˡ
еήҵһҶ裬ˮܵģԹԳŹȥʿ
һҶۣΪһЩѪһ˵Լ˵ѪմˮһЦţҳŹȥˣ˵Ҫ㻰
һҶһλӦˮĻΪ֪ԼŹȥѡ
Ųȥһһԡ
ˮЦ
һҶ躦ˣ֪ˮҪᷢʲô飬ֱ֪ٱΪʱˮʵΪġ
һŹȥҪӦң׼
һҶǿʢһ־ϵ͸֧һûоʱʱֻҪܵǰһ׵ĵطгԵģʱûһҲᱬ
ˮҧľЧһҶ֪ҪΪ֪ԼŲȥһģ鷢
ˣԱҪǿһЩҲˣˮվڲԶھٵһҶ衣
ͽţҲһҶĴҲ˵ǲǼԼҪ֪۷嵽֮һҲҪʱ䣬⻹ţԵţȻһЩ˻⣬¶ģⲻм⡭


1659 ɹɽ٣ǽˣ
һʼ׵绹ԳܵģǴ壬ԲõֻֿҪܾУž޴ĺôһʼϲ˺ġ
׵Ƕкô޴һ˸ֹܲԶܵ˺
׵һҶȻָ˺ܶ࣬ˮССһΣҪȥˮκġ
㲻Ҫţ費µġ
迴ˮܽţͬʱһ˿˵ĸоԼٵʱûнš
뵽һ㶣Լ뷨һҡҡͷһʱеңˮ˵ʲô֪
ʱһĹȥе׵ԽԽ֣һѩ֮ɫֱܼӹһҶ塣
ȴǱһЩЩ׵粢ûһҶĽӲ֮ڶǿ׵磬ϸС׵ܴԼ
趼ǵһξˣǺоˣ츳һҶе֮ҲǳзģֱһҶγһȭĹΡ
е׵ԽԽ࣬µ׵ҲԽԽǿϸС׵ԽԽ٣һҶ徭ʱı仯֮ǰҪǿܶࡣ
ǿ׵һҶƮҡˮһֱš
һҶоԼںƣѾﵽһٽ㣬ˮò֣ˮ˵Ļ
뵽˺ˮѾˣ˵ҪӣˮӣкһŮͲҪô࡭
뵽ЩƺһԼߣͲþԼˣԼҲܰˡ
һ˿Ӳһ޴׵ݺݵϣһʶһٵĿֲпܱ
òûбŵľ޴׵õһ壬ʧ֪Ǹ׵ĺôֻҪͻõСĺôǲȥðգϾ̫ˣһСľͻΪһɵӣҷ
ˮҲһѺһҶ̫ˣ޴׵粻𣬾һ˲ûеֿʱ׵䵽ϡ
ǳΣˮʶǰһͳȥرһΣסẦԼҲᱻ㺦
ˮԼ侲һҶϻˮһЩ룬ЩԻסǿԼһЩǱܣʶ״̬ʱ
ٴµ׵Ա֮ǰЦһȦ֮ˮ
ʱһҶƿʼϵ׵ѾԽԽ٣ܿʧˣʱһҶϵҲˡ
һҶûüڵ壬Ӱһˮǰҳɹˣ
費֪ʲôʱѾ뿪ˣˮһҶӵһɿоô
ܺãоǰǿܶ࣬һ;ֹ
һҶп˵
ˮܸܵһҶʵҪǿһЩѾͻǧһǧٵ
ʵسƵϿֲȻˮ֮Ĳܴ󣬵Ѿһˡ
ˮŮѾһλߣˮ붼е㲻ţԼͻһ⣬ϡͿģŮʵϡͿˮʱ޷ܵĸо
һҶԪ֮
֮ȻˮĹЧһһģһˮܾȣ֪˵֮ǿ󣬻˵ǿ
Ҳǿġ
Ҫס˵Ļ
ˮЦſһҶ衣
һҶһ㶣뵽˵ʿĻһ߲֮ǰҲ⣬ٺ̬֮һЩ仯һҶҲ⣬ĿˮҵȻǵã

һӶߣһ±仯ʵ̫޴ˣⲻʱǿˮǰͶ
ĸйٺǿ֪ڵĺܶ࣬һ㲻ǰϾǰˡ
ϽսзֵܣʵڵһҶ軹ǲ˲ٵġ
ͶǺ£ر£ʵһգڵŮ֮ǰôǿͶ
ڲһˣ֮ǰʵ࣬ЩͶҪԷûôھû̫ĿҲᰲ֣
ʵǿǴ𾴵ġ
ֵһˮſڣǺµһ֧ħʮ֧һһȽϴˮš
ˮҲûм֧һ壬˵ȣֶһ֧ԶϽսзһ֧ҲǺǿһ֧
ֵˮҲҲǴ֮ˣ֪עģǰԼǵһԪϣõĺôǾ޴ġ
ˮǼʱֻǱԼͺĹϵһһô
ֵ֪ˮڣ֮ǰ׾ٵĽɳٵڱʵ˭֪ҽӴˮϵѹĴ
Чﵽ˾ͿˣҲȥյˣںϿԿٷչˮԤУӦúܿͻȥչ
յһûг֣ˮоԷǲǲˣѾȥˣһˡ
ˮÿ춼յ֪ܿģǸеˣǰĻһԼţһָо
ˮһ㶼ԶԶĸһ֪һɵĻͻ뿪ֻһñյЦˮ
Ůľޣһ岻ŮѷɫǺ߹Ѫͳ֮һϺ٣ϱһ֣Ȼкܶʵ⡣
ˡ
յˮǰĵ˵
ţðɣ
ˮյʱȴǶ˼˼ǹյͺ˼
յʵǱ֮ǰһҶҪǿǾֻа벽˵һѾŵˡ
һһԼǿѪͳ֮ˮԺɵͻƵˮʮ಻ᳬܽʵ
յܺͺ໥ͬˣڱǵ˱ֻкôôл
ãϲǳΪߡ
յ΢Ц˵
ˮ֪֪Ժϸ֪ѡ
ллյܺͺͬˣʵһӺܶ࣬˭Ҳ۸
ˮЦ˵
ڵʵǻ濴ϣ֪֮յ鷳ˣҲڡ
յҡҡͷ
ҿ԰Ϊʱ䣬֪ԸԸ⡣
ˮǳ֣ߣ̵ǻϺѣĴڶڵĺǿ
ģԸ𣿡
յ˵Ըǿԡ
Ҫǲ⣬ҾͰ㣬ʱҰʶһ£ͬˣΣ
ҵȻԸ⣬ֻǲ֪ԸԸ⣿


1660 Ȼǣյͻ
ʵڶ˵һЩĻˮЦЦģǻԸġ
յЦЦҽǡ
ˮҲ֪ˣ֮ǰûôƺŮ˸֣ҲѣȻǲģְķʽ
ǡ
ˮЦ˵һ䡣
ˮҪ˵ΪԷϲԼͶܣһζĶܣʲôöԷоڣ·ԼƺöԷ뿪
յЦˣ㻹ǵһοƯƯ𣿡
ҿǼǵòǵһοˣҿǲ˵ٻģߣҰǿһ壬ͻơ
ˮȻҲһֱϾ
յ弫飬Ǹ÷ĵطرķ飬ݵĵطرݣ˺ǰ͹رظ֮Ѫ
⻹Ǵһ·վˮǰǰͦκУͦαܴ󣬵ûи˿׸ĸоļ¡
ˮƻ̲סΣյˮǰҡҡôϲҪ·ˡ
ˮæҡͷ֣ԱɫɲҪջġ
ˮׯϣȴһֱԼǰ̲סЦˣԵ˵ȻûˮҲΪԼϲûиԼҸʲôŵɡ
յȻ˵ϻеΣһŮӣҲֻˮǰŻɬΪûʱ¶̬
㣬һֱȵȥһ졣
յ˵
ˮεЦЦװʲôֻǲٱΣһҪе𰮵Σһ·жȹ̫õʱ䣬յѩŵǡ
ƯŮ˶ϲϲǰˮֳԸĨˣҲܺ˵ǣ˵ûаǡ
αʵһֱΪһһŮϵģҸоеί
Ȼûо飬ٰ֪Թ޻ڵģίί
յ΢Цſˮ
ˣ۰ˣⶫһٸ˵һ˵Ұ̱Ԫ
ˮյʩ룬˳м䲢ûгʲôΡ
յŶܶ࣬յΪ飬ŴָγĺɫҺ塣
ˮ֪뷨ŮҲϾζţЦ˵ų˺ٺˣܺá
ҲʮΣֶһζкܴζġ
ˮǸС˳ȥյϻ룬˵ʲôȴû˵ȴǺ͡
ˮȡһֱţ⼸ʲôһˣҪԼʵõ޴ͻƣɵǵõ˴ȱ
ԲһҶΪǿߡ
ܿյҲΪǿߡ
յˮаյģϾࡣ
ڶ죬ˮֱӿʼΪյʩչѪһ崫˵ľѪԭ϶Լһ𼶱ôҲܳΪģҲܡ
ֻдﵽ۷пܡ
һɲҵĽţ٣һһ١
٣ˮҲܲ³յͻƵʵӦú費£ᳬһҶ衣
ͻǰյǿһͻƺһҶǿһʹйϵŮѪͳ࣬ʵϣŮѪͳԵһЩȻҪǿһЩܵ˵ǰ
յһر˳軹Ҫ˳ֻˮյһаʱյĵһˮǰһѱס
ҾǱ㣬㲻ҪųңҲôģұ㡣
ˮ̵ᣬ׷ŮɽŮ׷иֽȻܣƺ˸һϧȻϲԷйϵΣоˣ˭˵ģûɵģҲɵģûɵɡ
ˮסǰѹȸкǿң·ˮĸܵǹ⻬ļ巢˱仯
Ϊ֮ǰʩҪյֻ˵˯һĵ·涼ǿյģ߲࣬һ仯ֱӶؼλá
յһܿƵķһˮѪյ̧ͷһѪˮΣܷӦ㱧סҪûӦҾ͸ҽʦˡ
յˮһۣȥ·
ˮӣεҡҡͷ֪ǰеΪʲôŮȺеȷʵ׷һҲ׷ϡ
ٳʱյѾ룬ԶֳŵĴ磬ȻڻŮˣֻŮӡ
ˮʵڶЩףôŮΪʲôôֻ꣬һɣ̫ˣһֱûҵʵġ
һˮ͸оԼرΪЩŮƺϲԼ
յʵһǧľŰٵ΢һ㣬ܿˮ֪յԪ
Ȼǣ
Ȼ࣬ǿǻҶֵעҶŮҲЧǼʵЧ˵Чǿ
սעɢģɼյԪǺֲܿģҲǿġ
ˮָоԪӦöǿģӦòôס
ͻƺյ϶һƮ֮֮ǰȻȻǣȻǣյ֪Լ
Ůʲôоġ
ˮЦſ
Ůͺ˧һӦúţʵһҲţŮó󣬾ʵҲῪġ
Ҳûã㲻ϲ
յЦ˵ƽ͵Ŀˮ
ˮҲûиоȻԹɫˮӸھεġ
Ϊףյ³˵ˣѧˣ˵ʱˮһЩϣζĲȳʱյԼţ֪ܿϡ
ˮֱһռоơʲôģһЩҩյʲôġ
ôãҲ㡣
յЦſˮ
㲻ġ
ˮЦ˵Ů˲־˵ģԼġ
ǸŮˣǰǣ̹УѾ¶⣬¸ңˮûнѾԼģܳӦԵûûԵ֡
һ̳ƣˮƵġ
Ƽˣȫˣɱ
ˮЦŶƱ
յĵЦˣͻȻҲãоܺãůĸоϻǹϵԼԼԼûͼġ
ʱԼ壬ԼԸҪȻеʧ䣬ҲԭˮҲĵĿ佱ŮҲҪ佱رǵõϲ˿佱
лл
յھٱЦ˵


1661 ϲպˣ
ôͻȻôˡ
ˮЦʵ
յҡҡͷⲻǿԶģһ˵仰벻ʲô˵ġ
յû˵ϾʱԼģԼԸܵģ֪ԷǶԼûȤԼǲԸ˺Լ
ԽԽϲҲִ֪ԼɫˣôǵõԼˣԼԶ
Ů˾ôìܣȴǸоõģһʼԼ¶⣬ҲȻ֪֮Լ᲻ϲ᲻ĽԼ
յʵ㲻Ҵȥʶһ£Ժʲô㣬ϣܳΪõѡ
ˮ˵
ģһġ
յĵ˵
Ů˺ܶģ֪ˮʲô֪Լô

ˮյסһҹȻûзʲô飬ڶֱȥ˺Ѩ
ŮˮյƺһЩֻˮ֪Ů뷨ĻһỻһַʽִķŮܿһƬ
һҶЦſˮۣû˵ʲôֻ̾ĵļһմǲݣҲ⣬ΪԼУ֪Ǻױϲġ
͸˵ˣŮ֪ԷʵϾʶǿ󣬲Ҳ̫󣬲һҶԶסôЩʵĲࡣ
ʶˣҾͲ˵ˣҶѣϣܳΪѣʵͬˣҲûȥչҲãϣܹˣȻֻǽ飬ΣǿԼġ
ˮǺЦš
ʵˮ˵ˣͻǶˣˮԵΪˮŮеĵλ⣬һҶ費˵ˣԼˡ
豻ˮһΣʵҲˮĹͣյ費ʲô˵ˡ
յڽֽк㿴ô
յ˵棬ǿЦ
ˮܸжŮ˺ڷԼյ
ҡҡͷǿںϣֵΣյҲУҲУպҲУЩûʲôʵλΣ
Ҳ̹ϣյҲ֪ģʵǿľһҶ衣
һҶЦǽǴˣǶҾĺվһºϲʽǿΡ
ǽãЩһţġ
յЦ˵
ˮҲܿģŮΪߺʵܶණѾˣô˳ΪˮԭΪˮЩ֮ﶼʲô
ˮȻܿĳܳʲôԭ򣬵ٶǷĵģݼҲãŮ֮ϵǺܺá
ֻҪύǾܳΪѣʵòλ࣬ϧԾ͸ˡ
յͺϲˣеףպҲͦ˳ģյĺϲøڲ˶ܿĵġ
˭֪ǿ󣬵ûе£ںϲˣյĲǿ߶оԺгͷ֮ˡ
ϲ˳ȻϲҪںϣ˸µص㣬ǱõλãʵǾɳǺԶλã뱱ĵط
Ѩˮһ㣬Ѩʧˣˮʹ쵽λõģλúҪ֤ˮؼҺٶȣϾٺﻹԼһҪĵط
Ůʵǿ̨պʵҲ࣬ͨʵҲУҪﵽƻҪܾõӡ
ǨƵӣܷأǱߵֳɵĵ֮࣬ʹǰ˲²ŰȥȻټһڻ顣
ŮλǹˣպһһǴݡ
ˮڵպҲһݣػΨһһػˮȻܾػҲһպӵеȨ
棬û˷ԣģΪˮǺǿģػҪ֪ػһ㶼ǱǿǿĴڡ
ܶ˶²ˮˮλɫʲôϵ֪һˮӣҲʵǿһеȻ²汾̫ˡ
ˮǰǵػɽڵػ칬桭
պػˮ뵽칬뵽˰ǣһֻԺʱ˻ȥȥĵطҲһдʵỳɵģõġ
ǣ˳ˣڴҼҪǵʱˣôǲǵģֻڵպӵλߺѾˣպĺܶ˶ˡ
˲Ǻֻܶ࣬ʮˣҺᣬǵ˶Ǳʮˡ
ˮϹȥʱҲǺܷŭϾҲպˣԷŭҲǺģͷģʵʵٵ¡
ˮ֪Сطܳ鵽˱ͷ·һСׯǲеһ
Ϊ׵ǿϵߣˮϵʱ򿴵滹ɱպˣֱһŭ֮£ֽʮеʮ
Ϊֵʮˣֻʮûж֣Ǹаǰλ֮ˡ
˭ǵպ£ˮŶ˵
ûףΪˮǰԼˣҪ֪ЩҲߣһ϶۷ߣȻ۷ʵҲиеͣҲǺġ
ɳģ
е߿ˮ
˵ߣֻǿǰϣ׵ͷϲɣֻǳǳӡ
ɳһ飬˭ģ
ˮٴת䡣
˭ģ㶼Ҫһ
ߵǺܵ
ˮЦˣҪǰɣ
˵ˮӰһΣգ۵ʱ䣬ˮصԭأֻǶ˶ֱӿѪĵɳȥδ֪
ˮǶŭϲɱСˣɳʲôɫˮҲʲôûɫ
֪ڿɲ˵˭µġ
ˮŶֻʣ˵
ˣǿľַش֮˻ǵ͵һĺã˭ĲҪҪ㴳ˣǲ𡣡
߱ϻƽˮԿ߻еɫġ
ˮЦˣȻˣһδҶԿˮԵһһȭֱұߵߴȥһɫľ޴ȭӡֱǸߡ
ȭ
ʵ⣬Ǹֱӱˮһȭɣֱըʧˡ
ʵˮûдŹǣȻ˾ͱȥˣˮҪñ֪պҪԼ


1662 
һʧΧպ˶ѪڣЩ˿ɶǿߣǰļ߾˵ߣɾҲһ롣ߣһɱˣ
һѾҲ֮ǰôƽˣװװˣҲ֪ԼǲܻŻȥġ
Ӽ˻ҧأҲҪǽοˣͬʱˮԶŽԣߵʵԶŽҲǲߵһˡ
ֱӳΪ壬ǧ׳ĽɢǿϣΪ֮ʵ˶֮һǽԪ
ƴһʵʵ̫ˣһεģʵһ룬ǲܴ
ԶŽԵԪǿ󣬱ʵˣڳΪ֮ʵǻӶ֮һԪѾ費ˡ
ˮ͵ֱ̽һ˹һֻ޴ĻצȻס߾ֵֵ
أ
ǵסˣµʵܳܵģһ޴˺һһߴһˮŹϡ
ˮͷҲأȻڣӰһʵ֪һǿԪֱӡߵؿڡ
βţ
ˮȻûнľ磬¸¥ľ绹ǲҹ˹ˣѾС
ܿ;ֹˣˮֵҲӵʱ䣬ӵʱߺʮǿ߻ҷʲôʵʲôֱʺ
ˮһǺͱӽˣʵһˮǲ֣Ůκһܽˣ룬ǲǳֳˣ
һһưոݣʱŮеǻսŮʵҲǵңĵң׵ĽУȦС
ȻսŮг棬ˮҲպػЧһģպʮˣǵͷѪӣԽĳ治Ӱ˵Ŀġ

һǺͱǽᶨˡյЦ˵
ˮЦЦӦòǺܿ£µǱĿɽ
ÿɱӦöпɽģ󲿷ֶУҲкܶûеģˮҲǲ²⣬û˿ɽôͺ˵ˡ
Ȼ˵ôĴڣĲ֪Ųٵ
ǰͨ߶ͨˣٵ߶ǹԱ̵ѶѣֻгΪ߲ܽӴ
ʵǿǱķ֧ڻϾʣ¶һպˡ
Ц˵
ˮ룬ⱱӦǱǿҲһУⱱӦһ֧汲ӦǱĴȥֳ˵Ѿûˣ޷ڱɣ
ĺǵ֮ڸԺеʵӴӣˮϵƿߣˮ֮Ѿõ˼£ǵӰ춼ǲɺӡ
õģޱߣĺʵǧǧÿ춼񱱺ģʧǲϣ֪֪
յŵ˵
˵˻᲻
ˮʵ
治˵ϾûˣߵʵôҲߣӦǻġ
һҶ˵
ˮҲ޳ɣ˱ΣҲͷڹ꣬˵ӦûǿߣӦò̫ǿȻҲӱ
Ǿ͵ţһӦþͻ֪ôˡ
ˮЦſŮܿģȶѾûˡ
Ůʱȥ򣬾չʵ׳󣬰ƿס
ˮҲ޳ɣϾڳŮպǿ治࣬ѹã׶ƴĻߡ
ر۷ߣ
ˮǺϣŮʵͣʱˮֻȹΪÿ׷ʵͻơ
һֻʱ䣬ˣһ˲࣬ҲˣҲϴɱˡ
Ǳģ
ӿȥʱˮŮѾܵ˶ԷƣȵԷ˵ʱѾȥˣܿ͵˶ǰ
ĸˣһˣӢˣ죬ɢһϿϢмλã˵˵ĵλܸߡ
ˮǲ˵ģŮҲû˵ǿϵЦʲôҲ˵ˣˮεҡҡͷ֪λʲô
ˮռжԷǰַʽʵѾеʾˣˮԿ϶ԷûпɽʵӦҲޡ
һʵʵĿܣ̽ʵˡ
ˮɣгģӦÿԿó
Ϲ΢ЦƺЩȥǿûŭ
ˮͬ΢ЦŶˣǿԸܵЩ˵ʵǿҲˣʵǧ
ˮҲһԺԻǿصˮҲԼĴ㡣
ţҿĳǲ֪Ҫʲôأ
ˮŶˡ
˵ˣһӮպ֮䶼һʹ㿴Σ
Ҳûеףǵĳ棬еŵġ
ˮɲĻ˵һɹ˿صİ취û˵ݣʤˣǲŲ֮ǰĻһƽպ˻к·˻ȥӱʮꡢꡢǧҲ
ˮʵһֲףԷ˽Լ˽һЩɣ֮ͨǰԼɱʮˣҲ֪Ǹʲôˡ
ˮҲԼĴ㣬ЦЦ˵ԣۣһСһĺá
ˮ˵仰ֱӶס˶ԷĻΪ⻰׼˵ģڱˮ˵ˣֻЦҲҪСġ
˽аգĹţѾִЩˣһֵģͷܣԷԼʵߵ̫࣬ϸҲܽܣԷʵԼߣͷܵͣƴһ»Եõ޴ĺô
ΪŮҲˣףʵԽǿˣռҲԽǿ
ˮȻ⵽ľٶҲԭˮԼôûбʾǵɫ
ˮóƽսꪣһβ˿Уȫ֡
ս⣬ս⻷
һɫ¼ɢɫĹΣϵϢҲ˲٣жһɫꪣˮĻƽսꪶеƣɢ¹һĹΡ
Խ˵ڵˮ⣬ϾĹ
ѩû磬ǸƣǸϳһţ뿴ͯЬǰ׵ȣ˯ɣԺʮûоҪҪˣϢ


1663 ǿһ
˫ûмս˫Ϣ񣬵ȴԷĽˮϺƽȻԷˡ
Ź
һеĴΧȫӣˮߣԷܵӰ죬жǿΪˮ
Ҳû¶ֻţŹȻӰ죬رĿֲ֮УȻˮʹ˾ŹͲȥˣΪ
ļӴһ㣬ʧһ㣬ٳɶ࣬ǿǿԿһ˿һģΪܶǿ߶һ˿һϣӻˣҲûкڵĻᡣ
յʱꪣ˵зӡһֻҲ˵⻭ǺͰںˣŰ֮
ɫĻһֱӴˮӰܿ죬縲һ
мһֱ֪ûУʵǣһʽͲԶˣꪴ˴Լ֮ǿž޴ѹá
ȻˮкȻκѹ֮ƽսҲ͵ش˴ꪼһ
Ľ·Ҫ̴һһȦɢȥˮӰûյӰǿѾˡ
Ǳ󣬾ΣֻˮͰ֪ɡ
ˮģټǿ壬ʤһﲻ֣ϾˮʵȰǿһЩټϷսս⻷
Ҳо޴Ȼܺˮս̶ȣˮ΢ȵ㣬ľͺܾˡ
ӵʵ֪ģһҪʵüɵĹȻǱĵ
ľȣôʱһԼǿĶ֣ߵŮܸԼ֮ޣԼ
ڼŮϲϲҪǿߵо⡣оŮϲˮΪ˺ǿ
ˮһЦˣʽչˮһ㣬񱩵糤
ƣ
ˮɾ֮ͣˮˮʹˮƵģŸ߳һ£罭Ӵ󺣣ӿһһ
ټˮҲǺֲܿѾȫںϵʽУʽӺܴô޿ɹƵġ
ɬ˾Ǹ̥Ǹ֡ǸǿģԼԷʲôҲ㡣
ˮĹһʼûͣǿսͨҪһ׼ʱģȻܶݣˮĹӦϾ
ԡ
޴ı쳹ˮͰǸһڿлˮѰմڵһڿзȥ
ԣ
汬һȦѩ׵ĹΣˮһ㶣֪ǻƽսꪾԴ͸Ч֣ƺԷҲһЩЧȻסˡ
һѾӰֱгһֻޣһֻɫ

֣ʵղѷɫй֮ˮˣӦòǶԷһС̡
ˮҲҴ⣬ֱгޡ
һ֣յˣΪԼʵƺܵһЩӰ죬ʵֱӽɣʵͻǺֲܿģеʵҪǰƺܺ¶ֻСޡ
ޣ֪ޣѾԲųȻǵһμһЩͼͿˡ
տˮֱһӡ
ն
һѩ׵İӰӰзɳȻԽŻû˿״ˮȥ
ˮɫˣֲϢĺëˣʱûͣͰˮȥٴԳѩ׵Ӱ
ɽ
ˮֱɽס
ˮȵЩ˿״ֱܴӽɽˮȥˮ֪Ϊʲôо˿˿ֲܿ
޵
֮ΧѸٳ٣һΪ˽ȦסǰԼȦס˿˿Ҳ۲סˣ˵ǻס
ҲǵУٵļˮǿ£Ѿޱȿֲˣ˻ٱʴ˿˿ԷֽԷҺòЩ˿˿֮ҷޱȡ
ֻǲͣʱ̫ѡ
ʱ䣬ٺͰ˿໥ƽˮȥ޵û뵽޵á
ˮЩ˿˿סĺ֪һ᲻ܣźкܶս漣ģһСľֱӻҷ
ˮʹ޵֮赲˰պͰĽͰȥɱˣϧȻֻаķݣǷ־Ȼɱ
ˮѾڿˣɽֱֻȥӰεĸžɽʵȻֻ͵ϮķݣȻ޷δڵս
ڶеùˣ˿ûˮܵһ˿һ˺Ѿ̫ϣˡ
ùģˮôùģˮǿͨɱûʹأȻֻʹһΣǺֲܿͨɱ
һ
ֻʹһΣĹػʵ£ˮԸʵֲ̫ˡ
ϧľÿֻʹһΣ
ˮʵѾԽǧٵڷսս⻷¸ǿټɽһı
û֮ǰѾˣһЩհףȻҲܲʲô
ɱԽʵǰտԵֵģһֱûʹõһѾΪˮɱﵡ
ӰЧá
ʧˣô˶֪һִˮ˵ˣҲţҵֱǣˣҷ
ʣµĸһֱžþòܻĸȫգϣڡ
ˮʲôҲûзһʣµļѾˣĸ˵ʵŮ򲻹ˮ˿պʱˡ
λ֮ǰѾ˵ˣۣˣ֮ǰĻʤܣһʹλذɣ
ˮڰ˵
Ͷպϣ׼
ҲͶ

ˮЦˣô֪ܲˣڱûһЩ֮ˣܿͻʧ
ЩҲûа취кˣܾǵֻպ
ˮҡҡͷӦףɱȴͶպôǡ
ѾˣǱ飬ҲʲôͶҲϣܰҲ뿴ĸС޹¾
һ˻˵ܳϿҡ
ˮѾϵԲڵˣϾԺЩҪһҶһµģֱ˵ҿԴӦǣҲСˣҲǰЩҲ˵ˡ
ˮԸܵЩٲ֮ǰˣȻˮǲӦġ
ģһˣᷢ㵣ĵ飬Ǽҵĺ󱲻кܶĸٶڡ


1664 ð
ˣպڵ⼸ȫˮȴǿ
ȻҪǿܶ࣬У޵⣬԰Ҳҵġ
ʱˮֱʹѪ٣ʵøסͬһʱʹѪ٣һֺƯϵ£һֱӽסˡ
ǿҵأˮҲǺϲԼޣһҶ衣
һҶˮ˼Ц˵Һǽ㶼Լޣ㲻ܵĻ͸ɡ
ˮЦŵͷгʥ޵ģԭĻϼ֮ȪԼ֮ޱҩݡ
ЩҪһЩŮʵʺϣǺģʺϣΪŮ
豾ҪܾģȴǿѪٵİ߹ȥлˮʥ޵
ˮüϾʵֻǿӦò£ŮֹֻԱ
ˮüЦİɣµģҵĴѱ֮ӦúԸҡ
ˮ˵Ŀֻô£ǰûһ׹⣬һСҵˡ
Ѫ٣վڰ޴ͷϣϣ˵վϡ
һѤĹν˰ԴκС貣ûκηӦƺʲôҲûз˭ܿĳ˳ˡ
ˮܿģֱֻպʵһأķչˮرĵġ
˻պʧպȻȥʱҲȥ
ڻĿ걩¶ȥ
Ͷ˶Ůľ޳ɣʵھҲᷢ˼
˿ʼȥǨ㣬þ벻̫ԶյûдžԵȨ
յֱϵѪԵ˲࣬ˮɱʮľǰҵģڵİѾȫûˣǨʱѾʧˡ
ȻնҪڵİѾˣһεˮĻҪãڵպ֮ǰǿ˲֪ٱ
ŮͻѾպĺ㣬½պѾʵȥˣպϾմҪһʱĥϣ
Ź棬ڹ棬мҹ棬޹زɷԲκȶҪعǿعͬʱԴһЩһЩԼĹ

ʱܿһ¹ȥˣڵպǳȹˣ֮ǿʵҶʱڼŮǰ
߳ΪպĻţػպֻŮˮػеģˮʱ뿪ˣҪȥٺǿˡ
յûкˮʲôʵԵĽչҲǣ֮һ˿òȥ˶Ǵˣ֪ô
鲻ܶܣ˳ȻǳˣǾԡ
һҶˮһʱ࣬ϾǷޣһ¶סһǺϾǷޣҲһһʱ䣬ǰȻбʱ䳤ģʱûͻƹϵǷޡ
һҶˮ֮ĸоںܳһʱ䶼ʦѣ֪ˮΪϧ¶ʮ̤ʨ롣
ˮҪ뿪һҶﲻᣬûȥǵܳԺʱ䣬ˮ飬ѿ԰סġ
СһЩõչ˺Լ
һҶְˮ죬׵һƬ顣
ˮסҶЩ߲Ų
ˣԺʱģ뿪һʱҲãദʱ䳤ˣ㷳ˣͲϲˡһҶЦ
ˮȥӣ̰Ұţ·Ҫȥһ
֮ˮɿһҶ裬ǽεĴ΢΢һЩԸУһ˿޲ɷ
һҶϺģһŰֽеһжˮģȴ꣬˿һС
Ϲһġ
һҶ˵
粻ϹˮоϰߣҪŮ˺Ϲƺг
Ҳǣһᾭġ
ˮһҶıš

ˮ뿪ˣص̨պûлŮħģֻ׼Ůͣһӵġ
ٺˮǷƽ˾ͨչˣ˹ؼʱ̣Ȼˮûߣ֮ǰˮṉ̀Ԫʲô˾޴á
ٳʱʵӦҲǿܶ˰ɣ
ˮоԼڵʵУϸֻÿʹһεһݿ񱩵ֲܿϧֻʹһΡ
ӰҲӰһһԿֲǵӰٶҲԸıսˡ
ѩŵûбչأӳɲҲûУˮǻǺܿĵģ꣬ԸУԴӺͨ׺󣬶ׯ󷽣֮Ǳˣܵ˵Ůܹ˵Ļ꣬ˮоӳɲһҶǸεʺòʤһ
һҶΣòѾ˼£κŮҲٱƯˣˮ󲻳һҶƯǸʲôӡ
ˮͼŮһ˵˰컰֮ȥ򣬺þûÿˣһʱое档
ˮǺܳģ֪ˮһºܶ˶ˣˮΣͿɣɴҩҲˡ
ٺˮĻԶ٣ܵͨӵľˮ˭֪ˮǸǿߣǿߣȴǿΪͨβҿԺȻĺͨ˴ү塢ϸʲô
ûʲô֮˵ֻǿߣǿܵӵģһطǿߣЩͨ˻вٵıϣȥһ˵ʲôطģǸطʲôǿߣôͨ˶й⣬ʱһЩչˡ
ǲᱻǣû˻ǿߵļǣǶǿߵ裬ǿƼĵطΰԽãҲرķ١
ǿߵǿ𾴵ġ
ˮھѾٺǵһҫ۴ڣҲͰˮٺǵػҲʥһĴڡ
ͨ˶࣬һˣմ״ʲ֪ˣͨģ۴Ҳģ֪Ҳ֪ʲôʱѾߵزˡ
ٺǰʲôҲˣһȾͰЩȵСһʲôһƿӲ죬ƿӻε
һãõĹϵҲ֪ģˮֵܡ
ıǸüëһλ۵ú£Ҳңһƣ½⡣


1665 չˣˮһֻ
ˮٺͣˮĵǣŮڵˣǸ֮ϲϾˮһֱǱ޶ﻹǺϲŮһʱܲס
ŮˣͨǲӦʱѡչصģĻ˲ܴˮҲܿҲԭǻѡչˡ
ֿһ£ˮŮһ£ѩŵҲȥ
ˮ̨Ƿ޹ϵٿͷǣ̨Ҳûзԣ֪ˮ֮ҲĹϵΪҶоһߵһġ
ŮҲܿģʹҴк֪ﵱһңر̨գһ¶ˣһֱھᡢսжȹоƽ֪ҪˮΪˮ˶ѣܺõѣһ
ħðɣ
ˮʵ
ţãأôˡ
̨֪ˮͺ飬ʱӦȥġ
յϲˣɳûˡ
ˮЦ˵
̨һ㶣ǳЦ˵ţҲ
ҲˣҲôˡ
ˮҲǿġ
ʱ˵Ժͺúõս㡣
̨һ죬û˵֪ʱԽ˵Խ˵ʲôҲ˵
ˮȻûйǣҵŮǸҶġ
ˮŮҲУûʲô飬Ů󲿷ʱ仹ˮеһʱָŮѩŵʱȥߺͼСˣһ¡
ȻˮһֱûͣһҶ輸Ůڱ뱱۳̨诡ݺӦҲֹڴˡ
ˮǸоŮ˲Ҫôһֱֹͣıˣûô򵥣̨գǲǰ廢ڵġ
Ҳ廢ֻһ鶼㣬̨յ˺ȴģĻᡣ
ڽɼˮǰ仰仰һԼŮʵչһǡ
Ҫ벻۸ǾҪʵϣѾͨţǾ˰ɣȻᱻ˲ȵġ
ˮŮ͸оԼŮòĲƸע⣬Լûʵô类ɱܶ˰ɣ
һˮܿģɾĽչˣһĽչʱˣһʮ
֪ˮֺҲܾˣҪˮ廭ʱãԸоʶĸá
չֻǳһţκ޶һģˮ廹ɫԼˮֻޡ
һʮȻе٣ϴһҶҲУˮõʹãаͷ룬ϴޡеԼ޶ʹˡ
ʣ°˿ţ̨պ궼һţţͨһţѩŵʵҪǿʣʱͲѩŵˣʣĿˮ׼ҹ˹衢׺¡۳ݺӡ
˶ˣֻʵʹãֵܷģϾɾϵʯ޻֮Ȫʷȣʱ˺̵ܶľ롣
Ȼˮֱõ˺Ͱͷʹ˽չϴʵˮðͷʹõģƽоͷʺϽչϧ̫ˣֻͷҪ
ܿϺɫȼڵ͸ɫһǿҵϢȻˮЦˣſо޴ĺɫ׵Ȼ¡
ˡ
ˮڴǵ˵һ֪Ӧǰɡ
ʱһĹȥ˵廹ޱǿģʼպ˳ϵķ߿ɫԽںޡ
һֱȫˮſˣһε˵ı仯ǺܴûбīɢɭĹâǿϢˣԶһ㣬ɢ׺֮˹ͷ䡣
ˣѪȣǿ
ˮеС֮ǰ˵Ѫǿǲ֪ôֵģǼǿһǿһǿǿȻԵ֪
˵ıʵѾﵽ˿ֲһͻƱʵֱԭʮˮ֮С
ˮֱȥսûб仯
ڤ죬սģõһٱʵʹκս͹Ķ롣
ûб仯ˮ֪㲻ٱأ治ôͻƵġ
߼У˵ǿٶ߰ٱļٰٱ
ֲˮڿԿ϶һܳŵξݲöʱ䡭
棺񷢶ǿĻ湥ڵĻԷһУпµƻڷ˵ǿս湥ʮĹ
죺ս湥Ӱٱܵ˺еֿűģ
ڤ򣺷򹥻ӰٱĹ̺ſµıƵʱٴη
ܵ˺ʱɵļԡɹһɱ䣬ʵһ
֮ģǿķ֮Ŀ÷˵ٴһܵ˺ٴμ룬еļһġս
֮֮ǿľѹƣѹʵһɣĿʧȥսѹƲǾԵġģս
ǰĹԴﵽ˰˰ٵޣˮ֪ʵڵ˵㲻ǿˡ
չĺôˮ֪ˣϧȶܳˣչʵԽǿԽã츳ԽãԽãʵҪ
ˮҲһֻˣԿ˵ʵУǿǿˮһ˲
һسıӣˮսԴ󵨵Ľ
ͨûˮæȥ
ɱ
Ǿɱ
ɱʮɱһӵʱ䣬ھɱ״̬£ʮÿֻʹһΡ
ˮеǵ˿µսˮһȾɱǿ󣬿ϧֻʹһΣɱһӣһӺܶ鶼Ѿ㹻ˡ
ǧĹӻһӣǶôֲƻ
ˮˣ˷߿ˮϷǿý޵ȶǺܰʵ⡣
֮⣬һ֮
֮ȼһвȼ֮ûйȼվȼһС
ˮûȥܲܰ޸ȼˣڵƺҲͦµ˵ģڵĵ˱֮ǰ׺а֮ˮɺ˵ᡣ
ɾģ޴ͩķﳲ
ʱͷҲʼ仯


1666 ޻Σǿľͷ
ͷϽһĹԽԽƺѾ˹ΣǿϢѸ
ͻȻˮоۼ׵磬ˣΪٵףڵİͷֻӭһ٣ȹ˾ޡ
ˮţΪˮоͷҪһЩʱ䣬ͷȻޣ˵һܳΪĴڣˮҲҪʱ䡣
չؼչ֮һЩ츳رǿĹЧһˮоŽչӦǰͷõ
еƵԽ£Խ࣬ܿ׵ٿʼˣˮȷֻһֱˮоҪҪȽҪޣȴҪͻƵˡ
ֻǹһˮüͷˣΪе׵еף֮ǰ˵׵ƺҪףˮڿͷ뿸ȥӦúѡ
ͷ˿ԴͣĻλöܿе׵磬޴ҲǱ任״ӭſе׵硣
ʱУͷڲϵǿţͬе׵ҲڲϵţҲڲϵǿ
ž
ʱ䣬һ޴ɽֱ˰ͷһֻԴϣһֱӽеһԴˡ
ͷʣµ߸Դ޴ı֮񣬻ʹ֮ˮᣬǰһʱͷ۵𣬲ˮǰȥ
ͷȻһʼۣһСŮСһʮ겻СŮ
ΪˮЩ۵ľˣĶǽһ˵ʶʱ򣬾ͰͷǸСӣҲܾһ˵ĸо̫Σյʱ򶼲Ѱͷг
˰ͷֹˮûǰʱİͷѾԡѪУڼǿ֧š
ž
һԴѣˮоԼһ飬ۣͷ벻æϾˮһǾΣˣˮҲǺȫ˵ġ
Դ飬ѾˣֻʣмĺţԴǰͷҪԴ
İͷѾˣеήң֧ţڿţˮ
ѱʦѱ޾ѱʦˣˮ޶ˮ˵Ҳ࣬ôദʶˮͲٰǵˡ
ͻȻһӾ޴׵Ȼ£ˮʱҲӦֱмԴϣֱʧˡ
ǰͷͷû˺пܾͻǽɫͷˮ˫սﵣ֣ŻԴİͷޱȣ׼ϧһд۽ȻԺΪһ֧ͨޡ

ʱͷֱӱҫ۵ĹΣŽɫͷֱȻ֮ǰλó䣬ȴǲ͸һϬ
·ת½ֳףһ³˾ŸԴ
ͷ룡
ȻΪͷˣˮôҲû뵽ʵҲͷΪͷĻͽˣҲ룬û뵽һô죬мҲա
Ѳк󸣣ġ
еѾڽļˮԽ˼ˣΪͷֱӰһγΪһСŮ˾ľСŮսס
Σ
ȻܻΣɼ޾һЩĻޣκһЩ֮ĻͬŮѪܽӽ˭ӽ˭Ǿ̬Ǻ塣
κ޶ԵģҪʵܿ£ҲҪһЩĳںܶʶƷˮ֮ǰжϡ
ȻܻΣʵԵľ壬˵嶼ܻΣһͨϾ޴ͺܶʱǲġ
廹кܶǿʵ֮ҲܻΣ󲿷ʵҲʱܱ任ĴС
ˮ뵽ˣ֪ΪʲôûлΣ֪ǻܣûл
СŮˮǺİģˮĵ˹
ˮ
ʶʱһƽʱʱҲСӽһ󲿷ֶΣʲôܵи֪
ˮ֮¶ЦȻˣҲҿɣ
˾޴һ䶯һӢ˳ˣǷ٣޵ˡ
һڵս£Ȼˮ˵ˣ
ˮеˣ֪ʲôʱʼ˲ԼӦʱǻ˰ɣԼһֱˡ
ˮɣ˺һ
ˮЦ˵
ˮʵ˵˵˵ʵΪյ
ϴҺϴɣ
˵
ˮһ㶣û뵽˵ƺ˵ʵˮˣЦ˵ãҽʲôء
ϴڤˡ
ˮȻӦͷһߵľͷˣˮСѾͷ֮ǰҲǣһˣϽȥס
ڤǸӣˮоֵܣڤɾɾˮѪˮоڤڿֵܡ
СѾͷͲͬˣ֮ǸСŮǺʲôĶСŮ֮ǰûʲôġ
Ѿͷʲôأ
ˮЦʵ
ҽ
ˮоҲͦˣҲֱˮȥʵ
ʵﵽ˶ˮˣͷ룬ӦʵȻô࣬Ǿͷսʱ֪С廹֮ǰľ޴塭
Ԫͷ츳սõʵٱġ
Ԫûб仯ˮû˿֣˵츳սûͻưٱûͻˡ
ʴͷ뷢޵иǿĸʴճԣ͵˿ǵҲԿϣ˺İʮ˺
˿ƣͷԷһ˿ڶҾйƣٶȼ죬˿ճԺͶԸǿʵİٱ
˲٣ӵĸֲ࣬
Ⱥ֮ף޵Ķǿ񣬿ĹߵΪͷ룬һʳ롣
ߵԽɰͷˣһ޴Ľ֮ǰֻܽͷġ
˿ɣսģٶӰʮ
ͷİޱȣżǿĶԺʹ͸Ч
ܣͷķǿ
ףսͷٱļ̡Լ˿ļ̡ճԼԡʮĹͳ־ģ
˿þͷʵʮԡӲ˿ճԡʮ
߾ϣڵľͷ˿ѷɫ


1667 ʥչϹ껯
ͷʵڴﵽǧӿ£жԼ˿ĶԡճԶޱȵĿ£
ˮߵڤоرĹŹ֣СѾͷԼԼĺҲˣһҲûʲôοѱʦѱ޶ѱʦ˵ǵĺһ
ĿҲޱȵĿֲҪǿ˿ͬ޲ߣ־ޱȡ
֮ǰڤΪ޻ûüúõĿģֳΪޣ˭˵˫
κ޻Ǵ󿪣һڤݲԸһֱɾˣϢʱǻɾģϾеĺôǾ޴ġ
ڤɳɾһ㣬ȥ֮ˮ֮⣬صɾʱˮܻ֮صɾˮõģǿԵģϾ޺ܶ࣬ʲôطг
ˮõԭΪԼϰߣ
һֱڶˮɾﻹǺ˷ܵģѾԽԽõһ淢չˣڤﲻϰߺͱദԲûкˮһȥ
ǳȥҲǺɣˮƣȽڤļңкˮ֮һ˿˵ᣬɾԭ
ˮҲѪȾıڤɾģѪĸо
ڤﲻȴǸˮ˿ʱǺܾȣ˭Ҳ֪СѾͷǴġ
̨պҲǾȵĿˮˮЦǵŮ
û˵Ą̊́ջ壬ȫҲ˵Ą̊́գˮԴ
סǣ⼸Ů֪ǻޣ֮˱ҪʱΪΣʱ䶼̬
֪СѾʵڵʱ򣬼ŮǾȵĿ˭Ҳġ
̨պǶһŮӣ֪ޣһΣôǴ󿪣˵ѾǳɵĴڣ޶
ŮεǣŮס
ŮŹֵĿˮˮЦûн̵ͣģ˵һûţŮǿĵĽŮǿŮ
ˮڸоеңȻѾʮ꣬ǰʮҪãֵۡ۵ȵȣ
˱ܵĶһЩΣոܣǿһЩкˮӴ࣬ڵ۹ۿǸоر档
ˮʵѾɾ˺ܾˣϾµʱ䣬϶˺ڤﻹ˵ˡ
ϾҪڽ½ڽˮܱߵˣԺҪһţǻǴ󿪵һ˲䣬ѾǰʶǵʶѾһʶ
˶뿪ˣˮҪ̨գֱʹ˾һɽˮɽء
ˮҸʹõľУҾƽʱе֮ﻹǵһ
ϴʹ˽չûˮΪ̨ʹýչġ
̨յʵʱ䲻ãˮ֪ܲʵ˳ͻƣĿǰʵӦûġ
ûͻ
ˮɽš
Ҹоںܺá
̨տΧ˵
ûħᵽ
ˮЦЦ˵
ʵͻƵ֮뷨ġ
̨˵
ˮ֣ͻΪǿߡ
̨տˮٴθо˺İͻȻֵԽĸоɲ⣬źܹŹֵ
𣿡
ˮЦſžȵ̨ա
еţ
ôˡ
ˮСĵ˵һ䣬̨տЦҪոȣе̽ʡ
̨ƺûˮռ˵˼е㲻˼ŤͷˮǰǷޣҼйһܵĽӴʵڲǷޣֻһ
ˮóչʥĴڣɱˣȻԵչпͻƣΪ޼ǺܴģϾԵչЧһ˻޳ԵЧҪϺܶࡣ
ãһá
Ϲ̨յǰѾǾҲһ֮ңһסϹˣΪϹԺˣԪȴǺܾãкܾúܾãֻΪϺǰǴǰ
չϹ˵ʵʥй֮޲
ˮϹ껹Ǻ𾴵ģһֱΪ̨£ûлȴӵ߱޻ߵǡ
ˮ̨պϹ껤Ϲͻûκģ̨Ҳûʲô⣬ϾԼˣˮҲġ
չˮرǶޣڤõ˵ҲĪĺôֻǲ֪ܲͻƣˮﻹûס
ʱһĹȥзӦϹ꣬ϵĹɫڼҹɢѤĹΣϹľˮеԶϾϹĿͷ󣬶һͻ٣ԾԶһ
е׵Ѿգˮûȷе֪Ϲʵǰһֱֻ֪ǿ󣬺ˮҲ٣̨սϹġ
䡭
׵粻ͣϹϣϹϵЩɫѸٵգǲҲܷһЩܵ˺

ܾ֮һе𣬿е׵ȥϹϵȻ·ڲһǿҵϢˮǸо𾪡
޴Ϲʧˣһ˳˺ϣȴܾ忴ӲʣһźͰ˺׽С
ΣϹǴ仯ޣ޷ˣڽչһͻƵΪǿߡ
ǿѾʲô޺ˣϵĻϵϣѱʦѱޣѱ޻ɺѱʦϵս󲿷ֻսΪԽʵӵ󣬾սѾˣȻȥսȻܶࡣ
һӵǿǾͱ໹Ҫǿ󣬺ܶڶǻ޽ģʱˮ뵽廢ڡ
廢ѵǻ޽ģѵǻﴫģ
һˮٶ룬Ժеʱ䣬ϹΪǿߣˮܿģ̨յ̨Ϲķܴܴ
ϹˮϵЦͣû̫ľϲˮǺܾȵģҪ֪˭ͻƵôĵˮܸоϹĵװġ
ĻҲ˵ˣˮѾͷעǷֲġ
Ϲ˵仰ʱرĿġ
үӣƺҲôףϣ
ʯΪߣǿѾͷ


1668 Ԫ̨յı仯
ˮЦŵͷϹһȥ̨գ̨ջûд٣ɸڰգתе̨ħ֮Ѫˮĵĵطһγɹڵħ֮ѪѣͻƵ鲻ôá
ӵнչο̨յʵҪﵽģȫħ֮ѪĻ鷳
չʥӦöֻкôûлʥӦÿԶڵħ֮Ѫһħͬϣܰħ֮ѪӰ졣
ʵ½żħƾļǿĽԼıȫƣǽħ֮ѪӰ죬ٵ仯
һʱˮߵ˻½üˮԼŵĸоȴʵĴڣѪչ졣
ȻҪǼŮ޵ʵﵽһٽ㣬һ֮ңͷһ⡣
оۼʱˮ֪Ǹø˻ǵģ̨һͻƣ䣬Ļˮˡ
ˮ̨֮֮ǰ˺ܶ࣬һͻٴλص֮ǰǾˡ
ͻȻ̨һ˿֣Ȼһ˫ɫѪһĹâȻˮһסˡ
ûм񣬱гһ˵ζѪ°ˮһ飬ʱе׵Ȼ¡
̨վһƾе׵粻ͣ£ƺǿԿе׵߲ܣʵڿֲţӵٶˮļ¡
䣡
ͻȻ̨յ·һƱըһе׵ͻȻһʧĸɸɾֻһ޵ŮվɢޱϢ
۾ѾָǺ䣬ʱһɫĹһһĹξ綬յһ̨Ȼ䣬ˮϹ궼ܵһЩȾ
ˮϹ꣬һһֱӳˮϹߣϸһ˿Ȼ΢Ц
ˮٴһ㶣֮ǰо䣬ƺˣӦǳǵɫĹϣͨȥܿˡ
չǽչãҲǿߣˮĵԪǻԪԺħ֮ѪԿħ֮Ѫġ
ˮڿ˵ĵģȻ˵̨ջȥ廢ڣˮĵģˮĵħ֮Ѫħ֮Ѫ޷ƣԺ治֪ô
ħ֮ѪһڣҲܿƵģֻ̫ˣ̨ܲδ֪
ˮһԪĴ̨ӵħеʵٶȣľȫܵӰ죬˵һ²׬ˣ׬ˡ
үӣ㻯ˡ
̨պܿģ̨УϹˣŵˣʲô鶼˵ġ
ˮˣǸӣȺˮ˵ȥ׼£ףף
Ϲֻˮ̨˵ѡ
ˮ̨Ҳû˵ʲôϹʧԭء
ĳΪˣˮ
̨΢Цſˮ
ڵ̨ˮƺϵ֮˺ܶ࣬ȻޱȣϵЦȴԽԽˡ
ʲôʱƭ㣬ʵô
ˮЦ˵
ˮռ̨վûһǴһ˿Ц⣺һǧ˰ٵ
ħߵĺôˮоħеǿӵħ֮ѪĴʵչޱѸ٣ҲħƣҲУᱻħ֮Ѫƣ䣬ɥʧҲ֪ʵǸȡ
̨ղͬˮһֱ̱ԪԪǿĻԪһռ˱ˣ԰Ѵ󲿷ħߺս񴫳˦
ڷˣٴλصǰ
ˮиж˵
̨һůԺ󲻻ˣҲˡ
ٺǺúôһʱ䣬㡣
ţˣ㲻ħ׼Ǩݣ˵Ǩأ
̨롣
ˮҡҡͷʵˣ˻еںҲǺٺ٣һǸоҪǨ̫ٺһߴҲԺýһ㡣
ҲôģѾħĸˡ
̨Ц
ҵˣħǲҲҵġ
̨ЦЦû˵ҲûҺܴ󷽵һֱˮ󷴶ˮеΣűֻܺٺЦ
ʲô˵
̨Цſˮ
ģ
ˮЦʵ
ˮԺǿ񣬲Ҳܲ³ʲô˵̫֡
ˮһˣϣ˵Ǿǿٹֵˡ
̨һ㶣СʲôҲ˵Ŀˮ˵Ȼɾûˡ
ˮһϽ˵ø磡
̨գ
治֪ʲôæ˵Сƺ
ˮ̽˵Ǻʲô
ô֪
̨տˮЦЦ˵
ǺˣѰɣ
ˮɫֱ˵
۾
̨һεû˵ʲô
ˮʱȻԹԵı۾
̨̽ˮоһζ˱У˼һ̨ܵѾԼ
𣡡
ˮߴеȴòˮģܿƵס⣬𡣡
ˣҿ˵ԣ𣿡
ᣡ
ˮ̨֪ô˵ʵûйŸô˵
̨յ˫ֵˮļ˵ֻһ߲룬ˮ۾ǰѩգ޴ˡ
ҺܿģھҺܽ
ˮʱĺܿģرĿġ
ҲоܽҲܿģҵʱܺ£¿ƲסԼԼڵ顣
̨˵
һҵȺܾãڿˡ
ˮЦˣ֮ǰʱѾ˵һУѰŮˣһѾʲôˡ
ʵѾͽˣûеףͻˣԺӦòһֱΪҵġ
̨һֱǳЦţ˵ĺܿġ
ʲôʱҶܷ㣬ԸΪ㵣ģǿһǻᵣ㡣
ˮҡҡͷ˵
㵣ңҺܿģϲΪҵģֻΪҵġ
Ļ̨տ˵ˮܼ˵ľƺˣһֲĿģƺԸɡ
Ұ㣬գ
ˮ˫΢΢
̨յ˫ıסˮĲӣĽ׿ˮļ򣬺ܰҲܰˮҲѵôĺһǵŮôıһûʲôаԼоԼˣһ̵̨ղƽʱô䡣


1669 ģ
˱˺ܾã˵ϵ۴ʱһ˺һŮ˱һ壬תʱˣȻһ˾ͻãã˺Ѱ١
ˮڷ·͸оԼҵԼһ룬һ˵оֵƺо̨Ҳĸо
̨֮ջƿˮŻĵ΢Ц
ǲ̫ˣҰɣ
ˮЦ˵
ʲô
̨ƺû仰
û㰡ʲôġ
̨ŤͷߣˮϽϣˮûֻһ˿˼̨֪ԼǰԽԽŵÿԽԽˡ
ȴûиоôûʲôУоУҡҡͷԼ뷨ֻһͣԼѾ
Ϲܿˣ֮ǰ˵ȥ׼ڿʲôҲû׼ˮЦЦǻȥɣöȥԵģһԺˡ
ֱӻȥصٺãͨûгأӦÿˣչأһıչΪͻĿǰľ磬ʱ䲻̫һЩŻչغܾá
忴̨պԵһ㶣ʶ΢Կ̨շ˺ܴı仯Цſˮֿ̨գս㣬ͻˡ
̨Цŵͷ
廹ǺܿĵģôǺϲ̨ǿģϾ̨ǿĺôҲǺܴġ
ӳɲѷɫ̨ܶ࣬ѾͻƣͻȻֵϹ껯ٴξȲѣϾѾǰ
ǰϹĻγûô󣬵˾һҲ֪ڵϹҲĴڡ
Ϲ궼ĴڣӳɲҲͻ²̨յʵûʡ
緹һԵģŮ٣ͨȴֻˮϹ꣬Ϲһ
̨յҲûбҪˮ˵̨յʵǴ̨ոߴħǨ
ǾˣħȫǨϾôˣǻǨһٰһ룬Ҫʱ䣬֮ǰҪѡλãȻһЩʲôĶҪǰŪá

ͨˣ۷ʵʵܴ󣬼ˮȻܿģˮһܱ
ͨ嶼ս񴫳ߣϧĿǰʵеҪһЩʱ䣬ǵĽŲҲı졣
Ҳкܶ໰Ҫ˵ģһֵ˱߳Աģʱ俼飬֮仹ǺܲģһжΪս񴫳еԭ
̨֪ͨպϹʱҲǾȺ;ϲһαչ̨ܶ࣬ȾͲ˺ܶࡣ
ˮһһչӶʵʥĺôֻʵҪʺ;ԼԵȣ԰ǰѵػŪøã١ٻ׳Źȥ
ˮڵĽչʵǲȻߵ˶ֵһֻȸҪģʱ䣬ߵ˶ֵһ
еȲֱӾҲˣʹ˽չûһͻҲˮ֮Уͻ˷оˡ
ͷѾһ޴ˣѾˮˣ궼һΡ
һ˵ʵҲǽչĺܴ󣬵ڵҪһ㣬Ҳʲôʵ˲٣еľӡ
ͨѾǺˣҲǾҲһ֮ңȻһǺܴģһǺȥûʲô¡

ƽжɹˮҲǲϵĴԼ壬ڤǿʵҲȹ̵С
ڻʵֲܿʵƣһӲ̫ɱҲڽɱ¾ƿߡ
˵ٶȾǾԵ˾Եٶȣʲô⡣
ΪսޣֻǱ˦ˣҲͷ˦ˣˮԽǱĻģ̤ʵֻʱ⡣
ΪˮһȱٵĴڣЩʱ˲䷭ƵĴڣʵҲס
ʵˮ˵˺;ͷѾ൱ֲˣ֮ϲ̨պͺϹͻƣӰ룬Լ˵ܿħҲǨ
һҶŮҲĴڣպҲˮôĵģˮߵҲһʼ
Ȼ֪߻в𣬵ʱҲ̫̣Ͼ鵽һḶ́ȻߵŮҲһŮˡ


1670 ڳ
ʱ׾Թ϶һξȥˡ
ʱ˵Ҳ̣мˮҲ˼μңÿȥΣʱˮٺǶɹġ
ΪĵľպħħѾᵽ˾Զĵطһѩأ̨պϲĵطħѡ
ħǨһˣüսȻˣܳһʱ䶼Ǻˮһ飬н̵ˡ
սüн̶ʵףرǻüҲ۷ǿߣˮ£ͻǺѣҪʱۻ
мˮѾ̨աһҶŮһںһ½أ໥Ӧ
ˮʱУʵû̫ӣȹʵжɹģŮͬҲǣȻʵǿŲ̊նĴڣɽҪܾõһʱȹ̡
۷壬ͨҲǣʵһζǰͺãҪۺϿҪӳԶڶǿߣ۹⻹еġ
ʱˮֻе˺;ͷޣûͻƣ޵ʵҲûдӡ
Щʱʱ̫ˣʮһЩֻһ˲䣬ߵʵޣ겻ʮ겻궼Ǻġ
ˮ׼뿪ӣͬʱˮһ뿪Ļ̨գħͻüһħ
Ϊոսӵڵźڰѵˣû뵽ڱʵڵֵסطͷϦ뵽ˮҾʵҲԶԶĳǣԱƲˮԮ
Σط˻ǺܺõģʼΪ˱ˮ̨ŮϾʱˮǲ˺ܶ࣬Ȼ֪ˮԺᳬԽǣϾֻһ롣
Ҳԭˮڵһܺõѣټ̨ŮˣʵڵĴڣ̨ҲǵȲǰȥ
ˮԤУһǰһٴ̤һľȦӣѰγ£вŻŻͻơ
һҶ輸ŮҲǺϤˣ½ϣܰȫͨҲǽȣ龳Ҳٮٮߣʵ㹻ˣʲôͻ飬ҲһҶǡ
Ҳˮ̨뿪ĵԵʣɫѾһֻ̤ڣʱпͻƣˮоɫһҪͻƵĿ졣
У
֮ˮгˣҲڤԻΣ״̬пԽԼʵչ󣬱У״̬ٶֱӼ
޻εҲ˵˼άͬѾ޽ӽˣһĴڣһʼǻ̬չ塣
ںܶ෽㣬ϾǰһֻǿҰһӵǻۣʵԿֲ
ĴڣŽµĺ޷ΪΣֻһ̶ȲָܻΣ״̬ս
ּˣεޣǻγ˾ˣǻδӵ˳ǿǻۣҪԼʵҪ̬
˫չĵգˮ̨Ե̫СˣˮûΪ˻λʲôڣѱ޺޵ĹϵǻεҲûйϵ
ڵٶѾﵽһ˼ĳ̶ȣڿлһӰǸһ㣬ּٵĸоرˬ
ˮھ͸оٶھݴ½ƺѾǿˣ̨յϹ꣬ϹͨˮʹãҲΪʲǫ̂մ󼸸ݵԭ
ٺǾ֮ҲǲڵĵٶֻҪʱ䣬֮ǰҪһµġ
õģҲôױԵġˮ̨պܵģȵ˵
ֻҪӦǲǵģȻǾ˵⡣̨ҡҡͷҲƽ˵
ˮγֻ֪ǰ̨գŮ˾ʱɺ侲ôױԻסġ
˵ٶȻٴߺܶ࣬˵֪Ǻֱܼӽٶʩչ졣
ʱ䣬ˮ̨վ͵ʱ֪ĺܼΪطˣԷƺûϸϾɱ
˵ٶȿֱֲӴڣˮڻǶԷŸϾɱһЩδ֪ػš
ˮ̨յĳ֣Ϧܿģϻǣ̨ڵʵ
ѾͷˮôѾͷҲˡ
ôˡ̨տﻹģˣˮҽŵùġ
û£ԷǣȻˡϦҡҡͷЦ˵
ˮҲûа취ˣ㲻ȰɡطȻˣǿͨһжڱͨҲǿ̫ˣܳŵĻطxͷϦ
˵ԷǾһĸܵΣˮ֪Է˭֪Է͵ʲôϵ
̣Էʲôͷˮһ߲鿴طһʵ
ԷħŵġϦ̾˵
ڡŶͬȷڣˮоħź͵ӦеĹϵʵħΪڳͷ˵ˣˮ²Ϊŵԭ
ˮûʣϦʱ˵ħŵһ֧˵ħһѪ
Էʲôʵ𣿡ˮĵġ
ֵıҺһﻹҪһ㣬Ȼûɱ֣˵ĺءϦ˵Щʱеλǿɬ
Ϊ˳ֵ˻ˣȻˮʵԷʵǿʵеࡣ
̲õģҺˣµģȻأԻָʱ䶯ǲˡˮȵ˵ʵϵɡ
ʵˮڻе㲻һٵʵһأǧʵ֪㲻һؾ硣
㲻õģµġʱ̨Ҳ˵
ףѾͷҲͻˡϦȵĿ̨գ֮ǰûע⣬Ҫֱڲŷ֡
ֻǷϦûз֣طxҲûз֣طѾûʵˡ
ˮڣҲǸоеټһȴûжߣ֮ǰ嵹ʮļҲһЩںûˣ»ˡ
Σյʱǻˣ֮ǰΪԲطң뿪ˣڼʱˣ˭еġ


1671 ħŵ
طҲǼ壬ȥѾʱܻʲôҶͻˡ
Ҳֻ˲İȻطҺû֮ǻҲֻǻĻھεС
طͷϦǻȿѹû˵ʲô֮ϣһһٶʲôˡ
ˮóطˣóһЩҩһЩҩҪҩˮЩɵĽţһĿǰľơ
ĿǰľԶڲطѾ޷սҪڶħһ֪ʵԳڱ
ȻˮﻹкܴĸоԼӦ̨պϹԼϦطx£ⶼʵ
ԼڤԲûһս֮һֱˮһֱƽ͡
ˮæЩʱѾСȥˣطѾˣڻָҪһεʱ䡣
Ȼ˷Ϧﻹ΢΢һȻǰľƲãǿ̹Ȼˮƺһ˵ǵƽƺǰҲܹȥһ
ָо֣Լ֪ΪʲôָоҲ֪һ㣬ˮʵǿ̨ҲǿһЩ
̨պͷϦط˵ˣطȥϢˣʣˮطxĸˣս߶ѾطҵʵֱӴ
֮ǰˮȣʵûб̫ϣΪ̫ˣοطҲûʸһֱطǷˮģһһŷǲˮȵģΪ˺пܰˮˡ
ˮʵĸҲìܣֻܰڶɹһ٣º㣬ʵһֱ㲻ҪҲ˵ʲôĻĺìܡطxЦ˵
⣬ʱҵң˵һˣʵܿĵġˮЦ˵
ڴʱ뵽ˣΣյʱҲǣһСӱ۸˻뵽ԼҴˣǸҲʵ
ˮ˵ģûʤ㣬¾һ㡣طxСĵһ䣬Ǿ仰
ˮЦˣ˵ʤܴ󣬲ȻҲġˮ˵һطxŵɡ
طx¶˿ĵЦݣεЦʵġ
ѾһտˣȫĿտˣֻʣˡطx˵βסʧ䡣
֣ʲôԼԼʵڻǿġˮطxļ
±ˮһ죬ûˣѾҲһգǵĸоҲһõĽ֡
ͻȻ˺ܶ࣬ÿ춼ڵϹһ飬һʱѽܣ޿ɱʱ򣬷оôĿ£һطx˵Цˡ
ˮ֪ǲĿˣһ㣬ԼĳӦһϣҪ֪֮ԭϣ֮ܲ˵Ѿϣ
ڶ죬ƽĶɹԷûж֣ԷôжˮҲѡ˲ط춼ҪʱָƣѾˣԵȴҲõķˡ
ˮڿԵȥԷƺѾûôȥʱгֻ޴ڵϿա
ط죬ˣҪͷڹˡ
һʵ֮ǰˮһѾվڵĹ㳡ϣټĹ㳡վˮˣطҲڣǼֵġ
ˮſе޵ϢߵϢִ󲿷ֵʵʵҲǧֻһǧٵһǧ˰ٵ¡
ѾˮϦޱˣȻЩ˿ܲħŵǿʵٿ֪Щ˵ʵУǺиǿģӦҲ࣬ʵҲ˴ŵˮ׼
˵߿䲻Ǻܴ󣬻˵ǲǺϣͷмڵķ˿ڰӳгһİԵ֮ࡣ
˴ۺϸüëȴǴü߿˵ĸо˵飬ȴϡ
طڻϺһͨ˲࣬˵û취Ѿ·磬˵粻˵
ط첻˵ȴٴ˵ǿӺͺأѡɱȵ˾֮žأ
ˮû˵ߵˣʮˣħǴֱʣʮ˶ߣȻʵв룬𺳡
ˣα˵ôϻС˵־طxŲǺԶ˵
ˮطx棬̨պͷϦ棬ˮֵġ
ҵˣϵʵѾˣڵ˵㣬ϧҪˣ֪㵽˾Ȫ֮£ô˽ζ˵
ˮ侮ʯߣ˾ϲھǰɫǿԷͶ·ʱɫˮ֪㲻㲻һһ̵ˡ
ʲô˭˭˵أ̫˰ɣطxߡ
ҪɱǵĻܻŶˣҵˣѵƾ⼸߿ˮԼ̨ա
Ҹᣬǰǿ˽ȻһҲûлˡˮʱ΢Ц˵
˿ݵˣ֪ƾʲôôĵһ뵽ԼħŵǿߣеһҲûˡ


1672 ʤ࣬Ʋɵ
һ᣿Բѣ·㲻ȥȴƫƫҪɣҿʲô߲м˵˵
ߵʵطxҪǿϲ٣ʵȽģ֮ǰкһеļ֧ɡ
Ҳһţڲ£û뵽ڱħţں͵ҪǿһεĴڡ
ˮ߲˳ۣطx˹ȥˮҲûֻǰʵ۷壬ھǲԷҲޡ
ʵطxıİѶɱ
һӣֱһѽѾԼľѪģǵ۵һ
ֱһطxȥһѩ׵Ľնն˹ȥϢһˣɫĿնĳǳ
طxڵǱޣڻˣо̳е̳ʵս൱ḻеһɫǹֱʹ̶
һʽ
ˮһμطxʽеĳǹһҴĶߣ׼ݷӵ˼¡
ԣ
߸ܵһ˿ľд֣˫Ҳе㲻ڣܿͻָˣһ̹̹ǰ֪Էʵ֪֪˷ܰսʤ
ߺţϴҲǺطx򵥽֣֪ʵֻͻȻô࣬ʵ⡣
طx˵Ҫȴı˫Ŀ֮żֱٴɱȥ
ˮһʱע˵ƣҪץסʱطxˣԸھ޴ģҲһ̶ϴ֡
ԡ
д޴ıײˮͷų˾ŹߵʵҪطx˺ܶ࣬еֻš
սһĻҾͻ⣬ǿߵѹҲǺܴһǲĺǲ롣
һˮֱӽ֮׷ȥ
߱ʹñɱŤתƵģϧʱʵȻ󽵣Ŷɱȫһֻܶܡ
һŷˣٶȾȻƽʱһ룬ֹֻ˲䣬ôһᣬطxһֱնߵļ򣬵ȴǴһߵĿǳ
һ
ˮǰطxкģһطxıɱȻǺɱģһٶȿ죬ʵȻҲƽʱǿ
ɱ
ˣĸɾһúܶ˶е㲻ţطxԼţȻĳɹˡ
ܶ˶ˮ֪һЩ֪ĺر棬طһȶ֪ˮǿ
ڵǻв٣ȥЩе죬ɱˣǵѹĺܴ
طxرֻͣһԵҲǿϣȻûдţҲ˻İǸһβԼܻصڣܻ
ƺϣºСȴǿˡ
ʱˮȴѸٵг˺;ͷ룬ΣѾ׼õطxԼ³ɱ˹ȥ
СڶԷ˹ȥ
ɱ
ֱʹǿľɱ״̬ͷҲǰ۷壬ֱһ޵ΧΧס
桢ڤ򡭡
˿ơ
Ҫ֪ڵĵ˺;ͷķǳֲԸõģˮֱӳɱȥ
һ
ĴԵɱ
ˮǲǣΪһԷʣµһҴһֱöԷ˵ȴһҡ
һˮĻƽսٴδһߵ
Σڱǿʵǰݣʱܱո
ɽսѹˣǶ˻ǵˣǿҲǣҲƣˮѾ׽Էȫѹˡ
ûгˮϣϾˮڵʵԷ߳٣Է˶࣬طxµİȫԲϧÿֻʹһεһʹ˳
ЧǺܲģڤģҪһ㣬Ͼʵе󣬾͵ϮҲôס
ֻһˮܿģ޼ӱƺɱٵĿǰûз޺ʲôʲôܰ˵ģ˶ûУֱĵǹ롣
ʱֻһᣬѾ˴ˣڻѾһһˣսһ浹ˮһԵã󲿷ֶɥˮϵġ
̨պͷϦҪչط죬һֱûг֣һʼ̨ջгϹģûгʵһʼ֪ˮƿأֻû뵽ƿصôɾ


1673 ҿƲס
սĿ죬ȥҲ죬һսûκκ֣ԷȫսϧûκЩƲˮķ
ҪǵĶԷڹǽ°Ŀסطxˡ
һ̱ϾһβСʤˮ֮⣬˶ôоģ˵϶ſĵЦݣĺܿģϾǾϣ
ˮ̨ЦͷǰЦˮҲǳƽŮѾôı䣬ȻǺޣһ˵Ůζ
û°ɣϦеˮΣҲһֹġ
ûµģǶܺãĸףζˮطxĵ˵
Ҷֻ֪ҪˮһսĲ˭ǿҵУϾˮڣҵʵԵõ޴ǲɹƵġ
ǴҵĳŽƺҲǺҪġˮЦ
ʵˮ˵ҲԣսƺʵԼϻֲжƿأʤǿȻ٣ȴǴڵġ
֮ǰսˮսʲôϣ󷨺;ŹҲˣŹڵǼӿģһЩĿȴǿԻĻָһܽʡһЩ
ˮľŹҲڲϵĽģڵľŹĿ꣬סĿھŹ֮Ǽǿֻˮһ֮䡣
ڵľŹǰҲ˺ܶ࣬ԽǿЧԽԡ
ڻкܶ˵ģʤǿĵĻһķ·ԼսʤЩһϾˮһˣҲʲô³ġ
طxΧڵ˵ҺóԺúȣһ£
û˷ԣϾھ޴ѹ֮ԽҪйһ£Ȼʤˣвûгȥܿͻиǿ֣߳ڵǲˣߵһ˭Ҳȥˡ
ˮһҲڿа˼ʢһˮطxԼ¶ϴһϾ֮ǰҲһս
һ˲ÿһҪֵܺһطxžƱˮ˵
˵ֵܣͲôȾơˮЦŶ
治֪ǵĹ˻ŮǡϦʱЦ˵
̣ʲô˲˵ģǴҵԵ֡
κ˵֮͸оԵ֣Ե˵ΪԵ֣ΪԵ֣Ͼãã˺Ϊʲô㡣
ϦҲѰŮˣȻܿˮˣһʼԼڳĶݣܵһΪԼ̨Ů
̨պܹ¶˭ŮģϦʺϣ⣬ˮҲףˮ˿ǲԷģҲһֱ޼̨ۣնһůġ
ϯ˲ʱǵڣˮǾԲӦ򶯣ȴħŵһν
˷طxȥϢˣϦطҲ뿪ˣһսһսյĽܶڶϧÿһ̵ʱ䡣
ˮ̨뿪һֱǷޣľٶûκβףôҶĽɾҲˡ
ˮ˵һħŵ˻ʲôʱ̨պˮߵǵСԺʱʵ
Բ⼸죬Ҫ¹ڵʵˡ
ˮɵ˵ƺûаһˮģڴҶϣŵϣٲ򶨵Ļ˸ˡ
οˮڶԼʵеĵģһǿֲĴڣο˽ƺԼҲǺֲܿ
Լ󷨣ս⻷ȣǶԷʵԼǿһҲûйϵԷǿߣرǺǿ߾ûмϾ֮ǰǰЩѾй¶˺ܶණ
֮ǰЩʧȻħŴԪҲܵ˲С˺ڶϱۣҲǶ˰ֻ֡
Զƺʲô¡̨΢Ц˵ϲţ˰ȫĸо޿ȡ
˭˵ģҺ㡣ˮЦ˵
ңʲôµġ̨ղ˼˵
ö࣬һûпסԼ᲻ɱҡˮٺЦ
һ֮̽ڵĹϵѾô̽ˣ̨յԸǲκαʾģֻԼˡ
ʲǫ̂ûЦˮʵ峺޾֮£ֻӱܣǲһԱ
ʵһֱ㣬һֱţ¿Ʋסˮˣ˵ǲģҲǻᡣ


1674 ħǿ
̨ջǸо˵󣬵ҲϸҪԼûе˵оˮ档
˵Ѿͷˣûšˮеŵ˵
̨һ㶣ѾͷƺЦе˵ůѵõЦЦлл
̨պܴȻˮ˼֪һֱڹԼĸܣȻһֱСģһֱؾأһĵôߣжϣûһͻأж
Ҫôһʼɵģˮʾ㹻غϧµ̨ʲôӰһֱڵȣڵ̨յɶһЩʾ
̨յԸǺһģˮ봴죬ѣȻôʱһֱûʲôжϵĽѾˣΪɽı仯ܴܴˡ
ˮһ㶣Լ˵ҪллԼĿ
̨տˮɫѵõס֣ˮܼˮȵ̨ѵˮһˮһ¡
𣿡̨е˵
ˮûعǰı仯ˣı仯ˮֳϣٺЦ⣡
쵰ôߡ̨߼
ˮ֪ƤԼŮҲҪʱ䣬æס⣬ĺ⣬Ϊһ컹Ҫһء
ҵħŻǿ֣߳˵ǻ᲻£̨ջһתƽ˵
СԺǵĿ̨ոˮ˱裬˵
úȡˮһЦ
ƭ˲Ůɣ̨ҲЦˮ֮ûʲôңҲͺˮ֮䡣
̨ʳĻǾ޴Ľˣˮ뵽֮ǰԼһ£Ѿ˵˺ܶˣЦҡҡͷҴӲƭҵŮˡ
ˮ˵ʱ̨գ峺ȴȣ̨еţ΢΢ͷҿɲŮˡ
һֱҵŮˣⱲǱҵӿˮ°ͰԵ˵
̨һǿƵŮˣҲǸŮˣһе٬°ͻǵһΣȻеĻţһ˵ĸоӿ죬¹ײ
ˮʵҲеƣʱ׼һͷ֣ȴû뵽ǿƴŮһ̾ȻһСŮˡ
Ǳ̨մ֣ˮȴǿĵЦˣЦĺܴҲܺţһ˵ˬ
ЦԽԽˡ̨˵ʵûеңоԼˣоԼƺˣһ˲ƺһֱôʵգˡ
ˮֹסЦߵ̨ǰΪ̨ŵģˮǰ˫ַϣ̧ͷûзִСرŮˡ
㻹ûˡ̨ÿԼϵ˫˵һֱӻ˷䡣
ˮû׷ЦſžӰʧĳİػһҲҪħŵס
ȥˣطƻָһЩֻսǲ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ˺ܶ࣬Ͼ˵ĺأɲܺˣҲָһЩġ
ʵطˮʲô˶κãϾҲû֮ǰôأֻһǻȫˣû뵽ҽΡ
ħٴγˣһֻˣȴǵصƣˮһʱͳϿգƺڵȶԷһ
ˮüͷĺڤҲߣˣˮֱûˮ׼󷨣˭ǲҲѡ
ˮԼ󷨻Ǻŵġ
ˣû뵽ȻĴڣˣҺܣɱ㣬ǸоܿϧмһӲʣ뷢԰׵˵
˵вɣУܴ˵Ҳһֻ֮˵ϣЦ
ˮٴμ˱ԼǿˣһˮоֻǿٵһЩֻмˮɲĸо˵ˮҲǻڡ
ܾˣˮܾûѹˣţ˷ܣǰˣ֪ħŵʲôݣԲͣˮӿǺ˵ıиǿĴڣĻˮоûжԸ
ÿϧΪɱҡˮʱѾƽŶˡ
㣬Ҳǿֻ㣬㻹Ҫʱ䣬ϧҲܸʱ䡣˺棬Щʵ뷨


1675 ǿ֮ս
ûиоԼ̫𣿡
ˮŶ棬ս߰ϲսҲй˼ɵģÿֻҪžͲ׿һС
Ųһ֪ˣְɣȻֵĻᶼûС
˻óһѾ޴ɫ
նħ
ˮ֪֮ǰ˵ĻвųһЩսأҲһָʩѹķˮڱԷļ仰סóƽսꪡ
̨յʵҲܽţر̨գߵϹȥˮˮ֮ǰѾ£ϹҪߣԷһͻ䣬ϹķֲޱȣԱҪʱǿԵֵһЩġ
˵ˮѾΧУ̨յҲǳˮУ󷨴ʦǿԽ֮Ⲽġ
ƣս⣬Źս⻷
ˮڤԼʵҲͻȻȵĺֲܿƾŶԼǿķţˮֱӳ˹ȥ
ڿеľˮڤˣԷҲˡ
ˮֵʱҲǸжһӨ˿Ȼұߵһ߲ȥ
ˮģڤʵǿǿĻǷǶ˺ļöġ
ˮҪľǲסмˣֻܽսסôⳡսʤͻԼĿ
ԽǸսԽգ˵սһ߼жǳڸսʱ
ʽ
ˮʩչʽʽһ壬һֵȻľ裬ǶôϬǶôĴȴӰԵĻɡ
ʱˮڹʽʶҲԽԽʽĸҪܸߣʶԽǿʽԽǿҪģȻʵҲǱزȱٵġ
ˮٶȺܿ죬һйʽȻٴ֮ǰֱʶһ׷ʹ˳
ԣ
ٶȾصˮӰˣ˺ĹˮϵĻڶԷǿ
ӰûжȴԾޱȣΪ֮ǰԼһЩ仯Ϊ仯ͻȻԣѾ˾޴ĲӦ
еնħһӣһһϢƣˮԶҲܸоԷٶȲָˣ֮ǰҪһ㡣
ˮΣ֮ǰһȻûܵʲô˺ҲоѾĻָ˺ܶࡣ
һûٵȴеնħһɭĺӰʧԭء
˿ʧˮȴǿԿ˻ӵһһ߷ΪоŹ򣬾ŹھŹ֮λףܵ˾޴ѹơ
ˮԿ˵ĶʹˣɸоٶȿĲ˼顣
֮
ˮԥֱû֮סˣ͵һ˵ʵ½ɣָоøͻܵѪ
֮еʵٶȣһУƵʱˮˣеĻƽս͵ش̳
Ȼ£˻ӰһΣ΢ɲıܿˮĹնħŻƽսˮնȥ
ԣ
ˮϵǰȭеһ־ֱӽ˵նħ΢΢һ㣬һպÿǿһ
ôһӵĽսˮоȫѪҺ·𱻵ȼһĸоûк£֮ǰԾԾԵĸоԽǿ
ɽ
ˮʶһɽХȥͬʱˮҲ˹ȥʽ󿪴ϣ಻һһ·Զʩչһ
һʼҲǴŵˮ뷨ûһ֪ԼˣŹ˺ܶ࣬ˮָһ㣬ǲܵģڳ־սž޴á
նһ
˽ɽ֮еնħɢһɰɫĹâӨһ־޵ɫѪζѹΧǧ
ˮüͷǰѾ޴նħ·һϬħɵϢë׶սˡ
ʽ˷ˣ
ˮҵеĻƽսꪻعӵĻƽսһҲɢҫ۵Ľ⣬һС̫һ
ˮϳһŽɫĹΣ紩Žɫսһ
ƽս
ͻƽս񴫳ѾȫںˣˮĽ
ɽһϢصɢȥеĻƽսˮĶѸٵתһȦɫĹУԽԽӿȥ
䡭
дһı䣬ĹӣԶɽ嶼˲飬ըʯ
ֹͣʱˮֲȥǵѪƺûʲô仯˫ۿˮޱȵء


1676 ˲ת
ˮȻһЩˣﻹǺܿĵģϾһνҲһЩֻҪԼվסţʤͺ˵
ˮǿسϱҲûȥȵչڤǿԸ벻СİοǱսҲǺȶϵʤ֮䡣
⣬⣬ħҲǰˣȻʹնһû㡣
˿ˮЦֲЦ˵
ˮڻǲ֪ǲħŵʵħҲʵȨ㲻ӦҲѷɫʲô
ܶɡһ㲢ȨˣһЩش黹ҪһЩ漶鲻ǹغǿġ
滹гϻᡢ̫ϳϻʲôģȻûȨ󣬵ںܶǿҵľġ
ܶһǿ֮ͻãʧȥ򲻿ƣѭƶб֪ô
ˮѾָ˵
ֵʱɫеأֶȴʵĴڣѭҲǴڵģȻеģƶбʵϵ;׼ȷˣ£Ķˣѵʱ˰ļʾԻһֱˡ
ˮ˵ħǶΥ飬Υھǿߵ粻ʲôˣһͻ˱ѹ
Сӣǵжԣ޹أ֮ǰµû뵽ѭ˳Ӧÿ˶ҪΪ鸺˵أ
ҡҡͷѾָƽ
£ƶ֣֮ƶһ䣬ְɣ̸ƶҺͿ˼ң˵һвҪôΪɱ練ơ
ˮ˫ֱסˡ

ȴǴЦ
ˮƽĿˣôЦ﷭֪߲ʲôǰҪＫط
ˮ˵궯ˣӰһɫӰߡ
ǻƽսһӰ
һ
ˮԻƽսꪴǿһ֮ǰΪֱͫһĺʵһ
ն
һҲ˵ֵȫһֱӴ
ԣ
޴;ֱӲȥҫ۵Ľ䣬ˮ˵ɳȥֻˮɳȥ˲ٴγ˹ȥ
ף
ҫ۵ĽˮĽףˮǿķǱԷʵƵһߣϾ˵ȫһ
һеһͱˮǿεĹӿֲֻû뵽ˮб
ÿԶһһ񼼣ӵ˾Ƿëǣˮ˾ûôˡ
һлһȴǱ񵲣ʱˮǿĹУ³Ǳҵġ
Ҫ֪ˮһҲǿޱȵģĻҲܳܣο˵ʱ
һģȴƾŷḻľ飬㿪һϧѾ޲ΪˮһֱӺļ򣬺ľ
˸ʵ纣ˮһȥõȥˮҲһ㶣Ϊֻƽս꪿һļʽԷƻ׵ƻ
ˮھ˻һ룬絤ﾭҩʦҽʦھǿҽʦҩʦҲ޲ߡ
ڵ龰ǰľ֢ûʲô˵ʵҪһͨһɹԸ
ߣѲʲôֻҪʵһжпܣûʵָϣûУôҲûϣ
ˮңʵѾʧˮûҪҽΣ֣ͬԵ˵ʴȾ
ʱ䲻ֻ֮ˮ׶ˣûףпͬھ³ΪˮķӻãûУ¹˭˵
ڤսȻ죬ϧߵĽѾӰ쵽ǱߣѾľѣΪ˰Ǹ˵ôǵ˾Ѿעˡ
սɷģλ֪ϧ벻̸ףһ򵥵ұߵֱӱһסӣֱӱһӣȻѾ޿ɸı䡣
ԽǿˮԽǷĴˮǿ˵һΣҲ˵սʱȽ϶̵һս˵ǳ̡
ŭն
ʱһֱſеڤնȥ
ˮǺܵģΪڤķǺܷģٿȷᱻˡ


1677 黹û
ԡ
һıӿ죬ϧڤ˵ҲֻöԷյһЩ΢ѣڤĿǿ΢㣬ھ״̬»Ǻܲġ
սĽѾעˣսѾˣˮûκһ˵Լ˶ԼǱˮ
ħһǿߣ֮ǰģѾ˺ܶˣħѾֹ˽ˣ˵Ѿٵһֻ۰һ㡣
һεսطxµ˶ûг֣ˮʱ򿴵ôɫЦˣ̣ǳŹȥˡ
ϦʱĿѾǲˣˮļû˵ֻطͺҲǡ
Ϊ֪ʱ˵лл̫ˣһллܱˣԻ粻˵
̨ǿĵЦſˮ᣺û˰ɣ
ˮǰס̨գҿˣɾҲˣ϶ǹЦ⣬ǴϣҸҸ
ôܣǿ׳ġ
ˮЦ
̨պˮһʱ䳤ˣ֪Ļһ壬ʱ򷴶ģ˵û¡
֪ҵķôһֱǿ
̨պЦ˵
ҿɲģԹԣϹ
ˮЦ˵
ˮŮѾܶ඼֪ƺˣ֪Ϲʲô˼ˮ߹ĵط٣ƺȴûУϹУҲǸ˼
ŲҴ㡣
̨յ˵
ףˣô鷳һºˡ
ˮڵ顣
ˣǶڣ
̨˵
Сһ˵ˮһЦˣ˵˺ӣһҪ㱧Сӵӣһ
̨һȻƿˮɫе죬ݺݵĵˮһۣ˼ߵϦߡ
ǲ۸ˣ
ϦЦ̨˵
ҿɲ۸̣ǴȻȥɡ
ˮ飬ϾվܾˣֳѾ˿ʼʰˡ
ȻûϦѾΧ˰֣ʾɢһսڵҲʿģģ֮ǰ˺ܴľȴôµģΪڵµĲٷһٷ־ʮŵĶѾ뿪ˡ
ĻвٵģϾټڻв˵ģٷ֮һҲһǺĵӣԺǺеĺĵˡ
ҪϣûϣͻϣǷ·̫綼һЩ
춼ֿĵħһǰѾˣˮ²ҲôѾħűˡ
ˮϴһҲʱ䣬һԸһû˵ʲôħŵ飬絥ĳԷһΪֻˮԼ飬˲ǸʵȻǸʵͲҪ˵ˡ
һٷԵĺܿ죬ˮ̨վ˸뿪ʱԽԽΪ˭Ҳ֪ᷢʲô飬ʱˮȡģʱ伫֪ˮ̨ڲϲ˴š
Ӧûû꣬ˮҺܵġ
̨պˮ߻ǵСԺ˵
ˮǣ裬ҡҡͷҪġ
ģܲ㡣
̨û˵
֮ǰǸ˵ʵħŵǰ֪ǲǵһǵһħһǿߣһ
ˮ˵
ħʧҲǲˣôʧǻԸ𣿡
̨ҡҡͷͬ˵
ӱʮ겻Щ˲Ǿӣǧ˰ҲҲ⣬ǻˣԽԽǲҶģΪ˾ʲôҲûˣоأ
ˮЦ˵
̨һ㶣뵽Լ廢ڣԼôˣȻ֪˺廢йϵȥѰ·ȥǲǵģ˵Ѿһǣҡ
һֱ˵ǲǻ᲻Ǩŭ˸ǡ
ǲɵӣһǻˣرûа£նݳǿԵģбҪʱҲǲɵȥƽġ
ˮаյ˵
Ҳǣ˵ǲǿ뿪ˡ
̨Ц˵
ЦѾܶˣʱĿԿ綬⣬ů˲ЦݣֻЦֻˮֻкˮһʱŻЦʵЦǡ
ˮеճյĿǽ˫գṵ̂ȴ纣˼ǣ̨ձеĻš


1678 ĸ
ɫˮڸţûڹֵıȻˮûйֵıֻһĿļܱ
Ȼǲ²ԷӦöʱ䲻ҲҪͣһЩʱ䡣
ˮЦ˵
ţҲôġ
ôȥˣ
ˮ߱ʡ
ﶼһʵûʲôطرģﲻħҲٺҲһ
̨ЦſԶ
һĿһ˿˵įβסģȻǰ˺ܶ࣬˿ɫ˵ۣϧĽ§ڻ
ǲǺܿ
̨ƺܵˮʵ
ûܿ㣬˭䣬ֻеۣǰ£һҵػ㣬һεץס㣬գӦңʲôʱ򶼲Ҫ뿪ңʲôһԣòã
ˮʵоһ˿˵˼·˵׼ʲôʱͻʧһܵġ
𣿡
̨̧ͷˮ
ģĻ档
ˮ˵
ͣ
̨ЦµĺˮϣģģˮŮǰûκεĵֵһٵʧ̬
ͷˣ궼㹴ˣͷɣ
ˮع˵˫ֽıڻ
˼ҵںңǸɵϡ
̨նͷˮĶͷ˵ܸܵˮ顣
ˮıǼ̨յıǼһˮеԳƽѵõƽرϧУϵĵĺλĽ˹ȥ
Ҫ֪˵ͱһľ룬չȥٶȺʵϾڸ̨նܵʱ䡣
ڴҪܡ
ĸоʱҲ΢΢۾ȥǵĺ棬ϸ塭
ˮëһƺſˣϺϵĳ嶼ˣѪҺѸٵת
̨úֻ֪ܽҧݣֲֻ֪ǽ۵Ķ䶼˿ɰķۺɫ
ˮĽ۵Ĵ˱ҧҲͷѩױⱴһϻ˫ĸȴǲԽ׳һ
ˮܸоŮ˵Ѿ˱ԵԲʲôҵķӦֻǰóȻ
ˮƿԴ
ͷ𣿡̨Ǿ欵ĽϺϼֲȴеĵ˵ġ
ˮֱж˵֮һ˲ٴȥͷ˽ȥ׷Ƿ۵Ļ塭
̨֮΢΢Ϣƿˮϲбˮһۣôߵļһ
ҵŮˣҳҵŮˣôء
ˮƤЦ˵
ˮܵǵƣǵʲôʱָܻ
̨΢΢ҡҡͷ⡣
һ£Ҫһ¡
Ǿסһ£˵òã
Ȼã˵ʲôã
ӺƽˮҲȻûк̨ͻһϵڲһ
Ȼһμʱʲôˣһ⣬ǶʮȥˣˮŮʵֻһŮѡ
طѾϺˣҪȫˣҪһЩʱڻѾûʲôˡ
һµʱ仹Ǻܿģˮоһĺܺą֮̃ȷϵһ£ϵһͻƣĽӴֻǶѡ
ˮûٽһȻʲôʥо̨ϻһЩԣܺ͵һμͷйϵ֪ԼҪʱ䣬ҪһĴ򿪣ˮһ㡣
һºˮߵʱһŽط죬ħŵǰ԰Žǡ
ˮʵ޷öԷ֪ԼĴڣһû˵֮ǰԼĲ²Ͷˣǿóġ
Ѿͷˮ·ҪСġϦ˵
ҲҪأʱ㡣̨ŷϦ˵
طǻкܶڵ˽ˮ̨͵ԶԶһֱˮ̨յӰӲͣ
ط̾ߵķϦطxˣһдԼһûˮʲôҲûˣԼһһΣһθǾڡ
֪Լһ޷ˣȻ޷ҲͲôǸˣϦҲǣ̨֪յҲ֪Լʲôﲻǻˮ̨յļңҲһԼҪ


1679 صպ򡢴½
ˮ̨̤˷ص·ֻ̣˵ﲢǶôĸɾΪħŵ鲢ˣû꣬ʱпٴθȼ
ˮҲǺ֮ܶ࣬ǰ廢ڣֶһħţⶼӵĴڣУ⣬ǻԵġ
صٺȻһ֣ħѾǨƹˮд㣬һѾǰˣʱӦûʲô飬ȥպȥһ
ˮ̨һħ˿ͻüսڣһжƽȵĶɹ˼صá
ˮͣܶٺס˼죬ͨʵҲڸͻУֻͻƵҪһЩʱ䣬Ҫһ
Ͼһδ뿪ʱҲˣ˵һʮʮ궼Ǻ̵ܶʱ䣬Щʱڣһ¶ǺܹؼǷ仯ʱ
ˮֱӳѨУѾŮӦѾЩû˰ɡ
ϤĵطˮůˮһҪĵطһ㣬ˮٶݵһط
һһȾе鶯֮ôĻ񣬿ΧŮڣӦ˵Ůڶһյ
뵽Ůͬ˻жʵмֻǿޣҲһģϾŮǺܷĵģֻҪȥûκεǡ
ͣһᣬˮպȥպһ룬ˮٶҲǶ첻һ·̡
ˮݣ
ˮˮѸٵǰţպѾԽԽˣԽǿԽе㼤
֪ݼһҶ裬ŮѾӣŮˣˮϵպʱѾǵڶˡ
Ȼ뿪ôʱ䣬պػػƣԲ½ȥû뵽Щ֪Ĵڣǹк
иµĽӦˮͨλ
ˮˣŮǿģܿͳˮǰɣλ˴ԼľˣˮֻһҶһˡ
ˣ
һҶߵˮǰЦ˵ʳ̻Ϣһ˿һ顣
ˮǰıסǷޣһҶΪյڵԭ򣬻е㲻Ȼ
΢ЦſӵŵˣյҲ΢ЦţֻϸĻῴеһ˿ʧ䡣
ˣ
ˮЦ˵
һҶɫе죬˵Ҳ㣡
ӵһᣬһҶƿˮʱźŮк
ˮкʱǷյɫеһ˿ʧ䣬ˮ֪ŮϲԼ֮ǰѾһ˵ֻڻΪһҶԭ򣬲ûǰǰͱסˮˣ֮ǰҲй
һҶЦЦʵʲôҲףҲյԼ˵˼ˮߵŮ˲ֹһԲĸܣ˵˾ǶҲ࣬Ҳ١
ȻһҶֻɵǿЦһ˵ܿյϲˮģʱͬãԿյҲ⣬ͰԼ뷨˵ôǿԼˡ
һҶ貢ǲںˮ߶ŮˣȻҲϣˮֻϲԼһˣЩҲֻ룬οڿˣҲãϲһֱһֱߣҲܺãҪ
ˮŮһصˮΧϴ뿪ʱûʲô仯
ʱûзʲôɣ
ˮûʲô仯Ҳܲµ
ûУһΣоʱȥˣˮ˵ȥȥ
һҶ˵
ȥ𣿡
ŮǿߣʱʶҲӣʵȹ̣Ѿûսսĵطзչоѹѹжʲôʱ
һ¸оӦȥﲻֹǣ˶̫ˣ̫˲Ǻ¡
յʱ򻺻˵
ˮЦˣλҪ׼һȥһͻƿڣһĺʧܵġ
ģ
Ůû뵽ˮΪ˺һȥʵŮҲš
ˮͷҸоʹ½ǽڵģֻܺںдһȱڿ
ˮʵ˫£½ڣպǸȿһЩڻȷ


1680 Ųɾ
û뵽ôãˮʲô˶£
յĵ˵
ȻʲôҲû˵Ҳ߱յ˵ĻҲҪ˵ĻˮЦЦʱ˵һ˿㻹еġ
ȻҪȥҲҪиŵ˽⣬äĿֱӹȥ
ˮЦ˵һ䡣
ţʱ䵹ҲȥΣҲһЩϢұҲɢ˵ҪҪȥš
һҶ˵
ˮû˵һ˵ǱǱߵģѾʵһҲǿʵǸλӦû
ǵ˵᲻˽£
ƺһʡ
ҪΪͷҲᵽڻ˵Ƿⷢûֱ𱱺Ҫǿƣ᲻⡣
ˮоӴֻǱƺڱ֮ϵĸо
ɣʵҸоֻûбִյЦ˵뷨Ǻˮࡣ
Ȼǿˣ⼸ͰȥǱʰһ¡ˮϲţ⼸ҲȥǱ߿
ˮصһҶķ䣬ǷޣǺ飬һˮһѱסǰ촽
һҶѵõĻӦˮʳ̻ƺմ֮ǸˣǸӵˣֻ֮ǰûǵˣҲһСŮˣһ뱻谮СŮˡ
̹̫ܿûС⡱ˮƺЩȲľͽϷȼͦһ֮ʴǵĸо˶
ѩ޳糣һĲˮϣ룬޳һĨΣ΢ĴϢ̼ˮϵĳ̡
һֱʱ򷿼вͣЪʱһҶǿʵҲĲ붯һ£ˮｿ
Ųʳ̻ȴŻ֮ĳĽޣеǷǧѻģǶһ޶ġ
ˮַԼٴδλãһҶһıסٶ˵̰ļһҳܲסˡ
׵һ˿Ĵԣ˵κ˶Ϊ֮Ļˮһıסһһ˿ĸойӡ
ž
һƺҪΪһ壬ˮˣΪһʶƺըˣΥϤоٴγ֡
һҶҲֵĿˮΪҲ˾޴ı仯ʵܶ࣬һ˲䣬ʵ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ˺ܶ࣬ƺʶȶһ˿΢ı仯ܺڻܵĽӴйϵ
ˮڲÿҲ֪ʲô飬һֱڴȴ޷׽顣
ɾˣȻˮûпҲ֪ɾˣܸܵԼľǿһʶҲ˾޴ı仯
Ųɾżɾ
ˮʶһɾˮһֱڴɾЩȥɾƺ治Ǻʵʱ䡣
ͷһҶӣˮٴʲôˣ֮ǰһ꣬ȻҲ𴲵ʱˡ
һҹ貢ûʲôʵȻܾȣҲǵһΣûʣžǳˮųʱֱӽɾ
һȥˮЦˣΪڵɾ֮ǰֻһֿܣɾˡ
ʵ֮ǰˮѾ϶ˣۿȷżˣʶһɾһɾԺϿȷͣˡ
ˮغСڵĴСС˼ɾҲСֱˮŸоɾĿտ
еޱȣڵһ벻ֹľ޴ͩڱôĲۣ޴ҲС
ڵɾĺгһڣһֻ޴ĺڹ֡
߹꣡
ƺˮкһһ³˺ףʱĻһЩ࣬ƽҩ꣬Ѿǲϰ
ˮźߵʯȥʯа֮ߣҲɾı仯仯˳ʯһֱϿȥ
ǰ£ȴϿһ㡢㡭
ɾŲ㣬ѿ
⼸ˮԾЦˣϹǿѾ뵽˾죬Ҳϵ߼ֹֻһӦǰ˵Ӧúѣ˵ģˮڶûƾ죬ֻҪ۷߼ҲˣӦվ۷֮С


1681 ʵ뱱
һεɾʵˮ̫ˣֻоһҶ֮һ˿ʶײͻȻںըžǸܵɾı仯
ˮŹڵھŲɾĽܣʮɾʮɾʱԭĻٴһ
ˮĿǲ˵ˣʱȻֻȹȥһΪʮԭȷ˵ʵҪǿܶࡣ
ˮ¿תһ꣬ǧ꿪ǧǧ죬ҩϡ
ˮ־Ͳɵ뵽ת굤һֱǴ˵еҩˮҲ֪ˣҩҲƵģʱƺ֮ڣˣɵҩҲûˡ
оʹ־֮ҩҪͷãȻҲûа취ʹá
˵ļƷϣӦǿƾתģֻϹѾܾûҩˣ뿿ɾҩƺ̫ףʱˮ뵽ԬգԺܰﵽԼȻֻܿԵǲǿԵõҩˡ
ƽʮβʳÿҩЧǿǡ
ǧ㡢֮һꡣ
ɾڵһҩǧҩ֮Ч
ɾ޵еʵ

ˮЩرĿģһɾЩֲǺ£һֱڴ顣
һεͻĺôǾˮʵ˾޴ı仯Լ޵ȶ
ֱӵӣĸһ£֮ǰһ޴ͻơ
֮ǰˮǿҲԺǷǿ󣬾һͬʱӵľķΪס޵ڿϴﵽһ˼ĵز
ڵˮŸоԼĿֲȻԼеһЩǿ˺ܶܶ࣬֮ǰһһ˺Ѿ൱Ŀֲˡ
ˮĸܵԼı仯ֳţʶеĲӿƺ̺
뵽ϾҪǰ뵽պҪǨоӵˣո˵Ǻġ
ˮŮһԵķյ費ʱĻῴˮͻƻһЩ΢ı仯ǰ˵˾㣬оʵ˾ھƫǿһ㡣
յ費ῴˮҲῴһҶ裬ΪǷһҶı仯ҲģˮƤûʲôоһҶ뵽컵龰Щ顣
ŮȻδ£ֻ˼ǷޣһҶڵɫʲôҲˣյЦ˵쿴رľ񡣡
Ҹоһֱܾ񡣡
ˮЦ˵
ˣԷ극£ô򱱺Ǩơ
һҶæ˵ڵʵǶôɬ֮ǽãԾ٩ҲǶôĺߡ
Һͽȥ֯һ¿ǨƣΣ
ˮ극Ů˵
ãʵѾ֯ˣʱǨƣЩʵס
յı˵
Ҳͷ
ˮһҶűȥˮǵһν뱱ϴǸԶŻƽϺһڣֻǵԼ֪ĸġ
ǧһڵʵԺǿӦñ𱱺ҲѷɫʲôӦҲǱĶ֮һ
ӱ뱱ܼ򵥣½ûʲôرˮˮݣһҶ͸˵ˣõŮһǿߵĴУˮľͨˮ
պڱ򵽱֮Ľ㴦˵ڱһڣֻˮеһڣֻҪ㶯͵˱
֮ǰλþ򲢲ǺԶǾһǿϧպˣպ뱱򲻻ܵ˿谭
һĺܺãɽˮʯһλúܴ󣬸ˮҲãֻѾȥ¥ˡ
ʱˮһҶѾϹڣʱǿԸϺԶľˡ
λòˮҲ
ˮЦű߿һҶ˵ˮڷˮҲйһЩоȻǶ̫࣬Ҳ֪һʲôɽˮʲôѨʲôλʣȣЩȻƺеţÿѧĽǶǴųãǰУһУΪ֣һЩҲźܴӰ죬ʱҲ漰ˮ⡣
Ǿ;ǨˣҲҪġ
һҶӵ
˵˵ǲʲôҰİôż֮С
ˮЦе˵


1682 һҶ
ǻûʲôҰģȥһֱͦû˼ġ
һҶЦ˵
ˮһҶĻҲЦˣǰһҶǲ˵ĻӦɵһļѾˣѾԼŮˣˮоܰһˡ
ֻû뵽ܰһʳ̻Ϣû뵽һɣˮȴǺܿģΪһҶҲǱĬĸı䡣
Щʱ䣬ʱ䣬ˮ뿪ʱ䣬һҶؼΣÿζǹʱҴһȥһΣʱ䶼պ
֮һԶŻƽϺһڵߣ֪ʲôģܲµ𣿡
ˮʵ
ӵеԶŻƽϺڵҲôԨѨ̶ĸȽǿʵǱǿļ
һҶЦ˵ڶԱҲһЩʶ
ˮӵػ֮ڣԷڵʵƺرǿˮоӦ֮ǰһҶᵽĸʵ֮һ
ǱĻˮеЦˣԼȻͱûʲôڣڱԭԼԺѺͶԷΪѡ
ԼڵպӦûöԷԸԼҲǾԵģοһεɾżˮҲԽˣڱˣҲǶôĵģԼӦһս֮
ԶһεǨˮ˻պĲΪҲ£˵֮ǰıҲǿڣܰѱ˵Ĵ˭붯ҲҪȵԼ
պȫᵽѾһºˣˮеһ˶֮ڰģڵպѾǽȣŮʵ˵ˮػԼ֮ǰյͺһЩڣͶ߼ͶԼ˲ʵ
ڰᵽ˱λãһҲǰĴڣպߵǵ͵·ߣҲ¡
뱱֮ˮֹĻǺƽһˮܿģһҶȻʱУˮһҶϢǿһ˼ܸܵ
һλһҶһѾһ¶ˣһˮе⣬֮ǰһҶһʱ䲻࣬Ҳ϶Щʱ䣬鼱Ҳ˳ڵ׼ֻû뵽һôȻˡ
ˮĻϲһҶиӣ̨գֻĄ֮̊́仹ҪһЩʱ䣬ˮоҪӵľ̨գ˺ľͲôĹ¶
ˮŴʱе㷢ľˣˮոеϢʵҲܵˣֻڵõˮȷϡ
ôǲǲģ
ˮЦʵʵˮ֪һҶǿĵġ
ûУҾǸо̫ͻȻˡ
һҶ迴ˮЦˣϳҸ΢Ц
ʲôͻȻģһôãûٰ죬Ҳˡ
ˮٺЦʵ뻳ĲôףߵıʵԽǿԽ󣬻Ͼͺˡ
ȻǾԵģֻǼʺܵͺܵͣǻᴫܶǿӵϢͣǺܿĵ顣
ˮޱǿʵѾǿˣļʻǺܸߺܸˡ
һҶˮһ£ôåûС
ŮˣôåأϲŮǶӣ
ˮЦ˵
ϲǵĺӡ
һҶʱϵЦ˼ʥζ
һĵ飬ʱŮˣ֮ǰһЩ̸֪һҶ軳֮Ǻܿģףһ¡
Ȼǰ磬ҲǼˣˮ³յһҶ˵ŮҪæģˮûãˮܿ죬̫򵥵ġ
ϯʱյʧΣʱ䶼ʧʱܻῴˮҲһҶ裬ʵڳ˶ܵյˮ⣬ֻ鶼˵ʲôҪˮ֮Եˡ
˶ˮڵָоǿңûŮϲɱŮ˶ҲһָرѾʮһҶˣĵǲ˭ˣо̰ᣬоԲŮˡ
ǸĵӣպڱǴҶãһһ
ˮЦ˵
нУǴ£ҿǺڴӵģΣʱҪ
յ˵
ǽ㣬ôϲӣͶ
ЦŴȤ


1683 
յһӺ쵽˲ӴɫˮһۣƽʱЦϰˣǱѩʲôҲܲµһЩ
ôЦҲĿĵģΪҲ͵͵ĿˮķӦʱˮȴǴЦû˵
ϴˮյҲ˵˲٣軹յ֮ʵѾе㲻岻׵ˣʱ򲻹ܳǵ˵ʲô
ˮҲرı̨գһҶ裬ȣ˵ˮһֱһֱ׷
յҲ˿ѷɫ֮ǰŮˣԼеⲻȥŮû˭ܹƹҲ檡
ǰˮһͨˣҸԼϲֳĲŮ˾ͺܿˣҲֻˣȨϥҲֻܿеˣƽʱ˵˵ûлᣬΪ˻㵱ɷӵġ
һˮΪԼһһԼǸͨˣͨˣһ֪һߵ磬ȴϰ䣬עҪΪһˣѪʾѣһ̤֮;ڸ˽ĸ߶ȡ
˵ǿǲȱŮ˵ģˮ仰ǰ˲ȱŮˣһΪˣˮŮ˲ˮǿųΪŮ˵ģҲǺʵֲһҶ裬ˮûʵһҶ̤ʨֻһ硭
Ҳ֪ʲôʱˮԼߵŮĲˣԼеӦ壬̫࣬оǲƽ
ˮӲΪԼûһŮ˾ͻѸһݣˮԼÿһŮ˶ǸԼУƺìˣ˾һġ
ˮʵһ㣬ӦֻǵŮ֮ദǺദ
ˮƺ˳˼һƺѾһЩһҶΪʲôѡҲԸһֱԼߣ룬ԼΪ˸õδ˴֮İˣ۳̡̨诵Ҳˡ
ҪݣҪһˮŮ˶ˮĿռ䣬οŮҪԼʺҪеҪе㼶ܣأһ棬ʲôʱ򶼸оġ
յˮûпԼһڵʧ䣬ϻǹŵ΢ЦЦһ˺ѣ֪ⱲܲԼĺأ裬ĴӦҡ
һҶЦ˵ǽǣȢ˲֪ж٣Сһﵽʱĸ
ɲڣ
յЦ˵ûԼĸ϶
迴ˮɫҲûٵ٩ҲǽŮˣһζƣʹԸҲʧȥ֮ǰĸо
м飬ϯƺеƣȻŮǶһӰ졣
ϯɢ֮󷿼յ뿪ˣʣˮһҶˣҲСԺ
ϲ㣡
һҶ̾˵
ˮһҶЦˣ˵ʲôΪʲô̾
ϲ𣿡
һҶĿˮƺ뿴ˮκһ˼
ˮ΢΢ҡҡͷ裬ǰ˵ϲǰ֮˽֮ܲܿ˼ƯͶȢɣѵϲߵŮԽԽ𡣡ˮߣ˵
һҶЦˣҪ˵Ҳأ
ˮҡҡͷҵŮҶҵȥػȥȻʱҲо̰ᣬǰǿҪǸ𡣡
ܸܵǽĺϲϲ㣬˲ǺϲƯŮ˵𣿡
һҶЦſˮ
˵ѾͷôˣǲǲƵŮﲻ
ˮ˵˵
һҶȴǿĵЦˣˮԴһǰǲġ
ǰҲǣҰ㵱Ůʦģʱû֮ģǰֻԽλķݣһǲȫ˷
һҶ΢΢죬εԼҲϵʦݵĸıоеΣȴǺܰĽڸоģоõġ
ǸŮˣŮˡ
һҶ˵ҪԼǿҵš

ʱ䲻֪һ¹ȥˣˮҲǺУƽһҶһͨһ˫˫ɷˡ
ˮоӺܳʵһиоܳʵˮ뵽ǰһ׸裬¡
ˮߵŮˣ绪̲ס˵뵽Ǻһϡ


1684 ɹӣ˻ī
һҶˮ˵Ļһ΢ЦŻͷˮʱºˣһ̵ɽƽʱʱܶζ˵һЩ޵ݵĻ¶ļĻǵһΡ
ˣעͣˡ
һҶЦ˵
ŮͲһΡ
ˮεЦֻһŮˣһŮǲˡ
ˣǼȻôͻԹ޻ڣѡǻǻѡ񡣡
һҶĿˮ˵ϡ
ˮܿģ˷򸴺ԼεºôģʱоԼǶôˡ
ˮǺ㣬ŮҲĳһУ߸ȱˣˮǵߵһһעԵ֣עġ

ˮͣһһյˣżɽ˵ϢǹҪΪͷ
ˮһ㶿Ůⶫǹʲôͷͱʲôϵ
ףŮǶǹŮˣһǶǹӣһƫ
˵
ˮﵹͦģû뵽ͶǹһϵôʱһֱûжպŰᵽһ¶ԷȻҪͷ
ⶫǹʵΣ
ˮʵǼȻ֪պ˱ôȻҲܹһԼһʵڻҳͷ˵ⶫǹԲ
ǹΧһǾȻҳͷǾ˵ϱ𱱺Ҫǿܶࡣ
յˮ˵
յ˵Ҳˮģܼ򵥣ˮоԼ뷨ܶ඼Ǻһһ
Ǿ͵ǰɡ
ˮǸµˣⶫǹûˮ̫ģҲܵġ
ǹٽһǿʵǱиһǿ֮ǰͱף˵󷽻ûʲôв˱һ̶϶ǹвΪǰĻҪᡣ
յˮĶ¡
ⶫǹƿǺ𣿡
ˮʵ
ˮҲ֪һЩҲһǿԶѪѰ˿ѷɫӴ󣬵ֻеŮһ֮һ
ţһ壬Ӧñ𱱺ǿ̫࣬Ͼ˫಻ܴ󣬶Է֮ҪսպȫҪΪֻعȻҲϵڡ
ӦúպǨãȻŮڶǹɻҶǹʹǹôԭӦǸоպľ޴в
ǹӦöЩ˽ģϾôˣĸ涼˽ǣڸĿŵҪΪָһһЩֻ̣ǲ֪ʲô
ŮҲǳĬˣˮû̫ĽţһҶһµУȻʲô¶Ӱ죬򶷣ˮյԼֱӰų⡣
ˮûʲô̫Ľţ֮ǰӦûеţɾˮսٴһ޴̨ףоӦǰ顣
һŴս͵պ½ܶ˶ѡķʽȽϹ䣬оǼʹܣԷӦҲϾɱˣսĺô
ȻǾԵģ½ߵĵ壬սҲԶӰ죬ӰҲǺܴѡսһֿܣһűʤľģҪʤҪöԷɨأǶǺţȷǲʤԷսԽһЩ
ˮǰս飬ܼ򵥣ҪΪָպһ֮սһʤԸ
ûж˵ʲôҲû˵ʲô֮࣬ϾҲһʼ˵ǾǲݣֻҪ¸飬ʲô֪ˣֻڵѾʼ˵˲٣ΪвӰʱˣսС
ˮȻӦεʱͶǴһΣ˫սܳ˸ˡ
ȺսˮЦˣ˸ˣԼһҶǲˣŮڤϹˣʵ޻βģϾǿʵʱ̬ˮ˵Ҳ˵
պڻЩǿߵģȻŮ磬ҲŮҲѷɫ̫࣬ǿԲսģҲǺ壬ɹһĽӣһǺеĻīϡ
˶ǿĺˣ嶼Ѿպ˵ʵǿԲսġ


1685 սǰϦ
ˮǲýӺīϲμսġ
ֻǺͼŮԺãƺˣƺûĽɱˣñ˲ڽպ
ˮҲǣǿ߲һҪΪλ˾Ϳˣһ˲п࣬ô·߹ֻһֱԼսǼŮҲٺԼһ𲢼ս
ڣŮʵȻԼ֮˲٣սǿԵģˮڸоԼԺҪߵһ𲢼սսѲи飬ҪԼŮһսԼպһЩǿߡ
ҲǣǾ˵ˣһνϺī϶Ҫս
ˮЦ˵
Ϻī֪һҪˮԼŮһͶǹһսʱ򷴶ܿģˮûȥǣǷˡ
ˮǸ֮ˣϺīպҲһ֮ףλǺܸˣˮҲǳʲôɶҪ𾴣ȻҲһֵ𾴵ˣϰҲǴͳ£ֻش黹ǵᣬϻʲôĿԸο
˵˵ʵҲãҲãǿƿ߶žԵȨģϰףʵϣʵ˭㡣
λүӣôˡ
ˮ˺ȵվӦ˹ȥ
˵οǲμӺͶǹս֪ǲġ
˵˿Ȼ޷ˣȴɢǿҵĺϢ·ʱ¶һֳƵ·Ǿ޴ѹڵһ˾ǽӣɹһǿߡ
һڴֿһ˫۾ɣиɢĹâеµĺۼ΢ЦڴĿˮ
Ҫأ֪λүԸԸ⣿
ˮһһ˵
֮ãôˣûһսһβҲҪμӡ
īæ˵
߲˵Ϊսһ϶սжȹߵϣʱпܶǰ˵ģڽƮܲڲͣսݲһʧ˭Ҳܱ֤ԼһսӮǲǻܻš
̫ˣҲд⣬Ǿλүˡ
̫ˣҲպһӣػպʹǵ񡣡
ûжãλʱ뿪ˮҲǿ˱ȻʱսʱΪ˱ǣߺܶԸսҲԸһֱƽĵ
ʱܿ죬һξȥˡ
ˮյԼϡī˴˳ھպԶĵطһɽƵĵطһɽȣֻɽ̫ˡ
һҶҲˣֻˮμսˮģûֹһҶǰһպǰ˻ǲٵģϾպľֹܽպиĺܶˡ
ˮǰʱͲ̫ˣԵȵʱǹѾˣо໥˽϶ԷӦñԼմһƣǱϣʵˮżɾʵٴδǶԷ֪ġ
ˮڿ˶ǹˣͷһģˣĸߴͦΣͻ˫۾Ͷǣ˫ϣǿȴֲѿһֹصĸо
ֻ󼸸ٲȵŮҲƵӦǵ
ˮǸͷľǶǹǶǹĴţʾףܣܸߣ쳣ϬݣʱҪע
յ˵
ˮͷպҲǵõһЩѶ
ǶǹʵҲǺǿҪֵܣϵ൱ĬʵӺܶࡣ
յ˵
ˮһյ˵һ߿ˣ͵òֻڿӣ˫ƽƺƤûʲô񣬵ϲʱɢһ׺Ϣޡ
ⶫǹвٸ֡
ˮЦ˵
𱱺Ҫǿܶ࣬ʵû㣬Ƕ϶ǹûκʤ㡣
յЦЦ˵
ôġ
ˮͷյ
ţڣ˭Ҷ¡
ˮεӿ΢ЦſҸǵƤգգ۾
ⱾһͨĶòŮѩϸ֬ɢһĹ󣬴ʱЦ绨öĿ
迴ˮʧĿԼһֲɫŤһ£ϾΧˣܶ˶עһһ
ˮعҲֻ֣ɫе죬ˮֻεЦЦȻٴΰעŵ涫ǹ


1686 ս˶
֪˭л˵
ǸΪ׵˵еͳȴǺ
յںһˮֱǰһ£ˮԼ߳ģͬʱҲڸ߶Է
ˮΣЦſŶԷս鶼ˣ֪ʲô˵ġ
ϣεսҪ޹֪Σ
˿ˮΧ˵
ˮ仰֪ԷûȫӮԼһ˵˱ȽϽûеĵͷ˵Ȼ
ʵʤܿܣ֮ǰԼٺãһսܾǶԷûиϾɱҲһЩЩ㹻ܷˡ
Χ˼֤ҲһãֻǺСرǰЩΪպͶǹʵǿģ˵ϻ
ãǿʼɣ
˵ӰһϷȥͬʱߵӰҲȥˣˮǶԷֻˡ
ˮȻҲˣϾƽˣ˫ҲҪУˮƽˮԷͬҲˣһս
˫վʱһյʱ䣬һյʱôʼˡ
ˮս⣬󷨣ս⻷һЩʲôĶˣֻʱԵģĶޣӲ̫ԡ
ˮóƽսꪣƲɾ𵽸еãͬʱ˫óԵı
ʱһĹȥˮŶˣǵǳצ罣һڼɢһһı
ǧ磬ǰ˵ʮ˰ʵʮرֻһݶ࣬ھıǲ֪֡
ء
ͻȻΧһͳĽƻһ㡣

ˮ΢΢üͷһʿʵķʽȻǶô죬ҲرʵãһɹɵĴԽԽǿ
ˮ΢΢ҡҡͷȻӰһһȭңң
䣡
ˮһҲǿɽϺӵĶǹҲҴ̧һӣһʵһʯǽסˮĹ
Ƕˮϵͨǿ壬һΧֱӽԶĴɽƽˣǺףΧҲˮȴסӿԪơ
սˣ衢յнϡīһ˲䶼˳ȥΪǿͬʱҲǳ˹ķλӦĽٶȡ
֮λ
ˮѾˣҲǺ󷨲ĴڣǴˮһ˿ᶨȻеĻƽսΪ׵˴ȥ
һ
ˮһΣܲܽԷɱˮɱﵣҲǵһôó
ԣ
ٽֵһ̣ˮɫľţûе־ĵزڽӴһ˲䣬ˮܵ󲿷ֵƺʧˡ
ƻľ
ǹʹԼıɱÿֻʹһεƻľһ⣬һʵõǿս
ˮ֮֮⣬оԼһܴЧֻû뵽ԼˣֻǶԷõƻľս
ʽ
ˮеĻƽսһֱӴǹʱյԼϡīҲҵ˸ԵĶ֡
ˮһսһ߹۲ΧĶ˵ʵһǿģӦûҪǿʱں衢յսš
Ů֮ĬҲǼ򵥵ģǲʤҲôװܡ
Ϻī˺սһˮ۵ģֻǻɽע⵽ζǱϺīϹƺûʲô飬ͬҲΣͬҲû¡
ǽɹһ壬ǿģīȻûнϷǿ󣬵еĻҲߵǿһ;ĸ˴ӲƴĸоһʱǺѷֳʤġ
Ů˴ĵǺգ˫ĹǺϬʱҲǺѷֳĻӦ
ؼ͵ˮ֮䣬ˮǹ˭ʤ˭ܻžӦս
ˮƽսһһŶԷȥٴγȥ˲һȻ
𽣣
Ƕܣ
ԣ
޴ײˮǹ治򵥣Ȼˮûʹû֮׷ʲôģԷܻԼôĹ⡣
Ѫ٣
һ嶼ˮϵˮ˵гһУⲻò˵һ⣬һȴõںˣˮڶԸ˵壬һ̶һ
ľ
ˮѪپǿֲˣǹˮѪپȶˣǱĶ㿪


1687 ӡǣƸ
أ
һ޴Ѫſצһĳȥǿ֮ɢ
ˮˮһ֮ǿĹĺ٣ҪǾԭһֱо֮ǰĹоʧˡ
һѪټ֮ǰĽѾˮı
ˮݣ
ˮˮһȥݵսˮȻȫȷԷʵҲܸܵԷĴʵҲĽԷܡ
ƾſֲ壬ˮĹһŶԷѹȥŹʽǿûκα
ǹп˵ھ˵Ҳ˲ϣˮĹѾ
ôҲû뵽˵ʵôǿʵҲùôҲû뵽ˮʵô죬żɾˮĺô޿ɹģʵҪǹϸǺˡ
ˮ㳩죬㣬ĺ٣޹˼ɵĻԼʵᵣԼ̫º
ǹֻзķݣӿʼֻ˲ʮУ˽ֵҲǧУֹп籼ף˲ʮйȥˡ
ʵҲڵˮߵʱ򷴻ȻмлҲҪСһ㣬ΣյģΪȫڱʤֲģ˭Ҳ֪һܷܲס
ˮƺʽܼ򵥣ǿ죬죬㣬ˮĵǾƺںϣʽҲںϡ
ںһϵںϣǾںϣˮֹʽ֮ǰ̫ˣȻҲȫѹס
ϾʵںһҪı־²ԴڣʵںϾһǿߵı־
ǿַ츲أɽҸ֪ʲôǾҲǾҲʵһںֱ˴ˡ
ˮı仯ǳˮ֮ģĺˣǩʵ̫ˣҪֻ֪ǿ߲ںϣ֮궼һںϣǰԼĶ֣
ˮڷ·һ״̬ʵûսڲϵʵںϣƽսꪵҲڲϵӡ
ʽ
Ĺʽ˵Ѿ¯ĵزˮԼ֪ϰ˶ٱ飬ʹ˶ٱ飬һֱμĸ֣ɡ
ɵһ̶ȾͻữΪ棬ˮܽԺʹ˵սͬĵز
ʽ񼼣ڴﵽ¯ĵز֮ԽĿֲھת䣬൱ʵڲϵӡ
ӦˮԽսԽ£ƺǲ֪ƣһԽʵԽǿȴǸоԼѾЩġ
֪Ϊս½һйˣô군ˣ޷ʵǵĸ߷ʱйġ
һкǧ
еһѿͻܿɳΪһò֪ܳƲסôͻᶪ
ΪԼҲҪƴһ¡
һжǷ˲䡣
ӡǣ
ϳһ޴ɢһһϢ˸оëһ
Ѹ
ػ
Ϭ
ˮʶ쳣һϢˮԴУָо棬ҲȫȷϾ־һĸо
ȻһνӴĹֹ֮ǰǿ˲٣ٶҲ˺ܶ࣬ҹһϢ
еĳһڵĹΣתһһˮȥ

ɽ
ˮ⹥˺ܲĸоֱӻɽӭ̡
ն
ˮƽսϷһɫâҫޱȣǹʽͽ𽣽ϵЧɽѾɣˮֻӲӲ
ˮһҲҵģÿһδ򶷶һαľ飬رƾеʱ򣬻˵յս
ԣž
ˮû뵽һȻԷնˣˮһ£ͬˣҪ֪ҲǷƷôױնˡ
ˮһ¾˲²⣬ӦúʵйϵҶڹʽľҲйϵΪ֮ǰˮоԼڹʽľһͻơ
ˮʱѾع˫۱һ⣬ʣµİˮʺȥ
Ƹۣ
ˮعϿ̾ԼĲԽԽ֮ǰѾõˣһˮƤˡ


1688 ˮյ
ˮһ̲˿⣬˫ŴĶϵ̡
Ͽһһ־ԵˮоôҲ㲻ǶԷٶжô죬޴ɶĸо
ˮʶѣԼЦڶ˵ֻһ취
䱣˧
΢
ˮܾûʹù΢ʹóϿ̾ڽӴˮһ˲ƺܵĳǣһб·ȥ
ۣ
ˮ˵ķ޷ֵϿֱӴ̽ˮļ򣬴̵úûжĸоһӵˮȫ
û꣡
һˮоԼͻȻ䣬ˮϵͨ⣡
ˮһ̾ǾҲо͸ڲжˮûǿľʣֱӱɱˡ
ȻܶжѾյ˾޴ĸţΣѾݲö룬Ŀڴһһ
Լ̲ˮļǺܸ˵ģֵ֪ܵסǱ֮׼Ԫͨ̽ˮʱȴǸоһʹ
ʹܿ죬Ե޹ʵۣһԭģǱʶĽԪȻˮȥ
ֻǾʱˮŽеĿйԽѾʼŰʹǿҲǳܲסġ
ܿʶģˣԪǽˮһЩˮ˿Ϊĳѡ
ѣҺûһǺ鷳ˣھǲ֢֮ϵߵķնϾ
ٻκεطԵģϱ۲߷ϵû˱۰ǿҲУھˣʵܵӰ졣
ֻΧһЩҪľŦƻŻᱻϵ絤ΧΧиΧС
ˣܿˣˮڿйԽϵǺŵģѪģļˮȴǹſĵЦ⡣
һߣ
ûпйԽϵĻ֪һôʱˮֻоˮʪˣоۡ
廹ǺǿģʿɢĺѸٵĻָţˮҧĶϴֱӰ˳Ѫҵʹƺһ¡
óסѪһμ֮Ȫˮϴһ£ϽҩۣѸٵóһĲס
һҲʱ䣬ˮ̫ʱ䣬սûнѾöԷţǿսκα仯Ѹٸı֡
յץסһɱеһնһ۰һȫˣ֮ǰΪˡ
磬ɽӣЩǶˮһǹһкǧ˲˪ӡ
ˮΪҪԼ֣û뵽Ϊս˲仯
Щ˶ǳǿߣ˵ʲô˾ǰɫ˺ٺ١
Ӽ˻ҧˣοˡ
ʣµһӰͻȻ䵭еĴ̱·Ҫɢˮһһյȥ
֮ӡ׷
ɫһ䣬ˮʱҲѸٳ˹ȥеԶҪǲǾ⣬ʱ⣬оԼھǻ˲Ҳûʱˡ
ƺ׼һյӰһ¡
㿪ദһСȴǱᴩˡ
ˮʱѾˣеĻƽսûκֱ˵ϡ
ˮսʱЩ˺ˮԲһεģһôҲܲסģһȥֱӴûˡ
ʣµһ˾֮ǰϱ۵ģ˫Ѿ˲ݵĵزûģΪ˭֪ûãȻͲοѾ޷ˡ
ˮסյ˿ѪעҴ⣬ѸóסΧѪֹѪշ绪ȴһƬ԰ף԰ֽ
ںܷŭǶϱֻغϣڷŭʱսҲŭѪҺȼʵӣѪˣЧԡ
յ˵ĺأˮչΪˮҽˮյˮܽ·ˮ뿪һ
ǲҪˡյı˵ѾܵԼʧ˵λǵﲻԶ˵Ѿеƣ֪ԼԺһˡ
ڣµģҡˮæ˵
㣬һֱ㣬û£ȥ֧ǣˡյҪԼվ



1689 ʥ֣
ڵƸվסˮȻǿıҵģǲµġ
ˮԷѾûκʤˣΪյˣˮֱӽ֮˳Ըӵȷ˵ʤ
ˮͳĺյһůˣȴǸоҸʱһֱȥ
֪ԼѾҩɾȣһԼˣֿû˵ǿ̹ȻѾԼⶼ˵ˣһ佾ŮˣΪҲû塣
ĸоܿ࣬಻ԣ˵Ŀࡣ
ˮǾǺϲСĺůûздʱ̤ʵ
ˮʱʵûʲô뷨ů뻳̫ˣˮǲϲŮ˭ϲˮֻԼԭ
սڽУˮյϵߣڲöֻ֣û֮׷ԼŹԼžͺ׵ֱӿս
Ȼľ޴仯սѸٽʵߵսԽǿսԽգһǰ죬սܶʱһһ˲ܽսս˲Ϣ䡣
ȻҲģƾжƾҲпܻսܳʱ䣬ÿ˵ͨɱһЩֶζǸͬܳʱֲʤĺ١
޵һ޵ڶ
ûˣϸīϻҲûܵʲôˣˮڵȻϾͺãǿѾʼѸٵֻҪһϵʱ䣬ڶԻá
ɾѾ˾żʱϱ֮ǰһһʱʱûб仯֮ǰʱǶһ
¼ˮǿĻָʲôһϾԻָ
ʱһҶѾվˮߣеĿյˮǽô
İɣûµġ
ˮŻеġ
ʱյѾеˣʱû˻ˮһˣϾɫ԰ףѪ
ˮȴǽȥˣȽǡ
ߴˮ
սѾҲûʲôˣˮͷڰյֻǼ򵥵Ĵһơ
ˮյһҶ뿪ˡ
յСʵأûˮһյͻΪˣ˵ʵ̫пˣرǿߡ
յС˿ڿֲˮҲûʲô˼˵ˮôΪ֪ŮϲԼԼ뷨Ӧòܾġ
ֻϹ̲ǺܳˮҲŰʱʱͲˣɾȡһЩҩݣ߳׼ҩ
յѾ˯ˣ֮ǰһֱԺ֪ˮڰˣеӰԽԽѾǵڶˣԺеӰӷ·ǿһ
˵ǧλͷŻĽһλԼ֮Ľ֪һʲôϵ
һ˿ӵ˯ˡ
ˮ˳һҶĵʵǽô
ûˣҪһʱ䣬˯ˡ
ˮЦ߳˷䡣
յѾ˯ˣһҶҲʹǰȥĴ㣬̾һȻʤˣֻǿʼҺܵģ
ˮ֪һҶ˵ǻе飬ڲһ£ʵ˵ʲôǲսģΪܸܵһҶرϧС
ˮҲеأãоҲӦǹʵĲҲˮڱѾ򡢺ǺԽĺ棬ĺΣգһɼֻҧȥ˵Ҳûκ·ԡ
ڣõģ㲻Ƕǹǿʵ֮УӦҲŵϵģǺҲƴһҲпܶʱ䲻ᡣ
ˮս־ɡ
Ȼǿڶǹֻܼǰ壬ӦǿɣʵǿҪһŮˣǾʥ֡
ʥ֣
ˮɻ˵
˵ǼʣΪ൱ǿҪһ˲ŮֵסǿС
һҶ赣ǵ˵
ˮ̫ˣʣԼǼʣһ̶Ͽ˵ȵģ˭ǿ˭ǿΪģԷǾ͵ĹˮоûκεֵܵסԷϾھ߳ҵ
̫ˣοҲǺܿģˮıǮ


1690 Ů鷳
ѾˮΪܿ춫ǹͻҹֻʱѾȥˣԷûκζˮ⣬ϾѾ˵Էˣˣƺе˵ȥˮĲȥǶǹ
ˮһȥҵԷϳԼʵɲȻʵں޵úǿһһܴĲ࣬оֻ߻кܶˣοʱʵǿҲ޵УŸֶ㺬޾Ȫ
ΧպҲر𾴣֮ǰıһǿΧҲǶհպ˱ǿΪʱѾвպġ
Щˮûʲôо뵽ǵڱʱЩʲô֮ǰôԱԺҲͬպ
ѣֺ˵ĺ٣Ҳ̫ˣѼ顣
о仰Ǵ˲С˹պûжЩǰĵ˶ôĿҲûΪһҪպһֱǿȥȻпܻ䵽³
ʤΪ棬½ߵûôͬģԶֵʴȾǶԼĲ̣Щʱ֮ԱһۻɣһֹûʵƶǾֻء
ܿһĴСѾ˳պҲһֹɣҪõӣպҲҪЩ׳һӦҲһʲôʱҲܺ˶ʱ
࣬εģȴʵڵģվ۷ˣһһݣõܶ˵ľһ
ʱ䲻֪һ¹ȥˣһҶҲвµˣӱϻǿʲô
ǹûʲôԷûжˮȻҲʲôյѾָʵûյӰ죬ƺӦҲһ֮ضɡ
ȻǰûʲôˮʱҲȻҲɣƺʲôˣκ˶Կˮ⣬Ƿݾ뱣ֵĸոպá
ˮѾȺξһȺΣѵʱֽʲôʱĿԿǲܳΪˣҲһҸ
ģһҪΪޣҪܵĽӴܿ˺٣ΪŮ֮˵ǲѹƣԽѹԽױõľ赼䷢ɢ
ˮȻҲܿŮ˺ܴҲܳ죬һҶ裬˵°֪ԼΣһҶڣһҶ費治֪ܲŮǰʧ
ǰʱܶҲŮҲãڷֿʱԿʱ׳ֱ߳룬಻ʤ
Ů˽ס˵ĽһŮ˻ܵܶ˲ͬ׷ǻ뾡һа취ֱɹĵõŮˣ˸סŮ˵ջˮһϸоԼӦòƺֲôĺá
һҶû˵ʲô鲢ʺ˵ʲôԼ˽⣬вŮˣÿŮȥԼȫģյǸ̶ȣԼҲ뿪ģڼȻûнܣȻԭ򣬵ԭûаҪصĳ̶ȡ
Զǰ嵥ɫһһҶ񣬻Ⱥ֣ˮҿ϶Ů˲ϲϲԼ˵ϲԼʲôġ
ˮҡҡͷЩ˵飬Ǹ鶯ϣ鰮ȣվ飬ǲŮģȻ˺ֵһ֡
Ҳ˺Ͷ޵зḻʵ顣
ʲôأҲ²¡
һҶЦſ˵
ã²¡
ˮЦſʱȥʱˣǹûκζڱպѾ
Ҳˡ
һҶһȾϢʱǳЦſˮ
ˮ֪ǹģһʲô¶һЩ̧ͷЦЦû£㲻ö룬˵ʲô˵ɡ
һҶҲЦˣǲǽ㣬Ҳԡ
ˮźһҶ裬ҡҡͷ˵СŮֻЩϲǲɶ𣬶˵ʱڵŮǿҡ
쵰ִǲǡ
һҶ߼סˮ͡


1691 ɽ
һҶϾӱǺˮѾϷ޿ɻǵֵסˮåֻεҡҡͷһֱ׵һյˮĸĺҲˮߵŮ˲ֹһƺҲںٶһҪյҲˡ
ˮʵҲܿȻҲ᲻εѯһҶǲǲںԼ߶Ůˣǲʵ뷨
֪һһҶ̫ˡ
ˮϣǿµΣģȻڵůӰ첻ǣɫʿӰһ˵顣
ڣˮоܣڻȻûеȨľ磬ʵҲ൱ֲˣ˻֪ġ
СһԲԡ
ˮĸһҶĸЦ
һҶϳҸ΢Ц£ô
һҶڵɫˮޱȣʵͻƼ绹Ҫˡ
Һڴĵ
һҶ˵ʱɫ˵ᣬˮĶǼʡ
˵ʲôôԹ
һҶ迴ˮʱһ㶡
ˮЦſڻûг㶼ˣ᲻᲻Ĵ
һҶͷһ£ûС

ˮǲ뿪֪ǹвڣһҶУֻһֱȥ
ŷζοҲ֮ǰˣһҹҲɾһ㣬ɷˡ
ǹûһ㶯ˮовԾպҲǰǹ̽ˣõϢȴˮǳԾ
ǹڲȨܼң֮䲢ϣϿǹŽᣬʵڲѷֿˣһɣҲһɣʵڶġ
ˮǼǵ˵Ĵһ֮ˣںͶϣΪǹƿ߶ֵܽõģڿӦúպֻ֮࣬ĹϵûպôǢ
ºˮˮյһԶǹĴˮǰɽ档
вû˵ʲôֻˮǰɽۼ档
ˮое棬սѾˣһҶСѾ΢΢¡𣬵ǰЩŮ˻ʱôţѾˣŮת۵Ӳ١
ŮڶǿˮڵˮľѾݣ֪ˮǶǹ
˵ⶫǹĴǸɫˡ
Ц˵
˵ػ᲻ǰȥء
յЦ
ˮ֪Ů˵٩Լ΢΢ҡҡͷһҶ裬ŮˣһҶŮˣֻ
֧㣬ֻǲʲôҪעⰲȫ
һҶǲˮκԸġ

Ľ
ŮЦŴȤ䣬Ҳû˵ʲôûֹˮ˼οҲֹˣˮǾǰɽۣȥνĴǹպ֮Ҫô
ҲǸ취ҪģҲһİ취͹˵ǶԷסˡ
Լʱ磬ˮǵڶ̸ͶĶ죬붫ɽˮʱϵ
ɽ
Ǻеһ޴ɽҲɽ֮ǰıֿˣͬʱɽҲ˶ɽԶǶǹ
պλþ붫ɽǺԶԶķΧǱǹ
绷½ϸãһȫ߸ˮǰʶ磬ںУڲ֪ʲôˮڿһܲͬˮҲܲˮ
һжˮݴġ
ˮһͷɽߵнͦվֵ쾡£վŵλһɽ۸߷塣
ǸԶվɽ۵ĸоܺãˮǰûʲôɽľǰҲûôߵɽǰߵɽҲͰǧףǸ߶Ȼȱһʲܲס
ǧ׸ߵɽɽٲǸɽɽͲֹʮףǰĴڣȴﲻ̫ľ̾һƺôȻվﲻȱо³㣬ҲԽŨ
ɽ϶ˮҲǣˮشɽ
ͻȻˮܵһ˿ͷǺԶĵطվһӰһӰվ￴棬ƺҲƽϢѾˮ֪һҲƽ


1692 庮ҷ
һˮ߽
һ˷欣ϢˮŮӣ׼ΣԲ̵ͦĸյôһ˫ֱ޳˫߶֮ҡҷˡ֮ζĶǣ㷢磬һֱۣͦıӣ΢̵ӣСˮĲģ˼С졣
庮ҷ
ˮʱݣôҲû뵽ŮǾ֮壬һֱŷԼһֱûǹ
ˮ뵽ƺǰ뵽ֻû뵽ûлݾȻȻûȫ֤ʵǶǹĴѾԿ϶ˡ
ٴο庮ҷѾȥʮˣвʮ˰ɣʮʱ䲢ûʲôµĺۼֻڿҪһЩʸˡ
һǵŮˣ˿ѷɫСŮ˵ģŮĵĴѰĺ֮Ů˸޷ȡ
Ůˮ֮ġξϤĻƺĳˮǰƺظŵ龰
е庮ҷһ˿ҵվˮǰΪе㷢㶵ˮ½ˮȴǿ庮ҷѩͪ壬ͦѩء
ƽ̹С׼ŻԲ̵ͦĽǷ飬ֱ޳û·
һˮ·ҲǾֿŵļ⣬ˮϹǿǽǡ壬ˮļȳƵļɢĹ
庮ҷˮϴ齣վڴϣλðĿռ䣬һĿѣԡ
ˮĻѾ˱ԵˮоԼĻҪԼգڵϹǿתš
ˮˣҰıסĽֻǲΡΡأ֬ů񣬱еԾˡ
ҰˮѩУҵţסǶ˵ķۺ飬ʹ˱

ξеˮ庮ҷоһɵĸоȲĸоϮһػ棡

庮ҷˮѹ£ˮ䡭ǾӾˮ֪ʲôʴǡ
ĵУڣС΢΢ϣֵĽٴرֱӳڶһ㡣
ξеĸܺʵǽϢҲ˸ϵ覣ЩַʹߣˮֻҪԼǸͻǸ
ر庮ҷڴϣպߵĻźԼĶѩԲ̵θ߸𣬻ͷ˿ܻӭĿںˮ
ˮعʱ庮ҷѾǰû뵽Լ뵽ЩоԼڵɫò
ˮεĿ庮ҷ֮Ȼûʵʷʲôˮ֪ǰ庮ҷϲԼģֻûиԼĲֻû뵽
޴ڣŮȻǶǹĴܺ棬˰˵һ䣺ã
ã
дԣеͳȴ˻겻ᣬ·ħһʱһֱڿԼƺ۾գһգ
û뵽һټȻһϡ
ˮҡҡͷƺеε˵
Ҳû뵽Һܿģ˵ԵһĶڸоǡ
庮ҷƿĿ⿴Χ˵
ˮǷı仯˺ܶ࣬վŶһƣģһ˵֪ƾһı仯Ǻܴġ
үү𣿡
ˮʵ
庮ҷɫ̲סһȻҡҡͷѾˡ
仰ˮһѹ庮ҷŮǺүүһģүүɽܵĴϣִɽڡ
ˮҲܲ³Ӧүү뿪Ż뿪Ҳ˽ɡ
ԲѾ鲻Ҫ̫ѹүүǱҲϣֵȥ
ˮ֪ôο
Ѿܶˣүүڣһܿĵġ
庮ҷҡҡͷɫѾָ˲١
Һܺ棬ôΪǹģ
ˮĺܺ档
ҲܺôΪպػ
ˮҲûʲôģյԼ˵һ飬֪ˮ庮ҷоͶǹ֮ìƺѾìˣҲ˺ܶࡣ
ˮ˵֮Ҳ֪庮ҷЩĴžˮľ庮ҷҪ򵥺ܶ࣬үү˰֮ɽھû庮ҷλãҲˣв˶ǿ庮ҷɫ庮ҷҲǳԴ׵ģ֮˭תһ˳


1693 Ҳҵػɣ
ҲĻԵ컯ߵľɽԵ˳ɢĵ棬ҲΪʲôܳΪڵĴԭ
ֻӲ࣬ʵҲǵ֮ʣǽԼĴи庮ҷҲΪʲô庮ҷʵǿԭ
Ĵֻһʵ庮ҷ庮ҷʵɲ⣬ʮǰ뿪
ڵĶǹֳɣ庮ҷǴһɣһǶڵʱû˸˵ʲôʲô庮ҷʵҲǿסʮʱʲôҲ֡
ڵǹʵֶ֧˸࣬庮ҷϾǸŮˣǸˣȻǵõĴУɺϿɡ
һֻҲףҲǸŮˣҲʮ꣬ʮ̲꣬סˣϧ֪õʱˡ
庮ҷվˮߣ˲վɽۣһ͵ɽš
ţһˡ
庮ҷͷˮһʼɫе㼤֮⣬һֱƽƽˮһ㡣
Ů֮飬ϲˮʮʱѾĥȥ̫̫࣬үүͺܶķѾ֮ǰô
гʱгʱ֪ԼǳˣˣʱûôˣûʱһֱһҪ֮󷴶ƽˡ
統һǸ
庮ҷջĿ˵
ˮҲоŮ˵ı仯ĵĲǺԵģûʲôʧ䣬оеɣЦЦһһġ
庮ҷƺЦˣһ˲ķ鶯ǣһĵ欣ʧϣˮ̲סһ㶡
庮ҷоԼĺİˣҲǣǰǰˮ֮ҲûнӴʱ䣬һʮʱ䣬֮ĺİˡ
Ȼ˵İǱʶǺϤϤΪ֮ǰҲ뵽Ǹξֻ欣û̫ɫ仯
ξԻһУζǣҲôһֱҪˣһֱˮϢϧһֱûҵϾѾ뿪ݣںݵı
ˣڸоİҪԣһûб䣬ˣ˲ʲôͼУҲˡ
֪ǹô
庮ҷһתֱ˵˽ϡ
ˮҲ֣ʵʲôô
պҴŶǹҺͶϲϣǹպ飬˵Ҹô죿
庮ҷɵ˵ˮ֮оɡ
ͻĪ뿴ǵ𡣡
Ϊʲôͻǹ谭պǰ
ģû˭谭סôʶ˲ף˵бҪ𣬱֪ǵĿԷŵøԶһЩ
ˮЦ˵
庮ҷϲûκεľȣȥˮ˵̾ҪҶǹ˶ãҲ¡
ˮеΪ仰ѾײˣʾȻʾڹȥô꣬Ͼ޴ı仯ˮʵȷǲǻǰһʱԸıǰʮʱ䲻ˡ
ˮ֪˵ʲô֪庮ҷԼԼȻԼڵһЩǺ˽ģӦ֪һҶԼʲôġ
ȻǹˣҲѣĪ㲻Ըˡ
ˮЦ˵ҪʲôΪò
ˮ֪庮ҷǴˣ˵Ͷ֮Ųɵ͵ìܣ֪һϷպܺͶǹˣôͿԸĴˡ
ûа㵱ѡ
ˮĻûʲô鲨庮ҷŻ˵һֱҵˡ
ˮ˫۾ٿô崿Ŀ⣬ûκʡ
ͰҵֳɣôԸ
ˮ֣صĵͷ˵
㻹ҿǺģұҺͶ֮Ȼһս
庮ҷЦſˮƺ˺ܶࡣ
һģ
㲻ò֣ʮǰûаգҵĶ֣ƿ˶ǹˣҪﵱػ
庮ҷЦ˵
Ѿպػˡ
ͻػɵģһ˿ԵܶŵػֻҪתĿ
ʵˮǰǵػһһݵػֻҪͻôУػɵģһʵĴػһǲͬʱΪжʵػҲ⣬ֻǺ١


1694 ı仯㣬
оתĿ𡣡
ˮЦſ庮ҷ
ҪԸ档
庮ҷ˵
֪ܿ仰ﲡˣǱԸˮת˼ԸΪǹػϽ˵תԸΪǹػ
ף
ˮЦſ
֮ǰıǾ仰òᣬϾǾ仰ʵ̫гˣˮֲʵĸоԵǿȻŮ֮䶼һЩˡ
庮ҷɫģرˣҲ֪ܹĽͣԽ;Σõİ취ǲ⡣
庮ҷԶԶƲ㣬˵᲻Ӧҡ
ᣬҴӦ㣬յıֲߵĸԶܴӦҺܿġ
ˮЦ˵Ȼ庮ҷûȷ˵Ҫպˣ˼ѾǺȷˡ

ˮصպʹ龰˵һ飬Ů겻ѣرһҶ裬Ͼ庮ҷݵˡ
̫ˣˮǲǺƯ
յǺǵЦ
Ư뷨
ˮĿյ
ҶŮû뷨û뷨
յƽʱˮ֮ЦӲ֪ʲôʱʼյƺʲôʵӺܿ죬ˮ֮Ҳ࣬ˮ֪ϲֲ
ûУ
ˮϵ˵
ǽǲ˵Ҫ˳ñ˲ӡ
Ц˵
ǵģ谴˳Ҳǰġ
յĵ˵
ϵĲ˵յ֮ûһռ˵ģر档
庮ҷȻ˵ǹԼܽˮе㲻ģ֪庮ҷôȴԼİ취עŶǹĶ
ʷ䣬ˮڵʷѾ߹ģѾóϧˮУ޷óˮһСó
㣡
ˮѾѰɱȣˮ֮ѾһϧѪһͨԵõһЩͨҰһʱڽй۲졣
ˮһĴڣԽİȫһٻʲôȥ㣬óٶȡ
ˮ庮ҷԷʲôͻȻԾ֪
ŲɾˮڵʱԽĳѾоʱò꣬ԻһɾʱԲʱȻżҲʱġ
ɾҩ֮ˮԽǿеҲԽԽǿվҩ֮Уˮʱƽ
ƽѾһЩãоԼҲԼλõĸоܲãֹͣʮˡ
ЩʱЩãʧȥңڵõܶʱʧȥʱ򣬴ϲߴ󱯵ɥʧҡ
һһƽжɹ̫õʱ䣬˵һ׵״̬£ǰϰһʱֻʣ¿
ˮоԼھһһеĽϣõ֪ܶ࣬õֵһʧȥֻûʧ鴦ú׳¡
ˮһΪ˸ȵĸоܵģͻƲһأΪǺͻ
һ̫ģԼʵֻǵĺʱܳˣԴɾż֮ʵϲˡ
µˮΪԼƽɾĴ̫ȭ⣬һԵµĳȭκιɣÿһжһ硣
ˮѾݲˮڵľ磬вʧƮȴ־ޱȣȻƽ֮ǰ˺ܶࡣ
̫ȭĵطǵˮľܱ̫ȭһЩ
һǴʱ䣬оҪҲҪߵ˻Ҫиߵķչ廢ڣ磬Ǻȵȡ
ãҲжݵĿ꣬˵ǳԶĿ꣬򵥵ĳ˵㶫Ȼʼҩľþûɾ˾żֿ֮ʼˡ

Ҳ֪ʲôãˮɵĻһо޴Чĵҩ˵ҩǰģĿǰ֪õƺҲʱ䲻ܳ졣
һϾûʲôҩܾȣ֮ʹһЩҩĽͣǰʱ䣬ֻҪˣͲܳ죬ȻĿǰˮ֪һЩҩΪġ
ˮҪһصľ飬ȵҩʱҪһЩʱ䡣


1695 ƿã
Щʱˮɾаʱϰ֮ǰʱ䣬ֻһһֱ챻ɾ߳ȥʱųȥ
ʱ䲻ʱֻɾʱ֮ǰһ
״̬ҲЩʱˣô׽⿪ģҪһЩ嵭еһּ򲻿ôֻԴˡ
ɫ΢΢ҪȥһҶ￴ʱˮһֱϰߣֻǰһ㣬Ͼǰǰһʱʱ䣬ʱһҶ軹û𴲡
쵽ʱѾѾˣˮϹ˵ЦݣѾԺԵĿˡ
ˮЦ߹ȥסԺɢ
ǲʲô£Ҫ˵ܲܰ⣿
һҶȻԿˮ¡
ˮȻûпı֣ҲûпϤŮȻ֪£ֻһҶʺʳ
Ҳûʲô£ǲ֪ΪʲͻȻоһãʵҲԭ̤ˡ
ˮЦ˵ƺں̬
̫ˣҲǷḻϾûµĴ
һҶһỺ˵
ˮһ㶣վͣȻ󿴿һҶ裬ŻЦЩ
𣿡
һҶգգ˫ʳ̻е㲻ջ
ˮ̽ͷԸû촽һ£ЦʵҲиоǰôҲ뵽ŮϲңҵŮˣһẦʧȥҲ˵һЩЩûʧãġ
һҶսˮ֣ʲôʱôˣǰɲġ
ӵеԽ࣬ԽСԽʧȥǰһС
㵨Сôûоá
һҶЦ˵
ˮٺЦʱҲͦġ
һҶһˮԼ֮ǰ˲٣࣬һҶȻû˵̫ණˮرģʦѣ֪ӵŮˣˮеλúܶء
Сһܴ󣬼ÿ춼ҼΡ
һҶЦ˵ϹҸЦݡ
ȻҵŮˣڽѵ
ˮһҶǰ
ң
һҶ˵ҲЦˡ
ˮϵЦԽᣬֻ˵λӣΪʲôԸ⣬һҲΪ˾޴ı仯
ǹûж𣿡
һҶˮͷˮŮһŮͷ
ѾʼжˣʵѾ֮һ
ˮʱͨ㿴˲ٶǹ
һҶѾ֪庮ҷǴģˮ֮ҲһЩϵݱ򣬾оЩ׽οˮ
Դ֮ÿθܵСʱʹо̤ʵжԺϣˮһ㵭Ȼ
ֵȻǲںоԼõˡ
ˮҲеƣЦſһҶ裺ڵĵλǲҪһλˡ
쵰Ҳƽϡ
һҶ֪ˮ˵ʲô˼
һҶŮϲ̬Ǻɱġ
ˮе㷢㶽˵᲻£
Ӧòᣬ츳ǿһ̶ɽҲ£Ҳ֪ǸΣӦûڴϡ
Ϊʲô
ΪǸŮˡ
ˮ֮ԴӦûв־ԭ򣬼Ȼ庮ҷʮʱ䣬ôעʧܣʮǰ֣ôǲᡣ
ˮ˻ǺģҲǸˣϲŮǰǾԳֵģ˭ȥġ
֮һ֣ûܽ
һҶ迴ˮô˽Ůˣ
˽Լ
ˮЦ˵

ЩƺΪˮԳȥΧתתɢɢʱ顣
˶ǹĴ
һҶ軹¾͵˺ӽʱˣҲ֪ôоеңߵ΢ԶһЩ
ǰ޳Ũüۣͦһ˫۾쳣ִһ˿ǣһϬˣӢ䣬ƺֺܳ졣
ˮͨԼĿҲΪʲôһϳԭ򣬵ûۿƽʱ֪ԷǳԼġ
Ǹúҷϲ˰ɣ
˵һˮ֪Ļ
ˮû˵ǾĿ
ҿʱĻóһŻ񿴣㡣
ûˮʣֱ˵ƽ
ˮƽлǸܵһ˿


1696 ս
ˮԶ϶Ǻϲ庮ҷģ⣬ֻԽĿ϶ѡ
ˮû뵽庮ҷԼĻûв´ĻӦԼģһö֣ˮе⣬֪ǹ̼ĵġ
ĵƺе˵ȥڼǰ֪ԼѾģĻˮ͸оеڣˮоĵĿԻ
ˮ֪֮ǰô˾ͻ庮ҷĶˣΪʱ䳤ҡҡͷ׿Źֵ롣
ˮ
ˮûгԼǲ庮ҷϲˣҲûзϣΪûбҪȥǰȥۡ
ҽġ
˵֮ǰҪƽܶ࣬ˮҲܲĵĲ
ʵѾֻǴӸож϶ԷǿοһЩ˵Ϣ֣ʵǿҲԸܡ
ǲ֪ʲô
ˮѾԼĲµһţԷԲȾƵġ
ûпɫֻ֪ϲʲô
ʱϵϢâһ޿ײ롣
ˮЦݲ䣬ûΪԷƱ˸оʣŶԷҸо֪ܲΪʲôϲˡ
Ϊʲô
ɫˣʱѾ޷ڱ򶨡
庮ҷߣߵߴ磬һסҲûãˮһ仰˵˶ĵطһӷҡ
һˣһǿӵеؽǣ㿴ǻһ˵ӡ
ˮûκκøУΪϲ庮ҷ
˵ǲҪԼŮóȥ
ԥһͻȻЦ
ڸˡ
ˮЦ˵
ҲҪ㿴ֻ֪Ҵʱ֮ǰĻͲ˵ˡ
һ˫Щ̣ˮ뵽ۡ
ۣ֮
һ˫۾˲䰵죬ɢһ˶ɵ׹⣬־ᶨĿ»ɢ
Ȼͨ˻ΪµˣˮܵκθȾ֪˫۾ֻöԷ־ô򵥡
֮ǴеһѪսڿ֮֮¿Դļǿ֪ҶԷĶҲӦļپͿʵͶԷʵ
֮⣬֮ҲΪۣ֮Ը꣬ǲʵģ֮ʵҲǾȹ̵Ļ۾һǾͲˡ
ˮ˫ͬâһ㣬һĽã
ۣ
ˮҲΪСĽʱ˿⣬ϾⶫǹĶʵҲǿģʵһɱﵵģһСĶǾͿ޶ˡ
ˮĿǰ֪ǿҲֻһǿһûͷҲǻ׹Ҳ³һͷˣֺͽŻһ۰ȻǿԵġ
ĺĽײûмҵĳ棬ȻϵںɢڽӴһγһŶʵ֮
ˮˡ
ƽս˲Уȫʵת۷壬ʱҪȳֵģΪǿǹһ˽ģǹĴɫǿһһݡ͵Ϯ
Ըģһζķռ̫ıˣˮɫǷǿķĹһĳɫٶȣҪǿĹɵԷǰϲûԶĵˣҲΪѡ
ʱͲҪԼ²ȷĺ󻼡
ʽ
ʽϵںϣѾںѸٵƻԷҪǹĿ¡
Ԫ֮ѾںϣȻûдﵽ¯࣬ˮѾ˸ߵһţ磬֮
ԣ
ƽսꪺͶıײһɫĹɢȥΧɽʯ˲ΪƽأѸٵıΧˮڻʧΧֻмҶˮ
һȻǿˮڵʵ˵Ѿ൱ǿˣرϣʹҲֻǽԷˣûöԷˡ
Ѿ൱ԾˣͬʱԾǶʵҲ൱ţȻҲҶǰˮˡ
ɽӱѣ
ˮĻƽսһӸһɨ¡
֮
һ˲ΧƺֹһƺҪһƽսЮ֮͵˶
ˮҲѪڣҪԼӻȥǰһܺõĿꡣ
ɫһ䣬һܸܺǿܽס﷢ţǽסˣһУȥֻܱ

һޱȣƺֻһûʲôڣȴԵӾһ·֮⣬һ
ˮ۾һµĲƾԾ֮ںܶսжȫˡ
ˮʱˣֱֻ۵ǰγīɫĳֱ̣۴ϸһ˶೤ɢźһ˵һож
֮壬˵ˮ˵Ѿǰٶ֣ʲôҲ£ҲҴ⡣
һ
ΪһȦѩ׵ĹɢһµϢɢȥôȥһҲǱǰǿ˺ܶࡣ
һˮľ̤ʵ˺ܶࡣ
Ź
׷걬ն
ˮհѶŹʱ򣬶ԷȴٴһھŹûܵ˿ơ
ʵ֮ǰһˮѾָоŹԽȦסȦвᱻĿǰԼյĹƣϾ֮ǰһѾֵ˵ʵ
ѼĻ̱ҫ۵ĹΣ׵С̫һϧǺɫдĹâޱȡ
ˮסʱƺֳޱȣʶһģ
ȻӰͻȻõˣȻʧˣˮһģʱʶеͼǺѸת˲ϧʱԷĻѾ̵ؿڡ
һ֣ˮ˫ȻŷĹâܣеĻƽսԻĴ֮һŶؿڴȥ
ΪˮĴ֮һѧ򵥵ʽ֮һ򵥵һȴ̱貶Ŀˮоһ̫ˡ
ͻƣ
ˮ֪֮һͣʮ֮ľͻˡ
ǵ⣬ˮŵɫϵûеʽϾͺˣˮһҲôױܿġ
Էʩչɱ̵ֱۣӱն˰۰
ЩţԹɫ԰׵ĿŶϵۣ̫ˣһʱѪѸʧ
ʱ䲻ֽססѪѪֹͣɫѾҰ׵ûһѪɫ
ˮ֪ⲢȫΪʧѪ࣬ʡߡ
ʧȥ۰սͻʧˮҲҴ⣬ǽ֪Ȼڶսʧ˲٣ΣȴǱ֮ǰҪߺܶࡣ


1697 ɱ
̧֮ͷ˫۾Ѿָ徻ֻǶһЩ֪ĳɷ֣ˮûп֮ǰĳ޺Թһǰδеַ͡ľֹˮﷴеΧܰޱȣ֮ǰѾΧˮϴˢһȾ
ˮһֱŶԺ뵽庮ҷûȷ庮ҷǲǶǰǸ庮ҷĿǰӦûʲô仯ġ
ʧ˰۰һֻҲûˣͬҲĿˮŻֵָ̧ˮ
ˮû뵽Ҳ⣬һЩٶóġ
ûбˣסˮӦþΪ˳ˮԽԽã֪Ҫõ庮ҷͱˣ׵
ˣ
һ˲ˮһΪڶΧγһӰͷޣȴԿ϶ӰʵӰ
Ӱ񲢲Ҳ˸ߣܽʵֻƺǰİֻеģǿԿ
һգʱ֮Ӱͳ嵽ˮǰ޴ǰצҵĻ
̣
гһڶϬĹɢ˵Ϣ·Ҫ˺顣
ˮ۾һֻӰ֮ԼԪ;ϵ
ˮ¶һ˿΢ЦеĻƽսͬһɨ
ԣ
ΧѸٳһյĿռ䣬޴ıֱӽΧһдݻ١
ˮûкˣס˶ԷĹұ˶֣֪֮ӰǶɱﵣΪˮûƿֻһζı
ڲһˮԵġ
˵Ķ˵֮Ӱôݵһͣ٣ֻˮѾٳѸٵĳȥ
ԡ
֮ѾָӣţѪܣĿˮ֮ӰܴܶԷôˡ
ֱ۵ҲᣬʵܵӰ죬֮ǰսܵ˲ơ
ˮŻƽսꪻŶȥֻʱ˵һ仰
庮ҷˣҲˡ
ˮŶüͷ΢΢ϲϲΪˡ
Ҳǹ߰ɣ
ƽļ˵
ˮһ㶣֮ǰʱоһ˲ŵĶ׻ˣоˣȴû뵽ô׵ķ
ˮûϱ̬Ŷȥνɱ˲ͷأɱ˶Էģֻڲ֪ǲǼɱ
ˮûɱˣе֣ɱԷ᲻նݲ
ˮһֱŶԷӶԷпôһԹޡݶֻҪͻ׵ɱûп
ˮ¶΢ЦеĻƽսûκεԥʹ˶ࡣ
ԽƽԽ⣬ر£ˮҲԥֱɱˣ˾һ˰ˡ
ȵĿˮûб˫ۣˮ˽ӦòģԺлᱨ𣬿ϧ
ˮŵµĶﲢû̫ĸˣһֽʬˮɢ
վˮŻͷصպûȥǹһźܿ庮ҷͻὫǹƿԼôڱǴһССȱڣԺķչҪ
صպһҶԺеĳߵͤ￴飬õӰ̬ƺȫ֮УһгĻ档
ˮĽŲһҶͷˮˮʱ¶һ˿ĵ΢ЦΣǡ
ˮԾľͼĵЦݣױһҶ
Զӣû
ˮһҶǰð΢΢С
ֺ˭ˣ
һҶ˵Ȼˮ·Ǹоˣֱɡ
ǹĶԶ뿪ˡ
ˮ˵ûκεĲ
һҶͷˮͷˮͷУû˵ʲôŴʱһ̡
Ҳ֪ʲôʱܰҿƺס
һҶ̾
ˮĸоһҶһȾʳ̻𣬿ɾһŮȴܶܵһЩ
ңģܿġ
ˮ˵仰ԼûףҲ֪һҶʱΪеԭս̫ࡣ
Ѿ֪ˣҶܸˣֻ¿Сһ
һҶ΢Цҡͷ˵һ̵ʥޱȣˮǷ㶣ޱȡ


1698 һҶӣ
ҶҪСһˡ
ˮǺЦ
һҶȴЦҸκ˶Կóˮ㼵ʲô
Сһﻹûгҵĵλֱ½ˣǲǻӲŰҸˡ
Ǹ쵰

Ϣܿʹ˳ȥȻû˿ʬ壬кְܶ취֪һǲǻš
庮ҷΪǹĴȻȻĳΪ˶ǹĹʵˮɱ庮ҷҲƿǹЩ庮ҷǹŻǺܸߵġ
һºˮû뵽պ庮ҷյԼ庮ҷСԺʱˮôһʱĴ㵡
ŮվһֹâĸоˮȵĲǵǵòѾǵһοˣȵŮվһպܺгƺǶһ
ôӭҡ
庮ҷˮģЦˣӵһۣⶼĵŮһһжջķ飬ʮǰĹɡ
ˮЦ˵ôᣬ
ˮкŮԺͤһҶѾڲĳϣ󲿷ʱ䶼ɢɢģϢʲôġ
ǹˣ
ˮǵһ˵
ãĶӦɣҵһһӦöɣ
庮ҷζĿˮѾ㡣
ˮεЦЦʱûпԱҲ
ˮҷý֪ʲô𣿡
յˮ
ˮʱе㲻ȻŮ˺֮ٶһЩ飬յ֪һֱǱʵľ룬Ȼ˵ʱЩΣڷһѡ
庮ҷˮ֮ӣݵʱϲˮǷһЩһӶĨĻ䣬ȴûнӴҲӴѷɫһ֡
ڹȥôʱ䣬ʲô뷨ˮ޷ȷǲϱ仯ģʱԸıһУôʱԸıܶࡣ
һ治֪ҪΪһء
ˮ˵ĺ
صȻҪأҲҪһҷýΪܽͬˣͬ˵ģ⡣
յЦſˮ
ˮ֪ΪʾԼҪʵ鲢þ˵ˣ֪֮Ϊ֮˵ҵĹϵ
ЩͿˡ
ˮһ䡣
ǲǲӭңǲԸҳ
庮ҷ΢΢ͷ˵
յʱȴǺЦĿˮ˵жٷծ
ãˣˣںϳһҲû
ˮæ˵
ǾģǴպͶǹϲˡ
庮ҷЦ̧ͷ˵
ˮŲ豭ͣȵĿ庮ҷյͺϲѾǷǳˣû뵽ҪͶǹϲźϲô׼򵥵飬ܾģ庮ҷ˵ɼǹƿس̶ȡ
庮ҷƿǹʱ̣ܶǲôģ豭ҡҡͷ˵ճΪǹĹðɣǽ˰ɣ
Щܼ򵥣еôôӣǹ˵㣬û˻ᷴʲô
庮ҷŵ˵
Ȼ庮ҷ˵ûкϲԼˣﶼףһЩʽʡˡ
óһЩƣ˼ˣҲףһҶҲˣ΢΢¡ĸûӰ쵽УʥĸϣŮЩĽ˭ʱһҶҸ

һµʱȥˣˮСԺţյҲڡ
ģûµġ
յˮе㵣ĵ˵
̥ʮ£ˮǵһˣļӶˣﲢرĵģ֪ôеţ
õҽʦ֪һҶû£˳ºӵġ
ۣ
һĺ޵ʱˮһʱȴһϤĸоƺ˺ܶණʱҲ˲ˣŷȥ
һҶˮһŮҽʦ⻹һŮͽܣʱСӣˮ˵˵ϲǸӡ
ˮӹýסСһ۾һһȾˮסʱûпޣĿˮ
۵һҶǸкֻǸое̫ŮһˮһҶ贲ߡ
յ軹庮ҷҲˣʱǲûмŽ֪ʱˮһҶ˵˵
ˮҿ
һҶɫеס
һҶΪǿȻ꺢ӣǰһŮôҲԪˣո꺢ӣҪ´һҲҪ֮
ˮСһݸһҶ裬һһҶ
ԼĺһҶɫޱȣʱɫˮرĸˣһݵ㡣
þ֮һҶ̧ͷˮҸĿһ죬ůһƬԼˣԼĺӣǼҡ
۾ˣҶÿվˡ
ˮǺЦ
ȡְɡ
һҶЦ˵ûнˮ֮ǰĻ֪ˮֻǴȤԼѡ
⺢̫ˣ˹ƱŮҪÿӲһô
ˮ˵
ôҪͽˡ
һҶ迴Сһ˵
ˮͷеŮǰŴиʵҲǽ㣬˵ҲãҲ˼Ҳá
ˮЦˣһҶҪι̣ˮرܣŤ˰˵˵ˮЦˣҶԹ¿
ȥ
ˮһҶϳÿŮ棬ǺЦĿˮˮһޱȣ֮ǰˣղ˵ȻǺܴŮΪǿġ
ûʲô庮ҷĹɣһˮѻ궼ˣʲôǹ꣬ˮڲ֪
Ů˾֮壬ЩĿ˵ﵽǡ
յǺǺЦԺɲܸˡ
ˮƤ񣬵ʱҲǺһƬĵŮ˲ģǴ󵨣ˮ޵ݣֻװûȥ㲹ӵġ
ˮ뿪ŮȥһҶȻٲһЦһҶڷҲŮڵصתƵ˺ϣǸ
˵õģԺˡ
յСһһҶ˵
ĸ
һҶȵ˵
ܿˮڵĻ˽ȻһΣһСӣȻˣҲˣοҶ֪յԸ񣬶Ժܿͻָ


1699 Σ
һǿҲæµһ죬Ƕͨˣӣָܻܿ
ʹûжһҶ˯ˣСһҲ˯ţСÿ󲿷ʱ䶼˯жȹġ
չˣȥæȥɣ
յˮ˵
ɣҲûʲô顣
ˮЦҡҡͷһҶϾŮˣչȻġ
һˣ黹ɣˣҵģȥɣ
յ˵Ųɷ˵ľͰˮ˳ȥ
ˮεЦЦҲûڼ֣СԺʲôҲֱߵԶһ¥
СԺС¥ÿһ㣬Ҳ󣬳ĺԺһڲͥԺǰкĸ¥š
ֻˮһҶסŮ¥ס£ҲһҶڵ¥ŮеһҲסģط㹻ˡ
߽ˮ뵽ӳ˲һЩӦһֱڶûй˵ϲ鿴ʱˣ̲סæʶʶ
ʱԼʵٴξ˺ܶ࣬Һ֪ܿԺжʲô
ݹеξˡ
ݹеһΣҲصһΣþû˿ʱˣˮܼȲȥԼڿѧʲô
꣡
ɹͨԼɱܾӰ졣
צ
һϢȭǿ󣬺һػãܾӰ졣
ˮıʵڴﵽʮһֱûʲôεʱʵǵõ˾޴ǿĹͨԼһЩ´ﵽǧ
ˮ֮ǰܶ๦ѾںϵУĴ֮ģѾ뵽߲ʵУҲһµͻơ
³ֵΣеľצٶǴ˵ϵĹһβǰֱգһҲãϧһȫİġ
ˮģаպãݹڴ̵ʱɣϾĴС
е꣬ϵսҪǰľˮ뵽Լľ֮оһһЩӰ졣
צʱ۾һоսͻ֮׷ԼշħЧһãرĿֲöƵˮ뵽Ǹ龰ͻἤ뵽һʵǿ߱Ȼ󱻺ӷ˵龰öôĲĿ
ˮʱ䣬ɴֱӽɾʱֳɾĺôһʱ൱ڰʱ䡣
ˮһ¾Ŀھһ֪ãֻо֮˲ܽԵľ۷壬еһӲ
һҲֳ˾֮Ŀֲʹйϵˮٶֻÿֲݣ쳣ܿѾеҪգžǰտھеԪ;֮֮
ʱһĹȥоۼһδεѭһʲôʧܣڳɲɹ
ˮڶ֪ɹʲôӣ֪ɹˣôһ֪ģվĿھѾˡ
Ҳ֪֮һƺͨһʲôȻһص𣬾ƽˮͶһʯһ
һ΢ȴǰԵ𣬺ܿӡ
ɹˣ
ˮԼȷֱԼɹˣֻһѧˣϧһʱʱǲʵġ
һˮżɾʱ꣬չĻ⣬ȥӦòüɹ
ʱɫѾߵһҶڵķʱ򿴵Ůڿĵ˵ʲôСһﻹ˯š
ˮһҶĴߣӻָĺܿ죬Ѿ´ˣʮ»̥ˣƺ
Դ庮ҷ˶ǹ֮ˮҲΪǹػȻ֮ǰ庮ҷ˵ҪպϲˮˣоĿǰ״̬ܺá
庮ҷƿǹˣǹ庮ҷʦ庮ҷнҲʦģʦˮҪ˿ѷɫ
ǹ庮ҷʦʦѾǹ棬ֻˮѾǹػûм庮ҷʦֻ֪չˡ
ڶˮպ¾磬պһЩҪˣϰףͺӵ¾Ʋࡣ
ףˮûų⣬һһ¸飬˵Ҳһֵף顣
һ¾ʱ䣬ӵľͰ죬󲿷ֶǸˣ󲿷ͽպġ


1700 Ȼǵ庮ҷ鶯
ʱһҶѾָŮͼϵŮʻǺǿģοʵǿ󣬲ϲСԺ
һҶָˣ庮ҷͻضǹˣﻹһѵһټǺæģûУСҲǲϵġ
ˮȥ·˺Զ˭Ҳûп˵΢еΣ庮ҷɫȻǲʱĿˮ
֮ǰͼΣһ̸˺ܶ࣬Щʱȥ֮ƺһĸܵǰ龰ϧǰ컵ξ֮Ҳûʲô
ôûһ仰Ҫ˵𣿡
庮ҷͣˮɫƽĹǶһģվﱾһ޴ջ
Ҹо˵Ҷ³¡
ˮ΢Ц˵ϲգϣķʽջԾһ㡣
֮ͳˡ
庮ҷûЦҲûȻûЦɫƺе΢ЦĻһ
ʲôʱ򣿡
ˮ֪ʵ˵
ߣװͿֲʲôôĪ飿
庮ҷǰһֱߵˮǰ
֮ľҲߣŵ˱Ƕر庮ҷǰͦμҪˮˡ
庮ҷ߾ͱˮ˰ͷ΢ͷΨƺһ˿ˮʱĶɫƺһξƷģ
ˮͻȻͲܿƵһģѹʱԼ庮ҷĽ庮ҷ̴ϡ
ˮһңֺ˵ʱ庮ҷѾסɬĽС౿׾ˮĿС
塢㻹˵ζˮһʱңʱǾ治ˣοŮϲѾܾˡ
ȻˮǶûиоôһ绪ǵŮˣ˶ϲǰһЩһЩ黹˳Ȼĺá
ˮ̰˱µζһ˫ֽ庮ҷıסǰѹ·ڷ
Ҫ庮ҷ׾ˮ֪ŮˣŮôûнӴˣȴûпܵԼḡѾʲô˵ˣ֮ǰеһ˿Ҳ׵ɢ
ŮںľԼ壬Ҳίȫġ
ˮ˫ǷԲΣϵζ֣庮ҷ΢΢ϢƿˮϺϼһƬϲĿˮʱĹɢˮҲֵסһץסǰͦΡ
庮ҷһˮ΢һɫæεЦЦǸҿƲסҪҪҸ࡭
庮ҷһƬɣǿװģĹĿˮ³
ˮ˼ס֣еǸ⣬Ͼ֮ǰͦģ庮ҷûе㿪ģŮΪüݣ֮ǰˮĴ³֤˵ġ
ڰ˭֪ϲ¾ͻΪҪʱġ
庮ҷסˮĲӣҵһܾˣľͷǲϣͲϲң
ҵĴС㣬ûвϲģѾŮˣֹһί
Ѿ˵ˣˮҲٽ飬˵ʵŮ˭ҲռУ֮ǰŮίҲԺŮί
Ϊǲ֪ʲôУȻϲ㣬Ͳƽô࣬½ֹѾڲ֪иıÿһˣһһֻһŮ˵̫ˡ
оί𣿡
ˮʵѾ֪ˣҲɣŮ֮һֽһͱˣͻһһ
űһоί㲻ҪңҲұˣֻܱˡ
庮ҷЦ˵
ˮ־һ£Ȼĸо˵ʲô˼룬ʲôֻܱҡ
ø磬ҴˣԺҲˡ
庮ҷ΢΢˵
ˮЦȻǸΪԭ֪ôȡһˣ仰ˮ˷ӦҺܼҡ
ˮ֪ԼĶˣȻңԼǿѹѹסĵĻ棬ֻȴһٽ㣬Դ󷢣Ҳܡ
庮ҷ֪ˮ巴ӦϾиӲĶСʵôҲš
߰ɣ㣬ȥ̲ס㡣
ˮ庮ҷŶǹȥ
庮ҷǹŵЦݣ˵ĽޣŮ˲Щ֮Աȵģƺ崿ޱȣʸţʧׯܶʱҲСŮһػ
ˮһ߽ǹȻǵһȴǺİϾʱǿͨ㿴ٶġ
ߣҴȥʦܺõһˡ
庮ҷ˵ʦʱȫķ红˵Լĸĸһ
ã
ˮҲˣϾ庮ҷȻ庮ҷôδ֪ء
ǹߵĽһֻǵǧ׸ߣͰ̧ͷȥƺһѹȣǰ۹ǲֽôŪġ
˵һֻ˵Ϊ˸õԶػǹˮ˵ǲġ
庮ҷЦ˵ʱѾû֡
治ûйϵػǹǲźá
ˮʵʵ
ˣʦסǽȥɣ
˵⻰ʱѾһľĶСԺһûС
ȥԺﲻǺܴ󣬷ǳľԺźܶĻľɽӦоУݻȴǳܰ
һѩףͷҲѩ׵̫̫ż޼Щݣĺ棬һҲš
庮ҷˣͣĭ֮鲻
ˮվţ庮ҷվţˮ֪˾֪Լ庮ҷˣûתһ⡣
һʱ䣬Ҳ㳤תʱˮſ˵̫̫ûжôĲϣǲ˲Ǻƣ̫̫ⷴĴ顣
ʦ
庮ҷ̫̫תĵܹȥס˵ĸ첲ֵһҵĸĺӡ
ÿ˶ԼıܷۣԼıܷۣˮıܷǼңʵܶ˵ıܷ۶ǼңҲһЩ⣬ˣС檡
̫̫Цſ庮ҷȻ庮ҷˮȥˮʱæǰ
ˮõõڣ˿ˮƺرĿģҲرĺ棬һ˫ǵ۾Ŀˮ˵һ仰ҷһԣҲֻܵҷ
ʦ˵ʲôء
庮ҷϾδµŮӣе㲻˼
ˮһ뵽йؼԼǾ庮ҷǾ֮壬˵ûд˵˵˵˵˵ʵ㹻ֲ
ҲһǰͬҺҷ顣
ˮɴ¿˵
Ǹˣ˵ͬ⣬һ˵ҽ飬ϾǵԭûǣңϣܴӦһ
̫̫ĵ˵


1701 ˣˮ¶
ǰ˵ֻҪģƴǡ
ˮæ˵
ҷǸĺӣϣƴ
Ŀˮ仰ûκεȴǺ֣أֲ˸о
ˮоеƣϡͿ庮ҷǲ֪ô;Լ庮ҷ飬һƺ׼˵һ
ˮȻ֪ⲢʲôԤıģһоôɺϣʵǿһۿԼʣҪģ˵Լ庮ҷһԣֻҪʲô谭赲˫ʱǶԶԷһһջ
һ޷͵飡
ǰģֻҪһžͲҷܵκε˺
ˮҲǺ˵شˮһҲѣҲһֱ
㣬һˣеģ˵ҷѾͷһֱ㡭
ʦ˵ʲôأţͲұ۸˵
庮ҷĴˣŮӱϾƤ
úã˵˵
ƺرģ庮ҷʱСŮ̬ҲһֿģҪ֪Ҳٿ庮ҷֻ̬ԼϲǰŻ̬
ˮ㿴һƬʲô֮𣿡תƻָָԶһƬ˵
ˮ˿Цˣʵ֮ǰһʱͷӦһͨ󷨵ˣİһ󷨣һ
ԷλϿţ˼ңСԺһţСԺǶһ󡣡
ˮΧ˵
ƽ֮𣿡
˿ˮ΢Ц˵
кѣ
ˮ˵ӰѸ֮佫ܻٵˮȻ򣬺ܿͻصԭ
ˮֱԼ֮ǰǰǱһ˿뷨ģΪԼˣǾ֮壬Ȼпھһս
ˮڵʵо˲ô׵ĶԸûаգоԼӦÿȫˣҲֻǼ衣
û뵽㻹һǿʦ
е㾪ȡ
ʵ֪ˮ󷨵˲࣬ϵˮĿǰûмǿģǰˣϺˮȶСơ
㲻϶ǿһɱϵ󷨣ǰȤĻǿо£Ӧû
ˮóһ
ðϲľ󷨣ϧϵ츳ʵڲô
˵⻰ŲԶķȥ庮ҷϲ˵󲿷ֶˮ˵
˿̬ӣƺһֻܰϤ֪˵ʵǶôĿֲ
㲻϶ôоеտΪڵļҾߺٺ٣Ǳ˲˲ñ˴ţһ˶ûУֻ庮ҷɵĳ
庮ҷһ裬˶ϣ˿ˮԽԽǸо⣬Ϊ庮ҷеˡ
ˮҲû㵱ˣҲϣ㲻Ҫ⣬ﵱԼļңҷҵĺһҵǹҷʲôǡ
ˮ˵˼Ҳܵ仰ϣҪˮ˺飬ͻܰŵһλҲˮ˵ĵطҲԭˮˡ
ҷʦҵĳ
ˮ΢Ц˵
ǺǣãڵǹǰˣҲǰˮҵĺ͸ţΪҷһ׮¡
ʦ
ˮȵĿˣʾ庮ҷ˵ǽ˵ҷ֪£ҲǱƲѣҲǻ֮ƣϧһֱûбǰԮҵʱӦʮ꣬Ѿȥ˰ˡ
ǰ֪ʲôǰίȫ
ˮҲǺʵ
ˮ¶
ˮ¶
庮ҷȵĺԾĿˡ
ˮüֿ庮ҷˮ¶ˣ
ֹô򵥣ǲĲһǰ㡣
̾˵
ǰе㲻ףԷôǿʵΪʲôҪʮꣿ
ˮоԷȴǿϲ庮ҷǺѴӦʮġ
ҷʶԷ֪ģҶԷҲûа취ǼҴͰ֮Ҳˣûв´Ļˮ¶ʮʱӦǿأΪʲôԵȵԭ򡣡
˵
庮ҷɫе䣬֪ˮ¶ʵǹԿģ֮Ĳʵе̫ˣ̧ͷˮҲԼҵ΢Цвû̫ĵģҲﰲ˺ܶࡣ
ǰ֪һЩϸˮ¶ʵ
ˮ˺һ˵
ﵹһЩϢܲǺȫ


1702 Կ
ǰ֪
ˮȷʵ֪
Ȼ㲻Ҳ˵ģˮ¶һֻõĽ壬Եɺʳ굤ﵽһǰδеǿȣȢҷҷǾ֮塣
ˮ֪굤ģȻеһ࣬ͽ࣬ûʲô˺ǵĴڡ
꣬رǳʮĽ꣬Ż飬ǽľɵӣڽе޺ڡ
֮ǰ˵ˮ¶Ȣ庮ҷΪ庮ҷľ֮壬ˮ¶ߵ֮ݸᲢãкܴļ̤һոµľ硣
ȻΣҲǾ޴ģȻʮ꣬ԽԽʺںܶೡϣεĶעҪ
˵ֹ̰ģ㣬Ϊ㲻֪ʱԼȥʵ̫ˡ
ϧûδ֪޷⣬ͽҲǷģֻҪôһϣ͹עһɹʡ
ûȷ˵˵ʵˮ֪˵ʵܿˮ¶֪ˮ¶ʵԿֲ
ˮ¶ǿľػԶѪһ壬óӰǿϢʶǱǿҲԷǵ٣ǺڰеĻߣڵ赸ɱһ
ˮҲ֪źܶ壬Եһ壬ŽѪųǿ츳עѰ֮ˡ
ˮ뵽Լǿĸ֪֪Լĸ֪ܸ֪ܲԷĴڣԵĻôһԼͲʲôв
һúܶ˶е־壬ǻںڰУ֪ʲôʱͻһ͵ϮеΪ˵ֿԲϧκֶΡ
һ˲Ǻܶ࣬˶û֪ǵĴڵҲǺ٣ǿ߶֪ĴڣΪǿǵλ
ʮ˸Բͬ壬ϲѪܲ鵽ǶԼóбǿ߱ȱȽǡ
˵ĲǺܶ࣬ȴǸˮ͸¶˲ٵϢˮһֱţͣʱʵмԷûǹ
ûУ
ǶԷͲҷҵԼϲˣ
ˮǺǵЦʵ
Ϊ˶㰡ˮ¶һˣ֪֮֮˵ʵ̫ˣģʵҲڵҷһӼ޲ȥ
ҡҡͷ˵
庮ҷϺ죬ϲɫǺˮһȡ
ˮɫ庮ҷ͵͵գգ۾ɰĵˮʧ̬ʧֻ̬û뵽庮ҷô󵨣ͲԼʧ̬һһúõĸˡ
оˮҲе㵣ĵģڻһʱ䣬һһ㣬ȻĻˮ¶ǰʱˣûˡ
ˮ˼ţʱ˻Цˮҿ԰һʵھپҪԼ컯ˡ
Ŷ𣿡
ˮʵ˵ԼʵǱźܴϣԼ壬Բûб̫ϣ
ҵõһԵ飬֪ҷΪʲôʵӵô𣬾Ϊʳеһǽ˵һĪԵ֣͸ɣֻܷӳá
˵óһӵĻɫӣȭͷС沼µĺۼһЩϵ·̸Ϻÿȴֳصĸо
ˮ̹Ȼɫ΢ЦŽӹͲˡ
һòô
Цʾˮ򿪡
ˮ򿪣۾һһŽɫȻţֻֻۣһзһŽɫĵ飬Ө͸ҫޱȣһۿտյġ
һ˵ζζģܺţеƮˮ֪ŽɫȾǱйġ
öԵı̧ͷˮĸϣǰⶫ̫ˡ
ҡҡ֣Ӣۣˣⶫ㻹ûмܵˡ
Ͳˡ
˸ˮʹķ˵һЩ޹ؽҪ¥ˣʱˮŷʱȥܳһʱˡ
¥ˮ庮ҷ뿪˵СԺ庮ҷסĵطﲻǺԶΪݻһסģƽʱһ㶼˸һСԺľԾޡ
ˮҲ㣬治֪顣
˵Ǻˮ¶лԼ顣
㣬ҵŮˣ˭ߡ
ˮս庮ҷЦôСǼĹ˵Ҳ֪֪
ûй㣬ôСǼ𡣡
ˮ߽СԺ
ã
Ҳãھ֮УҪȳ
һ߽ˮֱӽ˵ɳϡ
۸ҡ
ô۸㣬ղҲ㱻㺦ʦڣҿƲס˿ɱҡ
˵СǼ
ôأ˭Ǹ׺òá
ˮѹ庮ҷĽϣɳ㹻󣬲еطխ
˫ǰֹͣͦ˵磬һ㵭ˮˮһС΢΢һȻĻȡ
˵ã
ҲС
ˮͷʪ۵Ĵꡣ
ôߡ
庮ҷ˿˵
ˮ۾ӡ°͡۾Ƶʱ庮ҷסͷ
岻㣬Ҫҡ
庮ҷ΢΢˵
ˮһȻֱӰͦεɽĦţ庮ҷ·ܱܸܿܵ˵ķӦ
庮ҷ˫ˮͷУ΢΢Ϣţˮ˫ûͣϵǷ˶ѩ򣬸ŵ·ˮסǶҧһ¡
庮ҷһʹİסˮͷҶðˮҿǣûж෢ĿҲܸ㡣
ǲǵҵԲ
ˮ̧ͷŴʱȻŮˡ
ȻǣԣһΡ
庮ҷˮ
һϸˮٴξһ˫Ѿ·ֱӴ°ȥס֬ůһĻѩ˶Ϣ
ˮξиܹϧʱ꣬ˮξʵʵĳ󣬺ο庮ҷŮ˾ѾԼŮôùȥǻġ
庮ҷͻȻƿˮץˮֲֻٶˮҡҡͷ
ˮоĻرεЦЦҽǲе㲻
ϲǰᣡ
ˮ֪ԼĶˣǰŮԽԽˣˮʶǿǣ庮ҷγˮĿǣûиɲһѾܲˡ


1703 һĸоܰ
ˮܲµ庮ҷǵڵΣգȻҲпǺ£оһŮ˾ԼϲҲϾʲô
˺ŮɣŮ֮ز٣Ҳȫ飬زٵĵζƷȻķҲķʽ
庮ҷ˵ǰˮˮҲ֪ʲôԭʱԼ˵ǰ˭ܿڶܣһ˫Ůˣһһ޴Ĵ
ǲǻǰ
ˮ庮ҷɳϣƽһ㡣
Ȼ֮ǰûʵԵ飬һӵһҲǿԻģֻϼ͵ġ
ҪḡҲŲῴ㡣
庮ҷЦ˵
ôң˵ǸαӣΪܹݣΪһõ㡣
ˮǺЦſ
ҪҲˣҪŶ೤ߣȷҵ𣬲ȻΪʲôҲûң˵ѻᡣ
庮ҷʱƺرġ
ҷ
ˮ֮ǰǰҲһҷƺرܣ庮ҷоůͣϳʦֶһǣҵˡ
ţ
庮ҷ̧ͷЦĿˮ
ŮҪʮꡣ
ˮֱͦǡ
ˡ
庮ҷЦˣġ佱Ů˻Ǻɱġ
ôܣĵҲ˵ʮ꣬ǰҲԸ⡣
˵ЩĻҪúõġ
庮ҷ׿ˮļϡ
ˮûͣʱ̫һҶﻹҪ˵еһ֣֮ˮ֮ǰͻȥˡ
÷õĶҪƷˮڼɫ̶ȣԺеǻᣬһǰȻõ
Ҳһջ񣬶һ൱޴ջ
ˮ뵽Ե֣һͲĶԵݣΪ֮עϻᣬָ˻֮䷢ϵĿԡ
صպѾˣˮȥطŲɾ֮󣬾ȱ仯ˮȵķֿˮʹþС
߽һҶķ䷢һҶһڣһˣһҶںͳ죬ҲյһֱߣŮСԺ
ˮһҶ¶ĵЦݣȻ˵ˮȥǹе㵣ĵģڿˮҲͷˡ
ˣ
һҶ豧źߵˮǰ
ˮǰСһҲǸѣСһ̫Сһ϶˯ǰôСĺǺٱģڴ½ͬŴСһܽ׳
ˮСһӵסһҶ裬һҶȴкҷϵζ
ˮһ죺ûʲô
˵֮ˮŷԼУһ˵ˣһ뷴Լ庮ҷ֮ҲøǣԼ㲻ҪʯͷԼĽأһҶ迴ˮ̲סЦˣʲô
ˮεЦЦ裬һֱоԼܻ쵰ڸв֪λûôʱĺãҲԼ
һҶԼĶͷˮĶͷˮҵĺܶܶ࣬㿴ǵĺӣһ𡣡
һҶʵ˵ˮЩ⣬ͷСһǴˮһ۾һҶ裬ŮһƯ
ˮ㲻Ƕ֪ο֪бŮ˵ʱǺΪޣǲڣѡһΣǻѡǲʲôΪ֪ÿһ˶ǺҪ
ˮĿһҶ裬ˮϾǰĹģһʱʱı䲻ˣǰĹ˵ĻŮ˻Ϻ٣ˮǰĲνӴ
Ҿί
ôˮ̬Ǻ˺ܶ࣬ʱǻ뷨ǰµһҲʧ
ڸоҸˣˣԺ˵Ļ
һҶˮԴˮоرůܰ
źûã֪һҶ軹ûгԶȥԷԵˣʵʱ˺ܶࡣ
Сһ˯ˣһҶŵϣʱˮѾˡ
Ͼͺã
Ҹ֣ˡ
һҶ˽
ˮͷоǼҵĸоźȿͷ
һҶҲȥϢˣϾºʱ䲻ҪϢˮɳ˯ˮûжþֱӽɾˡ
׼ʹ֪ˮ¶ĴںˮһֱǺƽҪԣöá


1704 ǧ
˸ˮҪһλֵҩͷգоʱõʱҲȽϳҸ徲ط˰ﻤ˱˵Ҫˮģˮ֪Ҫʱ䳤л˵ĺ⣬˵Լа취庮ҷҲ˵Ҫ˻Ļˮ
ˮɾûбʵģˮѾõҩ
֮Ȫ
ƽľˮɾԼƽʱʵһЩƲ൫ˮ˵٣ʵӰӵʮ
ȶڱ߲࣬ˮкܶ๦ҲǺܴˣҪǽӵģмͣ˺ܾûд
ɾʱˮûк֮ǣû˻Ҳĺƽ뵽ˮ¶ˮĻø߰
һ׷ˣ˲ҪأԼļ֣һЩԼǲܱģҲò
庮ҷڿ˵ѾˮˣһŮ˲ǰ˭˭ˣһЩ³ŮǺܶ˵Ůˡ
ˮȡһ֮ȪȻǹӵСӴ򿪣ԥһ£ͬŽҲȥŽ֮Ȫ¡
ϥ綫
ܿһŽɫ֮ˮΧܵȴƺʥһɫķһ
ʱˮҲǷž޴ı仯һɸ͵޼᲻ݵĽ壬з·Ҫµľһ
һ־޴ʹĥˮ˵ܳܣϵһЩʹʹ̹࣬ȥ͹ȥˣϵʹ࣬һֲʹࡣ
ˮѡԸѡϵʹࡣ
뵽庮ҷ֪ʲôĸоǲҲôʹ࣬޴ʹѾЩ顣
е߲ʵѸٵתһɺȻڲϵǽҲҫ۵Ľ⡣
ˮ۾ȻϵĽʱԽΧһȦۿɼϢɨЩɽʯͷ˲ɷĩ
ɾһյأҪҩΧôһµʧʹˡ
ž
һһ
ȷǹ۶ϵֲˮ߹ǶˣˮüͷʵеֲֲоĶе޷ܡ
ͷղ棬رĵرһе߾֮ʹõʱǻһķգһСĿܾͻᶪ
Ҫ֪ˮǾ굹ǻûɣĽǺǿģÿֲݣĸǶܱϣɱˣԵ׾ٵİһֱ̲࣬ʧ
߲ʵתٶԽԽ죬ɢĹҲԽԽǿҡ
ۣ
һƵ֮ˮӵ״̬¿˵߲ʵ󷴶СһȦһŴһӣ߲ʻù⣬Ѥޱȣ˵ʵ·ؼӲһű顣
ˮĸܵɢԽǿͬһʱ䣬ҲǷһЩ΢ı仯ָоֻˮԼԽһ꣬ʱȴ˼⣬׳˺ܶࡣ
Ȼһȷһо
еѾ۷壬ʱʼ䣬һ±ľˮʵǿ˲١
˵ľֻֽ׶ֻ֪еһС֣ò׺һݣ˵˵һС棬ı֡
ȰʱѾǾˣʱʵ㳤֮һ̶ģЩʮ춼Ҫ࣬;žŰʮһȵġ
һ˵⣬ҲǴ½һ
ˮĹȻѣǿ֮ѾָֻһѪۻһɻɫ֬һ۵Ķ̱š
ֱһӽ֮ݻ٣׵ʧڿУϴһɾ·ʱ´ʱ塣
һʵˮһӿ˺ܶ࣬ʵﵽʮһ֣⶯һˮһ㶣˲䱻ϲ
߲ʵԭʮʵʮǴԭʮʮ
ȿνСҪ֪߲ʵҲǺܾöûκα仯ˣû뵽һξȻ˺ܶࡣ
ˮʵѾﵽ˰ǧһʮ
ˮе㲻ţ֮ǰǧھȻֱһ
ȵ԰εĿʼ̫ȭͨȭִʩչǧִʩչ
·ңΧĴԼĹʱ·һжֹһƺΪһ㡣
ˮ߳ʱŷԼȻֱɾҵĴ˰ꡭ
ꤣܾûиоˮڷ·챻һȴǺܺãԵģ̻ʵĳһٱܶࡣ
ǿ߻ҪԷҪĺ١
Ѿҹˣˮһ¥гԵĶ´ŵһҶ裬Сǲᱻŵġ
صɳϵʱѾ˳ʱ¹ģյޱȣ¹µһжģ
һ㶯ܿ΢ĽŲˮûжܿһӼˮĻ
ˮӵס̴ڣһҶĻӦĽ۵ˮĿС
ϧһҶ꺢ӲãߣǿҲҪһʱ䣬ˮҽһҶҲûʲô󰭣ϣܶһЩʱٹ
ˮ§ûܵ飬¿Ʋס
һҶˮһ˫һ˿Ŀˮ׵նһ˿ʥĸԹԣɢ
ʵƺǿˡ
һҶ費ȷˮʵȴǿԸоǰı仯
ˮǹ˵һ飬ǽˮ¶Ҳ˵ˣģʵһҲǳסˡ
ˮ¶ҲһﺣУˮ¶ǿ֮һôͲˡ
һҶе㵣ġ
õģôôԶôױ򵹵ġ
ˮһա
ҪСģʲôǰһ£ϾʹһЩǿ͸
һҶ迴ˮںӣæ
ˮķʽһû£ɣû뵽ΪԼ⣬ֻ˵İɣ᲻öǵġ
˵ЩĻ

ӻҪǰڶˮûԺȭ⣬Ϊڲŷ֣ԼȻѾצ൱ĳ̶ȣСҲͰ벽֮ң˵һѾСɾ硣
ʱڴԺеĶ̨СԺʲôŵӡ
ָץߣ̺֮ǿҵսͱ֮
ſĶ̨ͣߣ˫ֲϵĴⲻΣβ


1705 Сɾצ
ˮ֪ɾԼľʱʲô£ʩչצʱһ˵͵Ӧ֡
ȻˮûûйֵʹеԪ;ܸܵԼڴƺǿһػ֮
ֶܻһĸоһ޼᲻ݵĸо
أ
һ΢ˮûͣɲͣĴţԽԽ󣬵öţΧһ߷Բ֮ڡ
ڵĻĿˮΧĿУ磬ƺеƮ˺һ㡣
ˮ뵽צãػӷȻӷǺȫֻǺеһֶѡ
أ
һ𣬲Ǻ죬ҲرˮرͬʱһѨƺͨˡ
ǰˮϵĴ󲿷Ѩ϶Ѿͨˣоֻһֱ֪ϵѨϺ;ģ˵ʵӣЩҲڳ֣Ƕˣ֮ǰûдﵽЧ˵ֻеİٷ֮㼸ӿõٷ֮٣һʲô
ˮ岻ϵķһϵ
žˮȻһȭȻסˣΪʱоԼзһ˿΢ı仯ƺһ嶼Э˺ܶ࣬һȦöţȴǱ֮ǰ̫Զˡ
Сɾ磡
ˮڲ֮ʲô飬ڻûСɣצȴСˣǺûǻ
вû˵꣬Ҳû˵Ͳצ뵽Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
ʶˮСɾצ
צСɾ磬һȫĿػԵĺӣһʵ࣬κȭʽС
ˮ￪ˣϾڵʵҪƽսʩչûлƽսʽдãԽǿߣǵԽǿ󣬲Ǻѵõģ˵αеġ
ҲСгɾͣԺһγˣݹһΣϹǿҲһ죬ˮоһˡ
ˮ뵽ŮͼʮŮͼѾʮһˣһŲ֪֣ܱܲܳܲԼ
庮ҷǲǣˮ֪ҹ˹ȣҲ֪ʮŮͼӦǴʮַ֮˰ɣ
ٴδһֻͣСɣˮȵھȻͿõʽУͨƽսʩչȥ
һ;һͨͨΪԼδߵԭ򣬲ΣⶼǺ£ֵÿĵġ
صʱһҶѾͣڷһ㣬ճյ˽
ˮ裬ǵõһϢҪҪ
յЦ˵˵ȥ㡣
趼ǺӵĸʱҲû˵ʲôȴͻȻֺˮϹϵƺеΣϾһЩ飬յϲˮ˶֪
ʲôϢ
ˮʵ
ǵھʮ֮һ̶зһֻԶ޵
յҲûӣֱ˵

ˮҲһ㶣֪ЩԶ޵Ĵڣǲֻ࣬Զʵȥǿޱȣյ˵ĵԶޡ
Զ޲ǿ֮ˮȵһֻ䵥ģǳһһֻԶޣĵԶ޵ļֵ
Զһž飬޵ⶫߵʵӹ̶ʵȻǺܶ࣬Ҫӵʵȹ̣ȹ̸á
Чһʵ̶ȸٵסʵ˵ǿҵڹܣһȣȹ̣ʵͻͣͲǰ
޵Ҫӵʵ޵ģҲǴҪģҪʲô˶Գԣ޵мУû˻ȥΪ޵ʲô˶ܵõġ
޵ʵǱʵȹ̸ȶ־;߻ħĿԽͣǿӡ
ⶫ٣ҲǷƷʵģǿԶ޵޵ֵԽߣ޵޲ޣ޵ҩǿḺ́Ԫ
ʲôʵܶԸ˰ɡ
ˮ֪յȻˣô˵ӦӦ
ʵҪֲͨܿҲСģ޾һʲôԭǶҪ
ʱ˵
ʲôʱ
һҶЦʵ
죬㲻ȥģڼҺúչǵСһ
յǺǵЦ
ˮӣоһҶĺһ


1706 ̶
ʵյ˵һҶҲȥģȥˮҲȥġ黹ǵһˮҲе㼤Զޱͬȼ޻Ҫǿ⻹оһҩʦԶ޻ҩǺܶġ
ȥˮŮʵ
ϺҷӰɣյ˵

ˮȻŻһϣˮ֪ͨ庮ҷа취ģ뵽庮ҷʵˮҲûųǰ
ڶŮˣһҶǳţһҪСģһֱˮʧҰʱŻط䡣
Сһʱˣһ˫۾һҶ裬ٿޣޱȵСһ˿Ц⣬СһһҶ̲ס¶ҸЦ⡣

һҶ躰ŶӵָǷ۵ա
СһϾ̫СˣСǺ׽ȻСڣ˵СˣʵںССʱ˵ζ

ʮľˮŮ˵ʲôǳİǰģʵõʵҲǵõ޴ںǺܲġ
֮󣬰ʵ˺ܶ࣬ˮвʵĵҩͷ
̶
һˮȺɽ֮ΧĴɽܸߺܴ󣬵ɽɽ֮ľȴǺԶ߽ȥ֮Ƿܿ
һɽ͵½¶ȺܵͣΧˮȴûнֻɢŴ̹ǵĺ䡣
ߣ
յͷȥ˵ߣһѸٵǰ
ˮиʧѸٵĸϣ庮ҷȻҲ
һɽ£ɽǱ̶¿ȥ̶ô˵һ̶ȴѾ޷ȫˮ̷ĸ
ɫˮֲĸоĿǺ£ֻмһ֮
̶ֻ¡
յͷˮԼŮ˵
ˮûʲôԽԽжԽǵײԾԽǿ
ˮʱŮ˵
ţ㿴в࣬Ҳж࣬һˮ̶ˮĿûж𣿡
庮ҷʵ
ֶһֳģԳ̶ϲϵĶѻԽԽûжֻǸ綾ļһ
ˮ΢΢ü˭ҲԸжĴڴ򽻵رǿԶޡ
ˮԶǿĿԣֻߵŮûԼ㿹ˡ
˵ʵڵˮֲðôķˣʱˮȵһԵֱӴܳ£ı̶ȥ
ޣ
ˮʱˣԶҲ֣֮Ѫֻ֮Ѫ޾ܿƶԷе
޳±̶ܿʧˣˮе㵣ĵģϾǱ̶ȻǿϺյ˺ǾԵĽղ
ˮڲ֪ô죬ȥǵޣ

ˮԥʱ򣬱̶дһͳĺ·ֱһʵõֱ
أ
һ޴ˮˮУˮޣеǱޣˮĵǲûˡ
ˮ̽һ͵

ҲǷͳĺƺڻӦ̶еĺС
ˮ֪ʲôԶ˷ŭƺǺܷŭܿһ޴ˮըһֻ޴īɫ޳ڱ̶ˮϡ
£ʵУ岻󣬵׵ӻǹˣˮҲϰˣϾǰһЩʯпĴСЩȶөµĲˡ
ͷһʵǿ
һֻ޴ĻɫĻźĹΣ޴ԴһͷϢ·ڵ
˵͵ͷȮǵޣȻЩ治ֻ֪ˣûҲֻ֪ˡ
ֽýһˣ޴΢΢ƺʱпܱȥһ
ǿ
ˮͨϢѾֻܵǿͺ֮Եĸܵʵе½
𡭡
ƺܵԼı仯ŭĺͻȻȻһĹֵ˲䡣
޴ĵһˮо޴βһһɨ
¡¡
Χɽֱӱɨȥɽ⡣
ʱˮҲˣʵѾת۷壬еĻƽսȫ
Ҫ֪ڵˮʵѾܲСˣƽսꪴһƬ޴ĽɫӰ͵ײһ


1707 ֮
ԣ
һ޴ըһ㣬ˮͼŮͬһ𵹷ɵСˮڵڲִ֮¾ȻûռʲôˣҪǵĺļŮϾŮʵĲ໹еġ
ʵǱɣˮǸоܼ֣ˮһЩɱﵻûʹá
޴֮ǰˮƺѾ磬ſˮ³һƬ׵Ļ档
棡
͵˵Ļͬһޣֻǲȵģˮǲ£־ĹԺӽ߳ɵ˺ԵȻǿɶˮûʲôв
ҷԼСģǰһЭͺˡ
ˮͷҲص˵
Ů֮ˮ庮ҷĹϵȷˣŮβ˵ûб¶ϲԼҲɲ١
Ůϲ˻ãǰ˫нòã˼
ˮǽ飬ڸоѾ㹻ˣŮ˼ӽоĸ࣬ǽסջģһɡ
յķϣƽ⣬Դȷĸˮһ˳Ȼ֮ûھˮһһˮǿԸܵϲԼġ
ԼСģ
庮ҷһһԲϵĳ֣ʵǿٱյҪǿͻǰˮ£ҲֻԱ
ԡڵУˮһУɽԼǰСɣֻһ˺ܶ࣬ҪǿĶܻ־ԶܻĻǿԺӶԷʵĸԷشġ
צ
ˮצõ˻ƽսϣӷĸػϻƽսꪵԣǵҲвСĹ˼ɣرǱƽսꪴ̳ѪʱһЩ¡
ƽսꪵľԴ͸ǱǵǼ뾫ֵҲܲס

޴ӣ˺ֻǺСˣһôƤʺκʵУһˣ廨һ£ذ״һġ
ˮΪѾŭ˵ͻȻѪɫ
Ѫ
ΧһƬɵѪռƺ˺ɫҰڵǰһֻɫĵӰ
Ӱֻʮ״Сˮ˵Ǿ޴ļһ͵ȣһʮףһףֱ棬̺ſ񱩵
ѹһǿѹã
ǰլϻʨ֮࣬ǰ뷨ǾѹǿȻֻ˵治ʵͲ֪ˡ
֮
׷
ˮʱҲڱֱӽֵıʹóһ±ָ˲ٵʵֽ˲٣δʱҪǿһ˿
һжˮϵУʵĴڣԼɱﵣˮһʲôģʵıɱһ㶼ʱơ
ˮĻ֮׷񼼣һеȼҲɽİԵ֮
ѪɫԽԽˮҲеδ֪Σնеš
ȥ
ˮʶƾɽѸٵѪɫȥ
ԣ
ˮֻΪ˸һ£ûɽͰѶԷƵֻ¶ԷʵɽһѪɫӰֱӱɡ
ŵɻľɽˮûȥ̽оѾûʲôʱˣƽսһӣ
Ѫ٣
أ
޴Ѫٷ˲佫Ѫסʵʵģһһļš
ˮһѪˮǺŵģµĹҲ࣬ϳִûʧ֡
䣡
һ汬ƵˮȵĿԼѪȼˣ֮ǰˮǹ𲻿ľӦÿԳס
ľҪˮСĻľڻԼһˮоʯͷԼˣΪоѪɫԽԽˡ
ҴֱӻٵѪ٣ʱѪɫѾ˵ʵһ㣬ðںĺգ·һֻޡ

ֻͻȻһ𷢳˾޴ĺС
޴ſ׵ĳˮֻѪɫĵȴǴһɫ͸Ļ棬ֻߴ
֮ף
ˮһﰵˣˮǿ󣬾ǿԺӽ߳ɵĹû뵽Էɱ֮ײС
֮һʶ𣬷һ˵ʶʶ˳ܲסͻΪ׳ֲˣҲûжôʹ࣬Ҳʧ䣬ʧȥֻ䣬гΪɵӡ


1708 øС
֮׵ٶȲ죬ȴһֿȴ޷ֵĹһĹʽſ赲Ȼֻܶܡ֮׶ʶģĿľݣˮų֮Ҳһͷ
ɽֵһΣϧˣɽǱֱﶼֵסˮҲûƽսꪳˣһֵסԼҪֿˡ
ˮǿ󣬿ɲһǲԸⳢԵģϾûԸķʽȥԣһСģˡ
ˮҪ˶ܵʱһⷢˣ֮׾ȻһԵ庮ҷȥٶȺܿ졣
ʧɫˮѾûʱ˼Ȼ˹ȥʱ֮͵һתһû뵽ˮ塭
ˮһһ䵽ĸоѸٴȫһʼŮŵĺܿʲôҲˡ
ˮܿ͸оԼ·ҪһһֵĸоһɶʶеͼҲѸٵתƺҲǰΣ
ˮνǿˣʹɸоԼ·ڱһκθоҲܶʶס˴롣
ֹ޷ֵֻܵأһζķزǰ취ֻܷʱֻʧһ·ɷҲûа취
ˮʶܶɻѣ۲ӣû֪ʶڶ
֪ڵ龰Σգһ˲䶼пŮ뵽޻棬ӦÿԵֵһ㡭
ˮһˣʲô¶䣬ԽΣԽܼһ˵Ǳֻ깥ڵˮ޴ʹ
棬ʱǿôζȶŽɽɽ
꣡
ȻˮڲܶǺܿ뵽ΣѾܾãȻûдﵽСɾ磬ҲǼͻơ
ˮֻ֪ʵģûйϵ֪ɽӴ˵Ĺ֪ϻһЩĹܾǰһ
ˮļסһ㣬ǿԵֵɱĹǿǿ꣬ҲˮȻԭ
ҪǾһֱûСɣһֱûõԭ򣬱ϾûɣʹõĻִ̫١
ֻѾû취ˣˮһԡ
ˮһתƽʱ׺ɣȴǷܴƺرļѣһǿߵ࣬ѾǿˣʱҪһɽ¡
ָܳоǴﵽһԵȴƫƫܳȥˮںܼ֪Ѿʮ𼱣Լûʱġ
Ҫǰľƣǰһ£ҪѸٳȥǰһǼޱȡ
ˮ뵽һҶ裬뵽СһûµСһﻹûг뵽ĸף뵽˲׺£뵽⹫庮ҷŮΣա
֮Ȼת
ƺһɫĹοʼɢ߲ʵܵ˽İҲѸٵת
ˮһƬ͸ƺһǿ־ˣߵŮ˳£ԼǸˣȻԼŮ˾ͲܵΣա
أ
һɺȻӵɢһص˲һӳȫ֮ǰĸоʧҲԼƿأ⻹㣬ʵƺҲõ˺ܴ
ˮȻۣ庮ҷԼŬĶܣ޲ηĵֵŵһδαķɣȴϻ
ŮǱ֮ס
֮׵ٶȲǺܿ죬ˮоʱӦùȥ٣ȻŮһ£ԼˣˣӦûдĻﵽСɾˡ
ˮ۷ֱ庮ҷյϵһ
庮ҷˮסʱһϱϲҪ֪ˮǵĹǣ֮ǰˮԲѣʱңͬյҲǣھôĲִǰˮҲһֻǲΪԼѹ
ˮѹ庮ҷĵһѱסˮˣ
˵оȻ¼ᣬҸĵᣬ庮ҷˣˮҲһů⣬ӵӵ
Сģˡ
迴ٴη֮æѵ
ˮ庮ҷŷ֮һ壬Ȼ̽

һɫӰǺɫĵħƵӰֻһɫСҲֻʮңȴرʵӵ
꣡
񣬾꣬Ե֮ͣ
أ
һƵˮȵĿµӰֱʧˡ


1709 Сɵľ꣬
ɱ
ˮû뵽ոմﵽСɵľȻôǿˮȴǿޱȣŷŭɫľԶĵ
ˮ˲飬괩˵ֻûзκЧû˿˺
ػҲе㲻˼飬пˮҲ޽⣬ˮ֪ܻܲΣȴ֪Ųǻۡ
ˮʱѸٳʶľ꣬Ϊڻ֪ǲĴﵽСɾ磬ʲô
꣺ǿ֮ʱصȫʵһԽ˲𣬵ȴܹ֮ԼһЩ֮Ĵڡ
ˮˣﻹǺܸ˵ģеñʧȫʵһ͹ֲˣɱ֮һйֻֻܹЩ֮Ĵڡ
뵽Լǿ;ǽԪںϣھĿһЩ˾ͲһЩ֮Ĺˡ
ˮѾʧˣһﲻٴͷ֮ףѪɫķʽ
ˮâһֱٴһֱ֣ӽѪɫ
Ҫ֪ĹʽǺܺķѾģڵʵѾ˺ܶ࣬ˮѾʼˡ
ˮҲø˵øͷŹһߡ
Ź
ֱӽĺ·סʱˮʵٴηһֱŵ˹ȥеĻƽսꪴһ貵Ľ⡣
䣡

֮ǰͬǣڵˮһֱӽǾ޴ϴʮƽѪģſֲĹ
ʹĺУ޴Ļβ͵ˮɨȥһ쭳Աȼβɨ޴Ȼˮҧȥ
ԡ
ˮʱҲֺȻĸоĴ󣬻ƽսԹʽצԼʹ
ۡ
޴ĵһѪŹѲҽˮ뵽֮ǰһȻ庮ҷΪӺԼһŭ
ûʲôԴ֣֮棬ܿˮͬһѪһѪȾһʱĵѾһϢ
ʱˮʶ߸
ˮһ㶣Ůǿŵأˮɫ죬ûüҲˡ
һʱ䣬뿿һЩŮҲѰ֮ˣȻҲˡ
ʱӦҲǳġ
ˮЦſŮʱͷ֮⣬¶һʺ죬׶һ˿죬һ˵ľޡ
ŮˮģǶһ㶣Ǻܿعյ֮⣬庮ҷ軹е㲻˼ɫҲ΢졣
ˮޡ
յǺЦ
ʱɣʺܺãϾ֮ǰĺΣգǽٺһַʽ
ˮյġ佱еЦãʱԶѾӰǳһֻɫľ
ٶȺܿ죬ˮѾޣûаѵսȥûֻ׼һϺöûҪȫŪȥ
ˮ˰֮ͣѾܽˣϾء
ɫʮˣˮɨһ۾Ѿ֪ϻһˣˡ
Ѿ˺ܾˣû뵽һǱǽȵˡ
˵Ǹˡ
ˮüֻẠ̊́ܶһĸоʱ˵˵ڶʮڵλܸߡ
ˮԸܳ˺ᣬǾԲ꣬ʵ濴ˮʵҲġ
һѩ·һȾܸɾĿʣϿʲôȱ㣬Ǹղ˵Ļˮᣬɫļãƺʲôڡ
ˮŲǲǽڣֻ֪ԶԼ򵹵ģοһΧҲպͶǹģʲôط˵ˮĶ֡
λǰ𣿡
ˮû֮ǰĻ
üˮԡѪȴе㾪޵ˣȻĿ⿴Ůһ㶡
Ů˼ɫɫҲΪر庮ҷĹɣ˻ǣȻޱȡ
ˮе˼̰ǺܺõĿסԼƾԿҲ֪ԷʵǿΪˮ֪庮ҷжֲ
Ҵ¶ллҸ㶨ֻ
ƽ˵˵˹


1710 ¶
¶
ˮһ㶣¶֪Ĳ൫ǾģΪˮ¶Ͳ¶Ĵڣʵ൱ĴڣһҲǶʵ
һˮ¶Ѿˮоˣʵһʱ˺ܶ࣬˲屶ھǺˮ¶ӴҲ֮ǰôûеˡ
һ£
ˮˡ
Ŷʲô飿
˿ˮϺƽƽˮ֮ǰˮڿŮʱвһΪֹˮʯ
Ҳ֮ǰǾ仰ʲô˼Ե޹ʵлʲô
ˮֱӵʵ
֮ǰˮȻ֪ܲʲô˼ϲǿҪôСȡˣҪ¶Լĳª
һ㶣ȻΪˮ֪ʲô˼Ҳ֪ˮ仰ҪʲôֻǲԼ˲¶ɸô˵һӣͷΪߵŮˡ
ˣҪʶʱӲֵǮ
˿ˮƽ˵ƺһŵЦݡ
ˮ˵ĻŤͷߵŮЦˣԭ˾ȻΪԼڼŮǰӡ
Ŷ˼˵ǲ¶Ҫǿˡ
ˮЦſˡ
ɫһҪ֪¶нĴڣﺣ¶˭ǹ֣ǲ¶ĵϵһǺҪλã츳ʣǽֲ¶Ҳûпܵ¡
Сӣ֪仰ĺ貨¶ĺ㸺𡣡
Ȼüͷ𣬵зȵ˵еâѾɱ
ֻԼ֪ɱΪ貨¶ĻȻҲйԭŮ仰ֻһõĽڡ
ˮȻˣ֪鲻ˣǸµˣرǶԷŮϣ̡
һſڱտھǲ¶Ҳ֪뿪¶ʲô
ˮм˵ԸЩǿеʵĴڣ仰Ǻɱġ
һɫڱˣСھĳû˵˵ʴϻͬȼʵҲǳҲһ鲡Ҳųǵİ
һ˵ȻзӦϾ̫ҲûзϣоˮҲǵͨ仰֪ԡѪҲͨԼƴнʵˡ
֪û񱳾ǿԼֱˣ˶ԸⱻϣرЩŬϣ˿϶òɺӣǵŬҪġ
˶лģѪԵģοо·
ΪԼʲô֮ܣΪԼӾͲ˷ˣҽ֪ԼΪǶôĲһ
ŵĿˮ
ˮЦúãүǡ
ӣ˺ܹ죬硭
Ϊ׵һʱе㵣ĵ˵
壬зִ硣
Ĵ˵Ļ
е㷴Уƽõ㣬ڱˮЦְ֮Сӣƺ治˵Ķһе㲻ġ
˵ʲôһȴסˡ
˽лǲ¶ƿǵĺˣڵĲ¶ǻƿǣСһӣҲ츳ʾѵһڲ¶Ҳǰġ
ʵһˣһ˳ͷȫϡ
ˮһ͵˵뷨
Ϊˮ֪֮ⲻھơ
ģӮˡ
ҪӮأ
ˮЦſŻ
뿪Ϊǡ
˵
оѾ൱òˣǰˮԲôˣʱûͶԷʲôͷϣ˵Ҫò¶
ñӻҪѹһѹġ
ʵˮ֪ˣô¶ǶˣһֻģֻϣҪǽ죬ϣһӾ˫ﵽˮݵĵزÿһطеĸоǺܲõġ
ˮҲûа취ʱ˶㣬ЩҪͨҪ㵱ɵʯûа취ֻӲͷƤϡ
Ҳ̫С¶ˡ
˭Ҳ˵ģʱ˵ʲôҪֻҪöԷԶı죬һЩͻֹᴫȥҲб֪ʲô˵ʲô
óһϴԡһˮǵһμоŻƽսꪣеϢת۷壬öţ˸оˮѾʵǿˡ


1711 ࣬һ
ˮŻԽԽǸо죬һǳһһ
ӲӵģɢˮͨԷҲ֪ԷԲڲҲоĻƽսꪲһЩ
Сˣ
һֱˮٶȲ죬ĵطһƬɳһĶ
ɳ
ϧӦûң˵ɳ۷壬Ŀ˲佫ĵطɳĮ顣
⹦νĻɳֻԶʱй궼û˼ˣԸǿߣһеǺǿ֮֮ģսʱǿɱ
ɳﲻֹЩЧɳ֮Ҳĵ̣ʵʩչһЩսҲƶֵһЩ
ȻֻСɣʵܴ⺣ǽΧƺΪһСɳĮһ
ˮȻ֪ЩɳĮֻһԪγɣֻʱģʵԽǿʱԽ
ɳˮܵ˻ʵͬʱоڱԼܿˮԼо귢ǿİԵ֮˲ָо
ˮ̲סЦˣǰԵˮоԼľйϵƺѾ뵽ԼʵС
һɰԵž澭Уʮ쾭ؾһ˲ƺһжѾΪһ塣
겻Щһʣˮûüͷһ˼顣
ӿȥ
ȻǻǣȴһˮϹγɵһһԪĴڡ
أ
һ΢ײոպײľֱӱ𿪣ƺӭһ
ˮһЦǰԵԼʶл㣬ȻԵ𡭡
ˮҲ֪ǲǸͷ֪Ҳôǵģ˵ˮԿƵģֻʱԵһܿԡ
ʵˮҲõģΪеǾ͸˵ˣȻƽʱǶģˮǡ
ʵˮ뷨þҲҲˮ֮ǰΪʲôûֹԭ뿴ںϻһʲô
ڿô򵥡
ɳŭ
еġȡһӣһ޴ĻɳһĶƺһʵ嵣еɶת쭵һɳ˹
ڴɳںһɳһĶħſֲĴƺҪˮһȥɳſµĸ£ǿ
¶ƼҵĴɳӣɡ͸Ӳȡ
ˮɳҲûʲôð취һһʺ˹Ҳǣǡ
ˮоɽʱԸֶ״Сľɽ̫ˣԸĹЧ̫ãֹǺܺõġ
ˮԪҲǲԣþɽɳ
䡭
ɽڱǰҲ˺ܶ࣬Ըǰɳû·硣
ȡ
ɳ;ɽײһ𷢳޴һ̶·Ҫ˺һ㣬ΧѳΪһƬա
һ۾ǺĻɳ˽¡
ˮȻһ̤
̤
֮һһľѸӶΧֱڡ
أ
ɳ裬ΧһƬζվ磬ˮ۾ŶĻûб̤ѣס
Ź
ˮӰһ͵˻ĸҲеĳֱһ˦һˮһŹȴ¡
ˮ۾һеĻƽս
ˮʲôսʹû֮׷ֻԼֵֻҪԼľԲʹû֮
ԷʽˮĹ˿ѷɫҸӸͣ˵һʮᣬˮֻᣬʤֹһ
ˮʱʵҪǲȻǿǲ˾أɲžݵġ
ԣ
һӴһײˮûȴѸٵĺˣ嵹ɳȥ
ˮûʹóȥȫɱھͺͲ¶ӣˣʵˮС֮ǰӦò£Ҫһ
ڵĲȻܴ󣬵ڵͬеٮٮߣǲ¶ˮ¶ҲǺ٣һҲ˼


1712 뿪¾
˰컹ûסһѪ֪ˮˣҲ֪Լˮ֮Ĳࡣ
ˮһ仰Ҳû˵ɫҰһƬһεĴʵ̫ˡû뵽ˮʵôǿ˿صô
ˮû˵ôĿ΢Цſȷ᲻ᷴڣ᲻ߵһԼǽһսˣˮη壬ƴҲҪȫ
˰Żһӣιһŵҩſˮĺ⡣
ˮƽĶӣܿеķŭ£Ѿ˴̬֮
ʱȴ˵ˣˣ߰ɣ
λĻжһֲţԼҵʲôʱԹĿҪǳ˿һķ
ķʱķ
ʲô֣Ժһֻġ
ˮ˵ʱѾָ֮ǰӣϲ̬ȷʵѵá
ҽˮԺģʱȺ㡣
ˮν˵ͬʱҲ΢΢ɿɲھͺͲ¶Ūòɿ
ߣ
һ˺ܿ뿪ˣˮȴָоݣʱǾ仰ֻǳ滰˽Ըˡ
Ѿˡ
ˮʼ޴ļһȴȡǣ޵Ȼڵ˫ҲҩģѪĸεȡ
ˮƤ͹Ū˺ܶŽɾ
һСȥˣˮҲϴһһɾ·źṲ̊ϻȥ·
ܿ͵պһȥͿһҶվԺеǣǰȫĻϹŵ΢Ц΢΢üͷҲչ
ˣô
һҶ迴ƽĻǵİΣԲſʼһǰջ
Ȼû⣬ǶͷСµǲ󡣡
ˮɵ˵
һҶһˮ˵֪һ⣬Ц˵˵ɣڿƽΣҲ֪龪һ
յʱ򽫷ŵ˵һ顣
һҶ軹е㺦£˵ģ֪˽ͲرĵģٹҲܳסϾ֪˽
յ˵ҲһԭģǽȻˮһһҶ裬һһһֲء

֪ǰ¹ȥˣӺƽһգˮ¾ƣҲûʲô̫ˣֻ˺ٵˡ
ˮЩأǰЩ̬̫ˣԼԼʵԼļʵ
庮ҷȻǰϾҲСһĸˮЦű㣬оСӻ㲻ô
µȸճʱ˲٣ŽɫС·µСǿû˵СһﾫͷܴһҪʱʱ¡
ڻС˭ҲУϾ̫СʲôҲᣬһ˫ˮһĴ۾ƺʲô档
庮ҷˮнӹ㣬ˮСһȻôСĺӺܱŤŮӵһܰɡ
ôϲӡ
ˮЦſ庮ҷ
庮ҷĵİһۣΪˮζ֪⡱ȴϹһߵӣˮ˵ʲôʱҲһӡ
ˮ֪庮ҷǹģŮǸһЩʱ˳ԲһҶߣֻεЦЦ֪庮ҷǿһҶ߲˵ġ
ˮεӣ庮ҷЦĵģˮһʱȴֻ̡
ˮˣҲȥ¥¶棬߿ɣ
һҶЦ˵Ȼߵ庮ҷ߿Сһ
ãȥ
ˮҲ뿪˵庮ҷŮˣÿȥջ˭ѾȻĹ˭ôĶ֪
ˮûߵ·һЩ˶Ǻˮкˮ൱Ĺ˭֪ܽʶǿԼҡ
ˮҲûʲô𣿡
ʱһˮĻͷԶһ˵һݸ߸ˣᣬĲǶô˧Ҳֻ˲ҹά
ˮûŭΪһϵˣһ˵ڲ˵ˣоԷѾˣûбҪһʶ
ˮЦſݸ߸ˣôƺôġ
ˮһЩ֪һЩǲģǰһûв´Ӧû롣


1713 ңŵı
Ǿ仰Ƶζ̫ˣֻһ˾ˣôֿһأ˵ˮʶҲܸܵԷϢֻǱԼҪѷɫܶ࣬ϾԼһʱ䱩ʵվͬε۷塣
Żеġ
ǣ·ˡ
˿ˮɵЦ
Ŷ˾ǿˡ
ˮЦ˵
仰Բˣ㲻ģȻ˰㵱ˣҲҪи˵ӡ
ΧѾʼ˽ˡ
һô£ôۣҲʲôطⲻ𡣡
ǣĻɫ̫ˣΪԼˢӲ֪Լ뷹ˡ
ػ˲һʶ֪Щ˻᲻Լۡ

ˮҲ£Ƕӵ¾ƣĵãʲôʱԺ˵οҲûаѶԷҲûиоôߡ
ˮ֪ԷʲôҲû̫Ȥֻǲ֪ԷΪʲôԼԼӦ֮ǰûмԷǰӦ֮С
ˮ뵽֮ǰͲ¶Ĳ죬ǰЩӦòԼĶ֣֪Ϊʲôǰ
ǰǿˣֻҲʹҾƣôǴң
˵
˭ܿҲģˮüͷԸ££΢Ц˵δƽùĨˣ˵ɣ˭ġ
˭ģΪ˭öң
ȴǴЦʮ㣬ѪʢɫԽԽ졣

ЦԽЦԽȻɫԽԽ죬ˮоԷϢˣѸʧˮûüʱЦȻֹ
ˣ
ˮѾоЩԾˣѾûϢˣû˵ʲôһȴͻȻվүүôˡ
ˮоһıĿԼߵ磬һпʵ˵ļ򵥵ıбҪ
ˮͻȻ뵽˵һ仰˭ģΪ˭öң
ˮ۾һ䣬ʱһһ𿪺º̧ͷˮ㺦үҵıɣ
ң
ˮˣˮоôˣǺ׵ıĳ庮ҷĻԼһˮ¶Ѿ鷳ˣû˲¶ǷһЩ졣
ֳһң⺣һĴڣһϵĴм壬˵һľ޴ߣǼΣյѪص
ұˮ¶Ͳ¶˿ѷɫΪݣĶһûԸҡ
ˮûʲôϵҲûмˡ
ңδƽǹģ
ˮõĴȵ
Լֻ˵Χ֪֮ʵԼһˮԭ˲ҲˣҪռһ֡
⣬ǹүЦүˣΪǻܻȥֵǺƴˣүҪүһ
Ǹºƺߵ˵ˮȴǿ۵Ц侲
⡣
ˮĵ׸Լ
ңôүġ
ˮЦ˵
º֮ǰ˺ȹľƣȻƺ׼óһУ˲䣬ںڷڵҫۡ
ж
ΧȺһɧ
Ҳ˵ˣҺʲôޣȻĵֶү
˵֮ǰȥѾʼڣо綾ס
ֶζôɣˮûб仯ֶ̫ˣȴЧˮڲҲܲ³ⶾµġ
ֻˮ֪ԷΪʲôҪһ·
ʱӿʮˣΪ׵һ΢ϵˣߴͣȴһζ߸һˣڲͣ˵ʲô
ɫҲܿ˵ܲã֮ǰº˿һ˺ľս߹ȥүͨ
˵˭ġ
˵Ӳ纮
ˮŶ˻ˣֻһߣģˣʣµľȻˣȻЩ˲ⶼˮҪĶࡣ
¶үġ
ºתָˮ
˿һˮȻºˣһ˫۾絶һ·Ҫ˿
ºȻ﷢£㶢﷢飬е㺦ȴû˸ĺ˶ӣ֪Լ¶һͻ
һջĿ⣬ºһеһ˿ҡ
˿ˮɱҵӣ
δƽ֮ǰҶʶǣҲǣܸɱ𣿡
ˮҲ


1714 ʵΪΨһս
ˮ˵ŻָѾȥǸˡ
Ҳǵ֮ˣҲе֮ͨϾģҪˮҲ
ҵҸΪɣ
˲õĿˮ˵
ϾӣȻҵˣǲҲϣƽ߹һڶ࣬⣬ŭġ
ôɵļ޻ҲеЧò˵˾ȡ
ˮҡҡͷˣȻǸºˡ
˼˵ɼ޻㣬˵ɺġ
֮ǰҲɣɣʲôһԼġ
Ѿǰء
ˮЦ˵
ҡҡͷˮ֪Ҫ˵ʲô۾ûлܿǲԭǸˡ
ˮҡҡͷ֮ǰһûпûиоʶѾס𣬿˵еһֲˡ
۾һٿɵʱȴǷֱúõѾˣһֱסɵĲӣ
ȿȡ
һ۾ʱɫһͰ͵˵ϣȿȡү
Ϊʲôͨ
˴ĺ
ͨʲôү
ɽ¶˼飬кµɫһ֪ġѾͨ
үү
ʲôˣ
Ѿˣʱɨˮ˲򵥣ҲųͲµ֡
ô⼸һҲǲ
ǻȥúʡ
˷Ըһһ˺˽⼸˴˻ȥ
ˮɿ˻ͨʲô黹е㲻ˬ
ʣˣˣ˺ˣͨҲ˴ȥˡ
ɲƵ𣿡
ʵѾ֪ºˮ޹أ彾ԸûйϵҪ鲻ô׵Ľ
ˮ˵Ļüͷһ壬Ȼ֪Ӧòô׾ʹ˰ݣû뵽ҪԼɣѵͨԼҵӡ
ˣҪΪ¸ñ֪ҵΡ
ˮˣֻ˵ûйϵѾҵľ磬û˵ʲɣ
ˮȻ£Ҳ£۸ͷˣҪһζãоûбҪûеɽˮĵز
ˮڸˣȻԷȣΪԼӺôԼҲûбҪ˼ǵӡ
۾˲絶һƺҪˮ˺ѣôûûб˸ϹһʱŭȴǹЦ
úãһͻǵһα˸ϣҿûиҵ
˴ʱߣ֪ܿԼƺߡ
ԼӦôߵģο滹ˣѵΪ˵ʵܸо˵ʵǿĪԼѾͬȼĸ֣
֪аʤ֪ʲôǺȻ֪ʲôǼҲ۸ˣ˭Ҳ۸ҡ
ˮ˵ȴ
ɫһ䣬ܵˮ˵ɢһǿ֮ǺȻ˵кȻ¿޼᲻ݡ
ˮҲоĺȻƺǰǿ˺ܶ࣬ȻɽѾ뵽߲ʵУʧ
ڲ֪ô֮ǰʵŷʱ򣬺ȻƺǿʢҲס
ػˣǲ˭ҰǾԶ
һ˴˵Ѫգ֪˵⻰ʲô
ˮֽѹס˵Ͼ˻ߵ˶֮ûʲôô
úãˣһսΣӮˣ뿪ԺԲ̤һһ͸һ
ƽˮ˵
ãˣҪҵɱӵˣ֪ʲôҡ
ˮҡͷƽ˵
ģ㲻˵Ҳ飬ֻ㣬ҲңҲС˵ȥġ
Ƶͷ˵
ˮſ̤ϣ֪Ѿزֻһսܽսս˫һӴ̽ͷϽ˾ͻʵ˵
ȻˮҲ֪ԼʧܵĺԼʧܻܺܿܲңûԼպ֧ţڱУﻹҪԼ庮ҷʦţƺУȻҲ˽Ը庮ҷһŻ¡


1715 ˮʵ
޳վڿܣΧĿѸٱ䣬ƺһ˿ɫ粻ϵӡ
Զߵĺᣬ˵еԶ߿ĴڣȻûеȵǿ󣬵Ի͵ѪҺ
ûмֱ˭ҲдˮԼģͬԼģʱһìɶ೤ϸ̣ͨɢѡһɴ̱ǵζ
ζǳȴţҲñӶŵһֱζ綯ϵζһ
ˮü֪ìһһЩģȻǲǿҵĴ̼ζ
裡
˵ֱӣˮͷֱеìһӣΧһӲϸСߣƺװƷһƯгɱĸо
ЩС߶΢İڶ赸һˮȴ֪С߳ɱ
һǹƳǣ
ˮĻƽսûκλڵĴ˴ѵһһ˴ȥ
ƽս֮ɫС߷׷ʧܿбС߶ϡ
ƿŴĻƽսꪣһƬأһҪ֮һսһ̽˵ǲӦöģر˫֪˴˵ʵʱ
ԣ
һϸС˳ŻƽսȥܿˮеʲôҲûˡ
̶̵һѾø֪ԷʵˮҪʤһֹвǿ˭ʵǿĻôҲˡ
ɫѿôҲû뵽ȻӲӲûһ˵ʵǿһʱԽܡ
ˮʵǶô⣬Ͼڵʵ֮ǰӽǧʵﵽڲʵǶôֲ
˵ɫѿⲻ֪㲻﷭֮ǰȻо˲û뵽ôǿ󣬼ֱ
ŰԷһѵģڿﻹ䲻ô
ˮǵ˵ˣЩҪˣˮˡ
צ
ˮ񱩵ûκμɿԵĹţһ߹һٶȺܿ죬һ
ƵĹûˮǿߵ·ӣϧûˮٶȿ죬ֻһζĵֵеĿֻԼ֪
ҧţȻǿһУһǺеλģ챻һ˴ܣҵܵСӰ졣
˱ž޴ѹˮսȻԽĸо˳ˮмĵɳȥ
ȻˮûҪͶԷƽ֣ûǸҪҲûɱڻңǿҲãСҲá
㲻Ҷ֣߰ɣϣ˭ҡ
ˮ˵
Ƶıȳ˻֪࣬ĽαûȤ˾˾ͲˣûʲôʵǸʵеĸоһ
Ƶ̬ڱļסҪˮ̫ᣬɵѹܴоԼˣˣѹܡ
Ƶͷû˵ʲôҵļ뿪ˣ뿪ıӰܳأرƵĽŲ
ˮҡҡͷ֪ҵҲô׾˵ģʭӶ˲ծ಻ѹҲںٶһ
õģ˭Ҳ¡
ʱ庮ҷߵˮ˵
ˮ޲ɷŮˣԭԼ￴ŶԷʧΪԼأЦҡҡͷֻе㵣ǡ
ǵǣûʱҺͽ趼ʱܾˣûµģȻһĹɻǹ򣬲Ȼˡ
庮ҷЦ˵
ˮ֪˵еԼ֮ǰһҶǲǣˮ뵽ˮ¶顣
ûˮ¶ô죿
ˮƺܺ档
ҲŲ޸
ҪǷء
ˮʵ
һƴ
ƴأ
Ҿɱ
Էʦвأ
ˮʵ
Һܶ鶼Э鲻ܣҲܳȥһʮٱǳ
庮ҷ˵Ȼˮ
ˮϹŵЦݡ
ЦʲôǲǸоҲظ飿
庮ҷ˵̧ͷԶİơ
ûУҸоܺãĺܺá
ˮ֪庮ҷһЩ˶һЩۣһЩʱıġ
ҪҼ޸ҵʱ᲻֪ôһ᲻óȥԱסǰһС
庮ҷûлͷͳ˵
ˮͷһ庮ҷƺŵɵڴ½鷢̫̫ˣΪȥⲻʲô
ˮ΢΢վǰٻӰһôĹ¶


1716 ÿ˶ѣ
ˮǰһû뵽庮ҷʳ⣬ҲЩҲܵʵĲпᣬѵԼûģ
ַס˫ԼӣŻ˵ҵֻۣҪһžͲκ⡣ˮû˵飬ֿ庮ҷеĮӣôˮǵһο庮ҷеĮ
庮ҷүүˣѪԵϵѾûˣʦʦܶ࣬һθµĻԼӦӰ٣ǲȨ֮ƶо̤ʵϾ׵˶ˡ
庮ҷˮЦˣһЦûƽʱģȻɻ񣬵ȴǶһ˵ࡣ
ԭļǿƽʱǿһŮˣƺԶǽ㣬ôķޣôĹǡ
ѾͷЦҺۡ
ˮ۵˵
庮ҷסˮԼϵ֣ĵЦݣһЦٻʢһʧɫˮԺȫһЦա
Ȼǣ
ⱲӶ˦ҡ
庮ҷıסˮ
Ҳá

¾Ȼһ⣬ʲô˾ͨ˶еôϡ棬ǰ졣
ͨзҲЭжһԲεѪߣǴ½дա
ͽȥ˾Ͳ࣬ˮûôˣвٲġ
ߺˮͼŮڿ£庮ҷǹĹҲˣŮ۾ѩȻ֪ˮ庮ҷ֮䲻岻ס
յеƣԼҲΪʲôͲԼԼǱ󣬿һҶһǿʵߣֱӿԺԲƵġ
ûˮ֪Լ⣬Եֻûе뵽Щﻹеġ
֪յһֱϲˮҲﲻæԼڻìأȻˮദȻܺõһ֪һֱԼԼȵãԼ屻
ˮҲǴӣܸܵյĸ飬ǲϲҲҪӱܣԼҲ֪һʲôо߾ȱһ嶯
庮ҷΪ嶯Ƕǰµһӣһѿѿǿֲģյһֱû﷢ѿɣ
ˮһ᲻
һҶ豧ʵ
ӦûʲôʱΪʲôͲ֪ˡ
ˮЦЦ
ˮʵǲˡ
迴ˮͻȻʵ
庮ҷʵҲоˣֻһֱû˵
ţһЩԲ̫ġ
ˮɵ˵
Ҫ⣬һǺбġ
һҶӵ
ˮڣû£Χ󷨣ˣӽ쿪ʼҲҪѧ󷨡
ˮ˵
һҶǰѧһˮҪǾŹͺϻ֮
ŹһҶͿʼѧϰˣ񾳽ҲˣյŮҪʼѧˮצҲ̸ǡ
ụֶ̂ͱĲһֶε꣬ݹ˵ˮĴй

պѾˮһ󷨣Ǵֻûзѣ񲼸ˮ˵̫ˣοɽʯˮ
ӵҲƽˮҲƽƽӶˮ˵ҲܿɹģҲ֪ƽӲ̫Ƕǰƽ
庮ҷѾǹˣϾкܶ
ˮɾһ̫ȭȻצȭǺţȫĵĸеϢ˶ת
ӵ֮иҲһǺҪѷɫ̫࣬ʶǾһ̶ʶҲҪΪûһǿǣûǿǾǺġ
ˮĵﲻ߲ʵ֮ȣ졢ǽЩֻڵʱˮЩõǿ̣ŵЩҲԽԽǿ
ʱǻȥһԣƺռݵ壬ˮ϶֪òð꣬涼Լ˭˭ûʲôӰ졣
˵ǣһȫ治֪ռǺ»ǻ£
Ը³ԣٲԸȥԣŸոСɾ磬Ժ˵ɣϲ˳Ȼˮɵĺá


1717 ޵ƵԪ
ˮһͲٶˣ֮ǰģ˳Ȼɣ
ˮٿŵһЩϣЩѾ˲ʱˣȻǶɾʱ˵ġ޵ˮ˶ޱȵ޵״С޵а˴С͵Сˣ޵˵Ǻܴˡ
ˮҩǿԪĿǰԼһҪԼ̫ҪŮȴҪԪǰֱӿһһ󲽡
ԪˮǻģһʼˮƵԪѾˣŲϵĲͬεĲͬԪЧҲ᲻ͬ
ɾڵʵرĳ֣ԪѾ㹻ˣҪˮڵĲϺܳ㣬Һܶ඼رĺã֮Ȫͷʯݵˮ
ˮһʱ佫׼룬ҩЧģӳɹʵĵȣˮЩ׼֮ǰѾ˺ôһƬ
Ƶʱǿģȴ˳ڴģȻˮҩþûӾ飬Ҳ᲻ʱƵҩֻƵĴ˺ܶࡣ
ҩֿʼˣֻӵĺǻľˮѾעˣʲôʱʲôʱ㣬Ҳûá
죡
ʱˮƳ˵һ¯ûʧܣɹˣֻţˮһԪ㶣˵Ƕҩŵ˻ɣ
Ԫ̱Ԫǿʵİٷ֮壬ÿһӰٷ֮һʵһʹʱʵͻƵǰһϣʵȼ֮ıƿ⣨ͻ֮ıϣÿ˻ֻʹʮţκηʽãκЧÿֻܷһš
ˮ³ԪЦˣԲǿʵİٷ֮壬ҲԼİٷ֮ʵȹ̣ʮžǰٷʮȹ̸ٷʮҲһ˵ʵȹһ룬ǿʵǰһ󲽣Ӱٷ֮һʮʱٷ֮ʮ࣬Ͼǰʵİٷ֮һ
ˮٴƣڶηͬȷĲϳţĿţһֱÿζžûӡ
ֻţҲˮĿǰֻܳţĸˮǺܿĵģһȻͲ¶һЩ鷳ջǺܴġ
һԪˮʹ˵ϲٵĲϣǡġ

һξµʱȥˣƽޱȣˮպһҲûгȥˣҲЦˣ˯ʱҲˡ
һҶȫ˼ǷСϣˮϲһҶ豧СһﶺĻ棬ܰ޷ݡ
˺ÿ֮⣬ˮԺԼĺӣԼŮ˺ͺӣ
ˮı仯ǺܴģϾɾʱʵ̫ˣˮצԽҲԽԽߡ
ǶСɾ磬ڵСɾǰСɾҪǿ̫ˣ˵ߵĲֹһ㡣
ֻ˵ʵӵĲǺܶ࣬ʵսȴҪߺܶ࣬Ҳǿ˺ܶ࣬ʽҲӺܶࡣ
ˮڴצĴɾԲ磬ʵҲӺܶ࣬⻹оԲ֮ѧиĹս
Ůÿ춼ˮѧʱ󷨣оǾŹŹҪǺǱ˴˵ں
һҶŹѾˣֻ֮ǰûʲôʵˮľþŹͻΧ׷Լ½أԼˮͬʵһҶС
ʱˮѾԪʹˣܵԼʵ֮ǰ˺ܶ࣬һֱоԼʵȹ̣ĸоȹˡ
һ֪Լеˣʵŷ֮ǰʵеϡ裬ֹˡ
ˮʮʹϣʵȴǴԭʮﵽڵĶʮıʵѾǴ´ˡ
ˮ뵽һ⣬ͻһǰıϣˮ֮ǰӦǵһƿӦͻƿɣиоƿƺСһ㡭
ʵѾСˣϾͱ˲һӵľҲˣˮﻹǺģʵ˲٣ؼǸоǿ˺ܶ࣬ͱһֻһٳһٳٶȾҲ൱ʵǿˡ
ˮǿֱԷӵ쾡£ȻģˮԼŮҲʹţһηûͻһűϣԼŮʵǶǰ˺ܶ࣬Ҳȹ˺ܶ࣬ˮһԵЭʵڿٵǰ
ǵʵˮԼޣԶ޵ڵкŵƺ޵ø


1718 Σɱ
ҲˮĵģϾˮҪǿ֣һʱ䷢һЩоžԽԽ΢еġ
ܾ֮ǰˮһԼޣȻ޵ʵԼǲȱٵĴڣڻϳ֮⣬޺֮ء
Ҳԭˮ֪ԼӵʵԼʵʵ̫죬Ҳһֱûó
ͷ͵ȻѾΣϧʵʱ̫󣬳æ粻
ֻʹԪ֮ʵҲǷ˺ܴı仯ʵ֮ǰ޵ʵҲڲϵֻǾǺˮʵ̫
ı仯ġ
ˮһֱĵĽһη˾޴ı仯Һ͵һҲܻˣһͿĴ󺺡
ĴӣıСй֮޲ֻθӵĽ׳ˮܵʵʱѾݡ
ɱ䣬һһɱ䣬Ҳˡ
ıʵﵽôʱҲڲϵ
֮սõٱʵ
ˣڱˣôı仯ˮֱš
֮¿ȥ̫ͻȻˣԽܵĸоҪԽܣϾһֱʵڻȻԼ𲻿죬ԲֻһοȺܴ
çײʮ޲𹥻ʮĿꡣ
û䣬˲٣Ǹ޴ͻơ
̤Բ磬һٱʵĹһļΧĿ֫ľ޷ж
ٴˡҪҪܲöԷѣס֮ǰʮʵҲãڵһٱʵҲãû̫Ĺϵ
˲ǧ֮˲Ծ
ս˲һɵԷǿɱĿɵٶȣһʱ
շħʩչǧ֮ڵĶĿ꽵һɵʵĿ겻Գٸʱһʱ
Ӧÿ˰ɣϾڽʵ˺ܶ࣬ˮĶӦҲһս֮ˡ
ͻ˲䷢ٱʵĿ꣡
Ҳˣֱ˺֮ܶ࣬أӦ֮ܵơ
棺µĺ󹥻дƼЧͬʱʮеٶȡ
ۼףսķ͹Ӷʮǿ͹ĸ
ۼҲˣýķ͹˺ܶ࣬ս޵츳ս
֮֮ǿľѹƣѹʵһɣĿʧȥսѹƲǾԵġģս
֮ģǿԼʵٴı󲿷ֵĲ״̬
ˮŽûٶʲôѾˣҪ֪ڵĽڷĵ´ﵽ˽ǧʵοŽһȫʵԼٶȺͺɻ׵Ѿ൱ֲˣȺɱܵɱܿƣǿսʺϸֶӵս
֮ˮŻعӵʵ٣мˮһЩҲˮʵѸٵԭ򣬲ʵӽ򣬻ˮҲвǧʵڱʵﵽʮˮ˵ѾǺܶˡ
ˮڵʵҲǼֲھȫʵﵽǧһ㣬ǧʵҲһЩˮ
ˣ
ˮе㺩Ĵк
ˮЦˣûˣһˣˮͿˡ
һǽϴɣ
˵ڤôġ
ãҲְɣ
ˮЦ˵оŽ󻯳ɵĴеȺϢɽ
ҽ󣡡
ˮͷֶô򵥣ڤͷڽֽ
ºˣֵǺüǡ
ˮͷͷеϲ壬ԼҲôǿ壬оǿ׳һҲ
ߣһأҲһװ˵ĸӣǰǴˣҲУֻӺܶ࣬رǻһЩ壬͵ߺҲɣ֮ǰѪһ壬ǵĿͷ͸Ӷ˦ˮһء
ʵͿͷСûϵ½˶࣬Լģ֮ǰҲ룬һͷҲƵġ
ºˣԺͿԺԼһսˣˮǺ˷ܵġ


1719 ڤֲʵ
Ƚڤı仯ˮҲǺܸп˵ѪԽԽǿˣڵԼƶϵҲֲʲôô
ˣѪȣ
֮ǰ˵ѪǼǿǲ֪ôֵģǾ֮ǰ˵ȫǷˣӦ˰ɡ
˵ıʵҲﵽˮов⣬е٣˵սƺǿ
˵սԼƺǿܶࡣ
ڤ죬սģõٱʵʹκս͹Ķ롣
ٱȲϽ֮˵ıֲ࣬ܳԽ
߼У˵ǿٶ߰ٱļٰٱ
棺񷢶ǿĻ湥ڵĻԷһУпµƻڷ˵ǿս湥һٱĹ
죺ս湥Ӱٱܵ˺еֿʮűģ
ڤ򣺷򹥻ٱĹ̺ſµıƵʱٴη
ܵ˺ʱɵļԡɹһɱ䣬ʵһ
֮ģǿķ֮Ŀ÷˵ٴܵ˺ٴμ룬еļһġս
֮֮ǿľѹƣѹʵһɣĿʧȥսѹƲǾԵġģս
󲿷ֵõһȫͻƣҪڵ˵ʵڻյ´ﵽ˽һ
ˮ֮ǰ˵Լ͵սһսʤԭˮԺӴ󲿷ֵľɵҲǼ˺ұˮ˿ѷɫ
ʵǿһ
һֱǲ£׷ҸϹģ˻αһЩʱ䣬һ˦ܶࡣ
ҡҡͷǺ£ԼұѾˣûκĵĴڡ
ͷı仯ˮҲ⣬ǿ͵ޣǶôǿʵжǿĿ
ʵﵽˮҲˣƺıʵҲһؿڣͣ
Ԫͷ츳սõʵٱġ
ԪҲܴﵽ͵һˮԽԽʲô
ʴͷ뷢޵иǿĸʴճԣ͵˿ǵҲԿϣ˺һٱ˺
˿ƣͷԷһ˿ڶҾйƣٶȼ죬˿ճԺͶԸǿʵĶٱ
ʴͶ˿ֻʵĶٱȫʵһٱֻǱʵһٱ
ͷǿľ˿ճԺ;ԼԣǶôµĹ
Ⱥ֮ף޵Ķǿ񣬿ĹߵΪͷ룬һʳ룬ıĹ
ˣȻҲʵˣ֮ǰǲʵġ
˿ɣսģٶһٱ
ͷİޱȣżǿĶԺʹ͸Ч
ܣͷķǿ
ףսͷٱļ̡Լ˿ļ̡ճԼԡһٱĹͳ־ģ
˿þͷʵʮԡӲ˿ճԡʮ
ͽԼȣʵֻһǧ⻹ĺͻյ¡
ˮ֪ǿڿϣ˿ļͺճԼԣٶȣԼĿͽս
ǰ֩ǿܶһЩ˵Ǿ޴ڵ涼ܱ
仯Сľˣˮ֪˵ʲô
˵Ǳ仯СʵӦǱ仯ģΪ޵ʵֻнһٵ֮ǰ˲ٱ
Ǵ֮̿ޣɱ¾֮ޣ֮ǰԲһ֮ȴʵٱȻɲ࿹һЩʵ͵ϮӵĿֲ
ٶȡ֮ǰǿ
ˮҲ൱ڴģ;ͷһҲǿϵޣ޸ӿֲһ˲תǬ
޵ıʵﵽһ˲٣˵ǿֲ
׻壺޵ĶеٱʵģתܵмʽԷסͬʱԵԷй
׻ˮû֣ҲޣֻǻûȫɳѪľҲǺ
׻ͨڵ׵֮Ĺʵʮ벻óһףд΢Ч١ӦЧۼӣ׻ĵʮ֮һ
ǿһΧһļöԷԣΪʮű
սõһٱٶȣ
ٶȱ֤ϵ޵
׻ǿĵǿ׻֣һٱʵĹٷְԶԷʱͶԷʵйϵÿʱʹʮΡ
֮ŭսģ׻׻ű
׵ڷгӵ⼫ǿʹ׵˲Լ߳ƣָƵٶȱָʮʱʱÿʹ֮Ҫһʱ
׼ףսģսףԵɵ;񹥻ͬʱűȫʮķ
ͬھԼ˳ɵƻȡԷ˳ɵƣ˺ͬӣҲʹÿµĹ֣˫ܵ˺ͬھֱ˲ҪĿһֻʹһΣʵʱɹʺܵͣʧܺûκӰ죬Լʹãֱʹóɹÿʹʱһӡ
޵ǿֻٵù׻ֻٵ˺Ըʵ͵ģˮĵҲֻеԺ;Եˡ
ˮǺܿĵģҪ֪ԼҲˣҶǾٵġ
޶ǿǿҲǺ׹ȥοǷԪ٣Ԫȹ̸ڿٵʱҲǾ޴ġ
ˮûо֪ǸÿĻѹŮǾٵģͻƵǰʵ֪࿪ء
ˮȴԸ⾭׵ǿԼ壬ʵԽľϧ;һΡ
庮ҷڵʵǿȴûڵڤʵǿ٣ˮת𵤵Ǳܼʵǳ˽󣬴ﵽǧʵ
һҶŮʵȷʵһأʱǵʵǵ츳ѣ϶һأʹԪ¸ȡ


1720 ˮ¶
ˮ֮⣬ŮҲǵõ޴ͻƣһҶľͷˮޣİ庮ҷһֻţ
ˮһοֻţʱҲǾޱȣԶ֣˵кţѪֻţӺͣ޴ӣ޴ţǱǰţӻҪͰٱ
̤ƣϵƤҲɫģ˳ۣͨľϵźܴĿҲһֻ۾嶼ޱǿޡ
֣ʵȹ̣ѪƺҲһЩ΢ı仯ʵõ޴庮ҷ֮ļŮʵҲǲѷɫ

µʱı˺ܶ࣬ˮоԽԽɣ޲٣ֻóľ⼸ֻһʱʱŲóˡ
ˮо⼸ֻҲ㹻ˣǿǿĿƣбĿйԽϣ˭鷳
ˮڸоԼǲе㲻֪ߵغʵһЩҲǿһЩʲôҲˣ滹кܶԼʵǿܶĴڡ
ϲڵ𣬾ϲʱԼ֪㣬֪㣬ˡ
˾ڲСвϵǰһζĲ֣֪㳣ȴֲܷչ̲ʲôʵã²׷̫ȱݲŻо
ʱˮչСһʱ䳤һ㣬ҲԸһ֣֮һҶΪҪ԰ӣҲôźһԶżŮ
ƽʱûµʱˮҲửлϧһֱֽͣ׶Σÿ춼ửһСһĻ
ҲỨ˵ĻˮԼǰԼݻһᾪ׵ġ
þˣˮѾþû뿪ⱱˣٺҲ;ֻȥһΣ̨պ岢ûڣħò
ͨԼһȻٺãûΪˮ뿪ʲô̫ı仯Ȼʱˮʱܺ䶯ҲҪʱĵ粻Ϊ˭˶ôǿ
ͨҪԼչһңάõתˮ̻һٵĶܶһһѾҽ緶ˡ

ˮڵӹüȴֳ֣ﻹе뷨Ǽ˻Ů˺ܶ඼Ǵڷ״̬ǣĵطɡ
ж־ķˮûʲôԶ־򣬽һжһִıƳģûʲôҰģƿر˵Ҳǿҡ
µʱҲûиˮ˵˭ڱˣˮоǲ¶Ͼûʲôˡ
˭ԻǸ˵ǣǸѾ˰ɣҲֱ֣ӶֺҵǾŵġ
һˮɱԺɢʱ˼ˣǹģ˵빬ȥģ˵ˮ¶ˡ
ˮǹ˴һˮ¶ˣ£ǻвһʱ
䣬һ庮ҷˣ֪֮ﻹǺܵĵģֲܲȥǶ㲻ģ˵Ҳܶʦġ
ˮе䡣
߰ɣȥˮ¶ʲôˣ
ˮЦ˵ɫɡ
ˮɵɫ֮庮ҷƺҲôˣһƺκ鶼ɣʲô鶼ӭж⡣
Ҫȥ𣿡
庮ҷ뿴ˮ
ˮͷϾбڣ˵̫飬Ҳ̫ܵĶ庮ҷǴˮпʲôɫһ졣
յŮҲҪȥģˮ㻹СԼһȥǹѾ㹻ˡ
Ů֪ˮԸ񣬾Ǻκα仯ģر飬Ҳûٶ˵֮˵Сһ㡣
а𣿡
·Ѿ庮ҷˡ
ôˡ
ˮҲǺҲϾԼʲôǻ治֪
ǲû㡣
庮ҷеɬ˵
ҲµģİɣҲԽĺͱģȻҾһİա
ҪûаգǲǾͲˡ
庮ҷץסˮһﲡʵ
ûаմҲϣ£ֻˣΪҿԷѾĻûѵǵ顣
ˮ˵˸ͳĻ
һǹˮ͸оԾǹһЩԲǹˣЩƺеᣬǹһһ
庮ҷɫеѿˮ¶ʲôˣôôˣһ·ϿĲˣʵ൱


1721 ˮ¶Ķ̴
ˮҲԽԽˣҲ˵Ȣ庮ҷˮ¶ĶһǿģʵǿģʵΪλû㹻ʵǲܵġ
Ӧˮ¶ˡ
ˮһһߺ庮ҷǹĴȥһ·˶ں庮ҷк
û߽ˮ͸ٵеļǿϢſڳǹĻ֮⣬ǹĻӦˮ¶ˡ

ǹĻ庮ҷ庮ҷĵͷˮŴȥ
λ˵˹֮˲ڡ
һˮ¶Ļվסˮüһ˿˼ֻЦݡ
ˮһ㶣ȻҲ֪еһˮ¶Ȼˣô˵е˽⣬Ӧ֪ԼĴڣûжķԸȻôο֮ǰҲ˵ˣԸĳ庮ҷκڡ
ǹˮ¶ˮ¶ڵֱûаǹʵˮ¶ûаǹ
أ
ˮûж庮ҷֱһӳȥֱӽǻĿѪɳȥ
ǹûеָֻŵĵز
庮ҷ˵Ŀʣµļˮ¶Ļ
ҷˣ
ʱд˵˵ܴ飬Ц˵
ʦ
庮ҷĵĽһˮ˽ȥ
ˮԼ֣ܿģȻûʲôʵԵĽӵҲˡ
һȥˮŵˣ˶һģˣȻţĿԿ޳һƮݵĸо
˵òҲǺܿʣֱͦıɢһɳϴһ׽ȴֲɽӽЦݡ
ˮ庮ҷĽûվûôˮֻǿ庮ҷٿ庮ҷˮŵʱ̲סü嶯һ£ܿȻˣһֻͰֶֻˡ
ˮȻ֪˵뷨˺滹վˣǿ΢ϣ˵ˣǴʱҲڴˮ
ҷˮ¶Ķ
΢ЦΪ庮ҷܵ
ˮ͸ʲô飬ˮָо׮¾˶ٵһûˮ˵ˮúչ庮ҷĻһš
ܰԼ˲׮µƶߡ
赶ɱˣ
ˮͻȻ뵽һʣַˣԼǲԽԽˣԼӦû˵ġ
ã
庮ҷ²Ĵк
ҷƯԽԽÿˡ
΢Ц˵۾ʱˮ˫֮кͷһ̲׵ĳˮƺȥ
ˮһû뵽˾ȻҲԻ˵ķԼ㹻ǿ󣬸ǿԺӲ߳ɵľԻҲھҲˮ׾ٵĶ㿪ԭ
ˮ㿪ҲǸоر⣬ɵĿˣ˺ܿһرʣΪǸСڲŷԼˡ
룬庮ҷʲôˣôҸСΪֻҸٵԼ̸ģȴǷӦòô򵥡
庮ҷʦʱųЦλˮҷѡ
仰ǡôʵܲˬģѻãõ֣ɫƽĿˮδ޵֣ȻҲܱ֤ǲǻܰá
΢Цſˮɫƽ˭ǲǷŭ
δޣ֪ҷ٣
ˮЦˡ
䲻⡣
ϲҷ𣿡
ˮЦʵ
ҾϲҪȢ
ʱֵҲƽˮ⵹ǻشҪ˵Ҫʲô
֪֪ϲ㣬һˣˣԼĶҪزסˣİɣ
ˮĿˡ
ˮ仰һ˵ɫˣһǴ䣬ƺҲ΢΢
ˮͨʶѾһ⣬ܹˣ˺Լ״ľ޷ԭ֡
˵ĹܵǻУ˵ʵķҲǺǿģмŮ˶ѹǰǿֻⷽܺͨûΪ˲£в硣
һͨ˶ûʲôֻһŮˣҲԣŲ¶ʮŮˣһƻоԼ̫಻ǿʲô


1722 ҿ˭
ʹû˷ֵ˾ֻһͨˣǾûκһ飬ͨˣվڵλþҰ
ʹעǲܱ˷ֵģҹҽʦҹҩʦüĿȥģϧ޲ߣھһδεĴˡ
ȻˣҽʦҽΣ꣬ϵǿҵʱŮ˸ò㣬һԹ·һĴϡ
һ͵͵ˣֱ֪ɱˣԺ᲻ʱķ걩壬ߵŮ˱˶һ֮ˡ
Щû֪ˮ˵ͻȻڴ֮ͥ²·һһߵŮ˵£ΪŮ˺й
ԽԽߣסˣȻǲܳϣˮЦ˵ʲô
˵㵤׸Ҫľ˴룬Ϊǿ󣬹Ƴ׾ͷϵˣҲǿ֮ĩ꣬꣬ͻ᳹׵ķϵ
ˮӵ˵
һˣˮ¶ǰҵĳɹˣǾԵˣΪһɹˣǮȨŮˣֻǲˣӦڽǮȨơ֮ѡһĻӦöѡһɡ
һˮ¶ûзɫȵѿΪˮ˵һֱƶûȫκãЩˣÿ궼һ㣬һʼȻеǿߵŮ㣬ʱ䣬һѾǿˡ
֮ҪȢ庮ҷҪԭͣ庮ҷǾ֮壬̩кܴļľգµľƸԭ
ΪʲôҪȢ庮ҷĿġ
֮岻ôģǾ޴ģһʧԼȴǾˣܻظǻˣȥʲô˼
ðգ֪Լֵܼʲôʱ˱Ķͽöǵԣرɽˮʱ򣬶ʲô¡
ãҲмҪ㣬Ҳϲ㣬֮ĻԼǽɣ
庮ҷ˵
ˮ¶Ҫ˵ʲôֱӱ庮ҷ仰סˣԽķŭΪˮ˵Щ庮ҷôᶨĺԼԼһҲΪԼǷˡ
ˮһֱڿˮ¶оԷܿҲ뵽˶ԷȢ庮ҷĿģϾڴ½˫޵Ĺϡ棬ϳ˵ľݺˡ
û뵽ˮƷһȻô䣬ΪмӾͲ˷ҲǼƽϣ̫ᣬ˵һ飬Ҫҷȥˮ¶ġ
ˮ¶ˮƷɫָȻ˵
ҲߵģѾϲˣҲίκˡ
庮ҷҡҡͷƽ˵
ʦһֻ΢Цţû˵ʲô
ҷߣ˭
ˮƷվȥ
ǣ
ǣ

ļֱ庮ҷȥʱˮǰһһεɽһƳ
ҿ˭
ˮЦſˮƷ磬ŷս⡣

һҲģ߽ӽ΢ϵ䣬һֱˮȥһˮȥ
Щˮ¶ұۣˮ¶İǾ޴ģʵǿĹˮ¶ĵλܸߡ
ˮ˵һ¶мЦݣԷûиоԼʵ˾Ȼȫ
ˮ˵ԽԽ˵Ҳöţߴӡеһϵתڡ
ԣ
ˮȻƣֱӡ˵ϣһƵĹѵ
ۣ
˵ŵ˳ȥڱеѪ硣
һУһн˴ˣ⻹ˮģȻ˵ԱסʹҲ군ΪʧʵҲ½롣
ͻȻıΧһƬžһļžˮƷʱҲǲ˼ĿˮһУһнԼµһɽϵ
庮ҷʦˮ¶Ц⣬ǵģ̫̫еҫۡ
ˮƷҲûпʱʣµļͻȻһˮȥҲ֪˼֣һܶԸġ
ˮһס庮ҷһ˵Ź̤ǣ߹ǡ
һӱֱǵĺϻˮˮƷ磺Ѿˣǻǲ֪˵ĻҲʧ
ˮƷڵ鸴ޱȣ˵ʵôʹ˵ĲһʵӦûµЩˣôͻȻôǿˡ


1723 ʮɱˮƷ
ɱʮɱ󣡡
ˮƷ粢ûΪˮĻʲôı䣬Ҳ߸Ϻ绽ôᱻһδɵСвңЩ¡
ˮƷķԸжûΪˮ֮ǰһ֮еһԱŵʵ˵֮ǰһж˵е㲻ʵ
ˮųļλ¶мһ˵Цݣǰ
ˮ˫ΪУڿΪѾǲɱˣȻҲûбҪˣԵ˵ʴȾǶԼпᡣ
ƽսꪣ
׷£
ˮӰ庮ҷһеĻƽսֱӽеһ˶ʱԱߵһݸ߸һˮģ𻨡
һϢᣬˮɱһһֻǷ֮أʱˮҲûͣ£庮ҷʱ˵һЩŹĿھʹãȷеĸһ¡
Ҫ֪似ԼʵսнѸ٣Ҳգر̡
⼸˵ʮɱȻʹõĲϧʹô˶󷨶Ըˮȴǲ֪Ѹٵļӿǵ
ˮ󷨷ɱǣ󷨷ɱǰҲҪʮɱ󣬻ҪȶԷͨöԷ֪еһЩɱк
ٴʱ˶˲Ծǿ˶ɱɱǻͨϧʱʶʱѾˡ
庮ҷҲˣһɱһˣˮƷ翴庮ҷҲһƬʱˮ޲ֱӰʬΡ
˵ˣԼǵǵ˿
ˮˮƷЦѾվԼ֮ǰ˵һ
Ϊ㱾¾κεңҲ̫Сˮ¶ʵ
ˮƷվûжֻЦĿˮ
ˮҲЦſˮƷ磬ͻȻеĻƽսһ̡
һֱѸ٣ͨûһɫȴô財
ۣ
ѪĽһѪ
ɱﵡ
ˮջػƽսꪣǵһһս۵ˣСҺܱĸо
庮ҷɫ΢΢һ䣬ֱڲŷ־Ȼˣһֻ֪˵ҺͲ¶ƺУ뵽ˮ¶ƺҲ
ںܾȣΪˮȻԷһĴڣѸٵĿȥǸˣȷԷһġ
ˮʵһͿһģӰһĶ֮ǰ˵һ壬ͨ¿ģͨĿԿһЩεĶ
֮ǰһڵʱˮԼͨ͸֪֪ɲԷ֣û뵽Ŀԡ
ˮűԼˣû뵽һģôСĶʵ̫죬ֱһɱûи¶Էʵ
ˮһǰѻĴ֮һ뵽˹ʽԼצٶױȣʵ޻ȴֱµɱ
ٶһ嶼Ӳһ
ˮƷɫ䣬һξΪһʧһλһǿߣû뵽Ȼû¶ͱɱˣԼ֪һôء
ˮԼڵʵѾһȫµʶǾԼڵʵĲǺˮ¶һսҲźܴġ
л֮׷ս⻷Լ󷨼ϾŹⲻԼޣԼ󷨵ĺ͹⻷ʵ١
ˮڻ뱩¶Լ޵ʵԼӲһˮƷ磬֪ԼʵͬʱҲ֪Էʵ
ˮƷ綯ˣһˮһֻȻĳ
ˮ죡
һľ޴ӡγɽˮ֣ΧĿ·𱻽һ㡣
ˮѾԲתļ£ϱ϶ھĵֿԻȽ׵Ķ㿪ˮƷĹ
ʨӡ
ˮ۳һʨӡˮƷˮӡײȥ
ž
ˮԼʨӡʧˮɻڣԼ
һǹƳǣ
ˮеĻƽսֱӴ̶һɫһˮȵǣһǹƺ̺֮
ž
һˮʧˣˮ˿ȻһкˮܺӲ߳ҵľйϵҲ˵ˮʵҲǿʢ
߼У
ˮʶһۣˮƺˣƺΧһжһ㣬˵״̬ǱһԼٶȡ
а
ˮƷʱóһɫɫĳĳߣɫӨ͸ӫתɢºϢˮ˼䶼ΪеĸоѾ˳ֵĻƽսꪡ


1724 ʥߴߣ֮
ˮƷϵϢӵʱˮüͷˣΪǰ˾Ȼʥߴߡ
ˮĴмгս񴫳֮⻹һʥߴߣֻʥߴ߲ս񴫳ߺħ֮սģˮһֱûе£ֱʱаˮƷϢʱ֪ǰ˾ȻʥߴߣҲǴ塣
ĴǱ˴壬ʥߴҲ֮ߣȻǰ˵Ĵ壬ҲƵĵطúȻһЩ
°ΪΣΪ󲿷ԴתȻ۷壬һһж̺
ʥߴߵı־аԵߵ֮Ե߲ܵõʥߴС
⣬Ȼʥߴߣϧˡ
ˮųˮƷ磬еĻƽսꪹϵӭȥˮƷˮûһ˿֮ġ
צ
֮
׷
ϢоˮѾˣΪܺͶԷսƽҲϾԷˮ¶۰һ
ˮҲΪʲôˮƷܳΪˮ¶ĶĴйϵҪǿΪˮ¶ǧֻҪһĵľܵõ޴
ˮ¶ʲôҲ˵Сɱ˵ûкһ˴ﵽزЩԼѾ˱仯
ԡвϵķ޴޺ˮ˶Է֮󣬾ȻǿܺͶԷսƽˮƷʵ׶ΣˮҲ˿
ͨˮƷˮҲ֪¶ԼҵĴʵʵôԼҲ˵ʱˣҲġ
ʥߴҪĻ£Ļ壬ؼ֮ȻЩΪãʥǿ֮ȻӴ㲻ˣԶֻͣʥߵĴԺԶܵҡ
ˮߴ˵˵ҲʵҲΪ˼ŭˮƷ磬Ѿģ˴˽Ҷ̣˹ġ
ˮĻ絶һˮƷĻЩǳĵοʥߵĴ˭֪£ϷϵѾھԼİκãⱲӵǸͷˡ
˲Ҫ˵ƲܼãѾõܶˣʧȥһҲһζĵõҸеòҸ
ˮѾôĺһ˵ˡ

ˮƷѾ˱ߵıԵҪ֪Ǵŭۣ˶ۣһһǾƴϧ
ˮƷˣˮͬھῼһ¾ͻӦ

һ֮˲ˮƷ壬ʵҲõ˲СʱˮƷ翴һ޼᲻ݵ
ˮϵĺȻͲɽϢҲǿ󣬵ˮƷִĴȻǲ˺ܶ࣬ϾˮϢֻһǺȻˮƷȫִ֧š
ʥ
ˮƷеаͻȻһʵһԪγһѾ޴նȻȻˮնȥ
䣡
ΪУˮ˫۶Ǿ޴о˵ϤϢǾԪϵ
ˮͬʵ̤Ź庮ҷͳȥʶһɽǰסǿҵ
ԣ
ϧǾɽֻ΢΢ĵһֱӱնɣˮնȥƺû˿
֮ף
ڽ𣬻˽𣬶ˮĻɲһĻǻھĻ֮ףҲֻˮʲܽһʩչ
þͺˣԭﶼˮʹƶ֡
Ȼзɣ˽𣬵Ȼǿ̫Ļǲ˲˽𣬻ҪƣҪʵھԵʵǰʲôǲ԰׵ġ
䣡
޴ĺΧΪƽأˮҲǿסˮƷĹˮʵָĿ죬ģÿһζȫС
ˮƷҲԽԽľ潻սȻκβСӣƵˮ֮׷ʧһٶȣʧɵʵʧƵĻġ

컨꣡
ˮʱĻž綾İˮƷܶʱеηηβʱ䲻̵ĹȥˮƷ緢˵ϢƳ˿ûһƣĸоϢɳȣʵԼѾе˳ˡ
첻Ѿˣǳ׵û˷̵Ļᣬɽڲûգ庮ҷһҪõԼϣֻҪԼָܻʵͻõʱһС


1725 ȣҽΣ
ˮ֪Էʲô뷨Ҳ֪ԷôԼǧУˮɱĲ㣬ǲ㣬ɱͱѡ
ˮɱҪһԭǶԷںܴΪԼɱҲԼĥ
ˮ֪ԷһŹ庮ҷģϾо庮ҷΨһϣ뵽ˮͲɵüͷ
ʱˮ¶Ҳߣ
һ£
ˮͺһ
Ϊˮ뵽ʥߴһص㣬Ǵ֮ǲõʥߴеģԼˮ¶һֱ˽⣬ԷһǰȻǿƣΪǹʵˮ¶ܴ
һܶԷѹ˻ŮǺƽһᱻΪǺջˮŮ˵رĲá
ˮԲںЩҲʲô飬庮ҷҲںˮǲҪǲˮ¶ΪݵĵˣĻһСģߵŮ˰ȫ治ܱ֤
ûԶĵˣҲûԶѣˮ֪ˮƷĲԴκˣţֻҪʲô⡣
ܺ˻ǻˣ˲Ϊ𣬲ˮƷǲʥߴУǲΪ庮ҷˮɱģĿĲҪɱˮ
ˮƷ纮ˮҪˮסҲ˵ˮ뿴˵Ҫ˵ʲô
˵ɣʲôܺҷԼ
ˮ˵
ˮƷܲˬ庮ҷϣȫϣ庮ҷϣֻҪκֻҪžͲ庮ҷ
ӦףǲԼģΪ֮ɣ´ʱûʱ򡣡
ˮƷ˵ת뿪
ˮоԼûǨ͹һˡΪ庮ҷֻεҡҡͷѾ߳һξˮƷ磺ܰκ壬ǲǿԴӦҼ
Ѿ߳һξˮƷȻһҪ֪Ѿˣ庮ҷ֮⣬Ѿκϣˣ֪˵˭ƣǻ᲻ܿƵ
ڵı仯ΪԭԼڶԼǰӲŮ˵ҲԼŮˣ֥Ҳ󶯸λ𡭡
Ůûϣˡ
ˮƷƺԥò˵ƺҲʵҲûмˣοǶ֪ġ
ҼȻ˵аգΪбҪ㿪ЦΪ㣬֮㲻㣬Ϊʥߴߡ
ˮ˵
庮ҷڲǺԶĵطˮˮһʱ֪ˮԸ񣬻ΪԷʥߴߣԲȫǣΪԼ֪
ȻõʥߴУҲʥˣһᣬǸˣ㲻ܹң´ټңҾͺһսˣһ˰ˡ
ˮҡҡͷˣҲ̫˽ˣŮˣĺӣǲΪԼѵͲǱ۸𣿡
ˮ֪ԼҵһĴĵطˡ
ˮƷĬˣˮ˵һֱŲµģĺӻкСĺҲûһУԼڣ֧ԼǾͻúõģõߵԼʲô⣬ô涼ѡ
ҿ԰㣬ԣɹˣֻҪӦһͿԣҲҪβã͵ʧһΣӦʧֹܲһˣҲںٶһΡ
ˮ˵仰֪ԷһӦ
ˮƷ粻ˮκԼƺһ㣬ԼΣ˻˺ܶˣģԼǼ죬Լûˣͻˡ
뵽ЩһֱߵµԼͻȻ߻һ·ȥƺһֱҲòôںˡ
һůĸоȫ۾һû뵽Ϊ뷨ͻȻľı仯ͻ֮ǰľ磬ȻֻһС磬仯Ǻܴġ
ȫԡڽɫһͻȻ֮һ˵ĸо·ָɮһƺЩıҪĶûôҪˡ
ɽˮ·һ壬ˮƷﻹǺܸл˵ģβãԺҲо˰һ£ܲκһԡ
ȻѾ˲٣Ҳܷ庮ҷǲȫſǿһЩ˲٣ѾһϾͻȻˣԼǰԼ
ҴӦ㣬㡣
˵ˮƷܿʧˡ
ˮ뿪ˮƷ磬Ҳһ˵ĸоϣԼҪˣ庮ҷ˲֪ʲôʱѾߵˮߡ
ǰ
ˮ΢΢Ǻǵ˵ġ


1726 ޣ뿪
ãˮҹȻûпˣԺҪúöҷ֪ҷڹңҷˡ
˿ĵЦ
ʦ˵ʲôأھһˣʲô飬Ҳʦġ
庮ҷ˼˵
ѾͷҲ֪࣬Ϊı䣬ôܿ࣬ܿͻˣʦúöˮԡ
иʲôһ
ʦôˣôͻȻ˵Щˡ
庮ҷƺҲо˵Ĳڡ
ʦˣҪˣʦԪˣиˣϧ磬Ҫȥϼˡ
ʱƺ˺ܶ࣬һ˺ܶࡣ
ʦ㻹кܳʱ䣬Ҳߡ
庮ҷȦһ죬˵ĸ첲
ˮʱҲ˵仯ƺͻȻһӣֻǿ֧
ɵѾͷʵʦˣǲ㣬ˣ̫¶ˮ㲻¶ˣҲ԰ĵˡ
Ц˵΢Ц
庮ҷʱһӲˮһʱеˮһ߿Ҳѹ˵ǰӳһЩԪ
ȴҡҡͷҷ˹ޣҲûʲôˣڶϼΣǣң޽ء
ˮҲ֪ѾˣƴȫҩʲôģҲһصԪ˵Ѿˡ
ˮûڼ֣庮ҷƺҲˣϵˮʦҺһȥ
밲뿪ǣҡ
Ц庮ҷԴ
ˮоܳأĳԸ⿴ģÿ˶Ҫ飬ֻ⡣
ˮģ˾û˿Ըı䣬ˮ˵ԪŻµ£Բܳꡣ
˲ûе뿪ˣ庮ҷһ·ֻǱ˾ܾˣʧıӰ庮ҷϵߵһ㲻ͣĻ䡣
ˮİο庮ҷֻЧ̫á
һ˵ĿߵǣңҸģÿ˳Ȼܹ꣬εķ⣬Ҫһ
֪Ҳ˼ߣΪʲôһأ
庮ҷˮʵ
Ҳʹ࣬㿴뿪һ̡
ˮ˵ʵԼȷ
ǰգҲУûǰôĽˣԼİ취׵ԼᣬҪ˶֡

ǹƽ˺ôһƬѾڿʼ޸Щ⣬ܿ޺á
ֻвۣоǹеˮ¶뿪ǰһЩӣһȵ
ˮڵĹͲͲں˵ĿԽǿԽԼע⣬һҪױ˵뷨ҡ
ѾӦˮƷˣصǹˮǹ
庮ҷڵСԺˮûһ¥ϣˮûʲô˼庮ҷûС
ĴϣȻǺףһЩ¹һĹǺѿģЩʱȴͨˮܿǺףȷʵе˼
⼸µı仯ܴ󣬵Ǻ飬ʵǸöͻȻӵʵûа취ʵ̫⡣

ڶˮĺ磬ϴɾֱˣڴŵʱҲǰҹʱǰ
СԺлĴ̫ȭڵ̫ȭֱˣˮצڽȥʽӻ̫ȷʵ̺צĹ
Ƽ򵥣ʵϼޱȣһǾǧεʵܳɹģˮѾһʦˣʲôϡ飬ֻǴһ״˵ϵĹͺˡ
ûж庮ҷҲˣ죬˲٣βֹį
ˮ˵ˮ¶᲻
庮ҷ΢΢üʵ
ӦûɣѾ˵ˡ
ˮ˵
ʵҽβźá
庮ҷ뿴ˮ˵
ܵõʥߴе˻ȥһӦǸ⣬ҲһӴҪڽסԷĽ˵͵ǣˡ
²
庮ҷ΢΢ˮһ䡣
һֱٽʱˮƷˣһֻˣǺܿģˮӦˮƷ磬庮ҷûгϾҽεëҲʺ
첻ˮܵˮƷı仯ǰ죬ȴ죬һ˵ľ񷴲Ǿ޴ġ
һС͵ϯֻˮˮƷˣˮƷʱ䵱˻


1727 ˣɸ
ˮЦźˮƷк¡
ˮƷЦźˮͷ˵һллȻ
ˮƷı仯Ǿ޴ģһлл̬Ѿ˵仯˺ܶ࣬Ҳˮ⿴ģ˵ʥߴӦòִ֮ˡ
þƣ˺һ
ˮ֮ǰҲ֪елл㣡
ˮƷѾ뿪ˣﲻûˮ˵ΣҲѰҲˮһսˡ
ȻᣬѾһˣеˣҲˣ˵һвֻǸ飬ȻȱһĪźʱ˲ֻΪԼţԼΡ
ȥûۣһֱ飬λȥ̬ƽ֮ҲܵĴ󲿷Ů˻ǰģ滹кӣЩŮҲ֪ûôԺ󲻵ıҡ
ȥһ̸˺ܶ࣬Ҳ֪ǰԼ˭˵ἱΪоһĪĳ衣
һŮˣ˵˺ܶؼĻŮһ֪ʶ壬޳ʱҲûжŮ˷ŭ
һλȥְƼյĸоһھллҲǴм
⻹ûаҽأҰκˣлҰɣ
ˮЦ˵ٴΰһ
ˮҸ˵ллҽΣ߳Ǹͬβá
ˮƷ˵ﻹһȻ
ҵȻ֪ʲôҼȻ˵һİգôôûġ
ˮˮƷҲܿġ
Σ
ˮƷʵҲֻһľϲΪȫȷϡ
ڿʼɣܲκһ֪
ˮվ
ˮƷһ㶣еľϲҲһЩڴȻվˮ˵ãǾԣҪʲô
ˮҡҡͷҪĶѾ׼ˣߣȥҽΡ
ˮƷţˮ׼н룬ˮƷ绹еģȼٸԼƵʱɱԼ׵ġ
뵽ӦòɱԼȻûбҪ˷ǰ㾫ԼοҲ֪˹˼ʲôֻΪԼʥߴߡ
ˮẦһԭǿҵϤΪĻֻûࡣ
־Ѷˮ˵ʲô̫ѵ飬ˮҲһӽȫκãϾڻȫȷ϶Էô
ˮоһ£ŶʮֻвûϣҲͨˡ
ľԱطҪϸ˺ܶ࣬һѣ˺ҽʦƣľϾޣһ˲
һ룬ˮһ߸ˮƷôһн֮οˮбƣ֮ǿ֮Ҳǿֹ
ˮƵʱ䲻ǺܳҲ̣ʱʱ䣬ˮס˰˸Ȼ󽫽һİȥ
ͷϵĺ飬ʱˮƷѾóԾݣˮβκã˵Ȩоˮֱٿһһ
ָܻ֮һʱҪʵƣҲԣֻǽҪƳٵʱ᳤һ㣬ƵĻºͿٴΰƣͿȬ
ˮЦ˵
лл
ˮƷʱе㲻ţ˵֮˵ô֡
ҪӦҵֿɲܽġ
ˮǺЦ
֪ģʵβҲûٴѣϴ˵ĻһȻʣľϲر⣬ġ
ˮƷʱоʵĺãڿ԰ǰܶ࿴鶼͸ˡ
ڸоûôĹ֮ģԼʱܴȣܶ鶼ԲƽϣڿˮҲԽԽ˳ۡ
һֲֿҽǱԼߵʵҲҪͽᣬҽʦرǿҽʦڴ½ĵλر
ˮƷóŻԼݸˮ㣬֮ǰԼҲ֪ΪʲôѣܺҹѲųκңҪ֮ǰңкӣмңҳʲô飬Ҳˡ
ˮЦŽӹʶΪѵ鲻٣йڽ⿪ˣ鷴ҿʼ˽⣬Ҳ⣬ϲύѣύѡ
ҲǣҺͺҷС㣬죬ϣҲҪΪʲô뷨ǾʣϵӦ
ˮЦЦͷˮƷĻ֪ʲô˼˵ǸȢ庮ҷҲң֮ǰҲֻǰ庮ҷĵˡ
庮ҷļˣҲֻԼӵС


1728 ꣬
ˮ˵βƺҲǹôҲҪôˮƷҲ֪κѾˣκˡ
ûлˮʲôֽţΪ֪ˮֻҪξͿˣۡ
ˮֵܣǷһ飬ˮƷȻ˵ʲôϺˣ˭Һ֪˶ҺãҲӱĶԱ˺á
ˮƷ翴ˮ˵
ѾͲѽģ
ˮûϸ˵˭ãжʲôҲ˵ġ
ˮƷ統Ȼ֪ЦŵͷãǾͲҲ˵ĻϵʲôҪֻҪܰϵľüͷ
ˮƷƺ֮һ˷ϲ¾ˬ֮ǰϯûгԺã»һ
ϸ磬Ǹɱ

ԼºҽκˮƷ뿪ˣˮȢˮ¶ˮӦ´ΰɣλҪ
ˮƷˣˮȻɱˮ¶֣ƺ˲ɵ͵ìܣ߳ǿߣ˫ս⣬ǿΪ𣬲ɱ֮޶ܵ͡
ˮȻˮ¶Ѿ˶ԹҲԸھȥˮ¶Ѿֵƣһжǽڱ˴ӵеʵϣʲôʱûԶĵˣҲûԶѣֻйͬ档
˵ѿסʵʲôҲסֻʵܿסʱߴӲȱѣҲȱٰģΪҲãѣ¶޽ͷʱ˵仰ѾǺѵˡ
ⲻʲôºʣһֲпʵдգ½Ҳˣֻʵɿġ
ʵֺܶ࣬ҽΪѰʦȵȣǮߵвЩʵ˶ȱǮûʵǮ˷
Ѿǰˣ庮ҷˮƷ֮ųѾָȻˮɵЦ֪֮ѾѾˡ
ǰˣԺҪ֧ˡ
ˮᵽ⡣
ˮᵽʦﻹеѹͣһ²˵㣡
ˮȥĶϣˮڣʵģû綼谵
ʵûˮֻо谵Ӧв˶о谵
ҵŮˣʲôʱ򣬲ʲô飬ҶڣҲκ۸㣬Ⱳ뿪
ˮὫӵڻ
ʱ庮ҷĻǺܴģҲʱıסˮһ˫ֽıסƺʧһ㡣
ˮϧĺ󱳣庮ҷ̧ͷסˮͣǼɬޱȣ׾İѷ۵͵ˮС
ֱ׾Ǽˮ˲ȣʺ;ʱһԣ˲ߵһǼֱ񹲷ߵ顣
ˮ庮ҷ㴽һ˫ֲͣķɽˮ鵽µĽǵԾ˵ļܿˮ״·ڡ
֬ů񣬻֬ļˮ֣庮ҷз΢΢ĴϢ̼ˮϵĦѾֱߵĸо
ˮУС
庮ҷץסˮѾ֣ǰ˫һ۴ʱһƬɢջ
ʱ庮ҷܿ죬ˮ֪ڵҲǺܼϾǸҲнţôһˣŮʺĹû뷨ǲܵģûˣŮ֮˵Ĳ٣Ҳ˽ܶࡣ
ôˣиоˡ
ˮ΢Ц˵
庮ҷ˲ˣҲֻˮǰŻɫĵĺˮһۣ֪ǵʣ͡
ˮһ㶣׵Ŀ庮ҷ
˫֮Ҫ˫֮Ȼܻܿ¡
һ˫֮
Ҳᣡ
ҿԽ㣬Һܿƿصģרѧ
ˮЦ˵ǻ
ֻѧҴе˫֮һûѧᣬˮٵȵȡǰûѧΪò
庮ҷСɬ˵
ˮĶͷסһǣҲ֪ʱܣȲҪ̫Σˡ
Թˮ͸庮ҷȻȥˣ֮Թȥ

صպʱҲϣûеʱһҶ軹û˯㵹˯ˡ
ˮӺ汧סһҶʱһϤϢʱı۾Ǳûˡ
ţѾûˣ
˵ˮһѽһҶ豧סס̴Ĵɳȥ
һҶҲĻӦһŮѾ쳾ˮоر𽾰Ժ顣
һ֮һҶķˮ̧ͷˮЦǲǱҷԵá


1729 ýƣ
ôأôô롣ˮţš
ǰһ
һҶЦ˵
ʱ䳤ˣôԼˣǲǵǵһΡ
˵
һҶסˮ죬˵Լ·뵽ǰ飬Ǹоޱȵܰ
úã˵ұһشϣСһһͦµġ
ˮһҶصڵĴϡ
ǲûиСһŪӤһҶ趼ϺСһһ
ˮǽͺҷϲ㣬ϲϲǡ
һҶ迿һϣס塣
һô̸ôˣôȡ
ˮҲһҶ谤š
֪㲻һ˵ģԼҲܲ㣬ڻûһ
һҶϲĵˮһۡ
ˮЦˣĻǸ˶ϲرǴһҶŮ˿˵ĸоǿޱȣִ
Ůû˲ϲرˣѾھˣѾоǶίˣ˳ȻɣҪҰĿ̹ĵŮˣʦһֵġ
ˮһҶǺЦ
СӣС쵰˵˲ںʦ
һҶĵˮһۡ
úãҪá
ˮ˵
ǸС쵰
һҶ˵ִһ£һˮٴѹȥһкӣһֱϸꡭ

ҹʱˮĵ뿪ˣһҶ˯ú죬Ͼ֮˯öȽϳһ㡣
ˮͽɾʵʼӣ˷Լһʱ䣬Ҫʵʵÿʵ츳֪ڷܡִǷֲġ
ɾҲãйҲãЩܺӣŽɽҲܶˮһֱоԼ츳ҪԼŬ;˹ؼá
ɾˮ̨ţ糿һ̵徻һĺƽ
һҶ贩һϮѩ׵˯˹Ӻ汧סˮһ£ôһ﷢ˡ
ˮסԼϣֽ⿪ǰ󣬵ͷѩͦεѩ
쵰š
ˮŵ㣬ĸо̤ʵ̧ͷѾ߲ļҰҰͣ⶯ʳ̻Ů޵ݡ

һܺˮƷרպˮȾƣһξһ֪ˮиСһһů񣬲ָֻǴСˮȴ֪ůҲǼֵǡ
ůҪǱаܶůȣҺǿģֻһЩҴĺӲŻС
һڣˮƷˮ֪ΪʲôЦŻȥһôֳˡ
ҽڼʵܲˣҾˡ
ˮƷҲε˵
ˮһˮƷӾЦˣһˣּ尾治ܣȻҲͲˡ
ҿģλȥֱӽˣһǳˣмȥͳ
ˮƷε˵
ʵҲûƾͺá
ˮЦſˮƷ硣
ǽ˺ˣҽƲסⱲӻиϵܣҪϧһڻˣҪҿ
ˮƷҡҡͷæ˵
Լ꣬ҲҲ̹
ˮûûεЦ
ˮƷĿˮ־ܼᶨģ֮ǰڱ˵̰꣬ʮˣҲܿġ
ˮƷ粢ûˮﳤֻղʱ뿪ˣҪȥߣߵʱˮýƣٵ㣬Իָкô
˵ˮƷһϲĿˮ
ط·Уڣ︴գԲҪʵкôԼŰɡ
ˮ仰ˮƷȥˣȻкôֻǽƣ˵˵ߵʱˮôơ
һ첻ܳΣ
ˮƷ翴ˮˣһ죬ǽƣԼǿʱҲܳʱһΡ
ˮ仰ˮƷĵˣ
ˮƭطƲʲô飬һ£ǲƣµĿҲ΢΢
庮ҷһֱպˮһҶѧ󷨺ϻ֮ˮǰѷڷɽ̸ǣ벻ͨˣʵһɵʵ
ˮȻᣬֻǺʹöѣԽԽ࣬Ĺɷ˺ܴı仯˻Ųףô档
ֹ죬Ҵһţһϴ˭ˮʵϡ


1730 ¶ģǿ
ˮŵʱû̫ľȣ˵ĺܼ򵥣ǲ¶һóԻģֻǲûȷе֤ݣҲϿԿ϶ġ
ˮϲģɵĴ𰸣˵׽׽׽׽˫ôʱָһˣֻΪԻģ̫ǣǿˡ
ˮֽ˺ݻ٣ôʱˣҺˮĹϵûн֮ǰ¾һҵϵɴСҪǿˮ
ãˮУʵҲԸ׺ˮֽˮƷǹ黹Ǳʵ֪Ҳ֪ˮƷûеõˣˮɱˮ¶ǿ֮ܳΪѣֻеľȴ֪
ҸһžǽˣˮҡҡͷѾȥܾãǣˮĿǰҲûʲô㣬ԼҶܺߡ
ˮҲӦǲ¶ģϴȥɱʱͲ¶ĻйڣҲ֪¶ҵĹϵƲϵжԣԳƲѣʱĻһСڣҪֹϵǴģʲôԹڵĲ¶Ҷ
ôãˮѾʱˣϾԼҲûܵʲôίҲûиоܵʲôίǴͷԼʵ
ȻƽֻˮоԼֱ˩뿪Χ񣬼ŮԱеǿ
ǲԸֻ뿪ҲԼ취Ҫ뿪Ļڤ¡
ڤʵֲģҪǵԷĹҲܿ£˵ڵڤԼǿܶĶҲܡ
Ȼ룬ˮʱûд뿪庮ҷʵҲӣŮҲǿܶ࣬һҶľͷˮޣһֱһҶǿܶ࣬һˮϵޣ⺣Ҳرǿ
ˮüŮǵ޳Ԫ֮󣬿뿪ȥߵʱǻ޵ġ
ޣڵĵҲǺǿĴڡ
ϵûʲô̫ı仯ͷ֫ȴɢĹâ
ǰƺСɽһȴֲʧٶȱ޴磬Զס޴ΡȻ
ֻƺֹȴǱǰӵ·ԵĶħ
ֻͨˮ֪޵ʵ˺ܶ࣬޾Ǹܣǿ䵱ܵʱࡣ
ˮ޵սҲ˲Сı仯ǵ޲ܳʱ뿪ߣоԶܻΡ
Ϭս˴򲻶ֻܵвսʱܱԼǿ۲ߵʵϬצǿ
ݣսӴĵӵݵ壬ӵݵߵ޶ʮٶȡ
գսӲʱ޵ĸ˴󲿷ֶֹλ壬Ե˳ɵĹߵʮԶԶĴޡ
ңеķֹҲϢ˺͵֮ͨ
޵Ҳ˾޴ı仯Ƕ˼µսսֻҪеǰ浱ţֵţͻƽ̫ˣҵſµܵвսʱҲſֲɱ
ǿұ֮ǰӵĿֲˣˮʵǧķȴǿֲĳԼĹֹ
ϧǲ뿪Լʱ̫ãȻˮõպĻǺܷĵģӦԱ
ǵ޲޺ͽԼĻˮҲܷģֻҪԼ뿪ʱﲻĵĻüֻҲ£ˮţޡޡ
ʵȲѣˮһֱڽ̼Ů󷨺;ŹǿľŹˮԱû⡣
ŮҲţֻǽӴʱ϶̣ⲽޱȣˮǴвĻڻһҶ衣
һҶǿҲ¯࣬ϵңȱһЩʵս飬ڸһЩˮÿ첻ͣĸսһֻǵΣͷǲ֣Իǲ֮սܼǱܣһֻ̤ĴţʣһֻȴǺ
ֻҪ˵һת۵㣬ڲ֮أΪӵ£Դﵽ°빦Ч


1731 أ˵б
뵽Щˮɺܶ࣬Ҳ֪ѱʦǿ󣬵Ҳ֪ѱʦļѣоԼѱʦˣһҩʦһôԽʵҲ㡣
ѱʦʵиľޣǺѳԼʵһ̶ѱʦʵѣϾ󲿷ʱ䶼ôԼʵˡ
ˮ뵽ЩҲˣԼǲѱʦ֪Լ޾úܶǿѱʦۺ첻ѡ
ҵǷŲûдˮҲܳʵԪı仯ˮҲվ˾޴ıˡ
ˮֻڱıԵһβҲ֪ˮûǰ뷨
ˮʵʵԪֹ֪֮֮ǰһֱΪԼʵѾʵˣܿЦ
Ҳˮ˺ܶ࣬Ȼûбֳ֪һֱҲһС㣬ʵһС
һͺװòȰˣ޷ʵҲ޷˵ʥͨϻѧǾ磬һһͻоʲôǴģǵ͵ģʵ԰
ˮԼһʶ⣬ģһģǿģһ˵жжûһǿģ޷ܸ飬ͻסԼҰǰ˵Ҫ߳ȥȥ翴
һ¹ȥˣһˮСһѾˣˮֻܸ̾ŴһҶ̫Ļ
СһﱧˮĲӣСקקʱķЦ˸оޱȵ
ˮҲǵһԼĺӶ棬ڤա񡭡
ѾܾûˣһƺرѣΪ˸ĸСĺӣΪеʱͷ룬ǰߵĺӼһģر˸СĺʱЦˣȴͻȻǰĺʲôʱЦģ˵ʱ䡣
ˮҲĺеĳʱûߣֲڼңȻ;ȥȻھθС
ʱ㣬һʱŸоԼƺΪ׵ְԹ֪ʮȫʮÿ˶ҪЩźΪЩźڲŻᷢĺá
һȥյ˳Ц߹ˮнӹ㣬ѾܵСѾˣˮͼŮǾģԷǵܿǸ
ˮһκͼŮһʱ䲻ֻ̣Ͱʱ䣬û뿪һĺһˡ
ˮƷˣڿء
յͷҲ̧˵
ãȥ
ˮԴſȥ
ˣðˮƷڶҽˣˮƷ絹ûܣҲǺܶ࣬ΣʮһΡ
ϸˡ
ˮ߽ȥ󿴵ˮƷһҶ衢˵ʲôȻˣҪ֮˫ֵܳƺҲãֻҲãϾ˵ˣǾҪҪڡ
ţأôûб
ˮƷЦ˵
Ůʱк뿪ˣˮͷŮ뿪ˮƷЦôûʲôʰɡ
ûУǸоʱú
ˮƷЦ˵
֪ɣϸ磬㶼׼ĴˣĻųԲȶκһǿԴƱģĺˡ
ˮˮƷ顣
֪ˮиϢûȤ
ˮƷ˫۷ŹĿˮ
ˮĿˮƷ磬ΪˮƷĲΣ۾ŹϢĲ࣬Ҳɵĺ
˵
ˮЦſˮƷ硣
ȵһأֻǿػţһһֻϢбأвǰϵûȤ
ˮƷ翴ˮ˵š
ˮһֱƽ飬ڲ֪ʲô£ˮѶģвٱ鶼ȥһš
ȵˮ߶һȻȵĿˮƷ磺ͨȵ
ˮƷͷ
ˮеԥˣѾˣֻںܾǰǿһʱһֱڶ֪Ĵڡ
ҲŲٵķֻǵǲǻбĴ˭ҲڱȵҲпܱоĶ
˵Ǻ̰ģҫҲãʹһѣв׼ǰȵõõһǾͷɻڴˣȢŮˡ
ˮҲе㯡


1732 ȵ
ˮãⱱŷұʥˣö˭ϲҲ¾ǷǣЦҲȥ
ԣôԣǱȵŻ򿪣ʱһΣ
ˮƷЦ˵
ã
ˮˮƷٴƣһ޸е֮ľˮƷѾ˲֮֮ǰ޸õľѾʲô
ãˮȻ뿪ˣĲκãҲʵЩϾǴڣѾ治ˣΰңҲһüͷ
ˮƷ̾˵
ôͻȻ˵ЩѵͲ㡣
ˮЦ˵
ԸⱻãҪĻõļֵûˣǲŽпɱ
ˮƷЦ˵ˮĶ࣬ҶҲ˽ⲻ٣Ͽ˻ԣˮоģɿּթ֮ˣȻҲ˵ЩԸıꡣ
ȻѣֵܾͻụǻãֻвѵĲŽлãڴǾǻ
ˮͽ롣
ãվüģıҵˣҪ£㲻֪ʱܵǽʲôȵӸĻܡ
ˮƷںǸп
ˮȻˮƷ飬һˣȻˣҪ˵Ӻ˵Ȼʶˣȴûб䣬ʹŹ֡
ҾͲˣ׼һ£ȻһȥĲر˵ֵüǾͺˡ
ˮƷ紩·˵
˷߰ɣҲԷʱˡ
ˮѾʱˡ
Ǻʱ䣬ϺͰ𲻴ûй̶ϢʱʲôģҲ˵Զǲҹǡ
ж౦ӡࡢʲôģԲǺڵպסڶйʯĥӣһ纣µĲҹǡ
ʱܿ죬һ£ˮ衢յǰȥ庮ҷһҶպ
պ󷨣ˮµģ庮ҷΪҲǿһҶľͷˮҲǿޱȣر⺣Уƺʵǿ
ˮƷǰĸˣ˲࣬ǿߣȻÿһ庮ҷʵ¡
ˮ¶Ͳ¶ԼʵǱǹҪǽһεģһεĲǲԽģҲǿˣֲ֮ǰˮ¶Բǹ
ĸҲˮ¶һʵˣȻмز¶ϼһҲģϴαˮɱȻû⼸ǿҲѷɫ̫࣬ˮƷۺܾá
ջˮƷ绨˺ܴĴ۰ȥˣⲻǿƣԸģʵģȻҲܵõʥߴС
˶ҪиǾʱΪ˶ˮ¶ˮ¶ǵҩṩõͱҲһֽ
УʴȣԴõ㣬ôܵõ˵ģҪ֪ĵģ˵ٺöʵһԣܽסģġ

ȵﲻԶҲڶɽһͽȣ˵ܶ࣬˵һˣҲ˵һˣ˵
ЩҪˮŮԼˮƷ缸Ŷɽȥ
ҲͼʱʱѾ˶ɽˣ·ϵҲһЩˮеޣܵˮǿرϢ˱ˣֱܵӱɱˡ
·ϡһЩˣһǿľǹպЩһԶԶĿˮһ˺ѡܿ
֮غ˺ܶԸʵҲˣʮˣⲻ࣬˶Ǻ֡
ˮߣ˵ǵõ洫ˣֶĳˡ
˵ߵѪߵǿͲ˵ˣԶʱڿĴڡ
ˮ˳ˮƷĿ⿴һģˣˮƷӦò£ֻ˿һɫԽ
ˮߵʱ򣬶Է߿ĿǿˮƷģϾˮ¶Ҳһе̳
ˮƷЩı仯Ǳܶ˿еģرһʱ䣬رĵԣûв͸ǽһЩ֪ˮƷİֻˮƷûбϣ鲻ϲ
Щϲڣ͵й¶ȥģһˮƷΪһЦû˸ˮƷǰˮ¶ǰ˵
ˮƷͻȻ¶ŹֵЦ⣬һֿԼֻɫ
ˮһֱ⣬Լ֪ʵУƺ֮䲢ǶôѺõĹϵ


1733 
ˮƷҲߵ飬ϺƽɫֱѡӡͨȵĿڣֻǻûе򿪵ʱ䣬ڶ½½ĸǺˣվ֮Χһξûбˡ
ʵѰСҲȥȥģϾģʵԷôĽǶԷ㣬öԷס㣬ּסʲô顣
ûãˮ¶ˣ¶˲ʮˣˮ˻ԷƺܿҲˮΪˮˮƷһ
оˮ߲ԶŮյ裬һŮһ壬һһ壬ǽ㣬Ժܶ˵ĿⶼῴȻ뵽˭һӾͻῴˮ
ˮһ㶣ܿͻָȻˮͷû߹
ˮҲ΢΢ͷˮҲûнԷϣ¶ͷһˮƷҪһЩˣһβסϵ֮վ΢Цŵȴ˸оޱȡ
ˮƷָˮָָһЩʵȻ粨¶ǿ󣬵һҲӴڡ
ˮţס
ʱҲŹһᣬˮƷ羪ȵĿԶɫеԾˮҲһ˳ˮƷĿԶȥ
ԶʮӰǳһֱ޴㣬׳ɫرư硣
㣡
ˮ۾һȻǽ㣬ҲԶ֣Զŵʱǽۣһ־ޣС½ػпжǿĴڡ
ֻǺнѪ࣬ӵнѪ޺ܶ࣬ǺнѪȽ϶ĴڣҲơ
ʮˣˮԾЩ˿ޱȣҸˮĸое죬ܿˮ֪ʲôˡ

Ǻģˮһһһϵ壬һкܾõĴڣǰģϴƾõģŵһġ
ûʲô壬ǺԼŮһʵģֻĳЩʱʾһЩΪһ
һˮжﵽʱ˫Ȼɾ޴βҲˡ
ŮȴûرԵֻ˫ֻỽצⲻһֹһ
ǰĺҲһ壬ǵǸ˵ĸоһ־飬ǵϢһĴڡ
һ˻Ů˶ǿޱȣûгªģһĶûУǿŮ
Ȼһк֣ܶǰһĺЩªĺһЩĺ
ﲻ˵ǰһȺ˽ǰĺ϶Ǵ˵дڣ˿ģûʶǣҲʶˡ
ͷһĿֱ࣬ĿӲʵԶ϶ǸˣˮͨϢܵе֮ܶ϶ԷԱ
Ϣ೤һ˫۾˵ĺÿˮҲо˺ܺÿ˵Ưá
ȻˮоΪһ˸оǴֿһĺãˮڵģҲǿ㣬е졢ᣬòʧա
ˮҲ˺ŮԺǾĴڣſŵ˿Ѫĳ嶯ȴ崿żɢĵϢ
ߵĺܶ˶Ŀ⣬Ͼǻǵһμ˺ǿĺ档
ܵܶ˵Ŀ⣬Ϊ׵ĺȴüһɨһΧȺúܶ˶һջĿ⡣
ɨ֮󿴵ˮߵŮ۾һ˹
ˮҡҡͷԷһ֪ŮˣҪ֪磬Ů㶼ǻڣѪͳ½ˣġ
ˮԺûжŮʱҲĺϲûʲô仯
λСãҽ̣ܸʶλС㡣
Ժ󷽷յ˵
Ҳʶ㣬Ҳʶ㡣
յ˵
һ㶣Ǻʵǿ󣬲һСһĵλǺ⣬һܿõˣִǧﺣǿԿ϶ġ
Ǹɴ࣬ԺֱӿûпĵˮߵĲߣˮõס
Ժ˵Ӧ֣ˮƷ磬һʼֻ˵˸ţˮƷ磬һ㶼ǽгġ
ʱȴĿˮˮҲƽĿŶԷûѺãֻƽ


1734 һԲϣͬ
ãҽ̡
Ժˮͷ˵
ˮҲû뵽ǺţƤҲЩʱƤʵҲһŵı֣׻˵ƤԸƤԲš
ˮҲǺŮȻŮˣҲñȾָģȻŮԸ£ˮҲԤŮ顣
֪ʲô飿
ˮɻɫȻ̸ᣬҲ̸ϲ
Ů𣿡
ԺƺˮҲûʲôȤֻ֪Ů˺ʲôϵûйϵǾͲ鷳ˣǣҪ̸һ̸ˡ
Ůˡ
ʱյֱ˵һˮ˵ǵֱû˵
ȴ΢ЦſˮеԱı飬һҲ죬˵ԼŮԿһԿԼ
̱һһϣȴˣܿɫֱºΪܿŮ˶δµŮˡ
뵽ԺˮЦˣǲѰŮӣܲǵʻҪģҪǴΣҿԸҪĶȻҺòã
ˮ޲ǰһ٣뵽ڴ½ԼУŮ˵ĵλһ㶼ǺܸߣǳǿߣҲһֱ˵ʲôŮƽȣʵϵ磬ŮˣȻҲкܶŮǿˣֻ
ҲֻҪʵԻҲ֣ˮüͷ顣
ɣۣҰɣ
ˮһῴ˵
̱ˮ˵۵ʱ¶ĵЦݣֻҪˮҳۣǾе˵ԼȱһӦÿԳɹģԽԽǿġ
ֻˮĻһӾˣתǷŭԼһǷǳ߹ģ嶼ҪߣһŮһȻ󣬿ϧֻûĹ壬ֻһֱڣһŮһŮңǲݵġ
ܶ嶼֪ŮһŮԪǿߵΪģߵĸȹ̵ġ
֪֪˵ʲô躣һ塣
ɫ˲䣬Ϣˮ
ˮ¶м΢Цǰ̣Լģ֮ǰ˵ĻǷƨ𣬻ҵŮˣĸ֪˻᲻㡣
ˮҲ֪һЩĹȻ֪ܶ࣬˭ͷ˭Ҳϲÿ˶˵ƽȣŲƽȵ顣
ˮҲܷϡ
ǱԼ¶Ļ˶΢Цſˮǲ֪ȻͺһˣʢʱôĶ֪
ˮƷˮ˵ϵܣҪǷͻǲ𡣡
ˮ֪ˮƷǺ⣬Цŵͷ
СӣѾû˿Ծˡ
ɫ͸һΣŭޱȡ
ˮЦ˵ûв´ĵӦŮ԰ɣ֪Ļ֪ô
ô֣ŮԵĵλͣҪλȴŮԣŮһֱУǺߴڡ
ŮȻҲһЩʩŮԺĵλҲȷʵ̫˺ܶ࣬ǿĲˣΪץסֱӴ¿һЩöǰİݽŮջࡣ
ջ󲻳ɹջĴ۲ֻҪ۹ˣûвջˣ¹̲ҲԻɹ
¶мЦݣܼŮ㲻ֻ֪ܿͻ
ֻܸ㣬ɱҵ˺ܶ࣬ˣ˭ɱҶҪصĴۣԶ֮ǰҪԼǲܸۡ
ˮûκεĽţƽˮıɲ⡣
̲çҲһףҴӶԷʶԷǿţŷĵ̣ƺһҲģܺ浽ôôĳס
˵һſҪˣСһ㡣
λСټһټġ
ߵʱ򻹲յк
ˮԶ̣ϵıûб仯ֻһ˿ɱвв⼸ʵǿ󣬵£ûл֮ôɱóҲǺڵġ
ϵܣҪСˣ⼸ʵֲܿ˵ʵɱɱǣǱƵһͬˡ
ˮƷ̾Ц˵
ϸ磬㲻Ҫ֣Լ
ˮ˵
ʲôΪ֮ǰ˵˵ģҾԻǰ档
ˮƷ翴źһɫ


1735 뱱ȵ
ˮû˵ʲô֪ˮƷ仰ԭģһӦǺ߳ⱱȵˮû̫ൣǣˮƷȴѾ˱֮ģûˮİҲβã˶ԹοѾ˵ˣһ
յͬеأҲûʲô⣬ʵĲѾֻܰϣȫϡ
ˮǲģҲûԭģĵߣŮѾ˶ûȤôͲκȾָǽĻǾŮҲǶԼ裬һεĻˮǻѡ
ŮȻ֪ˮ˼Ϊάǵϲ˵̷ŭĻҲŻ
ֻ˭ף̿ŮôᷢһЩ飬ΪŮںǿġ
ˮһԼһ˵ɫֻΪˮͲ¶еڣӦûʲôڣҲֵò졣
ˮ¶Ͳ¶ԼҶǲģΪˮˮƷճһԱӱֻҲġ
ˮֻܰһȺ˵ĿǳһʵΪĴڣܺ˲ҽԭһѾǿʵԽԼᰲȫΪҲֻܷһĸֲ
ֻһôͬܿܵһţΪ׾ֵܷһ
ʵƽʱôãڶҲһµģֻһԺͲ˵ˣ˳ɵĿǲ֣Ϊ̫ǿˡ

ˮΧĲ٣һǧ˵ӣɢľ뵹ǺԶĳǸ⣬Ҳ˵кöȻĺҲᵽ
ˮϱһԿģڿûκϣˣֻܿԼˣŮ̾ǲǺ鷳
ţǲ¡
յ΢Ц˵
ˮЦſΪʲô£ѵ𣿡
յҡҡͷȻ㡣
һܼ򵥵ĻȴˮоȺһֱεĸоˮƷһҲе㾪Ȼи̾̾ˮһûԵױȣŮһߵһĸˣľĸ
һδųֵʱ˵Ŀⶼδгǧ״Сһں׵ĵϣ沼˹ϵͼƣɢϹӵϢ
ˮǵһĴˣԶַķʽһεĴƺеȵĴš
ķʵܼ򵥣Ǵﵽһʵֿסųܽȥһ硣
˵ǺֱӿΧ˵һۺһ½Ľ룬˽֮ʣµ˷һʱ䶼û˶ܿ춼ĿͶˮ
֮ǰ֪ˮͺһ㲻죬ǽӣԴӦöڿˮǸҽȥ
ʵ֪ȥȥһΪ㣬Ҳܲȥǿǲеɫе
ˮŮˮƷ˵ǽȥɣ
ŮͷˮƷҲǵͷҵͷǽȥǵһȥ
ˮҲҶͣһ£ϺˮƷһȥġ
ˮŮԼˮƷļ˶ȥ
һѣһĵ֮һտ̺̣֮ܶʱûзΣգҿ˲ǺԶĺһˡ
ˮ˳֣ˮ¶һĨζЦ⣬ЦлһɱֻǲǺԣ˿Цݼš
ˮŶԷĲֱһ׷ųȸ˵ˣˮвֶεģϱ˵ҩŲ˵Ķ
ˮڻ˲ٵһ׷رþǺһЩصҲǿʱõġ
ٻ
κĿϣɵٶȺͷӦʱһӡ
ʱõⶫʱǺƵģܸԼʵˬʱҲ֪ⶫõ˵ʵҲԼʵ
ܿˮ͸о⾧ǿΪˮ׷л֮ԼȣһмԵĿֲ
ƷʵģƷʵ͵ʵǿֱӻᱻƷʸߵľͺѱƷʷһһǧ
ֻ˵ƷʣûģҲָߵͣиֻƷʣ½ʦǵľܶ࣬ƷʸߵҲмС
Ʒʵľϡ٣ֵǲ˵ľЧʱڲɱκĿǰ֪˭ܵĵ
ٻƷʵĲֻͶٶȣֱӽʮٶȣٶȲһɣڳʱڻ޷ָġ
ƷʵľǿƷģǼʾ֮һ½ҩʦ࣬ϧƷʵĻǺٺ٣ҲãʱȴˣҲܶ࡭


1736 Ѱص
⻹кܶ־籩ɱʹ˱ɱ֮Ĺкܴļʻ˫ƷʵǾͻÿζ˫ıԼ࣬ɼƷʵľǶôĿֲ
ʵҪǿƷʵģֻҪƷʸ߾ŲɺӵãǵƷʵĻôЧ治ôƷʣֱʮһ߿Բ֪ƣĴս죬Ƕôµ顣
и֪ҹսݾǿ
ôྦྷҲô׾Ƴģò׳һƷʻôԾֻݳ޵ĴڣһŸһƷʵľʱܸıġ
ˮǰҲƳٵľݵģƷʶһ֮ڵģõҲʮɣʱˮΪƷһأ˽⵽һ֪ԼȻô࡭
ҲǸԭ֮ˮû¾ͻϼΣͬʱܲܳƷʵľ
뷨Ǻõģϧʵǲпģˮôʱ䵹ҲƳٵľϧõһҲûгһٵƷʡ
һЩˮȷΪĶȷʲôεģƷڵһƷһ¶ƷµǶһƵģʵںܶ˻ôʶġ
ֻǺˮһʧܵľֵ֪ȼģΪʧܵľƷʾȻﵽİٳͷһŴ͸ϧá
ˮ֪һ㣬ԭһ㶼ƷģֻƷʱŻֳƷʵľɼƷʵľǶôѳ
ˮŲپһƷڣҲǰʮƷϵģܶ࣬СʮƷʵģȻƷʵĲ˺ܶ࣬ž޴
߲Զ½˲ˣӦҲǳסˣȵƺͿһܵʱ䣬һ֮رգ´ο֪ʲôʱ
ʱϲǺܶ࣬ԶûʲôˮҲܿһɽأﲢڰͨ絽ȻԿе̫Ʋʣû½أȵ֪ľһַ
ǱַںܾǰĶҲֻǵ;˵ڵʲô˭Ҳ֪
óһһĶһҲ뿪ˡ
ˮǷųޣ޲ֹɱޣоҲѰޣҩޣҲóˣֻҪⱱȵбĻԼҵĿ
Ҳˮѡԭ򣬱ϾӵյĴڲֱ˷ѣֻҪҵһԼʵһء
ֻû뵽һͺǿĺӣҿӻСȻֻǼ仰飬ȴѾɸı䡣
ˮ鲻Ҳʲôݻ˭۸ҲôףҧԼһҲҪ
Ѿ뿪ˣҲʼ½Ŀ뿪ֻˮһûжˮƷҲûʲôѾеԼˮͿˮԼ컯ˡ
ˮһᣬгޣеһȥ޵ģú֪ԼѰ޵ĻҲûôˡ
󲿷ѡȺɽķ򣬸оӦɽѨ֮УˮķȴտĵطһκϰȻѸٵǰ
ǰ˺٣ˮһѡУвֱܿˣǧ֮࣬ѡĲʮˡ
ˮһ˵ٶȺܿ죬ѸٵĽ˦ûһʧ֮ǰ֮صҰ
ˮһôб𣿡
һǰһ߿Χ˵
ˮЦЦҲ֪ɣ
ˮƷû˵ΪˮǹܿģϾﱻɱû֪Һѡķɽˮ֣Ҳûźѡķǰȥ˭Ҳ뱻ˡ
ϸ磬Īҵزܿػصػ𣿡
ˮЦЦʵ
ҲǺ˵ǺӦþܿشػصػ޵ģڿûôˣΪֱػ޾ñء
ˮƷҡҡͷЦ
Ҳã˭ˣҵһ򻻲˵׼׬貧ӯ
ˮɵ˵˭оźܴĵ
ʱ֮ͣܵĲͣתţĿⶢһ򣬻ȥ߱߷͵͵ĺ
ˮһ˶ڿޣһֱڲͣĺУʱųһӣûʲôĵʱ
ˣ
һƵ𣬰ضһһƵ
ȴǷ·̤ڴһĸо


1737 ʯħ֣֮ţ
ֳƵ·ÿ˵ĵףоԼڲƺһɣģƺûһ
˶һˣܿͷѸٵĻסʶȻȫסҲٱ֤ʧС
һ籱ȵĽһĹγ֣ҪС̫ˣһֻ޴ʯһĶĴӵð
˻޶˳ףȻͿһֻһĹ޳ֻ֣ȫ¶ʯ޴ֱܴϥ¡
ʯħ֣
ˮһʯǾµĵ֮ģؾ֮󻺻Ϊ޵״ȻһЩʦһЩʦһʶ
ָʶܼ򵥣һǿ߲ڵʱһУػصʶֻʯħ֣ôֻʯħֻػǲ뿪κﴳ
ʯħûֻһ취Ǿǽ飬ֻ⿴Ƽ򵥵İ취ȴĺ١
ʯħȻʯɵģǴ֮ɣʯӲ˿ѷɫ֮Ǻأǿڹźǿĺã˵գһ˺
ˮҲоͷƤе㷢飬ػ޻߻֮޷һ㣬ڵʯħҲһ㣬Ӯȴֲôܡ
ˮʯħ֣֪һﲢֻǿ򣬶յ֮ԭ򣬹иŴ֮ȣȻûпȼգԶѾоǱ˵ˡ
ˮƷ翴Ҳզ࣬ˮ¶ģˮֱ̤֮ǰһһ㣬һξӨ͸ˮָ⣬ڻ
ˮܵ鶯֮ΧĿƺ
ˮ֮ģ
ˮƷһӣһˮžӨ֮ʯħַȥ

ͳĺˮͻ𣬲֪ˮƷܲܿƶԷ˵ǿԵģΪֻΪ˼ԷʵΪֱӺͶԷ֡
أ
ˮʯħ֮󱬷ˮֱӷ޴ˮһϵðŨҵˮ
ˮܸоڵʯħϵĻ½˲٣ˮֻܼԷлкһŶԷȥ
ˮ֪޵ķǲƻԷƻԷôһͲôĿ¡
޻һĲӰʯħֳȥ
ʯħֵȻ޻Ҫ˲٣ںܶ˵ĿѸٵĳʯħ֡
أ

޵ɳȥˮʯħֱ޳嵽ĵطһԼͷСĲ֡
ʯħһСɽͷһôϬĹǿ˺ԷԷĶʹʧѪһֻһС飬޹ɽҲˡ
ˮƷҲһιϧˣû˿Ӱ죬Կ޵ĹʱǸоϬϧĿ̫ˣˣһֱҪˡ
ˮȴ۾һֻҪܴ򶯾ͺãˮֱʯħһ׷ȥ
гʱսĽγֵģһշħȥ
ս
ٶȵģ
ڵĽǿˣЩҲǺ׾ͳɹˣǰʵ̫⣬սǿ󣬿ϧûʲôЧ
ûٶȵľ޴һʯħֵһֱﲻϵĹˮʱҲǲϵʹûƽսꪹյƻй֮޲
ˮʹԼŹͻȻı仯ʯħֻܱ򣬶ˮǵķѪ١
䣡
һؾ޴ĻֱӽסĶջ٣ˮ֮ǰڤģǲñ¶ʵ˿Ҳ»𣬵ȻһĻǰֻʯħֵĻÿ
ﶼˣӲˣʵҪģһˮ˻𺣣һСղɴ󺣡
䣡
ʱʱ֮ˮҵһֱը˱ʣ²Ĳλþ޴ʯħֵһȺȻ¡
ʯħڻ޵ĴڣûҪϵֻ֧ţôǿ󣬵ʧȥһûƽ֮Ҳᵹ类ڹֻ꣬׸ķݡ
µʯħ֣ˮﻹǺܿĵģһﻹϢҲʧѪɶȺ˵֦ɣеʶйй֮ͻΪһ̲ʯ
ˮ֪˳һʼˮƷˮ֮йϵˮ֮ʯħִԪҪ֪ˮ֮ˮƷһɱһͨһֻʹһΣЧǱУ־޴ˮͬʱԷΡ
Է壬Խ˶ԷʶһʶˣͻۿۣȻҲô׵ĻٻԷ


1738 Ź
ʯħͣΪһ̲ʯͷСɽʱ˲ŰĿŵŹεĽ磬ûв´һصš
ʱҶǰĿͶˮ֪ľˮƷҲʼԽԽˮˣоҲͻȻġ
ĸоΪԼоҲһˣʵ˭ҲԸԼѣõѡ
ĸоҲͬ˵һ飬ǾǶԷ㣬Լоģʵ˶ϲָоģܶҵǲԸ⿴Լˡ
˵󲿷ֶǲԸ⿴ԼˣÿֱܷԼˣҺܶ࣬Լ̨׵ĴڣܳΪǺ£ܰԼ
ϵܣǸѷ硣
ˮƷЦ˵
ˮ֪ˮƷ뷨ս϶ˮʯħֵģԸоⱦӦˮģ˵һܻܲųֻǸ⡣
Աػûʲô̫˼ֻҪܻȥıأ빲ˮоǾ޴ĸֶǰʶκˣϧƺûиָܶˡ
뵽ˮƷҲһȻòˣҪŬȥֻû뵽ȴͻȻֵ顣
ԼһܴЦ
ˮˮƷЦˣϸ磬һȥɣ˵ʲôɵҩһǵʵ˺Ҳˡ
ˮƷЦŵͷȻˮͷǹδš
ٴʶһɶˮˮƷѾһһĴڣһһɲϢһ˵оͬʱһʥϢ
ˮܣܸɾΧҰ֮ûʲôʱŮҲˡ
ǱҰôҲûпʲôأ
յΧ˵
аѽ
ָŵõľͷӦˣֻܿҵһСطǽϹһѽ
ߣȥ
ˮͷȥ
ȵȣǿ£
ˮʱͻȻ˵
֪ʲôʱʼȴǶһͼ
ˮǾŹͼ
ʱ˵
ӦбأǿֻǼֻ߹µľŹͼ֮ҵء
ˮŽ˵
ϸ磬Ұɣ
ˮˮƷɫ֪ԷܲŹͼΪľŹͼе£ֻǶһƤëĻʱ߳ȥġ
ŮھŹͼֳˣߣˮе㲻ģһʲôͻӦˣԲôԶֻھŹ֮ڵһΧʲôͻʱ˳
ˮƷͷˮˮẦȻǸûᣬֻˮѾûɱ˵Ķ
ˮƷںˮˣѾܾûŹˣڴиֵܶţŵֻʵ
ˮ߹հ˹պܿ͵һƺķ䣬һշһǽϹһ
ɽˮ
ܴһŻɽļаƶ䣬ӥչᣬɭɭɽ֡
ˮ·һ㣬еѾư磬ˮһ͸ܵѹ·ضҪѹһ㡣
˵ȷˮӰֱˮƷļѾеƺֲסǾ޴ѹЩ
ʱˮѹȻƺֵ˲ٵѹһ˶һЩرǼˣŮ֮ǰҲЩࡣ
̶̵һ˲䣬ˮƺ˺֮ܶ࣬Ͼ֮ǰһʱ֮ͨԭʶеͼͻȻתƺһ˲ըһ
ͼͻˣ
ˮĸоܾӦǶͼûб仯һ˲оʱ̶תͼԽĺˣҰԼĻָ״̬ȶ˷츲صı仯
ͼӾָƣþСֿϮá
ڻϻЧһεĲƸһûȷӣһԵӣʵʵ˺ӣϿͬɵ˺ͬʵͼһЩЧ
ˮ˵ͼþʱ̱ѣԻʱָ̻ƺһ֪ƣ벻һȻսʱָֻǲֲսĵġ
ʹͼҲˣԵ񼼣ϸˮĿ¶֪οЧܶࡣ
ĸɣͦε֡
£


1739 ǿˮ飬ˮϵ
°
ˮоʵ·ħһҲ֪˭ܻĻ
ˮǰȻסһˣѾף˭Ҫȥ
ˮƷҡҡͷ̫ˣ˵ҲϲϵŰɣǲϲⶫ
ˮƷȻˮϲʲôоͲ֪ĲϲûһҪ˼
ŮҲЦҡҡͷˮҪʲôãѵĻ𣿡
ŮˮһʱҲˣȻ֪ˮĻˮٻ񣬿ˮһҶ軭ԼŮҪˮ
ӳˮСһﻭ˲ˣϰ¾Ҫһţǰգ粻գкûʦ¼Ҫʦˡ
û»ţû²ı£һһ¡
ˮЦ˵㣬⻭ƣ˵׼Լͻơ
뿪ң˻еʧģֻǲ֪ˮõ˾޴ĺôоˮ裬оŮҲǵõ˾޴ĺôʲôôͲˡ
ٴһת뵽˵ڶرңÿٴγڴһ֮Ǹ̾һ£Ϊҿ˱ء
ӣǰйӵɫӣֻӵɫѾȻоģ
һÿ˶۾һˮЦſˮƷ磺ϸ磬ѡһɣ
ˮƷҡҡͷϵɣ
ˮЦ˵أɣһ˿һʲôٷ䡣
ˮƷЦãҾʹһ˭õϡ
ˮЦû˵ˮƷߵұߵһһ
ǣ
Ӧ˿Ķʱһ㶣һӣ󣬵ȴɢľӨ֮ɫӴ򿪵˲һǿɢ
ˮ飡
ˮҲû뵽ֶúܵһǱⶫӵһˮ
ҪķʽѪ
ѪҲԣֻһɵĹЧۿۡ
ˮƷҲǸܵǿˮԲŴ򿪵ģڿˮҲܿģǿϲҪ֪һɵʵѾ൱ĲʵֱһɵʵҲǺֲܿġ
ˮͨԿôȻѡҪķϷЦ߹ȥɣ˿һˮϵʵֻˮϵĹȡ
Ҳϧ֪ķ
ˮƷЦҡҡͷʵ½֪ǵѪ򵥵ǵѪͿˣĶвٵһ֣öô򵥣еҪǾѪϸƣеǾѪͨѪ䡣
ʦԼһЩĶҲԼѪǲ׼ȷѵģȥҼʦæ󲿷ֶûҵİ취һ鷳
ˮЦóֱӴ̴ʳָξѪֵ֮˾ŵͨѪٵһξѪͨѪѪ֮סԪˮ顣
ܿʧˣˮƷʵȻϵҲǴʢ
ˮƷ֮󲻿˼ĿˮȻһһ㣬ԼƺҲǿ˺ܶࡣ
ˮ飬Ѿȫˣˡ
ˮЦſˮƷ磬ˮƷ۾һĵĿˮлл
ˣأҪҪٿһ
ˮЦָָӡ
Ѿõ̫ˣʣ²ʲôҶҪѾо׬ˡ
ˮƷҡҡͷᶨ˵
ˮʾŮȥɣô
յЦö㡣
ˮЦʾȥ
أ
Ӵ򿪵˲ܶ˶һ㶣ΪﻹһӣҲˮ飬򿪺ŷӱ֮ǰӸ֡
ˮһӣĪһҲˮ飿
ˮҲȥˣȻмǸҲһӣˮ飬ѵںйϵϾǱȵǱַ
ȻĶⶫˮϵСƷϡٵġ
ӱˮƷǸƺһ㣬Ҳǲ̫࣬ҲǲһǸյǸҪǿһΡ
ˮɴֱŮһŮһ壬һһ壬һ־ȻˮƷõĺô
ﶼе߾ֶ֮츳ѵĻ°빦Ůõôǲģˮϵ˲
ˮˮƷ磬ˮƷŮǿ٣ŮˮͺˮƷ粻ˡ
ⱦ󷽣Ҫֶ֪ǿģû뵽һˮ뵽һҶ庮ҷžͺˡ
ˮƷˮĴҲǺĶҲָܷԼһš


1740 ľͨ
ˮҲǸ̾һ˵ʵ٣Ůֱ
һ뵽½öԸַʽ֣ÿ춼˶ԼһֱҲǵõ첻þˣŮ츳õҲ
Ҳ͸о̫ˣˮԸŮõô˭룬Ůʵߣĺô
ֻôĲСôɣɣŮʹãͲŮĺôˣҲˡ
뵽ЩɵٴθоˮˣȻٶ༸ҲǲС
ŮҲ׬˲Сˮһûʲôô֮ǰʹù庮ҷһҶŮУһˮĻһúܴ
ߣȥĿӦûмҡ
ˮ߳رҡ
ʵˮо֮ǰǸͼõĺô޷ƵģûкôŮܵõ޴ĺôҲãûô
һˮߵʱ䳤һ㣬žŹͼϵĴ󣬵һγһرҵʱ򣬴жһ
ΪرҾ֮ǰ翴Ǽ䣬ǽϹһѽķ䣬֮ǰȻˣߵȷʵܲס
һ鷿һС鼮У֮ǽϵǰѽˡ
ߣ֧ͨһʥ֮ûɱ⣬ȴ˲С˭оѽԲһװν
Ƿ𽣣
ͻȻ˵
ˮҲǾȣ뵽Ǳַ֮һķﻹǸ̫ĳˡ
Ҳʥֻˣʥˣֱׯ˲á
ڷܽ𽣷ӳҲٺ٣ȻһҲãʲҲãһװκ񽣵
ˮǰѽ£תԣȻҡҡͷ˭ԣ
ˮƷҡҡͷȻʥߴߣϧ⽣ҪøߣҲгֵı
ˮ뵽һҶ裬ӦǱȽϺʵˣΪˮʱ֪ˡ
յֱӲԣ費ýˮһҶ衣
ˮ߹ȥϵһ鼮
ˮԭ֮ˮϵһʵ
ˮһ鼮ֻܱм򵥵ļҳֱùʱ򳭼Ҷĵģܲġ
յӹˡ
󲿷ֶˮϵǿս߹
ˮһ۾һ
ľͨ
ˮ㷭ҳ۾ˣһľϵȷе˵һǿľϵĹڼӶپͲ֪ˣˮҲûαǿһֱӽɾˡ
һ鼮ʱסˣΪⱾ鼮͹ӣֻûһ֣ɢӵϢ
ˮֱͨȥҲûа취顣
飬֮һ
⼸ˮ۾ٴһ֪ʲôˣ֮ǰһֱΪһأһֱû룬ҺͨȻ治֪ʲô취
йһֻȫʵһ

ҪзԵ˵ĲԵߵ֮
ˮЦˣǺöԼĿǰҪĶˣҪ֪ⶫһʵʱһʵһʵʱǻһʵˮһԵĶֻˮԵĹá
ˮȻûпοǶԷҪģֱӽɾˣһȥ
кˮֽôӸˣӣӣľˮһ
ˮָоǲΪԼ
ԼǲҪӣˮ˿ӣÿֻһţУֻһţЧˮ࣬ߵ·߲һӵҲһÿг֮⻹һӦй
𽣡ľ١ˮѡ̣
ˮеɵⲻһˮеһľٿ˿ıȽϵһƺ׼ߵľԼĻ·һЩĶȴЧġ
ѵҲǷ
Ҳн𽣡ľЩеϸʮ֮һˮܿģЩӱ˵ӱϵӣǸϵģˮƣôˣΪʲôŲأ
ˮȴǰ˼⣬ʱһŮֻóǱˮϵˮͬˮϵǿӶˮ
ˮҲûоܾڲǺú÷ֶʱұҪ


1741 飬ǿ
Ѱ̼飬ˮһҲˣеǷڴͿʱֳо޿ɱġ
ˮڲ֪ǲǻѰرңϾѾõһЩղŵĵطƺѰĶʱˣоһĲرӦûˡ
ʱһһĹȥˮһת˺ܾõصʱĵطʱҲ֤ʵˮĲ²⣬Ѿû
ջѾ൱ķˣϾҵʣµˮҲСĶҲαĶɣ
֪Ѿȥˣ߳رҵʱҲûдϢ޽̽
϶ʱ䣬ˮ飬ʵ˲һֲҪʲôʱ䣬Ǳֱʵҷ
ˮʵѾʵԿֲʵˮоԼҲǶôĺȻ֪Լ㲻㾮֮ܣоǰ⼸Ѿκв
ںǸԺ˵֧ô࣬ǰ֧ܷ˻֪ء
ˮԤУǸһⱱȵж֣ӦûŰԼȫ¶һ˿Ц⣬ԼҲȫ
辪ĿˮܵˮϢһ˿΢ĸоƺʵ٣ǵڶˣһǻǰʱ
ܿ϶ԼҲõ˺ܴĺôоˮӦǺԼõһЧĺôֻ˭õĸͲˡ
ʵյӦҲ֮࣬ǰһֱѷյһģѾˡ
֮ǰˮѡķ٣ڵûпˣΪ޵ԭ˲֪еԵɣˮȴг
Ůˮһһңرǰıѩ׵׳ŵùĹĵģǻȺÿޱȣҲ˵Ǿ˵ĵԡ
յҲѷɫοˮǼ®ɽĿģʱƽţǶԷ˶ɼͦûһΣѩϸˮɤһ󷢸ɡ
֡ᡱŤסˮĺˮ㿴ʲôأ
ˮܵСֵġᡱεЦЦҲû뵽ȻˣһֱֱĿǰΪ顣
յԹĿˮǲǲÿ
һˮƷһں棬еģԲõġ
ҲɫĿյ֪ı뺷ˮڻеܲˣǽ㣬ºˮ˵
ˮҪģҪԣ
յ˵žȻĸ֮
ˮֱʯˣϵܺãɲ֮࣬Ĳһ㣬״ı仯ô
辪һյ֣ϼεǽ㣬㻵ˡ

ˮ㻹ûлشҵĺÿÿ
յЦſˮ
ˮͷŮЦûмô֪òÿ
յ¶Цݣ˼˵õز㿴ˡ
ˮһ㶸æ˵ûûп
С˵ᣬǲ˰
յĿת
ˮֻܳĬǲԾ֪ˣ˵Ů˲һŮˣǰֻбϷķݡ
ˮ
յĽһ˵ջ
ˮһһԵ̲סһЦ˳ܺߵˮҲյ٩ҲرЦ
յϽϿڣ±䡣
ˮЦſյţôˣ
ȳ㿴Һòÿ˵òã
Ȼ˵ĻֱˮԴһҲеΣͻȻյ۽ǵһ˿Ц⡣
ˮͻȻ·ʲôס֣ã
һֵŮһ㶣յˮСֻһϣǸ۲۵ĳʵϷˮǳ׼˲ôϲˣǸԭҸˣġ
յסˮ֣ÿģ˵ˣʱȥ㡣
ĵˮһһĿǣǿͣˡ
ˮԶѾͣˣˮһѵַ˲رˣ
ܿˮǲرҲΪһֻ޴ػޣһֻģֻˮȵǺҲԱˮ뱦ҵľҪԶһ㡣
ˮ۾ǽˣ


1742 ˲һǿߣּ
ˮԸȻǱ£οһǶԷ¡ˮô죿
յüͷ
ˮƷҲǲԾüͷ˭̹Ȼã黹Ĺǡ
ˮôǲ룬ֻҪˮ߾С
ˮź¶һ˿ŰЦݣһ˵ߣɱһסɱ׼úͺƴ
ˮĻȻûеأȴеԾԾԣߵѪǷڵģǺöģ֪Уԡ
󣬵ع⻷
ˮվ˹λãվӷλãȻҲӹֻӷࡣ
ˮʵһսҲǽ磬֮ǰ˺ܶ࣬ػ޾޴ˣӵǿĻԡ
ŮˮƷ綼Ǻǿߣӵǿˮϵѹػ޵ĻԵǲѡ
ˮһֱźĶ֪ǻ᲻͵ϮԼˣԼһȵǲĵԼꣿ
ʶչһսһѴҪСġ
վڲԶ۾΢΢𣬿սеļˣǿһ˵ģȴǷԼƺСǡ
ȻһкͷˣһкҲǵλһЩ˵ġ
ҲɱǵģҸıˣЩá
˵
үŮأ
Ů£ŮһѾˣǻãֻҪУɱ
˵
Ǹ֮ǰ˵Ժ¶˵ı飬һԵ꼶Ҫٵĺüͷһ΢ߵ˵ɱǻôס
˵ߣģȴģԪǿ󣬶һ꼶ģҲúܶŮԺĽԭ
ãǸһǸ
ü϶˵
̾ƺʲôʧһüĿ΢΢ʹ
׼ãһᶯ֡
үǿԵȶԷɱػΣյʱֲǸ𣿡
֮ǰǸԺʵ
ǲſֽɱػ޵ģǷǵģȻǷǣúսˣǶְɣ֪ʵ
¶һ˿Ц⣬ǿɱ⡣
ˮ¶һ˿ԵЦ⣬ͻȻˮӰһˮƷߣʱ̺һҲˮƷǰеĲһѾͻϮˡ
û뵽ԭһȺĵĶ
ԡ
ˮڵʵ֮ǰǿһֱӲߵĹˮƷȴǱ̴ˣػޡ
ˮ׼ʶһСɽһĵ޳Ǻػм䣬ˮƷ类޵
ʱĺҲ˹ˮ۾һ˲絶һһڤҲˡ
ս⻷ѾˣҪǼӷġ
׷
շħ
ս
֮

ֱ޵£һз˲䣬ˮ֪ȻˣǾͲҪ֣ȫ
̤
ԣ
޴粨һɢȥˮǸΪ׵֮ǰȻѣˡ
ܲ˵ߵƷ⣬ʵôȻΨһһѣεģˮûжȴһ㣬һɫĹΡ
أ
һѪķĩƮɢڿУ˵Ӱʧˡ

һе˫۳죬ˮ
ôҲû뵽˲üǿһ֧һǿߣھǽǰЩ˶ɱ̸оʧˡ
ɫͷһѵ̸оǱԼģһλȥûа취ͼｻԼƿؼȵλڿ˵Ѿûϣ
ҪʬΡ
˫۳ˮ͵سȥ
꣡
ϳһֻѩ׵Ӱ׵һŹΣֻѩ׵ģɢǿҵ
СӣҪɢ
ˮӰЦˣ뵽˵๥Ȼû깥ǿ󣬵ˮҲʵܶ࣬Ǳ֮ǰǿ˺ܶࡣ
Բѣˣ֪ʲôǾ֮ܡ
ˮеĻƽսһָһɫһĶ֣һ֮˲ѩȥ
ɫҰףΪܵǿҵĳԼʶ˵Լʶڲ
䣡
ѩ׵Ӱûˣˮû꣬ѸٵĳŮΪŮƵЩš
ҲޣˮսҲǲ£ˮ޹ͶԷЩ㣬Ϳǿһʱ䵹Ҳ൱ͻƿڵĻǾޡ


1743 չɼ
ˮһϬĽһܴܿһͻƿڣˮһεĿʣµǸǿߡ
һ
ˮԷҲֻ֪޵Ŀ£Խֱһɣõİ취Ϊ֮ǰѾ˲ٰ취ûֻܳޡ
һߴˣвˮǱɱһˮһֱʹãϾÿֻʹһΣ֮ǰǸ˺ܵṳֱ̀ѣˣֱӱɱ
ˮֻ֪ҪٳʣµһߣôʤѶʹԼ־Եıɱһ
ĹѾ˶ʮĹǰܳܵģڿǿֲĻƽսɱʱһƬհס
䣡
ֱӴһƬ棬ռ䶼һ޴ѷ죬ˣһǰĺֱӱڶˡ
˲ʮѾĸˣˮɱˮƷɱһ֮ǰˮƷҲ·ˣµѾˮͬ۹ˡ
ɱ֮ˮ΢ɿսûнˮĵʽˡ
ʣµ߸ͻȻһ󷨣ͬʱһĸ
֮裡
ˮܵԷƺʵԼһ½ˮܵԼһ½ǿĺȻͰԵĻ֮תֱӵ
ԼȻû£ߵȴǻٵĶܵӰ죬ЩˮܵģҪǶԷʵ˲١
ռƣڱԷһһʵҲ΢ı仯
Ź
ˮֱӰɵ޻ס˺ػʱȴǳ˹֮ǰػޱ赲ţһſŭĻֱӶĴڡ
ˮõÿλÿػ޿ܵ
޴ػֱӳ˺ʱĺãʵҲƺ׼ʲôʱػ޳˹ȥ
ϱѾŭޱȣǰθޱȣΪ׼õɱ׼ϵˮµģȴͻȻػ޼˽
֮ŭŭն
һ޴İһ޲ٵĵնγȻֱػնȥնˮǲˣ޵ţ֮ǰսѾ֪ӴļһＸβҲûʲôв
žϬ·һһ޼᲻ݵֱػ޵ϡ
ǿһֱӲ㽫ػ룬һһ룬ȴˮѺһǺǲ롣
һûнػ޷ϵҲػʵһжػյĲʶػǿĹҲûвĴڡ
źٴһֱӽػ޷ϵȻٴˮˡ
ˮҲеѣԷػҲǿȻ֪Էʲô󷨣Ҳǹ汸ģĺܴġ
ˮӦ򶯣֪Էһ̫ͣãʱ˶ֻл
ԼƾǰγһϣһʱԷҲ޷Լô
ʱóһѹ
ɫĹǺܴ󣬵ҲСȼһ͸Ļ档
ˮһ˴󾪡
չ
ȻչǴ˵еĹ˵е̫Ȼûôȴڡ
иܱƵʹչҲĿˡ
ƽ˵һγһ֧
ɼ
ֻɼһֱãǰʹһСи
һ˵Ȼ󻺻乭ܿһŹҡ
չΧʢֱӽΧճ˻ɫԪҲǷչۣܿչΧγһž޴ӰƵչ
ˮɫˣӿ죬һڿɫӣȥ֪һ뵲ס֮ûκεİ취Ǳġ
ˮ
յסˮ
ҲǸӵĿˮ
ûµģģ
ˮٴǰȥ
¡
ˮƷҧ߳ȥߵ޷ˣˮһǰ档
ϸ磬ңңûܵסа취ҲҵЦ
ˮסˮƷ硣
ʱϴһ˿̵Ц⣬ˮȻһɣɼһ貵Ĺˮȥ
ٶȲǺܿ죬Ǹоܿ죬ΪĿɼĹ켣ˮӰһǰ档
ʶһ
ɽ
ˮľɽҲеŵģɽǿӭ貵ɼ
ԣ
ˮһɽֱһȥɼԼƺûмˮҲŵĹΡ


1744 ͼ
ɼģģסԼʧ֮ǰ䵽Լǲͣġ
ˮеĻƽսꪺǰɼϡ
ԣ
޴ˮеĻƽսꪶѳֲסӵɣѪɼɲٴˮȥ
ԣһ֣ˮϳ貵Ľ⣬׵Ч֮ǰѾˣһֱǳ˽׵Чˡ
ˮɳȥӰһ㣬ɼˮȥ
һ˶ˣ˭һѸףϢĻᣬڵˮûеֵ
ˮԽԽɼɫҲǱ任ĸоеһ˿̻΢Ц
ͻȻһӰǰסߣˮӰһ𣬾ͿɼֱӴ͸ǰӰȻû뵽Լؿʧˡ
ɼһģʧҲʧˣˮǰӰŻԼ
һ絶絶ʡ
յ
ԼǩյһʲôҲǵĵԼǰȻԼɼƻεתѾ½˺ܶࡣ
ˮƲᣬܶסյŲҰ׵ĽգؿﲻϵѪӿظѸٵĵţѪɲϵӿ
ˮûõģ
յҡͷ
βϵĻ䣬յһʱ޹⡣
㲻µģҲµġ
ˮ۾ģŬ˼ţȻһ֣гһѷҶӡ
ˮ޺ˮƷʱڵֵŶԷĽ
ҶȻ˵յ˵ӣֻܱ֤Ӳٶ񻯣ɼɣɼôǿ
ˮҪ˷Щʥҩˡ
һƬյ˵
裬չǣȥЩʰ˵
ˮյ裬Żƽսȥ
һ̵ˮž޴ɱ⣬һ̵ķŭѾٽ㣬Ҫɱ¾ҪйȻоԼҪ
Ź
Ӱһֱм
Ѫ٣
һ޴ѪɫȻ޴ĳֱӽмɢɵҲֱӱһ³忪һȱڡ
ˮŻƽսһѼһֱӳ˽ȥ
̤
ʱȻ̤¡
̤ѾúӰҪ֪֮ǰΪսǿһ߱˲ɱ
ˮҧľЧˮʱŭҲһֱӺͶԷӲģοԷ󷨵¡
ŹתǬ
ˮֱӺһλеĻƽսȻ̳
ٶȿ𻨣ǻеĴ֮һֻǱǰľ˲ֹһΡ
ôҲû뵽͵ߵˮôģߵͬô͵ǱߣʱصĴѸȥ
ˮٶȱ˲٣ԷֵΧԮһɡ
ֱۡӱˮȻӰٴһ
Ź˲ʱѾˮߣŭȴǴԺΧһӳԺУΧһһôƺҲ
ţͼЧ
ˮ۾Ժ׼ȷĴ󵶰յľ׼ޱȣӾͷһĿԼˡ
ڣһӰԼĲྱնϢˮɫˣѾܵǺĽʱӰ˼һתеĻƽսȻɨ
ֹʵͨ˴һֻǰٶ޷Ŵһ̶ȾͻˡԪԪԪͣйһ磬ͻͣ𣬴Ļһ̶ȾͻɻٴҲǿ
ˮڿǿн磬ﻹǺܼģͼ
һ뵽յ͸˲
֮ǰǸֱӱˮɨȥȻֵһ£ܵ˲˺
Ź
ˮڲ֪ʲôˮԷǰ֮һ㡣
һִԲľ磬Ҳͼ䣬ͼþŹ˱仯Źûб仯ֻǺͼڵһϾͱˡ
һûб䣬·ԭӿݵ·ƽĹ·ֱ֮ǰЧʷ˸ı仯
Źͼı仯翲·˹·ڵٶȺЧʣûгô··û̫
ˮ磬еĻƽսһɫһ㣬һδεı˵˵֣ûһһˮɥ


1745 ʥ޻ʥ
ˮı仯ʣµĺ󾪣ʿѾˣڸѾ˹ȵס
̴ʱ׹ڰײ㣬ȻоѾգѾߵ˾ͷƺɽˮز
һαˮˣˮʵƺȻ֮˺ܶ࣬ս֮ǰ˵ģûб䣬·ˣٶȻʮǧ
ͼǷ츲صģˮĸоǸоƺޱȣǰĺҲСɡ
ʱ䣬ˮĸоԽԽӰ˵ƮݺͰԵǿӰˮĸоںϡ
ֱϣ
ˮӰȻһתΧƺһĸоӰȻθһһһݣһĸоֻǵǲһ˭Ҳ˵
ԣ
ˮӰٴηֱϣ˵ķ·˲һһ嶼һΡúõһƺһ
ˮŭҪͷţɨյһۣӰٴΰθֱϡ
ԣ
һиֱһ٣ҲǸоһǸͦεӰָɽֹĸо

ԽԽоסˮˮӰϵôҲϲȥǱˮȥǳصĽŲ̤ȥ
̿ˮͻȻƺʲôʱˮĽȻ̤£
߲Ź
ˮһ̵̤ȻɳȥѪֻҲˣһֱʧڰС
ˮͼΧ»ʹó߲ŹǰʹòԷģȴǺ׵ʹó
ʵ
սǽˣеϷԣˮͻȻı仯սñеսƺֵһᡣ
սһˮϻصյߣŲ԰ļִӹ
յƵȹסˣҲȹסˮ£һƬҶӹҲάһµʱ䡣
ˮҪ˷ˣΣû£Ѿܿˡ
յˮϹſĵ΢Ц
ɵѾͷ˵ɵƨɡ
ˮܣԾı
ҲŲ£ʲôҶ¡
յ˵Цˮô
һͬܣǰıҶûȤ
裬ϸ磬ȥҸҿǾŹλĻͽһǿʲô˵ɵҩˮеĲɵ˵
ˮƷͷԥһҲǱ֮ȥ

ˮٴμһǵ壬֮ǰѸʧȹˣԼֻвʮƬķҲ˵ֻʮµ
ʮ̫ˣ
ǣʵһֱмûж˵
ˮ
ϲңŮʲôģЩҶš
յˮЦˣܿĵЦˡ
ˮϸһ˿ЦŮ˺ܴóŬɵӡ
κ㣬ܴܲӦһ
ˮ˵
ʲô
Цſˮ
κ㣬ɲҵӡ
ˮ˵
ЦˣˮˮǲǺܿûԸҪ
㲻ûҪҪ𡣡
ɵСӣʲôף㲻ôھΣһĸԸҺܸˣΪʲôԸ⣬㲻øоΡ
̧ͷԶ˵ĻԶ
оھûвϲģ֮ǰ̤һΪѾ˲ٵŮˣҪǸҲ㸺𣬽㣬Ƕί
ˮɬ˵
ģҲϲҡ
ǿĵĿˮ
һȻǵŮˣ˶ϲ˲Ƕϲͳȥһʶ鶯һҪڸϡ
³ס
ˮĻҲһ죬԰׵һĨ̬̺죬̲סˮһ䡣
ӦӦҡ
ΪʲôڲҪŮˣǲǿҡ
Цˡ
ûܿ㣬Ƕ뷲ӣ˭ҿ㣬ǶͿҰɡ
ˮͷЦ
ƶ죬֪ڵûϣˮĺܿģˡ
סˮ
ڣֻһһζҩζҩҾ㡣
ʲôҩ
ǿˮڿЦ
ʥ޻
ˮ˵
Ƕ˵ʥУûлδ֪˰ˮ
һæ˵Ϊ֪ǵطΣգǱһ֮ء


1746 ȥʥ
ֻҪһϣҾͲ뿪ҪˣͲѹ𡣡ˮҡҡͷ
ˮҲΪðգһȷеɡ
ûʥ޻һбİ취ûҵ뿪˭ܰߡ
ˮᶨ˵
ˮ
ӦңҪǿĻȥ뷨һҵһ죬ǵĻ绹ûаڣ㲻𣬵ˣǾòá
ˮ˵һЩŬȥɡ
˵־Ҫ־ͻǿޱȣеһ޷Ļܻ־á
յ˫һƬΣϺĿˮůĺһ죬иԼĺӣˣҲ¶ˡ
Ŀ𣿡
ǿˮϣ˵
ȻԣȻȥˣҰģвõɵҩҵҽҿԱ֤
ˮ뵽Լҩǲһ㾭飬ҩˣ֪ʲôʱܴҩеҩеԶˮȲ˽ˡ
ˮǾ˫ǰǰʥͬʱϣԼҩϣҵʥ޻
ҴӦ㣬ҲĴӦң£кܶҪ㣬㲻һˡ
˵֪赲ˮģҲ֪֪أֻҪԼͿˡ
ţҶҵһܺãǺǿģΣҲȫˡ
ˮ仰ڴ
ˮǰչ֮ǰɱȺˣǰˮҲǺϲͼ䣬о棬ʵԼ˵ǿͳȥ⹭ǲ˵ˡ
ϧûɼˮжʱԼԼҲвٵĶϣҲѰҶϡ
ˮ֮ǰˣ·ҶӣȻɫе԰ףѾһˣΪȫָ֮ǰʣ޼ˡ
Ǵˮ·ϻеģˮĿһ˵ĸо
ˮܳأŮΪԼԲҪһŮ˿ΪʲôҪġ
֮ǰ˵ĻǼٵģû˲ϲǣ˶ϲһִˣȻҲ檣ﻹǺܴͳҲ룬ҪѾ˲Ůˣÿһ䲻ϵĸоǿ߶檳ȺǺ̹Ȼԡ
ˮٴ֪ϧǰˣҪԼͰԼźҲΪʲô˵֮ǰҪԼŮ˵Ļ
ǿˮֲɵ뵽֮ǰΪԼĵɫ˵ҪԼӣһʱе㽺
ʱˮƷ缸˻Լˮ޻εڤȻˡ
Ѿվ첽߹ôˣһû
еɫҲһůǲ׽õȴǱ׽ûף֮ǰм֮һƬհס
裬ûˣˣҵʲôöûУ
Цʵɫе԰֮⣬ʲôˡ
ûҵɵҩм鲻Сʯͷ֮࣬Ѳһǹ
ʧ˵
ˮ֪ᷢǲⱱȵģڵõٵĺôȴǵΪδ֪
ʰһ£׼ȥ
ˮ˵һҲȥˣҵرҾˣ⻹޵Ĺͣܲҵδ֪ػҲô׶Ըġ
ˮһѰıҲûʲô̫ĸокһ׼뿪
ˮһ˾ͳ˱ȵоʹ˲ʱ䣬һܵʱͻرգȻһж𣬵ȻҲпܻ˿ȥ
ˮڲǺܵģȺ֪ԼɱЩʱ򻹲֪ʲôʱˣҪôκǡ
ˮˮϵŪһݻһЩĶˮƷ磬ˮƷҲûоܾʱˮ¶ˡ
صպһҶ֪ǵҲѹҲ֪ô죬ˮҺһȥѰʥ޻
Ǻأ
ˮɻʵ
ȥɣ
˵
ȥɣ
庮ҷ˵
Ƕ£ҲҪȻ뿪Ҳġ
ˮЦ˵
ˮóˮӺͷ𽣵ݸһҶ裺ѷ𽣣ܲá
ţǷ𽣣ֻʥ࣬˲ʹá
Ц˵ʱȻ٩һҶ衣
ˮһҶˮӣ庮ҷһе㲻֪ʲôоûԼ𡭡


1747 ˮͼŮʵ
ˮʵһҶˮ飬Чˮ˿һҶʵҲΪʵԭ򣬸ŴеĲɺá
һҶŮĴУǿʣһҲˮе֡һҶ𽣡
һҶʹ÷𽣵˵ԺоˮѾˣѩ׳ʥ֮һҶϢںһˮǸоޱȵľȡ
̫ˣ··ΪһҶ׼ġ
һҶ֮ҲǿˮͨҲˣԼǲš
ʥ񽣣
ԭǷ𽣣ֻΪڱ˷𽣵ֲ֣ҪֻҪѽʺһҶͿˡ
ʵ屶ٶȣе˺ӿԼеĻָ屶
սʥػ
ʥػÿʹһΣԷһΣԶʹ֮ķٴһһʱ
ǿʥ֮һЩаĶŶһ˺ӳɡ
ɳɳ
ˮĽԼĻƽսֻǿĹʥ񽣣ԼĻƽս꪿ȻĿǰĿԻСǿƻһЩ۷ҲסƽսһЩǿĿǡ
ʥ񽣻ǿγ̳͸ѵˣֻûˮɻûпûгɳ
ЩҪֻҪǺöУһҶʵֱӳΪˮ֮ǿĴˣǱڵˮҲֻ΢ѷɫһЩʵѾ
ˮ뵽ŮͼеŮӽܣŷǣôֻҪлǵʵͻͻͽ
һҶڵǿˮܿģҲɿϾҪ뿪һҶʵ̫ˡ
ôһȥˣˮ庮ҷȻʼûбֳʲôǸоеһį
ˮҲܻ䣬ס֣庮ҷ΢΢һ죬һҶ輸ŮǰǺܺߵġ
ղһ£Ǿʣڻнľǲˣҿãÿ˿ţҿսľ
ˮ˵óӵݸ庮ҷߣȥʵȥ
ˮ庮ҷҸ徲һĵط
ˮǻ𱬵ģޱȵϬͻƽսꪵԵǺܷϣÿֻһţˮ庮ҷ⣬ˮҲ֪ǲǺã庮ҷƺܿģһŮ˶ôһֻܺ;֮ޡ
ˣȻһػѡ
ˮһ֮;ܴ֮Ҳˮɻ
庮ҷʹľʵõ˿ǰҲ࣬ˮɻ󣬵ʹֻ֮һıʵ
ˮƺһЩƺʵԽǿӵԽ٣һҶ裬庮ҷʵԼֻһ
ʵѾֲܿˣҪ֪ͻȻһʵֻͻһܴﵽˮˣˮʵﵽ˲ʵ
һҶ庮ҷ඼ʵһЩһЩǺ࣬Ҫһ㣬һЩϧڡ
ˮеЩÿ˷һݣѾˣˮ֮ǰõЩϡĽ
һˮǰĶҪãƷʵˮ뵽չ뵽ƺù֮ǰȻˡ
ŮһڹȻͨ뵽ˮֱӰչ裬Ȼ˵ҸһЩ
ԥһ½ӹˮչһӵ䷢ˣһѤĹνΧ
ˮһ㶣Ȼ
ˣչҲҪ֪ĴڣΪҪãĿ̫СˣˮҲǵһμ
ƺҲסˣòŻعˮҲܵʵٴܶѾԽһҶ庮ҷĲǺܶ࣬ʵﵽ
ʵȴǿģҪչ״Ҳ˱仯仯ĺСҪǹҲܵá
ˮȥʥһȥɣ㲻õˡ
һҶ˵
庮ҷҲЦ˵һһֱһɣҪȥҲС
Һһȥɣ
˵
ŮЦſ衣
ҷҪǹУû¡
仰ʲô
ãڤ
ˮ벻ٷˣȻһ費ÿģڸоԱ


1748 ˼У֮
ˮ˵Ů֪ҲûʲôãҲû˵ˣڵʵѾǿˣٱˮµļֻҪǿˡʱѾٽˣˮԹ緹ͶˮôежûȰˮ
ǶûȰȻҲûȰʵҶܼˮ˵Ҳ·ġ
һʢ緹ȻҶŬĵ˵ţǸоһ˿꣬ٷԵĺܿ졣
ˮһ󷨣ڤ⼸ֻʵǿ󣬶ҪǿǿֻǿϵޣڤɱͬĴݣǱǿܶĴҲ˲ǡ
ˮһ̶ҲǿԵܣǿϵĶܣϵ޺ܶʱһ˲Ťתս֡
ˮǱŮ·ˣĿǱʥ
ʥǱһյأˮѾǰ·ߵͼҪ·ҲǺΣա
űѸٵǰˮȻˮݣˮǾʹþУѾںʹˡ
ˮ֪ǲǺˮйϵֵøˣϾں嫵ĺвʹǾ̫ʧˡ
ûʧڿʹþˣˮںҲˮ
ˮ³һֻˮĹΣȻ˰һʧԭأȻһһεĳ֡
ˮľѾǰܶˣôõʱﾳٴ
ģ
ݴ½ǳƬ;ƶɣĪ
ٶʮļʮʵҲֺսС
У߶ģУ˲佫ﵽһֱϵǧ֮⣬ǰڰ˼֮أÿʹһٴΡ
ЯΧ֮ڵһ壬˺Լ
ʹȼ
ˮˣԼһľģֻǵ˵߾ʱʾǰûʾ
˾ĵľУˮȥҲôѹȻʮµʱҪأҪʥ޻ֻܿˣڵٶȹƾԲ¾ܵʥ
һʮεʱˮͣˣѾԶԶ뿪պǸ򣬾Ҳʣ¼ΣõģϾﲻڱԵ
һ޼ʵĺˮΧһûʲôʵһЩɽһЩ͵ĺޡȣˮϵϢֱܡ
г
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ʵ֪ˮľһжԶоӦúԶ
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֪ˮ仰˼ҵʥ޻ĿԺСС
Ҫģаա
ˮįɫοһ䡣
ǽܿ࣬һˣ⼸Ӱ룬ı׽ûףĺܵʧȥκһ
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ЦЦɫıܿ񣬿ˮֿоԼĺܿ졣
Ϣһ£ˣ̫Ÿ·оУʱˮϵʲôһ£һЩΣҲǵʵ
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1749 ľͨ¥
ľͨһרľϵˮоľԵĹҪǿˮѾֳһľͨ庮ҷ庮ҷʹеľӣľ֮ԸһݣĿǰӦûò
ˮڿľͨһᣬ£ľ֮ˮľϵϵѾˣ֮ľ֮Ϊøȹ̣Ͼľ֮ˮɵĸо
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ˮнӣڽԺͻǿ˺ܶ࣬ˮڵĻͽ𽣵˲١
ˮһֱоԼʵõķľϵѪ٣ˮеľС
һˮʵȻҲˮǴߣȻľͨôܽľй
ҲһЩޣϾľ֮ĶĶԱ˻ˮֻǽˣõľͨ
ˮһͻʳһܵʱˮľȫգϾ֮ǰѾϺܾͨˡ
ºˮʼѧϰľͨľͨľĹһһֱѧ֮Ϳԣõһľϵ
ֻľϵ
ˮľϵϱǿѧϰֵĺܿ죬ʱ仹һһĹȥһֱˮȥʱûɹ
ȻûɹˮǺܿģԤв̫ʱƿأʱԼǿľϵˣǿĿ
һǿ󣬵ֻʹһΣޣֻҪԼľϵǿôɱУ˲ɱǿԼﵽһ硣
󿴵վƺʲôΧˮ΢΢۾Χı仯һûΧԪȴڲϵĴ߶ˮҲԽԽ󣬶ƺҲԽԽ󣬷·һ޵׶һ
ˮ۾һˮߵĸͣĸһֱάһӺ˫ۡ
Ȼеƣһ˿˷ܣˮһЦ֪ѾȥˣˮЦŵͷԵ㶫Ǹ·
ˮҲǿʱģھڶʱֻаʱ궫ͿԸ·ȻֱʹþУһʣµļξ֮Ҳ͵ڶˡ
ˮĳԵɾõģˮݿˮԪԱƿΧˮﵽһΧˮĻ
費ǵһγˮĶÿζǳԵ˻ζÿζе㲻˼оԵĺö࣬Ϊǿߣٶ಻õĳ֣оǲôÿ
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Ŷ迴ˮʵ
ûй˵ϣôˣ
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ˮΪԭеʶǺǿģ˵жиԵԣϬǿ񱩣ˮ˳ľǺء
˵ˮֻ΢ͣһ½ЦЩ֪ˮʹˮɣһкǧˮ죬ˮ顣
ˮ˵ĺеأ˵ˮͲ˵ˣǳŶ
ȻΧھڴУˮᣬ֪ˮ飬һγƣֲޱȣˮƶ¡
۾һѸԶܿ߳һһУ˵ĸʱûӣеĴСȴһתٶȺɱϢǿһֹ
Ҫڵƺ⣬ƺ˿Ӱϵˮдн磬пٶߺܶ࣬ӰҲһ׽
ܾ֮ͣϴſĵ΢Цߵˮǰлл
֮仹𡣡
ˮûпҡҡͷ˵
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Уذʮξŵʱˮͣһˮ³ǳأΧĺ¥ˮ˵𺳡
ԭҲôķ½ƺӵķԽԽǷſĺһƬƬ繬һ¥󣬿ĿϾӾĳĺǿ


1750 ҹ¥
Ǻӣˮ֮ŻعһֱΪеǻֻһƬƬĶʲôģڲ֪ˣĺס
ֱڶںиµʶ֮ǰҪȫģ½ظ࣬پݵ½ûкҲֱϵʶϾ½Ҳֻ֪Ǹоġ
￴ɣҲʥ޻ġ
ˮ˵
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ʵ
¥ɣϢ࣬Ϣ
ˮ˵ʹͷſĽֵ¥
ԶһͷУŸ壬ܶǱܴһ޽ӽıʾѪͳԽ߹󣬻˵ʵԽǿ

һڱˮѾΧ̸ˣˮһľ߱߿Χ
ˮǱһ¥
迴Զˮָ
ˮһֱڿ֮ǰҲţ⿴Ļָŵķȥ
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Ǻǰеĺһĺ½ϵһֻĸƺܴͷǣƼˮ½ϵ֪ܲ˶ٱ
ˮиоˮĴڣ½һںˮһζһķʽķΧ㣬ǰ󶼿ԣ½ϿǰңµʱҪһΪſԷС
ҹ¥ռܴﲢûƳ˵ˣſȥҪȸһ޵ľˡ
ˮеľ˺ܶ࣬ںҺ;ӵйĴڣ޺ܶͨվ˵ġ
ڵ;˵ڵһҪƣʲô޶յģȴǴ󲿷ֿԱգеȼƣͬ޾ˣյͼûʲôЧֻֽ׶ûб͵ʱգƿʱվͲˣͻƿͨվ
ʵҪȹ̣ȻյЧۿ߻ħҲп޷ա
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½ҲãϿҲã糾ҲձڵģһȥĶһʵġ
迴ЩҲǼֲ֣ˮֱ¥ȥ
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ˮΪһЩߴһЩģȻҲֵĴòˡ
ܣһϢû
΢Զһһ˵
ˮ۾ɨһֻۣɨһΪԷϵϢǿҲԭſȥġ
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˵
ˮ˼һһǱ򣬱ӦһأһĻǸģ
ΪʲôҪôԶ
ܿ˺ã


1751 һ
ˮʱҲѰʮѾˣѰʱ仹ûйǲ֪ѾˡʲôĸӦڻȷκΪʲô
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ƺ΢ѹһ
ŮˣʲôŮúϧͱս
ܲʵ
ţȢһŮˣŮ˱ĵˣñΪԼʵǿ󣬸оΥԼԸû뵽ֱӰѺʹ߸նˡ
նĺð⺣ʵʲô鶼Ϊ۸
ƺرĿġ
ˮҲһ㶣裺ʲôŮ˫Ҫ֡
ôҲһţ
Ŀˮ
ˮĿҪһŵĻôԶ𡣡
һ㶣һ죬ƺ뵽ʲô΢΢ͷ˵ˣԼҲ֪ô˵һƺɣһ˵ɡ
뵽ԼҲԼΪʲôĸоѵֻΪԼӣƺԼҲ
Ҳûʲô룬ƺеţең뵽Ҳϲ庮ҷ
ЩŮһ֮ŮǶϲˣ̧ͷٴδӦǺϤˡ
ӦǳĻаɣ꣬ʱ棬Ů˺ܳ硢ܺã
ÿ𣿡
ˮЦſ衣
ˮϸˣˮһۣÿ
СŮ˵ӻǺܺÿģˮҲ޿޵ľգ޳ˣѩ׵ķ۾£ͦεؽ·߸߳Ļˮеȡ
ôõһðײôʱ䣬˰ɣԼȻûԽԽԼ
Էû˵ΪǸŮˣˮҲģϾԷ˵ԼҲʶˮĵ˫˭ܰ˭򵹡
ˮڵʵǿˣͼǿսѾôĺԺˬر̼ƿصһ֧
ͨһмѯ˼䣬֪ͱŮ˵ĺ̼ˣӦû̵ĸ𽭡
֪ˮҲûʲô̫Ȥ׼Ϣһ·ĿǰҪ黹ȥʥ˭˭ûйϵȻԸϣʤΪ̵ԭԺûʲôøС
ˮҪҪأ
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ͷ˺ܿ뿪Ȼûеõ̫ϢҲ֪⺣ƺ̫ãұƺҲǡ
˵ĵ˾ѣˮԺûµĻԽһԿҲˮǸоͺвֻ̼࣬ƿصǸ֧ͲôöԸġ
ˮŰֱ뿪ϿѸٵĴķ羰һһӺˮͻȻ̧ͷԶ
ҲΪԶȻⲻʮ˵վƺڵʲôܿˮͿˣǺһ塣
ʮˮһ룬²Ӧڵȴɣ֮ǰһսˮЦֱӹȥҪ鷳
ţ
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ô죬ˮ
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Ϊ׵һһģˣӢһͿܿˮͷֶԷֻǿǰƺ죬һ˫۾һ˿˵Ȼ
壬治壬ǰҪÿ
֪ʲôǣ
ˮɫÿʵ
ȴûпˮֱӿ裬һŵ̰ˮһֱעԷһ̾丸ӣΪŮѾַˣҶͬһŮˡ
ʲôˣΪʲôƵôҪͷϷɹȥ
ʱſˮе㲻˵
ʵڴ½˲һʵûзָµʱԷ˭ҲԸƵҲԸӶԷɹһֺܴ裬ˮڲ֮ǰֻǵòԸȥ˶ԷҲԸöԷȥ


1752 ս
ΪʲôҪƵ
ˮͶ⺣ûʲôøУԷǳĻǲˬοԼֲǣûбҪ
ֱӲ˵ΪʲôҪӶԷɹȥҲûз㣬ֻֻ˵ԼΪʲôҪƵԷ
ȻڶԺ֪ԷӦûŵ˵Щʲô
Ȼˮ˵Ϊ׵˿ˮмЦΪʲôҪƵƵƵûˣ˵ĲģƵҲûлˡ
𽭿ˮûа˷УǰĿϣе̰е޼ɵˡ
ˮܲ⣬˵ڵΪӦòôǳ뷨ҲûбҪϡ
ˮ֪һܶ඼ˣʵϣǿʳһ򵥱ʵķʽǿҾҪģ쾭塣
ǰķ᲻һЩ͵͵ʡˡ
һҪ飬ûʱ£ÿɣ
ˮҲ÷ϻˣȻǾʹһ̺ˣԼʵûгء
ҿʲôôš
˵ֱˮ˹ȥ
ˮ۾ʵһ˲Ѿ۷壬ȻһȻֱȥеĻƽսֱɽ˳ȥ
ԡ޴ıΧһжһĿնɢһȦȦ
ˮ¶΢Ц֪ԷûгȫԼӲӲûԷ˳Զ
̼ҵĺֻеһ֧⻹ǵסˮģΪ֮ǰһֵҲԼܶԸģȴһˡ
𽭲ŵĿˮ˾ȻôǿʵȻԼûʹóȫԼʹȫҲͺͶԷ൱Ҳ֪Էûʹóȫ
һʱζƿһܲζһʱ޷ܣһ׶԰һ׶԰޸һ
ʱԶֹһˣҲʮˣźͺ˲࣬ˮҲ֪ӦǱˡ
Ϊ׵Ҳһʵˣ𽭶һִֿĿֱ࣬ӣһ˫۾ϡ
˿龰ˮͷ𽭿ڣףôôǱ
ϷʵĿΣˮӦ֪ԷӦÿ֮ǰ龰ˣȻԼͷһѺõıʾ
ӣʲôǶҪ
ɫƽֻǱ֮ǰ˺ܶ࣬ݵĿɢǿҵ׹⡣
ˮеƣ鱾ûԼʲôģ˭˭ɱԼûйϵôɣϡͿľͰԼƽˡ
˭˵׼ء
˵ƺɲ١
Ȼ飬棬˭Ӯ˾ӵѩ
𽭿Ӻ˵
ˮѾûʲô˵ˣ𽭵֣֪Ϊʲôˮо˵Ļܰ׳գˮǿһһһȥ˵Ƕһģ˭Ӯˣ˭ҪǸ
ʵ𽭵ĻǶôİ׳գ½ڵӣҲеߣϾǸѾŮˣʵϣҲһ˶ϵŮˣȻҪֻΪ˵ѩȴûһȨⲻܲ˵һ
ӻû˵𽭽˵ôˣǲˣ
𽭺ɲˮͶԷ֣ĻҲʲô⣬֪ӲԼĶ֣ͻûʲôвˣʱȫԸˡ
ҪӣűҪⶼǲ˵⣬е˶ܳסġ
ãҴӦ㡣
ҧ˵
¶һ΢ЦȻֱӳȥв֪ʲôʱһѲһͨѩɢɫĹâ
𽭴̺ܺãһӴӦж޲Ͻӽ
ҲʾһѴǹӮȥӵǹɶϸɢһɰǹԵǰٱ֮ס
ˮĻƽսʵߵҲǹ·ߣֻǱǹӰԵ
ˮǵһοӵовӾı֮һӵʵԾԿŵǰ棬ϬϬԿסֵı
ԡ˫սܿҲѸ٣غˮͷӱ𽭲һЩڲһѾԳˣܳһᡣ
ǹ꣡
һͳӵĴǹƺһѣˮƺӳΪһһɢԵϢһ˿ɱ֮


1753 ˮ֣˲ת
ӵʵһ˲õ޴·˲ȵѹһ
ߵսֻʵʵս飬ԼԹս⾳磬֮õȣǲɺӵġ
ƾ蹦ѹ£ǿʽ緭һĲʹƺһٽ¡
ƺǲʵģȻʱѹƣûţҺܿϾͳһƵỊ̇ʵһ㣬۾Կ
֮裡
ˮһμ˺֮裬һα֮ǰƺǿս裬ʿܽͶԷʿĸ
ܿӵһûˣȴԽԽˮɱӵƺôˣèһ
ǹ
һһԵ͵ϢеĴǹֱӵһŹһ˺ʹǹΪһϬĴ󹭡
ӣĺеĲӣΧһ޴صıǽԪɣҪӲ

ǹֱڿлһڵѷӰһ貵Ѥʡ
ԡıɢӰһ˿ƣҲһЩǱؿڴȵǻһ˿ѪˮܸоԷֻˡ
ɱˣڵɣ
˵꣬еĲӱ͸һߵѩһµĲ֪Ǳ滹âһ֮ͷƤ顣
еȻҲ֪ԼǶԷĶ֣һѪԺ֪ԷڸԼȴֿƲ֪Լô
ȥɣ
ҹ֮ŭ
ϵٴһأȻеĲӴ˴ӣһϢס
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һǹϽ
ʩչһ˲䣬һɺصϢΧƺһһֹ˾ٶʲôĶ˺ܶࡣ
෴𽭵ӰȻһ٣ƺڱϻͻȻϻһٶ˺ֹܶ࣬ˣʵҲ½˺ܶ࣬ҪһޱȵľţͻȻԼս
ֹܷģôһ飬𽭾ͳ׵ıˡ
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Ҫǹؼʱˣ˫սתҲֻ˲䣬ֳ龰ʱڹӺ𽭶֪ô¡
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ӵûʲô˺أпڱﲻϵѪҲЩѪΧʵġ
ҲǺˣǴˣһΣ㲡Ҫ֮ǰԷԼκأʱȻĴʱ򲻽̫ˡ
Ӱһŵɳȥ𽭹ȥ
ң
ﻹǿߣɫ䣬Ѹӳȥͼסӡ
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ˣһ룬Ҳˣˮ֪ܱܲסˣƲñ˶֣Ҳб˶֣ȡ̼ҳΪĵ
еǱĻߵˮǰ˵лǰ
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̼˱ˣֻܶ࣬һǰҲҪСģԺõӵĵط֪ͨһ£ɽ𺣾üͷ
Ӻ˵
ˣˡ
ǰǱǰƼݹȥҺлһ
Сĵ˵
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ӿˮɫС˵
ˮԥһµͷЦҪʥ޻ˣھҪǰʥѰʥ޻
ˮ˵꿴ӡ


1754 ʥɽİսз
ˮĻʵ΢΢һȻˮһûУһʥ޻Ϣǲ֪׼׼
ƺԥ׼׼ǲҪ˵ˮ۾һѨδ磬ȻһĸݣЦ˵һ£ºлϵܣ˵⻰Ǵˣֻǲȷ治棬ҲҪԵϣд˵ʥ޻ʵǿ󡣡
޷ϸֱ˵ɣзִ硣
ˮֻҪ֪˭УûʽҪõġ
ʥһǿʥɽǲʵǿ󣬺ǿʥϾǵĺ԰һϵʥҲĻȥʥɽԣסҪͶԷͻ
˵
ˮͷﻹǺܿĵģ˵ʥɽӦӵʥ޻ģϾʥ
оʥڱˣӦԵ΢һ˵кڰĴڣ󣬾Ǻһд˵ԼʵһطǾǺ
ˮҲ֪ǲģˮҲûоʵѾǾڵˮ֪ԼǲصĴڣ֪һصʵǰ඼ϵµĴڣԼڻصĻ˷˼ˡ
ûˮڱϾ֮ǰˮ˵˻Ҫ£ߵʱˮʱһҪ
ˮҲӦˣȻֱӺ뿪ˣѾ˸ȷеĿˣʥڣˮԼҲӦҲܴʥɽһɡ


ʱˮиһأͻȻһǵصѹϮǰһ޴޺
ˮٴʩչѾֽȻеĻƽսֱӴ
һ
ˮʵ˲䱬ߣֱʯ쾪һĳ϶Ѿʵˣ·ʤõķ
ˮһﵽ˿ֲʮ
䣡

ˮ嵹û£һްԵֱӱҵĵɳȥзҽпѪֲһһɽҲƽˡ
ʱˮſʲô
սз
ˮ֪սзƽսзԼϽսзϽսзûмû뵽ȴǳһֻսз
ˮڰսзͰսзǿԷģаսзǰսзģϾһߵʵǲܱģһĹ򣬱սзԶͣԶܳΪƽսЬܳΪƽսзսзһĻƽսзҪǿһЩͻƽսзͲʮǧ
ͨİսзмͻƻƽսзߣʮ֮һ֮һսзһڰսзһֻµߡ
ˮǰֻްһİսзͨ徧Өô忴ֺܺÿĸоҲ
ˮȵǣ޴İսзһģһӢˬŮӣһѩ׵ȹѪ㣬ɫе԰ס
ˮ뵽սзҲܳΪӣһЩֻҪϸһ໹еġ
ǰŮ˲һڵˮҲǵ಻һϢܲ޳ˮ˫ͫһ˿Į޳ѩ׵Ĳǰĸʽ·߸߳𣬲ǰѩ׵·һѪ˵ѾˣƺǺᡣ
ƽ̹Сϸֱ֫޳˫ȣһ˫ѩ׵İսѥ΢΢Ĳƺܼʹࡣ
ˮҲû뵽սзôǿҪ֪սзˮڵʵǰֵһᣬսзǱߵ趼й֮޲ϾǿֲɱˮЩġ
ǰսзĿҲһǿһֻûɱԷǿʮҪһЩĹ
ֻ·͵Ϯǵġ
ˮ˵ܣֲԶһ޴ĶѨӦĶ
ǲġ

ˮĿŶԷʱˣǿѵԼɱ
ˣɱ㡣
ˮЦʵ
ȻϣҲһֱû֣˵ܲɱҡ
Ů˿ˮ˵
ˮоһ˵ϢӣŮԽԽоģѾЩ仯ʶеͼһϢˮָоɢ
ˮͷҲһЩɫе㳱죬̨һ£ع迴ˮɫˡ


1755 ոľͨǿ
ˮ֪ΪʲôͻȻô죬뵽֮ǰԼŮջܱŮջǾ˵ˣֻǲ֪ʲôʧǸͻȻԣԭ򡭡
սзķͬһ㣬ǿǶŮЧģһŮ˵ĹֻЧ²ıģȻҲһЩ˼Ťˣ׷ȻҲǲͬġˮͻȻöİսзҲһɣӰսзõһǿܶʱ϶ǰѶԷԻȻ׾ٵĽ֣ö໥ɱ
ˮŶԷϲֶԴ¶ԷһŮˣת俴ŶԷеĻƽսҲǻ̧
ŹңҿԳ㡣
ˮҪһ˲䣬սз˵ƺܼѡ
֪Լ˵öԷĶôܿϾͻᱻɱܸܵ˵ɱ֪ԼУôһԻסˣΪߵŮ˱ԼƯϱҲԷ
ĿˮˮƺܵĿ⣬Ц裬ι£ȻһѪ鴦
ˮʥ޵ѱ޵ģʥ޵Ѿǰǿˣԭ˺ܶ౶ȻҲ˺ܶࡣ
ԥһҲûоܾЦ˵ڣ
ˮӣô𣬵ҿ㶼סġ
ˮĻʹˮһۣȻˮĻʥ޵ιսз£ڶԷ鴦һѪ
һѤĹһǳǳİսзӰû뵽С
ˣˮҲûа취½ộֻǴսзһ룬Ҳᱳѡ
սзûʲôжϺ֮ޱȣƽʱ״ֻ̬ʱſԷӳǿʵ

һܵ˵ǲģϾõ˾޴ĺôսзģĴ̫ˣǿޱȡ
ˮ֮ǰȻɱģɱҲôģڴ½ܶʱͬġ
ˮԼڵİ񣬰սзֽаˮѾϰˣ߽ĶܸɾرҾһŮӵҡս롣
ˮûдõʲôԼĿռƷʲôҲˡ
ҲˣˮɴϢһᣬʱ뿪
ˮһס£ųֱֻ֮ӽɾ
ɾУˮľͨ⼸һֱѾ˹ؼʱ̣һξܽľͨա
ˮվɾİУΧһȦȦľ٣ִףԾֻͨľѾʮֱĴϸ
ˮʵѾǿֲˣϾҪѾ޴޸סϸҲ
ۣ
Ҳ֪˶ãһ΢·ʲôѨϱͨһˮߵľٷһЩ΢ı仯Ҳźܴı仯
ľٵĴϸСƺûʲô仯ľٵɫȷʵҲǱ֮ǰܼž˸оǿޱȡ
ˮһȭȥ
ԣ
Ȼֻһĺۼͷ·һ˵Ƥһˮʩչͨľ١
ˮʶһһӣΧľֱһߣΪ˰ɫѪ٣֮ǰľٸӵĴ׳ɢƷ·Ҫɵһ㡣
ˣľͨˡ
ˮźǰӵѪ٣һ㣬ĵ̸ӵļӲѪٵҲǱǰǿ˺ܶࡣ
һ
ˮĻƽսȫһѪٴȥ
ˮȫһһһʮĹϻƽսꪵֱӺѪϡ
ˮ֪ڵѪٵǿ˿û֣ѪٵļǲֵܵסԼȫһ
޴ĺ֮ˮЦˣŻûʲô仯ѪоԼӦø˰ɣԼǿĹȷʵƻѪ٣ԼĹУѪٵļ̫ǿ
öԼĹˮڵĹǹǿľͨɹˮѪֻñ̬ݡ
ˮ˵ٴδѪ٣ǿ񱩵֪ѪٲֻǼ˺ܶ࣬Ҳһֹ
ľͨǶľϵһǿͬʱˮҲǿˮ֮ԼһӦ


1756 㡢Ů񡭡
ľ֮ͨˮоԼˣΪѪٲǿ󣬷ҲǺǿ󣬿ԼԼˡ
Ѫ֮⣬ˮҪ𽣣Ͼ̷˽ͻӣβ˵ˣ𣬻ʲôģˣʱоɽˮֻ˵ش̡
ľΪľ֮ͨ⣬һЩʱһȥˮҲţ̬ȣ֪ľ͵˳ȥʱˡ
ѾȥʱˣѾ׼ˣûðսзˮҲûʡ
߰ɣ
ˮΧ˵
ţˣû
΢Ц˵
ˮڸоŮеǰͬˣҲ֪Ϊʲôƺ׽һЩ̸ֹǰûеһ˿⣬һ׽һ˵ı֡
ǷԺʶ̣Լ֮ǰĹĲȫԵģӱܲǰ취ܽ⡣
ֺôԼİá
ʵھ˵ˮȫ֪ʲô뷨ϲϲԼȷôһ˵оԼǲе̫Ҷˡ
Ҳٿ
ˮЦ˵
㿴ʲô
ʵŲˮĻ
ٿ㡣
ˮ˵ͻȻһ飬Щ鲻ÿı⣬ҲÿΪ֮ԶΪ
ƺֲôףȴǸоҵ˷
ʲô
ÿ
ϵĲ˵о˽ǰֲ֪ͬﲻͬ
ǰŴŵ꣬ôһˣʲô
ˮ˵һ˫̰Ŀ´衣
迴ˮӣȷʵһܿЦˣˣ߰ɣһҲ񡣡
ˮڸоʧܣⶼ񣬿ǰ˿ĵЦգǰı΢΢ĲɢȻϢ
Ůһ壬Ĺɣֹꡢ裬ÿɢȻĲģҲԼ֪Լڵж
ˮе㣬ܱһ˿ѣе㲻ܿһ߹ȥסһֻ֣޹ǡ
һûȥһ죬̧ͷˮһۣˣ
ˮӴô֪꣬˲ˣҲ֪Լû뵽Իסˡ
ˮЦЦȴû֣߰ɣôߣһֱ˷š
ˮ˵壬⻰ﴸһȭ˵˵
ϲɫɢСŮ˵Ľ̬ˮԼǿĿƲͷֱʹ˾У²ܿƵܵĶ
֣Ѿһˣģ⻹ˮ֮һЩضأȻֵġ

һ죬м仹ƽûʲħΣգм䵹ǿޣдεȺУоУˮԼǸʥʯָҲΣҲ˲ƶ֮⣬ҿʹðٴΡ
ǽָȻˮҲãоУɾеޣ˵Ƕõĺ١
Ѿٽʥˣ⣬֮ھ͵ˣˮλǺ׵һƬȺɽһޣ˵ʥȺɽʥɽҲȺɽУһߵһ
ﶺһ£Ȼֱӽȥ
ˮǰһ޼ʵȺɽ
ţھˣʮܵһҵʥͽ仨ġ
΢΢ɿ
Щ㣬Ҳս
ˮóһսȹսѥһЩЩɾжġ
Ҫսȹսѥα񼶵ģǱ˵ĸһΣҲˮĿǰõĶǳƴƷ֮⻹ҪĲϡ
ˣչԻɽУʹãҲԻɹԶ̱ǿĹ
迴еĶҲǺܾȣΪЩܸܳǳˮ֣֮Լġ
ԣϰϰߡ
ˮЦ˵Ҳ뿴贬Щӡ
ͷ񣬺һųɫսȹѥ˵Ĺ续߳Ůʫ续ľգˣƵ㷢𣬶ׯ졣
㡢Ů
ˮҪʧ꣬ûĵһۣǹģҲǶһŮ˵Ŀ佱
лл
߹Ц
ÿ
ˮǴʵ˵
ԽԽ㲻ˣʱޣҲ֪ôõģȻҩʲôĶ󡣡
Ŀˮ


1757 ʥ
Ů˺ؿɲǺ¡
ˮЦ˵
ҺĿǲأҲǶһ㡣
е˵
ɾ͸Σˣǲϲˡ
ˮЦſ衣
ˮĻһ죺ɣ˭ϲˡ
ô˼Ů˼ˣŮ˶
ˮһ˵
˼
һ߲
ôûôһ˵˲ϼ֪룬Ҳǿֺö౶ҿˮȴֲͣĴˮ
ˮڵӣ֮Ӧ֮һ˰ɣһ飬ϵãǰ龰Ҳɫ֮һɡ
ͣʱԼˮĲӣˮˮַ䣬ûһֵľٶ
̧ͷˮºЦݣһ˵̤ʵĸоԼˣԼͰһĴˡ
ҲΪʲôһܾٶԭ
裬û֮ǰͰҵˣúҿ
ˮ˵оеŤûʲô顣
ȴǿĵ̧ͷҲɲ۸ңһҪء
ˮͷﲻ֪ôһʧ䣬һʧоԼռǲǺǿ֮ǰԼûҪʲôΪһֱԺҪʱﻹе㲻
ˮԼ˺ܾõĽָǰҲãһҲãָǶʱָʱԥһ£ˮָˮϡ

ڶˮֱӽһ޼ʵɽأѾȫɽˣҪ֪ˮһξоǧٴζûгƬȺɽ
ĺ޷ݡ
ɽҲдׯгǳأһЩɽرƽΪǳأҲأԶԶȥȴֻܿһ޼ʵɽأֻн֪ҲɺԼʳĴڵġ
ԽԽϡ٣Ǻףи֮ࡣ
ˮʥӦþڸ˰ɣҲ֪òҡ
ˮͣΧѰš
ʥں׵һںӦĿܴҿ
ˮҲеäĿˣϾĿ̫˵Ǵ룬ҲǺҵġ
ǰȥˣյͼ˵ӦþǸˡ
ţˮΧϢƺоˡ
¶һ˿Ц⡣
ˮҲܵһ˿ʥϢϸСȴ೤˵Ϣҵʥ
ʱ֮ɽвϵĴ󣬺ֱڿֱ߹ȥ֮ҲһԾһƬк
һںһƬˮ峺ɢǿҵʥϢûв´ĻӦþʥɡ
ʥʥӦʥаɣˮΧԶһޱȣɢʥϢɽˮ
ʥɽ
ͦεɽ壬ǿҵϢǰʥеһƴ˵ʥʥɽĺ԰ôʥӦʥС
Ӧʥɽ˵ȥʥҪҪʥɽ˴к
ˮʵ
ʵҲ֪ʥɽкԼȥʥкҲÿ
кȥʥˣǿȥˣ˵ǲ֪ʥɽĴڡ
˵
ţƻͰ
ˮͷ
ȥ
ҲӦйʲôоҲ̲סоԼǰô˵ˣԼоԼŮˡ
߰ɣ²˳١
ˮֱʥС
ʥܴģˮΪ˲ʥɽ׷ϣֱʹ˾У벻ģˮԣķоʥӦֵĵط֮һ
ˮεľУÿǰľ붼ģҲǧ֮ˡ
ףĶ治
ˮһЩҩݡʲô̲סȵ˵
ҩݾȻܶ඼ģϵҩ̫ˣʮʮҲǺҡ
ˮһһ߲ժȻӽɾ˵׼Ҳʥ޻Ҳҵľҩݡ
һأʵˮ֪ʶǿֱʥϢʥˣʥʥϢǴ޴ʯȥģҩݵҩЧʮ꣬꣬ʵûôݣЧȴֵܵôݵЧ
ʯ飡
ˮʪȴûˮһ̲Һ壬ɢǿ̧ͷΧһ޼ʣҲǺܸߺܸߡ
ﲻʥɣô׾ҵ˰ɡ


1758 յʯغ
ˮڲ֪һЩصǿ󣬹ֲǿһԶԶ˦һͨˣⲢȫǴ⣬оǶҩĵرá
ˮһȻ⣬ŲðײõԭһֱڲͣռֻҩһЩϡе֡ʲôֱӽȥ
ˮرģһʵͻȻ˸ָһˡǮ˾ȸԺһ
ˮ˵ڴ½ЩǰĽǮŮջ˿
ʵһҲʲôˮֲͬﻹǶﶼܴߣҿߺܶܶ࡭
ţȻյʯ
ˮԾĿһ¶Ͻɫһ
ˮźôһƬƽսꪷھⶫӲޱȣȻûж쵫Ǵ˵Ҳֺ
ˮĻƽսԾƻˮлӣתûжʱͽĺôһյʯȡߡ
һ·һ·ռֳĸоöʵ̫ˣԼȡҲǲ׺һɾڵҲǾԹ
˲ṵ̂ģҲ̰̫أϺö̫ˣȫΪС
ˮ᲻ʥ
ΧԽԽоһֻ̫ˣ˺뵽Ƕ
֣ܳһأӦһֻǲ֪ǲʥ￴ʥ޻ӦòôѰҡ
ˮ˵ҲûͣӶᡣ
С
ͻȻһֲڲǺԶĵطˮ̧ͷһԶһϸɫĴߣ˵ʵˮڸоϸֻСˡ
ȫɫͷֻۣܿһͣ׳Ųϵ£߿ȥصĸоһֵĸо·ڴһһ
ߣ
ˮ֪ܿߵˣֻˮƵǣﲻ½أǺףӦǴغˡ
ȻˮУеޣһǴ֮һغˮԵޣˮлǴ϶ˮ
û۾Դ֮ͺˮΪʳǿޱȣһ޳ֶػʲô
֮ǰʯزԶˮ֮ǰŪ߲ٵʯ飬ЩҲǺܺõҩϣֱҲЧ
ʥ
ָָغһ˸ߵСϸȴŤԾϣʮɫĹӡ
ⶫܺ𣿡
ˮĲ
ʥ޵ֻ޲ʹã˵Чرǿ󣬴ֻҪʥܻǲģͲ֪ˡ
迴ԺεʥС
ҪʥĻʥܺúõ𣿡
ˮ뵽ʲôʵ
治˵ʥɫӦһ֮ھͻ죬ǲʥͿʥɽ˻᲻֪ʥĻһġ
Ц˵
һǳⶫŪߺˡ
ˮ˵
ⶫŲժЧۿۣڱĵطҲܻ
æѵ
ģԵġ
ˮԼɾĵġ
ȻѾˣǾȰغ߽ˣغƺδ꣬СС˺ܶ࣬ʵҲǺСڵˮ˵С
ˮ裬غȻ˹ػʥ֪ˣԲĴǰ
غߺͣ׳ֱһͣ˦ƣϧʵ̫⣬ֱӴҲŴغߵС뵽⺣ûдģǳŰԸɴˮʥ޵ֻޡ
ˮʵ˺ܶ࣬ôһֱûޣҪûرʵģ˵ʵ仯ܴ󣬾е޶һʱϲĽŲ̫ˣֱѱԼǿе㲻ʵ
һҲѪѱֱ֮ӽɾˮʼֲʥʥĸʵ̫ˣûа취ֻŪֲ˽ȥ
ֲȥ֮ˮ⽽һЩ֮Ȫȷһʧ
һʱʥɾܿģʵвһܳ죬ˮҲ˾Ҫúңʥ޻Ҫ
ˮʥʱʥɽòŮ߽ѾһŮˣǱſڵģ޳£˸о紴ĽɢһҲˡ
ȥʥ
ŮߵŮӹ˵


1759 ǿĽ
ǸŮ˵ĻŮ˻תһѩŽ˿ߵȹʥϢ˵ĻƵ㷢һ˿ţһ˳ǣƤ˫۷·ĺڱʯһ飬峺ɢʥϢ
ֱͦʱüͷ΢΢һ壺֪ͨΡΣȥһʥ
Ů˵öһŷдԣһ֮ĵλйϵ
ǣ
Ů֮ŮûҲ뿪˴

֮ˮǰ˺ܳһʱ䣬ֻûҵʥ޻ʱˮóʥ
ٻ˵޺ʹغߣ
ˮĵǵ͵ޣغ߾͸˵ˣһޣѰס˵ģʵˮҲ֪ʲôеġ
ˮʱҲȥˣȿʥ
ʥѳ죬о֮ŸԵĸı䡣
һֻֻʹһ
ܼܺ򵥣ȴǺԵ˵˳̧ͷ޺ʹغ߶ޱϣֱһ׹ȥһ
ܿ޵ϷһȦȦɫĹâɫƺҲ΢ı仯еӽǳɫ
𡫡
޿ʼһͳĺˮܵڵϢڲϵǿ󣬵޵ǿһֳأƺڴһöֺԼ
ǿĹƤëԼǿɽԼǿĿ

һĺϵɫҲǱ˵ɫϵҲǱǰһֹҪָо
ˮһ£ǿԼڲǿ󶼷һЩʵı仯վ·һö޴ֵĸо
ˮӵĺϢ֪Լٴˣԭзڵıеķ
ǿˮڸоԼǴСǿ
ֵˣˮоʥֵˣջܴˣֱӽͽɾҵı仯ˮڿԱԼʵĶ֡
غ߻ڲͣķڣϵķϵɫҲԽԽ֮ǰˮ˵Իֻǲ֪զʹغ߻ữʲôܻǻǴ֮غ
С
غߵĽϸԶˮһ߾Ĺ۲죬ʵûб̫ϣغ߻ֻڸоʥˣϾӵ޵Ĳࡣ
غҲ֣ԺںҪǿһҲӦá
С
ˮͻȻоеƺ˺ܶ࣬һʼôϸˣҲڷ仯ˣŤˮĿУ⻬ƤһѪҺ
ˮϹŹޱȣԱߵ赹ǺƽҲ֪ȥ˶ãҲ֪ʲôʱʼģغѾһЩϸСƬ
ԽԽǽѾǵͳĺҲеˡ
ţ¹ǣǡ
Ȿ۾ûеͷ­ϴʱһ˫ǡ
ˮǰѾľ˵ޣˮҲ壬ֻǺˮǰ˵źܴ𣬸ܺеȡ
ǰֻˮҪЩӽˮе󣬽¹ͷաáߡ㡢צӥţ
ѾЩˣˮԽԽϲ
𡫡
޴ϵҲ˲䱬ˮ̲סɫһ䣬һ̫д͸ˡ
Сڰ£Ȼ֮ǰĴغ߲ʲôڸоϷ·ʵȻҲߵʱǿ˺ܶܶࡣ
ˮĺ棬Ҳܺÿ
迴ֻɫ˵
ˮЦˣҲúÿǵۻһġ
ֻƺ˷ܣΧˮϵζǽýˣӰˮǿҵӾˡ
ˮڵֻ
δ꣬צѪͳ塣
ʵ
צ꣺װѪӱʵ˰ٱ
ˮڶ֪ʲôоδ꣬ıʵѾˣצȻӰ˰ٱʵ
лǿ۶ɵĹԴٱĹ
⣺צǿԺɵĹսʵǿ
ˮ֮У֡
ԷʵĴǿãмöֽһɵɵʵڲԼһʵмʽͶԷһɵʵ
ǼʣʵǺǿģˮ뵽ޣټˮоԺһס
գǿצǿһٱķ
ǿǿצǿһٱ͹
ѸǿצѸٶȣٶһٱ
βһԴĹǿĶܻһļʷĿꡣ
ǿˮ۾̲סһ
ýĹеٴһ
ˮûצӵĽδֻ꣬ǽצȴˮǺǿˣֻڤܳԽϾڤľɱֲ̫ˣˮоȽʵһϧˮûͨޱǿ


1760 ʥɽˣŮ
費֪ѪҲ֪ľʵ龰ҲǺܺĿű֮ǰ˵Ľһҵʥ޻ôһǰ׬ˣˮʥ޻־ڱصãȻǰеѾãҲǾȥʥɽʥɽУʲô취Ҫҵ
ʱҲܿ죬ת۽ҪȥˣˮҲ֪һ˶Զط̫ˣʥ޻Ҳ֪ҵôס
ԽǰԽ֣ʥ޻УҲ
̧ͷһͷҰܸܵĳ֣ĵطҲԽԽֵĵط
ţ
˾ʱܵϢ߸ٶȺܿ졣
ˮ۾һ裬ҲǾɫ֪Ҳܵˣͷ˵Ӧʥɽˣǲ
ˮҪ㿪ԷǺ׵ģֻҪһ¾˦ԷԶǶȻкܴļʱ֣ɹϣҲС
äĿң翴ôǣʲô̬ȣ
ˮ˵
ˮǴȱܿģһˬȻڱŲʱԷʱ򣬶ԷҲǱܶ鷳
뵽Щͷãһ£ӦϾܵ
һյʱ䣬ĵӰˮҰڣĸƮƮŮӣǶųȵˮǰʮ⡣
ʥɽأ˲Դ롣
ĸŮеһǰһ˵
ˮϻǹŵ΢ЦԷֱӣˮʱ֪Լܵĵ͵Լ̬ŵ͡
ʥôǷҲò꣬Ҳ˷ѣҲֻѰҵĶ
ˮ˵ƽ͡
֮ǰ˵ŮͻȻ۾ʥɫһ俴ˮ͵ʥ
ˮһŮ˵ɫãĿŶԷҲǲŵʲôʥ
迴˵üͷҲˮ죬ģԼһҲΪ治֪оǲĲ֪
ŮƺҲˮĻΪˮһʥҲ˵ʥܳ졣
ûмʥԱһغߵġ
˵ŮͻȻ֮ǰʥ￴ȥȻȥһʱ䣬ǿԿŮӻһԪȥ
ԣ
һӳǰҿϵĸ룬Ůɫתͷˮʲô
ˮĿŶԷʲô
ڶ֪˵ʲôˣǵһοôƤʱ򣬲ûпҪô
˿ˣôͣ
Ů˺ܷŭ˫Ŀˮ
ŭ֣ϾҪˣڶϵǾǯȥʲôҲûˡ
ˣСҶ˵Ҳ˵ʲôҲǸյǾˣڻһͷˮأҿҲˣɣ֤⡣
ˮ˵ǲں
ŮҲһһ㶵ģǵߵŮ֮һΣоɫʵҲǿޱȣʥɽҲǵλܸߣϾǵߵˡ
ڱһδɵС˵СعԼȻŭ÷ŭˣŭˮҽͽѵѵ֪ߵغСӡ
˵û꣬ӰһѾˮɱ˹ȥеĳһѩ׵ĳֱնˮ
ͨĹˮȴ۾ʥɽ˻ǲ򵥣⹥оȻʥͺȻƵЧҲʥġ
ˮûжķѾܿˣⲢ˵ҪԼȥֵʶпĿŮ˵һĹ켣ٶȡ
ҪʶзƺٶһЩúӰ΢΢һбϲڶԷĽѾʱ
ˮһ棬΢ǡǡ㿪ܳΪʥɽߵŮӣȻҲѰˣһת϶б
ˮĽŲٴһӰεһתٴζ·Ӱƺĳһ
ˮĸоԽԽ˳ָ֣оѾʵһʶеӰĺߵӰغϡ
ŮͣŵĿԼȫʵȻûа˵һƬ½ǣִ治ôýܵģҶԷᣬԱԼᡣ
ûж⣬Ϊһζҩľˣ֪ܴܲȥʥɽĵˣ
ˮ˵


1761 ö࡭ʥӴ
ŮӿˮþãˮˣҲоԷһˣҪǶԷƺг⣬һǿ˴ųǺѵõģȻҲʥɽԭڡ
ǿҩΪ˾ˣӦǺҪˣҲһǿߣʲô⣬һԹʥɽԹԼ
ôҲǼ棬µˣǰ˺ͱ˲ͬﲻͬҲ˵
ҿԴȥǵҲܿ϶
˵
ˮͷף鷳ˡ
ˮ֪һֱӵİ취ǴʥɽУãһʥɽô״ģܴܲȥ治˵ˮоƽ͵Ľãһܱȶһ˺á
һһʱ䵽ʥɽ£ˮ֮ǰʥɽԶʥɽǸоɽʥࡣ
һ޴ɽʥˮое㲻˼飬оʥɽȷС
ˮɽʮɽڣǽ׳ӣˮȵǣǾ࣬Ǻ塭
Ǻ磬ˮ⼸гߵļ֮⣬ֻǺ壬ʵûʲô
ʵˮоǶˣֻĻͬǴ½ԼǸݶѣﲢ̫ƽ⣬Ͼ̬Ҳࡣ
ˮͻȻЩ˻е㾪ȣˮע⵽ŮȻǾȵ˵ԭҲࡣ
ˮĻȻֹסӰˮҪȵĿˮҪҲࣿ
ĸоˮ࣬ôΪǿֻһЩ壬ǲܵġ
˵⻰Ҳиݵģ԰ٷְٵĿ϶費࣬ȻİˮҲֵһ塣
ٰ࣬
ˮЦЦ˵
ˣ
ƺرĺ档
Ҫ𡣡
ˮҡҡͷ뱣ܣû壬֪ԼԼĳɾͶԼʲô¡
οˮûʣʥɽȥɽ·̨״СУֱϣ¶ȲǺܴĺܳһֱͨɽ
ֱϵ;˲ˣˮȵǻ϶࣬ʵĲףˮƣ⺣磬ôǿʥɽȻｨ
ǵһ£ҵȥк
ˮ˵
ţõġ
뿪ŮҲˮ˵˵ţ˵ʵڼӡ
ɽһۿȥһɽⱻƽһĴһɽǣ֮ǰĵطʥɽרõͨʥɽ˿Դطɽֻʥɽߡ
ʵ󲿷ֶʥɽˣҪмҾ죬һ붼ʥɽˣʥɽܲɷ֣Ҳɽǡ
ˮΧһۿЩʥɽڣǴǧõʥɽҵˮΧʱѾˡ
ڴǣҾͲǽȥˡ
˵
ˮͷո˵Ҳ±˰㣬Ťͷкһ
ˮ߽֮ˮǺϾ͸ܵһɰʥ֮ѹȻˮһ۾Ϳӵôǿʥˡ
ˮʱ̲סһ㶣ǸŮˣǸˡ
űߵ˿ѷɫŮˣˮɫǸоŮ˺ʥ뷲һ
һҶĳײһŮ˾ʥ֮ǿʥ֮Ǿˣˮʶһս񴫳еĶˡ
ʥӴߣ
ŮҲǴߣս񴫳кħжʱսħ֮⻹бģˮƷʥߴУҲԽд崫УŮ˵Ĵвһ
ˮƷĴںȻģʥӴǴ֣һǿؾ֣֮Ҳһ֮һָл
Ůû˵һ˳ǵպĿˮȻˮ˵ٶȲʥŪˣѴغѱˡ
ԲʧöĺܺŶһܣˮϺƽһҲ֣ЦŵͷһСľˣҪ֡
Ůһ㶣ȴ¶һ˿΢Ц֮ǰζ˵
ҲӦ޳ܵһɡ
ˮִŮ˵Ŀеһ绪ïŮһֲɣ˵е㲻ϰߣˮϰߡ
ʥô˵ʵʥɽĳԲ£̫˷ˡ
ˮҡͷü˵
Ů˴ʱҲ»û˵أȴһЩлҡҡͷ˵ʲôҩ
Ůֱӿżɽʵ


1762 ʥŮ˽ʥ
ŮֱʵˮҲе⣬ҲǸɴ࣬Ҳֱ˵Ҫʥ޻ˡ
ŮˮĻüȻ˵֪ʥ޻𣿡
ˮ˵ʥ޻ҩеҩݣһЩ޷ָԴ˿Իָȫָ
ˮû˵̫࣬½ҩݺ棬һЩҩҲֻܱסһˣǵ壬Щ񼶵ҩݣҲֻȥֻͨ
Ҳԭʥ޻ҩĳΪҩݣҼֵһЩĵҩ˿ѷɫ
Ȼ֪ӦҲֶ֪ٺ١
Ů˿ˮ˵
ˮʵҲ֪ΪʲôŮܺԼƽ͵˵һ֪Լʥʥ֮
ʥʥɽĺ԰ô꣬ҸоӦУȻҲҪǻóʥ޻ֵĶ㽻㿴Σ
ˮĿŮ˫峺
治ʱʥɽҩݻûдΪⶫܷʱ䳤ʮ꣬һժ֮õԽԽãŵʱԽЧԽûЧһֱţʱһʹظ벻㹻Ӫͻή
Ů˻˵ˮҲ֪ҲΪԭʥ޻ޱʮ꣬ժ֮Ҳʮʱţʮ겻̣Բ
ˮҲΪŮ˵ѣҩݶڴҲûа취棬İ취ӳʱ䡣
ˮ˼ʱŮ˵֪ﻹһ꣬ӦҲҪժʱˣһֻǿػţǺΣյޡ
Σû£ϣܸģʱл
ˮæ˵
ʥˣػʥ޻һֻʥԹһΣʥĺֲܿҵʱоΪһûֻܷʮҩûбҪȥƴ
Ů˵
һʱţʥ޻־ڱصá
ˮǺܿĵġ
ʥǴ˵ģѰǱ廹ҪǿĴڣ֮ʥ˵Զʱڵʥӵ
ŮûдˮĻ˵
ˮ˼һЦſŮˣʥӴߣʥ˵ǲǱʥ޻󡣡
Ů۾һ貵˲ɢʥ֮ˮĶƺͣһ£ҡҡͷһŮ˱һϬ
ս񴫳ߣ
ŮֻЦ
ЦˣһĨľĶǣֻ˵ڸˮһ֪ˮݡ
˵ʥɣҵõʥ޻Ұѱʥ㿴Σ
ˮ˵
Ů˺ĿˮһŻ˵ѱĿ̫СˣԸ㡣
ԶʱڣսʥȻʲôͬˣϵܺãվһλõģǺħ֮ĴڶţҲԭŮԸˮоǰֵðʲôԼҲ˵壬ӦǸо˲ɡ
㡣
ˮó⼸Ƴʥ޵ǰĸǿˮҩʱмʳֳƷʵĵҩʥ޵ˮƳģˮһҲš
ˮĶһʱмʳαҲмʳ̫Сˡ
ҩҲˣҩҩƷģ֮ǿƷˣƷʸߵõҩҲر𣬻ҩʱҲǿͼʣҩкܴĹϵ
Ů˽ӹˮĵҩ֮ȵĿţҩʦ
ˮЦЦʥӴУŵҩѱĿԻߺܶࡣ
Ůֹ֪ѱ߲٣֮ǰѱĿ㣬ڿ˵ɵĿԣߣҪ֪ЩһɵĿԾǺܸˣʮ֮һļʻǺܴģοɣɵļʺܴˡ
ɣǽϢ죬Ƕǰ
Ů˵
ˮ˵ʥͻȻ˰ɣ
ģʱٻа£һҲУʥǰģüֻҪܶԸʥʥ޻ǿõġ
Ů֪ˮܼ
Ǿͺã
ˮҲɿ
׼ˣλ˰ɣһȥԷɡ
Ů˸оŮˮҲоս񴫳ߵŮҲӦôƯôԶһ·˶оǷޣӦйϵģƺӦеġ
ٴɫ΢죬Ҫ˵ԼǵģƺҲûбҪҽ裬鷳ˡ
ҽʥ
Ů΢Ц˵
ˮһ㶣ˮǸо̫ˡ


1763 ߣѪŮ
ˮӣŮƺ֪ЦʲôҲû˵ʲôƺѾϰ˲֡
ˮҲ˵Լ֣Ů˶˵Լ֣ȻҲӦöԷ֪Լ֣ҲһضԷķʽ
˺ܷḻϾˮŮˣһܿͱϤˣʵףоˮʥ࣬˫ĴҲ׽
ˮỳɵõʥӴе˻ʲôˣԷҲˣս񴫳ҲһĴĲǵòеģоʥԸܵˮǿ
㣬ô⺣ӵԼ
ʵŮ˺֣ʱƯŮ˺׳ΪѣʱҲ׵ĳΪˡ
˵ˣʵԼҲû뵽ҵõʥӵĴУҲҪΪЩһػʥɽʥɽʵ
ʥܼҪ˵˳
࣬ͨǲģ󲿷ֶ࣬ˮʥɽΧʱ־һҲ棬ʥɽף
ӵʥɽףķܣˮеһЩʲôʵҲʥɽá
кܶ඼ͨˣǺףЩ˾ص½ҲǺˣΪͨ·ͨ޷ģȻǿ߰⣬ֻЩס꣬뿪Ҳ뿪ģ뿪ȥ
һûбɣûʲôʥɽ⣿
ˮʵ
иоһЩ֪ôŮˣʥɽϵŮҲܶ࣬һЩ֪֪᲻٣
ʥɽʵҲǿģˮʶϸоֻʵĻԼǿ󣬵ʵսĻͲ֪˭ӮˣΪˮоŮ˱ԼǿһԼĿסû⡣
һʥɽ֮⣬һߺѪŮ롣
ʥ˵
ô֣ѪŮˮеСȵģΪѪŮһԶһ壬޽ӽ࣬ûʲô𣬺ǰѪ񣬿ʳѪȫŮԣò绨ȴǿֲޱȣʵǿڲͺǿĴڡ
ˮѪŮʥɽʲôΪʥɽʥһаĿǣˮĺȻҲǡ
ѪŮӦöʥɽûʲôв
ˮ˵
һѪŮûвѪŮĴڣѪŮǿǲʥɽģҵûʲôŲٵͨˡ
ᵽѪŮʥƺЩǻԼŭˮоʥɽӦûٱѪŮţԥʥɽʥѪŮĶļ
лᣬҵҪȥ塣
ˮЦ˵
㣬һֱû뿪ʥɽ𣿡
費ʱҲ仰
ȥٵļΣڵʥɽҲվȽˣһܰѪŮͶǴѹһ¾ͺˣˣҾǳȥҲܷġ
ʥƺһ㡣

ٴˣΪԷǵ˷ޣԸǰһСׯԺʵΣϾҪסһС¥
С¥ʵ㣬ǿҲңҪң˻صСԺ跢ԼЩܿƵӿ졣
ܰǺܴ󣬰ƽףСڴ½СˣˮоˣǰķСҲŰеĸֻһСһпҡ
ס¥ɣ
ˮЦ
ţ
С΢΢ͷȻ̧ͷ˵ȥˡ
ȥɣ
ˮûȥһȾ֪˴ɨҶҲȫµģߵɳֱȥ
˺ܶ࣬ʥŮ֪ԼõʥȻûԼҪֻǲ֪֪֪ԼѾѱ˴غߣѾǽˡ
ʥǿ󣬺󣬵ֻܶʹãһϵޣѡԾͿһЩϵһ㶼ǱأԺܶ˲Ըѱϵޡ
ϵûʲôãǿĲѱҪǿ˵ʵѱһԼʵϵ޾ɵӣ˵ѱʦѱϵ٣ֻʱԵɺϲŻѱȽϺʵϵޡ
ˮǵõʥԼҲûгϣôѾõˣһǾԾ޴ĺôֻҪһõʥ޻ôԲǳˡ
ʥ޻Ϣˮҵ
ˮ˼ʱ
ˮҲǲ⣬ɻʵôˣ
ûз䡣
ˮȥ˿ȻǿյģʲôҲûС
סҰɣ
ˮָָԼŵɳҲһˡ
ҪҲ˯ң
˵


1764 ǿ
ˮһ㶣ǰľˣ΢΢ϼŵϸܳĽëһ޳ˣʱһׯɫɢһɵġ
Ůһ屾òǣʱ޷ݡ
ˮе̧ͷˮվǰԶ˵̧ܽͷԿͦεˣرǰı·Ļȣеڸ
ģˣȥϢˡ
ˮһۣתԱߵȥõӰһ硣
ˮͷβһ仰Ҳû˵治֪֮ǰǾ仰ʲô˼ҪԼȥǶԼ棿
ֶԼˮЦſѾϵţǾ仰ΪԼ˯𡭡
ûһˮƽǵŪøӶϧһЩ鲻ÿı⡣
ˮڣˮоôҲе̫Ǹˡ
ˮȻȥɾڵʱźܶණҪҲźܶ๦Ҫ꾳ѾȹˣֻͻƵһ绹Ҫʱ䡣
צҲǣֺһɶԷĴǺܺõģԼһʵֻֻڹʱ򣬰ʱǶٻǶ١
ֹС֮εֶһ
֣
ֺţƣҲȷʵţƣˮоԼǿġ
֣ӵ֮ѪĴڸɵĶֶһдڰٷְУжԷʱмöԷԼһ󱬱λʱ俴Էʵ;󱬵˺ҲǿԷʵ;ֵ൱ʹߵǿʵһЩ޶ͨɱΪʹ߳õǿ
ˮھ֣ҲǺľͨһֻҪ֮Ϳˣûʲôߵ͡
ʵҲǱľߵֹͣ˵ûо֮ʵ˵һֱû˴磬˵û߾磬ûֹˮҲ֪ô׵ġ
ˮһһҪɹΪõϣһμʱʱɾȴǰ֮ãԲҲܲˣοִѧյıͿһЩ
ʱһĹȥȻɾʱ䣬ˮͣĻӶֱۣһԪ
мԵģ˾ֱϢ¡
ԪӵУٶȲǺܿ죬ȴǺˮޱȵĿԪתȻ
ԪҪһ㣬ˮտھһֱʵ飬ֻһֱĲŻ״ŽԪƳδ
ʵ֪˳ǲԵģҲûа취ˣɴ಻䷳ʹ֣ޱȣĻӻеԪ
һԪγɵʱˮϰ͵һδֻһιʹĽϢڽȥˡ

һǺܴ󣬵Ҳв¶ʮ׳ĽɫХȥɢʵǸʹݻٵˮסˡ
ԭھĻϵģֲҪѧѧϰսԭ
ˮҲ˵˷ʱ䣬һֱͣϰôǾ޴ģˮɵĳɹˡ
Ӧòεɣ֪Ļˮɹû졣
ˮһ̧ٴδ
ɫֱˮʶƵķȥ
ž
ı죬һɫĿռγɡ
ˣ
ˮ֪󱬵û뵽ô󣬶󱬵ܴ󣬲ҲǽԼʵϣʲô󱬵ġ
Ҳˮ֪ƽսꪵĴݻƻӦúˮʵϢϢصģϵֻг־ƻļʱпܺʵ࣬Ҳ˲ֱӴݻȫһС飬СȻҲпֱնϣҪĿƷˡ
ˣ
ˮڻǺܿĵģоرˬһһЩЧҹľͨһĶһЩˮеǿָֿ죬㲻ͣЪķҲࡣ

ڶˮ磬Ȼû⣬ϰȴһֱ϶һ̫ȭ
Ȼˮʹ̫ȭ̫ȭĺô޿ɹģվСԺֱӰڶһľЩ˲١
ĶᣬƺиͰԵȴ޿ɶܡ
һ˴ˮͷſʥЦô
ãܺã
Ů΢Ц˵
ˮ֪ܵõŮ˺ܺǶôĿɹʥ˵ʱٺ٣Ҫ涼ﵽһ˾޵ĵطΰˡ
һѩ׽˿ߵĳȹˣվʥϢˮڣƺ


1765 ʥٶ
ˮĶȻʥûиоˮĶʲôΪ˿̹Ȼ⣬ҲȻ
ʥԼҲΪԼоȣ͸ˣϢ˺̤ʵһΰϢҲһǿϢ
ûȤôӦúܴġ
ˮ˵
𣿡
ʥʵ
Ȼܺѧģ㿴ˡ
ˮЦ˵棬ȻʼһһʽĴҿвϵ˵Ҫ;硢ľ
ˮ˵Ҫ̫ȭռȥǰŮҲٰܰɣʥɽҪ̫Ϊ̫֮Ҳûпܡ
ǿ壬һϢʺ̫ȭҲܳһЩ̫ʦݴ½̫ʦ
뷨кܴĿԣҲˮΪʲô˵ҪŮѧŮ˵ʾѣֻҪ̫İһʥɽƹ㣬ҲʥɽػҲǻǿ
ˮֻһߣʥԺѾ㹻ˡ
ˮ֮ʥʼһһʽĴĺĸоǿߵľ磬Ȼһδ򣬵ˮ֮ǰ˵Ҫ˺ܶ࣬ҲΪʲôһδܴоԭ
ˮһԿҲ̲סͷŮ˴ԣԺĳɾ;ԲҺᣬԵᡣ
ʥһͣˮһҲ飬Ķʲô̫ȭһӾĳ
ллȭĺܺãҺа
ʥˮ˵
þͺã׼һ£Ƕɣ
ˮЦЦûжϾ
ã

ĳһ㶫ˮԼʥ˾ǰʥˣ˲ûиţҲˮŮ˵
Ů֪ˮʥҲûбҪˣֱʹ˾ǰ
ˮ˾ֱ֮ʹ˾УҾʵǺԶʥʥȷʵԶھǰһĴò͵ˡ
һǧˮûĺ嫣ûǿ޴ٶûʲôͨ·ܰ
ܿ͵ʥˮͣѾ˲ٴˣӦòˣͣʣµľ޹ȥ
ˮɴгԼĽŮ
ʥȵĿˮغ߰ɣ
ˮòŮˣʶ̫ˣȻԿˮǲµģܸܵԷǸܳġ
ʲô鶼㣬Ů̫ɲãСԺû˸Ȣ㡣
ˮЦ˵
ʥɫһ㣬Ȼҡҡͷһûˡ
û˺Ц֮ǰˮĻҲ̲סһ㶣оֵֹģǰûˣԼ֪ԭͻȻˮЦЦŻһ㶡
Ц˵ôƯ˲֪öʹļء
ŮҲϤˣ֮ദҲɣЦҲ˴š
ˣҲԿǿǡ
ʥЦƺҲų⣬Ȼ˵
ˮû˵ΧΧĶʥˮûмⶫⶫı˿ѷɫ
ӦýʥķΧˣܸܵϢٶ΢һá
ʥվԶ˵
ˮýٶȻʥĿ⴦ȥ
ʱʱ䣬ˮŮͣǰһСɽһĴڣһֻڰʮµޡ
ͨѩףûһ˿ɫýվ￴ǡ
ֻƯˣýˣޱȣһ˫ѩ۾˵ԣܿͰĿ⿴ʥ
ҲܵϤܵ׽ƺų⡣
ˮԷµʱŷֻ֣ʥûվڵϣֻ¾滹а߾룬Ϊ׸ߵԭ򣬲ûпǲվڵϣΪ޽ӽˣΪվڵϵġ
ֻһѩһƶһʥվ棬ȻͻȻˮӰһ͵ˮߡ
죬̫ˣǸˮĸо
ˮķӦܿ죬ûüֱӱʥһ˳ȥ
ˮķֲһûˮʲôˣĿʹޱȣ嵹ɳȥʱʥӰһٴ׷˹ȥ
ԣ
ˮٴαɡ
ҿӲΪҺ۸
ˮǸ
׷
ˮֱһ׷˹ȥ
Ź
ˮȵķְЩϾȻǿͶԷٶȳƽҲ֪ΪʲôʥԼ
ѵԼ۸ģ
ΪǶԷˣ
ˮĿʥ£ʲôҲû
ƺŭʥ
˻˻
ˮԳƵöĽȻµƶתɢȻһԿֲٶȳˮ


1766 ؾѨ
ˮҲҴ⣬ٶȾھԵٶǰʲôǴƤȻԵٶҲô״ﵽġ
ˮģ߼кͼˮ˲ĿʥĳĹ켣
ˮ
迴ˮײɽŵĺȻ
û£Ҫģչ˺Լ
ˮæ˵
費õģʥһ㲻ɱ
ʥǺЦ
ʥǿʥðҲɱðĴڴˣˣ֮ܲܰȫ뿪Ͳʥˡ
ˮӰˣһ㣬պöʥĹͼٴͻƺˮʵսֹ
ȻҲ޽Ƶģ˵ٶȣһˮܵļޣӵͼǿǶ㲻
ʥƺûдﵽˮٶȵļޡ
ʥ֣֮
ˮ˫Ȼƺ͸İɫڶ˲ʥĲϡ
˻˻
ˮһκʥ˾룬Ȼȴʥһνʱ־֮߰ǰѾоǳˡ
ʥ￴ˮĶȵſС죬˵ģϧû˿˫ʥһĲǳ
ʱľȵĲݣһʵʥ˺ܶȻܺʥƴٶȡ
Ҫ֪ʥǿĴڶܶʥĹ
ˮȥһƣҲ𾪣ȻǴĲû˵ʥ
ʥϰһĹâ֡
ʥػ
ʥһ츳սܵ󲿷˺һ󲿷ơ
ʥĹӵǿٶȣĹкǿԼɽţҲǿԺһݷֺӺܴļʡ
ˮеСƣһĹ˵ͻȻ뵽֣ʥһԡ
ˮ뵽Ӱһһӡ
֣

ǱеģˮҲԼʵԷʵˮҪʣסԷпܡ
ԣ
ûгʣҲûг󱬵ļʣˮ֪ʥһЩӰĿǺܸߵģڱ޻ϳΣҲʥϳһΡ
ˮʹΣǽצԼ֮ʹóǿסʥٶȡ
ˮûиоʲôеɥһԵʥȴǾȵĲ֪ôˮѾˡ
֪ѾһӶʱˣˮоԼĺܿ죬ʥβٶȿ죬һʱκβҪˮҲ㹻ǿ󣬹ٱʥˡ
ٶȾһС
ˮӦʥҪѱʥȻӦˣǾһҪʥˮ˵ϷŭȴǺˣ˭Ʒ˭
ľ٣
ٲƣ
Ѫ٣
ˮϵʹǿзϧʥа취㿪һʼˮҲûѪסԷԷٶԼ
ֵǱУϧһûгҲ֪ǳɹʵͣΪԷǿ
ˮܴŶԷϧû˺Է
Ѩ

ˮ۾һ˫ȭ̫ǲʩչòĳʥ
ؾѨ֣
澭ѨҲУȻһλҲһҲһȴУֻˮ֪ʲôѨ֪ѨʲôãʲôӦ
һζʥˮȭָؽ΢΢͹ʥĴȸȥǰߵĴȸ
羢
ˮڴλõʱֱӱǿĴ羢羢ҲǿĺӷãֱɽţһĴʥڲ
ǰǴͷˣʥĹȻǿޱȣˮǾѨˮ֪ĴУû˭Ѩôǿ󣬶ôʶ
ȻѨڱǲеģʥ׳Ĵ˵ϸûд羢ûд͸˲ʥġ
ǹͷҲ˵ʥˮڵʵ˲
ž
һʥ辪ȵĿ£ʥһֱӱˮˣʮףҪ֪ʮ׳ʥˮϾ޴ˡ
˻˻
ʥзı
ʳһһһһˮھǸоԼҵ˿ʥķһֱԼҲһܰƽʥ
ˮַĸоӰһĸȥһȭٴδ
ž
ӰһΣһĳʥĺ档
ž
ʥһһȵˮˮ
˻˻
ˮоʥˣôױԼʰʱʥǣ˻ˮͿʥһֻ
ˮСģʥһ


1767 룬Ѫ
ˮоǾ޴ѩһĶһֲɿܵʥͣȥܵĸо
ʥһˮʱͷϵתɾǲ֪ôֵһ̺ǿ֮ʥ
ԣ
ˮӰײɣˮϾ͵ԼӰһ˿ѪˮȴЦˣΪûг֡
ȻˣˮȴǺܸˣԼǿȻԳסʥһӦʥһͨɱԶʱ䲻ʹá
ˮһζˣһ羢ˣһ
룡
ˮֱó룬һһȻˮҪɱʥʵҲôɱģˮʥɥʧս
ͣ
һ£
˻˻
ˮ֮ǰĹʵѾٵӰ쵽ʥķӦٶȣˮˣĲʲôûκӰ졣
ˮһ룬мʥҪսˮûǼӽԼټӽ
һսˮ˵࣬ҪͼķӦһָܣֽжԷĹƺˣˣָоˮܶٶȡ
ʥٶѾʼһҲѸٵʧˮҲĹЧ
ԡ
ʥڳˮɳʼʱˮɳһȥڷˮתڳΪɳʥ
ʥϢԽԽˣˮûֵͷ˵ڵȣΪʥֹˮġ
һνʥʱʥѾѪ߰ߣˮٴθϵʱʥˮǰ
ϢѾˣ˰ɣ
ˮԼеǱεЦЦˣȥѱɣʥ޵˵ЧܲѱͿˡ
лл
ʥЦȻָָԶһ߲ǲһҩݽ˵ȥɣǾʥ޻
ˮ߽ˣſ߲һСһѩĻ䣬ʥ޻
ˮСĵֱֲӴôһŪֵɾС
һĵطҩݸ˶ãǰʮϲζǺöܹģǰĿԼǺѳʱû˻ٻһݾͻϻ
ǰˮһٶ˵һݣĿԴﵽǧꡢĹľ
ԭҩһ޷Χյ㹻֧ʱͻή
ʥ޻ժֻܴʮ꣬ժܿͻήҲͱĵժˣʥ޻ȥҪԶ㹻
ˮ֪Լɾ֧ŶãоӦÿ֧ŲӣϾɾеޱȳ֣еʯ޵ȡ
ʥ޻ˮ̤ʵˣҲǳ׵һɿĻ衣
һ»ûйȥⲻò˵һ漣ףҪܴСʵȣһҲʥ޻
ʥ޻ˮõĺôǾ޴ģġ
ˮصŮʱʥѾѱʥʥŵŮҲϲɫ
ˮָʥһЩҩʥʵˮŮʲô⣬ŮܸԼʥ޻λþͺܸмˡ
ˮһһֱǵˮ֮ӿȪ౨һĸԸ
ˣһصʥɽˮ뿪ʥ죬ᵢ̫á
ʱǻܳ㣬ʥǶ죬Ҳûƴǣصʥɽϡ
Ϣһˮʥɽ˾߳ʥɽڲʥɽΧȥ
ˮ˵ѪŮҪȥ
ָԶһƬʵɽӰ˵
ˮǵһοŮҪҲȥЦ˵ã컹磬ǰѸ֮ؿһʱܳ֡
˵ѪŮò绨񲻴·
迴ˮһգգ˵
ȿȡ
ˮεĿȿŮ˾˵ֵĻ仰㲻ԼĻҲ֪ôش
ͻȻ΢仯ˮܲϰߣŮӵ˼治֪Էʲô
ǶׯģƮݵϢܶׯĸоһֳŮоζҲܴ
ˮﻹһԭǾѪŮߣѪŮȫӦѪŮħпܾһħߡ
Ҳˮȥԭ򣬻оѪŮһĿʯѪ
ѪƷĶ֮һĶкпܸѪնԷָԼ


1768 ȻѪŮ
ѪԷѪǱʩԷҲ˵ʳԷԪҿԾѪתΪԼԪ
ˮ뵽ǰһǴ󷨣֮ͬѪֵܸߣܶĺٺ٣˵Ѫıѣʧܵļ̫ߣһһЩԭ
ѪĽǺܼӲԾ˶ʱֻܼӽȥһЩӵĶˣɹʲ˵ʵȾͲӵѪ𲻵á
ʥû˵ˮȥѪŮ룬ֻ˵ȥҪСһ㣬ѩӴˮ֪֮˲ر𰲷֣Ӧûȥ˵кܴĿܻȥ
ر𽻴ҪעĵطˮڵӦûûκġ
ˮǰ߾ѪŮˡ
ָŲǺԶһƬɽ
һѪŮ͸оһȵϢ·ΧѪһĸоһѪȵȶȡ
ţѪŮû
ˮʳ֮оԼܱΪ֮ǰ˵ѪŮǲ·ģһò绨
ӦǼġ
ΣĺƯҲ·ġ
еĿˮЦ
ˮӺȻ۾裬뵽ҲŮ˵ľ壬һִرεĵطҲ
ɵĳˣȻϡͿ˵һ䣺ҶѪŮûȤ
һĨΣˮԼʱͻ̲ס뵽ǰ龰ǵ޷ǡ
ҡ
еڶĸо
ˮŮе̬̲סĵЦˣƯ
ǸŮ˲ϲ˿Ưϲ˵ҲԸģʱ֪˵Ǽٵģɻˣ˭֪ûǺģ˭ҲԸ
ˣǽȥɣ
ˮһ۴ͷ߽ѪŮС
ˮæϣһʲôǿĴڣԼҲô뿪
ѪŮпֲïʢֻǿдеɫе㷢Ƶĸо
ѪŮʳѪΪʳ޵ѪҺһʳࡢȣֻҪѪҺĶǵ
棬Ҳǿ󣬲ʳѪʵҺǿ
ѪŮУΧôҵѪŮģ޺ܶ࣬ЩҲѪŮʳȻֻʳԼʲôǲġ
ˮ֮ǿϢúܶһɢȥ
ѪУôĵطҵ
ˮΧٿһ۾ɽĳ
ѪֻѪŮռҵѪֻҵѪŮҵ
迴Χ߱˵
ˮֱгޣ޶ڱǿĸ֪ˮҲ
ˮ֮ϵܽܣֱʶԼĴ㣬Ȼ͸ѪŮȥ
ʱˮʶһԶȥ֮ӰһĴٶȺܿ졣
ˮ۾ԷӺҲһ㶡
˵һ޵Ůӣһ˿ңһͷĳƮΨһһľһ˫ſ׵ĳǰĳ
һ˿ңȻǰģ̸ףҲϸ⻬һַϸĿջˡ
ˡ
迴ˮȻһգգĿžˣе˵Լ֪ΪʲôҪġ
ˮΪЩŮ巢㶣ֻǸоЩںǰ˵еѪһ񣬱ϾǰѪԼѪǲлǶ׫治֪
ڼѪ廹е㾪ȵģ⾪гʲô治ֻ֪ЦЦûƯˡ
ˮûзϣûбҪ˵ʲô̹һ㣬һҲһ˵Щá
ˮֱӰ⳶ϡ
Ȼ費ˣֻɫһֱģԼҲһ˿ҵĳǰ֮ǰЩ˵Լû·Ǵ·
ܿ͵ͷԼ֪ԼΪʲôҪϡͿЩǰԼԼһЩ
ıǰˣ̲ס΢΢̧ͷˣ֪֮䵽ʲô⼸棬Ѿϰ˵Ĵڣ㡭
ֻܿѪŮˮ費ԶڿĺˣǵĴС࣬ȻȻ󣬴ҰԣʧУѻġ
ѪŮˮǰѪŮ֪ܲµ֣οԷһ˿ң


1769 ѪѪŮ
ˮɬҲеץһ˵ĸоνվ飬ʱ䳤˱˴ϰ߶ԷҲڲ֪ӡ˶Էӡ
֮ǰ뷨ȻһҲǽһĻϣʲôദһʱ䶼ġ
վˮߣϵϢо̤ʵܺãֻ뵽һҶ裬յ˵ﻹвٵŮˡ
뵽Щһָоʵ뵽ˣϾûмŮ˲㲻ʵϴκˮ˵˳ȻʱѾ˺ܶࡣ
΢΢ҡҡͷΧĸԼӱܣҲΪ֮
þûŵôʵѪҺζˣһ㷢û˵ѪҺ㰡
ǰǸѪŮЦ˵ּϸĸо
ˮû뵽ĵһ仰ȻƺҲ
һ࣬Ǹģ㲻ϲŮǸең㿴ĺÿ
һѪŮҲǽЦ˵һЦǰֻСӻıˮеԳ
Ȼֻеۣ벻ˮ۾һѪŮ˫ųָһĶСЩԱ˵Ϭ׵ƿһߵ塣
֣
ˮӰһֱ˶ԷϣѪŮóٶȣϧڵˮ࣬Ҫ֪ʥˮˣЩŮǲ˲١
ǰѪŮֻСֻѪŮǸӦòˮ
ѪŮһһģÿһԼһѪŮѪŮһǿѪͳģӹɵѪŮһǿĴڡ
ˮǺѪŮѪͳôжϣǰʱҲѪлߣһĴڣϾǴ˵ڷֻ紫˵һһ
ž
һһˮֱӽѪŮɣӦöˡ
ˮΪԷʲô뷨ɱԼģһŲƤңޣֻǱҪһЩ

ҵʹѪŮ̶Ľһֻ裬ڵռ˱ˡ
ˮ貢ûҪ˶ԷֻѪŮûȥ
ˮ˵ţòãҲҵѪ𡣡
ţѪѪŮҲǲҵӦҲǺѣⶫȻãʺܵͣðѪġ
ˮԶԶĸѪŮҲûпȥΣΪֻѪŮѾûʲôѡģֻȥȱ
ˮҲ£ֻҪѪŮͿˡ
ѪŮ룬Χľɫٴ˸оһЩ¶ȸһЩˮ뵽ЩѪŮ˶񻯶Ӧúйϵɡ
Ƥë·ѪŮǸ࡭
ǰѪŮһɽдļм˲Χ˺ܶӦټңˮҲ֪ᷢʲô顣
ģЩѪŮҲı仯ŷֲĹϵʥ֮ǰûɡ
ʵ仯Ҳˮɺܶ࣬οһֻսзֻʵѾ費ˣˮĵҩźܴõġ
תۼзʮѪŮˮΧм䣬ˮΧѪŮֶͨѪŮ
ɱôŮ롣
һ곤һЩѪŮһˮȥ
һŮŮǼͬʱ˹
ˮ˫ְգӰһӭܵѪŮȥж磬¾ŹĪ⣬ϵžžԶмѪŮϵĲҽС
ЩѪŮˮǰСǵ𣬲һƬ̹ѾָƽֻǵϵһصѪŮ
һ˿ңôѪŮһǳûݣˮûɱ֣Լ֪ΪʲôҲûɱ֣ˮҲ
ˮΧʱ˵ѪŮӦúܿͻֻ֣ѪŮѪ𡣡
ˮͷһüһԶһӰˮȵǶԷѪŮֻѪŮû˫ᣬٶȸ죬ӰӵˮҪǶԷһѪɫȹ
ޣ˫۱̨ҲѷɫʲôֹͣǣԸе촽޵һ˿
ˮȵһͷƮںڷ˿Ϊƽһֻͣսڿеһ˫ѩ׵㡣


1770 һξѪѪ
ˮޱȵ⣬û뵽ѪŮģ֮ǰЩŮŮһ²ʶ»ȻһȽʲôҲԳˡ
ѪŮ
ʱ軺˵ˮһȣ֮ǰֻǸоŮеڲͬû뵽ѪŮ
ֱʱˮҲܵŮϢеƮ죬ˮܾȵķŮϺûôǿҵѪ֮
ܿˮͷֲ֮ŮϲûѪֻ֮Ů˺һѪŮͬʳǾѪ
ʳѪͲʳôˣһһΣʮһξ͹ˣѪŮѪŮͬ
ѪŮӦѪŮˮĿƽȻ󻺻˵ΪʲôҪأ
ѪŮһ֮վﲻŭһһߵѹ
ö˻ƣһִԣˮָоرܣֻһܣһҶ衢衢۳±̨յЧÿ˶ͬ
Ů˵̨еӽΪѪŮԭһ˵ģò˵ҡ
ׯɽһ㣬ѪŮ欣һջ󣬼ĵֱӴﵽ⣬̻֮صܱȵġ
ѪŮһֱΧǲ̵ĺܶˣΪ˲ƽġ
ˮѪŮ˵
ˮĻȻѪŮҲһ㶣Ҳһ㶣˵֮ǰûжɱ־˵ǽǰûôɱ⡣
ˮҲûȵѪŮ˵㻰ôѪŮûʲô𣬵ͷ˵Ǵʥɽġ
ﾺ棬ѪŮһôıҪҪѪŮʳѪʵ˳һֱڣֻǻһַʽʵѪһ̡
ˮû뵽ԼںѪŮ˭̣治ɱѪŮģ˵ģҲãҲûѪŮҲҪھһĵ
Ѫġ
ˮֱ˵
У
ѪŮֱ˵
ˮһ㶣ֻǶԷ̹һʱ䲻֪ôˣѵ˵Ұɣ˵Ҫġ
ﲻǺܶ࣬Ҳ٣һѪŮҵ񣬲ף㿴Ρ
ѪŮˮȻ¶һ˿Ц⣬Ȼѻ
Ŷ˵˵
ˮЦ
һľѪҰҵѪ㡣
ѪŮֱ˵
ˮһ㶣û뵽е㾪ȵĿѪŮ˫䣬һ˿
ˮ֪ŮǲǿԼʣһоԼʲͬѰԲŻһӦ˵Ů˺õԼһξѪ
ֻˮͻȻ뵽һµĿܣǾѪŮĻξѪһѪŮ뵽Щһ󱳲ɲиѪŮŮ
ѪŮĺȫŮԣѪŮͨѪˮԥˡ
һξѪԪģ
Ů
һ΢Цſˮû˵
ǵǣֻһѪŮ;Ѫ飬׵ġ
ˮûϸ˵
ĵãҲ
ѪŮƺе㲻Ȼ˵΢ߣرĺ
ǾͺãҾͷˣҴӦ㡣
ˮɿ˵
㡭ʲô˼쵰
ѪŮô˵ҲǻߣŮƺҪ֪ûҲûд㣬ᣬ˻еˡ
û£ѪóȡҵһξѪ
ˮ˵
УҪȡȻЧ
ѪŮҡͷ˵
ˮεͷ
ѪŮóѪƺˮѪˡ
ˮǺü״СɫѪϢе죬ˮͨһѪƷʲﵽ˰ʮһ£ˮȥƣƷ˵
ôңѪܣ
ˮ˵
ŵùҵ˫ۣҪҲˣЩ˵ô֮ǰûɱҵǸˡ
ѪŮ̹Ȼ˵
ˮֽѪսɾȻ˵ô
ӡ
ѪŮǸɴ࣬ˮһĲȻӦˣκӲͷƤ˵һΣһΡ
ѪŮû˵ߵˮǰһ˵ζƮˮУЩҪŨȴرĺţ˵ϵɽ亣ζز˵ζѪŮζɽ亣ζζˮǵһܵζرĿܡ


1771 ѪŮʣʥŮ
ѪŮվˮǰˣȻеĻţǵһʳԵľѪʵ֮ǰʳһЩ޵ľѪԼޣһһֻʳ
оһ޺ʲôĶǰģȥʳֻǰ˸ĸоһǿ󣬶ѪҺ
ζǿңˮȥһڣֹסԼͷǰ޶˵Ůӡ
ѪŮ
˫һѪŮȻܿƵĶһ֪Ϊʲô΢΢ͷ˵Ҫʼˡ
ţ㡭ˮε˵
ѪŮȻЦһ£ˮ仰̲סЦˣȻͷ۵ġ
˵ѪŮ촽ӡˮĲϣоˮһĸоһĶĸо
ŷ·һһȻˮ͸оԼһξѪѪŮɿڣһĨΡ
ˮû˿ڵĲӣǰŮˣžͷŮϾȻһ㵭ĺһĶ
ˮͻˣʱˮ˵
ˮĿѪŮһĻӲ˼ˣѪŮͷϳһӰһѪɫʹڡ
ѪŮʣ
ȻѪŮʣˮҲǴסˣڵѪŮӦѪŮҲŹֵĿˮ
ʱʵѾȥ˰ʱˣм䶼ڿѪŮı仯мˮ뿪ģ֮ǰ˵ѪŮҪͻơ
Ծˣ֮ǰ˵ѪŮʵͻƲҪͻƵ߾磬ͻƵǰһʵѡ
Ҳû뵽ȻֱͻƵߣΪѪŮʣѪŮѪŮһĴڡ
ѪŮѪһвʲôһһѪһźܶܶ򣬵ѪŮʲһ͵۹Ĳ࣬һ۹ٶ൱ʮϰٸǾ޴ġ
ڳѪŮΧ֪ѪŮѪŮǰ˳ģʵ
ˮԼѪŮʷʳѪͻƵѪŮʵģǾͻУһһԵѪŮʡ
ⰴ˵ѪŮ˵Ǻ£û׼á
ˮڸǲ֪ô죬֮ǰڵĶԷҪԼľѪһҲŮû˼㲻㡣
ŹޱȣʲôҲû˵
ѾˣҲ뿪ˡָѪŮ˵
ڵѪŮϵϢǿѹҲǱ֮ǰ˲֪ٱתûȥˮԼ֪ô졣
ˮԼ̫Ѩ˵߰ɣ
ţ˵һ
˵ʲôȴû˵ˮҲƣԶʱѪŮҲһ壬սҲǶġ
ʲô飬ˮͷѪŮʣԵĻ˻ǲҪȥʥɽһʳѪˡ
ҴӦ㣬ҲʥɽУҵһʳˣҲһѪŮûлͷ˵
ˮ֪ѪŮ˵仰ʲô˼ˮĹѪŮһԱħһܡ
ûҪѪŮһ巢ʲôҲûô֪ˣʲô顭
ɣˮһ׼ҽ˹ȥȻ˲ʧ
ѪŮʱܵĽӹˮĿռˮʧķԼСƽ̹ûһ˿׸⣬֪ｫиС

ˮʱζƿоޱȵƣ֪˵ʲôҲȥѪŮ룬һҲȥˡ
裬ȥʥк뿪
ˮѾߵʥɽ¡
ô
迴ˮ˵
һҲ
ˮҡҡͷһһ˵
ˮʵ㲻鲻áǸѪŮʻǺܲģ㿴һѪŮ𣿡
Сĵ˵
鲻˵ˣơ
ˮƣҪǸѪŮʽһŮǸŮԼѪ
ǲǵһѪŮ
˵
ˮû˵ҲĬˡ
㵣ǾͲõˣѪŮرͻƵĻߣŮǧŮʥŮŮǲͬģҽĳɾͲԶʱڵһŮʥŮЩ˵ڵһϳ̣һһ
ˮǲɵʵ˼˵ϡѪ
ȻãʥŮ˵࣬츳ȴޱȵǿ󣬱ѪŮҪǿĶࡣ


1772 ս񴫳
ĻˮҲ֪òøˣ̫ˣǸͳˣѪŮʶûӣôȻʲôҲûз
ʵʲôҲûзԷֻǽԼһξѪѣŮľԼѪ
ȻŮûκεĹϵ¶ԷƯԷѪŮʣûӵһŮˡ
ȻԷԼδֻ֪ǽŮǸŮȷʵԼһѪ
ˮѪŮʽ˺ܴķգǰûķʽӰ쵽Լ

ʥ֪ˮҪ뿪Ҳܾȣ֮ǰŴӦԼգڰ첻ȴǼҪ뿪
ǲǷʲô飬ҪҪҰæ
ʥڰˮҲѣԹе˵
ûУȥˣʱ
ˮЦ˵ֻЦݿûôġ
ʥ֪ʲô飬ҲͷǺãҲͲˣ·СģסʱҪ
ˮͷʱƺ뵽ʲôʥ˵ѪŮеѪŮսʱˮǸѪŮʲ֪ˮʲôõˮһξѪ˵ˮĺѡ
˵֮ͷͺˮʧʥɽ
ʥɫŹֵĿˮʧķϲѶŮʣûѪŮʣõˮһξѪΪѪŮʡ
ʥʲô֪ĻҲ֪ˮƵɫ뿪ˣҡҡͷԵ𣿡

ˮû˵£˵ˮߵҲģϣʥѪŮʷʲô飬ʵҲ˵˵Ҳá
ҲһԥŮ˻ôƽ⣬ŤͷһŮˣׯֺʵڵĸоһҶһҶһ˿ʳ̻Ϣ¸¥ׯжһ˿ģ𺣶Ŷһ˿ʵڡ
ôɣѵ˻ʲô𣿡
˵Ůһ塣
ûУﶼƽȵģûп𰡡
ˮһ˵
㻹ʲô
ʵ
Ҳ֪
֪оѪŮаģоûаҲкõģħҲģһȫ򵹰ɣҲˣѪŮĲ
æ˵
ˮһ뵽ħ̨գ뵽һ棬һ壬ߵɫǵŮǴ˵еŮһ壬Լ۽̫ˣԭԼʵϻǲ
СѾͷ㲻õңҪǲҵޣ˵׼ͱˣҪͱˡ
ˮЦ
ˮĻ˻ĵһۣߣ˹Ȼûһö

ȥ·Ϻܿ죬ϳ˾и·֮⣬ʱ䶼жȹȻˮԵúˣɾʱ䶼ò꣬ʱȻˡ
ǺŬ츳ȻҪŬҪֻдԲܽ츳Ӻãֻ츳ûкŬֻĻķ츳ΪѰ֮ˡ
ּįּį˵վɽ˿ɵеʱįֵĹóҲǺܼįΪ󲿷ʱ䶼񣬸ûʱ绨ѩ¡
չͣ趯Զչ֮ҲһЩ仯ƺһԪӰ
ӰĺôǾ޴ģʵҲѸٵӣҪʹչȥļԽԽֲ
ˮ˲ٵļ֦иŲ൱ģЩ֦ȥ֮ҵĻǿԼʹãƷʲõļ֦һʹ֮ͳɷƷˣеˡ
һЩ֦ޱȣֻҲһԵģּ֦ԿֲΪɱͱ統ˮһ
ˮڵȻ첻ɱҲԽһĴ˵֦ûα񼶵еСҲһЩ
֦ùһ㶼Զ̣Ҫٶȿ죬ڱнɱ
ˮŹҺܿˮ֪µ츳

ǵǸӰ̫̬ˡ
񹭣ٷְĿ꣬ӰٷֶʮķٷֶʮʸĿػܻ͸ļʺЧʹıٶȣĿ깥ɵļʶܵɵ˺ɵ˺֡
ǸӰֺˮѾеˣӦǵõսĴС
չǵսս񴫳УˮѾԿ϶ˡ


1773 صպ
ˮû裬Ҳûк˵⣬Կ϶
ˮԶͣ裬ƽѾȥˣѪŮʵȻˬҲָˡ
ѾٶˣѾ̫ķˣԾûбҪٸԼ鷳ˣһЩ鲻ÿΪ֮˾ͻ·չĹ켣һִȻĹأҲ򣬷ܸıġ
ǿı䣬ЧҲʵ䷴ʱֿᷢΪ֮ɵĽġ
뵽ЩˮҲԼҪԼЩһֱǽ񾭣µҲû
ҲûԤȫѾ΢΢ˣҲûȥˣˮüٴǰһЩһǿˣôҲҪüԾһ£νһ˵õȮ졣

һ·ƽޱȣºˮصպһֻһ¶һЩʱ䣬ˡ
ˮĻôһǺܾȵģޱȵľȣΪ̫ˣ߲ʥأڻˡ
һҶ衢庮ҷԼǿˮһ㶣ǿĵĺ˴кˮŮӵһ¡
ˮôˣ
һҶ赣ǵʵȻˮģǸо̫˷ˡ
һ˳
ˮͷ˵
庮ҷŵĿˮҲ̫ˣǸղŻ˵ܲܵʥأٶȿ죬Ҳൽʥѡ
ңʲôʱţ˵ǵҲῪЦ
ˮЦ˵Ȼֱӽʥ޻˳
һ˶ˣҲûʲôˣҶΪоȸеģޱȵĿġ
һᣬҲˣһҶ轫˳ˮϽӹһûҲûԵ֣Сһھܺãƺϵˮһ
ˮСһٿһҶ裬ΪСһһҶʱͶˣҸһҶ˵ʲôҲͬ⣬ĺӣ겻£ɺȴҪԼ
ˮԺôһʳ̻ŮΪԼӡ
еǸˮǸоرԺгɾͣµһǿŮ֮ѡԸҪµһҲܲҪŮˡ
Ȼҵʥ޻ҲҪƣֱӾʹõġ
һ֣һһЩƣ庮ҷԼǾȻطˣҲкܶ໰˵ˮϾŻһҲһ֣֮庮ҷˮ֮ѾһЩԼԼڵһҶĻôԼҲˮԼԼĺһ㵥ദʱ䡣
һҶɳϣ˫ּСһҸ£СһվһҶϲֵŤˮǰ涺㿪ġ
裬ʱһȥһΰɣǡ
ˮЦ˵
һҶϹЦݣҲȥСһôˣûмĸء
һҶѾȻĽԼݣҲͥˡ
֪㵣İɣ뿪ʱﲻõģʵ´ˣʱǺͺҷͷİɡ
ˮ֪һҶ赣ǡ
ܷģҲĵģ㡣
һҶЦ˵
ˮһҶ£ļر㣬֪ԼΪʲô֪Ҫߵƽֵ
ˮĿ꣬ûʲô׳־Ҳûʶ£ǺͼԽԽá
˾㲻£˻£Ҳȥûʲô˼ĴڱвȻȻľͷ˺ܶ顣
ˮ뵽ԼߵŮˣһǾɫʲôʱŮ˶鷳Ů˵ŮҲ˵ʵһǿ߱Ҫм飬ֶԷǸԼŮ˱ԼŮƯһìܡ
ìܾԴ̵̰˵ʹǰ
С鷳ˮʲôˣⲢѵˣˮº͵Ϣ˯ȥ
һҶ迴ˮľٶֱӺȻ֪Ҫʲôôķֱ𣬶˵Сʤ»飬һҲСˡ
ӰúãˮֱӱһҶ裬ڶԷ΢ĲǺ̴ڣһȥ
һջĽˮһ飬ˬ޷ݣˮ۽Ĺˮ벻ʳ̻մʱһ˿ģ˲ȼˮļ飬κδ鶼Ҫǿ
Ȼһֱһʱͣ
һҶˮС״̬ϣɱǺܴġ


1774 Ϊһ´ط
ˮһҶıĸ֮İ֬ůһļõĳһ֣֮ǰѾһʱķƸƽĸϸָС
ʵǿ˺ö࣬ǲǡ
һҶЦˮ֮йϵʵӲ٣ԲŻʵ
ˮǰʵԸЩ⣬Ů˲ǲ⣬ֻûѡ֮ŻƽĽܡ
ûУͻ˼룬ûҸղţǱ˺ܾõģǲû㣬øںú㡣
ˮ˵žҪ
쵰ˣĲҪˡ
һҶСԳƸ޵ݡ
ˮסҲûٶЦſҲи룬Զ롣
ʲô룿
һҶ΢΢̧ˮһ㣬ҲϲĻԼо
޵У檳Ⱥ
ˮص˵
һҶһЦµһûʵ֣檳Ⱥ˵ʵˣĿֽ˲٣Ӧøеˡ
ˮҡҡͷЦ˵Һý㣬ԽԽоӣܼܲ£Ҳõɾ͸УںҸоûдڸС
Ӻɷ򣬶Ů鳤ǲٵģһ;ռʱʵкܶҪ˵ǾóڳĺĺǸʱ䣬һһΣһ죬Ҳġ
һҶ˵
ˮ۾úܴҲ֪ʲô룬ߵŮʵ뷨Ӧò٣ǻǰŮǿˣֻճ˵ĲϲһֱһˣʵǺܺãںõĹϵܵķҲҪһԼĶռ䣬ҲҪһ룬еġ
ɷֿ̫ã㲻û𣿡
ˮҧĶ˵
һҶ˵Ҫʱ䳤㣬ŻңҲ㡣
ˮЦˣΪСʤ»𡭡

ˮһҶ˯˴ϣСһˣ˯ʱѾˣСһм䣬ϲĸо
ҹʱˮɾвҪˮҪ¶ԼĻƽսꪡ
˵Ƕ죬ʵһּǿǿǼһЩԭԼһЩǿʯʲôģԭ¼֮ǿ
ˮõѪȻҪϣϾѪеƣоҪõãȻľˡ
ˮɾǷϺܴѪû̫ϲãҪԽѪڽƽսꪡ
Ѫ
ˮĻΪʵ˻ӺлеĹҲǿ˺ܶ࣬Ϊǿ󣬱ľͨľвɶá
ѪǽѪƷȥҲˮһ޴Ǳ˲ܱģҲϵƷʣֻǾжϣˮȴǿ԰ѲϵƷ۷壬ϵ۷塣
ǶĹ̵ȣҲˮΪʲôڶôǿԭ򣬱ֻäˮǿԿú
ʱһһĹȥˮѪѪƷҲһӣˮƷʵٶ֪ûһܵʱǲƷʵġ
ʮƷˣ
ˮͣڵѪ𣬴С֮ǰʮƷʵʱ֮һ࣬ڵѪ֣ӲȻ
ˮ֣ԽһƷҲǲ޴ģҲΪʲôƷԽòϴĶԽá
Ҳ˻˵Ǿ£ʹƷʴﵽһ̶Ⱦһٽ㣬糴һֱӾͻȫϡ
һĶʦֻƾ辭оʱֻͣõŪһƷʵĶһĲ㣬оһ㣬ͻֱ磬ܶࡣ
ˮͨһһĶЩˮͨõĺôѾǲܼˡ
ˮǰֻаͷѪƷʵѪ֮ǰд˴СѪֻдͷСϹתɢ
ʱƷʵѪ֮ǰѪֵ˲֪ٱ
Ū֮Һ̬ڻƽսϣžôˮĴҲһα񼶱ĴˣҲΪ˴õĶ˲ʱŴġ
öҪװŪãˮϧʱŪһʺϵĴӣ̨ϵѥӶˮα񼶱Ҳˮǿеϵġ
ˮûмΪŮȫʲôα񼶱¼һαܴоǴһĽ׶ΣǹЩ


1775 죬ˮڵʵ
ۻѪֻ˲ʱ䣬ȻѪҺֱӵ˻ƽսϡ
ˮΣȻѾʲôرĶ̨ʲôģֱӲͿˡ
ƽսƯˮǰɫĴӣα񼶱Ĵӣʼǧڻƽս洷
ӵٶȺܿ죬ֿ˸оۻңǿҵĽ࣬˿úһֽȵĽС
ϹһЩȻԼһ˵ļ;ˮ߻ħһ㣬Ϊ¸ţ״޻񽳸塣
ˮ֪Լ黹һ˿˿ûȫңңϧҵľ绹Ҫһ
ʵˮڵ״̬Ҳǰˣ״̬ҲҲã°빦ûκε⣬һǲ˲ٵġ
ʱһĹȥƽսɫҺ屻һôһڽƽսУԭһɫĻƽսһһĻɫ
أ
һĽɫ籬ըһɢʱΧһ˲ֵֽĸоƺضΪ֮һ
ɹˣˮϹſĵЦ⣬Ȼ̶ûȫľ磬ȴ˵ˮǺģˮһ㡣
ŽƺȥǿĻƽսꪣˮе㲻ףΪƽս˵ˮˮƽûеܶĳ̶ȡ
˵ûƽսꪵǿ
ˣȲˣڵĻƽսжǿɣ
ˮЦ˵
ƽսꪣʵ
޼᲻ݣֻҪʵﵽԴ̴ǿķͻףӾűĴ̴
⣬һʵԭϴ̴ķͻס
Դ̴аٷ֮һļʾԴ̴̴һУһС
ˮѾôоֲˣԴ̴ƺ̫Сˣ˵ǰٷ֮һˮоûҪʵΪˣƺԴ̴֣Щս̴ĴҲ٣˵Դ̴Σ˵Լо漸ʲܰϣ档
ʩչʽʱԴ̴ļﵽٷ֮
ˮ֮ǰһǸое
̣¼Ӳı֮һص𻵵ļʽ;ųɡ
ƽ֮񣬻ƽսǿս⻷ıġ
ˮЦˣƽսΪսеߣǿǣǿս⻷Ӹս⻷Գǿˡ
Ѫÿһι˺СʧԷһԪ
ӦþѪˣֻƺе̫ģˣĶû˵ӦУоУ˵Ҫǻƽսꪵˡ

ˮǸʱеˣΪʲôԼԶƽսˣһɹˣӦúźܴϵ
ˮ֪Լֻǻ˻ƽսꪱһԼֻǼ˻ƽսԭеһЩ
ѪӦѪ
ΣҲһֵÿĵ飬־սѪӦûõģɶԷԪöԷԪöԷֻŵġ
ˮʵﵽʮһǿֲʮľͨԭˮľﵽ˶ʮ֮࣬Ҳ¡
֮ǰʥһˮķӵĿֲֻһ޵ҾıķҪ֪ˮķͺֲܿˮԼܳסԼһûѹ
ܰҲǱǮ˫սԷԼһû£Լһ¿ҪǱǮ
һζǺܳɹˣˮ൱⡣
ˣҲˣʱŹȥһ²ʣµʱ仹ܳˮʥ޻
ֻһ꣬Ҳûа취лȥʥ￴ûСʥ޻ֲɾ
ʥ޻Ǻܼ򵥣ҪΪ룬»еɼƻϳȥ
ʥ޻Ϊʥ޻ǿ󣬸࣬ѪƷһġ
Ż˲ʱͺˣһʥ޻ǳģƷʻǺǿģûзϵˮ̫ʱ䡣

ڶˮԹ緹͸ǽˡ
Ϳԣ
ǿĵʵ
ȻָԺܴǰһʥ޻ɲֻ˵ġ
ˮЦ˵
лл̫ˣһΪ⼸¹ҪԶ뿪ء
˵仰ֽٺĸо
ôأ˵µģ֮ǰǴӦҵģҪҵŮˡ
ˮЦſǡ


1776 ϲǰܰ
֮ǰһֱϲˮΪεˮ÷֪ûһˮôת䡣
֮ǰӦˮΪоĲˣˮȥѰʥ޻ҲоûϣҵԴӦˮκԼʹӦӡ
ˮҡ
ǿˮижһ˿˵įû˵ںԼģⲻǰӦаֻǲȷж١
֪˵ʲôоҲ氮㣬Ϊεģ֮ǰǲ˵𣬸ϲһŮǺ׵ģοŮˡ
ˮ΢Ц˵ûϸ˵ǲĵǰʱıˣһ˲Լľ
һŮΪԼη֪ΣȴǺԥĵǰŮ˲ĸףһֿˡ
һˮΪҲѻкڣûԼҲϲ֮ǰָо˵ǰ
ȻûȫκӳʮµʮˮѰʥ޻ֻһ¶һ㡣
һԼŮˣ̣Ӧüʱ֣ߵˣԼ˿֡
İ𣿡
ǿˮСĵʵ
ܰϲǰ
ˮ˵
һЦƭҵİɣʲôʱ򣿡
Ҫ˵
˵
˵
˵еףվǰһ̣Ҳ֪Լܰ㣬ʱ뿪
ˮЦ˵
ԭΪŰҡ
ǵƺ˺ܶࡣ
ŶΪʲôң
ˮЦʵ
Ҳ֪ǰ㡣
˵
˵ɣʱҼǵúҲӢ۾ţѾͷо仰ûԵ޹ʵİҲûԵ޹ʵĺޣ֪һ㷢ֵʱ򲢲һܾģһˣվǰһһкַܶʽҪҵŮˣ㲢ΪΪҵֻһ֪ӵİ㡣
ˮǣǵֻ˵
ˮĻĺܿ죬֮ǰɻһʧˣˮҲ¶˵Цݣ㺰ʲô
ˮεЦЦҪá
ˮ뵽ǰǳƺõģƺױᣬ¶ԷԴһ㣬ҲҪƺӣȻ̫ʱƺҲãܱȰ̺á
ĵģҲαģ֪ǼٵģҲֺǰ죬ǻѻһѻܼ򵥵Ļѻ׵Ľõܴıˡ
ûûƤҪ㣬ʵϲ㺰Ѿͷġ
ǿĵ˵ЦϳķˣˮҲһ¶
Ѿͷκˣǳʱɻ飬
˵

ƵʱһС
Ҫѵ·𣿡
˵
ѵ
׬ȥ
Ҳÿúãתȥ
ˮ߷ߵɫæתȥ
ʹϤϤˮһԳ˺һᣬе𣺡Ѻˡ
ˮתͷڵӻ̲סһͷ
һֺǰȴֻǿסǰ㣬ѩ׵ŻԲͦΣûһ´֮ǰһֱ·֪ǵһ
ֻԲεģûһ´ֱͦǵһֻס棬һգ޳ˣʱҡڵڣ˵Ķˡ
ǿˮ΢΢ҿˮģȴһˮϲˮԲ
㻹

ǽ飬κһǰºܵˣһգգĿţǻִٲġ
ǡ
ˮЦ߹ȥһѽ
ǵһҲ˲ֱӱסˮĲӣˮﲻ̧ͷ
ֱӵѩ׵ѩϣȻ
һ壬ǡ
ٳɱ۾ڴϣ̲סĲˮôΪ飬ԺܿͰϽ룬ԻĽš
ûֱ۵赲ˮȻѩ׵ķͦĺͦô󣬺ðףΡΡŶûһΡ
ˮһĿʼ״̬ͻᱣ˫峺ǲ֪ʲôʱʼѾ۾ˮ峺˫֮ҲͲٽˡ
ϲˣҲ֮ǰеһ˿ȣϲĸоҲϲڵ档
еһ˿˿ζ֮ůĺ˯ȥһ


1777 ؼңصٺ
ܿ;ȵķƻʼĶЩƻǵɼµģǷã˰ɣ
ˮʵҲе£ûзԼҵʥ޻ҲûãȻûг׽κãˮʱ䡣ʵˮоӦܱһƻΪͨˣĻҲûжÿԻˣһ嵤Ԫʲôɢƺܿͻʧ

ڸоеЩƻڲĴֺܶӲֻһСΧèһҴܡ
ܿ͸оؿڵһ﷢΢йһϢж͸оеƺǿһЩ
ͣйеΣɫͨ죬ȻֻǴӽ봦˻뵽ġ
ˮȻǵΣǷǳʱ̣Ȼһúõ٩һˡ
ֹһᣬˮóʥ޻úԪסҩڣһǵԪǣЩ翹ֱӱƳ
Ƴ޸壬ʱˮʼʩչǿϵ޸Щûпָܻ˺ۡ
ʲôпľ괺ʲôֻشˮڵҽһҲΪǵۿɼڻָȻǿӵۿɼ
κúˮ˳ֱӹ̱ԪһǵõôǾ޴ġ
˰ʱңˮ룬æ·ʱˮȻеΣϺģǸŮӣʱʤա
·ʱҲˮˣĺܿ죬ˮʱһգգĿ
Ů·ǺпͷģõǺˮһۣ
ˣ߰ɣѺϢ˵һ£һúףһ¡
ˮЦŴͷ˳
Ů֪ȫ֮ȻǺܿģһĵ˵ʲôʱˮȥԵŪơ
ܿ죬м伸ŮæһŪһӵĲˣɫȫˮžƣżλŮһʱƼˣ򸴺
Ժ֮ǰе㲻ͬŮҲû˵ʲôͿˣˮ趼֪ʱǾԤе
ѡе˹飬оһ˲㶼㲻ˮŮ˺ָˮȻʲôԤϵˡ
ӣһŮ˶ռ̫ˣǱ˴˶ģԭ򣬸һ£˵ܿƾܿƵġ
ˮżŮʵ֪ˮָоŮ˽Ӧö˵ʲôġ
Ůͬ׽һǳ£ȷʵѼŮĵĲᣬǿܸˣǣҵĵĸоһ̤ʵһů
û˵ʲôллΪã˵˷衣
ǽѲк󸣣²ˣʵҲǴˣҪҵˡ
庮ҷЦ˵ĵĿˮһۡ
һʵǴмˮ̱ԪһΣοʥ޻ҲʵĹЧʵ֮ǰǿ˲١
ŮʵڻǺǿģˮӼᶨһҪȥһˣѾ̫ûлȥˣҲȶŮʵûˡ
ˮŮȥģǼŮѪֻһҶȥ

һܺˮһҶԼ̤˻ȥ·;мʥɽʱˮ貢ûȥұʵû顣
ٺǣ
ˮһҶ軹ȳڵٺǣֱӳſڣϤһʱָп
üˣ˰ɣԼںд֪꣬ôˡ
߽ſڿʱѩŵ
СѾͷ겻ڿˣµˣһѩ׵ȹˮһ㶣ڿһҶ¶ϲЦݡ
㣡
򣡡
ˮҲЦˣѾͷǰԼں棬һҶ迴ѩŵҲһ㶣ϲ˵ŵ
ˮѩŵʵǻðɣ
ߣһ߾ôãһΪǶأأ
ѩŵ˵žȻаરવĵᡣ
ˮͷѩŵΪЦȻƯ㣺㣬ƯǶкˡ
ѩŵСһҶܿģѩŵϾˣ㣬ֻҪ˵㣬ͻоů
ǶܺãǴҶ㣬㿴Ƕˡ
ѩŵ˵ʱˮѾܵˣͨ塢ӳɲ˳¶ĵЦݡ
ǰһӵֵܣʱ䲻̣ȴһҲ֡


1778 Ǻж
ڻˣ
ͨˮ໥ڶԷһȭЦ壬ӳɲûкˮӵķʽˣѩŵﶼǣһҲڣѾҽʦˡ
겻ı仯ǺܴģļӶ˺ܶ࣬СѾͷҲʮ˰ɣˮֺߡ
ѾѾǵþ˾ˡ
ˮЦܾµŮʮͲ󣬵ʱȴǴ̫ˡ
˾ˣ
СѾͷһˮƺˣĵˮ
СʱѾѾʵļ׶ΣǿԼסģˮҲǰЩСҲмģһЩȻҲкܶǲмģǵҲֻһЩٵļ䡣
ԱǰǸЩͬܵС󲿷ֶмģһܼסܶĶ
ˮѾѾ˵˺ܶ࣬óѾѾѧѧҽ츳
ӣϴѾһҽʦˣȻҲ΢ѧһЩҽŮһкѧ䣬Ѿ켶ˡ
ǻᣬˮ̫ʹõҩΪߣõϰʱˣܴﵽߣǸʱˮõҩǳΪߡ
ߣǵˮõҩģЩʵûʲô̫ı仯ˮϣЩûбϣһμʱˡ
˷ϲ¾ˬˮҲˣ˷츲صı仯ǰҲ뵽
ˮλס죬ǽɡ
ɿˮϲ˵ֽӹһҶеĺӡ
㣬ǽ裬ˮ
һҶЦŴк
ˣ´࣬СһƯ˻֪öŮء
￪ĵ˵
ҲҰɣҲò𡣡
ˮЦ˵һ䡣
˵˭
Цſˮ
ˮӣʵˮҲǾͱͨ峤Ҫÿͨձ˶Ͽɵĺÿ
ˮò죬ԼʵϲϣԼߴһ㣬ͨŵǰָ߸˧͵ģˮʵԼ
ˮ룬ԼƺѾŮԵܶˣ˵ԼӦñͨ嶼ÿġ

ûͨʵҲ˷츲صı仯Ͼˮ˲ٵĵҩˮĴ̼ǵʵȻһҶ輸ŮҲﵽ˽ʵ
Ȼڵˮ໹Ǻܴ󣬵Ҳĸʵܴˣˮе֣ս񴫳ڻûٶȣҲ̫ˡ
ӳɲʵҲǽ֮ǰʵǱͨҪǿģڷ΢ͨˡ
ˮҲͿӳɲʲһ㣬ҲйֽɾҲǺġ
˵Ҫһ㣬ǧʵʵʵеˮϣҪ֪ǧʵٺΧǻʳҲǺߵĴڡ
⼸˻͵ڵҲǣʵԽǿԽ͵о˼ƽеЦһȺ׶԰ĺΪǴ֣һ˼ӽȥĸоǾı仯ʵҰ
мҲв۵ģ֮ͱ֮һֱ˭֪õǿû£ûΪܶȡܶ࣬ܶ࣬ڵüٺǵػڡ
ˮǴߣҵĵλȻٺ˿ɱȣʳҲǶҶرļɵʱҲΪѾϷֻҪþС
ڼ˵ʵ仯ˮǺģԺĵ·ͨ彫һԣ뵽裬սѾĸս񴫳ˡ
ǣˮ뵽̨գħߣһѪŮʣѪŮʻһ־ѪŮѪŮħһġ
һ뵽ҪһԼĺӾƣҡҡͷȥ룬ٿǡ
ҲһӣܿһӲˣˮֱӴɾóһЩơ
⼸ûзʲô飿
ˮʵ
٣˵淢һЩ飬Һǻйϵ
۾һ˵
˵
ˮһ˵
˵ˣڹϵ󣬾ǾǺһЩǿڣ˵壬ʵǿ󣬾˵ѾǺļӴ̵ˣѾһЩǿˣͳһһӴˮ硣
ˮе㲻ףǰͳһͬһ磬ɾʵ̫ˣͳһǺе㲻ʵͳһеһӴҲ


1779 սݵ
֪˵ʲô𣿡
ˮʵҲһʣûȷе֪ϾоԼеԶԼȥǺ򻹲֪ʲôʱأȥȥȷء
һͷ壬ʲôͷۣͷʲôģźʲôս֮ģ̫
Ҳ˵
ˮ֮ȴһ㶣ʶһЩļˮͻȻˣȻǺҲӦð˾Ųʮˡ
սһЩսѱսģоͷ۵ս񣬺ЩħͨһʲôͷߣˮоԷʵС
ˮоһǰǺ򣬵˵սʲôģôԼһȥΪԼս񴫳ߡ
ˮʱ˵ǰ죬ǲ֪¹ˣ¹ǰ¹ġ
ˮû뵽⼸껹һЩ鷢Цʵȥˣ
ȥˣûм˵а¹棬ʵ̫࣬ǿŴһ
Ц˵
ˮˣȻûм¹һ
֮Ȼ¹ߵ´û֣Һͨĺٻã˳
Ҳ˵¹ǿˮҲû飬ȵȵȣȥ¹ģʹڣȻҪн
ˮϣµս񴫳ߣڵе㱡ҲĸˣȻŮǾͲ룬ֻˮϣһЩµӽӴĴ½ֻһ˵ʵޣ֮ǰ⼸꣬ΪʵԭһֱѲ
ϸ磬ǲҪȥ¹ȶʱһȥ
ˮһ䡣
ţҲôģȥǰװ̫󣬰¹⼸ѾʵܴˣþԶҲЦЦı
ƺҪ뿪
ѩŵ̧ͷˮʵ
ҺҪؼһΣѾܾûлȥˣӦúܿͻ
ˮЦſѩŵ
Ŷʲôʱ
ɣǾ뿪
ŶҪúתת
ѩŵĵ˵
Ҫú
ˮǴָһǵʱȥ䡣
Ŷ
ѩŵεӦһҲ֪Ҫ
ˣСѾͷٻʱúǹ䣬أҪúͻȻʲôҲиӦ
ˮԴ
ѩŵûзˮԴ
ˮһֱԼСã౴һ
ʱ䣬ˮָ̹ȥģǰٴι̱Ԫҩ֮˵ˣ󲿷ֵҩʱƣõĵҩࡣ
ˮȻҲûһҽˮĺôǲܹ۵ģһõľû֮Ԭõһѻİ֮
ֻƾһûͿ˵һˣ˵ˮҲһľˡ
ˮһһЩʵõҩšҩ֮ȡ

ʱܿ͹ȥˣˮһҶ뿪ˣûоˣֻڷֱ뿪ˡ
ݣ
ˮʹõ죬ѾԴĸˣҲһ޴ĽˮֱӴһҶ˷ݣҲҹ˿
仯С
죨򣩾壬ÿþѪĴΣǰԽеͼص㣬žõĵصӣʹ߿Щλôһ¿ÿλôһΣÿβԳˡ
״̬
Ժ죨ޣ֮໥͵˴ߣκƣֻӵˣ
ÿʹòԳˣҲĸˣѾ㣬һ㣬ţҲһ㣬ûеĺˣһ㣬һ㣬ǸѨλòС
ȴǿصõģˮڶûãΪһĿǰ޷޸ģˮѾˣȥٺǿֱǸѨλãȥٺǻ߱ȽϽ
Ҳˣ˵Сһ͹ˣϾ޼ûţݴ
ˣλúݺܽݾ㣬ȴûе㣬һλãˮȴԥǲǰλݣ
ݺݺܴȻˮѾ˺ݣ˵ݾͲȥҲ˵ݾûʲôǿڣݺݵˮˮʵ漰ҲǱɽһǶѣֻӦݳһˮоδľݷƾԲô򵥡
ˮĻҧҧֱӶݵƫλá


1780 ּС
ݲζҪȥÿϾѻЩû֪ôˣӦòʲô飬֮ǰˮտġˮ뵽ǲҪȥҿһ黹еࡣ
裬ȥÿ
ˮЦ˵һҶѾ֪Ҳˮġ
㣡
һҶ迪ĵ˵ˮÿκ£Ҳõκ£ǰδеɡ
ˮһҶߵſڵʱ򿴵һŮӣˮһԷˮҲһȣе㾪ϲ˵ˮ
Ů欣·飬ûûʲô仯ۣһ˿˵ķ飬ɫһҶĲ˺ܶ࣬ˮߵŮӶҪһ㣬Ƿ˵ķͳˮоҿ˵ĸоһ㼤
С࣡
ˮЦЦҲá
ˮû뵽ʵ̫еǸˣһģһ˵Ըһơ
ѾʮˣһУǷݴĸ飬ϴһˮΪˣϣ
⼸굹Ҳûô̫ˣֻһοʱеǷݸо޷ƵĸоĶ
˫Ư۾ֱͦıӣԸе촽촽΢ԸС
ţе㲻㿴
˵ˮҲе㲨һμԽԽо˲һˣرߵŮˣɣĲһεġ
ǸˣԵˣˮ黳Ѿ⡣
һҶ迴ˮɫҲе㾪ȣŮ˵˼Ǻеģˮɫƺе㲻ͬû˵
ˮЦЦһȥ
ã
ˮͷһҶһ߽ȥһȥͿѻһȥ߻ҩȥһ׳ĺͯ
ϵܣˡѻ꿴ˮ󼤶˵
ˮæǰѻһܱ
ȻһҶԼĴк
׶иɵֶɵȡġѻ׳СһЦ
ɵСһһЦе¶ſɰĻ
ˮСһԴСһﳤȴǺܽ׳
óһС͵ĸͷˮƽʱʱһȻα˵ҲǣεС˵ǲ
ˮﻹǿԿģ׳Сţļһǻǲģ˫ۿ󣬽ʵøͷӲ
ˮ͸Сͷ˵ǸͷûпУҺأһСûʲô
ӵһЩսʹӲ࣬ǿңһ̶ϣһֿٵصƣѣһһֱǰơ
СӶԼɵˣˮȻҲССӣһɵ㶫úѧԺǶ򵹣ʱкܶСѾͷϲġ
ˮͽ̻Сˡ
һҶЦ˵
ãƯһ
ױ𿴻ͷԣǴĺݣһҶ迴ҲóһƿǿǵĵҩݸףСһﵹͦġ
Сһ㵹ǲ
ĵ˵Ҳ۵簮
ѻˮһҶ軹ӭ䣬ˮںܸˣûɸоϤУȻİֵ֪ܸо
Ǿһ˸оůһ̤ʵĸо

С㣬֪ﲻҪҸ㿴
ѻƺȥ׼ʲôˣˮʵ
Ҳûʲô˵ˣǾˡ
Ц˵
ʱ̫ûԭ˫Ѿˡ
ˮһ£˵ˣһǲᣬˮ˵ҲǴ⣬ѻҲҽΣֻǾˣǾѡ
ţãһҰһ£ȥ֮¹ͻˣ֮ǰҪǿһЩ
ˮݸһƿǿġ
ллңôл㣬ǮҲϡ
Ц˵
ѲôĪѡ
ˮе㲻Ҳ֪ʲôоǹֵֹġ
һֱѵġ
ˮҵģˮİ޿ɹƵġ
ˮ뵽һμĳһŮ˾Գ룬ԼԶԼ
ֱŵĸоǺܺõģȥΪˣˮڵĲˣҲеˣһֲ֪ôݶоˮǵԼ֮ƺҲͦġ


1781 쵶ɽׯ
ˮҲڶ룬ԽԽƣҪԼ֪ԼӦһʲô̬ˡ
ﲢƵǰˣҲоԼˮ֮źܴĲ࣬һŵڸо
½ŵڹɺǿʵﶼֻҪϸﶼġ
ˮӴһʱ䣬֪ԼһŮˣҸоϲǸŮˣҲǸŮˡ
ìܣ֪ԭԼʱĽӴһ㡣

һᣬ׼ˣ½ҲˣһھϺã˵˵ĸоŽкá
ƺûôԸΪʱͻȻʮˣֱӳ嵽Ժ˽ѻ꣬ɣ
ˮﻹſӣе㲻Ŀѻ꣬ѻǿЦ˵иʵȥΪЧͣ˲죬ⲻˣƺѾûġ
ˮƺˣЦ˵˵ϸҽ־ˣ֪Էʲôͷ
ˮ˵ĺɣûаЩ˷ֻû뵽˻ϡ
Ѻҽãˮˣһжѻģֲɸá
Է쵶ɽׯģһðʵҲǺ˽⣬ǿ󡣡
ѻ˵ˮƺѾ΢
Էˣϸ磬ȥɣ
ˮվЦ˵ȥ
ѻҲվмŮˮȥ
ѻ꣬ȥˣ֪㿼ˣׯڵػء
һͷ
ˮѻʱѾ˳ˣˮ˵ˣһˣ°ͺܼ⣬촽Ҳֻüëб̣Ӧһ˫Ӣüëϧһ˫ϸ۾ƻˣһ˫綾һ۾ϸ䣬˿񲨶˺׸о˲ࡣ
ѻ겢⣬Լƺе̫ˡ
ʵؼҲѻ꣬ʵУȻ벻ѻ꣬Ҫ֪տء
ѻûм˵߳Ǹ˽˵һģˣѾǵ˼ſڡ
ˮɲɫԷʵҲǲǿǱȻģԼûг֣ôѻô죿
ˮſЦŵѻ꣬ߵףټҲ뱻ˮ֪ѻԹԾͷǺѡ
ÿ˶㣬㣬ֻҪһץסֻܱǣűߡ
ˮ֣˲иˣһûˣѪ飬һʬˡ
Ҳ㣬Ϊ쵶ɽׯҽʦǵλߵҽʦˣ㻹ʲôԥġ
ƺҲûôƼһƼˣԷҲ˵ɽׯԺԼʲôҽΣôĶ֪
ڵˡ
ˮʱЦ
ʵ˵ѾˣһŮˣûòһ˿̻ϢŮˣһСѾ˶˵Ŀ⣬вдĽ̰
ˮȻôŮˣԻǸصĴۡ
˭Цʲô
üʵֵˣϢǿ󣬸һƮŮˣӦòô򵥡
żûҹ˿ʶ˭ˡ
ˮõĽߣ
۷絶
Ŷϵҡ
ˮЦ˵
úãҲأû뵽Ȼˡ
˵
ң
ˮЦˡ
ҹ˿˲ٵ飬ˡ
ʱָƽ
ˮȻǣҹ˼ңҹɼҡҵȣǰ쵶ɽׯʲôϵʵôˣ
㲻֪Щкܶ඼쵶ɽׯˣ
ˮ治֪ɽׯЩֻǰɽ¶ˮģΪʲôгͷˡ
Ҳ֪ʲô쵶ɽׯֻϣǲҪҵѺˣҲ
ˮĿˡ
֪η㻹ԼһˣȻ쿴㣬һҪ쵶ɽׯģѻ꣬ûУѾˡ
תͷѻꡣ
ţҺֵܹˣҲҪĻᡣ
ѻҡҡͷ
úãȻȫߣ쵶ɱ󣡡
ŴһΧʮ齣γһ絶һ󣬿޹ؿԣˮΧм䡣
ˮһŶԷһȵĲޱȣ쵶ɽׯǸó󷨵ˮֻЩ˾ܿҲв׵衣
ϧˮˮǰ󣬼ֱŪɳ׾


1782 ֣
ŽԼΧסʮˣˮɫƽĿǣȻǰһ
һĿˮǿѹֱɢȥˮһֱ̤һֵλãͷ·۵λһ㣬ۣλþ罫ϻݺצεһסߵߴһöԷûطá
ˮվ￴ŶԷƽĿţٸһᣬ뿪㻹ΣҲǰ
ŵɫ˲䣬ǸԸˣˮ͸䣬ǰˮһս
ΣԾ֪ˡ
ɫе˵
쵶
ŴһƶˣһȻһϬĴȻ̧𣬾վһɱơ
ϧˮҡҡͷѵԷȻ֪ԼվλãҪⲻ߱סߴ磬ٶҲûˣΪʱпܱɱ
ɱ
ŴͷˮȥͬһϬĴһϢ۵ϣž쵶ĵУޱȡ
ˮ֪ŻûкͿҲûҪԼǲúϹ֮ơ
ˮʱȴȻһŲ£һǿҵԪֱӹȥ
䣡
ˮһֱӾߵߴ磬һ쵶ɱϵм˿Ѫɳȥ쵶ɱ˲ʧ
ˮžһֻͻȻйһеѳذѾˮĨȥϧʱѾǿ֮ĩһ㡣
ˮӰٴǰ̽
֣
ž
ˮֱץסŵĲӣ
ۣ
ˮʱΪ󱬵ļʾȻˣˮֵһɱˡ
ˮʵûҪɱԷھҲоŵƷ̫ˡ
һΧֱӻˣЩ˶հ쵶ɽׯֱϵˣھȻһ
ˮڵʵŸǺܶ࣬ҲֻûȫҲûǳ󱬵ʱҪȻˡ
ˮҲһ£ҡҡͷŶʣµһЩо߹֮ӻ֣߰ɣׯһ죬㡣
ˮ쵶ɽׯֱϵӦòô˽ᡣ
ѻʱﻹǺܼģˮʵ̫ǿˣоʲô쵶ɽׯˮĶ֡
һָоҺǿҡ
ˮɱŲģ쵶ɽׯׯֱϵʵΪϵ磬飬̤Ҫʱľ
ʵţҹ˿һаӦ֮ǰЩ˿Կ쵶ɽׯó󷨣ʵˮλܶ࣬Ȼʱ䣬⼸ˮͼŮʵ仯е̫ˡ
ˮҲһģڸˡ
࿴ˮ˻ּͰǰ쵶ɽׯ˸ˣʵżɢǿţеҡ
ϲˣǸŮˣһֱҲָоԼĽŲ
һٴνȥûжҵˣһġ
еңõˮչˣܵģϧˮ֮ĹϵЩѻ֮Ҳǹϵܺá
ˮʱһȣžǴϲ
үˣ
ˮæվ΢Ц˵Ͼ۱ҲСһŮˮĶӶµ¡
ˮˣ̫ˣͷܣˣ
̾
ʵҲǺܲףһ̾˵ǿĶ֣ĵˡ
Լ˲Ҫ˵
ˮ
ѻҲЦүӣЩһֱչˣȻͱƽˡ
һ˲˵ЩĻˮ˾ͺˡ
رĿġ
Щ˶ˮǾԵţˮûиоʲôһĸоˮǡó֣黹治֪ôչء
үӣ쵶ɽׯʲôڣ
ˮҲǶ쵶ɽׯ
쵶ɽׯλﶫϷ쵶ɽһأ쵶ɽׯҴкܾˣ쵶ɽׯ˶붼ʹôΪֻǰ쵶ɽׯô罻Ҳ֪ΪʲôͻȻļһЩǿߣһЩҩʦҽʦʲôĶڱ֮УҲˡ
һһ˵
ѵ쵶ɽׯҲֻһܺߣ
ˮͻȻðһͷ
֮ǰ쵶ɽׯȴôˮ֮ǰ뷨еͻأҲûпܣΪҲ˵ˣɽׯиԵĹأǲ
ҲˮΪʲô²⣬ȻҲо쵶ɽׯĹرˣڵׯֶ̨ͨġ
ЩˮĲ²⣬ˮָоӦòô̫ƽˡ


1783 Ļ䣬ز
Ȼ뷨ˮ黹Ϻɵģνո˵ֻʵŲ֣ΪоԼĽС
뵽ҲЩ½ûƽÿһ춼ںܶطһĴսϡ棬ĵطжڴ½ʵֹ˶к޵ȴڶ
쵶ɽׯǰûдŴҵ£ٴһһЩ½ϡ飬һȾƣҲˮѻ졣
һҶһһЩĻ⡣
үӣﶼðɣ
ˮ¾ƱЦʡ
ãЩô
е棬֪ˮѾʲôˣЩʵҲӲ٣ˮİæΪߣ֪ⱲӻϾͣ龳ˡ
첻֪ˮѾߣ֪һᾪȰȻҲ֪һҶʵŮӱһСͨŮһʵҲߡ
⼸һֱͽں£һʱʱѲǰⲻͼŻؼҿ
ˮҲоԼһ飬ý˵
ˮûаԼļ͸¶ʵڼļŮҲӦ쵶ɽׯǰ쵶ɽׯûرֲ
㻹ûüؼҰɣ
ҲǸоرңһܸıһı̫Ķ
յҲãϣ쵶ɽׯׯһˣȻǾ͹ȥʮˣǾֱ˺ˣʡġ
ˮ˵ǲԼ鷳ġ
ˣ쵶ɽׯׯҲġ
˭ҲҪֻҪҰֱǶ

Թˮ˵С㣬ҽһ°ɣ
ˮ֮ǰӦˡ
ã
㣬ȹȥˡ
һҶЦŴк
ȥɣҪ
һҶͷ
ԺദˮȻԼе㼤ӦǼǱĵһּǰûʲôûгΪŮѣߵһ𣬸иԵˮҲԼѴ
Ųӡ󣬾ǵڣ᲻ʱʱоĳǲҪƽԼеź

ˮǱСѡģ֮ǰˮĿסˣҲǲ⣬ˮΪʲô۹⿴Լ
һźоҲ˵ĸо
ˣĺˡ
Ц
񣬺񡣼һģһԸһġ
ˮûзҡͷЦ
ܰ
˵
ܰʮˣҺ˹ϵҺϲϲϲҶ֪
ˮҡҡͷɬ˵
Ҳǵڣ˵ԼеĻ
ǵһˮϲŮȻǺߵģȴһ޶ģΪܶܶŮ
һ㶣ԭȻϲŮһֱǵ˼ҺԼһģһ
뿪㡣
˵
Զ뿪ҡ
ʵˮ뿪ˣ뿪Ǹ磬ȴǲ˵ֻ˵ӦĻ䣬õĻ䣬ȴǻزȥˣѳΪȥزˡ
ǲһֱڰҵ
ʵ
ҿֻǻ㣬Ҳ㵱
ˮҡҡͷЦ
ллҪǰҵԺ󻹵㡣
Цˣһ۾ܺÿˮĶһϤоһĻ䡣
ˮģ˵ľܿͱκˣǰû˵ʱҪã˵Ǹ첲ĵʱֱӸ·ʩ롣
ˮһ˳ʩʱ䲢ʱֶ˼ˣһһµŮ
ˮҲܲ³ʮŮ
ѾܾûСѾͷѾˮĿλãŮ磬ڵѾ޳ˡ
µٴһ˵۾·˵һһ˿⣬ȴ鶯֮˸оرĴ
Ѿͷϲϵˮ塣
СѾͷ˵
壡
ߵˮ΢ЦŽе࣬󷽵壬ء
ôˣҲûи׼ʲô㵱ɣ´㲹ϡ
ˮңȭֳݸСѾͷ
СѾͷʣʺϣȭңǲܺߵһ𣬵Ҳ
лл壡
СѾͷ󷽷ĽӹһЦǳǳľѡ
֪ɫѾȥˣˮһҶҪ쵶ɽׯȰ鴦ˣܻȥȻﵽһкԶˮþлǺܿͿԵҵģˮԼ뿪﷢ʲô飬Ͼ֮ǰɱš


1784 ҸҪӡ
Ҳʱ򻹴һЩˣЩҲˮѻڿкŲһЩ⡣
ˮһϢ˵쵶ɽׯׯƺѾԽߵĴڣ
쿴ˮ˵
ˮ˼ΪʲôһֱеüĿչһʼ֪£ˮţҲûʡ
컹̫ˮȥоǰˮкá
Ǿ˵пˡ
ˮƽڱӴ߲ˣ߻ǿԽӴġ
Ǿ仰ʵûӴԷмڽӴβһ˲׶԰СܶһĶһûгͻԷҲûǸʱ䡣
ˮ⣬Ҫڷһֱû鼶߶Ǻٺ٣ҲǳҲٺ١
ʱ䣬Ҳؾ磬һ֮Ѿоͻƻˡ
ҲֻǿܣӦ߼۷壬Ŀ̫Сˡ
˵
ʵҲҰĸоǲɴĴڣʹĲ²⻹۷塣
ʵˮҲǸоĿԺС
ص䣬Ѿ˯ˣһҶڻʲôˮ߽û̧̫ͷֻ˵ˣ
ˮһ΢΢бڳﻭһҶ裬ǳȾϢڵרעɫ˵Ķˡ
ˮһҶ軭ԼѾ׶ΣŮó黭ĺܶ࣬Ȼ˵ȻܺˮȣϾˮѾѰˮ׼ˡ
һҶĻҲǶģˮоӦǴﵽ˻Ǿ磬Ѿ˹֮С
ֻĹϲǻվﲻֽϣ˸оҪ֧ǵĹ
ѰĻվǻһǻˣֽϣֻ˸оһ㣬ǾǳѰĻ֮ˡ
һҶﻭˮԼŮˣһֱһҶʡ
һҶ̧ͷˮһֱԼǷޣǺӶˣһ˿һۣô껹𡣡
ö
ˮЦ߹ȥ§Ц
ҳΪһ׷ԲԵʱʱ֪᲻ῴҡ
һҶЦ˵
ٱ䶼ԶеǵӰӣԶıģֻҸӵ㡣
ˮƽЦȲҲʲô̬ȣƽȴһ˵̤ʵ
һҶЦķȸˣָָϵĻ㿴ǲֽˡ
ˮͷѾǻǾˡ
ˮŻҲǺгɾͣԼһҶԻģһ˲ܴﵽ磬»ܸҲҪ˺ģǳĵģȻġ
ĳɾͲһҶܻôãһһŮϲԼԼŮˡ

ڶˮɺ磬ӭų˰ʱȭˬں꣬ˮǸо½غá
ˮݣˮˮһָоǳĸоϲ½أһӡĸо
ԹѾˣˮϣԷŻؼأ̫ʱûлؼˮں޲ϻȥ
ˮռݵλеĸ壬Ϊ˼ңŸоԼһ긡ƼԼиҲĿ꣬ϲŭ˷ҸҪȻȡٴĳɾͣٺҲ֡

ˮЩͷʱ̧ͷԶһƬɫ㣬ǰһ
ˣ
ˮܿģ㲻ϣеûʱͶԷġ
һҶ֮⣬˲ɣ쵶ɽׯܸߵҹ˿ҲǶһ޶оǲˣ쵶ɽׯԼиǿơ
ҹ˿Ҳļ֮һļڶԷǰûУɼԷǿơ
ڵͷļܶ࣬ھԵʵǰͷˣҶҲͲˣο˺ͼȾǺ΢
ˣ
ˮѾԷˣнˣӸ·ѾˣԷûֹͣơ
ˮûϸˣΪʶҲûٵһʱ俴ȴͻȻſһһġ
һֻ޴ӡγɣȻӡֱܼȺ£޴еĴ󲿷ɫ䣬һʱסܶˣȴֱܵȥֵһЩѸٵ뿪֮ǰλãµﶼ˲ϡ


1785 ݵ֮֯
ԡ޴ǿҵԪɢһŨҵǴĲҽ
һдӡѾĵش׵ĻˣȻû˵ˣȴöԷǱޱȣˮ֮ǰֻɨһҲ֪ԷʵһȻЧ
壬Ҫľ壬֪ԼǰǶôԺԸԼҪ뵽龰
Ȼ󲿷˶ǱӴܿˣҲвˣһˣвˣһɫף˼Ŀˡ
Ҳ˿ǿҵľûкǣʱҲɫѿĿˮ
ˮõļˣߣɫӣһĴ󵶣ģˡ
رмǸˣ¶ţ޳˫ͦεӰκˣһųϲû̫µĺۼ˫ȴּ㣬һϡ
ˮ֮ǰǲ붯ǼֻǶĻһˣˮɱˣȻҲǿԷֻ뿴Щ˻᲻ֵס
ĪҪٴ
ˮЦſſлʣµļ˵
֮ǰһѾˣʣµļվڿУˮϲô̧ͷˣЦĮֲмһˡ
ΪʲôҪ쵶ɽׯȥ
Ǹŵ˲ûֻǳʵͷˮˡ
ˮû˵Ȼٴγ֣һε֮ǰȻ¡
ԣ
һضɽҡһοҲûʣһˣˮųǰһӣǼǱ˵оô
װҪʵģȻɵƣ
⼸ɫ˲ٱ䣬ǻţҪ֪ðǿߣðǿߵǺɱ֮ģ֮ǰǵжѾðˣɱҲΪ
ԽԽǺ£վ޴Ŀһʱ
˵ɣ쵶ɽׯʲôˣɽׯׯûгֵĻôǾֱӿɱˡ
ˮһ㡣
쵶ɽׯׯ⼸ǻ֪ǰʲô顣
Ǹŵ̬ŵ͵˵˵ʱ΢΢
ˮǵıֻǺģ˵Ļüͷŵ˾ƾ仰Ҳʲôö
ǶԷ֪Լ˭Ҳ֣֮ǰЩ뿪ӦѾ
治֪ҽΪʲô
ˮõ˵ɫҲ
ˣӦ֪쵶ɽׯģҲɼΪ˲ڣֻΪǰˡ
쵶̾ε˵
ˮһֱ쵶ر˵ʱɫĵĲˮо仰λġ
Ҳ۷ʵҲһ֮ң֪Ϊǰ󣿡
ˮˣ˭ڱ߶һС
ˮ˵ţѾʼˣҪ֪ԼŮڷݣȻһ룬ûв治˵
ֻ֪֯Ƿ֮ҾͲ֪ˣҪľɷݵʵԶԿݡ
쵶ҡҡͷ
֮֯ʲôְλ
ˮʵ
ֻǷ֮µİ֮һҲΪ֮񱼲
쵶˵ſˮƺ뵽ʲô
ƺܿͻģҵĵβ
쵶˵
Ŷ
ˮôˣˮоݴսʱݶӦò٣Ѿƺһ㼣
ⲻе㼣󣬶ԼʵѾˣݴսȻ˶սֻʵ֮սӦһֻУˮѾӴˡ
ԼʵӦҲ׶Լѻ˶֣ڰƽԼ֮ǰǲô޴ġ
ʵ֮֯Ҳûʲôãҵֲ䣬ƽʱҲʲô飬֣ܽӴܶˣҲһܺõĻᣬõܺõԴȻôҲǰõģҪΪ֮һЩ飬ҲҪڷǳʱӷ֮ķԸ
Ҳپͻõٻر
Ȼˮоðˣ쵶ô
ôû֮֯
쵶Сĵʵ
ˣǻȥɣҲ뱻ţӦװɣ
ˮӻ˵
Ҹҿ϶ܿģ뿪ͻģҲġ
쵶˵
ʵϣҲģߵˣһԸӲЩķУһЩ飬˸Ӳȴ۶ϣķеֹԼǰĽŲ
Ȼ¶⣬Ըеķʽͨ۷ĵ·ǧ
ˮ˵쵶Σˮǵڶӡ֮ûǿҵԹޣһҲûУˮ뿪ԭʵһʵԭ򣬾񼵶ʣ̫ˣҲûˣֻгݡ


1786 Ļؼ
쵶뿪ˣˮоԼҲûȥŶԷӦ֪ô˵ģӦûԼӦǷ֮ڲǿĴڡүӣ֣ȸˡ
ˮڻȥУϾûлȥѾ˼ſˡ
ˮ˵ڻؼֻƬ̾͵ˡ
·Сģ

ˮһҶӻʧѻǰ
үӣһβ֪ǲƽȹ
ѻ꿴ˮʧķ˵
õģи߸Ӷţ֮֯ĿǷݣҲֻһ֮ˮڵʵѾɲ⣬ûз֣˵ߵʱҲǺɣûһ㾪ȡ
ʱޱȣĵ˵
ү˵ˮʵҲ𣿡
ѻ꼤˵
Ǹ쵶Ӧ۷ʵˮǰƺûһķֻ֮һ˵ˮߡ
ѻ˵ĸоͺñǰһͨ˷һгʲô˵ĳ
ǲ˼飬ˮôѾˡ
ѻǺЦţֻججĸо

С
ˮٴͣʱѾҺܽܽˣȻ󻻳ɽҷȥ
һʮʱˮ˽һҶ豧żзȥ
ɳˮʱ﷢չǺܿ죬仯ҲǶôԣϾʷٵһ̶ȵʱٶȾͻ
˼УˮȵļʲôȻѾ֪ûʲô飬Ǻе뵽￴
ſڵˮһ㶣ȻǾϲˣ
ҲˮҵģˮжǣҲǾְء
ûзʲôɣ
ˮЦŵͷ˵
ܺã
һ飬Ȼ˿ˮһʱ䶼ˣϾһһ꣬߰ʱ˵ҲǺܳˡ

һϤҲֻһϤһŮ˹
Ѿͷ
һҶˮнӣˮ˵סŮ
Ѿˣ߰ʱҲǳˣͻ룬һЩ龫֣ʱŤͷһҶ裺Ưˡ
ѾͷôƤôˣʱ仹졣
һҶԴ
Сһÿұ
ûһֱˮϾҵʱ򶼳ˣѾߵˡ
ˮ¸Ͻ˹ȥ㻹ðɣ
ˮĸرĿģʱ䲢ûĸʲôµĺۼ˵⼸Ҳɿ
ܺãˣ̫ˣ֪ͨ㸸ף
¿ˮǺܼġ
һһڼҶЩӶ
ˮĵ˵
ʲôͺˣӶˣ⸸׵ģúú̸̸ɣ
¿ĵ˵ָָԵŮ
ڤڸˣ֮ǰ˺ܶ࣬һεı仯һ޴ķԾرڤ
˸оߴ˧ϹЦ⣬ɢһǿҵˮ⣬ǿĺȻ
ڵʵȴѾ۷ˣˮɨһȻ֪ǵʵʵˮûио죬Ҳûио
ʵ̫ҲǺ£Ȼ͸ܸϾ˵һǺѸϵģҪʱĥϡ
ʵȹ̣ҲĺȻйϵǿ󣬾͸ʵȹ̺ǿ
ˮͷļ򣺡Сӣ
͸ʱȲ̫ˡ
Цжһֳݡ
ÿ׶ǺеӢۡ
ʵߵͲǾԵģԽɱ˵ںܶ࣬ȹ񣬲Ҫʧһζʵϡ
ˮ˵
Ǹ׵Ľ̻塣
ˮļЦſŮѾ˼ɫˣֵȻŵϢִݵƺй֮޲

ĵıסˮĲӣģҪµ
ˮסôˣҲҸ˼ˣôޱӡ
ҲŲңӳȥ𡣡
̧ͷˮ
ˮͷҡҡͷãģСӻ䲻Ժʵ˵
ЦЦͷ
ʵʮҲϾ۷壬ķʽսǿһƽɣرٶȺͳ־սϸǿ
ˮڤʱǺܾȵģСվ·һӰһֻǸоϢڤ֮ǰǿܶ࣬Ҳ֪Ǻûǻ
ˮĿǰûзʲôֻǸоڤ֮е̫Ե


1787 ˮŮǡ
ף
ڤ΢ЦŽе
ǰ㵽һƿֻҪͻˣ֮ܳһʱ㶼ǰһһƽ
ˮļ
ˮһλؼңǰǣߵҲֻѾ۷壬ҺܿͻͻƵ۾硣
ն
ˮסŮ
СѾͷҲǴˣһŮ٣ʻԣƲʲôš
ϲ˸оǰƺκ鶼ôУˮĵľŮΪеأܸо֡

ЦſĵĽеЦЦҲĿģˮĿģֻǾЦһ㻯ǳһ
ǼѾͷҲˣߵûϲˡ
ˮʵǲʣ뿴ŮʲôӦ
һϾȻһæҡͷûУûС
ˮŮıҲһ⣬ŮѾˣǰķӦˮҲһκ֪Ǻߵ죬Ǳ˵졣
úãûоûУһߵҸııϲľǵϲģòã
ˮ֪ûжʡ
ţлл
͸㡣
ˮóֻʺһԼһЩµĻֽ
Щˮ׼ģ֪ҪˮɾΪ׼һЩ
ҲҪɲܺ˱ˡ
ˮ
ŶǲҲܻˡ
ˮ˵˳ȻǶУϲһеľûˡ
оƣƶ˺ˮŮˮ֮ദҲǺ٣ˮӡ٣Ҳˡ
ڵҲˣЩӲʲôԸ񵫸ŮԣǶǺܳĽԼĸףǵĸ׸˵˺ܶǸ׵飬һ棬һǿĴڡ
һһʺԼƲòá
ˮܵŮϵϢʱͻȻ뵽ġ
ŹݻƲˮһֱûãⲽҲԽоŹŮԵľŹˮ㽻С
ΪƲԼһЩȴǾ裬ԺƲľˣֱӱ仯ΪŹ仯ΪӵľŹѧϰŹЧá
ã
ˮԴȻûС
ˣ룡
ø˵š
ҹ˹Ů˵ˮѾκˣˮ֮ʵǿԼ֮Ѿˡ
һεκ㣬ſ˵ˡ
ˮЦ˵
Ѿϰˣͦõġ
˵
㿪ںҵ
ˮԴˮҪͷܺ˵
١ŵ
ûȻˣ޳һֻͷԵľһ˫۾ͦ˧ģʮĺѾſˣԼĻĺܳֻСʱоûбСһﾫ¡
ûڼң֮ǰҹ˹˵ڡ
۳㡢䡢˫ڵˣһ㶼ڣŮѾֳ˺üȺ壬ҪԣǶŸԵ飬ǰҵ
׺¡ƶˡ¸¥ԼʦװԼˣѾľ߹ģһҹһָĴˡ
̡̨ɽÿ궼ҼΡ
ҹ˹ңԬá
ݺӡڰٻڡ
ɷ褽ѧҲˡ
̨աӦħ
һҶ衢衢ǡ庮ҷպ
ˮ뵽﷢ԼŮѾˣڼҲҹ˹Ԭգ˵ļŮһؼҵĴ࣬һ㲻˵ûµʱһ졣
ˮˣȻҪǴţǻҵһЩˣ౴ԡ͡໢ӵȴ󲿷ֶǰŴС
ˮĺˣڼҵʱ࣬ҹ˹̵Ͼҹ˹ʵǿˡ
ˮҹ˹裬ԬգȻڻûŮˣŮⱲעŮˣȻһǵĶ
˶ѰˮŮˣˮĺӶǺģԭҲԶ֪ҽŮ
ˮԼҸˣ˷򸴺
һһӣ
ҹ˹վһҶߣں˵⻰һҶҹ˹ճһһʳ̻һǣˮֻƵ뷨ܰŪһϡ
Ȼǻʦװ¸¥Ͳ׺£˳ˮе㼤ûָоȻ˵
ˮ
ֱӾ˵ˮ


1788 ͥҵгɡ
ˮˮŮˣȥˣûһۼϳǵʱʧȥŮˣҲǿΪˮԲŮˡ
龰õҩ¯ȣһֱҵˣܶܶࡣ
һΪ㲻Ҫˣ챧ôûˣ
ǺЦ뿪ˮѲ׺Ƶˮ
ˮס׺£סŮˣһĻˮϲŮˡ
ΧϾˣ׺ɫ΢죬̧ͷЦſˮˣ
ţˣ벻ҡ
ˮ˵
룡
׺С˵
׺ǰŮ񼶱ģˮһμʱڽϣֲңɼĸоû뵽һΪԼŮˡ
ںӶѾʮüˣ֪ȻѾȥôˡ
װ
ˮ§ôŮˣԼĵһŮˣҲʶģʱׯʱʶ˰ɡ
λ߲ߡ
ʦװЦֻ˵˵֪ˮǲͣģڳƶ鲻
ǲǲҡ
ˮˣ主󣬻һ˿ӢһѪʿٿᡣ
ǣ
ʦװЦ˵
λڼһЩӣһòá
ˮζ˵
Ȼ˵Сˮʵеġ
ʦװһ죬ˮ񣬾֪˵ʲôֱƿȥһҶ˵ˡ
ˮ࣬СŮˣСŮˣŮģҲһͷʤ˱ãң÷ĵطͦΣĵķرˡ
ˮıһѾһӵĸףҵ˹УˮܿģԼŮ˿ģˮҲĵġ
Ҫš
ˮЦ˵
Ҷ㣡
ĿתСŮ˵ջġ

˶
ˮẰһ
ƶ˽ıסˮֱ꣬ڼȻޱȣǸֵŮˣʱҲǺȻıסˮ
ˮƶ˵һĺϷԣƶ˵Ǳģˮϵˮĵһˡ
˺ܶ飬ˮŮˣȴû뵽ƶˣ֪һС
ƶҲΪڴˮļͥ˲ŷ˱仯Ȼ治֪ʲôġ
ƶ˶ڵ㣬ϲϲԼˣһɰŮԼ˵飬ǰҲҵͥû
ˮ¸¥ׯʥŮˣȴǴұʥռüѪɰɢ֮
ΪĴҽʦҺˮȻѱסҲѲˮģˮȴǼѱ׺ӻףҸûΪ¸¥һŮʲô뷨һЩŮԸ񷴶ӻϧڵһС
ȻˮͲںֻܹԼûЩʶЩĥѡ

ˮ⹫˾ˡĸˣҲڼң೤Ҳڣҭ𾳽硣
ڤȲ˲٣ˣƵˣһҵţˮ֮˵츳á
ˮǸ಻ܰ㣬ˮŮ˾͸˵ˣˮǿˮŮ˵ǷֲģȻʲôԭˮ츳Ҳ㲻ܲ
Ȼȥ֪ͨˣҲҪʱ䣬⼸½ˮоԼȥǻá
뵽ˮüﲻҪȥͨˣȥǽӻ
컹磬ҶĿ˵Ż˵˵Щ飬һʼȻˮ˵˵Щ顣
±㣬СӣһҶֳкҲڣһҶͯѾˣǸһ˴Ұ޵ѾˣԳ۷һ˲ţԸ㣬ӲһҶ費Ǻ˳ĺһùá
һҶԴСʱһôߣøġ
һҶóˮΪһҶͯ׼Ľһѻ㲻ĽȻα񼶱ҲǴ˵𣬲ýǮ򲻵ģϾǾ봫˵һ֮ң
õĲһЩĲϣֻϾѾرˣˮļӹ죬˵Ǵ˵еĶųɾŵģе߾֮
һҶͯһҶϹתĳҲһȣɻʵĸҵģ
ɵСӣùûƭ㡣
һҶŵС
ùãллø
һҶͯǺЦ
Сӣˣлңúˡ
ˮЦЦһҶͯ˵


1789 ¡͵ø
ΪˮʵϲôڼңˮûһӣɢϢǻЩСӴﾴη𾴵ĳɷҪࡣ
ʱ磬绹еʱģڴˮóٵĶ͸ǣˮϰߣҲһ⡣
ˮĸ⹫ĸʲôĶһЩˮһĶҲˮŮ˺ϲģˮŮ˼ԼζǻʹһЩĶһϰߡ
ˮЩԼģɾЩԭϱĺ̫ˣȻԼߵû㹻ˡ
ˮҲûҪˮǮʲôģڲôȱǮҲоûʲôطɻǮģοҲԼУǮҲˡ
Ѱ֮ҶǿǮģǮͿŷ⣬ȦӣǮڵ治ʲôǹͿˡ
ˮ뵽ǰһЩ壬Ȩ֮ңЩڵľ磬Ǹ߹Ȩ󣬶˵ǮûʲôôΪǻϲǮʲôУŴʲôġ
ˮָоӦúԼҵ龰ɣ
ڵҾǻϲǮҲǮҪķʵǼʵǼ⡣
ˮǰЩӣﻹǺģ¿ǰļŮкӣ⻹кܶûҲٻûá
ڶ֪Լʲôоˮһӣȴкܶĺӣ˺ܶŮ
ˮҲ֪ݺͷرÿط϶Ǵ££ݵҲܶ£˭ûдʹ컯Ūˡ
²ûҪʲôΪҪٿش֣Ҫһ㶼Ȱ
֪һӹҪαˣôҪԼһֱЩɴ൱˦ƹûȻҺʹߵһеҲܿġ
ˮҲĸоԼĺѾʮˣ꣬ǰԶǴѧҵˡ
֪ˮʮˣԼڶʮˣˮе㲻֪Լȷжˣѱˮˡ
һֹǿһﵽ𾳽֮ͲעԼˣ˸ʱ䣬Ԫ𼶱ŲǧԪ
ˮΪԪ뾡һа취Ƴ𵤣⹫ĸ׵ֱӽԪꡣ
ǿߣھѾǸ˵ˣǿʢഺҲͣˮСʱ򿴵ĸûʲô
⹫Ҳˣʱͻʱ˵ģˣԲܷϻͯˣһֱģûٱϡ
ˮоʱ䲻֪ʮ꣬Ѿĸ⹫쾳磬ϣߵʱ䡣
ôѼѾ޷ﵽ𾳽𾳽磬֪ѣѣΪĿǰûʲôҩܰߴֱ𾳽硣
ֻˣˮ仰һЩҪƣԼڻûʱ䣬ֻҪʱ䣬ϣ
Լڵʵ֪㲻֮Ӧò˰ɣٵʵˮѾʮʵ
ûʲôоĿǰûҵΪˣٵʮһʵˮ֪ʲôоͬһʵϵ¡
ÿ˶յˮ󲿷ֶǱҩ֮࣬ȻҲйʲôģˮ⼸ƵĶתʲôģ𵤶ָõϵġ
֪Ѿٽ磬һһޱȣˣˮϲڵգׯʱҲйֻƺ˶ΧԼԼѾѳΪҵĶڡ
緹֮ˮȥ˻ˮ뻹ȥںˣ۳㡢䡢˫౴ﻹѶ
Ů˷ֳλãҲˮһˡ
ŮѾڷȹˣڡٻڡѧɽ˻ħ
ֻˮ֪ħ㲻㣬̨һô֪꣬޵Ůʲôˡ
Ȼˮ̨֪ڵħ֮ѪѾ׽е㵣ԼĹϵ˵ȣҲһΡ
ڵˣǰʥһĴڣһɽȣ˹ۼˮоǰá
޴ɽʯϿԿʱһĶвɽʯͥԺ²ʧСԺǺܶ࣬ԱסʯϵĶҪߵܶࡣ
ˮδʶѾɨȻĿⶨ˶СԺϤϢ


1790 ʿҡ绪
ˮڵʶϢѾԶԶ˦˱ˣüŮ־ܿӰϵı仯λѸٽӽСԺ
ˣˮѾϤӰ֮ǰܵϤϢԺһһŮ
һӺݹŮ˹㷢߸𣬲޳޳˼һ˫ǵƤѩϸ壬ϸβԲĻߣһϮȹϴ˽ڳĽߡ
䣡
ôһֱĴ磬ԽԽŮˣˮӰһֱӳֱӽ

û˵꣬һ˫Ҫɱ͵ϮˣŵϤϢҲӳˣ˼ĺˡ
ˮ
ž
ˮķϴһ£ָĺܺãЦſ㲻ˣȻҪıɱ׷򡣡
СŮӴˣƹСŮһΡ
ĿˮֻҸĿġ
ˮҲеǸ⣬ŮҪʵߣֻҪԼܲʱǾˣô򵥵ƺѡ
Ǿͷ档
ˮЦſź䡣
ˮˮɬлһַݵĿˮҲŲ¡
֮ǰľСԺ߳һˣ㣬ˮŮһ㶣ţſĵ˹Ӧǿߣ߿Ѿܿˡ
ˮģˮûзڳһֱֻӵס㣬ֱ§ұסˡ

컹εˣȻļˡ
㿪ĵ˵
εʲô
ˮζЦ
Ȼһ죬˼ĺ룬εȻһȣ֮飬οˮڵʱ򼸺ÿʲôŮ˶࣬ûͻŮ˶ؿշˡ

أ
ˮûиܵ۳˫Ϣ
ȥһڵ飬Ӧúܿͻ
˵
ǻеʱ䣬Ҫȥȡ
ˮ˵ȻŮϵɫ
ˮ仰˼̫ˣŮ϶һ죬ˮǾȻûֹЩʱĬǴӦ˼
ˮܼŮ˲٣ȴûдͬ߹Ůһ˯ûУҪ֪ĸ֮ңȨ֮˴ͬƽ顣
ˮҪǴͳģͳǲ룬ǰҲһЩƼӰоһŮʵӴ̫ˡ
ʶУܸоŮһǶŮ˵һֲأŮһŮ񼶱ģʵҲһֱûеӿڣûеӣĵһԱ
ʵоǺǸԽԽ뷿֮ȻȫҲһְı֣ͱо仰Ҫ˵Ҫ
Ůܵһ̶ȵı־ܵĽӴܾ϶ôĸУûԵŮ˫ǲġ
ˮ۾һȣֱӱסŮһ͵СԺеķ䡣
ˮһǻ
С˵
ǲͬ⣬±š
һܿġ
ˮɲ˷λᡣ
͵۳ҲԴ󵨵ŮӣŮߵƺҲǲԡ
˵Ů˴˻Ҫ£ˮڸоԼݣŮݡ
ˮʱȻҲٶ˵ʲôֱӴҵţȻ֪˭ңͨζӦǵңΪζ͵ϵһ
ˮںֻܼǲ֪ô˴ϣŮĲһӭˮ
ˮΣˮϺ̴ڣһ˫ڵϷɽԽ롣
䣬˼ס֮ǰ˵Ļ
ˮ˵Ҳûа취ֻһȻһҲ䡣
ȻߣҲܵˮΪѣһ˾ҪΪǣοǱǵ٩Ҳûʲô
ҧҧԼ½

ˮϣһʿҡ֮䣬·һһҡһˮ硣
ˮѾŴƵĵ㣬˫ѩ׷ļͦѩ׵ɽ壬һڳˮ񾭡
ѩĻζˮϿǿҵĳ֮ʱ̧Ƕ˵̺ǡ

ҲǷʱ̫ˮûпļ֣ʱʱŮ̱Ļˮûпƣ󾫻˺С
Ůûкˮ´ãŮ໥һۣɫһȻһԡȥ
ˮĻ֮ǰ龰㲻ֻϵģоϵģǾϵġ


1791 ͬã
Ͼǰ죬ŮǺʱˮʵѾˣˮ֮Ůջ
ĸоʵܲˬģǰһ˿һŮˣҺԸУǷȥĸоȥָоһ
ˮھָоȻ֮ǰ꣬ˮûоˣû⣬Ůû⡣
Ůӣ֮ǰʲôˣˮҲûίԼֱӹȥסŮһһǡ
ҵĴϣŮһֱǺģ㲻˼߹ȥϵĶлһζ
ˮһһ£ֱʱŷּ֮ƺû˵仰Ȼֱӵˣһֱڡ
ȿȣ
ˮεĿ֣ŮҲе㲻˼Ҳʶˡ
Ƕðɣ
ˮʵѾ֪ˣֻǴһ⡣
ܺãǴҵ㡣
е˵ˮںúõģѾܿˡ
˿ɲǶˣǴСǿİɣûвңҲöǡ
ˮɵ˵ڻеš
ʵǿ󣬿ǿܵ˺ͶԷʵ
ҲСģʲô飬治֪ôȥ
΢Ц˵
ˮ֪飬ҺпܾˣҲ˵׼ȻҵʵˣŮǱҪּɫħǿߣǺ֪
ڻûһ棬ҵʵҪһλˮһˣܻȻҪ
ΪǣҲµġ
ˮ˵վǻˡ
Ůˮһ˳ȥ˺һſ۳˫ѡ

ȿˮģ㶼ûһ¿ĵĽһͷ˹ֱӹˮϡ
Һ
￪ĵĿˮ۾ģǿĵġ
Ҳǡ
ˮԴ§סѵļ

ҲܿģȻ֪ԼһУûиоŤˮףҿġ
ˮҲ֪ףϾԼĸף¸¥ԼŮˣڤԼ¸¥ĺӣԻǽһˣѴСҳ󣬵һѵˮġ
ŮƯˡ
ˮͬѵԴǰŮģȴӣˮվźҪλӡ
ͻƭҡ
Цֹһ䡣
ˮҲ֪òΪǵģ౴౴ڰٻڣҲ䲻СˣȻڴ½Ǻģֻǻǰ̫ˡ
Ȱɣϲʱһо˳ȻˣˮҲǲǲøԤǵĻ£оԵϲ˭֧֣ȻԷʮ˾ˣ˵оԼŮôû۹⡣
һˮЦź͵۳˫˫գգ۾ŵͺŬŬ죺ͻȻƺƯˡ
ˮӣҲƯġ
ˮ֪ǿˣϾ̫ˣˮоԣǶˣֻǰߡ
˫Цһۣʰһ£ؼҰɣ

صңˮûֱͣʹþٴ뿪ȥڣݺӡ౴
ˮǺܿģûͣʹǻصҡ
ɽ
̨̺ѾɽԴһ羰ãΣҹ԰ܶ࣬ũСӡϪˮɽһӦȫ
ŮʱˮŮеɽȲ裬ˮһ㶡
ˮΪԷУ⣬Ůɽ۵ͤУԺȲ裬Ǿɫˮлĳ嶯
ˮ
ӰһֱӸźԶˮ
ˮЦһѽӹˮŮˣյľڸоһ־޴ο
̨΢Цſˮͷ
ҲҪѹˮߵ̨ʱˮЦ˵
Ȼ̨֮ȻûȷҲֻ࣬ʱ⣬ˮԵࡣ
һЩһңˮȥѧѳɷǽ̨պʱûȤ
ˮȥ̨ղϲ˶࣬رǺˮ֮䲢ûȷʲôϵ֮йܵĽӴѾǳ£Ǹ⡣
ҲˮŮˣˮȥħһ˺ˡ
ֵһΣˣϻˣˮѸҲӻˣѾĴˡ
ͬã˿ȻǺܶ࣬ѾǴˣ


1792 
ڼҵӻǹޱȵģĺ̤ʵһȻһҹû˯
ˮȻû⣬һֱˮǰŮ˷һ顣֮ǰȻ͵㺣һˣǾͿĴͬߣҪʱˣϾܵһֱӽ⣬뿪ʱϾ͵˲٣һʱ䲻̣Ů˻治٣ȥĺ͵ķ䡣
ûʱͲȥˣʱҲǻһЩ˼һֱ𴲵ʱˮŵķ䡣
ˮڴϺ䣬ӦϢĻˮ˵úϢ˵ڶȥ䡣
˵֪ϰ죬Ҳ׵˯ţﻹ
˯ˣ
ˮЦڴ齱ϡ
һŮǿ𴲵ʱǸʱܿǴһ¾ŮˣʱѾŮ𴲴ǳŮ
ȴǾԵĶŮ׵ļ֬ů񣬲ʩȴǣбˮ۲ۣ
ˮ仰ֱӷϴܿ۵𣬾շ磬ֻҪйͿһֱ־ȥ
ŮʻرУŮʵǿҲǿ󣬵ˮǻܿɾ
ʵˮô죬ǺѾ˵ģһ㶼Ů֮ѾˣһΣŮ˻еԲȻǿҲһйԪ̫ࡣ
עҪŮ˵ģŮʵҲ֪иܣһӵˮҲԲϲ޷㣬ر޷㣬Ҳֲ
ͣʱĴѾ緹ʱˣʵҶֻ֪ûȥˮͺ䡣
˳ãȻŮ໥ŶϷ۷۵ģϾϷʲôˡ
ѾԹˣˮһ˳ԣ˺Сĺ֮⣬ĵǺ¡һԡ
ˮر泩ŮһûݣǶһܵ顭
Ԭղû̨һԬǿҽʦȻ̨ܿ诲̨֮ͬҲܸܵԬյʡ
Ůʱ֣һ˵ϼ֣ڵһԵ֣˴һ
ˮʼָһǵóƵľת𵤻𵤣Ļ
ˮΪԼŮٶ𾪣ĵ̫ǿˣΪѾ龳ǿˣһǾʮٵˡ
ҲϾ۷Ĵˡ
ˮҲѾǽʮˣûˮǲߵͷ治˵
ӵĵһѻʮСѾͷʱѧ˵ȴѾôˡ
ʱ仹Ǻܿ졣
ˮʹþת𵤣屶ҩˮֻҵ屶ҩߵһֱûҵѾܿˡ
ҲһЩҩ屶ҩҲõġ
Щˮµĵҩܶ࣬ΪܵģΪ˲ٵ𵤡
̱Ԫ
ˮһæûͣŮʵһеĸǴﵽʮֹ
ҪˮḺ́Ԫˮֻ̱Ԫʵһֱ࣬ٴﵽ۷塣
תԼˮİٴо޴ת۵㡣
̤׽١
ǿо޴׽٣ˮƺ򣬶ƺжҲû⣬ĶͼŮ
е׽ԽԽС˳ֵ̤ǿһҲ⣬ֻʵˮҲе㾪ȡ
ٵ
ʵʵܲˣһٵߣٵԲˣϾʼͻƣҪ֪ʱʮҲǺܴġ
вʮֻнʮֻ˺ܾʱ䣬ķҲϺѰﵽˣҲὫ
ˮָ𵤡ϹʥȻȫЩЧԼָԼޣЩ࣬ȸ츳ʺʵǿãԺˣʹá
˵ľҲǸ˺ܶ࣬ѾǿߵʱһţϾ̫ˡ
һҶʵܽܵģ츳֪ģǸо̫ˣһ뵽ʼôãҲ
ûκ˰Ҳ̤֮ʨ룬ǿ֮۵ĴڣȻЩ̫ľˣˮȷǲĴڡ


1793 ҹ˹ǿİ׻
Щˮڲȥ࿼ǣҪǰҵʵûԼҲҪȥҲҪٴ½վΪڵұԼȥˣû·ԡ
ҪչҵˣҪʵҵղأҪһ׼Ҵѧϵȥ
ѪˮѾԼĺеѾѪĴڣڤ˽иԵĴУᴫȥ
ӦǺȻҲһĴУ֮ޱȣȻʵչر죬ȴȴҺȻһаĿǣһЩаŸǿĴȣȻʵԼһЩ˺ֿӱ
ڤĴӦڤ֮ˮڶоһԣڤĺӲֻΪʲôִк֣᲻һɱ֮治ãˮҲһĹλ
˺㻹ٵĴȴˮܿģΪǾУȻڿСȴǲ۲۵ľ֮塣
ļŮҲӲֻûзʲôУŵʾȻеڷ֮壬Ӧǵĸס
Ϊ֮ǰˮŸǶһѪҲˮ⼸õҩҩԾѼǿѪҲΪʲôôСͷѪ
ǰˮû̫⣬ֻͻȻо½ȥûôףһ忿һֻ֧һʱʷһǿҲת˲ǣܿͻʧ
ˮҪΪҺԺ鿼ǣΪ⣬ʵˮӦ࣬Ҳģ˾һӡ
ҶԲĸףΣʲôɣˮֲģ֮⣬ĺӶࡣ
ʵƽʲô嶼Ѫ޷ıʵ
ˮԹ޸ףûдңʲôԭ򶼲ˮҷµĴЩѾ˴ۣѾˡ
ʱ꣬ҲܺãҵʱΪˣٴο־ϲ޷ݵģˮͬ
Ǹģʮ֮ǰǸ֮ʧõϲġ
ЩһֱڲŮȻˮ̫㣬֪β֮ܺã£ָһֻ̣ǸˣҪԴҲļҡ
ʵҲϧһҲûϣΪǿˣļޣܵʲôο컯ˡ
ܵҲ࣬ˮﻹмʺܺõŮˣʦװԬաࡢƶˡûʲôĻԵûпˡ
ˮǻ뷨ģԺıܶ࣬о嫵ľݴ½һ񼶵ĵҩһиı츳Ҳһɵҩ
פ֮ĵҩԪĵҩˮûе㲻ѧԾŬһЩʱ仹ǿԵġ
һҶˮЩ궼ˣǿҹ˹裬ڶˮо𺳡
ѻˣǰ׻壬ˮٴοǹ⻬İ֮أһ뵽֮ˬĸоһ궯
ˮһʱˮ֪ŮѾǧʵߣȻǿߵһҶȴǸǿ衢Լ庮ҷ
ҹ˹Ҳߣˮҹ˹ڵһҶ輸Ů˿
ҲĻûž޴ĺôģ˫֮ʱҲǲͬģһֱһϸˮ߰ʱôһӾһС
Ϲ̱Ԫҩ屶ҩİʵʱҲǱһʱڣʵһµٶһҵһйڡ
ҹ˹ЧʯܲģʵѾǧ˲һֲ֮࣬ܿˣοˮٴȻһҶ軹в࣬С
Ҫҹ˹ʵս£۰˸׻ÿһ׻ʱʱʵıǶôֲս
ϧҹ˹ûʲôʲôͨɱΨһһٶȿ죬ܵɵ˺츳һײĲǾŹ̫ȭԼ
ˮʱѾһ¼ףһѽһ˫Ьӡս׶α񼶱ģǼ
һҹ˹ʵٴӺܶ࣬Ȼҹ˹ûʲôͨɱ֮࣬һٻ׻ѾһһĴڡ
ˮ취ҹ˹ĿٶȣֻҪôǿֲĴڡ
İ׻Ѿﵽ۷壬ǺˣҲ⣬Լоȥˡ


1794 Ԭյļ
ҹ˹Լı仯ǺܾȵģˮţϾһôʵ֮ǰѾߣһΧָּįĸо
ˮһҶĻ֪ԼʵǲǿˮʵΪĴţ֮ǰäĿĸоø
ʵȵģȵ仯ĸоԼı仯һ۷һ״̬һƣһĸо·ǶԷԼǿҲܺ׵ɱ
ĵֱӱסˮĲӣΧЦſŲ˼ɿˮ
ҹ˹ԸԴ󵨣ҰҺޣЩо欣һܸܳߵŮˣһǿҵλϢ
ЩʱڸǲסģңͣϢǺǿңʲôҲܣֻңҺʵ
ദĺܺãﵱԼļػˮȫˮļңҲԼļңﶼܳκ⡣
̨诿ˮЦ߹ȥ𣿡
ˮĻһ죬һۣôˣ˵
Ǿ飬һʥ飬෱ܵĲȱٵ飬ÿ첻ʲôʱ䶼֪ж飬롭ˮһĿ̨诡
쵰Ҳ̨治֪ô죬ĽеȻˣΪˮ˵ʱΧ̨ȴֱӺ˳
ﶼˮŮˡ
ţ诶ã˵ʲôˣôӦ
ҹ˹ζЦ˹
̨ˣһת˵ͻҡ
̨诵Ը˵ĻĺΪˣҲΪԭҹ˹ˣҪҹ˹ĺܴ󵨡
ҹ˹迴ˮ߷ߵ˵С쵰˵
ˮͷʱ̨ѾûӰˣε˵ɵѾͷ㱻ƭˣԴԽԽˣ˼һ˵뵽ˡ
ҹ˹ʵҲˣˮ˵̨ôȻҲ˵Լǲ飬ֹ˭˵ˡҪҪ̻
ˮȻӦɫͦһȻѸ뿪ˡ

ˮ߳ȥǸׯ԰ʱϴһׯ԰Ԭգˮ˳ߣѾˡ
ԬҲûбʾʲô΢ЦˮҲˮߡ
ˮҲ֪ŮڼʲôҲܸоŮԼ֪Լڼʲô
ô
ˮ߱˵ʱֻǺԬմкӵһ£ȻæĹ˲æʲôȻ˵ˡ
һֱڲĺദ
ܺðһΪ㲻ء
ԬǳЦſˮĵ˫˵ĶɣϸļɢĹǽ촽ҧһڡ
ûңˮЦſ
룬֪ʲô
ԬտЦŵЦˡ
ˮͷҲֱ̫ˣҪҵŮ˰ɣ֪ҿʲôˡ
Ԭһ죺å
ǿ佱𡣡
ˮЦ˵
Ƥϻû㰡
˵ԬˣҲ֪ô˵ˡ
ˮһЦе˵Ҳ̫СˣĽǹ
ȥ˵ЩǲǺܿġ
ԬһգգĿˮЦЦ˵
ˮȻеִ٣ٺٵĸЦϲ˵ЩܿģҺ˵رĿġ
Ԭһȣе㿪ĵģȻ֪ˮ˼ˮϲ㣬ôˣͲҪˣⱲһŮˣȵҺòãҲ֪Ϊʲô˵ŮһĻŵ
ˮʵѾоⲻǽŵ⣬ӦúǰĿ־֢һƿ־Ҳǿ־ԣҽʦֲȴûΣĲҪҽ
ˮоӦòǺأȻĻţųԼһЩ򵥵ܣԲʲôģӦֻǶԲһĿֲ
Ϊʲôֲˮ֪Щ鲻ֻܱ̫ܵԼ뿪ˣ˵ǸʱʾģıʱкܴĳɹʣȻֻʵ䷴һЩ䡣
ҵŮˣԶ㲻Ը飬Ҫκѹˣﶼǡ
ˮ˵
仰ǷĵģֻоŮе࣬ҲһЩɿһЩ


վ 磬ݷơ


1795 һ滮
ԬЦŵͷȻ󲻺˼˵һˮĻ
ôŮˣҲæˣ޸ʱһġ
ˮĶͷеЦʵ֮ŻᷢܺڣΪʲôˣŮ˽ϺŻᷢԼġ
Ԭ죬е㶯ҡͻȻһѱסˮȥֻǺɬˮ֮䲻ûǹֻһֱôôȥɬˡ
Լׯ԰ڣҲ㰲ǰȫģˮһһٳˮ֪ΪԼŮ˻Ͳٹ¶ֻҪΪԼŮˣŻڽ塣
ʱԬȴƿˮҲûʲôо
ˮǶݺļæ˵Ҷģʵоá
˵Ԭֱˣˮ죬ܴһĨ㣬һͥԺȥ֮ǰ˵õģĺʱ
ڿʱ仹һ㣬ˮ֮ĺӶѾˣһȻ̫СľͳˣҲ
ף

ˮһһȻЦˮЩԼĺӣ֪ԼѾһˡ
׶ôصһƺرǿˣǶôˣоԼͷϵѹǺܴģһֶ෽ѹֻԼһˣһ˳ԱȫҲĸоǺɵġ
ǣҺ͵ľͻоеӣʵÿ˶Ҫⵣӣڵĺͱжȹ
¼ҹ˲ɣʵһֹ¿꣬ͥ㵣ģȴǸ̫̫ĶκζģǲýǮģ޼۵ġ
ˮЦǵļҲû˵ʲôһ·ĺеĺһһʱ䣬µļܶ࣬Ҳûʲôġ
ˮߵʱСҲʮĺˣˮͺİ١ŵԼˡ
ˮٺŵߣҹ˹ĺӣٺŵ˫͵ĺӣŵ֮Ҳʮ졣
ˮȻӴûʲôӴԸܵٵԸ񲢲Ƕô峺ִţˮܸоӲǶôϲԼ
Ҳ˵ϲϲǼԼƺûжôΣһʼƺҲܿģûжþƽˣԼʱҲûжô˷ܡ
ŵǺܿʣʱĵˮ֣СһŮޣ϶˭
ˮоСĸоˮЦĴкȻͺ쳶ص˵һͨ峺
ˮСϿҹ˹ӰӣǺԣԡҹ˹衣
ܴûУ
˺˵
Сӣ죬û˭˵Լ޵еġ
ˮͷϵһ¡
ǵҪ󲻺ãŵҲʮҵĺӣټСһˮҲͰṉ̀ԪһΣûôһλǺܹؼġ
ԼڤˮȻҪΪһҪ۾磬һܹؼĹؿڡ
ôȻһʼˮʹһЩҩȻڤһҡ
뼤ǵǱܣ
Ȼʼþת𵤺ǿҵĴ̼
ˮ뻤סǵ

ˮһصĹඥ֮Ӧ˵ڹඥӲʵȴȹ̸İ취Ҳֻˮİ취
ڤԪ·ͻȻһֻ˰µҰ޿һֻСҵıھзĴ֮ܶſһ㡣
ˮͨڵı仯벻ϵȹ޸ǵľͣҵʹҧء
ڤǵĸףҧǿš
һ˿˿ĴѪҺĻɫʴðгζɫʵʱˮҲ΢΢ɿ֪ˡ
žž
ͬʱ˾ǿԪ·һסĴӣǺȴҵ˷֧ѸٵĽǼﱬĴˮλָ͡
һƽʱˮѾ뿪ˣ֪ѾͻˣЧƺһܹؼһԺһƽ̹Ĵǰ档
ڤϲһɢĳζϵԡȥѾֹˣˮΪ׾ϴʱֹʵųôĺôǾ޴ġ
ˮˣȻ١ŵ˼׾ϴ裬֪ʱѾˡ
ɫ΢΢ڵʱˮͽɾˣΪϲ˯ڲȥɾôһʹˣˮһǲģʱʱ䲻ȫУҲҪ֤һʱ


1796 ˮؽ
һɾˮƺоеһﲻһҲǲôƺڴܶټһɾеķҷ˳һƬ֮ɫҩֲɢǿҵ
зʷ䣬ʵҲУֻעİɾҲһĴڣǳ˫ԣ˫˫ɡ
ˮһֱûǼսɾҲǿʱңҲԳȥ裬ʵǿҲҪ˭ˣǵԱû⡣
ÿһ˻˺ǣˮҲǺܵģʱΣˮҲͨϵȥǡ
ڤﻹˮպԼ뿪ǿĴҲܰǡ
ˮɾ߶ԼһУҲԼĸɾһ⣬ǿʱʥҲϲϡ
ҩݵĸΪɾʲôҩݶ棬һЩʵɣһЩһԵҩݶɾгΪεҩݡ
֮Ȫҩޡ֮Ű
֪ʱѾȥ˺ܾãˮʼ̫ȭÿɾѡҪ飬һĲ䷳Ĵš
̫ѾܾûˣľѾеĶ壬˵ʲôԼ֪
Ӱ޹ɣȴǽˮޱȵƮݣƮֲʧͣƺޱȡ
Ტã
һǰʱȥˣˮ׼ֵʱͻȻָоԽǿͻȻƹ
٣
ˮͷſԽԽƲ㣬ǿԿƲžž׵֮ǿֲľˮеͷƤ顣
˷ܣҪ֪ʵľǾһ٣׵ϴԡһ塣
Ӧٰɣǽص٣
ˮоӦò࣬ӦˣĪѵ֮ԼҲᾭеĽ
Ƭ벻͸ˮֱվڿУȴǿе׵罵١
ȣ
һָϸ׵ֱˮϣ˲ûˮС
ˮһˮһûκβʣое׵ֱӱԼƤա
Ƥ⣡
ҲĤǹΪĤ㹻ǿǽѪҺ
һһ£ȻҲڽı֣ѾﵽϸʱļҲԽԽ̣ˮתʵץʵ
ʵ㹻ǿԼǿģŹȥؿԼĸܶ࣬ʵҲǿܶ࣬ϾһصӦһˮ룬һ۷سӦҲźܴĲࡣ
ȣ
ϸ׵磬ʱֱӱˮ֪ˣӦһǿ׵
֮ǰֻһֽȴǿ̫˾ˣԼھͬҲӦò˶١
һӲÿνµ׵Ѿһˡ
ˮͷɢеǱ֪Լڲûʲôף׵绹û˵
һ֮е׵ϡȻٴλصһֻ׵硣
ˮ΢΢ɿֻҲһе׵СȴϸȻֻһˮ֪ǵڶ
ˮȻϵˣû뵽ڶô죬ôҲһ
ˮ֪ʲôˡ
е׵Ѿֻÿֲݣ׵ؼ·һҵһйڣ緢˴
ˮﰵɱģ˵Ľô򵥣ôֵԼôֲԼǿڶоеˣ⻹û꣬˭֪ʲô
Ǿðž޴ΣգڿˣȻǺǿĽҲðΣգԼǿһЩǽӦҲǿһЩǹƽġ
ô˵ˮҲеģˮ΢İľԼͻָһ㾭˶ǵʧܵġ
ҿ
ˮҲ̲סֿˣ֮ǰĴȴϸ׵ܼĸչȥˮѾˣоԼѾ࣬û뵽ֱһˮͰһϸ׵
һ°ˮһ飬һˮоԼҲҪ鷳ˣⲻһоԼѳԵ
ĵ
ԽԽ࣬ÿһˮĸоϵʹܳܣϾڻ̫ܼϵеѾΪҽ
þĵĲϺǿԵҲıˣˮҪ


1797 ʮ
ܿˮ֪׽ٵĿˣԽԽ׵˿󲻸ţ׵ôôܼôĴִ
ˮûǱϵĴ󲿷ʧҲһЩòһϸϺһƬһЩɫۡ
׽ϴ跥Чĺ⣬ˮڵʣеʺˣʿԴɫ¿еĶ١
ʺɫŨ˵ʶ࣬ɫԽǳ˵еԽ٣ʵĹϵǺܴ
ˮǵüŮеʣǵһųʱҲǵɫģ󲿷˵һǺɫġ
䣡
оȻ˾޴ĺžǾ޴׵£ˮʱ򲻸˿⣬Լʵת۷塣
ž
ˮһҵĲȻһǿҵڣžѸٵǰǿϢƺŰһ㡣
ҵ۷·Ҫ˺һ㣬ˮǺܺãǰ۵Ҳܣ֮ǰϵ˲䣬궼ڲƺҪȥ
ǸʱеľȴǷͳĺһвĿֻѹ
ˮоֻһоڵǲ治ʲôˮо㲻ʶҲʶܲɷ֡
أ
ˮһ·Ӿһһ˲ˮԼھ·һ׳ɽˮͼһ
һƬأ潭ӺȻ򣬿ǳɼɭֺӴӦоС
һоȻһжеϧСϪɺӣСӻɴӡ󺣣гΪƶ䣬磬أɺ
ˮƺϵĲľ֮һЩʳݶУͻȻֻ͵޳ȥԵֻֻ˸ǿСһȺɱһǿޡ

Ҳһ֣ڹ˳Ӧ˳ƣˮʹһ
ˮܵһɰ֮ʱƺһӱһǿҵԪӵѸھߣֱ֮ӽǱѵ׵֮յ
ѵԪУˮоǹз·һֻɫζһʵĸо

һоֹʱˮУγһĿԼһ˿ңɫ۹һԼоŵζ
˲ʲôϽϴһɾˬ·
·ʱˮѾһԼʵڿĶ϶ԼʵǴﵽء
֮ǰʵﵽʮ֮࣬أԿ϶ԼѾˣҲǺ
ʵﵽ˿ֲһ
ˮȻ֪һҪʵӲ٣Ǹо𾪣ֱʵ֮ǰʮʵʮ
ʵԭʮڵİ˰ء
ˮ֪ͼʵӦǶʮʮһص۷壬ˮ֮ǰʮûͻԼҲǺ
ʵ½ܶ࣬츳ʵԭԭʵϻвġ
ʮˮָоȵƿĸоһɵĸоŵĸо
ˮԼ֪һޱȵϢ·һ޴ɽһһֻԶޡ
ʱˮҲеľϲʵһУͻȻʵرǵΣʵÿǶٵһѾܶˡ
ˮҲ֪Ϊͻأ⻹оǶԼмӦҲС
ʵˣҪоʵޱȵȹ̣ˮԺԼڿֲķ
׺ҵˮԿסʵʮĻ򡭡
ʲôڲСǿ
ˮܸܵԼƣоԼƺһֱһ·ʲô޷˺Լ
ˮϸϸĸţǿƤĩǿ󣬾ҲǺǿܶߣеʧΪǿƤ͹ͷˮЩԺ׵ô羢ԼѨȷʽԷŵʱԺ̡ܶ
һҲһξ޴ľϲˣˮʱ仹Уرãʵȫ

ˮʱѾǻƳʱ֣ˮûаɾʱ꣬ҲһʱҲǰŵʱ䡣
˵磬ҹжûпʼˮ֪ŮĺӶڣڵˮԷ


1798 ֮ˣ
ˮԼŮ˺ͺӣﻹرĿĵģ㹻󣬵ǿĲ١
⻹ĺûг׵ģԼĸԼʱԼڤˣˮоں֮ǰȱȾǰũͳȡ
ǰũɻ鶼Ƚ磬г׵һЩǰˮҾũģʮ׺ܶ࣬ʮ굽ʮĲ٣ʮꡣ
ʮûг׺ũʮףûɼͥһԭ򡭡
½ҲˣʵԽǿԪԽ࣬פʱԽԾͲô磬ҲôҪӡ
ͨ˲УȻǰͨҪǿ󣬵ʮ꿪ʼҲҪʼ·ͨһ㶼ʮ³ɼңҲжʮʮʮҲܶ࣬Ͼʮǳ˵䣬г֮ͱʾԳ׳ɼˡ
ˮѾǸͥˣʱһ˳Ըϯ֮һ¾ͲٺˮһҲһˡ
һ㶼Ǹ׻͹²ǵһ˫ŮҲ᲻ʱĺһ
ˮȻᾭǰȥʵ徻ģˮĺӾģҲϲŮСһһ㶼㶮£ò̫ġ
ˮҲõĸף߿СӻǺɵġ
һʱ䣬ˮʵ˷츲صı仯Ů˺ҲǣԼ౴ˡ
཭ӡຣ˾˻оĸҲͻֹͣڵʵϣûʲôİ취Ǻˡ
Ȼˮڵ΢İһ£ҪʱҲޣһλм࣬ҲһЩʵ
𵤺ǿ󣬵ı׶˾ǹֵ͸֧һ˵Ǳܣһʹ𵤻ϾͻһֱͣͲǰ
ˮ֮Ȫ֮ǲܳ׽ȴǿԸı䣬ܸıٻ治˵
һᣬˮǺܼҲܿĵġ
ʵ֤ˮǺǿģһֱʵû»཭˶Σﵽ
ôеչģǰһ쾳磬쾳һ㻹ǿԵģˮµĵҩЩҩ˵ʵĺݳޣˮоݳ޶ֵõģⶼ׵˾ɵҩҲԥĸʹá
һһԷ˵һЩĵ飬ʱĶСһڡ
ˮϲֻһֱ֪ϲϲľڶ˶ʣŮ֮һ
Թ緹ͻȻ֮ͣ˵Ҫˮ
ˮջԼ֪ܿ˭ǰˡ
ӦǷ֮֯ģˮҲ֪ЩҪʲôʵʲôûйϵҪ֪Ҫҳȥ
ˮǰԺʱ򿴵ˣģߣʱڴţе˵ʲôȻЦеģβסư
ңˮһ߽ȥֱʵ
һһ߿˵ģݻӣɫģ˱ĶǺܺãȻһǰߣȴûһƣȷʵһ֪ԷǸߡ
Щ׷ͯյˣҲˣǸı䲻ˣŤתһֹ򣬷ϻֻͯһõԸ
߶ϸüϸ֮ˣ΢Цü絶΢΢˫ҲǺˮԷĵһ۸оǲá
쵶ɽׯ˵ǸˣǸҲûվʵ°ԲģԶиֻ֣Ǳ˫۾ƻˣ°ͳһһϲС
ʲô£ˮƽʵ
֪˭𣿡ƺˮ̬ȼŭˣֱһϴĺȵ
ˮЦˣЦݷ·ڿһСһۡ
˺ˮ֮Ĳʵ̫ˣǸоˮʵʵˮᣬ´쵶ҲӦò쵶ǿ̫࣬ӦҲ۷壬о˲Ĵ쵶ġ
ˮЦݳöԷŭˣΪˮЦԣǳЦκ˱ﶼܡ
һֱǸ߸ϰˣǸеǲޱ𾴣һǵ䱲ڣһʵڡ
ʵҪģ֯ȨصҲĶǡ
˭Ҫң˵ɣʲô£Ҳʵ顣ˮߵǵĲԶû
Ȼŭˮվƺ΢ƽһ㣬֪ˮǲмںһĻʲôӦ


1799 ҲǷ֮
߿ˮȻ˵֮֯ġ
ˮü϶ȻûлشԼ֮ǰ⣬Ҳ˵˶ԷݣôǷ֮ˡ
֮û˵ˮҡҡͷ˵
ˮĻһӿ۾гһһĿ絶һĿˮǷ֮񿴵㣬Ҫôߡ
ˮû˵ˣȻֱһ֣һǿľֱǸ߷ȥ
ԣ
һֱӽ֮ǰǸ˺ųȥǱ֮ʣµһǾˣ˫һֱŵ۾ƺһˣúô
Ծľʹվˮ·翴һǿһħһɫˣ԰׵֡
ˮϹŵ΢Цо泩ԼҰڼӣѾˡ
֪Ƿ֮뷽ʽ뷽ʽˮЦſʣµǸ˵κα仯·֮ǰһǸߴȥ˲һ
ϳ˻ƶĺΣʱǱһʧ벻ҲҪȴǡ
Բʹ飬˲С˹һĻɡ˹˵
ˮ⣬ܵвʱ˵ʲôܰˣոˡ
ðˮ߹ȥؿڴ˼¡
߰ɣҲϲܵţ㱻ҵ˾ָһңԷٵˮڰ˵
ȻȻõĻȥһЩ֪ԣˮٸ߱ˣԣˣôҪ޴Ĵۡ
֪̾ԷѾˣ־͹Լ֮ǰ̫ˣԷûԼǿôƺ쾭壬ԼڶԷвһ֮ǰԼ˻ô֪η붼£оǶ
ˣˮûжʲôǲʣû飬ûаνķ֮С
ˮо֮ܿ񻹻ǰʱһЩ֮Ӧûʡ
ߺҵˣˮ򵥵İ˵һ£ǲõģʱҹ˹ȴ˵֪֮񡣡
ˮҲǺĿҹ˹裬ڷҹ˹ӦǶ˰ɣԽӴ֮ҲΪ
ҹ˹Ż˵֮Ҳȫ˵׼ƺǱʲôԼĴУһڵĴС
˵ǻõݵľˡˮʵ
ҹ˹ͷѾϰˮҲˮȻŽ˵ʵ֮ͦģӦǷһ֮һ
֮һ˼˵кͷ֮߸ǿĴˣˮʵƺܵһЩڡ
ݴ½ܶ࣬˵Ҳ⣬Ϸ֮ѾǿˣӦûǴŷݡ
ݣˮŹֵĿҹ˹衣
һԣ˵ݷƽ𣬾֮лս塢ҲⳡսÿʵĽҹ˹˵ƺҲе㵣ģĿˮ
ˮ֮ǰҲԣҹ˹˵ôԻġ
ˮ뵽ܶ࣬һЩսļ䣬Ȼܲ²һ£֪֮ǰǴﲻ־硣
ںһֱûͣЪ֮սǶײټϾ֮䣬ֻܺͷݡݡ֮࿹
Ȼ˵ҲӵߣƺԪƸ޷ȡ
ҲǴԣµķ֮ôҹ˹˵
ҶԷ֮ûʲôøСˮҡҡͷ˵
㿴žɣҽӴķ֮ģӦ⣬Լ⣬ӴһЩߵĻ֮ͨһѡ񡣡ҹ˹ƺԷ֮ĸоܲ
Ŷ飬ôо֮ˮĺ棬ʵֻҲܵˡ
ΪԼҲǷ֮ˡҹ˹迴ˮ˵һޱȵˡ
ˮһЦҵǺܺ棬˵Ϊ
ʵҼ֮Ѿܾˣ֮ǰѾǷ֮ĳԱˣʵɵģҶûΪ֮һ£֯ȴǰҲ٣ڷ֮һϡ


1800 ǿߣ֮Ůˣ
ˮҹ˹еСĵӣƺԼ˵еĿˮǺ£ֻˮʲô
ϣӦݲֻôʱ䶼û˸ʲô񡣡ˮĺ棬Ϊҹ˹Ҳ֯ԭ
治֪ʵйҸʲôƾ賤Ƶõÿֻѵõ֯Ļᡣ
Σѣˮе㲻ˡ
ѵģҲ޳ǳϵĸõҪƾڷֵ֮ˡҹ˹С˵
ֵӦǶԷ֮ĹˡˮЦŲ²
ǵģһֵûУѵİֻʣһˣ˵ǲĲҹ˹е㲻˼˵
ôҲðʣһ˵ˮ˵
ҹ˹һЦˣ֪ˮô˵ûԼҲͲôˡ
ˮͨҹ˹˽һ·֮֯ģڿǲˡ
ˮû̫⣬֪֪֮ܿĵһʲôĴڡ
ʵˮͨҹ˹һεҲܽӴ֮񣬲ڸоûбҪ
̬ҪԼǿʵΪʵڵĲ磬̨
ˣǸ֮Ǻǿġҹ˹˵һĹɵŮˣûµʱϲ٩ˮҲֻܳƺˮΪˣҺȻһ˿Ƥ⡣
жǿ֪𡣡ˮЦʵ
֪вǿߣصĸ֣е㵣ġҹ˹ĵĲǶġ
ֻڲ֪ˮʵʵ֪ĻͲôˣˮǿһԴﵽʲôģԷʵʩչɱжǿ
ڣʲôҲõģֲ֮֮ǳԸ
˵ôԼôô˵ҹ˹ҲǸϣҲõԷİˮһֱڶû֡
ˮǿҹ˹ҲƽһЩվҹ˹λһоˮǲҹ˹֪Լ˲ڳԵģûаյ顣
Ķˣܿôѵˡ
һˮһҪݵˣԷ޷ǾǿԼʵˣûԼݵӪ
ˮȻûʲôӪеʱˣΪܿԺǵˡ
Ӳ뻹ҪԷʵӶԷܵõһЩΪ֪ܡ
һȥˣˮҵʵͬʱԼǿʵ⼸ˮоԼʵٴȹ˺ܶ࣬ʵ;ںϡ
ڵӵҲˣûָһǣͺǻһ𣬸оӱɶã֪ɹʲôӣоԼɺá
ʱһˣһŮˣһˮޱȵŮˣˣǶԷϢݡ
ˮ֪ôŮˣһ޳ǺǿյŮ·һϢţ߹ѾˮڸоΨݡ
˫ǿһвʧ䣬˲ֱӣڵˮɸо𾪺еԲλࡣ
ϾȻŮˣһ㵭һֻˮʵܿӣ˵ʵС
һѩ׵ķ£һֻѩˣȴɢһĵ̣ǿҵѹ
ˮѾԶ϶Ƿ֮еףˮû뵽ݻ˷绪
绪ֻݣһС
ŮǿϢ׺һҶŮǾƯ٣Ů϶һ˵ϢˮͲ׺һҶճһû־ִ١
ǵʱħ̨ҲûиˮôǿҵС
ҲǸģŮ˿ԼУΪо䣬ԦˣǰִٵĲ١
Է֮ȴöµ룬Ϣ¡
ˮоԷʵˮʵܲԷʵǾֻһܣԷˮҪǿܶࡣ
ոͻˮȻǲСĴȻ֪кܶԼǿˣôһһŮˣǷ֮ģе㲻
ŮǰֱӣֱӳˮĲԶûߴţɾҲʲôŭ뷨ƺôǶԵġ


1801 ֮̽
ˮôһֱþãһֱû˵ȵŮҲû˵ͬһ˫ǳ۾
ˮ֪Ůʲô뷨Ů˵ɫƽˮûпŮκεĲһҲ˫۾գһ¡
ƺһ˭ȿ˭һ֮ˮ̾˵˭
ˮ²³Է˭Ͼǲ£ԻǾʳܵõ׼ȷĴ𰸣˵Ҳ˳
˾ȣһǲһˡˮ˵һɣ΢˻ƵȻĴԣջԣһģܳͻ
ˮ΢΢۾ϲǰһ׺ĸǿ̫ˡ
˭ˮٴʵƽ
ŮˮĻ۾΢΢һˮ˵˶ˣҲнҷˣҵ񡣡
ˮŮ˵ĻǺܾȵģΪΪԷشԼģû뵽ԷǺܿ
ˮԷʱ˼һս񴫳еļõһϢǾߺ٣ÿһصĳ˵ĺᡣ
Կ϶û񣬲һЩǱ˵ˣЩ˾ĺᣬˮŮû˵
֮롣Ů˵ܹϣܸɴࡣ
ˮһԵһ£֮ǰҹ˹˵̬֮ȲԼǳԿڷƺûôס
Է̬ȵǲ֮ǰ֮ǰûʵ֪ǰλʵǿҲû˷еĵط
ΪԷŮˮǰŮ˻û뷨һҲûУŮ˲ŮģŮĤݵġ
ɲԲ룿ˮʵ
Ů˳ĬˣŮƺԴǣ֪ôش⣬ˮ֮󣺡õİ
ˮһû˵ʲô룬ŮƺҲżĬĬĵš
Ҷڷ֮һҲ˽⣬Ҹоõʵǿܰʲôˮⶪ˶Է
ŮһεǺܿ˵֪֮ǰڷ֮⣬ʵ֮ڲûжˣ󲿷ֻΧ֮ˣʵûǿһǿҲܶĵ֣˵ӽҲкܴĺôģҿԱ֤ȫɵģֻʱϣһһЩ⣬Ҳ㣬Ըģ㿴Ρ
ˮоÿЩˮԶ֪ôԣԷȫƣӽκ鶼ԲμӣǷ֮ʲô鶼ƾԸβ롣
ˮʵҲ֪ŮǴƣ˵ϣ֪ˮӽԺ֮ЩԻֵġ
˼ʲôˣһǺг⣬ˮһµͷҿԴӦ㣬ҲܵԼоǲϣ˴ŵҵļҡ
ˮĿŮˡ
ҴӦ㣬ӭ֮㡣Ůóһɫŷ˵Ӷˮ
ˮֽסһӴ˲䣬ˣΪ̽ġ
̽𰡣ǳϣǱϵĶĶˮ˼Ŀеƣд֡
䣡
Ƿ֮֯еλܸߣȨȴǲԼĴڣǰôһСӾǼֵǡ
ˮ˵׼Ӹƽսϡ
ӵĲʺܺãҲûпܡˮЦ˵
Ů˿ˮ˵٣ʹ̽ʦ̫ˣҵʦܶӲˡ
ʵҲǸĶʦֻ̫̽ܶ̽󣬲Ѱҡˮֻ̽ǲ֪Ů˻ж̽
ŮҲֱӣ̽һ齫˸̽𣬽Ӳӵҫ۶ĿȻŮ˵㣬鷳ΪҶһѳ
ˮôһ̽𣬶콣Ļ㹻ɣŮóôõĶһѵҲ޿ɺǡ
û⣬Ҳܱ֤һҸоڵʵӦԼˮʵ
ûУһֱûºõͣͲǰˣǲҪҾҰѹȥ
Ů˵Ļشʣʵв뷨ֻǵӵʱ뷨˾ǷëǣǰϷ˴кװȥһװʵͿŮ˾ôĶ


1802 ͷ֮ͬȵ
ˮЦŽӹģ⡣
ȻˣˣȥɽңҵĵҡŮ˵ʹ뿪
ˮϽ˵Ǹȱ𼱣ʲôҲûأôء
ˮŮ˲֪治֪ǹˣԼǷ֮Ŀ䣬һʲô֪
Ҳ˼ֵʣϾԼ֮ǻԭǲøĶģҲԭʵĹ࣬߶Է֮˽̫ƺе֡
ŶҪʲôŮ˵Ȼһ㣬Ǵôĺҡ
֪ǲоݻսˮһֱھݻս½սʲôĲǺ˽⣬С
Ů˿˿ˮͷʵûô棬ʵ֮Ħһһ֮һֻǷŵݵλá
Ůһ򵥵ĽˮһӻȻʣ֮ǰԼ˼뱻Լˣˣʵ˵Ǻܶ壬ŸԵΧ
гͻҲȻУֻǾ൱һƵС壬һ޴ļ塣
˵е㲻ȷУʵǷݵһЩʵǶݵһжʵ֮䷢һЩͻ
Щʱ򲢲û۸ܶ˶
֮ǷݶʵΨһĶʵ⶷ڶУҲвʵѷ֮ġ
֮ʵռݼˮأһЩأ֮ǰˮ̽ЩǷɽһǻɽĵطġ
ⶫǰĻƽһޱȣһ㶼Ǽ򵥵ĴĥһŪʲôģرʾݵܶ˺ٺ١
֮ʵΣܸܲ͸¶һ㡣ˮʵ
ŮˮĻϾȻ¶һЦݣ˼ЦˮϵĸоʲôһЦһЦˣо޷Ůˡ
Ȼԣ֮ʮߣûǿ
ˮˣĸоֻ֮ʮߣûԼǿô֮бԼǿҲŮˡ
ǲǺˣʵӽҲҰȫɵģúڡŮ˿ˮɫ˵ƽ
ˮоŮʹüͼļôԵļŮʩչȴ޷ĸо
仰һΪǶϧ
ˮоԼֺϵģŮƯƯǾ˫ˮû˽ģǸоԦˣЩ˻űоòͻ᳹׵ķ붼ΪֻԼˡ
ˮԴЦſŮˣ֪ݻûбȷ֮ʵǿĴڣ
ˮڷҲʱ䣬оڷݱŮʵǿӦú٣ûС
ݻһеĴڣһǻһǽ֮֯⻹źӰ󡣡
Ů˵Ļ࣬˼Ҳˣˮ𾪣ԼڷݱQʱʵ̫Щ˵ӣ벻֪òҡ
ˮû˵ȻŮٴ˵ЩеҺͱʵӴ㣬֯ʵǿ󡣡
ˮҲһЩĻͲõģֻҪŮѹһͷôˮŮѹͷ
ǺһУΪʲôᾺأˮʵʵ
ŮŻ˵ҵʦ֣ʵҲ֮侺
ˮŮƺʲôӦǴ˵йѪǹϵɣһеӦöϲŮˣĿɳŮϲ˭վǸˮͲ֪ˣҲ֪
źӰʵǿǿĶ֡ŮƺƲ֮ǰĻ⡣
ˮûٶʣԺԻ֪ģŮ̸һ˽˲ٵĶݵô
ķأҲΪҲֻܺͺݡݾ
ݻսʵиԵսݡݺͺԼһսţݶһսʣµһսŮٴ˵
ˮһˣ͸о޾ţݺͷ衢ݲʵ̫ˣŮ˵ĽҲˡ
ݺˮ֮ǰǿĿʼڡŵ磬к磬ʥɽĴӦúЩڲɣʥʵɲ⣬ŮΣ治֪
ˮǵõúôˮñ˳ԿģԼķ֮ڷɣܵ˵ŮⱾġ


1803 ҹ˹
ٴ˵һᣬˮЦȥ׼ԵģҪ԰ɣ
ˮʵҲǿϾҲʱˣоǰϰߣǰ϶һͲٵģھݴ½вٶһһ͵ġ
Ϊͺһһʵʮ첻ҲԣһһҲܱ֤һ΢ʵӣǰԵĶ೤һ
ÿһͿԱ֤һ˯һά־״̬ÿҲҪ֤ܵڰʱ˯ߡ
Ȼÿ죬мʲô黹ǿԵ飬һ㻹Ҫ˯һᣬҲá
ˮ˵֮ΪԷǣΪˮоŮҲԷģˮҲֻǿһ¡
Ҳã극Ҵȥһ·֮񡣡Ů˵
ˮһ㶣ȻЦŵͷã£ȥ׼£ܿ죬㵽Ϣһ¡
ˮһԺ䣬һˮʲôʱԾûʲô鶼ˮ
ˮҲš
ˮҹ˹ˣô˵ҹ˹ҲǷ֮ˡ
Ҳ֮ˡˮҹ˹СԺߵʱ˵
ҹ˹һ㶣ŵĿˮˮóǸſֵ̽ӡ
ļ֮ˡҹ˹ƺ˷ܵĿˮ
֮ƿˣҼ֮񣬵ҾԵɣ·֮군ҶԹۡˮ˵
ôɵˣŶˡҹ˹뵽ʲôˮ
ʲôˮЦſ
Ǹǵˣ˾ԿΪˣֻҪӽУԿ㲻Թ۵ˡҹ˹Ȼ˵
ܿ˾͵СԺҹ˹迴ǸŮ˵ʱƺˮԾǸŮ˿ҹ˹ҲһȻ˵Ƿ֮ˡ
ô֪ҹ˹辪ȵ˵Ӽ֮ûȥ֮
֮ĶһҼĻ񡣡Ůƽ˵
ҹ˹óӱʾǷ֮ˡ
ʵ̫ˣӽ֮ʱʵǿܼסΪǸƯŮˣŮˣ
Ů˵
ҹ˹ʵҲǺܿģڵʵڷ֮Ҳŵǰġ
ǰôƺ㣬ǰ𣿡ҹ˹ǳЦ
ҽˣ䵹ǰ䣬еԿŮ˺˵
ҹ˹赹һЦˣԭҲĬ
ˮƨĬҲû˵̸̸ȥŪԵģܿġ
ˮ֮ԼΪĿ죬ԵĿ죬˵ҲŮ˾ȵĿֱųȥ
Ů˾ȵôǿȥ½ֻҪеǮʵ˾Ͳ³Ϊܵı֣оǻᴥùġ
ˮȻʵݴ½Ҳкܶ಻ŵģڼͥԻǺܶ඼ŮڣرͨͥΪӴ԰ݵλ˶ˡ
ˮĺܿ죬ûһزĻСһһҩ֮
ˮŵϵʱŮ˻Ǿһ£ʵ֮ǰѾܾˣΪⷹζĺܺúܺãûôŵζ
ǸĹˣڷҲһֱǳʳ͹֮࣬ϴӲ⣬Լ֪һγʲôʱˡ
ˮŵϸǴ̳÷ƣоŮ˵ϢӦϲ÷ơ
˽㣬㳢ˮĳվµһġ
ҹ˹Ц˵
ˮһ㶣˽㣿һûȻõˣ˵ҲеԵ֣жи֣Ҫֵ֪Ĳࡣ
˵ͷŮˮĶ棬ˮ÷ƣ÷ƵζٴŮһȡ
ҲˣⲻǾƣ
˻棬˲ûʣǾҲֻôһСᣬָܿȻһһ֮һԷ
ŮԷţⲻǰҲһҲãˮٳˣװ߹ʲôģʵЩװĲ񻹲粻װȻһЩá
ŮȴǲͬһֹģǳҲһܡ
˳ԵĲ࣬ӦǺ٣ͣˮŮ˵̧ͷˮ˵һ䣺ҳԹóԵĶ
лл佱
ⲻǿ佱ʵ
Ŀ佱һ὾ġˮЦ˵
û˵һ˵裬ҲȥɣǷ֮ĸôҲǰһˡ
ҹ˹ǵͷã
һĳƺĸǵڶӦҲƿص˼ǳ֮λߵһ


1804 ֮ʵ߸
ˮ֪ҹ˹Ϊ֮ĸǲΪԼоӦöһϵ
ݼڣ֮飬ϧɵȡԼӽ֮񣬶ڸԼŮ˳Ϊ֮ĸ
ˮŮˣ治֪ŮǲΪסԼоԷӦûôǳ

ˮҲûʲôֱʺ÷;֮ʹþŷɽȥ˲ѾңңһƬӴɽ
ԶԶȥӸ߿·һֻʿͷķˣһֻչɵķˣȺɽƣƺԶһ
ָһλãͷȥˮҹ˹Ҳŷȥ
һʱ䣬һɽϣһƬɽⱻΪһɽƽףɽжסɽɽϿƽףŪһɽƽ̹֮أ潨̨ͤ¥
һƬƽ׽̨ͤ¥ԵеΣݣΪеݶôֻɽ֮ŻסһЩɽʵݣҲûа취ıȻ
ɽۣˮвڽŮһ䶼΢һЩҲ٣ֻƺ࣬һ

ӭһͨˣһ򵥵Ļɫۣ뷢ףߵǰ
Ҷϣټһǣһ¡˵ݲЦҲǺ࣬ȴһλߵϡ
ã
Ӧһ뿪ˣȻ˺ˮҹ˹һĵȥ
߽ȥʱѾʮˣ֮ǰǸҶҲڣˮоЧʻǲڷ֮ǾԵȨڡ
ˮɨһ۴ˣûз쵶ӰԷûʸվġ
ÿһ˶ڣˮҹ˹һȥ͸ܵ˷ѹһεѹ
Щѹˮǰֵһᣬҹ˹ԾͻеϾвٱǿĴڣҪǶԷʮһɢ
ˮɫǰһһεѹֱӲƳȥһöԷһмʵõɫЩȻ
ˮ֪ЩӦԼģȻȻȻԷΪˡ
ˮһöԷ֪˵Ŀ£Ҳ֪˭Ϊ֮ǰȥ˵ԭ
ȥˣ֪ʲôˣǿôʱȻﲻԾˮ
ƺʲôҲûиܵһֱߵǰ̨ϣ˵̨ʵҲͱطҡ
ҽ³ԱʵӦ˵һλλҹ˹裬֮ǰѾǷ֮ĳϣѾǸˣһλˮǷ֮Ŀ䡣
˻˵˵ľȣҲûĸоһ飬ˮʱоŮ˺ܰԵ᲻
ΧֱӴӳϵƺЩ̫˰ɣ֮ǰǽġһ΢һЩ˵
ܽǰЩˣߣҲиеֻͣһصĲͿ˵ϵµĲ
ⳤϣ㲻˵ȻǸߡ
ߵһȻ˵
һˮĹ죬˵Ƿζһ㣬ǷˣǷҹ˹衣
ûٿǿΧ˵ҲǷԼ۹⣬ϣһҲԼ۹⡣
仰൱ĲˣһΧҲû˵ˣ˵ʵǿɲ⣬־ǵġ
ˮ裬Ҹǽ£λǴࡣ˿һü˳۵ˡ
ˮ˿˵ã
ˮϸܵһǿϢûԼǿ󣬵Ҳһ۷Ĵڣʮʵ¡
ãƽЦ
˸кˮ͸о˲һſˣƺе̣һ־ǰѷ֮񵱳Լļһˮĸо
ˮʶ˶ϡһֱ߳ϡ
߸ǿˣϾ֮ǰǸҶϣϱȽϴֿһֲϲʲôĻˣսˮһμƺ졣
䣬һָҵսܸоǿǿܶࡣսˮֵ˵
ˮʵϲԸЦһо
ˮҲûйֵĿֵĿǿܣãֵǫǽûаѶԷ
ĳϿᣬ߸пһҲʮӣȻǰʮӣٺܶһϽˡ


1805 գ
ĳֻǺˮ򵥵ĴкûԵöȣҲûԶ
峤Ϻ֮ǰ˲ͬһζֻǺˮͷһ仰û˵ľͷ顣
Ϻ߳λţڿϼܴˣ׷ͯգܺãûһ˿ƵˮԿʱӦò
λŶˮ̬رãֺþ翴ԼĺһˮҲܵ˶Է׺Ǻϲġ
˲ûнܣˮҲ⣬˵䲻ľЩֻĴڡ
ʵ֮ǰҹ˹貢ͬ⵱֮ĸģϾңҪػңˮһЩ
˸ҹ˹ҲǾԵɣһҪڷ֮Ҳʲô顣
ҹ˹о˼Ů֮ƺϤر죬ҲͰʱ䲻ͬһˮ֪ϧǶŸԵĿġ
ЩˮˣԼҲûлĿǰԼֻкôԺԼǿˣ֮ĻرҲǾ޴ġ
һֱɫʱˮҹ˹ŻȥȻ˷֮

֮ˮ׼ȥһħϾˣŮ⼸һֱңǰڹһ㣬û´źһڴϿǼŮһҲס
¼ŮƺֳӪһ˵ŮĹϵͲãöˮŮҲͬ׽һ
ǶǴˣȥʲô裬Ƕܶ
֮ദرãദãǺĺҲǺףһӴһˮĵ顣
һǰħˮһȥģôʱ䣬Ҳ̨֪պôˣʱʱȥؼҿģ֪⼸ֻȥһΡ
ҲֻȥһΡ
ˮоУܿ͵ħϤһˮһ˵ĸܣϿŮˡ
̨һĵĴһֱôһһоá
Ů֣Ժ˵ʲôˮſŮˣˣ֮ǰŮ˶ԼѾôųˣֻǲ֪ټǲǻָ
֪е㵣ģرģֻϣһжá
ħ˿ˮǹĴкػˣ
ˮͷ𣿡
ˮħػǹҲػպҲػ֮ǿ䣬ʵػࡣ
С治֪
ˮͷͷ˽ȥҲ̨֪ڲڵĹҲͼˣսͻüļ֪
ˮػħҽ졣
ˮϤԺȥ̨յСԺֻ¥һһԲûзʲôõ顣
ʱˮоԼԼѵΪĽӴܶԷôĮһֱŬ
֪ԼǲǼڣԼѾϲŮˣֻǾϲʲô˵

ٽСԺʱˮһƽдһɹ¶ˮĽŲܺȴǹ¶ۡ
һ˵Ҳù¶·һ»ιһ㣬޿
˷֣ʹֺ࣬ʹʲôʱû˷ʹʱû˷ֵ
ˮѹԭһֱûпĻǹ¶ģˮʧеоԼΪ
һ˵ϵĴܸͷ
Ϊʲôһ·ƶߣܺ˵̨ͬյǱޣļо
ˮ̧ͷȥ֪ʲôʱ̨Ѿվ¥Ĵ
ٸ߸üͣղʩɫ糯ϼӳѩɽŮգÿһοˮ޴Ӿ
ɫһѩ׵βסߣ絶ǰĻľĶǣأ޳ĽˮɿŮˣ䣬һĹ°

ˮӰһֱӳǰ¶ĵЦݣȻֽסû̫֣
գˣˮЦ
ˮŮ΢΢Ц⣬ǰһΪֻǸղ֪Ȼı˺ܶ࣬ȴɵĹ¶ûдԼġ
һ仰̨΢΢һ㶣仰ˮ˵ģҲֻˮ˵иоܵΣ֮ļ޷ģÿ±ҲϣܵһЩ˵ĹģرŮӣϣһЩ黰̨Ů˵һ䡰գˡʮ䡰գҰ㡱á


1806 
һʼˮ̨ܵյ΢΢һһֱܵĿңˮ֪֮ǰôõ뿪Ǻ֮ûлصԪƺ˺ܶࡣ
ˮ̨ѾһָоЧ̬ȣƤƤô򣬲ǹûһϷˡ
һˮܸоѾƽˮŽߵűգӨϸ֬ɢ㡣
𣿡ˮ֮ǰĻûлػˮı鵹һů⡣
ãأ㿴ܺąֻ́Ĵˮļϡ
ٶˮܿģرĿģ˵ȫųԼ˵ŽԼ
Ǻܺã֮Ҹоôˡˮ̨΢Ц˵
Ϊʲô㲻뿴𣿡̨΢΢̧ͷˮ˵
ˮ̨߱Ҳ͸ٰͷ
ҸоƺǺܿģϣ㿪ĵ㣬ôŻῪģ㿪ˣҲŻῪġˮ˫峺Իһ˵
һ㶣Ȼſˮ˫ϵ۾̫˵Ϊʲô˵Ҳ֣Ҹоڱǰ˺ܶడ⼸껹㼸Σţء
ˮ۾е󣺡Σ
ˮ治֪ÿĻѹƽ껹벻һΣʲôʵ벻ϲԼġ
ϲһô궼벻һΡ
Ѿˣҿɾһˡ̨˵
ŶɲԸôҵģҵʱʲôоˮڴĿ̨ա
̨ͻȻһ죬ǽߵɫˮо¶סˣǿ־ҿ϶ԼҪʲô
ʲô£ٴܵѹûȱڻ˵ʲôһиȱҲգûȱ¶Էıĸܡ
εˣԾͻ㣬ʱ뿴㣬ǲǻą́С˵
ˮĵĽסֻҹĺòãûġ
ˮǺЦ̨Ǿ޵ܸоһеģֻʣû˵ʲôҲһķΧ
ûû
ˮЦˣûж˵ʲôԿ϶뵽ʲôȻ氲ȫȷӦһܣȻɫ
úãûУʵβУʲôʱʲôרáˮüͷĶͷ˵
ķʽ˵Ļ׽һ㣬Ϊ̫ôΡ
Ǹ쵰̨ûеֿʲôˮˮܶӵʲôģǲ
ôòô㣬ǲҪʲôˮǼĦ
˵ıӶֱͦܵĶ
Ҫʲǫ̂ԥһе㲻˵
ˮȻ̨ܵԼҲǿԼ˼һˮܸжǲϣΪ֮ǰ˺ܳ·ĳҡ
Ҫһ£ˮ̽ʵ
ҪһŮӵ治ʲǫ̂ȴǲͬˮڸоıһΪһʲôǰ
̨ƺΪѣֲܾˮһˮΪѣʱȴȻһĸоһ㡣
ĸоˮرĶƺһǵĸоһĶޱȡ
̨촽ӡˮϵʱûƿʱŻƿ΢΢ĵͷ¸ҵ߳Լĵһ
Ķˮŵͷ̨Ц
̨մˮϵ˫ֲ֪ʲôʱѾıסˮĲӣʱҲ֪߻ʲô°ʹˮҼϣˮ
ˮһĻĶߣеĻŻһ˵ĸооϲĽӴ
ˮһӵȻӣ̨ջˮ̧ͷˮʱɿ֡
ȥðɣӦûˡ̨Ц˵
ˮͷһȥɣ
ȹȥɣһԷüą̇̄Ȼȥ֪ˮ֮Ҳ˵Ĺϵһȥʡ
ˮͷ
СԺСԺܽһСԺˮ߽ȥʱպÿ˳Ӧȥ̨ˮһ㶣ܿ¶ĵЦݡ
ˮ㡣βסϲá
ˮЦſ˫ֱۣ˵ˮ⼸û֪ԼǷݸ飬ƺϬһ㡣


1807 򸴺
ˮı壬û˵ʲôȻľһ
ǵĺ۵Ŀ̽ϵĲǷ۵鶯⣬š
ĻӦţУ˫ֽıסˮĲӣڲϵĲ֮ǰˮ˲ѾԼҪȵʲô
ˮ˫ֲϵķ۱ϸϸ⻬Ĵ̼ˮий٣ܿ㲻Ľ˫ַϡ
һһ΢ĴϢԾˮ˫쵽水סˮֲҶ
ˮ˫̴ְͦ˫ǰˮϣһ˵Ĵ̼֮ӿ
Ѿ뿪ˮ죬տˮ˫һˮ˫еȣȻ尴˫֣˫ֿԻ
ˮûٹֵĶҲûֹˮ׵ˮĻˮ֡
ˮ˫ɲһܳܵģַֽ֣һЩǱҪľֽЧ
Ҫ֪Ů֮ҸҲ꣬ˮַͿԴﵽЧʵ֣ǰҲܴﵽ
ѨкܶѨоһЩѧ̼ЩѨ˴ﵽһܵ㣬߻
ȻܴﵽЧһЩӾ;оЩԶɴġ
ˮ˫ųжȣοβвλˮ֪еĵطβˮַܿ˫ʹİˮѹˮϡ
ôȻѾ
ˮֻǸо̫ˣȴ޵Ĳ̧ͷһ֮ǰֹˮȴǷֻû
߲ԼȻǰ͸
һᣬƺŻع̧ͷˮͮͮ˫Ӻݸ߹󣬾ǰܲһŮˣǸ˫Ůˡ
𿴵ӰٿڵģǿҵĳˮرԺˮǲǸðˡ
ȥϴ裬һһȥսǡ˵ٵʧˮҰ
ˮеĻȥ룬Ƕ˻ǵ㣬һƺе㲻ʵڸоã򸴺
һҴһ𣬻üսҲˣˮսĵֱһܱҪ֪ˮսǿֵܡ
üˮȵãοˮǵİʵ̫ˣҲͲˣ˵ڴҲֵܣҲϰˡ
ˮһҪסЩӡսĵ˵
ңҾͶס졣ˮЦ˵
Ȼ㣬˵ǲաüЦ˵Ȼ̨ա
üȻˮ̨յ⣬о֮һʲô飬֪ʲôϣˮ̨ܺߵһ
ػʱҲһֱ̫æˡ̨˵һƽ͡
Ҳ̨յı仯Ϥ׵ļһʱôı䣬ĺͨûʲôҲһԵı仯
üû˵ϾЩһ¾ͿˣǾͿ˵Եˡ

̨պʵˮҲǾһģ̨ŮװԼصĴУħУʵԽչٶȿΪص㡣
ˮһֱȹ̸ʵûʵҲǳˮֵĵطʵǧ
ʵԲˣûˮȻٴΰһ԰ٴȹʵ
ˮʵӵԽ࣬ܰﵽ˸࣬ˮֲʵ׵Ŀ԰ﵽǡ
һжǺˮ롢֮ˮصҽйϵ˾ǿҲֻܹඥһ£ﲻˮЧ
ʵ̨ղ಻£ʵǱ̨ҪǿһЩģڱˡ
ˮΪŮʵ̨գʱṉ̀ԪȻһ˿ңȴҪźܱܱȹ
ŮûпܣȻ˵ղŵںˮ֮ĺ̨ܽܽǱʶĸԼҪųˡ
̿컣ˮȫעûд۸Ҳ൱ģ̨մﵽһǧʵֻһ΢һ㡣
ˮһθܵħеĿ£ٳɣҲб׶ˣ׶ˮƣȻͻһº󻼣һ룬ħһյġ
̨ˮѾ˴־ս֪ʲôʱģǲƽ廢ڵʱɣǸʱӦûıɡ


1808 Ϣ
գǴһֱħ𣿡
֪ѾħˣмҲΪüսн̵һʵܸܵЩ˾ԶΪħˮ治̨֪Ըôĵġ
ɫȻУ꺮һǰĻۣˮڳΪħػοѾ̨ΪԼŮˣֻҪǶħǫ̈պõģǳԿ
ǻͣһʱģǴȥݡ˵
ˮ֪Ϊǵʵ˴󲿷ֵǵʵȻǿ󣬵ǲ٣ڽһʱǵʵѸٵһʱ䡣
֪֮𣿡ˮʵڷݴ˺ܾʱģˮʡ
˵ûнӴ˵ʵǿƺǷǿʵҲ˵ǣôˣĿˮ
ѾǷ֮һԱˣ֮ûУˮѾое㲻Ծˡ
֮ʵѾǷݵĶ⣬ˮ֪ݵʵֲҪԶԶڷݣݶǿݣԼʲôݺͺݶ
ˮ֪ܲʤݵʵ
֮ˣ̨վȵʵ
ţôˣˮܾȣľΪ̨յľȡ
Ӧ֪ͷ֮йϵ֯ˣ֯ʦֻʦܣ֮飬β֪пܱǵӡ̨Ѿָƽ˵
˵һЩֻǲ֪ʲôƺеĶϲ֮ǸŮˣ֪ǸŮϲϲеһأˮ̨ʵ
֪˵Ǹ˺ϲʦܣƺûжǸʦְһϷŮ˿ǸʦںŮһŮǸҲϲˣ˵һֱôõŮˡ̨տˮ˼˵
ǶˣĪ˵ڶδȢ𣿡ˮʵ
ǸŮǲ޸һŮ˵ˣӦǶδȢɣ̨˵
ȢȢûʲôϵҲȱŮˡ
˵סεĿŮǺЦĿˮ̨ȴǿ𴦣ʲôҲûһ
ˮԼ˵ʲôԼѾ˲Ůˣڻ̨պ塣
˻ûһö˵ǲˮ΢Цſˮ
ˮӣǡ
ˮʵر˽⣬߸ϵߣ˼ӣԸˮе׽͸һҶ۳е񣬵ƺһࡣ
رʱɫģձһζǡ
գҹҪһʱʱغݣҪ鴦һ¡ˮ뵽Ƿ֮飬ôҲðѷ֮ȶ
֮ΪݵǿڣôԼҲбϣҲˮ֮һԭ
ˮҪҹ֮Ҫ˵ʵٴһ׶Σˮʱ뿪ҲģսңҪ÷֮Եǿ
ˮʵˣȴʵҲˮǿ֮
ǲǷ֮飿̨ջͷˮʵ
ţ˷֮ʹҹأҵļҲҪŬ֤ƽˮҲû
ǵһ߰ɣҲɣ˵׼ʱ򻹿԰㡣̨տȻ˵
ǰ㲻𣿡ǺЦϵЦˮ
˵ǣԾͰ̨Ҳȥˡ
̨û˵ǿˮ
ˮЦ֮ãʱǰʵϡˮĵ˵

֮ˮصң̨պԺˮһǰݣˮʵ״̬ڣʱҪŬʱһѸĽ׶Ρ
ˮٻĵ˸һϢ˵ʦֵ˻ȥѾ֪ˮΪ֮ػˡ
ˮ뵽˻֯ͻǺһУˮ뵽˶ȢŮˣҲܺ棬뿴ʲôӣôš
ˮ治ҵģκвԼģ˺úõʲô˵ʲô뷨Լ۸ĻҲȻˮʵܲԷˮûһս֮ˮɱﵻвٵġ


1809 ǡĻ
ˮһֱڼ֪˵ʦֿҪԼԸ뿪˭֪Էʲôˡ
յĵڶʱˮ˶ԷҲģˣһֺˡ
ˮһӾͿȷԷǽˣ֪֯־ǽʦֻиʦܵҲн
֮ȷԷΪ˵ϢǿϢˮܲԷϸϢо˵ʵһ
ܸо˵ʵĲˣˮָоֻҪԼʵ΢һ¾ܸоԷʵ
ôҲܹƵԷʵӦʮʮˮʶȻǿ󣬵ԷƺҲܲһ㣬ȻоԷʵʵ
ˮڲʮԷʮ˵Ǻܴ󣬵ˮȴһҲģǶԷɱҲһԼҪ֪ԼԳסʵ
ҲˮһۺʱͬʵˮֻƾӲܺɨ
˳úܺÿü۾˵ûʲôۼȴǿ
˵߱ˮҪһ磬Ҫ֪ˮ߲һװ˻Ҫһ㡣
ˮ˵һ۵ˣͨ·ˮҲܲ³Ӧǽ
һһӣֻҪǶԷĻͨ·ȷԷݣֻǲ֪ԷԼΪʲô顣
ǣˮûлشʵ
ϲһԼ˭ǰ鰸ӵĿһˬȻͲشˡ
ˮĻȻҲǲôˬǸɫӵʼ磬ƺһԼ·Ż˵ǽǻӦ֪ɣ
ˮ˵û˵
ˮĻشҭںĸоǽǺܴģرǵʵ֮󣬼û˲֪ǵĴڣ֮ǰˮɫǻΪԼ˵ֵķӦ
ûӦˣˮɣȻƢе㱩겻ͷ˵
ʲô£ǵݰɡˮ仰ǻشԼݡ
뿴ʲôʦԳ֮Ŀ䣬֪ͨһ¡ʱˮܲѺõ˵
ˮȴЦˣǲ뿪֮ԶҪ
Ǵˣʹ˴򽻵ʡ¡һ㶣ĵ˵
ˮڲ֪˵ʲôǴˣֻҪ˽ǵ˶֪ˮ֮ǰҲٹǺ˵飬ԲҲܲ³
֪Щķʽ߱ˣˮʵ
£ֻܴ𲻴ӦȻҲпܳΪһﲻõ˵
ˮŻо˷ǳΪǣһڶĸоǸﵹһֱû˵ƺһкڹ޴鶼û
ڸоһʮҲ׷̫ˣŮ˲ϲŵˣһκ˶ܾϲŮˣһЩ޴飬˵ǸŮ˻ϲ𡣡ˮ˵ЩʵԵġ
˵޴ǲĻˣΪһֱ㣿ʱȴǿˡ
ﷴ˼ĻȴǴ˻
Ը꣬ʲôϲ˫˫ȭϲȴǲôϲ˼ʹϵһ飬Ҳļ򵥵˼ڵĳɾ͡
һ˵㣬ҲҪκ˻Ҳκβҡˮ̬ܺá
Ŷеʵ治֪ߵغˣǷ֮ķϣȥдһ£˵ָָ档
ٶˮеøеģϾ˼ɵңͷã룡
ߵһ磬ʵĶֲսһоرź
˳ʮĸ߿գΧޱߣƶ䶼ûУеģݴ½̫ˣҲôߵǺܴ
һ𣬻һˮЦ˵
һǻûеɱĵزûг֪죬Ȼ̫ˡ˵
ˮǸо̥ĺܶ࣬˼άˣŮôҲϲģĻҥ˵ϲӦĻˣˮоʵǿ󣬵Ǽ򵥣˵ĳһеǡ
鲢ټǰĳЩӾоһЩɵˣ书ȴޱȣҲУΪĳЩѨϻӰ³ĳЩϰҲǴڡ
ﲻ֪Ǻɵģ˿չˣӦΪġǡԭɡ


1810 ȶ
ˮ²ܾܿչ˲ŻϲˣҴӹ֮ǰһЩ۲ˮ֪ϲŮϲһ顣
뵽Щˮ̲סǸˣһˮзһ˿׾ݡ
ְɣȻֶûоˣֵĻᡣվˮ˵һ߲ǺԶĵطš
ˮͷԼŲĿҲ˲ƻ˺ǰ
ԽԽое⣬пܾǻӣⲢǶڵ˵ʴȣȻˮǻСĵģڵʵֻҪһǰӦû̫Σյġ
ˮóƽսꪣûȥԷʵҲûȥͶԷٶȣȻֱʹþŹɱ˹ȥ
ܼ򵥵ʽˮҲʮʵǻʵˮһһҲռʲôˡ
ˮһýͻ˫һǾȣҪ֪ǰ˾ȻⲻѷɫǶٵʵ
֪ˮſֲĿ˲񱩵һҲˮȶҪ֪ʵǲǴҪҲܽǳ׵ĴУⱲӾͱˣ΢Ĳλǵ

ıһ˫˫ᣬܴʮ״򣬵ȴޱȣٶ˲һѻ｣ˮȥ
ǰѽˮȻûϸҲ֪ǷƷߣ磬һѴ󽣣һֻĻɫķˣɢǿĻ
ն
һ˲仯һֻȼյķһˮȥٶȲ죬ûݡ
ƺϢһڷĹϢԽԽǿ֪ˮԺ߳ɵľĹҶڻżߵĿԡ
ǿ󣬵ǵľĻ湥ˮӭֱֻӴȥˣеĻƽսꪼ򵥵һ̡
ˮ˵ĴԼĻ֮еĴӭˮĻƽսꪴȥ

ˮļɺܸߣΪ̫ԭж˵¯ˣȻͶԷʵ˲٣ҲΪжԭˡ
ˮǿԼǿʵʱᱻˣˮȴǺͶԷʮʵȷʵɵӲӲ̫ǿ֮
һ߸ǾȣҲһ˵ĹâеԾսеĽ𽣣ƺʲôһ
ʱһϤϢһҲָȻ𽥵Ҳ¶΢Ц
ˮʵһʼ͸ܵǸϢʶ棬ƺмһ֪ǵʶ˵ģڸĳˮǺܿĵģ˵ڵԼ
ĵԼ⣬Լż֮ûõĿˣ֮û¶ӦҲ֪Լжٽ
ˮûʲôֻĴ򶷣ΪôʱûдˮýҲԽԽϬ
ҪɱˣСһ㡣ˮ˵
ʱﻹһˮǺܿĵģо˵ʵͷɣ
ס֣дбҪ÷ǵüѪź𣿡˵֣ӰҲѸٵĳˮͻм䡣
ӵɵˮĲ֪ԣŮöôꡭ
뷨ˮһΪԼ뷨գȻΪԼʲôӣҲΪԼʲôС˺ͻˡ
е˼ҲʳɫҲǸоա
ƺƵĻ־ȵĿˣ˶ôˣ
˿Ż˵ʲôҸ˵Ļ𣿡
µĿˣֹֿ
˶ûһģ㲻ҪҾ뿴Ҷеҽ֮¡΢Ц˵
ˮ˵ĳƺҲ֣˵ĹϵĲԲˮҲȷӾ⡣
ƺڽﲻôðҲ˵ҲϣٷȻ֮Ժǵˡ
˶ģԲˣʲôġæ˵
ﳤĺˣڵ˵һô˵ǰˮеĹһܺ
һ˿̣û˵ʲô
ɫȻǱ΢Це㲻ͬ¶һ˿׾ЦҵŮҿ㻹ôߣǸɵӾ졣
ˮ΢Цſˣ⵽˽ɫЦŶ˵лл


1811 һ˵ʲô
ˮлл΢΢ҡҡͷҵС㣬ӦΪǵĲŶԡ
˱ûʲô仯ȴǾޱȣþҲΪû뵽ˮǿֵز
ҲǳԾھһͷһҪˣȻһԶԶĳԼŮ˶ΪŮˡ
ҲƤ΢㣬ʵȴǲСˮǫ˵
û˵ʲôҲ֪Ǹø˻ʲôϣˮʵǿ󣬵˶һһǱڵв
Ͽ˻Ǻ׼ģˮ˺ʦǲͬģһμˣϵĸһɡ
ͻѾ뿪ˣ˿ˮ̾˵ʮǰҲ֪ʲôԭ˲ӣӵֻаң㲻Ҫ֡
ˮ뻹ҡҡͷ˵ôأ֪ô
ҵĻԺӦò㣬ﲻ˵ҪӦǺߵĺܽѾеɥĲˣɴ⣬ùңĻ㲻顣˵
ףˮͣһ²˵֮ǰܵ˽һŵǿɱƺΣҲܷĵ뿪ˣҲ˵еɥĲɥĲʲôҲó
վڿУʮ׵ĸ߿գܴ󣬽˵·öˮһŷ˵ķεŮˣƮƮָܵоһ
ˣ˸㣬֯ѾԭĻˣҲ˻ˣȻƿػˡ
ǻ˭ƿأˮܺʵ
˵
ˮһҲȻˣȻûо˵ʲôҲܲ³֯䵽Ҳ顣
ˮо֯ӦøףȻû䵽Ӧû뷨ֻˮ֪ʲôԭ
ڻ֯УȻǺ󣬱ϾʵڣʵƿѾǽˣֻǻԼǺ
ʵиˮһֱʣһֱûʣǾһеĽ˵ʲôʵ˭ô̳ˡ
ǿߵĵӻӦв٣ֻˮĿǰûнӴǸһʲôĸ߶ȣ
㲻֣ˮ֮˵˼֡
Ȼ˫û˵ﶼǺˮҲ˼֮˵
²µѾûʲôˣѾûнˡ˿Զ˵
ˮҲǣѾˣûʲô˵Ѿûˡ
Ȼˣɣ飬Ҳеˮ˵
㵣ļˡ˿ˮ˵
Ů˺ܴһˮ֪ˮʲô
࣬һ顣ˮͷ˵
ã
ص֮ȻˣˮܸʶҲܿˮƺַΧ
ļͥãļͥһܿ֡˿ΧˮһһСԺȥ
ǰľҿػĵطʲôֻҪصҾɣΪмҲŻоһ塣ˮ΢Ц˵
ǰмҲ壬Ҫ·ҪУһ»Ұ˵į
ÿ˶Լļңÿ˵Լļõġˮƺ쵽ʲô
ǰģһһػҸĳŵҿػĿˮ
ˮĻһ㶣ĿȻԼǷ֮ĿйϵӦòȫ
ҿҪллˡˮЦ˵
лһ˺ܾãָоȻûܸܵĻᣬԿҲһ˵ĸоܺã˵ллҡ΢Ц˵
ˮһˣָоˮᣬǰС˵ȻԼеǣҲǵ仯仯˿ԼļͥҲܵȾԲŻҲ
ǻлᣬԺԼļͥԼŮ˻һֱǰڵǰĶȥ̣ץסڲҪԼ̫źˮڶԼ˵һ
ʲôĿˮ
ûˣһ˵ʲô˲
ˮû뵽ŮҲãˣãˣվһ޴·ڣѾ֪ߣҲ֪Լڵ壬ľܿȥôʵ˶л


1812 ұ
ˮʵѾ뵽Ů˻һˣֻû뵽ҲãҲʧȻԼ˵Щ֪Լһʲô
ˮ˿Լ棬պڴɫӿ죬ɫƲĿ˵ҵһЩУһЩԼӵػĶϧõĴڡ
ˮǰ˵ĻҲǵһһҵʱѰ̼Ϊһǣ޹ңûһĴڡ
ȥҪöҲǶֺܶ࣬ǮŮˡλɱ¾
ʲôڶ˵ʲôУֻҪȼ˶־оþС
УõĶ˽뵽˼ƺŬҵ𰸣ȴҡҡͷûʲôУҲ֪ԼõʲôһֱоԼվ棬Χһȴĸоؿˮ
ˮڶû޵ĸоǺ˽⣬ҲժǸʲôˣҲ֪ʲô취
˳Ĭˣƺ룬ƺڵˮĴ𰸡
ûϲˣûйˣˮʵ
ˮĻûҲûʲô̫ķӦƽ˵ûУ
˵ֽ֮˵ϲˣҲûйˡ
˵ˮоŮӦеģѵΪûʵģˮεЦûԼˣţ˵ϲ˻ŮˣҲ׼ȷû飬ϣһҲһߵһ𣿡
ˮʵ֪û뷨һ䵭һЩûⷽ顣
Ů֪Ůûᡣ
ҲֻûϲġɫȻƽ˵
ˮŮ˵̹ҲŪһ㶣ɿֻҪ뷨ǾͻãŮֱ̹˵ҸϲˣľͻرԼŮͻתƺܶණ
뷨Ҳֻûкʵģûһϲġҡҡͷ˵
ʵһ취ˮ˵
ʲô취
һˣʹޣռĵİ˳ϡˮ˵
ôһˣ˵Ҳе仯ƺҲͬˮĻ
ںʲôͰںߣͻкˡˮЦ˵
ʲôҲûУʲô˲˵
УУԼһ޴ĲƸиҪӡȱżҾǼ裬ô죿ˮŮ˵ɫе仯
һɱ˿ˮ˵
ˮӣ㲻ңҲٸ취Ҳ֪Լ⣬صġ
˳ĬˣȻԼֻǲ֪ô졣
ڻ㲻ʧȥĶ˵ûеصĵزһҪԼʧȥںĶɱˣǸʱߵ˾ͷ
ǾɸоԼĳ䣬ѾܾˣҵʵѾû˿ˣȻںģҲӦҵ״̬ʵҸоܸıҡеڴĿˮ
ˮʵҲ
ˮҲ֪˿ԭԼ֮񣬶Ҹ˾ԵɣȻ֮ǰͻ˵ΪԼˡ
ҲҼ֮һֵĸоҸоǸˣ壬Ҳ㡣˵
ˮӣǲұס
ˮǲ˼ӣϱܾʣȻҡҡͷŮ̫ˣҲǵġ
ˮӣʵӦû뷨ˡ
ǰԲҲ𣬱ѾˣܿϵĹ檳Ⱥˣ˵ûһˡ˸̾˵
ˮоŮе㲻ǣԸɴ಻˵ˣŮ˵Ҳ
˲˵ˣ˵ɣ㲻˵һе𣿡˸о˵Ҳˡ
׼ʵģڵˣڱ߳ǰΣȻľһѩܿͻήˮˡ
˳ȻɣڸоǶôģҲǶôĻʲôֻе㲻ľ߹ҵһ
ˮܵеһ˿ΣǲʲôʵдգԸ⿴һš


1813 ˳ˣ
ˮԱĸоرĲе㵣ĵ˵㲻Ҫ⡣
ˮ֪ôǲϲĮӵ̬ȣ뿪һżֱס衣
˶ˣˮо˵һԣֲƺڲ֣浣һֻźܴӰ죬һϵ΢оĵĲʱر档
֣ƽ˵
ˮҪռˣסͲɿȻͻĲһĪĸӹ¶ĸо
ܸܵû֣֮ǰķӦܸоڸܷ֡
ţˮ峺˫ۿ
أ
Ů˵һֱֻӡؿڡ
ˮûʵֵദǴλˮǿ󣬵ǰŮʵֲܿһ˺ǿ
һʹˮû֡
֣ϱһƬ
ء
ˮһֱû֣һѪŮ˾û£ɫ԰׵սַ
㵽ŷ֣ɱ㡣˵ͷûٿˮ
һʱѾ΢ı仯ֱ仯Լ֪һˣһץֵǲˣ
ƺоһ˿ůһ˿Σһ˵ĸоŵҲ֮ǰôܡ
ˮǺɿ֣Բû뷨ϣܾ߳ǰ
ڸо֣ɿԼȴǸоƺʧȥʲôҡҡͷҲ֪ôˣû˸ôĵӶԼǵһ
ԺٸҾԻɱ㡣˵仰оô
оԼ˿ǣϲϲգҵů¿ǸоܺãɱˮȻ֮ǰɱˡ
ˣ˶㿴ԺģʱҶѣòãˮϡ
ˮ治ҪռˣֻоһůʹڣûʱһҪ飬飬顣
˶Сƺҡ˾Ŀˮ
˶ƺһСƺһ裬һˡˮͣͣš
û£ҿˡ˿ˮɫ԰ףǻһѪȴһĿԼˮ֪Լ֮ǰ˶Ҳ֪
û£ҵǿ׳ġˮϽ˵
ҲǱʾǸ͹ģˮ·飬̲סٴһΡ
ΪʲôҪô֪ףлл㡣ͣһ᲻Ŀˮ
ǲΪ׷㣿ˮ뷴ʵ
Ǳһô룬û˼ʵô꼸û˶ұʾⷽ롣ҡҡͷ˵
Ϊǰо䲻ϣ̫࣬Ԧ㡭
쵰ͻ˵˵Ԧе˵
ûзԼںˮ֮Ѿһе⣬ı仯ǰûеģҲǸŮˣŮ˵ԣֻڲչ¶һЩ
Ҫˡ˵
СĽˮԥһ»˵˳
֪ҲҪû֣֪ʲô
ƽӺܿһܹȥˣˮڼҵӹģźȿͷһһʱ̳˻Ц
ŵȭԽԽˡˮߵԺ䳡ʱЦŶŵ˵

ŵˮĵ˹ˮĸ첲ʱŮѾ縸ŮˣջʱˮǰܾнϾ֡
ŮǸŮܿͻ磬ʱˮ̵ָǽ˲ٵѧһЩ½߹ʲôģ١ŵ˵Ⱦͺˮ֮ûʲôˡ
ϾǴСҲˮĹ³ģиǸӢۣǸǿߣҲˮĻǱʶİ
컹磬ЩСĺ磬֪Ŭܿ̿࣬иĸΪǰֳ㣬Ҫġ
͵ʱһţǻˮϵġ
ŵأˮӹʵ
ˣһͨˣ϶˵һİ˸ģ㡣˵
ˮŷдˮ֡
Ȼˮŷ⣬ȴֻм򵥵һ֡
Ҫ˻ǰɽķȣʱ֮ʲôǿɾͲұ֤ˡ


1814 ȣ˷
ˮеžˣˣΣգ˭вĪʲôʽ
ˮʱоȣΪǿţΪûбҪ׼ǰȥʱһ˵Ҫˮ
ˮ֪ʱӦòʲôԼȻԼһм£ֱǰԺһ΢ģˡ
˿ͨų඼Ǻֶͨ˶Ҳ˶࿴һ۵ˣˮȴǷҲһߡ
ˡ߿żɽ˵
ʱ˲֣ˮоӦò˵ˣɻĿŶԷ
ҵȵãҵȫҶȵãԴģҵˣҲǷ֮ĳϣֻһ˵ģҽȵġĿˮ
ˮ΢ƽ֪˵ĺԼǲһ֪֪治֪ģǲ˵ġ
ˮʶſ۲ߵһһΪӦߵĴ̿һ;ʵ;Ժܲ
ˣһȥ¾ˣҲȲǷ֮Ŀ䣬ڲ֪˭Ƿ֮ĳҲţоȥҲﲻϡ߼˵
ŵùңˮʵ
ˮߵɫй۲첢ûз쳣Ȼ඼αװرαװ֣ˮԼʶֻҪһı仯Ĳܸоûϸ֮ܵǰţ߲Ҳȥġ
Էıһôǿųġ
ֻһΣѾ֪˭ˣҲûпŵˡ̾ޱȵĽˮҲȥľˡ
ȥɣϻϹȥٶȿ죬ȥȻȥϢɡˮͷ˵
һ˿ʧҲûа취ˮ֮ûжãˮǾԵɣܷ֮κԼǷ֮ʲôѣҲԵɡ
뿪ıӰһӲ˺ܶ࣬Ǳֱͦıһӷ·ѹǧĴɽԵһء
ⲻװģһı仯ǰѹһҹ׷ֻҪĹؿͶ·ʱȻװҲûЧ
ˮѾȥˣҪȥһ·ɽķȣҲܵģ԰ѼеĴ򿪸ǰҹ˹һҶ˽
ȻŮʵҲǲһҶˮҲǿʵڵʵвҵӦò࣬һһ
ˮһ֮뿪ŮǶˮҪСģûʲô顣
ˮڹ˲ǲˣĻһи׼õĿڵԼԼֻ
У
ˮٶȺܿ죬ԷȻʱʱ䣬ˮȣҪԷһͻϮΪеԭ򣬶Էһ뵽Լôĵȡ
ǰĻҪһʱʱ䣬൱ٶȣԷʱʵڶԷˮҪʱһЩʱܵ
ˮʱҲǶԷɽеоҲ֪⴫˵һԶսַĲһַֻǲ֪Ϊʲôѵ£
ˮѾ˷ȣΪ̫ˣԽǿԽܸоǿֲ¶һ㣬һԻһᡣ
ȺܴˮеͿһ޴ɽȣػɽʯǰɫ·ǱչһźܶĻľ
ľҲзľҲһֻصĲϣܶطõϣҩԴһЩҲҪ
˵ˮƺܵ󷨣Լĸок嫵ϢһǿƵϢеԺһ㲻ȫһ
ˮûηηŶԷúܶ취֪ԼѾˣո˵ֱ˷С
ˣɣˮ󣬵ȴǿԴԶԶ
ˮôĵöԷܳԾģҲһʱһǰɽ𣬴
أҪˡˮ˵
û̸ʸ񡣡ԷĮϡ
ˮü类˶סĸоܲˬϲ˰ڲֻܱ˰ڲֻǵɽȥ
ΧĿһ㣬һɹɵˮϮˮ˵治ʲôĵǶԷôԸԼ
ܴ⣬ʱһ˺ܼ򵥵ģϣǲҪԼɲˣоԼϤӦǽǸоγֵǽӦòôصĶԸԼ


1815 ʯ̿ͣһ
ȻˮԼģЩģϾһЩδ֪Σղĵġ
ˮѾԼʵ۷壬ȻŷȸȥߵĲ죬ǿʶΧһĳˮʶС
ͼǿҲˮоЩŵԭΧһ¾ߴ֮̿·һЩûá
ٴףˮʶгһһСɽһʯͷʯͷˮʶɽǺɫģʺɫ
ˮʶһɱΣյĲŻֺɫƽʲôɫʲôɫһ˻ɫֻжɱĲŻΪɫ
ˮкԶľѾСɽһĴڣСɽйŹ֣ˮѾܵСɽϵϢ
ʯ
һʯͷһޣǻޣʯͷûʲôǰʯ֮඼һġ
ʯǿ󣬲ᾫĹΪ˲ǣھϵֿһٶȿرǹٶȡ
óɱ䣬ڲ֪иһ
ֻʯˮ֪ԷѾ͹ԼʵǺ棬ԷôԸ˵ģϾ˵ʵôöԸġ
֪˵ʵҶ֣ôԷӦҲкʵµĴڡ
ˮѾʯʮˣˮʲôҲûзɻǰȥʯǵʯеˡ
Ϊˮܵʯ滹һɫӰˮʶʵĶСʵһģһһһʽǿԿ
ǵӰϢǿҺϬˮֻΪϧʲô̿ɱԼֱǿʶ¶ûõģŪɳ׾ٴ֮̿ƵȻ޴档
ˮӰѾȫıǾ޴ʯͷӰӸסˣʯûκζˮ֪Էһᶯֵġ
ˮӰѾҪ߹ʯûж
ˮӰѾ뿪ʯһߡߡʮߣ
ʱ޴ʯͷͻȻ˹ɽһƾ޴ʯͷһֻ޴ʯˮײ˹ȥ
ٶ𻨣籼ף޴ʯ޹֮»һ޵ɱϢ
ˮ۾ʶпĿ޴ʯ޵Ĺ켣һɲӰӰһѻɫģذĹ켣ԼĺĨȥ
ѣʯ쾪
˵ʵ治ߵǴ֮̿ǿܶҲźܴʤ㣬ֻʯûʧ֡
ˮӰһֱûж޴ʯСɽͷһͷ­֫ҪסˮʱˮˣԿʯ޵Ĺ켣ӰһɵĶ㿪ʯ޵Ĺ
㿪ʯ޵ĹǡõĶ㿪ذףذ׼ǲŶ߹ȥģˮ˵ⲻ꣬̽
̫ޣ
ž
һˮִǴ̿͵Ҹ¡
Ҹµ߹ϵĴ֮أһˮĸܵ߹ǱˣǶϣ顣
˷һƺߣذ׵ȷʵɽģ޴ʹɫƽˮʱſСߡ
ͷףвٺ˿ͨӰСһһ͸оּ֮
ϸоԷɱǶǳһֻˮǰĺܶȫûˡ
أ˭
ˮ˵
ˮĻ˵꣬Ǿ޴ʯٴˮȥˮһ˿ͣƽսꪳУȻֱһɽǾ޴ʯͷ
ȫһ
ˮȫһǺֲܿģֻʯˮ֮Ĳ໹Ǻܴģһ޴ʯ޴ͷ­ֱӱˡ
ʯʱҲٴζˣ˲ǶôӰ֣Ҳûʹ࣬ĮȻ
ٲ˵Ҳɱ㣬˻˵ġˮųеĻƽսĵסĹ
߻ǲ˵еʽԽԽϬֻǲڣˮǰˣܿ챻ˮһϢ
Ǹߣ֪Ϣɣ⡣ǸٴˮûɱǸߣⱲҲҲòɱ˵ˡ
ģб³Ūװʲô°˶ġˮݳ
һͻ֪ǲǹŪ飬ԻȥҲû档Եˮġ
ˮֻ˵ҲǸʡ͵ĵƣƺץסԼģ֪ԼһҪ˵ģΪԼһǰߣǿҲ
ԼƺˮμߣҪԷҪʲô취Ը˭Ц


1816 ɴΣ
ɽӳǰһɽȣɽ֮ɶһǿɱ֮⡣
ˮֹסŲʶˮǰһ޴ĺɫǺɫģѪɫɢһ˶ɵϢ
󷨣ɱ
ˮܵ󷨵Ϣһһµ󷨣ͻȻˮˣӦǱסģȻԷѶԸ˵ġ
ˮͣʱǵ𣺡Ҳ㣬ǰǾɴУȥɣ
ûп˭֪ڲУ㵱Һƭ
ˮ˵ʱŬĸӦΧԷһֻġ
ˮһ̨ʯԷײ̨ʯڷĶеġ
Ųţ͵Ÿʬɣˣɲֻһ˵ģ᲻ᷢⲻ˵ЩɫϢûǴõġ
˵ǵЦˮƺڿЩķɫˮѾɫķų˼ֻʷ䡣
ɽмֻʷöԷע⣬ˮֻҪҵ˵ȻҲܼäĿȻȲ˻Լȥ
С
һߣһֻʷѾΪ˻ҽֻˮǿʶѾסϢʶ˳ϢѾҵ˶ԷĲ֮
ˮʶеˣӦһʦͲǺܴҲģλһˮûλãԶˮʶλãҺ֮ǰдһ֡
֮⻹һһĴ֣ڵ̼ͷˮҲкˣڴڶ˵ףֻǾ̫ˡ
ˮʶһ߶ϸͻᷢʶڲϵ˵λýӽֻǺ
ˮƺ󷨽ӽ˲ӽΪ˸ףʵڳȥҲףһ
һΪںأҲ̰֮
ǵٴһˮ˵ľǸʦԿ촽
ֻ˵͸оԣˮѸٵǳһǺԶľ룬գ۵ʱˮѾ嵽ǵǰ
ŹˮһǺԶľ룬Ѿߡ
ڴӴһһ˫޴ȭͷˮȥ
ˮϴһ˿Цͬһȭҳȥ
ԣ
޴ĳֱӽǺ̿ͷĵɳȥǸʦΪƺҲУֱܣҪ֪ʦܻ׺ܶࡣ
ӰһʧԭأȻֱӳں̿ͷץסٴһߵʱ򻹲һ䣺бץҡ
͹ˮˮҲǸʦ򵥵ٲ󷨲˦ˮˮЦһ˲ֱӳ˵ǰָ˵Ѩ
ѨѨˮȻҪǣٲȥȻûָȥҲǿѪ
ˮȻǴ̿ͣȴűϸѸٸɱ˰취ĴѨϾһֲսҿԽʹãڤľ
ֹڤ̫ȭҲѨϾٶȿԺ׵ʤǿ䲻⣬ʤ
˵ɣʲô˶ԸңԸ֮񣿡
ˮΧŹ֮ڣҲܲ
ߣ
ʦһ˵
ˮ¶һ˿΢Цϵ˼ָ˵ɫͱˡ
ֻ˺ҧ䶯һʹжĵĸо޷
Ǹһĺڴ󺺸ǿŵĲҽУ·𿴵ʲħֲһ
ʦҲò˰յʱڴ󺺾̲סĽе˵˵
ˮŲæĽ⿪ڴ󺺣Ȼ˵Ǿͽ⿪˭
ʦҲܲסοҲûã˵Ҳ˵
˵ˣһ
ˮЦ˵
û֪ϸ
˵ܽζһҲܡ
ˮ⿪Ҫľ仰
˵ɣ˭ҪԸ˺ң
ˮƽ˵
ŻӰ󡣡
˵
ˮٴεѨǸ̿ͷҲûзŹٴγ֮ǰζˮ֮ǰʶܵ˵˻Ӧ˵˻ѡ
ûӰ󡣡
̿ͷæ˵
ˮֽ⿪˵˵˵ҿ׼ȷĸоûһλᣬȻҾá
ˮʱбħҪħħĥ˵ķӶûôݡ
ôˣ
ˮƽʵлǺܵĵġ
Ҳ֪ŵλͽﶼ棬˹ƺӵ˺ôοЩҩҲӰ졭
Ǽأ
ǰʳҩˡ


1817 
ˮһֻϰˮ뵽˵ϵʣһĴҩӦûãֻǶԷһĴҩ
ˮҲڿֱӽ˴裬ϵľûԼǻָⱲӾһˡ
ɴ֣أ˾ԱھأȻҲһˮ֪һЩģԶʱĲӦñ֮ǰǸʦˡ
ҲˮûɱԷԭһͨ󷨵Ǿ޴ģˮȵȿǲշܵĻǾֻˡ
Ҳ䲻ڣֻмһЩԪضѣˮϻûмܳԼģֱӽɴ
ˮ֮ûжʦǸڴǰһˣ˷·ƾճһ㣬Ȼóһҩʦ
ˮһܾȣΪҩȻʦָɣҩܵҲر𣬽пġ
ҩʹһлָֻаʱԪȻͻѪɵҩһܾλ
ʹ˿ĵ˻ӿߵκηԸ
ŪһҲܳͳһ˵˻Ƶͳеһ㡣
ЩͣվʼΧΧӼʲôǴӿռóһЩĲʲͣĸı󷨡
ˮ󷨾͸оһأ治һһһ㣬һһء
ţ
ˮ߽ȥʱоԼһ
ʮֹ
ӦҲɴصɣΧôûио˵˵Ϣʶת۷壬ȻʼѸٵд
ֹˣ޺ʷ˳
Ի꣡С˼
ˮͻȻΧĳٴα仯ͻȻƱɫеϵԶޣԶŶޣǣǵء
ˮ֪Ի꣬ǱͺʵһȻ󷨵ǿ˵֪Ի겻û£ƻᱻɱ
ʵ飬еͨ󷨻ûģʵĹһζĵֵҲɱ
ԽĳϵǣǾɴĿ֮
ˮֲͣĴţϵĴ󣬺ܿǰһ͹ȥξ룬зƽ˾һУô¡
ˮˣ֪ǸŮ˻᲻󷨣棬һ鷳
һ㱻ˮѸٵ꣬ûзʲô޺ˮһٶ˺ܶ࣬ԥĵ㡣
ʱˮ⵭ġǾɴ󣬽ͻᱻУ֮ǰûüϸµҲǿܲ˵ģҲܶܶˡ
õʱһطˣһصʱеصʱˮǿʶֱӿһۣرϢ󷨵ʱŻȥȻֱƹȥ
еһһž
أˮֱֶһطû󷨣ˮڵٶֻÿֲݣȻܴ󣬵ˮڵٶʲôҲ㲻ϡ
أ
أ
ÿһضһرһҶʲôӦоУӦԻԻ󣬽ȥĻǾ;һˡ

ɫ̺޳سɱеѾо಻ˣҪӦΧǿޣΧм޵˲ʱº֡
ĸУһ߳ߵ󺺣󺺲ڣһ׳Ĵ󽣣ʱĳȫһ
һ·ٵһ㡣
⻹ߣвͣ˵ʲôƺǷλÿ˵ʱǸ󺺾ͻѸٶ㿪ʱͻһƬɱ
˶Ȼǿе챾ҲˣԽġ㡯ͻᷢĿ죬㲻Ǳһͻ֪Щ¥˵޻Ҫһٱʱ˵ĵ⡣
Ůˣ̫Σա󺺳˵
֪ҪϵΪôŮɱ̫ϧˣ㲻ģҲ󺺣ٺ˵
ҵȻģҸꡣ
˱ýɫѿ
һ֪ʲôۣһ᲻һźС㡣аȵĿźڴ˵
ðŮ˲һĻġڴһ˵ʱѾմѪ֪Ļ޵ģʱѾҡҡ׹ĵزˣǿ֮ĩֻǿһš


1818 ˸ˮ
֮յĶһεĹϬȻеĿΧѾʱԱ׼ҲԼõ
ͻȻԺгһӰˮ֪ԼʱΪʲô뵽ˣϣܲҪǵĵ
˶ҪǸɱһûܡƺ֪˵Ĵ㣬ֱ˵
񷢳̹ǵĺ䶢Ž̺ȴɢʱɱ˵Ļﲻ֪ɱٴˡ
˵ɱû⣬ԻУдˣԷǻնƭɴУ㡣
һ˵ĸоһϮһֺеĸоܣȣıסʲô
ͻȻȻȥΪʱֻԵʾ޻ӹˣѡһĽǶȻ
˵Ѿǿ֮ĩˣҩʵ˲ٵۿۣŬıֻܿԶž޻ȴǱܲ󺺵Ĺ
ԣ
˵嵹ɳȥһѪһ˳ȥ

ЦſѾ׵ˣȻ󻺻˹ȥסҪ⣬֮Ӧú
ǾٵȵȣѾеȲˡһƬ죬ǹȵ˷ܡ
ȻɣΧôȴ˳ȥ
˵Ͼǿߣϵ·ҲǷƷϵĹͷѾ˺ܶദĹѵýƺӵ˷ˡ
ˣȥˡﲻһе˳ȥ
˽ˡ
ѾŮ˵һУѾһϢҲΪɵͨϢѾĸоǰôǿ󣬵һֻ׵ĸ
̽뱧ˣɾʱȴȻ˫ۣһ꺮һӣ񣬷·һ㡣
һ̷·мһ㣬˫۱ܵıϣʱ˵һֱ𡭡
λƺǽ˫м䡭
ˮֵʱǿһŵһȡ
ž
ˮ嶼һһֲĲҽеɳȥʱһĴѾԥ޴мȥ
Ѿı۾

̶ľ޴󽻽˾ȵ۾Ϳ֮ǰһǴ󺺺ĵɳȥд󺺿Ѫȥʱ١
ˮ˵ӻǺܵģŭޱȣرǴ֣ˮȻҲˣֱʹһ
Ǵܳܵģߵ壬󽣵ֵ˲ٵ˺Ӳһɱ
˲ţôǿһУ
ˮÿʹһΣҪһֱʹǾ̫޵ˣֻʹһҲǿֲޱˣһǿɱﵡ
ɫҰ׵վ˵һֱӽ׵ı˷ˣߵ̶ȣԿƾֲʹʵѾˡ
ֵҩ׹ǣܲ³Ǹ˭Ҳ֪Ҳû˳ԣñ˳Եҩ̫󣬾ǱõҲ᲻ҩء
ǿزûǸܣǿΣʲô塣
һתܡ
ˮȻܵģǿ󣬵ˮϸǿ󣬼˲ͽƷӳȥ
￴ˮԼľսֱӱˮҲ˳ȥ
ˮصߵʱѾŬɫ԰Ǳȴһ޵̺졣
ˮһοŮǱʹôǱûױȣˮְסˮȵûκεĲʡ
ˮѸٵһЩѨȥַĹͷλιһƬҶӡ
˵ۿɼĻָȻָܻȫʢʱڣҲһ룬ֻҩЧԽԽǿҡ
ˮ߳󷨣Ի˻нﶼţǸŵĴѾˡ
ߵߣֱ̧һ̤ϡ
꣡
ҽһˣҩɽģϧǸС˵
˵ŽЦ
˻ֱӽɱеŭ޷йﻹڿЦ̧ŽһҲȶϡ
ߵ˵
ʱ仰ڽ˺Ǻܴ󣬽һӵˣرɷʹ
һɧӾͻƲס㲻𣬵ʱԼᱻŵ
ǿġһ仰ֱýסڡ
ͻȻһ˿ѪȻ󻺻ĵȥǲʡ


1819 ˣŮ˵ļ
ˣˮûѹĻ߹ȥֱý˼£˹һãȻĿΧһС
ˮѾ֪ˣûնŵĴ󺺺ϻƭɴУֻһƵ󷨣Ǻֲܿ
ˣǳȥɣ
˵
ĿŽʬ壬ͻȻƺ˺ܶ࣬˫Դ˵һˮ˾ȵĻ
ôȻǸɵӡ
ˣ
˾ȵĿŻ˵
ˮʶ̽ȥ־Ȼ˰˳ɣҲ֪ǲø֮ǰԼûҽȻҽǿ󣬵ҲʲôƵģЩΪҲǲתġ
Һ㡣
Ŀˣһ˲ƺ˺ܶ࣬ͻȻһ΢ϵˣ֮ǰ꣬ҲǸղ꣬Ǻġ
ȴֻվ˵ĩˡ
̾ܺˣҲͷˣˡ
ɥĲ๼
￴Žʬ޺޵˵
ȻˮһϹлл
ˮæ֮ǰȻɵһȴǿԼ𣬼Щĺܶ飬ֻǲ֪ôһ
ţ
ˮΧЩ仯
ɫӳ죬ˮָ˴ƣȴĵ׵ǷԽǿңںã֪ô졣
ǿ뿪ɴͣһȥҲȥˡ
˵һģɵˮҲ֪ǹģɺϣˮֻоһǿҵϮһζòˮҡ
һ̣Ұ
ˮ˵
Ϣһ￹ƿˮƺܿƣ˵֪˵ʲô
֣ҡ
ˮᱧȻѸٵȥɫӵһ£ͷͬʱ̾ƺ˦ʲôһѸٵĸˮȥ
ˮٶȺܿ죬ʱĻͷʶƿ󷨻ΣյĴڣΪѾûʲôʱˣ۷֮ǰҪȥȻľͱˣȥ֪ʲôʱء
˶ֽţǹعǰˣ󵶡
ˮһԻˮֱӽһ塣
ѵĵʯȻֱһһ߳ȥֱӽԶһطըһЩҲٵ
̤
ˮ̧һֱӽٵҲʱ磬һʱٵˡ
һˮȥʱ仹Ǻ̵ܶģûʲôֻͣǵˮ˺ͻʱ򿴵֮ǰİʦͺ󺺶֮˺ܶࡣ
⼸ǿеˣ˳ˣǸ˶пܣ˷֮˶пܣ˵Сһ㡣
ˮֱӻص˷֮ˮŻ˵˶˶ˣȥⶾ
岻ɲһŷˮûж˵ͷţȻػˡ
˵Ѹ뿪ˣһҲȥԼϲŮ˺ͱܵ飬Լѡ
ɣԼ
һĸԼԼ䲻֮ǰ˵ķӦϿˣԼֹܣԼⶾ𡭡
ˮŻ뿪Ӱҡҡͷ
ķ
ˮʵ
棡
˵Ͳţˣһ˿
ˮҡҡͷһֱȥһСԺľ徻ؽ˲ţСԺֻһߵС¥ǴĻɫ߽ȥǸ
ΪһסԭС¥󣬿ȻҲ󣬿ֻһɳһŲ輸֮ʲôҲûС
ˮɳϣ˱û֡
˵ҪҪ˸쵰
̺һͻȻ̧ͷˮ
ˮһ㶣ŬԼ侲Ů˶ջģԼԭ򣬾֮ΣħһĻȫԼơ
ͻȻһ㣬ˮһ£ܿϾһۣŮ뿪Դˮһ˿
ѾҪûʶҩ˺Լ·뵽˵Ļʧ֮Ķ顭
ˮһŮǼûһ˿΢ľͷðһ亹ֱӽŮ˵Ρ
ҡҡͷεĿЦһ£Ů̫ǿʵ֮ǰˮҲûдˣìܣϲĳ֮Σƺһһֱջ
̾ˮʼŮ˵·ȻһЩ·Ҫѵġ


1820 ˲
Ѿû̫ʱ䣬ˮҲٽʲôܿİ˵·£ֻ㡣
ˮһȻѪȷʵѪֻŮ޷ݣ޳ˣļ֬ů񣬵Կ϶֬ůûŮ˵ļá
ǺǿյŮ·һϢţ߹ѾŮ˭ػҲֻɥĲĽŻòβаͷ
ˮеĽ벻ͣ£˫־Ө񣬲ͣҪѨλðѹãΪҽߵĴ񼼡
ˮͷðΪּҪĥŮ˵ȫȻЩطһ㱡ϰϸĴѾ尾
ʱһĹȥƵѾȶˮﻹе㽾ģһǽԼҽԼĶ
֪ѾȥʱˣˮѾͣˣûüȴͻȻۣ˫ǿһвʧ䣬˲ֱӣڵˮɸо𾪺еԲλࡣ
Լ룬ֻ˺٣ˮָоԼ·𴩵ĺһ
˺ƽûʲôţرǵͷԼʱȻе㲻ȻˮǿĸоԷƽˡ
һ侲Ůˡ
ˮ̾һ
Ȼܽ㣿
˾ȵĿˮ
ˮû뵽ĶȻ㣬ԼɾоһϽ㣬ֻ֪Ե
ѵ㲻ϲַʽ
ˮװͰ͵˵Ǻġ
һ㶣ôˮе㼱ٵĺ֪ΪʲôʲôϹһ˿΢Цͷ
ͷȴǿˮŵ֧һӺ͸ˣȻ£˵ʲôҲ֪˾ȻţŶñķ
˵ĸопģижΪ˲˺Լѡķʽ
̧ͷεˮÿĴǣ֮ǰԼǵúҧһ£ţﻹеӡ
ˮæʼ֪ģʱܹؼ˻Ծûе£ողȶˡ
лл㣬Ǹˡ
΢Ц˵
ʵ治ˣ̫ܣ̫ˡ
ˮҡͷ󷽵Ρ
ˮЩ˼ûֹжһֵֹֹĸоƺһӺߵúܽƺϤϤʵӿʼڼĴҲΡ
ʱˮվʼΪ˰룬һİ˲һյʱ䣬һţˮ֮ľܽܽʱҪֽӴļ
ʱ򲢲ֱӰεͺˣ˲ûΪˮռˣռ˸ղȫռռ׵ģԼûʲô˵
˶е㿴͸ˣ˵ԼûȤ֮ǰִٵķӦеǿĸܵ
е㲻֪˵Ǹʲôˡ
ɲԻشһ⣿
˵
Ȼԣ
ľûĸ취ң
ԥһ²С˵
ˮһͷߣʵҲҸоá
쵰Ҿʡ
˲
һٶΣˣˣװɣ֪㲻ͱŮ˷ˣŮˣ¿Ǿ˺þòģû뵽ˡ
ˮĿˡ
ˮһŮ˵Ը΢΢е仯֮ǰô׽֮ǰǿյ£־ǰĸоȴǷһˡ
ˣúϢһ°ɣҪˡ
ˮպվЦŸ
ҶˣԵİɣ

ˮ쾪ȵĴܶˣе˼·Ů˵ˣκõͷ
ˮֱӰɾеĶóܿ˼ˡóһ㲹ӵľƣһͰ˲輸
ΪһɳˮֻܺţڵѾȥϴ˸裬һһŷ˵ط
ĺܽǼż
ллҡ
˶Ʊˮʾ⡣
ˮЦЦƱһ£ÿ̫˾Զˡ
Ұ㵱õѣȺΣǸˣϧ̫ˣȻһᰮġ
˻˵ɣʲôˮͲ֪ˡ
ú𣬺һûкñҺ̫ԿԺ˲ˣһľҸоرĺڣǱ


1821 Ӱ󣬴֮̿
û˵ֻһ˿Ц⣬оɣһֻҲ˺ܶණƺڻŵӿ͸һЩ
ǰ˵Ұ߶ȣҲ˵߶ȾҰʵŵģ֮ǰֻ޷߳Լļÿ˶ԼȥĿ˵Ŀ
ȻûȥѾҲסˣʱһ߳
ˣ
ˮܵ˵Ϣ˱仯ȵĿ˵
źܽˮ֮ǰڵô߳أʵˮռܣһǺõģǿ߳ңҲҪʱ䣬һֱӴ߻ĸңԼһػںĶûˡ
ˮʧ˲˿ʱ֪ԼҽҽȲñİ취һġ
ˮҽΪҪ£ڿҲ
𣿡
Цſˮ
ţƯˣҲϲЦˣҿȷеĸоĴڣ֮ǰ߶ĸо
ˮǺЦ
ˮ˵ʱҲ֪ǹĻģǸ˵еء
˺ˮһȻ˵ͻȻоƺһЩ
˵ʵһ˵ΪˮŸоһЩ
ˮȻҲ֪ûô֪˲ϲԼϾԼѾŮˣҲ֪ģѾˡ
֪Ѿ˰ˣˮ֪Լˣվˮһȥ
ݾǲȶҲ֮ǰƽˣˣ֯Ӧÿųˣﲻ͵ˣǸ𣿡
ˮʱ뵽ʡ
ӦˣʿǣҪΪȥָ
֮ǰԷʱ˵һЩ
ָƨǻûȥǷҪġ
ˮݵ˵һ䡣
³
˿ĵЦ
ЦܺÿԺЦЦˣˣӰʵ⼸˽ǣѾˡ
ˮͣһ˵
ǰ٩ˣ棬һ£ʵ̫ģ֮ǰ̫³çˡ
ˮ֪³çǱ̬ȣټ϶ԷûҪЮҲԼţֻû뵽Է㣬һûз˵

ȥ·ˮһֱ˭ɱǸʦŵĴͷ벻ҲͲˣԼСĵڵʵڷݺвԼ
صһжΧҲˣһֱ˵ûʲôȻǾͨΧж磬СӾͲˡ
֮ˮٴλص֮ǰƽƺݵķƺûκιϵһֻ֮оǲϵʵ
ݵĴս񴫳ߣֻˣˮûаȥ֪Ůܲʰ
Ů˺ҲǿֻˮоеѶȣսʺŮˣϣǱߵֵһ̳е
ڤеȣͥͻɢҫ۵Ĺâ˵Ϳ죬Ѿ˵һֱͬǰˡ
ҲˣϾѾһȫĳˣźܶǿޣʵҲǺǿûһУȫԼˡ
ʵҲԼˣһԶŵ࣬Ļһа飬ڤȴһⷽҪǿ١
˵ʵ۳ѾȹˣرȣԽʱһѸٵǰ׶һֱ۷壬м䶼ͣһͣġ
ʱ꣬಻ᳬ꣬ˮеġ
ǵٶȱˮеС׼ףҲѸٲ٣ˮ翪ҴϷһټˮͻᱻ˦һ֡
û촫ϢڻѾ˷֮
иˮ֪Դ֮Ҳ뿪ˣҲ˷Ͱ˶ˮŮˡ
ûнͣҲûбҪ͡
ˮ˵ľˣҲǻľˡ
ϲ֮˲˦ˣмŻҪָ֮㱻ţȻӰˡ
ӰǺܺãȫǴ̿ͣ˵ֻҪеʵĶǴ̿ͣ˲࣬ʵֲûԸһȺͨɱ֮ˡ
ݾͳ֮һʱʱֶԸӰΪȫһ˶ԷǺͻ鷳


1822 ҩ
ȻԷôǣ֮Ҳ˭۸ġ
ˮҲǶôģرڵľ仯Ҳˮˣˮһʱ䣬һʱʱҲߣߵʱľͰˡ
һûмӽⳡˮʵϣԶҪӽȥδȻʵҪģЩɼ˳涼ˡ

ˮɾзеҩĻﻹеССļΪҩܿҪˣһɾоܴﵽ
ôˣҩϱţҪȴһţȫǣЩһֱǳһЩʱҩǾ顣
ӵ΢ˣˮſϣ֮ǰһȿ˵ʵ̫ˣ֮ǰǼ㼸ӣǧ֮ľ飬һǼ㣬ʲôӵٶ㣬˼ٵ㣬Ҫ֪һҩʱ仹Ǻܾõġ
ǰһζǼٵľ飬Ҫ˲иС٣ˮİ졣
ҩΪǾʵ̫ˣһֻһľ飬ҪǿǿǼֲ
ǵʱˣƾҩôѸ㣬ӦҲǺǿģȻԲ࣬Ȼ꣬ˮ˵꣬ŪһҩҩҪˮֱӿѪˡ
Ϣһᣬ˵㶫ˮٴͶ뵽ҩУ¯ǵʱõģǻ͸Լġ
ÿο¯ˮرĸоͻ᲻Ȼ뵽ͻ飬رǸʶԼ˼֮顣
ֻôһ㣬ˮҲӾôһ㣬ʱһĹȥԽٽоĻš
ˮѾܾûôˡ
Ϥöˮоֶ֮ǰһֱڵһֱɴ಻ˣһɾҩ
ˮҲϲƣֱӳʶֱӿǷҩ
ʥ޹֮Ȫϵʯ顢ѩʮϵĹѪ
Ч׹ǣԽһϲ֮һĲȫһڲСɵȫ
ˮãǷ죬ѾǾԵˣ׹ǵҩˮûм
ҩˣֻҪǵͷǶϱӦҲһȾͺѣֻҪǵͷҲѸٵκá
õĸоòŻعȻˣֻŸˣѾҩһֻһҩһŸʲôƳҩķӶѡ
ƲԼܣˮԼҩֻҩеĶˮеͷʥ޹ˮ˵еĶǴ½˵еĶ
˵еʵڴ½еģ紫˵ʲôģֻٶѣر٣رĳ˵еĶǾͺˣֻҴ˵ĶֻҪǴ˵УǶˮ˵ס
֮ȪˮǺģԼպӵ֮ȪҪȥҡ
ϵʯҲУ̷˹ϵɾд˲٣ʮϵĹѪеѣȻصȥңƽҩ껹һ㣬ʵڲпԵȻƽҩꡭ
Ǳѩˮû˵ɽѩֻһ֮ȴǴͬˮ⿴ˣǱѩ
ʣµĺܶ඼ҩ֮࣬ˮɾĴҲǺܶ࣬Ҫҵʥ޹ͱѩʮĹѪоǺѡ
ҩˣˮҲȥҩ׬ˣϧһʱʱֲƷɴϴϴɾе
ܶ౻ı
ͣ
̫õʱûõˣŮͼҲ˺ܶ౦
㣡
ɾСѾ˺ܶ೤㡣
кȣһкܶ඼ˮζǳԲģѾûЧˣԵ̫ˣӵǵ˵ˮϣҵĺܶСһﶼϡ
вٵ඼ǲֹʵҪṉ̀Ԫ
ǰһЩС˵˵ʲôҪʵǿʣ츳ÿ˵츳ͬǰеСʮ˸²ŻߣҲвʮ¾ͻߵģܶ඼ʮ¡
ˮвٵ츳ӵ٣ȴǺҪΪľǼαӣͷһĴηӼ㣬ȴǷ츲صı仯
츳ҪԣǲΪ߶ǺССʱûʲô𣬵֮һ֮Ĳȴǿϵݡ


1823 ر
֪¹ȥˣһˮҲǾ뿪ǰͺʱˡµʱ䲻㳤Ҳ̣ʱзһЩ飬ݺӶС
ˮǺܿĵģǿŮ˻еܵͣˮҲûиоʲôǸоĺܵͣǰȫڵǸʡ
ȫڲǾԵİȫ½ǿźܳԪҲһƽ⣬еĺܶǺܳʱ˰֮кӡ
ֻ׵Ĵ󸻴кܶãеʵƣǰŴĵгٵģҲкܶעġ
ȻģϾЩÿ춼û˷ѣرǺ伸Ů̡۳̨诼Ůûлϡ

ˮԸ⿴ǾĳϣҲûа취һҶǱħķȥ̨պ廹ڵˮ
з֮Ѿǳ׵ȶˮмȥ˲ٴΣ˽ʵٴһЩǰ׾ϴ裬ʵʵսʵһء
ǻҲõˮ޴İˮѷν˻û뵽رʺϣȻǷֽ֮ˣϧĺͷйصѧ
Ӱûб𣬵Ѿ֮˦ˣ׵˦ˡ
֮ʵ֮ͻȻֻ˼˵ʵ仯˵ʵ֮ǰҲǾԵǿ
ڸӿֲˣҪǽ֮ǰĽںˣֻǽз֮񣬾˵ǰûзֿʱǷ֮񣬺˽Ż
κģȻһжǽǴˣںϣ˵ǿģһһŮкǿġ
Ҳˮкݡһ̵ĸоָоǿңŮռ˴롣
ǰˮѾ˵Ҫ뿪û˵һ죬ֻ˵⼸죬ߵʱˮٸ˭ѻꡢҲ֪
ˮͱһҶվڤѸٵħȥ
űСһҶ裬ˮдҲ֪Сһûǲá
ʵʱ̨պҲȥңҵȻףǲˮŮ˲ҪҪԺһˮŮˡ
ħһҶŮϵرĺą̃ҲǺе¶Ц⣬ЦĴܶˣǰЦ
˶ϰˣһ˿Цһ꣬ǧ򲻵ġ
ˮʵľǿ̨ձСҲŮ˵ԣúȻȻı㣬ǻرĺÿ
СһҲСȥ̨յ
ţСӱ
̨յһӾͺˣݺݵĵˮһۣһҶЦǺǵĿˮ
ˮʵҲǶĶѡ
һҶҲе죬Ϊ뵽һЩЦõ飬ʱСһԡ
忴һҶģ̽ͷ˵һʲôһҶˣΪʱһˣɶˮʱҲûиоʲôŵ˱
һҶ嶼֪ˮǲǹġ
һҶ뵽˻еΪ飬뵽ˮѩ׵ķ͵龰һĻţǵõˮʱеζ
һŮ˺һ뷲ӣˮǺĿţ罭ˮһ
컹磬ŮҲûʲôʰģԺͻüս˴˸к˾һ·ˡ
ħħ̨ħ֮ĸоʵЩħĴһֱǻü
̨ƺȥѰչʵҲǣϲ˵ˮ֪һֱûз廢ڡ
ˮҲû廢ڵⲻ̨еӰͲܳ׵ҲһֱûᣬҲûǡ
ڵʵںҲһû廢ڵϢ
ûƺûʵںûǵλӴ廢һεĴڶûнӴ
Ⲣûˮ٣ж־ǸˣԼôıΪֻ̨عǰ׻ˡ
رҪ׵Ķ࣬Ϊ죬֮ǰͿЯˣַһ仯ûͻƣȻûͻƵЯƽ׵ĿռڵһĴڣֻҪΧϢĴڶᱻߡ
Ҳˣ˵ƽҲһ鲻Сĵط˵СףվĽһʮûκġ


1824 ̨ն
˲ֱӳǱµѨУһҶѾǵһҺͱˣҲǼʶ̨ո׳Ծˡ
һ¾ʡºܶʱ䣬ⶴк͵뿪ʱһģһɾ֣Ȼĸûʣﱻˮ˽ƣ˵ˮͼŮһۡ
ûаߵʱˮסڻͷѾȥʮˣԼѾܾûסȴˮݺͺһҪλãûˮҪѺܶʱ䡣
ﰤٺǣҲǺԶǱĿڣȥһ֮ңպǹ
ˮ뷢ԼѾǣ˲ٵĴڣڡ
ˮҲûдͣôʱˣҲȥպǲǻãֱӴһд˹ȥ
̨պҲȥպһȥŮ庮ҷҲڣǶúõˮҲͷˡ
ڱ֮ǰƺҪãϴβ£˵Ѳк󸣣ʵһĵģѧˮͲˣƶбʵϵѲкˮоһ̬ת䣬Ըת䡣
һ㾭һ֮ͻһת䣬رǰһûһ֮һѡһǾĻӻо̫֪ʲôʱûˣԻݵĻӻ
һ־ϧоһףҪϧĻţ׺ܶ飬һӻͷ顣
ֲһֶϷ˺ܴı仯
ڴ½ʵҲȻߵǵѪкܶһҲûо֮սϾ̫ˣֻ߲Ż᲻ʱľ֮սǵ̬Ѿ˱仯Ϊһ˵˺ܶ಻˵ĻӶºˮ֮Ѿ·ʲôϵһ
庮ҷǿĵĹˮһҶ軹кǿĵĽӹȥ㡣
ʱû°ɣ
ˮŮþͷˣҲʲôˣԾʡ
û£Ҳûжõʱ䣬ûʲô顣
ȻŮĄ̊́աʶһ£˵ӢϧӢۣʵŮ֮ҲĸоοŮʵǺֲܿʲô
Ů໥ˣȻͻŹֵĿˮǸоƯŮ˶ˣԼǺƯԷʱԼ˵˵ȶԷƯ
ˮʵҲȲȲһȲ֪ԼԵĲרһרһһӾֳܷеϲǸŮ˾ͻ߻ħһŮƯԸٿһۡ
˾רһҲ˵һ˵ȱۣȻҲ˵ǸŮ˸ħ䡭
ˮǰȻʵǺרһģоԼʵҲרһҲܵ˵޶š
ˮּŮҲһӷʢķˡ
գʲô㣿Ҫ
ˮ߳Աߺ͵˵
ǻһȻðɣ
˵
Ǻ磬Ȼ˵ûʲôӰ죬Ƕϲ½أļŮҲ졣
ʵˮҲֻ˵˵֪ϣ󣬵˵ȥãˮҲͷ뻹˵ûҪ໥ӦʲôѾҪ֪ͨ
İɣǶ֪
һҶ˵
ţ֪
һҶЦſˮζˮһ˵Ŀġ

Һȥ￴Ǻþûһúİɣҹʱͻ
ˮԹŮ뿪˵
ţСġ
ٺǣ
պȥٺرĽûһ͵ˡ
ѩ裬ٺѩˣⲻ֣Ĵ󲿷ֵǳ궬죬ٺƵٱµͣѩĴҲ١
ˮãѩ裬һƬװعߵŮر̨ѩһ˵ĺг·Χһ
ƣϢ
ˮԽԽȣͻȻˮѸʧȻ۲¾Ź
̨վڱѩؿѩƺʶһеţΧһ˿ıľϢ˳İٻӡ

ǲǽҾˣ
ˮʵ
֮ǰˮѸٱ뿪ֱþ뿪ģ循ʱѾںԶԶĵطˡ
ˮҪ˵ҪȻѸٵĸ̨һʱ䣬ԶĬĬע
˸ǿֻǲ֪״̬ãҪʱ䳤һǺô޷ݡ


1825 ̨ǿ
ʵҲ֪֮ǰûˮôķ֣ڿ̨վڱѩأƺſеѩһ
ˮѾΧһֹˣʱ䲻ָʮ궼һΣеĺô̥ݡ
һһһζǵõ컯ˣǰ˵һسɷ𣬿ɼǶôǿ
ȻǰҲǿţ򣬴󳹴ʶ츲صı仯ڴ˵ǰ棬ǰʥˣǱͨҪöܶܶ࣬˵еڲ˾޴ı仯˵ı䣬һ˵ÿĶкܶ磬Сǧ磬ʥеˡ
֮ˮҲ˶򣬶һһΣÿһζ򲻵ôԸѣ·ǴԵõ˴ĿǿȵȸȫһʵķԾ츳ҲһΡ
ǿɵҩ
ʱһĹȥһˣˮﻹǺܼģһѾܲˣһӵʱ任ƽʱҲʮӵʱ䣬һڵһƺ
ʱʱģһʱ൱ǰСʱˮʵϰǰСʱʱÿʮʱ
ʱҲһֱû˵ȻҲϲ̨ոǿǿõĽã˵Ӱ롣
һӵʱȥˣˮĵ̨ڶУˮûü˱仯̨ͻȻһѩ׳
Ů֮
̨ˮһʱõŮװ
裡
ˮ̨ĸо֪ûдӶгرĸˣѾˣھõĺôѾ㹻ˣڿֹˡ
Ľ趯һ֮ɶ͸˿һĶ˳ˮ֪Կֲǿ֮Ҳеۺ壬ˮϬǽǿϢľ񱩵ڻ𣬺ص
̨յĽԽԽ쵫ȴǺرĺãľѾ˺üΣǿΪĽȴǶΧѩûκεӰ졣
ֽԪ;õ¯ˮҲǸ̾һҪܴţȴǿһȭӤƺǡһԴţ˿Ժܺõһֱ϶ˡ
һֽת£΢ľ磬Ȼ̨յ֮ǰľ粻֪˶ٱ
˲еʱ̨ͣϵϢ΢ޱȣһ˵ϡ
ţ
ˮȵķ̨ϸܵһֺˡʥƵϢȻû˺ʥǿ󣬵Ѿܽӽˡ
һ̨յ˵һǧһֲķԾһ;ھ֮ǰסˡ
ȻǰڵףǱƣ羮֮ܣھ׸оȻڵ죬ŵ磬Ҳ⣬о׵һ硣
Ǿ⣬ԺܶͣͲǰͻƲ˾磬޷߸ԶıĶȾ׵ܱĵԶ㿴ҪȾ׵ܿԶĴĲ֪ٱ
Χһƽ̨ջͷһ۾ͿԶˮ壬һصɫʣ޵ϢһЭ
ȴ
ˮ¶һĨĵЦ⣬ˮѾߣˮ΢ЦſرĿģС׬ˡ
̨ɫһˮһۣĲİ
ҲЦ˵ֺã˵Сرء
ˮεЦЦСԴˡ
˭Դˡ
̨ȴǺܿЦ˵ˣȥðɣһͺˡ
˺ܿ͵һûʲô仯֮ǰʱҵʱ䣬ʵǺܶˣʱҲûʲô仯
̨ڵʵˮоӦúԼ£Ӧв磬Գ˶ʮʵսܴﵽˮʵֻʮʵսֹ
ͨ˿ˮ˻ȻرģѾУ⻹ϴߵʱˣʱͲ༸ˣ¹ȥˣ²͵ʱˡ
ͨȻܿģҪ֪ڱмӣȻȵʵԽԽǿпܳûã½Ӳ١
ʵǿʱãһ츳ܺãӶرģֻ˺ӿģĵ˼̳Լ²ӦòǴ½˵ĵط


1826 Űߴߴ֮
ͨǰˮȵڸԼϴһ£Ȼ̨պкף֪ŮˮŮˡ
һֱˮòԷŮԵ̨ŮҲǲб뷨һ޷Խĺ蹵
ʵ֪ˮǵ̨շĻҲ뷨
ŮҲܾõʱ䣬ȻұȽ죬ҲһͥһˮﵱһңֵܣҲоҵĸоһ̶ĳ˵ϲ㡣
ˮŮ˵Ѿܾûˣ֮ǰҲǻûͣŮסһʱħˡ
һˮҪúסһʱ䣬պܽܽͨӳ֮ǰԼһֱɡ
ȻؼȥպҲǺܷģˮȥǰȥһ̫ˡ
һ뵽ͨĺӿҪˮ̲ס뵽ѪŮʣҲĸ˰ɣ˦˦ͷԼ⡣
ʱΪͷ˺ܾãû뵽һλַŲ£֪ԼôǲǺӳʱȥһˣ
ʱˮĸоԼѶϣ飬޷ᣬ¶ԷаѪŮѪŮʣˮΨһʳһ˵ѪҲΨһѪ
֪ԼʲôҲ֪ԼʲôΪԼľܸˣΪɺƾԾΪԼʲôˣΪʲô鶼ȷʶΪԼʲô鶼ܴ
ˮסǶڣŮˮǺصģһĸףˮ֪Ҳû츳һͨˣȴһΰĸס
ˮֱӰ쾳磬һЩĺӶѾʼˮƺһߵĺܽ
һ䲻ǺСΪǿԵģȻˮûȣҲǸ߼ߣڵҽǿҽ
Ҳվ飬˺ᣬȻ˼ӣһЩԻǺᣬ˵ˮʵյʲôġ
ʹˮҲЩףϾĸӵˣԼ̻¸¥ƺҲʮٲ
ˮֻǿһЩͷûȷҲû֪ӱһĸӲףˮͱˣˮĹˡ
ˮеģʵˮҲȰҸϾᣬʱºίڻǺӴˣСѾͷҲʮˡ
ҪһһǼӵʦǺõĲˣ͸ù˼ˣԺǵĺӣôһѪԵϵˡ
ЩˮɣҲǿٳɾܳɵģˮҲ⿴ʵҲоһʺġ
ֵôôһ治ףһ
ˮϴλֱˣںȲ顣
һҲڣӳɲҲڣҲƱȻУҲǶ΢΢ô϶ǰûеʥࡣ
÷Ʋӣ廹кô
ȵҲԵʱһҩͯ˽үǸŰߵˣ˵ҪǲΣͲÿš
ˮϢһ㶣ϴǵûûʲô飬ؼ¾۸ˣĿһͨˡ
ʱ̾˵ҲʮǰһŰߵãһβǸ˻һûΣ˵βòÿţǺ֣Ȼִ򲻹Ҳûǡ
˵еΣϾ򲻹ˣ˶ţβöԷ
ˮ۾һ£ȥûа˵й¶ȥ
ز˵˽
ˮЦЦ仰̫ϤˣǸ綼ˡ
½ãһˮͿôмһ͵ĺӣа˳ߣİ˳ߣǰİ˳ߣ߾ףߣ䣬ǿ׳Ĵܡ
ĺӾȻǸˣˮҲƣҪ˵ĻһŮסͷѹһ¡
ʦǺгģΰɣл㵱С
һһӸϽվ𾴵˵
һҲε̾ǲ㣬ΪΪʲôء
ҽҶ֪ҽҽʲôεģҲ˵ˣ˺Զ·ģҪңȻŮ˶Ȣ
ƺʲôҲ£̹е
⺺˵ʲôأˮһѾһЩߣ˾ȻǴߴ֮ˡ


1827 Ǳݺġ
ߵļҲԻƽսĴУߵ־ǲӡɽؽ֮
ߵȻޣνĴ޾ǴǣĴǻ۾Բñ˶˵ģһ㱻˵˼ͱˣΪֻˢС˲Żᱻ˵
ˮЩ⣬󺺾ǵõߴеˣ˵̬ǺãΪˮǸɵӡ
̹ȻԼ˽飬̹Ȼ޴ߣˮڶ֪⡣
˭֪Щ鲻ҲûãĻڶҲҪ
ǰȴ̹Ȼޱȣֿȴʵģˮĵطˮͨ嶷˼ҵʱҲܺ棬һֱӸ¶Էʵ
Ѿˮϣڵˮ˵ǲ˲٣ȷʵڵͨҪǿһ㡣
˵֣ⲻǿȻοΪ
һҲǺΣ仰֪˵˶ٱˡ
ҽôгķϰҰɣҶˣһ°ɡ
󺺵ɤŲСƺ治
һ¶εЦݣβļһƺšסԼκˣ֪ô죬ֻÿˮ
ˮʱһЦֵҽǧ򱶣ңʵûа취ˡ
󺺿ˮһĻһȵ˵ҽ
ˮһ㶣ң
¶ϲЦݣһˮоһƺûôһӾͳ嵽ˮǰ̫ˣҽҾˡ
һ֪ʲôһҽ˵˲Σ㻹ǲҪ̫ϣȻʱܲסͲˡ
ˮʵѾʱɨһ壬ôʵеס
ҽһҪңβãͿȥˡ
󺺴ʱƺĺģʵ⻹Ǻõģ˹ɱԱˡ
ˮЦסָͷϣ֮ǰˮҲ֪ܴͨˣû飬ǲһ
ټǴߴ֮ˣˮһҪ֪ΰףһҪ
ֻҪУΪһҪǵˮ֮ӿȪ౨ǲκɿѻ߶𱨵顭
ҲˮԭΪˮԴһرкøУҴһ˲࣬ÿһǿߣҺʹһһսкܴĺôһļӳɣǿġ
ˮܾãһֱǺںĴҲĿˮʵҽô𣿡
ˮûϻشһ˵УκõĿԲǺܴ󡣡
ϵɫǽһʣ˿ϲǱˮܸоܼ
ǵģںܼΪ˲λҽʦˣҽʦϧûһ˵пܵģҲû˭ʱʲôģϾԼǰҽʦҽܶʲôֻԼ
˸˵пκãβõļҲܴƺǾϻ֪һֶҪ
ҽ㣡
ϱ̬ȣһ˵Ҿ̬ȡ
Ȼûаٷְٰգٻɰյġ
ˮЦ˵
ɫһͣǰ滹ûиоʲôɻеʧģɵļʵҲСˣܱûϣá
ҲˣȻҺҺҲ֪Σκõϣ󡣡
󺺿ЦſˮдΣΡ
ˮо̬ĲҲǴߴ֮˵һص㣬ʲô鶼̹Ȼԣٻֻҵ
ȥǱߵķɣͿʼƣܲҪٶʮʱ֪ˡ
ˮЦ˵
ãҽˡ
󺺺ò˵Ȼˮһշȥ
ˮʵκô󺺣ҲΪҪʱ䳤һ㣬ˮоԺһԼаӰʱ
ϵľ鲼ȫر˵ľԪ֮ľܼмرҪһ⣬Ǿͻ군ˣҪǲ֪ô֣ҩҲ𲻵á
ˮҲǰ˼룬ʵʲôʱԼġ
ʮǰҳ׵һ֪ġ
󺺻˵
ҸղŸʱԿ϶㱻ҩҩԽҪļˡ
ˮŴ󺺵һһֵ˵


1828 ¶£͵ˣ
ˮĻƺǶôֻ֣ɫеŹ֣Ȼ̾ҽôһ˵֪ˣҽҡˮ֮ǰΪ˸ںڿ֪ҲͲٶ˵ˣЦŵͷҾ
һҽҲͰʱʱ䣬ˮκҲҪΣҲҪܵʱ䣬ɽȥ˿ˮٶȻ˿ҲҪʮµġ
ˮ˵Ѿ˵ʱȻƺڸһܿʧˣû¶Ϊ֪ãҪҽġ
ô궼ˣȸһµĿβٻˣκαꡣ
ˮЦ˵֮ǰ˴еʧ䡣
㣬ġ
˵
κҰɣˣֵ˵ʵ
ˮЦЦŴ˵
ԲҽУû˺ǡ
æ˵
ˮЦҡҡͷôСҪǱȻȻ
󺺽ͷҡ粦˹һҽһҿأڶûʲôȤֻһˡ
ˮȻȻģԷʱĲ룬ҪûбȻ飬ˮҲʹס뷨
ɣٱȻΡ
ˮЦ˵
Ǿ͸ˣʱҵĶˣͬ죬ôܺ㶯֡
󺺺˵
ˮҲû˵ʲô˴󺺣ֶ֪ҲǶôʹ󺺽֣Ͼ󺺵ʵԼǲ˲١
ˮ̨Լסǰķ䣬ȻܾúܾûסȵˮסȥʱѾȫոµˡ
ˮŮͬһСԺһ¥ÿ˶һС¥ֻ㣬һ㶼סϲ㣬ˮվڴڿŶ¥
¥벻ǺԶҲʮף˵ʮʵܽˣˮ¥Ƕţ̨յһ࣬¥ľһġ
ԿԶУڲֻ㣬ܿľͻˡ
ͻȻˮҲڴڣ΢ЦſҲ˶Էһ΢ЦǸһڣĴС
쵰
Цһ䡣
ˮоرĺãĸоϲе½ճɫر¹ʱǰԲ֮ҹҪȻ죬ֻҪܳʱ򣬲ôѹ֡
ʱ̨ҲվڴڣƺĻתҪ뿪ڣʱˮȴЦСգʲôһ֡
̨ĵˮһۣû뿪ʲôҲ֪˺ܻϣԼԼСա֪Ằʲô
ҲǽЦ˾ôԶľһЩ޹ؽҪĻ⣬ˮ̨࣬յĻ͸˵ˣҲǶ໰ˣĵú徻
Ҫǳȥߣ㿴϶֡ˮͻȻ
ڵʱ仹ҹлûпʼأڲȥɾ治֪ʲô
ŮûзԣˮֱӴӴӴȥŮһ¹ŹֵĴӴ˳ȥˮϴŮĻŵЦݡ
ЦʲôЦôթǳЦʵʲôʱŮ˶Ǻţܸ߹󣬻ָ߰
İǹģһʣһקһĽܱȵģİ˾ޣºˮ̸Цʱǰˣһİǣǰ˵塣
͵˵ĸо
ˮ˵꿴Ů
̨պһӾͺˣˮ𺳵Ĳ֪ô˵
½͵ǹɼ飬һ͵һǳȥͻ£Ҫһ͵˵Ůɳȥ˽ᡣ
²
˵
ּû˸Һ˵Ļһִδйоǵһ߽еˣˣ˵Լ֪ǲƺﲻ
̨պһۣʵӣΪ뵽һμ龰ʱľͻħһԺʱΣ·һģһÿξѶ
ˮȻ֪Щ飬ֻʱ̨յӽΣһ޵Ůɱܶˡ
ˮЦȻͻȻŵһסһȥ
ŮһƤϣһʵﻹûе׵ģˣ͵ǲ⡭
ŮʵһŽأҲͲˡ


1829 񼼱
ˮڸоҸˣѾ˴ϣתͷŮһ̨ۣŤͷ
ˮָͷĻ˻ԵĸоһˮҲһ㶣ԭҲķӦǿҵĵط
ϵ˲٣Ϊ㹻ǰôխǼţҲǺܶ࣬˵̫ˣôط̫ˣ˭ȥ
˵ǼҲûܼˮ
ǿһͷȴ־ȻĴʲôо㿴еЦݣеĳüչеƺľˣҲеĽթݡ
ˮԶ˵
̨̧ͷƺǰһֱûע飬ʱǺĿܶ˽ӴĿͶ㿪ˡ
ǧ磬򡣡
̨ջ˵˵꿴ˮ
ˮЦˣǰ˵ǧ磬ˮ޳̨֮ǰĻһƺʵǰͳͳ磬߷ͳΣǿΪ
Ҵһʼͺǲͬеʱ򿴱ǸܲģҲΪʲôҪȥԭɡ
ʱ˵
ˮͷ˵鲻·˵ĸ򣬸һǵõı춼Ҫúܶ࣬ҲΪʲôҪʱһУʵսҪġ
ʵսģ衣
̾˵
ǰĶǿߣ˵һǿݣһǿ߱һʬǣڵʵûˣʲôʱпոһ
ˮ˵
ǰ仹Ǻ棬е٬ˣôŮ֮Ѿ˺ܾˣиá
̨ˮҲģˮҲǸоѵģģֻŮ˲Ƽһ
ţã
ˮȵĿŲԶһֽõĵ̡
С¥㣬еӣΧе㺮ᣬĵǰˮģΨȴǻûʲôˡ
ĹŶ֮಻ֵǮϾЩݵĶ̫ˣļû汲һЩҵǹŶꡣ
ǰĹŶ͵ĹĶ겻ţų꣬һ˵ų꣬ʮ꣬ʮӶ֡
ҵţǾڵıҪˮֻǾ֣ˮ֪һЩĶֻǲ֪Լ˵ǲһ
ˮеܶ࣬һֱǿرһЩ˲ıһеֻǲֻ֪һֻб
ȥ˵׼кö
ˮЦŮ˵ȻҲǷӦֱǽȥ
壬壬һլӣͨо֪¥ʱ䲻ˣ治󣬵Ҳʮľһǧƽ¡
ıƾɵĹ̨һЩ˸оڴ϶û˼֣ﻹƫƫ
ֻһڿϰһˣˮŮʱ̧ͷһۣûдкˮǴһпһְô˵أһݱ֮ϵĸо
ˮ֣ҪˮһȻ¶װġ
ʱڵ￴һȦΨһ˿Ҳ뿪ˣһС⣬ǮҲǺܹ
ˮŮΧЩʲôҲУľҰ״Լƿƿ޹޵ģʲôУҲˮӵĵ档
ˣЩ涼Ѿһҳˮ̾ΪӵĿ沢ûϤ
ͻȻˮСһĶӴֻһĳѾкܳʱûˡ
ͨ
ˮֱͨ˹ȥһȴˡ
Ը񵲵Լʵһ˺ͻЧ
ΰ뾫ѪС
ˮ֪ˣֲûʽİ취мܰһҺƽȵķֳݡ
񵲾ڣȻʵ֮䣬ΪԵֵʵһ˺⣬Ҳûˣ˫ʵ࣬ӵиĻֱöԷƷ
ˮԼˣѵһ⣬ˮ뵽Ǹϰ񣬵ÿСҲ˰취
ΪˮϰͻȻˣĻˮֶҲԼϳһҲǸоСºÿЩˡ
ϰ壬Ҫ
ˮϰ忪˵
ϰ̧ͷˮȻĴӹ̨˹ȥ
ʲô
ϰˮʵ
ҵӺϲ⼸СϰǮ
ˮЦʵ


1830 ۵ϰ
˺Ŀˮƺ֪Ϊʲôῴ⼸СرˮһͲѰ֮ˣѵ⼸ʱö
ֱӵ˼άҪĸĻǸоǸö˾š
Ǯ
˿ˮʵ
ˮˣ˵ңô֪Ǯ㿪۰ɣҵŮϲҲں
ˮװһΪԼŮһǧӣŮѾߣֻǲ֪ΪʲôˮҪС
һӣ
϶˵
ӾסܶˣʮӣҲǺôһԣƱߵĿռʵװöƱģƱһʮͨҲһʮġ
ˮˣڿˣǱҪˡ
ˮ˵
ϲһҪģϰ壬һе࣬˵ɣ˵ֱˡ
ˮҧҧޣȴǹϰ忴
ϰ¶һĨԶˮӣаһԩͷʵоҲͦõġ
ʮˣȻԸ
ϰ˵
ˮҪˣ򼸸ⶫֵ
ˮĸ첲
ҲˮӶ˵ʵǲʲôռٶиǧ˰ˮ͸ˣ˵ƱҲʮǰⶫԶ˵ݳƷϲɾС͵Ľɽɽʯɽ
һ˴ŮһһŮһ˵˼Ҫ
һ־ģ˵ŲҪ˵̫ˣʵ֮ǰһģЧһġ
ϰüЦһ߿ţƺˮɫﰵӣûǮôÿ椡
ϰһ˿˵Ĺâ
ãҪˣİѱǸСͭ˵ͷҡ
ˮָָССͭˣ֪ǲͭģоͭġ
һϰ嵹ˬĴӦˣΪǸСͭǸͭˣһͨͭˣԼûͭģҲ֪ǰʵʲôԱ֡
ˮҲǸоǸõһΪ˳
׵˳ˮõֱóһ鲼ɾһС໹治ֻһһС⽫Ǻڳˡ
ˮ֪Ǹ˵һ򣬾һٸһҲԥΪⲻǮܺĶ
ˣҲҪʶȻⶫֻǸƷԺˮֱӶŮһһԼһǸСͭϰЦЦ뿪ˡ
һ¾ʣµĵҲвģֻǶʵûõġ
߳ȥ֮ˮ߱ЦǲǸϰ᲻׷
ΪʲôҪ׷ǻҪ׷ʲôã
ĿеС
ǺöԺö֪ʲôãƲ֪жǵء
ˮرģ֮ǰϣ˳
ˮǱʶĲʲô£ѭûʲôɣôһⱨӦǴϵҹ·߶ˣܻῴһЩɾĶ
ö
ĿˮʵҲˮһֻǿĶ˵ԼսҪһôɡ
ˮ֪뷨֪ôأⶫԽǿ߾ԽǰɹˣֵԼʵ˺ǸͨɹҲǱ֮ǰˣһȭΪʵ£ֱӵˣһ
˵Ҫθڡ
ߴٵ̨֪տǲܵġ
ȴ¼˵
ˮЦЦźˡ
˲Ǻܶ࣬ˮ֮ǰоϰ׷΢ƫƧĵطûֺͣο˸Լôı
ţּˡ
ˮǸϰ˵
ϰ俴Ҳ꣬ģǶôͻҲֻü͸һ٬˵˺Ůɫ
ȻڵĶˣǰеĶڣ֮ʵΪûвʵֵʱ
ʵǸġ
ϰҲǺǺǵЦֻ˫۾еɭһЦص
Ŷңʲô𣿡
ˮ΢Цſ
ûʲô£ǿһ˴ôÿŮˣ㲻õ̫ҡ𣿡
ϰЦѾһ˿̵Ц⡣
Ŷô˵ҵŮˣ
ˮϵЦݸӲˡ


1831 
Ů˺ͱе߾֮
ϰ·ѵ󱲵Ŀ
ˮ仰Цˣе߾֮Լ֪֪֮ʲôӡ
Ҫˣҽ첻ɱˣҵŮˣҵĶҲɱ㣬Ժͱˡ
ˮ˵
ϰһɫˣǻˣｿ檻вٵģҪŮ˷ջǲСġ
ϰ忴ˮֿŮɵʵĶޱȣǶͽҺܿͻб
Ҳһ㿴ôŮˡ
ϰһаŮȥ
ˮɱ
˵
Ůˣĳͷɱˣֻܿܳԡ
ˮζĿ̨ա
㻹Ͽȥ˵ʲôء
ˮһ£Ȼ֪֮ǰڵ٩Լ̨ա
ˮҲڶ˵ֱһȻһȭǸϰȥ

ϰ岻мһҲһȭˮȥֻֻȭͷһ˲īɢǿҵĺɫΡ
ǧ֣
ˮȵ˵
ˮû뵽ϰľȻһϳ˵ľ綾˵ǧԶʱڵľѧ¼Ķ
˵ǧ̣ܿǰĶ壬һģһǺģľǿҵĿ
һֱĸĸʱǻʱо綾ȴ漣Ļǵõһ˿ҲøҲΪ壬ҲǺܲףǧ֮һĸʶ
ˮ֪˵Ķ컹Ǻģ춾ҪȺǿ󣬳ɳҪ죬ǧǴСģ˵ľ绹㲻
ǧҪǧֶҩ䣬Ȼ˫֣Ȼգҩ֤öģɵģǧֵõĶҩҲҪĹϵҩԽɵԽǿȻղסͻᱻӵжĲǲܶΪԲĶǻӾġ
ˮҲ֪ϰΪʲôôţΪӵǧֵ֪ͬѡܡ
ˮͲһˣô˵Ҳһ涾ģҿ˵ǰٶ֣Ȼ֮ǰһǲ¶ǶԶĿر߶ѡ
ʥ֣֮
ˮںϰһʱֱʹʥ֣֮кȻʥ֮һаĿǣҲǶĿǡ
ƵģͬʵԿһһ߿Կһ֮࣬Ҳпɡһɵȡ
οƣֻҪԷʵȫѹƣѹ̫ĻҲûˣˮϰ壬ϰҲûãʵ⡣
ˮֿƶԷһֱӽϰĿѪɳȥֱӻԹȥˡ
ˮû߹ȥԷܻܲͿ컯ˣǻҲǸˣ˲ֵÿͬ飬ٱ˾Ҫľ
ȻֱӻȥˣɢɢĵģҲûʲô飬ȻӰĲǺأоûʲô˼ˡ
˵еıҲҪˣ̤ʵˣǱ͵ϮҲû£ǸܵҲ̫ţʵⱦҲԽԽֲ
صõСԺֱӽСԺϣŮЦ˴ңԡ
ϵģûġ
æ˵
Ҳǣ֪˭ǡ
ˮͷ
һ죺㲻˵å
ˮٺЦЦȻóָѪһΡΡΣ뱦УĵεʱˮֱӴһϸ΢ĽֱӽǵξѪһΪԵһΪСһܰѾõزĲ򵥡
İɢȥʣµİڽ˱һֻסһԪ
ͻȻɢǿҵĹΣܿȻһʧˣˮдһ߲ɢĹΣ죬֮һΧΧ
ˣ
ˮֻǸоһɵºϢرǱģԶôЧһ񼶱Ҳֻ񼶱塣
ʧʱŮҲǾˣҲ֪ЩģȻ֪ˮŪĶܲû뵽񼶱屦
ˮۣޱܵ
㣡
˵ˮŮѸ˵ΰ뾫Ѫܶ಻٣Ѫ
ˮǿѪûб˼̨ɫе㲻ȻĿˮһۣʱŮҲûпֱˮһΰ뾫ѪС


1832 ҪԼ̫ź
Ůٴ۾ʱ򲻿˼ĿˮΪѾ֪صСǶô¡
ˮŮʵѾ̤һеģˮҲôоСʵʱ̵һ࣬˵Ǹиĺô
֮ǰŮڿС֪֮Ǹǿıˣû뵽ıǺϲرϲ
ʵһҲиľʱ򣬵С˵ͬʵ˺Ҳʲôʱ˯߲Ϊʧʱ
ˮôõĶҪˣ᲻ۡ
ںܿģ̲סȤˮԼƶ֪Լʲô̬
ԼŮ˻𡣡
ˮǺǵЦ
Ҳûз΢΢ͷҲìܣﶼã̫ģҲûа취þҪŮҲô졣
뷨̾˿Ϊ֪Լ׵ˣⱲ壬ǲˣﲻʱĶḡ˵ƽϲĸо
̨ҲϰˮƤΪһϰߺӦΪû˱ǻӦʱҲϰˣѾϰһ֮󣬾ͻᷢԷͻȻ˷ܲӦ
ˮϰԼĴڣԼӰӺͷʽУϰߣһһʱ¸ıǡ
̨֮ǰͻˣʵֵõʵǵõ޴Ľʵս˵һôˡ
Ϊ˸ͬʵ̫ˣǿĹԺ޹˼ɵʹãͷ·Ϸ޵вѪ״̬
ŮǺܿĵģôõĶˮ۾գһ¸ԼҪ֪ߵŮ˶ֹȴǸԼ
ǰʱ˵ǮаǮǮһУǮƺТ˳ΪÿλؼҶܺúܹĲƷʲôģȻҲ˵ǲףǮ顢鲻Ǯġ
ƺеһᣬԺסһжҪǮᣬļͽıڻ̸˵úõģһʵĻҲһТ˳ıʾǰи˵æڸĸİ˵ǮͿԱʾǮҲǱʾһ֣Ϊ˸ĸԼкܺⱾһֶ˵Т˳ѵ˿ʵ㻹˵ʲôԼԸĸܺúףһ𰤶ܶ
е㼫ˣˮʵҲ޳ɣǰ˵ģǮܵģûǮܵģʵǰǮǰǮ̫Ҫˡ
ˮҲһЩΪʲôǮŮˣΪЩʱŮ˺Ǯ
ţȥҪģһȥ˭ȥܺܺõһȥγһҸ顣
첻ˣҪȥˣ
̨ˮЦЦת¥ȥ
ˮͷЦſ̨߽¥֮ǰǸ΢Цˮǲɵֵ˵嶼òЦɱʵ̫ˣٻţŵ˲һ𺳡
ÿɣ
Ц˵
ÿһÿ
ˮתͷ壬оŮеԴס
ķǣ
Цſˮ
ˮһ̸оŮ˺ܽЦץס˫֣һһסٶең΢΢ˮЦſǲ֡
С쵰Ҫʲô
岻ˣˮһۡ
ǰ˵ҵŮˣ֪ǵôˡ
ˮǰ΢΢˴ӡ
˵˼ҵġ
΢΢ͷǰİͻȻתСŮʡ
תˮһ㶣Ȼһѽס׼ȷסǵ㴽
ƺҲû뵽ˮһסˣȻعʱж˸Ķһ˵Ϣһ˿ȻϢĿڱ֮С
ңԼȻᣬƺܣо棬ŴԻָ֮ǰԼ뿪ˣ˾͵ôߡ
ˮû뵽Ůһ֮ȻɬĻӦ
ˮ̰˱ţʱľһֱˮ쵽½סǷͦĸʱűƿˮȷʵǷͣĽ
֡
彿ĺһ
ˮ΢΢²Ų֣óڱǶ᣺㡣
ҲǸö
˵תҲʧˡ
ˮ뿪ЦЦҲԼ¥ȥջ٣ûӦ˵һУˮоһˣԺͺ˵ˡ
ˮ֪ЩעǲܷģҪǿԼʲôҪԼ̫ź㲻׻һΡ


1833 ºҰ
ʱúܿ죬ת۾µʱȥˣʱѩŵûڣûжҲͻˣʱ䵹ƽ¡
ˮҲպΣϾһҲҪãˮҲס˼졣
һҲһӣһӣͨܿģҲԼĺˣͣҵһϯ͡
ҲǳȻĴڣҵٺǵһңû̫ˣһЩϵġ
ףˮЩû֪֮ʱǾĴڣ˵һһˣ࣬䶼ѣһѡ
ϯʱ䲢ǺܳٽſʼϦµʱͽˣˣõһʱǲǷĵĿġ
ˮҺְɡ
ͨЦ˵
ˮһ㶣ڷԼֲ٣һ˵ǿ֣ӳһɴ
Ȼֻһѧ˵ʵһģǿ߸֣˵ӵļһܺõĻҺǿ߹ϵӦòӴҲ̫ˣѵһķϲ
ˮǿģȻֵˮˣҲûʲôѵģЦ˵ˣСҰ
ˮ뵽ǰиҰַʵǲʵҲӽĸӥȡΪϣСҰϣҪ塣
ãͽҰ᲻̫ҡˡ
ͨǺЦͨǱȽعص֣ԸˮǱȽϲԸġ
ͨʵҲ֪ˮΪʲôȥ֣ʵҲ֪ԼԸòãһ𣬲ô˵ҲôᶺŮ˿ģƺ˺ܶȤ
֪ûǺģŮҲǺģⲻǺ⣬һַʽһ󲿷˶ԸĻҲҲϲܵõ˵رϲ˵͡
ԼϲŮǰż¶ɫӣ˵֮ķ軰Ҳһֲ飬ܶĶ
ҲǺֱֱͨͬȱʱӳɲһ˵Ļˮ̾硣
ʵˮоԼҲƵģô˵أɧǰ˵ɧɧǲһʮ˾Ÿɧɧɧʣһɧ
ֻǸŶѣʹĺӣӦϲȻ֮ǰΪߣȻ꺢һ쵫Ѿָ˴ˣοãˮ
СɲҲҪˣ㿴ֵܷڶˡ
΢Ц˵
ǣʵһֱŬⲻоеġ
ͷ˵
ӳɲ糺ʹŤһ£˵ʲôأ
ˮûЦѩŵҲе죬ⲻҲûʲôʵǺܴģӳɲһﶼǲȻˡ
֮ǰȻ˵û˼һŪҲǺΣ곤ģ˭Ҫһ㣬ϾˮˣǾ͸˵ˡ
ںڵЦʵ֮ǰܷ⣬ǺܿƣϲŮ˲ϲԼڱ˹飬ԸԳȻޱȡ
һٷֱӳԵҲɢȥ̨պҲǼǰŻģ֮ǰһֱΧ䣬ʵľı仯̨շ˾޴ı仯
֮ǰﻹ㽨һħģȴûͷͻȻҲܶ飬ˮ֮ƺҲˣ֪ǰģΪ˺ܶ飬Լ֪˶ôŬ
֪ˮڻڹ飬ˮ֪Ů˺ܼʱ֪ûôˣ򲻴ҪҪй̣ҲҪһõĽǰһĹǸ
ŮȥˮǺܷĵģ̨ڵʵѾǿˣԼѷɫ٣˸һŮװϺֲܿˣοϹ꣬Ȼڵ̨գҲʵףǱˮҪǿǲˮ̨յҲǲرࡣ
ŮպļŮҲˣʱĻȥպһһպĳӡ
Ҳûʲô֣ˮ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ˺üһֹϵĽӴҲòˣŮһΪˮԭõľǱ׽ûףʱǶͬһ˵ŮˣôҪ׽ûףҪǵһ
׽ûг޷ֿʱ򣬶޸ͬһˣǾһһһӣ檣رǮģһһңǮҲô̫鷳ˣһңͥԺõġ
һס̫ˣҲͲһˣ³ǽʲôġ


1834 ֪׼뿪
պ
ˮѾպסˣͨĺ֮ģѾ¶ˣʱͨĺӳ֮뿪ģû뵽Ƴһ¡
ͨʵѾǿˣҪһʱ䣬ʱǵһĽ׶ΣʱˮǲÿĿٶȣҲһζ׷ٶȣǶȹ̸
˵ҩȹ̸֮⣬ˮȭȹ̸
Ҳս񴫳ߣˮĳֻǸıˣȻǻǿҲƣߵԶ
ˮ뵽ǸԼκõĴ󺺣ߴ֮ˣˮһµʱκˣôرĲ˼顣
˼ˮУ֮ڴ󺺾ͱˮˣˮվŲô󺺹󺺷־Ȼ޷˺ˮֺ
һô󺺱ܴΪԷκԼԼʵԶаô˵ҲоԼǸǿߣǿкܶȨģǿҲǺϲġ
û뵽ԼıǮڶԷǰֵһᣬҲʧ䣬ˮû˵ʲôǸһЩҪָչˣȻҲ˵æһãһĻ˳չһá
ȻĸԸʼˮ֪󺺽ʲô֣оֲǺҪŴߴ֮ˡ
ˮû˵ݡ
պͶǹԼѾεˣպͶǹڱһѾȫˣΪʵһ
ˮҲ֪з磬վøˤҲʹˮǲ鷢һһӡȴպͶǹͬһ嵫ֿĴڣʱҲ벻Ч
պͶǹϺܵ͵ˣҲǵڶûбʲôϵԭ򣬲ڽȱľƾס
ˮպʱԽԽǲ֪ʲôԭŮˮû˵Ǹ顣
߰˸ˣѪŮӦÿҪʥŮˣԼ׸òȥܾᣬ֮ǰ¼Уһֱ⣬һֱرܣʱѾرܲˡ
ˮķһ߳պ̤пΧˮʱҲܰΧкܶϺǰ챦һЩСޣܺÿ
ˮͻȻӰһֱӳһʯ֮
ôң͵͵ġˮЦſ衣
˭᲻ˣֻǿοο㡣迴ˮ΢Ц˵
ŶŶοңôοˮ촽Ŀͦεɽϣｫ·߸ߵĳ𣬱ԲǸ·ҲǺÿޱۡ
豻һĻţɶԷôһżסˮ۾ô
ˮоϵָУûȫסʱĽ̬ȫˮŮһһ屾ÿΪ֮ɢǿȻϢ
ôÿΪʲôÿˮĶһֱоŮˡ
յ쵫ȴˮоʵȴǲȻˮӴǺܶ࣬ҪˮһֱоôʵƺǺܸð
Һĺ㣬֪ʲô˭֪㻹۸ңû¡ջ˺ʹ뿪
𣬳ˣ߰ɣҪ㡣ˮЦԶȥ
֮ѾһЩϵ̾ҲûпܣԼʵ֪Լʲô뷨ûнܵҲûоܾ
˵ôȷģˮսеε˵
ôȷģôԼô˵
㣬ôˮԶʵ
ÿĶһʮҲУҲ㣬㡣ҡͷ˵
ߺСѾͷˡˮЦŴȤһ䣬һ󴷴
ȥɣ֪ȥȻ㲻ôᣬģôáˮһˮ˵
ã
ˮ֪˶ܿ˵ģԼӦȥȻôᣬȻǾȥɣʲôҲҪȥԼź
˵һȱٵľǺ֪ûһ޴źˮһ̸о֪Ǻ֪
ǰ˵һҪŮˣӡ˺֪ҵľ֪ҸŮ̸̸ʲôľ֪һ֪ӣ֪޻̸ϸ˵ˮǲ֪ˡ
ٴպ˰£ˮͼŮк뿪ˣû˵ʲôֻ֪


1835 ʥɽɲ
ˮջǾȥѪŮ룬۽ΣԼźϧԵ֣ǧãã˺УǳҲǺԵֵģôΪʲôƫƫǳˡ
ˮȥʥɽô˵ʥɽﻹеϵԴϴһʱ任ܳмȴǷ˺ܶ飬ˮоƺңԶ
ʥɽ
ˮҲûжൢʱ䣬ϴõʱ仹ҪһЩʮʱѾʥɽΡ
ˮһǰǸͷŮˮһ㶣ȴЦ˵ôˡ
ˮо绹ڱ仯ϴʱŮ̬ȲãҲģھȻЦӭǱ仯
£ǵ𣿡ˮЦ
ڣǵֻ֪ƺĻһ㡣Ц˵תǰȥ
ˮʥɽ֮ȥҲǾȣǸŮ˸ô϶Լߵʱ˵ˣǸŮ˵ĴӦ֪ô¡
˵ʥչһǸѪŮʵģҿ϶ԼҲǶôֵ顣
ܿ͵ɽۣһɣˮһÿ߳ǸŮˡ
ʥ
ŮһȾһˮоʱһҶֻЩͬһҶǲմ̻֮Ůһһ㣬мŨĹ
һ˫ǳˮʱ¶ůļЦ⣬һҶ޴Ůңɼȴֺƽ׽ˡ
ˣ
ʥЦ˵һȴֲУȻ֮ɽۣΧźܶİƣ·һеŮ˸ʫ续ɡ
ӺãˮЦŵͷ˵ǻظк
Ѿĵ뿪ˡ
ϴһôִ٣Ѿþϯʥ
ˮһ㵣֪Ҫ
ֻǸоѡ
ԭô˽ҡ
Ҳ˽㡣ʥЦ˵ûŮ˵ķ飬һֲַϢ
ˮ֮ǰҲռˣֻ˵ʥĻ뵽ģŮ˺ܴ仰ҲֱӸˮ֮Ĺϵ
ˮεӣû˵ʲôԽ˵ԵԼһЦЦ߽
ϯˮе⣬ҲԾϾԼʵʶһʥȻЩԵøӱŤ
ӭٴʥɽʥƱЦ
ˮѾЦлл
лҲûаﵽʲôæܺã΢һ㣬Ҳ硣ʥЦ˵
ˮ֪˵ѪŮʣε˵Ѿˣһ˰ɣȻʲôʱ
ϴСӦŮһ壬Ӧúϵɣʥ˵һˮеͷԵĻ
Ǻܺõѣôˣˮʵ
ﵽǧĲΣҪƳ¹棬ԼһѪŮһûʲôʥеľƱ
ˮȻʱǺһⲻĽᣬˮǸѪŮʣоѪŮеشڣʥѪŮ
̾ЦҶ˵ʵˡ
ǾͺãҺϣĿʥͷ
ллӦǺǿġ
ĻʱҪʥЦſˮ
ˮͷ˵ʲôȻѵ㣬ǺģֻҪܰϡ
ϴ֮ѪŮǺܰѪˣھɲѾ׼ֹʥɽˣҿµסʥˮ˵ɫȻˮû濴˿ġ
ɲˮʵ
һʵʵǺ˽⣬ʵֻɲһʲôĴڣʲôʵ
ɲǺʵҪĳԱɲɲҲǺһǿ壬ǿǿսеİҹɲǿµĴڣͨսλҲµǿߡ
ʥˮ֪ˮ֪ʲôԻĽЩ
ôΪʲôڲŶʥɽˮе档
ʥɽǰλǰæϧλǰѾ뿪ˣɲ֪ϢԾ֡
ˮ֪ǸǰˣȻ뿪ɲҲ׶ʥɽġ
ôģˮҲǺ棬˵ԼʵʥɲλʥʵģŮҲ̫ˡ
ʥҲźܴвӦкܴʤ㣬ȻΣգҲǵæʥ˵
β㼤޷ֿĸо
֪ʵڲܡʥЦſˮ


1836 ҹ棬ƽҹ棿
ƲˮָоŮ˳Եĺ׼ר޷ܾĵطһǰǴʥеõ˾ֵǵҩоÿǷֻҩнҲõģǷͰѱʥһ뿪ʱŮҲǴӦչѪŮʣҲˡ
ֻҪѣˮȥѵãرѣ˵һһһѾͲ׻
ģҲġˮ˵
ʥ΢΢ͷˮ֪Լ˵ˣε˵㲻Ҫ룬Ҷû뷨
ʥ̧ͷĿˮɫǺƽܵȻˮСĸоǰһ˿һŮ˵Ҳϲġ
˵;ΣˮھָоԼ̬ˣ˵־粻ô׸
ԼƽεЦЦҲٶ˵Ϊ˵ûκ壬Խ˵öԽǸоҡ
ԽԽɣˮԼľҲһܴĶǰһһԺһŵČ˿ȫͬģÌ˿ԵĻĥһʱ䣬Ǿǲͬġ
Ǿ;硣
ˮںĸоȻ̸ǿ˵һЩģʥĻҲǺܶ࣬ΪҪ˵һЩġ
һ˵Ȼⲻ˵һЩڼͥĻˮҲܻ̫࣬ԼһЩҲ˵˳
˵õ˵ĻظҪȻشˣˮʥʱԷҲûʲôԥĻشˡ
ʥȻ˵ˣ˵ĲǺϸˮļܴʥɽΪ˶һЩ˵ıƻ飬ҲǱƻ飬ӻ顣
ˮоףĺܶ࣬رǴּŮûɿԣرڻȢϡ
ˮΪʥزӦûˣڲ֪ԭˮûʣ֪ЩҲûãʿɶֹ
ʥˮͥԺϴΪˮŵǸϢɣ⼸Ʋ̫ƽҲ꣬һᾡŬֿɲ
ˮЦŵͷİɣµġ
Σ˵ʲôҪƴػһǷɵķɵŮ˵ᾡԼŬά
ˮҲƴģȻңȻƴҲ˺
ˮ仰Щõģʥˮ仰رİܶһǵĵҪҪ˾ͻ᲻ʲôͷ·Сҹ·ľͿʼģϾҹһ˳ȥ˾Ͳ˿¡
ŮǿҲŮˣܶʱҪиվı󣬾ʲôҲҲŲɺӵãһ
ȻһҪˣҲЧ

ˮ֪Լ㲻ɣΪɲ˾ѾʥɽˣԷ˾Ȼǧˡ
ǧ˲࣬½ǿսȺս󲿷ֶǼˣҲǼʮˣֻҪѹģʵ̫ˣǾǱѹķݡ
ˮԶһƬɲˣӦ˰ɣĸߴĿ񣬾еĳҲǺÿܶࡣ
ǵıǸߴд󺺻ҪһЩۺȻûëȴһЩۼһĶ׶
ǧɢǿҵ֮ҹ棬Ǿҹһ壬ҹ棬췢бܶ඼ϲʳˡ
ǰʮλҹһɣ췢£һɫۼ׾Ȼеû˳ªһЩ
ϵư磬ɢǿҵҰ֮˵ҹǺóԡɫö壬ȴǿ츳ǿҹ԰˺ˡ
ȻЩҲǴţ˵Զʱлƽҹǽ˺ѣȻǴţҹһĺǿ츳ȱԳһЩǿҲǺ顣
ʥɽﵹԶԶǧˣʮҲУʥɽʥ߹ƻûǧԱҲǸӵܶϰ򣬲ǲһطһʮϰڳֲܴﵽ֡
ûУҵŮˣ̤ƽʥɽٰץȥ
Ϊ׵һҹһ
ˮ۾ôģǾ޴ĺӣȻٿʥȻŮĸˮ˸ͷ⣬ǰģصĸ߶ȣӦǽһװ˵ĸ߶ȣ׸ߵĴ󺺱ʵǽСޱȡ
ˮ޷ͣʲôŮܽסڡ
ˮĿʥе㲻ڣ֣оˮĿе֣е㲻ŹֵŤͷˮ


1837 ǳ
һͷˮ˵Ŀ⣬Źһа죬һ˿Ů˵Ĺâ
Ҫ޸Ǿˡˮ˵
˭˵Ҫ޸ˡʥ˵
Ȼ֪ˮڵ뷨֪ƻᱩ߰ɣˮǺЦɵҲͣôôһ𡣡
ˮ仰棬˵Ҳʥһ֪ˮ֮ǰǹŹĿʲô˼ˣӦǸ˼ɣһɫ糺죬о˻ûһǺö
ʥûбֳȴѾˮü쵰ĺܻ쵰
ʥƺˮһ۲ſԶһȺյҹ棬Ǻ£û̫Էƺƴ
ʥҲûκεĵģˮͷߵʥɽ֮ˣܸоʿ˺ܶ࣬Ҳм֣ԼʥԼͷļ˲һεġ
ͷˮŶǸΪ׵Ĵ󺺺
ţԷͷǸƺʣǲһĿˮҲǱѯˮʲô˼ַʽʾˮӣûз
ôŮԣΪʲôҪŮˣˮʵ
ҿÿôҪ󺺿ˮСͻȻƺˡ
ˮһ㶣ȻЦ˵һҹ治Ҹĸҹ棬ƫҪ࣬Ƕ˵Ĳˮ˵
ɲһҹʵһģֻɲҹеϲ̨棬ɲһİ࣬ͺͺ˻ɲһֳȥģǱɲһġ
ɲһϲľǱ˺ҹ棬ϷŭûһΣˮΰɲһ壬һȫʬ
ǸȲۣܸܲߵλСÿߵŮ˺ÿˮʵ
ʲô˼ϡŹֵĿˮʵ
ˮʵ뿴ܵ߸ʲô̶ȣǰʱ˵˿Ư˺ͻ˺ܳ󣬵ǲˮ֪
ɵģһΧһ˶ӦһϴڵۣǴҶġ
ǰһȺԳ󵽼ˣˮ뿴ΣԷʥӦҲǸоʥƯɣʵıرǶһ̶ȵĴڡ
ҿҵһһˮʵ
ⲻǷϻƯʲôֿ׳һĿˮ
ұһҹˡˮھָо
ʥˮԱ¶Ц⣬ǳЦʲôһֿģԼ֪ʵ˵ɺܺõˡ
˵ҹ濴ҹ涼ǺƯ𣿡ˮٴʵ
СӣѾҹˣһġƺرķŭɲһʵףǺҹ棬ǰһŮΪСĴҪ
ˮҲʥô죬ɱɱȥ
ôɱһ棬Ǿˡʥˡ
ʥɽʵɲĲ໹ǺܴģձͣߵԷһǾȫѹơ
ƽʱѵأɣˮ˵
󷨲ֲʥ̾ǻ֣ѸٽٶȺܿ죬Ͼʱ򣬿˵ͷˡ
ˮѾ֪Ǿǳֺƺûôǿʵһվλ󣬲һվλ١
жصôڴսʱõģΪ򵥣ԽԽԽǾտԽҪԽߣ˶˾ԺѰڣȻҲҪ˭ǿ߾˵ˡ
ˮҲоǳʺڵս϶һλòֻܰ򣬵󷨻Ϊضλǿս
ˣҪϣһûϣôͻ½λԽ࣬ԽС֮һļӳϾûˡ
ˮͻȻ˼һĶָ󷨵ˣʥɽֱˣʥɽҲܸߵġ
ˮеˮĴ߶˲һСһС״СȻĴȥ
öĸλĲʯУȻʮ׸⡣
ˮ⼸ϵһ޴ͻƣ̸գȴǿסܴһƬסĲλӵĻ֮С
ˮ߶죬ʱˮ˰죬ҲǸԭڲͻһֱͣͲǰľ硣
۾һȻʶ֮ˣǷλˮĶ˼ӣȴǶҪӰ졣


1838 ׯڣ
һ˲䣬ʥɽ߷·һһˮǼ续㾦һ棬ñûʲôɫһӱĪĴ
ʥҲǺܾʣ֪ˮ󷨣û뵽ôǿϲ˵ôľͨڸʲôҲԣǰȾصĲˡ
о˴ӦԼ˵õģĪƵУ
ˮԼǺģı仯ˮͻһˮ˵ܻԶͻƲ˵ıϡ
һȴ֮ͻᱻһסˮͻо֮ǰ󷨲һǰϷǮҳĺͲǮϵͳ֮Ĳ޷Ƚϣһʮûκ⡣
ˮĸоڵ󷨱֮ǰǿ˲ʮǺֲܿģǰֲ˼£Ҳ˭Ƶġ
ɱУӦ÷˰ɡˮЦ˵
ҷԽԽˣ֪½ͨ󷨵ʵǸ㲻ǸɡʥŹֵĿˮ
ҿԸ㱣֤ԲǣˣܸǸʲô𣿡ˮʵ
ׯڣʥˮƺǿЦ˵
ˮҡҡͷ֪֣ǿˡ
ˮоֵֹֹģûʣԺϵģʱԼһ½ǿôǿ֮
ǿ󣬺ֹǿǶصĴڣǿʮĵˣʮٱǧĵˣڲ䣬ǽǿܶ࣬ǻô̿͵ͻϮ
ʥˮһ˵š
ôţơ
ˮҲСİǰһ˵ʥĺһۣʵھݲôͨãˮֻ֪Լһ˽ǰ˵˲̫˼
ˮٺЦЦ֪ʥʲôʱԷƺͷˣĴҲǺܵģоǾǰ裬Իõġ
СӣҲҳһս
ǸΪ׵ĴͻȻˮ
ˮһ㶣û뵽ϲһһԷûаԼãʵ֮ǰҲͶԷģоԲ
ˮʱ򣬴ٴκԭһƸŮ˶治ˡ
ˮʱ󺺵ĳˣˮǰγӣȻûʲôҪˮûаѶԷȻǿںǰһΪʵ˺ˮ
ˮڵĿͺǿˣټϸоԵѹԷ
ʵˮ˵ڲǺܴ󣬵ԺþԻܴ󣬶һûˮ֪
Ȼи֪ûбǿڣɱ֮࣬Щ͸һҲǱӹģӾġ
ˮ˸֪ûбһЩƾõҲаɣˮܿ˿һһĴҲüƶɣлԵɺ»
ˣʵ֣ûҲпȡ
㲻оЦ𣿡
ˮ˵˳ȥ
ʲôЦ
󺺿ˮ
ҺЦǾӲ֪ǸŮԸһ𣬹ƱǿƵŮҲһһܰɡ
ˮǺЦ

ŭˣΪˮ˵һӰ飬ŪһŮʱŮˣʱֱŭһŮˣԺֻҪŮ˭³ҲҪѲƤ
󺺻һѾ޴Ľղˮ˹ȥޱȣɱСҲޡ
ʹģ·˿ΣѾû˱뷨ˮ˺顣
ˮеĻƽսҲǺݺݵǽղ档
ѽɫݺݵײһ
ԣ
޴ײˮûжǶԷˮײˣˮһ㶣ͻȻ׸ĶԼһ޴á
󺺵ʵԳԼ֮ǰԼǿǿ󣬵ǻᱻɣȻˣƤһȥ
һûӵ顣
ֱӵֵ˺ԼʵһĹȻǿ󣬵ԼǿҲ޶ȵģ൱ˮĹһֱӳ˶ԷһӽԷɡ
ԷƺҲûˣȻܳҵ⣬ʥʱҲţظľϲʵ̫ˡ
ʥһӸоǰЩƺôǿˣһָоŮ˸Լġ


1839 ֣ﱬ׼
ҲǲŵĿˮȻ󿴿ԼƺһжʵģԼΡ
ˮڸоǺƣ޼᲻ݵĸоӰһŴ󺺳ȥеĻƽսꪰԵһѹȺɽȥ
д󿪴ϣޱȣǰҪѹƶԷʵȻ©ٳƵʱôĶ֪
ԣ
һ޴ı죬ըˣֱӽΧˮȫըҪ֪Ǻף嫵ˮѹǺܴģըɼİԵ
ٴαˮɣˮӰӰεٴγ˹ȥھһɳһˮĵɡ
˶ˣû뵽Сһô֮ͣǰԼ˵Ů˶治ˣȴԼˣǿûʲôʵСôôֲ
ǰˮ廹ǳƵϽС
ȻɵһֱҷģеסҪһԴƾˣǿҲġ
ͨҲԴ򵽻ΣգߵԴȻͨҪǿܶ࣬ߵĹ㣬۾ǵطôҲܽסġ
ˮʵѾѴնģԷȷʵһףοˮҲģսˮĻָϿҪĳƽˣ˵һˡ
ʥԽԽˣ˸оı»Ҫ貣ˮǰԵĹǱԵþ壬ͻȻоĺܲ
ͷһһƽľƺЩɶҲɶһ£ɸ¥õĸһɶǾġ
ʥľǸ¥ãڵػ΢΢һ£ȻһʱʱᵹԶᵹһ
ˮȻ֪ЩҵĻ󺺣ָоٴλǸоˬ޼᲻ݣǰϷһйȥɱһƬһָоˮÿһܽ󺺴ɣһ
ž
һĴܣ۾ôģ־ĲŵĿŻƽսӭҪǴˣԴ
Сң
һȣһӰˮȥһķ·ҪƲϬ
ˮȻʵǿҲȻܳס׳ԣϾЩиӰĶһĴڡ
ӰһѸٶ㿪еĻƽսȻûдǴ󺺣ǿҵľҲǽ̵Ѫ
ˮ֮ǰƽսꪳһξԴ͸һһδεĴͬһλãʼʱ󺺲û⣬һ֮ơ
ˮ֪֮֮ǰϮԼǼһͬĺһڵĴ󹭣ɢϢ
ܶҵ׷治
󺺿ˮ˵
֮ǰǸѾ˻ȥŹһڻûƽ
䲻׼һͷˡ
ˮݵ˵
󺺱֮ǰǸҪСһ㣬֮ǰǸе㣬ȴ˫һƺеթ
ʱˮĻҭ˰ȻЦſˮûãӦøеˣҿԳȫ㡣
ûлġ
ˮЦ˵Ȼһ滨ĺ뼤γһ޵֮ơ
󺺵ɫˣ˫ȭȻ
һصľǽ֮䣬ɫľǽ͸ģ˫ǿԻ࿴ģ˾ǽϷ͵
ǽᣬʵﵽһ̶ȵ֣У֮۳ҲΪһ㶼иʱ䣬ʱ˾ͻʧ
ǿҲϬϧ˺صľǽñƣȻǿ͸˾ǽֻҲʧȥ
ʱٴóһһͨļ֦ͷ죬תѪͼһֻչɵķΡ
ﱬ׼
ˮҲǳһü˷Ѫɵļ˵Ǻӷͻ׵ģȻκҲǾԵĺӣֻܺеһ֣ȻǿĿԺӵٷ־ʮϣ;ԵȫӷҲܽӽˡ
ҲǽӽֻҪȫӣôһлпܡ
ӷһɱԷҪ˫ʵȻܺӷԷҲ޹ġ
һֵĸоˮд֪ԼˣţסİջеģҲһ֡
޼᲻ݣеǰҲûã㵲סģסҲûá
󺺽չ˵
ǿδء
ˮЦһ֣ɽֱӳ֮䡣
ƣ
ƺһģֱžɽȥƺаմ͸ʯͷ
ˮ¶΢ЦɽܻٻɽĶ̫ˡ


1840 ŤתٶȾ
ȡ
̶·Ҫ˵ĶĤһһļ֦Ѫһݺݵײ˾ɽϣɽֱӵɳȥ
ˮ֪ģȴǿǼ֦ԼȻûм١
ˮһϾɽһ£Ŷܻ֮ģǱײҲ赲һ֦ĳ徢
֦ٶ̫ˣˮĴ˼άҲתãԼȻ㲻һһоϤ
ʶһ
иǿķҪ׿ԵֵһĹվûж
ǲֿʶˣʶˣһɫ˲ˮǰһ
ʥ֮ǰǸεʱѾˣͣ˾ˮһĵطƺûٳԾԾĵطҲ̫ˡ
ɫֱӽǼ֦ɵˡ
Ĵ󺺲ŵĿˮ嶼ڲһɲѰһ̺ľһڱɫˣҲܵһ㷴ɡ
ˮˣ֮ѸٸڶĻᣬڿˡ
꣬ǿľǾԪϵĿǣһˮоеļ£ǿķûȥֿϾصݲ
һ˲䣬ˮ֦ܵϤʱԥг˾꣬Ҳûʧޱȵľϲ
ŵڵϵļ֦Ѿһͨļ֦Žļ֦Ϊһ£ǿ֮ʧˡ
޼᲻ݵĴڣľˮľ֮ǿҲΪǾܾ֮Ѿꡣ
뵽Լʣˮͻ뵽庮ҷľ֮壬ʣʵӦɸŮˣġ
ˮ֪ôʱ֪庮ҷϲǵԭ򣬵ʱͻᱻ˴
ǰԼ֪ΪʲôٴҲǶֻûһעһЩӲġ
һжѸȻ棬ϾݲЩ飬һսˮıʵԷȴڸ¼һ
ʱ򣬶ԷǰλͻȻһˮȥͻȻı仯ˮһ㶡
Ĭ
ûٸʤ͵Ϯ飬ҹһڴоϲ̨İһ壬̰ɫɱ
ʥʱȻһԹۿѸٵվˮߡ
ˮЦſʥ
һӣŹ֮
Ź
׷
ˮϴ΢Цֱӻ֮
Էˮʥǰʱ򣬷Լͨ˽̶һ˫ǦһٶȽһ룬ʵ˺ܶ࡭
֣
ˮ˵ͷ˹ȥڴ󺺷㶵ʱֱӳ֣ڴŵ֮ǰϵϵҲܱûãǿ֮û֮ĲǾ޴ġ
ٶ
ˮĻƽսҵб̳ǿϢѹô󺺵ˣסˣôľûˡ
һûԷˣˮһֱӷɽŴѹȥһֱӽѹƣöԷ޴ӡ
ɫˣ֮ǰǿԳסڵʵ˲٣ûкʵһ־ĸо
ˮ֮ôǿΪԷٶ½һ֮࣬ͻȻһ룬ģʵһ벻¡
ٶȾΨ첻ơ
½Ҳв׷ȥģԼĳٶ£һ˲ҪԷ
֮̿̿Ͷߵ·ߣ㲿λٶȹһɱһûеֱˡ
ٶȣ׷ٶȣоܵٶȣɹ˿ء
ΪٶȽ;ʵʧ˺ܶ࣬οɵʵͣһñʵ˫ֱˡ
ȻˮֻǿߣԷ߸ǿߣٶҲԲ
ˮ࣬ʱĿʥŮ˳ִ磬û˿ˮʽ֮ʥ
ʥӴߵ
ʥʱ֪ԼʲôоȻ֪˻Щû뵽ôԵĿûбϣȴû뵽Ȼôĳϡ
ˮæһӳȥΪЩҲǻᱻɱģûΣյľ£ϾҲôס
ںˣ˲ֱԼһʵ˲ֹһٶȱҪһٶԸıˡ


1841 ȫѹ
ͻȻı仯˫ûսֱתˣȫѹ߸˴ʥоرĺãҹǱƵѪ
ˮʱоԼǸܣʱоһԼñ˵ʵͣüʵӡ
ս⻷ʹ˳󷨵ȣ˫һһʵĸӴ
ʥҲ֣һͨ󷨵ˣҲĵǣԼһս֮Ժûļӳɻ᲻ܲϰߡ
ָоˮ⣬ǰϷԼû󣬶Է󣬺ͱӹ߰ٷֶʮʲôģϰˣôͻȻûܲˬʵϰߣùһ֮ͻỳʹûоرź
ԸЩȻ֣ɱıɱԷ֮ʣµѾȫԷǧһ߳
ǿǰ˺սûõģһɨֱӾһƬ־һΧڵĶֱ
ˮս֪ҹˣЩʱҪϾɱģ֪ﲻô۸ģעҪú
ޡ
ˮгޣһζĵ͵ҲǺܺãһ㻹Ҫһ㣬ҪԾԵѹƽԷ򵹡
ڤ󡭡
Ȼѱʹ
󺺾ֵ˵
ѱʹѱʦͬĵطѱʹǿޱȣ˵ʹߣǿѱ
ͽԼڤѾǵأգ޴ӣ߸ǧ룬вٻǰͷ룬ٶǴģԱġ
ЩȻû̫вЩȺЩһҹǾɱͷġ
ˮԼһ˾ͿȺսսҾܵҲǿģɾУʥʯָˡ
̤̤
սҵĽţΧˮֱ壬ʥҲвòսֻǴ󲿷ֶûж
ˮʥԸģսĴ󲿷𲻵õģͽ
ĻսˮͻоǿֲģɽҰȺ룬Щͷǧֻ;ԳƵҰˣϿյļֻǿޣ׳𺳡
ӵʱ䣬ӵʱͽսûʤһǨӳȥһȴӵʱͽԷ
ʥɽ߼ûʲôҵĴ򶷻ǲһЩˣʮˣѾǿԺԲˡ
ʥɽѾɨսˣˮǿΧģɱ¾ղԼ֪ɱ˶ˡ
ʵϲɱˣϲָоΪɱˣЩߵɱ¾֮ˣǵɱ¾ΪʵĿĲɱˣʵ
ʲôأ
ʥߵˮʵ
ûУþûɱôˡ
ˮЦЦ
˵仰ʱܹ֣ڿƽ͵˵ԼɱˣǰʱǷᣬɱҪģǵúεʱɱˣ¾ж֪Լˣֻ֣ζܸоʲô˵ĸо
ʥȻˮ仰һ㶣ѩҲ֪ˮҪʲô˼
ôˡ
ʥ΢Ц˵
Ǵûϲ
ˮŤͷʥŮˡ
˶ϲ𣿡
ʥʵ
ͷѪȻܴ̼ʱ䳤˾ͻᷢԼѾľˣʱ䳤ˣԼѹҲҪϰɡ
ˮƿš
ÿ˵ʱʵԼ֧䣬Լʲô͹ʲôÿ˵ʹעģеһͱѪ𡣡
ʥҡҡͷε˵
ˮǰһ仰˵һ󣬵仰ʺ˵˸˵ǣȻܷǾֻܣֻܿˡ
Ȼˮˣô¶ǣʥ̲סˮһۣ˵˼ôԣǸ˼
ˮֻεЦЦҲСˣܶ黹̹һ㣬ûбҪô࣬Խ෴Խα·Խʲôڽɼ
ˮЦЦǰ
ʥĸһߣû˵ʵĲôƽƺѾһЩۼ
ĨǷƺѣ˺ܶ޷׵ĺӺȨ⣬֪ʵ˵ƺر
رԼ֪һʲôⲻǺ棬Ǹоһʱָоá
ɲЩ˻𣿡
ˮ߱ʡ
УЩѾɲмʣµѾֵһˡ
ʥЦڵɡ


1842 Сʵ
ȻֵһˮͲˣʥɽҲܴãҲһġʥһصʥɽʱѾʱ֣⺣µȻϺͰ𲻴󣬵ġ
Ϣɣ
ʥˮк뿪ˡ
ˮ뿪ת߽ԼСԺŮƺе㲻ͬˮоһ仰Ĺģԣ֮ǰûô⣬ȴǸоˣָоǴ
ҡҡͷһǰΪѪŮʵ飬׿ЩºŮ˶ǣܲܶռΪС
뵽ЩҲȻˣ֮ǰǳģֱӽɾˡ
ʵȲǰҩָֻĹ٣ҩˣϧûа취ơ
ϴηûйһҩʲôҩСʵ
ʲôҲû˵һСʵּϺöľʲôҲûˣˮ֪Сʵŵ˵СʵȷҪãȷãʲôĵҩСʵ᲻дʵ
벻ͲˣʥĲֻңˮҪĸȣһֱȴģϱоܾ
֮壬꣬УԼһЩ񼼵Ĺޱ
һܴһעһĳɳڣҵ˽͸ףĸҲԲԼ룬ˮоԺ顣
ȻԼŮ˺ͺӣһһУһѾһ壬ɷָˮȱһʹġ

ڶˮĲǺ磬ҲǺɾ˲ʱˣѾˣѾϰ˺µ磬˸оƣΪӵˮݵԭ
֮߳ܵԺϢˮÿҲ֪ʥҲǻǵģ֪ʥﲢʲôѧҲȹ̸ϵ
һԺˮʥ轣ƮȻɣ飬Ϊٱ֮ףо֮ƣûеǹԵҲûذȴźȻ
ˮһ۾;ˣ⽣֪Ŀ񣬿Ǵӿȭݻģȭȭ
ȻŮ˻ǿȭԲпȭ̫ˡ
ǿľǿۡǿ£ϡ
ƣĪˮǿĪ֮ʤ֮֮ʤǿ֮ʤա
ȭ˵̫ȭߵһȭ
һ;;ͬ飬ˮǶô֣ܿʥͿˮͷкûͣ
ˮþûпˣôŮ轣ĺۣԸɴһ߿ϾǺ׿ģĶǺ˵ġ
ÿ𣿡
һӺʥĽˣˮ֮ǰѾ轣ˡ
ţС
ˮЦ˵
ʲôлУѵбҵĽ軹ÿġ
ʥЦſˮ
ˮЦЦҪ˵ĺÿ治ңҼµĻǿԵģˮ뵽һܾǰŮˡ
ǸнŮӣҵġ
뵽ˮֻܿЦһ£ȥˣЩעֻһ̫ͣĺۼ
㻹ͦŵ𡣡
ˮЦſŮˡ
ϴκһŮ˺ܺÿ
ʥЦ˵
˼·ˮоепգⲻ֪ôͳˡ
Ҳܺÿ
ˮ佱һ䡣
أ
ˮ֪ʵ裬ֻɫһ㶣Ů˵ôôϲȽϡ
ش𲻳ɣ
ʵܺûشҵŮƯһǺҵ۹ģȻôΪҵŮˡ
˶ϲŮ˵
ʥ̾ƺʧ
֮˽֮֮ǰıȽϣʵ˵ҲϲĪ㲻ϣԼƯ㡣
ˮЦˣƺ⳶ĸԶˡ
ʥҡҡͷ˵ЩˣղҿʵڿҵĽУʲô𣿡
ûУ㿴Ҹһ£֪Ϊʲôˡ
ˮ˵֡
ʥеݸˮ
ˮ̫ǰͬٶȲǺܿ죬ҲرȴƺᲢã˵ƮݣƮ⵫̺ǿĸ֮
һֵĸоӾϵĳַ֮˾ȡ
ʥȻ͸۾ˮĽʥĺãˮھҪߣʮĥһôĥȻûƽսꪣˮڽϵȴǺܵС
һӵʱˮͣɫɣƺһ鶯Ʈ֮ʥΣ
ã
ʥ˵һ֡
ˮݸʥ
ʥӹ˵ɲԸôģ
ʥ֪ˮȻ¶Ͳģ̸Լ


1843 
ˮûԥϻش𣺡Ȼԣĵ޽ģһ˵ľһ˵ĽֻԶõġ
ƺܼ򵥣ȫĻ治Ǻܶ࣬ȫĲ࣬ʥǿ߶ȫ
Ϊ˭֪ɣǸоּ츳Щʱͻгɾ͡
ҲοʱҲ֪õģеģһȫġ
ȫȫĵͶ룬⽣еƣǰҲҪϤУϤʱȫţֻȫͶ룬Ͷ뽣С
˽һһ־磡
ˮ˵ý֮ʲô˵ˣˣΪ漰ľ̫̫ӣûˮԾ֪ǿ
и취֪鲻⡣
ˮ˵
ʲô취
Ҹܵڵľͨģ˵ܺѧʵе㲻Ҵһ顣
ˮʥ˵
ʥһ㶣Ȼƺеᣬ֪ˮ˵ʲô˼ʵִһ飬߼顣
ðɣҶоռˣٸ˵һɣоͶ˵顣
ˮʥı˵˵治Ҫռˡ
ûǸ˼鷳һ°ɡ
ʥСһЩ
ˮ붺ģ뻹ˣߵȻסս֣۾ĸܣÿʲôĸо
ˮΪվһɵ㴫ıУܵȴǺܺţζܱȵģģֻ˲С
ˮͬʥߴĻǺϢģӿ죬ˮĻһ
ߺܶʱǲ̫ƽŮܲ׵ģȻĽӴ罻ֽײһЩϵײЩ˻ǻųģǰŮ˻һ
ˮס֣ϸ壬ԲȥоĸоһĶϸ⻬һֿôĴ̼ˡ
סԼŮ˶ĶлУ˵ͨƣһЩ͵ȵŮ˺ҵŮ˶˺ܶܶ࣬ܶ˶ס
ľ壬ָоʵҲʥųģ·类˿ģоǷ·˽һ
Ȼһ趯һѽˮʥ趯ϵƺˮʥӣζһ㣬ٶȲǺܿ죬Ͼֻ֪á
˵ϵĺֻŮ˵ߵԭˮܸоǻԲ̵ͦĻȣÿһζʱ򶼻ĸһƬĥ䡣
֮ͳ壬ôûŮˣƲסľͳһرۡ
ˮɫŲӣԼ󣬾Ӵƺ⣬Ů˵β̡
ʥһƺûбʾʲôƺѾѾˮɿ֣ѾˣֻҪҲԡ
ˮΣΪ뿪滹ǲͣǡ
ʥܺ죬ûгˮ𣬵Ǻˮһۣ֪ŭߣƲͷ
ˮűӣǸˣ治ҿơ
ŲҸ
ʥ˵ŻһеĽ
ˮһ浹ǺܿͣˣŮ˶Ǻݣ֪ԷҲ˵˵֮ǰԼŬƣʵĦҲ¡
֪˲ǹռˣʥҲû̫һΣң֮ǰȻµҪӴû뵽Ѿ˼붷˺ܾãȴǡ
·һ»治һ£ʥǸˣԼҲڣԵʲôҲûз
ˮʱһ˵˵ٴʾȻʥʼԼ轣ˮһָ㡣
ⷬɾ͵Ȼ޻˵Ů˵ǿԱŬҪҪĶ࣬ԵŬܳɹûԿԶҲܳΪǿߡ
ˮ֮ǰ¶Ҫ׽ûԭģýģľһ㴰ֽԼĻҲпĳһͱҲпһͱƲˡ
Ȼʲô˶ʸȥͱⴰֽġ
ܿʥͳԼĽУˮҲʼԼĳӭŶ̫ȭ̫ȭѾֻһ֣ͱˮĵֻʣһ˿̫ˡ
ʥͣʱ˶һı仯վ·һѩţ·̹Ȼ֮䡣
ˮûϴһֱԼعʱȻǶ򣬵ȴ򣬵õĺôǾ޴ġ


1844 㲻ϲǣα
һʥعԶˮЦЦ˹ȥƺ֮ǰûзһ
֪ԼõĺôǶôľ޴󣬾ôһ׵Ľ⣬Ӧǽɣʵս˺ܴı仯֮ǰһڿ©ٳǾ޴ı仯
ôõʥй֮޲ĳЩ£ʥֻȻˣǿΪѱɲԼǿ󣬶ֽʵǿʵͻƴǿҪõ̫ˣֽʵͻ
ֻҪ츳ŬʵﵽǸʱ⣬ֽǿģҪܴĻܸ򵽣˾ԼĻԼץסˡ
лл
ʥ˵һ䡣
ˮҡҡͷÿ
ʥЦȥԵ㶫ɣֵףһ¡
˳һٷʢͣɲ飬ʥʵһոµľ磬θڸĺãԵҲƽʱһЩ
ʲôʱȥʥеĿˮʵ
ˮ֪ʵʲôеã˵롣
ˣ˻ʲôʲôҲҪȥģ𣿡
ʥվʰϵĶ
ˮ˵ζҪȥģαضѰأҡҡͷվʣµӶ

һˮݸʥʥҲûֻЦ˵˼ǵûҺú㡣
ˮЦЦͷ˶ԼģԷʥʰˮֻϲգߵϣиѾͿˣ֪ǲˣ֪
һǰѪŮˮ͵һǽȻͬģԽƽˣɵ뵽ǸѪŮʡ
֮Ҳͼһ棬ǰӴʱôһᣬôܶδ֪ǲܿƵġ
ŻһأѾʼѪŮǶǿƺųǿĸ֪һˮѸٵӿ
ˮûǳ֣֪ʲôԭڿˮѾǵ࿴ǳúһֻһЩϸڵ
ˮǸŮ֮ƺĳϵرߵѪŮʱһָˮǰǰ
ܿˮ͵һɽȣľҺطͬﲻ֮ǰĺɫɽȵһƬдУ۵ɫһƬٵ
ܶ޴ľЩľһСľ¥֮Ŵִ֦·λü԰һЩ֦·ϵĿȣһһܺÿ
ܿѪŮҲŷΣˮһǰƺŷεѪŮ˺ܶࡣ
ǿˮʱеŵģߵǸģѪŮʵк£
ˮüһֱɱǣϾ֮ǰһֱоһаĴڣڸоھͷ
Ůأ
ˮֱʵ
ʲô
ʱһɳȴǺܺ
ѪŮֱ֮ӹˣˮ̧ͷԶĵط
һѪɫȹ
ޣ˫ƺһϣֱͦǣԸе촽޵һ˿͡
һͷںڳֱĴ󣬸պóһƵĳȣƺûʲôϸʱܿ΢΢С
ȻѪŮʵĻˮһ˿˵ĸо֪Ůһ֪ԼΪʲô
ˮûʱкܶ뷨ڿƺûô뷨һƺҲˣԼ֪Ϊʲô

ѪŮû˵ϸĿ˿ˮЦ˲˵ʵýģȻΪҲӣʵԺûκιϵġ
ˮŮ˵Цݣ޵Ѥһ֪ŮʵҲ˵ΪѪŮԼ࣬˴˵ʲôĶͬ
ʵʱ뿪ʱҾ֪ԼܻʲôĽҶ
ˮ롣
ʲôأ
ѪŮƽʵ
ˮһ֮ǰˣԼȻûлش𣬲֪ôشǱʶʱرܣȴǱشˡ
뿴
ˮ˵
仰ѪŮһһ˵ĸоδеĸоеᣬеܰ˵ĸоƺָо
һʼͲˣȻҲʳľѪȻҲûһӾͰֻǸоվߺҲ
㲻ϲǣαء
ѪŮ˵֪ˮҪĺӡ


1845 ûҲ
ˮһ㵣Ϊʲôô˵
Ҫô˵
ѪŮʱǺ̹ȻһˮǰܴˮҲ˺ܴı仯ƺˡ
ǲһ治ѪŮһУ֪㲻ϲһǺԼ˺ܾðɣ
ѪŮ΢Цˡ
ˮ仰ȴǸоԽˣоԼ̫СˣԷ΢΢ҡҡͷôӭ
ˮЦŵѪŮЦЦʵҸлл㣬Ҳ㣬ôҾͿ㻹ᣬԭԵǹģ𣿡
ˮһ˵ʲôҲˣʲôã˵Ů˵ǲĻ˵
Щ鷢˾Ƿˣ޹ģҵѪ
ˮ֪Ůǹô˵ģЩʵѾҪˣ˵ģЩѾˣǾǷˣӱܻ߱Թ˵
ǰһЩõ鷢ˣ˵һʱ䲻ǷŭͷѸȣʧͣΪڷŭͷǶʧûκΰġ
ڸûйϵҲô
ѪŮʾĿˮ۾
ˮĬˣʵԵһᣬ˵ʲôԵĻ뵽ѪŮһĴҲеĻ䣬ԼˣԼҪʲôĽǶôȷ
ϲǿ˭ҲϲǿˣûпŮ˵֮ǰĻǲʵ뷨ҲˣܲԷʵ뷨
ңҿϣҪ֯Һòã
ˮ˺ܾò˵
ѪŮЦˣĵĿˮĲиѪŮŮ
˵ˣ޹ģҵŮĲҪ
أ
ѪŮζĿˮˮζû뵽ôŮ˻ɫ
ôˡ
ˮʵ֪ʲô˼
ѪŮһ㶣ŹֵĿˮŮŮʲôأ
Ҫʲô
ˮʵĲ֪Ůʲô뷨
ѪŮ΢΢ǳĽëϸںһĽëԸе𺳣Ŷе̧ͷʵųѪŮų⡣
ˮҡҡͷҲųʲôֻǶһЩӶΪܽܡ
ﾺ棬ǴȻĹأȻھȨԵʳҲֺǵ⣬ǵѪѪŮʲô𡣡
ѪŮʿˮʵ
ѪŮʵҪʳޡѪҺʳѪŮģģʳͻǿߵע⣬ǻ֡
ˮǰһܶ˶֪ôһ£ΪʰǴͳ£ĺ٣һǮʮǮء
˵ձ˼ǹñأԼأ󲿷ֻһԸ
ѪŮʵĻˮ֪ôܶ˶֪˳⣬ɱЩҰ޳飬ѪŮʳѪҺ˵Ҳ顣
оûʲô޿Щ޵ʲôоϾһЩѾһЩ˼룬ߵȼ޺̲࣬Ȼ˵ɣѾޣ޻ǻһֱĸоϾҲޡ
ôҲײеĴڣǿʳֻһַʽ
ǵǲ˵̫ԶˣҽŮ
ˮԸôࡣ
ֻ仰˵ѪŮҲһ㶣ϵı鼫ḻϲĿ˵ҲҵŮ
ûҲ
ˮҲ˵
ô
ѪŮɫе˵
ˮҲû뵽ô˵ˣŮ˵ģޱȾޣرȻСڶĸо
֮ҪˣʱҾɡ
ˮ˵
ѪŮڶ֪Լʲô飬ͻȻԵ֪ôмܣһʱҲ֪˵ʲô
ˮҲû뵽õģ֪ãҲ뿪ˣʲôԼĿʲôȷ
ˮΧǾ޴ľϵľݣĸǿյģҪһġ
סһ˲סģɡ
ѪŮһε˵
ˮ֪ڵôˣѾ˻͵أȥȺӳӦûøðɡ
ǸҽʦƵҽûҽʦĻҿԡ
ȥ

ˮҲ֪ΪʲôŮ˷Ӧôңɽˮһߵϥ


1846 ʥŮ
֮ǰһ֣ˮ鷴ޱȣԼαؼƽôأƽô衢أ
ǰ˵ǶĴ˿Ĵڣֺһ֣һģһªġ
µˮɽһʮ죬м䲻ٵѪŮﾭûиܵѪŮٴǰϢ
Ȼûг֣ˮ֪֪Լʲô̫ˣ˵ܿҪˣҲġ
һֱʱһѪŮˮǰŮȥ
ˮһ㶵ͷѪŮɽһľȥ̤ľȻ̨ף֮ľȣΧдеоλ
ԽԽ徻ԶŻһѪŮӦվڵģЩŮˮ濴ŴƵŮͬǲ룬һ˫ȻһûӰ쵽ۡ
ˮѪŮҲѪŮûг򣬺ȫһﲻһ̫ˣȻ죬ȴǱޱȣּ˵ʽ
رһЩ뷨ˣˮ֪Լû뷨ҲϾǰֻǴ˵еĶ
رھݴ½ǿѣ˵ܼ򵥣ﵽξܽӴܶ۵ĵط
ŮԼȥ
Ů˵ÿ·Ȼת뿪ˡ
һľ¥ûţҪ߽ȥոܽ񹤵ĽˮѵļҲйڽģûҲˮķϵһ
̤ڹ⻬ľϣȻľʵذ塭
ҲһЩؽ֦Ҷ۹⻬װƷһˮ֪Щǻŵֲ
ۣ
һӤ޵洫ˮһ㶣ˣ
Ȼ֪Լܾˣ۵ĿʱһϲԼ֪Ϊʲô
ҲڿΧֱȥĵطܴһ䴮һÿ䶼дľķʣﶼľȻû˵
䣬һֱĸʱſ⴦Сһ㣬ؽ룬ûֲһŴ齣ѩ׵Ĵ齣ѩ׵ı졣
ˮ뵽һѪ·û뵽ĴȴѩɫΪϲɫģȴǲ֪ˡ
ˮһ۾ͿűѪŮʣʱһ̧ͷˮŵ΢Ц
ʱһʥĹԣһ˿ĸԵĹԣˮɵ뵽̨գһҲģ
ˮЦ߹ȥ£ŽѾͷѪŮʲµԶĶŮһ㲻ֻһ
СѾͷȻһ죬ȴǷ۵һ˫ڱʯһ۾ˮһܴôСƺѾ֪ˣˮʱȻһ
ǰһЩӶº͸һǲߺӲ۵ʱˣһۿĸףĸҲ˫۾᲻ٸˡ
ˮܵСѾͷǿҵʥ֮ʥŮԼŮʥŮҲһǿĴڣˮԼŮ
СѾͷҳ񡣡
ˮһ̧ͷѪŮ˵

㿴ͷ㿴ٱ㿴СӺҵһֱ
ˮǺЦ˵
ҵıӲֱ𡣡
ѪŮû˵ˮһʵǷϻСѾͷǺеü֮֮ر
ұ
ˮµ˵
ֱŵСĵ㡣
ѪŮʵûжСĵĵݸˮ
Ҿġ
ˮСĵĽӹ
ŶҵˣӺӵġ
ѪŮЦ˵
СѾͷʲô
ˮ⣬֮ǰĻ̸ȥҲûʲô˼
û֣Ҫ֣
ѪŮѯʵĿˮ
ǸջǸգ
ˮ̧ͷʵ
հɣ㶼ˡ
ѪŮЦ˵
ʲôأȢʲôֺá
ˮֵڻ֪Ů˽ʲô
û֡
ѪŮ˵Ȼ
û֣
ˮĿ
ѪŮҲãѪŮҲöûֻ֣иԼСĴţѪŮŮʣžʡˣҲûˡ
Ѫ΢Цſˮ
ôƺ㣬
ۣ
ѪŮʿĵЦˣˣְɣ
ͽɣ
ˮ뵽һ֣ȫǣǰиŮǿĴڣˮҲȡ֮һ֡
֮֮ţ
ϲ֡
ѪŮʵǿĵ˵ˮҲǺܿģȻҲϲǾͽˡ


1847 类
ʱôһ֮ûκιϵˣȴͻȻ֮Խǧ˹ϵ
ֹϵΪĵû֮仹ǲκιϵˮҲĵѪŮһС
ˮǵЦ˫ˮһĴ۾аƺܺ棬ǰһ캢ɫһ˾ޱȣھݴ½ʲô鶼ġ
ѪŮʾĿˮŮǳ񣬻ָŮгĻǴ㵣ûһ졣
ѪŮһ޷ģǼûиףѪŮʺطѪŮķʽУ󲿷ֵѪŮҲһҪϲС
ҲãҲãģԼʹʣѪŮҲ֪ǵĸ˭ǵĸ׶ǱĸѪġ
ⲻ֣һĻУҲǺѽܵģѪŮһ顣
ѪŮʵĴһûôңǴ֪ĸѪŮʣԼĸĸǳ֮ͻ뿪֮ǰһµĵطΪһߣԵɺϲܳΪѪŮʡ
ѪŮʵĸֻѪŮûдﵽ߾磬ҲǻԵɺעˮŻΪŮʾ硣
ŮŮֻƺţʵĴһ־磬˵һָ߶ȡ
ֻߵѪŮмͥһѪŮǲмͥģֻʣŮѪŮǲܺһģѪŮһ壬ҲǣѪŮҲ˵Ĵڡ
ˮ̧ͷϲѶŮЦ˵ôң뷨
ˮҲܵڵղЦſЦ仰˵ʵѾȻԷûн֪
ˮĽܲ˵ҪʲôֻѾԼˣΪŮԭעҪ塣
ѪŮѪŮ΢Ц˵
ˮͷѾ˯ŵСѾͷڸ֮𡣡
ʲô֣ѪŮ˵ڻ֪˽ʲô֡
ˮܵĵìܣЦſҽˮ֮䱾ûйϵһˣκѡ񣬵֮ϵǷˡ
ѪŮһ㵣֪壬Ȼþ֮˵֪㲻ϲѪŮһ壬֮ûʲô㲻ǿԼ
ûǿԼҪǸоǿȲˣҵǾί㡣
ίң
ѪŮܾȣȻЦ˼˵ҿûίʳһ˵ѪҿǺ޵ġ
˵ܵ͡
ˮˣһڱһѪŮһı﷽ʽϲһ˾Ѫ
ˮ˼Ŀ㡭ϲң
Ҳ㡣
ѪŮЦ
ˮεЦЦ׸ˣһΪϲء
ѪŮе㲻ˣ֮ǰоԼԼѪһ壬ڵı仯ʵеת䲻
Ըϲ㣬㲻Ѫһˣ
Ҿûôͣ˾ֻܽܺܣʵʱҲܡ
ˮ˵
ף
ѪŮѵһ䡣
ˮϲǱ޵ȴȻɫˮһҡҷֱֱĿ
ѪŮʱˮһĻţ΢΢ͷ
˵ŮˣҸоҺ⡣
ˮعЦ˵
ѪŮȻ֪ʲô˼̧ͷʵʲô
ŮˣҿʲôҲûгԵ
ˮЦ
Եʲô
ѪŮһ㶣ϾˮĻЩرס
̡
ȥ
ˮЦſŵŮˣĸоǺǿģܸоŮ˵һĲȻ˲ʱ죬ΪŮԭԿһЩֵܹЦ
ӦЦɣ뵽ˮɵİĿͶѪŮ֮ͦҲΪŮԽķͦ
ˮ֪Ҫʱ䣬Ů˸ŮҪػ֮Ҫʱ䡣
֪Сȥˣˮ֪ʲôʱбڴϺѪŮʼǲſţСѾͷѾ˯ˡ
ˮΧԱߵŮ˵һȣȥԵġ
ŮҪһǿߣʺܺãһǲġ
ˮҩĺܺã˵Ϊ˭Ĳ˲äĿţҲҪš
ѪŮٴξһ£ˮϾôҲ뵽˵᲻ᣬǿǲźŮ˵ġ
ȵʱˮѾ뿪ˣҲŵĵҪӵɾԵ̫ˡ


1848 ΪŮ̱Ԫǿ
ˮǺܿģҩţоĺ٣ǰǳһЩ֮ģЧܺãȻ໹ҪԵġˮ֮뵽ѪŮѪġ
֮ǰææĳȴǲ֪òõϣһˮе㲻֪ε߽ҡ
㣡
ѪŮ΢Ц߽ˮ˵
ǸˣƺЩҪҵѪ
ˮ˵
ѪŮѵ¶һ͵Ŀ⣬ûиоȻȻ˵ǲǲԶѪһѪΪΪʵԭѪʵ߲ѪҪʮҲѪһ츳
ԭ˵ʳЩ޵ľѪЧá
ˮڴߡ
½ǧÿ嶼иԵȻĴڣɣΣÿһжһͨ۷壬˭ĻԵ컯ˡ
ʵѪرѪҺҲҲʳκ˵Ѫ
ѪŮʿˮЦ
˵أѪ㣬ҪѪĻҵģѪģѪ㡣
ˮ˵
ѪŮֺˣ̲סǲǲմ˺ܲҷ֮ǰı仯ܴ󡭡
ˮԿҨһЦŵݵѪŮʵߣȺһ˵Ǹ⡣
ѪŮǱʶſڣȵʱŷԼιģ֮ǰƺоȻûиоʲôףһ
ˮȴǺܿģŮ˾ȻûųԼȻһ˳ˣôȻа취ιȥ
ѪŮԼȣˮôӦֲˮֻܺˮһιȥȴǺúȣҲܾôõĳա
һ֮ľ볹Ůǣˣ֮ĹϵҪһЩصġ
ǰǺӴҲ룬ˮϲ飬ûй涨һһޣֻҪŮ˲뿪˭Ҳ뿪Ҫ뿪ҲҪǲı⣬ɲŮ뿪
ںľǸ飬鵽һ̶Ⱦ飬Ůм佫ɵ˳׵ϵΪ׵ˡ
ˮһ£ΪСѾͷ̱ԪʱѪŮʺܵģ֪ˮẦԼŮǺܵġ
ˮΪ˲ģΪ̱ԪһΣѪŮʳ׷һΰ̱Ԫǳʵ͸˾޴ı仯
Ȼڷ츲أҲǺܽӽˣ̱Ԫôÿһ߶ģй֮޲ȷһʮ¥ȣֻתˮˮḺ́Ԫʮ¥˸ֽˮཨһһιޱȡ
еı仯Ȼһˡ
ѪŮҲ֮Żع񣬹̱ԪҲͰʱ䣬ʵȴ˺ֺܶ࣬ôܼ򵥵ӼΪ̱Ԫ󲻵ʵӣԺķչռҲǸ
̱ԪһСʱԽСԽãֻҪܹ̱Ԫǰ£ڵСѾͷḺ́ԪʱرСģӤľϸ̱ԪҪպãССһʱ伸αķʽ
ڹ̱Ԫ֮ЧǶôԣʱԽԽԣļӣһֱ۶ûгֹϣҸޱȵļ̣ṉ̀Ԫĺô
СѾͷ̱ԪõʱѪŮʻҪмСѾͷһֱ˯ȻˮĻ˯Ѩ
ˮųСѾͷʥŮټԼһ͹̱ԪǱܣ󻹲֪εľ޾ء
˯úŮٿߵˣѪŮʸоһǰδеůǼңСʱҲоҵůϣԼŮҲһļңĸףҲиס
ʵûˣȻʳˮľѪû齨ͥڻˣһŮ˸ס
Ҳһֵÿĵ£׶ҺǿԺѾͷҲиɽᱻ۸
ΪĸҲֻѾͷ۸Ĺƻ治࣬ǣֻ֪Ůиĸס
ˮסѪŮʵ֣еһҪһ㣬ͬʱҲܵһû
ܵŮûˮſѪŮʣʱѪŮҲĿˮһڻ
ˮ
ѪŮһǺܾŵģһαһ˱סˮ֡
ˮһס飬ͷԸе촽


1849 ʮŮͼ
ˮǺȴǺܽĽסѪŮΪȵľ΢ӣ⵹Ƿˮͷֱ롣
ѪŮʷӦʱˮѾӵظǽǵ඼˹
һǲǺܳҲẠ̊́ܶˮɿѪŮ΢΢͵촽ʱ˶վȵĸоˮ
ʱˮеϾѪŮʲѰŮˣԼǿҪŭҲģҲ˶Էŭ׼
ѪŮƺûзŭԹĿˮΪŮԭ㲻ϲҲҪô𣿡
˭˵Ҳϲ㣬ϲƯŮˣƯ
ˮ˵
ܸоҾͲѹ
ѪŮ̾
£Ȩľ㲻֪˶ٽô¸ҵķϣͲܹҡ
ˮε˵˵ʱ촽
ѪŮΣεĻ˵ĻԼѵԼҪ
ʹĺˮһۣʱǽ糺ոӷ֣޷һˮٴ͵ϮһС
ѪŮһǳ׵ûˣҪȴûҵĻдûйС
һˮϸϸоӦЩѧܿѧᣬȻʱܱ׾ȴǸˮ̼
ˮɿʱ֮һ˿˿һÿѪŮߵӶˣɫ޵Ůһ
ô
ˮѾԼŮ˵ѪŮʡ
ʲô
ѪŮʵʡ
оô
ˮЦ˵
á
ѪŮֱ˵
ˮٴȥһƷ۵ζ
ô
ˮЦʵ
á
ǾһΣ

ˮûٴȥɽߣȻѪŮҲܺʲô˵岻ܣӦҲôɡ
ﰤŵĻһңҲѪŮʵңֻ΢Сһ㣬˵ңҲ֪Ϊʲôˮסˡ
ˮʱоԼûų⣬Ȼеţȴƺеڴ뵽ϾͻģΪԼᶯ飬ǿˮʱ͸оԼĿǳˣƺܺá
ˮ߽ŵķ䣬һСһķ䣬ִСķǰŮӵĹ뷿סףһؽֻ࣬ˮһȵ޷ݡ
ǽһһѪŮʵĻһѪĳȹ޵ŵգͤͤɣһ˫ѩ׵С
Ůͼ
ˮôҲû뵽һŮͼȻѪŮʡ
òŻع˵ѪŮʱȲŮͼϵŮӣ˿ѷɫǣˮΪ庮ҷҹ˹裬Ԭնпܣʥһо̫ȣû뵽ѪŮʡ
ǽϵˮȻῴǵʮŮͼԭһŮͼǵһ
֪ʲôʱѪŮѾվˣˮԼĻҲû˵
ǺܶǰһΪ˵Ҹ棬󸻴󡣡
ѪŮ΢Ц˵
ʲô𻹻ţ
ˮԽľˣ˲١
˵ʵɲ⣬˲֪ٱ
ѪŮҲǳԾĿˮ
ţǧǰ𣬻ãʲôʵ˵Ǹ߼Ҳ
ˮоԽԽˡ
ôʶǸˣ
ѪŮʾȵ˵
ҲŻ˼ʮ꣬ôʶ
ˮҡͷ
ҲǼʮ껹ˡ
ѪŮʷ
ˮһҲǣǺЦԭôᡣ
Ĳġ
ѪŮʱĳƺһ㶣ûһֱǺͮͮġ
Ȼ˵ȴֵĺܿģζһŮˣ˵ЩȻ˵ģʵǺܿĵġ
ˮǵһκŮô飬ʵ治Ǻܶ࣬ԼŮ˵֪Լǵ
Ҫ
ˮͷѪŮ˵
Ҫ͸㡣
ˮҪȻҪʲôỻġ
ˮЦժĿţ֣Ȼǵʮ
˱ˣ˶ˡ
ѪŮЦ˵
ˮսɾӵһѪŮʣ´һ֮ǰĴϣǺãСѾͷŻص䡣
ؽĴϣˮһŮͼˣӦø˰ɣЩƺڤڤעõһôɺϵԼʮŮͼ


1850 ǿŮʮ
ʮŮͼԼɾУоǵҲţʲôʵûйϵԪж٣˵ļʲô
оʮŮͼʲôѵʮ쾭ʮ쾭ͨ˻ʲôΪһźҵҲããһļû뵽Լʮʱҵˡ
ʱˮֱӳɾѪŮʵĻ׳ɽ֮ϣʮŮͼĲš
ƺһ˵ĹʵĽΧ磬ˮУãһ˵
ƺǾ֮Ǿ֮棬ɺĴˮһˮš
һ˵огˮɺصĸоˮĸǣѪڷš
˿ƺ٣ȴ಻ɺĴëë꣬оܺãӾҲܺãûûҪأʱ䡣
Ȼˮڵǵõ˾޴ĺôҲҪʱ䣬ʱ̫̣ôôͻ٣ʱ㹻Ǿ׬ˡ
ˮվһ㵭ĹΣǽ⣬ƺɫ߲֮ɫǹΣ絭
ˮָоʱѾȥʱ䣬øҲ֪ԼڵʱѾܳ˰ɣˮоܳˣϾǵһο
ԼʵĲر࣬ԭʮڵʮʵﵽһʮ
֮ǰЩ治࣬ˮȴǷһ޴ĺôԼʵ۵ĸӽʵˡ
һƶһһƶһ廨ĴƷȫ֮Ĳ̫ˡ
һ裬ǱȺ˺ǱǸϬһƶ廨ѹŴϣǶôĿ¡
ػһѰػܱȵģ˺ͬʮˮĿԴٽɵ˺
ˮʵʮңƻȴֹ֮࣬ùǿ󣬻оԴߣرһЩԵĴЩҲ˺ܶࡣ
ʮŮͼһˮֻǿȻõĺô㲻ŮͼһܣӦǰɣֻʲô
ˮܾøȡ֣ǴŮͼŮоֵֹġ
˰ˮҲû֣ʱŮˡ
ˮɾһ̫ȭڵ̫ȭζٴη˱仯֮ǰ⣬ƺһ⡣
һˮͻȻǰ˵־ˣɽɽɽɽɽɽ硣
ʱҲ˺ܶණʵ;Ƿֲģֻʵﵽ˲Żо磬þûʵҲûо硣
ˮĻӰ˦ж֮羫飬ж֮ᲢãεĸᲢá

ڶˮĺ磬ķʱѪŮѾˣڸι̣ñˮ
ô󣬺ðף
ˮЦǰ۾һգգĿѩ׵Բ򣬷˶ͦѩһ˿㴫
ѪŮҲû뵽ˮֱӳˣ֮Ĺϵι̲ûرܣû뵽ˮֱ˵ĸ֡
Ǹ쵰
ѪŮ
еĽ
ˮʱƤǺܺģںЦ
ѪŮˮĻȻ֪ʲô˼ֺˣˮˮλĽűߣڴϿι̡
ˮҲ㣬סǾӨĽѾϸ壬ʯźˮסŵѪŮһˮҲˣſҡ
ˮЦˣŮԸǲģھȻˣôͲ³ԭ򣬽ӦдҲΪʲôЬԭɡ
㰴ĦĦɣ
ˮЦſʼʼĦ
һˮѹֵ޴ԣȻޱȣѾСˣƺɽ֮ۡ
ѪŮʴʱ֪һ֪Լڵ״̬ر·ںܲ
̧ͷˮ˹ģѾɿԼĽţ̧ͷº͵Ц⡣
ˮǿǱ޵еһɬģһֻžﵽ۷ˣӦø𡭡
Ȼûоˣжںܶ黹֪Ůһ崫дţֻǷԼûǸ߽һֱˮһξѪһԵ֡


1851 ҪȢң
𣿡
ˮЦǺǵĿѪŮڶеˣ֪ϲôȤԼԼƺܿģҲ֪һ˵Լ˵һΪĻƺͻгɾ͸лǺ
ǻ쵰
ѪŮĵĺһ۰ѾͷݸˮȻһȥ
ˮ֪ȥϴˣǰ꺢һ㶼ҪһЩӲҪϴ裬ܼ£ʱʱʱ˷硣
粻һʱǿ󣬼ѪŮʵʵҲǰǿ̫ˣԲ£ʲôġ
ˮųԱŮС֮־ԼĹһرĸоܺãһִӹɢĿġ
ѪŮʳʱ򴩵һɫĳ£˴ԼرŮ˵ζŨˮҲһ㶡
ԭŮ˲ֻк·Ҳ·޵ϴһ˿ĺΣϾ֮ǰ黹Ǹܴģһ˲궼·Ҫȥ
˵ܶѨоرеģסԪѨزѨΧļѨֱַӿԸ
ʱСѾͷѾ˯ˣˮǱţѪŮ߹û˵ĴˮнӹŮŵϡ
Ȼߵ棬ˮ䣬˵֮ǰҵĿ
ôһֱסˡ
ѪŮʿˮ˵
˵֮ƺое㲻ԾҲô˵
Ҫ߰
ˮǺЦ
ѪŮЦЦסһ𣿡
ˮεЦЦɷÿڻĥ־Ӣڣ
ѪŮЦһӲȻƽʱҲЦЦôõģЦݾʻŵ˲䣬ҫзޡ
Ҳôģ˲һֱżŮ¡ѪŮЦſˮ
ˮӣѾͷˣʲôʱȢأ
ѪŮһ㶣ϵɫ֮ȻЦЦҪȢң
ȻӶˣǷŮɻ顣ˮȻ˵
ҲںǸ˵Ҳû㡣ѪŮҡͷ˵
ˣˮʵ
˵ʲôѪʲôѪŮһ䡣
Ŷ˼˵ˣΪʲô޸ҡˮﻹܸоġ
ǲþʲôʽ˳ȻɣҾ޸ˣôʽûףѪŮˮ
ˮһ㵣ί㡣
û˭ί˭ϲԸ⣬ٿίҲҸģ˵أ
ˮٴһ㶣ףѾͷȻ˵ôѧĻ
ѾͷѪŮʹŹֵĵˮһۡ
ǺʲôˮϲһѾǢˣôһЩضԭİѸٳΪ׽ˡ
ˮоûˣ֮ǰҲû뵽Ҳᣬеϲ̫Ҳá
ˣ뺰ʲôʲôɡ
ʲô㣬һֱˮҲһֱ飬ԼҲܲˣֻ֮ΪϲоԺܿ˵ĸ顣
ҲҵˣѾͷСҺ֣ܿڶһСһƵġѪŮ˵Ůرġ
ˮ뷨صȥģ治ԸŮĻ֪Լı䲻ÿ˶иԵļֺʹȥǿģĵһںĶһѡ
Ͱ׳ˣҲΪѪŮһǿĵˮЦ˵
ҵҰûôѪŮһӴޱȣѪŮҲǲ֪жٸֻҵ˺úȥѪŮҡҡͷЦ
Ѿͷ˻еѪŮˮ˵
Ҳ֪ݡѪŮҲû̫ľȡ
ս񴫳ߣŮʥŮˮŹֵĿѪŮʡ
ս񴫳ߣѪŮʳԾ˵
սеĻƽս񡣡
ƽսսеߣͷǴսĴڡ
ѪŮʺܳԾҪ֪ѪһսһǶģȻԶʱֱսĲǺܶ࣬ӪǶģϾѪŮһڶ˿аġ
ʹ᲻Ҷ֣ѪŮͻȻ˵
ˮ֪ս񴫳ʹħаڣˮˣǴСŸս¼ô治˵
ˮһ꣬Ųɵѭʲô缸ʮʲô͸ˣ𣬲̫ˣ̫ʹ࣬Ŭ߰ԼԼҸõʽ
֪ʲôҿĸ㣬ԶᣬҲϲعҾǶԼҲ㶯֡
ˮ˵


1852 £ΪŮΪ
ˮ˵һЩĳһЩضƶĹ򣬾ս񴫳ҪеħΪУҪһаӪΪС
ȻˮǻܶаӪĴսЩǳģ̨ջǰѪŮʵȡ
ѪŮʵ֪ˮǲֵģˮݻһ£ôҲû뵽ս񴫳ߣǻƽս񴫳ߡ

ܿСѾͷˣˮﲻ֪ѾһˣҲûбˣˮѪŮһٷʢ͡
˲پͺܷʢˣˮ³о⣬ѪŮʱŮһ߿ˮ˵⻰
ĸоһңܿģһˣһΪŮ³ѾǺѵˡ
С˯ˮûãСѾͷ˯ˣѪŮվˮߣֻգﲻ֡
ˮ
ѪŮĽһ
ţôˣ
ˮͷվڳѪŮʡ
޸߹ôҲڳӣվﶼǺܺгһָоʵˮڳҲǺܹ֣һȴóԵķˡ
ŮǲǶӦûأ
ѪŮʺʵ
ˮЦˣŮƽȣ˭涨Ůˡ
ˮ뵽ǰĴ϶ˣΪЩʲôŮ˶ܷתġ
ƽ𣿡ѪŮЦʵ
ŮɵģΪŮΪ;ͬ٣ҲǴСˮׯص˵
ֿʼ˵˵ˡѪŮ֪ˮ˵ģ˼ֻˮ
ܿͺã¡
ţĴӦҴ쿪ʼˣԾͳԲˡ
ˮ֪ǲģǺܿĵĵͷģҾԿܿѧᣬúҵζһģһ
ϾҪģˮţֻҪһóԡ
ȻͣҲ࣬ҹɢĹκܺÿ˿¹һѪŮʿƻʤա
ˮ̲ס̽ͷĴһڣⲻ͵ǣΪ߹ȥʱѪŮʿģЩˮǵĴ˵һεҲ࣬ÿζһӡ
ѪŮƺѾϰˣȻѪŮʣҲǸŮˣ˼άһжһŮˡ
ÿ˶飬˶Ҫ޵Ҳ磬ÿŮжһӣǰһ˵Ļ
֪һһĿ³֡
ʥ£
̤ɫƲȢҡ
Ѿˣ
ҵǸӢۣ
һɫƲȢҡ
ǰһ˵ĻˮоǰŮ˺ѪŮʣǷˣʵǷˣ
ٷ˺ܾãһɵȻˮ̧ͷѪŮʣʱԷҲڿ޵ȴǳһ˿ƽʱûеĺΡ
ˮһ󼤶˿ΣʲôҲû˵ֱ߹ȥȴ޵Ůȥ
ѪŮʱˮĲӣˮͷ΢΢̴ڣ֪һ˿ǣһŮ˵һȻҲˡ
ˮĴϣȥ˲壬ˮ뺰
ѹǷ͵Ѫȣϸϸס죬ҧĶ
ǾӨ۵ĶȾϵķۺ죬һֱѣֲֻ֪ıˮĲӣĻӦˮǡ
ˮķ۾һֱ£ȻǸʵɽĥڶ·Ķ˼ѹĦܸܿо˵Ĵ
ѪŮʵ΢΢ŤˮĲҲǽ˽зˮ
ˮͻȻ·סͦεĶˣס飬ѪŮһƲסķɳȴޱȵĶˣ̼ˮ
̧ͷ޵ĺһ޷ݵУˮѸٵĽ·ȥ

ޱõĽѩϸ֬ĽһʱһɾѪŮʵдˮ塣
ˮЦſѪŮʣȻ󽫿ھʱ򻹲ܣһɹɵľԪ֮˵ؽ
һյʱ֮ˮԼеŮٴζʮͼʱҪ죬ëëԸɺֵĴһָоܺú
ο£ˮ˵˫һɹɾѪŮʵʵϵͻͽһͻؿڣʵҲһǧȹ̸¥ƽ


1853 Ůͼܣʮ
ѪŮҲԼͻȻͻƾݣʱҲƺɬҪ֪ʱһ˵顣
ʵͺǿˣڱ֮ǰѾͬնǿߣĸооѪŮʣʵϵҲԽԽǿ
ˮǰʵһСͻƣȻ֮ǰʵҲʮʮˮ֮ǰʮԲСˣǿӵŮ֮ˮĹӼУѹǿԭͬˮȥƻҪǿĶࡣ
ų˰ʱʱ䣬ʱϳʱˣõĺôˮɾôöҪࡣ
һлָƽʱˮʼʱſʼ˵Ŀ֣һǿҵĻòϵĳˡ
һϵشˮɬıܿˮԼӣߵı۾ֻǿƲסķĽ
ˮ۾Ļ۾ֲˮֻ۾Ӽǹŵʣ˵Ȼ
ˮͷһһµĺĴ꣬ҧסק𣬵΢΢ſ촽ʱͻȥͷ̽ȥȻʱظ
Ȼͦεѩɽ壬Ƕ̺Ļˮղܣ̰ǡ
һֱʱ󷿼ƽѪŮԽȻ޵ռȻϢɫɢ
޶ˣ沼Ż֮ĺΣˮӵţˮı䣬Ŀӣָоܺãˮоرĺãر㡣
ղŽеô󣬺ܺˮЦ˵ɳƴԵһƵͽˡ
ѪŮİͷԼʱ֪ԼֿܷƲס
𣡡
㣡
ˮİ취ٴη֪Ϊֹ
Ȼһ˴ϣڶĶǺ磬СѾͷҲˣѪŮʱԽޣŷ۵СѾͷر
ˮĵģٴһ£ˮ׼뿪СѾͷѾˣͷ㣬˯ʱҲ
ˮ뿪ҲģڵѪŮʵʵֲܿˣˮЩ̸ٵĶǰһ׵С¼ס
ϾѪԶĶƷʱǰһ󲽡
ѪŮʸоԼܣգҽ죬󷨣ҩȣ֪٣Щѧѧ󷨡
ǳգѧĺܿ죬Ҫˮܶܶϣʮ궼òϣҲɫȫöĽķˡ
·Сģ
ѪŮ˵
ˮЦŵͷСѾͷգȻȫҲҪע⣬ʥɽѡ
ţҲܾˣﻹǺܰȫģҵʵ֮࣬Ҳһ󷨣õҡ
ѪŮʶͷˮĶͷ˵
´ʱ;ʽҵŮˣҪĳΪҵŮˣҲֻһŮˣΪѾͷ᲻ϧһдȥά
֪ҺҸģҲںЩ鲻ǿһʽάġ
һʱҴؼȥҵļ˺òáˮ˵ŮˣΪŮ˻϶ȥˡ
ǲϲҡѪŮʾȻѵ¶ǽŵɫ
ˮһıǼ⣺İɣǻϲģϲģǶϲ
ˮҵĶûΪʵüʲô٣౴ǿԺ޹˼ɵһˮϣĸ׵ĺöӣӵĸףӵˣŬԼһУϾֻܾԼ
ҴӦ㡣
ˮӰԽԽԶˮͬԽԽԶѪŮʺŮһ֪ʲôʱҲܿ죬ҲҪһʱ䡣
һǰˣЩעõģһŮͼҵˣŮ㲻ŮͼһܣǲǣԼõĺôҲǾ޴ġ
ˮʵﵽ˰ʮһ㣬ʵҲﵽʮһεͻƱ֮ǰҪܶ࣬ʮ֮ࡣ
ΪŮԭˮʵսٴαʮŮͼϵŮ϶Ůˣھʣ壬Ҳʱ⣬ʮ쾭Ѿͨʮһһںϡ
˲£ˮ뿪ﻹеʧģҪ뿪ѪŮ뵽ʥɽḷ̌ܶԺܿͻᵽʥɽ
ʥٴοˮʱ۾ٴһ˼ûƺЩͬˡ


1854 ڣƻ飿
һˡ
ˮЦŴк
˵֮Ÿо⻰ƺЩ壬Ǽһʲôطһ֪ΪʲôʥŮ廹оԸܺã֪ѣѵĵطͻоůԲ֪˵仰
㾫ܺãչ˳
ʥĵ˵˵Ѿߵˮǰ
˵⣬ˮȴһ죬Ͼ֮ǰȥʱû뵽ΪԼŮˣȻЦҵŮˡ
ˮʵ˵仰ǸѪŮŮˣְѣϣʥԺнӴĻԿķϺܺõദϾѪŮȻɲûˣʲôǰҲ໥֡
˭ˡ
ʥĵˮһۣŤͷŲԶĵȥ
ˮűӺٺЦЦ˵ʲôأʥ߽һ㶼ˮյʥɽʱÿһﶼģһʱ󶼻СԺԺС
ڴûжãˮܵһǿҵϢﴫʥɫҲˣǺܵģӦòرĵģĿʥǱʶ֮ͨǰķӦоӦ֪ô¡
Ҽˡ
ʥƺε̾һ
ˮǰΪӻ飬Ӧӻģ仰ҲȻˣʵô£
һǰһΣûдӦȥһοץһȥˡʥεЦЦ
ļ˲Ƕܺ𣿡ˮˡ
ӦҴǸ˰ɣҸĸ˴ԵʱһͶ¡˵ʥеɬ
źܶΣҪܵܶԼرһθТĺֱˣܵԼࡣ
Ҳԭ򣬴󲿷˸޾ħ׷޾δĿĲֶΣǿʹκֶδﵽԼĿġ
ѵļ˲֪㲻Ը⣿
ˮʵǰʱ֪ԹǵͣҲŵԣһͨļͥҲ
֪һԼȳܷڣοǶҼжˡ
ôĪ뿪Ҫ޹ȥˮЦʵ
㻹Цôϲѡʥѵ˵
㲻ǳ֣Ҳ֪ǲǵĶ֡
Ҳǳ֣ҲǵĶ֣ڡ
ʥ˵ЩλЩ
ڣڣʵҲ֣ʥʵ˵ԼûȻڡ
ǿϢԽԽʥȥˮȥ
ԶֻյЩݾ޴ͣͷˮеͷҪǴ˺ö౶ӥ޴ѩ˫ᡣ
ӥ
ҲһǿޣԶֻ֣ǴͲ֪ˣȴʮ㡣
ʮˣŮ٣ܿ͵ˮʥϿգǰϿգǺԶ
ã
ֻǿ޸ͣһŵһ⿡ܿ͵ˮʥǰ
ˮһ㶣ƺӦòãҳҲ񣬼֮ǰ˵ģˮоֻһܣǾʥ˶ס
֣ôˡ
ʥ΢Ц˵Ե֪ʣһǰԷ˱ˣ߻ģŻԽԽһɱǰ
ⲻҪɻ㲻ȥô죿
ɱ뿪ĵ˵˿úůرиȻ
ˮò˺׺͸Ⱦһо˲ƣŽһ·󣬵ӡʣƺ·ֻЧá
֣ǲʣҰ㵱硣
ʥƽ˵
ʥ̬ȣϢɢһָ߹󲻿ɸʵϢһֿܣʥӵϢ
ɱһһԥƺһ̰ͼ㣬̰һַ̰ôа񣬵һЩеģ̰˵ıԣˮŻ۲ôаˮоԼҲ̰ġ
ϲ㣬Ƕôˣһʱ䳤˾ͻиˣǿңû˱Ҹ㣬û˱Ҷáɱܼᶨ˵
ˮƣΪʲôʥѻ˵ˣ˻ҪôϲʥϾ˲ϲŮ˵Ĳࡣ
ﶼ֪ͨˣܶ˶֪ǵĻ¡
һŵģ˳˵
ˮˣʥü֮е񣬹ӦŮ
ףҪҼ޸һϲ𣿡
ʥ̧ͷŵˡ


1855 ̫֣
ˮһֱһ߿ţǸзȵˣˣʥŮˡ
ϲ㣬ĶãϣҸ
ŵ˿ʥ˵ʵܲù
ûǸԸ⿴ԼŮҸЩɼʵûа취˭ô
ҲдΣбǸǿļ壬ҪϵʵǣֹǰϢžҰҲıߣÿ˶Ǵм䣬ˣҲˣǿǿ֣һɽһɽߡ
ҲϲҲ޹ȥ
ʥ˵
ǼĽʱĳɾҲ޿һҲһλŮ׳Լļ壬׳ԼʵǲҲûοжǼҵľˡ
ݶԹǷʥǰԲ˵ıֻɺݣΣµģʲôãΨ˲֪ôڣɱѾųǾȢ
ɱǼҵţȻǳӳǼҵĵλȴǺܶأĳҲ˵ĻǺзġ
Ҫˮ֪ɱѾ˺üŮ˻ųʥȢĻһоԼû޳ܡ
Ҫõʧ𣬸ĸ֮ý֮ԣԺÿ˶ʹΣʱôôÿ˶εģҪľȥӦ
˿ʥ˵
Ϊ˸ףԼŮҸԼĶŮҸȹԼ涼һøףһϸĸףΪ˸ס
ˮʱ򻺻Ц
ˮ˵Ǻͻأģܶ˲ûаˮʲôΪֻʥߵһ࣬ˮҲܺÿʥǰÿ治ʲôʱ
ʲôˣֵ˵𣿡ɱ뿴ˮư˵
ʲô˲ҪһˣЯ󱨣ǿѣⲻˣ˵أˮɱ룬ƺûʲôøС
һ˻пȡ֮ģǲǳ飬ֻΪѾøС
Ƕ׵ģʲô˵Ųɱ㡣ɱˮƺܲˬǿʥϹͶˡ
ţɱң޸ģʵҸ˵ʵɣ䲻о仰ô˵ţø⡣ˮ²˵
˭;ʲôϵɱһƺˮƺо˲ô򵥡
ǺܺõѡˮЦˣ˾Ȼסˡ
ˮ仰ɱӵĲˬˮֱ˵ʥˣţҲΪ֪ʥôίǸ˵ġ
ǺܺõѣΣиǿңҪ֪ѣرǺѣŮתĿǺܴġ
Ҳ˵ǾõѷϣȰߵԽԶԽãҲ뿴ھõߡ
ɱʮԡ
ˮѾɱ仰ҲֻǱ˵ʥģԼ벻뿪Լֵġ
ˮȻᱻɱһ仰ߣЦЦΪʲôҪ뿪羰飬ѾԻΡˮЦź˼䡣
ȻԼңʥ壬СӾͿˡɱ΢ЦЦ
ˮ仰۾ɱҲյģȻʥĸ׶ԸԼеζͦġ
ǸŵҲûоܾͷˮȥΪ֮ǰˮ˵һϸĸ׵ɡ
ףѡʥȴվˮǰ
һŮ˵ıǲˡɱʱ򳰷
ˮЦ˵һСƨֻܶڴ˺棬бһս
ֶˮȻǶôǿ󣬵Ҳô׳Կ֪һͱ˶̬ҪãҲҪΪöԷġ
仰еõģɱɫѿĿˮȻôҾͳȫ㡣
ɱ˵ˮȥûкʥĸ˵ʲô
ˮߵʥǰЦ˵Ů˲Ҫվ˵ǰ棬Ȼ˺
˵ˮɱ룬ڣ֪жǿǰЩԼܲ£ʵﵽһ̶ҲǴںܶδ֪ġ
ʥû˵ʱ˵Ҳ֪˵ʲô
ˮӰӭɱȥԷûҲûãڵʵԸĶʵӦǺüˣǰ˵Ƕ
֣
ˮֿ̫ҲգᲢãһɱоһž޴Ļϣоܡ
ʱŻһĶ·𵯻һȻʵӲʵⵯ󺣿Х


1856 ڣǸ
ɱ۾ŵĿˮȻǿԵĳȥӰһһԶ
ˮӰӰεĸȥʱǸŵȴǶˣ;뵹ɻȥɱһ͵ɱߡ
һµٻɱסʱˮҲˣֱˮһĳ
ƣ
ˮ㺰ܲпƣͿƵľһģʥľѧǼҴʥĻһЩ
ֻǰˮһľѾԽĸףһʵʱʲôûйϵ֮ǰоΪʲôƻڵϣʥѾ֪ˮֱӹġ
ˮЦҲһƴȥ
ޣ
ˮ̫糬Խ̫࣬Ŀǰˮûм̫ѧϵ賬Խġ
һ;̫Ҳ٣ǰ̫ˣʢУǰܱȵġ
ž
ˮһλˮһĻȻ˵ؿӡȥ֮֮ǰˮʽ˷Ϊͬԭƺ֪һ㣬Ķ˹ȥ
ˮڲиŮʵҲ˰ʮһ㣬һȻûоȫȴǲС
ʥԪﾪޱȣȥ󲻿˼ĿˮֻԸһ֪˵ľĿֲһҪ츳ͻƵģĸߵҲǾʽʥԪľʽõôˮľԴﵽ屶ʮ
ȻǱȷǾĿֲʽʵʽٶȡƻµȵȡ
ʥԪľҪΪˮʽ;ͬ飬׷˷ǳһˮ˭
ˮһ㶣֪ܿˣЦбõľߵ⹦ֻҡ
⻰еˣˮϾģ˵Ҳûвס
ľֲܿ˵Դ̫е˼ˣԶĲ˵ǰиˣľ˿ڲ֪ûн
ʥԪˮһգգ˵
뿴ˮķӦΪ˾ǰ˵Ǹˣô᲻֡
ˮҲǾޱȣû̫ྪȣڲ٣ȵоܺԼһ첢ָԼһ
ڿǿˡ
ˮץȻѯһЩõϢ
ʥԪЦſˮƺ֪򣬵ûп΢Ц˵ǿ󣬺ǿĴڣҲŵȣˡ
ׯأ
ˮʵ
֪ׯڣׯںӦͬǿĴڡ
ʥԪһ㶻ǽ˵
ллЩǻҪ𣿡
ˮʥԪЦ
ˣ˵Ҳˡ
ʥԪ˵תһȥҲҲʺϲͣҲ뿴СŮʲô⡣
ʥԪ˵ֱ뿪ˣˮǲ⣬ˮԼоʥԪʵޣƺǶôηڡ
ЩˮҲûж룬ʱɱ·Żع֮ǰˮľȵĸо
ɱ֪ԼˮĶ֣ҲӦòСҲһˣʱѾʼˮ֡
ˮڲ£ʵĴηսѸٵӭ߳ȥеĻƽսƴȵĴ
Էóҳ־ɱУȻˮҲûʲôÿģˣˮҲǲģڴ塣
вû֮ǰʥԪ뿪ʱкǸˣҲˮʲôʵǸоһ򵥣ҲǺܽ־ɱУ򲻼򵥣˺źɵȫһġ
ˮֱӺ˰ʮʵ˵ʵûдﵽʮʲôˮվǴ򶼴
ƽսֱһԵĺɨһɫĲһƺһһо
ɱɫ࣬û뵽ô֣Ȼﻹд󲿷ûжܽΣǶˡ
塣
ɱ֮ǰʥԪ뿪ʱк˽е
Ǹ
ɱ뻺˵
仰ж˺㣬ԿΪã˺֣Ǽòãšزۣǲǻٵ


1857 ߣϢսֹ
ɱ벢û˵֪廹¾䣬һͼйϵʱɱҲܽҲССģټΪһС顣
ȻˮᣬǺܽг黹оȽϺá
ˣһҲһ壬ʥҴСױףĸҲڣ֪ΪʲôҪֹĪ۸ɼˣ
ɱ߳ˮ˵ȱԼɼңˮҲǿʲôʧʱһϣ
ÿһԼأһأҪԼƵһֻ·һ
ˮЦЦҲκΪУһǿڵƿߣҲϲҵѱ۸Ѻ٣ÿһҪˣֻҪھԹۡ
üͷ΢壬û˵ƺȨףƺˮһֱڵ˵
ˮҲԸ⴦ΪУ¶ԷʲôˣΪУ˶ȻԸ⶷Ӵ˾Ͳ˶֣ӦúܲˬߣϢսֹ
һս˾ͲҪֽ飬Ӯˣ뿪ԲʥҴСĻ£㿴Σ˿ˮ˵
ˮ¶΢Цһ仰ɲô򵥣ԼˣԼ˱˵£ƻϺʬ
ԼӮˣҲͿԼǱԸΪУ˵ʵǿ˶ˣˮ£Ҳֻбķݡ
˵ô˵ɹ˿أԼ㹻·˵ƺܹƽһڻ˸оѾòˣϾʥǶµĻԼŮˡ
ˮû˵ʥȴˮ˵ǿģ򲻹ѱҪǲ֣ǻҲڻ֪ĵϸ
ʥ˵ŷԼҲ֪ˮ˵˲٣ֻǲ֪ǲġ
ˮЦſʥ֮ǰ˵ʥǵŵ˵İɣҶ֡
ˮäĿţʶǲȫܵ˵ʵҲܸоţʶһЩΣջǺеģǰûܵΣա
ҴӦ㣬Ҳϣ˵ˮ۾ˣ֮ҲǸоâڱĸо
һΣյˣǿĵ̣ʲôﷴתһЩͷھɱˮ֪᲻֣Ͼ֪վ˭ʲôʵô˵ûʲô֧Ĳš
Ѿﻢ£ܴȴ˵ӮǾʲôҲ˵ˣĳɾͲǲҲҪˡ
ģȻҲΪʲôˣȻҲΪԼǻˣϤҵ˶֪˵ĻǻģҲֱһױһף˵ηһ
СģʥˮĶ
ţ㸸ˣȻ㸸״ѹġˮЦ˵
Ҹʵҵġʥ˵ֻЩΡ
ˮЦЦ֪֮ǰҸ뿪ңҲڣô仯һ㸸׵λҲûа취
֪޷⡣ʥˮ
ÿ˶Σ̫ΣҲŮѾˣǵĻһҲ棬ֻ￴һ£һףȲ˭ίԼŮˮ뵽ҲһͣԼҪǿ󣬾ΪԼҲҪǿ
һøסʥЦЦ
ԺΪ˸ĸʱ֪ˡˮʥ΢Ц˵
ֿʼ˵ˡʥûе㲻Ϊ˸ĸƺңԶ飬ôĲɼû飬Ҳ֪᲻֡
ˮû˵ʲôŲԶȥŻƽսꪣҲһϸ̣߳ľʿͨ͸֣ɢϢ
֮̽̿Сġ
ˮ뵽ǰӰ
ˮ֪ѽʲô֮ɢĺ⻹ģĽˮѿġ
ѽԺ
˲ûж˵Ĭͬʱˣ˫һӰײһ𣬷һܼĽײϸһֱͨӻᱻƶĤ˼Զ


1858 ˵У
ˮ۾΢УĹâʵʣеĻƽսꪲϵĴɶһɡ
Ů
ǿŮˮ־ᣬĹƺǺǿֻ֪Ŀ£˸оˮƺûþȫƺһ
ˮȷʵûȫõһλҪСһβУˮ˺ǿ˱Ͽû£ʵѾˡ
ˮС˺ܶ࣬Ҳ֪ˮԭ򣬵Էӿȣ಻Ĺֻƣмܵķݡ
ƺ˵ĻᶼûУֻƴȫ֧ǰľ棬ζп˵ֻԼᡣ
·ˣȭȭ⣬ܣۣ·Ҫ͸Ƶġ
ϵ𣬻һһ㣬ƺҪƺ

һһ̶𣬽ˮĻƽսꪴ˵ļ
أ
һ첲ֱӱʧˣⲻˮģҲûпȥƣ˵ıˣˮĻƽսꪲŴ˵ĸ첲򴦡
ʵҲ޷ܵģֱһ첲׷ˣսҲǺģرϵ¡
˷ӳѸ٣ȻսΧѾѪģұۣϵҲˣϵľʹͻɫ԰
ˮû׷ûиϾɱĿˣ֮ǰսǳһսԼʵҲԽƿĸоرá
һ֮Լ֪ǿɲ뿪ˡ
ɫܰףˮ˵
ˮͷ
û˵ʲôȻ˵Ҫһ㣬Ҳÿζնݳ׻˵˴ˣο½ߴ½ˣܼһÿĲŶԡ
˺ܸɴ˲ʧˡ
ˮ֪˻᲻һͷ֪ԼûʲôʵĻӦòô˵ġ
ˮģԼĵϸѣҲ򵥣˭Լһߵһģ֪ĻǾͻӽˡ
˲ظʥߵˮߣϹſĵ΢ЦһֱΪûû뵽ز©
ʵûдҵʵûжôǿӦò࣬һһֹһҲпֹʮֹ
ˮЦ˵
ʥˮ仰𺳵ˣǰ±°빦֮仰⣬ҪƺףĿˮ
ˮЦţ֪֪ģҲûаԼˣ˵֪̿򵥵һֹ
һɱλ
ʥƺЩ˵˵
ߴߴ磬ȻǰβͶϵҲϺܶ㣬һЩֱӿЧģԣ۾ӵȣЩ㣬ԣ౾ܻᱣЩطЩѹģǿйпܻᱻԷлɳˡ
ǻһЩԵأ
ʥʵ
ѨһЩĹؽڡ
Ѩڲ͸ûЧҲ״׼ֻǾ͹ؽڲô򡣡
ʥԽĺ
ɣԶʱϵԷؽڿľսһδЧпҪǵ
ˮ΢ЦŽ͵
ʥͷˮΪһţ߶ѨǺ˽ģ½ʵҲרѨߣϵ̨Ĳ࣬ߵһ߶ȵĸǷëǣһǧɣоٺòԷһԵĴ
׷
ʺͬʵ̫ʵ֮䣬ʵ̫࣬һϼٺҲɱ
ղž𣿡
ʥ̧ͷˮʵ
ֻһŶԷﵽһ߶ȲðҲܴԷѨͨײԴԷ壬ҲҪɿöԷķӦӦôһ㶼ġ

ˮʥƺȤҲûв˽ֶҪ츳ʱ䣬ѧǿԽ
ˮһֻסһֻ֣Ȼ¶һЩһεϣļϴȥ
Ȼǣʥһ΢΢ڸˮڼ򴦵ѨﲻͣĴպá
ϵѨܶ࣬λȴôһЩˮһԼ֪Ǻõ飬ΧѨ֮ƺʲôִѨϡ
ѨѨˮȻҪɱõȺãѨܸǿңѨ֮䣬˻ãŮˣرͦεŮˣѨڹ֮УʥɽͦΣˮǺֻܴоԼһУԺܺãָҲܺãˮоֶ֮䡭


1859 ⣬ϲ
ˮĲǹģֱʱֻĹУļţָоɵӿ죬޷ݡ
ʥع֮һ˫۾ŭĿˮˮϴȥ
ž
ȻʥˣʵΪˮģǰӢϵӡҲһΣ뵽ôԼ͸оô
ˮɿεЦЦ˵Ҳð㣬ƲţҲˣҪˡ
ˮ֪ԼڶΰŮ˵Ķ⻹ǵΡĴΣûиоôˣϾԼˣԼҲôǶһŮ˵Ĳء
һҲʥȻҲûиоԼ֮ǰΪԷⷴӳһҲΪûԼƴǲˡ
Ϊʲô㿪
ʥƺҲⲻȥҪ֪Ǻܶ˵飬رǿߣݵԽˡ
ô֮ܵίࡣ
ˮЦſŮˡ
ʥ΢΢ͷĺܸӣ˺вٵĽӴϴθЩĽӴ¸·Ҳܾһʱ䲻ƽ
һߣŮҲܶôļƽһЩӴȻڹ뷿ЩߣҲһЩ޶ȣˮ֮ǰֶûбǣ
ûϲˮ˵ˣԲᣬǱʶɺѣһֵѡ
Ҳָ֪о仯ԣһЩԽѹԽױ˳ȻĺһЩЩˣҲų⡣
ǸŮ˲ǸŮûԼİΣǶϣһһԼϲֻϲԼˣѣرˡ
˵ǱʶһӣһۺϵģܶණǵϲҲǵҲǵòͳ࣬һֺʡ
֮ʮа˾ţôһ˳Ѿոˣƣ࣬һľϿࡢࡢࡢࡢԹࡢ󲻵ÿࡢʢࡣ
ࡣҪޱʵʹģʹԴʹԴڻš
ϿࡣഺʧսͷƣƵ˥ϣֻؿһţԼ˥ʧʹҲ
ࡣ
֮ࡣ
Ҳʹ࣬ʱȴʹģʵŵ˴Ŀ־ԶԶ
ࡣ
Ǻ¹¶жѰ˴ͬı֡飬飬顣ֻҪиͶͳԣѷֵı֮ࡣرǣ֮ʹǾġ
󲻵ÿࡣ
ƤֵȥҲҿĵطеԼʹࡣ
Թ޻ࡣ
ʵʱܻһ˵ĸԷʽľԼԹޡޱ˺ĳֶʵʹǸʵԼԲУܲʹ
ʢࡣ
̫ΣʧңӶʹ֮Сзǣûѧľˣˡ
һʹߣҸ˵ĿƺЩţʵҲˣϲǸʹ࣬Ŀ⣬Ҳʹ࣬ѵȥһʹ顣
һԿЩǾʱ䣬ʱǰһжǸƣʱһЩҪҲὥǣʱõҩһڵǶôԵ顣
ʥ֪Լ᲻ˣ᲻Լɾų⣬ʵģԻԼ޳ȥͳʶҲһЩܴͳĹԼһû齨ԼļͥûԼĶŮһź飬˵ź
Ҳ㣬ҲҲԣôģΪȥġ
ˮϵָۡ
Ժ󲻻ˣһŬƺԼ֮ǰҲˣҶ֪Լ˵ЩƺѣҲҪ
ˮӣԼоԼе޳ܣðǶԷƯ˭˵ƯŮͿռˣƯռ˵ɡ
ˮ˵仰ʥֲ֪ʧУû˸ҶˮǵһвûôŭҲÿŮǱʶﶼϣһһСС
Ů˶һŮ˸һЩ˸һЩ
ˣǲ˵ЩˣߣȾȥȾơ
ʥˮЦ
ˮܸоʥе㲻ԣﲻԲŵŮҵ˼ǲ²ģҲûŮ˻ôоԼһϵģ̫ʥ࣬ǰԼеа񣬺ڰ
ã
ˮȻӦ
ʢķˣõľƣŮˣˮʥرϲȣˮʥʵѡ
ĺȾƾǺȸ飬ʵÿ˶Ǻ飬ǰˣһҲˣºȾƣõҲȾƣףõ
˵˵ڵɣ
ˮҸ˵
ʥƺ֪ˮҪ˵⣬еľƱܴ󵨵ĿˮĿ£ȴޱȵĴി˿ر
ҵĸڵҲڣһ֮ҲŵȣǼʥԪڣҪ˺ܶ࣬һΣмٸһΡ
ʥ˵Լļ£ҲһֶˮΡ


1860 ҵ
ʥļʥԪҲû̫֣˲ֹһˣѹˣ˲ֱӣܼ򵥵ľͿ
ʥԪںڵʲôȻ֪ҪӣӦòôףףǹֻʥԪ֪ˡ
뿪ɣҪˡ
ʥˮ˵һˮ֮Ļ
ôˣң
ˮ΢Цʵ
˵֮͸оˣ֮ǰŰһ⣬ƺˣɵĺٺЦЦƿĿ⣬⻹ǺŮһ㿪ԷĿ⡣
ʥȴЦˣҲΪҵϽܵ޹ۣϵһ۰򣬶ԷӦòưոݡ
Ҳһ֮ΪҲ֪ԷжǿԼܲӦһ߾ͻĲҰ㵱ѣҲԸ㱻۸
ˮ˵˵Ҳﻰ
ϲң
ʥĿˮʵ
ʳ仰ҲûеģֻһͨѣǺΪģİ֮ˡ
ˮЦЦ˵ʵ
ţ
ԥһ£ʥش
ϲŮǺ飬֮˽֮ϲŮϲﻷһУӦûûеĵزҵİȻܶ࣬ûеģֻԺʱ䣬Ҳ֪᲻ᰮ㣬סҲǿ
ˮЦſʥ֪«ʲôҩ
ʵ극ˣ뿪ɣԶҪһסѡ
ʥվȻ˵
ˮûжĺžƣƺûʥĻһ
ҵӱ˿ҲΪŮͻðΣգΪҿԹˣŮǳһĶⲻȥҰĸ첲¾Ҵòã
ˮ¾Ʊվ˵
ôôɵأǲôǻɱġ
ʥҡҡͷε˵
ɵ̫ˣôԸ޸ǸɱˣԸˣϾߡ
ˮʥ˫
ʥĬˣ
ˮЦЦߵߣˣôˣ˵ͷȻֱôܱ
ף
ʥ̧ͷһ䣬ƺһ䣬ˮǣҲ΢΢Щ⣬⣬ʥ⡣
˵Ĺϵ
ˮֻ΢΢ᵽ֪ʥ˼˵ҲͲȥˡ
СʱܺãĸĸԼŮֵܽúܶ࣬һҪչΪŮҪԼΪأҺʥԪڵĺôȻܴҾӳˣǲףǲǶҼд治֪Ҳ֪ĸ˽ҵԸҲΪҵĹ޷ǺϲǸɱ룬ںܶ㣬ҵĸĸһֱоҼ޹ȥȫ顣
ʥ˵ĺˮҲˣν׻治һģʥԪҲǲŮҲ֮ǿҲоŮ޹ȥҸϾɱϲʥ
𣿡
ޣҲһʹȴԸȥǡ
ʵѾôˣΪʲôҪԼܣϣΰΧܵԼܷĻһҪᾫһЩ
д۵ġ
ʲôдۣˮбҭļʣԷзգǰ
ˮЦ˵
˵е
ǻһһòã
ˮЦ˵Цݸǿҵš
ʥôһ˲ʧ˸ǿģԥһ£һ˼˺ܶͷ֪ǲ뿪ġ
ҪӦң浽صʱ㲻ҪңҪ뿪ǲɱҵġ
ʥһ˵
ˮȻӦǸʱԼ߲߻Լ˵㣬˵ҲܴߣԼоԵİ뿪û˭סԼ

쵹ƽӣˮһɾʱ㹻԰ʱУָʥΪ
Ů˵ʺʺʺ̫ǼҴľѧȻںһһν裬ˮİǺҪģڻͨĹؼһֽˮͻˣûˮܲͻƲ˵ܣҲʮꡢʮá
ʥʵҲ˺ܶ࣬ˮһʱŮ˵ʵǿ󣬵ˮʵһҪŮֲ̫ˣһŴ󾵣ȥʵŴ˺ܶࡣ
Ϊ󷨣ˮԴУ˵Դƺеأ׼ˣǹϵԼʥʥɽܶ飬ܴ⣬һжҪСĽ


1861 ˭ãŮ
ȴӹĺҲܺùˮڵ̬Ǻܺõģνո˵ʵͲңһҲͱòôҪоԼ԰ƽ
ˮڸоھǿ󣬵ԼҲΣգҪԸԼҲҪȨףʱǿƣʱͻᱻš
ҲԭˮһֱƽѾչ¶ʵǸ˵ģ׼Լ֣Ҳ档
м仹ʥ⵵£ӣ֪֮ͬΪһĺɼҵ»ˣûˡ
ҲԭˮоڻԼֹ֣һʵҲˮĵĵط
磬ʢУıģҲУǿʵǰһıֽϻȻ赶ɱʲôĻǿõģҪ֣ŭŪı֮ǰҪǺá
Ȼˮĺܶ࣬Ϻܵʥƺˮûʲô棬ˮҲǺؿΰžԳƵΰ
ˮԤУڵ˽
ʥ֮ˮ˵
ˮȭЦſ𣿡
µǲ£ϧ򲻹ǣǿ߶ãٲᱻ۸
ʥεЦЦ
ǿǿ֣ûв۸ˣ˺һжһǴУǴĹģҲд򲻹ģ˭Ǿص޵еģһʱûж֣Ӧ˵û
ˮ뵽ǰĹٳѵС٣Сѵû˿·һתͷӵĽǹľߡ
һйһתƣһģͱǹܿܰһٸҧˣһһСܶСһ
⵹Ҳǣû˿վھԵĶ⣬վһΧڵĶ⣬ʵѾˡ
ʥ˼ĵͷ
㽫ܴﵽ̶ȡ
ˮ뵽ŮʥӴУʥԺĳɾͲʥĵɱߡ
ǰһܹȥͺˣʱˡ
࣬ôҸоǲµġ
ˣ֪㸸ʲôʵ𣿡
ˮʵŶһ˿⣬̫ĹΣǺҲܸܵһ˿
Ҹ׺¶ʵ˶ܿһЩҲܿøס
ʥ˵
ˮʥԪ֣ȻֻǼ򵥵Ľ֣ȴǸоԷûоȫһȳЭ·һ׺ȴϸˮһ಻
ˮָоѾ̫Ĺһ磬һĵزѾһ붼ľ硣
ôˣ
ʥʵ
ҾǸо㸸Ӧúǿ󡣡
ˮЦ˵˵ûʲôͻ̫ˣ˵ϸҲ˵һԷӦÿŵɡ
Ϊʲôû㣬Ī˵ƺҲ
ʥЦ˵
㸸Ӧûȫ
ʥ΢΢̾ε˵ôץһȥˣСʱˡ
˵ʥȻʧƺʧȥ˺Ķһÿ˶飬һܵɵʱǼʹ顣
ˮ⣬˵ÿ˶Ҫ󣬶Ҫ뿪ĸԼļͥŮԺŮҲ뿪ܻѾܲˣԼϵԼһ룬˶ֻǹͣʱ䳤ģʱ̵ġ
ô˵ƺепᣬǰˣһҲˣȻҲкܶסһլӣǿģ֮ܵģϣӴҲСʱôʲôĸˡ
ʥˮĻ˵һ㶣ƺ룬ǰƺûпһһ㲻ǳɼҾͺѿ顣
¶ƼһͻȻоƼʱôͱʾѾûˣļįʲôįģлҲʵ˵ôʾѾ¶ˣмįˡ
Һܿԭŵ˶ûˡ
ʥ̧ͷˮЦЦеɬ
ˮ֪Ҫһأһعȥı䣬ΪʶʲôĶһҪĹؿڣеҪеĲá
һֲƸ¸ҵԣȥˣõ޴ĺô˵Գűˣң𣿡
ˮϵ˵
ţҸ׶ңһ˭
ʥ΢Ц˵ڵƺָƽ
Ҳǣ˭ȫĵţҪĸԼأһ֣ⷢԼ
ͻȻоһ˻Ų֪Ϊʲôڲ֪ˣǰϣǿ󣬸ĸҸ


1862 ڵˣ
ʥĻˮֿЦãû뵽ŮҲãôȻﵽ̶ֳȣˮ֪ܿ߳Сסġ˵˻һŮˣˣѾǿˣټǿҲԼһ
ƿһţһǼԦ˵ģʥɽȻƲڣʥһ˵ʵҲ㹻һЩСֹˡ
һʥƺҲоԼʧ̬ˣЦҡҡͷǲǺ
ܼǿһصŮӡ
ˮЦ˵˵棬һϣ
𣬶صж
ʥЦЦ
˭˵أŮҲԶء
Ů̫ǿ̫ǿҲã֮ʧ֮ɣܣҸ˶ѡ
ʥε˵
ˮˣ֮ǰһЩŮķһЩ仯֪ԼûãŮƺиԼļͥиԼϲ
ʵûйϵ
ˮҡҡͷ˵
ܺӡ
⵹ҲǣŮ̫ǿ׵ס
ˮЦ˵
ĸ鲻ġ
ʥ½Ҳ޹ϵ˵֮ǰˮ˵ʥҲ֪ʲô˼
ھһ㽰СŮˣôˡ
ˮһŮˡ
˵ô
ˮһ㶣֪ԼǾˣܴʥ˹ռԼˡ
һˮ˵˵ûб˼ûҪռ˵˼

ƽӿʼˣһܵʱȥˣûзʲô飬ˮסûиоʲôʥҲûʲôӦǰŬˡ
עҪĻǻºڵˣһɲ࣬ûг֣˶ˣҪϡ
ʥԪûг֣ûֱӽʥɽڸ߿պʥɽƽеķʽϢ
ʱ͵ʱ
ˮܵԷʱӭŽȭ̬ĥƲһĸоɽ
һֱʥԶʱֻͷˣ
ˮ仰֪˵ʥˣ˵ˡ
ʥͷشҲˡ
߰ɣȥ
ˮ˫ִͷȥ
ʥ촽΢΢˶û˵ʲôˮ˳ȥ
һˮʥ˳ȥûǿҵɱ⣬Ҳûйֵĵģݵ˳ȥļ˺Цˡ
ˣЦʲô
Ϊ׵˵ȴĴԶ
ˮŶˣһɫӣϴ˴˫Ŀһ˫λߵ۾
߲ǺܸߣȴӰֱûΪɢһڹϵϢϢֻ²ܶѻûºĳβɵġ
Ц˼ôһ򵥵ľ硣
ˮҡҡͷ
ƺҲżƽʵʲô磬ĪҽĲԣ
ǰľӦúܾ˰ɣҲµûûзԼԼɵĿƣɲİŽˡ
ˮЦſˡ
һ㶣ǾȵĿˮҪ֪Ѿƿںܶˣóλˣʵϣڵ֮ǰļζģʲô鶼̣Ҳʣ֪˲ࡣ
ˮȻֻǼ򵥵˵˵˵ඥ˵ãеãÿӵеĶƺģһõĶ࣬һͻ٣ҪõĶҪӵеһЩӵ
ʵҲǿѧģһ˵˼룬Ҳģһµ˼࣬һͻ٣ʵô򵥡
˵ΪͻƾǺܶණŲ£ķ࣬Ƕ࣬˵ж︣÷µʱҪ¡
һƺˣֹˣ֮ǰҲ̫˵ĿʥҪǲ޹ȥף׶һ裬߸Ǹоᱻ˳Цͬ˵ġ
ƺô̫ˣһ˵ľ磬һǿһģһʵǱ˵ǿǿģǿǲںߵĿ̫˵ǲǿ
һ˲˵˼ת˺ܶ࣬еһЩҲڻ仯ѿһ㣬һ
֪ʲôħԼȥ֮ǰû˵Ҳû˸˵
ллˡ
ͻȻðͷĻʥļ˶ǲ⡣
ֻˮ֪ô£Ҳ˾Ȼ£Լļ仰Ȼ֮ǰϣǺûȫԭԲŻû뵽ԭΪһֱͣͲǰ


1863 ҪҰ
éٿһ
Ȼ˿ˮ˵һ仰ʹ˽ΣĻԼȡ
ˮҲһ㶣û뵽˻òҪ֪ԼѾϵĸ첲ɼҲȢʥһܵӵġ
֮ǰΪӵŻֳȻɱ벻ԸʥҲ֮һܲں˵۹ѡȷʵ⡣
ˮ֪ԷΪ򲻹ԼϾ˭ǿ˭֪ԷԲΪԼϾһڡ
ˮ봦ԵУȻ˵Ҳ֮ãȻʵҪʵսرսҲõΪС
ãʱϺȾơ
ˮЦ˵
˵ģɲ˵˵ҿǵˡ
΢Ц˵⡣
һ
ˮЦŵͷ
ٴ˵仰ʹ뿪ˣһǰҲûжãķչϷԣ󣬾ˮе㲻š
˵ʥˣƣڶ֪ô£ˮã֪ԵˣӦһɺӵԭ
ԽҪԭ
ˮ˵öԣ뿪߳һξ֮еһ˲˵磬Ϊʲôˣ
˵ŻǺܸߵģ˵ľǲûɵģһֱڲųѯʡ
ӹ˵ֵܣǺֵܣϲ˺ܶ࣬ϴҲǿһ
һֻܿͻڷɣѾ˶֮ǿУرˣһǺǻԵĴ
˵
ǲ̧̫ˡ
һ˲ŵ˵
Ŀ࣬ףŭüͷе󣬴ֿޱȣҲ˵ֵܣǶֵܣֵܵܶ࣬Ҳûжˣֿ˽ɾԡ
̧٣ҵʵѾͻһˣһھͻƣ֪ʲôԭ𣿡
˵ֲŵĸо
۾һ˼ĿˣɾԸǳԾʵѵСӣ
ɾֿ񣬵˼ȴǺϸ뵽ķӦǰĻµˮѣҪǱʶų𰸣˵һֲŵĲ²⣬Ϊ˵ķӦͱⷽ¡
Ҫͻˣ̫ˣһڵʵҪǰһˡ
ӹĵ˵
Ժڵ齻ǣֻҪǲκθԤ
˻˵
뵽ˮ֮ǰĻٿ磬ое߻ħǸоǸСаš
̤ʱþˣû뵽Сӵͻ
һֱû˵Ʋ˵
סҵĻˣǿҵĸоҲһܴù
ļֵܲ
Щ˶һǿߣʱСһǿоδǿǿϾ̫ˡ
˽˵ÿһ仰𺳣һе𺳣ʲôʵҲǽʵȻ˵һܴǸˣôܲ𺳡
֮ǳĬǵȻΪǿЦ˵ЦҲЦ
ס˵ĻκȻڶپ޴ѣܽãٲˡ
ܵĸ첲ôˡ
ѾˣûҲôˡ
û˵ˣ˵ǲỳɣҲ˱飬壬һҪмкʹУѼڵһλΪ˼Ҫʱ
ƺеǣǿ屡飬ʵһͥĸΪԼĺӲϧŮҲʵҲ׷ЧûͨСͥôҲǼ鵭Ĳɸıʵ
˵棬ǰֵ֮Ϊ涼ԷĿɳ𣬺ο壬ѪȻţúᣬûʲô̫ϵҫĹϵһֱά֣һûϵôڲҲֱܿ

ˮȥЦŻͷʥȵĿ
ԾӺܺÿôǲǿұÿˡ
ˮЦ˵
ʥһɫƿĿ⣬ǿˮ˳ˣӦ˵Ǳǰ˳ˣȻϣñǰ󡣡
Ů˶ǿķǵĶ
Ƕ
ҰޣϲСõҰޡ
ˮЦſʥ
ʥΪŮܸо仰壬ĵһۣˮ֪Ƕ仰˼Ͼǰһ𣬵ֱȴͬ


1864 Ҿ뱧
ʥûн˵ˮҲû˵վţʥԶˮ˳Ŀ⣬ʱĿΧһԵôƽ
ллҡ
֮ʥͷ˵
ѣΪʲôô
ʥʱһˮ˵ллˣһ鱾֪ôˣû뵽ôϷ绯ķչоڶֻС
ҲҪ˵лл˵ллҲ֪ôл㡣
ʥǺЦ
Ҳ̫ûˡ
ˮҲЦ˵ûֱ˵ҲˣϾΪðˡ
ôåһ˵ʲôȤһҲŮ֮䱾ܵĻһȻǰ໥Ҫ˳ۡ
ǧ׵ã֪ˣ֪Ҳġ
ʥȻҲ֪ˮһ뷨治òʲô˼ƺ׽Ҳ׺׵ţҲܿɿȴǲ׿͸
Ȼÿ˶ôױ͸رһˣ͸ȴǸ̤ʵĸоһìܡ
һ㿴͸һˣȫ͸ĻûаȫУΪ㲻֪һʲôˣȺ֣㲻һˣô֡
ѾͷҪˡ
ˮĬһ˵
ˮӦǵڶô˰ɣǵһΣԼˣƺ΢ƺŮãƺϲŮˣҲãһֳĳƺ
׾ųļ֣һ׽˳ƺͬ׽Ժܶࡣ
ʥһ΢ɲ죬ͻȻ˺Ӵʱ䲻ȴѾеϰĴڣǰҲнӴˣûһָо
ˮû˵ôţƺѾˡ
֪ˮߣƺߵúͻȻһʱе㲻֪룬һЦЦô
ҪǲģҾͲˡ
ˮЦ
Ҳãˡ
ʥֱ˵
ˮһ㵣εЦЦ֪ʥûô˼ߡ
ʲôء
ˮԸа취ġ
ǲǺ𡣡
ǲһǸѿһһӵġ
ˮŮˣ΢еķµɨ
ġ
ʥе˵
ˮĿܲҲ˵ǲ֪ˮģԼͬ⣬Լôһ㻹аյġ
Ժʱһ㡣
ˮջĿ˵
˵Ҫ
ʥĵ˵
֪ĿѾƽһ˿ƽһ澵ӣǲģһǾҲƽˡ
ˮˣʥķӦҲǸӣŮ˵ӵƭ˵ģһϲƯŮûдҪΣǺ˺Ͳ˵
ֻҪҲҪԼԼѾеŮ˸ˮоʱرΪѣǲܿƵģǵҲäĿ֮ûǵˣˣŮͬҲˣ˸
Ȼˡ
ˮ΢Цŵͷ
ЦݺůʥվˮǰȻıסȻ˵Ҫ룬Ҿ뱧㡣
ˮֽıסäĿŮ˴ʱҪһ˿ˮûֵ飬Լ룬Ӧˡ
Լˮȴ֪ûԼʲôѾʼҡˣԼԼڵΪ
ˮйǰʱֻһӵ֮ҲûϵˡʵĲпܶô׽ġ
ʥˮĲӣ׷ˮĲ˾ıţ꣬µѹˮһԳ
зӦ֮ǰ轣ʱйһΣһŬԼ̫ܿǲܿƵĶһ֮
ʥһ̧ͷˮӨ񣬵һĨۺԵý޲ɷˮһʱʥȴǺһˮ
ʥˮ
˵С㣬ӦŮûӦǻˡˮЦڷ·ŮԼһ
ʣЩ߰ˡ
˺Ů֮మҪҪԼԼе꣬˴˵˼֮ͻӵһ𣬺ĺ޲Լǲܽ⣬ϵ˾ѾעһЩ飬ܵĽӴ
ʥָо֮ǰָоһδµŮҲһ
֮Ĺ뷿֮ȻȫûȴȻȤԼĴжҪˮЦſŮ˵


1865 صյƮƮ
а˵
ʥ˼һ䣬ķŵޱȣֻѾˮһ룬ǻһĻˮһһ¡
·Сģأʥ˵ϲˮ
ˮͷҲҪСģõܶ࣬㲻ʲô뷨֮ǰ˵Ĺ뷿֮㻹֪ʲôоɣͰ׻ˣ㲻볢һ㲻и𣬵õܶ࣬õİ顣
ˮ˵Ӱֱʧˣ֪Լ㲻ˢå֮ǰܵŮһ˿룬ֻһЩȥϣ
ˮʧӰˮЩĶУһֱĸо˵Ҳԣкܶ顣
Ҳһһϲ˳֣һֱڣһֱΪһֱûʵģÿ˶顣
ˮ˵ûޥȻ֪˵ģȻɫɫ
˺ɫǱԣӰһҪȡ֮е
˵ԸҲ֪е˻϶Ůˣֹһںã
һ޺̫ˣ˵ӹÿŮ˻ϣԼӵһˣҲֻԼһŮˡ
ֻһ룬رǶ˺Ůˣ˿ԶޣŮҸͨˣǾҪúͱŮ˹һ׼
ãã˺һϲϲ˲ףرʥŮˣ˵ÿŮ˶ϲˣӦþΧ÷˵ĸйˮ׼ǿԵڵģҲиȣԲ
ʥʥӴ߾ͲһˣģĸЩΪĴӵܣڵɱ룬˵Ѿ㣬һʮһĺˣȳû˵ϧϲִӵܣΪõĳǴӹźܶϲԸ
ֱˮĳ֣˱ɱ㣬˵ˣ˽⣬ôǿԴǿ϶ˣûִӵܵϢһ˵ȻϢ
뵽֮ǰԼʥɫ΢죬֪֮ǰԼôڣҲһ飬Լƺеϲ
뷨û⣬ƺҲû̫ľȣֻжһЩ˵ĸоһ㶫вʱĳӰӣ߲ʱ
ϲһ˵ĸоʲôʱʼġ

ˮ뿪֮ҲûлѪŮ룬ﲻµģȻѪŮܴ֮ãиԵ֮ΪԼͻȻ־ͱô
ȥٶȻǺܿģѸٳС
ȻȥʥɽҪһ·Ϲȥʱȴǲá
ǰպܿ죬һǰʥɽ֪ǰʱ䣬겻㳤Ƕͼй
պλñȽУǱѾǱڲˣӴ̨ܶ࣬պӦҲ̨յʵһεͻǿ˺ܶܶࡣ
պѾˣ￴һûʲô仯ˮҲƽ̤Ĵš
һȥ̨
һϮѩ׵ȹƮƮɣ޵գݾʣˮһ㶣ֱˣƲַ
Ӧͻˣˮ̨Ҳһ㶣ϾˮҲͻȻܿϹŵ΢Ц΢ЦȻȴʧꡣ
ˣ
űβסһϲ⣬ˮϹϿĵЦֱӳǰһѱסתһȦ
ˡˮǺЦ
̨һ΢Сˮ⻰ǷݱĺůҲֻˮ¶ıϣĹ¶ųţѾۣ۵ĵĹ¶
ѾѣѣһҶ衢ǡ衢庮ҷŮҲһѾ仯˺ܶࡣ
ˮλúأǰܣڸܣʮǰһֱûгֻ֣һͨ˻ѾˣʹҲὥı䵭
˱ܶʮվԼǰΪ׷ԼĽŲһĺܸжǿעģȻڵʵ˷ֲûҲԴﵽһ޷Ĵڡ
˵һһߣ̫Ų̫̫֪࣬Ϸʲô仯ΪԼϧһǿʵΪУ֪ʲôʱʼѾų
ɫ΢ķ㶣飬ܿع񣬱Ͼˮ
ˡ
̨տŮ


1866 䣬ʳ
ˮŵһ²ɿѵˮһӹ
̨һϲûʲôų⣬ĵĴܻźңһ˵ĸоǶݵĽӴƲסӿ졣
ˮ̨ЦЦȻǰסһҶת˸ȦһҶ豧㣬ˮǴһġ
һҶˮֱ˱ǡ庮ҷԼ壬ڴҶ֪ܺ˱ˣοˮҲ뿪ˡ
ˮǸСľϲ˺һ࣬ʱ궼һΡ
ǻðɣˮ˵
ǻãˡ˵
ˣô£ˮʵ
Ȼˮһֱûô˭ڿűٺǱĵڶǣҺöҪĻһᲨҺá
ʳ˱Ļҡ˵е䡣
ʳǸȻˡˮ֪ܳϻʳǱǿܶĴڣѰҲҪǿɺܶɡ
ôˣˮҲµˡ
ؼѾˡε˵
ļ𣿡ˮĵʵ
ʳɱˣ˵ԼԵ·ˣҴȻ֮ˣ˵ҲѹˣǻǺɱˡʵлǺܸ˵ģϾλܺѾǺˡ
ƽʲôá
ŶʳǺ˼ˮ뵽ǰ˼룬ѧʶԨͨһ˵˵ӺȻֱͨ죬֮ɢǿ޼᲻ݣһЩնа˺а޷
ȻЩǴţǲģˮ治֪ĴʳϾ֮ǰҲ˵ˡ
ΧʮѾ˴ʳˡ˵
ڵؼҺͱĻҳΪƽˣˮ֪ʳôЩ˵ġ
ʳԭ˻֮ǰҪӴʳĺ͵óλӡ
⵹Ҳ֣ʤΪܺðλˣˮʵ
ţʳˣ˵ǻףʵֻǿˣλЦ˵
ˮЦˣʳûôȻѵû𣿡ˮ뵽һ⡣
ƺܴȣظ׵ƿشǰһֱȡؼҵһ塣˵ʱеߡ
ȥʳǸʲôĴںòãˮʳԽԽˡ
ʳӦǱһǿһΣˮ֪һͻƿڣͨʳԽӴһĴڡ
Ȼᣬٴ뵽廢ڣ廢ںʳʵɣǿ
ˮҪǣĺǿһӴޱȵľްԣʳиƼһ˼޷ܡ嵣ǵĿˮ
ģҲ³çµģзִ硣ˮЦ˵
һҶû˵ʲô֪˾ǲıģʵҲ֪еģ˵Ҳ޿ɺǣ˵鲻˵ҲУֻҪһ߶׾֪ˡ
ﻹðɡˮ̨˵
ţû£ٺǼûʲôˣҲܵһЩΪڶǳصֳȻ˵ʲôĴвľѶȻҪ˳Ӧ̨˵
һ̨յͻʱ˦Ůܴһʵ庮ҷһҶҲһࡣ
˳Ӧ֮⻹оΪģˮʹǿˮХԳ׸߿աˮ˵
̨յͷһܼ򵥵ĻһЩ֮ǰƿص˳ƣƣʵȻԵõ޴ڴѾ߾ˣ˳һ׷ˡ
ڴһ룬ʵǴˣ˵ǴƣһֶݵıʱԴﵽӿֲıѣܳ׸ı䣬ֻں̵̺ܶܶʱڴıˡ
纣Хȥȥƽǳȥһȴư磬һ˲ıˮѡ
ˣվˣȥɡʱߴ˵
һŲԶĴȥȺ֮ˮ۵Сһ˵ƽ


1867 ʥӣ
ڱ뿪ʱˣȻû꣬Ϊµĺÿ춼ڳʮûܿСı仯οҵʱ䡣СһƺôˣҲÿ˲٣ҲǶˮϢϤԲųˮϲš
黹˳𣿡
˶֮һҶˮʵ
ˮֺܻƵĸоһǰȻΪѪŮŮԼȴҲޣʥɽ飬Ҳ̹Ȼ˵˳
ţ˳
һûк˵
һҶЦ˵
˵
庮ҷʱŲ˵
ˮĿǣʲô飿
úҷø˵ɣ˵
һҶЦѡ
ˮЦſ庮ҷɫǲϲˡ
庮ҷһ㶣ɫе䣺ǲǺϲϲˡ
ˮû뵽庮ҷô֮࣬ǰʵǴȤڿȤЧãοֲϲϲϱˡ
ǣҾȷһ£ˣҵ׼׼ʲô취̫
ˮ˵
ͻ˵˵ʵҲûʲôǽʥףҾܾˣȻƺģûʲôľٶǸһˣҶûպ
庮ҷˮе˵
ʥǸʲô
ˮðܶ಻֪Ĵڡ
һǿʵҲǺܶģʥһǱˮ¶Ͳ¶ҪԶһ㣬ǿһЩͷϺһ壬ҲԶѪߡ
ˮ˵Էֻʲôģһ뵽ԼߵǺ裬˵ĹûָֻҪʶʶģϰ׾ܾ࣬ǰԳ˵˵ıԳ
˵˶Ȼһſڡ
λǸˣҪ

ˮЦ˵ҪʲôôǿȻ庮ҷǰ١
ɴ⣬Ͻ˳ȥˮЦſżŮ庮ҷе㲻
庮ҷ֮Ҳһ޵Ĺ꣬һĹ꣬ģǾ֮ԭ
ϲŮ˲֣Ů˹ʴǣûд󸻴Ҫٵģɥģʥ֪庮ҷǾ֮壬֮ᶪĻ֪ô롣
νĵҲܺŮһϦ֮ȥҲֵã뷨˾Բ
˵ɫɹ󣬿ҲɹرеλˣŮȱ庮ҷˣǿԴﵽģԻǻкܶ˻ѡš
һҶһȾѾΪĸ̨ձޣ˸Ҷ뷨Ҫǿţǵĳ죬ĸ߹ʥ࣬ˮʥСϺʲôԭѡ庮ҷֻһԿһﲻʲô񡭡
ܿһ˹ͨſԿˮԷʱҲɵﰵ̾һƤҡ
˿Ҳʮӣ˵ʮǰӣĿǣ΢΢źÿĻȺţһ˵
·ȴǺţȴ˸оɢһϢˮ΢Цſ庮ҷ
ǲǱҺÿ
ˮЦʵ
˺⣬һַϴ۹⣬ˮȻǾȴһζյµת䡭
ȻᵫȴȻϢŵϢҪüɰɾµӡǣᣬûҲǺġ
λãˡ
һ΢Ц˵ܴݣˮе㾪ȣҪ֪ڷ⼸Ůǰ磬˵ĺǿ
Ҳ˵ԺҪˡ
庮ҷվˮû˵
֪ڲϲңҲֹϲ㰡Ҳ㲻ϲһ˵ɣҲѵ𣿡
ԣΪҵŮˡ
ˮʱ򿪿˵϶˵αװΪ˶ûпԼǲܿģȻǹԼ
ҲǴûаˮ̲ˣҲоԼˮ㣬ǻûй˵ϡ
ʱƺ·ſˮһˮ㣬֪һҶĺӣȴǿҵĸоӵĸס
ŮˣŮˣ
˲ŵĿˮ


1868 һĲɳԽ
ˮû˵ֻ΢Цſ庮ҷվˮû˵ʲôȴһֺرĸоһֳ˵ԼŮ˻Ǻгġ
˿ˮƺ͸һ˺ܾҲûиоԼǿΪʲôͿӵŮˡ
еģܸо庮ҷǴ֮ʵо̫׼ģΪоĶǴʥ֮壬̨պһҶѾǣǸоԷϵʥࡣ
֪ڿܻ̫ϲңҲңҲԸ飬ҺãҲġ
˿һˮ庮ҷ˵
Ϊо庮ҷ֮һ뵽һҶĺӣŮһӵһѾǰĸˣ˿ӵ
ˮһ㵣ŹֵĿ庮ҷԼȻˣ仰˼̫ˣԼ䲻庮ҷ˼ǶƺԽкǿоԼﶼǿ
庮ҷˮϴһ˿˵Ц⣬ˮݺݵĵ˻ȥ
ûбҪ㣬˵ĺˣԺҪҡ
庮ҷһҲǿ˵ˡ
ʲô֣ҲҺҾ˭˾ʹʧ
˿ˮ΢Ц˵
ƺоԼţȴҲţˮܰ׳գԽĲϲˣһĺøҲûˡ
ʥǰɣǲǸоԽûһֻ汲ģû˽ʥʲôû
ˮݸһҶ迴ˡ
ʱһֱ΢Ц˫ת䣬ˮƽ˵帳Һܶ࣬ûмҲõĳҲʵһ֣Ҳʵ˵أ
ˮЦˣ㵹̹Уǵ竸һЩûôĿŵŰ׳գϧ㻹ǲһƷԣȻôʶˣҳȫ㡣
ȥ棬Ҫˡ
תȥ
ˮЦЦƾ仰ҽ첻֡
̫Դˡ
ͷҲص˵
ˮСĵ㡣
庮ҷ˵
ңҪҪһ¡
ˮЦ
庮ҷ֪ˮҪ̼ǸʥӣżŮʵڲ˼ȻֻһҲ˽¡
Сĵ㣬򲻹㡣
庮ҷˮһۡ
ˮЦЦȥûаʥӷУʵ׵֪ԷʵȻԷҲܿˮʵǼҲǶԷûаˮԭ
𵶣룡
ˮ˵
ˮ֪ǶԷԼ֣½ϰߣһ㶼ΪöԷ֪ʲô֣֮˵ǵ²֮½ϰס
ˮ룡
ˮҲûʲôģ֪ԼֵĲࡣ
𵶵гѵһɫȻǰɫȴǺ𰵵ķ⣬ͨӫɢɱ⡣
ˮŶԷûóԼȻ˵ÿһսԼҲܵģˮóˣòŻеġ
ۣҲռˡ
ˮٴҲǱӶ֣һ˵һӺͲأԽȻˬ
С㣬òϣóŽȥ̫鷳ˣɣ
ˮҡҡͷڳһĶ̽
ҲǱˮŭˣһ˫һʮնˮ
ʮǿʮɱʮն
ѰɫĵӰʵһһɢҫ۵Ľ⣬貵ˮɱȥ
ˮûжԽԽĽ𵶣һǰֵһֻ޴Ϻ⵶Ӱǯӡ
ʵĻþ𵶾ͷϺѪߣˮоĿǰֻһͷҪܶ࣬һͷʵоĴڡ
ᣬʱܳΪͷϺԲ󣬵˭˵
ˮ֣̽һֱֻþӨȻɢǿҵĹȻ

һ޴ӡֱץסѽ𵶡
֣
ˮʹõе֣һÿнѽ𵶻ָԭΣˮһܶ
ΣȻ֪ԼʵͶԷ̫ԶˣһΣһʿ˺һѧ·ޣ޷Խ
вɿƵĴܸ纣һӿ𣬶ԷôᣬΪȴ˦ԼʮǧԼһֱڼţֻҪͬ˺٣ܴﵽǰ˵ʵȴǴûбǿģҲ޵һ㣬ǿ˶٣ǰȴǲͬһĲɳԽ


1869 ɹ
ˮӰǰһֻץѽ𵶣˫޳һ̷·ĲһĲ˵
˵ɱ㡣
ˮЦɿץŶԷ𵶵֡
𵶿ˮ޷ǰЩʵģһ˿ĽסĽ𵶣Լء
ǿ治֪ʲôʵˣɹ𣿡
𵶴ʱ˵Ѿˣûһţʱһͽ
¸ԼŴ𶥵ѣܵģСġ
ɹʲô
ˮʵ
һ㶣˵ҲǺ˵һЩǿڣ˵ǱڸߵĴڲܳΪɹֻ̫ɹʹɹ
һˮûʣҲʵǱŸǿˮûнӴ֪Ϊʵûеǵûԭ
߰ɣֻһΣһٱʱҲֵġ
л顣
˵ƺ˵ʲôת뿪ˣûٿŮһۣ֪ܶ࿴Ĵ룬Ȼŭǿߣ³ܲҡ
ˮŽӰʧȻе㲻ϲ֪ô
ͷŮվԼߣˮЦſ庮ҷҸ㲻Ϊʲô֮ǰûдأ
ϲ򡣡
庮ҷЦſˮɣǡ
ˮȻǵĳ磬ǶŮ˲˽⣬ʵ˭ܸ˵ԼŮ˽أŮ˵˼Լʱ򶼲֪˽⣬ôܶ
ʵҺܷ㡣
ˮһ˿Ц⡣
庮ҷ֪ˮ˼Ǿ֮壬עһԣҲ֮찲źõģһ֮ͱ˴ǿҵȻˮƺһעõģⱱ
˻ȥˮû뵽һͺȴһսԼŮˣλ˵㡣
Լ뿪ʱ䣬鲻ܴ࣬һǴʳǰĽʥ⻹Ϣ̫ɹʹɹ
һһжѾʼˮ棬ǱǺݵĵشѾǺıԵоǺ򡢺ʲôڡ
ˮʵǶôĺ棬Ϊ̨պ廢ڵԭ廢һֱûϢ֪廢ڵʲôεģԼܲܶԸˣ
廢ǿ󣬵嫵ĺ̫ˣһڱҲײˮĲδﲻĻǾ͸ˡ
𵶵ĳֲûӰ쵽ҵ飬һʱʱҲǹúܿ죬ԹˮһҶ軹ǵСԺ
ŮϸϻûгΪˮŮˣ̨ҲǣȻˮܾ֮ǰⷢ˹ϵˮоѵһ
СһѾˮ˯ˣˮһҶ֣û¹⣬Χȴҹһӣƻãɢŵһ㡣
ʥŮѩ׵ĹиһȾƻãˮһҶһʱˡ
һҶ豻еңɫ΢죬ô˵ҲС̲࣬סô꣬ûп
Զ
ˮ΢Ц˵ͷĶͷһ¡
˵һˣ㻹᲻ϲңʱƤѾˣҲˡ
ˮ֪һҶôˣôЦ˵ʱҲǸͷˣ˵˻ǻôʱ͵̻òעʱڻҪƯ
ˮ֪ô˵֪һҶܲԼ˼˵ģоһҶ赽ʲôʱ򶼲ѿˣˮ֪ǲϵǰЩһ֣ǵʺΪ˵ഺפҲࡣ
߽һҶ轫ŵϣˮӺһѱסһҶ΢΢ˮ
ˣ
һҶ˵ģˮ仰ֱӽᱧſɳȥôǵһһҶô˵
ͷסΨĴߣ˿̴ڣ˱ҺһҶĻӦˮ˫ֱסˮĲӡ
ˮִ°һȥһֱͦεɽ֮䣬ͦΡȴǲ׸˶󵫾ԳŵΰÿκˮΡ
һָպղס֬ˮһ·𿪣һҶǷӯѩ񣬱õ֬ů񻹺á
ˮͷ֮ĺʱζһƷűɽ亣ζ˵Ĵڡ


1870 
﷢ǡǰָϲ˵ĺϼܻӭɫʳ̻Ϣ
ˮ壬·ϵ۵Ĺ񹤵ĽȻܶӵ⽿ÿһζǿҵĳ
֮󣬷ﰲһҶˮƺƣϹŵ㣬ˮ㡣
Ůˣ򸴺
һҶʱˮʦȻ˵һҶֻΪ˱ʦͽţÿرڳΪ˷ޣεĸо
ˮûµʱҲȤر˵ʱ֮ǰﵽɽ֮۵ʱˮͺʦ˵һЩܵĻֱ۷塭
ÿζôƽʱûҡˮͷһҶͷһ˵
һֱʱͣҲ㡣һҶ۾˵
𣿡ˮ֪ԼܳʱͣһŮߣסһƺҲ̫ܣǸԼ飬еĸһ֮
ˮͣЩ鲻Ͳȫƽ̨յˮһҪŮ˵ĲĲŮ޷֣ԼİŮ˲֣ܿˮȻҲֲ
ΪʲôҪڣѾˣû뵽ߵôԶû뵽ǻߵ졣һҶ迪ĵĿˮ뵽Щƺر˼һ
ҵʱôģʱ򿴵ʲôоˮҲǸоر档
ҵ㵹ûж룬һСһҶ˵ɫ΢졣
ţ۲ǲǸо׬ˡˮЦſ
ţءһҶһ˵ԼҲЦˡ
Ҳû뵽һ죬Ůһ㣬ҵȷܽӽġˮŵ龰ǹ˵ʲô黰ҲǱԼǰģ뷨ˣǰκһ˿һҶ뷨һҲΪϾļֻݣǰŮǻױPSƬ޷һҶȡ
ʱˣѾҵĴţСһߣܺãҲܰ
Сһﻹû꣬ܺöСѾͷһҶĻˮ֡
ڶˮĺ磬糿Ȼһ꣬ϵرĸ߿º˶ˣ˵Ů˻رƯһҶŮƺԣϳԷʱ⼸ŮǹŹֵĿһҶ裬һҶһֱβϡ
Ȼ⼸Ůδ£̨ȻһΣʵ⼸ŮòȻδ£Ҳ֪ʲôϾ̫ˡ
Ư
ǰôأ΢Ц˵
ˮԭɣ庮ҷЦ˵
ôûбĸƯأǽʵ
֪ˮĹ͡庮ҷЦ˵꿴ڳԷˮ
˵ǼûꡣһҶ˵
˵˵ɣоô庮ҷЦ
Ȼ˶
̨ǵͷԷ΢ЦſŶˮúˮ档
ˮûио˼оܺá
Թ緹֮ˮ͸ŮҪȥ￴̨պ˵ҲҪȥ庮ҷһҲ˵Ҫȥ
ˮκôһȥˣҲԶ
ȻѾ˱Χٺƺûʲôı仯Ʈѩˮ뵽ıѩǡ
Ҳǳѩͣ첻ѩģˮ뵽˺䣬Ȼ뵽Ůĸ׵ȼˡ
еˣһγʱ䲻á
һʱ̨˸εʵõ޴庮ҷһҶŮҪǿ١
ã
ˮܸ֮оеѹ֣Ҳûе£ƺ徻˺ܶ࣬Ӧ˵ǿʲôˣˮˡ
ͨ忴ˮȻܿģ໥ഷһȭ
ǻˣ㲻ڣǶûĹˡ
ǺǵЦš
ôˣ
ˮɫ֪ûʲô£ɵʵ
ˮͼŮӳɲȻͨĶӣ˰׼õССһ
ʱӳˮɵˮҲû뵽ԼҲɵһ죬ƺŮкüˣƻӡ
Ȼ˵ĸɵǺõģǰֱʡ
ﻹðɣ
ˮʵ
ﵹû£ȴǿˣҲ˰ɣûʲôˡ
ε˵


1871 ǿ߾ȻĻ
ô£
ˮʵֵܻǵû𣿡
ŹֵĿˮ
ңţô壬Ҽǵõһʱģõׯ԰ǻҵ𡣡
ˮ˵
ˣ뵽˻ҵһˣүǸŮһ竣ԼϵˣҲˣ֪ڻû
ֺǻ˵㣬ǸҶү֮䣬Ҳ֪ʲôΪߵĿ£һǴʳһܱõڴʳҲ˵ķ
˵ԽĹŹ
ˮϵٿûм֪ģǵҲûж֪ΪڵĻٻǻ᲻ʱŮˡ
ʲô˵ΪŮˣģ촩һѪĳȹ֪ǻٻΪǸŮأŮˣҼߵŮ˶һץҧۣǸ̬
ͨʱ˵
ҵϵΪʱҲ˵Ĺܸϵˡ
ˮε˵
ΧвŮģˮĻһ
ϵ㹻ݣ˵ô䣬ԭǱġ
һ仰ֱӳɲŤס䣺˵åСҸŤ
û˵Ťʲôܻ˸оŤĶ䣬棬˸սɫļӾ˫ȣͨˮ֪Ťʲô̲סЦ
Ұϵˣ绹иˣлָҩǲָ֪ûСˮ˼ʵ
ָʵһѾĻԵˣָǸΰɣ̲סؿ˵
һӳɲҲû˵ʲô
ˣ˵Щˣ˵˵ô°ɣĪһپס
ˮҲܸ̾޳ԵҲһִ֪⻪ǸÿĻѹϾĹȴǲ˵
Խɱ⣬һȷʵû֣˵ǵҪۿһܾĥоߵһҲŹ
˵Ҳơ
ֶĺǿ
˵ˮĿŮ֪ŮģǻٲӦò֣ܿ뵽ˣڵĻѾûŪŮˣҲûгֵԭ򣬵ȻҲпûٺǡ
ˮ붼£⻪ɥĲɱ֪ô
оǼŮ֪⻪ʵΣε仯ˮ֮⡣
ˮ㲻Ҫ⣬ʵĺǿʽŹޱȣֻѪɫצӣϲǺܴ󣬵ȴ޼᲻ݣҺûл֮
ͨˮƺûзæ˵
һˮˣͨûл֮ʲôһУһоܷʤʲôʵ竴Ӹ˿һ죿

һǷͨԶǵһֱţˡ
ˮҲû뵽ô죬ٶԼ֮ǣҲԼϵ˵ĹҲݵģ˭ҲƴģοӦһƴ֮ƴһôͷֻޡ
֮ǰǸɫˣһ˵Ǳɱѣ߲ȱŮˣȱƯŮˣȴǿõˣѹڴҲΪ
ּ尾ŻڸջŮ˶ĥˣҲɱˣ䣬˭ҹŹֵĿ۾ͻ»ˣ˵һᣬȻʵǿԸıߣǱϾû֮ٸҲǹŹֵġ
ˣˮһֻͷ˺ĴΰޱȣȻˣҲеΣˮǾȣȻһϡķޣʵǷ˵һ֣ȴһЩһĽˡ
ˮĿһˣǰһ޳ˣ޳Ѫĳȹ߸㷢һˣˮܵ˼Ϥĸоͨǰ˵ˣһΪһˡ
ǰͿŮˣȥ֮ŮװȻŮûʲôˮ뵽ǰһǿˣܣ
ˮȫµĻٿԼ˫۾Ȼܷŭȴַŭûз磬ַŭһƾһ㣬ˮСһѿƵԼܿסԼرˮ֮Ĺڣܿס治ڸĸ
ҵһܾˣûһ졣
ᣬ˺ܲ
ˮЦˣʲôһ죿ʲôȺܾã˭


1872 ˣн
ʵˮʵҲûʲôϾڵĻٺǰܲͬˣֻˮͨһ𣬻ǴˣȻǴٻΪ˷硣
ܲŮͨ˵̣ʵܶ˶ΪѾϰڵŮݣȨ˵ŮݰɣϾѾˣ㲻ˣֻΪŮ˴ԭ򣬡ǵûķ֮ǰǻҵġ
ٿٿˮ
ϾѾܾˣҲ˵һԼģʵ֪ˮ֪˭֮˵Լѡ
ңŶеӡ󣬶ˣ˭ʲô𣿡
ˮ˵
ʵڵĻٿ˵ǲˣֲƣˮϵȻƣˮĿǰûҪƣϾЩǲܳΪѵġ
ȻòԣҲˣǸˣ㲻ҵΪǽŪģܸܲΪʲôΪҴ򲻹㣬Ϊǲ㣬㿴߻ҵΪΪʲô𡣡
ټˮ֮ǵȻͶ֣ɱһӵĻ˭˵
ڵĻٱϾҲһ죬обϾдʳǿ֧ԼҪʲôҪճھȻھһȥ
ˮĻ˵һ㶣ʵˮһֱһߣϵһ˵Ĺܣ˵ɱ˶ԷݣҲֻǷŭԷΪҲûж룬ֻɫ竲֪Ӻ˶ŮӣԸоϵҲӦá
ܶûʲôԴһжʵı֤ǿΪǿƶǰҲãʷľҲãѹˣײЩʱѾ˵ˣ˭ѹס˭⣬ʤΪΪܣ˭ȥʧܵ˽
οʢУ
ôã⻪Ҳ˲ټ尾ӦǷ˵ļ尾ˮһԼŵľ˼̧ͷŻ٣ԹɣȰκ壬ٴ֮ΣΣôģǳûж˵֡
ˮĻûҵĲϸԼĻʮ˰ɣÿһ춼Ƕ꣬ÿһ춼Ź֣Ѿѣ춼˵һ仰ÿҹ˾շת࣬еʱ䶼
ʵŮװΪ֪Ź֣һֶʵĿҲԼҪǳޡ
ôԸ⻹ǲң
ˮųĬĻ١
ʵ㣬ҽǺͬھҲһͽѣҲ£ڲֻǲܵɱҲһֲĽ֡
ˮо䣬ȴֲòٵı仯ΪһŮˣӦŮ˵ӣҲ˵һƯ˺Լ˵һŮ˱ʲôһˮڣԸо䡣
ˡ
ˮЦ˵
ÿ˶ģôһҲ
ƽ˵
ˮ˵ҪҽΣȴûпٹľϲе㲻Ͼôľ飬ܽˣȴûʲôϲãѵǲԼκǾûдҽΣ
ˮŶԷԹӣӦòûϰڵ
ʵٲôƽֻڵǿûκҲû̫ĸˣ֮ǰ˵ʵˮҽξĶֽŪĽҲܽܣôЩѾˡ
֪ڲǾϲʱ˲ٵҽҩʦȣʱһδεʧ֪ԼѾûϣԵɺϵõ˲нУ״ֻ岻ȫ˲ɡ
״лõĴ󲿷ǻһɻָĲȱ
ԻٵܼΪϣⵤҩˣȴطã˵ǺõĲٺãΨµǸϣָĵطûκɫ
֪ˣû⣬˻֮Ҳ⣬Ϊײнǹ͢ģһ˱ˣв̫
滹˵Բ֮ȫԭ֮ûа취
Ҳԭ򣬻ٸ˲ΪоˮβΪ˵ڻº֮ǰӦòͬˣûģϣԣϾԲ̫֮ãҲ֮á
оԼȲǸʱûĳоԼԶ޷ﵽԲ磬˵ˮϣ֪˵ҽܿ¡


1873 ܴ
ˮľüŮȶǲţ˭ҲûֹˮľˮôǶԵġ
ˮŻȥ̹ȻûκεһֻˮԼ֪ڵʵתֻܲˮǬһоȻ򣬱ʱ޿̶ת
ʵеȻˮڸƵʱɱӦúףҲˮƵʱɱ
Ȼ룬ԥɱˮˮܰҽκãɱǳ׵ٴλԼȻԼҲԼ˺ܶ飬νĲԿп෽λˣԼҲǳԵĿп˰ɣһԼҽκãȻЩ꣬Լ׬ˡ
֡
ˮߵǰƽ˵
ү
æһͣʲôûооף˭֪ҽʦҩʦɱ̫ˣοǳУԸæֹ
ףүûµġ
ҡҡͷֹ˻˵ʲô
죬û˵ʲôȻһ뻪ٵľ뻹Ǻܽģڵһʱ֣䱸Ŀˮ͸ˣƺºͣˡ
ڻҲк˺ͻ˵ģеĻҲǻˣǺǻˣҲ֪Լǻˣܶµȴǿ߱¡
ȻҲΪԼǻˣҲΪԼǻˣǷһ£˵ԼᣬԺ׵һΪԼ⡣
Ҳоˮˣ˺ͻ˲һ۾ܿģ˶һֱԺܿͨԼϰԶҪжϣ׼׼һֱ
ֱܿµģܶʱԵһоġ
ʵҲڶģȻˮҲΪԼĳʲôˣֱ˿ţҲΪʲôԽˮΪƵ顣
ȫǲͶҽ
ٻƣ첲𪣬һ˵֣ȻŮˣˮȡǺģûκ뷨̽ץסš
ˮûҪַʽӺûбҪҲмôֻǺȻоͷһᣬһĸо羳Ĵһ㣬оԼôӦкôԽ⿪ᡣ
Ҳֻһּ裬ܲȷһµĳԣǰǲôģˣֻǳˣԹǺĵ飬ϾƾԲֻǴ˵Ĵڡ
ˮȻ˾Ͳͷ·Ȼϵ˻٣ǾûͻԼʲô
ҲЩˣôʱ֮ٴηˮһµķʽַʽ˵һµĳԣһ֮ǰĹ򣬴һ
ˮİܿˡ
Ĺأʵԭˣٴƻ֪㸴ԭ˶ãǸԭʱݣû֪
ˮŻ˵
ҡҡͷҲ֪ܲơ
ΣҪµʱ䡣
ˮҡҡͷ
ˮ뵽ǸŰߣ֪Ƶˣߴ֮ˣԺ̨ȱӰʥӴʥһħҹȡ
ƺһҲԾˮƺ뿴ʲô
һͿָ˵ʲôȫָκãҪ¡
֮ˮٴ˵
һλٺ𾪣Ҳβסľϲвôţɫӡ
ʲôԸƣ
ٳĬһ˵
ǱϾǳУԷԼҽβһ㶯ҲûС
˵ûжֵı꣬ھȻ˵ˣСҪΣ
ˮջ˵
˵
ٿˮ
֪Ҵһܣɣһһ£ȻǴһΣ
ˮҲܵڵʵǿûʲôģоûġ
һξˣȫ㲻ˮˣڲ֪ˮҪʲô֮ǰ˵ʲôԼû˲ΪԼҽΣȻţҲҲõɡ
ã
ԥ³һ֡
ˮҲ˵ó뿪ʼΪġ
룡
ԭ֮ؽ̩ͣʵʧһûȻͻɥʧ˵ܼ򵥣ֻҪʵҽʦҩʦܿٵĲ򣬵ûнİ취ּ˵ʧûǲκõġ


1874 ˣǿ
ˮûʲôֱӾҽΣǾʹⲡܺΣҪǺλҲô겻вŮܾ˼尾
˵ÿ˶ǹƽģЩʵҲϵôǸҸٵõ޴һ죬ĴǲвŮ
رһĻʧȥĸ࣬ǰһλ콫Ҳȿ־ǣշзΪԶԣܡ
ʵ˵ŬͣܳԿ࣬дǻۣЩƺʧСģʵܼ̫ˣȻ¸־̫ˡ
ԭҪǲԣһߣȥʱ䣬ȥӺԼʱûûҹһʱȫϣܲܳͷسΪǿ߻ֻǸδ֪ûܿ϶ĸ㣬һܳΪǸ֡
ˣԣֿ಻ʲô˶ܳԵģܶ˶˵ԼܳԿ࣬ʵܶ˵ô඼֪ԲůʲôĿ࣬־ǣзΪҪԼĿᶨǰ
ǳԿ࣬ܳ¿˶ǻΪģȥܶ˴󲿷˳Բ࣬ӺҪҪȣʱΪǿҪĵҩǰģôǮҪָ㣬ҪõĹ
ҲΪʲôǿߵĺǻǿϾܶѾ߱Щһͱȴ˷ܶһӵеĶࡣ
ˮĽ벻ϵڻţ֮ҲǲϵһЩѾήľЩϸСľԭѿήˮľ֮֮ͬԿԺͻ⣬Ҳֻˮܿ⣬ϾһЩϸСľܳܵٵģһ޷棬Ҳǻ޷ҽεĸԭ
˵ˮǶôĳҲаƺõıϣһж˳ĽţһΧľڸգ︴յľֻˮܿ

ȻҲܸܵԿԼЩϸСһĻ˹һֱƺһЩů⣬һ˵
֮ǰĻȻЩ䣬䣬һ촩ı䣬һִĵ׷䣬һָоԭ
ʥ֣֮
ˮ˫ֱ͸ӨɢһĹһɹǿҵϢϵɢȴɢȻ˳Ž뻪ٵ塣
ʱһĹȥܿѾǴʱˣ˭ԿˮİﻪҽΣ˲ף˸ףΪܶ˶֪ʲô
ڻвУŮŮΪϰߣûиоʲôֻһֹһֲ̬ûʲôҩƵġ
ٿˮԼҽΣںܾᣬڿȷˮڸˣû˱ڳֽɱֿϣ
ϣһ˵̫ҪˣܶôˣֻҪžϣһûϣǾʬ⣬Ǻѻȥġ
ڸоϣرĴԼһֱĲǿԸԭԭˣǿʵǾ׬ģȻԼʮĿ࣬رҲǾԵķ
˾ԽǰݵԽǸеԽǺµʧǰǮ˱˸ˣΪܻܿص㡣
ˮֵʱ򣬻ٸܵĸоǰƺûжĸоһתʮû̧ͷĶˡ
ڶ޵ĸоֻʧȥ֪ӵеҸʧõĶģر
ĿκԼҲ֪ˮϵǹ׻ٻΪ˽Բ֮֮ûκΰ취
ˮֿ򻪶٣Ӧú˴ˣԺÿһģ¿ԳȬ
лл
ƺѵ˵֡
ˮû˵ʲôȴһĸоһ˵ɢһ紵һƺԶƺƺվλߡ
ˣ
һˮоʲôǣƺܶ鶼ʲôҲǣһԴĵǿըתѸٵߡ
ǿ
ˮЦˣܵı仯ʵûʲô仯ȴǿͻˣһҲоǿĺô
ǿǰһ˵ĵӣǣһ˵һźܴӰ죬˵Ը
ˮڵǿ󣬲ֹˣһЩĹѣĹʲôģЩˮĵֿʽǰ


1875 380
һ˵һ˲䣡
󳹴֮һ֮һسɷ
ˮȻسɷ𡣵һõĺô޷ģǾ޴ģһ֮ĸо֮ǰŮ֮һһ˺ȴǴ˺ȫͬ
ˮ˶̥һɢϢʶ˱仯ɢȻϢǿҰÿˣеĺԼеĺȻʵ˺ܶࡣ
һˮŴָоѹǻԼϲгϾͻȻˣҸһʱ֪ζԼǲΡ
ÿ춼һΣ֮ͻ᳹׺ˣʱʱսһΪҳˣκ㣬º󣬷ģ˵κ㣬ͲᶯֽţһһǿԱ֤ģҲԼʲôˣ˵óõ
ˮ˵
֪ھǳɱԼҲô˵ˮ͵Ϯ˵ףûҲʮֵİնȥ
лرʧеãˮ֪ԼĶԲԣ֪ԼͻرȵģõҪʧȥĶ࣬ο㲻ʧȥء
֮󻪶ٶԼҲ£дʳ
ˮҲӰôôҲǲǿߵģŮǵһɲС
ٵͷһģȻһֱܺ㣬֮ǰ˵Ļ
ٵ뿪ˣߵˮߣôûаնԸ
ΪǣĴʳ֪ôʱҪѾˣȵȰɣʱӦûһߴʳġ
ˮ˵
ϵܣǲǣ
ͨ˵
ǣҲǣҸβȻΣºۣҪĻҲ
ˮ飬Ӻ
ڵһЩĵûԶĵˣҲûԶѣȴֲ޳棬ѲΪ治ֻǮƣܶණܳƵ档

ˮоǰĳޣڿ翴СӴһǾܶණѾ÷ƵǰָоҰӿ˺ܶࡣ
ˮܸоǰһЩΪʲôѺܶ鴦ĽǰԼһɣܼ򵥵鶼סûǮûƣһܼ򵥵Ҫܺܶ·˵ܶ໰еֻҪһ仰ͿԽ
ˮˣ֪ݵ⣬ˮûκֻһͨˣֻҪڵľ磬ǻһΪһǰľͼʶһĶ
ھֶ棬Ϊǿʵ꣬ǰûеĶ
ͨˮоı仯ָоˣû˵֪Լˮľ˲٣ǻǶˮžԵš
ˮս׼ı仯Լʼû뵽ҲһͻȻ뷨ͻȻľȻǶԵġ
½ʵ֮ϣˮȴǲϲȽվһ֣İãʶһЩռΪñ˿ģԼģһ̶Ͼ
Ӳһ֣
ˮ뵽һ˲·оһЩƺںϣŮ֮Ȼꡭ
һκܿ죬һ˲䣬ƺǺóʱ䣬Щûʲôľ뵽ĹУĸоˮΪ֮ǰһþ
һ֮Ů֮һЩ˾Уþľֱӿһ󲽡
꣺ɾ磬ǿ֮ԼʱصȫʵűԽ˲𣬵Գ֮ԼһЩ֮Ĵûơ
һľֱþͻƴﵽ˴ɾ磬ֹˣҲ˾޴ı仯ֻ֮ЧǶһĴҲЧֻǶ֮ǻԵĴ
ұˮԤͻƺЧõ̫ˣˮ֪ΪŮ֮һЩŮ֮εһ˺뵽˾֮Уþֻÿֲݡ
ˮʮµʵֱӴﵽڵٰʮĵʵ˽屶һֱӴǧķǳֵͬԼѡ
һηԾˮ֮ĸоһʱ޷һεջ
콵ƱԼڵջǱɽһǡ


1876 ʳ
һ£ˮޱȵ泩ڴʳԼ鷳ҲǺܵġ
ȻˮȫͻȻʵıһֱ״̬ʱоҲܱԼͱһ˵ͻȻʵûȫƿزŻĸо
Ȼ˵ûȫƿأʵҲǲõһٽһֻ϶һֶƿأȻˮڵʵʲôʲôˡ
ǻȥûгԺأֵԷʱˣ³
ˮЦкˡ
ҪǸκã
ȥʱ岻ʵ
ˮͷȻ˵ˣͰκá
㲻ǲβ𣿡
ԽĲˡ
ҲãҲãˣȻھڵɣҽβְڣĿҲһԣҲԱģǰ̫ˣ֮ǰǰˣӦһֱûаˣƺûʸںҲǣԲǳˣκҲ˵ùȥ
ˮе߶߶Ƶãе㲻ƺֶ֪ˮһʶϸӹˣ֮ǰĻ㲻ˮĳˣˮֻǻٵĳˡ
ˣҪˣûµģҸ㶥ţұһ㡣
ˮЦǰȥ
ЦЦҽǿˡ
Ժһ㿴͸
壺

ˣһﻹֶӺһŮһĺҸֻ֮ǰǸСѾͷǣŮѳˣиԵ飬ȻҲãѾɼˡ
ǵСѾͷҲǴ˲٣Ǻӣֶӡ
ˮǺܿģڱǰᣬ𵤣ˮһЩפյҩûʲôۼ֮ǰɻʱ䲢Сڱһ仹ҪСһЩ
ˮԴһ㡣
ˮϣŮҸĹ޺ġ
ˮߵˣ֪Ѿ߹˲ͷãã˺֪ΪѺˣһԵ֣ûмΪ޷衣
һˮ룬һɴҲ֪㲻ٰˣӦǴˮһںԼΪʲôնݳ䣬ǽĴ򣬻ɱ¾Ϊɱ¾֮ĺܶʱ֪»ԺʲôӰ죬ڵˮûɱ٣κû٣ԻǴȻ޷ȷ
ʵÿ޻ھǺܳɹˡ

ˮסطܴ󣬼Ůס˼ͻպˣϾ벻ˣ̨ջǻסһЩӡ
ȻҲպˣȷʵɵĶ࣬οãȫɡ
컪ٴǰÿ춼Ҫģÿ춼ҪѾǵˡ
⼸ٴθܵ˾ΥĿ֣üĸоڵѾȥŮװװһƯˣҲһǿˡ
ڸо⼸仯ܴ󡣡
ٺˮк˵
⼸ĽӴҲϤˣıˣÿ˶ǻ仯ģҲˮǰǸ԰е֪Ļ٣ڵĻѾǶôᡣ
ˮһЦôô˵ı仯ҲǺܴ󡣡
˶Ҫ仯ģ仯ͻᱻһǵһӦûΪѰɡ
˵˸ܲʲô顣
ɣûôֻаסڲҪġ
ˮЦſ
Ҳǣʳܿͻ㡣
ٻһת
ˮǶô֣ʳԼҲ֣޷ǾԼΪЧѡ
Ǹ˲ɣ
ˮŻЦ
һֻһȵġ
˵
ˮ֪ǻٵʾãǰԼкԼи׼
Ӧ֪ʳΪ°ɣ
ˮ뻹Ǿʣܲܵõ˵ԼҪʡ
һЧǴʳиҪȥ
ˮû˵һҲ֣һм̫ˣа޷̫ˣһɫǿҽʦȻܵ
ﻪȹһ֮뿪
ˮڻûʲôޣ֮ǰĴʳܹ˼ɣоԼôˣʵͻȻ
⼸ʱˮڱѾȫƿأ˸ǽǿǧϸһͶ֮ƺԳɣȻ
ˮõĸӵӦˡ


1877 ̨գ
һ̨һںԺƺʲô⣬һһᣬҲû˴
ѩ׵Ů֮ͬѩӳӣӳɻԵǺ𺳵ģ趯֮ĽϣһƮ֮
ӰǲķΧ裬ΧһƺԼɣ̨ղͣİڶ
ˮ֪ʲôʱѾߵ˺ԺֻԶԶĿ̨գ鶯ƮݵĽĽһٲһ˿ʡ
ˮͻȻ뵽ʲôȻ̨ȥ
̨ոӦˮϢ̧ͷˮ¶΢ЦһĨ΢Ц𶫱߼̫ů䣬΢Цˮȴůޱȡ
񽣣
ˮ뵽ǰһǿ񼼣һǿĽ񽣣ǣֿȻǰ˵еĽûȴ֪
粻ͬԿԽ׽ӵ¡
ȻˮǰҲֻ˵Ѿ㹻ˣȻҲһЩ򵥵Ŀھ֪ǲĿɣھݴ½ˮڽϵƾһ˿Ҳܴο֪˲ٶߵĴڡ
עصǿ֮ƣ֮ˮˮʹƶһкʱˮѾ˿ֲĿˮĻ̻򣬼ıб𵶽ҲѷɫˮĽƿ񱩣Ȼ֪
ˮס̨յ֣Ȼֱһڰգ߿գԵĸ߿ա
̨һҲģˮڿԺȻ֣ӵҲͽڴˣȴǺȻˮȴҲҪ֪Լаܵů
ҿղŵĽϤ
ˮƶ֮仺ζһ㡣
Ǹ߿գȴǻǻƲʣﲻȱɳ鶯֮߿еķ󣬵Щˮ̨˵ʲô
ϴεõŮ֮еĽ΢һ£ԭĻϼӽȥһЩƺС
̨ƺ뿪ˣ˵ʱûиоɥ
õѾˣ˵ʽ͹ǺѵģǸĽҲѣοĶĻŮ񴫳С
ҲɺϣˮǿҵĸоԣЦ̨˵ܰ㣬֮ǰҲзܸܵҪʲô
ҡ
ˮЦ
̨һ㶣ѩ׵Ů֮ݸˮ
ˮЦŽӹȻǰȥҸоҪĽжһֿȴִ
һױ񽣣˵ĴŮ֮ն㿴ˣֽҪһָӺ͵ϣһֲʵľ
ˮ߶֮УƶڲϵζΧˮûп񱩣ҲûаˮΧʲôҲΧԶƶ䲻εһ£
һĸоˮʱٴνһ֮ĸо·һƬѩ׵ıѩأƮѩ
һѩ׵磬ûκεһ˿۹ˮĽˡ
һ˲䣬ˣˮΧʼƮѩΧƶһ˲ÿ񱩲еķԽԽˡ
ëѩƮ𣬺ܿʹﵽƬƬϯ
һ˿˿ǿΧһ㣬ˮĽԽԽ鶯鶯Ľϴһ˿˿ƴȵⲻǾأ˵Ǿصĸ߾硣
ĽǺܿ죬Ҳ
ˮӶʱ򲻶ϵ˵ſھ

һ޴һһ޴ѩ׵ıһľޣγɵģˮǰγɣǧ׳ϰ׿ɢǿҵ
ˮ֪ľŷֲĹϵ
ˮָ޴ıͻﵽԱѵķʽһ˲䣬Χ·ըһƬѩ׵磬ͿĽϡ
Ȼûдﵽ⣬ȴǱСֲֿĿʵ˺ˮĹҽǷȱڵױ񽣱ȲһҲѰĹǿ˺ܶࡣ
ˮõǻƽսꪣƾʹóЧҲҪЩۿۡ
ˮͣĻָԭŤͷŴ̨գʱ뵽һֿ֮ˮûдʿ˵Ϊģˮ֮ǰҲֻΪһŶѡ
̨̧鶯趯һζΧĿһɣƶûжΧƺµƶһûнַ·һõĽ
ΧͻȻͽΧƶֱ˱ɽһޱȡ
ˮˣ񽣾񼼣֮ǰѾűߣԼֻǰ˽ȥһֱӵңѾﵽһԲʸǺǿսϵЧȻҪҪʵ֤


1878 ҺҪ
еıɽƺһ̨ղͣɶ

еıƺڷ΢ı仯ˮĸоΧıɽۣۣܶһ΢ı仯ʶ֮Ǹܲġ
ͻȻеıѵѸˮ̨һӣǸӿɽӱһбµıⲻǱ£ΪµЩٶ̫ˣҲ̫ˣ޼᲻ݵϬˮޱȡ
֮лָƽ̨عͷ΢ЦſˣһܰиվƺҲ
оô
ˮЦ߹ȥеŮ֮ظ
̨սӹȥͷܺãڸоʲôᡣ
ˮЦˣ̨˵ĻǺ˾ģ°ͺٺЦǵȻȻǫ̂Сˡ
ˮƨӣ̨ЦˣܿģԼҲԽԽƽƺΧҲԽԽ֪࣬һж˴Լġ
лл㣡
̨պ˵һ䡣
һ䲻Ϊѩ񽣣ʵ˵飬ڲиŬڸıԼܸоĵ֪ԼӦ˵лл˵˳
ˮһεû̫ķӦ̨գôҪˡ
ˮЦŴȤ̨˵ʵƵģΪʱ䶼Լ˵رǰ˵üѵ˵һ仰ںöˣоһЩƺҲҪˡ
Ҳֻ˿޼ɵĵ٩ҲоôıŤƺѾϰߣϰߣоܰ˵ϲô˵
ϲ˵Ҫ㡭
ˮûʲô˼˵ое̫Ǹˡ
̨һ㶣ѩ׵糺һƬˮֻܺٺٵĸЦ
Ұ㵱һҺҪ
̨˵
ˮΪ˵ʲôȴû뵽˵һĻȻСʵֻҪ˵ˣСҲǿ
ˮһֱӰڻǺᱧˮƺ֪Լһ̨ȻɬȴûйȻ
ÿ
ˮŽߵǵգҡҷϵһѩʥിɢϢ˸еԱԲλࡣ
̨տˮе˸Ŀ⣬аİͷˮļϡ
ǸѩŮˣˮһ˿Ȼ˺ƺҲܺɫ֪ԼǰܴٶҲһֶĹ
뵽̨ҲǸоЩƣԼ׽Լ𡭡
ˮƣ̨Ǿһ𣬶ұһ𣬿ƺҳ嶯嶯ŮɢϢֻܰȴܸ׽һЩһЩŮ顣
֪Լĵԭ򣬻ʲôƺûһһŮ۾ͷһ̨Ǿ˫侲㣬ƺڿһС͵͵һ
ˮȴҲһ

Ҳûзʲô컵飬̨ٴϰһС֮ˮصãѾ˷ˣˮ̨˳һٷû˵ٻܰ
ЩζôԶԲ塣
̨ճԵĲ࣬˲ۡ
ˮ³Ķˮ̨ջмŮٵϵģȻĶҲζˮӵ֮ȻŲСĲġ
Ǿͳһӡ
ˮ̨ʢЦ
ð
̨ƺ֪ˮ˼һĵ˵
ˮû˵ʲôռ˵ĻһֵůͷɢϲŮˣϲֵӣԸ⾡ԼŮҸ
극̨նϵųȥˮȴر֣ǰŮǺͳϵںŵģˮ޷ճŮͳϵĻ档
ˮȴǿˣҪ̨֪˸޷ģɴʱˮȴǷڵ̨޷ݵ̬ǧֻ棬ȴûһнۿĺÿ
ϴ룬ĹճرǻԲεĻȣֳˮɫɫŮемܲס
ܵĿ⣬̨ջͷˮˮĿʱҵĶ㿪ˮеΣûΣ˹ȥ
̨Ȼϴ룬ȴǼӿ죬֪ˮҲ֪ôƲסĻš
ˮܵ˶ԷӿҲǺܿģ˵Լȫֹˮ


1879 ūˣ֮
ڽţ
ˮĴӺ§סӯӯһյ˵̨ձ΢΢ǰбӣķ齿һǺܿŵȴǾĻȡ
ҽʲôˣҪϴ룬ҡ
̨ͷҲص˵
ˮʿɶֹɿ֣ﲻ֪˻ƣ˵ûйķӦų⣬ƵǶԷҲûйķӦһı飬ڻĺѡ
ˮվһȻľͳ˼ǷϣȻϸСǱ̨տһ˵ĸоɵˮͷ
һʱ䣬ǰ仯𡣡
̨Ҳ֪ôˮɫ̲סο
ˮعϹҸЦݣ㻹ҵģװǲǺ񡣡
ˮȻ֮ǰȫǰܣֻһ㣬֮˵ǲ̨ʲôѣ̨ȻҲ֪ˮͼİƳ˳

ٽʱˮûڼ󲿷ʱָооԼѧرڵľ꣬ʵıһֱûʲôսе
ʱ۵Լɱһɱ
ʱˣˮ׼Ͼ֮ǰѾԼ˵ˣ⼸ͻдʳԼڿǰЩˮһҲ֡
ûбֳĿǰĸˡ
ˣˣŰۣʿ磬ɢŨŨһɺȻȻһ˿ȴǸٹ̵ظ֮
һָоһ˿ظ֮Ǵ岻ȱٵϢ
ˮĸоʶоΪˮоٴ˽Ҳ˽ĵģǰôһ仰˲Ϊ
ȻҲкܶἺΪˣǱϾ٣Һܶ඼ԭʵˮĴ˽ΪҪ̫ˣȻǰЩʥ˲Ʒԡ
ʥǴ˵еĴڣûУܴܲﵽ˵
ûˮҲûж룬Լûȫκû٣˵ٲԼ¡
ˮ
Ϊ׵ӲʣȴǺŨӲ֮ϣĽϣһ˵ʣü۷Ŀֱһָ֮˫Ŀִ棬һЦȴǺεˣȱһ飬һִ֮
ˮ֪ǰҺ£
ˮֱʵ
Ҳ㲻֪ʣȻµԷΪʲôҲбԭ
Ǵʳģǽū˶ҽūˣһ˿֪㡣
˵ֱ˵Լݡ
ֻˮоԷѹˣūֺرû˵ˮϵľȣȻū˺
ڵûѾǹ״̬ȻһʱˮڸҽΣòûпţڴʳȴҽÿţȴҽⲻ֪㲻̡
ҴˣѾٰ˿ˡ
ˮǾܾ˶Է
Сӣǿ㣬ôƲԳԷƣ
ǸˮĻ˵
ˮֱӰĿͶˣˣ޳Ҳǿҵĸ֮߰ǰΨжߵϢһ
Ŷô
ˮû˵ԷûаԼ水Լҽҽûʵ߾Ҫ˲٣ǿߵλߵġ
ţǲ֪ߵغҲգҽ֪ʲôǲ࣬ҪǮġ
˵ŲмЦȻˮȥ
ˮվûжϹŵ΢ЦƽĿ⿴߹ˡ
ˣߵƺʵϺܿ죬ԽԽ죬Ȼˮץȥ
֣֮
ˮץȥʱѩɫԽԽ˴Сˮץȥ
֣
ˮץѩ״ơ
һ

˿ˮ֣еĲмԽԽŨû˿ͣپͺˮײһ
ž
һѩ׵ĹըˣȻһĲҽ
ȻҽеĲˮӰɣغһֻѾΪһ̸һ㣬ӣҵʹ˻ϵ·Ҳˮϴһ㡣
һУˮȫûֱӷϵ˶Էһֻ֡
ûҪѾˣһʼ˾ͳԲѷòǺܹ֣ȻˮҪʧˡ
ū˺˶ǲŵĿǰһУһУǺ˵ʵһоͳӣҪ֪̺֮ʥа㲻аҲһЩӳɵġ
ҵ֣ҵַˣҪҪ
˷Ĵ


1880 ؾʦ֮
ˮһСһĿǸˣ˵ĻôĿЦ
ںһŲʧ
ˮƽһ仰ֱǸ˵Ȼֹ
ʱˮԽĿˣ˵ƣǰظĶ˶磬֪ЩڴʳλΣʳֻЩɫˮо̫߹Էˡ
ʵˮһ£ʵͻͽͻƵеֲˣ˵һӴԭȦ˳ȥȻоЩ˱Ƚ
ʳȻҲ⼸ܴģο⼸ǿĽū˻ûж֣ū˾ǲˮĶ֣ӦҲҪǿٰɡ
ܺã֮ǰС㡣
ūһȴ쳣
СҪ۵ģرС֣һͻȥ
ˮūˡ
Ǿҽģ֪ܲܺһȥ
ū˵Ļˮһ㶣ƺԼ֮ǰ˵Ļеţ༰ȴ֪Է˼
˵Ѿٸ˿ˣ˵˭ҽȫȨ
ˮϲľּӺܴ󣬶κ˶ָʹ
ʵˮҲ֪ϰߵ̫ˣһ㶼ݵˣʳʸֻˮˬʱ򣬻Ǵʳˣõ״ˮڲʳʡ
ǼȻֻаץȥˡ
ūԥ»˵
ˮڶ֪ԼҪΪʲôβֻū˵ĻЦˣҲҪû£ץһȥұ֤κǸҿˡ
˵㻰
ūüһѾһѩ׳
ѽѰĽҪһ࣬һ߳Ҳһ飬ȻҲпһ㣬߳ӬͷСһĶ
ȻԶˮǿˣַֻʶƺǰһЩ֣ŹԶŵϢˮһЩ֮ġ
óɣҲ㡣
ū˿ˮûʲô˵
ҪʱԻó
ˮҲûаѻ˵ϾŻƽսꪵʵǿܶܶ࣬رԷ͸ʱ
ȻСˣ
ūûж˵ϻ˵ˮңңһ
һ꣡
ˮ۾һǴһЩаĴ˽ĵ෴ž޴ɱ˵ĽС
ֹʵͿĹͱһ˵лǵģˮҲ֪ûУݴ½Ԫ񣬾ԼСˣԼ԰һ˿ʶ롣
οˮûǴԽ治֪ô͡
Ĺǰһ󣬾ǿ˲˼Ŀֲ飬ֱƵֱֱܲǰһЩಡܾš
ˮӵĹҲ๥˳ֵʶھǿˮϿùݡ
һ˻ǣǧ֮⣬ˮûжֹԱ˵ʤĿŶûа취ֵôûá
ˮһ꺢ͯԼǰˢСľһ
֮
ˮ֣ҽνӲӵֱһץס˽ū˵ĳ
ѩ׵ĳҵĶū˫ѣ·𿴵˲飬ˮʹõҲǻĹ
˱ϾͣʲôҲ֪οֹģԣֱϱ
ģ
һѩ׳ЩһĶˮһȻӳһѩ׵ĳһĶת˵״̬ϻָұ֮ǰҪǿ١
ͨ˼
ˮڽϵľֻ߲֮ͣǰĽֲֳͨƬ㣬ҲֲƬܺ£ֳܸЦ
һѩ׵Ĺɢһֺ嫵Ĵ֮
ˮóԼĻƽսꪣǴ򲻹ˣֻǲðգū˵ʵȻΪײСĽһá
֮ʦ
еĳȻˮȥ֮ƣһʱΧӿȣ·ǧܣǳƵƺĿڣϻᱻĶ
ˮָоЩνĴߵľƣˣս֮ҽζ֡
ūҲ㵹ùˮĺȻ˵Ĵ֮й֮޲ۼ˸Ҳϲˮ
ˮվƵģ磬Χһ쳹챾صƺˮĶһ
ؾʦ޵У
ͻȻӰθߣӰƺһ˲ҲεķŴһɰĺȻ֮ɢ˵ӰɢׯʥϢһȦʥ֮ΧŽūˡ


1881 ࣬ܣһֻ첲
ǰһˮҲǾޱȣū˻ǺǿģǾͻƣˮ֮ǰʵǰҪܣһǴܡ
ʵ֮ǰ˵֮ƥһضеʧɫһˮҲܲв
֣
ˮͨƽսʩչ֣һ޴ĽһĴڣŽū˳ȥ깥ײˮľĹɱ
ټˮľĹͱȽū˵ǿҵײըİ׹⻹۵Ľ⣬ȾѤɫ
ˮͣԸūûʹû֮׷֮Ĺǻûʵܱˮʹãū˵ʵѾˮǿڣҲֲЩţϾǿʵΪ벻Ŷѡ
ɢˮѾûٶ֣ūǱԶһ˿Ѫɫ԰ױʾѾˣŵĿԶˮǵڻǲܽʵ
Ǹ䲻ˣֻʵ̫ˣе֣֮ǰսܸоԷѾˣˮʵо
е֮ǰЩν꣬Ь䡣
ʳžԺ֮ܶ࣬󣬽ū˷֮ǰЩʲôǣǸǿҩʦˮһЩϻ֪ġ
ˣ
ˮЦ˵ƽûоϲƺӮϵ顣
ţ
֮ūһǳ̾˿һ̾ϢһʵĴòܵһΣ̧ͷˮ˵Ϊʲô飿
ս²ҲˣūֻˣϾΪԼİȫֶǲ̫࣬ȻǾǶԼĲ̣һһΪֲȫǾԩģֲȫսĴɡ
Ҵϲɱˣ˵Ҹо㲻ʲô֮ˡ
ˮֱ˵
ҰˣȻ벻ˣ֪ǿɲ뿪
ūһʱеĻ俴ˮ˵
ȻԣҲߣеģǸ˭һֻ첲ǰԼѡɡ
ˮָ֮ǰǸԼ˵
㡭
ѾΣҲȿ첲ãһʱ亹ʪ͸ӿˮſڽࡣ
Ҹʱ䣬Լ֣ʱҪ첲Ͳ˵ˡ
ˮۿˣˮǲģҪԼҲҪһ̵ĽѵԺʳǰ֮˼ɡ
ˮûпĿ΢΢̧ͷƺڵʱһūҲû˵ʲôеĳֱӻӳ

̲סһҽУһ첲˵ϣˮȻֱתͷ߰ɣѸ첲ߣ
߰ɣҲȥɣ
ˮ˵һҶΪҪչ㣬Ĵ򶷳治ʺСڣˮû
һսҲ֪Լˮ֮Ĳ࣬ЩŬԸһϣǴûԼΪһܳˮϣ֮ʵСһЩ
ڿҲϲˣȻеֻǿģϾˮʵԽǿԽˣǸ˲ϣԼǿҲǱһһҪ
̨վˮߣʵˮ֮ǿģҲܲˮȷеʵ֮ǰܸܵȻ֪ܵʵˮʵʵսνĵȼʵҪǿĶࡣ
ˮĵȼʵܲˡ
ˮ̨ߣ֪ˮԸҲı仯һθˮľ˾޴ı仯һЩ鿴Ǹ͸ˡ
̨Ͼﻹвˡ
ȻҶ˵˭Ҳ֪ˮߵЩŮӺˮһѹϵҵ۾ѩġ
ˮ̨վȻںĿľٶ΢΢ߺľգǲԾĹһ˿΢Ц̨տƺˮЦ⡣
ˣȴе֣Ѿǵһˣ˸̫ĵһΣӦ˵Լĵһμȫеһμ׵ᣬڶ֪㲻ᡭ
ˮ˽ūˣԺ󻹻ǿġ
ͨȿڡ
ɣˣʳʲô˲ˣ֪𣿡
ˮ֮ǰˬЩˣҲû˭ˡ
ҲǺһʦ
ͨҡҡͷ˵
ţʦһʳĹʦѾǿֻˣʦһ֮ʦ֮ʦʵǿҪżߵʳôǿĴڣʦӦҲ򵥡
ˮЦ˵


1882 ʷ𽣬Ůʦ
ˮ뵽ţݵʱҲйʦӦúĹʦǲģĲָһʳĵλʲôģֻʵţȴǿ̫ˡ
ʦһ֮ʦţĹʦһʵĵȼʦһݣȻȥˣ鲻Ӧúܿͻһķչ
ʦʲô缲ôһֻǲ֪һһǰ

ʳһݻĵУһɵŮڿϱĿĽëܳںϸܣѩ׵ûһ覴ãӨ޳ŵȴǴϵǡôĻߣ͹ȴǼ¡
վŵʽ٣ʱĻҲǰվǳȴûһаеֻǳݡ
ʱŮ˫ۣһ˫ڱʯһ˫ۣȴһ죬ǳĽëǳ
ʱԶһŲȻū˼˳ǰ
ūʦˣ
ūߵŮǰ֮ҲǸ˹
˵ɣ
ΪʦŮɨһۣǸ˸첲Ҳûж϶ͣһ¡
ūܣ֣ʦ˴
ū˵ϥڵϣЩ˸ֱӶ
ŮƺһҲ֣߼ɫǶŽԼһֻǳɫСףһնһֻͰ
΢΢ֽ̽ū˸𣺡壬˵ٴΣ۷ʲô飬Ҷġ
ū̾ûж˵ʲôԼ꣬мԼȹһΣô겻ʲôʲô鷳ãҲ²
ū˶ʦҲҳޱȣҲһ˿Բʦ飬Ů˾ӣҲԼĺ󱲣һģҰŮŮΪ֪Լûʸ
ˣȥϢɣ鲻ùˡ
Ů˲ûѯʵ첲ǸˣʼնûᣬǸҲû˵

ʦˣ
ٸæߵŮǰ
ȥһãҵҪ˵ҽʦǲô档
Ů˻˵
ǣ

òΪƶģĿҲΪǮˮҲãһ˶ǮˮһΪΪƣƶбۻ֮
ΪƾǿҽԽύһЩǿߣԼʵԽԽǿҲǿԽԽ࣬Ѿô¶ˡ
ԭ򣬱ףˮÿطͣ⻹;УȻ͸ˬˣ½ޱߣǿ߱زȱٵľҪ
ﲻһҪôǿ󣬵ҪǿٶȺȻʵԽǿԽãֻǰٶȺԽǿԽãˮڤﻹǺǿģԺʵǿ֮Ҳǿ
ӣҲǣҲз˵ѪͳչᣬҡֱϾЩ˵ٶȺͷеǿ
ˮԶԽԽķݣˮĿǰǿԼڵڤ硣
һֻʷ𽣡
һë޴ӣξһֱˣͷϴĻʹڣɢ⽫е̫ȥȻٺǲ̫̫Ҳôֻʷһʱ·ڸ̫ĹâһȻһӾʲôâڸ̫âġ
ʷɢǿѹ˰֮еޣô˳ģɢɷ֮Ǻֲܿġ
ˮʷϵʱһ£һŮˣһߵ۽ȵչֵ죬ںڵĳһɫķϵš
ɢʥĵϢ͸һɶׯĵĸо
ֳȵĲ׺˿СһìܵŮˣɢһԵϢּںϣǺѵֵġ
ʦ
ˮͻȻָоصŮ˾Ǹʦ˵Ů˵ĵǿңʵ඼УǲŮģָоҲʵģһֱʶĶֱУ
ˮӰһڿУȻѾʷ𽲻ԶˮõϿգֻˡ
ʷͣŮ˿ˮȻûмˮȴǿˮĻһ۾ϳԼǰ˾ԼҪҵˡ
ˮʱ򿴵ʷԶվŵǻ٣ʷ͵ıϻǲСģ֮ǰˮûп¸ܵˣҲûȥϾŮ˿ץסеߣϢΣԡ


1883 ӮˣҪ뿪ʳ
ˮٵˣҲ˵ܰǰŮ˱ȥһ̶ǱȻǷ˵۵㣬ѱȵó˭ƯΪ϶Ѿ޿ޡ
Ů˫ֱŮ˺Ůһ˵ĴԳһŮûеĴˮ֪ôݾǸоޱȵޱȵĴ
һֶȣվʷصĸоŮҲڿˮû˿ı仯ˮƤ಻˵ܺãˮĻ治٣Ǹ٣ŮһĿȻˮŮ˵ĸоˮӦñ𻪶ٺһ㣬ϾȱһЩ֮
ˮȱ˵̫ˣϾǾ֮ȻᣬǿԸܵǿҵϢرʶǿˣʷŮˡ
ֻôһᣬŮг˲ţ֮ǱжһŮ˸ܵˮϵǿ֮
ˮ
Ůˮ˵
΢΢еԣһɣǰҪĶ࣬һ㳤úÿҲ˵ƫʵȻúÿ˵һֹɣȻʲôͺˣоһǱʶת䣬˵Ůǿԭµġ
֪㲻ÿ˶׸һǱƻԸʵǳġ
⶯ߣ
ˮһƬޱȵƺͨ˼һҲ䡣
ӦþǸʦˡ
ˮЦ˵
˲ӵǲСҵȥȥˡ
Ůϱɣһ˿Ц⣬ǲЦֻԼ֪ˡ
Ұ˿ʱҽץȥ˿
ˮ˵ߴŮ˻ʷ𽡣
мˮ˼ɫֻˮûпΪٵˮҪŮΪУǸˮŮ˺ǿ
ҽ֪ʲôҽ
Ůƺе˵
׼ѹƴ֮˲ҽΥĲ˲ҽ鲻ˬʱҽ
ˮֱ˵ЩһЩһЩ˲ܾΣΥ
һֿƺе飬׼׼֪ǰһҽȴи涨һ˾Ҫɱһˣõظ
ȻⶼǴ˵Щһ֮ˣҪˣԺĶ񣬱Ҳġ
˼֪ҽΣ䲻ҽ
Ů΢Цſˮ
һˮԿŮ΢ЦĻǵ΢Ц

ˮЦˣǺܴ
Цʲô
Ů˿ˮ
ձ֪ܲܿڵ
ˮŮˡ
Ѿ¶ˣҲŮ˵ƽһ֮ȴûκεĲϢɫһ̲ƽˮ̬װװġ
Ů۾Ŀˮһ˲ľĶǣˮƾһ֪˵ҽΪûֻ֪ܵǰһ죬й¶Ĳ顣
ȴ˵еĻ˵ɣʲôҽΡ
Ů˿żɽ˵
ҳҽΣǻһҸҽλһֶ
ˮŮ˵Ļ֮ʱһ䡣
Ů˲ʲôɽеСˮĿһȻ˵ȡĶҽ𣿡
ǲҽεġ
ˮʵĻش𣬵ҲǻشŮ˵⡣
֪ʲôֺܶıǮ书ؼ
ҲȱǮ书ؼҲûʲôȤ
ˮŮ˵Ļ
Ҫʲô
ŮЦˣŵģֵĸһĸо
ҪʲôӦ
ˮЦ˵
ĵӺܴ󣬺˵֪ڶô𣿡
Ů˿ˮ
ˣ
ˮЦ˵
㲻𣿡
ˮ˫ֵһŮЦ˵ˣȻͲˡ
ôţҪǴһ˰β
ˮ̲סЦҲˣ˸βأ
ӮȻҪûʲôҪҰģˣ㻹⴦á
Ůɵ˵
Ӯˣһʲôģʱѡɱʲôģ˵һӮҲܣҿɲˮһա
ˮٺЦ
˵ɣʲô
Ůû뵽ˮôࡣ
ӮˣҪʳ


1884 ɱ壬
ˮĻŮһ㶣ˮΪԷŭʱû뵽ԷȴûκεĲãֻе㲻ˮʵΪʲô
ûΪʲôҶԴʳûʲôøУɲ֪㲻㣿
ˮĶԴʳûʲôøУϾһҰ̫ĻʳûʲôøеģʵҲʲôǸʳûҰģÿ˶ԼҰء
ҰҲһǿƶһƣƶһ˵ĳɳزٵĶ̫ˣʵ˾ͻ෴ľزˡ
㣬Ȼ㣬ܸܲΪʲôԴʳûкøУʹʳɣ
Ůеζ˵
Ҫ𣬲ϲǲϲͱ㣬ҿԸһ㶼Ư𡣡
ˮ˵
Ǻǣ˵Ư𣿡
Ů˵Ц˵ĴɢӲɿܵ
ˮҡҡͷŮŵıǮԼĻϣ֮ǰĻҲֻΪ˷ԼѾԼˣ˵׼ΪԼֲֶע⡣
ˮȻоÿֻ˵˶˵ƯҲ֪ΪŮ˲ƯĹƻҲ
ˣ˵еԶˣ뿪ʳҲûʲôôҸβȴûһôû˼ˡ
ˮЦЦ
˵˺ģôоǸαӣЩоܿЦֻҸ㡣
Ůƽ˵ҲǼƽ
ˮԴôоŮҲĺݣ鲻ˬ˵鲻õʱҽ
ҾץȥһβңҾ͹һ졣
Ů˵Ӱֱˮȥһߵĳ˹ȥֱһӰⲻǲӰƺûһ
һ˫ѩ׵ˮȥӪ͸ȴǴһɱ⡣
֣
ˮҴ⣬̫Ѹٴ
ԣ
ûʲôڵĶƵǿĳ徢۲ɢǿûгߣҲΪʲôǿһС䶼ֶܽȴ𣬲ȻڵʵԺ׵ɽ
ˮ־ܸߣ־ԿԳƵϳˣеȻҲ˵ҪжǿɾˮӰһֱںˡ
ԼʵŮˣ
ˮòʵõķ㹻ǿȻԷǿĲϺˣȴǶûʲô˺һֺëëܰҵĺˣȻܰˣȴǲˡ
ˮھָоһëëܣվסţȴû˿˺
˲ǽǧУˮ˻ǱŮҲһЩ˵Ŀǿо㣬ôǧѸٵĳײƺûյһ˿һӰ졣
ˮҲǺƣȥֻܰȨȫŮƿأ֮ûóǱʶһֱʹãһֱʵһֱϾԼԵ档
ҪСˣ
Ů˵꣬һֻڿƽתһȦһѩ׵γɣȻˮͷһ㡣
ˮһӷ·һ磬ΧޱȣֻźܶǿޣǺֻʮֻֻǧֻ
ÿһֻɢµ׶֮
ɱ壡
壡
ˮһ֪һ󷨵ôڣ˵õģЩ͵ľ޶ʵģõ
ˮӰһŹΧͬ»оŹ
ȻˮľŹźڰһǴɱ塣
ˮֺǰΧһֲǺİҲ㲻ϾͨǰˮӲһӾ͸ˣˮھŮ˵һöӣֻǵжԵģԷҪˮˮҪǳ˵İΧɢҵĻŮˡ
Χ壬ŮҲǰУվĵλеͷˮҪƷԷͳߡ
壬Ϸ
ˮΧһŹˮһŮ˾֪ɱ岻һΪˮھŹӰ¿Ը߷ͷԳ磬ߵ·ߣҲһȥ
Ů֪ԼɱԼסԷԼȫ
ˮһʱΧѾָ֮ǰŮٴ˫ֽӡһֻİˮȥ

ˮųİƽƽ棬Ưǰνǿ̫ˣֻͨѩףëһɫɢ͵ĹΣףңβֱֱƮţٶȴӯ
ˣˮٴЦˣֱһƴ̺ſֲ֮



1885 ںϾ꣬
ֱӽֻɢ
ˮľ֮Ĺ˺ŮȻˮҪǿرǹϣŮ˵ĹˮǿȻ֮ǰҲͲˮһֱںˣǵɡ
۷Ů˺ˮͲ˺ܶ࣬һʮᣬˮʽȻϧǱŮ˴һֱˡ
ŮҲǿԼκβΪĹԴˮֻ޷˺Բʹ๥̽ˮˮ깥ǲҲôǿ
ûдɱˮϾˮܰҽΡ
ѵ˲䣬Ů˾סˣҪ֪ߺǿ󣬵˭ѧĹڵĹɱǿĻġ
ֹ޴ӶܣֻֿܵӲԼҲĹʹóֵײǾֵֻֻȫڰ״̬
Ů֮ǰûΪˮĹʹõĹǺǿҲʱˮʹõľ֪ԼˣǴش
һ˲ܵˮеĸͰԵֻԵĴľܿһƺʲôһҲһѳ
һѩ׵ĳܿⳤϾͲһѩ׵һĶɢǿ֮Ȼˮ
ˮ˼һƽսꪳУȻһɫĹΣڻƽսꪵļˣŮ˵һ㣬ˮĿܱŤ˭ܿˮģŮˡ
ͣ
ˮĶŮ˽ЦĴԣŮ̬˵Ĺֳ꣬Ĺ꣬һִӹ﷢ģĹҲǲͬ
ˮ̧ͷŮһۣȻٴγԣһλ֮ǰһΣֱӷɳȥˣںƺôףˮü˼
㲻ҪĹ룬һ˳Ȼ
Ůʱ˵
ˮҲûлɣŮ˵ĻԣǷ飬ͻƽսꪱ˵ģͿ˵Ѫһ㣬Ȼˮſ񣬻ƽսꪺƺʧһⲻʧһȫںϣԼһ
ˮƺҵ˷ȻҲŮ˵ʾҲһ㴰ֽ˾һ͸ˣ㴰ֽͭǽһ
ˮƺ͸ˣʵŮ˲˵Ҳܵ͸ֻǿҪܳһʱ䡣
ˮɹĽɫƽսꪵʱ̧ͷŮˣʱ˵˵Ҳ̣ŮȴһֱڰĵţŮ˿˵һЩԼĵá
Ҫ֪Ů֮ǰ仰ˮ˵ҲǼֵǵģȻˮţٵĻǾһĲֵˡ
ҪҪϰս
Ů˿ˮѾգҲǸ̾ԡ
ãɣֻܸϱһҪǿһЩ
ˮЦ˵
ǿˣİԵԶκĹĴ
ѾˣҲҪ⣬ûжԱôá
ŮѾ֪ˮľİԵ
ͽӺˣ
ˮҲǺƿصǲҪ֮ǰǿ󣬱ϾھͻƽսһʵǿһģֻӶپͲ֪
ǱԨ
ˮȳˣŮһӰһĲӰ˳ȥеĻƽսꪴƵľ꣬ڵĻƽս꪿ѾǾ꣬ƺѾںˡ
һɫһĹγŮˡ
Ů˲Ҵ⣬еĳȻܳһ޴İŮ˻ȻŽɫȥ
䡭
޴ĳȴǱڰ֮ڣ֮ڵضǻ谵޹⣬ɳʯѾݡ
ˮȵķԼƺǿŮ˵࿹⣬ǾİԵŮһĻ꼼ƺûƣֻһ࣬˵ŮϱԼǿһ֮࡭
ˮǿͷҲǺֲܿ˵ӦñŮ˻Ҫһ㡣
ŮҲǲţսŮѾԼǿĹʩչ˳ȴǷκãԼƺеСȴһ֪ƣľһûлĺϣƺԶ֪ƣһ
ˮʼʱһɬŮûоȫóȫˮˮѸٵƿʱŴ򶷣ŮõʵԽԽǿˮԼƿصҲԽԽϤ
ϾˮԼѧҲǧģԼս¸ոںϵģҲǿԺֵģοʵսսҲġ
սҰ
δ󺣣
ˮŮʹ˸ǿɱУ޴ĳֱʮˮǿҲǸоеͷ裬ܿͻָˣû˿ơ
ˮŮ˵ʱȴǿԷһ˿Ѫ뵽壬оԼе۸ˣвô


1886 ûгģɹ
ˮĹػŮƺе㾪ȣƺҲǺ֣ҡҡͷҲ£ˡ
Ҳʹû̸ʸˣҲûа취ҽˣڲ֪ʲôоϾʮյһսȴˣֻ֪ˮҲʵ㣬֮ǰˮֻбķݡ
ǴʳĹʦǴʳеһǿڣͬʱҲɹˣɹ̫Զˣӵеʱ޷صɹġ
ЩҲ֪˭ݺж֪ʲô֪˭ӦǴʳµ֣ϧҲԸԼˣȻҲ޷ҵĵҩ
ȥɹҲа취ɹǲܽסԼûκģϧʱѾ
һˮһ۾ͿԼޣ˾ǸԼ¶ˣʶ书ɻɣڻڻɡ
Ϊ֪Լò׷ȥ˺ܶ࣬ܶǰûףϾһԼǿŮǰҪܴģοǹʦλܸߡ
Ů˻ˮöӽԼŲɸ˵ͼϾԼǴʳĹʦʳһЩѾַǰ˺Χ˵档
ҿκ㣡ˮ˵
ܸܲңκʲô֪㲻޳ΪҽΡŮ֪ʲôȻжǲԼµĶ½ҽʦԽǺܺõö֣رǿҽʦڶҲǺǿ
֪ʲôôˮƺɣϾⳡսҲǵõ˲ٵĺô
㲻ȱǮڵΪӦﶼϡ㿴ҳƯ𣿡Ů˶ˮ΢Ц˵
ƯƯˮĵ
ǲ֪ûСŮƺϰ˵Ļ֧Ų֪ô˵ȥˮȴǿס
ˮҲʲôһЩʻоڿϻǺ׼ģԸоŮ˲ˣΪ鲻Ϊȫˣ԰˵ǲ˵ĻоȻΣˮǸܵһ˿ɷ֡
ҳҶҲ˶ûǸ̫̫࣬໹⣬ҲϲķʽҪЮˣУӺͺӵˡˮҡҡͷЦ˵ߡ
Ů˽һ˿㵣ȴ˵Ѿû֪ʲôΪ۸ˡ
ģûгģСҪôˣᵽڻ֮ˮͷҲص˵
Ůһ죬СʲôҲ˵ܿԼֻ֮л˲ܡ
ģŮ˿ˮʧӰ֮ǰڻˮû뵽ԷˣȻ֪ǲ¶ˣƺѾû֮ǰĸоôǿҡ
ȻȥɣŮ΢ԶһĻ˵
ʦˣЩ֪˵û뿪
˵
ҺҲвСĹڣڶûкͽ⣬ȴǰκ壬֮ǰҿǺ޵ģǲݵľ棬ȻҴ򲻹ǶУҲò˵ĵػǺܺãرĺãǿΪ߲嵶ˡٿŮ˵
κ㣿Ůƺ֪ٵȵ˵
ˣмȫˡٵͷ˵
ţҽ治ˣ֪ˡ
ȸˡ΢΢Ȼ뿪ˡ
֮ǰˮһѾһЩˣȻǺأҲǺᣬվڿտĸ߿գΧķ罫ķ˿ƮԶԶĿƺǾŮ鷲һ
ˮ뿪Ů˵ӾûжԶãﵽõľѾǺԶϡԿ䵽ϣ˫õķȥ
˿ˮصҲˣ֪ˮʵǿǿȴǲ֪ҶԷǴʳĹʦԸûеףڿˮõĻȻرĿģˮû£оǿˮʵ
ˮһҶӹ㣬СһѾѧʱٽ磬ҲһЩ飬ûзʲô⣬ԶǺܿģŮȥˡ
ǹʦǿǿ󣿡ʵ
ǹʦ𣿡ˮ˿ʵ˵
ʦûУϵܣ˵˵ǹʦʲôӣһæ˵
ǾǹʦˮָŮЦ
ͨ˳ˮĿ⿴ȥÿŮ˫˵ʣɫߵӺܻŮϸ˫ֱӿˡ


1887 Ư
ͨҲˣĵƺе㹢ֱһĶԼĺӣԿԺ׵ĿƣϲƯŮÿ˵Ժͱܣ簮֮˽ֻ֮ЩǵͣЩǴһ˿˼˴һЩĿж
е˵ûʵûžǵĿûʵôһһЦ޼գʵһ㶼ԸȻвųһЩǳֶΣ
ͨ㲻ʵţҲ˭ԣѰŮ˾Ͳ˵ˣǰŮͱȲϣĿǰȲϣҪȵĻݵλΪǰŮ˦һκܳľ롣
ͨŮ˵˲ûлˮĻǵһο͸оˮ˵ģŮ˾ǸνǿĹʦǷչֳʺϢѾ۷
ȴ໥һ۾Ц뿪ˣˮһõԺҲǴŸսȥѾرˣǴš
ˮվȻϵŮ˻ֻû뵽ô졣
ŮϹŵ΢ЦߵˮܽĵطͣˮԿŮ˵۽ëģϸںڣһ˵ԸУֱͦǷ·̵һ㡣
Ư
Ů˿˵Ĵ۾㡣
ţô֪ǶӲŮ
ˮʵΪܶ˵һζ˵ǸŮ
ȻˮŮ˵Ŀ⣬Сһ棬Ȼ䣬СһﻹǴſ·Ȼһţˮͷ֪ˡ
Ůһܿˮ΢ЦĿ⣬оܣǸСûʲôֻˮߣȻվͲͬˡ
Ů˺˵֪֪˵ʲôû˵Ŀ⿴ΧõһЩ
ǵһã֪ѾˣˮҽҲֻ˵һ£Ҳо˻ҽĲ
Ҵ㿴
ˮЦ˵ŮҲǰһԼæǰ򵽾ͻƽսںʹҲõıϡ
ð
Ů˵ĵͷĵ˵
ߵԺʱŮڣˮŮ˽Ȼӭк
Ů˿һҶӹˮеĺӣ֪Сһ׵ʱҲǾ̾ʵȵÿһŮ˶˿ѷɫֱŮ˺˵Ĺϵܲһ㡣
˵һΣҪѣʵһǿŮ˻ˡ
ˮǽλ˭𣿡
е˵
ˮ˵ֻ֪ǴʳĹʦ
ȻˮָŮ˽Ůˡ
ʱٽ磬ŮҲû˵ʲôˮҲûʣˮܲµԷŮ˿ûԥʹӦˡ
ˮ֪Ů˵֣Ҳû˵ˮҲûдô˵ֶˮ˵Ҫ֪ǴʳĹʦͿˡ
ǲǶȤ
һҶ豧˵
ˮɫǵԾ˵һ£ʲôء
һҶ費ҳǰ涼ˣֻܺˮһۣСŮϢʮ㡣
ˮǺһҶСŮϢϾŮһֱֲʳ̻һĸоǳɻôãӶˣʲûмԽˡ
ˮûµʱϲϲ޵ӣһĸо
ǲǺܻ쵰
ˮ뵽һҶŮǱŮˡ
Ȼˮ˵ʦʦûǸزˮ˵ѪŮʣڶ֪ˮòЩ鲻˺
ھݴ½һ޺ƽŮҲܽܣǶôĵִĵȻ˭ҲϲԼֻԼһŮˡ
ѾĺܺˣŮˣҲԤ㣬ҲԤֻŮԽԽ᲻ˡ
һҶ˵ֻˮ
һҶԼо벻ˮ֮һ·ҲܲףˮȫҲˮŮˣûҪԤˮⷽ飬ĶûΪоһѾˣǰ붼ġ
Ҿɵ˷ˣҲġ
ˮѵ˵һĻǺȻ档
һҶһ˵΢Цϵ˹ҸЦԽȻ
ԼŮ˴ڵⶼҸرģΪĸеҸͱø涼оҸҪļõ㣬塭


1888 Ƕ
ˮŮҲǸʦдܵģ֮ǰŮ˿ԸЩؼĶ˵ػΰ뵽ˮŮˣǰȴΰ˶ͦΣǵ·һõĳ嶯⵱Ȼֻһ뷨˵ˮ˼ô˴뷨ΪҪܵһЩԼͿԣ뷨ʵȥ黹Բʲôˡ
ˮоģҲ֪Ҳòõ˻ᱻΪظˣϾ뷨ûС
Ů˲ǶôĽ̸ҲһҶƺҲĵ˵ӢϧӢۣʵŮҲϧŮģȺˣǿ߶ǿߣŮ߶Ůһġ
ôǴʳĹʦأ
Ǻʵ
Ů˸նû˵֣ŮˮŮȻ֪ʲô֣ˮ֣ܡ
ܣǰһǿߣ˵еӰҲһЩݵĵزǴ̬ϣ˵һŮˣŮװʲôԹΪвŮŮ
Щˮ룬ǰݶܵľһŮˣˮĸоﶫܸһŮˡ
Щʵ͹ʦŮûʲôϵǰ߰ݵƯҲûǰŮƯŮ֮ˮ뵽ֻܲΪϣȡ
Ů˵ˮصģͲ׺ǲͬĴˮ˵Ů˺˫ֺܺˬֺѽϵȴĽˡ
˵ǲţʵʱʳͣһЩʱ䣬ǿʵʲôʦҲûܾͣһʱ䡣
Ů˵ƺԼоеơ
Ϊʲôţš
΢Ц˵
Ůһ㶿ǣֿŮſˮҲ𣿡
ŲŲҪ˭ҲҪ
ˮһ˵
⻰Ҫˣˮ˼˵˭ҪƭƭûʲôϵҲûȤ
Ů˺ÿüë΢СķӦĴŮȻ֪ˮе˼뵽֮ǰˮ뿪ӺǾģԼδƽôģ
ȻδƽʲôΪԼβء
˺ܿɿڣȻû˵Ů˳ԵóԵһٷǵˮģŮ˺ܾȣ³ĺ٣οôóԵķˡ
ˮ³ǲԼŮ³ȻŮǿˣҲԸΪ
ﶼԼԣ˵ӦרŸģǰйһʱ䣬оϰߣοϵ⣬Ȼÿζϣ컹ٳεġ
극Ůûþǡ
ʼնûҽ飬ˮ뿪ûзŮʲôͬƺһҲƽԼûиҽ
ˣˮ֣ˡ
Ů˻ͷˮƽ˵
֪ˮֻ֣ˮֻǵһνУˮоܹ죬ȴǺرƺһ˵ľΥоϣһܽӽĺ
黳Դǰһ£ųӰӣˮϲһŮǳУȴԷֲǺܺãŮ˾ǳƺԷ֣رĺоҲرĺá
ˮʱϲӰӣԱҲرĺãŮ˵ĳƺоҲҲʸˣǰӰоãйˮȴֻȻɵĸоˮĴһ¡
ˮ֣ôˣ
Ů˿ˮһգգĿԼһˮ
ˮعҡҡͷûдӦβûɱ֮졣
ҽʦûβôأ˵֮ǰһóԵķҲһź˵Ҫллˮ֡
ŮƺҲϲƺҲԽԽȻˡ
㶼ˮˣҪǲҽΣǲе㲻顣ˮŮƺ΢Цš
ʵŮ˲ľͱˮСȻˮŵǰѾ꣬ﻹǷ۷۵ġŮ˺ˮҲһƺһ֮䡣
ϧûܸĶڳĸ֪ô㡣Ů΢Ц˵
Ѿܵĳģҿ޳ҽΡˮЦЦ˵
ģŮе㲻Լġ
ȻҲƭ˵ģ߰ɣҴȥ徻طⶾˮ߶С
һСΧһ޼ʵĺˮǱһСҲͼʮƽɽʯˮֲҲУ󣬿г˷ҷĻɽ
С̫ˣˮٽߵģû˾סˮŮվɽµʯͷ⻬羵Ǳͺˮˢġ


1889 嶾ɹǹ
вû̫Ũĺˮ¡
Ůе㿴ǰˣԼʲôʱгˣ֮ǰԼҲûиоԼûгģеãĿΪԼҽΣҽκõĻҲǲ顣
ձϧѾûʱɹʱһֱھᣬҵʱİ취Ҳãܶʱ򲻻ô˵ġ
оŮһվһߣȻûҽΣָо˿κԼ
֪𣿡ˮͷ߼µĸŮˣˣ硣
ֻ֪ҵﲻܳ־ãʹóۿۣоѸٵ˥ߡŮҡҡͷ˵
֪ԣ֪ʲôҩ𣿡ˮʵ
϶ҩǧ֣ҲǲôµĵҲر࣬˥ߵľ͸ˣ嶾ɹĺžĶҩȷǲǡŮһ˵
嶾ɹˮٴɹǱڸǿĴڣȻҲһЩɹһЩڣһɹһǿһЩɹʵǽԭɹ
ɵĿҲһı׼ģӵжټߣЩб׼ںһҪиеǿߣһɹػҪﵽʲôʵмػȡ
嶾ɹг𣿡
ˮʵ
ֻ֪ͺ嶾ɹгµĲӦ嶾ɹĶǲ嶾ɹµľͲ֪ˡ
嶾ɹĶ嶾ɹҲƲɾ
ˮ˵ȻóС
Ů˺嶾ɹ֮ĶԹûйʣҲûȤֻǶһЩɹȽϺѡ
κĶŮе㲻ŵʵ
ҽɣˮЦ˵
Ů˵
ǹˮЦóеĽ롣
Ů˹ϵıտڣ˵ΪҲֻ֣Ǹǰ˵ҲˮһˣûжôķŭǸое㲻֪˵ʲô򲻹˵
ˮҲûټ٩Ž뿴Ůˣظ֮ͦνˣ״ͻȾ·Ҳ˸棬𺳡
Ů˸ܵˮǻĿ⣬üˮϰĵ˻ҽ֮ռˣĻԼҽǲҽ
ˮöʻ߰ʲôģͨŮ˵һţŮжˮڽⶾźܶ취¾ǶҲа취綾Ҳܽã֪Ůжˮ֪Լ԰
Ҫ롣
ˮ˽䱸˵
ǲҪѵ·
Ů˿ˮʵƽˮ֪ŮңԼ˵Ҫ֪᲻ùģֱӲҽء
ҪҪѵĻҲԡ
Ҳˡ
ŮΣҲûа취
λÿܻеΣϣ㲻ҪС֡
ˮǰŮ˴Ԥ롣
Ůԥһ»ǵͷ
ˮʼţһ룬һڽϻȻˮֱһλãһŴ糤Ľȫûȥ
ַ죬һ˲ĸоˮһ˲ʹʥ֣֮Өѩ׵ּҪ͸һ㣬ˮһ
Ůһ˲ĶһΪһҪĻ㶼㲻
㺦ɱ㡣
ˮͷҲ̧óڶ֧˵
Ҳˡ
ʲôǻˣ
ˮڶ˳ָλһ롣
˾ΥƽһЩ˲ԸһЩ캦顣
Ů˵
ˮ룺ҲǷֺü֣һһ㶼С͵Сһ£ȻǳɲֻСΧĴ󲿷ûκӰ죬һСϷҸŮʲôģȻܻȻС
кȻлˣûлĺˡ
Ů˻һû˵ʲô
ţû뵽㻹һѧңɰҲǸѧҡ
ˮŵ˵
Ůһˣˮеţ˺Ц֪ˮ˵Цҡҡͷ˵˵ʲôǴˡ
ˮҡҡͷҲ֪ʲôǴˣڵľֿһǵӦǴˣһǿɱɱᣬһҲǴˡ
Ŷһ֣
ŮƺҲǺܺ档
㽫ķһǴˡ
ˮ˵
Ůһ㣬е㲻˼ǲʵΪʲô
꿡ŹҲֻһЩ˲һȤȤ
ˮζ˵رǲ⼸Ů˸оֵֹģܸоˮ⼸ﻰлΪˮ˵Ǽַء


1890 ףǳƶ
˵ʵк֣ܶǰиЦ˵һŮӼҪʸ˳ӰԺķº֮󣬺ӵүү˵һ仰˵ӳͲǰ;ǡ
һЩŮ֮뷿֮гĻûкͥʲôģҲǲЩʦͨŮ˲֪ʲôҲоʲôû
ҲҪˡŮֱһ䡣
ˮһ㶣Ů˻ǰȴЦŴȤҪΪûиܵ˵ĺãԺˣ֪Ůû治С
Ů˲˵ˣˮͦεˣۣȴһǿҵĸоȥָ꣬оܣ۸̡
Ůܺ죬ΪˮĵطϾеΣȻ·е޵Ȼ
нıǮˮ˵ʱٴ룬˵ҲΪ˻֮Σ˵Ļȴ˸Ρ
ҲʲôöŮ̧ͷˮһۡ
ڿ㣬ǼĶǺţŮˡˮʱҲ֪ǹ⻹һָ΢΢ĲǶˡ
ףǳŮ˵ںŮһˮƺ֪Ҳ֪ˮǲǹģһ˲ÿסˣǸоƺܣƺ˵Ǳʶˮõȥ
ͷգǰԼһŮˣ඼еֻѰ˿ϣ¶һˣҲԸǸˣΪо֡
Ȼ֣ܿαضһ١
Ů˺ܸԣǵŮҲǸԵģǺܶʱԼĸоΪԸԼĸоҲʵ
ˮһ죬һεŮŮԼǰˮͷŮ˵С߶Ȳ࣬һŮԽΪ顣
޳˫ȣɢǿҵȻ·ޡ
Ů˸Ͻ˵
Ҷǰˣˮ̧ͷϿǰͦθľĶǣͦǰ죬״ˮңˮܿƵһڿˮ
ˮεʿˮеⰲΧԵرͻأ˫һֱŮ˵ǰһжǱŮ˿
еŻе£ΪǰҪԴ󷢣Ҳûа취ǰûеĸоһԼǰ㻹ôһĽ
ǸӦҪ֡
ˮԼ˸ھѸٵ
ˮûٶ࿴Ů͹ĲλŮ˿ǿˮ˲󣬿˵Ӣеᣬȴֲʧգе죬˾ñŤһʺ
ʵޣᣬȴΪǿ󣬱ԼƺҲѷɫʲôԼȫʢʱڹƱ߲˶٣Լ˲٣İҶˣοŮ˻ûе꣬ˮҲҪ˲١
ˮһĻŮ˵һͨޱȣһɷˮʱ۹۱ǱǹģһҲе죬ΪϽλãǸ·ͨ˵λãǵĴˮֶƺе
ģ
ˮµĽٽŮ˵ǿȣŶĹܣرǸֵŶǿǿҲһ޶ȣһֻ˥ߣʱҲԽԽ
Ůеĺֶҩɽ⣬ֻŮԼˮֻܰ󣬴ųеĶء
˵ܶҽʦֻ֪Ů˵ãʵˮҲܣܰŮ˵ԵڵĶˮҪֻҪʱһʱھͿԣֻҪܰŮ˵ĶųͿԡ
Ů΢΢ı۾ƺܸܵˮЩĻŵĿ⣬ƺܵˮϵĳλˮʵҲڿû̫֣ûпĻرܣ·Ҫ룬ǺĿţһ˵ķӦ
һů綬һĸоŮӣָоŮҧأԼıб仯ԼκΪڲһЩֱĸоһƺʹŵĸо
¶һν벻ϵĲ˵ϸСˮʱŮϵ㼸£ȻҲ㵽еطԼָȥĸоˮ㲻ܰѳԼ


1891 ֮Ѫ֮ͳø
ʱһĹȥϲĽѾһ˿ĺȻ𽥵ıԽԽڣڵķ·Ҫγһȴûʲôζ
Ů˵ɫѾָˣֻǿϵĽ뽥ıڣڶѾγһڵҺΣ֮ǰûʲôζȴһζζԽԽǿҡ
Ůе㲻˼Ͼһǰͷûκεƺûŵζһɫӻежġ
ž
һڵҺε䣬⻬ʯϣһ˿΢ȻͿһʯͷѸٵһʯɢΧ
ţˮû뵽ⶾЧûϢʯͷݻˣִݻ˥
һεžǶ϶ϾŮϲ˲룬ÿһһξǺܶΣʵÿҲβ˼ΣÿһҪܾõʱγɡ
ⲻǰˮѶƵһһͿԣŮ˵ĶѾƲˣֻȾÿһŶҲˮΪʲôظдȸԼ֮˽롣
д߶ÿһΧĶų룬Ȼˮٴ룬ŮٴΣԣξΰɣοҽʦҽʦûԱ֮֡
ŶصųڵĶҲԽԽ٣ˮҲԴ߶ȻƵĽ봦ų
ʱһĹȥ֪ѾٽˣŮֻϵɫûʾĽѾָɫ˵Ѿų
ʣһ룬Ů˵ϣֻһǺɫģôҲ˲ĽѾȫȴˮΨһȴޱȡ
ˮŮ˵ıѧţԪ߶ȣûʲôЧˮüͷԥһŮ˵ؿڵһ£ڸʴξͳˡ
ˮָȥһʱֱӱˡ
ⲻȫĵԣˮǸΣ̧ͷŮҲ
ٶ㲻ֻ֪ε˵Ǹҽߣڳ֮ΣҲҪ룬ʵһˣһСûʲôġ

ŮĸоԼıѾռ˺ܶˡ
仰˵뵽֮ǰ˵Լǹβ֪᲻˵Լǹ
ˮһû˵ԼǹǳüչĿŮˣȷе˵ǿŮ˵Ǹ֮࣬Ҳصģⶾ̫ˣ붼
Ů˵ͷںڵĽ룺ҽʦҲ޷Ҳҵ
ַ
ˮ˵
һ־Ҹ˵õĽⶾߣԽǿԽǿ
ˮռˣȷʵԣˮԣ֪ûϾˮԭ򣬱˹ƻᱻǰѰ֮߶ʲôģҲ
ֻŮ˵Ĳλ⣬ˮŮһˮƺٿβһ
ˮе㷢ëڨڨЦ㲻ôϲ˵һɡ
ˮҲûеŮ˵˵ҵԭʲôԭΪҲ˵ˣҵѪźܺõĽⶾãǹѪģһЩҵѪȻԼǱܣýҲкܴĿܰѶƳ
Ůü΢ˮѪ
ţ
ܲˣ̫ˡ
ŮеĿˮ
ˮһѪҲöģһ仰Ů˾æѡ˺Ѫˡ
ҲöģǵһֺãҾˣǾ͵һְɡ
ˮϵ˵
ˮɫŮæ˵һûȹѪأǾͺѪɡ
ˮЦŰѸ첲ݹȥҧ
Ȱ
ŮһãĿˮӦˮõһһ롭
ôҵѪ󣬼ֵҲΪõɵҩҲѷɫ
ɣ²˿ڡ
ҪҾõһְ취ˣҿµ˿ڡ
ˮû˵꣬첲ֱһۣͿŮץˮĸ첲һҧ£촽ˮĸ첲ӴʳѪʹĸоҲǺʹš
ιιҪҰ˹ˡ
ˮŮ˱۾һҲӲѸ첲°һıݸԻˡ
Ůɿڣ촽ϵôʱɢȻһˮˣ첲ϵ˿ڶûй˵Ͽ˵Ǿ޻Ǿ
Ů˿ˮɫһ죬ûиоѪҺôģȻúȣҲģ֣֪Լ㲻н񱣬źܴĿܣ˵ǵĸ첲ˡ
һλҲȲѣôŻˣѾܾˣΪоԼǿԼҲ
ѵΪˣԼ֮䵽Ҳ˵δƽԼѾǷˣǷܶ࣬Ϊ޼۵ģǳġ
Ӣ۾ﶼǼѻ
ˮ֣û
Ů˲ƽ
ˮܾûʧˣò̾Ů˵ǿһ˿һ²֣һ˿ԻһŮ˿һӢɥʧ־˼ȡΪˣӢڣ
ˮع֮ǰŮ˶ԼҲˣϾ׿һֻˮ̾Ů˵˵磬ŮˣŮͨ硣
ˮûж˵ʲôȥЦЦ㿪ʼΪŮ˽ⶾ
ò˵ˮѪҺǺǿģŮҲܵƺڷһЩ仯Ѫ֮ѸٵںϵȼҳΪѸٵŮ˵֮С
Ů˲˼Ŀˮ֮ǰˮ˵ѪҺֵΪֻǿЦʵ֮ǰˮ˵ѪԽⶾʲôģŮҲţԼԲʱƺеԺľҧ˺һЩѪ
ʱˮͷԼĸ첲жѪһϸܵӡܺÿԼƵ뷨ÿЦá
ŮϵĶѾˣϵҲѸٻָָȫʢʱڵʱûֹͣΧԪٵŮΧۣԵĸܵ
ˮȵ˺󼸲ŴʱŮˣڵһʥĸоȴŮħͷĴƻʥһѺͰ
ƯŮӵѺͰǻɢġ
еԪӿˮ֪Ů˵ʵָͻƣԼѪҺ֮Ůž޴Ӱ죬ǾԵģ֮ǰŮǧȴûҾˮľ֮ѪžԵİԵŮ˵Ľϣһֱ䵽ʱ䡣
ҲŮˣɱûЧɺϣʱɺϵ黹Ǻܶġ
ŮҲı仯ĲţһøԼһβʮ֮õıͻˣһͻ
һƽʱѾɫˣŮûüоȷеʵڱϵͻ֪һεõ˾޴ĻԵ˵ǧѷꡣ
޴ʵƱ֮ǰʤһִӹƣȻ


1892 Ů˵Ĳ²
Сʱ֮ŮƽϵϢȴǺԣڵˮҲܲŮ˵ȷʵ
΢罫½󴵵Ʈʱһķ羰
ˮЦվ߲ԶŮ˵ı仯ûиоʲôףȻ˫ڵȷˮ˻ǿԵģǰŮǴʳĹʦҲԼΪеġ
Һˣôлأ
Ů˻ͷˮʱرĿģõˣǾҲϲôʱ塣
˵޳ⶾˣһҪллĻڻȱѾߡ
ˮЦ˵
˵ɣҾӦһҪֻҪġ
Ůˮһ˵
ˮҡҡͷǮŮƣãǱ󡣡
Ů˿һֱûô͸ˣ֪仰ʲôֻԼʱ㣬֪㣬֣ܿûʲô
ѵ˼ǰָ
Ůһʱ˼תܿ졣
첻ˣס죬֪ɲԣ
Ů˿ˮʵ
ǿԣҪ⡣
ˮ˵
ŮԴҽ
ŮĸоԴҲ뵽
صõʱڳԷϣŮȥϴˣϾ֮ǰŶԼ֮ѪĸıųһЩʣʱܲһˮҪһСׯԺȥϴˡ
ˮ֪ȥϴ裬ŹȥֻǸ룬ֻܻص˴
ϵܣղǲǺŮǰˡ
忴ˮæЦļ˵
ģȻʱеʵҲر
ӣڵı仯ԽԽˣڿԿ϶ǳɧ͵ġ
ˮЦ˵뵽ǰʶʱӵ飬ڼֱˡ
Ҳоɧɧġ
ͨҲЦ˳
ٺ٣ھѾˣɧ
εЦЦ
ˮЦˣʵǰҲоԼɧ͵ġ˵ʮ˾Ÿɧʣһɧ
ˣ㻹˵ϵܣŮ˹ҲֻܼԦˣҿԼ̫Сˡ
˼˵
ˮ壬֪ͨôˣΪԼǸŮ˳ȥһô࣬ˮĻ⣬ʵҲеоԼСⲻС˵˾ǰԱ
ǰһũк֣վһഺĳŮǰû
ˮõһǵ̶ȣѾǰ㣬Ů˻Ǹ˺ǿѹȣһεƻ˵ʡ
˵ʱŮѾˣһ·ɫߵ·ӺݻһڣЩҵ˸ӹˮ˿Ц˵ʲôأôġ
ϵ˵Ư
ǺǵЦ
Ŷ˵ʲô
Ů΢Ц˵
˵׷㡣
Ƥ
ŮȻˮ֮ʶʱܳȴǸое˽ģ˽⣬˲˵ģҲȫȷϾ֮ǰⶾʱοǻĿ⡣
뵽֮ǰⶾʱһЩ龰ԾĿˮĿԹԹԼ֪ĿоԹһҲǺܳԾĿо֮е顣
ͬʱоĵϵܣӺˣˮȴرΪľӵеŮˣ֪ΪʲôЩŮϲ
ñԼҲ˧Ϊߵ㣬ҽߵ㣬ոߵ㡭
ˮӿŮ˿ҡҡͷһȥԷɣ͵Ϊף
Ƴϣ֣ųһ𣬼˶ڣһһҲڡ
ˮԷʱпŮһ˿ȻһֺܸӵλһˮܾȣŮ˴ﵽʵʲô硣
ôˣ¡
ˮһһҶ豧㣬ʱʱˣ⼸ŮܲȻûʲôҲСе㲻ˬ
Ůԥһ²˵֪Щòý
˵ɣ˵˵ɣǿ԰㣬㶼ҸģΪٰһΡ
ˮ߳Ա˵
֮ǰ˵е嶾ɹĺţͻȻǿҵԤлһЩƲ⣬и˺һɣҸҶ϶һ
Ůϵɫӵˡ
˭
ˮҲǺܺ档
ʳĴʦ
Ů˿ˮ˵
ˮ⣬ʳĴʦһ֮֮ϵĴڣŮȻҲǴʳĹʦǴʳвٹʦʦеͷߡ
ȻͷߣʵȻһʦǿΪʲôҪ¶أǾǲɱҪ


1893 û·
ʦʲôʵΣ
ˮһŮʵ
ˮŮˣһ̶ҲǵʦȻⶾǴʦµĻˮҲ뱻һ¶ֵϣȻ¶ߵ˺һһöֵľΣˡ
ʦ˿壬֪ʵаʵ֮ǰҪǿϲ٣ڵҲ֣Ϊʲô¶ֻ֪ŮˣûдӦ֪ûйϵ
Ů˵
ˮŹֵĿŮˣҲ֣ѵԭöŮ˹ԹԾͷ
ӲϹǸãѵʦϲַʽûаգϾЩģ
ⶾŮ˵˥ϣ˥ϣЩŮ˲ȴԼѸ˥ϣĪҲֶαŮˡ
嶾ɹɹʳô֯ģǸǿ֮ǰŮ˵ԼʳĹʦֻɺϣֻΪһ˵ɹʹʳӦûʲôʳ֪֪Ůɹ˹ƶ⡣
ʦ֪ɹˡ
Ů˽˵һ䡣
Ȼ֪Ů˵ݻôǾǱˣѵ嶾ɹɹǶģ룬Ҳ˳
ûʲôԹҪ˵Ҳ̸ϣ嶾ɹһаȻΪöɾֱӹΪа󲿷ö֮˶
ö֮˾ǿʼԺܺãʱͻöкܶ඼ܹãԾö֮ľͻϰԵαװ͵Ϯ֡
ҲΪʲô󲿷öˣǾö˶嵽ԭ
ʳֻдʦһ嶾ɹ𣿡
ǺӦҲǿһУҵ뿪ˣȻǴѡ
Ůվǵ˵
ˣԷ֪֪ˣǰٷɣ취ѵᱻ
ˮһôһ䡣
̲סٺֱЦŮǵͷû
Ůͨһʱ֪˵ʲôãֻˣʦ֪ҪֵĻ˶Ҫꡣ
ŮĲɵĳһٷʵҲе㵣ģϾһѾǿˣٺŮ˻ǲ˺ܶ࣬Ů˶ϲĴʦö֣ĲŹ֡
ˮƽֻͣҪھжҲ£οбٶʲôģֻǺܾûùˣˮóָˣǺܶġ
ﻹС
Ůˮǰ˲٣ҽûôãˮǸǻˣϾڵĵҩƷʱǰҪǿܶࡣ
ʲô㣬ʳ㻹ȥ𣿡
Թ֮ˮȥõһׯԺ
Ů˱ѾסˣѾˣʦֵĻԼҲֵܵһ¡
ɱңԲһȥӲҪ뿪Ʋɹ֪ɹ¶
Ů˵
ô˵Ҳ˼ɹɹĵλҲ͡
ˮӻõһЩϢ
嶾ɹɹìܣ嶾ɹҲŹɹӦû㲻
Ů˷Ƶ˵
˵ɱô
ˮʵ
ʦڴʳٹ̣ڴʳ꣬ߵǿ߻ܺϵǿߺܶ࣬ɱƺ鷳ĲףʵֻҪʧû˿Ҳû¡
Ů˾ȵĿˮǻش
Ů˵ɱʦǲܵġ
һȫʧǺ׵ġ
ˮ֪½ĸ֪һˣӦһֶ˵Ѿˣһ־ûϣʧˡ
һ˵ʧֿܣһǾ룬ﵽһʵӰͻܲһ˵֮ڣоǽһ˵뿪ٽ𣬲˵ֶβߵĻ
Ů룺Ǵ򲻹
ɱ˲һҪùֲǱʵȼ
ˮЦ˵
ǣкܱǸҲ֪ôӦҲǣҲǡ
ʱ鷳ܵĺҲûԼ֮أοʱҲܲˣǰĽǰж˵ڽѣʱϴ֣ٹʽеǷǷǶУ˶˲ֻ˲˳
ˮȻûиоɽˮһҲܵһΣŮ˻ǿ󣬶һһˣҪҪúüƻһ
ˮǿľŮˣԼһЩɱУ⻹󷨣ս⻷
˵ûһս֮ƺܾûкúһսˡ


1894 ʦ
ˮڣҲûô֡ˮЦ˵Ǻɵġ
֪ѾׯԺſڣˣСׯԺŹʯ֮ģȻǾ˴ɨǺܸɾģοŮʵռʲôС
ˮ֣첻ˣҲϢɣ
ŮСׯԺſͣˮЦ
ˮͷ΢ЦݣȻûȾָ˵ĳ嶯ǺǿҵģʵıܿЧİ취ȻںӱвʪЬġ
˵׷ŮɽŮ׷иɴһƣʵܶʱŮ׷УֻҪŮĵĺۣ˾ͻһЩٶŮ˲ô˳Ȼķʲô
ǲ°ˮоҪ֤ʵʲôоȷʵ׳嶯ӾǿҴ󲿷ɫǰûʲôǸʱ򲻼ƺٶ£ʲôԲҪҪô˵ĵҲ
ҲϢɣ
ˮ˵ת뿪ˡ
Ů˿ˮԶȥӰֱʧŮ˶ûжվее壬֪ΪʲôҲ֪ôˣʲô
һĸоǸое㲻ڣ֪ȫΪʦ飬ʦֻеһоҪˮһʱһҡ
˵ϲϲĸоű˵ĻжɫɣȴǿĿƣԼܹأǸˣΪе
ԼǰǰЩ֮ӣȻһţ㣬ܸоһαװƺԼǰֵĸ
첻֪Խ䵽³ˣĲϲԼƺҲǣϾ֮ǰζԼʧҲǡ
Լ屻ˣȻҽʱģ·ͨ룬ֻǵһϸ΢ĴʲôԼ֪һʱʱԼǡ
˾ˣҲʲôΪߣսʱÿζڷһȭ㲻㣬Ѫˣ֪ʱŮںԼںԼףŮ˿Цš
ʵǿӦǿһֱǺսɱ壬Ҳ˹УˮǵһҲΪʲôеҵĸо
ûиоԼռ˶ˣ뵽ҲеССĿɶֻĺ㣬ҲģԼܲܶ𱨶ְɣοҲûҪ֡
ҡҡͷŮתСԺȥ׿еôʦɡ

ЩҲܲģŮ˶ûлعʦһˡ
ԣһˣһˣһΰˣ۵һͷ쳣ںڵĳ˸оӲ֣һ˸о廹аĴڡ
һ˫ɣ˫ۣŨܵòִֺ֣˿һξͻԶסڣһĶ룬˵϶ôӢԲһ˸оǿˡ
ʦ
̤նվõϿˮŮ˵˵ķ˵
վڿеȻʲô·Ҳϰ©ˡ
ʦҺ£
Ůǰ̧ͷſе˵
Ů˵ĻʦǺڴֵüë˶ʳ鷱࣬
ȻǸɣһǴʦˣǲĵطҪʦǲģŮ֪ԼĲ²Ӧˡ
ҲҪʹʦ
Ů΢Ц˵
ʦŮ˵ЦҲŶݵʧˮ֪ǿȻ֡
Ҳмˣǰ񻰹˶֣οˡ
ãǻȥɣ
ʦϵɫƺиһЩ
ʦ˸оһˣǲЦġ
Դʦ˵׵ġ
Ů΢΢ҡҡͷ
˵
ԥһ´ʦ³֡
ϣ鲻ҪǣˣҲҪǣǡ
Ů˵ָָˮˡ
ʦüͷ۾ˮһ˿ȻôԣʶĻԿԸܵ
ˮһֱעˣȻˣߵŮߣɵŮˣ֪ҺãΪļһ֣ղѵûпô׺ݡ
ˮѾܰˣΪˮ˾ȻɫĴһΧŮˣˮܰˣһҪȻԼ뿪ġ
ˮĻֱɫѿޱȿŮˣϲСӣ
Ůһ֪黵ˣˮһʱҲ֪ô˵תˣʦɹȥʦһְ


1895 һ
Ů˲ûлشʦ⣬˵ҪɹҲ֪ɹѹƶԷʦԼɹˣֻǲ֪ܲܽԷס
ˮоѣԷȻѾ֪ɹˣöĻȻᱻסʦ嶾ɹĵλҲ͡
ʦŮ˵Ļüͷʦһְ뵱͵뵱Ͳģһȥɣ
ʦûдӦ֮ǰأ֪ʦ𲻴Ӧ
Ů˵֮ǰôʦҪǣ浽ϡ
ʲôֲָ㣬˵һ飬زȥ
ʦƽȻǿҵŭܵ˾޴ƣԼĻһٵıӣǲ̵ġ
Ů˵ɫȥǣ֪ԼߣҲõԥʱˮȴվõĿˣʲôȥ˵뿪ﲻӭ㡣
˵֮ǰŮ˵̬ôʦߣôˮĻôʦﵽ˱ĳ̶ȣѾﵽٽ㣬ˮĻѹյһݡ
СӣѾܾˣ֪
ʦ̣˵ʱ춼ûţ˵ˮ˹ȥһĲӰһֻ޴ĲӬһ㣬ˮȥ
ѽϢ۷ˮҲ˲˻ƽսꪣӰѸٵӦȥڲˣϾ涼ˡ
ˮڵʵҲǺǿģٰʮǿֲϾ׺͵޵ңֱˮķﵽǧ£Ȼе㲨Ҳǧˡ
ˮ˷Լķģǲ¶
Ķצ
ʦһֱֻӱīǴǿҵ֮µζˮĿץһץˮʮ־һȫµĸ߶ȣһץƮȴסԼ޿ɱܣһĹȻ๥ֻͬҪͲܶܣοֹֻҪǶ
һȻҪˮأˮȻ֪Է¶ֱ֣Ǹое㲻˼顣
ȻԷҪԼԼҲûбҪԶԷʴˡ
ʥ֣֮
һ
һνˮֱʹԼǿһҪڵһγֽԷסöԷ˼ɣԽԷеҲ
ǿƣˮƼ͸ɢ΢΢ĴΣѸٵ˴ʦĺɫϡ
ԣ
Ҫ
ŮֹˮϧѾˡ
޴ˮӰ˻ΣʦȴǱˮ˳ȥɫƺһˣȻʦһˣˮȴǺܳء
ĴǧĹֻöԷܵһ˺˺˵ԼɥʧսöԷսܵӰ졣
ˮ£Էʵǰᳬһǧ߰ˮ΢ŵĵľǶԷʵҲǺ˺Լ̵ĶǲĵģǺܵġ
ʶеͼٵתиѪصĿйԽƺҲڴѾܾûʹùˣˮɱﵾС䲻ܶȥ˺١
ˮʦǾ޴ģ޴е㲻֪ԣоɱԷһȴûдɣ⻹㣬Էû£Լһˡ
ôܡ
ŶԼʵʲôʱôˣʦһʱ飬ǲ
ˮһ֮ûٶ֣ȴȫĵıϾٶ־ҪȫԸˣ֮ǰһܽԷסô̾ͲôˣϾɱҲܴЧ
ʦǻعˮһֱûжо֮ǰǴ׼ԣʲôԼܵõԼʵǲǻǿ
ʦܿ͸ԼһɣһǿıȻʵǿ˵ֹ̰ģҲǿһľٶġ
ʦ̧ͷˮɳƽˣһʱǿҵĶ⣬ôȴ˺ܶܶһŬƤܴﵽĸ߶ȡ
һδʦûκأֻһغϣʦͷˮƺ˺ܶ࣬Ӧ˵޷֮ǰȣһֱӽˮɳȥ
һٴôʦһ㶣ôԶƺûʲô˺ʱʦƺеˣһʱֻܷһĹ뵽ﲻɵĴЦ

ЦΧʮྪɡ
Цʲôˮ֮ǰѾʮΣûܵ˺֪ԷʲôɱﵣԷɱ̫ԼǻΣյģԼ׻ǿԵֵһΣ˵ŵľԼǿĿ
Ц֮ǰȻ㱻ƭȥҲɱĶҿԿǷŹһΣ㿴Σ


1896 涾Ҳ
ʦˮ΢Ц˵ֻЦݺ䣬Ҳٴ۷壬ƺˮֻҪһӦͻٴγ֡
ˮҲû뵽ʦ뷨Ȼ⣬ԼȷʵЩĶϧѧģвԼûһܰԼΡ
ϻе㶫ֻǲ֪ûбߡ
ˮսеĻƽսꪡ
ãԣ
ʦ˵һȦɫħһĶ𣬽ƣ˿֮ǰʦˮѾöˣˮû£ôʦ֪Էǿıܶ
ԷΪԼĶ㹻ǿ󣬲ǶԷʲôܶߵҩǿĶ޿ײģҩɾȵġ
ǧ֣
ʦɫƷŰ죬ϸлҰףɢ̹⣬ʱԿܶɫǿҵζζ֮˷θζñӾͿԸоǴë״ģǱסҲûá
ˮٴע⵽ʦʱ򣬷Χƺֱڻһһ΢˿˿
ˮ˿⣬ȻԼܱܶԼ˵ǰٶ֣ǾԵıֻܶҪԿƶԷ߶ԷĶ㹻ǿԼǻжġ
ܵԷƣԱԼʵǿܶĴڣˮҲѺˣ׼ֵʱŮȴֱվˮǰ
㲻֣ܶ
Ů˼ᶨĿŴʦϵҲ۷塣
ãҪҶ֣
ʦ׼϶ֵģŮƺҪԼַͣ
ҪǶ֣Ҳֹ㡣
Ů˺ܸɴ˵
һֱûжǿƣŮˣôô͹Сˣ֪ûйϣ
ʦȻЦ˭ܸܵŭ
ҹ˭йϵ𣿡
Ů˲õĿŴʦо
ôʦɫ˫۾΢΢죬ʹĿŮˣҸıˣһĸԸŮˣھҲҪΪҵŮˡ
ΪܵóѣõҲֻһˡ
Ů˵
㲻֪ʵܶʱµģˣҲͻһˣҲҵģһҹҹһ𡣡
ʦ̵ĿŮˡ
Ůһɫ΢ףǱ£ʵһ취ԼķǣֻʱɵԼǸʱһݳޡ
һˣ˲˹ģ˼ôа񣬾ͻŻСŮ㻹ʲô
ˮʱмĳ
СһҾ֪ʲôܣǶŮ˰ɣٺ١
ʦ˵Ŀ⿴ˮļŮ
ʦҲǾȣС߾Ȼôˣÿһȶʦѷɫ˭Ưѣ˿ƺ쳾Զ˷ڵһλǮãǰҲˣǰǮ˲ŮˣǮֻһŮ˵ŮĿģǮһĿġ
ˮûʲô仰һġ

ʦˮŭȴǿĵЦˣЦЦһ
ŮȴǹŹֵĿˮϵıҲǷḻ֮ˮ˵ʦŻСŮʲôԼ˵СŮ
ǸС椣ǽֳ㿴ô
ˮͷЩĲɵŮ˵
Ůѩ׵ͷʹˮһۣܴ𣿡
ô֪ٺ٣ұ֤ҲѲƤһģöҲᡣ
ˮЦ˵
ܾûöˣһֱоϲ̨ģǺڰģöˣᶾˣᶾԼģԲ򲻵ǲöģö֣ˮȻûôĹ˼ˡ
ˮȻôûùȴһֱо綾֮ʲôҲռɾĶеĶܶ࣬棬ԲǿҲľǾ綾֮
ˮûҲЩҺʲôģȻ䶾С۱Ⱦ壬öԵõȻǽѶѹ
㣬ҲǾ綾֮Ҫϻһ£ҲԲ˶ߣҲֵԷĹ÷ʲôġ
ˮظһѶذ
ֶذˮӶӲĹͷģǶӲһιͷˮҲŪʮѣʣһĹͷڶС
ⶾذó֮ǰҲһֱڶҺнݡ
ذİǼӽջˮǿĶ¶ģԿǿҵĶԡ
Ůԥ˽ӹذѩжΨһ˸оľذƺ̫ˣơ
ذײŮסܸо
ˮģ˵ƷѾαˣȻ
α񼶣վһ֮ȴǸ˵ΣˮĻƽսֻڵֻǸ߼α񼶣Ƿ·ģرǸ߼


1897 ǿƿ
ͼŮѾùܶԶԶĹˮûüŮͨʵǼŮҲʦһ֮С
ˮҲû뿪Ϊ֪ԼˣŮҲѣһսֻܰʤȻҲûüŮ뿪ˡ
߻иŮʦŮ˵ʵʵսԼһĻԼĹŮˣˮǿԼĿƿس
ˮҪľǼǿŮ˵ʵԷʵֱʽתûпܣŮ˵ʵʦǲ磬ˮԼʵ
ûɱѾû·ˣ֪û¾ɱ
ˮŮ˵ûп
ɱȻԥɱֻǸʵ𣿡
֮ǰʦĻŮȻߣɱ˲ŽޣֻɱѣûţΪ֪ʦĿ£Լʵ֮ĲŲСġ
ֻҪɱǾϣ
Ů˵ʵˮǿԸܳһţӦʵǺǿˣ֮ǰûôǿ֮ǰҲжˣűڵͲ٣ǵͲһҲࡣ
ˮľ֮ѪɹųʵͻƣͻƵǾ磬ʵȻһʵȲʲôҪ֪
Ů˵ϲļأϾļǲһģοؾҲʵ
ѾˮĽİ
ĴʦȴǸǿʵһǧ߰Ůǧһ㣬οһǧǸؿڣ֪˶ﱻֹ
˵ŴʦҲݾ֮ʵѾǾԿֲˣصʵصʵҪͻһǧҪͻǧ
ˮ񽫽İĹʵ㣬Ϊƻһ㹥ʵɱˮȻҪߡ
ˮأŮأٶʵӦǲཫ߰ʹʦزһǧʵ
ҲΪʲôŮ֮ǰϾ̫ˡ
ⲻŲŵ⣬ھǿʵǰ˭ҲƵͶ·ʱ۵ҲҪһµġ
ˮ֮ô󵨣ҲäĿţʵͶԷĺܶ࣬ˮȴŲǧĿˮıǮĹ˺ԷԷʵӦҲ˺Լġ
ǶԷǿƻɱﵣˮһ׵ĵֵˮûʹãһʹãֱöԷʵһأԼʵ
ʱˣ׼˵ĻҪˡ
ʦϲʱԷɫڴʦԷɫģƴı֡
û׼أٵȵȡ
ˮЦ˵
ս⻷
óһϣȻģȻӵĲ࣬ʤޡ

õģ̫ʵϸֺܶ࣬һҲˮĿǰоʵģΪҪ˶ᣬֻҪһ˻ͿԣɵжжʵǼܵ˺̫ĻжһģҲġ
󻹿ԵֿǿĶԣ󷨿
Ů˺ˮʵŶ˽ɣǲһʵŮ˵ʵֱӴﵽ˽ǧأǧǸؿڣŮ˵ʵھŰʮ
ǽֱ߰ӲཫǧȻʹʦһǧ߰ʵž޴Ĳܱ֮࣬ǰ˲٣ȵĿˡ
֮ǰս˲ûΪ˵ʵҲǽ֮ǰʵԼʱʵǲͬһΡ
ţе˼Ȼôǿĸ
ʦҲǾȵ˵Ҳ֮ܵı仯
ǿ󣬾ǰĴʦһʵֱӴﵽǧ
ˮĻЦе죬Ȼֱ̧־һ֮
ʦɫ˲һ£ΪʵѾһǧİˡ
ʦ֮ǰѾ֪ޱȵĹ죬ƺڿϸǿޱȣڵʵóɱҲһԷοٱôࡣ
ܵˣ뾡ˣȻпܻ¡
׷
һɳصĸо˫ȣɵٶȣ֮ǰĻ֮ʦٶȱһʼһ룬һٶȰǻһ˵жʧġ
ˮѾܾûʹЩˣǰĵ˶ɶԸһȴǺܼ֣ûʲôˣʱжҪöʵ
֣
ˮһͷŴʦȥֱȻ

֣


1898 ӡ
ڰԵԵɱ֣ûʲôƣҲˮ֮ΪһļʽĿ󱬣ֵĲɶܡ
Ȼ˵ǲɶ㣬ˮ֪ûоԵ飬Ȼһֱʹֶûбܹ֪ûжΪԷʵǿ㹻ǿĻǿԶܵġ
ž
ˮܿģΪʦûжֱܵӱˮס󱬵ûг֣ʵһԵģкСĿܣ˫ʵ󱬵Ŀԣ缦ʯͷߵ󱬿Ȼһ
ʦʵûдлعˮţһٶ·һоϷ·һɽͨ˱һһ
ˮĹʱٴαһ̫ˣеܣԷʵҪԼһ֮࣬οʵۼ㣬Լһǧ߰ʵ´°˰һǧģⲻһһڶô򵥵ġ
ܵȷʵʵʵķˣԼҾȻе㵨ԼԷľ޴צӡţȻֱӽˮצӡ
ʱŮҲվˮߣˮĶذҲеӦˣҲΪʲôҺʹʦһսĿԽʦᵽ
ŮˣҸ㵱ܣܻҪˡ
ˮ

Ůķ
ˮһûлͷˮˣ˵Ȼرķʽֲ񣬲ˮͷʹʱŮ˵ɫĻᶼûС
ʲôˣһ˿Ǵ򲻹ġ
ˮû˵ʱʦˮ֣гһ˫һ״ȫһĵ״СͬɫҲͬ
ֵһ߳ĵīɫдһѪѪһĹ֣ˮ֪ⲻǷѪõģΪɢϢΣա
ֵһѾų߳Ĵ󵶣ϸܵСݣСϷɫĹΣֹֺһ͸ʦ˫رͰһɭѹȡ
һδʦʲôҲû˵ֱеĴǰѸתһϸһȻһˮŮ˦ȥ
ȳмʹ޼᲻ݵϬ˵ɫеĶԣˮ¶ҲȥԣԴǺģ˵ˮҲ֪Լǿ˻кܶģԼҲǲż
Ź
Ź
ˮ㿪ִŮˣʱҲ˲ʲôŮܲˣ˵ߺܶʱǲôܻģȻɴڸ¥廨ˡ
Ů˵ˮסӰת֪ŹеˮٶȺһѣϾٶ̫ˣ̫ˡ
ʦûһͽˮɱֻڿˮԼڶŮ˾һ
۹
˫һѱø̣ʯ˵̣˵еĹɫ̵Ŀ£һֱð˹𣬲̶ı任ɫһȦڵɫ·ճĿնµ
ȥ
һƬһǻˮŮȥգµ
ˮɫˣֻ㲻Ҳ֪ģֹˮҲܱȼǿ߱մҲûа취һʱҪǿȻҪ
ˮֻ𣬶ڻĵֿʽǿģʵ⣬Ȼа취ʱ򲻻ȥԼӴ

ˮǿһ־һƬˮĻǿƻˮеĻУǱԱµƻ籬һһ̶ֵķΧڶһȡľ硣
ȡ
·ĻһˮߵŮˣ뿴ǲʲô취
ֻٶȲˮûа취ٴζȻٴȻ
ӡ
һѩ׵ĹӭĹʵãԷûԼǿ칥Ƶġ
ˮҪӡʹóֱӽеĹסƺеĹɫıˣ֮ϳһ޴ӡ̨
ӡ̨
ӡ̨ôСˣھԱһСɽȻˮһֱûãһֱֵĹоˮһֱ֪ΪİԵͻ֮еıȡ
ӡصľ硣
ƺЩֹһٶȻޱȣһˮûþɽͻȻ޳ӡ
ӡԵľǹ֮ٶȼӦήͣصӡȻùﾲֹٶȷʵԵĿֲģҲˮΪʲôоӡԵȵֹܾʱԼ⣿
Щˮûж룬Ϊȫֹ֪ҪأܲȫֹҲ֪ܼٶѾܿˣֶķˮ˷뿴ӡ
ң
ˮһӡ̽Ȼһѹ
䣡
޴ıֱըˣһ˲ĲѤ·ҹյꡣ


1899 չѪ
ˮһγԵĳɷ־Ӷ࣬ӡʵǶôٲ֪ܶǰЩʲôãѾʱ׼˾ɽһֵסͻʹþɽ
˵ɽغһֱûͻƣǶͻҲ˺ܾõʱ䣬ôͻؿڣҲͻƵأ
ɽľǺˮʵҹģֻˮĲʵҹʵˮȫʵңؾѾֲܿˣˮе㲻⡣
ˮڽİʵɽѾﵽֲĽһǧһǧһʮֹˣɽϴĶܻ˵ǱǰĴʦֵסɽĶܻ
˾Ǳ˵Ľ
ҲˮһСɱﵣӲԵܣʶٿصľɽʵϵԳϵʵ
ҲˮҺʹʦԿĽԷһСĵơ
ֻˮϧÿһεʵս飬ȹڵʵı¶ԼһЩݾߣɽʵ˴ʦ˺ԷҪһϾԷʵɽܻĳɷҪǻĿ꣬˺ֻȻԷⷢɽȥǲش˺Ͳ˵ˣԷƿʲôˡ
ӡЩֱӺʧˮҲһ󳩿죬ӡǺܰԵġ
ˮƻĹһεĴʦƺû̫ľȣе˫һֱӳˮҪ벫ˡ
ȣ
ʦһ̴ٵĽƶ̴٣ʦƾհθ߰ףˮ£ֱӸ߳һأֹ߸һأҪΣһ֮ǰҲ˰ף˰ףںڣһڽһ
չ
ԭǽչˮʶгһЩչһЩϹʲôģЩǻƽս񴫸ģЩˮһһȴӡˮ
ˮڶлԼõеĻƽս񣬸Լʵ̫ˣرʱЩϢ̫Ҫˣչóʲô
ƽս񴫳ߣҪս˶ϰɣ
ͷƵһڼһȫںī
ˮеϢ֪һﲻһգ¼ӲޱȣһǶĶ⣬Բϵͷų綾ҽչٶҲǰԵ͡
ŮǵĻ۾ҲһҲû˵ʲôֻǺĿˮֿĺڽա
ս񴫳кħԼȴеҲ֪ԶʱսͺħǶһֱڲϵսսдȥΪܶħǲ˵ģһһǵɱսʹƺֹԷţ֪ˣʹɴڣõս񴫳еÿһ˶̳ʹ
ǲ˶Ҳ˶ϡ
ˮЦ˵
СӲҪʿ֮
ǲǿ֮һ֪ˡ
ˮɢǿҵս⡣
Ȼ˾֪֮Ĳࡣ
ʦƵ˵꣬ǺڽһȴֱӵȥûκУȴǸоޱȵİԵе˫ֱӴ罫ˮŮ档
ʱˮĸܵʦʵ˲ãص˲ǰʵˮ治Լûʦʵش٣ԽǧǱȻġ
ʱĴʦٶҲܿ죬ǱһٶȣˮϵѾ۷壬еĻƽսԹʽ
ԣ
ƱѵˮоԼصֱײɣײɵʱˮ˳ִһŮˡ
ȻԵ
ȻˮײɣǿĿĳһ类һëëײһͷûʲô˺ǲò϶Է͡
ʦһչе˫һһĲӰ
ˮû뵽ʦٶȣһʱֻжмܣͬʱҪչŮˣϾҪڽչƻҪŮ˳֣һʹˣûдЧԾɽʹóҲֻܱ
ˮǺܵģоԼڲ֮ء
ŮˮĶذˮŲͣĶ߱ײɣʦ̫ˣǿһںӣŮ˸оԼеĶذǲƿԷӡ
Ʋ෽ӣⶾذҲûˡ
Ѫ٣
ˮץסᣬֱһѪٶ˳ȥˮҲǴöģˮ֪ƿչӣʲôҲûá
һʱĴĽչˮѪٲסˡ
ˮͷһϲҪ֪ڵѪٿ൱ֲģǴѪɥĵ̽Ĳס˴ʦס

ʦҰһĺУƺѪ٣Ҫ֪ѪٵĲǱڵĴʦѷɫ֮ǰˮްæԼʵսѪ٣ȴû뵽֮ǰһɺϣߴǵĴȻѪٳɹˡ
ⲻò˵Ǹ⡣
ˣġ
ˮŵ˵
ǿɲһ
û뵽ʱʦȻͻȻðһ仰ʱǵȴͻȻʧѪС


1900 ػɽ
ʦʧ˲ˮɫһ䣬ŮѸٵŮ뿪˲һѾ޴쵶ʵķ飬ˮûԼǲܳסоŮǳܲסġ
ƺʦ֪ˮ㣬Ӱģ˿壬ƹ֮һĸˮϵĽռ䶼ʵķ飬µĺɫС
ˮ֪ôʦӰͻȻô죬һܴѪĪĴѪгˮǲ⣬ûʱȥ⡣
Ȼ룬Ҳܲ³ţпܵľʦбôʦѪгĿֲٶȣʵҲ˲١
书Ψ첻ƣھٶǰʲôֽϻǰȸ԰ѷɻĸײ˵Ƿɻײȸٶȹ԰ʯͷײ飬ȻҲ顣
ˮ״̬һʱģиãȻҲˮ²⣬ô꣬Ҳһǿߣֲ²Ҳиݵġ
ʦȷʵļ٣˻ԼȻʹ˷ػ֮Ȼǲܸ˵ٶȣԼ֮ǰٶûбʹػĻһ׷϶Է
ˮĲ²ǶԵģػһ׹ǲ֪ǿһٶȣػ֮Ŀ߾Ե˲֮ǰġٶԭĻٴһʱӣÿֻʹһΡ
ӻǰСʱʱ䣬ˣֹʱԹˣϧˮ֪Ѿȥ˰ӵʱˣȻûԷ½ǡ
ܺޣ˾Ȼһֱܣ棬ƺ֪Լ״̬ʱ޶һԼȻһʱûа취ػʱһôԼʤͻۿۡ
һսȻӣΪʲôԷٶȿô죬ҪĹȣ޿׽һ׷ϵĸо
ˮҲҴ⣬ԷѾ˻һóöļһһС˵ǲģ֮ǰѪˮΪսˣû뵽ڱԷ׷Ǳ
þŹĪڵĴʦҲκβԷʵǿһЩŹûôˡ
ŹҲ˺ܴãľŹȻûн̫࣬ϾʵҲõģŹȴǱǰǿ˺ܶ࣬ҲöԷٶܵƣоھŹҲˡ
Ȼˮά־ŹҲ˲٣ˮ˵ʲôϾʶеͼʱ̶ڻָԪԼһȴ֮Ĳˡ
һ֮󣬴ʦͣŰ֮ˮ˶㻹ʲô£
û˵б£һûбµ˶׷ˡˮǺЦ
Ǹ˵Ļ浶ǹĴһ𣿡ʦ˼
ǲҲ˵㣬֪ǸôʹǲǾһкǧˮ˶Էһ۲м˵
ˮĿں˵Ϊˣ˵˾Ӵҩ࣬һֲµĻ϶Ů֮ϲʱĻǰʱҲʮġ
ʦ涾ģȻҽҩһҲܾͨԼȴǽˣҽҽɣ
㡭˵
ʦȻϡ
ŮɫҲе죬ֵĵһۣʲôҲ˵˻˵Щ
˭ҽʦ׼ҲÿˣҲûʲô˼ģκʱѹأٶٲǾɫҲֻܿ
ˮ˵
ˮһʱ䣬ϸԷѹһҪģǲͶԷͽġ
δɣһɺԣҶԼ˽ĺܣ֪ʲôëûͻԲѣɣ
ʦƺǰ˽ĺ͸ԼҲˮҽΣ˵ҲˮΡ
ʦҲ֪ȥûκκôԳ÷ػԸ
Լ֪һʱܵ˾޴Ĵ
һˮûж㣬ֱг˾ɽ
ȥ
޴ľɽȻӭŴʦȥɽѾǧǿĶܻǱɽǿҲܿ⣬Ȼɽ̫ĻǶܻҲеġ
ʦڵȻõʱҲᳬǧˮĺʦ¡
ԣ
޴ɽֹˣˮĵЦţΪʦײĺʮףȻûˣȴͻƲ˾ɽ
Ȼˮһ䣬ʶžɽֱӳ˴ʦսƽսꪣھɽɳȥʱȻھɽϣ÷ȥľɽٴӲ١


1901 
䣡
ɽЮ֮ƲϵŵǺȥɽٶȱˮֲΪˮԴʦ㶼޷㡣
һʼˮõСɽ֪֮ⶫҲСرǽɽľ֮û˵ҪǺӵߵʵš
ɽˮѰĹйϵˮǿĹϵôһֱӿ԰ѴʦˣڴʦҲƵѪ
ٶȾ水ɽһǧͷʦٶȼĶܻԾɽռϷ硣
ʦҲڵȻᣬжϵˮݾɽʱԲܳԼķػһӶһʱ䣬ԷôƵʲǸӦúܿͻ˥
ֻϤˮĻͻ뷨ˮͣЪĺȥҲǶ̶̵Ӿܰ˥ߵġ
ˮԽԽо죬žɽϵĳʱǴھɽӾɽʱֱӹʦ
ʦҲǽһˮǿĻĵӣûƽսҲǿտޱȣÿһγϡ綾һ
գ§˫۾һ㣬ˮĹԱƵöԷء

˰֮󣬴ʦˮƺû˼ƣ֪ȥˣԷӵĴɽޱȣȥˡ
ڴʦѾʼǰɣҵһᣬʦгԼޡ
һĺһֻ޴ĺɫޡ

ī޴ĺ쳤һǧϣʮ״ֵӣźĺɫƬÿһ˴СһϢ˲Χ

ˮһֹסӣǰĴһ
ڴ½ǿֲǿĴڣȻǰȻһЩԼҲһƽҲİ
ҲŵȣֻҪѪͳе֮Ѫĳ̶ȣЪαһЩһЩޣֻôһ֮Ѫ֮ѪԽͻԽǿ츳ɳҲԽߡ
ȻǶжߣһʮһܳΪȻñĶֻʵ
߲ʵҪѪͳ֮ѪŨȣ˵ûǿ֮ѪҲǺѴﵽߵʵߺѪͳǷֲġ
һֻĶʵ٣ˮ֪ܲҪĻһֻУҲǰĴڣĶ
ˮһֱоԼٶֵҲǸоܲסⶾĶ
ˮоѾעĽ֣ٴγδ֪ƺҲ֣Ͼﵽʦ̶ֳȵǿߣûоֳƷ˵ȥֻƺ̫ˡ

ٴηһǿĺȻþ޴βֱӳɽ
ԣ
ɽѵֱӱɵľɽˮһ̫ǿˣˮַˮ֪ԼʲôֵܵⶾĹ
ˮȷԼǲǿԣǰĹӦû⣬иǿľԼܲܳסԷоˮҲУ׿ȫֵһĹ
Ů˵ɫеףǾްԵĶϾޱȡ
Ů˵гˣȻⶾĲҲǺܴ󣬵Ѿûа취ӵĿˮԼΪԼ
ڲǺΣߵˣʱֻüƺŶԲߡ
Բ𣬶Ϊң֪һԲǲģѾûʲôˣ֪˵ʲôҲġ
Ů˵гǸ⡣
ˮŮ˵֮תͷŮˣô׼ͷҵŮ˺ӣҶ˺ǡ
ˮɢ͵ϢϢ·ʵʣ˲Ծľͻŷĸо
Ů˺ˮɲƣ漣ǲܸıġ
ˣĪΪܶùһֻ
ʦЦ⣬ҹһ㡣
Ҳδأ
ˮɹŵ΢Ц
Сӣ˵ʵҺ˲ֻ̬࣬ǵ֮ľţӢţ㵹ùͶ̥ͨ˰ɣŮҲǱЩϾġ
ʦںƽֵͣ¶ţ֮ǰһֱƣھɱҲҪڶԷǰ˵һĸоǺˬġ
ָоˮ֪ģŮ֮£Ů˻˵һЩ¶ǵĻҲԸŮ˵һЩһ̼˵Էͣ˵Լ˵һЩرĴΣֱ˵Ķʲôģϵĳ
ʦʱ˵Щʵ֮ͬģԱ˵һ˵ȻôԳĵϲú͵⡣


1902 ؾɽת
ܿ
ˮʦĻ΢Ц˵
ŮҲǺĿˮɻƽˣ治֪ڻʲôƽ
ϷһսʿһԷķԼĹߣԼ򲻶ԷԷһԿԼѪû档
ûʱҲû棬ﻹһЩĶӡϵģԷǿûҲϣѣҲҪһĳɷ֡
ھ֪˭
ʦм˵
ǶˣСɽһֱˮߺɨֹͨ˸оʹ󿨳˹
㣡
ûа취ˮֻܶ㣬ʱ򽫻֮׷һԵʹó
ˮ񵲱ǿĵ˻Ѿû̫ãϾˮķﵽǧټϼҲ٣ԵģԺˮʵǿҲ͸ǿˡ
ʵǿ󣬵͵ҲǺܴ󣬲ʣµɲˮŮֵܵġ
ԣ
ˮһζʱ򱻶ɨУһ˲޴ĳˮԶеհףͨĹԳסǿĲ幥


ȻӣȻһھ޴ĺɫˮ籡ˮһ㣬һƬסˮдȳ̱ǵζֱӳԡ
Ʊգ
ˮóԼ̨Ů˵̨һ롣
ɽ
ˮǲݾɽסЩɫĶꡣ
̡
ϵķ޴ĸʴһˮһľİɾɽŪɣɽǿˮ֮ϣˮʵĶˮĶƺʹ֣ϾɽĹǿˮ⻹ھɽľ硣
Щˮۣɱˡ
Ĺ֣һеĶ࣬ԼĶ࣬оʵԵĶ綾Һֱ幥ʲôģʱȷе˵ģԿĶһĶ㲻ʵԵĶϾԿֲ̫ܿС
ΧĴѲӣƽʯ·ȴǳǧٿףǧٿףһ׵ĿӶɼⶾҺĸʴжǿ
Һȥ֮ˮȲ鿴ɽһӿݣնӴСˮޱȣȻڻã֪Ч᲻ۿۣԺľǲǻӰ졣
ȻһСӿӣ˵ɽԿסԷĶҺ
ˮˣΪЩӿ֮ȻۿɼĻָҲͼʱ䣬ָԭĹ⻬ƽӡ
ǿĻָ
ˮȵǾϲ
ڻָ֮һˮУˮٴξޱȡ
ˣҺôȻˡ
ؾľɽ
ˮܿͿھɽԼ屶ǿľԶܻ¶ֵǿɽҲᱻˣ»ӱ˵
屶ԼĹཫǧȻܲˣ֮ΪԼĹͶԷĶ࣬ͬʵôԼľɽһһ
ھԶܻ¼ӱԼҲܵסҪ֪ԼسԹָҲǺֲܿԱ˵һģҲû¡
ˮıпĽ͵˶ãǼӱҲǱ߲һģŵҲһ
˵һĸûˮоƣԵĶܻԵĹǾɽɫԼⶾҲúˡ
صľɽصľɽǿ̫ˣһˮ룬ˮҲˣĲٹ;Уһ㶼ΣһصأصأصأѾǶˣһ㶼ʵı仯
ˮվɽѾˮϿգʱĵҲ˲١
ȻֵܵסĶҺöܿˣЩŮˣü֮ˡ
ʦٴЦ⻰ҲʹĴ̼ˮ
ˮü֪Էڴ̼ԼŶо޿֡
ˮŴʦҪ֪ڵľɽܶԶ˺ٲɾ޴˺ԴʦͲһˣǧĹϾԵĶܻǴʦҲֵסµġ
֪ɱ㣬ֻ߻᲻ܵӰ졣
ˮЦſŴʦ

ʦû˵ʲôȴǺˮ֮ǰ˵Ǵߵԭɣûн
ʦû뵽ˮھȻ˵ĻĶˮ֪˻еƻơ
ʦķػʱѾҪˣԼĶгʲôҲˣʵǿ幥ǿ󣬷ҲֲܿһУҲǿŽǰ壬ܶ࣬ǿоˮ
лּצкܶѪͳעģЩһצӣеצеצҲצеʵͻƺŻצ˵ǿǾצ


1903 ɱ
ޣ

ޣ


ˮ˲佫ԼܳսٻرޣһˮķֶԷǶ嶼һˮ̲סһЦ޶ͷ·è¿ͷٴ󣬾ܴèǻẦ£Уͷ·˿һ־ǿƲ˵ģͲܡ
Ů˲гԼʷ𽣬û뵽˾ȻôǿޣȻԼʷ𽻹в㣬Ů֪⼸ֻƺܿܰʷɱ
ޣˮҲгԼޣֻ⼸ĳɳȴޱȵѸ٣ˮҲĳҳҪԭ˵޺ԼԼľɽ֮⣬޵Լսԭ
ڻδ꣬ȻƾѪͳһǿǿޣֻҪվסţʱ㹻ǶԷǿҲᱻţ
ʦķػ״̬ѾҪʱˣѾŶȥڶǰϺʹһ㣬ڵȻʱ˲٣Ҳˣǧ׵Ķ̫Сˡ
ôСĴȴöҴ⣬ſھһϢ
һŨҵĺ
ֻҪͶͻԷȫɵʵҶ˺żЧǿۼҲס޵˺ѡ
޼᲻ݣ¶ˮ»ԭˮڿ˵Լǰٶֵ壬㹻Ļ廹ǻԲġ

ͺһǺɫϢһһĿռ䣬޵ҵļһдɲ
оУˮǿĶǰһֱǰޣ֪Լ޷˺ģʱˮޡ
׻
޵ľԿսĿѣΣѣεʱȴǲ֪١
žž
׻޷ģһʹõĴҲޣˮֱʹ׻
ԣ
һֻǿ׳צֱӺݺݵϡ
ڶǰСֱӱ׵ķˡ
ˮ֪޵׻ڶѣֻգ۲ʱ䣬Ͼʵ⣬ǿҲ죬ͬʵ޶Կ޾켶Ĵڡ
׻
ûа취ˮֱʹ׻ԶԶĹΧס͵ԼʷͽҲǼȥʱҲ˲϶ԷǶˡ
ƺ֪޶ĹٻҲҪһܳʱ䣬Բرż־ޣСȻ󣬵λҲġ
ںܲˬԼʵҲֻܽ޴ɣɱԷֶסԼĶѪϼ¹ɱ
ʦϵĺɫһĶһһٽ˼ν޴κָԭӡ
ˮ֪ԼĻˣɱʦĻˡ
͵ǰһСɽһڴʦͶм䡣
ǲϵڿתĶŶƺֻҪһлͻֱӴ͸Ŵһ塣
ˮһӣһʮĺ븡ǰЩ綾֮ˮŮеĶذĶй֮޲
ãһ๥óǿʽƴֻĹУġ
ˮͷҲ˵
Ůһá
ǵ͸Ӧһ
ʮ·һ㣬ѤΣֹһǾ綾ڿһ׶ΣǰһɢһȦһúγɵ׶ӡ
ӡ
֣ã
ӡֱӳڴʦϷҲӡûǿҵĹֱס˴ʦٶһЩ
׻
׻ڴʦϡ
ɽ
ʱŮҲˣһѤĽӰ縡ӰһĴʦ
ˮҲǱһһ£ҲǺǿ󣬲ƺûȫﵽѾǿˡ
ˮŮ˵Ǻܴ󣬵֪һѾ㹻ˡ
Ů˵һˮĶ뷽һʱɽѾȥĺ·סˣӡŮԼǳ֮ƣԲĶŮӲҪǰΨһһľɽ
ʦ֮ǰѾ֪ɽԻɾɽȻٶʱڶԸǻףЩʽҲ˼Ρ
һж˲䣬ʦϵѡɾɽӰǰԵ˫һһ㣬һںĵնȻžɽնȥ
ˮ¶һ˿⣺ˣûлˣ
ԣ
ɽԵһԶܻοڵĴʦʵҪǿ󣬱ϾڲǧľɽھԶܻ£һӽʦײõɻȥ
ǿ϶ģ˶㲻ϣܻ֮Ǵ˵ѣʱȴģһѪȥ³Ѫöˣ¹ϵĻһ¡
岻ܿƵĵɣһѣΣоһ˿ʹӲһѽ̽塣
Ҳǿ󣬵ѣεһĻܱ˺ܶ࣬οܵǰѽĶƿԼΪ塣
ܿϳԼ־
ԼöһӣҪڶ𡭡


1904 ջ
ŮҲû뵽ôİѽ̽˴ʦ壬ȷе˵ǴʦԼײģܿͿʦѾ֪ˡˮȻʦѾ֮ʣˮҪȻôأʱˮŰĿǶϣٴλظɡ
ˮڲûдɱѱôһֻǿޣɱ̫ϧˣȻɱԵõܶľ綾֮ƺܶĶҩɱȡѣµȻǺߵļֵߡ
ָɵĶѾ֪ʦˣ˵ûʲôĵģʦҲֶѱ޶˵޷ֻҪرķѱ޻ָɣ
ԼޣԼͷԼ
ԼųģΪ˫ͬʱҲԵģΥκԸȻģΪˣΪ˵Ҳ
Լƽһ֣ʵֹ޲ϲҲϲϾˣҲ
Լлһ֣ˣҲȴû£󲿷ϲľ
ǷԼ˫Ϊһܵʲô˺ԼԼ޷Υ˵Ըһ޻ɣϾޱܶࡣ
һΪ˱һЩѡҲǴ½ϴ󲿷ʹõķʽϾ޵̫ˣʲôģһѱʦֻˡ
ԼҪͶ룬Ȼصʱһ㼸ѡܣҲǱѣѻгͷ߻е޻ѡܣϾһ
ҲԽ֮ԼܾͲΣա
ȻĸԸĳʦϾʦʵûжǿ󣬵ʦ涾֣ǶʦԵɺϵõڿܹһĶԵģҲ㹻ˣƭķʽԼֻʵõ˾޴
ˮͺ͵ʦһöﲻɵһͻͻջɣû뵽ȴԼɣɵĿɹ֪ġ
ޱĲϷɳȥŰսƺ֪ƣһʷ𽻹нֻܱĵֵҪޣԶвޡ
ķƺκβǰЩʵģʱȥƺûкô
ǲܣ
ˮʱЦ˵ɱʦˬ𣬶Ҳڱصá
֪ҵĻҲ˵
ˮ˵Ϲܣֱڽ̸˵Уֱö
ҾܣҲסҡ
Ҳֽһ
ǰװˣһƺʲô鶼о仰ô˵ţȻӾͲҪƷˣ˵ء
ˮֱ˵ġ
ŮһԺʱֱʱȴе㻵ڣһƭСĻ
˵ôʲôҪˣжصİ취뿪
ҲȻ˵Ҫߣû뿪֪˼ȻԼ˵һȻֱӶˣͺã˵ûܵõˡ
ı̰ˣʵˮо̰
ɣкô
ˮ˵
ʲôô˵ãǺôҿɲӦʲôġ
˵
ֻ̰ҪӦǾԲᷴڵģ϶Ƿֵĺġ
˵ʲôҪ
ˮʵ
ʵŮǮ鱦
ˮϽͣˮǹһ˿΢ЦûʲôʵڵһλžŮ˺ǮǮʵͻǮǮȻܣŮǲȱٵģǮһֶΣŮǮǰʵǱϣǸ
Ȼˮ֪ܲˡ
ˮҲϻֱóöϹⶫҪĵҩҲˮ⼸ƵµĵҩǶǿž޴ġ
Ԫ𵤣ҪǶ޹ɱԪģо𵤣ǰģ;ת𵤲࣬ʹõģתʹõġ
һ꣬ЩģһʵͻͽһҩʦĿǰû˭ҩϸǿҲ㣬⼸ʵʲô̶ȣӦҲǺ
ˮЦſŶ
̫ˣȻܸܵˮж󣬶˵ģһ꣬ƾõ˵ʵڲʲôǸŴʦ°ˡ
ˮҲ˵ɫ֪ˡ
һ꣬ʲô𣿡
˵
ǸңػǣػҪǩԼģԼҲֹԼȥҲʲôػǣʱһս
ˮԥ˵


1905 ѱս鲻
һ꣬˵һ治ʲôǵˮˣмʲôֶΣҩʦǺܿµģԷеĶȷʵ̫ջˡ֪ʲô˵㲻ԸĻУҿԿ϶ҵʵ˦ʮ֡
ˮ΢Ц˵
ãҴӦ㡣
ˮĻֱӹϵ˵
ãģԲԿ
ˮЦŽһҩݸ庮ҷ
ҷιˡ
ң
庮ҷһ㶡
ǰŸʲô
ˮѵҩС
һҶ˾ͷˮޣͷˮ޵ʵֲܿˣ̨Ϲ꣬ѾϹˣһٵͻƣϹ걾Ϳֲھ͸ֲˡ
˰ɫǲ֪İҪǿ
յõմУһֱˮ֪Ҳ޵ģֻһֱûгӦûǰгǺõеʱõġ
սڣ
һֻɫĴ񣬵ӥͣʧֻۣʵһֱϲµģˮ˵һֻʵ޵ʱǲ˵ԼС
ȻˮͿսڣʱҲ״СˮܵǿֲѪʱ֪ǲûнֻǿѪѣӵͨͶˮȻ֪ô
ˮĵҩԼѪҺսڵѪ֮󣬵ʱսھʹʮΪһֻޣսڴ˵ˣ˶˿ѷɫǴ˵̫Ļ洫˵԰̫ջ١
ȻЩûбҪȥڵսڱǵʵҪǿ֣ٶ죬Ͽжˮ
ˮŴ庮ҷѱ庮ҷҲޣֻǺڵʵȣֻˡ
ȻͶ˵ǰʱ䣬ˮ֪ʵǸҲϲһοˮõѱ޵ҩҲ˻޲ᱳѵ֡
ⲻƭΪˮԽԱ֤ľҳϡ
ûж࿼Ǿͷ庮ҷĵҩһصķĴӶüĳȻյ庮ҷüģȻʧˡ
ˮʲôԼһֵҩƣ˺֮ͨǿԿ޵ʶ˵ң־ԵĿơ
庮ҷҲܿģôǿԼʵҲ˺ܶ࣬ǶѰʵǿҲͶ֣Ͼߺÿ˶ˮġ
ʵ֪ǵùˣˮĴڣʵһצӾͿȴǵֻһ·ܲһԳɹ
ǵֵסԷӵջ
ҲԼҪرԼڶڣһǿߺȻ߹󣬵ܶ໹ǻ࣬һ㶼ѡ޶ҪһЩķʽ־ԵԼǲ᳼ģȥϲݼ̤
޴Ӱһ㱣һ˳ǰһɫ·ɢһϢ۾ܲɣһ˽庮ҷС㣡
ˮЦˡ
ԺҾͽɣ庮ҷЦ˵
ԥһ¶һ˿ЦݣθӲ
֮ǰǱʦֶѱģȻʦʱҲܿʱȴǺܲںӣΪǴǵޣӺʦҲ뷨ҲᱻɱȴǺס
ҲʲôӣѣȻղźԵҩ㲻ƽΣҶһѵλá
С㣬ףҲôҶһҲȻӦ˾;ᷴڡ˵
ˮʱѾѴʦĿռķػҲˣͨˮ֪ⶫãҲ֪ΪʲôʦԴԼѪг
ⶫǺöٶһһΡ
ٶȵҪԲ˵ˣھԵٶǰһжʮָƣûоԵٶȣֻҪԷٶȿϺܶĻѾڲ֮ˡ
ʦĿռû㿴Ҳ֪ǿ߿ռһźöڻǿʱ
ɱ˴ʦˮɣɱʦǶԵģԷ嶾ɹˣӦõλͣԼͺ嶾ɹӣоǴʳԼɱ˴ʳĴʦʳһҲԼ鷳ġ
ĺۼȥ֮һ˻صãˮϹɵɫϤļŮ֪е㼬֣û˵ʲô
Ů˵Ҳɫû̫ľϲΪˮģΪˣѾˣҲûа취ڻûа취ڽɼӶӲ


1906 ׼ҡҷ
ɱ˴ʦǰǺܺõģܱȱʦɱãˮ˻صú³Ҫһ٣ҲҪ˴һ٣Ͼʱ˭Ҳܱ֤ûв
ŮôѾǺվһˣɹԮϧҪʱ̫֪ü
ǶϹ֮ʵҲͻͽһǿĴڣڸǿʵѾƽǧҪ֪ʵǺܺģǰ
ҪǶѪ͸֮ǰҪȹǿȻʵӲܶ࣬ҲһǧʵѾֲܿˣʵսĶʲôȴ˺ܶܶࡣ
öܿģҲо˵ǿʵԼӺ⣬ûһӣСԾӣܿϱһ㡣
оϯͬϯĻ⼸һ󺺣һһµˣһϵߣԼһʮŮǽڤϹ
һ˵ǵʱ򣬲ˮ˴ӲǵҪϹϾʶ㣬ḻоҲޱȷḻ
һӲʱٴαˣһǲȿô㣬Ϊӵ³ԼҲԳԣ庮ҷ֮ǰҲ³ˡ
ڤнʳָ󶯣ǲǵһγˣϾҲʮĺԣ۰Ͱ͵ĿϵĲȣˮֱӸһ̣ҲûˣСԴĵЦˡ
Ů˿ˮ΢ЦҲһ㶣رֳ磬ԼŮһ㣬һ̸оϺоر
óõľƣ÷ҲлǾŮʲôģûǰһ̳ӡ
ȥˣһ˵ǳԺãҲô֣ˣȳȺȡһ˵ġˮǰľ̳
Ů䱭ӵѩ׵֣Ө䱭ӣԼҺľˮĶˣʳ̻𣬾ɫǣֻߵŮ˾ѾˣοôζľԼȵζ
һȶ˫ĿŹ⣬ȷ¾̳Բ˵ʱٴ𾪣Ƽȵϲڽ鱦˵ģֻЩԵĺȵľöǶ־ᶨʳ̫ҪˣȻҲʳɫһ𣬶һɫǰ档
ˮúȣǰκȻʵϴʣܳŮҲܳǻǵһ˵ĹЧľƻǾ𣬼ֵ󣬹ؼǮҲ򲻵ģһž֪ǧϵĳ𣬾ͨľҲǺѵõġ
ˮһģŶͽԼĴڣϵһĲȶǵĶӣϵĲ˱ԵĸɸɾŮûôԣֻһЩƣЩԵǳ˺ܶˡ
Ů˳ԵҲǺܶ࣬ȻԣǼ̻ʡ
·δķеӣģܻһе󺺣ܳĴ󺺣ûıӴԵľ󣬿ʼһ㶣ʵҲе㲻˼εЦЦ̫óˣʲô¥Ҫó̫ˣţǰһֱΪҥҽݣûʧˡ
ҲöҲܶԣٺõĶҲģ֪ЩóƽʱҪЩͨʳֱ£ʱǳͨķҲǺܺóԵģЧҲġ
ʵ²ԷҲûʲôġ
ҲǣҿԿ϶ҲԲ塭
Ȼһ±顣
ˮ֣Ѿ֪ͨɹֻҪһʱ䡣Ů˵
ˣҿɲǱ۵ģ˲鷳ôʱ̫ƽˣҶое㲻ϰߡˮЦŰһ䡣
嶾ɹʱȷһţ˹ɹҲˣҪǴʳʱ˵
ϸ磬ڴʳʱҲ٣ڴʳ˽಻ࣿˮʵ
ˮ쵰庮ҷһ䡣
ˮһ㶣ôˣ
֪Һ壬ȴϸ磬ĵǲǡ庮ҷ˵
ˮһЦˣ𣬸ˡ
ǻ쵰
΢ЦŲ˵ʱɵջ˺ܿĵģ֮ǰĳƵպöˡ
ʳܽΧĻʳҲǿʵģɱĴʦʵʵǿֻƾĶǿԳνʦʦһһƺ˵һְһĶʳĴʦвٵģвٶǱɱĴʦҪǿĺܶࡣ˵ҲЩġ
²£뿪ҿԷ뿪ģǸ㿪ЦҲҪЮ߶ʹ֣˵ĻʳԵġˮЦƽ˵
֪ˮʲô˼ŮҲֻ֪ˮԼ֪ԼʶԸܵһ˲ԷĲαװٺöУˮ׼ȷİյһ̶Էʵ뷨
ˮֻ֪ⶾǲ봫˵š
㲻̽ң˵˵ģҼȻӦ;ԻҲȻҲӦһ㾡ɷģҶһȻҲܻӭʵҲ֮Ѫ֣ص˵
ˮЦˣϸڣҲûʤ㡣
һҲΪˮ˵󻰣Ͼ֮ǰҲʶ˵ֶΣʤǿĳ̶Ǿžޡ
ʱҶɣԾƶԷʲôӦҳȥһ¡
ˮһóֵĶ󷨣ѾޱȣûˮסʱԸ˶ԷԶУʱþЯҲԡ
ˮﲢǶôĵģܻܣˮȴûκ⣬ݴ½ޱߣԼǻ治κԼ
Ź
ˮԼó֮һţõʯãʯ󷨵
ڵʯѾ弶󷨵屶Լ
Ǳûеƣ˵ǱҲˮȴûʯıȻҲǾԵģҲô˵õʯĺöļʵ̫СˣҲóһ
ڴ½ϲڣԣпܵģ󷨻ͨܵõʯɺ̫ˡ
ŻˮʱʱŽ󷨲úãûзڲãֻˮһͿˣˮ󷨵λٿԳ󷨡
һɫͺˣ֪һ͹ȥˣһˮ˵ôŵһ졣
ˮһҶĽܿ˾Ϊһ壬ˮѩļһҶҲĻӦˮһʿ
ʳ̻һŮԼҡҷˣѩ׵ͦҡˮ԰εзȡš


1907 ײ
ˮһҶѾǷޣӣȻһʱ䲻رĶ࣬Ҳ٣رЩһֱһ𣬼ûʲôÿˮᱧһ
ÿζȫµĳʸԶûɫ˵ٺóԵĶҲܳ壬˵Ůиһ˶ûг嶯ģˮ֪ⲻǾԵģˮо仰ǾԵġ
һҶڴ֮ԶǱżˮҪ²Żһ㣬ܻӭˣ΢ĽǿĴˮ԰Ρ
ˮ󵽣Ϊʲô˵̫ŮǻˮʵӦ˵Щܲ˲԰ΣŮɫУܻòŹ֣Ů˱ʲôҩﶼãһֱȴ޷ƣҲΪʲôĵҲˡ
ƽһҶ轿һ˿̺죬ǲʳ̻Ϣˮֳˮޱȵ㡣
εǲǺܼ֡һҶҲû̧ͷ˵ܸܵ
˵һ㣬˭Ҳô׵ģҿһ̵ģθڲõĿûġˮЦɵ˵
һҶ֪˵Ҳģ֪Լĵģ֪Ҳûٶʣ˯Ķӣһ㣬һԼѾˣˣĹȥԼˣֻԼĺӣˣʱһҪŶ뿪
ˮһҶеһ˿뷨̵ͦѩһ£ϸĴУԾˣһҶһѵĵİһۡ
һˮ㷭һҶ谴סͷţ
ˮһ£õģϲĲ𣬷ĺˣ˿ɲʲôҲˣҪʲôģ򲻹һܵģ˲֪Ӧ֪ҵǲİɡ
˵ˮƺһҶЦ˳˾ôɰܴ˵ƺܹ١
ˮǵЦһŮ˵£Ȼ󹴻ǡ
һҶ˯źˮ˳ȥһȥɾҲҪȥǲʲô⼸Ҫ߾裬ǲʧġ
һ󷨣ûʲô춯ˮصԼķ䡣
ֻһˮ͸оԣΪˣһ󵭵ζζϤģȻˮ庮ҷվڴʱͷˮ
޳ˣһѩ׵˯£ĳ˳ڼ˯е󣬽ڵʵʵҲֻ¶һ롣
Ψһ¶һ˫㣬ڵ̯ϵ˫㣬С磬ڷʯ͹ԽԵѩϸ塣
ȻʵʵȴޱȵĹˣ˺ǻǰΰرΰϸ֮һĻߣǻԲķԽ
ɵ˯ûסˣԽĶˡ
ˣ
ˮʳͻأ庮ҷһϼȴ¶Цݣ˫һҲˮ·Ҫγˮһ
ҹҲ˯𡣡ˮεЦЦ߹ȥ
ˮҲ˵ΣǸоԼе㲻Ƿ·һ˱һƯŮ˵һñϾһŮǰ¶̰ǺģʵҲǶһŮ˵
ǰģŮҲϲˣȻͻᱻỹŮ˸оġ
ˮĻ庮ҷЦ˳һ˲ŵĽˮû˫һһ˵ĹǣʱͶԾȻҲͬʡ
庮ҷԼϲˣԼ¶⣬ȴûнԼ˵ٴԼһָоԼһһ
֪ԼʺһԣһҲܵ˵ı仯
ʱȴǸоһϢ̧ͷˮѾվǰһգգĿԼ
ˮҪŮˡ
庮ҷĻҵĴҩҪңʵǲԼˮһֱˮľʻ㹻ǿȻˮ˵û¿Ǽš
Ҳܵƺܼ֣ˣŮʲô⣬ԼҲһ׮ź
ˮһѱס壬Ÿһ˯£ɸоޱȵĻ壬ԵĴ
ˮסԸе̴ڣһֻ§סϸ֫һַֻǻԲţǾ˵ĵԡ
庮ҷ΢΢ĴϢϸ΢ϵĴ̼ˮĸй٣ıܵԼı仯ƺԼһ
ܿˮͲ·һֻѸٵĽ⿪½ˮҲƽ£ܿ庮ҷѩ׵ĽˮǰرǰͦΣ뵹ۣͦνչˮǰûһ˿´ȴôΰ
˵̺һޱĿˮѸٵռȥϵķʳ
ˮʪ󻨾ʱ򣬸ոͻһ谭庮ҷĽһȻǿߣʹеģʲô
ˮͣϧĿ庮ҷʱ˶һӴѸٵת
֮
ˮ֪Լڵľ֮庮ҷǾ֮
ˮԼ庮ҷʣ庮ҷһǿ֮ǰˮһӾ͸ܵˣǾʣѰĳνĵˡ
ˮеľ֮ԽԽ࣬庮ҷо֮ҲڲۻȻͬʱŶԷȥ
ˮܾȣǿľ֮оеľ֪ԼܲõĽܡ
䣡
ˮʶĸоԼľ֮庮ҷľ֮ײ˲·ԼһɽײһʶеͼȻǿҵĹΡ
ѾܴͼٴδһӴʶԵرʥǴӵĹ⻷ǺȴǺգۡ
أ
žʱըˣеĽǱøˣΧŽǣˮһð˿ţĵһþſţмǿŽ
ʶı仯Ҳǰ˺ܶ࣬ǰͻΣѾܴˣڵĴһ־ֲһָоĴ֮ǰ˺ܶࡣ
ž֮ǰıڵľűˮҲ֪žһãǾǿʩչ׵磡
׵磬˲ͷžžĿ괦׵繥
ܼܺ򵥣Ҳ֪ˮǺܿģϾžѾܾûб仯ˣһβͼͻƣžҲõ޴ͻơ
ſʼΪʱԼľ֮ϵıˮš
λɡ
һˮһ⻰ǿΪˮʵڲϵӣʹԼѪƤڷ΢ı仯
ˮһ庮ҷҲڷž޴ı仯ʵҲڲϵͻƣǲ˼飬ŵĿźԼܽһˡ


1908 ֲʵ
庮ҷʱƺҲɬֻǵ½ܽһʱһٴα̺죬ӿϵţţǲϵ໥š
һεе㲻ܿƣ;֮ƺתʱôһС֮ˮеˣˮŮĶ
š
ˮһ庮ҷ͸ܵˣܿƵķһԼˮͷĺ촽˱ĽҺ
庮ҷţͦεȴǴţͦˮסǶ˵һ̺ʱԺ庮ҷ˫Ŀԣ뼸粻Ϊ庮ҷŵǸͷǸʵͦμš
˺Լ˵ĵطı˫Ψһۣ̺˵Ķˡ
ԣۣ÷СҷҷƯ۾ˮ̺͹ҧһ¡
һ庮ҷһһǵ˫ˮ΢΢ˮĿ⡣
ˮһֲֻϵһߵͦΣһߺĿĽļ庮ҷĽϵš
ˮĻӣرʱ庮ҷĿʱգ̬˵Ķˣܻӭˮϵַ
תħһˮͳ嶯һĹɵӵǿӲˮһˬϵĳŴԣβֱԡ
庮ҷıˮ岻ϵĲѾβˣʱѾ޷ԼѾƺˣˣ˺ܶ࣬ķǺǿġ
˵ˮѾ˸ԾڴҲ¡
庮ҷʼƲȫ±ΪԼԼߵ޵ݡ
һˮҲͷųӵ庮ҷĽŻŮɻ΢΢塣
еꡣˮ˫Ҹʱһ¶Ŀôԡ
㻹˵
ɲǻⶫҸıϡˮЦ΢΢˶̲סһǵ
˵庮ҷ߲סˮ죬Ȼһֻסˮۡ
ôɰһˮҲǺܿģǻԲ庮ҷˮ
ʱǿľ֮ѾƽˮЦҷƯ
庮ҷ΢ЦŽ˽ˮֱۣƯŮҲϣܵõԼϲҸӣˮҲܿĺ㡣
һֱ˵ʱˮˣ庮ҷѵø磬֮ǰŶ˯ˡ
ˮ庮ҷĵ˵ˮҵʵ˺ܶ࣬ȴǺȹ̣ƺǰҪȹ̡
庮ҷĻˮЦ˵ڱӦŻôȹ̰ɣʵǺ£ô˶٣
Ѿ߰ʵ
庮ҷ˵Լе㲻š
ˮҲǺܾȣһ;ںϼǱʵô󣬲뵽ԼڵʵˮʵҲͲˣΪ庮ҷڵˮʵӿֲ
ʵӵ߰ʮҲžҲԭıͻƵڵľűĵûʲô仯еĹѪҺǷʵı仯֮ǰԼ൱ʵľھǸʵľȻҲܼӲ͸Ȼȡ
ˮڵʵѾﵽǧһ㣬֮ǰ࣬ǧˮĹ֮ǰˮǽİĹȴǴﵽ˿ֲǧ
ˮŵľǣԼľɽԴﵽǧķǿֲĴﵽ
ڵı׼֮ˮķﵽһʵķ
ΪˮʶڻƽսһЩʶˮ˲׶εʵ׼
֮ǰǧķķ
ˮԼڵķˣȻԼɽĹֲһĹӿֲȻÿֻʹһΣһɱˡ
ˮǰԼ庮ҷʵӦûû뵽ӵô࣬ʵеֲˡ
ڣˮ֪庮ҷ֮Լ䣬ǺԼԽһǸоһܼ֣ȴû뵽ᷢı仯ˮ˺ܶࡣ
һʵȴǸȣʵǸ·һԵʧء
һӷ·˺ܶ࣬ˮĵı庮ҷʹ˼ڣ庮ҷ·ѹ£ŷ䴫һֱ
һֱ𴲵ʱˮǿĵĿ庮ҷµ˵ĽޣַЩ뾭֮еģȻ֮ǰǵŮˣڵķȴٵȻ


1909 ̫
庮ҷ·˺ô󾢲㴩ϣֺֺЦһۣ·ʱˮһ֮Ȼ֮ǰٴһһͻֹɫҲڴˣҲΪʲôȢһ˶ʮԭ
Ÿո庮ҷֻǴ˯¾ͻԼ䣬ϾʱֻǴ˯£ܰȴҶ֪ôԼˡ
ˮһŷ뿪㣬ˮζþá
޾֮·һˮоֻˣȴû뵽Ľϻᷢôı仯ĿǰǿһΣԺӦҲٳˡ
ˮ˵ϢҲһ˿΢ı仯еҲһЩ仯֮ǰյۣ͵޼᲻ݣ㣬ױˣҾǾһҲܲס͵
;֮ϣ˵ں˾֮ˮԭĸͻϱӲˮһһĸᲢá
ˮϴһ·Ժȭˮϰߣ̫ȭ
һδˮֺǰͬˣһʵһЩʶҲǲñ˵Ѿˣ֮ǰһֱоԼ̫ڽˣڲ֪ԼˣǴش
ֹˮһֱ仰ϵҲӸԣˮ֮ǰûм̫ϱԼߣҺԼǲ˲ֹһΣһֱΪԼľ粻ߵģҲǲǶˡ
һͷڵ̫֮ǰһʵı仯һ֪ǰĸᲢֻƤëƤë㡣
ˮһִƻһ֣ȴǴӰƫƫ˹ĵطһȴǰѿпˡ
磬һ־磡
ˮӰƶµĲԲԲƷǷȥһ򣬵գۼ˷Ӱкܰˮ·С
ͻȻۼ˺ܶ׵磬ˮ·֪һΧ
õѾԺϿ׵綼ǺܳԾⲻͨ׵磬Ƕȥ˺ԺȻ󿴵ˮڴȭ
٣
ٺ棬ʵһﵽپͻ֣ʱﵽŻͱ庮ҷѾͻʵٲûг֡
ٵĳҪһɺϣܵʲôģŻ٣ȹٻкܴĺôʵһһһɹһ٣ôܶԷûκ
ˮʱûнҾ磬ʱܸˣ֪Լʵһ̫࣬Ȼȹ̵Ļе󣬲ô׳
ˮ֪ǽ첻̫ȭɻ٣ҪǽӦòԼԵʵ˵Լڵʵ䣬Ӧûõ޴ӣҪĸ
䣡
һ׵ˮϣֱȫû룬ʱ·Ǻ࣬׵ˮһ֮ǰ׵ֻСĴָˮյһ㲻ʣ
Ȼǵڶ֮ǰһһģһ
ĵ
µ׵ԽԽ֣µ׵ҲԽԽ࣬ʱҲԽԽ̡
ˮ߲ܣǿһֵ쾡£ܶôǿ׵綼ȫա
׵岻ϵĴĹͽ⣬Եӿۿɼӡ
ʱһĹȥˮǿȫûκĳסе׵磬⼸Ǹˮ͸һ˺ܶ࣬ȴûһΣա
ƿɢ
е׵ʧָ֮ǰӣٺȻѵ죬ʱȴ죬еֻ̫Ǻ
ˮ֣ϵ·ѾǱˣ̧ͷŮˣЦЦ˵ȥϴһ£һһԷ
ˮܿϴˣһˬɫӡ
һҹˮʱ仯ܴڵ֮ǰһЩ˿ôҲôգƺ߶УһǼںϣͶѾɢһϣͰ
ˮ֪Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
庮ҷҲڣˮ庮ҷʱԷŤͷ庮ҷǾ޵ӻñ˺ܾȣŮ˵ֱԼо֪ô£΢Ц庮ҷˮ֮ƶ
ǹˣ̨պһҶҲǹˣ̨ʵδ²࣬һҶ赹ǿˡ
Ůղƽʱһһ֪ˮŮˣԲûʲô⡣
еԹĿˮˮеΡ
ΪˮĵһĹˮǰʥɽҩΪĽ־ıˣҲǸʱõ˵Ŀ϶ԼŮˣ庮ҷûдӦ֪ԼⱲֻŮˣ˭Ҳޡ


1910 ˮ̨֣յʧ̬
ҷýƯ
ҷýƯǺǺǵЦ˵ʱĿˮһۡ
庮ҷе㲻˼ʱױ￴ԼӣԼַ˺ܶı仯ѵǳΪŮ˵ı仯𣬱ģǶ㲻ȥġ
ˮʱڲųŮζͷͷһ庮ҷǴ󷽷ĳˣοﶼϤˣֻǸʦ̫Ϥ
һ˵ȻЦŴȤϾڶ֪ʲô͵͵ˮĴָˮ
ˮ֣ʵ˲١Ů΢Ц˵
Ůÿ˵ˮرĸоָоǰиĸնŮ˾ֿǣǰСʱ򿴹һӾ磬һͬǵŮҲֿǣֻǽе֡
Ů˵ʵԸܵˮʵ仯仯Ͳ֪ˣȷеĸܵ
Ů˵ĻȻǾϲϾˮʵ˭ǿޱȣԶǿĵĿˮʱŮٴ˵һ仰
СʵҲ˺ܶ࣬źˮһЩƵϢŮ˺˵
˵֮ƺоû˵꣬ˮ˵ˮҲСϢ֡
ˮһΣε庮ҷŮƺģһ֪ô£ˮӸϽ⣬кҳԷ
ˮŮ˲֪治֪ǹģˮŮ˵ɫƺǹģ˵ҲûбҪοŮҲϲЦȤ˵ˡ
һ㣬Ů˶ʵӦñһ˸ҲΪʲôİ
庮ҷڵʵŮ˲࣬Ӧò£ˮһЩӳŮ˲ſͻǧûˮļӳ֣ڵ庮ҷࡣ
ҲŮ˾ȵĵطһҹ֮䣬ˮʵͻͽоԼܶ࣬庮ҷʵҲ£֮ǰǲ˲һġ
Ů˿˵ɫƺһ֪ʲôڿ庮ҷȻ飬ʶҲҺأͻȻˣһӺˡ˼Ŀ庮ҷҲǹġ
С㣬Ե֣ÿҪǲҾͽ㶫㡣庮ҷ΢Ц˵
Ҹ˻أҷáŮ˿ĵ˵
Ů˿ĵ˵
ˮоŮӦѲ࣬Ӧ˵Ѳ࣬ûںݣҲоڣоԼʵ
庮ҷŮ˵̸ʵһϴˣ庮ҷǽãȻж㣬ôȻҲͱʾҶǽãѡ
庮ҷҲ֪ŮѾǡ¼ҹˡӦǰɣʳǳ׺ˣȡжվһӪ
ˮѾʱ󷨹رգǸգٺҲģǺ£֣ܳǰĺܶɽˮĵطǿ̫ˡ
µˮûϹתѾܾûӪҵú壬ˮҲûиоʲôһжʱģúܿͻ¿ţһҪǰӵǿ
һ俴̨һѽȻ֮ǰȥˣˮһЦû˵ʲô
޵ŮϵЦݺܶˣʹЦҲ˸оôľǧĸоǷ·һѩ
ˮһЦסûý֣Сգɢɢ
ˮ˵ʱѾʼˡ
̨ΣˮĳƺѾľˣȻо˼Ҳûа취һƻ䱾Ҳֻ˻ԼҲֻ
̨Լš
ûǺܴģԭĻһҲҪܾãųСĴһľгϸֱïҵ߻֣СһľСӵߣСֱйţ˳Сųȡ
ĵˮ峺׵ˮвʱС㾭еʱ򻹻һ߳Ĵ㣬һˮоܰͷһֱ׽͸Ůӡ
ƺ£̨յȿˡ
Ҳûиоʲô£ʵ黹ǲġ
鲻ɣ̨˵Լһ㶣ɫеλеִٲ
ˮˣʲôŮ˳ԴˣŮҲԴף
ˮŵĿŴʱе²ŮˣƺԼܣˮôߣЦĿСգĺÿģҲζ
˭ζˣϹ롣ֻ̨ܷ
ںܿģԭҵıʵҲҡˮЦżȤ˵ʵ
ˣôˣʳķ»ٹһЩӣ嶾ɹҲ̨ոϽ⡣


1911 ̨
̨յĻˮЦЦʳѾˣҲûã㿪ĵ顣
ˮ˵Ŀеζһǿŵĵ٩˭̨ȻҲֵĿˮҪʲôĵ£
ɫȻǱ䵫ӼʣˮоеС⻹ڵʵٴδ£ˮо̨֣յܴ
̨յʵȻû庮ҷǿ󣬵ѧ˱֮ʵҲǺǿ
ˮӣ̨ЦˣԭҲвʱĴ֡
ǹһˮӣȻһѽᱧ̨һȻֵĿˮûһˮûиоҪ˼΢Цźӣÿ𡣡
̨ˮĻ˵ÿ
ˮᱧţڵʱ̣ΧĻŵŮ˸ԼŮˣʱԽԽܵı仯ڵԼǰͱŮûʲôˡ
ˮһֱзǷͷڻң֪ûӰĴ飬ԼһĿĽԼ
ҵŮĬ
ˮĻ̨ҲЦˣ㵹ǲߣĪоԼܺÿ
ѵ𣿡ˮȵʵš
ͦģҲס̨Ц˵
ðȻ˵СҪҷźˡˮݺݵ˵Ȼµ̵ֱͦβһ¡
ž
Ǻܴ󣬵ȴⰲΧˮҲûԾ˵ָУһ˵ĸоܿ죬˵Ķѡ
һûŮһˮĵĿ̨գ˰ɣŮһֱСĹС
֮θҲʱƽʱЩǵĶų⣬Աһ
Ѿͷôˣ
̨û˵Ҳû̧ͷ
ˮһΣˣ
̨ջû˵
ԣˣұ֤Ժ㲻ҴƨƨһƨƨҪҸࣿˮ˵
һˮ⻰̨ոϽסˮĸ첲Ҫ
ɫΪļˣƺû̫ɿ
۸ҡ̨еĳ֪ʲôʱѾʧˣӦսռˣʱ۱ˮĲӡ
ôã㻹ءˮֱۡ
֪Ⱳĵ顣̨̧ͷˮչЦ
ˮЦݣһ˵ĸоͷ·Ǳѩŵ˲䣬ˮȵ˵ĻԼĵ飬ǾѾ˵һΣϾһҲԼַΣˮȻޱȵĸˡ
ҵŮˡˮϲʵ
̨΢΢ͷȻΪ޼ɵð𣿡
ˮӣҲǣȻˮѰԼŮˣҲǴԼ˵Ȼ˵еί񣬵Ҳǳˡ
̫ˡ˵ˮͷͷһڡ
ԼŮˣˮоһӷ·õ˺ܶȨһӦûǿԵġ
նõģ֮ǰҶаվҲܴ뿪ʵҲ˺ܶ࣬ҲҡˮԼʵôҲ֪
㣬Һ̤ʵʲôҶоһС̨Ц˵Ҳĸо
ˮû뵽ԼȻĵλٺٵЦԭСҲˡ
ˮϲŮˣϲ޵Ů¶СŮ̬߿޵ӣ־ӾϵĳǰԱܻˬ
ҲǸС쵰̨մͷһ¡
ˮüͷоһߣ˵ΪĶһĸ׻߹ùʲôĲ
ˮ̼ˣֱһѽסͷסԸе̴ڣһ˿΢۵ĸо˲䴫ݵˮĴԣһϽɿ
գҡˮ
ȴˮȵ̨ձסˮĲӣ˵ϲңն
ˮѾ˲Ͼˣˮӵסǵõзٴס겻㴽ϸϸţһֻ۱ظš
꣬һֺܵȴǺ೤ζһ־ܣˮָʱ̨һֱҧŵıɿˣˮİͷ˽ȥ
ס̰࣬ȡҺĴڣʱˮоԼɾúȵ÷ƻҪζ
һֱ̨е㴭ʱˮķֿ


1912 ˮ
̨΢΢ҿˮֻǰˮ֣ΪˮѾ쵽·һֻѾ谭İؿڵͦδ
ˮ֮ǰе㲻̫ѣڲŷƵãе㲻ܿƵգһ˲ĻˬĽгһ̨һ
ˮһȻ뵽ǰ˵һ仰һݸо̨ûжôĶŭԾûϰֳҪ֪Ǻѵõġ
ȻϸϸĸݵĸоĿԸܵǶ˵ı仯һֻ§ģˮȻ˷Ӧĵһλá
֮ǰҲ֪Ǵԭ̨ˮǣӦòǴȥϾʵ߲ܻᱻţһǸܵˮĽһַ
ҲҾˮ΢Ц˵˵öͷסĶͷ˵߲ֻ̨࣬ǰ粻޳˺ˮվһЭ
ۿ̨յһ˵ϸļһ㣬֮˫յı䣬ȴôĶһ˵Ĺ°
ֹ°һ꣬ǵĽ֪ĽǺͰһ
ϸܵĽëСһ΢΢ĿϣҺˮӣƺеţһһ֮˵ĶˣֱͦĴڣ·ĵ̣һӵ
԰ó𡭡̨˵ƺе
ˮսĶ󵨵˵СҸղŸоòãҪ˵Ҿó
۸ҡ̨˵
㡣ˮ˵ŰøһϸϸƷζŮ㡣
̨ոоһϢΧԼָо֪Ҳֻ˿ԼᣬֻеĻţһ˵ǰδеĸо
Ҫ˵𣿡̨ʵ
ˮû뵽̨ջ˵ĻʵܵõԼϲŮ˿佱϶Ȼܺãرϣ̨Ů˿˵һЩ󵨵Ļȷʵܴ̼
ȿȣҪ˵ˮεЦ
նϲҡ̨Ϲŵ΢ЦǵĻľĶǡ
ڶ˵һŮԼǰԳն˵ǰҲĻ˵ƭ˵ģʵѾģϾһ޾ŮˣֻԼһǰŻˮ벻㶼ѡ
ôϲǾһΡ

ˮʳ֪ζĲ֪˶ãҲһ֮һǱֹ̨ˣˮԱӣˮҡ
Ҫ룬ں㣬һȵ׿Ҫˮ΢ЦЦ
Ҳ֪ô¾ܻš̨˵
⣬Ѿ仯ܶˣ֪ΪңǲǺܳˮּɢ
̨ϺģȴǺܿģǺܳȴᡣ

ˮѾˣҪ֪ʵѾ̨տһ޴ĺ蹵Ѿ˫ϲţ˵ϲš
ǻ˵ʵҲǶ˲٣ˮĵҩǺЧģˮЩʱȻʵҲͻͽڵˮ໹̫ˡ
һܣ˹ǿķ˵һɽڵĵϲûٴƺҪһЩڵڽһһ˿ĺɫΣƺԼ֮һЩķġ
ޣɳռܴˮһٰٻϾˮңҸˮǿĿһг⻹ϵһгޡ
ɳľǽޣԳɳȽϿģֻ˵ʵȻ͵ģҪ˵ֲֲǿٶȣǿ壬޼᲻ݵϬֻҪһͻ˺
ˮʵܲ⣬ֻ㲻壬ػġֱɱΪڻûгֻ꣬ǰצĽצצ
ѪǱȶǿĴڣʵ൱ĽͶභ˭ǿ治˵ﵽĻôһצĶ֣ҲӦòС
ˮĽצѪͳҲδ꣬ƾõˮһֱƣҪȽɳצʱ򻹲֪Ҫʲôʱ
ˮһֱʲôʱԵõһڴҩҡͷˣϾǱ˵ʵҩĳ첢ֻ䣬ҪʵצɳצҪʱ䣬ǿʵûצӵϽҲܶ࣬ǳĽʵûˮδĽǿ
ɾʱ⣬һֱɾˮԸܵڽĳɳٶҪȹδ׶ûʲôĻҪá


1913 Ļǻ
֪ʱ䣬ƽĶȹˮǸое⣬Ȼ˵Ǵʦ˲ôĴʳҲɣĪǶԷûж
ˮɲŶԷжӦʱûжҲʳʧһʦûʲôʳȴǺҪʦһ嶾ɹ
ʱˮû¾һεͻƲϤ·һˮһֱŵľԼֲĿ

վﲻ֮ǰĴʦڵĶƶ޷Լ˺һ뵽ЩˮȥҴʳ嶾ɹ˴һ
ڵʵȥˣӦú֮ǰȿԽ߶ȣߵ˻ҪǵʵҲѸӣˮٶȻ˺ܶࡣ
ͨںˣˮߵļŮѾ˦ˣһҶ裬庮ҷ̨ա衢嶼ǿ˺ܶࡣ
ͨʵһֱȲţٶҲ㲻ˮʱûдȥѸǣкôҲлһʵ޷ںܳһʱû²ʹİ취
ˮİ취һʹúڽٰһʱ޷ʵ޷ʵʲô֮ĵر
ˮһֱȻʹ޷ͻƿʱǿһá
뵽ԼҲȻˣÿ˶ԼһʲôҲҪʱ䣬Լ֮ˣļԲȶʵѾǵˣֻԼеĲˡ
һֱĵӣڷоƺôˣȴǻǺܵģˮǵĹǣˮûҲ֪ˮʵӾپû֪ˡ
⼸ˮӹˮ庮ҷҲʳ֪ζÿ춼ˮţޣǾ֮巴ʵӵľ
ȻˮĹڵһλһ޴ڽһʱ仹ǻԵһºͻŮһҲһ΢仯ѪҺԼȣһϸ΢ʵֺôʵֱӱ仯ôԡ
ͻһϵˮĵŮȻĹǵҪӹǹǺԲĵŮ˾ǻ˼ٵġ
Ǹ֮䲻ϻ񼶱ŮˣȻҲΪʲôܶŮ˻عѣҲǺձһҪԭ
ŮҲǸʦƺҲ뵽壬ͼŮϵҲԽԽãˮʱҲԻŮĺ֣˵ƯŮ֮䶼
һҶʱҲûպĴ㣬庮ҷҲûǹ⼸ҪԿʳԵеѣûȣȻʵҲûñȣڵˮӦһ⡣
Է֮ǰǸʦʵôˮͲˣΪˮʵɱЩǺܼ򵥵ġ
ڰܶʱ䶼ǺˮһСһѾʼ·ˣһҶΪԭˮ͸㣬ȻмŮæ˭ʱͻˮһտСһ
СһﲻôÿޣһҲ棬С̰ԣˮ˳Ծ˯ʱˮտСҲǺѣ˵ˮһҽʦ͸ˣǰСѾСҲ˵ϡ
ںˣʺܰû˵ˮڣõġ
ˮչ˵ĺãͨʱҲԼĶҲˮĻˮɵɲǰ׵ġ
ʵһͨʱˮչˣҴ٣ΪɾĴˮ켸ǲģ˳ʱָ⣬ʱ䶼ڳһҶʱ䡣
֮ǰһֱտպʱһҶԼտֶԼһأǴˣ⼸ʲôҲСһ
ˮӣһҶģÿοˮСһ￪ĵӾ͸оرܰ

ƽһܺǽˣһˮһô̫ȭ򶫷û̫ٺǵ̫ʮܼһΡ
ˮֵʱԶһƬڵＱٷ
ˮܺȴҲ壬ϾԶˮֱˣĻǻġ
ˮһתӰѸٵߣвϵö죬ŹԴѾˡ
һֻһᣬʱ䣬ˮҲԷһˮıȻЩ󷨵ɱܴ󣬵ˮڸоػػһЩֻҪˣ빥̫ˣˮǿѰһ뿪߷
ŮͨѾˣˮҲԶЩڵ㣬ʱѾˮﲻʮˡ


1914 ΢Ц۾вһѵ
Ůͨ弸˳ûʲô飬ΪѾ֪ʲôˣЩǱˮ尾ȻˮҪʵͻȻҲǺܼ尾̫ģϾ·
һǲҪ߳áˮЦ˵
У庮ҷһ˵˳
ˮ֣ҺҷӦÿԱǺһȥɣ֮˵
ǸնĹʦж֮ˮǵϴ˵û֣֪ж֮
ˮоֺֻܹ֣֮ǴţҲںҲ˵Ϻ˵ֺأ֡֡ĸֻϵģеĶϣŮбҹ˹裬ҹǰûеģ¸¥ˮĸоһۣȴһŮ˵֣׺ǲϣԶˮӲоʲô
ˮЦãһΣϻã԰ȫ
ŮһûзͷһҶ豧㣬ûж˵ʲô΢Цųˮͷˮ֪ģˮ껹ϸɾ֮⣬֪ܶġ
ˮһЩ˵֮⣬ʦѸӵŮ˶ǲˮȷеʵһҶ衣
ЩҲţοûκκôɾԽ֪ԽãϢȥ˵ҲһЩδ֪Σա
ˮڲԶʱҲüԷ࣬ˮһ´ʮˣÿ˶ǵһ޴ޣɫͬӲͬΨһͬľ;޴
ʮֻ˵ĻĲ࣬ʦʵвٶǱʦʵǿĻʮܴˡ
Щ˵䶼С󲿷ֶǰ֮ˣһЩģģֻмᣬˮҪһЩĴڣˮرעһ¡
ˮֻעļԼϵļǱ޴һ㶼ȽΣգ챦Ϊʵǿļͷ֮ˡ
ǰߣͷףȷʵֱųۣ΢֮⣬ʣµеݣ΢΢ɵһɷǵĸо
Ŀ¶ǺȻһӶȥվڿУؼһγɣء
壡
Ĵ壡
ˮ⼸ߣҲɫһӣ¶ƭ˵ģǺȻĺȻĺȻҪ֪Ȼֱˣġ
ΪһɺȻˮıһЩʳĿɨһȦҲǰǿûУ֮ǰĴʦȴǳƲĴ塣
ˮӰһõϿգҲǳ˾ŹԴ
ˮҲ˵ƽĿŶ棬ֻҪǿǰмǸ
Уαֱǿһ֮ϵĺȻȴǺǿʢֱ䣬ϣվ·һεĴɽһ
֪λ˼ΪʲôʦǰΪ£ˮȿڣȻԷ˵ôԼ˵ˡ
ˮƽͲҲŲæƺûбǰʽš
õ𣿡м˿ڣҲܴ飬һϺѹȣⲻǿģȻ¶
ǣ˼ҵ𣿡ˮЦʡ
ɱʳʦˣˡºܴͣ飬־þλϻһϲ˷Уŷĸо
Ҳ֪ʲôʦʦǰȷʵɱһ࣬˼ң㲻֪ôĻƣһΪϲʵ۸ˡˮ˵
СӣɱҴʳĹʦô˵㻹ǵһһֺ˵ˡ
ֻ΢֣δϵȴǺȳƣһһûҲûм磬Ӿȶ·һӡ
˵ϴһ˿ЦرС۾·Ƕߵ۾
Цصˮ˵ʱľЦ滢ˮܲ⣬֮ǰǸźȻΪôˡ
Ϊ׵УźȻĴ֮ʦʣµ΢˲ĿƣɫҲƣЦص࣬ȻҲˣһ˵ѣһ˵񲻻˵ѣˮԴӶԷ۾п
ĪʳҲǷֳģ
ʵкܴĿܵģ˵ĵطз˵ĵطн˵ĵط档
λˣû˺˵΢Ц۾ײһѵӡˮ˵Ļ͸оȻҲˮֵֻ𾴵ˡ


1915 ҳʲô
ˮȻΪһ仰֮ǰǾ仰Ȼе񣬵ԷǸˣԲ̫֣ˮ֮˵ΪԷ¶ɫģˮʶǲƭģ˵˾ԲǺˡ
ǸˮĻһ㶣Ϊû˺˵ȷʵûȴ֪мϼһ˵ԼЦصʲôģԼҲ֪û˻ǰ˵ǸС
ôǰһСǺɱģϺҲǺܷŭ˵һֱǰҫ㲻иоˮɲϣôҲӡ
ԣŭˣ
Сȱٽѵ֪𣬼ȻҾʹ㳤úýѵѵ㡣ɫѿ˵
ҵĳʲôˮ΢Ц˵
ˮȻϻ΢ЦţһֲмЦϲϵˣԼйϵ𣬺οԷһֵ𾴵ˣʲôʸԼǰ
֮ʦˮôУЦص϶û
ˮ˵ʱҲ⵽֮ʦı飬˵ı鲢ûκα仯ôĿˮˮȷ֮ǰĲ²⣬˾ԺĿյļһﲻ͡
仰Ǵ̼ˡ

ŭЦ˴ʱɫѾе࣬˫ͺС۾ɢĹâ綾߸ĸоǰ˿һᶪꡣ
ǰҲ׶ˣЩһĿ԰ŵɫ䣬۾Ĵڡͨ۾ֱӸŵ꣬翴ֲܲ
˿ҪʱģûʱɵҲǺܲˬرĲˬ̲סˡ
ˮ˹ҲᶯŭҪһʼˮ˵ﲻһЦصҪ֪ߣܼɻģڵˮĻŭһʼˮĻԷһŭ
һᣬиĻᣬǵһɵʲôϵȴǲһһˣҪ飬ǿϻ쵰ûġˮЦ˵
仰̵ζ̫ˣһɫٴһ󶶶
һֻ˵Ȼˮȥ˫ֱˮȥ
ʥ֣֮
ֻƴ޴İӡɢʥĹΣһޱȺأȻǺܴ󣬵˸оܶߣɢһĤݻоһ޷εɱ⡣
ˮҡҡͷĲ˲ʥ֮Զ޷ɡ
̫ޣ
ˮƱҲˮɢǿҵʥĴǾ޴ϡ
ԣ
ˮӰ΢΢ȴûңӰԼһһֽˮٴζˣӰˮһ㡣
֣
Ƕȣ
ˮֵĽǶȺܵ꣬ҲǺܵ꣬ƿصʱڶԷõͷѽ߶ȴδޱȵĴǸʱ
һˮȴûˣȴǱˮĺһ
ǿʼȴȥ
ˮӰھŹ£һһƲ죬ǽȴϣͣϢһ㡣
ˮ֣ʵĴ̫ľҲ뵽ոµľ磬ʵսù̾Ĵڣˮ˹̺Լľ硣
ʵһʼˣһǳʧȥȻҪûаˮͬȵһȷλãǱʶΪˮԼĶ֡
̬ٱˮ֮ϢˣһֱӱˮϢȫѹƣͷ·ס˲һܲһͻû
֣ޣ
ˮϵʹ̫еʽƮݲʧûʽȴʮ㣬ÿζڶԷ߻ں˵ʱÿһζǴڶԷĵط
ˣˮд羢Լ羢еһ˲䱩ֱӺˡ
˵Ӱϵĺˡ
ԣ
һʱ˵Ӱں˵ʱֱӱһк˳ȥˮһûٸǿűԷȥˣȴǸоޱȵĳ졣
ʵսھȹ̫ЧˣҲսıؾ֮·ûʵսǿʽҲӲʵսҵʽʽܶ࣬ûвʽﵽɱĶԷҲǲܡ
˵ûܵʽֻܵˣͬʽڲֵͬǧġ
ˮһε̫û뵽Դһʦʵ⻹ûʹҲûʹþɽȻʦʵʵӲԼʵ߳ɡ
ˮ⵽һ˵Լ̬Ҫ˵ʨӲҪȫ˵УȻͻõӥ飬ʱڶûлᡣ


1916 ֮
ˮ˵Ŀɫޱȣˮ촽ڶ£ȻһѪһѾˣ֮ǰһδ˺ۻѹյһһĵ
ܣܣһ΢ֵѾ֮ǰǸ߷
һзĺܿ죬֮ǰʵ˭Ҳû뵽ˮˣϾˮĹҲ޷ˣ֮ǰˮһֱǱˣȴû˻뵽
磬ˣСܹ죬ٶ£İտ˵¯࣬Ҫų֡˵С۾Ŀһ֮ʦ
ǰ˵ܴ󣬺Ѿ紫һĴˣѾסˡ
֪ܣģһָ˻˵
һ֣󺺹˵˷һߣȻ˲ŻתͷˮаҴǰֵһᣬҽ֪ʥ
ˮû˵Ȼ˺ǿˮûа˵£Ǵ壬ϧ˲ʺ·ʵǿ󣬵ȴܰѴ֮ӵ
˿ˮǲмûʲôŭϸСԽı䣬âһһ
խСԣݶӱ˵ʥ壬ûв´ʵӦûд˰ɣɽ׸ıƣԼµȦӣԶ޷ͻƣˣԻΪˣ㲻ʺߴ֮ˮЦ
ˮʵ˵Щʲôңֻǲ²⣬νһͨͨ˵ҲǮˮֱ˵˵׼ϣ֮ǰǸǻӣֵͬӦûǿԵġ
嶼̲סһڿ˵ŭҲ࣬˵ЩƤ񣬻˵ûҵ㣬ֵҲӸλǴ֪ʲôˣҲû˻ᵱǵ˵Һ˵ĺܶ˶Ƿа֮ڶࡣ
ôˣͬڳǳĴһǴıȽϺݵ֡
о˵ֵѾˣҲһĶ⣬õĴʦһСܴˣԼֵܣҪϼһῪġ
Զ֣˸ûаҴʳﰡ΢ֵˣҲ֮ǰ˵˴ǸΪ׵Ĵ֮ʦ˵
ΪԶɫƽ˵̫׹ʦȷʵ֣ȻҴܣҴʳĹʦΪҴʳĹʦ۸𡣡
ԶȻ˵˼Բˣ˵ֵܣΪʳĹʦƺҲ̫ˣһ仰˵ʳĹʦô۸ͬΪʳĹʦ֮ǰܵĹʦֳǹ˽̫׹ʦҪ֡
ˮһеף֮ʦŰ࣬ظˮҲ֪ô£Ǳʶ˽֣ΪԷɲʵоָо
̫ˣȻǴ֮ʦԶǴʳǰĴ֮ʦС̫֪ߵغˣⲻԶǲܷŹ̫״ʦߵ˵
ʵҶף̫ڴʦ˵ˣȻƤҲǺܺģҲں˿ֻҪܴﵽԼĿľУ֪˺άԼĴ֮ʦ֪ԼǼʲôģҲûϵһվġ
ƽĿ̫ڴʦȻ󻺻תˮˣҿ徻ѵһţûȤʳ
ˮû뵽˻˵ĻԼ˲ûȷе֪ԼʵԼڵĺȻȻͲ˵ˡ
̫ڴʦһ㶣Զʲô˼ɱһʦһʦöǴ֮ʦ𣿡
ڵǸоڶ֮ʦ֮ʦӣ˴֮ʦĸˣ˵أ̫״֮ʦ
ˮ󼸸˵ĺҲ̵ζ˭ó
֪ԶɱܶǴ֮ʦ̫״ʦߵ˵
ͷƺ̫ڴʦ磬ԸһĺҲҪԶʤ٣֮ǰ˵ģ治֣ʵҲ֪ļһﱳǿ֧֣κĻ治ࡣ
ϾͲˣɣȶΪָɣ֪㲻Ŀܱ˴ģֳҾͲˣԸһ㲻Ҫ˵Ƕֲ֣ζᱻ˳ЦġԶüͷ迪ϵ˵
̫״ʦһ㶣ﰵ϶ǰɲģôˣ˵ϣԼ˵Ŀ϶ΪԼǸ˵Ķ֡
ɱ練ƣԶ㿴ôɱġ̫״ʦﲻˬϻһЦصӡ


1917 ǿ񵲱ɱ
ˮԵĸ̫ܵ״ʦʵҪ֮ǰǸʦҪǿ٣ûˮо̫ΣգΪˮϻһʱʵҲӡ

ͬʵĹ
ˮϵСڿԵǧ֮ǰԵİҵĹǶôĿ£ȴǵǧ൱ĿֲģԺʵӣӵĿֲ
֮ǰˮɴǸʦ˵񵲱ĹͣϾˮڵĿѾֲ̫ˣ˵ʵû񵲱Ҳûʲô񵲱صá
˺ȷˮǿķĵֿر͵ϮԼԷ㹥ЧãϾǿЩطĿǻԺܴ
񵲱ȫλĵĵطʱûκģǰжǿĹˮ֪ˮ֪Էǧʵ֮ʣµĲжˡ
ҲˮǺܵĵһԭʵֻҪǧܶԼ˺ļûУͨɱҲУΪˮĿİء
óһѳ׽Ĵ糤ĳߣһЩ黭֮ͼɢһԵһЦصҲһ
Ų
ˮͻȥӰ϶ĲӰЩӰĶͬȻЩӰһɳֱֵӹ˵С
ʱ̫״ʦȻһǿĺȻǺͺȻϢǱǼ֮ʦƺҲѷɫʲôȻǼ֮ʦսʱɢôǿϢͲ֪ˡ
֮
̫ڴʦеĳߵİâǰɫĻһѩ͸ƥ˵ֹâԷٻһУرаĴڣ޼᲻ݡ
ѩ׵ĽӰ·һɫһˮȻȥ
ţ
ˮܵϤǺԼƵûԼĻˮյӣֱӽƽսꪵС
⻹Ƕ̸֮ˮģʽֱӺὭ˹ȥ
ԣ
޻ڵһ𣬰ԵϾֱӺ̫ڴʦİ׽һ
ˮϾĹҲǾͻ϶٣׼ȷ˵֮ǰʵҲоãıãӾűʵǺ֮ײͬԸ𳬹Լʵ
ͶԷ֮ײһӷĹӷҲǾԵģɵ˺Ժܴ󣬳ǶԷ֮ˮࡣ
ˮӰûж̫״ʦȴֱӱĵɳȥӦû̫ܵ˺
˵̫״ʦˮǰҿԣˮܻܲ˶Է治˵
ĹֻͬԵֵʣµľͿĵֿˣ֮޷ܣǿһ֮ʵóԷֻӲӲԷû֮ôᱻֱӺ
ҲΪʲôһӵ֮˿ɻû֮ͬߡ
սûκˮܵ˺¿Ժ޹˼ɵĹ̫״ʦֻóԼǿʵԼǿʵĹ뵽֮С
ҲΪϵıȥ
һˮһսһ֪ƣĹÿһζǽ̫״ʦĵˡ
ž
Ҳ֪ٴ֮ƽսꪺ̫״ʦİ׽ȻֱӺ˶ԷĿϡ
ۣ
һڹʽ´˻Ч֮ǰʵҲǳ˶ΣȻǲѶԷİ׽նϵģնϵһǴǿĴ͸̫״ʦĿڡ
൱ӷĹҲΪս֮׻ƽսһ´ڣǿķȻϬģԴӷĹмʻٵԷıǿֱӻĿڲ͸ǣǶԷǿ󣬵⹥·ֱӱϡ
̫ڴʦֱӿѪˮ̾һģղһѾ̫ڴʦˣھǴ޽ǰҲܾ
ˮʵûֱɱԷһʵû֮У˴͸Че⣬ҪȫʩΪЧѿƣһ˲䲢ûҪơ
̫״ʦе㲻ŵĿˮ·𿴵ʲôֲĴһˮһֻĿڣһָֻˮȴһҲû˵ȻӰĵȥ
磬硭
ɱҴ磬ʳŹġ֮ǰǸ̫״ʦԹĿˮ޲ðˮǧУɱˣѾɱˮܶˡ
ɱߺɱ֮Ϊ߾ҪľΪСӹҼңҪѴʳߣԼʲôˣʳҲһΪǳͷˮֵ˾Ͳһȴûг߷緶һ˫С۾װɭգҪǻŴ֮ʦĳƺš


1918 ʦСү
ˮȻ˵Ҳ֪Լ˵ĻϲԣΣӴĴʳȻᶪôӶ޶ԣǰʣµļĴ֮ʦҲеͨ
ˣ֮ǰ鲻֪ΡǸΪ׵ƽ˵˵ôºͣ࣬ȴǲ˸еᣬое
ˮΧǿУһȥ԰Ӻܳܳ󲿷ֶᣬҲ룬Ƿչһ̶ȵȻ
ˮЦſˣʳʵĻҶԴʳûκȤ
ˮĻһҲ֣ϾȻѵõ¶΢Ц˵ҲܶԣʳʵΪɣһɣҲһɣһɽǺ֮ġ
Զֳɱڵʲô˼ѵ㲻ºʦ׷𡣡˵Ǹ̫ڴʦŭĺ
ôҪ𣬺ʦӣʲôϵбȥ˱ȥûʲô飬˭Ҳó˶Ҳǲˬ
ΣǶǴʳˣǹжԼ¶֡
̫󣬲ðСóûãСүңǣΪʦڴʳֻˣЦƺ߶Էָʹӡ
úãһѽ֪ʦϣʱСүܱס㣬ߡ̫ݺݵ˵Ҫ뿪
˵Ҫ𣿡ˮʱȴǿˡ
̫ӰһͷˮȻϱɣǿ˵ôҪɱң
ɱҲ֮ͣɱҵģҾôԵ̫۸ˡˮЦſ̫
СӣҴѾɱˣ̫һָ̫˵
̫ҵָˣһи顣ˮɱȻӰֱ̫˹ȥ
ˮԼɱ̫Ĵ磬Լ֮ǳ׽ˣˮֵʲôΪĿĲֶΣһʵˮﲻ
ϾɱˮǺᳫҲԣرһЩʱǺҪϾɱġ
úݶСӣɱԶͿɱǴʳ𣬲֮ϲϣǶһµģ鴫СүҲס㡣̫ĺ
һγԶɫڱ˱䣬ȻӰһεˮ̫֮䣬̫˵ҲûԼǶǴʳˣȻڼȷʵ鷢ڲôԣ˵ʱǲġ
ˣ֮ǰ鲻֪㿼ǵôʳʵĲʳֻкôûлҲκɣһ󲻵ıԶƺܿˮȰ˵
ô˼ΪҪֹ𣿡ˮûлشԶ⡣
ʵҲڻʱ򣬸Ҹӣܼʳһжӭж⣬ҲõǵİȫʵǺǿһ֮ԿʳĻܶࡣԶֱӵ˵
ˮȻ֪ʳ򵥣ȻôܳưΧأһʳҪǿ󣬾ǱɹҲ˿ѷɫ
ˮ뵽廢ڣ֪廢ڵʵΣܲܺɹȣԼѾʵ׽̨յˣϧȴҲ廢ڵڡ
˼û뷨ҲǴʳƿأƿҵе뷨ϲǣû뷨ˮ΢΢ҡͷ˵
ˮѾʲôʵȻԼΧʵ̫ǿѾһֻչӥѾձضԳΪеİ֮һ
ˮģȻûпɣȻ칬棬պҲûǹҲãʵˮŷֲĹϵɡ
ˮߵѾγɣʳȲλ˲٣ˮѾʵ㹻ŮʵҲѾööжһ
⣬Զ࿼Ǽ죬Ұ㿴òãԶһ˵֪ܱˮԽǱЧֻ෴ԶԼ۹ⲻ˽Բǳ
ˮһµͷã˼ɣ
ˮڸоǲǺʹʳ֮䵽ǲǲݵľ棬ʱƴһòĴ֮ʦˮǺŵġ
ʳڿƶʢʵڲѾìܣ֮ǰԶ˵ˣʳڲɣһǺʦһСүһû˵Ȼܼ֮һҲ򵥣ֵ̫ͨܶ˶Ǹʦľηͳݾ֪һ򵥣ܺ˲µСүԼһܼ򵥵


1919 ɽּң
ߺˮһ˻صãڴҵ黹ǲģϾˮ֮ǰչ¶ʵ˵һս֮ģʵе㲻죬ϾֻܿŰﲻæ
ˮǵ֪ôģЦЦôˣǸ߲İ
ˮǲǺûá
еǷϵ˵
˿˵ˣҲû˵ǿˮ仰ҲʵģϾҪˮһ˿뷨Ҳ
˰ɣÿ˶ҪԼݣӣô˵Ҳս񴫳ߣһʱʲôһҲսģҲԣȻʵȷʵе㲻
ˮǺЦ
һȡһˡ
ָ־ƺʲôϣ
һģȻҪʱ䡣
ˮЦļ
СãʳǸôĴڣʦСүԼһǵ֪١
ˮһõĿ¡
֮Ŀˣ֪ˮûʵһʼ͸оˮû󣬵ϲˮֻ֣֮ǰԼãֱɶСá
ˮŮԹ񣬻˵ˮԹЦſ˻㿡Цʱ¶ǽ׵ݸ˺ů⣬ʵеϢƫƫָһյĸо
ʳֻһΣǴʳףҲһٲʳ飬ڰѳִʳһ֫ͷԼ򵥵ˣ˸ʵǿһСĶӣʴϻ֮ϲСү
֮ͣһ½˵Сү̫֮ӣ̫ӣ˵Ӧü̳ʵ²СүǸСвʦ̫ӵ
ˮЩҪʣû˵֪Ů˻û˵ꡣ
һǻҵˣҶɽ˼Ǵʳһ룬Ǵʳּңڿƺûʲô˵Ѿǿ֮ĩ꣬ƺѾʮԪʮǰѾ˿ʼˡ
֮˵ͣˡ
ˮü˵ʲôˣ
֮ƺҲ⣬֪ˮҪһ˵ʵǻˣʵһӣµˣѾ꣬һǿޱȣȻͷԼ򵥣ȴʵֲܿҲޱȡ
һͷԼ򵥵ôѳֳ
ˮơ
ʵʲô鶼ģĽ
ˮҲˣӦò࣬ǣƣҲǰ취ɻʵʼȻԪ࣬ô²ᴫ˭˭ΪʳأɽʵȻ˵İʳʵȷʵǿҲҶʦ̫ӵǺƣϾʵϵ̫ӣ˵Ӧλֻ̫ΪղбȻŵϤ˶֪˲սթΪ˲бǺɫµûκ
˼ﶷﶼС
ˮĻ֮˵СүСĺӣҲĵһҪʵޱǿΪ֮УļΪֱµǿҲǺܶ࣬ǱõһҲǱ̫ΪвĴڡ
֮У˼
ˮ֪֮Уʵĵ֮һڵ֮ңǿ֮ˮ뵽ԼϵĻ֮ô˵Լţ
ˮںЩ֮ʦЩ˶СүߣСү治򵥣ϾóԶЩ˸ĸһˣ뵽һˮŶ֮ʵСүû
֮ˮһۣΪһСүʮǰѾǰ֮ˡ
СãҲˡ
ˮŶ֮˵
˶ЦĿˮԼһֱڼʲôʥڿԼ̫ԶˣʦҲҺСãǰ־Ѿˡ
˵岻һʵ࣬ϵɢϢͻ˲ȻԲλ࣬һָɽԶֹĸо磬񿴵ǰһЩ׺ݵˣһһŵܲˡ
һֱĵˮ˺ܶ࣬ʳһ̯ʵڲֲ֣ܷģϾŮ˶Ƕ뿪ֻպǹĻҵ˵ļҲ
Ҫǣӱܲˮİ·Щӱû£򲻵ѻǲҪӱܣ˵Ӱܴ
ɲӱܾҪѡһӪȻжԣûӪᱻжԣˮҲҪչԼʵύһЩǿߣҲˮһԭ
ڰ˭Ҫֻһԣɹ˺嶾ɹӦҲҪˣ黹бҲ˵׼ˮ֪ʳܿͻᱬһɵ͵ڲìܡ


1920 ֮Ĵ磬ʵ
˵ˮٶôģĵҩŪЩϡŹֵʵ飬ָһ˵ΪԼҽһЩǵʣȹһǵĸ
һҲʮ֣һˣܶ࣬ЩһŲҿ·Ӧһطģ·ɫ½һƴ̣ܾ£һЩӣЩ˵ɫͬвͬģӶǺڰ׵ģͬ
ɹ
Ҳ֪ɹˣЩͷһ꺺ӣ޳˸оܸߣ뷢еɢңܲɣ˸оܸɾ
ɣվһǿѹȷеͣͲ̫
ʵˮˣΪʵںʱҪܳôʱţʱǲ٣ʸҪһ֮ǰûгɾͻϾ군ˣɵ̫ˡ
֮󻹿Կٵһ֮ǰﵽһ۷壬֮һۻҪһĴԵǿǿҲܺ£ǧϹΪµĳ;飬ôԼǿԻΪá
һ㶼ǸͣʱҲܳ죬ʵѾɣһ˵۷ʱ̣ΪԭͻƲͻƶһƽڣºһǸеĶˣܵҲˣƽʱһ㶼֮ˡ
ʱںҪԣһЩҲĺܿ϶ܿ͸ʱЩ˻ƺѾûʲô׷ʵǿ󣬼Ҳᣬ檳Ⱥﶼǰӵɱᾡա
ǰˮоڰ㣬˸һǷвʧĸоаһͷҵĳһ˵ĳ
ˮ˵ʱ˺Ͷ֮һЩƣоӦеϵЩаˣΪףʮˣЩ˵ʵ̫״ʦֵй֮޲
ɹǺֱʣǰĸֲ١
磡
ʱ򶫷֮˳ĵĽеȻѸٵ˹ȥ
С
֮￪ĵıסˣϾǿģǳණ֮Դ
ˮһ߿ţ֮һˣʱǰȴСŮһ
þ֮󣬶֮ɿˣ˼Ŀˮƺ֮ǰӺʧ̬һȻˣ磬Ҹһ£ˮҺü
ãл־СãԺл
˿˵
ˮЦҡҡͷãҾÿûдʲôлʱվͬһӪְҲӦõģȿ
Сȥ鲻ٲ֡
ˮͷ֮ȻŶ֮˵
磬Ҳ뿪ģʳﻢ񣬻嶾ɹӦҲ֣Ƕо֮Ҫһԡ
֮һȥɫһ˵
ʳ嶾ɹɹ˿Ҳﲻæȥɣԣ
º͵˵
ʹһԿǡ
֮ɫе㲻Ȼǿ˵
ˮʱЦĻȥɣﲻµġ
ˮĻһ㶣СôǿţǰʵΪ˴߶֮ڱ˵ĺûйϵ
ᣬ棬ʱҪһ㣬һ㣬ȻʧԼܳܵģԼǰʵ̫֣ʳ嶾ɹһǺǵġ
ˮ֣γȣ뿪һҲ뿪
֮˭ܿ˵ȥǲˣЩֶΡ
С
˵ʱڶ֮Ĳһֱ࣬˹ȥ
ˮ΢ЦſˣûֹҲû˵ʲôܿ˶Զ֮ûж⣬ܳ谮ΪѪǿˮ׵֪á
Һ˽ҲܲһԼ޷ãɣҾ㣬Ҫʲô
ʱˮüͷ
ˮˣû뵽ôֱӣԷҪ뿪ˣ˵ʲôǰǴ߶֮ԼǶ֮ľ˾ô뿪е˵ȥǰԼһЩ˵ƶò뿪
ˮ̸ʲôƽĵͷҲҪʲô㲻ǷʲôһĸԸĺ뿪
ԥһڶ֮ϵһ£Ȼ󶫷֮˹һѹܼˮھˡ
ֳȥɣﲻʲôæЩӦ֪ԱҲûãʧȥʶ뿪ȥɣԺǻټġ
ˮЦ˵
֮ﻹ˵ʲôˮڰ֣߰ɣ뿪ȷġ
˵ˮתȥҲˮȥˡ
һڿеõãСãĲõԱһⶼûС


1921 ּ
磬ΪʲôҪ
֮ܵ˵Ŀһֱˮʧôš
˿Ŷ֮˼һԼÿˣ˿ܲ򵥣ԼСÿ۵ģǵһͷһЦˣɱʳʦܼ򵥵
ǲǺ޴粻飬ûζΣֻԼ
΢ЦſŶ֮
֪пԣҵԶһᡣ
֮ͷҲص˵
ϲ
Цʵ
֮һع˺һᣬһ˼ң֮ǰʵûʶ⣬û룬ΪĳעԼĻ¡
˵޷ϲ˻߱ϲΪͽʹ࣬˻һ㣬˼尲ŵĻ֮⻹ȢˣָǸޣĺڼĵλߵġ
½ȻŮƽȣˮоǰֲ࣬ŮһϱǰɣֻǶ˵Ϊ˿Թ檣ŮȴҪһգŮ˵ĵλʵһеļ峤Ůˣһ֮ҲŮˡ
ǿŮҲٸĿŵˣȻûôһᱻۣϺܶͷΣȴǿһˣҲֻһŮˡ
Ҳܶ࣬½ʵһһҲռܶ˵ģ˵Ů˳Ǻ㣬ر㣬ȻѴﵽ̶ֳȣϾȱľŮˡ
Ҳһжչȴûκͼˡ
֮ͣһ˵
ô֪ûͼ
Цʵ
ҽƾ˫Ϊһ̳Ʊȱ㿴ߵŮÿһ֮ɫҲƯǰȴҲһơ
֮￴Ц
ҲƣСҲֻ˵ƽɫ
ЦҲ𺳣һѾӰ쵽СãСúû˵Ǹ˵ĺãһ˵ôࡣ
Ҳ֪ͼʲô
˱˵ɹģ֪ǣ˫۾ܺãԿ˽ĳɾ;Բֻǰһزùָоһܹȥ
СãʵǲҪӱܣǰס嶾ɹ
ʱ˵
Ϊʲô֮ǰ˵
Ǵ˲˵˵˺ǷһЩ˵á

ˮ˻صãˮûиоʲôףûаϣɹ˲󼺣ԶǸ˵ûио֣һܶ࣬ԼûаյҲװ
ˮö֮Ϊѣ֮ǰ뿪ģʵ˵Ͷ֮֮䲢ûʲôϵʶҲûжã֮ﻹϲˮˮҲּŮˣƯĺŮ˶ˣŮ˭ϲϲһӵУһһôమĹ
ˮ֮ǰǸˣǸǿˣоԷַǳˣҲ֮ˣôӦԼĿԣ˦˦ͷ׿ЩҪȡ
ڶһˣˮЩּҵˣڶԷ֪֮ͨġ
ԷҲͲʮ˲ͷǸ꺺ӣĿ࣬һףòȴһ˿źͺ㣬һȴദˣٸоġ
֮ǰ֮ʦ뿪ʱоǸСү֣߻֪ͨԼû뵽ɽּһǰΪҲǺ
ˮҲ֪ôͻȻ˼֮£ĶӦ£Լİɡ
ˮûЩ˽ȥԼ˳ո˵ֱߵԷǰĲԶ
ɣ
Ϊ׵Ǹ꺺΢Ц˵Ѻá
λôƺ
ҽϣܸ˼
ҵˮˡ
ˮЦɡ
Ҿдһֵܡ
ã֣֪ǰֵΪ£
ˮֱʵ
Ҿֱ˵ɣʦСү㣬ֵ֪ʲô㣿
˵Ŀˮ
ˮе㾪ȵģСүԼֵ֣ǺʦϾԼѾɱ˺ʦʦ˵ӦúԼŶԡ
ںʦ˵ʦʲôʧʦҲֵá
ƺˮľϽ˵
ˮûнӻֻǺĿϡ
Ǻǣұôֵܣںˣָо˭Ҳֵܵġ
ˮϲɣһֹҲԵʧȥɣ˵ǲͶ˭ֻҪ·߾Ͳһ·
˵ˮҲ֪ϵ⣬ԼԼ֮ıע⣬Ǹˮоʵǿᣬĳɾһ


1922 ҽҽ
Ҳ˵˵ᱻ˭
ˮЦ˵ϡ
ǵҲǣֵܣ˶һ࣬һ㱻˭ĻҸҶ϶ĿǱŮŮ˻Ůˡ
ƺǴȤ˵
֣ú
ˮ룬ȻֻΪһѶһ·οԷּҵˣȻԼʱκһôõľٲܽԷ
˵ڶ෽£Ǿȫ񣬿˭ʵѾȫų⡣
ˮ֪ԼͬǶûԱȷʵ˵ϵˣͬȻûĽ֣ˮоԼԱеġ
ҺֵһʣŵĻҺ⡣
΢Ц˵
룡
˽ȥãǻȥˣһ߽ãˮϲĸ߿˼֣Էʵǿ󣬵ֻظˮá
˵ּҽ£иݵġ
ˮ߱Ц˵
֪ˮ˼Ц˵ּΪƣֵּ֪ȻǰɽڴʳĻȨûκ˼ʱ㼴ʹʲôҲҲᱻ˱Ƶ˿ڡ
Ӱб㡣
ˮЦ˵
ˮǿʲôʶҲоģ˽̸ȻҪϣһЩϵĻҪ˵ģ˵໰ҪʲôΣʵͷ֧Ʊ硣
ֻܶʱ˵ľ룬Ҳý̸õĽȥ
л
ˮ£ó̳ƣֱӴɾó̲ȣɾıʹȻ˵Щȷ·һҲϺõľƣݵĴҶࡣ
ۣ㣬Ժ󴽳㣬ĸоֱ˳źֱβǣһԵĸоֺİŮһ˶ﵽ۷˲о
ֱһƾˣʱȻ˺þƣּǴʳİɽеĺþƲûкȹԵľƣ䱭ӣǳɫľˮʤա
ָоִϵϵУ̫˼飬Ҫǻϴĸо
ˮЩƵģϵȵҶӣɾһƬде񣬻񣬺Ȼкƺơ
ô
ˮϵɫЦʵ
룬ԣһǵһκȵĺþƣֱӵ߸ǰԾƵʶֵܣӦԼƵİɡ
ûعĵ˵
¾㵷һЩˣЩԲġ
ˮ˵ְϽƱ
Ͽһ¾Ӽһ˵ֵز˷ŵ֮ǰֻζѾʳָˣһԲ֪ǳʶˣҲˣʵ׷֮ϲľʳɫˣʵ⻰ƺеϻΪٷ־ʮŵӦö׷
ϲ˵ԱµζʳΧԶĵطóԵĶƷ֪ԭҲܳԵ־磬Ҳơ
ϵϢҲǺͨģ֪˵ʵǿҽǿǿƺڳһҲǿޱȣκһѾԳΪˡ
֮ǰˮе㻳ɣϾһˣһͨѾǲˣ֪֮ǰԼʵе԰ˣСµš
ֵܣ֪ʲôܰġ
Աֱ˵֪ˮһҲûС
ٷ϶ˮӡȫıˣԼһҪ˸ùϵ۾ǳ˾ǽۡ
ֿ˿ҲͲĨˣҲѾ̯ˮˣҵļѾյвұ鷳ֲκװɡ
ˮЦ˵
ףֻǲֵ֪ҪʲôĽ
ƺĵʵ
ȻֻСүļԼʦļһνӴֻһεıȽϵĻҸоСүȽ϶
ȻʣǾ˵ԷгǸԼӦҲи˽⣬ˮּϣǺܴʵֻҪһЩʱ䱣֤ߵ˳ɳԵõһЩ˵չˡ
˵ʵҪᵽʦ˽ǲܵģϧһԶһ׵㣬ðգնݲǺΣյģһöһЩǿӳȥǿɾͲܰˣĴǲʹġ
ʱҲء
ˮ⣬̫ˣҲԭҲôʳ˹ǣһʱ䶼ĬˮһЦˣˣѣԺǶ߶ʲôҪæľܿڡ
ˮ뵽棬ԼûбҪκһԼҽʦ˵һ޶ҽʦڽǸܱ֤ԼûûֵģֻҪ֪ԼԼôԼ
ȻҽʦҲǻ˵ģڵһǿҽʦǲóֵģֵʵ̫ˡ
һˮƺҵԼķ
ҽҽ


1923 ҽ
ˮԼˣ˵ΪЩʵܵ˵ǹȥûôõԼҽԼߵˣҲǰߵЩҩʲôġˮѾûйˣٺʵѾһģҲˮ͸ǷˮƽǸʱڶˮĺôҲǾ޴ġ
һҽٺҲǺģѰ˺һļбˮҪ󣬲ڶļˮǺܴģôˮо̫˷ˡ
ѾܾûпˣûжӪҵˣһЩ֢ʵûа취ģŻðǰҽҲܾҲ֪ʲôʱʼΧõˣҲΪʲôһЩðյؿá
ˣˮ֪ԼĿˣҽΪҪһǰͬʱãܳΪһصĴڣԺԼĶ־ͻСˣһͬС
ͬԩңȫеͬлԺֻҪͬԶԶ˦öԷʶʲֻҲͲΪˡ
ԷʱˮŴ˵һõĴţӪҵ
ˮ˾ȵģȴǿĵ˵Ҿ֪һ죬Ӱ
һȴ¶ɣ۾һҽʦҽҽʦһҽʦģΪֱ̫Ҳ䵽Ǹ³øˮ
ҽ츣һĴڣҪκκйϵκһ
ˮ΢Ц˵Ҫǿһ
ˮϿ˻Ǻ׼ģһպĳɾҲǲȻǾҽ·ϣѾ㹻ˡ
һĵͷˮ仰Ӱ컹ǺܴģȻͨļ仰һһĳ֮ͣǰȻҲôģ뷨һȵĵػķչȶĸϴúп߲ܵ㹻ߡ
ˮֱӰػɸֽ֮ǰĸ˲֪ٱ
ԹһҳıھͱʾѾӪҵˡ
ΧһΧ˶Ҷ֪ÿҵˣ¿ҵˡ
ڿҵˣЩɱǧʲôϵʲôϵƵùôš
һ˱Թ˵
ǣǸûֵģÿŵһ⵽Ӧ
̾˷ϡ
˵ǲǸõ˲ˣԲÿŵء
Ҳ˵׼þԲơ

ܶ࣬ˮĶУԴ󲿷ֶˣԷ˺ܴı仯һı仯һƾ磬̨Ȼ̨ǰ䣬ȥ⡣
ôһССı仯ǿģˮȴǸоԼıʶ΢ı仯΢ı仯еĻܶŷ޴ı仯ͷ·ľ괺һһůĸоѸٳȫһޱĸоӿȥ
һεľ𾳽˿Ҫǿǿģһľͷˣûʲô仯ѾǸˡ
¿ţϾмܳʱûпˣϣҽҩҲֻӦһ㣬һЩĿȫѡ
ˮ
½ҲһЩǰģˮҲһЩԼһӳҵȣǰ˲Ǻܶ࣬Щˮġ
٣
ˣˮ֡
ôӭ
΢Ц˵
ˮôҲܰѻٺǰĻغһμԽԽǻģֻ仯Ҳʵ̫ˣˮҲ¶΢Ц˵ʵʵͦӭġ
ˮԼоԼ̬ķ˱仯Ҫ֪ҲΪˮŮ˷ĳͻʱĻǸүʱǨǻԼоԼܺЦҲܰ׳ա
ڵĻ٣ʶұǰ̫ˣһһҲǴŴҷ緶
ǰˮоԲͻٴʲô֮ǰĽӴҲһֳԣȴǺ֮ǰͬĸоƽģʱһ̲ˮǿҲ޷󺣵ĺ
ˮҲûʲô飬Ծͺͻȥõ档
Ųˮһ¡
˵ɣܲǾΪÿŰɣ
ˮЦ˵
Ǻǣ֪㣬Ǵҽġ
ٺȿڲЦ
ŶϴΪ˶ʦΪ˭
ˮѾ֪֮ҵԼ⻪ٵԭ
֪֪𣿡
ٿˮЦ

ˮһ㶻Ǿȵˣ֮ǰ˵εˣҲĿǰƿشʳˣо˵ƺе򵥣ѵҽ


1924 ²⣬ǿ
ˮһ˲ĺܶ࣬Ȼ֮ǰᵽ࣬ˮȴǼסˣϾڵĴʳƿأǲļ򵥣λÿ϶Ĺ֮ٵͷǰ
֪֪֪ʲô
ˮʵ
֪һ㡣
ˮҲ֪⻪ڵһˣǶ֮һɵģ֮ӦǺʦһɵģˮоƺûô򵥣⻪ٵԽԽˡ
ٽ˵ӦӵģҲ֪ôˣͻȻƺЩ仯ӿһ㣬оԼӲʹ
ˮڸˣҪ֪˵һ⣬ÿ˶ΪԼɵɵҲΪԼɵɵ֪ԼɵĻǾͲɵˡ
һҲΪԼӲʹǲĶΪԼֻĲѣѵòᣬԼӲʹǣ
ͻȻоԼӲʹǺֵģرͷϼ򵥵ˣ͸ˡ
ҿҽΡ
ˮЦ˵ôõһͻˮŹʳͻȻӴˣټǿʵ֪ᷢʲô
Ǻãʱټ
΢Ц˵
뿪ˣϵҲǻָ糣ѻָĿҵһҲûڵҲãȱǮҪǮƽһЩȻҲԣʵûÿС
β˲ֹǮһʹҲһֹ¡
ĻβҲǿˣЩǮۿӣҪǮǮҪͣǸʲôû٣Ҫǿˡ
ڶʱˣͷһһĴ󺺣ˮһɫҲһ䣬Ϊˮ֮ͨ¿ͷϷһС̫һĹΣú
ˮͨԿһЩ˵񣬵һЩʺһЩ⴫У쿴⾰ǵһΣˮ֪ǲͨʱͻƻֱڲſһЩĴڡ
ˮЩ֪ʶڣܿ⣬Ǿʹ˵񲻴һ󸻴󣬶С̫һΪһۡ
󺺱ˮ߰ͷ࣬ɫƲϺڣҲƲϰףҲʲôͭɫ಻ȳƣĿӲʣһ˫۾һ˿ϣֻһ˿ɺɫʡ
ˮĻʱ֪󺺵ˡ

ֲ֮񣬲һ뵽Ϊһۣ˵ɾ;ԱڵĴʳʻҪţƣһˮƺҵ˴𰸡
ԼֻҪôһӦöӭж⡣
ﲢûǿվڵˮٵͷʹǾ˽
Ҹܣλˣ
æǰ˵
˻ٺ֮⣬ˣϵ֣̬ӣſĻɫӣϵĺȻԶǸǿЩǴʳĹʦ̫Ϲʦʵܶ˼ҲһʦˣǱһĴʦλҪߺܶġ
ãˡ
ˮ΢Ц˵
ˮ;ȵķͷʱرĺһЦã㿴ġ
ˮû뵽󺺲˵ʱϣһ˵С֣ܵ۾ȴӦúģɵˮͨۿ󺺡
һˮˣ¹ˣ
ƣǰˮֻ˵ֶ置Уֻ˵ûмһֱŲŵͷΪ˵ֶ̫ˣֲ̫ˡ
ˮǸʱһӾͱĳơ
󺺵Ѿʳ֮һˣˮоֲܻţȥ󺺹ƻʮʮ
˭µѣΪʲôѣ֪
ˮعǽȥˮһֱ⣬Ӧúǿ󣬲֪֪֪ѣˮѾ֪Ѿܾˣ֪أ
²ˮͻȻ󱳶һ䣬²ˮһ󵨵ļ裬ѵʣѵһ̴壿
֮ǰôΪˮţҲܿʳֲõʳ
ˮͷѸٵȥһͷָ֪ԼҪĴ𰸡
Ѱɣ
ϵ첲ˮ棬۾ˮ˺ܾãʵˮôҲѾ֪ˣˮڸʵõĽȴˮһ
ʵֲһֵ󹦣ԵˮܲԷȷʵѾﵽˮʵӦòࡣ
⻹ʵɱʹóԼܱɱ


1925 ʧɣ
ˮöû˵Ҳûʲô仯ƺҲƽʣµ˴ʼ϶ûгһ˿ı仯
й˰յʱˮŻջ֡
Σ
ʱ򻪶ٿʵ
ˮڶڻٵҲǺܺ棬ȻڣĹϵӦòֻǲ֪ʲôϵ
ˮûϻشȻ
ʱЦ޷֪ΣȻκˣ˵޷
Լ˽٣
ˮʵ
Ҿͷۣۣ۵ȥģҶֲּȥĸоÿʹʱӻѣƽʱֻججֲкʵҿĶܿͻǣǰĶҲʱʱޡ
˼һ˵
ʱˮо״̬ǲģˮҲֱ˵иڳӣѾ֮һңʮңᳬʮͻ߳Ϊһˡ
ˮĻûٺ߶𣬵ˮƺѣ˵ֻеʵֲ壬еججɵЩϾҲ
һЦû뵽ʮĥҲҷģҪңҳΪ˼ΪЧ
ĻˮһԼĲ²ǶԵģʱˮû˵ôĵƽ
֪ܲΣҲΪ㣬Ҳǵһҽˡ
ƽˮʵ
ˮԷеϣԷĻǺܿŵģЦ˵ΣȻе鷳ǿΡ
ˮĻһЦ֪ôҿСֵָܾоŶ鲻ҽСֵܡ
ԴˮҲ죺ҵңҾմմĸ
ҵңܸоҵĹˣߣȾƣβҲܡ
ѵ˵
ϸ磬Ұκˣеʱ䣬ãֺóԵģҲܺȡ
ˮϽס
ˮԼĴ㣬ȻҵԼ·ҪԼ뷨ȥǿҽʦøػɱ˸ö֣ԼҲɱ֮С
һˮֻӡסĹƳ棬ˮ֪вйƣˮڽƳ棬ȻԼ֮ĻָĴԡ
ǸḶ́ˮðգȻҲƣ³⣬ȹ̣˳۲졣
ӡסǹƳӲٱʴˮ޸ָ
ôһ̺ȥˮʱ䣬Щ˵ףȴǺѡ
ϸ磬Ҫһʱ䣬ڿԱ֤Ժ㲻ٳǰʹѾʼ޸Ԫ񣬰ȡǸƳһҪһЩ׼
ˮһ˵
̫ˣϵܣǲ֪ʹǲܡ
һԲٳǰʹ㿪ĵ˵
ˮЦЦʹ֪ҲûгԹǲܣʱ˽ѣ̫ʹˣֱʹʹ
첻ˣٺһֱ⣬ûˣ׼ЩԵģŪһЩ÷ƣϾƶҲкôٲǵһκˣÿζǸоƮƮɡ
ϵܣԽԽ͸ˣϳԵķ˲ȵľҲɽ֪ҵϵֱܼϵµĲ𡣡
Ա˵
ˣ죬һԵȽõġ
ˮЦ˵
Ļе֪ѣ̫ˣҪʳһʱ䣬ȻǰķǺٳȥˡ
ѵЦ
ϸԶ೤ʱ䶼û⣬ǿԱ֤ġ
ˮ⵹˵󻰣ɾдµʵ̫ˡ
ȴҡҡͷٺõĶҲһֱƷͣҸоûһܡ
ˮڶеֿĴˣȻ򵥣ȴǺе

ʳһݻĸۡУһӢϵɫȲȻ˵˵ȥã
ˮһᾪȵķ֣ǰǱˣʽ֮ǰ֮ʦеĳԶ
ǵģү
Զ˵
ϣȥãҲоܲκ
˾СүӢ죬һɫ˵Ĺһ˫Ҳ۾Ͷ֮ɢһְ
үǸ˺ܲ򵥣κˣôʵѪͰ׷ˣʱָһᱨҡ
Զü˵
ˮһᾪȣӵһͷˮܻô֮ʦˮٴδȻڵжԵĹϵĻҲΪùؼƳ˭µģֻ֮ǰˮĲ²⣬ôʳĻˮдۿˡ
Զʦְɣʧ
Сүԥû˵


1926 Ůǻˮ
Զʦְɣʧ
Сүԥû˵˵⻰СүüͷҲĺܽûаˮһȻλãҲڵˮûдﵽŵһȻλãһҽʦҽСүûļʶ˽ˮҽﵽһʲô̶ȡ
СүȻûټʲôҽ֮ģҲȱҽ֮ˮѾвĸȻҪ
һбˣԺӹܴʳڱصã̫ûаԼǸ翴̫ߡ
үǲеðգǸ˾ǧѵһţڵʵҲֲܿǺûʧǽǵĴΣˡ
ԶҲü˵
ŶǿƺĺˣĸоǲǳĺãϵʱԽԽá
˿ųԶ˵
˺رǿҵĺȻ֮ҪһôˣҸоıһǿҽܺã洫ҽ˫үһǲҪ֡
Զ˵
˳Ĭˣ֮ǰҪûж룬ûо˶ô㣬ںͳԶһ¸о˿ǲȻҲóԶۣҪ֪Զ˺޵ģνŶûóԶôõۡ
СүֻΪˮǸҽҽʦٸԾʹڿǺܺãǲģҲ֪ܲκ
βãڣҪκãԼҪϧκδˣȻָôʳױ߸
һ뵽Сү͸о䡣
Զ֪ܲκޱȰҲҪ졣
СүųԶص˵
ǣү
ˣ죬һǰãҪԿεһ淨
СүԸԶоǲĵ˵

ˮﻹ֪ʵиƻ˵ģԼȻ˵޵УҲ˭ģƾԼڵʵҲʵн˵ˣοԼǿҽ
ǻһɺӵıҲѾʼ𵽲ãҪǺʵսĻ񵲱еҲûЧ
ڶˮСүһ۾ϳŵ˾СүվǳԶ֮ʦˮļ仹Ǻģϵơ
ҲȣֻǺ˺ܶ࣬ȻҲǿ󣬵䣬еһɭˮоıʡ
ˮ뵽С̫һǴģΪǲγһС̫һ״˱£ܳԴ̳࣬˲̣Ҫдǻۡ
ֻһˮѾ˺
֮ǰˮ׵һ˲͸Լ˷򣬲ҪװԼκУԼأԼҲҪֽ磬ȴֳȻ⡣
һжҪʵʵҽ
ˮСֵܣ
ԶˮĵĴк
ˮԶ¶ĵ΢Ц˼ǰСӾϲ
СүˮϱҲһ㵣ȻѾˮᣬû뵽ôᣬЩĵģڹĵˮܲƺ
Ҹ£ǻүõҽʦ
Զ΢ЦΪˮܵ
ү
ˮЦŴк
ᣬΪ
΢Ц˵
ˮдԣֺصĸо˺׵ŷһǿо
үˣ
ˮкСүͳԶ߽
ˮλǣ
ߵſ庮ҷˮ˱Цʵ
ҷǻү
ˮЦ˵
庮ҷСүкˮһ߿Сүеľޣһ˿̰ͼʣˮǺ⣬Ͼ庮ҷĻ񼶱Ůо޺̰Ǻֵ顣
Էһһ˵Ҳûʲô飬ɶԷһˣǾͲһˣһԼϲ˻߶ôͻ׷ȥôȥõ
СүҲ΢Цź庮ҷкʵ;磬ȻϲҲֲҪ̡֪
ҪݵʱһҶŮôӺԺ˽һ˹ɫһþСүҲʧˣľɫһѾ漣ˣһӳ˵ĳ޷ݵġ
˵ı̰ģһһһ֮֮һ֮µĵޱǿҵģرڻү䣬׶ȫ۷ʱڣеĽһֱѾʼ𽥵ˡ
СүԿЩŮ˺˹ϵǲһ㣬ԼʵǿλߣԼоҲ˧ЩŮֻڸԼ
뷨Ѿռ˻үģɫһȱٵ׷ʵԽԽǿ


1927 ֻҽ
ˮʶȻɫޣȷĸоһ˿̰ȴǿңҲˮһ˿бȫˣɷƵСүͳԶŮûнȥ˷£ˮûԷʲôˮҲûиоСүûпϾ¾һˣǰǸɫŮ˱Ū󲻻κ£ܿס˲ࡣ
ڶСү˵ͺ࣬ǿԼظӷȻǿֻǿƲƵ⣬ˮߵļŮÿһǵߵļҲҪһԭ
ˮݱСүߣʵҲǿСүҲˮŮ˵ע⡣
Ϊоˮûǿûݣû˧ᣬҪ֪ڵСүǺģʮһٶ겻ʲôоˮҲ˺ܶ࣬ټһˮҪҽҲСүһֵܳɡ
֪СүɱˮͷѾռϷ磬һ˿
ү˼Ҳ֪ǰΪ£
ˮЦųԶ˵
ˮСֵܣдһϸˣ˼̫Ť
Զѵ˵ҲˮСһ£û뵽Ĵ֮ʦһ档
Ǻãϸ硣
ˮҲûᣬСүѾˮԶȻǴ֮ʦֱҲˮ䱸ΪСүѾΣյϢ
ԶСүˣСүʲôôԶһӡ
Ĳ飬Ҳܹ
Сүʱ΢Ц˵ˮһһǿ̬
СүݺҲûʲôףֻˮ֪Сүһ˿ͼ֮ͲˬˣҲԼǰ̲סЦûбʲô
ʱˮĺܶ࣬Сүƽѯʣ˵ǹĲ飬е̫ĵɫˮ׽һ˿Ѱν²ؼؼңҲԭСүɫ仯ˮܵˡ
ı֣ӦӦи
ˮ˵
ˮ˵ЩҲһµģʵشҲֻҪҽʦӦвٶϳ
Сүıϳֻǹϳҽʦǲơ
ǲ֪ҽʦܲκ
豭˵ͷһڲ衣
ˮ˼ƺѣпԶüͷһˮƺ֪дˣһбϾֻǲ²⣬ȻŻ˵Σ
СүҲһ㶣λ߲Σ𰸻һͻеɱѾеˣΪβǲΡ
ˮڵһʱ͸ܵɱ⣬һɱĿ죬ȥҲ죬˻ΪǴˮ֮ǰĹ۲͸ϢѾԽԽоԼĲ²ȷġ
Ϊ֪û뷨ȥҽ
Сү΢Цˮ˵̬ȻϾͺܶ˸о֦е֦
ʳҽʦĸ߲ξҽٻԼʳҩݶʹõȨ˵ҽĺôǾ޴ģҽʦһ롣
Сүоˮ޷ܾôõ飬ϾӦǾʳϾҽҲǿԸ˿۸ñӵģҽܴܴ
ֻҪӦҽԼҽʱԼͿҽϾԼ棬⵽ʱԼкܶ취ߵŮһŪ֡
ʦʳҽøԤκֻҽˡ
ˮ΢ЦžܾСү
ˮһʦŻǺõģҲˮԲˬһϾͬԼ̳ԼʦӦҲ򵥲һЩϹ붯ԼĻҲҪһ¡
СүһôҲû뵽ˮܾԷ룬Ҫ֪ɱ붼벻ģþλһʱܷŭԼһ·СôϵǾֻʹñİ취ʧˡ
ٿǿǣҺгġ
СүĬһ΢Цʵ
лүôأǸҽʦβ˲ʲô鷳ҲܵԼ
ˮ˵
Զʱˮ˵СϵܣΪҽ󲻻ܵʲôԼֻкôûлġ
ˮųԶҲ֪кȻҲԲǺˣ˵ҲǺ˺ͻ𣬸ΪվڸԵӪⲻܹǡ
СүԳԶ˺أʳڶʦиԵӪȻҲһЩûӪģ˵ڹʦڴʳҺܶ࣬˭Ͳ֪ˡ
ɢˣϸ粻ҪΪֵˡ
ˣ֪֪ҽʦҲɱ֮ġ
Сү̧ͷˮ˫۾һ̲ˮɢһ˿⡣


1928 壿
ˣ֪֪ҽʦҲɱ֮ġ
ˮСүĻȴЦˣȻ΢ЦСү˵үвҡ
ˮĻСүһѿав㣬㹻ʸв𣬲û˵ˮ˵һʵǸˣҲ뿴һ·
һߣ֮Ѳ̫ܿأȻҪһпܵ׼ϲɣϲ˱ϢǸҽߡҽ쾭塣
ˮʱѾʲôСүûκκøˡ
СүȻҲˣβֻԶɫеѿˮ̾΢΢ҡҡͷ
ȻǾͲˣϣһаá
Сү˵תߡ
ˮɫһƬ䣬вввСүıӰ˵Ҳϣүá
СүӰһͷˮ˫۾ʱݣһֻǣˮеɱΣû˵ʲôת뿪ˡ
ԶͷˮһƬӣû˵ʲô
Сү뿪󣬼Ů˶˿û˵ˮ֮ǰСүӴҶˣ˭֪ˣһֶԸá
ҲõģֻҪǸҾȫ
ˮν˵ڵʵҲ˭ġ

ҹˣСүΪ׵һˣŻʣһɲƣü֮һѷȻѾӽģˣǹ֮Ǻʢ
ˣ
˵СүϹŵ΢Ц˭Цûʲô׽
ǰ˾Ǵʳ̫ӣ˵˳Ĵʳļ̳ˣСүˣʮţĲ˵ˣ֮˭֪˭ʲôֱ˵ɡ
˺ܸɴ࣬Ҳ˵ģҶ̫Ϥˣһ̶ϻǶ֣̫Ȼܲˬʳλ˳ģԼֵ֮ܲ鰵ʵŻֻҪһлԲԼĻλ
ҪģȻʱ군λҲ֮֡
СүҲûІֱ˵
̫ӵüͷ𣬿Сү˵ɣô¡
ҪҺпκá
Сү˵Լҵ鶼ֻҪ˵Ϳˡ
̫ӿСү˵ÿκ
ļʵܶ˶֪̫ӾкĵһҲ֪ҽˣ֮ǰ˿̫ˣҲ֪ܾ̫̫ˣЩûһκãԽҲͲôˣļӻһҲɡ
һҲ֪Ҳ֪õһˣһҽʦԴӿʼûзϡ
СүĻһ
ȻСүǶģһ̶ϻһµģô˵ǶڻҵģڶϻһµģҲСүĵƭԼοԼ΢һ
Ǹõ˵ºܺΡ
СүˮĻ̫ӡ
˼˵кܴϣˡ
̫ӵüĸˡ
úܲ򵥣ҴŵҽҲǺǿǸҽɹǸѾͷǱκõġ
Сү̫Ӽ˵
ãһҪʧʮţӦ֪κǺӦ֪
̫˪
ҽôǰôá
Сүͷ޳̫ӵĻ
ʮţ˵鲻ʲô£һ𣬿Ӧòô򵥣ĪСʲôɽ
̫Ҳɵӣô򵥵ĵȻġ
ɽּȥãཻƺǢ
ּҹȻҲͼıּҼҴҵ󣬻Ǽ֡
ֹˣҪּ֪Һ֮ǰҲཻҲƳ籸
Сү仰̫һֱŵüͷˡ
ô˵Ҫã֪
̫ӿСү
κδ۶Ҫֻʹĸˡ
̫һ㶣ԥһµͷһȥʹô
磬иССҪ󡣡
Сүͷ˵
̫ӿСүԣƺȤŶʲôҪ󣿡
мˣҿ˼
СүεЦЦ
ʮŻôС׳־Ů˸ˡ
̫ӹЦ
ҪôһҲĸԸ˵˲ɽ硣
СүƺҲΣ֪ԼһŵʣһʱԼϾ̫ӣһһжǱܶ˹עš
ǿõһǹɫˣɲðգ绹һ䣬ЩŮ˶ǸСӵŮˣһСĿɾһغˡ
̫ǹĵѵ
İɣôʲôŮûвٶҵĳˣڻǷ²˳٣ȥ󻤹ɣ


1929 ʳܴʮꡭ
СүȻ֪̫ӲĹ֪̫Ӻ޲Ů˶ƤϣϾֵܣǵжԣһϻһµġ
һʹԺǻʼ԰֣ŨдеĻľЩľߴ׳ï֦ܵҶס·һεĴһ
һ岽һڣڵϻ߰ߵĲӰ
ȻѾٺǣСү̫ʦһֱߵ˺԰
һС͵Ĺţխžͬʱ߹￴ƺܼ򵥣Ҳû˰֣ܰΧȴźܶĻݣˮڵĻһᷢвٵҩݡ
ߵСү̫Ѿ̧࣬ʾͣڹС֮⡣
棡
̫ӺСүС˵Ǻܴ
û˴𻰣˾һֱȺûһҲûһ㲻ͷŹ˰յʱ䣬洫һϵ
ǣ
̫ӺС˲Ӧһ߽Сš
߽Сܷ֮ĵطܴܴﻨȫΨһȴûľҲǣľЩݱסͲˡ
·һҩ԰һгҩ㣬ЩСı鲼УСĳ߿ܶҩݻѾ˺ܶСһЩ۷ȥ
һ˰ĸоվ˿ȴɱǳ裬ǲٻ
СԺһּįԶֵĳǳأ·Լһˣ·Ǿֹһ
Զһϣһ̬ӵ棬΢΢ҡڣȺСԡе˿ôİꡣ
̫ӺСүߵ˴ʮ׵ʱͣȻ
ʱڻ۾һ˫ޱ۾ɣƽһ̶ˮƺûʲôκһȤ
ϲƣһһذ׵ӣ¶һ˫ݹᾣ˹ͷƤ
ɣ
˵㣬ֻ˵ĻһоһĹ֮ˣĻо˵仹Ǻܴ
ǻҵ棬м治֪̫ӺСܽӴһ棬ǵ棬ҲǵϣҲ˵ǻʳ鲻Ҫ
һȻûеʳҲˣǰÿöÿǰҪһöˣôͲˡ
̫ӺС˼ʮöѾǵĴˡ
ƾûʦһЩǽ˶ֹϵʳ顣
˵ɣʲô飿
˲û΢΢ֱ̾˵
棬ҪӦÿκá
̫Ӱ˵һ飬̫֪Ȼ£Χһκη紵ݶֻ֪ǰҪ˵һ£֪ɶᡣ
СӣǼȻˣȻ鴦ãЩ˵һ顣
һʳĵ̺ҪʳĴƿǷֲģǿʳﾺǲԼվʳͻ仯ڲ֪оͻȻãҪ֪ЩվסһʼҪ˳ȥѾǳĺ֮꣬ҲˣǴΪǸõƿػʳǱ֤վ
ǣ棡
ˣǻȥɣ֪ˡ
˻ӻҲ̫ӺСүһۡ
̫ӺСүӦһ˳ȥһֱ˳ȥϹϿĵЦݣ֪ˣǵû첻ɵ顣
СԺڶˡ
һ̬ӣձһһΣݣһ۵Ĺȣ˶ӡ
ү
˵ĳƺ
ػ˵κСһһǸˣ˵ҪҪ
ʱѾˣӺֱֱһǹһûƣɸһֺرĸо
үҲжţǲ֪ûǿҸо˺ָоɱ
Ǹ˻˵
˾һǸ֪һԤеĸ֪ر׼ߵ˶ӹѣһ¶һ˵
˳Ĭˣһ˵Ѿ;ƿˣȻʳûз󣬵ҲǿʢڴʳƺƺҲǿȴܶ࣬©ٳ˵˵ʳܴ¶೤ʱ䣬˵ļһƿشʳá
ԥһ»˵ʮ꣬ʮꡣ
ʮ꣬ʮⲻ޵ʱ𣬹
ƺûѹЦ˳
˵ļ˭ִƻʳϣ


1930 棬ϺĴ
ƺҲûио֣뵽˻Ļԥһ²˵ʮӣ
һ㶹Цˣ̫ûԣСǸΪϧֻСʮƺµµΪʵеҲģ涼㱻ȥ
Ǹõǲɱã
ƽٴһ䡣
ҸоɱãȻһôʳùǸ˽ǽ˵ѡ֮һ
˵
˵ĵ˵ѡ˰ɣ
ƺе㿪ĵ˵
ǵġ
ĵǸǰղסǸ˸ǼԦˣ˴ʳôþڴʳһǴʳһᣬǶҪ˸ùϵҲܽľ硣
ᵽľƺ
ľ粻ǺѣϾһ˺ܶ࣬࣬ûʲôΪҲǺܶܶࡣ
˵
ǲһȴûа취Ӵľ磬Ϊǿ˺ܶ࣬Ϊǿ˸࣬ȻȽ޷ȵģǿվû߶̫࣬ˣضµߡ
ӣүΪʲôһֱϣʳܿǸ򡣡
ܲ
ľ֮ء򡢳֮ءǺȣŸݵȦӣÿһݣŸԵȦӣǿΪһʵ磬Σգȴǻܶࡣ
˵ĺþò˵ꡣ
Ĭһ᣺վС
ÿһ߶źܶˣЩھеλߣǸ߲ǶųȺԳǧǵǿ֣Ǹõ˺ܶ඼ǻҪǿ󡣡
ƺĺܿ
үҸоǸҼһҪԦˣǽһЩá
ǣ˵˵ԸôҶûмˣڶȥˡ
˵е㿪ģǼһȥˮġ
ͨ۲ǸӲߵѾۣظ飬ֵˮ֮ӿȪ뱨ˣоһԾŶ
߻ش˵Ļܿ϶
֮ƺ˳˼һŹЦãͺãʮ˵Ҹʦ
˵ĻɫҲһȻһֱƽ޲¶ĵЦݣʦĸֻǶԷ᲻ա
ᣬһģֲա
ŵ˵
ү̫ӺСүô죿뵽֮ǰ̫ӺСү
ҵĻȵүɣ
һЩǾ붯ʮҲûǸʵˣأСӦˣôһġ
һʮǴʳʼ̳ˣʮʦ˵ᶯ˵ͽܺͽɽ𡣡
˿ĵ˵
⵹Ҳǣ
ϵϺʲôͿ͸ˡ

ڶһ̫ӺСүյµһЩǿ߶ٻ˹ʦʦĹʦκ֧䣬ֻԹʦĵʦлʦʦʦԼһЩһĹʦЩ̬ӵˣǵĴǱ֤ʳİȵĻ
̫ӺСүûдлعһǵʮʮΪ˴ʳʵļ̳ˣҪ֪̫ӶûбΪʼ̳˵ġ
ʱ˴ػԼʮá
ʮСүҪһЩʵ䲻СҲһĺҲܶ࣬ʮʮʮ϶ĺӺСĿԲ֮Ҳ
ʮò̫ԼСүеƵģֻǵòʮĿӸӲһ㣬üëŨ۾СүҪᣬȴǱСүһ㡣
ߺܸߣˮҪһЩŲǰףĿǱãһҲݻһԿ΢еˣŵ˵Ըеִźͼǿ
ˮһۿ˵ʱоеˣΪоӦ˵ʮһս񴫳ߣֹˣͨĹ۲ҲһɫţȻûĴ󣬿Ǳĸʵ
ͷӲϣСҪ
ˮһʼǸ𾪣ֱڿ˲֪ĶǴ˵ϢɽֹߵҲϢǿɽڵˮеԲ׼ϾڵʵǿڷϣһĹȻڴʳܳӦò٣ǰ⼸ڹ϶ǿ׵ĳ
ôᣬ˼룬ﾭһЩͲѾϰˡ
ˮЦ˼ȥһ˵


1931 ͽܣɵԪ
ˮҲǲܿЩԼ飬οЩ˶һˣˮҲܲųЩ˵ĴŴ֮ǸģӺ̫Сүе
һֱߵԺˮͤ£߹ʱмֱӾʹż˵˺Ժ
˼Ҳ֪ǰСν£
ˮЦʵ
˿ˮϴźͰЦݣСҵҽͽܡ
ûйĨֱ˵
仰ˮһе㲻֪ԵĿˡ
棬⡭
ǸҲ˵Ļһ㵡
ʮôΪʦһẦ㣬οҪʧˡ
ֱӴꡣ
˼˵ЦˣСӿûʸͽܣѧҽǿԣʦʦˡ
ˮڰ֣ЦԼûһôԲɵġ
ˮԷս񴫳ߣԼս񴫳һԼߵģҲһҪԭ򣬲ȻˮһӦģȻҲϴӦڻ֪Էǰʲô㡣
ͷȻһͣҲһ񵽲ӵˣ˫۾Ȼ˻ܿĲ̫ҲҪǫԷƱûжģĴӦ֪ҵĿġ
˺ǺǺˮݵĲ衣
˼ңʮԪȻҲô
ˮˣȻ˵״
Ȼȫ˥ϵԪ󲿷ֻԭ򣬾ˮҲǶʮ꣬ο㾳磬ʮʮûʲô
һ㶣Ȼ˵˵ҽֻһ۾ܿԼֻʮԪǺԾġ
Ҳƭ㣬ʮѾɴʳʣ㲻ʲôģСһȥģκҲ컯һᣬҲʮͽܣе㶫ŻȤģٲⱾ
˳˵
ˮʵûǮ˵ҲʮӴģƾս񴫳ߣӴȻҲͨΪֵһ㡣
˼ңҿͽ˰ɣ仹û󡣡
ˮĲͽ
͵ѾֱӺˣΪʦеļ꿴ҲʮˣҪİΪʦĸһʮʱȻɫƽ߹ȥͽʦ
˵žȻȥ˴
ˮɫһƬأֽ
˲УǸȴǺصˡ
˼ҡ
˰ڰ֣ͷռˣ˵Ӧÿ͸ģҲһֱΪԼ͸ˣڵĴʳһе㲻͸㣬˵Ҳһ컯ˡ
óһˮһĺӣһߴСˮ͸ģһĶɵһС״ׯ£ƺ֮
ɵԪ
ˮ˼Ŀˮӣ˲䣬ˮоͱĳ֣ǻƽսļ䣬ȻҲ֪
̫ˣ
ɵԪеǿߣǸǿ⣬ΪɵǿһˣЩʱкСС֮һļʻһľԪԪɵԪ֮Եõ޿ɹƵĺô
һ㣬ɵԪκ˶ģ˵ǰ֮һ˲ʹã˵Ҫʲʹãʵܵ
֪ΨһԶסɵԪİԵʡ
ԭǿԶסȴǺ˵½ʷде˳ͨõ޴ôҲдűҲ̶õġ
ˮ֪֪ԼǾʵ˵ʹɵԪֻʣĿǰ֪ʿԣԽʳɹԽߡ
ˮ֪ԼʣֻҪʵǿ󣬶ܸо֪֮࣬Ϊ˵Ͼʺ׳Ϊǿߵģһˣύһ
˼ңⶫ̫ˣҲա
ˮԥһ»˵
޹»ģˮǾܾˡ
ˮҪҲˮȡȻԼѾǴӦǸͽܣɵԪ̫ˡ
˭˵ûйǿʮͽˣ˵ⶫֻжǺöһд˵ֻܿĶˣӢۣƴǾǿͷˣ˵ʵⱲʹѾˡ
Цĺܿ
ҾͲƴˡ
ˮ֣صĽӹ
ˮʹõʱһҪСģǿҲܴ⣬ҸԲܴŵĵط̬һƽ
Ķ
˵ĹĻˮܿĵģů˻ǲġ
л˼ҡ
ˮСĽӹֱӷŵɾ
ǾͲˣʮɣסʦ縸
˺Ҳ˵
ҲǸпԼץסλᣬԺļиԻͣϣԼġ


1932 Ϊʦ
˺ܸɴ࣬˵߾ߣƺһҲԼ˺ôһ
ʵˮ֪˫۾֪ܶԼˣȻҲȻҲ֪⣬˲֪Ҫһ㣬Ǿʮԭ
ǵҪǻս񴫳ߡ
ʮ
ˮ΢Цſˡ
ʦʲôԸ
ʮ˵
仹󣬲ֵơ
ˮ˵оҲһֱˣеơ
ΪȣΪʦ֮ǰ˵ˣҲᷴڣϱСǿ̫ˣܽܵˣʦ㲻õҽܲˡ
ʮ˵
ˮʵоʮս񴫳ߣԺֵͨƺˣҲеܲˣԲ˵ڿһִž˵һ
ʵʮɵҼȴǿȻ֪еĹϵˮʦǵˣôصĶˣΪ˾ԼΪʦ
ȻǶһûʲôãһǲ˷ġ
ǼȻ˾ˣܸܵս񴫳ߣ֪ܵʲôû
ˮЦ˵
ʮһɫϲĿˮȻٿ塢ͨѾ衢Ȼϲ˵ԭҲս񴫳ߣ̫ˡ
⻹ˮһοʮɫЦ˵ôҶս񴫳ߣǶֵܳƺҪҪҲһ
ʮЦЦ˵ⲻͻʦģҺֵƣʦŮһʦ񡣡
ˮֻˡ
ô˵춼Ǻ飬ԼʮʦʮδĴʳʣԼ֮ʦ
ʮסΪˮͽܣˮʵ֮ǰûͽܣС֣ɷȣϸʮˮĵһͽܡ
ˮ㾳ʦǿԵġ
ˮʮغԺ
ʮȻִҪͽȻᾡĽ㣬Ըѳɣණ֪ĺܶ࣬ЩҶǿ֮žҪһЩء
ˮЦ˵
Ժ΢ϰϰгһ˿Ļ֮ĿȻʹģǰͬܵ˵ﻹǺġ
ʦ˵ӽء
ơ
ˮ˵֡
ʮһ㶣ܿͷ֪ˡ
ˮû˵ʲôӲΪһɱ޹ʲôģѾЩʮҲ⣬οЩǱģνʦž㡣
һĶһЩҽ仼룬඼ϵңʲϣѡһ˷ã繥һ
ˮ֪ʮѡ⿣ҽҲѡӦûѡ䡣
ѡ䣬ʦ
ʮҲû˵
ãûв´ӦǱս񴫳ߡ
ˮʮǿ޳塣
ǵģ
ʮе㾪ȣǺܾȡ
Ӧõõеʱ䲻ûңߵͣƴȣѹǧһֱǰҽ㼸ţʲôʱǿ׳һҡ
ˮ˵վ
ʮҲæվ
ˮݹеνʮǴڱܴߵĺôǾ޴ģôġ
ˮ˺üƣǰеҪ˵˳ûٶ˵ʲô
һˮʱˣ˰ʱˣһһѵĺӣˮҲǿֱˬĺӡ
ϵܣ
ûκα仯
ϸ磬ָüͿ԰ǸƳˡ
ˮĵһӴ˵Ĵ
ˡ
΢Ц˵
ǵģ
ʮСӲʵҺʮϵǺܺõģȻ׶Բңûʲôϵ
ε˵
ˮûʣ΢Цſ֪˵Լ˵ġ
ܶҶûк˵֪ôϵһʣ͵ҷɧ
ã
ˮ豭
ʵʮֵܣֻҵǺܵͣΪҵĸǻʳһˣҵȻܵͣ˵Ҳǻӣʳ飬Ȼ˴
ȿڲ裬Цż˵ҵ츳ƺΪҲӵ˹УҲΪҵԭʵ㲻вһЩ˵ĵλҾͱˣ쿴λãʵֻʱģҲǴ󲿷ʱججֵ˾ǰʣҲҵֳ
ˮ̾ǰһЩʷ֪鲢ȱ٣ܶ඼ɱֵϵλģ̰˱÷񣬱İ
˵Ǻģϣϵܾǰҽơ
Ц
⣬ϸİɣѣҲֶ֮ˣϲʲô
ˮ֪˼
ϵܡ
һѾӽ磬û緹뿪ˡ


1933 һ䣬׼
˵ķҲˮõ˰ʱ䲻ˣʳǺܴģʱˮǳз֮˿ǵġ
ˮ֣ҺʹҪɹˡ
֮еį˵ôĲɣ㲣˶Ůž޴
ллǰҵ嶾ɹ
ˮЦ˵֪ˡ
ˮѶ֮ﵱѣѣ֪һ
嶾ɹȶñֵģ㲻õлԺɹ͡
Ϲŵ΢Ц
ˮӡرãҲǺܻͷлһȥġ֮￴ˮƯһ˿˵꣬ƺ˵ʲô˵ˮӻ֣һҪȥɹңȻһһӵġ
ˮһе۵ɫ΢ЦŵͷҴӦ㣬һȥɹ㡣
ƭһŮ
庮ҷˮЦ
ˮ촽ҲûȴǴ庮ҷĶУСʰ㡣
ҵ㣬˭˭
庮ҷˮУˮһϴܣҪߵ˶ֱ࣬Ӱ͵ˣ뿪ˣ嶾ɹӦҲ뿪ˣﱾûɵ飬ֻΪ֮ǸϵԭŻᵼûзչʰԻɹ嶾ɹûд󶯸ɸꡣ
ʳҲһַʽˣδĴʳʼԼͽܣս񴫳ߣҲǸһ䣬һʱʱҲᷢʲôսˡ
ʳǿʢʵϼǧٿˣڵĴʳѾֹͣ˶ţǾķչڵ
þûлպǹļŮҲ׼ȥˣˮǻȥ
ˮżŮֱӳȻһűպȥ
ãϵպļŮպûʲô仯ʱﶼЩʵҲˮ֮УϾڵպҲһˣûʲôͻû˭Ըǡ
庮ҷõ˶ʵ֮ǰǿĶǹպˮоһ壬ûкϲҲкôԻӦϾܶʱӱһʵҪࡣ
ʵܽҲԺԺϲںϲûʲôϵ
¿԰һʱˣʱһֱĲƽ
һҶɿ˵
Ϊǣҵ˱Ҷ࣬Сһﱧ
Ц˵ӹ㡣
ˮоСһҸô
ôϲӣ
庮ҷЦŴȤ
ˮ֪ı仯ǰӦǺܾǰȻǾ֮һ˫һۣޱ欵ˣʱȴǺ׺ߣԴһʮŮ˳ˣȻȻߣȴǴ󵨵Ķ࣬ӦĵĶࡣ
ˮܶʱ򶼸֮̾νԵ֣һ޷˵Ķͻ·ˣһԵˣͻΪܵˣһء
ҷǲˣ
ǿɲʡ͵ĵƣ˵žȥ庮ҷֱӾǰͦδ
ˮͷ
պգ˳ˮÿնɰֻԧ첻ɣպˮǻȥöŮŬ²ٵľת𵤺Լȡ
صú˴кȥԺߵ·ʮ
ʦ
ʮˮӺܿĵģˮ̸ǳ
ţˣҽЩôˣȥԺһ¡
ˮ뿴ʮʲôԡ
ã
ˮҲʮα֮ǰҪ׳һȦżʱ䣬ˮ֪ʮʲ뿴ʲô̶ȡ
ƴȣ׾ȴвʧɣǴ׾ɡ
ʮԲȻ粻ߣżʱ䣬ԺֻҪģԺ󾳽Ȼ
νƣҪȣɽɽˮû˵٣ʮģˮ˵뿪ˣʮһ˼Ȼ󲻶ϵĳԣϵɫҲԽԽģΪԼս񴫳еĹʼˣҪ֪һʱˡ
ͷ·һ
ˮһֱһЩ⣬ԼǲӦ뿪ǰľˣȻԼʵģֱʵӦûкܶ˱Լǿ
ĹƳ漺ˮȡˣҪһε󳹴򣬶Ҽ˾ˮ뿪ǰʱһȥˮģҪ׷ˮ
ˮûоܾȴǺֵܣͨһ
ɵԪˮһֱûʹãڵȵȣȵоȫȹʹãˮԼָоƺܲʺʹɵԪ


1934 ɵԪ
һʱȥˣ
ˮɾǰɵԪʱˮоԼѾǿˣоɵԪһʧˮ
˸ˮ˵ҪҸĵطҪ˴ţˮģɾоԵİȫ󷨣ˮߵŮȻ󷨣ȴǿ硣
ˮģȫעתȻ󻺻֣
ʥ֣֮
ˮһӱþӨ񣬷·͸һȻֱ쵽֮УȻͿʵҺһĶֱӽְΧ
ˮһָָץ
еɵԪ·ӵ̾һܿʧˣˮʱоһӴУһָҵھѸߣһɹɻ۴̼ˮĴԡ
ɵԪ֮ˮֲûɢһ޹״ھߣܸܵڲϵգҲڲϵǿ󣬲ɵԪİԵоˡ
֮ͼԪ񣬾иѪԼʶеڲϵЩڲϵǿ
ʱһһȥˮϥɫܰףʱ䶼΢΢Ĳ
ܿһʱȥˣ
ˮɫ԰ֽˣԿһЩϸСѪһĶƤͻ·ʱпܱ
ʱˮһƣ꣬׼ʱ䣬֪ô˵ںʹҪΣգʹʲôѾˮʲôôЩʲôûгԹ
ˮڵĵǱĻˣÿ춼з̰Ĳ㣬ΪΪʳǺ顣
õˮ㹻ǿ󣬲ǿҲǿȻͱˡ
˿⣬Ϲǿͣת
ϹǿˮĸȻѾﵽܾúܾˣѾǷⶥˣˮֹ֪˵߾磬ҲǷⶥ磬ЩֻΪûͻƾľ硣

˵ףѣѡ
һɹɾڻˮУЩתΪˮȻֿǰԵɵԪ
˳ˮĸоϣԽԽˣտʼʱˮĻ᲻Ųȥ
ˮ޸ǿˮûˣȻʱһᱻʱˮһΪѾһϸС˿ڣϵѪ
һܵʱ䣬еɵԪȥ֮һˮоԼʵ˺ܶ࣬Ѿľˣоκεʹһֱһָ߶Σ״̬
ȻΣգʱԾϣǿ֪Լ£ľת֮
֮뵽ϹУ嵱УһǱоΣյľƺЩתԸߣһЩĵطҲõ޸
һֱˮãϵ֮Ҳָ֮ģ˵ֻҪˮһͿƾǿ֮ԭҪʱ䲻ȷ
ܣܡ
ºˮ۾һž
ȫˣȫˣһҲѾΪȫˣͷϵ·ѾȫѪȾɣڿȥ·һѪ·һ
ˮüϽϴ裬ˬ·
ɾʱֻС죬ˮҲųȥ
ɵԪˮʵٴεõһ޴ͨˮ֪һɱɵԪڹϱȽǿˮĹõһ޴ȴࡣ
ˮԼڵʵﵽ
˵ˮɵԪתһķԼĹȻɵԪ񲢲֮ǰǸɵȫˮĵҲ©һЩ
һֱˮĹ㣬һɵԪǳ׵İˮֲҪ֪ˮ֮ǰĹڵʮ֮һһµı仯ˮ˵Ƿ츲صġ
ڱ˵ܲǺܶ࣬ʳߵ˿ҲУˮĲ²⣬ûҲ١
ˮĹͺͱ˲һˣ˵ǿһǾǻԵĴˮľɽҲû˭ܳԵʹʳҲԲ
ɽһ
ɵԪرעعɵԪˮ˵ѩ̿ɵԪޱȾΪʵӶҡˮûʲôʡ
е·һαһҲһ
һֱǷˮ԰ıǮȷʵˣߣ϶ǹ屶ֹϹһĻǺѴƷġ


1935 ǿʵ񵲱
ˮڵʵ൱⣬ȻɵԪҲһʧܵ˵û˷ʲôģ֮ǰֻԼǿķԣһЩվסţƺҪˣΪˮڵʵֲܿˡˮоˬһԭ񵲱֮ǰֻвǧĹʱֻܸ񵲲ǧĹȷʵԸĿֲ˵ڵˮһСǿ
ʱ񵲱ǿã˵켶Ĵڡ
Ϥǿ·һһҹ֮һеؤڼҲ檳Ⱥġүֱ仯ĸоȻ˵ʵˮĸо
ȫˮɾӰϺ£һĲӰвʱĻӳ̫Źʮʽʥֵ֮ȵȡ
ɵԪ֮ȹʹߵĸˮõľ⣬Ҳûԭˮľ绹ԶڵʵҲǺܿľ硣
Ҳ֮ǰСˡ
ˮϹĵЦݡ
ݷҲ㲻ݷˮûκǿҽڴĸԶˮҽϺõʱˣȻҽ·ߣȻҪȥ
ˮڵˣҽҽܶ࣬ЩûʲôҪһˮҽκˣҲκҽرһЩǿǲգñķʽΪһ£Ƿ顣
ԽǿߣԽעԼϾʱΪԼһͿԸıһǾ飬û˭ܱ֤Լûû֣ҽ֮ˮԵʵ̫Ҫˡ
öˮҲкܶ˲ͬģҲһɹҽʦ
Ƭ̣ˮʱˣųɾ
ɫ磬Ѿˣٺһֱһĸо߳ˮ̨߳ա
磡
ˮ΢ЦŴк
̨վȵĿˮһûƺЩ仯Ӧ˵Ǻܴı仯ˮˣȻ໹ôᣬ峺еȻ󣬵ȴǶһֳ죬ڸǵĳ졣
ţ磬ôоֵֹġ
̨΢Ц˵
ˮʱŮ֮ȻܣȴûгΪķޣȻ׿һμ˵ЩûٷҲס
ˮԼ֪ôԼ͹ԼǿĿϣԼе㺹ա
Сա
ˮž޵Ů촽
̨ˮͷһ£ҷû䡣
ˮ֪ԼʲôԸҲǺܾӵ֣Ҳ壬ҪҲأŮǰƺе㲻ͬر̨ǰеûûƤ
ʵһֱΪԼƤĺǿǺǿʵˣҪԼŮ˺ϲԼǺ㣬ˮҲ
˵ʵǿˣƤͺˣҲˣҲʹˣȷģһҪʵʵǿƿؾǿˣҲˡ
ţˮ
̨ս˵
ã
ˮҲǵһˣϹſĵЦݣЦ̨һ죬ˮȴֱ̨ʧԺ䡣
У
һɽȣҲ֮ǰĵط
ɽȲ󣬵ҲСһۿߣ˵ǿԿԶºïܣȴǲߣ·ĲƺһȴǿԲ棬ľ࣬ҲǺܸߴ֣ϡϡĵ׺š
һ峺СǿƵСɣСһЩںˮʱҲһЩС͵Ұޡ
ʣͬٺǣо΢󣬴΢΢϶ˮֽ߳Ů·ҪڷɶȥƮƮָоɡ
ʼɣ
̨Ц˵Ѿеʹ֮΢΢̧
ˮͷ˫ֱһӨ
ţ㲻
̨ʵҲһξ޴ͻƣڹıѾԽǧĹ
Ҳ̶ֻ̨ܽȣһڱȽ϶̵ʱ䡣
Ҳ̨յĽͱ仯Ҳˮ߽ϴļ֮һ
ɵԪ
ˮûж͡
̨˼һôһ£ϾˮһֱûԼѾˣҲǺܿģеĳҽĺˮ
ΧĿֱ˲併͵˼㣬ΧĿѳ˵ˮɱľ磬ȴûнµĲݵϵݶһֽһı֡
ӡ
̨յг߳ĺ֮նӰƮ·һӰһʹ֮ڿ˲һƬӰ


1936 Ŷ岻á
ӡ
ˮоһ䣬һı飬ԼУҪСЩ飬ǺɵģɲЩˮɵı̨ԥһ£еˮеʹ֮һӣ
ԣ
׷׵ըⱬƵ˺֮࣬ᳬ屶屶ޡ
ʱˮӰűֱӵɳȥˤԶ
ˮ
̨һҪ֪ǧı屶˺ΪӡƵ屶õʲôйϵĺҲеϵ
屶˺Ǿһ˺⹥ܳܵһʱ̨ɷ׵˲ˮߣϰ
ѣҡ
̨տˮǲ԰׵ͣĽе
ˮۣŮȦˣһⲻȥû£Ҳ֪ôιȥˣôںҡ
ˮ΢Цӣ̨ǰ󣬾֪СװģʹŤ¡
ˮڵλ̨յĿڣԴľ˵ĵԣɽ֮䣬Χһɵ㴫У꣬˵ˡ
˭ںˣԺˡ
̨ƽС֪ռԼˣûƿʵ֮Ѿˣֻûߵһѣ߲һﶼ֪ԼⱲӶŮˣı䡣
ˮһѽ̨ձڻԼϣһòСڲݵϿϣ˵⡣
̨վһѾԼˣɫĿ
ҪңһẦߵġˮеѳֲס
ͷ̨պֺЦ
ˮͷס̴ڣЩÿ꽣ǻһҲ֮ǰˮʱԭ
һˮ˫־Ϳʼͦεɽ֮䷭ɽԽ룬Ѫŵѩ̨յɽ岻˶󣬵ȴ쳣ͦΣˮһʮ㣬ϸ֬״ѩ׵һȾˮǿģһֱû
ˮ̰һһİ棬ҲһΪ֮ǰٴζΪһĶ̨ƿǺܼ֮ˡ
ˮһ뿪С죬־ϻ񼶱ǰȥվȻǣʱ΢΢۾ˮˮһ˫ǰͣĻš
Ľ΢΢ĲǶ˵ķӦˮ̨֣ǸŮˣҲǸŮˣзӦҲֻǱԼ˶ѡ
ѾͷŶ岻á
ѾͷǸǺֵܿģ
ˮһһջСŮһ
Ǹ쵰˵ˡ
̨տˮԽ˵Խ¶ǡ
ϴοǶĽгˡ
ˮ˵Żؿڵʳָɽ嶥˵һ£һֱ뵽ھ׵βһؽڴһ㡣
ֹּˮѨ˽ԼԺ׵һŮ˴ﵽֵ۷壬һ̨սҵĲסˮҧ촽÷
΢΢廹һ˲ıˮֻǱȥĸо
ⲻˮһԲ̨֮࣬ղĿˮ쵰ʹһ٣֮ǰĸоĺܺãһ˵ú
ˣȻŻȥϴ裬Ծͺˮȥ
ˮӣҲǺܿĵ顭

֮СһѾˣڵѾˣɿѾͷĳС޷ݣˮĵıܹܱߺ
ˮһѽô硣
ˮо̫ŮŮ˶ôУ֪ˮҲôˡ
ˮ⼸Ҳһֱһ
Ҫ塣
ã㳤ˣߣȥ
½ĺӺܶͿʼˣʱǺܼ򵥵ģΪԭԿһЩԽǰĶǿȣ缸ĺӾ;أõĳߡ
ȻСԸȴǺܾǿСȶֱ£һһƨɶȥ
ټСǺˮ
֪ʲôʱһҶѾˮߣе۵ĿŶӣûֹ
𣿡ˮһҶֿſžǿĶӡ
ۣһҶ迴Сģˮе㼵ʣСһһҶԼҪܳ衭
ڳԿԺſԲࡣˮ΢Ц˵ҲۣãӳԿãҪǸСѾͷˮ۵ĸ
ţͿʼɣҲÿʼˣʦɡһҶ迪ĵ˵ûбˮʵˡ



1937 ʮҪλʥ̨
˵ˮҲģǰһЩˣŴһЩﶼԼʦһЩģʦҲãҪһҪǸһݣһᵽ˭ѧΪʦҲѧĵλߡݴ½ͬҲǣкҪһǸҸʦʵеλǺӽܳɴҲΪݵõһǲʦҲȥͽܣʾʦûô޴
ˮڲǰ㣬ЩûãԼݾ͹ˣ⻹ҪԼԼûʵΣ˲󼺡
ʱߣǿ˵ֻǺ̵ܶʱ䣬ϾŴ󼸰ԪˮѾȹ˵λڵĴʳԼΧûʵԼ
ɵԪˮоԼһ֮һǿʵʳֻܲˮ֪˭֪ʳûϹֲϹ
ˮڵʵʵڿֲ治֪ʲôʵԼĶ֣һԴʮĿֲʵǷġ
һ뵽ˮ͸ое޲Ҹдһ
вֻ̨յʵܴ˵ĽͬҲǺֲܿˮ꣬ǵİǲɹģҩԪͻƣҽЭ
Ҫ֪ˮߵÿһʷǷûˮҲǿ֮·ˮĴڿǴʱ䡣
ͨ׷Ȼ׷ϣҲﵽǧʵҲǾ٣ˮûɵԪĻڹƶһ𲢼սˡ
ɵԪˮһνǳ˦ǿ̨աһҶԼ庮ҷҲ޷ˮĽŲˮһʵ̫ˡ
庮ҷûΪˮºӣҲûлУˮҲΣʵǿ˾һǾ֮һ֮µĺһ⣬ֻǿҲôס
庮ҷҲҪӵĳ嶯ΪԺʵԽԽǿʱĻûкӵģÿκˮһǲͣȡҲûлС
ʱûϲ㳤̣ܶܶ඼ʮʮãԲǶôżֻ֪ˮ뿪ʱ䲻̫ˡ
ûڿֵ꣬Ϊˮûҵʵˣһʵҽǿ˺ܲס
ˮҲû˼ȥˣȻǲġ
ʦ
ʮˮĴк
ˮ̻Ķ̫ˣİˮʦʦΪʦûΪϵڣʵ½ûں䣬ˮҲˣʮˮû̫֣һҪ˵Ļ˫ʵһĻʮǱҪ޴Ķࡣ
ʮôˣ
ˮʮ飬Ҳܿ
˵ҽִʳ
ʮ̧ͷ˵
ˮһ㶣Цˣðɣһˡ
ˮ֪ôһ죬Ҳ˵õģʳһԼʮͬʱҲһԼʮʦ
ʵ˵ˣʮΪʳʲô׵ģָҲҪˣоҪǿ֧ȻҲȥ
Ϊԭȥ˵ʵǿλʵʲô飬ʳҲǸΪǴʳ̫ӴźܶԼСʳʵѶˣѲڴʳĿƵˡ
һдʳҲ֪ģûվ˵ѣϾԼֲʣȿ˭ˣ˭ȥͷ۰ɡ
ˣʳΧһЩɹʳҲǻ񣬲ô˵ʳҲһ⣬ٴĻӦûŷĵ̵ġ
ˮ֪ʳһ֪ԼɵԪ֣Ͼ͸ԼĶ֪ԼûǺ׵ġ
˵̫ҲǿԵġ
ʮ˵
ˮҡҡͷã⼸ɣȥ׼׼һȥġ
õģʦȻشʳˡ
ȥɣ

ʱ䣬˭֪ǴʳһʵǻЩһѰϰûκιϵ˭ǲģЩǺܹĵġ
ܶǲʮλõģʮҲᱻܶɣûǿʵͿɽôǻǾԵǲϵġ
ҲΪʲôʳʮˮµԭ
ʱܿ͵һ죬ʱĻʳɽ˺һ˭ԽʳģʳеҲǲͣУʳܴ󣬲ǰµЩʳǿɱȵģĻʳǴĳ󣬱ϾŻʳϵĵطȻܴ
󲿷˶޷ڳǣֻǣܽڳǶҪһЩݡ
ʥ̨
ǻطʥ̨ǻҪʦʦĵطҲʥ̨Ȱʦٵǻˮһ¿ҪΪĹʦʵĹʦ


1938 ëûΪʦ
ˮΪʲôʦоģΪǸ鷳ڵˮֻܰﵽʳȻԺʳҲﵽˮģʮս񴫳ߣҲһɺӵݣοɵԪѾʳ͸Լ̫ˣԼӦȻҪ
峿һսʥʳǣǴʳĻʳǣȻٺϰ֮˿ԸܵʥʳǱһĳǳӵĳ֣˵ʥʳһȪ
ȪǲɶúöʥʳҪһĵطܶ࣬ſԿɣȪϣÿȪΧԴﵽ°빦ǿ
·ǧ򣬵ǵĽصһѡȪ֮أҲΪʲôõطɽˮȪһˮĵ£ɽУһЩǿѡ񶴸ԭҲڴˡ
ʥʳҲɲĴڣµȪҲֻдʳĻʼ֪ˣһЩҲ֪һʳһŵĵȪǲٵģһЩҩҲȪΧȪĲƸ֮һֲƸָʵ
ʥʳǵ˺ܶ࣬ʳǵǺڳҲǵɽ˺ʼҲų⣬Ͼãڵʥ̨Ҳźܶˣ𴦣徻ܶࡣ
϶˵ǸСôûг֡
ʥ̨ǰŵһλϣһ˵ӣʮ㣬һͷïܵİ׷ţһֻŭʨӣֿһֿ֮
е϶Ǵʳ档
ʥ̨ͱ𴦲һʥ̨λñΧҪͣʥ̨ΧλģԽλӵλԽߣԽÿλ֮ľҲԽԽԶ
ˮһое֣Ϊڴ½̨ҲûǱս̨ʲôģڸߴ
֮ǰǸλþõλ֮һǰ濿ʥ̨ұʥ̨ߴһλҲҪˣ˲õѣĵˡ
˾ͷ㼱ʲô컹硣
ʳҲһλţԱ߾ʮλкܶ඼ǻӵܡ
λѾ˰˳ǰŴ󲿷ֶˣҲһЩˡ
ҵȻˣļʮһֱѹ˾ռңƺͷˡ
Ǹ˵ž͹Цƺܿġ
ļƺҲ΢ЦſǸ˾ͷļҵĵ֪٣ļûҲ˾ռı׷ϵġ
ļҲôһ϶ˣûҲֻҵԪһ꣬㹻ˡ
˾ͷļΥ˵
ȥûпΧвٶڴ𣿡
ļɫһֱƽˮǵ̣еȻƿúܶ˶Ϻ껹治һˣļ£ֻҵԪʱɿƽͣΪţǡ
ʮĵλҪϿɣõ֧˵֧֣ס˷˳λЩˣܶ඼˴ģҲоǴ⿴ֵġ
ϸ磬˵ǸôãΧǻ񣬲ʳǻʳǿɹʳڲ˾ּһж֮ء
һŵ˻˵
˽ʽǴʳйʦ죬˵ڴʳĵλߣҲˣٹʻʳ֮£ʵǿȴûãʱ˲ʲôĶѾȥ˵Ҳǹ¼ҹˣʮϵܺãʮҲԼĺһ
ҲԭļŰѹʦҪλӽһļҵˡ
ˣ
ļ濴ԶһСڵѸٵǰȻһѾʥ̨ϡ
ˮվʥ̨ļ΢΢˼ңˣ
ʥ̨ΧҲǧ֮࣬ҶǺ֣ЩһŶΧһ
ãʱҲˣǾͿʼаʦʽɡ
ļ浹Ǹɴֱ࣬˵
һһ㶣⻹ûнأʵҲһӣ粻øǽܣ֤ѡ
ţСģ˵ͷǼҲô°ɣֱǺ֡
˾ͷһ˵ˡ
ˮϱûб仯ǿʨһͷ˼ңλ˭Ϊʲôôѵ뵱ʣ
ˮĿᣬ󼸸ȴȫӡ
ֱ˾ͷܲˣΪ൱ʣڱɺܲˬм˵ҵʺûйϵСëûΪʦ
ҵʦʲôϵ϶ΪӦΪϲ˰ɡ
ˮǿˣϼһһµģȻԷԼԼαغΪȣԼǰʲô㣬ǿΪԼҲλ


1939 һУǿͨ
˾ͷɫǺ죬ȻûǸ˸˵ģڼܶˣһͷŭޱȣָˮ˵ˡʱ˾ͷһģվףëͷСӼƽʲô游׽ѵһ١
˽˾շ˾ͷСĶӣҲǳɾһã⽫˾ռҿߵԶһһŸֹ⻷ͷεˣһǴһˡ
˾շͿʼչ¶âʮѾǰ벽죬ʮѾʡƾ費Ѿǿߣһ
˾ռ˾ǴʳкܶеһȽǿһڴʳڶҲȽǰģʳҪѹѹҪٽĻʳ
˾ռŻʳĿտһЩ̲סҪ֪ƿ˴ʳԴ˾ռҶʱһ̨ףԶǾ͸ǲɹˡ
˾շ˲ͳʥ̨ϣû϶֡
ļ΢Цſţû˵̫Ҫ˳˳İʦλĻǾͲˡ
ˮǰɣ˺ҽҪҿҵû⣬費Ҫ
˾շˮЦÿҽܸ˿ģ˾շûˮǰֵӣԸǴԡ
ˮЦſ˾շһ˵岻Ҫܡ̧ͷĻġ
ֳһƬžʹһЦ
˾շԭǸ˰Ҿ˵ôôɻ飬ôҲûá
˾շǲİ
СӲǺ˵ɣϾǶġ
ǣһ۾ܿô಻ٵˣ˾շҪİҽˣ˾ռʲôβá
˾ͷɫһ䣬ԼСһ˲·ʲôܿɫͻָ
˵
˾շĺȵ
ҪԼĴ
ˮ΢Ц˵
ЦˣЦˣʲô˵˾շûֲҲʲô𡭡ҪԼĴҪⲡ˾շ

˾շ߳ŭŭˮ˭⣬ڸ˸о˾շĲˣһӺܶ˿˾շǿһǿˣֻҪʧȥ˵ı־飬ôй⻷ɢһͨ˶о
˾շԼƽΧâڱҲоԼʧ̬ˣȻƽĵķŭǲɸ𣬿ˮǱ顣
ҾȰȥɣ̫ˣЩҪ˵㸶Ρ
ˮİڰ֣ǻӲӬһ
˾շŬƽٴη·ըˣһԼδɵСӾȻһٵǰĿֱֿԼûӣ֮ǰĻоԼҪըˣûôŭҲûһǺ޵֡
һ
˾շ֪Լռ˱ˣֱӰѽˮȥ
տղ
˾ռҵľѧ֮һÿһȳҿ任׽͸䣬ҿһ̤һҲһÿһĴСҲǲȣ£磬Ī⡣
ˮǺӰǰ쳣ѩһ⽣Ӱˮȥʵ죬ԽԽ죬һ콣Ӱ
˾շһ־û飬ֱʹɱУ콣ӰֻһʵģֻҪסһͻᱻʵһЩӰת
ˮɫƽ۾΢΢
ͨ
һĽӰֻʣʵһһٶ˺ܶ࣬ҲһʵͻƺͨҲͻˣ˾޴ı仯
ͻƺͨˮҲ֪ʲô磬֮ǰĿʵһθֱӣ翴ĽӰֻʣʵһ
ͨͻƺǿҲֲǿÿĶٶȱ
ʵⲻǱһָоʵԼٶȱ죬˿ԷٶȲ䣬ˮٶǸ졣
ˮٶȱиǰᣬҪǿ󣬳ԵȻʹ֢ܴ֮󣬻һˮɵԪҲΪˮʵͨǿ
ǰֻǻһԷٶ㹻죬ˮͨԼҲоԷ죬ͨҲǶԷģֵʾĻһٵٶȺʮٶˮͨǲһģһٵٶȿԱĳνʮʮǳΪʮ壬žǽͰٷʮҡ
˾շٶˮоͲ죬ھ͸ˮӰͻ˿˾շˮһӰһǽӰ֮У˲š
ԣ
ˮ˾շĳ˾շȴǵɳȥѪ


1940 սʦ
죬ʵ̫ˣ
Ȼ죬ֳкܶ˿ˣҲΪģϾ˾շȻţʵϺһЩ˻ŲСĲġ
ˮ֮ǰҲֻкٵһ˾շʵʵ̨Ӧö磬˾ȣ˶ɫƽ
˾շѾˣվˮԼĳһʱ߷һУԼһжûгŹȥԼʹԼǿʽ֮һ
ܣܸˣԼˡ
뵽ǰ֣رԼһֱմմϲһֱˣһֱǱܶ˳Ľɽ죬ԼŸܵ˲пʵȻ֪ˣ죬֪£оԼʵҪһЩʱ䡣
ˮֱӽͶֱӲ˾շǰ
ѹҲýܲˣ˺ͨʲô֮ʲôʧģ˵ʵʲô㣬㽻ǿ㣬ǽ⣬Ҷۿһۡ
ˮĴ
ˮҪ̬ҪԼҽ֮ҪԼʵסǣ֪ԼʵоԼֶΣЩ˲ҪסҪҪ֪ͷаѽһĽ
ʤܿܣ˾շʱѾˮĻˣججġ

˾ͷüһ
Լδܹ˴Сӣʱһѣ͵Ϊֹˣ˾ռҵϣû˾շô˾ռҵδֱӻΡ
˵Ļ˾շ̧ͷ˫۾ƺһɣȻǰĽĿˮһ۾ͻص˾շߡ
ɷҪõŵ£һʱʧʲôκ˶ǿԶܵģֻвϵǰϵŬ۷壬ҪСκˣ˵ģ½̫֮ˣɽɽˣҪо˾ܲˣһᷢ뷨ôĿЦ
˾ͷֱ˵˼仰Ͳ˵ˣȻ̨ϣʱ˵ˣܿģҲһζԼСǸ£Ǹᣬۺܶʱ򶼻ıһˡ
ˮ̨£Ц˵֪ûܲΪʦоо
ƣƣ
һʥ̨Χܶ˲ˬˣһСƺʲôľͱΪ޵ˣ̫˷ˡ
Сӣ湻ġ
һ
ˮ֪˵Ҹˣʶˣ̫ӣ˵ҲһɺӵĴڡ
ʦ
һˮˣͨ˿ҪһЩȴӲʣ޳һɫӣ߱˫۾ƻһ˫Ұʮ۾Ҳ
ƤеףԵ˫۾Խͻ
ʱˮһֱǰš
ˮĳִ˻ʦļƻʱٲˣǺ롣
˭ˣ
ˮĻûʦҲһ󷢶£Сʵˮĺ֣㲻ңҲ㣬С۾˵ϹıҲһ
ǻʦ
ʦˮƽ˵
ˮĬһ£üȻ˵һûʦ޲ǰĳ嶯
ʦܳ𣬻ʦʲô
ˮʵ鿴Ҳǿͷ·һС·һ
СӣҲҪиȡ
ʦԼƽСӻ̣˭˭
֪ˮǹģӦǹģʦ̫ӵĿɽ̫ӳʣĵλˮǴߣҪ֪̫ǰѧڴʳҲǽϵļ֮һڱһСӲŭŹ֡
иëʵоǹִײǽҲͷ
ˮŻʦϵıζ
ˮԻʦܲˬɱǸʦ嶾ɹǸǻʦˣһʦ䲻ãºܶ˶ǻˣкܶ඼껵»ᴦɾˣԺܶ඼ץѱղ֪˭ġ
ȻҾͽ̽ôˣ˶Ϊʦⲻӵ
ʦ˵Ѿʥ̨ϡ
ˮҡҡͷ˵ʵҶмںΪ顣
ʦ˫ֽգȻɢȳ֣ȻֵĻᶼûˡ
ʦҲٺˮ˵СӾǸ蹷ҧܸɴࡣ
ˮ۾ǵ΢ЦûʦоеˮݾеϢɫӵûʦֲõԤС
Ǿ⣡
ˮ˵Ȼһ壬ӰֱŻʦȥܹϣܼ򵥣һ죬˲ͳڻʦǰȻһȭ
һȭܼ򵥵һȭûκλڣҲʲô
򵥵һֱȭ
ԣ
ʦ֪СˣΪе㷢ִ֮ҲһȭԱƱ
˼΢΢һˮȴٴǰһֱȭ
ԣ
ԡ
˿˼һĻˮͣľǺûκμ죬󣬶ҽٶԽԽ졣
ʦǲϵĻŸȴǷֶԷԽԽǿһʮᣬʱķԼѾ㣬Сѵ


1941 ˮվ˿
ˮȻ䲻󣬵սľҲǺܷḻڵͨԿڵ˽дʽͿԴЧ
ִ򷨾ǵһ뽫ĿˣҲҪȶֵĿȶ֮ǰһֱоǴĿԪ޷һֱ޷ȫʹóһʧȥƽ⣬ǸʱõȥȴҲ޷
ûڵͨҲԲɵϾʦʵǲҲѷɫ١
ͨ£ˮԴĶԷ޷ʹԪʦǳ˴˸ۿۣԼһұˮֱһȭѾѪˡ
ˣ
ˮûٶ֣ɱˣֻҪǴɱˣҽ·ˣȺܶܶˣлһ˿ֶҲǻкôģɱһ˿ɱ˶˻鱩꣬ػɱ˿߻ħ
ʦҲе㣬о̫ˣͷһȷʵòסһ٣ܲʹࡣ
ʦɲ֮ǰ˾շһ˫۾֪˾ԶԶĳԼˣԵҲûʲô̾ԼڴʳѾûлˡ
ѵһ治֪ʲô̳ܽҲ֪ʲôá
ʦ˵仰һӷ·嶼ôһ㡣
ʱ򾭹ļʱʦб£־ѾȲʤȯ
ˮҲһ㶣û뵽ʦȻļͽܣȻϲʦҲò˵ҸʵҲ̹ϣĺܿ

ڵ˾շܶˣʦûл֮ԼһҲԩ˾ڵһҲоˬϣиǿȥܣ
ȻﲻôѹˣˮҲһƬȵļʣּʺܿĽΪԼʶƺʲ̫ˡ
ļϹſĵЦݣСûԼʧΪڶ׼ȷĸܵˮʵҪ֪֮ǰоԼһָֻ㶨ˮ
Ѿûֳ嶯ˣص˵ǱԣѾõǸɵԪܶˣֻһֱûҵʵˣһοˮʱ֪Լǰҵһˣ֪ˣļҲΪȥ
һһ¼˰һ̫ʦΣȻһȥʦʼ
ļҲڸˣʮˮͽܣһҪϵļҺʹʳδ
ʦ񣬰ʦ衭
һκ˳꣬Ͼʮֻǰݸʦûȥ̽ˡ
ˮӹʮݹĲ裬һڽһԵˣȻڵϵʮԺҴӣΪʦϸ˵һͽܡ
Χ˶һҲûʲô˳ȡֹʲôġ
ʮȴǺ棬Ҳ֪Լʦǿ󣬾ԺǿһԴĻʦûл֮ʦ㹻ˡ
˳İʦ֮ļ滺վΧ˵ʮʦ֮⻹һҪϣλ֤
ˣʵ֪ʲô飬ļҲ֪ʲô飬ЩҪ˵ġ
ӽ쿪ʼʮǴʳʡ
ļ˵Ĳ죬ÿֶǺһֲɵĿ
û˵ļ潫һָóʵʽ䣬Ǳ־ͬʱҲһִУһ
ʽҪѪұļҵѪҲǵһεļʵֶΣһЩָҲܣ˭ȥǻļҡ
棡
ʱһ
˵Сүʱվļ档
㲻ļʲôˣôԵȻĺҲûйĨǣĺ󱲣ֱ˵
ﲻףﲻ֪Ȳʮ֣ΪʲôûоĻᡣСү̧ͷֿ˵
ôļϴ΢Ц˵
Ϊļ棬⿴ļҵĺлģҲֻ֪ʮŤתʳľ棬˿ܶὫʳͣʮΪˮ仯
棬ʮ޷ʵģӦǿλɣ
Сү⻹ǺģԼĴ㡣
ڿԱʳ
ļԼĴ㣬ȻаˮƵ˿ڵɣһжǱزٵģСүô˵ʡ鷳
Ҫ˴أһǿҲܺһСү˵
һ˹ǿʲôǹ۸ƣοҽӰǺܴġļ΢Ц˵ʱͣĿˮƺһ
үӣ㽫Сֵ˵ôãҶȥˡһʱ



1942 ˲װ
ˮȥһҰԵߣˮҲ֪Է˭ǻʳǿߣǱʳ˿ѷɫĻʳڱʳҪǿ
վˣڵĴʳǰһ
үȴǺǺһЦɳǷ磬ҪˣݵˣԲݣǾ㱻ˡ
һ߾ҪбܵľǱһ˻һߴܣЩΪԭηηβģҲֹڴˣҽһսʧҲûʲôʧ˲£һʧܿԻȡһͻơ
ɳǷ絭Į˵
ɳǷߣҲǱ˴һЩڴ½һ㶼ܵ۷壬һٳ֮꣬ͻͻơ
ɳǷҲϣٳ߸ͷһһֱⱲҲֹڴˡ
ļѾλϵˣڶоˮɲ⣬ָоˮһ漣ʱˮЦſȥ
ˮĿһۣﲢˣһлɫ˺ˮ֪Ժ󻹻õˡ
ȻֻмԪˮʮ껹ǿԵģѾǼˣˮҽǿҲ˵Ļ˥ǲתˣǿҽǿӳ˼ʮꡣ
ʮ㹻ܶˡ
ϾˮɲһֱʳػɡʮǿҪʱ䣬ʱڣԼػʳԼҲõչˡ
ɳǷʥ̨Ǻܸߴ΢ģȴǸһɽĸоֹˣɢһ׺Ұ֮
ˣҲģۣҪСġ
ɳǷˮӲ˵
ˮͷɣ
ɳǷսӿսѸٵ·ʵһ
ս⣡
ɳǷǻʳĻʼҳԱҲһźܸߵλĴڣȻҲǰǻʳĻҵõǻʵĴУɳѧĶǻʵĴսһʽУֻһǻ֮ѪΪɳҼ壬һʣһʼҴȥ
ɳǷһ˾ǻ֮Ѫ֮ǿĴڡ
ս˲ʵǴٶȺ˺ƷǶҲǺܶࡣ
ˮҲ˲佫ԼһЩսתʵԷʵûɵԪʱԼʤ˶Է֮ǰķҲֲܿܲܵסԷĽͲˡ
ˮ֪Լķ񵲱ԷҲƲԼķڵˮɳǷ׶εʵǲսʤĴڡ
ɳǷʵһʵ񵲱Ը񵲵˵ķ
ˮҲûó
㲻
ɳǷѾԼ˫üʵ
ɳǷ˫˫̽һһգرٶȿֲ߻ӿֲ
ҪʱԻʹãøоʲôɣ
ˮоԼеװˣɳǷǰˮоǿԵģǰô˵ģ˲װ꣬ȻˮѾˣᣬٹʮװװˡ
ǽаɣ
ɳǷϵƽи֪˵ʵǿʵˣսҲǸʤˡ
Х£
ɳǷһХȴһħ·ʱ侲ֹһǾֹһָžöԷķӦӦжж϶
һǺǿսúˣǴеٶȱͿ죬һɱöһͷϵ
˵ǻʳǸǻ֮ѪߣǻХһ̶ȿѣԷѣʱͶֵʵԼһЩֿйϵһֲܿսһѣֻգ۵ʱҲǿֱܳԷĨġ
ߣϵķҲȫͬģ۾ƤֵܵɷҲܺʲôĵطȣɲÿ˶ˮ񵲱Ƕ޲ֵƲˮ񵲱ˮ˯žǶܶˮʵ˺
ˮͨʹãԷٶϾͻ
ⲻһָˮҪƿֵͨʱõãԲֻҪԼͲǻ֮ʵҲˮΪһɱʹãֹûʲôʹҲԲʹʱͲʹˡ
ˮͻ̫չ
ž
ˮһҰ״ɳǷ󴦣ԷķӦҲǺܿ죬һ˲ѾһתеĶ̽ȴˮĺĨȥһֻǵķۣѪĹѾιˮ˫ۡ


1943 ԾѪ
ˮķֵɳǷĹȻ⣬ˮ뱩¶ǿĸ񵲷ο֮ǰһֱչֵĶٶˮӰһĴ壬һѼתֱӾ͵ɳǷļ́Ⱦһš
βţ
ˮһֱ߳һţһ˲ˮоޱ⣬һޱĸо·ʹǧһ붼ľһš
ԣ
һɳǷҲǶ㲻ȥģһǺģҲϱȽϱĲλɳǷǿܣβŵҲǺܵģֱɳǷǼѪѾ
ɳǷתˮ˸ѹҲԽԽ֮ǰоԷе֪Լˡ
ˮʱԼҲ˸õʶҲҪ趼һʵһɺõģԴһʵսд򲻳ʮ
һЩʽʽǿҲǼɣһЩӺܶĹ򣬾ǰһȭģһȭȥĲλ⣬ԴĶԷһԺͬںʲôɵ˺ͬ
ǳȭĽǶȺͳҲӰǼ򵥵˵һЩѧʽտʽۺ϶Ԫأһб
֮ǰˮҲùԼоһЧǰһЩУ֮ǰ˵ˮԭǻԷʱöԷվȻҪѹסԷ
׵㣬ΪԻ˶ԷڶԷ˵ʱվȺףһ־ûжԷǿлԷѶȡ
ѲˮΪˮϾͨѨͨؽԼѪʲôģЩطЩԷԣӳ١
ˮиӷḻõԼ˲˵޷Уˮкܶ࣬ȭơָ⡢ϥƵ
ˮоԼܴҪǿЩöԷֶݵʧȥ֪ԼˮһпҪ˶Է
һֱˮ϶ûʹãԷʵûдﵽˮʹеʱ
ɳǷȥǵѪ󻺻˵ˣл顣
ˮ֮ǰȴûȫȻһǿֱڶԷĲϣֱ߶ϲӡ
ˮ΢Цû˵ɳǷ绺Ļصλϡ
ںܶ˶Ǿ˵ʵǿɳǷһĵڶǿߣȻɳǷһֻϾųɶ඼ڣвɳǷȴˣʵ˾ȡ
ļϹſĵ΢Ц
֪ûҪûǾʮ˳ӹܴʳûв˵ſء
ˮʵ򣬺ָԼһ
Ӣ۳꣬Ϸһ¡
һ׳˶ȥ
Ծ
ʳİߣ˵λõģԾȴΪûн棬ǲʳʵŽǰڡ
һСеˡ
ǰԾİǺֲܿģ

۴ˮУлˣȻͷ׷ȴϵûʲôƣͭɫƤʯһ㣬ʥ̨϶΢
ˮһǿߣһĴڣˮԷ˫۾֪˰˳ɵѧ˫첲ϣ첲Ѱ˳һСΣҴ˺ܶ࣬ˮĸ첲ٴһ˵Ҳ˸о˫첲е֡
öˣҼˣû֮һ
Ծ΢Цſˮ
˼ҹˣ죬ˣ½ϵʴϻ̫֮ˣСҲеСɲҿ޵С
ˮҡҡͷ˵
ԾҲһ㶣¶˿ĵ΢ЦҲǾȣҪ֪ˮӳֶһֱԴھȻǫ飬úܶ˶Ǿһѡ
ˮҲԭģϾԼ̫ˣЧãûԼҲѿģȻҲѳ֣ˮڵַչ
ҷСӺܶθڣ꣬˭˭ӮǺһô
Ծĵ˵
Сң
ˮЦӦ
ãɣҪ
Ծ˵Ѫһģ·˶ɢ֣ڵİԾСˣɢİȴһɽ
Ѫ
ˮ۾һҲҪ
ֻ޴ĸ첲ˣһ˫ȭͷ̫ˣ첲ϵ·űˣ˫첲ɢ΢΢ĺ⡣
䣡
ֱӳˮ޴˫һ򵥵˫ң
ˮҲ뿴˵ӰҲǺΥӦȥ˫ȭֱӭϡ
ԣ
޴Ƶʥ̨ƺڲûˮȴӰˮѾԷˮڵķȴǿȫܡ
񵲱Ը񵲵ֻǱ֤ˮٸ񵲵˺ԱҲ
ˮЦøˣ˾һɱˮеĶ־ʢˡ
ˮ֪ľȣ˴ʱŽоȣСӾȻԽԼİûκ顣


1944 ǿУǿɹ
ԾܾٶҲܿ죬óľˣΪһˣ˵ģû뵽ֻǺ˼ǿѪûһ㷭ڡ
ˮʵת۷壬ûˮʵϱ磬ˮڵľ磬Ѿûʲô˻ϲģþԵıƷֲܶŸгɾ͡
óѣҵ˫ȭס
ԾûϽˮ˵
ҲôҪʱһһʱó˼ҲҪСˡҪ˵ңҪֻᡣ
ˮЦ˵Ҳûж˵ȻŪˡ

ԾѾ˫̧Ѿ׼ڵˮ
ˮЦ˫ְգŲһ̨
Ź
ˮӰֱӳǰһȭ
ԾķӦܿ죬ͬҲһȭ֮ǰһȭƺǿ
Ծ֪ˮĿȻҲȫԸѾٱһʵ˫޴Ļһˮ͵˹
ˮϱû䣬һȭ˾޴ȭͷϡ
̫ˮӰһתҹһ˵˫´ʱһȭֱӴԾ߹ǡ
ԾҲǷӦѸ٣۰Ѹٻֱӻס
ԣ
ƵˮӰȻٴǰֱӳڰԾһȭ˵ļ׵ߴĴֱðԾӰǰȵĳȥ
ʱˮӰٴͻ
ԾӰȵǰĳȥҲܵˮͷҲص۰һѸٵȥ鶯֮䶼ֱӽԼС
ˮûкˣֱһȭٴδȭֵָĹؽͻ͵Ĵȥ
Ѩ
ž
ˮûͣԾȴһ㶣ֱ۶òʱˮһֱٴλڰԾĺϣͲȵӲˣʱпܵȥ
Ź
ˮֱһ޳ԾĲӡ
ԾҲǺֲܿˮҲ֪ԾĿԾǿڷǿ󣬹ҲǿҲˮǿߣŲٶȣѰͨʵ߸Ķ֣һα
ԾڱѪȻ忹Ҳ׸˴ģָܵ񵲡
ԣ
ˮǸͲȰԾѷɫ٣ڶԷûվȵʱֱһ޽Ծĵɳȥ
ֹˣˮѾʼʹǲͣģӰεȥ
ȭ
ˮҲǰǰһЩȭоĸ͸ǰһЩȭƷˮڵʵʹóҲǸ;ס
䣡
һȭԵĽԾٴκȥˮٴ̷ȣ
ž
еͣԾȻû˿ֱ֮ӱˮɳһͣĴȥ
ʵˮûдɱԾȻʱɱԾˣˮܶζԹԷѨһЩ񾭵Ѩˮûй
ˮȭ⡢̫ԡа˼ȭ̷ȵȾʹãӰȣѾ¯࣬һĿɿڴ
ǿǲԾصǿߡ
ˮҲ֪صʵ⣬ǧصʵǳڵʵһʵʵصĺڡ
ˮھ֪Щ⻹ļģ֮ʵͲˣ̫Ӵ
˼ɽ
ˮٴγȥֱֱײ˰ԾǰǰŴ󿪵İԾֵܣķҲֻǱܵķ
ԣ
ۣ
Ծߵķݷ˳ȥһѪ
Ծغ󣬸оˣ֮ǰˮıһѪܲһѪˣһײһֱ޷ͻƵı϶ɶˡ
ȲСˮֶԷ΢Цſͷ
ˣǶԷڰԼɺϣҲɺϣҪ֪ײԼһ£ԼһˣƲ廹ڱһײ˲룬ͻ῵
ˣ϶ɶˣһͻоһԼ֪֮ĲжҲͲˣĵ¶΢Цл飬ллǷ顣
ԾˮһȻصλ
úܶ˶ԣصλİԾǱĿ԰ʳĵλܸߣ۾˵Ҳûǰš
ˮ΢Цվʥ̨ϣȻĿΧȻ󿪿ڣڵһӣϣ뷨һʱˣ˲ʶȤĻҾͲˡ
ڳ˷һˣҲеλˣ˵ĻȻɴ̶ܶȴѡ˳Ĭ
ǻʳͲǻʳ˺дˣǿɹҲ԰ɣȻǰˡ
һվĵ˵
ǿϹ֣ǿϹ֡
ǰϼһﶼҪ֣̫ˡ
˭С̫ˣҪǿϹҲվ

µۺ֣ˮЩǿϹֺܲ򵥣ӦñԾǿ


1945 սǿϹ
ˮˣ˽ǿϹֵˣ˿ݣҲһձһͨӣɫĺۣܲѾվʥ̨ϣˮɸо˺ͨ
ǿɹһʹʳʳԼǻʳͬȵĴڣʳߣǺʹʳվ
ǿɹڱߣǼصһԼ֮Ҳǿһ
ˣǿɹΣ㿪
ˮٺһЦˮоеɭ
ˮоɭ˵ϼһаǿϹֵĳƺûиݵġ
ûȤ
ˮЦ˵
ǿɹкܶŮģÿһǾɫǿɹǸǸҪǸʵһ컻һʮʮҲԡ
ǿϹֺٺЦ
ˮüϼһǲһˣҪƺηΧĿΪ˵ܴ󣬶ΧƺǶôĳԾвȴ¶ɫ
֪ǲǶѾһˡ
ˮЦſǿϹ֡
ôܣѾʹˣˣûⷽȤˡ
ǿϹһ˵
Ҳ͵Ͳܹ˵ʹˣˣŮûȤˣ˾ͲңҲС
ôǿҵĽ飿
ǿϹٴ¶ɭЦݡ
ˮҡҡͷҲϲЩаš
ǿϹеɭһСҲ湻ģȻĳʣԼҪοԼҲֻ˵˵ˣҼһ£ȻǿɹĵλܸߣҲ
СӣǳǲңҪǽ˭˾ӦԷһΣ
ǿϹתתˮ
ˮҡҡͷûȤ
ǿϹʲôʱôһ׶ˮһΪ֣ŰʵҲǸ
ˮЦЦҵľԲ֮ǰ˵ˣŮûȤˣҪҲ˵ǲǡ
ǿϹְһðҲС˵ˣɣֵ¹ʱ˵
Ҳģʹˣ֡
ˮб벽ڳ˽ܶԷơ
ٺ١
ǿϹһЦȻӰͻȻһÿֱ϶һ߳տɫŽɫƵСߣɫķ⣬ͷǿϹֵʺ²
Сֻ߳³ȴг߰룬ޱȡ
տ̽ߣ
ˮ֪Զʱڵ֣Сȴ֮˻Ӳޱȣٶȿ죬һޱΣյĴڣ˵ⶫɱ
ɱˮļտʮ׳СȴϸǰСһӦΪ߳Ѿǳˡ
Сǿ󣬺ˮϲȴҪСģСıĻֱӻΪɫʯˣ·̽עһҲд̽ԭ
ˮڷԼͨսرһͻ֮Լʣʰٶ֣ɲ׳տ̽ߵĶ
Ⱥ裡
ǿϹֱֵĻ裬һĽӡٶȺܿ죬ǿϹ˲ʹӰ
˻˻
һʱ·Ҫ죬ˮû뵽߶ܷô
ܿˮ͸оһ˿ʵһӣˮ˫۴ϼһʵȻԼŪɰ׳ա
һ˲ˮʶеͼѸתΣռƻ⣬ʱѾһֻ꣬Щ궼տɫģѤޱȣԽѤԽ
ˮ񵲱ȴûа취ֵֵֹܵˮʿĹƺҲûãʵˮ֪ʲô͵Ĺ
ӦǾˮھĹԵ߳ɡ
ˮ붼֪ô˵źãƺΪ˰ģΪʵ̫ǿˡ
ںǰһˣֻǰǿڴ˵ҲǿˣӦһ仰Ҫ뵱үүȵӡ
ͨΧһͻȻʧ˺ܶ࣬ϾӰǻӰǲӰµģͣʱ̫ˮ΢ЦſӰһƣ㿪տ̽ߵĹ־һ̽
֣
ǿϹһֱûж֣ˮ֪ʲôԭ򣬶Է֣ˮͱ֡
ǱУ޷ܵģֵİԵ֮ˮһֱڿֵİԵҲױȵģ϶ԷľҪͷŵͨɱ
оһļĿ꣬Ҳзֱģȫ󱬺󱬣ʵֻĿˣԼһļֱ飬
ǿϹֱӱˮסϾˣҲûˣϾҲҪʵģҼʲǺܸߡ
ǿϹֹŹֵĿˮȻץԼҪ֪óľٶȣ뵽ʱָоƺﶼûãҪ֪֪ˮѧǱеľͲˡ


1946 貵һ壬
̤
ˮþûõս֮Ȼ̤
ֻһۿɼѨһӶȥˮҲͬʱʱ˹ȥϼһûһøУ϶ҪԼ
ȻսʱȫԸȫԸɱǲͬģһɱ֡
ˮɱԼҲǲģٶ۷壬ɵԪʵô࣬ٶҲǸ˺ܶ࣬һʹóóٶȵǿϹҲĪ
ֻǾһ˲䣬ˮоһĸоǿϹֵӰʧԭأֹˣϹͻȻԼˮͷҲصĻͷһȭȥ
ԣ
ȴͻȻϴһʹʹʹ裬ˮһˡ
̫ˣտ̽ҧˣ
ʹʲôˮڶĿԻǺܸߵģ̽ҲǶˮ廹ܵ˾޴Ӱ죬ͻȻ˺ö࣬ʱǿȴٴαƽ
Сӣ֮ǰ𲻴Ӧ޵Ĺǰ;
ǿϹɭɭ˵
ˮ¶΢Ц˵ʵоʲôǰ;
ǿϹϹʽɭЦŲæ˵˲ѾǵˣңҾִֻݻˡ
ҲǻҲݲҡ
ˮһ϶Ƕɡ
ٿһ£
ǿϹ˫ֳ͵ذףͣ˴ۣһֹ̣޵ĶĿȻˮƽ
ÿǣ
ˮϵ˵
֮ɣ
ǿϹֵһŤӰˮȥӰƮĥ
ǿϹĹ֮һǿղ
ˮ廹еľҲֻľսѾǺҪˣųǿϹ֣ˮҡҡͷ۾źܶз·ڱĿһ
ԣ
ˮ۾ͿǿϹֿѪȥ
ˮǰȴžɽ
ˮϸ˵һʹþɽԵУɵԪһʹã֮ǰҲֻϰ֪ɽ˺˺ﵽغڵ˺ǿϹָԲ
һ˶ˣʲôˮɥǿϹУҪ֪ǿϹֵΪ⣬ǿˣȴǱһ˴
ǸŵĴһʲô
СɽһôǿĹ
˽ž̾
ӦǱ֪ʲôġ
һӰǿϹײδ֪ǳĪġ
ô׵õ

ˮɽѾ֮̽ˣȻŲԶʥ̨ϵǿϹȥ
ܣ
ˮߵǿϹߵʱһŭ𣬲ֹˣˮоһɱ
϶ң
ʱļһȡ
ѾˣˮȴȻеѾֻƽս꪿͵ϮһߣǿϹӴе񣬴ʱԷҲһذףѪɫģٶȸ죬ذԼĲӴ
ˮʱѾԥϲбƽսֱǹһĴ̳
һ
ˮĻƽսһӱýˮյķ·һսһ㣬еĻƽսһɫıһ˵ϣֱӺһֱӽ˴̴

Χһжֹˣûκˮ֣һˮɱﵣһʮĿֲԽκһз飬ˮĿⱬҲǿԴ̴ˣǽԷĩ
ûпɣǿһкɱˡ
ǿ

ˮջػƽսꪣȻͷǿϹ֣Ҳˣ֮ǰľɽһֱײտ̽ڣʱȴǿϹֵߡ
ˮֱ֮տ̽ץսɾ¯סܣҲ⡣
ǿԴλ𣿡
ʱһϱе˵
ǿɹġ
ԣ
ˮվһߡ
ǿɹ̧λˣкҲûдֱ뿪ˣȫ뿪ˡ
ǿɹǽᶨˣˮģԼһǿɹڵʵûаʵУԼҪȥǺǺԼҪȥľ磬Ҫ鴦á
ˮͨļѾ֪ľ磬ĵطƼĵطǾݴ½۷ĵطӣʤ
֪ûɣ
ˮ棡
һҲû˿Ѿû˸ҺˮӣȥЦǲ
ˮҲ֪Ľ¶һЩǵʵǻҪȡ֡
һļ̨ʽʮŵϣѪ֮һʮܿˮͷʮʵѸһɱ˵Ļɢ
һļ涼ˡ


1947 ʽ֮һҶ
ʮһ˲ɫΣôҫۣʮʵʢʵҲۿɼţ˲šǡ
ļ嶼ڲ
ˮҲ⣬Ȼ֪ǵ֮壬һĸ죬ʽһӽʮȫѣѪ֮Ҫ֮һһͲһЩΪѪԭѪǾҲǺǿġ
ǿѪʵĿռ䡣
˵ļ֪ʮı仯ôͻĽʽʮԼʮʱʮվȽţڸãܿˮĲ֪˲Դʳʲô뷨ʵ˵֪ˮϴʳ
ˮ֪뷨һʵǿϿϵ⣬ˮûһʣ֮ԸΪһ֮ϲҵĸо
̨µҲһĶ֮ˣȻҲˣеǰɱʮϾһʵ˽вǺܴģˮͶһˮ
һɱǿĴڲǿǵģֻܿţͬʱﶼԼĴ㡣
һʱ䣬ɫ֮ɢȥڵʮʵֱӷһأӦϴһأһʵѾֲܿˣڵʮǺȣӵеѪõ
һʣˮĴڣʮҲ˳ĵλӣѸ£Ǵ¡
ˮǰĹŴҲãǰִҲãǴ½ʵܶһģֶҲһǰĹŴһ㶼ǻִ£ɱ˷ᱻͷš
һֶֻΣҲһ档
ˮļԼʮصʳǣڳǴ
ˮʮиʦҾ뿪Ҳǿ޺ˡ
ļ濪ĵ˵
˼ɲֱֲܣʮͽܣҲ˵õģҲһֱߵġ
ˮЦ˵ʮֻͽܣǾͺðˣҲãߴҲǲԡ
ʮһ֮ǴʳʣҪʣˮûĸλ
֪ʮȻʵǿһЩԱҲ⣬ʳҲԼĵ̵ģʮİȫ⡣
ŵ˵
ǾͺãʵҹƲöþҪ뿪ˡ
ˮҲΪ뿪Ҫչء
֪סģڸգȥɣǸˣ֪㵣ʲôﲻ£ˣʮҲˡ
˵
ˮﻹǺܿĵģʲôԭȴǺѵˡ
ûպǹҲģʮʵĿǰУǰȹʵӦвСĺô˼ǴʳĶ룬ϣһЩС֮
ˮЦ˵
ҵԪѾˣûвˣģʽչ顣
Цҡҡͷ
ɣҲ֪һҽߣԪ˲˯ʮû⣬ЧðҲûпܣʽүӣϣڣĻָҵѡ
ˮЦ˵
ʱʽ˽ȵ˵ҺүԪȻϣԪˡ
ʳ֪֮ж壬ѪҺȣ޷ģҿԻָĴڣָеһ֣ЩͿתԪеһ֡
ȻˮĿǰҲȫתرļģѾ˴޽ʱˮĻԪꡣ
˲˼飬Ȼһˣ˵ûпҲã˵ҲգڻܻȻģҲ뿴ļʮпߵһ
ˮó÷ƣ˻ʮһЩˮ뿪˵쿪ʼʮȹ̣ҲԪ
صõˮŮ˶ڣ˵⼸ҲҪţҰһʵ
ɵԪˮڵʵٴΰˣǹඥǿ֮Լ̼֮Ǳֱͻƾ磬ְ취ܳãѰʮһҲˣʺõĿ꣬һЩõҩﱦʲôĿԽʱٴ̣Ҫġ
ˮŮʵô࣬Ϊƽʱˮ˫ݣл˺ܶྫȻûеһζ࣬ȴ⼸ˮһֱڣԻ۵Ļǲٵġ
裬ɣ
ˮЦһҶ߳ȥȻͳϴκ̨յǸɽȡ
϶Ҫˮĺ԰ˣֻԼʹþеԼûˮΧụ̂ҲûʲôޣҰ൹һЩ
ˮûʲôֻһҶ֣ţɢɲʳ̻Ůˣĺ㣬һӽһǰˮоֱܷ۵ĸо
Լʦʦ㣬ԼǷޣʱи硭
ˮЩоܰ


1948 ǽ裬
ˮŽģһҶܵˮԼŤͷҪˣͰůůġ裬Ұ㣡
ˮ΢Ц˵
ˮҲ֪ô˵ˣȻƽȴ飬ֱݣһĵı¶
һҶһ㶣ΪôˮʲôԸ֪ǰҲ˵Ҳģоһֳ죬֮Լһֱ¶
ˮҲ㣡
㺰ˮ磬Ұ㣡
ˮ΢Ц˵
ǰɣ
һҶ̲סһ䡣
һûԼû¾ϲ٩ԼԼҲζˡ
ˮЦЦһѺᱧһҶҲûоȣķĲŽµݣӭϦţϦͺܳǵӰҲܳ
ǲҪ뿪ˡ
һҶȻ˵ˮͨˮʲôѩŮӡ
㣬ǲ㡣
ˮЦ˵
ѾܾˣǻؼҲûؼҿˣѾˣõǣвǵĲ࣬οǶ⣬˭㡣
ǿɹǽˣӦû꣬Ҫ뿪ҲƵĴãҲСɣһطûʲô⡣
⼸ˮһֱڽ̣ѧСɵҲһҶ̨գˮѧûʲô츳ˮֱ𵤰쾳硣
û뵽ر˳һҶ˿ѷɫҲһ޴ľϲ
ˮõİȫҲͷĺܶ࣬ҲͲǺܵһ֮ˣܺãиڻǸҸг
鲻ôģϲŮϲŮ˵һûںֻϲŮʵǷϻһʵһʱǰϲǮˣ˵ŮԲҲãҲãʵǮҲһʵǵõһ٣ͬҲһֿ֣׷Ϊ׷֣ӵŮ֣Ů˸ǮҲõ֣νʲôֻ׷һѣ˱ӵĶ
ﱾŮҪԼʣ˺װ߻ºܶ
ιһŮˡ
һҶЦŽлسˮ
ҵŮҪŮš
ˮǷһ¡
ⰲɽرһһҶͺˣȴǺܿģԼﻹǺҪġ
ŽߵŮˣ䷲Ůˣˮһȣ𽵹һʱһҶȴǰסֵ֣ϻؼҡ
ˮһ˵ȻĻ·˱һ
ˮﲼһ󷨣˵ﰲȫҲǷһ±ȽϺãһԻ濴ʲôҲģ·ʲôҲûһ
齣
Ҫ·
һҶ迴ˮɻʵ
ǰһǰüˣңҸɴ಻ˡ
ˮͷֱȥס˫Ľ·ȥˮ˫ǽߣһһҶѾס
鶯ˣ
½ȣˮһʪ֮أһ

һҶĿˮˮЦȡ룬۾ȴһҶ轿رǰͦΣѩϸİ˵ķ̺ѩһӳɢ֮
㻹û𡭡һҶ趼֪˵ʲôã֪ƣĻһƺԶ㡣
ˮٺЦһҲ
ʱɫѾˣʱͲˣڶѾҪˣΧĹʯˡ
ˮĽһĲһҶϡ
ʥ֣֮
ˮ˫Լͼ;ܻ֮ϵһҶ󣬶ܻڽ֮Уǰûʧֻںһˡ
ʱһĹȥ֮ǰѾ˾ת𵤻ǿ컯
룡
ˮʵͻƺֵģڴƱЧĲǿǿԵѻֻ꣬Ǳǿѡ
һҶ΢΢۾ڵϵͬʱһˮҲ֪ˣʵֻҪվѪһʵ˵ˣѪҲãҲգΪʵ
ѪͳҲУÿ˵ѪͳһҲΪʲôǿͬ࣬Ͳһֻ˺ŮˣҲЩҲΪʲôͬ꣬ʵȴȫͬ
˵ѪǿȳǺĵҩĹԼеɵĲͬ
ˮѪǿȴϹǿϺһЩԭڳ˾ʣѪҲþҲƺʵǸǿȡֶѡ
һʱ֮ѾˣһҶҲתϣʵѾԽǧ·ޱȣʱе׵ۼ
ˣصĽ


1949 庮ҷ
ˮüܿ;һҶȹӦûκ⡣
һҶֽվǲ˸׵磬ͷˮһҪĵ
ˮͷ˿һЩ
Űʱ䣬һ׵£ϸС׵磬ѩɫ׵ֱӹһҶ壬ȫһҶգʼ׵ĺҪ͸ɽߵĺô
һҶӰЩ׵ߣϸС׵类ϵգĻҲڲϵӣڵĹѪҺҲڲϵǿǿۿɼġ
ҲΪʲôڴֺ½ԭ򣬶ȹȥʵԵõɱǿԵõǿһɽʧܾͻҷ
е׵ѾСĴָϸˣлһЩϸ׵硣
ɽҪо͵׵磬˵ǾŵʵǾŲһһǿ󣬲ʱǲģÿһʱ䶼һһǿ
ԿһϵĶܣ㿪ִ׵磬ϸС׵磬һЩһ׵磬ֶ٣һ㶼һԵģһΣ߲һԵģһʱֻһ׵磬ֶһ߶Чһġ
ˮϵҲǺˣԻ׷ҲһԵĶһҶϾʹһҲûá
һҶޱȵ鶯׵Ĵ壬һϮӵƮȻɣˮһ߿ŶЩˣŮԼŮˣ뵽֮ǰԼתлĪ㡣
Ѿ߲ˣе׵඼Сֱ۴ϸҺֻܼкٵָͷϸһҶһδεĶ㿪޴׵磬䵽ЩϸС׵֮ա
ʱ䣬һҶɽǰǿ˺ܶܶ࣬Ĵִָ˵׵綼һҶգһ׵缴ȥʱһҶûж㿪һȽϴֵ׵硣
ˮһܿ췢һҶû£û£ȫǵ׵ˡ
ˮʵǰ׵оǿ뵽Լ٣ǵһϸ׵˵֡
׵ûˮĴһ֣һҶ賢һȻеǿȴˣһֱе׵ɢȥһҶƣҡҡ׹
ˮϽǰסҪϢȹһڵʵž޴ĺô
ˮ˵̨һ¡
һҶͷϥڲݵϣתһ֮󻺻۾ϵƣһɢݣ绪ˣüĿתˮѾͻˡ
Ǹϲ
ˮȻԸܵһҶʵһͷܲˡ
첻ˣǻȥɣ
һҶ𽣿˵
صʱҶˮһҶ˵㣬СһѾ˯ˣˮҪҰһҶ跿ҹȴǱ˳
ˮ֪һҶ뷨ʶŮΣҡҡͷ庮ҷķȥ
һƣſˡ
庮ҷû˯һ鼮ţˮЦ˵ˣ
˵ȥ˺ˮһ
ѵ¹⣬ڷһʡ
庮ҷķʯ٣ԱȽϰ鶼һŹʯ¿ġ
ôˣǲлҪ˵
ˮЦԱߡ
庮ҷһ첻ȴǺܿģסˮĲ˵ĺˡ
ˮһ㶣𡣡
ܾˣˮȻǺܼҲûпƣΪһ뿪֮庮ҷҲУû뵽뿪֮ǰȴˣҲá
ˮʵģһ庮ҷ˵ʲôҲ٣Դº֮˵
ڵ庮ҷ˵ʲôûжĺҪ
ˮʵ֪庮ҷʺǿʵʲôҲӰ쵽̥ģ˵Ҳֻһ£ˮˣȷǻˡ
ʺ;ʽµĺˮҲڴ֪ܴﵽʲôĳɾͣ
ʵˮ庮ҷķһ˶

ڶˮǰʹģû뵽ļʽԼʮˣˮĽӭӵá
ʦ
ʮĵĴк
һҶŮкʱеˣʮǺĽʦ
һҶ庮ҷǺ̹ȻʣµŮ˾еˡ
ˮȰϴ跥ļ֮ųĶأϻٵĻһǰȥˡ
Чǲģ˵Ԫ˲ʮ꣬ʽһٶʮ꣬ЩȻǴŵģ̫ǲġ
ԪˣʵҲһأ⵹һ֮ϲ
һķʢˣȻȱԵҲ޲ڣϲˮ˲٣Ͼɾ̫ˣҲܶࡣ
ˮʮȹʵԼͽܣԼߺ󣬼ŮöͽܵʵһҪǿܺ
ʮʵȹһǧܲˣˮεǿɱҲǾ̸Ǳս񴫳ߣʵϿԺˡ


1950 ҲŲû󡭡
ʮλү֮ɫѾǰˣûµˮֱӽɾ
¯ˮ뵽տ̽ߣСǺöˮС¶΢ЦڻУΪҸˡ
һҶڵʵֲܿ㹻ˣ̨պˮһ¼񵲱ҲԼޣҲһҶ趼Ҫй֮޲
庮ҷʵȻһûʵѾͻƵһҶ費ѷɫ٣ֶҲǽڵʵ
ǺȻѷһЩҲصߣǿǺŮһ塣
ͨʵѾʼ׷ˣˮǿԴﵽسڣѾܲˣȻһҶŮһΣ⼸ĽȴǱǰ֮ࡣ
ɾ֮ѾǰˣˮҡҡͷԼҪ뿪⼸еæˡ
óԷҲǸԳԸԵģϾ˶ˣŸԵķ䡣
ڴҲ֪庮ҷе飬ǿˮĿԹˣˮǲûߵһ˭֪һˮŮˡ
ˮ룬Ҳûʲôܵľٶʱ֮һϢƺûˡ
ˮڴҲûںǸɫŮûˮҲûе԰εľ磬ԷΣһпԵ֣ǿҲ
ˮ֪ôľ̨ˣŮˮǲˣӵһμ濪ʼעˣοˮҲ֪ŮϲԼģֻ޷߹Լһء
ˣ
ˮ̨յķš
Ĵ򿪣¶ŵߵգˮһЩ䣬ϢǻУһӡϢȥ̫ˡ
ǰˮеԼ
վʲôɣ
ˮվſڷ㶣̨еЦ˵
ˮЦЦ߽ȥ̨սŹϣɫǺûеʱ򣬷е㰵ʯѾʼɢ΢Ĺ⣬ʯ棬ºڣԽ·Ǹһʯͷһ
̫ˣղŻûϡ
ˮǺЦ߽ȥ
ˮҲǵһν̨յķ䣬ķؽ򵥣һ˿㣬һȾɫǰɫ
̨պһҲû˵ʲôһɳ¡
ˮߵ£̨Ҳû˵ʲô
ϵ㣬κˮȲ˵ζڡ
ˮľٶ̨ҲǼֲ֣Ťͷ
˫ˮ˲֪ٴĶѣе죬һĴȥ̨סԴһֻԼĶͷ
ˮЦסֻ֣ҹҪȥԶĵط
ţҪСģ̨ʵҲ֪һ죬ˮѾܾˡ
ûʲô˵𡣡ˮЦ˵
˵ʲǫ̂ǳЦʵ
˵㰮ʲôġˮЦ˵
Ұ㣡ֱ̨˵
ˮɴ۾ܴܲ飬Ȼ˵ġ
ô
̨ƺͻȻˡ
һ㡣
Ҳᡣ
ˮеϺ̨ܿϤЦݣǸʲôʱҵŮˡ
һֱŮˡ
̨պ˵
ǲǡ
˵ǿҵģ˵㡭˵̨˵ȥҲˡ
ˮ֮ǰ˵ԼǿԼ󻶡
󻶣ãСգĺܺ棬ǳˣôԼġˮĿ̨գ۶֪
ȥҲŲû󡭡̨ĵˮһۡ
֪ܰǸоģ浶ǹĸ꣬ѵͲǳǡ
㻹˵̨סˮ죬ɶļһ˵ȥ⻵Լ
ǰûⷽ뷨ˮýִ̼Ѩȴﵽ۷壬ָоδйֲʳŮִ˲룬ʱһ˻᲻ָͣо
ÿǸʱ޵ݣԼÿζԼ־ѹƣʱѹƲסϵĻˮһμ龰Ȼʱ꣬ϾΨһһΣָо޷ǣϺˮһִ̼ϵЩѨԺܾǰָоϤ
Сգ㶯ˡˮϢе㲻ȵ̨ա
ˮĻ̨յ˫۶ǳһ˿һ˿Ȼɢ
ˮȥ˳סǺԸе촽̨ûοֽѾܶκϤˡ
ˮ̨յȫˣȴǱֹ̨ס·ˮߣҪϴ
Сˮˣϴʵְֹﵽ۷塣


1951 ǿտ̽
ˮˣû뵽Ĺı˻˵ĻˮеѪҺֱҪˣһĳ˵ľ·ֱҪͷһ
һΣ
ˮ߹ƻ
̨ղ˵ˮ֪̫ˣ̫߻ͻ±ˣ˵𣿡
ˮһֻʹֹϡ
̨յһеĵطˮֲֹܿģˮоƾһֱԿԳǰ˵ﲮ⣬ԳΪһʥ
̨յ͵һԸе촽һ˿޵ˮһ˫ֿʼ㰴
̨ս糺죬˫ǰΪѾȫˡ
ˮֱ֫˫ȴϵĻ̨һĲˮϵ˵һЩ޵ݵĻ
ԣ۾
ˮֲϵĻ̨޷ﵽֵһ̣ţˮǿ԰յġ
̨յ˫Ȼǰܱ֮ͦҰȫڸǣˮ֮ͦʱ̨ոоޱȵȴޱȵС
Ҳ΢΢Ť·
һֱܣΪˮ֪ں۷һ̡
ˮÿ̨յ˫֣ʱѩ׵ľĶǣˮ֪ôݣѩļ⻬ϸûһ˿覴ãȳһֲ࣬һֲ٣¡ķ˶ͦûΪŶ˿Ρ
Ҫ֪һŮˣͦΣʱͶ᲻վŻſŵʱͦΡ
Ƕ˵ķۣѩ׵ļԽĽΡ
ˮͷֱסһ㡭
̨ˣˮȴû㣬ھҲˣοЩʱһҶ庮ҷԲǰһز֪ζ
ˮʼʹýģû뵽ʱЧرĺãΪ֮ǰѪҺһǿʢ״̬
ʱ̨һ˿ңʵˮڿԸ·̨ˮǲܵĻᣬԲϵӡ
̨սֻʣˣ΢΢۾
ˮķ壬ˮڵİĿ˫ѩױֱϣȼ¡𣬽¡Ļֿڸɡ
ʩ룡
շˮҲˮԼŮˣˮ˽֪ұˣоԼȻǲԼġ
ûصĽ̨ɵĶȹ˳ĽڣԽһʵ
ݹվؼֹʶĿŮˡ
ˮ߹̨տĸܵˮİ
նǵǰоرλáˮܸп̨֮һкá
ҲһԵ֣ҲֻԴˮס̨˺ܶ࣬ˮ򿪵Ļʲô治֪Ҳ֪ԼʣҲֻһԡ
Һ뿴㵱׵ӡˮ΢Ц˵
̨ˮһ̧ͷˮһ˿⣬Ȼƺһ˿ĵЦſˮһġ
һˮȣǰˮĸоһ˵㿴ʲôġ
˵СӻƯնһѾͷأ
ˮʵǶľ̨иӣϾܹ¶Ӧúܹ¶
ϲ
Ǿ˫̥
̨գ

ˮóųһտ̽ߣˮԼĴ㣬̨һԼǰ廢ڵģʵһҪǿҪȹ̣뵽Ѿ񵲱ҲһˣѾһʵ񵲱ԲҵĿˣʵ񵲱ҲԽǿ
տ̽ߺܺÿҴ½Ů˲ǰǰ㶼ߣο̨Ҳһǿˡ
տֻ̽߳СָϸѤޱȣ˫С۾ܻ飬˸оɭ˸ое㻬Ҳͦÿġ
̨ҲûоܾˮֱˣȻϹ꣬Щʱǲġ
տ̽ߵǿһǿߣȻҲֲиǿϽֲܿһǿߵֱϣ֮̽壬ѱ˺ǿߵĽʱԳʤǿߵٶԽ죬տ̽߾ͻԽֲ
֮ˮóϹ֮Ŀǿտ̽ߡ
ⶫҲصĳߵһ·ߣֵϬױȣտ̽ȻҲϬûϬտ̽ǿ֮̽ŶѪĶɾѹƣǿкܶ඼Ѫġ
տ̽ߵǿҲǿԺ޹˼ɵǿҩ߳ɱ޹ͱˡ
һѵĵҩȥڵտ̽ߴн׶೤ǲ֣Сϸڴ½˵΢СޣˮȴǸܵտ̽ߵĿ¡
տ̽ûг򣬵ȴǿԷУ½ն˿ӰжΪտ̽߶̨պڵտ̽սӺɻ˵ĸ첲ԼϣУӰˣտ̽ߵĿ׵á
̨նտ̽ߺϲһ֣տ̽߾Ͳĸ첲ϣ׳һʱԷ
ˮ뵽һտ̽ߣ庮ҷҪˣжΪһǿĴڣȻͶ˵õޣˮ֪ǸߣҲߵġ
ҲҪսҲɳˣ﹥һģɳĿռܸߣ⼸ԼҲûս¹ܵսѣˮҪ˵ʵ
ҲҪİҲ֣
˵ˣɫ񵲱ˮʱѾʵҲڵʵǸոڣһѾûˣ˺ǵĲˡ
ˮտ̽߸ͨ
ստ̽߼ֱ䣬ҲԴͨʵ

֪ǰ¹ȥˣˮѾ鶼ˣչˣպǹʳչҲǺףպǹҪĻʳеӰġ
ʵڵպǹѾҪչˣϾŮʵǿѾǳվˡ
ˮҪ뿪Ůǻպǹˮ庮ҷһҶһиչˣ庮ҷУԸҪСġ
ͨԼӳɲãڶһˣʳʣʮʮȻˮͽܣԼֵͨƣġ
ˮ뿪ǮҲҪȥһΣؼһΣϾѾܾûؼˣһ뿪֪Ҫá
壡
޴ͣ
ˮֱӳҹ˹ߡ
ҹ˹ܵһ󲨶֮һϲͻȻֵˮĵֱˮ
ҹ˹ķ䡣
ҹ˹޴ˮʱҲԻȥǲˮ˭룬ΪһξͻΣҪԼΪԼ뿪ʲôʧԼҲԭԼ
ˮסȻŮˡ
㣡ҹ˹˵
ˮеԸе촽һ£Ҳ㣡
ûлҹ˹ûʲô仯Ψһ仯ľʵŮ˵ʵֲܿûˮҲء
ҹ˹ҪսھĻΣ׻۰˸׻ÿһ׻ʱʱʵıǶôֲս
ˮ𾪣ԼڰͻƵأ۵İ׻ҵʵǰֻ
ꡭ
ˮţ뵽ֱӴҹ˹뿪ķ䣬ûмˣѯʹˣһаãҲǣҹ˹ڣأ۵İֻ׻εȿ£˵ҹ˹ңˮѾˡ
ûɣһɫȹ˵壬ׯûһ˿ƣһ˫ˮ˫ͫһ˿ʪȴִǵǿһ
ֿͣ󣬵ȴ˸оĳ죬ǰоСһ
о׺֮ͬ
£رĸ۵ŭطΣһյˮԸ۵Ĳλ޳ֱ˫ȣı͹һɵ·ǻ𣬷ˮÿο嶯
ҹ˹һ˿Ĵ⣬˫۾ȴǿ£峺һֹ⶯ʧˮֲɡ
ȴȥط㾪ϲˮЦ˵
쿴ľϲûٱϲˡ
ҹ˹ɳƣӦǴԣҲеԣǳ츾˵һ
ʩչУܿҵ徻ĵطˮʵȻҪȥ·ôòˮҲûʵѾΪһˡ
ֿ̫ãСʤ»飬ⶼǴˣҹ˹ϵȡŸӭˮ
һʱȥˡ
ʱҹ˹ķˮ˾޵ķ顣
ˮʼ׼ʲôģҹ˹ҲﵽڣҲų١
ҹ˹ٱŮĶҪȷʵ۰׻ֿ
ҹ˹ĸȽ
ڵҹ˹ˮֻصǰΪˮԼʵҹ˹裬ȻˮӮ񵲱ԼķǿԵֵס׻ҵĹ
ˮٶȺԼͨɱԼɽҪǿɴҹ˹ġ
ҹ˹۰ֻʵİ׻ˮ󶼸оսµĻǰֻֻ
˵ҹ˹ˮҪǿ̫ˣ˵ڷߣڴʳҲԺˡ


1952 ؼңȻӡ
ˮûҹ˹İ׻ǿӦǲ̫࣬οԷǰֻˮоɽһǿ󣬵ÿֻʹһΡ
ɽͬؾ磬屶ǿĶܻԵĵֵûжԷǿҲᱻˣ˵ӱ
Ҳˮʹþɽʮ˺ҹ˹İ׻ҲܲסϾ۳ɵޣܵϵ˺ֱӱɢʧġ
ⲻܺҹ˹ǿˮڳˮһԸҹ˹Ҳֲ˺ôɼҹ˹ǿ
ҹ˹迪ĵıˮȻͻƵؾ磬ڡ
ⲻҪģҪİ׻ֲģǰ׻תˮЦ˵ɵ뵽һ׻
ˮ뷨񣬲ɵĿҹ˹棬ҹ˹ôŮҲǽѣԽԽˡ
뵽֮ǰ컣ҹ˹Ҳ첻ѣһξ˺ͥԺȻ٣ˮֻҪӭˮԡ
ˮҹ˹ĽģҲرĿģŮǰԼǰǺŮģԼǰǵϷԼҲֻԼȨԼȴǸ߲ʣ˵Ϸˡ
ҲһεʵͻˮҲоԼһЩ仯ǰԼǰָо㹻죬ڻˣҹ˹¶СŮ̬ȴǺ⡣
ջͱˣȥûˡˮЦ˵
صң֪ˮȻǺܿģܾ̫õԭ򣬼ı仯ǺܴģرһЩСһڶܴˣСĶˡ

ˮ£ĵ߹ȥסûʲô仯ˮСʱһԼˮûºۼϢɢ
Сӣ֪ˮͷˮ￴ſĵЦݡ
һֱⲻһпϻˡˮЦź˴кŮ˻ǶŮһӵ
˺ܶ࣬һǺһᣬϾеıסˮֵġ
˵Ҳ˰ɡ׺Ц˵
ɿˮϾ»
۳͵㶼ûڣмȴˮܾȡ
һСһ˳
ˮ죬֪ĶӣһԼĺӣϴ뿪ʱûУӦߺŷеġ
ܿĵıˮȻˮЦ㿴Сһ㡣
ʲô֡ˮȥСһСһﵹҲûпܣİĿˮͱĳһ仰
ã
ˮˣҲǿĵЦˣˮСһ˵
仰˵ˮоֵֹģˡ
۳͵ʱˮڴ˴ˣ̫ˣҲζЦݣΪ۳һͺһСǸСѾͷ۵µޡ
⻹һ˫졭
Ҫ֪ˮûпԿƣҲüŮиӣҲϲȻ䲻󣬵ҲˣΪƺʵԭ򣬻вôףȻˮԼһЩ취Ҳ׵㣬ˮв׵ҲǺѣϾʱ䣬ԲǺܼ
۳ǰɣҲ࣬ԽöŮͼϵŮˣˮÿο˶ֲʵҪǰе㲻£ǹŴ
ˮ۳㣬еŮŵڵŵҲʮˣĵıˮĲӣŵ㡣
ˮܿģԼŮѪֹ׽رĺá
Ҳŵ
۳СѾͷҲǺüˣˮϾ뿪üˣʱĿˮ
ˮֺӶʵе˲ȴһֱ֮ǰСһһֱŵ۳Ů֪ǶиСû֣֡
Ǹ磬೺СѾͷͽɰɣǼҵСŮˮͶǵ֡
һŴȥʱÿԬմˮһ㶣ʲôʱġ
ԬոջҲҩҲǶǰȥġ
յң
ˮСһߵԬߣҪҪ
ԬЦСһԴҿɲСһ
һ㶼ˮ˵ʣȻˮҲһЩ⣬֪һжҲͺˣҹ˹ڣҸ⣬ˮҹ˹ŷ޴͡
ϣһǰǺߺһŵ㣬Լؼоͷˡ


1953 Ůͼһܣ౴
ˮΪԼĶิӣڣʵˮһŮˣ³ԶŻԼĻҲֻһŮˣһǷĵģȴǸӵģĿܵõŮ˵İϲԼϲŮˣӰ룬˺Ҳһһ֮֡
ҲŰ˽ģҪΣʵԽԽأЩŮܵõһѾϱĸϧҲĵĺǻ
ϧ޷ͣҪϵǿԼҲҪǿǣֻԲ÷ֿ̫Զ
һŮÿһܶȴŸԵչˣһҶ庮ҷ̨յӦպȻ庮ҷǹ̨ħЩҪʵѾͺϲˡ
̨ѾдħǨƹȥþͻʵȫϲ
ˮΧŶСӣһЩĺӶһţ̨诺Լɷöɽϲˡ
ôˣ
ˮǵǲóɻģҪ˵кˡ
۳ʵܲҹ˹ҪѷɫˣŮͼϵŮƺĳˮ֪Ƕʲô⼸ǵʵϴ֮䶼в
۳ʵڴأʵҲأ۳е㲻磬׺µʵﵽأ͵ࡣ
ƶ˵ʵѷɫˣʲôӦ۷ˡ
£ˮҲûа취ʱ䣬ˮĿǰʵһҪĸ׳١
˫͵࣬ˮоǵʵƺԼЩϵӦþԼŮͼһ˵ĹϵɣԼʵͻԴǣ
ˮȷоӦǣǰǵʵҲչ⼸Ľչǿֲʹ֮ҲǺףǸоر˳ͻƺҲǺѣҲ˳ɹ
ʵ治ںڵҲ֪кӣǷҪ£ڹ涼ˣڿԳףҲڡ
۳Ц˵
ݣ峺ޱȣųȴֲʧ嫣һμʱĮһ䣬Ʈ칬Ʈ
һҶǳף׺µǴǣʦװ䣬۳ǵۺһ㣬˫۾Ľ⼸ںϣֻƾһ˫۾Ȼ
⵹ǲһйǱģЩؾ̫ˣֱΥס
ˮЦ˵
ˣ˵ЩˣλãǴҿǺġ
ҹ˹ǺЦ
ҾڼҶЩʱ䡣
ˮЦ˵
ˮ֪̫ͣãΪиǿɹԼ֮ǰҪ黯ˡ
ˮǺܵģļ棬֪ǿɹʹʳԼǻʳȲ࣬ļԼģˮԲŵˮѺŮˡ
ˮļģȻҲ
ˮ磡
౴΢Цſˮ
ڵ౴ҲһǿߣˮĻ౴ҳɾߵһ౴ҲǲСˣˣڴ½ǾԵˡ
౴ڵʵѾǿߣأɾˮҲǷ˲ٵľҵСǵˮҲǺġ
Ѿͷ
ˮ֪ﶼû౴ʲôλãûо֮ǰԬ˵ģСǰˮ౴һˮһǴˣòûλˣˮԼŮǡкӡ
౴ĵıˮˮڶˣҶоİˡ
겻һҲûж೤ʱ䣬౴ŬʹˮԴһЩʲôģÿˮͨѨϴ跥
ѾͷҵСʲôʱˮ綼㣬һֱ˺òá
ˮЦ˵
ˣҲˮ硣
ãûϲˣ
ˮЦʵ
һȴ౴ˡ
Ϸˮ֪СѾͷˣڻ϶ɻˣǷģһ㶼һЩСʲôﲻҪͱ
֣ҵСӡ
ʱຣ˵
֣ңľˣûȥС䲻С
Ѿͷϲ֣ûб濴ô򵥣оǸңСѾؾˡ
ˮļ˾ʵȻǿʶȴ̫࣬Ǽǿһ
ŶôҸҪȥˡ
ˮȷʵ뿴ˡ
ˮ磬֣Ҳһֱ㣬Ǻܳġ
౴ĵ˵
Ǵʲôʱɻ顣
ˮЦʵ
ǲʶ꣬Ժ˵ɡ
౴˵
ҸѰѹء
ˮЦˡ
ظˮϣǸĴ壬ɲܺ౴ˮ֪˶ϰܶ࣬ŮзŮԺûλȻ˺ϲڼеλĻ˵


1954 飬С
ǼѾۺˣʵҲȹ̵ķչڤѾ۷壬ʵսҲǿģȻĴ֮̿ͣ̿еߡ
ˮɲ֪ڤڤģ΢Цӣˮ֪ڤԼӣսʱֻһӡ
ѧĶӣĺܶܶ࣬ͨŹ̫ԼɣˮѾ·ϣܸİһЩҩ͸ʱ΢һЩʵΪһһҪԼŬ
̫⣬⶯Σʺ̫ˣʤǿʱŵѧѨʹɣ
ˮЦ˵
ţлл
ĵ˵
͵ˡ
ˮЦ˵
ûأ
ǰˮһ첲
ŮģҲ
죬㽿
ˮҲеΣԴЦŮˣҪ߷ɣҪǿﻹҪǳ𡣡
ǵĴʵҶôѧѧɣѧЩҪ
ЦЦƲ׺¡
ڿûѧ٣ѧٵһ̫ܶ½ʵʵѧҲ°빦ɣͨѧʮҲѧһꡣ
ˮǲɿڵģѧȻ٣õȴһĻʴȣھߵģѾˡ
Ҿ֪ˡ
쿪ʼѧϰһЩĶѣѧҲס
ˮЦ˵ȻŮ̫ϸ񣬵һЩǱġ
˵ӸŮˮԼСǺȻ˵һɣҪľͶ࣬ŮǿݵĶ̫࣬ѹѧһЩǸȤĶٲУõҩϹඥһЩĶǵʵ
ҲˣˮҲˡ
ŮΪ̫ãʲǣѲ࣬һˣˮõҩͱİ취ҲСżˣǲܺԼ˱ȡ
ʱ䣬ᱻԽԽԶ
ˮ֪ŮʵҲܺǿԼֵܽãǰ˵ٷ־ʮŵĺˮϰٷ֮һ츳ܳɹǿŬþ޴󣬵һְοΪ˭֪ǰٷ֮һ츳Ȱٷ־ʮŵĺˮҪ
ն˵˵æʲô
ˮЦߵλá
΢ЦˮߣˮȻܿġ
ڸˡ
Ц˵
ˮǿ΢Цŵһ˿į
Ůˣ֪ΪˣҲһЩԼˡ
ǻ𡣡
ˮ§յļһڼСûߵġ
ţһʱͻŮûʲôǰ;͵ǿˡ
տĵ˵
ˮеᣬԼǿҽ츳ȴ޷ģҲֻ޵һ㡣
˭˵ŮѾͷ㲻κ˱
ˮЦ˵
ǵŮȻ˵ұˡ
Ѿͷ쿪ʼѧ󷨰ɣҪľھŹϣһѧѨŮֻһĶʺϡ
ˮĿա
ҿ𣿡
ʵһʧȷе˵Լʧǲˮʧ
ˮΪˣҲǴСӹģһĺܶ࣬ȻԿյĹǣЦ˵Ѿͷǵ飬ǵĽԶǡ
Цˣܿģƺ˺ܶࡣ
ˮ֮Ҫ󷨣֪Ů˼άܺãǰҲѧһЩƤëˮҲѧ̫󷨣һ͹ˣԵĻԶѧ
Ź󷨵ġ
Ҳǵ顣
ͼˮ
ҲˣˮǣŮ츳ǾѣСԼģɻǡ
ն
ˮ˵
ˮгǽӦûûȫ꣬ҲǳĽ
ˮûСμӹսˮڳ˱ҪһЩ϶ѾٲչˣϾˮ˦ˡ
޺͵ԼڤﻹѾΣ˼άʶˮˣЩԼұۣԺҲΪԼұۡ
ˮ쿴յʧ䣬ûʲôŮĸҪСˮõޣҪԼŮҲˡ
ˮгʱ˺𺳵ģСʵҲǺֲܿģȴǺˮĻȴǲҪŮ˼ҲҪ
ˮЦˣǲǺµûн۸
ҸҪҪҲûʲôá
е㲻Ȼ˵
ֻʵ̫ˣ˾ûзųѾͷˣкܶ޵ģҵʵ˦ʮֻ֣ҲΪԺѧϰõġ
ˮЦ˵
ջԥˮѾյһѪӡڽ˶Դϣˮͬʱڽػյӡò
ʦװһ߿Ϲŵ΢ЦҲҪѾ˼Ů


1955 ֣׷ħ
ˮһ뿪ҲҪܾãŮˣˮܾĿǷǺܶ࣬ʵ˾ǶŮʵ躢ǵѾˣҲǺĽҲеӢۡ
ˮ뿪ԼʲôվǣŮСҪˣǿԦʲǾñİ취ֲ
ҪǾԵģοյֻǲǶĶѡ
ˮսǺܿģûһ㼵ʣҲˮˣԼѽڤѾͷƾͲˣһ˵Լƫġ
ˮЦſ񣺡ԺǿһЩȥѱǿޡ
ڤҲǺˮһ˵ͻ仰ǸŬ
˽ǺܿĵģˮĸףչҲ쾭壬ǳ谮
ڶ첻ˮĶŮˮһпվͻŮͻƣҹ˹һҶͻһΡ
ӿȴгʵģ֣֮кԼŮˣϾֱôãǺԻ⼸ˮû˯
Ůʵ󲿷ֶһأʦװʵԼǺܵ͵ģҲעֹ飬ĿǰȻﲻԶﲻˮһоһĿʵԡ
֪ʹһܵʱȥˣһܶæʵ飬ˮҪ̸ǵĶʵе࣬ǷֿģÿѧĲǺܶࡣ
һҡ
ȻǺܶ˶֪ҵǿ󣬵ҶǿʵǺˮҲȫ֪ݵһЩ嵽׶ʲôʵûس֣˭Ҳ˵
ҹ˹ػˮǲڣ֪ҹ˹ǿĹûУʵҲ֪ȷеʵ֪ǿ󣬵۳ǻ֪ҹ˹ǿİ׻ǰֻ㹻ˡ
ˮһʵôŮҲ֪ҹ˹Ҳһأʵզˡ
ˮȿ˵ģһˣһſݵ޳ŲȴرĺһϢ΢磬˺ֲñϲ
ˮʵһۿ˾ܲµ֣
˵ʵѾؾˣˮĸܵһ˻ܣֻܸܵһأ۷塣
ʵӦĸ֣
üëŨܣֱȴвʧȱһֶ࣬ûڤаȣ˻׵õ˵š
ãˮɣ
ӿˮĵЦӭ
ˮҲ֣౴ȻᵽԼôӦټԼĻġ
Ӧ֣ɣС
ˮЦ˵
֣кѾˮˣˮҲ˽ģϴ౴֪н춼ģŮһһƯŮ˵ߵŮҲ֪ĵΡ
ˮã֣С㣬ҿǺܳġ֣ǺǵЦ
ƨĵģˮҲƣӦҲ֪Լһ̶˵оȨģҪСһһҪǰ˸ùϵ
ƨˣȥԺߣҲܺ棬ʲôļôﵽء
ˮЦű߱˵
һۿ֣ʵ֣ܳԾģҲ֪ɲ⣬ˮǸ౴һƺˮСϾ౴ҲͱˮСѡ
ˮʲôʵһҲܲ
֣Ļʵ
ˮ֪ôõ츳ôЦ˵ҵʵ֪Ҳʲô£ҵʵӣҶļܸȤ֪ǼɹΣ
ҲҪʲôɹˣˮ磬С˵Ҫ㿴֣ٺٵЦ
˽С𣿡ˮк֣ͤС
ˣˬΧҶ׷ףһҶļڱ
Ҳ˵ر˽⣬˽һģ֪ˮ絣ʲôϲ౴ҲʲôĻˣҲûͼıʲôҲʲôӵܡ
֣˵
ϧǰ׷ħߡ
ˮ̧ͷ֣ɫ䡣
ݼҲ֪еõУͷƽʱǺɫģֻҪʹð׷ħͻѩ׵ͷ
½ʲôеսǺ췢е֮һ
Ҳֻ˵һֹ˺ǿĿģҲû֪ľ
ֻԼ֪Լõǰ׷ħĴУȵĿˮǣ
ˮɵԪ֮ͨҲܲˮս񴫳ߡ
ս񴫳ߣǶġ
ˮ˵
֣ںͤϣ᲻ɱң֪Ƕģ׷ħҵĴЩ˷ָȻҵõ˴УΪЩԸҲս񴫳߶սġ
ὥʧʱ㱾Ծͻᷢ仯˵һжᱻƷ


1956 ħ֮Ѫ
ˮĻ·ըһĶߣ֣ҵĽ֮ӣʱõ˰׷ħĴ֮Ѿ֪ΪһЩħеϡʧǱʧ˵ججǱԱ仯ʱɱ޹ֶζҲоΪıԣҲħеİԵ֮Ƕᣬü̳߱Խħ
ϵñ֮дƶƶһһͷͻƣҲܻӶ
˵ԱƣʵӦñ񣬾ͺҰһֻķչѧ˸Ķܵ˸ĹԲŻԱơ
ļҲһ壬Ϊħˣĳ裬Ϊ޾ѡ
һֱڸԼסģһĸоزסʱԼ˶Լ
֣Ĭˣ̧֮ͷˮ磬֪ôҲٴСҲܸҸɱҲ㣬㲻ɱң浽ҿƲסһһԼ˶Լ֣Ļܹϡ
ˮҲе㾪ȣ֣ӦǸ壬ˮҲͷˣҪ˽һ£ˮȥ֣һˣ֣ǲǻħߣûħ֮Ѫ
ɣﳤ˵һ£ҹȥݷһ¡
ˮЦ˵
֣һ㶣Ͼ֪ԼݺɱԼѾǺˣϾս񴫳ߺħǶģʹڿɱԼѡ
ţãˮ磬ս񴫳ߣ㻹ħ𣿡
֣ʵ
ڵ֣ˮǰû֮ǰĴݣԼֱ౴˵ɲ⣬ԼܸıҲ˵ȻҪȥԼˡ
ΪˮȥҪʲô£Ϊ˽ս񴫳У˵˽һ˱Ѹ˽⡣
ģ
Ȼɱɱ˺üˣҵһҲħߡ
ˮЦ˵
仰֣ˣˮ֪֪Լħа취ֹ˵ģԼˡ
ˮ磬ܿסӵħԣ
֣ǲʵ
ˮЦû˵
Ҫ֪ΪѸħԣֱǰΣƺеʵˣôܲˮ˵ģԼһҪúץסᣬˣҲҪץס
ѾؾˣѾһЩʱܱ꣬ɱˣʱйڵһɱʱĻѪҺڣܿƣдս
ȥ֪Լһ䣬ϵɱ¾̺пԼҲпܽԳʧ
ʵ֪֣ҵķǿľȻѹƲסˡ
Ǵˣ֪ˮܿҲ޳İԼΪûȻԼں౴ɣΪɱ֮
ûпˮæҲǸˣ֪ڲǿڵĻᡣ
֣СһСŮӣҰ飬Ҳκ˺˭ԡ
ˮ΢Ц˵
֣ܸܵˮ΢Цŵϵ˭ҪǸҴ˵һܲҡ
Ҷ
κ˺ֱӵ˺Ūĸ飬֪ܺһҪȥ
ˮ˵ܳأǰĲĺȲ衣
֣΢΢ܸܵˮڵɱһ簲ȫصʵǰûκεֿ
֣ûеֿɫе԰ףû˵ʲôҲûжܣƺҲ¡
֪ϲСҿƲסԼΪҿԿסԼħ֮ѪҴûԼⷽܶԼš
֣˵ҲĶΡ
ˮ֪˵ģϾ֪ԼݣԼõʲôô仰ˮԿ϶û˵ˮʶޱŻеġ
ҲΪʲôˮ֪Լܿħ֮ѪҲΪʲôǰ̸СֱɱСζϾһйϵ
֣Ҳףˮܸм
һЩɵ飬ˮҲ֣˽ⲻ٣֣شңɹҲɶãǼĵӣڸһʱͺãһֱǼӵĶԷص㡣
ʮǰһõ˰׷ħĴУһͬ˦
ǰʼоеҪѪҺͲһЩԼ׷ħһЩж֪ħ֮Ѫԭ򣬴ҲһЩƵİ취α겻αЩʱ׵ʧȥЧ
ѾûһʼĿģħ֮Ѫʵֲǰ֢ȻǺôռˣˮ̨ճȥħ֮ѪЩɷֺʵչ
һʱ֣֮ȥ౴ˣˮԼһںԺ֣鲢ûൣģ˵ƷкܺãҪġ


1957 Ҹճɾ
ʲôô񣿡
һ
ˮȻ֪˿ͷЦſԬգѷݼôҲԶ˭֪õŮҽһֳ뻯ҽǿҩ
ŮŲŮͼŮ˵ò˼ܣ㣬ˮʱҲڿˮ
ˡ
ˮЦ˵
ˮԬ֮һֱ岻˿ӵǣҲûٽһ֪õ֪޻̸
ԬǰסˮĲӣˣ
ǻط̽һγɡ
ˮԬǾµףת鶯ϣһ˿ɢֱͦһ㣬һ˿
ˮԸе촽Уȴ΢΢ޣ΢΢һ˿Ļ˵Ȼ
ԽԽˣԬսĵˮһۡ
ˮĵӹһȻ̽ͷסԸеС죬̰ĸо˲ԡ
ԬսһһǿҵϢϮһ˫ǿı۰סܿ죬֪ʲôʱʼѾоˣű۸
׾ĻӦˮһĽǶСˮĿС
ˮ˫ҲûţȾ֮ͦɸ״Ԭձ޵ˮԽķ񣬶ԬյȡҲԽ̰
һֱˮ͵ʱԬƿˮɫ죬ˮ֮ǰʵѾ۷壬ԬôŮȻ񣬵Ͼлˮǻͷų
Ԭںֺܲһ˲·Ҫһе㳱ʪ
ʱ˫ˮɵ۾ĿˮٴαסˮĲӣڷ㣬Ҹţ
˵ˮһ¾Ѹٵˡ
ӰѸԶȥˮôһŻعѾͷˣ
ˮʵ֪ԬһԼŮˣϾ֮Ȼûһȴ޼䣬ϱֱˣоһǺö꣬ˮαΪˮҲһֱһˣƾʲôҲ
̨̺Ҳˣɷô˵ɷҲˮĸŮͽܣҲǵһŮ˶ǺȣǰˮŮһ
ŮҲˣ
ں֣ˮҲæ
¿ŶӣСҲǺøֻŮԵҲ̫ˣжŮ»治֪ÿһɫӵһѾ汲ոˡ
ףôôң
ˮǰ磬ˮַǺܲģӦǳ
صǰԺˮȥĸ
ֻǺ֣Сӵ˭㸸׿ɲ̾˵
ôоﲻϲŰˮЦ˵Ҳ֪ˮеžӵ˼
˵ҰͲºŮ˶Ȣ±۾˵
ˮһŬġ
һˮǺõ㣬һô㣬ȴôİ㣬Ҫġ
ţ֪

ˮԬյķѾǺҹˣŮ˴˯¿ڴϣʯ£ɫˮԬɫһ죬Ȼӿ죬ܿ졣
ˮţȻԬղſڴϣܵԬյ֪ܽš
û׼á
ˮЦ˵
Ѿ¶ˣǻǽŵ
Ԭտˮ˵
ˮıϻζһֱԼϣڶǴŵ˯£ˮ巴ӦȻıԬոܵˣôԵĶ벻֪ܡ
ԬһİͷˮˮҲܺЦѾͷһӺܴġ
ˮܿͬʱҲ֪ʲôʱˮѾ⿪Ԭ˯µ½һֻСӵѩ׷˶ĳˮǰҪˮˡ
һԬһһֱͦѹˮϣǶ֮պõˮУԬ˫Ĵ۾һգգĿˮǰ龰޵ݡ
ˮ͵ܲԣֱʹļɡʱİǶѩ׵ɽ֮С

кܿ촫Ľһֱ˰ϣ֮ԬſˮնŮˡ
һα׵ʱѾŮˡ
ռǿļһԬЦһ䡣
ˮ⼸ҽŹҩˣûȤ
ˮͷСǸǸ㲻Ҫôҵòá
ԬҲЦЦ˵Ҫһ㿴
ҵȻԸ⿴ҩٺҲûպá
ˮЦǷ˶һѡ
Ҷ
ˮĻԬﻹǺܿĵģȻһŹӵƤֽ


1958 ʽ𵤻Եǰ֣
ԬյǿҩϣԼҩҪ֪ˮҽҩϵҲֻһЩ򵥵ҩԬȴǿǿҩһЩƵҩ޸֮ǰ˵ĽҩˣʵǽŲƵĹҩȫˡ
ƵҩһǰҪŵ֣ǺҪһǹЧҲЧز٣ǵҩľϡ
Ҫҩһ֣һ־ҩĹЧУҪĲϲȫЧȱĲϡ
һûҩҲûЧֻвϣʱƣȻҩЧ
ѵһֻҩһЩϣʣµʲôҲûУѵģġ
ˮԬеҩ
һˮˣһʽ𵤣ȻЧʹֱӳΪʾߣеǸ磬ߵʵߵʵҪʼ¡
ʽ֮ԭֻͣʾ磬Ⱥн
ˮ֪ҲˣҲûȫԣˮ֪ԺûʲôʲôģоƮ죬Ϊǰʽ𵤾ͲôƳġ
ˮʽ𵤵ĲϾ֪Ժ˵û𵤵ҩҲǺƣΪڵʽҪĲϾʹղ룬Ҫһ˵ûС
ʾԪˮҲ֪ôŪ
ˮԬգԬ΢Цſ֪ˮҪҩҩô˵أһЩֵһᣬҲκȤ
ӣʾԪʲô֪𣿡
ˮֻҪҵʾԪƳʽ𵤡
Ԭձеһ㶣ɫһ죬˵ʾԪʼ޽ɵľԪ
ˮɫˣҩˣҩȱʲôҩҲȴʾԪĿ滻Ωܣʽ𵤵ĸûʽ𵤣ƳɹҲʽ𵤡
ˮɫԬЦˣʾԪȻңûУʼеǻɾԪģֻǷǳϡٶѣȥһЩطϢһЩɱʼĴڻʾԪ
ˮЦЦţ
ȻһҩһӵƤֽһܲ֡
Ե
һִڵļҩǰĽ;һִ򿪻ĵҩ˵ǿ򣬱ĻıԺһᶯٱصĶ
ھݴ½Щǿ
ԵڻԵ֣Ҳ컯һԵֵҩֱ֮ӷܶһûκЧһʵ΢Ǹ΢ȹ̣о΢һЩ츳һЩʣҲͻƵǰչأпֱͻһ󾳽磬ֱӴ쵽ʣоǴʣҲеľĳ繥ȡ
ʵЩεռúֱȽϴεҲǶоǻԵԵģԵӦҲࡣ
ǺöƺôƣϲǺܺҡ
ˮЦ˵
ԵĲѾҵˣЩûҵһЩĶ棬ȻҩЧ֮ǰҲûа취
ԬЦ˵
ҵܸɣٸһΡ
ԬһӺ²
ܿǽ˿Ŀˮ黹гʵ·ڷɣȴǴ󵨣󵨵ĿԼڵˡ
ˮȴֱһԬſԼϣȻЦһʿ
ֲˮԬգĿˮϣ۾΢΢ͷˮӣȻİڶ壬Ǳ֮Űڶ²ɢ֮

𴲺ɫҲˣԬհҩкܶĲ϶ˮƼζʧˣûгɹĿܣԾͲ˷ѲˣֻˮˣˮƲɹǾ˵ҩ⣬Ҳȷʵʵ
Щ֮ˮ׼ȥһ֣ңһǰֻһǰȥʲô鶼ûйϵ
౴飬Ҳзףˮһǰ౴ûйϵ
֣ң
֣ǨҲֻʱ䣬Ѿһңĵͷ߼۸֣ңȻֲô˽һЩ֣ҵʵ֮ܶ嶼֪֣ǸȻҲô˼ȥ֣ҡ
֣Ҳܵ͵û£Ҳſ˻֣ҲǶܳҡ
ʵˮҲ뷨ȻΪʲôǨ˵͵͵ŵ˲š
ϾһɹĴڣǲǸľ磬ӦҲ͵Ͼ֣ҵʵڣΧԵĸ롣
ˮ֣ſڵʱ֣Ѿˡ
ˮ磡
֣ЦŴк


1959 ֣үӣҸʣ
֣ǼһǺɵ
ˮЦҲǴкˡ
֣ſڵԼǸо֣ģȻħ֮Ѫ֢״ΪԼҽ治ʲôˮϣԷԸ
ǲǲҪ֮ûԵ޹ʵİҲûԵ޹ʵĺޣ˵Ŀ̫ǿӽ㣬ûһĿ˭ӽ㣬־ͬҲһ˫ĿһŻʲô־ͬϡ
ʲôͼıҪĳϣˮûп֣֪ԼԿħ֮Ѫ޶ԣ޶Ҳˣֻװ޶Է˸С
֣ҵ͵ļ壬˺٣ˮһЩǿϢֲ֣ҵĸط
֣ҵռܹ㣬һۿȥʮԺ䣬ÿԺжСׯԺǰԺмɽһ֣֡
ÿԺжһþ޴Ĳ֣סһ㣬һڳƷ֣ǺٵҶģߴߴסӦòٵ࣬Ͼǰ֮ߵľ޴ľ
߱߿ˮϲ֣ҵգٵĺͯϷһЩɫŮӣӦСĸףˮ֣ǿĵĴк
ɩӺãá
֣΢ЦźЩŮ˴кȻˮźԺȥ
֣ڵҵ֣үүҲϲʲôˣ֣λ˵ȴǾ޴ġ
λǣ
ߵԺʱһ꿡ݵ߳΢Ц˵
ˮˣĺ˧ζһɫ£ţͻһһرʣŮʦ̼Ů˷ɶ˻ǶŮ˸ͨɱ
С壬ˮˮ
֣˵ˮЦС壬֣˰٣֣ҵĸ֡
ʧˮãȻûҿ˵˵ӭ֣ҡ
˵
ǰãðû¡
˵
ˮҪүӣСҲһȥɣ
֣Ц˵
֣˰ٿˮˮЦŵͷǰһȥɣ
ˮҰ˰ٺˡ
ˮЦҡҡͷһȽǰѣԺٸҲ١
֣˰٣ǧŰ˰٣ʵ;֣˰ٵӦֻǵΪʲô֣һ֣ˮҲȥ롣
ԺһԺӣǺܴ󣬵ҲС֣ĵطˮû߽ѾܵһǿҵϢ֣˰ٸǿ֣˰ٵǿˮԸоѾǳԽʵ
˵ǲѾﵽˮĿǰǿĴڣ֣صĹ߻Ϊ˶ܣ֪ʲôʵ֣ұƵ̶ȡ
ˮ֣үү˲ǺϣԪϻźܳʱԻ
ڣٿԱ֣Ļҵ
ˮ֣֣˰һԺ˾͸ܵˣϤϢһİϢޣȻܵ˶Էʵֵĸоͷ·˲һȴʵĸܵˡ
һԡ㣬ˮʱ򿴵϶һȻֱ֮ŽȥûһֵһٷŽȥ
ˮ˾һ߿ţʱ䳤һյʱֵˣȻٴηŵ
˲κμɣһͨһ㣬档
˷·֪һ
ˮˣ˱ϾˣǿԿʱܿԴ֣˰ٺ֣Ͽ
ֹһյʱ˲ŻתȵĿˣţ˰ôпҲңȣˡ
ˮ΢Ц˵үӺã
ͷӵƤԼȾȻһû֣֣˰Ϊʲôˮ֪˵˼ʲô飬ҲǱһ֣ҵ̬ȡ
үүˮ
֣æ˵
ŶǸСŮҲ࣬°
΢Ц˵
˼ңҽǵ
ˮ΢ߡ
˵Ļˮе㲻ôˬҸ֣һ
ŶǾͺã֪֣ν£
˷ͻվ
ߺܸߣûձû͡
֣еεĿˮ֣˰ٵûʲô
ˮ֣û˵ʲôСûиԼ˵ʲôΪǼҶԸأԭ˾Ͳôͬ⣬֪û˱ҲԸ⡣
˵˸ǿļ壬ԾǲԹʵ
ˮЦ˵
ˮ£౴ϲСӣСӦҲϲ౴֣˲౴ѹ౴֣ңᱻ˿۸֣Ȣʲôģǿ౴Ǽ޹ȥҲһĻȨȻʱ֣޷ֹҵ
Ȼһ裬貢ǲܡ
о֣أ
ʱһȻ½ʮˣЩͷһŮˣŮмСӡ


1960 ʵ˵һУһ
ˮͷŮˣʮӣ׶겻̴֪棬ױеŨʱȴʢ˵Ŀˮ֮ǰĻ˵ġŮ˵е촽Ϳ޵ɫʣĵǺܻ𱬣ǾǸһʢ˵ĸо·˭˭Ƿһ
֪֣ʲôˣ
ˮЦʵʵ룬Ů˱֣ĸף౴޵֣Ҫſƾٵùˡ
ңҵˣ˵˭
ŮһָˣҲ֣үү
Ҳˮһ㶣ֲŮôţԭ֣ҵĸˮ֪Ů˵ʵһ㣬Ҳפо˵ӣΪ֣˰ĶӣҲ
ˮĿ֣үӣͷͦģôˣҪȢһŮˣܵ𣬿Ůˣôоǰӡ
֣ңооô
ˮŮҡҡͷ˵
˭֣ҡ
иŮСʵΧʲô˶
ҵˣСǸŮѵļˡ
ŶԭǸ֣ˡ
ɲСô㣬˭޸С˭ĸ

ˮмϡϡ󲿷ֶŮˣˮо⻹ͷʶ̣֣ȷʵҲʱ
˵أԭˣôˡ
֣ĸЦ˵
Ǻǣ֣䲻СһƵ㵽ɥ֮Ȯѣʲôֵýġ
ˮЦ˵
˵ɫڱˣĿˮȻΧ˵Ƕסڡ
˲ſˮʲô˼
ˮ˵ķӦ֪ԼʹûвУҲӦð˾ŲʮЦ˵֣˿һܽȴѹһһֳôǨûĻӦǱƵģԸģǵ͵ȴβסһ軹оΡ
һɺԣҵҪʲôʱ֣ô
ʱһ˳ݿ㣬֣˰е
󲮣ˮûжģҲҪʲô̸̸
֣ü˵
С֣ҵˣҪ֣Ϊأ󲮵ģҪˣǻҸüŵŮӡ
Ҳ΢΢üһ˿Ц
֣ˮԲˮ磬ģȢСԲһί
Сﻹûĸ
Ů˵
ĸѾˣ
֣˵
Сô˵Ҳĳ
û˵ҵĸȷʵˡ

ˮЦˣŮ֣ҲǶôĵó裬Ӧþĸҫ
֣ҿе㸴ӣʵҲӣҲǷֳɼʵѣ֮ǰ֣Ĵ󲮣һŸ֣һŵԵĴ塣
֣ҾǱ˱Ƴģ൱֣ܰұƳʵˮҲǺܺ棬Щûйϵˮܲˬ֣үӣôûһ
ˣ֣ҵҲþòˣ˯ȥ
ЦŴתطˡ
ˮһȻϼһʵƷһˮ͸оϼһﲻ򵥣Ƥ񣬻е޳ܣ͵˶ʲôˣˮ˵֣ɥ֮ȮҲûжôŭԼеʢ
ˮоûͷô֣һһЩС֮ģ̱ŮˣǸ֣ҵĴ󲮣Ҫ౴޵֣ңЩ˻Ҫʰһµġ
ʱ߳һݵ΢Цˮҽ֣棬Сĸףӭ֣ңȥ˵ɣ
֣һºͣʵȷʵôã֣硣
ˮû˵Ǹ֣Ĵ󲮿ˣС֣ң뿪
磬֣Ѿǰ֣ˣҪƽˡ
ʱ֣˰Ц˵
ˮʱЦЦɣ˵ôҲûãȴһٰɣ
ˮĻ˵⣬˵ֱӾˮȥԾɢ
˸оδɵСӣôǿҲԼĶ֣ԼغˣСӲ֣ǿ֣Ǹε̳Լʵ֣ǿܶ࣬ʰҲǺ֮䡣
ˮʵԿģ˸ˮʵҲ۷壬ȻͨǾԵĳڣҲǲ˶ǿ֣ǸξͲ̫ԶˣϾ飬κһܾһֹ㣬Ҳڵÿһ綼Ű˳ϵļʴӴ޴
ųˣˮֱһ֡
֣
ѹ
ˮֱס˶ԷȻֱˤ˵ϡһ֣Ĵ󲮻ͷ⻹㣬ѾһѪ
һУһ档
ҲϾˮڵʵ˶Է̫࣬ĻֱɱԷҲ練ơ


1961 Уת
Ȼˮһɱ֣Ĵ󲮣ûбҪɱԷͶԷûʲôޣвˮںеġ
ˮͶԷðһ㣬ΪԼǺ˭ǿ˭ǵǿ߲ˮǿȻǶԷˮĲˡ
֣Ĵ֣ȻģҲŽǰǿߣȻҲʱվ˵οڵ֣Ҽʵ֣Ĵ󲮣֣
֣ûһ˵˶ˣ֣֣˰Ҳ⣬Ǹ֣үӵСŮ˴ʱǱסӵĸһ仰Ҳ˵˼ĿǰһС
˶ڼжرأǸоԼļǿϣ֣ҵˣһЩŮ˺һЩʵôӴˣоԼʽ½ǿġ
ҲΪ֣Ͼݣƴһ֮أ֣һԵǳȻڣΧ˵Ĺά𾴣֣ҵĽ֪ľ˺ܶ˵档
ڣԵǿڱһһˤڵϣֱĳˣ֣ҼСһıˤڵϡ
֣֣ҵļ֣ĺӣȻϣ֣ĺӣûжӣ߲ò˵Ǹ⣬ڶŮȴûһһѵġ
ʵѾ޷ˣ֣֣ǱȻģûжӵ֣һϵûʲô˽ģ֣ҲԼĺһ֣ʵҲ󲮵ġ
֣ΪеȴҲаʱһһֱ֣Ȣ֣ҸǿеŮΪ֣ҵʵ
һʵҲܣΪ֣ĳɾͻܸߣǱڣҲǲܣڷҲҲ壬ȻͲôңȻˣȻǲڹе顣
ԼȴǱһһдܣⲻ֪Ǹϲһʧܣ֣СŮѵĸ磬ⲻԼŵҵСҲǿʼ¶ʵҲԼ˵Ļ
֣ƺе㿪ģΪ֪ԷѾˣ˵黹תǺ¡
ˣΧŸʲôøʲôȥʲô
ֱ֣Χɢȥ֣˰ٺ֣Լ֣ûߣ⻹һˣ
˱ܺãһֳĴƣܶׯŮˣȻû̫ĺۼһ۾ܿŮ˶µĳͳ졣
ˮҲ֪֣ĸףһŮˣû̫ߵΪɷ֣棬ʵѧôģǵʵҲۼˡ
Ǵ˶ܴﵽġ
֣ҵ֣ʵ֣˰Ҳ֣ǼΪᣬ⻹бĸ֣ϾͬһĲֻ֣үһˣ֣үӵֵܽãԼȣһЩǱҵĵȴһֱ֣ҵˡ
֣үûгˮ֪˾һʲôˣӦòˣҲûбҪ룬Ǹ;磬ʲô͸벻Ķѡ
һоͽԼĺ󱲣ںǱȽģ֣ұļ廹Ǻ˵ģ֣Һˣˡ
ˮǰɣʶ£ҽ֣֣Ҽӭ֣ҡ
֣΢Ц˵΢ЦҲͳ˿Ц
ˮҲ̲סһЦ⣬֣ǵү洫Ƥɴ߲СڣʵҲǳɴ߿ԲҪ
֣ã
ˮ˴ˣҲˬˣ˵ˮǱ˾һߣһɣ˶Ҳȥװ۸
ɣ磬ÿҲ̫á
ʱ֣˰ˮ˵֮˵
ԺԺеһ£ķ䲻ס˵ģͨܺãҲһЩӵľΣ̸һ˿ݻȴԵùӣ˿Ҳ
֣ʱҲĸĸˮҲִ֣һ飬СԭҲǲò
֣ĸĸǰһֽڣһֳţһΪʦߣ˸е˵ºͣһҲûУκ˸омӣҲһҲ˸оǲε͡
һʣرʡ
˵ССǹϵܺã㿴
֣Ų軺Цſڡ
֣ҽ첻̸飬С޲ȥҲżãҲҪڲὫҲᡣ
ˮЦɵ˵
ǣ³çˣ˵黹˽ɣȥݷ
֣̬ܵͣҲǫ
֣϶ǴЦҪ֪ǿǵһμԱ
֣ˮٿˣƺ˵ʲôҪʱˮ˵֣ңе¡
õģˮ磡
ˮĿҲﵽˣЦǣ֣ˮ뿪


1962 ڤɹּ
֣ҵǲˣ֣ҵûеʲô˱Ƶ磬ʱÿǣ֣ڣ֣ҵĳǿԼһ౴ӦûиĹޣ
صҵˮ౴ſڵԼˮĵĹˮĸ첲ˮ磡
ǲǵ֣
ˮЦʵ
౴ɫһӲ˵ûУ
ˣŮӣϲ˻ǻᶯ飬ˮ౴СѾͷڷǳˡ
İɣκģĻҪá
ˮο౴䣬׼ƵҩԬոĻԵҩͲ϶ˣҲˣʱҪҵʵ
ʱ˻ģˮʱһ㶣Ůˮ̫ûпˡ
һϮһһҶףһֹ°һ˿޵ЦݣʮһˣˮȵŮʵ
أ
һѾͷʱ￴ˮ¶ϲ
ȻֱӾ͵ˮߣסˮĲһ֮ǰĴ°˲ûˣСŮ
ˮ￪ĵתһȦѾͷˣ
ţʲôʱġ

һ˶ˣʱˮȵķԭںݣиݣڤɹĸ
ˮǾޱȣǿҲͲôˣ֪ⱱڤɹôмܻ쵽ڵʵǿǱ
Ȼسڵʵ֪ʵսڵҲֲôϾǿ֮źܶǿޡ
ѱҹ˹İ׻ԲѷɫӦҲᳬ׻̫ñȣϾ׻񼶹Ĺֻҹ˹
ҲûڱڤɹһЩ˵˲٣ڤɹҲûнֹ˵ڤɹһЩЩȻҪֹ
һ˵ˮҲ֪ڤɹ٣Ҳ࣬ұڤɹʵ㲻ΪʵǱڤɹģܵϱڤɹΪҪޣǿޣʵ˻Ҫǿ󣬶һ̫ˣŲסǾɵӡ
ڤɹλñˮٺԼʥɽһ½ػҪݣˮоӦѾˡ
мҪ㣬Ҳ֪ʲôʶ㡣óһѶڿĴϡ
ˮˣΪвʯͷСżСϤСˮ񵲱һһЩʯͷ̺ǿ
ʵϲˮе̷ʵһ֣װоǱװʵǶ죬Ҫ·ѥʲôģƱҪ׹֮ࡣ
ˮ֮ǰѾöƷʵ㣬ռָǣƱһ̶ϱԸǿһЩɽ
ֶˮʵһֱϧһֱûҵõĲϣҪ֪ɽ˵̫ǿˣΪٶȺ͹ֲ̫ˡ
ˮϵʯͷƷɽеǿοȱҪĲϡ
ЩһЩԵıˣԼڣҲԷһЩ
ȻˮĸС˿ǲ֪СʲôҲ֪ôˮͬԿ
ĸСС治֪ôģˮĸСһģһֻԼӱɱͨʲôġ
һǺ͸񵲲ģȴǱ񵲺һЩ˺񵲵ĹЧ֮⣬Ȼһһ빥һģģսһʱȴǿսʱһͬˣһƣһһȴˣˣ
ˮǸּһģֱˡ
һҹ˹ˣ׻Ӻܶ࣬ʱ䣬ͷսĴ
öҪҪʵãȻ˷ˣ񵲱ڸʵ׵û̫ãȻԸͬʵҲ˺
ˮбİ취Щʯͷʵ͵ñ񵲱ЧҪãʵߵÿܾǼߡ
ڿһЩˮޱȣҲӼһЩ˵ʵ
ˮǰǸӹıʹˣˮΪˮĹʹﵽǾɽһȴǲӣˮѾˡ
ʣµһˮŵɾˣûʺϵãţöҪҵʺϵˣȻ˷ˡ


1963 ɹƱԵ
֮󣬺ܿģû뵽СȻôǿˮԵ˺ĽΪ֮ǰˮѾ˵еĹЧ
ǵɫˮЦˣˣⶫãҲǿ˭õģӵʵʵйϵҲ˵ǿûǿһͨÿԺԲˡ
֪Ľˮ磬Ľ𡣡
ԺٺЦ
ˮԵԴһкѾɻˣҲãֻ౴һˣӦúܿͻɻˣ౴ɻˣҲͱʾһȫɼˡ
УĽɣһŪ㶫˵ⶫɱǵõСҪõöࡣˮЦ˵
ˮ磬ҲҪԸϽ˵

ˮֱӻصɾȻʼһЩȶ죬ȻûԼֶƣЩѲˮϹǿǵһ֣ˮ˵޵֮ˡ
׹壬˭ϲǸĸ
ˮ˵ûŪֶʵǺܸߵ˵ǵõСҪöƳˮ֪е㳬󣬱еĻҪúܶࡣ
Ҳ֪Ϊʵԭ򣬻Ϊ²̫ˡ
Ӧ߶аɣ
ЩһµУʵһ𼶱ϵĿһ񵲵˺µʵʵ񵲵˺ϵʵмʻٻ

ˮû뵽ԼƳ˱ˮҲ֪ΪʲôȻƳıС࣬Сƺǿ󣬵Ȼһ̶ϣӵͱС࣬ʲôƣ˵ֱӰС˦ʮ֡
½˵Ƿëǣ۵ʵҲ֮һ˵ˮЩжôıȻ˵ˣϾǴܴﵽҲǾôʮѾոˡ
ֶ˵Ѿȫɱͬʵµʵ˺Ѿվöִ򶼴򲻶ˡ
ٶȣͬʵвֲˡ
ɾµʱˮ˴ʮѾòˣˮЩϧûкõϣȻԼʵҲá
ʱˮֱӿʼƻԵ
Եֶ̫ˮ֪ǺöˮȴǺܿãΪԵǸ׼ˣ׼˾ͰҪһ㣬츳ΪԵǵҩ
ˮ߲ȱ츳ʺõˣԵˮ˵ǺҪġ
ʧܣ
ˮȵĿʧ˵ĵҩҪ֪ˮѾܾûʧˣֻҪҩûˣʧܣȴʧˣܸɴʧˣˮͣѵҩ⡣
ˮҩԬգԬվȻ˵ˣӦоûġ
ˮͻȻ۾һóҩٴϴһߣԼϴӣȻó߲ݣˮҪѽ߲ˣоһֱԼҩš
һλΪˮϴϣΪ˽߲ݣˮ֪ɹˡ
ˮԬ˲ٽ߲ݣˮǵԬ˵˺üζʧܣԬԵһӦǼ߲ݵġ
ˮҲǣֻ߲Ӱٷְٵĳɹʣ֮ǰҩ˵ĳɹǰٷ֮ʮĻӰٷְҲǰٷֶʮ½ҩʦĳɹʵǲˮάЩõĵҩ˷˶ټƷҩĲųɹġ
ȵĵҩҲָǴСӨ͸ɢǿ
ˮյרõƿС
һˮƳţ࣬Բ١
ʱˮѾԬ׼ҩģҲƲ˶٣ҲʮţֵҩÿֻܳһţûЧͿԵˡ
ɾɫҲʱ䣬Ҵ󲿷˶ˮ򺣶Ժ䡣
һСԺȴǿվСԺˮ﷢ˮƺûо졣
ˮߵߵʱתЦ˵ˮ
ôˣ£
ˮӵ뻳
ˮ֪ôڵĺеۣܸоеį
ûУе㣬ʱ㣬ȴǼ㡣
̧ͷ˵
ˮֱͦǣҲ㣬ʱҪߣ
ˢͺˣֱִʲôˮߵģȻˮ٩û˵åЩ벻֪ѡ
쵭
ˣٹʱֻҪˣҾͻϵߡ
ˮЦ
ⲻˮѾҪˣӦиʱʱؼˡ
Ե
ˮóƳĻԵ


1964 ûЧˣ
ףƳˣ
侪ȵ˵
Ҳ֪ԵҩԬո߹ҩ顣
ţƳ뵽㣬ܹ¶ÿ춼һεġ
ˮٺЦ
˵

ǽӹˮĻԵȥ
ˮеʵҲǿŮͼϵŮӣˮİҲصľ磬غ֮ĲܴҪʱҲǸãغ֮䲻Ͽֲ
Ҿ֮ǰӺҲž޴Ĳ࣬ˡ
ˮĸźı仯ǺʺãˮﻹûʲôףϾֵҩǿ˻ԵģҲ֪ǲ̫㣬ˮܳھݴ½Ѿˡ
ţж
ˮܵڷ˱仯Ϣûһ㶯Ҫˮʶܲġ
۾ˮеɻΪ䵽׵õʲôôȴǲܾȷ֪
Ϲŵ΢ЦЦſˮҵ츳ˣʵҲһоǵõһʵ
ˮ֪Ϊʲô޷ܺʵˣԭʵΪ츳ʣֱʵãͷ·⣬ԽĽŴ󣬻ԽС仯ԽС츳һ˵ĻҲΪʲôҪ츳ʣҲ츳ʺõĿ˦һԭͬŬȴǽ֮
һʵûؾ磬Ҳ˶ˣͻƵҲֻʱ⡣
ˮʹ𣬵õʲô
ʵ
һûС
һ㶣СĵʵǲƵĲࡣ
ˮ֪ʲôЦ˵࣬ˡ
ЦЦҲʹһŰɣҺԵõʲô
ˮͷûκԥһš
һ˵ĸо˲仯һȪһĸȻʲôоҲûˣǸо˺þûκηӦ
ʱѾ˺֮ǰʱ䣬Ҫлһ˿˿ߵǹȪˮоǲûһЧˡ
ˮź䣺ûкô
ˮ˵仰Լе㲻ţǻԵһ˿ȪĸоҲûˣûκα仯ˮòһʵǻԵûиԼκκô
ӲҪ˵ôǾһɵβ嵱С
ҲԺЧͳ
䰲ˮ
û£ѾõܶôˣԵ˻Եˣȥʹúô
ˮҲоʧ䣬̫ʧ䣬õѾһľϲˡ
ˮʹûԵĸԼֻҪµĶһƵıǰԵ˸˻ˣˮ˵ģԵǿĲһǰ㡣
һǵʵǺ֪ܶһ̤ۣЩǵ
Ѿۼˣⶫûˣû˴һۼãѾ͵ɣһҲûˡ
ɵʵɵĵ͵ʵǺǿıˣϾɱıﶼ켶ˡ
Եʹһţ̫СĺʱˣϾϻǲƵıﵹСĺҲУΪЩСӵĺôǾ޴ġ
ԵʹЧˮǺģΪԼһЧû֮⣬ȻЧҲһЩʣȻ˲࣬ͨ˺С֮Ĳ֪࣬츳ѵãһͨԵŻû˭ܰõ
ˮĵҲһ˶츳Ҳǿ֮ǰ츳ʣԽǲķӵԽ١
¸¥õĺô󣬵õһĺôȻǵ۳Ͳ׺£Ҳǵõ츳ʵӣӵĲ٣Ŀǰ˵ôǾ޴ģԶ˵Ӧõõġ
ˮĸ⹦֪ûãʹ𵤣Եûʲô˼ˣϱһһţԻøˡ
֣ˣͬʱĻ֣˰Լ֣ĸĸ֣Ҳˣˮ֪ʲôˡ
һˮûôǰ棬ຣͷΪ˭֪ԷӦˣຣ౴ĸ˵Ȩ
ʱ֣һʱ֣һΣˮħ֮Ѫ̨һȻħߣûֱ׶ˣҲûħ߽չѸٵŵ㡣
Ѿˣ򲻴ٳɵĶȣڵ֣Ҫʮʮʱȹ֮ǰʵ⻹ˮȻʵ棬ڽϡ
֣ǶˮѾүתƵˮϡ


1965 飬֣ҵĳ
һζ౴֣Ļ£ʱ£а£౴֣ҲСˣҲˣˮڼңҲһɺӵԭ
ﲻɽ¶ˮ֣ҸǿرˮһλڵҲɹʵˣɹ
ˮʵҲǿ˺ܶ࣬ʵǲغڣΪɽԭǿغڡ
ҹ˹ͼŮʵֲܿŮͼһЩڼˮĸ۰һʵˮԼΪߵŮҲĵȥû˽飬һʲôҲ޷ˡ
ˮŮ츳ʲĳɾ͵ǲ
µʱһζ
ˮҹһӣŮ˶ˣ̨̺Ҳڡ
౴֣ӣ֣ǴңҲǣԻ绹ǺֵģҵҲǢҵ໥Ͼ׼ˡ
˳Ľţˮû£һߺžƿΧﵹǺ
˼֣ңϾŮ
ˮﶼˣһӣһλϯ
ٽʱϯҲһ룬ʲôѾˣٹһϯҪʼ½½ɢˣһᵽģϾЩйϵԶнϵõߵԽ
ˮžƣͻȻü棬ΪһȺڵ߷ƺܴ
֣ңû뵽ǾȻŻл˭ǲƯ
һȴǲ
ˮϯ֣ˣ֣үҲڡˮ֣үӵɫˣǿƤҲ񣬵ȴɫüѿоƾš
ףô죬ŷˡ
֣ɫѿ
֣үվûü˵ѾʮˣЩŻ·Щ·ҲˣرĹ졣
Ϊ׵һˣ˿ܹ죬俴ƺᣬˮ֪Ҹ˺ܲᣬ֣үӵ䶼¡
òеаת֮˵ĺâһļµĸо
֣ͷɫƺܲÿɱŷҵܵܵĺҲŹ㡣
Ǹ˺ٺ˵˵е֮е
ŷɱģ
֣˰ɫѿ˵
һŮ𣬽֣˭飬ҽʹ綴ҿ˭Σ
һתٺٵЦ
ŷ̫Ȼһ㲻ú
֣վĶŶԷ
Ŷԭ鰡֣ҵϣȫˣҾͷ㣬һҪ㿴ҺӶٺٺ٣
ŷҹһЦ֮ޱȵĴ̶
ˮܸܵԷʵǿ󣬱̫ͷʵ̫޳ˣο౴ˮ౴ѿ
ŷʱ򿴵౴﷢Ӳпڸˡ
˵ֱ̽ץȥ
֣ɫѿͬȥֵŷ

ŷȥƲ޴ӡȻ
֣һ˲ͷѩף˫ƵĽӡȫӭŷ
ԣ
֣屻ĵɳȥһѪ
۵
ŷ֣ﲻм˵
ŷ̫ȻҸƴ
ʱ֣ү˳ɫķ·Ҫγˮ
ƴ֣ͷʲôƴҪɱҲֻգգ۶ѡ
ŷӵĲм
ˮھ֣ߣ˼ƣλǾǱƵ֣Ϸݵˡ
ǵģԲˮ磬ΪԷôҵ֣ңˡ
֣ε˵
˵˵Щ˵ɣ
ˮҲû˵ʲôɫҲѿν֪֪ˣ˽¶Է
ŷǸ壬ĹаҪȡҲŮ˵ľҲûʲô֣ҺŷһȴҲһֱǾˮˮŷһҵһý㣬ȡ˾ɱý㣬Һܷŭɱˣ˾ŷСӡ
֣˵Ľ˵һ¡
ˮ֪ŷһ޵ļ壬ȡĹаʵٶҲܿ죬һݵٳɷбףһԽ󣬱ҲԽ
һǸȣ
ʱ֣үѾͶԷ֣үӵʵǲͣȴǱŷѹŴٶѹ֣ͷһ
ŷĹ·ٶȺܿ죬Ϭƹʱ߳ɬϢɬĻһޱȵ
´
ͻȻ֣үеĴһתһɽһŷȥ
ߣС
ŷһ岻˷ٶһ˲·ʧһ㣬Ȼֱӳ֣үӵԣһȭʹ֣үӵߡ
꣡
ۣ


1966 ĳ
֣үһѪ߹ǵĹͷҲ˲٣ˮü֣үӵʵ֪ģھȻ˼ɵĴ򵹣ʲôʵﵽغڣǸǿ
ˮʶܵҲģԿ϶һ㣬˵ʵһ֮ϣһֱûг֣ȴû뵽֣үô챻򵹡
һȺԼɴˣ磡
˺ݺݵ˿ĭ
үүף
Ҹƴˣ
֣۾Ҫ˹ȥ

֣ү˵
֣Ӱֹͣ
֣үӱ˷վȻ߹Ƕˣ˵ʹʲô
ףǺƴˣ̫
֣嶼ڲ
ˮҪġǴʱҲͣˣҪ֣үӵҪô顣
ŷ֣ѾƵˣôҪϾɱΪ֣ûһơ
֣үɫѿޱȣȴ˿õĶŷ
ƣΪǲ֪ʲôƣҽžǡ
ŷƺһҲں
ֵĺã˵ɣʲô
֣үӴʱƽ
ȻļɱɱûʲôȻ㶼˵ˣҾˡ
ŷ¶ζЦݡ
Ц֣ҵ˶һ鴤ȻԷûᣬ˭֪Բʲô¡
ΪҵĶ֣ҵŮ˱ɱģҶĲʰ֪֣ʮò绨Ůҵǰ͸ҡ
ŷĵ˵
˵ĻƺоκεĲףˮоŷ治Ƕ޳ܵҲĿŵ˵ʱ޷⡣
һ㣬ǶԷʵǿе̫޼ɵϾܶ±̬ҲֻǱûԹ˵ϾмŮҪαװҲ鰮ġ
ŷ㲻Ҫ̫֡
֣үɫޱȣǳ衣
֣ҪǰͶԷƴ
ðɣҲе֣ɣҲ֣ҵˣҪˡ
ŷָˮߵ౴˵
룡
֣˵
֣ң֣ҵˣ룡
֣
֣ҵˣҾҪ֣ҵˣΣСҪˣһҪھȥ
ŷЦ
ĳ죬ȥﶴȥʲô⡣
ˮվ¿ڳ˵
ҲǺܷŭ赭д·Ŀôһ
˶Ǻܾ
ŷҲǾˣŵĿˮң
ûУҾȥĸȥ涪ۣ춴춴һʲô
ˮǺЦ

һŷŭˣۺҪбԵľ
˵϶ֻɫ治֪ôܻڣʵˣڷͰˣôġ
ˮŷ
ˮʵҲߣǵһμô޼ɵɫӶ˼룬ȻҲйϵ˫ݰ²һ
˫ݰǶԷкô˫ҲԴҲºͣ˫ݰˮ޵ҲǣͱǶźܴ洦¶ǹ̲
úáãͻûмôĶܣá
ŷ̵Ŀˮ
ˮ磬ŷʵǿ
֣ĵѵ
ˮڰ֣֣ȻǱֵĲǺܺãҲҲûа취ܵ˵ԣϾ֣ҿɲΪԼܵŷġ
Ҳˮо֣һԭ
һŷʧȻһ᲻
ˮһ⣬һ˿̣ԸЩôֶζ̡
Χɢˣҹ˹ˮʱػԶ
ɣ
ŷ˫һˮ
һɶһɫ֮·һһˮȥ
ˮ񵲱˸ˮķѾԽ
ˮ˫һ
˽ӡ
һĽˮǰγɣ粨һŷȥ
ÿһصӣˮľ˽ӡѾﵽ˾ؾ߾ˣȻֹˮһֱûͻƣֹȱٶױܡ
ִӡԸ;ףһ粨һĽӡž޴һһǿ
ˮ֮ʹ֪ŷԸһܣһʼܡ
ԡ
ŷֵ֪ԼƺˣӰҪܡ
֣
ˮɲô׶ҲҪڳһӡ
ž
ֽŷץסȻϱˣӡŷײһֱӽŷӰײѸٺˣɫˣˮʱ˫ٴνӡ
ʨӡ
һֻ޴ʨͷŷպֵʱѾˡ
ߵӡҲˡ


1967 նɱŷɱ
ŷɫѿߵҲ˲Ҳ˵ˣƺѾǺˣȻʨӡȴǿԶ֡
ŷҲ˫ֽӡȻߵӡϣ
飡
ӡѣŷٴκˣʣµӡ
ˮϱȻûƾŴӡԷһ̽Ҳ֪ԷʵţԸŷʲô顣
Сӣһ
ŷˮ˸Ǳɫе
˵Ѿˣôڸ治һʺÿ
ˮŷǺ飬裬硣

ŷһУҲѸ죬һСӰȴнһɣ˫۸׶࣬˫ȴ˫ӡ
ϰǸ°ȡ
ˡ
Ȼˮȥֱֻһķˮȥƺֱۡ
ô࣡
ˮǰһ֣ӰˣƵˮڿֲķǿԵӲϹҲ̫ܵ˺οͶԷ
ˮԷޱȵأϰ
ȴǽ׳ϷźֻɫĹʣˮ淢Ƶ·ڴһ
ˮ˫ȭսһõĶ֣ˮñģõĶһҪĥһԼ֣ˮڻ֮ûãɽҲûãûһ
Ź
ˮӰһƮĳŷߣÿγֶһȭ
ò˵ڵŷǺǿģȹֱ̣̫ۣҪǿΧȫƺһߵԵһʱܵˮķ
ˮŷǿԵֵסԼĽҲǣûҲôŰˡ
̤
ˮһ̤£Ӱٴͻ
֣
ˮƾĴ
ˮڽӽŷʱƿ֮¡

޴ı֮ˮӰһһתŷһߣһޡ
죬һ죡
ž
һ
һεƺأȴŷصƺҡһ£ȺСȷʵҡˡ
ǧ
ǧҲˮ̫յģһˮǧƿصһ磬һֱӿԽŷɡ
ŷ΢΢һҡڣСˮѾ㹻ˡ
ˢ
ˮ˷ֱһٶײ˹ȥ
ԣ
޴ŷһ̤̤̤ĺˮ֪ŷĹؼ̣̲ôʵͻۿۣҲܿͬʵŷһ
Ӱ磡
ˮӰһӰһȥ
ָȭ
ˮһָȭŷؿѨ
ƵŷɫѾ˱仯ϢѾŵɢӰٴκˣˮһͣҳоɱС
أͼڡ
ˮơָȰ⻹ϥǲͣ¡
ŷ·΢еĴˮĻܿ죬һ磬ܲ͸磬ֻʱŷڲϵĺǲͣѪ
ˮһȭһȭĻÿһȭÿһָǵ⣬ɽţǴ羢Ҫãֱǻŷ
ԣ
ˮһֱӽŷĲ߶ˣȥŷյģƺûйͷһ֮ǰˮŷ֣үӴľˣǽһߵ߹ǴļȫˣˮҲ֮֮ˡ
ֳһƬֿȭŷԷûлһ֡
ˮɱŷҪĲΪ֣үӣ˸ɱǲúоߵĲȻҹ˹ɱû⣬ˮ
֣ҲǾˣˣƵ֣Ͷ·ŷ˾ô򵥵ĴˮʲôʵֿȭһнһС
֣˺֣ܶ࣬ҲŵǴ˵еУһѹɱУҶ֪ûмкܶ˳ԣִ򷨵Ҫ̫ˣôϵġ
һβˮУѨͶϾжԷֻҪлһɱ򵹶Է㡣
ʵΪߵıܷӦһ㶼ĺܺãѨ;ˮóġ
ʵЩ֮㲻һ֮ˮ֮ǰŷʱлṥԷʽе𣬻оǾǴϲģִȴģرϵģöԷ
ݵĳĬŷҼһսǰһɭĺֱ˵һϣ̤ƽһ
ŷĶǺ֣üɶǱ֣үӶ˿ѷɫǿߣһͻ֣ٴһ󷢰ף϶׼ýս
ƾЩ߹ɱһ
ˮ̧ͷĿĶ֮ǰ˵ˡ


1968 뿪Եʵ
ɱ
Ϊ׵ˮĻɴ˵
ǰŷ˲٣ЩûзˮС
ɽ
ȥ
ɽŸͰԵֱһײʮ˺ɲǰЩ˿ԵֵģοİԵĶֱܻӽ赲űɡ
ʶžɽϵɱŷˣ
׼ֵ֣˴ʱſˮǰԵıɱɱɱʱǾ͸оˮھǡ
ɽǴĴ̼ʵ̫ˣɱд󲿷ֶߡ
߲Ǵײˡ
Ҳһʱ䣬ˮѾһɱԷȻԼɱƬײˮȻҲͲ
֣үһֱȻһˣȴǺܿģǷ·ת
үҸ㿴ˡ
ˮЦ˵
֣ѾȥɨЩʬˡ
Ҳֵˣ޷
ƺܿġ
ˮЦϵ˼£Ȼ˰߹ǽϣˮַر𣬺οʥֺ֮֮ȻֱȴǺһҲʹ֮Կ
үӣҿҽҵûǺʵġ
ˮЦ֡
֮ǰҪ֣ɲֻҺ֣ңڷݼһڣڼʶˮһ˾ŷңð֣ұƵͶ·ŷҡ
үӣŷҵı
ˮʵ
һת˵һطҲǺݣ˵⼸ʮѾŷҵĴ󲿷ʵʣµѾ򣬲Ҳ
ܲˣҲˣȥ顣
ˮЦ˵
̾ûˣͿȥŷʣĲɱϧԲ
лл֣ҵһġ
˿ĵ˵̹ϡ
ҿɲҪ׼ңѵǻ᲻𣿡
ˮ赭д˵
ģֻҪ֣һһ˻žͲܵκ˺
֣үӺ˵
ˮ֪ҲǱһҲһ̬ȣһˣڿͰ׻ˣ֣ұҪûˣڲúõģŷˣԼﻹһǿļˣⶼҲúҵĹϵǻֱײ
ŷҾݲˮ˵Զžпں̵ܶʱڴﵽԷϢûдȥˮѾŷҡ
ˮȫնɱϾЩ溢ӣˮֻǽһЩΪǿɱЩ˶ǻ๼֡
˳ѼһЩŷҵղأһ壬ﵽŷļ壬öвٵģˮθеֻõģ汻ˮҵһЩʯͷ
һЩˮıǽˮԵʱһ£ñǽ壬ӦÿԳΪԼķɽˡ
ˮ뵽ǰ˵еߣǿʲôģˮ֪ʲôɽԼıǽѺԼһ壬Ҽʮı͵ڿ˵һˣԺԺ;ɽһս
ˮĵԼĿƣԼҪɱУҪƾɽٶһɽԼʹã̰ãӦûǿԵģɽϬӦûģʱҲܻΪԼһɱ֮һء
صٴδ˴£ˮҲ뿪ˣһ뿪Ǻܷĵģҵʵɹˣڷ֣׼ңѾϿˡ
⼸Ůʵǿ

ˮ뿴뿪ʱ˸УһţԼ뿪ˡ
壡
ˮֱӳ˺ݵ
һˮûɽ뿪ˮﾲһˮûһ͸оԼƺЩһһ˵ɶ
ţĻԵֶˣ
ˮܾȣⶼȥˣ֮ǰʲôôûУȴƺиоˣˮһϲĪǻܵõʲôʵˮ˵ûʲôʵǿˡ
ۣ
ˮоԼƺͻĳһ΢ĸо΢ϵ嵤ߣеɽš
ƽҲʧˡ
ˮԼʵˣﵽȴֻһˮĹͷˡ
࣬Բ٣ԼҪǰľݷ磬ʵõġ
ţ
ˮ֪ԭˣԼʵӺı仯йϵǵСڸӵɢһׯϱ࣬ˮҲ塣
һˮˡ
壺򣩾ˣÿþѪ˴ΣǰԽеͼʮص㣬žõĵصӣʹ߿Щλôһ¿ÿλôΣÿοЯһƽڵһϢĴڣֻҪΧϢĻԶߡ
״̬
Ժ죨ޣ֮໥͵˴ߣκƣֻӵˣ


1969 һҶķ
ˮһ㶣ʵʵڻ⣬ϾԵЧҲ˵ʵڻԵİ˲٣ȴǾ絽˰˾еˡ
ˮ֮ǰǼˣһͻ磬оõĵصʮǰ˸
ˮ˵ֱӽпռ䣬ǾݵͼͼûбԵԵشɰˮҲܸܵĹоǺҲǿߣͺݷ·űеľ
ˮԼڻĸãˮһԥ˺ݸȴ̫ҲǺݵˣãǸ壬
㣬ˮʱûãԺ˺ʵĵطá
ˮĵǿЯһٷ׵ΧͣǳʮףԴһˣֻҪҪˮ԰ѼҲӵʲôģȥϼҴҲǺܷˡ
ˮֱ뿪ģŻԵԻȵٺǡ
ˮ뿪ҵʱһЩԵԬָһЩƻԵҩݡ
ͨ˿ˮȻġ
ǣǻԵˣҹҲͣ˶೤ʱҪ뿪
ˮֱӰѻԵһһš
ô˵Ҳסһɣ
弱˵
үҪȥסûůѡ
ӳɲǺЦ
Ŷһ
ˮһ߿ţֻЦһǺܰ˶Ӷһֶׯһ˿ġ
ˮǣͨȻһŻԵֱʵﵽڣˮ⣬ȻлԵҲǺ֣˵ǿս񴫳ߡ
ͨҲסˣⲻ֪㲻һ죬ӵʵеࡣ
˻Ǿϲĳɷ־Ӷ࣬ǺܹؼһΪصѵģ֪ű⣬ֱӰĲҲֲġ
ȻҲǵõͨеˡ
ˮԺһʱ䶼Ҫȹľ磬ˮû˵꣬е׵ۼˡ
ˮһλе㵣ģ˳Ҳƣߣһ׵ƾҪˡ
֪ͰˣˮǱ뿪ֱȥպ
պ
庮ҷѾˣǿʲôŮˮȻѯһ¼
һֱˮʹ˻Եˮ֪߲ˣоס죬ȻȥѪŮ￴ôʱˣ֪ڻòá
ŮĻԵƺȴ裬ˮƣ뵽ͨĪΪս񴫳ߵԭ̨գֻ˵ʵӶ٣̨ӵֱ࣬Ӵﵽ˺ˮĹ࣬ʾѾǿغˡ
ڣͬʱҲ٣Ȼںףٵ׵ƺ޴ڡ
æһоѾˣһģˮһˣɫˣˮͻƹϵȴǾһҶ庮ҷ
̨ճ˵һε⣬ϸڻȫˮŮˡ
ˮ֪ٴջҲ֪ƶ˵ĸоȴǾûһ
ˮպᵽһĵط
һҶЦ˵
ˮ룬˵Ѿ;Ǻţü룺ʱǲҪˣҪᣬҲҪ̫Զ
Ȱᵽʥô
һҶʵ
ˮһ㶣ʥʥɽѪŮ룬ͷΪʲôҪᵽ
ֵĶࡣ
һҶЦ˵
ʥɽӦò
ʥѾǽˣǹϵܺð
һҶЦøˡ
ˮʳ̻Ůˣ˵Ůлֱ˵Ȼҿɾͼҷźˡ
ҷȻ֪Ǵƨƨ
˷ˣʹӦòã
һҶ貢ˮһ飬Ů˵ǿһ˵־
ã
ˮе㵣ǵʱѪŮʷʲôͻ뵽ʥӦûʲôġ
ˮСƯ
ˮεЦЦҲ֪˵ʲô֪ˣˮǣ鵱ʱչʵеϡ
һҶǰסˮӣˣֻʥ˵ģûб˼÷Ҫòá
Ӧǵһ˵ɬԽԽˮ˵Ķһ˵һŮԼ˿һʵеԵʵ޷󣬹ֲеϲµʱ˵ЩһЩ׵ⶼһ־οǾɫ
ˮסǵĺΣ֪˵ЩҲޱȣ˵ˣиǰֱסԸе촽

ˮ뿪ˣպȥҲһģоʥȻ֣ҪģҪӦΪ˶ѪŮиӦӦһҶͼŮ˼
ˮЩˣڵʵֻҪ뱱һûκġ


1970 ѪŮʣʥŮ
ʥɽ
֮ˮѾʥɽﲻò˵Ǹĵط֣һĵط˺ܶ࣬Щ˵ʥġ
һҲǺܾ֮ǰˣǰˡ
ˮ֣ԼʥӡûΪʱĮżȻͷѵĳɷ־Ӷ࣬ûб롣
ˮϤʥɽ֮ȥס֪֮ʥûʥɽ
ȻûڣˮҲûȥˣֱѪŮķȥ
һѪŮͿֻѪŮɵһ˿ңѪŮޣѩϸ壬ֻˮ˵ƻۣǵĳûǿʹǿڵסٴ⣬ʹ֣ʱˮȴѸٵ뿪
ˮΪԼϢܶԷʵ֪ѪŮʵϢѪŮѾǷޣѾѪŮʵϢ
ˮ˳߽Ǹɽһĵط
û
һÿþ޴ľķҲһһȻˮһ
ľ֮ϣһСŮııţٶȲǺܿ죬ȴһɹŹֵɣһͷҵĳȴһȾµСڱʯ۾ˮһޱȵ鶯
СŮƺûпˮһֱܵˮԶƺŷˮȻĿˮ
ˮϴ΢ЦСѾͷʲô֡
㣡
СѾͷ鶯һתȻŤͷܡ
ܱߺףл
ˮüͷһߣôСôǸԱһôŹеСħȴޡ
ʥŮˮ֪ԼŮʥŮ
СѾͷģȴǺд͸ⲻһ˲ΧֲٵѪŮĶѪŮĸ߲㣬ѪŮҲˣˮʱһ㶣Ȼ˸øʲôȥʲôˡ
ѪŮʱܵԼǰŮЦˮ
ˣ
ˮǰסôоˡ
ͷĿΪѪŮڣҲˮˮŻˮ
㣡룬룡
ѪŮ˵
Ҳ㣬룡
Ѿͷ캰
ѪŮСѾͷЦʱϹſĵ΢Ц
ЦǷĵģСѾͷǺĿˮֿѪŮʣףʲô
ѪŮЦԴǺһѾͷ׵ˡ
СѾͷƺˣƺûȴǹԹԵˮ
ˮֱסСѾͷҲûоܾǸŮѪԭֻΪˮϵȻϢ
ţҵŮһ׳ΪҸˣòѾͷ
ˮЦ˵
ѾһˣСҲǳ磬ŵǰҲ׶԰ˡ
ˮѪŮ߳ɽȡ
˫ŮӣˮôҲû뵽ŮͼһȻû뵽ߵ㣬ˮʱҲῴˮĿԵʱһ
ˮҲе죬΢΢ס֣ҪŮڣˮڡ
û˵ĵطˮŮ˻ԵڰѪŮʵҪŮ˯֮ˡ
ѪŮʵʵһһߵĴУѪһĴУˣŮͼϵŮӣױˣʵȻҲﵽǰڡ
ѪŮʵˮô⣬ϾһߣѪŮһҲǿһ壬һߣԽߵĴʵȻǿᡣ
ԵѪŮʵı仯ѾʶѪԭ򣬾ȻֱѪŮڽһŽ𵤡
ˮҲǽ𵤣Ϊ
û뵽ѪŮҲһŽ𵤡
ˮһ¾֪𵤺Ľ𵤲ͬһʵ۵һ̶ȽɵĽ𵤣½ǺܶߣǵҲѨֹ壬ҲһЩҺ̬͹̬ǹ̬ʵĽҲǺѺѡ
ѪŮֱӴﵽ۷塣
ˮϴķʽǱܰʵĻӦÿԴﵽغڡ
ѪŮʵʵǿٶ죬ѧһǿһҲޱȵϬ͸о˺ѪҲֲܿǿѹƶԷΨһȱĴ
ˮóǸҲˮԭ򣬺øڵϣΪѪŮװģ˵ѪŮʵˮ԰ȸҪɽˣˮ𵤵ġһֲʵ;
һ֮࣬СѾͷʱͳڸǳƵһˣĳɾͱﶼǲ˿ѷɫ
ˮóԼƵһ׹СѾͷϣȻûʲôãΪһ׵İֹˮ²ٵĵҩѪŮʣǸŮ׼ġ
óһѪŮʴϣÿһռ䱦ռĿռˣѪŮһ죬ϸĵİԼϣһ̸о˵ǰ飬飬ԼҪˣԼŮһرǿŮϲɫĺ㣬ҲϲãоԼҲǳ˳谮㡣
ϣˮӵѪŮʣʪĻ֮УǻµĸооѪŮʵһĲѾδﵽ۷壬ʱ룬糺죬ˮǿҵĳ˵Ժ


1971 سǣǼңڤɹ
ѪŮˮİ˳ĴﵽغڣҲһľϲˣսҲŽǰˡȹһֵܿʱ䣬ˮÿ춼ѪŮʺŮĿӰʧˡ
У
壡
ˮֱʹԼµǸ㣬ҲǺݵʥɽڵλãǺˣֻıԵ
ˮڸ߿գȻ󻺻䣬ѸٳһĴϣⷱĴϣͻȻ˲ʲô飬עⶼûС
Ľֵܿˮ֮ǰκεطĶҵҲ˲٣ĿʥﶼѶãٺǸӵķĽߣռ㣬¥ǵ
ֵ·һּӲʯ棬ʯһĵѻٻ޳Ѹٵıš
Ľֵȴǲӵ·ߵһһӦоУɫɫˣˮɨ˶ӣӱ뺷󲿷ֵʵǲ졣
绹ͨ˶ࡣ
ˮİĶ֪ʲôطҲûиоʲôе˳Ⱥ߱¡
λƯС㣬ٵ˻ߣߵ𣿡
һḡ
ˮüͷһ壬չˣΧǰ治ԶˮʵڲЩ飬Ȼʵںǿôܹ࣬ܶ١
󵨣ҶǣڤɹŹǵġ
һ
Ҵ󵨣ٻǴ󵨣ΪҲ֪˭ڤɹǣǼҿɲǣҽͶԣҿڤɹô
֮ǰḡЦ
ˮһڤɹⲻڵɹ𣬲ôڵɹɣ
뵽ˮ˹ȥһȺΧŮӡ
ŮӶᣬһ³ȹųҲǸŮˣʱɫѿĿŶһˡ
ˮҲˣһѩ׳ۣһңȣݰףüĿ㣬ֻһ˫ÿ۾вʱĸһ˿ḡа
һӣˮۡ
Ȼḡһ۲۵УʵҲһۼ𣬰벽ˡ
֣ҰðǼҵŮץ
ḡһ֡
ߵʮ˻ֱŮӳȥ
ˮûǰŮӵɫѿųҲųЩɱȥ
ŮӵʵǸ겻磬˲٣ЩȴǱǸҪѷɫܶ࣬ŮҲܲס˶࣬Ȼɱǽ֧
£ˣǼҵˣɱǼˣǲ֪
˵ֱŮӳȥеֱһŮӵȥ
Ѩ
ˮ۾һḡѨַѾлˣǼҴԼģԼС硣
ž
һѾһŮֱǺһӵڵϣòһ˿
һŮɫ󾪣еĳһ佣ƷεĵԴǰء
ʵ̫ˣʵҲǼҰ°ɣ
˵˵ֱһնŮֱȥ
ˮ֪ŮӵסˣԼ֣ŮӹҪ˴ˣ֪ʲô¡
ˮҡҡͷӰһֱӳŮߣסҵӣӶˮ˵ţҲûһ
ɫˣ֪ˣûг˿ҲͲˣҲûֶĿˮôƺΪʲôҪǼҹȥ
Ҫɱ㣬練ƣλҵѣҽ첻ɱˣɣ
ˮ˵ӵһֱӰӴ˻ҡ
ɫһ԰ף֪˸֣һǺܸߵĸ֣Ϊ˲֪ӣֻ֪߲ɻңǰ˾Ȼߡ
ߣߣ
ɫѿ˼ȻͷˮôƺسûмǵôǿĴڡ
ˮЦЦҡҡͷһ۶ûдﵽˣܿʲôǿĴڡ
˵ˮ֮ǰǸŮϵ£¸ɫ䣬ǼҿɾΪĴѨʹΪسǿڡǰƺҲᣬƺĳʹõĸӸ
лȣ
ˮڰ֣߰ɣлһ˵
Ůûԥˮ뿪ˮ±˸٣֪ʲôһԼǼңسͻȻԼôһһЩ˵ע⡣
Ǳڤɹˡ
ˮŮ߽һҾ¥һλ¡
ǵģ֪Ǳڤɹ
˵ŮӿӷһЩرǰǶɽ壬·Ҫſ·һ˵һʱ䶼ע⵽ǰ˺ɫΪ̫ˣͻῴ
ֻ֪ʱŮǱڤɹʲôţСġ
ˮ˵


1972 ǰԼս
ัĸף
ŮӾ˵
ǰ
ˮ֪ŮǱڤɹû￴ҲǱڤɹˡ
̫ˣû뵽ัĸףั𣿡
ˮҡҡͷֻתתղҲڤɹ֮ġ

һģˮ֪ǴسǣǼǿĴڣĴڣسǺܴȻһǣʵΧĳǶڴسǵģ˵Ǽҵġ
ڤɹڴسǵΧУڤɹʲôֻбѩǱڤɹһǣһҲǺܴ󣬱ѩһصĴڣΪڤɹĴڣԺʹسǲࡣ
ڤɹûʲôǳأһɽݶⱱڤɹ˳϶ŮˣҶŮҲǱڤɹǼҶలµһԭ
ǼҲʱĻǿڤɹˣԵ±ڤɹǼĦϣǰǾˮˮ־ƺеҪϡ
ΪǼͻƣƺѾ˱ȱڤɹҲڰǰǼλѾڤɹˣҪȢڤɹΪޡ
˵ڤɹǸˣ
ˮЦˣǼ뷨롰ѪеİѱڤɹǼҵⲢǲܣֻҪܳɹǱڤɹҲͿ԰ѱڤɹշˣ㲻ȫշҲշ롣
ڤɹŮʵǺܸߣ֪Ĳ٣Щ洫ŵģ֪ҲΪִ֣һǼҵŮҲֻ֪һЩƤë
ˮ׼ȥһ±ѩǣ˳Ůͻرѩǡ
ŮûоܾϾȥƺܿͻᱻǼץ
ˮûŮôسǣǼҵϳǼҵߡ
͵׼뿪ʱ򣬾¥ѾΧסˣΪˮŮڴڵλãֱӱǿ¥Ŀ˲뿪ˣЦǼҰ£ߵˣɱ˿ǰ
ܿټľ¥ʣˮˣˮɲŲæɴٴε˾ơ
Ϊ׵ߺһˣ˵ʵѾﵽˣ֮ǰȥԷѾжϳˮĴʵسǳߣͱڤɹԸǼңⲻܲǼҶԴ¹ע
֪ѺͱڤɹʲôϵΪʲôҪǼң
˵ĸˡ
Ŀ࣬վһɽһò㣬˫Ŀţ͸¶侲ǸḡĶԱȡ
ˮҲе⣬һ壬竺Ӣ֮Ȼ군ˣǸ岻竣㲻ϴˣǼ己ʢĲ
ҺͱڤɹûκιϵҽǵһǿһȺ۸Се㲻ÿ
ˮЦ˵
ûгǼҵˣǼҲûкˮʲôޡ
ѣǴسǣɱǼȣɲԸǼһӣǼұл
˳Ͽҵ˵
ˮ˵ͱڤɹûйϵԼѾŵ̬˭Ǽӣ˺ǿܳΪѸá
иëֻҪˣͲ;֣ĺ˭ΪУСŮѾҵѡ
ˮҡҡͷ
ǰʱüͷԼΪ˵ԷһԼһӣǼһӣû뵽βǼҵϲӣǴسǣǼſ˴ŮǼҵͶˡ
ǰɲ֮ǰ٣ҪץŮȥһӵ⣬һ
ѣǲûˡ
ǰˮֱòҪΪУҪſȴҪǿļ壬ù˿Աһҹ֮ţΪ㲻ǿļ塣
˭ָ˵Լǿģˣ죬ʵܶǿ˲ŻᷢǶô֪Խǿ󷴶Խ͵
ɣǱһӮˣŮߣŮ£㿴ô
ǰˮ˵
ܹƽʵҲǰĴԼˣҪŮȻ˫ƴɱǼԷˣȻʲôҲ˵ˣҲû˵ˮ뿪
ˮȻҲ֪ԷĴ㣬ҲԼվڶԷҲôˮҲûоܾͷǴӦˡ
ǰֱſзȥܿ͵˰գˮЦŮ˵Եһᣬϻ
ҪСģ
ˮһ飬ǰ˺壬һЩ
ԼӶˣȻԼȻᣬϧԼк̫ˣҪֻ֪ҪܴﵽߣԼ䶼ųɻ飬ܴﵽԼɻĶ١
ˮգվǰ档
ѣرĸоΪС
ǰ΢Цſˮ
κΪУЩ¶Ǳۣɼ
ˮǰЦ


1973 ǷһǷͻӵɱ
ǰе㲻Ȼû˵֣룡
ǰûˮҲûóԸǰˮǰʵˮǿԺܳĸܵģʵģ۷ǿߡ
磬ˮ߻Ǻ׵ģӦǿǽıԵһǳصĶûǿǲܵģǰһЩеĸԽǷĳУʵҲԽǿ
ˮЦЦҲûпֱǰȥһָȥ
ǰɫޱ䣬׻˵мһֱ֪ûУﵽ̶֮һ֣һ֪ǲǿߡ
ˮһָӦǿȴǰǸо޿ɱܣȭȻˮһָȥ
˵ȭƣƲָɱ˵
ڵǰоԼֻȭֵ
ԣ
ǰ屻ȥˮӰȻһͻһָ
֮ǰһָƺûκεɻ
ǰɫӵѿһȭ
ԣ
һǰǵɳȥˮʱӰȣдһ˿ƮݣӰٴαƽͬһָ
һǰ۾Ѿ޿ɱܣһָȥҪ
ˮһָͷûеȥ΢Ц˵ǷһǷؾԼӵɱˡ
˵ˮص¥Ů֡
ŮӾ¥ˮĵ˵
ˮ̲סٴγ˳飬Ů˵߰ɣǻرѩǡ
һûǰˣһУȻУˮֻͬһоǰִֻУ˵ʵǰǿ٣ҲˮĶ֡
ǼûһȴǶ֪ǼĲԩǼҲǿǶ̫¡
˭һдǼҵǰʲôʱسǳôһǿߡ
ţŮرѩǣ˵˻᲻Ǳڤɹˡ
û˵ڤɹôһǿ˰
ʵ֪ʲô֪ľţһëûС
֮ǰˣ

ʲô𣿡
ʱǼҴǼҵĲм
ûУ˷·ڴسǸĳǳصȵضûгֹӰ
һͨ꺺˵
ǰˣ᲻Ǳڤɹˣ
һͷ׵˵
ͷףȴǺ棬Ӥһ˿ҲûУֻ˫ɣ۾˵Ӧһˡ
ӦòᣬǺͱڤɹ֮ҲǵһĦˣôһǿĸ֣Ҵ֮ǰõ鱨Ӧǵһسǣǵһⱱ򡣡
ףҪҪ֣Ȼǲ֪ڤɹǸŮ˵ʵ˲Ϊǣɼӽȡ
˵Ǹˣ쿡ʣϢ೤
ǶȢǸŮˣҲҪԴǼңǼҸ᣿
˵Ŀ絶ĿǸˡ
Ƕһ˲ɫףҲʪ͸׿ɱϣǶǰֳΪĽӰˣڶˡ
Ҳңѵ˻Ϊǵİʯ
ǶСʵ
ҲǼҳκ⣬һֱǲҪ֮Ҫ¶ȱ㣬Ҫ˿㣬дôҪ洫вҪЩǿҪҲҪģֻ붪Ҳᶪ
˻ܻ˵
ǰɫе㲻Ȼ˵Բףܣˡ
˰ڰ֣ⲻ㶪ĺܺá
Ƕǰһ˿⣬ޣһеʱҲ΢΢ͷġ
ˣκεĹٶҪǼƽδ֪ΣյУȻϡ
վ˵
ڤɹأ
һվ˵
˵ֵǽҲǼҵһ֧ұѾʲô֧֮λ
û˵ͷڹꡣ
˿ǽ˵Ȼֱ뿪ˡ
ǽ˵ıӰеɱǿңҲһţͷ
ߺʼ۷׷ףʵֳǼҵ֧Ҳ֧ΪʱڣԻŽһ¡
ˮŮǰѩǣѩǺʹسм͸һƳǣҪһ⼸ǻҪһʱ䣬ˮŮûһʱѾ˱ѩǡ
ѩûѩȴѩѩ׵ģǳؿҲѩһָоˮҲȥڤɹϾڱڤɹ
ˮûдôȻͻǰоǴ廢ڣ֪ڵ廢ڻǲڣѾ廢ɹҲ˵ء
ڤɽ
ڤɽһᴩѩǵľ޴ɽѩϱֿǱѩҲɽֲïܣӿп·һ޴
ڤɹڱڤɽмεıϣˮڱڤɽ±סˣȥŮʾȥͨһ¡
ˮҲǿЦ˵û£
ڹƻڼңѾڸ·ϣϾԼʱõ塣


1974 ڤڤѩʹ
ûһŮˣˮЦǹڴ㡣
ˮһ㶣ڤɹĹˮ֪ǸʲôϴڼҵʱҲûϸڿԼȻϾǲǿɿ֪Ůǳ뿪
ڤɽŶͷվ֮ԲﶼûʲôƬֲֻǵһЩʯɽϵ̳ġ
һ·󲿷ֶŮӣűڤɹеķװм仹ܵǿϢҪˮɽ۵ĺܵһرµϢ
Ϣ쳣׺֪Ϣ޵ġ
һֱɽſڶûŮЦ˵ǹ㡣
ˮ֪ŮͲȥˣͷ߽
Ÿ޴ӷŷֲڴУһʯһʯûʲôڿʯԶľʯʡ
ˮûüúÿͿʯˣһŮˡ
ӦǱڤɹĹɣ
һѪɫϵسȹ·Ӥһ㴵ƣֱͦѩһͷ˳˿˫۾೺ǻȴһ䣬ɢһȻȴŹ˵Ϣ΢Щ΢΢ʱ˻ɢ޾ϣ˲ֱӡ
ֻԲĶϹһϽ׹˸ĹâȻǷŮΪʹӡ̴ǼΪġ
ˮǰϵı׼㣬һװҡŮȴǺˮ߲࣬һ˿ҲˮȣȳơǲӯӯһյСһɫ˿ߣյ쾡£һеĺɫ磬õ˵ʸ߹߲ʣ
ǰ쳣ǰ½ŵø߸ߵģͦ״رִĳ嶯
ˮʱ䲻ǺܳеģڤɹĹӣҲɿǸ˹ƾҪ˵Ʒˡ
ȻŮҲǿԺܻģǰŮɢˮоˣŮǽģһЩǲмġ
ã֪ôƺллС׺С¡
Ů˻Ĵʯ˳
֮䣬˿Ʈöġ
ھˮߴͣһɵζˮУζܵޣôʱˮָоζ
ҽˮлֻ˳ֶѣ˵ŮҲ㱱ڤɹ
ˮЦ˵
Ů
ڤȵʵ
ȵɫرˣǰŮ˱𶫷֮ӵĴߵԭŮ˹ˣָ߲ʣˮ϶ûһƿԡ
Ů˵ڱڤɹǸʲô
ˮЦ˵û뵽СѾͷĸףһˡ
Ů¶˵΢Ц΢Ц˵ĺÿˮһ
ˮŮ˿ԼʱεЦЦƯѾôˡ
Ůƺûиоôˮûпʲôռк̰ûУ峺峺һ˿ޣˮе͡
ллҽбڤѩ
еª
Ůкˮ߽ڼ䣬ﵹʯʯʡ
´¶Ҫվţʯʸ̫ˡ
˺裬Ů˺ˮ£ְһ
Ů˵˫ѩϸǳȳƣʮָɢӨ˫ǰЩ¶
Ǹţ㲻ȥɣ
ڤѩԼҲһ΢Ц˵
ôᣬԼæҲʮ궼һ档
ˮҡҡͷ
ôæ
ڤѩҲе⡣
Ҳ֪æʲôϹæڤСΪѾһƬټĻҵ
ͣ
ô֪ΪҲʵѾǸ̫ˡ
ڤѩˮĻһЦ
ˮЦǸҽʦԸܵĻ۷壬һܳʱ䡣
ҽʦ⵹ʧˡ
ڤѩһ㶣ΪˮĻӦǸҽտҽʦ
Һڵı£ֵһᡣ
ˮ
㿴ûʲô⡣
ڤѩСʵ
ǰ˶иë֪ߵиҽĻû¾ͻÿԼôôʲôģǺ飬ھݴ½ʵͬҲǣ֮˺׳һЩ⣬Сⲻľͻɴ⡣
ˮһ±ڤѩȻ˵ûʲô⣡
ڤѩˮĻ֪ˮӦҲǸһҽʦ
ÿµǼӦòǺܺùȻ֮ˣӦҲܲ
ˮĻñڤѩһȣҲѵõĳһƺΣ˵ĶˣԼģû뵽ǿˡ


1975 Ѿˡˮ
˵ˮƺе㲻ף뵽ԼҽʦҽʦжǲˣûŮ֮֡
ڵıڤѩʵԼëܾˣ˲ٵŮҽʦȴûкתΪ׾κõģʱ佥ҲͲˣҲ֪ԼΪȻ޷˵ʵСǲеġ
ڲ֪ҪҪˮƣоҲȷˮܲκãκãԼҪҪΣ
֢״ĸԭ⣬ҲκãҲܺá
ˮ˵
Ҳܺã
ڤѩɻʵ
Ӧûгɻ飬ɻˣ֢ͣ״ҲȻ
ˮ˵ͻȻо⻰ͻ֮ǰһ˵ҽ˶ݣһ˵ٸкڣεͷŮĵ
˵ģûð˼
ˮ޹˵
ڤѩ֪ˮ˵ģиŮҽʦ˵ĻŮҽʦֻ˵ӣû˵İ취ˮ˵֮⣬˵˿Ρ
㻹˵ôΣ
ڤѩ΢΢ͷе졣
ˮ߲ʣ󲻿ԵŮˣôҲǸŮˣʱģޱȣ˵ľرĳ
ƺܼ򵥣Ϳˡ
ˮЦ˵
ǿɲԸΡҸǮ
ڤѩ̧ͷ˵
ˮЦˣ֮ҲøǮҳֿ޼۵ġ
ˮŮ˰ϸĴˮȣʵˮŮ˿Ժͱڤѩò˿ĶֻⱱڤѩȴǱһҲӰˮ
Ů˵ܺãܴܲһʣʵһ֮غʵֱ˵ʵϱˮҪǿ壬Ҳ˵ʵҲ⡣
ˮֻ˼룬ĵķʽһԼľ֮к֮ȻͺˣôˮûҪ˵ˣһ֮໥һһëֱӻһӰһ
ڤѩоůĺȻڻ֪ܲκãоƺĿκá
ܿˮˡ
֪ⱱʲôΪŮɣ
ڤѩˮ˵
Ȼǣ廢ڣû˵
ˮֱʵ
廢ڣ½ɹ̫ˣţëԺкܶ廢ں廢ɹʲôġ
ڤѩҡҡͷ
ˮҲûбʲôϣ
Ϊ廢ڵ𣿡
ڤѩʵ
ǣ廢ڲҲʵûʲô£ǳߣ˵ľһ
ˮ˵ʱĿűڤѩ
ϸľ磬ֻıԵⱱܴǰԿݸصǴŸԵݣ֪ʲôʱʼѾûˣҰѾڵʲôо;ˡ
ڤѩĸˮ˵
ڤѩĻˮһӦһǿľ磬ԼҪҵĲ𣬱ڤѩѾغڵʵȴⱱ
ڤС㣬˽ľ𣿡
ˮʵ
УͬҸǵǣŻΣգϣһСľͻǣһ㲻һ㲻˼޹
ڤСΪʲôûѡȥڵʵӦÿȥ˰ɣ
ˮģɵʵ
ڱҵʵԣǰģȻǲǿľͺܶˣûκΰȫԡ
ڤѩЦ˵
ˮ뵽ˣڤѩ̫ˣһò˴ɫԼҲҪ鷳
ʵﶼ޷㣬ԼʵսڤѩҲԺҲԳΪҵһң԰Ѽ˽ӵҲǲԡ
κңôллأ
ڤѩЦʵ
Ѿˡ
ˮü˵
ڤѩȥһ٣ԼһҪһΪӲܽԼĺˡ
ˣЦŮﻹҪչһ£ʱһڱ򣬻￪ҽʲôҲ˵
ˮվЦ˵
ŶҽݵĻڱѩǰҿ԰ҵط
ڤѩЦ˵
ʱ˵ɣҲõطˣѩǺòá
ʲôҲõط˲ѩǣѩǾô𣿡
ڤѩ˵
ˣˣԺ˵׼Ҫ鷳㡣

ˮɽʧӰڤѩҡҡͷȥ˺֣ʵҲǿܸܵˮʵȻѾغڣԼȻƺЩ磬ȴָое
ˮ뿪ڱѩй䣬׼￪ãȻҽ·ߣ￪ûбҪģˮ뿪ڱѩԭġ
ó֮ǿǰһǿ߼ڤѩȻٲ鷳ˮŲ㿪ڱѩǡ


1976 ̳ǣħ߸
سǼңˮǼû̫ĸо̸ʲô̫ĸоҲûкøУˮڱѩǺʹس֮ѡĻԸѡسǡ
ǰи̯λͼˮ߹ȥһţʵﶼͼġ
ˮŵͼϣĵͼǱֻбϸطֻһ֣һݣһ겻ˡ
һǿһӽΣѩǺʹسԼƳǻ϶λãڱϲһ޴ɽֱӴ
ɽдɽˮҲ֪ˣֻҪǴɽľǿľˣɽλڱϲ֮һλãѩǺƳԼسڶ֮һλãҲ֮ǰڤѩ˵ǿһԭ
Ҳб̫嫣ԲǰʮһݲͬκһݣΪＸһδ֪û֪жû˿߱ݡ
ˮеĵͼһǳص֣ˮʱ˳һܵͼ飬ⱾϵͼģҪǶڳǳԼһЩҪĽܡ
ֽȻȫģ㲻ܶණܵˣ̳ǣǱĳǣУҲرḻĵطźܶҩʲôģܶطĶǴȡ
ˮʱȥ̳ǿΪ̳ǿ˵Ǳĳǳ֮һΪڶ࣬ƷҲ϶࣬ҲģʵҲǿġ
˵̳żررһЩɰѳ֣ҲǱǿļǳ֮һ
صҩݹӶȪĵطȪĵطᱻ˰ռֻǱ˽ţǽΧҩֲΪС
ɱһЩŶˣڶ֣ᷢһҹ֮֮ǰĴѾˣղ֪ʲôǾ磬ʵΪ𣬻һ˲ֱˣֻܹԼûʵ
ˮ˲ٳǳأǾȥ̳ǿ֮ǰƳŵģڸоǴ̳ƺʣ׽ӴһЩĴڣȴֲԼ޷԰Ρ
̳λڱ򣬴̳ǺͱԼԭ˵̳ȥطıϾĳǳأҲǾطĳǳء
ˮǸˣ뵽˾ֱӹȥˮͨͼ˴ŵľ룬Ȼֱʹ˾С
̳ǣ
һǳأˮ֪ԼǰǳؾǴ̳ǣѩǡسʲôĵԵٴθһΣнļģȵʱûǰôȣʱҲû̫䣬ǻġ
ԺܸߣһȥɫɫȺӦоУߵ¥ߴ̣̺ܴ֣һرļ̡
һһƺ֯һһζҩУǾǶҩУһŶǲׯһŶǴ̡

ˮֺͼ½֮󿴵һ޴ʯʯʮ·м䣬׸ߣܾ޴һʯ̳ɵģһ׸ħʯʯͷ˵϶ôأǼӲױĥ
̵һλ񣬴˵λһλǿߣ̼ң½˵λߵλԼ弫ΪһǿߣԱ֤̼ҵС
ѧգȥȥʵǵѧɻʱּѾ
Ǿ޴ģһ˲˷˾޴ı仯һֱûͻƵĹؿͻˣﵽһǰδеĸ߶ȣͬʱܶҲˣһˡ
֮عȻһˣҵԽԽ󣬳Ϊǿڴ̳ǵ̼Ǵ̳ļ壬ʵǿޱȣ̼һƾõĴ塣
нܣˮЩ㿴Ųνȥαֻ֪һͿԣ̼Ǵ̳ǵĴ塣
ţˮͻȻǰһҽݣĵطƺӷﲻԶһҩУ￴겡֮󻹿ȥǱץҩ
ͻȻˮо˶ˣˮƺ֪һʶչˮʶǺǿģѾҵ˶ԼĿꡣ
һСˣƺģӰһµĹվţվ·һ
оˮܵ˶Է΢΢ϤϢ
ħߣ
ˮһɫǰߣڶԶԷһҲ˽⣬ԷΪʲôҪԼѵǷԼݣҪɱԼ
ħߺսʤǶģ֮أǴӡǡ
ˮŴ·ȥ·԰˺֮ܶ࣬ǰĽֵﻷӺܰģ·ߣԻ㰲
ȻˮӰֱԼЧˡ
ˮĶܿ죬ǸٶҲӰѸٵĶҲǳԾ˾ȻԿԼҪ֪ԼǱпС񼶼Ĺ


1977 רſƴ̼̿ͣҵˣ
֮ˮһγ˹ȥӰ֮ǰѸݣͬʱͨſ
֣
ˮʩչֵʱ˹ȥһȭĴ˵ļϡ
ԣ
СӵɳȥڷɳȥʱһذѾУг˾㵵ĵˮӰͻȻȰʧˡ
ˮϱ鲻䣬֮ͨ£ܶôĴ̿Ͷ޴أˮûпȴ֪̿ֻʶӦԷڲ²Էʲô
ΪʲôԼһ̳Ǿͻᱻ˸١
Ǹ̿ٴζˣеذ״һâĳˮĲ
ˮһתһ󲽣һֱӴ
һѸٵ꣬Ǵĳ̿͵ϡ
ˮһ̿͵ǰһѨϣȻûȫɽѪ磬ɵʱˮֱһڶԷǰץס˶ԷĲӡ
˵Ϊʲôң
ˮ˵
ս񴫳ߣ
̿ɫҰ׵˵
˭ҵģ
̼ҵˣÿһİ˻˵ǿɵ˶ҪʲôģһЩ
˵ûκεˮԸоԷ˵ʵԼŵ̳ǣǡսҲΪھʲôҪԼͼıӦռ鱨ģǲ̼ҵˣûʲôϵ
ˮںɱԷһɱ˶Է̼ҲܲԼģʱԼ̼֮ͻìء
ħӦ̼ұȽӵˣʵǿֻǱԼƣԲŻôɱԼܡ
Сڱ˭ȣǴħߣеذ״ɱǿܶˣںڰ֮Уڵ赸մ̼ôҲоյ˹
û뵽һ˵С
Ҹɱɡ
ˮ˵
ɱ˺ܶ࣬ûɱһƽգ̼Ҳر𻵵ļ壬ɱ˶һЩɱ֮ˣھ֮ˡ
С˻˵
̿͵Ĺ۲ǿôһʱ䣬ȻˮʲôԸ񣬵ˮжһЩѸٷûκԥ˵˳
ҳէ뿪ҽݣزģֲˣҸƫƧĵطɡ
ˮ˵
ǰû⡣
С֪Լסˣʲô鶼˵
ˮɿ֣ϵ˼£Сеľ˲ȥ˴룬۵ɫҰ亹ʱ·һˡ
֪ǴħߣҲʲôס˵ĻϣԺƵ鲻ҪȻҲ˭ҶὫɱ
ˮ·߱˵
֪ǰʮҲð
˺ܹˮһµϹ
н鲻κ˵ȻҶ㵽ͷϣ˵ĻҲֱҲԲ
ᣬԲᣡ

֣̽
Ǵ̳ǵļ֮һֵ̽˻ģȴߵһΣĶԱĵطҪ߲٣ֵ̽˷ǸĽҲǿӵĻߵ̺ڵװҲǸӵݻ
ǰһײķӣǰҪ
һ·ˮѾ֪С˽Ǵ̣ʱǴָһˮ˵
⴦ݲ󣬴Ҳ䣬ռҲʮƽףȴǺܸߣΧһߣһС͵ľƷҩС
ģ
ˮЦʵ
Ǵһ飬Ц˵ģСС֡
֪̼֪֪
ˮЦʵ
֪Լġ
Ǵ̵ٴγ¡
ˣҾҪµ㣬ҩУҲҪģҿ԰һԭ֮ڵ飬סһǸҽʦӦҽԲҪŵ
ˮ˵
Ǵ˼һͷĵ˵лǰǰҪҽݣҩǰҪá
ȻǴ߽ҽݣѸٵе˰Ѷᵽ¥ϣҲժҵ档
ר¥Ĵ¥ݣõģһߡ
ܿһ¥ȫ˳ˮһȾ¥󣬴ʯճӰһһ߿Եһߵһεң¥¥Եʲôġ
ܿǴ̾˿ҽõĶͷҩƷĻܵȣõģһѾһҽݵӣˮǴ̵İǺ͵ģɴ࣬û˿ˮ
һæֱӵ磬ʱһ͵ˮɷд֣á
ˮûмŹңϾûпţѾˡ
Ǵ̣ȥԵ㶫
ãǰȥô
ǴСʵ
˵ȥȥҸﲻôϤ
ˮЦŵͷ


1978 Ůϰ壬
Ҳ֣̽ˮڵλҲײľ룬һҾ¥Ӧýо¥ɣ󵫱ˮڿõĵطҪ˺ܶ࣬ΧܶʲôıȴС˺ܶࡣ
ǰ󣬵Ǻܳģ˵õľ¥ԵĺȵĿǮ򲻵ıӵȻȥ
ߵſڵʱǴóſڵʾһ¾ʹˮȥˣӵĿԴ˽ȥһܴ˳ˣҲֺüȣ߼Դʮ֮࣬Ǵ̵ͼģҲܴˡ
ǰ㡭
Ǵƺе㲻ģֵ߽ݸˮ
ˮڰ֣ҶûȤ
Ǵ̸ϽջЩǰҲõĶܺóԣԶҵһ޴ź
ʱ¥һŮˣ΢Ц˵λôƺ
ˮ͵֮ſ¥ϵŮˣʮӣǰӣˮ˵һֳϣļʮ˻ҪãŮ˺ܳ졣
˫һ˿΢΢Ц⣬˵Ȼ󷴶е㴿ȴһָ߽֮ѩ񣬹⻬ûһ˿覴ãںڵ㷢ͷֹԸеĲԵԽ޳ֱͦıӣ촽΢еһ̣ⲢûӰۣԸС
һ̵ȹ˵Ķˣ޳رȴûһ˿׸⣬ǰرĺΰоβҲرķԵ֫Խϸ
Ŵ¥һֱķ飬Լдһ˿ĺҡҷһ˿°Ҳһ
ˮû뵽ôһɫŮˣŮ˾ԳƵϾɫʦװ˵˿ѷɫҪǿһ
ϰã
ϰ壿ˮû뵽ȻŮ˵ģҪ֪ǰڵľݴ½ӪһƵǺܲ׵ģοǽһƵ꾭Ӫá
ŮǴ΢΢ͷ̬Ȳ䲻ȣȻĿ⿴ˮ
Ҿһ췹Եģ࣡
ˮЦ˵
Ӧǵһɣ
Ů΢Ц˵
ˮ֪ŮΪʲôҪסԼǵͷ
ˣǳԷˣԵټ
Ů˿ˮƺ˵˵ˮЦЦ뿪ˣǵһԼ˵ˡ
ǰϰǺصģ˵ʵǿҲ˵ıܴ󣬲ȷʵû˸¡
˸λ֮Ǵ̵һЩƲˣˮǼǮ⻹ǳǮǳԷ
Ǵ̵Ǯƺ顣
˴һӣ˾½ˣڣζŨȴޱȣ·ֱӽһЩȶð̺һЩ̵̡ʢˣ־£رϵΡ
Сζ
ʵһʱŵζʱζܵˮ֪ⲻնãϣɸΪ֮ϲҪġ
ϺˮϲܱȣһݾͲܱȣɾ֣ǻһ԰ϱȥοʣȪʲôġ
ǰĲ˿˵ѾǵǶˣܶ˶ǲϧʮһ١
Ǵʾˮ
ˮһڡ
ζȷʵҺԼеƣȷʵԼԼģĲرĺÿһ̶ҲһЩζĸоϾɫȫ˵ҲǺҪġ
ţ
ˮЦŸƽ
ǴҲĵĳһҪһ
ˮԵĲǺܶ࣬Ǵ̳˶룬ʱĿϣпҲ֪˭иȢϰ壬ֻܳԷҲˡ
ˮҲЦˣӦþǰ˵ĳԻѣϰô˵ҲǸǧһŮȻܳԶУ԰ϰɫӵ϶˵ʳɫҲ̫ȷˣʳɫǰ档
صǻûŵʱѾǰˣˮҲ쿪ˣǴ˵쿪ţһ¡
õģû⣡ǰڡ
ʲôȥʲôɣǵ
ˮӻ֡
Ǵ̵ͷ뿪ˡ
ˮûиǴ̣Ҳȥȥ̼ңˮһ£˼һЩ飬Ժ·ôߣȻҩԼһЩԵģͻ
ˮͱ˳ͻһЩҪ鷳ûһЩʲôģҩŲóԸٶɳ
뵽ʵеƣο̫ˣǴ̳ǵԹĹ֮һϸȫͻġ
ҪǵһЩ⣬ҪԼʲôġ
ˮʵҲһЩС鷳ԻҪһЩѣҪһЩԱ֤Լᱻģ֮ѨԾ̣ԲСκˣҲСκ鷳


1979 ˭˵ʳ
ˮԼ⣬ҪԼزģûʶˣûпţէʱ䳤ӦûǿԵģԼĿԿͽˣԼ֯Լʵ
ҽ𣿡
ʱһ͵
ˮ̧ͷһŮһСŮ˿ҲʮӣĻƯϢˮҲһϢ
ĺأصĹ֣·ȴһȾһʾѵŮˣ˺òŮˣһ˵ĺ
һСкɫеףһ˫۾ȴرվŮߺĿˮ
ˮЦվ⻹ûпţô֪ҽݡ
ҿҩݣоҽݡ
Ů˵ϹŵЦ⡣
ˮ֪ô£Ů˾͸оͿģЦ˵׼쿪أҵһ˿֪ͣʲôܰģȫѣҪʲôҩҲѡ
ˮܿŮӦòԣˮ뵽˵ĺܿģԴô
лл԰ҿҶʲôֻԻʱ񡣡
ŮСкߵˮ˵
ˮҲǳȻԿŮԼĿԣӦôŶӿ˲ҽʦƺЧ󣬲֪ƣΪûǮ
ˮЦŵͷǰƵô
Ҵ˺ܶҽʦǶʲôȥһЩǿҽʦҩʦȴҲ·Ů˵Щʱ˫ÿ۾βסƣ
õģһκáˮЦŰȵ
ллŮϻָƽллҲֻһֿˮȻ֪Ҳû˵ʲôȰƺ˶ӣȻͻԼˡ
ˮߵСһǰϸĿһ£ȻѯŮһЩ⡣
һ˵ˮһ߹ۿСһͨСһҲһ㶣ٿŮˣŮ˾һͨŮˣͨûΪ˵ﲻͨʡ
ˮѾ֪СһⲻʲôҲǶǱöصַǺѻ꣬ˮ֪˭ôȻӺССʱһ֣ǲСˡ
ǲǲΣ
Ů˿ˮüͷ֪ΣҲģһδεʧѾľˣԿˮüûиоô֡
Ҹ˵ɣΣǲ˲
ˮ˵⻰ʱѾСһﵽһȥˡ
Ůһˮ֪ŮӦ֪˭µĶ֣ɫ԰ףĿԼĺӣѾһˣˮҲûдȻ֪ʲô飬ʵҲ֪顣
ŮڵرϧϧϿ̫ˣˮΪԼʲôҲ˾
ȾСкܳ·Ҫߡ
Ůҧҧ촽ԥ˺ܾò˵
ˮͷŮ˵ѡ֮ǰԼѾӦˣһ˿ͻѵġ
ˮܼ򵥣⿪СһķͿˣûöãСһ˴Сʱʱ䣬ȫ⿪ˣ⿪һ˲䣬ˮһĸо
ָоһ˵ϵǶСֵѾ֪ķӡ⿪ˡ
ˣһҪһ£ǶСֵѾܵĲˡˮ˵֪Ů
лҽʦŮ嶼ڲ˵ŮתҪߣˮһıӰ
һȣ
ˮ֪һйµŮˣ뵽࣬ȻԼʲôˣܰﻹǰһ°ɣŮһرʣһˮϣݺõĸоʧ
Ůתˮ
ˮӣ֪Ų˵Ҳܰæ
ŮҡҡͷҵĶˣҲܺ㡣
ҿɲһˣ㲻ΪСһ㲻뿴𣿡
ˮ֪Ůںʲô
ȻŮͣˮ˺ܿ£㲻֣ɱġ
ʵ㺢Ǳ˷ӡҽ⿪ķӡʱѾ׵İˣѾǻˣզһ㡣
ˮν˵
Ů̾˿Բ𣡡
ûйϵ˵ˣҲʲô˶ģ˵˵ɣҿԱ֤ܰﵽ㣬ٱĸƽ
ˮŵ˵š
Ů۾һһ貵ĹΣһ̺ܶˣҲôһ˲䣬ܿͻָ֮ǰƽ
żˣӦżҼ˰ɣż̳Ǻ̼ͬһεңʱżҼǸţȴҲǸǸĺ֮ˣΪԼʲô鶼ĳŮˣɱĶӣΪҪȢ̼ҵŮȹԼĵλΪȡǸŮˣҺͶӸ˳ϵҵΪǶ˶֣ʳӣȴ硣


1980 ŷˣͷ
ŮʵûΪˮܰﵽԼȻԼ˵ˮ˵ֻΪѾˮˣ˵ڸһƹˤ̬
˵Ҳһַй˭Ҳûк˭˵Ѿȥ˼ôˡ
ˮŮ˵Ļ֪ԭΪģǲ֪֮ǰΪôˮһʵ֮ǰΪʲô׶Σ
Ůû뵽ˮ⣬˵֮ǰΪ۷壬ָһֱȽݵĹҲҶ֡
ô˵Ӧвٶȡ
ˮЦ˵
ָϵߵҲϵȵָҲǾ䡣
Ů˸ɾ˵
ɣȰָʵʱڸһסҪ̫Զµʱ￪ţҲɣ
ˮЦ
ָܻҵΪ쿪һ
Ů˾֮˵
֮ǰΪĻӦÿ԰ָ
ˮʾŮ֣Ů˵ļѩһŮȻҲǺһ۾ͻ˸оرڡ
Ů˵ĵտգѣˮӣˮֻ޷ǰˣҲ޷ڵγܴסԪȻҲͳΪˡ
ˮȰŮ˰ѵľϣԼʥ֮Լ֮ºܿľͰŮ˵ľ޸á
ǰŮˮһιඥˮӣֱӽ뵤ǸɺԺܾõĵõ󣬾һȪһ㿪ʼĹϵĲԪ
ˮ֪ˣƼ򵥣Ҫס˶ѵľҪϺܶ๦ܸԭȻҲ޷ָʵ
Ů˾ˮǰĻָʵʱܿ죬ҲͰʱʱ䣬ŮѾָʵѾ벽̤𱻷ΪʱҪǿһЩ
Ů˴ʱޱȣѾʼˮ֮ǰ˵κλ˵ܱ֤Լĸƽ˵Լһˣʲô˶ģŮѾʼˣ·ߵʱֳһ壬ָµϣ
ˮڿŮ˸ǾȣȵݣŮ˻ָʵʱģˣֱ仯һ쳣΢ȴرԣڰɫŲɫתһ
Ů˵ʸӵͻһ˵˲ɵ׽֮ģˮ⵱ǸżΪʲôҪϵΪ
һԻ񼶱ĴڣҪĺͷѾԴﵽҪκ˿ڵӶѲġ
ˮҲ˺ˣҪݵĲ
ôΪһС
Ů˿ˮ˵
ˮЦ˵㣬СһңҵģҪأҰæһʱɡ
Ůһ㶣û뵽ˮô˵Ҳ֪ˮڰĵĵͷлллл
ÿ㲻ùϣһԵ֣Ķôô࣬ܲʾһ飬ҽȤ𣿡
ˮʵ
Ϊ˶ӣҲǰҽʦˣ⼸һֱѧϰҽĶ
ˮһ΢΢һ㣬һЩҽʦ⣬Ǽ򵥵ģȻһģˮŮ˻治Ų츳
ˮҩݣ˵ʲôʲôãжݣԼ䣬ɻʲôȣļӦóãҲޱȵĴ
ˮóԼһһЩĵ֮Ǻ֢ܶ״жϣʲôҩƵȣ˵ⶫر
涫סĵӲڽһϾͿԿˡ
ˮЦ˵
ΪʲôҪôã
Ůԥһ˵
ˮһˣˣҾΪæϾһˣҽݿźƺæʱæ
һŮû˵ʲôֻĬĬļЩעһҲǣǺõ飬Ҳǻ顣

ڶ컹磬Ǵ̾ˣһĶˮǸˣһǺģ֮ǰˮһս֪ˮĿֲҪ֪ûܰƵزˣ̼ЩܣûʸöԷ֡
ˮǴ̻ǺܿĵģȻҲ̫ˣˮû֪ͨڤɹҲû֪ͨоûбҪں˿Ҳñųӡ
ãʵ壡
ŮҲˣСһȴǻûǴ̿¥Ů۾һ͵͵ˮ˸ĴָܿǴɫͱˣŷˡ
ˮ֪Ǵ֪ŮˣЦ˵Ұæ
ǴǸϵˣˮĻ֪Լϲɾɱ֮ż̼һҲǲ𣬺οżҺ̼Ѿ׼ˡ
뵽Ǵ̾ײĳ嶯ˮģɶԷͷ̫Ϊˮܵסǿͷߡ


1981 Ŀҵֻһ
ˮȻǴ̵Ѵ˾Ҫѡ뵽õҪиѡʲôҪΪԼѡˮ΢ЦſǴ̣ѡʲôˮ֣ȶԼ֡ˮŵ΢Цĸоǰܣ̼ҺżҵסĲԼһǰ;
ˣֻˣ첻ѡ̼ҺżԼһᱻѡ̼żңǰԣͬҲȻͲһºˣ̼Ѿˣϲʲô仯ˣǰȴǲͬʲôҲ˵
׻˵Ȼﲻ̼ҺżңǾ˵ǹ
ŮֻǺǴ̵ͷȻȥĨʼЩ̨ʲôģˮҲûֹ
Ǵһᾡİκ顣
Ǵ˵
ˮͷ
ˮѾ֪Ǵ̵뷨
Ѿǹ̫ͣڿи߸ңɢմأ綼ޱȣʱˮѾ
žžž
Ǵһҳıš
һЩˣϾ֣̽￪ҵȻܶ˵ע⣬֪ܿǸҽݣϢû䶯䶯Ůˡ
֪ŷˣŷҽݡ
ǰŷ˾żҼ֮ǰӣҽݵǵӲС
ǣȻѾżҼŮˣҶ֪˭ȾָŮˡ
˵ʵŮ㿴ʣżҼȢǸ̼ŮǿˣҲ̼Ůʵ̫ˣǼ֥鶪ϰ
֪ʲôżڲǺȶڵżҼеᣬ̼վסţҲûа취˵ֻҪվסžͻӻŮ˵ġ
żҼǺúݵİԼŮ˺Ҳӳȥ
޶ɷСǾӣɴ߲Сڡ
ûôݵģҲɲ˴ˡ
ʵĺҲûãĵǿ㡣

ˮЩˮ֪ƺܿͻϢȥԼóˣ鷳ҲܿţĿҵҲô˳
˿ҵǺܶأˮÿҵȴһ˵أǰæҲ
СĵҲô壬ϾǿҵСĵͨҲм̽ˮ꼸嵽˼¡
һұڷҲʾÿҵˡ
ǴεĺٺЦţˮûеصģЩֵ˿϶ǰ̧Ҳ벻ȥΪŷˣȥż֪ˣԼԲҪˡ
ҵΪʲôء
һɣѾһĪˡ
һ̵ȹ˹޳ûһ˿׸⣬۵ľǰرĺΰоβҲرķԵϸ֫Խϸ
ɢһֱķ飬Լдһ˿ģһ˿°Ҳһ
û˲ʶ˵ģŮ˵ܴ󣬿ˣΧ˲ͷ·ūţ˴к
Ůǲ䲻ȵĺΧ˵ͷ˵һ䡣
ãӭӭ
ˮЦ˵ȴԼһٷûкŮ˵䡣
Ůʱ򻹴ŮӣǴʱһ䳣͸ˮǴǻİѳſڵһߡ
ˮŮ߽á
Ϊˮ֪̫ĿˣֻΡ
ôֻҽݰ
ŮЦʵ
ЦԽĺͷ飬ֹͬ°ҲǸԣһְǣǰ˸ооһʡ
βﻹһЩҩʲôġ
ˮҲҲûбҪŮǰˮԿ϶ľǴһЩģɲΪԷÿҵġ
Ŷҩţ֪ʲôҽûиƷһ¡
Ů˿ĵ˵
ˮͷаӳʲôģǿˣʲôҪҶ㡣
ˮʵһЩɾҲһЩɾвʣˮܿ淿ж˳ڵļӨ͸ӷڰУһС볤棬һ뻢궼ǾֹϺġ
ζô˺޲ܽȥ뵽żֹסŲ
ζҪðɣ
ûаɣ
ҸоУҶҪƲסˡ
ƲסҲҪƣżҵֶΰɣ

ŮҲǾˣûӿ̶ֳȣֱƷһдֻζŮ֪ԼȻȥ
ŮһӣСڳţܿͳˣһ
棬һͳˣԵĺţȴǳԵò


1982 ô
Ů˳û˵ʲôҲû˵ҪԣĿˮİ
İҲͶˣҲôʶǵڶμѡ
ŮǿģŮнҲǺŷֲĹϵԼѾܵصвֻҪԸ⣬ȫðȡˡ
ˮҲû˵ڵŮ˵֪Ůһ˵
̫Ҿˣ˵ͬԩң˵ǲҵԩҡ
Ů΢Ц˵ɣƺûκе㿪ġ
ҪǷˣĶƺûʲôͻҲ⼸
ˮЦ˵
ʵͻҲûйϵģ뵽ֻû뵽ôѡ

ˮ̹ϵŮˣϣ̹ϡ
Ҳʱ洫һҵĽŲȻһЩ˵
ǿżҼˡ
ۣ¿ֿˡ
ǰͺܾϲϲˮǵǶһЩΨ²ҵļһ
ǲżҼô
˺ʵ
⻹˵ҿҪˡ
ǱСǸˣżңӦҲһˣżҲ޷κҲ˵
ʮ㡣
ҲĸоôӦһֿˡ

һʮ˽ãɢĿռһӽˣˮŽˣΪ׵һǸˣᣬȴɢһصϢ
ʱŷˡô¥ǿߵһʱһۿΪ׵ǸˣڲҲˡŷˡһɫԽѿһ˫۾תˮݺݵĶš
ʱˮѾվЦſŶˣС꿪ţǳӭǰ
Ҹ˵ĻţȻʵҲָˣҽ컹ҪٷһΡ
ƺûпˮһûпˮһƺҲûˮĻһֱٴοŮ˵
ŮƺҲû˵ĻһҲûпżһۣߵˮߣԲ𣬸鷳ˡ
ˣõˣȻܵñ
ˮ֪Ů˵ʲôֱӴ
ż֮쳣ŭʱſˮ˵̴ʧߵԽԶԽãҶ֣ȻʱĺܲҺܲҡ
ˮ֪һǶԼ˵ģûиоԷ˵ʲô󻰣żԼΪżҼ˵ĻҲ˸о˵ʲô󻰡
ˮЦˣЦúɣʱŷˡȴæߴˮ߰ɣߵԽԶԽãԶҪ
żҼŮӣǾͻǽɫʱޱȵܣŮˣֿŮˣԼѡ˱Ķ׵Ҫʧȥ
˵Ĺһˣ˵ѹȻǷŭŭĿˮ˲ԭҲĶʧȥҲܸˡ
ˮŷҡҡͷҵҪ˭ĺܲҡ
żҼƺ⣬Ŀˮû뵽˻ӲȴǴһ˿̣Ұˣҵǿô
żҼֱõһЩʲôȥ

һ½ˮһûжվüվ˵ʲôʱˮЦлСǰе¾ͲдˣҪȻȥ
ŮҡҡͷһɣҪæ𣿡
ˮЦˣҪ
Ů˸Ӻˣ궼ˣôоܺأô˵أƺرãҵĲĵһ
ܿһ¥Ķͻϱˣﵽǲҩζɢĵǲҩʲôġ
ף
ʱСһӶ¥ŷʱ
һļһվ¥ݿڣСһʱȻֱСһȥ
ˮʱǷŭˣûżҼķԸһСһȥ˭֪СһݣʱŮҲӦǸ˵ͻȻҲܿ죬ȥԮˣЩ˵ʵŮ˵ʵµʱ⼸Ѿˡ
ۣ
һͻأ𣬾˾ֹˣȻ󻺻ĵʱԿһӽԴֱӴ͸ˡ
ȻˮӰֶˣž顭
Щܼ𣬲һǲҺϣȻͨͨõ棬һѪڵϣȻûȴѾվ
ŮѾСһɫ԰ףϵǷݾǿˡ
ǴһοˮȻֻǴ򼸸ӰٶȣֳˬĴŶһܡ
żãҽſţȻҵĵ꣬ҪúõˣʵҺܺһ飬˵ʳӣôء
ˮͷЦҲǺˡ
żɫûһ仯ƺûˮĻһˮȻЦû˸˵ҽͺ㣬ҲҪ֪ôĿ


1983 żǿ
ˮҲ֪żǶ󣬻ѾﵽûûεĵزЩҪȻԼĵҪۡ
ˮǿԸܵżʵ۷壬˵ֻ˵ʵĻˮӦò࣬ˮҲʵ
ֻˮ֪żܵԼʵûӦҡ
ʵҪˮòżңȻżƾʵϼ֮λżǿĴҲӦ޵ģɱżҲңˡ
ˮһ˲˺ܶ࣬ڱӦû⣬ˮ뵽˱ڤѩĻʵڱǿǰģǰҲǰɣˮоԼܱڤѩӦûʲô̫⡣
뵽ˮҲȻˣԼķѾڲ֮ˣοԼԼɱﵣڵѾСɾˡ
ǧСɾ磬ֻҪץסᷢԽʵɱ˼ֱ練ƣϾˮѨʹô羢ԼɽţԾǶԷǿǿٶǿûõġ
ˮĻ֮ͨԼһЩɱﵣЩһʹúˣˮԼƻ
żſڲԶΧȻȥˮȻҲȥˣϾﶯֵĻֱӻ¥ٵ¥ΧܴһƬ
ˮվڸ߿յʱżңңԶԡ
һżûж˵ʲôֱóһֵĽѽɫңⲻҪģҪ⽣̣ܶŲһ߰룬һ磬ʵһذ׶磬ֻǽһ·ˮעһԲһĶ
˼άǽޱȣҪԲɱҪǿܶ࣬ˮ֪εߣʵѾһҪԼӣķѾǺҪˡ
ͨ
ˮԷĶ̽ν֪֪˷ܰսʤһˮͷˣû뵽ԷȻʹֶ
֮У
˵ӦǶ˵Ǹ֮Ҫ֪ĶӵУһ㶼Ƕϵõ֮ļƲпܳɹӵޡ
ԼͨȻпܻһ׵Ĳ֪ڼȻ֪ˣԷԼûв
ˮóԼĻƽսꪣƽսӦ޷žԷԡ
׼ȶְɣȳû˶ֵĻᡣ
ż΢Ц˵
ĲˮʵżҲаʮڽִܴʮС
ˮҲûпֱӻŻƽսԹʽĵȥżҲгĺô
żЩû̫ģƺһУӰһ˹ˮеֱֶ̽һ򵥵ĸ񵲡
ԣ
˫ͬʱ
ˮɫһΪڽӴ˲䣬żıٶȻӿˮżıײײˣԵĸоˮ˵ʱȻǿˣмԷʲôҲǲܡ
żҲоȣһζˮǿһˡ
ˮȴжԸİ취ɽ
ˮã֮ǰһѾʾżˮһغˣΪ֮ǰû׷
һżˣӰĴһƬӰ
żߵķ·ҲǴ֮̿ˮͨӰˮûʲôãֱӾһˣٶҲ˺ܶ࣬ˮܲˬ˺Լٶⲻ
ò˵żٶȺܿ죬ر񶷵ĹٶȣǷӦ˾̾
ˮеĻƽսꪴһɫ͵żȥˮԿżӰλãһֱżܻС
żٶȺܿ죬һеĿĺȷˮĻƽսꪴȥ
ˮĿľǲҪͶԷıײҪ뷨Է塣
ˮһζ֮żӰȻ˼һͻٶѾ޷ݣֻܿһѶдһâˮϡ
ˮײûг֣˵ԷĹ˺±ĿλãһԵĸо˿ȥһֱ֮żûͣذֱһһ
һˮǶȥˣԷһ»һûжȥԸоǿˣһѾˮǰĴһ˺ۣȻǺأȴǹҲˣǰ޵òˮ˵ʱżֱ֮ж˵ԲٴˮĿȥ
ˮϺƽԷٶȲԼ죬ȴһսٶ˲ֹֻ˲䣬ʱӦụ́ܶѾ㹻ˡ
żĹٶȺķӦֲܿˮٶȺ巴Ӧˣ֮к˲佫Էɱˮķǿ󣬹ʱˡ
żҲǺܾȣΪƾ⼸Ѿ㹻ɱԷˣڿԼС˶֣ⲻҪһҪ
żٴһķ֣ˮ֪ԷҪʹ֮ǰٶȣˮһβԷֱһ׷˹ȥ
׷
ͨ
һñԵٶ˲䵴Ȼ޴棬żǺ֪Լٶ΢½һЩӦӰ첻ֻˮͨ


1984 ˻ͿԴ
żһδﵽˮߣе֮һƺ⣬ˮĿڴȥٶȱ֮ǰӵѸ١
ֻڵˮȴǱ֮ǰȻˮżҪ̵ˮʱˮӰȴʧˣһ˿ȥ
˿żٶˣˮٶȿˣ̫ˣ
ˮеĻƽսɢĽ⣡
ľˮʹﵽˣصĻƽսڿһһҵĻżĺϣǿżҵǰȥ
ֵˮˣˮӰż죬еĻƽսꪷ·һǹһߵ罣һżܵʱ˶Էϡ
꣡
ˮ֪һҶ϶Է߹ǡ
żһ˿ѪӰҲˮҷɣ֮ǰżҪԼˮȻҲûкͶԷ
ˮͨûͨĻֻɽˣȻѸ㶨żܸ㶨ӦҲǳǱϾԼһӡʲôģӦҲܸ㶨Է
ˮӰŻƽսתһ޴Ľɫһɨż
ܵǰԵżӲ֮УֻѾٱˮԵһ£ƲҲֻڴ϶ɹˡ
ˮתӰӽżʱֱӱһӰһѳıɽżȥ
һޱȣ֮ǰתֵǿֲ
żɫˣǸʲôĴڣԽԽھ֮кͶԷӲӲûʲôоھԵʵǰһжֽϻһ
ż㲻ԼƺˣֲԷڵĸоܣסȴֶ㲻ѹˮġ
ž
ˮֲһһƺĳֶˮ֪ԷϵĳĺöϵˣҲ֣λżҼûĶء
ˮĻƽսٴλޱȵĹʽϵʹޱȣˮĻ⻹ˮĴѨԼеǿ
żƺٴȼ־е֮ҲرǶ˵Ǹ֮ǷɫĹâޱȡ
ӰƺһɫӰһ
ˮͨȥʵĴڣֻٶҲֲ̫ˣΪڲͣ΢ıܣΪԭܣԿûȴǳ˵Ӱһ
ˮҲ֪ⲻܣ˷ԼԪӦϵĳﵽЧ
һвҪҪˮܶԷҲþɽȶ¡
ɣ
żӰ˲ˮе֮ĹĨˮĲӣϢ
ˮʶʹﵽʮҰ۾ڵһʱͿ˳żӰһŤһ߳
ԣ
żȻһߵõɳȥ
βţ
żֱֻӬһܣԼʹ˾֮Ȼһ߷ˣһžȻԼߵˡ
߷ɵ˲䣬ˮĻƽսһĳżĿڡ
һż󾪣ܵŤҪе֮жһ
ۣ
ƽսꪴ͸żļ
飡
ʱһϵסż
ˮͣͻȻֵһˣϵˣ·ʱпܻȥˡ
˵͵ĺһͨͷϵ·Ҳá
ӡүү
żҲǾˣǸӣżҵһˣƽʱɨɨԺʲôĺۣܲƽʱʲôҲ˵ԶӣΪԲŲ˵ܶ˶֪ǿ˵
˭Ҳû뵽ӦǸӵ˾ȻʵԽסżǱˮǿ֮ĩһ
˽ż˵ҵĻԺͣǸٸߵĴҲҪ
ʱż˵ĻҲ֪һˣҶԼܺãԼҲõżҵĵλˣԼ츳ʽһ̤۷ġ
żͷżϵľۣҽˣνʶǽ㿴Σ
żĻ̾΢΢ҡҡͷԴӴǷŲ¼Ӳϵϵһ˲һϢ־һĶҲʧȥ˺ܶ࣬ﰵ̾ʴϻۣϧʱĿ̫̣ܳ£ȴ޷Ϊˡ
ˮԼŮ˺ӶŹûκκøУ˿ԼŮ˺ͺӶµ֣ܶ˭²֣ʲôԭ˵죬˵磬ˮϲˣûζ˾Ͳˡ
Ϊ߾ߣҾң
ˮ΢Цſ˵ζ
ˮĻһЩˣΪʲô֮ǰñҵʱ˵ֹûС
żһѿҰһĸ㻻һ¡
ˮЦҡҡΪ˻һ¾ͿˣԴ˰ɣô˵飬ҾҪ֮ǰģһָ֮ǰһһһ㲻һҽػὫɱ


1985 ʦ´
ˮ˵Ļܲ˵ǺܲˣżҲݵˣ֮ȻܲˬһӦҪɱǰˡʶԼĶ֣ƺԼڶԷء
ӲӲżɫѿԼƽ˵ôɡ
֮ǰ˵𣬸ҰѶָԭҲΪ㡣
żڶץˣ⻹ǲΪˣôΪˡ
ҽԣ˵ɣôſԷŹң
żˣ֮ǰ˵Ļˣ֮ǰ˵Ǿ仰֪ҲǾ仰Ǹ˶ʧȥġ
ˮҲûдżҸ壬˵ûʵҲܸ˭Ҫ˭ҲûˣССҲԼ֮θҲҲܼСͳԣԲԵǸ⣬ҲҪԶǣһʳʳɲô׶ϵġ
ˮЦ˵ҲҵĲסˣҲˣҪ̫ˣ뿪ŵһͱˣ˭˵ǲǡ
żѪԼˣԼˣҪԼˣˣʲôʧȻԼһ㶫Լûӣ֪˵ʲôҲûãֻܿԷҪԼʲôˡ
˵ɣܴӦľԴӦ
żֻ봦飬Ժʵһسӡ
ﱻˣûסˣ˵ĲԶλһׯ԰ͦʺҿõġ
ˮЦ˵
żһǵطǵطļֵϰٱǧ࣬ûа취²ܲͷͷѪ̡̣
ãҸ㣬ҿ˰ɣ
żǸѹոµģװ޺ûûüסأô֪Լġ
ôҪҲҪˣϵΪҲɱ㣬ߣ㿴ô
ˮϢȫѹֻҪһ˲ͿԷϵ
żͷ󾪣ɫ쳣԰ףˮʲôһ˵ɣȫӦ㡣
Ǹ֮⣬Ժ׼ٴĸ⣬סˣֻҪǳ£Ҳ˭ģҶͷϣҶȡҲãҲգԾڴˡ
ˮĻżٴγ˳飬ͷãҴӦ㣡
ˮЦŰڰʧԷˡ
ż뿪ˣһˮķͷֱӴﵽһʢһ˽żұƵòĵزˮ֪Ӧû꣬һбǼ˶Լˬ
ˮȴǲģǴ̻ŮԼĶֱżķ֤˰ðᵽ
ǿҵˣβ
żõׯ԰ǲˮ֪żׯ԰Ǵ̸ˮģׯ԰֮ǰǴ͸ˮǸҪ̫ˡ
Ҫһׯ԰Ŵׯ԰ԺӣǰԺкԺװ޺ûжãɨˣһЩرļҾʲôĶոµһӦȫ
⵹ʡˮ鷳ܿͰ￪ɲԶ
ǸŮ˸ˮˮЩףҲûʣž͸źˡ
ΰᶯȽϼ򵥣Ͼֻǰᶯ޵Ķɾټ򵥲ˡ
һæµൽ˰ˣڵˮĵЦˡ
Ǵ̶ˮ𾪾þòƽˮĳ̫ˣżܣܺˮʵԼӦǶԵġ
ŷˣŮͬƽѾĴ㣬û뵽ı֤ԼĸӵƽԼôΪʲô
Ϊˮ˼֪ˮ˲ȱŮˣŮˣȻûʲôоƯŮѾʼˮһ˵ĺһԵźţһϴ󲿷ֶȥ޷԰Ρ
ѾǲлΪˮῴԼͨһʱԸܵһֱˣ峺ֱҪ֪һŮ˵ֱǺܿµġ
ˮʵҲûôĸӣ˳Ԯ֣оҪһģŮ˺ܺʣΪԼ´ﵽһµĸ߶ȣöùżĶ֡
һŮ˺ҽϺ츳Ϊӵԭҽһִţô˵ˮڶŮ˺⣬Ӹ涼ȽϺʡ
ˮ䣬˾ͺЦ뿪ˣˮҲûŮ˸ˮоأŮˮǸоҪҲûʲôġ
ˣ֪ʲôأ
þ֮ˮЦŷʵ
һз·һ㣬ҲˣΪʦʦ´
Ů˿ˮȥ
ǸŮˣˮȴûзֻŮִŵĴһ£ͷԺ࣬ɰɣгǣȥȥȥһУɣһѾȥ֮ȥһԻ͵졣


1986 ָ
ˮҲ֪ôͽܣʮʱļɵԪԼȴʲôôҲûУһ鷳ﲢڣԸ
ɶлʦ
裬ˮͽˣˮûЩûбҪɣŮˣóСƿݸȥطȹʵ
ֱӰýȻɵ˺Ժϴ跥̱ԪѨʱѾʾͻ˵ǰ۷ﵽ磬֮ǰѾ۷ǻܾãˮİͻƲŲ
ȻͻֱӾʹﵽһ۷嵫ûֹͣȻֱٵ׵һ˶١
һֱ۷ͣɵʵҲǵõȹ̣֮ʵҲǸǿʢȹˡ
ɵ¶ĵ΢Ц֪ˮҲ֪ˮıɽһǣ֪ԼʲôˣȻˣʦˡ
ˮóһԼĶƱֻʺµʵĶȴǺǿˮɾµĶαСġ
ƣѥ˿ȭס
Щɵʵ˺ܶ࣬ʩչ̫ˣ˲ٵķʵѥӵٶȣȭײӹӷԼ˿Ӱ֡
ɣָĵߵҡ
ˮЦ˵
ǣʦ
֪ˮ뿴ԼѧǲѧıҪûлӦû̸Լѧɡ
ԼѧģеҲ뿪ˣԼʦָɲԶҪ˸ʦĹ
ɶˣΪͻƵԭе裬ܿӰƮÿһȥƺкܶѡ񣬿Գںܶ෽λ߸֮࣬ƺǲࡣ
ɹˮֱһۻңˮʱʮָָڴˮȻĴ˼֮ɵָԼϡ
ţ
ˮָ֮һ㶣ָǺģΪָͻᷢȣеķ䣬ԭ֣صߵ
Ĳǵߵ
һּȸӵĲܴ󣬶򷨺ʹѨһЩƵ֮ˮţ֮£ԴҶԷڵ
ˮʵǿ˺ܶ࣬ǹ˲ԼԼʵĻǽͻδ֪ˣʱͻرĿֲֵܲܵе
ˮͨ˵Ǻ׿ָһЩˮʹõģҪǿ԰ʹóҲѵġ
һˮʾͣͷ˵Ժָ͵ߵӽ쿪ʼѧϰһЩѨԼѪĶѧЩָɱҽһҲҪѧϰЩ
һʦţ
ɿĵ˵

ڶöˮҪһˣɾ߿ˮһ߰ϣһ˵ɾһ߼ǣ⼸꿴˺ܶҽ֮ģֻǲڻͨ
ˮ򵥵İ취Ҳʺķ˵ھǸϣҩʲô֢״ʲôҪʲôҩݡ
һЩʱˮ̸꣬׼ȷжϳʲôˮסʲô֢״ʲôӣʲôҩ
ձϲմˣ֣̽̽Ҳǻֺܶܶһˣ￴֣ģʱһɵҽݿţβԻǻܶǰġ
һЩеλһǿҽʦģǼﶼרŵҽʦҩʦ
ˮںǴѣѵģһЩ˻ͨ˵õôȽϺãһЩٹǲмŻݵģˮʵҲպ֪ˮβǮʱͺûˡ
ˮٶȺܿ죬󲿷ֶǿȥץҩЩҩҲǺܹ󣬶ˣˮȥǴץҩѵġ
һæһᡭ
ڶʱѾʼˣΪˮβҪǮ٣ҲãβƵ׼ҩҪ֪ҽʦĵλҩʦҽʦβЧļƶе޲ߡ
ҩʦƴֵҩԸЧ죬ǿҩʦƳĵҩ
еλһҽʦģҩʦ
ɵ츳ǿˮе⣬ʱˮߣϣҩȻˮĿʵĳǾ޴ģҲٵġ
ϵʱһˣʮ£ŻΪ׵һģˣվڲԶˮ


1987 Ƶż
ϵʱһˣʮ£ŻΪ׵һģˣվڲԶˮ
˵СӰǸżˣׯ԰͸˼ҡ
ǴζЦ˵
ˮ̧ͷһ£רҲڻϿԶ϶Щżҵˣֻǲ֪ʲôоûʲô£Щ˻˵ǺżҲͷ
ˮȥʱҲˮһ˫˫ͫ۾ܹ죬ˮȴ¶Цݡ
Щһ˾뿪ˣмֱӰʣµЩ˸ˣˮҲֹǲһһһЩ۵Ķ
ҽʦҲ
Ǹˮǰ
ţĻء
ˮ˵
ҿɣ
˰ַŵˮǰϣ۾ʱĿɣеһЩˮʱĳ֡
Ѿˣ
ˮҡҡͷ˵
޷ǮôҲˡ
ν˵
˸㣬ʵǮܿġ
ˮҡҡͷĿꡣ
βΪǮ𣿡
겻ˡ
˭˵βΪǮҲȱǮ߰ɣҲҽ㡣
ˮӻ֡
ȻӪҵн˾֮ģĪǿ٣
ɫѿˮ̫ˣܴӾʧ
ʲôΪʲôҪ㣿
ˮЦˣˮ鼸ӣżԴ󣬻ԲУȻû͡
Ǽˣѵȼǿ
ã֣ڴ̳ǾȻżҵķӣҸᣬѷӻȻ̹
꿴ˮ·һ
ˮҲˣĶˮ黹ǲģûżҵıӣ֪һǲǻѸٱ˸ҹ
ˮ֪һǰЩ˲򵥣竴Ҳһ֣ΪżƺҪ㣬ˮ֪һȾָżҼλӣֻαװһ竵Ķ档
ˮˬǣȾָǼֱȥˣΪʲôҪһԼѵõżķǼ֪ԼΪԼϧκ˵ˮᣬڵżˣѵżҵĴУ
˵ǲǸоװ竣ȻٱǲǺܴ̼ǲǺת䣬û˸ˣǲǻ᲻Ŀû֤ţ˵ҷΪ˵ǲǶˬ
ˮվƽ˵
һΪû֪ʵǼҲ֪Ĺʵȫ䣬֪ˮ֮ͨǰҲ⿴ģһʼҲΪǸ竵Ķ棬竴ٵʹȥԶԶģֻԼ֪Լ竣һ콫żץԼС
һżϣٴżһسӣ罫żҵׯ԰Ҫôż޵ݣʱԼҲ˼ڼλţο˼ԼҲкܶ취
鲻ô򵥣ܴܼļһƺ棬ȻһۿԿԼвΪֻǲ֪ԷܿԼʲôʵһʱԥΪ֮ǰˮ˵Ļʵͷ·һͻȻõ˾书ΪǿߣֻͻȻжҲû֪Ǹ֣Ҳ
ˮڵҲ֪ⱲҲˣõԽҲʧȥԽ࣬ѾûʧʧȥԼ֮ģûһߵ̬ôⱲѾͻˡ
Ѿʧȥ֮ģⱲ֪㱾ֵҲգǿĸ̣Ҳ㲻ǱģҲƣĲ˶ˣڲɱˣǰѾûˡ
ٵɫѾһΪ֪ˮ˵ǶԵģôԼⱲˣֲԼѾûһ˿ǰˣʵ겻ǰһ˿ҲǰǷˣΪͻƾ߰򲽣ûʲôǰٰʮûģΪҲûǰһҲûǰǾǷˣˮ˵ӦֹڴˣûĻǲǰˡ
ǻһϣǴǰˡ
һҲϣ飬ΪƷ֮ǰ˵һУһԼ֮ģԼ»Ȼ֮ĵ
һ˲ս𣬿ˮҪս㣡
ܶ˶һǰŰ֮ͻһǰ̬̬ܵĽӴҪ״Ҫ֣ѣΪҪĴܶԷ֮ǰŰˣܶ෽̸ףѾʵһ㵽ʱǺһ֮ˡ
֮սݣҲҽӣ
ˮЦ˵ǿźһɢ
ٴβ˲֮ǰǿҵսҲʧһ룬ͻȻ֮ԼҲ֪һεĻҲûˣͻȻ·һжǻɫһ㣬ʵԼˣװʵһΨһסԼıģԼûסѾʧˣĶʧȥһС
ּįͲסįѾʧȥ˸֮ģҲһǰ֮ġ


1988 ̼ҵŮ
ˮ֪ѾôˣҪҲûʲôˣٵˮվתȥһ仰û˵˫ȭսɿսظ֮ˮķ׷ȥ
ˮ΢ЦתĪˣҪ򣿡
ˣûˣҡ
ٹˮϿҵ˵
ˮ˲֪ʲôоǸҰĵˣװҲΪͼıʧ˱ģҲûʲôס̫ˣ£µһٵķһġ
Ұﲻ㣬ȥɣһԼ
ˮҡҡͷ˵
̾ˮٴιȻį뿪ˡ
ˮΪһ˵ıܸģٲôøģȻҲ˵ʲôɽ׸ıˣڿֽ̬ܵͣ׶εɵģһպڷɱϾͻᱩ¶䱾
ˮżʲôȻżҲǴ壬ˮоļĿǰûзżرлˣżҴżҼǰˣżˮûζļ򽻵
̼̳Ǿ԰ĴڣˮĿǰûнӴˮûҪ˭ɫ£ΪûбҪв
ˮҪýǽԼӦóһ֯ˣ֯ĵطˮ̳ǣֻ֯ˮԥ
ս
ˮҪ֣ĻԼı¶ԼݣħԼˮһԥǽԼҲһֱһط
ʵͨ˱ڣŮˮڼ룬ȻĻҲǺܻӭġ
ˮֻ㣬һǸеĴ㣬ӦûڲõԺҪʵУˮںܾᡣ
չףˮҪǳø㣬ϾҪǿߣֻһЩͨȻø㣬ҳ϶Ȳô˵ϧûʲôá
ˮ뵽һҶ輸ŮպǹԺӦҲɾͲҹ˹Ѿԣʲôģˮڲܶ϶֪ܲܽ硣
ˮǣԸˮԥҪҪս֣ҵսҲ١
ҲûУ˦˦ͷ̳վȽ֮˵ɣ
Ǳľޣˮãɾȱʱ䣬ڻиõֲ㣬õǺܴ
˼ͻᷱĿǰˮֻβڳԵûи㡣
Ѿʼ죬ҲǽĴȥڻǲϾʱ仹̣һˣˮһ㶡

ˮĵЦ߹ȥϸ磬ôˡ
ˮܾȵģ˵ߵʱҪһ߿ľ磬ûȶ˵һʱ
ϵܣ˵㻰ҵٶȹ죬һ·ͣĸҺиǿԸܵĴλá
֮ˮ֪棬ʶˣһĸӦԸܵڵĴλá
ˮǰǺܿĵģļһ¡
ˮľˣѾ˴ʳһУһˮġ
ͬǵ˻Ǻкøеģٻˡһ޷͵顣
ڵߣǴȭһޱȸ͵ȭҲԼ⴫УĹ
֮ǰˮڴʳʱѾʵˣʵˮ£ֻǵ˵ʵ˵ڴȻˮ԰ƽҲǺܷ
ˮŪ˵ƺͲ˺һֱȵڣΪرˬǫͣеغ񣬲ԸҲֱˮ൱ĳݣˣԼڶˡ
ˮǺԥţˮԥҲˮΪʲôôˣо԰ԭ
ڿ޼ҿɹˣʲôҲҪиطš
Ц˵˵
ˮ֪Цһ仰Ǹˮȥһ
ֵܣһʼҾ͸оͶԵʵ㲻Ҳȥģ̫ˡ
ˮЦ˵
Ҳ˵ˣֵܣɲҪҿԺҿǸֵˣɽԲһüͷ
΢Ц˵
ã
ˮ˼
óէѾżҳ׵ˣ̼ҵʱˮ֪ԼһˣżȢ̼ҵǸŮˣŮ˷ó
һŮˣƯɻǲ˲٣߻ʮˣлߣ߲Ƚ̫Ѩ߸ߵĹĲǺܸߴ󣬵ܽ׳
Ů˴ŻĳȹĻŭطΣҲܺãһ˫۾ؽëֻ۽΢΢ɢһ˿׺֮ʱڰ˿ɫѿ
ϣС˻˿


1989 㲻һ
һ㲻϶ôݵǼ̱廹̲סһĴ̫ˣŮûʲôΪŮȴܰԼԵġ
иü̼ҵˣżӣʱѵһ٣ɱǶԷֻһ仰ֻܹԹԵĳܡ
ΪԼѵΪǸӿǣҪǳһûĺӣ˵һ仰̼ҵŮҲ֪Լ涯ɵĺӣŮһԼƴ
żӣ֪żϲֻΪԼļ壬ɺӵڵĽȷʵżµģʱҲΪȢ̼ҵŮˡ
ɿ̼Ů˵ʲôﲻӭ㡣
С˾СˣôҵһˣûǲǼįˡ
̼Ůӿ̱Χܶ˴ʱҲĿ⿴ɣϾҲǸɫŮˡ
ҿԣ㲻Ҫҵʦ㲻䡣
ƺǺ⼸ļѱܼѶˡ
ʦû뵽Ȼϲ
̼Ů˷Ц
ˣ˵ﲻӭ㣬ҪҸ˿
ƽ˵
ӭң˻֪㻹֪żҵׯ԰
̼Ů˵
ͷҲ̧˵ǰֻ֪ʦġ
Сҽջׯ԰ģ㲻ΪʦԵֵסżҺ̼Ұɣ
̼Ů˺ǺǵЦ
Ķ⣬ȥ蹷һҧʲôҧ
ʱˮ˹֮ǰˮβȴǽŮ˵Ļһ
ǰίǱϾԼûκιϵԼͽܣͽܣԼĺһˮߣȻͲŮκκû
㣬ȻңŶɵǸʦ֪ҸʦǲͽܵĴϡ
ž
̼Ů˻û˵꣬ˮֱһӳ˹ȥһ¶죬˷Ӧʱ̼ŮѾ˳ȥ
ʱЩеһӰһѸٵԾס̼Ů˻ص֮ǰط
ȻҴң
̼Ů˷·𿴵ʲô˳ԾĶһ
Ųţ˵һ䣬㣬Ů治֪ǸùȢ㣬㲻һû۹⣬ͶûҪ
ˮĻҲŮٶҲΪ
쵰ߣһ֪Ǹ꾫ԵתеŮ˻ԶһĺãҽȡżҵһЩ
̼Ůû֮ǰѾˡ
ˮüûٳִĿ˵һûʵŮ˲ڼӳҡʲôӵĵҲȫһЩϹ۵ӦòŻ⡣
㣬ҲǸˣżҵׯ԰Ҫջȥ׼ɣ
̼Ůָˮ
żҵģԴǲǱ¿ˣóżҵ֤
ˮм˵
ʱġ֤֤ûУǿʳʵʱʲô˵˵ԼľԼģûʵˣƺܿͻᱻߣûˡ
ķ֤ûֵģҲΪ˷תãֻҪķ֤˭ġ
ߣΪ͵żҵķ֤ģھ
̼ŮǿӲĿˮ֮ǰһ⣬Ͷ˺֮ǣҪú
͸ҹһ
ˮһֱһ̤˹ȥˮһνƺֻһ򵥵ĳΧһжûб
һ˺һһŲ½ˮĳס
ˮһӣ
֣
ֱץס̼ŮˣһֻӡֱסŮȻ˳ȥ̼Ů˾غ«һֱӹãһ·ϿĿİĺòǱվʱѾ˲ٵĹκʲôģеĵطѾƤѪˡ
̼ŮˣôʲôʱôǱ˴ڵϴվ֮ǰߣɱɱ
⼸̼ҵĺ֣Ҳ̼ɹȥŮ˵ġ
֮ǰһкܿ죬֮ǰѾˣȴ˳ϣһҲˮΪ֮߳ơ
߻üȻʱ̼ҲȲǡ
ˮƽ˵
ʱ˳ҪμսģˮֹҲ֪ˮǿҲģԱ߿š
ɱҪ̼Ҷš
ŮѾɥʧˣҪɱˮȻоԼҪ
ˮ֣ӰˣȻǿҲͺżʵ£е㲻磬ȫʵһ˵ΪͱԼʵսʵҪߺܶ
ˮżۿĲ࣬ʵŵ࣬Ϊ٣ΪˮΪ˰ɣ̼Ů˿ܾͻżǹģΪɳ²ߡ


1990 ˮɱ
ó֪Ů˵Ĳ²ⲻ֪᲻ѪȷʵϲɣҲôصԼļλãϣԼżҳǿ󡣵ʱԼȻɻصԼߡ
뷨̫ˣǵ뷨ʵʵںһУ뷨ҲûдܶŮ˶ôģȴǺһŮˣģһżΪһ۷ǿӵҲǲˣе˴һξͻһ
ˮӰֱӳ˹ȥûãԸͬʵˮţοڵˮκˮȥǿС

ˮԼȭһУٶȸg죬ֱӴŸɽţҪһдųѰľԪϵԻٵĸžþֹͣ߳ڶݵֹͣԼӳ٣е㱡
ŹˮԶ㿪ԷĹ
ۣ
һƵˮһӴ˶ԷӰеĵĺˣ˫۶е˽ʲôʱˮֱһߵĲ
꣡
ˮû飬ֻһֱӽ˲Ӵϡ
ɱˡ
ʣµһ߲ųˮֻǵˮɱһߵʱŻˣԼʵͱɱ߲£һбɱԼҲǱɱķݡ
ˮ֪֮ǰ̫ˣˮĴۡ
ӰѾͣٽʱŻϵ¡
ˮҪȻԺи£ΪԼ۸
Էͣˣˮȴûֱͣӳ˹ȥȻ׺Ĺâ֪ԼֶԷҲŹԼִС
Ѹٳһѵ
֣ƺһһЩţеĵ󣬵ȴޱȵĺأɫһȭɵĻ֣Χеģݣ
ˮо´һǿҵ·ǱʲôקסһֱǦһʱѸٵˮѸٵĳ˹ȥ
֮
֮ŭ
ߵȻԾϵɫθǿеĺֱӱɫɫɢһޱȺصϢˮնȥ
ǰѵʱһɽһ㣬ˮѹȥ
ˮͼɢ˫ȣһָо˴룬ʱǺصĴ󵶼
ƽսꪳˮһٶӦ˹ȥ
ˣ
һƵˮһΣȻһ̤Ҫ֪ߵʵܵ˵ǲˮģû뵽㱻ˣԺΪص㡣
ˮ˷ֱȥеĻƽսٴȻһ£ǿҵľ
ľ
ˮͱǿһɫ䣬ԷǿԼͻȻֶԷǿˣǿеԼĸо
ԣ
޴ıûκε߱ˮһӱˣƽսӰٴһҵĹ¡
ɽţ
ߵķǿϾ޵ϵɫ
ٴһƵٴαˣ֮ǰƺûʲô𣬵˵һѪԽԽ࣬ˮһûٴ׷Ϊ֪߼ǲܻˡ
ڵϣɫҰףڵѪϵм仹һЩѵࡣ
ˮøɽţֱӺߵ濴ûʲôȴǼȫѡ
ˮǸ̼Ů˵ʱ򣬶Էˣ嶼ڷȻûʲôΪϾڴ壬ͨ޷ģʶе㣬ʱ֪ˮǸɱġ
ˣɲˮһ߹ͻȻһ飬һӹ˵ϣҪɱңҴˣ飬Ժ󲻻ˡ
ˮƺʵܿŮˣûɱ޶ûУΪ˸޷ˮ¼䣬ܿͻһҲʣ
ˣҲɱ㣬߰ɣסҪڿ㣬гӣ̼һżҶңҪųҫȻɱңһ˳ְҲɱ
ˮЦ˵
̼ŮʹĵͷȻͷҲص˳ȥʣµҲҪߣˮȴǺסǡ
ЩСȶһ飬Ŀˮ
Ҳߣ˳ɨɾ
ˮָָɱߡ
Щɴ⣬ѸٵĽ˴ߣǽ֮ǰѪʲôĴɨĸɸɾˮЩǲһֱǸɵĴɨͥԺĻ
Щˣ˹ɿˮʦһι̼Ҳжˡ
ɵǵЦЦõģʦڣ̳ǲ£ûܶʦúúѧϰҽԺȫҪġ
һģһһֱʦʦߣ
˵͵һִţһ˿塣


1991 ؤֹʣ
ˮЦЦҵˣȻͽܣҾͻ㵱ŮһԺҵļˣҼвˣϲǵġ
Цˣĵĵͷ¿Ϊûǿļ壬ԲŻн죬żޣ޶ֵãǸ˱ˣһʼǸͬˣҲҲһϤӰӡ
ϸ磬ҲˣڵĴյѾĴˡ
ˮЦ˵
˵˼ӹţ˵ϵ㣬Ź˶ЩΪеûˡ
˿ں˵
ϸ㵹ǿҡ
ɲǿ˫۾ϲʱ򿴵ĺ׼ġ
˵

ڶˮͽ꣬ˮҽϵ츳ʵ̫ǿˣˮر⣬ԬһҲһ˵츳ͬóĶҲͬҲãõ˺ʵѡ
ǱԬգѻ꣬ٺһӦˡ
ˮһҽ֮·ȻˣЩ˶ԼˣǽһǿõһҪȥھݴ½ĺѡ
Ͼݴ½жǷһݵģǺǿļʲôҲֻһһ뿪Ҫ´һƬʵҲԸڣһһվס֮ǲԸ뿪ġ
磬ԻվסһһѾ汲ոˣޱߵи㹻һˣ߱½һ㶼һõ뷨һõԸѡ
̼ҺżҲǸٹ̣ȻܴôãȻ֮ˮûҪǣܲܲ˵֮αڡ
ͬҲԼĹ˼ɣˮ֪ԼôܽһӴҲܲ򣬶ҪĶԷ޷֡
ûµˮ߳ȥ̳ǿ㿴Ҳһˣ⻹ǵһγǴĿߵĺĿ·ߵһС
ˮһֱԼʵʲôʵʵġ
ҪҳϣҪٳɣȵʱ̫ˣƺҲ̫ʣҪͬʱС
үͿڳԵİɣ
ˮʱ򿴵һõкվԼǰˮкҲʮ꣬ӦûûгˣҲˣʵˮе⣬ʲôǿʣҲǱһʺ˺ܶࡣ
ؤһؤ̳ôԣĳǳػؤģҲֵ֣ˮкûпʲô裬Ҳûֵĵ峺Ҳܼ㣬⵹ˮ⡣
ˮ׼ǮʱȴͣкЦҿȥӦеΪʲôȥģĪؤǰ;
кһ㶿ˮҪ֪˻˵ÿһ˵һ߿Ҫһ٣Ǻ飬ż˸Ǯ
Ҫһ˵ǿԣǻмֵܽãСһ˴סǵȥ³ʲô⣬ֻܸչǡ
꿴ˮѵ˵Ҳ֪ô¶ŷĸо
ˮʱŷֲԶмСӣСĹƾ꣬ˮʱǰ껹Ǻܲģʵһжˣ
겻֪ˮʲô˵ʮˣĶʮ࣬СľǼʣµĶǺҲ¡
ˮ۾һɲԴҼǡ
ˮЦ˵ûж⣬ԸıǵǲΪ𣿡
۾һǰرĸо˻ĿԸıԼˣǸûԼ룿ǸԸʾ£κҲԸؤ
ˮʣµˣˮҲΪ˿ǵʣֻҪУˮҪǶõʣҲõʡ
ЩŶʮһ꣬ʣµĴ󲿷ֶʮңꡢģЩСһȻСǿ
еҲʮʲģҲǲʣµֻһ㣬õûУʵַϲʲ࣬һҲǺȱġ
벻ΪǿߣΪˡ
ˮЩʵ
Щû˵ֻĿˮ
ˮȭԶһ޴ʯͷҵķ顣
һЩˣÿ궼һԼӢΣ֪пʵⱲӻûϣˣҲϰ͡
Ѿϰ䣬ȻмûйûѵͣҪʲô
һʮ˵һ츳ģˮ֪һΪģѰĸͨ˸Ķ֡
ûʲôϰ֣֮ҿںܶʱвʵѵûУҾҪǸ飬Чң㱾졣
ˮ͵ĿǸ꣬Ӧһ˵ͷͷ
ĬˣֹʣѾˣҪҪۣʱĹƽõپҪʧȥ١


1992 ǧ֮ʼ£ӥ
ɫˮҲţ˺һᣬ˵Ȼؤʲô캦飬Υµ飬Ըһֱǵؤˮû뵽˵ĻЦ˵ģ飬ҿԱ֤
ã㡣
꿴Χ˾
ˮȥһȦôؤ˵һȣˮȥ·Ȼȥϴһ
ܿȻһµʱ򣬼ʮˮǰˮûҪ˵ʲôֻ˺ܶණֻǼһϣЩ˵ѾǾζˡ
ԱˮЩ˾ۼںԺЩʵѾвɿ֪ãʲôģҽ˵ģǵв˻õõơ
ǰҲ֪ǽʲôǵҸһ£һʵﵽһʵʱԸͿԻָ֣վ
ˮ˵ָָǸ֮ǰΪ׵ꡣ
վһ
ԺֽûһǴʼ󣬲ôţԺǵĴţһӵʱ佫źüסǡ
ˮ˵
ǣ
ĽЩ˴ʼһֱʮ壬ʣµǼĺûǼ룬Ժɵĺһ棬ЩСһһ˼ҵĺӣǵЩŸǿ
ԺҺѵǣǿԽǴˣǳɼһǵۿ֮ţ߳Ϊͽܡ
ˮָָ˵
֪ˮҪʲôˣֻôؤƺЧ̫룬ЩѾ䣬Ǻʲôõģǳʲô漣
ϸ磬˳ѵ죬Ȼòпİ취ѵǵ־ԣһ˵ʵУԲ㣬¾ǾҲУɲ򡣡
ģ
Цŵͷˮκξ֧֡
ˮЩѵǼģԲ˿ൽʱǻ뿪ģˮӶ۾п˼㣬ײ㣬ƽʱ͹࣬ĺӱȽ죬ǲ³Կࡣ
ļ죬ȺɽӾԼȥĸԳšܡ¶ס׵ȣôѾô㣬ǰǵӶԺҲ°빦
м䲻ʱĻιȥҲû˵Լܲˣˮ⣬ĽѾˣǵԻǱȽġ
ˮںԺ˺ܶ׮ӣԼһдľˣЩľ˿Ļģ˵ľˣʵľ׮϶˼ӲľֱһˮȽǵȭ׮
̵ʲôˮҲ̫ˮѾЩӵķˡ
ЩȴеˣΪȻܣԼҲΪĴڡ
ˮЩߴ̿·ߣȵϬǴ̽鱨ȣǵʵ
ЩÿܴˮҩҩˮǴ壬ϴǵϴ赤ȸǵʡ
ˮûʲô仯ЩӵѵȴûͣÿıҪϢʱ䣬ʱ˳ԷѵչٶȻǺܿġ
Щһֱһֱо֪ôǧ֮ʼ£ˮһҲǺܹؼһЩôﵽԼôϾҲŶ٣ԼܲܽӴǸ⡣
ǰˮоԼ̫׷ˣȱǱģҲҪʲô顣
ˮǮҩݣԼǿĵҩҽҪԼʵ̫ʧˡ
ϸ磬ʵһҪǺȱ˵ġ
ˮЦ˵
ţҶˣʮ˵Ҳ
Ц˵
ˮһ㶣ʳأ뿪𣿡
ʵʳùܣԼƶȣ˵ǶڣֻҪʮΪﵽû˸жġ
Ц˵
ȻҪǾͶˡ
ˮ뵽塢ͨˡ
ս񴫳ߣպˮպˡ

ɾˮܶʱ䶼̫ȭһһĲ䷳ˮһֱŷɣﵽһ̶ȿԻΪ档
ˮݹ̫ͨȭһʩչʱ䣬˶˺ܶʱ䣬ӡ󷨣̤
ˮĶӣܶ࣬ˮޣһֱûзǵʵĿǰܰˮĻޡ
ڵĴСûʲô仯ҲǰĴô󣬻һ㣬һɢ岻Ϊ̷ܳκһĲ
رգۣһϬ޼᲻ݵϬݿԴݻͷǰһ߳׳״ĺɫǣܼ⣬ԽԽ֣ˮԹֶȫӷĹĿǰʵˮǲ̫̫࣬ˮȴǵֵסϬĹ˵ˮ壬Ҫ֪ˮǺǿġ


1993 Сŵ㣬֪
޵ʵҲǿʵﵽٵٶȿԴﵽ٣˵ٵʵֻǿԳסٵĹᱻˣǿ˺ġ
Ϊֵܵס޹Ĵʵ̫ˣˮûмʲô˻ֵܵס޽һ㶼ǽ޻ɣһδεĻɣϲ޵Ĵڣôֻһɱ
ҲʵֻĿֲȴǾԱضй֮޲һЩöԷֹֻҪܹԷôսͿԽˡ
ҪǴˮǿңżԳܣˮһܣΪٶûʲôơ
ڤԼʵҲһֱѸеǿˮʵսеǿ޷ǿżսҲԽԽĬ
޺һҲǳ֮ƣֻҪԷޣ޾ͻᷢϬĹԷޣ޾ͻʹ׻żʹ׻ر׻ʹãϿѸɱһǿĴڣֶܶôǿֻҪ׻ĵϾ군ˡ
׻ÿʹõĴޣ׻ۻȻҲֲֻܿҪʱ䣬޵һЩ޵׻׻٣Ҳܶࡣ
𵤺;תˮѾ²٣ˮѾʹˣʹӵʵֻǺܿһ㣬𵤵ļֵȣԴ˷ѡ
ҲǴ˺ܶƿˮƵѾǾˣѾʹˣѾûʲôЧˣҲˮʵԴﵽ̶ȵһԭֻҪʹõĶ϶ʹˡ
оˮڿ屶ҩ
µĿЩСӵĽǾ޴ģˮһȥǵĽȻһһˡ
Ǹ꣬ҪչֵõǸ꣬ЩǲõģȭٶŲ츳
ʵǿǸš
֮ǰ֮ʹйӣˮЩɾֹӴµ̫ˣֶãԸһЩʣһЩʣԹ֮ûʲôá
ֹʤںóԣˮû¶ˮԣʱҲЩˮɳʲôġ
ҵĽܴ󣬽ڸһǻϲġ
ˮԪȥ
ڵĻԪѾ֮ǰĻԪˣĻԪֻһǧڵĻԪǧЩ޷ܣȻˮֱʹ屶ҩ
ϧֻһԪ͹һʱˣһʱ֮һ͵վг𺳣Ҫ֪ǧֱʵ
ڿ˵ȫͨˣϾһͨ˻ٽͷⶥˣһͨȥҲͼʮﵽٽٽѾͨ۷ˡ
ǻ϶Ѿǧٽңǵһεʵͽ
֮ǰˮǴϴ赤ǿǵȴΪԺʵͽҲΪ˸̫ҪˣˮóرûΪʱʼ°빦ͱ緿Ӹһӹ̵ػûʼʱػǸԶ׼
һʼЩҪһܳʱһκҪǿģҪ֪֪ˮҩʦڴ½ҩʦһĴڣ¾ǺҩʦҲǸȦĴڡ
һܺˣʮҲˣˮٿʵչĿܶ࣬ڵǼѾԺˮһμսˣ̳ҲߵǸȦ
һˮǸʵȦˣҪ˶ô̳Ǿͻ֪ءĴڣǱ̳̼żҲѷɫ
ˮҪԶԶֹˣΪˮǿҽҪóΪһȻĴڣöһЩͨҲҪЩļ岻СҲ
ץҩ˼ѧͽˣѵʮû츳ģһ;ûʲôϢģˮֱǷ𵤣ðɡ
⼸˴ﵽһӳЩʺõģҲ֪һӺдˣǴʱĿ޷ݵģҪ֪Ҳͨ˲Ԫ֮ǰҲ롢ҲĴڣԼˣһжˮġ
ˣл
ˮݡ
ˮҲûҪ֪ܹǸҪ֪Ǹʸ˵ͽܣҲˣСС˵ŵ㣬㡣
ɵѾˣȻɬѾˣʱ䲻ڵɺ֮ǰѾ֮һҲ֮ܺǰҽѧûйϵо츳
ˮĹ䣬ҲǾԵģͺñװˮˮһ󺣣һǸˮͰһǸˮסˮӣɿԳƵǸСĺˣ֮ǰǸɺԵģֻһСһˮڱˮ󺣺ܿ͹ˡ


1994 żҵ
ˮ˿⼸˵ϣЦЦ˵Ŭܿͻᳬǵģǵʵһˣʲôĵҩ
Ҳһ֪ĺӣԵͷ˼㡣
ϸ磬ҪŬǣԺĵһ
ˮЦ˵
۾һˮĻǲңôﻹǺģԼģû˶ô
İɣû⡣
ҲеȺˮ֪Դ¶һƬգһƬ

⼸رİżûг֣̼Ҳûг֣ˮеˣżûӴ֣˵ڵżڶȽеϾ̼Ҳ־е׽͸
̳ǵ̼Ҿһǿ̵Ĵڣ̳ϵģǿ˵˭֪̼ĸֺ̳ܶ࣬ǵס
һǿ壬˵ǲܿż˱֮޶Եģ̼ڼλôһ⣬ο̼˵ĴֻǸ֮ڵú̼Ȳʮǧ
õһѾʼ죬ԽԽãҲڽĴȥҪми̳ǵļ壬ϴ̳ļ֮һżҡ
żҵմƣһŵֻΪսʱΪˣż˼ܶһˣżʧֱӻżͣͲǰ꣬ˣƿõĽӹżңôżҵĵλ֮ڸһ¥¥
ԴûΪ֮įԼձɻҰżҺܶҲǸоܣҲһЩܿģΪλӾˣ˵ûҲ˼ȨżҼ֧Ȩ͵λǺܸߺܸߵġ
ǰǴ̳ǵĽ֮ӣһЩҲǱǿ磬Լ˷ˣǰԼֿһָͷһȺĴڣڻܺˡ
ţã
ⲻܳƿǰųǰˣ¶һĨЦԼ˺ܶҩʦȥĺѰǿҩʦһûһЩҩǲָܻˡ
ֻǸҽݣҲ֪Ϊʲô͸Ŷ˶顣
ǿǲż𣿡
ǰһϲ˵
ʲôżţһ˶ܴ
˵˿ЩΪģڵȷʵԴһʮᣬڵûЩаٷ֮һӲ
ʲôǰô˵ڿ˼װʲôͷҸȻȻ
ʱһߵһͷ֮ǰ˵
Ǹ׳˿ʱһԼΪԼߴˣվԼߵ˱ܸ߳һͷ࣬⻹㣬һһԼ׳һ
׳磬Ҵˣ
˻ʶǳ׳Ĵ󺺵ģˡ
żΪ˻ǺܺõģҲ̫ûˣô竻ϵǸãǺûñ˻ǧꡣ
ǰ̫ϧˣǴ̳δһǿûˡ
ţ㿴ҲŶӣǲҲΪ˻ָʵ
ôһ˵ҲǺϾżҵʵƿ˲ٵǿҩʦҪ֪żóһĲƲʲôĻżŵΪżҼüǮ
Ǯû˿Σû˾ûˣġ
˵ܲκ
˺ʵ
żҵ˶ǿҽʦҩʦûκãͷܴ󣬲ӦúҪκƣǹֱӻѹʥҩˡ
ǰʥҩǴ̳ĵطҩʦǴ̳ǿģŴﶼûбκá

ʵңҲֻǹʹûҪκãǲ룬֪ϲܣϣԽʧԽѾԼϣһЩ
˾õʧȥܲˣδûеõ
ܳûκνŶǰܿǰʣһˣǸŮӣƯϢһׯŮˡ
ŷˣҲ֪ŮżŮˣĺƯڿƯرϵϢرˣ˸оޱȵ
İҩһޱȡ
ҲǺ֣ʲôʱʼŮҲ˿ˣû˵Ǹҽʦ
ӵĶ棬İַϡ
ɿһۣƽȻָͷѹϣһ̧ͷûʲôˣˣ֪ǲġ
Ƶͷţ
еɳƣҲƽ


1995 ƣķⱦ
ǸӲʵˣѾˣһˣǰҲʮӣԿȽᣬߣĸֻҲǺǿԿǺᡣѾûΪҲûǿԪ󣬹Ҫ˶þͻ˥ϡ
ҲѧģҪڻܶܶ࣬룺£ҽʦ
Ƶͷлл
ˮ˵һˣ˵ʱվ˵ߣȥ˳Ҳⷽôơ
ɺܼǸߣҲģˮָˣԽƵоˮƣԾˮ
Ȼ֪ѵԪ治סǶôΣԵˮκ֪֮ǸˣˣһеİˮΪʦֻΪԼҲΪöӿԳˣ⾪ϲĳˡ
ˮ֮ǰĵطΧʵܶˣȻԶ㣬ڹעߵϾƻǺܳģĲҲǺܳǺ֪ˮǲĿơ
ˣߵӡ
ˮ֪Ǹᣬƺƣôõֱӻ̨֪ףˮǰںʵⲻǰǲںڵһƬҵôҪһЩˣ̫Ҫˡ
ˮͬȻЦ˵Σ
ˮ˵֣ȴһ㶣ţΪԼˣڲ֪λǲΡû̫ľϲΪûκ֮ǰǺѾϲģһδʧľˡ
ɻĿˮΣ
ܣе鷳
ˮ֪һκãȻΪܼ򵥣е̫ˣе㲻߼ԼʹҪҲҪҪһʱ䣬ҲҪһ£һҪоԵЧϣ
Ҳ鷳ҡ
֮˵
ˮͷҽҪҵһЩҩݣҸ㻭Щܲҡ
ˮҩݶһЩҪҵҩݣоʾԪˮûôʱȥңżӦżҾռˮҲĻ˲ٵҩݡ
ˮҲԺԷ֣ҩݣЩ·Ҳ򣬸Ҫһղ˺ܶҩݡ
ҪҵҩԽԽҲܿϣҲ֪ΣҲ˶Ŀ
ˮý룬ϵģۻҵַ𺳣ΧγһƵĽɫ壬ˮΧҲУַⱦ
ȷʵǷķⱦˮޱȣ֮ǰû뵽Ƶһʱ֮ڵһƷͻƣγķⱦԵаħţβˡ
⵹һľϲǾ޴ľϲˮβͺǿˣȴǸǿˣǷⱦɢĸطĸֻӣӲԣԣԼֿٶһ
ˮоޱȵһ˿޵Ϣڣһ˵ĸоеˬе
ڵķǴˣͬʱҲܴﵽ۷壬źܴİٶȻǽʲôҲӡ
ⱦܳϱĶǾԵıֿɲô״ϵġ
ˣִĳ޷ݣΪܵ˵ѾˣŻָ֮һǰҲģҵҲˣ֮ǰﲻܴһֱʹ
ƺȫˣˣԴˡ
סȻԴ֮ڲ֮ǰͨһȸ㿪Ҫù£չһҲǲܣסǺҲҪȻ´Ҳûа취ȫָˡ
ˮ˵
л
ˮһ
ˮڰ֣֮ǰ˵ЩҩݣȻҲѻָǰġ
ˮ֮ǰҩݣһҲҪõġ
æ˵û⣬ȸˡ
Ƶɫúܶ˶ˣɵҲܿÿƣο֮ǰǸɫׯϵһĶǳ״ˣϾƵҶġ
ֻҪǲָܻõİ취ͬʱԼˮɻһô̳ǵĺܶע

һּҳżȻĵģżҼŵ㵹ʮӣƶżҶҪġ
żҴ˺ܶ࣬׵һˣϵˣڼŵĸףʱϺܿģɼ֮ǰ̸ܿģͻȻɫһ䣺ˣһΣա
һ仰ŵҲɫˡ
ýһ˺Զ˲żҺãҲ˲ƺ˲κƣΪǶβƣôñκơ
ףҴȥҲλҽ¡
ŵɫ˵
ȴɫλСҽ治鷳


1996 ʥҩ̰
Ҳףֻǲ֪ΪʲôԼҵүӶƺܿá
ףҪҪȥã
ŵԼү˵
ȥȲѱ
˵Ļŵͷ⣬ͳ棬ƺǻ飬оڶԷΣֵʱ֣ŻõЧ
ͬʱ̳ǵһɽǱ˹ɳׯ԰ĻܺãˣʥҩĴӪ
˵ǸĿκƣ
˵ǸߣһۣüëŨڰ䣬һ˫۾̸ȴǺϣվһ꺺ӣ꺺Ŀ࣬һɫӣ꺺ӵģͨ
ȷʵƵĵѾԾˣȻûȫָѾԿ϶һκơ
꺺ӿ϶˵
̫ˣⵤϵѣû˭κã⼸Ǿ֢Ϊľ֢޷֮ǰΪҲǳ׷ϵġ
½Ϊ˾Ϊʧ̫ˣǵΪ͵ĸߵĶУΪߵһΪʧִǲܳܵģһ㲻̫ǾͻԼ˶Լر֮ǰΪԽԽ޷ܣ֮ǰʳ檳ȺޣɰӣһΪʧܿͻʲôҲʧˡ
̽һУʱҡ
ǣ
꺺뿪ˡ
ʱ߳һ֮ͬˣ֮ǰƺҪһЩһͬصĳۡ
ʦ֣ô
֮ǰǸʵ
ģýΪһصĴڣܺ˻ˣǿǿ󣬶ύãƾҽҲܿ¡
ʦ˼˵
ǸʦзĹâȻʦ֣˵ҪǰǸҽŪʥҩǲǾͻһ졣
ʦ̧ͷʦܣʦܰһЩһ²˵ӵһǲ³çһǴע˾ԲżڹڱԷϾûκƣʱżǲóµġ
ʦ֣Ҳ֪Ҳ˲ƻţǲĿðκõġ
ʦܵŽ̰֣ӵǿʶ۷֮ˡ
ҽһǲ⴫ġ
ʦ˵
ʦ֪֪Ǹŷ𣿡
ʦϵЦݸʢˡ
˵ôˣ
Ůھ͸ǸѧҽҵõɿϢŮǸ˵ͽܣҪĵĽԼҽ̸ŷˣǿҽĿǰӦûѧᡣ
ʦҪô
ʦҲ֪Լʦܵ״ʲôע⡣
ŮӦúǸ˵Ĺϵһ㣬˵ŮҪЮ᲻Ķ̸ǣ
ǸŮ˾˵ǶԷȵģ˵ҪЮԷŮ˲ҪЮѡɱô죿
ʵѡ񣬵һֱҪЮŷиӣֻҪǸʲôͻʲôֻҪǾͿֱڣʱ˭ỳǡ
ʦг˵
ʦֳĬˣԼʦһĺ¹ϣΪĿĲֶΣֻҪϵĶŮûеòġ
ʦ֣֪ʲôһĻһץסʥҩڵĵ̺ղؼϵõʥҩǰ;
ʦܹƻ˵
ʥҩ¡
ʦ̾˵
ʦߣҵľϸڣԲµģǵòʥҩ£һҪǵõˣǺô޷ġ
ʦѾǺѻͷˡ

ˮ¶֣ǲ±˿Ϊ˴ˮ˭¶ԷԼ֣ǵĶԷߵ֣ڴ̳ԼѾˣɺӣͨǵĶӣʮһˣӳɲ
ҪĵľСӳɲʵԲһ֮⣬˵ʵǿԳΪһˡ
ˮݷԸСĵ㣬رҪչ˺Сӣˮû˵̫أǿֻţɫ԰׵˽
ʦСĪˡ
˵۾ˮ
ȱţ˵˵µġ
ˮοҲǺܷŭ
ˮ֪ԷԼͼӦһԼ˲þȵˣֹԼˣڶǴԼҽӦòΪԼȥˣΪԼûоܾԷҽ
СĪɵĶӡ
Ҳֻ֪һӰץСĪˣٶȺܿ죬ҾתСĪȥʮ˸Ƥ׷ϡ
˵͵ˡ
᲻żң
ˮ²⣬Ͼ֮ǰżһЩ飬һҲųġ
Ҳ֪ʦҸô죿

õģԷСĪӦͼǵϢӦúܿͻеģʦ֤СĪû¡
ˮֻסȼͷųһȺʷ䣬Ҳ䡣
ɶЩ䣬飬Ҫһʱ䡣
ţллʦ
ڵѾ侲
ɵѾͷʦˣסʲôһ£̫СĪľ
ˮ
ʦһġ


1997 ɱץв
ˮڵŭܴ󣬲ûʲô仯ľ֣νˣֻҪвߵ˻ˣˮһöԷù
ˣֻҪˮһѶԷ
ˮҲе޲ߣֻܵȣڵȨȫڶԷУûϢˮ֪һϢģҲǺܵģҪ˵¶ԷСĪ֣ĸӦúܵ͡
ҵĺܣû˵ʲôʦģֵĺӡ
ˮѾʱɸﲡˣڵ˼ȫ
ѾˣѾϳһŵķΧͬһʱжһţϵݺܼ򵥣ǸɣĶУҪӾͲҪţһȥ̳ǵ
ţˮ˵ĻҪҪˮ뵽˵һˣҪţںܾᡣ
ҲڵѾﵽʩչѾԽ˱ǿٵĴڣһǰȥ

һ͵͵ȥ֮ûзҪҵˣܿһ˽룡
ǣ
ɻʵ
ҴȥҪˡ
Ц
һˣ֮ͨ
ҧҧ뵽ѾûмԼĶˣ߸˹ȥ
ɺһʱϰվһ濴ʱÿȥķҲ֪뵽ˮ⼸˵ɵĺӶˡ
һ֮Ů˺һ˵˼֮Ǹ˾ͷٵ뿪ˡ
ˮʱ򣬷ѾˣҲǴһΪ뿪һⷽû߳䣬Ҳû÷𻵡
ԲҴˣҸֹġ
ھε˵
ûϵһллңҪڻ֪أҸѾͷһҪңһ˳
ˮΡ
ҪҸ飿
˵
ܣ
˿϶˵
ˮһϲ͹ˣҵɶһл
ڰ֣ÿ
ˮȣʱ뿪ˡ
һʱ֮ѾõϢˮѾ³ˣһǸ鱨̽ĴڣӦûд鱨֪̫̽ǿˡ
Ů˵һص㣬ˮͼϵǸλã֪ûΪ֮ǰ̽ľ︽䲻֪ʲôԭҵȷλãʧһЩ
ȹȥлˣ
ˮ˵Ҫ뿪
һ¡
ˮɻĿ
֪ʲôط𣿡
֪
ʥҩڵλãûĻӦʥҩͽܣӦǴҽʥҩȻҩʦӶ࣬ʥҩʵҲС
˿ˮ˵
ɽҲȥģģҲµġ
ˮںܼ
ŮˮĻɫеΣҷʲôģҺûϵûºʲôϵֻһֳŮӵ̬Ͼ͸оԼΪʲôҪ⣬ΪʲôҪ̽ɵ䣬Ǹʥҩ
ŮҲ֪ΪʲôǸоǸˣϴιÿųٵζѵԼǶЩԵͼ
òðæ
Ůʵ
ԼӦÿԣ鷳
ˮͷ˵Ѹ뿪ˡ

ɻԼѾһУûһûжãſ֨һˣһߣһ˫۾ʱ΢Цſɡ
˭Ϊʲôץң
Ҳ֪Լ˱˵ĵ
벻ӡ
ƽ˵
ӣҼӡ
СĪϽ˵
𼱣û˺ǣɣ֪нָҽҾͷǡ
΢Цſɡ
Ҳᣬʦûнҡ
ɹϵ˵
ֻЦ
ҲŸʦѧ˼ҽôǿҽҪ⼸ѧˣǵҽʦˡ
ɼ˵
ҪĶĬд
ɲɫ
ûѧ
ȻСһһֶֻһΣֻҪ֪Ͷһֶֻ֣û˾Ͷš
ƽ˵
һСĪǰ
ףס
СһˮǱ󺺰ţһһѵһְֻСĪһֻ֡
СĪ
˵Ͷȥ
߻˵
һֻ֪Ҽвַûã㣬УôӦûѧᡣ
֣
ͣ˵
ǵСĪѾһ磬ѾˣŶһֻźţô֣ԸԼֱ
дɣסҲҽõĸߣֻҪķӶѣһдҾͻӵһֻ֣ڶλᡣ


1998 ˮŭ
ߵĻһߣֻдżҵƾûƣʦҲûнҡ
߿ɣ֪˵滰ܱ˵Ѿһ⾪ϲˣʵ߱ûдõʲô˵ģŸˮ졣
ںܿģʱˮͰôҪĶ̸ɣɼɶˮҪԣоԼĺ淽һԴЧ
Ҳ֪õǸҽʦˮһǿҽʦ
дĲ֡
˵
дϣǲҪ˺ҵĺӡ
ɿ˵
ȻҿԱ֤
ߺ˵
űʿʼƤֽддĲǺܿ죬ҲǺΪ˲߻ɣдʱûдͣдӵʱдꡣ
ɵƤֽ˷ܣſžʹˣ棬̫棬ֻܿһЩҪѧƺǺףȻɡ
ҽһ飡
˵
Լ⣬ҪǲĽⲻͨôмһиĶ
Ȼ֪ѲµˣԽʱûиĶΪ֪ȫ߶ԷҲ
һֱϵżźҽȻ֪˵ġ
ڿԷŹҵĺ˰ɣ
ɿʵ
ڻʱ򣬲ĺദһ죬һȥʣµľʲôĽгҾͻĺ뿪
ߺǺЦ
˵
ɫࡣ
ʲôʱ˵㻰ˣ֮ǰұҪ㺢ӵֶΣ˵ⲻûѵҪҿ
ӿɡ
ɴ˸һаʣµĲ֣һҪҪĺɱ
ҪǲӦھͰ㺢ӿһֻ֡ҪǻӦҾٿһֻ֣ûҿţȣû˸첲ȣҾһֱλãģûһġ
ɳĬˣûΪҲûã֪ô죬ˮʦܰľߣоɥĲļһǲŹԼģԼóҪĶ
СĪѾԲʦˣ׶ʦȵģԲײٶԲʦˡ
ᱧСһﲻͣ˵
Ŀ˸û뵽ʱ˵ãȻͿҰ㺢ӵָͷһļɡ
˵վһѷĳҾһļ˵ǲǺۡ
ҪҵģŹҵĺӡ
ɫɷס
ֻҪӦˣұ֤ǺƽܽʳҪʲôʲôӦҰɣ˲ΪѵĿĺôСкܳ·Ҫߣõ졣
һĹɵľ
ôӦˣҴӦˡ
һֱӴߵĶС
ߴһתⷿſˣһ΢Цųſڡ
˭Ŷ㰡һôŪأڵãԶˡ
Ǵһƺƽ
ߵһɺСĪɺСĪץȥ
ˮϵ˶Էôһ֣Ӱһ
Ź
ͬʱһǰҲֵһȭָѸٴ
ԣ
ߵȭͷˮĿڣһϲҲҽһ㣬뷨ûʧԼļﰤһȭ·𱻶ҧһޱȣֱ᲻һ
ˮһ˶Էһϣ߱ĺˣˮ̽ץסߵѨһ˿֮ȥͬʱץѨȻһקһжֱмĹؽڣǷؽڡ
꣡
һĹ𣬰ߵһʹˮûֹͣһһ㣬ַĽߵĶؽжѨҲǽˮĴ򷨺棬ǿоˮ䣬Ĺϵ𣬻ǲϵĲҺ
ˮǲģһɱ̫ˣ뿳СĪǾͷϵ֣̫Ѫȣˮֱֱ۵Ĺͷȫ
첲˫ҲǣѾһ嶯һڱ֮ѾѪѾˣ߹عǶ˲٣ʱˣˮַҲȥֻһЩʹѡ
ˮ붼֪ϱ̫Ѫȣɱھݴ½ʲôɱʲôˣ˾ԸɱǲΪ棬ˮʹޱַʽȻôҪԼŭ
꺺ӴʱŵڵϣЦߵĲôҶ
ˮˣ֮ǰץСӣôԼöֹֻҪܲ߳ȥҿɲܱ֤
ˮĿǸˡ
ԥһ£һֻóһһƺߵԼֱϣȻһֻˤǽϣĹһ˿ߵĲҲˣȻͷ亹Ŀˮ
ˮڰ֣Ҫ˱أһͻкܶǵߵ˽լߵʵǿƽʱﲢûˣҲû˸š


1999 ʦ
ʦ
СĪˮСĽţίһ˿Ρ
ˮ߹ȥСĪԴɵԴⲻô˻ޱӣԺɲһ˳ʲôǵøңʦ
ʦҶԲ㣬ҰҵĶдˣţ⡣
ε˵
ɵѾͷͽܣ̸˭û£ҪƽƲѣֻҪСĪƽЩʲôǲȱЩԺѧһΪᣬҲֻά㣬û˸£һǿҽʦֻҪƤӾͻǧΪκ£ܶ˶£˭£ûǰͻ¡
ˮЦ˵
ʦ
ɱסˮ˳û˶ôãûôʱоԼǸСŮһСʱڼڸĸо
ˮϵ˼£ý˼£ɵʵѾָˡ
һ洫һӵĽŲˮ֪ԷˣģֻҪԼ룬û˿סԼ
ˮѾоˣ֮ǰķⱦˮεս˲٣Ӧ˵Ǻܶ࣬Ҫ֪ڵˮǴСǿˮĹֱַɱԷ
οˮʲôģɱݡ
ʲô˾Ҵʥҩ
δ
ˮߵԺ䣬ԺӺܴ󣬴ʱǰаˣҶǺ֣ϾԷѾʥҩѣʱƽǾ͹ˣټܹекǰ
ˮΪ׵һˣ˺׳˶ף·һֻʨӣʨܻ۷壬ϵ׳˵ֻеƣͷҲǻףһذ׵ӴĵҲ䲻
˵쳣ܿ࣬˫ۺܴ񣬴ʱˮˮѾǶߡ
ʦҪΪ
Ǹĺ
ˮǿˣֿߵļߣӦö˵ͽܣߵģĻ治٣ʱһˮŭ·Ҫ³
ֻҪ˵ģû뵽˾ȻҴðߣҪֽš
ˮ΢Цſˡ
˵ûˣǰͼıʥҩҩ
ǸߴʱȴǴĺ
ˮһһȭͷʯͷֱӵˮһߣʯͷ·۾һֱӴǸߵϣֱӽݴΪֽŶˣ²òȥ͸ˡ
ء

ϵ뷢
˼ң˲Ҳˣ˾ȻҵˣҾԻֻҪйϵһҲܵ
ˮʵȻ˫ҲǶˡ
úãûʥҩô񡣡
ȻˮĲᡣ
үүѵѵ
һ꾫ĺվ˵
˵ң㲻֡
˼˵Ѿƽ
һ͵ϮʦŻģȻôôܴʦ塣
Ȼ˵
ء
һʯͷסֻͣѪֻܷ
˿ԼͽôһԼһȽϵͽܣˮĿһŭ鳽ȥʦܡ
˵⻰ʱܡ
ǣ
һ˹ȥ߾ҵʦ֣˵ߡ
ȡʯͷҲ˵ʱѾûһݣѪֱӿޱȵҡ
˵ʥҩ˻ҽ⣿
˿ˮʵ
ˮͷ
Цʥҩƾãȥ⣬ˣ˵ѻҲҪҸɿġ
˵
˼˼Ҳ˵Ļˡ
ˮɫԷȻϣǻٵʥҩ飬ȥᱻ½ȡЦġ
ˮҲ֣ǼȻҲûк˵ˣˣҽѾܵͷһǶԹɣһҪȥ˿
ˮ˵Ҫ뿪
վסط߾ߣʹĵط𣿡
˵䡣
ǲ֪˼ôҲ鷳Ѿ˼ˣҲãǾͺú˺ˣϣǲҪڡ
ˮת˵
Ҫʥҩһ
˵ƽ˵
ãҾ͸Ǹ
ˮЦ˵һȡ
һһĳֱҳȥ
Сӣң
˴ȡ
䣡
Գ˾֣ȻֱʧˣһѪȡ
Ѿ޷ƽˣˮͷѾ˵Ϊһ죬ûڿ鲻ô򵥣ȻǾִɡ
֪⣿
ˮȻһһǰȥ
ŭˣ̫ˣ˲һָˮҴ
϶ΪʲôͽʲôĶĿûҪиȣסˣһ֣ұذʥҩ
ˮŭ˫ֱۣ˵Ҳһ


2000 ιɣɽ
˿ˮڵһһöԷŭΪûŭҲǷŭѣȴǴˮϸܵһɷĵɱʵһ㣬Ƥۡ
˲ûд䣬ʥҩƾãһĬĬ˸ˣҲ̧ͷˣҲһЦ
ҽҿԷŹ㣬뿪
˳˼һỺ˵
ˮЦˣˣ϶װˣЩͽͽǰ¶޳ܵĿˡ
ΪǿǣûжûЩʱҲǵġ
˺ǡ˽˵
Χ˲ûиϵ֣ƺӵάΪһ룬ôǻҲױ˽ԭ¡
ã̫ˣʦʦʥҩһǿȥ˲Ҫ޵УǼˡ
ˮνʥҩûһĺøС
֪ôǻԼ
˽˵
˵ˣҾ֮ǰ˵ĻûҾ͸㣬֪˵̰ɶĺ
ˮ˵óƽսгޡ
ȫϣ鳽ȥץסǸŮ˺ͺӡ
ɭɭ˵
ˮŭˣŭˣϼһǱ޳֮ˮҲٿֱһ˲˵࣬ŹȻ˵еĻƽսֱһŭ
һ㣬еĳˮĿڴ
ˮս̫ãеĻƽսԻ鶯ֱһб˵ʺĨȥ
˵ĳϾҪ̵ˮĿڣˮƴҲ⣬ȴûгسѸ͵ˮȥ
ˮҲǾȣˮףоӦҲƵıȻԼƴġ
ۣ
ˮ̽Ŀڣûд̶Ҳ˲ˣҲûгףˮһ㶣֪Ǹø˻ƣ˵ڵķĺֲܿƵȴˣȻǺأϾˣãս
ˮĻƽսҲصĴ˵ĺһ˲ûоȣȴ˻꾪ƣΪǹȦȻըˡ
ɫ԰׵Ѹٺˡ
ˮҲһ㶣ƽսꪵġ̴ˣ⼸ʺСģ˵öȱ°һξͳ̴
ȻٺˣǴƺǻһһѪԼǵĶѣȴǼһƺˮƻҪһЩ
鳽ǳɺСĪѸٵĳЩˣˮǼɽס˺鳽ȥ·ɽĴССɽһһƽһƬ޶Ը˺鳽֮ǾɱĽࡣ
޵ٶȹ죬˺ͺ鳽ЩҲġ
ˮҲܲˣһ׵ľԱûãʱɱʱƽսչʽ·һˮֱ֫׷ףзѪȵζ
һս˲֪̫Сˮʵˣ֮ǰΪǸǣϾˮҲǾԵţڲ֪̫СԷˡ
ֲõԤУ֮ǰ˵ģҪţŵͷֱ˴һհס
һľ˲ٵһɣ֮ǰԷҪԼߣ˼߹Ҳˡ
ųٴγˮº鳽ץסŮ˺ͺǲˣǿСɽһĹԱһֲֻޣȻֻ޸Ӳ󣬵ʮֻǿ˲䱻ɱǴӺﴩ
ԼһʲôĴڣʥҩ̳ҲһеλʵĴڣȻóҩʲôģΪʵǺܲģڱһҪš
֪ϵ˵ôȥʥҩвԱУЩĶ˻ײаġ
ˮ̵ĲǵѪҲˣĻָԼǳ޷ġ
Ҫɱ㣡
˵ĳ貵ѩ׽⣬һʥϢɣϵ޸˵壬һ˵ʵڲϵ
ɣ
˴ʱͽһһһۣںϡ
˽һ
ˮüһιӦиʱ䣬ôǷϵˣˮǸÿԼԷɱӦúǿ֮ǰ˵ԼѽҲǷƷԼľԪιԴ
ƣ
һӣеĳ貵Ľâˮٶȿյǡ
ˮһ㶣ɽǷɽˮһֱŬϣԼһѲķɽɽĹһܿ͹ۣ˵ӦÿԳɽǷɽٶȣ̫ˣ˷ʤ
ž
ˮһִٿֵס˵ȴǱײˣһҪһͻƵ˷ⱦļ𣬹һ¾Ҫĵһεס
ۣ
һתٴγˮһν룬ٶֿһֱ֣ˮٴγȥˮ޷ֵĸоĿһԼĿڡ


2001 رңʥҩ
һ֣׳ˣˮ󾪣ΪǷɽٴԼٶʵ̫ˣһοɾûˣˮһţܿ뵽Լͨ
ͨ
һǷɽٶ˺ܶ࣬Ǻܿ죬ѾԿԶˡ
׷
ˮɽʹ׷û뵽ɹˣһûʲôвˣˮһЩ󷨶ʹˣл֮Ҳûʹãˮٴʹûƽսꪵֵסɽ
ˮѾ֪˷ɽ˵ɫѾ԰ޱˣˮ֪ⲻǷɽֻһڷɽľԵĻ򲻵ǿʹɷɣضΪˣҲᶪ
ɽܴ󣬵һ㣬̫ģżôһСѾҪڵԪ˲룬ǰιʹΡ
ʹ겻Ϊ˵ĻһɱˮٶȺʶ˵ǺǿˣɽٶȿûʱܣͨȻƾҪɽˡ
ֻǲ֪ܲܿסɽϬӦÿ԰ɣˮоܣ˵
ɽˮԼƳԼķɽҪ֪ԼƳɽҪ˵ǿĶ࣬ǿУеٶȱֱӷҪĶ࣬о˵Ԫ죬Էкܾá
Ȼһˮֻ̫ԼģϾеҲô޴Ļǹֻܷһκܽ·кãҲûá
ˮٴûƽսꪵ£ˮǱһֱˣɣɼɽ
ɽǿ󲢲Ϭʹ͸ˮǻƽսꪣ类͸ˣɽѾɢ˵Եıɽһ޴ĵΡ
緲֮Ĳࡣ
Ȼ˵ɽʵֻǷǷҲ񼶼ˣˮĻƽսҲ˿ѷɫ
뵽ЩˮԽϣԼķɽƳԼսƾͿüΣǧ֮նɱԷ̽ȡ
ž
ɽѣҲһѪήҵĵڵϣˮһ·
ˮ֪˻ˣƽ˵˶Ҫʥҩ˿뿪
ˮǲնݳʥҩһɣ˺ܶ࣬ԼɱҲѣ˵ˮɲɱ¾ŷⱦһεķҽǴȱΪ
ͽܣʮͽ϶ˣЩ˸ɱЩǰ˵һЩ޳ĻǾ˵Щ˶ĸνᣬˮһк鳽ԼܶϸܵȻŴ󲹵ҩǿɼЩȣӦòֹˣΪˮ֮ǰһЩ˿̰
ԷȻԼĶŲ˷ѵԭˮֳһЩɨһ£ռʲôֱӶɾˣȻɺСĪʥҩڲȥ
޵Ѱ˿ûжʧֱӴˮʥҩĲֿ⣬ˮʶһŵղغ͵̣ʥҩղȻҩʲôġ
ȻʯԼزٵһЩֵĲ֪ʲô⣬籦ˮٴο˱ⶫһ˿Ǻÿ棬һ˿ϣǲ֪ôãвġ
ˮſһ£Ҳ࣬СһôĹǼ⣬û˵٣Ӧò̫ߣҲӦòǺܵ͡
һǸһʹɵķȫ
ˮ⣬ֶرǿǿʹõģʹû̫ЧûԼʵӣֻˮûʹãΪ֪ӦƵģԼѾʹ֪Լܲʹãиֻʵﵽ۷塣
ԼڹӦÿʹĸӦòʹ
ˮһЩԼʵõģԼɽ֮ǲŪȻԼǿָҲǿûԼǿԵԺ˵
ʥҩĲرһˣҩռ˺ܶ࣬ݵģһЩԼҪģһЩҩ֣Ҫܸߵҩ֣־ͱʥҩ
ţ

ˮĿŲԶȱһ°ʯ뵽˵ǰѽһƷɽȱٵĲϣû뵽ˮҵˣ˵ǰѽͼ
һ鲻С೤ڽף㹻ˣӦþƼҲˡ
СĪһʼֵʱˮѾ˯ˣϾСôСѪȵĳᱻŵģСһﻹɻ˯š
ɸˮܿġ
öˮֱɨһȻ뿪ˣ뿪ܶʵӿʥҩȻʥҩϢҲ˲䴫˳ȥѸٵڴ̳Ǵˡ


2002 鱨
ˮصõʱѾˣҿˮ˻ʵܶ˶֪ô£˸ˮ֮ˮûиˣǵġ
˲֪ʲô飬Ѿ֪˴̳Ƿһ£ʥҩˡ
ֻڴʥҩˣû˵˭ģˮ֪öþͻᴫΪ̼ҡżҵεʵһ֪ʥҩôģ⻹һ֪Ҳġ
ˣ
ȻûжãǸŮ˾ˣˮʱ˫ĿһǾ֮ɫչһЦ·ǿˮɿһˮͷˣ
ˮﻹǺģԭڵԼЦ߹ȥζлˡ
ˣÿţҳԵô˶ʳرϲֻǲ֪ʲôʱʼʳʱǲǿԹ򡣡
Ů˿ĵ˵
ˮЦˣ֪Ů˶ԼЩʳȤЦ˵ʱҲ֪ʲôʱԳۣЩԵģǿһϣҿԸ㣬ҪصĵطңҸһЩЩϣԼԵĻúܾáʮʮҲԣ˶ҾͲұ֤ˡ
ˮǺܶģɾѻ˺ֻۣܶ࣬ԼˣЩϻڲϵĳ죬ԲõϹϡ
и飬֪ûȤ
Ů΢Ц˵
Ŷʲô飬Ǻϻ￪¥ɡ
ˮЦ˵
ⶼ֪
Ůе㲻˼˵
ˮŮ˾ȵСҲе㿪ģŮĺƯ˵϶ôȻе㴿ȴһָ߽֮
ѩ񣬹⻬ûһ˿覴޳رȴûһ˿׸⣬ǰرĺΰоβҲرķԵ֫Խϸ
һŮˣһֱķ飬Լдһ˿ģһ˿°Ҳһ
ʵǿԵģеܺ棬֪ɲʣϾңʳƺе㡭ˮµ˵
Ůһ㶣ˮɫƺǱ˼Ц˵ʲôʰɣ
ȥǱ˵òãˮָָԶͤ
ͤУɺСĪˮﻹǺɵģŪ˺裬ҲˮɾֲģζȻû˵ȻǶģʵǲĺҲܸоˬ
Իϲ˭ȵֲ趼ϲ˵òܺȵඥһĸоԣһͨ˶ܺȵˬǸоඥˡ
Ů˺һ֮Ͱˣһ߳һ߿ˮʵ̫ˣҽǿʵǿʥҩһˣǿһɣʱûˡ
ζĳʳôúȵĲ裬֪ʲôʲô̳ʲôҽݣӦòĿģϾʵ̳Ǿʶ֮ˣǮȱͼӦòᣬΪʲô
Ӧһ鱨ռ˵һ̽鱨ɡ
ˮ˳
Ҿ֪Ѿ֪ˡ
ŮҲȡ
Ǻֻǿ¥𣿡
ˮЦʵ
Ů֪ΪʲôˣϵõһЩ겻ͣǸҰĵˣƺݷڷչǸᣬ뵽Ůһϲȴûʲô仯
ǲ֪ʲô
Ů˿ˮʵ
ˣ˵Ҳ֪ҵĿ겻ľ磬Ӧ֪ɣֻǲ֪ھ˽٣˵ûн뷨
ˮҲ鲻ʲôܡ
ھ绹ǿ֪һЩҲ磬ˣ鱨ʵɻûأڿɲ˭Ŷ
ŮЦˮգգ۾
ˮĲ̲סס˵һôееԸС°Ůˣ¶ôɰԸеɫⲻǳ˷𡭡
ˮεЦЦΪŮɫָȴһ˿Ц⣬֮ǰҲˮɫеǱҲˮһ̶Լ̰̰ƺǳ֣峺ͺϲ
ûзУΪĸо
̫ˣ֪ԸԸһ˺
ˮϽʵ
Ͳֵ㣬ôֱӣôش˵ҿ죬᲻
ŮЦ˵
Ȼᡣ
ˮȻ֪仰ʹŮͬˡ
ǺǣǿһӪˣҽ档
˵һֻ۵С֡
ˮסҽˮ
С㣬Һܺ棬һӦЩġ
ˮӴɻ
ɣ˵ҶŴ̳ǵЩڲȤǺ벻š
ţ۾Ǻģ۹⣬һӾͿұȽںˡ
ˮ˵
ͻȻеоǲˡ
濴еƨˮȴЦˣԭҲһĬˡ


2003 ã
ˮߵʱٵϣںʱҲˣ֮ĺӦԺľ硣ڶˮΪɺСĪʥҩȥΪˮҽԭˮһ˸ˣϢѸڴ̳Ǵ
ֱʱõ˲֪رЩСӣ֮ǰֻ֪ˮˡǿȴû뵽ǿ̶ȣҲǾ˺һ뵽ˮɻ֪ˮȥʲôˡ
õˣһΪʥҩʥҩʲôڣȻõҽ˵ñʥҩҪǿ뵽֮ǰǿڿһжˡ
ˣɫƽſĵЦݣһ֮Ǻˡ
˲¶࣬ʥҩҲ̰ᡣ
ƿĵ˵
ô˵
ˮʵ
ʥҩʵﻹŲСģϾźܶҩʦţ˭һģǶҪһЩӣö֮ҲǵԸڿвȻסˣֻû뵽Щ˻ɳ˵顣
ֹˣĻºܶġ
ˮЦ˵
ʵֻ֪ûдѣ鲻ʲôϡˣϸҪԼҲЩ·Լձ飬ܶڲ֪ͻʧ
ҡҡͷ˵
ҿߵͦҪϲˡ
ƺԭ϶ۣһתת
Ŷ˽
ˮܺ棬Ҳ֪һ绪ŮﵽΪʲôž￪һϵεľ¥
ʵҲǺֻ֪ݺأıƺҲֻܴ֪ľˣƺΪɢɢģֻѾʮˣ⵹֡
ҡҡͷ˵
һѾˮκ˾ֻǶʱ䲻ʹԪѾƺܼˣҪ֪ûΪ⼸֪ٴ˶Լǿĸǵǵ񣬻ӣֻס¾һҲҪ¸ҵĻȥ
޾֮·żҵľţָżÿ춼߲ź֣ܶΪʱ䲻ʹԪһЩС֮ǰݺơ
ˮҲΪƿǣһԼƵıȻֵֻܵµʵֵ֣ܵҲԼϣԸ飬ԾǷҲһЩСǰȥƣֻҪʹԪͿԡ
˲֪ƲʹԪҲΪԷһ
ڵǺˣֻҪڼϢһ¾Ϳȫָ
˵ҵڶûһţҲһʬ⣬ϼǿЩǺͻҲ֪ôл㣬ֻҪõҵʱһһа㣬ҪҵҲԥһµĸ㡣
ƺ˵
ˮЦļ򣺡֮ûʲôԼҽΣҩʲôҲҺˣҽҩҲˣǷʲôǸҽʦҽݻô
֪ˮĻҲûж˵ֻЦŵͷ˵㻰Ұ𾴵ˣõƵĵطһҪ
ãҾͲˡ

ӵǺƽɸˮѧҽѧõЩڲͣˮϺ棬Щǲǹ䣬ˮйһʮ겻
˼ҽʦõҽʦȻ׵Ķ࣬καǰĺôΪѧϰǿҽ
ˮȻ֪Щ˵⣬ҽʦѡҪҽ£ûҽµҽʦˮǲһ㶫ģȻЩԽ˴ʹҲԽ
ˮΪ˴̳ǻҪһʱ䣬Ǻܳһʱ䣬ҲΪһϢأ߽Ϊҵһҡ
һ¹ȥˡ
µʱ䲻㳤˵̣ܶһȫ棬Ȼûкżҡ̼ҷͻѾȫϿõĵλ֮ǰϿʥҩĵλڵñʥҩ涼ǿܶ࣬Ȼû˸ǰһ
õҽºܺã˿Ժܱ˵ĿֻҪɱǮʵѵĿѣµʱѾǹ̳ǵʵ˴
岻ǰ￴Ǻܶ඼Ǿ֢ھݲǰǰҪƺ˰֢ʲôľ֢ǻ޾鷳ͷա
ﲻᣬֻ֪ҽǿҽֻ𾴡
úͺ֮ܶĹϵҲǢѾǿﵽһû˸ã˵ܲܣƺܶ˶Ӧ
ˮҲʲôظ֮ˣһʱĲǿߺܶΪڼǷϹɣԼҲ氲ȫıǣҲΪͲӴһңϻ³һңοҲΪһԼҲò˶þͻᱻ˴ˡ


2004 庮ҷ˺
ˮˣɵĽ󣬲꣬ҩһҲޱȵľͨˮõҩʵ˺ܶ࣬رָ
ˮָĵһЩǽ̸ԼһЩȽĴѨˣ
ִѨҪԼַҪҪܶѨ˲֪ģǰЩѨʵֻǺСһ֣ˮڲ֪ϻкܶవѨ
ԼͨмŮʲôģѧϰˮķչǴѨԼУɱ¾Уһе־ͿԽԼǿĶնɱ
һҪԼ֮ĸɽţܴﵽ˵еӷ
ͻǰȭﵽһ̶Ȳеģʵﵽĺܶ࣬ͨ׷ǴЩʦͨ簵
簵ֲܴڣȴˮĸоˮڽЩҲ
ǰˮѧϲҲϲһЩ⣬֮ܶණʦͨοдϹǿʲôģϸĽʲôġ
ˮҲ֪İͻǱǰЩﵽҪߵʵ̫ˡͬһ׶԰ĺʩչһʿʩչǲܱȵġ
ҲǻˣҲ𲽸ߡ
ЩˮڿǣʱЩҲֻһƤëʹǸƤëҲǲСģǵʵսһ̨ײֹ
ˮȥٺ￴ŮΪʱ䣬庮ҷӦÿҪˣȥﻹǺܷģҵ棬æտһá
Ů˵ʵˮ֪ѾغˣԵ˵ı򵥣ǾʱһҲ֡
Ȼû⣬ֱӴӦʵˮҲ֪ڻϺܰȫһڿ˲õģ塢ͨԼɵҲǶˡ

ֱһ嵽ǸˮȥãٺɣΪдʳĴڣû˸Ҵõ⣬οҲˮǴߣòǺԶӳҡ
ֻһԼǵĺӣˮãȴȫΪһˡ
طǻҵģˮ̳ǵżҵģһ룬òƶǱˡ͡ġ
ˮȻܿģˮ׵ܵܣ׵ܻܵףһĶˣ֮ڵһҲҽ
ˮʵһֱиĿ꣬ÿһؾͿһã׳úÿҽȴҪô̳Ҳ˳ɡ
ˮͣ˴Ŷʱ䣬뿪ˣ֪ﰲþͿԣߵʱȥһ˴ʳĻʹһ´ʳ滹ʽ˲ٺö˵Ŀڸˡ
ȻмʮԪˮǼһЩҲǲ꣬ȴǳʮ꣬ڣʵ̫ҪڵʵˣͻȴԼˣǺȺȲ裬ԵóԵģ¸ʲôġ
һʱȥˣˮļ֪պû鷢ȻǺ򣬵ʳ΢չһ֪ĴĶǿԵġ
ˮϵպʱȴǸܵһļ¶һεǣԼˮ˼һѸٵպȥ
ţˮ
һҶ迴ˮסˮ
ſڣӵſڣˮ֪庮ҷӡ
ôˣˮĵʵ輸Ҳڡ
õģõĽҽʦæ˵
ۣ
һӤ޵ʱ˳
ˮɿʵˣͲµģĻǻᵣġ
һһŮҽʦ˳߼˿ԽȥˣȻ˵һЩôչ庮ҷͺӵ뿪ˡ
ˮ֮ȥһȫŽȥġ
庮ҷûϢǿڴϿߵСһŮҲΧţʱˮĴ˽庮ҷˮһ㶣ˮɫ֪ŮûԼˡ
ˮˣŮ뿪ˣˮСһǸкȻճ۵ܾ£һ˫ںڵĴ۾ƺ˺棬˱£Ȼι庮ҷ
庮ҷʱĵĿˮкˡ
ˮǼҲЦˣֵġ
庮ҷһ죺Ͳ˵ġ
Ҹ㿴Сһʺܺá
ˮѾܵСһʣ庮ҷǾʣСһǸкǾʣľûˮĸңΪ庮ҷʵֲ
ˮ֪ǲǱԼĺã֪СһʾԵĲ
Ҹоһڴˡ
庮ҷŶҸ
˵һоû庮ҷˮƵɫôˣ
Īǰûڴ
庮ҷ֪ˣԼԭǳԴˣɵġ͡Ц˳ĵĵˮһۣĺӡ


2005 ⣬ħ
ˮǳԴҲĳԴףЦŵͷ֪
Сһְɣ
庮ҷر㣬Ҹ˵
ͽɣ
ˮСһ⣬ĳɾһǲϣи֮ġ
ģСһԺͽˡ
庮ҷĵ˵
ˮһλǺܼʱģԼҲû뵽һλôɵĸϡ
庮ҷ֮ˣʸǲóȻºӣˮСʱͻָ˺ܶ࣬ٱǰͨҪǿܶࡣ
Բźӣᵣ
ˮҪڴϢ졣
ŮҲˣһᶼˮ뿪СһѾ˯ˣ庮ҷҲϢˡ
ˮһҶ˵ԼڵλãǰһЩ˵˳
֪ˮڴ̳ǺˮСģˮԼһЩ뷨ǣüŮȥˮϧպҲܶ£ˮҲ޳ɽɢϾڵպǹһѾһɹˡ
뽨һսȫս񴫳ߣ裨ս񴫳ߣʲô㣿
ˮ˵
豾Ǻǵյϲ֮պҲպһ
Ҳ£ҺȥǱ߿
˵
ЦţʵȥҲУԺǻҪغϵģս񴫳ߣԼʹ
ˮ룺뿪Ҳ
ʲôĵģ軹նܶв̫ˣɲľ硣
Ц˵
ˮҲǣƾ輸Ůʵպڴ̳Ҳ㹻ĵλ
ǵһȰɣսҲŸո𲽣´˵ˣʵ޷ġ
ˮ뻹Ǹоβȥ
ǾԺɣսǿһЩ֮ڹȥ
ҲЦ˵û̫ĸо
ʱûʲô̫ı仯̨յʵܴһҶҲǺܿ죬Ҳܸϣ꣬Ͼʱ̫ˣŮĽˮ֪δľһżŮӰӡ

СգҾ뿪ˡ
ˮʱ̨յķ䡣
ɽŮˮлͻȥŬһϣܱ˹顣
ţСĵ㡣
ˮĳƺ̨Ѿʲôͺʲôɡ
һġ
Ҳġ
Ұ㣡
Ҳ㡣
̨µ˵
ˮЦſеߵŮˣ̲סڻûڼĶŮе޲ߣˮʵкܶ취ʹãֽ֣еգ̨յﲻǺܺãĿǺǿġ
ˮ̨֪ԼŮˣûҪļ򲻴
ʵҲͲһˣˮڿԺһӵǣ԰쵽ǰԼַһ뵽ˮЩȡ
ͷסǽ޵Ĵ꣬һѽᱧŴȥ
Ĵˮ̨µɵ̵ϣţ˫Ҳǲϵߣ绪ŮһĲ
·
ܵˮڽ·̨ץסˮ˵
ˮѾˣԿЦţˣһš
ˮ˵ץַԼǻȵ棬̨һ֣ܵȻˮ˵ҵģٸҵʱòãһŮ˵ģﲻǻн
еˮһ飬ʵˮǶڷϣ°ͶҪڰͦεɽˣŽ޵ıˮЦҳ¡
ˮ˵ɽһ㣬κζŵ㡣
̨΢΢۾û˵ˮ֪ĬϣĽ£һѩ׵ľ˵ϸѩȴй⻬񣬺ܱȴˮͣ˵ķ̺˵Ѫš
ˮ֣ǿеĳ˰ʱ

ˮֻһܲ뿪ˣ̳ﻹ벻ˣɲϣ£ֱʹ嵽˴سǣˮλö˴سǡ
سˮϴҲǰˣԼҪҪȥѩǿ֪Լڴ̳һܿĵġ
ˮƳǷȥҲûҪҪȥѩǣȥҪҪڤɹ
ߵسǺƳмʱ򿴵ԶŽֵһῴǱˮˮֱ뿪Ҫ뿪ʱȴͣΪ׷ɱԼһˡ
ħ
׳׼ҵħ
ˮû뵽̫˾ˣϾĺ嫣ȷʵһĪԵ֡


2006 飬Ϣ
ħ
ˮȵĿѾ˵ĺ׼ҵĲţ΢һܣˮҲǳѾħĹȻǿ󣬱ħĲʲô£ٶȿ죬Ҳ߻ħǳħģʹһˣȴǿԴֲħġħƺſǰˣžȵĿˮȻʹɫĺߣÿ
˵ħϽһӡ
ˮҲˣħʵǲԼûкԼ֣ǿÿ˲̫ԼԼģڻ˷ȴǿ˰ˡ
ˮﻹǺܿĵģѣѣһЩĵһԼԼĸǺܴģصʱֵǮģģо仰㹻Ļûҳϡ
ϸ磬ߣҴ뿪
ˮϽ
ħˮŵҧҧ˹
ˮʮˣǰʵҲ֪ôЩˡ
ˮħֱһ뿪һʧЩǰЩ˺ܷѽ⣬ֻǿ֪ñ뿪ġ
һǳУˮҲ֪Ǹǳأܲ³ͼϾ룬ӦǴǣ
Ǿ֣ÿ춼δ磬ܴ󣬶ÿҪС죬ܶʱȫڹΣĽȽأһǱĵط˺ܶࡣ
ˮ˺۵ħһ¥ʱħѾˮεĲˣϴһ֮֮ǰôǱˣϻһ˿ƣɫ
ϵܣ־һΡ
˵Ǻöûмˣ˵òûʲôı仯ΪͻͽһμħʱˮҲŰ벽龳磬κõħҲֻǸ龳硣
֪Ѿȥʮˡ
˵ı仯ǺܶģڷݵʱһЩϵʱϵֻˮһֱڱԺһֱûм档
ˮҲ֪ħһŮˣʱͻƵҲǸ˶֣֪ôˣˮЦʵΣ
ħһһŮˣǸŮ˶ħҲֻһøУǸֻǱȽǿƣħԾͺħˣҲһħ߻ħϡ
ǺˮħŷһС
ãڹϵܺãǸһﻹ겻ɢҴƴһҪءҺϵˡħƺǺܵġ
ô˵ЩһֱںͶԷģˮȵʵ
ǰһҪҰ򵹣ǼңȻܵܶ谭ħɬ˵
ˣҸŮ˻治ס
رһƯŮˣ֪ж˶ſɿڵĸûʵûʸӵһŮˣȻֻܻҲ顣
ɲǣ˾ۣܺһԸһҲȢ
ħε˵
˲٣ܱȵħ治࣬ˮҪ֪һʵôԺ٣٣һʵͻ仵鲻ˡ
ܶʱˮҲоԼʲôöΰģҲ˽ģˮѾû˻ͷ·ߵŮһģõκһ汲ոˣȴ޷һİ
ҪҰһԸǼҡˮ
ϵܣⲻãҪԼȻĳӦûҡħҡҡͷ
ˮһŮǰħĻ깴ˣһѾס˶ʮˣҺԪҪǰһˡ
ãҿԲ㣬ҵİʵæ֮ȴ̳ңԺøһ졣
ˮЦ˵
㣬æϹȥ

ˮħȹһʵһħʵӻǺֲܿģԭûͣӲҪԭ򣬾ϷʸߵĴڣͬȼҪʵ͵Ժúܶ࣬Ҳһ˸ӣ֪кܶ˵ء
ʣ츳ǳɳԡ
ˮصãʱûʲô仯һжȲķչţڵ£оõ֮
ȻҲһЩ˿߹ãҲһС˶õ⣬ˮҲ⣬ÿԼжһ˳ӣԼӲƽǾûԵ֡
˶ӹţоһٺҲ˶⣬һѾǳɹˡ
ˮ׼ȥһԼˣȻ֪鱨Ӧ֪ԼˣобҪԼȥҲԵԼӶԷ
ô죿
濴ˮǺܿĵġ
ôо㲻һ
ˮǺЦ
ôأãиϢҪҪ
Ц˵


2007 ڣƼ
иϢҪҪ
Ц˵
ȻҪ
ˮ֪˵ϢһмֵȻǲԼ˵ġ
֪֪̳ıһһĵطҪŨ٣ȴûȪʵһڣǧǰ˽ȥһӡĵطڲ֪ǵطÿһǧſһΣ쳣ŨܾǴġ
Ц˵
ڣ
ˮѾ³ˣһĴڣ˵ǱӡͨһλһҲܵǰҪ֪طмʲôڽֱӽȫֿ졣
ǰˮҲȥΣҩʥأԼõƽսԼ̨յŮװĵط
ˮ֪ЩطǱأڱˮȻҪȥʵϢ׼ȷ𣿡
׼ȷ֪ϢҲв֪ǽȥûλã
˵
λãҪʲôλã
ˮƣӦúǰȥĵطһ
طÿǧ꿪һΣ˵ڽȥ֮滹һڣڵֻʮ˽ȥһº˳ڶεʱǲܽȥģҲ˸ϽȥΪٽȥֻͣһǧꡣ
˵
ˮ֪˵һǶԵģֻǲ֪ϢǴģһģϢһ㶼Ǽﳤģǧ꣬ǧ괫еļ廹Ǻܶġ
ˮ֪һȥ˲٣Ͼǧ꿪һΣǱˮκˣһ㣬ܻбĵطǰˡ
Ҳ˵׼Բܴ⣬Ҫ˽һЩ
֪֪涼ʲôöȥȥЩ
ˮЦ˵
öȻܶ࣬ǿأݡҩԼĵرûлԵˣҲпһȥͻᱻ޸ˡ
ˮ֪沢˵ЦһҲЦΪ̫ʵˣ̫ˡ
ǵʱȥԡ
еԥ˵
ȥԼȥɣûΣ´δȥ
ˮЦ˵
´ΣǧˣʱǻŶǸ⡭
ʲôʱڿ
ˮ֪ȥЦʵ
ʱ֡
ã׼һ£ʱһϹȥ

ʱúܿ죬ˮѾڸھ绹һʱ䣬֮ǰѾȥһΣϤһµΣڸϹȥʱҲǴ´ࡣ
ʱ֣̫£ҲֻۣܿǰȴǴﲻЧոߣظ˵ҰҲǸԶ˵ʵǰһҲжϵʵοﶼߣԲۡ
һ޴ɽУںܶˣҲֻ˵ǺܶˣֲïܣȫڸǣһݵϢɫ棬ЩԵ鶯
ֻϡľҲ̫ߣʱȺҲʮʮ˾һеڵӺȾƣҲеĺȲ裬ǶǺУֻҪһעͻܵûһӹ֡
ˮҲģûѾǾǾıԵأؿһǿǰʱһΣա
ˮԼԱû⣬ʵǱǿĶ࣬ˮҲûֹ棬̳ʵ̫ܳˡ
ˮҲһƧĵطϢھڻһʱ䡣
ڱҿ̼ҡżңǼңˮ˱ڤɹʱûпͱڤѩӰ
ˮǱܶǳصĴ壬ÿǳصһĴڣкܶ಻ǱĴڣǲǾǱߵĻǺԵʱһҪСġ
濴Χ˵
ţһġ
ףǲǴɹ𣿡
澪ȵ˵
ˮ˳Ŀ⿴һˣʮˮܵǿҵϢһޱȱͣޱȡ
ˮûü˵ʲôɫһ¹ҲˣҲԣдɹڣȻ¹
ˮ˶һѪ·һˣ϶ˣһȴǱŮ˶ɶãΣ˫ˮĸоֻǲ֪ô
ǲǸоǺƯǹԭȷʵǿֻ˵¹Ĺ֮޷Ȣӣ֪ʲôԭ򡣡
濴ˮζ˵
ˮεЦЦ֪֪ԭˮо¹ĹӦúǰһֹһ̫ԴϹ䡣
ǲľˣ
ˮʵ
ţѾˡ

쿪ڿˡ
ǰĿˣ

һɧˮҲȴǺվΪΧ˶վǻֵһˮɵڣʲô
ף㿴СǲħСӣ
һˮУȻˮ˳ȥ


2008 λ֮ڤѩ
˵һˣӣ˵ָˮ
ͦģﶯֻǵٶ֡
һͬˣܳ죬дԣоһİ
òܿеţһ˿˵͡
ˮǺҪԸ㣿
Ц˵ƺһҲš
ˮʶԷͨԷ̸֪ԷӦǼҵˣˮǸܿˣӦҰ
һѺйڣǰ׷ɱѣ˳ִ뿪ˡ
ˮ˵һ¡
Ѿ˽ȥˣ
Ƚȥɣ׼λӣһʰСӺˣҲܲ
֮ǰǸٺЦ
ˮҲû˵ʲôȴѾǲҪǼҵүС
ˮҲȥɣ
Ц˵
ˮͷѾȥһˣﶼǺ֣ʵҲüڲҲǱƴģü
ˮУΧľɫͿǿ˵泩ĵβ࣬Ҳһ޴ɽȣֲֻïʢ
ˮȥڶɣڶ
ˮ滹˳ɽȣߵǰ汻Χŵλãһ޴ʯʯܴ󣬸ףӽǧףǰǲģҪ治֪˭˴ֱʵ̳ġ
˵ڶ֮ͨһۡŲٵĺöϧһֻܴдһԶãõ֮뿪
ǧ治УˮѾˣѵбƵģˮڵĽǿǿ
ʯ񱻳Ϊʮ̨ͨõıؾ֮·һѰ֮⣬ǽıеõʵҲɷ֣е˽ȥõıԼȴǲʹõġ
ָΧǸ̨˵
Ǹ̨ÿһгʮףһЩķģʥһֵѹɢһǿҵѹȸС
ڶվЩ̨֮ǰÿ̨϶һĬʱ䣬վֻҪ˰ʱ˾Ͳȥˣһֱռˣôʱ󲻻ᴫУ̭
ǰҲиأʤΪ˭սʤվ棬վ汻սһվ棬ûսĻԷ˵ûսôͲսˣǹ
Щ̨ӵλûʲôɢھܣΧԽԽ࣬Ͻ˼Ѿ
ͻȻһ˳һ̨ϣһ͵Ĵ󺺣˴Ÿչ꣬ϵϢһ㣬ܱȭɹױվһ̨λѸоĳͽ̡
ɹԶЩԳ֮أΪǿľĴڡ
󺺿Χûпϴŵ΢Цһ˵飬ûӦ
ɹվһ̨һѩ˳һ̨ϣͬΧ˵¹ס
ῡһѳվһ˵ͬûȥ¹Ǻʹɹͬȴڣ֮ǰų̂˭̨Ǹ߱¹ɹĻ򲻹̨ϵǸ¹ˣĿܾǱ¹նɱ
¹ҲѸһ̨
һ˳ڵ̨ϣˮԷʱҲһ㶣ڤѩ
һѪɫϵسȹ
ѩ׵·Ӥһ㴵ƣֱͦѩһͷ˳˿˫۾೺ǻȴһ䣬ɢһȻȴŹ˵Ϣ΢Щ΢΢ʱ˻ɢ޾ϣ˲ֱӡ
ļˮҲ˿ȣȳơǲӯӯһյСһɫ˿ߣյ쾡£һеĺɫ磬õ˵ʸ߹߲ʣ
ۣѩǵĵһˡ
ӦǱһˡ
ǱڤɹĹʵɲ⣬˵пֲʵ֧
Ů̫̫һ˳Բ

ˮڤɹûпӰˮɣͬʱҲڤѩ˸һЩøС
֪ǲΪڤѩǸˣʲôԭ򣬱ڤѩѾ˵ˣų̂ڤɹʵʵ㲻ģʹɹ¹һЩˣڱڤѩ˵ʱһ
Сѩ߼С
䣬һӰڱڤѩվ̨ϣһ欵Ůˣˣģħģޱȣֻߺͱڤѩ˺ܶࡣ
ˮ棬ȥŮˣǹģһжҪڤѩѷ˲ֹһŮҲǧһˡ


2009 Ǻӣˮ̨
ڤѩûʲôԵı仯ֱ˵룡
ˮ֪ŮǸʵģҲֻ֪ҪȥҲżģŮ˵ѾﵽһֲһԣöԷĹ
ŮҲϻֻ϶ֻצ
צһ߳ɫģȴѤǺܹŹ֣һ㰵ɫǺѤģצȴǺѤ˲֪ˮ֪֮
ȫצϵģŮ˵壬ǿֲ˺ҲǶ
ˮҲ֪ŮʲôˣһɲŮˣר˾ԪԼʵˣⲻ˫ȴǱ˫ЧĹ
˫ޱȽ²˫棬ֲɲȽһԼġ
Ů˶ˣӰܿ죬ƮٶȲҪģˮԷһ̵ʱıԼķλ
ڤѩһѩ׵ĳһ̶ˮһ㣬еһµʱɫΪ֮һ
񱩣
ˮҲǾȣû뵽ڤѩĹ񱩡
䣡
һ׼ȷĴŮ˵צϣֱӽԷˣҲǴˣŮɫеףӰһΣžŸӰűڤѩȥ
Ǻӣ
ڤѩվԭôжһն콣ӰһǺһֱ¡
䡭
ŮǹѪĵƳ̨ӣȻűڤѩлѩ顣
ڤѩҡҡͷû˵ʲô
Ů˵ţɺ涼˵һȺ˵ŮˣֻεĲ֪ЩŮǳ˲¹ͷġ
ڤѩɺûκκøУҲ볶κιϵԲ˵
֮ǰŮ˵ĳ֣һû˳ˣ֮ǰ˭˱ڤѩûоȫڤɹⱱҲŵϺŵģڲǵλӣûбҪôҵľԼʵ
ԱڤѩҲɵһλӡ
̨̼ȥһˣһε̨սǱɵһд̵֪̼֮Ҳģһû˭ȥˡ
̼Ҳһλӣһĸλûˡ
ˮ֪ľҪˣϾ֮ǰʵǺǿģûλȴǾͲһˣʵĶһѣͼˡ
ЩйأÿʵֻռһλӣȻͳʵƴˣƴܾ˺󣬹Ʊ΢СһʵԲһʵռλӣʵ㹻ѹˣռʮλӱҲûа취
ż̨ˣˮٴοǸżϴδĿ֮ǰûʲôʵҲûнձżʵȻպϣǣϺ̼ףҲǿһλӡ
ʣλˣҶܼ˵Ѿеżˡ
ˮ˵Ҫһλӣ
ʱˮʵ
òռλӣ
ˮЦ˵
ǲ֪ģõģȥǿ϶ռһλõģЩ˿ҲҶ
Ц˵
ãȥռλӰɣҵȵȣĻһλӵġ
ˮЦ˵
Ǻãȥռһλӡ
˵һֱӳʣµλеһ
ģô죿
ǰǾûóԵˣԺ󶼲ˡ
ʵˣ򲻹Ϊû˴㿴Щ֪ˣŮ˿ɲǺǵġ

ˮȵǣȻûоٶӦġ
ˮ͹ŮгԵջˣҪ֪˻Ϻܶ඼Թġ
ʣµĸλѾջˣ̨˶ˣЩɱľȻ˳ս£ⲻò˵ơ
ɵʱٲ˵ȥˡ
ܿλûˣλʣµ߳ʵв룬ֶǲǿģ˻ǲȥˣȥҲͽ
λӣˮֱһ̨ˮ֪Լûá
ˮλдһ¡
ȻСرһڴҲϾʱն̣ܻݵ˲Ǻܶ࣬ĺԶֻǶˮҽҲɣһɵĴڣǲÿġ
дһ£˵ҽ棬֪ǲġ
Ǹˣ˸оеḡˮ֪̺ȣһ°·һӣһַεĸоֻˮܲϲǿߣܸоЩһ̬
аɣ˸㣬о仰ҽʦɱ˲õҪСĵ㣬Ȼĺѿ
ˮЦ˵
ҽʦɱˣЦҽʦβ˴ܣвҵ
ӿĵ˵
ˮҲЦˣֲôˣô磬ҲãǸɣ߲ڣھǷһģˮокܶŮ˶˷ɶ˻ġ


2010 һѪô
ڶԷˮûио½ʵҲǽһ˵̰ãһپǿﵽ۷ģǿҩʦǸΣƵҩǿĻôʵǿԵģͨȻޱǿ󣬺ҩǸʵƾͲˡ
ҽʦҲǣһ˼ҽϣҽԺǿȻϾûôʱˣҽʦɱˣҲҪɱ˭
½ʱ˺ܶ࣬˺٣һ˼һţԸǿ
ҽī֪ôƺ
ҽˮ
ˮЦ˵
ְɣҲ۸㡣
īЦ˵
ˮīȻЦˣȷҪȳ֣
Ȼ
ˮŹֱһͻīǰīһӰһתҪ
ˮ֡
֣
ˮʹֵʱٴζˡ
īһݵıһʱһ׼ٴζʱһһûˮֱһֱȭĿڡ
ˮǺܴ󣬵ȴīоϢһƣǰһڣˮ缲һʩչˮҪҪҲûˡ
ڵīˮһɳһֱˮ̨ɣþòŻعˮǿһ
˵ҽʦɱ˲õûɱ㣬ôˬˬ
ˮǺЦ
ˬҵһμĴ򷨣лл顣
ī˵ӿʼûг֣ԼʵȻģⱱܰԼһֶܻûм
ֲ̫ˣʵֲ̫ˣҲ̫ˣûл֮ԷǸˣԼҪᡣ
֮ǰ̫죬ܶ˻ǿˣȴǿʲô˫һˮ󣬵ȴɵĽīܡ
Ĺ棬Ҳһ
ʱһŮ
ˮһ֪ɺأΪϢͬڤѩֵŮһģŮһЩøһЩȽǡΪԷû˼ƣ⻬Ů޶
룡
ŮɢһȻϢӰж֮䣬һɵɢһŮ˵Ԫ֮˺
º֣
Ķ
Ů˵˫ۻңȷʵ˵Уһ־˵ǶصرĿڽ֣衣
ͻȻŮֱһָˮĵһָܾǿҵԪ֮ϴŵ΢Ц˫۾ǹǡ
ˮҡҡͷ庮ҷʩչջŮ˲̫ˡ
Ů˵ĹҪǽں֮ϣǲ㹻ᶨ֪ҪŶԷҲûãΪʤŮ˵ǿ֮һ仰˵ģĵҲЩǲܿƵġ
ˮ۾峺Ů˺ˮһԾ֪Ҫ⣬Ѹٺˣˮ˵ģֱһִ
ͬʱһȡ
̤ĳֱʧЧʱ׷ȫʧ״̬ǻҲҪһʱ䣬ʱˮֱһԾ
֣
ˮ̫ɲСģֱӽŮ˦̨ӡ
սɺܼ򵥣޷⣬ôսģΪսʱϢ󣬿˵ǺСû˸ܵˮϢ·ûʹԪֻͰѶԷˡ
ˣˮɻܣҶԷ϶ˣΪˮ֮ǰ˵ˣǸҽʦԩ޳𲻻ˣǱҪȻǲ˵ġ
仰ǺģʱܶҲʼҽʦᣬֻǲ֪ҽôƺʱ䡣
СӣһϷˬ򡣡
һ档
Ұ
ҾǴ򣬽ҴǼѾռһλãҰȥҲȥ
ҰΧ˵
Ǽ֮ǰѾռһλӣɼǼҵʵǲģڿˮ棬Ұ̲סˣɲΪˮôǿϷʵкܶ˶ĸоֻǿ֪˵Ĳֻÿֲݡ
ôҲݣҪɣһѪĵȥô
ˮЦſͦεˡ
ʵҰˮ˲һɺѡ
ҪʵҲһΡ
Ұŵ˵
ˮԸӣεҡҡͷһɧˣҲ֣Ǹ˲ɧʵÿ˶ɧеһֱɧеżɧеĿŵɧеƵﰵɧ
ģһݵĺܺõġ
ˮֱ߹ȥҰһսҲ⣬ӰһӰһѳֱһɨһƬˮնȥ
Ǽҵ׷½
׷½һʩչ·¹ƥϸ괺磬ȴ͸ԵɱˣЩǿɱһĿڣʩչߵĲٿһֱɱУֱӻٵԷ


2011 ⱦӾ
ˮǿ壬ԼƱգ׵ĽЩɱ棬ҲˮʵȶԷǿйϵԷʵҪǱǿĶ࣬뵲סǽͺˡ
ˮֲָӰֱӽƬӰ֮Уôֱӵһָ˶ԷĿڡ
ҰֱӿѪɳȥһָѾڸ˵ȭƣƲָָɱǺǿģرڴѨʱˮľ֮ԪֱӴѨŰԷڲǼҵĽҪǿĶࡣ
ˮҰ֮ǰ̸ͺܲˬħĳˣԺǻվڶλϣȻҲûбҪˡ
ҰڴһƬհףﻹڻصˮǾ仰һѪɳȥôһֱǻĶߡ
һûˣ˭ˮôˡ
ܶ˶֪ǼҵǲϱϷġ
ˮûٿȥҰǿڤѩΪܵڤѩһֱڿЦŶԷ㣺ڤС㣬ã
ãɰ
ڤѩЦ˵
Ǻɡ
ǲԶ̨ϣˣкĿˮͱڤѩƺ뿴ʲôܾľ֮ƺᷢʲôһֱûʲô
ʱһ̨Ҳվһˣһ֮ˣˮʶڤѩǼˡ
ˮ֪ˣسǼңʱƺһССĹڡ
ʮ̨ѾˣûλӵȻʧ䣬ҲʲôʵΪᣬﶼˡ
һӺ̨ϵķĿʼ󷽹âʮʧˡ
ɢԵŶӿʼΧѰұҲкܶ౦ģѾǸˣڲֻʮƺܶⱲ붼Ҫˡ

ˮʶѵʱҲ˲䣬Ѿһڣ˵֮ǰǾ޴ʯڲʱʮվΧܿտڲǸɫ
ЩʯֻСҲ˵ĸҪ󣬴׸ߣ׿˸оȴǺܺأɢõķⱦˮվȴסˡ
еķⱦЩȻһеķⱦڲͣ׳ˮܼⱦͲ˵ˣֶǿĶ
Ϊˮ֪ôеķⱦ֪ô
ڵķⱦѸţٶˮоֲһһеıʧˣˮɣʮôٿ
ⱦĸֻܣԣԼѪ֮ȣôȻ˵ˣԿֿаֵȡ
ҲڷΧ߶Ϊڵŷ˶õһ
˶ϥ£ȴ
ˮȻҲ£ǵʲôЩⱦЩⱦѾˮ׬ˡ
һһеıˮգرǵģЩеıƺڲϵӣرһĸ֮࣬ˮǸҲûʲô𣬵ˮ˹ȥ
ˮҲ֪ΪʲôΪ˸һ㡣
ˮһⱦʱ򣬴ȴǶһ㶫
ӹӡӽӡӸӡ
ӹӡӡĿݵѣΣѣεʱĿʵйϵ
ӽӡӡĿһķ
ӸӡӡĿһĹ
ˮЦˣΧÿ϶Цݣõһĺôƺջ񶼲
ˮڸоǰ˵ӡû뵽ԼҲһӡƺǿѣζֻ֣ҪѣôһʱˮɱԷ
ķӽӡͷӸӡҲǺǿĶЩˮſֲ˵ˣҪ֪ˮڵķڷⱦѾرֲˡ
ʱ򻺻Ĵһţսˮڲ֪֮ǰĴԽǷյģڣֻ΢е㰵
ˮǳȥɣ
߹Ц˵
ã
ʱڤѩҲ˹Ц˵ܺΣգһɣ
ˮˣһһһһ˼һѵﻹᷢڶ
ðȳȥɣ
ˮЦźŮ˳ȥ
һɽأһɽȣȴǿԿԶһɽӣԶƺɭ֣квԭ
ˮķⱦ˲ıԼҲ֪Լʵжǿ֪ǿǿǷҲˣ֪Ŵﵽȴǳδ֪֮δ֪ΪѾΧ̫ࡣ
Ǻ¡
ˮûŮõʲôУŮҲû֮һɻ䣬ر׽ˣȻһǲ˵Щġ


2012 һˣ컯
վҲûߣʱˮҲˣʮֻˣϧˮ˺ǲˬ
ʮǴسǼ˺ƳǼҵˡ
ҺˮеڣرǼңˮǺںڸûаЩ˷С
λôƺױ
ɹױˮЦ
ˮա
ˮһ䡣
ˣ˵ʵҸоҲĶ֣һֵܶء
ױ΢Цȴϵ˵
¹ʱȴޱȵľȣˮֿױ˽ˮǺ˽ױֱӣʲôʲôĨǣαĺ˿
ױĻҲǺĿˮǿһȴʲôҲû
ǼҺǼҵ˻ˮ˵ʲôʱҲסˣ鷳Ҫ֪һҲ֡
ֿˣȻǰʲôΣҲ֪໥ҲӦõģֲܰȫķء
ˮЩʲôʱ仹ȥΧʲôö
⵹Ҳǣ֪ʲô
ױ˵ſΧ
һҲһһΧǾһѰʲôԶһˣΣҪæĿԷźţǿΣ
Ц˵
ã໥չˣҲΪʲôʲôִ
ױЦ˵˵꿴ˮ
Ҳоá
ˮЦ˵
ǺãǾһѰңȻ֮ۺϣǿΣ
ױ˵
˱ʾûٴ໥ʶһ֮ͽɢˣȻɢ໥һģˮ֪֮ǰһжǿʲôΣչƿסġ
ˮŮһñ˺ĽģϾڤѩⱱһڤɹʵûһ˵
ﻹǱԵشûʲôΣգһ뵽ǧ֮ͻΣˣʧҲǺ
ȥΧɣﾰɫ
΢ЦſΧ˵
ľɫȷʵʻʢ£ڶ࣬һ㣬ԣůģ˸оر⡣
߰ɣˣҲҵöȻǰˡ
ˮЦ˵Ȼгޡ
ޱǰĴҪһЩˮȥŮҪҪһ
һֱˮһߣڤѩԥһҲˮһߡ
޵ıʵǺܿǿ˲ģ˶Ϊǿˣֻͨ˾޷ˡ
һ󵭵㴫ˮУֲͬζȴһˡ
ڤѩˮߵʱеãԼΪʲôҪߣһ˵ϢеĻţǴûй飬Ҳǲϲġ
޻ѰޣˮһѰҶ
һһ겻ҩݣ
һʼŮûиоʲô޴ǲϵķһЩĶҩϡӱȽ϶࣬ⶼҩĲϣҲ֪ļһǸѰޡ
Ҫ֪Ѱ޵߻Ҫġ
һȥˣûзʲô֮ҩݵ˲٣ˮûҪ˵ûУˮ˵ԼǸҩʦҪЩҩݾˡ
ҩʦ
ڤѩʵ
涼ܸܵˮʵֲ֮ܿǰ˵ԼҽʦˣҩʦԺ˾ȡ
ҽʦҩʦкܴϵ˵ͬķ֧ҽʦβˣҩʦƵҩϵһ
ҩʦҽʦ棬ƺǿΪҽʦ𲽱ȽϵͣͨкܶҽʦҩʦͬһҪ죬֮֮𣬿Ƶҩ
ȻǺǿҩʦûмǸҩʦҸǿġ
ˮƨ˵
Ҳţҩʦǲôƨġ
ڤѩЦ˵
ǲš
ˮ΢Ц˵
Źͷˡ
ڤѩһദҲˣԿ˴ŵЦҲǺܿĵġ
ҪóƵĵҩǿҩʦǲʵ
ҲЦ˵
ðɣô˵Ҳˣǵ컯Ҳǲԡ
ˮЦóŻԵ
ǻԵܵõʲôôͿǵĻԵˣƵġ
ˮҲһЩԵЩÿֻʹһΣҲš
ⵤҩ֣ܳҲ֪ǲ˵ô档
ڤѩŻԵ΢Ц˵
ܶͨҩҲǺܺõģõĵҩҲкܶ಻йֻǺѿҩĺûǿҩʦʲô츳ˡ
ɫˣһطӪϢһɽ˵ֻɽһʯҡ
ŮҲʲôͽԵȥ
ʱŮǲ˼ĿˮǵʵѾͻʮûͻƵأغڻкܳһʵҪߡ
Ůغڣʵ඼һûеõʵƽһصĻԵǶˡ


2013 ж
Ů֪ôˮǿߣҽʦҩʦ滹֪ܺóԵģ׻ʲôŮǺܺ棬һôԾͨôࡣ
ʱŮ֮ǰˮ˵ûǿҩʦǾ仰оƺģڤѩˣ֮ǰԼ˵ƨ
ôңҿӵġ
ˮ˫ֻסԼļ
ȥɣ
һŮǺĬ
ˮȥŪԵġ
Ц˵
ˮҡҡͷˣʱŪǳԵġ
ˮ˵óλйư裬˺ɰ궼ʯģȻóɾ㣬ʲôģԼڹ꣬㻹һڹ
ֻζѾŮˣ֪ԼóԵģЩҲ˵ͱڤѩùϵҲõչˣʵʲôĻǷȱ
ΧһԵʱŮҲ˵ŮԵĺܿ죬ôţŮǳ³Ҳǿɰо仰˵ģŮүǺˬŮүŮӡ
ŮһֱԲȥʱͣϻһЩе㲻ᣬǳԲȥˡ
̫óˣˮұˡ
ڤѩеԹĿˮ˵
ˮһŮˣ㲻Ҫһ󲻿ԵŮˣǰĻŮ񼶱ģŮԹ񣬷·Լոһ
»ʳ𣿡
ˮЦˡ
ˣܸˣԺô죬ұ
ڤѩԹˡ
ˮƲĿ⣬ٿԼͷˡ
Ȱµˮ߸һЩֻһЩˮһʱ֮ٳԶоǺܺóԵģȽԵЧһҲ
ˮ˵ģǰҲԣ첻Էֻˮʵٳһ㷹ˣʱоرĺóԡ
Ҳһ£ҪҳԹ
ڤѩһת˵
ˮ˼Ϻܴ࣬仰ӿ죬ʲôҪҳԸҡ
ڤѩȻ֪˯뷨Ȼһᱬġ
浹΢Цû˵ʲô
ڤѩ棺ã񲻾ȣѵԺ𣿡
ǺǣҲģˮҲϣҲôóԵġ
ǺЦ
ˮˣŮҲʱ򣬾Ȼˮ綼ˣҪ֪ŮҲǸĵģĳһַϣܶʱ°ģлһԸеġ
ڤѩһˣˮ㲻ƫİô˵ҲѰɡ
ˮЦ˵ҵˡ
ιιιҪ˵˭ˡ
һɫһˮ˵
ٲ˵һñڤѩΪˮ֮һֹϵġ
˼˵ǽˣǺߣ뵽ˡ
ˮЦ˵
֪˰һţСˡ
ڤѩˮֿ棬Ҳ˵ˮЦˣǳȥʱһЩЩһһЩġ
±ڤѩЦˡ
ǰʳΪ죬ʵﶼǣȻ߲ÿ춼ҪԷȴǲܰʳܶ߶һͣҲһܣһطʳܶ׷ʳһЩ׷ȥŮһģʳɫҪ£ǰ֤߱
֪Ѿȥˡ
мÿ˻ϣмҸĶջ񲻴ֻһһˣȴǵõôһѱһֻޣѩޡ
еޣʵ𣬾岻꣬ʩչڵҲ硣
õѩ޵Ǽҵ
꺺Ǽҵļ֮ѱֻޣΪһִ˵еѱɷһҲ׬˸ӯһѩ㹻ˡ
ѩٶʲô˦Ѱ̫ˣϵǿʹñ𱬣ܴоͨҲǺǿʵսûе֣һЩʵǿغڶĶ֡
ѩ޵ʮףңѩףֻĸ޴Ľɫģðڵ棬ͷнǣβߣ׳ޱȣƺֻβ;Ͳཫס
ڤѩ濴ֻѩ޵ʱҲеĽϾѱģ޵Ժܸߣ뿿ѱѣԸŷǷ
⼸ˮŮõĻҩʲôģҲõٵĿʯ֮࣬Ҳɱ˼ֻǿޣûеõʲô̫õĶ
㿴ǰһɽ
ڤѩָǰ档
ɽ٣һʼǸʯҲɽȷеǵһμɽҲΪʲôڤѩе㼤Ϳġ
ߣȥСĵ㣬ѾΣ򡣡
ˮһ£ͷǰȥ
ţ޵Ϣ
ˮͣɽڣܵϢǴǶڴġ


2014 ǿޣӾѧ
ˮǰĶڣܵһ޵ϢڱƽϢǿңͣڵˮǺܵģоԼӦܶԸˡ
ϾڲܶΣնδ֪ġ

һ˳һӰڶڣˮһʱҲһһֻޣӲ󣬴žͱ޴ϲһȴǱ޴׳ˡ
ǻɫģ޴ͷ­ʨӣеͷȴнǣӿܿɰ
ɢǿҵһᣬˮԽԽоⶫǰһ˵еĴڣ֮ޣ롣
ǰ˰뵱ޡԳ裬Գ롣Ǽޣ̫ƽ١֮˵ͷۡ
ǻϵޣ˵е룬ȻǰһǲˮͲ֪ˣе㼤ģϾ˶ԼеԼ޺ġ
֮ޣӣ͸˵˵
һӲ󣬵ȴɢޱǿϢˮȻȷԿԿ϶һʵڤѩʵҪߺܶ࣬ʵ¶ʮ
ʵܴܲﵽز֪ʵԲŮڿԶԿģϾһͬʵǴ򲻹޵ġ
ֻ޾ĶˮˮҲ˵ҲһֻޣӦûûȫ꣬ûȫ꣬ʵôǿ
⵽ʲôڣƾǰЩ츳Ҳǿٰɣ
ˮͻȻѱֻޡ
ѱһǿӲѱһǵõ޵ĵѻϦദһѱޣûгǮѱҪ׵Ķ࣬Ȼ׵Ļһѻַʽ
رޣԽǳԽѱ
ˮǰ֪ԼڵķֵܲܵסԷĹоӦÿԣˮеҩǳʥ޵
ˮԼġ
ǰʥ޵Ƴ߼ʥ޵ڵڵĳʥ޵ЧȻһһǿʥ޵һֱûʹù
ʥ޵ѱ޵ĵҩ
ްҺֻޡ
Ŀֻޡ
ҲҪ
ڤѩֻޣҲǳ
ˮȻõȲ˵ûаѱҲܰⶫˣԼҲҪĿǰһֻóοԼŮûʲô̫ĹϵԼŮˮԥ͸ǡ
Ȼ뷨ҪŮ˱ԼŮˣǲϲŮˣҲǱڤѩ治иͷŮܶ࣬ԼܼһҪһҪĹ𣬺οԼŮ˺ܶˣܸоŮ˵еǲƽ

ˮٴǰʱֱֻӷ˹ſˮһػ档
һؽεĻ棬ķ·һǺܴ󣬵ȴɢűԪأˮɫأ̧־ǻӭǵ档
䡭
ˮеǱĺˡ
ԼĻжԷҪǶԷ߳ɵĻ濹ԣһҪԿˮгޡ

һֱֻޱɵȫʵȻ֮Ѫˮ˫ֽӡӡ
һķӡֱӳˮϡ
ϵĽɫӡɢׯصϢˮǸо𺳣ǷϾѧʩչӡ֮оůģ·һһ˵İȫС
ŮҲһ㶣ǿСˣ׻ʲô֮ǰ̨Ĵ֮Ѿ˺ܶˣϢ¶ܽ˴ܣڵѧʲô
ֻһû˵ˮ棬ˮҲ̧־ǻֱӳĻ档
ֻҪյĻ涼ģ㲻ˮֵ֮һǴϣһһůĸоƺûʲô˺
߳ɵĻգټڵĽӡԼͿֲķȻˮˡ

ԼĻƺûʲô˺ֻ޷ŭĴһȻһһˮˮӦԷĹѾϡ
죬̫ˣˮޱȣҪٶȣǾͺˣɱ
ԣ
ˮֱӱײˣˮоԼûˣҲûгʲô⣬˿ҪܶԸֻˡ
ֻ޲ǿˮķ̫ǿˣֻǻϵǱˮȫˣˮоԼƵĴڲ٣Ͼԭ
ˮû׷ͻ֮أȻֻ޵ٶҲҪۿˡ
Ӹӡ
ˮٴνӡһӲӵķӡֱӴϣˮǾȻ޴һġ
ˮǾȣΪӸӡֻǼٶԷĹû뵽ʵͶԷôʱȻԽԷˣ⵹һ޴ľϲǲֵ


2015 ջѱǿ

ֻ޷ŭˣҲˣٴˮˮֱ˫ֽӡһӡׯϵĴ
ԣ
ˮĵķֻ޾Ȼԭزˣ˫Ŀƺɵһʱֱ˹ȥצӺݺݵץ˶Էϡ
һ̶Ľһ
ˮǣ޷צӾȻûлԷƤ
Ҫ֪ǿľͷϵǼǺݣξצӣˮ֮ǰɱֻޣצӣû뵽צֻֻһǳǳӡۣѪû
ǿķ
ˮоԽԽϲһˡʵ֮ǰˮֻѣεʱ޵ļֱƶԷĺֱӴ̽Է۾УֱӿԽս
ˮԿ϶ֵļǴֻûκ⡣
ˮӾѧֺܲܺãǰֻƺҲǸŭˣӰһֱӳǰֱһػ
ԣ
޷·𱻴ȥڵһûκλıˡ
ˮҲΣգ޵ĿԱǰֻ˿
׷
֮
ֻһûƢˣʵһ뻹ࣨ޶ѹƣ֮ϷӸӡڵʵӦñŮˣҪǿֲٶûˡ
Ůڶ֪ôݣǰֻޣڵʵ˴ĵ˶٣Լˣоֻܺ޵
֪ôԺҰɡ
ˮЦ˵

ֻ޺ܷŭˮǿѹƶԷˣ֣Ӿѧɽгˣ˷ⱦˮڵľɽѾﵽʮһЩ
ϾɽĶֱܻӽֻײˣˮ־ɽҲ˲Է
ˮǿľɽŮѾľˣ֪ʵ֮ǰ̨սʱгһܰѶҳ̨ӡ
ˮɾóһϹóʣµһ㡣
ҲʵӣܳĺģԺ󻹻ҸƯŮˣŶŮޡ
ˮʼջ
ŮѾеˣԭҲôգҲƭ
ŮȴҲƭû¡
ûһˮͻջһΣȻˮٴֻޣˮѾ㣬зȣˮѾֻµĹӣѾоϷ
ѱҪڶԷĸԸЧúܶ࣬öԷĸԸĳ³ʥ޵ǿƳԵҪúܶ࣬ϵͻ⡣
ҲˮΪʲôôĲ䷳ջԷ
ˮֶһ㣬ֻһ£ȻڴĿˮҲˡ
ˮ֪ûг޾缸ĺͯһлֻбܵǵ㣬ֻҪҵԷ㣬ջǺ׵ġ
ôңģҲˣҲҶ֣㲻ⱾģûжãҰ꣬ʱ㻹ǿɵġ
ЩóԵģԶж١
ҿʵһ

ŮȵĿֻ޳ˮιĵҩȻͿֻȵˮ߻εŮޱȵĽ
ˮֱ޳ϹԼ𵤡屶ҩֻ޺ֲܿʺǿҲˮһԸҩʵ
ҪҲڲˣʱΣգֻʵҲǰȫ֣ϾˮԼһ˹˲
ֻ޷޴ĺҲ֮һʱˮЦˣһڵʵˮоˣӦʮҡ
ˮҲֻ֪ʲôˣʣˮԺ󶼽С衣
ڵСα޴˲٣ȷ˵λֻСģ֮ǰֻѩޣˮС˺ܶ౶ˮ֪СһצӿǴһ
ǻûȥɽ￴أ
ˮƺɽˡ
ôһ˵ŮҲĿûʲôΣϢͻƵСƺܿ꣬ѾܳȥˣˮһͿˮû￪ģСһȥŰһˡ
ɽСҲǺܴһػصɽ˶лҳƺͦɾģΧǱȹ⻬Ӧòҳʱһ֧š
ˮоûӣɽҲݣЩƺװƷ
Ӻܴ֣ˮֱٶʮס
ƺûʲô
һ֮˵
ĪСסĵط
Ӧ˹Ūġ
ڤѩΧ˵
ˮҲǣҪŪôһɽһסˣʲôסأС裬СǸʲôϵ
ţǰиˡ
ˮ˵
ŮһȻǿ󣬵ϾǸŮˣͻȻи˻е㺦µġ
Ͳôˣһս׵ĹվֱվһѾ޴ĸͷ


2016 һŲرͼ
һѹɢ˻ޡ
ͻȻˮһϢ֡
ս
һս񶴸ǿսĶ˵ǿսĹսһ䣬ǶˣˮоҪȥһεָˮǰ
ˮȥĽŲأƺһε赲
һĽӡˮߵսߵʱӰȴǻɢˣֻʣһ׺һѾ޸ЩͷѾ˷ĩ
Ҳʧˡ
Ů˹ˮߵǸڣںܼ򵥣һӣһŴһӣϷһƤֽˮּ
ҽз׿иƺǿս񡭡
ˮһҲûж٣˵ˣսʱ̫̫ﲻñ˰㣬û˵˵ûãûͽܣһź㲻Ӣţʱ򻹺ᣬӶûȢ
ϣս׺ս˼̳УϣԵܼ̳УԵ˿԰ҵһλϸļ̳ˡ
иУǰԪԪмɣǼ̳սĴ߲ҪǾԪȻ롣
һУǰ޷̳ҵ²ôĶǸĴлϣܰҵһܼ̳ҵ²֮ˡ
ܼ̳ҵĴУôҲȻġ
ЩҲûʲôˣˮӴҵУһдžԪһʲôҲûд
ȳȥɣ
ˮЦ˳·׺սʱս似ǰѸУֻм̳˿սĴ֮ս似
ˮǸԪкսǰŮʺϼ̳пսĴУˮ
ˮս֮ףȻԷϣϾĻ飬԰ﵽˡ
Ҫ֪̳пսĴлǺ޵ģϾս񴫳ߣҪ츳ʺܸߵģˮкʵѡ⣬ˡ
ǿʲôɣ뿴
˵
ãǾͿʲô
ˮ˵ߴˡ
ֻһۣˮ֪ʲôˣһƤֽ
رͼһŲرͼˮŵСѾܾûмرͼˣˮǰõŲرͼÿһŶǴˮ޴ĺô
һŲرͼҶסˣԺԺȥѰңǿ˭֪Σ
ˮرͼ̯ϡ
һѩ׵ɽ壬ΧֲҲѩɫģӦѩһرѩ״һ䵶
ֻɽѩڶѩʱɽǵ͵ġ
˵
ǿΣ⵶ɽߣм䣬θһ󷨡
ڤѩ˵
ˮЦˣȷʵǸ󷨣ֱڤѩŮ˹۲ϸ
ʱСˣˮĵĶһЩԵģȻҾϢһ֮ۺϡ
ĳԵŮ׼ģˮıˮҲѷɫʲôΪвϵԭƺԸ
ˮ棬ŮСŶڡ
ҹʱһ޺ҽžǴ˵Լźš
Σգֻǲ֪ǴɹǼ˻¹ǼˣЩˣˮʵûʲô̫ĺøС
˵ˮױҪ׵ĸоһЩ¹Щ˶ˣһ᲻Ͼһû˵ˣҲ䡣
ʱŮȴ˳ˮ˳Ůȥ
Ůͷ
Ȼ˵ˣ˳ˣȻҪȥġ
ʰһ֮γС֮ǰķȥٶޱȣСٶȱˮ޶죬ʵ֮Ĳࡣ
ˮֻ֪޷޺ޣޡʵҲޡ
ˮڤʲôˮ֪㲻ޣӦҲǰɣϾܾǰѱоޣֻҲŵȣ֮ĲֱصĲࡣ
뵽ЩҲͲˣСǸѪͳޣΪûгѾôǿˣѪͳǸߵѪͳ
ˮЩ޶Ǵӵ͵һɳģڵڤҲֻһֻʵҵĻ
뵽ЩˮоǺгɾ͸еģ翴Լĺһ㳤һ
ܿ͵ˣһֻޣκܴ쳤аףȴȣɢֳζж
ȵǴɹױߵѾһˣһҲжˣױҲжˣõ˵Ĳ̫ء
Сһ֣ǴһȻһСȻתͷܣ˲֪ʲôˮŮ֪
ŮС۹ĽһֻޣԺˡ


2017 лҩܽٵ
ˮûС׷Ǹһ̫ˣҲûбҪǰʾСǿ
ɹһһױҲˣڿǸֲļһˣ˿æˮлֵܣлǷ顣
ֿˣҲûʲôԼˡ
ˮЦ˵
ױɵӣֻһǲԼܵģȻ֪Ϊʲôˣ֪һˮйأˮΪףŮܹԣһ˵ĸоڤѩŮҲԣ֪û˯һ𣬲֪ˮԵڤѩûУڴϻ᲻ܹԣǺܿҰ
˿ƯŮˣرǺƯŮˣ˵ĻһĽǸ˵޸ȻƯŮ˺Ǹһʲô龰
ױǸѾȥĶѣǺѹģһӽͬ˵һЩ˸еĻˮ֪ױʵûжô˸УϾ֮ǰҲûʲô飬ֻʱӶѡ
ʣµһˡ
ֵܣҽʦ֪ܲܰ
ױƺͻȻ뵽һ
ױоһʼѺûһֵһ˻κԼߵһԱ
ˮͷ˵ĺأеѾѣϵ˿ҲʧѪܶ࣬Σưʱ֮ͻ
ˮٶȺܿ죬еۻҵĸоһ֮ˮ룬ǽһŵҩǸ˳ȥ
ڸϢɣӦþͲˡ
ˮѾȶǸˣǵˣұǼҶǲµļ壬ҲһǿĴڡһʮλһ˵ʵǺܲġ
ʱҶ֮ǰҪʧûˣȴָðŮڶǺܾȣ˭ҲûˮҽȴǱ𺳵ˡ
Ǹоƾκ˹ҲǸˣܱסһǺܾȣͻָƺ̫˲ţĿǰƺѾɶ࣬ҲǸоһá
ױоԼһߵһ̫ˣΣҲҪ˸ùϵ뵽¹Ҳûг֣ǰΪǵ˻
ΧܿտˮҲϢˣͽɾˡ
ŮֻһСˮŮ֮
СڣˮһҲġ
ã֪֪ˮҽôǿ󣿡
ڤѩĿ档
治֪ҶӡΪĶܺóԡ
ǺЦ
ʱˮżԸоܴ򣬵ΪˮԴֱλӵʱŸоƺǿ˵ԼһҩʦԼͱڤѩʵһȻʵˣŸоԼܲ˵Ķ֡
ںСսʱŮ֪Ҳ˶֣Сˡ
ˮɾвͣرǷӾѧӡⱦϵԼӣеĻǿˣǲСҲ˺壬оԼǷӽա
ǿսµսŵһ𣬵Ȼȥ֮һս񴫳֣߳ԼҪ׳ԼսҪѰս񴫳ߡ
ˮ߳ױǸҲˣ˿еҲָһ룬ˮϽӶл֮
⣬Ǹҽʦ֮Ͳùϡ
ˮڰ֡
ûйϣûͼԷʲôġ
֪ʲôҺȴǺҪҲ֪ôܶණҸоҲϣеıҪö֪࣬ҽи洫ҩǲƵģҲûãҪ
˵꽫һƾɵƤֽݸˮܹҲܸмм
ˮüҲûоܾ˵ģҪǱĶҲˣȻҩǾͿԼյ㶫ҲΪ˵ǸƵҩԾԬսҩá
ˮҩʱҲһ㶣ΪƤֽʸУԲһƤܸоôƤҩ˵ҩһǿ
ҩ֣ܽٵ
Ƕܽġ
һЩҩݲϣмģǺ󣬻мûмģ磬Ʋݣб֦׵
ЧҲûС
ˮüҲ˼ȻҵĴģʵ˵ûʲôֵлƺԵ̫Ǹˡ
ⶫȻȫãҾͲˡ
ˮЦ˵
ɿܶҾͿˣӦõġ
ˮ˵˵ļҩҶû˵Ʋݣб֦Լ׵֪ʲôط𣿡
Ʋҵ֪ڱѾľˣһƹȣյĵطкƲݣһҪСġ


2018 Ʋݡб֦׵
ˮ֪˺Ʋݵ仹ǺܿĵģֻҪеطУʣµҲͲ֪ˣˮһžһط۵塣
׵ﳣ궼кٺľһЩ׵ϴеĻһ˵ЩһľµĹӾ׵
׵ľ׵ûг֮ǰаٷ־ʮŵĿܱ׵飬ܸ㵽׵ĿԺСҲǺΣյĵط׵Ҳޱȵľ޴
ˮϢǺܸ˵ģϾϢܱûϢã֪ȥôңΣգ׵磬ˮа취
ǾͲˣ뷵ȥڸ
ױˮ˵
ҲãҲǰģܾӦû⣬Ǵȥǰ濴һǾֿɡ
ˮЦ˵

ױ뿪ˣˮŮҲ׼Ÿǰ
ˮ˵¹ôˣЩα˵ŵĻһԿźţҲӦøϵ˰ɡ
Ц˵
ʵ˼Ҳûе£֮ǰҲǿĸ˸оȥǿο¹ʹɹ֮䲢ͣźţǴɹǶġ
ڤѩƺ뵽
ˮʵҲ뵽ˣо¹ǼҺǼң˺пܱһ
ˣǲ˵ˣ·ɣǰҪޡ
ˮ֪仰źܴջԡ
ȻŮһͿĵЦˣǽ˵ˮ磬ʵģһҪץ
ˮųĸ߰棬ˮеԽԽȻˣˮȻᵱ棬ȻҲΪʲôôˣʵ֮䣬֮һСЦڶˮ
ڤѩҲÿʱֻ΢Цſˮ
ãҪǰץˣôҡ
ˮЦ˵
ˮҪô𰡣
ǺЦ
ûû˰ɣҪˡ
ڤѩѵõĿһЦ
Ǻǣѩ㣬ҿ۽ǵǲ˼˼˵ҪҸˮ˵˵ôƯǸ˶ϲġ˵ǲˮ
תˮ
ǡǡǣˮĿ棬Ů˺еħʣһׯջ߰Ķħ
ЦˣڤѩһߣȻĶ֡
ˮԲ
硣
С˵
ˮӣ濪ĵķĵЦ
Ѿ˸ҪС裬ڶ֪ҪսˣǿҪյ
ˮҲ֪ԼڵʵҲǲֱ˵ʵĻ治ԼʵսϵʵҪǿܶ࣬ϾԼľɽĴڣԼԪҲǺǿرǷ
ϵԼڵķӾѧԼʵսܿ£һθǵõС裬һﲻǿ󣬹£ڱС㹻ˡ
ҩݲ֮ǰĺöˡ
ˮһֱռ
Ǳɽһ޴ıɽϡĿһЩЩѾ˺ܶˡ

ûժ䣬ʹһĺ
ܺ
ˮܺ쳹ûС裬ˮҲᵣģϾһˣŮʵȻҲǿ󣬵е㲻

һĺˣƺһֻ
ˮɫˣˣˮѾǾ޴ļһʮףʮױ֮İ׿ҪǸͷֻ˵ĻԱ׳֮໹Ҫء
ʵʮֻСˣϾ֮ǰˮǼǧ׳ޣǧ׳һ㶼Լ࣬Ĳô״ﵽǧ׳ġ
ħܡ
ˮѾ֪һϢһʵڵŮҪǿһ㣬ƤһǿóϵԪԼǿ幥
Ҫľбԣ֮һļù㹻ˣҪ⼸̫ˣƽιоһι
⹥һļʱԷͶԷٶȷӦٶԼٶȣкСļʽԷȫ
ܾǱħܳΪħֵһԭɡ
ֻС裬ˮЩħܣŮ˵ϲϲҪϲ͸ֻҲܰ
ˮ֮ǰѾѱħܵʵʲôĶ˵һˣŮ۶ϣǸоһС趼̫ѷɫˣңħܿܿɰ磬䡣
ϲ̫ϲˡ
Ѹٵĵס
Ҳϲ
ڤѩе㲻˼˵


2019 ѱħС
ãȻǶϲܣҾ;ÿץһֻ
ˮٺЦ
ˮ仰ûʲô󣬵⻰ܴʲôǼȻϲܡ
ᣡ

ˮЦЦʹСűħܳȥѱԷҪѶԷ£ûһƢԣԸ˳ˣѱʱ׺ܶ࣬ʱͲôˡ

ƢܾģСȻǣƺûкˣ˵ɽǵĵ̣СЩ˶ģԲġ
һ޺һֻħſС³һһĶ
СǻԣħǱԣˡ
ԭǱħܿС裬Сʵǿ˭˭˵пˮˮ𣬱ͬˮ𣬵ˮнͲͬˡ
һˮһͰˮԽ¯һˮһˮǾԲܵģڵСͱħ֮һǻ¯һֻһˮһˮ
ڵСˮĵҩʲôİ³ħܵʵܶࡣ
ԣ
СһֱӽǱյͷһֻħܷСȥ
ԡ
޴ıϵĴǿǿĴڣʵеˮһ˷ӾѧϵʩչԺܿ죬СͰЩһˡ
ҲѪܵģħܵӺܲңվѣϵİ޴˫Ҳ¶˺µ
ˮóųʥ޵ݸŮ
ι˭ɱ
ˮǺЦ֪Щܿ˻Ͼʵǡ
Ůֻǿһ㣬ĵİˮĳʥ޵ιǳ¡
ⵤҩǲģѸ˫֮ԼʵŮľڱħܵӿһӡǣһ˲õӿԼһһⳬʥ޵ͲΥ˵˼Υͻɱһ޵ʹԾ˵ʹ¡
ѱ֮ˮֻħָܻƣֱӺ׵İֻħʵڶжʮʵʵιоһʮʵֲСҲѷɫˣСȶģоǿһС軹ûг꣬ħȴǳġ
Ůõ˱ħޱȵĿģʱĵñħչԼڵıħܿǱ֮ǰʵ˺ܶ࣬ˮĵҩйӵЧ֮ǰǿˡ
Ҳ֪ħܵʵҪǿĶ࣬ǵʵħǰܶ
һҲ׬ˣ֪ˮģûˮ帣ѱģܵõʲôô֪Σգεõħ޷ýǮʲôġ
ˮʣֻ˵ıħܣֺʵҲôϵģ֮ǰҲܶʵǿޣǸˣǲ۽ˮ˱ˡ
ˮóƣˮԼƵŻŵ޵ģ޿ԽУԷһ꣬һԷųЩǿԼŽȥ
ͿռǿԷûŵĶռܣŵĶ޷Žռġ
ֻħܣˮ͸ʵˡ
ҲʺѱͲʺϵģħǿ󣬶ѱҲˮΪʲôŮϲϲħܵԭ
һҲ֮УʲôҲûҲǲˡ
ˮʵѱޣˮС裬ħܸо̫ҪˣرѱСǿޣѱֻޣҲԸ˷Ѳ޵
汱ڤѩһֻħܾˣǻ޷ѱˣóʥ޵Ҳûãкѹʶˡ
ˮȻԶһЩϾѱʦҲҵѱޣϾѱףѣϴεСȻ͸գǹʶǱռţѱһֻȫµޡ
ˮ޲ˣˣ֮ǹѱµޡ
ˮǲɱԼޣʵĸϡڣʵǸϣˮԵȣǻǿˮģЩЩ޵ĳɳǺܿġ
ˮС裬ŮĵĳǵıħܣˮĳˣħܱСĸӴˡ
ˮ֣СĽ³ĴѪĻ棬С߶Ⱥͱħܲ࣬һˮҲˡ
Сˮ֣޺ͷݲͬʵǿɣ޵ķٶȲǱܵٶȣԼһЩ⡣
Сƺ壬ֱӷУǽµĻ棬ΪСһ
ƣеٶıսʹãġ
ˮ֪ˣԭ֮ǰˮϹųֵ֮ǰûеģ֮ǰСٶˮ֪ˣСʲôٶȣ


2020 µĴ
С֮ˮǱһ£˵Сܶܶʵս˾ٶȵСǹֲĺܣرĻ棬Ҫ֪˿ɲˮΪԭ򣬿Ե߳ɵĻ˺
СԺˮˣ䲻˵СҲͻأҪٶȿ죬Ԫ
˼ǰֻޣڵĵ̸ˣˮžǰһξҲΣգʵˮĸǷȥʿɶֹõĽοһεõѾ㹻ˡ
ɽϵĺܶҩݲɼһѩ֥ȡ
Ůûʲôо˱ѪħܣˮǿĴڣǲǺܵģˮ˵ȥȥ
ˮȴҪǺܱܶ࣬ǴŮҲ⣬Ƿʱò
ƽӣˮÿһطΧ飬ҪĲ࣬ٶȲ޵ǿҲĶ֡
һ쵽һԭϡ
һǲݵأĲݺïʢĲݺܶ඼˸ߣǵĻִޣֲçߣ֮࣬еĵطݺ٣ֻҪߣеĵطͺͺ¶ŵ档
ˮΧ֪б˺ܾҲûзʲô
ˮ㿴ǲи
ڤѩָԶԶĵط
ˮǸͷȥ￴ɣ
˸ϵܰΧûʲôҰ޷ݣˮҲ峺ΧֲҲݵؿʣǰרĲƺһ
ˮüе㷴ˮԴĵطӦҰ޷ݳȺģˮҲڶģǿʲôҲûС
᲻ˮж
˵
ûҿԿ϶ˮû
ˮԶǺܾͨģжĻӲĸ֪
ǾˮпֲĹޣˮĶԸɾˣ޷ˮҲᱻԵ
ڤѩЦ˵
ˮ֪ǿЦһˮȴ˵
Сĵ㣬ǧܴ⣬Ҫˮ̫
ˮŮվ΢ԶһĵطĿź
СˮǹޣһֻĻҲöܰһ꣬ʲôθڡ
ԶһӰ
ˮһףˡ
ŮһҲе㾪ȣôܵ
¹ԼǼҡǼһһˮ֪ʲôĴ󺺡
ˮŮûзųޣļ˼ޣرǸ¹ģһֻʵͱħܲµĵʣµǼҺһǴһֻԳһֻͷߣʵǼҵֻѩ޻ҪǿһЩ
ǿˮƺҲ⣬ǼҺǼȴһ˵Ĺâ
Ǻ⣬ûпױ
Цˮ˵
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˵Ǹˮ֪ʲôʵˣ˳׳ȷʵһʼˮһ֮󣬾ûٿˮֻһֱڿˮߵͱڤѩ˶ǿԿеζ
ͻȻˮоһӣˮһ˲ֱȻͷˮһֻɫ޴ĳˮдܳܳܳ
ˮסŮһŹԾȻͿǶͷˮС
ͷ߷ֲļܿʧˣںûзʲôˮ
˶סˣȻѸٵ뿪ˮԶһ㣬ʲôͷߵʵѾֲܿˣҲغڵʵǾȻҲûоͱˮʧˡ
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Ǹɥһһ֪˻ƣͷߺ棬ͷߵûľ
ˮˣʲô
Ǻܿ죬֮ǰҪˮһʱ֪˭ء
֮һ֡
ˮˣһֻ޴Ĵ֡
˵ŵʱˮҲһ죬һĴ֣ǣϾˮдֵ̫ˣοǾݣԵʲô˵ǾǴ֡
ˮ𾪵ǣֻеһ֣кܶഥ֣߾ֻһ뵽Χûз޾͸оصļһԲһֻ֡
⵹ǸʲôĴڣˮڶûеȥп浽ʲô
׵ҲɫףҪ֪֮ǰˮж˭˭֮ǰһôĽԽԽֲ״żֱ뿪кûкˮ˴
ˮҡҡͷЩ˻ûзˮԤУҪĦˮ£ǻ練Ƶġ


2021 סˣò
ˮǶ̫ˣҲ߰ɣ
˵ڤѩû˵ɫҲе㲻ȻϾ˭رѾܵвʱ򣬻ѾǺܲˡ
뿴ʲô𣿡
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ˮͷҲǾͷϾ̫ðˡ
ˮҪ뿪ʱ򣬸ղǹϢˣһˮǴһŮҪ˵ʱ򣬱ڤѩǴֲסˣǴִޱȵĴϻϸСĴ֣ԿԲסһˡ

ڤѩ̲סһɫףŮ˶ִֵĶ£ˮѸסڤѩгС裬˵С뿪һȥġ
ѸٷԸС뿪ųߣϾ̫ΣˣûС裬ֻбħܻܵܲȥ˵ɲϣʲô⡣
ˮ֣뿪
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ڤѩһӺˣôûкйӴ֪ԼǸŮˣǾûпԼĵˣǸڸϼ˵ŮˣԼϲָоһ˹¶ҲȥǨҸġ
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ڤѩˮһۡ
ˣ᲻źûк˽Ӵһ£ţûкǹ
ˮֶŪŮһŮƺҲ˼
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ڤѩˣˮòˣڶ֪һʲôĸоеĻң֪ԼҪʲôѾԼ·ϡ
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ˮʵûҪǿڽ޵붺ȥ־ܼᶨˮɲԾǶҲûҪ㵽ŮˣֻŮ˷ɣ취ǺЧġ


2022 ɽˮֱű
ˮҲֻ˵˵ͷŹ͸оһϮȻˮУʵʵѾûʲôˮеĸоûˮϴ֮ͨսۿۡ
ֻˮдʵûʲôӦ
Ȼˮо촽һ
ˮסˣڤѩȻĴչ촽ˮϣǣǶˮ졣
𺳵ˮòŻعĴˣôҲ뵽ΪڤѩԸҲὫ͵ģûаԲܣھȻˡ
㿪֪ñڤѩ޵ݣʲôľٶǸŮˣҲ˺ܾðɣҪǺ֮Żɡ
ˮĺסĴ꣬ϸϸţϢϵĴˮڱ֮Уͷ˿ڤѩأ̽ȥסǷ۵࣬ʳĽҺ
ڤѩ۾嶼ڲһƬհףҲǺÿ죬֪Լϲϲо˵ڸǻңȻعʱѾܵˮͷĿС
ԻӦˮԼָоеϲ΢һЩ嵭һЩӰ
һֱڤѩоеʱ뿪΢΢ͷҿˮ
ҲǶҪˣһرģ㲻øһġ
ڤѩܺ죬һ̵޲ɷ
ˮЦſŮˣǶûˡ
Ҳ⣬ҲڣܻʵѾǺݳˡ
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ˣǺףûʲôˮԿΧĺܶණ֮ǰǴֺ͵Ӵöഥ֣ˮ˳Ŵֿλá
׺ܴ󣬲ӦһϳźܶĹͷеңѪȵζиζ
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ˮԭǱֹǸʲôôᱻ˶ãˮﻹ½ǷޣˮڸӺˡ
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ˮѾһһһĶʲôˮ治֪ӦˮⱾ岻Ǻܴ󣬹Ҳʮ״СûȣԲεģһ˫ڵ۾Ĵ֡
۾֮۵ľŴ죬˵֮һĴСеţûһҲˣſһѪɫĶڣǷ·һ
ⴥֺܲˣˮڶԸЩֶ֪ʲô취ȽЧԼĻԣҲ˵һԿ϶һʵӦñԼҪǿܶࡣ
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ˮڿ޵֮رľ޴ʱİ취ҲЧİ취ƾɽԿԽһű
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ĺ˫ӶĺҲǷӿˮͱڤѩˮʱȴһӣΧѸȼգû𵶸޵Ĵ֡
ŭ޷Ŀʳ֣ˮͱڤѩĴҲŪˣˮĻƽսꪷĻš
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ûôͣҲȻɽԴСԷ̰ԣоͲá
ڤѩһŻع񣬿ˮǲˡ
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ڤѩֲ֪ʲôоȻϲе꣬ĿˮԼˣԼˣԼô죿
ǿʲôûУһǳȥ滹棬̫ǡ
ˮ֪ڤѩʲô鲻ܰοڤѩľٶˮҲе㲻֪롣
ڤѩͷˮռŴ޵ľԪڵ֮ĵȣһǺöˮֱӽɾ
Χﻹд޴ʯң涫ǲ٣ûʲôöˮеʧɱһҲջ񲻴ˡ
ˮֱӽƵˮѸٽһгˢɾ
ˮͱڤѩﵽʱ򿴵С軹ԶûȥʱˮͱڤѩѸٵ˹
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û£Ǵˮˣ뿪ɣ
ˮˮ֮Ҳûˣȥˡ
ڤѩѾָȻ˵ʲôŻȥķȥ


2023 վԪĽ
ҲûôɱģûǸʲôŮ˵ĺĻǺǿģʣˮʱڤѩ
˰ȫط֮ˮŻΣյĵطˣ߶Ƚţ⻹ʵԭʵ㹻һƻܽǸ
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ˮһ㶣뵽˿뵽ǴһĴ֣Ǵ޵ľԪǲ֪᲻̳д޵
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ˮģͲάǴ޵ľԪˣԪȫ޵ʵһЩ޵ıǾԪĿɹ֮
ԪеһЩǻᱻ߰ٷְٵգиʣʺܵͣмʵģԻǿһǾԪеıһ֣еĺü֣Ļ̳еһֵļʻǺܴġ
ʾ֪ȻĵĽǾԪһ̵ȻнڵʲôҲһ̵
ˮһ飬ֹѾˣ޵ʵֲܿڱһԵ¾ԪڵЩǴȫʵҲǴ롣
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ûһͿʼ󣬾ŸԴҲڲϵķ֨֨Ľ
ֻмǿͷͷһʱмֳͷмǿСһЩǾͷȴǶͷˡ
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׵ۣˣʵܿȥˣûжٴγ֡
ˮܼԼһֻǿĿϵҪˣڻҲ¸״̬Ͼʵܶ࣬ڤҲʱ޷սҲ޻ܣС裬ǰһӦҲΪСʵޣҪĻǿϵģ޻졣
һ¾ǰµʱ䣬м䲻ʱĳһνҲǲϵı仯мǿŽӲӵͷˣˣ޴һִֻ˺һУȻӵĲǺܶ࣬ϢȴǺ֮ǰѾϵµ
Χİ˿СԴȫͷֻǺСɢȴǺֲܿ
ˮʵǾʵǺħҪǿȻȫ̳Ǵ޵ʵҲ̳һ뻹ࡣ
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ʵˣˮоӦʮңС࣬ҪʲܴﵽʵıħҪǿϲֹһϾһ˵
ˮҪǿսǲʲôµǿ
һŷ˺ܴı仯ϾζھͷҲһα죬ṹҲ˾޴ı仯
Ԫͷ츳սõʵٱġ
壺ÿԼκβλΡ
ƶͷ뷢޵иǿĸʴճԼǿĲ޷ƵĿ꽵ٶȡ
˿֣ͷԷһ˿Զйƣٶȼ죬˿ճԺͶԸǿ޷ƵĿ꽵͸ٶȡ
Ⱥ֮ף޵Ķǿ񣬿ĹߵΪͷ룬һʳ룬ʮԼԵȡ
˿սģٶһٱ˲佫ΧһŴһĿ轵ٶȣоͷٶʮ
ͷİޱȣżǿĶԺʹ͸Ч
ܣͷķǿ
ףսͷٱļ̡Լ˿ļ̡ճԼԡһٱĹͳ־ģ
˿þͷʵʮԡӲ˿ճԡʮ


2024 ŲҰ·
ˮҲ֪ˣͷҪǼĿжסĿ꣬ڵľͷʵҲܿ£ٶȺܿ죬ڶԷ޷жʱͷǿɽĿɱ
ھͷķԼצķǺֲܿģǾͷߵЩҲǷ˺ܴı仯ܶ඼ͻƣ֮ǰǱͷѹˡ
ȻЩҪ鱾ǰͷڻǰͷȴеĳһССĽͷеͷˮоԼѱһֻͷȴǵõܶޣҲԼܡ
ˮɾʾԼˮԽԽ⣬ԽԽģʵӣоԼۺʵ˺ܶ౶ʩչҲˡ
ˮɱͿ޼ɵʹãҲԾ¾ǺףڣӦҲһս֮
ûк׵һ⣬ҲôǿеñʧΣͬڣһεðջĻرǺֵġ
ˮʱѾˣмˮһΣʱѾˣŮѾϢˣˮֽɾһγɫѾ΢΢ˡ
ˮտҰ⣬ѣɢʯһ⣬ҹպˮѾϰˣһ𺳵ġ
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ˮµҵһƫԶطʼȭΪ˲ӰŮϢÿ춼̫ȭǴ壬ȹ̸ԪƳȭԽ̫ȭԽˮоȭ档
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ˮ߻صʱŮѾ˳Եģ
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ˮǸеׯĻе߰Ů˾Ȼ˵
ˣҪҲˣ֪˵˵ʲôҲûУǱȥʱһ𡣡
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ƺеʧȴ֪Ӧòô򵥣Ҫʿɶֹʷÿˡ
극·һһߣһ̽޲ϵĴλ֮ǰȥʱ򲢲һ·ȴġ
ҩʯͷʲôĲ٣ϧûˮҪƷɽĲϣͲһˣ׼һλҵأûʲôϣˡ
ʮˮ쵽ڵʱˮ˲ûгޣϾ쵽ˣ⸽ͳȥڿҲûмˡ
ˮûпױǸӣ¹ļ˵ǶڣˮҲе㾪ȣҲû̫⡣
ֵܣջô
Ц˵һк
Уأ
ˮЦ˵
ˮ뵽뿪ʱ򣬶Щ˲ûʲôĺøУرǸͷߵˣһ˫۾һֱŮϣ޲ðŮ·
˵ǸļһŲҰڳ
Ǹ˵
С椹ϲ͹ｻѡ
󺺿ĵ˵
ʲôһȥΪǵĶĶѣ±ˡ
ӣ֮ǰڴ뷢쭵ģ⣬û뵽ڻֶĵӡ
ҵɫˣ֮ǰǸвԲϣоһһ仰ǴˣһﶼԴ򣬵ǲܴοﶼͷ˵ȥμҶ˶ľԷǸ߰ŮҲС
̫ˣŲҵ˵·ǹ⡣
ҵ˫۾ޱȵɭ


2025 ɱ
Ҳ˵һ顣
ʱˮƽ˵˫۶ҡ
ˣװʲôΪԼµһҾ˵һ飬һǹŮˣһҪ
Ļû˵꣬ˮӰֱӳ˹ȥ

ˮֿۻңȫǽ·ߣҷӦܿ죬֪ѾסˮкһһѶ̽ˮĿڴȥ
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̫С˯ٶȺˣһĹ֮ǰѾ˶ԷĿڡ
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ҵڵϣֱûϢˮͶûкøУ˲ʲôöˮڴ̳ҪҪõ룬Ȼ⣬ǻˡ
ˮֱӲɱˣȻ֪һЩ鷳ô
ˮɱ̫ˣɱ˵ַʵֲ̫ˣ򵥵ɱУֲܿΪˮַƺֺӷֱӴڲҪǱûл֮ƺֲġ
ˮɱеرʵһܿûĻĿԸ񵲣ҲᱻԷһɱϾԷλãһѣ״̬Ǿֻܵˡ
Ҳû뵽ˮͻȻɱˣͻȻ˵ĸоΪԼͷˣи˻Լоܺãһ˵ĸо
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ˮֶξɱֶΣҲˮʵս
ˮˣԷûκ붯ͷˮЦЦֱߵŮߣǻûкúÿĻʱ䣬ȥΡ
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뵽֮ǰԽԽ£֮ǰԼôرǼҺǼҵˣҲǶԱڤѩ洹ѣ֮ǰԼһʱѪ˵ǽǲǺһ
ʵ̫ˣȻô

ڿˣˮŮ˳ױӣױҲˣˮױӶǺ𾴣л
ʱҲΧ˺ܶˣҲ˺ܶˣвԶ֮С
˳ȥ֮ˮЦſűڤѩǻرڤɹ𣿡
ڤѩˮͷһˣҪȥ
ѩ㣬ˮҶڴ̳ǣûҪ̳ǣˮڴ̳ǿ˸ãи벻Զܺҵġ
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ˡ
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˸Ūһһ١
˵ջˮҲϸ磬зݴеǺʺ㣬֪ûȤսĴС
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ˮЦЦʺϵģ˵ֵܣȻѡ㲻ϲ߲ʣνزأԼ̫ͼˡ
ˮսսԼǸУǿǿսľԪȥսܣΪһս񴫳ߡ
ʮȻͽܣҲһɣɶġ
ˮʣֻħеֻ
ʮɵʵܲõħҲǺܼϾħ̫ǿˣôһֻǿޣʵҲ˺ü
һֻˮ͸ͨѾԼʵޣȻûбħǿ󣬵ȴǿ°빦Ч
ͨǻûʲôޣˮȸͨ
һҲԲˣõʵһ˺ܶࡣ
̳ҲǳվȽˣԼڣһҲûģֻħѾԱ֤İȫˣοɵʵҲףҽҲˣǱ˶û˸ȥԸˡ
ʦѾ׵ˣԼͶӵԼһ磬ⱲҲܻرԼһС
̳ǵȦƺѾı仯˵ȦҲı仯һжΪһССûˮصĴڡ
ǼҺǼ֪ˮĿ£ǲʲôģˣ֪᲻μҷŭμһ᲻Լ
ǼҺǼһ᲻ᴫˮɱңˮоӦòᴫϾԼԼ鷳
μһ֪ˣ֪ˮɱģϢǲǼһǼҴȥľͲ֪ˡ


2026 μҵĵƣѪħ
μųǵģųǵ壬μҵһţһܱӵˣˣμҺܷŭбɱģûʲôɱԹģǱɱģһǳ֮ǰ
μҼλɫķ·ҪγˮˣҶɱģɱǴ̳õǸˡ
ȥ̤ƽá
һŭ˵
壬ҵֵܣ类ɱһֱţμҲųǵ壬һһЩΪ֪̳ΣҲܷŹá
̫ˣȻĿŵɱμˣܷŹҪǧС
ΪμҺ۸ȥɱɡ

һʱμҵ´ֵĺͲгеһȣλԴλµĶӣǽϣμҼλӵˣλµϣûˣ׷ͺڷ˵ıǺѹġ
λºܱˣǿԿغ͵ڣ½ÿ춼ܶˣΪһҪľ򣬼ʹϢʱѹѹ
λѹѹʾ˲Ҫٳˣߵһʵ壬˵ôã
ΪһߣһֱǱ۾ƺ˯һһص·һͨ˫۾ʱ۾̫ˣ˫۾ƺ˲١
£Ҫȥã
ü˵
μҵͳûˡ
λ˵ʵһǣΪμһβþͻԵ̫ųᱻץѱλӶûˡ
ûô򵥣Ѿˣ𲻵õģõ㣬Ҳƺ׳Ȱ㲻ҪǸҪ
˵
һʦԹԹ۲۲һ˵ʢô˾ͻԽԽǿ׻෴һ˵ܵͣô·ᵹù
λ³Ĭˣ֮ǰЩҲǳĬˣμиصλãʵǿģȴһصĹȻܰٷְ٣ϵ׼ȷȣμЩ˳˳귢չܿ죬˺ܶ·
˿λƺ붯ã̾˵붯þưɣȻμҶ
˰ѻ˵ѾȷˣλѾǳ嶯ˣͷǣȥһѪħ˵μҪǰòƽ
һϵ߳Ӧһ뿪ˡ
μѪħĹѪħμһѪħƣӿѪħһ£ϲҪ̫Ķܰ
ѪħһǿĴڣͬʱҲһаĴڣһμҶԸӴǿʵһȦӣѪħľϲڱ
λһҪãΨһһѪħҲʹˣѪħ֣λ·ģڵʵѪħǳ˵Ρ

ˮҲ֪μҪԸ֪μѾ֪ұɱĿܣˮ⼸óһЩֵˣԶԶĿãеǽ뿪ȡ
֪Щвμҵˡ
Ҳʱˮ֪μӦѾ֪Լɱҵ飬ԷûֱԼҪ𣬿ɼԷƺԼʵҲη塣
ԷûжˮȻҲг֣ˣҸѾˣȻȥμҳһʱ򿴱ǿģظϹڣǿͲˡ
ˮҲǺܵģֹ죬ˮҹɾͻȻЩԣΪоƺΧסˣˮֱӴʶȻͿĸһˣĸˡ
ĸȴְΧˮйͨĸоˮƺʲôҲ֪һԺеͤſǣ֪ԼĳѾ˶Է֮С
ˮɴóһ裬
㻹ǳסҪˣô򶨡
һһӰˮԶ
ȻϣˮǿޱĿˣǸˣһѪ·۵ľͷѪͷҲһ⡣
˭ΪʲôҪã
ˮȻ֪Է߲ơ
㲻֪ô࣬Ȼ֪ˡ
Ѫ´Ц
ˣһȥʱˡ
ˮͷȲ衣
Ѫ´ƺˮĻҭһ£˫ѪǺ̵֣ܶذֲǣʱǿҵѪ֮֮Ż
һ·ɣ˺ܿͻģ˵ˣʲôһҲߵĺܽиˡ
Ѫ´󺺸ûнˮϡ
ǱģӦѪħģ֪Ѫħʲôݣ
ˮѾܵ˶ԷϵħϢѪħһֹУֻһѪħߡ


2027 磬ħź
ǺǿģѪħѪħ˶⴫йֻһѪħľ贫УҲǿԾħ֮ѪĻǲᳬѪħġ
Ѫ·Ҳ֣Ͼǵ·ͷ̫ˣ֪ѪħҲʲô̫ѵ顣
Сӣ֪̫ˡ
ˮЦˣ仰ˮ뵽һЦ飬һһˣһһڼһ˵ȻʵǸ˾˵ˣ֪̫ˣҪɱڡ
ˣҹվվȻ˵ݣҲǸСඣҲɱ㣬ȥѪħĹɡ
ˮӻǸϲӬһ˻ӡ
Сӣû˸ô˵
Ѫ´󺺱ˮˡ
ôооһƨɱֻǵָ䣬ɱ⣬ɱ治֪Ҳ⶯ɱ㡣
ˮ̧ͷĿס󺺡
Ҳоˮƺе㼬֣ʱǸоԼеﻢ£ɫһ£һƣ֣ɱ
ˣһϵģһˣһˡ
һĸ˴ĸˮȥ
Ǵһһ񣬾ˮʽҲһɱҲնն
һҲ޵ʽĸһʹó·һеĴһ
ˮͷҲ̧ʶѾĽΧһзӳУĿҶԷٶƺˮٶȴǿ˿Ӱ
ˮӰһͻһȭֱһ˵ʺ

ӰٴһܣһߵǸ˵Ŀڡ
βţ
˲ԷͱЩ˵ʵˮ磬ȻˮնɱҲ˲⣬ˮǿͬʵɱɱ
ˮһ𻨣˲նɱˡ
ʣµѸٵ˿ʱһĿˮ۶ǲţҲ̫̫˰ɡ
ˮԸǸˮде޷֣ϾǸһʵˮǿ󣬶ҸѲĴ֣ЩֻǿҲǺܸߣ޷ֵĸо
Ը࣬߶ԷֻһһޣǱˮʵǿ٣ˮҲһս
˵Ѫħʲôݣ
ˮʶסˡ
һʹߡ
һϡ
׺µʲôԷɱԼ練ƣȫڶԷһ֮䣬һҲˮնɱǡ
ˮҲ֪ˣ˵ʵѪħͨʲôʹߺͳϲֻ࣬˵ѪħмѪħƶǵĴڡ
ˮˣ뿪иǹ´ҶѪħߺȤ˵ͷѸٵĴ뿪ˡ
ˮصͤȲ裬ʱѾˣˮǻȥϢˣֻͨԼûлȥˮ£ĸ˸պͤһȦӡ
ˮóƣóõļˣȻ˯Ǿͺȵ㣬ʱȾƻǵһΣо
ˮóǻǾƣƲǿǡ׳ʲô֮⣬Ǿеңǰ־ƾһ㡣
Ҳǿս񴫳ˣʵڵõ֮Ҳͻͽ֮ǰʵͲѾغڣӦñˮ򵽹ҪһЩ
ˮǿǷǿɱУһԴķֵ˺ˮĿֲ֮
˾ֵһ㣬ʱõս񴫳У˸ӵĹϵһʮڱչأȻڹҲˣʮȻˮͽܣǴʳʣͨʵҲֵơ
ˮϲãˮʦˣǶˮŮҲʦĸʦʲôģҲ䡣
ˮûа취ֻˡ
þơ
ȾƻҪߣϵܸҲ٣ʱһȲúȡ
Ц˵
ǰ
ˣˮѪħǿġ
ʱ˵
ʵΪ˺ȾƣʵѪħ飬ϾԷʵǿкܻܿһЩΪ֪ǿڣͲðˡ
õģѪħ޵УͣٺѵͣɱǲǵĿģΪħ߲ҪħңڵҽϴѪҺеħԣҲǵΪչһǲЭġ
ˮ˵
ô죿
ü˵
Ҫ룬չ׳ǵս飬ʱϽľ磬Ȧӣǵս죬оֹħߵ֯ĳҲ֪ûħߵľۼţҲ֪ûս񴫳߾ۼţҲǺܾǰħź
ˮ˵ЩʱϣĹâһ
Ҳϣ۹⣬ԺܾʣҪǿʵҲľ磬Ǹ˵ѪȵģǷڵġ


2028 Ѫħ
ˮڶľҲһ֪ϾûǸȦеһȻ˻
ˮоս񴫳ߺħ߶źܶ꣬õƽս񴫳еĶֹԼһˣϾ˭Ҳû˵ÿжΨһԣħУȻħ֮ѪľħߣҺѣ϶һҲ˵ֻһ˿Ծħ֮Ѫ
һЩս񴫳ߺħΨһģˮĻƽսһһֻһܵõУҲкܶս񴫳߶Ψһģս񣬿սһԴȻҲһΪսҲһ
ħţħǺܾǰħţħʲôҹħţħħȵȣһ֯һħţޱǿһš
ħųֻƾϲãΪ˲бѪѪ޵ĹǿΪħһʲô鶼ǣиѪħֻҪһħԱͻ¾ǳأȻڽһɱɱѾ塣
ǺħŶһڣΪ˶ֹħŵĴڣһȺͬõ޴˵ˣħŵЩսٶȲô죬б׾սٶȲǺܿ죬ʵħŵٶȿ죬Բȣ׳ԼʧԣΪħҵˡ
ħŵȻΪԼħԲݣΪǸʱǵı仯ҲԼģǸоԼıԣΥԼԸ飬ҲоԼʵԼ
Ӧħźģˮ֪ԼʲôʱϣԼսȴһҪģҲھڶ࣬ʵ㹻м˾Ϳˡ
ڶ첢ûпѪħˣˮ֪Ѫħ˻ǻģһѪħĹô˭ˮԶĶԼʱ򲻽ȥһħ
Ԭûõűܽٵҩ޷ԭˮѽҩݣϾҩݲҪģҲҵġ
ЩѵҲɽţǿҲڲϵӣˮһҪһ̿ͣʱΪԼʵҲˣͽаҹڰҹ֮С
ҹսˮҲûãԼھг֣ԼڰҹˮΪԼĶе
ԼⰵҹӦþͲˣ˼ҲһģԼһ
ˮϲٵĵطҲ£Ҳû̫֮ģûͳһ½ʲôġ
˵뵱ʿǺʿˮԵϲңһ㣬ϲһЩ²ʱɼܶ鲢Լôô

ʱһˣһˣһ͵ˣϢޣһɫӣһ˫۾Ҳʣɢһ˵ζ
һǿˣˮ֮ʶһ͸ܵڲħ֮Ѫ
Ѫħߡ
ˮҪʶǿôҲ뵽ǰ˾Ѫħʵеϡ
ãԷˮĴк
ãѪħˮҲЦŴк
ܿҵݣеСˡһ˿ȣҪֻ֪һϺݣ˶ûпݡ
ѪħűѾ˵ڰأģѪħģҲǿΨһһԼħ֮Ѫرһħ֮Ѫ
һħ֮ѪǵкҲݡ
ҲҵˣȥǱôˮָָԺ
ã
˳ĲֺܿɺζԽԽÿе̣ĺãͶһ˵˵츳
˵ɣѪħΪʲôֶԸң˵սħĶԹ֮ǰû֮ǰӦò֪ҵݡˮЦ˵
ǲܻشģشҲûʲôμҰңһǻμģֻǿҪμ鲻Ǻܺû΢Ц˵
Ȼμҡˮͷ֪˲û˵ѣμңˮҲ벻ʵˣżңΪżҪͶԼˡ
УżҺ̼ҵ˶ûж֣ױǸ̼ҵˣżҺμҽãżûнȥȴøңҲǺҽȥˣҪ֪ԼᱻˮôҲȥġ
µ̨λǿ˵ģʱλӺܶ˶ףˮҴ֮ҲףѵԸԼ
ˮҡҡͷμѾûзϣǰѪħѪħ߲ˮ飬ʲôǶ˵Ƕǵˡ
ҶԾܺ棬ܸܲ˵һ㡣ˮЦ˵
ʵ˵Ҳ˵Ժ磬ȥȦӺʲôҲˡѪħƺ˵ƺ˵塣


2029 սѪħ̫ں
ˮںѪħҲǺƽ͵Ľ̸ˮΪԷǸħʮˣڷоԷǣ⵹ˮ⣬ħһľҲһµ̬
ǻ˵֮ɡ
ˮЦ˵
ãʵ˵ʵ֮ҲˣƺҲѡ
Ѫħ˵һԼеĻ
ˮҲ⡣
иҺ֪Ҽħ츳ߣҲߵģĿǰΪֹ֪Լħ֮Ѫûйǣ᲻ᵣԼԱ仯ʲôġ
ˮʵ
ʵⲻǸ⣬ʧԵĲֻħߣֻħʵڹˣ˵ЩУΪħصٳɣȣȻ׳£ܶħ˶ƲеĲأĳ̶ֳϣħĹҪúܶࡣ
Ѫħûģ˵
ˮ룬˵ĺܶԣΪˮѾԿޱȵκ侲֮ǰ˵ҲǺ
⵹Ҳǣ֮ǰһֱ̫ˡ
ˮͷ˵
ѪħЦЦʵҲȻΪ֮ǰ˵ЩҲʮ֮һʮ֮һԻǴ󲿷ֶ˵׳£侲ģɱ˷ԴĸҪ߲٣һЩԿƵֶΣһžĵĹʲôġ
ˮû뵽ǰô侲ҲǶ˼ֺøУл֪Щ˵˵ôɣҪġ
ɣ㻹ûнľ磬ҲǾеһڣûбҪһѣʱҲҪˣдһ£㿴Σ
Ѫħ˵
ˮͷ⣬ʵԺҲһѣǸҽߣҿԿħ֮ѪҲ㣬ҵһӾħߣҿԽħ֮ѪħϴӸɾٶû֮ǰƣ֪ܶħǲԸʧȥԵġ
Ŷ⵹Ǻ⣬ҲȫħһЩˣʵ֮ʧȥԵģΪչ̫죬ҪԽ֪ԼɲԼʵȫֹͣ
ѪħЦ˵
ˮʵǰҲϾе⣬Ҳ֪Ѫħ˵ĲʵħУҲģһЩߣڸо޷ɹһνʱͻԼʵǰͺˡ
еʱԽǺͻԽпͻƣ²еһЩ򶼻ͻƵǰľ磬ûжɹֱɢ
ҲһҲҪְҿħ֮Ѫ
Ѫħ˵һˮ֪ʲô˼Ļ
ôһһġ
ˮЦЦ
ǿʼɣ
ˮͷſзȥ
ѪħҲǵ˿У˸ڸ߿Ȼͷͬ֡
ˮõ̫
ΧһȭĹΣɢһְϢȻϢһ˺һַ·֮Ƶơ
ѪħѪʢһޱǿҵѪ˫ܿڿн֡
ˮ֪ԼڱϵʵһѪħĶ֣ӲӲĻԼһǱɵˣȻԼķǿ󣬵ҲǱ֤Լ˺󱻶Էɡ
ˮ̫̫жǺֲܿģǽʵǿʲô̶ȣֻҪľ繻á
ˮϵжԷĶԷǰԼһЩ뵽̫Уһ̫̫ʤǿеİԵڽȥ̫ʶ˾޴ı仯˿أɹ̫ô
Ѫħ;ˣˣ˿ʼֵֻܵ⣬żڲȫϲˣÿζܽԼĹ⻹㣬ֲǶԷʽûʲôʽһԼܾͻִҽһʽԼޱȵı
ûмִ򷨣Լǿɱƺһְ裬ΪûлʹãóҲﲻĿꡭ
ˮҲԽԽӦ֣·һֱܣԵĽ˷·һгŮ˶󣬲ͲͣҪָоرĺãսһܣ⡣
ܾ֮ˮѾˣûɱ֣ԷҲûУˮܸоһսˮԼջܴܴ
˺Ĭͣ㲻ǸǿҽʦǸǿߣ˵ʵҺˣԺһˡ
ˣҵҵ
֮ǰȥˣԺ˾ǻģǻΪѣɲô򵥣ʱҲ߸֮ǰνĿ
ѪħЦЦˮ
ˮѪħ뿪Ѫħ뿪ӦԺ󲻻Լ鷳ˣ֪ܿᴫȥһѪħκβ˵Ĵڣûʵȥˡ


2030 ҹ
ˮҲû뵽ô򵥵ĹȥˣͬʱҲһЩħ߿һЩı䣬ҲΪħ߾ʲôˣ߲ú˺ͻ
ѪħҲ˵ˣܿԼħʮ֮һͣܿԼҲǾԣֻԵģΪЩܿԼıϱ߶е㲻硣
սħı䣬򲻻ı䣬һַչŴаһ
ӿƽˮҲΪõķչȴˮܿģٶ̫ˣҲڲϵɢѪħߺʱ䣬ˮѾٹõˡ
ѾȫԶһ棬żȻһЩˮ֡
֮⣬ûһЩҽʦɻһ쿴̫ʱĲЩҽʦõĲɲŻ֣ڵʱ仹ѧϰġ
֮ЩҽʦҲһҽʦǲҽʦˮǵһʱģһĲ֢ǿԿġ
ˮòʲô˶βҲԭرˮ֮ǰͶ¹ģʲô˲ҽΣʲô˳۵ĲҽҲС
ʲôĻǿҽһЩرˣҽͨһֵõͨ˵ʱҲܴ󣬱㴫Ϣˮúҽ֮ǿЩͨ˴ݡ
һ˵õҽεĲˮҲֵģЩ겢ûˮʲô˵ĸоҽ߸ĸˮģЩѵļͥʧȥĸĺӣʧȥӵĸĸˮκǻоܿģȻûпĵĻرϻһ㣬Ŀġ
ˮ֮УͬҲ֡
꣬ҹЩӽչ٣ˮ˺ܴıǮҩʲôĸǲƽϣɼҲǺģЩֻѵٶȣ
ʽȭÿ춼ǳ鴤һʱʱϰذףذʽˮӺֹܶģΪɱУһһУÿһжɱУЩʽеС
ЩʽǴȭ̫Ѩ֡ȣʵѧһذףһУʹá
ˮİҹּʮˣˣһ츳ǰֽһˣûб϶ǹ¶֡
ѵһ˲ףˮʲôУ֪ûʱ䣬Щ˸ŲһôˮڲԾ㿪ʼ
һǰҹһȻս
ʱǲ죬ˮоһ棬ҲܿǾܺԼսˣ֮ǰԼҪȥһνԼȥľˮˣԼһء
ˮпռУǾݵͼϴֻһλãҲǴسǣˮٴһ㣬һεĵӦþľˡ
ˮ΢Զһ㣬ȻԼֱþйȥˡ
ˮûнȥֱʹȥϾﻹûн
ˮⱱѾһˣʮǴʳͱܣˡ
ˮ˵ˣ֪һ죬Ҳᣬߣ֪ôˮһҪСģǻŬʱһȥġ
Ҳ֪ˮҪ뿪ҲҪ뿪ģҲ͸á
ˮͱڤѩģˣڱڤѩûеĵزһ⣬õ⣬ˮоԼ뿪֮ԷӦúܿͻǰɡ
ˮҵѾȥˣѾǱˣʲôʱҪҪѩ㣿
ˮЦ
ˣһţȱڤѩʱ֪ģ뿪ɡ
ˮҲŵͼʹģҪȥĵطľˮǸλǡ
ˮʧڴ̳ǡ
ǣ
Ѿ֪Ǿ̳ǶԶˣһҪúþúþãǲرġ
ˮҲ֪һЩˣ沢ǶһˣļңңҲļңǵľԴңļ壬һҵ顣
ˮǣѾľˣӦûԼ˵һЩĹأû˵ԼҲὥ֪
ˮںǺϵҲһһʵѰǰҲڷչҲǺҪĻһյ̨ˮҪｫԼһһ
Χķ̳ʵҲ࣬ĸоʣһƬ٣ˮ￪ĵΪˮܡ
ǵ·Ȼ·ʵ࣬˶٣㿴Увʮǻҵġ
治ϵΪˮܣˮڸյİĺܣҲɣ㿪ʼѣȴҲܿġ


2031 ǣҡҡ
ˮ˵ô𲽡
˵ڰˮԼĹǣʲô⡣
ˮ룬ΧһŪãһúϵ֣ҽݺ;¥ϵ֣ҪѸٴõҪһЩвӰˡ
Ц˵û⣬ȻǶģҲǸȦˣһؼҵʱҵ
䣬Ҹʵλˡ
ˮΧ
ˮȥĵشһλãҲˣ˵þƲʵﶼǺܷģֻдﻹûʲô
ͷȻˮߣǲʲôط۵ġ
ˮ⣬ý׼Զã뵽ʱΪһЩ㲻ԭԭ鷳
ﵽǷżҪ۵ģ̫СˣúĲǰζв۵ͷӣǣľ磬Իˮ֪ˮж
춼ˣҪǳԵ㶫ңô
濴ˮ˵
ˮȻûľ¥Դ¥
ռش󣬽ߣװݻˮ￴һֱǰݻĽһִݻϵʯͷȾɫ̵ȣװ޵繬һĴڡ
Ǵ͵䣬ɫߵ£ߵĺˬԶģȾգһַΧ䣬һ˺ʲô˼
Ѳ뱻ʲôĻڵ䣬һһ˾ǺƾҲڵ䣬ܶ˶һڴȾƿԽѣҲԵŮˡ
ľ¥ܴеǰľưɣŮ֣ܶ࣬ȫ֣ϰ춼һӲţҹкܷġ
ڵҸλ£΢ƫƧһģ˼ˣҪһơ
ԼҪú￴ҲܸĵΣԴ¥¥ĵѾˣҲܸоܷˮ֪ķ˾ƵĵΣϾװʲôҲǺϵΡ
ҪزˣһƿƣҲûزҲãڲ̱ǰҪõ̫ˣûпɱԣϵεľ¥⣬ҰҲǰȦҪõĶࡣ
˳оɿڣԹߺöˮܴﵽɿ˵ķ治ˣ⻹ͨġ
֪֪ҵǸŮһС
ˮļһ˵⼸䲻ǺܴΪҲǾޡ
ɧҸСʲôϡģҵСûһǧҲа˰ˡ
һ˵
ֻһҲ֪ôҵǸүүҲǷҲûʲôֻүŮ̫ˣӶˣһŭ֮¾ͽŮ˸ɱˡ
£ôûд
һ˾ȵ˵
ҺǴ壬˵⴫𣿡
֮ǰС˵
Ӧðү̣ĺŮ̫ˣӦҿˣһ
֮ǰĴ󺺿ĵ˵
ѵҾôˣ
һֱû˵ʱʵ
ȻˣϾүɱҵŮˣԼˣɱҵŮˣô塣
˵֮ǰˣ۾Ҳ޳ݵǺܲ
˫Ͱս̨򼸳Ҫүңˣ¾ˡ
ƺҲƽ
Ǻ񲻹ƽҸɱҵˣҪ嶼ҪģȻƴɲһүĲݰģֻܽܣ˰үݰȥ
ǽȥһ𣿡
Ǹһֱû˵ʱһֱͣʡ
ʱҪģͻᶪġ
һüţϱҲһƣˮĺ棺棬ʶң
ˮЦʵ
濴ˮȻ˵ʱ˵£ҲΪҲŵ̳Ƕܵģ˵ľү
ˮҲһ㶣֮ǰҲүǸݰǸһ˶ȥ̳ǶܣҿܲˣҿӦ˿
һлһ㣬ûдĻǾǱҪǿ󡣲Ȼ涩¡
ǿҺǿˡ
ˮЦ˵
Цǻ㲻ǿ󣬲ȻҲӣЩ˰ͲҼ޸ңҲһ̨ס
˵Ǻߡ
λˣ
ˮЦʵ
ⲻİңҲˣǸҵĲݰѱӦòˡˮҲǣǶ˰ɣˮ뵽һ⣺µûУ


2032 ңҽĺܺã
µûУ
һȻҡҡͷҲ֪߰ɣһȥҼҿɣ
Ц˵
ˮͷ߰ɣȥҿ
ˮеֵֹģʵϲȥ˵ļңرеʵļ壬һȥе㲻ڣ˺ܶ඼ǿ˵ġ
ң
ǵϷҲļ壬Ǹ壬һĴ˺ܾõģҵĲҵܶ࣬¥ҩġׯ꣬ܶʲôġ
˺֦ܶ࣬Ҷï˿ϹܺȵĲ࣬岢ǿģ˶಻νֻҪ˾Ϳԣͨ˵Ǯ˼˿ڲŽж࣬һͨĴ嶼ǳɰǧ˿ڡ
Ͼʵǿˣͣͨ˲һǵܵӰ죬ǮŮ˶࣬ܶ඼ʮӣÿӣͰٶ˿ˣüˣ˿ǧ治ʲô
Ĳҵͨ˵ĲҵǲͬģǿĶǸߵȵҵ֮Ľ׺ǮǮǼеһЩͨڼһЩͨ
ǿܣĶһЩðո߼ֵҵ
ﵽȻˮԶһ͵ҵΧһҵΧһж˵㣬άһΰһΪҽǮǰ˰һ
ҵĸۡϣܴһƬׯ԰һƬޱȵݻҲǺɹһĴڣɹҲǷŷֵģ֮ǰʵҪӳɼ˻Ǻǿġ
֮ǰʵҲ֮࣬Ҳ˵ˣһĵˣˮԾᣬֻҾ˵ʵ֮ϣܸ߶٣ĵ̻治һĸߣ뵽һңЩӦ֮ϵģЩҵĵΣ
ˮһֱҲеĶڣȻоǣȻԼڵĹ˺ܶ࣬ȻɽҪһ㣬ˮֻñʵͿɵĸ㶨档
ˮھǸо⴫кܾõĴ̫ḻˣҲ˵̫ˣ⼸ǿھ̫ˣ˵ȱȽǣЩʵΣ
ҲɣǱǿһλǶǿˣⶼĹ͡
濴ˮɫЦ
ʵӦʮң֮ǰԽĴڹҲʮҡ
һţ˾֪ˣСһǺģкܶ඼ЩǱⲻ˵ģˣ޸˼ңԼž޴ôļ塣
ˡ
һЦ˵
ĸã
ã

ˮŽ磬Ӧܶ˵棬Ǻڵģˮ֮ǰ˶Ǻò˸о֮ǰˮ˵ˣҲвˣղŵһˣĸ
ĸƹܼϴɽǸ˾ɽɽƹܣôǿңҵ¾˶µġ
Ǹ˺ܷУһλǺܿĵĺǸ˴кԽͻǸ˲ġ
ˡ
˵ǸŵˣҲģģ˵ϣվһĸˣˮһ֪Ů̫ˡ
ĸף񶡺ס
ף
濪ĵıˣȻֱǸˡ
ѾͷôҲ±ЦҲܽѡ
º͵˵Ŀǳ硣
ˮʱҲڿ򸾣һҲǴΪ񶡺׵ʵڵ滹ҪǿǸҲǿһǿ˺ܶࡣ
ˮȵ˵ʵޣرǸ˵ģҪˮĸ֪ޱǿһ濴ʵΪ񶡺׵ΪҲǺޣ֮ǰǸĸĸʲôģʵȻҲϲ̨棬ҲΪˮĸס
ҵĺѣˮҪϻ￪ҽݾ¥ףСҽǿǿġ
Ͻ˵
񶡺׺͸ʵ֮ǰҲڿˮˮʵҲ飬˿Ҳ龳磬ȻĴУʲôÿ嶼ţ֮⣬ˮʵʵҲˣϾô鼶ˡ
񶡺׺͸Ҳһˣˮʵߣܸоܵˮʵʵģָоܹ죬ǸԼĸо
ĸã
ˮҲǿ˲ˣԲУˮҲҪʲô
˺ܺãҽĺܺã
΢Ц˵
ҼҩʦҲãҽʦҲãǲҵġ
ģһδɵСҲҴԲѵſ񡣡
ˮĻ䣬һм


2033 ̫
ˮûзŭƺϵı鶼ûһı仯ǿ˵ˣһˣǿˣҲǿ˱ˮҪһЩʣ΢һЩһĸо
ˮ֪Ӧҵһ֮ӣ֮ǰ滹ҪǿĴڣʵʮҡ
߸ˣҲ٣ߵЦ񶡺׷Ц壬ã
ˡ
񶡺Ц˵ƽ͡
濴һˬǿһޱӵġ
仰ģܶ˶֪˵˭˵ˮ˵Ǹ
Ȼ棺ˡ
ţˮҸһ£Ҵ󲮵Ķ
Цˮ˵
һһ֪ˮϵãø綼ûôŲ죬ѷǲԼΪʲôҪ
ο֮ǰ񶡺׷Ҳǲ̲ģȻòϾ񶡺ںˮ˵в죬˵Ļʵûа
񶡺Ϊ˵һϺٹʲôΪºͣҲûôһûһӣʲôѣҵ϶æ
񶡺ײҲû˺ΪУҲʲôֻҪǼ巢ʲôǲģڼӲ룬˭ȤԼҲûȤȥ
ãˮһҽʦ
ˮЦ˵
ҽţ
΢Цţ˭ܿûаˮֲмһ˵񣬿ˮͷŰ̿лһ翴лʮǮ˵ԼǮһ
һֲмһԽһָһȵĸо
ţܺãرĺá
ˮЦˡ
ˮĻشһ㶣ģĺܺҲǺǫģģҲԼĿԽıֻ֣ῴ˶ĲأԼôԱ˵ġ
Ŷ˵˵ָʲô
Ц˵
ʲôΣԲУǣ㣬һûмҲƵġ
ˮ˵
̲סЦˣˮ仰ͷ·˵Բһ
֪ηôĴԲѣҪǿֱӽӳȥˡ
ЦȴǺ䡣
˵ʵΪѣ治
ˮҡҡͷһּʧɫ
СﲻҰĵط
һͻȻһˮȥٶȺܿ죬ˮȥһȥˮ
ô˵ӲֱӶ֣¾Ͳһˣʱһ̲ܽʲôҲʹˡ
ˮΣһֱץסǸ˵Ǹˮ⣬ˮֻǾס˶ԷֱһŤ
꣡
ͷƤ飬ˮûֱ֣Ť˶Է󣬲ˮӣЩ˲ӡ
ֳ侲ˣˮҲ
ãôˣû˸ôſ񡣡
ʱһһŲ
ɫҲˣˮҴˡ
ˮͷŶ˵ʮˣΪ׵һˣͷ޽һѩ׵ͷⲻûϣһ˵ʡ
Ĵ󲮣ǾڵҼ
磡
Ҳڰ
ɽƽĴк
ˮڶûκεĺøУҲĸĸˮӡ㲻
ҵĴ֮˼棬Ҹ뿪ˡ
ˮ
ˮҺһߡ
Ӵҧ
棡
ɽͻȻ
ͷɽ󲮽ʲô飿
׼һ£Ҹ㶨£ҵү׼׼޹ȥ
ɽ΢Ц˵
Ųɫ԰ףλŮṩ˺ܶҲʧȥܶ࣬رǻ϶Լ巢չΪĿĵġ
󲮣˵ҺƺҪȶˡ
Сĵ˵
ȶм죬үһҪ⼸飬ڱȶǰ飬ѾǰˣΣ㶼ҵˣ棬Ҳ֪ǲǿģҲҪɫǼʹ׼׼ɣ
ɽ˵
ʱо綼ˣģʱ񶡺˵磬ҵǸѾˣҿ滹Ǳ޹ȥˡ
ܣ֪ί棬ǰһûᣬҺֵĺûᣬҲ֪һֱǶ֡
ɽҲûżŭ˵
Ǵ壬ôоһͨ˼ңŮʲôҿŶоˣҲ湻ˣҲܵϼ֪ûŮԼŮ޹ȥˡ
ˮеҵɫвˬְ˵


2034 壬Ƥ
Ǵ壬ôоһͨ˼ңŮʲôҿŶоˣҲ湻ˣҲܵϼ֪ûŮԼŮ޹ȥˡ
ˮеҵɫвˬְ˵
ˮĻɽɫˣº͵һӷɱ⣬ֱסˮ
ˮ֮ǰ˵Ļκһ嶼ܲˣϾǡˣʱһϵѾˣֱһӡˮȥ
һˮѾܵеĿֲ񶡺׵ʵҪǿһЩ
ԣ
ˮӰֱӱĵ󵹷ɣˮûˣǿߣҲκΪУҲϣǵôߣҵĶ֣оұûˣҪңֵˡ
ˮĻɽһžͿˮӰͻȻߣҾ㿴ܵҼС
ӽӡӸӡ
ӹӡ
ˮӰһȭɽţߵĿѨ
ۣ
һѪӰˣˮӰٴαƽѨвϵʹмһ֣ߴˮûг֣ѹƣ᲻ǰңһͱ򵹣ʹ
ѹҪܸߣоԷʵ̫Ļôѹƾ̫ˣһֻϼٺҲ᲻
ˮصߵʱѾˣԼľܵ˲̶ͬȵ˺Ƿˣ֮ǰ߳־ɱУˮûɱѾˡ
һɽǾϰˣһ˾ʵҵźҲһλʵӲһԼŶӻǿܶ࣬ѵҲΪˡ
ʱˮ˵ûɽҲţţ˭Ҳţôĳ֣ǱǿüεҲ
ΪԭҲҳΪˣֻͣһطܿҾͻ뿪һûʲô˼֪ô
ˮ仰͸¶ĺȷϣûʲôȾָ͸¶һϢǣ֮Ϊ档
ɽΪһסļү»޹ȥ˵۲ˣˮаոô
ǲ֪ô
ɽ߸ˮ
ļˣ֮ǰ˵Ǹҽʦҿ԰ҽһˣֻҪҾָһǴһЩӣһ㲻ü֪㿴Σ
ˮ˵
֪㻳ҵҽɣʵ飬ҸֱӴһˣܶôأֻҪһͿԡ
ˮɽȻе㻳ɡ
ɽЦˣг⣬Ǿϰɣ
ˮȻû⣺̫ˣҪҪټӵ㡣
ɽɫһæ˵ã֪ϻϷˣ޷ָˡ
˭ϳǷˣȴҲǸˣˮҪκãǾԳΪǵĴڡ
ʵܶҽʦȱٵһᣬһǿߵĻᶼûУͨ˴ȥҲע⣬Ͼͨˣûţҥ
ѾѹˮûԹޣһˣʲôҲĺ͸ĽҲûֻû뵽ᱻһ˴Ǻ޻֮
ɽĵ޷ˣΪˮĴȫ߸ʶһǾһЩϾʵȴܱĺ޻֮ʲôʵ
ˮǸ֮ɽѾûе˺ˮˣˮվŲɽҲɱǰһسôҲҶһгĺӡ
ˮŽ룬֮֮ľϵͨȣˮڵҽֻÿֲݣҲͰʱңˮ롣
Ȼϻָ˭֪ڵ˶㣬ϢһЩʱͻָ
Ҳܾá
һٴˣѾ޷ɽ𾪡
γҪҪҵҽԣһǿҽݣԽܲˣῴץסܣҾͲˡ
ˮЦ˵
ɽɫһ󳱺죬ǸȻܿ˵˵л룬ҽҪú
ҽҪһطҽݣɣ
ˮЦ˵
鷳Ȼʲô壬óһطҽݻǿԵģϣҪƴǣ͵ҵһرҪ
ɽæ˵
ˮûΪɽΪ˾Σ˵ıԣˮԸ̫֣ܵԸҸᣬ棬ˮ֪ԺҶΪ̨ס
ˮȻҲûѣһҴȥǸʱɫģ֪ôˮǸˣһ޷Ӧת䡣


2035 ׯ԰
ˮûдΣҲҵľԺܴԺɾߵ棬Ӧĸף͵˽ĳɾͽǿġ
ϧ񶡺û飬ԸӵҰס
Ͽˮи翴һԼԼѾңѾûܺã֮ǰô̵ʱ䣬ӵٵõĸܣ˵һ޴ľ
ܶܶࡣ
֮ǰðԭСӣȸΪ⡣
žƱСĵ˵ȻֱӺꡣ
ˮû뵽Ҳô죬ҲȻˣڽĸ׶ˣļ嶼ˣҲ
ûΪĺܶĻͨõģǰһȾƣ̬ŵ͡
ǶˣôֳҪãҲиãǼǿ飬ǼҲ˭ǳ˭һίҪٱֻ
ˮǺǵЦ
ˣͷ֪ôˣ֮ǰȷʵˣеˡ
ʵǰҲǶܺõģҲȷʵҵ飬ԴɽҼ֮һв仯ġ
ɽҲе㲻ȻȻˮﻰ֪ˮ˵ЩΪʲôʱҲڣʵǲû޹ȥĴ㣬Ȩ֮ơ
ˮҲȥ֤ʲôôҲ֪Լʲô˼ˣԾͲٶ˵ˣˮҪʱ䣬Ժһжӭж⣬ʲôҲ㡣
Թ֮ɽˮȥطˮԼһЩҪ˵֮ɽ˵һطҲ˵Ǹطȥ
һ·һ·ҲһЩׯ԰ģǵĴ壬Ҳģ·ҲвٵĲҵһ·֮Ǵﵽ˳ǰ޷ľƽֱĴһͷߵׯ԰̫ˣλǵĴңвٵĲҵǺ顣
ǲ⣿
ˮߵһׯ԰
شһΣˮǰׯ԰ռǰһȽϴѧУ࣬滮ԺӣԺ󣬽ʩ࣬¥㶼㣬ÿ㶼Ǻܸߵ֣ÿ㶼ʮ׶ߣǰЩ¥ܰоѹ֡
ţ⣬⡣
ˮЦ˵ĵطǰĵضһ޴ıֵ޷ݣׯ԰ļֵҲǾ޴ġ
ȫµģܸɾǸǾ˴ɨ
ʱͰķ֤ʲôĶˮ֤ЧʱûЧǸͨסܿͨ˲֪ʲôʱͻʧҲܿͻΪһ˵סֻҪʵû֤û˸㡣
ڱ
ͱݲһݶǿһ֮أһһ̫ˣһԵֵסСһˣɼݶ󣬻ӴľǺ
ֻǱһǣжٳǻ治֪Ҳ֪ǰһǰСһЩȽһǿߺȥĵ飬̫ˣûȥоˣٳǳأŮһЩǰ˭о˭ɵ档
ˣЦˮ˵лл㣡
ˮЦˣлʲô
ҲˣڼܲԲųȥģζ̫ˡ
еʧ˵
㸸ĸܺãЩʱڴʵܶ˶ԵúôúãԽʵǿ󣬵ܹƽһ㲻˳ģȻ̫ƽˡ
ˮЦ˵
еѵû˳ĵ𣿡
Զǲģо仰мҼбľû˳ĵˣ˻ȱݲȱݲΣһվߣʲôʲôƺܿͻ巳ɱѾоûʲôڴģû׷󣬾ֻһˣ˷·ϣҰޣҲԼĴڸС
̫ˣ
治˼˵
ʵһЩеӽˣЩֽԣһطǿߣǮȱŮ˲ȱҪ˯˭˯˭Ҫʲôʲô˾ͻʵЩ˻Ŀģ˵ǻ׷󣬱Ϊطǿߣǿߣϲֽԣݻҵ𡣡
㳶Զˣϲ
죬ѵÿɰһչֳ
ţϲ
ˮЦ˵
ԽԽˣˣǿôǵľ¥ðɡ
ЦŴΧһС
ұҵľ뻹Щģ֮ǰǳ޷ģ˺ܾãҲǧ֮ˡ


2036 ¥ҵү
Ĵһ£ˮоǿԺܿÿģɾ׼˺ܶණֱڸҩ˺ܶһЩҩݣɾóһЩ׼õĻܡ
տʼ׼̫еһ¥¥ȫģЩ뿪˻϶ˣ൱ڰҡ
ﻹҪ򵥵װһ£һ£֮ǰơ
һ滹ǺܿĵģϾܰѾ¥ǣҲһ㣬ͬҲһ㣬һλҲľ˱仯ǾҪǿȻֻǼһߡ
ˮлҵһЩ￪Ŷʱ䣬׼㹻ˡ
ҵ飬淢һ΢ı仯Ƕˮ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ˿ӵĳˣһ˵ʣһֶĸо
ˮûʲôҪ԰ʱ׼ˣʹˮҲ濪磬ľ¥ҵٿ
ľ¥ҵˡ
æ죬ȻеĵطҪĽǿҵˡ
һǰңкܶ壬ϾҲһ壬ֺҵ˻Ǻܶġ
ˮӴˣﲻ죬Ӵ
ҵˣ
ʱˮ£ͻȻ˵
һ˵ˮҺҵıȶȴүӭȢӡ
ǿǸүҲڣǷϵ𣿡
ϵҲܳ˵ϲϵ˭֪ء
ǸǿϧˣСôõŮȴҪôһˡ
СмԴ
ͬѵ
ˮǰдͷǸˣܿ࣬׳һˣȴһɫ԰׵ˣһֲ̬İףҽĿԿȡ
ˣ
񶡺ЦǸΪֶ˵һơ
ã
΢Ц񶡺״к
岻þͲˡ
񶡺Ц˵
һȻһǶ˶ˣ񶡺ʱ˵ǹģʵǴûϲοңٺܲˬ
壬ûˣ涼Ǵԣأȥġ
ǿЦ˵
񶡺û˵ٴ˵֣ѣСŮСС֣лǰ
һ˿ζߣһʹŮɪʲô
ҵҲˬҲΪֵò죬񶡺ʵֻǸˣ鲻ֵûҰĵһõ˶ûС
뵽ЦЦ˽ȥ
ʱҲհһˣ߽ٿ棬βס̰Ц߹ȥã
¶βס񣬲Ц岻ͲҪˡ
ˮһԿЦˣ֮ǰ񶡺׸ո˵ˣûϬ
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ˮ˵һȻͲ˵ˡ
ݵɫѿʾûаٷ˭ҲүϵͻȻǣˮϹҿ㣬Ȼܲҵġ
Ŀ٣Ӧǿſ١
ˮһҲ˵Ǹҽʦҿȷĸ㣬Ǹ׵ķˣϲҲûá
Ŀˮɫˣһɿ񱩵ŭƵɢ־ˮĲץȥ
Сһġ
ץ֣еʵģҲеʵѣˮֱһȭȥ
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ү˵ɳȥֱſſڣһ
ſܶˣүһΧ˺ܾȵģǣүȻûʲôʵ˭ôĴүһӺܶ˶ڹۿǺηʥʵ̫ˬˡ
ܿҾ֪ү˭ˡ
үûлԣ԰һޱԹĿˮʱ֮ǰҵǸˣһѾүˣһ֮Ѿٷ
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˻ɤӣ˵Ļ˺⡣
ġ
˵
񶡺ɫҲǺѿǵĿˮķʱû˵ʲô˹֪ʱ˵ʲôҲûá

񶡺ûʣˮ֪ʵѾˣЦ˵õģ˸ô򡣡


2037 ɱ޻֮
ȻҪˣˮЦ񶡺˵
񶡺ʵ֪ˮжǿ󣬲֮ǰɽˮˣ˵ˮִϣ˭ó˵ʵҲǺֲܿ˵ֶκֲܿ
ˮվǸˣҲ˭￪ҵϲ¡
ĳôоЦһ£ǺЦ
ŭЦ
ү֮ǰѾܶˣô˿ţұһѹסôҵͶˡ
ˮΪϣ򿪣ǲ£ҲҲգҺԼˮҲ£ǵʵ
ˮ⼸Ѿ˽ⱱһֻⱱСĳǳ֮һҲǸӿ϶ˮŵľģԲ죬һҪȡ
һͲоЦˣСĲǣҲ࣬ҾǿĴڿҵοһǶһҶʲôõģʱڶûлᣬ֪ôġ
ˮƽ˵
ɫˣȻǱŴģǱŵסˣЩвޣЩ˳˳ʱܾˣо仰ʢ˥˳·ߵʱ䳤ˣҲῲһ
ԵŻ㣬壬ҲҪԭҹ·߶˿Ҫײģ棬үҵһҪΪһķҳʲô⣬ش⣬֪ʱǻ᲻ڡ
ˮ˵ת˻
һʱò⣬һʱ䲻֪ôֵĸоĿٲ֮أָоʵ
壬㲻ҪסǸʲôɱҪ
үʱĽе
ûб˵һ飬һϱˡ
ˮĿֱӶү
үˮĿһӴһ£һΧ˶ڿԼԼҵүԼ¹˭ҾͲһëûСܺҿ
ҪһҪСҴңˣҽҪץȥһġ
үʱŴС
֮ǰ̫ˣǸĺǿˣҵ鱾Ѿ˵ˣֱ˴һеԹ޶㵽ˮϣϣΪˮġ
ˮһϵһֱһٵĺ
Լĺ췢صܿ͵
Χܰţҵ˱ɱˣҵһܶ˶ɱˣǷҲҵˣǼӣҾǲģҲļ֮һ
ˣҲүŭĿˮΪԶˣ
˭ҾͻѾˣ˼޹붯֣Ҳӭ
ˮЦſˡ
ûиҲ޷ˣҾָˡ
֣صˮ˵
㲻Ҷ֣ȻʵȰ㻹ǲҪˣȻֻȡ衣
ˮҡҡͷ
ҲĶ֣ҲʲôҲҵˡ
˻
ˮԷǾҵʱе˵ģһεˣܺûһˣֻǿϧˡ
ְɣҲɱ㣬ͰѽһʵĸңʲôҶš
˶ˣеĳĴ̳磬һĹΣɢһѹƵһٶȺܿ죬ˮǰĿ콣죬ȴֲִ̿͵Ŀ콣
ү忴ҵĵλͣʵ񶡺׻ҪһЩҪʵսǿڽŲĻˡ
ˮ˷ȻҪסԷǾֱӵֶƷԷ
֣
δˮѾס˶ԷݵѣΣˮѸٵĽ壬ͬһʱӹӡѾ
ˮֶ̽ĳ־ͽ˵̫ѨȻûôȻֱˣȻһ˵ʺһѪѾ
ֻҪˮǰͽһͿԸ˵ĺ
㲻ҵĶ֡
ˮ˵ջسֱӸǸˡ
Χ˶һ۾ƺʱԵڵϣ𺳣үʵҲһȻһҲһӴ֣һǧһʮϣǵ˿ڱǰйҵ˿ڼܶ౶ǺССġ
һǿߣûκλ֮˭ˮɱү˵ǲѴ֮ʲôͷڶڲ²˵
ˮ֪Ժ󲻵ҪãҪƤƤҲҪʵܳԼǿĻƤľָڿ˵רҵƤˡ


2038 Ҳ
үججĽסԼĳз·ʲôһǰһֹǳױˣˮǰǿɽôүˣҲоΣڴ½죬ʱ˵ԣ⡣
үҲһһû뵽ǽǰȻооһҲȴˣζܲˬ
л飬ҿ뿪𣿡
үڶֻ겻ᡣ
Ȼ⣡
ˮ˵˻ȥ
үүʬ뿪ˣɣȴѾرѹ֣֮ǰôˡ
ͬҲһЩǰϵ
󲿷˲ûôһðյľٶҪˣôںˮϵǾǵңǰϵðյĳɷ֡
ðգҪðӵķգϾˮչֳʵһʵˮȫЩˣʵˮҲϵϵˮֱӼ򵥴ˣûҪ˼
ƽҲܿģ֪ˮʵֲܿˮҲһäĿ񶡺еµѾûѡֻˣҺŸϵϵˡ
˶صϣȻǾ¥ȾƾҪвˣ˱ƸҪһǰȻûļˣ˻Ǻܶ໹ͷģ¥ǿԵġ
һ˵Ȼ˿ڷҲǺþƣˮɾصģɾڵĿռ̫ˣźܶ־ƣ̫ˣϾеط
Ժ󣬾¥ζƮȥԶܶ˶Ǿ¥ҲΧźܶˣ֪¥ҵлѳԺȣܿ¥ˣſмӣȥһ̲˺һơ
һܿ˳ӣûȻԴ󱥿ڸ
ˮûȥ˭һ±ѧҲоԷϣ½ǿľ¥жص䷽
ҵ飬֪һ᲻ʲôķʽˮ֪һͻ
ʱһȥ¥ҵպܺã嵭֮ǰɱүѹ֣ΪĴ½ղɱ˸ˣȴʲôҲûУţȾƣҪǰ类ˡ
һֱ֮һ˾¥ҵˣ
ʮǰÿһǿߣΪ׵һߣҲһˣͺˡ
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ŶӵһɢЦǼһᵱɱǵģˣ˸ž¥˵һЩҲ뿪ԺȵĲˣҲǶԷңֻˣҪ֪ҲͷˣϧֻˣúܶˣҲ̫
Ҳµˣһӵܶˣ˵Щʲôʲô´ȥЩ˻ǵƨƨߵհ졣
ˮ滹мҵ˳¥ҲǿҵˣŶǸΪ׵ߣˡ
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ڣΪһЩѨַͿԳƤң̫СˣҲʲô˶۸ġ
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µɣҽţǾ仰һ崫вףΪһһνңʱ˶ܺڽ
ˮֿЩҵˡ
үүȥɱһСëװʲôˡ
һ˵
ֹ˿ˮҼҵǸˣҺ֮ǰԼսҲȡˣһ˶ϡ
ô˶ϣ
ˮʵ
峡Һ㻹㱳ҡ
峡̫ˣ鷳һӮˡ
ˮЦ˵
Īս˶û𣿡
ãԸ֪Ҫʲô
ˮЦ˵
˾ҪǸ󱲳
˵
Ҫأ
ˮЦʵ
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˻˵
Լ֮ҵˣˮźô֮ǰоǿˣǰǸˣʵˮеļ£ˮое㲻ôȻ˵ԼˣԼ군ˣҴҲ군ұҵĵ̷ḻ̫ˡ
ˮоôΪһʱҲʵĲսѡ񶡺ףûкʵĲչԱ
񶡺εҡҡͷҴûкʵˡ
ֲһ˵ȢȢ಻һ㰡


2039 չɱ۵
һںȶ֮ǰһ̽ԼһɱԼɱԼǾԲģɱҲԼʵ
ˮ뵽С裬ҪڵֲܿԼʵھͿȲʤȯΪ˱Сûκ⡣
ʤսˣ޺ͱħһһκδᣬڵʵſֲС趼й֮޲
뵽ˮҲͷЦſ棺һˡ
ҿ𣿡
濴ˮȵ˵
ʱҵޣӦû⡣
ˮЦ˵
񶡺û˵ʲôµѾ͸ˣоõĴ㣬ڵʲô㣬ˮ룺ʣµҪɣ
񶡺׵ʵҲǲսԸˮ治뷢ʲôˮ룺ʵӦñȲʵǿһЩ
ǵģҲûд磬᲻£
񶡺׵ǵʵ
ģ治κ飬ֵģ޾սʤ֡
ˮ϶˵
ɣ
һȴеϵ
ף
үү
񶡺׺澪ȵվˣǿĵ߹ȥ˵ĸ첲ܿġ
ˮҸܣүүǼүүˡ
濪ĵ˵
˵Ѿͷ˵仰ʱҲҪҲڵʱɣ
񶡺׳Ŀ˵
ٺ٣ڲڶһʵ
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ǸˣеͣǺһذ׵ӣͨȴ¶ǿһˮЦˣϳ㹻ˡ
ˮû뵽ҾȻһǿߣΨһźߵԪûмûӦûаҵԪ
ˣҼģѾͷһҺܿģϧңҲˡ
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үү㲻ҪģһԽԽõġ
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õ㸸ףϧԵĹң̫أ˲˵Щˡ
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֪ԼĴ㣬⼸ҪСģѾͷҲҪСġ
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֮ǰˮ˵˵һЩ֮񶡺ײûʲô֣һȻƺҲ֪ʱû˵ʲôɼҲ֪˵ǲŤתġ
ˮΣɫһ䣬ԾĿˮ֪ˮҽǿ󣬵û뵽ǿ̶ȣϲ˵үүİ
ԣ˵ҵҽǿġ
ˮЦЦ
Լллˡ
΢΢ҡҡͷ
ˮ֪ǲţˮҲûжͣȱȶˣԼһ£˻˺ģʵǿΪº͡
˵ʲôˮɫû˵ʲôˡ
˵һȶ飬˾뿪ˡ
ˮھ¥ׯ԰ס¡
ˮκүү𣿡
ʱʵ
İɣҼȻ˵Ȼ
ˡ

ʱ֮ˮ͸͸޺棬״̬ʱҲŮģƯһŮһ˫쳣۾
ʱˮԶʲôҲûʶѾ˼Ӱ
̿ͣ
̿䣬ֱۿǿģˮʶ֮ʶĿˮǹһ˿΢ЦӰһֱʧԭء
ӰѾ뵽ׯ԰
ˮ֣ĵǱȥԷĸģԽԶ
һˣое㲻ͷʱˮһֻסĺȻֱӸɴһŤ
ҴˮͲ֣ˮۣｫҲˮļңҴļֱ
Щ˵ʵǲǿˮڴ̿͵Ŀ̫ˣƣҲЩ˵ù
ˮɵĽ˸㶨Ȼûֱ˸ɾ͵ʲôҲûзֱӻصɾȥˡ


2040 ͭţһү
ˮûȥЩʲôģҲ֪û˻ôԸԼƽˣһֱˮųûʲô仯ƽһҹ¥ҵӪҵ˵һ㶼죬вٲ죬ۿۣɱۣˮѾȫһ죬ͿʼӪҵˡ
Щ鶼¥𣬲ǲǰҪӲܽȥЩˮʣôô㡣
Ǯܸߣ¥׬ȡЩ˵ǮƵģԼǮöĵͣͬʱҲΪЩǿǰ
ǿ߶Ǯġ
ˮ治ȱǮҲ˵ǮĻ꣬绨Ǯĵطܶ࣬ܶණҪܶܶǮĶǮ򲻵ģ󲿷ֶҪǮ
첻񶡺ڣҵĺܶ˶ڣɽԼֵܣˮоҵе仯ǰ񶡺ףΪڵ棬˵Ϊˮ
Ȼĺ͸ܲܶȹһػҪˮģˮУҾˣҲûˡ
˵ƭ˵ģܶˮˮ֣޹ȥʲôҲûˣϧ˵ʲôҲˣֻˮʤˮҲ
ܽҴ򵹣ҲκʧˮǴߣҵλá
Խ󣬻Խ
ʱҵˣԷԼսǩֵģҲһʽǩˣǰĺͬһͺϷˣΥһܵԼͬȺ֮
ˮȻԥǩ֣ʱ֣֮ʱ֮ǰص·Ĺ㳡̨

ˮʵգвʱķɹȺ࣬ʱмܸߣҲߴߴܶвСһľ硣
ˮԼԼҵһ˸ȥ·Ķ̨
үӵǺܿƺܿģû˿ģˮҲܾȣ˼ǶԼģǶԼġ
·㳡̨ɽ˺ҺҶڣкܶˮ֪ļһʱ䶼֪ҺһҪȶ˺һģҪɱү
ߵڵλãھ뿪ʼȶһʱ䡣
һαȶļ֤һͭţͭһϵɣ˲Ǻܶ࣬ͭһֹϵеǰɮ˵ʵģκξܸߣԲ˭Ƕͭӡ
һվ̨ϣĺܿ࣬ݸ㣬һ˫۾ֱȻǸߣǺϣΧ˵Һıȶ֤ȶ˫Э̣ҺҲԤһ˫Э̡
ϣҪҪ˵䡣˵꿴Զһˡ
ãһ˾͹ˣҾͲ˵ˣҶ֪ҺеڣҷģҲʲôС֮¡
ЦЦͰˮǸȥ
ˮûүȥϾԼɱģȻҲΪҵ顣
˿ˮʤ˲ʱ
û⣬˭ȳأ
ˮЦʵ
ǩһҵ̨Ļ´Զ̨
˵
ˮͷ˭ȳᱻˮں˵Ը̨ϿʹκֶΣް
ͷǿʼǩɣ
ǩܼ򵥣дһȣһ󣬺ܲҵˮ鵽ȳ
ֱ˵һɣ
үүɡ
˵
ϣҶûлˣүүˣսһΰɡ
˵ֱӳڶ̨ϡ

ǿүӡ
ǰΪүҲʢһʱǺ˵˼˰Ҳˣ˰
磬˵һ˭֡
иߵһ˵
˵ߴһϽӣĲرĸߴ࣬һȳƵ޳ɢ֮
ɣͷӮܣ˵ǸһӮһӮ
߶ҵˣʱȤĿŶ̨˵
濴ӮֻǾǲ˽ǸˣͷǸçײˣܸо͸Ρ
Ͻӵü˵
ΪһصӣϣһֺͰĳ߸о
֮ǰ˵˳ƤûʲôʵڿûҪؼûеһҺȷʵһ㡣
һ㣿
˵Ҳ˾ͿԸҡ
߻˵
磬Ҳ̫˰ɣǻģ˵һ˿һ˽ҸҲֲ̫˰ɡ
Ͻ߹Źֵ˵
ҵĸоĿţͿԼ
ߺǿ϶˵


2041 һˣڶʼ
үӸȥûжãһ˾ͳ˶̨ϣһ׳ˣҪһ㣬һصϢǿҡ
壡
ǸЦ˵
֪᲻ͷɱ֣
Ͻӵ̨˵
˵Ǹȶµɱ֣ʲôҲ˵ɱ֣ܣҵ³һܲңһһɱ֣ΪһҰˣΪɱֶ˵ԭ¡
Ҿ֪塣
ү΢Ц˵
ͷǵ˺ܾãûһӮңһ㻹޷ӮңôҪֱɣ
Ц
ǰ䣬һ䣬ǰӮӮ
үóһѳ˵
ãҲһˣͺúñȶһҲΪɱ˰

ǿδأԺҲһͱһúá
ͷŵ˵
úã¼°ɡ
óһѵȻͷͷʾԿʼˡ
ˮ˫򶷾ڶ̨ϣˮܿͷĶ̨⣬ʯһĽǿʯͷˮǰϧʯͷʯ޷սףֻڽ
õĽʯͷ𣬿򡭡
˫һѸٵĽսһˮ˫ٶүӵĳ棬
ĵҲǶ̵ᵶȻʽԵҲߵٶȣһֺܿ˫ʹʮУֻĶ˫ڶ̨ѸٵĽˡ
ˮĿţүӵʵףԷʵԱүҪǿһЩҪȡʤҲҪһʱ䣬ҲСʤ
սʤʤСʤʤʤʤ
СʤʵҲȽȣʤԼҲԪʧʵʣ²һ룬֮һʣս֮ǰ֮һ
ʤǿʣ°ٷʮҵսʤʣ°ٷְʮϵսʤɱԷ
СʤҲǾʱȽϳģõʱױ̡
ڿүҪģҪģˮҲܶ϶ϾֲĹһ˲ͻıս֡
үӵĳһһ㲨һĽЩ޿ײȥ
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ɫҲһׯأеĵҵӶΣһ֣ǺһһǰһҪ죬үӵĽ֮ʱһ
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֪ٵĵһնүӵĽ֮ϡ
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үӰˣȻûΣգˣˣƺҲˡ
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ˮҡҡͷ²£ȸһ¡ˮ˷ԪѸٰҽһ
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ӮһսܿģӢ䲻֪ԼΪʲôôôģǰϣںžˮıʲôڡ
˶ֻ̨ҪӮһͿˣͷˣ֪˭ܲչǸӮһΣֻҪٴӮһͿԡ
Ӣ䲻֪һǲǸ̨еڴһս
棬סҵĻҪȥսıϲҪ
ˮ棬ص˵
ͷֱڿıϣˮԼʹá
СѾͷĺƯ
Ӣ俴˵
Ϊϲ𡣡
涼ˣҼһ͵ߣѾܾˣĿģȴû뵽һΪϲ
µֻ޴ľͷȻ䣬ûӢоʲôѹɫľ޴ޣֻ޵Ӣһᣬƺ׼սʱְֻն
Сְɡ
Ӣɵ֮ǰѾӮһ֪һӮΪԼ֪ӦֻϣҲд
Ӣ鴤ԼնѪһѩ׵ĳһֵѪɫͼ
гԼһֻޣһֻԵҲԹȫޣǿǿ󣬷ǿٶҲ
гԼıħܡ
ħһӢɫˣ޻֪ģһħܻӮӢһħҲӢµģӢһ˵ͱħսһӮҪޡ
ˮǿıħܣǸѱıħʵҪһ롣


2042 ߸
ҲֱӾñħܳ֡

һž޴ıһĶŶȥǱħܵһ幥ĹĿᱬըըöٶȼγɱ
һʵõĹʤٶȿ죬ҲҪǱħܵһص㣬֮һĸĹɵ˺
ҲñħܳΪ˲õޡ
ȻǺܶ࣬ǿԼ㹥ˮĴѨʲôģʵҲǱ˺ӱˮ̫ˣ޾͸ˡ
½ܶҲ˺Ǹ̫ˣ˵֮һʮ֮һ
Ӣıſھһž޴ĻѸٵӭǱ
ˮݡ
ӢıʵҲǺǿҲޣħֻ޵ҪһЩȴǺܲˣҼ޻Ǻϵεġ
ʱ޵׻ѾӢϡ
ӢﰵȻǿϵޡ
Ѿ˾ֻһҪȳȻʱԽԼԽǲ
Ѫ磡
һѪӢΧƣƺӰģһ޴ѪӰ߳һ֮ޡ
εѹܴǿֱסޣһ̵ƺ޷ж
ƣ

ͻȻϹʢһɫ׵Ӣȥ

ʱӢƺһγֱӵסɫ׵磬ס޵׻
䣡
ˮҲһ飬ڵʵֵסӢһˮˣû֣о޵׻Եֵһ޵׻û֮ǰǲֵġ
޷һܿһȦȦɫ׵γ֡
׵޵ǿѸ߳ϵơ
ˮɿûͺãڲӢһΣȻҪ군ˡ

һ˿˵һֵֺܴܴ˿ѸٵӢȥ
һȴѩ˿
סˣ˿Ҳˮ֪һǺѶܵģҲˮйõǿ󣬺ֲܿ
ӢһҲ֪µĲ棬ҲǱħܣ֮ǰųǸޣ֪ˣҪˣ֩ϡ
նѪѩ·͸Ѫһҵһն
Ѫն
ޱȼ͵˿նˣˮȻû棬սǿԲģһǲ룬Ҫϵʱ
ͨӢս򵥵Ľ־֪ĺǿʵǿǿ޺ǿ似ҲǿҪԼСһεսе

ն˿ȻܷŭǾŸͷֲ޺ȻͿ׳˿Ӣ޲ȥ
ˮЦˣʱǸʱ֪ᣬ޴֡
Ӣն֮ǰ˿˱ɱȻͨϱնһ˿ҲҪʱ䣬ǵص˿ĸо뿳ˡ
ͻȻ۾һȻͿһ
׻
˵˿Ǻ»ģ˿ɲһ˿׻ǿҲκβ˿
޵׻ϵ
޵ĹôǼ٣Ҫʱ䣬ϵޣֻҪҪһʱ䣬޵ͳˡ
Ǳħܵı̫ǿˣһ˫˺ӢޱȵܣҪмǿķ߱ͱˣҲıˣҲˡ
ʵǿ㹥ҲʮûйֻǼ򵥵ĲסԷܲˡ
չֵúܶˣʲôޣȻֱӢһ˿û˻ɿֱסˣϰٸӢǿߣһֻ޾ס
ܶ˶ˣˣҵɫˣӢʵ֪رƻϣ˿޷ƻҶֻޣ³ʲô
䣬䡣
Ӣ˵ٲҪɰӻ
濴ˮˮǵͷɿӢˮȻɱүҲԼսûĴ㽫ȫɱҺܶ฾ûΪģȫɱˮ͸Լնݳɱ顣
ҲǼҴҵʵΪһүԼģοûԼ
ڶһʤѾû˼Ϊ֮ǰֻ޾ͿҺް취
ĿѾȫǵˮƽ̫ˣҿֺܿģڿһӵƣǿʵҪˣǸˣң
ʵܶ˶ֻ֪֩ӦòģģǾֻһˮġ
һʤһܣҪʼˡ
ˮһվ˶̨ϣһθһ̨


2043 սѪʮɱ
ʤˣԷҼʵߵļ֮һ֮ھͻѼ֮λȥǷһһļ䡣
Һܿģƽ񶡺׺үӣүӣƺһҲֺ;ȣƺһо͸ˡ
ȣҶǱסѾоûʲôɱˣ۽ӮѾûʲôˣ֪Ľ֣һҪǸܼϧûкҩ
ˮվ̨ûжã߳һˣĺܸߣǺ׳Ҳݻȴ˺˫Ŀ񣬶Һ˧ȴ˸о
μ硣
ΪʵѾڵļʱĲܳأȴս⣬ƺûб֮ǰסһֱǰơ
磬룡
ɴˮɵĸ߿һۣ˵ǿҲǿԸһ̨׵ġ
ˮ룡
ǵľţܶ岻ĽΣĽҺˣĽ磬ǵʵѾʶǿļڡ
ϣűǿͦһξ룬Ǳ׵ĴڣǿǵĵλҲΪҵλߣǰĳУбû⣬һͻͻλߡ
ˮֱг޺С裬Ȼǻ죬Ҫʵȫˣñһ˼ܣҲһЩ鷳
Сһܶˣܶ˶֪СǱħܸӿֲĴڣǴ֩벻һޣˮ֪ڵСӦǲġ
˸оСǿӦòСĹޣǿֲĹĲ
ֻú˵ɫ䣬ܶ˲ʶޣϾͷ̫СˣȻһŶ΢ͷ֪ǿֲޡ
ĸо֪Լûа취Ϊ򲻹ֻ裬䣬Ҫȥս
һ޶ûС
ˮҲûС޳֣Լȥ
ؼ̤
Ǿ̤ͻƺսǹѾԺˮ൱ֲľǼѣΣһˮһĶӡ
µĶ̨ƺһɣͣĲһɹɵ˺ѵڶ̨ϱ
ӰȻԾгһѾ޴ĽɫĴ󵶣ֵ͸Ӻ񣬾ǰѸһЩܹ죬ܱأȴǿܿ񱩡
Ǹ
޴ĸƺޱȵӯ޸һѪĻۣ֯һ
Ѫ
·𶼱޸˺ˣˮӰĲģ̫ںںϰ˼ȭȲϵʩչʲôʽ˵ѾûʽֶޱȾʽ
ˮֹĴ޴ĸӵĵϣȽϱĵطһӾͽ⸫ͷƫӰȻһͻȭ첲һһֱȭ˳ȥ
ˮȭҲǺܸߵģڵĴֻҪʵǳ̫ģѾ˵һ־磬ǿľ·ѹյһݡ
һǲѹյģԽ֮ƣԼѹյһݣʱͺĻöԷܵشǾ磬־ǿ˲
ǴͨĿǰˮԶԶﲻִͨϾ˺ܶ࣬Ҫܴﵽ־磬ʵҲޱȵĿֲʵûʲôʵֻпֲľ磬ֿ⶯Էֵָʵ
練ӦҲǺܿ죬Ӱ΢΢һպö㿪ˮһֱȭˮʱһҵĴ˹ȥ
ƺ֪ˮͣеľ޴սѾ֮䡣
ԣ
ˮ˾޸ϣ޴ˮ˵Ҫ˺ܶ࣬һײˮӰˣǺӰһĳˮ
һն
޴ĸӱѪɫ·պһ㣬ޱȵѸٵն£նٶȻޱȡ
֪ˮʽٶȺܿ죬Ψһȱƺ㣬ԼƾԼǿֻܶ࣬ɣѣֻҪϣͲܷ
Ѫʮɱ
ץסʱһһ㣬˺;޸Ϊһ壬һˮµ޸Ӱӣеı·ܼ
Ź
ˮ۾һĺܲˣҪǻᣬޱѵĴԣ֪Ƕֶһϲת£ܷӳʵǺѵá
ˮÿһζܴеطıλãûʹȫʵһЩͨڵٶ޷㹻ʱжԷĴλ
һᣬˮ֪ýˣһţָһȻ
֣


2044 ܵһͿҵ
еһֱӽˮֱ룬ٶȿ˲ţһ

Ĺٶȸ죬ұѰĹҪߵĶ࣬һӵĹԪһɽţӷˮľ֮ںС
ۣ
Ŀλãһٴζԭأ֮ǰһѾˮĹһ㣬һ죬ַңľһ
޻֮ˮָȭȲϵϣ֮ͣĸ첲˫嶼Ѿһģһڶ̨ϣһ
ˮ֣ϲմһ˿ĿȻһž
Ұˣ
˷ŵ
ǰˣܵһͿ
˭ֲ̫ˣû˿Ļ֮ʲôƺܼ򵥣ȴôЧ

ۺܶ࣬ˮЦңǸܵƺ˺ܶ࣬ˮ˵Ұˣʲô˵ɣȫܡ
ˮ֪ϼһܽƻҲܴڳӣѾû˻ᣬˮһ仰飬˵ڵǲǴ£ǲǱһֱʧˮһ仰顣
̬ܸⷬһ·ʵˮûҪ֮ǰҲûɱ֣֪תԼ̬һҪȷҪ
ΪУһʱп뿪Ҳ鷳뱻鷳ѣܺõѣһ𿪾¥ҽݣܴʵûҪһﶷһ۽ſһ㣬Ҳһ·һЩ˶جһĴڡ
ˮƽ˵֪Щ֪˵ʲô˼Щ鲻˵ôҶ֪˵̫˷á
˵ǣ⣬ԺʲôֻҪԸһ£һ쵽
˹˵
㵹ǻϣҲûҪô˵ʵûаǵɵˣЩ˱ȣ̫ˣҲûа취棬Ϊ˸ߴǿҽݵģǾ˵ģҲǲܺͱ˴ʵƣΪǿΣߴʤҲǾһЩΪ֪ļ壬һͨ˶ҼΡ
ˮƤرǳƤõʱ
ΨΨŵŵˮĻƴӣȻˮ˺ܶ࣬ǴΪʦΪȣ˲оˣˮǿˮǰ

ˮصûҳʲôûҪκκô˿ʵˮ϶ԷĶҲˮĪ
ˮһķĿ̫꣬ܲΪ֪ˮͺڱȵõĳϣȻͨΧĵ
ˮûȥңǻص˾¥ҺܶҲȥþҪҵˣˮҪҽ֮ϣԼҽ֮ڱ졣
Ϊˮԭ򣬵λҲһӱúܸߣܶ˶ҪݷˮˮҽƵЩ˶κϵ˭ˮĹϵһ㡣
ĸƾӹ񶡺׷Ҳǳ˺ܶĽĶүرĿģ˾¥˲پơ
ϴһԷˮҲʲôӣһ˱ϾʱޣЩҪ˰æȻôȻʵģϾļˡ
ˮүưƺõʱүӶţԪٿԶʮ꣬еİϻõ˸ƣϤ
һֱţȴķˣ𺳣ˮֻƾܰһЩԪںܶط㣬֪Ϊʲôˮѡ
ˮ֪ܻչ߷ɵһ죬һ벻ķۣһҺܶ࣬ҲʲôҲΪꡣ
ƺһ˵
ˮ֪ûƽʱҪѡ
˼ңҲʲôԺҸĻᣬ߶ԶҪԼġ
֪ﲻĶϣǺǣǸĵӡ

ڶÿҵú;¥ţ¥ѣοţˮֻˣ淴Ҫȥӭӿˣҵ˶ڡ
ڣҵҲˣˣһſڰдˣһúܶ˴һﵱһȵģû˸ź򣬾Ҳңʶˮ˭ôһεĿҵޱȵĺгֲרҾ㹻ˡ
ǶͽˮаæԺܿͰϯʲôŪˣȻܶ˶ˮ˺һȦƣ˵˲٣Ҳÿˡ
ˮȻˣûʲô͹أһжӣ˰æһαҪѵģû뵽ᷢ飬һҲǺɵĿˡ


2045 󻢣۱
֪һ¹ȥˣˮúľ¥Ѿ죬ˮϻоƣȻһµʱ䣬ʹ˳ȥΧĳǳҲ֪ú
Ϊʱԭƺõһ㣬ľӪģʽѾ֮ǰӷʽƣӷֺüȼͼĵȼֻԼһԣԴˣһֻһΡ
΢һȼӿԴһˣһܿΣڸһȼģԴˣÿܿΣڷȥߵȼҲǿԴˣÿΣû˿ÿ춼һΡ
һʼˮˣΪ׬ǮԾͶƶȣԸĴһεļǮ̫ߣͨ˲ֻи̾޼ԼߺһЩ˲Ż
ˮҪľӰץסһЩ˵θҲǺҪģԽΪθԽ𣬿Ը㴫ȥԶʱӰǿǰԴãҲԴˣҪ鱨Ѽ¥˴󲿷ֶ̽鱨̽ԸһЩ
ڱ磬ǵܴ󣬸ҽΪܶ˶ƣͨ˺ܺõӵõ˺ܶܶࡣ
һµʱ䣬ˮûиʲôӰƣϾһµʱ̣ܶȻˣôԼҽʦҩʦȻȥã˵Ųţ˭֪ˮǿ˭ȥ鷳ǸǿˣĵͶ·޷ҽε£ȥԣƽʱֻҪͲȥˮ
ҲΪʲôڵԭӵģǲһγԷĻᣬһҪˣҲȥ뿴ʲôӡ
ĿںܵͣÿûжˣʱԽԽ࣬Ϊ﷢ȥҲԽԽ࣬ӵȡʽҪǮöҩݵʲôԣֻҪﵽͿԻӦӡ
ҩݻҲ֣Ͼ֪ò֣ҪҩݣҴóöǺܼ򵥵ģˮµģʵˮŪһЩ֮Ķǿʯʲôģķɽһϡ
²ݡб֦׵Ϻ׵ģˮǲǿҲѼ
öԻӣӳԷҲҪǮԽǵͼӾԽԽ߼ķԽˣ߼ÿѳһ١
֮⣬öǰֻҪﵽѳһʱ䣬ͨҲǰԡ
˵ˮǰ컹һͨõһ۱衣
ˮͨ˳Ϊһ֣ǳΪһôӵģԷԡ
ͨ˽д󻢣ʮ꣬һʵͽһˣͨֻһĸףŮҲûУĸ׳в֮ǰˮƹһΣ˺ܶ࣬һҲΪ˱ˮ԰Ѽһֱˮ
ˮʱе㲻˼ϾⶫȻǼĴұ˿ʲôҲǣǱ˸Ǯһ٣Ծû
汲˵ǱԾˮˣϾǮҲ١
ˮʱûʲôӿڲ̳ӣҪ˵ĵطźܶԪͼΪ¾ɵԭ˵һοģһǲġ
ϴΣϴɾﲢմʲô೾֮Ķ
ˮͨǾ۱ʱסˣΣⶫǸҪһּҲҪѪϸҪ۱ˮĺܶණһǷһ࣬۱赽ʲôãҪԺ֪
ʱˮûж룬ʴԸԸøɻϲȻԸ⣬ĸ׽ׯ԰͸һСͥԺ
ˣûʲô츳ֱһ𵤣˲ǮЩ·ĸҲЩԵʲôóÿ¥Ķ͵Ϳˡ
¥ﲢȫģʵˮÿ춼Ķʮ¶һ٣öԣٶٳԣҪһʱһ٣Żζ
󻢵Ҫˮͷˮסˣ󻢣ұ󣬲ͽҴˡ
磬лл㡣
󻢺˷ܡ
úѧãһҵҽʦǳʱһЩҲ㣬Ҫúѧ
ˮЦ˵
磬ӱѧ
ֵ˵
㲻ȱ˱úѧ㲻ͷأȢĸǲǺ뿴ɼҡ
ˮЦ˵
ͷأҲȢӣĸ׵Ȳһ졣
˵ˮ
ҿԱ֤ĸһܿܿ㺢ӳɼҵǸҽʦҡ
ˮЦĴ󻢵ļ


2046 ô
仰ֱô󻢵û˵ллĺ˶֪˵ллʵ̫αˡˮݶΪˮҪҲĸԸ
˴󻢻ĸף󻢵ĸʵǺܴ󣬲Ϊв˲ٿ࣬Աͬ˿ҪϺܶࡣ
ˮκò·ǰܶ࣬ϾҲʮ꣬½֣ʮᣬ˵ߣͨҲġ
ãˮָҲԽԽˡ
źô󻢣ˮһֱûо۱裬меˣ֪ȥˡ
ˮó۱úоʵҪҲҪʮ㾫ѪмҪÿΰε£мһӡӺӡ
ˮɹ󣬾۱跢ҫ۵Ľ⣬ЩԪǽɢһݻĽ֮ˮˡ
ˮһ۱ֱӱܱúܴȻˮ۱ôڵľ۱辳绹ܵ͡
۱ǷǹıҪĹЧǾ۱ֿԼۼӽǮĶҪֶǰ죬ڵˮҪĻ۱ûʲô˼ˡ
۱ҪǾ۱ǱǮǰ˵ľ۱ʲôģʵƬˡ
ˮеľ۱ãһǾһЩھ۱еõһЩҩЧõʯƷʸߡ
һǺϱһЩȫͬĶ໥ںϣǿĽСеľ֮ƷʲôߣһļʱõµĶµĶ֮ǰΪ죬һЩҲǿԵģʲôһľҲ˵ɵ塣
Ҳ⣬ϱеСҲǸԣȻСܾ֮ҲܻԼڽ³ɵıС
ˮ۱⣬Ǹž߹Ӧøǿˮ۱Ŵ󣬰ѺܶණŽȥˮǸϱĹܣĶ໥ɵġ
ҩʲôģŽȥ٣Ʒʲôģʲô컯ϹˣˣˣˮŽȥܶ࣬۱ԷŴ󵽳ʮףԷźܶĶ
žߣ۱ӦÿԸĿǰֻǵһ磬ˮһֵƷһɡ
Ӧþǰٷ֮ʮƺǺܶ࣬Բ٣Ͼ͵һ磬ԺӺܶ࣬Ҫ֪ƷʿɱʱҪãϾеĶÿֻܷһΣƷԽԽá
ȻҲǺǿ󣬱ϾеĶһ޶ʱģˮ֪۱᲻Ч
ˮһЩС籦ﻹƷɽһЩС϶Žȥֽ׶ξһɵЧʱҲһ£ʱ䲻㳤Ҳ̣ɾʱǾԲ㳤
ˮÿ춼۱裬ԼľѪһɾʱһϲʱ䣬۱ѾһˣϾǰľ磬𲽾һģе㼶硣
ǰģľ۱ûʲô仯ƷʣϱƷҲԭĻһɡ
ڶˮÿҵˮҲæ󻢺ܿ̿࣬ŬѧϰƽҽҩˮѾõҩı󻢣ٴ󻢵ڱһ˵ļҪõĶ࣬޷ıԸɻǺӣҲϲԸ
ˮڲûнģźܺõĵӣҪʱ䣬ˮѾҽʦȻˮ̫æ
ˮҽʦʱҲ˺ܶ࣬ѡĸҽʦҪƷˮеһһ˵ƷУѧٶҲûá
ˮùˣԸȥ֮УÿѼʲôĶԱڷңֻҪҪ鱨ʲôĶϸˮ
ˮļֲֻܿҪ˻ʵܵõĿĲôϡرЩţǲȱٵģã߼ѧϰҪá
ߵͿһˮסˣһŮˣʶһŮˡ
޳ǺǿյŮ·һϢţ߹Ѿ˫ǿһвʧ䣬˲ֱӡ
һѩ׵ķ£һֻѩˣȴɢһĵ̣ǿҵѹ
绪
绪ֻݣһС
ľ֮ȴöµ룬Ϣ¡
֮˲֪ǲֻ֣һš
ˮôҲû뵽֣


2047 Զһ˵ĴС
ˮôҲû뵽ῴŮˣ֮ӦڷϴλȥԼҲû뵽ˮǸоޱȵ⣬ԼȻĴڡ
ˮȵĿһֱԼǰŵ˱вŻعô
˵￪˼ãû뵽㣬ô
һѩ׵ķɢʥϢ
绪˫ˮ֪ôݣΪо绪
ǰûκεķǷ֮룬ǲ룬Բλ࣬һлվһŮǰӵĸоԱ־ִٲ
ˮڵʵǿˣû뵽֡˿޷ʧǶԷ̫㣬⻹йӴˮȹԴҩûֱӵİ취ʱˮԼΪʲôôõҽ
ȻûʵԵĽӴҲӴһЩطҲǺܾ֮ǰм侭̫飬Ҫô˵Ĵڡ
ԺֻҪþҵģÿ½ҪҪңҸ㹤Ǯ
ˮЦ˵
ҿɲҽҲﲻ㡣
΢Ц˵
΢Цףȴʥ߹ˮһ㶣ѸƲͷЦ˵ߣȥɣƭķô
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˵仰֪˻㷿ӣƭ𡣡
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ʵӵкܶණźܶܶˣɫɫˣǶǼǿһУǶ죬һá
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ˮһ㶣ʵһЩ˵һĺѣ˾һˣˮɸоŮһΪŮ˵ʵٴα˷ǸҪǿˮر𾪣ûʡ
ãסˣһҪǵѣܷʲô鶼Ҫǵһվһߣ˭۸ҶһܶôǿҶһ
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С㣬ס
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2048 СѾͷ֪ʲôǰ
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ˮЦЦҪǸŮˡ
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СѾͷ֪ʲôǰ𣬻ˡ
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߰Ů˴ʱɰһҲر泩Ц˵˵ʲôǰ˵Щ˸ģб˵˵Լġ
ǸʵҾ˵ʲôоɲЦҡ
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һ˾ϲϲ˵ϲԼϲĵӣϲҸϲĬĬעܶʱܿͺܿģΪһ仰Ļߵġ


2049 Ҿ¥
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ˮЦˣǲϲˡ
Ϊ֮ǰɫ֪˵ԼˮԿ϶Ůϲˡ
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ٺ٣ϣ֮ǰ˵ˣҪ˵ԼܣҪԼܣôӦϲˡ
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˵ԼļĲܰ
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ˮ֪ǹģʵŮ˺ɬȴΣƽʱҵ٩ԼʵŮ˻ǸˮҲû˵ѵÿҲẦߡ
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Գǣˮ֪ģǿĳǳأСҲٴʮУǳصĴСͬͬԳǺǾˣһǱǿĳǳأһСĳǳء
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ˮҲ֪ˣһȦӣǸȦмֻҪЩ츳ǵĵǵʵѣҲиƣ֮ǰЩеѣˮڽӴûж˵
ȻҲ˵ļžͶĴڣʵΪͼΪҲ٣һ㣬ǿ򶼺ܺãϼ̷ḻЩʵСͺǿÿĵԴͨ˵
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ģ۽΢΢̣٬ĸо
չֵһиͬôɣһô
ٵ˵ĻǸ·ӵ޼ɵ


2050 չң
ãһķζ治ҪȳԱо仰бů˼𣬳ˬ˸顣
Ϊչٵ˿ĵ˵
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ʱеһ˳չҵˣǲ㣬Ҳȥˣ˳ҪӵģһǻѪֻѰ·
ˮʵеﻢˣΪ˵ʵǿƺС趼еһȣǵƺС࣬ϢΣգˮָоСƺ򲻹еһ
Ҳԭٺʦһֱ޿֣չ٣ƶԷûȣΪ֮ǰˮִչٵʱõʵһ㣬صĻ̫ˣԷûء
ˮ֪Է鷳չңչҶԸԼԼڹƶˣбԭ򣬱ԷɱʲôģԷӦͶˣҲڵԼǳ֡
ˮڲˣޣˮӦÿ¶Է֮أЩ˵ıһһֲԼںǶѣܻһжʧȥˮɥ֮ȮҲӡ
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Сӣ
Ҳ˲ֱˮ֡
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ˮҵĵɳȥǿķûˣǶԷͨĹˮķʵǵĹϧˣײ˾¥ٵʩǱޱȡ
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ˮں˵
үȥץס
һͷҲðˮ˫۷·һԼƤ±֡


2051 ɽҽ
󺺺ܷŭүԼƤ±֣һĵطһʵ΢ˣڲɱ˶Էڲ֪Է˵ǲģЩڲѵ±ţΪһ롣ȻʵǲɱңҪɱȴ練ơ
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ҽһʮҰٱ⳥㡣
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ˮǺǿʮַϸɽţһķĲλһЩλޣһ㣬ҲУҲУҪ󼫸ߣԶԶ°빦Ч
ɽûһɽˮʵһʵķԾֿ޷ݣɽϬӦҲѷɫҪǷɽٶȿǺܿ죬Ĵ֮⣬Ǿ
ԼзɽڵַӾѧʲôģֱӿԽԼǿܶĴɱ
ҲԣˮҪϣкֲܿʵ̫ʱеǿˡ
Źˮ¯࣬ĲˮʵõķңرУûоŹйƺ
ڵıˮ֪ĻǺ٣֪һͼһչң֮ǰڵǲǱָоǾٱӦչ֮ϣٱ
һˮǳ׺ǸŽˣǸٲã󻹻᳹׳Ϊˣˮ֪Էܲܵ꣬ܿͻԼۡ
չңˮСǣǱһǣչһǸȻ
ˮҪԼӰʱ˭붯ԼҪһԼ𻵺ܶǿߵ棬Ǹʱû˸ðնԼ
ţ˭֪Щ˻ˣһҲûˣʱܶ˶ˣܶҲ²Щ˵ϾǿĴ˭֪á
ƽһȥѾʼ˿ˣˮһԿţﲡҩ˵һЩƵķ
һ˼糾͵ˣһ۾͸оЩ˺ܲףˣһŮˣһˣΪ׵Ŀ࣬ߴŨüۣһεɢ
ˮ˼һվǸ˿ˮæ˵ҽ


2052 ҽҽ֮·ʼ
ˮЦſǣˮ֪ʲô԰ﵽǡ
Ѿ֪˶ԷǼͼҵˣ˵һɫ΢׺ƵˣӦܴܵĥҪǿʵѹƣǷʹͲһ˳ܡ
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ԺҲûиҲĳŵҽһȻǺܳȴʢһʱܶǿʵΪֻҪԸ⣬Щ˲串һǿҽ
ˮڸоԼҲеųϣ׽ܡ
ܿˮ뵽һ⣬ǰҽβҪǮô࣬ܳΪѵĺ٣ҲȫΪѣһҽҽε˹ԼʶʶôΪѣܳΪѵһ
ˮһӸоǸҽǶԵġ
֮ǰ˵˵ɣӦһϿʼҽΡ
ˮЦЦ˵
ҽ˵
ӦǼͼҵ˰ɡ
Էͷ˵Ȼ±ϳ
ν߶ͣʵǿξԽβҪǮҲǿ˵ġ
ǮҲ
Ǹæ˵
ˮҡҡͷˣ¶Էǽ֮ˣҲ޳ǮԴҲΪֻΪеһݰ
ˮĻüһѷ¶ɫһѷ𾴵˺٣رһˡ
˲ǮҪǷһ飬Ҫ޳ΪҰһ£»ѻ˵ܼ򵥣һҲ
ˮżһѷ˵
κ飬üͼȫ𣿡
һʱʵ
ֻ˵ǲΥ壬ҲȥװҲܱ֤ˣҿԸǿǵʱ䣬˸Ҵ𰸡
ˮ˵仰ҲɿԼ˵һ
ÿˣҴӦ㣡
һѷֱ˵
磡
ˣ˵㣬ҽҴӦ㡣
һѷڰֹ˼һ˵
һѷָо˲ʲôˣԼеģҲԥĴӦԷǸҽʦҪˣʱ֪ԷȴҲҪܡ
ˮоǺ˵ġ
ˮҲ˵ֱӿʼҽΣˮȻûκ⣬ˮȫ·һ֮ˮûбҪô˷ԼûбҪôƴԻǰ֮ǰķʽһʱ䡣
ͼ˾Ҫסһˣ⵹ûʲôֻҪκãǾסһʮҲԸ⡣


2053 չң˶ˣֵ
ͼҵҲŪӣĿǰõӣϿһ٣һҲǴ󱥿ڸԺκ˼һҹҲܰɡ
ͼˮҽ֮·ĵһˣˮһӣȻдһ֣иڣȻʹͼңҽμһҡ
ˮҹһЩƣ涼ֻһ֡
࣡
ƿǷʵծ˭ȥҪӣˮȥԲӡ
ǧ֮ʼ£ˮѾʼˣͼѾʸǷˣԺ죬ҪһЩԼһˮøʸǷԼ顣
ʱ䲻֪ľǰ¹ȥˣˮľ۱Ѿﵽ磬ЧҲǴԭɣڵĳˣɣˮܿģӦÿһ綼ǰ澳һ
ˮܿģܿ죬۱ͿԽԼĺܶණһֻĿǰ֪ʲôڴУĶ֮⣬Ŀǰ֪Ĵڡ
ʵʱһֱȹ̣˴ˮֵľԪõĺôǾ޴ģһգȻܶıˡ
ˮ̹ȻҲΪԭ򣬱ϾǸصĴڣһʩչЩǿ˿ǿܶĴڣҪĻһǿǲ¶Էࡣ
˿һȻܶˣ࣬вٵİͷ룬ɱƵģԼΪֹۣʱֲܿģΪʵЩǿѾ˲ӽħܣȻǲܹıħܡ
кܶҲǿ˿Щ˿Һ壬״ҲûãЩճԸߣٶȷӦԵĳɷ֣࣬һʹҲһֲĴڡ
ÿˮоһͷ·˳ǧֻޡ
һ磬ˮհһҽһڵļһһѾȫˣˮѾʼ壬Ѿȫָ
ڼһ˵·һ漣ǾȻǿҽʦôᡣ
µʱ䣬ˮҲͼͼҵļ˻ˣͼҳס棬ûºȺȲ죬ҲǰѣΪһʼ˵õˮ֪ѳΪѵġ
ˮ룬洫ɧƺкܶ˶á
ˮüȻȥõ˶ץһ˷ŭĺţǸˮ
Ҿˮǡ
ˮǸ侲˵
ˮŽˣ࣬Ҳжʮˣʵ治ѾԶ϶ԷˣչңӦǱչҡ
ˮչɣ
ݵĿ⿴ˮ
չ˭Ҳ֪չǴһôҳӣ
ˮüë΢΢һ
Ȼ˵ģ۵ĶչҵҲҴǻˡ
˿ˮĿ·Ѿڿһ
һֱ߿չˣֻɫҲͷչһԴ󰡣
ˮмĿˡ
ҽû´ôӦ˽ԳģչܳΪ֮һĿȡ֮ġ
ʱһѷ˹
塭
˿һѷˡ
ҽҼͼҵĴˣȥɣҪٸչĨչү֪ǵΪ֪᲻Լֿǡ
һѷҡҡͷ
壬ߣԺ󲻻ˣ壬´Ȳ衣
˷˻ˡ
ˮ׼ˣ׼չҴһģû뵽ô׽ˣˮǺܿĵģϾڹؼʱòҪУȷչˣû˻ԼΪˡ
ͼҲû˵ʲô
ܿùȥˣһѾȫˣһѷˮǣҪֻҪӸţһȫԸİ㡣
żһˮͷ뿪ˡ
ӻҪ粻Ϊ˭ʧȥʣˮҪĵĻţҸĻš
ƽӹȥˣˮû뿪ãмٴҽĴڣƤ϶ծǱǷԼģһεĲƸ
ʲ࣬Ͼˮҽ治࣬ˮûʲôھûһĴǷˮծˮأǷ
굽ˣؼҹˣˮһȥģˮûȥļҡ
󻢺ĸҲڣڴѾΪһҽʦˣˮ괫˴󻢣ϲܿЧҩϴ󲿷ֲǺص˲ҽΡ
ѾʼѧϰˮģΪܵԣˮ̣ҲֻѧˮƤëҽ㹻ˣһǸҽ
ˮ̵ʱ䣬Դ󻢿ѧܶණˮ󻰸мʦǲʸԱˮ˵
ǰˣʦʵʦ¸㶪ҰʦԺ㶪ˡ
ǹˮǰģûģ˵˵˵
ˮ´󻢰ɣ̿࣬ҲʱҽʦˣҸͽҲңҪĿʼ
һ˵
ˮ˴󻢣Ϊˮϵͽܡ
ˣѾؼˣˮζԽԽأȴԼԽԽ˼ң˼Լĸĸ⹫ԼŮ˺ͺӡ


2054 Сһ
ѾŵŨŨζʹطһһ굽ͷҪ꣬ҵű̻ܸϻȥҵĶϻȥԲԲĹꡣˮҲ֪ԼԼ˶ٴһ˵꣬Դӳ֮ڼҹˡ
Ľֵϣŵеĳ棬ܶźˣССʲôģС򣬲ʱĴСЦ
ܶŮЯ˵ɬЦݣŮദ龰úܶ˻ԼĴǰͻ䣬ͶȥĵЦݡ
ˮ뵽ʦװҲ뵽ԼһУЩҲֻܻ䣬ɬоûˣȴһһܰ
ͻȻˮԶŮˣˣʱˣӦԼġ
ɵֻӣܶ˶ῴŮˣֻǿһĪĸ֣ͷ·ǰȥʲôõطιһһ˵顣
ѩ׵ķ£˫ŵһմϢˮÿһμвܿƵʧȴ֮ģǰԲλ࣬ǰ˷ӦĶٺ١
Ư̫ƯƯѹȣǰСƺôԱ
ˮѾǸ˰ɣΪҲܺãǰɾúܱ΢ռеͷܸо䲻Լ˲Ů;䲻һİ޷ʲôء
С㣬֣
ǰһˣˮû뵽ˡ
һģӭ𡣡
΢Цſˮһֱߵǰܽˮŵǵŵ㡣
ӭȻӭ˵һ˹ܼįء
ˮǺЦ
ˮĵһ仰ɫ΢΢죬ˮһ֪ԼĻ壬û뵽һŮҲô࣬ԸϽ˵ˣû˼ġ
ûʲô˼
ǸҲ˵Ҫô㣬ǵ˹ꡣ
ˮٺЦ
ǵȻǵĹ꣬Һ˼롣
˺ˮһۣƺɡ
ʵ˼Ҳ֪
ˮ˵ŵʱͦεţ״ܺãˮѩ׵ĻԲͦε񣬼ͦĴţеζ
һ֮ҿԸܵ˶в߲뷨ԭҲ
˴ʱɫܺ죬ݺݵĵˮ
ˮˣɵĿˣʱоԼû·վǰһ
Ҳ
֪Լʲôһ֮ڶв߲뷨Լ֮ǰ뷨вˣֲ̫ˣսʱֻҪһͿ֪ԷôԸǶһֲܿ
ǸʳɫҲСңҳôһ󡣡
ˮĲ˼͵ϴ豻ץвࡣ
˵ǺǺЦһֱǹؾصģǰҩ㶼ܲңʵΪһҲϲңһΪʧܾء
ˮĿˣ³һ仰ŮҲŮˡ
Һܿģҹ䡣
΢Цſˮ
ˮʲôҲˣ治֪Ůôģ֪Լ֮ǰͷ׽ˣʲôѵŮϲˣ
ˮоԭԼõĻȷʵûһԼѾģԼǸɵˡ
˵ˣҺܺڣһεĻһ򵥵İ취
ˮûڵ˵
Ժ˵
˺ˮڴϣһŮһȴ˴󲿷˵۹⣬̫ˣˮҲǿˣһ𣬺ĽûŮǣ֡
ˮʱеǣ֣ûռͷһֵĵõοĸоһͷǺܴġ
ˮоԼĳһĨʱסֻ֣Ů˿Ըܵ뷨ȻԼ뷨û̫вֱһвźŰɡ
ܸܵˮ뷨ҲˮûбͷܹµҪһֵİοŮİš
޹ǣ񣬵ܰˮĵǰȥлл
лʲô
һ޵ĻȣԼ֪Լ΢Цжôɱ
лʲô
ˮЦ
û⣡
˺ˮ·ߵĺ
Ѿˣûһϵʺܺãͨڱѩжô̫񣬱ϾǰȲһǰ֪Ǹ߰˸ǽ״̬
ģг⡣
Ҳţ
ʱƮѩｫѩҲˣ磬Ʈѩ磬
˰ɣгɣ˵û⣬̫ԩˣүȥˣⲻѩˡ
ˮЦ˵
ѩʲôϵ
и£㽲֪Ϊʲôйϵˡ
ˮ˵žͰԩ˳


2055 ֣ио
ԩͷǶ죬ֲ¡
ˮһۡ
ǵڼĸ֡
ˮ⡣
ִǲǣΪô㣬ҪǿҾ˵ķϣĻر
ƽ˵
ˮȻ֪Լǵһߵýˣϲ
磬仨ɣӺƯ
ˮŻСŮǵһСŮ٣˺ܶ࣬Ҳܶ࣬ŮҲܶ࣬ܺ˻ˣС϶ǻ򻨵ġ
ҵĺƯ𣿡ˮЦ˵СŮֻ꣬ĲǺƯȴǺܿɰ۷ۣһͷС˵ĿɰˮƯģÿģСʹһ
ƯҼƯģиСŮĵ˵
ˮСԴֱӰĻȫˣˮںǮǮСŮؼңҪˣﲻȱǮСŮǲʱ򻹳
ΪʲôûиٶǮأҿֻ΢Ķ˵㣬㲻ȱǮɣЦ˵
ֻǸͨСŮҲı˵Ҹ̫ˣẦ˶࣬Ҳܶ࣬һСǮˣᱻñûˡˮҡҡͷתɻݸ͸㣡
ΪʲôҪĻûнӣҲģ˺Ҳܴϲ֮ǰӣСŮɫ˵ĴȺͣ·ǾŮһ
ҲˣСŮ͸ġ
ô޵Ļܿͻл
˽ˮĻʽ޵Ļ䡣
ѤùûĴڡ
ˣ˵ЩˣҪĵĹꡣ
Ц˵
ãҲǹµһˣֺ׵ĸоô˵Ҳѣãã˳ԵֿǺѵģǧλܻĲ˵ҵĻٴͷ㽻
ˮЦŽյĽġ
ƶ졣
˵ʱϵЦԽº
ˣȻ֣кֵܶĳ棬Ӽ˵ģģСԵģУеΧҲ˶ݵƽȡ
ĵ㣬ҵõѣȻҲ˼룬ֻ룬ҲʧʲôģҲʲôʲô»¶ԸҷֵĹҲһӣʹʹĹһӣΪʲôѡֵĹһء
˵Ҷ治֪ôܸܲΪʲôôˣʵ
򵥵ģں֣ܿΪ֡ˮ̧̧յĽ֡
Ϊʲôҵ־ͻῪģ˲ʵ
֮˽֮Сʾɫѵÿ𡣡ˮЦ˵
Ϊʲôȴоָоʵ
ˮе㱻һֻ˵ܸܲңӲˣ
Ҳ֪ܶˣҲеĲǺᣬ㡣
ˮʲôвǺᣬ˼ᣬֻ΢һ㡭
֣ио𡭡
ˮ˵
֪
˻صĸɴ
ϲŮ𣿡

˺ˮһۡ
ˮٺЦǰߣ㻹Ǻģֻһ㣬ܸо㣬֮ǰס֣ʵҲġ
֪ʡ
ɫе΢΢죬ȴƺǺܿĵġ
Ҳ㶫Ϲðɣ
ˮ·˵
ʲô
㱬̻Եġ
ˮڸ˲ٶһֱӽƻʱŻȥֻһ֣꣬һһҲȥҲ͹ˣ˵üʲôҲȢõš
󻢺ĸ׻мùӶˣ¥ҲˣѾׯ԰õĺܺˡ
֪Ѿ΢΢ˣѾ˿ʼ̻ˣ̻գը˲䣬Ѥʡ
С㣬ȥҹȥ
ˮЦźȻ֡
㻹ϰˡ
˲˵
һ죬ӭꡣ
ˮ΢Ц˵
ׯ԰ˮһֱסġ
ˮһЩˣһЩ⣬֮ˮԼУԼҲУһˮΪ˳ԣΪȤһҪôҲ޷ͳϵŮҲ֡
ˮҲᡣ
ҽ㣡
ã
ˮˣвˣгʲô״ôµȻʼչ
ˮŮһߴ֣˵Ǵ֣ʵ󲿷ֶˮһһ֡
ϣŮҲУˮһĶ΢һ㣬ˮĶһĽҲǻˡ
Ӻһ޷ݵվڳŷԵôĲʳָ̻оܹ죬ǸԾԵôȴһҲггҲôˮ̾ԭ


2056 棬һɶ
һĺܷʢŸȣĸصģģڹ
ǲеˣ˳Ե𣿡
˿Ϸʢķ˵
ϵһоܺãΪˮڵԭһһҲõģ˿ЩõһΣÿζҲá
Ե꣬һ굽ͷһҪԱŻա
ˮ˵óһ̳÷ƣˮ÷һ򿪿ڵ˲Ʈ㣬ζðûŵһ뵽ƿô㣬ζջԱȵǰĺ򣬵Ȼܣ񫡣
þƣ
Ҳһ
ˮó񱭣յô󣬵ϡ
ʵȤܶ࣬һȲȾƣ߹ӣ̸̸ڣ˼һõδγһܡ
ˮ¾̳
⵹Ҳǣھ͸оܺãָоϲָоΪоһ
˶Ʊ
ˮھƱһ£ֱһںꡣ
˺ȵҲˣĿǺþƣûкȹôõľơ
ǰһЩЩûЩݸߡ
ˮЦ˵
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Ц
ˮҡҡͷʵľõģֻˮɾҪһ̳ھ۱ĳƷʵģȻͳȥҪá
ľ񣬻ϴӽǾЧƺȹ̸Ӹ̫˲˼ģԼƵġ
΢̴ڣǳԾӺջ
ˮȥ֮Ҳŷֵģû뵽۱ĹЧƾȻô࣬Ц˵ʵҲڲ֪ģǾ۱֮ЧҲ֪ûôǿҵġ
۱裿־ǺöƱõģľǾ۱ǸЧҲЧ
Ц˵
ܶ࣬һЩ
ˮЦ˵
һ̳ƺܿͺˣˮóһ̳ȴûˮ򿪣öҲҪʿɶֹ
ˮûٴ򿪣Ҳ˲ˣȥ̻ô
ã
˿ĵ˵
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ˮó̻ȰѱԶ̶ˣܳܳȻȼ˻
ó̻÷ΣֱӵϣȻ󼸺ͬʱҹգĹߣ֮ըѤĻ䣬
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˵
Ҿһֱ㡣
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ȥѱģҷһûг棬û뵽δģ˳
˵ûʧ䡣
оԼҪˣʱˮһ꣬û죬ȴѾԼŲȥˡ
ˮȻҽѰĶһɶڵԽ֮⣬ûбİ취һɶƺʲôֶһ֮ǳػȼգĴڶǻϵڣҺΣգĿǰǵʵȥοһɶŻ˵ѪǶ٣һ٣Ҳ˲ϣԭ
Ϊʲô֮ǰң
ˮü£ˮû˼
һֵ꣬˿û»һ¡
ҽ㲻ڣһκ㡣
ˮ϶˵
֪ҽҲ֪һɶڵҩɽ⣬һɶһǺϡȱĴڣȥһ֮Ҳһɶꡣ
ҡҡͷ
оƺôˣƿˮҺ֣ܿ
ˣֱȥһ֮򡣡
ˮ˵
ˮ˵ңΣգϣСҵѾ˾ͷû뵽Ǿ֮壬ҿԶ£ֻܴůûˣʱҵĻȱ񡣡
˼ᶨ˵
ԣҵġ
ҡҡͷ
ž
ˮֱһƶǷβĸо˵һ˲ˣˮоԼֶˣȻǷ£Ǳ·˿ûӰָС
㣬ԽԽˡ
΢΢ͷ
ԲҵĺòãһԶҪ
ˮ֮ǰˣ̫ḡˡ


2057 һ֮˽֮
Ҳ֪ôŮ˱Ͼûô࣬ٶʵ̫ͻˣ֮ǰˮˮյԭɡ
Ҳ㣬ûңҲҵͷһܵĽӴ
˵ܺ죬˵С
ˮһ˳ΪŮˣ֮Σˮֵ߳ҪҲܾˮһӲġ
ˣ·غһԤʾȥѾʼ
С㣬׼һǰһ֮򡣡
ˮ϶˵
ˮ
ֹ
ΪʲôôãǵĹϵֵôðա
˿ˮ
ǲǸо̰ͼɫҪ
ˮЦ˵
㲻ˣ㡣
˵
˵õģ㰮ң𣿡
ˮЦ˵
㰮𣿡
ˮҡҡͷ
Ǹ֣Ӻܶ࣬ÿǾɫҾǶ㲻ᣬŮˣҲûѣ˵ˣǲǺʧܡ
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ˮоĺܹ¶ûˣûѣ޷Ψһľ£ܶ˴죬ûѲǲ˴򽻵Ҳû˲ѣЩ˶Ƕͼûѡ
˭˵ûѣҲ𡣡
ţǣѰ㵱ҵˣȻֲ꣬Ҳʱ㡣
૵˵
߰ɣȥһ֮򡣡
ˮȥʹ˵һ£ˣô󻧺к˵Լȥһ£һҵʱͻ
򵥵ʰһ£̻ˮֱʧˣУ
þУӵͼϿԿһ֮ڱԶĵطϹȥоҲҪܾãƵԪûжˣˮֱпռһ֮︽һλá
Ȼˮ˲䵽Ǹλá
վڿѾԿһ֮ˡ
˴Ŀˮ֪ôģֱӵһ֮ıԵûʣ̫ˣǲɽܡ
һ֮һһ־طһͱһҲһشºܸߣǰЩȴɳĮ¶Ȼߣϰ˻ǺܶģʺãԲоܡ
ĻܶľǰķҶһ죬ޣİ̫ܳӵĳȣﾭ꣬ϲ첻ģҪꡣ
ˮͻƳһ֪һʲôǣʱϸꡣ
ʱǻڸ߿գˮֱгС裬СٶˮģԺֱӳСһ֮ȥ
Խһ֮еȶԽߣǺԵġ
˵ܳţһ򣬱𱱲Ҫǿܶ࣬Ѿľ磬رһ֮ޱǿޣһɶ֮һֶȴǲ۲۵ǿޡ
ﵽһ֮һξģСҲҪٴʱܸеһ֮ıԵ
һ֮ȻΣգðߵãܶ˶ȥðգԵش΢ĵطȻðգǾΣգðģܶ˶ðշ¸ÿ׶ͨҲǵðա
еðӴһɳ죬ðȥо䳣ԣǳںӱвʪЬе˵ùһðվˣеһʮ󣬵ҲкܶһӶðգȴû˶
Խһ֮򿿽ԽǷֿеķ࣬ܶ˶һģŷˮС裬ܶ޶ѡƵҲúܶ˾ȡ
ˮ֪ãܿͻ֪һŮǿޡ
ˮֲ뻻ٶΪԭԭ˵ʱһܺڵġ
ˮ֪ΪʲôһҪȹһΣΪԼڣڲ뿴ʧ˶ָоԼϵţ뵽ʧѹ
Ѷ࣬಻ԣϤȥȻܣˮǸǿҽʦһֱΪԼʲôʲô˶ƣ̫Եˣˮְֻ취ҵһɶڵԻĿڵĶˮҽϣٷ֮١
һ־ҵ棬ˮʹԶİ취ɹֻһ롣
ʵˮһ취û˵򲻵˵ãǾ֮ͻԽڵĲϣܴ󣬲򲻵ǻġ
С㣬֪Ǿ֮˽֮𣿡
ˮʵ


2058 𸮣ףҷ
һ㶣ɫ΢΢һ죬ˮһۣ֪
ˮգ֪Լʲô˵Լˣǰͷһ֪ˣεӣģһҵһɶġ
΢΢һֿʼˣһԸߺܶĵطǻ䣬ܿ죬ѩһͨû·Ҫϵˮζܡ
ʱˮ˵ͷ·һƬѣˣŻ᲻ôܣֱڲһľΨҲ÷ף䣬ȴǳһϸܵ亹
ˮҺ䣬Ҫ㡭
ˮֱӽӵڻתʹŮˣ⣬̧ͷ̿Ķ۵Ľա
֮˲̧ͷֱʱѹˣˮֱӣлл㣡
ˮҡҡͷллΨҪһ֮ϣõҵһɶꡣ
Ҫ̫ϣѾܶû˵һɶˡ
ҪôҪҲһɶҾԱİ취
ˮ˵
Ǹ취
˵
ˮʵ֮ǰǸ˼ԼľʣȻ˶ˣŴʱǷһʱˣҲ˾
գȴϸ徫£ܹ¶ˮҲǵһμȻǳ֮Ͼ˺ܶ飬ǷϤ
û
˿ˮԼƺûл̲סѵ
ÿûһطÿ
ˮջĿЦ˵һ䡣
ԽԽˡ
˵һ䡣
ɵһ㵱˵Ǳܣ˵ʵҸоĺܺˡ
ˮұһ¡
֪ˮ˵ҲԣåҲãɵӸãΪ֣һװģ˺αӣһɵӴӡ
ˮʱƺܻȴûʲô£߶Ⱥܺãŷ飬ԸҲֲôŮϲ
Ҫ͸ˡ
΢Ц˵һˮͷĻ
ˮʵʱǰȴǳ˼ֻ޴ķݣһӥ޴һͷӬӣն˫״Сǿźͷһ̶ͷ
Ϊ׵ֻһӥվĸˣĸˣֻ޴ĻһޣʲôˮҲûȤ֪ǰֻһӥ̫ˡ
ҪһеʵǺǿп޺Ҫһʵǿܶ˴Ҫúܶ࣬ˮҲĿһˡ
һˣһŮˣŮӸҲܻ𱬣ɫҲһɫ·ǻ𱬵Խǻ𣬲ɫȻ˲˲һ㡣
ˮƿԷԷ֪⻹ˮǰ档
ֻһӥʵСҲǻϵޣƺֻ޶˶ԷһҪˮС趯֣Сѳȥˡ
ˮһɶģ˸ɼܵģԲ£˫ͣʱˮСƵʱһӥֵסˮȥ·
ѣʲô˼
ˮŶԷĸ˵
ˮҲԿ϶ԷˣΪĸ˵ĿⶼǿˣʱˮߣһЩƽʱ־ǧϢ϶Էʵǿ󣬻ĿһУȻƵ⡣
ˮܲˬɵüͷ
ǻ𸮵ˣҽлףλѣλôƺǣ¾Ϊˣϣܺ͹Ϊѡ
ΪֶǸ΢ЦΪ˧˵
ˮ֪ǿˣԼѾˣӿʼԷԼһ֮һֱٿˡ
ǻ飬ҵķ
ͷҲ̧˵סˮ֡
ǸɫѿҲǻ֣ȻԿһδµŮˣˮ֣һּʣܼʣһŵϺŵʵ˭ӣ׿ϵŮܲġ
Ӧİɣ֪һʲô
˿ˮ˵
ʲôͲͷˡ
ˮ˵
ǺǣֻҪһʲôҾȨ֪Ϊһİȫ
ƽ˵
仰ˮüԷǹҲ磬ȻԷĵλһ򲻵ͣԼǾǺһĺܶһʵ̫ˡ
Ϊ˵ĻԷҲԼģǱԼͷ
˵ǲҲ̫ҪˣҶˣö˵ˣҵŮҪٸҴ㡣
ˮü
ңȻ˵ҪңһҲģ
ЦˣЦú


2059 ԽƯŮԽˮ
ˮҲĿŶԷѾǰô嶯ˣⲻȱѪԣֻ˵ջˮ£Ů˵⣬̫ƯŮ˾ǻˮ
ǰҲãҲãŮ̫Ưʱ򲢲Ǻ£Ϊ̫˶ţ뾡һа취Ⱦָ뷿УһûмûʵŮܱ硣
ǺջˮҪˮһεĹ
ˮرиоڸյһ飬˲ôƯһ㣬ΪһŮ˸ϡ
ҲζĿˮҲվһӥϵ˵׸磬˲֪׸ĴŮĺ׸粻һֱ˵Ҳ޵ŮˣŮ˾Թ˰ɣ
ˣ㹻ˣҴûϻôŮˣһ׷һҪҵӡ
׿ˣѾ˳ȵĹâ
Ǹô죬˼ҿŮ˵ˣ
һԵһ˵
𱩣ҵ۾Ů˻ǸʲôˣֻǽڣһŮ˵ֵʲôĿ£ûʲôѪԵϵɱ
΢Ц˵
ˮüԷ˵ƺûˮˣú黹޷ˡ

С跢һǿ޺ȻˮֱָȻѸǰȥ
ôˮ뿪һӥˮȥ·
׷
֮
С裬ߣ
ˮֱӳС˹ȥˮ˫ֽӡӹӡ
ž
ˮһӴǻ׵ϣȸѵ´һ֮ء
һӸסĲֱ˳ȥɱ練ƣҪ´Σ˵
һкܿ죬ʱһӥСҲˣһٶȺͶʵһӥСʹˣС֮ʵǿֲ
ֱһײͽһӥײɳȥ
ˮֱӳС뿪ˣûɱЩˣһӥʵС費С軹Ҫֲһ㣬ϧˮôһ㣬ʵֱӲС裬ٶϸǲܺС裬һ̶ϣٶȱʵֲ
ˮʧԶɫ쳣ѿֲ̫ˣ֮ǰ֪ɱ練ƣԼʵͶԷ˺Զһ̵ֱһӥȻҲԷֻСޣһֱһӥһӥʵǿ̫ˣһӥǺܺõǿֲսޣٶȿ죬ǿóϵͶ
׸磬Էʲôͷ
𱩲ʵ
ǻȥ鲻꣬һҪС
ͻһݣĹ⡣
˴˶⣬ôҲʲȥġ
ˮ嶯ˡ
˵
ЩҴ⣬ҲվӣûɱѾʴˡ
ˮǺЦ
Сĵ㣬ԷӦò׷µģһǿʵ֮һһ磬ԶŴļ壬˵ǻˣóϵ
˶һƺв˽ʶ
Ų´ЬģûסǣǼˣ𸮼Ȯ
ˮǺܵģҲǡ
һ֮
˵һȼյʯ˺ܾòγɵһ֮һ֮вǵطͻȻȼգԳܾãһΪһ֮е֣һ¶ҲΪһ֮ߵġ
ʱԿܶ˽һ֮һ޴ɽڣ۵һɽһ֮һ޴ɽڣȥ֮һ֮ˡ
һɽϴ󲿷ֶǹͺͺģɫɽϡֲһ֮ڿҲǣֲϡ裬¶ȺܸߣˮоֲһʳϺҪһڣûֲʳϵġ
ˮ·ҲһЩϣǹһ֮һɶģһɶ겻ʲôǸ棬һɶ껹һ֣һ꣬;޴ʵҲֲܿĻϵ֮ľǾ޴˫ĴʱɢһĶֶ϶Իã𶾣ȣҪֶһıܶҩûãܶʱһɶ㶼֪֪ͻ˻ʱʲôҲˡ
ȥˮŷֲԽԽܣֲǻԵģݡ
ҲǻԵ࣬ţǡҰ
С㣬֪һɶϰʲôط𣿡
ˮΧʵ
лĵط֣رԽĻҪ࣬һɶǰ
˵
һ֮ʲôطлȽ϶Ļ
һɶҲֻȥˡ
ε˵
ãȥһǾҵһɶˡ
һ֮Ļ滨ҲĵطˣҲΣյĵطһ֮ĵشһһߵĻ죬ҲΣ֣о綾Ҳо綾Ե棬ȻҲʥҩʥݼĺö


2060 Ȼץס

ˮ˲һʱſ⻹ое£Ȼ治ңҲˮ֪ΪʲôԸȥһɶԭΪʱϾƲˡ
ˮ壬оУʱ˱һ²ɵ顣
ǰһ޼ʵĻҲźܶĻ컨ҲУŨĻ㣬ǲãкܶ۷䡢кܶ໨ޡ
ˮ˺ܶ۷䶼СţСҲֻ۷ԳôˮҲ˺ܶķɶ꣬ɫҲܶ࣬Щһɶ꣬һɶһصһֱȼܻ棬ڵ֮𣬾类һûκġ
һɶͺܴСɽͷС˻ǺܺʶģǲһɶģΪЩľܲסһɶϵĻ档
ıסˮĲӣֿʼˡ
ˮϽסŲ԰׵Ľһ˿ΣѸٵȡůҲֻмʿԣɱˣһ𶳳ɱˡ
һ·Ҳ֪ǵڼˣˮȻ˾ͱסÿܲסʱűסˮѾϰˣˮĶҲ졣
һ㱧סҪСʱʱеĺ
վڻԵĬĬӵţ˿һŮڶĽŮˮʱڻѹȣͶо
ʼˮҲ̫࣬һһ֮˵ͻ᲻ڱ䣬ĸоһ֪ˮȻ˱ܵķӦ
ʲô
ƺоСﱻʲôűŤ뽫Ƕһߡ
һץסˮһҪˡ
ʲô
оŵĶȣڴʱ˵ϲȵġ
֮Ǿ֮ȻȣرǶ˺˵ֻҪʱĺ
һͷԼյĶһ֮Ȼ֣һеĽҪޣһʱ޴վˮǰ
Ǹûð˼ܣܣû뵽ûǵ뿪ͱץסˡ
ˮε˵ʱǸǽĽ·һŵ񡭡
쵰㻹˵
˴ʱ޵ݣ޲ҸطȥԼȻסǸ
ǽȥɣ
ˮڵķң֪ҪϽ⡣
ţ
ˮһδͷǰ߽һ޼ʵĻУǻıԵźö·Եǿֱ·ǰˮ棬ǰˣһʱеҡ
֮ǰľˮôģҲûʧعһоãˣһֱĶˣһ˵ĸоǰľĺףҲʲôԺ׵Ŀơ
ڻᾭĲʱעˣ᲻ʱ˵һЩ֮һЩ֪ǲõģԼǲõġ
ЩǲܿƵģȻҲͲˡ
ˮܵ˿Լҿ˺ܾãĻͷú˵Ŀŵ˸ϽƿĿ⣬ֺˡ
ˮһŮǰǲģǲˮɫģǲ㿪ԼĿġ
С㣬Ҹ㽲Цˡ
ˮסһǣǰ
ţ
˵ͷ
һеĺϲһŮģһֱûи˵Ů˼ˣҲ˺ӣ˺ŮˣʱŮڸСι̣ȥ˫ְסŮ˵ЦС˵壬óԡ
Ц˵һЦģԺЦ
ˮûЦҲûв˼˵
˵åġ
æ˵
ˮüҪåģѵˣ룬ˣԺЦ
ţڹסһһţСõӻһӣѪĺܿ죬Ծ͸Ͻڹҽʦڹȥˣ컹ڹ̲סٲҾѪˡʱźڹܳⲻܹȥٽӲȥˡ
һ˻ûôЦһ˿Ц⣬ˣһǰ˵ġܳӡЩȻЦ֪ⱲӹҲԼǰȻ˵
ˮû£Цܺá
˵
û¾ͺã벻õҵĶ
ˮɿ˵
ǹ²㶫ʲô
֪ˮ˵ʲôΪԸܵˮ뷨֪ˮ˵ĶʲôһԼԸܵ뷨
ˮٺЦЦӿǰٶȣһʱߴ


2061 Ĵ˵
ǲڿзУΪһֲֺܿĴڣǾ綾䣬־綾žȭͷ󣬾綾ޱȣĵҲôֻ־綾һֶֻֻǧֻգĶҺкǿĸʴԣµľǿԶۻֻľ綾ֻӲֻˡֶһճԵҺ壬ʴǿճҲǿԹ̻͸ֻĶڵˮ治ʲôˣڵˮұ֤Լû£οˡ
־綾ȺҲǻһֲ֮һܶԸǿޣҲԸ綾Ⱥ
֪ȥˣмˮһֱһΪʱҪˮůӣԾϢҲҪһϴεΣˮܽţ˸š
ˮʵǿҲƲסԼıܣˮһγַӦʱ򣬳ҪԼķӦȴǱ˵סˣ岻ãҲġ
ˮ֪ô˵ԺÿζҪʱôӦʱҲǱȵĶĻڡ
ˮǿ಻ԣҲ֪ˮʱ򲻾뷨ʱûߡ
ʵˮǺһ˯ˮҪȥɾᶨʱ䣬мΣǰ
ȥ࣬Ѿ뻨ˡ
綾ȺˮҲܣܵĵϾоУٶҲȾ綾Ⱥ죬˾綾ȺִֻҪܿĿͻһֱ׷ϡ
ˮ㿴
ͻȻָԶˮ˵
˳˵ָˮνһԣչҲͳ˴Сͨ񣬾Ө͸ŵı̹Σرĺÿ
˫ԣˮȵһںʵرǿȴһᱻκδڳӣûκζṥ⻹һκᵲǰˤһ֤ڱ˵¿Բܵ˺
һҲǺ٣Ǵ˵еĶһ㲻֣־ǳ˫ԣǴ½һֱһ˵ǿŮһΪޡ
Ҫ˻Ů˿ҲΪѣҾ˵һҵͶϵһ룬֮һҸ
һжǴ˵ˮûдпһӰ죬½϶Ƕ˵ɣˮҲ֪ǲһƵЧҶ˵εӰ졭
˿ܿģܿ뵽⣬һʱе㷢ԼѵĻΪޣԼĻҸԼҪˣѵԤʾԼһοԲ
С㣬ô࣬ںģ˵һһ龪һ
ˮο
Ǹ˵𣿡
˻عЦʵ
֪ˮĸо˵ˮϲǾԵˮȢ
˵ԺҵŮˣҲϲ㣬׷㣬ΪǴһġ
ˮ΢Ц˵
Цˣϲش֪ԼŲ˵ܸо棬޴ӿ֤˵ĶУ٣Ϊֶ٣˻һעԵ֣֪ͻܵӰ죬ΪûԸ춷Ͼܼļ̫С̫СܼŮȻᾪ̾ڲ֪ӰŮ֮ĸо
˺Ů֮䱾Ů˸ԣϸĴ˵һŮ㣬ȻͻᷢˣϾŮ׷о͸һֽһͱơ
Ķ˸ӵľȣһΧˮ˷˺þò뿪òŵˮŵĸоο籾棬Լһˡ
Ǵ˵еԵ
˵ΧΧȥôŮԻΪޣһǴ󸻴󣬴˵Ե±±ӶǷޡ
ǲľ͸֪һںȷʵΧ˷˺ܾá
˲ŵĿˮڲ֪ʲôоˮ֮䷢˺ܶ飬ÿһŵģ˵ûһ˿˿ĲǲܵģοоˣԼ֪֮ȹһ꣬ǱѾͷӦһ㺡
Цˣ뵽֮ǰ֣뵽֪˶ٴΣ巴ӦԼԼôҲ˵һ⡣
ˣֻǱʶĻرܣ룬ЩʵҪ̫̫࣬࣬ͽնѡ
뿪ˣʱˮȻͷԶһֻޣҽһɫϢͰ֮⣬ˮ󾪣Էٶֲ̫ˡ
˿Ҳɫˣޣ
ˮ֮ǰҲ鿴˲ϣֻ޺ܿ£µǰ滨޳ֵĻһֽ˺޴֮ľ飬츳˺޶Ҫߡ


2062 ֮һ
޲Ǻܴ󣬵ҲС峤ڰңɫҽɢζζʵǶԻãϢ˵񾭣ߵһһԣǺǲġ
ҪڻˮѾڻޱһŮˣӦŮ˰ɣŮһһоһ仨ĸоһ·ǻ䣬滨ͼ
һֳȹʻȹΣˮһųĵ˵һоһʢĻ䣬Σģˮң·Ҫˮһ
һ˫ϸĵۣ֮ˮɢǵ˻𱩵𺳣ֳͻ𱩣𱩵岻ʲôԽԽ𱬣ĻȫһЭȻǰûصĲĻ𱬡
ǰܼͦʻȹ߸߳𣬲ͦΣ֫ϸβԲ˵ĻԲһּ£ЭµľĻ𱬡
˱ˮ˾Ǿ˫Ůǰһ
ĵһ˿Ц⣬ˮȴǲ֪Цʲô˼дĸоеŮҲҲ欣⻨Ⱦͷ·Сͺڵɵ
ãǲΪУ֪ɲԾʹ˷ֿˮǻϵĻ˵
ˮǻϵĻ˵
Ѿþû࣬ѾܾûѪˣû
ĵЦ˵Ȼ󣬻һκĸоò˵ȷʵţˮ֪ǸһĴڣһϲʳѪ
ˮ뵽˫ѪŮʣŮѪһĻߣǺԼһŮһӵĿǰֻʳԼһ˵ѪˮоѪŮʥിġ
ǰĻȷʵͬڽʧȥˮü˵ǲŹˡ
˵أҿҲǺÿֻҪԹԵǰˬһôֺã˵һһֱ㣬˫˫Ҳ
Ȼ˵Ķǡ
һȻ˻һ˿ҲûС
ˮһ˲ĿˮƺһҲӰ죬һо仰ĵҲƺܶ˿ֻһ֮ԵҲԸ⣬Ů˵
ˮȻԸŮ̫ˣŮдƯһͻ𴲣ԭʼĳ嶯΢е㲻ӦҲġ
Ҫȥ棿
˿ˮ˵
˵С㣬ʲô˼ߵļ˱ǿǧ򱶡
ˮ΢Ц˵
һ죬û˵һ˵㺣ҲǸŮˣԼҲҪ˹ذǻ佱谮
Ҳ֪ԼͻȻˣǰô˼ġ
ҪСӣȥɣ
޴һһ˹ΧѾ컨䣬ЩתһŨĻɢ
Ҫ
ˮ˵
ûõģֻϵκεط壬ƻʶͷӦþ
Ȼеһ޵Ļ䡣
һɷ
һһɷѾʵ壬޵һΧһȦɹ̣Ө͸ɱתˮʺ
һ
ˮ߹꣬ǿһڵһɲһܱˣǱܶľһ㣬ȥԼһĸ״̬类٣͵ȣһΧĿ״̬ĿǰֻȥԷİٷ֮ʮ
ĿɵٶȺʵ߽ĿٶȺʵ
һֱûʹùһ߹ҲһֱɾţΪĴڿɾ࣬Ҳ߹һ
һʵΪ⻨Ļ̫ˣֻǸо΢ĲӦѾеܲסˣ˿βҪȥˮҧ⣬һ˿Ѫ̴Ⱦˡ
ˮͻȻ뵽һϽóЧرãһŵİɫʥĹɢΧʮ֮һоѾŲеİζ
˾ȵĿˮˮҲǿˣһİɫ֮£˾Ǿ֮ϵŮһȴǸоңԶǰץˮ֣ˮоץֻԶԶĿ
ôˣ
˿ˮе񲻽ʵ
ˮҡҡͷǰôĿƮ죬ЦЦû£⹦þûˣû뵽еãȻ治֪ᷢʲô
е㲻Ȼᱻ˵ġ
СӣȻԵֵסҵ֮
ƺҲǺܾȡ


2063 ޵Ŀ½ɫ
ˮо͸Ǿ󻯣Ϊʱʱ򲻻Ͼʵ̫ޣҺ߻иˣȫѹ
˵һ飬Ҳ鷳ҪǾôԲҵģ˵ûᱻɱ
ˮ˵
ɱң֪ʲôҿɲʲôޣ壬Ǵӻľ飬ĻҪϵĻкСĸɾ顣
ɾ飿ˮһˣǰԳԼʲôӣʲôġ
Σ
ˮʵ
һ壬ѰĹ޷ڳ˺ģ˺ĹҲ
Ц˵ԼҲǼȵš
һ˵ˮҲ֪ˣʵ˵ˣ;ߣ֮Ĺԣ⻨ĹԼһƻ
ĹǶжо깥ܶޱǿ߶⻨ǰ޲ߣΪꡣ
ˮҲĹˮŲ£ľǸͰԵҲǺܵģɱһܵùϾ׵繥Ҳһ롣
ˮãΪĹں˾꣬Թ⣬ڵĹڻ˺ܲܣϾǰʵǿټԼĹ룬ǲ֪ܲ˺
ˮ֪޺ɲԽֹ
Сӣɣ
гһѻһѤĹˮնʵԱСֻ߲ͣˮ˵Ĺ룬Ʒˡ
ԣ
ˮ˴Сֱӱĵɣ̫ˣС跢ߵĺСǿ󣬿ϧĹֻգûг֮꣬󹥻ſԹ塣
е㵣ĵĿˮô죿
û£ԣСϲҪ
ˮ뿪̫ԶȻûһƸ㡣
꣡
ˮ˲鲼ȫһȻһ̽
֣
˾ƺӵĿ£ֱץס˻ӻ˦
ݵѣҲ޷赲˺Ȼûо˼飬֮ǰ˵ĹܣоȻһ˲ͣͣ˺ʹԶôգʱѣΣԼһж
ŭˣˮһ˹еĻֱӴһƬ׷£ĻһӣЩлѶתųˮЩ϶ϸСĻ̣ڿֲٶ³
һЩС̴ƤһѪôϵľ綾ע壬˲һʧȥս
ǻǲݻľ顣
ɽ
ˮǰ־ɽֱӺЩꡣ
ֻҪĹˮӲµģο˯þɽҲǿԵֵ๥ֻǹûԾɽҲǴ򲻵ġ
ǵǰЩǹˡ
ŭеĻֱһնһʻɵĴֱ߳ӳˮ
Ĺҹܵ꣬ˮľɽȻǺڻĹǲ˺ܶࡣ
ԡ
޴ײǿĶܻľɽҲǱײˣϾ̫ˣҪǴһҲܿ⣬ڴҪܼ࣬ײѾܲˡ
ɽ˻ߵĺܶˮȥʱĻ߿˲١

ˮһ̽һ͵ĽɫȥֱӲסǻߡ
䣡
ˮľǿһĹȻǿи޶ȣԿĹԴﵽһһ壬һȶҲҪľ硣
ֱʧˣʧˣɫҲǺѿˮľֻĿƴﲻһȶҲˣˮڵĹҲĵƽˡ

ͻȻҲˮˮϽгޡ
޲壬޾ͿѹƶԷ˰ɣ޶ڻ˵ֻһֻһܣ޵ٶȲǺͻͿƲǿ󣬻޿ԼĿٶȷԼ˵ٶȺ͹
ϧˮһȫƶԷ
ˮ־׷ͻ֮ټһļԷһ޵ٶ걬ޣˮںͻԿǱѾֳʤ޽ȫֽˣϵĴڻ޵УǾ޴ϵǴһĿҽûɫˡ
Ķޣͷ·𿴵˶ħһ˲ɻĶħһ
ˮûгԼУ֪ЩѨʲôĶǲǻãǿ޵ƺʲôˮ۾һ


2064 ٻ壬
ˮֱӺ޽йͨһͨˮˣܹܲ壬޲Լ˼ܹܲǸ
ȻõĴ𰸾ǣͷϵǸɫǿԹһдڣһڼƿԷ֮ͻɢһްΧʱһصһƻ塣
һˮˣһֱΪǸǾϬĲλƿһУݸϬ£û뵽߶೤Ľɫǻôֲ̫̫ǿˡ
ˮҲ֪⻨ΪʲôͻȻôֲˡ
޵ıҲǾȣҲû뵽޻ôǿֻС޾ȻôֲٶȾٶȼ޼᲻ݵϬȷʵֲ̫ˡ
ҪٶȣֻҪٶ֣ܿôԷΣˣһ㲻Ǿǵ飬ҲУ֮ǰĻޣ޿ֱӲ͸壬Űһֱʹȫƻٳ
ٻ壡
ֻΧʮ֮ƮѤĻ䣬ϸĿͻᷢЩ궼ڲͣת΢ɲ飬ٶıţҪʮⲻĻ䶼һɣ·һεĻһ
ȻŶħޡ
ˮɲܴӾлع
Ƕħޣˮ⣬޿޳ʲôޣֻҪУڿԿǺܺ޻߶ħޡ
ħ嶯ǸµĶΪⶫٶҲܿ죬ó͵ϮǱ͵ϮֻҪ˾·һħ޴˵һħ޲һֲ顣
ħ޼٣ǧ궼һֻȻ¶ħޣҲһֱǴ˵
ʱ޳˻еĻսײ˻ΧĻʱֱӱɳȥ
һ㶣ħ޵ʵô
µĻͻȻٴ嶼ǻ֦ҲĻ֦Ҳˮеڸ⻨ΧĻͲôƵġ
ˮٴһ֣һ˻ٷвʧ־ȻûһϢ
컨ɱ󲻴ɣԵȥ˿Խɱ㡣
˵
ҵûʱ컨ûˣɱҲ١
ˮ컨˵
˸һ£컨ҵıܣͷ·ŵֱһҪκģΪһֱʹøоڣϾΧʲôͻٵˣǴҵ컨ɱһֱš
ĵ˵˵ĵ⡣
ˮҲû뵽⻨Ҳǵľصĳ̫˼ˣˮͼ˼ΣʵƵԷ컨ɱ
Ƶ޽ȥ޷Ӵı壬ʱԼֻܰķݡ
СԹԣڸҶˣ
ҩеĻ컨ɱˮɱ
Ļ䣬ˮǶ΢΢תĻ䣬ÿ涼̺ˮ˺ܾã費ϧ˺ܾûпô
䣡
ֱˮ;ɽɣû˵ˮʱˮֱʹͨ
һûٶˮɶܣֻɲܹԷı壬ͨ£ˮһЩ֮ǰĶ
Щ䶼һֲٶȲΪ̫ѾʶԿ·ǾֹģĲÿһ䶼ûʲôǧ䣬ҾȻһεǴһ𣬶ˮ֪һʲôˣȻôֲĻá
ǹ

ǰƥܳ԰ѹ񣬾ǧƥƥҲǹ
ÿһ仨жע˼ˮεĲʲôǧ䡭
ǻڻת֮ǰһִᱻתжܶ⻨ܵĹǿ
ֲôֲҪǿ֮ǰɱĹƲǵˡ
һҲǺƣһķôôǿԼȻһֱ򲻵ȥ˭Ҳκβ˭һ뵽͸оܲˬߣһߣˮдоȻһ˿ȶ
ˮֱͨӾһꡣ
ž
һʻˡ
ˮٴα˳ȵʱЩ𶯵ˮ۾һʶȻ֮£ܵЩĹƵʡ
ֻܸеһ䣬ЩѾˡ
ˮڲͣĶɽл᲻ʱļ̤һ£ÿʱͻһ仨ѣһûˣһ£컨еˣеһֲֳȡ
һȣ½ʱˮͻûƽսֱһӻٵٶʻ
ԽԽȣѾˣʱˮִ컨˻ϡ
ž


2065 䣬񴫳
һĶ⣬ˮڻϴһ⣬һ°ѻˣԼһ˴˶⣬һʱ䱾ӱܵĻͻȻ״ˮȥ
ʱĻѾȫˮһˣ컨ɱɶˣɱˮƵģƽҪֻҪ㹻ʵֱǿƻɱ
֣
ˮһʩչ֣žһѾѣεĻ̫Ѩλôȥ
һˮҪ̫Ѩʱ򣬻ָˣȻͷѸٵĺмٴݵѣΣʱˮָһһѸû뻨С
Ѩ
ѨǴһѨѨ룬ٴηһķˣҽбˮһ֮ܿͻᱻ
ˮҡҡͷܲϲִݻԷɱԼοˮоʲôˣһʳѪк֣һ֣ɱ
ûû嵹˵ϣΧ컨Ƿ׷µʱˮסˣȻ뵽֮ǰ컨֮Ĺһͨһˮ۾һ˼

ˮΧŶɫֻСصĽɫһ߶񣬿ޱȣʱΧˮתţνˮΧ
һƬ䱻һ紵ˮΧ䵽һɫԱߣȻͿǶ仨ֱӻΪ˻ҽ
ɱ֮Ŀֲ
žͿˮԷɳȥеĿΧתʼһɳȥȻûӣˮѹʱ򿴵ﱧϥǣڷѾʼһ˿ı
ˮûй˵ϸϲãѸٵĳȥ˱סĴ߶ľ֮ΪʲôңɵŮˣ
ҧ촽˵ֻ΢΢۾ˮϹŵ΢Ц
֪Ȼ˯ˣˮԼ˯ĺܰŮˣһʱҲˣȫչ¾գĽëϸܣںϸһѩϸ֬һִµĸоֱͦǣһ촽͸¶ޱȵջ
˫§ˮʶĶˮ۾һͷɱ۾ŮˣֻˮѾ֪Ѿˣ֮ǰǲƣҲܵ˺Ҳ˯ˡ
ˮֽᱧ

һ۾û뵽һ˻˯ţ˯ṳ́ʵ
ˣԺǵֻҪˣʲôҪҡ
ˮ˵
ţ
Ӧһһ˿ů
һռ绨һˮٻٺƯĿռһЩӰ˵Ķһһһ飬ѤĹʡ
ˮ˳һܷĹεһ㶼һĶ
ⶫһóˮûü˵ʲôҲûüⱾֱӵУԼС
һʱ䣬һѤĹν֣ˮҲ֪ˣһУһ֮Զ֮ֻҪԵɺϻԶһ
ִֻܴŮˣˮ֮ǰŻҲõУҵС
һǰ˵ҵ˱ȽǺϴеǺ϶ȲߣԶҵ·ȻŮ
Ǳ⻨ԶģɼǺ϶Ⱥܸߡ
֮󣬻һͨ飬Ưȴû֮ǰĹΣҪڽʱԼָǰһŮ֮ǰǲٱġ
ƽˮĿŴʱˣ֮ǰˣѩ׵ķ˼С䣬ϸ֮ǰʲô
ɵôʥ֮࣬ǰһֻʣе㽿Ҳеۻе
õ塢¼ѩȵȣЩҲᱻһЩһֻҪǻͻˣǴ̵õ塣
ô
ˮû±Цʵ
Ҳ˻ˡ
ֻǵõ˴УţʲôУ
ˮʵ
񴫳У
ˮһ㶣ΪǻУ߻ӴУû뵽ǻ񴫳Уʱ˵һ䣺ǺܵейϵԳΪӣ顢ʲôġ
⻨񴫳õˡ
ˮЦ
е㲻˼˵õġ
֮ǰƯˡ
ˮЦ˵
ϲ𣿡
ˮĻȻתһȦˮ˵
ˮ̲סһӿ죬ĸоôû뵽˻ľٶתһ̣Ʈݵ˿ΣǾѵʣˮֻǶʧ
֪Լڱջ󣬵ȴ޷ĸо
ǻ񴫳еĹǵҪ¶ҲҪ¶ʲôֻ̬һɵĶһʧǡ


2066 ˵ã
ˮ
ˮӣеֻûʵˮҲڱԵò֪ԣǵˣˮôԵģ֪ˣ龰Ըⱻʧֱʧĸо
ָоһ񣬶ĵ黹źܴĺôģοǿϸϸĸ޿ɿܵջҲһ飬еǰĿҩðе˳Ƭҩͺˣе˳ҩܺãҪ룬еĴ붼ܺãֻܴΡ
ˮعϲ
ûʲôùϲģִߡ
ҡҡͷЦ
ǲῴ뿪ģҲһɶ꣬Ҿ͡
˵쵰
˼æ˵סˮ졣
һ˿㣬һرĸоˮĿڱУ̲ס۵һڣĸо羪ŵСһֵˮһۣؽһ˿δй⣬ǴԺеķ飬ŵķ顣
úã˵ˣסҪǸʱһᡭ
㡭
ˮٺЦЦסֳСٴŻȥ
˵ֿĲһ㣬ЩһֱӵǣֶѾϰˣСıϣż磬˵˿мˮϣȴһ˵ĸо
˻һ⣬Ϊ˵ӦڸģһˮģҲǵùȻһʵǿܶ˶ڻϡ
һεõĺôҲǺܴģ˵õ񴫳Уʵˮٴη䣬컨Ӱ죬ڵҲǺܲһ壬ɱҲֲܿ
ˮҲ޷ųΪ޻иѰһ·Ȼٵķɳۣǿıﻹǻᱻ޷ֵġ
֮ǱһҪصϡ٣ܵǣһ·ҲûзֱˮҲû̫⣬ϾѰģû̽Ѱֻһ·ϾļʻϿԺˣһصһɶꡣ
С㣬ûʲôԸˮںҲϤˣȻڵĹϵе㲻֪ô˵ܵ˵ҲǺϤˡ
Сһ֪ʲôܣЦſˮ
ʲôСһҲ֪Сɣٴ󲻺ˡˮ˵
˲ܸˮ˼һ֪˵ʲô֪Ҳֵ֪һﻹһӣԼץġ
ˣҴˣԭһΣòãˮ˲˵ˡ
Ҳֻˮûôǰ޼ɵ˵ЩåǺ֣Ǻ˵ôҪǰǲģԼ𡭡
㿪ĵ㣬֪еå˵вŮ˵ŮϲˣʵʵģҲӲͷƤģұġˮӺ棬ϡ
ʲôʲô߰ģֻ໥ϲ˲ſԡ˵﷢©ˣҲ֪ô˵ˡ
ˮǺЦҲǣϲһ˵ЩῪģϲˣå
ûֻǲ֪ôǲǻоҲŮˡ
ҡҡͷ
ǸŮô᲻
ɱ˵Ŀ⣬ˮĻȻֹȻ󿴿죺ҹɫ
˵꿴еĽ𣺡е
꣡
һЦˣĵˮҺۣһᡣ
ˮ첲Լı㣬ͬʱҲģΪ֪Լ˵Ǿ仰ƺ񣬵ҲźܴõģȻҲԼġ
ˮ֮ǰǲõЦУЦûǸЦòãȴǱЦһϵ𺳣ˮݲȴޱȵĶȴ֮ģǸо𺳵
˿ˮǴŤһ£ˣ
ˮͷɮ붨һ㣬˺ܶ࣬ǿ󣬵ҲܣŮ˶ڵˮһݳޣڵһξҲһָڻǶ᲻һе׷
ǰһһƶȻӡȻһŮˣѾоƽûйƽƽѾˣҲԼһֱ¹ڻ
ˮ۾Щȴ۾ͷŽߵˣʱԽĸоԼ֮ľԽԽֻϵģһϡ
֪ˮѾŮҲкӣһŮˣмԼҲѷɫŮˣ֪ԼôȻûϲˣڶ֪ǲϲˡ
Լô̤ʵĻԼҪǲϲ
ԼûжԻˣԼȵãԼά֣ĵҪַԼԼô


2067 ſ𣿷
һ뵽ͺˣҲǼӿ졣
ˮܵ˵ôҲǲ⣬ۿ˵ɫʵôˣǲǲ
ˮ˵ŸϽסûз巢Ȼְ̽ס
ˮǹеһů˹ĹػиΪԼڷ絲ĸоǺܺõģЦû£ϲǸǸң
ˮһŴʱεŮˣȻĶͷûзհ
ȥ
ֱˮؿһ¡
һһƣˮ֪û£ǿЦԾƵ£Ҳû뵽һ˳ŵ£˾ѹˮϣҪ;ôɺϵӡˮϡ
ֻܰСƽȵǰš
벻̣ˮһѱס˵ֻûжΪ˺ܶࡣ
˱Ҫ뿪Ҫֻǹʹ뵽ԼҪˣԼⱲʲôҲû£ûϲˣҲûкӣûкǣ֣˵ʲôˡ
ûжǰԼˣԼһŮ˿ܵĹذֺˣı۾
ˮɵˣ֪Ůʱ۾ʲô
˱绨һ촽ĸоˮһƬŮ岻ϵĲܿ죬һôһ˽Ӵ
ˮıĸƽõֽ֣ˮȵŮ˵ʾȻޱȵУôһСᣬˮסǶСûһ͸ܵıз΢΢ĴϢҲǲӿ죬ȻıסˮһΡ
ˮһķˮ֮ǰ΢ĴϢǸߵתȻ󣬵ˮߣˮ֮ǰ
˲̧ͷˮﲻ֮ǰĸоûиܹģѵǺһĸо
ˮе಻ԣŮˣֻҲ̫ˣˮֲŸոͦϣʩչ֣ˡ
С㣡ˮķ۱
ţ˱΢
ˣҿǴСڵˮЦ˵
һ
ˮа취Ů˿Ƿϵģֱһ˾Уˮѹ£¿žǻʱ۾ɾˮְѳֲס
ʥдޣϺˮЩѳֲסţͦεôļͦˮϿԸܵǾ˵ĵԣ˵Ķ
΢΢ۣûһһѹ£û뵽һ˸йǸоĺںܲ·ܲ
ˮȥ·
˵
ˮһЦˣҸղŸоòãҪҲ
ˮҪ̫ˡ
˵
ˮȥɣҸѷ硣
ţ
ٳʱѾָˣˮ֮ǰԼתŮǲǸԼﾷεŮǲ
ˮ΢Ц˵ôʶˡ
ˮЦЦ֪˽ܲͻȻ̫ܣ֮ǰҲеͷˣ鵽Ҳ֪ôչ׷󣬵ҲӱܣҪԼźܲԼź
ߣȥǰϢһ£Ե㶫ٸ·ˡ
ˮ֡
˴󷽷İֵݸЯǰȥҲһĪܡ
ˮҵ֪ûκκôȵʱȻ㣬޷һεĽѣͲҪ֪ˣҲûбҪˡ˵
ģ㲻ģҡˮ˵
ҽҲʲôƵģΪԼҽκβκζʱʹô棬ڵĲʵʲôĻǲǿһ治һɶˡ
Ը˰ɣ
ʲô㣬벻˵˵
ʵ
ˮоǺģ˵ʶǲ˵飬ڿԼл˺ܲλˡ
ʵûʲô룬ûҪʶ½ҲûͳʲôģҾﺢӹӣҵŮ˻飬ҪһʱʱУս񴫳ߣЩɼڶоԼ֧Լˡˮп˵
˾еΪʹţеΪ˳޻ţΪܶʹɻ߳ʧͻȻʧˣԺ֪ô˼˵
ˮڲ֪Ϊʹǳޣʹɻǳʧˣ


2068 ߲СҧPP
ȥˣˮٴǰѾ뻨ˣһ·ѾɱֻǿޣһСȺɱ˷䣬ȻСȺĵҲֻ
ˮþֱӴȥˣ뵽յɱ˷䣬Լ籩һĶҺһϹƺܲҡԽǽӽ¶ԽߣĻȴԽޣһޣ˵ԪҲһˣˮܼһɶܲĲ˵˵ϵļ̫ãˡ
ˮüͷһֱţºǿĴսٻиĿ꣬޲ߣ뿴ŮԼǰʧһԼľ֮ҲһܾΣоԣܱ֤ܾʱѹ
˵ѾˣʵӹʱѾˣʵѾӲĳˣˮüͷȫſˣ͵һʱ⣬Ѿʵ
Ư
ָԶˮ˵
ˮһٴһ㶣ⲻǴ˵еԸ
Ըһ쳣ɫľǿ𱬣һ겻ǺܸߴľȴرǿңһεĹӣӱΪԸԸ־ΪԸġ
˵ԸصһһԸͻʵ֣ˮеƣûмԸȴǿˣ滹ʮԸ
εĺɫӣɢŨ㣬Ŷˮˮֱͨȥ

ˮһ㶣ֻӵʲôԸʲôԸһˮϱȴٴһ㶣Ϊ滹и֡
ˮϽϵĹӿȥ
ң
Ѿ̺꣬ǿȹ̸һɵΪȹ̸һɣһɵǱܺ츳ϴһɵĽǾĽⶾãÿʹһţʹţֻ֮ĽⶾЧߵζƷ
ˮɾһͬɾֻԪЧÿ˿ʹһţʮԪûбЧǼֵǵĶ
ˮֻĽⶾЧѾӣĵĿˣĲԽˡ
˵Ը
֪Ը½˵Ըӣû˭Թʲôġ
ԸԸʵˡ
ˮЦ˵
ȻŮˣʵЦŵͷңңԸ۾
ˮʲôԸ
˶֮ʵ
˵˵˾Ͳˡ
ʵ˿ԸܵȻ뷨ûʲôΣգرĹϵܵˣں𾪣Ҳſĺ˵ĸо
ãã˺һĪԵ֣Ǹĵ񣬿ǻѾ춼ˣôҪϲҲ֪ΪʲôΪʵǿΪϲһ˵ɣⲻǷǳϣָܻϣ֣֪ܿҪϣܰҵָһ롣
ˮĬĬţһʲô˽ģǷĵģڵԪǷֳһ뻹кܶ࣬ĿҲ
İ̹ϵĬĬԸܸܵ
˿Ըܵϣû뵽ԸָԼһԪҪ֪ԪĶ¹ϵٺãǷҲָһԪԷģϾ˽ġ
ĲܴһһУֻˮӣкӣЩȱ㡭
ˮ֪Ƶ뷨治֪ô룬һ򵥵Ըϣָܻ
ˮмӣ±Ըǿʲôġ
ߣȥӰɣⶫӦúܺóԵģ˻ͺˡ
ˮЦ˵ȥ
˸ϵЦݺչɣһַĵЦЦݡ
ߵܽʱˮɫһ䣬һҧһȥǻ˻һˮ֪ˣѩϼ˪һ˲ˮһ߲Сߡ
߲ɫѤ߲ɫǶ֮ߣȻСָϸĳ߶೤ٶȿɽֶۣ߻ġ
ҧˣˮʵ
ѸٵѨѪҺ£ˮȻ߲С߻ϣҧŵĲλȻ̻ͦԲβˮһ㶣ȻѸٳ֣ʹֱסߴλá
Ҫģһֱó¯ס
ʱѾʶˣöߣˮڶ֪ʲôһڵɫ֪޷ϣֱӽóһŴſ档


2069 ߲
ʱѾˮץסβ·ֱ˺ˡ
ƺ˺еѩһƬӿˮ˫ۣһڸŬԼƽǷһϸСҧۣʷۺɫζˮϽס
ˮԥʲôֱסʹһڣȻ³ٵͷ³ĶǷۺɫѪҺܹ죬ʱˮѾʲôȥʲô֪ʲôʱѾˡ
˲֪ʲôʱѾ˹΢΢ͷˮ
һһסûпֻڲԼβˣһʱ飬쬵ģ
һ̧ͷˮ֪ôһӺ˵ĿͷҲͲȥˣҲཫǶˣ˸ǻҵĶ㿪ˮĿ⣬ٴţһˮ
Բ˺·ˡˮε˵
˲Ѿ֪Ҷٴˡ
ԣȥ·ҵ㣬ȻͿ԰Ѳˡˮķ۱
Ǹ취̧ͷǿ˵
ˮﲻ֪ʲôζͷҵҽǹӿˡ
˿ˮһ˿˵һ֪ô˵һ䣺ʵϲ㣬ֻǡ
ˮҲˣ˺һᣬһľٶһоˣϲŮ˻Լֶ
ˮʱǸоԼܱ򵥵ʵҪ̫ˣˮǰܷſһʼ͸оԼ䲻ΪѾ˲ŮˣŮӦӵһİ
ˮһֱУռҲкܶ˵ԭˣıסǿ󣬵ҲܣѾкܶ಻ĵ飬ҪٸԼźͲˡ
ˮһ˲оԼһչˣҰƺҲ˺ܶ࣬һ˵͸оעȫһСӳһĸо
ˣˣ
Ǻ쳾
ˮڵѪ罭һҲǷ΢ı仯ʵҲ΢һأһΪ;ͷ·ˮˮһһ΢ɲı仯
ˮԡһůģ˵Ѿȥ·ˣָһسɷ
˻һ·ѩ׵ķ£·ȫģϻ΢΢źΣĳˣˮ̲ס뵽ԼĻ棬Լ·˺ôӣʲôˡ
ˮ֪뷨һҪԩΪûп˵˫Ȳţһ˿϶ûУˮûпʱҲûȥ
ţˮ뵽Ǹ߲Сߡ
С㣬ȥСߡˮ˵Ȼһ¯ȥ
¯ѹȻܲοˮ֮ǰѾץסСߵʱѾߴ磬ʱûΪоСǸߣС
ˮ¯ѾήҲСûУʱ򿴵ˣɫһ죬־Ȼĳ߳Сߡ
ˮҪֹģûгȻͿС߾Ȼ˳Ĳ˵ֱۣ쳣ĺгһ߲ʻһ
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ˮˣ֮ǰͨһ߲СߣСһ־߲ʻһס֣֪ⶫԶķʽҧһˣҧ˲ֻԻûԣһһʱͻ
ˮڲ֪ôݣԼ׬˸ƨɡ
СԺʵҲСһôСôֲԺӿֲˮĵ˵
ϧ̫СˣҪ֪Ҫã͵СˡЦ˵
ЩҩԸһ¡ˮóһЩҩӵݸˡ
Ầɣ˽ӹʵ
뺦Ȼһåˮݺݵ˵
쵰һ죬ٴ뵽ˮ
ˣ˰ɣˣܴ첻꣬ǿǿʵˮ˵Ȼȥ
ֱӰĹժֱֲɾС
Ȼʮ˹
ʱ߲С߳˲ٵҩϹ𵤣ھȻгϸʮ׳ˮȵǾȻСԴһһ֮¹ǣСԴȻһƯͷ
߲
ˮˣѵ߲֮ǰһֻ߲Сߣ仹ǣ
еС֮ǰȴǴ˺ܶ౶ɢֲϢֲֿһʵֲֿΣյϢʱΧڿշԾò
˿Ŵʱ߲仹߲ҲǺܿģϾôһֻƯǿ޶ǺܿģСƺͻܿġ
ˮСһ߲
˵ĻˮɻˮٴͨʱѾ߲עδꡣ


2070 ˣ
߲
ĴڣŮ˻ǵˮֱ߲ţȻͿСһֱһһĽҳȥͷ΢Զһĵطˡ
ҪǴ츳ĺö߲˵Դȥһһ߲߲ÿ߲ĵطб
߲İıɣǴͷ
ˮҼԼѾ˰ңû뵽֮ǰһʵͻƣһˮаգûоԣкܴİա
ˮΧֱӻֽһЩݻٵͳһԹˮų޺С裬ϾûҲûʲôΣգڼ󷨸£ֻǲһЩʲôԭԼ
һ˳Ȱҩˡ
ˮó屶ҩȻҪԵҪʱ䣬屶ҩʡʱ䣬һǲǻԳԾͲ֪ˡ
ûԥֱӳ屶ҩȻʼҡ
߿ԺܾòԶһҲԳԺܶ࣬ӻǺɳȥ
ڼĸоߣ˸оȻѾʼǱȻȻǱȻɫ΢ףΪǱȻѾʼǹӵ
ȥñǿġ
ʱˮһָ˲һ˵˵壬ֱӽɢˣеĽⶾԽԽ࣬Ȼʼٴκͱ
Ҳʼˮʱó룬ֱ룬һӷ·𻮽һñ޷ۣȻˣĵԽԽ󣬾еһС
ˮǵֽȥȻֱ֮ǱԽ᧿ΣĽⶾøǿڲϵڻձ
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һֱڵıǳʧˮɿȻ󻺻Ľ˳һɶˣ컹ǾҲŮˡ
Ҳøʵ˺ܶ࣬˸ǵõ߲
ֻôˮ֪֪ǲĴίֻܺõѣ֪
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𸮵ˡ
ˮȻԶѾԷ·ϵı־ˣû뵽Է׷ﻹǿ󣬲ʱˮã棬ʱɲʱˣʱΪ˵ԭ굢ʱ䡣
Ϊ˲񣬵ȷʵʵһҲŵǰʵһǿĴڡ
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ô˵֪һǿĴˡ
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һǿһɹһҡ
ʱ𸮵Ҳ˲ԶʱһϤǸСҪú
׵˷ŭڼſڴ˶⣬вôҲ£Ǵ𸮵ﻹû˸Ҵ𸮵
ˮŶཱʮˣֻһʶģǻ𸮵ҪӣߵмˣҲˡ
˵ߣƽʱúŮƯǸ
˵һˣе죬Ǻġ
磬ҪңʲǸŮ棬㲻˸ô
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˺ǺЦ
磬Ǿô˵ˣʵǿģǻ𸮵ţҲҪ⡣
ѵ
㿴ʵʲôӡ
ŵ˵


2071 һĴ
ˮЩˣ֪ЩҪùˣЩ˵ʵͲԼˣ֮ǰ˵ʵѾۿۣˮ֪˵ʲôʵоԼҪߡ
ˮڵʵҲǺֲܿҪʵܶ࣬Լʵӣ籾ʮʵ֮ǰܴʮ˺Ĵʮʮǿƻ
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ǽƣνĽƣҲֽƣƣȻֻһƤë
ˮɣʱȫͬЩ˵Ҳˣ翴һȺСһЩСıźܶǿˣЩ˿ɲʲôС
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һѪ˵ɳȥˮô׷һ¹ˣûа²˴ˡ
ǲ֮࣬ǰǾ֪֮ĲʲôĻڶǻȴһжûнˮĹǶôķ̣Ĵ


2072 ƣ̫߿
һУһֱӽƴˣˮɱֱֿɱ˶ԷˮûбҪôںͻ𸮳Ϊвʲô£Լ뿪ﵽԶԶҲҲԼ
ˮûдһֱڱҲѭһϵ¹ƹжһ磬ÿ춼ڷźܶ顣
ˮ˻Ȼףż죬Ȼ˵Ļˡ
˫ȴɸӣ̫ˣƿǻһϵǿߣȻڻһǰ嶼ˣɶҲǺᣬһʤƵģǴͷһʤƵľǻǿҲ
һôµ飬ƴʱֻֿŵĿˮȿ޻ѿЦݣ飬ˣϣ̧ܸ֡
ˮû뵽һȻôת䣬˾Ҳô˰ɣ˵߻иûгء
竣һ쵰Ļһ㣬еСеʱϸ˲ԼǲѼԨ
ǶԷ޷ͼԿˣԺһȻˣ˵ʱ⣬ţûʲô˻һӶòñˡ
ÿԼͿ뿪ȻҲԲѡ񣬲ʱû첲ȫȫҾͲܱ֤ˡ
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ˮ˵ֱӿʼˣһöɫ䣬ϲĲҶĲ࣬ر£ˮҪǣԿԿ϶һ˳ܲסġ

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ˮҲ֣˵ʵĺ̶ܲȵϵģοܴܲǻ֪ҲǺŵģ仰סˣǾͰ׻ˡ

ˮ˵꿴ˣˣȻǶѡˣǿˣ°ɡ
ڽѣٳ͸ˡ
ߣʱǷϵ˾ˣ˵ҲǻᣬȻǿ԰ϣϡ
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˵ˮ߽ˣóǵҲѳȻûҪˮ˼ˮҲںһ
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нһƽսꪾͳˮУֱһɽȥ
ĸӣˮһ·ɽһѹ
ǰˮѾﵽ˾أһҲܱһ㣬ڵľֵһᣬڵľǰһʵķԾĽƣ֮ƣ֮
ԣ
ƽսصĴѻϣˮ˫ͬʱȣˮֻõʵȻܺͱԼǿܶʵƾУҶԷˣʵԼ֮ࡣ
˵Ǳҵ˶ǿ󣬵ڻӦֻǸ߼ˣ𸮵ĵ̿ɼǿ
ˮûʹû֮Ҳûʹ׷ûʹͨеĻƽսֱһɨһޱȿ񱩵
ʽܿ죬ԷҲǺˮײ˫һЩж֮ԿѸٵĴǧС
ˮÿһײԼ壬ԽԽǿ֮ڵҪһ£ǰ̫ʺˣԷʵÿ˶ʮˮֻͶԷײԸոպãĻǲҵġ
ԽԽ죬ˮĹʽޱˣѰ̫ԼдѨȥˮûʹ̫ļɣײ
ȴԽԽľֲ̫ˣȻܺԼ˴ƽ֣ƺûһӣƺԪޱȵĳʵǶѾоˡ
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𽣶ѣƽսֱӴ˻𽣴һ˵ļϣֱҿ˶Էļ첲Ƿϵˡ
ƽսǺСľԴ͸ЧˣȻԷɵˡ


2073 Ůģص
һˣˮҲû˼ˣοԼĿҲﵽˣһսĴӦЧǺܲģеĻƽսֱһֱ̡֮һϣûƽսʹóˮʮĥһǴ֮һûȫ£ھ˲֪ٱһȻҲ˺ܶܶࡣ
һӡӻƽսֱꪳӽʣµǸץס
֣ûƽսʹó֣һӽԷסˣ֮һĻƽսʱպô˵Ŀڣֱӽɳȥһ·ѪһЩ඼˳
ˣⱲҲΪָˣָܻһͲˣΪˮЩʱ֮ܿ˱пɺ֮ҪŮˣһŮˣ˾Ҫץ衣
СطİǣǾЩӣǺһǴ壬ЩӵĵλͺܸߣܸߣҲǿ
ˮ֣ͷˣ߰ɣ
˵ͷ뿪ɣȥˣﻹҪ
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ȻˣҲ¶ĵ΢Ц˺ܴȣСǼĸҲظ֮ˣ̹Ȼ˵ǰˮʲôڴܻǺܶ˵ġ
ˮûиоˣʱܲɵơ
ٴס˵֣ȴǷŮһ
ˮˣŮ˺ˣ֮ǰˣ֮ǰΪѾ˾ͷʱʲô鶼ܿÿصʱԽ⿪ܶƽʱ顣
ǵǰʱиˣͨˣԱϲһŮȴǲ˵ι˵οУ̫ԱˣöԷܽԼıףϲԼŬܾÿ˵
޳˰ѪѾûжԻˣʱͻȻʲôҲںˣҲĺܵˣ뵽ǸŮҲʲô£о̫ˣȣʲôҲ㡣
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ߵˣܶ˶֮ܵõһ˿һӸıˣһҲͻƵġһͻƵĵУһܽһİٷ֮һ
Ծһһָ֣ǸƼ绹ڵľݴ½һ߶ǿĻ˶ǻõ޴ĺôġ
һʱ˵ĵõĶʵ̫ˡ
ˮ˵ɫǸܵĸܣ֣֪һζʲô˵ɫԼϸ΢ķӦϣΪѡ
ˮֻɿֻʱȴͻȻץס֣ץסˡ
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ˮЦЦ֮ǰҲΪܵвԭ򣬵ˣ֪ܻǵһ㣬һǸоһ˿ԥϣ֡
ˮҲ֪㣬Ҫˡ
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˵ˮѾ˴سǡ
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Ļûй꣬ŨŨζ̶̵ļ˾һҪתۡ
С㣬һ𣿡
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ţȥͻ˳ǡ
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ˮоУﵽ˳ֻҪ̵ܶʱ䡣
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˻صã󻢺ܿģ⼸첢ʲô鷢ѾˣΪ֮ǰ飬ڵǾģû˻úҡ
˭֪չûеõôмͼҺùϵܺãǿǼͼҰļ֮һ˵ûͺüнӴ
ЩطǲܳˮǲôãȴǸоԳΪһŵ㣬ʺϳԺܻҰԶ
ˮʵȦУһ˽ˣҾȥЩ鲻˵ڽɼһ
ˮúܿŮˣеĻʵеȴǲܸĺҲǣʱҲķֿΪ֧ԽԽԶһֲɸıʵ
ֻһпܵĻŬԼźж︣Ǻúӱ죬ԼԶǣҲԼԼȦӣԼŬ
ˮ˺ܶ࣬Ȣ滮ŮֻܸǱϣ۸ǣǵѡṩǴõĵػܸǶ߻Ҫǵĸ˻Ե


2074 ůѾߣ˳
ѾָˣҲˣˮһһ㶣֮ǰˮһźȥһˣҪһңû뵽ôˡ
ˮʱû˵ȥҲû˵˭һȥڿһһ㶣ʱһΣΪˣȻҲǸԳˣǸоŮԼѷɫһܳζҪ֪ôûоŮˡ
ôˣʲôˣҿžˣѾ뿪ˡ
濴ˮĵʵ
û£ȥҷҩģѾҵˡ
ˮ֪˵ԼԾͻһ˵
ûټʣ˵˾䣺ͺá
λƯ
üĿһת˵
ɣҲƯ
Ů˵ûʲôӪĻ๧άһӦˮûʲôӪŮûʲôɣô佱˰ɡ
Ů֮ǺģܶʱǲģΪˮû仰Ů֮ʧɢ׽һ
ˮΪ޹ؽҪˣ˺Ů˶ʸŵģͣԲ죬Ͼ¥ģ̾ʲôﶼнӴȻһ֮ӵʹȻ֮ĽϺܱ
һλˮͷ˱仯ǰоŮǲôôȺòԸҲˣǺ飬Ѷ˺ãо̫µ
ˮȥŪԵģȵòã껹ûء
ˮ˵æź˵
ˮκȥ˼ˣȻһЩƾͳˡ
ƺúȣˮžԺ㲻ˣһᱻҪҸòãٿпڸ
ȿھֳԿڲܵ˵
ˮЦЦպòůѾߡ
ȥɣСůѾߡ
ĵˮһۡ
ûˣӺӶˣͲѾˡ
ˮü˵
ˣҲǺǴӦҪǵľ¥½صġ
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вȻҪƣϸ㵽Ҳſȷʲôҩѡ
ˮЦЦ
û⣬ǰҽƻҪһЩʱ䡣
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ˮͣһ죬ˮȥ˳ǣˮ֪˳óͼһһ㶣˳ǾȻǱĵڶǳأűԳǡ
Ҫ¥˳տá
ˮǴʩչУ˳ǻǺԶģˮÿ룬Ҳǿһ͵ģϾÿξжǳ˰࣬ÿ춼ʹʮΣ㹻һˡ
ͼϵķ˳ǳصһֻչ᰿ķˣһɽܴһɽڱһǷɽ˵ĳֹˣ˳Ҳǵڷɽ
Ҳ֪ڼóڷɽ¡
ˮͣǷɽ˵ʵͽڷɽۣ֯־ͽзˣҲͽзˡ
ɽ̫ˣ֯ڵɽλʵԶԶɽϺ֣ľͩľֲ󲿷ֶͩľܶ඼ǲĸоͩľסˡ
Ƿɽ˵кܶˣһ𣬵ɽе㷢죬㿴ЩʯǵɫģǺܾúܾǰֻЩͩľ棬ֲ޷
֯뿪𣿡
ˮʵ
ᡣ
Цſˮ
ŶףܸܲڿɲԴҡ
ˮʵ
֪Ӧÿ԰ɡ
˲ȷ˵
ˮӣԼеƣŮҲУʵڱԼǿܶ࣬ǿٲ֪Ϣܰ磬ɲĸоڸǵõ˻񴫳У߲
ˮ֪ԼĴ򲻹ŮˣԼڵʵӦûв
ȿȣŮ񰡣ѹô󡣡
ˮһ䡣
ʲôء
һ䣬ʵѾ֪ˮ뷨ʵֻܸܵôһʱ뷨ڸֹʱѾ㹻ɱٴˡ
ΪսҪ֪ҲܷסΪ룬ʲôҲ̫ˣ֪ԷҲûа취Ը
ԱܿԷɱУöУȵȣȻֲʵԽǿԽֲϿһоͷʤˡ
ǲйϵˡ
ˮٺٵЦ
ʲôϵ
˵ɫе죬Ϊ뵽Լˣƨƨˣй


2075 Ҫٸ
ٺ٣ҿǵһױƨɡ
쵰ôȥ
߲εĵˮһ֪ԼķôˣǷ˵˵ȻһֵߵȻ
Ҫٸס
˲˵ֱǰȥ֪˾ֻԼ޵ݣ쵰ԼﲢֻеĻţǰûеĸо
ˮЦŸȥˣҵĴС㡣
˭ĴС㣡
ͷҲصǰߡ
˵ģֻһ˵ĴС㣬ҿɼǵá
ˮЦſӰһĲɽˮ֮䡣
Ժˣ쵰쵰
˵
ˮĻ޵ݣһȻôóԼ˵
ðɣǻ쵰ˣҪҲƨƨ
ҲŲףˡ
ڿҪˣһʲôҲ˵
ΪﱻҧҲҵģԭôΪǡ
ˮ͵͵˵һ䡣
һ㶣ͷˮ֪װģ΢΢Ķţѧ۸ˣ֪Ƕң˵ģҲᶪ㲻ܵģԺ˵Ļ
ˮٺЦˣƨɵ龰뷨ȻӲǰˣ־סˮĶ䣺ǰ˼롣
ˣ˵ɽûб
ˮӣ֪ʿɶֹȥȻ˷еģȻжһЩĵζҲǾϵͳҲҪжȣӶ˼˶ķеġ
Ȼа˳ÿ첻ŵɽ̽
Ȼ˵
ҪҲȥѰѰ˵׼ջ񲻴ıء
ˮ˵ֱӷųޡ
ΪôѰôҵıͲǱˡ
̾
ǺҲһѰްһҲѰޡ
ˮָָޡ
ûֻ֪Ѱޣҩޡ
ǵǿңҲû£Ҵȥطǿı
˵
ˮ۾һ˵ɽϣôɽ˽Ȼ˵ˣϾ˶࣬ÿи鱨̽ⱦʲôģһ˾ͽ̽Сӣÿż嶼ʵ
Сӵ˺ҪСӵÿҲǺҪϾѰһҵʲôпܻ˽Կ£ϧ໥ɱЩ˵ƷҪܸߡ
ҪϸĽƶȣԦ֮Ҫ£ҪǾȻһõЧ
֯Ȼˣɽϲ֪̽˶ٸطֵıҲ٣Ȼܶ඼ǲģҲҵһЩıҪǷһЩĵط
˹ȣ
һĵطƺʲôεԻãԷ˵˾ȥ޷ʲôȴһֵֺĸоб
Ҵȥ˹ȰɣиµԻӦԻҲȫȷûȤȥﴫ˵һ˵ĳѨһúܴܴͩľ
˵
ãȥҿǸ󷨴ʦʲôҶơ
ˮٳƨ˵
˿е㣬֪ˮ󷨣ˮһξʱҲԭ˲뵽ȥ˹ȿʦ٣ƽԶʱµ󷨵ʦ̫ˣû
о֪ʦУˮӦǿһ
˹ȲԶϾڷ˳еһɽѾɽˣǿٶޣûж೤ʱ͵˷˹ȡ
ɽʯɫȫǳɫˣ¶ȱĵطҲһЩ£ȻǺĶ죬˹ȴһļ죬Ǹµ졣
ΪȻͨһẹ£˵ˣһжˮûκӰ죬ûһκȻо΢棬˵ˬϾĺܺãǸܲģǿҵڣԶ紺һĸо
ˣ㿴ǲʲô󷨣
ָǰɽȿڡ
ˮûпʲô˵ǽȥ
߽ȥ֮ûзʲôͬһɽȣֲïܣźܶ޴ͩľرмǿãΧԴһɽһˡ
˵кܶˣˮоһ˼壬Ҳһҷɽ߾һֻˡ
ǿ˵еĴڣˮڤҲǷ˵һ֣Ѫͳķ˲˲٣˵еѪͳҲǷŵȣ޵ѪͳȼɭϣѪͳϲȥʵͱȲͷ·ͬһ٣һʮһ٣ǽһѪͳߵľ
ˮĿͣЩͩľϣɫԽԽأͩľܶ࣬ãһоʲôƺһЩ죬ϸǿʲôΡ
ҲоЩͩľ⣿
˿ˮʵ


2076 󣬸񵲱ɲ
ˮҡҡͷǾ⣬⣬һ󷨡
᲻а
ʵ
˵С㣬ˣΪԶܣһжᱻᣬٵٵĿܸ󡣡
ܲ㲻˵ûƲ˵𣿡
Ц˵
Ȼơٺ٣Ҫһʱ䡣
ˮЦЦȻʼ̤У濴ʲô󷨣󷨾ͨȻ½ǰġ
󷨿ϹʱڣȻԶʱµ󷨣ӦĳЩʱǲģˮоԼӦܣҲӦá
˰죬ˮǿʲôãʵҲûб̫ϣûиоʲôˮڸǲʲô
ˮڵϣôһֱЩľʱһĹȥ
˻ʱ򿴵ˮһ΢Ц߹ȥˣ˵Զʱµ󷨣ȴԵˡ
ܸо⣬ʱʲôٵȵȡ
ˮûлͷ
ˮִŵģײʱܿ͵磬е̫ĵߣ̫ԽԽͣ䵽ɽȣбб䵽һƬͩľС
ͩľԡϦ͵ʱˮͻȻվ۾һͨٴγ֣¶˿ĵ΢Ц֪ˡ
ˮӰѸٵͩľд󣬲ǵĻľ£һʱ֮ˮ˻һƣԶһͩľ¡
һͩľĵǰͻȻһһ¸оͩľƺ˺ܶ࣬ߴͩľΧȻһ޴ĵΰӲ
֮ǰûģһ֣һ޴֣ľһɲһһСǲҽȥģˮȻ£Ҳһȥġ
ˣ
˲˼ĿǰһС
ǣ˵ģûĲôǲǸоҺ׳
ˮЦЦ
׳ʲôϵ
˺ˮһ

ˮһصĵȥ޺ǰ棬ˮҪ⣬Ϊ˭Ҳܱ֤ǲΣգҲ֪ǲʲôء
ΧԺӣͩľԺУǵǰ档
ׯ԰ڵĴţԵرͻأˮ֣̽ңңһȺɫƿ
֨
һƵ𣬴Ŵ򿪣һķ紵ˮоֵֹģɫҲе㲻ȻˮЦЦں£
Ҳ֪ô£Ǹое㷢
ü˵
һʲôΣյĶҵֱһǺ׼ģҪСġ
˽˵
һȣ
ˮó˸ݸˡ
ǾµС˲ʵʲô
ҵģһ֪ˣǺö
ˮЦ˵
ⶫȻǺöʵԽǿⶫԽ죬񵲵Լͬʵ˺˵ʵֲܿرǹһ¸񵲵˺벻춼ѡ
ˮֻʮһĹֻܸ񵲵ʮһ˺
˵Ĺˮ֪ԱڵСҪǿǿ٣пԷӳֲá
˻ˮĻˣˮẦˮȵãҲһΣˮҪҲˮԹˮ
֮˾ˣȻֺöĴڣ˵ĹԶԶĴڷõ񴫳֮ѾֲˣϾ컨ɱ󣬲һֱʹãȻĵıҲһֱʹãⱦͬѾԼӽƤλγһεǿĵ
ˮǱܹصĶе㲻ʡ
˴ʱˮ˵
Ϊʲôʣ
ˮЦˡ
Ϊ̫ˣô͸һʧܴġ
ûʧҿİǰġ
ˮ˵
ʵҲܵĺ̹ϣʵԼ뷨ԼǾģѾ˾˾İõĽˮ͵ĶĹ
ˮ֣Ҳ컨ꡣ
ʩչ컨ɱǻʩչҪǿܶ࣬ЩҲǽӲӵģ̺ǿһֹ
һ߽Ժӭһޱǿ쫷磬һЩĶ컨Ĵˮɫһ䣬ɽ˲ǰ棬޺Ҳھɽߡ
͡
ˮоԼƺܶˣһֹŹֵĸоҺоɽȻ֪ܲܶ㿪Що綾ĻҲо綾Ķ̽ذԼ綾ϸţëĶ룬ӾޱȵķһħģޱȵķˮûаյֵסǺâ⡣


2077 ħҹħħ
̶ײֵɻϣƵײˮǿҲиԷҲǺֲܿǺ˵ĵ
ˮϷһ亹ҪûоɽҪû񵲱֪ôΣն˵׼
ҲǺ£ˮ㵹Ǻö١
ûˣʲôͻ״Ͳ֪ôˡ
ˮЦ˵
ѾоĪΣˣӦòʲôˣߣȥɣ
˴ͷ˽ȥ
ˮȻæϣ˱־룬ΪǶʹ߻Ĺˮʩչ֣ǹһģ˵컨ɱ󣬿̶ֲȱˮڵֻҪ
ſҲǹţһƿ
֨
һֳƱص·Ƶ֣źܴÿһȶʮңʮ׵Ŀȣ߽ӽīĴ͸һļµĸо
Ŵһӷùζ˸оܲҪǶΪˣһ¾ιȥҲпܣùһ̶ҲǶ
ܴһۿȥӣѾһĻҳžҪ̤ȥˮϽסȵȣЩӦҲһ󷨣ȥ˵׼Ҫʸ顣
һϽ̧ĽŲ˻ǶôǺ±ʳ
һȥʲôҲֻܿЩӣʣµʲôҲûˣˮһᣬѾˣʮħɱļǿ棬ʲôͲ֪ˡ
ʮħɱϹʱڵĿֲǼǿ棬Ҳ󷨵ļǿ棬ˮϹʱڵʮħɱ˲١
Ϲŵʮħɱһӣе󷨻ʮħɱĻ׶ģͷ·Ҽң׶ľǼǿˣҲֻһǿ׳ĶͯĳӻŲСĲġ
һͻᱻ޵ĽɱУǺֲܿģ󷨵Ǵ½֮һһǿʦ׵ĽһǳػǿԶǳزɱһǳضᱻ
ˮʵʮħɱ
ˮʼ󣬻ٵۣмҪ󷨣ȻΣգ󷨲û˿ͨ󷨵˻ǿгɵģûԭвͨģΪĻʦ޷ġ
Ϊ󷨵ҪУ
ˮҪȥȴǱˣΣգ
ڵңǹҡˮЦſŮһŮˡ
Сĵ㣡ɿ
ˮ΢΢ֱӽС
һˮƲһһʱ䣬¶˱ĿܵǽڵʲôĶѾʾˣˮԶһǸӶˣһۡ
󷨳ƵۣȻᱻ󷨽ɱǽҲҪеÿһʮϰֵѡǰ˷ǰһʮľ룬һ㶼ᱻɱǿ󷨣粽С
ߵˮָԶܵǽ˵һħӦǺܾúܾǰħ
ˮͷǽϵЩÿһξͻһд֡
ҹħͼţ֮ڱɺҹǾԵĺҹһĴڣҹҲûãҹпöɥʧһսҹħһ
ˮһͰ𾪣ⰵҹħǿ󣬲ˣˮ滹УЩһĶǶȻǾ綾Զֲܿʱ䳤˽ͷӦԻá
ħߣħԱɱɽҪħգһĹƵԷķ˺Ҳ˱廨һ£ΪӰܴԺǿǽһļⶼ͸Ͼ̫ˣ㽣ȫȥԷоʹ
ˮ뵽ͷִҲѲǸˮдִ֮ͬǿǺֲܿġ
ˮ˺ܶ࣬ЩԶʱڵĿֲħÿһѪħһĴڡ
սսǺЩսսʹЩħ
ħò˵ҲؼĳǵĹٳɣһ̶ϱҪںܳһʱսǴѹƣˮ֪ЩħûдھݣЩߵľܴܲﵽ˵
ˮоеԼս񴫳ߣԼĻƽս̫ˣԶʱڵսƽսûƽսӦмʶǾħҲмʱֱӴıըǾħﵽǸħľ硣
һħûһħľۼأˣЩǼǵģӦʦ񣬲ħûджþûˣڷʲôˮͲ֪ˡ


2078 ˵ʥ
ˮ뵽֮ǰҹħͼţͼӦ֣ħߣҲ֣˵ҹħҲãħҲöǵһģӦòǵһģⲻһУ˵İҹħ;ħ
ҡҡͷЩˣˮʱſǸڵ֮ǰˮÿʱ˶߰һ𿴡
ߣȥڵֻһħֻ˵һЩħۼʲôĿܺС
ˮѾʲôϣˡ
ţˣɣ˵׼ҵһıҲ˵׼ء
Ц˵
οûаȻҲ֪ˮһǿʦֻû뵽ôǿ󣬾ȻƵԶʱڵĴܳԾҪ֪һʦرһǿʦǶôĿֲ
ԶûԸȥһǿʦʦһҹһǳظ̫󷨺õĲǿֲģҪһǳҪȫ񼶵ĲƷǸһţֻҪĶԽǿ󷨵ĺҲǸֲϲУôɱˣ󷨱Ǹʱ򲻹ʲôֶۣɱʦ
ԾǿʦҲҪһıӣʦҲһģֻҪǿȻܶ˶룬ڴ½ʦֱӽ֮ǰŸ飬úܶʦְ£ʦļ˶е
ʦֳ࣬ǿʦ࣬˵٣ο񼶲ϱǿʦҪϡ٣Ҳúܶ˵ķʦҲͲô˼ɵˡ
֪ˮһǿʦȻǺ£ܺõ飬οһѣ뵽ָоһ󲻺˼еˡ
ˮôƣŮһĴҲ֪ʲôܳһΨˣˮе㲻ԡ
̧ͷˮɻɫе㲻˼ʱˮȴ˵ǲң
ʲô˲ʵ
˼Ϸҡˮ˵
Ҳٻ쵰㡣˱ˮĻҭһ˵Ҳеûĸо
ʵġˮ˵Ͻͷڵȥ
˿ˮеĶӵɫԾһȻĻȣ̧ϣһʱǹֵһʱ䡣
ڵҪдĺֻܶ࣬ǵļӣʲôҲûУû󷨣мʯ̨֪ǵõĻõģ⻬ȻҲǲʯͷҲкôˮֶ
ţһ͹𣬻᲻ʲôأ
ͻȻ۵λһȭͷСĺۼֻ΢΢Χ΢һ㣬ϸǿʲôͬģһ㲻ͬҲġ
˱˵߹ȥһ֮ǿ΢΢͹ȥˮʱæ˵šһȦ룬ٵšȦšȦ롣
Ȼ֪ˮΪʲôô˵ǰˮ˵ģšһȻһ
ڵ΢΢˲ĿˮҪɣ
˵
ˮΧϵصʯм
ʱ䲻֮ڵԶһǽϻĴһʯţ֮ǰʲôûУһ˿϶ûУŲֻ˲߹һҡ
лأб
ЦЦˮգգ۾
ˮ絽ˣӣС㣬ԺҪٸɫңŲҡ
ˮͣȻ˵Ȼ֪ˮ뷨
ȥ˭ɫ㣬Ժôġ
˺ݺݵĵˮһۣǽľˣˮôҲߴ۸Ŀ
ĲģһҲģۡ
ˮ˵
ˮʱﲻ룬Ȼûо쵽ˮ뷨ܲµ˵ʲôϾЩҲ֪˵һЩå˼
²
һŴͷʯȥ
ˮеɰӺܿģһôɰԺ֪ܲܿأСŮ˵黹Ǻгġ
һҾһֺرĺ䣬ˮ˶̲סȵĿŶԷʵо䣬ɼжôı䡣
һֱʯȥҲʮףȻǰһξ룬߹֮һתһңǴģһˮˣΪһʯѩĴðɺ
ʯ
һʮ֮õĺʯĺͺʯϵĺʮǧʯ˵ĺŨɢģҲԲŻо䡣
ȻˮںϿһ̵ͷСĵɫѤޱȣˮͨȥȻˡ
ʥ
ԶʱڵıµľԪ̺ǿŷѪĴվһΰٷְٳɹһЩ˵õ˵һЩʵʮʥĴڳʵֻһЩ˵ս츳ȡ


2079 ʯ˸󸱸
ˮʥһסˣⲻΪԼ׼Ķڤʺʥˣ˵߲ʺϣʥڤʹûκ⡣ˮʥⶫҪ
ĶģҵĶҲġ
Ц˵
ܲܰѺǸĶʡˮʵ
Ҳģ
ǲǲռұ˲˿ˮ֮ǰɫûж˵һ˵֪ˢ
⺮ʯɣöûó˯һźܴĺôˮָָǺʯ
ҲҪⶫ˯Ҳáҡҡͷ
С㣬ģ˭˯Ҳһ˿ۼ⺮ʯǿľ
ˮ˵
ҲҪҲϲҪҲɵġ
˼˵
õĺô̫ˣˮģñǼֵǵĶҲΪˮ˻񴫳к߲иǱʶҪ˵ԼģԼεľġ
⺮ʯôҲҪģȻ֪⺮ʯ󣬸֪ʯǱˮ˵ĺܴ˵ֻϣˮҪŸԼ
ʥã⺮ʯûãá
ˮЦЦ˵
ҲҪ
˺ܸɴ˵
ɣ꣬㲻Ҫ˸ңô
ˮ˵
˿ˮε̾ͷòϿԸߵˣΪʲôҪҡ
˵⺮ʯҲֻõʹã˳ܲסĺ𲻵õãڲʵġ
ˮŹ˵
֪⺮ʯʵҧҧ̫ߵʵʹãôҲǺܴ󣬲ֻܶʱ䣬ҼʱܳʹһΣԼʵĵҲûд
ã˵ˣ꣬мҸоʹòˣ͸㡣
ֱӽˡ
ã
ߺͻȻˮһȥߵˣֱӳΪһƬ档
ˮ⣬úõģôֱˣʯأΪǺʯԭɡ
ˣ
ˮ˵ţžͽзˣŸһ֯ʦͽܵţɵȼɭϣŹҲɭϣͽзˣߴڡ
ÿһ˸󣬷˸ĸǷˣȻмٸԱǿĴڣ˸ʵҪǿ̫ˡ
ȫŮˣŮ˶࣬Ů˺١
ʵǷ˳ǿʵǷ˳ǵףڷ˳кܶʲôĶڷģǻὫ׬ǮһϽˣ˵˳ǵжҪϽһǮƸˣÿطĹأǰ˰һġ
Ů˻Ǹšˮ΢Цš
Ҳ˵ĺܶˮȻЦҪҷ˸ĸ
ˮһ㶣֮ǰڷ̨֮ϻҪĸĿˣҼǵ֮ǰ֮Ļˡ
ӦңҪҾͰѺʯ㡣
Ȼ˵
Ů˲ˢСŮ˺ˣֻв֪вûãԾв
ã˵׸ҲӦġ
ˮɴ˵
Ŷ仰ҿǼסˣ˵Ҫġ
˿ˮˮĻţűεЦЦ
һ·ϵǼ˲ˣеʵ治ȻǺܶ࣬ÿ˶ֲⱱӦǰģ˳ǱڶǳأǷ˵ԳǱһǳأԳ
ˮΪ˸ĸֻܼҪϸӾͿˣֻӲˣֻҪӾӵˣڴ½Ͼ̫ˣһֻƣȻҲкܶǼ¼ڰġ
˸ĸ˸ģȻûκˡ
ߣ˿ԲиЩҺܶ࣬˵ϻи˵ĻǾˡ
΢Ц˵
ˮûʣǺɽۺԺһˣϵˣ˵ʵô̬ӣǽޱȵĴȺͣһһ۾ͳø׽ˡ
үү
Ľе
˿˿ĵ˵ţѾͷˣǣŶ֪ˣ˵´һСӻСӲ
үү
˵ʲôû˵
ѾͷˣôǿҲǸŮӣСӣˣ۾ȻϹúöѾͷǸŮҲи
º͵˵
ˮЦ˵үүģһһӶѾͷõģû۸һҸˡ


2080 붼
ãСеѾͷ۹⣬Ѿͷϵ˾ԲһˣˣѾͷҲˣվ˺ܸߵĵطһҪʱĿ¡
΢Ц˵
ɫе㸴ӣȴǴ΢ЦүүˣЩҪûҶ󡣡
ûѾͷһĺܺãԺ׽ˣ˻ǸԼᣬүүϣҸԸķˣûʲôҲ£ҵ۹⣬Ⱳһһġ
˺ܿĵ˵ƺѾ͸ˮ֮һС
˵ˣүүĸоҺ𣿡
ʲʣԼѾдˣҪ뿪ˣҵûжãһмδ˵Ҳȥ˶ˡ
վȥ
үүˮǸǿҽʦ㿴ɣ
æ˵
Ҵ޽ҲȲң˵ҲˣѾվˣ˹һھǶһЩʱѾûκ壬Ҳˡ
˵ѾʧԶ
е꣬СԺеһУ˵ʲôоǸˣ֪ĬĬİ˺ܶ飬˺ܶв˵ˣȻû֤ݣ֪ġ
˰˵Լĺһ˵ʵҲɲ⣬ֻƽʱϴӲ¶
ڷб֪ôһˣǷ˵ˣ뵽Ǹ֣һߡ
֪ԶҲˣҲǸԸˣ꣬ǺܼǿͷˮߣҴȥ˳ľ¥Ⱦȥ
˳ľ¥Ʈ㡣
¥־ͽƮ㡣
Ʈеţò˵ľȴǺŨ˳ǾŵϺŵľ¥ˮʱ˾һٽλá
ƺʶλС㣬ʵˮһˣܿ˵ĺ٣˿ֻоģ˾ʲôӣֻܿˡ
Ҹ˵Ǵһ
ʱԶһһС˵
а˸ˣŻʵ˳ǵΣӦһֱߣѪҲɱ
ʲô飬ʲôǴһġ
˵Ǹеɢļһһӵζ˵⣬ͷеɢңòһֱ
˵һֱ˭ȽϹעأ
֮ǰǸЦ˵
ǻ˵ݵľǷ˳ǵķˣеŮȻûֻһλѾˣҸ߷գһ᲻ҪҲҪȥȡ
һ
˵Ķԣ˵ɰ㵹˵θڡ
ȿھ˵
Ϣ˵Ƿ˳ǵŮѾˡ
ҲɰС˵
˵һˮȵĿˣϢô죬һûгΪء
ȥ
˷⼸㺺֣ǰӲ뵽һ˵ĻֺЦԾľһͨŮ˺˶һǰҲ롣
ֹ룬ˮҲ룬ӵŮˣܶ˾ˮҲоǰҪҪзȣ˲˵໰Ҫһֳ
ˮѧôҲһģоŮ˵Į͹󲻿ԣŸ߹ŮǶͷĤݾֻǺܶһ
⻹һˮоǰԱˣͲҪװʲô˹ˣôôɣŮǰܷһҲ
СԭֹԸΪС㸰Һ硣
ˮƱһڡ
ܲ˵
˵ѹʹܸоû·һֱĸо
ˮ΢Цſˡ
һ뵽Լˣĵͷ˵˵ûռϷ磬ÿζЦ
ʱһ˵˷˳ǣƺǶԷɽͼ˵ҪҪȥ˱ţ
ɰС˵
صˣԷɽͼ
ʵ
ֻЩǶԷ˹Ȥ˵˹б˹б֪ܶû˿ԽȥЩǰҲ֪ʲôͷ᲻Է˲
ˮˣȣˮѾѷ˹ȵƵˣѾΪ˷棬ˮȵǶԷ֪ħǾǵѰ
Է᲻ħˣǲħߣ
ħģӦ֪ǺʯӦǳźʯȥġ
˽ûж˵ʲôȵ˸䡣
ҲǿˮӦǺһŮ˵һο䡭һ뵽е㼤ǸŮ
ܱܲ˼룬Ҫôľ˼롣
ˡ
СҿƲסҲʲô붼𡣡
ˮĿˡ


2081 ħ
˿ˮ˵ƤôҲ˵ǰҪˡ
ܲеϢ
һۡ
ǺϢʵҲоҺгϢ׹Ҳ׹ƨƨ
ôȥ
ܲˣˮȥûȴǱˮץסС֡
㺦ˡ
ˮŴʱ޵Ů΢Ц˵
ˮ֮ǰǾ仰ǺɱģرǸ޵ݣʱÿԼ֪ǸԼڵĶҺɱҧĲλһͺ޲ð߲һ١
˭ˣҲûߡ
˵
ÿǸס
ˮ˵ŲĴչȥ
ˮΪʵʱ˶ܣǰ˵ԼҪʲôģʵ˵⻰ӣҪַֻʽסܶ˵죬úܶΪƤ񣬲ȡЦΪƤ񲻻оô
ʵкܶ˶һӣԼԼֹߣʶʱ˵Լ֣˵һԺӣʵ˺ӵģͺͷ˵ԼԳһжǶס˵죬ñȡЦԼ
ҲôƽĿˮʣ¼ʱˮôҲղȥҲ֪ΪʲôεЦЦ˻ղųԷζá
û
˵͹һ䡣
ˮȻˣ޲ֱȥסˣڻ£ڷüͷ΢΢źһ˵ЩӦǳħġ
³ħЩΪﱻٶ˸󡣡
ˮ˵
Ȼ˵ҲҪ˭ȣЩǳħôЩкܿвħߣΪˮ֪ǳŵǺʯ
ʯħбΪʥѹڵħԣк񴲿ѹڵħԣԲԼʧԣԼʵٶҲ
ԺʯļֵħߵУ޼۵ģͻȻˮɫˣֱֱĿˣ۾һգգ
˱ˮķëʵôˣ
ûв´Щһ˿ԸӦںʯλãӦѾ˶ˡ
ˮ۾ܿ˿
˼һȻ˵ȥǣֱ뿪
Ȼˣ߲˵ģһȥҷ˸ģȥô
˵
߰ɣѾˡ
ˮָָ档
˴ӷֱӳڰУΧֻĸˣΧţվһ𣬿ˮ˳֣¶ĵ΢Ц
λ֪Ϊʲôǰɣ
˵һźɫµӣ䣬ƺͺܴƺкᣬ˫ڣܺÿȴǸое졣
ˮҡҡͷǲ֪Ϊʲôǣ˭𣿡
Ҳʶǣڷɽһˣԭġ
º͵˵
˿˵ʱҲһĲһֱˣһֲ׾ķ̰ĿⲢˮоʲôķӦģģֵѾܺˡ
ͨһ˵ʵǿΪǰͷһͨˣ󲿷˿˵һоǾ޸о̫ˣžǸо䲻ŮˣŮҲῴԼκν󲿷ҲȾָ֮ġ
ڿռ뷨һ㶼вʵȻҲһЩԲеΪǵļһ⣬ȻʲôԲеĶ档
ѾܵλСϣǺҪϣСܻǡ
˱ֵĺ
˵ͯԨǲǿСƯʲô뷨˷ʲôˣϲĻСҲ¡
һ΢ֵ˵
һĺ⣬еշһͻокøУȴһᣬۣɥɨüһ⣬һ˵һСӣݵǺܰף룬һ˵֮һ˺ܲ
ŮҿˣҪȢ˵
ͷҲص˵
Ů㣬ȢҲԣŮеŮˡ
ĸһ˵
һһˣûκص㣬վվڼ棬ƺ磬ֵĸоƺûˡ
ˮעľˣ磬ˮͻǰ磬Ҳ˵ߵĴ֮̿ħߡ
ӰħߣӰħĴˡ
ǹȻħߣЩˮǰЩħҪǿĶ࣬ڵˮʵڱҲҪǿܶ࣬ħߺս񴫳߶ȻиԵɱﵣֲܿĴڡ


2082 սħͯԨ
ˮ˵ܿ쿴ĲˣǸͯԨӦǼǿֲģǽħߣǼ˵죬ħΨһģǿĽħħߴڡ
ǸҲһħߣѪħĴߣǸǼħߡ
һӳĸħߣһǺǿĴڡ
˿ˮҲоЩ˺ܼ֣ҪǸͯԨˣעˣˮܲˬ
ûҪĶ㣬ҵŮ뷨СΪһ̫ࡣ
ˮָͯԨЦ˵
ҲûзԣȻ֪ˮƵԷֱˮҲܹ죬ĿڶǸͯԨǺϵŮȴǶԱˡȻ
Ůˣ˵ŮˣŮͯԨҲùԹԵóǺʯ־ڱصãˣǲҪǸûʵõǸ
ͯԨԵĿˮ
һɵƣ߿ˡ
ˮͯԨĻһ㶣Ȼ˵һ䡣
ˮ仰ͯԨҲһ㶣ˣû˺ô˵ˣȻһδɵСɵƣ˵϶ôͷŭر
Цˣ˵ͯԨԽԽȥˣǺðţ»֪ǵݲ֪᲻ô֡
ǸħҲǹһ˿΢Ц˼ҵ˺ʯҵôˡ
ǸӰħһֱû˵Ͻħʵǿ治֪˭ǿһ˲䣬Ͼʵ⡣
ǼħԼϴˣʶľͿȻһˡ
ˮд˵
һ¼˾ȵĿˮ֪Լ˵ݻô˵ǿʵ̣Ǿɵƣ˿ʲôɵƣѵһµţ
˭֪ǣ
Ծ֮׺ݵĿˮˡ
һ֪ˣôǲǸоⱱ˿ɵУ˿ɵΪΪˣ˻ֵ¼°ɡ
ˮЦ˵һӽʵת۷塣
ս⻷󷨵½ļӵԼϣʵֱһء
Ҳǲ˼Ŀˮһﵽ׶ʲôܵʵӣ˵ĸǿˣʵѾֱֲܿӴ߶컨ɱҲһѤĻ
ˮֱӶǸ
ͯԨȻҲˮˣͯԨЦˣֳһտɫĳˮѾĲˡ
˪ݣ
һѺǿĽԵĳǿԪˮ𾪣ǿֻ߲ʵʲôҲޱȵǿˮֻǰѳ֪һУˮʣ󲿷ֵıԶᱻƵġ
ɣǻһϰɣ
ˮóԼĻƽսЦ˵
ˮҲǼԼûʹˣЩ˵ʵˮֻܸܸţܸܵԷ׼ʵ
Ȼ֪ǼûнĻҾһˣǸүǾ͵һôҲ۸һŮˡ
ͯԨųǰһ
һ·һһŹֵĸоˮ˼һǲľ磬ѾӽԲˣֱ˵磬ʵٶҲˮѷɫˡ
ãȴһԸ㿴Σ
ˮЦ
ͯԨҲЦŵͷ⡣
룡
ˮ˵һξ룬ͯԨҲǽŶͬʱҲ˵һ䣺ְɣ
֣
ˮ־ŶתֻתķͬγһȦֲĽɱ
ħѽӰͯԨߣɢɭɭ⡣
ˮҴ⣬˵ʵԼǿܶ࣬ʲôʵˣֱӾһ׷˹ȥŻ֮Ҳ˹ȥ
ͯԨһӱһٶȺɵʵܲرٶȣҪ֪սٶȱʵҪҪûٶȾͺѴжԷǿʵܴжԷõġ
ͯԨܲˬϢһʵֱɣʵָ֮ǰٶȷʵ޷صеĳֱˮ
һ
мҳһӾ֪Σˮƽƽһ޴ɶĸоǽ⣬ǽƣ貵ı֮ˡ
ˮ֮ת۷壬ƽսҲ貵Ļ棬ʽʩչںڶ似еĳӭȥ

ˮӰĺˣҲˮ֮УʵԷԷҲͻ֮׷нĽշħûҪǶ̫ǿˣûл֮׷ԵһеϺѳɹʹϰٴγɹҲᱻԷһЩ
ˮɴ಻Щˣս⻷󷨣ЩһУҲǺǿرˮϵԼı⻷ЩȻһУҲˡ


2083 һ˪ݽ
һɱϢ˳ŻƽսꪳˮУɵĴ˸ܿоһȵϢ֣ϳ嵭ǹɱϢ
ˮͯԨҲǺܲ໥ƵϢȻоˮĻҲǺܰԵֻһĻͯԨоϾˮ˻
ͯԨˮȻû²ɵ۾һгһٴˮȥ
Ӱ
ͯԨеĳʱתһĴˮĿڣתһ˿ն
ĴҲһˮ֪ĵʺܼӲмʹǰڱĵط״ڶĿǹǳһ˿ڶǺѺѡ
ͯԨԴһ˿˿ĺڶѾ൱ֲˣһˮľһʮᣬʵ㹻ǿʱ򣬼ǲ԰׵ģȻܺӼɣ׷һش򣬼ɺÿʤǿиȡ
һ
ˮ֪ԼͶԷʵϲ˺ܶ࣬ҲֻˣԼԼսʱɵӡ
һǱܶľ񣬸ǿȥԼһĸ״̬类٣͵ȣһΧĿ״̬ĿǰֻȥԷİٷ֮ʮ
ˮͯԨȥһһ
һĿɵٶȺʵ߽ĿٶȺʵ
ͯԨһȻǽͶԷʵٶȵġ
ָ˲ʵһӱһȥһ룬ֱһԵɵʵٶȣʵɣٶȸǱɣûҲɡ
һٶʵֲ̫ˣͯԨжʧཬߣ׾ʵĺñء
ͯԨˣ˶ʲôֶΣ֮ǰĹȻˮϣȴû˵ԷҲоǼˣֻҪԼʹɱﵻǿɱԷġ
ûüʹɱﵣԼٶȾͳˡ
ͯԨ侲ˮûٴ͹ֻǽеı˪ݣıʢˣ˫ۺµĲȻȴһɡ
һ̤Χƺսˡ
ˮһ㶣䲽
ˮ߲Ź֮ͬֻǱˮʹõҩտ
ˮ¶һ˿΢ЦӰһ̤Ź
ˮڵٶȱͬԴҪĶֱ̤࣬ϣȻúܶĿһĻˣͯԨ̤岽ʱӰȴֱһΧһ˿ѣˮ͵̤һͯԨӰٴһ
Źƣ
ͯԨֱӺһڵϣȻûʲôƣǱޱȣ˼ĿˮȻҲ䲽
ҵĿɲ䲽
ˮЦЦ
ҲòǿĿǿ㲻Ӯңǵսûн
ͯԨˮһƬᶨҲڹ
֪ģķ񡣡
ͯԨͫױīеĳѽӰѾ˪֮УˮܵͯԨʵٻٶҲһһЩڵʵȴǱһʼƺҪǿôһ㡣
ˮҴ⣬սеĻƽսꪣֱʹ˷Ӹӡӽӡ
貵Ĺˮ壬ˮڵķõ˿ֲܵ˺õܴļ⣬Ĵ˶ԷĹ
ҴȱΪѧҲԱΪƺͿһ
ħ⣡
ͯԨӰһ㣬еı˪ݻһƬӰˮһȥ
ˮоһص綾һвϵ룬˫۶Ƭ˫Ȼŷһ˿⡣
ͨ
ˮĽӰһӰһһˮ
һ
ˮлƽսȻĿǱ֮񱩵ӿһ˲ͯԨɫˣѾȫͬԴʶĲλĲλ
ˮĹǺܸߣڵԼǰ⼸λ˺ܶ࣬Ҳʮһ㣬һǿԺЩ˲£е㲻磬ˮЩֱӸ߳һΣһο̫ˡ
䣡
ͯԨֱӱĿѪɳȥǰѱ˪Ҳַ˳ˮֱһֽ̽ץУһƬ䣬ȴ
ı仯һ˶ֹˣҲסˣȻ֮ǰ֪ʲôԭܿͯԨٶܵӰ죬ͯԨʹýħľԵѾ״̬ɿе㵣ĵʱȴѾˡ
ȴ̫ˣˮˣͬԴȴǱشԶԶˤڵֱιȥˣһ֪أ㲻ҲҪܾúܾʱˣԺ·ܲӰڶ֪
ˮеĽɾŻƽսͯԨȥ
ѾӮˣôҪϾɱ𣿡
һһӰһѾͯԨߣˮĿɱڡ
Ǹһֱû˵Ӱħ


2084 µӰħӰħȭ˭
ÿٶȣڵˮҲӰħٶȣˮŶԷԸѾ˵õġ
Ѿˣ
Ӱħƽ˵
Ŷ˰ˣС㣬߰ɣ
ˮЦЦͷߡ
ţ
ˮӰħ߲ʵʲô飿
ǰѽкʯܽҲ׷ͯԨ顣
Ӱħ߿ˮȻ˵
ҵĶûܴҵĶ
ˮЦſŶԷ
ŶҵҪԡ
ӰħߺǸɴ࣬˵㶯Ӱֱӳˮߣһȭˮȥٶ̫ˣһȭֱˮԴɱ֣ҪǱоǻġ
ǶԷٶ̫ˣˮһ˲佫ͨ˵£ӰһŤܿ˶Էһȭ
һӰħ߾ˣû뵽ˮԱܿӰħȭ
ӰħȭӰħʹȭȭ¿Ӱ٣ɱҲһ䣬ͬʵ˸㲻Ӱħһȭ˵ʵԶԶˮ
ٶȾοӰħҲһȭĸо̫ˣҲ̫ˣһоûлĿܡ
ˮѾ亹ʪˣѸٽʹ֮ǰ˻ûаӰħߵ£Ȼ֪ٶȿ죬û뵽ô죬ˡ
ֿԽɱתܣΪˮȡʱ䣬ԸֲֿٶȵĴõģ֮ǰ֣ôǱ
ͨȻһоҪʹˡ
׷֮һ
ˮֱӽЩʩӵӰħϡ
ӰħƺмĿˮһۣһɫĹʹãž;ȵĿˮȻʩӵԼϵָֻܻٵһ㡣
Ӱħ߲ûлңһ̧һһѨˮˮ㣬ȴǶ㲻ѨУ·ǦһоҲأɢİɫϢѸˮָ
һԵˮĵĸŻָ塣
Ӱħ߲֪Լˡ
ˮҲܳԾӰħôֲˣȻٶȵԼٶȵһ
ϧˮһֱȥˣӰħߺƣƵѪ˴ܣԷĵֱӰеĵնһһεģҪֿȭŵĶִȻޱȵơ
ˮٶҲܲڸǰ󷨺ս⻷ٶȼӳɵģԼվٶλãˮٶȱӰħ߻ҪǿһЩ
ʱӦӰħӰħ߸оֳԺֱӾӰħս񴫳ҲսȻǴߣҲ˵սħˣ˫ֳذס
һڣһѩף˫ذ
ˮû뵽Щ˵ֱʻ治Ҳûʲôʵûǲֵ顣
ӽӡӸӡӡٴδַӾѧûʹһοԳһʱ䣬ǺܳȴǺܰԵҲСԽǰԵľѧԽ󣬱ս⣬Ͼܶĵġ
ˮԪ㣬ĺοĻָǿͼ޺ˮĽ߳ɻ࣬ڵˮȻ˵ǸȫӻԪҲܳ죬ֲܿˡ
ˮһֱӶˣеĻƽսֱһӡ
ӹӡ
ͯԨ˹ıˮ֮ͨ¿Կ壬黹ǾˣΪǴ˱壬һӰʧˣʣµһӰΪ˱壬ȻٴλʱˮҲ嵽ǰ
ˮˣһκˮУܵı۾ʱӰħˣȻٶȲ֮ǰˣǿֲرǽ񶷡
ʶ
ʱˮʶ󿪣Ӱ龳
ʶɿʹͨȻֱ֡
ˮо֮ǰӰħӦбȻôĹ졣
ž
ץסӰħı壬ɶԷΪһԷٴι˹һûٻûӰ
Ӱħɱ
ۣ
һ֣׳ˣˮһ̺侲˫ذ˲ֱһٶֿ͡
Ӱħ¶һ˿мЦݣ˵һ֣
ֵʱӰħҪ⣬һˣһذһֱӻˮĺ
ԣ
ƵһӰħѾѣˣˮٶȿ𻨵һ̫ѨѨҲһ񾭷ӦѨ
ɽţľ
֣Ѩ
ƽսꪣսѨ
ˮĶ𻨣ѣѾˣȴޱȵıŤ·һԷʵԼö࣬Ҫͬʵ粻֪˶ٴˡ
Լ˵ʵǿܶ࣬ԼķƲԼھȻ彩Ӳֻаķݣ˵죬ȻֱӴԼУѾˣڳѪλˣûһ˿ơ


2085 ˳֣ȫɱ
ӰħˮһݺݵĴ˳ȥԸĶֲ飬Ķֻһν־Ϳˣ˾ǳװˣ̧ͷˣҲû̻Ļᡣ
Ȼûг׷ϵӰħΪΪѾۿۣһϲḴԭصİⱲ군ˣնС
һʱѾˣǸ󺧣ʱˮѾһˣһ٣Ѿܵ˺ܹ죬ʱѾʼùˡ
˲֪ʲôʱѾһϽ߹һ˫ᶨ۾ˮסˮ
ʱһ˫۾׶ˣˮ޲ʳ⣬һ˫ͷȻ˫ͷʲôص㣬ˮ֪˫ͷҲһĸͷ
֪λǲǻҪҵĶ
ˮЦſǸꡣ
ħһĺѿ
ˮһ˫¶ļµ׹⡣
ˮһֱתţиħԼ׽ѾˣһĹǾΣˣǼħһǿɱУ㶼㲻
ˮԷĻɫҲһ䣬սħǶģɱЩˣΪڵʵɱǻ鷳ڿɱˡ
ҵҪ˭
ˮǸħ
ɣ
ͻȻһֱӱһһ޴ӻеľ޸ֱˮ
һǿ֮ˮסһֵ类һž޴סһ
ʱħѸٵ乭ֱˮһ
һ貵һˮ
ˮɫһ䣬ʱӰһѾˮߣеĻֱӴǵļ
˵컨ɱоͱɱ󲿷˵һֱӴ֦
ʱľ޴ͷˡ
ˮҡ
˵еĻһתӭǾ޴ĸͷȥ컨ɱƵˡ
˵ʵˮĸѾֲĺܣЩǿ˲٣˵սֲԸЩ˺ɣֻ컨ɱͲǿƽġ
˵컨ɱĻǿܶ࣬ʵǸ߹˺ܶƵùķʽƵЩ䡣
ԣ
˵ʵرҲǿȫǹֱӽǾ޴ĸӸ񵲿øַȥ
һͼħ֪ԼҲŮ˵Ķ֣ʱһ߲֮ɫһȻʧˣоһȻʧȥ֪
߲
߲ˣСһҲСϾֻ֣ˮһ߲뵽ѩ׵Σ̲סѩ׷°µΣ״ţľˣķˮеڸ
·ܵˮǻȵȻͷˮһۣ΢죬ܵˮ뷨
ͻȻżħȥͬʱӰһȻǰĶ˼ħʱһ
Ǹܵ˼ħ뷨һ뷨Ժ׵Ķ˹ȥս֪Է뷨ĺô⼸֪֪˷ܰսʤ
ˮһ׷ͻ֮˹ȥ
һӲüħԵͬһֱ˺ͼħȥ
һĿɵٶȺʵҲԼĿɵٶȺʵȫˮһ֮䡣
߲ٴγֱ֣ӷŵˣ߲һĶֱöԷɥʧսֻҪһӲξͻ߲ԼһѪͿԣڵˮԽҲ˵
ڵ߲ɲǸһʼʱǿ̫ˣ˵˱ҧǲǶˮҲ£ҪǶֶġ
ͼħˣر̫ˣħʵʵֲܿرǱϧˮˣһ˵סˡ
ħϣһһ϶ֲҲҪһֲսһһ˵ʱҲǹʱͻȻʹȻ޴ĸͷɱȥ
䲻ʱֲҲѲƤȻʧҽиɱУԵдпҲǸֲɱﵣϧҲûʹó군ˡ
ɱͼħȻӰħͽħҲܷŹ߲ȥˣȻֱһѻﻯΪҽʧӰ٣ȻˮһƫԶλá
ֱӽʯ˳
ˮͨ𣬷ںʯײһѪҺģǰħµħ֮ѪֻħĿԸܵʯǰݸоֻǲ󣬲Ӧһֱ˶ţˮһ⼸ħ׷˹ϧʵãҲ㵹ùˮͻƣƶκһУӦò䡣


2086 ˮҲ
־֮תǿԪž֮߶Ȼǵħ֮ѪĨȥЦˣ²ҵõˡ
˵ˣһʱ͸㡣
ʯ˵
ţãʵԺиõģʱԸҲУѵ֮ô𡣡
ˮĿˡ
ɫе㲻ȻˮһʱҲ֪˵ʲôǸֵŮˣϴˮǸоߵͷҲǸʱŷһ£Ҳǣֻˡ
ˮʱǴȥˮһ꣬˭֪ʱһ궼Ȳȴû뵽˵öлԪõ΢ӳ
Ҳ˴Ѱһ򲻸ˣŲĶ似͵ǰһʱ䶼˿һ˲ϵһ֪ˮ
㲻ȻΣգ㰲ȫȹûҵһɶ꣬ҵң˵ҽȻȫԼǷһ
˵׵ˣһɱңҲо׵ˡ
Цſˮ
ͻϹ˵ôɱء
ˮҡͷ
Щɲ˵˵һǾͻվڶһ棬ʱô죿
Ц˵ƺϲԼ˵龰
ˮԴ޴־ʲôʥˣʲôΪ岻һУҵŮħͷҲվһߡ
ˮܸɴ˵
Ŷġ
Цſˮ
ģҲں˿һ취κҿҽ
ˮǺЦ
ʱҪСģҪչˡ
뿴ˮ
ˮһ㶣뵽õ˾޴ĺôڸкʯԱչȷģٴγʱӦûӵҫۣʱķ˿չ᰿֮ϣΪľ֮ϵķˡ
չرҪңʱ֪˭ʱһ޵ġ
ˮ˵
ԼҲ㣬Һܺúܺá
˵
黰ʵ黰һ˵黰˵黰ġ
Щ㣬õģʹ÷ʲôĶ档
ˮһЩĵҩһݣչصʱõϡ
ţ
˽ӹӦһ
ˣ
ˮ˵
ţ
ƽ΢΢ˣˮЦЦת
ˮ
ˮһͷܵסԼˮҲס
𶯣ҲĹ
ץסˮ֡
Զ𣿡
ˮȵ˵
Ҳֻ֪֪ڲܡ
˵
ˮ仰˵ˮĹϵףʵѾȷ˹ϵϧǲˮ˵ҪϴһΣ
˽һˮֹƮˮȻû㣬ŮԼ㣬Ҳõ˾޴㣬ϵֽȻͬ㣬ǰ飬Ů˵òҲˬоرܡ
ܸܵǸӲĶץסʱ֮ĻãɢȻȻûлŮˮɵ뵽һĺɽ꣬ʱ֪ô컷顣
ֺ˼ˡ˲̧ͷ˵
ˮĵ˵һһȴһ
ˮ˻·֮͵˷ɽȻ뿪ġ
ֱþлص
һγȥҲһʱ䣬˲ٵ飬ɱĸħеˣħӦöħŵģֻǼ㲻ħŵˮ
Ժʵǿ֮ԽӴħţԼҲԼûħţһɢʽһҲͲˣʵΪ𣬲ʲôʽҪʵ
Լǻƽսս֮ףǲȷǲΨһģкܶƽս񴫳ߣǾǿ˭ʵǿˣˮͬʵ޵УɱˮҪľԼʵϾڷԣ̫εĲóɽҲǲ١
Ѿõ֧ˣ󻢺ܿ̿࣬ϧɲһʵУҽܵ˺ܴƣˮĵС棬ǲҪôǿʵҲʩչȻЧ˵ۿۣǺǿġ
ˮҲûߵĶԶҵʼ޾Ԫô󻢵ʵһأĻҽҽҲʹļǿܶࡣ
ҪʵҽֶҪģ󻢵ʵ֧һȫʹˮֻܽСҪѭЧȻҪۿۣҲûа취顣


2087 ڤʵ
ˮھݸоԼ޵֮ˣһĸһ־Եһ޷͵ĶνƶбѭҲŵģⲻţʵѧҲܽͨģҪһ͡
ˮһЩ飬ܶಢҪʲôرͱ󻢣Ȼ󻢸ľ۱һԲڵĹˮĹܷʢϾδ󻢵ĸȫԽô󻢸мˡ
ˮô嫵㷢Ӵ˲ܶ࣬ãã˺ֻǲ׺һŬƴԼõˡ
ʦ
󻢿ˮ֮󹧾
ˮļ򣺡ﻹðɣ
꽥ȥȻϲգԽԽֱʧ
ܺãʦм
µ˵
ˮ⣬Ӻѵÿ㲻ǴϳѪкʱѾˣЦ˵ǲʲôǵĹˡ
ʦʲôʦͽʦᡣ
󻢺Ц
Ҷʲô㻹û˵أ˵ԼҪҰæҪ˼
ˮЦˡ
󻢱ͨˣͨ϶ˣ˺һֱֲŮˣڲһˣȢˣҲǴĸ׵һĲɻҲȶһ᷺ʲô˻Ҳ̣ҲΪһصĴڡ
ҵС㣬ҺԸ⣬ﲻͬ⣬ʦܲܳǲΪҺͮɡ
󻢺ǺǵЦ
ˮˣû뵽ͷĴ󻢾ȻֵСĻģҪ֪ǿȽǰĴ壬Ҳǲ˺ܶ࣬Ȼ⣬˻治˵ûзˮУЩġ
ǲǺѣҪˡ
󻢿ˮ˵
ǱϾͨ˹ģʵͨˣļʵûףԱ⻹СãȻôҲ׷Сġ
ѣֻҪĸԸģʦ˵˵ôôʶģ
ˮЦʵ
ˮı֤رĿģûʦ첻ɵ飬ܿͰ齲һ飬СβǴ󻢸ģСĲһְڵҽǺܲģһҲҽˡ
󻢺òҲֻһ㣬Ŀ࣬ѧ˲ٵҽˮֱΪߣԺǸͨĴѾصתˡ
СΣ֪ϲɵļһ󻢵ȻɵǺ񣬶˵ɵɵʱС˵ϲ󻢵ʱ򣬴󻢶þûзӦӦ֮߹һҲû˵ʲô
ҴСҲǺߣϾŮʶһЩ֪ģһҲˣҲߣڼһֻɵĺ߹˵㵹ϲϲң˵
ϲ̫Ưˡ䲻㡣
󻢺˵

Ů׷иɴﶼҲ󻢺Сȷ˹ϵѾһǰˣ֮ǰˮûл˵һֱڲ˵
һңúŬ
ˮĴ󻢵ļصԼ䡣
ɾ
ˮǿʥɻǱţˮЦˣԼħַеõĺôʶڤ
ֱӽı򿪣ڤ
ʥڤǰɢ⣬޴ĺڷſֱӽʥȥ
ɾ߿գ
ˮڤȼܺ棬ǰ࣬ڤϵĻԽԽһشصľ޴ɫ潫ڤΧĻеڤȻ۳һž޴ĺɫ״ΧĻȼա
ˮģǰٷְһγɹڤɵĳɹʣɹʵһ
һαǰٷְٳɹʣ˵սʵɳʮ
ˮ֪ڤһοԵõʲôսҲ֪ʵԴﵽʲôΣѪʲôΡ
ˮʱ򣬻Χ״ȻըˣˮǰīڤʱڤɢֲϢ֮ǰǿ˺ܶܶࡣ
ڤѪǲڵʵʮˮеƣûƣԳʮ
ˮôˣĲԼѾõ˾޴ıˡ
ˮڤñ˵ļǿˮﶼһ󼤶
Χǧ֮ڵĿѡĽһɵٶȡ
ս⣬͹Ŀɵٶȡ
ѩأΧĿ˵ٶɡ
汬湥ʱž޴˺ͬʱԽͶԷһٶȡ
˫ڤںϱ˵ıں̺ޱȿ񱩵ĿĴ
һںϼҲڤĿǰֲս֮ǰڤͲֻΪʵڲʵﵽʮ˱˵ļĽһǿսһڤʵ
ڤ˵ļսˮ⣬Ǽٵģüˬöֶĵ


2088 ǿڤ
ڤ֮ǰûʲô𣬵ʵѾ츲صı仯ˣ˱˵һЩ֮⣬ԼĹҲ˾޴ͻơ
ˣѪȣٷʮ
ˮеС֮ǰ˵ѪǾȴʵ˰ٷʮǲ֪ôֵģھԱ֮ǰľͼǿҪúܶࡣ
˵ʵѾﵽʮ
ˮֱȥսûб仯
ڤ죬սģõٱʵʹκս͹Ķٰٷְʮ
û˱ʵֻȫʵսҪʵȫͿˡ
߼У˵ǿٶ߰ٱļٰٱ
ûб仯ʵͻ֮ڵڤӦñС˿ѷɫڷϿԳС衣
棺񷢶ǿĻ湥ڵĻԷһУпµƻڷ˵ǿս湥ȫʵһ
սˣ֪ǺûǻĿǰӦòʮʵڤԷһ浽ĵ湥
죺ս湥ӣܵ˺һ룬ģ
ڤ򣺷򹥻̺ſµıƵʱ򹥻ﵽȫʵ幥һʱп򹥻
ܵ˺ʱɵļԡɹһɱ䣬ʵһ
֮ģǿķ֮Ŀ÷˵ٴܵ˺ٴμ룬еٴμһġս
֮֮ǿľѹƣѹʵһɣĿʧȥսѹƲǾԵġģս
ڤڵʵ˾޴ı仯սṹҲ˾޴䣬廹ˮ⣬ر⣬ں˱˵ڵڤﲻƻˮߵġ
Ȼ޵ܰ㣬ӦҲˮˣڤԼԼĿƣĿʩչɱ
СҲǲˮڵе̫ˣһҲֻܺڵСڤͨ࣬ΪʵԭеЧۿۣɽڵǲؾԴﵽ屶ԱڵһҲѷɫʲô
ɽؾ磬ҲΪ֣ûʵǲˮء
ЩǲҪ̫籩¶ҲˮûںǼħսʱʹþɽԭʹ˻ֶ֮Σɽˮһɱﵣ޺ԼԼҲһ޴ɱﵡ
ڤҲԼˮʵѾ൱ֲˡ
ɾųȥɺܶ࣬һˮоԼʵһЩһΪ΢ĽǾĸ򣬷·ֽܶʵһЩһЩ
ϳʱ򿴵棬ʱû
ˣô졣
Ц˵
ҿ㲻һ
ˮ治˵
һɽˮ簡һΪ㲻ء
Цſˮ
ԽԽŮåˡ
ˮ˵
ˣǵϴθ˵𣿡
Цʵ
ʲô飿
ʱ鷢ĺܶ࣬ˮǲˡ
ڱԳдׯ԰ҪҪѾ¥ðᵽǱߡ
ĿˮԼ˵Ļˡ
Ŷˣҽʲôʱܵ
ˮʵڤȻˮоȥԳˣΪԳǱ棬ڣҪǱԳһһʵеλãĵһǳضͱԳǰţкܶڶ˳ĳǳػ
ˮҲ㣬ԼҪ磬Ҫϵǰòʧչˣ˵ϴ󻢾ͻΪҵĳˮġ
ʱʱܸϵ
ţǹɣ⼸ҶڣŪׯ԰Ǿȥ
ˮЦ˵
ͷ뿪ˡ
ˮǿԺ󣬵˲ǺԶ⵽Ӵ㣬Լҽ֮·ôߣԼֻ˴󻢣ȻУע߲̫ԶȲɣҲѻ꣬ȲԬա
㹻ˣһǰԳǣϣʵˣԼϾһֱ˿ˮҪľǿһЩ˵ĲԼӰ
ɲİҲʲôǣҲյҽܶ࣬Ͼܴκζ࣬ҽʦһȱٵĴڣûеʱԼȥס
ˮΪʦѧϰҽʲôĶ಻ʤϧûһķۣҽʦƷҪģһҲˣ츳ٸߣˮҲ¡


2089 ҪȢС
ˮԸ´ģҲȥ츳ȴõˣҽʦעҽ£ҽʦƷҪһƷס˳ΪҽʦǿԺܶ˵ġڶ磬ˮǸС㡣
ǸӸʱеŮӣͱҪᣬһ̵ȹŵױʱʹһƺܿģˮվԶŴ󻢺ǸС㡣
󻢺ǸС㿴ǲЭҪǴ󻢵ʣϾǸͨˣһľܸıģ󻢲񱩷ֱԿʱ䳤ˣ˻ǺЭġ
ˮûпŮʲôͼŮüëͣҲᣬرǿ󻢵ⲻװġ
ˮЦˣ󻢻иģһŮϲҲǲСĸŮ˲ŮˣˮıҲȻʲôȥδֻܿŵһЩ񣬲ִ󻢺ŮһһЩ仯
󻢵񲢲ǶôĹҲǱһĸ̺һЩŮѾӰ쵽
ʵ֣Ĵڵģ˻ΪʧˣҲˣܶ࣬ԪԼϢȣе˵ԽһеĶԽȡ
о֮ԽϣٽȣȻҲлƵģ紫˵ؿ˷
ܿĺ٣໥֮ǲǿ֪˺٣Ǻܶ˵ʲôŮ˿˷ҲֻΪˣŻô˵ģʵܶʱŮ˾ˣ˶գŮҲδǿ˷򣬵Ȼ˷ļʻռġ
֮ĽҪϣ˫޲࣬ˮ֪󻢵ˣôͱʾ󻢺Ů˿ߵһϡ
ˮҲͷˣˮʵĵŮ˲ϲ󻢣ʲôͼҽʲôģڼˣʧˣˮȥһҡ
ǶĴ壬ǰĴ壬Ҳǣұˮˣܵ˵û˻ȥõģõҽ֮⣬о¥ȣοչǰûֵ˺ô
ҾﲻǺԶϾǡ
ҵׯ԰ҸΰһΪأׯ԰һܴʩҲӵĸ߼Ҳӵɡ
ſĸ
ˮһ㶣˭
˵Ǹˣ۾ӦǸſڵ˽Ӵġ
ˮǰݷã
ˮ˵
˵ɫһ䣬ϽԵȣȥͨһ¡
ˮͷ
Сܵ뿪ûһҼѾˣΪ׵һߣԻߣߵĺܿ졣
Ϊ׵ߴĺܼ򵥣Ҳܴ˵ıֱ֮㣬òʱ棬һһϽӣһߡ

Ϊ׵˿е˵
˼Һã
ˮһ˽ȥ
Ҹ£⣬𡣡
ֱָָǸ˺Ͻˡ
λ˼Һã
ã
ˣͽ࣬ͺˡ
ǺЦ
ɲУֱӽˮҺһ塣
ˮ΢Ц˵
ֹһˣ֪ܲ޹ڷǼ鼴֪ˮΪʲôˣǰϵ˵֮õ飬ﷶֹ
ɷͷˣΪȣȻʹ󣬵Ҳð
Դǵ˵뿴ˮ׺«ʲôҩ
ﳤֱ˵䣬縸׶ӣǿҲӡ
ˮ΢Ц˵
úãҾˡ
ﲢ͡
ˮȻܸܵЦ˵ϲõģǺ£ʲô¡
֪֪
壬Ѿܾûͻ˰ɣҰһ¡
ˮЦſˡ
Ŀͻƣ
ϲʵ
һ֪ˣⲻʲô£Ҳﵽ۷ˣֻȱôһĻԵ

ڿЦſˮ֪ǰк£
ˮ֪ڵûȫֱ˵׵ġ
ˮһ仰ҵ˶һ㶾ȵĿϵɫܾʣرľʣһʱ䶼û˵
ˮ֪ˣ˵ңҵͽܣõǸ󻢡
Էˮ˵귴˿Ц˵ҽ֪ǸѾͷˣ
ϿĵЦţǺ£ܴĺ£ԺǰϹϵˣ˵ͽܣѾˣͽܺʦͬһġ
ֻ֪С㣬ãʱ򻹿СʹһɢأֻǴ岻Ӧʦļס
Ц˵Ѿ֪ˡ


2090 ׼ң
ȻԴϲˮһЩǰƸ񣬸ͻ˵ǰľ磬СһССͻƣ֮ǰֻڱŸҵĻôֱӿǰһ룬źʱ仹ǿٴǰһЩġźܶǳأܶܶ࣬ǱϾǵ׵ĳǳأǺǿ󣬿ǱǰǳеĶ嶼硣
ˮҲкôģһΪԼʵĻ飬ҲһɺϵǳɻŮԸģδǿ٣ҲΪһǿߡ
ڴ߶Զ˵ΪСںϣ󻢵ҲһЩ仯ҲߺԶˣΪ󻢵ʵᳬԽʣҲĴڡ
ǴѾʹ𵤣ˮָоĪԼԽʽ𵤵Ĵڣ𵤣
󻢵鶨ˣҲˣʱˮѾʹˣ䲻СˣҲóɻˣ˼ӣҲһº
صõʱøϴ󻢺Сߣû꣬ǰĲǺܶ࣬˵ѾбҽʦֵأԴ󻢲С
ʦͮ
󻢲˼ˮ˵
Сã
ˮЦŴк
ã
ͮ󷽷˵
ˮóפյԼһЩƵıݸͽܣ˺˵ɲɵȴҪһЩҵһϣԺԽԽá
ͮ󻢣Ц˵ʦģͽ°ɣʦҵĸһ
Ȼ󻢿ˮӻҪ󣬲ˮȷʵĸײ࣬Ͼͨ˳ˮڴ󻢵λúأһһжˮԭеģ֮
лʦ
ͮӹл
ˣѾȥңǵѾˣʮвһµʱ䣬ɻޣҪŬ°֮ǰ˵ѧᡣ
ţһģ

ֹˣˣһ꣬ǺһģֱߵԺˮԺ﷢㶿ˮе㣬֮ܵͷ
ˮǾ֮ǰ˵Ŀ׼ˡ
׼ҲǱԳǵ֮һ˵׼ʵ𱱲еκһѷɫβ֪Ѩ磬Ȼô˵Ǿ˵׼ҵʵӦò
ҽᰡ
˵ˡ
ģòӢü֮һ˿һֹģ˶ôᣬҲϲһ㶼ʵѧ
ôҵҽ
ˮЦ˵
ǵǣɵУ̫ˣǴ߶ʱѾԶˡ
΢Ц˵
ɣ
ˮüڳߵʯ
ҽп׵ңҸ̣ҸĶӿݡ
׵ҽܡ
Ѿ̸ˣǾͿʼɡ
ˮǸ˵
ֱۣ̽ˮȻˮѾ֪ʲôˡ
ΪʧˣﲻήĽʹ
ˮ˵
ݺͿ׵Լ̶¶ݣҲ̫ǿˣֻѾ˵һ㲻ҽ֮鴫
ҽ֪ܲΣ
̽ŵ˵
֪Ϊʲô𣿡
ˮʵ
ҡҡͷݺͿ׵Ҳǲԡ
ֻܸǶǱµĶ
ˮ˵ü˼
Ļ׼˶ɫˣرǸˣüͷĺܽȻ̧ͷˮҽȷʵǶ
ˮЦЦǲΪΪ˲ŻģʧȥΪ֮ǰյصˡ
ǵģ˵;һֱΪ˵̫أʧȥΪ
˼˵
ֶ֣ɫζ˵ǶþǿƼأ֮ǶҪǱڣÿһʱͻһΣʱĽʹﾭʹΪǰ֮ǰµİʵǶΪΪָܻ
ֶ𣿡
ʵ
ᣬ꣬ʱ䣬ⶾʱͻⶾںܾǰЩطСʯҩɽ⡣
ˮ˵
ҽҲܽ𣿡
̽ŵʴ
ǰһֱӸ㲻ܣ治ڲܱ֤ʲô߳ɵİκãǲκãҲΪָֻаԪ
ˮ˵
ģ
̺Ϳ׵ҲǾϲϾ֮ǰѾʲôĿˡ
ȻʵģҲܳκ㣬аʱ䣬㹻ҽ㳹κˡ
ˮЦ˵
һǸӿˣ˵ҵĺӣ׼Ƿһ飬ֻҪҪ׼Ҿж
ˮû뵽̵ϵͷ˵
ʵˮҲ֪׼Һ̵ܾĿԶģôǷԼ飬ˮ֪׼ҳٲ˿ֻ׬ˮУ˵ĽҶ֪ˮõſ׼ңҲϿ׼ҡ


2091 ﱱԳǣǿˣ
ҽοݲѣҲͼʱѾȬˣϾ߳ɵİջǺܴģҲÿ׼ҾϲޱȣݵʵҲָˡˮҲ֪Ϊʲô׼ôݣΪǿ׼ҵĽӰˣ츳ǼãҲԼⱱ׼һһ¥ġ
׼л뿪ˣǰׯ԰һ棬ôˮڱԳѾһׯ԰ˡ
ƽˮȴ󻢳ɻԺͻ뿪ǰԳǣ֮ǰɱĸħˣҲ֪Щħ˻᲻ħϵ
ˮ³ħţȴڴħţǰħҲ֣Ͼڵʵе㲻
ʱһε˴󻢴ˡ
Ϊ󻢺СĻµҲޱȣܶ˶Ľ󻢣ǰ󻢿һͨͨˣָͨŮ˶ѣûȴȢС㡣
ĽʣҶ֪󻢺кñҵһʦڿԶҽиʦʦ̫ǿˣڵĴ󻢵ҲҵС㡣
ǰ˺ܶ࣬ңҼԼΧļ壬ĽţٽʱȴǷּͼҺͿ׼Ҳˣ֪󻢴ʱеˣãĲǺ̫
⵹úܶ˳Ծһ¿٣Ȼ֪Ϊˮԭ򣬶ԷǱ򶥼ļ塣
絹Ǻ˳ûκεⷢ
ʱ½ɢȥǼͼҺͿ׼ҲûдһᣬԱ뿪Ϊˮԭ򣬵üͼҺͿ׼֮Ĺϵߵĺܽ

ʦҪ뿪
󻢲ŵ˵
ûвɢϯ󻢣һбͽܣҲǶԾӪãҵĻҽʦҽ±ҽҪúŬҲҽʲô¡
ˮ˵
ʦģԶ䡣
ʧ䣬ֱԼһֱʦߵġ
ӺɷҪõŵ£˵ֲһȥˣԺûһ￴ġ
ˮļ
۾һͷ̫ˣһŬģ´ټʦһ
Ǳˣˮҵ˵ǳȥ¡ߵʱǺһ뿪Ϊԭû˻Ϊˮ

Գǣ
һǳأҲһǳأķ̶ȱҪǿĶ࣬ǱһҲҪǿһʵ𱱲ҲʲôΪԭԷ̶ϱ𱱲ҪһЩ
ˮ⴦ׯ԰ʱҲǾȣǵׯ԰̫ˣҲ̫ˣ߽ȥ֮󿴿еİҲȫµģӦҲÿ춼ɨ
ܽྻǰôҳԾǲÿɨҲһȾ
Ӧÿͣһ˰ɣ
Цſˮ
һѣ궼벻λúǰǵƻᱻ۸
ˮٺЦ
۸үĲࡣ
һ˵ķ顣
Ů˳壬ҲԿ߹ׯʱҲķ飬ʵֶβϧû̫ıڴ̳ǿˮⱱȴǾһˣȻҲᱻұƵ̳ܵǡ
ˮҲ֪ô뱣Ů˺ƯˮôŲļͥȻһ㣬иĸĸҲҸ
ң׷㣡
Ŀˮ
ˮЦſ棺ôСҡͷ˼ˡ
ȥģ˼ˡ
һӺˣϾǸŮӣʱˮദȻûзʲôԽԽϲһĸо
뵽˱ڤѩǸ˵Ůˣÿһľˣе̾硣
Ϣ죬ǾͿţϹأ˴˭о֢Ӱˣʮ˳⣬Щʲôҽ
ˮ⡣
ãû⣬ϲԭġ
ˮҲŮ˺ϲԳƽ㣬ŴʱеɰŮˣ¶˰ɣϲģ˵ɣǲϲˡ
ϲ˭ҵɣ˵Ҳϲ㣬ϲôˡ
ˮһۡ
ˮһ㶣仰뺷ϲԼ治ô˵˭ҲȷǶ컹ʲô˸оĿԸ
ϲôˣҲϲҲôҿǺԭģҪҷңҾ͸Һ
ˮٺЦ
һ㶣ʱС޳ܵӻǺϲģһ׮ˮգգ۾һ£㺰
˵ͻȻסˮһӡˮϣȻˮסˡ
촽ˮ죬ȻʲôҲ֪ˣˮԼᣬţƺоԣĥ¡
ˮ֪ˣŮϲԼֻǽֵŮһֱ˵ֻǽҲǱıˡ


2092 ͣˮʵ
ˮʱĺң֪ô죬Ů˺ԸУҲų죬ˮﲢûжرǿҵİһʱʱûҪʲô
ڱǿˣҪ֪һŮˣرŮһôļѣҪ෢
ˮǲҪסʱɿˮ¶ſĵ΢Цˣô
Цһ˿βסʧ䣬ڵĻЦֻǿе˸УˮʲôҪʲôҲûзһ
ˮе˼ʧ䣬뱧ǱɵĶˣռұˡ
ˮ֪Լ֮ǰΪٴ˺ˮͻȻԼ飬ҿܼ򵥵飬ȴ޷أָоǿ
ÿǰ鷢ˣˮһţġ
ˣˮҪҪԺԵټ
źֲ࣬б֣ˮϲˮ֪ˮϲõİˮ޷ĴˮߣоܲڣƽѾˡ
ˮҪҲҲҵҲûá
ˮɬЦЦŮ˺ܴ̫ǿˣʵҲ֪ⲻȫģΪദʱܸܵˮǸڤѩһ˿ĹϵǶûָо
ƫƫϲеǷݽ뱻ƣѡףˮʱֻҪıסͻ᲻һеĺһ
һΣԼɫҲţɻʧˣ޶ԣûаϲûУϲŮԲֹˮ
ѹѡ񣬴뵽ˣɸоܡ
ңԶıԳĬˮ
ÿҵˣͼҺͿ׼һһЩǼͼҿ׼ҵǰˮﻹе㵣棬֪˱ħܼʵ£еʧ䣬ʱָ
ˮûа֮˽֮ҪһŮʵԵĶôҪȢŮ˵ģ浱ʱһֱԥȷʵ뿪ˣԺ᲻нĲ֪
֪ھҵҲûãҪʱ侲Լ֪ԼȴҲˮоȥһİĵطûԼܻȥ̳ǣΪԼ
뿪ˮҲеʧ䣬ܿͻָˣӻҪһ·ܶΪᷢʲô󶼻Ϊ˴˵Ĺ͡
ˮ뵽ǸŮҽʦ뵽˹｣裬ȥ˫Ľ޹ϲİǵҵȵȣÿ˶ҽദȥ
ű˴˵仯Ҳʧڱ˴˵統УǸǰҲҪĳˣҲԶԼϾԼıһ
һ·ܶܶˣеİԼʮ꣬е£Ҳе죬ֻǴҴҶ·ˡ
ˮľΪ뿪˲ҲŸһЩǲľٴȹȹ̸ǰһأ顣
һˮԼٴվԼʵҲ˲СˮܾȣȻʵ
˼ƬҲˣ;̫ˣʵϣҲΪ˷ġ
ʮ
ߣˮľɽȴǿԴﵽʮĹҴŶܻԼоԵĶܻԾɽںֲܿһҲֻʹһΣɱѾҪɽˡ
ֲˮڵķҲˮıǮ׻ϵ޵ҴﵽһʮķⲻԼӾ
ս⻷ѡģеĿӹеĿٶȣеӷһˮѡٶȣٶ̫ҪˣѾҲһСǿһĿǰ˻ûܶˮˣȻһЩرΪЩһӷֱƼ׵ġ
һǻᱻֻܶ࣬ҪҪλҲˣϾˮҲģԿҲǺֲܿġ
ˮֻҪܵסԷһЩͻˮᱻԷǿˣǿǿķԵġ
ˮ۽羳綼кܴߣսʶݣԿ΢˵ˣơƣͬʽͬʵ߳ܶĻһ֣ܶһ΢ĴڣǴﵽԺҪ׷Ѱ


2093 Ǻˣˮ
ÿˣˮǹһˣҲԱȽ壬ǰһβϰҲԸϻطġ
ˮҲֶǼģæһͿá
ˮû·ҲûҵʵҲûУ徻ʱм˽á
һ˿ˮǺܿĵģֻһ̧ͷˡ
һԷ򸾣ģеĿŮӺݻˮ㲻ΪԷʲôģǵϢϵϢƣԶŻƽзЩҲơ
һԷˮһ壬ˮϸܵͨҲǵ˵ʵǿӦýӽˣڵ˲࣬һ㣬ٳغӦÿԳǣȻ˵ʵսӦҲˣϾ߲
δ߲ҲޱȵĿֲġ
ҽݰɣ
º͵ˮ˵
ǣ֪λʲôҪ
ˮ˵ʱѾˣŮɫ΢ףֲİףƺž޴ʹʱˮ⿴һ£ŮǸиˣǶе̥Ҳܵ˺ŮƺӣһֱԪŻŶĺӡ
˿ˮüͷ΢壬ˮ̫ˣǸˣˮܰõǣûа취ˣһ·֪˶ҽʦˣȰӡ
ˮ˵ɫѾ֪ˣЦ˵ķˣ̥ء
㿴ˣҽʦ֪㿴ܱܲסӣǺòиӣҲ
Ůʱе˵
ԣ
ˮ֪ͨˮһһϲƽǿһ壬ˡҹ桢һȣЩܱҺ֣ܲɱ̡
ŮׯʥϢǸиǷʥϢء
ǡ
Ů˼ˮ˵
֣һл
ʱҲǼ˵
ãȥɣҲһκãҪʱ䣬ǿס죬߿ÿ춼
λǾס°ɡ
˵̹Ȼ˵
ߣֱȥһͥԺưɣƺҪϢ
ˮ˵ԷСԺȥ
ǲǸտҵ
˲˵
ǰû죬ͥԺһ˸Դ￪ҽݡ
ˮЦ˵
˺ܾȣͥԺֵܴ󣬾Ȼֻһ˸˵ģǿ˵ҽĲ
ǿġ
ˮЦ˵
һƽ˵ԾǺ
ˮһ𣬾Ǻںݣܴܴ󣬺ͺݲˮ򣬺½أǺǺ󣬺ͺһ޾ı
û֪ݶҲû֪Ǻ󣬱Ϻʲôĺ;Ǻһʲô㡣
˵ÿͨǺ򣬲Ŀǰ˵ֻбĺ;ǺĺͨŵģĲǺ
ˮ֪Է򸾵ʵݣ֪ԷԾǺʱһȣ˵ں𱱲;Ǻ򼸺һһǺе뵽½أһЩҲ뵽˺硣
ǺΣվݸһһ˵ľǺеʵΪǺ֪ԹûеﺣѾ˺оްһޣǲòֹ̽׵Ĵ㡣
Ȱȥʹȡ
ͿʼܿŮ˵ʹʧˣȻʼȹ̧ǿ֮Ŷе̥޸Ů˵ơ
ʱһĹȥһʱ֮ˮ룬ϲ˺ˮѾΪȶˣοȬźӲҪ˶ˣȻʵǿ󣬵ҲΣա
ȻͷЦԼԸ⶯Ҳ֪ôԼɢɢģȻƽҹһˣԼԼŮԼδĺ档
Щƽҹܿɶ񣬶Լ֣ԼȻɱ˲˳ӻˣδĺҲ㱣ס
ˮ˸оԼˣû˵ȴѾмˡ
û뵽ҽ´ͯ
˿˵ˮ۵һͷﻹǺܸмġ
ͲСˣӺܲףСʧȥӣⱲӻ֪ܲиͯһֱֲӡ
ҽʦְҸģˣǿҲܿġ
ˮЦЦúչһȫңһԷ
úãлл
ϵ˵
Ѿе㿴͸ˣȻ˵ӣһҽʦβǣˮˣκˣⲻܲôȣоѾ֪ǵˡ


2094 ׷ɱˣ߼ʯ
ˮصǰãУλúܺãƣ¿ҲôɣȻʱȽϺã˳ġ
˵ģÿ춼в֪սںɱҰɱҽݸǾԱơ
Ͼʽŵĵ죬ŵһͼҺͿ׼ҶǰȻܶ˶֪Ǹҽݣǿˮ˵ͶˣҽʦԽԽо顣
׼ҺͼͼˮģȴǱˮֹˡ
ʱһˣ˴һ㣬һ첲Ѫܵġ
ˮܵһһˣٸеĵطҲˣ߲ǸˣΪߣƿԿǱҰ˺ҧġ
ҽʦҵĸ첲ѪֹܲȸֹѪ
ɫ׵˵
Ȼԡ
ˮ˵ֱӵ˼ֱָߵѪֹסˣ˺ܾȣʵûеѨ˵˵ҲǰЩѨ˲ܶʲôġ
ˮǵѨ֣öԷʧȥһֵ֪ȫֻܶ۾˼άʲô
ֹѪԣסΪߵ˶ԡ
߾ȵĿˮˮֹѪȥҽݰģˮһѾסˡ
ˮ첲ϵ·ȥ˿ںܴѾ˶ֱϣȻһסĶϿһֱ֮ϣҪһЩʱȹ̡
һЩҩݷϡ
̿߾޵һ˵ǵһˣǵһμôĴ˿ڣ죬ҽʦҪ죬ߣҪܾʱ䡣
ˣ첻ҪԵˣͺˡ
ˮ˵
ҪǮˮڰ֣ſҵѣԸ¡
ͷһһлҽʦ
ˣˮȱǮڱĵطҲֻҪֺ˶޳εģȻ߲࣬ҲһˣɱʱҪһɱǮ
ǹأǰһЩ˸ȱǮҷݹԼôУȱǮǻǷݹʵġ
һʱ֮򸾳ˣڵͯˣ֮ǰɫףˮĵлҽ
ҽǲҵɩӾֱӽˮɣ
ˮЦ˵Ҳҽˡ
ͯĵܵܿɲôϵġ
Ц
ãҵиܵܣǡ
ԹһܳҲŵʱҸоùô̫࣬ˣ򵥵ʱġ
ˮ仰Ҳָ
ѾԿ϶ˮѾ֪ǵˣ̲סЦˣϵˬ죬ҪԺǾֵˡ
֮ã硣
ˮϵܣãߣǽȥúúһ
ƿĵ˵
ȥˣÿɲֻҽˣڳϲҴһûм˭ĸóԵġ

һ´ͯǾޱȡ
ߣȥԺﰲ
ˮʱˣҲûˡ
ˮύ˲û˽ģûлģ֤ǲԿ׬Ѿͬǰһ̨׾һʱϵʱԶˣΪ˴ûн
ǰҲǣһֹɣп룬ҲǰͽᡣֻѪԵ׳⣬նϵģǲãʥġ
ܿӡ֤ˮĻˮķȻһоƣͯȵģֲ˼˵еΪѵĶƱ
ɩӣɲһľƣȵ廹̥ûлкôƿ˵ҩơ
ˮȻͯľᡣ
һͯſˣˮĻǾŵġ
һʱѾȥˣͯѾȫˣˮǣݸˮһӣϵܣҲӦÿǲˣ˵ģҪô࣬ҵѣԺʲôԵǺƿ㵽
ˮӹӣҪ˵ʲôʱͻȻۣɫ䣺ϵܣɲ԰ϸһæ
ˮŴ˵
˵ˣ֮ǰɩ˾Щͣҵסǣͯ뿪ΪҴӼסѪ
ô󺺴ʱҲУһκͲʡ
ˮУȻЦˣ˵Щ˰Ǻǿǲӣκβġ
˵ˮһ֣ΧֱӴ䣬һ㵭һĶׯ԰Ȧ
󷨣
ˮÿһط᲼´ƽʱнϿٿԸԼȡһʱ䣬ߴ뿪
ˮгһ죬ȻΧͶȹ̴ġ
ʯˮϵȻǲͬѰϾһʯͿˮ˦ʮǧ
ʯ߼߱־Ľ߱


2095 ƽҹһ壬
󷨵ܶ࣬ˮڵ󷨾Իõ˴ҲͷתԻҲлޱȳΣ󷨾ҪΣǺҪܶϣϺҲʹõĲ񣬶Էʵǿʱ䳤ˣ󷨱
ʦҪĶرǲһЩ󣬺ܶණмУ򲻵ġ
ˮһɱҪɱҪĲϺ⣬ǻԻ꣬зģ󷨵ۿۡ
ˮʯѾﵽ߼ǲ
Щ֮⣬ȣЩ󷨺һҪĸʵĴڲܲ
˵ҪͨʵӣڿԶ෢һɻɿ˵ģʯö෢ӵһɱ߳ɡ
ԭʱȴǲͨģʯҪڲ־棬ڱʲôҲЧҲܺãеĿԴﵽ߱Ȼ߱ʵʵһɣˮʵһɣʮĹһɾһ߱
ԭģˮԹеܴﵽ߱еֻȴǶܴﵽˮоĳƣѾܿˡ
ʱˮ󷨷̹ȻˣеĴͯЦˣϸ磬ҵ󷨣ҵĳһɫұ֤û¡
ЦЦʵҲ֪ˮͯһߣԼѾ۵ˣﲢΪʲô󷨿ԵסԷǿǻƽҹ氡
ϵܣϸκˡ
յ˵
ͯҲǸĿˮȻŴ˵ڳȥԲˮܡ
۾һã
ϸ磬ˣ˵ôûģѵ𣬲ɩӻкһ֮𡣡
ˮ˵Ѿ棬Ѿׯ԰Ͽʮˣˡ
кѹ֣ô룬үֻԼһӣԼиӣ֪үӻôĸˣԼˣ˼Ҳ֪ܲܳĴүӺǿ󣬿ûˣټĻҵҲ˱ˡ
ˮſЩŽһϸһЩĸߴ󣬲ӽףΨһصĿªҹһɫ
ҹһ棬ҹܳ󣬾󣬵Ůҹȴ෴ұҹҪС߲ܶ࣬࣬ȻҲһЩĺܸߴŮҹ档
ҹǿһҹҲʵƽҹǺǿĴڣƽҹе߾ǿԺսĴڡ
ЩƽҹвûߣʵǿرǰʵҲѷɫʲôڻƽҹһҲǺǿĴˡ
ʱǸϬӷ·һŵˣվ˳Ĵƣƣɱү
ˮ˵ͣƽҹһҲܳΪǿԪͬʵ֮һ࣬ƽҹһҲǾǺд֮һ
Ʋûд𻰣ɫе㸴ӣʱ֪ô죬ͯס֣Ȼû˵Ѿһһԡ
ȻǸĿˮϵܣû뵽ǣȴ㡣
ˮЦЦЩ˵溰ˣб½н޳
СޣԶܳʱ䣬㲻۾֪ߵغ񡣡
Ǹ󺺴ֿٴ
Ķܴ󣬿û˳֣Ҳ˲ŽвƽҹܣҲһʱʱο˼ֻ·׷ɱˮĴڣԲ˹ܵġ
Ǻˮϵļͼҿ׼Ҳֵģ˻ƽҹһ壬˵Ǽ壬ֹ˻ƽҹһ塣
ˮǸǳҲûá
ɣһȺûӵģǸҽҾԶ
ˮЦſŴ󺺡
´ˣƽҹ츳Ϊԭ֫ͷԲ򵥣֫ͷԼһ㶼ŵģԱˮûӣһĻƽҹǷŭ
ҳȥɱǣǾͿԻȥˣǵĺϢء
һ֡
ƽҹ淢һȻһȥ
顭
ײһȥˣεƺǿ
һ´ƴˣȻ԰Щǿ˵ȥ󷨺ǿ
ˮʵܾȣûʯָס߱ײҲһʱʱƵģοƵ˲ˮĴǸֲһǡ


2096 ˮãɱ
޷Ƶ֣һЩƽҹֹͣ˹رǸΪ׵Ĵ󺺣ŹֵĿˮѾ֪󷨣д߿Բ󣬲¿ֲĴ
½ڶ࣬˵˵ˣٺҲû޾ʲôǿʵ࣬ʣµĶԳΪ壬¿ԻΣޣǻȴܹȡ
ȻЩ治ޣһѧϰǿģԲ󣬿öǿҲܺһˡ
ѱʦҩʦЩֲܶ࣬ѱʦֱѱΪսҩʦƳǿĵҩֲһЩȱݡ
޾ǻۺ˲ˣҲ򣬺˿Կ޻󷨵ģҺܶսʱҪʱܷӳԼǿҪ
ʹñֲûзݺצӡ
ǿˣצӺݶԺˡ
ԷڹˣˮʹҲҴ⣬ˮһ㣬ԼĴģҲ£Ͼˮ˽⻹
ʱǸˮ˵ˣҵСˣȻ᲼ô⣬ǵסǵġ
˵Էжһֵĳǹ״رǹ⣬߳Ҳ״ǹɫɢſֲϢȻֱִȥ
ˮ֪ʲôǹֱǹƵ֡
ɫ䣺꣡
Ƕꣿ
ˮʵ
һѺĶ־ͽж꣬ⶫսûʲôãҪ˵ʲôãⶫܼӲûʲôƻȴǲҲûʲôֻżȻһⶾƿһǿߵĻֵʱųˣŷⶫרֵģоǴЩǿߣȻֻߵԾԾ˵Ķȴſֲƻ
ˮѶ꣬һһоо˵ûǸġ
֣һ󲨶žһˮһĲȻʧ˿С
ô˵ⶫסҵġ
ˮ˵
ƾˣʲôõģ˵ˣֻҪǸϽҾԶ
ˮǸƽ˵
һ㶣˶ԷӦǱȽϻҵģޱȵƽô󺺷ѽ⣬ӻϾƽ󺺽ȥ
ˮ⶯ȻŴЦϸ磬һᶯֱ֣ɱ֣Ҹ
ã
ˣͷ־ٴǸִеˡ
ƽҹž޴ĲһͥԺȥ
ȥˣûκͻ
һѳѾս׼ʱ󺺷˿ս׼Ǿ˵ԷѾûʲôˣҪƴˡ
ƽҹҲĺ֣ǴҲһʱʱ޷κεġ
ˮֱս⻷һǿ˴壬һôˣʵֱ˺ö࣬һˣȻĳһ
ˮôӵǹһٶû£ҪľǿĹһбɱ
˽ˣ
ˮһֱ֣ɱ
֮׷
ӹӡ
ˮֱӷӹӡסֵǸˮֱһץסһ
ˮǿľƿֹֻҪһ˲䡣
ۣ
ĽֱӴ͸ǸƽҹĺʱһƽҹܶˣǱ֮׷ͻȻȥһٶȣĹȴ˲һ
һʣµƽҹ浲סˣ֮յĵסˣǽһȴҲסˣٴα͸˺
صˮͯĴʱϻҸı飬ˮĿҲǱˣʵӺϵϵйϵԷţһȻҲǺϵйϵ
ܶ߶ûôߵľ磬ģϵӵҲֲ̫ˣ֪ˮʯûʯҲᾪȣоֲ̫
κܶණѾûЧˣʲôģҲǾԣҲǾͣԸˮֵεѾЧˣ滹ûЧˣ߲ò˵ǸźЩʵĻǻᱻӰ죬ˮҵ˺ܶࡣ
ɱ
գۼƽҹ汻ɱ߽׵Ĵڣһǧ˾ĴڣȴǱһĸɱˡ
󺺲ŵĿ棬ͻȻ͵һͿĴŴһӿô֮ǰǸʩչһ𣬽һӡȻɱԼˣԼ˴ͷβûж֡
һǱһһӡסˣǺʹսһ𣬿̫ˣԡ
ͻȻʶһ⣬úǿ󣬶ƺٶȺӲǹؼȻǲӲӲҲգۼͱɱˡ


2097 ȫɱ
ֹˣ뵽֮ǰˮǾ仰ֻҪǸϽͻԶ仰ħһһôֽѣﻢ¡
һɱϵĶû뵽·ɱôˣһӼȥôԺƽҹ޷̧ͷˡ
ȻеţȴҲôױסģΧ׼ãһһɱȥҾͲܵסɱ֡
ǣ
ˮѾ֪󺺻ģԶߵĴ˵һǴսƣɩվﲻҪסҪûܿ㡣
˵ˮ߲ͯ죬Χûһͨͯ
סңҪߣסʮ֮ڣҪʮס
ˮ
ڴҲǶˮƴӣһҵϵһ𣬵ʱ־߰оʶֵʵֵ̫ˣǽսˣҲڣϵܡ
壡
һ֣Щƽҹȫׯ԰Уʱˮ΢Ц֣Χ˲λˣһȵɳĮеĽŴأǿߣоȣȡ
ǲӦóֵϾΪǾˮҲẦ̫ģһ֪ǻþþҲ̫ʵˣʵʵʵ
ʵ̫ûȴУǲɣȵĻĻ˺
ǣƽҹƺʶ⣬ͷһǣһ
һǳ׻ˣ˭һİطоһǸΣյĵطӲŸоͻȻǰˣһˣƽҹ꾪ɢˡ
Ȼˮʹ
ڴʵɱƽҹ̫ˣˮֻһ֣ȻԷ˴Ľ¡
Ѿǵˣûһս̫˲˼ˣԼҪԸЩƽҹ棬Ըһû⣬ֻܺˣΪ׵Ҳǲ£֮ǰֻܣΪԼŮ˻δĺӣǱܱ˳
ɱЩƽҹֱɱһ㣬ֵһĻƽҹ浹£ҲƽԼϵϵֻƾͿԳΪܶϱʲôҲᣬʵ㹻ˡ
ȴͯӵĲţվģˮҰͿЩڲԶתȦϻţȻ󿴵ˮʹʱŵɫžǱɱ
һһϾһˣˮһĴˣĿȾһЩ˵Լ鼮֪󷨵棬⻹ǵһĿ޷⣬￪ģԼˣҲסˡ
û뵽нɣ
һɽˮǸ󺺣ӵжĴ󺺣ʱеСǱҲ֪֮ǰʲô
ˣı£ҿԸκҪĶҪƽҹһ壬ǰڵˮһֻһҪӾʵˮһҲô
ˮû뵽ʱ󺺾Ȼ˵ľٶЦЦôǿΪʲôҪһ͵ϮΪʲôȥֱսء
󺺱ˮĻҭһ¶΢ЦҪˣ࣬˵㲻ԸĻƽҹһǲǧڵĻƽҹһܶԿˣɱүүǻƽҹҹҵˣ֪ҹڻƽҹĸʵĸգաաҹպͲǻƽҹǿĸʵϡ
ˮüͷУƽҹ󺺲ûƭˣΣѵˮᱻסɡ
˵࣬Ҳ·ˣ˵ǽ˾ͲҪȥˣϸ磬׼ְɣ

ˣˮʬٻ٣ǶȴǱˮĿռ䶫Ҳ٣ʹµģ˵ʲôҲҪǶˮҪչʾǶꡣ
󷨣ƺʲôҲûзһǾ뿪Ҫ߼ˮҲû͸һЩҩʱٶȼӿʲôģЩҩΧɶȻˣǺܺõġ
뿪ˣˮٴλصƽϣܴ򿪾ǺһţԺԸõĳǺ
ˮܿôԺھǺҲո¶ͷǣһʵ磬ҲһΣյ磬ˮϣԵҽ֮·ϣԼܴһλã˭Լ֡
ڶͼҺͿ׼ǰû˵ʲô飬ˮȻҲᣬϾˮɲϣܿͱƽҹˣܵû⣬һǿһſֲĴںһЩʱһ˲;


2098 âʯƷɽ
Ҳ֪ϴεǸ˸ĺãԭҽıǰЩҩõѾۻҪʱҲҪ̡
ˮӲԼûտţϾһˣǸˣǰҽûмѧͽû˹˵ģԽæԽ˵ҽ˶࣬ҽ˶˵˼ҽá
ǰˮͼһЩҽݣһ㶼ĳȽóƣҽʦﲡȻ󿪸ҩץҩ뻹Ǵʲôģܡ
ˮʲô鶼Ҫ±عףٵȵȣҲҪҼץҩӵģڲǺæ͵ˡ
æһ죬ϵʱɾ֮ûȥӻƽҹõջû£ɴ࿴Щ͵ҵӡ
εߣһЩĶǵε߶ԺܶණˣڵˮΪ׵ĻƽҹռзһЩĶ
ʥʯˮȻֺܴһʥʯǰˮﵽһ飬ƳһЩʥʯָ͸ߵˣⶫǺöˮƵʥʯָٿأߣʱƵľǿÿʹðٴΣÿοڳ׵ķΧƶܵ棬Ҳ͵Ϯá
ˮԼǸҲŮˣҲܱ֤ÿһڿͷСʥʯܼƺܶʥʯָˡ
⻹кܶҩݱʲôģʯȣˮ˵Ȼȴ޷ˮ̫ϲҲǲˣˮſǸꡣ
ˮŪһͨȥʱȴǴˡ
û֣ȴһ򵥵ĽܣâƬ
ˮ¶˿ϲⲻԼҵһƷɽĲ
âƬǳâɵƬĶӲޱȣûǰӲޱȣƺԷޱȣâγɵĶˮǵһμⶫ̫ˣֶ٣䵽½ĺ٣ȻҲ˵âƬļӲ
Ҳ֪˭ӹ˶꣬򵥵ļӹпһâʯ
ˮһֱΪһâʯҪ֪˷ɽˮʵüΣзɽڣɽ־ԶܻĻסԷġ
˷ɽˮоԼɱħɱħˡ
ԾˮʼعҲ֪Լˣɽǿ˷ɽˮնɱЩƽҹûκ⣬ԷڲֵܵܵɽϬԺеһȡ
ҪǷɽٶȣ޿Ҫ˺ܶܶ࣬ɽĺܴԾεƳ˵Ĵˮ£ıмĵģҲУֻҪǿͺá
״ָ̬ѣȻʼƲϣƷɽһӵḶ́ˮѾ飬ʱС³ҪʧܣƵĿ¼Ѫˡ
еĲһȻְѶڻóʥʯݵˮԼһЩƷʳɹʵĶ
һжǰͰĽУɾĻ˴š

ˮǽ¯
Ʊˮõ¯ҲǺˮ¯һǿãҲˮоƷɽĳɹʴˡ
ˮԼʶ뵽ǽȻһ˵Ķ

һܺѾ΢΢͵ķɽھƺˮľѪһÿˮҪνȥһξѪ
ÿһΣڿԴﵽˮҲûеףܴﵽʮɹƷֻһ㣬˰ʮϳˣһܴﵽ˰ʮǺܲˣԺĴԭԽǿ
ھžŰʮҪˣǺѴﵽġ
ʱһһĹȥˮȫĵͶ룬ɽϵԺԼ·һҲ

𣬱ʾŷɽѾɣҴﵽʮ죬һˮɿô˵ɽˣһķɽҲԼľѪҲֲܿɳûа˰ʮĳɳߡ
ʱһˮĿǰ˰ʮ죬ھžŰʮһû룬֮ǰʵܴﵽʮĵξˣﵽ֮˰ʮġ
ˮʱ侫ѪʧҲԽԽƣǼǿ֧ţھǿҲҪҧԺͿԲôˣʶеͼתţˮľ
Ѫ;ɽˮľ˻ģ˵Ǿ֮˻С

һˮﳤ˿Ѿ˰ʮˣڵķɽѾڼƷˣˮ˼ȫſˣΪھͻȻֹͣҲ޺ˣﵽˮѾˡ


2099 ɽ
ﵽ˰˰ʮ켫ƷķɽˮѾˣ˵ˮ÷ɽﵽžŰʮĳƷɽΪ֪ѣѾоܳˣټʮʵеѡˮԸⲫһʱѾˣϾЩһֱûκϢԴԴϵĿžѪ;
ѪһһΣľͲʲô˶ĵͨһξѪʧϰ꣬Ϊͨ˵һҲξѪߵľѪ࣬Ҳסġ
ʱ򿴵ˮһһڵˮɫ԰ֽÿʧһξѪˮǿһʱܶסҡ
ʧһξѪˮñİ޷ҪԴԴϵڵԪҲܲס
ʮ죡
ˮڼ֣촽Ѿѳһӣ԰׵ûһѪɫҲȥ
ʮ죡
ˮʱ촽ѳ˸ɺԵѪ촽ѿĿ˿˶еľȥһӣҲɱˣ屳Ӱôݵ
ʮ죡
ˮоѾֲסˣҡҡ׹ƺеģѾҧˣǿҵʹ̼ڻȥԿŵҩܣȻҲôҡ
ˮĶѾǿҵĺ·ֻ͵ķһ˴ʱһŹͷһƤˮ׽˴ʱˮҲϲˡ
һ죬ŹȥȻ֮ǰһжǰˮϵļԼʱһĹȥһˮоÿһӶһ껹Ҫ
ˮȻһҡʱе֮ɢһ΢ˮһͷȥ·եһ米һɽѾʵ޷ǰˣǲͣţš
ˮҧţʱ䣬ҧԼľάţˣŮ˺ͺӣ֮ǰǲҵģڣѾûа취ˡ
֪ˮ·ڻУеԪʱѾ͸֧ˣߴɣȥԪʧصİ
ʱˮЩҽʦǿҽʦԼҽΣԪģҲֻˮ޼ɵ͸֧

һѾõʱɽɳˣ¯ˮǰʱˮиһѪֱ˷ɽϣѸٳһŵҩϳ£ɲܾȥȻпҲѲ
ˮȥ˯һܰϻЦݣڻţںķѾѪٺķԪˮڽĻָµǿŵҩѾڻ壬Ӫ
ˮٴʱѾˣ۾ˮϽɽȴǷûУһ룬ȻֱӣڵһɫıǽϷ
ϥڵСͷ
ˮһСֱӳˮǰȻ󻺻ˮһ㣬һ͵ϢȴǷѩ׵ĹâޱȣˮܸܵǿֲϬ֮
ˮϢӻָˣҪȫָҪ
ˮ÷ɽڿ׳һ߿Ŀǰˣܣһߣٶȿˮզࡣ
ͨȥ
ǽɽȻʲôҲûˣɽˮоԼһ壬·Լһ֣ϾɽˮܶľѪ
ɽˣˮɿһζһûа׷ѣƾѷɽˮһ˽ʮƽҹ
һɱﵣҷɽճɣҪԺҪһЩĲɽ
ЩԵģˮ̫ˣһٷԱ㣬ʼϹǿѾﵽ쾳磬ˮǻÿֹ֮һиߵľ磬ֻһֱûͻƶѡ
ȥʱˮѾĲˣõ˷ɽˮоԼļֱˣھһЩ۵鷳Ҳˡ
ɽƳɹˮĹ滮һҡ
ڱԳǶһЩӵģڲ֪ǲǻҪԭƻ֪ǲǸýһľ磬ֱȥǺǸΧľ硣
ǺܴܴľҲǹĿֲҲĿǰΪֹǿ򣬱ȻҲľ磬Ȼǲһ󵵴Ρ
ӣԳڴĳ˻һǷǿڣĳгɵǿޣ˭Ĵһʵ磬һĵط޷ܵĵط
£۷壬˺ǿѵģҲԼĳȻҲԼĳʵ;ͬ顣
ӼңΪԴΪĵرÿ춼ÿ춼Ƕ磬ǲ׺һʲôҲ㡣
ˮ׼ǿǲֱӽǸӵľ磬Լÿ


2100 
ˮһᣬ뵽ѾһˣⱱԳٿǸоʺԼʵ͸磬ڷɽˣȫԿȥǰһβµľ롣ԭǲ˷ʱ䣬ˮ뿪
ˮ뵽ˣ֪û뵽ٴγһֲܿԺӦÿھдһ͵˷ɽԼ뿪ˡ
Ȼ׼ߣҲý£Ȼǿ׼ҵׯ԰ˮÿ׼˴ΪչˣǰԼ˵ԼѾ뿪
ٴͣ죬ˮѾùˡ
е㲻֪ʲôоñϾǹţʱ׼ҼͼҲǰģڹţȻΪɽԭҲǺ£е㲻
ˮǾɾʱ䣬ѻָˣɽҲѸٵȻˮɽǲǷ־磬Ҳ֪ڵԪ
һʱҲûҵɽĶԣɽϲʧԼģ޵
ˮòˣԼĶһֱ񾭽ĸоûзɹ
ɲ˵ܷɾܷɵģܶһӶܷɣһֱǰŷɣһɲ͵ʱ
ˮûˣʵ⣬ɱв٣Ů˸ǣŮȫĸڣѲ࣬ȴǶܺá
뵽һУһֵ𣬶˵֪㳣֣ʵҪ֪㣬˹̲Է⣬һ̬ǿһֹֻ۵̬ˮԼ̬ƽ
壬ҲˣԹҲˡ
Ĺˣһ˵ĸоһ˵ĸо·Ƽһ㣬һȫṹҲѸٵı仯
þˮعɢһɵȻȻʣһһ˵ʣееʥе塭
š
ˮһ
һֱˮоԼϵĳɾͺܲˣѾﵽеˣǾþҲԶˣڲ֪ǰ뷨ôĿȣڵľ֮ǰȣ֮ĲѾ׼ȷļ㣬˺ȸ
о·ˣȻʵûʲô仯ˮƻȴǱ֮ǰҪֲ̫̫ࡣ
⼸ˮû뵽û뿪õ˾޴ĸҪ֪һĿҪôĻԵʱͣһǺܲģһζļ·ϵķ羰ֻŷ羰ôͻͣͲǰ
һµ죬Ҳ뿪ˣʰ߳Ժ⿴죬뿪
ͤУˮһĺȲ裬ѾˣеĸоϵҶ˴ˣʣһЩҶʱűƬƬ¡
Ҷ龰ңᣬԲ̫пͻȻˮ̧ͷ棬ΪгĲû⣬ܿͷЩ˾Ȼǳġ
ΪˮϤˣ٣ˣǸʦȴûп
ˮҲʲôˣԼס֪ǽΪ£
ҵˮ֣ԼĽ鲻Ž֣ˮΪɺԼĲˮ
Щׯ԰ϿͣˮӸߴʹĸоǺܺõģվݶȺҲΪʲôߴߵԭ򣬲λĴλǺܲĸо
ˮ̧ͷЩˣӱ˺ܲˬӷˮӱ˵ĸоܲˬ
ȻˬҲͷˣ֮ˣϵı࣬һ˫ϸ֮һ˲Ҷӡ
һ΢֣ȴǹŵ΢ЦľһЦͬϸȴ΢Ц
үү
ʱָˮ˵
ˮû뵽ԼߵǰһЩˣЩ˲Ҫˡ
ǲ뿪߻ĻҲǴ
ˮͷȿڲ赭˵
Сүүǰݵ÷
ȵ
ˮЦˣͻȻſץȥ
֣
һž޴Ľſ˹ȥֱץסǾ޴Ȼˤ˵ϣĽ֮һζ֣һˮȣǰʵ̫ǿˡ
֮ǰǱʶʹóʵ֮ǰˮǴﲻôԶģȴǿԣ֮ǰָоˮԴ򵽣ʹֵ˲ˮȷܴܲЧ
һЩһҳһţȻǿվģȴǶˣȻˮһͬʽƾҪ
ˣ֪˭Լ鷳ˣ鷳
ǸһֱЦе߿ˮ˵


2101 ħƵƹ
֪Ҳ֪ʲô˵û߳ȥӰ顣
ˮͷ˵
С̫ˣħƵˡ
һֱЦеߴʱ˵
ħƵˮ֪ⱱˮʲôħƵеһΣˮ治ⱱʵ
ħƵû˵
ˮʵ˵
߱ҭһ£ħƵڱǲôһεţʵȴǱǿһ˺߶ħƵҪĶࡣ
ħƵɱ𱱲ǿĶ࣬ǽֻΪһ£Ľƣ֮ǰһʹ
Ϲһ˿βֹĽ
ڱǿĴڣֵýӵı򣬱ǿĴڣǾǱϴˡ
ˮЦˣÿ˶ҪΪΪ߰ɣҲġˮڰ֡
Сӣһã֮ǰȶҲˣΪԼǾͲκ㣬ʧҲǷƵ顣߷ŭ˵
ˮվƵ飬ҵҪ˭𣿡
ˮʶס̶ֺܲĸо·±ץסĸоǸݵˣһǿߣôԱһ¡
Ҷ֡
̶ˮ
ˮЦЦʶһɽ̶ֱնȥ
̶󾪣ɹ̫ˣ׼һѽ˹ȥ

ȻһĽžͿ̶Ľϳˣһ첲ҲնˣɽֱӷɻʧˮС
ֻһλᣬ´һնԴҲ´˭ֻҪҾͲ顣߰ɣǲҵĶ֣Ҫһţʱڶûطޡ
ˮƽ̺һǿ
̶ˣԼȻûл֮СʲôʱܵƺǲͬϵϢӴɽȴ鶯ƮݣһֳȻĸо
ˣһ˵ĸо
̶ѪѾߵǸ߸ֹסˣʱüͷԥеѣ̶˾ߣ
ˮǾһ򣬿еˣѾʧһ첲ټһⲻʲô
һһᱻ仰סȴǸһ˵ĸоָоǿңĿԽħƵ
ħƵǱʵǻҪǿ󣬿ǲ޵Уھݴ½ܲѴ֮ħƵ̫ˣĲԼĸо֮ǰǸ˵ֶΡ
ħƵĿ죬ߵĸ죬ˮڶԷ뿪ûʲô⣬˷ɽľ֮ǰҲһ޴ɱ䣬ڸӼᶨ뿪ľģħƵĿ׾ٵ
ûӰ쵽ˮڶˮ뿪ʱ򣬿׼Ѿǰӹչׯ԰ˮԸһЩֱ֮뿪
һǰľ磬ܹ󣬺ܻӵĵط֮ǰıһֻԵĵط
пռУˮںݸλһ㡣
֮ǰˮѾо˺ܳʱľݵͼλõģԺǲȥﶼҪһλá
⻹һԭƹȲǺԶȻǺԶˮž˵ģǸܽٵҲûƳȥռºƲݣ׵ҲԿ£б֦ƻҪ£ڲ֪ⶫʲô
׼һ֮ˮֱʹ壬뿪˱
һ߿գһˮڵоһԵѹڱʱûУȴǴڣѹˮͻҲܵѹǸܵȴҲ֪ʲôڡ
ĳǳˮ֪ͼֻ֪һţǱ
ǱʲôǳؾͲ֪ˣˮе𺳣һֹӴĳǳأȴַٵ£ֹӸ˸ĸоǴΡĽһ޾ͷ
ˮ·ߣĿĵţˮûиоʲôֻǸоɣҲǺڵʵйϵνո˵
ǣ޹ңȻ˭Ҳʶȴûһĸ
һ£ˮǾȥƹȺˣҪȥһεģȻҰ֮ˡ
׼ˮʹþУѸٵʧԭء
ƹȲڱ򣬲ű򣬺ƹȺܴ󣬴Ⱥɽ֮䣬Ⱥɽջֺɫƶ䣬ƣǲǻƲ֪ΪԭŽкƹȵġ
ˮоУҲǵڶŵƹȵģӦǺȺɽ


2102 ʺͱսС
ȺɽҲһյأϵ߽̽Ǳͱ򽻽紦ȺɽĻ϶Ǳͱˡ
ͱʵΪʵģһֱõڣǿʵǱʺͱǰ˵ķţųϣٸ߱ǵ¡
˵Ǳʣǵʵˮ˵ܾǰˣҲˮΪʲôԭ򣬱ڵ̫ɹʼ̫ɹˡ
ǱƿصʵҲˮܼ֣廢ɹˮ֮ǰڴ̽Ϣǲ廢ˮ֪ˮ̨
廢һֱ̨յһĲֻһֱû廢ڵϢ廢ɹˮȷһЩ˲û˵廢ɹ廢ڸĺ֡
̨ˮ˯˶ˮ֪Ҳûʣоʱ䲻ǺܳҲϣӦڳ˯˰Ұɡ
ˮǰ̫ˣǰĳˣڴ½ȴǵָ䣬Ҳϣͨ˵뱲ӹȥˣ˵ʲô
ˮŪ˺Ʋ֮ȥ̨գȻʱʹһΣÿ¿ÿλôΣԹˡ
̫ɹ廢ɹǸǿ󣬲֪Ȼƺȱǿ󣬱Ͼʱǿ󣬵ʵȴͲ֪ˣϲ˵һУôǿô˭ǿһ
Ⱥӵ˽ƹȣȺӵĳҲеҲһģʱĿԿһЩ߳еԼߣеѾ̧ţѪ߰ߵġ
ڣ˺ܶ࣬һ㶼Ϣ׼úٽȥҲＯϣ˺ܶ࣬ǧ֮࣬⻹ߵġ
ûҽʦҵƺغѳŵسǣæ£սСӱл
ʱһһ֧˵Ķһڵϵġ
սСӣˮȥûսϢ׼һԮֵġ
ҽʦ
ҩʦǴţûҿõơ

ˮȵĿ߹ʮˣû뵽һˣЩӦþ׵㣬һЩ˿￴ķúܸߣ˵￴ǮҪٱڳҪöࡣ
Щһǵ˵ĲɫˣмŤͷߣʣµļŵ޲ߣȴԥ
ξͿ㣬ܱʱ䣬ȻҪ𡣡
һսСӵĳԱе㷢ҽʦ
һʣµļҲˣϵ˼Ǹ壬ദͷѣѪģؿݣҪ߹ˣǿȻܳš
˴һ֮ǰ˶޲ߣοںܶ˶ߵһʱ䶼ûǰϾʱԷ㵽ԼͷǺܵù
ˮʵֵģ뵽սСӣ˹ȥ԰ɣ
Ҳû˳ҽˣû˳ҽεĻҲںòи˳ˣʣµ˵û˷ԣȨҽɡ
ˮ߹ȥ˲֣ٽ֮ѭ֮߶ǰһŵҩι¡
ˮ˫Ѹٱ͸һ㣬ɢĹȻһѸٵǣֵ֮ǾùС
һֺܿ죬ۻңȴ˵ĺг˶ˣʲôҽһУˮȻһ˵˿ڡ
һпܿ죬ҲСʱȥˣʱ˭ˣڻ᲻º֢֪˵ҽԵҽˡ
ҽǿ۽ˣлҵѣҲ֪ҪʲôҴл
һ˿ˮ˵
ǽһ˵㿴ɺá
ˮΧ˵
ã
һߵԶһЩٴο˵սСӵĶӳ֪ʲôԸ
ˮֲÿֻǺΪʲôǽսСӡ
ˮ˵Щһʵ͡
һ㶣û뵽ˮôʣ˵սСӡ
Ҳʲôܵ飬ԺҲûʲôֱ˵
ˮһ֪ǲԼҪҵǾ磬ʲôðҲ̫˰ɣһֱѸٳ֣һͻȻֻǸоȻƺôֵġ
ڱ𣿡
ˮԽĺ
Ŀˮ֪˲ˣģʲôʽ΢
üˮЦģûκһĶ⣬սֻһֱ֪


2103 ˣˮɽʽ
ˮĻӾȵĿˮþ֮˵˵ս
ˮͷʲô𣿡
ʵһֱѰս񣬲֪ʲôʱԹ
һˮĻܼˮܲҵһսŷĽء
ҵѾеԶӦúܿˣҹͻȥӹڲ֪㲻ȥܼܲ
ˮźϾڲȷԷǲԼҪҵоӦǣ㲻ҲӦž޴ϵ
˿ԣںǻȥɣҸһҵͷ
ͷ˵
ˮƹȵģˣԺɣӦкƲݣʱչ˳չб֦׵ղֻԼѰˣˮȥ
λڱУһǱʳУ̫ɹҲڴˣǱʳԼʵһǱȽѺõ˵һݶûз̫ɹϡ
൹ǲڱʳǵĶ򣬲һ棬򣬶һͬһᴩʳǵɽϣɽȻϳɽϣңԶϾʳ̫ˡ
սСӵʵǺܲģרŵˮҲͺһְֻ׻ӥűɽȥ
ɽǰͽбɽôĲûһ׼ȷ˵ĳɱɽǺͱйϵȻҲͺͱйϵˣڱʼҵҫ
ɽǱʳҲǱɽᴩʳǸڱӴ롣
ʱһ˵ɽ£˵ȥͨһ¡
ˮͷˮǴǸ˵ȥȥ
ûһˣһαܵһ߱ˮһͷ࣬ڿȺȶܳˮһСɽһ˵
ս񴫳ߣս
ˮһ۾֪ͷǿսˡ
ͷźͨҲǺӣºͣôҲôԿ˲ò࣬ˮԼĸо
˵ʲôսⲻ𣬹ôһӶ鷳ŶһǶģס
󺺺ܺ񣬿һ˵ޱȣһĴͷ˵ʱܺ
ˮǺ⣬û뵽һȻһۿԼս񣬴ͷôһ˵֮ǰսСӶޱȣ˼ĿˣȻս
ͷƺˮȤˮȻ˵һ䣺ûȤдһ¡
ڴͷĻˮһҲȣսսսڿһҲ٣ˮҲеͷã
ɽ£ܿտͷ˫ȭˮЦʹñҵȭͷҵ
ãñʱһõģ룡
ͷɴֱˮȥĲأƺһζôĿͷȻĲȴǿܹ죬ޱȡ
ߵĲٶȣս񱻳ΪսȻǿֲٶȽϣǺֲܿġ

ٶȹ죬ˮԶֱһǳһȭͷ˳
ˮ۾һеȭζǣ񱩵ȫһȭˡ
ˮӰһ
΢
֮һĶ˹ȥִ̫󺺵󴦡
һĴͻƣˮ΢Ҳõһ䣬ǰرĺʹƺɣʱˮоսԭҲܣʲôʲôˮʱˮǿҵĸо
ͷˮȻҳԼȭȻ󣬵ڵȻӿҲҪѶԷˣļӲͷ򣬿ͱǺֲܿġ
ֻǴͷ͹ˮǵ͹ˮ̫ϵ衣
žžž
һӴһ죬Ѹٵ죬һ죬ֻˮʹͷ֪죬ҸӲ˼Ǵͷ屻ˣڴͷ˵ʱˮ˹ȥ
̫֣ɽʽ
ʱͷ˵һȵʱˮʱһƷ·ɽǰһ룬޴ֱӽͷƵĺˣҪһƨɵ
ûɱͷ·һɽӿȻٶȲ죬ǿ˵ģҲ֪ĺˮӲֱӱƵÿѪɥ
ˮľٶҲǿ˺ֻܶܶ࣬ΪĸоһٶȾ粻ͬʩչĲصĲ࣬ЭǺгҲȻ
ˮ·ΧһУ·ˮ㣬еǵ
ˮӰһٴγڴͷֱٴһ£ֱôغ«һˮ֮󣬴ѾСˣദĥˣϽ֣䡭


2104 
ˮЦ֣ͷǱվǸ̥
ΧļսСӳԱҲǲ˼Ŀˮֲ̫ˣ˾ȻԴĿս޻֮ɵӷ·һһС
û뵽Ⱥ֣иˡ
ʱһˮһ𣬾Ȼûзʲôʱ򵽵ģֻƾһˮ֪Լˡ
ˮһ󺺣֮ǰĴͷѾˮȵĻôֻˣ֮߱ǰĿս˰ͷֻǺͿս൱ˮȴֱ֪˵ͻȻֵĴ󺺾ԱǸս
ǵҲܶȡ
һ˫Ŀ߱촽һ鷽˿أܳ죬Ȳ°Ҳ˸о⡣
ս񿴵˲˼˵ϴ󣡡
ţçоô
Ц˵
ţçսʲô˶Ըдһ䲻һֱоеСܴĶһЩһˣǵһΡ
ܾɥ˭ϾһδɵСӿɵĴɵӷ·һֻСӣܲŲ
֪˰ɣҪŬ
ʱ򿴵ţçѾǷˣԲٴˡ
ˮʱѾ֪ʲôսˡ
ɽս
ˮֿܵ񱩵ˮ֪ſֲϵļɣɽļɣɾ԰ǿֲӳӿֲЧǰɽսһִ׾ս
ˮǿߣʵҪǿˮĴ򲻹ɽս
ˮܼԼҵˣҵ֯ˣԼӽȥϣҪɣȿ˵ȻҲԼ
û뵽Ҳǻƽսºˣƽսˡ
ɽսĵ˵
ϴ˵ǻƽս񣿡
ţçֻܿˮս񣬵ˮʲôս֮ǰսΪˮһǿս񣬱аɽսƵģ֮ǰҲˮ壬⿴Ǳֻǵôôֲ
ãҽĴӭ
ɽս΢Ц˵
ҽˮ֪ʲôغƣ
ˮʵ
ĴЦˣûƣûйսֵܽãһ㣬Ҫʱϣܳ棬սϣǺħǳС
ˮˣЦ˵мսѣҰҲ
һĴﲢûоȣͷߣȥʶʶǣ֪ս񶼻ǰġ
ϸ磬᲻ڱķУ
ˮ뵽ô󣬺ܶս񶼲ΨһģڱĵطӦòǺֵ顣
ȻᣬǴҵʹһħҲΨһһħźѾսħߵϣֻħźһ֪˾ͻ໥ںϣ飬
˵ĴҲ̾˵սҲˣҲΪһ˽飬Ӻܾúܾǰ϶ʱз
ˮҲ֣Ҳʹģһ鷢ڶĻ׳ܾöָܻԪġ
ûʲô취𣿡
ˮʵ
ǿǺѿƵģһʧ˺ħŵħûʲô𡣡
ɽս˵ҲǺܳء
˵ѾɽɽŸߴĵһܴ󣬺ܶĵսСΪ࣬Ĵˮжʮһսˮʮ
ĴﲢµģµǻƽսҲĵǸˣкܳԪʵҲǿģĴˮȥƽսġ
еĴҲϵһĴˮţç߽һȥݿһվ棬ƺѾ֪Ҫһ΢Цſǡ
ˮ
ĴﲢûжܣܿοǿĴڡ

ţç
߰ڰ֣Щûô
˵ЦſˮҵһôҪҪ
ߴɫĴţçк뿪ˡ
ˮЦ˵ҪϲɣһЩҪ
ûκӰ죬ǰɭϣλ˽γɣԺɢģĶԾΪԼһ֮ԼʲôģֱӿԷ뿪
ߺǺЦ
ˮû뵽еӵΪΣҲб׶ˣɢˣӰЧʣ¶ԣклο̶ȣǿ߲Ը̫ܵԼ
ҲãˮǱȽϲģȻһˮоﻹȿԣˮͰͨ˴Ӧûá


2105 廢ɹŮս
ȻˮЦ˵ǼүӣҪʲôʽ𣿡
Уܼ򵥵ģ˽Ȼ㣬һƪԡ΢Ц˵˵
ȻûжˮҲ֪ԵһЩݣ޷ǾļԺΪܶŽѰ໥ֵܽõȵȡ
ˮܿͿʮսˮֱǿĴʣµĶˮаɽսƽս
ʣµĸ֮˵ĸΪһˮ֪ԼܴܲȨ˵һһһŮˣһٸһŮˡ
ʲôսһȻĹǿĵģҲŮˮ֪ԼǲǶ֡
Ů޳£͸壬˸оޱȵˮۣǰɽΡΡģͦɢǿҵջβγһ־ԲκŮһޱȴ˿ӷס
ȴǱֱϸһһ庮ҷһһ˫һۣüͣ촽ֱ촽΢΢е񣬻߲кַ͵ģĴߺǷĴ꣬ˮȻеа뵽
ǰи˵ʲôٸٸƼɼٸˮʱûп೤ʱ䣬ҲǴ϶¿һ£û뵽Ů˾Ȼˮգգ˫һۡ
ˮεЦЦŮսҲʣʵǵ׵ġ
ȻˮԣԺˮ֮ǰĲֻ࣬ǸʽϾܶʹʲôʱΥԵ̫̫ˡ
ʽߵĻߡ
ܿˮˣеʦүй֮񣬴ߣõǰ˵ĴУҪжй֮ӦõģȻ㡣
һˮѾһԱˣĶʮսԺֵܽˣˮţжʮ˲Уһǰʱ˳ûͲˡ
֮⻹һЩǿߣȻս񣬵ʵҲǿᣬĳϣвһȫս񣬾սСһҲս񣬶սСӵġ
ˮĳִҶǺܻӭģ໥ʶ˵ǿľǰɽսˣȻǾս񣬽ս񣬻иս⼸г˵ɵģսҲʵˮܶ࣬ߵǸ;׵·ӡ
ˮڶϻһܣǰǲܵ£һǸŮˣٸһŮˣˮ֪Ů˲ٸֻ˸о죬оֻٸſô죬ôзϡ
ˮ֪ԼܲʤŮˣҪˮʵҲǰˣʶֱһһɽսʹˮȥˮĵÿսԼһĵס
ˮⲻٻ
ɽսǺЦ
⣬鷳Ĵˡ
Ĵ磬Ǹ廢ɹʵΣ
ˮ뵽廢ɹʵ
廢ɹʵѷɫ籱ʳǵ̫ɹҪǿһ㣬ôˮʲô𣿡
Ĵĵʵ
һ廢ݺȥˣҲûд廢ڣֻ֪ںݣ֪廢ɹǲǾ廢ء
ˮҲûֱ˵
ҿԱ֤廢ɹ廢ڸģ˵廢ڻ廢ɹ֪ԺлỹǴ廢ɹϢɡ
Ĵｨ
ˮͷллĴ磡
Լ˲ÿ
ˮڲ֪ҪҪȥ̨սӹڽͨ˻һ㣬ﵽʲô֪ˮʵֻԱһʲôΣͨ˾͵ڱԼˡ
ˮڻȥ׼̨պͨģڿɣһжϤ
ˮҵԼռһЩվ򣬴ЩʲôطС
ˮߵ˵ԼҪȥҽݣ˺ܾȣˮҽôˮ˳ȥеһЩȹһµﾭʲôġ
ƽսҲǾޱȣû뵽ˮȻҽôտЦ˵ȥɣȥˣŵҲһҽˣһȥտʼһ˹ƺæ
ŵǸٸһľɫսֻˮû뵽ҲǸҽʦ˵ģӦҽ治
ˮȷʵҪֱ֣ȥŵˣϾ
ˮÿŵţŷ绪˳˼壬ˮԼ
ŵˮԵһȻ¶˵ЦݣСܵҽʲô¡
ˮоԼͷðˣûĳƺˣ˵ȿȣǸ˵㶮ҽҪȥʳǿҽݣһȥ


2106 ûҲô欣
ˮĻŵҲһ㶺ĿˮҲҽ
Ů˾ȵɫͷһ㣬ʵǰǿҽݵġ
ŵˮ仰ȴǲôŵģ˵ҽҲˣһõսһֱҽǲŵģں˵Ҫҽݣ治֪֮ǰĻǲġ
ܸܲ㿪ҽΪʲôǿһʱ䣬ǻһֱ
ŵʵ
һֱ֮ǰҶһط֮Ҹ˽֣еѣеͽܣⱱʳǹӦûܳʱ䲻뿪ˡ
ˮ˵Щһ·Զˡ
ŵˮĻһ㶣ͷãһҽݣҲҿҽ
û⣬ô
ˮЦˣӦҲãϾһʱʱҸϻ˲ףοŮ˺ǿ󣬲Լ̫ġ
ҿɣû⣿
ŵЦ˵
ˮͷƣŵҲûԥ¶˪ѩ
ˮò˵Ů˵ʲôǺܺãԼȻһЩ־һЩܺԪЩǺԣˮԥһ£ܺá
˼˵ûκˣ
ŵЦʵ
ӲҪ˵һе⣬еʧ
ˮоǸС⡣
ŵһ㶣е㲻ȻĿˮû㻹ˢӡ
ⲻʲô⣬ԼҲûƣܿҲ࣬εľ͸ˣΪҲ֪ⲡܺΣҲΡ
ʲôõİ취ûУ
ŵʵ
ʧȻҪͣأ㣬һֹﵽͣһͷҲܴﵽͣ˵Ӧòôðɡ
ˮ˵
ˮ֪ûˣǻر֮ǰԼСܵܵĳͷ
ŵȻ֪ˮһ仰ʲô˼ĺһۣСܵܽ㻹ûˡ
ˮȵĿŵû뵽ûҲ次
СҴǲǣ
ŵû뵽һȻ˵仰òСһܺÿͿͣСǽȻͬģմ󺺸ͬСòȴյᣬܹʣᣬɢȴǳյζ
ǺǣˣЦˣһȥҸλðҽݿɣ
ˮ˵
ŵҲûж˵ʲôͷˮһ뿪֮ǰ˴˸кгֵɣһ֪ôϵˮڱʳǿҽˡ
ŵҲûʲôҪʰģпռıһ㳣õĶ棬ʻһȾģȥֱȥͿˡ
֪иطȽϺʿҽݣҽûġ
ŵˮܸоˮ̫ˣǸսʵȻ˵ŵо͸һһҲٷĵģΪôǿʱѧҽ
ŵҽҲҲǲרϾû̫ʱ仨ҽϣҲûǸ˼
ǲңɣҵطһа취ҵġ
ˮ֪Ů֪Լҽﵽʲô磬Ĭġ
ã̫ˣ
ŵĵ˵
ȻһϲһЦǳޱȵջ󣬼ʣҪģȻҲôµȻսʱһȻһ¶ġ
ˮû׶
⻹ûʹɢȻѾеˮҵˣȻпܳ
ʳǱһǣ̾ʲôĴڶУ䣬壬ӵܣŵӣҹ㣬¸Ů
ߴĽԵкСǵĴ½Ͽлᾭ޴ޣһ㶼ǱѱģǿһǲܼطģһЩ˵Ĵ⡣
һִҲκεط֣һЩضĳǳأһЩǳصضĵطһεĹ򣬱Ͼɱˣûʲôĵطɱ˻鷳ǿһ˿ɵУҲǿǰնɱ
ˮ
ǱʳǵһĽ֣ģˮоûϵþƲƾԼ԰ִ
˳ŵָķˮˣһ㶣ΪСΧ̫СˣҲǸС¥ֻ㣬֮ţǺۡ
ʲôԼģûҶסһʱ䣬ó㿪ҽݣô
ŵˮһ䡣
ˮܲŮϲɫ̫꣬ɫıܿȥʧ
ΧѾкüĿɿڴǹӶε˻ûлػꡣ


2107 β
ˮЩŹӵʱƽһЩŵƺЩһҲֻ֣ҪȺʱ򼸺ЦǱһΪ³Ů˾ǻˮ
ˮֹһġ
˵ʲô
ŵˮ
˵ѾԻˡ
ˮΧ˵ǰȥ
ŵҲ֪仰Ůǿ佱ǱأˮС¥ȥ
С¥źСҪǺΧȣرǰǱһĴԵС¥Сˣȥ֮ʵǶôСÿһʮƽҡ
Ҫ֪ǰطǴˣھݴ½ֻССˮоѾˣɽڸ飬ҽҲڴСҽС
ôҪǲȥң
ŵˮΧʵ
ܺãˣҽݲڴСҽʦеĻٴҽҲûģοǵҽݺͱĲһ
ˮЦ˵
Ǿ˲ҪǮ
ˮЦ˵
ţǮ򲻵Ķܶ࣬Ҫʲô
ŵһ˿Цʵ
ˮֺ欵ŮһǸҪ˲ʱޣҪǷ޹һ첻֪᲻жڴϣоǼ尾е㻳ǲǴˡ
Ҫ顣
ΪôҪģƱ޷ƵĲȻ˭ԸҽΣǮмۣ޼ۡ
ŵҡҡͷ
԰˵ǲһĲֻЩ֮ˣҶ˻ʲôĲ֪˳۵ҲΣͨ˵˾֢ǿΣҼǮǾԸֻҪеһ˵㡣
Сܵܣѣ˼ܺá
ŵǺЦŵˮ˵֮ˮǰӻӡ
ˮһǵ֤Լҽˣóһյ㣬ҿһǿҩʦҽʦһԼڶǰƵյഺͣʮꡣ
Ů˰ԣԽƯŮԽںԼòΪǺһʧȥɱǻʹࡣ
ŵˮĻ۾һʮ겻ȴǺҪ˥ϺǺͨһʱıϵȥʮ˵䵽һʮУͨ˺Ҫǿ߸Ҫ
ˮнӹȻϲĿˮԼƵģ
ˮɴóһ͸Ҳ٣ˮƵĺܶ൤ҩòϵĶֳһһģҲһ֣˵ƤֽԵ˿һݣѻ϶˲ˡ
ԽԽľԽԽģ˵Żгһֻѩ׵ĺ꣬ˮסˣβǾβɺˮûмôÿĺ꣬ž߳һŵſţſͦεɽϡ
ˮĽҲˮ
ܿˮͷֻĲͬһûйȴǿȻȻûйȴǿʹû˸棬˿ϲĶҲǿԼֲĶ
ˮ뵽ԼƵĵҩĵֶҪʳܴ֮Чˮϴûʹùû뵽ȴ
ˣβٶȺܿ죬Ӱץס̫ˣȻô棬βûֱɱģҲǿ
ŮóˮĶʺ޵ģĵֻβԵ
ҲɣЩǿˡ
ˮݸŵһϹⶫ𵤿β̨ס
ŵ̫ˣһ̬¶ˮеԲŮ̫欣̫ˣǰ˵ʲô꾫˵ǰе壬ʵˮ֪ʲôǺģʲôĺģϳ˵ĺģʵҲк
ֲŵӵоβҪϵĺԭŮ˿ûʲôɱʵΣյģˮ֪ŵйķʽʲô֪ԾʩչԼɱﵣԷȴǺѷ˶֪ôġ
֪ѾˣβѾŵˣôˣʱŵˮҽˣֻǸоһôѧģȻҽҩôǿ
֪ˮܶණĻ֪ôԾء
ˣҽô
ˮɴະˣ֪˶ãŮһԼĿڵġ
ŵˮĻе㲻˼Цҵҽһ㣬ɱָҵҽ
ҽϰɣϲġ
ˮ̸ŵⶫѧѣؼûн̣еڴһĶо£˸оǲֽͱ˾ͻᷢ־ɻо档
ⶫһǲ⴫ģҪء
ˮЦ˵
ŵͷҲ⴫ġ
ˮʼѻʲôİϣЩڱԳǵЩֱӴɾóͿˡ


2108 ۵÷
ŵˮܿͽŪͲˣȻС˵㣬ˮ˵ģҽݲڴСֻҪҽʲôõġ
ʲôʱţ
⼸ɣţҸӡ
ˮ˵óдõӣһ棬ĹǰеһƴϾҲɫʣ򵥵ľѪ޺ܶѪҺǺɫģȻһЩֲ֦Ҷʲôġ
ˮҸӺܼ򵥣ѩ׵ƤɵĳΣұ߿ѩ׵޹ģˮдģԾƮݣˮҲǲġ
ҲǸ߱ǸʲôģȻõӺҪҲȫ
ˮҲûдŵԺɻԬգҲϣҽ϶һ棬ϾҸҽӶŵù˺ѡ
ˮķ䣬ŵķ䣬ǰŵҲס㣬ÿ㶼൱ǰһ׷ˣǴˣʲôÿһ㶼ǱȽȫ
첻ţŵƺҽȤˮһЩԼ¼ҽֳЩˮдģóȥҲǺܱġ
ˣŮƺûͣ˼ˮȥ¥׼Եģζ̻ܿƮŨζ
ˮҩʲôģˮӣҪЩٲ˵ġ
ŵŵζ˼Ŀ¥ȻЩҽ顱϶¥ˮѾϰһиĸˮһСӡ
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˵ˮóһ̳ƺˮҹⱭ
ŵ㶵˼飬ζƣɫȫķˣҪǿǲмȥ˵ģȻʦĵλͣкܶкܶ˲ϧһٷ
ġ
ŵ΢СܳԾĿˮ
ˮŮڵӣرԸе촽ں޲ȥڣСɱϵЩˮ
ÿţҲŮ˳õĶ
ˮЦ˵һ˵е㲻ԣʲôŮˡ
ˮʵûб˼仰˵̫ǿˡ
ŵǹĿˮû˵ʲôӹˮĿӣһڲ˷ŵϵıܷḻ˫һۺƯرΨ
óԣҳԹóԵġ
ʼŵеŲܿͷſˣϵĴ뵹ǽĿУرǼˮӣϾȻĸˡ
֮Ų˼Ŀˮƽ̹Сӣñ
ˮŮˣǱƵݹȥƣԱ֤ϲ
㣬ãһЩԵģ㿴ʲôǮűȽϺáˮʵ
˵ʵⶫܸоҲЩŵ˵

ţ˵ǮɲǮʲôŵе㷢Ŀˮ
ȻǺöϾԵģտʼǮɣԹ㣬ϾЩΪ˴ˣ֪ҲԽԽ࣬ӰҲͻˡˮŵ顣
ţҲУҪҪܹ󣬶Ҳ࣬һһտʼҪ΢˵㣬ȫһһһһ̺ˣԺۣʹûƣҪֿ֣Է
ˮ˼ĿŵŮ˾Ȼֶ뵽ˣǰĻʲô̵ܶ궼ǻֻԱƣҲһЩƣŮĻƶȻǵһ˵
ôңǲǲԡ
ŵе㲻˼˵
ܺãһͰȿҪʲôٻ֣ȵȣȵŹƲöþҪƳˡ
һ˶һЩĴʩˮѱܽٵĲԼõҩݻһֻҲһЩĶһЩ֪ǰᶨ
ڶÿˣЩģˣսСӵģҲԭ򣬵Χܶ˹
ЩˣȻóԺúдζƮΧǧ֮ڣһȻһЩǰ־ƺȣͼЩȻ֣͸ȻҲԺ
һúܶ˶ޱȣˮҪľĹ棬Ųþͻú֪ܶ
Щ˳Թ֮ȵ֪֮Щ󣬶һǿűȽϱ˵ģһǳ˶ٽӡ
ҲǾޱȣЩ˶ǲȱǮοԼˣŵЩһһΣԺͲýţһЩ˳üģҲ㣬ٺõĶҲԣ˲֮󶼴Ӧˡ
Ҳǿˡ
Եÿûж٣Ϊֹڶ磬۸һӣһһӣһһһ㣬һزʲôһӡ
һӿɲСǮͨһͥһĻҲʮӣһһӣԹ󣬾ԺڣˮǴͨ˵ģˮͨˣԼǰǸͨˣҲûаԼĶߣͼͨˣ𣬿𣬺οֻǸֶΣǮڵҲо


2109 õǰ̩
ҲΪԭ򣬿ŵʱϾҲпζԭ򣬷ǺܿˣڶͶ֪õĲȱ𱱻ʳõľ¥ﶼζ
ζζǮҲǸߵףǮ˺ܶ࣬ͨľ¥ȥ˵۵ˣͨ˵ǿʮѣһӵġ
Ҳкܶ˶һǧģЩŵôζȻԴһ٣ϧѲóٽӣ˼ȫˮҲֻ
ˮûҪ˵Ǯ׬ҲҲ룬ǮǺҪһоΪ˴οϡΪԽԽԵõɲһʱ䶼˷˵档
ÿˮɾеʱһЩһЩÿҲֻ˲ҲȫһҲĽӣӾԲˣЩ¥׬ĻҪࡣ
ʱѾ԰ѰٷˣˮͦõģȻǰ˿˼ͨ˵ľ֢һѼҴĿʯˮһó˼һĽǮ࣬ȴǶͨ˵ˣܿģΪɱĵطҲҪȥȫǮҪǮ
ˮֻƾ֢ƺˮǿ
ŵУǿڸˮûµʱҲŮЩгϲ£ҪǽһЩйҪ˵ϡ
ŵϲҽҲϲҪֻӺͳ룬һˮʲôģɣϲöþͻ꣬˾ûʲôˡ
ŵˣһеӣҽҲǳˣϾ˼֢֪Щ֢״ûҩʦҲܡ
Ǹɫҩʦǿ֮ǰЩѾ֤ˣû뵽ڳϾǳ񼶱ġ
ˮͰӹҳɣ
ŵЦ˵
ſҵһܵʱ䣬ˮٵȵȣǸҪдžۻֵķõСӴ棬ֺü֣ʱѣǲԳӵ
еĺܶ࣬ͬҲͬһ־ܶһӣĶٶһ֣ߴϰǧֵģҲϡȱ
ãǾ͹ҳɣֵҸˣҲܼ죬ʶӡǡ
ˮЦ˵
Ǯ׬ϧ̫Ҳûˡ
ŵ̾˵
ôûأԱȻһʳЩ¶ĸȹѵʱ̣һЩ޿ûϡ
ˮЦ˵
Ҳˮܾǰõģ֮õģȻôԣǿԴٽ磬˵Աƣ»˼ҷɣİ˻ĲʱյǴ尾һ
ŵˮĻ۾һĿˮȷ԰ЩǮЩ
ò˶٣ߣҪǮٶǮҲ¿ԶƵ£Ժսʵġ
ˮǺЦ
û뵽ҷԽԽ͸ˡ
Ҵ·𣬵Ȼ͸ˡ
ˮ˵
ŵɫȻһ죬ĵĺˮһۣһξʹ޵еȻˮһ󲻿ɿƵӿ죬ɫܺ죬е㼱٣ŵѾ֧һŵ񡭡
ˮʶһͼˮȻ޷ֹϵһЩ仯Ա֤ʶѣҲʣŵε˵˵һŮҪһףֲɱңĪǾռܴı𡣡
ˮ仰ǺģŵȻɫӽˣݺݵ˵һǮ⡣
һξһµʱȥˡ
һʱ䲻õȴһһ죬ѾȥԶˣһˮֻ֢һǱʳǵ̩Ҽ
̩ڱʳȻ̫ɹ֮Ҳһļˣ̩ҼڱʳǻǺܳģΪʮǰ̩Ҽ°һ̫ãȻ̫ãʮ겻⡣
˺ܶҽʦҩʦûãΪҲǽ֮ǰ֮һ
̩ҺˣĶŮǿ󣬵ʱûжȷԼûȬ֮ݴѼλӴȥģĶŮͬ⣬һֱλϣȻ̩Ҳк֦ܶʲôģû˸顣
һҲõ̩֮ҼԵõĳԵģкȵһ÷ƣû뵽һֱоԽԽƺǿһЩһ²żᶨǰͷ
ˮκ̩֮ҼģʵָˣûˣصʮǰǸǿĴڣˮΪ˴Բû̩Ƿʲô飬һ̩֮Ƿһ˵ϲҽΡ


2110 ݷ
̩ҼõҽܺЩԵˣ̩ҼǺӰģ֪ˮõЩԵģζȹ̸һЩʵ
һӸǲˣܶ˶ǲϧǧһ̳ʲôģúԭŵĻػǣ㿴ǲǵǮ𣿡
ˣڲԶͥԺ۾ˮһ˺ʮֺһ̳÷ơ
Ȼһʳһˮÿˡ
ʳˮŵ֮󱨸浽ģǸģʳҪһЩܳԵʳǺܸԣڸԣĵطҲࡣ
Ȼʳѷˣֻһ㣬ЩؤʰͶ·һǲȥԵģ׳겻мʲôĲܳʱԻȡ
ˮǴʳһЩ¶пһЩʺõģһЩǰ̵мʱ뿪սСӿǰҲõ͸
ˮһʱ֮ͨԼЩѵһϾԺս
ʳˮˮŵģ˶֪һ¸øߴ˵úڣϾЩóԣҲô
ڿúڵǮԥó츣ͨˣ׳ٻúܶҴźġ
Ҳû˻ǹ˿ģǰͬǿΪ磬¾ʲôӵУҪʵʵβͲЩ㹻ˣʵ
ʵϺٻȥײģΪЩ淭ʲô˻Ҳúܶˮĵط
ڻˮÿֶγ͸ЦˣòſֶΣʲôҲҲöþ졣
һж˳ĽУһһĺ߽ãһķԱǰѯʲô԰ﵽġ
Ѿĸæ˼ҳģʱм˵ʱǺܶǰвٶǹӸʲôģܶ˶Ŀĵѧ񼶳գеǿŵòǰġ
ˮĸͨˣҲûʲôسǵĹǮȴ㹻һ˻ʣ࣬˵Ҳһˡ
ҪЩƷжڵײ㣬ȴǺԭȻûʲô󱨸ؼʵԸ
ϰ壬ҪյĶ
ĺЦ˵
Եȣ
ܿˮ˳ǸĴЦãˮ֪ʲô
ĺӿˮһ㶣ﰵԷᣬõûģóһڴ򿪣óĶ
һ
һСܾ£ɢһسϢ
ˮֻһ۾֪һĶдչһЩ첻֪壬ֻҪΪĶԣҪǮ߻֣ҩʲôĶУֻҪÿչ
ͨȥ
ݷЧҲˣܼܺһĶ̺صҲһĿʯƳɣΨһĹЧ硣
磿
ˮסˣԼķɽ㲻ݷȻֱģˮǾȣ֪ܲܲɽľ磬ֶҪչˡ
ʲôǮ۸ң
ˮЦ˵
ҲҪǮ˵ǸҩʦҵΪѾܶûдˣ֪ܲܰң
е㲻˼˵ϾҲ֪ԼǲǺܹء
ӵʵҲһ㣬۷ʵƿˮڰͻ練ƣ˵һඥҩҲУȻǱͻһֵȼ쵽۵֣ˮĶܻҩͻ۷廹ǿԵġ
ˮЦŵͷԣȥǱߡ
С¥С滹иСԺӣˮȥľСԺӡ
Ҳһʱ䣬ӵʵͻˣôϲԺҲǸʼˣ˵ʵҪģˮһЩǵս
սǲģˮЩõĿռܶ࣬Ȼкܶ๦ˮӵˮֻģ˵ȴˣûõģֻʲõġ
ȻرļлŵʱһʮֵӣŪЩԣҪ֪Ҳ򲻵һ֣Ϊûת䣬ԺǮ࣬ʹûֹģϾˮôȱǮȴȱܶණ
ʳˮöҪӣÿһٷݻбҪģҪ֤ÿҵĽţԺӵķϾʳˮʲôҲòôӡ


2111 
ˣˮҲûʲôڰݷȻоôʹá
ⶫܺ𣿡
ŵ˹ǱѾˣǰƾ֢˺٣ʱһҲһΪÿ˶ҽΣеĸۡ
Ǹˮβ۾ܸ𣬿е˲Ը⸶ˮҲ޳ҽΣǸһУҪջҪиջ͸ȡ
ˮΪԼʲôһżȻˮҪκαҩˮΪԼʲô
֪ڻȷⶫŲӦǸĶ
ˮû󿴵ˣǺһȥͿˣˮûȥԣӽɾľ۱С
ھ۱ľҲ˺ܶ࣬ƺѾˣƷʲôģѾﵽˣ۱ʲô䡣
һöı仯ֲܿˣ۱ǿȻ˵ˡ
ˮݷʱĿɽĻôǿһЩ
ʵҪһֱרŸˣҽҲҪĲԿԵȼȻˮпˣȥ֪ͨ
ЩʲôģˮõЩʦ۳ŵˣѾԼϵȻ󣬵Ҳߡ
ˮһʼͿԼһֱþûҽʦҲӪҵ
㣬еҪȥ򿴿Ҫ㿴һʱ䡣
ˮЦ˵
ȥˮǱǶģսϢױº֡
ŵ˵һЩС
֪һСģô󣬲һļ̫Сˣ˵ǿġ
ˮ˵ʵ
ŵϻе㲻ģ۾һȥߺعɡ
ˮû뵽֪ĴģȻ֪ˣˮͷȥ㶫廢ɹ֪
Ҳ̫С廢ɹˣ廢ɹħŶ̫ɹ⼸ƽ˵һˣɹвٵʲôģȥֻݾߡ
ŵ˵
ˮԥһ£ŵ˵ûݾߵĿܴܺ󣬿ҲһֱʲôҲɣòһ
ŵˮԥЦ˵½ҺˣҸ廢ڵ顣
𣿡
ˮ˵
Ȼ鱨ҵģҰɱԼȥҪõĶࡣ
ŵ΢ͷ˵
ãǾ鷳ˡ
ˮǺЦ
ŵ㡣
ŵҧ˵
Ϊʲô㲻𣿡
ˮЦˡ
ǰɣԺҪŵ㣬ҺСܵܡ
ŵĵ˵
ˮͷ˵֪ʲôСܵ𣿡
֪ǺСĵܵ
ŵȻ˵
ʵ˵ġ
ˮ˵
Ҳ㡣
ŵˮӲ˼˵ˮЩദô˵ҲǺܺõѡ
ҵȻ֪ҾñŤ
ǸҲƺǺͨôأ
ŵʵ
˵ĿԺèŮĶˮ֪Ů˻ʣΪ˶žԺƺԼҧ˵˵ΪСܵܡ
ˮ˵˫סˣһŵȻЦˣЦȻ󣬲ɫһ䣬ʹˮһ۾뿪ˡ
뿪ɫǱ죬ܺ죬Σֱ¥ȥˡ
ˮΪŵˣҲǣ֮ǰԼ˵ȻǽͣϾԷһŮˣ˵ʵ˹Ϊġ
ˮһȥԷһֱɣȻԼе񣬵̫֡
ˮ֪û˸ǰ˵ֲ۵˵˼٬ŵֱڴ־Ĺ졭
Ҳ֪Ů˾һкܶа췢޵ݡ
Էʱŵǰһ˵Цûκβݣ߳Ա˵ˮȥˣġ
˹ϵҲǺ飬ͷãǾٵȵȣȰǵ
Źԣ
ŵЦ
ˮˡ
ˮɾʼҩʲôģһֱȥһʱ֮ߵ۱
óǸݷʱݷƷʺʲôѾﵽ˾۱ǿһݷԵֵ֮ǰݷˡ
ˮɽ¯ſʼƣǼþ硣
ʱûоһѤĹͬʱˮоеҲڷһ˿ı仯һֺĸоָо֯һµ
һкܿ죬Ȼƽˮ˷ɽڷɽ֮ˮˡ
ɽѾѣĿǰ


2112 ǿ
ˮסˣԭԼķɽҲģºˣһ˾Ǻ֣һĶ翪ʼǺܺģݷ۱֮࣬ˮоǰӦöһݷ㹻˿Լ۱ݷһһ绳ż飬ˮɽĽܡ
üгԱܵ˺һɣս
ˮܿģӦðԼ޺սѣֻսѲ֪ôģѵеˣǿԶʶ𼺷ս˫ȻǶģֺס
ˮоеȻܣӦûκ⡣
ɵĻָٶȣйзĶ˺ٶܵ˺ټܵ˺ٷ
ֻЩԾôǿˣˮ˺ܾãһľϲ˷ɽͺˣɽϬٶȼֲˮ㣬û뵽ھȻôǿĸǸġ
зĹ˵ˣˮһ϶ˣÿһӦӶйͷ
Ӷ൱ٴĹǶ˺ֱʵ˺ӵĿ£Ϊһֽӽӷ˺
ٶܵ˺Ҫãһټܵ˺ٷ֮ӦúǸüܵ˺һһȺģǿԼٰٷ֮ʮ˺
ˮл֮׷Լһڼˮڵʵٴ˺ܶ࣬Ҫ֪ˮڵķֲܿˣǹҲֲܿ
ˮ񵲱ҲһķֱӴﵽʮķԶ˺Լٷʮ˺⡣
֮ԼԷɵһҲԼԷɵٶȺʵʵͻ֮ĲָͬĹ
һ¾ʵֲܿļһҲѶˮвˣϾǿķͿ
ˮں޲ö㼸ݷϧֶңˮ׼չռݷŶӻȻչС
ͻȻˮ뵽ϴξһͨ˵ʱԷһʯʱɨһֻۣ˵ģһ뵽ĸϽ˳
һҲ֪ǸÿĻƣӦǿԿİɡ
ʯ
֧ʮ֮ľ
ܼ򵥵ĽܣˮһȣȻãʵٸˮʮ֮󣬵׶ټԿ϶ʮ֮
֮ˮҲҪʼôѰݷֻҪ㹻ݷôͿʱˮʵҲܶࡣ
ˮķһʮʮ
ˮľɽﵽһĹǿֲĶܻڵľɽΪһµĴɱıžֳˡ
ˮڵ泩ޱȣǼ磬ҲظоĳĲԼģǵ̡
һ˸ڴ½ǶǮжôǿĵ̣ǿĵ̣Ǯǹ
ǰҲˣʱ򲢲ֻжǮܶǮ˿һҹ֮һУǿжֻҪǣǮСˮʱȥ廢ڵˣϾӦŵǾͰȥˣŮ˵ӦÿԸԼһ׼ȷĴ𸴡
ڶˮһĵ飬Ʋˣһٻ֣ԷһƲݡ
ҩݾںƹȽΣһ㣬ˮļǮߣҲˣϾһֿɲһӣл֣һҲ
ˮоô֣ʳΪ죬ʳҪ飬һڵһλģܶڳԶֻΪ棬һܡ
ŵȻоҲ֪Щȵɻǲϵı˭ҽ
ʱһӲ
ʲô£ˮȻȻֱʵ
ҽ˭˲õĿˮ
ˮЦˣĶ壬һ۾Ϳһ۾ǳͷϵġ
ҾҪҵˡˮЦ˵
ҽô᣿ûƭҰɣ˵۾ˮ
ûйƭ㡣ˮ˺
ȻҽǾͺһ˰ɣү롣һ˵
үˣˡˮڰʾˡ


2113 а׳Һ
ƺû뵽ɻĿˮӲС𣬱Ϊ˽ҽΪԼҽˣ֪ү˭𣿡
ûȤ֪ٲ뿪Ҳȥʱҿɲܱ֤ĸ첲ǲǻġ
ˮˣǸˣȴǽӵҫ
úãţ
˺޺޵ĿˮһȻ뿪ˡ
ˮо֣Щ鼺ǵһˣȻ˵ҵǰԱȽޣ֪̫ˣԴ󲿷˶֪һŮģǸŮر꾫һв˶ǳŮġ
ȻЩ˶ûк³ɶ˻һͻһϾܶ˶ȸоԼּʲôģоһСҽʲôбٻῪһҽݡ
ŵЦſˮҪ鷳ˣôô಻۵ġ
֮ǰΪ㣬֪һΪʲôҪ²£ˮЦ˵
ðҲ¶ԷΪβ
ŵֱ˵
ˮŮˣʵӽģϾҽãľǿԻϲ󲿷ʲôˮҪչģô
ܲºһ𣿡
ˮʵ
ܣû˼ˡ
ŵϵ˵
ûжע
ˮЦʵ
УȻ²»ʲô˼
ŵǺЦſˮ
˵˵עɡ
ˮֱ˵
Ҫʲôע
ŵЦſˮ
ˮͷ㿴һ˼ܳʱ䲻֪ζˡ
԰㻹ġ
ŵգһ˫Ψӿˮ峺ޱȣˮǵһοŵô峺
ðɣ˵ʲôɣ
ˮ֪Ů˹ģˮ϶ʹ˼֣ԼʲôȻܿ⣬ˮȻپˣοˮҲǿЦôʱҲǵһοЦˡ
ˮŮˣر㣬ٸһĳеƲסԼŵľܾ֮ˮҲе㲻˼ʼⱻ˵ĸо
ҪɣˣҪ㱧
ŵˮһ£ĪһĲ̵˵
ˮʵ֪ŵܹŮ˿ô֮ھ˵˺ܶ⣬Լô׿ԺңҲֲԼֻܿǸŮˣ˵׼ǸˣŮü˰ɡ
ǻᣬûб˼ӺӶˣǲǺܻ쵰
ˮЦЦ
ʵˮ缺ˣ׷Ů˴ӲΪŮԭⲻԭŮҲоǸ谭Լ⣬ҲоǸ⣬һƶȡ
ˮ֮Ϊǰļ䣬оԼԭ
ҵȻ֪ӣûŮ˲Žأ˵˵жŮˡ
ŵЦſˮ

ˮεЦЦ
ŵֱӸһۣЦЦ˲öˣˡ
֮ǰǸ˴ǰΪ׵һῡݵӣᣬ۽΢΢ϳᣬһӰˮ֪ļҵүӸ硣
үûүҲүӻҪҡ
Ǹһָˮ˵
һӣһѩ׵ӣҲַεζҲߵǸˣֱӿˮȻˮߵŵеĹâܾʣһ˿Ů˺
ҽ
ӿˮʵ
ˮоƣܲϲ̬ȣǰǸԱˣҲǸˣо仰ԽԱԽرǿҡ
仰ȷˮûôԱǲϲһԼǰ
ǰˮӴֶ棬ǰܶ˶Ľ渻ٶʲôģȷʵֵĽĽĶûУΪ̫ңԶĽĻᶼûУǶǴ˵еˣ󲻵ġ
Щȷʵ󣬻ƵأЩ˿ֻܿͼƬˮŮˣǶ֪˯˶ٸˣģҹҹ
ˮܶĶǸ˺ܶ൵ΣǰĽУûûǵõıЩǸ࣬ڵŮ˿ЩǶҪĽġ
Һ£
ˮƽʵ
ʵҽġ
΢Ц˵

ˮˣԼˣԼڼˣս𷢲ƵĶ࣬Լ֪ʲôԼ
ˮЦˣ֪ôЦˣˣˮ뿴˸ҲԼʶһʲôǰ׳գ


2114 ʳ
˿ˮȵЦˣȻͷ˵ԣǺкôģһġ
Ŷ֪ô
ˮ֪ңЦʵ
ҿ̫СˣɣҸṩһõĵطҸø֪ʱ׬Ǯǰ˶֡
˵
Ұ
ˮЦʵ
ҰˣȻ㲻Կʱۻܶ࣬ȻֶɣҲȫҲҪöࡣ
Ц˵
iˮȻ˺⣬Ϊʲô˵Լֶˣ־ųɾҲһׯ԰ˮŪׯ԰ףӵдׯ԰̫ˣһ˵ǸݳƷǿ˵ʲô
˵Ļiˮû˵ŵȴǸЦȻֱӿˮŵһȴͻȻһڵϴ
ˮ֪ŵɵģˮֻĸоȻֱöԷʧǣʣµǵǻˡ
Щ;йϵһ˵꣬˵ʵǾֶ˵˾һʶûôֲʵûĻŵˡ
˵Ѿơ
˻عʱ򲻿˼ĿԼôڵϴ
ɫѿоаţȴǺܵȻˮ˵֪ҽǵôҪһֱַЩʳףĴӦҲ⴫Ҳʹá
Ŷ֪ʲôǮҵʳףˮˡ
ӡԥһ˵һΪһ֡
ŵҪ˵ʲôʱˮȴ˵ˣһͿƽӺɡһƽҪʳףҿ˵вв
ӣǮһ𘔣㻻Կá
ҧҧ˵
Ȼ֪֪ܶĶ
ԣֻһʳףǾͽףɾˡˮּۻ۵˵
Ļ𱬣ֻеһҲˣֵ̫ˣԼԿһʳǺܶҪѱǮ̻
ãҴӦ㣬ҾҪǸˮӵԼ䷽Ц˵
ԣǮҿԽ㣬ֳһΣⲻҪǮˮЦ˵
ŵЦˣ֪ˮҪܺӣЩҲãˮСʲôģҪϣˮƵϣûϺһľ¥Ҳûʲô
ϲ񣬿ӦȴˮɵƣȻֱóӵǮʮӣƱû⣬ͨãˮ²ⷢƱʵԿֲ
ˮˮӵʳ׸ˣ˼ֲϣǿˮƵϺһϿûʲô𣬲ڲǲɢ̫ǿҵζ
ʳ׺ֹܾݻܶ๤Ƿģƺ׼߾ʹųʦԣò˵Щʦղû̫𣬳Ҳ΢һ
˼ˣɵÿô㣬֪㣬ѵǮˡ
֮˴ʳ뿪ˡ
ܸգ׼ҴͰʳѲ϶ϣѲֿȲҪͼ˵Ҫһϲ
iˮԭһҲͦģǰ׳ձ㺦ˡ
ŵЦ˵
Ὺ¥֮ᷢڿ¥֮Ż֣ᷢˮЦʵһֵģֻʱ⡣
Ӧûܿͻ֣ᷢ׳ղһǲܿͻ֪
ŵЦ˵
Ϊʲô
iˮҲдˣһ
Ϊȥогɾ͸Уҳˮӣһԡų˵ֻǺóԣһֳɾ͸С
ŵ϶˵
ˮҲ޳ɣ
ȥ׼ʳţûж̲סԼʳ֮ǰҲͳһˮӣֹһ֮ǰǸõĳʦˡ
ϽȥӳԣǸʦȻҲ
ā~Ȼˣʦˣһζʮǧﻹ࣬һʼΪʦģռһŭ֮²ɱʦ
ͻȻ뵽ˮ뵽ǸŮˣȻͻȻˣǸԼһֱɵ˰ԼƭˣԼǴɵơ
ڶʱǸүٴˣֻһδٸſˮ˫ۼҪˣʲôʱԹôĿ˵ɵˣһҪָҪҪңҪЩʳ׶Ū֡
ڸᣬЩʳȻͷϴҿԷһȻһʧ硣
׳գǸ׳աŵ˵


2115 Լȡ
ˮɱһ˲ӿүˮڵʵɱҲǿɱ˵ģˮɲôɱ
ӿɱֱүȷһƨڵϣϲ԰ֽ£Ҫһɧζ˳үֱʧˡ
ˮүֻүˣߵȻûбˮɱԣʱҲǸоĸо˵ˮˡ
˵ɵôڵģΪʲô˶ûж֣ɵװʲô
ˮү񿴰׳һĿ
һڣҲǣô׬ǮôԼһ֪￴һ۶֪ǮȻע⣬ܺúôȻĵ
Լ֤ԼڼﲻܵģԼҪ̳м֮λڿһĻᶼûˣᱻ˰ɵӰ׳յĳƺһ
ЩڲҪģҪԼܴܲȥܲĴȥǿߣرַʽǴɣǶԷɱҲӦõģǾҲԣΪΪǶһǿߵ衣
֮ǰֻΪԷûбԼҲûа취ڼȻԷǿԼ֮ǰΪֱǰ׳ˣԼǰ׳շû£Լǰ׳գΪ˵Էǰ׳գҪԷ׳գ֪ɵӲŻ飬ŶԷ
ߵְˣԷȻŹԼֲһΪ
ҽһ·ͷȻԼȹ
ˮǰվţûκεͬ顣
µĺ֪㲻ȣô󣬺ܹĿ࣬ˮֵг˰
Լ֣Ҷֿǲܱ֤Ժܲվ
ˮ˵žҪ̧ȡ
Լ
ɷˮڵطһͷȻߵ˵ְ
ү
㣬ǲ
ɼˡ
һҧɵȴˣʼɲҽ֪̻ɳԸĿ࣬ҧɵȴˡ
ЩĿ죬ȥĸ죬·Ϊˮȵģǵһα¹Ҫ˵Ļˮϲ¹жлƽһ˿Թعĸ˹ˣҪ˱Ƶʲôľ¹ֻΪԼܵв¹ˮоԼˣⱲӹҲˣᡣ
ҲʱֹܽҲǺˣʱ˶ǰ׹򣬿ɻĹǰһţܹ֮裬Ҳǲһ̵Ĺ¡
ʱףʱѣûеһ죬ˮ޷һ˵ȫܵв֪򲻹
ˮ뵽Ĭˣ鲻ǾԵġ
ˮҲֵһᣬⱱʳǱǵǺܴģٱ̫ɹǿģҲһЩ̫ɹ磬ҲǲޣҪƴһսƣûʲôصĳ̫ɹʵ˭Ҳ׼Ŀܲ󣬵ҲСȻԷؾͲ֣ûرԭǲصģ˾Ͳ֮¡
ŵˮɫΪҵ顣
Ҳǵҵ飬ѾúۺˣǰڱĵطϾûʲôǿߣﲻͬķһ鷳ˣҲгУ˲֪ñͬʵһͻ֪Щ˾ϵǵĶһԸǡ
ˮͻȻʶһ⡣
ˮĻƺܶ˶ȡ֪ˣôϾͶ˲ٵĵˣȻܿˮǵͬǺ޲ˮ
ΪԼеҲñãοѾΪõˣȻ
ڵˮʵǿˣҲǺܵģϲ鷳㣬Ҳûкõİ취ھϣܶҵһЩݷĻԼʵȵ
ˮôһ˵ŵɫе仯ܿƽЦſˮõģн㻤㣬û۸㡣
ˮ䣬ĲɷŮˣķ·ҪˮŮˣ͸оѪҺȣ⻹ˮ㹻ȻͻΪˡ
ŵҲ֪ǿΪ˿ǰô̹ȻģкܶǰҲαװģܲȻ㲻עʱ˫۾ʮ㣬·޲ðǹ·
ôദСȴǺ̹ȻȻʱ΢΢ʧ̬оʵ


2116 ػΰʾԪ
ǽãػΰ󡣡
ˮͷ˵
ŵһӺˣɲĸӦˮҲǷֲһﵽǲڵ٩Լ̲סԼǰͦΣԼоͦα
ŵԹĵˮһۣһ۲֪ʲô˼ɫ΢죬һŮ񣬵ҲЩʱо¼żįŮǲܲ˵ġ
һŮһŮ˺˲ͬӾԸǿǿԶһƯŮ˵һ۾ͻŮ˴󲿷ûôǿҡ
ŵŮ˲ǲˣֻǲὫԼԼܰ϶ԷԸһ˹¶һԼȻҲᵽڻһδµŮӡ
ҲһԼˣ֪ԼϲʲôģΪ⼸ʮӣоԼϲˣڷֵʱ뷨̫ɡ
Եڸӵãһı׼Ȼоɡ
Ȼ룬ǶѾûڱ仯뷨ѾˣֻҪϲһֵģ֪Լϲ˾ѾŮˣܵϲģǾë粻ϲŮˣ߲˵
뵽ŵУͱǰСˣоӦñԼС㣬ڲ˵ϲĿǰߵһĸоһ˵˴Ů˲ֹһŮ
ڴ½ʲôɣΪһŮǱ뿼ǵģǿŮ˳Ǳһϲ˶ϵ֮ǰһֻӵһ
ҲУһȴǷ֣ǿŮ˲֣ΪԼϲ˲֣ܿôܿ
ԽǿԽ˽˻ŮˣرڸϣŮǿˣһŮ˱˻ǿҲǺܺãòʵ棬Լ˻ͣұŮˣ
ܵĴ󲿷ֶǿŮûзԵʸ񣬴½ǲҴС޸һŮļͥŮҾͺܵңûϺ͵λ
˵ˣʵ֣رߵʵҲʵһֱַʽ
ˮŵǰλΣѣôСѾͷ˼ˡ
ˮɫ΢죬ֱӿԼˣֻ֪ǲ֪ʲôһʼĺ͸йϵ
ŵɫȻִˮǰŵ֣˼ˣһСëӣСѾͷҪŵ㡣

֮Ҳû£ǸˮҲûзϣ֮ˡ
ɽǵӰڲϵչˮյĶҲԽԽ࣬ǾûݷԼ׵б֦ƲݵѾյˣҲʡˮܺƹˡ
ƲݻգȡĻȴǱ֮ǰһЩһƲݿԻһ֣ȴҪܻ֣ˮʱˣ뻹հɣϾҩݻƱĶ
һ˴ĶˮܸȤʾԪˮһֱչʽ𵤾ͲʾԪˣû뵽ˡ
ʾԪҪ٣Ҫģԭκһֱʼ޶пܳʾԪҲпܣ⼸еС
ʾԪûʲôãû˭չһûȥǲоԪǿˣֻǸо֣ҪҪΪûʲôá
ʾԪܸܲôõġ
ˮʵ
ǰǸˣʵҲ۷壬ܿ࣬Ҳرݻ֪ʲôġ
ҽŴһУСУһչ޵ʬ壬Ҳв˻ʼʱҲ֪ôʾԪռҲռʲôطû뵽ռ
Ц˵
ڳܺýӴҲһԵԻǺܼġ
ˮЦЦû뵽Ҳԣ⻹ǲͷ֪жʾԪ
ʮš
Ŵæ˵
ȫˣ֪Ҫʲô
ˮʲôּۻֻۣҪԷֿϴӦ
˵ҽʵͻƣ֪ɲҲͻơѣһġ
Ŵˮеü̾˵
ˮЦЦҲǲУҪյࡣ
ˮ˵
ŴѾ۷ˣͻƾˣȻ۷壬ԱȴǺѵģ֮ǰˮüǸо̫ܣͨŴϾȻܶѨʹˣΨһԪϵѨûͨǲܣˮȴǸоԣֻҪͨѨԶͻƣˮ˵Ǻ׵顣


2117 űԵĶ
Ŵ˵ԣܵ࣬߼˵ʲôҲ£ǼһûͻƵ֪ﲻʲôæֻҪһţҪʾԪҾһֱռ
ŴܼҪ֪ʺ֮ͨ˺ҲΣ𼶱ﶼϸ֣Ͼˮʵһ˽ӴǽӴҲ֪ŴôҲ뵽ˮǿߡ
ˮðѰԵĶܻǿӲĴŴѨ˳ȹһ£ȻԪŴССĹඥһ£ֱͻˡ
ʱ䲢Ҳûʲô̫ĶŴʵ֮ǰǿ˲֪ٱֱӹˮǰ˼ͷлȫ
ˮһ㶣ʵܸܵԷԼʦˣԼ𾳽ģʹˮû˼ͷ֮
ˮûж˵ʲôʵĺӣˮȻҲ׿ͷοˮϲӣһΣǸһ
Ŵܼ֪˵ʲôǰһЩʹлҲʵʵڵģ˵ʲô
ˣʱʲôĿңȥɣ
ˮŴЦ˵һ䣬ӻ֡
Ŵͷľһŵһ뿪
ˮһֱԼÿݸأԼĻκһЩҲݸء
е㲻ʵ˶Ǳ䣬ˮûһͬ˿ͬľ磬˵ڹˣҹ˹԰ˮĻֱ˱У񼶹
¸¥ҲǰѻԼǿĹҲҪΣҶƹ費ͬ¸¥ʵʵڵĻΣ֮߱ˮĻҲѷɫЩʱ䶼Ǻ˻ϣҲֵˣεʽˡ
ˮбȽֶܴҪһ֪ʲôĹȻҹ˹񼼣⻢ξ㲻񼼣ҲǴ˵İɡ
֪ô뵽ǸңȻҲһ壬αͲԶˣһԼʲôοԼҲ˭ܶ˵ġ
ˮ֪㲻飬³ͷǸɣ׷ҵΣҲֻϵùˮûôʵûаҵ£οˮһֱǻˣҪΪָĻȻ˵
Ŵߺˮûüȥʽ𵤣ʱһˣһˮֱӾ;ȵĿŶԷһŵˣܿʣûҹӸϢͺ׽ӽ˫ϣŸɾ£ͨ·ϴһ˵ʡ
һˣˮȵǣ˵ĺÿʲôУȵ˵ʵҪǿǿ⻹ˮһοһȵĳԼˡ
ָо˵һ·ӵϹǿɾԼһЩʲôģˮһֱͬоԵǰ棬ȴǿĶ֣ӵԼӦòֻ࣬Ҫ궼ǲࡣ
˿ˮƺҲһȣȻ˾ͿŶԷˮ˹ãŵ𣿡
ˮһֵĸоǵͷڣ˭𣿡
ҽбŵ¡
˿ˮЦ
ˮѾ֪̫ɹǱʼƿأˮѾ˵ˣΪ̫ˣֲôߵʵǴԲ顣
̫ɹ̫ɹŲȡĵλ̫ɹǧ겻Ĳţһ̫Ѿĳ뻯һһͷ·һ壬ϬĽ
ˮ̫ɹ
ʱŵ˳Ц˵
ŵ
˿ŵȣȴһְĽҲ̹Ȼ
˵ˣҲϲ㡣
ŵ˵
˵㣬ֻҪû֮ǰһֱ㣬ҵɻڳɻ飬ϲȨҲвϲҵȨ㲻ֹҵ˼롣
ŵ˵
ˮû뵽һˣˮȻȷƷԣĿǰⱱŵоϣҪƵĶ࣬ΪŮһֱ飬ûŮ˲֪һҲúܶŮ˸жһͿ
ˮǰһֱоԼûж֣ʵǸϵģһֱûһовģȴˣǸ黹ʵˡ
ȻˮҲ뽫ŵ뷿еĻôھˡ
ŵ̾ҳ㣬ʳһŮ˶㵱õˣҲ֪Ϊʲôûָо
֪еִûʲôȤ֪ô㿪ģҾһ񣬿ϲ㣬ǻ㡣
еʧ䣬ϵ˵
ʵŹأһҲıȻܴﵽʵˮԿ϶


2118 Լս
ˮһֺܶĸо֪ΪʲôĸоϲŵϲһƯŮʵ׵ģûеղܵľ
ȻԸСӵõŵһһֱ֣ڶ֪𵽵Ǹʲôˡ
ŵϲĻãûκֹҲûʸֹŵˣ籱˵ģϲŵɡ
ȻŵҲоܾɡ
ĻŵоȻһͣű˫ִϵ۾ҲеңôߵоģҴ󲿷˸оԱˮá
̫ɹݲ˵ˣĲţῡݣҪûŮˣֻϲԼһˣѹˮġ
ŵһ˿ĹΣ˵ŵҲԸ⿴ΪѵӣֻϲҸᣬԶ᲻ѡʲôϲԶ䣬㽫ҵӣʱҶиԵļͥǸԶ㣬Ժʲô飬ҶվߵģԶҪλá
ˮˣһ￴ʵ竵ӵܣ˵黰ôǿǿɫİңˮо޿ޣر黰ľϺȻʵ黰˸оĵġ
ŵͷûⷽĿǣԺԺ˵ɣԲҲһӶ˵ġ
㣬˵ҲΪ㲻Ȣһ˺ٿЩ
˵еļᶨȴ˸о𺳡
ˮǰеŮǵĶԻһջһĸоΪ籾ģھָо
ŵλǣ
ֱʱ򱱻ſˮʵ
ˮˣϻ￪á
ŵΪܵ
ã˵ʵܲԭˣҽб򣬺ܸʶ㡣
󷽵˵
ˮָоһԼŮˣǹ󣬱Լûʲô취ҪԼŮ˲Լġ
ãҽˮҲܸʶ㣬ʵҲܲ
ˮ˵ʱʵѾ۲һЩ˵ĲûȢޣŮ˲٣ΪʺգҾԪйȻ˵ʲôûʲô̫˺˵һ㣬ʵÿҹ˵ŮһŮȻԾûӣҲвٵŮˣٶŮҲġ
ˮԸܵŵȤܴ֮ǰ˵ĻҲûﲡ˵ŵû˵ΪŵŮɫˮȻ˵ʲôЩ´֪ŵҲ֪Լ˵еһ١
ǺǣʱĻǿԽþûдˣ̲סдһ
΢Ц˵
ˮﰵѾ˼̫ˣԼһ٣˻ͦʵģرĺ䣬Ͼϲдġ
һһҲд衣
ˮЦ
ղײգ֪ûпգԽ˵ҵ־Խսٻغϡ
΢Ц˵ɫûиоʲôͼ
ˣˮһ޺ı飬ǿټɫһֶصȻеͱˣиоƺ˼Ͼ֪ϲ䡣
ˮǸˣȻڿܲĶ֣һ˭˭ӮˮڵĹ΢ǷȱȴǿԽԷʵԼû̫вʵΡ
ԭΣˮ֪Լսݣ̫ɹĹϵӦòɱ֣οŵҲڣųʧ֡Լ˴˵Ŀܡ
ʲôһʶʹ򣬴ʲô򣬲򡣡
ŵˮԥʵһʼ;ֹˣˮڵʵҲ֪Ķ֣˭һһǿߣ˶ϣκεĶҲһУ̫ɹҲǰʮġ
̫ɹǿ󣬱Ҳ͵ܴ˶С
ˮĻ˴򱱻򣬹ƿܴܱ
Ȼŵ˵ˣǾͲˡ
ܼ򵥵һ仰⣬ȴ˭ˮǶŮ˱ġ
ʵʱȱҲǲģԿԼĲ㣬ŵ㣬ûµģֲǲ֪Ƥڣµġ
ˮЦЦ
һɫĿˮ仰ñоŵƺСӹϵǳȻҲŮ֪ŵûбȾָˮ⻰ǲ


2119 ˮֶ
ŵѩȻ֪֮һЩ飬Լֹһֹͻ˺ˮȻǺ⣬Ȼ޷ֹֻ˵Ҳ뿴˭ˡ
ݴ½սǰͬûе㵽Ϊֹ˵رǵεսԪʱ㵽ΪֹԪǲսŵ˵뿴˭ʵҲֻǸ˵
ˮͱȻͷдǿҵս⣬ϵս⣬ˮ˵룡
룡
ˮͱϿգܸߣǿģŵȻҲһЩͻֹ
óһѩ׵ĳ壬ѽһױȵĸоѽȫһ壬һָоһ־硣
ˮҴ⣬ԷʵԶԶˮˮΪķ򶼺˵ʵ˺ܶ࣬һƷˣˮ˲Ѿ״̬ȫļȥ
ˮһȫӵĶǷս⻷ս⻷һǿĹ⻷иλÿĳɵķ
⻷ӶˣһǸλãһҲʹãҿЩλת
ʱʹһԪһ˿ʹãӵҲޣһɵĵһһɵķһɵĹһɵٶȡ
ˮɼ˷ˮʯɣǸ֮ϲⵥһʯǿ󣬱˵߱һ߶һ㣬ѵı˶Ȼʹñ󷨡
һˮķһЩӶ֮ǰۻģˮڱ޵Լģ׼ȷ˵ˮķһٶʮķ׵ķ㣬ϾֱӸȫġ
ˮڴﵽʮҵķ⻹꣬һӽӡôķٴ˲٣εģӶٲоƺˡ
ˮó˻ƽսꪣһԼϣɵٶȺ͹ˮһʵҲ˲ɣˮоϵҲǱ֮ǰǿ˺ܶ࣬ԷҲвٵ
ˮһöԷˬġ
ˮͷְɣ
ˮͷһֱ̧ӷӸӡ
Ҫ֪ˮɽǻܼ治ٵ˺ġ
ӸӡĹֻˮı幥ȴǿöԷԼ˺ͣԷĹήֻͣǹˮʱ˺ή͡
ˮĹȻԱû˺
ʱ򱱻ӰһһޱȵĲӰӰӳ嵽ˮǰһ
һ
ˮ˫ֱͨó΢
ˮ֮յĶ˹ȥһһ˹ȥ
ˮ֪ԼͶԷĲ࣬ԷȻϱԼƺҪԼĴţӦñԼҪ粻ʱ䣬Լʲôʵ˺ܶ࣬ڼĸͳˣ⡣
һóˮֱӻ֮׷
֮ˮо˲٣ڵһԽͶԷɵٶȺ͹ǿԽͶԷһ״̬ˮѾǿֲٶȺʵļ˺ܶܶࡣ
ɫأû뵽ˮȻôǿǱĴˮ
̫ҷˮ
ٶȻֲܿˮȴǸоҲˣϾˮڿͨҲˣеĻƽսӦȥ
ԣ
ˮɵطסԷĹǿķȴˣҲĵˮж֮õ˼£̫֮С
һϬĽӰϬȴǾտÿһֻܾ̾Ѥ̳ˮϵĶܵˣ켣һԲȦһصԭ㡣
̫ľ裬һˮ
֣
ˮȻͻ

ɽʽ
ˮһʹɽʽΪˮֳһûܽ򶯵ģĹе޷Ʒ
ӹӡ
ˮһĴӰҲǵɣû˺ֻɽʽԷĵ˳ȥ
ڵʵˮķҲ͵ģȻǱˮ֮ǰģˮڵĹ޷Ʒ
ڵľɽҲУˮʹˡ
ɽиǿĶܻȻǾԵĶܻԵĶܻÿһζʹõģкСļʳ־Գ֣ҲÿʩչһľԶܻ
ˮļֶμɽʽ;ɽĶܻȻһñֻƣмܣ˵ֻܱ򣬱濴ǱûʵԵ˺
ˮЦˣгޣгɽ֪ɲԽնɱ


2120 ӣ
ˮȻɱûҳɽҲûгޣȥҲǸ취ʽҲǶóʹЧأοʽҪĶ࣬Ȼһֱƶˡ
ˮӹӡֻҪɽʽ;ɽڸĵǿƣҪǻɱ˹Ҳϡ
ˮкܶļĹʲôģҲΪˮϲĵĹʽΪĸǿǿ߿ǿ
Ѫĸоﱩޱȣ˺޲ֱһˣˣʱҲǺ侲˺ܲһ㣬ȻڵĹ˺ԼֻǸصĹȶеоԼƺе㺦Ǹˡ
µĹɽʽֹأȴĺҲֻжԷûз¿ԱҲֻˮ԰ɽʽʹõ쾡¡
ҲˮԸõʽȻд£õƣҪǶõƣˮڸоԼܸɵӦܡ

ͻȻһֻǿ޴޳ڱǰһֻ޴ĺӣ
ˮһ£ӦǺӣɣһֻڽ˿Ŵӣа״С׳ȴɢһһֱˮȥ
ٶˮɫˣʶһɽסֻ޴ĺӡ
ԣ
޴֮󣬾ɽɳȥ
ˮҴ⣬ʶһ޺ڤˡ
ʱǺٴˮȥˮһӣеѸٵʹóͬʱӦȥ
ֻǿĺҲǲҴ⣬ֺͻȻץסޣһһֱץţֻȴ
ˮǵһοڤѾΪһֻ޴ĺڷˣȻֱӽٵֻӡ
ˮһֻֽѣΣûüʲôĽѾ̵ˡ
û˵ٻޣΪ֣Ȼˣ˭ҳ˵˭Ѿ³ˡ
ֻӵʵֲܿǱˮһҲڤ޿ƥеģǿֲٶȿ죬Ҫ˫צޱһӾͿԽץ
ֱĿǡ
ˮ㿪Ľֱӽٻ˳
һֱó˿Ӳסˡ
Ȼмˮһֺͷӹӡ
ȻڵʵҲʮ£˿Ǻֲܿģˮй츳˿ļͺͷĲֱô˲ʧȥս
ûһȻһӣһܶ
ˮڶסˣˮҲǵһμȻ˲佫һԽıʵĴס޷ѣȻҪˮѣסԷѣƾӵٶȹҲôסˮоԵĽƷֻҪӲܵĻ
ͣԼޱƷ󣬾֪Լˣʹһ³ˮڣ֩סܼ򵥣ԼѲ˿ԼҲѡ
䣡
ɬ˵
˵ޱȼѣǸˣǽоһˣһһԼˣѰ·Ѿˣû뵽޸ˣһֱûκεսһС
ˮޣ˿ҲˣɫΣܲÿŵȴ΢Ц˹ܾʣˮû뵽Ķ࣬ѱʦ𣿡
ǣǳգһʦ
ˮ˵
ˮĻѪˮѱʦĻᱻ
Ҳʧ䣬ѧĶܹ֣һʼ㲻˽ңռȻ
ˮЦ˵
ҰˣҺܷķڷѧĶֱǿ˵ģҵʵȥһ룬ƤڣôĿʽĹϬ㣬ֱ˲Խսˡ
ҡҡͷɬ˵
ԭʵս˲Ϣ䣬֪Ĺѱʩչǿʽʤ˵
ô˵Ķ̫ˣǸСɽһĶȻԵסҵĹҲбģҶûлˣҵ̫񽣵ǿļʽûлʹá
Խ˵оԽơ
ڵʵǲ㣬ʹҹƾˡ
ˮ˵ʵ
ʶһ˵Ĺϵƺôһ㣬һϤ𻰾Ͷˣˮ˵ϵܣ˵ʵǲϲŵ
ŵһߵ˱һۣ˵ʲôأ˵Щ
ϲŮŮˣǻϲŮָС
УΪʲô
ʵ
ҵŮǺŵһǺ㣬ȴòһĸ飬ҺϲǣΪÿһҶԸػǣŮԽԽأܺһֱأԺΡ
ˮҡҡͷε˵
ǹ̥ҲǸ֡
һᱱ𻺻˵


2121 㲻Ǵ
ˮҡҡͷʱŵЦЦɫ
ȴִŵ˵ǲõģҲϲϲŵҪҲϲǾ͹ƽ
ˮű𣺡αأЩǿá
ĿˮôŵϲңŮ˲һϲܴġ
ˮЦˣһԽҲл쵰һ棬ˮΪǸһЩˣҲǸˣڿ˲Ǳ
ڲܴӦʲôԵɣ˵ܲˣǿ
ˮڻָо
˵Ҹǿȡģʱȡһٲڡ
Ȼ޳ˮ˵
ˮȻ֪ȡúܴģʱǾԵģˮ˵ĻижοҲǸΪоˮڲ֪ҪҪȥȡŵ
Ͼ棬ˮûŪǸŮˣϲҪһӶãѾܽһİһŮˣֻܽԼһδεĸÿһŮˡ
ˣ˵ЩˣߺȵȥȻҲʲôˣ˵ʵ㻹ҵһˡ
ʱǺѡ
ƺвˣ
ŵʱӵ
ħĶһǺܱ̬ȴǱҴһ࣬ȻҲᣬҵǸͻһأˮһˮǸҺħҲˮĶ֡
˵
ǺѵģҲֱܹʲô˵ʲôϲĨǣ˾˲ж֣ҲԳΪܺõѡ
ˮڲ֪ͱ㲻ѣųˣȻԷĳܸߣʵҲǿˮڿɲΪԼͱǿ֮սҲһһ룬Ϊ̫ɹĹϵ֮䵹Ҳһϵѡ
Ȱɣûеطٱˡ
ˮЦ˵
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ɵĿˮ
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ܸ֤ܲһ£Һܺ棬Ϊôǿʱѧҽ
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㲻Ǵˡ
ˮ˱֮˵
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ֱӱĳ֣
ŵĿˣܲ˵ġ
ԵȻû˵Ҳû˵һȻˮЩǳ֣
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ˮЦ˵
ڳĳձΪá
˵
ǰɣҲһֱԴΪҵŮ˶ΪĶ֮뿪֮ȻȤԶҪ޸ҡ
ˮп˵
ŵ㶵ĿˮȻ󱱻ֿԵĺܿĵŵܵģȻ¶һˮĻȻסпֵܻץסһŮ˵ģҪץסŮ˵θұΪ˷ӣ֪ѧϰգĻŵ
ŵڲ֪ô˵ˣȻ˵Цĳɷ־Ӷ࣬ҡҡͷ
ʵǶԵģ츳ϣҪѧϰչҲǸʦҪ츳ģҪҪϸ񡣡
ˮǺЦ
Цõ̫ɹȥѧգһ˵Ӱ
ھǸӣҲǸ׺ĳӣ治֪ͬмԴ㣬ұΪӮ㣬û뵽ܣˣֲֻҲҪϣ໥Ͽ˷
ˮⱱ˵ĻϵĻԷܣһϾܶܲˮĻˮԻᱻܣ֧ŲС
Ҳ֪˭˼ʵñƵǣԷ棬ԼҲ棬ǶԷܼԼҲˣȻ԰Լ濳һ룬ʲôȫƽ
ԺҪ䷹
ʱ˵
һһΣûС
ˮϵ˵ʵҲ֪һһζѣϾ̫æˡ
ãп̫ɹңȾơ
ã
ŵ֪СӶŮ˺Ҫѳסû˱Ҹ㣬һǻģϣһҪúõĿңϵܣѾôˣһûУͷְɡ
ੲݵ˵ˮû뵽ôһ档
ÿҪйһŮ㲻㣬һֱеһģȻûȢޣʵҲ࣬Ҷ겻֪ζˡ
Ҳǿˡ
ˣˮŵڿˮܲ⣺Ϊʲôôң
һֱΪʵңû뵽ȻصôȻ𶼱ˡ
ŵƺˮ͸һ
ˣ˵ҵʵ˻ܶ࣬ÿ
ˮЦЦ


2122 廢ں廢ɹйϵ
֪һܹȥˣˣȴһֱӣ۵ɻУһ˴ڣ³úܲҡҲһЩ鷳ǿģһЩԳݲ͵ǰѾˣԷȴҪҪܶ࣬Ȼֲô
ô׬ǮȻкܶΪУİĶܵ˻رĴĵõĻرһ㣬Ĳһ㣬ҲǴȡ
ˮѾϢˡ
һŵҵˮ˵
Ϣ
ˮһ㶡
ߺܵϢ
ŵ˵
ˮһ󼤶æ˵˵
廢Ǻ廢ɹйϵ廢ɹֱϵҲ廢ɹҿģԿ˵廢ھ廢ɹûйϵ
ŵ˵
ˮüеԺ
廢ɹƿؼĳԱ廢ڣڵ廢ɹƿѾˣ֮ǰǸˣ廢廢ɹķ֧ʵܲ廢ɹҲŲСĻȨ
ŵ͵
ˮüǸӲӣҪ̨յ˾Ҫ廢ɹڵ廢ɹħеĹϵ̫ɹҲκβħź廢ɹ
ŵ֪ˮ廢йڣڵ龰ϿԽģԥһ˵ô궼ˣϢӦøˣٵȵȡ
Ļˮ滺ͷȷʵǼĵ飬ˮ̨գԼʵˣڵȵȣϣҵʵĻᡣ
лл
ˮЦ˵һ䡣
һ
ŵˮҲɿˮ̲סȥ廢ɹ
Ůˡ
ռұǲǲ
ŵҲûĵĺˮһۡ
гԲˮϽܿĿ⣬ŮǰԻռ˻
ŵҲʵǺ󣬲û̫ǿԣһкʵûУӵ⣬³ɻΪ˸ͻЩ󣬵Ҳʱͬġ
ɻˣˣ
ˮɫⲻαװģŵˮ᲻ỹǸСС
һ뵽ŵǹŹֵĿˮȫ¶ɣȻô㲻ô󡭡
ˮһӴŵжˣǸƻзŭˣôôӻɣһ¾˷Ӧһ߸ߵ񣺡Ǹˡ
ŵˮŵɫˣС΢ţȻתʧˡ
ˮͷԼҲ侲֪֮ǰΪʲôˣŵԼʱ΢ŵ̴ڵĳԾȻģˮﲻɢȥ
ˮԼƽ˶ǰѾҪ̨ճǸĽᣬ廢ڸһңȻҪǼ˲ֻСබѡ
ˮû뵽̨յȻܺħųϹϵų̂յ飬ħҲֹսȥ̫ɹ廢ɹȻ⡣
ںˣӼᶨˮħŻ廢ɹľˣܺħŽһģȻҲʲô֮
ħԳʥţǽħŵĶ࣬Ϊħ֮ѪĴڣȻ¶ԣԵջ󣬱翴һŮˣ˾ҲΪ̫ࡣ
ħȴǲȻ̸ѭԼıģħźǶģ磬ħŵΪǴ治ħԣûйǲΪݵġ
˶̫࣬ˣħŵԺӴȣ̫СˣԾǺܶħŵʲôҲӰᷢչοᱻֹһЩοûħŵˣÿɱ¾ȶڷ
һᣬŵִ¥ˣɫѾˣˮŵеεģ˼˵ŵ㣬ҲǶҾ֤Һ
ȥ˭֤ȥ˭֤ȥʲô鰡
ŵ
֤ģ֤ǹֵֹģ֪ǽȫľͷˡ
ˮһȻ˵
ŵҭһ£˰
úã˵ˣˣԼʲôǰ
ˮ⡣
֪Ҳ⣬껨ĸ
ŵǺЦ
ˮһ㶣껨󲢲̫ǿţҲһˣ껨ӰܴһȫŮɵţʲôںɹںɹҲ
껨ȫŮ껨ڵɣԳɻ飬³ɻ֮ɻ껨ˣ껨ŽᣬЩŮкܶ඼Ǽ޸һһЩŵӣγһһĽṹвΪ֪ĵ̣ڱҲǺ̫ɹվһ̨׵
껨ҪӰ˭۴껨⣬֪˭ɱģִкܾã˵껨Ҳźܶƣˮ껨ܶ࣬ûнӴֻǲ֪껨ǰΪ£ԼѾ˵ֻƾ֢


2123 껨ݷ
뵽ˮ껨֪ǵʲô֢ԼӦǺ£ʶӦвСĺôɡ
һʱ껨á
ˮŮˣҲǾȣһǰʮһŮˣھȴǲô㣬ˮϿ֪ʢʱڡ
Ů˺ܶׯǸŮˣ㷢߸ѩ׵ĲӺ޳Өûһ覴ã˫ۺ峺е䣬ǵĴߺе̡
γһصΣֱ˫ȣˮûпʲô֢վʧŮ˽
ŵãҽ
Ů˵ǿ˵дԣĴԡ
ݼ㣡
ŵĵĺŮӵһ¡
ˮû뵽˾Ȼϵô죬Ҳͷã
ݼ㣬㷢ʲôˣƾ֢ġ
ŵǵ˵
ҲǾ֢ҽңŵϰһ°ɣ
ݼˮ˵
ˮֻоŮ˺ܻ˵ûѹˣǰŵˮоͷðɣ˵ɣô㣿
Ҫӡ
ˮԵŵҲһ㶣Ŀݼȣ
ݼ֪Լ˵ˣϽ˵˵Ҳӣ˺ܶҽʦҩʦûã˵ҽҽͨ죬ԡ
ˮɿͷҸѰ
ݼ¶һѩ׵ˮȥһüͷɿ
ôҽⱲӻĸ𣿡
ݼǵʵ
˵ɣȱһе磬ûС
ˮһ˵
ݼɫеףһĸ׵Ů˵ĴһӶԼĹ⣬۰Լĺӣܰһ󵶽һ˼ҸĸͶŮû˱һСһˣϷ֮ġ
ˮݼɫ˵ҲûпܣҪܴܺʹ࣬ҪʧһЩ
ˮĻݼϣĿˮҲ³Կ࣬ʲôҶʧ
ҿԸǽǽ㲹һξ磬ҪӱĵطضϣԻΪӰ죬ŻһҵʵҶԺͻƽչܻһЩӰ졣
ˮ˵
˵ʧһʵȫʧҲԸ⣬ֻҪܻϺӡ
ݼʱ˵
ˮ͹һŮĸ׵ľģˮ˵黹Ǻ˵һ°ɣһ¡
û⡣
ݼͷֱһȥˡ
ûж೤ʱ䣬ˮݼˣ˺ܳ죬ϵϢأΪҲ۷ʵȷʵһ˵ʣأܺÿ˸о
еϧݼ˵ˣûкǾͲҪ㹻ˡ
ȢȴϣӼҵͶˡ
ݼ˵
ÿ첻֪˶ϵ𣬼Ȼ鵽һˣԺҪˣܡ
ųЦ⡣
ˮǶˣŮҪ壬ݼĶׯŮҲҪ˶ǻ
ҽ˵ƣǿԼĺˡ
ݼĵ˵
ˮٴν˵һ飬˿ݼ֪޷ֹֻܴӦˣ̫˽ݼˣΪ˿ӣһУԼȡӵֻһ֮֡
ٳ̣ǲõĻ䣬ǲ貹
ˮܿͿʼˣˮһսĻ磬õ붼˳
Ľȡ߽ǺʹģȻˮֹˣȫֹۣݼһֱҧ֡
һʱʱ䣬һʱʱ䣬ˣʱˮҲǳĳ˿
ݼ΢еҪָ죬ǸǿߣָͨҪ˺ܶࡣ
ҽôл㡣
ݼ΢Цſˮ
ȺӳлҲ١
ˮ
ҿſСպ͸ɣ˺ӣл㡣
ݼݸˮݷ
ˮܼҪ֪ȱľ
ˮڿݷԿԵεˣеѾöˡ
ˣҪλĹˡ
ˮ˵
һżеõģҪҿ԰һ£ⶫǺÿûʲôá
ݼ˵
ǾͶлˡ
Ժʲôõŵֱŵ֪ͨһ£ֻҪһɡ
ݼĵ˵
ݼǸ뿪ˣˮеݷرĿģݷһ۱֪᲻һ
ˮںڴڵݷˮõĶ


2124 ޽
ˮһû뵽ݼݷҪ֪ⶫˮ˵ģҲĿǰõģɽΣôʵͿֱ
Ȼ˱𣬿Ҳ֪ԼֻǸǸȦУʵǵ׵ģϾЩҪʩչûлʩչĻԼֻбɱķݡ
ݷѾˮŽ˾۱УƷ֮ɽ
ˬ껨ݼ˵Լݷ˺֮󻹻лԼˮѾˣ֮ǰݷѾԵֵˣʱݷĻˮҲƴǣҲöԷԿ
ǸСƺã
ŵˮʵ
ţرãҵһҪ
ˮٵ˵Ҳˡ
Ҹһ£ǰһһǾƯԲˡ
ŵ˵
԰ѣԸӦܸȤĶʲôפյˡ
ˮ˵
ģҳû⣬ڵĻллҡ
ŵ΢ЦſˮԽԽоأòҽҲ̫ˣҩҲ죬гա
׻ʲô֪һ˺治ʲô£Щ֪Ҳûа취ʣֹĵĺ档
ôлҪ͸ɣ
ˮ˵
ðҪ𡣡
ŵƵ˵
ˮҲЦû뵽ŵҲ˵Ļ
ˮҵõһϢûȤ
ŵͻȻ˵ϣ
ʲôϢ˫۷Ĺâ
ˮЦʵ
ƹһֻޣûȤ
ŵҲ˵ףȻˮʡ
Ŷޣʲôޣ
ˮȤҪ֪޾Ǳ޽ģԶԱȻȤرＫ亱ˣȻҪȥ
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ŵ۾Ź˵
ʲôʲôã
ˮûʲô棬ȻˮڳѾῴͣЩҲǲôá
úܼ򵥣ɽһȼеĻϣ츳ʶһȼٲʵһ
ŵ˵
һˮҲȤˣֶˣԼ޿ǶҪޣڤﻹС裬ЩҪͼģһҲǺֲܿˣο츳޵ĺžԵá
Ǽ󲻴
ˮʵ
ʵϱˣеʵⶫⶫֻʵµЧ˵˾ǲĵرһֺܺõҩģֵʱһ㶼ֻᳬֻСһͷţʵߣⶫأץǺףҪõ˱Ƚ϶࣬ʱʲôġ
ŵ򵥵˵һ¡
ˮһţ޵ʵǲôǿԱǺǿ
ˮڶȤܴһһȥŪֻԼʵʱֻֻҲվסš
ȥ˵׼ʱǵġ
ˮĵ˵
һֻҾˣҵСһֻ
ŵ۾гһǣˮŮ˵Ȼ庮ҷҪǿ
庮ҷȻǾ֮壬һ˫һۣĹȴȻģŵһʾȻĺ֮壬ĸȻĹˮԿǿͨͼá
ңʲôʱ
ˮʵ
ڰɣ쿴˽棬ڶϡ
ŵ˵ҲļˣΪȥ˽ȵˣǿɾˡ
Ѿ죬ˮʱ̶ڣźţȻˮпյʱ֪ͨźŵǰϱϾƵľ֢Ҳһ㲻Ǻæ
ʰһ£һͺŵһ뿪ˡ
ƹﴦڱͱ֮䣬һǰȥˮҲҪСģϾɲֻб˻ȥб򣬳֮⻻᲻ط˾Ͳ
ϱıʳǿĳǳأ̫ɹǿģ˱ʳǻкܶǳأûʲôǿ߿ֲĴڿ˵׼ϾÿǿԸȥʳǵġ
СҰʱʱ򣬻ƽս˵ܰȥ֪ڱʳǣľû˵
ƽս仰ֻǸˮΪһս񣬲۸ڶܸоܵģǿģǺ̫ɹϵܺã̫ɹĴڻеġ
Ϣ˳ȥ뷨һܶ࣬¼ųɾŵˣϾʵĺ٣ܶ˶Ҫĵرҩϡ


2125 ǺɽĽ
ˮ뵽˱Ǹӣ֪ʲôʵȷǳʵҲ֪ʲô֣˿ķŴ棬ޱȣȴŽѵһ
ˮŵֱʹþУ˺ƹڵɽҲϴսСӵĵطÿ춼кܶˡ
ߴɽ壬ϡľ׺ţϵٺïܣȻĵ̺Ͽе䣬ʱѾˣܶ˶Ϣʱ˳ͽȥ
ˮŵûֱͣӽȥЩ˶ֶǲȥƹȵģȽΣգЩ˴󲿷ʵƹȵĻΣա
ƹȾﻹԶϾɽ
ˮСĵ㣬֮ǰħŵˡ
ŵˮ
ˮһ£뵽֮ǰǸˣʱû̫⣬ֻоԷʵǿˮʶȥÿ˵ģϾǲòģ鷳һûʲôȥʶȥ۲ˡ
ӦǸħŵˡ
ˮͷǽĿǽ档
ãϣǽõ㣬ŪһֻҾˡ
˵ŪһֻҪҪ
ˮЦ˵
ǿԲȭ˭
ŵ·뵽õİ취һЦ˵
ˮһͷǸð취

ƹȣ
ˮǵһοƹȣĿǺɫƶ䣬һɽȶǱĺͮͮģоܲʱ˷оϰߡ
ƹȵĴʲôĶǺͱĵطûʲôֻǱеĺӳĵɫһֺɫ΢һ㣬ֲʲôɫġ
ΨкƲǺɫģˮѾյһЩ֪ƲΪеĺԭΪǺɫģˮҲûֻ롣
ɽȺܴ󣬼ϲٵɽʯԾҲô׿տĵطˮΧʵɽ崣żɹ͵ݡ
ôȥҽ棿
ˮΧһ޼ʵĴɽѰţһС棬ȴҲˡ
˵ɣǲңҲңһ㼴ʹŽϲǺƹеĺûв´Ӧö
ŵƹ˵
Ŷȥɣĸ󲻴󣿡
ˮ˵
󣬺ܴ󣬵֪ˡ
ŵЦŴͷǰ
ˮųޣⶫô˵ҲѰޣҵʲô
һӺͻȻһ޴ĺǰһֻ޴ޡ
Ǻɽ
ֻǺɽԴзݴС޴Ӵ׳զ࣬ףͷһ޴Ľˮ״ϸʮ׶೤
ȫڣһ˫ɭ۾ʱľȻǺĽ˵Ǻɽæͽǻӽ֣ʵֲܿϬޱȣ綾
ŵǺܵģǺɽǿ󣬵ˮŵ˵ûʲôв
ˮŶԷôŵסԼȥ·ֱһץȥҲ˹ȥ
˲䣬ǷݴСԴֱõˣŰĲˣԸǺɽǺ׵ģˮ߹ȥǾ޴ĽǣǺɽصĶˣǻĽǻҪ
ûеʱ䣬ٴǰ۵ֱӽ֮ǰѾ˺
һ޼ʵˮˣϡ඼Ǻɫģɫģ·ǹ̵һ㣬ʱѾ֧ܶ񣬺ҲвٵӰ󣬱ϾûʲôʵһԺܶ˶һƵϣˣֱס
˵⻬ģǵȥҲỬԱΣţС˲伷ѹСָϸһлأʯˮǲɡ
һЩ֪סҲûá
ץץסʵǿҲûãԵʽҲûãⶫͼκʶʶţʲôߣֱӹᱻץϼѣΪҲǻɫģҲǿӿݣǵͻһ飬ǽǰҲһ֣մһǿԱɸ״
Ǿûа취ˣǶڵµٶȺֲܿϵͨڵҲ׼档
ŵˮһ԰ĵط˵
ͨϵĿྫͨˮϵһд󣬲αˮҪѺܶ࣬һľͨУڵˮûѧڵ´еϵ
ˮϵֻͨϵʹãر
֪Ժɲд󣬵ĿǰֻˮУڻҲԣҲ뿪Ĵ裬ˮˮ֮д


2126 ץħħ
޿رܣʲô󣬵ʵɵʵһϾжˣοˡŵĿմﵽ׵Ч𣿡
ˮ˵
ԣܶ඼ץסɱģϾһСľͻʧԴ˶ռбȽϰȫһģҪǽľԪȻҲкܴãҪǾԪ
ŵˮͣʲôܣܶ˶֪
ãã޵ĺˮҲ֪ȥ档
ŵǺƽˮЦ𼱣ģЩܵȣҲܵȣڵ²ܳһʱҲ˵ÿһʱ涼һΣʱһ̣ܶһҲһյʱ䡣
ˮɿǿԵģһյʱ䲻ˣЩһεĵطֻ¶һͷ治׷֡
ˮԼĹ˵˳
ŵЦٽƻĺҲõ֣оЩһ˲ȫεĳڵϣ׶೤һֻˮţ࣬Ҳôһʱ䣬ȻͿԻΣȥУ¸ճҲȥһյʱͲһʱԾһȥһ㲻һỹó
˵һطһʱһʱûжͻطȫҪ
ˮоԼɸо̫ãһˣкֵĻץסϣܴģҪΧ£ӵĿɺܴ
һղųһʧˣ
Զһ
˺һΣܶ˶ȥˣˮŵҪҪȥ
ȥɣ˵׼´óǰ
ŵν˵
ЩǺɺ棬ûߣˮоԶйĲֱӳһִ˹ȥպðͷȻˮʹˡ
ˣӦ֮ǰһֻϾ벻ԶʧֲǶôֵ飬ȻˮֱӽֻɫĴץ
ѣʧЧ
κιˮоеĻ壬ץסһȥͻʧӵﶼУʯͷʲôĶһֱʧ
鼱֮ˮѸٳ˻¯ֱӽ˽ȥɾ
ɾǸĶһĿռ䶫ֻܷûϢĶϢĶᱻų⣬ŲȥˮɲҾôķŽɾɾҲأɾʧԼҲûа취
뵽¯¯ֻйԹԵһǵȺˮľ
ŵҲǾȵĿˮô򵥵ĸ㵽һֻ
ҲˣһСľץˡ
ˮһ̽֡
㣬һСģˣᱻġ
ŵЦ˵Ҳܿġ
ˣĻǡ
ʱһԶ֪ʲôʱվһ۵ˡ
ˮ˵ʱϳ˾ǸˣҲħŵˡ
Ŷ˭ץĶΪʲôҪ
ˮĿǸЦ
һ˫ۣرĴ󣬺ֲܿ˿źܲˮҲϳ˶ԷݣӦ˵ˮ֪˶Էʲôħߡ
ħ
˵ˬ۾棬ǿһ˫ۣöԷٶȽͣԿƶԷúܶ࣬Ҳܴ󣬵˫֮ҲҪʵΪʵЧҲʹۿˡ
ŵüͷɲǱ򣬾ȻħŵħҲ֪ħŻû˱ħʵҲԼǿ
ǿ˵׼˭֪ˣħŻ᲻Ϊģ
ˮЦ˵
֪Ļ治٣ҸյҿǣȻᷢʲôԼܱ֤
˿ĵ˵һ˫۶ŵ޲ýŵȥ
ˮŵк鵽Ѿû˱İ취ˣΧΧ˺ܶˣڶڿ֣ϾҸѾˡ
ڽҿԷһһصɱ㣬ɱ֮ǰһᵱҸŮ档
йĹâ˸
ˮڿô֣ȴֱӶˣӽӡ
֮׷
ˮһԵʹóǺħͻȻˮһˮоԼֱ·ĸоˣое㽩ӲָоԽԽǿҡ
һ
ˮȥ֮˺ܶ࣬ʱħжһѰɫ̽Ȼ̽Ҳ߳𣬶ˮԸܵ淢ıĺ⣬ܷԵķΪˮܵص̫ˡ


2127 ɽ֮
ˮɫһӰ΢΢һ΢ɲĶȻ͸оֱһһѪ
ˮʩչ˲䣬ԷҲ˷ӦҲķӦӲһǴ̵ˮؿλãˮյĶ㿪ˣһʱҲӰˡ
ŵˮֱѪֱҪ֣ˮסŵûˣ
ˮڲ֪ŵΣһǿһ±ģˮ׿ǶһǷڱŵҲǿܶ࣬ԷʵֲܿǰҲаţ汻࣬û׵ĻˮоᱻɵĶԴ
˸оأܲʵҲ½˺ܶ࣬Ȼоɱûʲôѹ
ˮʱˣֱг޻ʱԷҲгԼޣֻһģֻ
δžʮңͨ⣬񱪣ǿԴȴǲ۲۵ͷǿͿֲٶȣʵڰҡ
ˮоһһֱס˵ĸоһֱֻϬĽˮоޱȵļ֣ŵʱҲǵ
Ψһˮƽһ޿ӵѪͳʵ
ǿһ㶼ѪȻǿ޲ǶѪԺӵѪҲģԶһЩһ㶼УϲǺܶࡣ
ܶǿҲһЩµ֡ЩǽҲ䣬еõĵرһ֣һγҪʱ䣬һиҪʱ䡣
󷨣ֱӼȥ
ʱ涯ˣˮâһֱӾǷӹӡһϬĹγ֡
ɽ
ѾɽѸһֱӽֻӴ͸ˡ
ɽԱСڽӵʱֱӽֻӳűˡ
׼ħ۾Ȼ𣬻һ£ʱˮɽˮǰֻһֻڳ鴤Ľʬ壬ʬ廹𣬹ƶǲǳֻþ̫ˣ˷˼
ˮҲû뵽ɽȻƳķɽٶȿһˮԽϣҪǾȥﵽʮ֮ǲǿɱħɱħˡ
ʱѾʼһ˿ʣµֻȥ
ٶȺܿ죬Ųˮħ֪ǲɱԷˮ̫ݾߣôͺħŪݵľ档
ˮòҪɱƽڴˣã˵ڱħеʽ΢
ŵ˵
ˮͷɽźˣħҲɱ㣬òҪǰٳ֣˵㰮ŲŵĻɱɱ
ħǳ˳飬ֻһˣǵһα˱ɼ
ŵ߰ɣȥĵط
ˮҲǸħֱȥ
ŵˮߣʱĿˮһﵽ׻жܣǰѷɽʲô۵Ľѵﵽˣ
˵ʲô˵ɣﻵˡ
ˮͷҲص˵֪ڵŵһкܶʡ
ﵽˡ
ŵԾʵ
ˮ֪ڵľ磬ܴﵽĲٷ֮һҾǴﵽˣҲкܶ룬Ҳһµɱﵡ
Ǵﵽһ֮ڵԪԼıʶݹ޼᲻ݣٶҲӣ޼᲻ݣΨ첻ƣǴһӷԴﵽ߿һ˶ԿͬʵĶ֣һͻᱻɱ
һ㣬߶رĴһ㶼ǵɱﵣѣһȻһɱȻͽģһһһѴ߶ɼʹﵽҲܲסġ
֮ǰˮʹһΣԭǿʹһεΣȻˮʹüΣʱˮرעģĳܵĵ𣬹ʮû⣬Ԫͬʵ˺ܶ౶ļٵ˲ʮ֮һңԾЩˣӵͨҲʹøΣ֮Ԫͼˡ
еֻʹһΡ
ǿһܲסģϹȻҲһЩģˮһȻҲУֻܲ˵
ûУҵʵԪģԼҲ֪Լ㲻
ˮЦ˵
ʵˮ֪Լǿ̫ˣԼǲ۲۵ڣžԿԽЩ۵˦ʮ֡
ҵľϲ̫ˣ㻹ʲôҸоƺʲôᣬûпѵõġ
ŵŹֵ˵


2128 ٱ䣬ƹ
ţʵһоܽɱ
ˮҡҡͷɲΪԼ޵УһˣףУеǿܴܲ׵ֵļޡ
ôǿߣڲ֪ǺͱӲӲҲ
ŵЦ
Ҷ̫ɹҲ˽һЩ̫񽣺ֲܿһαչسһᾫڽǰһﵽ޽Ļսֱһֹ
ˮͱս龰˵
ܿľ磬ɼͱߡ
Ҳ;΢һˡ
ˮҲǿΪˮͱ࣬΢ŵ㲻硣
һ·ϵҲϲˣѰҽ棬ˮƣôĵطһγҲֻֻ߰ôץôǰ֡
˵ôˣץҪ̫ˣЩ˶ģС
ˮΧҡҡͷǺףϾкܶһֵġ
㲻˰ɣ
ŵΧЦˡ
ǲ
Խ£ץĿܾԽһЩǿ߿֪˭ץˣȻͨ;ãɱڣ򣬱罻Щ˵õˣ϶һԼĿǰõĶԺܶҲ֣һǸץ˽棬õ˶Ǹ˷ֵô
ŵǺЦ
ˮ뵽֮ǰǸħ֣ƻֺôȻʱˮΧûˣֻȴǴһȺģ˵ǸЩ˷ֵôġ
֮ǰսЩҲûȥˮֺôˣһŭ˶ԷôûеõԼȱ첲Ⱦ͸ÿˡ
ʱĻط֪Ѿ˺ҹˣµգһѩ׵ĹâͰûȣɺǰһЩ΢ĵҪĶ࣬οѩ׵ĹΣ
¹µ˸ˮڸоŵһһ㣬һѪ׵Ĺɴȹ¹ԽԵòʥ࣬Ǹì壬ĵ˫ȴһ˿Ե䣬ĽϲһÿʩչȻѾȻˡ
ˮ֮ǰõһֻѾоĺˣһֱûҵˮҲûиоʧ䣬Ǹоãץֻе㲻ʵ
ץˣץˡ
ʱԶˮŵãĿȻֱȥ
ֻһƹҪˣɣ
һݻվ˵
ˮŵѾվΧ˲Ѿ˺ܶˣץһˣĺ׳һûʲôص㣬ʱһֵĴӣͱװ档
ˮǶЩ棬һʲôǸסġ
ٱ䣡
ˮʱһ㶣ż
ɴСžı仯СҲͬԵõеıƳɣԶʱűӡ
״̬δ
ˮˣﰡⶫлкöӱ뵽֣ûʲôʵҲ֪ʲôƹʲôڣԼҪҪõ棬Ҫõٱ䡣
ƽԿ
ˮŵ˽ȥЦ˵
СӣһƹҪˣòҪ⣬ȻʱǵͲˡ
ݻһУĿ⿴ˮеɱΡ
λ磬ĴתĻ翼ǣұ֤⡣
ˮҲǸʲôƹӵ˵
˾֮ǰõһֱˣǰħŵħˡ
ͻȻһ
ǣҪôûкô
ǰôǰ˵磬תָ㡣
ǣǡ
һʱȻޱȣˮЦЦôȻеģֻҪתָңٲǵĺô˫ݣһ⣬ҿԼ֤
ˮһ˵Χ˶ļˣȻĵô֪һλʲôôԼٷܶʮҲпܡ
תָ˭ҲУûʲôã뻻õĶ
ڳܵˣһˣû£ʱҲ£ϾЩ˿ǻպԼǵġ
ҪˣһƹҪĶûеòģǣҲ⣬Ҫʲô˵
ƹݻ˴˵
ƹģǱĻǱģôû˵
ˮ뻹û뵽ƹĴڡ
ǻģҪˣͱǿʵҲҪǻƹӡ
̧ͷԺ˵


2129 ջ񣬱βʦͽ
ǻģҪˣͱǿʵҲҪǻƹӡ̧ͷԺ˵
ˮǳ˱֮뱱ģͱǲŵ򣬱ڶ棬棬мȺɽڱĶ򣬴ǻ𱱻ͱǿôһ㣬岻ʵӦǲ࣬ͱԼûʲôӴ
ŵ˵
ˣԭ
ˮЦ˵
ŵҲ֪˵ʲôˣʱϾﶼǱˣռϷ磬ǾԵñͱ̫ˡ
ˮ䲻̲ĻõģϾǱͱĽ磬ûռϷ̫ûˣ˻ȴûˣҲᱳԺ粽С
ˮĻǸƹɫһ䣬֪Ҫ⣬˵ʲôʱǸȴֱӽٱӸˮ㣬ǣʲôǮʲôǿŸɣ
֪ⶫǸֵɽ֪Ͳץס㿴ΧȻûץסҲûʲô鷳ȴǻԳҪô
ˮû뵽ͷֱӽٱ䶪ɾɿֱó˲ٶΧЩҪôˣǸԼõҽʦ򱱻ʳǵãû뵽ܶ˾Ȼ֪ôĳҪˣҪһҽεĻᡣ
ˮͷһЩСӣһҲ˲СıǮЩˡ
ˮȴǺǸ˻ŵ뿪
ҲˣЩһῴҲ˳ۣ֪ץˣһ鷳
˸˲
ѧҽȤ𣿡
ˮЦʵ
ѧҽҶҽȤǴûѧ
˲Ŀˮ
ȤͺãҲ֪һЩ鷳Ҳµģ֪ﻹʲôˣŲᵽã
ȻСеطģŵģˮģһиСҵġ
ҸĸˣиֵѾɼֿˣڶһˡ
˵ƺе֮
ˮЦˣ˵ҿ㿵ȢӣԺԳΪһޱ𾴵ҽ
һʱս壬һֱûȢޣȻΪߣҲ۷ʵҲˣһǼҲᣬ檳Ⱥһͨ˵˶磬ԸǸͨȫˡ
Ϊ˵ܵһңĲţûκοֿԣвٵŮ˶ǣȱǮҲһǿߣᣬԼԼڻиŮ˵ʮˣڵš
Ŀ𣿡嶼ڲ
һ֪ˣҸطϢᣬȻκãڱ˵Ҫκ죬ؾƱ˲ƵˮǺЦ
ŵΧζƺҲҽ棬ˮкһ뿪
һƧĵطˮҸһ£˾ˮ˵ֵٴζ˸оʱᶼˡ
ˣԼץԼĶû֪·ǸǸǳϣճһһ
ȴĸܵǶһ˹ȥѾ̧ͷĶᶼˣж᲻ᵯоһֵġ
ôѧΡ
ˮЦʵ
лʦȫ
ֱӹ¿ͷʦͽ֮
ˮͷȻ̤ʵе۸ģˮΪͽַʽлҪʣƺʺѧҽǰûѧҲҪѧҽʲôʱҲ
ˮ˵Ҳ˵ֻܿ϶ʶҩݱȽУˮѧҽ뷨
ȻҲһЩرĳɷ֡
ŵе㲻ĿˮͽܣǺܿĵĹϲ˫׹ϲ˭Լ֪ͽܰˮΪʦ׬ˡ
ʦ㻹Ҫ𣿡
Ծʵ
ˮյͽܽԾ
ţҪҪ
ˮЦ˵
ʵ֪и취ץ֮ǰֻʵǸӡ
Ծ˵
ˮϲޱȣʲôӣ
ϲľڣļʻ
Ծ˵óһľСݸˮ
ˮӹһɵ̴ζ
ľһ棬ľкܴļʿġ
Ծ˵
ãȥ
ˮʱҲе㼤ܰĽ㵽֣ôԼʵֿӺܶ࣬ⱱ𵽴Σգʵ
ƹ֮ǰȻûг֣ǸҲǸҳŻƹĴΪԼĲʲô鷳Ҳϱ飬棬Դּܷҡ
Իƹ鲻õģǸӦòϱԻƹӦһʱʱԼ鷳


2130 Ч
ľȻʲô̫ĶҲǺҵĶֶ٣ûʲôãһľԾôһ飬ȥҲʮ¿ҵһ顣
ˮѾֻˣҲǾ޴ջˣҪǸٱ䣬ˮȻԾΪͽܣᲹԿˮٱ䣬ϾⶫԾкܳʱˣûԵ֡
Ҳ֪ǲľԭٴץһֻ棬λƫƧҲû˿˵⼸Ҳץֻħץһֻ廢Ҳץһֻ
ˮҲûħŵˣˮȻˣ˿ѾҵֻҲħҲ鲻ϽģñĲʽȻҲҪ˫Ը⡣
ˮȻϽڵˮ˵ǱݷһĶڵѾǿˣһʵ󶼼ڳˮǿһޡ
Ȼмûгʲô⣬ˮҲץֻ棬ҲջˣΪ˲⣬ˮֱӴŵԾصá
мˮѾֻɱˣԪȡ˳һصñݸŵһ㣬١
ˣðɡ
ŵ˵
ˣҪѾռˣ֪ҪˣóʱҪ֡
ˮӲˡ
ŵĵĿеĴƿеľԪʱõĺôõĻҪࡣ
ˣˣúϢһ°ɣһԵ㶫
ˮ˵óһЩҽŶвҩĶ
ԾʱãһҪЩס
ˮЦ˵
ʦһŬɵġ
ˮͷطֱӽɾ
Щˮľ۱еݷѿˣˮһȥȲֱʹˣɽľˣһֱ
֮ǰһݷһˮ⣬֮ǰӦǰÿҪһݷ˾弶ӦöҪݷһҲҪĻǾͿˡ
Ѿˮˡ
ǽɽ弶üгԱܵ˺һɣս
ɵĻָٶȣʮйʮзʮĶ˺ٶܵʮ˺ټܵ˺ٷ塣
ˮЩЦˣһ˵ӯеɽҲˣֻ񷴶ˮоӵϬˣѩ׵ĽıͼȴѷɽԵô
ˮʵҲһЩ
ˮĹĸӴﵽ˶ʮ׺͵޵´ﵽʮԸ񵲵Ĺ
Լһǰٷʮ˺ʮķٶܵʮ˺ˮվŲκιѾٰʮҵķ
ɽĹҲһЩﵽһٶʮĹ
弶磬֪Ժ˸߾֮Լʵǿˮ֪ѳΪԼǿԼޡ
һ뵽Щˮó˾Ԫֱʹһţ飬ǿʣµһţˮԥС衢޻ڤ
ڤСʵ࣬࣬Ŀ겻£Ǹɱ¾Ȼѵ֣Ҳǹƽģˮо޾һʵҲû̫˼
ˮڤʹžԪ
ѾΪһӼһĶԽԽ˿ڲϼӺϵҲǲϵȣڤȼڵĵһ
ˮȴǾȵһıһɫĺЩǧһڻȴûһ˿ڻļ
һ졭
ˮΪһʱ䣬û뵽ɾһξʱ䣬ˮҲûʲôôĿԼֻ޵ı仯
ž
һˮ۾һڽˣȳûڱ󣬵ϵȴʵ֮ǰһ࣬ŸӲӵƺһЩӼʵһЩ
ͨȥ־Ȼʵ
ͷ룡
ʵһʮ
Ԫͷ츳սõʵٱġ
壺ÿԼκβλΡ

ܣͷķǿ
ףսͷٱļ̡Լ˿ļ̡ճԼԡһٱĹͳ־ģ
˿þͷʵʮԡӲ˿ճԡʮ
ˮˣʵڻյӰµʵڿľ޵ȫʵԳʱӵ֮⣬ıԶϵġ
ʮʵʱͺܿˣһ࣬˿ʵڵԵĿֲںǸִ˿䣬Ϊֲɱ֡


2131 
ʱڤǾ޴ڵϵĻȻ˱֮ǰȻҽķֱɾƻһЩ˵ע⡣ڤûд仯ī壬ָںᣬܺÿ޴ͷ­ϵĻʹһĶһ࣬һֵѹ
ˣ
ˮ־סˣڤȻں˵Уˮ֪ڤں˵ԣȻںˣʵӾԱһںҪǿĶࡣ
ˣѪȣٷְʮ
ʵһٶʮ
ڤ죬սģõٱʵʹκս͹Ķٰٷְʮ

Ķûʲô仯΢һ㣬Щں˱˵һɱٴζһǿ
𽻼ӣõ˵Ĺһ˺бں˾޴ƻ
ˮһ㶣û뵽пƵںϾȻôǿıһ¹ֱӴﵽ˿ֲʮƻĿǰˮ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
˱˺Ǻǿ˺⣬ˮĸ裬ڱ˵ĿҲǿվסˣǿˮ붼ˬ
ϧ̫ˣˮں޲öŪֻڶŪֻС޶ͻһҲá
ĿǰչˣһʱʱҲûҵͻƵĵر治ʺ
ֻ֪ˣֶںƹȰһΣ´γֽˣǺܶӵǧԪҲǲ̵ʱ䡣
ˮʱſǸٱ䣬Ȼֱ
Ǻܼ򵥣ҲܹŹ֣ҪξѪյʱٱϵһԪС
˰ʱɹˣֻʬ廹һ߷ţڵİٱ䵹ǿˣɹˮٿʱӱˡ
֮ǰҲһ㣬ȴǽӲӵɢһɻ֮
ٱ䣡
Զűõӣӡ⿪ӡһ㡣
ŽٱĶû壬ʱγԭһƷʵĶܻᷢ仯ԷŽȥĶҪء
һӡ򿪣ԵõʵʮţǱܵʮţɳʮţݷʮ
ˮĿǸݷʮ
ʮݷֱˮɵˣɵˣҲû뵽ȻݷһǶʮָоҩɾĶһڤڤ֮еɺϣԼôá
ˮܼرļǿĶʯһţʯһţٶȷʯһţָʯһţʯһţʯһţԷʯһţܷʯһš
Щûˣˮܾȣû뵽ٱĵһӡ⿪ȻõôĺöֻЩʯʲôã
ЩʯɢĴˮ֪ʲôʣȴǷּӲԻٻСָֻǴ󣬺ܾ¡
ͨȥȻٴһ㶡
ʯ߼֮ǶӶӦʵ
ˮ۾һȽǶʮݷŵ˾۱Уٱ˽⿪ķӡԵõһЩ֮⣬ǰһЩûõıﶪȥʱûпܱɱĶԶûֻеһûʱƷӣڶε֮ƷʾͲڷ仯
ˮǺϲٱģˮɾвٵĶЩռҲռ˲٣ܶ಻Ķʲôģûãںˣӽȥ
֮ˮſЩʵǱܵɳ֪ܿЩãʵÿһſٷ֮һʣ޺඼ʹãûƣųһֱա
ǱܵǱܣֱʵҲǰٷ֮һûƣֱ岻գһԭǿӰٷ֮һʵһʵһžһʵ
ɳ츳ģǿһһ˳Ϊţûٷ֮һ츳ɳˮһͨ˳ΪŲ֪Ҫٵĳɳ
ЩҩȴʮˮûʹãоǲԼƳЩҩƳǾͺˣЩҩҲ˵ˣϾҲ˵ˣһֱʹãֱ޷Ϊֹ
˰ԼҲûпʲôһͳɾ
ʱȥûжãˮ׼дˣܷʢԷȻˮĶ¥滹ҪӪҵȻƽʱûʲôˣǻԤԼһľͰЩԵˣʣ´󲿷ʱ䶼ʱ䡣
ԾûϢϴһһֱڿҽ飬֪һεҪһһνһתۣץסԺ󽫻Ϊˡ
ԷʱߺܲԾҲˣŵоΪʦĸԺ𾴣ŵ󣬵û⣬ʵ˵ȻŮ˺òҲ⣬ҲΪʲôפյһЩʵĵҩҪԭ


2132 ˼˵ŵ
극ԾٴȥҽˣûжͣʲôҲˮһ˵ʱʡ
Сôˣ
ˮЦʵ֪֮ǰŵҲûϢһþβǾԪġ
ܺã⾫ԪĺôĲҵСҲǾ߱˹ˣҵĺܶ๦Ҳʹˡ
ŵĵ˵֮ǰһЩɱûáСʵ˾޴
֮壬Ǻ֮ЩСܴĹͣˮĵ޸ˮһСŵҲ
һܵʱ䣬βѾźŲˣ׼ҽ
ӵǺƽβȲŮ죬ˮоڵ⣬Ծ츳㲻ˮĶµĿ꣬ʱˮỨʱǿйһЩҽѧ
Ծÿ󲿷ʱ䶼ҪˮĶڶۣȫ͸žͿԣȵʵʱͻˡ
ҽ߳˲ףڵˮҲһһϦͿԵģˮϣˮ޸ĵּ򵥵ŵһһǿһҽʦߵĸԶҪҩˡ
ҩ棬ͬ䷽ǲͬҩƷ֮ͬܳʧ֮ǧҪˣˮҪľһ꣬ʣµĻҪԼ츳ˡ
Щˮ˰˼ʣ°˼ʣݷżҪ˸ݷ
ˮΪ۱ԭҪݷԭһ룬Ҫĸݷ߼Ҫ˸ݷ˼ҪʮݷˮֻҪһ룬ҲʮĸݷٱˮʮݷϧȻֱż硣
ˮڵɽһµ
ӡǶʯ
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ˮ˿ŷʯȫŽȥ֮ѷɽһ͵ĹΣͬʱˮҲоƺһʵ˵ĸо
Ȳˮڵɽ
ǽɽ˼üгԱܵ˺һɣս
˳ɵĻָٶȣʮйʮзʮĶ˺ٶܵʮ˺ټܵ˺ٷ֮ˡ
ӡѾǶʯ
ӡӰٷ֮Ӱٷ֮Ӱٷָ֮Ӱٷ֮Ӱٷ֮ٶӰٷ֮Ӱٷ֮Ӱٷ֮
ٷ֮ӣȻ࣬ʤޣԺӵĶһЩѾܲˣοûӡǰЩϬѾ㹻ˡ
ֻˮܵ˺ٷʮˣϽͶʮ˺ڿԸ񵲵ʮһĹ֮ٷֶʮֵȫʵ
ˮž͸оޱȵˬѾʮһĹһʮķԺʮĶ˺Ķ⣩ͻ֣ܶԼɴ˵Ҫʵǿֲġ
ɽҲﵽһʮĹھɽѾʹˣȻеǷȱǸŶܻǺĹײҲᱻײˡ
ʱ䣬ˮʵҲѸٵˮĿǰٶȻǺģⶼ޵ҲǺģҪ֪ļ˺ԼҲ档
ݷˮں޲Ūٸֱʮ˼ģʱԼֱӿѹ廢ɹˣȥ̨ĽᣬʱԼͿȢˡ
뵽̨ˮһů޵ŮȻ˸ı䣬ΪԼ˸ı䣬ɻо¶оĹ¶Ľûд򿪣ԼһʱʱҲԷſĻ
⿪ĽᣬŻܵɣŻעΧһУעϱĴڣʱԼһУʱŻĿ
֪ˮоеȲˣ֪ĿǰУǿԼ侲ŵ˵ģô궼ˣٶȼҲࡣ
ƽٴι˼֮һˮһ̧ͷһѪŵˮǰȻһ仰û˵ֱӻ赹ˡ
ˮһžǷŭΪŵϵǵƣɫҰףˮֱ¥һŴ󻹵ֱιȥ⿪·ʱȻûʲôͣοϺö˿ﻹ飬ΪˮܵŵѸٵʧ
Сŵ߿ĿˮˮŵܻҲСĹ͡


2133 Ұˡ
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촽ܸɣˮҲǷˣһˮһ֮Ȫ
ΪţˮֻСιȥ
տʼŵеִԼȣԼˣֻܿЦŽˮչˡ
ⱭˮܺúȣϾ֮Ȫˮ±ӣٹһͿ԰ˣҪϢͺˡ
ŵͷ
һʱ֮ˮŵñӸסԼ˵ˮҪȥϴϴ
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ЩˮĲ²⣬Ϊŵϵ˿ڣˮоԷһоܴŵˣŸоԷˣʵӦñŵ
ŵʵȻռ˺ܴıǲܲȻǿҲ㹻ˣһͬʵǰ
ûһŵһ·ˣɫܰףҲһ˿Ȼ󣬴ʱǶһ䣬ˮĸоȷʵˣˮľȻˡ
Ȼ󲢲ѹ˲ǿ̱ðͱȫѾ͸ˣֱӵȻֻµȵģﵽһ磬һһ仰һɫһ򵥵񶼿öԷʧǡ
ллҵûˡ
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ˮŵˬ۾ͣĵ¾ӨΣ֪ǿ»һŮ˵ģܵίûչ˻Զˣиչʱͻʧء
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ˮˣ״ˣ֪Ϊʲô˺Ľ˳ȻԼĲ벻ͬʵܽӽˣ飬Ů˶ҲʧȥԻɱ
ˮӣ˵ںǸƹΪǵõ˽棬ͻģԾ˵ںƹȿһŮˣͰ˵ĺƯǸƹĶүͳˣһʼǹأҪ׷ңҲӦû뵽ȻǿҾͰˣȻɱҡ
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ŵ˵꣬һѾͷúˣ鲻õģ˭˭۸ǶǸصĴۡ
ƽս˽ŵڵҲǺۣЩˣٶᣬڻƽսжǺ󱲡
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ŵ˵˵Ż
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ƽսǺЦ
ǻƹȣǾȡȻҪŵɱ֣ˣҲ塣
ˮƽսԼֵ֪ûô򵥣Ȼɴٵһѻˡ


2134 ƹԼսսĿ
ˮĻƽսһ㶣ȻЦˣСӣãҪƣƹ˳ˣһΣ˫ˣԸ˵ҪӦԷ
ˮüһΣ˶ˣˮ΢ɿãԼս𵽾޴ãʵӮ̸𣿡
Էˣ˱ŵǣ䡣
ƽս˵
ŵ΢΢һ뵽Լ˶ԷУ³֪ң浽ʱѡ
ǲ֪Ӯʲô
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ˮѾ֪ˣ֮ûдӦΪûбʤİգƽսûôˮֻ֪Ǳ棬ʵ˻֪ܶѹء
ŵȻҲ֪Żƽս˵Ҷȥǡ
Ѿͷ˵ʲôأͷӾǲҪϹͷҲ۸ҲˣҲûа취ˡ
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ϲμӵĻһӮҪҸ֤¡
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Сӣˣ֤һ¡
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ˮЦˣͷֱһӽӡͷӸӡս⻷Ըѵһ󷨡
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ˮҲǵ֪ⱩĺôΪһսǸ˻ƽս񣬲ֹˣˮǰ˹̱ԪİһЩҩ²ֱûƽսõʵҲȹǿˡ
ˮĺףлƽսڣܰȵĴᾡûƽսվţվĸҲߡ
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үӣֻ֮ΪսҾһֱλϣڣҷģҲȹ̣һˣҪô
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үӣɱƲ壬ʵôҵҲˣûϣɲУǿҲǿ
ˮ֪е˼ɣϾûܺͻƽսȣƽսˣľΣˡ
ƽսͷİɣҲûлһ뿴Դߵһء
⿪ĽĻƽս뿪ˣĵ뿪ˣһǰǵõ˾޴ջ񣬸ĵϣˣǾԵϣöãͿ۷磬ᱻһЩһˡ


2135 ˣǻǺֵ
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ˮվʾⱱȥһ徻ĵط


2136 ҷ磬һɹ
ˮֱӴűʹþеһƫƧĵطһų֮İ
ˮǵһοһеİô죬һԽŰʲôĳԽԽ࣬ҲԵģŵ޸ȽǿһҲࡣ
ǱȻ޸ɥʧ˺ܶ࣬ŵ°ʲôѸٶѻֻͻˣǿϸܶסЩʱ䰵ƻҲӡ
ʵɲôţˮŽʲôĺ棬ûپܾϾʣµԪҲ࣬ˮҲҪûкĶԾˡ
ˮٶȺܿ죬һĲϣͬʱԪת֮ȻЩסʱ䣬еĻԽԽǿҲһı˼С
ˮĽ˺ܶԽЩƻҲɢˣˮڱĺһʱЩѾһճҺΡ
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ŵҲе㲻⣬оеˮɫ֮ƽ΢΢۾ƽĹػ

һʱȥˣƹԼսѾˣҲˣԷӮŵӮˣƹ˲ڽ뱱
˫Ӧˣս壬Ըսûʲô飬ʵ֮սϾԵʴȾǶԼĲ̣ҲԼһͻԼĶɥ
صڱͻ֮ı꣬һǺܸߵɽһǱ꣬мشȴкܶ౱˺ͻ档
ûж̨ȴŹ֤ˣ̫ɹԼɹ
һн䣬ɽϺֻ֣̫ɹһɹԼƹڣкܶˣԿħź廢ɹ˳֡
ˮһμ̫ɹĹҲǱүүһǿߵˣ˫޵İ׷£һϮذ׵ӣ޳ӣֱͦı۽ǵβ
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һɹǸˣһӣͷģĺϲ죬ͮͮľ˿ǴݻƶΪһлӡ
ҷ磬УҪ˵ãɲܲƽ
˺ٺЦ
ˮʱſϲһִĺõҲˣʵǸѪȣǲű˵ʬġ


2137 ͻƹ
ҷҲǱүүڵ̫ɹƽĿźˣұҷȻƽ˲ƽǲֵġǾͺã֪̫ɹϵܺãԼսǹƽģһս֮ӮԴΪ¡
˺ǺЦ
˫ˡ
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ž˺ͻƹˡ
ˮˣƽսͷǰɽսĴսգվ֣ˮʱҲоϲУս岻ģ˸оһһΪ˺Ƣرţǿǿ
ս̩ս񣬻սǸ꺺ӣвһѽɫĴ󵶣֣ҲǿԴﵽεĲȱٵһذɡ
սһпͷģһСһһѾ޴Ĵӣ鴸ⴸӺܲˮõĴӻãˮˣҲǿˣˮоڵʵĻȻⱱվסţȴҪǻƽսڣȻڵסڡ
սӺȻʵȴ޷սҲˣսΪҲû˼ɽսǿԣܸоȱ˵ʲô
ˮоŵϣԼˮڲǣҲ̸˵ģڲÿЩƽսڣ˼ڣһаá
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ɽսԸǸƹĻ𳾣һʱҲԷֳʤǸ𳾲ʱĻᱻɽս˦ȥɽսҲᱻԷƵǱˡ
ʣµΧžս򣬾սˮ۾һͷһѴӿ׾ִ׾ɵĸоǣסˣʱǻᱻܿҪǿķȻϲϵĳһЩ˿ڣȥҲǶʱԷֳʤġ
˿ͻƵˮպͻƹĴϾƽսͻƹҲǲ£ʱô÷ֳʤģȴǳ˺ܶúܶ˲ŵ顣
ΪֳܷܿʤΪպˮ˲ͻȻһԸƽս
ڻƽս񼸺ѹŻƹĹ򣬱ʵ࣬ȴǷֻƽսݶʤһ
ƹﾪޱȣһսʹ˹ʱĵҩʱҩЧ죬սʱʵѹ˺ܶ࣬ҲӦúϼһﲻµġ
ƽսѹŴ̻˾ȵģȵǻƹĴϲû󱲣ھȻԷˣˮʱó֡ӹӡɽҲʱĳֶܻˮɽʽ
ˮȶԼҲòƹĴϣˮоѾŭˣҲڻֲˮоһ˿
տˣ
ˮϽþɽѸȥ


2138 Ŀسʤ
Ȼ֪ô£ѸٺˣʱһӰգˮľɽסˣԷȴǱײˣˣɽǿײˮͽҲײˡ
ʱˮԷȻһֱޣˮֱһȻѸг޺
ˮֻ֪ʲôޣ׳֫Сͼһٶȿû˵Ҫޱȣӳªޱȣ޴֫֫׳̣ܶе󣬲ȴǺܴʮ׳ˮ״֡
ʧЧˣˮУªļһŽճȥ
ˮɫһ䣬˫̽Ȼôƴ
ԣ
꣡
վȻ˫۶ϣ嵹ɳȥˮɽٴεˮֱʹѪ١
ѪٲǸޣǽסˣѪٲԹһʹá
֮һ
ˮĹֻϡ
ªļһʱŰ˫˶ĵС۾ˮˮʱſһһ߳СǣǰޱȣʱҲˮ˹
ˮ˴еɱ⻹һ˿⣬ֻ޺ֲܿʵǿܶ࣬ɱﵣ޾ǶԸƽսҲвˣϾһߺܶྫ๥Ƥڣʵǿ󣬴ϵʵ˺
ԣ
ʱƽսѾն˻̵ıˣƽս˻̵ļֱ۰Ƿϵˡ
һն˶Էıǻƽսƽսǻƽսꪣǻƽʥ
ֻ˵̵̫ˣʵƽսѹƣһƽսķ̫ǿˣȻ֮ǰ˶ԷȻû̫˺
ƽսڵĹһ㣬Ͼһķٽܵ˺ϷӸӡܵʵ˺ٴμ٣ҲһЩĶˮһȥһ룬˵ʵҪǿһ㣬ˮĻ֮֮󣬹ϵĶʣʲôˡ
ڵĻƽսʵѹԴһʼ̾жֿ֮ûл֮һνסײٴκˣû뵽ˣ޷ֵ
æܿҪһ۰ûˡ
ʱƽսĽٴ˹ٶҲûκƣæܣõı۰Ҳˡ
һ˿ôҲû뵽䣬սҲ䣬ߵĹޣӮһսȴˡ
һڰû
ԣ
ˮװϣûгֽ⣬ˮһѪˣرأȷʵˣˣҪ֪ˮڵķֲܿˣӸӡˮܵ˺ټķ֮һ
֮ǰˮķﵽ˳֮˶Էɵ
ԣˮоˣƺԷûܵʲôӰ죬ߡ
ֲãˮˣ֮ǰַӹӡûá
ʲô֮ƺã׷ҲʧЧˣҪ֪׷ǱУϺٿԲӰġ
ȥɣ
ͻȻˮеĴˮʺǴӱ棬ٶȺܿ죬һɫĹΡ
ˮ֪Էʹĳط
ˮһڶԷӴԼʺʱˮ־һ˶Էʺʱó࣬Ƕһ˵޴ĶֱӲ崩˴ϵԴ
һ⽫ˮ׵ĽˣþûгˣÿһʹöĵΪֻҪһʧ飬ˮСֱ군ˡ
ʱһ˿ֱӲסޣƺ˿ҲǺܼɵſ˿ҧȥ
֨
ܴҲҧʮ¾ȻҧˣȻķԼڳһһıһܶ
ƽսҪȢˮģû뵽ԷĴ϶ˮɱˡ
ˮѪ٣ղŵ˳ƽսʣµˣԷȴ䣬ȻǺ䣬ùļһһһȡ
һսúܶ˶ţʵ̫ˡ
ƺһҲ֣ƽĿǰһС
ƺһҲ֡
ɫȻ˱ҷС
үүҾ֪СӻҾϲܹŹֵġ
˵
죿
ѷЦ
аɣҵġ
˵İκõġ
ҷʱųԾĿű
Ծүү֪ҵ
Ȼ֪ûа취Ҳ֪֪֪Ծû㣬һΪϡͿء
ҷɫܼ
Ǹҽҽ
˵۹⿴ʱվƺɢһεĽһһƺܸߴ


2139 ǻ
ҷһĹ⣬һ˿ˣЦ˵˸ѡ
ҲЦ⣬Ҫ֪ү˵Ĳ׻ǸˣҲûеõõĿ佱
ҷ˳ȥɫͺѿ
ҷ翴ɫƺˣЦ˵ͷĽɣ
ƨҷû뵽̫ɹ˸İ֡
ߵ˵
һλƹȻԪˣǺܻһսҲ룬ôȻǾ޴ģȻ͵ҲҪһЩġ
ˮȴûһǸֵޣĺܳرԴԽԽǷ·Ǹͷ۾СĿԺԣΨһۣռ˰Դ
Ӵ󲿷־ͿޱȣٶȺܿ죬ˮͨ˹ȥȻʹˡ
аٷֶʮĻ޵Ѫ
⼸֣ܼ򵥣ȴǺ𺳣Ȼޣسʼ֮ǰ˵ǻ磬޾˵γ֮ǰʹˡ
Щڴ½Ĵ˵û뵽ªļһȻл֮һѪѪֻϡˣ֮һҲһٽˣ֮һͻ½Ǳ֮һѪҪ½ʮ
⵹Ǹöˮֱӽסļһӽɾסˡ
֮ǰǻƹĲ̤뱱һ
ƹһɹ˻ˣƽսں棬ˮͷոǿĵˮЦ˰Ͻһ
磬ǻ飬ΣգҲҵġ
ˮЦЦ⺩Ĵ󺺵ĸоܺá
ҷͱԼһЩ̫ɹ˹
֣ϲԽԽǿˡ
ҷ翪ĵŻƽսЦ
ϵܣǻȥһ
ƽսĵ˵
ûˮ˽ˮڵʵǲôƽս´ȥһЩ˶ˮº֡
ʱҲߵˮǰļЦɱƹĴϣصĹġ
ҲҵˣԼҲ֪
ˮЦЦ
ɽս񡢾ս񡢽սлսȻ֪ˮһЩҲǿסˣҲɿģǵļңƽսǵĸһϾô꣬ǵʵҲǻƽսָġ
һ;ͬս񣬵ָ㻹ǿģ˵һϯʤʮ飬Ҳǣһ򵥵ָͿʡȥʮĿȻҲỨ޴Ĵʦˡ
˵޵ģǰЩ̿ʲôĶǶٴ˻ģֻҪѧϰЩʲôľͿˣԼȥ̽оֱʵϾܶһоôһ㶫
Ҳˣеһôоһ˻ֻҪһؾͿԣʱһоġ
صһ⻬ɽϯҷͱԼ̫ɹ˶ڣ̫ɹĹϵһֱֵһ߶ҲƵ
ˮҸ£̫ɹҷ硣
ƽսЦˮܱҷ硣
СӼүӡ
ˮΪҪġ
ˮʵڸоⱱҷȻоǻϢˮɲ⡣
ã֣պضдŹâ
ҷЦſ˵
ϵܾ֪˵ʵܴӮȫˡ
ƽսԥһ»˵һûˣļλҲͱҷͱ
⵹ǳҵˣĪСʵ
ҷЦ˵
ҷͻƽսҲǽУ˫ʵȻǲȫ֪Ҳ֪ţ֮ǰҷȴǷֻƽսʵǿܶܶ࣬һоǻƽսһֱز¶ƽսĻƺͨˡ

ƽսǺЦ
ҷˣϾĹܶ࣬ҲͨԽǿ֮ԽӣԵ˺ھǼߣŪЩҩʦĵҩһЩʵڡ
ʵҵڶֻ㱡
ƽսЦ
Ѿ̷֪澳ʱڿȫʵһƺʵûôôࣿ
ҷɻ˵
иʵ֮ʵһ롣
ˮ˵
ҷȻˣûʣѾ֪ˮһô򵥣ΪԷʵӵˡ
ˮҪллôʱˣķ°
ҷ˵
ƽսҲǲ⣬ҷ˵Ҷˡ
ˮ˵ɣҪʲôлл㣬ҪֻҪܸģԥһ¡
ҷ⻰ĳġ
үӣҺҲǺܺõѣְûʲô꣬˸ģԼҪͲԼˡ
ˮҡҡͷ˵


2140 ʼҵľ콿
ҷˮĻҲûм֣ѾˮĻһЩʵҪľ̫ɹ֮Ĺϵѣѣˡ
Ҳû˵ʲôǿŻƽսЦ֣ˮˣ½ǵ¡
ƽսҲ̾ǿģǰǰһֱϣǲϲϡ
ˮ֪гɻ飿
ҷʵ
ˮһ㶣ЦˣүӣѾмˡ
ˮȻû˵ʲôѾ֪޷ˮҪŮҲҪи飬Ȼͻܷˡ
ǰ⣬Լ飬ˣҲȢˣмҲɷ檣иСŮĸ񲻿ϼˣͷҳ
ҷ翴ˮ˵
ԼүүĻҲһ顣
ˮǸ񺹣ϵСŮϼҲҰϵСŮˡ
ˮεĿűҷ磺Ҫд󵱻Ů󵱼ޣ̫ˣһʱûʵˡ
ˮʹ˵
ǰ㻹˵̫ˣϧӣŮ̫ˣû˸Ȣ˵ڵʵ治Űġ
ҷ̾
ˮҲ֣ϾǱҷŮСŮӦҲС˰ɣŰԼҲ
СñҴʮꡣ
Ц
һʼˮҷ˵СŮʱǳ˳飬Ȼ֪ΪʲôоǱƺرɵСùá
ˮɻĿűҷ磬̫ɹе㲻Ȼ˵СӣʲôŮұʼҵ飬ΨһŮ
ˮ񺹣ŮΨһŮǻǱʼҵ顣
ˮŮҲ޸㣬Ҳ˵Ҳģϣ棬ڶѣֵƣҵСŮҲûʲôɡ
ҷԣ֪һЩѣǲ
ˮҷѻ˵ˣԵͷûʲôֻԵòء
ŮƯģٲǸѾͷֻʵ̫ǿŮ̫ʵ̫ǿ˲ҵˣ֪ġ
ҷε˵
ˮȻ֪Ů̫̫ǿ󣬵ʱ˾ͱˣе檣һǿ֮ұŮ˾ˣԳˮǿŮˣвұŮˣŮ̫ˡ
˵Ҳû˵ˣû˵ʲôϸڣǺܿĵĳԷȾơ
ҷ̫ɹ뿪ˣûҲ뿪ˣˮдŵصá
֮ǰŵʵˮİΣսǰͽ͵
ˮŵС÷ȥ
ڵŵܺãӮˣûκʧҲñȥˣҲ֪ˮſӮȻҲԼȥһ᲻İԼȥ
ܿ뵽˹ƾˣ䣬飬ӦҲԼġ
ôЩ𣿡
ˮŵʵ
ûˣһҲûˡ
ŵЦ˵
Ѿָˣ˵һҲûˡ
֪̫ɹĹСŮ𣿡
ˮͻȻ뵽˱ҷ֮ǰ˵ģ̫ɹ߶֪ŵ֪֪ˡ
˵Ǳ󰡣̫ɹһŮ
ŵȵ˵
ôôȣŮ˺ܳ𣿡
ˮʵ
ǱĽһĴڣڽϾǱҷ綼ޱȣ˵еһѽѾﵽͨ񾳽硣
ŵˮ˵
ͨˮˣͨˮ֪ģ磬֮Ѿҵľ磬ھȫԽˮһΣ̨ףһףСһף㲻͸һ޷̧ŲˣССһ̨׾ɽһ㣬ʵ̨дСһ׾һɽһ㣬֮ͨϵ
ﵽͬˣˮ֪Լ˻֮֮⣬ʲôԶӰ죬ԺһܽԼ͸׵һҲֻǱˮнﵽʵȻҲ͡
û˵
ˮֱӵ˵
Ҳǣƾ֪Ů˵ĲеŮ񣬿û˸׷ļ˶ԱԲλ࣬Ҳ֪ǸطˣϺǿо𱱻ҪԽܶ࣬һдܣһζһУ˺ᣬԴԼ֮ӣΪˣΪ͸ŮˣƵĲѪɱ
ŵ˵߿ˮ˵˵ôͻȻ˵Сˣþû߶ˣ˵һֱ̫ɹĽĸ


2141 
ôͻȻ˵Сˣþû߶ˣ˵һֱ̫ɹĽĸ
ˮεЦЦүҺ档
Ȼû˵ŵȻ֪ʲô˼ˮĻŹֵĿˮҲ֪ô¸оеֵֹģȴЦҪȢλҲϱոˡ
Ҳϲ
ˮ˵
ɣȻ㣬ܸоʺ㡣
ŵ˵
Ŷǲʺҡ
ˮЦˡ
ȥ˵ģǸСʱͻо̫ˣô˵أŮǰҶĸо
ŵЦ
ףŵô̾Ů˿Ӧˡ
ˮҲо֣Ҫ֪ŵŮеŮˣ֮壬òʲôĲ˵һеһŮȴһŮ޲ڣԼоԼԷˮ뿴Ҫװ˵Ů˵ʲôӡ
ˣȰ㻹ǲҪ⣬һСĹⱲӶŮɫˡ
ŵǺЦ
ˮӲˣŵеκ
˵ɣҼΣ־Ůˣ˵ȢⱲֶǣ
ŵˮ˵
ˮеˣԽĺˣ˵Ů˺ĺܴʵ治ŮģֻҪȤˣȻġ
˻صãһɣֶźŵҽε˶ѡ
ԾһֱڣЩҲÿ춼ڷҽѧ֪ʶˮֻҪˮžͻʻ۵⣬ͬʱҩݣҩ
ʺҽʦˮûб̫ϣΪ˱ȻҲᾡľٻΪԲһҽΪһҲܳΪһš
ˮѾͽܣҲ͸ıˣƣԺƿһûˡ
ԾѧϰģһŲЩȥϤĸо
ˮݸԾһ룬涼ˮǰŪģڶʹý룬ֻܽͽˡ
ɾ
ˮȥ󿴵Ǳ˿ƵĻҲǹԵģ˵Ժӣܶ޶Ѫģû뵽ζ
ˮڿɱļһⶫֲܿҲֻԽסˮôãΪˮⶫȻֻܱѱһΣûа취ѱˡ
ˮоܿϧԶĻ¯ʱɫһϲа취ˡ
֮ǰʬѾˮˣܶණժź׼ҩģƤⶼˮĥɷ
ˮ׼¯
֣һ־ǵһģĳһھԪĶȻʹãмʵõʵҲڶپͲ˫ʵйϵܻûãҲܻᱬ塣
ڶ־ǽͬ޷Žȥ˭ŵ޵һЩʵյӶõһֻǿޣҲȫµޣҲޡ
ˮ˼죬Ǿʹõһ֣һȻпᣬϾûѱûи飬Ի֡
ڶˮое̣ϾⱳŻˣ۵ģϾЩ޿ǸŲʱգˮһϴ磬һӣƽʱɾҲȾƳ⣬ȻҲڤﻹ
ˮһξõһְ취ȻѵõĽᾧѾܾûвμսˣʵˣȻĴ󺺲ԹƽʱҲܿ̿ࡣ
ˮλȻʵڵĺӡ
·֪Լһϵķ̶Сڶ׺ݵĿˮѪҧ˿ǱĲţֻܵűˮ⡣
ˮһ׺ݵֱӽ˻¯С
ƵĹ̺ܿʱҲ̣ˮϵƻ¯л𣬻¯ϵͼڴʱɢׯϵĹΣһʥĸоҲһ
ҲΪǱ˿ŵģĲңֻǿµĽʱһһĹȥԽԽСֱû
죬ʱ䣬ˮѾ֪ͣѾˣҲûмŴ򿪣ۼ˵ֱӳЩ˯ʱ
֮ˬȻŴ򿪻¯Ȼʹˡ
¯һ򿪣һСӰˮˮ۾𣬲һƴȥԷֱӱסļһ
һ߳ȴߵΧȫӲӵģ۾Ҳǽɫġ
һֻ
һֱѰ񣬿ֲͬСһﳤһɫĶǣܴ׳Сǣ״ݺܿɰֻ׳СצӣˮôС
¯۾һƵĽᾧӤͷССʲô
ˮֱͨȥ
аٷʮĻѪͳ׶ڣ
꣬ˮˡ


2142 ȫµĻͻ
ˮ״ˣʲôԼɾԪʧˣʲôһѪ޴ﵽ˰ٷʮ֮ǰĻѪһ롣
ûгˮԲļһϻһµʵɫС۾ƺЦһ΢΢״۾ܵˮš
ԣСţĽų죬ûһëһֻȴǲôӲּĸо
ܿˮЦˣûа취ǲģⶫǺǿģŵã޷ѱɾԪϣԼ޵õٷֶʮĻѪͳµòȫõеİٷʮҲãϾԪʵѪͳһЩ츳ǿԵġ
СѪǲϧ׶ڣ̫Сˣֻܵڳǿ󣬿ǿ֮⣬ûʲôģҪ˵һǿСԻ
СˮֱǸԪǿЦˣСǲǿǿԼҪľԪھˡ
ѾԪ˽
ûԥֱʳȥȻʼܿϵԪǿң޴˿ʼɧͳĺС
ɫԽҫ޴ͷԽǿ׳ûб󣬷С˲٣ӵľˡ
ˮܸܵڷ΢ı仯ڲҲڷű仯ˮʱĳ֮ǰĽʵ̫ˣôǿľԪҪˮæȻΣա
ˮʱĳȻͻĳЩϣԽʵѸȲš
ˣͻˣ
ˡ

һоֹʱ򣬽֮ǰС֮һϢȴǿޱȡ
֮ǰˮǾԪˮڵȻܽʵٷְԪУ½ҩʦһܳǰһʵľԪǴʦˣˮľԪĳɣѾھˡ
ǾԪҲܱٷְյģٵĻǻʧܶ࣬ʧ룬Ҫʳ޾
ĳɻľԪʵҲǺǿģ⾫ԪʵѾԽһʮ޷ȫգһһ㣬ˮѾˣڽʵһˮĵǾȻ̳˻İٷʮ˵Ѫ
ڽһ֡
󣬻󣬺аٷʮ˵ĻѪһʵ
羫ѪӴ󲿷ֵĸӰ죬һķԡٶȡƼס
֮սõӱʵ
çײ޲𹥻ײʮĿꡣ
̤Բ磬ͻ湥һļѣΣĿ֫ľ޷ж
˲ǧ֮˲Ծ
ս˲һɵԷǿɱмĿɵٶȣһʱ
շħʩչǧ֮ڵĶĿмʽһɵʵĿ겻Գٸʱһʱ
ڶмʣһģԽֱߣʵǿҲֱߣսǷˡ
ͻ˲乥Ŀ꣬Ӵ͸ƼףӣкСļʳӷ
Ҳˣˮģڶȫʵʵʮ֮һת䣬ˮҲˣڸоãһĿȻ
棺µĺ󹥻дƼЧͬʱʮеٶȡ
мûˣˮоں˻ľԪйϵϾ羫ѪҲǺܰԵģڿҲǿвĹֶΣȻʱ޷ΪԺû羫ѪĴߣʵҲӺܶɡ
ˮ⣬ﱾһֱоеСΣҪ֪Ľһߵ죬ϵĽͻƣˮǿİ֣ˮ˵ҪԽҲĿģһӵͼʵһһġ
һҲջķᣬ֮ǰսˮնûʹ÷ɽˮһ㲻򲻵ѲãⶫԳʤˮҲһζı¶Լڱ˻оˮҲȻʵҲǿ󣬲޷ֵһЩɢһЩע
ˮںֻʵסġ
ƽӶڵˮ˵Ҳ̤ʵûҩռдҩݣ߸ģӹú⣬һºһŮˮƽˡ
ˣȻһ۾ͿȷǱ


2143 ϲҲϲŮ
ˮðԾ˲⣬Ծ뿪ʱûˣŮʱˮû⣬ʱѾ߽õԺӣˮһǲôģȻ˵Ǵֻһû½ԾʱҲСԺУԼĶ㡣
Ů˺ܸһѩ׵ʿˮûһ˿԰Ѽ򵥵ʿģһȴǷ·ӡУһͷ˿ڼϣʤѩڵ·ȴǺ峺貵ĺڱʯˮû뵽һ˵۾ô
˫˵ƽ侲͵üֱͦǣɢһ˵泯죬ȴǣһʥѹȴֳȻĸоˮһΧӡ
ĺܺãǰͦε֮ѩ׵ʿŵýģȴǡô˭оĺΰΣ֮֫͵˵һŮλϸҪ
޳һ˫ȺǷԲҲӣŵ˫֮ûһ˿϶վ˽״̬
ûȴ֮ġ
ˮΪʲôŵŮ˶޲ڣ̾磬ˮҲϢŵ˵ģһܶصŮˣ˸о
һֱܶ˵ֱ
ˮջĿվв
ˮģϾãȻ֮ƾ֢ҲЩԣ仰ʳ֡
ŮҡҡͷǸˮ
Ů˵ŮһĴԣˮĻë׶ſĸо
ǰˮһЩܣʵܶ˶йЩŮ˵ܺǳĲÿ
ھˮĺ̫ˣŮ˼˵ȻˣǰŮ˺ܲͬΪòټرܴﵽ̶ȡ
˺̨պһҶеӽŮˣˮĳȴûŮǿҡ
ʱ˵ɣˮ˵Ů˵ͱŮܶ෽ӽȥѾȫʱˡ
ǣң
ˮʵ
ҾǿҸһ㣬ˣҸ˵һ£Ҷ˲Ȥ
ˮ˵Ļˮһһ㶵ġ
˲ȤŶˣԭϲŮ˰
ˮ˵ﰵϧŮ˲ϲ˲ò˵˵һ޴ʧ
ҲϲŮˣҲϲ顣
Ůƽ˵
ֶ֣Ͱ飬ȻΪ㸸׵Ļ㲻ų飬˵㲻ϲ顣
ˮŮǰֲ֪ʲôоԷһ̶ˮһЦȻĿ˵ĻӲǧ֮⣬ʴǡ
ɣ
Ů赭д˵
ţǸ㲻ϲ𣿡
ˮʵ
һܣҪ򵹣˵ǲǵġ
˵
ˮϽҡҡͷû㣬㻹ǲҪҶ֣Ҳûб޸ң㲻ϲˣʵҲϲ㣬ֵֹġ
΢΢һ㶣ҲϲˣҲϲŮˣԸôôɣ򣬻Ұˣ
ˮܲˬű󣺡㽲

ܸɴˮоеȣƹƵ˻治֪ôԸһתǲģҪʹҲỹֵġ
أ
ˮ˵ӾзȥŮѾˣٶȿˮ﷢
أ
Ů˵ӰһΣˮ͸оؿٴΰһƣˮķҲǿˮоԼϵԽԽ
أ
һֻо۾һᣬŮ˴۾ûü˵ʲôϽŰһȭ
󣬵ˮһˣҲѪˣҲһȭ
Ůƺˮ֣һȭһȭĴţˮĻԽԽ
Ůƺоˮỹ֣ʱˮԴ׵Ĳˣһȭ֡
ˮһŮûûˣ֮ǰ˵ҲˣֱһѸץ˳ȥ
һץȻ󶼾סˣˮֽץǰͦδҶݵѣΣˮҲ֣ܵı붯ǱѣˣȻѣιˣȻ˴ˮ֡
ˮܵץ£ͦ⻬ʮ㣬˵ĸо
أ
ŮʱһȭȥֱӴˮĿûг׵Ľ⣬ˮѪ˳
ûкûнУҲû˵ˮֻƽĿˮнɱ㡣
Ҹоܿ
ˮǵѪ
ˮĿ⣬һ۾ƽʱƽĿⲻһˮûʸңʲôװʲôˡ


2144 ˮ׷
ˮЦˣű󣺡Ǹͨ˵Ҳо֪˻Ϊʲô𣿡
ûд𰸣һ˾һٸ𰸡
ָƽ
ֻһ𰸣ػеƬ
ˮ˵
ҲоҲػԼľ
ֱ˵
ûоźʹ࣬ǿ󣬼ã㲻֣ΪҲԼĶλΪȱֻ飬ҲֻôһƬ
ˮ˵
һգգĿˮ֮˵˵ǶԵģҲѹΪҲ롣
룬Ҳôżһ룬Ǻѹܹ¶ֵܽúܶ࣬ĸڣֶʲôҲܶ࣬ɻе¶޷롣
ˣԼ֪ʲô
ˮ
㹣ΪǵĴŮˡ
ˮм˵
۾һȻԼŮˣǸĸҲû˵Լ
ţ˭ʸ˵ǰоԼӲʹȻŮˡ
ƺΪˮǲһ١
ҪٴңҾֻץ㡭
ǱֹˮҲ̲סһûô޳ܵġ
ɱˮˮˣֶӵѣҸ׺ܿдԼһͷһˣåȻ졣
ˮ֮ҲͲʲô뷨ˣϾ˵Ը⣬ҲֻԸŻǿֲΪ;磬ˮɲһŮ˰ԼҲȥԣֱԼܡ
ˮϵѾˣΪΣƤҲܺܿͺõġ
Ѿˣ˵ʵҶҲûʲôȤԺҪңˡ
ˮ˵
еʲôʱܹⷬ첻ץأ˴ŮˣҪԼߡ
ң
ʵ
˵ǱʶҪ䰮Զ뱱󡣡
ˮ˵
Ҳɱ㡣
ϾȻһ㡣
Һң˵Ҫʲô
ˮе㲻ԣڲ֪Ů˻ʲô٣䵭ƽȻŻǺ꣬оȥе㷸ˡ
Ҫ׷ҡ
ƽĿˮ
ˮ죬һеˡ
治֪Ů˵Ҫʲôʵϲˣ
ϵ˵ϲ
Ϊʲô׷㣿
ˮƵ˵
֪׷׷
ˮ
׷㲻ϲˣ׷ʲô
ˮֱ˵
׷ԺҾһ١
˵
ˣ׷ǴӦǲӦأ
ˮ治֪ŮҪʲô
Ӧ
ˮ֪̾ܲΪʲôҪ
ˮѾûƢˣΨһ֪ġ
ܣˣǵ׷ңȻ֪ġ
˵뿪ˡ
ˮվһӰʧ³֣ӣ

̫ɹ
ѾͷСô
ҷĿԼСŮЦ
Ҵһ١
ƽ˵
Ŷû֣
ûУҴŮˡ
˵
ô
ҷСĵ˵
֪˺ͱе㲻ֱͬ˵ûȤ
ҡҡͷ
СӣŮôƯȻ
ҷ˵
ףҶҲûȤ¾˰ɣԺϲˣͱˡ
ȴ˵
㲻ٿǿҼǰ;ˣҪԸʲôĶá
ҷǿˡ
ԵɣȻǿһֻʹ࣬ʲô˼˵ʼҲҪġ
ҷֻ̾գһܺˮȥ̫ɹҷ֪ˮܸӵˮӭ˽ȥЦСôˣ𣿡
׷Ůġ
ˮֱ˵
ҷѾپˣһξȵĲ豭˺ȡ
عϾȻЦˣ㲻ǲϲŮΪʲôҪ׷
˵豭˿ڲ衣
ûа취һû׷ȥһ٣Ҳ׷ƻᱻġ
ˮ˵
ۣ
ҷûȵİѲˡ
ˮɫҲ֪ˮû˵ѣֻû뵽Ůر׷ϾϴŮ˵ĺ¾ˣñҷоźû뵽鷢չıҪá
ˮ
ҷԸˮѲ赹
ˮܳҪԼҷȴһҪˮ衣
үӣ˵
ˮ˵
ҾôһŮҲŮɣ費
ҷ翪ʼˡ
УȻˣҪϵҶ뷨ժ
ˮԼŮѾܾûлؼˡ


2145 İв
ҾôһŮҲŮɣ費
ҷ翪ʼˡ
УȻˣҪϵҶ뷨ժ
ˮԼŮѾܾûлؼˡ
ǰҲǣʹˣ㣬ȴԼļͥ˵׵ܿᣬʱһֱȥ¶ϵζǺܲܵġ
ҷ˵ЩƺرΡ
ʵҲǣһҪ׷ԼŮ̫ˣοԷӺӡ
ˮⱱҷ磬˵֪ԼŮԸ𣿡
ҷЦˣǲ˵Ըȱݣȱٸе
ˮεЦЦûС
㲻õģԸû⣬ֻǾԭȻǵԸˣ㲻õģȥɣڽĸ󡣡
ҷЦָһ
ˮ̫ɹȥ
̫ɹռػǺܴģ㳡һĿյأȭš
̫ɹһ֣ܴһƬֽ֣̫ɹһƬֺܴЩӶ˸ߣ֣͵ɢ׳
ˮһǱ˴˵ģǸŮˣˮ֣ûã򲻹Ů˵ľ̫ˣһֶһ˵ˮٶȣȴǲĹٶȣȻǿԽñס
ûýһˮ󣬸һ֮УǾ磬ȫѹơ
ɹ֣ͿһƬ¥΢ϰϰ¥ģһЩΧ¥֦ɶӣһܿ¥΢΢ڶ
õĻᱻ˵һķ磬̨Ҳû£ЩӵԺǿģҽ¥ҲǸ֡
Щ¥ˮ뵽Ϻ뵽ҹ˹裬뵽һЩ컵龰һνҶƹĺš
ϺҲ¥ƣȻûкмɽͺҲɳ̲
ʱˮ̧ͷ¥¥һӰϿͦεǰر𺳵ĸо
ˮ󣬱Ȼ΢΢ƺЦûЦȴˮеʧŮҪӰ¥Ծվˮǰ
һΪ㲻أʲô
ʵ
ˮһٵĳ嶯Ǵ򲻹κʵ˵׷ģ޸ҰɣһһһãǾͳɻ飬Ͷöĺӡ
Ŀˮˮ˵ȻЩţǿЦһЩǶڱ˵ǵһΣǺܴģʲôҲֻб֪ˡ
޸Ұɣĺð㣬ףôΣҲ׽ҡˮ˵һӱס
ˮٴα˸ףˮһٴͦΡ
ʱĽ΢΢Щ޲ֱɱһûа취ͻǰľ磬뾭٣ҪԵĽ˵ģ˿ǱĽ⻵գϲȣȴ٣˵Ҳѵһ
پǰһˣڱƺѣ˵̫ˣ˵ѣΪڵľ磬ԣϲһ˺ѡ
ϲǼװУԵʱˮץ֮Ѿ˸ˣȹǰһ޴ĸı䡣
ϲˣȻҲϲŮˣϲ飬ϲϲһˣϲվԶ磬֪ԼıĻһ߳־磬ʱʹࡣ
ϲˣϲ飬Ҳ񣬲뵽ͻģ˾һ˺һһŮɻһһŮ󣬵Ҳֻ˵ŮҲᣬԲԸ飬Ҳᵽӵĵز
ָо밮ˮҲһѡ
Ǹ쵰
ˮ˵
ˮֻ΢ĲŮˮʵû׵ģһСĻᶪģϾڿһԼǵһˡ
Ҳˣ֪Ů˲ɱԼԼ֪ٴΣԾָϢ
Ժÿ춼Ҫ𣿡
ˮ׵ͷô챻ᣬȻָҲҪһᡣ
á
ˮ˰Ҳûģͱһ٣Լһ£
˵㵽ҪʲôҪŹҺòã㡣ˮԹĿű
ôˣֻ֣塣ƽ˵
ˮΪŮ˲ںأһ£Ҫ
˵һŲҰǹӵϡ


2146 ֵܲ㡭
ˮˣŮ˾Ȼ˵ô뺷ĻҪˮоĳһӲ£ˣ嶼ɵһ¡
ڲٰ㳤ҲŮ񼶱ֵܲ㡣
ˮûˣʽŮǰĲһƤҲûá
㲻á
΢΢
ˮٴһŮ˵߱ˮ˰ͷһ߳ͷϼΪˣııƽָ㻹Ҫ뵽֮ǰԼסͦΡ
ˮ˫۲Ծͦδ½е壬ˮŪãЩоͦԺģ֮ǰôҲôʹˡ
ȥ
ˮ¥ﻹûпŮ˵Ĺ뷿ء
ԥһµͷѵѱĴͷ¥ȥ
Ȼ¥ڵ龰¥ҲǷˮģдҲӣӵ¥ȥ
¥һһ㶼ûжģյģ¥ؽ࣬ܿڵõҪ󣬲û̻֮
ûˮȥ¥ֻڶ¥ڡ
ӣʲôĶģоܸţ̸ʣȥһһˮһĲ豭
СӺСǰֶıһȣҵȥĶֻ֮磬ֻһ۾֪¶顣
ͷ¶
ˮЦŶ˵
㵹ϵãⶫֵ¶顣
Ҳһһζ뵽ֶġ
ҿû̻֮㶼ʲô
ˮʵ
ӣ
㲻Է⣿Բˣ
ˮܾȵʵ
ҡҡͷ
̫ˣ㿴嶼ֻʣһƤˡ
ˮű˵
㡣
ðɣܸܲΪʲôЩǵĲϲǱԭ򡣡
ˮʵ
ҲûбԭҸоںܺãܶӶԵģǱʲôĻҪãҲϲԹӣ͹ӾƣһЩȪˮʲôġ
˵
̫ˣо¶û˼𣿡
ˮȻҲ͵סįˣŮַʽǸо޷ܣûи飬ûгԵġ
ûаҸоܺá
ʥƣʳɫҲ㲻մԣҲմԣȤ㶼ӵˣоķ𣿡
ˮ˵
²˵뷨㲻о̫𣿡
ף𣬵Ҫˣôܶأ޻϶ǿܺʥģׯϵģ̹ϵġ
Ŵʱˮһ󵭵ûзˮˮһۣȲ軹²ס𡣡
Щ¶ɵòװɣ
ˮ⡣
ϺܶܺôһС
˵һСڣôȹҲСھܺˡ
Ҳľƣ֪ûȤ
ˮЦ˵
ʲô
ûоܾ
¶ƣ
ˮóһѩ׵ƿӣҲͰ֣¶ǴЩҩϲµ¶һЩĶƳɵģȻװ̳ӡ
ˮɾʱ䳤ɾʱȣԵҲ˲٣ƿҲд󼸰ƿˡ
ɾĿռܴˣ˵¶鲻ˮɵģʷˮɵģ¶һ¶鲻ͬ¶ÿ춼УɾЩҩʲôģǰ²ſԲһΡ
ⶫһƿӲ֪ҪɶٵΣⶫ÷ƻҪѵãҩϵ¶飬Ա÷Ƶĺôй֮޲÷ϴֻݾԶ÷ЧûпɱԣҲû壬Ͼɺ͹Ǹһ
ˮƿڣʱһɵ¥ζܵȴǺе㵭ҩ㣬֮ĿһŵζһЩС˷ͷʲôϾͺˡ
һ۾žȻĶ¶ôô㣿Ҫ֪Щ¶鶼ҩϵ¶飬Ǿγɵ¶ƾͲôˡ
ˮֱӸһҲԼһ
ʵˮҲûкȹܾǰȹƲˣû뵽һƿȻѾﵽƷ˰ɣҪŮŪдͷ¶дԼƻ֪ʲôʱŻ¶Ƶġ
ˮֱӺȵҲǸ߱Լûھʲôֽš
Ҳһڣܵı۾Ȼٺȣ֮źꡣ
ˮֱţһСֻоˬ˲ǻһĸоȷʵܲоŮôﵽ۷һҲˣȻǱ˫ҲûбȽϵıҪʳɫԣܣҲʳе۷˰ɣӦÿԴﵽǸˡ
ˮ¾ƱҪһס˱ڣⶫһһ㹻ˣٺȶ˾˷ˡ


2147 رͼеĵطҵ
ˮЦЦȻûмֶǰʮƿϣԼƵģôЩһЩЩʵҲǵһκȣҪҶҪˡ
ɾиרƵ̳ӣʷµ¶鶼̳Уÿһʱ䣬ͻһЩȻƣһ㲻ôȣҲƳʱһЩ
ƳҲڷ˲֪ȣȻûȣԽⶫԽǺá
󿴿ȻǸ֮ǰСƿ˵ҺϲҾҪŰɣʿɶֹ
ˮϲԭˣʱȴоԭ˾Ͳˣʶ鶯ԭͲܽ顣
ˮڻûе־磬֪Ů˵Ļ;ԻҲûж˵ֱӽЩЦȻ㲻ҪǾٸ㳢һɣӦа
ˮϣͻƵǰľ磬ҷ˵ҲвСԭġ
Ŷȣ㻹˵ĲҺܺ棬ʲôƿԺ𣿡
ҲǺܺ档
ˮó÷ƣһЩģаڿֻܸһƿˣһƿҲˣֻΪܵġ
һ̳һε÷̳ӣʮ̳ӣˮ˽ʮ̳ӣиղŵ飬ˮֱó̳ӡ
ˮһóһӣıӣһ򿪾̳ʱһɸŵ㣬÷ǸŰǣζһֱʹˡ
ˮܸо÷ƵϢͱЩƣǣţɡ
һ£ӺһڣϾȻһ˿İ׹⣬Σһ̵ֲմһ˿֮һȾմ֮
׵ŮˣˮһƾȻĸı䣬һѪѣʵǾˣͻơ
һҪΪѾﵽ۷壬ֻҪһͻƣ֪ɹԼ٣һϾͻͻơ
֮󱱻еıӣˮһ˫۱һЩ˵ɫʣ̾û뵽ôõĶǴгֵġ
ʲô˼
ˮԡ
ôʥŵĶôļһƵġ
˵һ顣
ˮĿֻǴԿһҵǽϵһһˮסˣΪĻĺŲرͼһһġ
һˮˣȻŲرͼرͼҲطҲֻǷֽһţھݴҵһλ̫ˣһرĵطֵĵطʱˡ
ôˣ
󿴵ˮԼƺֲڿԼ
ܲܿŻ
ˮָָҵĻ
ܣôˡ
վ߱˵
죡
ˮЦȻһ߽˷䣬ﲻ֪㲻ңкܼ򵥣һ񴲣һѧɵİ׻Ƥ֮ûжˡ
ˮˮĲرͼ˲٣滭Ķȴһһģа˷
ˮԿ϶ϵĶԼҪҵĵط
ˮóرͼ˵֮ĲޣˮƺһҲŮԼĲرͼ
㿴رͼϵĵطǲϵλá
رͼţǣ˵ˡ
ȵ˵
˵ʲôˣ
ˮʵ
үү˵ģ˵бأȴҲŲرͼˡ
Ȼ˵
֪ʲôطɣ
֪Ǳѩɽһطвǿޣðյĵط
̫ˣ֪ˣһΪһֱﴫء
ˮȻܿġ
Ͳɱ㣬Ĳرͼ
ʵ
Ǹ֮ˣԼܹԼһ𣿡
ˮм˵
ðɣ֪طʲôʱȥղŸҵľƺܺãҰһұأҲκζ
󽫲رͼݸˮ˵
ô
ˮ˵
ã

ˮãŵѾȫˣˮʣµһŵˣŵʵйϵĺܶ๦Ǻֱӹҹġ
Ҳˮ֪֮ģ԰ŵˣⶫΪŵģ񵲱ӵһ
ŵ֪СĿɹôõĶǼֵǵģ֪ôлˮ˵лл̫ûˣʲôҲû˵
ŵҪȥһΣԼСĵ㡣
ˮ֪ŵʵǺܲģƽսʵϴŵľǸϣˮʱǴɱԷ
İɣϴеˣڸСԱǺǿģõģֻγȥ᲻Σգܲܰæ
ŵĵʵ


2148 ɫɲͣﱱѩɽ
ˮûŵȥչһ£ŵҲûм֣
ʱ䣬ˮԾҽǰ̫һЩŵһҲŵõٺôЩǲѧҲٽ
ŵѾͣϲȥԼĹѧ˵ģˮҲ޳ɣǧ絽˾򵥵ʽҲʹֲ
ԾҪġ
ץסҲڲãһָҪһЩԵ
ʱܿ͹ȥˣˮǿˣһǺܿ죬ҪĻˮʵһ쿴ϰٲ˶⣬Ȼ̫ʱĳ⣬һľ֢
õԽԽ죬ĵطãǿ߶࣬һˮ̣Ǹ壬ʵ˿̫ɹеһƴҲˮ֪֪һЩŴʵֻеıɽһǡ
ѩɽ뱱ʵǺԶѩɽκγǳأһصĻԭﳣ󲿷ֶǱѩأˮͱһ·ⱱѩɽڡ
Ѿˣɽܶ񣬶ֺƤƳɵ񣬲ǵȼգܶ˶һȺһȺΧŻȡů˵Цģпȵġ
һۿȥͷɼ˺ܶ࣬һҹһ
ˮǵһμǸо𺳣ֳʲôǰǿˣˮ޷ġ
ҲϢһһȥô
ˮΧϲա
ƺܵˮ뷨ͷã
ˮͱһմˮֱӴ񣬲ȴûд
ˮĺܿ죬ȻҵһЩľͷȻˮͺˣϲоȻɾŪ˼㣬ʲôŪãϴɾһ
ǲһС
ˮûϣһģˮջǲģ֮ǰˮʵ̣𣿡
ҽб󣡡
ҵˣ䱸ݣҵĸűùá
ˮŹֵ˵
ҿɲҪֶӣ˵ˣġ
˵
𣿡
ԣ
ˮһ˵
Լʲôʱʼе㿼Ǳ˵ĸоˣҡҡͷȻԼҪһˣҪı䡭
ˮЦЦûж೤ʱ䣬ˮһõݸ㿾ĺܲɫģһϸϸͣϣ֮ǰʱˮѾζȥˡ
ӹĳ
˻Ȼ˲ҿԶԶͻǿԵģһ۶һܣһջһ治Ҵͷһ˴ĸеԱϢ
ˮһһͱķ˵ɫɲͣˮһ߳һ߿о⡣
˵Ů˸ʲôÿгУǷ۵С죬ѩ׵ıݡ
ûУ۾Ҳգ͵Ƕţһ߳һ߿ԼȻĿⲻ̫ԣǸоЩڡ
ҲԿҡˮ˵
Ƿˣ쵰ƤǿԵģҲ֪ǲΪԼһڣһһֱеڱ
Ҫʵͺˡˮиж
ΪʲôĪҪ΢΢
ǰǿˣһ㣬Żе²֣ҪˮٺЦ

ˣҲû˵ʲôȫˮ
û
ˮܷѽ⣬ˮܿģԺܴ󷽵˵ҵСҲܴ󡣡
Ҫǲһ̫Ҳ˯һŴϡ
ˮĴϣóһԼѩ̺Ӹϡ
ˮվڴߣŮ˳ԵԼģֲ˶ȢʵԼŮˣԷᣬӹĻѪ
ˮĴʵ󣬲׳׿ģ˯ȻǴ´࣬ԥˣһˮóһ棬Ҳˮξ봲ܽţˮھ뱱˵ܽ
һֵŵζˮǶˣˮоޱȵܡ
ڴϣһ̺ڸǲסǷĽȻ䣬ʵԲøǣˮھʲôҲûиǣǸ̺ʵҲڵģһָоϰߡ
һҹƽûзʲô飬ҹʱˮȥȥɾ֪ˮȥȥʱе㳤һֱȵˮ𴲣ҵˡ
ʰһ˾ͳȥɽˡ
Ҳв˽ɽѡıУѩУڱҲһĪܣָоرĺá
ƺᳵ·һűѩɽǰУˮǸԽԽѾɽˡ


2149 ֮ţر
ѩһѩ׵磬ֲǳʲôģֻ¶һֵɫ󲿷ֶѾѩǡ
̫Ѿ𣬲ȴûʲô¶ȣ˵һЩů
ʱҲЩС֮ķɹһЩ֦£ڷɵ˲һЩѩ¡
ˮѾ˵ͼϵķΧڣҪҵνĲر֮ƺѡͣΧ˵
ģǰҹΣرͼשֻ֤ͨҪط߽˾ͻиӦˮһЩ֮ǰ֪ȥң˵طܱ֮ǰ򵥶ˡ
ǾڸطϹǺܴġҲûʲôð취
رͼҵطõĶˮģҪ֪֮ǲرͼõģһϣҵһö
ʱһһȥˣֻ޴ѩ֮ʲôҲûеĲرͼҲûκηӦɫҲԽԽ֪Ѿһȥˡ
ˮҵѩһǿ÷ժݵǰС㣬޸Ұɣĺܰ㡭
ˮһֱǵҪ׷ȻһᰤҵҪף˵ˮ׷ʲôһᱻ´밤ΪʱԿͣоá
ӹ÷һȣˮоЦˣЦû
㰮ʲô
ʵ
ƯҰȭͷϡ
ˮžԳƵϻˮ
ЦˣһκǰЦˣˮƶ죬Ժ󲻻㡣ʵǰǴ㣬Ĵ㡭
֪˼£ġ
ˮǸұס
ôų˴
ǳЦʵ
ˮǰ֪᲻ЦӴôʱһϵЦ
Ϊ㲻ЦأǰЦ𣿡
ˮʵ
Ǹˣô࿪ĵ顣
ЦһЦʮ٣ЦЦʵЦܺÿܹġ
ˮǺЦ
ҿƤˡ
һһֱЦԼ
򣬵ܴˣһǹ·㡣
ˮ۾ݺݵһ顣
׼ˣˮϽ˵ߣңҲˣҸطϢҡ
ˮҲռռϱˣһŮˣŮ˶ֲ죬٣Ҳʶʱ䳤һЩǰ˲٣Ҳˮʣ
һʱˣɫѾˣеѾˣ¹˵ʥ࣬˸ĲɷһϮµıŮ
ϧôŮ˲ϲˡ
ˮ̾
Ҳǲϲˣֻûϲˡ
ѵûһ䡣
Լ֪ΪʲôҪˮһ仰ģ
ӢΣ˼˰أ㻹ʲôġ
ˮűһ̫˵ɫ
ֻоƤܺ񣬲Ҫŵ㣬ûӢ
˵
ðɣ۹ⲻͬ۲ͬ򲻵һ
ˮ̾·ܿϧ
쵰Ժǰ˵Щå
ڸоˣʲôһңֻз޲һ
ʵåģúáԺ˵ˣңҲ˵
ˮᶨ˵
쵰Լ˵Щ
ͻȻˮ¹еĲرͼȻ΢΢һƺﴫˮ̽һ¡
ˣŮˣȥ
ˮ˵˳Ÿоǰ
һŮ˽ееŹ֣Ǹˮǰȥ
һɽȣɽȺܶ࣬˵ģһױ˺ӵСɽһɽСɽ˵Ǹѷ죬Ҳĸ˲Źȥ
ԽߣԽǸо΢ϵԽǿңСɽҲ¶ģʯڹ⻬羵ȻʱܾˣǶʱڳֵġ
Ȼ棬ˮûж룬˰յʱ䣬ˮеĲرͼԽԽˣʱˮֱӿԶһʯڣһ˿֣ȻԽԽһͳһһĹΡ
֮š
ҵˡ
ˮЦ˵
رͼԿףûвرͼǲ֮ŵġ
ҲǾ档
ߣǽȥɣϣǺˣԵõɵֱ֮Ӵ۷壬ͻͻʲô磿
ˮЦ˵
ΰɣ
ˮͱ߽Ǹ֮ţˮȥˣȴǹȥˮֳȻס֣һε˳ȥˣŲرͼԭ
ȥ֮ˮȻֻһ򵥵Сɽ˵һʯңˮ׼սΪʲôػصػʲôģڿˡ


2150 ֮ģŮװ
һʯңҲ֪ǲΪסԭһȾЩҪˮصıһͰΧһ顣
ӣɫСӣСһߣܺÿˮҲǺܼģСӿӦǺöɡ
ûʲôΧһС
С㣬ȥʲô
ˮһֱûɣԵڶǽš
£ˮûпҲ֣ôţûҲˮˡ
ˮűߵһûκԥֱӴˡ
֮ģ
ˮһŵɫ֮ģ沦ǿֻ֪ǸöˮѾ֪֮ͨʲôˡ
һ֮Ŀʮ֮һѪͳѪͳȻǿٵʵ
֮޴ﵽޱһǿĶ࣬ǿޣˮȻҲޣϸϺ޲̫ˣǳѪȫѵҲŲСľ룬ֻޣͬʵ޻ǿ֮һ
С֮ġ
ˮ֪òøˣⶫҲ֪ʵֱóһŵݸ󣺡һ룡
˵ҪҾ
ҡҡͷ
ҪĻҾ˺رͼȻǾ¶ϡ
ˮЦ˵
ң
ȵ˵
ŮҲ㲻ˡ
ˮ˵
ǻģġ
Ц˵
ȻǿߣҲܳʱ䲻Բȡ
ģԵĺúȵĺãԶԲꡣ
ˮɾԳԺȵǲ
ˣҿɲⶫãҾͷһ
ӹһ˵
ҪҲ㣬ûʲôá
ˮһҲݹȥ
ҡҡͷҾͲһһ㹻ˡ
ˮ⻰֪޿ܲôһͻƣǵʵĶûãѪѪĶûˣֱӿͻơ
ˮһ֮ȻһӣȻͺķһŮ˵·͵̨һ׿ûʲôĄ̊́յͬҲǲĶˣⶫҪǿɳɳ
̨յõ֮ô꣬ѾΣڵױ̨յڵƺҪһЩֶһģֻԪĲΡ
㣬ⶫֻ㴩ˡ
ˮУˮ뵽̨մŮװģɵ뿴Ůװӡ
ԥһ£ǽӹˣˮڿһӣӲöǹѰĲ⣬ˮоֿԺܴΪŮװ񼶶ˣԾֻһҲ㹻Ƶϱˡ
һɫӣˮ棬һɫ鼮ĸ֡
תƣ
ˮ֪ȻʵܱʽҲֻм򵥵һͼһЩй·ߡ
ӷĹ͹ûκιϵֻԼķйϵԽ߹ԽǿÿӿʹһΣУ˺Ƚϴ
ˮˣⶫҲУˮ۾ԼǿķûйھȻȶȻ߷ӶʹһΣǱеģӷ˺ҲǺͷйϵˣҲߣ˿ɱˡ
⶷תƶˮ˵񼼣Ƕһ˵Ҳǲģ˵Ǹǿߡ
⶷תƣˮоֵˣⶫˮбʲô֮ŮװöˣȻҲͶˮԣںܶ˿⶷תҲ߷Ӷ෢һγ˼ߡ
ˮһʵԱ࣬ʱ䲻ʲôһЩ˵߷ӹöˣԶתˮ񼼣ںܶ۾һ
ⶫûȤҳһݡ
ˮʵ
ûá
˵ֵֹģԼѰȴû뵽Լõġ
ˮתӽɾΧûзʲôЦ߰ɡ
ͷ˵ʲôû˵Լ˵ĸˣ͸Լ˿ûκԥȻҲǻΪͼͻʲô̫ĸоҪһʼ밮ˣԲŻе˵ĸо
Ȿתƶ˵õŮװҪá
ˮĵ˵һ䣬ҲǸԼһҲǵõĶ
ţǾͺã߰ɣǳȥɣ
߳ȥ֮ˮеĲرͼʧˣ֮ҲʧˣʩչУڶص˱
̫ɹˣˮǻá


2151 ˮ񼼣ת
ǰҲʱ䣬ˮصãˮŵɿȻ֪ˮʲô£ûʣҲ֪Σʲôġˣôˡ
ŵЦʵ
ûˣѾˡ
˼ǺͱʴСˡ
ŵЦʵ
ˣʲôˣ
ˮɻʵ
㲻ǺͱʴСһȥǲǷչ𣿡
ŵɻʵ
ˮĿŵԭС㵱ֻ˵˵費ҪæԼ˵û˵ʲôˣԭΪԼͱȥչˣԼ˵ҷŮ޸Լ
ҺȥѰһ±֪ط
ˮҡҡͷ˵
Ѱ֪ȥҲȥҪȥ˻᲻ǡ
ŵЦ˵
ˮ˵ȥ˹ԼҲͲܿͷռˡ
ôܣֲǲ˽ǸŮˣϲˡ
ˮЦ˵
Ҿ˵ԭϲˡ
ŵȻ˵
ҲϲŮˡ
ˮ˵һ䡣
Ժ˵Ҫ˵꣬ϲʲô
ŵĵĺˮһ
֪˵һֻûǵˡ
ҲǣŮ˾ǻĴڣܱۻ治ףӦøϵܽ
ŵĿˮ
Ҳңҽʲô
ˮҡҡͷЦ
㲻˽ŮˣŮҲ˽Ůˣֻ֪ʴСûкκһʱ䳬һյʱ䣬Ӧøϵˡ
ŵЦſˮ
ˣ˵ЩˣмжŮ
ˮ뵽ЩˣʮŮͼѾȫҵˣԼ֪ܲ㣬ѾǼĸʿɶֹɣŮ࣬ܲȫȢɣԼҲչ˲
ã˵ˣѰô
֮ģһŮ»ⱾսŮ¸˱󣬸һ֮ģ֮ĸɣûʲôá
ˮһ֮ĵݸŵ
ŵЦˣô
ûУôСŮ˵ҲҵŮˣΪʲôҪ
ˮֱ׳˵
ŶǿһҪˣȻʧ
ŵЦŴˮߡ
ˮе㲻ᣬϾⶫԼҲãҲǶôۣⶫǲڸ߽˵һҲ޵һЩҲ˵
ˣġ
ŵҪˮС
ˮץסЦ˵͸㣬öܶ࣬ŰɣСǿˣҲġ
ŵһ죬֪ˮ仰˵˵ľβһʱҲ÷һطһ£ĵһۿˮ·Ҫγˮһ
ˮһһ飬޲ȥһֳ嶯嶼һЩ仯ŵˮ¹һ뿪ˡ
ˮЦſԼµ̫ˣһԼղܣһ˾ӮĹƶܱһκá
ˮɾºˣõıؾʣⱾתˣóⱾתƣˮʼѧϰ
һҳѧϰǺܿġ
ܿͿʹˣȫĹΪһɫӡۣӳһĹһˮ;ˣ⹥ʮҪ֪ˮĹĻֻʮһ
ʮĹӷģȻֻʮ˺ǻܿ͹۵ģľĹԷһʮķôʵ˺ҲʮԷϻбĵĻɵ˺͸ˡ
ڲŸѧᣬʲôĶܵͣսǺйϵģˮ뵽ԼΨһһķˮԥһ»ֱˡ
һȫ·սһȴûие˿ԼɸоӯȴǳͺʵС
ˮڵķﵽİˮѾ񵲡ͷǸ˺һԼĹ˺ɵķ
Ѿû˱Ҳ֪ԼǲǻÿƵġ
ܵǿ˲٣ˮٴʹöתƣɵ˺Ȼˡ
ˮÿӾһζתƣһоʱһĹȥˮҲתƵ˺ķ֮һͷһҲСڵˮﵽ߹ﵽɾһµʱ䣬ˮʹ˲֪ٴΣͳһδﵽĹˮ˺һᡣ
ˮҲ֪һЩǾ磬ûգһĹһʮ²˵ڵˮöתϻɬޱȣһʮӷ˺Ѿֲܿˡ
ˮһֱ뿪ɾ


2152 ̨
Ӻƽˮβ̵Ծҽ֪ȥ¡
ˮĶתҲǲϵѾﵽ͹ҳİļ˺ܶ࣬ˮܿģҪǰתƺͻĳּޣ߷Ӱʱ䣬ȷʵӡ
һֻʹεĶתƣȴǿʹˡ
תƶںܶ˾Ƿ˵ҲǼߣߵԭʱ䣬ʱ̫ˣϾԷӳɵĹˣ˵ǱȽܿˣսҲǷϹɣʱ㹻ܶˣԾѧҲ˷ʱ䣬Ҳᱧ̫ϣȻֻܵˡ
ˮҲԭʱ䲻ʲô£ҲֻѶתƵ񼼡
ʱ̵ˮ̫ˣϾ֮һ
ˮ͸ӳϣ´ͻǲֻҪӰ룿ͻƼΣʹãǿЩǹǲֲ̫ˣӷ˺ֲ̫ˡ
ˮҲǺˣںٴΣһɱԷͿˡ
µʱ䣬õ˲٣û˸Сϻƽսǿ󣬻иսȻ԰ѻƹĴɱ
ǿϻƽսûйʱһǿѾˡ
ˮиϢҪҪ
ŵҵˮʵ
˵
ˮԡ
ƳǳһŮ
ŵЦ˵
ʲôϡģŮ̫ˣҲǸŮ
ˮЦ˵
ŮͱһȣǸɽŮ񣬻һŮƺ廢ɹ飬˵ǲǺ廢ɹг𰡡
ŵ˵
⣬ˮüë𣺡Ǹλã֪ܲ
ôˣʶ
ŵʵ
ҸоŮ˿ҵӣҴ廢ɹҲΪ
ˮںܼҪ̨֪յʵȻܺ廢ɹ⣬ħߣħŵ˷ֹҪ鷳
ƳǾ¥
ŵ֪ˮֱܼ˵
лˣȥ
ˮ׼뿪
һȥɣ
ŵ˵
ҿʱ֪١
ŵ˵
ˮͷǸ鱨ģҲûʰֱűȥ
ﵽľȻˮоУԻǺܿģҲ͵˱ȥƳǻҪһЩʱ䡣
ɽ·ⶫʱǲʹˣϾͣٶȱҲʲôԳŵƳǸȥ
ģû£ѾкܶעˣҪ̫ˣѾ˵Ժͱıˣ˵ǱĻǾͲñŮˡ
ŵЦ˵
ˮȻⱱͱʲôȣȻȣǱһصĴڣֻоױȵʺΪһʱҵĴڡ
һֱڶϲŵƳǣ¥ѾԶˮѾˡ
¥ķˮզ࣬Χкܶˣʱһ˳֣˴Ϊ׵ǸӢֹ꣬ˣΪǿϵħ죬ܾħ
ŵ˵ʱС˵ħŵܵܡ
һΪأԭĵܵܡ
ˮ˵仰оֵֹġ
ʱž¥˵һˣҺϲ㣬ʲôҶӦ㣬Ⱳֻһˡ
ˮĻѾԿ϶Է̨ˡ
үǴȥץѾǵˣү
һС˵
ϲҵӣֻȢһˡ
ħ˵
԰ΪүſԽȴȥԺȻүһģһᱻүĳ򶯣ʱŻоүĺá
˵
ãģԼǵš
ħ˵һž¥ȥ
ʱӾ¥ƮһӰ
ٸ߸üͣղʩɫ糯ϼӳѩɽŮա
ɫһѩ׵βסߣ絶ǰĻľĶǣأ޳Ľɢһ˲µʣˮɿŮˣ䣬һĹ°
ôıôĹ°Į
̨գ
̨ڵϣƺиоһĿһˮŵĵطһӿˡ
¶һ˿ȣһ˿ͣȻôЦˣΧ˿̨յЦˣ֪Ѿ˿ˮ
ֿˮΪ𺳵ʱ䳤µġ
ŵȵ̾ȻôЦݣţˣ𣿡


2153 ħħֿһ
𣿡
ˮͷʱ̨ûǸˣˮ
ˮЦ߹ȥһѽڻն
ô
̨յЩӲô䣬ֻˮеȻôǿǿ
һŮڴ廢ɹϢ֪ˡ
ˮ˵
̨һȣ뿪ɣ˶ࡣ
ã
ŵվڲԶˮǸŮ˱һһ˿˵ʧ䣬ΪʲôϲˮһޣŮ˿Լϲ˺ܰŮɻо
ˮ̨ŵ
վס
ʱһŭ
ˮòҲ֪Ǹ
ʲô飿
ˮħԺصӣһӡ
ʲôˣ
һſеŤ˵ŮˣһۿŮ˵ʱʹ⣬ǲˣǲǼˣҪõŮˣȻоԼᷢġ
ʲô˺йϵ𣿡
󵨣Ȼôү˵
ˮĻ˵꣬ħߵǸϺȵ
㲻һװʲôء
ˮЦſǸꡣ
㡭
촽ڶ£һֱǶλԼʦүλãΪүıߵģڱ˵ɹǵһΣƲסҪɱˮ
Ҫ򣬱鷳Ϊһүȱ첲ȵĻ֪㻹ܲȫʬ
ˮĿꡣ
걻ˮסˣһ亹ү޲ߵŮˣԺͱµŮȴǶܵĽҪ֪Ů˿Ǹӡ
һӵŮ˵ܼ򵥵һвģ뵽һӻʪ͸ˣҲҿˡ
øңκ
ħӿˮֱ˵
ˮ۾𣺡
ħӵǳ˳飬ôûԼ˵֣ڼȻԼֳҲǾԵĳţԼĳҲûô˵
ȴǱһ˵
Ҳϣǰ
ħ̾˵
ˮװƵӾЦм˵ɣ˶ϧĻֻҪ׵ķݡ
ˮɱˣھͺħֵòݣûȫ׼á
ħֿɫףȷˮ˵ĻǲģǼٵģԼԴܵõŮˣģԼ˹ƶǰܴԼƱҲвСĿɽʱȥԼŮⱻɱҲǰԼ
һŮһѣԼеţܴԼôţԣŮ˾ġ
ͷвϵǻռϷ磬ҧҧˮʲôطŻҲҪֶ˭֣
ħֿ˵ֱ꣬ӽһˮȥ
Щ˿ɲͨǵʵˮεȾͲ̫Զˣǿһ󷨣
ˮҲᣬе㼦ߣǰ󷨣Ӻǿķ͸Լжǲֻܽܰ
Ҳһֹƽ˹ǿķ
ħֿҲеţȻˣĵڷûʲô仯ȴǿԹˣֻһλÿԹ
ħֿվ۵λá
ˣĵرĿҿԺͲ˷ֿһЩ룬Գˮ˸֪Ѿˡ
һɣ
гһѵīɫĵֱˮȥһīɫצһˮץȥ
ħ
ˮһֱ̽һȭӵĿڡ
ԣ
ƵرĿţˮȵǶԷȻˣīɫħˮնȥ
ˮһȣò˵ϵĸıȴ˾޴ͻƣˮ֮ǰǹҲжʮûһ˺Ҫ֪ӵʵ
ʵˣеˣʮĹȴǺˡ
֮ǰĹˮûдɱԷΪԷˮ֪ģԲ˶ʮĹ󷨣ˮҲ㽫ˣǲˣڷ־Ȼˡ
Ҳɱҡ
ħֿЦ
ˮӣֱг˾ɽ˹ȥ
ԣ
ɽڵĹֲˮöתƣǸ˵ɱһӷǿûãֱӺʣ
ɽжܻӷҲֻһ㣬Բˣ֮ǰѾܳ˶Էܵ
һһ¾㹻ˣħֱֿӿѪķɳȥҲɢˣ۶ˣȻˣҲɫ԰ףǴѪ
ħֿ˵úأȴˣˮţ˾ȻԼ󷨣ǸСɽһĶʲô


2154 һ
ˮߵħֿǰŶԷǲ԰׵ɫǾַ׵񡣡Ҫɱңұ֤Ժٴ⡣
ħֿ֪һд˱Ҳ򵥣ɱҲǰɱϾһǿߵŮˣɱļҲûа취档
ģҲɱ㣬ħţֻҲôӣȻҴҵŮ⣬ҾǸŪ
ˮЦ˵
ħֿɫɷ׽Ĳ˫ȣҪһһҪ㻹ɱҡ
ħֿ˻ߵĽе֪ˮÿһ仰ܳΪʵ
Լһȣ㲻֣ҶֵĻ˵׼ͷƫˣȾûˡ
ˮħֿľһ˵
ħֿԥһ£һҧֱһԼһȣǴϥ΢µһλá
ˮҲû˵ֱŤͷ̨պŵ뿪ˣﲻǾ֮أرȷġ
̨һֱû˵ˮһֱûɿŵһЩζܿЦˣԼʲôζûйϵȻԼʱԼ壬ʱ⣬Բܰ˵
صãŵ¥ˣ֪ˮкܶ໰Ů˵
ˮûãгڤգ̨վڤıϡ
һֱһСɽʱͣˮſ˵Ϊ廢ɹİɣ
ţ
̨˵
˵Ļ㶼ˡ
ˮʱŭ˵
ˮŭӣ̨ů˺Σգ֪ǵԼ˵ûǣֻǡ
ǲǸоΣգŲ㣿
ˮ̨ա
ûУˮ㲻Ҫ֪һҳ嶯׽ˣʲôıҪˡ
̨ҡҡˮ֡
ɫôıޣˮǺ͵ģһѽסһֱŬţҪһʱ䣬Ѿˣ廢Щ廢ɹƿأЩֻƿ廢ڣ廢ɹŲɺӵĵλ廢ɹħǽ˵ģͬˣȥֻ
֪Ҳֻһ£Ҳ֪ƺϢһ¡
̨˵
齻ңҪðˣʲôʱڣĻᷢģʱǰ廢ɹħɱҲ޷ʧȥʹࡣ
ˮ뵽˼̨ճĲ
̨տˮıסĲӣͷļϣôҪ𣿡
ҪҪȻҲŮˣ˲ΪҵһŮһҵŮ֮⣬ҿΪԼ
ˮ˵
һҲΪʲôǻأȻҲûá
̨̾
ˮû뵽Ů˵Ļ
֪һģҿƲסԼҺܶʱںŬĿƣŮ˶ˣǲġ
ˮε˵
ֲ㣬жŮҶ⡣
̨˵
ˮһһֺįʵϲԼںԼ
ֻǲϲ㣬㲻ΪһŮ˷ڵŮˣŮ˭ɱҲᣬڲ֪ʲôооϲɣϲ㡣
̨ոоˮį̧ͷˮ˵
ߵžգľĶǣԼĲӣˮ§ֲԾĽ˽˵գҰ㣬ҵһҾ;ҵӣҲҺĶΪ㣬һֱŬǰ
̨֪ǰˮ˵ڼһףɫе΢죬뵽˵һμ棬뵽ǸʱɬӣʱǸëͷСӣԼ
ŮˣⱲӶǡ
̨ɬ˵
ɬӣ̨ˮһƬȣЩҲܴ󣬷ݿʱ䳤ˣˮеִ٣е㲻˵ס㡣
̨յͷķŵһˮ֪ǲǴӦˣ֪ǲҪ̧׵ʱ̨ȴ΢΢̧ͷ˫Ѿ΢΢ϣŨܵĽë˵С
ˮȻӿ죬һνӽһŮһˮ˵ĸо΢̴ϣ绨һ촽һĸоֱֱͨ
ˮǵһ̨գһǺܾúܾ֮ǰˡ
̨Ǳ׾ĽǣƺϲӦˮǱˮ˳˿ء
Ƿ۵࣬ˮ̰ĽҺˮղܣһֱܾ֮ˮɿ̨գֿʱȻһӨ˿ߣֻǰС˵п龰ˡ
ʪǣ빻ʪܡ
˿̨ɫˣָϽ촽Ȼ˲ˮ촽


2155 ۷Ŀ
ͻȻ̨ղŸоˮԼβŵģ˱һСƺиӲӲĶȻ֪ʲôһеңеš
գʵǰһֱΪ㲻ϲ˵ġ
Ȼһμͷ˹ϵʱ̨ǱǿЧҩԲܿƣʶѣֱӣˮһֱΪ̨ıɽŮǲϲˡ
ˮҲıתлʲôӵģᷢﵽ۷ʱʲôӣﵽõ۷𡭡
ʵ֮ǰȷʵϲˡ̨˵
ˮȵĿ
Ҳϲͬԣ廢ڵǸ˶ҩıңҲ֪ҩʲôҩһŮ˶Ժ׽˲һЩøУЩ׼׼֪
̨˵һЩ顣
ˮЦſ̨գˣ
˵ʲôأ̨ղ˼ĵˮһۡ
ϲˣǲҩЧˮʵ
ǣҪҩЧʱҾͲ뿪ˡ̨պ˵
ˮϲ仰˵Լ
գ
ˮ˵
ţôˣ
ˮеŤӲס
롭
ˮ̨ͦǰ
̨Ȼ֪ʲô֪ҪʲôˮھҪû׼ãһˮɻˣˮɵߵһ

ˮ˵̨֮գŮֱӵͷպķ·ҪγˮǷ۵Ķ䶼ˣѩ׵ĲҲǷۺһƬ
ȻôС
ǲġ
̨ԥһ£ⱲӶıɬ˵
ˮ̨վȻûзԣˮϽͷ
ˮɽֱӲ¸򵥵󷨣Ǵ˸Ĵ齡
ˮ̨սŵϣбڴϣʮȵģʱܽţˮܸܵ˫ֲ֪ķǰץ½󡭡
ˮʱǸоЦôţ˼ǸӣʮǰҲͷһβ̸ܿĻãһٵĶһЩӰ
ˮҲ뽫ӰԽҪУˮ֪ǰһΣҲܺŷֲԭ򣬲ȻԼҪܻӦ
ˮͷٴ㴽̨շֻҲĳɱˮĲӣˮĽ̨յ½⿪̨֪ûֹһֱѩ׵ļͦʱۡ
գۿǶƯ
ˮ͵أȻ˶󣬵ҲС״ۿһָպƿزˣ˵ķɢ
ͦû˿ΣΡΡɢ㣬ƽСҲû˼׸⡣
̨˫ץˮ˫·ۣԼǰȫ¶ǰһʱһ˵ĸоҺˮӣҲڼӿ졣
ˮַǽĸͦĸоˮӿ죬̨ո۾ѸٱϣˮûۣϾһΣԺлᡣ
ˮնֽ̨ĸˮͷĺסǶ˵飬òһ£̰˱˼£ֽҲͼʱµĽȻĲ
ˮܵ΢΢ֱȻţ΢ѹֵĽ˫ҧأԼ
ˮͷϴ˸ͬʱֱֽ̨һ
Ŵﵽ۷̨һβһҧŵҲɿˣǵĽȻǺȴ㹻ˡ
ʶıˮĲӣڶ廹йɵĳ鶯ţһζӿ
ˮֻֽ֣أͷУǹ⻬СûзŹһ˫ߣڲʱȴǷȻ·ʪˡ
̨ץסˮ֣ʱϼ˫գ˵ȻˣʱֱϢһ룬뻻·ץˮ֣뻻·
ʪˣ
ˮЦ
̨ɫˣҿˮҪ·ȵҡ
ˮ
Ҹղ治
ˮЦ˵
㡣
̨С˵
ҾͲȥ

̨С˵ƺһ
ҪһΡ
ˮ
УҲˡ
̨ոϽ˵

ˮһᣬ̨ջһ·ˮȥᱧȻɽС·ţ֪廢ɹ֮ȥģ뻹ٵһȣʱͿֱһ˶ϡ
֪
ȻˣɣһŬ׼ʱȥ廢ˡ
ˮЦ˵


2156 ħ˾ͽ
ţô궼ҲںһЩʱ䣬²Ҳ뿴ʲô顣
̨˵
Ҳǿģ̫ˣҪǺһһָͷѹǡ

̨¶һ˿ĵ΢Ц
ղŽеͷˡ
ˮЦ
˵
̨ʵ˵ĹͷˣղԼܶķ·ûйͷһҪιȥ
Ҫ֪ˮһ˫ֿЩֵŮ˶أûҲûϵˮ˫ԳٱȻϻֱȽг
˵˵ˣһñš
ˮ΢΢һţͶסβ
ˮڵȵȣڻܣܿҾͻˣʱġ
̨Ǹ˵
ˮЦˣûµģŮ񣬺һÿ첻֪ҪӲٴΣÿζҪ춼ڴϹˡ

ˮЩ绰ƺоᣬҲֻˮǰ˵Щ
ɲʥģÿŮҪ飬ǴУÿ˶ģգ˵ǽСӻѾͷ
ˮǺЦ
˭Ҫӡ
̨˵仰е廳˵ʲôо
㲻ϲӰ
ˮʵ
˵ƺҺңԶû
иСһﺰס
ˮЦ
̨һ뵽ԼСʱ뵽۰Լĸĸ
ḁ̊́ʮģѪϵѪǵĺӣ֮Ľᾧ
ˮı
ǻкӵġ
̨Цˡ
أңҸǿ¡
ˮ˾۱裬ɾ˪ǰʺϱϵ񽣡
̨հˮ
صõʱѾˣˮ̨ȥ˶¥һˮģ¥ŵġ
ˣ
ŵˮʱ˸к
֮ǰʱŵҲĄ̊́ʶˣʶҲԸˮϾ˼Ƿޡ
ԴкͳȥˣϾҲԼ飬鱨ôС
¥ң̨վռһ̨˵Ϣһᡣ
ˮЦŵͷ֪ˣһԷҽ㡣
̨һͷ˽ˮȻ֪ĵ٩
ˮǽɾ
óǰ˪ݡ
ˮһֱо̨õŮ̫֮ʺʹñ񽣣ȱһЩ񽣵
˪ݸоʺϵģŮװҪǷֿήˮʹһѵ뷨Ͼˣ˵ǲ֮࣬ǰ
ˮ˪ںϵŮ֮С
Ů֮ھ۱аһ¡
˪Ѿˡ
ʱͰŮ֮Žȥˣʱ䲻ɾеʱȴǹ˺ܳʱ䡣
ˮɾֹ˲һº󣬲óʼںϡ
һ˳ϾϹŶǺǿġ
Ů֮Ů֮ȴ˪ݵһԣǱˮϵһ
Ů֮Ͳڸʺʹñˡ
ˮٱ䣬һ㻹Ҫ졣
Ǻˮֵģٱ䲻֪ʲôʱ򴥷ʱһ£ʵʱ䣬ˮŪɾ־Ȼʱ䣬Ҳˮоٱ䲻Ȼɾʱơ
ˮڴһξ͸ôݷ֪һǲǻݷ
ˮϲľܰɽȥԼһ˾Ϊ̨ձˡ
ˮһӾ͹ȥ졣
ͬһʱ䰮УħŵħңƿħŵħңܾǰǱңڵıûˣҲ˵ǰǿֻǵ͵ˡ
ħֿϰãҵ׹ǵĵҩȻԺֻһȹ°ˡ
˾ͽǵĺӣǸ赵ôãֿðɣ뿴ôϵ𣿡
һĸ۵˵
Ϊ˾ͽħ˾ͽħŵƿصˣħҵļһģˣʱͷ־ȥ
ǣ
һݵ߹ȥ
ʮˣϾħ˵Ǵ£ڱħҵ˱˱ƵԿһȣ˭˭ⶼǴ²ܾˡ
֮ܿǰǸһֽС
ħ˾ͽ򿪣һ㴫һ㡣
ֻζѾ˳ˣħ˾ͽľҩȴҪĶˣⶫ˵ˣŮ˰󣬼ϱ˶֪ˣֱɱӣв٣ⵤҩȴֻţһһš
ħֿвʱɱ⣬ȻףȻҲǸײٺбȽģǸҪĸ׵ó裬ûκλġ
ллף
ħֿ˵ͷʱЩãЩ˵˸У飬ʱ


2157 ׹
һɫĵҩֻеСɢǿΧһȦɫĹΡ
ħ̷ֱֿȥҲһʱ䣬ħֿɫףͷһϸܵĺ飬嶼ڷ
׹ǲܣҧŹȥ
ħ˾ͽʱ˵Įûκεĸ顣
ûиоʲôģħ˾ͽһˣһħǱҲ̫㣬Ȼò˸оҲˡ
Ȼ̫ǳԣܴСţһϵ
ŴҾͿħֿһȾۿɼĳ̶ţʺѪ⣬ѩ׵Ĺγɡ
ħֿ·ϵһƬҶҡҡ׹ڷɪɪ
ʱ˴һӣħֿһѾȫγɣҩЧȫ㹻壬һȫԣȺ֮ǰ޶
ֿߣ
ĸ¶ϣɫ
ħֿĸ˵ͷף
ħֿվһʼϰߣܿͻָˣͬʱҲ֪϶˽ľĸףֻĸʲôʱ򶼲˺飬ĸײһȻףЩʱԼ۾գһµġ
ɴ߲Сڣҵ鱾͵Ϊ˼֮λү֮䶼ܷĿɳֵ֮ܽҲܵ
ͨЩħֿҲͲоһθóŵҩ˵Ǻ£ȻһζһλᣬǾƴһѣһҪվ۷壬Ȼǰװ׹һϣԼվ۷壬ƿر˵ɱȨñƿԼ
ˣûˣȥ
ħ˾ͽ˵ͷ뿪
½뿪еŸ˺ħֿкеֱӸ뿪ЩħŵҲǿҲûʲôħֿ΢ЦźЩ˵л
Ҵ竺ٻܵϲģϾǼˣһ㻹ǺݵģԶһֻ۱һֻۣ竵ֱϵ̫
ܳΪһȻڼʶ϶ǺԶģȻ󱲳Ժֲ˼ȡа˵аҲΪаҲԼɣЩ˾αӣСˣС˱αӺã̹ģЩģ˻²ҳϣ޻ǡ
ЩȻ٣ħҲãħаҲãΪԼûߴ
Уħ˾ͽ棬ʱֻ֮ǰˣʮӽˣвٶǱ׷ԲԵߡ
´ôǸˡ
ħ˾ͽֱ˵
ԷѾˣڱ˴Ů⣬Ǵɡ
һ˵
ұҪȫħŵӣڱ鵹˵飬ǱСȻĲԣȴӦ֣ħš
ʱһ۹Ϭ˵
Ŀ࣬Ҳģͷ·ţƺҲš
ħʨ˵¸ô죿
ħ˾ͽʵ
ʽ΢ȴΪƹԭǣرˣҪʲôҲ̫ҪħŵҪҲܴƽ⡣
ħʨ˵
ħʨֿ񣬵ȴ˼ϸȻħ˾ͽҲѯ˼ˡ
ħʨ˵Ķԣ̫ɹҲῴǺεģ̫ɹͷʢһһ˲żüãǸС
һ˴С˵
ǾħһǿľħͷСǣȥСɽ⻹СΣһսʱλᱩܶ౶һСɽܱһȭ򱬡
ţҲħŵ磬Ҳţ̫ɹСӻǿ˲٣ο廢ɹҲǵѣ廢ɹҲǲ̫ɹĴڣҪƴǿʤ󡣡һĿϵߣӲҵ˵
׻Խ󣬻ҲԽ󣬾ƴԷҲǿƴʱܾ˱̵Ҫ֪Χɲֻħźħʨ˵
˵ô죿׻ħ֪ԼҲ˵һʲôĺԼûйϵ
ΪһŮ˵ԭѾ֪ˣŮҲħߣǿҪҪŮˡħʨЦ˵
ЦΪŮ˱˴ˣŮ˽׻ħֱ˵Ǹֱӡ
ҵȻ֪Էˣǿ԰˵ȥʱ˵ǸŮħŵˣˣϾǸŮħ߲٣һԷˣȻͺܾˣټĻҵȻħ߽ȥһҲ˺ħŽӴǸ˺ǸŮ˱ϳȥĻǾ˻ˡħʨЦ˵



2158 ӦӦ뿪
˶оƲ߲Ҳǲ
ħ˾ͽͷ˵ĵλͣҸоᱻϳȥ
϶ᱻϳȥΪ˺пһ˵սǸϼһﲢͿȻ֪ܿϸϾǸŮħߣħŵˡ
ħʨҲͷ˵
ʲôô
ħ˾ͽЦ˵
ôеģǾ˵Ǳħŵ˵ģϾൽΣ˭֪⴫ȥǸŮħ֮󣬻ڱܶʧȥӵڮ٣ҲǺܲˬɣ˵ûܶ಻Եʵĳӡ
ããͰħʨĻ
ħ˾ͽĵ˵

ˮöÿ̨յķţѾϴһһ·֮ǰȻǻ·ϾйӣԻҪϴϴġ
ˮɫԾе죬뵽֮ǰԼģ̲ס뵽ԼǰǰôҲ뵽һһˡ
ˮסתһȦߣԵ㶫ȥ
ţ
̨һ˿˵ĸо֪ǲǰһλãλþԼΨһһУǰǸȻǸ𣬵ƺһ㡣
ǰԼʲôʱԼû˳ޣҲûһУʱԼĳΪ¶ˣ֪ǸʱԼôȥ
ܶʱ˾Ϊ˳޶һûˣҲ̱ˣ̱ˣǸʱᷢͻȻû˻ȥ
ѸҵϣõһˣɼͥԼŮһЩѣҵϲ飬ܶ˻ǿѸתġ
ˮŵһ԰ɡ
̨Ц˵
ˮԥһ£ã
ˮȥÿŵķţŵȥһԵ㶫ɣ
ܰɣŵЦ˵
ţ߰ɣˮЦ˵
գøƯˡŵЦ˵
У̨е㲻ȻЦ
ŶˣǱˮİɣŵЦ
ˮ˵̨һӺˣȻûкˮĻã֮ǰȴǱĲˣ˵ǸĹŮˣǱϾǾŮˣҲֻ˵Ƚϵһ㡣
˵ŵܲ˵ֵ㡣ˮ̨е޵ݸϽ˵
˵ˣ˵վҪˣŵǺЦ
ǷʲôôûҪˮס̨յ֡
úãǱһ˻оµġŵ

ڶʱŵҵˮ㡣
ˮһ㶣ͷȻȥ
ƽս񿴵ˮǺܿĵģЦˮ߽Ĵ֮Ժӣһ衣
ˮ֪ҽʲô𣿡
˺ͰЦ
үӣ治֪
ˮʵ˵
ʱʱˮûŵʲô飬ŵ鱨ˮоӦ֪ģûʣ֪֮ܿͻ֪ʲô顣
ħɢһЩϢ˵ħŵһŮǷޣ˵ħŵˡ
ƽսЦ˵
ʵƽսû˵ʲôˮħŹʲôģЦȻֱܷһЩα˵ɡ
үӣģҵӣҲħߣħŵˣħ֮ѪѾûˡ
ˮ˵
ˮȻûж೤ʱ䣬˫۾еģ㣬ʵǸ㣬Ҫܱ˵Ŀ
ƽս񻺻˵
ˮ֪˵⣬Ͼô˵ˣ˶࣬Ȼ˶ӣ˵µ˳Լ˳ˮܲԼ˵ʲôġ
İүӣʱ֤һеġ
ˮЦЦ
˻ս񡢰ɽս񼸸ˣţçǼȻҲ֪飬ˮͷˮħŵ𣿡
ˮ֪ǸĺӣǼǻˮҲǵԸЦЦǵģôմҲҺħŹ𣿡
ʹҡҡͷûлɣе֡
ˮЦĽյļ򣺡İɣԶ飬еħ֮ѪѾʧˣѾʮķˣħŵˡ
ˮҲֻܰѻ˵žֻܵʱˡ
ɽսȼ˵Ҳˮкһ˿ɻ󣬱ϾˮһĻħ֮ѪŮˡ
׳嶯Ůǰ˵ëͷСӣһЩ֮߶ѳֲסȻкܶ˻ɵġ
ˮҲû뵽һΪ̨һЩ⡣
ˮûа⵱¡
ȥʱˮŵ̨ڿ˵ûκεı仯ˮЦ߹ȥŮ档
ŵҸò뿪


2159 ̨ͻƣٱ
ˮЦ˵ΪʲôҪ뿪
ŵЦ˵
֪
ˮ˵
Ҫ뿪ħŵЦˡ
ŵЦ
ɺܶʱǱЦҲ뿪ҲʲôҲΪܵί
ˮ˵
İɣòܵκίˣʲô飬ҲǱˣò˽ͻףʱģȺӦٶ۵ļһ
ŵҲе˵
ˣħžȻС
ˮҲеΣ˵ɱ˲Ѫ
̨û˵ʲôҲǺܸߣŵ˵˼֮ͻˡ
ˮǲ
̨Сʵ
ôᣬô˵أǼһﶼǿֱԺܳħţղҾұϣʲôҲҪ£Ҿίʱ¿ƲסҴ뿪Ҫڴ뿪ء
ˮЦ
ˮ
ˣҪˣⲻǸʲô飬ҲĬĬţ˵ֻ죬ҲǸ
ˮٺЦ
û
㣬ϲϲ
ˮȫµŲ֮̊ա
̨տûʲô仯ĳɢһ˿Ϣȴоһ־͸оһ·Լֱһ
һɱϢ壬һĸоȻеı񽣵Ϣһ˲嶼һ˿΢ı仯һ
ͻȻоܶණƺͨˣĹ˱仯ǣ񼶱ǡ
ˮȥ
̨˵
ˮ˵ֱӵ˲û͵ɽɽ̨ոое죬Ů֮һ˿УȻʩչ
˿
񱩱ѩ


һ˲ɽһ㣬һѽ·ÿλӽһµһϡ
ȻˮѾ˵ҵơ
ˮţ̨һͻҲţұˮƺ΢Զһ㡣
ˮЦˣǱٴμˣʺĽϣ˪ݵŮ֮ġ
̨ڿвϵʩչɽɽ֣֮֮Ļ
ʱ̨֮ͣڿУʱվڱɽУ޵գۼıɽŮ
һΧһʧˣ̨ջˮǰʱϵıϢ֣ˮû˵ллˮȵǰסˮĲӡ
ˮס
ˮûʲôıţ˺Ů˲ͬ˸ϲӾϵĳ嶯Ϻ°嶯
ŮǺܶʱϲĵĽӵȣȻЩ޵⡭

ˮ̨ȶÿ춼̨֪ȥˣˮɾмĿŰٱ䣬ΪٱĶҪˡ
ʱﵽһ̣ˮֱӴˣˮЦˣһεĶһεĶḻҲ󣬶ҲˮҪݷҲ
һˮепٱ·ΪһǰɾԼЩҩһ֮ܶ䶼һЩĪϵ
ˮŴӰٱóĶϲȻǲ˵ˡ
ʵʮţǱܵʮţɳʮţݷʮʮΪʮĸʯһţʯһţٶȷʯһţָʯһţʯһţʯһţԷʯһţܷʯһš
ˮڿĵݷʮʮһξô࣬ˮܿģ֪ʹöһʯ
ʯӰٷ֮ԣһʯӰٷ֮Ӱٷ֮壬˵ʯӰٷ֮ģǶķʯһʯĻӰٷ֮һԡ
ܵ˵⡣
ʵǱһԼɳʮţһʱһˮ˾ʮˣһֱûãⶫЧ㲻
ʵÿһſٷ֮һʣ޺඼ʹãûƣųһֱա
ǱܵǱܣֱʵҲǰٷ֮һûƣֱ岻գһԭǿӰٷ֮һʵһʵһžһʵ
ɳ츳ģǿһһ˳Ϊţûٷ֮һ츳ɳˮһͨ˳ΪŲ֪Ҫٵĳɳ
ˮһֱûʹãԾţһΪֻʮĿţˮĿȥ
ΪÿΪ
ܣΪͳǿޣƽƽ


2160 ʵ
Ȼ֪Ӷ٣ˮǺܿĵģʮĿţЩʵʲôҪ˲٣ˮоӦñЩҪһЩɣ˵ûпɱԡ
ЩˮͲˣھͿʮݷϴʣµģһʮˣżֻҪ˸ʮо۱ԭԽʡһ롣
ˮЩŽ˾۱УˮʼУתƣٿطɽ
ܵ˵ˮڵʵǲģ˶תҲһɱﵣϾⶫӷһЩǿӷҲûá
ˮĻƽսȻֻսУӹһ붼ӹƷˮĻƽսʵֻһ㣬иԡ͸ЧһСľԡ͸ЧֲܿҲƽսĵط
͸ЧӷӿֲǸ⣬ʺСȻҲ̫ˣҲǺܲģؼʱֱӽս
ˮʮǱܵǱֱܵʵģÿӰٷ֮һûƣʧȥЧٷ֮һʵȫģˮԣΣ
һȥһ̩ͨĸоʵ˰ٷ֮һʵģʱġ
Ȼһţһֱʮ֮ˮֵʮ˲ٷ֮һڰٷ֮ˣˮٳһţһֻаٷˮٳˣڿȷÿ˾ǳʮţԵڶʮŹƾͻȫʧЧ
ٷ֮ʮȫʵˮо㲻ﵽ˲İʮķе٣ֻ
ʤޣˮǺģȻʵ
˵ٷ֮һʣ޺඼ǿʹãû˵֪ǸʲôԳһţȻͷĸоһָоĸоȻͷԭʼ˰ٷ֮һ
ˮԭʼʵʮһղŵǱܴܵﵽʮ
һγʮֻ֮ûʲô仯ˮֳʮţоˣԼٳЧۿۣԲˣԭʼıʵ˰ٷֶʮǱܵӵһ
İٰʮķ
ˮųɳûκηӦͲˣû³Ϊˮĵǣƺһһʵٳ֮͸о½ˣˮͣеơ
ڵЧģѾͻﵽʮɽҲͻ
ˮ֪ܿԼʵһЩϾݷзʯµˮֱӰѷʯǶȥֱ֮ǰķʯ֮ǰٷ֮ﵽڵİٷ֮壬صģоֻսʱܸо
ʱѾʱˣҹлûпʼˮ̨մҳƺҪű˵Ҫţ
ȥ㶫
̨е㲻Ȼ˵
ȥ
ˮ˵
Ķʺȥ
̨ղ˼˵
߰ɣԼȥҲģʱ㡣
ˮЦ˵̨֪ȥʲôŮˣʲôġ
ºܷǰҪǿܶ࣬ıƾ汪ơ
̨ûм֣ͷ
·ϵĹʯȥһҵ֣ĵĸߵҵֵ֣ＸҲ˵ĶȻĶҲõģװꡢꡢסҩĵȣ￪ĶʵģϾ۵Ķ˵ùȥġ
ˮòﲻǺԶˮоԼġ
ͻȻˮоһ˿ĸоȻ̨գʱ̨Ҳü΢壬ڵľˮ£ȻҲоˡ
ߣ͵ʲôҲûзȻҸƧĵط
ˮ˵
ˮĺͰеĶһսܣˮܻûסԼ̨ϻԼʥʯָ
ָܣ׷ɱ͵ϮǺܺõĶ
ᴩҵ֣һֱһ԰ĵطȻͿһ޴ĵֱӽˮ̨סҾˮ̨յΧ˿ֲ硣
磬ֲ޷ݣһϻƽսʵǿ߷
ˮס̨գȻ˳תֱȥʱ޴ĵֱնС
ͣˣˮԶһеˡ
ͷ¶βΪħŵˣ޻ħŵˣ
ˮЦſŶˣԷûκεħ
ȥɣ
˵Ǹɴ࣬һֱˮնȥ޴ĵʱһѪɫľһŴǿĿгˮ̨ա


2161 ǿĶתƣ
̨붯֣ˮȴֱһ΢Ķܣ΢ˮڿԽ΢õܸĳ̶ȣպûйĵطȻֱʹ˴ûʹùս
תƣ
һϽɫĹӰǱ޺һĶֱӳ˺ˣžˮˡ
ž
ȻͿǸֱӱ鱬ˣʲôҲû£һ˿΢ϢûУҲûѪζ
̨Ҳһ㶣⹥Ҳ̫ǿˡ
ˮֻһ£ˣ˵ʵǿˮһεĶתƴ˽ӽĹˮڵķͻĴأҪӷĹ鱬ȻǺġ
ˮʽһԼʵڵķļԼ֮󷨵ȣѾһոµ̨ףˮͼܿԼͲøо̤ʵˡ
תƵĹӷұУԷԵֵֵסи룬ȻǱУڹǮ˳תƵĹ뷶ΧĻȻöתʧЧ
ٱҲǾԵģֻһԵģûоԵһ
ˮ̨˶ͻȥˣˮ̨չҹеģҲûˡ
ŵʲôˣˮ֪ħ֮Լʲôˡ
ˮս̨ħ黹ڴȻкܶ˵лͳڱϣˮȻᵱ£һҲ˵˵ֻҪƽս񲻿ûܸԼߡ
һ챱ˣһαûб¶κεȾƣ
ˮЦã
ˣǰ˵ӺƯû뵽ġ
Ц
ˮڷŪЩƲˣ̨Ҳˣ󿴿ˮ
գҸ£ҺǺѣֵܣ˭˭ǵ֪ܲ
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֪ǿĻƵ˵
һ̫ɹٹԵʹ֮ⱲֲңָоǽˮøĿԺܴ
ã
̨ƽĻһ䣬ûжɩӵĳƺоʲôӦ
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ˮоܻĵСӾȻùá
ǳȻҲвŮˣ˽ˣео㻹ҹùã˸оͲ䡣
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ƺŷ̨ˮŮһεЦɩӣǸûв˼ǷˣƯŮ˶йϵ
˵ˮ
ˣҪĨˣ˵ɣʲô飿
ˮֱʵ
ҹù˵ɩˣҪⲻȸ˵һ
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һҪˮҲûиоʲôű𣺡֣
¹ùúɩӶˡ
ε˵
ˮҲǣϾ̫ɹħǶģ̨ղô˵ħߣħ
һ뵽ˮֲ̫˽ħ𵽵Σе׻ӡŶٵ
ʱˮ̧ͷ¥ݿڣһޱӰ
ͬŮװƽһ˿ͬա
ŮһȻǶŶԷˮһͷԣϽվ
һħߣ뿪
̨˵
󣬹ˣ
ˮüͷ
ǿˮһ̨ۣգҪǿħ֮ѪΪˮħ֮Ѫˣȵʱ㽫Ϊǿħ˵ʵڶɱ㣬ΪԺ㽫һħͷ
һˮͷ֪ô֪ģҲˮŷֵģԼħ֮Ѫȼˣұ֮ǰǿ
̨յƺиٻȥȥһطΪǿߣԸԼ顣
ˮ̨յɫ֪Ҫ⣬Ҫֹ
ʱ̨ȴЦˣ˪ⶳˮˮԺʲôҶ㣬ΨһˣһֱиطָңҶζȥҸĸҵĵطȥˡ
һģˮˣҲµġ
˵óһʯͷ顣
ĸĶܵˣʹá
˲ӰһȦɫĹȦΧһһ̨տˮвᣬһ˿ޣˮܣ̨ջӻʧˡ


2162 Ϊǿħط
ֻ˵仰̨ո˵˾Լ뿪ˡ
ˮҲǺޱ֪һĻһ죬ֻһǰˡ
ǲǺҵ
ˮʵ
ûУֻǸоҺ֮ѣһżȻʱһǸޱС꣬Ȼʼ׷ѰĽŲ˶ʮ㿴Ӱʮʱ䣬ڲϣѾˣ֪һ´֪ʲôʱ򣬲֪ٴʲôӣ
ˮɬ˵
ˮȻû˵ҲܸܵˮеĿɬҲܸܵһ˶һŮ˵İҲܸܵˮΪŮ˸Ŭ
뿪ҲǶԵģͱħ߲һҲҪ̫ġ
󿴵ˮİο
һ߰ȣԼùʲôʱˣԾȵĿű
򱱻𣺡СӣʲôǲƤˡ
Сãһˡ
˵ֱҲƵ뿪ˡ
ˮҲǸпû뵽ôŮˣԼǶʱ䣬ҲˣԲɵЦˡ
Цʲô
ˮЦЦɫ˵һ䣬Ȼֽͱʱе㲻һġ
Ů˾Ȼô˺㣬񣬲˲òࡣ
һûԷ
˵
ˮ̾ȥ
ˮԹСŮһҲ̲סЦˣǳЦݣȴĲմ
ÿЦԺЦЦ
˵ˮ߽
ҲԼڱ仯ȻΪ˾٣ȴǽķԼȥҲãԼɹپûκˡ
ٷˮͱ˳ԣ̨յ뿪ˮȻﲻǺܿģЩҪˮԼѸԼʵֻԼʵˣŴ
ŷˣˮþƣˮԵĲ࣬󲿷ʱ䶼ٿԡ
ԵĺţǰЩŮеΪ֮еȻʵŮǱһҲԵÿɰᣬӾЧ
ʲôôԡ
ƤҲ̧˵
˵ɣﲻΪ˼Ӱɣ
ˮԵĲʵ
ȥѱһֻޡ
еľƱ̧ͷˮ
ˮһ㶣ôҲû뵽Ȼ飬ʵʲôޣ
ط
ˮһ㶣طˮ֪ģҲǴ˵еĶ½˵еĶǴڵģȽϡ٣ǱȽǿ
طǷеǰһ֣˺һִ߲࣬ˮȵȣҲǣ߲ʷˣȵȣˮĵ˾ǻһ֣ǵ֮
طǻһ֣Ļ˵Ǵ𣬾˵˴˵е߲ʷ֮⣬ûǸ˿ʤطġ
ˮڻųǿĿԣеףʵ𣿡
ţطҲûаգһֱԥ
ʵڶеԥ
ûУ
ҡҡͷ
ǻ᲻ᱻֱӿ졣
ˮЦ˵
˵ģҪԼȥ
ˮһۡ
ҲֻһԼǰÿˣǰҲ뵽Լǰô̹Ȼ˵ǲҪ˵Ҫ뵽ԼҪԼ㰮һ治֪᲻ָ
ţСŮҲˣϲ
ˮűСŮһ̲סЦˡ
ֱվҳԱˡ
˵Ҫ뿪ˮϽס˭˵Ҳˡ
֣
ˮԼ˾Ȼֻ֣ø
ɿߣҲû㣬㲻Ҫ뿪ң㲻ʼ
˫ȵĿƷˣʱоԼоֻüƷݡ
ˮЦɿʲôʱ
ˮڶŮҲſˣЩķչƺ治ԼȻͷκˣһЩһ㣬˵һûźͺá
죡
αطˣǱҪ޸ңȻ̫µˡ
ˮ˵
ã
˵
ɲԶ˵һ֣ÿζһ֡
ˮűƽ
ԣ

ԾѾʼˣŵûлӦúܿ죬ˮԾŵ˵³ȥһˣҪġ
ڶˮͱǰǧɽ
ǧɽڱҲڱ򣬶ǸҪһ޴ɽȺͦεĴɽһؽһأ·ûоͷһ
һ޴յأǧɽҲкܶðߣȥȴǺٺ٣ȥľǱȽĵططûġ


2163 ʮһ
ʱˮȷʵѽһЩ飬Ǿ޴ɽһ㣬ǶôֲС̲ظǿ
ˮͱǧɽȥֻ֪λã֪ʲôطǰÿɽʷʲôģھݴ½ûֵɽʲô̫ˡ
طڵɽȲû֣ǺѣֱӸǿ޵λãȻѰȥǲǡ
취еðգȴǺЧ
ʮﴦиǿļһ
ˮЦſű
ѾǵˣطЩǴһĴڣˮͱҲǵùЩȻȥˣ³ȻͲ˵ˣֱӱɱ
ҲˮһμŮýֻþݣĽɣһˮֱͨľ𣬾ûٶҲ£ȻһķΧնɱĿꡣ
ǿǰʲôģǿǰСףֻԵʵ
ˮָо֪ЩʵǿյģҲãֻǸоûΪֳԼ̫˵ĻûˣȻǲ˵ģԼֻһֵȴǿҶֵʵԼǿ󡭡
Ǹһ־磬ֱӼԼʵǽ֮ҵԷֱӷһ
ãһǵĻǾҡ
˵
ˮͷʮĵطȥ
ʮҲ˲䣬ǿĴڵʱˮܾȣܹŹֵĿ˿ƽŮˣһΣһֻ޴һޣȴǳһž޴ͷ
ʱž޴ļһںһֻͬ޴޽䣬һֻ޴ϣĶˮ״֡
ĿԿ̣ˮ죺󣡡
ˮʹĵһۣȻŤͷߣˮͷҲ֪Ϊʲôֻǿ޾Ȼûжܡ
ҵһյطˮͱͣһߵأܹ⻬紵Ҳ
˾ҹһαԴˡ
ˮԼҲȥˣһֻҹֱӽɾ
һɾˮͽݷ˳Ķʱ˾۱С
Ȼʼɽ
żɹ
ʮɹ
ʮһɹ
ݷոʮż˰˸ʮʮʮһʮʮݷһ
ʮһ磬ˮܿģɽǿˣϬˣٶҲˡ
ǽɽ
ʮһ
üгԱܵ˺һɣս
ٷʮһĻָٶȣӶʮйӶʮзӶʮĶ˺ٶܵĶʮ˺ټܵ˺ٷ֮ʮһ
ˮܿģɽǹӵЩȻڵˮ˵ӵǵе㼦ˣж˺Ͷļǲġ
Ҫɽüܵ˺ﵽɶһ㡣
Ǻֲܿģͻ֮еһˡ
οڵɽ绻ܸߣҲǲˣˮڿԸܵɽϬһ޼᲻ݵϢһɽˮǰڿӵĴ磬Ӱʵʧ
ˮ㣬ɽͻֱ֮ӷϵԷĳɵ࣬ˣս⻷Լһʲôģ㹻Էˣʮһ磬ʮ֮ɽֱһ޴ĵΡ
ٶȱ֮ǰ˽͸Ҳƻڴ̳Ҳ
ڵˮ˵˺ͷɽĹҪģˮڸо̫Ҫʤޣô˵㡣
ˮĵ˹Զ˯СǶƤ˯
СһԻرܸͨܵˮ飬ڿˮˬ˹ˮ֪СһҪԵģСǳģˮȷʵģֱЩԵģСһЩȻԼһЩȥ׼ͱһԡ
ʱʱȥã񿴵վһɽ˴Լƺһĵһ
ˮ߹ȥ˳ĿֻɫȴǸо񲢲ڿʵʲôأô񣿡
˵Ϊµһʲôô
ͷˮʵ
ôµһ
ˮһ㶣ԭŮãˡ
ôŬΪʲôµһΪ˴ˣһ죬Ϊʲô
ʵ
ŬΪ˲۸еŬΪ۸ˣǿŮҪǲǿļﲻǿ󣬹Ʋ֪ء
ˮҲǺ˵


2164 ҪŮ˵ζ
û뵽һһﶼܳһЩ˺ϡÿжԼļУԼĶеΪػֿˣеΪػԼ飬ǲϵǰΪסеļУС㣬ںʲô
ˮЦ
ҵļﲻҪػûǶһĲǺܵģỼûʧһô̿Ϊʲô
еʵ˵
û룬ûһֱû˵ÿŮжһΣĹ֪Ĺʲô
ˮڱޱȵ˲֪ûŮе롣
Ҳ֪ǰʲôȴǷԼһУҲûʲôΪŻое㲻֪Ϊʲô
ҡҡͷ
ˮʲôѧңҲûʲôõİ취ȴǺƤȥס֣С㣬ҿôҪŮ˵ζ˵Ůܴ֮ᷢı仯
ȥ
һһ䡣
˵ģľͲǿʴһζ
ˮջ
ˣûˣ׼£ȥط
˵
ˮеĶӸоŮˣҲı仯ȻСȴǱǰҪḻˣˮһǰҪǰЩˣӴ˺٣˸٣ҲǴкΪ߶ϵģЩҲһܾнֵı񣬽һչ֡
ЩڱСһ㣬ˮǰƺû˿ʣǸץأһʵ˺һᣬҲһץ˺üѣɱһ
Ҳԭ¶İ󵨵ļһϾҪˣҪɹ٣ο˻Ǹ׼ƼģԸ׵۹⻹ǺĵģǲẦġ
ˮĴϵı»ǺǿģҲ֮ǰҴ󵨵˵һЩԵ߸һЩʶĻ
½ɱֻһ㶼Ǳ֣ˮǿ̫񽣱𱱻ǿʵ̫ˣˮǷˣ۷״̬Ȼ治ҽӡ
һǰʱˮʶгһȵϢиĹ㣬ˮʶǿ󣬺رʶΧĸܵһЩǿĴڣ֪ԷԺһЩΡ
ǿԿúʾһԸܵʶһˣһˣûĿģһμӣμӡ
ˮֻطӦþطˣֻܿһ˵δʵߵıĹƺҪǿһ㡣
ˮס˱֣Ҳ֪ǵڼˣԱҲˣֻҪٹ֣־ѡ
ܵûطӦþ
ˮָָ
ܸܵϢǿĻԡ
˵
طǿһ㣬ûʲôɱﵣطҪɱﵵĻǻ᲻ᱻ졣
ˮ˵
ܲܲҪǱ죬þͶġ
ˮһۡ
ֲܿƣѧ˵ˡ
ã˵ǻ᲻ᱻˮ˵
ðɣǿɣ˵һ䡣
ĬˣСûз֣ԽԽŮˡˮЦ
ұǸŮˣʲô˼ݺݵĿˮ
㻹ŮˣǸŮˮ˵
Ҫ⣬һҪһ١ָƽ˵
ֻҪңҾץǲץˡˮһȻɫ
ɫߣ쵰ͦضеˮһҡҷ
СЩʵǿһ˵ģˣǳˣҲҪץҪУҪбȫ
Ȼɫѵõĺˣˮֱˣˮһ㶣۽һ˿Ц⣺Ů˾Ȼˡ
ط
ˮֻɫĴϺ͵˲ֻֻ࣬ǻɫȼܵĻ棬գ˫չӽǧ״Сʱˮͱ

һ߿ķ𣬻ʣĻȻûнԶľջ٣Ͳ˵ûΣ˵Ѿôﵽ˼¡
࣬ΪʲôҪ
һö
һŮȻûбгǺ
ҡ
ֱ˵
Ҫѱң
öЩˣطĴڣȴҪѱ裬ȻطбѱģޱǿĴڣǱѱҲž޴ĺôǰ˵ʵԼھȻҪѱԼ
ǵģ
ֱӵķʽ
ˮʱѾս⻷ʲôģѾʹˣˮҪǷıǹٶȣñҲǾһȻ֪ˮ


2165 ѱط
뵽ͻƹսΪʲôʤˣȵĿˮһֹۣˣˮˮҲõ˱ϡ
ÿʱÿ̶Ӱˮͷ·ǱһǲӰΧĶҪˮˮ֮󱱻ɫӾˡ
ӵΣܵ˺İٷֶʮһͿֲˣ൱ڽͶԷٷֶʮһĹ
ܶ˶ѱңڶѾΪ˻ҽҲˣǻ뿪ɣطٴ
ǼȻ׼гģԶʱ֪طﶼѱ˵
޵һԱѱҲ֣һ׼Ҫǿܶ࣬оҸԵõķչطȻͱ
Ǵɣ˵
ʵҵŮ˻кôġˮʱ˵
ʲôô
ԺһһǿˡˮЦ˵
Ժ˵طֱ˵
ʵھһ㡣ˮٴ˵
ӮˣҿԿһ£ӮңҲסοܴܲӮҶ˵طϵʼۡ
ְɣ
ط˵ӰһĲӰһһĻ˹ȥ
еĳֱӴӰӰһбѾ֮ǰĹ켣
ˮ۾һǾ磬Ȼǿ
ˮֱһ֮˹ȥ
طһƺܵԼĹϬȴǲ֪ΪʲôͻȻо½ɣﾪȣֱܲĻǿҡ
ˮܵطϵٴˮ֪ԼʵĹʵˮģҲ
̫ҷɹ⣡
ǹã
⣡
һĽӰ·һ㣬Ӱ·𻨴еĺһڽӰ裬ڻɶһ㣬ʱǾ飬Ů񣬾Ȼһʱպѹطһ
طﳯ
һȭĻһĶΧӣΧӵĶһֹˮһӰǶȴǺֹˣʱҲҴ⣬ֱһһõϡ
оҪ⣬о·̶һط﷢ɱﵣһϬһĻɿ
׼Ӳʱ򣬸оӯѸ˳ȥеĳֱӴһĻ
̫ҷˮ
Ȼ֪ˮģֽӲĸо˲ʵʱˮֱһһطϡ
Ȼطʵֱӽ˺ܶ࣬һٵֵеˡ
ˣôˡ˵
طȻܲ˾ǰˣȻ࣬ΣǸҲٻᱻˣǴԻ͵ģƽʱһֻսʱŻữɱ壬սܷӳǿʵ
ˣĻʽǲٵģʽǲҪģȻƽȣҲǿԺ׵Ľܡ
ҴӦ㡣ط˵Ļе㲻ġ
һ϶ֱӣαǾǣǾͲǣֻҪ˭ǲᱳѵġ
ȻЦһ㵱õѡ
ɹˮóϹǱܵʵʲôģȻ࣬رĶ˱ط
ʱطѾΣһʮķٸׯһȹˣ־ͽط
ϹЩֵܳĵҩǱطҲޱȣرϹⶫѹģһʼóϹƶôˡ
ԲȻͻȥˡ
ӻҪǰߣˮٴλصϰߣǾȥãúܶ˶֪ʼҵĴСƺϲõǸҽ
Ϣˮֱӳˣ֮ǰҽ֮Ҫˮ֪մС㡣
̨Ѿ뿪һˣˮȻȴǲ֪ȥӦþһҶȥĵطɣҡҡͷЩꡣ
ˮÿ춼ҪһˣϺͱ鱻ķзһʱ䵹룬ҲúܶſˮȻбģҽġ
ˮо
տʼоŮǲ˵ģǶʵĹҲ䲻ΪԸ̫ˣȴֱˣһŮϲ˵ģǸҲΪԼˣرһЩ֮ԾŰˮױȥԼòŮҲñ˵õ
һ˵һ˵Σ˾ŮŮ˺ܶǲϣ˵ģŮǱģǲԱȾָġ
Ϣ֮Ҳż죬ˮͱȴʮμˣ϶Ǳˮӳȥֱ¡


2166 Ǩ㣬ʳ̻
ʱ֤һУµʱ䣬Ҳ֪ǲΪ̨ʧԭѾû˵ЩϢʵ̨ղ뿪ôʱȥ֮󣬹Ҳʼô˵
ȻΪҲһЩ˶ˮʲôʱҲǿˮ͵Լںܶ˶ỳˮһЩۿ׶ġ
ȻЩ鲻治⣬Ǳʵ⡣
սߣǼħ߾ֱɱֻǶڰЪʮħŻֱɱܶʵԵģħĴһ̶ϱʾսĴڣȻھͷһ
ǶԪعɣŮˣ˻ˣΪߺߣֻбȽԲŻзչʳⶼһֹ
ʱˮҲսӹŹ˻олս񣬾һЩáʱҲûΪԼ⣬оûбҪ壬˵磬Щ治ʲô
ˮԼ֪ѾôʱˣˮڵʵҲ˺ܶ࣬ԸоͨǰҲã׳ҲԴ
ˮȥһڻҲ̵ܶʱ䣬ԾˣʹȥȶˣˮŵչãԾѾԶһˡ
ҪȥһΣ˿֮ҪҽˮͽܻǺģв硣
ʦһģ·СģԾ˵

ˮͻƽվս˴кȻҲкûߣߵʱٵϣŮǸʳߡҲȫʳߣǺٳ⣬Ե㺣ʲôġ
壡
ˮ˴سǣȻֱӻص˱
Ϊˮ׼ȥŮս񣬲֪᲻ǰˮ׼
ͨȥٺǣôʱûлؼҵȻҪؼҿ
ͨԼҲȥҡ
ͨ˺ܳʱ䣬ȻҪȥһǣˮûкһ·õһʱȥǡ

պѾڱˣϴѾǺܾ֮ǰˣһҶ庮ҷǵʵѾԵֵһ棬ԲǺܵģοôʳտһ¡
ļүӵʵҲǺܲģʳʵڱʲôҲֻٰһ£պȥʳһ¡
ʱˮҲֻ˵һ£̤ʵһ㣬պôƾڵʵǸûмԶպġ
˼Уˮں޲ϵպ
ˮٶȣûжþ͵պպˮһǰ࣬Ӧûзʲô顣
ߵſڣһСһƯŮˮȴ֪ǸкԼĺӡ
㣡
ˮƺܾȣôʱѾʶˮˣȻ뿪ܾãҲһཫʱ䣬Ҳѡ
ʱһ
ˮŮˣŮҲˮ
һϮѩ׵£վؼһȾֲʳ̻浾˳ԣԶôİƺᷢŭȴһֳȻľˡ
ˮ΢΢ȣ¶˿ĵЦݣߵ
ף㿴һҶ迪ĵ˹ȥ
һҶɫ˵Ҹˮ뱧ģڱ˽ȵˣȵǵҲûа취ǿĵȥһӽһҶһ
ˣһҶ΢Цˮͷ
ţ裬ˡˮһҶоһ˵㡣
ǵһҶ˵
ȴǰһҶ軳ﲻˮ
ˮεЦЦϴʱԼںԼˡ
ˮóдԵģҲܿ͸ıСһһЩӡ
ûһᣬ庮ҷǻԼ嶼ˡ
ˮȻһģˮһıǣ趼ˮ
ˮҲѾ·⣬СһﵹǳĺգȻ庮ҷᣬȴû˿ᣬˮܵǿȻСǸš
ϾǾʺ;ʵںĺӡ
һѣˮԼĿǰڵλ˵ˣû˵Ҫȥ˵Ҫͨ˹ȥ
ˮ׼պᵽʵ˵ĵطܽһںһ½ء庮ҷʱ˵
ǹպȻûںϣʵںѾûκˡ
ˮͷҲãʱֱӾͽкȻˡ
ŮЦŵͷʱ˵ҼɲԻں


2167 ŮˣǧʳԼս
ĻˮЦ˵һֻŲֻ
һںˡֱ˵
Ӧÿԣʱȥʵˮ֪費ôϲЦҲͲ٩ˡ
ˮ۳㻹̡̨读кҪǶ˶󡣡庮ҷʱ˵
ǺܺãˮЦ
е֪ҪܿڣǾˡ庮ҷЦ
ҲԸ飬ǶԼ飬̫ðɣˮ˵
ʵһʼҺ˽Ӱˣ뿪ˣҲչ֮ǰţһѼ˶۹˵òá庮ҷˮʵ
֮ǰҲ뷨Ҿ޶ǵʵ޵£ʱƫԶһĵطȽϰȫˮԼĹ˵˳
ЩҲˣڵʵǿǵʵҲѸٷչ㽻ǵ󷨣ǲʲôˡ庮ҷЦ˵
Ů˱Ǳһ𣬻Ϊû˵ǰˮЦˡ
Ҳôǵģɡ庮ҷˮ
ˮ룺Ը⣬ȹҪ̫ˣǴվȽţʵǿˣԼһЩҲҪȫһ𣬼ͲҪˣôҲǸٹ̣ϰˡ
ˮûдĸǰԺԼʱͿǣҲԴһʱ䣬ЩԺ˵
庮ҷͷţҲС
º۳ǾȻˣԭѶˣ⵹ˮ⣬ǺܿģѾ̫ûˮˣޱϤ˶еİˡ
۳˫䣬Ʈʱɿ˫۾ȻﲢûźӣǶڼ˺ܶ࣬Ӵ˵ҲʼһҲôǵĸס
ҹ˹ңˮģοػƽʱ̵ҵС
ˮס۳ҲеİŮˣ֮伸ۣҲ޳Ǿࡣ
ûУ
ˡ
ˡˮЦ˵
仰ܴ󣬵۳ıˮﶼ롣
𣿡ˮ˵µİﶥС˶
ˮоԵĹŮһ˿¶ȣˮֱס촽ʹһ
ˮ㲻ƽǸռʱҲûǣһôôϻ졣庮ҷЦŴȤ
ˮεЦЦŮ˺ͻǾû˵ʱǿʲô˵һʱ款ˮҲܷ졭
ˮס㣬ͬһ£̨̻к䡣
ˮȻ֮Ӧñ֮ãҲҪиǿ壬֮ˮõʱֻܿʱ乻õ㲻ǡ
ˮ˵۳ĲӣһֱͦεŮ壬У˫ָõ۳ֹһѾһƬŢ
ǳˡˮЦ˵
۳ˮһѾ֪ʲô˼֮ˮ꣬ˮǸȥ뻬Ⱥĵطʼϲ˶
Ǩ㲢̫ѣҲ򵥣ȹȥҺõطȻһһȥˮǺͼŮһȥãٺǵá
ϵʱͨ˶ڣˮߵŮʱˮĴָ
ˮֱӣȻԼһĵ˵һЩ飬ϾܳʱûȻвٵĻ
ܲҲһٺʳãû˸Ҷã˵һԶҽܱ֤һûû֣԰ͽûء
ڶˮǵȥļүӣļүӵʱüͷչˮȴرĿģˮá
ʽҲڣˮЦ˴күӺã
úãˮʵɲˡʽĵ˵
һļүֱ˵ǧʳ϶ͻˡ
ǧʳˮס
ϼһһֱǶͷⲻͻƾҪֵʳ֮һĽ򣬴ʳֻһСطǧʳļү˵
ˮҲ⣬һʾʵͻˣǶֲѹôȻһֱǶ֣Բ֣Ϊ˵׼ԷǿˣѹԼʱͲˣʮӶʮ
ʵôĵóЩûʲôҪǸ⣬óˣ̫ˡļүӿЦ˵
ǲãǻôˮЦˡ
ǻᷢսûӭսһᶪˣǲΪҪǵ򣬾Ϊôʳˡļү˵
ǽźˣ򡣡ˮЦ


2168 Ůʣ
ˮĻļүЦˣû뵽ʱˮºˣһϼһ
ˮʱǺ죬˵һЩʮ飬үӵҲǺܿġ
֣ˮȴǻҪȥһˣѪŮʣȻﲻˮоУԿԺܿ쵽
Ǳ֮ˮʩչеʥɽ
һǰûмʥˮȵһǰʥɽѾȥ¥գѾûˣˮü֪﷢ʲôµĺۼʲôս
վɽˮŹͺͺʥɽҲһ˵ĸоͻȻ˼ˮûжһӰ֣ˮɣ
ˮһ㶵ͷǣ
ŵģ㣬ʱŽ㡣
Ǹӣˮһźˮӹֻм򵥵һ仰ˣܺãԱԼԵټʥ
ô֪ˮˮоӴ԰׳ա
ҵģΪϳ㡣˵ӹһȻ뿪ˣкҲû
ˮһԼĻʥģʥĻǲģΩΩФȻԼҲƵϴʦˡ
𻭣ˮֱѪŮȥ
ûʲô仯һƬĵѪŮģֻˮегǳأкܶѪŮأѪŮֻвֱͳ죬ѪŮʿ֧ѪŮ
ѪŮ뱾ֻһѪŮأ֮ǰȺСԾѪŮҲһСΧѪŮһΪѪŮʣôʲôҲͱˣѪŮλˣҪһΧѪŮҲܵӰ췢仯ʲôġ
һֹѪŮĹ
ˮϵϤɽȿڵʱǰģԿˮ֪Ůʵˣȥͨˡ
ʣµһ߳ã
ѪŮᣬܳ欣˫˸о֮⣬ĺûʲô𣬲ӶһҰԡ
ûһᣬѪŮʴһСŮˡ

ʥŮˮԶԶľ͸ܵŮϵʥ֮
ѪŮʿ款ţħ欵ķ·ҪһȴǷ鵽£ħʧͣѪŮʣûѪŮĳԺûκ
ⲻǰѳûˣѪŮĳΪ˷УķУûˣڵĻǾǶ࣬׸

ˮĵСѾͷƺϵˮڵҲ꣬ѪŮƣԼҲƣˮ𣺡ѾͷûС
ˮһֱֻһֻסѪŮʵС֡
ѪŮʿҸĸŮˮСĺǻӣ͸о˵ܰ
룬롣
СѾͷǷеһ˵رĿġ
ҲˮЦ˵
ƭˣҲҡˮһĴ۾תת
еæⲻֻҪпվ㡣ˮоܿǷĸŮ뵽ʲôֱг˻ɫСһĵţСƯ
ϲ𣿡ˮЦ˵
ϲ
͸ˣˡˮɫȡһѪܿʽ
ѪŮرУȻССƺǱˮŮ֪ˮŮһ޵ġ
СǱޡѪŮʿŴʱСĺܿ˵
ǻ󣬱ЩҪǿ󡣡ˮЦ˵
̫ˣǲ˷ˡѪŮ˵
ʲôҵŮҪϵҲ뷨ժˮǷβһơ
ѪŮԹĿˮĵ۾ˮǶˣСʤ»飬ֿʱҲˡѡڣʲôҲˡ
ЩáˮóһЩǱܵɳʵΪ
ﲻãðɣһʵһݱϣҵʵﲻ㡣ѪŮ˵
ⶫʮҲܳţЩԺԶܳˣÿ˵ľޣٵЩʱ䣬Ը뿪һ뿪ˮŵС
ţԺʱ仹Ժ˵ɣҲ֣Ѿͷʱ㡣ѪŮսˮ֡
ΪǧʳԼսֻסϣ켫࣬ŮŮ˯һҲ˷ѣˮһδΰ款۷壬ǿ󶼱ĿһѣΡ
ˮַˮĳ־ãŮѣˮҲ޸ѪŮʵСˮˬĻ겻ᡭ


2169 ʮʦ
ˮϸϻȥģĴѪŮʵһҹûۣൽϣѪŮʼˮ뿪ĵĵˮŮˣˮһ뿪ͷǸվɽȿڵӰԽԽСֱʧ
ĸоˬˮǲѪŮ֪ģģѪŮ֪ˮҪߣҲϢҪˮ뿪
ֱˮӰ뿪ѪŮʲŻջĿ⣬ʱһĵѪŮѪŮߣһ˫Сĳ򣬲ϸΪûУϸᷢһѪŮ˫Цһ룬ֱ͸һģ͸ɴһ
ѪŮҲǴ·ѪŮ˵ձضվ۷塣
̣ΪһϲǸ˵ģ֣һۿͷ·ʶܾúܾһѪŮЦ
ɵѾͷ˭Ҳ˵ΪʲôһԵ֣ôô࣬һ˽ʶԵ֣һ˳ΪޣǼԵ֡Ů΢Ц˵
֪࣬òܼһΡѪŮ˵
ŮǺˣܶŮʵ˶һεģÿ˶ᱻټһΣһҲ˵ͷн񱣬ʳѪ޵Ѫ˵Цƫƫ㻹ѪŮʡŮ΢Ц˵˵
ҲѪ࣬Ҿʳһ˵ľѪҲһѪŮ۵˵
ԺǻһģоҪӿٶȣҪ˦̫ࡣ
ˮϻȥʱѾˣʱʳʱүӻʽ˶Դˮֺļүɿʳؼʱ̣ܶˡ
ǧʳѾˣǰȻΪģʳҪúдʳĸʵǴģսͳ֮Ľͨ˲֪ô¾Ѿˡ
ǿ˵ͨٶ඼ûãվŲ˺սɱģҲûͳν׼ʲôͨ˵սӣǸŵ磬һļֵʳԴ
ʳƿʳʵֻǸʳкܶǳأÿǳضгǶļҸ𣬶֮ҲЩϳȡ
£¼ûǸȫƹܣֻƹܳǼǳؼʮǻиļҾƿһЩĴͿˡ
˵˵Ѿ˴ʳĻʼҶ̨ǧʳѾˣ˴ˣ࣬ҲˣϾǺ֡
ǧʳųһǧɵģҲǸʳʹʳҲ㲻ϳУһֱǾࡣ
ͷô׼һ׳ͷ˵
ˮܵͷЩǿģݻӣϽɫģ˵˿װͷƲһѻһֹʼô궼ʡ
㣬ǧͷһᱻ˱ޱӡүӿĵ˵
úȥ棬д£ǧͷ˵һȥ˶̨
ʮûڣڵĻΪʳĹȥеݵġ
ȥһ㶼ڻʼ㣬һǻգǲǻʼ˸˵ˣսһȻǻʼҿ£ˡ
ļҲȥһˣȻȥˣһ֪֮ʮһ˲ţ˫ڶ̨ȭײƵ
˿ᣬ龳ߣȻǳ飬ҲţϾǱ򣬵ȻЩ˺ͱεıǲʮǧҩʲôľ͸ϡ
һʹʤʽд裬һǧʳȥǸŮӣᣬ˸оܳ죬ٱ֮ǰļҪܶࡣ
ǧ˿˿
Ůһ̨ΧȻкܶ˺ǧ˿˿
ǧ˿˿ǧͷǧҵĺ󱲣ʮǿǧҺ󱲣˺ܶ඼ż񣬵ȻڿƾСӡүЦ˵
ǧ˿˿ƯӦ˵رƯŮβסһ˿Ψһһ˲ĵطڱһʣΪŮ԰ıǮ
ûһᣬļѾ˱үɴ΢Цֻˮ
ˮӣô磿
ˣǧͷ͸ˡүӿĵ˵
ˮεҡҡͷֱվȥ˶̨
˭֪ǧ˿˿ˮʱǸоİʱϳˮ
ǹʦʳʦʦ
ôô᣿
ڵĴʳľҲᰡ

ŮˮвһʱŮȴǺܽİͷˮȻ˵ʮʦ


2170 ࣬ǧʳ뿪
ǰɣ
ˮ˵Ҫ㣡
Ů˿ˮ˵
ˮûж˵ֻһƣܴ򲻰ܲǿ˵ġ
Ůóһޣͷˮһ޳ޱȵ·һŵɫǷɡ
ֲŮôţԭѾȻѾôȻһǿ̫ˣˮȻǲ˺ܶܶࡣ
ˮֱͽһץֱӽԷıץУŮһ˿ŭ̫ˣȻͽץұӣұץС
֣
Ůһµתӷ·һתŮһֱˮӣǿοϺܶ൹̺͵ƬһƳɣޱȣǿǸҲ÷顣
תıˮͣӸ޷Ƶˮķˮһ
߶
ֱӵˮУʱӰȺһ㣬еը·ȺҺһ㡣
ˮûдŮϣʱŮɫ԰׵վڱӰУǶǺ£ЩʱһЩ¡
ǧҵ֮ŮŮİȻҲ֪һЩĺԼҪǿĶ࣬ϾӴҲţûʲôӰ죬ĵΧûһֱûбô
ˮͣȻǧʳǸݻЦ˼ң򣬲羡꣬һҪ졣
̫ˣ
Ǻܶ˵뷨Ͼ˿ǧʳһĴڣȴһս˵˲Ļ
ʲôȥʲôʸսڡһվ˵
ΪӮһξͿԿ֪
ȥ

ˮҲػǿǸˣȻ˵ʮʦȻʳҪбκս׼Īˡ
Һ򡣡˻˶̨
ˣҾȻʵ˹Źֵ˵
ˮЦЦֻжʮʵôܿҵʵ
仰һֱӰ˺վŵĿˮܿҵʵ
ȵˮĿֻжʮʵʲôֻУɼʮʵвֵһᡣ
ȻˣʹһɣְɣҲ㣬鷢ӣģ˲ҵġˮЦʾ˶֡
ˮǫˣֹ˲վŲ˶κβˮѾȫԽ˵Ĺ񵲵˺Ҳȫ
οˮǳԽķ
˳һȱڵĴ󵶣ҲвеһѺֱܲһ鵶ˮȥ
ˮһֱǰѵʱֱ̽ץס˵ĵǵУȻ˾͸оһϮˮ֣Ҫ𣿡
ˣˣҵĿ̫ˣΪͻһմմϲʲôҶӦ㡣̾һƺ˺ܶࡣ
ûʳǧʳڣ򹻹㣬ռ˵أԹͬչҲˮҡҡͷЦ
һһԺȥǧʳһ֪ͨͷӣͷӺúдһ¡˴ʱûƣһѡ
ǧʳ뿪ˣеζүӿĵˮ˸ˮ뿪صá
֪Ѿһˣˮ׼ǻȥ
ŮǴӱǰͱҲԶ;Ǻһ롣
ŮһǰҲǱһΧˣվȽˣſǰǺ
ֱӳڱȻȥãŵˮһһ㶣û
ŵдһ£Ҵȥˮֱ˵
ŵͷкŮȥ¥ϡ
ˮǴͨǰƽսѾ֪ˮˣߵʱˮѾ˵˵ģԴʱѾ߳ˮĵЦˡ
һӶ˺üս׳ˣҪƽսҲӦˡ
˺öþͻѵ֮λˮˮôͲˣиоˮԻ͡
ڻƽսˮˮҪʵ΢ǷȱƽսҲˮڵʲôʵ
ڶΪǾ˼ʽ裬ȻҲûµĶд裬˽飬ھ顣
죬ˮʹżŮӱǰҪȥѰҺĶ
Ҷ취һ־Ȼģռģһ־˵Ļ޵ġ
һãѶȲǺܴ󣬱ϾеĶ٣Ҹ£ֻǻ鷳Ϊźܶûˣĳʵ޵ģΧǲֵġ


2171 Ϫɱƽսз

ˮһҶ輸ŮıǱˣľǺҲǺԶˡ
һˮ͸ܵ˱һЩʶˣˮеĴڣܶ඼ʶԸܵԼֵǿĴڣһЩ۵Ȼע⣬עһ㶼ǺǿĴڡ
ָܵĴڶٮٮߣֻΣͬȴڵĻô༸ʮٸҲע⣬һֻһֻ㣬С㣬ӼС㼸ʮҲע⣬ٷһ㣬ǿĴڹϾͻע⡣
ʹע⣬ˮ֪ԷΪǿ߳ͻʲôһǳһЩ￪ٶ˺һԼӶʲĵȣǸʱҪֹˡ
ˮ֪嫵ˮҲŴύһиԵΧЩʱҲҪһЩսߣʧǱ뿪
ˮ֪һطܲûбռǸһƽսз庮ҷ˵
Ŷȥˮֱ˵
ȻѾ˵طûбռǾͺ˵ˣǸʲôƽսзֱӱˮˣˮһвˮġ
Ϫ
ǱһˮµҲ庮ҷ˵ǸһĵطˮµҲǱһɫɭ֣ɽӦоУˮľܶ࣬ˮɭҲǺܶࡣ
ˮܵǸʶһֱû뿪
ǸʶӦþǻƽսзʶ
ǴطˮҲǺ⣬һʯȺЩʯͷÿһŶʮ׸ߣϰ׿ҪЩʯͷ϶бɳ緿һĿռ䡣
õطˮЩҲǺ⡣
Ǿˮ˵
ҪҪֻƽսзͬ⡣庮ҷ˵
ͬʹˮЦ
ôĿʱԶһ
ˮЦˣ֮ǰѾ֪һڣԴʱĵط
һŽ׵󺺣䣬翴һϵɱǿңʵҲǿһɱļһ
ǧˮǲôϲɱ˵ɱһΪɱۣɱۡ
һĵ̡ˮֱ˵
ǵģҪ˲١
ˮ󺺵һֱڼŮƮر庮ҷϣеĹ˭ܿˮˬǣӾȻ󵨵Ŀš
ԣط
ԷòĻ治˼׼ʵԷ貹ˮ벹ˣһһϵ
Щžǻá
ǿ뿪ֱ˵
ˮ뿪ģ󺺵˼̫ˣˮȻ˵Լ󺺣ֱһãôҲɱ˲ɡ
ÿ춼ɱôҲԣ촽һѪӳ
ˮҡҡͷȻǾͶְɣҪˣ
һ׼һڿɱˡ˵ֱӻһСɽһľ޴ɫзӣǰǶԾ޴ǯӷŽӲӵĺ⣬ÿǰһǵضɽҡ
ˮЦЦֱһתƴ˹ȥ
ԣ
ˮҲû뵽һƷй̫ˣֱӱǿӷٶӷˮԼܲסºˣֱӱˡ
֪ˮͲöתˣˮԼдãʽԼûƿһǴ˱ɱ֮Żʹã߶ʵԹǿʱҲῼǲʹá
ŮҲû뵽ǿĻƽսзᱻһ£ЦˣȻ鿴Ȼʼã֪󷨵ȡ
Ȼȴ˵Ǩ㣬Ҫһʱ䣬Ƿ
Ȼɱ˻ƽսзˮҲͰģ֮ǰĻƽսзҲвŮˮƺܷĵأĴƽսзӰ첻ŮȫӦû⡣
ڼŮҲǾͨ󷨣޷ˮȣȥҲǾԵ󷨴ʦϾмʵô꣬ǵȻûκ⡣
ɱÿŮѧ󷨲һ󷨣һҲƿز󷨵ġ
ˮס˼죬Χ̽һС˺䣬ʵûǿޣСʵǺѱļޣһСԸ¡
СϾͨԣȻûȫ꣬ˮٺô˵˺ܶ໰ԼŮˡ
˵С豣֤ǣСѾҪ꣬ˮĵҩֻȱһһֱʵܶ࣬һ
䲻Ҫģˮһƨ֮ˡ
ˮڤʵٵͣˮҲǣСˮʱΣСԣԻԽܣҪ͵ԼŮˡ


2172 ʾԪб֦
ˮڱͣûжʱͻ˱򣬻صáʱûڣźŵѾˣˣȻҵ˶࣬Ҵ󲿷˶ͷݵˣˮжǽ֮ˣûʲôԽС
㻹ôӣÿһôƯ
ŵˮЦ
˵ģԼš
ˮЦ
ұΪܲҵŮأŮԵ治
ŵԹ˵
ˮԼôҲŮˡ
ħš廢ɹѾͻƽҹһͬˡ
ŵͻȻ뵽˵˵
ƽҹһ壿
ˮ뵽ˣ뵽ˮһ壬ԼͯʱͯУʱɱ˻ƽҹһĴҹҵһүԷ׷ɱǴԼְɱЩƽҹ棬ǵõ˶꣬ҲԼķɽˡ
û뵽ڻƽҹһѾħŽˣˮòӣƽҹһǧڼƵĴڣڸֺܶ࣬Щƽҹɵսɱһ˵ֵǿ̫ˡ
ˮ֪ƽҹ֪֪ԼɱһЩƽҹ棬Ҳ֪ƽҹһ֪֪Լ
ȻЩģ̫ģʵӣˮҲԽԽǿԼʵԼޣ󷨣Լߵ˵ʵӡ
ٱһδҪº
ʵеʱ䣬˵˵Ҳ̣Ǹͷ
ɽڵǺֲܿģˮҲһֱûж£ԼУҲɱﵣӾѧЩǿռ䡣
֣Ҳһ
һˣһͨˣЩˣ޴СֻҪͿˣǧ̻֮ѨˮӲСκС飬ʱСоԵã缦֮ͽʱܾ
ˮͲٽӴˣϽ֮ˡ
ʱ򱱻ˣһ¶ûˮⱱʼҴСƺˣ̲ס̾ÿ̫˷ˡ
˷ʲôɻʵ
ôŮ˿ϧûǸһ׷ѵ˷𣿡ˮ˵
ȥû˵
Ҫһ£Ҳ֪ʲôζˮԥƺ˺ܶ˵
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Ҳף˴ҲûãԼҲʲôõİ취ӣǱֱһɱˡ
ˮҲ֪󲻻ôԲе޼ɵ٩ûŮŮǺ˼ģ֪Ŭϲ֪Ļ֪ô롣
Сһ㣬ħŵ˺һЩ˶Ƕ֡Ҫ˵Щ顣
廢ɹͻƽҹɣˮ˵
ֹħŵʵ̸ڣǱϿô򵥣̫ɹȻ󽫱ͱ򲢵һ𡣡ƺ֪顣
Ҫ̵ҲԪˣ˵̵ܲһءˮŵ˵
뵽ˮӵϣ̫ɹǿϣսֱӱʱһܾʣħǿ̫ˣûδֻ֪˵
ʿħŲһΣֹһΣħҲֹһڹģʵԱħ˲١
ˮԺͨ𱱻͸ӲˣԷչܷչʲô̶Ȼ治˵
ƽսǿˮǱ޵ˣ֪ҲܴߵһΣĳΪǿ
ʱﱣ㡣˵
ˮһ㶣û뵽ԼҪˣЦ˵ǲҲҪһ䡣
룡ŬԼ
ôӢΣϧ㲻ϲˣӢ֮ءˮҡͷ̾
Ҳû˱ˣ֮ǰҪǿԼǲϲˣҲûϲŮˣԼֻûĵģֱӳĬˡ
ʵﰲȫ⣬Ҫʲôȥɡˮһ˵
㲻ܳ£ĻǻһսϾԷϳ̫ࡣ˵
ҪҪɱҲˮٺЦ
ðҪǸңһŮˡ΢Ц˵
ˮһ£ҪôݰɣһԺ޸ˣȴǲԲڵġ
ޣһ뿪ˡ
ԾˮѾһЩʾԪҸˮ
֮ǰˮʾԪҪ
յһЩʾԪյ˺ٵһЩб֦ˮб֦ʱҲǼбһ֦Ψһһ°ɫģܺÿ


2173 ȻŮͼ
ˮͨ˵ģȷʵб֦ھͲ׵ˣ׵ͿƱܽٵˣҲ֪ܽٵʲôã濴ӦǶܽģѵ١٣
ôܽٷȴʲôҲ֪
ˮԼнҲʹñܽٵϾ׵ǿģûҲһʧܶ˶ԸҪϾǾһԺܶԸͣԶͣΪһͻƾп
ŵˣﲻ̫ȫǰȫģԷССҲȥϳ棬ԾǸҽʦʵͣЩע⡣
ЩȷĿ꣬ݾߣɱ޹ǰ¶ԼˮģԷĿѡӦԼȻҲǰԼ
ϴսˮһҲħŵ˵ע⣬̫ɹսĻһҪȳȥˮȻʱһСԼĺֺпܻᱻɱ
˺˵ʱȴǿս
ˮȻñԼһ䣬Ҫȥɾ֪ͱһҲʲô飬ԻǲǸ尾á
ɾˮʼʽ𵤣ⶫƽ˵ǺöֻǷʳ𵤻ߵ˲ʹãԾԴһ㣬˵û𵤵ļֵ󣬱ϾֻҪͨ˾ʹãߣڱҲվٵһ֣Ͼ󲿷ֶԶﲻߵġ
֮ʽȻǸĶˣƽеĸ̻ߵĸ̾ȫҲȡһ𵤻ʽҲԸ⡣
Ƴʽ𵤷ˮ׼ʹãĸ׺ͼ˾˾ĸߣģֻʽ𵤿ǵʵˡ
ʱѾ쵽ڶˣںܶ˵ڻ磬˵ʺãһ˯ʱҲ͹ˣǾ
ʱֱڿȲ裬ˮһ㶣ô˽ҵķ䣿
Ȳ𣿡
ʡ
ˮ棺ȣ
ϾвյˮһˮֱһںȵȻٷŵǰ
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ˮЦȥˮˡ
òˮ
ȵˮˮŮ˺ȲҲһܣЦʵб𣿡
аȲ裬١
ˮһ㶣û뵽Ů˻Ŷգ۾һóһѷ٣Ҫүһ

Ĳյҵˮϣ쵰ȻԼġ
ˮɿѾǵˣˮù٣Сĸ˼һ
ûп
ˮǵһ꣬սһѪڵӣ·𿴵ɱ𷴿ɱЩˬоָо޲ԼҲȥɱһ
ǱһֱǲʱҲǸоеѪҺӿ죬ˮĺܺãƿǡôҲ覴á
û뵽㻹ᵯ٣Ϊֻţء
Ц
ˮҲû뵽ŮҲĬһѣЦʵһĶܶ࣬续ţɴҲ㻭һŰɣ
ˮ˵ֱó𾫱ʺֽԼҪɫʡ
ҪֹģƺҲǺ棬
ŻţסˣΪڵˮ·Ѿȫ뵽Χ·羲ֹһһָоһĻֱͨһ㡣
ʱˮҲоԼֲַһεĻоޱȵ˳ͨһʻȻʼһЩɫʣˮĶܿ죬·Ǳʾû뿪ֽţˮ
ˮͣʱ·һһɵϺͱ໥ӳġ
ˮסˣŮͼ
ˮ𺳣ԼԿ϶ҲһŮͼԼŮͼˮ֪ԼˣǱŮͼϵЩŮӲ£Ҫôһ㡣
ټˮĻˮͬȥһŮҲܳΪŮͼ
סˣû뵽ửôͨĻͨ񾳽磬Ȼ֮ܿ
ˮڻʱ򾳽ƺ˺ֱܶ࣬Ӵﵽ˰벽ͨ񾳽硣
ʵƺһЩʵȻûֱĹǿȡӲԵȶ˺ܶ࣬ʵ˿͸˿֮𣬴ϸû䣬ӲǿȴǱˡ
ˮģû뵽ԼȻôһ죬ʱˮ֪ʮŮͼܴȫŮ֤ʵˣʱʮԼھȻҲһ
û뵽һԼľʵô࣬ǵʵΣˮȻʵڻʮŮͼ֮ǰôһ֮Ϳܴﵽۡ


2174 ˮţͷ
ˮ֪ǲǻţҲ֪ܲȻûмˣȴǺˣʮŮͼˣΪ˷ޡ
ˮ֪Ů䵤ȻûмǵŮ˽ǵһϣΪŮͼ
ˮ֪˶ٷŮͼʮһˮһԼҵʮŮͼ֪еܡ
׿ЩˮķĻպ÷Žɾ
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ͷߵĿֲǿһ츳
ʱˮҪȲǵʱ򣬶Էˣңģ˫۾ȴеģŮ˫۾еģеһ㣬Ůĺһ㣬֮⿴ʲô
ǿᣬٿᣬΪ׵һӴ°ɫ·һͷСߣܾ£Ư
˿Ů۾Խ
ҿôУܻܲ㻨
ˮһûȢƯŮ˾鷳ǻˮԽƯԽˮ̫׵¡


2175 û˵ķݡɱ
ͷһ壬ÿͷһǾͷģʵŻԴӣﵽͷǿߣͷ֮ԴӣԴĴСȴǻ仯¾ǶǾŸԴʵҲȫһ
ĵ۾˺һ֮˵ɱҵˣռĵ̡
ǲģҲգеᣬҲдԣԲ˻Ͼûа۹ͣˮϡ

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ڱϪû˸Һˮ˵֪࣬ҲҪɱ㣬һҪǳΪҵҪĿ
˴ʱһЦ⡣
ԼŮ㲻ǵһ֮ǰȫˣҲġ
ˮЦǰһ̽һֱֻ

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˵Ǹɵ㻹˵㲻ǣʱвҡ
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ˣ֪һƵˣԼѾˮŶˣǻûãʱ֪ٿˣԼˣһҪǧ򱶵ֻ
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ˮ˵ֱһšһֱ˲ӵֱһŤĲӡ
ɫʣʲôˣǧ򱶵ֻһŹŮҲҪһ
ˣˣʱҲûãԴʱһˮܻˣɱˮһ˿Ļᣬƴĳˮ
Щ˵ʵڵˮ̫ˣʱȫˣˮֱӻٻٸɾҶûУζûһ㣬ʲôҲû
ȥһˮţˡ
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ˮڱˣ뱱ϪǺԶϪֻǱһС
ˮһ޴ɽɽ֮һ޴Ĺһʯ񣬿Խɽֻ޴ˮе֡
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ˮ֪Щ黹ΪǿǱʶǸоŻҪԷ


2176 Ҫһ
Ҫʲôռ˶үĵطɱ˶үˣүۣɱ˶үҪ
˵ЦˣЦһֻõԵĺ㣬Ǹͷͷ絽ˡ
ɱΪɱңۣ˾ȻŮ˵⣬и빴Ůˣô
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ʱһһģҪˣĸߴȻľɢһϣʱҲŭҲЦĿˮ

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ֱӻһֻ޴ľͷߣ֮ǰͼһ޴̳һţŴʱСˮ࿴һֻһ

һˮΧγɣǾ޴Уһ㣬ֲĽɱŰţˮ飬ͨˮ߿óֲˮ
ˮվںˮУ̩ɽȻһһ

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ˮûаʵԼĹ࣬ˮöתƺ;ɽֱӸˡ
ȥȻˮסˣΪԷѾˡ
ɫܹŹ֣·ѾڲˮĿܹŹ֣һʵֲ̫ˣľͰԼˣܸоˮûʹȫ
˱һж٣ôᣬԵһ²⣬ǾǺģǾǺһĴ½
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ǣģһ⡣
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2177 ˮĳ
ˮߣ׵ͷ۾ȴû֮һҲûУֻߵ䣬ϣ̶ȣԼĶʡ
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ˮ˵ȻԼİգߵʵҲһЩʵԲˣڱҲĴڣȻصĴھͲˣȻأôͲ棬ϲǲġ
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ԼʵһȹһԼʵⱱ޵ˣ뵽ԺҪȥǺͼǵǸ˵ԺľǺлͷһλá

ˮصϪ˵һ飬Ҳˣͷһ壬ˮǺܿõģرǸˮͨԼҲпþͷԼǴ߻һ£пܵʵһ¡
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⵹Ǹ飬ʵǲǷôһ飬ǽҲ˵ء
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ҪϣЩϣҪԱԱû⣬ûˣģܱ㡣
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2178 ħս
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ˮͨ弸û²ҪʲôֱӴžͿˡ
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˵Щͷ֣˵ʲôҸҸЩǹƨǽڣӵԼϲˣɵӲŻ֣˵ЩֻǰοԼһڣΪò˵Щŷ֡
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Զ빥Իû֫ײħٴѣΡ


2179 ܾˣľ
ħٴαѣΣɫˣҲǾʣȻٴˮȥ֣

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֪ľı仯ڲڰˮֺˮƺһĪϵ
ˮڣǵĻָǺǿʱȫָˣˮֱʵƺӾˡ

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ٱ㻹ҪһЩʱܴ򿪡
ԼӵʵɾԱһӵĻǺܿġ
ǰͻƻᷴˮһЩ֪ʲôʱʼûˣˮеƣȻ˻ľԪʵˮܵõ޴ôģȴûˡ
ȻħȥˣˮҲĴ⣬Ϊħ˵ɱ֪ͨ˭ˮĻ԰һ˶ԸԼ
ˮоƽҹһҹҲʲôƱ廢ɹ֪廢ɹǲ̨֪յĴڣˣΣˮ廢ɹ廢ҲûʲôøУⶼС


2180 Ժ˺ӡ
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ܽٵһ׵ܶ˶ܹ˵漸ǶܹϾ˭ҲԸ⾭ǾһĽ³Źȥʵܶࡣ
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Ȼ˵һЩ裬ʲôʱͣʲôʱŵϣȵȡ
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ˣ쵰ԼЦθ˵ĻţǺᣬеңһֲ֪ĸо
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2181 ţɽ
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ĻҲ򣬱ϾͨҲûʲôλҲųܣԷǲʹȴҪʹ
һܸ󣬾ǱˮΪ˴˵Ҫɱˮħ飬ħϺйϵˮҲ֪ôԽԽԺ
ѾȥˣԷ˵ȡˮѾȥˣʲôҲûС
ˮҲûд⣬Ϊ֪ܶʱиʱ򱻶Էһһ
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ҲǺ֪ˮģǺ̫ɹϵ˫ģ´׼Լ̫ɹˡ
Ҳִ֧ӺɷΪΪҪ֪ͼ
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ҲһޣϻعЦ
ҲûнͶ˵˵ҿԴ̫ɹûˮ˵˿Իϲʲô⡣

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ҲǧˣܴǧҲǺǿˡ
ܶҲὥʧоԼģҲŰ裬Ϊ´鷳ǲңҲԪˣĻûȥ
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ˮоȥĻкܴѹ鲻ȥƺ̫ϧˣ꿪һΣϲףˮоԼȥġ
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2182 ۴ɽ
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˵ˮиɱﵣԼķɽɽĻħҲᱻˣɽٶȻ޷ħֻҪõõӦûǿԵġ
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ħţ廢ɹƹһɹˮ֪ľĸʵڣԼԼ̫ɹ⻹кܶ಻֪Щʵħź廢ɹ
ˮ𾪣̫ˣǺɲ⣬Ǳͱ֮вٵǿڣжû֪ˮ֪Լ̽ĿǰԼѾڱһͣˣʱǲǰˡ
ܶ˶ղħˣЩкһζǾǿ飬ϣǺˡ
ҽȥʵһֺԷȥ˶࣬ǿĻҲڣ˫̫⣬Ȼ涼Ҫ¡
ˮһ˽ȥ֮ħǱҲ˽ȥˮ߽ȥǿһ㣬Ҳһ㣬ڻûԱķʽȥ˭Ҳ˵׼ֻһʱȻºŻٴο
µʱ䲻ҲԷܶˣкööôңһ


2183 󷨣
ʱˮͱѾСҰܺãһ͸оµĿˮܣһȫĿռ䣬ҰܹһߣеķԿɽԿɭ֡
ˮǺһЩһЩĿռ䣬ƺʲô᲻һ磬ˮռ㹻ݴ½Ҫأ
ˮ޷󣬲ĿǰϺһ㶼ԽСĿռ䣬ռвûʲô
ھݴ½һĿռ䣬ǰһɽֻɽĶڻʧʱ֮ῪɽеѣɽԿ죬ʵǰԴݸ
ڲŽȥ˶֣Ͼʱ֮Żûйرգ˵˭Ҳô綯֣ԪҲǺġ
һ㶼ѡʱ֣ʱ򲻵ԴﵽĿģһԵõԷõıʲôġ
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ڣǿӦǱˮڣʵԹֲֻˮ֪һֻǿطǸˮӳ±𱱻Ҫֲ
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ӴˣʲôҲУ½ȻȱˣǺܶ࣬мһЩҲȷʵЩʵѧ
Ȼ󷨣ӦûжˮԥǲҪȥ
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ˮΧҲǺܰȫѵԼҪﲼ󣬲Լ£ǻϾ군Щ˾ԲǳȥģȻҲǺܶ˲ǳȥǲ֪ˮˮоԼڣȥİտܶࡣ


2184 ң
룬ˮ˵ˣһȥ뿪֮ڡ
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ˮʹһ󣬽˵Ϣһ׼ȷĸܵÿ˵λãɢҲңˮֱӺͶԷ˵ô
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һƾɵĴׯܹϵ֣Ѿƾɲˮ²ܾǰܾһׯֻǱʦ󷨷סˣԲŻˮоʱԵ޹ʵķӡׯһԭ
ԭкܶ࣬ӡһǿޣ޿ƥеޣӷӡסˣΪׯ˱Ⱦʲô߻ԭ򣬱ׯ˺ǿſֲѪͳвĳЩ˵ĵλʦӡˡ
һ֣ӡǺñֶνˣʹ˳ߵĴ۲ӡ˽ȥ˳
ˮܽȥΪԶ󷨵ɥʧʮ֮˾ţҲΪʲôֱӼ򵥵Ľԭ
ׯĸо·ձɽ͵ʱҲǵӡʱ䣬ȻʱߣԶʱĸо
ˮΧһǿ󣬻ʱڵɥʧǰȻˮûȥҲûа취ġ
ܰǲˣϾ֪ȥ˶ˣˮǰȻΧЩƾɵϷӣľʲôѾûˡ
ЩϷеѾˣҵĲ٣ûеڿҲޱȵĳ¾ɣɭɭûǲԾǰʮϷһһ˶ҽȥġ
ϷӵݿǺֲܿģڵˮʵûйˮǣйҲᱻԼľֱӸĻɢ
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ˮǸҲоˣҪ֪֮ǰõâƾǱҲܱ͸
ˮ˺ˣǰԼս⻷ϣзӽӡһ˵ķ˺ܶ࣬ˣˮųޡԼڤ
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طԼǰֱӿԺˣ͸һЩ㲿λƲǺء
ˮű޵סİ
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ʱǸ˵
һһĳĺ֮ˡ
˶Ԫүӣʲô֪ʱˮ˵˵үӣʶⶾڣ
ֻһмҿȷȷǶڣⶾûι
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ܾǰԶŵʱ򣬶Զ֮󣬴½һðͶļ壬ңҺųưͶ˫һ㲻öһְʹõĳ뻯¶ǰٶҲسǴеٶȣⶾҵһһ㲻һͻҪ
Ԫү˵˵ˮҲóҲóһãû뵽ܾǰһ壬֪ǲǻڡ
ˮͻȻ뵽ʲôŹֵ˵ӲҷӡɣǰҸӡȥˡ
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ȻһػҷɳٵĶڣЩȻ䵽ˮ


2185 ã
֮ˮɫˣΪĶž綾ôȥˣĶǺֲܿЩռҲԼʹá
ҲҪǱЩڴҲ֪ʲôĺ޿ȫܣһ涼סϾ岻
ܲܵס˵ںˣһǹˣһؿǺѹȥģ󷨺Ͷڵƺ޷ܣڷֵʱѾܡ
ˮԿ϶ҷӡģǲ֪ΪʲôӡǷӡˣǷӡԼ
ӡԼƺе˵ȥʱӡԼҲΪԾȣ龰ƺǷӡˣе˲Իˡ
ǰиõķӡ˵
ˮ˿ȥӦǴӵм䣬ȻķҲǿϣԿĵطķӼ̵Ķ࣬ұĺȻЩ¾ɣЩϡ
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Ҳ֪Զʲôģûʲôˮ˽ȥǰûнˮ֪ȴûС
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ȻˮΧһЩÿһ׸ߣصĵ񣬵ǰнܣʲô֣óʲôϵʲôλá
ˮĿ˼ûʲôȤ׬Ĺʱ򿴵һʯܴźܶ֡
ʮ꣬ԪƾֹӰ̤ƽ
Ӷʮ꣬һɱĮɹϡ
ٶʮ꣬ɷѱɱʮˣϡ

ŶЩƵ飬һЩǳʲôţߺʲôʵȣһֱˮıȽ棬ļŻʵԽ⿪ұӡࡣ
ʮ꣬ħɱӣΪС
ʮ꣬ħŹϣҶ֡
ʮ꣬ҲжԷ֣Ա
ʮ꣬âʧ
ʮ꣬ⱻ´
ʮ꣬ʮû
ʮ꣬ʮû

ˮûϢʾˣһȴâѱ䡣
֮ǰ˵âʧӦܲұӡӣӡѱ䣬ǲܻȥ˵
ʯû˵âʲôλݣˮоӦò͡
ˮڿʱҲڿ˿̾û뵽ʱҲݺµҲˣֻǲ֪ڻûҡ
ô˵ˮ֪ҿǿг뻯İˮ뵽٪޼ʱצֻٶȺͷצӣ԰ӴĲɱ
ٶȾһУΨ첻ơ
ٶȣֻҪٶȿ죬ͿһйֻҪٶȿ죬ͿƿһС
￴˺ܶ࣬ûʲôµĶΧһУһ߳á
ͻȻˮΧĻڱ䣬һּ䲻ʵĸоȴ߱任
󷨡
ˮߣǺܾտģˮҲǲڰʱҵֱۣӽƵȻΧĻٴһ䡣
һԸɾӵԺӳ֡
֮ǰˮûκΣյʵҪˮͨ󷨣˵֮ǰ˿ѷɫ
ԺӴ۾һСׯԺֻ˵ǺСȻ߽ȥֻһ䷿ݣһ
棡
ҵĴʼˣҵڣҵĴд￪ʼһǧꡣ
һԵ̫ˣ¼ĺܶ࣬һֻļһĽ⣬󱲱Ҫ˲٣Ժܶ˾ʹϵ⡣
ϵĴкۺ죬治֮ڶǿԵģ֮ȴҪûˣϵĵλԵʵ͵λʱͻ⡣
ԲŻᷢ飬ûͽĻҲô׻ٵˮоǸâ᲻ַչһأ
ŵʱȴǿǰȻ鼮ѾһĻҳˮܼһ˵ĻҳȻĸ֡

һĹֽŶǵɫģֻбʮţˮһͼͼȴǻһЩߵƣѭ
ˮһһӳȥΪˮԼľŹһ˿ںơ


2186 ı
ˮϵķתĸоһ˿γɣһַ˿ǵɫģˮת֮󣬱Ԫʵںգˮһ˿ɫϢȻĿʼýʱˮԼƣԼлߣоƺԽԽᣬȴǸоȴǺǿ
ˮԼʶпôһ׭֡
䡣
һٶȣ
ˮعִҶڿֱӰǱɫ鱾ݸ󣺡ҵǿܺòе
²⻹Ǳˮ¶ˣҿ󣬶ǵõٵٶȣ߳ɣĶɺĳɣɡ
ǿһ´Ҷˡ
ֻٶȵӣΪʩչٶȿԸ죬ҶսʱǿһļʶܵԷĹôģڲ
ˮͶ
ˮܾǰõһͬⱾҵĶˮֺ֮ܶ඾Լʶģ䶾кܶˮоǰһĵطôһĲͬ仯߼һֺ޶ԵĶͿⶾһࡣ
ҪصĶǾ綾н֮ҲһЩҩɽģƳҩҲû⡣
ˮһЩ￴̸꣬ˣ˶ⶾûʲôȤ涾ҲǺΣգܶ˶ǱԼˡ
ˮֱԼҲԿһЩˮаĶ
ˮѶͰѧѾоһѾ׬ˣֶ֮Ϊ񼼾ΪҲΪʲô˿ôǿˡ
˵ĸⱾֻҪ츳һ㣬ϰͶʵսǾǿֲ
Ϭ綾Ķ͸ʴǿҲ޷ֵ
Ѱģڱĵûʲô˼ڿʲô֮ȥȥʱ򲢲Ǻѣˮûƻ󷨻ԭϼôıȥ
һУ˸һԶȻ˶һǰǼһȻһ˴󺰣˳ˡ
һһʮˣˮɫĴŶ棬֪˲֪ԼһʲôҲ֪ΪʲôҪԼ
ˮʶЩˣһ㣬˶ӹ֡
ûǾˣ¡ˮֱ˵Ҳܸ˭˵
˰ɡ߳һֱ˵
ˮüڿԿԷ߲ƣֱ˵𣿡
ˮûлشǲǣҲüһɹҡ
ңûһɹ˵ˮţߵ˵
һɹһλ⣬һصĴڣǿһɹϴͻƹǸΪ֤ĺ·ͷҲһɹģɽս˵
ôһ˵ˮһɹûмǣЦ˵ʲô£
ˮƽƽƺһͨˣһİ·ˣʵˮоһİ·ˣûʲôҲʲô
ҪһұκܲˬҪ֪ɹ̫ɹϻǿһЩġ
ûȤˮüֱ˵
ҿǲҰɡҲΪ˵
ô롣ˮЦЦν˵
˵׼ߡ
ʴС㣬ҲҪ𣿡ű˵
ȻˮȵĿмһ˲͵ǰеĳʶûֱҵϣֱһݡ
˫ѣôҲû뵽ٶȿô죬ֻֻ֪ͬĴڣҲǶԱ˵ħ˵ǲġ
ȴû뵽Լ֮ǰѾȫעˣûжһݣѪǱޱȣЩǱʵ
󲻶ɫ֪ҪˮʵٶȣˮĹ⻷Ҳٶȣֱñʵ̫ˣҪϾˮһЩġ
߰ɣҲңֱߡ
ˮھһоԭǰϢֵȻ£ƺʲôҲϣֻڵİְ¶˸İ
ɹûһҲûһ˵ֻǴĿŮһŮ˾߳ߡ


2187 һ֣ϲǸָͷ
ˮ΢ЦŸűһ뿪ƹСȺɽСȺɽǲĵطȻѾûҪҵĶԻ뿪ɡ
ƹɽĵηḻɽɭӦоУһЩҰ࣬ˮҲиָࡣ
ˮΧ飬ԶȻ͸оһȻͿ˱ֵĿˮˮεĿ֮ǰֻſĵطűûзֱѾͣ
ˮоСһԵĵطȻˮ͸о΢ĸоˮͷԼɳܵӲˣ֧һŵ񣬶ϡ
һˮ޳ܣҪ߿ʱˮС˵𶯣һҾͶ˶ˡ
ӣ㶪¡ǻţ֪Լʲô
ҿδӵĸףôûйϵˮϽ˵
ٺ˵ֱˡֱ˵
ˮϽ˵һ˵ͷȻע⣬ߺͰɽսԼսˮǲ˵ʲôģǿҲװûп
ͬ
еңԼڸʲôȻô۸ҪűˣеңѵԼİ
ҡҡͷ֪ʲôǰҲ֪ĸܶ࣬һٸ˶ڰʶһ֣Ǯ˱ﰮķʽǮûǮǹģϲΪ֡
뵽ˮԼĻΪʲôԼ븶ʲô˰ԼΪԼʲô
ԼΪǴԼ㲻㰮
ˮʱվڱһŵͼͱһ𿴣ôΪڿʲôʲôͼϾǱûΪ˿źܶ˵
˾ǣǸ·ʡ
˵ҿ߿𣿡
оԼĶԽԽӲˣ¶Ⱥܸߣ˵ļ
ˮЦ˵ҿƲסˣȫҵˡ
ˮڶߵӻңҧҧĵģԼβȻһ׳Ķ
ˮһ󼤶ƵŮѵҪҡ
ŸоСסŷһʹȻ˲ͻָԭŮ˾Ȼšһ£һǺģšƤ
ˮüͷ϶亹Ů˿ֻǱšһ£ûиקԽԽֲ̲ס˵С㣬Ȼռұˣ˵˺ܴһԺҪػѡ
ŲҸšڶˮĻѾһ
ðɣšɣһ֣ϲǸָͷˮһֻ֡
ĸָǸ﴿ĺܣȻһʱˮĻ
ҪšǸСˣšûˣֻܽˣѡһɡˮ˵
һ죬ŤͷߣҲʲô˼ʵǸʱ˶һЩʦͨģһԡ
ˮԺ±˲侪޵գһľֹϢɽѩȴǽĺõ壬һˮ·оŮ˷һ㣬ޱȵԺҸ
ʱ򱱻˹аȻô졣
ʲôô죿ˮװͿ
װһǿһܺҹùˡΪֶӣȻ˵̫ˡ
ˮһ죺ֶӰøҲøӡ
Ǹƣֱ߿
һ˼ǰˮʱĻһ±󣬷Сһ˿΢ı仯ȻַƵֻٿԼʱһЩĪɣˮĶ

ʱһ쳹ĺֻ֪޲ʱѰޣˮΧͣҪҪȥ
˯ûû˵Զһֻ޴İɫϻϻ쳤ףȻǰİٲñȶй֮׳ޱȣϷɫĹΡ
հ׻
ˮ֪˵Ƿӵû뵽ȻڣȻֻǷģ˵ӵǽհ׻ǰһһ塣
հ׻ǿĽٶݺצϬޱȣĹߣȴǽһܾ˵壬ʹ˵롢ЩǲĴڣ츳ޱǿĴڣ˵ж֮Ѫ
ˮûʲô˵ˣǿߣǿһ̶Ⱦˣˮڶս񣬻ʲôƽѪϽѪʲôģǴУҲһǿϿɣǻ򣬾հ׻õľ˶һӵѪҲǱ˵Ķࡣ
հ׻ǻۺܸߣ˻а˶ɱǻۣŽԶЩаϢС


2188 հ׻
гط
ҲĿĵģطһհ׻ʱհ׻ˣࣿ
طǳ𣺡𣿡
ˮڸоܹ֣ھȻֻڽ̸
طһҲࡣհ׻е㲻м
Σǽհ׻ǷҲˡط˿õ˵
񣬲ˣٲЩ˿Աȵġհ׻˵
ˮű󣺡һʲôΪ˺Ҳǳģˣ㿴һô
˵طҲһĶ֣ǹκβ
Ҳ˵׼ˣһἸӾ˵᲻ϻˮ뵽ԼӾѧ
׻ǲֻӵˮʱͻȻ˳˵
ҽհ׻һֻ᳼ӣ˷ǾҲΪǵհ׻
ˮɽհ׻Ļмؽհ׻ˣǷӵӳǷ֮⣬û˵˭
հ׻ͷҲһЩϵӽӡûзõľ
ϵʲô
ˮ˵ֱһӹӡ˽հ׻ϡ
ˮӾľ磬ʹǽհ׻Ҳûж˵Լʱֻ޴İϻоȻоȻм
ˮ֣ͣȻôĿŽհ׻
㻹ʲô
ˮӸӡͷӽӡо˽ӡķⱦ
հ׻ȫˣĿˮǽհ׻ҲǲŵĿˮ⵽ʲô˿ɶǼ򵥵ˣܶʲôһЩͷйϵţЩеΪĴڣܺڵˮȣʱˮһǰЩ˺ڵˮСһ
ˮûпαװʲôɮϾôɢʥķⱦһ˿ĽɫΣôʱˮׯ£౦ϣƺ
ҸԸΪ֪費Ҫհ׻ӰСź޲࣬һֻСƯϻһһ
ˮֱӴһӡհ׻ͷڣǷӽķӡԼһķӡˮ⣬հ׻ʲôֱ˺հ׻Ҳᱳˮ
ˮڵʵⲻհ׻Ķ֣Ȼûд򣬾Ƕתˮоû취ʤ
ת˵⣬ǴҶܿģҲеĺĽˮõհ׻ʾôһеʵˣʤҲ˺ܶࡣ
ü˵ѹоҲСһЩĵҲС˺ܶࡣ
ڼҪŽհ׻뿪ʱ򣬽հ׻ˮ˵ЩҪ𣿡
ˮһһϲæ˵ߣȥ
հ׻סһɽϣɽо޴ĵһǽհ׻ĵ̣ǽհ׻ϳȻǲֱޡ
ˮѻСɽһĶʱҲһ㶣ʲôУҩݣ޵ڵнǮҩսʽ鼮ȵȡ
ǽӹܵģҲ֪ЩʲôҲˮɻ󣬽հ׻˵
Ķһ߶Ǿ޴ĲƸˮĶͲˡ
ˮڸоûЦ˵ҲǴҷǲʲôö˭ҵ˭ġ
ЦЦˮ˵ģҲû£ԾͶң˵Ҷڹ࣬װһ𣬸оõģᵥһ
ˮҪҵǸݷϲࡣָһСĽˮ˵
ˮһϽ߹ȥ
һǣǣڵʯȻ滹нܣݷԼĶԶһٸݷ
ˮЦˣֱˮǰջ񣬵ȻҲһ޴ջ
ˮӽ۱С
̫ˣʱˮٴˣսһÿСڿ
ˮЦ߹ȥǺö
ʶվ˵
Сʺ㣬һ֪ǲǺöˡ
ˮЦȡξѪε룬С鶯ĹʧˡȻղ˼ĿˮⶫһԡӲȡ
ǽˮЦ˵
ôãҲҡȵ˵ţȻȥǶѶ﷭ҡ
˭ҲССɽһĶˣȻ󲿷ֶǿۣкöģˮǿʯҵĽһ´˱˵飬ʼѰҡ
һңû˵ҵˡ


2189 ׻⣬е㱦
ҵǱҵҲǱҵñصһٶȽɣ˺ɡ
ˮһŹ֣ٶȣһ˺ûм˻ԸʹãҪ֪ٶȵҪԱҪҪֱ̾ӷ񶨡
ˮӹ˱ȽϺʡ
ˮ뵽ǰɽս񣬰ɽսٶȲ죬ڴ׾ɣʹõصɱԵĶֻƣǴﵽһ磬ʵһбеС
ɽս񿴵ⱦҲĶٵٶҲеԽܣٶȾˣ޷ˡ
Ĵ磬ҵģٶȲ죬ں㣬˵ұ֤ٶȲˮĴԥֱ˵
һˮĻ϶ʱٶܲʵȴô࣬Թˬˮˮ˵ģٶȾͲ죬ƾ̵ľȻƾ̵Ǿǿɡ
ɽսоԼӳأȴǿޱȣ·һȭͷȥͿԽɽ
ĹǰͬȻѰˣĲ֮ܶ඼ǰԱȵġ
ˮóݹӣðɽսԵʱȸָɵٶȣʣµһ㶫Բ
ʵɽսٶûʧٶɶһ㣬׬һ㣬ڵݹɣ֮ǰٶɣһ˺ɡ
ɽս񼤶ɫ죺ʵֻܲˣ׬ˡ
ˮɴóйӣЩӶǾ۱軹һЩⶫӳֵģȻûЧģܾǰѾûйЧˣֻһЩͼʵЧõٶȡʲôġ
ˮһֱûʹãܾǰʹùһΣҲ֪ڻܲʹãҲûԡ
ֱóһѵĹӣÿʮ֣ÿʹ仯ÿһʮԪֻʹš
ˣرֱ˶ʮԪ˲һ룬˵Ԫвʮ꣬˶ʮꡣ
ֻǸпʵںٻʮٻʮ˵ûʲô̫𣬲ƣȻϣ꣬Ϊ๱һ
ŹֵĿˮʵϿȫɣ˵ǸСͻơ
ˮƷҲҲҵһ

ˮڱȽϺõģƺ͸Ե
Ը񵲵һĹ
̫ǿˣǿĹĴڣʹøֱ죬һӵĴڣһ˸ֱӿԸ񵲵Ĺʲô
ˮоԼ˷һԼֻʮҵĹ
ĹһԽ
ڱ㶵ĿˮСĺôе棬ǿĵطǾ硢ٶȡ
˵ûҵҵ˻ؼҲǲûԸֻһƱսˣһνսҲ׬˺ܶ࣬ƲȣݻٵҲǺǿʺϽսĴڡ
˴ûҵʲô˾ϲĶˮջһЩҩݣѾջ˽հ׻Ӧñջ񶼴ˡ
ΪʲôҾʲôҲûСƵ˵
¶΢ЦʵұСøġ
ˮĶҿɲҪˮ̫ˣҺֵܶû뵽ҡǺЦ
˵ʲôأ˱һۡ
ûûùãҸղſˮվƺռˣ鵥ȥ뵽ù񹦸Ծסˡ˵
̲סһ죬ŤͷߣСӣˣԽԽˡ
һ㶣ˣùþȻ죬ֵˡ
ʱ䣬ˮǰ˻ȥʱֱʹþֱӳڳͿȫʱѰˡ
ˮǶջô࣬ĸҼ𲻹ˣΪˮЩС౻ղƷղƷҪᱻֱ
СȻƯƯĶ̫ˣƷеССҪƯϧƯûãԱӵĿ󣬾ֺпܱӵĶȴǳΪ
ֻ˵ƷƷˣȻеģΪʲô˵Ե˵֮ʵ˵ƷˮЦ˵
ҿƷûġֱӱһ䡣
˵꿴ϽڨЦ˵Ժϼ׵ģչչҰȻҲҹùú档
вңϲðɣֶ˵Ҽ棬ΪʲôҺ棿ˮٺЦЦȻĺһԵʵ
ݡĶӡ


2190 廢ɹ
һ˲֪죬мҲ˼ֻޣɴ򷢵ߵĲ죬ѡʱҲвѡģ֮ǰĵطƺûˣһɹ
ұֵģκ˲ڡ
ˮһǰʱഫϸ΢ǺΧ˵ǵҲ̫ˣ벻ѡ
ĵطţȥˣǸʲôˮʵ
˵ǸʲôǱһǿֽб
ȥ˵ÿԷֱˮ˵
֮ǰûţ˽հ׻ʵҲǴӣаɽսͽսʵʵҵʵٵõӡ
ðһҪҸҰͷ˵
ѾˣҲš
һ˵˵ЦЦѾνһ΢һĵƣֻһĵֻһ㣬ҿޱȵĳ¾ɣſڵȴǺ
ʱȻʮˣվǰǶʮˣǴŽɫӣȫǽɫģһźɫ̫ʮվӲӵĺͮͮģǹʶĿ
Щ˶ǴŸϻˣǴʮˣЩʮĸߴ׳ĳˡ
ƽҹ棡
廢ɹǽɫ·ȻǱˡ
ˮоܹŹ֣ƽҹһȻҲˡ
ЩûбˣҲǣ˿֣￴
ˮﲻʮ˳ֺЩ˵ע⣬һˮ۹Ȼܵ¶һ˿ܵķӦ
Ҳ𣿡һ
˵ǱеһˣӢţɫ俴˵ĸ߹󣬷·һ̫һ
ѾôˣǼӽҲûʲô˵һģǲоеµ𣿡ˮ˵廢ɹͻƽҹѾˡ
һȺСѣٶһЩΣҲɱˣѰġ˲ں˵
ô˵ˮҲûҪȥͱվһˣЩ̫԰ˣϧ԰ıǮǲ㡣
ɱ̸ǲ۸ˣطǷֵģ˷һġ˿ˮ˵һ䡣
̫ˣ֪ɱ֮ġ廢ɹһߴ
Ըû˿֮Ҳ̫߿ԼˡЦˡ
廢ɹʲôʱô˿Ȼ֪Ҫ侲̲סŭúãҵҪ㱱ʲôô񡣡
ˮҲǺЦ˫Ȼô壬Ѿˡ
ƽҹҲսˡ
ʵȷʵʹõĹǻԣ񱩣óĽǵĽ͡
һ棬廢ɹѾһ
廢ɹǸߺŭһ񱩵ĻХһֻͻȻֱ̽Ӵ͸һ˵Ŀڣֱӵһ
սˣ˶ˮԷˮº֣Ͼ廢ɹͻƽҹ涼֪ˮǳ˵Ĵڡ
廢ɹ˶̲סɵ棬ƺ⣬ƺԷԽǾԽһʱǾǷĽ廢ɹӡ
ƽҹ׺ͷǿ忹ҲǿҲǿƴǲˣɱˣǾˣҲٹˮǷĲɱ
һ±ǱҲ˶϶
ĹͣҲһ㣬廢ɹ˻ƽҹʱסѹҲǼӿɱ¾ٶȡ
ˮֵɽۻǻһǻ廢ɹͻƽҹˮȻûһøУ廢ɹһսΪ̨գڻƽҹ棬ԷҲŹԼġ
ֹֻ˲䣬һʱ˫ʧ˲٣廢ɹʣʮƽҹҲʡʣʮ˫һҡ
Ϊ׵һѪʱܷŭҲû뵽⼸ƽҹôҪҪȻҲôء
廢ɹѹҲǺܴ󣬴ʱҲǺֻܿţսпܻ˫ȫһʣˣһˡ
˫Ѿͣˣ侲ƴɱֻ˱ˣûˮһҲȥŵġ
ʦ֣߸ʮˡʱһСűΪ׵Ǹ˵
ɫһ䣬Ҫ⡣
ʱˮҲԶѾһ
ħŵˡˮѾˣΪ׵ľȻħŵ
ˮ֪֣ϴͱħ˸ܾˣһβ֪᲻һΣһβ֪ܲܺħƽ֣ڵı˸ϴǸ⣬ٴ治˵˭Ӯ˭䡣


2191 ȭ㲻
ħһ֮廢ɹ˵Ǻܿģʱű˷·ڿһɫѿһ˵˶˲𰡣Ǻƴˡ
ǣʦ֣Ǻƴˡ
ʦȴѹѹʾǲҪ˵ƽĿŶ棬뿴Щǰʲô
Ѿû˾뿪ҷߡ
ħֱ˵
ħ˵ʱûȥˣǿˮͱиӹ˼ɻһЩ˵Ķ
ĿⱻʦֿУҲǰ⣬ĪǶǼ˺ǿ֮ǰԼԴûкͶԷ֣ʱǲ˷һںˣǷһԼһսƶˡ
ǲģɣֵǣսɱһɱ׬ˡʦ־Ȼ˵
ǲ
˶־ܸߣħҲе㼬֣ԷȻʣ˲һˣЩԱ֮ǰȥҪǿܶ࣬ƴħŵվҲʧأҺ滹и̫ɹ
̫ɹ˲࣬ħȴǲ˿⣬ϴˮһħ﷢ѾˣˮͶĸо
˵ڻȱˣҪûʲôĻǰ״ˣȥʲôöٴ򣬲Ȼûʲôöôˣƻŵ˰ѪˮʱЦ
ˮĻеõģϾĻеŵģ˭ܱ֤оһбأˮ˵ģҪûУ̫ûˣѪ
һεû˵ˣҲû˵˭Ͼûбȷñ˽Ҫֻص֮ǰˣбʱһƾ£ʱֵôˡ
Ƚȥħź廢ɹԼƽҹ棬ˮһˡ
濴ȥŷ֣ԣ󣬵Сʯ۵ľʯ
ˮھݴЩʯ񡢷еõ˲ٺô˷ˮһͨ˹ȥ
һˮ濴˶
һߴӰһȭƣһЩ˹·ߣˮſһʯһȭơ
ЩȭƺǾֹģˮôһĿһֱһʯȻˮԺЩһȭи֣ͽȭ
ͼеƺƲ࣬ˮͨ¿ԿƵ˹·ߡ
Ǳûġ
ȭˮʲôãƺһ֮ʲôЧ֪ˮоӦıأΪˮûпĺö
ħźͱһƣˮ汻˵ˣѻ죬治֪ǸллȥѪ֮ǰѾ㹻Ѫˡ
˿ҲûпʲôˮһʲôҲûС
ǰ߰ɣˮ˵Ȼߡ
Ҳ߰ɣʦʱҲ˵
Ҳ뿪һħʲôҲûأûʲôȻҲûʲôģֻɵӻһ
ˮ˼ߣħŵҲˮЦЦ⼸Ǳһľǰߡ
֪ˮ͸Ǵһʱʣ¼ֱ˵
Ϊǻ򣿡ˮЦˡ
˵׼˵
ħŵҲãҲã˭Ҳ˵ɵӣ̻ڣǲᶯֵģħҲȻ˲࣬ƴǻħܵʧοǶ붯֣ǻǣáˮħ֪֮ġ
ϧһûҵҪıܲҰɡƵ˵
һ仰Ʒ⣬Ժ
ʲôˡˡ
ǲ֮ǰһз֮ȻŮԸģǸǸ˴ñӣΪ£Ȼûʲô˺ˮ˵
ԱߣʱıһΣˮԹͲܲҹù˵𣿡
СҲڰҸղùҲˡˮܾȵĿű
Ȼ֪ˮǹģôű𣺡ܲеϢǰˣûˣϲǸŮ˾׷ȻȢãʲô
ҲǾȵĿűԼĹùûˣʲôʱĹԼⷽ飬û뵽ȻԿĵĵͷһģһġ
ˮЦЦϢһ°ɣһ·
ȻûҲԶҸطϢûйħҲԶҸطħź廢ɹԼƽҹһƷϢ


2192 ˼Ů˲ϲ
û£Ū㶫ųԣ󲻳ԣһƺʲô
ˮаɽսԼսΧһ𿾶˵Ҳһ˵Щʲôп¹ȥһʱ򣬵Ҳĵúܿġ
ҾƣʲôҲû𣿡ʱѾ˱߳Ա˵
ʲôûУôжħЩ˶ڣж˭ô뿪ɽսҡҡͷ˵
Ҹое㶫ĪǱǰˡ˵
Ҳ˵׼Ͼ꿪һΣ˵һҪжĻߣҲҪֶ顣ɽս˵
˵Ҳô˵ҪƴٶˣҪȥÿνֻɨΧԶĵطûȥȥ˳ȥҪꡭϲ˵
˭֪ؼҲˣ֮ǰĵطѾ˽հ׻ȥٶȣҲҪȥʵʱɽսҡҡͷ˵
εֻܼ̾©ˡ
ˮ뵽ԼоУԴҿ˦ħŵЩˡ
ûв룬һطţû˸оһ˹µֻоţһ˲µĸо
ˮ󣬱ЦˣСȷʵиȻҹùÿϡ
ˮЦˣҪø
ˣƵ飬֮ǰӴΣȷֵƣȴû뵽׹ùãЩزƣĶС
ȢҹùùˣһĿڡ˵
ô㲻ϲùüˣˮЦ˵
˵ֻҪҹùϲǸҲܣҶܺãҹùã˵ҹùúòϲһˣ֪үүǶˡЦ
ˮʱͻоĺ棬û뵽񱱻ŮҲ
ˮ򱱻ΨӰһµĸо嵭ϲֳ嶯ȴǻͣ뱧ǻĸо˳ĸоϸĳ磬·˻˺һ
Ϸ·һһˮ֪ϢúֹܶºȾָ֮ġ
ˮһϡͿĺŮ˷һЩڶֲʵĸо
ͬʱиעⱱ
ħ
ŵˣʱĿ⣬һֱоģһģ˶ģܶждŮȴɻߵһ
Ҳᡣ
Լˣڳһˣһս񣬺̫ɹϵõˣƺߵúܽҲõϢ֪ĸ׺ϣܼ޸ˮƺˮߵĺܽϴθǿΪȥ
һŮĸԸΪһȥûѪԵϵǺܶ޶ôһγ׵Ľķ顣
֪ԼûϣǸŮĺۣôϣܽţһԼʲôҪħݣħź˽Ҳ
ħоԼǸ۵ˣôңֻһŮˣ֮ûбŮˣŮ֮ϺܿƣϺܶŻһΣǸŮħźܱأħŮˣΪ˭֪ħֻһŮˡ
Ů˺ܴʶ壬Ӳħ飬ôҲΪԼħΨһŮ˾͸оô˲ʲôģ֪ͣܰϲŮˡ
ħֿˮĽˣİŮһȴǲܣħ˵Ҫ÷Ҫ꣬ȷʵ־ĵĸо
վֲܿƵˮ
ˮиĿħǱӢЦˣˣӺͱͲͣԸ޷ֲ
Ҳħǰû̧ͷ
ʲôˮҲû⿴ħȻ⣬ͷʵ
Ϊʲôϲ㲻ϲңħɳɤӡ
ˮһ㶣˼˵ܡұ˧
𿴵ˮɫ۾ˣȻ˵ȻǲҲ㲻Ǵ㣬˧˶ˣȷʵ˧Ҳ˧
ˮ𣺡ⲻ˧СҲ˧ǽаᣬƭ֪Ůģ֪˼Ů˲ϲģǿǽС󡣡
ҭĿɿڴֹħҲǣʱһУħǰƭ֪Ů̫ɹٹС
ǵģˮ˵˵ʵԸ³ĴͽմҲҪġ
Ӣͬ
ĵͷ˵
ħֻѪ


2193 ߼СеĶ
һȻˮ˶Իǣһ˿ÿĻȣ֪ôģһɣϲ˵˵Щ˵Ļ
̫ˣ̫ˣϲġħ˵óһۡ
ˮС𣿡Լ˵
ǣĲҿ϶ǣ׾ܵСġˮҲǺ˵
ôС̡
оԼ˧˧ˮʴ
Ȼ˧ˣ˧
ˮ⻹ȷʵıǮ
ңǲǴ󲿷Ů׷㡣ˮʵ
ţԺ˵
ǲǺϴҲûȷϵҲûиǮǻҪԵġԵġˮ֣ص˵
ⶼ֪оԺ˾ԸоԺϾŮ˵ŮԿԼġ
ˣʵССŤ˺οͻΣաˮЦˡ
ˣԭСǲ֪ССӦǱŮ˰ûϺ͵λǱŮΧţǵһ㣬û뵽ҲС
ôС𷴲һ䡣
ףС죬˵Ǹ߼СҲ˵һܳɹССҵǰƶһܴĽٽ˴½Сҵķչ
Ҫܴ㣬һҪһ١˵
ҵﲻ㣬Ϊʲôϲңħʱٴʵ
ˮ֮ǰ˵Ǹɸɣٴʵ
˵ǳòУ죬ֲˡˮ˵
ҪٴһΡħ˵
ڸΪʲôûŮϲɡˮ˵
ţ
һç򣬾ͻɱɱ㻹ʲôس˴ɱɱһǶģһҽֻҪпҾܰӹŹһửһᵯ٣һҩһѱޣһᰴĦˮ˵ŷԼĶ治١
ȻħסˣҲ֪ȷʵҽĲ֪ĻᣬԼʲôᣬӦúܶ඼ᣬҽᣬҲӦúܶ඼ᣬүǸ𣿵٣ͻһ
ҪŮϲҪʵҪвգȻһĴɱɱɷ羰ҾͲһˣûһ𻭻ûµ٣פյԣû»ԸĦ
ҲĬˣ˼Ŀˮħһܵɾͻ϶ǰʱ䶼ϣ˵ҲҪٷ־ʮŵĺˮġ
֣Ǹ֣̽ҰɣҲҪСŵ˵
ħȻ񱱻Ҳǳ˼ˣ˵ĶԵģƲܼã䣬ҲٺźˮսˣĿ˱һת˻ȥ
ʼնû̧ͷκˣ֪һУ֪ħԼһʼ֪ûκοܣ˵Լϲ˫Ҳûκν
ˮֺһ޿ײ룬ȻĿܵ
ˮıļ򣺡ԴҪϣиΰ˵ԽΪĿĵ̸ˣå
˵ˮߵŮˣҸһ˸ˡ
㻣˵ı»治Ļ˵Щ𣿡Ц˵
֮ǰˮ˵ĺܶ࣬ȻҲ֪ˮ˵кܶȷʵᣬҽ续
Ȼˮ϶˵
ϴʱִ٣㵯Ӱɣϲˮóβ٣ûǷеӡ
ˮʵӣӣȻͺֲܿˡ
ˮҵǵƣѹ˵ӣˮҪߣԺʺӣһˣҲ٣һһѺ٣ˮѧ
츳Ȼ˵ҲǺܺãѧˮӻҪٵʱ䣬ˮϥţٷڱϣˮӵһӺְֵһ飬΢΢۾ĸŸоߡ
оܺãˮϵϢȻ֮ԭϵζҲôš
ˮùܿģԶħһγȥǲ֣絶ʲôζԼϲİŮҸڱ˻
ˮͷǷڱļϣھĥһˮ޳ܵٴӮˣţڶס
һ꣬ˮ뿪ı仯òһᣬȴǿ԰ͷջˣֻڻʱ򿴵Ǿѩ׵Ķʱ򣬹ʹ洵һ
Ȼͷֱ͵һӶˣˮЦˣԭŮҲôУٶС


2194 о
ĵͷվҿˮ֮ǰ˵ĸоһ֮ż׵ֱӹͨԶеģÿ죬ʱ뱻˱ס֡
ָоŴңǰûоһῴˮ΢Цſץһ޵ݡ
ˮǻţı仯վ
ǻС
ȥһĵطһȫҴȥˮű˵
ΣգǲҪȥˣѾõˣǾڸɣԶҲһʲô˵
꿪һΣ´ʱ򻹲֪ʲôӣҲ֪ܻܲţ˻Ǿ̵ɣˮЦ˵
СģΣգϻ
İɣ㻹ûгΪҵŮˣǻҪöຢأҿɲˮ˵ҲŭĻᣬֱʩչгȥˣľ롣
ˮط֮Χܰһ޴ɽȣΧʯïֲܵˮȻܵǿֲϢ

һĽȻˮͿֻ޴ޡ
ˮԿ϶ûмޣǰ٪޼͵İҪ̫ˣϵ¶ܳ룬ǿž޴ԴԴһݼ
ˮоԼĽ˧һÿˡ
ˮʱ䣬ֻ޴Ѿˮˮһ֮˳ȥ
׷
һ
ˮʵѾ˼£ʱֻҲˮǰ׳ǰ֫ȭȭͷһǰ֫ôϸС
һֻǾ޴βˮȻƺǿ
Ӹӡ
أ
ˮǸǰ֫ȴǱβ͹ˣˮоһ𣬷·һͨ˱ײһ£һ˲䶼ֿհס
̫ˡ
ˮг˽հ׻ѸٽһЩ
ǽհ׻ˮ󷨡ս⻷ԼӽӡȰ¿Ժ˵ĵֵסԷĹҽհ׻ԼҲнӡֻԼʹãӵķǿ
ˮû˹˼ɣֱӾһתƴ˳ȥ
أ
޴һӷǸ޲СĴˣ˶㣬ҲﵽˣӰ޵Ķʱս
ˮԼ˽һЩûˣֱʹ˷ɽ
ɽֱž޴޷ȥ
ٶȺÿ죬ˮĸо
ۣ
ɽֱӴ͸ֻ޴ޣˮҲое̫ˣҲǺǿ㴩͸ķѵǺܶģãˮǺ⣬оռʮӦþ͵ˡ
ˮڷɽǺģҵһʹãȻ˷˺֮ܶԿԽʡ֮һһ롣
ˮһλĲλûбһ㣬ԽķѵľԽ󣬶ԸޣȻԽԽã֮ǰĻͿԲཫĴֱиˡ
СҲû£ԽСԽϬԹӣﴩ͸ȥҲǺףĵط
͸ڸѩϼ˪Ȼ󣬵һ㣬͸ƻȻɽСһԴƻҲǺܾ˵ģһ˱һ˵Ƥ⣬Դ͸ˣͷ衢Ԫǡ
ˮٴοƷɽĴһʵǿϧٶһ㣬ˮ֮㲻ɽ
ܼ򵥵ı͸Դ
ΧûзʲôΣգֱӴֻ֮ˮص֮ǰĵط
һֱԭصˮˮԶ˲٣ˮȥʱ䲻ǻǺܵģϾֻҪһ˲䡣
ôʵ
ȥûб֪ǸطΧһΧǺܰȫˮȴѸתһȦûзǱڵΣա
Ҫȥ𣿡ԥ˵
ȥҲû˦ˮЦ
ϳЩȻŷݼű߷ȥһˮһ뿪ȻҲʰţˮЦЦһξ֮ôЩǰʧˣ׵ʧˡ
ħţȴʧˣʶоˣˮǼűǰˣҧҧǰ
ȴǻһںħűǲռƣûбҪҲڡ
ٴǸɽȣϣŪ𣬴׼Ѱұʲôģڲ˳УϾﻹǺİ
еִԲӣһɳˣοеˣʱ𺳣ˮԱߣڱĵط֪ˮͱڷչŮϵһҶǿռ䣬ǱҲܿ
ǻȴǱˮЦסһֻ֣޹ǣѩϸĸоر㡣


2195 öȭ
ʲôС˵
ˮٺЦôһ˵ʲô
ˮǸ˵ĺ
ʵ֮ǰˮƯҲǺܿĵģֻеţѾϰˮÿ˵ɵӣ类ʱץҲûôľִٲ
񡣡˵
ˮ֪еˣҪбˣԼʲôȻϲԼãԼʲôҲûа취ԱȽϻš
Ҳ񣬲ĴӦһ¡ˮЦ˵
ʲô£ʵ
һϹˮƽ˵
֪Ϲʲô˼ϾԼ˿ɲƺ֪仰һʲôûҪռԼˣˮ˽Ӧܲ³߰˰ˡ
Ϲʲô˼ʵ
㺰ˣҾ͸㡣ˮЦ˵
ϵ˵
ǰɡˮٴţʹֽ֣ñһȻһĪȣȴǺ
ˮ㲻ô˵е㰧Թ
ˮˣŮ˵ԽԽḻˣԺܳΪŮˣֻҪʿˮƻˬ
ңԹСŮˣôǲҳ衣ˮ˵ᱧһֻԴҪ磬øҲУΪѾͺ׸硭
쵰ڿЦã뱩һ١
Ǵ쵰һ䡣
һˮԿ϶ŭһ㣬Цˣûзڵǰ˺ܶࡣ
󣿽еôġŶ䡣
еɰˮ´½һͷɰ
ָֻӣģ
ˮ֪ˣܱ̲Ц˵Ů˳ƺԼ˽Ϲ
Ҿ֪ûġ˵Ҳ
ԺĸԸĵĺϹᱧңȻ飬ˣ֪ʲô֪ôС𣿡ˮЦ˵
ˡվԼ
Ǹߣе㶫ҪоˮϽס
ûȤԼоɣͷҲص˵
Ķˮ˵
ʲôҾ˵ôûжˮ˵˵ˮĻֱ˹
𣬻˾ǼҲˣ˻
ǿǾһȭȭҲֻ֪ʲôãһ飬һ˹·ߣǼǺˣһ飬ǲסͱʾȭԵܸоȭô򵥡
˵ˮʼʩչ˵˹·ߣĶܻȴǼֹ񹤵ĸоƾͲһȭԱġ
˫ۺһգգĶţɽսҲǡ
һȭˮһӣȻ˵һ飬ˮĺһֽ⣬ϸ档
ûһǱˣܴﵽ綼츳ˣڹĿﲻһȭǿԵģѧ֮仹к֮ܶԻ϶סˡ
ˮʶеȭȻ޴ʯһϹǿݹһ
ֻһȭ
ȭĹķÿһĹͷȭĥǣȹ̸ǿ塣
ô򵥣ˮ֪ˣȭԵУһڸȭʵǴɷǣȹ̸̱ԪʲôģЩҪġ
ˮǲ֪ټǰļƺףֻҪ˾ܴﵽһֻҪ΢ˮԺȭ
ʱ֮Ҷͣ˱һҵõĺôѾܳˣرǰɽսͽս߸׸ܵеĺôȻһӵʵǺܶ࣬һԲ٣Ҫȹ̸ǿ̡ɷ͹̱Ԫĺôһ΢ĺôѾܵ˺ôԺǿԸܵ޴ĺô
Ǵﵽ˶Ů˵̫ǿȭ;йϵˮȻ̾Ҳû̫֡
Ǻܿģȭô˵һ˶ˡ
͵˰ɣܵһҲǳֵˡɽսЦ
ǸֵҹùûˮõĲ࣬Ľп
ĽսʵͰɽսһõСʺԺСԼ


2196 ʮ磬ǿʵ
һ͵ҹˣ˷ܵ˯žȻǳˣڴҵջģͬʱҲмˮöҲĵĺʹҷɲһ˿ġ
Դû˵ȴǼǵˮĺãرǰɽսͽսҪˮǰСҲûá
֮ǰħɢϢҲûзֱھɢʲôϢҲţ뵽˻ƽս񣬻۾
֪ˮѾ߲˳ĴڣǱڶоˮհĸо
һμˮûзʱ䷢־ȻԼֹˣ˵Ե·ˣҲҪһֻԵ·ƺҲС
ˮϢֱӽɾ
һȥʯѾھ۱дﵽһƷʣ൱ٸݷˣֻǲ֪ɲֱʹãҪҪƳݷõĻǾ鷳
һˮǺģȻֱʹãˮڶˣɴֱɽ
ɽһҪݷ̫ˣһƷʵʯ൱ٸݷҲպʮ磬ʣ൱ڰ˸ݷʯ
ʮҪʮĸݷʮҪһٶʮ˸ݷ
۱ֻһƷʣˮаٱ䣬ԾһƷʣٱǸҲһ仯ֻŽһֶǻһƷʣŽȥּϲŻ䡢ɻһʧȫʧ
ڵݷɽʮ磬ˮٴεõߡ
ǽɽ
ʮ
üгԱܵ˺һɣս
ٷʮĻָٶȣӶʮйӶʮзӶʮĶ˺ٶܵĶʮ˺ټܵ˺ٷ֮ʮ
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Ӱٷ֮壬Ӱٷ֮壬Ӱٷ֮壬ָӰٷ֮壬Ӱٷ֮壬ٶӰٷ֮壬Ӱٷ֮壬Ӱٷ֮塣ʯӱĹֱʵսС
ٷֻ֮ʮİٷ֮壬ӵĺ٣ʤޡ
ˮʵٴ١
ˮʵʮʮĶʮʮǱܵӰٷ֮ʮȭ򹥻Ĺʮ
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񵲱񵲱ʮĸˮ൱߰ķ
һεʵ˲٣رǷˮĶתҲǿ˲٣ϷӽӡתܴԽ߰˺ӷģȻӲʹһΣҲˣֻҪץסᣬһξ͹ˡ
ˮ磬ʮļҪٸݷʮ
Ǿ۱֮ģȻҪĸǺǿ󣬵Ͼֻ˺ֻܼܶ࣬ͿֱӼٷֶʮ˺ֲܿˣ϶˺оӻָ
һ˾ƣ֮ҪָɽˮĻָӿٷʮСٷʮҪġ
ɾ֮ѾˣˮˣɽսͽڴȭϰڴһֱȭʱѾβ״̬
һᱱˣʱһƧĵط
Ǿ⸽ȥȻһˣҲźܴϣѰҲ֪ĿģѰǶᱦʵҪģȻЩػ޵ģĻʵþԳˡ
һɽ߽ɽУˮ֪ûʲôˣֻǿޱԼˣӦûбǿˣҲǺܵģ˵ʵǿˣѾﵽʮ磬֮ǰٶȸ죬ϬƻǿˣɾѾԹˡ

ˮһɫСһĶɽϣӭɢǿҵˮֱȥֲɾУݣԵݣҩʱӽȥĳֵҩĲϡ
طҩʲôĻ治٣ȻʲôĵرҲȷʵˮ˵ǺܺõĶ
ˮұԼɱֻ޵ϳǲʲôö˺ܾûҵԾͷǸ뷨
ܿտҲܴһͣͣȻˮͿֻСޣһˮҲһ㶣ֻС޺֮ǰɱһһģһֻ͵ģ֪Լɱֻһһԣҿǰ⼸ֻСޣԻûԱʱˮһˣֻС޾Ŀǡ


2197 Ѫܣ׵
˵ʲôҲСĺÿ⼸ֻСҲǺܺÿСԴȻе󵫿ôףɺÿˮʱһӿ˲֮ͬ
ˮͨͻ֮ѾҪʹãһ㿴һЩĶʱԶ
ھͿˣֻСоȻһֻѪԶʱѪܵѪѪֲܵͣԶʱǿĴڡ
СһȻ߳ɵѪܵѪѪԽսԽͣԽʵԽǿǰһԻгԽԼʵϵĶ֡
ѪԺ󣬿ڹлָԪǿѪ
ˮɱֻӦкѪܵѪѪԲߣȻ֮ǰˮҲûзˡ
ֻֻôһֻôǿ츳ֻȴٷ֮嶼ûдﵽҲ˵ȴǺѪܵѪ
ˮ𣺡㲻һֻ˵õĺҵĻͰֻСѱˡ
һ㶣ˮӵǹϵȥѱˮݸʥ޵ǳʥ޵ѱޣ޵һʵ޶˵ĺøд
ѱ֮СһͱһЩֻô󣬲ĸĸǲ˲֪ٱ
Сһڵӷһ˿΢ı仯ǿ׳ˣˮɴóһЩĶʵɳʲôģһͨȥСһٳʮꡣ
޵ԪǺܳһ㶼ڶʮ꣬һֱӶȹ˶ʮֻ꣬쳤Ҳﵽ˶ʮףǿ׳ˣҪǿŴԴȻеǺ
ˮԽͷԽܣֱٴóϹʲôģֱٴιȥ
һ治ԽסҩĴһֱһٴαһ֮࣬ھȻһζĴܣںڵƤëǿ׳Сɽ
ʮ£׳ı۰׳Ĵȣɢֲɱ⣬ѪϢʱˮٿʱһѪѾﵽ˰ٷ־ʮ
ҲˣѪܣ
ˮˣһиˣȻѪֲĴѪܡ
ѪѪֲĴڣӵޱȷѹƺצӣٶȣٶȱͬѪܸıɱͬʵѪܾһô򵥣ɱ
ڵѪȻûг꣬ʵѾֲܿˣˮƵʱ򣬿л˴׵硣
ȻˮͿ׵鲼ϵĺ£缲һ㣬Ѫ׵֮вϵĴ󣬲ϵķ޴ĺ쳹
ʼ׵ѪܸûпϵգʵҲڲϵӣҲ̣ˮʵʲôˡ
ѪܵҲӣ׽ٲϵ£һֱܾ֮ѪܲſʼһЩرǿ׵磬ϸСֱա
˶ʮףǿ׳ˣްԵУڱҲ֪Լѱһʲôڡ
˵ڳ˶֪Ѫܣһж¶ĽǺöһԶϣиⶫսоȽֱ
ǼڵģѪܳŲԼˣƻ޳һֱûеõ
ãⳡ׽һӳʱ׽ˣϾٵ٣һδѪˣȴǶȹнʵҲǴﵽһֲĵز
Ѫܰ׽٣ĵݣѪֱӿսˣѪǿĺôʮ꣬Ѿǿ׶Ρ
½кܶĵҩˮΪд½һЩ鵤֮඼ࡣ
ܴﵽˮĺ٣֮ǰѪܲǲųѾ˲ʱˣճѪܾ޷ﵽЧˣٲԶʱ䡣
˴Ҫ̱ԪʲôģȻصģˮвٹ̱Ԫ
ǿˣܿġ
ʱˮȴͻȻסΪһֱѰҵĶ֮ǰӴ׵ȻֲȻŵ׹⣬һѩ׹Ĺӡ
׵
ͻȻˮˣ׵Ȼģʲôֻ࣬Ҫ߱׵Զ׵ˮǸֱӽһֲɾû£ŰҲֲȥ
Χѱ׵ʲôҲû£µȻһĶˮεõħʵһƬģֻǳΪ׵ħǱ˼ʮδħȻڿԽ׵ˡ
ˮģЩӾͿƱܽٵˣⶫԺãˮҽǿ󣬵ȴ޷˹˱ܽٵǾͲһˣܶĸ֣ϾֶܶⲻٵĽϣپʮǺܶ࣬ÿһǾһʮξһܳŹȥһҽҪµΣ


2198 ɹҪ£
֪׵Ҳ֪ˮһֱѰңҵˣҲǿĵ˵ºˣҵ׵ˡ
ҵˣǲ֪ܲáˮʵҲûе
׵ʲôãҩ²
ˣҪһӵˮЦ˵
ϡֱ˵
Ŷףҿཱǣٹ˾Ͳˣ˺ԭģңŮһҾʹӦˣʱԶΪΪˮԽ˵Խġ
죡Ѿ̲סˣһԼ˵ʲôˣôͻȻôһѣһﵽװĶʲô
ˮ쿴Ůˡ
ˮǶ̫ˣҾԶĵ߹
εЦЦٺ٣ùҲ
ҿȻСǾһ塣ˮ֪Ц̲סһ䡣
ڲ֪˵ʲôˣǰ͵ģ̫ɹٹܶ˵ͷˣܶģôͱˣǽīߺڡ
ʲôҲںܿģһǲʵӵ̫ˣȻʣµֻޣڣû
ʣµô죬𣿡˵
⼸ֻеõ˾޴ĺôʣµֻҲеⲻڵѪѾǻˣѾʼһЩԸϣǻȥ
ڳûţˮҡҡͷˣҰɣμսɾ
ɾ֪һܣȥɾҲܣһЩ˵ǿԵģŵһЩԼҰµĿֱӴȥ
֮ڲ¶Ѵӡȥ·ǴǺţɾ˵ġ
ӡˮ˵ʲô顣
ԲĽҵ޴޵ϳҲѪܵϳϧ޷ͽհ׻ȣʲôҲûС
֪һܹȥˣˮһ︽תתǰһЩϧʲôҲûҵѾǰˣȺֲ̫ˣһֻֻˮԸ㶨һȺ壬ÿһֻǱѪܸĸʵѷɫʲôигѪܸĸǿڡ
ԴҾȥοҲûжʱˣҲûȥˣϾһҲͰʱ䣬Ȼ֮ſʱҪ꣬ȴһοܳȥ
꣬ˮ룬Щ⻹ˮƣţ磬źܶ޻ľ֮࣬û࣬ӦҲܴ󣬵׶ЩǳǾԱǰǸûӰˡ
;絽׾ԶӾھĳһطǾĳ򣬱ݵĳطҲпһ;һڡ
ҡҡͷˮЩֱʩչгڳڲԶĵطȻһųȥ
ʵȥһʱ䣬Ҳʱֲܳȥ˵һʱ䣬Ҳչһʱ䡣
󣬷ʵѾвˣ˵ˮҲԵģϾоУȴǲͬеǰѾųȥˣ߾ڸԶ
ǳˡʱһȻˮЦˡ
ˮһȺ˿ԼʶЩˣȴǿһˣңǸݵˣҲɹˡ
һȺˣʮ˳ˮһ֮ǰˮһʶˣǸߣǽҲڡ
ʱվһģݺģڿϵ˵λ
ͷŮҵĶӣڸ·ѡ񡣡ֱ˵
üҲ˵
һԶڶ޸Ҷӣѡһɣƽ˵
ˮоЦȴǲоЦΪҵĸףһˣͽһˣɹĹҼҵļһĴڣʵɲ⡣
ѡˮƽ˵
ûеҲƽ˵
˵оУǲľ͸ҹԶ㡣ˮЦſһˡ
һһЦˣû˸ô˵ˣ֪η
ҲˮҵҪôҹԶġ
ɹǰɣɿ㻹Ǹ֪ǸһӺˣ˵Ȯӣ治֪ǲӣֿΪ֪ǲӵĶӳôҪҪһҸоʵҲǸˮǿ˵
һ˱ˮĻһ£ǸƣһȻô˵Ůˣ˵ȻôϾֻǶ죬ƿڴҲȥ֣ܲЦҪȭͷġ


2199 սһɹ
ˮĻһֻСһˮˢƤӲǱ£ҿ汾¡
һ˵ˮ̤һ
һ̤ȥֱˮ˸оһǿѹʵһ㡣
ˮʱѾʵת۷壬󷨺ս⻷Ҳȫ֪һĿֲڣһСĿҪش۵ġ
˲һп
һɽ
һһĳ·һСɽһˮȥһСɽһĶֻȼܻ棬Щ˵Էٻ꣬СɽĹҲǺֲܿ
мһֱ֪ûУ򵥵һѾ֪һ˵Ŀֲʵˡ
ɽ
ˮǰľɽˮȥʱХŷɳȥӭСɽ
ɽڵĹѾﵽʮĹŶܻ㲻ǾԵĶܻܻǿԵһЩǾԶܻǾԵֹ
ɽľԶܻļʺСܻȴһֱڵģɵңԵɵɵʵڼ䣬˾ɽǱСɽײˡ
ȻײˣСɽʣµҲûжǿˣСɽһ޴ѪɫٲסСɽһСɽʧˡ
Ѫ٣
ѪҪǲԼԺͼ̣ڹǴҪģſֲϬѪ̣ѪҲǽˣȻͬն
һ˿ԼСɽˣҲɵĿˮ˵ʵ治оٮٮˣϧԼҵģǵжԵģá
ͷһ֣ͷ·ѿһ㣬ϵܿѾˡ
ˮܵһǿҵɱ⣬û뵽һɹĹȻɱԼɱޱȵǿҡ
ˮ˫ȭսȻг˽հ׻гӽӡŲɫһϴһӸӡ
ɽߵѾ˺⣬ָٵȺôˡ
˼ֻסңЦһЦſˮ
׷֮
ˮ־޴һһﶼһϰɫĹһʵ˲٣ǻָһЩʱߡ
ˮЦЦһ׹⽫һ֡
һ
һ±˲ʵֱٴμһ롣
һ˶ˣ֪ڸҪˡ
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תơ
ΪǿˮҲֱӾǷӹӡͶתơ
ڵĶתƻǺֲܿģˮ÷ӹӡöԷݵѣΣѣεʱήͣʱתƵĹһһ㡣
תӷģˮļ赽׳ɲɲ֪
ˮȵǣӹӡЧˣһϣϴκħսʱ򣬶ԷħӰһ˲֪ǲǹⱻԼУڲЩ
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תƴһϣֱӽһ˻ɳȥǹһ˿Ѫ
һˮҲ֪һıԼˣһĿǿӷѾǷˣǾǿԷˣԽǿɵ˺ԽСָԽ졣
һ˵ǺǿģˮתƿǴ˲СĹȻûдﵽ߰ҲӽӷҲǴ˶Է
ϾһЩʵڵʵˮպˣʵڵһƲǺᣬҲսȻսٻǻ½ġ
һڿˮĿ·һһгһѻ󵶣ͻȻˮȥٶȿ˷ָ

ˮһǱʶľó
һʹˮܼΪһֱںϵľŹƿ޷ںϣڸղһ˲䣬ˮַ·𴰻ֽͱˣһ¾Ȼںˣıܿһ񱩵һ
һ۾һ죬ȻˣȻԼеһСӵʲô̫ˡ
ˮƺȫԼ磬ҲûΪ֪òһԣǲͣĶܣʱʹ÷ӹӡԼ֣жһ˲ã̫ðˣһСľԼǿķҲᱻеġ
ǿˮҲǴ󾪣̫ˣǿˮõľȻǿ
һ˸оޱȵƣ˵Ȼȣֲ̫ˣʹĸоˮǺ;Źںϵģһ˱ٶȲóģڸǱ˲һٶңºֱ򲻵Ŀ꣬ʵҲûãٶȵĿ¡
һһɹĹһǰˣв˿أޱȵʱˮٴһ֡
һѩ׵ӰӴ˳ȥֱӴһϡ
תƣ
֮ǰ֪ѾȥһᣬˮĶתֿʹˡ


2200 ɱһ廢ɹ
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һ˴ƤһޱȣޱȣȻͿһ˵屻ˣôһѪ
ˮһ㶣һƷ̫ˣתƴˣӽ˰ӷֱһܵصϣһεֱɥʧսˮڿǲҪ쵶ն齫Էնɱ
ʱѾһˣҲΧȥʱһ̧ͷˮŬ˵֪ɱңһɹûһḲҵĻҪɱǣкôġ
вңˮЦˣ֮ǰ߸ϵһˣʱȴѾΪ׸Ĵڡ
ѾûбҪˣ˶һɹᱻҲһؽĳӣȻҲľһ˴ʱȻƽ
ˮ˵Ǽ٣ѾΪˣ˵Ļ˵Ѿˡ
ˮתű˵߰ɣȥϢһ£Ϳ뿪ˡ
ҲûǺܿģҪ֪ˮȻһɹˣ״ˣҲˮԣں˾Ź֮ﵽģתҲǺҪûжתˮҪʹɽɽһôˮҲǺ
ʵһɹʵŲСĲ࣬һ˵ˮˣһߣҲˣĹǹġ
ϧˮ̫ǿˣڹԵǿĵͿá
һ˻Ӣ֮أǿ屻תƳ׷ˣӷĹ̫Եˣֱ˺·ֱӳ֮ϣһӾͿԽһλó黵顣Ǿֱӱڱˡ
ͷ·ֻܰ򣬿ǲǿ
ھˮҲԼȫͷ·ԼĺһԼҪǰǿѾ˲ûɽͶתƵĻҲֻܰ򣬲һˡ
ˮħˣϴ˦ǣо֣֪ħЩʲôһģƺڻûеҪָһ
ħڵľǱ¶ϵģΪˮһһˣҪ֪ӦúһɹսӦûܵúܲңǴܡ
ԼӦòԼȷʵһˡ
ˮȻ֪ħô࣬չ¶ʵֱúܶ˶˼ɣΧܶ˶ǳˮΧǿڲѵʱԶãϾС
ȥʶʶ׸ˣһСľԶˡ
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µ׵׳ˮҲǺܿģɾǸ󱦿⣬ˮıϧ˾Ų֮ҲûͻˣҲ֪ûʮ㡣
Ϲǿһ֮Ҳûٷ仯ûʮ쾳磬ˮֻ֪Ƕ˵ֹĻӦеģֻ˵ĿǰǴﲻͻƵ
ڶһˮʱϿԿ϶ǻŵȥĶѾȽȥ˲֮
ˮƺŷ֣еУеڶУеԼУԼΪһ̰ģɱߵˣռǳȥҲû֪ʲôһҧУԲһЩƾ͸ˣϾֻһ˵
ˮڲ֪˵õʲôҲû뷨ȥ٣˵Ʋ¶׾ˣһ֪ʲôˣͶˣûбﱻ˲֪һǲᶯֵġ
ˮЩ˽żЩľżӦǵõʲôԼ³ȥ±˷ƿգԽٽԽǿļ
ڻаʱͿԳȥʱ򣬼վŵǰ
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ˮɵĿȥΪȽϽԿú˿һ㣬ΪΪԱȶЩơ
Щˮʶ廢ɹˡ
װͿǰɣ˵ֱһ֡
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һǸ˵һ첲ˣһͳƺߣ廢ɹô۸ߣ
۸ߣǿʳʶľͽȻɱ㣬һԵõΪ׵Ǹŵ˵
˵ʱƺе˼ɵĿˮҲ֪ǵˮ֣ơ
ˮüǱɱ˭ɱ˭ûκθоǿ廢ɹģҲ廢ɹǵӣԸɴֱһתƹȥ
ž
Ǹ˱ҪǸ˵һ첲ģȴֱӱɱˣʱŵġ


2201 ʵ˵ر
ˮ̫ɴˣûκεԥҲû˵ôֱӳˡ
ʣµ־ŭˮȴһҲ˵ħڲԶʱüǺ廢ɹǽˣǹ˵ģǶֺǿܰԵҪȥֲþ
һ˶ģһ㶼ңʲôңһʮãһҹ֮ȫˣôĶУʱʣµ˾ͻҡ
ЩȻңڶԥֻҪһԥϿԿ϶޷ˡ
Ϊʲôɱ廢ɹһ˿ˮ
֪ЩʱͷΣգʱȴҪͷûа취飬廢ɹˣǱ磬˼˶ǹάߡ
ȴҪʱˣҶԷһ˶ʱնɱԼ
̫ˣʵܲˡˮ˵
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ǿ߿ɱߣʵȨҲûУˣڵˮɱɱҲǰɱ
ˣҲɱˣ߰ɣˮ˵
ħͷβû˵µĲ˵˵Ҳûʲô˼ûκ壬˵øӶˣ˰ô˵ô˵
лȣΪ͸㣬ⶫ˵ǻǿʵǸɡ֮ǰǸû˵˵ݸˮһ
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ٹҲҪǵ˵ʲôȴǲһǸ͸ɺϡ
ˮҲûƴǣ˹Ȼ˳ֽǸ˵˸첲ϣǲ֣룺ʲô¿ȥ򱱻ʳҡ
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ʱһһĹȥѾˣ˶Ƿȥˮһˣ֮߳š
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ȥ˶֪ҪʱͻᴫĶ֪ˡʱɽսҲ˵
ʵҷͻƽսŵģֻ̫˶ѡ
ҿĵ뿪һ٣ϴˮ³һ֪ʲôʳˣֱζĶˮ濪ҽݣ֪ôõĶԡ
ʵҲͱҷͻƽս֪˻ٵ֪һ㣬ͱȻ֪ɽսͽҲԹˣʱˮ˼Ρ
öһֱԣҶ֪һ㶼һΡ
ˮ½˵һЩŵ飬ǵõĺôǺܿģҷرĿģڸоˮʼҵĹˣˮκõģһֱ˿һޱȷŮƺСദĲȻΪñͱʵǵõ޴Ľ
ҷͻƽսֻп£ֻҪǿˣʲô˵ұˮ֮䲻һߵһģҷͻƽս񿴵ĺס
սһ죬ͨȻһֱˮһͨǵСҲ
ڶˮͱãҷ̫ɹѾȥˡ
ҲҪˮȥõģҷˡ
صɣƺӳˣõڸˣΪһʱˮһɹϢ˿ԭڸӳ


2202 ǸŮå
Դӱ֮ŵƺͺˣˮоŮԼͱռ䡣
ˮǵñҲϲŵԼŵ˺ܾƺûзʲôʱƺ涼ôˣǸоϤ
һˮͱŵҲڣˮŵǺܿģǻˣţչ
ŵǲϲҪϲͼӽҺûʲôϵ˵ôŮˣҲںٶ༸ƽЦ
ˮŮʱһĺܰĻôҲû뵽˵ĳ
һӽϧ˼ϲ㣬ҡŵԹ˵
˲ǶϲƯŮҾͲϲ㡣˵꿴ˮ
ȿȣǸʲôҵĶ𣿡ˮһ˵ߡ
ĳˮʶȤߣŮЩûʲô¡
㿴˰ɣϲҡŵЦ˵
֪ϲ˵
ôô϶ŵЦ
֪㿴Ϳ˲һ
ʱϲһ˲ǷҪӵеһʱߵһƻָоϲңᰮңȹңҸоҺ֮һ˵룬ܿҪңҲߡŵЦЦ
渴ӣ㲻ףҲûио벻Ҹо벻ҾҪȢ˵
ŵһЦſű󣺡ǴСİʵһֱоŮǲġ
ΪʲôҲһ㶡
Ϊ̫ˣоû㣬С㣬һ뵽Ҫſϣ͸о䡣ŵٺЦ
Ůåͻ˵˵

ˮǳţһâһǳһĶ޻ȴǺܺÿˮҲⶫʹ÷
ֱʹã޾ԪԵõһֱңҲĳ
һ־ǾѪҪһϸȻҲһֱȴǿԴﵽҡ
ȻʲôҲûˣⶫǺöڿʱ򱱻˽վˮߡ
ˮΪţ̧ͷŮˣŮԽĸоָ߲ʵĸоȴǿԿߣرǰǶͦΣˮͲɵ뵽Լץ˼ΣǸоꡣ
Ȼˮ֪۲ʲô
Ҽǵ˵ܴˣǸٺ١ˮվͱ֮Ҳһ߾롣
˵𣿡˵
ŶˣҾˡˮЦű˵ߴ֡
㲻۸ҡ˵
Ϊʲô۸㣿ˮʵ
ҺòҵһίˣҪ۸ңԺˣⱲӶ޲ȥˡ˵
ˮǸǱʲôֻܼ޸Լһ˵ˮ治˼۸ҲֵϢ§
ҲûǾĿˮ˫ؽһȾˮ¶оεЦЦĸо䲻㣬ҲоҲ䲻㣬Ȼ䲻㣬Ҿ֡
ʲô΢Ц˵
һ𣬲ŭϲߣǸоܿģŸо֪ôôһԼĸоˡ
ҲΪʲôһˮץûʲôɱˮ飬ǵһôˡ
ҪҪҸ㰴Ħһ£ҰĦַܸģѨûͨĦԸͨˮ˵ȴһͷŮʱᷢ
ˮһӱǻɵĿˮ
ôңֲȫĦҲ·ͰĦһ顣ˮϷñ΢΢ĸоȴֱӴ鱱ȫ
ãҪʹҾԶǰЦ˵
ȻЦˮ֪ȴǺ棬Ļ
ˮͷȻһѽᱧ
ʲô󾪺
ض㲻ҪӦôңҲֵ顣ˮЦſԼľˡ
ף˵
ˮñſڴϣѩ׵Ĵ齺иоһѩ׵·ſڴγһΨĻ棬ǰЩPSΨƬһٱ
ߺͣȴĻȣβ˶󣬵̺ܷ飬ǡô״ˮݲˮڡ
ʱ˵ڸʲô
ˮڱıϣûлͷ


2203 ǿǳ
ˮִڱϵʱŮ˵΢һ֪ŮʵܽŵģΪʲôˮĦΪ˴ͨʲôѨˮ֮иϵ֮Ĺ¸һЩ
Ů˾ڸϸԣô׳嶯ȻеŮ˺ܳ嶯˸嶯˵˸嶯һЩӾԸǿһЩ
ֽ֣
ˮıİѹࡢ
һ˿˿ָ֮ȵ֣彥оҲƽ΢΢۾ҧأԼһ˿
ֵֽǲֻǽеģĿ԰һŪ޹һҪʱ䣬ȻֱӿԳΪһžѧˡ
糱ˮһϮ˺סҧ촽ȴǿƲסķϸ΢㽫ķ·˺
Ѩڲ֪Ѿͨˣˮ縧һڱıѸٵߣ֮ôţʱı̱ͻȻоһ˵ֱС
Сƺ£һ˲ĿһƬհףȻоͻȻһ㣬һ̵·һԲľţҷһת˻ǵĽȻ֪֮ǰʲôˣȻﵽ۷ˡ
ûлˮΪǸĦûģ̫Ȼ
ߣˮͷڱУȻûŮˣȴе֪ΪʲôЩŮ˾ˣ뵽Щ
ʱ޹ǣĳӣ̧ͷˮˮֲǵһΣ֪ѾйˣͣһĽǽɣϵĳ
оʪʪģߵò˵ˮɲȳȥ
ˮ֪ҪʲôҲôȥҪʲôҰ㡣
ããԼȳȥòá
ˮ֪Լ״
ˮЦˣ˵еĶϣñһ
С˵
ղŽеҪһҾͳȥˮ촽Ķˡ
ȥȥ˵
ϹҪҾͲȥˣҪ󲻹ְɡˮٺЦ
˵㻰֪˵õôǲ뿪ġ
ڿ֪Ϲʲô˼ģûа취˵Ϲ
ĺɬƺȫ
ţСԣһ
ˮ˵Ƿ۵Ķһ¸Ͻ˳ȥ
ȥˮٴоǳȻ˺þñˣʱһ˿޵ĸоѩȴǳ˻ʱˮȻ΢΢
ȥططӵˮ֪һֱ٩ԺлᣬҪ
ǰһɽϣˮȡطξѪεǳУȻͿǳҫ۵ĹΣȻıСһĽطС
ʲôˮʵ
Ļ˺õıɡ
˵ط﹥һʱӵʱŹӱ䶯ġ
൱ԵˣطҲǺܿģ˱֮ôõĻ治٣ֵõ˾޴ĺô
ҲǺܿģЦ˵Ҵõĺô̫ˡ
ϴҺħ֮һ̣Ҿ֪Ⱳӱ뿪ңҵʲôԸ㡣ˮᵭЦеĳ谮ñﶼһ
Ļ׶ûи˵ɫıܿĿ⣺컬ࡣ
ˮڸоŮԽԽŮˣر֮ǰĳܴ󣬱ϾôͷһΣ𶯻ǺܴģĴӦ֪ԭˮԭ򣬵Ȼڲˮۡ
ˮгޣóһǳˮϣ޵ٶȣоӷѾˣͷʲôģǻûκ壬ǰ׷ˡ
ɹˮЦˣɵٶȣٶȣطǸһġ
ˮоǳӦʹõͻһ޳˷֮ٶˣӦûУԾͳٶȡ
طĹǿ񱩣ɣǶôֲĴڡ
ǳˮг˽հ׻ˮһõɵķ
ɵ˿Իɵķ⵹ˮ⣬Ȼ˺ܾҲûףǺ£Ҳǲˡ
һˮ֪Ǹʹãڤͽʱˣȵȿ˭ҪˣڤͽʲôʱϵҲ̫Ϊƽ⣬һҲԸıʲôޡطհ׻˿ˮģû뵽˸ɡ


2204 ̫ɹϯ
ǳЧˮ⣬ű˵ǻȥɣ
ٴλصá
ڵȫԾˣʲô˻ˮ棬ڵҲοţһЩش󼲲һǾ֢ÿ춼æ
ҩһ飬֮ǰϹأЩǧ
Ǯ˺ܶ࣬ˮֵĹúܶ˶ûа취һֱñֶˮϧ³Ǻܲҡ
֪ӵݸ֪ˮһɹˣû¡
һʹ̫ɹϵ˺֮ܶ࣬ǰ̫ɹȻҲǿкܶǿģһֱûа̫ɹģҲ̫ɹ׳֦
һжΪˮΪˮñ˿ϣѹԺȻɻڴҪ磬ϧǲ֪ʵѾˡ
ˮЩֱӲôΪǸо˲Уףѩ̿ѣЩԺǲ㹲ģھǴ׬Ǯġ
ˮֵܣڰ
ˮЩʱһȻͿʮ˽Ϊ׵һŨüۣͣʱˮĵ˵·𿴵ʧɢֵһ
ǣˮɻʵʶû˵Ӱȷʶˣʵ
̫ɹģǿܲ죬Ժͻˣʶһ£̫幬ŵӡ
ͣͣˮϽס
Ϊ׵ĺӱ˴ϻе㲻ˬͣ
ںæǻ߰ɡˮֱ
㣬̫ɹϯӡ˲õ˵
Ҳ֪ʲô̫ɹҲ֪ʲôϯӣҺæûд㡣ˮõ˵
һ죬ˮɫҲˣˮһʼͲϲˣڸûκκøУܶԷʲô̫ɹšû˵̫ɹԷȻôԽǿ̫ɹǿ
úãܺãǿ㣬֪ô߳ŭ˵
ˮЦˣ仰ֱˮ׿һʲô̫ɹϯأˮƽҲ̫˰ɡ
ʵȷе˵˸ûаһзоˮ˵СͰκ˷ԺߣˮֻаǮ˴ȴմմϲκ˷Լȴǧڣˮǰɪܲˬ
Ψһ¾ˮᣬˮѾʲôϣ˵ȻͲôǨͱˡ
ɣҶ֣Ȼ治ܱ֤ǲáˮЦ˵
ǲ֪ôʲô̫ɹʲô㲻ϡ
ʦ֣˲ֵύſҲġ
ðҴʦ֣ǲ֪㣬ŵΣ
һֱӳˮһȭȭӰܽһһһ
ˮҡҡͷȻֱһӳ˹ȥ
ž
ƣһƺݺݵĴϣֱӽǸ˴ó˳ȥϹʮȦ
Ҳ˭ڹȥȻҲҪˮΪ׵˲м˵
֣ɱһ
ˮǸŭ治Ǹˮȴ˵ȥ򡣡
˵ˮͷȥٶȿȣ˴ϳȥˮվڰգҲǸȥһˮ·Ҫһ޲ðˮʬΡ
ˮоԼ竣ʲô̫ɹʲôҪֵʱ򱱻ˣվˮߣǸɱá
ʲô̫ɹϯӣˮû뵽֡
ȷʵǣ̫Ψһжɱºܴ鷳̫ɹǲԶû˸ɱɱ޾鷳ڱǲɱҪ£̫ɹ˵ġ˵
ˮǸʵõʱͲֱһתƹȥᣬˮ˵ûɱ
쵰ɫԴܶ˵׳ɵӣȷʵɱкܶǿڣһʮŮһж̫崫УѾȢ˲ʮŮˣڸޣѾʮŮˡ˵
ˮˣȻ鶼Уǧ绹治УˮȻں̫ɹҲ˽⣬ˣ˵̫ɱá
Сӣְ㲻ɱңҽҲҪɱ㡣ŵ˵
֮ǰˮ֪ʲôļĴڣˣļܣɱþֻ취ˣˮЦ˵ұɱ㣬ɱͱˣǲŮƣǲÿҲôʱ䣬ֻܾܿǲǺܲˬ
ˮһȻǸǹֲ֣˵ҪöˣҲƵˣĿǿ󣬿ϧڷҲһӶһ㣬ȻŮУҲˬֻǲܾˣŮˣ˵ܶ࣬رǿŮԹ֮زز


2205 ǳ׹
Ůһһ˲ԼŮ㼴ʹҲһ־޴źԽԽأʼų⣬ǼﳤڼΪ¡
˲֪ҽʦҩʦԶ֮Ҳ֣ȻҲôҽΣû˿ƣѾʧȥġ
Ҳ֪ô̫ٲõʹ˳ȥ
ǰ̫ҲãΪʲôģڲøŮϣܶ˶Ϊ෹Ц̸
ˮ˵̫֮ɫǺ죬ˮɱǿң˿ΰԣ˿θأ̫پˮɱйͷ֮ޡ
Եôǿôһ仰Ϳ԰ѳ
̫ٲˮΪʲô֪ԼһоȡЦԼԼ˰̣Դһӣ֣Ҵ򣬲Ҫ
˵ɵܲͣᣬҳʲôѵκԼëˡˮëκҧĺء
仰ȻЧ̫ٸϽ֮ͣǰʶˮ治ǳˮʵģˮǸҽƺĺ棬Ծԡ
ˮûԷҲ˵ֻƾ֢֢֪Լ㲻֢ܶ಻ܾٵҲ檳ȺһӣҪ滨Ƶأˡ
ᣬԣˣΪԼֻҪõ㣬ݣһԼӣǰôˣǸǰԼɹһû뵽ˣԭڵĸоˬ
ϸβ̫һ²ʵ
ǣֻǲ鷳ɱĳòҿԸ㿴д۵ġˮЦ˵
˼˵κҡ̫پȵ˵
ֲԱ˵ƺΣҿԺ׵ĸκã֪ǲǺˡˮŵ˵
úãֻҪκãǮ˵ӽԺҲ㵱Ĺ̫ɽ˵
ǮǮֵǮģҲ֪Ĺأ˿ҪҪһĶĳˮ̫˵
һĶûҲңô죿̫ü˵
˵ԼģҲǿȥòԼĶ
̫ˣԼģҵŮ˺ͺӲܸ㡣̫ٺ˵
ˮͷðɣҲû㣬Ů˺ˣǶģûȨҪ
˵Ķԣ˵һ䲻Ļ̫ٺ˵
ˮŤͷЦЦɫͷ̫٣ˣҺڸղŵĻˣʲôҲҪˣκˣ͹Ժû±ҡ
̫پȻٺЦˮҲˮʲôˮֲָѸٵĻһľ֮еһصϸСͨһߣ̫ϸоԼȺĸһֱ
·̫ڼûиоԼô͹ǰȻҲǿֱȴûУˮģһоڿҲСʱ
һУˮ룬ȻЦ˵ס֮ǰ˵ĻûңҪŮ˵ѾˣǿģԼģɱ㣬ܣܵĻ֪û˿׷ϣҲûκңԺ֪ˡ
̫ں˵֪Ҹоɱˣ֮ǰڵҪлл㣬ʲôлأ˵ʲôڶҵĴˣ˻쵰ɲģ֪֪ͼҲѹС
ˮЩҲоһûô쵰ڰ֣˵ˣá
ʦðɣ˵ʵҵŮҲƯǺûñȣ治֪ʲôллһ鲻֪ǱһĶ͸ɡ
̫˵ݸһǳ׹Ȼˮ֪Ҳôң˵ʵԼԼҽ̫٣־ͽ̫٣̫ɹԺлپۣҰ㵱ѡ
̫ٵҲɴ࣬˵ˡ
ˮҡҡͷͷʱô棬ҪɱһӦˮɱԷģû뵽ȴǻɸΪ񲯣˵ǱһҪɱԺЩ
ҡҡͷЩʱߵˮǰǸƯǳ׹ݸˮ
ǳ׹Ưǳһ㣬ɫӴţɢΣȴرƯ
˺ԭ̫һֱţ˲ôƯһƯŮʽһ̫ٶû͸ŮˣŵõûüԾ͸ˡ
ˮǳ׹Ȼסˣͨ׹档
ǳ׹ɳɳ
ǿĹ׹
ҪʮεߵξѪ


2206 
ÿΪ˵ֵһ˺е崺磬ԻָƾԼ
ǳһʴǳɵķ
ǳͣÿڵֵһ˺֮ٴ˺ʱʮ֮κһȫĵطȫԼϢʱ
ˮˣǿĶÿͶеҲǺǿҪⶫȻǿɳɳġ
ܶǲܳɳģʵпɳɳϺٳɳֻҪļֵԻᷭһ࣬һֱûɳҲǸ޴ϣ
󿴵ˮһֱ׹˵ôǸö
öˮ˵
ôãҲǺ棬Ͼͳ̫٣ڱǸ׵ˡ
ˮֱӴ죬Ȼסָоһۡ
ˮ֮ôһ£뿪ʱָһ£ñһңȻˮȡѪǹ׹ϡ
ǳ׹Ϸҫ۵Ĺʱˣ̫ÿˣһһĸоڱг֣Ȼǳ׹ԶĴ˱Ĳϡ
ܻʱǳ׹ǿȻ̧ͷˮ֪ĺãȴǸԼ
ˮǳ׹̫ˣҲܡ˵
Ѿˣô졣ˮЦ˵
ĶеĽʡ£еĺ鷳еҪģǲôҲҪԪˣ궼ѻָ
ˣʲôҶĸԸģϲ㲻ѹĲϲҲңҲģҲøоǷҵģΪİˡˮ΢Ц˵
İˣ
⼸ñĴǺܴ⼸ˮ֮ǰ˵ʱǺġ
ҲİˣҲ֪ǲǣˣλá˵
ˮЦűС󶼻˵黰ˣҪˮ
ˮ磡
ˮһ£ⲻŵģģȻǼƤ񣬾Ǻгܺˮûκ׼ֳˮоޱȵ⡣
ͣ
󿴵ˮµ̲סЦˣݣһôĵЦЦˣһ̱ʻŵ˲仹Ҫö౶
ƮԶܶʱҶоôĲʵ·ʱڿնȥǾ֮ϵ칬ˮп
˵ûƭҿġ΢Цţʱܿġ
㲻˵ѻ˵ѻƭҲ֪ƭʲôѵ˵ĺܳƤ񣬿Ҳû˵
ԭô˵ģֲÿôŮˡˮ˵Ҳܿģһ˵ƽ
˭˵ôŮˡ
˵ģôѵ㻹ûŮˡЦ˵
ȿȣ̫ɹΣˮ뵽ʵҲΪ˲⡣
ͷǿĴڣҲܺãǵ̫һƺ̫һһжһ£̫군ˣ̫ڵʵҲ̫ǿΪȥĥرĥʹһҲûС
Ű裬Բɵģ嵱һڽӴĹߣȷʵҸˮЦ˵
Ҹʲôʱ䳤Ҳ᲻һһֱܵı֣˲Ƕϲ𣿡ʵ
ţǵġˮ˵
˻ãڵüˮͱСˣסͬһ㣬Էһû»֣ˮҲıˮɾһġ
ƽжȹһֱܰˮҲ˲ٲˣ˲飬Ͼǿߺܶ࣬Ҫˮһˣ岻ȴԸΪˮһΣˮʲôĻһ֡
⵹Ǹ⣬ˮҲ֪жǲ嶼ǲ²⣬ΪԷû֪ˮ˻ô˵ԲŲ²ģһԭǶԷʵֲܿһɹҪǿ
ڱ̫ɹڣرˮһɹϢˮʢϾˮǰ;
һϢˮͱ飬ŮŮҲȻûлޣ洫סһˣû˿ϡ
Ůϲˣܶ˶Ǹпϧ֪ԼûϣԶˮ˶Ľĳɷ־Ӷ࣬ڼʻ漵ʲΪоԼûκϣŮˣ˭öожĸдǰČ˿ĿеŮֻҲûʲôоΪ˿ϮŮĸʱǵ˵ļҲʲô


2207 ʮѾǿ
ƽһιȥˣˮʱɾڵŰٱĵ㿪һʱʱ䣬ڴɾ
Ҫݷ̫ˣҲ֪ɾܸٶϣԽҪԽ࣬ǰٱÿһ㿪ʱҲԽԽˮܵһҪһʱ䣬֮أ껹ʮ꣬Ҫʵʱ䡣
ˮо֮İٱӦòô׿ˣˮоҲͿ㣬֪㵽Եõٵݷ
֪һʱˣˮٱ䣬ǿĵģ١
ʵһٶʮţǱܵһٶʮţɳһٶʮţݷٸٸΪʮţļʯһţļʯһţļٶȷʯһţļָʯһţļʯһţļʯһţļԷʯһţļܷʯһţӰٷԡ
ˮĵľݷ¶ٸûóֱӷٱУһ൱ٸݷ
ֻҪ뵥һľһƷʣ;۱һٱǲֻܷϵģȻͻ໥ɣһµĶһֱɵһֻȫʧ
ҪһʱɽˮǿĲٱ俪ʱ䡣

ˮɿĲʱ仹ܽܣʱӦһˣã뵽ЩˮҲеƣҪԼռݷˡ
ٱʱ䲻úܾãǶˮ˵ΪҪһҵʱ䣬ڱ˵ʱԲϣˮȴǿɰ
Ȼ൱ٸݷȻٷ۱С
Ҫһµʱ䡣
ȥҲˡ
ʮļҪٸݷʮ
ʮ弶Ҫٸݷһٸ
ʮҪٸݷһʮ˵Ķھ۱ȻҪӱ
ˮȵķݷҪȻûб仯綼Ҫٸðеݷ꣬ٸڰٱһƷ൱ٸ
ʣ൱ڰ˸ݷʯ
Ҳ꣬Ҫһֱ֪ԺǲǶʮ
ˮȥЩеģ͸оرĿģȻǽļķʯҲϣȻʯӵ΢΢ܱûкá
ȻˮڿĵĿԼɽ
ǽɽ
ʮ
üгԱܵ˺һɣս
ٷʮĻָٶȣʮйʮзʮĶ˺ٶܵʮ˺ټܵ˺ٷ֮ʮ
ӡǶʯ
Ӱٷ֮Ӱٷ֮Ӱٷָ֮Ӱٷ֮Ӱٷ֮ٶӰٷ֮Ӱٷ֮Ӱٷ֮
ˮʵʮ
ɵķˮķﵽ߰ٶʮ
񵲱ʮĸˮ൱ٰ߰ʮķ
ˮɽԵʮ˺ʮзˮķﵽ˰˰ʮ
ɽԵٷֶʮ˺֮Լٰٷֶʮʵ϶ֵʵѾ˽һ룬ˮķӽӡӸӡԼս⻷󷨡
ˮ֪Ѿﵽһǰδеĸ߶ȣˮ߳һʵĴڣҲһܴˮʵսʱغܶ࣬ٶȣʱһЩʽԲܵıʵ
ˮǾ֮壬ǿǿ󣬻ָǿ󣬻о꣬ҲǺǿˮڿ˵ǿߣܴˮĻ治ࡣ
ɾˮоˬʱúܿ죬ڵѾˣǰׯ԰¿š
ҽʦЩ˺̫ɹйϵסˮͽҲеҽֻҪѧͲ䡣
Щ˵ѾˣеǿΪеûΪﶼǺܹĳƺˮһʦ
ʦƣʦǴУЩˮʦϧû֡
Ծȫãˮͽܣûʲôǲֵģ»ԾβõĲ˵ʱŻ档
ˮǸ̫㡣ˮڵĺԺ˵
ʱ̫٣̫ٶԱأ˵⣬Աһθȡ
̫٣ˮɻ󣬻ˣǰκõǸǹֻ֣ǲ֪ʲô


2208 Ʈ鿡Ѹ
ˡЦ
ˣĪǵֲʹˣˮɻʵ
һӺˣ쵰ģʲôҲûˮһֱˡ
ԽԽŮζˡˮЦ˵Ҫñġ
ǣһ˿ĻȣȻɣˮȥˮںԺڵѾ˺ԺˣǰԺʱ򿴵̫š
һվˮܿġ
̫ǳ׹ô˵һһǿЦ˵ôʹˣ
ʲôʹûûУҽء̫ٱ֪ʲô˼ˮʱ֪˵ʲôˡ
ϵܣȾƵģ֪ĸ˲ںҵõ̳ǰ̫ٿĵóһ̳ơ
̳Ӳ󣬵Ҳ֣̳ӲֹӵɫܴϵΡ
ˮȱþƣ̫ٲ֪ˮ̫ٴ򿪾̳ʱҲһ㶣ΪȷʵԼĻǾʲôҲ˿ѷɫ˵
ˮľطݣݾӦҲطҲǺԶˡ
ζɣǳٰ̫ˮǵһ룬ְԼһ롣
ˮЦź̫һ룬㣬ŨƺһζлȻøоȫ˵ĸо
ⶫġˮͷȻҲǺʵ
һطģ־Ҫݣôݾͻۿۣ̳صģԲôúȣǸƵľҪܾúܾ֮úȣʱҲˡ̫˵
ƽʲô֣
Ʈ鿣̫˵
ɲԴȥʶƵˣˮʵ
ԣƢܹ֣ƺܶƣҲ˭򵽵ģе˻ٶǮҲһҲ̫˵
ŶԸáˮ˵
̫һֱоԼû뵽ڷֱԼ˻ࡣ
ˮ˵ȥȥһʱ̫̫ȥ
̫ڱһ棬˵ͱһεģʱԽ򱱵ʵԽǿҲˮҲո˵ǰ̫
ˮ̫ٵٶҲʱ͵̫оУȻĻҪһܵʱˣһ·̫۲ѣˮ·ʡȥöʱ䡣
ޱȵĽֵŹӸߴĵ¥һӵ޾ͷ޳УʿʿҲսȹ˲ϵ
еޣеŷݣеŵеŹе˵ģгȺġ
дݻķεӵ߹Ҳгݻ޳Ĺү
ˮϰ磬ÿοرĸоһϵ磬һʵ磬ҲһŮ硣
Ůˣ̫ٿˮͣΧʵ
ûУϲŮˮЦ
˸˵ƵľǸŮǼҴģŮһ㣬޹ˣֻˣҲûãĸʲôҲˣֻԼһƼҡ̫˵
ϲˮЦˡ
㿴ҲϲȻ޹ˣ˵ʵŮ˾ǱҲѷɫʲôΪ޹ˣиˮţ̫Ůˡ̫˵
ˣ˵ЩˣǿƵģԺ˵ˮҡҡͷвپƣ಻࣬Ʈ治ϾܺͻǾȣԼ֪ƷӣԼɾĲһΣ÷ƺ¶ƾҲѷɫ١
ôƺˮ뵽⡣
Ѹ壡
ˮһ㶣ϤЦˣʵѵֱӽйѸ壿
[̫˵
֪ѾߵһƧλãǳҸ徻طף徻ֻԵģļط徻һЩ˵αԲ硣
Ʈƾӣ
Ƽҵ֣ͨƺеΧܶ඼Ƶģÿҵ˺ֻܶ࣬Ʈƾ壬ƺһҲû
ôúȣΪʲôûй˿͡ˮʵ
Ϊһֻһƣֻʮ̳ΧЩƼҶǽƮƾӵģ򲻵ƣȻȥЩ˵ľƵܱߵ˶ռƮƾӵıˡ̫ƺ˽⡣
ͦ˽ûˮЦ
ǰҪôŪ̳̫ٵҲûзˮĴȤ
ƮƾӵǹŵģûѾڲƣ˵˶֪ҹŹֵľƼң˭Ҳ޻ˮܶ˶Ů˵ע⣬ƺûеóѣе³ܲҡ


2209 ɫѸ壬־Ʒ
̫ٴͷƮƾӣֻСģҲ׸ߣҲ׿ڴ½Сˡ
ȥĵطǻԣķ᲻¥㣬ƽԵúܿտǰˮһҲôտĵطס
ԺкܶණõĺܶϣҲл꣬ˮˣԶһ԰
ˮʱһŮ˴Զ˹
ˮȻѾ̫˵Ů˺Ưһ㶣һٸһŮˣһ۾ͻĸоⲻϵĸоȻ¶ķ顣
κŮûʲô𣬲ԷһЩرͦεţ·߸ߵĳк֮ǼͦرгС
ĸӦһ߶㣬ֱ޳˫ȣǸٸĻڵǳ£ֻ˫۾䣬һĮһС
ֹͣںڵĳ򵥵ţ͸¶һ֪ԵϢ
С㣬뿴ơ̫ٵ˵
ˮָоʵĸо̫پȻҲôһŮǰôġ͵
ţɣŮ˵ֱ뿪ˣʼնûпˮһۡ
дԣɣܺеѹȸУǰֱĸо
ˮˣǴûôԹԼ֮ǰôƺԷڵã˼ҸԼ
ˮҲûֻκ˱ĮȻоˬ
ˮ̫ЦˣҪֲ֣˧
ұ˧ɡˮ˵
ʲôô˼˵ұ㣬˧ĻȷʵҵΡ̫Լ˵
ˮ󺺣ɣ̫Ҳ˧ֻ˧ȾͲ̫Զˡ
ˣΪ˿𣿡̫ʵ
ŪƷģڲϣˡˮ˵
Ʒһ㻹治⴫Ǹرá̫˵
Ҹ𣬹ҲȤƲһᣬŮǲܹʲôƺܳ硣ˮʵ
»ϷұȫնɱֻʣһˣҾ˵¸ϢֻҪôҾͻȫ̫˵
Ȼ飬Ȣˡˮ˵
û¶棬û˺߽ŮҲһֱûٺʲô߽һֱ񡣡̫˵
֪֪Ů˵ʵˮʵ
ɣ̫˵
ˮҡҡͷʵǿǿˣұɱǶõˡ
ʮǰ̫˵
Ů˻ᣬˮ˼꣬Ӧúͱ࣬ʮǰʲôʵЩʵ
ʱûжɱ𣿡ˮʵ
ˣԷʵǿʵֻԷɱҲ˺̫˵
ˮҲǸоһͷˮˣ[Ӧˣ˵ЩҲֲġ
㿴ˮԭϣҪ䷽û䷽õĲ϶㣬ҲƲһľơ
ߣȥܻܲƷˮ˵
̫ٿЦǺˮһȥŮˡ
ʱŮһ﷢
˱ȻŮ䣬ˮ֪ⲻ䣬˹ǿԭ򣬾࿴һϻȴǲǰǴĿ־壬ȴϲ
ҪľƷˮֱ˵
̫ͷôֱӵ𣬳ɵӣ˭㡣
ɣŮתǵһôֱӵˣ˲ɵӾǻۣɵӦòǣȻ̫һ𣬵ӦҲɵӡ
̫֪Ů˵뷨֪᲻ȥײǽ
ҿԺ㽻ҸһЩơˮ˵
Ůü
ģҵľͱҲֻŪ־ƣľҪݣҿԿٰѾƵ̺ܶ౶ˮɾҪо۱Ͱٱ䣬Էˡ
ˮ˵갵һС̳÷ƣֻаҵС̳ӣܾ£Ҳǹӵ֣Ȼóһɱ˰뱭ݸŮˣǲǹʸ񡣡
ƴ򿪵ʱ̫پסˣζƮ鿺һΣ֮ѾĿˡ
̫ٻǵһοŮ˴һнӹƱȻĺһСڣȻɫɣеϸ΢ı仯һ˿ȷ·һ
ƵģѾˣãﵽƷҲҪꡣŮ˵ɺѹȸУȴǶˣ˵Ĵ֪ԡ
ƷķôˮЦ
ƷҲƲ÷ӦֻԼУһ÷û庮ǣҲ[ƺԾƺоѵúһ˵ô໰
ôܻľƷˮŮʵ
ôõĶҾƷȤŮҲǲ⡣



2210 ̫ٵŮǡ
ô˵ɣ־ƿԺƮȣҾ֣Уҿ֪ķ֮ԸĽһЩĶӦñ֮ǰҪһ㡣ˮί˵
Ů˿е÷ƣﻹʣôһٰ룬ߺȥˮǾӨҺ屻̴µĻرĺá
ӿԸ㣬ķӾˣƳƮ鿿ɲҳ[ˮ˵
Ҫ󣬵ʱҪٸ٣ɣĶ㡣˵
ûҪĶǷӣ߰ɣ뾲һ[ѷӷˮǰ뿪
ˮһ·ӣĲϵǺңЩҪ󣬱ҪɹãҪɶãʲô䷽ȡ
䷽ˮ̫뿪ƮƾӣҲƣ㲻Ǳϳȥġ
ϵܣˣôҲȥҼҿɣ̫ٺˮ߳[ļź˵
ˮȥģ̫ٵĻͷãǾʹ¡
ʲôôңǰܼҲãҲգǰ㵱ֵܵģ˵֪ͼҲҪ˵ʵϾûԵ޹ʵİҲûԵ޹ʵĺޡ̫һ˵
ˮû뵽һ˵һ仰ܶԣϲŮˣŮ˵ͿǸɣǴףǳԣֻǽڡ
ãǾȥԺ̫ҲˡˮЦ˵
ãҲˣҵһѡ̫˵
ˮ㶵Ŀ̫١
ҪңѣԺֵѺܶģұϾǸûʲôʵ٣ЩʵûеѣҶףûѣȻҵԭҲѵģҵһѡ
ˮ⣬һϾǸ߻кֱҲУˮԸܵһûߴΣյĻЩǲģΪһ߲Σĥ޷ͻƵġ
̫ɹ
ֵ̫̫ĻҪ̵ģ̫ɹһ̫̫ɹʵӦÿŽǰʮģǰʮĻ϶໥ʶҲãҲգʲôģҲǿԴֵ̫ģû˻
ûʵĻҲҴһҴϵƵĴھͱʾһˣҪһЩսٱߵһЩʵڡ
̫ɹкܾã̫ǸȻǵ̫һǸ飬Ҫȹһܲף̫ٵҲڳҪֲ
̫һˣҪָҪ˵ֲ½עشУвܶϣ̫һþǴڽӴ
ˮÿ뵽͸оЦǰǸ粻֪˶ۺ̫ٵ
̫ɹޱȵɣҲˮһοôţǰˮҲǼٵĴˣ̫ɹǲ˲١
ռ˴Ⱥɽ̫Ⱥɽ̫ɹռ˴һľ޴ɽ屻ȥ˶ˣе٣еĶ࣬ɽһ㶼Բ׶Σ֣ϸپ͸һ㣬ԻĵطСһЩĶðһЩͽʲôľͻһЩ
Խߵס˵λ͸һ㡣̫˵Ȼˮߵļɽеһȥ
ߵļɽ֮һ̫ٵԺӣȻܸߣǺܴģ淿Ҳټ䣬Щл԰СϪʲôġ
ȻһȥͿٵŮ˳֣Ȼˮ;ȵķ֣ЩŮ˶̫ٵӣһǴŮһʮ
һЩСӣһ㶼󣬴Ŷ꣬꣬Ӧа˾ӡ
ЩŮ˼ˮһ㶣Ͼ̫ٵһˣǸİˡ
ֵˮǶҵŮˣҵӡ̫ٽܵ
ˮŮ˶һ˵ˮŮûĶ࣬˺ö౶ˮЦźЩŮ˴кóһЩյ͸ǣŮϲģˮв٣Ҳòꡣ
ЩŮȻģк뿪ˣһŮû뿪Ů˿ׯ߸һСк˾ӣ޳ݿҲǺܺá
˺ˮҲ֪̫ٵޣʱԳһˮ̫ٵϣԼ
ɩӣԼˮϽӹĲȻ̫ѣǾͶߵ˺һ㣬ߵ˺ã
Լûʲôһ塣Ů΢Ц˵Ҳûִˮӹ
Ŀˮ𣿡
Ϊʲôôʣˮʵ
Ҹ״ӦòͨˣʲôⱾ𣿡˵
һ񡣡Ůʱ˵ѵҲǺᡣ


2211 ˸ӣ̫һ
ˮȻЦ˵޷Ȼ̫٣׿Ĳ
̫εЦЦĸ׺ã
ˮ뵽Ѿ˲ٵĳɳʵǱܵʲôģֱóһݵݸСһ͸
̫һˮֿ̫ٺĸס
̫ЦЦлл壬㸸Ҽǿҩʦ
лл壡̫һ˵˵
벻Ϊǿߣˮʵ
룬롣̫һ˵
ˮСһ뵽ǶɷǵãҵңҲǺǿ󣬰ˮɸһֻһֱôҵԼ
ʺܺã̫ɹҲȱͻƵİ취ΨһĵľǸҽȭÿϴһʱ𣿡ˮʵ
ܣ̫һᶨ˵
ˮ̫ȭȭ̸ûлر̫ٺǸŮˡ
ɩӣӦҲˣⶫǺöҲҪԽ̸κˣʵڻҲһ㣬Ǻܶ࣬ԺܻܶࡣˮЦ˵
ллףŮ˵ͷ
ϵܣⱲӹƾˣɲǿߣиܴܲӦҡ̫˵
ˮһ㶣ͷ˵ɣܴӦҶӦ㡣
ˮ뵽ǳ׹ֻҪ̫ѵ鶼Ӧ
սΪӡ̫ٺ˵
ˮһ㶣ŮҲһ㶣Ů˴ʱĿˮ竵ǣȻʵһ㵫ʶеģôص˿Բһˡ
ôңˮЦˡ
ûбı£ҵ۾ԡ̫Ц
ڣ
ڡ̫˵
ãҴӦ㣬ŮѾˣͽҲкüˣңԺ󳤴ˣǻġˮЦ
̫Ц۾˻ٰ
常ԺҪһ̫תͷ̫һ˵
̫һڴʲôҲʱҲĸˮͷˮӽԺҵӣҲڼΣԺϣסһЩĴҪ̫Υµ顣
һġ̫һС֣ص˵
ˮԴܿɵģ㣬͵Ǹļ񣬲סҪֻΣʱá
ʥʯָϴεõĺôһ飬Ѿˮ˲ʥʯֱָ̫һһǸôʹãҪ
̫һܴ֪ܿôˣٴĸˮġ
̫ϣɫֶǺȱģ̫ɹҲûֺöȻҲĶû˵ʲôԼܵõһѾĵ飬Ϊ̫һִ̫ɹģ̫ҵˡ
ûʵһɣûж٣̫ˡˮЦŵݸ̫һ
̫ûнӣ̫ˣҲ˵ˣǺܶ࣬ѾһˣҾͲҪˣ˵ʵͣûҵġ
ʲôźˣɲԸ񣬼סбһҪռȻԺռҲûˡˮ
̫ٸмĿˮûʲôģеĹ㻹濴ϡ
ϴθǸ׹ڴڱϣָļֵҲС°˰ɡˮ˵
㲻Ҫοҡ̫˵
ǺãҲοˣңˡˮЦ
ˣ͵ˣٻѹҾ°ɡֱ̫ӵѪˡ
̫ٺܿģˮ̫һЩĶһ׶·оݹһЩ伮һʱѡһóȤġ
Ȼ̫پˮȥļˡ
̫һһжŮǺܶ࣬ʮλ⻹˲٣̫ٵĸҲʮңҶǿߣڴľʮ
̫үүҲʮϻһҲʮʮ̫ɹĵ̣һǲ£̫ɹʲô˵顣
̫ٴˮĸףһŵˣܳ죬̫ƺҪһ㡭
Ϊڴ½
ãˮи
ﵱԼңĸ˺˵ʾˮ¡
һһĸ˽̫ٵĸףȻһѡ
ˮ̫ٵĸƺ˽һЩ̫ٽӴʲô̫ɹӦö֪ġ
Ѽʹ˫ĸ˭ռ˭ˣȻ˶áˮЦЦ
˵úãѲһһһѶǺܶˣʵܶһһѶûУʱѳȺһʧƲ侮ʯͺܲˡ˸п˵



2212 [ܽٵ
˵ĻˮҲЦǱԣʹʵÿӦöҪԼԣȴҪˣʱԼҲˮˡ
⵹ҲǣҪҪģǿȣȴǶԷı⣬ǿȶԷǿȣһûˣϾͻʧȥǿȹĻỹҪԱơ˿ĵ˵
һᣬ˵ʵĴˮоɻʤ
ˮ뿪ˣ̫ˮ̫߳ɹ֮ʵȥȥ[
ˮ˵ʵȥӵˣ֮ǰ뿪ûʲôԼõӣӦ㶫˵ȥһ˰ɣķҲȸ㶨𡣡
ٴƮƾӣɺ壬ŽȥǸŮڻԷ﷢ȴ֪ˡ
תͷˮ̫٣£
ɵĮޱȣˮҲҲûиоʲô̫ȫԼͣ˵ôЦſˮ[ƺϲ˵
Ҫˣ㡣ˮƽ˵
仰Ůһ㶣̫ҲǱˣû뵽˸Һ͹Ѹ˵̫Ѿ˵׼ʱ[˵ˡ
ţ·ƽ[˵
û˺˵Ļҿ˵ôȻûκεԥͱͼܶ˿ܲͬĿ⣬ϾĻˮȴóĿ⿴
ˮóһЩ÷¶ƻлǾԼŮ죬Ȼǲ֪࣬Ů˾ԲҪ
ЩҷӵĶԺһһֱ㡣ˮһռǰװһЩƣ࣬Ҳ̫ˡ
[ӹлл
̫һֱڷ㶣֪ǲû˯ѣо綼еŹ֣е㲻ʵ
ˮһЩ[ƵƮ鿻ȥˡ
̫ˮ뿪̫幬
صʱʱѾȥˣ󿴵ˮȥ̫ˣ
Ů̫˲ãԺһ㣬֪ҲҪʣ˸о㶮öࡣˮͷ˵
Ϊʲô
Ů̫˻ѹйˮű˵
ȥй㡣˵
ˮЦˣŮԽԽζˡ
ɫģ쵰ʲô˵ԴϴΰĦ֮͸о֮ƺˣһָоմı̫ˣд㣬Ȼᱻ
ˬˡˮЦ־ߡ
Ҫʲô֡һ쵰ǿԼʲôɡ
ɢɢ㿴ϦôãʲôĪйˮζĿűЦš
ϵסڣһ˵ЩⲻԼ˵޵ǾԲסڵģԼҲô
˵ˮ˵֪ǲ˼˵ס
ͷûꡣ˵ҲС
ϲľˣˮоɾ͸УһѽˣҾͱ㣬̫ˣôûб˱
ˮĻñ޲һ
ڸоҲ֣û뵽ôĺദˣ㵽׼޲ң˵ʹ컰ڶеԺˮͷű
һôḡһҾͻɱˡ˵
ȢԲòáˮЦ˵
ãܲܲҪЩ顣ŷͷ
ʲôˣˮȵʵ
Բˡ
ð˵ԲǾȥԲˮЦſ
ҪǸ۸ңҾͲ㡣ûа취ˡ

ˮű󰲾ںԺɢϦȴǺƯ˵¹µϾϦͽеһжһһ㣬˵Ľޡ
ɾ
ˮѾ˵׵ֱӲժˣھ۱ƷʣͬʱŽĻбĶƱܽٵĶʹðٱʱе鷳ˣҪһһȻֱӾ໥ںˡ
ôҲҪһЩʱ䣬ʱϲǺܶ࣬ɾԳܣ֮ǰ׵֮󲿷ֶѾھ۱Ͱٱˡ
һ׼֮ˮʼƣеСģǰܽٵĲ϶ȫˡ
߲ݻϿԱ֤ɹˣ߲Ҳ˺ܶ࣬ϾںˮҪ߲ݵġ
죬һˮɿ
ɹˣʱ䣬Ҳǿˣصһ൤ҩˡ
΢ϢһˮŴҩ¯Ȼ󿴵ɫĵҩĴָǴСһȦ׵һĹλƣرĺÿ


2213 ҵŴ
ܽٵƳɹˣȻֻţֻҪǿһҲԡ
ŸǺ˼ˮ˱ܽٵ
ܽٵ٣Լ׵İ˳߶ɽٳɹʰ˳ɣƷʰƷ
ˮһеСΪǶܽһεĽԭǱܿ׵İ˳ɵý½ܶܶࡣ
ܿˮ뵽˾۱Ͱٱ䣬Ϊ뵽ǸƷǸƷǲǿƷʮƷǲǿý͡
ˮжϧ֪ܿˣܣΪ֮ǰѾˣڲˡ
ˮģٴһ¯һǰûھ۱ͰٱƳűܽٵֻƷԼн׵
Ȼˮھ۱зúƷȻڰٱз֮ﵽƷ
ܽٵˮǺģȻһٷ֮٣˰˳֮󻹹ȥҲûбҪ˷ѱܽٵˡ
ɾռЩƹб֦ʲôĶ˱ܽٵ
һ˾ƷܽٵˮÿҩǼ˴ʥʯݵˮԼ֮ȪޱȹصĶ
ֻ˵űܽٵĳɱѾֲܿˣϾ֮Ȫ̫ˣһҪһΡ
һʱ䣬ˮ׼һƮ鿵ĲϣҪҪ´νɾˡ
ˮѾƮ鿵ľƷԭĻϸһ£ʵһЩĶϣ֮ȪһЩҩݣǹݵġ
ٽʱͻȻܶ˳̧һȥڿ֣˵øġ
Щܶ࣬ðΧˡ
ӹҽҪΪҵ
ҽʦҽܸߵôء˵
ҽҲǿأʲôǸҽݲּ˽˵

ˮںԺģԾ˽еæʦˡ
ˮһ㶣Ծҽ˵ģƽ˵˵˵ô¡
ҵүӵҲһ£ԷѾˡԾʧ˵
㣬Է£ȥˮ˵ͷȥ
ңˮ֪ģڱҲļ֮һһҲûк̫ɹʲôӴǸصĴڣֻͻȻһֵΪʲô
ˮʱѾɽ˺ˣ֣ڵô
ڵúرĳˣ˵ʲôҲ֪ô˵ʵܶ˶Ϊ˵仰ġ
õĹµĳٲҲ
ˮû˵߳Ͱ˺ݶ࣬˵õҽˡ
˵ҽô˵
ˮһȥˣֲܼܿͿȥŴԵޱȣ߻ħѪҺҲǷһһѸٲ綾кܴ
ֲŴԣһģֻֻҪѪͳľͻУԴһһʮֲļʲߣٷ֮һĸʶ
ȥǰͬǰһеݵˣ飬ˮҲое㼬֣ĿǰƺԤıģǻ͵ɣʺҲʺˡ
ˮ˻ͬȻǸվߴʱŭ˵ǼŴʱʲôӦ֪ԾûˣҿԸ˵ʱԭ˵һӲ
ˣôƴǣʲôҽʲôġ˷ŭ˵
ǣҿ˰ɣĿ
ǣҪƭӡ
ûбƭռ˺ܴˣҵţҲ𡣡
ǰǲ鲻ġ
ҲһЩΪˮƽ
Ҿ֪֮ǣΪ˷飬ǿ˰ɣ
һ˵ܶסˣҲǣϾն˭˵α̫ˡ
ˮΧҡҡͷ΢΢һһԪֱӴͨǸͬĺӵһѨȻԷͻȻ°ĭ״˺ϵ·
ˮԿϵǱļȻȼһӾͳˡ
ղŰүӾġ
ǼŴԵ
ⲡķʲûô߰ôǸүǡ
ǰ̫˰ϵùʱˮҭ
ˮ߹ȥóʲôģ˾ţ֮ǰκˣȻ˾ţ֮ҲΪñ˿ġ
ת˴ʱģˮүӣһʱ䲻֪ô죬ԼҽκõģһᱻûԵģ´ԼҪٷƾͻˡ
ǲãԼ嶼군Լô
㶵˴͵С


2214 ͷʳ
ˮҲʲôҲСô˵еģȻ˵Ĳ֮ͬûбǵȣǲԼֵó֡
ˮ治ں˻ɣֲûб˻ɹ壬Ծôˣһ
ǿҽκүͻû£
ǰҽ˶ˣҪںǮʲôģôһֱΪβҽҩѡ
Զԣһһ²ѣѵһֱţҽЩӰ˶ˣЩ˵Ϊ˲Ҳôˡ
ҽˣõŻô𣿡

ҽԲллңûмֵ˳ص˵
ڰ˳䣬ô˵㸸ﱻ˰֮ȥģô˵ΣɣԺǰҲκʱҶԸǿʮˣָˮ˵
ûлˣϹȥҪСģҪר㣬ҰҲǰһС䣬С䲻ǰȻǻᱻ˿ɬ˵
ˮҲ֣֮ǰҲ뵽֮ǰҵ˻ҪöôˮͲܣȻҲܶԷթֱξֿˡ
˺ûټ֣ǸˮҪԸãˮ
Ҫңҿ԰㣬ЩһȥԸԿ¡ˮЦ
һԥ
ˣ㻹ʲôԥģǰԼ˵ҪˣȻ˻ʲôԥ˵׼ҿ԰ﵽ㣬ѵбҵ𣿡ˮ˵
һ˳ͷǻط˵ɣ
ˮ˻ãһûֿȻɢˡ
ԺˮͰHʯˮ˱裬ǰHûкȵȤĽһЩ˵˳
ʳ𣿡H˵
ʳûˮû
Ҳû֪оʳоݾ¥Ǯׯҽݡ
ˮû˵Ǿš
ĳһﵽ֮һʳǲӵǿߣЩΪ˱ʳģǵʳǾʳ֣ܲʳʲô־Ͳ֪ˣʳõķˣԲŷ顣
ˮˣһܴʳʲôʳƺ䷽ʲôģȻûȻҲ͹ˣɵʵʳǲھʳ
HͷǵģʵҾǽӴʳھʳǽӴġ
ˮڲ֪ԭݻһǾĺģоǸ㣬һξҪĽĵˡ
ʳʵΣ֪٣ˮʵ
ʳʵھ˵мǿΪõģĺǿҪЩ˶ĴڣӴļ㲻H̾
ģ˵ðҳ¾һһȥʳ½ˣҪǣ̫ࡣˮȻҪǾڣŶԷҲעԼһһġ
ԷӦѾ֪ԼҲ֪ǵĴˡ
HҲ֪ôȰˮ̾뿪ãìܣǸˣϣԼƽƽҲϣƽƽΪԼóʲô⣬ҲǺѹ
֮ǰǱƣ϶ԷֻҪһЩʳʲôģûа취£ֻ
ˮߵʱ򿴵ƺڵ
Ҫȥʲôʵ
⻹ûнҼžѾʼΪˡˮű
㡣ûЦ
ȥʳˮ˵
Һһȥ
ȥʲôˮʵ
ȥʲôˮȻ֪Ϊʲô֪һ飬Ϊ֪ʳǿ󣬱̫ɹƺҪǿһЩ
Ҳԭ򣬱Ҫˮȥ
ðɣȥɡˮͷ뿪
ˮ֪ʳʳڱǺܳģʳǵıʳҲһǸǰһһ㶼һǳһҲ⡣
ʳǵıʳһԲҴʹþֱӾ͵˱ʳûþͿ˱ʳ
һ޴¥ȺһƬܴլԺȺ˺ܶ࣬ſڴϷдĸ̽֡
ʳ
ſźܶݻ޳гͣţ䲻ƮŨķζſڿȥһֱĴܳܳвٵ޳ǽȥģܽȥģӦöеݣǱʳϵεʳ¥


2215 ʳ
ſڴʮˣһҲֻǸʽʲôĻ⼸Ҳˣ޷ǾһţŶǣվڵġ
ˮͱվſѾһˡ
ˮ֪ʳǵһû뵽ʳôĹʵܶ໹ǰԿҲǺ𺳣ҲǿõģоܳɹˣҿҲˣû뵽ʳ
վˮԱҲ˵ˮعЦ˵ߣǽȥķ
ͷȻ˽ȥ
ʲôˣ֪ܶǲ֪Ҳᱻ𺳣Ͼ˶еݵģһǺԸŮ˿ǸҵģϾֲ
ʸԷ
ʸԷǱʳߵһķóԣķҲݵĳʦҲĳʦĳҲǶġ
ŮʦгʦҪ࣬ǰŮ˵಻ﲻͬŮ˵ǰĴ˶Ҫϵĸ΢еΪģǰѧĶҲϵġ
һ·ϵע⣬Ϊ̫ˡ
ˮҲ֪֪ʳĹµһ֪ˮͱˣˮҪľĿģԼˣӦûҵģϾʲôҲ֪ˣˮ̤￪ʼ˵˫ʲô֪ˡ
ʾĹߵʸԷĽʱסˡ
ˮû뵽ԷҪˮ˰ѱʳĹµĽʱ򱱻óһſƬҡҡȻ˾˽ȥ
ˮû뵽ȻйҲãʡ鷳ȻˮֱӰһ٣ȻͻûеһҲھ̶ֵȡ
һԼ־ͻɥʧһЩȨ
дͰ䣬صǴ󣬿Ŀܶڳԣϵķɢˣ㣬ҲǺܺÿޱȵľ£ɫȫˡ
ˮͱһ΢徻һط
һϾзԱλҪʲô
һ׵ݸˮͱ
ˮĿĲǳԷֱӵ˼Ʋˡ
λԵȣƯŮԱ˵Ȼ뿪ˡ
ǴﲢǴݱˣҲǰ͵κãÿһ֮䶼е룬磬Ϊ˶ǱȽϺˬԺܶ˶ϰڴܽʶѡ
ʱĻ˿ˮʶҲῴʶҲῴ
ûһи˹ҽãҾлһ£ҵĺӾκ˰̲
ˮЦЦÿ̫ˣǲסˡ
ٴθлһ£ȻȥԱ˵˼仰
ܿˮĲ˾ˣˮͱԣⷹĲȻܺˮȣȴǺܺãһ˵Ĳ̫ˡ
ҪץסŮ˵ľҪץסŮ˵θ˲ҡˮЦ
ʱԱһһˣ˵Ǹղλ͵ģˮʱǱѾˡ
ʴСþò
ʱһֻˮе㲻ˬоеģ̄ͷ˵ˡ
һˣһѩ׵һȣݿĿǣ񣬾ԳƵһˣǰ˵Щлÿ
Ӧʶġ
󿴵˲ûʲôӦֻ̧ͷһۣ£
λǣҽܽ𣿡˺ܺÿ̬˸оԽе㲻ˬʲôˣݲĵҲԽܡ
ˮܶԷʲôλʲôоڿ˳ƨеЦˮеЦ
ɴ˵
ĻƺҲ֣Цſˮҽбƣ֪ôƺ
ƣǿⱱʳǼҵˡˮѾԿ϶֮ǰձӦǱˡ
ʳǱ˿ġ
ȷʵҼҵġƺԽ˵
Ǿȥӽ֪˭ˡˮЦ˵
ˮĻɫˣǿȻƻǵһμԼˣˣǵڶˡ
һǱ󣬵ԷǸŮˣǸŮˣûʲô̫ĸо
οһˣǺͱվһ𣬱Ͷˮе⣬ǸӵˣɫҲɵѿ˾еҲҪ̫ˣҪ֪ǵ治˿ġ
ˮЦˣ֪ҡ
ƵȻ֪û뵽ھⶼԼ˵Լʶ֮ǰԵԼα
ķôθڰɡ˵һ޹ؽҪĻ



2216 Ҫҧ
ˮ֪֮ǰϾˣҲ˵˶Է֪Լġ
Ҫ˳ȻҵҶˣĪҪҶֲܳ𣿡ˮЦſűơ
ƿˮǵһοʳģΪͱߵýﲻڿˮ͸Ӳˡ
ʳõŰΪ˭۾ˮ
ˣڵһᣬû˵˳Ҿ㿪ˣҲʲôöˮν˵
ԼʲôʱҪǿ˶ʲôģͶˡ
Ҳⱻ۸Ŀǰǰ۸ˣ˫Ŀˮһٵ㣬㡣
ˮЦˣڸӱ㣬֪Ϊʲô𣬾һŮûʲôҲǿԼͶ׬Ǯұӵ˼ŮҪƷġ
ɫܲȻΧˣαҲûа취Ҳ֪Ӧúܶ˶֪αʵûʲôǸ˲αֻҪԼϣôǱ˵顣
ٸᣬȥﲻӭ㡣ƴȵ˵
̫ˣ翴һСֵĻԣ֪˵ЦǳЦˮ˵
ȥ
һ±ŭˣӰˮȥеֱӵˮԴһҪǵסֱӾ͵㱬ˡ

ˮһֱ֣һӾ͸ץס˶ԷĲӣ·ǯһֱñƵɫͨ죬ˮֱӽĲӿҪˣֻôһͿֱϡ
ʱı˵ֻܲͣĳ鴤
ס֣
ʱһϵ
ˮһ˹Ϊ׵һߣ׵ͷȴǱֱŶ̷һִһţл˹
ˮֱӽӵһߣҪԵıƴʱޱȣһоȻԼôʱһʱԻеհףֲ嶫
˳ˡˮЦ˵
ѾȥˣҪ飬ҶⵥˣԶˣ֣ҲÿҲֻ뿪
˵ɣΪ£ֱ˵
ˮ˵⻰Ҳ֣߻ʮˣһǺ֣Цôث֣ҪҵȻҲû˻װʲôء
ãʹ죬ȻǾ˵ɣҳԹСѵĲˣܲСұʳ֪СΣ΢Ц˵
ûȤˮɴ˵
Ҳôľܾ㿪г˵
ҶˣͲˣʲôֱ˵ɣôĨǵ˸оġˮЦ
Ҷʳ׸Ȥ΢Ц˵
ȤĶܶ࣬Ī㶼Ҫõɡˮɺƽ
ֻȡҿԵõģŬŬܵõģҶ뷨õŵģҲȥ룬ͽաߺܿ˵
ΪԱȰǰˮܲƵ˵
ҲһЩ顣߲²˵
۸ǲǺˬˮЦſűߡ
Ӧñȱ۸һ㡣ҲĬһѡ
ҲϲɱɱҵʳҲûȤǣΪѰҿԼ̣ϣԺҪ۸ˣ֪ɺãҺƽˮԼ˵ое㲻š
Ǿ仰ܴӦҵҾͿΪѰҡ
ҿҲиëĹϵһλȥңǵãΪҺͰʲôϵðȻˣǾͻһַʽɡˮ̲ס˴ֿڡ
ʲôʽϣСһ㣬ӦǵǿǾʳµʳҪҪҲ޷۾ˣҲûϹˡ
ȻʳֻһǾ˳Ȼʳ׾ͲҪʲôͷڹꡣˮЦſߡ
ǲ֪ҲǿˣԺﲻʶȤǻǴһӺˡɫеѿˣϾɹܲˬģȻھʳⱱʳһֻ
ˮЦøˣǱĿҪҧˣֻҡβͣҽͿôʳס
Ҵ򣬴УʣһͿˡ߿˵
ֱӳ˷ˮȥٶȺܿ죬ʳҲѸ£ȻһʳҪùˡ
ˮƺǹһֱһ̤Ȼűһڴ֮⣬֮ǰڵλѾȫˣˮȻ̤һʱΧཨʳǳΪ档
ɫѿ֮һȻǱܶ˶Կˣʳ˲ˡ


2217 ʳˣȭ
ˮȥˮһŹϵʹóĴУ̫ȭвϵʹˮĹҲﵽʮ϶ɵ˺Ǻܲġ
˵Ҳˮһֱڿǲɱ֣ɱӦѾսˣϾˮڶھʳĴڻй˼ɵġ
ɱǡʱ򱱻ˮߡ
ˮֱٶȼӿһĿڣȻһȭѨȻתӰһˣתʱһŴ֮ǰǸ˵Ŀڡ
βţ
Ѿ˵ˣֱˣˮתһһˮڵķǰƷģֱӲֱһתƴ˳ȥ
ѩ׵ĹֱӺȥȻ˶ʧˣʣµһĲˣˣ֪ҪҪǰ壬ʱˮһӣһҶֱӲǸ˵ʺλá
ˮİֲܿģǰͺֲܿڸǽҵİַǿֲޱȡ
ʱ򱱻վˮߡ
ˮûʱΪʲôҪɱˣȻ˵ӦҲĵ
ˣֻܸ㣬군ˣˣ̫ɹҲˡ߿ˮͱ˵
ҲŻңʳôǿͲ˵ʳףҲǴžʳͷɵģ֪ҲµĶԲԣˮЦſߡ
ɫƽȻǲµģ˵ԵĿж󣬲Ͳ뿪ˡ
סҵģڱ򲢲ʲô񻰣Ūˣʱôȥء
ôĿ㣬ӮҲôˣӮҽʳף㿴Σһϵ˹
˺ܸͣĿ࣬һɫӣܾϸһ겻ֲ֪ɫӿݻ˿Ҳ߹
һ˫ӥһ˫ۣ䣬Ϭ絶ʱվˮԶʱ߻ˣŴҲǲ࣬ұҼ⼸˶Ǻܹˮ²ӦԾʳ
ˮ⼸ԾʳԭǵʵرΪ׵ǸˣʵӦóһǧʵˮֻԼоһš
ʵˮеţ֪Ѿͱ֮ʹһЩڵıҲиĿѾ󳬹Ĺ
ˮɫǰһˮķǺֲܿģ˫һսˮѸٽԷʵ͵һ룬ǶԷҲܼ֮һʵϡ
ˮڵķս⻷ԼӽӡѾֲܿˣӸӡԼ֮׷ǰǿҲΪһ
ԭǿԵģԷӦҲԼһЩˮĽԷſ£ϾˮɽͶתơ
״̬ﵽ۷ĻôתƿԴֲܿĹս⻷ͷӽӡԼ󷨼ӳֺˮķҲܲһһǧҵķ
ҲΪʲôˮ֪ԷǾʳĴںҲûк˵ԭԼķԶתƵĹԼ֮ԷһǧҵʵҲֻʣһ룬ʲôģˮĶתȫ״̬¿Դ϶Է
ǶҵʳȤǾʳҵʳȤˮЦʵ
ҶʳȤͱʾʳʳȤ΢Ц˵
֪ھʳʲôݣˮʵ
ҵһ㡣˵
֪Ҫ᲻ᾪʳˮʵ
һ㶣˼ɱң
ˮͷӦÿԣҲϲ鷳Ҫʵشҡ
Цøˣҵھʳĺһ㣬ʧˣҲʳʲôɱǣҲͲõľʳˣ˻ᱣģ
ˮܾȣȻоǿоħţֻǻƽս֪֪оˮоҸҪ˼ҡ
ãȻǿʼɡˮͷֱһӽӡԼϡ
˫ȭƺһȦ˺Ȼ֮·һ
һ
֮
ˮѸٴʱԷȭͷѾ˹Ǻܼʵһȭƺ׾Ͱɽսʽ࣬ȴǱɽսҪܶ࣬ǿٶȲ죬ȴǺɣɶ칤һ㣬Ѿȫֲٶϵơ
ԣ
ˮӰˣһֺʵĸоˮֻǸоĿڱĲֺʹȴû˺˲ָˮףɫܾʣ˾ȻԽԼıȭ


2218 
˶ԼıȭǺĵģȭ죬ȴǺǿҴػÿһȭһѹĸоǿ֮û뵽ǰ˿Խס
ѾȫˣΪ˽ʲôĶҲȫʩչһнԷҲȥʲô˿﷭˴޶ûеطޡ
Ӹӡ
ˮٴʩչһӾ
ȻӸӡܽ͹ҲԷҲûʲôоȴǿöԷԼɵ˺ɡ
ļ˶ԷɵĹֻǶԷо
ˮЦЦ˫ȭһ˳ȥ
ޱȣǶóģԷɵġ
ԣ
ò˵˵ȭˮܺãɴˮˮڶȥ˲ǿȻٴһȭ˵ϡ
ˮȭԷ϶㲻ԷķȴǺ͹еһȣǳصײˮˣԷȻûܵ˿˺
ûõģĹƲҵƤ⣬ѨҲûãﵽһʵѨǿοԴѨ
˿ˮλöѨ
ˡ
ˮ˵ֱӴ֣Ȼһɽʽ
ȻСģˮĹҲ޷ܣԻסһЩ˵ҪȻ֪ܿˮһѣεġ
źܿѣʧݸܵһɰӿȵǾȻֵסϵĺˣεģˮʱһĳ˹ȥ
ɽʽĳһȭ
羢ȭ
ȭȭǿˣ羢ԴƷͶ̾ıһȭݺݵĺĿһƵ
˵һ£ѸٻָûܵʲôӰ졣
˵ûõģĹ̫ˣĹһһֱҪҵ
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֪ҾǶʵսĥһЩսô֪û˺ĹҾ㡣
ˮЦ˵һӡ
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ׯϵķʥһӡסˡ
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ˮڸогɾ͸УһУ⶷תʵ̫ˣȫ״̬ˮÿԴһǧҵӷΪӷԲǶԷķˣֻǶԷʵ
ԷʵԴﵽǧǾ˵ҲʵĻܣˮĹǴҲҪ˶Է
˵ʵˮһûеѾһϢˣʽûʮҲָܻˣԶָܻˡ
ҲǱ𺳵ˣʲôʱôǿˣʵѾ˻ƽսˣⱱʵҪˣȴǺܿģԭѾôǿˡ
ʳɫһףʱҲ֪˵ʲô
ʣµ˷ˮѾȻԵˣѸٵķŽһҩȻһˮԣɣߡ
ˮŶԷѾܿ϶˽ж´ȥ֪ǻܵʲôĳͷ
֮ǰˮ˵˵ˮɱһ˳ʵˮ˵ģһǳˮķˣ˽ռʲôģʳǲģþʳ֪ˣƺҲǺصġ
ˮĻҲһ֤ʵˮ뷨
ˣ˴ˣôԷŹǣô˵㶼ûܵ˺Ѿһ˱δ֪ˡ
üƺеŭúͲͷ˵
ž
ˮֱһӳ˹ȥ
ΪԼĿĲϧˣҪǴ򲻹ǣǲֻһʲˡ
ˮĿǰһӳˡ
˻ûбôĵλҲܸߣﱻôǸˣźܶˣһЩǰΨΨŵŵСڱǿԼ˳⡣
Ųֱɱ㡣
ˮɱѾˡ
ͨ
ֱӹ˵ϣңҵļûңҲˣ˻ᱻɱŮ˻ңҵĺŮ֪ǸˣҸᡣ
ˮһˣʱ΢ͷˮ֪ʱңڽս
ž
ʱѾٴʹöתƣˮֱһתƴ˹ȥ
ȻѡϣǾ͸ˣ˴¾Ҫе
ˮĻ˵꣬Էűĳʧû֮ǰǸǿϲЩ


2219 
һһˣɱ˾ʳˣڵϵǸڲˮûɱϲնݳҲϲϾɱ֮ǰ˵ģѡϡѡϾʧȥѡʧȥϣʧȥҲʹⱲӻϵͷˣΪǺǰˣԶڸϾɱˡ
ʱˮſ򱴼ңµĴʱɫףžʳ˶ˣǻ˭ʳ˶ֻѡϵһ֣ǻôѡ񣬲֪ûѡȨ
˵ÿ˶ҪΪΪԶһۣ²ҿԴ͡
ˮֱ˵
ҵɫףҲɴֱ࣬Ӷ֣е²־ñ˴ͣһ۰Ҫ
ס´ԵʱһֱɱǣҪģɻ
ˮǸŵˣһҧֱնһ۰ˮͲٿһۣű˵߰ɣ
ˮͱ뿪һֱûô˵ʱˮʩչкŷȥ
˵ʲô˵ɣ
ˮⱱ֪лҪ˵
û뵽ôǿ󣬲һǵĻþʳ֪ˣȻ˻ܵʳĳͷʳҲΪ˶ӣ˵ʳ᲻ӡ
Щĵ˵
ˮڣҪôͿЩա
ˮ˵
ԶǱнǣ翼ǰɣ
ǲġ
ǻʳҪˣҲôҲûа죬򣬴򲻹أ򲻹أô죿
ˮű
ڶһ٣㿼ǡ
ⲻǺҵ
ˮЦ
ޣ㡣
ɫ΢죬ʲôʱ򶼲վԼˣʲôʱˣ˼ЩЦ
ҺģһҪ޸ңȻ˭ȢҾΪйػѡ
ˮܷɻ
Ŀˮûꡣ
ðɣ˵⣬˵
ˮĵͷ
صãһҶˣһĻ裬ˮһҶ軳һϢʱ嶼ˣһҶڿ㲣ˮһ仰ǣ
ˮϽӹһȴǴһΪеͷûˣͷҪ׷ϵһ飬عһ飬ԽԽ
ˮʱ۾ͺˣôС˭Ȼ˶֡
ˮʵ뼤Ǳܣͷ޳ȥҪһҩУ׹ǵҩ
ˮķûƳ
Ǳġ
ֻһ취һʧȥĹͷˮԸԭ㣬ȶûΣյʱ˵ô£
ʱ˵ƽҹһģ˵ɱҹҵĺӣҪĺӣǸʼ
ˮ˫ֲԾȭԼûȥǣǵˣƽҹҹһĺǴɱģڲ˭ɱģȻҶĺӣǾýԼŭɡ
ͷ
ˮʵ
ƽҹиҽʦܹ죬˵ϵͷǿ󣬾Ͱҹһӵˡ
ŭ˵
裬ҪģµģߣȻغǻġ
ˮŭŭҲûá
Ѿ󷨣ȫϲ̫ġ
迴ˮе㽹
ˮкٴθһǰˮҲûֹ̫ɹҲ˲٣֪ƽҹһȻˮ֣Զŭˡ
ˮ˾ͷһ壬Իƽҹһ廹ǲ˺ܶࡣ
ˮû̫ɹһȥˮ̫ɹɽսսȻͨһҪȥġ
ѣֵһѣˮ֪ҲסҲûֹһ˸ϵ˺

ѹˮƺܿġ
ˮЦԴһ˭˶ΪǸСŮ̫㾲ֹˣһͷ˳ĳ˸̾
ʹʹ
ˮ΢ЦţȴǺۡ
ʹӺʹʲô
㿪ĵ˵
ȥ˭һǵĹͷ
ʱͷһˣˮΣԲ𣬹ίС
ˮе֪ϾŮʵͷһ廹ҪǿһЩŮûа취԰ڰ֣²ǣȫҲסǡ
ûжôһҲˣץˣһ˻һСˮ˵ϵܣֶӵĹͷǱȥģСϡ
С䣬ȻڱȻûκεĺ£ûκιϵһ
ˮˣ˫ѾǷԹˣֻ첲ֵãҲ׵ĺͷû


2220 ˮŭ𣬷ɽ
ЩǸҹġ
ڵϻ۵亹ʪ͸·ʱֻһζġ
ˮˣģ۾ϸѾĲˣ˵ͷأ˵ϣϵĹͷġ
ˮʲôˣͨһȻˣοǰҲûлǵ
һˮҲһ¶ӵĹͷûˡ
˵ͷ
ˮѾ̹ˡ
ͷιˡ
ˮֱһֱ߳ӽ߷ɣһʲôͰˣˮ˿޷Զĵ黹ǳˣ֮ơ
ϵܣȥҹҿ
Ҳޱȡ
ˮǸСôСȴ侲Ĳӣˮûɱûʲôϵˮû˼ɴֱһ˴ȥչ߲ʲôġ
СǻƽҹĺڿҲ޶ɫô̫
ϸ磬ҹԼȥɡ
ˮ˵
УҺһȥҹҲô򵥣ϾǾǺһƼҡҡҶͬҹ֦ͬҹΣҲԹ۵ġ
Ȼͬˮһȥ
ȥˣˣСӲڱ𣿡
Զޱȡ
ˮ߳ȥԶɽ˺ǺǸߴĻƽҹ棬Ͻɢ񱩵֮صʱˮ·ٿһ
ǸҺӡ
ˮ˹ȥ߱˵
ƽҹ½ϻе˼ɣˮоͲһˣˮʵܶ඼ʵ½ˮˮϵͨˮûӰ졣
ҲڣãɱҵĺӣȻŴɱҹǿߣǾͺúˣĺӣֻͷѣҪͷõõ𣿡
һߴĻƽҹӣˮѩ׵Ĺͷ㱻ȥĲλ
˹ͷˮ΢˿˫۶ǸߴĻƽҹ棺Լ
ˮ˵Ӱһһĳ˹ȥ

ޱȵĹ죬Ǻܿ죬ȴǿľˣˮѾ˾ŹֻգۼѾ˶Էǰһ졣

ȻӶԷû޹ǣһһ
˾Ϳһ˶ԴֱӳõȻֻصˮϡ
ɽ
ɽ
ˮ⻹һʩչɽʮķɽĿֲûм˿ԿǷɽ
ˮŭ̫ŭˣɱоûţֱӶ˷ɽǸɱﵣôʹõġ
ˮվڸߴĻƽҹǰͻƽҹЦ˺ܶ࣬ڶִ·ˮޱȵĸߴ󣬱ǻƽҹ˺ܶһ
һз̫ˣþöûзӦ
ɱȻɱ
ף
Էңʱˮ·һȻû˳ˮ֮ǰһʵʵڿֲˣǰļϻƽҹʱҲǲõ
ǵˮǻûȥֱһϻƽҹ˵ҲҪڽ˺ˡ
ˮг鴤ƽսֱӳ˹ȥ
̤

ˮȻ˳˹ȥ
úܶ˴󾪣ǵˮԷǺööĻƽҹ棬һ˳ȥ̫Σˡ
ƽҹҲǴ󾪣ҪʲôһҪɱˡ
ɱɱ
һϣɱ
öĽɫӷϢˮ
һʱ춼ǲӰԪ۱˴һΧɽʯѣˮԶϣǺףΧˮȴȫϡ
ӹӡ
תƣ
֮ǰˮסǸϻƽҹֱӱתƳУ޴ֱӳ鱬ˡ
ɽ
ˮٴγȥƽսꪲϵĴУɽÿһηɳԽһƽҹˮҲҳˣ˿ֱӲסһƬ޲ϵߣֻ͵ϮÿһζһսĹһʤ
ˮѾջɽնɱٴ֮ˮое㷦ʮɽĻǺܴģϣѾʹˡ
ΪڻƽҹѾˡϾˮĹֲ̫ˣ۷ɽǶתƣرǶתƣҹԪҲһбɱתҪӲʹһΡ
޺ϼֱɱ¾Ƕùǳ޵ٶ˺ܶ࣬˿ӵļ
һһƬ˿ԲסܵģճԵ˿ѸٵĲƣȻ޿ո
Ҫոڤǿƺ͹һ壬ԽԷٶȴļȻÿ񱩵ı𽻼ӽйˮĻƽսҲԻɱϾƽҹûоʳǿˮĻƽսꪴ㲿λǿԵģҲܴˡ


2221 黹ûн
ɽײ϶ܻˮԷҲײ٣һҲˮԼĴ󲿷ֶζ˳ǺֲܿģǿĻƽҹһҲɱɾ
˵żŲϵոƽҹ
ˮҲ֪˶ٻƽҹ棬һЩնɱĲǧǰĻƽҹ涼ǿģرǰļϻƽҹ棬ҹҼļֵܡ
ɨսÿ˶𺳣˷ܣ֮ǰˮ״̬ﵽ£ܱߵʵǵõֺʵǿĸоҲǿǰĺá
汻ˮĻ֮ҲǿһСΧһҪ
׷Ҳǣ֮ǺǰͿˣ׷Ǻ
˴ɨսˮǻȥӹˡ
ˮоԼǸǰȴǴﲻˮƽµ˿ٴαпˮѾýˣһҶ۾һ߿ţ۵ܲˣ뵽ӱ˲ͷʹ̲סᡣ
ԷˮԽԽܡ
ˮγܣǸˣֺܺãû˵ʲôСһﲻ󣬵ȴ֪˵˵ֻøĸܡ
ˮѸٵţܿƣ֮߶Ѹٵϣ֮ȪһȡԵĽҲоʹˡ
һ֮ھͿԻָ
˯ˣˮͷѾ滨һҶ裬Ů˴ûп޹ȴΪӿˣˮıסˣˣȻСһˣҲһĥʧ֪Ǹ
ԸҪ֡
һҶ˵
ˣһֱչҲ̫ˡ
ˮɬ˵
˵еĴӢۣһֱ㵱ĿģҺܿģǵĺӡ
һҶıˮ
ûˣСһܼǿ츳ϵȣܶ¡
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һҶ迴˯Ķӣɿ֮ǰ뵽ӱͷ絶ʡ
ЩѾɱ˲٣²ô꣬ҹңһʧ
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һҶ̾Ҫɱ޹
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ĵʵڶ֪ûˣﶼɿˣ֪ˮôء
ƽҹħԼ廢ɹѣƳսҹҼȻôĳסҾҹҿˡ
ˮҹңڻƽҹһ᲻ᶯֲֵĿԻǺܴģȥҹʱпƽҹһ塣
ƽҹһ˿̫ˣͳʮϰڵĻƽҹ棬ھǺҲеĴڣǿȻܳһЩǿߣˮһҪȥԶԷô࣬ʵе㲻ʵ
ϵܣƽҹһǿ̫ˣ½ϻãˮУܶʱǵĻ治࣬һƽҹһԼǿػޣǶǿǸ˻ƽҹĺĵش
˵
ˮγ֪ҹһЩʵܲˡ
ˮѾնɱôˣûˣЩ鲻ǿΪԺ˵ɡ
ʱһҶ˳˵
ˮͷҹӦҲôˣҹҵǰɱ٣һġ
һҶû˵֪ˮ˵ҲǶԵġ
ˮΧ󷨻ãߴûˣȥɣͿˡ
û뿪ˮҲ߾ûдߴ٣ˮоԼڵʵϧɽ̫ˣתƣӲʹһΡ
ɽǲ̫ǿǿ߻Ǿͻᱻס
ߵЩ˵ǿԣҲɱˣرڵı󣬴аɽսˣһҶҲԣŮеǿˮǶԼԷ֮Ҳնɱɱ
ˮоԼڵĵ̻ǲУԼǿԼƿǿҲҪпɱ
һڤͽеǿˣϾʵǲϾʵֲ̫ˡ
ǺֲܿģȻǿƣˮ޿ɱˡ
ʵʱӵĺܿ죬֪ǲΪ˻ѪͳӵʵܾܿˣˮҲιʵɳʲôġ
ˮٵȵȣһǳýʹˡ
뵽ˮԽĸоԡ
˵ˮʱͽɾ
ʱ䣬Ȼɾʱͳˣʵǵõ˾޴һȥ֮ˮֱýʹǳ


2222 żԲĻյ
ʵѾﵽһٶʮʵʹǳ֮󹥻ͷɣʵӶӡ
ĻѪǰٷʮˣٷʮ˵ĻѪȴޱȵײУеʵʵսбʵǿ˺ܶࡣ
ˮһУǳ˼һ˵Ҫߵ˻ǿˮƿǿһȶֲĴڣˮɱ֡
ʱˮǿʼɾһµæµ

ˮˣյȻͻˣȻˮĿڵĻյ
յżԲ
һķԼԶ̵ĹκʵЧãġ
ˮסˣʵ˯ͷһӺˣиﵽ˴ԲԲʾѾﵽޣٴҲûãﵽ¡
һˮڤĹһҲһ޵ĹһҲû̫˼
Զ̹Ҳһֱ̤ӹûЧ
ڵĻյͨӣԶϢѹ֣ˮû뵽żĻյҲһ˿仯κ˿оﲻʱͨˮҲ
յͻˣӦҲԶˣˮģûͻƣо̫ãʱҲ
Ĳٱˮϣʯȵȡ
ˮĹһУϧĹУԼҲǿڲͬˣڤĹѾܿ£ս⻷ѾԴﵽҡ
յѾԽ֮һﵽİڤǿһ㣬ԴﵽˮǳѾԳԽ˰ˡ
ˮЦˣ֮ǰֻİ浽ңȫʵϣʵսҲɱУȴЩǿϾսͱǳԽʵġ
ڴﵽ˳Խ˰Ĺܵ˺Լˮļ⣬ڤѾԼǿվսϣҽӽŰԾɱˡ
ڤֱһӴﵽǿһ˿ֲܿס˻군ˣİĹҲǺܿµģοٻȺ룬ǿѾԴﵽһʵһвֻȻҲˮ²ܴﵽ
һαΪýʵҹ֮ôһʤϣûȵȴûյ˴ԲºˣˮоԼʵһࡣ
һͿסܶܶ࣬Ȼ֮ڤһɱˡ
ʱ䲻֪Ѿ˳ȥʱˣˮܾһθоɾԭҲô졣
ֶڣ㻹ûѣһҶڷţһգգĿţһ棬ʹһһ顣
ˮߵһҶ£û±ʲôá
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һҶЦ
ˮļ򣺡ЩҲ̫ˣȥ˯ᡣ
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һҶҡҡͷ˵
ս˯һᣬûˣ
ˮԱߡ
һҶûоܾ۾
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һһҶ˯úܰɫѾˣһգһ˫ÿĴ۾ĵĽеף
ô𣿡
һҶĵ˵
ˣһҲˣȫˡ
ЦűһҶĲӡ
ȥԵˡ
˵
ʵ˵Ҳ֪ʱķ˵ζѾˡ
ףһȥԷ
Ҹ˵
ÿˮ˰ںãʵˮĺܶ࣬Ѿٳˡ
ŵⷹ˳ֱͦСӣǵķ㡣
һҶ迴˵ͣˮӣС˵ʦҶˣҪúòңҪʿ
һҶһӺˣһڣҲܿ죬ȻʿÿζǱյƭϣ뵽ʱ龰̲סƺߵϼ˫
ˮ˿ڿˮһҶ޵ݣͷȥʢ
һٷԵĺܿģˮһ죬ˮȻӦοҪɷǣһЩսҲȷʵýˡ
ں֣ѾˣǺܶ࣬Ҳˣһ壬Ǻ֣ˮҲ΢֪һĵ̣ǺһλĴڣȻһЩ̡
˵ʵ󲿷ֶİңʮѾﵽﵽ
ˮ󷨵ȣЩ˿ɱһĻƽҹˡ


2223 ƽҹеǿߣ
ˮҲôˣȻûʲô֣ܲμսģ˼ŮҲʮսˣϱͱ𣬴Լˡ
ͻƽҹǾţһëˮмֻޣŮҲУǵ˲࣬ޣսٴһС룬Էö࣬ӲҲûʲô˼
ˮĴǲȡģڣһа٣ǧ򣬴ڶ֪ˮҲ֪ڵҲš
ĻָһĻָ˵൱ڼ˺ܶ࣬οˮомԼӻָġ
֪ʱȥˣʱƽҹһˣһ˸࣬ſһ²ʮƽҹ棬ϴһξҪǿܶࡣ
رǰģֻһ۾ͿһβֻҹˣӦҲˣϴնɱǧĻƽҹ棬Ѿŭƽҹһ壬Ǿ϶ԵУһٽ˳Ǳˮ£ǻƽҹڱǾԵľްԡ
ˮѽػסк֮·ʯĴڣˮԷĵı֤ԷǿҲãҸҲãʱûκοܡ
ˮĿⶢΪ׵ļƽҹԼһŵĻƽҹ棬Щƽҹߴ߶ң忴ǿ׳ޱȣƣɢֲϢ
Ͻɫսףɫ磬ǰĲҲǿܺÿܰʱˮ޴˫ۣªɱ⡣
ƽҹ治ãȴǳĺܣʵ֮󣬾ͿȽˣûںǲǳˣʺʵٳҲͲˡ
ϸ磬˵ЩҪǶ᲻ǿĻƽҹ棿
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ϵܣЩ˲ǰײˣ˵ɱɱģȿǲܵסɡ
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ˮǲ̫ģЩƽҹʵǿȴǺǾʳʵˣʵȴĿֲˣԵУˮɱ֮⣬ǱҲֻǿԵС
ڵķҲǿԿˣҲԣ⼸򸾵ʵ˺ܶٶȺܿ죬ǴУҲϴ֮Ǽүľ
ˮֱʹս⻷ĳɵķԼȫһƬķΧˮս⻷ߴﵽĳɣǰֻһڿ֡
ˮ˵Ҳһ޴ĽһߵʵǣҲ˺ܶ࣬һɻԼصĸоӵϡ
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һˮٴθо󷨱ֻǸͨ󷨣ӵǿˮ֮ʹõԭʯʯ󷨵߱
󷨵ãֻһɵһɰָĵļ١
ʯǿӵ߳ɣʯİԵʹֻһɵ
ˮ֮ʹΪ󷨼򵥣ѧֻҪͿԣ󷨣Ҫϣһңǽܲңһֱ
ԽӵʵԽ󣬵ѶԽ
ʵ󲢲ԽԽԽʵԽСǧն󷨣ĴɱҪһЩǿĲϡ
ˮ֮ʹǧնΪʯɱ󷨣ʯȴӲ߱˶ʱ󷨻õġ
һôҵʵϷһˣʹһӾ͸оʵҲˡ
ˣˣû˸ôɱˡ
һ߻ƽҹӣúܶ˶ǶĤۡ
˼ֻɱˣ˲ɱǣֻŲӵɱ𡣡
ˮЦ
Ҫվûκ壬֪ɱҺܶˣǽҪصĴۡ
С̫һ貶Ŀ
һֱˮȥһ·ΧӲӣ·һƬڵĽ
ˮѽᵽ۷壬ֱӳ˹ȥ
֮
׷
߻һ٣ȻٴδǣĹҲžĴ죬ֱӱ֮һڽʮ׸ߣеĴӴһһӰɨ˹ȥ
䡭
ΧһСɽֱӱɨС룬߾޴ǰһ󲽣Ȼ͵һŶ¡
һ׵Ĵӳ֡
һˮһϼһʵȴǿֲһƺĸо
磬Ǿ磬ˮòϼһľ˲١
һˣʵҲͿֲˣ֮ǰˮ˶Էʵ˵ʣµʵǲˮоļµģ֮ǰȴǸоһļ£ǹʵֲ̫ˡ
ˣȷʵǧѵһŸӵ
߶ݵĽ֮Ҳò̾Ҳ¾ɱˡ


2224 ƽҹ
ɱҵ˶ˣڻúúõģЩȴѾΪһĨ
ˮ㿪˵ĹֱһӸӡ˳ȥ
ˮڵķҲǺֲܿѾﵽԽһǧַ˷˼ҲˮǮ
ӹӡ
ˮһӡĻƽҹȴһɫѸٳһһһĻƽҹ棬Ȼײ˷ӡϣȻֹȴûʧžȻƽҹˮ
ˮһ㶣սǿ󣬱ħֲʵħֲˡ
ʵĻӰ
ߵսˮҲǲҴ⣬˫Ѹٽӡ
ӽӡ
ˮһŹ
ھŹˮߣֻҪȥǴˮľŹҪܵӰ졣
߻ƽҹٶѾ˼£ƽҹ˵Ҫſֲľ磬类ˮˡ
ǸǵĻӰֻһʧˣʱˮֱһ֡

񱩵һ𺳵ľһӰ߻ƽսȥˮھǿߵǸʵĻӰǲǿٴʹá
أ
һûʹãˮ֪ûʹûǲʹãе˲䣬ˮֱʹ˶תơ
һѩ׹ȻûдﵽϿ˵ѣε˲Ѿƽҹϡ
ž
ޱȵƽҹһѪҲɿˣˮҲǰϼһǿ󣬾Ȼûгֻˣ£һʱܲָˡ
ˮźȶԷǿ󣬵֪ʱĻƽҹľȣʱǷ츲أˮһѾ߸֮ǰʶ
ƽҹһǿƣܶͬʵǿ߸ƲǵķƽҹһҲǺǿĴڣھȻһ˴ˡ
ƽҹսôսҪۿˣսܻһһӶܻΪҲͲͻƣɱˮ
ǵѪнɫĲӷǿҵĽ⣬رǰĽ⣬·һС̫һ
֮ף
ϵĽٴˣһɿ񱩵ˮüϼһǿе㳬ѰȻ֪֮ǰԼĹڻս˵ԷڿԳסԼĶתơ
ŻƽҹȻС֮һָԭĴСϵĽʢˣҽƺһЩصķһĶΧתɢǿĹص
ģ
ˮϳˣֲƽҹ˵Լԭ̣Ȼġ
Ĳκ嶼еģֻԶЩǿĴڲУвÿڶܸ򵽷ģֻ֮ܣĵʵйϵԽǿĵҲԽǿ
ɫĲҲǲµķģʱƽҹʵˮľô
ȥɣ
ƽҹͻȻˮʵٶȾȻҲǿ˺ܶࡣ
ͨ
ˮʹóͨһˮҲˣĽɫ֣ǷģֻطûзģˮҲû񣬹ʹһûзĵĵط
һ˿µ˾̾ˮƽҶĹǻƽҹʱҲǴ󾪣Ȼ㿪ˣҪ֪߶ĵܿ죬һͻԪĹ⡣
Ա̵ʱڽսȻʱֻ׸
ͨͨԿ͸ʵʣȻԿʵҲʵһ֣һˮĵˣƽҹٶȺܿ죬ڿҲһ㡣
ɽ
ˮһζʱͨһλãֱʹɽ
ۣ
Ȼƽҹֱӱˡ
ʲô
ܶ˶ûп
ϵܾȻôһĳɽ
˵е
ⲻǾ磬Ӧʵʵڵı
𾪵˵
ƽҹҲǴһʲôȻ԰ҹôһǿߵļ͸ҪǴԴֱɱ

ˮʱٴγ֡
ؽ
ۣ
ƽҹǿ˶ԴֱӱɽеˣڽƽҹĲʱˮֱ÷ɽһЩ
ˣ
˶ԴڵϷƵһжܰ˲ˮɱĸΪеһƽҹ﷢ǰѽֲ̫ˣȻôɵնɱҹһޱǿĴڡ
һϣɱ
ʣµΪ໥֮﷢Ҳ˲벻һд۵ɱȻʱһǻƽҹһѡ
ϣǺĻƽҹʮĻƽҹҲһϡ
ɶǲ֮ǰˮɱĻƽҹ棬ˮûκʤ㣬ߵ˸ܲסֱӻ֮׷һֱӽ򸲸ǡ


2225 ˮͻƣ
ˮһҪһϣ﷢ë뻹ǸоڻǲҪôƴˣɱһڵĵǣҲǣֱӴ˻صС濴ˮȻս˻ȥҲôڲɱˮƽҹһǶûˣοͷ֮Ҳˡ
ǵľ̫ˣӦöѾǶˡ
ˮ˵
磿
ˮס
ʵﵽһ̶ȣ֮ͨ󣬾Ƕ硣
˵
ˮֻǰ벽ͨ񣬱Ѿͨ۷壬ͻƵĹؼˮ˾ͻֱͻƵ硣
ˮû뵽ԼͶԷľô࣬ҪԼзɽͶתԼû취ƷԼ㹻ǿ󣬾֮;ǲڱԷѹƵ
ʵҪҪʵܶ࣬ԽԽ࣬ҲԽࡣ
֮ǰˮɱǸֻͨ۷徳磬ֻʵҲǿѣˮǰ벽ͨܵ˵ǿԴ򣬲ʣµˮоܹ֣ܸоԼһҲӺôԲ˻
磬ˮоԼķɽͶתƶѴЧȻûãоתƺ˺ԷɽٶȹҲᱻԷȻж
ˮҲԼһЩǿ֮࣬־ϵĲǰĹٴһѹһģʲôʵԷ̫࣬Ȼֶܶζ԰ס
ԶŴѪ޵񱩻Դƾ磬ˮڵܴﵽԶŴѪ޵ĻôǾٵһЩҲܽǰЩɱ
ѣҪˮ֮ǰһֱоԼľܲڷž֮ͣ籱ѾԶԶһҶ̨Ҳͨ񾳽磬Ȼûдﵽͨ۷塣
ǱħľҲͨ񾳽ˣرǱͨ񾳽Ҳнףͨףһ֮󣬾ȻҲˡ
ˮʱĽ˶ǾôĽΪʲôԼûУеñʧ˶ܽԼ
ˮ񣬱ʲôأ
ûУǼһ󡣡
ˮƽҹѾŴ󹥻
İˮһ񱩵׵ĴضҪƷˣȴ˿ˮĵģʯ߱ӳɣǿƹˣˮֱӰʯӵˡ
Сӣбʲô¡
֮ԷƲ󣬿
һȺ˲Ҫ˵ҹšͷԼ֫ôƲ
ˮ˵
˾ȳҴսһ
ƽҹ漱ˣ߱ĳһ뺷Ļ
һᣬǹҷȻǹڣϧˣ˵˼Ůˣ㲻ˣ֪ǲġ
ˮ˳˵
ˮһԺһʲôҲ˵
˵㡣
ˮˣϼһ˼Ůˣƽҹһ己ֳǿֳҲǿˮ˵˵ϾλҼŮ˺
˿ΪǺǿԲ˵ﲻУ˲ϣƽҹһǲϣرϸǲܲУһٮٮߣϵδϣ̲סһ䡣
ҲǱˮͿˣһ²ˮﲻЦˣǻƽҹҲв˶̲סЦ
Ҫɱ㡣
ߴŭ
ҵ˵ɣǻȥȸ衣
ˮֱӻảˡ
ȳԺúܺãɹ˵
ˮһȥԺһ뾲һ
磬Ҫ磬ֻҪͻƵͨˮаսʰˣȻǸϻƽҹˡ
ˮ̤УҲǵңϾѾ벽ͨˣֻҪǰ벽ͿԳ׽ͨ񾳽硣
벽֮Ĳ໹Ǻܴģȥˮĺܶ˵ǲᱻѹƣˮڵ˵ǿˣߵȴǿѹƣˮڵĶתƴ򶴸ʵһǧҵӷᱻѹƵһͣԷһأôǿĹҲʧЧ
оϲȥʵҲӣ֮ܵľעһҲ߲˶ԶΪоԼѾ߱أȴֻ֪߱һ׶ѡ
ͨ񾳽磬ֳסнס׺۷Լ벽Ρ
Ѿǰ벽ˡ
ʱ򱱻˹ǲ뾳顣
ˮԿԻŮŮ̫Ѽ޵ġ
а취ͻƵͨͻƶҲΪ
˵
ˮһ۾ˣȻԼͻƵͨ񾳽磬ԼڲﵽֻͨҪﵽͨܶԸ棬ԼʵҲͲᱻѹƣߵ磬ߵѹƾ͵򣬲ɸı䡣


2226 񾳹Żö
ˮŮˣ˫籦ʯȴǿǳ۰񣬿žֿһڵĳ嶯ںڷ˿ıһţ޳Ĳӣͦηͦɽ壬״ɤӷɡþûˣ滳
ˮɣ۾һգգĿţͲˡ
㲻ͻƣˡ
תߡ
ˮϽסס־Ͳˣ룬ôͻơ
ʵľͻˣֻһֱҲѣһԿͻơ
ֱӵݸˮһ
ˮ򿪣һŻɽˮľлвݣ㻹Ұޣӡ
ԶɽƺһģӰӰӰģŮ
ˮջĿ⣬֮ǰѾܵһɣ棬һֹŹֵĸдо⻭ͻơ
ʲôˮʵ
񾳹Żֻͨ񾳽֮µЧЦ
ͨ񾳽֮࣬ⶫǱˮеĻܳ㡣
񾳹ŻҲǷŵȣиõģǶԶҲЧֵֶɹ˵
ҲǼֵɹҲҲ㡣ˮЦ
ҵ̫ˣҪϲ͸㡣
Ȼ֪ˮЦֻǸо̫ûˮƽˡ
Ҳǣ˶ҵģȻҲҵġˮĵ˵
ˣ㿴ɣˡˮһЩֱӹˣҲȥ磬ԽԽ𾢣Լܡ
ˮνɾȻʼĿ⻭һεģһԹĸо·ǸԶһվɽԶĴأվڸߴŵµˣһָоһֲԴĸо
ֻ᲻Դһǰ̨٩٩̸֣һų̂ˣ˵˵Ҳǲࡣ
ˮ⻭ȻͻȻһ䣬֮ǰԼսȻ󿴵Ǹƽҹ˹ս˼ά˻һתսɽѣضڲ
ܿ컭ٴһתֻսһֱ޴ıԳ³Ũܵĺë೤ĺëܼʮ׸ߣսһֻͷʨĴޡ
ˣ
ԳĴԼĿڣǳƵ·Դأ·ԶսıڣžǷХ·ҪѰһ
޴ʨ޷ֲĽ·ʵʻһΧ˾޴ȻԳٶȿ磬СɽһֱűԳѹȥ
ԡ
޴ײһɳʯֻ޲ϵײʨʮ׳ľ޴ֲɱĵطź⣬һƽʮףֱӳűԳײȥ
ԳǿҲӲֲֻĳ߸Ծ˹ȥ
ԣ
ʨֱӽԳһСɽˡ
Գӿ£һ׳Ȼž޴ʨ޵¡

ʨޱȻ𣬷ǿĺ
ԣ
һȦȦۿɼԪɢȥԶһƬɭֱӱɨƽˡ
Գޱȵʱ֪óһ޴İӣڲĿջֻҪ˲٣г˵ô֣ʮ׶೤ڱԳеҲպá
ʨޱȻǰ֫Ծ𣬾޴ͷ­ĳűԳȥ
ԳҲҺʨ޵ĳӲĺƣеĺڹȻ£һǧ
ûзֳʤΧͻȻһͷ׸ߵʨ֣ɱ޴צɽ嶼ˣǿˣٴһֱӽʨ¡
ۣ
ſ³һ޴ͷʨ޾Ȼɱˣٴſһ£裬һ貵ĽУűԳȥʱıԳҲǺڹ޴ĺڹӲϵĻһߺˣȻ޴־塣
ʨ޴ͣ⣬ȻУȻˮͿϵʨ޻ǸԳȻʨͷȥ
ͨ
ʨĿֲͨȻôȥ
ˮȻع֮ǰľĿЩսˮоһµӿˮ֪ԼһֱûжľȻڶˣǰʱ䡣
Ϣһˮٴιۿ
ˮҲˣս飬⻭ùۿ߿ͨ񾳽ʵսҪĸоǱս飬綼ʵսй̣رսʱͻơ
ˮǳֻܺ񣬾ԼһһԲ쿴һ쿴һζǸƵˣ˭쾭һ֮ս
ĺôǲȻЧǵ֮սҪ˲٣Ϊ磬رǾ޷ͻƵʱЧƽʱҲս飬ôǺܶģҪʵͿȻ֮սʱ򵱳˿ǹ˶Ҫѳӻ࣬һ˷ĸرͣϾʵǿԷġ


2227 ʯ
ۣ
ˮɾһºһ嶼һƮƮ·ʲôһһޱˬĸоȫ˵һǰδеĸоȫ
ܿ͸оõӣˮоܾȣȻˣǰͻƵʱҲʵֱʵ֮⣬ҪǵֿˣѹƾֿͣͬȾ磬ѹƵġ
ǱʵֱʵֻҪȶԷߣͻѹƶֵ֣ʵѹˣԼʵˣεʵ˵ʵҲǿԵģҪǿ˫ľ硣
һͻˮȵķԼĹȻﵽһһʮʵ˿һʵΪˮľֱӴﵽͨˣӦǺɡ
ֱӿ˼С׶ΣʮĹûˮ̫ȣǺܿĵġ
ﵽͨڣ˶ĴȻǻᱻѹƣٲ֮ǰѹƵô࣬ټڵʵӣתƵˡ
֮ǰһ󾳽绹࣬ҪѹһʵĽ࣬Ѵڲͬˣ˳ˮоĺϼһһսˡ
ˮʵ˾޴ı仯
ˮķڷԼ׺ҵѾﵽһǧİңɽĹҲﵽʮңжܻ
ʵӣˮɽƺҲһЩ΢ı仯øӺϬɽ˵Ϊ¯ˮʵˣɽҲȻ顣
ͻˣʱͻˣˮǺģˮ磬ԼǶ磬ɱǼϼһﶼǿ
Ȼͻˣˮʱ仹ڿ񾳹Żٿʱдûôˣƺû֮ǰֹ
ҲˮڵľѾﵽŻϵľ磬Ȼûдﵽͨ۷벽磬ٿսѾûʲôˣΪˮоսԼҲ
֮ɫûкڣߵǰԺʱִҶʲô
û뿪˰ĲѾڸӪϢ˵ֻҪ˳ȥһɱһǲһֱȥ
˵
ȥôȥɹ˵
ˮͷ˵ȥ
Щƽҹ滹զԶӪϢ
Ҳڶ飬ȥ汻ɱˣһˮҲŹ
ˮ֪뼤ŭԼԼƴ
ˮΧ̫򵥣Էķɢܹ㣬벻¸סͷˣԷԼ£
ͷڹ
ǰɣбԶҪһɱһҿּ졣
ͷڹ꣬Ǻǿôš
һƽҹе

ˮվп棬ʱҲڣǸƽҹҲǿ˴ŽеģӦúʹһģƽʱӦûǶ֡
Ц˵ǵķǿҲƴܵΡ
ƽҹǵɫָŴб´һˣƤӣǲ˰
֪㵽ڶûɼңǲ˻ɡ
Ҳŭ
ˮЦˣϸƤǲġ
㡭
ܴҲԷ뿪ˡ
ʱ漸ٴˣˮ֪˵㣬ϴδͷ󷨵ǰܲһֱŰɣ鷢Ҫġ
Եʲôܶࡣ
ˮ˵
ʵĶֻһֱڿòã㿴ʲô
óһʯͷ
ʯ
ˮ𾪣ϼһȻŸֶƽܶʯǿɫʵģǰʯƺѾˣ߲ʯ˵Ƶκһ󷨣߲ʯ̫ϡˡ
ϣʯǳǺúôһ
߿ˮ
ˮɿ֪ǲʹʯȻ֮ǰʹˣʯޱȵ󣬵Ҳ֪Ƽ˶Էǻʹʯġ
ʮĻƽҹ棬Ҫ浲סԼʵõԷսҲˮ⣬վɱߣʤҲһЩ
һһһϣ
ˮЦʴ
ҲüԼ򡣡
ŵ˵
Է磬Ҳģֻǲ֪ԷǶʲô磬ϿٳǴﵽ磬һǸһҲһ󾳽磬ҲԣԽԽãﵽ˸ǼˣǾԵţŸֻѪԶŴѪ޲ܣǸҪԵˡ


2228 ӲޱȵĽհ׻
ˮҪ߳ȥʱ򣬱סˮСģٻֻϻֻϻľ粻ƽҹ
ŮˣΪʲô˵ˮǸơ
Ȼ֪հ׻ǿ󣬵о粻УǿǷҲֲܿϵĻƺѴЧҲͺڵڤ࣬Ͼյӽհ׻ʵĴﵽ˾żԲ硣
ڱô˵ˮ˼ˣհ׻ϼһľͣˮĻǹԳڤһأǵҲߡ
ˮƣҪǽհ׻Զ̹ĻǾͺˣƾյˮԼԿԶԶ󲿷ֻƽҹԽɱϧհ׻ֲҲצӷݷǷ
Ϊ֪˵
ˮ˳ֱӾг˽հ׻
ˮг˽հ׻߻ƽҹҲûбʾʲôϾܺѱʦ߶ԷгޣҲɵˡ

հ׻ֱʹ˷ӡ
հ׻幥ǺֲܿģϾǷӵûκμӳҲڤ࣬ˮ󷨹⻷ʹú幥Դﵽһǧң⻹ûĵãҪܴﵽżˮоհ׻ԺɨһƬˡ
ҪǻյûͻƶͻƴﵽżԲˬˡ
ЩͷҲֻ΢հ׻Ҳˮһģʹǳϧֻ˷ڽհ׻ﵽʲôˮоˮоĻƽҹ涼˺
ڴĴڡ
ˮ˽հ׻һֱýհ׻߻ƽҹ档
ˮһӸӡ
ȻˮһߣһԼ״̬ȻҲհ׻ӡ
𡭡
Хɽ֣հ׻ľ޴·һ˵ʨӺֲʵﵽһʵκνǺֲܿģһȦȦۿɼӶз·ըһ
޴Ļƽҹпе㱿صĽŽհ׻ѹȥ
ɫĲϽͬһЩķһĶӳɻһϢ
̹쫷絶ɫƺ˺ܶ࣬һȦȦһĶס棬Ǻס
հ׻ϰ׹ʢʥޱȡ
ԣ
޴Ĳһ˽հ׻ϣˮҲһȻڽհ׻ţڻ̲סһܿͷ֣һȦҫ۵İ׹ֱը
ݷǽɫĴӾȻˡ
üӲĽհ׻
ˮÿģȻǷӵ֪֮ǰ͸ҳ֮ǰгƺҲûãƺձ绤ҲκβöԷ

հ׻һǣһȻһˣһ˿ռĸоľצֱŻƽҹĿץȥ׳צϵָһĶѩ׵Ĺâг˵ֱ۴ϸ΢΢⡣
أ
һͷƤڻƽҹ汳һ״СĶһĶɣ˿УȴǸоͻȻܳһ޴ߡ
ͷмףʣͷһǣⲢޣˮĶʱֱӺհ׻ǿ׵ĿһƬɫУѽհ׻ȥ
硣
ˮһονĶܺ棬ڵ̫ǿˡ

հ׻һȻŴ֣һѩ׵Ĺ³ֱײͷߵĽɫУ޴ײýհ׻ˣȻûˣýհ׻վȡ
ʱˮȴȻ֡
תƣ
ڽհ׻˺˲ˮĶתֱӴͷϡ
ž
ͷʧˣ߻ƽҹһΣʱͷǲˣˮ֪Ϊʲôհ׻ûʹö֮޻߷ʵǵ

ˮʲų֣Ϳհ׻Ҳһûüʲôʱȴܳһצ
ˮȣȻ󿴵һ׻ȣɢ޾ѹ׻ȣǴзǷհ׻Ĵбµİ׻Ȼӡ
ƽҹ濴׻ɫ䣬æˣ׻ƺֱֲܿӴ͸˻ƽҹ壬׻Ҳʧˡ
ˮΪշ˽հ׻֪Եɣ׻ȻԵϧһϾʹһΡ
ȷʵ죬֮ǰһ˲ϢˮоԼķɽҪǿ̫Ϭˣ׻ϵצֲ̫ˣ˺ѻƽҹжһ
ȻԵֲƺܴ󣬽հ׻ʩչһλԪֱ֮һûҲǿʹΣԽǿĶԽ࣬ҲԽ


2229 ֲ׻ȣػ
߻ƽҹĿĿŽհ׻ֻ˵ˡհ׻
֮ǰ߻ƽҹ沢ûϳǽհ׻Ȼ򲻴˵׼ģ˵ʲˣˮֱƽҹʯԼռƷʲôûӦе㲻ĺö
հ׻ʩչ˿ֲİ׻ȣɱ߻ƽҹֱöĻƽҹԽĽѣ򲻹ϻצӣ˭ܵס
ˮˬû뵽հ׻ôһϲʹհ׻ܲסԷͿˣԼ취ԷڵĶתƺͷɽֻҪϺˣҲɱԷϾҲͨھˡ
ˮѾ׼һͶ֣ɱԷһֲʯˮУˮоԷһ϶԰׻Ĺ˼ɣӦûܣϾܻȥ˾Ͱȫˣػޡ
ɹԼҶػ޴ڣػһǿڣػʵĹ
ûػޣˮ֪ʵ
ػޣˮڻûм
СҲкܶ඼ػޣСػ޵ʵҲˮоǲҪҸػˡ
ػ޲ʲô޶Եģػ޲ĳˣػһҪػ޾ֻڸңû׳
ҡҡͷûж룬ˮѾ׼ˣһҪɱһѾɱˣЩĶ뺣ûвǰ߻ƽҹʮƽҹǻƽҹһţҲǻΪ֧ŻƽҹһĴڡ
ʣµ߻ƽҹ໥һۣһͻȻóһӡһĶ߶ˮˣǰĻƽҹȫʧˣһҲûʣ¡
ˣôˡ
ˣһһǸĸӡһһԵĶӡҪǰúõص㣬ġ
ˮþûعôŰɣתͷҲаٷʮļܵģˮоһ
ô˵ܵĻǶԵġЦ
ʱˣƽҹһ廹˵´ǲǴػҲ˵Ժˣʱûˡ
˼ûʲô֮뿪ˡ
ͨ˻бͱҲ뿪ˣˮʱ뿪ȻʲôΣգԷԼһҲҰҪˮŭ𣬺οҲᱻ½˳Ц⵽Ⱥ
Ȼˮɱ˶Էǿߣǹġ
ˮҲû£Ǻ㻹ȼС棬Ȼˮ˼ػޡ
ʵػ޲ֻжޣѪ٣ȻֲȴǺֲܿģ½ֲܶٿǱ޸ֲеһЩССȴǺֲܿĴڡ
ˮ˼һѪɾһ꣬ɾʱѾܾúܾˣɾ֮ȪĽ࣬ȻСûʲô仯ȴǿʱ˷츲صı仯
ڵѪٵôˮҲ˵ΪػػҪ顣
ͻػҪĴۺܴ󣬺οܱһҲǺǿһػĴڶĳһԼ飬飬Ȼжػ
˵ˮںһֵĵطɽиȻǺףǽС
ѪֲȻŮ֪ˮҪѪϣΪػʱŮޱȡ
ˮѪٻǺĵģϾɾôõҴʱ̫ˣоѪѾˡ
һ˲УˮȥռԱľѪһһεռȻƣǼ֮Ȫ֮ǰռ֮Ѿھ۱ڰٱͱˮˣŪóһֶ
ȻˮмŮľѪҲУҪĻǼ˵ľѪôӴĺľѪҲǿֲģƳһͷСѪΣܶȴǺܴƮɢѪɫѪɢ
ˮѪѪΡ
һнеĺ˳ѪٲǿֲĴڣľѪξѪˮͼŮľѪҪ֪һһξѪͿԵˣĶͨˣÿξѪ޴
أ
ѪȻһӴʮʺѪĽ綼ͱˣѪɫ뺣УһЩޱֱ֮ӱ˾Ѫ
ˮ֪ɹˣôĿѪļСĿǰٶȹûʮµղģҪһ¡
ԺǺҲҪػˣֻǲ֪Ѫǿǿ󡣡ϣ˵
ֲػһһ򣬳ʵر죬Ȼһֻһеñʧƶ㣬ʵȴǱҪǿ󡣡


2230 ʿǿػ
һЩֲҲƶĳͨҲƶʵǿҲƶ󲿷ֻǲƶģһ־ǨʽƶǨƵʱһػֲܶҲŰǨһܾòſʹһΡ
ܶ˶ڴ࿴ǿѪ٣ϣһѪǿɹһɹˣھͿԿˡ
ˮɾҳѪҲˣԶʱڵһ٣һѪģеߡ
Ѿ죬ҪһЩʱ䣬ˮﲻ󷨣ֵصԱ󣬴ҶȥϢ
Ƕ֮ƽҹһ嵽׻᲻ˮҲ´ǿģˮ֪ܲܶסհ׻ԣĶǺѴЧġ
ŵػҪܶʵľػǿػػһǧֻ꣬ҪػڣͿԱ
ػǺҵģǿػ͸ˣǲԵ޹ʵȥػĳڣԵõԼҪĶĶдȵȡ
صˮͱסһҶ裬ѾһˣѾÿ쿪ʼѾϢˡ
̴ڣ˫ĽʵǣһҶ۾ıˮˮ
ֿҲóˣСʤ»飬һҶ嵭ɵŮҲˮò鶯ѡ
ʦһֱǲʳ̻ŮԭҲˮߵЦ
쵰ҲʦһҶȻϾҲǶķˣһʼ޵ݡ
ִˡˮǽͦİ壬Ծˣˮ˫΢һһҶϵ·ˡ
³һҶһ
ˮķ۾ţ˫ʩչֽ֣ܿһҶ̱
һҶſĴϣѩ׵ıѩ׵˵УһȾ۱⻬ϸ壬ϸκ֫Ľϡ
ѩľˣˮ˫ϸ̲סͷһ
ʱˮŮʿ˼ƽʱһҶ趼ϵƣˮһ
ˮȥ庮ҷѾϢˣ庮ҷû˯ˮֱӾ˵ˮ
庮ҷǸ󵨵Ůӣˮǰ󵨣ҲˮǿҵĻ䣬һֱڵ
ˮǾ֮Ȼ庮ҷͳԲ֮ɲ˵˵ġ
ʱһհȥˮҲŬû¾Ϳ񾳹Żˮʱ䣬ˮҲﵽͨ۷壬ͻƾ͸ϱﵽ벽ˡ
һʵӵĺ٣ҪǴ󾳽ͻƵʱӺܶ࣬СͻƶֱӵʵûʲôӣԵеʱԵѹƻѹƶ֡
ˮмŮȶѪΪѪٽѪΣΪػ٣ֻǲ֪ﵽʲôʵ
ʱһһĹȥ𣬴ĺµĽ⣬еĹâ
ѪԽԽСڻѾʲôҲˡ
ͣ
ͻȻһ֣ȻͿ޴Ѫٺ죬ΧȾͨ죬ӰһӽһȾһ㣬ǿϢźӳȥ
ˮܼǿ󣬲˵ҲܸܵѪٵǿ
ӽԺҾػߡһ˵΢ԣֲŮƽǿ
ˮԼȻѪٵʵԱЩƽҹҪǿĶࡣ
ˮͼŮкдڣΰһѪ٣ѪٱǴĶ࣬ʵҲǿĶ࣬Ѫػ٣ѾԽǺˡ
ҵģҵҲģҵһжģҪΰݣҲҸòΰ㡣ʱѪˮ˵һٽˮûȥס
Ϊػһǵлл㣬ԺǵİȫҪˡˮҲûмЦ
ҵľѾػߣİɣһžͻػҲػһСѪƽ˵
Լػ٣ˮǳ׵ķѪٻΪԼػ٣лһػ
ˮ֪еѣѪһɺϣѪԶ֣Ҫˮ֪֮ѪΣѪҪľѪ
ڱˮ֪ʧʺܸߣػ޺ѱȫͬġػ޺һƽȵģǱʵ𾴵ģݵģѱ޾Ͳͬˡ
ԺҪ鼸Ѫˣɾǻһ꣬ãҲòϣ٣ѪεҲ


2231 ǵаָ
ػٵγúػĴڶһʵ̫ҪˣƵػǾǿһĴڣѪٵǿǿ󣬾ͿǾѵҲ֪Բ
ػʹ˺ܴĺ֮ǣҪػ񻹺ᣬػܾúܾãǶǵһǺĵһڣػҲǵľѪ
ֻˮĴ֪ѪٵĿֲˮھ뿪ҲûκεĵģںΧκ˺ĴڶᱻѪٹ
ˮʱ뿪ƽҹһ黹û棬ˮҲһλͻƽҹһ峹һδԾ
ΧԽԽ㣬Ѫٵλֲϵػ񣬿ƾʵΧʹغܶۡ
ˮں޲ʱÿһ㣬ٱͿԴһ㣬ԼʵͿٴξˡ
ˮľǾ磬ľȥˣԼʵȫӣӣʱתƺɽǴɱ
ƽӣˮ˵⼸ĺܺã޶ߣȻȫҲһûãһֱһԵˮ
ˮ֮ҲǺ֮ʵ֪ʲôϵˮŮԾӣҲǰǵˮŮˣʱˮоԼŮˡ
֮뷨˵ˣⱲӲ޾ͲˣһˮҪ
ˮ˵ҪһŮǺܴģŮΪҪοŮ欣ŮеŮˣ㣬˶õŮˡ
ˮǲǹҡòҵһˮ
ôܰĴˣôܶءˮЦŴ
ֲʲôõôǰô󣬻ռұˣھȻңˡߵˮǰ˫ֹˮĲӣӿˮһգգ
ˮɴ§ǵ֫ϸȴǸׯ֪ŵŮˣˮ߱ʣԵＶŮ˷ŵﶼģϵãµóϵĴ
ô˼ˡˮЦ
ǸŮˣ˼𣿡ǿˮÿĻȡ
ˮֺŮһûٱ٩ʱռ˱ˡ
̫ˣ֪ôģֱֻҪߡˮͷ˵
ҧҧָͷ
˵ͰǸָͷˮ
ˮǸ𺳣ǽЦݣﻹһָҪ˵ָͷɹġ
ûˮ޴ӿϣûиоģ۵ָͷòˮͷˮﰵ߱Ϸˡ
ˮǵЦݣͻȻһָͷСУɫˣָ³ˮָĵĺˮһۡ
Բɣˮıס
У׼ʲô㣬ʱһġһֻˮĿڸͷǻ
ˮͷ˵һ䣬ɫˣģ
ôܶأǷ޶顣ˮ˵
ҳΪŮʱ˵
ǽС˵
ˮܳ嶯ûбô겻ô׷ſģˮȴǱʩչֽ֣һŮˮת̱վͷˣΣˮޱȵ㡣
ҸղŶˡСˮ˵
浶ǹĿǱ⻹ˮЦ˵
ʵһˮַĸоһӾĳȻ浶ǹĸǿҡ
ҧҧ촽ٵȵȣʱܹؼҲġ
˵ݺݵˮһˮɵɵıߣֱǿ˵ĸо

һܺƽҹٴˣһ˲࣬Ҳʮƽҹ棬ĸߴ󣬲ʮң΢һģϴܵ
˻ƽҹ֮⣬һֻޣɫǣֻһ״СȴǻŽ⣬ֻ۾С̫һʵԵĹâϢ·˺ǰĿһ
ˮֻǵʱҲͷƽǵϢֲ̫ˣδСǺǿı׼ﵽһʵ֮ǿɴСġ
ˣûиô۸һƽҹһ壬Ϊκβ𡣡Ϊ׵һƽҹǰ档
˻ɫĿϣվһɽԽһ㣬ˮȣ˵ľ֮ǰľ綼ߣӦûǶ磬ʵӦҲǺֲܿ
û۸˶࣬ǲ£˵Ļ˵ҲǸʲôöΪϲ𣬲ʵֻѹˡˮˡ
ɱôˣȴѹˣ˷ŭĿˮ



2232 ֲػ޻ƽ
Ǹȡˮ˵
Ǹ˵˾ǿʳȻˣǻƾ˵ɣҽ֪ʲôǸˣҵҲˣҿôסҡ˻ţǿ쫷쮹
ػˣ󷨿ˡǸɫĽǹ˵
ǵͷȻֱˮȥͷϵһǳ״ޱȣǽ·ðŽɫĹһ
ֻǹǻƽҹһػޣˮֻǳҲȻǿ󣬸ǿǾ˵Լʵ൱š
ڵˮȴеԼţԷʵҲֲܿ
ԣ
һ£ȻˮͿѺ۲ˮɫˣѸٽʵת۷壬𿴶ֻǿͷ󣬵ƾһƵԿԶɱ

ˮհ׻ٻս⻷Լӽӡȶʩչ
ͬʱڤҲٻˡ
ԣ
£ȫˣȻһˮһӲӵĹΣ

հ׻һ𣬷ӽӡӳϣŽײȥ
ԣ
޴ײȻˮͿհ׻屻ײˣհ׻ȻǲˣԶ֣Ӧñհ׻Ҳߣȫѹˡ
ǿĽհ׻һ¾ˣԷĴڡ
ˮѸٽ֮׷һ˳
Ź
ˮʩչȻһɫһ
һµ֡
ˮоĺëˣӰһѸȥǱ磬ʱһƬѪģ
ֲ
ʱˮоֲ̫ˣǵʵ̫ǿˣ⻹Ǳ֮ģȻôǿ
һٴˮȥ
תƣ
һ
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ֱӴ˽ǵԴϣˮһҲһǧİӷ
ֻýǷصǵʵͳԽһǧİܶ࣬ڼϺˮ֮ľ޴࣬Խǵ̫ǿˣתӷˮڻǲҪѹƣһֻýǷصĺУȻܷŭ
תƵʩչˮҲ˺ܶ࣬磬磬ԼܸıֻأҪ磬ֻҪȥѹסԷôתƵͺֲܿˡ
ɽ
ųĽǣˮУֱ֮ôɽ
ˮԼķɽŵģȻŽǷȥٶȺܿ죬貵ĹδΧĿһ󷭾

ٶ̫ˣһҲһ£նһ˿ëƤ˼νɫѪҺ
ԶŻƽѪ

ˮķɽٴηɻʱ򣬽һ쳹ХΧһȦɫСΧĿռƺһŤȻɽٶȻ½˺ܶࡣ
ȻŷɽȥͷϵֱӶ˷ɽϡ

һէ֣ҫ۵ķ·Ҫ̴۾һɽֱӱˣˮƺ÷ɽصԼߣɫˣǾȻֲ̫ͨˣý绢
Ȼٽߵһٶˮͨࡣ
뵽ͨˮϽʹóһýǵٶƺҲ˺ܶࡣ
̫ϬˣٶȾˣϬҲߡ
˶ԽǺģûжʱǾǶػ޵Ĳ
˿ƣ
˿ѸٵŽǲȥ
Ҳûֱˮٴȥ˿ȴ޷ӰǣǰǵʵԽ̫ˡ
أ
ϳֳǧ˿Žǲȥѩ׵˿յŽǲȥ
һνҲͣƺܼɵε˿ĽȻͷȴǳ˾޴УȻֱӭ˿ȥ
ǵ˿ֱӱеǵֱӴд
ͳļУ˿ٴγŽǳȥ

ƺŭˣһУȻֱ޴ɽһɽ޴ɢֲɱ˿Ǿ޴壬Ҫʱ򣬽Ǿ޴ͷ­ڷֱ˽ɫĻ档
˫צҲ˺˿
ɫĻֱӽ˿ٻ٣Ȼ˿˿ɲһ˿ɵסǵĽ棬˫צҵ˺ֱ˺Ϻܶ˿
أ
ͳĽʱѾ޴צӾҪ˺
ˮ۾죬һɽ֡
פɽҲǽĹмʴܻϧ治ǿģȻײ˾ɽϣֱײ˾ɽٶȲȥ
ˮ۾ŭʱƺԮʹĺػپȾ


2233 ػ걬ƽ
ˮܾ˶ûôʱ򣬶Է̫ǿˣȫѹƣһˮоĳ֮Ĳ࣬ˮ֪ƽǵʲô磬һֲܿԿֲĴڡ
ػ޿ߴڣܶ඼ǴԶ߹ģͷƽϾһصĴڣػƽҹһĴڣûƽҹԶһֱڶƽǵĹͣûлƽǵĻƽҹ治һߵڡ
ˮһֱоԼʵܲˣ˺ԼĲˣС֮ͨǰȷʵӰ첻󣬵֮ͨԽԣʵǻûʵֻҲУûʵҲ򲻵ʲô˵ﵽߣͻƾͻʵѸˡ
һߣˮȴΪϣľصػˡ
ȻˮһֲֽԴ˾ͿԶػʹػٵĽ
ˮ֮Ҳûбʲô̫ϣֻʵûа취ˣϾ󷨱ˣԼʵ޷赲ɽɽжתƶ޷ֹ
гޣ׻赲ôǿޣ˲ʲôã赲Դ˻´ΣοٻҲʵڵĽհ׻ӦǿٳܼλƽǵĹϧʱҲ
ˮסԷ޾͸ӲˣٶȲֱӻᱻƽķɵġ
ˮκػپȾ
ˮϣ߸оҲʱȴصһ졣
ɳʯһѪɫ޴ֱӲס˻ƽǣ״Ѫ
ء
ֲǺлǺޱȵʹ࣬޴ĻƽǾҵǷצݲϵѪɫѪϿҧץ
ò˵ƽǵݺצӺֲܿǿѪҲжˣʺѪҺѪϴŷĵ̣ЩѪ̹ס˻ƽǱӲƤë
ٷ֧ϵȻסϵսȻһ㣬·޾ֲǷĵ̾ǿĻƽҲĲ֧Ȼһȥ
ƽǺǿˮһȴǸоôˮȴ𾪣ԼһʲôĴڣʲôʵʲô磿
ˮھȵ뵽Ѫٵľ⣿
ֻܹѪٵϣˮҲ֪Ѫٻ˶ãɾֺܾúܾãĵرľѪɹϧûֽ
ˮޱȵľȣЩǲ֮еģѵػٲ֮У
һᣬ벻ףˣֻ֪Ѫޱȵǿ󣬾Ȼֲˡ
޴ĻƽǷֲİľѪȴڲϵʧѾٰΧǿһļѹ
˶ʱ鼤ػ̫ǿˣȻ걬ƽҹػ޻ƽǣƽǵǿھǺһҲޱǿĴڡ
ƽҹǸɫҰףѾǵػҪˣöԷŹƽǲܵģȻƽȥֲٻȫɱ
⣬ѾĺˣһתѪٴӵ´ܳѪ⼸ƽҹסǻƽҹһǿļˣǻƽҹһڡ
ȴûκ
ҽмϺ˰ʱȻʧˣѪʧˣֻںһ꿴ǺܴѪ׳ţСɽ塣
л٣ˮͼŮл
Ȼ˶һݣеļͽǲƽｫǱܷۣȫĴڣΣķĴ½ûбϵġ
ٲҪΪһƬעˡ
Ѫûлػķ·˯һĴڣﲻоįʶ⺣ƮߺԶ
ƽҹһˣڻƽȥʱעƽҹһҪûˣǺҲһ֧ƽҹ棬ԲĴĻƽҹ
û˻ƽǣƽҹסΪǿػޡ
ػһǱϣ崫ƾþΪػıϣû伸ˣػػƽȣһûػôоͿ޼ɵĴ
ˮ׷ǽžǷչ׳ԼʵԺԽǺ򣬺ʵѸٵķչҲҪʱ䣬һγҪʮ˵ŬҪõķչ
ˮǱػٺͼŮͻá
ܿͺܶ˾ۼΪƽҹػ޻ƽǱɱ˵Ϣڶ֪ˣҾˮػٵҲ˳
ػ٣ͷ·٣ԺػٵĿֲˮҲΪһֲĴڣػֻ˵˵ѪޱȵǿػһҪߵľѪ
ˮľѪȻ˵ˡ


2234 ҧˣ󶴸
ҲܴôˣҪ֮ǰû治У̫ɹҲһЩˣҷҲˡ
ƽҹһħŵǿѣһˮǶϵħŵһ۰ħźͻƽҹ浽˭۰Ҫڵħź廢ɹ˵ʧܴ
̫ɹģ޵У޵бȻˡ
ƽսһ߳ҪˮˮȻûдӦʵүӣûо
ƽսĬˣҲûˣˮȻ˳
УߴڣһĻһҪ뷨ƽս˵
ǵѵܳĪһҪˮʵ
ƽսɬЦЦߴڣȻûȷ˵ʲôԾֹУܲʥĵطǿĴڣ꣬꣬ĵ޷󣬳Խûκοܡ
ˮҲףԭоĴڣǽľԶ˵ĴڣокܴܶϾݱǩġ
Ժһлģˮ׿ЩҪԼʵڵʵ
ˮ΢Ц˵
ˮЦˣżûôˡ
ҷһԿŮϵЦݻе߼һεСŮ˵ӣģЩûΪŮģڿҲɿ
󿴵׵ЦһӾ͸ˡ
ˣСһϲҪˮЦһЩҪǾࡣ
쵰޲ˮ
ãˣҪúôҷ翪ĵ˵
סּ
˶ЦſȻˮЦǿϱӡ
ǱŮˣǱŮ
ûӦ˵ʲôҲûá˵ˡ
ˮҲ֪ŮǲҷʱЦСӣȥ
ˮͷúãȥ
һںԺĳˮ󻵵
СԽԽСŮˣ÷衣ˮչȥ
ˣһȥĿˮ
ǣ޷ˣԼءѩͣôͦˮű֡
ȥҧ㡣
ǰץˮĸ첲һҧȥǱˮˣҲ򲻹ˮˮǰҲԽԽСŮˡ

ˮ˾˱ݣˮĸ첲˱ǰҧģˮͱߣȻͦε֮Ȼô
ˮ죺ҲҪҧ㡣
Ȼˮֱҧ˱ǰ
ˮȻûֻһ£һһӾͰѱˡ
类һĳһˮץҲûôķӦʱĿˮ˫۾ȻžӨΣȻתߡ
ˮˣϽǰһѱסԲ𡣡
Һʲôϵҵʲôˡ䣬ƺصһμʱ
ˮ֪һιˣͻȻоŮ˾ԶȻţȴǸоԽԽԶоôҲץ
һʼˮ۸ƺûйˮѾδķδֻҪûгɻ飬ҲôḡǳɻҲҪչĸܣǲʲôˡ
ͻȻ䱱о䣬ƺĳֶѾˣģѹΪˮḡģǶˮ̬
ˮ뾲ҲС
ͻȻһ꣬һʧȥʲôһ̨뿪ˣһֱûǣоƺҪʧȥʧȥûŮ˵Ůˡ
ž
һˮоƺĳһһѪɿƵĴðǰƺˣͻȻʲô飬ʲôŮ֮飬ʲôһжôѰա
ʱƺһ˵ʲôоˣվǵѪЩʹһ̷Լǰ˵ģͷ϶˲䣬һڶ
ͻˣͻˣͻˣȷʵⰮƺĺãƺоҪʧȥˣʧȥǲʧȥˣֱͻ˵ǰľ磬ﵽ˶硣
벽ľ磬ǶˣһڶγɴѾﵽ˶ˡ
һڶԽԽѩ׵Ϣ
һڸγɣڱһٴγһڶ
վˮһƺҲʱһõĻ䣬ȷʵһõĻ䣬ȴû˵ʱеָܣһʱ·ʧȥʲô


2235 ˮĽɫʵ
˫һͻƾ˫֮ˣűֳһ
һͻƾʹﵽ
ûͻˣﵽ
ˮȻת뿪ˡ
űһ뿪ӰһԶȥˮǵѪٴӿʱȴг֣ˮüͷ𣬷·޴ʹࡣ
ͻȻܲһЩƣһӽնˡ
䣡
һˮȥ
ˮû뵽һθһεĸ龭˽ΪʲôܸоһĴô
һ׵ˮϣ˿ȴԽǿң·ҪΧضȥһ
䡭
ܼ׵粻ֻͣܿѩ׵硣
ܡ
һɫ׹
ˮһȴһۣ˵ʱȥ̨գ֪ڿɺãԼȻûѹסǿħ֮Ѫ
һۣ޴ɫ׵һˮϡ

ˮ۵ķ·ҪɢһоԼ嶼Լˣһ𣬷·Ҫеѹֺͷ곹׷йȥ
һĳνһҪĻǽɫģģȴǶ
䡭
е׵ٴγ֣ʱɫг˾޴Уе׵ˣˮʱһֵ飬С
ˮһʱ䲻⵽ô¡
е׵粻ϵ£ɫĶȴǷ·޵׶һʲôȫȥɫĶԽԽʵӲӵģͱ˵Ķͬ
ˮ֮ǰԼĻƽҹȵĶͬ
ˮоԼʵҲӣٶȲǺܿ죬Ҳϵ׵ġ
һγּҪһﵽ綼һǺǿҲﵽе죬еˡ
ڴﵽĸֻд˵УĹƶûм
׵磬ˮĽɫȶˮ룬ʵȻҼˮֱӳ룬ɫĶҲܲѰ

еʵͻͽϹޱȣǲ׵ޣֻһֱûеõʵĻԵûǿ޸ǿ͵ޡ
ڵ޷ʲô仯ˮ֪ڱ֮ǰҪǿܶࡣ
ƣϵ£ɫѾˣԶˮϣˮǿ󣬵ȴҧţǿе׵ƺޱ޼ʣˮҲǻˡ

ˮ޷ܣٴη޴ĺУϵ𣬻Ӳļʱýģӭſе׵磬׵硣

һˮϴγһڶڿģѾԿ϶һǵڶ
ͣͱ˵ĶһҲ׵磬ˮѪһѸóνıܽٵһ
һ˲о巢΢ı仯оһһе׵ûб仯ֱ֮ӵȥ˳ңһ¸оɡ
ڶڶͣе׵Ҳһˣˮ˿ˮоʵ˺ö࣬ڵоޱȵǿ
ʵҲӣе׵ҲԽǿοڷ˱ܽٵ
ڶҲԼˡ
ɿֵܳڶˮˡΪԼκãһЩڳ˵ѾˣҪ֪һͻҲڡ
ںֲܿˣĿǰ֪ˣһδͻƶˣܶڵǿߵڵġ
е׵ԽԽ٣ˮȻ˵Ŀڶܵϸϸȴһĵ
ˮǱޱȣ˺ۣޱȣȴޱȵĿģҲܼһ´ﵽ磬Ѿڶ֮ǰʵǿ˺ܶࡣ
һıͨ񾳽Ҫ˲٣ʱˮĹﵽٶʮ
ˮʵٶʮ
ǧķ
ɵķˮķﵽǧʮ
񵲱ٶʮĸˮ൱ڴǧ˰ķ
ˮɽԵʮ˺ʮзˮķﵽǧŰ
һˮʵ˺̫ܶ࣬ˣҪǾﵽ˶磬Ѿֲܿˣͨ񾳽ľͺֲܿˣܶνһûĴš
ԡѪڶҲޣˮҲ֪޻޵꣬հ׻ޡ
ˮȥɾ޻ڣ˵һ꣬ʲôãˮҲ֪ϾڵĶ绹׶Ρ


2236 뿪
һεͻȷʵˮ⣬Ϊ˰벽硣
֮ԷͱйϵˮȻģ뵽ﻹһѹһҹصǰˮϲŮˣϲһûʲôɣƯŮˣеŮôҲϲ
쳾޴ãû뵽һת䣬һһ仰һ־ĸо仯ôı仯
ʰһˮĥӵ
ˮʵӻǺȶģϾͻƣͻøȶοˮҪǷϤס
ɽ
Ĺﵽ˿ֲһǧһ̺ſֲĶܻɽҲǿóԺԽսˡ

ˮʼо뵽˽հ׻Ķһֻ׻ȣеսһ˿ԸṩԪʵ֮޻ꡣ
ƽʱ˿ԶˣؾṩԪӿ죬ͨĪ
ˮŽɫеޣӦһ˿꣬һγɵޣֲ̺׵֮һ˿·Զһ㣬ɢֲϢ
ˮԵеޡ
䣡
ֱӴܳϼףֱӺڿУҪ겢ʧ·һһϤˮϣʱˮʶٿ˿ꡣ
׻׻
ûţųһӡ
ˮҲ΢һ㶴ãĿ޵޻Ը޻꣬һǿս
޻겻ģʩչսһ
ȥˮеɣ֮ǰԼû׷󣬲֪ò׷뵽Ů˲ǺͿԵģ뵽ҲǸŮˣĿ
ߵǰԺҶڣҲڲû뿪ˮ⣬Ͼ֮ǰ飬о뿪ģûˮ΢ɿ
֮ǰˮһ˲ƺ˺ܶ࣬ﲢرĻûʧһ˵ʣŻһºͣȴвʧ
ˮԵİɣĶŵˮĵ˵
ˮЦŵͷȥʱҪӱˮȴǷ΢Цſˮ
ЦˮǸоԼľԶˡ
ˮĽŲеأһһ߹ȥԼԼľԼģǿڸǰҲԸǿ󣬷֣
ˮ˼˫ۿűĺ
ǲǿ̬ȣоϲŮˣҲҪǰǶԷԼ
۵ǣԼϲŮ˰Լ˭Ҳ赲ԼԷԼˣˮ
ͻȻоֱסˣһ֣ͻȻֻûʧʧõĸоƺڲⱱ󣺡ԭ𣿡
Ҳץ㣬Զ߿㲻Ρ䣬ˮ֡
˵תˣȥˡ
ˮȴǺܿģȫƽһ˿ѺһĴڸƽˡ
ˮڱİʱһ̵Ĵܵ˺ܶණ¾ͻơǸ鶯ɲܱ飬ӦûõļԦ顣
ˮоԼڸһֱ죬֮ǰڡ
ˮںܿģ˺ܶĺóԵģвĴͣǿɾƷĶ̲ӲٵԪһЩ˴󱥿ڸ
Եĺܿģˮȴûԣһֱæ
ûˣ㣬ллˮ극ʱ񾳹Ż
ţӹ
ˮվǰ˵ʲôʲôҲ˵ô٩ˣˮ֮ǰ
ˮԳЦЦ
㲻ǵӺܴôηηβˣһμʱƺŵġˮҲŤ
ʱҲϲ㣬ʲôҲ£ͻȻָоİˮҡҡͷЦеɬ
Ŭ˺ܾòŮŮˣһӻָӣȻˮеơ
ûôҪ֮ǰ߹ȥĿԶʧǰҪİңͲôļ򵥵ķҡˮ˵
ҵûôǿ󡣡
֮ˮ˵ֻԼ֪Ϊǰļ䣬ӡһЩԸûڵʵһУվŮǰҿ
û뵽ˮش𣬵ȴƺˣе㶮ˣЦЦҵľ˺ܶ࣬ҾڱЩҲʧⱲӻҪˣռôˣҲ㻹ܼ˭
ˮ뱧סȴ쵽һôҲ첻ȥһ˿į˿įˮ˺ܴĽסܷʲôҶ뿪


2237 ȷϵ
ˮĻڱĶǻˮĲ̧ͷˮĺڱʯһĽëɢ˵ľ޾һգգĿˮ
ֻ֮磬ˮĸܵϢ棬ֱͦǾǰֻˮںܱ֣ʧȥ
Ů֪еηηβ
뵽֮ǰĻˮ֮ǰԼ˵Ļľһ仯ʱǰһġ
ˮĴչȥ˱ܵʱ䡣
ɫˣûжܣ۾΢΢𣬳ĽëϵĲ˵ʱ鲻Ǻƽ
ŵ糴ĸоȫˮĺסǽ۵Ĵ꣬ţţֻֽıţ֮û˼϶
ǰϤѹȣԾˣˮֻϸƽ˿أ͸ѸٵĽĿռ䣬סˮ۵̰˱
΢΢ˮһǣһ߸˫־ǲʩչֽҲǺħ
ڶǿˮվˮɿѾı󣬲ı۾ϣǷ۾ˮסǾӨĶʱ򣬱鴤ıסˮǰһмĵȼ󱬷
һɵζƮɢˣˮٴŵϤζϴҲУû˵ǸȻôŵζԪ
糺죬ˮﲻ̧ͷٴθܵƮƮ·Ҫĸо֪ŮһŻ飬ûгΪŮˡ
뵽ЩеĸоԼһҲһ
ˮûٶǰıĺܶ࣬ܶʱҲ֪ԴҲ֪Ϊʲôڣ֮ǰΪһ̬һ̬ȡ
ˮѾһЩ̬ȣҲ֮ǰҧǸٶ̫ḡˮҲе㱡
̧ͷˮղˣ
ˮҡҡͷûУۣоܣʵͰ㵱ҵŮˣҲŻҳҲģҲǶԼǸŮ˶ġ
㻹˵һμʲô˵һμҾϲңˡ
ҵһμ㾪ΪˣҲ֣Ĳǿ󣬵ʱȴϲҲ֪ΪʲôˮεЦЦ
΢ЦſˮϱӻǷģҲϲˣҲϲŮˣͨ񾳽ܾúܾãΪһӶͻˣΪͻҪһˣͻˣ𣿡
ˣҸ˵Ĳͻˣļ˻ᰮҡˮĸˡ
Ҫȥ·òС˵
֮ǰ治ˮЦ˵
˵ߵ
Ȼģŵ𡣡ˮ˵
˵
ҸղźòãҪ˵ҿҪˡˮо֪ĽҲˣҲȷ˹ϵֻǲһʽѡ
ĴڣʽʲôòҪġ
˵㲻Ͻ˵
ˮϣһȻоˮġ
ˮʱоرĺرгɾ͸Уһӽᱧת˼ȦŽ
뿪ˣҲ뿪ˣͻˣҪȥȹ̾磬Ǽͻƾ磬Ѿͨ񾳽ʱ̫ˣʱӦûͻơ
紫˵˴ﵽʮȻͻ֮Ĵ󾳽磬Ҳһͻƺľ磬ȥͻƺľǿԶڵǰľ硣
磬翪ٵĶԽ࣬ͻƵ˺澳ʵԽǿ󣬾Ҳǵػһһ㶼ͣܳʱ䣬һ㶼ǴﵽĶͻͻƣϾĶԽԽѿ٣ܰѴ档
ˮҲҪо磬һͻƺ⣬رһɫĶȴǣɫĶҪǿܶࡣ
ɾУˮڶصĶﶼһĴڣɣӲӵģããģϵˮ岹Ԫˮ塣
ˮƺҲڴŶˮͻȻŷԼĵѾǰĵˣ֮ǰûע⣬ڲŷ֣Ҳһ
һϽɫĶ
Ͻ𶴸ɫҽ״ɽ֮塢ȶУõ
ˮһǴȡٽĶĸѾȻܵӦòöþͿԿԿٳˡ
ÿһʵͻһأҲעʵǿһ㶴Ķ࣬·ҲߵĸԶ


2238 ʮż붯廢ɹ
֪ĸµʱȥˣˮѾٳĶˮɾŰٱ䣬ٱĲ㿪ˣһֻ϶һЩˮȽġ
ʵʮţǱܵʮţɳʮţݷٸٸΪʮţ弶ʯһţ弶ʯһţ弶ٶȷʯһţ弶ָʯһţ弶ʯһţ弶ʯһţ弶Էʯһţ弶ܷʯһţӰٷߵԡ
Ʒʣٱ;۱衣
ɽľˮɿΪʮ߼硢ʮ˼Լʮż綼ҪһݷÿһҪٸݷٸ
Ǿ۱Ͱٱ֮
εõٸݷÿ磬ɽԴﵽʮż硣
ݷƷ֮ˮֱɽ
ǽɽ
ʮż
üгԱܵ˺һɣս
ٷʮŵĻָٶȣʮйʮзʮĶ˺ٶܵʮ˺ټܵ˺ٷ֮ʮš
ӡǶʯ
Ӱٷ֮ߣӰٷ֮ߣӰٷ֮ߣָӰٷ֮ߣӰٷ֮ߣٶӰٷ֮ߣӰٷ֮ߣӰٷ֮ߡ
ɽǿĵط˺⣬Ѿﵽ˲ɣԹֲӵĹˮ˵ǺܲģɽҲǺ죬˺ֲĵط
ɽͻƣˮʵҲڴ˾һЩ
ﵽ˽ʮͻĶ˶ʮңɽϷԼ񵲶ȣˮķǧҡ
ɽľûͻƣ߼屶ʵĹﵽһǧһĹҲܲˮǺġ
ھҲǲˣѹԼĲǺܶ࣬ѹҲ޵ѹƣϴδŽǵǸ˻ƽҹ棬ʱˮתƶ޷˺Էˮתƻɱ˶Է
ǲ࣬ͻƣˮҲһ⣬ǸɫеϽ𶴸ƺһְԵ
ˮֵľͻƶ֮󣬻֮ҲƺĳͻƣˮĻһֻϢϢǿѹƱˣϾ˻֮
Զʱڣ˵ģ˻ʾ˵ҲǿԺЩʣһϸߵ͵Ĵڡ
ǶĻ֮ͻƣǻ֮ĶͻƣˮҲ֮˵Ǻ£Ѿ˻ʡףֻҪ㹻ǿѹƶԷġ
ˮڵĻرĿֲԿԵֵʵѹƣ΢ѹƶԷһ㡣
Ͻ𶴸£ɢԪˮӣ֮ԽҫۣӲӵģϽ𶴸ӳһ˿ϽΡ
ȻԷеĻȴǿޱȣѹƶ֣ˮʵԵõķӡ
µʱˮһֱûµĸ˿һֱûг֣αչغþˣչزǲԲȣһĵط˴Ȼ
ƽҹһ壬ҲĴĻƽҹʧˣȻûб˳׵ĸϾɱҲʡ²࣬ѾʧˣһڵϾ̨Ļ᲻ˣһҲҪԺˡ
ڵˮȥ廢ɹˡ
ڵʵоˣʱҲǷ˿ֲı仯ʵоԼڻܺ廢ɹһϸߵˣǲ廢ɹʲôػ
ˮ˼ɵģˮѾþûȥˡ
ԾʵȻǺǿĲҵοˮģˮ粻ǵˣҲǴ⣬һǸҽ
ҲǸʥĵط
ˮ˶ó֣ˮҲ˲ٶһЩڻûκãǲóµģκˣ˭ܱ֤´ξͲ˲⣬ﰲȫ˵һʧ

ˮˣܶ˶ǿĵĴк˲Ǻܶ࣬ڶѾ֪ˮǿҽǶ֪ƽսһֱѵλӸˮˮӡ
һ·кϻƽս
Ҫ߳ϻƽս񿴵ˮĵЦˣôͷˡ
үӣʵһֱе¾ϵˡˮߵԺʯﵹ衣
˵ɣ֪û¹ƻ֪ʲô˵ɡ˼һˣȻʲôܿʵܿģ˻ۻǰˣƵϷ绪ˡ
֪廢ɹػǿǿ


2239 ԻѪѻ
ˮҲûʲôֱ˵˳
ƽսû뵽ˮ⣬һ˵ˮ廢ɹôĴôãҺħѣǿ֮⣬Ϊػ޵ԭ򡣡
ˮһ֪ˣԷػ޺ǿ󣬵ٴʵүӸػʲô
ƽս̾˵һֻԶ֣׳꣬һֻԻ
Իˮ޻治֪ʵԻҲôǿɣҲûжǿİɡ
ˮСޣҲгԽĴڣԻԶʱҲǿֲĴڣԻǿԿٳ˶Ĵڣһ£ѪǿܿŶİ˶ѾǼˡƽսˮ˵
˶磬ˮĶ˶һ࣬ӵлǲ±ѹƣֻǲֻ֪Իǲǻͣڶ磬ԻʵΡ
үӣػʲôˮʵ
Ϊ֪أػһֻѪѻƽսЦ
ѻˮ֪ģԶʱҲһǿĴڣ˵ѻҲǷ˵һŮǲǾ޴ӿˣӣҲŮڶ࣬ӥȸȶз˵ѪЩʷôء
ѪֻѻǰѪȫѪǲǲһˣѪǾͲ࣬ǰѪѻҲǿĴڡ
ֻѪѻѾػܶˣڣʱ仹ǺܳվڱҲΪѪѻԭ򡣡ƽսѪѻǺܹģϾѻ˵ʸϡ
ȥˮ˵
ȥɣںɽƽս˵
ˮɽûпػޣˮڵʵѾ֮ͬǰʶǺǿģѾԸܵǿֲϢ
ܺ廢ɹվڱǾ˵ֻѻǿ󣬾ԲʲôԻˮػ񣬿ǲǿĴڰԼ
ˮվܰŰʱ֮ˮ̧ͷɽһɽۣһֱīĴ˵ǴҲ󣬹Ҳ׸ߣɢĺһһ˫Ӿ䡣
ˮֱӷɽۣˮػˡ
ˮÿҵ˺ܶˣֻû뵽ôᣬ治Ϊһ¡һ˵
ûʲôص㣬Ǹо˺Уоܺദŷ
ػ˹ˣе㶫Т㡣ˮЦóһЩѪϹȣÿһֶ޼۵ġ
ˮ֮ǰƽս˵ˣǰѪѻ
ѻЩûʲôӦƽĿˮΪ£
ˮҡͷػˣҪˣЩȷʵģԲκһ˿ĳɷ֡
ˮѻûʲôƿѻ˵ܲܣˮû뷨οˮǿĴڡ
㣬Щ̫ˣҲաѻ˵
°ɣҲǾһݣֻҪЩʱժһݡ
ѻûƴǣӹЩЩٿѪһɣֻ࣬аѪѪҪܴﵽ˳ѪôʵͿ
ˮ뿪ʱѻ˵Ҫʵǿˣʲô鶼þˡ
ˮص֮ͻˡ
ѻĻԷ˵Ǹ˵֪Լʲôˮ׼ȵȡ
֮˵ãˮһ㶣һŮ˽
޳ǺǿյŮ·һϢţ߹ѾˮڸоΨݡ
˫ǿһвʧ䣬˲ֱӣڵˮɸо𾪺еԲλࡣһ㵭һ
һѩ׵ķ£һֻѩˣȴɢһĵ̣ǿҵѹ
ˣȻٴθˮһϲϴҵһξȻһҵˮ
˳ǣˮ뿪ʱڱչأ˷ţԼҲ֪ᵽҲû˵ԼȥֻǸԼ򱱷ȥˡ
ʱ׼ڱԳǿõģԳǺͷ˳ǰţֻǵطҺãûʽҵˮ뿪
ˮĵվˣôҵġ
Ҳ֪ܸо˵ϵû˷һʱ͵ⱱ򣬵̫ˣֵöô󡣡΢Ц˵
̫ˡˮĵĽ˱ת˸Ȧ
ˮշ£ſڣ֪ʲôʱѾվʱˮˡ


2240 ħʼ
֪ʲôʱѾվʱˮˡ
ˮǲǺϾǰֻȢһοŮ֪ԼֻһŮˣԼҲûʲô
С㣬ǽ¡
ˮ˵ţˣȻűׯ԰
Ůվһˮ֮ǰоܳǶµŮˣʱվһ໥ӳģȻγһĻ档
ŮǺܾȣû뵽ԷôƯŮʵǺԸģһζһָоԷƺԼƯһ㡣
ʵˮ治ѡһƯģֱȽŮˣˮһ˿覴á
̫ɹĴС㣬ˣ֯ġˮ򵥵Ľǡ
ãÿ΢Ц˵
ҸоıƯ˵
Ҳĸо˵
һЦˣû뵽һ쵰Ȼ
仰˵ġо˵Ͷ
ֱӰˮһߣȻһֱ˺ܾãƺˮͷˮϴλıһλˣȻ漣һγ֡
ֻһŮͼ
ˮܴ㣬ǰĻٷǰŵʮķ֮ǰʮڵֽ̻Ի͵ĸоÿһŶĻ
ǣҲܾȡ
ŮԼĻУˮģΪˮĶŮˡ
ҵӣһˮЦ˵
û˵ʲôʮȫеŮеʡ
һҶ庮ҷŮֻǼһҶ衣
αչسˮܾȣ֮ǰһֱ֪ʲôʵһֱΪԼ߲˶٣֪ʵˣʵǾ磬ͱ󼸺¡
ұҲǱչسġ
ŮڵʵսʵȻȲˮһ㣬Ǻǿ
ԱЩǿе֮֮ŮҲ˿ѷɫ
ȥһ֪Լڻûʵȥ廢ɹ뵽廢ɹˮͻ뵽̨գ֪һǲʵҪ죬ǲҪħ
ˮħ̨յʱһؽ֮أһŮվؼ䡣
һͷѪɫĳһѩ׾ıգѩһ㣬޳£˫ȴһƽǸѩ硣
ˮͻᾪޱȣʧ̨գŮ֮ں˪ݵŮ֮ƺźܶС
ϹԶ̨գһ˿ʹ࣬Ǿ޴ƺ˺̧ܶ࣬ͷ죺ջ·ˣҹϣСջ·
޴Ϲһһڴϡ
ŮҪΪֻ̨ǱѪծˣŮͻȻо·ʧȥʲôһ
̨ͷգ纮ƽﺣˮ
Щܸо˺ܶණǿʼʱиģӰ֣ģӰҲʧˣֻ·иģӰƺϤϤôҲ벻
ħħҪȥֻصǱʣȻħţǱԼġ
Ϲ겻֪˶ٴһˮˣ̨ƺǲϹĴ̫ˣҸҪˣһһ鲻֪˵˶ٱ顣
廢ɹ
кܾõ廢ɹǿػޣٲȻΪһһֵöôȴǺܰΪһֻǿԻػ
ǰ̨ϣħţͬʱһħң˵ħϾħŵ֮һ
ħħ廢ɹıңȻ˲̨ңӳȥֻˣϹűҩ̨ա
̨ǱұԶµҩǱҵүȴǱҵľţԺıҲⶼϣ廢ɹҲϡ
ʹ̨յɫ̨նῴһۣ׵ʱؾûκԥñԶ߳ŭġ
ʱĻкܶ࣬ﱻˮЩˡ
̨ջصҲǳˡ
廢ɹǸֵӣүԶȢ޵ӣǵʮӣħŻкܶ˶ˣڱû˲Ҳӡ
ѻƽҹʧˣҲܺ廢ɹĵλֻҪ廢ɹػڣǾû˿ô
ԱɽｻַǷͻȻһ
ôͻȻô䣿˶һ˵
ǰҲо䰡ˣҪͨ˻Ķ
Ź֣̫Źˡ
ৣ
һгһĽ֮һ
ںȾƵıԶֱӱնˡ

һҽдֵգͬһʱƻۡ


2241 ħ壬
ںȾƵıԶֱӱնˡ

һҽдֵգͬһʱƻۡ
ԶʲôˣǱҲ廢ɹδļ̳ˣеţѾ꣬ħһЩʵҲǱħҪǿһ㣬ھȻûп˾ͱն˫ȡ
ƣ
г˴ƬıƣƲгһֻޱȾ޴ꡣ
˭ΪʲôұҶ֡ʱһ߳ſзŭ˵
ۣ
ֱӱ롣
ң֪ǲǵ̨ҡ׹һֳͻȻһļžȻǰǰӦһʮǰң˺ܶ඼֪ġ
гһֻ޴꣬վһŮˣ˿ѪɢµϢĺܶ˶Ǻѡ
˭ôôǿ󣿡
̨ҵǸŮħ壬ħħɣûܵסһ֪̾ſΪʲô̾
ȥ֪ͨȥ֪ͨػˡ
ֳңܶ˶ϯɢȥЩǱĿˣʱʲôҲ˲ϣܶ˶뿪Ҳбҵûû뿪еıֱӺˮ֮ҵ˾Ҳû˸Ҷˡ
ҵҪ˶ǾﲻԶܿͻ۹
һ߿Զն˫ȶʱ˫۱Ѫ죬ǾʱһֱӽԶԴն
һ࣬оôôԴ̨ҵģǼȻʹһҹ̨֮Ҽʧ̨Ŀ˵
ҪҪҪ
ߴĺһŸ߿ճһȦĹΣһֻ޴ϻʱһѽɫ󵶡һֱڿɱѪ
ն
һһĴŻı֮棬Ϣ죬ΧһֱӺߡ
䣡
һı죬˾޴ȻͰˡ
һУһоͽɱˡ
ݳֲ̫ˣɱ
ħ壬ɵɵһ¶һ˸лһݽѡ
أ
±֪ܼĺ˴أÿһڴ϶貵ıһģһ˻ҽ
ػˣ
Ѿ˺ػˡ
֮ǰһзʱ̣ܶ˵ػӦ֪ˣػһ㲻˾ͳֻ֣ܵ޴вкȵʱ֡

˷ӦԶһֻ޴ޣһž޴ͷޣһֻ޴ϻɫϻѩ׵ͷͷһǡ
صľֻŰȣޱȵĹ죬Эдޣ򼣬ȶĿԴﵽһҪһ㣬ֻʮңٵܵÿ죬ȶ
ֶ򼣬Ͼȶļһһ߲ʮȵٶȺܿ졣
ԻٶȾޱȣǿ󣬰ȿһҲϢÿȶ̺ſֲʵ
Ϲ꣬ôˡԻϹ귢˻һ˸оǸĴ
׳꣬ϧˣϧˡϹҡҡͷ̾Ϣ˵

ԻĽ绢幭ƽһ˫ɫ۾ǺڶһۣĹâ
һڵ׵ӰԻһз
̨ƺһҲţеŮ֮øˣѩķ·Ҫ͸һȻ̧
Ķ죬ǿ˲ܶѩ裬ѩͷѩķӦƺıˣе㽩Ӳɭɭĺϵĳ塣
̨Ѫһһ̺콫ƣȻһŰԻ

Ի˿ڶȫ֣Ȼ۳һƬ뵲ס̨ǿֲһ
ƣ
̨ջ˵ƺĴ͸ǰѽն˰Իĺ棬ֱնһӣȡ
𡭡
ʹ쳹ʱѾϾ˼תӡ
ɱôˣ컹𣿡
̨սһƬƣӰ𻨣ֱӳڰԻǰ͵һ¡

أ
䣡
ǿİԻ̨ǰûκεĻ֮Ҵ廢ɹĴһɫҰףǿޱȵػˣػ羻һĴڣȴǱɱˡ
̨ձϵ˵¡
ˣҪˡ
ټţǿĴڣգۼûˣٹЩʱ佫᳹׵ʧ
廢ɹûˣ廢Ҳûˣֱ廢ɹûħѾʼˣô򵥵廢ɹôħҲʲô⡣
ɱħű廢ɹƺ֣廢ɹˣħҲƺ
ħѾĻ̻̣廢ɹҲѸٿֲĴš


2242 ħħѪ
վڿп汻廢ɹһʱд
ޱȼѵ飬ȷô򵥵ˣ֪ԼѾ׵ľԼ۵ħ֮Ѫ
ӲһӰƺģˣ֪ȥǳ׵ˡ
ˮˣҲҪסˣȫİһˣҲҪס
ֳ廢ɹʧˡ̨˵
˵
޴껮һӰſеϼħŵķȥ
ħţ
ħ˾ͽɫ࣬ûüԮ廢ɹѾˣ˵ԷޱȵǿѾо޷赲ԷҲ֪Լǵʱ䲻ˡ
ʵħѾܶ˿ʼˣоħŶĸס
̨һĻ̻̣Ժһ㣬Ϊ̨ҵҲħŵģһͬţ̨ҺħûвµӦòµġ
˻ǰħţħŸǿ
ħŵػҲ֪᲻ṥ̨ҵŮӣħ壬ħŵػ޶Ƕ޲ڡ
ħ˾ͽ׼ܵʱһ
ħħ˾ͽֱħ˾ͽ巢
ħħ˾ͽĸףˣȥû֮Ѿˡ
ħ˾ͽ˳
ħȻܶ࣬˶ʤģοսʵõܵԶԶĶˣȻನ
б£ͬΪħţȴԼ˶֣ôˣծҲóˡ̨վڸ߿˵
̨ʵãȴħұɣһëѾͷ֪ʲôħ˾ͽȻʲôħΪ˱ɣȴܶԼҲɡ
̨ƺ˵ٻǿˣħ֮ҲϣǲԸ
һ仰ħҶԡ
ΪħҺ۸ħ˾ͽŭˣڲѾͷôǿ󣬵ϾǸˣȻ廢ɹˣ֪ǲһ˰쵽ġ
ħ˾ͽҽѪҵļˡ

Ů֮һӣ˲һ硣
ܶ෿ݶˣ磬г˾޴УǸܱ
г˺˳Ƥֱꡣ
Ȼ޷ħ˾ͽʲô˺һΪʽ̵档
ħı
̨һƺܼ򵥵ħ˾ͽնȥһĹ켣ƺ׽ǺܿͲͬˣѩĺ񱩵Ů֮㼯
һԽԽǳһ
ħ˾ͽϵһȻŮ֮Ͷȥ
Ȼħ壬Ȼʹֲֿʽıһ˱ϵС
ѻħȥˣҪסһȻһħҲûˡ
䣡
޴̨յĽסˣǸĶҲˣʱеĳֱٴն
Ǿ磬ôһ·ɽٶһ㣬񱩵ȥ
ԣ
ħ˾ͽǱˣԡ

ѩӺˣѩӿˣƺжǿŭеСۣ·ʱз󺣵Ŀܡ
ۡն
ıл̨ۣյĲٿֱһһħ˾ͽ
ѱıǰĿ죬ĺԽ죬һѾ˴ʱѾһħ˾ͽ
һħûкУʱҲ˵ֵ
ۣ
ֱӲħ˾ͽϣ͸ˡ
ԣ
ˣħ˾ͽҲûˣħҳܵģʣµ˼˱ѩС
һİ
ʱһֻʮ״С޳ˣɫè룬Ұèһޣֻ޴󣬻ɢһɹϢ
Զè
ħŵػޣһֻԶѪףޣſµͨʱ̨գھˣħŰɡ
ǸֲŮеŮˣȴ΢ϣֻԶèѾᣬԻܾá
̨յͷ
èèԤͬԤè˵ڶġ
֪è֮˭ǿèĿֲɱһֲֻĴڣɱֲܿΪٶȣǷľ綾ݺצӡ
̨սħţܶ˵Ǻܿģ˵˭ҪֻҪħŹǿǾͻῪģҲбˡ
ˮϢǺͨһֱڶ֪廢ɹˣоޱȵľȣȻ֪ǱһŮģһϹꡣ
Ȼˮˡ
ˮգˡ˵
ħ˵ħ壬ħѪѾȫѣħұˣħҲϵǿĴڼħţ洫ԣԺǾħŻܺȣ԰Ѿħźϲˡ


2243 ħɱˮˣ׷
Ļˮķһ˿֪εĸо԰廢ɹˣĶħţչֳʲôǱ
ˮһֱΪԼΪ⸴飬ˮȻûѾĽӽˣˣּѾȫĽˡ
֪ø˻ʧ䡣
ڵñʧѾĸϤŮˣڵһħͷħĴˣһεħ
ˮߵս֮·ȴħǶɵ͵·
ħѪˣˮ֪ԼѾ޷ٸıʲôû˿Ըı䣬Լ
ˮôįվûֻǺԼܣûһֱûĵᣬӿ˽ĵ
˺ͱˮ˵ϢҲ֪ѹ֣ҪѹˣЩ鲻ֻ棬һãԽѹԽ͡
û£ȥˮ˵
Ų֪̊ջˣ벻ˮȥǲܵģҲûзԣ˵һȥɡ
Լȥˮ˵ܼᶨ

ˮ˱Ͽգ߹ңԶȺɣߴߴöûʲô͵ĸоһֱħŵķȥ
ħŵˡ
߿տȥһɽ֮ϣħŸɽʱˮվڸ߿ջǺ۵ġ
ôվڸ߿գ棬ԡ
ܶ˶֪ˮľţǿػ٣ǿĻƽҹһҲС
һʱһŮѪɫĳѪɫŮʿӣľĶǣѪɫӲû鷴Խıˡ
ˮоһܣŮװʱŶԷƽˮıûһ㲨翴һİˡ
գˮĽһȻѸٵĳ̨ա
̨յһѽ⽣ˮƵģʱѽȴͻȻˮ
ԣ
һ죬һ֣ˮ嵹ɳȥ㶵嵹ɣ֮ǰһǴ࣬ûκεԥûκεأҲûκεû׵ĻǲѾˡ
ˮɫҰֽ˼ά̨ͣճһ̣һֱؿ
ʱ̨յһλӽʱһϵ𣺡㲻ɱˮ
ߵ̾Ϣ˵Ϲꡣ
̨һеĳֱӴ͸ˮļ
ˮһһֱŮˣ޷ɱԼĻڶǻ
һ᲻ɱң
ᣬҾɱԼҲɱ㡣
ȴưѽ̽Լ壬ǰѽԼΪġ
һ˿Ѫоκʹľķ·һ͵սҲôƣоûһ˿
ˮϴţ̨֮ǰֻǸоսϢħѪѣսѪ˺УˣȻҪ
Ѿһɶˡˮɬ˵ɳƵԼоİ
ǵʲôϵ̨üʵ
仰ˮ·һĺС
ˮ֪ô˵ʱ̨ȴ˵˺ܶ࣬ǵҲˣ߰ɣòҪңֱɱ㡣
̨˵һգ̽ˮĽֱӳ˳Ѫ˺ԶȻǵӰת뿪
ˮ嶼ڲһͷڷ˲һ룬Ϲ꣬ˮҲۣҲûа취
ˮء̾Ϣ˵
ˮ˼ѵ˵лл˵ˡ
˿ˮһֻͦεӰھȻôһ㣬ǸǿˣٴѴû
û߶Զ˳طڲԶˮŮһȥסˮô˭˳
ˮɬһЦȻֱӻˡ
·Ագܵ޴˺ʱ޷ԣʱΪԱһַա
ˮһͷ԰ûһѪɫѪŮһۣжʪˣŮѸٴˮ
ˮʿԿٵ޸ЩҪġ
˵ģûֻܰܿԼ
ˮ͵ʱ˾ˣȻ˵ҷգɼ˵ʲô̶ȣͷڷʱѾȫˡ
Ա֮ûȫ߳ʹԨ
ԣ㡣ƽս̾Ϣ
ŵˮ᲻ͣˮѰһҪǴҵ


2244 ˮˣ嶴
ŵˮ֮Ĺϵеģһֱ׵ܵһˮȻģڿˮܣǶ֪ˮǱ̨˳ģҲֻ̨ܰ˳
ûмˮϢˮʹĻԥĳܡ
ʱȥˣˮûҷ籱˶Ͼˮ̫ɹ֮Ҳ˾޴Ĺϵ
̾ȻΪһŮ˳
ԾҲһΣϾҲԶҽοˮʦ֮Ҳ޲ߡ
ˮԼȫˣʲôûá
񴲣
ˮƵ˺ϣÿ춼˺˵ϣܻ
ڴҶ̨սӹħţ֪᲻֣ѻڣԱĵطȫ
ѻѪˮϹȶЩʱҲȫҩЧþѪﵽ˲Ǯ߳ɣѻʵ˺ôһء
ˮûиߺø˵ģοˮҲй¶ȥࡣ
תܵʱȥˡ
ˮ۾оԼ˯˺þãһµĴȴǺȻͿڴŷûзˮѾ۾
ˮס֣һˮĵ˵ˡ
ţ㵣ˡˮе㲻˼˵
оöˣ˾ʱԽܣʱ֮ͻϰߣˮܣѾˡ
ȥߴңôҲҪˡ˵Ͻȥߴҡ
ˮˣһⲻСķ˺ܶ࣬ԾЩһֱڣҲˣˮҲܸжá
Ҷܿģˮе㲻˼һΪһŮ˳оеӡ
ͷ׷Ǳ֮ǰÿˣҲɰ׵ġ˵
Сӣǲǡ˱һۡ
ùãǰˣǲ˾ͲˣǰǼҺ׵ġ˵
˵еߡ
ٺ٣ùãҶ֪ò˼Ц˵Զһ㣬±
ˮ·󲡳һ㣬ã֮ѸٵĻָڶѾ֣ʱӦþҪͻˡ
ʱħŵҲû⶯ֵĶħŵ˲ǿħ˵ڵħʵѾȫԽΧʵ
廢ɹͻƽҹˣȻħûѣȴǱǰӿ£Ϊ̨գħѪӵߣǿħĴڣǿԺ;ħһ̵ġ
ɽ
ˮмǸɫĶȻΧܸһǸеģ
ҿ
ˮͷѩ׵ķ˿мɫĶ͵ĹڶģĶһȻһ籬ըһըˡ
ˣһɾӿˮС
ͻˣԼһͷ׷оܱŤ֪ʲôʱܳغڷ
ʱѻˣˮкǰ
ϴˮ廢ɹػ޵֪廢ɹ֣û뵽ûоͶãȴˣѻܸоˮĶȴûаﵽˮ
Ժܺã¹̲㻹кܶںˣԺҪˣʲôҪúܶѹġѻ̾Ϣ
֪ллǰ
ѻڰ֣Ȼ˵Ҹղſ㶴пڽɫȥкô
һɫҳˮ
ˮӹȻҪлȴǷѻѾ뿪ˡ

ˮ֣֮һǿķֻǿɫĶһĶûãҲΪʲôѻˮԭ
ˮһ£Ͼǳ˾޴ľϲ⡶Ȼǿ󣬿ýɫĶԭĻһҺܼ򵥣öʱ䣬һԵĶ
ɫĶˮȻ䣬ȻһвϵתΧĽ⣬ĿڶҲˣϵŽɫĶ
һʱ֮󣬽ɫҫ۵Ľ⣬Сûб仯ӵļʵ˿µɫз·Ҫһ
һˮıʵ˺ܶ࣬һڶǽɫĶˡ
ˮʵ2802800ķ
2ɵķˮķﵽ3360
񵲱280ĸˮ൱3640ķ
ˮɽԵʮ˺ʮзˮķﵽ3670
ɽĹҲﵽ1400ĹˮڹҲѹĹˣ˶ʱ򣬾ɽһЩʵֱѹһƬˣϾɽŶܻԼʾԶܻ


2245 սԼս
ˮҲû뵽ػ޾ȻġǸĺö
ǰнɫ
ˮҲ֪һɫ𶴸ȻɲߵǸ𾳽ĳƺ
𶴸һĶǿ̫ˣһʼľͿԶһģڻǿˮ豻֮͸ӿֲˣʱһɫĶԵֵϰ˸һĶ
ֻܽɫĶˮֻһɫҪȫǽɫǾͺˣ֪ôǿ
ˮ뷨оԼеĲ㣬սɾ
뿪ɽصǰԺ֪ܶˮԺڶ뿪ˡ
Ҳڡ
ҲȻķ֯ģǸϲκ飬Ҹְƽս֪˵ʲô˸ǱҲ˸
ˮ֪ܿԭˣΪƽսҪλȻһβ̵ܶԪе˽ҪҲ޷ڴˡ
ҪλӴˮ
ˮܾȴ˶Ҫ棬Ҳ֪ûа취ڲӶУӹĵ
ˮԾħţҶ룬ҡҡͷˮǿԼԼԼһˣﲻûҲûҲܰװ׵Ķ
ˮʻƽսʲô飬ܲܰæƽս˵ˣǵ˽£ûΣգֻе㸴ӣҪȥ¡
ʱƽսŮ˵ľˮҪŵ֮λˮһ£Ȼƴǡ
һˮУ淢ԼһЩĳֶ
ŵ鱨ǺͨģռĶϵĻرˮ̶̵һʱ䣬ˮ˺ܶ࣬˺ܶ࣬һͷѩ׵ͷйϵ
Ҳˮ֪ƿһҲǺܲ͵ģرΧǿĶֵʱ
ǰһǿĴڣͻɺܶ࣬±ǰɱͲôѹ

ˮҪﲼһһҪǿĲϣϴϾ¶ּȿֲ
޹Ǵɵˣ쵽ƤƳɵ档
۱Ͱٱ佫ЩƷ˺ôһأȻûղųɣŪ˲С죬ϾޣȻƸ࣬ЩˮǺõġ
ʮħ
֮󷽳ɣˮûķˮеһ죬Ҳɱ󣬲󲻵ʹ˻ΣĺôˮѾʼʹˡ
ʮħǺܳɹģʯ£ڵĴǺֲܿģŪѾʵˡ
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ˮûҪǶΪ󷨸֣Ϥ£һЩȷλˮѧϰһ󷨣ԼɱС
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ҲˣʵһѸЧķӡ
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Ҫѧϰ㲽
󷨿˲ҲԺܶ࣬ʵԺǿġ
Ƕ֮ˮòǣＸŮ󷨣һֱѧˮ뿪ʱٴβ˴󣬺Ĵ࣬Ѫػ١
ˮ֪ѪٵʲôʵȴǿԸܵǿĿֲƽҹһػޱɱֻƾͿԿ϶ѪٵĿֲ
οǱˮġ
֪¹ȥˡ
µʱ䲻㳤ҲẠ̊́ܶƽսҲ뿪һˣˮ쵼£Ҳʵ˲٣ˮЩɳʲôĶַȥ
СЩˮĵҩܶ˶ͻˣʵ˺ܶ࣬ʱҲƴΪѻ˵ˣһҪˣҪŬʵ㡣
ʱŵҵˮս񴫳ߣ˵Ұ·ӣҪս˾Ҫǵ˾ͻڵ
ߣȥҲעһЩǿѪҺˣǴùûʲô˼ˡˮ߱˵
Ѿ뵽ǰɽû뵽ɽۡ
ǰɽֻ˵Ƕɽһ޴Ŀسһ㶼ĵط
ˮʱ˺ܶˣˮҲս񣬶ģһǸͷһǴŸͼӵˡ
ֻһˮϳʲôС
ͷǷսսɱһ֧ɱ¾սһ֧Ǵ֡
һŸͼ׵ս
սбȽǿĴڣˮﻹǺܿĵģҪעʵѪҺ֪Էжˣˮ֪һܴ󣬲ͬΪս˭˭𲻴󣬲ԭ߼ǿһ


2246 ܷս
˵ǸҲұȱȣսѪءͷ˵
ʱҲвս񣬲ûӭսϾغսʵӦòȻҲôš
ֻĻҲᶯ֣ɽսȼǿսûڣŵǱ֣ȥߵ
ˮʱͷ󺺵Ļ
Ц˵ǵֻɣ
ôܻءͷ˵
һ㶣ȻܶЦˣ󺺻˼
ɣһϣҺǴʮ֮ûаܵĻҰˡˮ˵
ˣôСң˵Ҫԡͷ󺺺˵
ģ˵ġˮҲ
ƾʲô㣬㣬Ⱥ֮ʱô˵󺺾˵
ﻹ˵ĵ˰ɣˮͷ󺺺ܺ񣬺е֣˵е㵥
Ǹսһֱû˵ǺĿˮ뿴ʲôڲͬϧ˺һҲûпʲô
ˣԼܴ㣬У
˵ãϾȻ˵ķӰһ˫첲ƽʱһ࣬Ҳһһ˫һرĽ⣬Ӳӵеۡ
֣
Ƿսһ˫־ϬƺŵĽշӰȻˮȥ

һһȻԤԵĸо˫ֱʥתĽ·һѽɫķ𵶣ʱѾˮϷֱ˳¡
ӽӡ
һ𣬱սķ˺ܶ౶ˮΧһ޴ķӰ
߾
һԼĺֱӺǽɫķվˮϣնˮΧķӰϣһƵˮȴ˿Ȼֱһзӹӡ
ˮԸսоܼ򵥣Ҳ֪ΪӾԭ򣬷·оѹƵģžˮķɽֱӻ˷սĲӡ
ˮڵľɽȻǿޱȣɽŷսĲӻһѪ
ֻǻָǵĺȣͷ󺺵ĲӺܴ֣ˮҲûдҪ
ͷ󺺻亹ʪʱоԼûڵĴôӾѧ
ͷ󺺺ܾȣ֮ǰˮʩչľѧǷӾѧϧֻ֪ǷӾѧϾô˵Ҳ˶ķѧڷӵľҲеʶġ
ѧģ׷ۣлԽ㣬ӦвСİˮЦ
úã̫ˡ˵ͷεЦЦǸһֱûжս
Ҫս㡣ǸŸͼ׵˿ˮ
ԣˮͷ
գּΧѾ˽ʮֻޣпƵģģϮɱģЩ޵Ѫͳһֻͷʨһֻ
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սʵѱʦˮŶЩޣʵǺֲܿʵرֻͷʨϢֲܿӦǾͷʨѪ֣ϧѪͳˣѴﵽϾͷʨ
ͷʨʵֲܿģеĴˣȻĴҲкֵܶġ
ֻǿϵģΧ½ػˮлǿгһЩճԵĶĴٶȷӦ½ȴǿˮʵ
һھ޴ͣһݣԶǿһɽҲܳԵ˵;һоͻᱻҧ
ͻ޴׳ȣرǰǲŵصģޱȣҪ紥һޱȣԲסǴ¡
ˮսֱг˽հ׻ޡڤﻹнʲôģʱûг
ˮľٶöսһ鴤ȻԳˮѱʦоԼޱˮĴ󲿷޵ʵҪǿ
ˮȷʵԷޡ
ˮս⻷֮ʵһأҲͽհ׻ʵ
𡭡
е޵ͺ໥֮Ѿ׼ˡ
ѹѪк֮Ѫ
ҲǿֻѪͳҲȻǺֲܿڣ˵еľͷǿԳΪǿ֮һġ
ˣȶֻеһֻ
һ罣һĶŽհ׻ȥٶȿĲ˼顣
ˮ֪սһŶŸĺöһѱʦٶеģһޱǿĸĻЩ޵ʵͿԺֲܿѱʦʵõ޴Ͼѱʦľޡ
ս´ʱһֻޡ
ߣ
ǷԵޣг˷ܣٶޱȣҿԶжһɳȥһ˺ߵĹС


2247 ߣʤս
ߣ
ߵĹУǿǿԸܵеķıǿԲݷ磬ڷод󺣣ɽ֡
ˮֲսôţȴŵıǮ

հ׻ҲƾǷ罣ڽհ׻ķֲܿ㹥˺

հ׻޴ֱ˹ȥ޴צֱԴץȥа׻צµӰХеƶ䶼ˡ
ҪڿйƲ֪˻ꡣ
ǷԵޣѪͳҲǰѪģ֮ӴԴʵհ׻ǲһ㣬һֻУֻӲɱհ׻
أ
ѩ׵ĹһĶֻĿ³Źɢ貵ĹΣС̫һٶҲǸ¡
ڵ
հ׻ϰ׹ʢƺҲҴ⣬ʱȴֱһŹȥ
ԣ
޻ɣȴǽײƫˣʣµһ򱻽հ׻ײ˳ȥ

ʱͷʨҲսǸгճԵĸоѪڤҧȥ
ս⣡
ڤ߿ΧͻٴʱҲȻ˿ֱֱײϵĲƣ赲ͷʨӻ޽ڤ
̤
Ȼ̤£з·֩һܼơ
ʱսóһӣȻһֵĵԶ೤·Խ˵Ļߣѱ֮ʵƺڻˮ֮·ܵ˸š
ˮһⲻǱԼ𡭡
ֱóβ٣սرɫϷ·˿ֲ޳ÿһε·Ŀڣüܵ裬ѪҺ٣еƺԽԽǿ
սһڵ˵Ŀڣ·ڴԷĿڣ뱼Ҳһѹܵš
λսţ޺
ǿһֳѾֻ޺һֻӣһܶ
հ׻һ˰ͷʨĽսÿιǻ˶ԷĹΪԷִ⹥Ҳܣ类޹³ġ
ɽ
֮׷
ˮʱмȻɽֱӺȻ£ŶܻһǧİĹǺֲܿģѱֱֻӱҷˡ
ˮûʹöתƣɱ޵ģˮûɱԺǿ
ҪܴңӮʱսˮ˵
ˮЦˣзߣԳ˷ƣҪǰˮûа취ˮа취ġ

һǿȫˮӰһ͹ڷ߸̧־׷
˲䣬߾͸ܵ˿зɶжˮλá
׷Ǹߵٶ˲٣ϰ׹һٶһЩ
ˮٴγ˹ȥ

ԷԳ˷磬Ҳ׷磬һǺ;Źںϣϵһ
֮
еȻɵٶȡ
һ
ò˵˹ķ治Ǹǵģٶޱǿ󣬽뱣һ̶ȣˮˮûá
֣
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ˮˣȻˣԷٶȾȻֵܳĹΧ
ǵһΡ
Է֮ǰôţԼˮһ߱룬һ˼
Ź
ˮΧŹ֣ǿҲˣߣǲӰģһ÷ߵٶһЩʱˮһٴγڷ߲Զ̧һ֡
ž
ˣˮһɣˮȵٴγִ֣еķѣˣ˳ſеķѸٵ˳¡
ˮˣҲԡ
ˮаٴ׷ϣһ֮ս̾ˡ
ˮҲ֪ˣÿʹõĴҲƵģȻ̫ˣҲˣҲֻˮŸ˶ԷĲ
ˮȻͣս
ϴǼǺòãͷ˵
Ըķ䣬Ҳ˼ͬ⡣ս˵
ˮսǸˣԵʲôģϲܣԼ˫۾Ǻŵġ
ȻӭҪսսе٣սֻҪԺչˣһԵֵϺܶࡣ
ϴȥ֪ͨġͷ󺺷ս˵
սͷԼҲһֳ⡣
ӦıɣŵĹңҸСŲأҲҪԺϤˣлġˮЦ˵



2248 £ģν
˲٣ˣοͬΪսսƷĵģԼҲս˵ԷԼǿ󣬻ͼıе㶫
ûʲôͨޡսݸˮһСԴôޣɢűӨӨĹΡ
С޵еʨӣ˵е룬ͷǣȻСȴµơ
ͨ˹ȥȻ󿴵һȫͨޣǲôģĶܵ˵ǲĶѾֲܿˣȫ
Ҫ죬ҿһˮ˵֪۱ܴܲﵽǸЧڰٱ䣬ˮе㲻ҳԣϾԼСҲȷǲǵһģһû취
սȻʾ⣬Ҳ𾪣ȻرţҲеڴҪǿһôͿԼе̫ˡ
ƻʱͷ󺺻ˣߴսһǰǹսĸе϶ͷˮǸνĵӺһ㶡
Ǹˣ˵һ꣬Сһ˫鶯Ĵ۾Ƥܰ𪣬˸оеӪȴǾս
ˮʱţǿȻǾս񣬲˵ֻ˲һɣȴѾֲܿˣȻڵİɽսǲ˲١
ˮʣȻʷĺᣬˮᣬҲꡣ
֪ǾսֻܸоԼȻڵҲҲ֪ľս˺ܶܶࡣ
ĵᰡѴˡһ˺ʵ
Ҳᣬľս޷ķӡˮֱ˵
ܿǰ˸ְ취Уװ׵˷˾սĴСϧ˵
ҲδأҶҽ԰㡣ˮ˵
Ҳû̫ľϲҲ֪˶ˣ˵лл
Ϊ˾˼ʽ˾ʽһԱˡ
ˮͨ޻ս񣬵õսţ̫˼ˣͨ޵ļֱֵӷһɲǴֵһ
սþöֲʵĸоþòƺϲ˵лл
ԺһˣôˮóһЩҩս񣬷ˮɾв٣£ĻǿԵġ
ʱһҪָһ¡ͷϣ˵
Ҳͷ۶ãѧҲԣܲѧͿԵˡˮ˵ѷ۵ҳ˹ͷ󺺡
ͷ󺺿ҳĵлҾѧ꣬ȻԿǲǺöսҲˮżûκԥ͸ôõĶ
ӦÿѧᣬﲻҡˮĴرкøУܸоеС֡
磬ȴɷǣʱΪ㿪ǱܣҪ׼Ҫʮʱ䣬رǺǱܡˮ˵ֽ磬ˮ಻ͬ
Ѿϰˣû뵽ܸľϲһŬġ翪ĵ˵
ʣµǸǹսˮе϶ȴر޵ģطҲҲȱ㣬ǸرȵˣˮĻƽսʵǹ࣬һ·ߣˮ˵ǹϵˡ
ˣȻҲһݣɣϣܶáˮһǹǹս
ǹǱȽϰԵһǹˮҪѧģ˹ʽ֮͸ˡ
֪ǰٱԵģǰٱ֮ʵˮԵǹǹɴ̣ҡɨɵ㡢ɶ
ǹսǹҲǰ֮࣬һǹޱȣõս񴫳ǰǹսֻױǹǹǴĥԼǹĸԺ԰ǹõ£ʲôǹȱǿϺܶ࣬ǰǹսĴУҲǸ
ǹսõǹȻһֱ룬һֱѰҺʵǹ½ս˵Ҫһ
ڿǹȴǼˣǹֱΪģǹսٱ֮ǰôܲ
ҺϲǹҲˡ棬֣ء
ˮ֪һָм̬Щ˻˵˱˵˸ӿɿԭ


2249 
ˮĵȻϣģҪǲϲȺۣϲķ
ĲǱģģˮս˶ĳţ˵е磬Ѿʼ룬ҵڸк͹С
ֻҵе˲Ż
ĸ㲻ս񣬶ǸսǱˮڴгһսԿȫʱ򻹲֪ôǿһΪһµĴڡ
ˮþûȥˣʱҲȥԾѾûʲô⣬Ҳʲô£ػػġ
Щˮȥħŵ飬Щ黹ǲϵĴħѾȫչˣҲǿ߼ħţҲһЩǿħħš
ħŵľٶ̫ɹԼЩô˵˻ƽҹһ壬Ҳ֪һħŻ᲻ᶯҪǶ̫ɹǸô죿
ˮ뵽̨վʹԼĶ֣Լа취ɱԼɱ
һ̫ûʹõɱﵣйԽϣӦÿԳ䲻ɱһֲĴڣ޷̨ճ֡
뵽ܣ̨ղʲôԭѾԺԥԼɱˣѾǰǸŮˣٴǾǵˣҪɱ
ԽʾԼԽоԼѾܿˣܹ¶ԼˣԼҪ취
벻ͨͲҪˣΪʲôԼôأ˳ȻһЩͻˮĽߵˮе۵Ŀ
ˮЦסҸоԼãܣĿûа취
Ǵˣģ³һԸʲôʲô㲻оȤľʾеʧ˵
ʧȥʱܺܡˮ뵽ʧȥֵʱ޷ܡ
ҲҪ̫ˣʱƿץĸ࣬뿪ˣͲʧȥ˵
ûзһλΰѧҡˮЦˡ
ҵЦңҴ㡣ˮĿڴ¡
ˮЦˣһŮ˴ʱСŮ˵Ӻܿģ֪ǹģΪԼģһŮ˿Ϊһ˿Ǻܶ࣬رŮˣЩǺģʱҲǿġ
Сˮվǰ΢΢ͷޱŮˡ
𣿡Цſֶֻץš
ɣۼˮ֮䷢Ҳ٣ģˮһɶ꣬ȻûҵȴҵʥҲǽϵĶ
ˣҷһ棬ûȤ˲⡣
ˮ뵽ϴԼҲŮˬû뵽ϢˮǺܺģǸʲôֲܿ
ȥˮ֪˲ƭģֱ˵
ƱɽС
ţĻܳ浹ҲΪҲǺԶȻǶˮ˵ͷȥɣʱ͸ϻˡ
ûѾ˱Ʊɽӿпȥһ޼ʶǱɽң⣬ֳ̫׳ˣгǿҵĺҪ˵ǿֱӾͻᱻΪ
ţˣֻж󣿡ˮʵ
սʱӦǱ壬а׳һ㣬⻬Խ˺緢о綾кǿĶԣпµĸʴ˵סڡ˵
ô󣬻г棿ˮ
Դ˸Ц
ϣСҲĬˡˮЦ
˱տڣĵĺˮһۣˮоǱĵĺһۡ
ôĵطѰҲǲҵģǵ˷ֵĵطﻹ㿿ƱɽΧҲ֪ʲôһǲʲôǲᵽΧġ
뵽ˮѸٵǰΪоʲô
ԶԶˮͿֻ޴ļһŰң֣ûһȣ⻬űһĹΣӾһŴ档
£ռ˰һ˫ڵ۾Сȴ⡣
λúƫƧˮڲŷƫƧƺΧĳֽƣˮڻڽ֮⣬ȻͿʲôˡ
ѣΪ˲ѡ
ΪʲôѲڱƱɽ棬ôΧȻҲƫƧһСɽȣ滷ɽֻһͨΧݺܶ࣬溮µĶҺ


2250 շ棬ջ
ĶȻǲ˵ˣ໹һЩޣǶ޿ҲҪ˱ᣬοҲǾ綾֪Ļǲѵ⡣
ʱڣҪҪ֣ˮЦ˵
ЩǲǾѻСˡʵ
ЩˮٺٵĿˣ⼸ˮܼоرĴ̼һֱظ֡
һ죬ʲôᣬһ֮Լˣݺݵĵһۣܱܲô
ûаҺܴడˮ˵
Ǹå˵
Щ
㻹˵Ŀ
˵ЩԼѻģѣϧˣжȻһˮæ˵
Щѻˣʱ򳤴ػһǲǺܺã˶ܿ˵ˡ
ˮ۾һͷ뷨ЩѳСһ֮󣬲֪Ҫòܳꣿ
ڲһ㶼ǶʮҾͿԳ꣬ĳɻʲߣȻǻ綾ǰٷ־ʮ඼Ҫġ˵
ʲôʮҪŸ룿ˮŵ˵
ǳԶģСʱܳԵĶ࣬жҲжģСɲ棬Գɻһֻܲס˸ˮ͡
ˮпⶫʳҲǺǿˣǱǿҲȥϧǵУˮ뵽ԼҪôѻС棬Լô
ˮ뵽ԼĶҲ뵽ɾһѱȺĶŲĶˮɾžԵĲٿأԻ򣬶Ǹǳġ
ɾҲǺܴҲǿһˣҪһ㣬ôһƬȫˮĵطֲźôһƬҩݣҲһϺ֮ȫоⶾһܴһƬˮһˮӱĵطŪȥģ
뵽ˮо治⣬ɾˣˮöιһЩޣһ棬ǾԿֲԼʳûκ⣬ҿԺܾòóԶǾԶյأɾǿĶԡ
ˮѾ˲˿ŵˣÿһŶС溮ʵĵĴʯͷһڵ϶ܰѵҸӡ
ǿ޵ĵҲǺǿģȻһЩСҰޣ඼ҪǾ͸ûˣֱֵ˵ӲʼҲٻ
ղ˾ŸڵƺĿΧʱˮѾƵΧĽƣֻֽһ۷Ǹ򵥵󷨡
Ƶ֮Ͽ˫ֺС۾г׹⣬ˮһ
ޣԶ֡
Сĵ㣬޺׵ġѵ
ϴǲĶˮʵ
ǣû뵽ܵⱱƱɽˡ˵
һⶫ㵱Ժ˭˳۾һ¡ˮЦ˵
Ķ޽ҩֻԼѰҽȰ취뵽Լˮ
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۾һҽĿԳƵ϶һˡ
ǣ˵ڶû˸˵һˮܳƨ˵
Цˡ
࣬ʱһŮ
ˮŷһֱ棬֮ǰѾˣֻź˵Цˣٿ˵ʱ΢죬֪Ҳˡ
ΣԺҵŮ˺ˡˮЦ˵
һɱġȴ׺ޱȡ
׻˵ǰ˵ЩӸһףǸңұ֤ȫɻˮ׼ջһ¡
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˵޴һһˮ̫ˣһһžӨˮһĶֱӽˮ֡
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ɽһң׻ˮҲۣοϴ˲㱻ֱ˸ˡ
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Ҳûа취ڲԼϾ͵뿴Լĺӡ
ˮһֱǴһӸǣˮѺöˣιѾ˶ˣȻҪ˵ˡ


2251 ħҪ̫ɹ
ò˵ϹǸöʥˣ޵ջޱȿֲġ
ˮƵĶоϹ濴Ϲʱ۾ˡ
ˮĵҩǺǿģֱָˣʵ˺ܶ࣬治ʵǿ󣬸ǿǶˮҲƶģˮ
ˮĶع̱Ԫڶ޵ĺôǲȹ̸öԸ񣬽ԼǱܣöҲǸǿ
ʱʱ䣬ڵǿ˶ǾȣҲֲֻĴڣ߲档
߲е㳤ȻҲսڵʵĻܶࡣ
ڵԿֲհ׻Ƕ֣Ȼհ׻ʥϵģ̸Ͽƶʵƻᱻѹơ
ˮſѣǺöˮȷ۱С
ﲻԣڵӦÿԣʱһƷʣƽȻԳǸĸܶࡣ
οСˮĺö٣ʱһ飬Ժ⼸ֻҲһֲĴڡ
ĻͱһҲʵǿޡ
صʱûе
֪ˮȥʲôˮ˵ԺҪֻ
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ŮǿˮҲ˳ʼ·û˻һŲ֪̊վλúأЩֻܿԼ߳
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ˮȻȻ˵ʲô飿
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ˮͷϴɱԼһֻҪսҪվףˮҲ֣㱻ɱҲǰɱڵѾǰԼǰ
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󷨲úãֻûпһʮˣһ˾ûˣҲûʲô塣
ʱܿ͹ˣһ죬̫Ҳ͵ôƺ嵭̫ɹϵһЩҷ֪ħŵȻھӣѹ޴󣬺̫ɹԼһûˣԼʹ˶պͼгû̫ɹĳ
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˶࣬ǸԺͱʴСյŮһǾ͵ס˶һǰŮҪȻ̫ɹɲǡ
ͱʴСܱյĿɲֹħŵǸŮˣ㿴ߵλ𱱻ʴСħŵǸŮ˿ѷɫġ
ǰôоòŮ˶йϵ
԰ħŵǸŮ˿ʼҲһ𣬺ڸѹֿˣŮΪ˱
ԭŮģŮ£ƯŮ̫ΣˣǲҪŮˡ
ˮȻһЩʾԾˣԱ仯˵Ȼ΢ӵԼ˼ٰʮ˾ͳʵˡ
ʱˮǶԶĿУΪ׾һ췢װŮˣִɲڵǱʣʸŲ֪ʹˡ
ԷҲͶʮˣԶǳԼޣƺ󣬿ϳӰӡ

ˮֱӰ󷨿ˣбҷվ⣬Ѿվ˿Уħŵңңԡ
ּˡˮվ˳̨ա
ǣˮͷôˡ̨Ȼ䣬ϴμƺȻ˺ܶ࣬ȻȵĻȴǺƽ
ˮĻһѾסԼʲôƺصԭ㣬ԭ㣬Լˮףǰ£ܲɱԼϴȴԥĳˡ


2252 Բһ
ǣˮͷôˡ
ˮ仰ĸܱ˵жิӣ֪Լ˭װԼˣ֪֮ԼˮҲϴɱԼסģ⻹ϹҪϹһֱ˵ˮƻˮѾɱˡ
ˮȻ˵ΪԼŻӣѾˣˮ֪˭ô죬ǶԴİһ
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£ȻҲԼǺ֮͵˲ݵĵزɱɻԼ˺ۣˮ޷
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˭ΪʲôҪģﲻҵսҪһһߣһйħǵһһһһĽ̨տˮ˵
˭ǰ˭ˮ̨տɬ˵
Ϊʲôôģ·ӡ꣬ǲô𣿡ˮſ
û˺˵Щʹȴûеõ𰸣Ϲ겻̲סɱˮĻ粻˵ڵ̨ո֮ǰ뷨
ǰҺܺ棬֮ǰЩججôҲǲһЩħŵļ䣬Ҫ׳ħţҵʹ̨տˮ˵ŵħѪȷʵʹ
ʮǰһ㣬ݣȻҶʮ׷㣬ϣȷе˵ǷޣǰʧˣȻϴμˣһֱ׼㸴û뵽Լˡˮƽ˵˼仰
Χ˺ܰǸӵĿˮ̨ա
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գѾʶңˮϴλͳˣһǺأʹʹֻԱգΪʱҪ֮ǰôΪʲôȴܺĵҪɱ̨յ˵
ڱ̨ȻûκκøУ˵ˮ㶪Ҫļңô۸ġ
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֮ǰҰħ֮ѪħԣΪκˣû뵽ħѪˮΣһôϣ̨վһħ֮Ѫá
ںܲб𣿡̨տˮ
úİҵղģҺѹûչ˺㣬ҶϣһһЩļ䡣ˮʧڴ˵
ҼǲˣҲãҲãû˵ҲûɴҲǣҲϣǲҪħŵ⡣̨տˮ˵
֮֮飬ʹʹͻԺħ֮ȻгͻֻҪͲԹۣҲ飬㶯ҲûйϵЩҪԡˮҡҡͷ
̨ü΢壺ļǲԶǲĻɱ㡣
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áˮܾ
Լ㻹⽣ҵģ⽣ˡ̨еĽֱӴ̴Լļ˫һֱˮٿ


2253 ʧɽ޶
ˮֹȴˣоԼĿںۣɫ΢ף嶼ڲ
Ǻαأˮѵ˵⼸֡
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ҷ΢Զһĵطûпʱ߹Ҳû˵֮̾ĸ渴ӣһۡ
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ҷĻˮһ԰ԼһֱپʧȥԼǶμ䣬ҲҪһΪʲô¿ʼıء
ԼΪôһϵ֮ʱԼôС֪ԷħħҲûԼҲǿˣǿ˲֪ٱ֪ԷħѪûеǰִš
лǰˡˮ˵
뿪˾ͺãߣȾȥ
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ħţķչһЩǺܴġ
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ˮǿоû£ȴǷֲô£ƺֽƣһΧʵƺ˴롣
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ҧˮĶźʯͷߡ
׼Сɽģڿе߹ԼˣȥѶȣӦÿԳܡ
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ˮˮֻо·һɽײһʵ˵һɽײֱӽײ˰ףײһѪڣҲ̤ʵղǰӦòǿĳˡ


2254 ޴Բ7ǧ
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ȥ֮ѻлһԺÿ춼
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ˮѾԱһ޴ɽɽ
ǽһСӰھ޴оһ޴ɽһһӡǶ͵ɽ壬֪ɽɽߵɽѾġ
һɽֻֽǿҲᱻһĳ̶ȣҲʹԪôǿȥޱȼѣֻһЩѪ޻
ˮž޴ĺĺǴϵľˣգǿĺ£ӰСȴǾһˮ¶ĴɽɽһˮУⶸ͵ɽ϶ǺǰҪ
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վɽˮƽеġСɽȥտʼˮǿһһߣһҲ߲ɽϾ̫ˣ߿죬Ӹ
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ˮʵӵˮпҲֻ־֮Դﵽ
˲СʵǼ޶ʵ
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ˮڸоֲţԼڣһľǺѹԼѹԼڵʵǿתƿԴôǿĹɱ
ǾɽֻǼ򵥵Ĺ2700ĹЯһܻĹһʳ־Զܻ
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Ȼ㲻ޣĿЩĴѪͬĻƲҪ֪ˮǿɽĹ̫ˣٱǿĻ֮кһ£˺ֱӵһ룬ûô⻹ˮǿս⻷
ˮо̨նԼҲһսʤԼϾԼѾԲѹƣֻҪѹƾͺ˵
һصֱӵ˺ɽóƮ鿺ѻȡ
ѻϲȵľˮƵƮ鿣Ʈ鿾ǸѸ壬[ϴһѾһˣľƷѾƳˣȴǲݲãѾǧˣɾʱƷʵȣǧ˵ǧƷʣǧꡣ
ԲˣȥɱһˡѻЦ
ˮܸмǰİȴǾ޴ޱȣ˵һһ⻰ǣһǰһ仰ʮʮ·Ըıһ
ǰָ㡣ˮ˵
ܳһｫҲҫ㻹ҪѾͷѻЦ
Ҳ׼ˣҪٴΰ׷ˮŵ˵һʮ㡣


2255 ȥħɽ
ѻĻˮ·һ˲ʲô뿪ˣԣΪʲôڲԣˮֿ˹һ죬Ȼ̨ն֣ԥɱϾǲǰпԭ
׷ǾȥһħɽɣȴˣԿø͸ѻеľƱ
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Ĵڣʲôǿ𣿡ˮԼ׻кܶණ֪
Ժ֪ģȻ֪ҲԸ㣬Ҳ֪ˣ˺֮⻹кʲôģʵһЩ࣬壬ЩĺᣬǺ˺񣬱Ҳ˵ӣֻʱǿܶ࣬ûĻ󣬵ÿһ֮һǿ壬ǿ㣬Ǿͳ塣ѻЦ
ԭ˵ҲˣҲûʲô𡣡ˮۣνʵǿ˶ѡ
ҪСǣһԿֲ塣ѻٴѵ
֪ллǰҪѵġ
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ˮҲоѻǿ󣬺ƺһЩͷ뿪˺ɽ
ˮȻһֱʧɽÿҲһҪ뿪ǧﲻˣǧԶǰĵܳҲżѣаȥǰһȦľ롣
ˮ˵ǺԶҾ̫ɹҲǺԶԶԶûʲôϵһҲΪȥ
һֱˮסһ𣬲䣬һ£һ
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һ΢΢ͷ
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Ůû˵ΪԼˮһ𣬷˼˵ˡ
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ڶˮֱǰħɽʹþУʱ͵ħɽȻҲƫġ
̫ɹڵ̫ɽʵħɽԶħɽһΣյð֮ء
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ˮһпԻᴩ̫ĳǳأҲֻ䵽һǳء
޴ĳǳأϵĽһַ¥СҩСһЩ޵ģлģҲģޱȡ
ˮҲҸطţ¶ǻҸ̳ɵģޱȵļӲܶ¥ϸ⽨һЩ޵Ĺ֧ţͷ·ǰĸֽһĽ޹൱ڸֽֽȻ˲֪ٱһЩǿҲ޷ٻ
Ǻܶཨ溬зģַҲȻͻ᷿ݵ
ԶһӰһѪ·ѪͷӰ̫ˮϤˣˮһ
ô
ˮû뵽￴̨գһˣˮĸţ׸ʲôô
ˮûиоʲôԵ֣ǸоȣⶼҪôɺϣ
̨ƺûʲôҪй䣬⿴ߵúʱĻᵽ
ƯС椣û뵽ﻹôһͻأˮС
٣㿴ˣŮܰ˶ôܳƵءһ
ͲˣŮתл㲻огɾ͸𣿡Ϊٵ۾Ź˵
Ҫ£Ҫһֱû˵ʱ˵
٣ʲôôʲô飬Ǿʳ¹˭ں˵
ȰѾƷץ˵ԾʳҪԺ˵˵


2256 ƷʳģƷ
ˮһЩǾʳģȵĲǶԷǾʳˣǸᵽľƷ񼦣Ǻö˵ԶŵʱƷġ
ƷҪµȻҲ̺ǿЧҩֱӳԣֱӳ̫ݳˣ񶼲ݳޣһ㶼ǳԵġ
ƷµĵǿɲһĵԸСʣΪ̱Ԫˣ壬ܲ¾֣ԲŽоƷ񼦡
ҾƷµĵζҲһϾǴ˵ʹãƷ񼦿ҩˣµĵҲǿúܶ˻ѺܴĴ۽ھƷ㹻ǿͷѪˡ
ˮҲܼȻˣһҪõƷ񼦣пڸˣҾƷ񼦵ļǿԵκγҩ֮ҩ֣ա
٣Ʒ񼦵ϢҲһ׼ȷ㿴ǸŮˣʵеƲסˣ첻ԺûлᰡٳȵĶԶǵӰ
ʲôʱܸĸëŮ˾߲ʲôŮҲǣϴεĽѵ𣿡Ҳ֪ٺɫ۵ľͻһа취㵽֣ЩŮĿԴﵽǧϣʵǧն
ʱ˹˵˼䣬Ȼ˵߰ɣϲá
ǸĿһۣҲθټѸ뿪
ˮϹһ˿΢ЦȻҲ뿪ˣβż뿪̨գˮʱֻȷ£ڵʵûм˺
Ũ
һɽȣܴɽȣʯֲܷܶ࣬ḻïʢޱȣдУ֦ҶïʢһƬ̬
ɽ
ˮԶֻһߴСӺҰϴƣȻӺСϵļޱȵķЩֻһߴ󣬵ȴѾꡣ
ɽٶȿ죬ݷֻҰޣΨһһƷʳģȻܺ;Ʒȣڴ½ϵȵʳ֮һ
ﻹǶ츣أˮֿˣҰＦҲϵȵʳģ˵ôһķѪ
ˮһξͨˮԺ׵Χ
ôóԵģطҲƫƧ˵ԵƫƧɽҪǸǼˮоԼҲҲ
ʱԷҲСǰΧһЩҩۣˮһž֪ǿЧҩ

һȻǼУ·𻢺һˡ
ˮûʲôƷ񼦣ûоƷ񼦵ĸܿˮˣҲһ£ҲǼ
Ʒ񼦴г˸ߣҳһʰ쵵ëΪޱȣʱĿΧ˫նʮ״С
ˮ˿ɶԷɡ
Ʒ񼦲һ֣ܾķ⣬ȻŤͷܣ˫չ
ҲԷɣͬʵ£ûгķбгķҪϣҲһƽ⡣
ս½Ҳήͺܶࡣ
Ʒ񼦲ޣʵȻУȻմ˸־еǿƷ񼦵ǿܣеٶȺܿ죬˵ܶ޶죬и·Ծγһ˲ǧ֮⡣
ˮľŹˮҲץƷܲ⼸ˣˮԥҪҪն⼸һ
뵽֮ǰʲôľȻ̨յ⣬ˮ뻹Ǿֱˡ
Ź
ˮһ˲ͳ˾ƷߣͬʱƷӰһҪܣʱˮֱһ˾Ʒͷϡ
Ʒֱˣˮֱӽɾ
һз˲䣬ʱ򼸸ѾܳʲôˣѼ¡
ˮ΢Цſ˵ˣǸ٣ЦΪʲôҪ£
Сӱ֪Ȥ֪˭òҪǡǸˮ֪ʲô˿˵
˭ǰ׽İɣ
ٴһֱˮȥ
ֻһѪĴӡֱӽˮ֡
ٵʵǺܲģϧˮѾһǰʵ̫ˣٵ˱һǰˮ磬ûñȡ
֣

ˮֱסǸٵĲЦҲ˭˵㣬ǲǰɱ·ѡ
ˮĻñټһӱޱȣһѻˣ˭֪Ǳɱģ֪ǲǻš
һ뵽Ｘ˸оٱˮŲӡ
ʱǸͻȻһһˮȥٶȺܿ죬ͷС
ˮһҲһ㶣Ȼֶ

ǿ޵ڵԼѪҺȾƳɵģѾﵽһֻͣҪܵŻֱӴȥһڽ϶̵ʱ䱬ѣֱźܴĳƻ
еĲ϶ǴȡģԽǿޣֱԽֲ


2257 ĹѨԹ
ֱʹõĲйϵǰˮܵǧҵ˺Ѿֲܿˣ֮ǰˮƶȥӲ¿ԿסҲȥðյġ
ûκ⣬ˮҲɴ಻Ҳû١
ڿٴĶʱң˼Ŀ٣ȻʲôҲףȴʲôҲˣһ˿Ҳô˲䡣
䣡
޴ĺǷЦҶҿôҶ
˵֮Ͳ˼Ŀǰվŵˣƺһ㳾ûմȴʧˣ׵ıˡ
Ȼֹ·ס˲һϡ涼ܣһе㾲ֹǿıˣģǰӦó׵ʧ
һڿǵɱɱǣڿֻ·ˡˮ̧־һתƣȻһ⣬Ƭ̾ͳ׵ʧˡ
ˮץ˲ٵɽҰＦȣƷʳĻ֣ܵ˵⼸ʶ˲࣬Ȼﲻô徻
ˮоɾŪһׯĵطЩƷʳġ
ˮɾʵƷʳĻ治࣬Ҳ֣ʲôģڹʲôģȻʵֻǲʳģƷʳġ
Ū˲ٵʳģҲջķˣϧûҵƷ񼦵ĳѨ뿴ѨǲǻоƷ񼦵
ˮص֮ǰڵĳǳصʱûжãӦǲ̫ãȴûҵ̨յӰҲ֪ǲ뿪ˣǽ
ڶˮ˴ûҵʩչ뿪ˡ
죡
ˮѾվħɽˣɽֲֹˣ˻ǺܶģҶŵ㲻ͬˮе㲻ףôô֡
λ֣ôôˣɽˮһĴǰʵ
İɣôҲ֪󺺹ŹֵĿˮ˼㶼֪ʲôϹʲô֡
ǰģû뵽ôˣͺ棬׳Ӧÿ֪Ծʡˮͷ˵
ˮ˵׳ҲܿģҪˮ˵˧ƻǴ󺺵òһ㣬һ㣬е󣬵Ŀ࣬ߴͣϲ˵ߴͣʲôġ
ϵʶˣ˵ܶʵҲǺ
ˮ󺺆˰˵ʲô飬ԭ˱ȷе˵һޱǿ޵ĹѨԶұġ
һֻԶŻܵĹѨ˵Ѫﵽ߳ɵĻѪ
ˮҲܾȣǸٷֶʮĻѪޣôǿ󣬺õһֻǰѪˮ͸ֻһڴ½
ȻһͷȥĻܣѪﵽ߳ɣԶѪѾޱȵĿֲˡ
֣ƺǶôǿ󰡣Ҳ𣿡ˮʵ
Ͳ˰ɣħɽĿֲ֮һ룬ʵᱻѹƵ𾳽磬ͣ۷壬Ȼûдﵽ𾳽ʵᱻѹƣҲ󺺺ǺЦ
ˮôģ󺺵ʵ۷壬Խȥ֮󲻻ᱻѹƣұ˱ǿҲᱻѹƵ硣
ˮ뵽ѻĻԼҲΪѹƵԭ򣬹ֲħɽʵѹƣӦҲᱻѹƣһЩѪ޵ѰڿǱͬҪֲĶࡣ
ˮںʹϤˣʵϸ磬һܵĹѨʲôö
öˣǿǳʮǿ֮ǿһˣǻѪ˵ǿ޾ǻ磬£Ѿ߳ɵĻѪ˵ǿǿôǿĴڣ˵ľһƤͷڵѪⶼĹѨͲ֪ûѪⲻ˵ƤڵʲôӦöУӦлܵս
ܵսˮһ㶡
ǿһ̶ȣԼе޲ŻУǵĴеһԹǣĻʱͻỵûлٻĻõԹǵ˾Ϳ԰Ѿ̽ȥѧܵĴУԭܲѧᣬͿ˵ˡ󺺺ˮڷ·һֻΪˮһЩ
ڶɽڵ˶ѾħɽרŵͨҪȥһѹƣֻҪƲѹƣͻᱻѹ𾳽硣
һͨ治ܿƵǰ弸ܿơ
һҵʱ䣬˻ָ֪һѩ磬֮ǿѩЩѩƺܺ񣬺Ӳˮ£Ȼа׺񡭡
ûѩϼ⣬ɫҲǿ̫
ܶˣˮܻӣûƣϾʲôʵһʱѾʮˣƺӡ
ˮܵʵʧһֱ۷ʱͣ


2258 սƽս
Ȼʵʧ۷壬ˮǿ󣬺οɽתƶǲʹã֮ͬˮ˵û֣ǴѪҲẦ£ҲĴ򵹡
ˮܿģԵõܵԹҲ˵׼ˮģﲻźܶˣһкܶޣ޶ڻܵԹҲǿƴᣬֻҪõ˻ܵԹǣǾջܵǿ󴫳սʵõ޴
ϵܣЩ˶һһģһ壬㿴Ǳڤңңƺɹժɹ
ˮŴ󺺵ĽܣȻ󿴹ȥ˶۷壬ʵ˵˶۷壬ҪϾʵѹͬһ硣
ͬУʵȻҲͬһǲܴ󣬶ֲģһβʲôʵ˶Ǻܶ࣬Լ۷ʵ߼Ĵڶˡ
˶ˮ˵İһҲʶֵƵĴҲֻһĽ飬˵һ죬ԹϵǸо治
󺺽ƽͨһ֣ҵˣﲻԶĿɽеһ˼ңҲֻǿǴ˼ң˿ڲ٣ٿڣڼеʵǲģġ
أΪʲôһˣˮ˵
ǣȻ˵£ǺȣҾһˡ
ˮһ㶣ôĵ̣Ȼ۷߶ҪˣʲôˮĿ󺺣һˡ
۷壬Ҳ۷ʵΪģΪ˳ɵľģˮҲһ㶣һ츳ĺܲˮʱǷһ⣬󺺾ȻǸս񴫳ߡ
ս
ˮǾȣȻս񣬶ҲսĴڣºֽİ˳ҵľˣҲϵõս
ҲӦøɣΪԭԵɺϵõսĴС
ս񲢲˵ͲǿսһǿǿԴĹʵɱҪǿ󣬶ҿԼܵ˺٣һƽ⡣
սʵͻƣϾͬĻĴںѴӦսģȻսһ㶼һĲȱ
Ǵеص㣬ֻ岻ģлõսĴУսս
󺺵ееأԾǵõսĴУͬʵҲǱȽģ͵е뿪͸һˡ
Ȼʲô˵ģͨ˵ĻսһĴڣ۷Լϵ˵ģϲܴͬڿɽиţ
ҺܶˣҵǸȦƽһЦܶ˶˵˵ģҲ۷壬Ϲèˡ
֣ս񡣡ˮЦˡ
ƽһ㶣ȻˮЦˣϵҲˣϧһˡ
ˮƽ˵ʧ䣬ЦиǴȥȥĪİ
ƽ۾һ֪Ĵڣʵֻ۷壬˼ȥʵǶˣԾû㣬Ҫˮ˵Īĺô
ߵĺôȻʵ
ˮΧѾˣ˵ߣȥƧĵطȰһ㡣
󺺶ˮһĪţͷ
һСɽֲïܣһ۵ף̫ˣ⽫յĽã֣濴ǿ˵ġ
ˮýֻӶʱʹͨƽԳɶһǱ˺ܶʵСһɣһɾɲǶһɵʵô򵥡
ƽܵԼʵ˺ܶ࣬Ҫоһˣ˵ҰһˣǾ磬ħɽƽɸоԼʵɶࡣ
ҪоͻˣϧѹƣһȥϾͻ֮
۰ңۿ˵ǺǿĴڣر۷壬Ҵﵽ۷ҲֻʮңһڳԽ۷徭òֻһˣڲȷ
ƽҲۼˣȻҪľһɣҪġ
ϵܣҽسƵϾ˫ˣû뵽˹ˡ
ƽܿģҲûбֵֹģǺѡ


2259 ǲݣң
ˮЦˣսʲãľʱٿԻָ˳ɣʱսʵֳˣͬʵһ
ⲢǿЦսĴעʹ֮ҾˮҽǿҲûãսı׼Ĳм̶ȲܵҲǰٷֶʮ
ٷֶʮ˺ж٣žǵһ첲߰ȣơ
ĶҲܵڰٷֶʮ˵βãҽκսôսսͻʧȥսĹ˺ǿǿٶȼǿǿһĸӰȵȡ
һƽ⣬һԼս԰ѶԷϵĸϧƽ̶̫ˣƴﵽ˰˳ɣѾǸˡ
һ㣬Խõս񴫳еͻԽǿҲΪʲôˮƽʱľȣƽʵˮڣʱ䣬ԺܿƽԺܿ׷ͨˣԽ
Ժսڸս֮һˮƽ˻Ҫһա
ˣ߰ɣҲսʹǻҪսס֮ǰ˵ĻˮЦ˵
֪һȥģǰûǸоԼУȥҲﲻʲô⿿ɽΪЦˣս񴫳߶˵ƽε˵˵
սսоԿŵǰĴڣر𵽺棬ʵǿˣͻԳսĿ¡
˵һǰѾˣҲܵĹѨôýģΪǿԭס񣬾˭Ҳᵱɻӣֱӱɱġ
쿴һ޴ĻܵӰ񡣡˾
ˮԶһ޴ɽɽϿգһֱ޴ޱȵĴܣֻܵӰޱȵı棬·һ߶ʮ޴ľԱһСɽǰߵɽŰǧףֻѾǧ׸ߡ
׳ɢ̫һĹâվ֮䣬ȻǺСǺΧȣȻôվȴޱȵĿֲ
˽ɫƤëͨûһ˿ɫǽɫŷС̫һ
ǻܣˮȻֻǿӰ񣬵ȴǿǿֲǿޱȿֲ壬ǴִצһȥܽһɽƽǾ޴ͷ­ݣһȥ֪ԳԵˡ
ܶ˶￴ţеѾŲסݷȥеȴ亹ʪ͸·ֻǲ񣬵ȷʵѾƣһһѾ˿ֲĻܣ
ҽȥǻܵĹѨ
ɽʱѾ任һ޴Ľţ°߲ʮ޴ĹӰһ㣬һ޴ŷ֣ɢǿѹϢ
ˮվͨһʱд֮ܶ࣬ǰˮ˺ܶ࣬˻ܸɽܣԾ纣Ǽ޶壬ˮܼԭѻԼİ취ʵԶŴѪֵĶ֮
˻ִֻ˺ǿͷԳĳ棬һȥһֱͷХ컢򱬡
ǾǱֲܺеƶ䶼ɢˣ񱩵޼᲻ݣǻܲʳĳ档
Ȼûʲô̫ĶҲһ۾濪۽һһθܺܶ࣬һЩҲǶ˸εʶõ󵨷ҡ
ܶ˳ǵǣһȥˣˮûзʲô飬ƽҲһȥˡ
ݣôݡ
һĽʯͨһƬС
ݳޣˮо̫ݳˣͨȻõӲĻƽ̳ɣʯ𣬱ӵļֵߡ
ͨʯңЩʵ治ʱĳһЩҩݡ
ǲݣ
ǲݣѾƬҶˡ
ǲֻ߸ߣС֦ÿֻֽ֦һƬҶӣҶǣѩ׵ɫâɷǺÿ
ǲݺ󣬿ϧֻƬҶӣƬҶӵĻֵȻ׹ǣҲŵסһ
ѾˣԱѵͿ˹ȥ
ǲҵģʶľͿ󣬲ȻҲһԵ
ˮǸŰˣʮ꣬һ˫ۣܸߣһڵĳɷˡ
̣ûбҪһΪһǲݺǸɼܣ¡һü˵
˶˻ҵţڶǽоͨʵһģҲȥ
̿˲ʵȥƺܿģҲûʲôȣòƺҲһˡ
ˮҲûжǲȻҲ̣Ȼ涾ˮԲڸΪ̣춼ҪͶ򽻵


2260 ̣
ˮϴεõѼǰѾɾѻˣںСˮտϾˮÿʱÿ̶ɾɾʱġ
һ죬ɾһһЩ
ɾǿǸʱģԪʲôġ
ˮÿֻɾʱҲ¶һЩ
κ޲ܶǿǵ̶Ǻģرǳһʱ䣬еĴѪڿԺǿ󣬵ǶʱǴޱȣѰҰʲôĻǲҿģûǻ۵ֱӻᱻϢŵվ
һһǻۣͻðգϾǿ޻Ǵ󲹣֮ΪģȻҲܳűԽǿޣǱԲԪ򵥣߱ģеĿӽȡ
ɾ̲ᱻɱճҲȭͷСӨһ˫ںڵС۾ԣǾһϵеǿѻġ
ˮþ֮ģ˵ЩСǿˣ츳ʳԽࡣ
һˮٴһЩҩġĵرϴӽݣСʱȵĸ
ûʱ䣬ȻɾѾˣڵѾгϸֻң׳Уԡ
ˮţʱȥõҩ죬ɾõĴ졣
عˮҲֻѸٳɳʱԼĿֲڡ
ҽǲߣû˵ܶűҩȥϾﲻֹֻǲݣбҩǲҲ˿ѷɫ
ƺɹ˸㵽һϼû˵Ҳûп
ƻһʱǰΧһꡣ
һ·ƶһҩݣ磬ãһ֪ǷƷʱΧм䡣
Ǹʲôͷ
֪ǿɽǵĳɼ˵
ʲô滹࣬иԶݣڿɽҫ˲м˵
Сر˭Ҫ˵ǻ֪ˣһᵹùĺʲôҲóЩ껵˲٣Ҳûô
һǸʲôòܿҲͨһ˫ü΢΢ҲԵе
Լֲǡ֮ǰ˵Ǹ˴ɫһΧꡣ
˺ĬһȥǵٶȺܿ죬۷壬־ԼɱﵣرӰܵеذףɫģһѤĺâ
ըһڶΧĿһӷ·ѹ
˫һӰһһȻ̧ȻȻһ޴Ӱֱɨ˳ȥ
һúܶ˶Ǵһ𣬿з·쫷Ϯ
ȡ
˾
ѵϹֵĴˣ
ˮ֪ʲôȣҲ֪ʲôϹ֣һȵǺ£һ壬ޱȣµ
ԣ
һֱӱˡ
ӰһȻٴγȣǺһһһȻٴһɨУѪֱûȣ˫۴ʱʣµеˣȴûҪŹǵ˼
Ҳһʱ䣬ˣɼûˣǸʲôԶǿҲû˵ˣʱܶ˶ꡣ
Ϲ˭ˮƽʵ
ϹֺǾŵˣǷȺȣ֪ϹΪϹƼҵˣ϶ôƼһֱھšƽᵽţ˫۾һһжȥĵط
ҪĽţԺᷢҲˡˮЦ˵
ƽЦЦǲģϾȥҲ۵ʵ;ŵ˲̫ˣԼﵽʲô̶ȲܸоҲء
ҪСӣǾŵˣһܿű˵
ĿΧһۣת뿪ȥ
ˮоԼʶˣųˣ֪ﻼʲôˣ֮ǰˮһǸŵʵǿˮɴӮɱǼ޶֮ǰɡ
ǸˮֻСܱſȻ츳ܲ
رǾţÿһӿ˵ţھгͷֻеš
һ·ַ˼սһЩˣû˸оӦ̫ˣڴһͨǰҪһսת۾ͿܳΪᱦ
𡭡
һͳĺӲ洫ˮһ㶿ƽͨĪǲһͨ
֪治һͨ˵Щǿ߿￪ʱͨͨͨһЩ˻޴ڣʵľԶɽвٴѪޣǵŮ͵ÿβ֪ᱻЩԶѪͳĺɱ


2261 ţնС
ǻܵĹѨޱȿѾﾡͷǰҰӿʱĺܶ࣬Ѿ˳һǿ̡
ǿ޺̫ǿߴǲģϾﶼᱻ۷ʵһǿĴĿˣʵ̫ίˡ
һ㶼۷۵ľӶ࣬ȻһЩǿĴڻҲðǰ
ö޴޳˳Щξ޴󣬲ҲвεģǿŮģҲͶʮģһɫưߺܶ඼вм
ޣǿޣܵԹֻǿԵõȻǲģԴʱгɱ֮⡣
ܶͣЩҲǰѪĴڣǿĿɽԶɽмֻرǿһֻţֻţ̽ˮûһͷţԳôÿ
ͨ⣬һԳţǣ׳֫һ˫Ӳӵţ۷ļµѹҪˮţ˫м仹һֻŵ۾ֻ۾ҲǺŵģۡ
ţţǶܵԹڱصãΪܵԹǶţ̫Ҫˣκ˶Ҫ
Ա߲Զһֻѩ׵ϻҲʮ׳ţȣ׻ޱȵţ׳䣬ֻ׻ֻƯݣͨɢһĹ

Ľ죬һµֻɫϻߣ˵ĺÿȡ
ֻ֮⻹ֻһģЩڵѪҲǺǿ󣬴ʱǶ۹ⲻơ
׻˾
㿴Ǳߣһ壬塭
ЩԶɽеѪǿޱȣܶ඼ǴѪһ壬ǿ츳ԹŴصսһǿޱȣԽ̫̫ˡ
Ȼ۷ʵͬвҲǺܴģѪ޻϶ܺɨͬ߻һЩѪߵĴڡ
Ǳ߶ǿߣڶ࣬ԷֹҲʾ޺֮һҲ໥սޣҲࡣ
ҲҪ£˶࣬ﶼһʵֻҪŽͲǡʱһӢ˵һսףһѩ׵ķ컭ꪡ
˵Ķԣǲʱ˸͵
ժɹţųͬпԱǼⴿѪ޵Ĵڡ˼˵
ӺãСһʱһ
ǸŮ羫һرĵطһ˫۾ڱʯһԵرĺÿһɢһ֮һѪȹһѳվһȺ֮ǰһ㡣
ǱڤҵС˵ǧ겻ţһΪޱԣһѽնɱޣһ˫ͫƽˮ˵
ˮڷƽڻ治Լʶºܶڣ߲ٵ·ԵõܶϢǺҪġ
ڤȻȥҲˡһһͷͷӴʱ˵
ãȻڤٶӽ̫ˣҽȥһˡǸӿĵЦ
Ǹƺɹģ֮ǰõһݵľƽˮ˵֪ˮ
̲ûʲô̫ΣգһûԸ˴ʲôЭ飬Ϊ̫ʤʱѾԶҩ
ɢĶ࣬ҲǸԺϻγɺܶС壬ҪŴߣҲҪһЩ
ˮƽҲһСȺ壬СȺа˸ˣʮˣʮŮģഺݣϺܲŮˣһֻ
ֻǰԿܶ࣬ˮŮ˶ʸ˦ʮûǵĿĵԡ
ˮںѰԼǷһΣܸоǴ˺ܶ࣬ҲȷǴ˲ʮңڴ½
һ㷢Ůģ磬һ㷢ѩʿŮӽβĿСҲŹ֣Ҳչţй
ʣµ߸ӣΪ׵ǸӣͿմϱߣȴǲѿǰУĲҲãҲʵζܶŮ˾ϲͿ͡
˸գ
˸գ˸еĶӳСӽնСӡ
ˮӽ˸ֻᣬ˸ӹϣֱҲΪʲôԷʱ˽
Ϊʲô˸ǾͲ֪ˣҲûʡ
磬˵ôˣЩѪôǿǼ˵ļһҲǿܵõʲôҾôô˶ҪʵΧգһ˫鶯Ĵ۾ˮ˵
Χգһ˫鶯Ĵ۾ˮ˵


2262 ôӲĻ
磬˵ôˣЩѪôǿǼ˵ļһҲǿܵõʲôҾôô˶Ҫʵ
ĻˮЦˣΪΪʳ쾭飬˶ǶͽƵģ㲻ʣû˸ġ
ЦˡȻ˵Ҳ˵Լģô˲ܶСĵļʻǺܴģҪܵõ㱦͸ֵˣǲҲôģ
˵ұ·ģ𣿡ˮ˵
ŲˣֲɵȻ˵
ˮ֪ţѾߵ˴ȻٴοǸܵӰô𺳣Ϊܶ˶ȥ·Ĥһ
Ǿ޴Ӱ֮һ޴ʯڣģһ쬵ķ粻ϵĴ
ܵӰһӵʱʧˣȻǴڲԶʱ˴˵ǻܵĹѨҽȥ˭ȥܵõǿԹǡ
ְ׳յĻһ˵ȻãʮѸٵŶڳȥ
ۡ
ѪĽŲҽУ뱻ɱֻһ˳˽ȥղųֵһģܶ˴ʱǴޣҲû˸塣
һ˽ȥˣȵõԹǣʲôʲôģʲôˣԴʱû˺ڳ֣ѸٵŶгȥ
ˮȻҲгȥ
һȥޱȣֲָϵĴҽУ޺𣬴ȴѾϰ֮ԿﶫˣղųȥʱһκҹҲûá
Ǹ£ǰ壬뿪˿ܼĵطȻпܱͱڵӡ
ôһξ룬˾ͺöˣˮȻҲˮֶǲ壬ܲζˮʮ˵Сӣڳ˰ˡ
˸պʧ䣬ѹǿǵֵܣûиϿԿ϶Ѿˣ֮ǰǶλҺܶ˵һоѸٽնɱȷԼİȫ
ˮҲζղﶯֵ˲ʮΣҲûпֱӷϵʮˣҲ֪ʮûɱ˵ġ
ʱܶിѪմѪģצ϶УҲһЩεҲմ˲Ѫ
ʧҲһЩûʧ󣬲Ҳ࣬Ҫľ򣬹ֲˣǿ档
ǻܵĶѨ쳣ߴޱȣɲһɽһ޴ĵ¹һ
ǰʼĽ˹
ǻϵĹ⡭˾ȵ˵
ʲôϵĹ⣬ܻ𣿡Ȳʵ
϶ˣܺǿ󣬶ˣϵƤëԷ󡣡
һºܶٴǰȥʱһᱻϷ֣飬ʱֻҪѪһͷõ޴ôҲҪŪ⣬˵ܵҲǿԴ塣
ܶ˶ǰ壬һЩѪ޻ߴʦ˳ĸ죬ŵʱֱսռװܵ϶ŲĺöģܵģֻҪܵõĶǾͿںܶʱ
·ϵʲôı֮ǰ˺֥֥ܶ࣬޹⻨ܶڹ˲ʲôˣȥܵһЩҲһЩƺǣûгô죬ͣʼռݡ
˶ˣ뿪ȻҲ٣ԻҪСһЩǺܶ˴֣һ΢֮ܶǰĽѾʼɶˣٶˣѾ֣ЩǵΪѾһЩΪݱ͵Ϯ˻顣
ȻҪߵˣرʱ˵ģȻһ΢ʵѾ˵սµˡ
쿴ܣôô󡭡
˿˻ܣ̲סС
ˮҲǾȣһֻԵĻܣǳֵӰ࣬ǧҵĸ߶ȣִûݣһɽ
Ķսռװϱˣ˵󲿷˵Ŀռװװ£װµģҲ᲻ǻܣҲ۷徫þᶯġ
ղȥ
˽УиЦˣɵӣǻܣսȥ׳հ
ڴҶܣΧž޴Ļܣʱ˭Ҳȶ֣Լ˻ӣĿⶼǿＸԼ
ˮΧɫķųޣ֮ǰˮѾһ£ܵƤëޱȣҪǷԿƿܱϾ˺ܾãƤëǰļҪۿۡ
ˮ޿ܣҪԼʼˡ


2263 ԻѪƺ
ˮϹŵ΢ЦȻԼֻɸˣԼԳԽѪ壬ĴѪ޵Ͼףµģʮҡ
ˮǾӲӲҲܿɸ㶨Ҫ֪ˮѪ޵ĴҪѶȡ
˭Ҳûע⵽ѾĿ˻ܡ
̫ˣһͷţһСҲûע⣬಻ҲУ½õˣԻûעޡ
˶ŵʱҲе㲻֪룬˭Ҳ붯֣˭뵱ͷ
ʱһѸӰ˻ܵ壬ޣӰرͷļǣֱӶһӣ˺һȥӰҲ˻С
̺ܿ죬λܵҲúܶ˴һ˲Ͳǧ޵Ӱȥ
һʱǿĹһ㣬ĺʱƺĬһŻܳȥ
˻ܵ󣬲ŷܵޱȵļӲ㹻Ҳ۵ޱȣҪǻŵĻܣڵ޸겻塣
޿ɲ뱻˵ɻӣƴ壬ܵ
޴࣬޴ܵⶫ̫ˣֱӿʳֻдô󣬵ȴǳϴôûκһġ
ˮȻ֪ڸʲôֻоݳޣܵܵǺö˵̫õĶˣֻҧܵƺоóԣֱӳ࣬ô౻˴롣
̺˾޴Ѫ޵˾޴ޱؼһ⣬˻ܵĴࡣ
ܵĻѪģѪģǻܵĸɱ޳˴ֱܵӱˡ
ûκβʣоһǿڳײƺٷһЩ΢ı仯
漸嵽˻ʼȥϻϣŪд⡢ƤǵȣԹǺܶ˻֪֮ģ֪ԼòŪЩƤ⣬ÿŪʲôġ
ӲƤ
ǰô죬λõ÷ɲԽһ¡и˿ߵ˵ӿԻѾŪһˡ
ǸЦȷҪ裿
֮ǰ˵˿еâϽ˵Цˡ
鷢ֱܶ࣬⣬ҲսѸٱܿͲҺ
ѾժɹһȺ˺һŪˣŪһƾ޴󰡣ҲǺöˮҲŪһֻмϵʣµһͻܵսɾ
ֵֶܺΰһʼֻİɣˮܵʲôĶʱһ
ˮ˼һЦſˣǸȵˣʱ΢ЦſˮܵȻʲôʱ˵󣬵ΧвˣʱǾȵĿˮ
ûҪȥŪ⣬Ȼ˲֪ãޱȡˮҲҲϣֻ˵ûա
ôЦ˵ƽޱȡ
ûȤˮֱ˵
Թǵ飬ЩˣЩѩޣǺŪԹǣȻԹһһϡˮȻ˵ûȤ˻˵˳
ˮпݹϣ֪ԼõԹǣӦԼޡ
ôˮΧܶˣԼӦƶԷһֶԼΧ纰Լõʲô纰ֻԼģʱЩѩ޶ȳԼϾԼлὫԹ͵ߡ
Щ֮һгͻȳֱȽϺһĶʱ򣬱羫Ԫʱһдսʱ޻ȥȥԹڳƺ׼ˮ
ûʲô˵ʵˮȥȡԹǣȻ뷨ºŪߣˮΪʸ֮ģȫˣˮ
ˮҲʲôëͷСӣȻԿǵͷã
Ԫǿͷϻõ˾ԪǺö
˺ʱƺɹһӰѸٵĳ˹ȥ̧־һ޴ӡ
䣡
ϻֱӱ޴ӡֱӷľۼժɹӱڤǸŮӻһЩ˴ڣʱͻȻǳ֣Լɱﵡ
ϻһ˲ղƺɹƺֱ˹Ǳѹ˺ܶ࣬ЩɱȻң׹Ȼ䡣
Ա
ⴺѩ׻ԼӲɱһֱԱˣҪЩȫը


2264 ˼޻
ѩһĴѪ׻ĺҲϣֱӱƵԱȷʵҵġ
һ޴Ѹӣһ˲Χɫˡ
һЩʲôž͸оһޱȿֲһӿȥ֪Ѹٳȥһ޴ı
ԣ
ֱըһƬ޴İ׹⣬Χ˾룬ѸٻΪӰ
ǸٻԼǸڤҵŮȻѸٺˣܵ˲С˺رƺɹǸӣʩչƺĴ󣬸ʩչ飬ȷʵϣϾԱҪ̫̫ľˣǿɱ
ҲΪٺͱڤҵŮҲǿѪܵ˲СĴˣƺɹֱӵ˴ƶ˲٣Ҳһ첲Ŵ۰ûˡ
׻ԱǸһƬǿҵİ׹⣬һҲûˣʱ˭Ҳûпһϸ˿ǾԪס˻
һ⶷ŴȹŮӡ
ҲѲСŮѾŮ˵еԣҲöˮŮһˮǽڤҲǶܺãС˵Сģӵǻ۵ʱ̫С
лָʱڲ֪ʧˣеĻܵľԪҲʧˣǻܵһԪܾãѾʧܶ࣬ӵſֲ
Ѱ޿ɲһ̵ȻҪˣԪɵҩֽȻĶᱬ塣
ֻһʼ׻ƵԱҲռ˱ˣʧȥսƺɹǸ٣ųȥ⣬˵ôأǱǲŹġ

һ񱩵ĺͷţһƬ˺кֱײһĿֲĹâ䣬䵽ֱ类йιһ
ҲǺܶΧ޽ɱ¾ĴսΪ׻Աʼˣ³ӻң˻ڶܵ壬һҵ˲Ķ˻޶ǻֱӳΪӡ
ܲңǲ˻޶ǿ̰ԼҵԾǺܶҵöᱻɱ绳һﵽǰӻǲӣ
Ǹʱ̫ܿˣǰһͷأ绽꣬㸻һ檳ȺŮƣûһܵˡ
ʱܶ˶ѡһ£ˣûֲˣɹˣǾһ죬κδ۶ֵõġ
ˮվնСܸ֮ǰܶúܶʱСӶ߽⡣
ˮƽ΢뿪һնСӣΪмѾˮƽ
ȴǲԸˮôԶ˵˼ˮѡ񱣳һʵľ룬еʱ˵ʲҲûãʵʤ۱
˵Ҳʱһ壬ûʲô飬˵ĸˡ
Ѿ˻ܵУƺѾǸԹǣݽΧһҧڵĿֲҧϻܵĹͷҪúô
նСӼȻҲŪ㶫ÿҲŪһƤ⣬Ҳ˼ʣŪͷͷԴĥ߿ԼĶսʲôġ
Ҳֻڴ½֣Ѫɺӣǻŵ˶ǾӵѰʲôȥ˶ᱻ͵͵Ĵ٣һʱ䣬ΧѾѻɽˡ
ܶ޶ѻıߣϾһ޵ĿͷǺܶ˵
ţܰԵʵǿ󣬽ܴһƬطռΪУţǾ޴󻹴󣬷צӣСɽһ壬ѪܵƤëҧƣ˲ٻܵ⣬ϴʱõ˾޴ĺôʱΧĲ˶ѪҪ١
Ǻö޴Խһɽ̴ӵǿķƤ֣˵ĳ޴ÿһѹһ
ˮջһƻвٶпǸŵӣҲǺͻȻеһˮնСӡ
ӲӵģǾȻĸƵһ
ˮɫһ䣬Ǽ޻ǻˮתư
˸ĽסȻһɫе㾪ϲɵ˰ƿǻϺĶȲϾԪԹЩõĶ֮һ
ƷӲǿǻܵקקĻӽȥСģ벻ľϲ
Ȼڵܸӣ΢ܶ˺ɱۣһĿ꣬ǾͲɱ˵
޵Ŀ꣬һЩҲǲˡ
ˮôޣ࣬նСӱնɱӰޣһ£԰ƽӹӳȥתһĿꡣ


2265 ɱõԹ
ǰľȻֻײе֪ʲôʵֻ۷壬һ͹壬ĿһƤҲ׺һһƤëһ
֮
תƣ
ˮûãѾǼˣӲȥˣﱻƣ˿ӣˮͨЩ֮Ѹٽս⻷
ͬʵҲиеͣһ⣬ܶʵǴ򲻵޵ģﵽ̫ˣʱһЩõˡ
ԣ
һ춯صˮľ걬תӷĹֱӴڲƻĲλ

һ̴ٵĲҽУ޴ɽֱӺȻһ㣬ڵϹ˺Զ֮ǰٶȿǲ
ɱ
޴ǿֱˣһֹͣˮǰץסһȣֱ
һºܶ˶ˣʲôʵö˲٣رģ㵥ֻôľԺ٣٣ǴѪ޵ڹǿ
Χܶ˶˺󣬱޴ײϣƲҲòзˡ
ͻȻðˮǿĴһס˺ޣʲôڣɱ˺ĺ٣󲿷ǿֲķƲֱӿɱ
˸տӣֱӰеӸˮл
ˮӹԽɾһСӵġ
ŵӴʱɫ࣬úõһƾΪ˳ˮֱˮģо̫Բ̫֪ˮǼһСӣӸǸСЧһġ
ȷʵһģֻ̫ˣӴ򹷵ĸо˵ĺҲˣھǼ޻ʲôҲûãԹǵˮϣȻ˭ҲԸˮ
˭̫뺷ˣһɱ
ҸоѪޣЩѪ޸
ҲôģǺ°ЩҲҪͶһܻ߳ȥҪ಻ˣǿɽǵĸ
ûгˮϣϾô޺࣬һһ𹥻ĻҲǺܲҵġ
ˮǸŵӣʱƽĿˮƺһкûκιϵʱĿⷽܵԴΪҲ֪޾档
Ȼʱû˭ˮ֣ҿ϶һᣬЩ֪Լõ˲ٶĻƻвԼ֣ΪʱŲǿǿ˹Ķһ£Ǻܶ˾͸ηˡ
ˮŵˣоһʹưոݣˮҲ£ҪԼǾͰԶˡ
ʱѾõԹǣˮˮ¶ЦݣҪǲɫĽսɾУͿˣԼͻΪӮҡ
ˮóƽսꪣȻ˵ڷֽĻܡ
ƽսꪺܷʱԾԴ͸ˮ㹻Բһͷ˺ôһ飬ŹͷѪҺѪҺѪУѪҺҲǺö
ˮһܶ˶ˣǷֽŻܵ֫壬̫ܵ֫ˣϺܶ˸Ʋ˷ȴǲģӲĥϣŪһ顣
ˮʵռһؿλãѾ֪޳˲ٻܵ࣬˲٣ʵ˺ܶ࣬ҪڵҲ˻ѪҸߴɣްѻټ˴룬ǿѪԴȪ
˵ڵڻܵк׵ǰƿڵ޸ӿֲˡ
ܶ˶עˮˮʱȴг˾ɽֱŻܵԴȥˮȫʢ
ɽܵԴܵԴעĵطǺܶ˵òҲ֪˭õˣʱ򿴵һСɽһĶ˻ܵԴúܶ˶Ǵһ
ŵҲһ⣬ûпɽǿˮǴ۵Ľʱ֪ˣȻȻһˮȥ
ˮ¶һ˿΢Ц̧Ӧȥ
βţ
һӰһˮ壬ޣʱˮĽź;ŵһ
ԣ
ƾУˮ湥ǺֲܿεĽ׶ɻǺֲܿģβŵɱԣеԷȹȻסˡ
ˮȣԷҲܾȣʱˮѾջޣһεĻĹѨһѾӮˡ
ܵԹǣȻ˿ǲߵġЦſˮ
ʲôѾõ˻ܵԹǣôܣ
ֻ֮ǰ˻ܵޣ֪𡣡
ʲôȻޣ޵ĻǻܵԹǹƻûˡ


2266 Ѫ뿪ĹѨ
һʱˮٴγΪ㣬ˮǿžŵȻ˵֮ǰ֪Ϊʲôһֻӵ𣿡
ΪʲôǿǺöȱٸ͵ˡ
ʲô᲻úײǣǾŵˣӦ֪ܴžʲô˼ɣǾǿʵҲǸоҺǿ󣬿Ҷûһģ֮ǰҪ߼޻ɢעΪʲôҪҵܵԴΪҪޣΪģޡˮ˵
Ҳ԰ŵ˺ǿҪ޻ȻҪ޻ǿߣҵĿ겻֮ǰ͵Ͼ˸͡
ǰŵļһһֱĴ治죬ұĵ
ˮ˵ģɣеݣ˵Ķ֮ǰ飬ŵֻ˵ûʲôʵˮĻΧ˵ķӦѪĳ嶯̫ƻˣʲôʱԹôĿһԼ޳ܣ˵ѻ۾գһ£ˡ
סܵһлܵԹǡ֪˭һ
һþŵˣһ߻æͣǲҪԣðɣ˵ʵҺϻģģ֮ǰҿֹ̣ҿԷ˵һжġ
ҺնСӣҵĶѣ˭ҲԷҲʶ˭Ҳ֪ʲô˵һϻ𡣡ˮ˵ޱȵׯء
ħŵѪ˵Ҳʶ㣬Ҳ֪ʲô
ˣⲻ͵ˣҴİ˵˵ˣҲ˵ʶңڿ˵ʲôͼ֪˰ɡˮߵ˵
㡭ŵˣ˵ʲôҲţʱֳ֪ô˵ҲˣŤͷģܵԹѾˡ
ܣõԹǻܣ°ɣʱǸţͻȻǸӳȥ
ͬʱкܶޡ
ˮȻҲųȥϵǺ֣˵ľʧ˲٣ʱû£һºͻῪʼΪҪϵ룬Ͼˡ
ˮǷ֮ǰΪԼϧնС֣ˮȻɱǺʹ࣬ԾͷϵΪӦౣǸҾŹҲȥˡ
ϺõĶˮҲõĲˣ֮ǰƤʲôҲ˰ʮ֮һңǧ׸ߴĻܣˮõ鳤ʮףҲʮףȻˮģѾˣܸо֣ˮҲߡ
ˮǸŵº֣ȴΣڱɱȻɱˣûҵԹǣƵʱֻԼ鷳ôˣˮԿסġ
ȻܳȥˣϵѾؾˣˮû뵽Ҳǹһʱ֮˷ʬ壬˿ɽǣұһգԺܶ˶п֪˭ôõ˻ܵԹǣǰº顣
ˮ˳֮뿪ˣΪʲô˿ɽˮҲ֪
ˮߺ󣬻ĹѨһʱ䣬ټĻܱ׵ķֵʲôҲûˣܶ˶ǿĵ뿪Ϊûʲô̫ǿģҲûʲôǹЩܵƤǣЩҲǺöž޴İ
Щˮ̫ˣʱˮѾħɽһطģ飬֮ǰߵʱˮǸƸնСӡ
ƺܴ̫ˣնСӳϺܾˣĹͷҲսˣȫ׵ģˮʱǸһռ֮⻹һЩ㲻ĵҩ˺ܶ࣬͵Ե
ˮǹŮһһδ֪ԸҲİȫҪˮŮԡ
뿪֮ˮ˸ɽȥܰѾΣˣҪԼõĶεջȻʼ׼һ¡
ɽǸȻɽһȥˮëһȻͿһȺʴϳ˳ˮ˵Ťͷܣⶫմãʲôƹ֮һմϣҲõƤ
ʴϴСһңһͷȴǳ壬ŷǿʴݣϲʳͷҪǵѳ־ʮֻϣһ޳֮һɨ⡣
ⶫˮֻʵҲǺܵģСЩĵСһֻҪǲסˣҲֻһԷ̫ǿˣҪСĶ㿪ߵĹΪЩ߱סĴ򣬵ԷԼϣԼðһ
ܶԸǿһսҲԸⱻʴϲϣⶫٶرĿ죬ֻҪٶȲеģǾֻ·һ


2267 ٴνƾԪ
ʴٶȺܿ죬еľȻһСĳһԶ̾ҲԼӿ챼ܵٶȣЩĵļһʵǿаŵĺܣԸʴǿߵĻԪ
ˮտʼ汻׷Ǳޱȣҷǿڣʱ׷ɱǿΣˡ
ˮоŹҲöô˦Щĵļһ
ﻹħɽʵǻᱻѹƣʵѹƣЩʴϻǲõġ
һҵһտĵط̽һΧûзʲôˮֱӽɾҲôˣȴɾ֮˵
һȥǺôһܵ飬Ȼ⵫ȴһǿرţóʱûгԶˣֱŪһϵ⿪ʼ
ɫƣϡεȶ濾ŨҵģԳɾǺöοǻܵơ
ûһˮ޶˹ڤͽεģǱζˮǵӾЦˣֱӴӲԶ˾ƣȻڵһ㲼ϯض
ⲻǵһˣҺĬȻޣҲǻˣˮӲǵޣɻ飬ֵѣΪˮǰСŮһ
޲ܻΣҲڲԶˮƺܴ󣬲Щһﶼһһܳԣ޷ˮһɫƵԹǣǻܵԹǡ
óԣĵı߳Ա˵
ʳжˣЩˣٳˮƷ񼦻ɽȾʳеƷ
ˮ˵ȻǿɫĹͷȻתű㾪ȵķĶȫ֣߸ˣȵ߸гһǽɫĶ֮⣬ߺͽɫŵĶҲǽɫˣһһǸоȻһɫӰ
ӰϤǻܣ
һЩսǣˮҲ֪ǻܵĴл飬׻еİ׻ȣǴеıսҲԽͨ
ˮĶɫģֱ޺ͻܵ飬ʣµĶɽޡڤͽԼЩǿԺкʵľͻ֮ǰģޡܺɽģĶʱģ˺ʵǿľͻֱ滻ˡ
ЩȽ⣬һҪǿޣޣǿޣԶռ˽ɫʩչֻһ
׻
׻޵׻ͬΪ޵׻ĹߣҪöԷѣѣʱ˫ʵйϵ
ˮ޵׻ȴǿĹӵѣЧȻѣʱҲǺ˫ʵйϵʹôǺ޲ͬ׻ʹǼܵһʱ䡣
ˮٿܵĶˮһ޴Ļ֣ܳͬʵһӴ׳֫һܺӲӡ
ӵлѪǿǿֲ˫צǾ޴ؿڣܵסܣѪǿԹκδڣҿκһĹΪԼԪսս
񱩵ĻֻԼ壬ڻûʲôʲôģĿǰ֪ڻҪ
һҪǹΪãͷһˮץס˰죬˵üĿĿǰץסԺʵûˣоԺһ뵽
Ҳ˺ܶʵϾѪҲˣϧѾʹùϹʲôģĿǰ޷ٰѪʵˡ
ʣˮûñʹãΪǰʵ̫˷ˣֱӷ˾۱裬໹оԪŽȥˡ
ſʼԼ³ֵĶ
ٴõˣˮܼһû뵽ȻһΪ˽ɫĶֻ֪ҪԵ˻ԳΪɫ
ڶνӵϤ˳ûжѾϣʵٴһЩ
һˮһЩѻԼܵĹѨҲõ˲ٺôʵҲһЩ
ʱƾԪ
ԪȻûܵࡢԪѪлܵĹͷĩȻˮ֮Ȫ֮塭
ˮƵľԪѾüˣһõĶ󣬾ԳƵǱ֮ˣǱһҩҲѷɫǲԸıѪʵĵҩ
Ԫһ㶼õģˮɲҳԣҩҲʹõľԪûܵľԪ㹻̺Ҳ㹻ͬҲһЩʹõľԪ
һæֱӾͲർȥʱˣˮɾ
ʱɾУһֱԵǻܵ⣬ֶǴ󲹣ߵĺôǾ޴ģǲҲʣͬҲвСĺô


2268 ֣ժӣħԺ
ɾеʱʵʵһ֮͸оͱס˺ܶܶ࣬ƺֻʣôһ㣬ǿֻҪƲ򣬾ֻܱѹơ
ˮѡһֱȥȻҪĥѣΣգԵϸУһ̻ᱬеǿȫµĸܡ
ÿ׶ζȱٵһʱһ˰бΣյʱᰵг֣Ҳüӵֻܷ֣оҡ
ֻҪܵΣһǲֵģҲǼҪļ󱲲ܶʵлһǿĲǼбչ˵ˡ
Ϊ˱ÿ嶼ʹãֻеĻıһ£ǼвģǽļҲΪļزۣпԼ̳ȥˡ
ˮһ·˲·Ҳ˲ٵĽ·ҲԣʵսҲǺܶ࣬һҲȴ˹Ȼûʲôʦһ·Ҳõ˲˵ָ㡣
ۣ
ں˼ʱĳһƺһײһֱӷ۵һƺʲôһ
һǱԼõһһƻ
֪ѾߵһƬֱԵʱԶˮҲһȣһֻԳ
ӲС״С첲ף⻹ˮһμôĳԳѩ׵ëƯһ˫۾쳣ͨ飬ʱˮ졣
һƬ޴Ĺ֣˵ǹ֣Сɭ֣Ϊˮһ۾ȻûпߣһԿߣһ״Сɭ
ٿɭֵʱҲһĺӶ࣬Ӧر࣬࣬Ƕ࣬һƬˮԿֻӣвһЩǿĴڡ
Ϻܶӣưɫ·ѤĹΣž޴ݵģʮ˺ϱסĴЩƺҲһûôôһƬɭ֣۵Ǿ˵ġ
ˮʱǸѩ׵ĳԳٴˮһƻԳǿͷƻӹǿ
Щԣϧ޷ˮЩӶ֣ŪЩӣΪЩӾƣҲͻȻ뵽ˣĹӿ˵ԼõĹӡ
ˮƹȥǲﶼᱻסˮرΣԾһЩӺɢȻȥӡ
ˮ֣ǿը޴ӣܶӶǿɳȥ⻹ˮûдϺЩӣȻղžͿɱһƬˡ
֨֨
һҽУԵС֣ƺӻ﹥㣬ǿ˾޴ĶǾͻһɢ˭˭ܵÿ졣
徻һЩˮ߽У߱ժǹӳļڣƻɹ׹
ˮժժģժúܿ죬ɾҲ㹻
ɭֵǰ
֨֨
һ·ϺӶֹˮǰֻʵûˮǿԽˮܵ˺ƺԽԽţʱֹˮĺѾǿΪˡ
ˮʵ㹻ɱ˱ôΧƺӦ
ĸëѩﶼһһľͷסˮȥ·
࣬ôʥأһֱѩ׵ĴӼ
Ӻߣѩ׵ëƯ⣬Ҳǿһ˫۾䣬ǵķһ˿Ѫ⣬һ̾ͻоӺԡ
ʥأⲻһƬ𣿡˵ĺӣˮҲе㾪ȵǺܿġ
ѩʥأȻʥأȻǿǸ֮ǰǸѩ˵
ôҲǿˣдôɭôĹӣժʲô⣬Ҳ̫СˡˮЦ˵
ϻ˵
ѩƺˮ˵ôĻֱһˮȥٶȿľˣѩһױȵٶơ
ӡ
ˮֱһ̽һֻ޴ӡֱѹѩ
ˮڵľǱѩߣǷҾѧھļǿֱðеѩֱ˵ϣһܶΪˮѩоȻһЩħԡ
ȻǲǺǿңȴʵڣˮе㲻ףĺûУΩֵֻжкܵħԡ
ſңȻǴˣĺܲҡ
ʣµֻһͬ鱻ѹ֪ǿߣԲûж
ˮЦЦû˵ͨѹѩһǳԾȻѪħĿʼǺ죬ӦɭܸıѪĶ
ֶ˵ǺöǿʵǿѪϧħԵģħԴﵽһ̶Ⱦħ֮Ѫһ׶߻ħȣһѹסħ֮ѪĻͻֱħԿƣʱȻԼоеİصͻᷴɣΪħԼҲʲô³


2269 ƣɹȫҪ
ˮ֪ʲôԭĸѩħˣħһص㣬ʵ⼸ѩħĳ̶Ⱥܵͣʵڵˮǲеࡣ
ʱԶһȺ
ˮһۿȥ㲻ֻӣʲôҲУҶħģ֮ǰֻѩħĳ̶ҪصĶ࣬ʵҲǺǿ
ֲַεħˮоһΪģΪʲôҪ
ˮ˼һ뵽ħеһڣħĸһرĴߣһħĴڣħĸһŮˣǵѪǿһѪܿһڣڻħԣкСļʳħ֮ѪʱͻΪһµħּʺСһҪܳһħߡ
ˮĲ²⣬ȻԺܴ󣬵ٴҲǲ²⡣
ãҾȵνĴʲôˮЦ˵
ȴĹ˵ɡһŵ
ˮһֻɫĴӣ֮߱ǰЩߣʮ״СⲻԳǺôĺӻǺ𺳵ġ
ɣ㲻Ҷ֣ȻʵˮˣɫĺѾһħˣѾΪħ֮ѪѪѾѣһ׼ħ
ǲǲô֪аɣɫĺ˵ϵħ˫۱˺ɫצ϶˷צӣѪҺ·˵Ŀˮ
Ҳٴ֣ӣɢ񱩵ˮȥצֱˮĺĨȥ
˫צѾɵѪӰ˲оͲѪɫצӡ
ˮҡҡͷԱ¶ˮҲֱ֣һתƴȥ
ž
ɱĽ࣬ЩҲһֲĴڣ˭ﶼ۷壬ѾΪħߵĴ۷׶μ޵еĴڡ
û뵽һУһоɥȪ濴ûκα仯ڷѾȫ˷ĩɳȥˤԶѾΪһûйͷĴһ
һظĹͷҲǳ׵ķˡ
ɱĽɭеľŸ֮һһȫͳ졣
ɱ˽֮ʣµĺֱٴɢȥ׼ܣȥţ߶ˣٱӦǸʲô˰ɡ
ˮֱץ˼֮ǰɱǸǿ֮ǿļһ
˵ɣǸħǵ˭ΪʲôҪˮֱʵ
ħʲôħһӲ˵
ǹǿˮ˵
˵ʥʥǵʥ֮ѪֻǵĲܵõһʥ֮ѪǸҲʥ˵
ˮ֪ˣħĸ߿ֻǲ֪ʲôͼ
ƽʱҪʲôסˣѵĻֱӿǵֽţûв´ĻǸӦûɡˮ˵
ǿľѹסӣر˶еĻܵǿֱֲӲʧ
ʲôҲûҪ󣬾ҪƣƵľƾųɶҪϽɡǸӲ˵
ƣˮɻˣƵľơ
һ뵽̲סͷԼЩӾΪƣɾû뵽ơ֡ŵǰľкƣ񼶵ľơ
ȻκκӶƳġ
ȥƵĵطˮֱ
ЩҲҲӣڶԷϡ
ﵽһϵƵĵطʱҲ̲סһ㶣ӣ磬ΧܼסһеĹֻеᵽ
Ӷʮ״Сʮӣдľƽ涼ѵĹӣһŨӨĹ֭һĶɫһʱͿԷˡ
һӴһҲǿˣȴǺƣѾƺõģӨ͸Һɢǿ̺ſֲ
öǺö
ˮֱŪɾд룬ȻЩ˴ʼɭɨ
ЩûбħˮŪ㣬Ϊ˴ǸħĸˮʼĶĺƽɨرǸħĸڵĵط֮ǰ˵ĵط֮⣬ǵڶȥġ
֪֮ʲôĳӲ󣬵Ʒʱ֮ǰʮֹھƳԱ߾ȻһɹһóʹǸƽС
ˮûħĸ֪˾Զƣþƣ־ƲúȣߵĺôǲɹƵģȥԳΪҲ˵
ˮκܳ׵ģŪɾŪ˾ƺ;ƽɹҲŪȥˣɾǿԶƳؾ֮¡
Ǹħĸ治ڣˮżģҪһͬʣⷲǳΪħߵģܾͻǵħ֮Ѫ̫ײоֱӿˡ


2270 ħĸ˫
ɨһˮҲǵõ˲ٵĺƺ;ƽȻǡħĸãģƷʸߣҲá
ħĸƲ֪ڱˮˣʮĳɹ֪ˮڴɹƶҪѪˡ
ʱ䣬һ飬ܿģ׼ħĸģҲûжˮģȻͲרŵħ߲٣ûҪΪһħԼг̡
ˮҲƴʦЩƽм˵֮Ȫʲôģƻκεζ͹ЧӲٵƷʡ
뿪֮û߶ԶˮԶԶһӰޱѸٵ߸
ˮЦˣǹħԣˮԿ϶Ӧþνħĸ
ˣˮǸħĸǺӣʮˣǸˣħĸǸ˺һˣƫݣһѩ׵Ƥ˿۽̣һеĵˡ
ҵɹͺƣֱӿˮʱ˫۳˷ŭɱ⡣
ܼϸ˶Ĥ˵ʵˮоԼ֮һˡ
ħĸΪʲôˮʵ˵
Ȼ֪ҵݣԭսðɣ˫һˮеɱʢˡ
ðǾͿ˭Զɡˮֱһ֮˹ȥ
֮
ɫһ䣬˫۶ʱ˳ɫϵȻȫһǿҵϢɢгذס
׷
ˮЦٴʩչ׷
ˮֱӳ˹ȥ

ȻҲִУһֻذĨˮʺһֻذ״ˮĿڡ
ˮʺذףĿڵֱӣˮڵķӲû⣬οĿлĶȴֱӱѣסˣˮһȭ˵ʺˣǹҲ·һĽ
ƺѣĵֿǿȻˣȴǼ˲ͻعѸٶˮһȭһб糹׶ȥ
һȣ˫ذֱӱһһɫɢ̵ɫɢ֮
˫
ˮһֱΪһ˫ذأڲ֪˫Ҳб˫Ǻǿ˵Ǳ˫걻ӡУЩͲ֪ˣⲢǲܵ飬ݴ½鲢Ƕôķ˼
ȥ
˫ˮȥ˿תųˮ
ޣ
ˮ˫һֱӳʮ׳ϸԪһ֮оκ¶ȡ
󶯣
֮𣬱ˮľ֮Ҳй֮޲ǰֻһ𣬴ʱͷһħĸı˫
ԡ
ײ޴Ļ𻨣춷ȼһ㣬ڷ裬ŭ𣬾޴ײ·Ļľȼˣ֮ǰɭŲСľ룬ڰƬɭˡ
ħĸҲǱѹ۷壬׶εʵǺǿģˮĻ޾ȻͶԷƾУˮ֣Է˫ǲ
Ǿ磬ľľȥʲôʵˮȴǺܸߣˮںܵѹƣˮԼҲѹƲ˶Է
˵ħĸԼľֻ߲͡

ʱħĸһһںĴٴγ֣һֱˮȥںĴһ޴ǿзڣѪƶһĺơ

Ǿ޴βһһֱˮȥ
Я쫷ˮԴ

ˮԺ󶴸ſһֻ޴޻һĶ˳ȥ
ôǿҵϢɱϢ
޵޻꣬Ӵ˺ܶ౶޻أվؼ䣬һӷ·ǼСȻˮħĸȵ鷢ˡ
޻귢޴ĺֱӳ˴ںɫľſڴھôĽǺںɫľӲȥˡ
Ȼ޻ħĸȥ
ħӡ
һںڵӡЯħֱ޻ϡ
䣡
аˣһжɢˣǴħӡ˿ˮȥ
Сɣ
ˮһƬ⣬һƬׯϣҲĳһơ

ž˴ӡ
ɽһһӡӭޱȵĴӡ

ϵײҲϵıըȫʧˣˣˮ𾪣ħʵ治СȻôǿ󣬲֪ʲô
ħĸҲܾȣ𾳽Ȼ˵ֵסԼħӡ
ħĸں࣬˫ѪҲǾ䣬һһĹ˳˫۹뵽е˫ϣֱһײһ
˫һ
ѽȻںһ棬໥ȻƺݣֲһȻһնһ޴ĽӰնˮ𽻼ӣ˲Ŀ


2271 ݣ˶ɱħĸ
ˮ⽣ӰҲһ̺Ŀ̫ǿˣ񱩵壬ֱӳһ𽣷ɳһ⣬ײǵ
ž
޴ײ֮ŷ񱩵ıըһ񱩵ԪӣΧֱסһٶȺͷӦû
ʱħĸٴһһˮٶȱ֮ǰ졣
һˮ׼ӲΪ֮ͻᱬըը֮ǱͻеıԸΧ
ˮ䱾Ϊȥ֮ǰʱֱԼˣ񱩵ΧĿռ䶼ըһ˿еоԽǿˡ
ˮ׼еĺȻѸٳȫеĲʣһŹħĸȥ
ɽѾˮϷ
ħĸŲæеԪˮܡ顭
𽻼ӣһƬ·ΪһƬˮΧ¶ߣĿǿھͻоˣоΧƺˡ
棬һСͨȴǺܰԵСͨǿǿֲͨˣ𾳽绹Ǳɱͨ
ˮſԺ߳ɻ湥˺ǿԳܣ˻֮⣬бˮһ䣬һȣȵǰΪ߳ɵĻ˺ɱ˰ӶҪջˡ
ȻȵİԵֵǰ䣬ˮ಻ԣԼӹǿ󣬹ưӱˡ
ȥУˮ֮ǰûô£ڷֲô£ħĸǿڶ𾳽磬ʵƺеǿĹ֡
ʵƺԽ۷塣
ˮںǱѾʧȥ֪ˡ
ϧˣиⶫ⣬컯ʵ磬ڵʵ
ħĸоʤȯƺҲҫԼҲһֵԸ
˵Żóһʯͷ߲ޣֻмСѤÿ
Ȼ߲ʯʯ֪ʲôϵ߲ʯ˵׼ʯͷҲԭ򣬿һ
ⶫƯûʲôЧȴǿֲޱȣ۷Ȼһ֮ңȴޱȡ
һӴѹ˷ѹ˹ȥˮоǲƺˣȥоҪըˣڳٶޱȡ
ƲˣˮԷ̫ԶʱȻе޲ߵĸоˮڳСҲ
ԽԽľˮǿԼԽԽ䣬ԽԽȣħĸҲǸо𾪣һ湻ǿģҪԼԽʵסԷ
澲ĺȻԼԪһĿʼǱ֮ڶвľЩа֮
ʼѣˮԼԽԽ࣬ľİҲʼһ֪ˮܾϲԽԽͶ룬֪Ķ֡
߸ϵˮ֧ˮġ
кͻ໥ų⣬Ǳ𽻼ӣ״̬һʱ䣬Ȼʱ䣬ȻǺȻĲһ𣬲ųⷴںϵĸо
䣡
ˮըһһ
˶
ֱͻˣǲͣˮʱŹޱȣгƺǶеģеѾʼıˮˡ
ܵʵһЩΧֽɶˣʱ䣬һֱ巢ʱˮһ£嵤λãѾǵˣʱǸɫĶ𣬶ϳ
һˮоΧˣΧֹֽƺˡ
ħĸˮı仯ҲǴһ¾Ȼͻˣ֮ǰˮһҲˣھȻҲﵽͣں
һɱﵱˣʱˮгɽȻħĸȥ
ԣ
ϵķˮնŹҵֱһתƴ˹ȥ
ˮҲûбҪȥˣǲһˮݣһջͷճȡ
ž
ħĸŵĿԼɵ壬ڿƲסѪˣͬһʱ䣬ˮֱִס˶ԷʺڶԷѣε˲䣬Ĳӡ
ˮ۷壬ԷڣȻתֱӾͿԷϵˮѱѹƣԶתƵͲٵˡ
߲ʯһЩĶ˳Ū˹Ȼ뿪ˣһԲ
ĹѨͱȽһιҲǡ
˶ˣླǼˣֻдѪ޿ԴﵽŶʮǴ˵еľ磬ֻд˵ֻʷأû˭ۼ


2272 żԲģʵ
ǰѻû˵ʲô̶ȣֻǸʲôʱоԻʱͿԻˡ
еˮ֪Ȼô˵ǿ϶ɣҪˮûаг
ⳡսˮҲǸоرƣǰһξ룬뿪ɭֺԶ֮󣬿һ޴ĺˮ峺ߺܶڴȻкܶ绱ĻǰĻֻ࣬ڴСϲ̫
еĶǴС޴ķ
ˮȺߺܶҰ޷ݣвٵޣǺܴģһ۶ͷСҸطˮҲûдֱӽɾ
ˮϢʱ䶼ɾȥ֮ˮʼһĹ

һˮסˣĴﵽ˾żԲ磬һλյﵽżԲ֮ˮļˣоò˼ɣһֱţȻһȥȥ
ˮҲôһˣ̫ˣԸôڹͻƲͻˡ
ģ
żԲ硣
гսһ幥κʵ׶ε޶Чáġ
ģˮֻͷˮóǸ߲ʯûüоڿ
߲ʯ
ʯ飬һЩضѹ֮΢һЩʵ
Գ䵱һЩϣҲһЩﾳ磬ľȼƷʺеĵȼ
Щˮ߲ʯȥ֮󣬸оԼʵ˺ö࣬Լģ򲻵ѣǲģ뵽һЩﾳ硣
ˮо̫˷ˣⶫЧģҲƵǱˣϾ½ȱľѹⶫʹ÷һ˭öԣһֻ֮ԼʹˣӡʧٴγΪ֮
߲ʯ֮ǰǱħĸģˮɱħĸ߲ʯٴγΪ֮
ˮûˣǷɾҲԼʵ
оľȼɽо̫ݳޣ˷ѣⶫôú˾Գ
ź߲ʯˮԼʵѾɫҿ˵ڰ˸
ˮʵ660Ĺ
6600ķ
2ɵķˮķﵽ7920
񵲱660ĸˮ൱8600ķ
ɾˮʵûбѹƣûºܿģƵľԪ˳ֱýհ׻ޡڤԼʹá
ǿˣˮʵõǿ
ò˵ܵľԪˮһЩ˫ҩƳĳԪЧǺֲܿģֱýհ׻ﵽǧһʵ֮һ࣬ĿʹˣֱӴﵽǧʵ
ʵﵽ˾ŰҲ֮ǰлѪӱհ׻Ҫ࣬۱͸ûñˣĵ£ֱӴﵽһǧ˰ʵ
ˮе㲻ţһγƺֵ̫ˡ
ڤﱾǿȴǱǿ˶ˣﵽϻյĻﵽһǧڤиǿսǿĹԴﵽǧİ
ˮое֮ǰͱȽǿһƺĻǺܲģﵽһǧĵӰ죬ʵﵽǧˮǧʵհ׻ƺҲǲɶá
޾˽еɫ׵˺þãʹһαܽٵˮĵ޼޳ɳʱõ޿̡
޵ʵﵽһĹϻյҲˮرĿģҧһһڳԣһڳԸӣڵ޽ƽʱڣںܳһʱʵѸ
ˮ͸ٶһ룬Ȼľ͸оûʲô̫ı仯ˮ͸һһҲǿĹԷ
ˮҲûǣ˻ܵľԪ֮ʵǿˣ޴·ʯһҵûб仯ƺѾﵽ۷塣
ˮҲ֪ˣʣµĳԪⶫЧǿֲջѾǷˡ
֪һ¹ȥˡ
ˮһһֱΧһǳȥҲþлص֣ȭһᣬˮеΣ˳ȥһЩǿɱ֮⣬ͻﾲһ顣
֪ˮѾܵһЩܳʵ뵽˺ħĸսʱݣ˵ǱݣںϵĶںˣܶණǲܣ
ԡ⣬ںߵˮźˮһС㻶ţҲƽһʱһֱɱѵ


2273 ħѾ
ģ⣬ݵظǣгݵϢ΢紵Ȼе䣬ȴû˿Ӱ쵽һС
︴գǿҵʱ䡣
ˮڲݵϣܵĿſеİƣ΢Զһмֻ÷¹֣߼ֻƱĹеӥ裬ԡˮ·ɢһƽ⡣

ˮܵеôǿ󣬸˴޵ϵŸԵȦӺ͹켣ӣֲ棬Ϣһһ
򣬽
ˮѾܾˣɱ¾ڽУҲʶ˺ܶĵֲҲޡҰޡݣʶսսƽļû䵽ʢٵû䡭
мʧҲоޱȼѵĵ͹ȣȻԻ͵Ķ㣬ˮһЩϣҲǸġ
ˣ
ˮѾˣһǰﵽ˾Ÿ磬ȻôʱһֱɱʮûκζûʧҲûлġ
ʮľǴ˵еľ磬ǴѪޣһЩ֣ﵽʮҲ죬вͻǡ
һ͵Ĵһǰ˸߾Ÿ˳¸磬Ѫ޻ҲǾŸе츳ã˸ʱͻƶһˡ
˸һҲһŸǾǧһˣزۻ߳һвܴһ
˵ͨľ磬̫ܽˡ
أ
ˮһΪ˽ɫЦˣѾһĹɣָоˮŶȴѾɫˡ
˳Ľꡣ
ʮˮ֪ǿģǿ󣬿ʱҲûȥˣмˮȥ˼ΣϾȥһҲüʱ䣬ѻڣˮҲġ
һˮĽԼΪɫʵҲ˲٣ҪǶ磬ҲĽչ
ʩչ뿪
ˮ׼ǴŸȫΪɫ֮뿪ġ
ҲҪһãرѣֻҪһЩʱ䣬ȻҲпܻͣʮҲһģڵĳɾͣˮѾˡ
ˮصɣϴλѾˡ
ѻˮĵ˵
ǰе㵤ҩ㿴õŲܡˮóԪ
ǿľԪѻҲǾȵ˵
ǻܵԹǣаˮܵԹǵݸѻ
ˮһֱڲܵԹǣҲǳˣѾҪԹˣѻػԽǿԽá
ѻ𾪣ŻܵԹ֮˵ôõĶҲҲ򣿡
ʲôǰǿˣҲĸ
ˮȻ˵
̾µǿضҲǿǸܳµˣȷʵû˵
ǰⶫܶ˶ڴ⣬ŵһΪҲˣ͵͵򣬽վסˣͲˡˮ˵
ףֶԶҪ¶ǿҲҪ¶ѧˣ˲㣬ǸĻñ˻뾡һȥĶҪʱɱˡѻ˵
ˮȻף֣صĵͷ
ѻʹ˳Ԫ󣬲ʵ˴룬ѪȻҲһɰ룬Ҳ˻ѪѻȻȫѪѻѪѻʸǿ
ܵԹǣѻ˵ҲǸĻԵܸмˮֶܾˣʵǼĸл޲ܵԹǡ
ʱˮصǰԺ˶ڣˮǺܿģҲܾûҲڵˮӴˣֱǰǣŮܿģﻹе㲻˼
ˣû
ˮһһĵ˵
ŮˮҲ֪һҲ֣ԼͥԺй䡣
ʲô鷢𣿡ˮܾûлȻʡ
ûʲô飬ħƺǿˣŮѾǺһˡ˵
ˮӣ𵱳ҴҼ̨һĻû뵽ѾҪħȥЩһЩǿʵһˣܿͻЩžͷεĴ˰ɡ
ˮ̨յͻƽչû⣬ħѪͻƲʵŽء
ˮڵʵҲֲֻܿǲ֪ΣӦòѷɫɣʱٵȵȣоӦÿˣ뵽Ҫ;ǿһЩʵվһ飬ɵһɺ
ˮչҲмǿĴ뿴㣬뿴ǲǰ;˵
ңðʲôʱ顣ˮҲûиоףΨһģҸǿҲ


2274 ս죬˭˧
һһңŮˮߣɷˣое㲻ʵֻС֣ÿζǸоôλá
ϾŮòҲŮͼϵŮˣе㵭Įһͬʱţ𺳡
ˮ𺳣ŮȴҲǲţǿԲںˮбŮˣϾˮǵˣǲԼһ˿ӵġ
ǲˮŮˣһŮߣֳǣҲеš
鵽һϣ̫Ϥˣôʱסһͬã޻̸
һ̸ˮĴҲ٣̸һЩŮҵ飬໥ЦˮûڣȻƻиĳ
ʮˣΪ׵һǽսǽͨһʵ⣬ɲˣȻɾͱˡ˵
ˮһ㶣ʱЦЦˮоǸ׼⣬ѵͲ⡣
һΪʲôǿأԭʮŮļһһúһ١ˮݺݵ˵
ûй֣ȷʵǿû֡˵
˧˧ˮʵ
һ㶣Ӧ˧ɣ
˧𣿡
ˮʵ
˵ʵ˧
ˮˡ
˵ͷ˧
ˮٺһЦС˿סһ㶼廨ͷ˲ܿԷ˧иƨãҪ׳Ҫǹ
ͣͣͣҸо˳ۣͿϽ˵
ˮٿˡ
˵ͷ
ߣȥǼˣҪ֪Ƕô׳ǹ
ˮŮȥ
һԺ䣬ԺеأѾˣһֱûм˶֣֮ΪŮˡ
ƯŮˣɣؽ࣬ϲŮˣ֪ŮӣŮˣ͸
ܵʱ򻹱֮ŮȻǲô׽һˣȻҲܵڻ֮ģԼһܸжǵġ
뾡취ȴڶܣŮӶе䣬٣˵öˣԼоֵֹģԼСһԷƺûκһȤ֪֡
ôλ
һͬῡ˹컹ǲ˲٣ֿȴʧգ۾ܺÿǿʵţվһһж
ǿ˺ŷĸоհһ쵼ߵϢ
ҹ˵ᣬΪʲôƺһҲûȤ쿴˺Իʵ
磬㲻˵û㲻Ů𣬴Сͨԡҹĵ˵
˭˵Ҹ㲻ˣеѶȶѡƵ˵
磬ﲻãΪﶼãԸ˺ܲʵĸоˣǸ׷ǵ˲˧ǸǱ˵ôǻں𡣡ҹЦ˵
ţеŹֵĿҹ
ҹе㷢ëϽ˵Ǹˣ
Сӣ˵öԣ˵ҸôλȤ˵
һûа취ʱҪ֮߳˲ߵĵ·ҹһʥ˵
ٹĨŲһ١쿴ҹɧӾһ١
ǲҪԼôãҪֵ֪̫ãֹţŽһ˿Ͻȵȣһе٣Ȼܶʱܺÿľǿöˣö˾ͻоα̫٣Ҫչʾʵһ档ҹĪ˵
ȴǷֻô£ʵ
ûУҹϵ˵
ô֪Щʵ
Ҳµģô˵Ĳɣҹĵ˵
ֱһ߳
ô˵컹Ǹоҹ˵ĺеģôһģʱһ
ΪǵĻһǴһӳȥ˭Ů˹ˮ΢Ц˵
ûôŮӺϣҲûʲôֵ£ûʲôҲûʲôˮܵ˵ӡ󲢲̫
ǡ쾪ȵ˵ǿŮ˵ġ
ˮЦŵͷջ뿴ΣⲻˣôǲǱ㳤˧
һ㶣û뵽ôᣬ˵Ҳ⣬һʱеӦܶԷôᣬ˵λһ㶼ϳɣװҲҪװϳɣû뵽ǰ˾Ȼô⣬Ȼ˵Լ˧ȻܳϣǵҲҪʵǡ
Һʵϵ˵û˧عߵ˵


2275 ܶԽһ
ʲôС˵˧ˮҲߵ˵
ʲôС˵ҳɴ۾
˻Ӳһĺáˮ˵
УҽһҪһΣҵˣҵ塣켱ˡ
ˮû뵽Է˧˾ȻҲôһ棬ҿǲǹģ˵ݼⲻ
ںһƺ˷ܡ
򣬱򡣡ˮֱ˵
Ǹǵɣ˾Ͳø׷ǡ˵
ɣ׷˭ǲǵ棬Ҳ棬׷ҵŮˣ˵Ҹòø档ˮζ˵
ʲôǶŮˣôܣ켱ˡ
ļˣϲŮˣûһ覴õŮˣһҲҪ׷һӣ˵ŮˣôܽܣοŮ˶֮
ôܡô˵㶼ܴ⣬ȻҾ㡣ˮֱ˵
첻ôģǽսսǰĴڣͨǿǸˣȻҲŮˣȻô𻹲Ů˲࣬һֱûղܵŮӡ
һˣȻǲģ˵Ů赣ĺˮ˹ϵҲ뷨ȡľˣĶѵŮǲġ
֪ûгףҲ֪ǵôϲǣҪ˵
ˮŭˣԼ˵ԼŮˣҪԼʱǰһⲻ˵ˣȴ˵ҽôͷ
ҾӮҲһһ׷ǣϲǡִŵ˵
ǾӮ˵ɣ˲򣬻ܲҵġˮ˵ֱȥֱӾһֱȭ
ͨȭ
ˮڵͨȭҲѰͨȭˮȭȭԵУȴǿеȭ
ͨһɫȫ쵽첲ϣֱһֱȭȥ
ӰһֱһȭˮһȭôΧһУȭͷˮȥ
ˮûкֱһȭϣˮӰˣ˿δˣķ͹ֲˣϺκ˺
֣
ž
ˮȭˮ粻Ŷʵϲ࣬ĶûˮĿֲ
ֱӱˮһǰĺˣˮǲˣӰֱӹȥֱһȭıϡ
ǿɺУѪ˫ɬҲǺ
֣
ֱӺһ쵲סˮĹסҲûӵУٴνݵѣΣʱˮʵһȭ̫Ѩϡ
һֱӼ۸ɣҳӻңۻңͷޱȣˮȻʵǺֲܿ
ˮһֱսƿѾﵽһֲĳ̶ȣȻرĿֲǿķȴѾվסţڱĵɳȥ
ˮ԰Լӳ󣬶ҹпԴﵽһӷɽţЧ
ϼѣεֱӽĺ޻֮
أ
ץסӰȻοգһԽɫľ޴Ӱ󣬲ʱǱ˧ԴͷһűѪʱǱޱȡ
ܶ˶￴ţǰʱ䣬콫ܶսܣȴǱˮɴıףܶ˴ʱǺܿģСӳǿˣ´Ĺˬɡ
ʱϵϢˣ˫ȭտˮôԴҲҪ
˵޴˫ȻһӣʱذӰһһӳȥһȭ·ըһ֡
ˮһ
ѹ
ɽֱӳˮϿգˮһ죬һ޴Ľɫӡ̽ѹھɽֱȻ¡
䣡
һ޴ĽӣһȺ·ֱӱ
üͷһšһһֻɫĴô󣬽ɫʱչɳա
ˮһȶ˭˭
ֱһɫĶǿ˺ܶ࣬һͷ޴Ļ֣ܳգǽ¡
޴УܷĺС

޴˫һģ޴ӰӰצŻ˺Ѷȥ
һȭȺĻɫ֮޴˫צȥ
ԣ
ٴδʢⳬ˿е̫һУʧˣصĶвҲҪˡ
࣬ɫǿ󣬻ֲܱʵеһֱӾ˽ˡ


2276 ǰ
һУһоͰǸĵʧˣʱɫ԰ף֮Ĳࡣ
ˮûм֮˵ˣ
׵ˣûκ˵⼸ֻǿɬޱȣˮӦò£һֱΪͬǾԵ̳޵еĴڣûıܡ
ʱ͵ԴҪǱжǱ֮ǰ˧ģʵûñȡ
Ҿ˵˧𣬲ߵˣǲ˧ˮЦ˵
ʱˮȴǱ˧Ķˣ˧˱ͷҲͲ˧ˡ
ĿˮܿģǿˣˣϲڵλӣĻΪųΪ
ôʲô˵𣿡ˮЦ
ûУԺ𣿡쿴ˮʵ
ͿԼˣҪȻˣ룬Ҳǿ㣬Ҿֵܽã㲻ܴǵ⣬ȻǴҲܳɹֻǲϲˮЦ˵
Ҽ֪ô鲻Ǻܸߡ
ǺǣãǾʽˮĵ˵
һЩʵѪҲ׳˲٣Ͼһļ˶ʵر죬ˮƺѣ컹Ǻǿģֻˮڸǿѡ
ˮ治׷ŮֻҪñֶξͲõģοŮҲбǱֶҲܣǳ׹ʲôģʥʯָȡ
ˮҲ첢С˼թ֮ԼģҲΪʲôǵԭ
ˮǰ
Դػ֮󣬺ʵҲ׳ⱱѾǾްԵĴڣɢǿ߼뺣
ʽģºӡõػٵϿɣһǿı⣬бϡ
һ븽ˮ͸ܵػٵϢƺǿˣϾˣػʵѸꡣ
һ޵СˣСźɫ·ںڵͷɵɢţ˲Сͣˮܺ棬Ȼɻ
⣡
ˮȻСһԼ庮ҷĺӣʱ庮ҷ˳ˮĵĺˮ
£˫һۣƺôһ㵭ķʣá
ס˹
ˮֱӽ庮ҷⱧҷ
ʲôʱģþûмˡ庮ҷĵ˵
ˡˮЦĶͷҲСһ
СһһֱˮҲûпܣе֡
׵ˡ庮ҷЦźСһ˵
ڻСûˮϲϾСӱ仯ܴ
Сһſĵ˵
ţöӣ츳Ȼû˵ˮĵ˵Ѿܵ츳;ʣµĺױȣ츳ʵǿǵһμ
ˮҲܶˣ޵˲ҲرĶ࣬⻹ǲ˲١
оȡֻǶˣǿ޷赲ģϣпģҪǿʵľʧȥ˱ġ
˵ѧʲôã庮ҷ뵽ʵ
ỵ́ǵĴУѣʱԼҪʶֺ˵ĵˮЦ
Ǻãһʦء庮ҷĵ˵
ʦţڸˣҪĻĵһʦһЩ֮ǵĵҲͷḻˣʱǲתġˮһҲΪ
庮ҷҲ⣬ƺˮӰӣСһˮĺաһ
ܿˮһҶ㡣
һ˫µòͳʡ㷢߸İС
˵ĳף粻ʳ̻ӣ޳Ľ屻ʵµȴβס͵
ӵߣ֮һ̫֮һ̫̣ǡô͹˸оЩ˶غͷ˶βŮײͣͦκͺͻԲǡô鲻ӷס
貨ȵӣ˳˸оһľȲĸо
ѾǸСˣŮˮĵĽеף
ˮûڳ˲٣һˮ⼸ŮԼǡ趼ڣ۳ȼŮҲҲһˡ
ػ٣İȫܸߣˮĲŮ˶еѾȥ֮ǰţҵʵ˽档
ܽˮ﷽㣬ˮҶᵽǱܸо½ϣûаҰ


2277 ػٵĸ裬ƽ
ŵҲڣˮǣˮܾеǷŮˣû棬оԼ׵ĺܲϸ

ŵˮеĽе
Ů˵Ϥһ㣬۳Ůɼû棬СһЩССѾһȾ͵۳峺еİ
ˮŵԴֶǰ
һֻЦСôˣ˭ôɶߵҸ
ûУͻȻе㲻ϰߡ˵
ûЦ˵ȥĻҲᣬȴˮһ㶣ŮԼǺܿģҲ֪ԼײϸⲻŮҲ
Ѿͷ㲻˵һֱˣôҲ۳ҲɵһֻЦһ˿ģŮСرĹ°
ҽвסƲƲ졣
ˣͺˣߣʲô³ˮһһѾͷǰߡ
ģɶһˮǸøףܿͻõģİɣ˵
֪۳ЦЦŮԶôĳ裬СӾܶࡣ
ʵˮоãûô𷣹ЩСӣСҲ˵ôڼңҲ˶ãԻϴѵЩӣ񵱳ڤ
ڤӹŹ֣а棬˵кѹ̵ܽģǿӲĲУûҲУ͸У¸¥Ĵ٣⺢ӾͲ£ģʱ÷ŭ¸¥ЦЦãԶδһͲˣûˡ
ˮҲûдڣֻҪˣһЩϲĶˮĺܶ࣬СʵһֱˮɴӢۣÿ׶ǺеĴӢۣܵġ
ˮҲȷʵˡ
񡭡
ˮЩ͸оرãʱܿ죬ڤҲˣҪչӥ
ʱڳæһҶ֡
ɶеƧҪһҶ˵
ţġˮЦѸٵŷˣ˲ٵСһĶЩϾǳԣԳ𷹲˸óԣοˮġ
ܿһʢķˣȻС֮Ҳкܶ࣬С߲ҲģǰЩ̡ʲôȻǿûˣеơ
СȻԵĺܿģɶҲǳ˲٣ʳջǾ޴ģοСѾͷǺӣˮСѾͷһرµСԡ
ƫİŵ
ҲоЦ˵
ЦſżСһ˵ź˼
극ˮǺܶණУҲУǸСһ̱ԪǴȭʲôģȫϴ跥һΡ
ûˮȥ˺棬ȥѪ١
Ѫģûʲô̫ı仯ҲǺܴ󣬵ǻѪɫһرĸоɢɣ֪˸޷֪һޱǿػ١
ܿ죡
ˮѪٵȿˡ
֪ڵʵܲܽݾ򣿡ˮʵ
ԽеĸʣµòҪȥѪͣһ˵
ãҾڵȵȣ
ˮ⺣סϱž˼伫֣ǺͶŮ֮֡
ɶ˭ˮкóԵģкģпѧϰսɣܣʱСѾͷˮϣĵĲС
СԿҲȻģ۳ŮڵҲǺܿģǸо̫ˣΪСѾͷҪʲôˮ㣬ȻЩҪûҪϵҲûϵժ
ס£ˮ׼ߵʱػٸǡ
һ£㶫ػһѪˮȻʮѪɫҺˮ󴦣ȻУˮ񱩵궯
֣ȻˮŶ˽ɫ
ҿѾˣȴû뵽ͻ֮뿪ͻʧػʱ˵
ˮлһʵٴ˲٣Ѿ߸ɫˣǽɫģˮﵽʮ磬ô׵ģŵȾŸȫɫȫɹٿǽ顣
ˮ뿪ʮǸ߲뿪ʮǲ˭뿪ܿˮԣϾԼѾӵ߸ɫڴ½ҲǾԵķëǵġ
ǱѪ٣ˮٴλصˮҲ̫ɹ֮ϣħţڵħӦҪʵݾ
ڱʲôҲһЩС̫ɹѾоĸڵ˵Ƿƽ˾ûа˿


2278 27ȥݾ
ˮ֪Լⱱͣ˶ˣʱҲǰݾ
žݾŸ򣬴ʳסУҽȣֻǾŸ棬ղּң߿ҽʵߵȵķ档
ʾУǸ磬Բĸ벻䣬˵䷴УΪκȥǱ䣬ǰᡣ
ǱϣǰһЩΪʩ
䣬ܱ֤˳չ
̨Ѿȥ˾ϴԼӦþǰɣˮ룬˦˦ͷˮѾ֪ԼΪʲôҪݾˡ
ѵΪ̨գ
ڵˮû̫ǣˣܶҲ˷ˣʲô֪ģһҪ˵һģǾ̨ճֵʡ
̨ѾԼˣһѾ˽ˮеǷݵҲˣֹ׷۷岢ˮԸ
һʱˮЩĬħźעһһսħջ̨УԼܲƿذڵ
ԼȴҪԣеŹ֣ôҲû뵽Ȼпܷ顣
ˮɾУŰٱ䣬ΪٴˣĵĿǰջ
ٱ㿪
ʱǰʱ࣬ȴǺܲ
ʵٿţǱܵٿţɳٿţݷ˰ٸ˰ٸΪʮţʯһţʯһţٶȷʯһţָʯһţʯһţʯһţԷʯһţܷʯһţӰٷְ˵ԣٻʯţտӾ
ˮĲʱõЩʵʲôĶʮţٿţû֮ǰÿ֮ӵĶˣֵҩҲˣٲǺں
ݷҲӵĲ࣬ٸ
һ㣬ɽҪݷٸʱļˮڿĽ
ʵٿţǱܵٿţɳٿţݷ˰ٸ˰ٸΪʮţ߼ʯһţ߼ʯһţ߼ٶȷʯһţ߼ָʯһţ߼ʯһţ߼ʯһţ߼Էʯһţ߼ܷʯһţӰٷ־ŵԣٻʯţտӾ
İٱ佱˷ʯһĽȫһˮڲģֻϣɽҪݷҲˡ
ˮֱ弶ٱʱѾ˶ʮÿҪݷٵһɻǣˮ̤ʵ˲١
ڵɽѾ൱ֲˡ
ǽɽ
ʮ߼
üгԱܵ˺һɣҲǰٷ֮ʮս
ٷֶʮߵĻָٶȣʮйʮзʮĶ˺ٶܵʮ˺ټܵ˺ٷ֮ʮߡ
ӡǶʯ
Ӱٷ֮ţӰٷ֮ţӰٷ֮ţָӰٷ֮ţӰٷ֮ţٶӰٷ֮ţӰٷ֮ţӰٷ֮š
ѾٻʯˣˮûʹãҲûգ֪Ϊʲô漰ˮԶ֮ƺǺѲϵһֱûʹá
Ѿ߸ɫػٰɽɫҲϣˮʵٴǿ˺ܶࡣ
ˮʵ1100Ĺ11000ˮķǹ6ҵĹ4ķ
2ɵķˮķﵽ13300
񵲱1100ĸˮ൱14400ķ
ˮɽԵ54˺54зˮķﵽ14450
ɽĹ͹ֳˣﵽ5500
Żǿʵˮֲ̤ʵҪɽļѾﵽ˰ٷʮߣһɼ˺ٷֶʮߣҪٷʮߵ˺ǿԼӳֵԼһϡ
֮ԵޱȣԵļĿɵʵһ£ѾöԷ˺һ뻹һ㣬һֶôĴڣοˮڵķ졣
ݾˮڲ֪ԼǲҲùȥոˡ
ػٲ֪Ƿ֪Լο֮ǰʵһʱԼʵ֮ܶ࣬ǰ˵Լȥе򣬲֪ȥ
˵ڲ֪ҪҪȥ
оԼʺҲоԼǸϸĵˮȥѻϾԷһѣܶǱԼҪ͸Ķࡣ


2279 ǺǾһ
ǰʺϽݾ𣿡ˮѻ֮ûжʱ˳
֪ݾһǸ𣿡ѻʵ
ˮһ㶣⻹治֪֮ǰû⣬ڨЦǰ֪
ݾҲھݴ½ϣǰҪһֻдﵽܽ룬ȻԭסﲻҲݾһǾǺԼǺƽеһƬ嫵Ĵ½ھǺ򡣡ѻ˵
ˮٴˣû뵽ǿľǺȻֻǵһȷʵϣǾеһҲ֮һȻȣҲܿġ
Ǻǵһ򣬽еֻܴӾǺ룬Ǻ½ʱС򱱺Զ㿴һŵʱ͵˾ǺڣžͿԽ룬ͱʾѾ˾Ǻ򡣡ѻ˵
ˮȻһЩµƺ粻Ҳܳʵ˾绹бİ취𣿡
У紫󣬻һЩӡѻ˵
һ˵ӣˮ뵽˴Լһӣ˵ǽǺõģæó𣿡
ԣǿߵӡǣԵһѹҲô˲䣬ÿԹȥǵƾ̡ѻ͵
©٣֪˾еһûʱȥĻȥǺڱ˾Ǻ˵
ķչǺܿģһҲˮڰʱ䶼ϣ֮ǰûбôڱĶŮƺҲûʲôȤˡ
ʵҲɽս񣬽ս񣬽Ӧս;ս
ˮųԪֻʨŸԴǿˣǴľͷʨֻͷᣬܲҲһΣսʵõ޴Ͼʵı
սڵʵҲ˾޴ı仯ˮ֮ǰΣѾĴﵽ˽߳ɣ֮ǰʹõҲɣĴʹð˳ɵ壬ҵڽһˡ
˾սҲǿޱȣʵ˿ֲླҲõͻƣѾˣǰɽսҲǲ£սᣬ绹Ա
ˮ뵽ħŻڱ򣬽Ӧò࣬ħţ̲һЩħţڱħŻħţһֵ꣬ͻ
ˮҲ˶ˣΪҲҪˣˮʱҪúõĽչһ£ȻһЩʣµĽΪ֧š
ͨˮˣںˮߣڱѾߴڣڽǺӦҲᣬӦʱҩƳһЩ
ɾУˮǰ棬ֻڶѾ꣬ʱ䣬ɾȴѳ꣬Ͼ൱ǧ֮ˣǵԪӰ죬ǰʱġ
ǵɾб״С׳սʱԴﵽף⼸ֻ綾ޱȣǵģĸǿ
汾ǿٶҲֲľǾ綾ˮɽЩһʵԸӿֲֻҲˮһɱ
ˮºǺ׼Ů졢ս񡢾ս񡢰ǹսԼǸߵǸҹԼҲͰ˸ˡ
׼ֻ棬ͨˣ﷢չλӸͨ
ɽսģֻܣǼԸʺϣˮûǿֻǸǣҪأȶˣȥԹȥ
ˮǵ̫ˣˮĻȻţˮģõĻرȻҲģοЩнĳɾҲˮġ
ֻͨڴҲе㲹ֵܣͨ忪ʼҪˮ˵ǣǿ棬ͷˣҲ
ͻȻ뵽Ʈ鿾ƣ뵽ǸѸ壬[ѾƷԼ˵ԼƳҪѾˣѾǧ꣬ҲǸã˼رĲϡ
뵽ҪȥǺˮȥһˣԺͿԲˡ
ڶˮǰ̫򣬾ħɽ࣬ȥһҲҪ죬û£ȻʱºȥǺ򣬵׼ȷʱҲûʲôοˮ׼һңôʱҪƳ١
̫ˣˮ֪ҪҪȥ̫٣ô˵ڹϵҲ㲻ĶӶԼĸɶˡ


2280 ȥ̫ɹƮ
ȥˮȥ̫ɹ̫ˮȥ̫ˣҲôһʱ䡣
̫ɹ˭Ȼףұд
ûжˮ̫ޱѸٵķɱˮĵܱۣȻң̫ˣˡ
ˮſŵ̫٣ﻹǺܿĵģ֪ΪʲôҲ竵ĴˮоᣬЦһ£ôθڱˣ˸Ȥˡ
ȥٶģߣȺȾȥ̫ٿĵˮСԺȥ
ˮȥһ̫ٵĸףһЩƣ̫幬ȻޱȣȻź̫ȥׯ԰
̫һˮĵĽе常
ˮݰף֮ǰ˲٣ѾǸСˡ
ˮĵԴСһﳤ˲١
常ҵĶڿһЩʱˣ޷ͻơ̫һѧ츳ߣֿ̿࣬ѾһУ̫Խ̵
һ飬ҿˮЦ˵
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̫һ̫ȭһˮҲǺܾȣСѾ֪֮ҪǷľƽȣѵõġ
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ˮͬҲֱ̫ӭȥõ̫һ൱ٶҲһϿ˵ȫһΨһĲǾˡ
žһ˫ƿ̫һϾһȻӰһ̫Ѹٵɨˮ
ˮǲУˮʵڸ̫һιС
̫һȫſȻܶαˮ͵غ«һ̫һϲԴôǿҪõȫһ
СһȻСִ֣ˤҪǿԴÿˤѧһЩͬһطˤ
һֱʱ̫һſĵ˵лл常ͨˣͻˣоöණһӶͨˡ
ˮóһЩԪڵҪṉ̀ԪøıʵòҪҩ
ϵܣǲʲô飿Ҳ²¡
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ã˵Ҫ㻰̫۾һ˵
ȻĺˣҲȥҲܰȥĺˡˮ뵽̫һСһｫɾҲǲΪȻѵһĵ壬ҲˮΪʲô̫̫̺ǿĵ֮塣
̫۾һˮ˵ĻỳɣҾţ˷ޱȣˮֺ󱭣źˮһƮǰ
ĽֵǺܷƮǰ壬һˮرĸоǺоܹĲ񻰵ŮʱԽĸо
ηȴ˿ӷףرͦεţ·߸ߵĳк֮ǼͦرгС
ĸ޳ԽԵøֱ޳˫ȣǸٸʵҲ㲻ٸΪûüԲ
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ֱͦںڵĳ򵥵ţ͸¶һ֪ԵϢ
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ޱȣȴܹǣָоޱȵĹ죬ȴôŹֵĽһ𣬲ۻ˻ǣԲλ࣬ܶģǸоԼ䡣


2281 Ѹأؼ
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ˮˮε壬˷գˮʲôҲ˵ֱӻǽϵ飬ŮӵסʲôҲû˵ֱӽܵĽһ


2282 ػ޽֮
֮ҹ˹һıסˮתĽϵĳˮĶС
ˮ壬ǷԲϵĸҹ˹ط֣֮ͷˮĵüĿ续ʱɬĿˮǿƻϴʱɫֱˮһĳ̡
һҹ˹еһҶߺͣƶˣתʱʱͣӭˮ
ˮٴνϿֵ۷壬ԼҲﵽ۷塣
ˮҺ㣡
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ʱˮ̱࣬ȫˮţʱ˵廷ӽһǺС죺С裬Ҳ㡣
ҹ˹ˮ̨诵ʦϲˮС裬ǸׯķŮˣʱȴСŮһˮ
ҹ˹ʵȥˮֱʹͿ˲ҵˮҲûҹˮΪҪػңˮĸĸ
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ػңˣҲġˮЦ˵
˵Ҳ࣬ҺܿģҲҵļҡҹ˹ˮһۣƯ
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ˮȥǻЦҵġҹ˹費˼˵
ʲôЦģ춼һˣҸоˮҲ·ҹ˹˳ȥ
֪ˮȻܿģҹ˹ı仯ûж˹עˮĸףôƯֱӿĵܹȥס
ˮͷĵĿԼĶӣСӣһôʱҲ
ˮǺЦŷĸף֣֪ҲֻһʱıԹⲻͳջˡ
ˮ׺£¸¥ˡ
ף
ˮһںǣѾˣѡڤաơˣ𼸸˶Ѿ۾ˣȹ̣ʵȶ
ˮѣûڼҡ
ֻһСŮѾˣƯֻǲܿ˵øԺʹҽûκ⣬Ҳ֪Լģ֣ܿ˶Ƕס
ѵĸ¸¥ڣҲˮСģοһμˮӲоԼġ
ûСˮԴѾɸˣϾСһ㣬ۣҲҪˡ
룡ĵ˵ţˮĲӡ
һѾͺôһȥˣˮȻҪǴЩȻ˶УһŪ˺ܶƷָǣǺö
ˮ׼ǰģ뻹ˣҺܶ˵ʵ̫Сĸһ⹫ڱ仯ˣ뿪ҲԸ⣬ѾϤˡ
ˮ뵽ó׼õʽ𵤣⹫ĸ׻о˾˾ĸ˶뵽ʾ磬ǺܿģˮְϴǣȻΪȴǿʰӽ
ˮ˵⹫ĸ׵˵ʵѾҪҪ彡Ԫá
޺ܿģмүӣûºȺȲ裬ȵƣˮǺܶ࣬ⶼ򲻵Ķޱȡ
Ҳһٶ꣬ȴǺ棬İҲˮκˣˣٵԪû⣬ǸоҸŮȫҲȫҳɾԽԽߣԶԶʤһ⻹ʲôġ
ˮȡȫÿһ˵ľѪȻгһֻ棬ڣһֿػ޵ķʽˮһλҪΪŪһֻػޡ
๻ˣˮΪ˼ҹ˹ĸЩǷ˲ģˮһֻ
׺һֻʵֻϳΪػ޵һֻֻˣ㹻ˣοػֵʵǿܶ࣬Ϊһʵҹˣᱻƺܶ࣬Ҳõܶ࣬ÿһֻΪػ޵Ĵڶõ޴
ˣҹ˹Ͳ׺µʵˮҲΪһ㣬ȥĻҲȥ֮ǰʱҹ˹û뿪Χ֮⡣


2283 ѵĻ£̽
ҹ˹Ͳ׺Ҳûд뿪˵ȥѾϰǵ˱ĵطҲˮһǾǶνˣѾϰˡ
ˮԺȶȶ֮ʱԴһȫԲˡ
ʱԬճȥ˿ˣһֱûлֱڲŻˮԬգһܹסˮʲôʱġ
ûã
ˮŮͷֱͦǡ
֪ˮѾһˣ¸¥ˮķ䣬磬ˮŻطûжã֮ǰڽ̵ˡ
ˮ
ˮ¸¥ԼϣЦ֪е£˵
ˮ¸¥е㲻˼ҲϷˣȻᣬϾҲôˣϲļ˵ϲˣķҡ
ˮû˵ң˵ʲôңֻҪƷԲԲƽϣѾͷϲͺá
ֻǸС壬Ǹ굹ǺܲҲǲԸܺãʱһǿôһ㣬עûʲôɾ͡¸¥˵
ˮû˵Ů츳ҲֻǾѣҲ߲˶ԶˮͷߵԽԶԽΣգȫͷôġ
ġ
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ˮʵʼое㲻Ūô˵ŮڿԼŮ˺ΪǣԼһ֮ŮĻһ㶼Լ
˼Ҳ֪ô£һöŮҪǺѾͷ̸̸ɡˮЦ
ţ¸¥ĵЦ
컹ֱȥѵׯԺһ΢һ㶼ԼĶСԺ
ˮ¸¥һˣһ֪ʲô飬ĵˮ¸¥ȥ䡣
ѵ䲻ΪߵҲˣ𼶱ߣԺͻƣҪܾõʱ䡣
Ѹˮ¸¥м䣬һŵģгɳ
ĸ˵Ѿͷˣϲˣʲôʱǿ
ˮЦ˵
̲סһףʲôˡ
еûףŵԣرŮӼˣŸߴޣѺƯԵĴŮϾ¸¥ĻԸ޲˼ҡ
ˮѵȻ֪ĺܶ࣬գǰҲһļ壬ֻҪϲƷв
ĵĿˮģҾ֪ˡ
ôҸԤĻ¡ˮЦˡ
Ů˴󲿷ֶǱɹߣģҲˡ
ǲҪǵļҲŮҸԶᡣˮԴ
䣡
Һ˵ʱһһˣӣҲóɻˡ
ˮЦ
һͷӦһ
ˮĸ˵ˣȻˮ뿪֮ǰˣѺǸСһʱˣҲ̸ۼ޵ĳ̶ˣֻˮһֱûлԾôһֱţһҪˮżޡ
ˮ˷ҵСӣҵСˣĸĸֻǸͨ˼ңҲǸ㻧Ǽ嶼㲻ϣֽСзѡ
ѵĸ׵ֽѵĸ϶
Ǹһ˼ңˮ˷ѵʱҲǺ棬һֻǲӣüëŨеӢ峺ִţʵǻ۷壬ͻơ
ǵĸĸҪˮһЩΪ۷壬ˮˣļͥʵˣѾܲˡ
Ѽǰˮ
̣
ˮоҵģѵĸĸҲǹˮкļͥǰ̫Сˡ
顣ˮº͵к
ʲҲе㲻ȻеѾ׼ˣ׼ñ䳰ЦˣϾκ֪оǷǾԵʸ֦ûʲôϣġ
ϲѣҲϲоǼĸҲҪһˣǲܳҲҪԣŬˣϾЩ鲻Լôôġ
ен
ˮ¸¥ˣ˲ûˮ·ѹ
зѣˮЦ
ǵģǰѸоҪˡ
ϲǼѣˮʵ
ţϲǰܳȫǡ˵
ɣȢҵŮġˮ˵
ǰԸ˵
֪жϲѣɣһ첲ҾͰѼ޸㡣ˮ˵
һ·ﰲޱȣҪ˵¸¥סѵĸĸɫˣɫҲе㲻Ȼȴǿˮʱܼҡ


2284 ҲǱ˵ˡ
ˮɫ棬ûΪǿЦҲоġ

˵һ˿ʹࡣ
ˮϷЦøˡ
㲻ϲǼѾͷΪϲ˿Ҫ𡣡
ˮЦ
û˻ʲôϲ໥ϲˣǿΪԷȥģΪѾԿȥʲôΣգҾԿԲκΣյȥҲܿĵģûûбҪôһ첲ҲѹҲѹ
˵
ˮȷǿ̫ˣⷬȷʵǷڸͷЦˣˣˣͬǵĻ£Ҵһ²Ҫ뿪뿪֮ǰΪ顣
ѲŵĿˮǰ
ôԸ⣿
ˮʵ
ǣԸ⡭ǰ
ǰ
ˮЦˡ
ˣ
ǰ˸ĵĽе
ˮһ㶣û뵽ԼҲǱ˵ˡ
ˣǶӰɣɣȻˣҲСɣ
ˮϵ˼£ѹ˼£ܻƽֱͣ۷ܾõıͻˣΪߡ
۷֮һ޴ĺ蹵ߵﶼǻᱻ࿴ģߵԪٴʼԪ࣬ûʲô仯
ǰͻҲҵʱ䣬ѲŵĿˮԼζͻƵ𣬵֪Ⱳͻϣ󣬼︸ĸҲ۷壬ﵽ۷Ѿʤˡ
ڶԷֻĳ־ѾıԼһǴҵĵ̣ǿߵ
֮ĵл
ˮǳ緹֮뿪֮Ƕ˰º󣬷ұϾҲߣ۷壬ʵȻǺܸߣм׷Ҳʲô¡
ӾҲǺԶѾȷ˻鷿λá
ﲻɽ¶ˮ΢ǿʵ֪ʵȻûʲôҰģʵȴǿġ
翪ʼֻǷĶǷҵѡ
ҼŮûҪͷʲôͷʵ̫ҲνˣһҲֻ֪һЩõѣûôš
ӹúܿ죬֪ѾѴӣŵƽʵׯ԰һϲ졣
ʱ֣һӳ޳飬Щ޳޶ѩɫݻ룬رƯмһǻϵǻ֦ɫӱЦһţȴƯġ
һ߽ңΪ׵Ƿѣɫɷһʻϲ߽ң߻вˣǷǱߵˡ
űʽס
ȻѣҴ󲿷ҲҪȥϾڷҾС
ҲǸ˷ҵӣΪһ㶼Ϸ׸ŮϾ̫ˡ
˳мһǷݵǿһ½˷ңЩȻǷģҲ벻ˮҲû롣
ҲףΪЩǰвֱǺͷ˵ģƽʱЩ˿ǿϷļ嶼㲻ϵĴڣһһϵܽеġ
ϲ£ֲЦˣοҲûл
ææµµһȥˣһҲʼˣˮһѾɼˣ౴ɼҵġ
Ѵһ㣬ĳɾͲʱɲ˼ңûʲô̫ı˺ʵĿԳɼˣһ㲻ɼӰ
¸¥ѣ˵ʲôˮ֪ĸ׵ģʱ򶼻Ů˵ЩʲôˮҲ˵ˣ仰ܼ򵥣˼ίҪ˭ʰ
ѿģиĸ׺Ҹ
ѻҸѺ֮ϾãûʲôСƢڷҺܱϲҲԶԺӻģͷѸճɻ󲿷ʱ䶼סׯ԰ġ
ˮ뿪ʱˣȻᣬҪ뿪ģǿػޣҹ˹Ͳ׺¶һֻ棬㹻ˣˮԳ׷ġ
Ǳ֮ˮֱʩչ塣
һ·ʹþиϵ
͵ƻʱ࣬һ¡
صʱ׼ˣˮ
һˮǺܿģѾʧ˳죬̫࣬һ֪ˮܶ飬ĽҲĽ⿪ˡ
ûжȥһκɽѻػޣһǺһˣиʲô⣬Ҳֱܵ޴Ӱ죬
ѻϣǿʱˮǴߣҲǿ󣬶ϣԶˮǲ֧֡
ˮһ뿪ͨһֱˮԶ
ͨҲ꣬һ治֪ʲôʱҪŬʵ


2285 ִ򣬻ǣ̼
ǰˮһֱΪǺǺھ¸·˾Ǻ֪֮ԭ½غͺ϶ռһ룬Ǻ½رֳ˾ſ飬ƺӦ˾ŸݣǾͽǺǾǺ
һˮͷŨ࣬ɾ챦˵ĳɾͿԺܸߣҲռƣԽ˵Խ֡
ڽֻǾеĵһҲǾͼģˮ֪ͣ˶ã֮ǰѻ˵Լȥĸ˵ʱԼʵĸҲҲһʵ
ԼʵҲ˲٣ﲻ̫ͣʱ䣬Ǵ½ҲʢĵطĴڣ˵ԽӴԶŵĴڡ
ԶʱǸ˵ԿԶŴڵĶ˵ˣϷţԶʱǿĴڣҲкܶԶŴУϵҺš
ˣﻹǻ֮أϾڣǺ򣬽֮濴һͷҲûпǳصĴڡ
ֱʩչУ
һδӸ߿¿Ѿ˳ǳأϾһҲǰԶ붼ܱȵġ
ȥ
ˮ˵һͷȥ
ĳǳرǰĳǳؿԹׯϣرĽʵҲܸߴҪִĸо֮ǰĳǳûеģⲻǽķ񣬶ʷ𣬵̡
һεĻָоˮдв⣬ﲻҲ⣬ֻҪǱ˵һоͱĵطһ
˺ܶ࣬е˴ݻ·е˴ʿܼ򵥣ĽֵϷɱ޳ҲǵǴ͵ݡ
ޱȡ
ˮһмϴ֣ǾǺбԵĳǳأھǺеľݵĴ㡣
Ȼ˵Ǻ½˾ſ飬ÿһ鶼Ǿ޴ޱȣÿһǰĵ֪˶ٱ·ܵĳһзɵĶҲһһ
и꣬ȥԵ㶫ɣЩʲô
ˮ˵
ã
ҷ겻Сģֵܴ꣬ǺҲ֪Ǹֻ
濴ܹϣװȴǼݻ̻Իͣ⻬ĵ涼ڴʯɵģЩʯͷǱʯӲĶ࣬ҲÿĶࡣ
Ҳǹ⻬ʯȴرĺÿǻľΣһЩޣвʧ
ˮܸоҷҲ򵥣ˮ뵽˾ݷ֪꣬ҷ;ʳûйϵ
ʵݾв˵κη궼;ʳйϵģйϵ̫ˣϴηڱ飬Ǽʳˮʳס
߽ȥˮſ˼£иƯŮ˹Ʒ˹Цˮһ˵λ룡
ŮӴˮһ߽¥涼ˣҲдˣʱԷʱ仹еʱģŮóһˮ˵ˡ
Ǵʲôطˮһߵһʵ
λǸյİɣŮЦ˵
ŮȻǸԱˮҲʵӦҲǸС£Աɫʶǿ˺ܶࡣ
ǵģˮ򵥵˵֡
Ů֪ԼǺʺϸϽ˵ǴĻǡ
ʵʲôԷǸԱԷʱԽԽԽԽ࣬ˮ졣
ȻʱûʣɣΧܶˣĵβΧ˿еСݵˣҲ٣ϾԶٷˡ
һ᷹˶ˣˮķ˿ɲ٣ϾһоŸ˵ġ
úܾɢζҲˣЩʳĲʺܲĳʦҲȻҲôĻ
˵û̼һҹ֮䱻նɱʱˮһԶһһ˵Ǻܴ󣬵Ҳòͦ
˵ˣ̼ҿǻǵĴ壬ôǿȻһҹ֮ʧˣ˿ֻţҲ֪ʲôáһ˽ӻ
λϸ磬Ҳ˵ˡ֮ǰǸ˵
ǰҼҾ̼Ҳ͸һ֣󶼺£һ쵹ҲһЩǺܼң𣬼д趼ģ˭ں˭֪ϲ̼ҵѪ֮űֵģֱ̼ϵٿ˾ôûˣջ޵ļ壬ȴѾʧˡ
һʱ仰ܳƣǶ۲̼Σȴû²˭ģ̼ûˣڵǿ˵˵̼ˣı
̼ʮӵһʼʵһһˣرһ˵̼еĲɫĵȥϷС㣬ֱӱ֫
ЩŮûһǧҲа˰١
ˮЦЦ˾̼ʱǽһٸҲ˵ȴǿԺ޹˼ɵ˵ˡ


2286 ꣬
ˮ֪ʲô̼ңҲ֪ʲôң̼ƺǿ󣬵ǿĲ̼ӵܱ˴֫˵ʲôǾ˵ұȲ̼ҵĵ̸ǿ
ʵ˵л治ʲôҵǸӵܲŽֻǲһԶš
˽ӿڡ
ӿǸӣһ˵꣬˵СֵЩǲҪ˵ĺãǻ
ҺǿôûãǸǻǸ΢õĶ𣬲ҵһʲôҲҪţҲҪ̼һš
ˮʱĿˣϾ仰ò֪һ鷳ȻǰǲҪǿˡ
˺ᣬˮӦûҪһ㣬һصϢе£ʵˮһȻ[ʵ£ʵˮرľȡ
ؾǿļţûзĵ̣ǿҲѴﵽ̶ȡ
һ֮ǰЩ˶˵ˣӿڳǺ޲øϽ뿪ﰵ֪ߵغСӣǰ
ǻܴܲù㡣
ˮʱЦ
ңǻʲôģûȤֻƯ
Ц
ţôҲǸ
ˮһЦˡ
ң㻹ǵһ˵ģҲԼʲôˣһлĵ¹ҴӲ۸ˣ˷Ҫ󡣡
һЦ
֪ԼǺ˵
ˮ˵
ףСӻͦ˼ģԱߵλʲôˣ
˾Ǽ˺ͱҲûжôʧ̬еľ޻Ǵڵģ峺ûʲô̰
ҵŮˣ˵㻹˵ǣôоЩҲһ·ɫ
ˮ˵
һģҪǺһ·ɫˡ
˺˵
ҸоǲʵĻһˣең費±˵ʲôСˣ競棬еɵеӵе˵ҲϲƷһױһףϲл˻ҲҪñΪǺˣҪжϲԼǱ̬
ˮЦſӡ
ӹŹֵĿˮС˵Ҳԣ治˵ˡ
û˵ǰֻ˵Ѿʼˣȥ꣬ʮҪΪˡ
ˮЦˡ
˲ͷϵĺ飺㻹˵ƺôһĻΪ𣿡
֪鲻˵Ĳûв´ӦñŮ˺廹ϵˣĿи񣬰ˣӦҲͻˡ
ˮ豭ȿ衣
ˣ֮ǰðԭ£ҽ䣬ԽС塣
æվ˵
еֻԼ֪Ǽ˶֪ʮǰˣʱϲһŮˣŮ˲ϲǸŮ˳ɻˣɲһŭ֮ɱˣڶһ졣
ɱ˾ͺˣûַŮˣϲ֪Ů˽¥˾ɷ֪絶һŭֱ֮ӰǸ¥ˣ˯Ů˵Ҳɱ˺ü
˿ŮˣҴо˸ĽᣬôҲⲻʲôʱܵҪ
ʱ䣬Ϊᵭˣ·ħһÿζε¥һҸš
ǰ֪ô⿪
ӻعˮ̡
Ҳ֪㷢ʲô飬ӦǲָܻˣҸоֻܳв鿴Լˡ
ˮЦ
УţԼŪһ첲һȣ֪ܸܲԭ

ļӦÿԣ㲻ܣҲңһһͣһʱ䡣
ˮЦˡ
ڶˮŲɣ˵Ĺлǰǰ˿ȥңʱúøлһ¡
ãлĻȥġ
ˮ˵
뿪ˣˮʱ䣬ѯˮг̣ʱҵ
극ˮһҲ뿪ҪϤһطҪʱ䣬ԵҸطסׯ԰ˣ⻪ס˶á
ͻȻһƬݻׯ԰ƺе壬һѪҲ˾˶ƿԷˮ˼һΧӦǱŵĲ̼ҡ
űţڱصһЩ򡱲ŰʬʲôĴɾϵҲûˡ
žͱˣֱ˵˹ܶûУο½һ˵ǿסġ
ˮվԷǰƺʲô


2287 ˲ҵĲǻ
ʱһ˹Ϊ׵ǸӣĺܿҲᣬɢǿߵϢһòŮվߡ
ʲôˣʲôһˮһ˺
ˮüŶԷΪ׵ǸȴǶ˺ͱһգգоϲ̰ߵŮȴмʻб֪Լñˡ
ڴϿʲôʲô£ʱ첻õ˵
ԷΪ׵û˵ˮ˵еݣȻˮµݣҲоݣֱ˵֪Ѿˮķڷˡ
ϣͦŵģ˰ɣ֮ǰ˵Цˣ٬˵
زأģǵ𣿡ҲЦˡ
˵öԣԼ˻ϲ˻ô϶Ǵľģʲôг˵
죬ˣ߰ɡˮЦЦνĿ֮ûʲô˼
ǲүôߣô˵顣ӿүŮˣֹүϣҲǾΪˣϧүȴҪΪүǡ
Ŷˣ˵˵ôˡܸߣҲʶٵ竡
ǲǻܼԵ֣ҺһѡʱǸΪ׵Ц˵ʱѾعʱǱá
۾ȻܿˮҲ뵽ͺ˸ɼܣοǰ˻Ǹղ˵ģǻⲻǲҵǸʲô
ǻ£˰ɣԺʱ벽ˮЦ˵
ǲүӡ֮ǰǸٴ˵ˡ
ҿһ˵ôô塣̲סֱǸ˵
һ²ǻסˣǰҲˣȻǸ࣬ҲŲļ𲽼ҲЩͲǻѣǸǣھȻɹӻǵһΡ
ˮû뵽Ҳô壬ˣοˮҲоͦġ
ʲôңˡӱ׵˵
ӾǹӣֻУб¹ҴĹȡҲż
ǻɫˣˮֹס֮ǰӣҪô𣿡
ʵǻرģԽԽԽãԹĶԸǣʱŮҲܲ
ô㣬뿪Ҿ͵ûмˣ㿴ɺáˮЦˣԷʲôעȻ
ûңֿҲãԼԼ⣬ҹ㿴ɺãǻָָˮ˵
ãԼԼҹˡˮ֪޷ˣȻҲµˣǶѣǿĴҲûз
ǻɫˣˣˮ˵ҵģֱܹˡ
߰ɣ˭Ǿ͸Ҵ򡣡ˮЦ˵
쿪ĵ˵İϴһ⡣
ܿģǷǳάǵģ۹ҲΪִ֪ˮһиĽ
Ҵ˭ҪǸһָ򡣡ǻܵصսŭˡ
ˮҲһվǰ棬ǻ˳˹ȥֱӱ̵ˣȻţÿһˡ
ǻ֪ӲɫˣѾﻢˣοǲңļ֮һ
ΧȻ˲࣬ƺԽԽ࣬Ͼ˰Ǻټġ
Ϊ㣬Ϊ˲ңҪңȻʱڵĻᶼûСˮٴȰ
һ²ǻ͸ˣȻҲɶԷǿţԷȷʵʵ˵ģʱһ˵ˣԼǼˣл
ʱ˳ˮˣȻǿҲҪ̫֪ߵغˣЩ˵
ˮ˵ߣ׵ͷ˫ۣڣĿ࣬Ϣ
壬塢壡ǻĴк
ͷҲûлأֻǿˮ
ҲΪУһƣҲûа취Щ˵Ҳǲܣðɣ˵˵Ͳ˵ɣҲΪһ˾ǣˡˮҲż˵š
ҾͿûпıǮǸ˵ֱˮȥ˫ֽӡһֻϻһӡˮȥ
ƣӻһ˲ǰĽֱӶηˡ
ˮҲöֱʶһɽ֡
ˮľɽҲһɱˣֱӳӡǣɽٶȱˮ죬ұУЯܻĶ
ľɽӽǧĹǿĶֱܻӰߵӡǳĻɢɽǹһдڣǾ񹥻壬ǻԵֵײ


2288 ǳాĸף
ɽƵߵӡǣɽ˿߳ȥˮԸܵߵʵź;ɽʵ֮࣬ǰǸԲҵʵ[һǻʵһء
أ
ɽײϣֱܻӽײõɳȥѪɽûͣײϣֱ˹ȥ
һֱΧ˶סˣϿڲҲĸ֣ȻģڲҵĵλܸߣǲǻҪϹģݸ߹һ汻ֱñɵĻˣ޻֮
ˮɽŲǻһϣǲһڻ˵ʵ治ģҲ֪Ǽûػޣԡ
ǻ亹ܿƵ֮ǰ޼ɵĿŮˣŭˣԼĲʱ򲽼Ҳ嶼һ棬֪жǿǱǸöԼıʵ
ǻ˺ܶ࣬ʵûеȥڲ֪Է᲻Źҧˮǲԣ֪ô
Ҫ۵ģɣˮֱӻɨһӽǻɨغ«һ㡣
ǻһԣֱѸ뿪ˡ
̫ˣرǸǻϧ˵
ûпղ·ƹⱲˣǲǱɱܡˮЦ
˫һæ˵ѾŮûκһ뷨ˡ
ӣˮһ㶣ЦˣҵŮôױߵģ㻹У̫ɧˣҵŮôޥģġ
ɧôоҪɧʮࡣ쾪Ƶ˵
ˣ߰ɣҸطˡ
ڼҪߵʱˮȴ̧ͷϿգһŽˮעΪ˵ɷ壬ˮеϤصİʵǺǿ󣬾Ȼ仹ҪǿһЩ
ˮʲôˣôǿˣ˵ʵӦǺҲǾǿˡ
˿յ꣬ӦûᣬİйϵӦÿͬ˳˲١
ˮһסΪͨ˵İʱпؿڵһ塣
ˮܼΪాͳ綼һ飬ôܲˮ
ˮڶʤǸɽʱϴ峤ӺŮɷʵãʱѹɷʱֻǸоʺǿ󣬵ɷҶǵļǿ
ʿ˺ˣԵʱжǵĸĸǣǵʱ뷨֮ˮʵǿ֮Ʒ뷨ΪĴѹƵķģ繦ʲôģʱΨһ˵
ڿذô˰ôأ˺ͳాйϵʱǵʱʲô
˿ˮһֱ־ȣҲ⣬ȷԼʶˣߵҲʶ
ôƺʱˮ΢Цǰ˵
Ц˵ҽгСֵôƺ
ˮճࣿˮ˼һాͳֶϵģɽϴ峤ġ
ǰСֵʲô𣿡ˮҲ˵
ֻǿֵе죬ȷûм㡣ˮ˵壬Ͼ·еġ
ǰ̫ˣҲܶ࣬ҲûʲôֵġûϣΪˮֻһ⡣
ǣʶһãϸ糤̫ˣҲճ࣬ϧ̫ԶˣǺ֡ˮ˵ţҡҡͷ
ǽʲô֣ɫڱˣ˵ƺޱȡ
ǵ־Ǵŵ壬ˣкгాŮг磬ҼҲʮˣôˣ֣ˮڲ
ժ²ϵεĿˮСֵܡ
ˮ֪ాǲǰ˵ĺӣҲԶҴాĺӵĿܴܺ
һǳô񣬻ճ࡭
ˮȻ֪˲٣ûȫȷϣԴʱҲеڴ
ҵĺӣʮǰž䣬ʱҺҵһ˳ȥͣҺӵ˶˺صˣӳ˻ӳǺ򣬿ǵûзǵ׷ɱǷֿҰѺӸ˼ΪҺҵǱ׷ɱص㣬ǼѵĻǵʱܳȥ˻ĺٺ٣ҲңΪ˶ҡ
˵ﻺܲƽе˵ں𣿡


2289 ˻
Ǻܺãһɽϴ峤ǣʱȥʤݵʱǣǹҲ֣ܿʱҼʱҲǾ̾ǵ츳ʣֻɷ̫أҾͶѹƣҲһЩս΢ѹǵɷʱǵʱǲʮꡣˮ˵
Ǻأˮ˵˫ŮһС
ʱҸԼĻȰҽ̵ĶѧãʮңʱһݣʮˣȻһֱҼҵڣû뵽ˮп漣Щɺϣɲ飬ǰܶɺϣమȴǷʧɢá
ɺ̫ˣɺǺ£Ҳˮй飬ɷŮ֪Σాɷй֮޲
ҿɲԼǡ˺þã˵ĻҲе
вǲǻûгˮʵ
̾ͷˣܺúõĻȥõĽˣǲҪˡ
֪ŮţܿģҲҽӻܼʹ࣬ˮ˵λһҪ
ˮͷాȻû˵һֱҲ֪ԼˮôóాصңҲŰѳȶԵͷǾʹˡ
ţллôչǡϵ˵
ʵһֱǺ常ģҵĺûʲô𣬲Ͼǵĸʵ֪ĸ˭Ϊʲôӵˮ˵
ʹˣɫеףˣ֪ٴ뵽һ˫ŮӸΪ˼Ӳ֪ٴζϴ档
ҾﲻǺԶ⻪Ǻܵ͵Ҳû˸ǳңΪǿĿֲӲ뻪ǵκʵ𽥵ĺܶҲͰѳҵһ壬Լ˲Ҫȥǳҡ
ҵׯ԰Ǻܴ󣬶ûһˣֻ˳ӡ
Ȼ󣬵ҲԺӣϰټ䷿ӣԺǻɫʯ̳ɵģһƬС֣ұһˮмǿߵһֱͨԺ
һƬԷһƬǺܴĻܣʱһŮ޼޳磬ɢһׯϢ
ﶯתһ˽¼˹
毺ãնׯѩ׵ĶͷԲɢ󲻿ԵϢˮﰵŮ˵ܹ󣬾ǱʮҲ˿ѷɫ
֮ĶˮⶫоǴڣƺֲô򵥡
ˣǣŮ͡
ˮҲˣŮҲصİʵҲǿ󣬱Ǹ廹ҪǿһЩ
ǽȥ˵ͷȻһ߽һ
ݲ˵ϡ
ȻˮŸûా˵һ顣
Ůһһᣬ˵֮Ů˵ôˣҺǣ뿴ǣȥǾͺǡ
ˮЦóֽȻó𾫱ʣֱӿʼܿాĻͳˣˮǻһǴӵһǵļ𽥵ڣʮ
Ů˶ǺĿţһţŮ˵ֶڲβͣ£Ȼᣬۡ
ֵܣллôչǡŮ˺ϵˮϹ
ˮϽסɩӣܿͻǵģҪѹˡ
ŮһϲܿȴҡҡͷǼǻẦǵġ
ˮЦ֮ǰϸ˵˻Ӧ֮ǰڰ˻İɣҪңҰҡ
ĿˮϾϲԥ˵ֺǿǿ֮һҺ϶аʵͶԷ˲٣˶ڣǿڶ࣬һϲˡ
ЩΪŬô֪أϸɩӺᣬȻ֪ʲô򣬵Ҹо֮ǰʵӦҲǶ֮һɣˮЦ
ѻ˵ȥĸôӦóԼĲ࣬Լоɱǿûκ⣬ֻûʲôǿͲ˵ˡ
ǵİأʵͲԷԷֻбɱķݣûԸΪУеʱпżǿģ°۲Ҳûãοж۲ĵĻᡣɬ˵
⣬ҿ԰ǣǵΪһЩֻǲ֪ǳһûؾۣǳҲһӦȫɣˮЦ
ˣκԼİľϲʵ̫ˣеܲˣҲȷǲģ˵ҵܳȥһЩЩ˲֪Ȼһｫҡ


2290 ͼѪ֣
ˮһڳס֪óԼҪǵʵָˣ׻ָǵʵҪңҲҪµʱ䡣
ǵʵʵûе٣ֻǰǵΪӲһ룬ġ
һˮͻָһɵƺͰó򸾲˼飬Ҫ֪ǵİƺŻָ֮ǰѾǲĽˣǵ˺ܶҽʦҩʦ޲ߣָֻܻĿǰѾǳˮƽҽˡ
ˮڱûа취µͻָһɣİ˲٣ôܲ𾪣ƾҽҲúܶԴˡ
֮һûаȻΪʲôԪǿԴﵽһǧˣΪʲôֻܻصֻ߰꣬еİأеİᣬʱûа̫ˡ
ˮ֪˷ڳҵ顣
ǰ˻Ĵ壬һеһ˻Ǿݾеĵ򣬵ڶǾݾе
а˻ǿǺп϶в࣬жĲ಻ҺͳҾܿˣŲһҰɡ
ڰ˻ĳԺյңڰ˻ĳǺͳҲͲʮңжپ͸ˣҵΪһؼǷؼ
ʵӦһͼһͼ
ͼóȫͼڵϱŷͼ˵źܴڵ֮֮һ
˶Ǻһ̥Ȼˣϲ£ܶǰأȻܶܵ𿪣Ȼквѿ
һ˭͵񶼻˭֣֪˭͵
¾ͳ͵УΪзȻͼ
ڵϱǲ͵ģοҺ֮ûǰ˻Ķ֮һұǿڰ˻ǾްԵĴڡ
һ˷ŭĴ˳ң˵͵ڵıǰ˺ֱܶ࣬ӶԳչɱ
˵ʱߣ֪ǸıΪͼһó߼ң߼Ȼǲ鲻ģΪûˡ
߼Ҳǰ˻ĳǵĴ֮һҵǿ֮Ҫһǳ򸾵ǿ󣬵Ӹ飬ʵȻۿۣԷıѾõġ
߼ҵʱĻ˼ҺţڲµӦһ֧ºѾ׷ǸϵΣоǸ߼ҵˡ
Ȼ֮ѾûˣϵģҲûоΪҳͷΪѾˡ
Ҷˣ˭ԸΪһڵļȥ߼ء
ˮоȷʵе򵥣ܶʱìʹˣ㲻ͼΪҲб֣ǲıġ
ʵˮܰңˮ֤˴ʱֻҪ֮ͻóాͳػؼš
ջܴ󣬳Ҳһˣʵһֱٴ㸴ҲҪǸǿˣˮĿǸϣ
ĿԺˣһҲҪȥԡ
ǻǣ֮ʵһֱھ֮⣬ǺŵԵõ˻Ϣȴֿӹǵߡ
ѪЯذƹ룬򸾱ž޴ѹţ澳еҲǶĺܼǿ̬ȡ
Ϊû˱ˣ˷ûôʹ࣬ʵŵĸо
ҪǱϣҵϣңôҵȥ汲ҲĿˣҲĸյĳҼĿΪǳҾͲС
ˮסˣط󣬵ȴסǲκ⣬ʮҲס¡
ˮڻֻ棬Ȼһ룬ˣֶǿһֻвοڻֻ
οԺµˣΪֻԡ
֪⻪˰£ˮҲиŵʶݾ򣬾ǺͰ˻ڵľľǺ½ϵĻǡ
ȻԵǺʵҲ٣ﲻǶǣǵʵҲࡣ
ˮ뵽ڵҲǾǺеǿʵʵƺ˲٣ĳǿΧ
Զˮʱ㾪ˣοӦúܿͻ뿪ܿ뿪
ǲ̼ŵЩѾ֪ˣǲģԭ͸˲ˣ̼ͲһСгϵиǵϷҴС㣬ȻȣȴòұЦ˺ܾá
ˮɣΪ⻹иɾǲ̼ҵõһõǸʲô֪֪ǲҶ֣Ҳûгϣ黹ǲ֮


2291 ĲҴС
̼ҵˮûйϵҲ£ͲҵǵСҿ۵ĻͲԼ鷳
򸾵ڻָŻָҲˮӵŷˣĿ԰Լҡ
ų򸾵ƻָǵʵҲӣӵĲǺܶ࣬ҪǵʵõԽԽ֮࣬ǰֻõĲһ룬ѾԴﵽˣһܵʱ䡣
ˮ˸ҽȹ̸̱ԪųʣҪԼȭ
ˮֻɾʱʱҲ̫ȭ
ƽģٳƽû£ˮҲֵ徲ڶˮģһˮ֪Ϊʲôˡ
ˣΪ׵һŮˣƯŮˣˡҲͲһǸŵŮˣݻݣϾˣϾˡŮɫʮһģŮ˱¸¥ƶ˲¡
ϸΣǰŭͦ޳߶һǿҵҡҷ˵ĸо
Ůˮ֪˭һɫѿʱ֪ʲô顣
ǻǲǻ
Ǹˮ˵ˣӦչ˲Ůȫġ
ãСŮˡ
Ů˿ˮ¶˵΢Ц΢΢
ˮ뵽˵ĻҵС㳤ĲӦþɡ
ʶңˮȵʵ
ڲʶˣ⿪һЩġŮŵЦȻų򸾵ͷ฾Ǻá
νֲЦˣο򸾺ͲҲûʲôڣͷiСã
ˣ
ˮʱ˵ʲô˵ɣǻб顣
СܣӦʶ˵ǰЩӵҴˡŮЦ˵
ǻǸŮ˻ͷŲǻ˵е
ǻƺŮˣ˳Բϴ
ˣԭˣ˵ǻ飬߰ɣԺҪҡˮڰ˵
ǸǸǻ˵˼û˵
ͷҲͷǸҲˣɲ԰ϵĽƽˣѣԺʲôõϲҵֱӷԸСŮһŮ˲²˵
ˮ̾Ů˵ĺӣԵӡ
ûǸÿʲôҪۣɱֱȥ¾ͿˡˮЦſŮˡ
ǺгġŮº͵˵
ⲻǾͿΪĳЩ򵥡ذɣˮҡҡͷ
֪һ㿴ϣ֪˻̧ܲһΡŮ˺ÿüë
ǰ˻ǿʵ֮һ𵱳ĳһҪǿһ㣬߼Ҳ˿ѷɫˮʱҲ֪һЩǿĴڣҲɵüҺʲôϵ
ˮʲôңֻڻû׼ãοЩʲôĵҲ
üʱ򱻲ǻˣֱ˵ҽδޣҪǲҽƣǵűɱɣ
ˮüͷšˣʱŮǻͷһ˲ǻϣסڣ
ûб˼ǻ£㲻ҪһʶҸ׾ôһӣ֪ûŮֵܣȻ˵㣬û̫캦飬ϣһᡣ
Ůٴ˵
ˮò˵Ů˺ܴòǻ۶УҪǴ¹ϣĺ͸֪ʲôģܱ˻ĳеŮ˲һŮˣԺҼĸɲʲôС檡
ˮԥһ˵˵Ҿ͸ᣬֻҪһͿԡ
л˵ҶӦ
Ů˵
Ҳ֪಻ƶбֻ˵ûôѭǴڵģʵ˵ɣҽ⿪ĽǰʮûнҲΪ
ǻɫ䡣
ˮΪŻ㣬߹Ѩָ̨ͨа˸㣬ǸҽʦŲԼ飬ҽס˻ǰôЩĴ̼ʮ˭Ҳﲻ㣬УҶûʲô֮ĹΪиý㡣
˵ˮֱһָȥֱӽĽơ
ҽǸ
ˣҪˣҿκ㣬ûҽεʸ񣬼ס˵ĻȻʱҳҲûáˮֱӴ˲ǻĻ
ллʱȾơŮ΢Ц˵
ˮ˵Ժ˵ɣ
Ů˹΢΢ˣŮ֪ԣȻ˺ͱôһ㣬˸оϣŮҲ˿ѷɫ


2292 ľ
ˮٴ뵽ĻǸһȻҲǸӣ׷ԸҲûʲô˵ģοԼҲôŮˡ
䶼ŲС㣬ҿǿɲ棬ǺһҲҪȢȥӵģиŮ˰
ҪһСʵʵ£Ů˵ʵصĺ֪м˿ԿҲ֪м֪Ů˵ʵ
ⲽҴСƯп˵
ƯϧѾҵδˡҹ˵
δֲӣ˵ôˣġһ˵
ˣˮξȻ⿪ǸһĽֹǲǿˡ쾯Ŀˮ
ˮ죺ô𣿡
ĿˮȻر˵У̫ˣŸεĻǵһûܺ
ԵģϴŮһǾ֮ˣӵһʮĸ㣬ʮ˸ľ㣬Ҳ֪ϴû˶ľ㣬˶㣬һҹǺЦ
˶Цˡ
ˮЦ˵ˣ֮ΪŮ˵ʵ8000˵ǲǻݣ
ʲôôǿʵĿɿڴ
Ҳһ㶣Ů˾Ȼʵôǿʵλǲһ㣬⻹ʵ˲ٵĽ
ˮʲôʵʵ
1100һ㡣ˮЦ˵
ƭˣûôƭ˵ġȻŵ˵
ģЩȽ棬ҵķǿһЩѾ10000ˮ˵ǱˣΪķͻ14000ˡ
ǿˣƺʵ˵ţǺ˽ˮ
ˮͷô棬һºˡ
˵ˮֱʹս⻷󷨣һȣֱӽʵᵽ10000ϣ֮ǰʵѾˣȻûдﵽ8000Ҳˡ
ǿʵͻȻסˮţԺҲ뿪̫ˬˣֲ̫ˣܰѶԷޡ
ҲǿЦã飬Ϊ֪ˮֲʱôģֻûôš
ˮָָʱƵ˵ںܲϰԼʵ֮ǰ
ʵϰʵˮЦˡ
һŹ򣬻֮ӡ
ʵ½һأٶĸоѪޱȣŵĿˮҲ֮ǰģԵʹԼʹ֮ǰ˳޵ˡ
ˮûɽļȻţҲˮĵˣĴڡ
Щ֮췢ϰڵָо˭ˮΪУܵùֱ˲
ˮҲһЩ飬ǴŵĶ棬紫⻪ǿʵǶ٣ҴСоÿطһЩصʵ
¶ֻһִʵŵģҺţ϶ǱģǿһЩݵˣһʲôϡػ
оǿʵͲ²Ļв࣬ٲˮҲѹڵĳվסţԼǰҲûá
ˮһֱóٻĳҳԱҪʱ䡣
򸾵µʱȫָʵ12000ʵԿֲҳһЩѾлҵֱϵһǳ壬һǳܡ
ŻʮˣʣµĴǻϣҲǳм
סʮȻûκ⣬ȻЩҲˮһʶ
Ҷг壬һʵǿˣ9000ʵ̣ܳʵ࣬ǿҲ5000͵Ҳ2000ʵ
һʵνǿʮ˻Ųĳңˮһ˶ڣڵȵȣһû˻Ȼʱ˾ֱؽҡ
ˮҲܶ࣬ܶ鲻Լô򵥣ȻԼڸоҪǱɱ󷨣ԼԼʲôߵˣսʱԷɱԼƸһԼߵ֣ԼʱԵʵҪǿɱԼߵ˲ףԲǲܡ
ԻҪؿǣʱҪǿˣʲôʱһֱ׼һεսȻռƣϾʵ࣬һжס
ˮż˹ȥģ֮ǰ̫ˣҪ׳ҵʵֻóҴȥ
˲Ǻܶ࣬Ҳرϡ٣رǳһһֱϵҲвٵģڲŻ֪мš


2293 ֻΪһ
Դϴ֮󲽼ҵҲûжˮѾѲˣҪǰѳ׳˽˳ాԸͬʱԼھҲһŵ㡣
ߵԺڳվţӦڿ
ˮ뵽Щӣ˶ߣȴǷֺŮ֮һҲûнչŮӰ룬ˮƤԣɫֲĻԼоܲˡ
ˮ˹ȥϴ΢Ц̧ͷˮЦʲôЦô
ٺ٣Сôܲġˮ߹ȥסڵ֡
ʹһţ⻵ʱǵӺܴģԴӱˮĦһ֪֮ôˣÿ뿪
ˮһΣϾ˫Ҳʲôʱ䣬Լܲˣǰ˵
ʵƼĸоеڴҲֻţԼΪŮˣ֪ԼΪŮˣֻǲ뱻ˮᣬԺһʱ䳤˻ϲ
֮ǰѾܵˮһ˿ǿǶģģԸܶԼк뷨
С㣬֪ϲʲôŮ𣿡ˮЦˣԼͲᱻܵԼ뷨
֪֪ˮûʲôû
ţ˶ϲŮһŮˣСŮʲôŮأϵãµóϵ˴¶ׯ߹֪ԣϽ次
֪ûû˱С֣ûĵһۡ
飬Ҳ֪ʲôˣĵǳֻˮԿ֮һ˿⣬һӵ뻳
С㣬ҷԽԽˡˮǲϰ˵ĻôȻ
жమƺܵˮƽ΢Цſ
Ŀܽһߣˮܸܵ˺Ϣ˵
ʧȥһɷţˮ˵
ⲻǰռ
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˱סˮĲ΢΢סˮܵӲĶõ۵λãһ˵𣿡
ˮʱоϣĴ̼˵ĶԣŮӭһ˵£ֳ
ˮȴǸоܶ࣬ǵĿԴˣ˵˫һֻĻǻԲ̵ͦķϣʮ㣬϶Բ
һûзˮǻԲϸȻʹֽ֣ȴûжûһỳĽҵĳ鴤˼£һɳʪˮ·ҲʪһЩ
绨ֻǴʱҿˮ֮ǰ־ĸо
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Ůͷ뿪ˣŮӰ𺳣ղܣر뵽֮ǰɬİߣ


2294 ߼£Ҹ
ŮˮȻҲῴţʱΪһŵĵطˮȻҪŪðȫصͻ˸оȫˡ
ŮǾŹȻѣ仯ܶ࣬ŮҲ˼͸֮ˣʱĻȻѧᣬҪѾŹѧᣬоһԪ
һԪһ˿ʹõ󷨣ΧĻ־ͿԣŹɱһģôܴ
ŮõľŹܹأܹ淶̿һ㣬ˮǹģȻеǷȱѾˣϾŹѶˮвͣȻǲúõ¡
һϲͨս;սҲ򸾵ǶһЩˮɴҲѧ󷨣Ҫ֪󷨵̫ˣڴ½Ҳ񼼵ĴڣرһЩңǿʦ󷨵úػ񼸺ͬҪ
ʦﶼĴڣϾʦѱһɱˡ
Ůõûʲô޸ĵģõĲҲ󷨵ǲģˮʯ˵ֻõ󷨲Ż󷨵ͻӡ
Ůõ󷨻
һĽĿŮֿˮ㵽׻ʲô
һ·Ȼʶˮܶڲ֪ŮҲˮ̵ģΪǿǿҽ԰ʳҺƣᶾ
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һ˵֪ˣʵ椣椣ߵŮ˹ƶͻλˡ
˶ЦŲ˵ˮڰ֣ʱ仹ȥ
ڶ죬˽ʮˣΪ׵Ǹߣ糾ͣ۾ʪ󣺡壡
úãҲѾָˣٴϣˡ߿ĵ˵
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ˮæסʹãⲻҵ𡣡
һƬҶǺܿģһ˽ʮˣȷʵ˳ϣҳҵмҲôˣԺٻҲжˡ
ЩǳҵֱϵѪԵϵģ֪ôûѪԵϵܻ١
ĳȻ࣬Ҳ٣ϾһģֱϵҲͼʮˣɼնɱж٣ǽƣɢЩֱϵ˹ôҲġ
Ҿһǰָоڲף˵ǰҲԺһѪһˣһʹ
һȻ˵Ļֵʮûˡ
ˮҲ֪ѪкɷǳҵĴУвǺǿϸĿĳˣÿϵɷֻ࣬гϵǿ١
ˮ뵽˳ాͳ磬ాͳڳҵĻһ̳гҡ
ưףƮһƷҷ鶯Ϣ˺ͨ˵ԪҲȾ֮Ҫ߳ʮꡣ
ڽһʮ˵Ķ˻ǣҾڳΧȻ˳ſڡ
е㼤ҲǺܼҵĺܶ˶Ѫڣ޲óȥɱƬײЩ˺ǿҪǲֻһ
ˮŶ治ʮ˵Ķ飬Ϊ׵ľͺüˣмǸģˣţһ°ɫӣһѩ׵Сߡ
ˮûпڵˣˮʶͷйϵٷϻϿԿһ㣬ˮȴûпƵĴڡ
ɱҵģҪ߼ҺµˣȻһЩĴڣڵֵ˲Ǻܶ࣬ǺǿǿߣڵǸǿ߼ҵˡ
Թ׻߼ҡ
°ɫӵ˾߼ҵˣҵλܸߣʱųңŴӳ߳һˣϹ΢Ц·㲻ȥȴ
£仰Ӧ˵ŶԡŬԼ顣
ܳҲЩˣȻѾܳȥˣΪʲôҪⲻʲôݵĿ䣬һ̶ڵȪ
˵׼ĻŽ˵أЦЩˣȻЦ޲ֱȥɱǡ
ϲĸ׵˶ɱģҸᣬǴһô˵ûᡣЦúա
ˣ֪Ƕ֣Ƕ֣ڻǲǶ֣վ˳ãҸ򣡡


2295 ڰ˫ߣɷս
ſھʹӦ˶ԷҪ󣬵֪ԼǶԷĶ֣ˮˮǵͷ
ɽΧ˵Ӱ졣
ս⻷ȫǹӳɡֱóһһоԼޱȵǿڲ๻ˣ֮׷ʱʱã˺ѾĳˣֱӰѶԷ˲ˣοʱʵ֮ǰƵرˡ
գΧ֪ʲôʱѾܶˣԶԶĹϾ˴ҲǷ֮ء
ǹһ˿ŵ΢Цֱһ̤ڰգʱţȺĺս֪ٽҪꡣ
Ȼǻ£ܶƻǿңܶʱǲΧ˵ġ
ҲڿУ߿սиôǿԶ˵İ㣬ϾеԶˮû֮׷ʲôĶˡ
СӣְɣȻûжֵĻᡣϸĵóһѶ̽Ҷһ㣬Сɷ⡣
óһѵ׵
Ѫ죬ɷŨ·γѪһҲûпֱһն˹ȥ
һûоȫ֮ǰʵһ¿ûзɫСһֱһס˳ĵ
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Ҳ߼ҵ߽
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νٶȲ죬ȴǿԸı䷽򣬶ǲĿľֹͣǽԼʧ
ʱȴһĳ˹ȥеɫСϵĻһĽϵıƳ
ԽԽĽӰҲǲϵеĳ׵ϵĻӳЩײʹʵԽԽǿȻֵסԷĹ
ۣ
һǴ˳ļϣóȵ֪ʶһϸСĿӡ
ϲ֪ǹɻǿϢʲôˣԭԼܵ˺
ȳľϲǴ󾪣һǲҲҪ˶ԷɣȴֻôһСӣʲô
ʱȴȻһն˴ն˵һҲǳһбɱ֮ǰʵʹһҲǲСڵʵԳֱеرɫˡ
»عΪ֪򸾱ˣԺϱ븴ԭԼˣеףԷˣƺдͻơ
²Ҵ⣬һѩ׵һܳǰֱֱӵס˳ǿֲһ
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һͳ˻ƣն·һס
һһֱ޴࣬ˮҲ֪ʲôݣӥ׺ֻ㣬һ˫۾Ѫ

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ôߣÿһʮ״֣һ
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ֻҲǳ޳ڿҲǾ޴ޱȣرֻɷſִֻźڰ˫߳ȥһ·ȥڣ
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⿴һֻŭĶҰţҪ֪ǰҰţʨϻҲҪ˱ᡣ
ڰ˫еİӰͻȻٴα֣ѩ׵Ĺδʢһǿʥ֣֮񾫸֣޴βֱһɷȥ
ߵӰûб䣬ʱȴһںнһڶ£ֱӰѳֻ޻ס
Ҳס˲䣬ΧһƬѩף̱ڵ棬޷ǰ
һˮսǰΪӳֵһʱȴ˾޴ãǺߵǿҪǶҲϡ


2296 ˮǿѹ
֮ǰס˲䶼еˣȻԼҪ侲ܿȴǷֺɢȥԼһȦ׹Χֱӽ̸ƺһԼΧİͱˡ
֪ⲻԼȻˮġ
ʱ߳Ŵ죬ȳɫĶҧ˹ƺѳһȥ
ʱֻȴǳڳΧ޴Ȼһģһĸоɶ칤ֱ˺ߵߴ֮Ȼߴֻһ˵˵
ž
߷һ̴ٵĺУʧˣ޻壬Զʱвˣе޻һһֻгһΣһҪһЩʱָܻԭʵʱ޻ǿйϵ޻ԽǿҪָʱԽ
ʧ¶ҲܵһЩӰ죬һʱ֪ѾʧˣܿЩҲʧˣʧ˲䣬ֻɷȴѸٵ³ȥǲס˰ߣߺףǿ岻ϵĳ
˲ô࣬˵ʶٿסֻߡ
ɷʱͨѪ죬ɷӿԶԶعۿضоɷ壬˵ܣʵǿĿվԶɷ֮⡣
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ʵѾϲľˣΪ֮ǰĶ޻ûôǿرڵֻɷֱԼˣȻﵽɷŵľ硣
е޻ں˵ıʵҲŹϵģҹϵֻܴԽǿԽǿ
´ʱޱȾ֣ѾܵɷһľȥʱܶѣΪ˳ٴγɱ
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һ̣¿ԼѳҲȥͬھֻû뵽ûгɹ
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ž˱㿴һѩ⣬ȻǸ߼ҵλܸߵʧˣǱˣгƮһɵѪ֮ʲôҲûˡ
һ߼ҵڴ𾪣˭ղǿһ˿ѷɫµһڣȴֱӱһˣҪǿʵһһǿߡ
ˮųص˳
߼Ѿǿе֮ǰıѾ³
ˮıѾǿֲôһ̧־ʧһǿߣʱʣµҲû˸Ҵ˭Ҳ밤ˮôһ£ǰУûκƥеǰе㲻ǡ
ˮ򵥵İƣƲأҲѣˮһߴһ˵׼ãһȥЩȫ
һˮĻԼֵܽһǺܼ
ˮѾɽ֣ǰս⻷󷨡һԼӽӡˡ
ּʮֱӳ˳ȥ
Ź
ˮýŹΧԷȻʧȥǿߣڣѾеأһζһų߳
׷
Ź
һ
֮
ˮҲ֣ǲϵʩչһЩ
Ӹӡ
ӹӡ

֣
ڵĶԷĹһ뻹࣬ߵʵȴһ뻹࣬˳ҷ־Ȼѹ֮ơ
߼Ǳ߸о̶صӣӲǰоȴǸоȥȭԼţĸоô˵ˡ
߻һͣ·˴һֲҲǺǿڶԷϷڸְϣۣԷһȭܰԼѪ
ʱѾ˿ʼˣסǿߣͳͶԷʵǲ˲ֹһȴѹŶԷ򣬴ĶԷѪ
߼ҵڱˣܲǰԼ˴ʱȴԼҿﲻϵ˵ѪĻ
õûԷ


2297 ȫɱһ
еˣˣ
ʱ̫࣬ⱨӦˣ
˲ϵԴ̼ԷҲǲϵĹ߼ǿѾ˲ˡ
һγͳɵĴܶԷҪˮԷˣȻֻҲɴ֣ܴܶܶ֡
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о԰ٷְٶܵĹȴͻȻ޷һ˲ʶͣˣȻһʹڰɡ
ܿսͽˣԷȫˣȴֻˣ˵Ĳء
սս˺ܼرļսʤεս˳˺ܴģǳҵмȻҲԼ۽硣
սѾ֪ˮǵȴǲ
һ߼ǰʮȫӦÿ߼һˣӦòʹưոݣΪڲңնݳǻӵʳѰ
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ˮ£ܶණûأһҲСģˮǽ̸ЩһνĥǹҲˡ
ˮ֪ڳصǸôǿĴڣ벻ǿʢѣˮߵɫŮӣˮȫѹǳЩˡ
ͳ뵽ﶼеƣϾԼߵʵһֵսһ룬ȥʵҲᱻĲˣ࣬Ьˡ
ȸпִһȺˣֻҪˮվм䣬Щ˾޵еĴڣҲվս
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ˮڸоرɫɲͣôĿŮϵʳ˵ʳˣȴˮڿŮջرѾ΢ͻôһϵ
ϴ˵С֣ˮͲɵһȣ˱òҲ˲ˣֱ˸ھ뿪طˡ
һҲҪȴǱˮסôҾô£ҳ극һ˳Զµ
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ˮҧҧҧɣˮͷһ£ӺҲ˵
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ʱȻ뿴ˮȴǸ񹦣ƭˣҲ֪˫֮ʱˮ㣬о϶ǹֵֹġ
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ⲻƷζҪι㣿ˮЦ
ãҳԱˣϽ˵ˮһ𿴵⻵һһЩҲܶණǽīߺڡ
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־죬ˣҪźһһ졭
СȥˮҪȥϴˡ
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ȥ
ˮϴѾҲӰˣߵſǷŵģˮЦˣַȻѲס֪ȥеˡ
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һߣ֪۸ҵġ
˵˵ô۸ˡˮȺġ
ˣҪ˯ˣϢɣ˵
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˵Ҫţôݣˮˣȥ˯ɣģ㲻ҪҿƲסȥ
ˮŮ̫ˣˮͷðɣҲ˯ɣʲôʱˣҡ


2298 ʵȴս
ˮ˵׼뿪ʱ򣬱ȴǴ˷ţֽˮ˽ȥȻѷŹϣܱܲﺰڸڣú㲻ߣһ°
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һˮ֮ȻǷޣ֪ʵͷҲûʲôһûзѣʱĻһķ·Ҫγˮһ
ˮŷԼﲻ̧ͷı󣬿ǾӨĶ䣬ȥһ£ѵˮһ
󲿷ֵŮ˵Ķ䶼ȽУһ§סˮҶ£
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ˮϽɿһ˵ðɣ̫ˣһŬһ·˺ǿҵġ
ޣ²㱻ˮһιȥ
һˮ˱һǸĦһΣʱܿ죬ֻڱҲǻԲķͦñٴθܵʴǵζ§ˮ֡
ˮһֱӱϣʱı΢΢ϢʱϵУʱˮȴǻ⿪½󣬱ǵ˯£ѩ׵һȾе󣬴ʥһһ
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ٴйΣˮϱ˸飬󱻱ϻԼķ䣬ºˮһһ
ųˮһû׼ãһΪʱ

һܹȥˣûˣ߼Ϣݹȥûдǹģһֱûгֲġ
Ѿˣ˵һĻҲˣڻûһֻ֮ΪһܸоôһĽ١
ɴߣˣûԵ޹ʵİҲûԵ޹ʵĺޣҪ˵ʵΪԼûûΪʲôҪ㡣
һչ¶ʵȻһ£ͻ£һʵ˵һ֮ԭЩ˿ԻҲһ£Ҫõĺܶࡣ
Ҷ߼һһβǹؼһˣܴ˶ԷĻҵĺܶڻŵӦöġ
ϾҵҲйԻͣǺܶϰ뿪˳⼸ʮڱѣȻǲ⣬ٴ𣬶һǻȥȻǻġ
ڵĳǲͣĲˮҲ˱ǮˣЩҵֱϵеҩͣҶϴ跥һΣսҲǶдڣ͸ాعһˡ
ʱ䲻ҵʵȴ˲٣رǳ򸾣ǵʵѾܲˣһأرɷˮýƶǰıϣȻ˱ܽٵһ١
ͻƺٰϴ跥̱ԪʵѾˮķʵˣǹѾޱǿˡ
ˮһҲǰѳǱܱƵĲˣϾˣһʵҲͻ15000ǽӽ14000Ѿ۷壬򵥴ʤѾˣʤҲҪСĴۡ
ûô࣬Ͼȱǵɷܵ˵ʵǺܲģˮŮҪǿȻ˺ͱѸУȵǾҪǿ١


2299 ı뱡
ʵﵽ̶ȣˮҲɲ٣ϾսʱԼĶתҪӲʹһΣʱսУرȺսʱʱ̫ˣҪǻֶΣޱǿķֻиתҲС
ÿ˶ǳ˾ͷģ˲࣬ȴɢǿš
ˮǳҾȻһСӣûһֱϵȴǳҵҳϵһˣΣյʱȻˡ
ͷǸߣڳң˵ǳˣȴûаǵˣͳûκ𣬶ҴһѾճˡ
ˮǰǺܶ˵飬Ͼһֶڲڴ½֮ǰļͥǸûκελڳҵĴһ־޴Ǻܹٵ飬ߵ汲֪ҲǸġ
ͳ壬߼߹ȥҲһˣƽʱҲֵơ
磬Ҿ֪ŵĻһģȻˡ忪ĵ˵
߽г򣬱ճ֮࣬ȷʵͳԸĳɳˣϲһˣԵҲûʲô
򲻵ԼˣҲУҲóҸжɲˣƴˣڿ˵һߣ˸ооһߣʱȻ޷˺ͳֱϵһˡ
˵Ķʵ㲻رǳΪ׵ļˣʣµĿ˵ǳҵмȻ֮ǰʮʵͲ˲٣ЩǳҲȱٵġ
һ³ˣסҲˣһЩ˻Ƿֵס˱ĶӴͷԺдЩκ⣬еֱڿĵطһڵļ򵥷ӣʯҶףʤܶ뿪
֪ʮˣּƽʱҲû˳ţֻгȥ򷹵ģҵĵȻȱǮȻæЯҲвټֵƵĶ
߼ˣЩ鱨ˣʱվڳǰ˵
˶ˣҲʵǿˣҪˮ
֪а˰ٶˣ߼ҡҡڻš鱨ǸѸ˵
ţȥɣ۲죡ͷʾ뿪
ǵں߼ңڿµӦţһβ֪ΪʲôҲӽҵΪʲôҪһš
̫ף˰ˣ࣬ĸ˰ˣǺˣһ㣬˾ԶʵϾ֮ǰʮһҲûȥһһġ
ֱȥˮʱˮȴںԺһƱվڳĺȾơ
ԶԶ޳ǺܿӰȴһͨܵоԼӣֲ˸
ˮͷóһƱһϸ磬һȾƸо治
еأϾغһͳҵǰ;ȻĿԻΪ㣬ǳҵļ
ˮͻȻԼޱȵƽԼĹˣҵĹˣûּûһ㷭Ŀܡ
ȻҲпܳĻǳ׵ʧͿҲðգͿһ˵ˡ
֪Լû֪ԼһɵϣҲвһȻȥҲججǧҲûʲôֶԡ
ӹӺһܵı۾úȣÿκȶô˼顣
ǲ߼ˡˮЦ˵
֪㣬ˣ˰˰ٶˣ߼ңһԼš֮ǰ鱨˵һ顣
ңˮɻ
ǲ֪ҵģǴβҴСᵽңδңˮһ̸оʲôǺձҴСƵϺˣһĲôʵԼ
֪ˮҴС飬ˮɻ˵ǰ˻Ĵ壬𵱳ĳҪǿûмǵúʲôԹҲûʲô֪ΪʲôҲ
޷˾ͱȥˣʡ鷳ˮЦŽӵľƺȸɾ
ʱǸо˰Լڿ򾲵վΪˣûˮʱԷ˵ĻǻͶԷƴ̬Ҳôƽ˵ƴ˵ǱˮһսȫսļʾųϣȫĽࡣ
ô죿ʵ
ܣԶˣǼ죬ɣˮ˵
Ц˵ͷȻˮģ֪һһһľϲһҲ⣬оǿңֻڣֶԡ


2300 𵴲
ڶ߼ҡҡںŵ˾Ѿ˳ǰ
иָУһЩĸߴĹˣʱһģĺվ˳üһѪɫĺۼ֪ǹȥУһ˵š
ȴصķװͷҲ
˷ˣϴʮһɴ⡣ʱһվŴĺ˵
ȷʵܴ⣬ǰ󷨾ͲһƵġ˷Ц
˷𣬴˵ǽӽĴڣʵǿޱȣɲ⣬ڵһصĴڣһε֮ϵĴڡ
󷨺ܸҿ͸˵
˷ʵǰз򣬻͵أǰѾﵽ˰˷֮ҪƵףͬǿ˷Ŀ˵
ҪҪǵ󷨴ʦһһ˳
˴ĺݻߣһɹˣòӢ죬ϣüëֺܣһ˫۾ǻۡ
󷨴ʦвУ˷˵󷨲ˡ֮ǰǸЦ
߼ҵˣʵ˷˵Ҳʲôֻǿû˷ᡣ
߳вҲ֪˭˵ءЦ
ʲô󷨣ֱ̤ȥˣҾͲһСС󷨿Եס̤Ǹһֱû˵˵
ŵԣнףС״̬ˣ壬ƻرǿеǿߣһ
ԣҴ㣬㻹̤ơ˷ʱЦ
ȥԣһͲˣֲʲôԶŴҲǶһϲͨȻҲǲơԾǿ˭Ҳסġ
ҪǶһѣҶ̤ƣṳ̂ƾˣ˵ĻҲͼ˷Ц˵
ͺӣ֪ûģٺ٣ҪҴӦҲѣҪأƺǵһκ˷ˡ
˵Ļκ飬Ҿ˷ŵ˵
Ҫ˾ҸŮ˳ɼҡ˵
˷̾ҴӦ㣬ʼɣ
ųɼҰɣŵ˵Ȼ޴ӰڿնʱӰҲѸӰ״СǸˣ¡𣬴׳ľˡ
̤
ֻеӰԳһͷɫľӡ߲°׳ף⣬ʱֻһ޴ޱȵȻľŹ
ǵĳҲڿţʱ˺ͱҲǵĵĿֻ޴󣬱ϾµģǺܵģ˵ϣ󷨿Գס
䣡
һھ޴̤εĽʱһȦҫ۵ĹɢǾ޴ȵ޴󶼱վȡ
Ƶ󷨲٣һοơ߳ü˵
˷Ҳǿſкþ֮˵ĳмǿ󷨵
߳һ˫۷Ź⣺ⶫǺöһҪõ
Ƶ˵ɣ˷ƽ˵
ڿвϵķ裬޴ϵ̤£һ̤෽λٶԽԽ죬ϵ¡
𵴲
𵴲
󲻶ϵڼλ£Ȼһһλã޴𵴲ϵĳԼӿĲõĲϣˣ󷨾ǲƣҲᱻȱڡ
𵴲󡢴ݻٶųܶƻ
ˮʯǲӾ޴;üĥ𣬾ƻǿҲǶʱƵԷûдﵽ
ˮ뵽Լɷɽġꡱⶫ뵽ˮ˼һԼķɽҲˡ
Сʱֹ֮ͣ˹󷨣֪Լǲеģκ˻ȥ̫Źˣ󷨻ûʲôĥ𡣡
㣬Ҫǳɼҿ԰ͼ㣬ΪšԶ˷һ˵
ûдɼңԺһɼҵġ˷˵
Ҳ㲻ףΪʲôЩƯŮ˲ȤʱЦ˵
ҿ㻹ǿôʵΪûкô߳ٺЦ
˷ƺûһɫûκα仯
ðɣ˭Ҳﲻ㣬ĿĵҲûʲôûٶ˵ʲô˵Ҳûá
ôƣʵ
˵һ־ģ԰ɣ
˷ͷã
Ǹߣ۾СȴǺǿ㣬ܴ֮һܳͷ


2301 ײɱ߳
ͷǸ󷨸֣ӦǾ˲òࡣ
ͷܹ֣˭Ҳ˭ƺҲûпֱ
Ҳû˵ʲôһԽƢԽ֣ǿģ˵뵽ĸ˾Բ򵥡
ͷվⲻʱܿԽüͷԽ壬ʱóһʯһĶһطһһӹȥˡ
ͷǸ𣿡̲߳סʵ
ʱʵҲûףεЦЦͷϺǿģʱ仹ٵȵȰɣ
һʱҲûʲô֣ͷҲ޷ϾǴҲ߲ԵҲû˵ʲô
ˮͷﵷģһɫֵֹģʱͷһСӣɢǿҵȻͿԷһСһط
Ѩ
ˮû뵽ͷӣλãƵΣҵѣһҪؿڣ۴֮Ѩˡ
ѨҲǺΣңѨƻ˲󣬵ƿһСΡ
ͷȻѾҵѨҾȻвĹߣһʱ佫һεƵˡ
Ƶ߲֮ûʲôϲƺƽ飬ȻȥóʯһĶ֮ѡ˱ȻʼʯӣڴҶ֪ͷڰ
ں֮˿ʼС׼һλȥͿֱƿ
Цˣû˵ʲô߳˵ͷܸ߰
ˮһͷһֱȥȻˮֱӴ˳ˣˣǻûȥ鷳ڷˣ첻㶫˭Ҳ뿪ˡ
ÿСӣҽ쵹Ҫƾʲôô߳Ҳǳ˼ۺˡ
ˮѽҪĸѾˣһĦȭ׼һȻ˺ǿ˻࣬ȴһ˶־
԰ҪһˮгϷʡ
һδɵСҲսң㲻䡣߳м˵
֪߳һйŹ֣Ȼϴʮһûȥԭģһζõģֱȫɱȥ
ǿԽʲôǣ֮ǰ˵ĻоģĻ㻹治˵㲻֪ûǸλȴ˵ǸλõĻ˸оôĶ𣿡ˮļ
߳ɫǵͨҪ֣ʱǸ˷ȴ˵͹ȥ
ܼ򵥵һ仰߳󲻶ˣϸо쬵ģȻ˷𣺡˵СӺ
û֧𣬶һǾ֧Ϊ˴ЩǵĶȴû˿£һԾԾԣЩ˲ǲ֪ǣ֪ǵ£˵Źֲҹ֣˷˵
ǲǣ߳˵仰Լоô
˷ֱûٻ
˷Ļһֱˮ뿴˺ͱﲻһȻԳΪľ֧˿ɶǳҵˣó˵ɾ֧ˣҪǿʲô̶ȣ
ˮһֱ˹ĺУ̫ˣȵˮΪʲôôȣȿɲװ֪η֣һĵ̣ݵ
ˮԼе̣ҲоԼȣôԷҲǿĵ̣Ȼôȡ
ƺûʲô˵ģֻһվˣҪˣʼɣ˷΢Цˮ˵
ˮЦˣǽɣ
󷨣
ˮ󷨣ΧʵڲڶνֻҪһЩ˷ͿˣһλÿԷŶˣҲ޵ģ޺ˮʵйϵˮʵÿλϸûκġ
˵ûκġ
ˮ򸾣ȻֱӽȻһ̤׷ͻֱ֮ӽΧ֡
һ
ֱ߳ȥˮǸ˷
˷һ־ҪΪҲԷնɱ߳
ˮ˷Ȼֱ̧־һתƣ
˷ɫޱ䣬ӰѸٻһĲӰִӡ
žž
תƽӡ飬Ǵ˷ϣԷƺʲôһ׹⣬ֵ˲ٹ
ӷǿӷﻹǿԵֵģˮĸ񵲵ǲӷ񵲡
ˮ֪Էϵıڸ񵲵ģ֪ǲǱ˷ˮȥˮҲû׼̧־Ǿһӹӡ˴ʱٶʵ߳ϡ
߳һӽӲˣվԭһ
ʱɢ˸оĺëˣʱ򸾵ǰնϡ


2302 Ŷ˷
Ӳӱ̶һټˮķӹӡֱѣˡ
ڵĳ򸾵ʵˮļӳ൱ĿֲȻ߳˲䱬˿С
սһʼ߳ˣ

һ߳ˣ˷Ǳ߲ϵķ޺ܶ˶гԼޣ˷߳һֻɫľǣ򸾵ҲгԼޡ
һʱ˾޴ޣˮʱҲǽԼгû֮Уˮ㡣
˷Ҳе̫̾ŹˣѾԼµ˵ʵ֪׼׼
սʼˣ˫սܼң˷ֲľȻ󲿷ֶԼߵġ
ɽϻ֮ѾѶʵ൱һ뻹࣬ߵʵȴ˲һһһóһ˵ʵԶԶ߼Ǳߣرڵĳ򸾵Ϊ׵һЩʵ
ˮڶĳ֣ȫ״̬¶תƻϿԴ˭˭ˣһҪҵ򲻵ѣȻˮ֣ο˰˻ҪԼֵĻᡣ
򸾻г塢ˮߵˣڶ绢Ⱥһˮļֻޣ϶ڲͣɱ¾Ҳ˲ٳһЩˡ
ϲԷսе⵽Χ󷨵ĺôԳˣÿλöǼʮˣ໥ӦÿλöǿߣڳҲһλã׻λá
׻λɱӵĹֲܿ򸾵Ĺֲûһ֮Уռһλã塢ռһλá
ʣλˮ˷λá
˷һʼͶˮֱֻҪɱˮԷһн᲻ƣղһ㱻򱬣һ˲䵽ڶ¡
Ѿﻢ£òڴ˳塣
£
˷Ǽص·˲ý˷ʱҲԵ÷ⱦׯ£ӰƺҲڲϵŴһ޷һ
гɱζѪȵϢһ̶ׯϵķ嵭ˣ˷ڿ޴˫Ȼէֱ֣סˮ
ˮû뵽˷ڷ軹Ǻڿ̲˷ҲһģޱǿֺͶԷִš
ۣ
ˮժۺͷ۲࣬ˮͨٲһ

ʱ˷һֱۣһɽһȻ¡
ʱˮ˷ֲܿʵѾԽ֮ǰˮڼӳ£ķҲرĿֲ
ɽʽ
ˮ֪˷ߵǴ׷һֻҪĸһоͻ᲻ơ
ˮûȥֵԷǿĹֱӷ
ԣ
޴ɽһֱֱˮϣСȴƺûκһɻƳ˫֡
䣡
˲˼һĻˣޱȸߴֱӱˮƷˡ
˸о˼飬޴ͨһķôб
䣡
޴·һȻʧˣٴγΪ˷ӣںǱҲû֮ǰôˡ
㲻Ǻܵ𣬼ˮЦſ˷
ûκκøУڣȴ˳ôˣҲûʲôʾǵĴ߶ûܵصĳͷ
ҳǿΪвк³ġ˷ɫ࣬ʲôʱôǱڵǿߣԳԽΪػĴڣȴǼǱ
ΪҲ֪ڵģҼȻҴûаڷ˵£㲻ܴ𡣡ˮм˵
ʱѾŵԣ
֣ôôǿԱĲϵĺˣѾˣҪǿѱնˡ
Ϊҳ֣֪ûУһ߲ϵĹһ˵
ҲãҲգҪбľ򡣡ѪЦ˵
㵹ѣѾ׼ˣǾ·ɣģҲȥһµġ
ȺвϵĴÿγֶǴһǿֱֲӲ޵֮һĶסˣһӣϿв˿жѩϼ˪
˷ʱŭ٣ֶ뿪Ÿ
ˮȻһǿ󣬾ŸǼˣϾʮǴ˵еĴڡ
ء
֮ŸΣϵĻ裬һʱޱ貵Ĺ£֯һ޴һ¡
ˮҲǶ뿪һֻ޴ĽɫӰ֡
ܣ
أһ翪ٵһֱӽΧը貵Ĺɢȥ
˷𿴵ٴɫ䣬˾Ȼ񼼡


2303 ݷصĲС
ˮֻг˻ܣаˮҲд󣬶ԸСҲҪ߾ȫο˷ɲСһϲʲôɱﵣŤתսֻ֣кˡ
ҪϣȻԷôҪָɴ࣬һؾͲҪУǾ顣

Ȼ˷ȥ˷𶴸ЩȻǿ󣬵ͻܱǲ˲٣οʵڵˮսûʲô֮
˷оˣѾˣп˵ҲޱȵĿֻţΪ
⣬貵Ľ⡣
ڻҪĴ˷ʱ򣬶Էȷʵ貵Ľ⣬ʱˮ˷һɫĵ̺һĶҲһףȻˮͿ˷ʧˡ
ݷ
ˮޱȵľȣȻֱһֱıõģ˲Դ֮⣬ҿΡ
籦ܶ࣬ݷС
ֶ󣬱ϾõģÿŷʹʮңȻƷʺõģԸһЩƷֻʹһΣʹüⶫޱȣֵҲǺܸߡ
˷ֱɥʧսģ߳ˣҲˣڻи𣬴ʱֻ˷ȫǳ˷ģû뵽
ǿһΣٴȥɵӣҵˮ˵
ɱ˵ģʲôġˮЦſžɽϵĺǲϵðѾϵȴλȫѪܵġ
о仰˵ûԶĵҲûԶѣǷ˷һ飬û뵽ԷȴǰҵЦ˵
ڵʱֻܲһˡ
еʱܶ¶иĹĻᣬЩһξ͹ˣԶûиĹĻᣬļһЩˡ
ˮ˵
Цţ֪Ѿûصˣ̾лл㣡
ˮԺٰ˻ҪһЩѣ㿴ʱ˵
ˮ˵ʲôݣ
۾һ֪ǸᣬϽ˵Ҵ磬ҵĻǺЧġ
ãҿԷȥȥ߼ҵʱϣҵʱһ𣬲ȻҲһңԼǺá
ˮЦ
ˣһˣΪǰ˶ˣһֻ˷û˷нݷˮʼ֪Ȼֱӽ
ˮоŹонʱͶԷʵйϵǽһУܳʲôҲ
ˮģȻ֪нݷ´μϾܣȻֻҪԼˣʥʯָ뿿һ˻Ǻ׵ġ
˷֮⣬Ҳȫնɱ
ϣܴһ㣬Ȼʱˮ治ҡ
ˮ뵽˲ҴС㣬δҵӦֶӣϣŮеǾе𲻴ǾŮûк
ˮ벻֪Ů˵Ǽ޹ȥãǲ޺ã
һսó˸Ӽ˷ˣԺ߳ˣͬʱ˽ǧ˶Щ˿ǸǿһȻֻеһ֣Щڵĳǰȴǲġ
ٴ˷ܣرǺһˣѾ׼ͳҹˣǲ֪ܲҲҪȴû뵽Ľ
ɶǿޱȣҿĵףսʤ˺ܶĺóԣȾƴţһʱ˷ܣϾںܶ˵ͷ·һ·һ㡣
طҲޱȣرǲңҴСʵǲǿģ֪Сɲ⣬׶ǿֻ֪شһҪҲС⡣
ʱһ˽Ѿնɱָʾ
Сͷų
ǣ
ת뿪
ˮĻһܾȣⲽСΪʲôҪɱʲôģⲻҺҵìҲδ
ˮʱ֪ҲͲÿЩˡ
ǽ쳣ƽƽ˲ڣһжΪҵԭ֪ôǿĳڣܶܶ⻪Ĵڶˣޱȵİ֡
Що֮ǰԼʵ̫֮ˣ֪ηڲ֪ж󣬾һũԪӲȥسǣڴܸУͻȻһ쿴˿ųӽˣǶĳӡ
ЩȻ֪бǿģڻûУﳤҲϣ̫߳ԶûЩ˵ǿߣףҲɱĵطǲǺһϾҲǽϵĴˣΪνʲô֪ʶһֵεĻ֡


2304 ǰ˻򣬲۵Ķ
ûжûвٵĳٴι󲿷ֶգȻڹ̫ÿʵҲ⣬Ҫôܻ࣬ɺܻӭ
Ȼǿĵĺܣڰ˻ȴŭ˹Ϣ
˷صڣȻҲ֪ķչȥôˣҲٶֶΪ֪ûκսȴȫ˷ҲǾһˡ
Ȼ˵ӻģֻһŵĽڡ
ʱҲһĦȭƣǷŭޱȣһ侲ΪȶԷˣȴǱɱˣڵʲôʵ
֪ܶһģʱǽһȮ߼Ѿˣһ߼ʧȥ߼ҵĺ࣬ȥ١
߳ˣҲ֪õʲôԵȻôǿ󡣡߼һͷڴ˵
߼ҵܴ󣬺ܹӣӵǽϵŸָߣһͷŸͷצӵġ
ǰûΪܶ߶ġ
ôǿôһ߼սҪ׼һ˵
˵Ķ԰˷𶼱ֻӱܣ֪ҳǸСǿʲô̶ȣһü˵
˷˵ˣһˣΪ˲óôǿ˺ܹŹ֡һģ˵
ţҲ˵ˣʱû⣬ߵ˵˵ʲôõİ취ļʵ
ߵȻǸˣ߼Ҳǵλ⣬ǼСӣȴһţȻᣬʵǿ󣬶Ǳ߻߿УΪ߻Сһͽܡ
߼˶࣬ڶ߼ӵܣ߼ڵǸӲ߼޻ѵʱĳұƵ˲ĵز
ߵʺãϳɣܶ鶼жʶܶһĻ͸
ף˷ҲӦ˷ǱӦҲ֪ʹýݷӻģܰ˷Ƶ̶ȣǸˣô˾ԺǿҶʲôǱиˡߵ˵
ôأܵסڵĳ𣿡һ߿ߵʽ˵
鵽һʵѾÿˣΪ˲߼ҴԪֻܿˡߵЦ
ң߲ʵ
Ӧ˵ҵƣŵĵӣųֵĻǿûáߵ˵
ܶ˶еĹϵų֣ףǳش飬ŵҪﱻˣ
ܶ뵽ﶼǹŹֵĿߵ
Ϊ˶֪⻰˼ҪƳ£ֻƳžͻ֣ʱҪһ㣬ȻʱԷѾ߼ңôҲûʲôˡ
߼ڰ֣Ȼˣʲôð취
ڴƾã˵ڵػ޺ǿ󣬲ֵ֪ܲܵסԷ
ҲӲɾԱƵһ̶Ȼʹػ޵ġ߼˵ƺһЩס
ôǣѵܺô뿹ɣ˵
ڳ׼׼ǰ˻Ȼڳ˲࣬Ҳؽˡ
һǾӼǨƣԷʱʹùСʹģϾһ򣬻ûУԷǴӰ˻򴫵ǺȻڳѸٸġ
ˮҲȸǺ򱱷Ǹдĳǳء
дĳǳʵһкüǳضУŷǣݳǡǳǡǺǵȣд󣬲ֻܵͰ˻
ˮһ˵ǳǣҺܿ죬첻ʱ䣬⻹Ƿٶȡ
ͻȣǳǿӵĴ磬ĴǱѳ֣һʹòϵġ
ǳǰѳִǴ޼ҡҺǱԨڡ
ڶԷҲṩ
Щ֪ˮһǴĻĺֱӾܾˮ˵
Ŷṩ֪˻һЩôġ˵
ʵҲ֪˻ͨǳǻݳǡŷǡǺǹģЩҪҪǶԷʵǰ˲á
ǲ֪ˣû¿ˣǺæġ
ǳǵΪ׵һ˲ͷ˵
ֱӹȥһסĲӣЦ˵ٸᡣ
СӣҪǹңǳǲˡ
ƺڱסһҲġ
ˣô㿴ʹôأ
˵ֱӰڵϡ
˻Ҷ𣬳ʲô
ڵϵ˲м˵
꣡
ֻû˵ͷһĹҲһҽС


2305 ˻˻ĳǣ߼ҿʼ
ҲȶҵȣˣҵԶһιġ
໴С
꣡
ֱٴ̧ŽԶһҲȶˡ
㻹ȣɵһĺܲҡԶҧ
ӷõ˻˵ɵĲҲȲ˵Ҿ֪ʲôвҡ˵Ƕٴβš
ʲôˣſүʱ˺С
֮ǰ̫죬ǳǵĴҲұ鷳Ͳˣ˭ҵ鷳ԶΪУȴǼ竣ǱǿҲֻ۸
۸ˣ۸ĺܲңԼſڱ۸ˡ
쿴ЩʵˣֱӴ˹ȥһֱӱĿѪ
ûжþһˣҴҵĸδʲôǳ£
ˮˣǺܶ࣬жʮˣΪ׵Ǹߴˣϸһ˫۾񣬿˲ڽµԶʱޱȵķŭ
磬Ⱦңұ˴ĺòҡԶ˿ĺ
˿ԶĲɫͱˣһ˫۾ס죬ϢʢʲôˣΪʲôôص֣
ˮ˾֪Զͬ˺ܷŭûʧȥǡ
ֻڽ˵ĵ˲У򲻳ɲšЦ˵
ҵ˳ɲɲŻֲ򣬷ſ䣬ˣԷǲĵܵܣܵĺ𣬺ܲɲţҲֲ
ţһȥ˵һ򡣡ֱ˵
˼ģûмôԵģһʱһ㶡
һ֪Ը˾ҪԵ
úãҵҪĹȥˡɫѿ
ˮ߿ǽأǱֻжʮˣڶŰ
ôûĥԶϵҽС
죬ſɣǻûʱ˷ѣܹµֱȥ˻򡣡
ˮ˵
ͷֱһžͰԶ˳ȥ
㡭
ûжãˣһҲ࣬ǰмͷӣл潡׳ޱȡ
ʲôˣΪ׵һֱӿڣӣе֮
ǳˣذ˻򣬽󴦵Ĵһáʱ˵
ˣ
Ϊ׵ĸɫһæ˵úã׼֮ǰԭ£
˻߼Щ˵ͨǳǵģȻȻȽϹעȻҲ֪Щ飬ֻһ˷ȥǱޱȣһȴûһٳֹ
ЦЦˣ
ԶԼǸ˴ʱɫǺܾʣرԶ֪Լٴװˣ˴˫ȣĳҪ˵ǸԷʲôͷ
˵̬ȺܺãˮһȻҲͲٶ˵ʲôֱӺǰ
Ǹ󷨣Ǻܴ󣬵һοԴˣٶ˲УطҪĲҲ
һâһĹ㳡ΧصͼŷķһĶÿ涼ž޴ʯâм仼һʯ
ˮ֪رǴǮĴڣһĲٵʯ
ʯ߽ǮңѰĽߵ˵ûʲôãʹõǮҶʯϾöǽ򲻵ġ
ʯ̺Բ󣬿ֱЧʣôܴʯȻҲƷʣƷԽߣֵҲԽߡ
ܿâ﷢ĹâŸоһκֻһ˲䣬ָˣȻǳڰ˻һϡ
ִֻǶͣҲ˵ﴫͣǱҲýӣ̫ԶԾֻã˫붼ҪţȻû͡
ˮһ˲õİ˻򲻽ӡ
ĴǳǵǸûʲô𣬲һͱ˵סˣʲôˣʹôҪǮġ
ţʱһ˳һ˹ȥ˵
ˮһЦôʲô˺ûйϵɣʹôҪǮ
һٿļʯ΢Ц˵
Ҽǵʮʯôôˣӵʵ
Ҳ֪˵ֻۣǮЦ
ļҵĴڵˣˮʵ
߼ҵĴǰ˻ĳǡ˰˵
߼ҵĴºˣˣֱȥ߼Һˡˮ˵
ͷãȥ߼ҡ
Ǯ¡˾Ȼˮһٶˣͷ˵
˵һٶˣҲ£ǰ˻ĳǣ߼м𣬶һϳڴϵĶˣ߼¹˭
Ӧ˵ľһͨᣬȻ𣬵һʵǲϾɱġ


2306 ߼Ӱᡭ
߼Щֱӱı׻ˣȻˮһ뿪߼ҵĴŲԶ߼ȥ
ˮһ˵ٶ̫ˣ߼ҵڻǶߵģ֪˶ʱ䣬ӻǵǳһҲҪһЩʱգ˭֪ˮѾ˰˻
˻׵ľԴİ˻ģ˻ĺܴҲΣգθӣޣǿޣĵرУΣյĵطҲǶںܶ˵һĵط
߼ڰ˻ĳǵ棬һĸۡռغܴܹ㣬ӴĽٴ˱仯Ϊﲻ¥󣬵ȴǺ¥ߣֻһ㣬ʵʵׯϹӣһֻ˯Ĵһ
еģˮ߱߿ƽͣƺɽˮһ˿ûнţ鶼Ѿ׼ֱս
ˮһ˵ϸ磬߼Ȼֱؽңǣˣ֪ͨûС
ʱﲢôƽãѾȥˣֻûж
ϣҲҪǵѡ񡣡ˮ̾˵
ʱһӵվſڣ
˭к£һ˹
ǳˣӵ˵
һ󾪣۾һתλֵȥȥͨһ¡
һȻɻûлͷȥͨʲôܲЩȴȥɡ
ϵô˵ҲҵѪҪȥΪ˾ȻѾˣôѸ٣ûжԶһ
˹
ţ壬ǼҴҵʲô΢Цʵ
ҴˣѾ˰˻ˣһ磬˴ȥˣ㿴
üͷﰵÿ죬˵ˣ֪ˣȥɣ
ҼϵҲûжãҼǸˣһѷʵĽһɫӣվֱӦƵһˡ
վҲǺѷɫ޳ʣҪŵĵӣݿ˵ǿףڶòͷ
ҶڳȻҲǺ޼ˣǿδһ֪Ѿ߼ҵʱҳּӵܴˮĻڹȥһԿ߼ҡ
ŭһ˹ȥ
ӵܱΪҵ˺ò£ȴû뵽ˣҲΪʲô
ףôʵ
Ҫȿ߼Σ⼸ҵĶ˵
и㣬˵ѣҪ˵ʱһ߽ſ˵
ã֪ˣϾȥ˵ĸȳȥˡ
¾ȥɣСһ㣡϶һ䡣
֪ˣף
˳ȥǰԺǸӣʶ߼ҵ߳ɸգЦֺã
Ҿ˵˭أԭϵܣ߳ɸսȥ
߳ɸҡҡͷ֣ҳȥ֮⻹Ҹ㴫Ϣ
ʲôϢֱӰǸȺˡ
ڳҵǸСӣҲڳͲСϵһ㣬ܶ˶֪飬ҵá߳ɸտ˵
ƴʱŭڵȼգȻ֪߳ɸûʲôģѨ磬ҲСۣ
㲻ߣҺһȥν콾ֱ˵
߳ɸյͷߣһǺôţгңҵҪƾʲôôš
ƿ߳ɸգֻЦǿ߳ɸյģʲô˺üΡ
վںΰ߼ǰվ߼ҵţҳһˣֻصǱծ
Ǻ죬ȴǺԶȥԶԶ˻ĳһƬϿԶ
ʮˣһˡ˵
߼ȷʵ֣ϣһܰ߼ˣǲ֪ܲܣ
ɲ߼һģһվʱԵĲһҸѰ
ҲɵӣһôսȻ̣ǰװġҲ˳ֲͬ
߼ҵ˹ڼ޻ҳңǲ̵ɱҳҲˣôȥˣҲûˡɻ˵֮ǰҪúܶô£һҪվסһ塣
ȻܶʱƴĻȭͷ廹ǲ١
ǳˣʲô߼ǰʲôôڰ˻ĳҪ۸߼Ҳɣʵڼǲˣ߼Ӱᣬ߼ң߼Ҳ߼һ˳Ϊ׵һаȵĳų˵


2307 ҲҸо
ſаȵˣͬһˣֻǿһһ߼ߵеأе񣬲ʱļ̤һ׵Ĺ˵Ϲˡ
һֱоԼܲҪڲ֪Ҳô࣬ԭûвҪֻиҪǼˡ
쿴Ǹߵ˵
ĻȻǺ죬Χȴǿúرǳˣо仰ܶԣһ˽ŷϡ
ҲҪ޵ˡ
Ҫ֣߼ӲҪֲһˣ˻ĳ˭֪
˵Ҫ̧ǼһˣһǼġ˵
ˮû뵽ǲһ㣡
ֿ͸֪ܲܿ᲻һ̸Ц
𣬱˵
ޱȣ߼ǱɫѿرߵˣȴǱİ֮ǰЩǱҪĶࡣ
ֱƿڴĻߵģñѪһֱ׷ģڶԷԼѪ
ҵҪ߼ô֪ʲôпһȺɥĲ񶾵
ߵ˵
ߵʮλˣЩҲ߼ǿߣ浹ǻвˣЩ˵ʵ治
˺Ȼˣ
ʱһ˹Ϊ׵һУһһĴУΪͷ룬Ҳ䣬ܸսһˣĸߴ̸Ӣȴǰʮ㣬һ޴ȡ
һȺУ٣ÿһʵ
ڣ
ڵһ˹ڳˣôҲӲϵԻǳ߼һϣ棬ʱźҲ˼ͷ
Ǳ̣ˣˣŸɮ壬аȿѣȶˣоˣҲԼ޳˽ҵľ磬ɾ͵Ǵȴ󱯵ľߣ֣ҲԶɲķӡˮΪ׵Ǹ˵
˭ʲôʸ˵𣿡Ǹһ£һɫȻˮȵ
˭㿴˭
ӽӡ
תƣ
һĽˮ֣أӲӣǿѹú̲ܶסֶͷĤݵĳ嶯Ҳ𾪣ˮʹõķŹҿޱȵĸ
ž
ֱӱˣ
ˮѾеǿ󣬶ڷ𷨵ģķѾͼǧĶƣҪһǧͯࡣ
Ҳˮֱ˵һЩֱˮŭɥĲĶǲġ
һѾΧʱƺ߳ɸոյÿһĻò˵ޱȣͬʱŵҲˣһ˶Ǻܶ࣬Ѿǧ֮ˣеĺ˰˳ҡ
Ʊˮսģˮ˴Уһή
ˮ֮ǰѾ󷨺ս⻷ϣˮѡĶӷģȻּ˷ӽӡһʵֲ̫ˣһɱ񣬷ɱ
ƿҲûˣ֪⼸ܲסܣǺȻˣ뵽ҲǸȻЩﲻôס
úݶһϺпˮߺ޵˵
ݶǼȻڵģ֪ʲôǧĶƣѾ˰ɣ֪⹦ôҪһǧͯҩˮҲֱ˵
ʲôҵиǱģĪǸɵģ߼һ˴ĺ
侲ʲôʱˣ˵ЩС˶Էơ߼һæ˵
Ҷ֪ʵĿԺܴΪܶ˶֪ǧĶĹ򣬲ƲȷǸǲǧĶơ
˵ʦȻǧĶƣõ޵࣬ʦȱΪһһĺд˵
õ޵࣬߻ħĿˣɣǧĶƱģҪòܳʮ꺢ͯࡣˮ˵
ĺΪʦ粵³ˣһ֪ǴȷʵǧĶơ
ңѾȥˣú̸̸Σģ׼Ҽڰ˻ĳҡ߼Ҽվ˵
ȷʵȥˣ˯ˣͻгĿҪָҲɱʳѰ˵ʲô׼ҳңھҲµҵĸо̧ͷ߼˵


2308 ɱѹߵֶ
ȷʵǳ˵ҲҪĽܶʹ࣬ˣһ˫Ůˣ׳ĿԺСбҵ
仰ܳأ߼ҵȼҲǸоޱȳأڲ޿֣ΪǸоҪδ֪ĽﻹԼԼĸоԼһҪһЩ۲ſԽЩ
Ϲ֣ҽ㿪
߼ֱӳ˹ȥ
ʱսǻһֻ޴Ĵӣˮ㹻ֱ֮ȻŴ¡

Ǿսеսǿڴҳһ޴Ĺ֣γһ޴˺վеĿֻ꣬Ҫͻᱻš
ӹӡ
ˮֱӴһ޴Ľ𣬶أɫĹδ̵۾߼ߵ˲ٱ˺֮ǣȥ߼ȴǻУֻһ˲ЩѣΡ
عҪˣΪʱĿһѾǿĹľս׼ʹһ˲תͨʱȴǷһ޴ĽԼ֡
ѣΣ
һң֪ˣȻһˡ
ۣ
һֱӿ߼Դ
һֻǷһ˲䣬߼Դȥڵϵ߼Уܳأڳ˵ö˼ʮǳһС
ͳͳз죬е㼤رǳЩϵĵӳޱȣ֮ǰİоҪŲȥˡ
ˮǿˣˮûκε뷨ԳԼһУҪҲԥһ¡
ɱˣɱǣ߼˴󺰡
ߵʱ˫۶ˣ鷢̫ͻȻʱûг嶯ҪΪױ𣬶ǿЩˡ
ʮλ˴ʱ˳ųȻֱó˲һƬӰ˳
߼˾͸ˣʱϻʲôǶһģڴһǣǰ˻ĳһ徲ߵ˻ߵĴС
ڶˣȺ˳˳ңŵҲˣҲˡ
ߵ۾ĶˮųĿȴϡ
һߵߡ

׷֮һ
ˮϵʩչɽӡӸӡ
Է̫ˣˮгޣֻˮ˶гˣһ׳һۿȥǾ޴ޣˮͳ˱һţʱһ壬඼ǺԶҲˮ󷨺ɽǡ
ˮϵߣǲܱ֤ˮȫԸͣΪ˲ֻܾԷͷˡ
ˮϣ߼ҵʮǿߣʱڿභȻڵʵԷ࣬һʱ侹Ȼסˡ
ɽ
䣡
ɽڵʵ㲻ҪǼǶܻеСֲˡ
ӡ
ˮǿѹֱѹ˾ɽϡ
һֱӰѳҳһСĿյأЩ˱ɵʱ򸾻ˮ޶ˡ
հ׻޴Ⱥвϵ̽ʱĴҽС
Ůгطﻹ棡
ƿĺˡ
ߵʱߵ˵ūүүɱ
˵ͷǿ͵һһһذһĹɫֱӲƵĺġ
ƵʵҲˮһЩв٣ϾţڱֱɱˣɱϢ˵ٶһûдΧһԪ
㣡ƿ߼˺ֻ˵һ־Ҳ˵ˡ
һȭէ֣ȻһŴƺϣֱӰѺ߳˸ѪƵʬȴ
ƣʹĴС
ˮֻ֣ƵôϢˣԼûж֣Ҳûж֣ʣµ²ûж־û
ûж룬Լɱ˵ģҲɱ
սڽУϵ˱ɱ⵶Ӱ裬ˮķӸӡÿһͻشһΣöԷ֪´ȥ˺⡣
Ҳˮһ޴̣ΪҴСʵ8000˻ʲôҲˮоûʲôѹΪԼ԰ѶԷ˺һ˲˼ĵز
ּ٣һһּ򵥵ĺϻ֮Ȼ򵥣ʵã޾ʵҲԱ
ۡ
ĵһ߼ҵЩ߲ϵ䡣
Ҿ֪ʲҪϢҲҪһǰˡ
ɱѹ
ˮľɽ϶תƲϵѹżҲɽˣսңѪ죬ҡ߼ҡԼŵ˲ϵ䡣


2309 նɱߵȭ
սʱ䲻ǺܳѪȾ߼ΧгѪսˮʶſģͻȻʶпӰѸٵ뿪ѾҪʧʶıԵ
ͨ
ˮֱʹͨȻѸٵʧĵطȥ
Ź
һֱӳԽӰˮ۾ߵһϵˡ
ܲģˮ˵
ߵˣˮǴֱӳĺã߼ҵ̫࣬رߵˡ
Ѿ˴ˣǵʱ򶼻ߵʱ̵Ц
Ͳòˣ֮ǰǰ
ˮޱ˵ѿ˾ŹĽҲˮŹһŹˮ죬˵㡣
ŹһЩܶôǿʵ붼Ҫܵˮѹ
ߵҲû̫ľţһ߲ɫʲôһ˵ɱƣ֪ʲô𣿡
ˮȻ֪֮ԼסΪҴСԭ򣬶֮ǰƵҲоΣԼоʲôʱɫ˵ʲô˲ҪѾˡ
֪ûţߵЦ˵
ţʲôˮû˵κȻʵĳӣԻ˵ˡ
ף֪ʲôĶһʵȫҲɱߵˮ̵Ц
ˮȻǺܵģﻹ΢΢һɲǸʲô
˵ˣͷˣ˵ʲôϿ˵ɣ
ˮ֪Էһ˵ģԼ²˵ͻ˵Խࡣ
һǿϵСһͽܣǱ裬ɱͽܣ֪ܲܳסŭ𡣡ߵٺЦ
ˣˣҲ·ˣˮҪ֡
ǵδأҪߣҲס
ֻû˵ɫޱ䣬Ұޱȣˮ·𿴵ʲô˼Ĵڡ
ǲҪʹжݷܣ
ˮЦˣ
ߵһֱһϵһݷȴǷûκηӦһҲûˣ֮ǰô򶨣Ϊһ
ʧЧ־ѾѸ壬һʱоޱȵı䣬˫ȷ·Ǧж޷һ¡
ͬĻˣߵܵʱһ˵ʵǺǿģߵϾᣬļʮ껹Ҫˡ
˵еɫݣ·ϺܿɣϺܹ죬Ϊˣ֪ûܺûʲôţһ˫ɭ۾ˮ
˶ˣһѹӵذף˵ĶȣһͳˮֽߵԶܣԭͿʹݷˣһƬˡ
˱Ͼʶ㣬֪ˮôؾԲ̫
ߵɫһԥȻʲôˣ˻Ǻصģһүүģ߼һһڰɱ䣬ߵܺãǾȹߵ
ˮôߵأֱͨסߵ
־Ƕתƣ
ߵʵβƺͲҴС㻹ǲһΣŹ֮ǰļ٣ͨѾעˡ
£
ߵĿ˲Ѿʧˣ
ɫǺƽҲ֪֮Ĳܴ֮ǰԷԽ̫࣬Ǵ̿ͣǿľˣԼԺĶȲԷ
֪ˮõĻƾͲôˣֲҲ֮һ

һȭ
ˮʲôҲû룬Ȼȥһȭҳ
أ
ˮľŹ¾Ȼûбܿˮһȭˣûʲôˮȴһ㶣ΪʶһȭѸˮ
Ǿݹһȭ
ȭ
ܼ򵥵֣ʱˮҲ˲ϸֱʩչһ¿κˡ

ˮһȭӳһԼֱƺӰһȭӳˮоһȭǿǴδйģʩչһƺûڴǿ
ԣ
һ죬ֱӱˮһȭĵɳȥѪ
ˮסˣһȭǿҲڰѶԷôذɣڲʱֱһ׷˹ȥһбȭ˫ƺһһһȭӳ˵죬һȭˮоر泩·һȭ
һȭ˵ĿڣֱӽսΧҲҪˣ߼ҵǱߵҲ˼ϾԷ̫ˣһЩ⣬ȫҲ̫ʵ
սˣ˶ʮˣʮˣСʲôľͲˣĶʮ˶ʵЩȻеСѹܵ˵Ǻܿĵġ


2310 ǿıȭؽ
ǽһƬģĸо̧ͷ죬ЩѾȥĳˣǿֻˡ
ڳ˶Ǻܸпÿ˶ԼĹУǼĹУǰÿˣСƥҲãԼĹҹУӦǾ仰ƥ
ˮЩȻעŵ˾ݹһȭþûиµսˣһû뵽Ȼεıȭ
Ǿѣεսֻ֮ǰһֱûеһֱûи
ˮȭ
ȭ
ǿ幥ȭѧȭһǿΪȭ޴岻ǿڹԷʱԼûǿҲʹȭ
ҪģԽǿԽãҲҪķȣܳȻԼˡ
һٶȣٶȾͬĹٶȺҪٶĴһΣٶȿĿԴΣ˵һ˵5ٶ2һ˵2ٶ5Ϻһٶ5ĿԶ๥ΣԳ˲֮ͬ
ˮҪΪһʱʱȭ
ˮ棬رĿˣȭû˵ʵֻ֪ٶȾ˱ȭֻҪԳסôͿԽԽֲ
֮Ǳȭ߱һ˺5ĿϿ˺8ߵ˺ֵǱȭɫ
ȭΪÿһȭǵֲĻٶȾǿȡ
ǱȭˮоΪԼȭҲǣԼģΪԼҲǶôͻأϾݹԼӡеĴڡ
ִеĶǺãΪȭ·ӡһֱӲĥҲûʲôĿռ䣬ûһɬĸо·Լ˲֪һ
ˮ룬ԼǿԼǿȣҲǷǿȻľʹԼٶȣȭͻԽԽ󣬵ʱԼҲαһ
ˮҲܿϾ˭ɽһֱߵĿƿأֻһ㣬˶תƺͷɽҲֲˣǺԼûйϵתӲʹһΣɽҪǷٶȡ
ǱȭоˬҲ˿Ժͱ˽սȭˡ
ˮعеİ˿ڣеĴͬʬ壬еںˮ򸾣ŮҲڸ
ս˺ܶ˶ǺǱŮôһȾһս
֮ǰսչֵʵúܶ˾ȣǵõ񴫳У֮ǰսûܽ߻һֻûг߲ڱ֪֪߲Ͳ֪ˡ
ϸ磬߰ɣȥң֪֮ǰĳһڲڡˮΧ˵
Ѿȥ˼ʮ꣬Ľ֪ڲڣڣ˭ģ
ţ治֪ôл㡣ˮļЦ
ǰ֪ʲôϵాҵŮҲֵܣֵܾͲҪôӺɷһЩˮЦ˵
Ҫ㣬Ҳѣû˰ھʱ˷ָоѾѵġЦ˵
⣬ף˵ˣѾͲˣҵõֵܾͿˣˡˮȻ⣬Ƿ鵱Ȼˡ

ң
ĳڻڣҲ־޴ӵĽվڳּǰǹžɵĴŵʱƲסˣҺܶ˶̲סˡ
ʮˣû뵽гһջԻصصҡ
ųҴţ֮Ż߹ȥǳصĴƿ˺ܶˣԺܿԭûסׯ԰Ȼסׯ԰ҲǼǼԼׯ԰סׯ԰ﻹء
ƿ߽ȥһɻľɫӳУӲݺܶ඼Ѿ˸ˣʱһЩʲôܹԺеĳѾɺˣص׶ǿݲݡ
óһЩʼ˶һٶ˶ǿߣﵹǺɡ
ƽʱĻȻֲǣڲһˣЩƺһܣݣɨܿԺ͸ɾˣеĿʼˮܶѾʼȥɨˡ
ˮŮûж֣Ů޵ĿȻʼΪսΪˮ뵽ǸʲôţźԼԪûдˣֻ߼һǺ͵ĳҲˡ
ɨˣҺܿʹ˲ٵ׻ֲһЩҪĶҲˣϾ˲ٶ


2311 
ҵׯ԰ҲǺܴ󣬵ԲСǰԺӣÿԺӶСͥԺÿҲϰٸСͥԺҺŸ࣬ôɼׯ԰СϾÿׯ԰ĺԺһͤȫÿһСͥԺһĶҡ
֮˵ҲǺܴΪͱļұƺСôһЩ
ˮŮһԺӣԺӣԽǺԽһ㶼Ǽڲס徻
˶ֵطÿ˶ֵܷһׯ԰ģǰǳұҵׯ԰סĶǳұˣһ㶼һͥһСׯԺ
ǰҲԺһҪʲôסġ
ЩһһСׯԺһԺҲס
ۣЩȴǸ񿺷ܣ˭ҲϢԺܶ˶Ǿһ죬ĹȥںԺ
߼Ѿˣ֪᲻ȥڣҺ͵ʵûʲôϵǲ֪ΪʲôһҲŵûв뻹治֪
һ̾˵
ǸȻ˵ǿػޣǻûȥҪܹˡ
ˣǲǣ˲࣬ػ޶Ҫǿ󡣡и˷ܵ˵
ǣҲ֪ʲôΪôǿ󣬻ôֲҪǻ֪Ҫ˶أ˵׼߼Ҳˡ˸п
˵壬һ
˵үС常и˵
Ŷ˼˵үС㻹˾ϲ˵
˵Ķԣʱ˹ϴ΢Цֵøˣ֮һǱҵˣʣµҲǱ˳գܻһսǳˡ
ʲôʱȥڣ˼ʵ
һǳٴγڰ˻ĳǣҪð˻ĳ֪һˣҲѵѸȥЦ˵
֮ǰ߼սʱѾȥˣߵʵ˻ĳҲֻһСͨȻʵҲôﵽʵ
Էʱȥˮһԡ
ˮŮͳһԣ塢һԣ졢ҹ˺ͳҵһЩһԣ
ϸ磬֪𣿡ˮʵ
ţɫһͷ
źǿˮʵ
ףȻ⣬ǸȻźűЬ䣬Żػػ򡣡˵
ػ򣿡ˮһ㶡
һͨлĵط˵ǿ߳Խɱǿ԰ѶԷԼƵһصĵط˫ʵƵһػ򡣡͵
Ĺˮܾȡ
ţȻһЩҪ˭εˡ˵
ߵ˵һСͽܡ
ɫеףϵҲ΢΢͹򳤴ڰ˻ĳǳȻ֪ŵĿֲ޵еĴڣһĴڣҪң綯Сָһ
ɱŵˣǶҪˡЦ˵Ѿû֮ǰɡ
ˣϸ磬ҪģŲѣҲûʲôǾ͸ɴҲˣ˲ˣһҲࡣˮ
ϵܣ֪ǿ󣬵ԷţһֲܿĴڡһ˵ž͸оرĿɬ
ˣʲôҲûãİɣҲûаյ飬ʹһˣҲ֪ǴȥĻ˵ҿĸݺᡣˮЦ
ʵˮһäĿţӡ̫ˣԲǰ֪Լ֮ǰ̫ˣ̫Сˡ
뵽е㲻˼˵ϵܣʵʲôҲˣȻûȫ𣬵߼ѾҲǱ˴ˣҲ̫ѹˣֻ㡣
ǿɲాѾ¶˺ܶ꣬ǻҪؼء
ˮ΢Ц˵
һా磬򸾵ͳ㽣Ҳ¶껹ٵĶŮѾˣô궼֪ôģȻû˵˼˷
ôû뵽һȴط꣬ǲ
ڶ׼ٴγû뵽˱ǶĻ죬ںԼҡ
һ˸࣬ʮ֮࣬ҶǿߣֱӽΧסʮˣ˵ÿʵǿ߾ˣֻ˲Ҫѹ
ӳҿ߿գɽ˺һʮ㣬ʱҲֽŷԷ̫ˣֱӿ԰ѳû
ҵһٵıǣ˶ϣҲɢҥˡ
һܰ˵
ǸУ߻һУˮʶ˷𣬲ʱˮעߣһֻСţһĺ󸣬һ壬ĺڹ⣬һ˫Ѫ˫۳ѪĹΣˮȵ󸳤˫۾һһ۾


2312 ѹսʼ
ҵһٵıǣ˶ϣҲɢҥˡ
ϺǲǿĴûֻ֪ƾѾˡ
ˣӦ˰ɣûͷͺ룬Կеģ˵ĻȴôΪϲ
ڣҿĻоֺܶģһٱ㣬ҳңܵǺȥնݳһˣΪʲô˵Ļƨô𣿡˵
ˮһ㶣Ȼرºͣܵ˵Ҳǣˮоôᳳ˵ģȴǷһ󣬷ŭ˻һַŭС
ڷŭʱѪҺڣʱҵѪҺͨҲܣǲʵеģеҼ䲻ȶеʱֻܳһ֮ͻָ
һֱϹҪϹ
ҲĻڿʲôӣЩȥĳŽѵЩء
˲Ҫ飬Ҫ֪ʲôαˣǸоСǶôĿɰЦ˵
ˮûһֱڿֻۺ󸣬ͨͨˮȻһֱѪԶޣǿѪǿ󣬲ǿ󣬻óͶͨˮϵ
ֻۺǿе֣ˮоۺӦþڵֻػޡ
ˣ̫ûòˣôûиҪ𣿡Ҳżһѵ󱲵ӡ
ȻҪ˶ϣôҾͳȫ㡣úϺзϻ
˷Ƕˮ۾ĹâǿޱȣһεֵģҲûˡ
ϸ磬һᶯ֣СǸ۴󡣬Ҫ̫Ҫס㲻ùܡˮų˵
ãһʲôʵ
ǾʹǸϺкˣҰסˮ˵
ðǾͶְɣƣϺϳ˷ӰӣͬʱΧһ˿Լķ·һ⣬һΧЩ˶ս߿ʵҲ˲١
סôͽ󣬲ҪǿԷ˶࣬һþȽУͰȫˡˮ˵ЩصĲܲսһվп棬Ǻϣһս
ԷΧסңϾԷ̫ˣˮźһڳѾ󷨣ʹõ׶󷨣ǰͳˮгޡհ׻ޡ
ˮǿķҪѶԷһȱڣһȥֱӾ
һתƾͰһǿɱˡ
Ӹӡ
ˮķӸӡϺϣϺеʵҲǺֲܿչչȭɽϿղϵ£ˮϵĳɱ
޴ӰҲѸٵĴ壬롣
ɱ
Էˮ֮߳Ҳˣ˺һˮ߳˶ֱ࣬սĺ٣ϾǵҲǰˮˡ
䡭
޴Ľϵ𣬿ըһѤĹΣϺеҲΪףѪɫĳ׺Ϻսһ
ãˮļӳ¼Ϻ֮ռϷ硣
һ濪򣬶ԷֱһƬɽϵĳɢԷĺΧ֮ƣˮûøҳȥ̫Զ⵽ʱزУĻ治ԷΧɱġ
֮󣬺ܶ˸סˮڱȭһȭ

ž
һֱֲ֧˺һӵܵԴϣͰԴ䱬ˣһóһƬһҡ
ˮѸһ˵ļûô죬ҲûôֲҲˣ࣬Ȼ治ɱġ
ܿˮͿһŽɫףһѾ޴󹭼ӣģĸߴ࣬һ˿һˡ
ŵˣ
ŵ˸ĸߴ󣬷·СһžѪ˵ѪܳѪˣôžͿˡ
ʱеĹٴ˸£һȴսеĳ
ˣˮǸۺ޴ȻһӾ޴ˣСɽһ
ɽ
ˮֱǸɫ˳ȥ
ɽֱӵǴǰ棬Ҳס˽ɫ˵ߡ
أ
޴ĸſһӽɽ¶ӣɡ
ʱɫ׵˵һͣһѤĹ˳ȥȴдϢ
ɽ
ˮʶһֱɽֱ֣âײһ
䣡
ֱըˣǸȻûзɽĲǿ󣬺οڵɽǸ߾磬ٶȺȻǰǿ̫ˡ
֣
һ޴Ӱֱס˽ɫˣʱˮҲ˽ɫߣϾǺܿġ


2313 ֲĴ󡣬֮
ɫ˱ץסԼܶʱɫ䣬ˮѾߵʱɫɷס
羢䣡
ˮܼ򵥵һ͵һȭ˽ɫ˵ʺ
꣡
ˮӰʧԭѾص֮ǰĵطһ˵һ˲䣬뿪ʱ̫Ȼ϶ҡ
ԷֶҲǲѾˣˣһˣѾص˳С
¾ɽǸۺ󸣬ƺɽϵķ޴ɽγ˾޴쫷磬úܶƺҪվˡ
Ҳǵںܶ˲֪ڲĴǸֲܿĴڡ
ˮľɽǿɽֲܿˮʱҲóɽˣľɽۺŵøˣʹĽҲ˺ܶࡣ
Χ֮ž޴Ĳֱ࣬ӷųֻ޴档
һοǴֱʡ
ֻһֿе¶˲併ٶеƶ䶼סˣ¶Ҳֻǿ߿Եֵһֱ˲ˡ
汾ǿ󣬺οֻǴѵʱѾʼǿˣһֱڲϵʵѾˣԪĻδꡣ
ЩҪʵѾﵽ˳꣬״̬Ҳǳ꣬ɾӰԪ
޴治ϵߣѩ׵ϢЩϢǾ綾ľҲܲˣѾǿˣܲס
ĶԿǺˮ⼸ֻûȵģ˺ܶܶ࣬˵ֻѾֲܿˣˮֻжֲͲ˵ˡ
ֱӾǳƬ
ֻļ룬һսɺܶ࣬Է˶࣬ͳЩսĲ࣬ռϲʱ򿼽ϳҵ
£ΪˮѾͳ˵ˣ˾ȻȥϢһ£Ϣٳ
ϵ䣬ʬѾѳСɽһѪԵϢ磬еıȴŲ˿Ѫ֮
ۺ󸻹ڲϵķɵĽˮѾѾɽˣǲܽűɱֻġ
̫£նɱͷˣȺ׻սۿ۵ġ
ҵļѾŮնˣںͼҳϻ߻ս
Ϊ׵Ǹڣ̿ͷһսȴǺܱ뺷켸ǿмܡ
ˮֱ޹ȥڵҲǽȣӦÿԸ㶨ˡ
ɣ
һۺڽɽ˳Ȼ޴ӰֱȻžɽײȥ޴һɽһɽ˲٣ǰǰѾɽԵˡ
йһ쫷磬ҺһϢ

ˮһѾʹˣԡһѩ׵⣬ɫ档
ԣ
ɽײˣˮ֪ҪѾɽײǾΪ˷йŭ
ײɾɽĴ˫̹۾ʱ΢΢죬ֱˮȥſǾ޴Ĵ죬һڵҺһˮԼΧ¡
ͬʱǾ޴Ĵײˮ
ɽ
ˮҴ⣬ŹֵĺܣһһɫĹֱӳ𣬽ЩɫҺε棬ɫĹЩҺξͷҵ·ڲϵıڡ
ۣ
ɽۺ壬ɽֻ̫ˣһ󺺻磬ϸţëһɲ˾޴˺
ԣ
ˮһȻײ÷
̣
ˮ־һڴ
ž
̾Ȼ̴˴󡣬ֱˣˮϵ̵ͨģ̿ǱӲĽҪӲܶ౶ûǸӲ
ɣ
ŭƺԼûײرķŭ޿һţǾ޴ͷȻˮȳޱȣЩճҺǺڻɫģһ۾ͶģҪǱȥҲᱻ
ͻȻˮ뵽СҲֱ𼸸ֱѸٵӽûֱһһ˴ϡ
һǿⶾʲôģۺǾ綾֪᲻ڳ˺
䡭
޴ıô󡱾ںڵƺˣϵķɵĽܷŭƺʹ࣬ˮֶԷʹ಻ΪЩһ
֮ǰɽԵ˵ҲǺǿЩ˲ģһȴ󡷢ʹĽɫڵƺһ֡
仯ˮһ㶣ĵЦˣֱѸٵĳ嵽˴ǰ˫ӨɢʥĹΡ
֣֮
ȭ
ˮȻһȭһӴϡ
žۣ
һ·ʲôһˮԼһӴˡ


2314 ʤˣͼ񾳹Ż
ˮԼλãȻֱӳһ״СĿӣһƬѪģ
Ǻܴ󣬵һ״СĿҲСˡ
󡷢˲ҽУ˿ڶ˵Ǻܴ󣬵ĵʹȴ޷ܵģֱʹ˺ѷΣǩָ׷죬޴Ӷ̲סɪɪ
̫ˣôֲǾ綾ֲǺڰԵޣʥǵִʱˮѸٵĽȭ缲һ㡣
ɡ
ҽ쳹ʣеƶ䶼ˣˮȭȭ⣬ʮƽλôֱӽĶ¶ࡣ
ˮ׼жתƵģڿѾˣҵ˿ƴ°빦ǿȻƾ豩ȭڿ԰Ѵ
ɣ
ҽеĴйڵˮѾȥˮˣΪǿǰȴǲһԷԼɻģһ
ĲҽǸϺﶼһͻƲסĿ󡣬һľսڵһôᱻһ˴ôҡ
һ񱻳һСϣֱӿһظ첲ϺĲˣٴȥɣʱһ˿סĽ
Ϻпһֻ޴֩룬еĽղֱ˿նȥ
ȴһԼĽղȻûն˿ʱһ˿һֻϡ
һǾˣ֮ǰǺ£ΪԼն˿˿Ȼô͵ʱƺѾԤ֪δ϶һ첲
ĵϵ£ռϷĳȻնϺˣȱһ첲˫ȱò˵ȥˡ
ͷ˽ȥֻɱ¾һ棬ܶѾҡˣʼܣ֮ǰûǲͷ񣬶˳ͷ񣬴ʱܸʱ
ս˺ܾãΪ׵һҲûӵܵҲ٣ϾôˮҲȫɱɱ˲ʮ֮һ󲿷ֶɱġ
ȴɱ˲ˣʮˣҴӮˣ˼Ӯˡ
ʮˣԺԲˣֻҪˮԾȻȥûмܵ˵һսƯҲ춨˳ڰ˻ĳǵĸ
ػ޶ˣ˷Ҳˮˣϴʹ˽ݷһξûôˣԪˣѾռһϯ֮λˡ
Ҳ࣬˻ĳڻϴˣҳΪһصĴڣеΪܺˡ
Ҳ֪ɢҥʲôǵıȽϣң
ˮûʲôоܱôţûôоϣǲҪԼȻʱŸ췭ظ
ںܿģڲˡ
㣬죬һеĳ˶Ǽˣʮˣܲ
һˮٴڳҹ˸ְػˮŮԼˣ˸ϣҲˮ˸ػ
ˮҲûƴǣԺԼ򣬳Ҷһŵ㣬Լ԰ѳҷչҿԽ򣬾ԺԼҲ໥Ӧ
ЩʬʲôȻ˴ɨյյָܿƽҲƽˣǰݷãܶ˻ĳǵĴˣ󲿷ֶǼǰ
֪ȥˣˮŵûʲôҵһЩΧٴλ٣ʱּҵ˲٣Ҫıˡ
忿֧ţһҲҪܶȥ֧ʲôҲǺܶ࣬ЩѾ½ˡ
ҵʲôҲʼĻָ˺ܶ࣬óҴԺԵЩտָԭҪܾˡ
ٵǲ£ֻҪǿ󣬼ҲܳһƬ죬򸾵ʵǿ˲٣ڰ˻ĳǴﵽǿˮӳָ
һʱ䵹ûʲôˮһЩʱգԺô죿
ں߼ҵȺܶرⶼ˳ңѳҵĲֿˣ浹ҲٺöʱսѼĿռʲôģҲܶ࣬ȴвٺö
оһͼóҲŵĶھˮС
һŽɫĻһŽɫƤƳɵģɢʥϢȻ֪Ƴˣ滹źǿҵϢɼƤͲ򵥡
һɫĴأϣƺŽ⣬ϥӺǰĶᱦ֮УΧƶֲȴӰȻһȴǿԸܵжƶ߶ôС
һȹ̾ȹ̾Ļ֮ǰ񾳹Żһ񾳹Żߡ


2315 
ˮе㼤ľѾﵽŶˣҲ߸ˣűһֱûͻơ
Ȼʮ磬ǱϾǴ˵еľ磬Բûпǿ󣬱Ͼû˵Ǹʮ磬ˮֻȾŸȫΪɫ֮ͻơ
ͼˮ˵úܴ󣬻˵൱Ĵ󣬵Ҳ˵ͼˮͻƵʮȴǿ԰ˮľЧҪˮԡ
ѶˮãֻҪҪĶߣˮܿϵĶ治࣬Ȼ򣬵ˮ۵Ķ治ࡣ
ˮ˿֮󣬰˶ѡһЩǻбһ治֪ʲôãǱֶղصġ
Ȼûпģ¾ɹӡ
ⶫǺöһһǸŮ˸ˣˮ룬ֱóһսһһǸ졣
ŮûиĻȻŮкöȻȣҲ˵ʲô
սսһڵģҹҲһģˮкö価ƽһ㣬ڳȻҲҪֵ
Ų֪ôʵأںˣˣǾ͸ˬˣ֮ǰսɣ񵲵һĹ
սõֱ绢ָ񵲵ֲ̫ˣӷĹҲԸ񵲵ⲻǷǵ
ˮһֱиȴ֪˷ˣĹʵ̫ˣУоܲˬܵǿʱ˼ţСĴڣֱӿԸ񵲵13000ĹʲôٺǸϺд򣬾ûˮĸԷҲκβ
ֻҪκβ˳ôڰ˻ĳûκ⣬û˻ȥǳҵġ
սҲǼսһֱˮͺܳݣˮκԴԭѶɵڵİ˳ɣҩʲôʵ˲֪ٲΡ
СֱͬʵΪ޵еĴڡ
ҲǲˮȻҲЩ֪ԼˮָĲǲܹģĽվǺܴ󣬶Է˶һһļͥḶ̌򸻺̫ð
̫ˣĽҲûˡ
ˮһ˵ֶˮĤݵĸо
ҲֵٶûССûòɵ֪й¶ûκκôֻ֪˭Ҳ˵Ͼ˵ȥ˼֮ûκκôˡ
֮ǰսʱŮսͺֲܿɣΪǵʵԸýֵĹûˣ޷ŮΣ
սٴ˺ܶࡣ
ȻŻسҼʱ䣬Ѿָ֧ܶҲ£˳ΧȻʼһ졣
һʱһ㣬˵˳ҡ
ˣţһѩ׵һֵȻȻĸоߵﶼᱻӣԷһֱ˵ҳ
ѩ׵ŵĵͷΣͻȻٳúܶ˶ر棬ע£ףһڣһԵȻŵһϳһĴ塣
йϣ˵ԶʱھݴˣϵĴڡ
֪˺￩һ£ĻǻʱԼҲ֪컹ʱˮպˣ˵ˡ
˾ȥߣҺϸһ𿴿ȥˮҲһ㶵ƽ
ˮҲƣԼ˻򼸺֪˻ĳǶЩʲôʵ˰˻ĳǻʲôǿĳǳأûħʲôģ̨𡭡
Ҳãˮֱ߹ֱȥ򣬱Ͼѻ˵ʵȥȥ˵ˮǴȥġ
ˮ֪ŵʵ֪һ״ڣȥҲǿĴڣԱ˵һҲ
߽ˡ
֪ŹٳΪ£ƽ˵
һǲֵģÿγһ㶼ûк£žʿڣһ㲻ȥʲôʵҲΪ˳ͷ
ʦҪһˣϡ˵һԽκ˶־Ӹµĸоͱڣ˵ĳʲôжһĲֵûз
֪Ƿʲô΢΢üƽʵ


2316 ԵţҪͷ
ʦСҲǵСʦܣǴˣָͷǸ˻˵
֪ǵСʦ˭ɱ˶ǶͽûɱǵСʦܡˮʱЦ˵
ˮ˵ˣҲͲ˵ˡ
üͷ𣬵˵ƾǵСʦܡ
ԭһΪ˭أֻɫɱǣɱˣƵĻɫɱȥ£õδˮ˵ĺ
ɱҲǸֱ˵
˵֮͸оƺе㲻ԣʱˮ֣˵ĶԣɱˣΪǿ۸۸ˣԸ۸˵һҪݺݵᡣ
˭ˮǻлˣΪŵھ͸оԼ·һˮһһƣ벻עⶼܡ
ˣǲ˵ˣǷʦǰȡͷͻȥǸ˲õ˵
ȡͷȡͷ֪Ҫȡ˭ͷˮں˵
ȡͷ¼ȻģǾȡͷɣӦøеˣǰǳҵͷҪȡˡ˵Ļɣ·ҳһһ׬˵ı顣
ɫܳأñԼˣ˴Ҳ
һֱʶԴֱƾԼжϵ𣿡ˮüǺƽ
ʲô˼ˣʲôˣСĻӿڳϵ𣿡ɫһѿ
ˮһܱƽҲֻǻûмͷʵ˵
ϸ磬֮ǰ˵Ļ㶼ˣô˵ҲʵôôԸֲͻǰһˣԼѾסԼˮҡҡͷ
ˣ񻹲˵أ˵֪أƺоܺЦ
ҲʲôˣҪͷȥأҲȫ㣬ͷһ˴ȥˮŶԷˡ
Сӣ֪𣿡üͷĺ
ˣҿһֱѳѵͰֵȡˡˮ˵ֱӶˡ

׷
ȭ
ˮʹõǱȭȭҲǿԴĶԷ޷֣㡣
ͨ
ˮֱȥһǸԷٶţһͨ¶ԷٶȽ͵ĺܿ£ѾһٶˣڼֱͨӲˡ
ž
ǰʩչȭ̫޷Чںˣһȭ˵Ŀڣֱȥ

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ˮֱӶ˶ԷĿ¡
ž
ʲôѵ࣬ûκεĺøУȻɱǾ͸ɴ㡣

ҽշˮ־
꣡
һоֹˣսգ۵ʱ䣬ˮһ˵ʬһ˵ߣȥʦɣ˵һӭǰ
ȻҪȭͷ󲻽ˣˮҲ˵ʲôֱӴͺˣ治£ûһĺøУʢˣǿ
ʣµǸ˴ģһȢ˵գۣǵһμԼ˱գ۵ʱˡ
˴ҲǴˣ֮ǰֻˮٶȿĲ˼飬ֻһƬӰʵȻǲӰˮʵжǿ
ˮͨǽ˶ԷٶȣǱԼٶȣ׷ͬȻͨͿԺͱ˹ˡ
˲ǿˮʵֲ̫ˣˮҲΪóһġ
ҲֲóˣǸǰģҲֻˮȻ
Цһ£ѾﻢˣԷԲưոݣڲֻóҽһͷˣԷֻҪһҡ
Ǹ̾Ǹȥ˱ȥ˫úܴ󣬹ôҲ뵽Լôɡ
뿪ˣҺܶ˿ŵ˽ȴųȥһһӶˡ
ȱȳҵķڣķڲŽлɽ
֪նɱһ֮Ҳû˸ҽҵˣǾ
һ̫׳ˣ̫ԴˣȻҪŶԿԼʲôˡ
ǰʤԴҲ˭ˡ
ˣû˸Ҷŵˣ֪һŻŭʲô̶ȡ
ôһѪɺӣݲǻԶһ㣬ʧ꼰ˡ
ŰԵˣҲ֪ûһֿ˵
ССıȰ
Ǹ磬ԵҲˣĺпհԵǰ˴
⵹Ҳǣ֪ܲܰԵ˴ˣˣŻҲˡһЦ˵


2317 Ů
ŵˣǺֻֿţҶ֪ˮɱŵ˺һǸо˼顣һֱ޵еĴڣǲðģ˵ɱŵˣڴ֮ͥŵ˶١
ҲˣһһưոݣֻƴһƴˡЦ˵
ˮûκνţЦĴڲ¶ˣҲһЩ˽ݰ裬Ǿѣİɣµģ˭ҲҶԳΡ
˻Ǻˮģˮ;ս񣬾ֻҪˮһսȥҲġ

˻ĳǿ˵ޱˣϾ˸ҶŶ֣ǹġ
ʱһУ̻Իͣ˵ݻɣûʾԸ󣬴ʱһ߿һ˱һȥˣķ·Ҫˮһ
ʯң˵˵ô£ߵͳ
˾ǰҵŵˣѾȥһŵǸʯңǸǵʦߴһɫݻӣһ˫۵ɥüһࡣ
ʣµǸ﷢ͻǻİѳҷһϸ˵˳
ߵˣ֮˵ǱңС
ȻǿƣֱѹƵվ

ˮû¾оȭսʹõľȭֱӺ;սо̸ǲǱʹñȭҲܴﵽػЧء
ܾ֣֮ȭҲܣ֪ϴﵽЧһŬҲﲻˮڵĲΣȻ˿ѧͺá
ˮӲĽ̸ԼԼսֻҪ̵ܽĶ̡
ˮֱӽȭ̸ˣû¿ҪȭģȻϲ񣬾ǲȭģҲǺܿģԶһ׽ķ
սõ˸Ѿ绢ˣڵõȭƽһѣǿսһһء
սʵûôսǰһӳķõֲ
ҺܶƺһΪǲܿŴ߳Դû˳ڵĳҲվסţˮǶԵģһ֮ǰûܻ
ͥԺУˮͥԺˮŮͥԺ
ˮڿŮȭò˵ŮʲôǺÿģŮʩչȭһŮŮˣڶһ˿ҰԻһ˵С
һ˵ĸоܴŮûǰˮǰͳȭŮȻҲϾǻȭȴǲͬĿȴ򣬷ر𣬲ȻҲ򲻳ôǿ
ˮĶеȣ۾ϵǷ֮ͦŮ֪ˮڿţ۾ŵλ죬֮ĵˮ
ˮ߹ȥһڣ
ˮһһŤͷߣǽǰķ˶ͦĹĻ꣬ˮĶ㹻Ҳֹ
ֻСֲ֪ʲôʱ쵽ˮ࣬ȻһŤ
ˮ˳ƽŮڻ˫ԲĽΣŮһҧԼΪŮڵԭ򣬶ǰͷˮľһࡣ
ˮֽܼǻԲǰ΢΢ĦǽͦѹˮоǶ˵͹
ˮֻֽǺǿģŮϵĴˮĶУˮ˫֮ĸо֪˫ɹƺѺѣڸо˫ɲ࣬ڻת΢΢ʩ㡣
ŮͣʱѾˮĴˣʵ֮ǰŮʱѾˣŮҲǻˮʲôҲˡ
ˮǷŮϣŮң·ȫˣ˺ͱȻûкˮзҲǵˮһ˸ʵְ
ʱŮƺָһǷӣ֮ϴʱһߵ޵ݡ
Ҫԣˮ˫ֱӰŮȥ
ŮֻǱ۾ˮһŮƺԣѵһҪ֮
Ů֪Ԥǵ֮󣬺οˮһôˣοҪƺҲá
ѩ׵ͦΣ״ͦˮĿʳʴǵĸоˮ
ˮŮһ˿˵ĸоˮһһһҪŮƺҲƽһλ˺һ㣬뵽ˮסԼĻȵģǺúõĽһ顭
еţϸţҪǳΪҵŮˡˮŮм䣬һһţԼı䡣


2318 
ˮĽǱԼŮˣ֪Ůе㲻ʣһе㲻ƽˮҪ˶ɹ
ŮûӦˮûҲɿˮӲҪҲûа취ܻое㲻
Ů·ˮŮȥ˻ĳǣѾܾûȥˡ
˵֣ˮ֪Žй֣ĽֲĽ֡
ˣΪҺ˭ʲôиı䣬ٴʵҲһ˷ʲôı䣬绹ǻתڴȻǰǿĴڶСġ
ǿǾǳҵǸˣ˵ɱŵˡԶ˵
Ů˺Ůһ˵
˵Ů˿С챻˴һŮ߳
˴һǲҪ붯˻ûܶģϧˣҪùҶҪùˡ
ϧŮ֪᲻𡣡

ˮŮڱ˵ۣûκεȤǰߣͻȻˮʶһһλãһŮڿǡ
ϸΣǰ쳣ͦΣӵһħģջ𱱻Ůж಻磬Ůһ˵Ϣһ˵˵
ҴС㣡
ˮû뵽ҴС뵽ƵδޣѾˣԼ˵᲻ձڿƺǺձ
ˮҴС΢΢һЦȴת뿪ˡ
ҴСȴһ˿Σŵˣ޸ƣƵʦʦףƵʦʦǿ󲻹ܳʲôԭʦôӦ
Ϊ˰£òˢЩֶΣˮôǿƣԾ˳һѣϣˮԺҽҲɱˣû뵽һжʵˡ
ŵĵӣźˮҲǵˣ˵ʲôĿѾﵽǲҴС㣬ŵĵӣ֮Ů
ˮҲ뵽ĴСһܻصңôֻ᲻һ
ϻǺˮǱ˱ķ䡣
Ů˵ûϾ컹Ǻ
ˮɫе죬ƺ뵽֮ǰ˵龰뵽ˮǾš
֪ԼҪΪŮˣǲԸ⣬еһʱȻˮе㷢㶣ǳˣ뵽˺ܶ࣬ɫҲ糺졣
ңһ᲻˼ģˣҪЩˮ߹ȥͷ˵
߯޳ˡ
Ҳϡţ
˵͸оǰһ飬ˮ·ѾסǶ˵һ
ļһ
䲻ıˮ˲使죬ΣܵƿȴˮܽƿҲǺףοѾ׼ΪŮˡ
ϱû嶼еվȡ
ˮһﻹ֪ܣýζ죬һнڴյһһܻйɵñĺܿ죬·Ҫһ
һȻǸδµŮˣ˵ˣǱԣһŮ˶еοˮһʱܳƽʱҲһЩܵĽӴ̲סһ
ȥİƽҲ˵ĸоѹҲܴ󡭡
֣޹ĸ⻹ӢԼˣΪԼⱲӲˣǸΪ鲻ΪȫŮˣίԼ
֪ˮĺܶ飬ǿһ·ߵһ˶ٿ࣬ϲڱҲᵥ谮һˡ
֪һ·˶٣˶٣˶Ѫ
ԼԼһļңһ·˳˳ߵڣȻҲܿ࣬ˮĿȴǲͬ
ڱźܶʱˮȴ˵ˣŮˣʱ㻹Ҫݺݲųͷ㣡
ȻվĽᱧֱȥ
Ҫʲôһ龰ﻹ΢΢ţܵ˵
ʧɫû뵽ˮӦôҡ
ž
ˮǷƨһ£˵ʲôҪҵŮˡ
쵰Сһ䡣
ˮֱӽԼѵĴϣʮʣѩ׵Ĵ˸оޱã滹е㣬ͱϵζһ
󾪺һͱˮѹϣˮ챻ŮĻںܴ󡢺ܴ
ˮԸе촽˫ָĽ⿪˱װһֱӳ׵Ľһ¶һ簼͹޳µ


2319 ؽ̩
Ƿ绪绪ïʱ򣬶Ѿˣϸ֬ļ˵ԣ¡ۻɢһȻĵζŵζ
ȻǸδµŮӣȴǱˮҪʡһ˼㣬ɬŮеģųŮҲеġ
ǼŮˮҲ̲סе㴹Σ״̬֮УѪţֱٴθص֮ǰ֮С

һδĸо֮ǰǿңǿû취˭Ѿһ˿ˣƮĸоҲĻֻǱܻЩֵϾǸӡ
ˮٴסǸ飬ֱñֹƺҪˣֳ󺣵һҶһϾ֮ǰǸ·ȴֱӱ
ȸоָоܴҲǰô׼һμǱһץƺ׼ԼǸط
ﱾŮ˵֮أҺܶŮ˵ﶼǺУȻҲ⣬ѾˣȻԼϺˮֵȼʲôСŮʱҲǱܵıˮ
ĿʼͦǷ˶ͦӦˮַ
ˮǺܼŮһŮĶǺģһ˫ְɽˮ
֪ʲôʱˮϵҲʧˣҵŢĻ·ǺܰԵҲܳ׵Ľ˽ȥ»壬ĸоˮ궼
ء
ˮоͱʲôϵⱱ˫ҲǻʵʹǿŮ˸ʲôֻ΢΢üϾǸ߶ǳԱ˿࣬ƹ֮ʹͨ˶׳Źοǿˡ
ȻɶҲѹֵϵĴ̼ˮ֪ѾӦ֮ˮʼ籩ĺըСצһסˮס˴ʱҰһˡ
ȻǵһΣﵽﵽĿ֣ȷе˵֮ǰЩǿңϾһ浶ǹڵĳǾ廹Ů˵ϲá
ˮ
ֻоԼһһ˳УԽԽߣֹһͣЪһξ͸еĸо
ԣϹ
Ȼ֪ϹοǰҲˡ
ϹںĻˣˮһ󼤶ƺӲա
һÿͬӿĳˮһӿƽʱֽܶɬ궼ںˮĲһ
Ϲоã
ţҪˣ
ʧˮܵδо㣬ǸԸŮӣҲû뵽ŮҲеһ档
ڿ籩ĺըоԼɵãһ޷㣬֪ԼҲ뿪ˡ
֪˶ãŮһС·޹ǣˮһķˮ˫ճδˣ߷飬㣬뵽֮ǰԼʶһ˵Ļ͸ое޵ݡ
ˮСŮһ˵㣬ˮϣǰһԼֱͦӾ͵ˮ°ѩ׷˶ɢ㣬ˮֱ̰Ŀһ
ղһս˶õ˾޴㣬رǱǰδе㣬ǽʮܵķй˳
˶û˵ĬĬ۷֮ϣõһ־Ϊ˵ʵǵõ˾޴
һֱûʣôҲ벻ǰˮʲô߰飬ͼƬĿڲ֪Ȼģû뵽ŮˣʵȻֱӱĳңо̫˼ˡ
ʵﵽ˽11000ˣ˵ľƺ仯ˣƺŻһһ
󱱻˯ֱӰˮˣȻû˵˼ȷȥˡ
ˮһҹȴ˵ʲôˣȥҽɣԣ
ˮ΢ЦΨŮˣһ뿪
û˯Ůķ䰤ţ벻ѣϾŪǲСġ
ˮ˵ıʱһȵѾĻһ㶣û뵽СҲô
ȥ˿ڱĽˮٴλǣǿԳԵ˱ȥ·ſڴϰҲ˱С
ѩ۱۵ĿԼˮϸһĨ˵ĻǷԲΣԲ飬ϸѩףˮ鲻ԽǷϡ
ֱסˮܿ췿һֱɫ΢ɫ˯ˡ


2320 ˣ
˺ͱζ˲ʵŮϲ£ŮˮʵҲٴη˾޴ı仯һֱ˰˳ɵĹ
ˮʵ1900Ĺ
19000ķ
2ɵķˮķﵽ22800
񵲱1900ĸˮ൱24700ķ
ˮ׼ҲǱԼڵʵһ£޺ܾҲûкŮܽӴӵĶࡣ
ҲǣܺŮܽӴһʿô׵ģˮˣʵ͵ʱŮ˫ӵʵҲǺ͵ʱʵйϵģڲôࡣ
ÿŮ˶ǵһβʵһǺŮ˵츳ž޴Ĺϵ
˺ͱ˵ҲŮͼϵŮӡ
ʱʵˮǺܿĵģڸоӦûʲôˣϣ鲻ţһЩС˵Ű衣
ˮȻû˯ҲԺ⣬Ĵ̫ȭȭбȭ
ȭѾﵽļӵʵ٣ȭҪǴɷ壬һ磬ͨǿ
ȭˮоֲˮѹһ֮ڣԪöţˮоڵıȭĹԽ˳Ѿֲˮһ㹥
ȭ꿴Ů˳ŮڿԷʱһ㶣϶һ죬Ȼ֪ʲô֮ǰ֮䡭Ůʵ׽ûס
ˮŮǣ˳ҲرĿġ
Ц绨ϻķ飬һϢŮȻòһվһȴ˵ĺгӳԵĸоˮһ
ˮôĿǣŮеߵۣǿˮĸо֮ǰͬŮ֮ǰȻҲоԼŮˣͳΪŮ˵̬һ
ˣô˯ᣬۻ˰ɣˮЦ˵ֻЦе㻵
㣬̫ˣһٺòãߵ
ã
˵ŮֱӰһˮȥ
㣡
֣
žһˮûŮһ٣ŮȻҲʹᣬǴˮһ٣ͰĦࡣ
ˮһڻ
һֱое㲻ʵȻӵ֮Ůˮ˵
ҪúöǡЦ
ҵıˮĵ˵
飡
ˮŮ
öİŮЦţˮһȣŮϸһޱȵ㡣

ʱһӴ˳˳ſڣʵǿԪֵʱˮ֪ŵˣֻû뵽ϴǰ֮һ̫ˡ
ˮʱ˼ſѾˣֱߵ˺ܶܶ࣬ŵҲ֮ӽǧˣ˻ĳǵǸ֪࣬ж٣ҿ̫ԶԶĹ
ǰһߣһˮϳˣϴǰ֮һһѾˣˮ֪ǰǸӦʦ
ֻʦ̫ˣۣɥüһɫʾŲĵλ
ʱɢޱȿ񱩵Ϣʵһ㣬ˣʯңǸ𣿡
ǵģʦʯҹ˵
˻û˸һٵɱŵˣúúáߵеϸԴ˻ĳǡ
ֻƾֲ֪ܿ
⻰Ƕˮ˵ģҲڶ԰˻ĳǵ˵ģʱˮѾ˳Ҳ˳
ŵ˿ˮʱرڿһǣǰ˻ĳǵҲǲ񣬺ܶ˿ųҶǿһͻ߼ҵʵʿɶֹʲôãΪʲôҪţſɲЩ߼ڿԱģⲻԼ
˲ҲˣֻɱɱˡˮƽЦ
һֻɱɱˣ˼˵ŵ˸ɱˡ߿ˮ˵
ҲøҿñӣŵǰȡͷǺЦʲôҲȡͷԼףĿױ˵ӱ˵ˮҲ˵
ɱСĵӣһһд𣿡߿ˮ
ǺûκεĹڣȴΪŰǰɱǣѵ˲ɱ𣿡
Ȼ޽£˼ǿ˭ȭͷˣ߼˵
ʲôҶվסһ֣ɷؼ䣬ҪеߵֱҲ۸СҲǿߡˮ˵ĻɢһǿҵĺȻ
粻ô򵥣֪ʲôڽɼûоԵ飬Ȼ̤ҪӦ򣬴ھǵܸıҪ˳Ӧûʵȴ޴˫糤档


2321 Ų򵥣꽣
ĺܺ棬ܸܲǲǶĻɫˮƵʵ
ߵ˫䣬ʵʵ濴ܹ죬Ҳ
СӣĻ̫ˣΪԼܲƽ߼ļھܶ԰˻ˣЦЦ㻹ᣬ֪֪ɣһ֪Ѿû˻ͷ·ƺϧ˵
˵㲻ԸĻǼ治Ҷ֣ɱĺܼ򵥣֪ɱ֮˭һ̯ӵ¡ˮʵ
ͲòˣҲ·ˡ
һûٶ˵ʲôԼˣҲûֱ̽ˮһץ
ɫ䣬һƬס˿УȻѸٱ˹׵һ㣬ֱˮȥ
ף
ŵף£ؼǿ׵磬׵罫ֺ
䡭
ˮĻ
ˮҲһ֣һ޴ˮĻϿսסͬʱˮĻֱߣе׵ֱӺˮĻɽֱӱˣˮ֪Է׵жǿҲȥԡ
𽣣
ˮӰѸٵ߳ȥͬʱһɫĽֱӴߣн𽣣ϬĽ𽣡
ˮľǺǿģѧԼоͨѽ𽣻ʮġ
˼
ϵȻһߣеƶѸٵۣ΢΢ֱӶ˽𽣣ʱѾϾǱ¡
˵꣬ٴϼҲˮоʣеĽʵȴ
ŵ
˵ԶʱڣĴڣЩǴ˵οݴ½νҶףǿ࣬ǿһ̶ȾͻᱻΪΪѾ˴˵ˡ
ˮԷʵ¶΢Цֱһһ˹ȥ
Լ״̬۷ˡ
ߵĶӵʵֱûһ룬ýеƣ̾˺ǿûаѶԷˮʵķ
Ӹӡ
ʩչһ̧־һӸӡߡ
һʥķӹӰϣ߱ܵĵ͵ȴǷӰӵķûκ˺ýе㲻
ɽǿ⣬ϷӸӡı⣬ߵʵֲҲֱȫɥʧвԣ˵ˮڵĿֲǴʱľս񡢳ŮֻҪŸĶɵסߵĹ
ȭ
ˮֱӲܳߣ˫ײһʱȴƾУ˫úˡ
ˮıȭڵǱĹҪǿһ㣬ߵʵȻô࣬ǿǼ˲һʵӸӡһɶһ㡣
ӸӡöԷ˺ֻཱུͣǶԷ֪ԷĹû䣬ֻɵ˺һ㡣
ߵʵӦ25000߻һ㡣
ˮ𾪣ŵһϾȻʵŵЩ֮ϵʲôʵأػأſ϶ػ񡭡
ˮ𾪣߸𾪣ŵĿˮ֪ˮɽҲ֪ˮķӸӡһûĹֻбһʼһʱսҲһһ㡣
ǿһĵסˣôȡ
ˮǾŵĵ̣ˮ뵽ԼϿܶԷɵͿˣ뵽ͳģһκŮͻƹϵ֮ʵ˲˳ɣȻˮûף֮ǰ̾Լǿ
ڻǣڸӵĿɿϾˮ󷨺ս⻷ԼķҲ˲˳ңսķѾԽ40000
ˮΪ֪ĳǿĺףôֻҪվסˣԷͲˮڸоԼվסվĺȣҲҶŵԭ
ˮս⻷󷨿Ӳٷ͹ģǵһģս⻷Ϊǰǿĳɹ߷ٶʲôģе
ǵһģǱ󷨣ˮЯģֱӵģһΧս⻷࣬սҪΪ仯ԴʯӰ졣
ս⻷ЯǸǲʯӰ죬ˮҲˣʯĻ̫ˣȻˮŲ첻ģġ
ˮȻȫõǷս⻷ȫģɵȫʵĳɵκεһʵ˦ԶԶġ
ĻΧȴûһ꣬ʱѾƽٴһֱ֣ӳһѽˮɵһѽӨ͸һȭɫĹɢͬʱɢǿҵɱϢ
ˣ֮Σ
Žߵ˵꣬貵꽣ˮȥٶȲ죬֮ȥеưôֱӻǰѽ꽣еĴֱһ


2322 ֲĶת
һʮ㣬ûˮ꽣ԽԽϬоסϢһ
䣡
һˮϣȴûƣʱˮֱ̧־һתơ
ž
ǿķ֧£һתƾʹϣֱֲӽߴˡ
֪ˮĶתѾôֲˣϾԽ40000ĹӷĹ߾״̬Ҳסֱӱˡ
ֱֳһƬžǲŵĿôˣŵһǿϣȻôˡ
ȵĪǸʯңƺһŵĴģʵڲǿܵʦȻôˡ
ֹȣǳҲǾޱȣһһĿɿڴǴˣʲôʱ򱻱ôɵģһǿĳϡ
ˮƺһ΢飬Ȼ֣ڸһᣬȻȫԶĲҪȥˡ
ŵһɫ죬ǻûбôûбôôһʱ򣬱ô۸
Ǹоڱ۸
ãֱӿɱˮƽ˵
ЩҪӣʱ˾Ͱŵˣǲ߻пܱɱˡ
һ

䣡
Ҳ֪˭ͷˣһͷ˶ʼˣˮһӳ׵˸⣬ܻ˴󺰣ܣȥϱʦţ
ǸħҶϱɱˣ
˸ɱŵĳϣ

Ȼŵ˴ˣһϴĶӡΧ̾
˵׼һλǸʣ˵ܷˣ
˵׼ſɲʲô˶ģ˭˭ӦöôˣȻŵžͻܵ޴Ӱ졣
ˣҵڴ˿ޱȣûһʧűˣͷǸҲˣҪ֪ǰĻ϶Ĵڡ
ǰʵҲ10000ϳ࣬һ̶ȣʵһЩ໻Ǻܴ
ǰĳҲĸˣԳҵʵסϡ
ھһֱӱˮˣɱֳǺ̵ģóҺܶ˶ǳģˮ˵ŹҲš
ˮҲ֪Ѿ˹ؼһһŵľԸ߲ˣȹˣҲͿ԰ѳాӹˣҲڣҲҡ
˶֪һǰһǿ󣬵ˮǻеĵġ
صСԺŮͤȲ裬ʱĴöЦ
ЦŮǢ˵ʲôԶʯһӣеĺȲ졣
ˮ˶ǲԾһ죬Ͼ뵽컵龰һţһ˵ۡ
ˮҲر㣬Ůм䣬Լóһ豭һ˵ʲôأôģ
˵ϲкЦ˵
̫ˡ
ŬһΣҪˮǺЦ
ӣżأ
úãҼˮٺЦš

ƽӣĸоڲûж˺ͳҽύϾһûĶɹΣûԸȥðա
ȻҲУҲ˺ͳߵĺܽҲ֪Щ׼˳ҿԶɹһѣǱԭ
ˮڰ˻ĳǴǲħŵϢ
һУڰ˻ĳǣе㺮ᣬСڰ˻ĳǶϲ̨棬ˮǾǰȥһΣʵľй׳Լ
ħҲǺ࣬ǶģƺĵطͻħţħŵĵطͻħֻҪһطͻࡣ
ҲǹɣȻһһԵˡ
ˮͨҵ鱨ҵڵĵطҲڰ˻ĳǣ˻ĳ̫ˣֻǶڽ϶ǱִڵһΡ
ʲôˣˮſڱסˡ
ȥǵ˵
ˮ˵
ˮ仰Ҳ˵˵ԷһȥͨԷȴ˵õģԵһ¡
ˣһߣҪ˵߿Ҳֱˣǰ˻ĳǣֱʺ߼ʲôԶˣǱĳҲǴĲ硣
ܿǸ˻ˣˣΪ׵һɫףŨüۣӺܴҲܴĺܸߴ俴ģǸе󵫺͵ˡ
ȻϽѪս񣬲ս
һݸװңſɵ··ȥˮʱһ


2323 Ȼɱ¾ս
ݸ̫ˣһŹͷһƤݸܰףֲ԰׵ɫˮעһ¾ЦˣȻԼʶеļһ
Ȼɱ¾ս񴫳ߡ
ˮһ£ʵû뵽ɱ¾սȻģɱ¾ս񴫳һ㶼Ǳӡģɱ¾սǿ⣬߽Ӱɱ¾սӰһ֮ϡ
ɱ¾ս־֪Ǹɱսɱ¾սӽħսɱ¾սʵԽǿԽӽΪɱ¾ħ
ɱ¾ս޵ĹãЧʵ֮⣬ѹԼɱԣܵ˵ǲ̫ĵġ
ɱ¾սǽ⣬Ļʵ֮ǰľսֻܷ࣬ɣɶɱ¾սĽѣһǧ궼ܽһ
ˮܿģԼһˣҵˣԼоսɱ¾ս񣬽Լ;ҲһˣҲԺ;ħײˡ
ˮǻƽսսеڣز٣˻ƽս֮ɱ¾սˣսҲǿǰģоԼĵӿҪȹˡ
ţˣΪ׵սȵĿˮȻѾϳˮ
ˮһµˣ˵ǿƽҲһ㣬еĿս񣬾ͽٶս
ս񴫳ߣǰˮЦ˵û˵ԼǳˣҲû˵Լǳˡ
Ŷ̫ˡٶսĵ˵
֣ǲ˰ɣˮûб˵Ϣˡ
ţˡսƺе㲻˼˵
ֱ֣˵ɣǺһģ֮ǰѾ˲ĵӣǼԺǿԺ;⡣ˮЦ˵
;⣬е㲻ʵɣɱ¾սü˵
ĲǺܴ󣬵ҲģڿǣҸо˺ܶࡣˮԽݸԽǸоŹ֣ɱ¾ս޳
ǣ治У˻Ƕʵսƺܲ˼˵
ǼǵҲûʲôʵҲд㣬˱ֻҪǵʵǾͶ롣ɱ¾ս˵
Ǿͺˣɱ¾սķɡˮЦſɱ¾ս
ɱ¾սһֱ򶨣˿ҲǼĻŵĿˮԽ⿪ҵķӡ
Ӧÿԣ
ɱ¾սķӡǺѽ⣬Ҳӡķ·𣬾Щ󣬵¾ǸƷǲ֪ķ
һɱ¾ս񼤶ˣһ˵ܸҽ⣬ʲôġ
ˮЦҡҡͷҿɲƱˣҶս񴫳ߣһԵ֣ҶֵܣߺһسңҲмս񴫳ߣǾ֪ˡ
ãʰһ£ɱ¾սҲɴࡣ
ɱ¾ս˾ÿһģܿǾʰˣҲûʲôʰģˮЦں֮ǶģʱǸңͲı𣿡
е㣬֪ô£ܶԿšɱ¾սٺЦ
ȻңǾ߰ɣˣħ˳ħҲ˺ˡ
ˮ뵽ﻹиħš
ã߰ɣħҲˡ
սһЦ˵
Щħŵħ֮һֱս˫˭Ҳκβ˭
˻ĳǵħžԶȻԶҲ֮ˡ
ħŵĵطǱһˮĸһԷܵսϢֱӴӳǱ˳ƺ׼ֱӿǰġ
´󺺣Ϊ׵һ壬ˮһ㶣ĸߴ࣬һ˫ֱۺܴܳ׳һ޴İ鳣ô֣ܸ͡
˵ôû꣬ţԣĸˣôΪһ˾ܴˣ
˵
ˮҲû˵ֱŴ󺺳˹ȥ

˵еĺɫֱˮĸ첲ͱһ˳һڴر˳ǸеİҲԵòôͻأˡ
أ
ˮֱһȭס˴һб粽˷
ȭ
ԣ
һǱȭֱӽ󺺵Ǹ鳸ķˣȻһȭ˴󺺵ؿڡ
꣡
عǲÿҲһƬ
󺺿Ѫĵɳȥһ˫۾ĿˮѾֻܵˡ
ˮѾ֪һ˲ٵĻ£ɱˣǿŮƵץʮŮ棬֮ȫɱħ˵Ѫ֮
Ҳˮֱһ仰˵ֱӶֵԭЩ͸ɱˡ
ɱϴ󣬵űɣ
һ˫۳˵
ħħҲܲġ
ˮ˵ˣþݹء


2324 ٴ
ˮ֪Ȼħߡ
һ£Ȼ뿪ˣʲôҲûзһȴһѴ𣬽յĸɸɾ
ʣ̿ƣƮɢһѵϢˮ˼ɱ¾սսٶսصڵĳҡ
ս񡢰ǹս񡢽ս˵ʱһ㶣Ȼģһѣ֪ݵƤͷļһɱ¾սʱֲŵĸо
ǿǿܸоɱ¾ս
Ǳڲǿķӡûн⿪⿪ˣʵᱩҲᷢһЩ仯
ˮȻ֪˵뷨Ըǽ͡
ܸıͣıܴ𣿡
Ȥʵ
̫󣬱߲䣬첲ȵĳ̲䣬ôݣУһǾ֪ˡ
ˮЦó롣
Ҹ⣬ȻһԺһףǼ
ˮɱ¾ս˵
̲Ǻܿ죬Ҳһʱڼˮ˸ӵϵıŷӡȵȻ󻯽⣬ӡ⿪
ɱ¾սֻоƺһһĶ֮о֮Ƥͷĵطֱӳ˼⣬缡һ㣬˿þޱȡ
һյʱ䣬ǸݵûжʱѾһӣģҲ˱仯ߺܸߣ֮ǰݹף˼һޱ޳ĸо
ر˫첲޳˫ȳһ
Ӧʵ࣬ǿʵָǿʵҪһҡ
ˮɱ¾ս˵
ţҲоˣĻͲ˵ˣҼ
ɱ¾ս˵
ҲǺȤĶɱ¾ս󣬱ϾһһսٶսҲǺܺ档
ˮٶսǱܣ⴫һ㶼ЩһЩƣһƽ⣬ܶ඼ԺԼ򿪣еҪǺѣֻҪҸǿ߾вȴһӶܽ⿪
ٶսȽϿ죬Ҳһӵʱ䣬ٶսоԼٶ˺ܶ࣬ˮҲǸпѡ
Žһˣ󲿷ֶˣгҵˣ򸾼
ơʢζĲȣֵܣһֱɢȥ
ˮŮصСԺʳ֪ζһ㣬ˮȻٴǰŮ䣬ζֻˮ֪˵һνͺˣŮҲܵ˸תӭˮһδεĳ
ƶ˷ڲ˶ĸоߵˮһͷһƣһĳµĴڣĸоһУǽմʱ飬ܡ
ԸΨ̴Ʈɬпģˮ޲ýȥһֱķ۾һǷ齿ķΡ
İˮУˮˣ˶յģƽɵģ֧۱ˮĲӡ

ûκζˮҲʵҲ̤ʵ治ģ֪һģϾһϣӦò̫þͻ
ʱˣһֻˣϽɫһʵӰӣһɵѹ֡
ǵĿˣŸ߹󣬷·Ĺһһֱߵſڡ
ǵ㣬ܶ˶ǲԾı˷·һС̫һ
ˮȻҲˣοʱҲһֱע飬ʱҲſڣȻ󷨣ʱûп
ˮŶˣʵĿˣ˿ôʣ˵ģˣˮ֪˵ѾܴˣǱϿôᡣ
ɱҶϣ
һ΢Ц˵
֪ʲôģǴҵľͲҪ˵ʲôˣֱӿͿˡ
ˮЦ˵
˻Ҫô󣬻Ҷϵ˴ˣú̸һ̸ģ֪Σ
ƺһҲŭҲںŵһ
ˮһЦˣλ룡
󷨲
һҲ˵
Үϸ磬󷨸֣оΣ
˽ӵ
󷨱ѾܸˣӦûбıӳɣȻôǿ󡣡
ΪҮϸЦ
ˮҲǾȣ˶󷨻ǺеģҲǳΪ󷨴ʦҪ
򸾵˿ŵ˲֪ôке
ǺðȻһѣעɻڴ
ų΢Ц˵
ãллļԡ
𾪡
ˮͳԼ߽˵Ҳûнȥ


2325 ö֮սż
дһЩˮˮֳû˵ͷֻ˵Ȼλ̸̸֪ô̸
ˮ˵Цˣοźûӡ
Լã˸ģ֮ǰûʲôоϾûнӴӴ˼رǺǸʲôҶϣȻҾͷֺšˮƽ˵
ɴˣ˶ˣЩҲģ˵Ǹ֯ʵвأܲһӽ˶˵ǲǣ˿ƺرº͡
ǵֻǸҶϵһ֧ǶأʵѾŵ׼ˡˮʵ˵Ҳġ
ǿ仰е㲻ˡһֱô˵Ҳ˿ˡ
ɣҿԱ֤Ҳκβҡˮ˵žǱΪҮϸҲеġ
ֻǲ˶ȥʲôԭһƽ֪ôġ΢Цʵ
ԣƽҲãҪҵʧˮֱ˵
򸾵ֶһԷܺƽѾĺˣû뵽ˮȻҪŲңҵûʲôʧʧһϻвٵĵӡ
ʲô㻹ҪһûᲹأ㵹ãҧһڡһֱЦǺǵҲ̲סŹֵ˵
ҪҪҪˣˮԾ˵
ŵ˶һһģҲ˵仰ûôҪģһŸǵǺƽ£һǿǿԤ´ûɿǰʧ
Щвޡ
һ
ڲ˵ðɣҪʲô
ˮҪʲôѾ˳Ծˣ˾ȻӦˣ˳Ծ򸾼ֱԼĶ䣬ǿ޵еžȻӦҪ֪ҿɱŵˡ
Ǿ͸ʮ˼˼˼ˡˮһ˵
һŵϾҳ鴤ǳҲǣһǸ˿ȿ˼ڲ˵ЦЦ
֮ǰһֱ˵ĳƺȴֱˡ
ε£ǿкüֵܱɱˣ죬ǰɱ˻ģʮƺе࣬ɣҲһЩϡŹϲĶȻǰҪϲˮЦ˵
ֱʲСĴҲòҪۣϡŹֵĶĻͺ˵ˡ
ԣиϡŹֵĶ㿴ܲܳ뵽ʲôֱóһ
һ״ľżںڣΨһ˾òľɢһǿҵս⣬֮ʲôûˣʼӲޱȣԹⶫ޷ٻҲǸоһԭ
źܾˣһֱû˷ʲôãʼܶ˶ǾǱʱָоҲĵȥ
Ҳ˸оⶫ棬Ҫ˹Ȼԡ
ôⶫӲȫ޷ٻһ㣬滹ɱ⡣ƺˮϲüͷˮƼ
ˮʱȷʵüͷǲϲˣⶫ֣֮սż
֮սż
սż𻵣޲ĿǰԴﵽ40000ʵ
ʶݣ
ȡʮξѪֱͻС̨񸮡
öԵĺö𻵵ģȻ˵ǿʵõֲ̫ˡ
ˮʱǸ˵ĻͷãҿҲͦµģҾооһˣоôʲôûҪҡ
ˮĻ˾ϲϲǾȻԶһΣΪûоⶫһ㷢֣ȻôͳεЦЦ˵ⶫģÿӲޱȣеرʡ
ðɣķֺܲļÿ㡣
ˮѶӽɾ˵
ģˣҽξٶ
΢Ц˵
ҽˮ
и㣬㲻ش᲻Ǻŭң
ξٶٺЦ
ǲʲôʵ߱ʲô
ˮЦſ
ˣٺ٣
ξٶٺЦ
ҵʵҿɱ㡣
ˮҲǺٺٵЦ
ξٶһȻе㲻˼飬֪Է˵ʲô󻰣Ҷϱɱˣֱӱʧ˵һɱҶ϶˷ˣҶǿǿһЩ治֪ˮһжǿһƺѶܡ
ұ𣬾Ͳˣ룬ȥģҲ;ħ


2326 ֲ֮սż
ˮĻѱ棬ξٶһͻħź;ҪоֵʵֻףǶûκεƿԡ
Ѿ뿪ˣˮҲ֪ΪʲôӦԼʵ֮ǰˮԼоԼ̣ûԷӦһóһϡŹֵĶû뵽֮սż
ˮûκεĻɣ𻵵Ķǿõʱö죿
ˮо׬ˣⶫǿʵֲ̫ˣˮⶫΪһ񱩵Ĵڣѹܶණˮо֮սżԿѹţȻˮӳ֮󣬾ԿɨҶѹ
ϵܣУ
ĲУܿĵ˵
ϸ磬һηİɣõˣ˻ĳǿվĺȣһȥݷţҲܷģȻһȥѳాӹ
뵽ʲô·;ңԶҪǺһȥɣ
ԼɣԿһȥҪʱ̫ˡ
ˮһ˿ֱӻصҹ˹ߣֱӵĿĵء
Ҳû˵ˣȻԼĺӣô궼ȥˣҲںһЩʱա

ɾУˮ֮սżɫīһ㣬ȻڿҲƴСȴɢһɰԵо
ͻȻˮ뵽˾۱裬Ʒʣǲǿ޲֮սżء
Ȼ뵽ˣˮ֮սż˾۱УԵĻôͿһʵ
뵽ˮţʵֲ̫ˡ
ˮȭһжɵĽţ֮սżҲ֪ܻܲյĵӰ죬ֶûĶʱԼԸоԺС
ɾʱúܿ죬ˮó֮սżʱ۾ôģΪڵ֮սżıˡ
֮սż
սż𻵣޲ĿǰԴﵽ60000ʵ
ʶݣ
ȡʮξѪֱͻС̨񸮡
ûһˮ֮սż״̬ʵȴǱ֮ǰһ룬ԭ40000ڵ60000ʱ⣬˺ֻܾܹ鵽һϣ֮սż⣬𻵵̫ػǵ̫ߣ֮սż̫ߵĻҲþ۱Чۿۡ
ôѾˣˮֱȡѪȻʼ
һж˳һξѪȥʱ֮սżһֱӱ˲ˮǰһ׸ߵսżڽעɣûκ϶һЩͣ˫۾Ҳſˣһ̶ס
ɢϢվһֻԶޣˮʶһһ˿ʶ֮̽սż
ʶ˳ĹУˮһ𣬸оԼӵ˲֮սżͷ·Լһ㲻һãΪһü򵥵Ķࡣ
ˮ֮սżĶʩչһЩԼʵˣҪʩչˮһ£ֻʩչһЩ֮֮ǲܵġ
ͻȻˮ۾һȭ
ȭֱΪ֮սż׼ģķԱˮҪֲΪˮ֮սżʵǾģǷʲôĶܴﵽ˵ֵ
ˮ֮սżʹñȭȻûˮҲ٣ʵõ޴վԵûκεɬˮԼʩչһ
䣡
е֮սżıȭɾƺҪһǽķÿһдˮļ£ˮڵķﵽ40000ļֱһڿС
أ
޴ĺˮıȭ֮սżһ𣬳ƵˮоԼһΣã˽ĳɵûˮǺܣϾȭģԴˮԳܣеܺܲ

Ȼˮ֮սżҲʩչһˮ͸оеԲˣÿһȭֱɽػĸоˮԼǼս⻷󷨵ģûҺ֮սżӣȻһӾͰԼɰˡ
ٶȾ֮սżʹ֮ʵҲ˲٣صģٶȿȻǿˡ
䡭
ˮоԼеܲסˡ
ж֮
ˮ̫뱩ȭУʱ򽫶ԷжһЩ
ж˵ﵽ۷弫¿ȫԷֻһּ裬һ죬ο˫ʵйϵرǶԷԼǿ̫ʱǼӴжѶȡ
ԶԶԷôжͻЩжûʲô˼ˡ
ˮڵжʵֻƤëʤޣʱԣʱ䳤˾Ͳˣο뱩ȭԵúɬڲϵŬԣϣԽԽá


2327 һӣŲС
ҲǿԿ֮ˮͣޱ⣬ǿķ˺Ҳǿֵɼ֮սżǿս⻷󷨵ȸϵĻ
ʱ䣬ŵξٶٴˣһδʣµĶóһЩϡŹֵĶˮʲôҲУǴ󲿷ֶûõģһǲġ
һӣӿһҲģʲô֮һɵѹȻܵȴϸܻоޱȵİԵ
ҲǼӲޱȣϴοоľżԣ㿴ΣξٶЦ˵
һɣϲϲʣµóöɣܲȫЩɣ
ˮô˵ȴ֪Լ׬ˣǸ֮սżʮǿ
ξٶεЦЦó˼¼֮࣬ˮֱóɱ¾սͰǹսѡһ
ǹսɱ¾սѡһѡһ¼ס
ⶼʵЩһ𣬲ǿֻһּ𣬱˵еһЩǿЩһڡ
ЩǿԴսڵɱ¾սͰǹս񣬶һԭõڹϱ֮ǰǿɣô໹Ǻֲܿġ
ȥˣˮȥſξٶȻʾӭֱӺξٶһȥš
żĶˮҲûио˼
֣
ŵλãһƬλðɭ֣׸ߴȴǲɫĹΣвǹЩľײԾֺܺÿһ˿ϵϢһ鶯
ԶƮϸ꣬ǺѴʪ·ģг£ߵܿʯһʯͷ̳ɵĵ··ҲʺϳǰС
ŲܿСǰȥ·ۣ·𴩹һһһΪûһξͻֲͬľָڵĸо
ԶԶĿһƬ¥¥¥һƬ֣ɫģ¥Ҳɫģš߹
ˮ¥֮оһƬ¥Ӳ֪ŷϸƺʧˣе̫յĺ֣˺ܶ࣬ÿ˶Ǵ̾¥ȫٲȻһС硣
ˣξٶ΢Ц˵
治˶ŵ𣬺öడˮźܶ˿ͨˡ
ʵţҲ˺ܶ඼ͨˣЩ˺ܶ඼ĺֻţֻпͨſԽš
Ŷȥſ֪㲻㣡ˮʵ
㣬ʲôġξٶ˵Ŵˮǰȥ
ֵĵطžͺǰһСô󣬷ԲҲͼʮдʮ˿ڣž˵ֻСطСĵطˡ
Ÿ˰֮⣬˵ĽųҲһʱ͵ˡ
￴˶ǿߣû֮ǰ˶࣬¥ȴǸӵĸ߹ΰ¥ȺҲȽϡ衣
ξٻſڵŵ
ξٶͷˮ˽ȥ
ţС㣡ˮȵĿһŮվǰŮǲС㡣
ϸΣȻò΢˺ͱ󣬵Ů˵ʺܶأˣʱˮҲ΢Ц˵ּˣξٻã
ʶξٶȵ˵
Ǽһ棡
СҲŵˣˮŴһѩĲС㣬Ƕһ˵ķ顣
ţǵģ
ſҪСһǿ
ˮоеԲϾˡ
ã
С㿴˿ξٶͷ
ҺܱǸ
ˮ˵
ˣǼ鲻㣬Ѿ֪ˣ߼ģĿǼ޻㡣
Сҡҡͷ˵
˵ҺƺЩڡ
ˮЦ˵
ѾûˣҲ˵ʲôȥľ͹ȥˣ𣿡
Сٴҡҡͷ
ˮͷЦã
Сֻһͨĵӣʦ˵϶㣬ȻҲƶ飬ϲƣұȲǿƲҶϵĵӣôƾ貽СŵҲǲҡ
Ҳ۸ңƸʦ򲽴СʦףСƵԭΪҵһñƸŪɱˣ׼֡
Ƶʵ𲽴С࣬С֪ƵΪˣǸĵĶʲô鶼Ǹ̬˺ܶ취ˮʱŻ˿԰
Խɱֻû뵽ˣҲˣֻû뵽Ǳ߼ҵɱġ


2328 Ů˲̫
Сˮ֪СҲûд˵ʲôѾʧˣоӦã֪һŮˣһƯŮԼǿ󣬾Ҫиǿչ˲
ʵǿĺܶ࣬ˣΪδޣȻûгɻ飬ҲܵӰ죬ӦûһЩ˴⡣
СʦλŲߣҸҪС㡭
֪ν£
С΢Ц˵
ҽˮС㻹ǽҵְɣ
ˮ˵
ˮ֣ӦóҼ꣬ҽв̡
Сеϵơ
ˮһ㶣ˮ뵽˶֮ǸҲǽԼˮֵŮˣһƯܴҲܶصŮˣܿ׿ˣϺܶнվǹͣеĽʱ䳤һЩеĽʱһЩԼߵĻ˵ĺͼѡ
֣Ժû¿ȥңʱ䶼ҽҵӸʶԺʲôҰæܰ϶㡣
ˮ֮ǸоĿǷƲܺûǲԼɱģҲԼԭˮ벹̡
Слˮˡ
ЦŵͷջܴˮڵܴܺϹϵû˸ҶԼˡ
ξٶʱóһСӵݸȥɣȥɣ
һܼӹӣллξٻˮʱȥ㣡
ˮͷ뿪ˣҡҷӰһĶĸоһ˵ĸоǺǿңܵȴǺ
ôŵ仨ˡ
ξٶһתЦ
ֻǸп
ˮûгҲûзϡ
λӿԱȷҪƯһϵ޸ǳ
ξٶںˮϤˣҲˡ
֪ܲܣ
ˮʵ
չˣѾܾûгˣڣҪ
ξٶ˵
Ǿˣ
ˮ֪һзӦöľԼܵõһЩöҲΪӦԼҪӦҪ
ˮˣʵˣҲǷЩ˭ŵߴڣչأԶ׼
֮Уܿ͵һܶص¥һɫ¥ǺܸߣΧ¥߶Ȳ࣬ȴŷͬѰϢ
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ξٶˮ߽¥ϢζܺţζܵƱ׶ˣ̤ȥ֪¥ܴ󣬶Һ濴ܲһ
ǰߵľʵذһǽҲֽһﲼֹɫ㣬һľѵӣǿܾµ֡
վһŮˣһ欵Ůˣˮȿ˫޳ȣԲΣϸ֫ˮܿ쿴˶Էһſֲ
Ϻ˵Ķǰ̺ۣԵޱЩ̺ȴǱܿ˫ۣ˵Ǳ˹⻮ģһֱ°Ͷǰ̺ۡ
Ů֮ǰ󣬿һ˾Բࡣ

Ů˵ǿˡ
ȴǾޱȣһ㵭ɳƣرĺӺܵˮףŮŤѾܲˡ
лл
ˮӿòûκα仯ûҲûбŵŮҲһ㶣⻹ǵһμ
Ҫ֪ǱöƵģҽһЩϵĶŶҩ͸̾ɵҩҲûУȻ浽ŮΣ̻ǿԵġ
ⶾŮҲԹֶŻǻ϶ȥжʲôһټ졣
ŮѾơ
µģȻǶҲЩˣ˶Щ֮࣬ôҲܵ˸еĳͷĪǻԸ֣
Ů˵
ˣǿϣԺҪΪѳҡ
ڣûΪѳң㻹ʲôأ
Ҳһֱڳңǹ׶㣬ѷʱЩϲЩı赶ɱʲôģܽǿ緢ɱһЩҲûʲô塣
ˣŵùңҿ԰չ³ңһǿġ
Ů˵
й仰Ҿͷˣҵæôлһء
ˮš
ˣʲôҲҪҲϲܱ˵Ķ
Ů˺ƽ˵
жˣҪҸ뷨¶Ϊر
ˮ˵
лĺ⣬Ѿϰˣˡ
Ůҡҡͷûκβ˵
ˮû뵽ŮôƽΪԷԼⶾܼģһˣԼûģˮȻģ֮ǰҲҾͱ֤ԼܣŮֱӾܾҲûڼˣʵͨԿʲôûô˲̫ˡ


2329 ּС
Ů˼ȻܾˮȻҲ֣ΪرģҲǶԷԼɡ
ˮЦЦʲôʱ뷨ʱңҾͲˡ
Ѿˣˮʹ뿪ˣûȥѳాͳӹҲȴԼһԸûܰాҵĸϾڲ϶˵ﶼδ֪ұ뻹Ҫѡ
û뵽ЩƺעõģһԵ֣ûа취͡
Ů˲ûˮ뿪
ˮŮ˰ڰӰֱʧˣŮһԾŶˣӦǲӦһӦ˾ͻ顣
ΪʲôҽһأһЩ˲٣ǸҽҽеҽĿκ㡣
ξٶ˵
ҲٴʧοںܺãѾϰˡ
Ů˵
˫ǳֻڲ̺۵鰵Ͷĸо
ˮ뿪ˣû뵽ŵĸǸŮˣһйµŮˣˮڱ˵ĹûʲôȤصҽһ߳ܿͻųా
ܼˮһȥ
ˮǺһȥɣһҲá
˵
ˮһĸףĸ׶ڶŮĿǷȥǴǴҲȥ
һ£ˮͷǺãóǹһ£İԺ󲻻ٳʲôˡ
û˵Ҷ֪ˮȥһţοŵ˱ɱ˻Ųǰδе飬Ŷˣ˭ȥǳңǾĽࡣ
򵥵׼һ£ˮҪ뿪ʱ˼һƺλÿãһͼˣĻؼҾ׶ˣˮ˰˻ĳǡ
λ߼ΧĴׯ԰Ѿ½߼ѳΪ˹ȥǳʧˣˮŮԼսĵط
ˮԶڳׯԺԶˮġ
λúúЦų˵֮ǰˣںˣһһοԺܿˣܵ˵֮ǰһصʱȣҪʡһʱ䡣
ڲ磬ˮֱӴųֱʹ壬˲䵽˷ݣ˳ȥ˿ѻ򸾡
ѻ꿴ˮֱţĵǰһܱˣûҡ
ôܻϸأⲻ̫æˣҼҶѵûһΣҲǻؼңⲻȵ
ˮЦ˵رĿġ
ѻɽǵʱˮһһϤӰ˿ӰˣԸе촽˫ۣݺ࣬΢һ㣬ˮȴǴûǹ
ŮӺǰʶһŮӳһһԸ࣬ҵǸŮӣˮ֪Ϊʲôʱѻ˵ѾͷʺܺãҵıѾѧһˣԶԿһá
ŶǺܺãˣǸɶأ
ˮûп׵ӰЦ
ĸȥ⹫ˣˣҶֵܽúúһ
ѻѾͳʶˡ
Ǿٺȵ㣡
ˮЦ˵
ϵܣãĲᵢʱģˮٶǷİɣӡ
ѻĳļ˵
࿴ˮҲһ㶣̫ûмԭԿʱƺûϳһϳˮ΢Ц˵ˡ
ţСҲһҽˡ
ˮܿģͻֺܿġ
ɲ̭ңҵҲʦϽң̫ˡ
಻˼˵
ǸѾͷ㣬ѧѧȻٸʦѧһҸʾһ¡
ˮһЩĵıӵݸˮʵһЩʵõ֮һҲѧϰġ
ϵܣҲ̫˰ɣôѾͷ⣬ҪҸý
ѻЦ
ý𣬺ˣȺȾƣȿҡ
ˮϵ˵
ɫ΢죬һȻСĳƺˡ
Ķɵһţˣûˣܾ˺ܶ˵飬֪Լڵʲôϲҽϲ뵽ﲻɵĿĺȾƵˡ
ˮɵĻͷ˫꣬ˮǳ꣬ˮͷһվ
ϵܸȾˣţȥʲô
ȵȵȣ
ˮͷҲص˵Ȼֱߵߣһӽӵڻ
౾ܵҪʱˮ˵Ҿͱ㣬֪ŲţϱϲϲҪûǸԵ֣ƺǸΣеһһ֪ҵһμķӦϲ㣬ϲ
е㽩Ӳ֪ԼûߵŮƯΪҲ磬ҲΪʲôעԼܿģԭϲԼ


2330 žۣع飬һ
ʵһֱ˼ǰҲκεԽûб¶ԼļֻԶСôҲû뵽ˮʱס˵Ļһʱе㷢㶣Ǿϲ
һμʱ͸оˮ۹е㲻һ֪ԭԼúһˣıסˮĲӣ¶οɬЦ⡣
Ҿ˵СӴѾͷע⣬ڱ¶˰ɣ
ѻЦ
ǰӣⱲޡ
ˮĵ˵
һû뵽ˮ˵ĻĴ̧ͷˮҲΪ˵Ʒ
ˮεЦЦʵǰҵӣϲңʱѾ˼ˡ
ΪһΣеǸԸϲҵ𣬱ϾΣʵαϾһ
治Ϊ˵
СԴ̫ˣ𡣡
ˮԴ
ÿˮҵͷ
ˮȾƣȻŴǱǺͳҸȥˮ֪ܼѻͣʱ䲻ֱǰҡ
ҵˣ
һξϴλʱ仹Ҳػޣҹ˹ǿĴڣڷҾ޵еĴڡ
һˮϢԵ˿ˮԵһ㶣ܿǾϲ
һʱ˶ˣˮѳ򸾽ܸˣˮסһӺһŮ˹
ʵܵʱȻ֪ŮԼʮǰɢĺӡ
常
ాͳˮ𾴣Ҳףرǳ磬ˮĸ첲СŮһ
ǵĸĸ𣿡
ˮЦ˵
ʵǾ֪˭ǵĸĸϾˣ֪ΪʲôĻû̫뷨Ѿϰˣ常ǵĸף̺ĸǶҲһ
ƽЦ
ѾͷͲ֪귢ʲôǵĸĸΪôһЩһֱ棬˼ǵļ尾
ˮҲһףȻ֪һ׵ʲô̶Ȳʱ
ˮѳҷһ˵ాͳ۾Ҳˣ򸾿ǰĶŮܣôࡣ
Բ𣬸סĸףǶӲǡ
ాидܴ˵
Բ𣡡
ĸ׵С˵
һ𣬽ס֣ǶԲ㣬ˡ
ǣȻǵĸĸںҲǰǣǺܿĸĸ
̲סˣĵĿˡ
ʮûˮǿĵĿţָоرĺãˮҲǺܿģƺĳֶҲʵһЩ
дֱӿͷǺˮҲֵܣӽ̣ͷĸԸĿġ
¸ϽǷ򸾷ʹã
ǵ̣Ҳˮĸףҵĸûʲô
վЦ
һһޱȵ֣һˮڼס˼ʱ䣬ҹ˹衢¸¥ࡢԬա׺µȶˮܸоǷǣ˶ǰٰ谮ǡ
һˮλÿԸı䣬ˮֱӰѷݵĵңԺԼؼҾ׶ˣҹ˹ҲںݶλˣˮҶƹںﶨλãȻҲ߼ΧﶨλãʱԼȥٸġ
׶ˣҲȥĵطҲޱȵķ㡣
ాҲʽسˣҵĹϵǶϲ˵ġ
һλȥˮҹ˹һЩˣʱҹ˹ܴǻȥ
ڿЯһСΧֻͣҪϢĶᱻߡ
˲͵˰˻ĳǣҲһׯ԰һȻҹ˹ﶨλãˮȴҪҪҰᵽ
Ҳ㰲ȫϰ߷ˣȻҲϲͶӾ棬֪ˮĽŲһطͣʱ̫Ļﶼһô꣬οѾڷˣвٶɻҡ
ˮҲͲǿĻҲףԼȥڻȥһ治Ҫʱ䡣
һڰ˻ĳһʱ䣬Ȼ˻˷ˮǴҹ˹ȥһʱ·ǵˣһҶ輸Ůˮҹ˹Ȼģ֪ҹ˹ѸٻҲܻصˮڵλʱǺܿģһ֪˵ʲôʱĴ庮ҷЦŮ첻ѡ
ˮ߹ȥ庮ҷϴһ£Ĵ˵꣬ǲ粨һԾˣԲ壬ȴֲ˿ӷףպôﵽ£ԵΡ


2331 ȢŮ
庮ҷˮĵ㱣ԹĿˮ糺죬ϲĵˮµգ˫һˮɣ˵С죬ˮ뵽һ龰
ˮ޲ֱӰ͵һΣôˣȻԼŮˣҲûôƤ
ˮסĶͷ㣡
庮ҷɫˣĲ˲䣬ˮһԳϷӦĺǿң庮ҷܵˮı仯رǱĳֱӽЦ˵Ҷ㡣
ˮȻҲ嶨һ㡣
֮ϵ粻̫ˮǸѸĶλ֮ҹ˹ǸҲԣÿһмҪһʱ䡣
԰޵λöˣֻһλãĿǰˮٶֻҪݣȥﶼޱȵļ򵥡
ˮŮĵúܿģԼȥ˺濴Ѫ١
ˮʵ˺ܶ࣬Ѫٵʱǿǳ˵ǿ١
ˮס˰£ҹ˹˷ݣˮǻذ˻ĳǣ֪ˮһκ֮󣬼ŮˮҪһΡ
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Ҫÿλÿ¶ǿʹΣʹõʱ׼ʱҪ˲٣ܣһʩչҲ룬ᱻϣһη֣ǿԱƣֻҪ͵˻һͻᱻ͡
ص˻ĳǣ˺Ůȶﰲా֪ˮҲǾܡ
ڰ˻ĳˣϾ߼ҡҡŻڣִڶûжңɱһЩˡ
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ˮ֮ǰ֪˶ãҲֻǴͣ뿪鱨Ҫǿˡ
֪ס£мһ£ǴŮ˷ңԼ˻˺ͱţͱҷ˶ˡ
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ºܿģǰͺЦСʱˮ˵ȢŮˣһһŮ˶ֵܲܳ˶˵
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ᵽ֣ʵҲǸ죬ʱɱ¾սʵڷѾǿĴڣǿˡ
ս񡢰ɽս񡢽ս񡢰ǹսԼŮʵҲǶǿ
ˮʵó
ȭΪսרսȭ°빦Ͼȭž޴ĹϵҪʺһ㡣
Ǻƽˮûȥţ̫ͣʱ䣬һҪչˣǸҪɲ⣬ˮǺһ£Լ뿪ҲԸһЩ
ˮ֪ôӴϾԷϴѾ˵˲Ҫϰˣ治뷸
ڶ촫һϢҽһҪ˶ˡ
ѾҵңˮˮģϢҲǴõġ
ˮȻӦһǰˡ
λ֣֪ʲô˶ˡ
ˮʵָоӦǸΪϴˮܵǿҵĶأԻᱬһֲܿõʱĻֻʣ¹ͷ
ǲֻ֪Ƿ¡
˹˵
ˮ֪ʲʲôɴҲͲˣܿ͵֣Ȼֱӵ档
ſ﷢ξٶˮξٶرĿģһˮһ˵ŸģϵܣˣҲ֪ΪʲôҲǸˡ
ξٶˮƺܹĸϴε֮һֱţо֮һֱѰ˼ô֪ˮҽˮһЩ֪ġ
ߣȥ
ˮֱ˵
ϵܣûаգ
ξٶеʵ
ʲôʱˣҿԱ֤βҲԱá
ˮԼҽĵġ
ʱһ߱ҡͷ
˱Ÿҩ䣬һŮ˳һһ˵ϣߣ
̾ڰ뿪ˡ
ʱŮˮξٶ˵ξٻ
Ҳҽ԰ɣ
ξٶ˵


2332 Ů˵Ĺ£

ŮɵĿˮϾ֮ǰǸҽ˼һˣǰô̫ˡ
ξٻǴСߵˣϲСƽ£Ҳһ⣬ʱҲûа취ˣֻҪһϣ԰ɣ
ǲǲ񡣡
ˮЦ˵
⵹ҽɣ
Ů˵Ȼת¥ȥ
ˮڶˣһлɣ뷿䲢ûŵκεҩζµţˮϵŮˣʱſڴϡ
ǰ̺۽ϴʱɫɫһּɫǶʴ֢״ȥöþͻãʱϵͻḯá
Ů˿ˮһ㶣ôˣ
֮ǰ˵ʲôңĪĲκ㡣
ˮߵߣŮʾ֮ǰĸŮ뿪ˡ
ҵβãֶ̫ˣûκã¶Լܡ
Ů˵ܺܳ죬Ҳֻǻкܿɬ
ʲôˣʲôޣȻ˶֡
ˮҲǺʵ
һϲҵˣҲϲ˵òŮ˾Ͳܴڣҵˡ
Ů˵ŵʱЦˡ
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Ů˻˵ƺЩҲҸ˵˵
ʵˣֹ˽ԣһҸˡ
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Ŀκңһȥġ
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ģǾͲ˵ˣȸҽΣŶ
ˮ֮ǰ˵ʱѾͨŮ沿еĶأһһʦֻ䶾֡
ʮһֶأҶֺݶĶÿֶ֮˳Եͣȫں϶ˣʱ䣬ЩͷųӦеĶԣʱһֱظȾѾ˺ǿĿʱܸʹܾ࣬ĥ
ʦҪذ
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˵ҿԻʮܾ꣬ĥ
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ڻһԪڿʼĥʱ䣬βôһһһʹࡣ
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ģĶ⣬ҿԽջָҪ£ҲҪһ¡
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ˮ˵ó룬Ȼ˫֣һʱһ˫ֱþӨ񣬱Ů˵ƺҪƯǲȻֻ˸̾ȡ
ˮóסдԡ
ĺܺ棬Ϊʲô˵ʦֶκ㡣
ˮ˵Żʱһ롣
ΪûдҺá
Ů˵
Ϊʲô
ˮܺ棬Ҫ֪ϲŮˣǲϲԼҲµְѶԷ׻ˡ
ܼ򵥣ΪƶҩɣⱲˡ
شһˮˣʱѾʮ롣
һĸо沿ߣŮʱ˼΢΢κԼܿ͸оԼͷܻơ
ƺշ֮ǰС˵˺ܶ໰ѵΪԼߵͷԭ𣬵Ҳǣ֮ǰǿ˲ٵҽʦԼû˵ڲɵĲĴ
ᣬӦñԼᣬҲÿֳ˧ӣ峺㣬һ˵׺ɢһȻ֮˵׽ӣоˡ
ÿ𣿡
ˮЦ
Ů˺ƽ˵ţУҼ˸оˡ
ҪҪ޸ҡ
ˮȤ
Ҫ
Ůǳ׷ˣϷŮ̫ˣԼģ˵Լ޸ľǵһӦҲһΪվӣԼܰԼס
ȻҪ
ˮЦĵŮ˻˫۾ϸ˫۾ֻİ̺۽ڵ˾ųһûмܿ۾Ưġ
ã˵ġ
ŮЦ˵
ˮʵǸŮϣ˵Ҳһְοɡ
ˮһСӷǰó棬ʱϿʼγɫĶҺζ̱ǡ
Ů˶üͷ
ˮûκεı仯˫һֲֻϵЩϲŪһֻŮ˵İѹ࣬Ů𾪺ܴĲڵĿֲӦ˵ģϾжǰ̺šеɫֲܲġ


2333 ⶾޣ
ʱĴܴ󣬲ܿͱǰеĶҺ⣬ȻȣҺȴī͵һҲ𤡣
ÿһζҪһʱ䣬ˮԼģԼҽֺֻͺȻԼһо֮κŮˡ
ʼŮ˸оԼϺܿ͸оһ˿ȣʼûע⣬ʱֻԽԽǿң֮ǰΪǴ֪ⲻǴΪ¶һ
Ů˵ʵһĻҰоգܿ첻գۣرۣŮһֱûзκʹ˵治ʲô
ʹΪˮһͺȻԭǾɵġ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱŮ˸оԼһɣƺʵӣϴûôǰܸоеľľġ
ˮʱҲϳˣʱȴ룬Ҳ֪һκŮ˵ϣûע⣬Ůȴǿˣ̧ͷˮĪһִ
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ˮ˵֮ԸΪǿһЩҩȻ治У׹ǵĵҩҲÿԻָ֮ǰģϾϣܶϸ΢ط׹ǿ
Ҳۣǵ۲ʲô
Ů˴ʱȼǿϣ
ˮŮһЩҩϻʲôĶϵҩ
Ϻҩˮ붾Һ˳ȥŮסˮ˵ԼȥˮЦҾҪ붾ҺɣԺ󻹸Ǹʦ֡
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뵽ǸˮֱӽȥҳǸӡ
ӴңһӣһһЩһǼӲģȷʵǸӡ
ͨ
ˮҪͨ
ޣ
һ֣ˮֱӾסˣҲ̫Եˣˮǰ粻һǰһЩںûκιϵҲ˵ʲô
ˮϽʲô
Զʱڵޣ˵Դ񣬲ѾˣѾǰһѲޡ
޸ɡ
ӱ
ɵӷɵĹٷʮùٷ֮ʮʹٷ֮ùĿҪɵĹ˺Ŀɵļ
ξѪԪһܡ
ˮ鼤һԶԵĶͬҲǱ𻵵ģⶫİԵǲ˵ˣŴ֣˼ֱ̫ˬˣǼرǰٷʮʹ̫ˣİٷ֮ļҲǺСϾʵֹеĻսٶȺܿ죬˲ԴУʱʺܴ󣬶ʲǸʳնɱͬʵ
ˮ󿴵һ漸ˮһ
רá
ôˮֱӰɾûˣԼãҲߵãںֻá
ΪֻĴڲſ˲ЩȻӲκ
壬ˮҲ˵ˣھݵĴ壬ϲǺܶ࣬ÿһǿĴڣرǴﵽβοգǿͨ
һ嶼ŮԣǾɫܶ嶼иŮ˽ǽĴڡ
ܰ嵱ɽģޱȿֲĴڣˮҡҡͷҲˣϧôһŽɽĸо
ɾ֮սżˮſ󶴸ص˶УɫĶ֮սżȴ޸֮սż


2334 ʵ
ڶˮɾҲˣȻǸ¥ŸԵԺ䣬ӭų̫ȭˮڵ̫ȭѾѲ̫ȭͨȭȭӰӣƺǡ
ˮҲ֪Լʲô磬ѾѲ֮ǰⲻˡ
һҲûãʱʱʱͣʱ
ĳ⣬ضȾ˽ɫ֣Ȼ󲿷ʱ䶼ϸ꣬ܶʱϸ궼¶̫
ʺ粻ʲôϡĶû춼ܿһǺָܶ࣬ܶĹգãǵĽ¥ϸƮʫ黭⡣
õط˺׵ľƽ֣Һܷõĵط֮һ
һǸ¥£ˮ֮΢Ц˵ҽ
ˮЦЦȥ
Ůһվڷ䣬ˮһתǰ鶯֮ǰһֻҰɣڲһˣ·ɳ鱻ϴһɳɢĲöĿĹ⻪
ţɫˡ
ˮЦ˵
Ǿ鷳ˡ
Ů˵ûЦ֪ڵʲô鶼ʺЦҲǺܳ
ɳ鷳
ˮЦʾŮȥ
ⲻ֮ǰĴ齣񴲣ˮס۾Ҫֻ۾λãŮ˵񾭣ȻˮóСʵĴС
ֵӱǿģʡˣˮ֣֮֮ȻʼЩ̺ۣˮʲộǿô
ǰ˾ģʵɳʲôģǰˣˮĺ棬ȻܾϸûһֻһЩѪ
֮ҩۣ
ˮҩ۸ȥʼģʹ롣
ˮΪ˱ֱһʱֻ¶촽һܺͿԲʮͿ۾Ĳλˣ۾Χ
Ů˿ߵһбµô̺Ƥﷴɣƺȥ˺ܶİһܺòãһԼб仯ûˣԼûвˣͳˣԼ̣ôҲ֮ǰҪһЩɡ
ˮһԵģҪڵҪʳƣҪҩţŮ˺ܲ˼Ŀˮڳæµ
Ҳҩţָкܴİ
ˮһһ˵
ҩݲȱˮűΪϸţҽͳˮоģµҲܳԼ
ȻоԼеš
ܿҩƮɢرˣܾµһҩһС룬ֻɫζζѾ˳ʳ
Ůû뵽ˮգˮҩŷϣһ÷ƣҩŵζûһͻƺںһˡ
Ů˺һھƣȻֳ˿ҩţŵĿˮȻܿͽ÷ƺҩųˡ
Եĺܿ죬Դ̸ţȴȻޱȡ
ҳԹõĶȹõľơ
Ůһδɫ
лл佱㸴ԭˣ㣬ʱоӵζ
ˮҲܿģ֪Ŀġ
ˮǸоŮһûϢ¾ϰ̺ݺʱҲˣ˵ֲֻģΪʲô˸оȻء
ͻȻˮǰҰˣǰŮ˻ԭŮˣȴŰβӰӣβ͡

ˮ΢΢۾Ȼָԭӣˮ֪ⲻǻþӵ֮ͨǰͨġ
뵽ǸޣŮˣƺʲô
Ӧûʲôչصɣ
ˮƺĵһ䡣
ô֪ġ
Ů˺ܾȵĿˮҲûзϡ
ҲµģӦþŵ
ˮЦ
ֻΪ˸ϣ
Ů̾
ˮҲΪʲô֮ǰŲôǿƣΪʲôӦԼһЩֵܹʵ˵ʱҲŲٵ⡣
ˮû˵塣
ˮоŵӦԶŵʱ壬ǴԶŴйģǴӦĳһλֻǲ֪Ϊʲô𻵣ˮоӵѴ޵ӦˣϾ޶ˡ
ǴʱʼޱɱϵĶŵĲֿɡ
ڵʲôԭˮȻҲ֪Ҳȥ׷ĸԴ
Ϊˣ޷Ӧúǰͬ޷Ȼɷˣֲӵ
޾𻵵ģҲ棬οٴλָɵ𻵣ôȻǿ󣬱ԶʱڵĴ޲磬ˮڵĲ˵ǾԵ


2335 ҶңΪػѡ
һܵʱܿȥˣˮһҲûлȥһܵʱ䲻ʲôοҲҪˮҲܼΪԽҿŮϵİˡˮŮе㲻ƽܵ˵á
ûкãʧ𣿡
ˮЦʵ
ᣬٻҲỵ֮ǰ֮ǰҶ̹Ȼԣʲôʧġ
ŮǺƽġ
̬
ˮ˵ֿʼĽ⿪ͷϵĽᣬȻĽϵǲŵɴܿͲˣһɵģƤмһ
ǿǹ⻬ƤȻޱȵϸ壬ԺˣԺָԭǲκġ
Ů˿ˮﻹЩġ
ȥϴȻҸԼ
ˮǹһ
Ů˵ͷþ֮Ů߳ϴ֮°ù⻬ҲļԵý۷ۺ죬⻬ϸ壬ʱŮ˼ĿˮȻһӱסˮ
Ů뻳ʱŮ˺֮ǰǾԲͬģֻ۾ΧСķΧͶͷŰ̺ۣ۾֮µλöǺģ˸û˵
ľɫȻǲ˵ˣ欵޵ɢϢȻ
ˣӦøˣôˡ
ˮʱŮ˾Ȼĳҭ
û£Ǻܿġ
Ůˮ˼˵
Ҫû¼⣬ָһ֮ڿʼһºţͳ׻ָˡ
ˮóյ֮פյʲôĵݸŮˡ
ŮҲûж룬Ϊ˻߶ָĵҩʱҲٵҩˣҲʣ֮ȴرĸоԼʱˮʲôҩ
ŮһվӵĴȥȫĴ֮࣬ǰǳĲգ֮ǰŵĲգʧõûʧÿһᶼҪȥһ¾ӣΪһΣʱص֮ǰ
ѹʧȥ˺ʹӲӵеĸоǾԲͬģһһֱ⵰һ򸻺⵰صĲ࣬⵰һֱܺúֵܿĻţ򸻺ѻȥ
ˮٴζ֣֪һ¹ȥˡ
ȫָŮվˮǰʱˮʧĸо欣Ѿϸ֬⻬ˣһ˫峺ۣˮĺۡ
Ҳ˸о۲ôˮǰҲôΪģǰоһǲ̫ˣ庮ҷ֪ԼˣڿŮҲ֪ԭĿȻ
˫ϲеζʹǸܳŮˣָоŮ˾ἸʮҲῴ죬һʷ飬ķ顣
ˮεӣˣ壬ȥҿɾ͵ֵסˡ
Ůһ㶣֪ҵݣ
иԿһЩĴڡ
ˮҲ
Ҳãһ֪ô˵أ˵Ҫҵġ
ŮЦˣЦʤա
ˮһ㶣ҿЦģ㲻õ棬һ֪˻ǰͺ̵ġ
᲻˹
Ůֱʵ
Ѿˡ
ˮϽ˵
㲻˵Ҳ֪ҪûŮҶǲǲϲŮˣɷǸ檣Ҳ⣬ǲǲԸ⣿
Ů˻ǵһμԼƵˡ
ô˵ɣҲʲôʥҲʲôҵˣһ̫࣬ⶼծҳԺû
ˮɬЦìܣǿǸ檳Ⱥ
һҲ࣬һҲ٣׼ˣҪңҾԶޣΪعѣػѡ
Ůĵ۾˵Ļȴǲ˻ʵ
ˮû뵽ŮôͣһʱҲ֪ô졭
ǲǿҺ㣬ҡһûоˡ
Ů˲˼˵˵ʱˣĺӿǺҪġ
ǳ𡭡Ǹڲ˵òã㿴ôʱûȥˣȻȥԺòãʱ˵
ˮùģǸδµŮǿԿġ
ǲǴ뿪Զˡ
Ů˵ɫ΢΢įڶ֪ˮϲһμָòʱӶˡ
ôܣеңôһеֵס
ˮϽο
ֲ㣬ҲҪӱңһ˳Ȼòã治ߵһûǸûǸԵ֡
ŮЦſˮ
ȻҰκҲ㲻Ƿʲô
ˮٺЦ
ҲϲԼ˵ˣҲ֪ô£ʵһΰҽⶾʱҾͷˣָܻòԶ˵ġ
˵һ὾ġ
ˮӡ
ס˵ĻҪǸҶңҾΪһӻѡ
Ůٴοˮ˵


2336 ʦֶͱޣ
ˮŮ˵ĻһģİԼûôôΪԼػˡ
С㣬㣬㵽ô
ҪѡŮ˵
ˮȻֻ֪ǿʼԺķչǿŮˣǸоԼŮеˣܾŮҲоѵģϾŮҲǻ񼶱ġ
ŮԼԼʵҲĵģȻҲ
ӾԶοŮ˻ôˮǸоܼѡ
ѾˡˮЦ˵
󷨡ŮЦſˮ
û⣬ҽһ󷨰ɣϲˮˣǵһ壬ҲһЩ飬Ů˾ԼѣŻеġ
Ȼѣôǿ˺ô࣬οԺԼһЩתƵҲ˵׼
ҶŮƺܿĵĿˮ
ˮͷó˴ޣȻʼʱе㳤ҪһڣŮ˸ѪȻһڣˮҲһֱ
Ů˶ˮĻŲɣŮ֪ԤǵĶһԶµĶȴǸϵĶˮУ֪⳥ˮû뵽ȴԼ
Ůʵ֪ⶫרõˡ
һܺһ貵ֱʣﶼϼ⣬ֻǳһŮ˾Ⱥð죬ȻҲ֪ʲôˣȻ
Ȼˣˮ֮ǰָֻɣڵĲǾǿ֮һ֪Ժܲ޸ҪܻصԶǸʱ״̬̫ǿˡ
Ů˸оԼںһ壬һͳУһֱʧ󴦶ôһһ糤ľ´Сӡ
ڵĴ޿ɫǿ֮ǰĹ˺ܶ࣬ڽӲӵģֹӵζûʧǿˡ
Ůٴα˺þãû뵽ˮôһܾˡ
ϲ𣿡ˮЦ˵
ϲ̫ˡŮ˵
ⱾŵĶʶΨһһ壬ⶫӦϣʵġˮǺ̹Ȼ治һרõĻ᲻
ҪҵʦҲҵĶ֡
ʦǣˮܺ档
һֻ壬ǶΪҲǼǿ󡣡Ů˶ˮûκ
ãԺлҸֻծ
ôֺݵˮȻʲôøУο֪ԷҲŹԼ˭ŮŹģԼȻˮ˾ͻȳֳԷˡ
Ů˲һ󷨣ȻˮõģŮҪѧҪһʱ䣬ˮ뿪Ů֪ˮͳҵĹϵҲ֪ˮ˵ŮҲ֪ô
ֻŮΨһľ˴ʼնûѯʲô֡
֪Ƶֻ̫ܵһǰѾһŮ

صˮ˲ٵľ󣬿ԼӿڵѾ߹ģˣϾѾ˵ʵˣһЩﶼˣرڵɱ¾ս;սڵĹѾˮķ࣬״̬ķ
ȻҲˮǼ״̬¡
˲Ǻܶ࣬ȫҲͲˣ⻹ǰɽս˶ˣˮǴǰˡ
ʱ䲻󲿷ֵطûȥҲÿطȥǲ֪Ҫʱ䣬ʮϰ꣬οһʼûͣڽ˵֮ǰԤĻҪôһ㡣
ˮҪȥϢˣȻܶ˶Ҫţˮҡҡͷһһ˹ȥ򲻱ֻҪʱˣҾǡ
ʱѻ˵ܵʵ֮ǰǿ˲٣֮սżˮоӦÿվȽţ֪ûħţӦоħŵķ֧ħм
ͨŮˮѾ֪ߵ򡢻
򣬺ͬǣ֮ÿ֮Ĳ඼Ǻܴ󣬸иĶ죬ǿʳһЩԶš̡Ǹ干棬һжƽȵġ
ˮǱˣúʵͬʱչǸһҪǰġ
ŮȻе㲻ᣬˮǵԶλúͿԾˡ
ͨıڵˮǿԴƵģֹܶˣʵͿԳˣʵıϺֲܿˣʵﶼǷëǵĴڣǾۼǿʵ̯ǿɾһǷһҲϾݵĴСǳ治֪жٸ


2337 򣬴ׯ

һеĵطȻҲ˵ȫǴǸȺħ磬û˻ںҪˣֻҪʵС
ˮ֮һһ޼ʵĻɽȻʩչУȻһߵĻɽʵ̫ˣȻһ춼û߳ɽɱ˲֪ޣвһЩǿĴڡ
ôˮĸоȫӦöҪϲϣԼǿľ￴ôˣΪһ첻ͿԳȥƬġ
ˮֿҪʮãûʲô켶ޣҲɣֻһ·ûκ࣬Ҳˡ
ţǰд̡
ˮȵķԶд˵࣬ˮѸٵĸ˹ȥ֮ŷһׯһ䣬ԶԶȥҲٻ˼ңֻǸСׯ
ǸСׯȴһ棬ˮȣΪƽյأٽ棬ǺΣյģׯǿ
ˮðһŹֵͷٽׯʱˮҲûзʲôˮ˳ôкܶ˶ҲĴ
ʵһʵϿԿ˻ÿ˶ٶΪȴǲߣ߲٣Щ˶ʺ۷壬Ĵڡ
һׯǺˣֻׯλˮо֣ΪҲһ档
ˣк𣿡һ˳΢Ц˵
ϲȥðյģ·ˡˮЩʵ˸оǺܺõġ
ŶȻǾͽϢһ£Ե㷹ɣСطҪˮ
ллϲϼҲǴׯģôأҸоУƺصϼҡˮׯ
ûþͿʼɱһЩҰޣ׼Ʋ˷ˣ⵹ˮе㲻˼Ͼ׷ǹܵôдǸоеⲻȥġ
ûһʮ˽˴ӣһ֪Ǵ񣬶Ǻ꣬ǶǿһЩҰмֻ޻ˣÿ϶ǹҸЦݡ
ˮ֪ˣһ׳ʵĺ˹ʲô֣һһǸǿˣҽд׳
ҽˮ׳ãΪ㿴׳вС
ˮ俴󣬵Բ׳Ҫ
ˮ磬ҿӦñҴ꣬㻹˵ȻǶׯҰʽеҲԵЩ治ġ׳ˬ˵
ˮ磬ǴܣȱһǺЦ
ȥȥСƨΪе˭Ҫȡ׳ûЦ
ţ廹治ϧûеҪ죬ӲʵˮŴ˵

кܶ˶ǾȵĿˮ֪ˮӦòһˣڿŸһˡ
ɣʹκΰ취ֻҪҵĽŲ뿪ӮòãˮǺЦ
ׯˮƽ̬Ҳޱȵİƺ˺ܶ飬⡣
ˮ粻ܿˣҪСˣ
ֱӰں˵
ڻûг꣬ҲܿҪˣ첻µزµʱ򣬴ĺģûˣ羮׵һоԼǿġ
Ȼ˵ˣ죬Ҳ⣬Ҳ
ɣӮ˿нģҲСˮ˵
໣
ܴһһˮȥܶƺҡΡ
Ȼ䲻󣬵ϵ츳治һʩչС
ԣ
ˮײԼϣܷ໲ҽУ˷·ײСɽһ۵ҽҲײˣվˮ·𿴹һ
ڻûг꣬е㶫ʺ㣬ҪҪѧˮЦ˵
ҪҪ
ڶҪðСˣûʲôãϲԺܳԣǴеľԳԻθںãԳһͷţ
ˮֱӽν̸
һ´ܷ·õһֱȥʳˡ
е˶ˮˣŸм󵨵ĺ˵ҲҪѧˮǲǶǺΣ߰ȭͨȭ̫ȭ̸ǡ
ˮˣȻͽһԵЩ˶õ棬ˮƽ˵ƽҲôôƵġ
ΡΡ¹ΡλΣҲѧˡ
֪סˣĴҲϵò٣ˮҲ뿪ˣˮ֪ҲߣѾˡ
ա
ʱһִٵٵԶ쳾һ޵߳


2338 ˮˮʣүˮ
ա
ʱһִٵٵԶ쳾һ޵߳
ˮһʱеز֪ʲôϵľʱеˣѵˣ
Щɱ˲գ۵ĶħôСֵܣ߰ɣӺߣЩ˿ɱ˲գۡϴ峤Ͻˮ˵
ϲЩʲôˣʲôˮûߣƽʵ
Ǻڼ׾ǰֻ˵ЩˣˮľӣʵˣɱӶᣬ޶֪ƫƧĴӶɱˣŮ˺Ͳߣɱ׳г̾˵
ʱһЩֹסǰӰߵĳҲ¡
λ֪ǰʲô飿峤ȥʵ
϶Ƥ޹ǽǮаŮ˶гȻǲΪ׵һ󺺴һڿ˵
ϴ峤һ㶣ƺ˵ʲô
ž
Ǹֱһӳߵϣ϶˵ϻʧȥģȻֱɱǡ
ҴҵʱһһֱӳǸڿ״󺺡
Щ˿¶׷ޣһֺɫޣȴǱ˺ü׳ٶҲ죬пԴﵽʱ󺺵һڿ״󺺡
дصƿһںڿ״󺺿Сƣ۾գһ£¶ޱȵƺٿһֻСһ
еĳȴǵĲӰǷǺһŴȥ
Ȼô֪Ҿͳȫ㣡
ӣ˺󣬶֡ϴ峤֪Щɱ˲գۡ
Ȼϴ峤֪ˣˣһŭЩˣǾһ
еĲҽвûзʱ󺺵İȴǴ˺ڿ״󺺵ıϣֱӴ˸滨ꡣ
ʱҿˮһֻŶԷıԣҲ֪ΪʲôӵԴǺڿ׵ıϡ
˭ڿ״ŭ˻һˮ
ˮľӣˮЦʵ
ʲôˣòҪԼ鷳ڿ״ɭĿⶢˮ
ž
ˮûжطֱһ˹ȥһӽڿ״󺺴µ׷޶ˣˮԸֱӿ԰Դ򱬡
Էܶ˶׼ֵģһǵһͷһǿģȴֱûл֮һºˣߵְˡ
ǣˮľӡڿ״ϻһɫȻǴѪȴǺܹ
ˮôɱӶġˮٴ˵
ǲǡ
˼ԼôˡˮԽˡ
ҲɼֻǷ¡ڿ״ڶˡ
ҿղźоҲܺãĴˡˮɱԽԽŨʲô黹ǻֳͽһЩˡ
Ҳүģ˲Ҫɱǰ
ˮЩ˲ֱЩ˳ʧˣЩ그µл
лǵĴӡϴ峤ͷҪˮ
ɲУס˺ü죬ЩܼҲӦõģϲҽǵǼȭҪ԰ǲ٣ǵвʲػǵĴׯˮס˵
ĻģϲǷģһȥǸνĺүԺġˮ֪ЩҲƽԸǣǲٵġ
ˮˮ뿪ˣһȥ
ү
ˮˮˮʣǾλ˳ˣ֮Ҳˮ֮λˣĻλϮʵġ
࣬Ǻүʲôģʵǿʵġ
ˮȥľһүˮԵһүǾԵʵۣףˮӦö֪ôһүĴڣϾ̫ˣˮֻҪͿˣںү
ǿߵɽˣˮһ·Ͼ˲ٵĴׯӣҲ֪ڼ׾Ŀɶ񣬺ڼ׾Ǻں򸮵˽˾ӣڳǳôŭϾźү˲٣ҲвټүĺڼҲѷɫʲôˣһЩ˳ûٵġ
һЩùֻȥƫԶط
үػǺܴģԵԶһʳƫƧĵطȻС˿ϡ裬Ҳˣǳصֻռ֮һһʣµĴ󲿷ֶǴ򣬻ĵظ࣬ΪάǳԺܶ˶Щù顣
ˮǣ
һ޳ǣ̾޼ֶǼﰲȫбϣḻһжõģһƬıᡣ
ˮֻһʱ͵˺ˮǡ


2339 ˰ʤ
ˮǺܴˮҪүǺ׵ģһүƫطǱҲû˻ע⣬Ȼȥɥ顣
ҪľôЩ˾ȥЩ캦飬˺þҲ벻ʲôõİ취ÿÿиԵܶԼ뷨ȥҲû
ȻӦ飬ȻҲҪЩʲôЩ鲻ȫžǾͼҲԣˮȥʶʶڼңòǾҸڵĺڼҺˡ
֣ҵүˮһ˴޳
ǸˣˮǱҪʺܺãܿǸҴӵܣҪҴӵһ㶼Լޣޣǲ޳ġ
Ȼ룬Цϣã
ˮͷֱӱĿ˼ŽôڼԲ٣ÿʵǲ˵Ѫ׹վģһǿݺοһһء
үˣ
ˮֱӸǮǰݻĴׯ԰
ˣ󲿷ֿѸʵĳ̶ȶǿסլܸоԽסլҲԽҲԽ࣬ǰׯ԰ܴ󣬸ߴţжʮףҲʮ֮࣬д̽֡
ү
ɷ裬˵ʢˣˮǲԾг˰Ǻ֣ˮܸоȱ˵ʲôˣһ֪дֵǸˡ
ȱʲôˮҲܵˣ̡
ȱٵ̣
ڼǺүˣʵ۵Ĵڣڼﰴ˵Ӧǿĵ̲ǣôȱٵأʱһôǺڼд֣Ǻˮеĵ֣Ҳһ
ˮͷһǸӣ˧һӡ
Ǻ֣ǣˮЦ˵
ǰʤ㵹ôƺʤЦ˵
ҽˮڼָģڼôˮЦ˵
ˮﲻ֪ˮʲôοˮһүʤˮû£İ׼ҲãǺڼ˼ٰİ׼Ҳãûз
ڼҿĺү磬ҿ㻹ǲҪȥĺãһôͺүʤüϵˮ˵
лģõңǰ׼ˣҲһݴ񡣡ˮЦ˵
֮ǰʤʱܺӲǾȻǴ˵о˵ʣҪʵܲĲҲˮоǺڼ˵ԭ
֣װǲֵáʤȰ
ܸܲҺڼǿʲôǲʲôֲĿɽˮʵ
ڼҵǿҪиػޣûػޣôڼ޷λϡʤ˵
ˮЦڼҵǸػʵȫˡ
ʲôʤ˼˵
ڼסдʲôʱ򣬴ʱ֪𣿡ˮʵ
ǰ
ô˭ڽ꿴ڼҵػ𣿡ˮŵʵ
û˵˭ػֶʮ겻Ҳġʤ˵
˵ΪˮǵҶڼңʵǲ֪ڼҵǸػѾʧˣʧȥɥʧս֮ûˡ
ˮ֪⼸ǺڼҼд֪֮ˣԼǵ֣ұڼҪߣˮҺүɲûػ޵ģҸסʤˡʹˣүǰʤĪˡ
ݵˣʵ˵ǺүһҲ֪˭Ǻү˭ǿͿүͲһˣԼɱҲܳΪֻҪһĻʲܷ
ȥ֪ͨǼˣ׼ֺֽүɣˣȰһѣѹˡˮѰʤһɽϣȫʣ֮
ǿ֮ʵõ޴ӣ̺ž˵ǱܣˮһЩҩͽ룬ֱӰѰʤʵܶࡣ
һ°ʤȫˮڿˮ翴һ
ȥү׼үסԺˮǵĺүˡˮЦŽ˺ˮ˵
ʤȻˮˣҲе㲻˼飬ˮһ֪ô
Ǿˣ˲ٺ°ɣʵۻĹ̫ˣ˺үһ֮ʣÿһһ󹦵¡ˮջ˵
ˮĻðʤĶģҲֻ֪֮ǰ׼ҲûǸʵˮĳгԾԾԡ
ԥˣ練ƣ˵㣬ˮҲʲôûκεͼˮ֪ҩ


2340 ȥԶŴѪ
ˮǺõģΪʤ֪ԷȷʵʵͷѸٵ뿪ˡ
ʱˮү
󵨣ʲôˣҴүſڵסˮڴȡ
Ǻү̸ˮͣ˵
ʲôˣǺүͼȥȥǺүԸ˭Ҳͷ˵
ˮһ˾ȻôţūŻǺүţ
үûаѺˮǵ˷ˮµģȻ뿪ֱһƿȻǲԸ·ҾԼɣ
󵨣ɱ⣡ˮƵֱӴ
ˮվסӣűƵڵϺȵӣŰӣ̬ȣֱһƴ˹ȥ
أ
˻˺ãˮԺڼѾûκκøˣЩ˾֪ڼҵĽ棬ȻǻڼҺˣأɱΪ»ǹһ
ǵڷһоһʱһˣȴǵõ˺ܴĹ£ԭԭǱȵ˹ºܴ
оɱһ¹µ˺ܶ࣬ԭ˵Ĺºܸߡ
ɱһ˺ܶܶĹ£ɱǸ׼ˣأɱ֮һ󹦵¡
ʱҲǴɱġ
ˮɱһ֮ˣȻǷͷܱܿߺүɱˡ
һºүˡ
ʲô˴󵨸ү
ɱ

ܿ첻˳ֱˮɱȥˮҲҲӵӽֱӽѾúڼҵɥʧǣҲ͹ʽ
ү˾޴Ķúܶ˶оˮҪˡ
ʱȻû˶ǹͷڲ¾ȷġ
иȴǶˡ
׼ң
׼ҺͺڼͷȻڼǿ󣬵Ҫҩ״ѹ׼ҲҪصĴۣص޷ܵ
׼Ҹɴֱ࣬ӳ˺ڼҳ˺үȻɱ¾Уܿƽˡ
սݣ׼ȴǼˮĿֲһо˺ڼǿĴڣð׼Һܶ˶ʲôڣǲǸûࣿ
֮ǰοȰʤڰ׼ҵĵλҲǺܸߺܸߣҲͣڰʤʵǿˣˮֱðʤܺү׼˶ûκ
ˮŰʤϣܰãڱԵʱ˺ڼ׾Ծ壬ס˼죬纩Ϊʵܺá
ģ֪ôһˮǲٹȥЩ飬˭ҸҾڡʤ˵
㣬úøɣԺǻټʱ˵׼ѾһߡˮļȻӰʧ˰ʤ˵ǰ
ˮһڵҲ֪ˮһЩǰǺˮǵΧڵʱ̣ܶˮֱǰˮʳǣʶʶˮǿĵطҲ֪һš
ǿǲʲôħš
ˮ̨֪յڲ򣬻оʲôʵˣеͷۣħѪʵ̫Եˣúõģһֱһڻ񶼾ˡ
뵽ˮͺܣŮ˹ˣȥΪʲôͰԼˣƺ˺ԼйصһС
һˮʩչУˮĵ̫ˣԲһܵʳǵģһһɽϣһܴɽһˮ;ĿԶ
һ޴ķһֻѪ
˵еҲǺзѪĴڣҲнѪЩˮоôʲô˼ֻ֪ǿ󣬶һԶִѪ
ֻɫڰ״Сɫ׵磬µ׵֮⣬Ȼֱˮ˫Ĵˮ״׵ֱӺˮ
ˮɵ񹥻ʲô
ˮѸٶȻƽսȥ
̫ԶתҲûҲ֪ҪҪɱ
޴˫ȻӶ׵Ѹͣ쮳˿ֲ쫷磬Կ԰ѵ˺ĴڣɲǰЩܱȵġ
ˮ̫ǿˣЩɵôʶʱֱӻŻƽս¡
ԣ
ƽսꪴ񣬵ȴǷֶԷϱһ⣬û˵񣬷һǿҵĵ˳Żƽսꪴˮϡ
ֱһðڵ׹⡣
Ȼһ˿ľӰʲôǿ
ˮ˻ƽսꪣƽսڵ籩ȭء

񿴵ˮȻûб׵ƺŭˣһ߿УȻһ貵ɫ׵ӿдֱϼϸϸֻϸһޱϸĵߴӿˮ


2341 񣬺ûѪǿ
ֻǴѪԶ֣ʵҲǲˮʹöתƾԿɱֻ񣬲ˮͻȻоǲҪɱĺã
ʶһɽˮǰ
ݹ׷
ȥ
ˮٿɽ޷ݣһ޴Ӷĸо
ۣ
һֱӴ͸ĳֻԶ񷢳˿ֲĺУֻǸոտʼɽϵϴ̴ˮٿžɽϵĺ
ľɽҲǲСֶܻʱҲܽײˣвϵĲҽл𲻶ϵ¡
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¯ƺʲôֲĴڣ߿ĽʱһжѾˣ¯ֱӱþ޴󣬽ѹȻ¯С
¯غСˮУֻмСֱӿʼþûˣ¯ôþҲ˲٣Ҳǿˣѹˣѹ
Ȼ˵ʲôʵѹģҲʵΪģԷʵԽǿѹķԽǿܲס֮ôԼܵ޴˺
ˮɾڼ·
¯ǿˣһǲҪˮˣҪʱ䳤һ㣬ʱ䳤һ㣬ɾʱҲУŶš
ʮɾʮˮ¯ֻǳ׵ʧˣֻһɫĵҩֻкҴСӨ͸ɢ˵㡣
ˮóҩͨȥ
ѪǿһЩѪĺӵĶٿĿѪǿԽǿѪԽ٣ٷ֮һٷ֮֮䡣
ˮﻹСһ£ԭֶⶫǺöе٣ҪƶٴѪޣһÿζƳѪǿ
ˮ뵽Լޣкаٷʮ˵ĻѪˮýѪһǿڤޡհ׻
ڿҪҩԶŴѪˣѪԶ޶ǿڣ˵ϲǺܶ࣬һĻһޱȿֲĴڣԼǵĺһԼ˵ġ
ˮѪǿ˽ˮƵ˰ٷ֮һ
ٷʮŵѪٷֶʮһСٽ㣬ʵӲ٣ǰٷʮţӵʵԾСˣѪֲҲǿǰʮĴڣǰ
޵Ե˻ܵѾ˻ѪֻϡĿԺԲƣʹѪǿǿӻѪġ
ʣµĶˮƳ˾ԪʵģѪҲıѪ
˦˦ͷҲǸϣ޺ͽΪǿӵлѪĴڣ綼ﵽܵĳ̶ȣҲֻ߳ɵ˳ɵĻѪѾĴڡ
ǸõԸԺӿҵ㹻ĴѩޣʹöҲǸ⣬һ˰ٷ֮һˮºʮѪǿӰٷ֮һҲǲܣֱߣûκα仯
ϣǺõģڽͲҪôˣӵӦøˣ²ǿ֪㳣֣ԼѾõˣûбҪ¶׷οҲûٷ֮Ҳߵģаٷ١ٷ١
ǣ
ڶˮøһǳأǣܴһǣûʲôΪжǳǳأһǳؿԺܴÿǳضܷСǣеǶֿʲôġ
һһЩĳǳУһǳضһүģүġ
һλסǿһ֮г˻֮ߵĴڣȻһвٵĹޱߵĹңһʵ̫ˣĴˮһ·סڰǵġ
ǵ˵һޱǿ֪ͨѾˣˮвǺܳڣûоˮʵⱲӻһֱˡ
ˮ˰ǾͷͺˮһԵһŴһִһǵķ˦˺ˮʮ֡
Ľʩθ˺ܶ࣬·߹ۿĽģֵĿխ裬˵Ĵţ·һһ޳ĵεȲͬһ
У
û߶ԶͿһУһҿޱȴУ棬Ҫǰˮܶߵ޳һЩǿ޳ݻЩҲһɷڣǴӲսĴڡ
ˮ¾ȥһЩԼõĶݷʲôġ
ʾơſڵƯŮ˵
ʲôҪƣˮȵ˵
ǵģֻһЩض˿ŮЦ˵
˼ûûȥˣˮʵ


2342 ǣУ
ҲǣһλƵ˴ȥԳʾһЩԽĶٻչǿԽȥŮСò˵
ҲҸ˴ҽȥԲÿˣһҲʶ˯ԼأһĶΪдգʱȻˣˮɾԽĶǺܶ࣬ϴεһ˫ЩռĶܶˣҩʲôĶǿó֣Ҳ١
չǿôչ֣ˮЦʵ
Ǳи峡ֻҪӮͿԵõһơŮСָָԱ߲Զһﱤһܴһ䳡涷̨Լ𷢷ʲôģеȼʲôġ
ҲеһֿƣϾеطôʵܴ󣬵Ҳܲס˶ࡣ
ˮ뻹óһЩҩͶһЩЩ˼£ʸһһЩǮ
ŮСȻ֪ЩֵΣЦԵƬ̣
ˮͷվΧ
үһ˲ţ֮˵Ҳϣ
үʵǿǿͬǿ֮һ
ôҲǿ֮һǿġ˽˵
޵ڶҺǿ󣬵ҲͣҲڶ࣬ҪһﵱȽԶԶ˦̸ףܳΪǿ֮һѾǲˣ˺ͻһκܲףпǰһֻҪ˭ôҵͻһ¾ͿԽͬ˦һȴôģοǹͷԽԽزۡ
ˮΧۣŴһޱݻֳµӣӿᣬҲģ˧һŽߵսۼֹ
ǸŮĸ̬Ǫǰ͹̼ǻ𣬴ӵûõóֵŮǺܵӵ飬үǰǾԶһȦӣߵŮȻܲˡ
һ§һС
үã
ôˡ߹ȥһһģһ۵ġ
ⲻûʼ𣬼ʲôȽȥ˵кöүЦֻŮǻԲһѣǵŮ˽ѡ
ٻôС椺ǰĲһͦġһ꿴үߵŮЦ
٣Ů·봩ȻҪˣ˱ȽϽԼ·ҲܸŷٺøүߵǸŮӡ
Ůӵɫܺãֳĸоˣһ˿ţƺʲô鶼ģʳƵϾѣվߺܰһѩ
ŮǵĲû˵үƺϰˣ˵һȤһС
ˮվôһᣬ½½˶ȥˣÿһеλģ˾ǸүฮȻҲвǴˡ
һŮС˹󻹸һˣܣ̸̸
ãҽˮ
ļƷǿˣܺãȥ̸еλѾ׼ˣǰǴȥ΢Ц˵
ãǾܵġ
߽е¥Уֱ˵ǼرǼƿҩǷǳϲ֪Ǵǣ
ϲĻֱҾͲˣȱĵĽǮˮЦõĲǽֽǮΪֽǮûκãǿ߲ȱǸ
ǮһĽֶںǿԼӿôرĹ㷺ˮн񣬲ϺöԸɴѵҩкˡ
̫ˣҴϰлл㣬ǳǧ㿴Σ˵
λöǰͭǮһﲻͭǮ״ҲǸͬ״Բ򣬶ǿĺģһöСкΪλ
ˮҲ֪ĹͼֵǧˣǮҲԹĻҲǮ
Եͷã
и£һǮĻܹܲȰҵϣö֤⡣ˮЦ˵
Ȼû⡣

ˮУһУ˲еĴ
װ޵ĺ̻ܺԻͣûжԶһֻޣһֱԶŵս󣬲ʱֻʣ¹ͷˮһʼΪһ̵ޣڲŷ־һֻûѪޣֻʣ˹ͷޱȵ
ʱѾУôҲв˳ɰԲΧǰ̨ӣʦվλã¥вٵķ䣬˲ʸġ


2343 Ƥ±
ˮóĵҩҲṉ̀Ԫ˵ˮ㲻֮óΪ֪ⶫޱĶ
ߵΪҪṉ̀Ԫͷëϴ衣
ëϴǿųʣӴʺ츳ʵǿ󣬿İȥһ֣ȥٿϴ跥ĳ̶ȡ
̱Ԫȹ̸ľҲԪԪӵĴǿߵĸҪ¥ҪľǸȻվ
ҲǣԶȣ츳ǳ߻ħĽ࣬Թ̱ԪıҪ̫ǿˣˮ֪⼸ƿ̱ԪԿ۵ġ
иļǮͣвԿ˵׬ˡ
ʱһߺһƯŮȥŮˡ
ŮǸ͸Ůˣźɫӣӣµ年ϸμǻرǰʵͦεĹ֡ĺܶ˶ˮ
еĵ̺ǿȻ֪˴Ů˵עء
Ů˵Ҳ欣гȻһ˲ڻĴڣһҲԣһСҲԣǸ
ˮǿһ棬Ů˵ʵȻͳ£15000ˮûͨôҲ֪Ůǿˡ
Ǹߵһ㣬ĿͰʵҲʼֺģһ˫С۾Ц⣬ʱվ̨Χһ
ӭУز˵ˣ֪ҲһǿвٵĺöҲ۾ĿԴ£ֱϵһֺһ֡
ĻһŮ˳жһһĶк첼š
ϣߵҲûзϻֱֽ⿪һƤ۵ŵģ򿪴ʮ׷Բ
һǵƤǴӦ֪ɣǿԾյģƤƳ·֮ҿѸ뵱ǰĵطǱĺöƤʮףһ·ʣ࣬ͼǧÿμӼ۲õһ򣬾Ŀʼһ˵ꡣ
ǧ񣡡
ߵĻһֱ˿ǧˮ࣬Ǯ˻࣬Լֻǧ⻹Լԭһǧ򣬱֮ǰΪԼҲǸˣڲ֪ʵ̫ˡ
ǧ򣡡ʱһ˵
ǧ򣡡һʼ˵
֮ǰˮſڿ꣬Ǹ١
ҧҧûпڡ
ǧһΣǧΣǧΣɽϲλƤȥҲȥ΢Ц˵
ˣڿʼǵĵڶе⣬ҿˡ
˵ٴһŮһǺ첼ţ߳˺첼ǰһС
ˮ۾һ㶣ⲻǱ
Ҳ֪ʲôҲ֪ʲôãίһҪίҲһЩϡŹֵĶҶԷбĶǸͷͼʮÿμӼ۲ǧȤĿԿʼˡЦ
ˮȻһҪõģȻ֪ʲôãⶫĴڣܴ
ʮǧ
ˮֱӺһۣģƺȤҲ
ʮǧûиߵġʦ˵
ʮǧһΣʮǧΣʮǧ
ʮ򣡡ʱһ
ˮһ˭ѽѵҲ֪С汻֪СùһڶĲˡ
ˮǮûʲôһҲǻԥϾֶļֵʵ޼۵ģǽҲ
ˮǸˣȻүˮǳڣʮ򣡡
ֳܶ˶ˡ
СԲÿҲûκãɵİǲǮǮ
٣˺һ˺ǺЦ
ȻҪ˼һ򡣡ֱٴη
ˮû뵽һҪӵܶˣ˵򣡡
У
ܶ
Ǯɵ˭Ժٸˡ˿ֵ˵˵Ŀġ
ҵ٣ɵС˭ûаﰡߵһŮ˸Ц
ҲҪˣⶫÿˣ˵׼ôٶǮ֪㲻ǲˣѪˣһûʲô˼滹кöûбҪ˷ѡһŮ˵
ô㣬ʵҲġ֮ǰŮ˱˵
ãԷģСԺҪԷѧŵ㡣
һΣΣΣɽϲλɹĵС
پȻˣѵãǸ˹Ҫùˡ


2344 
ǣ೤ʱû˸ôôŸˣ˼

ˮûκεĸоκˣοһǣûһһŮֱӰС͵ˮϣǮƿ۰ɣ֮ǰǮˮС

һĹһ
ܼ򵥵ĽܣȴˮϲޱȣֱӾˡ
һǿˮγɣˮĹһֱȴֲ˺ܶ࣬ǲ࣬ʹñȭĻͺֲܿˣȭˮоԽԽҪˡ
ǾݹҲֻˮԷӵֲľ磬ڴıȭѾԴﵽ40000ˡ
Ҫ֪ˮڶǷս⻷ҲŲ50000⹥Ѿ൱ֲˣֻڱȭĻеˮһһ
ıӵֻյĹˮķʲôûӰ죬ȴһһǺöǳ־Ľ͵һ̶ֳȡ
ֵ̫ˣѾˣ־ڱصõģܶǮҲ
ʱ̨ϵƷѾ¶Ŀ
һѱԶʱ˵һùģȻЩˣɿԳƵ棬ҿȹĿһ¡ʱʦ
Ȼ̨ϵǸŮ˾Ͷѽʼ˹Ŀ
ȻʵˣŮ̫Ȼˣ̫ˣҲǸ̵Ůˡ
أ
һһֵ˷˳ֱӵһ¥ǸŮ³һ֣
۵ĶԶǵڼˡһЦ˵
һʮһ˵
ǳֺãǵ

ˮҲЦˣûһŮ˶˽ˮ֪ŮʲôݣôҲֻŮʵʺϰɡ
һϮζǺŨҲǺܵȴǺˣһҵζ˺׳嶯
뿴Ů΢Ц˵
Ȼˣģҡ
鷳ˣ
Ӧõģ
ˮЦЦѽ˵ѽܹӣеأĳߣ磬󽣣ҲСڴ󽣺См䡣
ˮͨˣ޲˺ܶ࣬Ǳ𻵵ģ˺ܶ࣬ҲȷʵƵ
ˮͷʾˣܾ£ֶǳ㣬е
һ֮ʦ˵ͼǧÿμӼ۲ڰ˰򣬾Ŀʼ
ˮզ࣬ͼǧѽҪͻˡ
ǧ򣡡ʱһ˵
ǽү˾
ˮ֪ʲôүģѾ΢ϣƲһɫӣ˫ĿɢһϢǸǿߣǸڸλˡ
үٸ߱־ڱصãñ˲ҪˣҰѼǮһҲΪ˱ʾԼ⡣
һڣһŰܵˣҲΪϵ˵
Ҿ֪үһվġ˶˶ˣҲҪ̧̧ǮЦ˶˶ǺϤ
ˣǺöϧûо˸п
ˮҲ࣬ⶫ˵ǮĿǮ
ʱ̨ϵ˵ˣ˼λղ˵ˣⶫǮˣҪĵҩ߷ӣܵʮꡣ
һºܶ˶ɵˣʮɲСԪĵҩʱˮĵĽŮһƿԪóͬʱҲв˶ǽŮԼķӻҩ˳ȥ
ˮõѽֶûУˮֱӽɾòϣʱֱٱ䡣
үͰүˮǸ䣬Ҳ֪ʲô
Ǹʲô·ֱʲСµ٣ҲµĵүͰү
˲򵥣óԪĵҩɲСֱʡ

һʮˮûȤúﶼҪ˯ˡ
һΰϵĶеˮһЦˣȻʯ
ʯ涫ʦҪܸߣҪأȻһñҲʧˡ
ôСļһʹ˻Ҳͱˡ
Ҫмʾͻ˾ͲһһɹǺôԶ׼ġ
ˮȻʯĲΣɽĲλûɽ
ͼÿμӼ۲ʮ򡣡
˰򣡡˵ү
ˮһүЦˣԼһҪֵúźá
ˮûϽӿڣо˳ʱҾ֡
һǧ򣡡үˡ
һǧ򣡡

һº֣ⶫҲãö±ֵôܴҲǾ޴ģϧʧ̫ˡ


2345 ǵ
ʯǺܴģҪƷʲˮȻҲҪһĹѾһǧ
һǧ򣡡үһٴοڡ
һλû˵ˣʯʧ̫ߣһʧսʲôҲʧˣĶûбҪõĶܲסʧܵĺ
ʯе㼦ߣʧܼʸߣҲһЩɹʵģһɹôսһΣһοǺҪġ
Ҳ˻ܳǮҲ٣үٴγѾסˣںܶ˶֪ڵүܲˬٴαȥƻ⵽үԹޡ
ʵүǸȽϵóүԺܶ˾ͷˣûбҪΪһʯԷ
һǧһΣһǧΣһǧ򡭡
ǧ򣡡ʱˮεٴοڡ
һκܶ˶ɫޱȾʣﾺ˵ǹƽѹˣȻƨҲû˸öˣֱĵͼ˺ˡ
һһЩҪʲôģܶ˹˼ǵݣҲֱӳȽϹļǮܶҲͲپˣҲ̼ʧҲʾ˴ķȡ
ˮһڣܶ˶оˮүģһλɺϣһһʼˮ˵û˾ˣȴˣֱ˵˸Ǯүٵļλ
үǸްȱǮһɿƲסŭڵһ˫񶾵۾ˮүǰǵķҲ֪ΪʲôȻȥ䣬ȴռһСط
ʱŭģúܶ˿ŤǱʲôʱô
ǧһΣǧΣǧ򡭡
ǧ򣡡ʱ򿪿ڡ
һ˭Ϊˣʵǲܳǧļλȴǲˣѹġ
ˮüƣٹǸӣԼھǧƶԷҲװ֣ûʲô˼
ˮȴǺҪʯȻ֪ܶٸͷӦÿԶٸ
ˮȻһ裬ɴ಻ˡ
ǧһΣǧΣǧΣϲλĵʯ
үĵʯȴûκεϲãܸоָܲоͷ·˸󡣬һ仰Ҳ˵
һٴν⿪ȻٸƵˣһʯ֮ǰǿ黹Ҫһ롭
һ֮ǰǿһʯͼһǧÿμӼ۲õһ򣬾ۿʼʦΧ˵
һǧһ򣡡ˮ˵
ˮúܶ˴ùģǺپˣȻ˾
һǧ򣡡
һλһǧһλӦǧҡ
һǧȥӦǧңȻһ⣬ۡ
ǧ򣡡ˮʱٴ˵
ǧ򣡡ʱҲǿ˵
ǧ˼ǮٸߣҾóȥˮЦ˵
Ȼû˵ˣٲҪǧļǮҲҪһˮ
ˮںǮ̱ԪǧļǮ
мĶǱļ۸񳬹ڣǮ˻治٣ǮĺֵĵϿսġ
ˮĵǸʯԶٸ㲻ûݷݷɽľûа취
һֱˮҲûʲôн뿪УŲԶľ¥ȥҪסˣҪǴϼʱ䡣
ˮûߵ¥ͱסˡ
ֵܲûô۸Ϊʲôԡ
סˮ٣ʱһ˫۾ˮ֮ǰһˮٵʱо˧ȻеҲû̫ķУȴǿԷ˫۾ͷ̫Сˣɲ˴¡
йƽģһֱ˶ģǾĻʲô˼ΪʲôҪԣ˭Ҷʶ㡣ˮ΢Ц˵˵
ˮ仰ԣǸʲôΪʲôҪԣû˵˼
ٵ۾ɭˣڰǻûôʶô
ˮЦˣﶼٲˣҲǣҲûʲôȤˣɣ
үҪŭģ˵ǣôˣˡ
ˣûڰʲôûУˮ΢Ц˵
ò㿼ǣļǷϻʵҳһʵû˵еһӵеľͱȺܶһӷܶĻҪĽûõġٲм˵


2346 ϵү
ˮٵĻҲǺЦĽʣû֪ʲôԼĽģοҲĽ˵ˡ
ҪûµĻɢ˰ɣ·ﲻͱֲ졣ˮҡҡͷ
үô뿪µĶǿԿ뿪ߵһС˵
ˮҲ˵١
ҪˣүɱˣҲռˣن¿ɾûĺôˡ֮ǰǸٴ˵
ǲ֪ôܻڣүǰɣȻ㲻ĹҾͰһºˡ
ˮ˵ֱ֣һӳ˹ȥֱӰǸ˳˳ȥֱӱȥʮףһߣˮûȻһ¾ʮҲˡ
ãҴˡүƤЦⲻЦ˵
ΪҲɱ㣬˵ΪʲôҲǣɱ㣬ļҲҪҵǸţҾ㿴ˮֱӴ
꣡
꣡
үһ첲һֱӶϵˡ
ɱүɫҰףĺȵ
ܿΧ˺ܶˣ˲٣ʱȻˮɱȥϧˮֱӷϵ˴룬ʣµĶ֪ͣӲˡ
ûжˣڼſڱ˴ֽţҪȥɾǳûˣһ˿ɶǺ֣ˮ΢ЦſŶԷƽޱȡ
˭ΪʲôˡһӢ˵
壬ɱɱĺ
ˮֱٴָմȥٴ𣺡ҪٺһҾͰӶϵ
仰ֱܴױ죬ֽŶ˿ҽΣӶˣǻⱲǳˣɲðա
ˣҲˣʱҲޱȷŭ˫𣬵ԼȻֶһ첲һȶˣǺεţһʱҲ
Ҳ˭Ȱһ䣬ʲôҲǣǿԵ˵󻰣ǲҲԣֻԸˡˮ˵Ϳ١
֪ģܲ¶һ֣ȻһȥҲýüͷ΢塣
ԣԣҲһܱ֤šˮˣȻȫûôõ飬ǲеġ
ԥһ£ǵͷ
ˮ˵ְɣ
һûпͷڳһʽֱóһҶĵӨһѵ¶ͬɫĹΣɫɫɫ
ŷʥ
ϵʵˣûˮҲ۾һ˵ʵҪǿһЩʵӦò
ֲͦŵģȷʵŵıǮڵˮǲ̫ˣرǵõڲʹɽͶתƶԷ
ˢˢˢ
һӳȴǴ

ˮ۾һû뵽ԷȻֱֶ̽
ˮڵʵֱһץס˶ԷȻȻͻֱ˵ĿڣֱӽĵĿѪɳȥеĵҲˣˮֽס
оҪһУԼԷһдˣԵˣԷѾˣֱֱһ׼
ڿ־ޱȣǶĴڣʵǰģǰȴǽӲסԷһУʲôԼôˡ
ˮʱ١
ҪɱңҴˣҲˣЩ㡣˵ٰеĶ˳ԥ첲ˣѶӿռŪǿԵġ
Ҳɱģɱ˶е֣ÿ˶ҪΪ鸺𡣡
ˮֱӵһָٲҽһңһΪûˣţΪȻˮûñȣǲģȴһԺڼﶼûа취ˡ
飬һ޷̵ģһǷҲͰˣţŵţ֪ˣڽ֪ᱻٴε
Щ˵ֻԼͲܽܣһǿߣΪҪ
סˣ´ңҲȫʧˮ˵ǿǰľ¥ȥ
ûϵʱˮжסиľ¥
˭ˮ˵
ңԽ𣡡һĵ
ˮһ㶣Ϥһ֪ˣеǸŮʦԼʲôȻΪԷͶͱġ
ɣˮû
ŮһɫӣϸΣڹʯ֮¸欣Ů̫ˣŮ˵ҲƮʲôӣˮԸܵͲ˷ϵ


2347 ˮʳˮǣѸ
ˮͨϢоģŮͺͲɵüͷŮ˲ĲһˮŮˣһֶкøС
𣿡ˮʵ
Ҫô˼ҺƤѣҺεġŮ˲˼˵
ŮǸӻˮһЩĻôһãϾŮ˺ֺܹ˵ŮˣʱСŮ̬ӵģϧڵˮеġ
Ҫû¾ͻȥɣһ¡ˮ˵
Ư𣿡Ůˮ顣
ƤҲˮ˵
ѵ㲻𣿡ŮȻ̬һֵϢˮ塣
Ĺ
ˮЦЦСˣŮ˽еǵøҲûˣйϵһǧ˰ɣ
Ů˵ɫһ䣺ҪΪܴ˾;ڰ޵ˣǽ׵ģȻ㲻ϲҪҵӣǾñĺˡ
ˮСĸˣҲǾȣкǿûа˵ʲô˵вѷɫ
ŶǶ֪ǿľУûоǿ֪Ҫʲôˮʵ
ҪĵҩûȤУʲô㡣Ů˵Żˮգգ˫ĵ
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2353 ѵĸо
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2354 ԭҷ
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ʲô˵ĶˣԭܴλϺһվϵıҪྫʾжྫʡ
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2355 ɱСˮ
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2356 Ҫײˣ˺
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2357 ˮʶԹ
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ˮǿıܶһС͵ıܶЧǺǿģˮһùĶһʱʱҲá


2358 ħط
ľˣˮĽЩˮԴ͸żķХԴ͸ʯɢһȦѩ׵ĹΣֵˮˣˮϵҲǷԪƴɱ
սҪˣˣ·ɣ
˵óһŵɫġȻ˳ȥһ˲Χ÷·žͶȥ֮һӽʢԽԽһƬء
ͻȻܶ˸оԼʵ½óޱȡ
ˮʣɱǲ練ƣˮʺٺЦޱȵĵ⡣
ˮüͷȻԵޱȣΪʵҲһ룬һʱȻ޷ָ֮ǰʹõս⻷ʲôĶڣˮ΢΢ɿ
ˮ󾪣Ǿ̫ˡ
ּ⣬Ȼֻе㹻ˣΪõģϾⶫ̫ˣû뵽ʵȻԿңɭ˵
ԭܣѵʱǱԭҲһܣɵΪ¡ˮűԭܳ
ĿɲˮˮֻǵһԺĹҶͳһΪһǿĹȣʱǱԭҲвСĺôġԭܲŲæ˵
ˣ˵ô࣬·ˣǶҪǸŮǲҺϲٺٵЦں
ˣģҲ֪˭СİŪġˮʱ뿪ڣֻǰˮʺˣû뵽ϹȻעⶾ[ϡ
ܳȻĹеԭ򣬵ûʱҲǺܳ󣬾ΪϲһŮ˲ϲɱǸŮˣޱ˵ֻҪ˵󣬾СҲᱻɱ
ˣûô񣬵ϰǲıģ˲˵󣬻ǳȣһӾŭ˫Ķˮһ֪ʲôҪΪҸˡ
㣬˵ɱܼ򵥣治ɱģʲô񸸲֪ܳãˮЦ˵
ʱһҲˣɣ
ֱӻŹ̿񱩵ˮȥ
ˮȻҪع
ˮѸٿɽͬʱһ֮˹ϡ
Ȼһײ˫΢΢˿ˡ
񱩵һˮʵסҲֱĽˮ𣬶ˮϴſĵЦݣˮ֮ǰһ˲ĸо·˿ֲĺظоһȴǲʹľľĸоһҧססһԼؿڻһ죬ȴǲʹ
׷
֮˲ʵٶȣֱ׷ٶȣһӸоޱȣҪ֮ǰĹȻû˺ˮһ㣬ѵûЧ
ܰѾˣôܸɾ۵ˮʵʵһ룬ΪʲôܵסԼĹףġ
ˮʲûڵĹҲ˺ԷҲǰ״Եʱˣʱָʤ
ǹｹû뵽ʹ֮Ľ
ĵٴηˮʳȥеĹҲǴĲӰ񱩵ѹ£ȻöսϵΪöҲѷɫ
ˮھȫֵԽԽǸоȻǽڽڰˣϾԳܣǿǽĲͣˣȴû˿˺
оԽԽаţԽԽңʱһĹȥõʱûЩˣ֮¶Էǲˡ
ͣеĹ̲֪ʲôʱѾɫȴǱ˺ɫڵð̵֣϶ðƺ̣˿һһҲ֮ǰôݣǿ׳
Ǳ
ħ
ˮɫ䣬ˮʱҲǴ󾪣һصطһʱʵﵽڣҹſµƼ
ɣ
ˮʳȥڵĹٴεһƺĳֲֿˮӰ΢΢Ǳ˼ϡ
꣡
ǵ죬ˮʵɳȥѪҲһ˿У̫ǿˣ˫֮Ĳٴˡ
䣡
ڹٴιˮʵʱͻȻһ׵ĺɫڵС
ɫΣľż֮࣬ƺľż֮Ҫԡ
ˮõǸ֮սż
ʱﱻѹһʵˮֱӰս⻷ʲô֮սżϣһ֮սżʵҲѷɫʲôûԭ򣬾걬Ҳѷɫ̫ࡣ
ͻȻֵһƺûпеĹȻһٵһĻ֮սżûаͷǿ


2359 ǿ֮սż
ûа֮սżɶôǿĴڣҪǿ֮ǰ͸ˣοͷ沢ûʲôǿϢ
һ޴ֱ֮սżȥһ˿ɫһʵʵḶ́ٶѾԽ˲Ӱ
رĵطǿ󣬾ǹôǿҲ򲻳ڶЩǳˡ
ȭ
֮սżֱӾˮʶƣֱһȭӭ˾޴Ĺ̡
ԣ
һ֮սżˣҲǱƵúˣ֮սżıȭﲻˮȻһȭˣҲǺ͹˸ƽ֡
һ¹ǳˣħطɱﵣʱֻаӣʹúһʱڣǸʱ½һ룬һʱ֮ŻָħطֻʹһΡ
ħط绹ٸߵ㲻ڣħ״̬ʱҼʱҲ̡
ڲǿЩ⣬һԼڸô죬ԷһŹԼģͷʲôȻôǿ⻹£Ҫûˡ
ˮǵתӣ֪Ѿ׼Ҫˡ
ˮȻ·ֱʹþŹ򣬶ͬʱ֮սżϵĹɿĻᡣ
֮սżǿ֮ڲ֪ƣһɱ¾һˮʶˡ
ˮ֪Է״̬Գã֪̫ʱ䣬ԽǿֲĹԽǿ֮ǰܾ֪̫ʱġ
ͻȻжһɫķ׭һĶϴŲҾҪʹá
ûõģܲˮʱ˵
ͬһʱоݷʧȥЧˣ󾪣ĺˣ֮ǰȻΣգٸо˿ܵڷ־Ȼܲ
ǻʹ䳡ȻǣһЩֶܣΨһİ취ǽһطǴ˵еƿеġ֮ܰ쵽
򾳽Ǵ˵еľ磬˵ﵽܽ˽һɱΣ־ƺֻд˵еܴﵽû˵˭Ĵڡ
ˮһŹһСֻܽһЩĴڣǵ뿪Ź֮ء
ֶѾǾԿֲˣʱľսֱðΪڷԭԼô
֮սżϵĹȭһȭ֮սżʵڵĹ࣬ҪǱ־ã֮սż˦ʮ֡
ԣ
Ҳο֮սżˮʶƣȭϵ쾳û˵ˮľ粻ѹƣһȭ䵽磬ֱӱĵɳȥ
꣡
ܴ࣬ĹͷˣһƬѪģһԾһĴ֮սżĿڣˮ˼һֱӲܾڹһ˲ȻһȭֱӴ˹Ŀڡ
һײһƵ
ۣ
֮սżȭһȭͷֱӴ˹ĿڣֱһΪ֮սżȭͷ̫󣬻ǰѹϰʧˡ
ֹˣҲˡ
֮սżվһһ豱ԭЩ˿ֲѹ֮սżЩ˶ǺɱҪʱ̡̺ܶܶ
ˮҲ𺳣û뵽ˮȻɱﵣһﵽ׶ǿˮػΣͷоܻĵ
ˮʣЩҪҪȫɱˡˮʱ˵
󣬵ȴöıԭԼһľս⣬׸
ˮʣǴˣҲûа취ԭһΰɣɼһ˰
ˮʣҲǱԭұƵġһڣŶǿڡ
ԭҴʱ֪˵ʲôҲˣǲŹԼģֻľûʲôҪǹʹֶΣЩֶμֱҪҸϾɱڵûκɷŹԭҡ
һζԷʵǣܶ࣬ˮҲȫϾɱԭȻŹҪ˷ϵΪ˶֮ǰ·
ˣˮһʹ֮սżȻԭûȫʵôĿֲȻôչ治˵Ͼº׳ʲôʧ
ˮʲôȻЩһ֮ѶԹвǿ󣬵ƲĻѩ׵޼᲻ݣԷЩͨס޻ס
ʺ͵Ϯ䲻¿һɱ
˿ƶƲ֣ʵ֮͹֮Ĳ̫ˣϸû棬һưɾ
ѪǿǿʵܲϧԶŴѪ޺̫ˣ˵׼ͽȥˡ


2360 㺡Ǩˮ
ƽˣʣµȻˮʴˣˮûκ飬Щ㣬ÿȺȾƣ٩ˣӵҲò
мˮˮܶˣÿζǼֻ֣ļˣˮʵֱϵˮ[ڣˮˮĳˡ
[ԭ򣬱Ͼô˵ҲǸѸһ̶ˮʺͼ˸оеʣϾˮôᣬҪʵǿޱȣȻоǸˡ
ˮû飬ˮʻ治Ҵͻ飬ΪоʸҲ˵ʸЩ黹滼ûʧð졣
ˮһֱס[ǸУϦദһˣŮܶˣ˾رûԼŮˡ
Ϊ˺ǺѿƵģûоˣԱһãһΪˣʳ֪ζ֮ͺڿסˣҲΪʲô׳졣
[оʱ֣ܿرһʱ䣬ѹͷصǳûˣҲͻᷢˡ
ˮںܿģ[ΧȻ󿴿ˮ˵
ţ˵ˡˮЦ˵
˼ҿôҷˡ[ֵĵˮһۡ
ôܣôˮĴˣϲôܷءˮЦ˵
[ϴЦ⣬֪ʲôʱʼ˾ܽҸоԽԽϤ·ʶ˺ܾúܾһ뵽ԼǸѸʧ䡣
ʲôأôôģ֮ǰҺܿĵ𡣡ˮ[еһʧ䡣
û£סã[ʵ
Ҫ߰Ӳȡáˮʼƪۡ
[Ŀˮˣƺٴαˣ˵һЩĻ֪ˮǹģЩģЦĳɷֶ࣬ǵ٩ԼֻΪǸƺ
Ҳ֪ܿҪ뿪Ҫסһʱ䡣ˮҲȷ˵
ô࣬ôأ[ˮ˵
ҪǲҵѾˡˮЦ
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ҿԸӵеһУĸԸҵ[˵
ˮ֪˵ģ飬ծأףɵѾͷ˭Ҳȡ
˵ŷԼܲЭ[ǸɬŮõ㣬ȻǸǸŮʳ죬ˮӦöҪһ㣬Դʱе㲻̫Эˮо
ʵо[ҲǣǸоһ˵ĸоĵһִǰ޷˻κԼ˵Ļ
ˮڨڨЦջ֣[ȴǺЦſˮѾʱĿ¶΢Цѩһ㣬ر𺳣һӾĳ
˵Ҫ[˵
Ȼ

ˮˮĵطҲˮסһһȱٵԭ
ڵˮǿҪҪﶨ¸λãｨأ
Ҳᣬˮʵ˵ǶģĹػ޻ǿһЩȻˮ֮սżԲЩػ޲ɣ
ܿ϶֪ˮʵȻҪҪﶨ¸λá
֪ˮʵֻȥˮʣˮʵʵ45000£ʵʵѾ˵ˮǿˣŲĹȣˮʻǿģˮԥ
λðɣĻû˵ҲûˮԼ֮ҲŲɷָĹϵ
λþͶˮǣѾ˴طʵˮ͵ģˮʱǨ뷨ˮʣԷǨĻҲǨ
ˮʵǺܿĵĴӦҸһܺõĵط
ˮĺ͸ˮˮʲôͼĻԼס˵һˮ͸ҵĶǳ˵ġ
ˮ˵Լ뷨ʱǹ۲ĺϸģ֪ԷܲӦϾŰô࣬ĺϸԷĺ˿ԸǿѣôǨҲΪ̫ˡ
ˮû¶κεĲԸܿġ
λҲˮǣʹеԶһ¥һĴµģɺûʹã´žŲ㣬ÿһ㹻󣬵ײ򳡴С߲ڰס
ˮֱʹȥȻ˶ܿ죬һʱһأʵˮԸһСء
ҲǱˣκ˵һεﶼᱻϾ̫ˣ˵ÿŮжһԼĹеˮǵģġ


2361 ħţ֮
ˮŮȻܿģϾҲ»鲻ãȻֿʱ䲻Ǻܳͻϵ֮ǰͬ
[ˮӵŮʱҲǾˣŮǺŵģ[ԼòҲǺţŮ֮ԼҲκܰѶԷȥĵطҲΪԼǲ
ŮȴҪȸߵҲǴգ[ԼĹѸе㲻ģ֪Ůˮ֮Ҳǹֵֹģ֪ˮӣû뵽Ů
Ů[ҲǺܿģҲǾˮôŮ
۷ŹĿ[ܿҡͷ̾ϢҳΪ㣬㳤˧ζΪʲôûŮϲأ
ˮƵӣ˿ԷǿסģȻҲǿӲá
һˣӲҲܺð
ҲǿһǲˣǹʮǧˮٺЦ
˵ҲǺܴ
֣磬̽Ұɣ㿴ҵڻûиŮˡ찧Թ˵
㲻Ǵܶˡˮ˵
˵ҲʺϳɻŮˣҵҪ󲻸ߣߵĲС˵
ҪǲߣŬҿ㣬˵׼ǸŮе㷢ͼ޸ˡˮͷ˵
ˣţһʮ˸Ů˲Ůˡ˵
־ˣĿԴˮļ
磬Ҳôҵ㾭鰡ٴΰԹ˵
ˮһ㶣ûУҶǱ׷ģҪ޸ҡ
ȥţ̫ˣû⣬Լо

ˮˣˮûʲôħţˮȴһϤĴڣţˮиţֻһŵķ֧
ŵܲӦ򣬵һһľʵľûʲô̫Ĺϵž־һʱһǱһʲôиеĵҪùˡ
˵ţˮ뵽ϴȥܵĹѨǴԼļһǾŵģ˿ɽУиʦˮѾ԰ˣľ򣬹ǲǾţҪңȻǡ
Ŷ磬ˮͻʮϧûκͷǽѾˣҲһɺϣԹͻƴĺô
ԹرǶеĻѾʵֲܿˣڵ֮սż˲٣ˮʩչǿıȭҪǿϲ١
Ķؼ߲Ƕжؼģٶ֮ʵӺܶ࣬ڶؼҪܸߣҪ򣬻߿ֱһֻǿޣξҪյĶĺûˡ
ʱ֮ܶȴǺõĶûκãʵҲס
ˮܿŬһˣ߾
ˮеٺ٣кܶȣǿǻ֮ǡ
֮ǣ
ǸǣҲȷʵǸǣ̫ˣܴһӵĵطҲҵһطŸۼҪ棬УߵͻһЩʵ
һ򲻻򲻻ȥߴߣʵҲԸȥͷʵͷ治β
ûдģ֪ѾǵУܶ˶ǲ֪ʲôʱ˸ϰĴڡ
˾ǿľͻϰߡ
Ȼ󲿷ûע⵽ǻעһֱעħŵһһħĹעˡ
ᵽˮѾ߹ģˣϾһЩǿսˣʱԺͱ˽аˡ
ŵȻҲˣϾǸ鱨ģ֪ܿħš

ħڻҪǻˮйˮݣˮͻڶһֱעԷĶһλˮĶҲûħ֪ˮһ
ˮ֪иħ֮ɵ뵽̨գݾ򣬲֪ǸȻˣһܿ϶ˮ֪ʵӦò򣬶ƺħŵ뷨ôֻ
ջȥǰһ·߸ͽ
ܿˮҲ֪˻ħŵһЩ̨֪ûϢˮ֪ǸÿĻʧҪܾòԣܿ죬һˮڲºԡ
ʵˮڻǿʵһζ׷ʵ;Ϊֹ׷ʵ֮⻹Ҫ󾫣һֵʵӳһְ룬֡֡


2362 ֮ǳ񼣣׼
ۣԭǿչʵõ漰ǻٵ⣬ǰѾˣŬѾ̫ԵЧˡ
ˮ֮ƺ񼣣ҪҪҲȥմ֣ҵˮʱˮĴȭ
֮ǣ񼣣ʲôˮʵ
֮˵ˣ֪һЩ񼣵ġ
ҲƺԶʱһرΣأĺܶҲǰ֣رӦвٺöЦ˵
⵹Ǹ£ôõĻȥ˵ȥˣˮ˵öȻҪȥһٿȥʶ¸ߵͻ
ġǺЦ
ţ򳪸棬ˮסֵ٩
ĺһۣĵ۾ˮɵ뵽⼸ϵ龰뵽Ļ棬ǻĻˮһ¶
󿴵ˮԵһţҲɵ뵽ЩһڳһЩ˵Ķûһһ
ʼЩִҲֲˮһЩƣ˾˵һ֮ڶεξ׶ˣҲȻˣȻٴεôߡ
ûж쳹ˣ뵽Щ˻ҵĳһϼֲ
ˮоޱȵˬĵı֪֪ں㡣
ͷռ
ǰ֣Сϲ𣿡ˮƻ˵
Ҳ˵ÿζƭҡҡҡͷ
޼䲻˵Ǻ˭˵СĪϲ˭Ҳֱ·Ȼֱ¡ˮٺ˵
ȫ˵
ȴǱУҺҪҪ໶죬ꡭ
쵰˵ˣһﻹʲôҲ˵
ڸϲϲˮǺЦš
ǲǿ޵ݺܿġ˵
ҵŮˣŮˣŮˣ㲻֪ҵģҸţԸõĻر㣬ǿˣϿԷӵĸãҸ
ѾˣٺˣٺҪˡ
ˮһ㶣С̫ˣ㲻֪仰ǶһĿ϶
󣺡

֮ǵ񼣿ˣ˽ȥȴ˸ȫʬҽȥʵһúܶ˸оҪϸ˽ȥȻ޷档
ˮ˵һ£ȻҪȥʵûжˣȥҲԣȻˮһ˻ϲľȫȥˡ
֮Ϊˮ֮սżοԼǿ˶Ҳǻ¡
ˮȻҲвǰ֯ҵһǿߣ飬һвٵĸˡ
һʵˮܹעǾš
Ǹ֧ʵϲǿϾմ˾ţԻǺеλģȻǰ˵ﻹ֯˵ġ
[ҵˮһȥԴŮ֮[ͺˮ֮ӴٶˣŮϾˮŮˣסһ𣬳һҲʲô
[ܼܽǿǷȻˣȴǷסˣûǰҲʱ֪ԼϲˣΪԾĻ뿴˵ϲá
˶жˣˮʵ
ôжˣȥĶʵģʮң²[˵
ãǾһȥ׼£һʱ֮ˮ˵
Ѿ׼ˣʱԳ[ͷ
㣬ƺǺܿİˮĿ[ܸоߡ
𣿡[ʵ
УԹƺǸСŮˡˮҲǸ֪ʲôԭҲȷŮʵԼкøС
Թ[Ȼ˵
ǲǰˡˮֹ˹ֱͦǡ
飬˭ᰮ㡣[æ˺һ
˵Ů˶ǿķǣ˵ǰİˡˮ϶˵
[ˮΪʲôҪңҡ
Ϊʲôô˵һʲôʱ㸸أ㲻ӦˮЦ
ƭˣƭӣˣ߰ɣϵ֮ǡ[¶һ˿Ц⣬ˮе׽͸Ů˵˼ѸףҲ֪Ů֮Ĺϵǵһ
ˣҲס鲻Ҳ˳Ȼˣǿ󣬵Ҳ׷ԵֵˣȻˣעģȻеЩǿĿԵõõᷢʧеá


2363 Ů˱Ϸˣ
֮λı˵ˣ˵ʱµһطô˵أǿоãֻб۸ķݡ
ڻ֮ûκεĵʲô֮ģʵ˵ʵŰ裬ֺˣǴʵԵõ㿴һУŮˡ
֮Ǿ˵ǰл֮ǣӵ֮ŵ֮ǣ˻֮֮һб䱾ǰӻˡ
֮дڵʵĶ࣬Ӧͨٵĳǳأ޴ĳǳرǳгǣ˵ûͨˣߣ۾ڴˣĴ
ܶӵܶȥ֮ɹڻ֮ȥĲס
ÿ֮䶼һЩشﲻκȴǳ˵·ǡ֮Ĵʵ֮ûôƣףֱ߳ȥͿˡ
иôǾ̿ʡٵ·;ҷܶ࣬ȻҪٵط׳顣
ˮһٶȲʹþлǺܿģǿҹͣҲҪһЩʱ䡣
µʱѾ˻֮ǡ
֮ڵλҪߣΧĵҪ˲٣·ǿ֮һ㣬һӴѹԶѾѹ˹
֮ǻǲ򵥡ˮŻ֮ǣüͷšţ֮ſֲĴڣֻǲ֪޻ࡣ
֮ûſڣԿɳ룬ûʲô˽ˮһ̤֮ǵʱܹŹ֣ܰȥֱԶƺϡӰ١
֮еŹ֡ˮЦ˵
Сһ㣬˵һ֮ǻи飬ͨǽȥ֮ǵġ[˵
[Ļ˵꣬µĴͻȻһǿ·ճڵһԽԽǿˮһ˵ʵǲģԵǶԴݵǰš
һյʱ䣬µָоʧˣһ򵥵Ŀ飬ûпͲ֪оӦûˣûʵҲᱻ̭
ԽǰԽ֣ܿһ˾˻֮ǣʲôҲʶ񼣵ֻܴ̽ʹˡ
ˮõϢȥ񼣵Ķȥ֮ͨŵˮ˵
ˮͷֱȥͨˡˮֱӰɽļˣս⻷ʲôҲˣЩǱûκĵġ
˶֪ˮǿĸȻ𺳣ûʲôС֡
һ˲ʮȻ࣬ĶҲֻСӣҲ̫ˣϾ˻ʮҲ٣ʮһҲƲʲôˣ½սǹսҲǿȡʤġ
ͨܺңΪ˸߿ֱӿԿһ޴ɽͨ쳹أڻ֮ͨ룬ͨɽһ˵ɽͨɽݵĴڡ
ˮ뵽ڶʤʱͽͨɽʱֻоɽޱȾ޴ѵͨɽǺݵģ
߿տͨɽ·һޱȿֲľ޴ӵޱ޼ʡ
ˮͨɽǲǹᴩûʲôȤҲֵʲô֣ҸоᴩĿԻǺܴģΪͨɽǾݵݵľɽҲͨɽһΡ
һûжþ͵ͨ룬ͨǻ֮һߵһΣͨɽҲǱȽϸߵĵض֮һƣ߶ȾԳ̫ˣֱʣΪģͨĸ߶̫ˡ
ʱѾܶ˶ˣɽﲻԶׯһĴڣסȴһͨˣΪͨԾͽͨ塣
ͨҲס˶ˣ󲿷˻Ǵ񣬲ͨﲹЩԵʲôġ
ˮһܿͳΪܶ˵Ľ㣬ΪˣֱӰΧЩ˳ױȥڻ֮Ů͵鷳رˮߵļŮˡ
Χܶ˰Ŀ˼Ůϡ
Ǹѩ·Ҫˡһһǿ׳վܿȥ
ҪǸһˡͬһվ˵
Ȼ̫ʷֺҪҪǸٸˣҾͺһڡһдһ˿аȵЦ

ˮûп֮ǰֻ֪֮ǺܻӣﲻܰĶҲһģԹĹϷ֣ǼˣֱӾͰԼߵŮ˾ͷˣ⼸˻ߣȻôĺȻ̹ϣ·ԼȨΧƺֻĽ޲Լ⼸еһ
ˮûзӦߵȻҲûκζǲ֪Χ̸һǸôô
ˮѾʵ۷壬ЩѪ˵


2364 ն
ˮɫЩƺҲںˮ̬ȣˮķӦҲо֣Ҫ֪Щ׵ĴڣıʵᱻǷ
λСƯǻ֪ûǺһߵˮ
ܶ˶ע˵Ǹǿ׳ˣҲǱ̫ʷʣһǸаȵǰѩ˵ֺŮԣеһ䣬֣ͨһϵǶ塣
ǻҲڻ֮ǵĳƺţǸ̫ʷǻҳĶӣǿΪ竣ʱͷˡ
ҳǸصˣ˵ˣе˵ĻҲ˵ߵģûиȷе˵ڻ֮ƺˣһǿļ塣
ʲôˮʱ˵
ˮƣһЩһ㶼ǵģѾߣҲпǳñȽϼ
Сӣܲ񰡣ģҪŮ˸㲹ģڿʡˣˣ֮ǿҪ򡣡̫ʷƽЦֻ˵Ļеɭָоɭ
ҺƣôôܻأˮҲǺ˵
һ»üȻ竣ɵӣܴôƯŮ˽֮ǣƽޱȣ˵ʲô˵̣ǡ
ҲǱȽϾ棬ڻ֮ʲôôоеŹ֣ܿ쿴ˮôᣬ˱Ƚ֪֪η
ôҳȫˡǸ߶ֱˮȥһֱɫֱֱˮץȥ
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ˮץֱۣһԾָ̣ϳ˷ٶֵˮʺĨȥ
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Щǲ˵Ҳǿ󣬵ǻֲ֮ĴڣҲǲʵˮǸҪһΡ
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ˮ˼΢飬ֱӰĿ⿴һߣʱˮЩ˾ǿԽԽ˸оģοߵʵЩбȽϵ͵ġ
ˮ䣬΢΢ʵڵ̫ʷʵҲǺòϾ־ɱ˶ˣǵĳǺܴġ
˵ô˵ˡˮЦ˵תʱ˷ѵʱҲãöתƻǱȽʡ£ҸĳҲġ
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ʲôˣͨ˰һ񼣣ȺãȻעŮϣ̿ɻɻҪɱǡˮ̫ʷɵ˵
ƺڿЦһ˵ʱһҲɣԷ֮ǰһʵ̫ˣ¶ԷһȻԼʧϣֲ̫ˡ
֮ǰҲɱ˸ˣȻ񼣵ģҶΪ񼣣ʱ黺֮ǰǲԣҲûʲô˺οɱ˸Ҳˣˣ㿴̫ʷʵ˵
⻰˵úܵʱĻȴڴˮͬ⣬ϾǲоǿֶԸˮڲҶģһԼϣķ֮һĸʻǺܴġ
ˮˣҪȥ񼣣ûбҪ̫鷳[ʱ˵
ǻ֮ǵǿʵˣɱһˣЩ˽뿪һưոݣʱһиǰе鷳ˮü˵
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̫ʷʵɿģǲġ
ˮڰ֣Щ˵ǲģѾ˵ˣЩ˵ģû[Ȱ˵ھͰЩɱ¡


2365 ľ
ˮҪҲǵ㣬ԲǺܵģȻ[˵ˣǾͷŹЩˣȻҲһԭ򣬾ǻҳĺǿ󣬻ǲھͽ
ΧҲ𾪣֮ʲôʱôǿĴڣȻѹסһǸˣɱ֮һʣµĻҪġ
Ȩ֮ƣ²ܲͷܿͻһȻûа취ڻ֮ǻˡиƺ˽⼸˵˵
Ǹ˲˵Ŷ´ɱǵġи˽ӿڡ
ڻ֮Щ˻ѱ˵ĻҲΣҸʱͻһа취ʬΣǴΣ֮ǰ΢Ц˵
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ˮʵڱϺˮһεģʵսĻɱˮΣҲɴܡ
˿֮ˮڻΧ⣬һȺԼߣȻܿͿȷˣЩħŵˡ
սħŵ֮ϳˣ˫ϢԭֻҪʵ̫ϳԷݡ
ˮѾԿ϶֮ǵв̫ƽˣһ֡
ҿԽȥˣϣҽȥʱһЩ˶ԹΣգЭȹѹأЩȷģڸ˶Թдʱʱһ𣬻
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񼣾Ǳֲֵ⣬˾ǿˣȻĶ˭ȵ˭ߣʱ񼣻ʧɺͱĵطһһʱ᳹ʧܾԺᱻ𣬱˵Ǹ񼣣ʱ˵ЩѾûʲô塣
ˮһȻҲȥû߶ԶͿһ磬۽ȥ֮ˡ
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ȻҲһЩ񼣣ʵʲôҲûС
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һžľ񼣵ȥһۿ뵹ƽԭɭֶûУϡϡҲһЩߴľľïܵĲݴԣϥǵĸ߶ȣԶɽһЩ
ǰһɽȣڰֻǿԶɽûбﲻ֪Ӧе㶫οֻԶǴѪԶޣʵǿ󣬵Ǳؾ֮·


2366 ħţָħ
ܶ˾ľ˵Զʱǲɵһļ£һɺӽŵðǿԶ޾ɱ¾ǰǺܶһ˿ܵĻᶼûУ˭ģ˵̰һٵգպûзվͲдر
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ôһ㼤ΧôˣһľһɱԶǹԼûзֵķݣϾԶŴѪ϶Ǳ
ˮʱһѾһǰȥ֮һûǰϾ̫ΣˣЩ˻Ǿڸȫش䣬Ȼ󣬵ҲҪܲźá
ܿͿɽȣһ·´ŰһɽȣҲɽȣһأ浹ɽʯߵҲûг׵ģصܴܴɭֺʲôĶС
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ˮͷֱ˵ôɵƵĻҲ˵
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¼įԱˮĻҭһ£ˮȰǻ뿪Ҳܱ֤ܲõ뿪
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һνָħɫˣѿʹĵ죬ʲôԼϼһԼôͳϼһˡ
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˵Ǿľһºͣɢһ֮
ˮȴǲԹģžľЦãû˭ȥʵ̫
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һҵ˺ö޵Ĳϣ˵һЩԶŴѪ޵Ĳϡ

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ţʲôˮһʯиʯǱҹ˵ġ


2367 һŲʯ
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ʱΧ˻ڣָħ˿ӣȲ˵ûкö˾ͺƣɫһһѿھľҲڣھľҲ˵ʲô
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Ҳһ飬㿴״֣ڹꡣ
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ˮȴǺܿģܼʯͷǸʯҾǸΪʯͷͽвʯ
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˵˲ʯǿ󣬱ϾһЩǿѾ˼£ԼĴԲĹٽһǿʱһı仯ǿ޷ģԲǿ֣û˸оֹ֡
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˹֮ΪͻһǳԽޣһǴﵽޣԽ̫ãˮڵĶʮǼޣˮʯͻƵʮôɹӦУԴﵽʯ˵ĸʣˮʮҪͻʮһôͻƼ޵ĸӦ̫С̫Сˡ
ˮڻòʯͻƵʮȻһ磬ʱˮǶڣ߿ȥʸҲˡ
˲ʯˮû˵ʱľȴЦø
ˮһľ˻
Ϊǿ󣬺飬ҪǸվԱسɴľ΢Ц˵
ˮоľӦÿǲʯˣ΢΢֮Ĳޣ⾫ľΪܸߣ֮Ĵڡ
ǾеڸˡˮЦŻһ䡣
ΧǲĴֶȻҲ˿ܵõ˶Ʋ¶׵ĵǺܶ˶֪ģÿ˵Ը
ˮ֮ǰĶʯƻˣߣҲҵٺöԺܶõö˶ˮͶмĿ⡣
СʱѾΪ˷棬ʱ֮һٴǰû߶Զľҵˮ򵥵˵˼仰˼ϣһɱԶʱϣˮԶһ¡
ˮͷû⣬и֪ܴܲӦ
ˮ֪أÿ˵ˣľùϵҲ
Ȼ˵ܴӦľƴǡľͷҲˮùϵϾоպˮվһҪߵλá


2368 ض
ˮľĻҲûԥֱ˵ҪֻԶ
ԶϵĺöȻ٣ô˵ҲԶޣϵƤʲôĶǺģһ˵õҲ˷ѣܷӳӦеЧ
ľҲһͨҽˣԶеĿģҲԶϵһЩŪˮˣҲûԥҴӦ㣬˵ʱ֡
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ǰһƬֺһ޼ʣľҲʮ׸ߣ׳ޱȣЩľֱֱɣһȥɲԾһЩݵĴڡ
Щľ֮ľ뵹еԶÿһſôһÿһѾ޴ɡһԶԶĿǺÿǰûмģ·Ǳ˿һ
Сĵ㣬طֺ˺ܶδ֪Σգ˭ȥĻüľٴһ䡣
֮ǰѾвֹˣ֮ǰûʲôΣգһεûʲô˳ֵֺҲһЩ˳Ȼǰкö󣬵ûЩǸˡ

һҽУ˲Žֺһʱһֻ޴ʰ쵵Ĵ֩ӵ³ֱһҧһߵ°ӣְϰҲȥȻ²ˡ
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ŮҲǿߣȻĻãҲûб¶κεĲʣԽζԽȳζѪȵζõϢѾԸܵһֵѹĽͷ
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ĽΧޱȽӰʯǽವĩǼХ·һϵӿ·ڶ߷ľ޴ļĿ˶ĤʵõĹƻᱻ̵Ѫֽס䶼ûá
Ůʵǲģˮǰ棬ʵѾתãŻ¯
¯ˮϿֻһС¹ӣɣ¯κ޶һֲֿ壬ȻֱӽͶԷʵһĹŻˣȻŻҲкܴĿǿ˵ģ¯Ҳпޣ޶ڻ¯Ŀ־һֱܡ


2369 ԶŴضޣ
ԶŴضĽһڷسܵΧƺʲôĿ־壬ԶŴضԼҲǺţûжܣӺڰг֡
ѨǺڵģˮŮںҹܵһЩӰ죬󿴶οˮͨˣҹͰûκ
һֻڼ״֩룬ܴ쳤ףĴϸҲҪɽȳһĺڼһ㣬ŷĸִ̣һ
һ˫۾¥һСɫľۣʱ׺Ĺâǿ֫ͬźսס
ȫװˮǵһμô֩롣
ԶŴض˵ĶֲޱȣһʵҲǲСǿĶһ㶼ǶԶųߵĿԡ
֨֨
ֲļٴδһκܽˮֱӽеĻ¯ҳȥ
ɳȥĻ¯ѸٱһСɽһ
֨֨
ԣ
޴мĽ¯ɻˮУûʲô˺ԶŴضһ΢΢е㽹겻ƺѸٵƽ
һ
ԭ˵
ˮе㾪ȣʵʵҲǴˣǻۺҲʲôսʱʵǿ޷ʹñʲôһֶ޵
ǸȻֻǻ˵ģôȥˡԶŴضɵľˮĶ֪вٵıЩãտʼɶĿ־壬֮ǰײһƺҲˣеˡ
ԶŴضӰһ޴ͻȻһһˮѹٶȺܿ죬֮һƬˮӿ
ˮʱˣһȻһףһϽó
ͨ
׷
֮
ˮŮһöԷٶ½˺ܶܶ࣬һתֱӴ˹ȥ
ž
֨֨
ԶŴضޱȴ̶Ľƺµʹ࣬ˮһǹݣΪԶŴضĺڼ׺ֲܿڲһЩҲһ㣬ȫӷĶתֱӽһЩķ顭
ˮȻҲûϵͨѾԶŴضһЩ
һˮˣ׼˲ٵɱﵣڷòˡ
࣬ɱһ߲ģԶŴػáʱԶŴضˮ˵
ԶŴػ룿ˮϸ룬Ȼ֪һ㣬֪һЩԶǻʲôģֻҪԶŻߵǾǺ;һЩνĴһޱȵĿֲ
ޱ޼ʣûԶŴػ뻹Ҳеģ뿪κΣ˵ԶŴػˣҲжԸİ취ˮԶŴضЦ
ˮЦ֩˵ÿ£û뵽ˮˣԼǿޱȵǺͶûκãģȴֺް취
㲻ҪңȻҲĶ֣ƴҲǿ԰ߵƴһԶŴضϾǻҲ࣬û·Ҹܡ
ǲܣΧʯڶӦɣԣܲƿʯڡˮѾŹһСطӡˡ
ˮķӡǷӡһЩж֩óݣʯͷҲһߴ֩ʯͷˮˮӡ֮Щʯͷֻܿ飬忪ˣܲġ
֩һ£³ǷĲˣʱĿ־ˣ֮ǰ˵ЩвĻΪˮɾ裬оԼ£˭ȫˡ
ˣ
ˮʱֱһתƴ˹ȥ
ž
֨֨
һȻûдԶŴضȴֱӴ˳ˣʱˮֱӼ˻¯ڴֲ֩Ľб˽ȥȻ󶪽ɾС
ҪŮ뿪ʱˮ˼һȥһϳ˵סЩöҲ˵׼
ŮЦЦͷѰκ˵һ
ɽǰûжԶͿһޱȹĵطһ¶Ѩܴ󣬺ܴˮǸоô
ţö൰ָŲԶ˵
ˮЦſ󿴵ˮȻ뵽֮ǰ˵ĻٿˮζЦݣһ쵽ˣ۰׵ϷۺһƬ˵Ȼ
ǻ쵰֩뵰ʲôء
СҿʲôҲû˵ڿԽԽˣԽԽɫˣϲˮٺЦ
Żɫ쵰޵ݣ˵һҲָƽŤסˮ䡣
һȴ΢ЦţҲܿģĳ棬ԼһЩ˵Ҹ
ˣС㣬֣ȥЩ
ûʹŤȻҲۣˮĻûˣķޣЩҲǵһΣˮ٩ǵĴҲˣִ˲롣


2370 ٣ɱָħ
Щɫʰ쵣ɫĻƣÿһĴСһ˴СٸиˮƣǺܶ޶Щ޿ɲ֮ࡣ
ЩˮûʲôȤϾֻǴضѣǰĿ꿴طĵطܴһۿȥвٶġ
٣
ˮԶŴضϢطһ갵ɫȴǿ߶ɫ죬ȴǺƯ
ˮ۾һⶫĳֶǰĳֶ߶ޣ󣬶ֵߣûκԥֱֲɾ
ˮиơ
ˮŰѶֲɾ˵
ˮ߹ȥ˵ݸˮһɫƣƿ߶೤һֻɫ֩룬һʮ֡
֮ǰԶŴض˵ԶŴػãڿǣӦþ֤ʮʲôǵʮӻӣˮ˵
ЩҪĻôԺҪСˣһԶŴػֲ̫ˣʵֲڶࡣ˿΢΢ü
ģֻһԶŴػĺ󱲣һ޵̫ˣһЩʵ̫ˣҪ֪ҲģοݵҲǺܶ࣬һȻ޲ˮû̫ĵġ
һ飬Ȼ٣ϧûʲôˮоϲĶЩ˵ԶŴضļֵ󣬿ˮһѪǿ
ζȷʵţˮƣôһǿޣֻ᲻ͣΪʲôóѨô󡭡
Ů˳һȷʵڶڣΪ׵һǽָħ
λ˰ôȤҰָħˮŮڿŮʱס̰
ˮ΢΢üֱ˵ǲǳʺˡ
ָħüë̲ס˲֮ǰ˵Ļеû뵽ˮֱôһ䣬Ҳһ˿ˣĹͷ˻ġ
ƾŲҰɱˡˮܵ˵һ䡣
ָħ΢΢գǸɫָҲǽһͻȻˮȥһ治ţ㿴ʲôɱ
ָħӰܿ죬Ǹɫָʱ߳һǿ˽ɫָϣһǿҵĽȻֱӴˮٶǿ𻨡
ָħһΪһɫָϣֲĹͿֲٶȣûܶ㿪ָħĹ⹥ſֲɱźܴƷá
ɫָ֮⣬ǿħ䡣
ҲΪħнָħУħһսеľϳĽָ
ˮ֮ǰ״̬ڣҲ۷ʵָħĹܿ죬̫ˣһʼûд⣬ɽֱӳ֣һӳм䡣
ԣ
׷֮
ˮͨѾʹˣһãڵĽָħٶĳ棬ȻҪɱԷˮҲ˵˵һսҲãһħʵ㲻ʲôֲʲôħţ뵽Ҳûʲô̫˷ˡ
ӽӡ
ָħɾɽٴˮȥˮһٶȻ࣬ҲǴ󾪣ʵ֪ˮڿʵ˲һ룬Ͼиͨء
ɫָѤĹλˮʱĽָħ˶ǽӲӵģһϳһ޴Ľ𼦵ӰӣǵɫָǽӰӵһֺ
һը죬нָħǵĲЦ
ˮоԼƺסһޱȣ˵ʶƺɢˡ
ǽָħɱﵣʵ»ûʧֹĹ̫ǿˣҲ̫˶һ׼һɱﵰѿ׼ȫڹˡ
ϧˮԷٶȽһһ룬ֻԭһӰ㿪ǽɫָ
ڽָħˮٶѾ쵽ˣһȭӰϡ

תƣ
ž
ӹӡ
ɽʽ
һ½ָħ·𱻴ɽһֱӲΣĲˡ
֮һתѾָħˣҾԲᣬʱһӹӡöԷѣΣɽʽֻܱ׵
ָħǻħŵһδʮˣǴʱˮֱɱ˽ָħʣµķһһˣΪԷɱܷ顣
ˮǿŶԷʮˣԼ֣֣
ÿ˶ҪΪԼ򵥣һЩʱҪǺҪ
ҿܣȥûˡ˴󺰣û˶ǹͷ񣬲ﶼȱͷֱȥ
ɵ
ˮʹõԼİҵİֱַܳȥôԶ˵


2371 ʮһˡ
ȻѾʼɱˣȻ⼸ħŵ˾ûзŹĵɱ꾫ľ͵ˣĳֱӽЩʬٵ
ˮҲûио⵫ЦлԮ֡
仰ȷʵеˮĸоľƺһҲ⣬ˮʵ˾ȣѾΪһ̤۷塣
ǵڶμˡˮЦЦûзҲûгܡ
һλмԳɷ֣ڶξ;Բ˵ˣħŵһߣκ˷У㻹ҪСһЩħŵʵСľ˵ŴΧ
ţһǡˮ˵
ãȥɣǰһҪһͻƣʱҪһ¡ľ
һˮûƴǡ
ɾ
ˮתһϹǿ죬ó˲ʯ׼ܲϹǿͻƾ죬ﵽʮһиֲ
һͷˣʮϹǿϣʵ̫ãˣϾҪƴ˵ϣʵ̫СʯһЩĻԳԣھһ飬ˣҸȽаյıȽϺá
ˮʮʮôʵҲһͻƣҪǿԳͻƶˣʵֱһͻƣϷеǹڣ绻ϸ߼װһı仯
֣֮
ˮӨֱƺҪ͸һŲʯתһ˿ȼȻˮ壬ھߡ
һ㵭Ľ𣬴ʱˮϣɢһʥʱһĹȥ

ˮ˵һɫĶһӴӿĶδ֪½һʱˮľŸɫȫˮһ
Ÿ֮ûͣһӰˮ֣λñľŸҪԶһЩģƺҲе㲻ͬһЩԴһЩ
Ҫ֪ˮ֮ǰĶǶǳΪɫˣҶǽ֮󣬱һĶѾغܶˣʮ񣬶һûгΪɫûн
ȻѾӰѾˣˮɲҴ⣬ȫĵͶȥۻȻŵʮȥ
һΣΡ
ÿһζʯһˮ֪ʮô׿ģȻҲִԶŵڣһҲôһ˴ﵽʮ硣
ʱ仺ʧˮ·ɮ붨ȴѾ΢΢еԲˡ
еĲʯѾԽԽСҪ˶þͻ꣬˻ȫʮôǰҲҪܵ޴ķɡ
Ҳ֪˶ãˮоԼѾеľˣеĲʯ֮ǰһȫʧˡ
ʮѾȫˣһֻʨһֻʨ𣬲໹Ǻܴģʮ֣Ÿ档
ˮȫٴλۣѾ֪ǶٴˣҲʯѾʧˣһγɹʣɰܾһˡ
ܻ

ˮһνõȫȥȻȫӿۣˣǽŸҲУʱһըҩһ
ɾûˣȻһᾪȴʱˮӣƽʱҪһȦ˱ƺˮһˮ㹻ǿ󣬲Ȼͱˡ
壡
۵ֱȫ˵ʮ
һûκεԥͱ罭ӵһһԵĳȥ
䣡
ȻˮֱʲôҲֱ֪ӻ˹ȥһ˲ˮܹŹ֣þûлˣһξȻ˹ȥ
Ҳ֪˶ˮ˹Լɾ˵ɾʱ仹û꣬ɿȻȲҲǶҵĸԼʵ
ʵˡ
ˮһ󼤶ʵˣǾ˵ˮʮɹˣֻпٳɹ˲ŻʵӣʧôӦûڣʵӣʧһЩ
ʮˮ͸оʷֻҪʮĴһǳֲĴڣοˮʮܿͻȫΪɫģӵĿֲ
ˮһĶţһ
ʮˣҾȻһ־ǽɫģΰ׳ۣľŸԵܶ࣬ɢֲѹǿһƣܶࡣ
ɫģˮޱȣºˣֱáֱӽֱöԲȻͿѰ˼ͻˡ
Ҫʱ䲻࣬뵽ˮʼʮ
ʮҪʱǱĶʱ䣬ˮǺ£ûκ⣬˳ɣʵٴ˲٣ʱʮӲӵĶ۳ˮҲǳǰδе㡣
ҸֶѣϿ˵ǵһˣӦǺĵһˡ


2372 ʵһ
ΪҪʮҪЩʱ䣬û뵽ʮԭٳǽɫģǵʮĳ֮ɣ˵ʮǽɫʵ˸оôȣϾǵʮһ㷴˸оô
ҵʮԱǰľŸҪǿܶ࣬ˮоʮиֻ֮Ŀǰˮ֪ѡ
ˮֱӰѻܵġ顱ת˵ʮС
еʱ䣬ˮϴһȻſԼڵʵ
ʮĿʵٴηһЩСı仯
ˮʵ3000
30000ˮķǹ6ҵĹ4ģ
2ɵķˮķﵽ36000
񵲱3000ĸˮ൱39000ķ
ˮɽԵ54˺54зˮķﵽ40000
ս⻷ԺһԼսԣˮķѾƽ100000Ĵء
ʵˮסˣǿʮǿ󣬱֮ǰ˿һʵˣ⻹ûɽļԼΨһˮеεľǹ
ȻڵĹǺܲˣȭɱԴﵽ60000ֲܿˣɱǶתƣֲĶתƣɽɱҲǣͶתֲ֮ͬˮоǶתƱȽϿ񱩡
ѡҪ򣬻˵ܿˮڵĿˣԵĿ򣬱˴û£ˮĹҲǲöתƵбȭϱɱˮһֱڳŰѱȭڽϱɱУıɱ
ʱˮͳɾɫѾˣҸƫƧĵطȥˡ
֮ˮŮûڣ˵Ĳ˶ûڣʱǳʱ䣬ûҲ
ʱ켱æı˹ˮˣɩǱΧ
ˮһ㶣Ǳӣֱ˵ߣֱӹȥ
ˮûж˵ʲôʲôҲûʣʱһʱϵҪġ
ŮĵطԶܿ͵ˡ
һһҴӣҸӣҶҪڸܡľɫѿվŮǰŶ˵
ŰˣǰĴģҲмߣмˣǰǸˣһȵˣ˵˵ģƺ˵ȴҪ졣
һȣһ°£ȷʵޱȣһӢʱȴ΢ЦſžľҺӣ˭ӣŮҽߣ˼ˣƴҲҪӵС
˵һϲŮֻҪŮƴҲҪõܶԷ˭Ůˣǲǳɻ飬ֻҪˣʲôֶζҪõʱ˷ܵ˵
һûɻ˵
һǣڻĳǳоԿǰʮĴڣ𿴶ԷᣬֻΪ̫ߣʹˣò϶׶Σٹ껹ģ
ǻǿ߰ƺʹˡ̾˵
ľʱɫҲѿŶһˣû뵽ʱЩҲ񼣾ȻˣƫƫˮŮˣһΪǾҪ£Ǳǿ
һʵ̫ǿˣ볬һǺҳ֮Ȼ⣬ҵѹһĻϲܣǻҳҲ˵һѹסһοҳҲû
ƴҲûãҵŮ˭ҴҾԶˡˮѾˣ˳ֱߵŮߡ
лԮ֣ԺõҵľܿڣܰϵľԲƴǡˮЦžľл
ҲûаæǲӣҵӲʹľڰֿɬ˵
ľǻ֮ǵľԶڻ֮ǾǳҲӣϧԷһǲǺܸðǶôķ
㶼ǰңѾ㹻ˣЩ˼ȻģԽأС﷭̡ˮЦ˵
Ůˣøϧˣժ仨ǿϧôҸϹҵģҲɱ㣬㿴ΣһŮٿˮ˵
ô׳յĻʵҲˮо׳գ˿⻰һҲ׳գǰʵϣһ˺ܶˣû˸оô׳գ˶ѡ
ĸװ˭ôεô⣬͸ðͰǸ⣬ۡˮûȵһ䡣
ˮһܶģûеµ߻ϲװԽҪǰעԼŮϣܲ


2373 񾳣һ
ˮֱӿһһ㶵ģôҲû뵽ˮֱȻعҲŭ΢ЦſˮһΪǿأڿҲһøС
ʵˮʱǿԸܵһʵʵ治80000ʵǿˣϾһľ45000ңһʵǺֲܿġ
ǻһǣһǰʮǳأǰǳһҲĴڣﻹûа˷ڵľľҲǲ˶Էܶࡣ
һޡˮЦſŶԷ
Էǿľʱѵ
֪ǿҲҵŮˣ˭ܣǿһҲˮƽ˵ȴǿҵš
Ůʱû˵ʲôҲ˵ʲôˮҪǣ浽˵ҲûãˮҲܵӦеģûУˮҲᶪǵġ
ãǸүǣһǲı֮ǰľҸᣬ³ŹУҾͲɱ㡣һ΢Ц˵
ˮ̲סЦˣǲǸоʴȣ
һһ㶣ѵǿʳŮֻʵ˲ӵУɱӵǲǺڲɱ㣬ѵʴ𣿡
һ˵ⲻǸھҲ˵ùȥرǻ֮ǣﲻǻ֮ǣ񼣵һĻںܶ˿ҲǺܹ֣ο֪һ˶֪һһ硣
һŮ˵˴򲻹㣬ôˮ˵
ȻǴˡһΪȻЦЦ
ˮǷȸˣͷˣϣһ֮ǰ˵Ļ
ɣְСӣҶҪŮˣеѪȵľ͹ɡһ˳ˮָ
ˮѾʵתɽļ⣬ֱһȥھվŲһһ˵ˮϾô˺൱ڼ˶Է30000ʵ
֮׷
ˮŲæȻ棬Ǿͺú棬ֱɱˣǾûʲô˼ˡ
ɽļ˺Ǹоģڻ֮׷һöԷһٶȡ
һ΢΢üɵʵͲһٶȣʱˮĹѾˣһ˫ȭ񱩵ȭ
еֱӻһԲˮȥ
ˮ۾һȻ̫ζ
ԣ
ˮԷĹˣȴûκε˺ʹоֻǱ˳ȥԶ
һޱȵľȣôҲˮĽʽϾʵˮܶ࣬ϸǳԽˮһͻƶѾ񾳡
񾳾ڶĶ񣬵Ȼһ˵˵˵񾳵ǿʵڶʱѾʼˣֻдﵽ񾳵ʱſԷӳдڵ
񾳵ǿȻĲйϵÿһͽһ㣬ֻжﵽ߾ŻǿֻĸôֻܴﵽĲ񾳣˸ǿԴﵽ˲㣬˵˵һ޴ĻһôһӾͻ־޴ķˮ롣
һԸܵˮǶԼѾǰ˲񾳾Ȼ޷ѹƶԷޱ𾪵顣
һһǸСĵˣʱȻһ֣Ҳоˮ֮ʱ󶴸ֱӿֻ֮޴޳ֻ֣һģһּһۼףẓ̇ɿһ͹šͷ­ǰĿԴеƣͷ߸໥ļǡ
׳֫޴βͱҲ̣ͷβİٶ׳޴ļһɢơ
һֻ
ˮҲǲɣȻĿԣߵ˵סԷˣԼֵԷûףϾԶ٣мһЩ廨ŵֶΣһСĿܾͻᱻû
ˮҴ⣬ڲ֪ҪҪɱһɱˣԷʣµһ𹥻ԺôԸˮڷԼĵ̻ǲ
鵽ڣɱһƺƿء
𡭡
ֻ޴ˮȥֻޡǱ𶴸ʱǿ̫ˣֻӦҲԶ֣еʵޣеһͨʵˣûˣͿˣͨģˮĻܣĴڱʧˣڶٴٻ
ǰֻʵģˮ˼ֶˣɾĴ֩뻹ûüأֻºˣԶƼѪǿˡ
ȭ
ˮӭֻ޴޳˹ȥͬʱҲųޡ

޺ֻޱֻСһֱöֻްԲ˲ʵ½һЩ
ˮЦˣֻһȻѪºˣˡ


2374 ɵһ߱
֣
ˮֱӾһһֻ޴ץȥ
һʵһľ˶ľްԣˮĿҲĿСҲСҲǾްԣĴһ
ˮܵ˶޵Ĳֵ־ܲס˵Ҳ˵һֵǿ󣬶Щк֮ѪȻ־壬ǱܵĿ־塣
ž
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ˮסԷʱֱĳ˴ӡ޴ĽɫӡޱȺصѹȥһ޴ɽһ
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ˮͨȻԿǸӰǸʵ壬ڳ嵽ˮԶʱӰȴͻȻʧֱӳŮȻһһץסŮŮȻѾ޷
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߱񵤣ûнҩҲΪ䵽죬ԶǰǰٶֵҲûã˵Ҳûȡʱһĵ˵
ôõĵҩҲӵУⵤҩƵİɣˮƽ˵
ҵǿҩʦҩģ˺ܶԹЧҲġһ΢΢һͻŵ˵


2375 Ҹǻ
ǿʲôѵ㻳ҩʦƭ㡣ˮЦ˵
㻹ЦóһޡһͻȻԼܲȶԼҲ֪Ϊʲô
ţҩġˮоԼʵŮʵʧٶȺܿ죬ԪйĶΧ˶ܸܵ
СӣŮʲôȻΪŮ˳Ҹĵҩɵ˰ɣʵҪʲôŮҪⲻǳ飬޴һʱЦ
ʵһĻܶһβԣˮΣΪŮ˴ȥԼ޴Ϊ
ĵҩûеЧˮЦ˵
˵Ǹ֣ɫĹһӽߵضȾ˽ɫ
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˵ʮãѵԽ߱񵤵ҩЧ
һǿˮ𣬺ʮϵһ𣬺ȻȸǿҵߣͼҲǲͣתһ±½Ϊȴָ
һɫ쳣ѿȻʮھȻԼˣһվԼĶ棬ڲԺԲ롣

һŸ֣ŸѾǾԵţĽĴڣˮʮֱŶð޹⡣
ʱľŸа˸ʵģأʶ˾Ϳ֪񾳵һѾǰ˲񾳡
ҪĶеĴȴǿԻģʵ޻սԼԹǿ滻ģ滻ʱҪһҡ
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ˮһƽŮƳһ֮⣬ͬʱһȭ
ԣ
ǰԶһӰ

һ֮ˮһˮһĶˣΧֱӱ⣬ˮûûб⣬ƺ̶һ

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ɵػǶأ⻰˵оЦ𣿡ˮ治֪Էĵġ
ΪɱңҸǻףɱ˾Ҫӭŭ𡣡һƺˮֱӶɱֱ˵
ףһףǻԵǿߣû֮һҲ˵ףȥҲǾԿֲ˵ϣˮоԼڻ治
һǻǿǳأŽǰʮʵǻвСĲ𣬱ײľ͸ӿֲˡ
˵㸸ǻ׾𣿸ղĻ֪㻹ǵ𣿡ˮʱܿģνףû鿼ǡ
ʲôʲô
һʵŮˣôˮĿһ


2376 ɱսԶ
һǴڵʱҲ֪ûУ֮ǰԼ˵Ĵң֪ˮ᲻ң֪ųȥƺ̫ס
ֵܣѶ·֮ǰ۲ʶ̩ɽôԷŹңʲôҶԴӦ㡣һɲ꣬ʵǿһ֮ٻ󣬽
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ҵģһϣֻɱǲл·һͻȻһͬʱըһһ˲Χһĩ衣
ˮ۾ֱһץסһͬʱ֮սżһЩˡ
֮սżˮս⻷󷨵ļӳ£϶Էһɱ¾һ㣬Щкֱײ
ľʱҲǶˣеܵҲοԷǻģ򣬼֮ǰһİԵܶ˻ǿߵģϾﲻһǡ
ˮ֮ǰ˵߱һƳģ˼ʵ˵ŵҩǿ߱񵤲ǿƵҩҩʦǿˮԽ⡣
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2377 ǿԶΨ첻
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ˮıȭȴ˲Զֱʹøɽţɽţӷһ֣ȫӡ

һȭԶòҺһһȭǿˮҲʹöתƣֱɱˡ
ˮѾڲ֮ˣԶֻʱ⣬ֻɱԶڲǺѣתƳ֣һξǲһ֮ɱԶǿԵģϾȫӷͬȵӷ˺
ˮķ㹻Եһ


2378 ѱصˮ
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ҲΪҲѡҪˣûţԷˣ˸õˮ̾˵ЩȻܣΪһ֮ʣ˱Ƶ


2379 [ǣ
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2380 [Ĺ
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2381 Ѫռ֮·
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ˮҲǺܵģԶ飬ϾԶǿ󣬳[ĳ֮ʵڵҩİµõ˾޴[ʵҲףˮٷĶ˵ȥҲǺΣգЩǿ߲˭ġ
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ٷʮǸٽ㣬ѪǴ˵ǿѪ֮һڵĽʵѾǰ
嶼ڷ΢ı仯

ڿѾǰĻֻڽĸǽʧˣֻʣ»
Ѫ仯ġ
ʵ仯ͻģ˵Ƿ츲صģҲˮӼᶨԼ뷨ԼļֻѪǿ֮ĸʺ츳
ڽʵƽظ¥ڵʵﵽ50000
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󣬻Ѫٷʮһ
ѪıԴܵİٷֶʮ˺ٷֶʮĹٷʮܵһиӰ죬ٷʮеĵֿĺ˺ĻָٷʮķԣٷʮٶȺܣѪһʿͻƣͻƺѪõӡ
ˮֻһ֪֮ǿˣѪʵֲ̫ˡ
֮ǰĻǻ羫ѪǻѪ羫Ѫƺܶ࣬ѪֱӰʵıˣ󶼱ˣʵǰ֮ǰĻ羫Ѫ˦ʮ֡
ǰѪٷֶʮֻ̻ܽ羫Ѫڴﵽ˰ٷʮһѾǻѪˣʵȻһ
˻Ѫ֮⣬սҲ΢˱仯
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ˮʣµһЩѪǿʹˣΪʣµҲֻﵽڵĻѪֻаٷ֮һ
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޵Ѻڶʧĸɸɾ˵һοѪﵽٷ֮ʮϻԸıѪѵʱ϶ǰٷ֮һȻʽ֮Ҫһ֮һ֮ѵѪʧˡ
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֮ҪԵٷ֮һĻѪһϡ
ˮҲǴоȣʣµĶʮžȻ˰ٷֶʮϾѵİٷ֮һﵽ˰ٷֶʮһĻѪٷֶʮһĻѪǸٽ㣬ٷֶʮһٷֶʮҪǿ֮ܶܶ࣬
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2382 ˮһηԾ
ֻϢ֪ڵ֮ǰǿ̫࣬ʵս֮ˮ̲ס¶Цݡ
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ڿ鶼ôףԼҪлףиҲ֪ʲôʱǸ
һǻʵˮʵҲõ˲Сһλʵı仯ˮȻҲõ˲Сǽ޵ʱѱˮʵʱõһЩ


2383 ߵ򣬺
һηǺܶģˮõ˲1800ʵʵѾﵽ4800ʵ
ˮʵ480048000
2ɵķˮķﵽ58600
񵲱4800ĸˮ൱63400ķ
ˮɽԵ54˺54зˮķﵽ63454
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ǷҲˮתƵĿֲ˺ֲӷ˺˻ڵĻ֮ϲᱻѹˣԶתƴڱˮʵǿҲһ޴в
ǱȭҲˮǴߣͻ90000ǱĹͣûЧȭѾҵĴˣˮЩȫûκЧ
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Եǳձ飬ĶеΪģһ˻ʱ뿪һЩûΪԽԽˡ
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ˮڲ֪ǲǺ£ߵˮҲʲôȻ˾ǿħţħŵĵطǲǺϲ


2384 ڽħսϪ
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սϪ裬ٶȺܿ죬ޱȣɢĻһϢ

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СƤҪץס㣬㡣
ڴĺһһǰһֻ޴ޡ
ˮϳˣе㾪ȣħ
һֻŴ𣬲һ˫͵ħһҲȺӣһħһޣֲǳ


2385 ȭ
ħʵֲĲǵնɱǷĿֲһȺĻǿֲ͸ˣΪħĳεģҪǿһ赲
ˮֻħ֪սϪҪˡ
ʵǲܴ£һֻǿħſֲԷĿ꣬ħĸεģЧģؼʱֱӿ𵽾á
Ϫħɫ΢䣬һУһֱɫľ޴ǳΧȻֱþħȥԼǳ˺ӡ
ϺٺЦţͻȻеĴֱһֻžǵԴȥħǷ˼ĽսûоʲôΪħĽġ
ĳžǡ
ȻͿǳ˶ݵͣ٣ǿս˲ܾʱ޴Ĵֱ˾ǵԴϣڽħ˫ޱȣ˾ǵԴûκˡ
ʱǴӷ·һ˻䵽˺ڽУֻӵһãǿٻһֻԺڽվѾ޴ĴӵɰϮɱ
Сڸ㡣ڽЦúܼͬʱѾ׼ʱ׼˻ս
ħʱ򷢳˼ĽһȦȦۿɼһĶֱս
һ˲սоԴз·ֻ۷һرʶʶҲûãħֲֻ֮ܿʵĵֿħĽֹͣ
ӺڽնˣѸٵĴͷһֱԱҪýеĴûκεϧս
ϧ񣬺ԼŮ˵Ҳǲֵһᣬ˵֪Ů˲ôģȴˣȫһʱԼôô档
սվ֪ܻţŬԼƽСǺڽյı͵ϮڶΧʶܵˣֻܿ۾ۿڽղʱĳһǸʱʶҪģԵһʱȷԷķ
սѾܵһʱȷֵķ̫ˣ㹻ڽչˡ
أ
սӰȥһѪȥ
ѾˮˣҪ֣Ҫ֣ˮͷͬˣֱӳսסĽ
Ϫһ㶣һֱӾҪ˵ĲӣҲҪƷ
Ҷ㲻ɱǺ𣿡ǺдԵģϪϪе㱣ôͣԼ׼Ķ
ԣҰӴǵñ𶯡Ϫ𶯣º͵ǺСŮһ
Ϫ۾ôģǵһ˺Ҳºͣ˵ʲôʲôҲû˵
СӹԶ㣬Ȼүүһ㡣ڽտСܲ˧ˡ
Цˣɵƣôôڣڵһ򣬲ǱڹϺڹʺ˰ɣҲͺڹʺ԰Ⱦôڣ˵ڵһȳʲô˰ҸӺˣ֪𣿡
ͣ
սϪȴһЦˣһ˵ĻЦˡ
ڽڸо··ҪŻһ޲ðʬΡ
СүүʱëûأүүÿڽħĴԼƽ
Ӻ˭˭أŶˣҿôڵӣһˣϸһţǲˡϲǺ˳ˡ
ڽ±˵ڣȻԼһɱСﻹе
ӣߵĺڽֱһ졣
ǸӡȻӳһȭ
ȭ˱ȭĴȭ
ǴսһȭΪ츳ԭ򣬳ˮȭһȭǺǿģҴȭҪһصٶȿ죬Կ졣
ԣ
صײֱӰѾ޴ĴҷˣûͣӰħȭӰһƮݣٶչ֡
ԡ
һֳ˽࣬ȻͿħһŴԴҵĲǸ״ˣѪ
ħֲȺ壬ħһûѱޣΪֻʵ൱ٵЧԺ˻ħֵٶȲУУɱҲУǸޣΪʵԭһ̶һֻûʲôˡ
ħĹһӵֿ˵ԹκʵģٵĶܸţħиóڶʱﵽܳ־ãԸһʵ̫㹻ˣս֮ǰŻбꡣ
ֱûиħκλͽħڽշӦ֪ƴ򲻹Сˣ֮ǰԷһȭԼʱ֪ˡ
ˣܹϣתܣٶȺܿ죬ϧǴսٶǿڽոоԾ̧ͷϿգ档


2386 ɽǵħ
ž
ڽմͷֱӱķ˳ȥеľ޴Ҳһֻ
ȭͷǿڽħǿҲǿȻĵɳȥƺ˲أֱٴܡ
ʱһ˿ѸٵĲס˺ڽգȻһž޴ڽסˣٶȱûܿͱһһ
˻ˣˮһ˳ֱӰѺڽħץ
ߵսߣû°ɣ
սЦЦû£лл㣡
ٺ٣òãҸԴе㺩˵
ϪҲЦˣһ֮ǰޱȣڷɵģоرĺ
Ϊʲôô˵أϪЦʵ
˵˵ŵһμ˵һ˵ҲǺˣǿɲѡ˵
ȻңҵѻҵľˡϪЦ˵
׼ôءˮһЦ˳
ǹսЦ˵Ҫ޸ˡ
Ǻ˵ҸҵѣԺҲˡϽ⣬ȻԼһᱻƲɡ
Ҷս񴫳ߣŮȻǣҲҪԱˮŮˣ˵һȫս
սһ¶˿ĵЦݣԭˣ˵ôоеϤǲ֪Ϊʲôˣ̫ˣȥɣһܿĵġ
ϪƺˮΪ׵ʲô˵߱˵
ܿˮ͵õһЩɽϢ
ɽħţɽʵǿĲħţħŵʵɽҲǺеλġ
ķϪܣǧˣսȴֻʮһ붼ʵǿս
ս񴫳߶עΪǿߣҲҪʱ䣬ս񴫳ֻ𲽸ߣ죬ֻһЩڿһ죬󲿷ֶҪһһǰģо仰ô˵ģݵҲǴһȥġ
ĵǸߣˮܿͼˣ¸أ֮ĺԶɽԵõģǱս
սǱս
ս־֪ǿܸߵƻǱսԪصԪԲַĿԱѣֲƻ
ȫɱսƣǰӺ󱧱սǺֲܿģʤһСľͻᱻش
ллǾϪһˣͷҽճʡսİѴӭȥ
ǰǾʹˡˮЦ˵˵Ȼճ߽ȥһ߸˵Ĵڡ
ΰĽЩˣЩʱˣһ£ʵǲģﲻһЩǿս񣬻һֻǿޡ
ֻػˣʲô֪ʵȴǽӽ100000
ţô˵ҲǱһĿġսĵ˵
ǣǰҿҲЩˡ
ЩˣûˣҲǺܻԻ͵ģϧһССħŶ¡ս˵
ŶǰĪħźǿ
ҲǾǿȻҲ治ˣǶħֻмܵķݣǿмסԷҲƴƣҪƴĻƴԷˣħҲԪˣҲ¶٣ҲʵˣһʱʱҲû£ǱսҲûʲô
ܵ˵ˮҲˣͷǰҪǾ͸ͷ󡣡
ˮЦ⣬սЦˣʵǺǿǿ֪ˮʵףҿˮЩ˵ͷˣҪЩмʵǿĸо
ɽǲ֪ͣáսûнˮ֮ǰĻ
ǽŵɽǣ·ֻɿϪСǸڽգﲻãħţҺǴ򡣡ˮҲû
Ĵħţսԥһʵ
ұǴȥҾģԻ
ˮĻս˳˼ûʲôǰ;Ȼ֪ħһֱڣ˵׼һͻᱻħȻħҲԡ
Ҫ棬ȿǵ棬ȻǷչڷչȻԽԽãлϷչиޣȻҲģֱһ·ֱϣʵ̫̫ˡ
ǰ֪ĹǣһħųػԺһ컹ټˮ֪һľҪäĿҲ׵űˡ
лս˵
ˮл˱սɽһׯ԰ס£ںڽվˡ


2387 ţͷ
ˮȻ˵ҪħţҲôֱӴȥŵǴ̽鱨ħŵжˮ֪սʵǺˮ
ˮΪ⣬źãҪˮôԴġ
ôϪˮ·޾ɵ˹ȥ
ħţȻ뿪ˣʱͼϪˡ۾һˮ˵
Ҫӿȣʱ뿪ϪǡˮЦ˵
𣿡۾ˡ
пܵģչĿռ䲻ϪսǱġˮ֪ԶʱսǿϪӦû뿪һ죬ֻǲȷԼһǲ뿪ء
ʱܿȥˣŵҲõħŲٵ鱨ʱˮر
˵ħŵһֻػһЩһһֻ׶εޣôȥٰʮܰˡˮ΢΢ü
֪Ҳػ޵ģʵǿӽ10000ʵħŵػ޸ʲôҪǿ
ʱŵ˵ħŵػһֻԶţͷ֡
ˮҲһ㶣ԶţͷѾİˣǱģھЩĶһ֮Ǹ츳սʲôĻõӣͬһء
ԶţͷҲǿһܱľеٮٮߣʾǶˣҲֱӿ˦һԶţͷʮ֡
ţͷӦûûгʵӦñػǿôһ㣬Ȼ֧Ųȥ
ˮûȥħţŵҵˮЦħѾгսҪ򡣡
ˮһ̲סʵѵΪǸڽգ
ˮֻԭУҲ²ʲô
ţɱ˺ڽգİһٴҲԩɱ˶ˡŵ˵
ȥˣȻ˵ǶħţǾȥɣ׼ͣ죬ûбҪˣͿ뿪ˡˮվЦ˵
ƥ򣬰ѴڽҾ͵ʲô鶼ûзһվǰ
һɫӣ۵ľ˫۾ƻƻ֮Ǹӣе㳯죬ǳǣҲӡ
˵ǲǡǹȥɣⶪˡսЦ
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Ȼħͳȫ㡣ɫ˵
ţˣһỹҪ鷳֡߻ͷ˵
ʱһֻľߵδڣûʲôȴһţͷţͷЩˮţţʲôţͷףͷֵֻĽǣⲻţǣܶȴǴ׳ޱȡ
û£õġţͷ˵
ħĵЦˣóһһѶУǽҲǵİ׹⣬ޱȡ
ħݵóһɫĴ󹭣⹭ô׳ϸӦĳǿ޵Ĺָϸ޽
һǼѾϣϡ
ʱһһȣ
˵ȻˮһѾϹˡ
ʲôˣϽȥҪСİԼȥħõ˵
ѵڡսЦ
ˮͷǼȻ˵ҪħȻҪģģû뵽ôɴղײգںˡˮЦ˵
ħ۾źôΪԼˣ˼Ŀˮ˵ʲôҪǣ
ˮĵͷԣ
ˣĬЦħЦ
ħҲǴЦ˵ˮ⻰ʵ̫Цˣһ׶԰ĺһʿ˵Ҫһ
Цһ޵ġˮŶԷЦúܷκ
ˣȻǷҪ֣Ǿ·ˡ
ɱţҵɱͿˡһվ˵
˵հɱɱţһ𣿡
ϻһɱһɱţȻһ
ħͷ˳һѵִӣιҵĴӺܼˣ㳢ҵĴӵ
΢΢С߶ȵӣˮûжվˣӣţһĳ󣬺Ǻһĳ󡣡
Ļò˶ЦˣˮЦûжսǶҲ
ôվҲϪйϵ
˵ҳˣСӽˣһִĺǾ޴ȴޱȵ˴ֱһն촸˹ȥ


2388 ħɱħ
ӵٶȻһһˮûиʲôԼÿζӣʲô£ϾԼʱ߸Щ
չᣡ
ٶܶ࣬һ޴Ĵ֮иӰ
ӵĴӺܴ󣬵ⴸȴ̫ˣҲܳǾ޴Ӷȫסˣ˴һޱȣҸ˸о

һ̶˵еöͬʱֱۻûһ޴Ĵӡ
״
Ǵ˵е״ĴһⴸֻʣӰһԼһƣȴǲһ׵磬ޱȵӭִĴӡ
ִĴƺҲоһ˿ΣգеĴӱ貵Ĺâɲģ֮ǰֺ˹ȥ
ͻȻޱȵΧҲ˿񱩵ķ
䣡
޴ĺųըһƬһ㣬ִӶúˣܿ˫ٴγ˶ԷٶҪʤһִĺӵҲǱȽĳҲ·硣
Ĵȭǰǿ̫ˣȡ˺ܶ೤ȭҲĸһоԱ£ϰо˴ȭϡ
ء
ϵĳײĴȭҲ̫ζȭжȥһЩҲСĹǱȭĹЧȭٶȾرĿ졣
أ
룬ץסһȭ˴ӵ磬Ȼͻһȭͬһλá
꣡
һȭǿֱӺ˴ӵĹͷȭͷûջֱһڶ˴ӵ̫Ѩ
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һǺǿ̫ѨرĲλߵǿ󣬴ʱĴӸооޱȣʹҲǳѪ

ٶ̫ˣǸУֱĺˣˮʱٶ̫죬ֱٴһͻֱǰһһӰ
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˴󺺵ıϣ޴ͳֱӰѴ󺺵ĲӶˡ
ħŵħħʵǲģѾ˽ˡ
ħִĴӱһʱӰˣħǡһҲ˵ħΪһٶȣ˵ٶȳĿ졣
ħ죬죬˸죬ˮѾǰһж˲䣬ħѾеʱѾˮĹ롣
תƣ
ˮԥĳˣ뿴130000ķԴôֲӷ
һѤİ׹⣬һ貵˲ɣһ̵˶ˣһƺգ¡
ϢΪⳡִ̫СˣȻƺһӰˡ
ħħѾʧˡ
þ֮ƺע⵽⣬ɽǵħţõһжûг־ͱɱˣûΪħţˮһʵ̫ˡ
ˮҲе㱻ԼĹˣתǰһ׹⣬ӾЧûô󣬵һȻеôһƣСȻ̫࣬ȷʵޱȡ
ʱˮֱӿǸţͷ֡
ħŵѾսľˣħɱǼҲȥˮ
ţͷ
ˮţͷ֣ⶫǰ˵еţͷеƣȷʵһ׳ˮǵӦõӡ
ˣǿ֮ǰĹӦƵİɣҪϿʹһ־ܡţͷ˫޴ţ˵
һﵹǺܴϧˣˮоӦò²ԼĶתһһΣһΣϾ̫ǿˡ
ţͷֲ´Ҳ´ˮķ
һ治ʹãֻ·ߣ־ܣ߱ҴˮЦ
Ҫ֮ܲǰĹң㴦áţͷ˫ţ۹๾תš
ҿԴӦ㣬СˡˮЦŸɴһ֡
һĵġ
ž
ֱ˱ţͷֵԴϣıţͷһһ㶣ֱĹôѣεЧ
ȭ
Ʊȭһ˱ţͷֵǰһ򵥵Ĵ
ţͷֱѣεʱ̫ˣʱѾת֮ǰ̫ˣ˵Ҳ㲻Сֱӻ˲ӰȻٴγѾˮߡ
е˻ɫһһˮ˹
أ
ͬʱţͷֽȻһȣһɶܴݣܣſкʹ֮¡
عѣǱţͷֵһǿˮҲᣬؼ̤ţͷֵĴؼ̤ƺӵľտ
ˮȻԼҲѣˡ
Ȼʱ̣ܶʱһӸպòסˮ


2389 ɽţͷ
Ӳסˮʱһʱ͸оӲһĶԺǿΪˮһʱ׼Ŷϣȴʧˡ
ˣҸоƺԽԽƺնһ
ˣǹֻҪ⹴סҲñţͷֵĴЦ
ˮ廹ǿʱҲֵܵסĲϵսһŵߣֻҪźһͻôߵսһ㡣
⻹ǴǵĻҲϴ⣬е͹ţͷֵʵ⹴еаš
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ˮҲ֪ʲô취ˣ޵ļǣǶ˵ƿ֪ɲƿ⹴
Ҳ˰ٷʮĻѪʵҲǱǰǿ˺ܶġ
ˮĻǶס˹ֱѸתһһ
⹴аţ޵ļǿƿ̫ණȴ˶֣ĦԿڵĩٶŪ⹴Ҫʱ֮ࡣ
ƺǰҲ⣬ֱҧס˹
ˮûüֹֻһ
ûжϣȴǱҧһ飬ָǴС
ٶȾ̫ˣȥöһͿҧ⹴
ţͷֶǵɱҧһ۵ıħ˻Ҫۣħûиоôۡ
ͣͣͣ
ţͷָϽֹȻջ˹Ҳޱȣû뵽ڣҧԼĹ
ȭˮӰֱӳ嵽˱ţͷǰһȭ˹ȥ
ţͷֵȻˣǳףʱˮһȭҲҲһȭ˹ȥ˶ȭͷͷ˿С
ˣ
صײˮӰһûûбˣҲûܵκε˺ɽļöԷѾˮʵǿǸȻûˮǿҲ޷ˮˡ

ˮޱȣǺʵϣҲֱӺϵģһαѣεʱ΢һ㣬Ҳͣôһ£ҲѸգ۵ʱ䡣
ɽʽ
ˮʱһпƱصʽɽʽǴ׾ʽ
䣡
ؿֲɽѹһ㣬ţͷֱƵòϵĺˣһʼ뿹ˮһߵֿһߺˣȻֲסɽʽǱˣȻɽʽѹȥ֮Ͼˡ
ˮȻŹᣬʽȥʽһʩչĿƽ⣬öԷŴңʽ಻
ž
ˮȭ֮ıţͷֲɢˣһ˲䱩ֱӳΪʮ׸ߵľ޴ţͷ֣׳ޱȣ޴Ĵȣŭһֱֻˮȥ

ˮһֱȭŹҪܳʱ䣬ɴһɽˡ
ݣ
ͣ
ˮɽٶˮʵ֮ƺҲ˲٣ΪĶйϵ
͸˱ţͷֵһȡ
ţͷֻֿ糤С
ԣ磬ˮɽôǰһֱо˺ãڲ֪ˣɽǿ˾ȻСˣֻ糤ͨʵȴַޱȣ߳ĺâ
δ͸ñţͷ־ޱȣ˺
ˮʱȴЦһҪһһλ̴Ĺͷ
˵һ׼ȷĸ˱ţͷֵһñţͷֲޱȣҪǴ̴࣬أ
ͣͣ䣬ԸΪˡţͷæ󺰡
ˮû뵽ô׾ѱ˱ţͷ֣εģͬ˵оţͷˣôǿʹҲãˮȻӦڣţͷҲΡ
꣡
ˮʮһһĶס˱ţͷ֣޷ˮҲ޷ˣ˳ЩκӰ죬Լ֪꣬ɵʽϾ˲ܱģǰʽʲô
Щħŵ֪군ˣʣµˣûħͱţͷħ군ˡ
սĵˮ˵־ھݣмҲ뷨֪Ҳ֪ɲԴ㿴ſԵĴǼ棬ҲΪТһ
ˮЦˣǰˣĴߺܶ࣬ﶼԺħŶԿŸԵãȻô̧٣Ҿʹ˰ɣܲϵɣ
úã㿴˭ʡսǺЦ
죬㿴˭ʣ۹ȽϺáˮЦ˵
쾪ϲˮĴֵָܣ
߹ȥװģĿߵϪǰϪС㣬Ը𣿡
ϪȻԸ⣬һĻ壬ɫ΢죬ɲʲôŮӣ֪ϲԼҲо˲ĬȤģʵҲƺûŮˣ΢΢һɫ΢˵Ը⣡


2390 ɽһȺ
Ϫ˵֮оԼɫˣ֪Լ֮ǰΪʲô뵽ЩЩ׷˲٣ȴûǸϡ
ҲԵˣڹؼʱ֣ͻȻԼͼסһ˵ֵĸоܺã֪оҪ׼һ¡
Ȼ֮ǰϪһˣʳ֮еģر˵ʳĻе壬ϪĻش󣬼ϴʱ켤ޱȣ˫ֺ΢΢лл
ϪһЦˣҲӵɬˣΪǧ໥ϲʵڲףʱоԼԵֵˡ
սʱȴЦˣСӣСϪôЩûпϹǸˣҪúϧ
ǰģһҵһĺǻ˵
ˮһ㶣Ĵǰһ仰һиĻҵĸζ
Ϫúˣʱ򱱻߹ȥס࣬ﲻ˶ǼĽ죬ŮӾôıˡ
ʣһɴ಻ѡˣϪ̲סٴεһۣ̫ˣһҲá
Ϫһѡ뿪ʣµһûˣϪûˣȻﶼѣûʲô֪ѣΪŮ̫ˣӶǴһĿԣȻûʲôֵ飬Ϫѡ˶һ㶼һˣȫʱ䶼
뿪ʱϪĺͱս˵ҲͶԱս׽Ůһ㣬ЩսҲһֱŮһչˡ
ʱȻҲ뿪ˣսһֱˮ͵ɽ⡣
ˮӪһս
ռϪʲô棬˺ͱ֪ŮˮҲǾȲѣˮ۵ģģо磬ˮᣬȴ֮
ʩɣ׼죬Ȼоܲ
ȷʵоԼ𱱻в磬ԼһԸŮʱǱһ£û뵽Ȼˣ޿ޡ
ˮΪҸҲ±ˣԼһЩҩʲôĶ죬Ϫȣ˵ͶôǰΣҲһֱ
ھЩ󣬾ݽʵˮЩͷ·ǰ䡭
ˮûдʲôطȥ뷨Ҳʵ֣ӱս֪ľѾûħţߵǵħţû˵ǰˡ
ˮֱӴǰǣȥ￴ÿһħŵĵط뵽̨գڣȴһδεʧ֪Լһ졣
ԼȥΪʱ䳤˻ۣ޲ϼֺ¿ʶԼӣӽԼǸ
һԼ
һ·ϵǺƽһÿ춼ķʽżȥһĳЩǳأݽϣǸҪ鲻·
߶ҲҪܶ࣬Կغ۽磬Ұ;硣ʶ㡣
ɽ
һºõѾǺԶˡ
һ޴ɽϵһۿǴɽɭ֣޺ͳӺԶط
֪֮ǺɽϪ˵
ɽΪͱôϪ˵
ͱˮΧʵ
ţ˵ÿһʱͻһֻǿͱеԵϾݵ۷壬ȻﲢΨһͱĳʵֻǺСһ֧㣬ƺ飬ǿͱ治١Ϫƺɽ˽ĺܶࡣ
ˮͻȻ뵽ŵǸŮˣʦ֣᲻Ҳġ
뷨һ֣ˮоΧƺһЩ仯΢ı仯ˮо߽һ塣
ˮüͷ𣬿ΧﾪȣôɰɣѵֻһֱڹעԼĶ
һȺʷ䲻ķ˳ȥЩʷҲ䣬˵ˮһֱûʹʷ
ôʷѾ̫ˣһʼֻڶǼʮֻ࣬ųʷ䣬ΧһһݶˮҰС
ˮû˵ʲôгޡ󣬸г˱ţͷ֣ǶΧз
һ󷨣Էһˮʲôʱ忴ˣǰ˵⣬֪Ҫԣȴ
ܿˮʹˣͨʷ俴һƬıһ붼Σ󲿷ֶῡӣЩ۵Լˡ
ԸһҪãСϵ֮͵šһǿ׳˵λƺͣ˵


2391 һˮѹ֮
ܹ𣿡һ۽΢̵˵
˵Ͳˣûߵ򡣡ǿ׳˵
ҲǣߣȥǼˣȻöôޣ˵˵ΪʲôôЩˣ˵мɫˡһЦ
ڻǴʱ򣬶ҪǽɱŮǼŮĵû˵ǵʱ£Ȼʾ硣ǿ׳˵
ҪӵŮ˾ǼʮʮҲԭ򡣡Ӹп˵
ˮһͣѾ֪Լ˿ˣҲܵжϢԷԶΣٶȲ뱻ɽûȥ׷
òƱΧˡˮΧ˵
ֻǾȣûк£ǸоֻˮһжǲΪǣЦʲôҲҰΪǣܶ𣿡
٣Ӧö࣬ϢޣΣٶȺܿ죬һСǵ͵Ϯжˮ뵽˶Ҳж
ܵģ߶пο¶һ׵ģʳ¶Բԣζ¶Ϻϴ㶾򲻵ԷҲûá
մĶͶĶԷҲûʲôã涾ҲҪʵȻĶҲ𲻵á
սʱ򣬶ǺõģеĶʤͶĶڰ·ըʲôٶȼӿ죬ַΧս˺ձ飬һϴ㶾ǽҲͲԶˣϾ˫ʵġ
ҹʱжˣΧˮһ˵񣬿еضһɳȻ˵磬Ҳرͨ˶ܿ˴˵ס
ಡ
ͻȻ춯ضˣˮѾˣԶıЩǺܴ󣬳׳ľ޴ӣҪһۿȥɽҰ޳һ
ܡ
ֲĽ̵˶ĤۣҪֽͷ·˸оָȥˮǽϻһоָ׷ۻ
ôֻУ죬ˮʵҲǲҲǲѡ
һ
ˮŶԷһ˫˫ɫ۾ԽթڣҲ£ֱΧ˵ֱӹʱҲֻλÿԹ
ˮһҲǴһ㣬˫Թ㲻һ򵱹ĪˮЩһڻǿԵģȻˮ˻֪Էʲôʵ˵׼ԷһҪ󷨣˵öԷʵǿԼزסڡ
սʼˣˮֱһ˽ӡ˳ȥ
һɫӡɽһĳ˳ȥ
䣡
ǰıһĲҽҲֻˣˮоԷмǿߡ
תƣ
ˮһʵǿģֱһתƴ˹ȥ
ڻˮԼ֡
գѤİɫһľֱӽΧһлΪʧ
ˮһ㶣ԽԼĶתƲǹһģԹĿĿǳĴڡ
һöԷЩˣɱǸǿļ֮һɱһһʵҲǿΪһЩֱӱˣصˣܻܲǸ⣬ǻΪҲҪۿˡ
ҲѪԵģܶ࣬ͻȻֱˮ̣һ˸оԼеС
ˮҲţ̧־һɽʽ
ɽʽ
ȺˮһӿɽʽЩܿġ
䣬䣬֨֨
ѹǱƵõĺˣȴŸıӿ˹ֱγѹǿɽʽһγΪѹֱӰǧ֮ڵıѹ
ÿֻҲа׶೤һѹɱֻ
һЩ׵˵ȫѹǴʱﻹеֱӿӣˮҲ׷ܣû뵽һɽʽɱôֻ
ɽʽĳطͿԳΪѹ
һ˾ͰѶԷˡ˵
ô˹ͲиˡˮЦ˵
ôᣬҸ磬׸磡ؿڡ
Ϫһ߿ϴ΢ЦҲȥ󲿷ֶսֵܽãʱҲ֪ˮǵΪ˺ܺãʵǿ󡭡
ϪůһҲҵˣ׼ˣڽչ٣Ҳǣ֣¡
쵹һϪ˵̫ˡ
Ϫѡ񣬺οҲоܺã̫˷оȱʲô̸˵ҪһЩֻ̣һĻۣŻϧг
Ůһ˵ǺרһûĿʱ򿴵һŮͻϲһ۶Ϫǳӣ⵹ˮƣûһ棬ҲϪ۹и


2392 ǧƮ㣬޳ҫ
ֻһСˮȴ˾裬ֻڰĶ
ֻŵǸŮ˵ʦֶʵǿرڶϣˮԶкܸߵʶ¶
֮ǰûץǶϢʵоҲûбҪôԼʵѾǰһڶԸӦģ´֪ˡ
ߵǣ
ˮһѾˡ
һ¥ס£ʱѾս˵ˣֻħţûһûս񣬶ħǵʵǿ󣬲ǳҲһʳס
һ嫻ʳһǿĻʳϾʳһǣ˵嫻ʳߵǿĴڡ
ˮסľ¥õľ¥¥
˵¥һʳүҲһڻʳ
Ҫ֪һʲôĶԶʳǡ
Щˮûʲô̫ĹϵûдôչҲҪ̽ħŵħЩʵǿߵ
оǴ̽ʵǿ߶ﵽһʲô̶ȡ
ˮյõһϢǹħġŵҵˮ˵
Ŷŵ˵ˮͣΪνħţȻֱͣӻǰ
ħӦûܳԾǸħųŮʣΪ߳ո߳ǾͨһЩֶΣ缸ʳһֲ˸оκʳʳȴǿԶ˻ɥʧĳЩȡ
ŵĻˮǺܾȵģħҲãսҲҲʮУЩħڷսħˮĴмжʲôħ÷ħʲôҲһЩЩȻҲħǲеġ
⵹˼һҪȥˡˮЦ˵
λħǿһ¥ǧƮ㡣ŵЦ˵
ǧƮ㣬ֵеˣζҲƮǧ֮⡣ˮЦ
氡нƮأ˵ûʲôζƮǧ֮ġŵƺҲˡ
Ͻа㣬֪ƮƮʮҸЩУҲҼõˡˮ˵Ҳʵûǧ㣬̫ˣ˭˵ûУֻԼûмѡ
ˮû£ͳˣѾ֪ǧƮڵλˣ׼ȥħǸʲô
ǧƮ㣡
ǧƮζƮôԶζȴǺǿ󣬺Զŵˣ磬һŨȴζڷںܲζˡ
ǧƮҲǧףҲֻǧƮܴﵽЧôԶŨζ
ζһֱУֻһЩȲ˳ɢƮԶΧ֮ڶôǿҵζ
ǧƮ¥ռزǺܴҲ¥ÿ¥ʮƽףĵطھݵľ¥вħʵľ¥ֻСˣϾٶס
¥ǰĹ㳡ͣ˸ɫ޳ܶ඼ޣԶҲУѪҲ٣˶ͷģֻǮУҪĻʵ
ſŮÿһò绨̸ǣǧһŮ
ЩŮͳһΣ·磬ӯӯһյСϸѩ׵ļɢ˵ĹǰͦԶԶȥһţǺῴɷ塣
Ƕ̿㣬ѩ׵ĴȱֱСȣֱܳǹһ˫Ѿӣһ̺쵽֮⡣
˶һ඼ǲˣϲľǰƱЩʵɽ֮䣬еůϸ塣
ڶЩŮҲǱĿһ£Ҳû˸ҹ֣ŪҲֻܽƱռ±ˡ
ӭ٣
ˮߵſڵʱЩŮ̹Ը˺ܴܺӾˮҲǱһѣһӾһ߶ʮŮʮǺӾģҪЩŮ˴źԸС
ˮȱƱڰȥߵŮ˱Щǿ̫ˣô
ûǮͱһмһӰһƱһŮ˵˫֮䡣
˲ܶŮˣһǿǸ˳۸Ǹ˳һѡ
ˮΪһ仰ͺ˶˻ûʲôоƤû̧һ¡
ˮĲڶԷʾǵЦ㲻дװ׸Ϲ˰ɣϿɾ̫ʧˡ
ˮû뵽˻ûˣЦſŶԷղʮﶼϹˣȴֻһѵʮŸﶼ׸Ϲ֪֪ģ˵ʮЦٲһЦûʮЦٲ޳ܣ޳ܵ޳ȥҫ


2393 ǮǮ࣬ħ
ˮҲʲôطҲȣҲھݣʵﶼһ˵ǰʵҲֻ࣬ǰˮӴǸȦӡ
걻ˮ˵һһ㶣ԥһƺҪ˵ʲôˮȴóһƱֱӰŷȻˮֻǵݵЩŮƱֶ̫ˣŪôĿռǸûǮοͨƱˮ֪ôأеϧҲûʲôá
ʮûˣȻǸ꣬ˮŪ꣬ڿְܼӡ
ǲǳˣǲأûǮװʲôϽɣˡˮЦŰڰ֡
СӣúãұǮడǾͱһȣСүǮǮࡣóһȻֱӷȥ귢˶ʮ˾ͣ
ˮóһֱӷ˶ʮˣˮͷʮˣǮ࿴ٴóһǮʮˡ
ܿ˫ʮˣһǮҲ١
úܶΧ֣ҲǧƮϰ壬ҲǳħûгȴǻһԿ
үǣ̫үˣҲ֪˭˾ֲ
ǮļҵǮǮһǮˮһǧ𾭳飬˭ôͺǮˡ
˭˭Ǯ϶ɵӣرǮϡ
Ǯҿǵĳ壬ǿ߶࣬Ǯ֪࣬ôͳ˸Ǯܼ࣬ӿǺ޵Ǯүӳ谮Ǯÿһǧ֮ǰүӶǺܿģܶ˶Ǹʲô
ǮҴ󲿷ֶæǿߣǮһ̶ϿԴǮҵһûǮ˭֪ǮǮ࣬ҲһϢǮǾ˵Ǯû¡
ˮЦóһǮϴκһȻֱӷ꣬ôһٰǺˡ
Ǯ࿴ˮ۾գһµľͰôǮȥ
ǮȻǮˮһǧ𣬵һλϵҲģ֮ǰѾʮˣΧ˶࣬һҪӵģóԴֱӷȥ
֮ǮͷˮְСӣ
ˮֱóǮǰӻ˲꣬Ǯࣺ˾ӲǮҶ
ˮº͵Цš
Ǯ岻ɫĻһ£ǮҵǮǺܶ࣬˵ҲóؼǮòҲûУﻹٶ
Ǯһ˾ԲˣǻƵҲˡ
ˮǮͷ϶ðˣԼûǮװʲôͷ˰ǮûˣЦˣƨˣҪ¶ˣƨɻġ
Ҫɱ㣬ɱǮͻȻˣˮȥ
ǮߵĸҲˮȥ
ˮ⣬ֱӿʼ򣬿ͨ˴һٶȲ죬ͨҲܿˮôֱӸɴŴţһɣݶûʣ¼š
ʲô֪ǧƮĹأҪԶԶĴһҪءһŵ
ˮһ㶣һŮˣ䣬ӦòСûһ˿ƣ£죬͸һ˸ˮҲپ£Ŀ䣬̶׵ľˮ
Ӻͦ촽У촽΢ĺⲻûӰ˿ò˼ջ޳Ĳӣǰŭͦôͦ˿ĵһо
еڸǱԣŮԸг죬κν׶ε˶ž޴ջ
ϰ壬ԲԲ𣡡Ǯ๧ĵǸ
˵Ǯ٣ˣǻллǮٵĿǮ㻹ǻȥϢϢɣŮ̾˵
ЩŮϴϲĵٴǮٹл
Ǯʹĵˮһۣһ˵ԹȻٴŮ˹뿪
ˮѾȷŮ˾ǳħħûħ֮Ѫˮܲ⣬ħ֮ѪħӵеĶǲٵġ
ˮ֪֮ŮǳħΪ壬Ըܵħ֮ѪѪڣȴѾħ֮ѪˣǺ⣬ǿħ֮Ѫǿ󣬿ûħ֮Ѫı׶ˡ
ˮ˼һ̨յϣˡ
ﲻӭ㣬㻹뿪ɣŮֱӿˮ䡣
ˮ֪Ů֪ˣ˵ҵһôܼңǮĪǻҪ˸ߡ
ǻллλӡ
ЩŮٴˮлʹ͡
ˮӣŮ˵ֱӣôǮӳȥûʲô󻹲ýǧƮţƫƫŮϻһЩܣʱʲôֶΡ
֪ΪʲôҲôֱӶ֡Ů˶սûʲôøУսħûκκøһ


2394 գɽ
ǰƺҺгɼˮЦ˵
Ů˱ˮΪǰҲе㲻ˬǳ죬ǸŮҲԸԼϣû˵֪ҵ𣿡
ǧƮϰ尡ˮװͿ˵
˵СװʲôͿأ֮ǰһֱڴҵ顣Ů˿ˮƤ
ˮٺЦʵȱȳյģҲǸհߡ
Ůһγ׸ܵˮƤֱ˵ûȤ
˵ģ˵˾ƺôãһμ滹ɱŽӴӴĳհߣҵĳմû֡ˮ˵
Ҽս٣ôĻǵһսǶʲôֶΣŮ˴ˮƺ뿴ʲô
ʵɣһħûЩħԣҶûκζ⣬˵һħҲûʲôвˮѳħʵ˵Ĳֵһᡣ
Ůˮ˵ûһʵҲ̲סЦˣǳħʵȴúܶǿħ̾磬Ȼôߵǵħ
˵ɣôȣŮ˿ˮ𤾢С
ȱɣ˵עôˮЦ˵
Ŷжעǲ֪ʲôע˵ŮԽ
˵òãˮ˵
˭Ǳ˵עģҵʱſڿӱ˵Ҫ𣿡Ů˵
ãȻǾ˵עҪҪҹ֤ˣˮʵ
֤˾ͲˣԼͿԸоǸãıúãһӮŮŵ˵
ˮͷҲ㣬Ǹħߣ֪ô׾ħ֮ѪҲħ֮ѪħѪ֪ûа취
һŮˣսħߣҪĻħѪħѪòƾħڵħѪѾˣѵӻΪħŵ
Ů˸оԼ뷨ܻĵͬʱҲеͬĿˮ
㲻ҪңҲˮˡ
ħѪ޷ҲܣǲҪˣﲻ㡣Ůҡҡͷ˵
ǲҲԱ԰ɣгյģĶˣɣӮҪʲô˿Ը㡣ˮ˵
ʲôҲãȻȣǾͱһȰɣ򵥵㣬Ҿ¥ĲѡһˣͿ˭ĺóԣ㿴ôŮЦ
ã
ŮרõĳһȾܴⲻǸʳİڷţ¶У¶ȺͻһЩʳĿԷúܾãʳĶȡʵģʲôġ
طãˮпʲôһﵽһ߶ȵҲˣҲܴﵽֲΡ
ߺܶףÿһѶѰĵߣ;ߡϡӵоС
˵ıʼˣûвУûйڣô˵һ俪ʼͿʼˡ
ˮܶණֺǰһġ
˿
ˮ̶ȵʵǲյҲгȵ˿
ԵھȴֵһģǰǸܴ㣬ʦҪúܶʱϰ
ھݻ𹦺ҪԼʳĵĽṹ״պҪˮͳȥܶϣǲյҲζĶյˮĶǲ˺ܶ࣬رˡ
ˮĳղ˵Ǵ԰ʳĵһõĺܳףԼĶصϡ
ˮѾŵζˣתͷŮһơ
۵ƴʱѾ˽ɫĹ󣬾ӨԲ
ˮ˿ݳ˿ڼҳˣͼĲˣһ˶᳴ҳĻǻյĳҲ˶٣ȻĴܰ˿ĳͨ˺ܴһصġ
ˮȻ˵ˣԼϣرˮɽ
ֶˮζû˵Ǹ֡
ˮζһ֣ȻƵζѹȥѹȥ
ŮˣȻζ㵫һóԣֻһ˵һζܸס˵Ѿʤһο˿Ƶζסˡ
ˮ˵¯ˣܿϨͣ
ŮҲͣ
õĲҵϡŮˮ˵
õԼϣһʦҪԼϡˮЦ˵
˵ζŮ˳ʳ˿ӨףɢĹоȵİţûκ״ȴǺ룬һִĸоһŮ˸о˿ԳκληЩͶػĲȡ
ûƷŮ˸оԼѾˣָоǿңΪζĲȲ᲻óԡ


2395 ˣǮ
ŮĶܲˮҲо治ˮҲŮˣرɽϣ˿ϼֱԳƵˣʵǿ󣬿Դܶʳ
Ʒ˵ʱ˼̲ȶ˲Ȼʼԣһԣֱӳ˲ˣˮҪԵƣŮˮ˿
ˣŮ˺̹ϵ˵
û䣡ˮ˵
˾ˣ԰ִڲ̶ȣķڷŮ˺˵
ϣҪǲſҵҲ̶ȡˮҲ̹ϣϾҶ֪ǰƵϣյһ̶ȣ϶ǲ£˵ʲôġ
ɣΣˣϧ֮ǰ˵ҲΪħѪԵޱȣһģʱģټʱͻˣħѪıԱ仯Ҹо㵹ôġŮ˵
⻰ˮһ㶣ﵹǿˣֻ̨ʱǾͺˣָʱͻἫһУָĻһָǰǸ̨ա
лл㣬첻ˣҵˡˮ档
㣬ǻħŶ𣿡Ů˵
ʱҲ˽ˣǵ֯ħűԵ治ᶯ֣ܿҪ뿪ˣҪȥҵӡˮЦ˵
ף˳ټŮЦŵͷ
ˮͷټЩ͸ɣǸϲյˡ
ˮ͸Ůһѵϡ
Щˮ˵ȱӢۣЩʵġ
һǰĽȷʵе⣬ҲΪʲôֻħûԭɡ
ص¥Ѿ׼ˣҪ׼뿪ʱǱΧסˣܿˮ֪ԭˣΪЩеһˡ
Ǯ࣡
λֵܣּˣãˮЦǮк
ǮڿǺǱˮ޲ðˮһһ˫۾ˮҴң֮ء
ʲôú˵ΪʲôҪҪģ಻гˮʾҼʰ
Ѿʰˣ𣿡˵
ߣס
Ǯ˵һ˵󲮣Ҫ
˸ϸ뿪㿴ô˵
߳ϣݻһɻ֮˫ĿŭȻͣ˵ĸо
󲮣ҪɱɱǮƺԸ⡣
ŶΪʲôҪǸΪǮӦûԣڿϲ̨棬ɣãԼϵʹ˽ҹˮ˵
һǮ൹ǲ˵ˣŵĿˮ·ΪԼˡ
ȴЦˡˣôôиԵ˻ǵһμãʲô˵
ˮҲЦˣ֪ʲô𣬾ϣûʵϣΪ˭𣿡
һ㶣۾һ׹֣ȻǾǶô֪
ΧĿƺһ½˺ܶȣֱڿնһֻ޴ӥһˮ
ˮ΢΢ҡͷ
̫
ˮֱһִ̫
һӰһִĹ켣Ȼ˾ȵĿдߵϡ
ž
߱һƳķ˳ȥ
ˮڵ̫Ǻͱȭںˣ̫ǺˣοˮľҲ߸ߣ£̫һɾߺ⻹ûȫȻԳ鱬ߵԴ
Χš
ɣǮҵôͱһд
߱ˮһݵ˺üţڱðѪģܲңʵⶼƤˣǺ
ҲǱˣһع֮ǰƺе벻֪ôͱˮ˶⡣
ʹֱӱĳ˴ʡ
ˮЦˣ绹еĹԳΪˣأʲô
˵Ҳ֪⻰ܵݣҲ֪ô˵ˣ˵֮ٴɱˮɱӺǮҵǳûˡ
ˮպ«ưȻٴβ˼Ļ֣Ķٴγ֣һ֮ǰˣһһûʣ
һٶ´Ҫ׼һɱġˮ
һͣסӰҲ֪˵ʵԶԶԼһ³һ亹
һѭʲôҪˣ嶯ҪгͷȻ̫ˣҵʱ䣬ǲ⣬ҾԼ֡ˮ˵
۾һ󰵵ֱóһѵԼһֻ첲ȻǮࡣ
󲮣󲮣ҪɱҡǮŵɫҰס
ûɱǮֻ࣬Ҳһ첲Ȼˮ
ˮ̾ߵ˵߰ɣ


2396 ԭǣ
ˮ뿪һ뿪ֱȥ˻
еһҲǿһͱͬҲΪпԿˣҲܿˡ
Ȼǳ൱⣬ӣܽӽ֣˵ڻ类ѹ˶ﾳҲǶҲᱻѹڶ硣
ԭĺܶǿ߶˻һЩصˣڶĴڿڻնɱһЩǿߡ
ǻ֮ԻݺᣬҪңֱһأΪҲܲŻ򣬳ڻԶﵽ޵дڡ
ˮҲǺΪ֪Ϣ֮Ҳסˣʮ磬һʮɫ˵ľԵһˣԵ˻ˮԿԺа˷
֮ˮ˵˻һ·ϵһЩ鷳Ҳ鷳ⶼˣѾ˻
һˮоԼΪƺŨһ£״̬֮·Ȼֻ100000һЩʵǿǶ100000ʵ
ˮ֪òÿģûˣоеƣΪֻܴﵽʵиڻܲãɽļӦûڣȴǺǿֲģԼԿԳΪСǿ
¶бףˮоܵ˵ӦöԼڱ׵ġ
ôģˮҲ֪ﴫ˵廨ţûһȷе˵˵ߵйϵ˵ߵһطΪĳԭ򣬴ˣһһӲĽˣˣߵߵ֮֮ǰΪһƬߣΪ˻Ų֪ʱ䣬ڷĻ
һ˵ʵƵ˼һƬգ·һϾҪĹ
ЩˮоҪҲֻ翴ǰʷαһʱоͦ˼ġ
µʱ䣬ˮߵʵ˲Сı仯ǴһĿռ䣬ϲǺܶ࣬һߵҲۣϾŶӣǧŶӶǺͨ顣
Ѿ߹ʮǳˣ̫ˣһĳǳضصƵ·ȻѼһЩ鱨ǳͶסһõĵط۹һ¡
Ҳһˣʵھݲ˵Ϊ̫Σˣһ㶼ðգȻԼǸؾͺãϾط̫ˣһСǳضǰԼҶ٣ԼǰȥطʵĵطǼʮѡ
ðߵߵ·ܶ࣬ȻðǼ˵Σգÿ첻֪жٵð߶
ˮһʵðûʲôһ·ʵǿ󻹲֪˶ٴˡ
ԭǣ
ֺܷϣˮһ֮ﵽ˻мشһصĳǳأ֮һκλʳģԭǺܴΧźԶĿտɽ
ˮҲǾ⸽ǻɽŻһʱ֮ſǳء
ǳ֪֮ǳصľ޴Ҳ֪ԭǣǻĳǳ֮һ
ɲֱ˵򣬶˵ǳصʵҪ
ԭǲκλʳɼԭǵĶأľǳƺǳʵҲ൱һˡ
֪Щ֮ˮԭͣһͣôһֱڸ·ȻǸ·ҲֻۣǾи·ʱ󲿷żϢһĵ䡣

ͻȻһϤˮŵĻͷԶһǵŮӣŮӴʱŵĿˮϴžϲ

ŮˮЦˣֱ˵ˮסˮ
ѾͷôˮǼǵڱڤɹģǱڤѩһ
ɵһĿˮŮ
˵һ˵ףôˡ￪ĵ˵
ˮ򵥵˵һ£Ȼһ¡
֪ˮŮ֮Ǻܾȣ˺ͱ󣺡Ư
ҲƯǶˡЦ˵
һһһҾ¥Է
ŰһЩ˵Ǳڤɹĸȴȫɣڤѩ֪ǿԶûκƣȫɡ
ʼԼǿʵԼڶ޾ôԭǣԭǴһڤɹֲѾˡ
ˮоʱָʶϣʱˮͻȻƺ󡭡


2397 ԭĺӣմ
Ȼܿģ̫ûˣûӰ츸Ů֮ĸ飬Ȼģˮоġ
ԺһҲ֪һЩΣԭŮһڤɹ㵽һ֮Уʵܲ˲С
˻ԵʲôԵˮûʣȴǴﵽ˺ͱ˲µʵҪǸѱʦǸǿѱʦ
ʵˮȣоˮҲ֪ﶼʲôޣ޵ʵﵽʲôʵ
ˮǰڤɹ
ԭǵĶϷһֵУռƽףǱڤɹԭǵķֲطֻǺСˮԱڤɹ⣬ƺǨƵ
ˮܺ棺ѾͷŪڤɹʲô㣿
̾ʼҲǺ棬ﻢˣҺͱ˶ˣñڤɹԭˡ
ˮ棺ʲô
һӵȢңҲӦҪץңҺ֣Ҳ֣ҲʲôҲòңҲûֵ飬ԭǵܺãʱĻ鷳֪Ҳˡ
ˮɫѾͷĳˣˮʣʱЦôѾͷϲˡ
ѵõе㲻˼ҡҡͷûУֻǸо˻ʵǿûʲôҲûгףԭǷųڻҳɻ֮ǰס
Ҳǣû˵㲻ȢлҿѰѹغòãˮЦ˵
ˮô˵Ҳĸףν֪ŮĪˮǿһЩľӦеϲǸˣ׵һһֶ˫ͬĿ顣
ã֪ͨЦ˵
ˮһЦˣѾͷĻеˮֵģ˵ɣǵʲô̶ˣԼѾͷˡ
һ˲ıˮĸ첲ѣʲô̶ҲûҪҺúÿѰѹأġ
ã㲻õġˮĵЦˡ
ˮŮѾˣرѶѾףڻѾΪĸˣ֮ʣҲˣ治ҸŵԵġ
̫ˣͬģ϶ȲɫǲѷɫŮͼϵŮӣﱳļҲңҲˡ
߽ڤɹﵹǲûĵذ壬һȾ붼ŮӣӸߵͶУҲг
һ·ﶼһ
ȻʲôҲʲôг˷ҷԶһƬĻ԰ζǴﴫġ
ԭûħšˮ뵽⻹ûء
ûУʵӣûħźħšҲûֱ˵
Ҳʡˮȥ̽ħϢˣʹһºˣҪԭǳҵĻԼҲҪǴ򽻵Էʲôˡ
ڤɹȻͳе룬˵ǸҵСӾӦòԶΪʱˮͼӡ
ӺᣬӦòˮСʲôӦò£ʵˮڿҲˣϵЩȷʵʵʵҪܶܶࡣ
˺Ӣߺˮ࣬峺һܸɾӣɾһʣˮоӺԼеƣǸоǸоϤ·𿴵Լһһ
մҸסӽܵ
մһ㶣ܿعæ𾴵˵ãᡣ
ˮЦˣ˵Ҳã˵㡣
ھˣˮﻹմ˾ںԺͤ
մʵ£˵Ǹһ㣬ʩչ˭ǿͲ˵ˣ˵ѱʦ
˵ŮˮЦ˵
廹ǽմɣСҲãôܱմæ˵
ôнʲô˵ʲôˮֱӺĿմǿϢֱѹƵմһ亹
մڲ𾪣֮ǰΪĸ׾һˣȻǸأĵأǺܽţһӼĽš
ԼȻˣֻƾѹǻоĸҲһǿˡ
壬ȢΪޣϣܴӦմܿƽ֪ʱҪӭжϣȻпܻûһϣ
Ҳ֪ʲôʸϲŮ˵ˮջһЩϵɫȴûЦȻ֮ǰ˵һЩСžš
СžŲʲôܵ˵ˮ覲褣Ըоǵ㲦һ»бҪġ


2398 飬ռҼ
ʱմﻹǺܵĵģԼ˼оǰ˸ܳˣȻҲô̬ת䣬ϰ£ϲϲûﲻ֪᲻
մصˮ⻹Ǻܽģ֪ǰ˵ʲôƻʵ䷴Լʲô棬ﳤ̣ܶˮ˵ҺϲΪǿӦÿԣʲôˣǻˣûŮˣֻӵһӣһŬֻҪһžͲһί
ˮմʲô֤ǻˣʲôʸ񱣻ˮմ
մ֪Լʵˮ˺ܶܶ࣬һжѣֶﲢоôľɥ
ҵ㲻ʲôǲǸоͲˮ˵
ˮĹ۲еģմһ˿𾪼˵뷨ԶһоԼǸţʵ̫ˣ˵ŮСʮɣǿܶ࣬ȵ˦ʮûκ⡣
ˮʵ
մȻҲ֪ʳ٣ϲŮˣûκμʣоԼĸеԼоԼʱ
ǰҡ
մһ亹꣬ƺоȢﲻôˣڵʵʱʵǰԭҲܳΪһǿߣȴǱ˵һǴ
Ҵ㣬ŶȻûϽģµģҵŮ޸һҵŮɣҲ޸һһͨ±µ΢һǿģҲΪǷʵ˵Уǿһ̬Ǹˮ˵ջѹ
ףվˮߡ
ѾͷҲСˣɼҲᷴԣֻҪϲҶ֧֡ˮЦ˵
ҼȻøװѹˣͻ׵ģմʱ̬еиˣҪٸ᣿˵
ˮ֮˵ôʵǵģ˵ͷҿԸᡣ
ǰ˵մ˵
Ҹµʱ䣬ϣĵزˮ˵
ˮ̵ʱҲһѧġ
մҲǴ֮ˣȻ֪ˮ⣬֪ǷԣȻԼ˵ô࣬Լڻᣬȴ֪ԲС񼶵һ뵽ͼʲôôֱۡ
֪һжΪˣմоԼǰĸ֪ԼҪŬҪ⣬Ǹ˲ѪҲϣԼվ۷壬ӵʵ̫࣬ҲоеǸҲ
մ뿪ˣ
ˮЦſ
ллף￪ĵ˵
ҿСӲôôҲǿŮˮЦ˵
е㲻˼ЦЦ
˵һЩҲ֪մǳռҵеӵܣϰˣռҲǺӵܣǳӣռҵĵϵ
ռԭǵĳҲԭʵǿĴڣΪռڣڶǸĴڣڶû֣ҲΪʲôռҿ۰ԭǵԭ


λԭǵλҲмλãԭɽռҾɽһ޴ΰĳ
ռҾԭǵˣռ˶ռ˺ֻܶ࣬Ǳҵϵ˾ͺܶ࣬ҲռǿɣǰȱʲôҲ˶ȻԽԽã˲ŵļʴҲס
մʱһ鷿š
ϵ
䣬дԡ
մƿţ߽鷿鷿ܴ󣬳нףϵ飬ſڲԶһ׺ܴΣʱһŵںڿ顣
ףմ˵
ɣҿҪ˵̧ͷմ˵
ǸףĸԭˡմЦЦ˵
Ůѵĸףţ̸ôҪҪҸ涩Ż¡ЦſԼӣĶȻǿģϲģܿԼĵ̫ˣҲֻӿסԼıģڻǿģܴռҸһ¥һӡ
ףȥĸ׺ܲ򵥣ֻƾѹҶáմ˵
ԭʵѹ˶ֻѹܽմѹƵĶõֶֻĹ˾ޱȣܾȣϵɫҲȽࣺߣȥݷһδȥ
ףְɣմԥһ˵
ģỵ顣ˬʵЦ


2399 ɾս
ˮûڱڤɹţһڱڤɹԶׯ԰סҲǱڤɹׯ԰ֻûס
һ˵֮󿴵ܸɾǰԺӣʮСͥԺÿСͥԺ¥Ժʻˮغͤ
ͥԺ㲻϶ôߵҲˮסĵطûޣͱסһСԺ
ҲˣϪһСԺġ
Ҳס£ٽˮСׯԺ
ʰһУˮ̧ͷԶһֻ޴ٶȺܿ죬ˮиմʱ֪ʲôˣҲ֮С
ˮֻɫľһͷѪӦǴ֣ǻǴֻҲǿСģֻĻӦ
ˣϾ壬ֵĻѾѵˣϾʲôģ治Ƕôǿ
ˮеǷʥڣǿˮʶֻһǿޣȻǶһˮġ
ˮվѾܵǰ˵Ϣǿ󣬻һ˷ܣѾ֪˵ݣԭǵĳǸţԭɾֿǼ
ˮϲͷˣԷƺû˼ˮֱת򷿼ȥûм棬ʱһûһˡ
ɾ뿴ˮʲôӦģû뵽ȴǰԼˡ
մ֮ǰմģȴǱɾֹˣֻܿЦҲ
ߵׯ԰ſڣûûκͣٵ˽ɾ
ʲôɾͿôլ𣬲֪溰𣿡˳û˵
֮ǰȻˣⲻʲôСȻȻҲ
úãиԣϲֻܰܳˡɾǺЦ
ţǣôе죬֮ǰм𣿡ˮ߳ȵ˵
ɾĿһͷӦü
ˮҲͷǾǼˣҾ˵ôо죬ʲôģ
ɾɾЦøˡ
壬Բ𣬸ղšմʱ˵
Բˣˮʵ
ȥȾƣҽþƣпڸˡɾմֱ§ˮļԱߵʯȥ
ˮûзɾǸ죬ӦǸŵˣҲǣԭǵĳţ˭š
ʵ100000綴۷塣
ˮɾˮʱɾҲڿˮֿ͸͸㿴ҡҡͷҷֿǳ
ΪʲôҪҵǳˮЦ˵
ȺȾƣԭǵزҲֻռҲеģɾóһҲô۵̳ӣʮ̳ӡ
ֵǰֻǲ֪ǲһˮЦ˵
Ծ֪ˣ
ɾ룬ÿһ롣һԵ
ˮЦˣƱһȻֱӺ˸⡣
ƾһŻһһ˳ֱӵθɸоȼգȴǴ㣬һ˵ĸоʵǿȻǲʲôģһ˺һҪˡ
̵ĸо䵭֮ǰѾʧȡķ˵
þƣˮϵ޵
þưɣⶫ̫ˣҶúȣҲǴϵܵӺһЩɾҲ˵Ȼٸ˶һ
ľΪʲôҪİ˵ӡ
ⲻΪǸôҪ춨ɾˮ˵
һ˽ռңҿɲôεİŮ޹ȥˮڰЦ˵
ɾһ㶣ˮռң
Ҳῴκˣ·ߵһؤҲûп𡣡ˮЦſɾ
㻹ǵһռҺؤȡɾںƽ
ؤҲˣ˭ͣôճؤռˣˮӭɾĿЦЦƽûκεĲ
ʵûκ˼оأ˵û˭ᣬιؤʲôؤһһã̸ʲôһԹ𣿡ɾˮ˵
ǰΪʲô֮ǰҪ˵ҿռңⲻһ𣿡ˮЦˡ
ɾһ㶣˸Լҭһ¡
֪Ҫô˽ռңɾʵ
Ҫʱ䣬˵վüģԺȻ˽ˡˮʵѾŵй۲ռˣ嵽ô
Ҫ˽˽ҵʵôɾˮлһսĿ
ʵô˵ʵûʲôȤˮɾҡҡͷЦ
սɾƽ˵ûΪˮĻеġ


2400 ƵɾҲʮ
մ֪ĸ׺öҲ뵽ȴûа취ֹ
ˮɾЦö˲ǶԼžһϲȱǿĸоķʽԼĵ٣һ
ϲǸǸô㲻ҺҴ򣿡ɾ˵
ΪʲôҪ򣿡ˮʵ
Щ鲻ҪɣҲҪΪʲôȻ̫鷳ɾЦ
Ǹȱپˣ˵ȱٵµߵˣ˲áˮüɾ̫ˣҲϾԭλϣûԸŲ
ɾüеߣɱ޹Ǵ飬ȻҲߵڡ
˲˻ǧ꣬ܶ໵˶ʵǴҲãҲգʵô档ˮ˵
һɣǵкôôֲȶɾٴ˵
ȻһٵһΣǾʹһΰɣ̫ϣ㲻Ҫˮ˵
Կ䣬ڻҵ̫ˣҶоɾŵ˵
ûǿߣˣְɣˮɾվڿС
Ȱɣǿˡɾ˵
ˮҲûп뿴ԼĻ֮ǲǻãֱһ֮˹ȥ
ˣ
ˮŶԷʵûκεĻָ˵һ120000ʵ˱ѹƵ100000֮80000ʱ֮ǰ20000᲻ͷų
ˮ⣬ûУûлָѹ֪100000Ǿֻ100000ǱҲûпͷŵ
ɾˮɵʵһ£ˮ֪ԼõʱҲͲñˣֱһȭɾȥ
ɾƣ
ɾˮһȭִƮݵһơ
ˮȭעظͣҲûдﵽ100000ֻ10000ڵɾҪǿôһЩ
ɾ
ɾĲ£ˮǿսɾԭǵĳʵȻǵ֮һսˮͷɾʵǺǿġ
ԡ
˫ϵײٶ죬ӲӲľôһʱﵽǧΣ˿вϵı·һ
ˮȻûɱﵣԷƺҲûС
ˮͻȻ¶һ˿ЦݣܵɾԼһȭ˿ɣټɽĹˮûκεв
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ԣ
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ɾɵˣʲôȭ޴ɷţԼǿٶƺֵһᡣ
ɾˮҲһʹͨˮܶܶٶȡ
еֻҪˮʵٶȺͶԷ¾ʹá

ԡ
ӹӡ
ԡ
ˮһһѣȻһȭżɽʽ·
Ӹӡ
һɾˣʩչɾˮϣȴ֮ˮû˺Ҫ֪һǺǿģȻʵƣɾֱ˺ʵû̫Ӱ졣
Ĺ޷˺
Ӹӡˮܵ˺ٴμ٣ɽʵɾĹˮڵķ;޷ʲô˺ͷ·һ˱ؿڴһȭֻǸо΢΢ʹʱҲȫû£ĹˮԷҲˡ
֣
ˮôһֱ˺ܾãɾԼȻѾûл֮ˣһֱˮɳһ
ˮƿһֱ˺ܾò˵û˼ǻǱˡ
ɾᣬû˺ʲôĵǸģԼһֱڰ򣬴򲻴һ˵ġ
˵㲻Ҷ֣㲻ˮЦ˵
ɾɫеΣֱͻȻ˶һ
ʮ
ʮʮǽɫġ
Ҳףʮô䣬ҪʮҾķˣҪʮٴһΡɾ˵
ˮɾҪǲ֪ԼĶһޱȵıҲΪˣֱӽĶչֳ
ʮʮǽɫģɾĶҪ˲ֹһš
ˮʮɫȫɾǸȥˡ
֮ǰɾʮޱȵģϾʮǧ겻һĴڣʮȴûκιʣˮʮһԵôĺᡭ
ɾɿޱȵĿˮôģ
ʵˮҲܾȣϾʮôûĻԵǲܳΪʮġ


2401 ɣ̵
ˮû˵ԼôģΪЩǲ˵ģʮȥ
ɾˣʵİˣ˭ܿǳ׵İˣûκεɾǼǿģˮĳܵ˲СĴ˭Ҳоܴ
մ˫۷Ź⣬ˮĳָһոµĴţֹܵ󣬺þ֮عƺͨ˺öණ
ǼʶһθֹУܴܵϣԸıһ
ɾɬЦЦЦܲˣϾԭǵĳԼĳǳгǿߣвռҵĵλû뷨Ҳǲܵġ
˿ޱӰɣˮɾЦ
ɾʵӹɵģʮ߲ʲôֻҪﵽʮеţĳɾһϾǸʮԾ񾳵ǿ
ȻԭǴﲻ񾳵ġ
ǵǣֻҲָ֪ܻԭҸоԼǿģҵĴûû뵽˱˵
ˣҪʵҸһţǿĺܶ࣬ϵԼǻʣһ̳ǺȥˮЦ˵
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ռԭǵİҲǣˮĳ֪ռҺԼ̫㵱ǰˣͱԼԼʵ˿δѾܾˣΪԼѾﵽ۷ˣսѣҪԵ
ˮŷֲô࣬ڱܴҲȼڵս⡣
һ˫ûմĻ£ˮĿѾﵽˣմʱ仹硣
ˮߺƽûκεĶǰһռȴǲһˮһռ˵Ǹ¡
ɾһصռֱȥүүռҵǿڣԭ˵ɡ
־֪ǸʲôĴڣɣƺſɲ˭õġ
үү
ռҵһŰߵֱͨȥ˺ٺ٣ֻүӵļֱϵʱڴȭܻǰٴ̫һֻ˸оûκβ֮оȭá
ţôʱˡ˲ûֻͣ˵
һˣǰûл֮Ӧ߲ʮغϡɾֱ˵е㲻˼оˮҪɱĻغϡ
Ȼס֣ԼʲôʵʮغϴԼӣҲʮҲֲʤϾڻ򣬴ҶǱѹͬһʵƴǵ̺ͳ滹оȫĳɡ
ȷںҿЦĿɾ
ȷҸպ̫ˡɾǷϵ˵
Ҳôˣ˾ͦšֱ˵
ǣүүɾͦš
ˣ˵˵˭ɣӦҲ˽ˡ˵ǺܳסǲɾĻôͣʲôûмԭǿɻԼˡ
ɾĻûоôĽܲˣһóΪѣҲܳΪˡ
ϲһŮӽ֪𣿡ɾ˵
ţ֪ʹһأĪǺйϵ˺ʵ
ĸסɾ˵
΢΢һ㶣ɫԥһµȴЦˣǸ£ǲڻģһȥԲõԭǣһҪպᣬʲôص¡
ɾȻ֪˵˼Цŵͷףүү
Ϊôʵ
ȻӴʱ䲻Ҹо˺ּ˵ˣΪ񣬾ܸߣûаܺദɾ˵
֪ԭʲô𣿡
˵·Ϊһʱ䣬ʹһ顣
ʲô飬ôŬɣŬ֣ص˵
ɾȻҲףﲻһˣԺմΪޣǾմиޱǿĸףһǿĿɽմԺռҸһ¥
ооȭʱ䶼ǽ̵Ͼʱɾʱ䶼
մûҲˮѧϰˮûзԣմܼˮûмͷԼ˺ܴı仯ǸָһµԼʮ꣬˵ţԲʦͽ


2402 ǣң
֪µʱѾȥˣµʱ䷢˲ٵ飬ˮȥռΣռȻҲˮΡ
մͨ˿飬ȻˮӦˣʵһʼˮҲʹӦˣҲˣϧֻˮˣû̫Զˣ˵ûôིˮĲٻǻصҲġ
ʲôĺ˳Ҳ˳ˣԺ·һܿ
ˣˮҲ뿪ˣϾˣһվȥǣǡ
ǻ֮һҲĳǣԭǻҪǿӵӣˮȥΪħź
һ뿪ˮֱʹ˴ԭиռҵģֱӵǡ
߹ȥҪʱҲ࣬ˮоһβˣһ·ҲˣڻǶһЩ·Ҳûʲô˼ˡ
ǣ
ˮһ˴ӻ˳˿أǿش󣬲˶ҪһЩĲΪãϾҪĥģҪʯ
ʯҲоˣеһᾧ
Ǯ˳ӵдڻҲѰ֮ǰռȻǸǱңǻǵĶʵ֮һ
˴ɴֻǲһЩҪ鷳ջˮŮɫԻ鷳ϡ
ǰЩС̯ӣȥԵ㶫·ߵĶóԵģҲһطɫˮ߳һн߶ǳε̯ӣһһͷ
ζ磬˺ܶ࣬еӣȴ˸оܲЩС̯ڣϵ˲ϵ߹ͣһ£ԼڣǱͣһ³Լڡ
Ȼûˮͷ˽ȥ
ζȷʵˮӵõϺͳգЩͱǰһǼķ˺С֮ġ
䶹
ˮ䶹һ㶣Լӣû뵽ﻹ䶹Өɢ㻹һ˿㡣Χźܶˣÿ˻ϳһ뿪ٺóҲܳԱоĶ֪óԵ̫ˣҪԼ
һֵˮһˣÿһһЩǮһᶼͳԵ䶹
治˶Թˮӣӻǲ˲٣ˮĶλȽϵı׼Ȼûʲô˼ˣ䶹Ѿܺˡ
˺óһξ룬˲ٶ·һ̯λʱûʲôˣ̯λˣһһккиԴԴΪ̫ˡ
кŰ˾꣬һըĶһ࣬ζУûż˳˼ھˣ˵ϼѳԣõľˣеĻҪǮ
˼ңһݡˮЦ˵
˵俴ҲǺСˣˮĶóԡ
ŶôóԷζҲ԰ˮʵ
ζûϧȱһֵϣζܹ̹֡ϵ˵
ΪʲôҪأˮӲˡ
ûа취ΪгԵģܻȥ˿Ск
ܿ춫ˣֶеȴǳŵǸͷˮһڽں㣬Ǻܿһɿζ⻹㻹һζζıζҪǿҡ
ˮڵϾ֪еԭ򣬵Ȼ֮ǰҲ˵ˣȱһζϵԭ
ЩȱһζϿɲײģˮ浹еĵã԰ȫֻǲȷǲ֮ǰһζ
ˮɫƽ˵˼ңм밬ѡ
ɫһ㶣˺һᣬˮ˵ʲôʱ롣
ڰ˵ϵʱμ룬ÿ֮һʱ䡣ˮ˵
ΧһһЩѻȥ
ܿζƮƺ֮ǰζŨˣŨ㣬֮Ŀ
һˮȳԣˮҲûпһۣζ֮ǰ䶹ҲǲѶá
ܼҲˣˮһοǰĴæȻ޷ȥˣվͲˡ
ôæôл㡣ܼ
˼ҿˣ֮Ͳô⡣ˮܰﵽҲǺܿġ
ǿ˺СоܰȻĵģǶõİˣǮʲôĶ㡰
ˮϵӣЦ˵Ǹˣȵȣи͸㣬汲µһС⣬֪ܲܿϣҲòĶˡ
˼ҲҰ㲢Ϊرʲô˭ѵʱ򣬻Ӧõġˮæֹ
ʲôĶûãӵһ⣬°ɡóһ޻ʯͷми㷢ĹΣȡ
ˮűеʯͷ΢΢һ㶡


2403 ʯ֮սż
ˮõȵʯͷ֮סˣ֪ôˡ
ʯ
Ч޲һЩĶ
ô򵥣ˮ뵽ľԼ֮սż֮սż𻵵ģȻãܷӳȫʵӵĲʮ֮һͲˡ
ˮôά֮սż벻취лʦûнӴˮƽĻʦԺȥһʦ
û뵽ȴˮޱȡ
˼ңһЩĶҪˮû
ЦˣϲҺܿģãⶫһֱůֵģⶫȡů
˼ҿɲȥҿˮЦ˵
һ㶿ˮͷãԶ̫ªˡ
ˮЦЦ˾ţСкҲһȥ˵ļҡ
˵Ǽң˵һ̵Ĵأܼ򵥣ңûʲôˣҲҲ
˼ңҩ͸㣬ԸӵҲ첻ô䡣ˮó𵤡
ˮеɻ
˼ңģҶûж⣬Ǹʯͷôů֡ˮڰԼǲĵġ
Цˣ˵жҲţһС
ֱӽ𵤳ȥ
һηëϴ裬˷·ʮ꣬ؼڸоòľﵽ˶һЩ򵥵ѧҲеʶˡ
֪ˣӭͷҪݵ
ȻҪʦһָл
ˮæסûȥЦ˼ʹãҪҵٰ
Ҳ֪ⵤҩô֪͸á˺ڵ˵
˼ҲõͻСͦһʱ䣬һһЩһһׯ԰ʱһҽˮǸСкһ㣬ˮıֻϣеĻϿ
ллллͷлͷСк˵
СкǸɴϹ£ллʦ
ûʦͽԵ֣ʱѧٿ컯ˣҪıҪѧϰҽĶˮЦСкԴ
лʦ֪ҲʸͽܣʦСк˵
ãɣǾ컯ɣˮСһܻ顣
ˮֱѹСкͷٻ㣬˸ŵĹඥһЩСкУ̫Ρȶ
Щǻඥһ־һǹԷеӡǣ·ԼٱһǾԵ컯
ඥҪܸߣҶʩչඥĴһ㶼ǹඥĶ
ҪŬЩˮ뿪˵
һġ
ˮСкص֮ǰĵطһڸׯ԰ֻҪǮ࣬ʲô򵽣ȻǮɲǽһж絤ҩ߰ٵȡ
ˮɾҲûͿʼŪǸʯ
ߵ֮սżˮеʯȻŵ֮սżС
һɫĹˮȵǣʯһ֮ͷ֮սż۾ͱˣͷ·ʯǶһ
ˮٿ֮սżۣ֮ǰҲ۾ģʯǶȥ֮Żᷢڵ۲Žǿ
ˮ֪Ϊʲô̲סֱͨȥ
֮սż
սż𻵣޲ĿǰԴﵽ100000ʵ
ʶݣ
ȡʮξѪֱͻС̨񸮡
֮ǰ֮սż60000һʯֱӴ1000000֮սżܻյĵӰ죬󷨺ս⻷ĸ
ڻ֮սżѾΪ۷ʵʲôҲûˣ˵Ļǿø
ˮҲǸпڵ֮սżԶԶĳԼˣڻ֮սżԼĸ¿Դﵽ200000ʵʵжֲ
ʯˮ֮սżһֻ۾Ȼ󿴿֮սżط֪Ҫʲô֮ܰսż޸ɣʱ֮սżǶôֲʵ
֮սżˮֹȥһʶ֮սżͷ·ˮһֻ֣ԼһԲĲݡ
ˮڵʵҲˣԾɾ֮սż֣һˮҲ𾪣֮սżĿֲˣ¶գޱȣǴСǿ
һսˮ֮սżĶλ
ⶫ־ڻǺɨһƬ
ڶˮѾȥ̯ˣСкȴվˮſڣˮ󹧾Ľеʦ
ˮЦЦԴ˾Сӣ·ϴϴ裬ǸСһ˫۾ܻ顣
ߣһȥȭˮͷſտĴԺȥ


2404 ͬĹ̨յϢ
һˮˣʱ˽ţеҲ˲ٵĻǵǺͱĵطһΪԼˡ
طԭĴҲû˻ٱûеġ
ħڻеģҺǿļ֮һõһˮϢ̨պпܾΪħǰʱǱϲˡ
ܺϲħŵĴڣһڻǣˮѾԿ϶̨յˡ
ˮȥ̨գаսʤκˣȻҪȥɱ̨գǸŮѾúİˣˮ֪ܻܲļ䡣
ޣǰֻѾǰǸˣеħѾһЩı䣬ħѪԵޱȣˮ֪ôԻ⡣
ˮóͬĹ
ʺĹӣΣˮһֱţõĹӣоⱲԶõΪмͬĹõһŮ˵İõһŮˡ
ͬĹ֪᲻ϣͬĹӰ˵κΣֻǻʹõͬĹ˰ϵĶԷ
ˮͬĹļ䣬ܻļ䣬ôͬĹΪ󺦣Ϊ˫ᰮԷûǵİͻһ̨ǨˮΪˮ뿪ħš
иˮΪ̨ղϧһУħš
ˮͬĹⶫ᲻ôԵ֪ʹãʵû˾ԣо̨ռĿԻǺܴġ
ŵҵˮ
ŵ㣬ɣǲл˵ˮŵ¡
ѾˣħסǰѾսһΣˡŵ˵
ˮüһ˵֪ˣ
Թ緹ˮһ뿪ˣűȥﻹǺԶģϾǻǺܴģÿԼĵԼĵ
ûжãˮѾ
˵صɽϣɽɽڻһһֻɽϣϴϣڲͬһΡ
ɽҵȪĵطͿԳΪŽ֮ء
һɽغܴɽޱȣͷ·Ǹԭ֮أɼɽôĹ
ĽҲǸߴ󣬵¥ڹʽġ
ɫӣǴʱһѹ֣ˮվԶܵѹ֡
ŵĸˣ˺꣬ͻȻֵˮæסʲôˣк£
վǸˣǿ׳ͣһ˫۾ܴţһ
ǵģǸҽʦˮ˵
ǵκˣذɡֱ˵
Ǹս񣬿κһסħţȥ˵һˮֱ˵
Ҫ˵ʲôʱǸеʵЦԵȣȥͨһ¡
ˮûеȶ֮ǰ˻ˣˣ滹ˣһߣް߰ףĿǣһʣ˺øС
ʣӣһ㣬ʶأƺһһսףһɫӡ
˶ս
߿ˮüͷ΢΢һ壬Է̫ˡ
ôƺ΢Ц˵ܵˮսϢֻҪսôҳ϶ûġ
ħ֮ѳڼ飬ħڼ飬ϢͲУǴдӡǵģѵĴۺܲأܵеķɣϵ
ҽˮǲˣҶҽ֪ˣˮ˵
үӵеأ֪Ϊʲôħû׷ɱ𣬾Ϊûˡ߶ˮĻἤʲô
ֻҪڻţҾͿָˮŵ˵
֪ǲǺţ޷ӦҲ˲ҽʦˣһǸսӦûɣˮҲûе˵
ҽׯףװᴩɫǳ·棬һԶս׵Ŵ߸ˮܡ
ˮ֣ã
Ҳ֣һһȥһ·ٵս񣬶սˮ֮ǰĶҪǿ˲٣ˮߵһЩսҲˣЩ󲿷Ҫǿ١
һߵſڣͿһҩ뿪߱̾ǸüչӣһĻɫӣϢıˡ
̫ףͰҽһ˵
ãæɣԼͿˡ˰ڰֱҩ뿪
ʱ˿ׯ˵壬Щҽʦûа취ܲ
˵Σ԰ɣׯ˵
˿ˮͷ


2405 ʥɲݣȥħ
ˮ˽ȥǸܿĴʩһеҲ򵥣йɵҩζ滹һСҩζǴ洫ġ
ˣ˱߱߿
޷ȿ˵ɣˮһ䣬ȴŵǱ̨մġ
߽ȥСҲСֻǱС˺ܶ࣬ʮˣˣѾ֮ʣÿ˶ܳʹ
˴ˮ˽
λǣһ߹˵
ɩӣǸҽʦһǸսϣε˰ˮܸˡ
ã鷳ˡ˹˵
˲ؿȿˮ˵ߵߣϵˣ˿Ѿ΢ϣڰˣʱɫ԰ףѾˡ
ˮֱʹ꣬ûҽ˳Ų죬ʱпȥ
ƺأǱĺأڲǿĹƻأһҽʦǿĵҩҲǸ⣬ΪûǸҩˡ
ٺõĵҩ׹ǻʲôģһԴֿܺ಻ûУȥʱ䲻ܳһʱһо˵ҩҲҪһ
ȻΪʲô˵Щ֮޽ҲȲˣ
ھڲƻ޷ҩʲôģҩʦҽʦҲ޲ߡ
ܰţҪ治ˣˣ޷ȥ
һᣬˮջ֣ʱϵ˵˹ӵ˵Цˣˮûκ顣
ˣоôæ˵
ΧҲǼʵ
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һΧٴλˣ˿ˮҽ쿴ƣû£
ˮЦЦ˵ΣҪʱ䣬⻹Ҫһζҩġ
ģ˵Ҫʲôȥҡæ˵
ʥɲݡˮ˵
ʲôУôҵʳ˵ʡ
Ȼ󣬵Ǻ٣ǵлһЩҩأܲ򵽲˵Ƕ󣬲ϵȴǺ٣֪ǺöֻҪӦòѸ㵽ˮ˵
ˮôһ˵˶ͷˣȥʥɲݡ
ˮҪʥɲݲΪ˸ãƾԼҽɾ֮֮ȪƣЩ黹ҪӣҪʥɲݣǸһҲΪ
ˮʼƵѨصҽһ٣ֻһ˵ԭʹҽΡ
ȡһ֮ȪһƬ֮ܽõ£ǿָ֮塣
ƣˮҲһʱʱκõģҪһʱ䣬ⲻˮҽˣҲɣοûɡ
һƣԺ˺ܶ࣬񶼺ˣҪǲôˡ
Ƶ
Сֵܣҽ£㺰ƾͿˡ˺ܺˬڸҩˮ˵
ҽϸɡ
úãϵҽǴﵽ˵زˣиҽʦǸ˵Ҳβá¸п˵
ˣϸ磬Ǹ֪ǵսˮ˵
ħһֱƽģȻСĦϣûдֹ˭֪¶ԷһһЩħǺǿֱӿħţ֮ǰȻԸΪ£ȻֱӴʵǿڻģҲʵǺȴǲ˺ܶ࣬ƻֲܿ
ΪʲôסأˮµĻ̨֪ҪҲǲܣ֮ͻȻȴǴ뿪ˣˮܺ档
Ҳֻ֪֪Լеǰѽһ¡»һ˵
ˮ֪ǰѽԼġ
ﲻÿ춼ȥȥһλǱģ뿪ˮֱȥħʵڻǲκˣȥ̨գһҪȥ
ħŵľ벻ˮ˵ԶԲöѾħţħͬҲɽϡ
ħŵĽͬׯ԰޽ݻĽ̨ͤ¥󣬻ľɽˮ¥̨ӦоУԶԶȥһƬ޴Ļʹһ
ԽǿħţˮԽǼһ뵽̨ոʶԼеܣΪ׷ʮʮʮ꣬ǿྡȻûм޸ԼҲȫȷ˹ϵֻǲͶˡ
û뵽ȴǵϴηֿǺþˣ˻ˣˮ֪ڵӺϴοǲһ


2406 ޣ
ˮվڿУħţѾվ˺ܾˣû˷ʱˣú
ħ
ˮħŵκεطˮһʱˣǵ治˴ʱ˿еˮ
СҺҽУ˵žһ˳ˮ
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˭Ϊʲôٴδ󳳴֣ܼġ˿ܵ˾ûȥֻ󺰡
ҪҾͰħƽˡˮ˵
Сӣ֪ߵغ񡣡һ׺ߴʱԶˮ
Ǻ곤ϣСӽҪˣ֪ߵغ񡣡һ˿곤ȥսˮĵĴ󺰵
أ
һ棬ˮֱٴһŰѺ곤ϸȥ
֮ǰˮȥһ֣ϾǸ˵ʵУڿǺ곤ϣħŵĳϣħһħôһһУʲôʵ
һŰѺܶ˶ˣøĲħͣΪǱ곤Ҳǿʲôе곤ϣȥѿ
˭ʲô飿һ˳
˾֮ǰĵǺӰħһ£ڰӰ٣ٶȿ죬ɱֶκǿʱˮȥ
˼ң㲻Ҷ֣Ȼǻˣڻº֡ˮ˿ڡ
ô֪˵ӰѾʧˡ
ˮ˫һֱӶһ˱ˮķëϢȣֱΣȻٴʧˮǿ׾ٵҵڵλá
֪ˮЩһθɴ಻ʧˣֱˮȥٶȿ磬˲͵
ˮͨ˵ٶѾ˺ܶˣȭսһ
ԡ
дܼײˮٶȺ˲£˫Կ죬Ҳǲ£ڻǣﵽ100000˻һЩģЩĶ⼸˶ʵ
ˮȻֻ90000Ҳɵֵ̫ͨۡȭĳɷ֣һʱ˵ǱˮĲϺˣֻмܡ
ˮĹ裬ֻмܣǿмܣӰϵĺˣˮš
ܶ˶򶷵Ķ˭ڲϵĺˡ
ȻˣЩ֪˵Ķ֣ǲţʲôˣڻҲǶڣڻǾܴҲָҲҲܴġ
ȴЩ޷ܣڵǸħŮԺɵĴ˰ƣмܿȴǺһ
أ
ˮһӡĿڣ˴˳ȥ㲻Ҷ֣ɣ
֪ԷѾˣȻֻˣҲˣԴǻġ
ʱһȴޱŵʲôʱһˡ
ˮ˵ϤϤ̧ͷԶŮˣ̤նУӱˣ֮ǰһķ˿ٴα˺ɫں·һϮѩ׵սȹ̤ӣ˭뵽ħħħѪħ
㷢ţǰޣüͣղʩɫ糯ϼӳѩɽŮգ˯һ
ɫһѩ׵βסߣ絶ǰĻľĶǣأ޳Ľ񣬷һ˲µʣˮɿŮˣ䣬һĹ°
þûĸоˣˮԼٴĸо
ΪɲˣˮԼʵչٶȾԹ죬Ůǰûκεơ
գˣѵûм˭ˮϢЩȡ
̨տˮƽ˵ˮҴ̹һҲʶ㣬Ϊʲôң
ˮһУ˵ʲǫ̂ٴ˵ǰ˵ЩҪ˵ˣڲʶ㣬ʧҲãûлָҲĹ¡
ˮЦˣǸɲ뿪Щ˵
̨տˮһͷ
ʱˮһƺ˺ܶ࣬ʱƺرѪ飬ƺһЩʱһԼҲ˵׼
ʲô飿һտĵطﻹɽһǻɽֻеֲɽ粻Ǻܴ󣬵ҲС̨շ˿ƮƮվ뷲ӡ
ˮĲһ
̨տˮǸӵɫ֪ˮ˵ĻģԼӣǲͷ·һ㲻ʶ˳ǰ˵ķӡ


2407 ޲ߵˮŮˡ
ˮڿ̨գԼʲô飬һжԼ𣬿ʶԼԼƾʲô˵˵ˣӪˣһҲǺ顣
ħŵɡˮԼƽ
ʲô𣿡̨ʵ
ˮ벻Ŀǰ黹ǵö٣
̨ûлشˮüʲô飿
㻰㻹ǵǰ飿ˮü
ˮͳе̨һ㶣û˸ҺԼ˵ܲӦǺÿĶͷûʲô飬ˣУԺҪң´һ㶯ֵġ
̨յɫ䣬˪
ˮЦˣЦſˣѵ㶼Ҷ֣ϴδҵһѵˣ㿴ڳʲôˣôӡ
̨޶ԣĿˮƺٿһɵˡ
ˮںܲˬܣо仰˵ģŮվǰȴ֪㰮ңԶľ롭
ˣҽһ˵ɵΪʲôҿ԰ʵ֡ˮɤӶеơ
ħź֮˲Ϊ棬ôΪʲôôΪʲǫ̂˵Ϊʲôƺеã
ɣǴһ˾ͻصߣҵĺֱָ䡣ˮ˵
Ӯҵġ̨ҡҡͷɢǿš
ˮƣŮ˰ѹԼĺԼһеļ䶼ʧˣǵԼԼйϵҲǵˡ
ô֪ˮĿ
ܴӮңȻɱң÷ô𡣡̨տˮ˵
ǰԵģҵŮˣڱٻҶ˺㣬ͬĹʵֻҪʲôͺˣҸо㲻ƽʧȥ˶ҵм䣬ƺҲƽ
ˮ˵ŻóͬĹ
ͬĹӣⶫκһÿνţֻҪһν˳Ե˾ͻమģӹ͹
̨տˮĹӣˮҲ֪˵Ǽ٣ҲûиоԼʧ䣬Ҳ֪˵Ǽ٣Ҳ򣬲ԣҲûȤ
ˮβ̨գԴֱ˵˴ͷʼ¿ʼһ㰮ҡ
̨һ㶣ŹֵĿˮͻȻԼǸŮһҪ׷ԼԼǸħǸħ죬û׷ԼҲûŮ֮顣
ǰֻˮǸ⣬ҪһŮûʲôˣʧȥ˶ˮļ䣬һֻصԭ
͵Űɣ̨˵׼뿪
Ǹգ㿴ľɫûˣҲþûˣ硭ˮĿ̨Цš
ǲǱɱ㡣̨ˮĻֱ˵
㲻Ψһˣɱңһָ˼䣬ɱɱ㶼ԭԼʹϣӦˮ˵
˵ƵĻΪܻڡֱ̨˵
ô˵ҲˡˮЦˡ
ţʧˣҲϲ㣬Ҳʶ㣬ڿ˵Ѿ֮ǰˣ㲻ӦҺʶǸһ˵أ̨ȻѵûһЩ
ˮһ¿࣬ˣε˵ܲһദϾ׷㼸ʮŴӦҵģö̫п𡣡
սħôѣ̨˵
֮ǰҲħǣôͱôˣǸŮˡˮп
̨տˮԼƽȥһ٣ǵһ˵ԼǴŮˡ
ħһսѣ𣿡̨ղû֮ǰĴŮϺˮƽϡ
ûԶҲûԶĵˣʲô鶼пܵģʱԺô򣬻򣬾ݵǿʵ̫ˣħźҲֻ֮һһ˾ħŵˣʱٴòãǶǲСɫʲôöģ˰Щ￴һоǶǴˣŮˣŮˡ
Ǵˣˡ̨ˮ
ˮ̨еߵӺܿĵЦСǼ㶼֪Ů˻Ǵɰ㿴һ˭ǷһһŸ˭أСЦһ
̨ˣһӾôḡޱȣǵϴμʱӣԼʱҲǵãڵƺȫһˡ
Ҫ밤ᣬҲһ١
̨մϹ֪ܶ飬ȻǲˮģҲôࡣ
ʵˮҲ㣬Բô޼ɵоϣǲСġ


2408 ̨յʽ
Ҫ밤ᣬҲһ١
̨մϹ֪ܶ飬ȻǲˮģҲôࡣ
ʵˮҲ㣬Բô޼ɵоϣǲСġ
Ҫ˵׼˭˭أҪԣҪǴ򲻹ңҴ˿ɱޡˮζ˵
ֱ̨ˮȥֱˮһĴȥ
Ʈƣ
ˮһԷƷоǲƮƾͲ֪ˣƷƮݳ·ûκһʵƷ̺̫İ⾳
ٶȿǺܿ죬ʵرĿ죬ˮҴ⣬˭֪Ů˻᲻ѪɱԼ
أ
ˮ̨յһ˫˭Ҳûжֱ̨΢΢һһٴˮȥ
ˮһû
ž
̨յˮļϣˮĿǺǿģˣһˮҲǸоʹɽĵɼƷǿ󣬾˺
ˮıѾą̃մڼ˲䣬̨һθûҪˮԴһе㵡
ͬʱˮ˫һӰ̨ձסǰ˫߬Լ˫бסġ
һǱ˸͡
գþûˣҺ㡣ˮס̨յַ粻̻̫ζ
̨ʱˮ̨պ𾪣ԼȻûһܲȻں޲ɱһ
ˮĻ̨ţ˵åſҡ
ţұҵŮˡˮ˵
Ųɱ㡣̨ռˡ
ҪҾѻθ顣ˮҲ
Ǹ쵰̨ոɴҲˣôĿˮ
˵㲻Ҷ֣㻹šˮһС˵ӡ
Ϊκҡ̨˵󶴸ȫʮ
ˮٴһ㶣ʲôʱôʮˣһ룬̨ħѪʮ֣ˮе־ĶǽɫҲһɫɫġ
ʱڣʲôʱ̨˵ÿһڶоԼܵס
ˮعЦţʮ˲𰡣ҲС
ˮֱӰʮ򿪣ӲӣӾرг̨Ҳһ˲ʧȻ֪˲򵥵Ͼô򵥵ַԼݵĿơ
ôţһ˿϶ҲûУǰţˣ˫ȻԼȡ
ֲ̨֣ٴ˵
֣ҪӦһˮЦ
쵰Ųɱ㡣̨˵꣬дͺѹֲֿ
ֻҪЩ֣Ҿ㣬һҪ㣬ҵֿǺܿġˮ̨졣
̨źôһô޳ܣ߸еʶû˸ɶˣǸǱ񣬶ǰõһչֳֻһƺʲô£Լɱ
ʲôҪǸҹ֣ҲӦ㣬ҪǸҶֶֶţҰж˿顣̨ղ֪Ѿ˲ˡ
Լ֪ˮȴ֪￪ģǽ
Ҫң֣ӣҲ֣ǰˣģдҪҲãһ٣·ǹˡ
ұ졣̨շúһǿûʲôҲ˵û䣬֪ˮ˵Ǽ٣оģԼǰӣǾʲôҲҲǶôֵ顭
˵ġ
Ҳ˵
ˮﰵЦŮ˺ܴϾһŮˣϾˮ׵鶼ǵˣڿ˵ڸŮ֮֮϶һŰֽ
ǲǴӦˡˮڴ˵
룬ġ̨Ʋͷȥڴ
̨һֱǱĿ⣬һֱɱĿ˷һҲʹûôһ˿Ļң֮ǰĻ쵰ҲûһĲ̹ޱȡ
ҵһμһرĵطһˮףжӡˣһˮУҾѹģǱӲϹʱҾˣ˭֪ºҲռұһ֮Ҫ㻹׵ӱռˡ
һ̨ճˣԼûа취ֹ˵б˵Ļóˡ
㲻˵֪ھΣҲ㣬˭ҳ˼˰˴ռҲпԭ
Ҳ޳ܵ㣬ſңȻҾͺƴˡ̨ճмܲסˣһ˵˵֪˵ʲôء


2409 ɵͣʹ
ˮ֪ҪʿɶֹԸɴɿ
̨յҲûٹʹĿҲ˵϶ôƺ֪ͬΪʲôԼĶһЩֱĸ֡
ôһֵ֮Ϥˣˮ̨֪ڻеȴЦգôûô㡣
Ҫˡ̨תߡ
ţ컹磬ʲôһû˵أղôҰ¸ˡˮԹһ䡣
һ̨ղٴκ
ʲô飿̨ͣʵ
ҿħʱ³ɼҪ򣬾͵򣬵ħʱٴ㿴Σˮʵ
ˮڲ̨յƨɺʰ̯ӣԼҽΡ
ħźǳС
֪ҲǺܾúܾǰۻĳޣûжԲ㡣ˮ˵
˴оҪܴеһУǴģħźܵͣԶᣬʹ̨˵
ˮĵͷ֪Ҳ˵ʱʱҪɴˡ
ħŰɣ̨Цſˮ
ǲܣħ޶ĻŮʩͷǰˮȻǲħŵġ
ҲԷģ˱Ȼﻵħ˸ɶ񡣡̨տˮ
ǣˣаҲкˣҲô֮ǰҲߣϴ˵е뿪ӦþȥڵĴаɣ֪һߡ
Щ÷ģһֻᷢʱ⣬һħɱ¾ԺԺ˵ɡ̨˵
ѵħôҪˮʵ
ҵʹͱ޹ء
ǲ֪ʹҪʲôŻͣˮʵ
þħŴھݴϡ̨ԥһ˵
Ǿǿվ֪ǲҪʵ
ûУ˵ħҲûбҪ˵ɱĳ˾ҪȥɱħеҲ̫ɱ¾ҲԵ޹ʵɱ˵ġ̨ü΢
ħѪڿ㲻֪ħ֮ѪһЩħ֮Ѫ˱ɱ׳嶯ߵɱ¾֮ɱ¾еõħǣҲһˡˮ˵
ˮҲǿһЩΪħѪûʧȥǣҲǣͳħħôܻɥʧأϧʧȥ䣬֮ǰԼԸıԭŻʧȥԼļ䣬ΪֻſԼʹ
ˮˣϧζˣҪԼôˮ֪ͬĹãԼΪħˡ
㲻ѣˮٴڴʵ
ѣ̨һ㶣ûѣ˵ûʲôѣֻǵħĹüѣƺҲоİԺᵭ
ѣǺѣ̨ҡҡͷ˵
ΪӪˣˮʵ
⻹𣿡̨˵
Ҹ˵£һ˺һŮ˫໥ϲɱʦħͷɱ˺ܶˣţһʼ֪ݣмݺ£ͻŮϵȢһŮˣŮǸҵŮˣħˡ
㲻Ϲɣ̨տˮ
ǣҷģԲǡ
ǽβأ
Ůɱ˵ӣҲǸŮˣŮ˵ʦһħͷǸ˷ĿģŮ˵ʦݺɱˣҵǸŮˣΪʲôɱӣ
Ůô˵̨ƺҲ֪Ľβ
Ů˵Ȼ˾ûбҪ˵ˣҪΪͶְɣ
ˮûе̨ʾ˵ǰ˸Ů˶֣ǰŮ˷ΣһŮ˰ˣ˵ʵѾŮˣһ͸Ů˵ӣŮ֮û᲻Ȣ
ô˵̨ʵ
˵ᣬȻһ̴Լӣ˵һ
̨û˵ˮ
֮谭˵Ǵǿɱʦ֮һΪʦΪ֮ĳ޲ǲɵͣҲǽɷޣԼ˵֮䲻ʲôڲô𣿡ˮ˵
໥ĽҲϲ㣬㣬ΪʲôҪôء̨տˮʵ
ǸǸȻϲңôܣռôˣʼˮ۾ôģ··𿴵ʲô˲ŵһ
ͻ˵˵ˣ˵ֱƮȥ



2410 ˴ˣҴ
̨뿪ˣˮûЩҪʱ䣬Ѿ׼ˣ׷ҲҪ׷
ˮصǸׯԺʱ컹磬ȥʱѾˡ
ûл̯һ㶼˸࣬ҹи֣ʱԻһ㣬翪ʼһֱҹĵʱ
СкʱҪȥ̣ˮЦŵͷߣҴȥ
ʦԼԵġСкæ˵
Һһȥ̻Ժ̯ðڵ̫ˮЦ˵
ˮŮ˴кСкǸСԽϣǸ̯λʱ˺ܶ࣬͵һμʱȻͬʱ̯λͱ̯λһҲ˶飬ȻǺܳ
ˮСк˸˵Ĵкˮʾ˼ΪԭϲǺܶˣԸɴ˻ȥˡ
λҪŶˣԭϲˣɣˮһںŶӣȥ˵
ǸЦˮͷ뿪ˣˮֹ˼ŶӡԭҲûˣպ֮ǰĶ鶼򵽡
˼ңߣǻȥɣԺϲҪ̯̯ˡˮЦ˵
˶ࡣ˵
ǮģͿˣҪĻӣ˵ҲһҪ̯ʱ䳤ö࣬ȥҽЩôʱ̯ҲǮˮЦ˵
𣿶л˵
ˮȥ̸һֵϣʵҲһĵϣַ֮ͬǰĵϣһЩĵϣζ˺ų̈ס
ˮûиԼЩϣЩԼԿԣˮûдñȥۣǲģǲ鷳ȻϣɿԴɱ֮
ˮ̸ĵϷѾˣε˳Ѿζˣһûκ⡣
䲻ʮ꣬ͨ˵˴ˣˮѾΪߣԻдѵԪԣûʲô⣬ׯԺˮ뿪ʱҲ͸
ˮȥˣʵǲģѾҵʥɲݣһˮ죬ϢһӦþûκˡ
¡¸˵Ȼˮָл
Ҳս񣬲֪ڵ״ʲộָħŲƣ˱һˡʱˮ˵
ʱ䣬ӦǲõģҲ˶þͻ뿪ˮ˵
Ǿˡĵ˵
ˮ˵Ҳϴμ̨գ֪ħŽ᲻ᶯԷҶˮħڵ̨Ҳκβ
ˮо̨ʳӦòԼĶ֣˺Ůˣ
ˮҲȥˣû¾ʳǹ䣬̵̵Скܿ̿࣬ùչܿ졣
һں˴ׯԺ˴ˣ֫ˣЩֱҰĳʱǰʱ
˭ļˣվһһŴĽš
һ˴ʮˣʿ
ˮ˳ӣˮʱͻˣǸˣ˭
ˮȥֱӴСԴôģĵȻ˴
˭ɣҵȻ¶֪˭ָʾġζĿˮ
û¶ҪҵĵϷӣû˵
̫ţǲǲݣٴһء赭д˵
ˣĿ⿴ˮļŮÿһǹɫ㡣
̣ҸƴˡСкҪȥ
ˮס𶯣Ҹòá
ߵһžҪȲȥ
ˮֱ־һһӽǴץ˹ڵϣ̧ŸɴĲȥ
ž

󺺷ҽУˮֱӰѴ֫Ĺؽڲȵõķ顣
ˮȻ֪ʵǿķӡ
ˮʱſꡰǰɡ
ˮֲİȻǰŴһ֣ûʲôҲЦǰҲûɣдɵĺܶ࣬дɵҲ١
СӣҴҵˣڻҲʲôˣ꿴ˮɺƽ
ˮ治οɵΪҲʶѣһӵܣǸоɱ̫֮ǰֱɱˡ
ܳ𣿡ˮֱ߹ȥһ߸ӹһ˵
ַ죬ܿվȻһʱʱָܻȻĿվ
ǵľүүģˡɿˮ·ڿһ
ţˮû뵽˾ţɱһŵˣǸˣڻܵĹѨУǸŵ˿ɽС


2411 մӦˡ
ˮǰŰ꣬ʵһֱˮоеԲУȴҲȱ˵Ҳһֵֻ̣ʵﵽôţһΧﵽ⡣
ʵˮҲϣԼǸ棬ÿÿԣϽﹷϷϷҸŮǿ¾͸ˡ
ǰʵǰĲǺģҰְ˭˭
ˮڱϾǸС˿ˣҲˣҲǼ˲٣ǰȱмôʵԽǿԽܸоĴڣһεµͻĹ
ˮĬˣ꿪ˣĹЦˣôˣֻҪܴӦһҿԷŹǡ
ʲôˮҲˣԼû˵Ȼűˡ
үߵǼŮ˻Ҫˣҿû£ҪϹǡŵ˵ʱоԶˮ
ˮڰ˷Ҳ쳤ڱϣ˵Ҳ˵Ҳܰ˵˵˾Ҫۡ
죬ȥݶˮЦ˵
붯ˣҪ֪ԲҪŮпҲϪĴڣˮһ˵ֱӹȥһȭɵϣܸɴһȭֱӰͶˣ֤һҲûʣ¡
ء
ɿ죬ʹİ˵ʲôȴֻܷصѪһޱȵǱɲϵĻ֣ɱˡǣɱǣ˻
ĺУǿ˵ʲô
ǰʮˣеҲк֣ˮȲ̫ˣǾţһӵҲܴʲôǿӣΪ뱨Ҳַﶯ֡
ܿЩ˶̵ˣˣˮûô֡
бɱңүүǴж˿ģŰɣʱڽ
ˮЦ߹ȥʵүүҲǱķݣΪ㿴ҽ첻ɱ㣬ˣ²
ǸҲҲûʲôôóҲˣҲˡɺǺЦ
㵹ѣʱŲˣҰѵˣΪôˮĿ˫֮䡣
ɴ˸飬ʵоˮǲɱģҲûлǸӵܣʵӵܲģÿŲͬŮˣƵأһѣû۸۸ˣûǮˣһʱǿŮǿз֮
磬ҴˣҲģŹңұ֤㱨ģҷģұ֤ɸϽ˵Żˣû˹ߣ
ͷģ´䵽Լ顣ˮЦ˵
Ȼæģֶ˵һ仰ŲţֻҪ뿪ü棬ʰ㣬ǾҲڻǻˡ
ˮͷˣˣסղŵķģ´ҿǲٸġ
ף
ǧл뿪ôֻԼ֪ˣһ˴Ҵ뿪Ȼ󲿷ˣҲҪȥ֪ͨҵŪȥ
ˮѾûʲôˡ
ˮû뵽ôƷҲ鷳鷳ԭѾ֪ˣһԶ̯ӣ̯ӵǸСˣձɹ֣ҲرĻǰǱﻹ壬ʹע⡣
Ծͷ飬֮ǰˮҲǸСˣҲǱ־ĺܣΪǸˣܷ飬ñĵطܱ֮ˮ⡣
ҲǴˣСûеɫȻ벻ɵķۡ
ղСҲ˼ӣͷΪ۸Ҳô
˵Ǹ⣬ˮ֪һº;ŵǽᶨˣֻڵ㡣
ڶˮû£Ѿûȥ̨ˣɴȥ̸𣬱̸̸ôнչ
ħžˮڵĵطǺԶȻԾ˵ˮһо͵ˡ
ˮڰգû˵̨֪ھһģһû֪ڣԿڣСա
ֻһһ֣滹ûкֱ̨ӳˮǰԶ˵ҽʲô
ǰϲҽСյġ
ǲ̨շֺ˵޷Լƽ
ҺʲôˮЦʵ
ˮС̨յľеǺ£Ҳ֪Ϊʲô
̨ռ˵
ŶףӦˣҲ԰ҷˣñ˺ġˮ˼ڤ롣
̨ʵ̲ס־ˮԴȥ


2412 Ҫ뿪
ˮû֪ҲǱܵģԾûжԼԴϡ
ۣһҲۣˮɫסֻ֡
̨֣ձ߳˵
ɣˮܸɴ˵
أ
̨һӡˮؿڣһƿɲ֮ǰ˺ܴˡ
̨֣ռ˵
ɣ
أ

һֱˮѪ̨ղͣˮ΢ЦŵӣȷʵĪˣ˵ǲˣ벻ȴǣһ˿˵ѣȴǲ˵ѣоֱ
Ů˵ֱ
Ҽǲ㣬ΪʲôѾԭǸˣֻһˣ㲻̨̾ˮ˵
˵ûб䣬һҲûб䣬˵㲻ΪħһѹƲסԼħ֮Ѫ˵Ҫɱ㡣ˮ˵
ɱ𣿡̨ʵ
ᣬӦҪһѺӵġˮ˵
̨ȴûеܹ¶ܹ¶ôʹˣȴԼˣˣԼԼɱ֮ǰôҲ֣ԼԲκη
˻ǶģмǰԼʤԼô
㲻ҪѹԺ˾㣬ҪҾͺˮǺЦ
̨տˮе԰׵ףȻѵֲȥǵѪٶԼԼһˮҲһ㶣еą̃գ㱾ܵĶҵ𣿡
ţھǼǲ㡣̨պ˵
ΪʹǶģΪ㲻Ҿ޷ʹڵʹˮ̾˵
̨ƺҲеȻˮźֲ֣ܽûôУҲӰӡ
ڸ˰ɣҪȥˡ̨˵
գĺصǰ֣ʱܿʵˣû뵽ˮɿ֡
أԺǻټģˣҪ뿪ˣ´Ҳˡ̨˵
ҪȥţͻˣﻹҪСġˮ
ţлл̨տˮȻת뿪ˡ
ӰʧҰУˮо꣬Ĵڣץסܡ
ˮͷŮ֪ʲôʱѾվ
飬ˮ¶ĵЦݣ߹ȥһһסǣô湴Ůˡ
ҲñֳôǿЦݣֲˡˮЦ
ҲǣǶҵˣǿԽڲˡˮ˵ĺҲ˵㡣
쵰ǰο㣬㻹˵˵ҲЦˣֻʱǺɵģοѾɻܾã鲻ʲô
߰ɣǻȥɡ

֮ˮҪѾŵˣΪĸĲ߼ˣû뵽źƺƵһ˳ׯԺ֮⡣
Щܶ࣬ô˵Ҳǧ֮࣬ſΧ˸ˮйͨ
Ϊ׵ˣˣٿᣬˮʱ򿴵иˣɣʱƺ˲࣬һڵȻܸԭˣпĵҩҲҪʱ䣬ʱ䲻
ɣϴθ˵Ļˡˮ˴ʱѳˣϾô󶯾϶ˡ
ʵġ
ɣҵӵܣҶҶˣǲˣҲǸͷġһ˵ɵĻ
֨һʲôҲ˵Сĵ˵壬ɱҵġ
˺ܿݣɣȻ㵣ʲôҪӲһ㡣
ЩΪ׵˿ᣬˮ֪ԼҪһЩʵǿϾǾţûǿ߲ء
ε£ǵʹǲԵģҲԵҺ۸ˮЦ
һȤĿˮļŮˣе˷ζûУˮʵҲˣɳӻģĿĸǼŮˡ
ӦսɣϧǲǾǾΣҲǾţȻֻһֲľţ治ġŵ˵
ǻǣҲκˮЦ˵
ĪΪﵽ۷ʵͿ޵ˣ۰һ˭ûһЩֶΣûͱΪУǴҵҪݵ˵
Ŷô˵ǲˣˮЦʵ



2413 ɽʽ
ԲʵҪʵ˵ģʵ㣬Ǳ۸Ҳûа취ûʵ۸˾ҪǺ˵ءЦ˵
ˮЦˣ˼˵ҵʵǿô۸㶼ԡ
ԷĻѾ˵Լ۸ǣڻϻվȽš
ûô˵ֻ˵˭۸ҶҪۣҲԸ۸ȻˮĻȻǸʵ˵磬кܸߵĵ¾ģ̫־ͻᱻ˲ݣһʵǿĴڣ޶κ˷ɱǸˣɱǸˣ˹ƻᱻϳ
޹زɷԲȦҲиԵĹ򣬽ȦӾҪȦӵĿ飬ҲҪȦӵĹ򣬳ܳԽȦӣȻᱻȦƣΪʱƶȦӵĹ
ԵǶ˵ģ㹻ǿҲ뵯һѹҲϣҲţһѹƵʱ򣬾ͻᱬǿҵķַǿֲ
Ҳ˵ʲô۸ҡûţñΪú磬˵ɣôˮЦ˵
ɣǹƽ㣬ݣ¾ôˡЦ˵
ˮӣǹƽɣһ˴ԷһȭҪܣԹƽоô
ҪΪԣҲԣҿ档۾һЦ˵
ˮû뵽ԷӦˣֱ˳
Ҳ˳ˮ˵ҽ𡣡
Ҳǲסһ˾ˡˮЦҡҡͷ
ɫú䣺ϣһỹôĿġ
ʼɣϲôϻˮֱ˵
ֱˮĿڴ˹
ˮͬһȭҲǶԷĿڡ
ԣ
˫ûжܣ˫ˮûʲô󰭣Ҳǿûʲô󰭣˫ٴϸղλãһٴδȥǸղŵλá
ԣ
һ˫岽ˮǸɽţȭһӷԷȭҲǴһӷ˫ûʲô󰭡
ˮɽļ⣬ûиоʲôڿԷӦҲĶ߹ܵ˺
һϣ㻹ôˡ۾һгɱ⡣
ϣҲܳŹȥ
˫ͬʱٴδˮһǺһȭͷ
ԣ
һˮ˻岽ȴǵ˳ȥȫӷһҲܲסѪǲҪǮһĿ
ˮ֪һѾ֧ˣǲҲϵˡתһ̫ǿˡ
ŵĿˮޱȵǿ˵治࣬һǿߣҲǽδˣڲ֮ء
ȴѾҺ˸ǻȦӵǺܶеĿ꣬Ҳš
ˮҲоһǿֲĶתûн飬ȴǺܳˣһصǴλã˺ĲǺأأҲûд飬ɼ㹻ǿ
ˮԶһϢҡҡͷȻˣˣԺܺˣٵûʲô̫⡣
ΨһȦŮˣǿʵŮ˲ʲôȱ㣬޵ֻ̬Ҫ۵ŮŰ취õֻһϦ֮Ե֪õӾͿԡ
һ֪мһŮˣΪɳͷʵΪ˼ŮˣԼ뷨Է֪Լͷϵˡ
ʱҵĸоΪĸûΪʲôҲûˣĻԻҫһжʧŻ²ķϵ鷳ܻܲ⡣
ˮԾûκεĺøУ֮ǰĿһֱԼŮϣҸ᲻Ҳ̫˵ȥˡ
һϣɱǣΪү𡣡ʱиߺ
飬֪ԼҲܻˣʱѳңȻһܣΪɱɱˮ˵ı
˶ˮׯ԰гǰģˮɽɫС˲䴩͸˼˵üģ
Ҳɱôˣǻûʸɱ鲻ôҹˮֱӾһɽʽ˳ȥ
Щ˱ĺˣвܵˣҲһЩɽʽԸĴȺЧģΪ˶࣬˶ˣɽʽȴǿֲޱȣĿ겻ܼʱˣôǱѹ
ɽʽȱٶȲ죬һʵ˲ٶΣգ˶ᣬܵˣЩ˳徢ʮ㣬ϲܺˣԲ˶ܵ˾޴˺ˮĻȣԴ󲿷˶ˣɽʽ


2414 壬
Щ˸ɸɾˮ֪Ӧò꣬ˮûдɱ䣬̫ɱ¾ÿһֻмҪģܶ˶ִֱȻҲΡ
Ȼ뿪ߵʱˮһ۶ûУ֪ԼѾǾͷˣͻȻоûԼĶˣʧȥ˾ʾû塣
ǿȥһԼ»ָ֪ϣΪ㣬ӵ̫ĶͻȻһʧȥˣ޷ʵ
ˮȻŲûֱɱѾˡ
Ѿָˣˮûȥ̯ڼҶһʱ䣬ϾǶϹǣǰϹҪܺá
ħŵ˺ܶ࣬һЩߣˮȥħŵʱһħŵ˸ˮһź
̨ոġ
ֻм򵥵ļ仰˼˵ˣʣµĶһЩʵõģˮҪǶ֣ҲΪҪΪˣǾͿˡ
ˮȻӦˣȻħڵʵãҲǲģϾػڣԸû
֪ˮڻǵʱҲˣǰѾˡ
һֱûжѾȥˣѾʼ̯ˣˮ֪ǿʵڶΪԭҳ飬ĴǺΣյġ
ˮΪİȫҲǰһ¾š
ֻˮûȥһξŵٴǰŵˣһоʳݲׯеȣ˵û
Щǰ˺٣ÿһޱǿĴڡ
Щ˶ģŻȲһǾþλеĲЦеȴ΢ЦЦЦž֮ơ
ǻߵһȦӣ˭ȦӶҪõЩ˵Ŀ϶ѹЩˣѹĴڡ
ˮѹȺۣʵûбҪˣѹƲסҪЩ˰ŪЩ˿ĺ͸Ұĵ˻ѹסЩˣǲڻǵġ
ˣǺˣΪʲôҪڻ˷ˣڵҵļүүġ
Ҳ΢ϣһư׷üëŨܣ۾񣬷ڣȻôĿݣȴǳ˵֮
˵û˵ֻζĿˮ
ˮЦˣҶһˣ˵ķʽһûбҪ̸ˡ
䣬λСֵ˵ɡһŵվȥ˵
ĵͷͲ˵ˡ
ҲģߵˮԶЦҽƣ֪ôʲô鶼
ʲô飿ҽʲô飿ˮװͿ˵
֮飬ȥƺҲǰ취ҪİɣЦ
Ŷ˵鰡Ѿεˣ׻˵ҲҲȥҼκˣ㿴ΣˮЦ˵
Саŵĺܣȥңǻ֪ڳʲôء
˵ԩԩ౨ʱˣ̸Σ˵ûʲôޣԩ˽ⲻ˽ᣬҸӡЦ
ҲǲԣҿԴӦͿԡˮ˵
Ŷʲô˵Ц
ɷϵϳң֪һܴܲӦˮЦ
㡭㲻Ҫôߡ˵
ưڰ֣ĲҪôˮ˵ǺӲһӵܶѣαغôƽء
ӵܺ˸˵˵˶ͨˣ˶ŮöټͥƣҪǸоΪѣǳˮƽ˵
ҪΪ㡣ʱ˵ʲôʱܹ
ǲңֻҴҵ󲻸ҺҶģв㣬ˣôˣûҶ㲻ţһڻҲκˡˮ˵Ŀⶢġ
ıˮ˵ˣŲ´Ьģˮڰŵݵĺܺá
ðɣҴӦ㣬¸أ˵仰оӵûʲôֻԼʲôʱôǱԼƿصô˵Ҳһŵķ֧û뵽һҲܱ˱Ƶϡ
ڶΪǸ˺ӣǾͨˣҲǾǷǣϣǵʱҪ֤İȫ⣬һϣǿ԰ҵĻЦҲҪǸıǵôǣҪ֪顣
ˮ˵ȫǸɫĶʹ˻֮׷ͨӰ֮деɽСӨѩ׹ӡ
ˮصԭʱ򣬼ǿ߷ԼĲ϶иСӡ


2415 ˮ񾳣߲׽
һ˿ѪˮˣЩ˻عʱһǱ亹ֱӴʪ·ڻǾȻ㣬֮ǰˣȴǶ㿪Ҳô׾룬ǽûκθı䡣
ˮˣˮûƾɽķֱӿ԰Щɱ
ͨϻ֮׷ˮٶѾﵽһޱȿֲľ磬˫֮Ĳ೹׷ŴЩû
߰ɣԺҪҡˮӻֱӴ˻ׯԺˡ
Щ˺þòŻعȻ뿪ҲûиоˣҲû˸оˣѵбȱõڲϻӸ˵
ˮԼڵʵиʶԼģ˵ʲô޵УҳܳԼľԺѺѡ
̨նˣˮͣôãҲ뿪ˣѾˮûʲôˣħźٴƽ⣬Ҳûʲôˡ
ˮҲôħţһ򣬾ݡǣౣɱǣͻݵϵĲݲԣɻǳԵһЩƽ⡣
ħźҲƵĹϵħŵĴһ̶ԼĴںγԼħš
ƽˣˮҲȥ򿴿ǾĴڣǿĵطʥǸǿ߱ߵ硣

ˮڻͣ˰꣬ܰĶȹȹʵͬʱˮߵҲѸٵ
ˮɾʮ֣ѾǾŸ
ˮɹȻİʱ䣬ɾʮˣʮþŸ
ÿˮоʵһɣɾУˮʵѾޱȵĿֲˡ
ҲˮΪʲôڻǵԭԼʮ뿪ͻƵ񾳸ãǰǻá
ӲӵĶϵ໥ӣһȴǺӵֻŸвϵĴȻԼ塣
ǲУˮͣŸţǾҲӲϵʮ
ˮӿԼĶҲԽԽǿͻȻһ£һ񾳡
뵽ˮͷŸĶȥӵʮ
֮ǰˮоеţǼ⣬ʵţǼִŵıִ֣ŵʲôҲǺѳɹġ
šеѶȡ
ȻѶȣضһٲȴڼԿüġ
֮ˮĶǴһͨ˵ʮ
ˮûϢõﶴȥǾŸĶһɻ֮ǰƺҪһ㣬Ҳ˲죬ﶴǾŸĶ
һӺãˮоĸоһˣƺ綼ʺܶ࣬һĸоһ΢ĸо΢о
ˮֱһٴþŸȥӵʮ
һθоһˣθоԳɹҵĶڲϵķǿһ㣬ȻͿʮӺõľŸ֮ľһļ٣֮һֽɫĹһǶ֮乲ͬмӣ֮ǰʮӡ
ˣˣ
ˮоܼ֪һᷢʲô֪ʵٻһЩǸоҲһ־޴ʵ
䣡
һ΢ĺӵ˲ˮڲһˮ˷·𱻶סһ˱ýӲӵģʮɫҲǽʢͬʱˮơ
ǿתӿˣ;ҲˣɫʱɫˣǽɫֻǿӺؼ̡
񾳣
Ȼ񾳣
ˮ񾳣ӶˣһԲˮ˵ǴԲĶͻƵġ
ɾԳɷԲȻط󣬵ȴǲܻˮʵơ
ûüڵʵоۼ˴Ƭƶ䣬߲ƶ䡣
׽٣
ˮû뵽׽ˣԼһ;һ׽٣û뵽һٴˣˮûк£е㼤е˷ˡ
еƶ۳һƬʵƲ㣬߲˸ѹء
䣡
һ֣һϸ׵£ϸëһ㣬ˮϣֱӱˮգ׵ˮоޱ·úѵˮ
䣡
ûһͻ磬һϸûô䡣
ܿͱߵȻûӣʱ׵ѾĴָϸ
ˮһ׽ٺϴβͬһ׽޷ֻӲţˮбܽٵãڲã׽ٵ׵ϴǿǵ÷
̶ܶȹ׽ٵʵ̫ˣٷ֮һһʧǾ


2416 ˮʵ
е׵ԽԽˣ߲ʵ׵翴ѤޱȣҲǿֲޱȣˮ岻ϵеԪԼ塣
䣡
һϸ׵ˮϣһˮ׵Ǿ

ĸоеԲˣڵ׵ȻϸѾߵ֮࣬ÿһκľ类Сײϵĸо
䡭
ߵ׵󣬻һļˮ֮ŻָҺǵ˼ʱ䣬Ȼ׼һܲܳԵ˵˵鷳ˡ
䣡
Сȴϸ׵
ˮ׵壬Ȼɫ򿪣ͬʱϵ蹬ԼеиѪء
䣡
һֳױ˸ͨ͸о˵ȴǸоʹ죬ܸɴ࣬һֳĸоͷ·𳹵׷й
ˮȻһ㵭Ļɫ֬һĶǺܶ࣬һ档
Ȼϴ跥Ӧϴ跥˰ɡ
䣡
׵翪ʼ٣ǰףˮֱӴʮʮɫĶѾˮһ𣬿˵ˮһ֡
䡭
߲׵ֱͨˮ壬ǽʮУһʱʮҲ߲֮ɫҫ
䡭
˴һӵʱ䣬ΧˣеƲҲɢȥˣˮ¶˿ĵЦݣԼȶˣͻȶ񾳡
񾳾ǿԼдڵҪǿ򿪵ĶֻĸôĲ㶴˸ǰ˲㶴ʮʮ㶴ÿ㶴ӦĶܲ
һ㶴Ϊһ㶴ӵľǶԴƣʮ㶴ӵʮǸϵıҲǳ˼ǴڳȴСڱÿһҵʵÿȴǲ̫ͬⶴû˵Ϊи˿ٵĶһһʱһʵöеޱ
ˮҲһˣһ񾳾ͱʾжһ񾳣ֻеһﵽһ񾳡
ȲĿԼĶ뿴ԼĶ˶
ɣɡ
ĶɣʮɫȻﵽǵһ񾳡
ˮܼһһ㶴ӵҲңһĿԴﵽɶһ㣬ĻɣˮĶ;ʵΪɫٽﵽɡ
ƺ٣񾳾ߣ֮Ͳͬˣǿֲġ
ˮо˼ǵʮȻһ񾳡
ˮɵ뵽̨գǸɫ֪Ķ˶ʵʲô硣
ϴҲǴǰʱˮоͻˣӦǵ񾳰ɣ뿪
½֪ǿľҲ񾳣ƺʮ񾳡
ҲǿʮĴڣǴﵽ۷壬񾳺ǹ򾳣Ǵ˵еľ磬ﵽ˹򾳿ָ򣬲Ǵ˵еľ磬ģԾ֪ǿľˡ
ʱˮȥԼڵʵ뿴һͻȹ˶ʵ֮ǰľŸѾ˲ٽһʵˣһӵʮּͻƣܸܵʵĿֲ
ˮʵ20000200000ķ
2ɵķˮķﵽ240000
񵲱20000ĸˮ൱260000ķ
ˮɽԵ54˺54зˮķﵽ260000
ս⻷󷨺һԼսԣˮķѾͻ500000Ĵء
ˮڶе㲻ţԼȻѾôǿˣ񾳺Ͷ֮Ĳ࣬⻹Ǹոȹ񾳣֪Զǿ
ʮԭϿԴﵽʮ㶴ֻ߸˸߾Ÿģֻ߲˲;Ų㣬ˮӵеʱҲۺġ
ˮĵЦˣԼҲʱˣԼҲ뿪ˡ
ʮˮѻܵŽ˵ʮܵʵѲǵɵĻˣҲˮһֲսˡ
֮սżޣհ׻ڤޡ޻һֻ棬ʮˡ񡱣񾳾һ־磬һְЩ
˻ڵĵʮʵľŸҲһսһѾʾ񾳵Ŀֲ
ýԼһֻ޻֮սżɱԼǾĲ࣬ɿԽĺ蹵


2417 ׼뿪׳
һͻƶˮ˵ʹһηԾʵķԾ˵һĽǸСɡ
ڶˮ֮Χһиоľ˱仯ڴأ⣬ˮԺУǽɫĽ֮»ߡ
ɾʵѹ˶
˳ˮ¶ܰЦݣһȹ˵ĸ߹أˣգվһķ羰
ˮӰֱӵߣȥ
ȻǰźɸоޱȵĶͳ嶯ˮͷԵ˵̴У̰˱ĽҺ§˫Ҳ䵽Ƿϡ
һһΣֺħ˽ŤҵĻӦˮ
Ѿ˳վڲԶˣˮ֪ڿıºƽϴŵ΢Цˮ˳ߣһֻ¥
˲˼ƿˮ˵촽ֿһ˿ߣȻûжϣ˵ˣˮߣһֱ촽סĴקһ²Цɿ
ƿˮȥ׼緹
Цſˮûио˼ȻûһͬߣƽʱʲôĵҲһˡ
ˮ§űһȻ˵ô˭ҲûлУԺҪӲôˡ
ˮĻҲһ㶣ЦЦ˳ȻɣЩ鲻ǿ󡣡
ϲ𣿡ˮЦʵ
ûȶҲûжôǿҵĸоԺɡ˵
ӳأԺÿһΣŻϡˮűЦúζ
û˵
˵м׻ϡˮСű˵
ʲôƣС˵
ˮָǾµ°С˵һ䣬ˣĿ˵ˮȥʵһ

ˮһϢ׼ǰȥ򡭡
ϢҲԾʵΪǰ͸뿪ˡ
Щ˵ʵչĻǺٵģϾˮŵҩҽȸÿ˶ܵõˮչˣϴ跥̱ԪжܻͻƱϡ
Щлɱ¾ս죬ǾŸѾҲǺֲܿˣʮҪԵģһԵŶǰ˸;Ÿ
ҲǾŸֻĵʮƺеӰӣǰˮһֱûȥͻ񾳣Կܲܿٵʮ
ûеʮӰǻϣͲˣ˵ʮӰӵĻԭǿԿٵʮģе˵ʮӰӣһŬҲûпٳʮɼʮٵѡ
ˮ뿪ׯ԰Ск
СкǳĿ̿࣬ˮΪ̵ֻܽµʱ䣬û뵽ͣ˿ʱˣˮмСкΪͽΪģΪСкİȫ
ͽʱûǵĲٴǰһֻСкˡ
ˮˣ֮ǰʵ̫⣬ʧܵĿ̫С
ǵĳûгֹˮҲûȥʶʳǳܼ򵥵ԼһӦú
ˮ׼뿪ʱȴǳ˵⣬ˮɵüͷ
ߣôôˡһ˳֣Ϊ׵ǸӢˡ
ˮȻʶӣȴǴϿһ˿Ϥĸоӳĺһˡ
һĺһǸɱһ
ˮǵúһǻһǰʮĳǳأҪһ˵ĸǻס
ףԶԶʵģҲ׵һ
ˮƺΪʲôû⣬ڣ
ˮԼͷһ£ڲǺܵĻףףҲаһս
ʶ𣿡ˮЦʵ
ǲ֪ϲʶһЦøζˡ
ӵĳ֣Χܶ˶ǺܹĽһСӣ
ǿûпһۡ
һɵƻҪңҪңһ٣Ǵˣǲˡˮ˵
ˮĻΧĺܶ˵ǿǻ׵ĺӣɱˣⲻ
ɫѿϾԼֳԼûʲôֳѹкôЩ黹Ҫӵġ
ҵֳˣʱѾɱӡǣңôʱҲóˡЦ
ƾʵҿɱ㣬֪Ųţˮ΢Ц˵
˺ôǣȷɱӣûᡣһȴǳϵԶƺԶ˵ѾˮԶ


2418 ս
ˮɱһȻͲԺ飬ɱҲ˵ǻףڿӦò࣬㲻ǻףӦҲࡣ
ףεĴڣһ㣬һǲô¶ġ
ƺһȻס
ˮԶˣ˿Ҳģųױȵţ˻Ůˣžһ
ˮ֪ʲôʵǻֻܸܵԷǶ磬ʵȻҲ100000
ȻǶʵЩǿһɱͬڵġ
λ׵ĴӦԼǿ̣ˮ֪ʲộˮҲǺܵģͻˣȻûʲôãսʶľ֮ǰͬġ
ûҸỹ֪ôˮЦ˵
ɱҵĶӣɱ֮ɱ֮һģǲ죬Ϊ㲻ɱ˸ɴ˵
ĪֻĶɱˣ˲ɱĶӣʲôˮЦ˵
ƺʲôʵǵⶼǵоأºƽ
ˮȻ֪ﻹʵ˵״ڣĶɱ˾ǻǴҵӵҲС»ˣҪͬЩɱСˣСǱɱ˷Ҫ
֪ǾݣǰʡĺӰسĺӴˣسҲֲ̿ȥʡǸ
ҲǣҪ˭ȭͷ󡣡ˮЦ˵
Цˣ˺˼Ҳеʶ˻ǵһμǰô̹Ȼġ
ʼɣҲϣ˵ģҲûпǣװĹͷˣһˤĻۡˮֱӵ˿С
Ҳû˵ʲôҲ˿С
ˮԼ״̬۲ȫ״̬˵ȻЦֱһִ˳ȥ

Ӱ
ӰһѸٵıӰһһȻȫˮٶȺÿ졣
ˮĸо죬̫ˣˮֻץסһӰӣץˣʣӰѸٵĿԼһ͵
ȭ
˵ȭÿ죬һһһƬӰ·ŲӰ
䣡
ˮһȭϣֱӷ˳ȥһѪ
˾ȻôֲٶȺȭڻΪˮѾ³˱зǷֶΣû뵽ôǿԼǿԣԼɽļ⣬ȻһȭԴԼѪ
ƻУӰˮս
ٶȺˮĿǰ֪˵Ȼ֮ǰԼͨǸǵӰԷٶ̫ˣȻûж
ˮǵѪȴۿˡ
һаһоͱѪˡ̾Ǿŵġ
ǰ࣬ǲԽĺ蹵̾Ϣ
ˣûɱܲˣϧôһš
ϧʲô֮ǰǿ˸ͷûӡ

㣬ô죿ü˵
ҲǵĲѣֹ˶ģˮҪˣǶ군ˣǲֻ˭ҲԸ
ôģȵȣǾȥƴˡ˵
ˮȣܿƽʵҲܾȣû뵽ˮԳסһʶһɱҲǿԷϵԷеˡ
ˮ⣬Է־ԼأûսͲҪ֣Ե˵ʴȾǶԼĲ̡
ˮ¶Ц⣬Ȼһǡ
׷
֮
΢΢㵣ȴٴγˮһˮʩչǽ͹Χ
㿪ˣ
Ӹӡ
ˮһɫķӰ˳ȥͨҪǼĿԼϵ˺٣ԷĹ䣬ֻˮһ˺
ȭ
һ˫սƺ֮ǰľ޴ƽˣ˵ٶƺûô죬ҲûôǿĹ
Է˺ǿȻһ̶ϴ100000ĹٶȺȭɵʵ˺ȴԶԶ100000
ء
˫ĹϵĽһ𣬿бˮһŤЩŤſֲ˺ʵõֱӻᱻ˺顣
ԽԽ𾪣ȭԼԵٶȾȻ޷ˡ
˭ףǾԵ޵УܶǰҲ֣Լһ򣬿⿪һЩΪʲôĹôǿȻκβޱȵ𾪡
ˮҲû뵽֪׻ǿû뵽ԼЩ˾ȻҲͳƽԼҪʩչɱﵡ


2419 װ챻
ǰݼƿأǰݼҵĲţа죬ֻǳǰף˶֮λ
ҲãҲãײһɲģ˭ʵǿܳΪףΪ֮׵ȨޣһЩĶЩ׵ʵ⴫С
˵׵Ĳôױµģ˵ʵǿ
治ʱ䣬ճɾͲ˵
˵˲ϣϰ߲׸ĵˮЦ˵
ǺǣٽҼԡ
˵󶴸֡
ʮǾŶĶɫģǿˮ۾һȻʩչ񾳵ʵȻֻ񾳵һʵȴھȴǳˮ
ҿȹҿʹóһʵ˵ڻþѹƶ֡ǿƷ
ˮﲻģǻʵѾᱻֵľѹƣԼǻʵǻ֮䣬ƽпܻ䡣
ѹǿֲģ֮ѹǿֲģ֮ǰչֵʵѾ˵ˣˮûɽļ⣬һˣ⻹ǿ˺ܶܶ࣬ȻһҪˮ
ھ类ѹƵĻǾٶǱɱķݡ
ҵȭˮٴγ˹ѹˮ֮ͷųѹоһο԰ҲҪˡ
䣡
һ֮ȴǷɺ֮ǰһʱİ·𿴼ʲô˼һ΢ЦˮôҲܽ顣
͵һ߹ߵǻʵܾѹơˮҲûֱ˵
ֲãˣȴǲ֪ôˣԵΪ⿴һߣʹñ˸ǿԲſԳΪס
һ࣬һ©һBUG
޷ˣֻԾѹƣʵѾʹһʵˣʹóһˡ˿ʹ100000ǼޣӦÿʹ200000
ѹƣ˹ֻʣ50000ʵˣ200000ʵɱ50000ʵ練ƣǾ粻ѹƣһʵҲɴܶ֡
ھȴò¡
ˮĻ֮ɼɽļ󣬴ˮϵĹʵͲ100000ˡ
һʼˮ͸о˰ĹǿΪ˺أڲ֪͵һߵ
ˮǻʵмҲûͰġ
ûгޣֻʹһ񾳣ǰ˵ĿԼûκΣ֪гҲûãһ񾳵޺Լʵ˺ֻܶ࣬е˺ڲпֳܳԽʵޡ
ˮʱȴŰ˵Ҳаɡ
ˮ˵ֱһתƴ˹ȥ
ɫĹΣһ
ž
һֱӴ˰ϣɫˣҲһ˿Ѫˮʵֻǽ˰ɵķ˵ˮĹǺƿķתȫӷġ
ҲǹǿֻһЩˣһ¸ɫˡ
ڻû˿ʹóԽ100000ʵû˿ʹóԽʵڵķκιܳΪס
ھȻˣǹܿ£ڻоԼܻᱻɱ
ˮ֪ɱһ֪תɱԷˮɱﵣиѪصĿйԽϣⶫӦÿɱ죬ˮɱﵣһܲþͲá
ʱȴǳɽɫСɢʥȴϬĹâ糤СԳƵ䣬ǿľûһ˸С
ɫˣˮǴΣ
ˮЦˣ˵˵
νʶκβ㣬ҲҸоƴһûʲô˼˵أ쿴ˮ
ɱַ·𣬶Ҳܵκ˺ˮܹϵ˵
Ծ𺳣ˮоԷƺڿЦ˵ʲôҿ԰ɣ˵һ֮ʻҪиؤѣô˵Ҳؤǿɣ罻Ρ
ҿɱĶӣǲ֮𡣡ˮ˵
Ҫǰ˵վˣɸΪ񲯣ܶ˶Ե±ԹҾиѣڿ˵ֵܣɱһĺӣҲɱΪˣһֱǻֵܡƽ˵
ˮȻȥĻϣˮʵûɱˣϾףԼҲûף֮ǰйһ˲뷨ҡҡͷ
Ҫס


2420 ǰ򣬾ǹ
ˮջɽŰЦûдȥ򣿡
ҡҡͷˮ˵ȻҲԳԵĿվû
ˮŰЦˣҲǣſֲƣݴбȥҲǲģҪˣȥûµʱһȾƵġ
ˮһ˫صģ߰Ȼ뿪ˣҲ᲻ʱĻģЩ黹Ҫõģ
Ȼӭʱһ׼þƹӭֵܡЦ˵
еĿɬԼ֪ˮĿ־廹ѹˮĴھͷ·ͷһѵֻҪԷԸͿɵԼһֱǴ򶥼˵ı
㲻ԷûҪ׵λãҲ᳤ǸϢҲǰѣ˺׼ԼֻҪ񹲷ߵĻ˾ҲԼ֡
ҲǲеңһҲıòˣԼĶܱڻܣоԼҪڴһߵٴǰһ㡣
¶ŵ΢ЦƺҵĿꡣ
ãһΪˣˮڰ֡
ǣһֱˮ͵˳⡣
ܶ˶֪˾ȻԺףȻڿвûзֳʤʵﶼеףٰûаˮȻΪϵ
Ͼɱ֮
֪ǰ򣬴ﶼǺܼǿ򣬽֮ʵûгһս
簡뻼жԶ쿴Զһ޼ʣѾΣյĻ֮ء
ˮЦˣ֪Ǹ˶ٵ·ˣ
ʮ˰ɣҲȷ˵
죬ǶʮˡϪ˵
ˮóһŵͼʳǸ㵽ģľ룬Ц·ǺԶܿܵ򡣡
ȥǸ򣿡սʱʵ
ͨĽ֮͵˾֮ǾһǾ򡣡ˮ˵
ֿûĻߵءս˵
ΪоŸܴǣ֮ǣҪֵĺܶ࣬ãǾŸǸʢһǱʢְܳΪġˮЦˡ
;򻹺ãһȣȻûʲôӰ죬оǲáŵЦ˵
˵̫ΪůĶ죬ļʱҲǻẮѩ׷סˮǲģ̫ˣ˵Ÿ̫ʮ̫ҲѾˡ
һ·ϳһЩǿޣԲ磬ˮǰܲһ·ϵնɱˮĵǾȻնɱֻԶŴѪޣֱѪǿ
оУҲµ·ԶһƬһĻһޱ޼ʣ£ңκηޱ޼ʡ
߲һǿҵѹΧͨıؾ֮·ȥ򣬵ﲻκ˶ܴģοʱߵĻյؾͲ˭ܹģҲһȻϰɡ
ûʲô̫ƣ˶˹ȥ˲·еˮһһ˲ʶƺһģ
ѹʱָо·գ֮䣬ַ·ǲ׺ɣȥһ
һѹˮ͸о鶯֮˸оӵͬʱˮоԼʵû˻ѹƣһжָˡ
Ǿˮ̧ͷգȻһ㶡
һְڿչžſѣÿһѿСӪ̫̫СſѲֻ࣬ܶ࣬ȴڸǲסſѵĹ⻪
ĺƯĸоǺãֲõ˲Ը뿪Ϫĵ˵
˭˲뿪ʵ
ԼġϪǺЦȻ죺㲻ϲ𣿡
ϲ

ǽһ޼ʵĲԭɭ֣һûʲôľ¶ǿݲݣҲвٵ٣ҲͲϥǸߣвٵɽʯʯ¡
ȴǿ磬Ҳ˵ˮûĻһʱʱǲ֪ôԻȥġ
߰ɣҸطţ˳ϤĻˮȻѾˣֻһ񾳣ʵǲĹӦúܶ࣬ԼʵһЩй治Ƶġ
ԭܶͷĴڣˮ򣬷һ·ǲġ
ʱ䲻˳Ľһǳأǳǣڱǹ
ҲǽǳǺ֪ģĻʳԼһЩĸۡһЩѧԺȡ


2421 ǳʶʱб
ͺ׵ĿһЩžݳνĴڣƺҲôˣڷ֧Ƿ֧ķ֧ǰֵһ
ǹǾһ˵ϿյľŸÿһǾһʵ˵ǹǵõеıǵľˡ
ξ˾˵ǹһرĵطб񸮣Ǹطƺ꿪һΣ֮õǵľˣʲô˾Ҫ˻ԵˣȻƿڱǹ
񸮺󶼻һԵĵֿɣԵĹɵٶȡ
ʵݣǿ˿ԿƻˣĻᷴˣˮ𣬵԰ˮһͰˮһС¯𲻵һƬ
ֻǱǸǹһˣ˵вٱľˣڶʲôûм֪ˡ
ˮû뵽Լһ۵ǿĹȣžŸǣǲǾŸᱻŸǷֱˣŸӦǾǿļ
ǲ²⣬һõ˾ͻǿģ¶⡣
ÿÿץ
ˮһ˲ųߵϣǰһֱײҴĺš
ˮûбҪ£ԾÿԶһȺž޴޳˹
ףһСŮĽ
ܶ˶ÿˣֻһСѾͷˤˣ޴޾Ҫ̤Źȥ
椡һŮӿ޺ţ˲ʺ;
ˮҪֵʱֱһƽֻ޴޴ˣ޲ɣһȥСŮʮҲȵġ
˱СŮ
ǣϴŭĺ
֮г˾ޣȻ˱ǴŶңλ޷ڵģ꿴˵˾Ѿסˡ
үҪҪǶץһС˵
ˮʱſ꣬Ͳ󣬳ҲֻܿḡݻֻǸղűˤԿеǱ
ʵҲ죬˵Ǹˡ
л椿ллˡŮӴнӹСŮϽ˵
л˭ҲֵġЦȻŶңȴúܶ˶Ǹо֡
ллɽ㣡СѾͷ֮ǰľţĵ˵
þСѾͷСԴʱдһ㶫Ҳ͸СѾͷһ컯
ɱҵޣң㡣ʱ˹ֻ۾һֱˡ
п񱼣Ҫǳ֣СŮûˣڻ˼վˣҪҪˡ˸Ŷҿ겻õ˵
ǳôôҲʲô£첻ʲôˣҲҪԼķ겻мЦˡ
ǲ֪ôˣˮʱ΢Цռߡ
һǳأǱǹҲûзһ竣ĺ̨ӲΡ
ң⳥ˡֱһָˡ
ˮ۾𣬿֪ߵغ꣺֪ôд𣿡
ҪɱңҪɱҡߵ˴Ц˵
үǾһȺɵӣү˵ôʰҲǿЦ
ˮ֪ΪʲôôеһߣôҲôûоɣˮʼߵˣˮЩпһߡ
߿ͨϢޣˮעһ²ܸܵߵʵȻǶԲ硣
Ȼˮ뿪˻ʵҲ˶Բ粻٣ⲢǴ粻ǿˣ򶴸Ͼﵽ񾳵ֻһЩŶļ˼ʮˣһŶˣʮˣࡣ
һʵһʳһ˿ɼˣֻһ֡
߿ˮҲһ㶣˳ˮ˵ĸǳǵĳĸǱǹʵŮ
ˮΪʲôеˡ
˵ү³çǲѰ
ߵ󣬵ˮ˻ǿͦġ
үүѵǱ㻹ǿ𣿡üǿľߣĸ׶ʮֵ簮ǲĸףȻôһǿ߱ʵ˷ˡ
ǿɱҡߵܸߣҲˮʵֲܿ𾪣ôȴôֲ˭ҵӵܣ򵥵ʻҵӵܶûô֮
Ҳǳһ亹竣ֲɵߵһ˵ղǾǶĸŮϵԷСԺ͸ǣٸǰӸѹ
һӵͷõģү
꿴ˮλ֮ǰòԣѵǣ֪ˣɱҡ
ˮ۾һСӺܻı֮ǰҲǺܹˣϾҪһǿߵŮˣˮʵ׷ܲң


2422 ϴƣ֪Ů
ˮоʶʱҪΪбǳ⹫ǱʣǾصĴ⻷ߵﶼǿԺߵٲɲģܶ˶Ҫͽ
һ竣ȻԵͷˮִ㵣˭˵ԲУ˭˵ûӣ˭˵竿Դ󡭡
ˮյҲֱӾ͸Լô鷳֮ǰˮҲҪɱԷҲˣ֪ҪɱأûҪСèСƽôࡣ
Ȼᣬ⿪˾ͺˣ͵ΪֹˣҲ·ˮ˵
׻˵ʶô˵Ҳˣɫˣ뿪Ҳǳˣ絽ϢһЦ˵
ˮЦ𣿡
㣬Ȼ㣡Ц
ˮֻ뿴굽ʲôУ˳Ϊѵģһÿ˵ĴȻκκøС
֮ԴӦǰȥΪ֪ӦòưոݣˮҲ޿֣׼ͨӴ߼һЩˣƲףˮһʵѣֻҪֵͿˡ
ֻˮһʱе˼ɣϾֱӺͱƺе̫ˣұǹҲǾǿļ֮һڱʵȴʵһҲ˽⡣
ǳǱǹϲǳأҲĳǳأǳǵĳϴǵصˣǵصĴ壬ϴҵľţȻҲǲȢʵŮġ
ҵСĶӣС簮ǱŮĺӣʴͻʱϴѾˣʻǴͻˣֻǹȻǼĸŮҲ˵ʲôǸĸϻϴǲ
ϴ׳꣬һжǳ۷ʱڣΪѾˡ
ҲΪС˼תĺܿ죬ֻҪЩŪԼ׸
ҲΪĸ׳磬ȴǺܳףֻ״ûиɫһĺӣǸûӵŮ˹ߵģȻôԼסǸ
˶ĽȢòĹòԺգ˭֪ϴʹﱻŮ˽ûмҵĸоڼû¡
ˮһҲΪ߽˳ǫ̂ͤ¥󣬼ɽˮþȴֲʧܶطһǴֱʣԳ
ҲΪ˴ˮȥסĵط뿪ˡ
ˮҲΪ뿪ӰЦˡ
ǺˣᰲģܿӦþͻжЦ˵
㻹ЦǱǹ޿ǱʵϪһ˵
ⲻˮ𡭡ĵĺһ
ˮ˶Ǵ˸žǶЦˣЦˣŮҲЦˣϪֱӸһȭܲһЩ
СԺҲССԺǰԺ¥ÿ¥ɣסûκ⡣

ҲΪʱһһŮںȲ裬ʱҲΪŮ˵ĸףҽڽϱ˴ˡ
ŮϸüëһҲΪиүү𣿡
үү˵ԷɱҲΪҲûѱʲôȻֵýûж٣ǹ˭ӡ
Ů۾ˣʵȻô֪ϵʵǳǾǺֲֲܿܿˣɱʲôڣԼ˿ԣԼڱǹҲһˡ
أŮüͷĺ
ˣǵˣ֪ѣҲѡҲΪ˵
ĺܶԡʱһ˽
ϴЩǳ۸ΪôҲָ˵ɣŮ˵
˿Ůˣôô£ڻûʶ壬ǱʵŮûǳǣͻʳǶԶ˵ǹǿߺܶ࣬ϵĲһǿġ
Ů˺ϴһۣ۸ſˣƨҷţǲ˰ôͿŮ˲м˵
ϴŬԼƽ˵ǲ
Ҫǲ֣ҿҪˡŮ˿ϴ˵
˵ܲܲҪ鷳ϴͷ۵˵
Ѿҹϴ֪Ů˻Ҫࡣ
Ը۸ҿɲԸ⡣
Ǹ˵ʵֲܿôȴŲʵܼʲô˶ǱǹƫԶĵط֪ʲôɽ߻ʵԶ֪ʲôǱ޳Ī𣿡
ѵôˣŮ˲ʵ˵ʵϴĻһԴˣûаκ˷ױϾǱʡ
һᣬȥ㲻Ҫˡϴ̾˵
Ů˵ͷû˵
ϴˣߵʱ򻹵ҲΪһۣѧ֪Ժ֣
ǷŮ˵



2423 ͬĹɽؾ
ϴ뿪֮ˮһ˵СԺȥЩǸŮ˺ǸĶ˶ٻǸŮ˵ĻǶû츳֪һ;ûǰ;ٰʱǲǡ
кޣϴƣ˼֮һֱġ
ߵСԺˮԺӣϴֻһ۾֪˲򵥣ܲ򵥣Ӧþһ˵죬һ˫峺˵ı»ԣܸо˲ǳվԱسɴ
ϴӭǵң֮ǰС֮ϴº͵ˮЦ
ˮڶԷԼʱҲڴˣģţдһһͺøУˮʱȴǹĿãˡ
Ųţҿһ𣿡ϴЦ
֮ǰˮЦݣ죬ûж⣬ӦǿʲôҲɻ󣬲Ҳûʳ
ɣߣȥˮָŲԶʯʯʡ
ϴгˣһϵܸоرͶԵϴЦ˵Ļ˵Եеˬ
ˮЦſϴֿˡ
֪ǸĶðˣֵЦҲʵ࣬Ǹҹĺҡϴ̾˵
ˮһ㶣뵽Ů˵ݶʱˣĵͷŮ˲̫ˡ
ϴˮεҡҡͷ㲻֪ͨҲ򲻵ãû»۸Ůˡ
ˮЦ˵
ûã˳ǸŮ࣬ǸŮ˾ͻᵹùȻǲϴƺҲ¶ˣǸоˮ˿ס
ˮҲǶȷʵûвõĸоЦ˵𣿡
ôôңʽң֪ʵϲˡϴƵ˵
ϸϲ𣿡ˮˡ
˵ʵϲȻһϲģǰϲҵŮˣô꣬ôһˡϴ˵
ϸ֪ͬĹ𣿡ˮЦˡ
ͬĹţ֪Ȼʲôʵȴǿ˫ϲԷģǴ˵еĶϴ˵
͸ðɡ
ˮͬĹѾ̫ʱˣοɾͬĹѾҳ˺ܾˣˮûժųôãܸоеΥԸ
̫ˣҲաϴϽ˵
ϸ磬ҲûãҪ컵Ҳ㣬ʵģͬĹҲԲһЩˮЦ
̫ˡ
ˮͬĹֻԵˡ

ˮֻǸоϴ˲ҴŵõϢ治Ҫ˵һ㲻ãܲһŮˣŮر簮ǸҲΪ˲ٻ¡
ϴΪӾ⳥Ҳؽձһ٣Ž̲ģϴҲûа취Ҵӣ˵Ů˵ĺӣŮ˹ƶƴŮˣһҲˡ
ڶϴٴˮɫҲͬڵƺ˲٣ˮĵ˸ܱϵлл
㶨ˣˮҲܿġ
㶨ˣƺ˸ˣȻ簮ӣûſˣƺ˺ܶ࣬ʶǸŮ𡣡ϴЦݡ
°ı֣ڰ㣬ȻҪΪ㿼ǡˮ⡣
ţϵֲҵźϸ粻֪ôлл㡣ϴϵ˵
ϸ磬ҲǸо˺ϣ˵㲻ĻҪΪϸ磬ҹںǶˡˮп˵
֪ϵǳҶûκΰաϴǺЦ
ţˣأˮʵ
Ǹļһﱻ͵үүˣүү꣬Ҫѧˡϴҡҡͷ
Ϊʲô鷢û뵽󻯸ɸΪ񲯣Ҳ㲻ϣڸס죬ˮ˱뿪ˣ쵹Ҳ֪ٵϢ⻹һӣֻһ֣ˮ˻ʳʲôĻһá
ˮ֪ǶԷһƬ⣬ܲõûпǡ
ϴǸǿߣǿڱǹߵһˣȻǸε˲٣Ļڱǹǰһٶѽ
ˮֱȥʳ￴ˣϴҲõ˲ٵϢ֪ʳ￿ɽ˵ھɽؾܶ˶½ȥ
ˮ֪ԼܸܲϣϾڶѾ˽ȥˣϴˮΣգرΣգԾͣϰȥҲüϴȰˮʹҪȥҲҪСĵ㣬ҪСΣҲҪСΧΣա
ˮ֪ϴԼʲô˼ǲȥġ


2424 ؾصۣ
ʳǣ
ˮһ˵ûʲô鷳ϵ˻ʳǡ
ˮվڻʳУһָ֮һּݻϢǳȷʵҪ٣ǸоҲرķ
ˮһֱȥ˾ɽ
ɽλúܺң˵ɽҲͨɽһΣǲͲˣͣˮһ˸ϵ˾ɽ
ɽھɽκι֮УһЩĳȵģǹоһΣڱǹʥر񸮾ڱǹһξɽ
ɽܸߣӴޱȣԶԶȥһ޴Ǿɽʥأ࣬Ҳ࣬ĵرֵࡣ
˾ɽ£˲࣬ҲǺ٣ʵʲôʱǲЩ˶ǽðյˣһЩʱ򣬱ĳıؿʱ˻ࡣ
ɫˣӦòؾĽڣȻôˡ
ҵһʹ֪֮ﻹؾڣؾʱܳˣܶ˶ȥˣҪȥһ㶼ǺͽȥˣȥڹҲȥŻῴ˲ࡣ
Ȼˮһ˾ֱӽȥˣһ·϶Ǿи·Ҳûжôۡ
֮ûжþͿһεĽţԲεģһɽ֮һǶɽϡ
һֱӽȥ
һȥ֮ޱȵĳӯ˺ܶ࣬ʵܶﲢΪѰΪ
ؾؾһԵģһ˷־ͻԶֱнľȻΪһؾݺܶƵĶڣѾûбĳΪһߵĶĳΪһַ
ؾʵһݴڵλãһĿռ䣬һ־ͻԶڣһЩĿռÿһʱͻῪһΡ
ǰһۣ˭ҲȥǻԶһһ˱Թ
ˣ뿪ˣû˶۱ϣˣ˵ʲôԶŴΧƲ
ôһкöϧ˭ҲȥŽɽûơ
ܽȥҲֲǵõö˵ڿȥ˱Ǹż

ˮ˼һЩҪԵ֣ԼϻǲģҲû˵ֱǰȥûдȥѯЩ˵
ⶼ뿪ˣ˽һ˿Ǻᰡ֮ǰȺ˵
㿴滹мƯŮˣƯһݻ˶ˮеļŮ˵
ˮ٣ô뿪ʱŮ˻ȥ˴Ȥ
ǼȥԽԽǾ⼸Ů˱ҵЩŮ˶ÿ
ˮÿŮǺջˮﰡ֮ǰ˸п
Ů˾˵ÿŮֻǿӵУû㹻ʵͲҪӵƯŮˣȻֻܻ޾ѣɱ֮ƯŮ˾õı

ѣˮٵֱסˮ˵ȥ·
ţôˣˮ΢ЦſŶԷ
ˮ߲ʮˣϾؾһ㶼Ǻܶһ˶ʲôҲơ
ˣؾѾûʲôöˣе㶫ſֲػţҸоҲ򲻹Щޡˮ΢Ц˵
ǾתתûȥЩǿĴڣҸطһʱ䣬㿴ܳ֡ˮЦЦ
ˮһ˶ˣ˸оʵУȻҲһЩ˺ǿ󣬵ǿһҲģĶߺˡ
Ҳ׼ҸطϢһʱ䣬һɣҲиӦˮٿĵ˵
˼ǲϲİһ𡣡ˮЦˡ
ˮһ㶣ȻǲʶܿʶˣҲչ㡣
ǲҪչˡٺ˵
Ҳ˵۹һֱڼŮ
ҪˮǿǲչǡһܲƵ˵
ʲôҽʲôֱӻص
˿졣
ǣһȺЦ
ˣǲ£һǸ߸İɣˮˮЦ
ûôҶˮ񣬲֪ʲôʱôţˮЦţţһʲô鶼Լƿصĸо
ʵ仰ǵģĪǾƾⶴ۷ʵˮˮ١
һǿҲˮ٣۷Ķ磬ʵʵĺܲǿˣھݵʵǿԺܽġ
ˮͫû뵽˿һۿʵˮˮ˶ˮʵģˮٿˮʵʵ֮ǰоʵǴġ


2425 ֲĶתƣʥ
ˮĻˮٺ𾪵ģҪ֪һﵽʵľǷëǵĴڣˮپţ۹ΪҲǺܽһðյġ
ʱٴˮߵˣǲԼۡ
ܿˮɫͻָЦſˮҫǹˮˡ
ˮ֪žŸǿʵÿʵͿеһǳйϵҫǹǣͱǹһģˮҫǹôˮ֪ˮҲѶԷˮڿԷҲǲһ
ûҪߣÿˮûµС
ǲأˮ΢Ц˵
ǾֻðŲˡˮ˵겻ٿֱӰ˹ȥȭȻ¡
񱩵ױȵƣƸȭͱȭĽϣΧĿռ䶼һĲΣۿɼģдŭХԴʯ
ˮɫһ䣬̫ˣͻȻϵһӵĹΣŹ֣ˮٵƺʵȻˣˮһӡ
Ѹٳһ͡
Ҳм
󷨺˰ʵ۳һ߻۵ǰˣʵҲȱǺƣǰ֮˶ֻܱܶ򣬲Ȼ󷨾ͻɢһû£ܷһԪתԼҲᱻɱʵԵסһϵԪ֮͡
ʱˮٵʵȻгһ߳ǽҲǵҲǰҲﵣƺЩۺϣޱȵˮɱȥʱˮʵҲǿֲޱȡ
ˮ󷨸֣ȻЩҲ֪ˮսپ󷨿쵶նԼնϧʵСԼ
ˮپڵʵˮǲ˲ֹһȻǺˮڵķȡ
תƣ
ˮˮûκκøУ˻ɱԼԾ͸ûκԥֱȫһ״̬ˮһǳ500000ĹҪȫӷĹ
ˮǶ۷壬Ҳʥһʵӵʵܳ150000300000ʵʹ1500005000000ʵʹҲ1500000
ɾ󷨵ӣʵҲ350000ң400000ˮ⶷תһҲǿ걬
˸գ޴һĹ£ֱӽЩȫ֡
䣡
򵥵һȴһжֹˣг̣Ҳǳ˾޴Ĺ֣죬ѪԼѪҺʲôʲôҲû£ȫʧˡ
𾪣ȻǵһμǸоޱȵ𾪣ˮʱЦǸһиң˭ҵ˭ģһʵ
ˮ˵ǿʼѰңûսҵˣĵĺҵˡ
ս񲻹ȴҪˮЧãھһʵҲûʲô̫壬һʵȴǲһ
ˮҡҡͷˣĻԵѪΣÿμһһʱ䣬˵ˣ˭ҵ˭ġ
һСٴǰ
ǽܲҵö֪ˮڵõһҲջСǰ治ϵѰң޿ѰޣѰǿ֮һ
ۣ
ǰеۣöˡˮ˵
ˮҲˣһǺܴĵֻۣƣɢĳص֣ܶ˶ڳôȥһδα󷨣ȴûгԱ⣬вﲻϵĳԡ
ߣҲȥˮ֮ǰѾˮһ˵ۣ۵ʱЩȡ
۳ڰסʮ׺ʮףֻ׼һףˮеġ
۱˵ֻСǰĵۣһЩͱ۶Ҫˡ
ȥҶһǧˡ˾ɥ˵
ӦңȥˣôƾͻųȥˡЦ
⵹ҲǣΪʲôҲҪ㲻ȥ֮ǰ˵
Ҫһɳ죬ҪͷزðǲܵģǸǿ߲ǲ˵ĿݹģǸǾε˺ǺЦ
㵹˵һһף˵Ҳ˵

ˮ˵ﲢûע⣬ܶѾΧ޵߳ԱߺȾƣ죬Ҳ⣬Ⱥþƣڳ⣬ʶѣżҸŮȺȺҲѣ
ˮҲһӶðߵʽҲǺܶϴʶصķ飬ЩΣգ˵һغˡ


2426 󣬿ֲħʨ
ʲôأҡҡˮ֡
ˮعԼ˺һˣҡҡͷȥǱߣҿ浽ʲô󷨡
ѾԿ϶󷨡
Χǻ֮أ˵ǻҲвٵӲݣϡϡľ޴ľһѰѾ޴ɡۼˣ⻹˲֪٣֮ǰ۵ʱ򼸺ˡ
¹ȥʣµѾٺˣ֮࣬ЩвǿߣЩ˻϶Ծھ;ϿԿ϶ûУϾÿ̫ˣر̫ʵ
ͨ
ˮۣһҲһȻסˮߣȫڵˮǿʵĿĶ
ֻһ񲻴󣬴Ҳʮ׸ߣϣһֵѹׯʥǰиӣһŹӣһһĶ
ˮУٿطûʲôҲУˮо̨ϵĲ
ջߣˮʼΧ󷨡
ˮû䲻ڣˮ󷨵ѾƵʦԵʦԶʱڵ󷨶ˮ˵ҲûʲôƣˮŲ󷨣Ҳһˮ޴ʱ
ûжţˮ¶΢ЦǸ󷨣󡢾󣬴󷨲󷨵Ļᱻ⣬ҲǱȥǻ󣬻ǲ˲ϲɱ˼϶ԼǿţлţҾԻý˴ųصԭء
ҲΪܶ˾ϲﴳϾûΣգĽ˵˵׼ľͿһɳˡ
ˮߵһͿʼ󣬶ö󷨵ĿԣûΣգ˵ˮҲ
ˮŮһЩʼԽ
ˮŮϵߵģ˳ܿ˾󣬽һˮϸоΧĻ䣬ɽˮ㣬һ޼ʶҰ
Ѹٵǰ·һ޼ʣôҲ߲ͷ
ţˣ
ˮⰺĴԭһĵطȴһ磬ǰѩбܴһȾ·һͯ硣
ϵı任ῴ޳ڵƣʱͻһţžţ߽ȥͻڽ󷨵
ˮ߽ţ죬ȻῪ֮·еĳԼΧĻˮûʲôϵǰ
Ůǳ֮Ͳٽȥˣޱȵĸ
һʼǱΣǿȥ󣬿ɺܿͻ߽ų
ˮǰѾʮвٵĳǰһ磬ֳܶߵƣҲвٶ֣˾ƣߡ
ܶ˶֪ǻþþǺ֪һжǼٵģҲûκΰ취
ٴһˮ˵ָۣоˮеֲʵˣſȴֻɫʨӡ
ֻʨӴҲ׸׳;ֻСʱֻӲӵʨȴɢֲѪϢֻȭͷС۾Ѫɫģ˵궼о·ڲ
ħʨ
ˮ֪Ѿûţټ棬ֻħʨǿȡģʱˮһˮѹ˹ȥ
ǿ
ˮоֻ֣ħʨ򵥣ˮֻ֪ħʨǿܸоֻħʨƺô

񱩵ĺ֮һֻħʨֱˮȥһ˶ǶôĿ죬Ӱȴֵϣлһ־磬ħʨξһ־磬һľ磬ӰΧԪƺѹҲγһһ
ôˮһͨ׷ʹ˳
һħʨٶһЩˮֽڶԷһ£ӰȻһ֡
ȻΣǾԡ

ž
ǲɶܵģˮûжħʨκ˺
֮
Ӹӡ
תƣ
һĿֲɱУֱӴħʨϡ
ˮȵķⱻתƴеħʨȻûκεƣƺκӰ졣
ǳԽ500000ӷĹĹȻû˺ôܣ
٣棡
ˮһ߶һ뵽ʵǲ
ɽ

ʱֻħʨһ
أ
ˮһֻħʨȴǱһֻħʨˣˮǿķȻĵˣˮԼŵľǿǿķɽļԼҪֲܿʵ
Ȼ΢ˣħʨҲǱģɼħʨĿֲ


2427 ħʨսż۵
ɽˮûʹãó˻ƽսһɨǧϯһɨ˹ȥ
ƽսдϵļʣȻߣʱ䳤ȻԣħʨаţһֽǼӲޱȡ
ԡ
ɽ
糤ɽϬޱȣֱӴһֻħʨĺȴˮǳԾħʨȻûκѪҺҲûܵκεӰ졣
ħʨǰڣǲһĴڣʵӦúˮ֮սż࣬ʵˮڵ֮սżҪǿܶࡣ
ϧⶫǱ˵ģǱ˵սżӡǻڣˮǺĨսżӡǣϧûа취ִ糤ɽƺûа취ɱԷ
ɽϬڴħʨڵʱܵһֿɽ޷̽ħʨĹС
ˮϣ˻ƽսϣϣܴЧħʨɢ
ɢˮоۣɢԼܻԼȣҪħʨսżҲա
꣡
ٸӴ֮ˮĻƽսꪴһֻħʨǰ֫ϣƺرöžͿֻħʨȻѸСֻһߴСֹˡ
ɢӡǣˮǰ顣
ܿͨˣħʨӡƽ취ǴħʨĹͷħʨֲľһĹ̸ף򲻶ħʨһСǿ
Ҫħʨֻһֱ۵ʶǽĴڣϾ˶Ѿˡ
սżӡǲʧӡǳƵԼ
һˮļˣʣµֻħʨǧغ֮󷢳ҲһߴСľʨӣӡʧָδ״̬ʱˮֱ֮ϵƺˡ
֮սżˮˡ
ħʨ֮սżбȽսż˵һδ״̬ͻָܵ˺ֻҪǱָܻ
ֻСʨӣˮҲֱ߽ۡ
ûбʲôģˮ֮ǰ濴Ĳһһ˿͵ĹΣҡݻȴ˸оׯʥ̲סĤݵĳ嶯
ˮߵǰǸ˰ݣϵֱʰã۾Ϳʼ΢΢ˮɫһ֪ҪˣѸ߳Уͽһš
¡
ɫĵۺȻΧҲʧˡ
ûˣҿȥڱ˾ϲĺ
̫ˣûа׵ȣҵģ˭ҲҪ

һʱҳһţ˲ٵĳͻﶪС
ˮûжкˣ߰ɣûʲôöˣȥǰ߿ˡ
˵ͷˮ뿪ǲ֪ˮΪʲôûȥڱ֪ˮһԼõɡ
ǲǽȥˣǲΪġˮߺǺЦ
ףСôˮֲɫڱһѣ⻬ָ̣ͦкܺá
ȥҪн㡣ˮ֣һۡ
һ˵ҵ㺰ҺøˣԣĹͷˡˮζЦ
һ糺죬Σ·ҪγˮһˮеԲҲ˵ˣҡ
뿪ǰôһξûпһˣﲢؾǰ治иۣһξӦû˵ġ
ΪѰ޵ģһ·Ϸ˲ٵҩݣ㲻رĸƷݣʤϡȱˮҲرˡ
һǰˮܿˣϾûжãѾõ˺öؾˮоǺйϵһħʨѾ׬˸
һֱڣһ·ǵٶҲǺܿ죬ؾǺܴ󣬲ѾҲʱĿԿˡ
ɽ̫ˣȥѾôˣҲûм˭õñһȺߣһӵ˵
Ҳô˵˾͵õ˸öԵõһƿҺȻֱͻ˺ü磬ֱӴĶͻƵ˰˶찡

ɽ£˺ܶ࣬ϵɽֲ̫ˣԴ󲿷˶ѡɽȵٽȥ
ܶзᣬϾѾˣľʲôĻǺ׵ġ
ˮɾопƶľݣõľƳɵģǰ񣬺ԼɾôõĿռ䲻̫˷ˡ
Ҹյطݰȥֱһׯ԰ˮŮз䣬ҲУ˲ÿһˣϪȻһ䣬˴󲿷ֶһӣÿӰڷû⣬ʣ¾ûжٿռˣַݾ棬ҪϢġ


2428 ı
ˮŮһ䣬һ뷿֮͵ɾ
뿴еļʲôǱ伮ֻܱҳдһֹϵζһ˿ĽɫŵͼͼǺԼԿһɽˮľ
ƤûһҳͿиͼǸǹˮ΢עⷢòȫǹ棬ꪡӣҪʽϤ
ʽ
ˮһⲻǹʽ𣿲ܿˮͷв֮ͬͼеĹʽҪĿ񱩺ܶ࣬ļɣʽˮϤ
ȭ
ˮ۾һⲻڱȭĹʽ𣬽ˮڶҳһֱþҳӦĹʽ
ˮźܺõĵӣǺ֣ƽսˮһη˿ֲ֮ǰˮһֱŬѱȭںڹʽУҲȡ˲СͻƣϧһͼеĹʽ֪֮ǰԼںǶôɡ
ǹʽļǿ棬棬ڵˮ绢֮ǰһֱѻƽսֹꪷˣϾƽսꪶ籩ȭˡ
ںˣⶫֱΪԼģˮߵļǹս
ȻˮӣеͨдŹΣ·ȼյĻ棬ûκζ˵ĵر磬Ʈǧģ⼸ӿܺãֻûκһζ
ͨ
ɹ
ص֮ĵɹʹúʮΪΪӺ츳йϵÿ˰ֻʹһмɣеʹúһɣеʹúûκα仯õڶЧϻήһ룬Դơ
ˮһⲻǺԼΪģֻǴΪһɹֵϺöΪ
ˮڸоԼûбҪʹõɹɾڵΪʺѸǰȹ̵Уʮ꣬ɾ̫ãԼɾ̤ʵˡ
ˮŰĿǿĽϡ

Ľ˵̫ĵĿʯ̺ǿźܶôԶȵȡ
Ȼܼܺ򵥣ˮǺģһСͷȴǺأлƽսԶˣǿԿǡ
ˮ뵽Լ֮սżǲ£뵽ˮ˻жħʨҲ֮սż֮սżħʨκһֻļֵԶԶ֮սżڵħʨʵҲԶԶ֮սż
ˮڲ֪ǸǸħʨ֮սż
֮սż𻵵ģҲάޣԺ޺˻ᵽʲô磬ˮǾά֮սżܸо֮սż򵥣ħʨ˵׼ҪһЩ
֮ˮص䣬Ůڴϻû˯ţƺ˵ʲôˮֱ˱Уһ÷䰲ˮûܹ֮֮ʵѹܴ
ˮ첲ŮǺϵһһ˯£·û·һӽһ𣬱ķͦˮеڸ
Ǹǲʲôˮ˵ʱԼĺ˶
Ҳ˷ӦŮ˵ֻˮȥ
ֻǣȴһֻ֣һֱ֣һ㶣򱱻ŮĿһӺ͸ˣˮŮεģʲôҲˣֱӻǣ˵·÷飬סһ˲һʪ֮أһһִֽ
ͣȡţŸֶŮҲſˣˮһ֮
аˮһֱһ⻬壬ĿŮһ𣬷ԵܣҲˮҲһ֮
ͷѣˮһΣһӦҪ׶˰ɡ
ˮֱóֻɫʨӣ֮սżŮһһֻȻӷָ졢ɱ¾սаɽս
Ȼǹսʽ
øڵϣˮ˵Ķûôʱˮÿ춼ڰǵʵǰǵĽ÷Ծݡ
ŮʨӣȻֳһʶУҲ֪ʲôԭڵֻħʨʵ400000ˮսʱʵԶԶʵ
ѵǴȣ
ΪŮʵѹˣ
ŮڵʵǶԼֵʮˮԿܴܲﵽʮûȥ񾳡
벻ͨˮʱҲˣŮħʨԺ˺õħʨˣڹˣħʨʵֲܿˣ֪ƣ룬ǳħʨʵرߵ޷κħʨġ
ǹս񿴵ʽҲǺܿģѾȥˣ˵ǵɽʱġ


2429 ɽҽݷ
ˮ֮սżˣˮ˳һ£֮սżҲõһάޣڵı仯Ǻܴģܵ˵ˮǺ⡣
֮սż
սż𻵣޲ĿǰԴﵽ300000ʵ
ʶݣ
ȡʮξѪֱͻС̨񸮡
ˮս⻷󷨵¿Դﵽ600000ҵʵ
ǲĶĵˣǲϾˣҪǶʲôĲʧҲĳɷִڣ總ĳǿά֮սżʧˣȻ֮սżǿһЩʧˡ
ˮ⻹㲻ʵ⣬ϾħʨȻоˣ400000ʵҪ󷨹⻷ǿԴﵽ800000ġ
֮ˮҪ֮սżΪսż֣Ϊħʨα񼶡
αǽ񼶵Ĵڣðˣ񼶣ֱɼʲôҪǿ١
ڵ֮սż״̬ⲻ֣Ͼڵʵ𻵲֡
ɱ¾սԼɽսʹ˵ɹ֮ʵ˲٣رɱ¾ս񣬱ǰ˸ڳ˾Ÿڽ𶴸
ǰ˸ھŸѾԼ֣öþͿԳΪŸ
ɽսǰ˸
ĸ࣬ĸͿԳͻƵ񾳣˸ǺǿˣŸһֻʺһЩѪͳ޲ܴﵽһҪһЩԵʮɱ¾սҲǲġ
ˮߵҲͱ˵ʮӰӣҲֻǾŸҿʮûˣҲĸĶ
ˮһ˵ʵҲǲСˮ֮սżֻħʨżŮԼɱ¾սҲǲප۷徳ˡ
ˮͻƵ񾳣˻ҪһȣܹؼˮҲٰܶǣԻڶԽһ㡣
֮ˮһ˽ɽˡ
ɽ˵ֹ飬Ҳ˵ǳֹ񣬵һֻõĹ£ξͲˡ
ɽ֣ܳһܸоɽҪŨܶ࣬ɽˮ㣬һ֮ɽС
϶ɽڿɽ˺ܶ࣬½½һۿͷ
˵ʲô֣󲿷ֻܸһ˻ҪðΣգֵ𣿡˿Χҡҡͷ
ߴߣ콵ƣһɳ죬ײһˮЦЦ
ûҽʦȾҴ硭ԶһȺ˱߱ߺ
û˻ֵģһʮˣ̧һһĶһѪܵˣԿŻ˵š
飬ܶ˶ÿһЩ˻ȥ
һȥģûѾǴˡ
ǰϽⲻʲôˣҪľ򡣡һһҡ˵ģ˿źЦȴޱȵ档
ҽ˵ǣҽҪҪ֣һӺٺЦ
ҪԷʲôǮˣβҲҪġӺǺЦ
ȥʡЦ˹ȥ
ҽҪҪǮվ˵
Щ֮ͣǰæ˵ʲôǮ˵
ҽĹأǽõжΪεıꡣֱ˵
ԥһ¡
˾Ҫ׼ðվҪ׼ƲܼãҪ˻Ҫѡ񣬲ӦóŲ˶áҲЦ˵
ãǾˣҽ֡ԥһµͷ˵
ӺǺЦ˳ߣǿʼͶԷ̸ԷҪʲô
ʲôǾ͵õЩС˵
üо߲þΣ˵̫ˣҪٵҩݣ̧ͷԷһѵСվȻûг⣬׾ȡɣ
ľ͵õЩСûбĶˡ˸Ͻ˵
⻰˭أг⣬ҲҪгⰡȻ˵ҪóõжҲ֪ǵõ٣ҲʵһЩǾóЩȻǲˣɣ
ᣬˣҿԷģľ͵õЩûģ綼˳ˣû
ǲҽҽɣˮЦ˹ȥ
ˮЩСЦˣȻݷɽõĲ֮һһ٣ҪЩ
˭ҽҽεˣҲֲҽΡ˿ˮǰֱӳˮ˵
˼ҿⲻǲӦ㶼ҽˣôͲҽˣҽ߸ĸģ䵱ҽʦҪˣÿ߿ɾͳŲסˡˮм˵



2430 ҽţһ
ˮĻǵõܶ˵Ŀ϶ģϾ˭ܱ֤ԼͲģ˵ģҽǺܲңһʱܶ˶Ǵҽ
ҽ죬áǸæվ˵
˺أǿҪˣβãҿɾͲôˡҽʱȻԼĳ롣
һ˵ٴԥˡ
ҿԥƨֲΣʲôȺʵǿȥˣԹ塣
ڿˮȾҴ硣
û⣡ˮЦ
ˮǽˣȥֻǰ·ٴαҽס΢΢̧ͷĿбµĿˮǾҽŵˣʲôˣ
ÿˣʲôҽκ˵ˮһȥΧ˱εѹƿһֱÿһ·
ӿ˲ãھҲǺģҽǿǾҽŵˣҽû˵ϧҽ̫̰ˣûĴǲֵġ˸п˵
֪˵и˺صȥҽǰȥоӣӺòε֪ʲô𣿡ζ˵
⻹˵ӦҪȢǸߵӰɣ˵
ǣ졭
̵ľǳû٣ҲܵҽʦҽſҲʲôöǸôһ󺺷߷߲ƽ˵
˲ӦŮΪ˾˵Ӧˣ˾ȺúŮɱˣҲɱˣ˵ʲô°֮ǰ˵Ҳޱȵĵ䡣
Ůˣˡ̾
ʲôŮˣˣҪˣֻҪֱһˣˡ󺺺޺޵˵
ˮʱѾʼ֣ȻƲᣬˮлǺ׵ľιҪϢһʱ䡣
ҽлҴ磬͵õЩҿԶ췢ģ粻⣬˵˵ģеĿԸ㡣ˮл
˭ûиѵʱЩźƯ֮ǰ˵˾ҪЩҾͲˡˮָЩݷ
ˮʲôЩݷڱ˵Ƿˮûɽ˵ݷɽľ˵ĻôЩ˵ҲǷ
ȻЩûʲôãлҽˡе㲻˼
ˣǴͺˡˮݷ
ЩֻˮеĹͣԺĿԻûˣο˫һϣԺҲнˮûκ֪Էʲô뷨
ЩҲмòŮӣҲʱĻᶢˮ崿ˮׯǸɬСˣƽûһ컡
õٵݷˮҲܿģ֮ǰ£ٶҲ㲻ˡ
Сӣʲôˣҽʱٴοڡ
˵ӣʲôϵ𣿡ˮŶûһøУ˵Ӹ˺ɰĸоȴǸһּᡢɶ񡢰п뻹еĸо
ҿĲǲñ˲ֵģ˭־ǺҹȥӰ˵
ȥ͹ȥ£һ˵һҲᣬܻܸЦĬˮЦ˵
ɹļŭңϲ㡣һǱòᡣ
ˮһ㶣ĿˣһöЦ˵ˣ˵һӲʺ˵Ļ̫Цˣô˧Ļôһ˵ͱôЦء
ɱӺǿ˵һ䡣
һͨ˳ˮȥӰ죬ȴƮ
Բ
ˮˣǸɱ֣ߵɱֵ·ߣû뵽һȻԲԲȻʲô񼶹ȴɱֵʺϵĲѧԲ˲࣬ɵҲࡣ
ɱֵʵǶôĿֲ۷廹еģɱ·ߵҲóɱǿԽɱ˵ġ
ˮ΢ЦŲ
Ӱˮʱֱʧˣܶ˿ɱֵλãˮȴǿԸоͨԿ

Ĩ
ɱֵʽҲػˮƣػĿһλãҵʹĿݵĳȻֱĨһɱ
һλãɱһ㶼ñɱҶǲ׵ذףĿǿҲԳɱһ
ڶԷʱˮһ˳ȥ
أ
ðǣŵĿˮʱˮֱһ˹ȥ
꣡
ѵĹͷԴתһȦյĹͷˣӶˣˮԸֱӿ԰ѶԷԴ򱬣̫ѪȣֻǰѲӴϣǴ飬ѾˣֱӴɽˡ
һֱˣˮɱԼ˴顣


2431 Ӿݰǹ賿
ˮһǸˣһҽסˣˮһ˶˶ˮǸҽʦҽһǽݰˣͻȻ鲻ôˡ
ӣ˵ҽھҽʲôΣΪҽźǿģоҽҲˮʱɣƺ֮ǰһ˵Ĳһ
⣬ǼҽңھҽҲеλģСӵűҽ׷ɱɣֻҪвɱ㣬֪ж˶Ƿžҽŵ𣿡ҽˮ˵
ˮ֪ˣҽŵǿֲģǰˮ֪һҽǶôĿֲģˮ׼ٴҽ·ߣԿʹãԼ㲻Ǹ׵顣
ˮüҽĻҽӵҽΣ֪ҽžԲ򵥣ǷҽĿ˵ɼǣֻҪҽŷһɱˮͿԵõһξҽŵĻᣬƻвǰɱˮ
ˮ۾ĿӣǱɱˡ
һ㶿ˮǾȵ˵ɱң
ˮЦˣһڿڵҩɱңΪʲôͲɱ㣬ѵǸɵƣҪɱңҸɴɱˡ
ȿȣ˵ģҪɱѵ˵ôɵҾŻŻ㡣ӸϽ˵
ˮЦˣûдɱӣûбҪһͺ;ҽŲͻȻɱһˣʲôϾĲԣǾȡ
ٺ٣ӱ˵û㣬ң´һΪһ̫࣬Ҳɱ㡣ˮӵĿɭ
ӱˮĿ⿴еëȻоޱȵĹ죬æͷģġ
һ뿪ˣˮܱ֤ӲСҪ˻ģ͵һθһᣬղջǿԼˡ
Χ˻Ǻܶ࣬ǽȥģҲߵģ٣һ㶼Ҫ뿪ġ

ҽѵŹǣҽ˵
Źôǿһֱӱɱû˵
ҳ簡һĵһ֣һǹ˵ѾǷ켫ݰǹŵһͷˣ㲻Ǿȹһ𣬿ɱЩˣ԰ЩŮ£ѵҽĶ𡣡С˵
ֻ˵ǰӻûʲôĶһ˵Ůһ־ҡһǺɫʱˮߵļŮˣһӸоԼЩŮ̫ӹˣ˱ˣȻӡ
賿ԴùЩˣҽΪϲôߣԲȷʵ
ȻݰǹŶôǿĴڣ賿һĵһ֣ҲǺܸߵĴˣѾ񾳣Ҫ֪ݶûг񾳵Ĵڣ˵賿ǿǿ˵Ժ־ݰǹŵġ˵
˵ҲһϲﻹԺвϵĸ֮ǰļŮ˵ӣܺŮ˵𽵹Ǿٶֵá
ãǾԣ賿ɽȥ˸ġ
ЦźܿģĹâ

Ѫ߻
ˮһɽһѪɫֲһ߸ߣ򻨴з·һѪ
Ѫ߻þǲѪֱʹÿԴѪٶȺܿ죬ʧѪļֱҩ֮⣬Ѫ߻һЩǿѪĵҩѪǿǿѪģѪ߻ǿѪĵҩ
Ѫ߻Ҳޱȣ˵ҩҲΪرϡ٣ʱҪر𳤣Ѫ߻ػġ
Ѫߣ
ˮܿͿػѪ߻ޣ߳ӣСָϸͨѪ죬·ͨһһѪһĺߡ
˵һСߣ̫СˣСߣȴǳƵޣһǺֲܿޣѪڶޣǾ綾ޣж۷徳߱ɼѪߵĶ֮ǿ
С
Ѫֻ߳СָϸȴɽʯǷ׷׹¡
ˮͨѪߣڲһѪĵСȴſֲѪ߳˾綾ҲǼӲʯһϸСݣСЩСֻúݵݣޱȸǺо綾
һ
ˮֱѪߴһһ㶼
һƺûʲôá
٣
ˮֱӰѪߵٶȽͣͬʱһϸСˮˮÿ죬̫ˡ
ˮһɽǰסһҺҺھɽϻڴֱӰΧһлΪҽҰɽʯʴһ׵С
ǿĶԣˮɽϾȻҲһСӣǾɽþɽǿ󣬻޸һʱͻȫָ


2432 Ѫ߻Ѫߣ콾
ѪߺΣգˮҲǺܵģֶˮпĶ
֣
ֲֻһ֣֮ǿĿֻǿֶΣһĿ꣬ߵЧмӳɡ
һ޴һӰֻͷеһֻƣ죬ſ죬ֱһӾץסѪߣѪѣ״̬
ͬʱˮ׼õĻ¯ֱӿȥ
һֱӽѪս˻¯ֱѹסˣڵѪȫˮС
ûѪߣˮ˳İѪ߻ֲɾܲԺãܽӾ͸ˡ
ΪѰޣһ·ϵǰһȻʲô챦Ҳǵõ˺ܶ࣬滨࣬һЩĿʯˮֱӶӽɾ
ǰɽˣǿǾ壬һţɽյأɽһΡŵЦ˵
ˮҲˣɽ廹˵ĵرԶȥ̫ˣΩΩФġ
кܶˣǲȥģѡȴڵȴʲôһЩõ˺öˣʱЩ˿Գû١
˲٣ⲻʲôھǺܳ飬еͻȻûеӽȥˣ˳㿴ǲǿװ̵顣
ˮֱ˽ȥؾûʲôջͿ뿪ˣջҲСˡ
ɽŨïֲܵľ洦ɼޣޣٻʢдУһƬپ󣬷·Դһ
ط治ϪΧǿġ
Ļû˵һ޺Զôƺڲƽһը׻Ҫ𺳡
طôϪǺЦ
ҲЦЦȻǰߣ˲٣Ƕ϶ĿʼֿﲢɽΨһڣͨĵطһģ񸮡
񸮾ؾյطˮǸоǸ۲Ǿ񸮣оһѾˣ˵ĶҲԼõˣ˵ǲûʲôϵ
ǿǱи޴ʬ塣Զ˺
Զűʬ尡˭ɱģǿ󡣡
Ǿݰǹŵ賿үɱġ
賿ֲãҲֻ賿ɱôǿˡ

賿ˮû֮ǰ˲ٵϢ֪ǾݰǹŵˣҿǿҲȷʵԶűʵȻǶ۷壬ȴǸĶ۷壬ϾԶŴѪޣǺоѪޡ
ˮ֮о賿ǿΪԶűǱɱɱ۷ԶűʵһˣȻӦûֹһ㡣
ԶűϵһЩҪĶûˣʣµ͹ͷѪҺȻúܶ˳ȥ˲͹ϷֵʲôҲʣˡ
Զ޵ѪҺҲǿǣһЩҩʲôЧܺõģܶ˵ֻԶűʣµǱ
ˮס賿֣ݰǹŵˡ
ɽһݵһźһЩͼֽźɱһЩˣЩͼֽǻ񣬳˼Ůʣµȫɱˡ
ҽ賿ź
賿ͼֽüҽȹһҽƷʵڲҹάҽȴǲǾҽŵˣԼǷһ飬û뵽Լ£˭ܿҽǿ⼸Ůˡ
賿ʵ飬ԼǷ飬鲻ܲĿѾˡ
賿ԥһ£ߵ˵ߣߣ¡
˵ĶԱߵˡ
˺ܺ񣬸ߴͣ賿ѾʮˣʱЩû˵ʲôǽ⼸ˡ

ˮ˽֮ѾǵˣﲻյأʱѾ°˵ʬˣ޶Уһγ泱Ǳ޳˿ѷɫĴڣǵأǿлǵգикܶĶ档
ˮоУԵҲݶ
˴ֻԶ֮Ⲣûʲôջһҩݶûջ
ţǿʲô۾һָһʯ˵
ţǾ񸮡ˮļֲɵһ㶡
Ǿ񸮡һʵһ˴һɽ˳Ϊ׵һӣ޳ȳƣɢһȻ֮üĿںϵȴֵļ͸Ӳ
һӣվȺһĳڡ
賿
ˮûмһ۾ͿԿ϶賿Ĳ㾳磬һԵ콾һͬԶԶ˦ľš
賿ˮ΢Ц˵
ʶҡ賿Ҳȣƽ͵˵


2433 ǿ賿
ƺˮʶ֣ȷʵĺܴ󣬼һļ֮һ
ʶֻ֮ǰһֻɱ˵ɱģҲµ˭ˮЦ
賿ˮȻ˵ҲϲĨǣǷ飬ɱǻծ
ǸӣˮЦˡ
Ҳ˵ǲԼɣ˵ʵҲɱˣǷծǮǷ˵ûа취賿ε˵
˵ӾͲҪƷˣ˵ءˮŵӾе㲻̫ˣ˵ƯŮ֮ῴ˳ۣʵ֮Ҳǡ
賿һ㶣ɷƵһҲŭЦЦ˵㲻ûôң˵ģҲǽ飬ܿģ˵滰
ֲö˵˶飬ǣˣȻûа취ǿʼɣˡˮҲǺǺЦ
ãȺ˵ɣ賿ŵ˵
֮һˣҼʶһﵽʲôʵˮ˵
ˮʵìܣ賿ǿһģݣݰǹŵˣкܴϣӹܾݰǹţԼһЩֶɱƻ޾鷳
ݵһӰ죬㲻ֻԼҪʵΪʲôû˸ɱӵܱɫͿ壬ʵŮ˶򲻹ȴû˸ɱֻĿű۸
Щǿʹڣ۸һЩˣĸŮʲôģֻ竱һ˵Щȴǳ˳룬ܶʱǱв޷ʩչֽš
ˮ˵ɱ賿ֻǲ򲻵ѵʱǲɱԷģʱûг죬ʵûʲôƣĹƻвٵġ
ã룡賿ܸɴ˵ȻӰֱӵ˿С
ˮŲæԼʵתߣŵС
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һ㹥һǹֻһλúͨ˵طһطͽšѨҲˮ͹Ŀͷ·ԿֵšѨһһ˿ɻԷʽԻܶ֡
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賿ľŸ뿪еɫģɫģֻһͨģЩƮɢ˿治ϵķͺ
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2436 ǿĿйԽ
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ˮҲоԼĿйԽϿֲûãһֱиѪأȻѾǿˣ⵹Ǹ֮ϲС賿˵ıѪͳҪ߹棬ҺпǴ˵е߱档
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2437 񸮲رͼǻʳ
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һܺһ˳ؾѾ˱ǹˣǹʳǺܽʱˮȥǹˣиĵط˵Ⱥ裬κһҵĴڡ
ǻʳǣ˵Ǿǻ۵ĵط˵ֻطǵõȫչ˵ĵطһ޳ǣҲǾֲĴڣǻʳǱһЩСĳҰǿڶ࣬뾡һа취
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2438 뷨ǻʳǿ
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ˮоԼͨ˺ܶණ֮ǰЩǲ֪ûô򣬾ôеĸܵǰĸܣֻ֪ѡ
˵ˮΪ̨գоǸо̨˾ħŵߴڣôҲǻ£ƶ򣬼ȻǾˣõġ
ͨЩˮˣҲ׼ˡ
ǻʳǿŸһĴڣʲô£ÿһжйأСҲСĹ򣬱ҪͨһЩʲôϵǰкʲôģˣﲻǰҪʲô˰򽻵ҲҪһЩ򽻵Ͼǻʳг֮вٵԶиԵҪЩһЩ˵Ǻǰ˰һģǱѡ
ˮһǾݰǹŵһοҲǿ賿ˣô˵賿һЩλġ
ÿŲǶô֣ݰǹҲû賿Ȼˣ賿ļԼֵܽãһʼˮ˵賿̫ĶоûбҪ˶¶࣬Ȼ£ȥ˷Ǹʱ;
ˮжʮˣ賿ʮˣȻ賿ܵ͵ˣǲ˳賿ˡ
Ȼˣ￪ţ˲·ˣϾλòǰ֡
˵ϰ壬ʲôģʱ򺰵
ҪβҲһЩԵġˮЦ
⵹Ǻ棬ľ¥ŻѳԺȣҽݿѿûĻ˺
УȻУиģβģǱǿѳЩˮЦЦ˵
úãȥ
ҲȥҽʦвУⰵܳʱˣƵķ̫ˣƣϣκðɣиһȳһյ˵
һʱﵹҲ֣ϾﶼǴֶ࣬оǶһֶΣܶ˲ΪʡǮΪоա


2439 ҽĵѣ
˵￪˸ãСҽҵҪʲôʸҽ
˵һʵ˽һˣ俴ȷʵһӵ֮Χ˿˶ǹ˵ҽã
ҽˮˣҲ֪һ㣬ҽŵˣԼ;ҽΨһĹھǸҽؾˮûɱǸӣǸ賿ӣ˵´ټӻڵģԵʱûɱȷʵϵˡ
ҽΪߣҽҪʵģˮҲ޵֧ƻȻӰ콡ʲôģȴԶˣԼŮˣӦܡ
ݼڣͬҲǼڣھҽûʲôøУοҽʲôģҲ̫ſˣûκεĺøС
Ī˵㣬ˣ˭ˮЦ˵
ˮ֪ǾݰǹŵʲôҽӦôſ
һǿҽﶼӺܴ󣬱飬ҽŵ̫ˣ˶ӣϾǷ˾ҽ̫ˣһʾ޴ĲƸ
Ǹܱ֤Լûûֲ˵һֱ꣬ǰͬҽȨҽΣرǾҽţǿҽ󲿷ƿھҽУ˾ҽźҲǺصġ
İɣˣҽŲҪκΧΪǶ˵Ȩ㿪ܿҲ㿪͵ùԹԵĹŹҽ΢Ц˵ӰҲˮĻǣ仰رװơ
˵仰ǲǸоر泩ˮҲԼҽԼԼҲ¾ҽŶԼ½ҽ
㡭˲֪ߵغ񡣡ҽ˵
˶㻪ҽʵȻԼĲҽβãҲҳҽ˵ЦЦˮ˵
˵ʲôֱһɺԡҽ󾪣ȴǲ¶ɫ
ҳϣҸˣɣҽ߲ҽ⵹ҲʲôϵûУϿԿ϶ʲôҽʮǧˮҡҡͷ·䲻мӡ
ҽ֪СӵĻţЩȴǴ̼Լ˶飬ƽ˵Ҵû˵ԼʲôҽҽǱ˸ġ
˸ģ̧㣬㵹Ҳ˼ܡˮЦˡ
ûнܣûгϹҽҽȻ˵
ӻƷȻûгϣһֻ󹫼˵Ѿҽĳƺšˮ˵ʵҽΪԼҽˡ
Ӻʹ󹫼һֺܴˣҽҲݵˣˮһٶĳԲѷɫһ䣺ȻҪҽݣôóıββþ͹Űɣ
ҽҽŵģЩ˲˾͸ˣԲöѾܶǰȴҽΣʱֻҪˮβãͿˮΧֻҪˮβУҲͲǰˡ
ˮͻҽҲĿĵģþҽŵĻҽԼ棬ЧһʱԼžҽŻбսԼʱѸٴȥ
ǻʳǵʵǿˮоԼԱûκ⣬賿ھǻʳǵʵҲǳˣһļǿߣˮǲÿйԽҲڲ֮ء
Լҽȥ֮ӰԼ񾳿ͻƻôھ򡢾ǻʳǿԲõκˡ
ҽʦأˮͻҽѾֿһᣬڻҽһĿˮʱһ˽
ȥźšֱ˵
ŸĺţǿǣҪŲҰˡ˫綾ߣͨ˱һ۹ƿŵһǡ
һ治ţԡ첻м˵
죬㲻֣ȻǾͿˡˮ˹ЦҲÿβˡ
ݺݵĵǸһۡ
ʲôǲǣ˲м˵
ˣҽοʼˣȥŶӰɣˮЦ˵
Сӣ֮ǰ˵Ļ㵱ƨǲǣǸٴǶһ۾ˮ
Ҫô˵Ǿ͵ƨˣҪʱ䡣ˮڰ֣ǸһֻӬһ
Ҿһٺˡһȭˮȥ
ˮҽʦûʲôΪоԼһȭԴˣãֱһ˰ˣԼµġ
ˮڶԷȭͷԼϵ˲䣬ֱ΢΢Ȼ˫½棬һһǰɲϵ˵ֱֱӱһ黨
ˮǴοˮڹؽѨԼɵÿ˦ʮ֡


2440 ޳ܵĻҽ
ˮľȵģһֱ˵ֱ۳׷ϵκúѣҲǲܣݾҩݺҩʦĵҩȽǿϾ׹˵ҩҲС
Ȼв˭ܵģһֻЩŻִڣҲǺ٣һҲó羫˸ûʸʹҩ
ž
ˮһƽ˸˳ȥ
˲ˮ֣Ǳ컹ҪǿһЩʵѾеλˣûʲôһҲǱҽһ£õҵġ
ҽɫҲһٱ䣬˵ʵģоԸˮЩѾˣû뵽һоͱϵˣ˶ǿתһ룬ھǻʳôᣬرھҽǰûеǲҵġ
뵽뵽ˮ֣ûҽҲһ˾Ϊ֪ˮʲôͷôֲֵˣʵܼ
˾ϲ£ҲǺ£һϰ˼άҲˮĪеúܶ˵Ҳ֪˵ԼõˣҲ˵ʥصˣҪƺЩط˵С
ˮһֱߵҲû˵ûʥʲôģЩ˰ôô롣
ˮûбǸ˭ָʹʲôȲ˵Է˵˵˾ҽʲôҲûʲô˼;ҽֵòɿĿĲܵġ
ҲʲôҲǸҽֱӿʼѵΡ
һˮûа취ûкʵˣˮ֪Ҫõˣ˭أ
һţһ߿ʼٵΣץҩץӴģٶ֮죬˾ȣҽһ߿ҲüͷȻЩ֢ʲôˮˮַٶԼ˵ЧǺ𾪡
ž͸ˣΪЩҲЩ缲Ͱģ֮ǰǸһȳһյˣҽΣҪҩݣҲҪʱ䣬ˮȴǾһӵʱ䣬ǼͼַȻˡ
ŵģģһȳһյҹΪһ㡣
Ҹ㿴ǲȫˡҽʱǸ˵
ҽ΢΢üҽΣҪĿۣԾûΣⶼûдǺԼΣȥɫԼ
ǲȫҲУ˵ˣҳǮ
Ǯǰ㿴ѵ㲻֪Լǲȫˡҽ˵
ˮȻ˵һ˵ʲôûȫãḴʲôģݺݵĴһλҽ
˻ҽǰ
ҽȣһᣬü𾪣Сӵҽôֲȴ˵ȻڿˣǻеС⡣
ʲô⣿һϾϵȣоܺãԺٳ⣬ӦϾöʧǲʧõġ
ȿǺˣֻʱģ¾ͻصԭҪңҸΣɣʡ˵ǮҲѡҽ֣ص˵
ˮЦˣ޳ܵģûмô޳ܵġ
ɵӣϾغԼȣ֮ǰԼҽΣһҲΣҲʵûǸǮҽΪʲôͻȻĵİԼҽأ
ɻ󣬻ҽɵһ䣺ˣ͵û˵ºȳұ˵Ҳܡ
ǲǴ˴ȡˮʱЦ˵
㡭ҽһʵ֮ǰ뷨Ͼ֮ǰԼڣһҪŪС
ҽǰɣҪģûôҪģǲǸо۸κβﲻѾһˣǲǶͬˣβðɣıӦ֮ǰ˵ҽ߲ҽ̧㣬ʵҽ̫ˣﶪˣɡˮм˵
㡭˵ҽŭ˵
Һ˵и֮˵ʵҪԡˮóŻҽ˵
ҽɫ䣬˲ߵ뷨ҲжţֻûüֹˮѾˮסˣʵ˭ʲôʰɣڿʲô˵ʲô
ĲܺŮͬˣ
ǵģҽجج˵
ҵûκ𣬰ºָ֮ǰ𣿡
ȱκˣָԭӣƭġ
ϴҪǲ̫ˣ
ǵģҪ屶ļǮ

⻪ҽһᶪ˴ϣͬʱþҽŵѸٱѸٵĴ˳ȥ
˵ȻʲôûУϾҽҩ޼ۣ˵һˡ


2441 ӣŮ
ҽȺŹȻûܶˣǱñף˼̸뿪ˡ
һˣˮҽ϶ˣһǰ˶ˣ󲿷ֶǱ˽ģһһϾ컹ѵġ
ˣһѳԣֻÿֻóһЧӦҽӻ𱬡
һ̫˰ɣòãǮ˲ˣôóԵĶֻóһⲻǳ
ǣϰ壬ǮҪˣǮɡ
ҳԹóԵİӣЩη軻ҩóԡ
ǿţǰ˵óԵʲôη裬Ϊʲô˵ηóأΪ˭ҲûгԹ̫ϡȱҲ˭ҲûԹ
Թη˲٣ȻֻһЩޣ˵ߺǰĿƣˮҲԹоҲûԼɾɽóء
Ұ£쿪ţ˵ֶҲ˶٣Ի£Ҫˣ˭֣ȡԺʸ񡣡Ϫֱ˵
ûҵ֣Ϫŵڸ
һ»Чģ˲ʱһ쳣ߴվ˳ӿܺƣܰ׾ͷﶼǺ˵Ŀ⡣
ȴǲǲͷ˵
Ҳڰ
֮ǰƺûעӣ̫óˣȻߵĳӾǳ񣬶ҹҿʳ
ҲӺóԡ
ְܲӣ

һʱޱȣ߰㣬ƺҲ֣ǺЦţ˵ȻĿתˮȥ
ϰ壡ˮе
ǳ񣿾ʳİɣˮֱӿ˵
ˮ;ʳйڣֻǾʳķֵ꣬ľʳ̫ˣɴССǾǲʲôʲôҲ㣬˵ˮʳĵˡ
ţôǲǲӭͷʵ
ˮЦˣ麩񣬶ҺøУЦӭǲǳ񣬵ҵ̣ҪҵĹء
ûеҰӷ˵
ʲôˮʵ
˵￪˸ã䲻֡˵
ԼҪİɣˮЦˣӲ飬һǱģ˭˵Ҳ֪ʳľʳ
ҽŵ˶ˣʳ˳Ҳ⡣
ݰǹǾһˣˮһʼͲ賿֣Լôһָ𣬴һ㡣
ȱȳյģ֪Ȳ㣬Ҳˣֻܸܲӡ
ˮһ£ЦˣԣԺﶼԳԵİӡ
һ㶿ĵЦˣǸˣ
ɸ㶨ҽǸҲ鷳Խһ컻ġ
ʱе˶ˣõļʮˣβ˵ҲǼʮˣȱһģԬңҲϰ˵ģԬġ
ҽݺͿҲһ򣬻˹ҿһսֵסʱҪҿĸ֡
ҿǲʲôڲƽŻȥæ
ǹҿھʳɼӵĳպܾտˣ˳ΪˣӺ񣬾ΪԾʳǰһ¿չսҲˣڳ񡢹ҿ˵һ裬˺˵ϾʳʵҿĳҲ٣Ƕô֡
Ȼˮ򣬲ˮ֪ҵһġ
ԼһЩʱ䣬Ҳʲô⣬ǺӲңԼزģһǾɡ
һ죬Ҳ˵ϺۣصУŮҲˣˮһһڴߣһŮɫ΢졣
ϴˮһ֮֮һƺ˳ȻˣڸŮߡ
һĹ󣬽ϸļѩӨûһ˿׸⣬Բ̵ͦΣͦţ޵΢ҡҷڡ
ˮѪ嶥ڸÿһôļǰ˵ʲôÿһŮ˱иյµˡ
ˮȴǸоǸŮ˻ǲģʣ˵ʱԽŮԽֳǴƣʱԽԽζ˰׷Բԣβɻоô
ŮеŲһκ˲٣Ů˶Ǻģο˺˵ﶼƵģǰ˿Щ˵ӰŮʵҲῴҲϲοķܡ


2442 ʵϻ
ˮű󣬱һֻʥķͣʩչֽ֣΢ѹֵĽᴭˮǻ̼͸о
ܿ챱ͻΪʿҡҷ粨һˬˮֱˣſԼϣΪſţͦεɽԵøӺΰ
޽۵ɢջ̰Ŀȥ㣬ȻŮ
һֱҹŮ̱ˮ
ˮʱ򣬿Ůˣζûһ죬˷򸴺оԺгɾ͵ġ

һᣬˣļ˯ѺָˮȻһڣǵ̫󣬻ǾȻ治ǳԲ
½ϵԪȻܸߣеǰʵֻǰǲԪһģʵиҪľ
ֻҪģ϶ֹͲͣЪдˣֻǻʵûпľ޶ȣĲ١
ˮõŮҲɵֵסΪǿû̫ĹϵŮһҲҪָܻ
Ůݹ˵ŮҪͲͳ
ÿˣǵڶ죬õĶǺܹҪģô࣬Ϊֹ
ˮΪ׬ǮǴԲʲô˶ܳԵģÿÿһСҲǰȭͷһҲǧÿֻһǧ򵽡
ֻϵûһΪ
ϰ壬㲻ô򲻵԰ѼǮߵ㡣˵
ĹƨôôǮ˲𰡣Ųӳ㡣һֵĺӺ
ϻһңŲ˰ˡ֮ǰ˵˺ٺЦ
ϻˣеΪûʲôǮҪиƯŮˣܶ˶ţƴһʱû£Ҳǳ쵣ġ
˵ϻʻţˣøҰɣҸǮҪٸ١
ģȥɣϻһӳȥ
Գһ˿ɫȭͷҪʱȴ΢΢һתһֱȭǹ΢΢һ˲䱬ǿϻ
ϻֿ񣬸ߴͣʵˣûʲôΪһ
ΪҲеΪѡ
ԣ
һȭʵʵڵĴϻؿڣȻǣϻƺûʲô飬ȴǱ˺ɢ
ɫ΢䣬ֱ۶ڲղŷ·ʯһ͵һȭֱӰԼֱˡ
ʣˮ۾һ֪ϻûκΪķ𷴵ʣȻҸʵǿһ߻ǿɱϻġ
ͬʵмֲ֮һǶ֮࣬ԻʲôģȻǺѴʡ
еϧˣϻ䲻Сˣжʮɣʮ꣬ˮͨԿ
˾֪ϻҲûа취ˣϾؼʱ䶼ȥˣҲʲôˣˮ֪ͬϻ֪ܲһ츳ˮ뿴ϻǲһ¡
ס֣Ҫȥ򡣡ˮ˹
Բϰ壬Ҳûκ塣ϻϽ˵
ˮЦ˵һ£
ϻһ㶣ǵͷȻˮŴȥ
ɣˮкϻ¡
ţϰʲô飿ϻҲ̹Ȼ£׺Ӳһ
ҿסˮЦ˵
ϻЦЦЦҾǸͨˣҲֵ׺ݵ㣬ᱻ۸ġ
ûȤѧЩҲŮȥҿԱ֤κ˶۸㡣ˮЦ˵аϻ
ϻһ㶣Ŀˮ
Ը𡣡ˮЦ
ǣǷǳǳԸ⣬ֻǲϵڱܸܲΪʲôϻʵ
ˮܿģɱһرͨˣһᾪϲĴӦʲôǵˣϻȴǺǣôһСС⣬˵ԭǡ
Ǿֱ˵ɣﳤ꣬һ꣬ﶪеϧҸܽˣҽ쿴ԣԣܣһ֣ѧЩô˵ҲǿǧٱˮЦ˵
ģ̫ˣллһƴѧϰʧϻʱܿĺܼеǰݼʦ
ˮˣȥʰһ£쿪ʼѧϰ


2443 Ѿǻʳǵ
ÿˣ㲻ʲôҽݻʳҽݺʳϵģ˵ʳʳ٣󲿷ֶǽҩ֮࣬Ҷһ㶼ǿŲһͻһա
õǴĺԶҽܸߣʳǰδеģǳԹõʳ˶޲ڣǾʳĶҲԶԶȲϵġ
þҽź;ʳ˺ܲˬҲԹˮʳҲˮ̽ҽͬԩңھʳ;ҽŶһֽİ취
ˮԼ߰ҽԼʳ׽Դ׳Լ
⼸鵽ûУСȴǺܶ࣬ҲѣˮҲ֪һЩʹõһЩСֶΣԼûЩСֶξԿġ
ˣõʳжˣƦңҹдѪţŪһЩɱҰſڡ
ÿ춼зˮҲܽˣǰµˮͨЩҵĻָʹȻʹѻǰ˵
ǰʱ仪ҽǶ˶ˣʱҽź;ʳһٵĶ˶ڴҶ֪Ǿҽź;ʳˢСֶΣûˡ
ûˣҽź;ʳҲˣˮֻ֪ʱˣһһκݵģ֮ǰԼΪǷ񣬵ҪǾˡ
ˮ£ھ򣬾ǾǻʳǣҲ壬ʤԼָԼʹÿйԽϵĻ˭˭˵׼
ǾݰǹһվԼһߣΪˮ賿үӵԪ˰꣬ǺҪ̫Ҫˣ˱ԪˮһЩ֮Ȫһ֮˰Ԫ治ʲô⡣
ǾǻʳǰǹŵУݰǹǻʳǵһ֧Ƕ֧ܲݰǹ֮⣬ľݰǹˣȻľݰǹŲһ;Ӧþʮࡣ
үˮǸǿĴڣˮ˾ϿйԽ϶оûаգ־Բ˴ġ
үھǻʳǾߣ˶ļϹļϹʱղ࣬һôҵĵλͻֱ
ȥˣˮͻȻֻ֣ˣԼƺһЩ飬ħţѾԿ϶̨վѾħ
ħѾǾħţȻֲľħܲѾܽӽˡ
ˮ̾ħѪİԵǱôֲҲ֪ħѪǺñħ֮Ѫӵ߳ģϿԺ׵ľħ
ˮ뵽ľħţ֪ǲҲħѪ˵ħѪֻһҲ̨յħѪѱʾһεħѪʧʧֻ
ˮо̨սħֻʱ⣬·һֹɣһʹǲɿܵġ

ˮھվھǰľȴˮһΪһƬһƲüͷˮô¡
Լ֮ûʲôҲûʲô˵ĺۼȻǺ£ҲɣﱻƽʱҲǺܳӦðꡣ
üͷˮվŵ֪Ϊʲôû˵飬ֻ˵ħŵ飬˵̨֪飬ֻǲԼɡ
ǰħѾˡһˮ˵
ŵվŵߵ賿
Ϊʲô֮ǰңˮûлͷ
ģʵֲ̫ˡŵ̾˵
ѵûʲôȦ𣬲ﲻ㸲һ𣿡ˮͷŵ賿ʵ
ˮսҲʶǸое㲻̨շչˮݵĵزķչһĿֲݡ
ʵֲ̫ˣס֪ħ֮ԹԾû˲ˡŵ˵
ʵֲ̫ˣˮ̨֪չͻˣʲô磬񾳡Ĳ㡢㡭
ħѪſֲʵѴԣħܿ죬ħѪ߻ħĸȣϧֹһУˮĽעҪˮΪֻԼʹ
ˮһʱоң·껯˺ܶ˷ɢֻԼܸıȴԼҪԼսԼҲʹģɱôս񣬽Լôɱ˵ܴܲܣԼܲµ֣ɱԼսʲôλãرԼΪ
һʱоͷġ


2444 ѡôѡ
ˣǻȥɣȥתתˮŵ賿˵
賿ŵѾȷϵҹʱֱӳɻ飬ҲǸ£ˮҲΪǸˣŵĹ޻⡣
ˮҪȥ𣿡ŵе㲻ĵ˵
ˣİɣ֪ôˮڰ뿪ˡ

ħţ
ǻʳǵľħţˮվԶǾɽһΡһһεľɽߣɽܴ󣬱˿ɴƽԾһɽϳǳء
˵ǳҲΪɽֻ··߶¥ׯ԰·ֱɽͨԶ
һȺھɽһ䴦ռܴǾǻʳħŵܲ
ʱˮվѾһʱˣˮ֪ҪҪ̨յʱ򣬾ħŵһӰˣֱˮ
նһѩ׵ɴ˳ȻɢϢϢǰı䣬˸оо˸о
Ȼͻˣˮһ̨ܵյϢ֪ڵʵǿԼ治Ķ֡
һŲʳ̻գҹպ嫵ǳһȴϢ
ˮоģϤֻǸоȴеİˣĲǰŮϵһһһоپͻΪİ·ڵˮ΢΢
ˮ̨˵ƺҲôʶˮһ
ˮЦˣЦúܿɬ̾Ҹоٴλص׷ʱÿ׷㶼ɾ㻹һβСľ롣
̨ûЦǿˮһͻˣȴǷﻹиӰӣϤƺϤһֲеĸоڿˮ֪ǸӰӾҲԭ֮ǰŻɻĺˮ֡
ǲΪ飿̨˵
ˮҪ˵ʲôʱ̨˵˵ǲҪ˵ˣħűǶ֪սɱ˶ħ˼ħţԲҪоҲ̡
ˮһ㶣ҲǣȻԼ˲ħҲ˼ħţԼûʲôʸϹ
һˮоԼ֪ɶˣңˮ̨֮ѾˣöþͿԳɻ飬ȴû뵽ĳʱ䣬ˮоеİˡ
̨տˮͻȻû˷Ӧ˴ʱôվţŶԷˮĿ峺ǣƵգһʱ˰ۡ谮ϧΡ
ˮĸ̨ӿ죬ǸӰԽͻȻоǰƺе׽ʵܹ¶ܹ¶ûѣûаˣ˾֮ࡣ
գҿɲٱ㡣ˮ˵ֱ̨Ӹһ
̨û˵ˮϰ˹¶ӣŮ֮ƺܵûпϲˣҲûⷽĸоҲǣˮ⼸εĽӴо˶˵ڲͬ
ȷʵڲͬΪ֪ԼǱʶлǻԼˣܼǲǵã֪ģرڣǸ޶ģһеӰӣһ֮ǰˮ
ϴԼɱû֣ԼĽ£ĴǺܴġ
ͻȻԼѾıסˣǱʶľ֣ʱкְܶ취ɱˣûж
һɵϢΧȻϢо΢΢ϤܾȣԼҲôĿһ˻ʱȻ֪ʲôʱ¥˵
ˮɿûжʲôôıļ
գҵӣ֪֪Ҷ㣬뿴ϤЦݵԸҶԼ˺ѣ㱧ڻıס㣬޲ðҵˮɤеͳƺʲô
Բ֪˵ģҡ
⣬㲻õǸүҿЦˮεЦ
㲻ıңʹı𡣡̨˵
ˮر𼤶ʹһӰԼ壬ĲĺϢһ𣬳ʵĸоˮоһеǷ˼
̨մʱȻоرƽ˺ǵжԵģȴǱһҲԼ֣ɱԼʱҲԼԸоһҲûԼɱ練ơ
ˮþһƽ΢΢ɿһЩǲȫɿ
գлл㣬þˣµһЩĸоˮ΢Ц˵
ˮڶе㺦ˡ̨˵
ʲôˮе㲻ס
ǰ˵ĻͻȻһһⲿּ䣬µʱ޷ʵǲ˺˺ܶˡ̨̾
ʹ㡣ˮε˵仰
˵һǻ᲻վˣһһ֮ѡô죿̨տˮʵ



2445 գôˡ
ˮû⣬ȷʵ֪ôشˮվŲ̨ɱʵϲⲻʲô֪ǶŮ˵ĲƽҲԼ޴
ŮΣգΣվˣˣڣһɻô
Ҳ֪鵽һѾûа취ôվɱˡˮ̨ա
̨һҲˮôش𣬵ͷȻǶʹǿԷûõģӽԺǾʹһϰɣȻԺֻʹࡣ
һϣ᲻ʹࣿˮһ㶿žǵ
Ҳ֪ȻҵĶ֣Ҹоҵѡ̨˵
ǲһϣҲ÷ҪöԷأһ׷ģ˭˵սϲħ˭˵ǲܳΪޡˮ˵š
̨סˣЩǸܴĳģȻû˵ս񲻿Ժħɻ飬սħͷԺȻľ뵽֮ǲɻġ
Ұ㣬գһ³Ϊҵӡˮ˵˵飬峺ִš
̨΢΢еңһŮˣһеøлΨһһǰԷ˵Ļﻹе㲨ģڻûаˣҲǸŮˣȻŮ֮е㵭ų⡣
ˮʹʲôħ𣿡̨λħѪĴߣȻԸܵˮսҲǶһǶȻǺĶ
ʹȻûôԣʵ˼Ӧòɣˮʵ
ҵʹʧ̨˵
Ȼħֱӡ
գûûܿͻµĺħŶǷչģǶԪأаȴǹ棬ûаͲ壬Ǹħɱа
ˮ̨տԼε˵
аҲǾԵģǸǲŰݹģʲôʲôаɱ˷ŻаҲа񣬲Ǵαװѣоأ̨ûĿˮ
ڻţֻһ߲ľ룬ţ̨嵭ˮζκεζˣˮϣˮʱľһԳ
ͦɽѹˮؿڣ֮ǰˮȻûôˣѹˮĿڣѹȺ͵ԼʵѹȸУˮ˱仯
һˮоһĵط̨շ
̨պˮĿӣҲ֪Ϊʲôˮ峺Ŀ⣬Ҳû˵ʲôԼ壬صĵطһⶫ¶Ȼܸߡ

úã˵ˣ˭˭аƵǶģҲ֪֮ǲиܺõİ취˵棬ûбҪһñ֮
ˮ˵˫ıһ̨գʹֽ֡
ȻûжֽǿԲģһλޱȵˬЧҲܴﵽеλĿѡ
ˮڱŵ̨յ˵˵ͷŮ˵ãһͺ߻ˮҲ̨֪յǸеλãѾˡ
̨ղ֪ʲôʱʼˮоһ˵оȫůģȫëſΧһ˵ĿС
Ҳ΢΢𣬿ˮҪʲô
ˮ΢΢һ̨գԼʲôˣҪҪͣʱ̨ս˵Ҫʱ˵òã
ˮɿͷЦãǾ˵ˡ
ţ
̨ŵһȴǷһķһ㣬Լɫ΢΢죬оһֵĸоزеȺǣкȴе˵ĸоԾҲˮĲӡ
һ£ˮоԼһĶǰô磬·ƺǷ֮ضݽȥһ㡣
̨ƺʶʲô뵽ԼˣʹûƿˮӿĿмʱе޵ݡ
ˮоĽϵĲһһˮЦˣһﲻûԼһסԼԼԺ׷кܴ
ˮȷܲһԼǶμ䣬ˣҲҲҪ׷ǲħ߾ħŵ
ˮŸоԼ涼Ūʪˣʱֱ̨װˣߵǲҿˮȻ࣬Ҳ֪ЩھһЩ͵ĵҪ漰˵Щܶ඼Ǳܾ֪
գˣ·ҲʪˡʱˮС˵


2446 ôһ㣬ͬ
̨ѾΣߣﻹеСžţϣ˲֪Ҫǲ֪Լһ㣬ںˣȻֱ˵Լ
ˮĲӶˣЦѾ̫ûˣǲǸоöˣǰһﾭ
̨΢΢Ҫߵģڻþò̧ͷһ˫ŵʱȴŨŨһһ˿ˮ·ʱܿ޳һ
Ѿͷôˣްû۸㣬еŮ񣬲ܿ޵ġˮһ
쵰ǹġ̨ʵȷǲˮĹ
㡣ˮЦŸ̰˼ڡ
̨ˣʹĵˮһۣ֮ǰһо궼Ҫˣһ˵ãûйĸоҲ֪ԭŮĸо
Ϊʧȥˮļ䣬ҲķĸоһμˮҲˣʧȥ˶ˮһеļ䣬ĹǸδµŮһûܵκεӰ죬ˮ顣
ˮ滹ǹһһʱ涼оʪŷ·ûһϳʪ֮󣬸Ļ壬Ĳ˿·ⶫǰƺҲ񡭡
ˮԼǸȻôȻˣ̨յʺܺãȻϲǴˣֻôһλǼʮǰԾˣ
̨֮ǰƺûиоϾ֮ǰƼĸоȻҲоˣһɫǹŹ֣ܿ뵽ʲôԼ֮ǰӦйˣԶеǲܽܡ
ˮεĿȿҡ
ˮû˵ʲôҲٽһĺһ£Ǳĸоˣ̨յһֻɴ̼ȴǿҵĳ̨һȡ
һһˮĿɿڴĶ
α
һ̫ȴֱǰһˮ͸оԼһӽµĵطҲǽȥһ룬̨üͷ΢壬ϾϺʹһϾƹϣֻ΢е㣬֮ǰĻ壬ֻ΢΢ʡ
Ͼ·Ҳֻˡ
ˮɵˣɵĿ̨գɵһᣬֱӵͷסе̴ڣϸϸ˿أǷ۵ࡣ
̨ձˮĲӣ۾һƬģ϶ᣬ˵ǵһΡ
ˮ̰ǣ˫һĽϸȻֻֽ֣һοԾʩչ̨յŤţˮǲöˡ
֮ˮ̨ͣѾˮһ̱ˮһʱƼΡ
һƫƧ̨֮ȥϴһ·ʱˮҲȥɾϴһݹŮˣʱ̨ľˣһ޷ˮʳָ󶯣֮ǰˮҲйһΣȻ·ȴŪȥˡ
ҪģҪ֮ǰȻ˵ʵ
һ˫ԼתģЧ庮ҷҲˮ⣬ˮʱʵѾ޹ˣˮܿͨˣӦúħѪйϵ
̨յõĺôҲǾ޴ģʵԽȹ̣ƺоԼһЩ磬ˮˣȴǼǲ֮顣
ҿԼ㣬Ǽǲ֮顣̨ոӵĿˮ
ļˡˮ˵
ţ֪ҪˣҺϤǾֻܼס
͹ˣ̫ˣգӦúǸղйϵ
̨Ѹٱ죺ᣬ˵
úò˵ǲҪ뿪ˣʵӲٰɣҲȹ˺ܶࡣ
׼ҪߵģҲͼʱ䡣̨ĿˮԼȻеصĸоǺǿңе㲻뿪Ϊ
һȥģŮˣʲô㶼ҵŮˣܴܲӦңҪ̫ɱ¾ɱûʲôҪɱ޹ˮ˵
ˮħŵħսһܵ˵ǺٵģȻħ֮ѪԭħԴĲǺܶ࣬һ㶼ǻܿƣɱ޹ĺ٣;ͬ飬ħҲһģֻɱ¾֮ĲŻɱܶˣɱ¾սҲߵɱħй涨овɱ޹ħžǼ˭ɱ˭̨˵ϵ΢΢͡
Ǿ̫ˣڴΪħһ죬ʱˮǺЦ
㵹Ǵḷ́ҲǲħŲݣʱǶԼһʱԳԳԡ̨տˮ
ãŬ׷㣬ʱǷ޺޵СˮǺЦˡ
ŲǷޡ̨һ䡣
ŵȻգ΢΢еСɰɫˮ˵㡣


2447 ѹı仯
̨ˣˮ΢е꣬ǿĵģû뵽һηô仯˫ϵһӷ˾޴ı仯޵ĿȻûгΪһĴڣȴǱ֮ǰѾʵĸı䡣
˾ô֣ر̨գ֮ǰһɲǾһ飬һֽܣܼˮѾ㹻ˣˮһھλһֲ˵顣
ûˣħҲҪˣˮﲻ֪á
ˮԼʵ֮ǰͬʵҲ˺ܶ࣬Ǻġ

ʱܿ죬һʱȥˡ
ʱˮھǻʳվ˽ţվ˽ţ˵ھǻʳõʵѾһȻˡ
賿ѾŵɻˣҾȻǰ˸ӡ
ϻѾˮĵӣ˿ʱϻҲõܣѧ˺ܶ౾£ҽʦҪˮʦοϻ⣬ҲˮҪԭ
ˮ̸ϻҽܼ򵥣꣬룬ʣµʱݹеΣϳ֢Ͽҽκ֢ܶ
ˮ֪̰ãԾûϻѧô࣬вٵҽʦһĲ֢ϻҲó֡
⼸ˮߵĵΪҲǽչ٣ˮѾˣǺܿ죬ܿ죬ˮɾٶȲ죬οһͻƵ㣬ǰͻ˵׵ģȻ˵
Բľˮʵ˿ֲĽ
ˮʵ60000
600000ķ
2ɵķˮķﵽ720000
񵲱60000ĸˮ൱780000ķ
ˮɽԵ56˺54зˮķﵽ780000
ս⻷󷨡һԼսԣˮķѾͻ1500000Ĵء
Ҳк̨ͬ޵ӵʵӵҲ١
ɽûʲô仯һﵽ˶ʮ˼硣
ˮҲǶʵĽǰۻ⼸ͻˣ졢ˡɱ¾սȶ񾳣ɱ¾ս˶ﵽ㡣
ˮɾҲиԵˮٶԶ١
ɽʲôģˮбܽٵⶫ˿ֲãûбܽٵͻؿڣˮһ붼Ҫ˱ܽٵǶ˳ȹˡ
ˮʵǺܲģǶȴǿ˵ʮӦòöҲͿͻˡ
㣬ˮĶǿˣرʮ
ʣµҲһ롣
񾳣һˮĻʵõ˿ֲôʱѾﵽһԲ磬ʵĻûʲôֲ
ˮҲŪ˲ٵѪǿû޺Ѫõ˾޴ı仯ѪѾﵽ˰ٷʮϣѾﵽٷʮ
󡪡
ٷʮĻѪ450000ʵ
ѪıԴܵİٷʮ˺ٷʮĹٷʮܵһиӰ죬ٷʮеĵֿıĺ˺ĻָٷʮķԣٷʮٶȺܣѪһʿͻƣͻƺѪõӡ
̤Բ磬ͻ湥һļѣΣĿ֫ľ޷ж
˲ǧ֮˲Ծ
ͻ˲乥Ŀ꣬Ӵ͸ƼףӣкСļʳӷ
棺µĻ󹥻дƼЧͬʱٶȡ
Թκڣͬʱĵֿ
ͷ롪
ٷʮĻѪ
ʵ300000
ѪͷıԴܵİٷʮ˺ٷʮܵһиӰ죬ٷʮеĵֿĺ˺ĻָٷʮķԣٷʮٶȺܣѪһʿͻƣͻƺѪõӡ
ƶͷ뷢޵иǿĸʴճԼǿĲ޷ƵĿ꽵ٶȡ
˿֣ͷԷһ˿Զйƣٶȼ죬˿ճԺͶԸǿ޷ƵĿ꽵͸ٶȡ
˿սģٶһ˲佫ΧһŴһĿ轵ٶȡ
ͷİޱȣżǿĶԺʹ͸Ч
ܣͷķǿ
壺𻵵Ҫʱ䣬Ѫʵ̡
˿þͷ˿ճԡԵõ
ޡ
Ѫٷʮ塣
ûʲô仯ʵرٶȣǴ֮̿ޣĴھΪɱ¾Ҳɱ¾֮ޡ
ʵûĺͻյµʵȻҲûˮĸ˵ˮˮͻʵӵĿֲյļˮս⻷ټ񾳶ûʵˮˡ


2448 ֮㣬
Ҳˮ뿪ǻʳҲ뿪ӡ
ʦϻĿˮ
ҵͽܣҸҲˣοǾ˵飬סҪν˵Уร񣬼סǰ˵ĻˮЦϻļ
ҲǾǻʳǵȻοоݰǹţҿνõˮ޴֧֣ھǻʳҲǿʵ֮һνس˵ǿˡ
ˮһֱڵǵͻƣҲǲˣԼʵҲǴԾ뿪ǰ
֪Ѿʱˡ
ʦͽסˡϻĿˮ
֮⻹оǻʳǵڶʵˮҲЩǷ˲飬ˮǲҵģҽҩš
ˣʱһˣֲԶˮЦЦк̤ޡ

ֳϣˮûж˵ϵʱԽԽʱҲޱϤˣ˵ٹ̣Ҳһ
;벻ǺԶûʲô磬ȴһ֮һ֮Ǿ;Ȼ硣
֮
һƬͷĺ󣬺ˮ峺ˮˮϺźһۿȥһƬٵľɫ޷˺֮ϵ
֮һƬ
ʲôΣաϪЦ
֮ԵǲΣյģֻҪͻޱȣſֲĺˮſֲޣҲУ֮ͨҪʵ˵ޱȵĿֲ
˵ܲ˳ȥսǰĺ
ʵӦ˵˭ҲûаٷְٰչȥֻҪﵽ۷ʵжɹϣԽԽáŵЦ
ŵɻˣûھǻʳǣˣ賿ҲˮһС
賿ڸϻǺרһԸŵֿ
ϢǿʼɺˮЦ˵
ЦŴӦˮǵĹǣ˵ֵ֮ĵطֻҪˮǴǾͲẦ¡
ˮûȥ֮ûбҪʵκûʲô⣬ǿԶҲ¡һսûκġ
һҹƽ˾ûκ鷢µĿԶˮ·һӣޱϲܰһ˵ɣµ
ˮվںߣ˵оһʱҲǴš
ճ£֮Ⱦ˽ɫһʱȻ
֮֮Ǻ֮һˮ֮Ҳˣǰ֮Ǻû֮ſֲ
һ˳޿ʼ˺֮ûжˮʹ˾С
֮Сǲٵģһ·ˮ˲Ϣ·ʱ˻Ϣһ£һǲͣġ
⻹ǵһ·Ϊ֮һʱ䣬ܵĽԼʱ䡣
֪Ѿȥһˡ
ˮ˻޵Ϣʵǿһûκ鷳һ·޶Ƕ㿪ˣ޵ıܣҲ޵֮
䣡

һޱȿֲľǴ𣬼һ޺ˮһе˳
һ˲䣬ˮܵһɿֲϢûüѾˣʵ̫ˣˮֻһֱ޴ޣѪˮһ˳˹
ô졣
ˮ˳ŵĿǾ޴ޣҲа׳һ¡
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ɽʽ
ˮҴ⣬Ȼһִ֡
ֿԷϵԷʽǰĳѣζ֣ʱϲȷֻܱѣθգʱͺܲˡ
䣡
ѣôһ˲䣬ˮ˳ȥٶǺܿ죬޴ִݿ֮ơ
ʱˮɽʽѾֻײһ
ǿô裬ͬʱˮ˳ŵ޷ɿǰȥѸٵ
ޱϵ˶ľֻʵֲ̫ˡ
ʲôô㣬Ҳôֲ̾˵
Ȼ治У˵ôôֲһֽ㣬˵Ҳһ״Сֲĳ̶ȱֻӦй֮޲賿ҲǺ𾪣Ҫ֪մǰһСĿɾ군ˡ
֮ΣգһСľͻύ
ǿʲôͻȻս񾪺
ҶԶȻһ󾪣ԶһҾްԵĺɫ󴬣ɫĴ󴬣ȴһѩ׵Ĺͼ

賿˵ֵʱ촽е¡


2449 ǿİ׹Ǿ
ʲôˮɻʵ
賿ɫ賿ʧɫĴھԲһĶһֲܿ
֮һ־߿˵֮֮Խ־ΪĻûĿܡ賿ϾǸǿߣڵҲϾΣҲ˳ԽΣԽ̽ա
ŶⶫôаȣˮҲǺ档
賿ͷô죬˵ǴԶģһʵĴ˵û˵˭Ϊ˵˶ˣǾȻˣò˵ǵùˡ
˵׼빲˵׼źܶءˮûôţҲȫ䱸ͨԶʻ
һˮɫҲһ죬ͨֻܿһͨһźʲôҲ塣
ԽԽˮҲǸоѹԽԽһѹѹƵ˺ѣ˭о賿֮ǰ˵ĻǶԵġ
䱻ˮѾرǸѩ׵ĹԽĴۣͼ˸оͬʱҲоС
ˮңңһȭһˮӵˣһȭʯ󺣣ȻûκβΧţҾ޴ȵ˸оͷƤ顣
ͻȻˮоԼľֱ˺קĸоɫһ䣬Χߵ˾ȻǷ㶳һֻ״̬
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һķ¡¡ѣһ£֮ǰǳ˻þĻþõ飬˳벻Ը
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ӽӡ˿˵ķҲԽйˮʵһзҵķ
ˮоɭаȵһ֣һͷҾѧӦ°빦
䣡
һη˾޴ĺҲǺžͿ߳һˣһŮˣŮûκϢһڵ·Ŷңһںɫȹ֮С
ˮͨκεطֻܿĸħǻʣµʲôҲˡ
˫ִ࣬վڴͷļװϣûκεϢûκεϢˮͨżԿһѩ׵ĹǼܡ
׹Ǿ
йޣһдĳʶޣ˵ǹʵһ֮ǰǸˣֻǻһ״̬ѡ
ԾǿһһĴڣҲ˸оôĳԾ
ˮоǰѹ֣Ů˱ȭǰ·ð̧֡
ŮվڼװһҲ֪ǲǿˮˣѾͣ
ұ䣬ֻ֮Ʈһ˳ɹǰɹ֮ҾҪĳͷԴԡ
ˮüһʱҲ벻˵ʲô
ǲǴ㴳ȥŮ˵
ǰҲðҲˮôܹǰĽ
֮ϣҿԺܿĳκεطںܶʱ뿪֮Ů˵ٴ
뿪Ҳǲܣ뿪ķǰαΪأɱҲûʲôôˮ˵
Ҳûбİ취֮Ʈ˲֪꣬ұ˺ҲˣҲɡŮ˵ŭ
ҸоǰӦûǻšˮ˵
Ǹ޴ʹ࣬ڱ󣬾ϣһɱ𣿡Ů˿ˮ
ˮü֮󣬻˵㲻ҿɱ㣬ҲԣҲܰ
Ůһ㶣⻹һ⣬þκòſˮȷԸ
ʵһ߹һ񼶵Ĺûӡϡ
ȷеʹ࣬Ӧ֪׹ǵĵҩˮ˵
Ůҡҡͷ׹ǵĵҩûãˡ
ټ֮ȪءˮЦ
һµŮ΢΢һݵϾһ߹ֻˮͨʱżԿһ߹˿һȻŮˡ
㣡ˮֱӰ֮Ȫ֮Ƶĵҩȥо۱ʲôģⵤҩ֮ȪЧ̫ˡ
Ů˽סһ̧ͷˮѵЩ֮ɱ𣿡
˵ˣӵֻӵ֮Ҫ鷳˵벻ˮ˵
֮ҿڴӡŮ˻˵
ǲ֪ǰڿɲԷ뿪ˮ˵
ԣҿ԰ֱ͹ȥ͵ϡŮ˵


2450 ޹
ллǰˣҪ֮ˡ
಻ʲôҲ֪ٴˡ
ˮһ㶣ҲûжʣϿգһŵĺǰˮŮˣֶΣΪŮҲôбҪô鷳
˸оһ˲Ļ㱣ž͵һطǴ󺣣֮һۿͷ
ֻǵˣǾͿԳˡŮˮ˵
ǰˣǰϾͻ⴬ϻҪʱ䣬͸ǰ԰ﵽǰˮŮһռгԵģоƣеҩʲô
ŮҲûƴǣлһȻʧˡ
ҶӿʧǶܿյĵطǰ

оŸ̴СޱȵǾǰ컹ϣŸǹգ־ǰһޱ𺳵ģ˿ֲȴһ¡
ޱȣ鶯֮Ƣ˵⣬鶼оرĺá
ôһκڵ˳ǳУ˸¥ЪϢһ£Ȼǰ
ϳǣ
ֺףǾϱߣһдһǳء
Ǿеһʳ㲻ϣֻǴʳһӹһС
һ˳ڴϳǣôһ㲨ҲˮܰҲûʲôеԸڳǳ߶ڴ
ţˮͻȻԶһϤӰ
Ӱһνһұ꣬Ӧһ̡
ڸҸׯ԰һȥǡ
ã
ˮŮ֣ƺһˣȥ
ţȥɣȥҵطסСһ㡣
ţ֪ˮŮȥ
̣
ϳΧٵð֮أ̡ҩʲôĶܶ࣬Ҫ˵˶ɡ
ˮ߽ҳ̡
ǺܴҲǺСɨһۼûʲô̫õĶһʹҲˣָıУǧűϰ˸ֱ

洫صĴˮܿȥûз֮ǰǸӰԿ϶ǵӰҲŲæıһΧĶ
Χ˲٣󲿷ֶǿ뿪ˣҲһЩ˼ѱıȽ϶һЩ
ǮǸСӣΪ˺ں
ǸˣС΢Цߵˮߡ
ˮѾﲻʱˡ
Щиһ𣿡ˮЦʵ
Сһ㶣ˮ˺ᣬȴһ˸о崺磬ЦŵͷԵȣȥһ¡
ûһСӺһŮ˳ˮŮ˵ʱסˡ
޹
Ů˺޹һһŮ˵ɫû޹ôģܿˮ֪ⲻ޹޹Ѿˣںܶˡ
ǧ治УȻôƵˣ˵һһ̫ˡ
Ů˿ˮĿɫҲûʲô仯˵Ҫһı
ţСһѳĺ񣬻˵һһˮ˵
֮Ƶ˶ȥûʲôŮ˻˵
Ǹо˼飬ϧ޷㣬ȻһԳΪѵġˮ̾
Ŷô˵ĺһˡŮ΢΢˵
ˮóƽʱĻ仨޹ܶţҲǸ
㿴ֻɫе㲻ͬ༸ȫһһ
Ů˿ҲסˣȷϵĲŮ˺Լһһֻǿģ˺һ˵ұΪ˵˵أҲ
ˣʮǰѾˡˮҡҡͷ˵
Բ𣡡
޷ӵĽ㣬ʱҴ㣬𣿡ˮ˵
ã
֪ѾߵݣıҪ˺ܶ࣬ʮ֮һıԱĵθ˲ֹһ
ˮȻûдþòſڣıԼġ
ţǣŮ˵ƺϲ˵̫໰
ˮԼĲ˲١
ǸŮ޹ɫѷɫ˫٣Ů˺޹һһһĳ죬ŵź΢΢ķ飬رǰǶɽ壬ͦΣ
ˮûʲô˼Ҳǰ޹ɽһ޹Ҳ֪ΪʲôϵڿŮһʱرĸо·ǸһŮվԼǰӡޱȵ̡
ı֪ܲ⡣Ů˵ˮʧҲе㲻ڣϾˮǸİ˶ѣϲĿⶢš


2451 һ
ˮЦЦ˵ʵıֻһ㣬ҲҪ濴㣬оϤ̲סˣ㲻ͻɡ
ȻᣬûʲôҾҪʼˡŮЦЦ
ΪΪʲôôһأˮʵ
Ůһ㶣ˮʵȷʵŮ˾ȶˮԿʵ۷徳ߣҲǺܲĴˡ
ˮղŷҲΪԷʵԭ
Ǹ׵ԸһԼ󡣡Ů΢΢ԥ˵
˵ʵˮƽ治ûѹĺö
֪һҪ츳ҲҪһЩУҲǾȿŰɣҲֻϤһ㡣
ĮƺҲû飬вЦżЦЦҲԵĸ䡣
Ҳһ죬֪ҿɲԶһѡˮ˵
ԣŮ˵ָָ̨
ˮͷȻʼǧѾﵽһֲľ磬ڵˮڴһܵĸо
һ顭
֪ٱʱ䲻ǺܳȴǺиоһͨѾ˰ˣʵı仯ˮûͣһֱĴڻ
ٴη⣬ĵٴѾԺϷϧˣһͨѾǱȫեˡ
ȻǶ졣
ˮַȻޱȣϹŶҲǶһġ
ʱһˮȫͶ룬ŮҲǱûиоʱš

һѩ׵ĹʱˮŮ˶عȻĿˮǰ߳ѩ񣬴ŵʥϢ
Ů˸ͨĶԶһѳ
˵𣬵α
˵ѾǺֲܿˣˮֻ߳һ㴫˵ɲ˭еģܶǿҲֻʹô˵𣬴˵ǲٵģǶʦúò϶ģҪܴʱ˺͡
㿴ⲻˮ߳ݸŮˡ
Ůϵ˲סˣû뵽Ǵ˵ġ
ôģ񽳣𣿡Ů΢΢е㼤ЩҲһ˺Զ
ҲרŸģѾܶûдˣ쿴㣬һ¡ˮʵĻش
Ůֱ̼ˣﵽο˵ֵģûˣ˵ҪˮһĳŮѵõЦˣҾΪ˴һ𣿡
ȻǣʵҲǺʱͽˣûҪôˮŮֻصǸʱ
ףұϾʱ䳤Ͳʶĸоˡ
Ե֣ܿģҿ㿪̣Ҳ֪ԼϲϲҰ״ɡˮ˵
ˮÿ뵽޹һʹҲ˫ʹȻɱЩˣоޣ޹Ҳ޷ˮԶоһ޷ʧʹ
Ůٴμ޹ˮıֻҪϲˮԸҪһУֻҪԼó
ϲŮ˲ûΪˮҪоȡ
ʱҺᣬǸСӡˮЦЦ
ȥ͹ȥɣſɣڵҲϣǿĵġŮ˵
㡭
ִҺѧŮ˵
ˮŮѧǧŮѧĺܿ죬ˮ̵ĺͶ룬ֽŮ˿ˮɫûκεḡҲûֹ㡣
ʱһĹȥˮعʱɫˡ
лл㣡ŮǳЦ˵
Ӧлл㣬ҵоһֿ֣㱾ǶҵһֲҵĲ㲻أҿ㿪ľͻῪģϴܿҸ
ǺǣҵƷˡŮ΢΢ҡͷҲûвģֻСеǣǿ
ԭҵ˽
ҲûʲôﵽҲãֻһΡ
Ѿ֪ˣԺʱ㣬һˮ˵
ţһ뿪

ˮҵׯ԰Ҳûѯˮʲôˡ
ס죬һܵʱ䣬ˮÿ춼ȥһ̣Ůûиˮ֣Ը޹ȫһģһһˮһ˿𣬿ˮ֪Ů˲޹
һܺˮ뿪ˣһܣˮŮ˲ٶ󲿷ֶǹ֮࣬ҲϤˣǰ̱Ԫϴ跥ҩҲһݣиҳϸĹЧ˵ȡ
ˮоһһγˮǰǸʱ޹


2452 ̨յŮ˳
̫ʳǣ
̨մʱһУǺܴȴõĺܰѩ׵ĵ̺һȾ
һʤѩһȾüĿ续üȴǶһ˿ͣԶһСѾͷ
ף
СѾͷµޣüĿ̨֮߷ֻǶһֵƤŵСȹиСһܶһ
̨տСѾͷϸˣ¾˽Сһﱧڻ壣
ˮһо˼飬̨յŮϴθ·ȻôһΣôҲ뵽Ȼбˡ
ˮͱ֮һдʩûУⶼˣÿһ𣬶ûкӣŮ˶ûУɼôѡ
û뵽̨֮·ûѣȻ˸ӡ
̨΢΢еãǸǻϲرСѾͷĳ
û˸ɲ²Ѿͷ̨ѾǾħŵǽھħţŮĳ̨շԼĶˮļһЩһμԼˮ׷ѰĲ鶼֪ˡ
ʵȻ⼸˸ŮʵӵĸˣڵħʵѾֲܿˣǿħ߾˾͸Ƕ಻ʤ
һǰŰ׾ٵħţҲ˲ٵħЩ˶ұˡ
ףǲˡСѾͷ̨ջ￪ĵЦ
ûС̨ЦŮǰһֱ΢Ц֪ʲôʱѾرЦˣŮڳʱ
ôϺ֡СѾͷСѾܴ֪һЩ򵥵ˡ
̨ղûСѾͷʲôеæԺǵġ
̨ѵһ죬СѾͷԴʲô׸ȥ
Ҳҵ壿̨ա
̨ʲô£СѾͷǵһ˵ˣһ壱ǰҪܶࡣ
ã˷״òą́տˮһӣôҲܾˣŶˮļ䣬Ҳȥˮĳ嶯
˺ܶ࣬ʹӰŲ£ҲھΣ壾ͻоһЩ
ŮԼŮŮˣʸѵһ塣

뿪ϳѾˣǽմӾ
Ǿһ־ԵĵطǺܶĵطҲð֮أб޶ޣҩҲж컨
µʱ䣬ˮеõĥȻ̾ξ޴ΣգβüսҪˮҽֲҪһ룬ʣµҲһ롣
˵ҽּңѧһЩҽȻͷϵˡ
ˮ֮ǰۻ۷壬ͻˣȻ벻ɾǰͻƵĲ㡣
ﵽĲˮо泩˿ֲĲһˮ룬ʵʱǿ˺ܶ࣬رˮʵǺ֮ǰһӣʮ˻ʣµľŸ˻һ롣
ˮҲƽͶڵƽ⣬ȻԽԽǿʵУôսʱܿΪص㹥Ķ󣬱ˣȻûˡ
Ĳʵˮ΢һ㣬ҲǶôľȣĵǺܿĵġ

˳ǣ
Ǿǿһǳ֮һھֻо»ʳǿʣµûųʲôڶΪŲֲߵͣ˳ǳ˾»ʳ֮ǿĳǳ֮һ˾»ʳûʲôǳؿѹס˳ǡ
˳λھвƫһЩ˳ǵܾ˵һͨ˴￪ʼһֱߵߵ۷壬ǳؾΪ˼Ǹ˵ġ
ķ˳ǺСȴޱȣΧĳǳضѾڷ˳ǣз˳ǣԼ֣ͱһʡǸǸأʡģ˳ǾΧĵطԼ֣ڷ˳ǵġ
˳ǵĳ˵ǵǸ˵ļ壬ѾʵֲܿγɴжԼĶصϵǵ츳ӵĿֲʥķ֮
ˮһڷ˳ǵطһׯ԰
˳ĳǳأʵﶼз֧ʲôģˮ￪ʼۼȻͨ»ʳٴӻܿ죬Ҫʮʮꡢá
ѾϣĲ㣬ҪŬʵʱӰݵĸ֡
˼Ʈ˺ԶԶҲãһֱǱǰûʲôѾˣŮˡ


2453 ˮ̨ա
ׯ԰һˮأΪСֻˮأˮ峺Ϸˮرпô󣬿ڵסˮص֮һС
ˮվЩ˼źܶණˣдˣһЩѾٵˡ
ͻȻһϤϢŵĻͷ߲Զվŵ̨ա
һϮѩ׵βסȵˣһ͵ߣսǣһ˿ʥ࣬ħ
üͣղʩɫ糯ϼӳѩɽŮգɫһѩ׵βסߣ絶ǰĻľĶǣأ޳Ľ
ôˮʧ񣬵ˮȵﱧһ۵СŮһС޵ĸо֪ܿԼŮ
ˮˣȻԼĺӣǰ֣Ƕǰʵ΢ʱҲ㣬˵ʵѾ˽죬иӼֱ󡭡
ףǵСѾͷرˮĻһӾϳˮ
ˮعһӵǰֽһӱգܿˡ
ѾͷһҪ㣬Ҿˡ̨΢Ц˵
ˮٴһ㶣˵СѾͷʱЦݲЦݡ
㲻𣿡ˮЦ
룡̨ոɴ˵
ˮӣȻ̨գֱסŮ㣬ÿģǵŮʲô֣
ˮܼ嶼΢΢ʹСѾͷһڡ
ǵŮѾͷˮİסСѾͷЦš
СѾͷЦˮĲӣףϲˮϢϲһҲ֣·ǵһμһ壬塣
壣Ҫǲϲһ̨˵
ܺõְϲˮ̨գоһЩ仯֮ǰǲôģԼΪĸо
ˮҼ˺ܶණ̨տˮܸӡ
Ļˮһϲӵɫ֪˺֣ܶ࣬ҪôˣѾԽԽõķչ˵أ
ҵ𣿡
ûУֻѹ㾭ô࣬ôö˰ɡ
ںܿҲ㡣̨Ц壵С֡
ˮ֪Ůı˺̥ܶ࣬ʮµĹ⣬Ժԥȥػġ
ʱŮ˹̨һ㶣һʱ䶼΢΢еŹ֡
Ǻą́΢ЦŴк
գˡȵ˵Ȼ󿴿ˮˮŵСѾͷǾȡ
ãСѾͷЦ
ЦˣСѾͷǳ
˵ֱӱ˹ȥǷ۵С
˲ˣǲǻںҡ̨ʵһֱһ뵱ʱˮ
ڻЩ仯ģû뿪ˮʱ޷ԼˮȻҲǺھΡѹʹΪСѾͷʱȥôãҲǿˡ
ʲô㣬𣿡ʱЦоѻˣҲ̨֪յʹô򵥵Ļ
زˣ֪ǲߵġ̨ҡҡͷ
Щӱܲ˵ģزҲ£ⲻСѾͷˣ壬԰ħźϲˡЦ˵
ʵ㹻ҲûпܣھʵǰʲôģʲôҲпܷġ
ģȥԵģһһԸˮ˵
ܿһʢķˣСѾͷǣڶΧСѾͷ˵˵ЦЦرĺãŮرϲСѾͷ̨ҲǺɣѵɣһ˼оرů
ȥʲôʹʹ˾ôôڣĺʲôҲҲһо졣
ҶҲףԾûᡣ
óԣСѾͷ忪ĵ˵
ˮﲻʱšҳҳǸ
ϱûкˮһ飬ʱ̨պˮǲ֪ˮʲôҲûüʣ֪ôŮҲƶϳʱ䣬ȴǷʱˮ϶ǺԼһġ
СѾͷŮϤˣҲŮȥˣȥҹˡ
ˮȻ֪Ů˼ֻܿЦһŮȴΪԼôﴥ
̨ȻҲˣûз
ˮ߹ȥߣˮŵһĨĺΣҲǼӿ죬΢΢ͷȥˮ
գˮס֣ϸ壬޹ǡ
ţ
ûпˮΪŮԭŮˣϼָ֪ҪʲôȴһҲܣķѾ
ˮһ̨ձ§˻뻳ˮԼÿ졣


2454 У
ˮᱧͷסǺ̴ڣȥ
Ĵϣѩ׵ı죬ֱݽȥô࣬ˮͷĹ̨յأڣŷ۵ࡣ
绨һĴ꣬ޱȣɢ㡣
̰˱Һϸ΢ĴϢħһˮ
˫ѾķɽԽ룬ϸļ֬ůҪʤһһһչˮǰ
ͦεͦţҲŮԭ򣬱ǰ˲٣İΣѩ̺ĶôķۣΡΡɢ˵
ˮֱѵԼ·Ĩǻ԰һƬˮǹֱӽ롣
ĽתһӹزסĴɫ
̨צһˮ岻ϵĽӲչٽӲʺУˮսǺǿġ
治ˣҰɣ̨һδﵽ۷壬סˮ޵ϳ㡣
ˮٴηĸһҲﵽ۷塣
а̨հˮǰֵǱѩ任״ѩĹ⻬
ˮ̨Ľе
ҪϹˮЦ
Ϲ̨΢΢ɻ˵
ţԣٺһˮʹӵ
Ҳ֪Ϲʲô˼ˣɫ΢죬ˮһۡ
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ֵ𣿡̨Լˮ֮һУҲǺܸп
ֵãǳֵˮЦſŻŮˣǵŮħͷħ𣬽ħŵ
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ˣҪˣһ˳ȻҲ뿪ˣɽǰ·ûйȥĿҲʱ򲻷Ѵ֮ˮͷͷĶͷ
ţ

һ̨֮մ뿪ˣˮܲᣬڵ뿪ҲΪԺžۣ壱ˮ֣ˮһֱ͵ԶԶ
ˮڷ˳ǲпʲôãǴڷ˳ΧԼڷ˳ǹ䣬ܲҵһЩ©ԵõһЩҲ˵
У
ˮ⼸һ㶣С˳ҲһǿĳǳأһʳǶҪֲܶ࣬һطҪܴĵ̵ġ
ǰһǰİ֢Ⱥܶ༲ûйˣһЩСطȴǴſκõƣھҪǸһ첻Ҫˡ
УûƷôҲ޷ģȻҲÿζƷο˵һ˭õ񼶶ҲȥòǻȥԼõͬƷʵƷ
оεѲǮˣﻻɵӲŻȥǮ
ˮ˽ȥ̻Ի͵УݻޱȣȻѾⷲ˳ʮˣһл϶ûȥֻǴŵ鱨֪һЩ
ûе䣬˶ڴһ¥¥λ֮䵹ǺܿҲǰͺߣɵĿһλΧսʮˣЩλܸߣȥΧվŵ˻Ҫôһ㡣
ˮȥ֮󿴵Ѿܶˣһ㶼һţΧˣһǻ֮࣬˶һˣſп飬óһЩԲ뾺ĵĶ֮ܽȥ֤оĵ
ˮ˸λ£λƤģܸɾһȾרžĶȥλܿԲ˶ӵˮ˶С椣ʱûʼӵұޱȡ
ЩСеỤ̊ɫҲǰһģҲһ񣬿Զֶ죬ģٲλϡ
ˮлķ񣬾ݵķǺܿŵģرˣӢ۷ǿ߷Գг˵ݡ
ˮҡҡͷеܲˣǰһʵǱǮǿ󣬱˭ŮƯﾺĵĺܶ඼ԼŮ죬еỤ̊еŮرƯǰĵ֪ʶһ˻ûдŮĻҲһ£費ҪҲǿ˿͵˼
ǺãŮʿǺãľĿʼһһ˺һòŲ̊
ɤźܴŮһĶȹͦɽƺҪ·ϸߣ˶βԲ̣ͦúܶ˿ˮ
ܶ˶ǱŮ˵ȴǾޱȣüĿ续ڴĺڱʯһ崿ޱȡ
еҲһ羰ߣΪĴеɡ


2455 񶦣շϼ
ˮŮҲһ㶣ⲻͯվ飬ܾ£ǾħҲԵúС崿ֻˮϸܵһ
һˮоŮ˵ʵҲһ㣬οǸʦź⣬ȹһ㱡ɴ޳ѩ׵֣ɢһĵ
ˮʶأصľȴǷŮ˺ܲ򵥣˫ħǳʯһħϵЦݻڳÿһ˵飬Ů˶ᱻȾ
ӭУĻͲ˵ˣϹأʼ۸ߵ֮ǵĵһ΢Цֱ˵
һŮһһĶź첼󣬵첼ţҲ֪ʲô
Χܰ˶ǶǸɫƶȻʵĿ⻹ǷǸŮϡ
һŮ˳˺첼¶һɫСʱŮ˵񶦣񶦺ȾƻҩһЧĿʼҪߵҩ
Ů˵дԣҲ࣬ŶһܣãΪʲôܶ˶ҪŮŮǿã˷Ӧݣ鿪
ˮ񶦣ЧˣŽȥˮǿЧģŽȥƻߵҩҲһЧⶫĺܲǱˣΪ̫СˣܵܶƣҪҪŽȥµʱܴﵽЧ
ǷŽȥһŵҩƷҩҲ㣬Ⱦƣһ£̫ˡ
ܶ˶΢΢ֱһ£ⶫļֵӵҩƷʣںȾʲôΣԺܶ˻Ǻ񶦵ġ
¹һţ˳ۡ
¹Ǿһĵرǿа¾˵ĵɽȲеĶְ¹ϡ٣Ȼ׹ǣ˵ĻָȴЧ˲ԻָˣǺصˣһɵʵһʱ
Ҳǰ¹ļֵսһ˺أͻȻȫָʵɣô˵Ҷ֪¹Ȼ׹ǣֻҪһָܻǹͷѣѣǿ޸ǰ¹ܳΪҩԭ
ֵЩ׹ǵҩҲѷɫ׹ҲҪʱ䣬սҩͰ¹̫ˡ
Ȼǰ¹Ǵֱʡ
һ
ֵѾ˰¹Ծѹ˰¹
ĵʱѳ۵ĶóǰϣϢģʲôķȥҸоǸֵߣͻǸ档
ЩļֵйۣǿҪʲôʲô
ˮǰ档
ôʮȫֱʡ˾̾
ֺܶ࣬ǱܹʮȫȫȵȣϺܺõĶҩֱ츳ǱΪ
кϵ棬ˮҪҲõģΪҩ߾ƵƷʣˮо۱裬һ㶫һֱģ񶦺;۱֮ǳͻģþ۱֮޷ðٱҪðյģһСľʧˣ߳Ϊ
СӣʶͰջȥʱһ
ˮü˵һӣᣬһ˫۾ˮŽ·Զˮһ
΢΢üˮֱӿλϵӣ֮ǰ˵ֻһ
ӺᣬӢһɶصʣһŮˣ߹󣬷£һ͸ңһѷ·ˮһ
˿Ҳˮֻ΢ЦŰŮ˵֣ȻǺͻҲðʧ˸оҲŤ
ˮջĿ⡣
ǳĺշ˭ҺͺշģҪùˡС˵
˭˵أȻշֵ̫һһŹǸ˵ġ

٣Ҫ˹أȡ㾺ʸ񡣡Ůʱ˵˲ɡ
շ΢ЦſŮˣСЦˣˣһҲˡ
䵽ˮС
ˮܵȺ˵Ŀ⣬һֿ˵Ŀ⡣
Ƿ˳ǵףǸ˾Ǻϼҵģڷ˳ףˮǸһСȻշûһƢˮƣֻΪɫƺշֱǿˣôһ㣬Ů֣ˮ֮ǰʶоĿӦġ
ŮʲôʲôŮѹƺϼ壬Ϊʲô˵ϼǷ˳ǿĴڣ


2456 ׵ⴥ
ˮûпۣǸշҲûг֣һٴһԺˮ۾һ
һӣͨѩףһŴƿУССȭͷС
һ׵޵Ѫʵǰٲ̫˿ʼģֻҿĶܳɽŮ˵Ȼ˵
ԳۣȻֵȣɽɻңмҿֱȷɽرϲĶֱӳɽ
öշһƿǰ̨ϡ
շٴγ֣öļֵ׵ļֵҲѷɫʲô׵ʹõģʹõģϼϾǴʵȻõĳҲͬȼֵ߸һģȻᱻЦġ
Ẕ́ԪˮʱҲˡ
ˮҪ׵Ϊ˺ͺշڱ˿ȴǲһˣΪһξˮִӺշ񶦣мշûг֣ˮҲûг֣һκշһ֣˶ûг֣ˮȴٴγˡ
ֵģϼǺǿ󣬵ϼһӻڶԣֻǺܶ˰ĺϼѡ
ڿˮ˶ˣһЩΪˮҺշ鷳ҪǾҲһʱ֣ǹôչ
շĿ⿴ˮ΢΢üȻ󿪿˵ö
ĿẔ́ԪˮüͷҲ̧˵
ˮ֪Ѿǳ׵ϼˣ͵ɣҲûʲô˵ġ
շûپģҲû˵׵ˮ£ʱշȴվȥ
Ҫˣһٵúٶںľˡ
ǰҪ˾͸Ͻܰɣ뿪ⷲ˳ǣжԶ߶Զ
˵Ͻڷ˳Ϊ˾ûб޷ģݵܼ򵥵һҡҡͷЦ
Ҳǣô˵ٻҪˡ
⵹һǲװֵģϼҲΪô¾ͶԸһ˰ɣĹݡ΢Ц˵
ˮЦЦƺԼԼ̫ϼҲôԼ
ûʲôöˮûôġ
ˮǴ񶦣ˮǴɽģȻе˷ѣΪ񶦵һãһЩⶫƷʡ
Ʒʣͷ·ʣˮܼɽƷʺܲˣƷֻˮɽǷĸȼƣɽƷ
ƷĳһߵĴڣҲܶ඼󲿷ֶǻƼһƼһزࡣ
ƼҲǺģˮĻƽսʵǻƼиǿԣһЩ
񶦿һЩⶫƷʣһˮѡɽķɽֻҪһﵽ˵ؼԿֲޱȣӺܶ࡭
ȻûеĶˮûг֣úܶ˸Ӹоˮͺշġ
վˮߣѾˣʱǸŮȴ˹һ£
ˮͷվǰŮˣһջˮҲ˼£ǿԸܵǿҵȻ󣬾µȻӣȴƫƫ崿ޱȣǷ欵˱Щٸӵķ飬ˮֵסŮǸӡ
ǸԭװģȻˮҲио
Ŷʲô£ˮջĿʵ
ڳȥЩ鷳һ߳ȥŮ˵
ˮһµͷǾСˡ
Ҫ֤˿͵İȫŮ˵תˮһȥ
շĻҶ֣ˮ˵
Īǲ˳ǡŮǴһ˿Ц⡣
ɣ˼ˡˮҲû
շǺϼˣҲ㲻ΪСһЩӦǺСصǰӣ˭Ҫûӣǲϧκδ۶ҪһȻһԼĸоŮ˵
˻治Ϊ壬Ų򡣡ˮҡҡͷЦ
㣬ˡðǲǺϼʲôڣŮ˻ͷˮ
ˮû뵽ԷȻͣһعͷһȥȻɲסӣ˵ֲθ⣬ˮ飬ȻʱͣȴǷΡ
Ů˵β̫ˣԲ̣ͦˮȥԾֱˮ˷ӦܵˣһԴԾ΢΢ǰ죬ͺͶԷ벻һ磬һһ˵촽һ


2457 ӭս̫̫
һµı仯ֱ˾ֹˣȻ΢ζˮӣ˵ıǼһˮ۾˫ڱʯһʱ˫ӾȻҡ
Ů˻عѸ˺΢΢һ죬һ崿ϢԽ崿ޱȣʱϲĵˮ
ˮεӣ⣬Ҳǹġ
Ůεҡҡͷޱȣ崿ŮԵرʣǰߣ㻹ûлشҵأ
ˮһ£뵽֮ǰŮ˵˵ǵв֪ϼǷ˳ǵĳ壬ǰû
ˣƺܶ˶оԺշġŮЦЦ˵
ʱôණΪʲôҪĶҲҪˮоҲͦɵġ
ҲһԵ֣ϧϲԣȻ˵׼ܳΪѡŮЦ
ˮҲɵЦˣǶô䣬֮ǰǾЦġ
ˣҹôҲɲѵģܲΪѾˡˮҡҡͷ
ڿѾΪˡŮͣԶ
ѾУǰԶһվΪ׵ĲǺշ˭ʱζĿˮŮˡ
ˣ㻹ǻȥɣҪˡˮշЩŮ˵
ҰģҲ뿪Ů˵
Ҵ߶ᱻסôҪлл㣬ԼӦˮ
С㣬ȥɣûˣҲġշŮЦ
ʲôҵѣϣٲҪΪҵѡŮźշ˵ƽ
ðҾ͵ʲôҲûзշЦ˵
ŮüҪ˵ʲôˮ˼վŮǰźշЦǰɣڵ𣿡
СӣװʲôأȻңǾҪ׼շζĿˮ
㣿Ҳ̫߹Լ˰ɡˮ˵
㡭ãȻҺԣǾóʱȻͱ߳˳ˡշŭЦ
ϼǷ˳ǵĳǿĴڣϧĻɫúϼۿֻۣɫ̫ʧˣУȰ㻹ǲҪôQһһQ岻һͷˮźշ
װʲôβǣΪҲ֪ݣսѣҲշ˵
ҽ쵹Ҫƾʲôô衣
ˮ˵ֱָӵ̹ȥ
ָ
շȻʵΪ˽һ򲻻Լðյģʱߵһ˳һ
мһ־ܿŵǳ
˺һɽԽվһɣһַ·֦һ㣬ͣɶ
ž
ˮĽָˣָΪȭ
ȭ
һըףһȭ˵ϡ
޴ײˮӰ΢΢ԷȴһİڶˮӰǰһ㿴ƲȴѸٵˮǰٴ֡
ֱ粨ƣһ
ˮʹӰǷ֮ڶǿֲɱ֣˵ʵǿ񾳣ҾӦñˮһ㣬Ҫƺĳִͨ
Ȼﲻ־磬ˮҲʶĥԼûʹԼǿսϾǷ˳ǣЩƻǲҪı¶ܶ˵ɱﵱԶ֪ΪĶˡ
̫
ˮ֪ԷĴͨӦ̫ĵ̣ˮ̫Ӹ֮ǰĽӴˮͻȻоԼʶ˺ܶܶ࣬Ҳʹ̫
ˮ̫Ѿǰ̫ˣ̺̫ɽʽͱȭͨȭȭζᲢãɸտᶼһ䡣
ˮҪǸоǷϡ
ˮʩչ̫ҲǴһû뵽˾ȻҲͨҾܲ͡
һ;ͬ;ˮΪԼһ˻̫߲̫̫ս˾һֲܿ
ԡ
ѸٵĽӴӰŲϵĽʱķһƵΧ˿Ŵ󲿷ʱ˫һ֣Ҳֻ˫֪еա
һˣôɵ˺һǾͻɾ޴Ĵˡ
ˮǲ˵ˣֲĿɽļȣڵˮ͵ʦѧգ˵ĥԼ̫ôһʱ䣬ˮ̫˵һǧһҲΪȡſɹľ飬ܶǰ׸оԴƵСһϵͻơ
һƣԵĸоˮʵϵӣҪԼĶ֪ˮ̫ϵѾв°ˣɾʱ䣩


2458 бȫնɱ
ˮڷ·оԼʶѿе̫ζԽԽŨǰֻа壬ڲ˵Ĺ򣬺ˮоԼĻǶôĿֲһҵйڱֱһʰ
֣ɽޡ
Ʊգͻɽӵңˮڵ̫ѳԽǰ̫֪ʽҲǰĶʮʽģֻ̫һζʽûˣֻʣôһζ
ƮݵӰſĴ壬ƺ˿Уһ˿ֻٽӴ֪пֲӲĽһ
ԡ
ھȻֻʣмܵķݣ޷ƽԽ޷ƽԽмܣѾǿ֮ĩǿмˮĹϱ򵽵ĵطգޱȣ֧š
ԣ
һȭˮƱȭֱ˵Ŀڡ
꣡
ޱȣ˿Ѫ˳ȥˮսû׷һսˮ˵ľ綼оһ˿仯΢սʶõһʵķ
շھޱȣ˵ʵںϼҲǿһʵڼҲǺģǺշҲҪһ塣
һȴһУշвƽ⣬ҲǸţĿԼоȾөµ
ǧ˼ӿͷһͷɱɱΣ˶ˣܿͿ˿ΧǿĶѾˣֻһ취ȺŹ
Ҳ֪ȺŹҲзյģһûɱ˶ԷԼǲǻᱻԷɱˣͱԼ뷨ЦˣԼ˭ϼˣڷ˳˭ɱԼ
һɱշܿͱԼ뷨ˣٴ߿вʮˣȻǿıˣʣµҲʮѷһġ
ʱշóһ״СľһĶ˳ˮʱþˮһա
һѩ׵ĽĹһ˲նˮ
һˮëսܵһΣǵ
䣡
һƬ̵ׯ԰ֱӻΪ档
вԶΧҲУһ»ٵһƬׯ԰˲ˣˮüͷšʲôϢÿֲɲԸȥԣǿҲȥĳԣͲ
շһˮˣ¶һ˿΢ЦʱѾɱˮߣǹȭһˮѹȥ
ˮʱѾó˻ƽսꪣߵҲߣһɨǧɨ˳ȥ
ƽսꪴһɫİԲƺ˺ˣΧӶȥ
ˮȫһ񱩵һֱӲԷ
гǿҵΧĴըݺᣬˮĿǿ󣬲ûܵʲô˺ʱ˷ֱһץȥ
ͬʱĬӰȵĴ˳ȥ
ڵޱ֮ǰǿֲ̫ˣӵ˻ѪͳٶȻϬǷʵı仯ǿСǿһ
ۣ
Դһֱӱıˡ
ˮӰûֱͣӳǸշڿˮշеıٴ̧𣬵һˮѾٸʱֱһתƴͬʱһɽǰСֻסԼ
ˣ
շʧˣֻǸһĶ˾ɽϣΪľɽûлһĿӣ⻹ˮޱȵģⶫĹôֲ⻹ǵһοھɽϴôĺۼ
ɱ˺٣ˣռҲġһŭˮ
겻겻֪֪ˡˮֱӳԷֲ飬ЩɱԼѾڷ˳ǿĴڣôҫ񣬸ɱ
һѻֳ˸ɾǸһĶͷŮ˻վ
ȥɡˮЦЦ
ô˵㣬̫嶯ˣϼ岻ֻڷ˳ǿʵڱĵطǺֲܿģˣԼСĵ㡣Ů̾ҡҡͷתˡ
ˮû뵽Ů˵ͦԼģ˦˦ͷǸ뿪ԺƾͲټˡ
صׯ԰ˮص䣬ͽɾˡ
վɾºϼ壬֮ǰǸ˲ǺռұˣҲûмʶռҴеĿֲһǵ˺ռң˭˭ռҾԲԼưոݵġ
Ҳģ˾ԣҲʲôӣǺռҲǺܾ壬׼á
ȥһׯ԰Χ˫ŹȻٴλصɾ
óһϵ׵񶦡
Ȼˣֱɽ
һɽˮУ糤ĹСȴˣһɽӵĿ֮

ˮ֮߶𣬽ɽ񶦰


2459 ؼ
ʱ䲻ã糤ɽһ貵ĹΣһ˲·еǳ£貶Ŀȴǲۣâ˴Űյʱ䣬ڼˮоɽڲϵӡ
âɢȥ糤ɽôСȻСֻ̬ҪԪͿԣԽСԽϬΪСƻСֲԷڻը
Сû䣬΢΢ʵһЩҲӹˣǿѹ֮ǰֲ˺ܶࡣ
ͨһˮЦˣ˺ܶ࣬ҪǹϣѾǵؼ֮ǰһһز
ǽɽ
ؼƷпֲٶ̴
ʮ˼
üгԱܵ˺ɣս
ٷֶʮ˵Ļָٶȣ56й56з56Ķ˺ٶܵ56˺ټܵ˺ٷ֮ʮˡ
ӡǶʯ
Ӱٷ֮ʮӰٷ֮ʮӰٷ֮ʮָӰٷ֮ʮӰٷ֮ʮٶӰٷ֮ʮӰٷ֮ʮӰٷ֮ʮ
һЩı䣬ڸԼΧ˺϶˰ٷ֮ʮǶһ𣬻һֲٶʹ̴ǿû˵ֻԼˡ
ˮǺܿĵģؼԲС
ˮԣһɽУȻǰʩչɽһӰˮڵоˮرԾ
ÿٶȣƾٶȺϬԿɱһ֮䡣
ݣ
ͨȻܿˮ͸оɽĹȻԼķ
Ƕ٣ˮ֮ǰɽǿͷǰҲ޼᲻ݣȴǸ˺ͷͬȵĹˮļһѣķֲģܿˮ͸оˣԼֲģƻḽΪɽϱǿֲĹٶȺʹ͸
һǴ͸ˮóɽ͸ǿǿԣˮԥһ£ʲôˣǸ˶Ǻ۵ġ
ɽӺʵ𻵣ɽҿԼ޸Ǵӣͻָԭ
ҧҧˮǾһ¡
߸
̶ˮɽȫû˾ɽҲд羢ڵľɽҲҲһߺ񣬵һߺȴǱɽ˲֮һ
ҪǴ̵˻ޣǸ̴˭оɽֲ
ˮڼˣ̫ˡ
عˮ뵽˽ӺշõľһıϽһЦˡ

ֲ֮ǰʱоһ˿ȣͨһˣ⻹ǸǿıžһʯıԴֻ̫С̫𣬲ҲޱȵĿֲˣ̫ھɽϴһĺۼѰ
շɵûˮûԼá
ˮóǿ׵ʱˮԥֻ֪ãʵѾ˻ѪͳԺѪǿߵһֲ硣
ʣµڤͽհ׻޻档
ˮǾᣬǿֲĶޣܽһôԸֲհ׻ǷŶһ£ֻܺ׻һ£ڤ
ڤǻһ㵽ڣ˷Ѫͳһ˵׼ĻǰͼڷˣǲܴﵽӦҲܴﵽĲΰɡ
ΪˮĴϹŴУǾԵķˣһˮһǿޣʥĵزˮûм
ˮڤﳢһ¡
׵ڤð𣬾޴Ӱڲϵı仯ʱʱСˮϰ߽ڤʵѾ˱磬Ǳˡ
ٴαˣٴγ˻ɫ
棡
Ƿ豹棬ˮܼһĻΪˣķȸҲлˣЩţĴѪˡ

߿ö˰ѹ֮Ҳơ
ʱʱ䣬ɢȥһֻʮҵĻɫĴˮǰڵĻɫɢֲĻ֮Ӣ䣬ҫ
ǻ޴ʱҲǲĺˡ
ڵĻޡɲѰޣѪлѪɶڵڤɵǼɵǷѪ
ˮ嶼΢΢ķˣһ˿ἤǿˣ飬ʱеļȻ޷ݵġ


2460 ǿĻˣͻ
ëһشȼյĻ棬صһԹ˵ĸоķ֮߿ȴǲ̶ȴžԵ塣
ͨ
ˣȸѪٷʮ
ȸѪȸıԴܵİٷֶʮ˺ٷʮĹٷʮܵһиӰ죬ٷʮеĵֿ屶ĺ˺ĻָٷʮķԣٷʮٶȺܣȸѪһʿͻƣͻƺȸѪõӡ
ڤ죬սģõʵʹκս͹Ķٰٷְʮ
߼У˵ǿٶ߰ٱļٰٱ
֮𣺷ǿĻ湥֮ԷһУпµƻ
죺ս湥ӣܵܵ˺һ룬ģ
ܵ˺ʱɵļԡɹһɱ䣬ʵһ
֮֮ǿľѹƣѹʵһɣĿʧȥսѹƲǾԵġģս
˵ʵﵽ˲1000000ڶյˮӳѾ4000000
ˮ̾ȸѪǿ󣬸ոս׳ΪˣһǰٷʮѪôֲʵˮʵǿľڤˣޱȵĻһֱûƽ
ֲʵһԼ˿ֲɽ˼ֻһսޣжȼӳ֣ھڷ˳Ƕ˭Ҳᵣˡ
õˮûҩҪҽԼҽ˫ҩɾкܶöת𵤣𵤣ߵʵҲͻͽҲˮ˴Ǯԭ
ˮǸоеˮһҲͶʮˣʵѾֲܿˣڵĺϼĶԿˮﻹûеͣڸշ˾޴仯ˮı
ˮһɾݸоԺ첨˼һϽȥˮ˿ͻơ
ˮ΢΢ȣʮ磬ӦѹƲסˣҲͻˣʮҲѰرʮһͻƵҲһԾ
еıƮƮ㷢Ө͸ʥĹΣʱĿƽϲޱһ߸ϵŮɢˡ
ʮϵתһһһˮľ飬ǸתһϵתһĶ͵İ׹⣬͡
ʮϵʧ֣ƺһεĲϵķƵ˫ֲͣĴӡʱէ֣ʱ绮ա
ȻˮܽٵлЩģԽ𲽸ͻʱΣվԽߡ
˫ĽѾ΢΢ף沼ϸܵĺ飬ڼ֡
ԼʮӣѾʧ˺ܶΣھͲôһˣо
ž
һ𣬰һҫ۵İ׹֣ͬʱһɿֲӱӡ
ͻˣ
񾳣
ûüˣգˣΣյģΪ֮ǰͻʧܿ´ͻƣͻ֮ͻ٣󲿷˶ڽϵģԽǵԽԶȹɽ֮˶׼ܶ౦еǽҲҪ׼
ʺãԼɽҲĳɵϣĳʵѾСˣһЩٴ٣ʵڲлˮ׼ǿıܽٵˣ϶ƽɹȥ
Щ֪ˮбܽٵƲκδҲҪһ㣬ǾԵĺö
һֱʹ˱ܽٵһЩ׵̫ǿˣҲûǸҪȥϾˡ
һ㡣
ݹıĵıסˣȻֱסˮܿ챱󿴿ȥϴ裡
ǿĵһ죬ߵ˴󲿷ֶˣĹЧˮĵҩͱܽٵܶ˶½ѹʵʵѹƲסͻƣȻܴĿ
оʵչȣˮ£й̱ԪˮһЩĹȭȻǶԵսãԴɷ̫ˡ
Ҳˮߵ˿ͻͽԭ
ˣһȣˮĸˮǰս֮Ķ˴ս˲٣ƽʱһЩҲһЩ籦֮ࡣ
ڶ˺ܶˣˮЦˣ֪ĻҪͦġ
治ˣˮ棬ȻпֱӾͳׯ԰ˡ
ʲôˣҵʲôˮ󣬵ƷԲ֮ڶ
ɱ˺ռҵĺշүɱ˳˽е
ɱ˳˵úãҴгǿеĺշүȻҹݻ˺ôһƬׯ԰˲ˣɱ˳ɣ˼ףȻǿеĺշүûˣûأʲôˮſھʲһصĳȡ



2461 ˾Ų߲Ź
ˮĻö˺ߣΪ׵һˣüĿ֮ͺշмƣʱˮ˫ŭգһֻһ
Сӣ֪ں˭˵𣿡䡣
ܳ治֪ˣҸղĻ㻹û˵ʲôˮ΢Ц˵
ɱ˺ռҵû˿Ծ㣬һ֪˶ô޴һ¡˵ˮһһ
ĲأһĹɣĲǰһǿҵѹһһıǰ棬ĲǰûǰһͻԵĸоʵһء
˲
Ƿ˲˳ǺռҵĶҾѧһֲֿĴҲǺռҿڷ˳ǳΪްԵ̡
ǺһǺռҵһмһǿ֮һںռҲźպ˾
ǺһʮǰΪһŮһţҪи˿Ϊһ޸һֺŮ˵
㣬ҲԼϹˡһݺһЦ
ߣĺҲſϣһѹˣСܸʲôŮ˱ĵĿݺ˵
㶮ʲôоɡݺͷ˵
ɣҿҲöþ;ˡŮ˱ĵɨһۡ

˵ʵǿˮִ˷˳񾳵ǿ߲٣ÿһ֮ʵ޴󣬶˵ʵӦ㣬ʵԿֲޱˡ
Ϸ˲ˮʱǲòԴˮЩƵģҲţֱһִ

һһɫľźһȥצɱȥ
ž
ˮһҪΪ˴ķ˲
˾Ųֻǲ֪һ԰ѷ˾ŲʩչʲôΡ
һ˲Ľֱһһ˫ӷһĹâһ޴Ӱ
ҺռǷ˳ǵףվھ˵ļϵģԡһӰٴγˮ
񱩵Ϣ糱ˮһѸٵĽУˮоԼ·һʱһһȭ
ҺռҵսǷս򵥵ʽҲЧģٶȣҲǻΪĹ
ԣ
񱩵ˮ嶼ϵĺˡ
ֵӰǷ˲ʩչ£ǰ˲ʩչϱ㣬⹥Ǻֲܿġ
̫
ˮʹõڵ̫һε飬ˮ̫ϵһֲежõĺܺãɽԺ˵ĺͶԷ⡣
һֲܿǷ˴еص㣬һжΪٶȷΪٶȿֲԭҲǺǿ󣬲ȻܲסԼٶȺ
ͻ
ԣ
һĽѸٵƶϵʵֱӷ·Ҫٵһ
սǣ
ˮзĴţҲѸٵĳһ
һˮӻܵԹѧģ죬ֻһؼ汸ҪǹԵ̵һʩչһҪǿ壬ȻбΣա
䣡
ˮˣһѪΧܰǲţ˾ȻѺһѪˣһǾԵںռҲǺеλģһм
˭ʲôȻôֲ֣ʲôĵôɫĺ󱲡
ã쵹ˣСˣ
һӰһֱʧˣֻǸֲľȻӰһľˣڱʵһСɽһǿ׳񱩣ɢ׺Ϣ
ԣ
޴ĸ첲һɽȥ
ˮûӲׯ԰⣬սʱˮ֮߳⣬ǰһĴ·һֱӰʯҳһ޴Ŀӣ̹ɳʯ졣
ˮҡҡͷԷޱǿᣬˮǿĴˣǷ˴С
һ
䡭
ˮĲˣĲǸˮ룬ˮķǾԵĿֱֲ˸ʹĶһУһһԵϵĺǸײ
ذ޹⣬񱩵Ϣյƶ䣬һ㡣
ԣ
һˮ˿ˣʱĺһЦſˮ治ҼֲһҲýˡ
޴ӰֱһԾ²Ĳ
˾Ų
ˮɫ֣أӰҲ̤ϣֱӿ˶Էһ֮
һ
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ˮźһ޴Ӷϡ
˾Ųһֲ߲ܿˡ
߲
˿ֲĺһҪˮǿһ
߲Ź
ˮ߲̤¡
һ·һһ޴ǿֲһ޴һһй


2462 ɱһռ
䣡
ˮһŷ·ֱ̤˺һĿһֱӽӿ̤ȥٴһ˿ѪҺ
һ֮ǰϾҲǽԼʵ˼ˣһҲǼǿˮһǿ󣬵ҲǴ˶ԷƲǺأֻ˶Էķ˾Ų
䣡
ˮӰֱӳȥٴȻһ̤
βţ
ΣˮõǰᣬϵеһȣرˮʩչǺһһЩⲿλ
ˣ
һȻθߣΪһ޴ĽɫȻƽɣֲϢɽ£Χƽɫһ

һ췢һ޺һֻһ񱩵Ϣʢ֣мɭȻˣһˮȥ
һĽһһɫ޴һĽɫ̫ˮ
ˮǸǷ˴Уз˿ǿ̶ȵģֲÿڷ˳ǴƾãΪ˳ǵףֱվϵķˡ


ˮϵ֣ʱԼʵתʩչȭƲãõĸɽţһһ⡣
һʵˮоԼʵƺѵס
Ҳˣˮ֪ӺһϺեȡʲôˣ߲եȡΪĥԼܵõ˴о͸ˣ˴ǿѹƣѹơ
תƣ
ˮҲپڵĶתƺˣˮڵķͻƵĲ񾳺ﵽ2600000
ĺһ˵״̬ʵӦñˮķǾҪһЩ
ֲȫӷĹյӾһ۾ܵв弫
ž
޴ı𣬺һ屻ɣ޴Ľ˱֧飬СɽˮĶתȴ罭ӵҡ
䣡
˰һƬԶһСɽƽˣǷطҪɽˮԾԽǷĵطԽǿԼɽһ㶼ǲ󣬶Ҷǳеλ˲
һٳ࣬ˮһ̫ˣ϶ˣһһ಻㹻ǿΪֲ֮壬ˮĹȫӷôһںһʲôҲ㡣
½ӷܶ࣬һɾͺܲˣֻҲںһôҲ벻ˮĹȻȫӷ
һһĶûпռô񱩵ûлٵѾȷǿռֱ
һһʣµȴ˵һһǰǿһˣǿǺռһм
һʱܰ˸оޱȵĹ졣
߰ɣҲɱôˡˮӻֱϡ
ţռҲô˵ġɫ˵
˵һͲˡˮ˹ȥ
Ǹ˹ϵı졣
һκһҲùģһβûռҲûаˮһ˷շǺһֶӣʵĶӣȻ֪˺٣һκһܷŭǰȴû뵽˺շĺҲˡ
ʣµˣˮߵģһκһԻúռٴǰ´ֲһҲӺռڷ˳ǰλӾͻᶯҡ
ˮͷ˶ſڣЦЦкҶȥǺܵģԼҲ˭󣬺ο󷨣ˮԼﷲ˳ǻû˭ܹׯ԰
ʯǿѾЩˡ
ϼвٵϼһʵֲܿһκһˣһвٵϼһŵˮ˵
û£ҪģǲܰôأסǴġˮЦ
ˮһǶ֪ģҲûлɣǶˮ񶼿˵һäĿš
ˮҲæȻ뵽˺һĿռһ˳ǰõٵĿռڵľ粻ͬԺܶ඼ɨһۻûܶණڱ˿ˮ￴ʲô
һεĺһͬˮĿռƷеĶЩڴġ
ЩõĶ
ˮһۿһЩҩݣһЩҩƿЩе¼֮࣬һЩĿʯ֮࣬ܶ࣬ڵȴǺ룬ռĿռ仹С
սؼˮȵĿٵƤ鼮һ
ֱ˳
ȭȭƣ
ˮɨһֱӵһߣȻñģս٣ܵ˵ȴ벻ۣٴóһۿ־סˡ
˾Ų
һɫҳɫƤģʮ㣬ɢһɵɼҳĲʺܲ͡


2463 ѧ˲ռ
ˮ˾Ųˣʵ뷨û뵽ĿԵõ˾ŲҿӦûԭôô˵һںռҵĵλԲ򵥣Ӧøӡ
ˮûżȥǿŽһЩսؼ
ţһ
ˮĵЦˣһɫҳֻ֡
ƽˣ
ˮһ֪ˣ֮ǰһʩչǸɫˣӦþǷ˴еҪ似˰ɣôںһһԭ
˺ܾûףˮɴ಻ˣֱ˾ŲһˮȫȥǾԵ񼼣̫Եˣ˿ս춷أ÷ʵǵֲĹ֮һݷ˾ŲӦҲǰġ
ˮ֪ڱĵطûз˴УоǸ߳ȥķĶӦòΨһġ
ʱһĹȥˮһֱ˾Ų˾Ų;Ųÿһ̤ʵͻɣԭϾŲıʵ
˾Ų˵ܰѷ˾Ų߾绹ֹˡ
ʱ򲽷ܷҪÿ̤һľͻɣӵʵһģԽǿӵԽ󣬳ʱԽ˾Ųһصǲ߼ʵӶ٣ֻܷһιһιҪߣԪرĿ졣
һ
ˮڵľ磬֮ͨǰսʱҲѡ
ɾṩ˳ʱ䣬ɾʱѾ߳ˡ
ɾˮֱӰѷ˾Ų˺ܶݣû˷һݣⶫ̫ˡ
ķ˾Ų˶ˣ˺ռҶһԵõĶھȻˣǼĿˮô¡
Ǻһռеģռ֪һһǰֻⷲ˾ŲģǺռĸسȻڵз˾ŲǺռҲԼ˥ˡˮЦЦ
ĪҪѷ˾ŲȫȥŵĿˮ
Ǻͺϼûʲôڣڵɱ˺һͺշںռ˵˾ŲһշҪĶ࣬ǻ̸̸ġˮ˵
Ǻƽʵ
һԥˮҡҡͷ
ռҾǴӦ̸Ƿ˾Ų֮һǸϾɱ˾Ųȥƻ᲻ϧǡ賿ʱü˵
Ϊ˱˵İȫͲȥˣⷲ˾ŲܻǣǹһǲݣӦ˼ɡˮЦ˵
ٺ٣żɣͲǣռҲʲôˡϪЦЦ
Ǿɣ빥ûпܣʱ䣬Ŭˮ˴һЩ鵤Чӱĵҩ
Ȼʱ˲ˣһ˸࣬ҶǺռҪΪ׵ʮˣһ̫ˣϵռҴе⣬ֱӽˮڵׯ԰Χ˺ˮйͨ
λ棬Χ󷨣ҪҪ֪ͨǳ̸̸һ˹żλ˵
ȸҰˣǵɫ̸Ҳ˳һЩһϵ˳˵
˴طͨɢһֱϢ˫Įгһɱζһ۾ͻһֲӣ顣
ǣ棡
󣡡˻֡
һЩʦ˳ʼΧתƣǵ̽̽һͻᱻȥǿϢԿûһЩʦͱֱֱ۹ۿѪ
ûõĶ˷ŭĺȵ
Էһģû뵽ЩƽʱӻżԴʦȻ˷ԽԽֱӻһһʦȥ
أ
ֱӻѪ꣬˵ĲֶʣµʦϵķҴ亹ʪ͸·
治ҪҴӲƿСĵ˵
һȥԡѵºһЩ
ǺһںռʵܲͺһһˣλһļͺһһǺеλġ
ʮˣվţȻһ̤㣬սеķλأȻʼ̤ϡ
˲
һվǰ棬˸Ĳһ̤һɿ񱩵ۣ֮תγһѭԪһ
ڶ
Щ˶Ǻռҵм˾ŲѾ߲
Ĳ岽
⼸ʮΧѾγһƲһ˵ƺģˡ

߲
ŵ߲̤񱩵ͨһ׶һֱӺȻȥ
һƥĲһѾ޽һСһ󷨴ȥ
ƣ
һһ񱩵ĹЮ֮ƺݺݵײϡ
ԣ
һֲľ죬ըĲƣͿʮ˱õɳȥ˶ˣмˣǰĺһˣƺء


2464 գƵ
Ϊ׵ЩϼһﶼˣһûƵ󻹱ˣ֮ǰϼһ￴һһ˵Ƹо׾ٵģǹЩϼһﶼǵסġ
ϵķ˾ŲҲƳǡ߹ûжɥʧжرЧҪʱ䳤ԺǿսлϺʹ÷˾Ų
һǵһķʽˣʦЧܶʱʦ޷ǿ˾ŲһʹƵ
úռҺԺ˴ģܣռڷ˳Ǵƾãǿŷ˴С
ʱˮѾ˳ˣȻ֪ʲô΢Ц˵˭ƻҵ
ЦݣɱӣһʱΧ֮ܰǰܶ˲ڶ֪󷨣ܰڳֲ󷨣ܼ𣬵԰ڼﵽ
ˣɱҺռҵˡϵ˿ˮڣƽ
Ҳ֪ʲôˣһЩɱңѧղʧɱˡˮƺ˵
ˮ̬úԻ޲ֱһ֪Ҫ׷ط˾Ųͻƽˣȥ
ǽûж⣬̸һ̸ΣŬԼŵ̬
Ǻǣûж⣬ôûж⣬ûжƻҵʲôˮһڣһҲӡ
㡭ԺλʲôʱôԴԼ̣û˷˾Ųͻƽ֮ʰܡ
ˣǻȥɣҪңȻҾͲˡˮת׼뿪
СֵܣгģǺռҵģǺԣˣûǵĶ˵
˼ûжˮ̯̯֡
治㽻ˣǶҺռҵģҺռҺãǿö㻻׹ǵĵҩѡǱ֤㽻Ϊ㣬ȻҺռҲҪƴ͡յ˵ǰѿŵˡ
ˮЦˡûУҲҪҪҩû˵ĶѲҸ㻻ɣ
ˣҶףջȥЩ˶ǸռԶˮ˫˵
Ŷ˵ǸֻǿĸܺÿøˣҶˣҪСֵġˮͷܾ˵
Ѫĳ嶯ŬԼƽ֪СӲôˮǴܸоСӺܽթûа취
ҸÿСԶˮһ˫ƯܹصĴҲǸ߿һĲֵͨĽǮ
ˮӹЦˣ϶ǺͿˣԼ˵ǸÿСҪˣȻǸÿľҪԼԼֻ˵˵
ž
ˮһֽ˫ÿĴ˸飺Ҳˣ֮ǰǸӱһֻˣˡ
ˣ΢΢Ȼƽ˭ĺܲƽ˭֪ˮˣǣһʼֻϣˣҸ̶ҲûбҪˡ
˵һ飬ǲ˵
ˣȥ˯һᣬ㣡ˮֱŤͷˡ
һ°Ѻð̣һǶɢˣĿˮӰʧ
󣬸ҰˣϧһдۣҪˡԴĺ
һߵļˣһóһŻһĶɫʥʱߵߣ磬Ҫ𣿡
˲ôˣһҪ󣬷˴вɶʧҧҧ˵
Ǹ˵ͷŻߣһߣʥϢһ⻭Ʈ棬һѩ׵Ĺ£ۿɼ󷨿ʼ߽⡣
ˮſеĻ󾪣ⶫ棬ʲôȻ԰ԼɵԶһֱӰ󷨳ȥ
û˾ûˣˮк׼á
һʱ󷨱ƵˣеĻҲʧˡ
ˣڲ֪㽻ǸڵָһЩԵ
˵ˣ˭ٻҵһ˭ȻûаҵĻϡˮĿź˳
еˣҪ̤練ơԲȷ˾ŲͻƽǲϣɱЩһҲ˾Ųͻƽ˵ĻԺԲھͶ֡
Ҳҿʲô£ŶˣȴǲôûȤҺռңŮǮٻУλ綼ˣҲʲôżڸͿˡ΢Ц˵
ֿʼˡ
ôɺռҵҺռǷ˳ǵףõأһ졣ǿһºռҵĵλ



2465 ˮĺռ
ˮʲôëͷСӣһ˫۾Ҳܿɱ⣬ֻڿƿԼ賿˵Լһ˶Է˾Ųͻƽ֮ϼһһ᲻ϧһд۳Լˡ
ŵʵԺܶˣԷ˳ǵһջ󣬶ԴҲûҲǺĳŵʸ
ϧûм˭뷨˵һ飬û˵ʲôҲ׷ƻ󷨵ˣ߰ɡˮڰָоԼװβǡ
Ȼˣûʲô̸ģҪĺˡɫޱȵ
棬ɱţɱɡһ˳
죬㲻ɴ⣬ȥɣ˵
ǺռһĵһţǺշҲϲϵģʵѾԽ˺һǺշһģһȻһЩҲõˮһҪࡣ
ͦΣòӢһһ۾дһ˿ζǷ˳ǺܶŮ˵ˡ
죬ˮףΪʲô˾Ųͻƽϡ
ְɣȻûлֵġ΢Цſˮŵ˵
ȷҪȳ֣ˮǰ
ȷŵ˵
ˮٶԷʱѾԼʵת۷ˣֱӾһ֮˳ȥ
֮һΧģһֱö˵ʵ½ɡ
΢΢üչ̤һֱӾǷ˾Ų
ķ˾Ųܿ죬ͺһĺܲͨ»ɬˮһ̫޴˹ȥ
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Ҳǳ֣׼ȷĺˮײһ

ûбˮϣٴ̤һ̤˷˲ĵڶ
ˮԷһһΣһ𣬶Էǿŵڶһ֣Ƿ˾ŲĿֲÿһ̤ͻʵӲ٣ͻǿ
˾ŲֻҪûбϣھ֮ÿһһγֻʧﵽ߲ľʱôһһֱ߲һγֻᣬ߲֮ǰһεʱ򲻻ʧһֱ߲һΣô֮ǰߵļȫʧˡ
һһҲʧҪߡ
ڶһԷ˲ûʧٴ̤һ

ϵٴαˮһȥ
ƣֻ졣
Ҳֻ죡
һƿ񱩰Եǿƣú˿Ʈݺһ˵ķɱҲ˿á
Ӹӡ
ˮ˫ֽӡһ޴Ľ˺ϡ
ڵޱȵǿһʵӸӡǹǿһûʲô˺ԼԷ˺ԷȴǸо
أ
ˮһֱҳȥԶǿɽ⣬ټϻ֮ͷӸӡȻɳȥûʲô˺
Ĳ
һӰпһ嵽ˮٴδ
ǿ˲ôãڷ˲źõıһھϸ˺ܶܶࡣ
ͻȻˮ뵽ԼҲѧ˷˲ȻʹڼȻҲͲÿˡ
˲
ˮѧϰǿӰѸٵ̤
ˮĲͬôмòΣǰǰһֱȻںϣΪ˾ʱڿ̤
ˮ軹ǺܸߵģرǾ磬ǰҲ׵ģɾµʱˡ
ˮʩչķ˲ֻʣһζڷ˲رߵ˿ԿǻǷ˲
꣬ˮʵõ޴֪ú꣬󣬳䲻ֱ֮һתơ
ԣ
һһĹ貵Ĺΰѿе̫ѹȥߵĲĺȻʵѾܲˣˮҲڷرĿֲ
ȫӷĶתֱӽĿѪɳȥѪһ
һʵ̫Եˡ
ˮҲʱ뵽ڿսʱģû뵽ֵôԵöתƵһֲ࣬
˲ǰԵ˲߳ħĽࡣ
ˮӰٴһ˲߳Űеĺȥ
һ
Ѿ˺ˣж˷˲ˮһɱĽࡣ
Сң۾ˣǺռҵδͲ˲䷲˲߳Ȼһֻˮ
䣡
챻ʧˣĲˣˮϽһӰصԭء
ף
죬ˮķ˲ʧʵ䣬ʱ񱩵ĺһˮϣȻɱĽࡣ
ˮϳ亹ԸԼķ֮ǰΪԿԴɱĽ࣬ڿԼˣ˲ӳѾúԿɱԼˡ


2466 ռķ֮
˲ͿɱԼˣˮϵĺˮⷲ˲Ȼֲˡ
ռɲֻǷϾһǷ߲磬ôҲǷ˰˲˲״̬ʩչֻ죬ˮţÿһεֵĻѾʹˡ
Կֲһ֮Ҳһ㶣ˮ뵽֮ǰĽ˵бﻤҵҪǱֵܵΡ
˵ٴ̤һΣ
߲
һ˵ʱ䳤ֻǷ˲䣬֮ǰ֮ǰֻǴһһֱǷ߲һ˲䣬˵Ʊú
߲Ǹٽ磬߲һǺֲܿģοǺռʩչ
ٽһԣ
ˮʶһɽʩչ赲ǰԼˡ
ԣ
񱩵ֱӰѾɽˡ
Ӹӡ
˲˲
һˮš𣬷˲ʵάһʱ䣬ʱıϾܸߣԻûôһֱţûм˺ĵ
ȥɣһ
˲
˲ķ˲ȻֻˮǱɱһһ
ˮ˫ȻͨʩչȫϢת£̫ʩչ
Ʊգ
ˮһӰӣߴޱȣƻ˳أ·ɽһ˻ĺˡ
䣡
ϼľǷ˰˲ôһ뷲˾Ų˾ŲľҪԵģôһϼ汻ܾھŲꡣ
ʱˮʶ׼ʹԼɱﵣһǿҵĸоһҪºԵʵָоԼҪ
ˮ·һɽײһѪɳȥ
ˣ
ˣλˮ˵رأսûôɥʧ
֮Ȫ
ˮֱϵһڣݳһᡭ
ˮŮˮһѪҪˮȥ
Ҫû£ˮֹŮ
ˣҲò˵ǸţȻѾ˷˲Ҿ粻۽ܸߣһҪѧҺռҵķ˲΢΢ҡͷƺϧ
ΪɱңˮЦˡ
ʶĻѶҺռңҿһ·ȻȫӰٴ̤˲
ɱңȴɱ㡣ˮһ̤ǿȻ緢ʮ󶴸֣Ӳһߣ·һ޴Ľɫ̣ɢ̫һĹΡ
һϧ㻹ûгɳ˵һ飬ҿһȵ
ʱΧѾۼ˺ܶˣţݲׯҽݵȣʱһսļޱȡ
̫ˣôͿԱƵúռʩչ˾Ų
ҲǾԵˣţϧɱ
ҪҾôͺˣԿȥǾŵı
ˣҪˣҪܾ˵׼š
ˣڷ˳ǣԿԺ˸ˡ

ʵԵʵˮ̫ˣر̤˲ˮֱһɱˮڷ̫Ʊյ¶Ѫɱûɽûл֮ûзӸӡûӵķȣԵĹܽӵ¡
úԿһڷ˳Ǻ٣úԿһܺõĸǷëǣúԿһŵΪֹһһǰھҲһ
ˮܱԳΪⲻǳԽźܶ౶
Χ˿ˮоޱȵĹ죬ԵһˮԶĿڷ˳ǵʷˡ
ֲôֲʮߣȫǽɫ
㿴ʮӵģҵʮô󡭡
ˣһĴڣ𰡣ʶĴڰǿϧˡһҡͷϧޱȡ

ˮĻҲǴʢԳֻޡ
ˮüͷϼ滹ǽԸԼôСġ

ˮڤ֣֣֣ܣлܺޡ
ʣµˮûгǻᱻɱġ
˲佫ӳȥ
˵ʵĲɱ㣬Ҫҵĺ󱲣ζЦѣҪҵĺҶĸԸԴʱޱȵĸӣҪɱɱԺռ練ơ
߲˲
ˮӡٴηͨƱգ
ɽ
ڽӴ˲䣬ɽѤĹһߵĺ
澲ֹˣˮٴοһѪӰȥغڣѪ·ҪǮһ˳ȥ
ˮ˫Ƕźԣ͸ʺǱģܸоиطԣ֪ܿﲻԡ
֮ڣ
ǿԺڵġ


2467 һߣɱﵾ
ǿԺڵģһȦλ𣬺ԵӰǵѪǷɽѪԾĵطѪҺʧȻصʼ̵ĵطѾָ
Ǻռҵֲķ֮ڣϧˣҪŷ֮Ǹ˾ʤˡ
ǲ˼飬Ȼ̶ܴȣ̫ˣЩڵŵӶӦֻǿ
֮ǰǸϵĽҲǾģҲкöһºԹҲѹˡ

Ȼָˣɫ԰ףķ֮һʹûǰþûʹùˣû뵽Ȼһ˱ƵϣܽԷԼҲˣνɱˡ

Ծֻһˮ
֮׷Ӹӡ
ݹ
ͨ
֣
˲һӴֻǿޱ޵Դɱ˶ԷһǿޣѪǿʵѾǰԱȵġ
ʱԷʣµǿ޳˹

ֱӵסֻˮɱһʱֻȴˮɱ
ʱûж֮ǰˮһɱʵֲ̫ˣڻе㲻š
ɽ
ˮѾ¶ɽȻģֱʹã˲ϲ
ɽˮķҲĪĹϵҪ
޷סˮֻ޵·ֻ޲óٶȣҲˮѡޣ޲ûйɽѾֻ޵ĺ񱩵ֱӰޱȴִĲˡ
糤Сȴޱȣ֮񱩵ֱӰΧ鱬ѡ
һֻ
ʱһƵĺֻ޹ֱˡ
ˮֱ˻ڤﲻϵŷ߽֮һƬֲϵ˿Ŀꡣ
֮սżҲǿֵһֻںޣһʱݲˣʤ̫ˡ
ҲֻлһռϷ磬ֻ޻Ǻǿޡ
ɽ
ˮٴɱһֻѾʼζ֧Ԯˡ
һֱˮ֣ԼİսҲ֣뿴ˮĳֺٶȣǰС
ֻ
ˮɱֻ˫޻Ѿһƽ״̬ȻԼ֣ôˮʱֱӰѺԵȫնɱ
꣡
һͻأˮԵӰڱ󣬻⣬һʱͳһްԵĴڣϷ·һսһɢһ
ƽˡ
ʹ˻ƽֲսѾûʲôˣɱԷҪġ
˲
ԶˣްԵֱˮȥ̧ȾǷȻûйֱ̧Ⱦһˮһ͵
߲
ٵأ
޴ȭͷһС¥Ҫֱˮȥǹϵĳ֣񱩵ϢһֱǰһȭԽ˺ܶ˵ʶ
һǸһ
̫ˣһȭذƽɽԽԷˡ
ôӣǵ̰Ȼܾ޺̲̫ˡ
һҲȫԸˣû뵽ϼһ˲ʵ

ˮһɽٴγ֣źԵʺȥʱĺɽ糤ɽһ廨һ貵Ĺγ˹ȥ
ƽۣ
˫ֱֲӺԼĲ

һ죬ɽûޱȴ׳ĽУò˵ƽǿ󣬾ȻסˣȻ㴩͸ۡ
üͷСĽֲ̫ˣԼӲĽ۶㴩͸ҽҲᣬԼĽ۹ǿûд󰭣ǱĵطƾͲˣǲӣһ¾͹Լһ
ˮüͷڵɽĴ͸ǺֲܿģٶˣһɽٴιһٴαԵסһ첲סһ첲ֱӴ˹
ٵأ
ˮɽٴδ˺ԵֱУ񱩵һˮٴѪ磬ɫ԰ס
ҧֱ۵Ĳʣ֮ǰֱѾһ£һμǰŴ̵ģͰֱ۴̴ˣʹޱȣ۵ۣ嶼һ
˲
ʱԾˮʲôͽˣʱˮҡҡλվ
״̬ˮǵסģסƽ״̬µһ
ˮҧٴʹɽ
ԿǰСЦˣһиһҪˣʱˮиһ궯ɽԷֱ۵˲䣬йԽҲˡ
ʱԿ񱩵һѾˡ
ˮҧܵв
أ
һˮһɴŷ˳ȥǰǾ޴Ĵ񣬴ʱѾһϢѪȪˮһӿģ·ȼյĻ档


2468 ռ
ʱڤﵲˮǰס˺Կ񱩵һڵڤʵǿ󣬵ǽܲס˰˲ƽ˵һڤҲ㹻ǿ󣬱м˺ɽļȣǱ֧顣
ˮɽλǰδ̵λãһҲȫһֲĴ͸͸ֱۣ֮ǰֱѾɽͨһ뻹ࡣ
̽˺
ʱĺԴСɽһɽ˺Եĺ㣬Ȼס˴ֻɽҪ˺Ե
ʱйԽ˳ɽп˿ֱӽǴС
ˮĴ㣬һ˳УֱӴӺԵϽ룬ˮûгԣƽ˺ǼӲԴﵽޱȿֲľ磬йԽϽȥǿɾЦˡ
ˮֱѡɽ·ɽɱãܣôֻҪƸӾˣʣµȻпйԽ
һֻǷ˲䣬һˮûٴγˮ˲ٴ˷׼ˮһ¡
ʱһۣȥӶһģΪǴ֮ǰǸʹ糱ˮһĽûӴӺȻ
ˮûȥԣǿȼյڤ
ˣ
ɲðѪ֪ʲôʱʼȼһĹðܴˮ忹ֲûиоʲô˶ǳܲס
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뵽ʱɾ˾޴ͩľͬʱһֻʱԼǿޣҲԼǿޣֻǲǰŽġ
ˮûڤˮﲻޣԼֵܣÿ춼ɾʱߵ˻Ҫá
뵽Ϊˣˣһֱ֮ǰ»صһӣֻ˺ܶ࡭
ţôʱ䣬ôԽշԽˡ
ǰԣôһɿֲϢ˾
ˮ۾һＤޱȣ뵽һ
ˮһֱֻ֪ɵϣûڤﾭһ죬ɵļʲǺܴ󣬵ˮֻܰϣˡ
ڵĻ
˭ҲܵĲͬˮҲܿ϶ˣˣҪˡ

߿һˮر죬һԿð񳯰ݣһϵѹһֻȼյľ޴֮ӻһɳ죬гڿС
񣡡
Ҽ񡣡
ʧ񿥣ǿƣ㿴ǻʹڡ

ȻˮڤûøڿѪҪɢϢˮоļ¡
ܵ˺ʱɵļԡɹһɱ䣬ʵһ
еڤʱ֮սżսޣֱһƽֻ޸ǡ
ҺڵĻǲϨһֱ˰ӣΪ˻ҽŷһʧڿС
Եֲʲô𣬾Ȼ԰ʵյûκм֮
ǿˡ
ڤúܶʱ˺ˣͻȻˣǾ޴Ļƽ˵ҲһϾ˭Ҳ֪ˮʹʲôֶɱԵġ
ˣռˣ
˳Ҫˣ
˻ǣΧܶѾʼˣһЩжͬʱҲʲôǲǿԽύ˻᲻
ڤĲ룬սܿˣˮԹǵͨʱ򻹲ǺӲĻܵгɣˮֱӿԻһˮǿԻܣս˦ƽ˼֡
ɿֲֻܹˮʵ̫ͣԹǵõͨʵֱӹҹޣԳԽ˺ܶʵ
СɾĻʵǱȽϿֲˣϾԿǺԵޣԵ񾳱ˮԸߣһռϷһǺǿޣˮˡ
ڤҲȻǿ̫࣬ڤͻܻĻôֱˡ
ϧһܴЧģҪܾõʱ䣬ȻڤﻻʮôսһΡ
ˮĲ²⣬ˮڲô鷳ˣܽһο񾳵ܵʵܿͻչԶŻܵս
ɱ
ռһкܶˣʱ򿴵ˮˣͻȻð˷뷨žڤֲҲ˲ˣɱˮˣռҪ꣬һУƴһѡ
ˮһеȻҲţսһˮüŮгֻ֮սżħʨ
棬ޡ
սɱ¾ս񡭡
ʱˮûʲôսǿʼ󣬿ںܶ˶Ŀϣɱ󻼣з˳ǲʵҪˮ㣬ˮĴڶԺܶ˶в


2469 ռˣջķ
սʼˣˮֱóһƬȥȻƻָһЩս˺ܶ࣬вǿ߶׼ˮ֡
ͨǺռҳ˺֮ǿģںˣռһܴôͨȻǺռҵߴڡ
ͨͺֵܣԶиԵ֧֮ǰԵʵǾȫѹͨģ˵ԵԪͨҪ٣Բĺͨ춯ʲôֽš
ֻ˭Ҳû뵽ڷ˳˰ѺԸնġ
ڵĺͨе㼤Ҳɱˮˣһһ̤ȥʵԣһЩҪõˮ治Ҷڵˮˣصơ
Ǻôģھôɱˮ
ȥɣ
ͨӰͻȻﵽһ٣ͰԵһˮﵱͷ¡
ˮһֱע⣬ֻҪǺˣˮɿʣµӦÿмܣûбϿôء

ɽ
ˮһɽˮǰǡǡס˺ͨĹˮǶ㿪ˣ޺ڤںæѾ󷨣עط󷨡
ˮ͸ԷǺǿ
ɽ
ˮץסնɱһǿߣһ͵ϮߣҲ֪ǲǺռҵˡ
ˮûʹÿйԽϣƵʹãˮһɱﵡ
Ҳʾˡ
ԵĶҺö˳սһ»ս徻˲٣ɱ¾սʱĿֲҲֳˣɱ˲٣ֻڱһռ߸סˡ
߲
˵߲꣬ҲǲףбطȻˮڤѪͳ磬Ҳ֮һŷ˵İٷֶʮҵѪսǺܲġ
ͨһûдЧһ̤˲߲Ȼ˻һ˽ˮնȥ
ž
ˮӰֱӱһˡ
ͨһ㶣ŵĿţԼһǿˮںҲǲܣǸоʲôԾ
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ͻȻһɿ񱩵ӽавãͨѪɫֱӰѺͨĵ̲ϵϮźͨ塣
ѪľҲˮоֲһУǿƣڵĺͨҲһѡ
֮ǰͨ򱬵ܡ
ʱˮΣҲ֪ôͻȻ뵽ܾǰЩľżܣֻԼһֱоòϣ඼Ҫˣû뵽ʱȻóˡ
ֱӾһȥ˿ϵĲƣ潫Һϵ
ͨǿ߸мܲס
ͨˣûкͨ죬ֳĺռȻǿ߻ܶ࣬ȴмܲסܺڤο޺Լ޵ϡ
ɽս񡢽սɱ¾սŮսԼ賿Ҳǿʼٿս
ΧĺܶѾʧˣǺϼҲûˡ
ˮڵϣȴǺܿģû뵽ڷ˳ǰѺռҸˣһжΪշԼһЩСìܡ
ߣһԲϰεѪ岽ˣǻսһʧȥС
ˮ뵽˷˾ŲսƲǺƣⷲ˾Ųŵε񼼣¾ɱĽࡣ
󷨺ܲˮһȴǿһЩĶԺܿİƵʲôϹŴԶŴ˻߶Ƶ
ʵҪŬʵɣ
ˮ뵽˺ϼķ֮ԼʲôģһֱûҵЩвµ伮ʲôģ˵ˮ˾ŲͻƽʲôҲµ伮С
ţҲԭ
ˮֱӴȥһκռңôǿʵͻȻȻвٺöñպƣڷ˳û˭赲Լ
޺ܿͰѺռҵĺö˸⣬ƾõĴò˵öǶ̫࣬ˣҩҩġЩһЩ񼣿ʯϺһЩĲ֪ʲôȴֿĶҲ١
һת˸ˮ뿪ռңټһƬׯ԰ȻĵҲźռҵ
ƾ÷˳ǵͻȻ֮ˣǾݣ컹ޣ߾ͻʧʷĳ֮¡
صׯ԰ˮˣŮ²󷨡
õٵˮ׼Ұһ£ʵЩҩҩеĿֱʹãеҪƣ߷ھ۱ڵˮвٵ
ںռҵЩⶫˮǸ񵲵ģֱӷָ˹񱩵ˣЩһЩһҩˮҩõļʮǸǿ˺ֺܶܶ࣬ףͽҩ
ʮſ׹ǵĵҩˮоռǺõ̡
ǾԵ񵤣ֻҪһʱԴǳΪһ̲Ķܸȱ첲ȣµû˶ֱӳһµģҩǿ
֮⣬һõʹֵҩǿҩΪȹ̸ͻǰĴ󾳽硣


2470 ٱ䣬
̫ˣ͵ĶУиر죬һѷȣһףһ죬ѤԵĹâռҷһδ֪ĶУҪǿ󣬹ƺռ治ղأÿûʲôݺÿĶʵ̫ˡ
ˮͨ󼤶Цˡ
ȣ
˵еķƶɣʹõʱҪõȵϿɡ
һȿ𣬽ĿУ޷ѣʱ俴ĿΪԾ𣬲ΪǿҲᱻȥһգ۵ʱ䣬ԼԪĿڷУȻҲҪԷʵǲʲôֿı
ƮĿ괵ߣ̾ǧףԼԪöԷɢ
Ȼ汬Ŀȳ˻棬ǿԱƣпֲɱ
Ȼ죬Χɻ𺣣ֲĻзٻصһҲܵȼ
ȷƽ˾ԴһУ𶾡ƽ
ˮһ£ǺöϧҪռȻҲᷢӿֲؼʱ̸Լ£ԼͻΪӡ
취ˮԥһ£ǾˣǸƯӣ׼Ů󿴵ӵʹĪĹϵ
ˮ뵽Լľ֮ҲǻоԼлԷӳֲá
еһ˻ò
ţٱ䵹ǼˡˮȻһ㶣˰ٱѾһ㣬һ˺óʱ䣬һλ֪ʲôʱأе㼤ĿŰٱĽ
İٱ䡣
ʵһǧţǱܵһǧţɳһǧţݷǧǧΪٿţʮţʯţѪǿʮţʯ飬š
ǰ̫һû˷ʯҲûǸٻʯ˲Ķ糬ӦǺöʯҲǺöѪǿԼƵĲ࣬ʮеٰʯʯͷӦҲˮ֪ҲԵģһʱԷͻرõЧ
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ʵԺһر֮һԱͬıʵϸǿ

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öˮʱܼԼںҪֿƼܣϾɽޡתƣԺ˷˾ŲɱĽࡣ


2471 ͳ
־֪ˮ֪ǸǴ˵еĻ⸿ֲ̫ˣֻѰЩƺҲ̫ܣΪؼﲻôɣϾôһ
뵽ˮ׼ԣŻֱӽ
ˮѾ߻ˣѾˣڻܵ˲䣬һɫһˮˣޱȣģ

󱻲סˣˮоԼԪѸٵʧܽܣĻһܶ
ڵʵǲСģɿƣˮ⸿еףҲؼĿ϶ڤɿԣԪҴʱͱڤˡ
⣬⣬⸿ǿĴڲֱɱȴǿˮˮ޵ɱС

ѳʲôֱӷָˣ¾ֱǱչ͸ǰĻʳˣˮһһһǵĹȥûǸʱ䣬ҲûǸҪ
˳ǺϼҲˮһ˵Ѹ˭֪һһһǣȽȽ綫̫һ
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2472 ɱǿ֮սż
ӵӰܿ죬ųѸٵĳȥˮŲæ׷ţԿ϶һǸŮ˵ʦ֡
ˮ뵽ǸŮˣ˫ŮˣܿˮǸŮ˺Լ֮һЩϵԼҪΪԼػѡ
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սż𻵣޲ĿǰԴﵽ800000ʵ
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ܻյĵӰ죬ˮս⻷ټ϶ÿԴﵽ2400000ʵ
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2473 ̨յɻս
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Ů˲µȵĺģȻƪȴǲɥĲŮ˵֮
ǸɻսһĴߣԪΪսʲôʲôܷӳǿսܻʲôĴھͿˡ


2474 Σ
ˮе⣬Ůƺ⣬ˮ΢ЦǰѾڻʳǲˡ
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˳ǺռҾڻʳҲǶĴڣѹǵĻѣܣҲ˵һǧ˰١Ů΢Ц˵
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ɻսսˮ̷ḻ˺ܶ࣬ǿľɻսսʵرǹɱ¾ս˿ѷɫ


һȴǷʵһϿգΧǺޱߵĴ󺣣ˮһ·϶λãĻʳǣãֻһλá
оŸ̫һߣʵ𺳣¶ȲǾ͸ߵˣ˾µĵطܶܶ࣬Һܶ౦ضΪоյԭ
һ·мͳһ⣬ܷȴǱˮһ˻ɱˮﲻƽΪɱһʹõǷ˾Ų
ˮ֪Ǻռ˻ˣ˵ʵǿ书·ǺͺռҺܽӽƺӾͨռﶼˣˮо˲Ǻռҵˡ
ǺռҵˣԽռң뵽߳ȥǸˣӷ˳߳ȥֻȥ
䣡
ϿͻȻˣֲڶһۣļ»̿֡

һֱޱȵĴһһİ޴ӵǾߵӣֻĸצӣͷнǡ
ˮ۾һһѾϣģ̫ˣԴҲ̫ɢֲϢֱӴ޴һתһˡ
ɻս۾һһһֻɫëһĶŹΣȻһ㣬һɫĹһһ޴ϣһʱޱȡ
ɻսеѸڿйˮ˵һɺͷϣӾܣһ˿궯޲ʹӵסĽһ


2475 ౦ս
ֺܿȷеʱ䲢һֱѩ׵޳ˣޱȵĴһһһŮ˻ѩ׵ģһ
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Ůеɶ칤һһ㣬ѩ׵ĴһðѤĹΣޱȡ

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ԡ
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ˮŮˣľûܵʲô̫ģŮ˵սʵ̫ˣֱֻ֮֮Ҫ㹻öΪǷ·ɱһ
ԻޣԻˣܻʲôĶʱ䶼һӵʱ䣬ʵԽǿڵʱԽ̣˵ɻս˶ûĶںܾʱ䣬еĶõģһ
־ѣֻһĴڡ
ˮ뵽˻ˣԳ䲻⹥䲻Ͼģû꣬ǴﵽҲûãĶôսĶǴҪֻҪһ飬Ǻ׾ͿԷֳǸǻġ
ڵĴһֱˣֻѩҲʧˡ
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ǽˡŵͼˮ˵

ˮ֮ǰ˽ģһȽΣյðĵطҲǾȵĵط֮һȻҲܳΪ
пޱȣͨ˽ȥᱻƣֻľͻԵޣûˮֻйҽʲôˮᱻĸɸɾ
һЩ޺ˮǳһֲֲ棬ǹ״ģһˮֲﲻ٣ǾҪˮԴȻʲô˶ԼˮʲôˮҲҪֲﲹˮ֡
УҲˮĵر졣
öܶģȥ̽һ˵׼ҵһЩޱĶ˵Ƕ౦ս
౦սɻսģͲǺܴ󣬵ȴǺ֣շһʵǿرǱ࣬սʱҲ˷ʤܶǿ߶˶౦սıϡ
౦ս񲻵ѰԼ챦Ĵڻѧ֮࣬һЩΣյĶһ֡ɱ˷䡱ɱ˷䲻ǺܴҲͷСԱںпֲĶҺֶҺк綾֮ʳһвкһֱ浽浽
౦սи֣оս˵оһɱζûãûģģ˲ܵģˣʵˡ
ߣǾȥʲôˮЦһ߽˾
ԽԽȣڲͣȴһ㣬Χƺһ㵭һ㡣
ĺľ׳ĳɳһЩ󡢻񡢻䡢𼦡ȵȣĶ֮϶ͻйϵɫںɫϴŻ档
˵һЩϵޣʯҲǴȥģϵʳģҩϡҲϡƲ˿õſֲķǱٻıƲ˿·Ư౦ս߱˵
ò˵౦ս񣬶ںö֪ĿǺܶģĴжЩҲͶЩȤҲСˣûиŮˣƺŮ˲ð
ţǰˣƺսһԼˮԶ˵
ɻ󣬲ɻսƺҲˣͷҪҪȥ
˳·ȥɣ޺ǲʲôֲˡˮ˵űߴͷĵطȥ



2476 ţʯ
ûһˮ˾ͿԭڽսӦ˵һԱһڽ
ʮ˱ٶΧɱҲǿ֧š
磬ֿˣûõġվںһ˵˵
ţɵСˣбһһ͵ϮԶҲһߵֵһ˵
˺ܿ࣬еһѾ޴ɽǴһƬȫ
Ҳûֻܿܣ͵ϮҲãԶҲãɱͿԣʲôҪ𣿡ţĵĴЦ

ǾķıҺңķľĸ壬ĸ壬һϵܺãһսϵģôᷢ飿ɻս񲻽Ŀ˵
һܶռķĻлһġˮҡҡͷϣﶼһķܹϵܺΪŹͬ棬һƽûˣһᷢʲô
ˮǲģϾνаοҲûа֮ǰţ˵ģܿܣŲҪģ⻰ˮʵϣ
޹زɷǿʳҲҪһЩԼţʵ֪˶ãÿ˶ϣԼãϣá
ʯǲţʱݺݵ˵
룬ҾҲⶫС˵ġѾˡ
ȻôǾɣһһõţҲ
ǿɲһѣţܣܵķ򵽱ҡˮһռ
ˮ۾һУһڿˣռвһʯǸ۷ôˮҲʲôСˡ
ѣѶҲΪǡţƽĿˮһ˵гǿš
ԭǷͻΪʯ֮ǰ˵ʯأǺö˵Ǵ̫񼶽ʯԶ׻һЩı
մܣ˵ñɱĶԩˮֱӰѿռӸ˱硣
˿Һ壬ȴû뵽ҲǸպݶ֮ˣ֮ǰ˵ţСˣ˱СҲǿ
ǿֵĵţܰɣһαӳһռ
ˮסһ£ռкôһʯͷŽӲӵĹΣøȼյĽɫһΧźʯͷһĶ
һ黹治С߶ף״򣬽ӽ壬ɻսŮԼ౦ս񿴿ǴһôһʯֵԺֲܿ
ʯǲǹˡˮű硣
Ȼܲ˲˵ܵķıҿԱ㰲ȫЦ
ǱңܵʯǻᱻߣңҲκΣաţЦǺǵ˵
ҲҪʯˮռӽɾС
СӣҪˣʱ˲ǺܱңҿԸһЩĲţüΪԼ˵仰ԷͻֹֽⶫͲģû˸ķ
ķһƬǳɵģھһ򣬾»кܶЩĳǳءɽɡ
ղŵλָģ㣬̫˵ȥˣ˵ⶫҵˣΪʲôҪ㣿ˮȻ˵
˵ţһ㶣ǱҲЩսѾֹͣˣʯڱϣûбҪٴʵڲֵ
磬ôоǱ˸ˣԣܲҪţЦ˵
ҪҲᱻߣɴ໹ǲҪˡЦ
ߣαӣһͻºȥţм˵
û£ˡˮƾҪƹ뿪
ķķһû뵽ôļ壬˵һ飬ʯţ˵
Դ¿˰ɣ˵ˣҪʯˮͷ˵
ȴǺǺЦˣԴ¿ˣӦûСҰ¿
֣ɱѵɱŮ¡ţˮһˣò˵ŮɫʵǣɱֵֻŮ˺˵ˡ
ˮ۾ɱԼҲˣԼŮ˵ע⣬
תƣ
ˮתųЩֱһתƴȥ
գ֮
ЩȻҲǿߣˮε˵˺ܶܶ࣬תȥɱĽࡣ
ĲʮˣһӻˣѪֱ꣬ʧˡ
һ±ţüͷԷʵǿʵļ£һʱ˼žһ
ҲڣȻ֤޻ءˮǺЦȻֱ뿪һû˸ҶţҲǿסԼԼʧسˮ


2477 綾ĺߣħ
ˮһ˹ȥǰ
ʲôںˡţ˵
ô֪ôһġ˵ҲܱȸǿЦ˵
ţһûеõʯʮˣ𱱼˻࣬ЩҲǼ˲ˣټһ壬Щ˵ʵҲСͷͷˣҪġ
߰ɣȥȥˣôʯôˡţԽԽ޲ðѱһӸɱˣҲ޲
˼ҷɣܿģʯס˵ûԼɥҲԼûеõʯҲûеõһʧһЩˣƽ˺ܶࡣ
ˣҡҡͷкһ뿪ˡ
ţ̲סһ

òɡٺЦ
ǻ˵ķ岻Ʋ磬һǣǵĵرң֮ǰıʵڶƶԷһҰĲļҺһɻս˵
ţ£Ҳô۸ģοļҲϣû˻Ǵ󶯸ɸġˮŵ˵
⵹ҲǣܽǣҲȥ˵һǧ˰Ҳܲס
ţǿʲôʱ౦սָԶ˵
ˮȥһֻͨļһ׸ߣ˫磬Ⱥϸܳ·һ
֪ˣǻ𾫼Ʒʳˣ˵þ𾫼౦սĵ˵
ˮ뵽ԼѾƵĶˣƷ񼦡ɽƷµļҲôһֻɾе˲١
ɽɾˣζ̫ˣ𾫼Ӧǲ൵εġ
ץ
һ׽ֻ𾫼Ǻ׵ģл𾫼ҲԼıֶΣٶȿ죬⵽ǺɫľشѸٵʧһαװǰЩαװֶҪ̫ˡ
׽סֱӵɾȥ;Ʒˡ
Ҳû˵ʲôǲ֪ˮѻ𾫼ӵȷ𾫼
ո»𾫼һ˿ΣյϢˮֹ˶ַ·а֮ﶢһ㣬䡣
ˣ𾫼ϣ˵𾫼ǵħߵʳǲ˵ħ˰ɡɻսɫ׵˵
ǲᣬǣ㿴ǱߡˮЦָԶ
һںڵɽϸͻ֣ᷢⲻʲôںڵɽһֻ޴ĺߣСɽһɢɻϢ
ǵħߣ˵еаʵֲҪóԻһͨܶ˶֪Լôģǵħֲһһ˵Ǿֻ·һ
𾫼ҷһ·
ˮüͷϲֿеһֱСԾӣСĶǺǿģֻħߣﲢرĵġ
Ҫ𾫼Ӯ˵ɡˮЦ
˼Ҽģҳȫ㡣ħӰһ˦ˮ޴ɽرгһ˲ΧڵС
ȳϢޱȣ£ˣ⻹Ǿ綾
һ
ˮԼһһЩںȻĴڣȻ֪˶ٴˣ½ųϵ˶ᶾģȻᶾĺԼҲʵģȻһöҲϲ̨ģϲ̨Ҳͬʵкֲܿģͨ˶ڼ򵥵ĶҲûа취һǿȴǲ̫ͬͼĶ޷ǵӡ
ȻôǿӦǺܶ˶ȥѧģʵһѧϿߵԶһЩͲԸڶߵĽһ㣬ö޵ģʣȻױʷˣɺΣգһѧʮһҲˣʰѾųɾŵסˣö߲࣬١
˵޾Ͳһˣ壬ԴҺʲôģֻҪųһж죬ЩԵԸֲȻҲŵȣһȣڸԵһҲΣյĴڡ
ΧİɢˮΧóⶾôʹãΪ֮һ˶жˣɫҰףڵȻʡ
ÿֲĶҺ
ɵĶôǲǺˣڽ𾫼ǿһ뿪ħ
ޣ
ˮȫ䱸һǿ
һĵħʵֱӽɡ
ħ߿һѪַģҲһħ߿ЦȻޣϧû㹻ɳ
֮
ˮЦֱһ֮˹ȥ
һµħ޷ˣֻǽɵȫʵѾˣܽܣٴνɾѪˡ


2478 ն˶
ˮгҲԣǿߺ֮ѪĴںܶ࣬һﺬ֮ѪôԼͻɺܶࡣ
˲䶪ĳɵȫʵԷĶǲġ
׷
Ӹӡ
ͨ
˲׾Ĵһˮǰúʱ޵õˮħߡ
С
ħ߷˻ſھһƬյĺڷ磬ǰƬĿֲ绹ҪֲʵõֱӾͱ˺ʧˡ
кǷķҰ޵
һСɽֲĺڷ紵ѣ˷ĩʧ˿С
зģֱӱӰ١

ħɫĶ׵ĶǵһееһƬͳİͷƤ顣
ħߣħߴ˵ĵĵľĵ򣬲ǰܵظĵڵ£Ǻڰ磬ھݴ½һ硣
ħ߾һǿڣóڰͻϵľǵػҽľ

һһƬǺܴĺɫ棬īڵļ¡
֮
ˮİڤǵˣʹõĻǵ֮𣬵ڤﵱʱʵħ߲ʮǧ֮Ҳǲ˺ܶܶࡣ
ħ߾޴ʱҲȼڵĻ棬̧ͷ˦β޴һɨǧɨ
֣

޴Ľ˵ħߡ
ˮ˵ħһ٣ȻץסݵѣΣȻٴɨ˹

ɽ
ˮѸ̤ʵһǿĸ߶ȣɽѸٱһѾ޴ľ޽ѤȻŵħն¡
ҫ۵ĹνΧĺɢʥſƣ޼᲻ݵϬ
ħһӸܵΣգϢ̫Σˣֹͣɨȥӣʱˮʹͨħߵٶȱ̫̫࣬Ȼûüջء
ž
һ죬Ѫǵ۳ĺУ޴ޱȵĵħ߱ˮն˽һӡ
ħ߱һСɽСжôĴ׳Ȼˮɽ㹻ǽħնΡ
ħ߲ûѪҺ緢Ѫע޷ݣֱˮһĴ˲Ⱦ˺ɫ
ܿħߵѪҺͲôˣȻͻȻСѸٵʧˡ
ˮ֮ǰ͸оȷӦѾ˵ħ߳˶֮⻹оڵϵͨϵȻСơ
Ƕξ޴ӽɾĶУҲǾ綾ֲ˷ˡ
ħôҶЩźħҲԪˣûʮǱˣָܻܲԭҪܲҵĵرˡ
ھٴδһֻǿޣߵһЩ˻ˣҲҵһЩҩݣЩˮûеģǰˣڵʵǰԲˡ
һߣЩʱܵ˵Ѱûҵʲôÿ춼ںսջǲ
ѰûѰ̫࣬бҸôʯҲǷһʺˡ
ȥʱ仹Ǻܿ죬һͷܶˣҺܿͱ˶סˣ˳Ÿо˹ȥˮЦˣҺͱһĲˡ
ķ˶ˣʲôࣿ
ˮ֪Щ㲻ո˵Ҳ£׼ֱ뿪
ѣһȣһ΢ͳ֪һǿŵˡ
ˮ۾𣬿߹ˣģźܾ˳ҲζǸˣоǰһ㣬ȷʵаıǮ
˵ʵֱܲ˵ʵˮǿ󣬵Ǳڵڤȴǲ˺ܶ࣬ͻ࣬ˮһºˮڱͲôˣ˵ˮʹ˷˲ʵɱԷҲǿԵģֻҪʹ÷˲ɽ߶תֻҪĿɱĽࡣ
ǣˮԲ³Ǵ󷽼ˣΪ˱ţ
˶ķҵˡŵЦ
Ŷã𣿡ˮͷ˵
˶Ҳһ㶣һﲻԸǶӣôҲǸӡ
ģһС˵ǵһʯǻã绹ǡ˶ֱ˵ûбҪĨǣǰƺڴϱԼҪǿ
˶ţˮỹģƾҺ˶û˲ӣοˮᣬ˲֪ˣûһǧҲа˰٣ЩνҲǷ
˼ˣûǵĶΪСһЩʧȥжںСҪúõĽѵһ٣Ȼ鷳ġˮҡҡͷǸȻ˵



2479 ܲħǣ
ʯˮȻǲύģԷʲôˣ֮ǰԼûа취ϻﻹԼ⣬ѵԼĿô۸
ˮƽ˵ķʵ붯ԼҲôס
˶ˮĻ⣬ȻżСǲƭԼģˮůЦô˵ǴҼĶˣ
˵ˣûǼҵĶôо˺۸ˮ˶
ķ廹۸ˣҲñ۸ǣҪҶ֣Ҷÿ
ˮҡҡͷ
˶ɫѿˮ۾һգգȻֱһǿҵѹֱˮȥƺһķһĻۣһһֱӳˮ
Сˮֱһ
һϢֱӱɢ˶̽ңңˮץȥͽҼС
֣
˶һͨվֺֻܴܳٶȺܿ죬̺ſֲһЩãڿкͷΪһ壬ٶ죬Ʈ
ͨ
ˮֱֹ̽Ӽ򵥣İڶ
֣
˵Ҳ֪ʲôַˣ֮ǰ֣ͽΣٵҲûˣһְ˱ȭ̫ͨȭȭȭ
ɽʽʥֶֽ֮Уôණںһ㣬ȴޱȵļ⡣
ž
˫Ӱûˣһļֵٴγ֣һ̽ȻܼĽ֡
ž
дܼı˫໥ܲ͸磬вͻᱻĵĹǶϽ롣
ҵСˡ˶ԾĿˮ˱ᣬʵȴôֲȻԼûʹȫԷӦҲûʹȫ
ΪУҲ˭û˼ļܣҪɱ練ƣûﲻҪҴˡˮ뿴˶˵
˶ҲǸˣˮ˵ɱ練ɫѿˮɫǿЦҲԥϾغԼԷһ仰ͰԼסôԼҲͰˡ
˶ԥʱˮЦԲţʵ˵ʵҲǣɱȫ˺ף뿪ģҵĿ档
˶ɣλСֵ뿪һ˳˵
үү˶˺˵
ķеСֵܲҪһʶ˺˵
ˮЦЦ˼ҺãҾͶл˼ҷˡ
ң룡
ˮͷ뿪ˡ
үүΪʲô뿪˶Լүү˵ʲôʲô֮ǰɻ󣬵Ҳûκεԥ˵ķԸˮˣ̲סʵ
ûк³Ҫȥ˵
ܶ˶˼ķж漶ߵģʲô鶨᲻˶Ҫʾˡ

ˮɲ֪ΪʲôԼ뿪ҲΪ˱ԼĻסˣȻԷԼߣãҲǳʲô۶ӡ
ϴ˵ΪʲôˣЦ˵
ϴǸϼһһˣӦֶοˣӦÿϴĲˣȻǲ뿪ġ賿ЦЦ˵
ˮҡҡͷ֪˵ʲô
˻ǸװиǻۣΪǺܸ߿ԿһЩޱǿֲˣһˮǵǰǳǿĴڣķǵģˮо֮ǰƺֲҲΪʲô
ΣξΪķȡĴλõ˾޴ĺô

뿪ķˮҲеãǾ߶˵ĵطʢĵطҲʳҲǶ಻ʤ֮ǰľšʳڸǵɼ
ķֻһ۵ĵطǾԵһС
ôĺӣˮǰ޷ݡ
ȷʵǺӣǺȺһǴ˵еĴڣӡ
̫ˣһĺ󣬿֪٣ǲ֪٣ǾҪˮڡ
ˮһ˿ĽɫˮϺȫף˵ˮž޴ˮ磬ضضΣҳҲǺ̫ˣ󺣻ҪΣҲ
洬ֻ֮ܶ࣬Ǿ޴ˮţеֱӳˮǰУһޱȿĴôʵǲȥģϾ̫Σˡ
ȥط̫ˣ̫ˡŵͼ̾
㿴ħǣǣʲôģӦþħŵܲܲӦȥˡˮŵͼϾ΢ĵط档



2480 ߰
ǣ
ˮһ˵֮Ѿǰˣ·;ңԶǲǺܼżĳطϼ죬Щطǿʹôǰģʹôĵطˮֱʹô
Ǻͷ˳һֻһǳأһ򣬱һʳȲ࣬ҲãĥҲöǴһΧǸԵΧס
ϵĳǽԴ壬ﲻǰĹŴˮоǰĹŴɫڰһһֵʯѤĽȻûлݻ޳ûзɻȴо޴ķݣǰЩɽӵĳ
ڵϸ㣬ٶϸ죬ϱЩ󿨳ʲôǿ
ˮ̨֪ħôˣ֪Ӧﳢȡħŵ֮λħܲλӡ
ǵĹϢӲһϵĴУһǳˮͿܶ˵װ綼սװ磬ս񣬺ܿˮףЩӦڲµս
ʱڱ䣬ˮеĶƺȫȷˣӦúܹƽܺгǰҢ˴һ֮ȴǱˣˮڸоࡣ
ڵǺЩŴУۻ֮ҵĴλˣǸʵһԼң˸ǿ£ǰʱҲ֪һЩ򵥵Ϣ
Ҹ¥Ϣ£Ȼ·һûʹþУ;̽һЩϢһˮȴǷǵ࣬ÿطٶһ彭ǡ
Ҹ־ʳʲôģȻֻƾܲЩ˸ܲ˵ܲҲûʱ䶼
ǣˮҪսʲôʵսһ㶼ŸԵĴУϮģеһطʮˣ̸ڸٹ̡
ȻǲǸǰЩǲ˲٣һ֯
㣬Ůɣ뵱ʲôʥŮɣҸͷˣǡ
ԶΧ˺ܶˣһ޿
ĸҪִй񣬲Ȼץһŵ
һ̾ҡҡͷ
ˮһ߹ˮЦϲʲôôǿƱʲôʥŮ
ˮһŮ޷ɢҵĹڵϣһŮӱţһʮ뺷ĺӣһаĿģŮӡ
е㾯ĿˮҡҡͷʲôҲ˵
ûж⣬ҲһģҽյǸоǿŮˮ֪»ӿڳ
ٴ̾ҡҡͷ
ˮ֪߲˵ѾԸоˣ˵˵ѾҪˡ
ǣҲ뵱ʲôʥŮŹҰɡŮӻš
ǵ죬ΪʥŮ˵ͲﻹŲֱӰץŵӵ˵
٣ҾôһŮǰɣڼҸλ¹ץ˵䡣
ʶôȫߣﵱɱһӡ
Χ˾ҪȥĸŮ
˭ǵȨʲôʱʥŮˣʲôս񣿡ˮܴս񣬶ݴԸʥģȴû뵽ôħҲǿжҲͻȻоʧ
˭顣ٿˮ˵ܿͿˮļŮˡ
ٵ۾һӾˣлץǸŮӣоŮӺƯԴʥŮŪȥ棬ҲһˣڿˮļŮһӾΪˣٿץŵŮһʧȥκɫʣֱһ֣ˣ߰ɣҽã׷ðˡ
лˣлˣĸŮϲлϽ뿪
ˮҡҡͷ̧׼ߣʵû֣ԷѾ֮ǰǶĸŮˣЩȻߣȻھдɣˮоӦúܶࡣ
վס𣿡ˮȵ
Ŷ֪ʲô飿ˮЦˣֻЦŵɱŨ
ʥŮҿǼͦʵģϲˡ˵
ˮоԷð׳գɵ˭Ķȡ
ҿɵưҪ㹧ϲɱ㶼ģ治֪ôڵġʵ̲סֱ
ҪһɵҲˣؼɵӻװһİѴҵɵӣһ˼ӻΪ˿һǵŮǻ׬˵ӡ
ң𾪵Ŀ졣
ţ㣬̫ɵˣ㶼סͷ
û˸٣֪ʲôط𣿡һ̯ϴµӡ



2481 սķʽԼս
ٵĻЦˣ˵ǲǸоˬǲǸогɾֻͣɫɱ㲻κ鷳Ųţ
ӲСϣһǻЦó絶ս΢Ц˵
ЩҪùˣȻǸӵܣүүս񣬸ĵԶСۡ
ˮ˵ǺǿģȻҲģԼһ˵ľԲ࣬ûУš
˺ðڲɱ㣬һζ첻м˵
ȻҲðգŶԷƺҲûж֣ȥĸֹȻϡͿ˾̫ԩˣļ˻ûء
˭۸٣𣬲֪𣿡һ
Ǹӣ޳Ǻܿ࣬ȳƣһ£΢ɣһ߳Ķ̵磬ͨף·Ϊһһ
絶սһǿߡ
ˮüͷǸս񣬵ȴѾûսİǣʱ絶սߵɣЩô
ץѵۣŮĲҪɱˡٿҲûп絶ս񣬵Ŀˮһ˵
絶սķ絶עѣڱԼķŲκһ㣬ֻ꣬Զ޷ķ絶塣ˮŶ絶ս˵
絶սһһ⴫ȫ˵Ļǵ֮Ҳܳˣ˺ܶ඼սԼȻҲս񣬵֪ܳսֻ߲͡
ǸģΪʲôҪԤǡ絶սŬԼ
㲻ùǸģǻ¼ߵͰɣˮûκ̸顣
ϴ󣬶Ըֻɫɣǹս߳˵
絶սҲǺԸѾڷ絶ϳˣЩ˺ᣬԼѣٴɫȻ˳
ˮ˺󣬰ǹս˳ŷ絶ս˵ְɣ˵۸㡣
ˣǫһãȻǾͿɣ
˫ѾվڿУ絶սΧһǳɫһ΢΢ڶƺһľ磬ȻͻȻһѤĻնǹս
ǹսҲѧˮǸʽģһѧ˷˾ŲڵսҲǺֲܿ
ƣ
ƽ⵶ʽ˲̤˲Ȼٴǰ
Ĳ
ԣ
絶սɫһ弱ٺˣƺѾˣǹս񱩵һѾݺݵĺǵϣ絶սоԼ·һɽײһһӿһѪôһѪ
һУһҲǰǹսǿʵˣ˲Ĳʽӳʵ
Χˣ絶սҲˣһҲһǿߣһǿȴǱһаˣô𺳡
ɫѿ嶼΢΢Ķ¿ˮˣǲҪҸǵȮս񡣡
Ȯսˮ֪սģʵҰȮս񣬹ֲŽȮս񣬱ֲôսȴǺǿųǿʹͳǿʶܺãصҲֲܿ
ʲôսĻɫˮ˵һٵĴԼŮ˵⣬ҲˣˣʲôҲԵ޹ʾǣһעԼϡ
ˮ뵽һʣӵӦþǿӵΪˮѾȮս
ǸˣӢ߻ʮÿһսӢɫأϣüһźɫ룬һֻһ
ףҪɱңҪұ𡣡ٿСһ˵л˼ᡭ
ˮһ񺮣ʲôٰӣӺɷ۸˲Ҫ۸ȥͿˣѳһ
ģ벻ֺӶѣˮȮսһĺøҲûˣûԭ򣬳谮ûдҪжԭ
սºˣǾսķʽɡȮսˮ˵
ˮվǰ棬һӾ֪ˮΪ׵ġ
ŶսķʽսʲôʽˮԻˡ
ս˼ǣǴãӮˣģ㴦áȮս˵
սķʽˮ𾪣ȣƶȾȻģǿʳǿΪ⵹Ҳϡ棬ʵǺǣΪ˼룬϶ѷŴã˽ܣõıɱ౻ɱ֮ǰһʽʵпеġ
ãǾˣ֪ǲʲôʽսȺսǵǳսˮʵ
սΣ뱻̨ܲ㿴Σ


2482 Ѫɱ¾սն
ˮͷӦȮս
ԸͿˡһ뺷˳ӵ˵
ɽսˮЦŰɽսЦӦͬһϸȥˡ
ɽսĵЦãʡ
սĺƣָߴ༡򰾢˳ֿȭվڿУɽսڵʵˮʱǿ̫̫࣬ʱˮʵɽս
ɽսľһ֣¾һɽҲܰοʮˣȴֲޱȣǼɺĽϣһ֮԰һֱӰѶԷѪҺıѡ
еˤӵһЩˤȴǸ
ɽսһ֣һɽƷƽһѹĸоֲͬˮɽʽ񣬵ֲȫһɽսǼɣƵʿ죬ˮɽʽʽƵʵͣӦǱȽϵ͡
սʼɽս̽ץɽս
ɽսҲץ˰ɽսսսûκȡɣ˶ֲ˭Ҳ˭һֱӻ྾ס˶Է
߾
һУͬʱƵ˸оĳ·ҪһҪѵشһ˭Ҳûж
Ȼϲ£һʱʱ˭Ҳ˭
𣡡
ɽսŭˣ˫ۻмѸٵĹ·űˣ񱩵͹ϷĹΡ
ɽս建

ɽսȻһ׹Ȼ忴Ʊ׾ǰȥ˫۳ɫһӽɽս˿Ƶĺˡ
˫ǶԶԷ˸ŵʶ
ɽս¶ĵЦ⣬ˡ

ˮûκˣѧʵòϵľˣ˵ɽսʺˮˣֻҪʵ;絽ˣսʲôĶܵõһķӣȻҲ

ɽսٶȺܿ죬һӾͰɽս˳ȥҲ˳ûöԷ̫ܵ˺
ɽսһɢ뺷Ϣֻ첲ȫ˽ɫɢѵĿֲϢ
䣡
˫ٴһײƾС
ɽս˫Խһ̧ϵϢٴαǡ
˲
ɽսһ㶣˫һֻһԼĿһŴһȦҲǱ֡
ɽս̤Ȼֱһץɽս
ɽս񷢳һһĺУ˻ӭ˰ɽսߵ·߶ǲˣο˶ǶԼġ
ɽսɣΪиɽս԰ɽս˺С
ž
˫һһ֣ɽս񱻷״̬µİɽս˳ȥɽսһ㶵ʱɽսڴһ̤˹һпȡ
Ĳ
ɽսʱѾˣɽսƱˣ֮ǰǿ˺ܶ࣬ʱǲˣһ˺ֻܿܰٴӭȥ
Ĳ״̬֮ǰǿ˺ܶ࣬οʱɽսսˣġ
䡫
ɽսֱӰɽսץһץһָоֻɽսʱ𾪺ʹ࣬ΪһβѻѪȻѹȥѾѪܱѡ
һѾһһǽȻ֪
ɽսôֲһɽսѪըѣ˲ɥʧսѾ᧿Σˡ
ȮսɫƽⳡսʤսֻҪվǾӮˣʱӻһվ˰ɽսǰ
Ҫ֧Ϣһ¡΢Ц˵
Ыս
ˮ۾һɱ¾ս˵ȥҪһɱ
ͬʱˮðɽսЫսһ̶Ͽưɽս
ɽսȻֱˡ
ɱ¾սֱס˶Ыս
ɱ¾սеһѳ߱ǰˣѧͷ˲֮ǿֲ
Ыս˴ʱ˸оһߣһ綾ߣһԻϢĿѣԵĸоԽԽǿҡ
ɱ¾սһã˫һ˸ƺԼĸվǰȺ͵ĿԼ
ˮ΢΢üɱ¾սľǲһûо飬ЫսȻȻͨǿ󣬻öõĻ֮Уڲ֪ʧң֪ô¡
ˮֱӴնʮϡ
ˮǴȥģʱЫսѾɱ¾սɱȥһԿ˫һϢĽɱ¾սĲӡ
ˮѣɱ¾սвûб仯еĳȴǰˮָʾɾն
նɱ¾սɱУնʽ


2483 ǿеȮ
͡
ɱ¾սĽֱӴ˶ԷĿڣȻѸٱˡ
˫սʵ֮ս֮ˮĺܶǾͱˣս֮Ҳģ￴һ֮Щ˾ͱˮӡɱɱˡ
ЩѾս񣬻ʱǨҲ֣еαһС˸ɶûоģҲģαƵĺ˱˸ɶ
ܴھɣȻһôӦþͲֻһһԿȫҲӳȫˮΪʲôôʧԭ
Ыսֱˡ
Ѿˣʤ˭վ̨˭Ӯ
ɱ¾սҲǺܾʵ֮ǰȴ֣ûˮղŻˣЫսҲûȻڣȻֲܿų䲻ãԽɱˣһɱַ֣ҩ£ʤ
ȻΪҩ
ȮսƽȴɱŨңЩ˷£Χ˾
ΧܰȻˮʤû˻ƺ鲻ֵһᣬÿеɫƽ͸ûаѶԷ£Ȯսӷŭ
ҪǲҾɱ㡣Ȯս̨ϵɱ¾ս˵ƽ㡣
ɱ¾սȻˣĿȮս񣺡¹˭ֻ˵׼ء
ɣѾɱһٰɱʵе̫ˣɣÿ˺ˡˮֱӳɱ¾սߡ
ɱ¾սȻֲսпǰǸʵУҪʱ䣬һɾͺܸߣڶȮս̫ǿ
ȮսҲûг˵ʲôӰֱֱڿնˮңңԡ
˽֪ʲôˡȮսɢֲϢȻ󶴸һһֱľȮȮսߡ
ֻȮҲǺܴʮ׸ߣʮ׳⣬ЩעĿģעĿֻ۾˫۾м仹һֻ۾̵ǹޱȡ
ֻ۾ɫͬɢͬĹΣɢһصϢ
еȮ
ˮ۾ҲһȮս񶼻иȮ࣬Ĵڣˮû뵽ȮսȮȻеȮ
еȮӵԵĴڣֻ۾ֻ۾ֻͨȮսԿֲ
ˮɫأгޡ
ֻеȮûܵ޵Ӱ죬ȮսˮЦʼɣ
ˮͷ˫ֱӽӡ
Ź
Źˮеõһǿһָоͷߵĸоս٣ƺ͸оһƿصĸо
ء
ˮǸȮǣ֮еȮһǺΧ֮һҽڵĻ̵ҽͣķš
䡫
ˮһ޵Ļ𣬽ˮ
ˮڻĿԾͲ˵ˣûԸˮǰŪˮץסֱӾ׷֮ͷӸӡ˹ȥ
еȮĻ
ȪնʱӰȻθʮһһֱڻˮȥһȭ£Źҽٲһ㡣
ȭ
ˮ˲ֱ߳һȭ¡
䡫
ޱȱһһˮȵԼķôһȻסˡ
˫ĺˣжǴ󾪣ˮȵǶԷǱԼ˲٣ȮսǱˮ𾪣ʵõֲȴ޷ܣԶǾޱȡ
ջظղŵĻСˣӦڻŲС衣Ȯս˵ȻһӣͬʱеȮһ󺿽С
ء
ˮΧٴα仯һһѩأеնǱ㣬֪ı㣬һѩ磬к̹ǣ¶ȿ԰Ѱĸıѣſֲķ磬ǱӶҪö౶

ˮֻеȮⶫˣˮʱеȮȴǶˣ磬һĴڣٶȿĲݣ˷С
ҲˣˮоԼٶƣ·ѪҺסһо嶼ЩӲ

ˮϢˣɢ˵Ǿһӷ·һůһͬʱʶһгɽֱǰȻ¡
ˮǵֱӱˣʲôҲûУȮսǳеȮʱһǳǳĽۣѪ߰ߣ˵ĲأֻƤˡ
ˮűǽʱƣǸһתֱ̤˸ȻչһȮսȥ
ȮսӾ޴󣬴ʱ췢һ޴ȻۿɼĿ޴ڱ仯ڵϺ֫𣬾޴幭
һֱ޴ĺڹŨܵĺëţֻ¶һ˫ڵӶſеˮ


2484 ֲһնɱɽ
ˮҲ֣Ȯսʱǽս״̬ʵƽʱõܴٶȻرһ͹ⷢĺë׺
𡫡
ǹС޴ĺڹһ˫۾ͨ죬޴ٴ׳֣׳ǰ֫Ȼ˳ˮȥһɫ硣
ԡ
ˮĺˣϵ·Ѻܶ࣬Ѫ߰ߣƤ˺ֲܿ޴ĺڹǷ׷׵˺ܶĺëвӿѪ
еȮҲˣ޸סˡ
ˮѪӿȮսʵʵֲûڵɽƶֵסƻ̫ǿˡ
ȮսҲ޷ţԼˣȫȻ޷ش֣޷ܣһģǴݿĽִݻ٣֡
ˮҲ֪ȮսҲԼԼл֮ɽͷӾѧһ
ҲֻԼһ˵ġ

Ȯսٴһ޺𣬻ºڹϢٴ֣ٶȸ졣
ˮͨٴ̤ȻûгٴһȮսɱȥ
Ȯսһ˿ݣ˫߳ĺѸСֻг˴СһʯһצϺſٵصϬˮ
еȮҲǷغС

ˮоԼ²ܶˣʱˮȮսɱǱʤյĸо
ˮûлţʱѾ룬еɽҲȻն
תƣ
תƵκηɽϬֲնˡ
ȮսƺҲţϳںڵĹΣǷ·Ǹһɳˮ
ء
һ֣ͬʱһĲҽУɽͶתƽϴ˺ֲ̫ˣֱӰȮսпƲİȮսֱпˡ
·Ѫɫ磬пȮսֱըˣͬʱʧˣеȮսĴڣˮĻܣһôҲʧ
սˣˮһƺûʲôȣҲȮսȴһң֮ǰԼڣõ³ǽ˴ãһþͻᱻɱ
ˮվûκεѪΣɽƲ󣬵ȴһϵĸоһ̿һ㣬һҲԴһȾԷ绪
˺ͱһʧ񣬻ع˫ɫ΢죬Էе㲻˼
ˮɽչ涨ˡ
һֱӱˣ׷ˣˮҲûиϾɱֻҪûɥģһ֮еĶˣϾˮһֱﻹҪ̸˵ġ
֪һˣһҲ˽⣬Ҳ֪ΪʲôȮսǿսСط˵ȮսҲùġ
Ȯսʱ䲻࣬ˣǶһأһ񶴣ϧƲڵ󷨣ˣһֱ󷨸֣˵񽬣ȻֻǴ˵񶴶Ǵ˵
ϢȮսģֻս֪ûв©ǽοȮսˣ֪ϢսԾ͸ˮ
ò˵սܴˮˮǵһطи࣬ˮһĵ߸ǹȡ
֪ˮ뷨սɫһ飬ˮЦ᲻ȥϢɢȥ
Ϣȥˣֱӿ԰Ұӥսɱ˿Ц˵
ˣĵĶȻӥҲʲô׵ġ

ˮûдκһˣȴǸ˼ٸЩ캦飬ȫɱˡ
仰ġ
ɽ
ƺʵﲻʲôһյأðߵյأǺܴ󣬵ҲСɫǿ߻һ˶ָơ
հӥսյأҵˣʵﲻѣǵ˦ǿޣ⼸ֻ޻ֻޣʵǿĺڤһƴҲǿ
ˮҲһЩֶιģɱԷˮû㣬еðգϾ߻вˡ
Զ󷨣
ˮĽҲü󷨺ܹϣܹŹ֣ζûгɹ
ûˮҲôģôǿ󷨷ӡô治Ҳ֪кöˮͷ
ƣ
Ѿˮһʱʱ߲ˣԾϢһʱˡ
ˮںսˣʱȥˣûƣʱʱһǰ죬ÿѪ
Ů˶ǵģȰоˣԺԡ


2485 񼶴񽬣ͻ
ºˮ¶΢Цҵİ취֮ǰˮİ취ʵҲ˵Ͳԣֻ̫ǿˣͷ·ˮʯӳһ
ˮҵİ취սϲֹһ
˶ˮһƽ⣬˼ڤ룬ϵĳԣмǱѪҵ˰취
һᣬԵ㶫ˮʼһγԣһȰúãʯǿ̣ҲԸûʯˮ費ҲУŲ
ĸţˮʼ󣬵ѵһ鲼ʯȡ֮һ£һõͷǣӺͷϢǿֲҪǴ
һ󣬽֤ʵˮ뷨񼶽ʯҲ񼶱ģⲼĶȻּģô浽ʲô
ʲô
ʱһһĹȥˮе񼶲ѾˣЩǾ޴ջˡ
ûκ죬Ҳûκζ󷨱ƵˣǰһưڶڲɢµϢ˵궼·ϴһ㡣
ˣ
˷֮Χ˹ȵĿһ
ߣǽȥˮ˵Ȼͷȥ
һرĶȴǺֻܻһֵ𺳡
δ𡫡ˡ
ʲô
ˮȥ˳˹ȥңвףԽԽǸо֡
ţǰ滹и䡣
ƹ䣬ˮˣǰһ޴ˮأдصɫҺΣɢưһӨ͸
ܿˮͷһӵġ񽬡ΣϢΣղɱ˵Σգһ̫ǿϢ
ǿ
ʲô
𣿡
ţ֣أ
ˮʱѾ֣ڳӵϷֻеߣдأд滹һ֡
оǸе񽬾пֲУ岻ǿ룬ʬ޴档
ˮŴӣ˵ԡ
ˮԼĵģֱӻУһ͸оһɿֲϢԼΧԼǾ϶ڻϵĳߣԿԳס
ԣҪܲܳܣǼܳŶá
ȻһӣмȴһԿȥˮأֻдأ˹ƾͿˡ
հɽս񼸸ǽˮڵĳУȻһӾͨ죬ܡ
ŮһϥˮϷİС
дһСȻҲϥڰС
ˮһֱУʳ񽬣Ĺڷ΢ı仯ѪҺҲǲϵı仯һжǺ΢
еһ½ϵİҲڼӿγɡ
ʱһĹȥ˴󶼱ˣ޷ˣŮҲǣŮǱߵ񽬳лһһ㡣
ˮߵ񽬳Ѿˣʱˮ񽬡
ȫʧʱˮ۾³һڰɫϢ񿴵ҶڿӵˮԼ˽һ룬һһ㡣
ˮ౥ˣʱһѩ׵񽬣ÿһΣһҪòܵҲ˵ⶫ
аӶ񽬣ˮгޣҲ󣬽Ȼһβʣˡ
أ
ˮоеţʵĶʣȹ̸ȫѸʵı룬һɡ
һδҵõĺôԵģʵ˸Ծ
ˮõĺôֱճе񽬣յľһ˾ҵı仯ɫԽ񣬹ӵ;ĤѪܵȶǷʵı仯
ʵõ˴һһܵʱ䣬ʵȴǸȹ̵״̬ġ
ˮʵ300000
3000000ķ
2ɵķˮķﵽ3600000
񵲱300000ĸˮ൱3900000ķ
ս⻷󷨺һԼսԣˮķﵽ8000000Ĵء
ˮѾľˣʮ㣬һһΣһΣ߰˾ŲһΣʮ۷壬ȻԲĿǰˮû˭ͻ񾳡
ˮ۷ˣеСź߲ܵͺˣһ޴ı仯
Ĳ㣬ˮԳЦЦһһĻԵˣȻԼ֪Ҫòܴﵽ㡣


2486 ߲꣬ˮ
ܵ˵ˮǺģʵûɽ֮˲ԼͬʱˮʵҲǵõ޴رǻޡڤԼհ׻ȡ
仯ȴǽհ׻ˮرĲףʵҲͻͽˣͽհ׻ȴС׼ף賿İ׻ʵҲǵõֲհ׻Сۼ˵ͽհ׻Ͳ˺ܶࡣ
ڤʵѾ10000000ˣﵽ7000000Ǵﵽ5000000޺ʵܰ㡣
հ׻ʵرǷﵽ˲7500000ˮ˻޺ͽհ׻ʲôҲ㡣
ȻһжǼӳ󷨺Ͷ֮ʵĶҲ˲ٵʵ
֮սżϧ޷񽬣ò˵ǸźԼʷҲһ㣬ʵȣһ޷ˡ
һʱʱ̤սˣȷʵǸźϾޣֻǳɳеϿսֲܿˮһֱһޡ
ˮ˵ʵҲǵõһѸٵҴʱ϶ȥ׽ˣǶˮıܽٵ
˻֮ˮɿʵǿ賿ȻﵽأҲ֣֮ǰ賿ľ͸ߣһҲǺ߲ʵȻֲˮо賿ô
ɱ¾սŮҲ㡣
ˮпö˲ıˣĻԵһһξոˣ޵һˮһ˵սõһʵһսѾγˡ
ˮٴΰﲼÿһε񽬣Ҫ̫ˣҲ֪Ҫ꣬󷨣Ե˰ɡ
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ˮʱɾеϿϥţʮ󶴸뿪ӲӵһɢֲѹʯһĶɢƽ
ʱˮ౦ϣ·һһ˫΢գɫ꣬ϵϢҲԽԽǿ
䣡
ʮȴͻȻһĹâһ˲·һС̫һޱȣϱˣŵڶ
ۡ
ϸ΢ˮĵɫĵﶴ΢ı仯ڸӵӵĻͣ·ɶһĶֻȭͷСȴޱȣÿһϸڶôһ·һ㻨ƶޱȣˮӷɫĶԶȭͷСĶ·ֻܴܴǾԶ˲ŻôС
ȴɢӴѹׯʥ˲ֱӡ
߲㣡
ˮ꣬ɾ꣬˵ˮٶȲ죬ȴޱȵȣˮǿֲĴڡ
߲ˮʵٴη˾޴ı仯뵽ǰ賿߲ʵˮЦˣԼѹ
ˮʵ1500000Ĺ
15000000ķ
2ɵķˮķﵽ18000000
񵲱1500000ĸˮ൱19500000ķ
ս⻷󷨺һԼսԣˮķﵽ40000000Ĵء
֮ǰˮ֪賿߲ʵ22000000
߲Ǹ޴ת䣬̤񾳸߼Ĺؼ㵽ĲĲôˮоûа׷ѣɾпмѰǿս賿ս
ûͻǰˮǴ򲻹賿ģ賿֮ɽļοϸ賿һЩ賿ﵽ22000000ʵҲˮ£ȻǴﲻģ֮ǰʵҲҪˮļӳ֡
߲㣬˵һ죬Ҳˣһǿѹ񾳵ġ
ˮ֮⣬ҲɱһЩԶŴѪޣǵѪٴһЩѪĴԽԽˣѪǿٷ֮һѪٷ֮һѪǵʵܶࡣ
ܲÿѪʱ䣬ˮҲûռݵĿǵʮһ㶼ûܣһڻܵʵֲܿڵˮоеֲ
߳ɾѾˣһׯ԰ʱǹȵĹǡ
ʱ䣬ˮѾǵĹǣһ·ϵ߸ʮʮ˵ʲôˮ߸ļǶǶֽˮһеľ
һʧˣܲСˮһˣ賿ڣˮɵնܲս񣬽ȻûжһֱˮǹȵĹǡ
ˮˣûĴкսһˣͻƵ߲㡣
Ȼںƽˮֻ֪Ǳϵģ¥


2487 һ񱩵Ķת
ѾһˣƽһˮǺģҲ֪ʲôԭ򣬰ˮĸоܲӦǲԼôģһԼġ
ʲôԭˮﻹǿĵģϾΪӮȡ˱ʱ䣬ͻƵˮѾ󶨣ԾܲҲĿˡ
һֱǰǹȵĹǣʱˮҲ֪˲ٵϢħŵģţʥءʥȵʵЩھ򱱷֮أһҲǰš
վСԺкµĿСԺһƬĻܣõĻɫڳҡҷĻСԺ
ûһŮˣϴŵĺΣޱȣɫˮŮ޲Žɾġ
ô˯ᡣˮЦŻͷŮ
һһŮʱˮ˵㡣
ˮ˵ܲжˣ֮ǰǶΪڲìܣһʱûй˵ϡ̧ͷ˵
ŶڲìܣʲôìܣˮǺˡ
ܲʵҲһɾһһһܶ࣬ЩǵһҲǴ۸ӣ֮ǰûڣϼ֮䶷Ըûйǡ
ô˵ܲѾˡˮЦ˵
ţˣʱһ֮ìƽˣûӣӦҪǶˡ
ѾϢˣһһսŵʱ˹
ŮҪˮ֣ˮȴǲŮҲš
ŵ㣬ħʲôϢˮǵһʡ
װô̲ס˰ɡŵǺЦ
ǰѾΪħܲʲôʵǾħܲħţħѪôֲŵ˵
ˮϢе𾪣Ҳ֣ٶȷʵԼزٵ񽬼ɾΪо֮ܲλ̨ӦҲԼķӡҲ⿪Ĳ˰ɡ
СԺˮǿ󷨣Щ鲻òܶˮһ˵Ĳףô˵һˮ賿߲ߣʣµҲ٣һǿʵˡ
ȻϺһЩܱȣʱҲȫֻͬʵŻá
֪ȥˡ
ˮһ͸оеѹֱ֣һĿУһͿԶһƬڵѸٵķ
ˮܺãȻԶѾԿˣϧˮʶôԶҲܲϢֱˮѾԿ϶ܲǰս񣬾Լġ
ˮǳģΪҪɾԳˡ
ʱҶѾԶˡ
ҲƬʱ䣬ׯ԰Ͽվͱסˣ޴ޣϵߡ
СԺϿڵʵʵˮͷſУĸоܲЩֱͣСԺϿգϷҲһʾһ衣
ˮȻҲ󷨣˹ˮ޷
Ȼݵĺˡ
һˮҲ֪˵ĿԻûˣȻ˳Ȼˣ»̤ա
˾Ų
һ
ˮľ߲ڰ˲Ѿ̤벽ˣҪ̤ȥҪʱ䡣
߲תƣ
ˮɽȻֱſȥ
ǺӵɫĻҹյǺһһ̵ˮôֲһ˾֪ʲôǶ컯⡣
ˮڷﵽ40000000ڷ˲£һжôĿֲ
еȫɫ䣬һģǰĸоģһңѸٶܣںܶ˵Ѿˡ
ž
ѩ׵Ĺըˣһ˲Ǻѣۼ˺þòʧȴֻʣˡ
Щһɫ԰ףѪ߰ߣһϢ
Ƕ㿪˵ģȴ޷ȫ㿪Һгʵǿһʱ俪˱ֵȴ⡣
ˮֱӳڿУΪ׵һˣûƣбȫĳһοֲĹʱ͸ˣԼŬȡնɱˮˣȴ
޽ֻҪˣô֮λľһλãһҲвǿս񣬵Ҳʮ֮࣬ÿһҲٳ߸ͷһΪ˵ǾͿǹȣʱǵԴȫԼ˵㡣
ʱ߿ɬޱȣһǰû뵽Ǹߵĺʧ룬֮ǰ˵ˮ򵥣Ͼΰܲȥսˣأ˺֣ܶʵҲûرĵġ


2488 ˮԼսܲ
ڣǲǿ̸̸ˡˮ΢Цȥ
һ͵ĸʱҲ΢΢е䣬еȴǸоһ¶ȣһ˫ϵ۾ʱҲе㲻Һˮӡ
ˮ֮ǰһŻˣһǻģҪеöһԼҲϵˡ
̸̸ʲôŬԼĿͷҲԼľƽ
·һʱɱǣȻûɱˣڶܲˮھҪ߽ܲҪҪȥܲĵҲ
ԥˣŵܲĵأѾûѡء
һĻһ类ɱˣ˵
Ѿ뵱ԡˮ˵
ڷչⲢ֣˵Χһжڱ仯ǿΪ磬ֻҪ㹻ʵͿƶҪĹ򡣡һοˮûκõ˵
ˮһʱû˵Ȼ뷴֪ˣ֮ǰʲôʥŮʵһЩΪԼ˽ȻھڵɣմأղĵطûаĴҲûν塣
ˮףҲ⣬εȻ󣬻һַչı־
˵öԡˮ˵
ôһ·Ҳ֪ΪʲôΪΪ˵õⲻ֪㲻Լ˽ڵоǶԵģǸе𣿡ˮƺʲô׶֮˵Ҳ˼ôˡ
ˮ̾˵ȷʵΪԼȻдȱ̬ų̂򶼲ô˵ʵҲΪԼ˽
ðɣҶҪڵ߸ȻӾͲȫЩ飬Ŀԣϵ¶ǺħŻʲô𣿡ˮҡҡͷ
ܲĸˮǿĴĵ𣿡
ȻѾ޽ʵȴɲ⣬֪ˮͼȻǲŹˮģԴʱĸǺ뵽Ǹֲϼһ͸оޱȵļ£һķ
Ҳ֪һսˮ϶ĵͷ
ڴﵽ߲񾳣ܲĵӦøʵϾǾһһڵİ
ûеͣ˾Ų߲磬Ȼܴܿﵽ˰˲ʵ϶ԷӦòԼˡ
󸱵ѡ뻹ǼˮȻҪѡʱѡ˾ûкڵĻˡ
뿪ˡ
ˮصСԺɫָеأϾǾǿ֮һܲɣޱȷḻĴ
ˣҪˣǲûһս֮Ҳ̫ᷢģڶˮο˼䡣
ˮ£ÿɸøʲôʲôħŵ鶼ˣҲûȥħ̨գԴͻ֮ĺȹֵֹ̣ˮĸоƺһжƽ
һյĸоҲ˵ʵǿˣǵ̣Լĵ
ˮֱӷһϢѸٵڹǴˡ
ˮΪսսܲĵսʾսȲ⣬˵ǽսԳ˶ҲòȻ˾ͰսƺˣѾٽս
ˮսϢһ֮ھͽսȴˣ˾ٽĹȴҲ֪ˣϢźַܶʽԺܿĴݳȥǰ綼еһƴ

ǸϼһȻʱղֲ࣬ܿսȻҪսŹȵһ˵
ҲǸս񣬶ʵֲܿ˵һаˣô˱һ˾ʣˡ
ʵ˳סˣݷϼһ˭κε
ϼһʱղ൫ҲиʮԪʮʮҲǲܣƵȲɡ

ħŵĺ԰̨ڽһСŮ飬СŮ۵һļϸ壬һһ˫ˮһ۾Ư
㻹Ҫˡ̨̾
ףʲôأǲˡСѾͷ
һʱͻą̇̄壵ԴЦ
ÿζǹһʱ䡣첻˵
СͶܹƿˡ̨Сĵ˵Դľ޴ı仯ʵҲޱȿֲѪ׵ɢƺԽԽƽͣûκεɱ⣬֪һжΪСѾͷԭ


2489 һսǿ߶Ծ
ˮԼսܿ͵õ˻ӦĵҲս
ˮȷʵе⣬ˮΪԷһ£ȴû뵽ԷƽĴӦϾԼ˵ص㣬սȹĹ㳡̨
ʱϢͬ糤˳һѸٵĴء
ˮϰ˾Ųںܶ˵ʱ̣ܶɾʱҲˣһʱ䣬˵׼ͻƵ˰˲硣
Ѿһ˷˰˲֮ƺʱпɷ˰˲磬߲֮пܾͻ赲һ
ʱܿ͹ȥˣˮûͻƴﵽ˰˲ʱսȹǵƺ˺ܶ࣬Կܶຣе飬һǿߡ
ܲĵսǿ֮һ˵ʮʵһսҲǰˣʵ˶һ
ˮΪʲôһվɣܶڶ֪ˮսˣֻûмˣѾ֪Ǹˣ˭֪иսǸš
ԼսӵˣˮûгٵҲûˣƺжӦս񼸺ˮͬһʱ䵽ġ
ûвУҲọ̀ǣĵط
ˮսѩ׵ͷѩ׵ĺӣһֱۣɫֺ治Ǻ׷ͯգսƲڹ֣Ҳǲ֮ˡ
һ˫ɣ۾ƽˮʱ־ȣһͺͿģˮ¶һ˿΢Ц
սܿĴҺˡս񿪿Ц
ˮϣǼٻΪΧ˵ġ
˼ңС³çҪôϲҪˮ΢΢ζԷǰˮоһֵ𾴵ˡ
ÿѾǽ֮ˣҲ˵ٻһ££˵ѻƭˣҲмôսǺЦ
Ѿˡˮڷƺôˡ
ܱˣȫˣˣȻǵȴѲ֮£֪вǱҡҡͷ
ˮ֪䲻䣬һԼǰΪ̨նҪԤ
ˣнӦΪŮ˷գŮϲϣ̫ˡս̾
ˮһѵ֪Լ
ɣˮƽĻһ䡣
עҪģ赲סָоҵʵʤ㣬ǺսԤУңһսҪ򣬲ϣܴӦһ
սĻΧ˻Ȼϣʲôʼˮܶ˶ˣˮᣬս񣬶վඥ˵սһܶĽʺͰĽ
˵ҲһӦˡˮҲѻ˵ġ
ִ֪ϣƴǣһЩ·սص˵
ҿԴӦ㣬ʲôôˮЦ˵
߲ͻƵ˲㣬ÿ󼶱ͻƣ񾳵񵤣ÿֻܳһųһΣ񾳰˲㻹ǾŲʹãԼ룬ÿֻʹһţԵһţһЩĵҩʲôҲûáս񶪸ˮһµƿȭͷС
ˮӹͨȻԿģһš
սˡ
սóԼǽ
սҲǻƽս񣬲ȴǻƽ𽣣սǽͻƽҲûʲô𣬶ǽӦñƽҪá
ˮɽԼʵת۷壬ֱһ̤
Ӹӡ
ӽӡ
תƣ
һֲһԪžԵȥ
սеĳһһƬǳһĶֱӾס˶תơ
ˮ۾һ⻹ǵһμôĺԼĶת뿹ȻԼûʹȫϾ˲ûҲûԷ̫࣬ǿֲķȴǻڣתƵκηġ
ܡ
ڣˮܾȵĿεײǱѵڣ˵սʵѹԼ
֮
ˮһײֱ֮һ֮
ս΢΢һ㶣ʵɻǺֲܿģˮеǽһᣬһȭɫĹѹˮ
ѹƣ
ǾѹƣսѹҲǺֲܿģͬ綼ܱѹƣˮͣεѹʮþȵġ

ˮɢһɺȻӲĵѹơ
սоԼĴԴӮˮսȴǸоˮһЩΣգģоԼûѾ֪һ㡣
ĵѪ塣
˲
ˮ˲߳Ȼٴһ̤
̤
䣬һ̤˾̤
һ̤ƺˣȻеɽս



2490 ̤˷˵ڰ˲ת
ˮĽֱӸɴ࣬ˮڻ֮ͨʹóģˮսеһʹãһʹãƽʱһ㲻á
ɽ貵Ѥһһսȥ
岼
սĽһΧֱӳǳһһ̣սӰˮеǽѸٲʧ񱩵
ԡ
ϵĽˮʽӼ򵥣򵥵޶ᣬȴôĲƽԽˮоĿֲرɽʹ¡
ɽļ⣬ˮĿʵԷʵһˮǸоû̫ѹ
ˮ֮ٶռƣս岼ʹóֲ֮ٶϵȱ
ˣʲôɱʹɣɱҵġսˮЦ
˵ʱսĶ򿪡
ʮҶͨĶ
ʮȻ࣬ԷǾڵˮûиоľȣͬʱҲĶʮӲӵѤöĿ
ʮ
ʮҲҲ򵥣Ϣƺʤ
ľߡ
ܸо˿£֮ǰҲ˵֮սһ
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𡫡
ˮгޡڤ桢հ׻ͻܡ
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Ź
ˮҲʹԼͶԷ岼ࡣ

𡭡
սһֱӾһŴˮѸ̤ȻֱӾڴ˿һ
սǽʱȴǴʱֻ޴ϹȻ̧ͷԴȻҵϢͬʱҲǹĳˮǰ棬޴ĹǷӵĹâĻͼһ̺
ˮʱѾ˶תơ
ӿԴһΣˮڶδˡ
գתȺˣһֱԷ󲿷ޣҪֻ޹꣬Ӧ˵ֻ޹ȥֵˮġ
䣡
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ɱ

ʱȴǻĳ޴ֱӭ貵һ

ԶĽʯڶһը׻ҪǿһεԪɢڶ̨ΧһεԪסˣȻ˻ꡣ
ս⣬һܰսˡ
ڵʵֲ̫ˣ߲񾳸˻ܿ񱩵ˮһŸͨӵлٷְʮѪĻܾĴ֮һЩҲػ
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֮ǰֻ̤ԳѣΣˮȻ˷ҸᣬһѪٽԳ档
ˮʵӣҲԽǿرѪ٣˵ˮǿʽ֮һһѪסѻûпܣս񶼲ܣƴƴ˻Ҳ˵
ֻӭ˻ܡ
սǳˮ
ˮսȻ䲻ˣսȻ޷شԷ
һδʩչ˲
䣡
սǽϹâһһˮ
׹䣡
ˮڷ˲ֱ֮һƱշסսֲԼ
ˮпйԽϣˮڲãսҲɱﵣҲûã˫ƺĳĬһ
һʱսѾһЩ仯
նɱֻоޣڤԼҲأˮյɾ
޺ͺҲɱֻϱŵһֻԼһϢľ޹꣬Զ滹ֻޡ
ޡ桢հ׻Լܣʱڿˮռ˵Ϸ硣
ˮٴ̤սҪǾƴˡ
š
ˮ̤߲֮һսȥϰԵٴ̤
Ѿ̤ǧβֹһһֱʧܣǵڰ˲˰˲
һƺˮɣƺһһɿ񱩵ˮϡ
ɹˣ˵ڰ˲
ˮȻ̤˷˰˲ڰ˲ɹˣһǶתƣ񱩵һԵڰ˲սɫһ䣬ȴЦˣϵɫƽûκεĻҡ


2491 ˮΪܲ
˰˲Ķתӹһ㣬貵ÿеľŸ̫ôһ˲ʧɫ
ˮѾеƲסԼˣ˵սİȻһһֵȴȴʲôȻ֪һҪսˡ
һ춯ƺǺֻܴ貵ӣ·һϢ
ӦҵҪ󣡡
ˮսһ仰
ʧˣΧʧ˺ܶ࣬սߵļֻҲʧˡ
սˣҲˣֻǺͻһսͨġ
ˣһнˣˮսʤսһ޽ս񣬶ˮ˵Ѿսͷսô˵ھǾĵ
ֻҪĵôϾͿ
սʵǺǿģˮܹսʤսˮʵȻ˵һôһˣպĳɾȻǷҡֱϡ
û˿赲ĽŲ
ˮûԥֱӽӹӴ˺ܶ࿴ˮǿȻǰͶ
ˮûоܾ֮ʣ֮˵
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Ұģȴһս񣬶ĴʴȣֻǺܶʱΣˮ̸ʱܸо
һˮǺãþ۹ܼ
ͬʱԻǣƣսȣף̶Ҳûа취ǰǲˣˮһ˼롣
ҲãɽսҲãսҲãŮȶõã˼ֱӾǽһЩǻΨģʵﶼģǰҲһиǰᣬǿϣȻẦ
һЩе棬Щþ۹ˮž۹ãҲ̫ݣˮҲǴӦսˡ
ˮ˾ĵ֮λǰص˺ܶ࣬ٽĹȵһҡȣˮĴܽȻãɵӶܿ˵Ŀ¡
Ҷ֪ʲôԣ˭ҲԸ»һ㶼ǰĺ
ˮʱ˺ܶ࣬׼ҳԪܳܳʱҵĴлѡһֵ͵һֿԳ۷塣
뷨ģܲܲ˵ж︣ҲģοĺҲģ
̨ҲˣûгˮǰֻԶԶĿţħźǶҲʺϳ֡
ʽ֮ˮ˳ֱзȥ
һľɽȣ£̨һ羫һСŮЦ
ˮŴˣһƽһ澵ӣ˵㣬һƺͨ˺ܶܶණһһħƺǵˮоʲôǣƺһжҪ
̨΢΢ͷ΢ЦſˮһţϵһǸħ˲֪

壿ˮĵıˮһӾ˵ˮ
ѾͷˮСѾͷĵתһȦȻʹǷ۵Сա
񡫡
壷ЦˮĲرĿġ
ˮǮŮ뵽˼ӺŮǺþúþûлȥˣˣԲˣͲ÷ֿˡ
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2492 
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ˮճΪĵܶҲҪ
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ʮ֮µͻһ㣬ˮþ۱ҩһǰһ㻹㣬ҲҲ֪ܲǰ㣬оϣȽã
һϹǿȻ粻ʵҲڻӡ
ûԥֱӳ
˲һҽһĺбڣȫľ·˲֣ǿԪ籼ڵһ
ˮϹǿ˹·ɫʱҲǿ񱩵Ԫ龰纣ˮһ
ʮԶӲӵһɫĹ֮֡
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һ΢ƺĳطͨˣоһޱͨĸо̩ͨͬʱɫһµȥֱӺǹ϶Ϊһ
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ŻֲϢԼţ˶ʵﵽ񾳰˲۷塣
ƺܿͻƵŲ񾳣ƺֲһ㡣
ڵʵͻǰǿ˽һȹ̣Ϸ˲ﵽ˰˲ˮ̬Խˮƽ

֪ʮȥˣȻҲһЩһЩֵһЩĶˮΪѾﵽرĿֲ׶ΣǱ۷Ҳ˿
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ѪŮʣҲصˮߣһ˳ΪµѪŮʣʥŮǿ庮ҷĶ˿

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һнеĺ˳ʱĻ˸̫ͨɹ
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һ֮ûһᶼסˣˮҲһ㶣ǰʥʥʲôģʵֻڴ˵Уһˮȥе㲻
һΪ׵һŮˣţǿе£Ϣǿˮе͸Щ𾪵ġ
ǲǳٵˣ
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