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̡ӹĵʿ֮
ת٣Ϊɮ۽ն˿
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ղݺ쳾뻨ԣܲ
һнڡΪɮһеľ






1 ɮ
ǷɣĴϳˮ֯
һ̣峿ߺȣµĿŸСԵһƬ־ࡣ
էŵĴĦ࣬ȻһãճмλãΪһ˸ߵĲƶ
һ꣬ʮ߰꣬ģеȸͷ򢻹мഺһׯϣС
ͷһë棬峿һգǸҵĺС
ɫ£ϵһɫ飬һѶ̸ͷ΢һһȵ
ϵĲСɽһ㣬˱ãȴԣ磬˾ȻעĿ
˭ѽôԱһȶĺʡ
ԱһɰݵСӴǻ㲻ϵãǺǣ²Ǳ˰ɣ
٣Ҹյ죬׼СЦʮ꣬ԲЦǺǵģһŵĺ
ѹ֡ĽտȻɲѰСӵ
δѰ
ǸУȴǲãɱ˵ģ
ɱˣɫһ䡣
СӳǱչѹһﲻۣĵһ
ոǿӵɴۡ
Сҡҡͷҿûѧգһȭܰ˴ˣɶֱ𣿡
ǾǣӵͷСĵȥǡĿɨæıܿװû

Ľջ΢΢һЦ
ƽͣУȴɽҰ·Ŵһţűһ¥ǰ
¥йһңдšȻ¥֣Ź⡣
һӴţȻ¥λںӱߣ¥ϣɸĴӣϷһֱӹ棬¥Уˬ
ⳬȻ¥˽һĴ¥㣬ƶϣͨ԰֣أɭȻ֮ơ
¥ɿһλСˣʮ߰꣬һ̺֣븺СС۾гһ죬Цеģſס
ǰЦĽ
Ҳ˵˵ת·ƵȻ¥󣬽һԺӡ
Ժƽשʰøɸɾϱ߰һӣǹһӦȫ
ԺǴһ˲̡
ѷŵڣĽֱһ˵Ҫ꣬ҾǰЩ̹
ЦеĵĽ˵Ҫ꣬ȻҪģߣȥһ
֪Ľͨģ׼ġ
Ľڰ֣»ذɣðЩƲ˴ȥ·Զܵ顣
˫һǺã׼
һ̶ܳȥֻĽ

ĽҡͷЦЦʱѣ¹Ȼвͬ²ˡ
תԺӣǽߣɲ
ѾʮأӦ
ǰʮһɣһѧѧϵҵȻһݺڵĹѧʱɢֻ沨
ͽ˻飬ǰƵ˷˻顣
һɽѹ͸Ȼڹ˾꣬˾̱Ҳ꣬ȴҴְֻţ־޿κΣһһС
ǰ֣·һΣȥԽԽģ¥ãԵӣɻѾңɼ
ǧʮ棬Ĵ죬ʢ
ܳʱƳƣ缫ʢҲ峤Ἰֽ䡣
ȼɭϣ书ķ󣬵Щض
޸ƶӵܣҪ䣬;ɣ壬ǰһλʦ
ǰߣɽӴķã壬Ҫһʣӹ룬ʦǿ
Ϊƽ񣬼Ҿһ㣬ѧѣɣʦ֮룬ǲʵʣΨһ;塣
ǰһӣٷˣһŭɱˣҲһúûţĹУΨ书
ٷپһЩЩ书Լ
ʱĽʮ꣬÷ѹΪִ£Ȩƺպա
ȥѣȻ˽ƾԼӡ
ңڹˣǺ֮ˣϲˣһֱȥԴǴˣ뷨ı䣬÷ѧ书֮ϣңڡ

˼ӿУŲǰһѽõǰϸ֮£ź⡣
̧ͷȻЦԼǹͷûͷû֤˽ǷëϷ
ֻ˼£תͷȥ
Ľһ⺺ܻЦе˵
ĽЦҴûȻ⺺㿪ʼѧˣ
ٺ٣տʼأ겻˼Цæǰ죬ǡø꣬ʸˣ
ǹϲˡĽ˵ŷŻسѧ书ɻڴָտɴ
һ⣬ڰ֣ˣٷɻڴһõģ
Ľ˵ƹĺʶ㣬һϰ䣬ν÷ˡ
ǴĹͣЦ
ĽЦϴλʱ飬Щӳ٣ɫܺˣνǰ;Ҫġ
ǡЦҡͷΪȻӣȴ
Ľͷҡҡͷ̾˿
ЦĽ㲻ؼƾһѧ䣬ȱʮ껹ã
ҾǶ༸ôаĽҡͷЦһȥ
ʲô£ʡ
˵һ£ҪؼҿĽЦеĵ
Ŵ죺
㲻ѣҲǣһţ
ĽЦ㶼ʮˣҲȢŹһˡ
ɣҲȥҡͷѡ
ĽЦҰ㿴ˣǴʯżҵĹΣͻݣҲ֪ĸ֣治ȥĪҪڣ
ģһ¡
ĽЦ˵ٻ
ͷڨڨЦˣٺ٣ȥҲãһӶˣҪȢϱɣͲõҲˣ
ĽЦڰ֣ȥҵĲˡ
ȥߴߣ˳ȥ
һһľйĽǰ¡
ָţʨͷˮӣ⣬۹ȣĸزˣһٵˡ
ţǮҵĲǮۡĽľУһߣһ˵˻ȥӴߵü
֪һ͵Ȼ¥ǰȵĲȺУʧ

ĽľУȥҪǡ
ʵ۳ɮ˵λߣԺĴռذĶɮһǧׯϺƴ
Ľǻʵ
סӽҴ壬滷ɽͷɽɽɽһνξ£ԭһϺУŷԡ
Ľӣƶܻ
ʱŸĸȥξ㣬ϺУ¶âϺмۣϲΪ²ӡ
Ϊɮȥ˰Ϊ˼︺һߡ
ĸ䲻Ը⣬ȴܲסңҺܽʱܹţס꣬ϴܸɻˣٽ
ΪϺеĵӣһ쵽ڼˣֻԷʱ˯ʱ£ϺҲɵ
ʮʱϺзԼݺ׶ȥξֻһˣڣؼסȴʽģж뺣ˡɮ¼ġ
֮УУľȻУȻüͣ²ӣ·ԡ
¸ſһºУһΧǸ߸ģûᡣ
Ȼȴؤֵʢģڴ˯޴󰭣ˡ
Ľ˿ͷȻһξĺһȦ
ǰǺм򣺡λУôˣ
һһɶֱţһסŻ¡
һסˡ
ǺӲһ£̧ͷһųŧŧֶģˡ
Ľһֲû˴ģȷʵˡ
ʱҽѧʱһðҪĶ񼲣ܲ
ƽʱ£˶ܱ࣬Ȼңңô£ʲôˡ
־δ֪Ҳ޾塣
ƽʱĺγУȴһ˿֪лԵ֡
źе۾ʣôˣ
вΡΡƽͣʮһ񣺡ӷʱ޶࣬λСʦعˡ
Ľʮҡͷǲˣ͵ΣԺƬ̣
ٲһһشҽݣܿһλ߹
ߺӺڰ׼ӣò񳣬ᣬ׶У˫ţ·һֱڴ˯
˽ǰһ±ַſһǺУҡͷѡ
ĽЦЦϣȻˣͰæɣҽֻش
ҡͷۺһ̯֣̾ĽϷ飬λʦģϷʵΪ
ĽһüͷУϾͿҩɣ
ĽʲôҩҲûã߰ڰ֣תҪߡ
Ľε̾˿ûԶȥתУпʲôԸ
ƽҡҡͷɽҰˣԶ쳾ȥƤңǰ켫֣νʤϲ
ĽȻ𾴣ܿ͸ߣֺ֮޳־ϣƽС
ǾܳѲѣȴǿ˷˿־壬ܹ޳֮
룺Уҳξ£ɽˮ㣬вȥΣ
ҡͷطСʦˡ
ؿĽҲӶֱӱ󣬴ǳ˽ǡ
ŹٵһţһɽɽһׯҴ塣
ֱƹׯźӱ˶ߵİɽɽһд֣ξ¡
ξϱɽס磬ȴһõط
øɸɾȴܿ˲ٵ£ǽ޲ſ»


2 
ĽźУֱԺӣһﲼü򵥣һһһʣеõı죬ɾࡣ
ĽȽľзŵϣбţɵƴϣУҵӣӼªסգ
Ϻг˸ˣʮлˣδСʦţ
Ȼŧݣ͸һζ
Ľʮһ񣺡СɮտȻ
տȻʦļÿգˡϺ֣˵
ĽÿմʦؿҽﵱԼҰգֻһˣƽʱסɽ¼Уżչ붨
ÿϺеͷЩˡ
ĽľУ˳زˣҽ£ܶʦҽһ£ɡ
ָÿϺ˵˼仰ľгȥˡ
˳ξ£ɽȥһСɽȣ̤Ұߣ˰ףǰһСˮ̶
ˮ̶λɽб£͵İɽʯͷΧһԲֱףִԡ׳
̶ˮγɼף㣬ʯӣϸɳɼˮƮŵ·һɴ
źľУһõİ³ѣ¶ȳƵ壬һԾˮ̶ʱ¶顣
һȪʮһʱֵģɽȱƫƧˮ̶ڹаɽУ˺ѷ
ÿƣʱһݣƣ
ԶִܣһȪѾ㡣
һΣȴΪܣϺУȴʲôȾĶ񼲣ϴһϴٻȥôȾˡ
һʱųð򿪰ѣľɽصҴ塣
Ľ߷Ϊݣ᷿ɣȲϴĴԼңȴҲġ
Ľ÷Ǹִ£ӶʮĽÿνǣǱСɽĲһ˵ֵ׳׬ǮҲ٣ǵľˡ

ûңԶԶſվһʮ꣬ζ̴棬óʱ򣬶Ǿɫ˶
ĽкһǸϹȥ̰¶Цݡ
ЦӭϼӹľУһۣʲôȥˣŻ
Ľһˣ׿˳§סЦе¶ˣɻˣ
һ򣬴֣üЦݹãˣҰţȥˣ
ĽЦˣһ˰ɣ
˵Ż§ߣ̬ǡ
Ժӣӭһձڣմ󽭡
תȥԺӶǻԣռһʻ࿪ţ涷֣Ժмשɾࡣ
һʮżӣ޼֦רע棬Ųתͷӷࡣ
Ľ§ֱ˫ֱ棬һĽߵû
ĽЦ
һӣ¹ͷӣȥЪЪ
˵ţĽݣ֣߱ҡҡͷĸܶ
̾꣬ӣȥ޻֦רע
էݣ㴫һ𣺡
ĽǰһλŮ㷢磬֬մһ̻Ϣӡ
ĽߣһϮ°ɮۣסߣȴԽһͤͤƺݹա
㣡Ľ´ŵ㣬ЦеɸʤΪнѽ
ãŮǳЦ
Цأǽ˵ȥѲһ£
˵ľгȥˡ

ڱǽϹһɺͼһŰ̫ʦΣҸ̫ʦΣ̫ʦмǰƲ輸һɡ
ߵ̫ʦϣǰ㣬յһ
˵ɩֳˣŮ̾һ
Ľͷţһûˡ
ѽҡͷ
޴ͷܴβϣ㲻صġĽЦ
ҿţǰֲϣ̾˿ҡҡͷˣǰʦл㡣
ŶĽ˫һ
΢Цʦ˵Ѿ磬ɫˣϲɺء
ĽЦЦ˴յüӨ֮ס
ʦǺһ̾˵ûָ㣬磬磬ʵ޻۵ģǷˣתЦ
ĽǺЦȴȻѩӡйȻԼ䲻ȴתܴδʾˡ
һܣ죬Լ̬𵱳ʮԼ켸֡
ʦ̫˵ʲôĽЦʡ
ɫʦ˵㲻ٶȥˣ˳磬ޣþأħвͻΣա
ĽţͷҲд˸С
޳޵üë𣺡ϧʦеӣ
ҸԵ޿κΣĽЦŵͷ
㻹ЦذһۣЦʦ˵£ʦ¡
Ľҡͷлʦ̫⣬÷
÷ز⣬ü÷Ȼ÷Ǵ壬ӣźˣ
ۼСܵ˽⣬Լһ븸ĸԼСν֪֮ľţһҲ°쳣ºסˡ
СܣԼҲܰʦ£ʦᣬλ磬ǽǵ̫ؼˣҲҪݼ
Ľ˵÷һžѧнղ񹦡
ղ񹦣˼룬ʦ⹦򡭡
ʦ̫ô˵ĽЦʡ
سƬ̣ǰѧ˽ȶ֮˵˹Ļ۹ɮûɣ÷񹦣
Ľͷܲƭҡ
⹦ģüҡͷѣʦ˵ɼѣңž֮ûóɣȻҲɵġ
ҪԿĽЦЦ
ѽ㣬ǰص˰Σ̾ðɣȰ㣬֮ǲɣ뿪÷ʦ£
ĽͷӦ

Ų𣬽һŮӣ黨ѩ׵ĹӣСڣͦ˫ʳˡ
ԶһЦС壬أԷɡ
ɩӣԼλϣֱŤˣ
ûšæҡͷǿЦЦ
Ľ˵һƳ̾
Ҳ֣˽˵ӣúϧֱŤ
ɩ˴ϲƵŮνǧС㡣
뵱ɩ˼ﷴԣҪ޸磬ֵúңûĽְɣ
ǡغ޺޵ο¹ҪԹԻģ
ɩӣǿɣĽ
õģС壡æӦߣ·ӿ
Ľչ㣬ѽ͵֪ɣ
Ҳǹݣ
Ľڰ֣Ѷϼ££˵ģװˡ
ذһۣСӣģʲôƵģǲŮ
Ī˵ĽЦЦӭſڣӹϵľ̡
ľزˣ֭źľɫ˱ǣνɫζȫ˴Ρ
ǰæѲ˰ڵߵİϣЦЩǳȻ¥İգ
ЦŵͷСӳȻ¥ģҿÿ
صɩѾõˣͶ𣿳ＸҾ¥ҲͳȻ¥Ĳۣɩġ
Ľͷţɩӵĳղѷڶ㡣
һǱƳģذһۡ
ĽٺһЦȥæ˲ˣһ򣬸ĸҲһһ𣬿ʼԷ

ڶ꣬Ľ˵һȥ˰ɽ
һţʱ࣬һˣһѸͷһӣС
Ϊ꣬˶ſڼﲻûһˣֱ˰ɽ
ɽֶָߣ죬ɽ·ϱ们ƽأ߱˼
ղ񹦣ȴ˺Ӱ졣
ںСʱС˵ң٣һҲһΡ
磬ŷΣգȻ˺У̶ȼΣգԴϴٷˣһҪڵĻţҪ䡣
ż˵÷书ǽղ񹦣ȻĶ
ںС˵ֵĽղӡ̣Ȼ֪粻ͬ˽ղ񹦷Ǳ˽ղ񹦣͡
ɽ·ϣûȥξ£ǵºɽ
һֱߣɽȾͷͣɽǰһƬ٣¶һڣһ˸ߡ
ȥһԲʯңǿӶڵʮףѣɽ
ڿտյֻһżªľʲôҲụ̂ͷһڵһŷɵ
Ӥֱ۴֣һ۳һơ
ʮѷɵڴϣڻź⣬ÿɵͬ໮һɷǺÿ


3 
ͷһľܣһëһڲֲѡ
Ľë˲ͷһɫֲѣȻϴ÷˰ףȴ
ЬϥӲľϣö˫ǰӡϢһ
仺ϸ˿ƣ಻ϣ͵Ĳ˿
ӳ£ӽͣ¶һ˿΢ЦޣׯϣȺͣķмơ
ԽԽϸԽᣬȫͣסؿȴ޺ɽһƬżлѷž
ž֮Уʱţһʱȥ
˫Ŀɽ̶Ȫˮָ˫ǰ˼¡
֣Դͷγһɵʮ׿ǽڣӿݣСӡ
ǽԺɽԼڳģһһһ꣬ɽıԼҲڱҲԽνһá
÷ɵƺܹŹ֣ĴָסȫģƳ£˿ɵĴڡ
ǽĳһΨؿ΢΢ȳϸ
ֺȻһһĨڿһţ漴顱һ죬Ǵӻǽ
ǱɵѾǶʮǽϣһǽУһ¶ߡ
üһɵٴһĨ֮󣬷ɵʯǽС
˰˵ʮɵǽųһԲΣǳ
ȴҡҡͷ̾˿·⣬˴ʮɵγشͷ
˫΢֣һǰһ͵ĳǰһ̣ٶ죬͡죬·˺˵
һ£һ£һ£ظһǰ̣ǰ̣ͣǰ̣·еһ㡣
һ±һأһ±һ¿죬Ŀ嶯ֻһƬӰһӴƣԽԽ
ǹ˽ǧ£ٿһͣ£ë˲ͷ
һͷһ㺹飬Ծɾȣֲ
ëʼڳһƣ˫ȷֿͬ˫Ʒڴ࣬ѹԽԽء
ѧԺһ׽ʮ󾢣ǴϿģһ£ЩǿЧ
书󣬽ضذѩӡ£˽´书ȴûӦ˽й书ǽȥ书
ʱͿʼʮ󾢣Ȼ꣬ȴʮ꣬ϸĴĦӡ֤ʮ󾢼裬֪Уһ
ҲĪ֪ΪСˣΪĹͨ˼⣬Ŷ߽Ծߡ

ʱѾʼ򣬳ÿմ򣬾ʮ󾢣ɵǰ̡
ٿ֮䣬ʮعȥѳɫ磬ͷ飬ʮгɣɵҲ׼쳣Ψǰ̣ȴ⡣
֣ǿ磬ۿ壬ԼȻҲʮ꣬ȶԲһض
Ҳãǰһٷˣ׵ķŵˣΪһζ˳֣ûסһˡ
÷ƴ󣬴Ǹиִ£ȨƲС´ͨ˹ϵܰȻȻ⵽һ⡣
ºһתԼĹǿҪԱ书
һˣֻһɫɮۡ
˻ѳɽһƬͩҶɡסͷߣǰξ¡
껹£ξ¾ɽ·һɴΧӳⰻȻԵø⾲ס

ƿԺţ󲽴ԺӣԼǰߵͣסͩҶŵ̨ϡ
Ƭ̣һʦ
ʱ¾š
տȻʦڴÿմʦ
Ľüˡ
Žȥһɶ˱Ƕؿһ󷭹Ż¡
ɫ䣬룬ÿմʦڴϣ񴯣ǿɲĿȴһƽͣĽ
ĽתţǰʵʦɺЩˣ
ÿմʦͷĺöˣ˰ɣ
ǣСꡣĽͷ
ÿմʦ¶һ˿ЦݣտȻˮ࣬ͣʵ֮
ĽףȤһһ磬һҶһЦƫƫӶ
ǰÿմʦ̾Ϣһ˻һ绨ľ٣ֻС
Ľ״Ȱοʦкλкξ壬ӫģ
ĻʮأһӹѾӡÿմʦŴ̾Ϣ¶һ˿Ц⡣
Ľǰƿ˴
һ·ëףƵؿڶʱһȥŻ⣬зŵˮζĺš
СͣһӣÿմʦЦݸʢտȻʦѾӣҪ
Ľһתȥʦ
ÿմʦҡҡͷ΢΢Ца޳ɣԵòȴȥֻһ׮δˣջ
Ľʦк£вǲ֮ƾԸ
ÿմʦ΢Ц̾տȻʦν⣡
Լһ񴯣Ѭˣڽ죬ᣬΨտȻӶûһŴȱģ
ѵõǣտȻзΪԼĳλҴת

ÿմʦӻͳһĲӣŵϣⱾվãȴһֱŶ룬տȻʦǻ۹ˣɲһδܲơ
Ľɻȥ
ÿմʦʮһ񣬻ıǴµӣƽ䱻£ȥΪΨһԸǹǻܹڴ·ڣտȻʦȫ
Ľʣ£ںδ
ÿմʦ΢Цҡͷ񲻸ƽ꣬գԺȣһһ֣·Էһ㡣
ʦĽòס
˵˵ÿմʦҡͷ΢Ц˫ش·䣬漴һƬ壬ȻĿ
ĽۣҪ̴㣬ǰһź˸һŻڻԾ
Ƭ̺󣬺⻺ȥڻָ糣
ۣƴӰΨһ̴飬֮۴С״解⻪ת
Ľ̾Ϣһҡҡͷû뵽ÿմʦ㼱
ӣ糣˵Ĺǻңӹ⻪תÿմʦס
Ľδ¶죬Σʦʱһ磬ˣپȥһΣɻΪһ⣬ȫʧ


4 Ź
Ľ̾Ϣһ뿪
ܿһ̴ֻľϻһ߼ݽϵսȥŵ㡣
˼ݣľϻŵǰİϡ
ȻǱӣûŷˣǴ̴飬յǰϸ
ʱڵԽԽŨ㣬ƮУʱһˬ·ճĸо
鹲ʮСƣ۴Сϸ⻬һ͹⣬Լһֵ
ޣżһϸʲô
ģֻľ壬ƽĽѴ磬оԶʤˣ
⴮֮ЧԳ˶ԣô󣬴ֻƽͰˣԣȴ洦
δ˼ңԾҹΣ˼޵ϸ죬˿ơ
⴮徲һŶ飬ϸס˴ҵ˼ȴɶס
룬·飬ʮһȻҵԼϡ
û˵£ԺҲҪѰ⴮Լţ˵ԵңԼҲô
ڶ߾벻ȴϣһأ˽أǿ
ϵķʦûЧֻѰ̴ľˡ
ţĽǱӡ
ܱÿմʦһֱŵģֲ͸ģزʲôڴ
ϥƴȲ򿪣ϸϸӵĲʹŹֽֽ֣Ʋǲ֪ơ
֮ȴס嶯ᣬоԼĺȻ˲Լ¹ش
ϸϸ
ʧЦһҳѣЩˣʤѰֽŵҳӳһͼ

һ޴ںʢһϥھ޴ϣâһ̫âס٣һ
â֮УԼɼö˫ֽӡׯϡ
˫۽գ붨״ͷһֻۣؿһ࣬Ľȥƺת
סһת
ģû㱣ֻԣ޲ԶˣԽԽᣬƮƮɣͶա
˫شһɣӻ䴲ϣ˫Ѹٽӡ漴סһһжͣסѪҺ˼ά·ֹͣˡ
ʱׯ£д
ʱɿӡ۾Ŀͣɫȴ·һ
һգ˵ԼһˣѾˡ
磬м֮ػþѹħŽɫ硣
ྭ־ʯܼʱѾʧڳ֮У԰Σ³ǻɢ
ɨһͼȴĶסûתղһнԴ
üͷ˼⣬˵ÿմʦẦԼͼȷʵŹ֣ʲôܡ
¿ͼһ֣ģʦѧģϵ⼸֣վ
˼⼸֣ˣվǹգǹۣգ
ȥ׽⼸֣⼸ͼܣվʲô书š
о񣬳˿ܸоȴһׯأƴ󣬾а
ѲԼԣ
վдͣѵԺйͼܳ˶صţҲԡ
뵽ϸϸһͼº˫ֽӡϱǶϢٴν֮

һӹٿĹȥۣüͷ
ίʵŹ֣ͼ޷룬ۣŬ룬ǰȴһƬڰ·޾ա
Ѱ۾ǰһƬƽʱ붨ۣǰȴһƬԡ£
ȴ˺ڰһ·ȥ˳ˡ
룬ֱ۾ٴ붨ܿǰͣ泩ޱȣ붨һ޶
۾˿˿ͼйŹ֡
һʱҲã༱н֮ģƽĺָѱ
ϸͣЪ̫֮£
ξµĿģΧߴߴʹ徲ȴʧ
ߣʮ׵бһƽأһʯⶥԲͬߣֱһףʵ޻
С̴ľϻŵУѾһֻľϻ
źúʯʮһʦʦԸ켫꣬Ϊѡ
Ȼת뿪ɽ¶ȥ

µĿзζϷ̣ǵ緹ʱˡ
Ƕܳ׷֣Ц࣬ˮܣ̤ˮ첻ѡ
ʱдǸߺȣеǻӻؼҳԷеǺ֣ʪѡ
СǼĽǺʮһ鹧
ʵ۳ɮڴܳλߣĽƽʱݣգһɵõɮķ緶ڴλҲߡ
ĽһһʮһԲ²ͣһص˼ң˳¶Цݡ
ŽȥվŸӣ˫֣Ż棬һ۵ģ
߹ȥЦ⣬οͽģ
֪ۻ䱻ˡ
תһ۾Сӣһף¸ҽ
úã˰ɣĽЦ
ţǰŸսţӵͷϵĻ꣬һۡ
ĽЦƼҪ˵ˣ
ңӱһߣȴѸһƳݡ
ĽæЦݣװʲôûƵȴЦѣɫȥƴ磡
һæһ֣ѹСһ²ˣʲô֣
ĽЦЦԸ˱ٳ
ҡͷ̾ŵӶˣүүеǸѽϼһһ쵽ǰ԰ڡ
ѽӻеġĽæתߡ
׵һ׻Ѿ꣬ͻԹ㲻ȥУҪȥڶˣϴӣҲɰ
ݣ¶Цݣ磡

ݰԱһ꣬ʮ꣬ģĿǣʵ治ӡ
һĨСӣֳȣţ϶ŲյƲ
Ļ̌ͷ˫۾ֱ͸ģͷȥˣ
ĽŴĽ磬̾һ˲ţֲôɩģҪ޸վһɲŮò֮ϣ
Ľȥ£Цŵͷţȥɨһ£ⳡµúۡ
ֵ˸鼫ã֮䣬˵Ҳࡣ
ѾŪˡĽ²յξ͸һȥɡ
Ľϲ裬Цûʱգ
ĽҪʮһ¿Ҹͳ˵㣬Ȳȹȥ
ðлˡĽЦŵͷ
˼һתǴǽͳǰݿԼǵýͳȻ˽ӣϲԼ
ͳҲǸ֮ˣֻҪб£ദ
ҿʲôĽڰ֣ɫڣʲô¶һ֣οɱҴˣʲô¶ó
ĽͷЦŴӦã
ֵ˵ŻɩԷˣ
һ黨صӳˣֻĽ·ûĽˡ
Ľҡͷ˻ֱŤûܺϽ⣬ίʵˡ
Цеĵãɩܶա
Ͻϴ֣һۣһŤȥˡ
ĽΪ⣬ǺЦЦյǰ磬λûӵɩ
ʲôĽһ
֬ˮĽҡҡͷεԼţ١
磬ŷȲŮȴǸģ·һһۡ
ɩǧС㣬ųˣȴҲƢģ˴һίʵ鷳
ҲһëĽڰ֣Žüߵ
ĽЦ磬ŮһʶģܺžͺţҺ
ҿûǹ򣡡Ľһأ˵ˣɨˣ
ĽӲǱӣŭ壬֪Ȱ棬ȥģֻܳ̾һ졣

ʲôߣĽĸϴ
ʱһ߳ԷĽҪĽһȥ÷϶ʱʧе
һͣ˵ϸһɴҹ緶ô
Ľ¿ӣ֣Цȥ÷ֲǱ𴦣ô˵ͻˣңдأ
ϳ֣һۣߵô˵߾ߣɣҪȥȹȥ
Ľ缱æѵã̫
ûĺߵҿ᲻ôȥ
ȻʮˣȴСŮĵʱʱŮУĽǳ谮
㿴Ľӡ
ӿһ¿ӣͷ㶼ôˣ»ܵô˵һҲи׼
ⲻǡĽҪ⡣
ĽæˣЦǣ˵ǣԹңû˵
ʮߣʲôԹϴ󣡡Ϻߵ
ãǣԹңĽЦҡҡͷ
ĽЦЦǵ⣬ǵһۡ
Ľо棬ԼеɮλףڸĸǰԼԶС
ͷ΢Ц


5 븮
ϰĽһۣߵúõģĶ÷
ĽЦҡͷ̾ȴֱ磬֪˵ҲȻĸҧ֣ͨġ
һ֣ȥ÷Ҳ޳ɣ
ҵģ㡭Թ
ӳж־ķҲˣ˩ߣóȥһˣң÷ҲԶʱܻˣȥ
ôСܿô죬۸ô죿ϵǵĿĽü
΢ЦСһֻ۸ˣ˭۸
ǣĽæͷ
϶ʱ۾ЦˣĽĹͷĵ⵹ҲǣԲ˿
Ľ׽ס֣ͷЦǻдǸִ£λȨأڴϣ˭۸ң
ѽҡҡͷε̾˿
һĽ磬̾ϴ·³ֱ˽ָչף
ĽæİգҲ۸ģ
ϰһۣ۸Ҿˣ
úãİգĽæͷ
ô˵ǴӦĽЦ
̾˿ѽӲˣһֱԶ߸߷ɣ̫ˣܲ
ĽЦ
ðɺðɣ߾߰ɣӣϰڰ֣Ȼ˵
ĽЦĸˣƢǵ֮ƿԡ
˵һѺûֽһЦôЦҲ̲סЦˣɿڣӦˡ
ĸͬˣһĸТһĸˣӺţһĸӸܼ֡
Ľ簵ԳһСܸɣεĸ׵ģΨСˣĸ׵ĵ꣬ԼӦĸεͷ󺹣һ㡣

ڶ磬Ľú磬һݣԺڵıȻСܴڵĵ
˸أ
ȥˡרעƻŻϹ޵΢Ц
Ľ紹վһԹۿ׵˵ʦմʦЧǷǿ壬١
űŤڣʵżȻһֱȰԼԼȴһֱûѧԼ÷һЩǳ书ۼǿ壬ǿöࡣ
ĸѧζ˵֮󣬻ϴһˮ裬˯Ҳˣһֱţʮˡ
׵ȷʵЧʮ꣬϶ûùʲôԽԽˡ
ݣʰøɾ䣬Ŷˣ֫ĵԽϸ
ʼæɨԺӣܿɨˣݿʼʱһˮԺ
һܴߣһˮȴɵúܣŲӯɵ˦Ÿ첲
Ľæӭȥӹӣô
ĽӹȥһЦ⼸궼ˮͲˣһԣඣ
㶼ˣĽҡͷˮ
ϰһۣЦˣϴǲ˵Ҳ֪ôϵĸִ¡
ѽǳܣӻƣһۡ
ЦЦ˭ȥģ˯Ⱦ
Ӻһתݡ
Ľɫɮ£ϵһ飬ͷ⣬˫۾
Ҫȥ÷Ϲȥ֡
ĽͷεΣ㶼û˯
ĽЦŴӦˡ
ѾȥξΣȻɣȲɣƽȴ顣
Թ˷ֵ˾뿪Ҵ壬ǰǡ

÷λڽģڳȻ¥漸ףеĴָһ֣Ȳ壬ֲľ
ĽȻ÷Ǹִ£˽Ľȴδ
һΡĸۡǰĽۣ̾
ţָֿѰ˼ҵվǰĽоһɭɭƣһŻͭԲŹ⣬ӳۻ
ǰվĸִĺӣ꣬꣬Ŀ࣬˫Ʊˣ·ʱεɱˡ
һۣСֱӳ亹
վǰĸӹ񣺡ִ£
Ľڰ֣תͷڴܵĽЦЦˣǽȥɣ
ĽͷŶߵĲŽȥһǰһȻһƬƺƵĺˮ峿մԣضʱһ
һȥ̲죬ԼɼӰȴҴ廹󼸷֡
һСƣӳŽǽߣ¥СͤӰӰ´£һ紵ǧ֦һƮȣ̡
ҲΧΧԲףмǺĺˮɫʤա
ԺΪģźߣĽ¥̨ͤɽľ˴ӳ羰¡
Ľѿ̾õط
ĽЦЦЩ⣺÷ˣ˺֮ȥ䳡Ǳߣ
˵ţߣһţһƬأĽȻͬ
յϰ׷Բ򳡴СĿӿ˵ơ
Ǹһζ룬ģеİϢеĲʱһߺȣеĻͣĴȣ״Ʒ廨ţǧٹ֡
ĽɨһۣĿֱӻˣӹ̨ϵĴ󺺣ͣڽ£ͷŵ棬Żһ㡣
ⳡǺʵĻ࣬һϳˣ⾹ݻࡣ
ݻڴܳ겻Ţɹ̣·ࡣ
Щף䳡βששȻֵƣݻȴСױȴס

𷢴ǹȥĽ糶һѡ
ŶáĻ̌ͷĽм·ǰˣĸ̨ϡ
һߺȣըףĽŲһ٣ֽߣĽȴδţŲͣ
һߣתͷһۣȴʮԶһŴ󵶣Ϯˡ
Ȼ겢ǹ⣬ֻʱ̲סȣĽܿƿĿ⣬²ͣĽϸ̨
̨Σһ˶ߣʮףվһ󺺣էһȥ·һͷܡ
Ŀ֮΢գһűɫڣһȴѩףɭɭˡ
֣ͷˣӥС
ĽȭӭЦִ¿ϡͣλܰգ
Ľ籧ȭǹͳ죬ĽտȻ
ͳ졣Ľʮһ
ͳʮһЦտȻСʦضִ˵СʦҪǸУҲǣ
Ľͷǡ
ͳǺЦǱһΣ
áĽϧ


6 
ͳ챳˫֣´ЦеĵɣƵöң㼰񣬲ؿģֱ븮
Ľͷ̤˫ִϽͳ˫ѣᰴ£˵ʼɣ
ɣͳ˫һһλ˫ԲŭĽ
˼⣬ִ·˵ʵڣӲԴ󻰣˵ˡ
ԼǴʿȴҴ⣬﷭˴СȡЦ
ŭԲһɭɭʱӿʣĽֻûһ䣬Ī
Ľо񣬾һ̵Ŀڣ˵ܣЩѡ
һһɳĸоԺ˫֣͵һơ
ãͳһӻ˻Σסˡ
ȺͻȻմһһ¸ס䳡·𶼲˲
Ƿ׷ͣ£̧ͷ漴¶ȱ顣
Уһƽͳ죬֪ͳϷʵ˭ҲƲ
ʱȻͳϷûʲô飬ƽƽģ
ͳıȴܷḻԲŭɲɫǳ
Ǹоͳ·磬Ƶᣬ⣬ͳȴ˹ܳˡ
ȴ֪ĽҲó˳̵ֻһвɫš
ããȻСͳҧһһִĳ˵ˡ
ĽȻ΢΢һЦ˫ۡ
ؿھһش
ǽһ䣬ࡢׯأ岻ֱͦһ޴ΡķڸǰĪׯ֮С
һǴ䣬ֿѰɮȻͬ¶ࡣ
ͳһ𣬹ĵѺȻȥϣ·Ƥһɫ䣬ӻ˻Σ˺һ

Ľ֮˺һ˫ֺʮһ񣺡ã
ãããͳЦ̾ͷѣտȻȻˣ
ĽһҡͷЦʹթûߺȣƲͳġ
濴ʵ˳һʵ˵ģƭϤȴ֪۶䲻⣬Լܵɸִ£Щ⡣
Ȼסˣͣڵשϡ
שѿ·úأмӵܣ飬ש
שǸղŽͳվλá
ͳ죬Ľȥ
ͳЦ˵㻰ȻտȻʦƵöңȻˣԺգ
Ժ⡭ĽһǾȣЩɡ
ĽҲóԾǰ÷·ϣԼ͹÷յĵӣԺ࣬诣ᣬȨ⣬ҡ⣬λҲͬ
һϡ٣һ츳žޣԺеλȻԶʤԺ
ȨԺеӣ⿪ҡΪŮӣλͬͨÿεĴȾߵͣΣٺ»
ӸԺгʦܳΪĻ
̸ԺʱԺƳ粻ѣ˵ԺյӣȱģʮҲֻ˶ѣǽ¾ҪʦˣһʦǸеĶãܳΪ÷ĺ
÷յӣʮͯӣʮ겻գԼ󣬴ϰʱԼ棬
÷ҪгԿ׼ȱҪӵĿ̿࣬ȱ˸Ŭ׷˼ҡ
һ·ϴ߶߶ԶƽյأĽ°ЦԼҪţ

Ժͳڰ֣ЦտȻˣҿҲǸˣԼĥѳɸ֣
°ԼҲտȻȴԶˣνԼʹּ߷
ѷʮڹָ֣书ʽϾһλ֣
Ժ̫ţ
лͳ죡Ľʮһ
ͳǰЦеĵҽн̩Ժ书Ҵڣ
ǡĽͷ
ִ£һõܵܣҿɺĽѽ̩תͷ
ĽǿЦݣȣһɵû뵽óպͽͳˣ
ģһϸҪģտȻɣ̩ظͷתͷЦŷԸһ
תͷ˫ŭˣһʲôǣˣ
ըףĵһæɢصԭλʼָա
̩һתֻЦߣȥԺ
˵գת˸̨лĴˣǵţźߣ涵֦ӶֻܼС
ĽԴͷڽ̩󣬴䳡ʱһ̽ĿϣĪѹ
ɫׯϣһɸɮȣݻУ䳡һԲĸڽ̩󣬵ǵһԺӡ
ԺǷΣʮףΧǽֱ죬վԺпɾ⣺ϼһһ̵
ӣһ䣬Ŷ¡
ԺмһȣɶԲţϻһɻĵõ壬Լƣɫޡ
ˮĴʯ滺
Ľ¶һ˿΢Цҹǹ⣬Ų˵ʵĪܡ
ĿתԺһû˱߿ɲ죬֦ҶïשһЩڵˮ¡
Ľȴ֪ǻҶε֭ѲɾģξԺҲһûô
һϲ

̩վڻ£һأ
Ǻǣͳݹ٣ԣδ䣬ſ߳һ꣬Լжʮ꣬ŨüۣòӢΰһЦݡ
ɽһڣ̩һۡ
ӢΰЦеʦǰˣʦξʦ糿ճһڡ
һûһʱ򣡡̩һתһָĽǵʦܣĽտȻ
Ӣΰһ漴Цűȭһ񣺡ԭʦܣһᣬһᣬɽ
Ľʮһ񣺡ʦ֣
ɽҲĳ˫ֺʮЦͽҶʦְɣұ㻽ʦܣΣ
ǣʦ֡Ľͷ΢΢Ц
̩ӻͳһӣĽտȻķƣʲôľɽٸϸ
ĽӦһӹ˷ƵСӣûҳֽСд׭֣Ԫ
̩мǲ⴫ɽտȻͽϤһ£
ҾǣͳģɽЦ
ͳ죬һ֮롣ĽȻڡ
̩Ųһ٣תĿһ˵
Ľ˵ҼýӵĽų̣ؼ˯ɷ񣿡
̩һüͷ𣺡ؼ˯֣
ɽ΢Цʦܣ֮ʣҪĳǣרעܷ˵ģǴﶼסڸʦȥסĪʲôԣ
ĽһЦǸм
ͳ쿴ǸƢһţԼҪһڣɫϱˣҪ𣬺ɽǡ˵˻֮
ĽֽˣСңΨһڸĸߣȻ뿪¡
ԭʦһƬТģɽͷת̩ͳ㿴ʦܸô
̩üƬ̺ߵãҴӦˣǣߣ㣬͵ùԹԻס
лͳ죡Ľصͷ
ɽ˿ֿ̩˿ĽЦҡͷ
̩ûĺһǶȥ

ͳĺܿʦܣɽջĿ⣬תĽ̾ǱƢû̫߳
Ľ΢Цʮлʦˣ
ɽǺЦڰ֣ӽԺǾһˣЩ׾Ͳˣ
ǡĽͷ
ԺȻӹţλʦȻᣬȴǸüͨ͸СһˣͶмˡ
Ϊˣ죬ҲļӲΪţ䲻ʦֵĺøУȴδʧѡ
ߣҴúùһ䣡ɽЦǰ·СԺ߶ȥ
һһ߽˵羰续ʤգһֱ߹Ժ诣ᣬȨ⣬ҡ⡣
Ժķ羰ҲźԶһ
һʱջصԺУųγĺ档
ɽ̾ʦܣĪΪͳô˵Ҫһ㣬ţ
ʦܴûգɽʡ
ĽͷԿΪûµʱҲøϹȻڹȴû
ǿ鷳ˣɽü֣Ƭ̣ʦܣһҲܵˣھͿʼգ


7 
ĽͷóСӣʼġ
ӹ棬˵ˬԼתĸ̡
ɽ۾ЦݣС
ȴڰ˼⣬λʦȳɽν֮
ǵõԼõⱾԪʱļͣϾͿʼУһҲ鲻á
Լι䣬죬߱Ժ뿴ԵΣǳ꣬˿۶ԼԶԶӡ
ⶼһʱȥˣ˿ͷ°ȻֱԼ̲סˣŲóԪ
Ľӡ
һҳƪдȼУ죬£򶨣̣ȣ򳤣ˣ졣켸ϣؼ¡˳
ĽüĪЩֶϵãһȴһƬԺﷴ׽飬Լ
·飬ִᣬֲ飬һһ죬˼ĿƿԶ档
ɽۣЦʦܣͷ⼸˰ɣ
ŵ⼸Ԫܸ٣ν飡ʦھѣպˣˮ˵ףˮ᲻ģȿա
Ľף˼
ǰһ棬һӴ䣬굽£ʼѿأϡ
졢¡̡ȡ̡
˺һһƣĪǣһֻأ
ԹƪڶƪǾ޷ɽ˼ЦǺָָ
Ľ룬ڶҳƪǳԵúܣ֮ǳ׶һͻᣬֲýͳĽԼ
ǲǾü򵥣ɽƺ롣
Ľͷѧѣصкܶؽڣͳָգ
ǺǣʦܹȻɽЦ
Ī򵥣ǳ£ʮߣԪףȴ賤ѵ
Ľף˼⣬ƺԱ˿ܺѣԼȻ
ԼžǴʼ붨ʱֹͣڱǺֻԵϣëɡ
ԺĿƣԶʤˡ

󣬺ɽϸϸָ㣬һһйϣֻҪĽȿɣȻ뿪
Ľֻǳ΢Цлصݣ۾ʼɡ
룬ڵͣһ棬Ƭ̺³ʮ֣³߷֣ȫ¾һ֮أ֮
ˮγˮɼһſŵСʯӣԲɫ죬ˮӳø
촵˺ˮϢθ˵Ľֻһܡ
һһɣܿ붨ĺγһ㣬ÿһ˿ͷ֣Ρ
ȫںϣһ統޳֮УֻһͷһһɣϢһһʮߡ
֪˶ãģ･ůͣ·һϢůڵģξºȪ
ĺξһϢԽϸ΢
ڷҶԣࣺ࣬࣬࣬Ϣࡣ
ǰĴϸ֣Գһ磬˵ĺȻķ磬磬磬磬΢磬Ӧźࡣ
˺˺е࣬ѴϢ࣬ԴȻ졣
ʱţԽůȣ綦֮ˮϱȣԽԽȣˡ
ʱԲȣͷרעɣʮߣϸȣ಻˿

ȻѨһ£֮ʱΪһֱ£ˮйϻȴٿͣסˣһһȻƶֹ
ƲһŻڻ
Ʋȴ岻֮
ԺкȻƪܸ٣죬£򶨣̡
ʱ⼸Ȼ
¶һ˿΢ЦоΪϤȻ
֮ڰͨϢתͨζ䲻ȴס
ٴξֻصɶԷ֮ˡ
ȣ򳤣ˣ죬ˣȫ⼸䡣
ָרעɣ꣬ȵϢͣԽԽǣǣ緢Ļɽ
֪˶ãأѨһۣڿնԾ죬ֱϣβ̡мһ·ȥ
䡭߾ը죬¡ѣǰضɽҡ
ֱٻѨ˼ϢٻѨ΢΢ͣȻ
ٻѨ֮һһˮ¡
ˮ룬ٻѨеıأ·ƻΪ꣬ʮ¥ֱ£ٲкǧߣڵ
ע룬Ѹٽ£ȱ㣬䲻ȣůڵģԣ޲ú˯ȥ
΢֮УһٱˣϢ׳˲١
ȻԼʱдͨѭ죬δͨ뿿ع¥һ¡
ʱƮƮķ·Ϊƣ·ܽԼߡ
飬ɣֱֳ֮һСˣ»أ¥ѭһ졣
ػصСѷȣ׳ķ֣΢΢ᷢ飬Ƥ
˹վⲽԪ
Ԫܱǰܸ٣ҳдź֮Ҫİˣȴûᡣ

ε̾˿Ľ񣬴¼ãúһʽͳˣһ壬쳣
ƮƮģǲ޻ϣӯ·Ƚһͻ׺װһɳ졣
޲÷йһȭȥȴֵӲֵһ
һ˲Ϩ˷йⲽڷ쳣Ӧ仯
˽һʱͣ½Ųƽ
̧Զ¶һ˿΢ЦҲǿˡ
֦϶Уĵϵķܵķˮɼһһֻϣİһ׷
ٱʤڳˣʱʤ
ǺԶȻЦ
Ųٽ˽Ժһ̤ͣסˣ˫˫Ľâ˸
ף˭ô˲ܽģһԲʡ
ĽղŴЦ
һɫͷϵһΰһöָ͸Ÿ
װ֣ԲԲϺⲻ٣׶ݺݵĵĽ
λ̨մԺкιɣһ걧˱ȭ΢Цʵ
Ҳ޳񣬽üĿӢˣվһٷʵһλӡ
Ľ̾һ֮òѷԼ硣
漴üҿ˿ףʦأ


8 
ǺǣģãǵʦܣɽųЦŽܡ
ʦܣһԲߵԺĸˣʦܰ
ɽЦģҪ룡ʦܽյͳģˣ
Ӵô˵ʦǿϲɺۣԲĵ
ĽţɫԴˡ
ˣģɽڰ֣תʦܣǸˣ
Բʦ֣ɾͲ̫صôʦܸǰأ
ɽҡҡͷָָӢ꣬Цʦܱ¼֣磬ξ
һָĽʦĽտȻ
ĽԪʮһ񣺡տȻʦ֣ʦ֡
ʦܲؿʦֳʮһ΢Ц
ʦξҲʮһЦеʣ˵ʦܣУǼٺУ
Ľ΢Ц˳ξ·ɣɮ¼
ɮ¼˴ܳȺɮļ¼¼ɮ˵ݣηɮ˵ĳ¹ҵ뺣ٲɮ¼
ɮ¼ϲ鲻Ϊðɱͷ֮
ܳɮ˵λߣۣԱٸܹʣԺ
ξЦæʮһ֣صԭǳξµķɴʦʧˣ
ʦֲؿĽʮЦ
ξʣ֪ʦܿ˵Դʦ
ĽȻʮʦ
ʦܾǷԴʦĵӣξһ
ĽͷʦֻһӣԲź󣬳ξһˡ
ξʣʦܣеúúõģξµķ̫ãΪˣ
У·ѡ
ξȻƫƧϾһµķɣλ磬Զʤ÷ĵӡ
Ľ̾˿ǰһӣһؼҵ·ٷˣʧ֮ɱˣһ
ʲôξæʡ
Ľ̾𷨹նҲܣҪҪ书ġ
⵹Ҳǣξͷ
Ľң޳ַ𷨣ǽоһ;·ɺ쳾ģɷ𡣡
ʦܺǣǣξ̾ǷԴʦĸߵܣ
ɽҲ̾
ʦϵʦĽʡ
ξСʱһֲ˭ҲβãԴʦΪоҹһºˣʦȱΪΪˣ˵õɮһţȳʦúȥξϸ㣬û뵽
Ľףɫ£ʦ֣ƺڳԼ΢Ц˼糱ӿĿڡ
תͷЦʦ֣ǽȥȻ¥ףʦܼԺΣ
ɽ˿ĽֵʦֻףңɫҲˣʦҪؼҵġ
һͷˮĽѾԺɣôֻؼң
Ǻɽǰ½һ飬꣬ǹŹ֡
ξٺЦͳҲǣɲ벻Ӧ˵ˣαôӣǹ֣
ҲЦͳֱֱȥ˹Ȼǻģ
ٺ٣һ¡㡭ξҡͷѣĿһĽʦܣǺúϧǰɣ£͵ûסඣǺǣؼҰɣ糿
ĽЦЦٶ˵˺ʮһƮȻȥ

翴ĽʧıӰЦλʦܣҲλɾ䣡
ξһۣԴʦĵӣܲˣ
漴ƲƲ죺ͳҲ̫صˣԪǹŹֵúܣǿ˰ֻ꣬ڶ㣬Ҫʦһ㣬
ЦЦû˵
ɽڰ֣ͳֱӣŸɮ³в˼ͨʦʦͽС
ξ٣ʦ㾻˵β̡мѣˣܳȥģһأ˨죬ǴʦǰţҲͨ
ͷţʦϸҲ澭
ϧͳһƬģɽźĳ̾һ
ҡͷҲû취Ԫίʵ̫ѣңҲǿԺĵӣܲһֱԺͷɣ
ξ˷ܵٺ٣ǣԪǸ˵ĶԴǲԪüҽʰԺһŽһʹţ
ִˣɽü
ٺ٣ٺ٣㲻ϴܣдһ£÷дǲʦ֣ξæЦ
ţдһ¶ѣûʲôˡ΢Ц
ɽҡҡͷôʦ֪ˡ
ģʦֵʮܻţξæϻ
æֲ⣺ʦּʮ꣬Ѿ˲ˣ֪ʦֶܼá
ʦҪˣͳĸʧһֱǼڣһΣβŹʦܵģ
Ԫ治ģˣһ꣬˼һ£ζɲܣξҡͷ̾ǿʦܰ
ʦܣԪȷʵǶķʲðգȻޱķͻͽһǧģɽ
ξƲƲ죬ָָ£Ժʲã¼仹˭ʹãû㿴ʦּôãջǸ澭ˣ
죬˵ġɽ
ξߵ̥￪ʼſڶʮǰ㣡
˵棬ǿʦպıְգֵתݡ

Ľ뿪÷ʱſڵĸ΢Цĸͷһ˿Ц
ϰէȻ΢Ц޲ࡣ
Ľ˳ȥ˳Ȼ¥
ɫ磬̫ɽȻ¥ȴѾƻԻͣ˿֮Ʈĸ
ڳȻ¥ǰһվӭ͵һС˱ܡ
ܿ죬ӳȻ¥һɫͨ覣ĵ鶯˲Ųס
һԶԶĳĽĽһ£ȥ·һȥ
Ľڰ֣±ɣյȻ¥棬һһɫȸղصöࡣ
˽УϦУ˽ǡ
ɽС·϶ϼ£Ⱦ˺ɫĽ˵˽֮¡
ģĽҲ÷
ĽЦЦţ븮
һԺæʡ
ԺĽЦ
һС۾Բ
漴ֵͷҲѹ֣ִԺҲ֣Ժ
һôɡĽЦЦ
æҡͷȥԺãԺɹܲඣ
ֵƹĸ˵µףҾȥԺඣдĸţ
Ľ˵ֵ˰ɣ
ţһˣܻĽͷ
ЦǼ˻ԶĿζɣ
УɹòĽЦЦ
ʱüЦҾ֪ϲ
һ˵һ߸·Ľ磬书Ҳٶȷɿ죬һҴ塣

ҴڵУҼһʼˣûԼļңȸĽȥҡ
˽Ժʱ̫δɽϼСԺӳͨ죬ãеĻ使޶ˡ
ԺվһӰӨһϮ°ɮۣȾһ˿̳Ϣ·ء
صô
ֵƳһСڳȻ¥ðɣ
㡣ʱ࣬ͷͰ͡
ȻڳȻ¥еߣˣǰɬѲظǰԾýţ˵ȫ
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лʦ̫ˡĽЦЦߣﻹдɩأ
һƳЦЦȥСˣϱȥϱˡ
ĽǺЦϱˣϽȥ
ͷ࣬ҿأҡҡ
Ľ򣺡ѽ͸Ͻ߰ɣĪҪӲˣ
ǡǺðɣ㣬ˣݺݵĽһۣɿ˵Ȼһ̶ˡ
ĽǺЦͣüɵЦʲô
ĽЦҡͷҲ֪ܲܰģ˶ǰɲۣ
˵ôˣ÷ذһۣʵ
ȻĽͷͷͦأҲ˭ĵܵܣ
ܵܣҿɵùЦʦ߶һ죬һֱ˵̫ϧˣһ޶˵ܳɷģҿɴûʦ߶
ʦ̫߯߿ˣĽæ֡
صʦ˵꣬Ҳմ֮ˣΪģǴָܳ
áĽҡͷ
⻰˵óϿңҲ룬֮أϲ㶨
֮䣬޴£оֻ֮һһѻͷԵɣתˣȷʵ֮

ص÷ԺĸԺÿˣ
ĽЦԺͳӦˡ
ţͺãҪȻﶨҪĵģҵȥʦûô᲻ãЦҡͷ
ƽ֪Ժѽһ㡣
ˣǻĽЦ
εҲƫģʲô
šĢɣɩըܲֻ򡣡Ľ
ãĢЦɩ޹ǰĸɹѾǴˣ
˵Ż˳ϵ黨Χȹ
ۺ黨Χȹ°ɮϣмֹŹ֣˼ĽЦЦӣ˵ƣůĵƹоԪ
һоһɣֻů泩ԡ


9 
ɣԽůȪУԭɹһ㣬Ǽ¡
ů֮ɣʼζѭһܣ΢ůڵ
һٴ֮Уͣס
ֻǣһΣٻѨȴûи¶£ҲûǰѸͣǺԵʣ
Ľ˼Ƭ̣˼
°˫ֽӡҪ붨ȴһЦǴɩҡҡͷ˫ֽӡ뿪ӡ
һ¸Աڳ壬ʱЦ
»СԺȴһĿΧһԲԣľԲڷڻԣơ
ӣϣһ߳ˮһ˵лȻڣȻ
¶Цݣһ֣
Ľ߹ȥ£һһ໨ѣˣ΢ЦͷС
÷ȥ˰ɣЦӯӯʡ
Ľͷӹݹһϡ
ãȻ˸ͺúŬһЩĪ˿ˡ
ĽЦİգҲﶪģ
ЦǽĹ࣬ҲŲء
̾˿ҡҡͷСϱѽòҲãǸͻϱǲ
ɣĽͷһϣЦ
ӿһߵС⺢ҲϢˣǰһС棬ǰ£һգ۹ҲҪɼҵ
ĽЦЦӲһأذһۣΣæǳԷɣ
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Цҡͷûأű𶯣ȥ
ӯӯظһ˳
ĽûӹӽŻҡͷ̾㿴СҲҪȢϱˣܱˣ
ĽЦ⻰ǶԴ˵գ
ߣӲˣͲͷӵĻˣӺߵ
ĽЦԩˣִ¾ˣȻҲӲˣαظһʶ
̾ϧ㲻ܻˣҪȻҲóˣ
ϵͷӣͱˣʵȥµگ飬в׼׵ģͶͷգ
ҡͷ̾Ϣ

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Ľӷýζ
ǰӴɷ򵱹ע´£ЩëƤС²Ӧᣬ˷Ѿ
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ҹɫˣĽߴ˯Զϵ֮ƽĵΡ
ȻɢȥĽݡ
ݣмǿϣסĽ᷿أ᷿Ľ򸾡
Ľ糣Цסӿɼڼĵλ
氲¹գڻҶƣԽСԺ
һƬ齣ö˫ֽӡŻ΢Ц֮ܿ
ʱţĺһƬγ־ܿȥϲ÷޲פڴˣͬ
ǽ˳֮һһůϢƮעڻѭϣ˳ͨأٻᡣ
ˣ񲻶ȻĸůڰٻתϢ
ϢȻ䣬ٻѨ죬һθ¶£ʱΪ꣬ʮ¥뵤
ʱޱȣ΢΢͡

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һ죬ֹ֮ͣͣѳЦ棬֪Լ⿪һ
֮󣬶¶˵Ǿûĵ˵񻰡
˿֮ǵֻѭζȻÿһӣ콵¶
кΰȴǲ֪̽
ٻѨ¸¶ý֮һ˿Գ˶ԣ졣
ҷڣнĴԿգĴ˵ˮ߹䣬硣
ʱҪյģһרעħУΣ
ȴ⵼
˵;ͬ飬һ˿
һ;ȴǲ˺ܶ࣬ģķʤֱ֮࣬
齣ڻⲽ΢Цݣ˿Լڹȴ漫ġ
ֻԪֻû˵Σ֪㵽ʲô磬λʦֵģؼѵġ
һԷ£̽ͷСóǲᡶվжһ
ףһţɫ䡣
Цһ̽ȡһĲӣϰûˣֻ°룬°еҲˡ
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Ľ˿Цҡͷһǽ
顱һ죬һ
漴ȻԪ󼸷֣ԼȴûԲ㣬һţʧ

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ĽǰţЦùܹۼҵˣ
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ش°ɮۣû˯£һ۲ӣЦʲôô󣿡
˽ܵܣӳⳬȻ䣬Ѱ¸ģģⶫˡ
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̽ͷ˿СӣС壬ƬҰճ
ĽҡͷЦЩˣ
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Ľ̾һλɮԲǰһֱû͸ˣ
ЦԵڴˣ
㣬ֻأĽûĺߵ
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ѵüʵھȤ̲סЦ
ԣȥ˯ɣ컹ҪңĪ˯̫ˣͷſİգȨԼСŪˣ
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һĺƽ벻ʽԱȥָ˰ϲ֡

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Ȼһ𣬹
һƬ峺ˮУһƿ棬ͤͤĵ£籡ƬӨ͸һ꣬꣬ꡭһŰꡣ
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Ĭ˯ˬ˿û⣬ٴϣ
˯ߣЧѣ˯Ϣ֡

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պ£ĸ֮ý֮ԣ˵ķݶƲƲ졣
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Ľҡͷһֱ޷ûڹ
Ǽ˹̩
ͳ죿Ľæɵ㣬ûдΡ
̩ŹֵĿ㣿ٺ٣ѾԲˣˣ
ˣĽüëһͷ˵ܻؼˣ
˵̩æͷ漴տȻСʱûԹʲô鵤ҩ
Ľҡҡͷ
̩Բģ룬ζô׹ͨ
ʱдͨˣкβףĽ
̩һĴȣԭǷܣֲأ
æЦǺǣûʲôףǴϲ£տȻʮ澭˽⣿
Ľҡͷʦֽ
ϸϸ˵һ˵̩
ϣ峺羵ĺ棬˵ǷǳģڲȻ࣬ʮһӣǺˮʮ
Ľͷš
澭أһͨʮ̩
ֵ澭ϣؿʮĹһ㡣
˵ţָָǰ峺ƽ
Ľͷʾס
̩ŵֻкˮ̫ʱУߣˮ̫Ҳᵹ
ֵƿ澭ʮ⵼ĳЩѭǿ֪ǿЩ澭ģ΢΢Ҫջۣÿ졣
漴һ͵תͷԪȴͬ
ĽͷԪȷʵͬ
ԪֱӴζ֣ɵζһ忪һȻȪۣԴԴϵżȣر𰡣
˵˫۷Ź⣬
漴̾˿ϧԪ̫ѣԺĴӣûһɣ
ҡҡͷ̾Щһպеĺˣһķʮպٳ澭죡
ΪΣĽʡ
̩Цڹķߵʮ÷պġ澭ߵľʮеһ澭ӹ˹ؿԽԽ࣬澭ĹؿԽԽ̣ջ֮£βƣҪ忪ߺߣΰɣ
Ľͷ
ýԼԽ̩Ļһסˣһˣվʡ
˼άת˼˿ҪζԪʤһ
붨ʱȻӿζʱԽڿգɡ
ԪʱԾг忪֮ͷнţؿȻԽι̡
Ȼ쳣һĲΪȻü򣬺õ˵ڹķѵöࡣ
Ԫɷۼȴʤ
̩Ĩһһ²ָƽ͡
תͷտȻʲôأ޳Ԫѡһڹķˣ
Ľͳ죬ղ񹦣
ղ񹦣̩üͷ


10 
Ľ÷нղ񹦣ǲģ
ţС̩ͷΪ⹦򣿡
ǷžѧĽ
̩˿һɮ˴磬ɫɮۣɫ飬ĹͷŵĹؾаա
̩̾˿ҵȰѡİɣ澭Σרʦ޵ľ澭
ĽЦЦһղ񹦡
̩üͷһӣտȻ⹦ˣԪ˵˴˹֮ˣûɹ
Ľ΢Цͳ죬ԣٸġ
Ŀᶨ
̩ü˿̾˿һ֣ˣģҾͲ׷ѿˣղ÷򸮾ѧս÷ûʸ
βʸ񣿡Ľʡ
̩Ҫ˵ȻתͷԺڡ
ŲУɽ绹ξһȳһյĽףǴѪңǾһս
ףôˣ̩Цеʡ
ĽƳʮһ񣺡ʦ֣ʦ֣ʦ֡
ʦܲö񡣡ɽʮݣ΢΢Ц֪ԼģǱ
ĽЦЦ̾ʦȹˡ
Цһ£ǣˣ۵һʦܣģ
ξںʲô˼ģʦֲˣ
Ľôˣ
̩Цеĵʣ׼Ƹɵİɣ
˭ξûĵ
Ȼദʱ̣ĽȴʦǸˣʲô˵ġ
š̩ҡҡͷһɸֵģ
ξ۾һɣߣԹͳ㣬ƫʲôԪҪȻܶ
̩ҲֻЦһ䣺Сӣʶģ
ʦܣ˵䣡ɽ
ξ㬵ĵɽ̩һۣвʣȴû˵
̩תտȻҴ÷ʮ
ǣͳ졣Ľס
̩ڰ֣ЦеĴˣϽҩɣֵ׺ˣǿͷԣ
˵գתЦߣο࣬Ųȴӯ
ߣξ߷Ȼ
ɽʦܣݵ񣡡
ξƲƲ죬ɽתͷĽЦʦܣӣʰˣ
˵ţָָߵ᷿
Ľʮлˣ漴˾
٣ˣ˵죡ξڰ֣Բĺˡ
ɽһָ˵
ƲУԣһЮˮˬ졣
ʦһˣ˵Ҳòţɽ̾˿Ц÷ԺԺλȻ磬ȴԺģ
ŶĽȻһüëЦԺĵӲ𣿡
ʺʲôãξ޺޵ʦͽԹͳ죬ƫƫʲԪ
ʦܣҪ⻰ͳ죬ܵģҡҡͷΪȻ
һֱ䣬Ľܸоĸ߰
Ҳʹ죬ܲˣξߵ
ɽɨһۣͳҲһƬ⣬Ҳǲף
һɨȥĵأȴΪϣξƲƲ죬ȴûֻŤͷԶ
ɽ̾һҲԹʦŭû鷳ȷʵ
죬ʦʦܰˣǶԺЩϸ𣬽칬ƾˡɽҡͷЦ

⹬Ľһۣһ
ξߣϣȻʤ
ҿ¶һۡ
ξٺЦͷⲻ˵˵ʦᣡ
ɽҡͷʦһֱԹͳ죬ʵͳ£ֻԹˣɴСô⽣
⽣Ľһ
Ҳ˫۷Ź⣬ξߵ⽣ʲô
⽣Ľʡ
ֹξ˫۷Ź⣬⽣ԺԺ̫澭
ɽ⽣ģԺ޵֣Ǵʦ֡Ҳһ
ξ޺޵ߣʦҲҪལˣʱ򣬶ҪúýѵѾͷ
ѾͷĽһ漴Ȼ̩ĽܣԺŮӣ⹬ȻҲŮġ
ξԲһ죬ٺЦЦ
Ľæལ⽣Σ
΢΢һЦ߽Ψལʤһ
ЦʦҪལʱҪúóڶ
ɽҡҡͷ̾ѣĲ̫澭ǴС㴫̫澭
ξɫһ䣬ʱĬȻ
ĽƳһۣ̫澭ͬСɣ÷ĴС㣬÷
ɽڰ֣ˣʦܸսԺĸ鷳ġ
ξƲƲ죺ߣҲңִ£ûùӳԣ
ĽЦЦ֪Լ硣
ɽЦʦܣִ¹ģ
ĽЦŵͷӹŰ壬ǵ˲ˡ
ܲˣжӳصġɽЦ
ĽЦ˵ʦϲɺأֻҪѧ˽վסţ
Цʦܣҿ㲻ؼڹԪЦѧ÷ʮȻѡһǿĽԱ
ţ·Ӻáɽͷ

˵Ǣ֪ʱţ̩ٴγ֡
һһۣȴû˵ʲôֻĽ֣תߡ
Ľ˺ʮһЦЦڽ̩СԺ˵˺¡
֦ȶˣԶԶһЦޣƺӻϴ
̩ĽտȻԪ֮£ǧҪ˵
Ľһۣͷ
̩̾ҲҵĴǿ˰꣬ʮֻܷ꣬ʹࡢģȴûӣȴһҹ֮޳ˣ֪ܲ˵ġ
ǣͳ죬סĽЦЦ
ãҽ촫÷ʮ̩Цνʣһƾջóһѩ滨ɷƯ
ܣ첲ֽŶ˳һȦֽ廨룬
÷ʮһ򵥵Ľʺϳѧߣ򵥲ζСĪҪС̩
ǣͳ졣Ľףĳ
ЩַɵһԶ̣һȴû
ϱһ֪ġ
ſһһֻΪ˹ؼʱһУ䲻⣬򣬹Ĵ򣬸򲻹书ġ
Ľ÷Ľõѣȴջֻý
̩ԼһĽЩ
̩ŽƣֵݹȥЦһĽţ˸һˡ
Ľӹ˵ǰ
ѩճӵϸϸƣһһۣһɻϢ
ƯĽĽָ̾һƲ
̩ЦˣǺǣ۽Ǽͣպ˹лô͵ġ
ƣһһһһС
Ľͷ˫ֻ

̩ӹʼӶ
·̫š棬ÿһ飬Ȼս
֣տȻԿ
ĽͷӹվţһĿ˸㱣·⡣
̩üĲɣȴûѵ⣬տȻɲѰˣѰԴ
Ľվ˰Σһ񣬷·𻹻ˣĿԱߵĺˮ
׾תʱͣһͣ룬ٽ϶ĿİŤ
̩ʩչʱȻȴչ󷽣ᲢãοܣԸ֮С
Ľȴȫһ˿У׾˲Ŀá
̩ȴɴ۾һ˲˲·Ǽ⡣
Ľʩչ꣬Ȼһ飬һαǰһЩͣ룬Ȼ׾ȴ
ʩչ飬һΣһЩ֮ʩչøʱ١
ã̩ƣȲĹơ
Ľһɫ΢ףСĵİѽЦͳ죬̫һûá
̩ɴ۾漴ЦҪǱϾûˣǺǣɵӣʮУһУ
ԭˡĽЦЦ
ֻ˼ǽĲɣרעڼ¼Ͼˡ
ʱһˣԼ˸Ϊ㷱Ķһжѣȴ׽
ʱעԼ
ƽʱĺγԽҲãҲĿ
ȴЩŹ֣̩ʼ̾ģרļ䡣
糿ʱͷԽʱ̩ĶֱԼԺͷһ룬Ŀ
һоԼӺ˺ĵԣֱӽ̩¼ˡ
Ͼǵһȴϡ
ʤˣˣ÷ʮԱ׾


11 
̩һһտȻ飬ϸˣϵݲһ
ǡĽȻͷ
̩ʼȸղŸ֣ţ·𳤽ǧ֮ء
Ľһģ½̩һһʽȻһ˿
סףʩչȴѡ
ÿһʽָ󡢼衢ϥȡŵÿһָҪ󣬾ϸ΢
Խ˼ά鶯Ǳ˴ʧˣŤŤĲ
ģ飬ȻˣԼСԲúĻ˵˶ϸ㡣
ԿЦ±ûʮȫʮܶͷԷţ˶ȴǷϲԼأ㲻ţ˶Ҳϲӹѡ
Сʦʮ󾢶ɵֱ̣Ǽ򵥵ĶûԼ㡣
̩飬ĽЩԱ׾
̩ͣ£ŤͷǺЦ
ĽЦ˼˵ͳ죬Һ̫ˡ
̩ڰ֣ЦǺǵģҼ٣Թϴʽһ۾ܼסֽûô飬ûʲôˡ
˵赭дûʲô⡣
ĽüͷЦȰο۴û˱ȵù㣬ֽҲֻ̫ǸԴϱȣ̫Եñˣǵеöֽ࣬õ٣Ժõģ
Ľͷ
бףĪ⣬ǾȻͨԪ°뱶ֽȴȱ˶͸ϡ
ΪԼĿԶʤǰʶἫڵģʽһѧͻᣬ׾٣ڿȴһԸ
̾ϢԼĵ̫㵽˳ֽҲ㲻ÿֲˣ
̩ЦеһڳԲӣһһһѧһС
˵գʼְֵָ㣬ʾپÿһͷţһλһλľ
ĽӣϢתõڣ⣬ϰûá
̩һ飬ʱܹһΣֱԭҪٴξ
̩ſͣȴǼģ䷳һһľû¶ͷɫ
÷ԺеӶ̣ʲôʶУѾĥˣңĽ޳Ԫ
һʱ󣬽̩İƣã͵տȻȥɽǰæúѧһУûþͽǴ˻˼
ǣͳˡĽʮһ
һʱȣˮǽ̩Щð
̩۽л뿪ˣĽŹͺͺ֦ߣԶ棬ҡͷЦ
÷ʮ򵥵ĽһнԼһʱģѡ
ôȥԼ÷ʮ֪Ҫá
ԼʺϻĽҪӣ׾ʤɣԼ󣬿̡
÷ʮǻ򵥵ģܲãΣҪþ˲ųɡ
֦صԺȴռһط
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վסۿɽۻ룬ÿһ֮ƣֻôһ;ӻˮĽ
æתۣһߣĽƮݣӯĿ۰ơ
ٿһξͣǿХضɽҡ̲סҪվǽܿ
Ը̾û뵽ǽԼһҲӲסܿÿһʽֽȴϡ

ʦܣɽƣ󽣾ͷ䵽ͣͣɿ
ֽʣĽЦѧ÷ʮĽˡ
˵ţ߶ݣһݸĽЦţרõ彣ˡ
ξҲ֣ͣĽӹŲһ˴Ҵҽ
վ̨һ䵭һɨˣ˭տȻ
Ľתͷһƣ˸ӰСֻüëȴ׳ʵ·һʯգ죬˫ֹؽڴִ۾һֱš
Ľʮһ񣺡СɮտȻ
ԳСɮʱտȻʱĽƺӦԳƣ졣
šպӴǵĽǰ´һۣ첲ϣɨɨ
̴ʦʧԶӭ裡ɽæӭǰЦݣǳתͷʦܣõĳ̴ʦҪء
̴ʦĽʮ΢Ц
̴ʦһ֣ͷĵʲô裡ûй򣡡
˵Żһ̽ץסĽ
ĽһʶһѳֲڵĴ֣ǺѰĻüɡ
ףô̴ʦһ˿ĽɫȴͷСУãΣ
Ľҡͷ΢Цлʦ񰮣Сӻѧ˵ա
ãã̴ʦȻһЦ
һЦҶӷ׷Ʈ䡣
Ľɫ糣΢΢ЦϢתӿ죬ɽȴɫ΢䣬Ӹ֦˲
̴ʦЦֲأƾһСԺҲ´࣡
ŵҿ֡
Ľ֣̯ڳ̴ʦǰ
̴ʦһҡҡͷЦ֣ϣðɣ
Ľֻ΢Цһԡ
̴ʦε̾һڰ֣հգڵˣɱɱͲסį
ĽǸȻһЦȴûнӿڡ
̴ʦߵðɣ㲻ˣңɱǿٱ
лʦĽʮһ
̴ʦڰ֣ˣԺɽ˵ЦӶҲ

ʦܣܵó̴ʦأǲףɽЦ
絭̴ʦƢŹ֣ԼҲٴɫģ
ɽЦʦܣ̴ʦվտһ÷˼
ĽЦŵͷȴų̴ʦղŵĻϣִ̧һֿۣ˿ɽ˵ġ
ȷʵзֱǵָͬ޳Լִֶָ̣Ա֮´Ϊѷɫ
λʦ֣Ҳѧһнλʦָ㡣
˵ӺɽϽӹνʣ˳ֽһףϳ˿˿⡣
˽ף۽һȣȴѷɫ࣬һ˸÷֦֮ƣҶʵûʲôݣôöûʲôչλʦְæ
˵գʩչһܿ꣬ͣˡ
ɽ˶һۣɽЦʦܣɡ
ξͷ˺ɽһۣߵңðɣʦܣ⽣ò԰
˵Żνʣһ飬Ҳ÷ʮĵһʽ
ͬһУȻֶնյģʩչ𽣷ȴӯ滺󷽣С
Ľݣʩչһȴ׾Ź֣˵Ť
ξ꣬Ľһ飬ղŲࡣ
ξҡͷһ飬ĽҲһ飬ûʲôչ
ɽһۣҡͷЦξͷΪѵĿĽ
ĽЦҴСУද٣ʵûݡ
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ɽһʦܣʦܣţһ㡣
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Ľɽһָע⣬ξȻЧ
飬ξͣ£ĽԼһϴԭΣֱñ׾Ť
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ĽҲЦЦ費
ˣҲ˼ЦȻºúһЦʦʣܽԺ˵ġ
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գʽ𿪣һһ
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˵ģݼڣԷԴʦĸмȫתƵĽϣɵܵһչˡ
˵˾ڳһĽĽû˵ˣ棬רע
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˾ĽĽһһ顣
Ľ棬ÿȫעһʱʱĹ֣Ծɾȣ˿ƣ̬֮
ʦܾ棬ɽЦ
ĽһˣЦʦ֣ʦ֣ʦ֣͵ɣԼͳɡ
ţ͵ɣξæͷŴĴָͣҡͷ˵ʦܰôˣټ
ξȻĽã꣬һһľĽ򵥵ĶĽƫƫɵĲðڷԴʦϣˡ
ĽЦҡͷϰҪȴһͣˡ
Ȼ̾ϢȴοգֱҪֻҪˣԺ֪˵мģ԰һɱܣؾֻһظ
һһ飬ܳΪܣҪľˣȻ󻨷ʱˡ
ҳ䣬鷽ܼ£ơ
ɽźϢĽڻϰһ˿רע
ɽţ΢΢ЦͿʦ澢ͷѧҲѧõġ
šͷ
ξһǸ˭
Ǻܿ뿪ˣȥԷĽûطǰæȻ
ϣмδϢһӹٴξȣϰÿһ鶼רע쳣
˾Ѽ˳õרעһ¡
Ԫɣ㣬Ҳ˿ƣһ˰Ծ·Ҫɢһ顣


12 ɱ
һܣܻƣͣȴ޷ָ廹ҪϢ
һֱϦ£뿪Ժߡ
ɽȰһĽôۻǱȥˣסɣѾʰӣסˡ
ĽҡͷЦܣҪȥģõﵣģһͨЦ˵ĹԱ
ĽЦЦҲ⣬ػһ͸飬鿴úأǳҡ
ĽͬĻԶ󣬼ͷأԼҲ⣬ĽҲûǰʱҲˣֻԼܶлӼˡ
ûȥȻ¥Լһ˶С
С
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һ·֮ϣżˣʮһ΢Ц߹Угԣиɮɡ
ų磬Ͻ
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ĽӽһǳɣȻʹ÷ʮһУ׼֮˿
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곤һͣ¶㵱顣
Ľ˫رһȻһ٣ͣðһض⣬ȾѪ졣
Ľһ齣Ѫʱ罦졣
Ľ֣ݵϡ
ֲָĽ죬Ҫ˵ȴӿѪסˣֻܷ
顱ſݵϣ鴤š
Ľɫɷףʱ˼Աȥһרעڶ֣ʱһȥ¥֮Уеľ񶼾һ֮С
꣬˼⣺Ľ죬ԼĽûָʹʮһ̡
ףһԼ֮÷ʮһҲӲסֱֻܲӴ̳
һ̹Ȼ죬ȴұ֤һԷ֮˳ֶ죬ûף룬Լһ̱ȶԶˡ
÷ʮ̣߽ԱŽҼһ
ҡҡͷ̾˿¶֮ɫϲ˲䳤ȥѪȻѽʡ
ժַ飬˫ֺʮ૵Ѹһ鳬䡣Ŵ󲽼УѸ뿪


13 
ϦɽĽǡǡ߽š
СԺܰ߻һʻ࿪ţɢ˻㣬Ժ
ʱϵӦڻŪЩģȴӰ֣ڼ𣿡
С壡УӳҴҳմŰ棬Ҳմһ
ޱߴµһ㷢ЦЦҪϯﶼȥæˡ
ĽЦСҪϲˣ
ǣҪסЦŵͷ
黨ѣΧȹѩ׵ģ֮覵ӣؽţĺɫ֮Уֳˡ
Ľ̾ѣڸв֪˽Ůӣ֪ϧ쳳ܡ
ǿԼƿ۾ЦǲԷ˰ɣ
ǡͷЦСȥЪһߦͿˡ
áĽͷЦЦԼݡ
³յǰᣬƺд浭ѪζҡͷЦЦŵͷ
£Ÿ첲泯죬ݶ
ĺɫ洫󹷽УһЩ˵ߺڻԼӻؼңСӵЦ
ûƣںڰУһƬղ·ϵΣһΣԽòʵ
ҲЩ֣ԼȻƽĨ˽Ȼ뿪û˿ʣѵԼѪ֮ˣ
漴ҡͷ΢ЦԼȴѪһø飬侲ԴͷԼҵĹ۷ۣ׹ǹۡ
ȻѾߡ
ң֪ôһ£ûô£ɱҲûʲôֻǰѶԷ𴦰ˡ
һ÷ʮˣǱıǮ´Ϊܣ㣬˼ʶʹ
û뵽һ磬ЧһԼãǽ֮ɣЧѡ
˿ԼһζĿгڲ
ںڰţһͷһͷ顣
洫ɩС壬ˣԷɡ
ĽӦһץͷĽ˴ߡ
ųʱѾϡ
ڿʼ̤뽭ľ
̲ˣŤϸŲӯ̬ӯţĽһ£ѹס΢Цɩʲô
ӣһ߽ΧȹһߵϲԵģһ±ţ⣬һƬСˡ
ãɩˡĽЦ
Ƭɲϸģģÿʱĸ׶Թ鷳ɩûæ
⼸컹˶ţĽĵʡ
ͷյ͵ƣƹͣհ͸죬Ρ
ݸĽӣԶһ٣üëһ£ͷţ˵һæҪ
ĽȷʵæڸҲˡ
šͷ˵ˡ
ڶʱĽ̾һԼĿⲻɹ˻ìܣɲǺ¡
˵޴ͷܴβϵģ˵ãһֱսأ壬ģɩأҲǸƢģ˽˭Ҳ˭սˡ
Ľ̾Ϣǳû͵ӣһֱսУ˵İ
ɩӿȥ÷ĽװɫһЮˣһʡ
ͷҡҡûء
Ľɩȥʶһ°ɣ÷Ưһɫġ
ˡһ£ҡҡͷ
Ľ˿̾ðɡ
Ҳˣɩȥˣӣ˵Ҫŭģ˻ֵø
ѣ㿪ڽһЦȻ˵ЩԺȤ£һͶЦ

ҹϲŻһľ߶߶Ц˻·˸ˡ
ƽһֱׯأĬԣֻҪһЦ˾֪ȸˣһȸˣϻҲʹˡ
ƽϻܹסһ˾ƣϴ϶ϵĻҲˣֻ߶
߶ĻһףĽڸǰȻͣԹԼض㣬˵ﵱ̫Լһ֮Ӧ˷ϺУҵУҪȻҲȢϱˡ
ţ˺вҪ㵽;ͻףȢû뵽ȥͻȻһ˲ܻˣ
һҡͷһԶ˲赹ˮ촹ͷ˵ĽԹ߶Ц
˺һˣĽæӣˣһ˲˿
СҪȢϱˣﲻܣûȶپ͸ˡ̾˿ڻףĲˡ
ĽЦͦãʲôŮˣҲǡ
ûŮĳɣҡͷҪŮ˵ģҪȻ񲻰׻һӣ
ĽЦЦҡҡͷٶ˵
ǰ飬Ҳ飬Ȣʵûǰֻһ˿źˡ
ҽȥҹ
ţȥɣ糿ԷϵͷŪЩţ
ڳӦһ
϶ҹˣЩ棬壬ϴʲôٹȣһ첻Է
ãİգĽͷ
ϸŤӳһһӣݸĽ
Ľӹˣ˻ӻ֣˼ţ˰ɽֱºɽȶȥ

¹ˮ˫һܿ쵽Ȫԣʼ𽣷
һ˿쵽ʱˣһʯöվ
붨죬в֪ʱţǰһƬĺˮһ·ɣ̹⻪⻪תˮ


14 
ȻͷٻѨһθ¶ƮƮ£ϣѸգգʧ
˸¶ֻӨ⣬⻪תӨ͸һ󣬹⻪ɢȥָ糣
ֻЩ仯ʸиǿʵ
֪ʲôʱյ̫һ££覣沨ԣˮԽ峺
һ̣·Ϊˮķ·Ϊԡɫ»£ͣ޲óפڴˡ
֪˶ãǰһĻ滯ΪƬɢǰٴλָڰ
˫ۣĿͣյƬ̺ȥָ糣
Ľһӡ⿪ͷ죬һ
»ˮʣ·Ϊʵʣˮ
Ƥÿë׽չ룬˵лݵζ
ΧžǺҲ˯ˣУϢֻӹҵ
һƬֻͣΧһбøͱһ㴰ֽһбʵ
Ĭһ죬Ȼ仯
ԼٱøͷԱøˣǲˮϴһɳҶˮˢһ
˼ά鶯Ѹ磬˲뵽˹еĺˮһ÷֮ˮԼͷԺˮһ㣬覡
糿ʱ򣬾;ԼˣȻվԵʣ˿Լߵ·ȷ
һӿһ˿˷ܣ˿վ֮ȥ֪ʲôӡ
ֻϧÿֻһΣʱи¶¶֮ܿ飬޷
ȪȻ뵽Ȼʱܽ¶ʱΡ
ѲɣʱҲή¸¶Ȼˣһһͼ
ͷһôпܡ
޲ʱţ磬һԼ²⣬һ⼱ѹ£ξ
ֻϧͷȴԾÿɱܡ

ڶ峿ؼҳԹ˷ȥ÷ԺɽԺˣ׷ͣ¡
ǿĽСʦܣչˣĽУȴСú棬Ȥ
һʮ꣬оתֳ˾ò˼֮ҪסתܣԾб
ػһеĿҲ볣˲ͬ˿£ȴζ˿£ȴ֮һЦ
ĳԾվڸߴΧһУ羵й۾˳Ȼ̬ϰ죬ףѩӡҲշ̾
ĽһֱŬѹӸֻ̬֪֮ǴϣԼȱǿһֱź͹ͬͨ
ɽ˶ĽǸмᵽ֮ãᵽŵȤ
ƽϰߣʱǶȥˣȻڵԼҲûƴǣֱӰνʣһ
ʽ׼ȷһ˿˴Ǿȣ׷̾
ǳˣһܰһнûʲô棬ɷĽϣǾˡ
ξʣĽ£ʦܣ˵˵ǲͻȻˣһֽűˣ
Ľ£Цҡͷû˯һϡ
Ȼһ紵淺һ˹˱ĽɫɮƮƮɷ
һϣû˯ξʵ
ɽǺЦʦڿЦɣ㾫ӣǻ񣬲һϣ
Ľ붨ܴ˯һʱӡ
ξɴ۾һʱֵ˯һ޾
Ľͷ
棿һ½ü
Ľ붨ǴϢ˯ѡ
ξͷ粦˹ģҡͣԣԣҲ붨գôԽԽأ
ĽЦҡͷʦ֣붨ͬġ
ôͬһξߵΪȻ
ĽЦЦ
ʲôͬʦܣ˵ɽЦ
˶ڳϴ顣
ĽΣֻܼ򵥵˵˵˲ɶ棬һԼ
ĽҲû˽֮˵޶ģԳʣ׽ڹȴ򵥵ö࣬붨ģ;ûʱȫ󣬱ˮһ㣬ռУоõġ
ξʦ˶ã붨˯
Ľ룬޶ʼ磬ʮꡣ
ʮꣿξʧС
ĽЦŵͷûʲôݣ޷ݻ
ɽ˶һۣЦҡͷ
ξߵʱ䣬ڹأʮ꣬Ҳָˣ
ĽЦЦûж˵
֮ᣬ֮ãʤŮ֮һȻʼʱǿ࣬﷦ζ񣬵ֻҪҧסȥһԻྡ
Щȴ޿Ա̫԰ƶԾ
ǻʵʵ˯ɡɽǺЦ΢룺ʦǰ;ϲɺأ
ͳжʦּˡĽЦ
˼ͷ
һ˯ĸʱʦܽһʱӣʣʱ
һʱ䣬ȥԷ˯һЩ£Ĳʱʦܱȳ˼һʱ䣬һֵϱꡣ
ڲţԺ߰ʦܱ׷Լˡ
ʦܣҪӴξЦϲޱȡ
ĽЦʣҪʦ֣ҿúܣ
ɽǺЦ
˵ЦȻһˣһѳߣõĳ̴ʦ
һɽˣֱĽǰϳտȻԽ
ĽЦŽӹһ½ʣɫʣԼɮΪһ壬˺׺Թȥ
ٿ˵Ľʣị̄ͬ
⽣ʵɫĽо̴ʦϸġ
Ǻʣ
Ľͷ޹⣬޻ϸȥƣӽɵ⣬·һٲƽ
ָһ̾ɫ
̴ʦ¶Цݣ⽣һϣû׷ѹ򣡡
л̴ʦˡĽʮһ
̴ʦڰ֣̾ǳˣԸմѪ
˵գĽ˵ҡͷ̾תˡ
ɽ˿뿪ϵЦȥȻ̴ʦҲˣǻһЦ
ξæչƣŵ潣ɶʱͳ̴ʦԶ
Ľݽȥַˣ̾ǵĽǿö࣬ȻǴʦֱʡ
󣬽̩Ժ˺ߵ£У÷ʮһʽ
Ľô죬̩⣬Ŵ˵ڶС
һǰһ㣬ĽֽԱ׾һʱ׽Ǳ׼ˡ

ĽԺɽڵ
ʦܣѧ˵ڶʽɽڴ˽ƣЦеʡ
ĽͷЦǣʦ֣Ҹղ̫һʲôȥ
ξչȥ԰ɣ
԰Ľ
ɽЦǺиС԰Ժģ˲ܽڹãû˴š
ãĽͷ
ߣҴȥξתߡ
ĽԺɽ΢Цξ뿪ԺԼ˰ױ㵽һ԰
ʱ԰ȻľŽգһֻͭƴСŹ⡣
ξӻͳһԿףͭƿߣһתͷʦܣԺӵԿ㻹ûݿɣ
ĽЦŵͷһֱæרעϾṳ̂Լӡ
˵С԰Ժŷ⻨԰Ժ󣬼ɽľͨģϪ峺졣
⾲԰԰ַƣõüΪ¡
ξ԰ֱʣ
ֱʣĽȻܡ
÷ʲôˣʲôϵδ÷ǰѾ죬ıߣҪ֪һ飬֪÷÷֮ãҪںպңȴŹѡ
÷Żˣھ÷黭һֻܼǶ书̫Ȥ
ξǺЦʦܣԼɣԼҸطҾͲˣ
˵ţڰ֣뿪ˡ
Ľ˿ɫ̫ҪУϾ;԰羰һɽɽСͤС
Ҫվ֤ʵһԼĲ롣
СͤӳվԸ԰ǰдУĻ泩
СͤмţȻԺ˳ˡ


15 
һţϢ񣬺ܿ붨ĺγ泩ǰһƬ֪ʱš
һʼվͼ
էһ֮£ѸȥһӿѸɢȥת۹ֲָС
ڰУӣͷתɬоҲóٶۣʱ䵹ˣصδʱ
־ͷһϱ޳һиܿܿ޾壬Ȼһ޾塣
ڰֻ֮ǰ״ԹۣƿϸƣƶƮߡ
в֪£֪˶á
ƺ˯ͷסл㱣˼룬ʱţ˳Ȼ
·һɲǣƾãڰʼȥһ͵֣һСţǴɢС
سɣʼͷʼת
Ľ۾̾ϢһЩεҡҡͷԼ´ˣʱվô
ûи¶£۲ͼ
ü˼վȷʵ£Դ⣬ֻܹ£ˮ֪ܹ
ÿֻʱʱôίʵȴΡ
˿ɫת죬ʱůڵģȪС
ӡ⿪վɫ˸԰һɽ׺мϪˮ壬ɽˮϣ¾
÷ĲȷʵףԼҲ⾲԰ʵһܣԺĵλίʵͬ

Ժ峿ʱ֡
ã
һʹúã

Ժﴫߺȣ죬ʱİ
Ժд£бξһװԲնյҲ˼Ӣ䡣
ŴͣŰƣԲЦݡ
ǰԶ˸ʱ죬ڲ
վߣҲһϮװ˫ֱۣʱ΢Цͷ¶̾顣
һǺɽһĽѷѽ⣬¡
Ľһһʽ޻ɽϣſա
Ľӣʩչ÷ʮɽ򺣽һȣȻʧɫʽʵ֮
ɽۻ룬·Ϊ˳ˮƽӿȣĽû
Ľӣһʯƾ紵˴ΡȻ
һʱֲ£򺣽ư磬ʱ÷ʮƫƫôһ
ÿؼʱĽر죬Ѹһ磬ֻһ˺ɽơ
ΣɽʹȹˣϾ꣬ԱˣȻһƮˣߵʦܣͱȵգ
ξŰƴЦֲ֧ʦ֣ǲǺܱ
ʦܣԣɽһۣûĺߵ
ξҡҡͷҲŲȣ߯û
ЦƵ᣺һʣԱ죬ʦһֿͣνڲ֮أ
ĽЦеģһƯĽʣЦʦ֣Ҿ÷ʮ򣡡
ҵĺʦܣͱ˵˳ɲξǺЦҡҡͷǿûˡ
Ҳҡͷ΢Ц
ɽ̾˿ЦʦܣҿţҲ÷ʮˣղһ㹻ˣ
ĽЦЦûı£һ
ղһδȫ
ξʦܣһĽˣֵǿʮ꣡
ĽЦϧƾֻǰӶѣʲɣɾվ޵ġ
ҡҡͷҿã÷ʮʦµĹ̶ȣ
ɽһĶͷȻǵõ÷ʮһ¹򣡡
龪ĴĽȻⱿֱŵʦܣʵô׾
֪УñԼá
ܲ׾ĽЦźʵ
£Ľƽ
ϳԹ÷Ժɽһ̩ѧ÷ʮ
ϣ뿪÷ҴļУԹ˵л˵˵ЦЦһ˯ʱسξ£վͬʱϰ
һרע½Ժֻһ˼ѧȫ÷ʮ仯Ϊܣùվ
վûʲôչֻͷԽйԽԽˣԽϰûʲôãһЩˡ
÷ʮÿһʱ޿̲·Ϊ
񣬰¹ȥ÷ʮѾΪıܣֱ÷ʮ˼
ٵɽд衣
ʱվ֣˼ά磬ٶԶʤУԷʲôʽܷӦ
÷ʮΪܣȥ룬ֻҪͷһȻʹƽ֣öʱȥζֻҪһ룬Ȼȥˡ
Ϊ죬÷ʮȻ򵥣õüΪ棬Ժɽ˵Ľֵܵһӡ

ʦܣһ⡣üǣ˼
Ľʦ뽲
Ѿ˼÷ʮøղһһֿ죬ˣǿ
ɽͷ
һᣬ磬Լ;̵ǿᣬԵޱȣһӲӣڷ飬Ӹŷ飬תֱָӰˡ
ʦܵˣίʵ˼顣
ʦܣһˣʡ
Ľҡͷ
ȻԪɣ಻ٶǿ˽á
÷ʮֻǻǴǳҲ漰ˡ
ϧԪ˱ڹķһɸݣǿʦ½Ӳס
ĽЦʣʲôķã
Ҫʦˣ̫澭̫澭澭澭澭澭ÿһķǶģԺֱķ޵κһһ˴ʦ֣û˵ס
ţɽͷ
ξһ֣ʦܣʲԪǱˣˣȥһͳ죬㡶̫澭
лʦˡĽЦԼȥͳ˵ա
ξһҪ˵ɽһִЦҲãͳʦܼأ˵á
ĽЦЦ˼
ѧģ澭֮һǽղ񹦡
ԴԼ㣬ڽղ񹦸Уﳤ̣ܶԼҪ׾ʤɣɣղʡ
ʹ̩βѧýղ񹦡
̩ҡͷɲ£ŹȻûɣϾ򸮾ѧѰ˸ѧá
һû⣬Ͼִ֮ܣĲ
ǱԺֻҪڴжǰпѧýղ񹦡

˵ŻȻصĽŲһ껺ӢأͣסɨһˣףʦܣǶڣ
˵вŭȡ
ʦ֣æӭȥ
ξüЦӭǰʦ֣ôŻֻҪʮ𣿡
Ӣ¶һ˿Ц⣺·˵鷳һ
ĿĽϡ
ĽҲĿ࣬Լһͷӷüбޣ˫籦ʯ췽ͦŭ
ᣬȴȣͳꡣ
Ľ˼⣬ǴʦˣȻ˲һȲ
ʦֺɽȼѣʦֳף߹°ʦȣзɣλʦһȣѷһ
ξæʦ֣½СʦܣտȻĽ
Ľȥ˼΢Цʮʦ֡
ʦܲض񣬽һˡʮһ񣬵ͷ
Ľ΢΢һЦͷ
ȥѡ˵ת˱еӡ
ĽĿ뿪˼Ų̤һֶصɣмӯ֮УȻΪס
ξʦܣʦֿ䵭ʵǺܺõġ
ĽЦЦͷ
ʦʦȷʵԵ䵭Ѻã޵⡣
վԭڳ˵иǿ֣֮е⣬ܸо
ɽҲοɽЦǴʦȣʲô¶һ絣ţԺʦܾ֪ˡ
ξЦʦֻҲ¹ǳѾͷˣ
ͷʦԴ澭ͻͽֽ٣ֲ˺õġ
˵ţ滻һڱӳ£ɷ
ߣȥ˵һָȡ
£֮ƴɽϱߣξĽڱ棬Զ

΢ЦԺþûˣʦܽǴϲ£ȥȻ¥úףһ¡
лʦ֡ĽʮһǷǷ
ڰ֣һˣ˶񣡡
ǡĽףüĿһʵͽģ
Ȥ·ڰϤģһȻ֮С
ʦ֣ʦܿţɽ
Ŷ΢Ц
֪ʦܿŲɽ¶ˮ棬ݣȴǸ߰ýʤʦܼ֡
Ľ˼ЦЦû˵ʱ˵粻˵
ξ˸߲ҵĵʦˣʦҲס
ȻͷЦЦðʦܼ룬Ժʵüˣ
ɲǣξͷһʦ֣㲻ڣֽѵһأ
ٿĳȥüͷô£
һüΧ֮һ䣬ƺϡ˼֡
ξ޺޵ʦֽѵһԺеϸ𣬹Ƴûѵǡ
ɫ˫˸â
ĽʦֺΣͳ˵Ѿҡ
Σ̧ͷߵǰҲԣ
ξͷüǣҲ˵
ɽ̾ʦ֣ǹԹԲ£зӵģֻǼˣ
һҲˣĿɨɨȥԺĵӣԺ۸ԺӶˣҿû
ʦ֡ɽ
һ֣ʦܣ㲻ظ飡һˣɲ˼һŮ֮ʶ
ξƲƲ죬Сƾ֪㲻ô
һۣξס죬ֵͷ
ߵʦܣʦܣб£书Լˣ
ξҪ죬һߣסʦܣǲҪԹԪ
ξٺЦЦ˼ͷ
ԪȷʵķʲԹͳ죬кôӦҲᵽˣʦܣĪҪٷϻ
ǣʦ֡ξԴԹԵͷ
һ֣ɥ棬лһǶһ
ʲôξ̧ͷ˷ܵ׷ʡ
ΧʱһɣѹʧˣĽԸ̾ʦֵʵˡ

ӰЦŴӻͳһӡ
ɫƳɵĲӣЩžɣǺʵ뽣ʲࡣ
ξǼ˫۷Ź⣬Żƾӣģ޲һѶ
ݸɽЦҿ䲻ѷ޽ɽ֮ʯԹ񣬲һ档
ɽСĽӹˣ˿죬ͣĵͷ̾ýǺý


16 
һȻ̧ͷ˿ξǺЦǺý
ξʱˣһվ־ȥᡣ
ɽһܹˣЦеʦܣҪĸģ̫꣡
ðʦ֣ǱȻȻξߣӣȵ
ɽЦеģתͷЦʦ֣ƣĳɣ
ҡҡͷʦܣˣ
ɽЦŰѻƾݹȥЦȻʦַ͸գ
ξһȥߵʦ֣ţ
ɽЦڰ֣벻⡣
һŤͷĽ磬΢Ц֣޼̬֮Цʦܣ÷ʮɣ
ǣʦ֡Ľͷ
΢Цţ÷ʮȻǳȴǸ÷ʮĽ°빦С
ʦ֣ʦܿţ̶̰£÷ʮĻѾ߷ˣ
Ŷ´һĽЦŵͷãã
ĽЦʦֺ֣α𣡡ƣģұúܣܳ
ô£תͷ硣
ʦ֣ô¡ɽЦ˵
һһĽν
õͷѣ˼룬ʦܣνҪúϧҪܲ׾ֻҪигɾ͵ġ
ǣʦ֡Ľͷǫѷ״
ԴʦкøУίʵдʦ֮緶ȶѹסɽˡ
ξ˽ݸĽʦܣӰȷʵ󣬳죬ѧʣ
Ľӹˣ
ƾһͼһÿһ˶ֻʣÿһʽһס
ĽһʮУһԺϽ棬ЦȻǺýʽԶʤ÷ʮ
ξٺЦʦܣ÷ʮӰᲢۣ
˵գվЦ
νʣһԾӳȣվ£ӽУʱɭɭΧࡣ
ӽ죬˸һӰ·Ӷʮ
ԽԽ죬˺һĻξѲӰȴ·ΪΡ
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Цŵͷתͷʦܣѧ⽣е֣
ĽڴĦӰЦҡҡͷ׽̫ڹҲûѧǲɡ
Ӱһ׶صڹķ档
⽣ӰİʽǶصķ
˿ƱһȦٲȦһȦʮŴѨǸӣʦʩչȻԺĵӣС
飬Եһ˿ϣٺٺ󣬳sأ쾮һ˿תһȦ
һźɽˣѧѧʶ֮־ӣĲݣԶʤˡ
ڲĲ鶯磬ʹָȴ׾ԶȻͬ

תһȦ漴ǰڹأȱڣأƫתһȦ
󣬽ţȣϪأţ̫꣬ԨһȦ̡
ڸ첲ϹȦνӣʱֱһᣬڻˣæڡ
һ̽¶Цݣֿࡣ
ӰķȻһ˿߶Լ־Ϳ֣ʤԼޡ
ʮԼһֱֱ̣δжꡡ
ʼʱԣÿ¶ߣ˺·ﵽ˼ޣÿֻЩ
꣬΢΢ʶ˶ֵٶȣ֪Զ䣬ͷһӣҲʤһѰָ֡
ãʹ죡ξ֣ͣЦ档
һԾ䵽˸ǰЦʦ֣ӰǺýǰ˷罣Ȼ
ͷӰ֮ã˷罣Уڣ
лʦˣξǻϲ
˵һӣĽһֱֵ͵˵࣬΢Ц
˰˳÷Ȼ¥
컹δڣϦڣȻ¥Ѿƻͨ磬˿Ʈܡ
էһһӢӭЦűȭʦ֣ʦ֣ʦ֣ξʦ֣տȻʦ
СͽտȻʦְɣʦѾԺ
ϲտȻʦ֣СһæЦųĽʮ
ĽʮЦлˣСڣ
СòӢٷ֮ˣͶУĪ׽С
ĽȻ¥ȻϵӭСˣԹˣȻ¥һΣܼסһ׼ȷĽг²С
СæǸȻɣ첻ڣ˼٣Ҫȥ׼ס
ĽЦŵͷʦ֣ҴǰȻ¥һѾڳȻ¥ߡ
ͷתͷСȥ¥ɣΪʦܺϲ
СԿţ
˸󣬵¥ݣֱ¥
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¥࣬øߴλ˵ѹ˿ƮƵĸһŮǰͷ裬֮лϲ
¥һ䵥ӡ
ϱһӣһ̤ɫĵ̺ںĲݵϣı廪֮ϡ
ǰһŷǰ߰ڷŻƿұ¯ޣɢŵ㡣
ӹԷϢ˯

ʦܣɻ⣿Цʡ
ĽЦܺã£
תͷǾˣСϲ˰ɣʮˣϡ
ϣԺСӦһ˳ȥ
漴һŮִīָ̲Өףϲ裬ϥһˡ
Ů񻣬òν˶
氵Թ۲Ľ˼Ůɫ糣
ٿʦܣʦܿŮۣתĿ⣬ʦܵһƳᣬʦ˼Ƹͣ
ʦƣʦŮ˲мһˣʦ飬ҲǸɫģΨжʦܣƽƽЩĪ⡣
˵ũӵܣȻִµĵܵܣҲӦû¥ģ㾫׵İ裬ȴ״
˺ܿزˣƺչĽɮݣɫľ붹ɫζȫ˴Ρ
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£Цʵʦ㲻ӷҽɣ
Ľͷ磬ֽ䣬磬йˣ磬֮䲻سء
˶棬׷ʣĽһһ
˵ξЦʦܣеãЩɣв
ĽҡͷЦһɵеġ
һξæʡ
Ľ
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Ľȥһگɮ˲ûס
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ĽЦȻسֽ䣬վǳˣЩ»ǲġ
Ȣӣ
Ľͷ
ϧ̾˿
ҲûʲôĽЦ磺ǿϯɡ
ξæԣ˵ɨ˵ĻԷԷ
˻˾ƣĽɿڣ࣬ȣһζ

˵˵ЦЦǢƺ֮ʣȻ顱һ죬ű߿Ϸ¾Ʊ
һŮ⣬Ŀֱ̽
վĸŮһ۱ְüݺݵĵмˡ
Ӵ֣ŮЦ΢̧бˡ
ĽһӰȻ֮
ƣξһվȵʲô
ǹƣ
ĽȤ۴һСɵĹۣüëͦӣ
ζ·һܴߣü۾£ˣȴ͸žǿ
Ľһ⹬Ƶɩмƣȴɩֱ֣˪ǧ֮⡣
°ܽһ߶ȥưڰ֣ƸϲӬҲξ̤ӣŮŽ͵ĵƹ£Ůˡ
棬ĿߵԵģ˵ˣصһۣ
潣ü𣬳ţ͹һ
̧˵ˣҪɼ÷ϲˣ
л
ˣ⼸ʦûʲôԺˣĪռŵط
ƣôĵӣξǺ죬ŭɶ
ƽͰν򣬵˼ɹƵ书ѹŶֵ
ƵһƳϸ΢ƲЦһ£תĽԺŵտȻСаɣ
տȻʦ㣡Ľվʮһ΢Ц˵
бܽԺмֱඣ㣬տȻСдͽ̼аɣ
ǣʦ㣡һŮӺ̤ǰ߳һСУգ
ηǰ͹̣ˣ빬ƵȻͬһ顣
ƣñɣξŭȡ
üһ
ɽȭʦãʦܸţѧ÷ʮо̫˰ɣ
бһۣȻһЦԺģʾЩ˿ǿˣ÷ʮʹҲǷģαǫ飿
һֱ˪էһЦʱݹãǰһĿסȥβ棬۾Ҳֱˡ
ĽᶨΪתһʮʦ֣Сս
ʦܡ˺죬üҡҡͷ
Ľ΢ЦʦȻͽ̣ܱܶս
濴˿תͷƳһۺɽˣʦܣһֱǳһ׵̶
ƵһЦСУͳӲɱǼʦǿˣ㣬ֱ̫ˣ
ģʦ㣡ͷظΡΡ
ĽЦ⹬ƸûۿԼֻԼɴʦֵİӰˣ㱻ӵζȤ
΢Цʮʦ㣬ͬд书ѣαǳֶΣͽЦ
ȹƷֱת΢Цʦãͽ̣
ʦܣĪ֣絭
ĽЦŵͷ
˪ҧ´޺޵ĽСУЦеģûԼˣ
νʣ߳һСУУ
һŽֹɭɭȴ·ҪĽһʳƬ


17 
Ľ΢Цְνһâһɫƥֱײ潣С
ɭɭʧһſϣɫӧӧƮ
Բ˿ԼС̧֣ͷĽţǿɰ
Ľѽʣʮһ񣺡ʦãˣ
飡á
ʦܣҪãξӣЦ
⣬һǺȾ£һ˷ܹʣ˫۾޲ñĽһڡ
ɽ΢΢ЦҲ΢Цͷ¶ʦܴ֪Լ̡ܼ֮֮
һͨ죬ȴװ£תſ½УбһۣͦǣСУôţ
Ľ΢΢һЦת۾ԼĹƣŹʦյüգ鴫빬ʦͽһ
˫ֱں棬΢̧ȻбĽ͡ЦһҪҶ֣
ĽСɮţ÷Ψйʦѧ⽣һʦȫ
˫ۿĿ飬ڸһֻϣĽĿξ
ãͷãҽͳȫ㣡
ʣˮӳӣ·Ȼ죬һ˿⡣
ĽĿڽϣ̾һý
⣬࣡
Ľɫһࣺ롪
ڳһƣ÷ʮʽ
СɵĹµ٣絶ˣӯƺһܴߡ
⽣һڣ̬ʶʱһ䣬·Ϊһ÷ס
ĽҲνʣڳһʽȴǳԾƻΪһζ÷֦
ͬһʽϽȻͬ
޳üëһ˿Ľ⡣
Ľһƽ޲һ쵽ֻӴֻɽһ
÷ԺȴƽԺ½ӼȤ
ԺλȻĴӸʾ۾Ҳͷϣ˶˸鸴ӣĽֳݣּʡ
Ľ糿䳡̩ԣҵʤԺǿһӺ档
ҲĴ治ߣҪһĽ֣Ժ˷ų˭Ҳ׼ʦܡ
ִµĵܵܣֻܰסԺ˳ͷҲԺߣҲΨԺѡ
ȴмһˣ۸һˡ
ʱĽ÷ʮʽľ⣬û뵽̶̰£ѵ÷ʮ衣
Ȼ÷ʮǳҲʮá

ˣһһ⻯Ϊߵ㺮â˲䵽Ľǰ
ĽоԶʤˣûѾǰڡСϹǡ桢šиߴѨ
ͷһ£ʱһ׹⡣
м·һ硣
ڱӳѩףǰһƬããòܿΧ
潣ʣĽڱƵʮһ񣬳һۣʦ㣬ˣ
˵գһɮǰ󣬶ԭλֲ飬˫ۡ
Ŀ·ˡ
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ĽƽʱλʦദһֱͣϹ΢Цʳ崺磬û
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СӣСӣξʧֱŹ䡣
ѩխһɫ÷л㾦֮Чʹ򵥵İƽƾһֻ
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⽣ʣɫ䣬ܹһݽҧĽһգգ
ĸŮҲɴĽһŵı顣
Ľ˫΢أᲦ飬һһţ첻ٲ
ڣϳˮƺѾ붨ͷ⡣
Сӣξ͵һӣЦ
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СӣСӣԺξĴĽüЦ
תͷһɹƣٺЦƣʦֻ˰µ÷
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СУһģƲֻĽһŤߣӯӡ
ŮĽۣƲƲС죬һҲһŤ֫ת뿪
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ɽҡͷЦǺǣʦز¶ƶܴܣǡ
Ľҡͷں֣Цʦ֣ٶϹƣұذɡ
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ûң˷ܣʮ޵һ̣֮Ӱķܴ̳ʯ쾪һ
һû֣ƴȫƸӦֱӱڣֻйһ죬Ϊ̫ʢ塣
֫ݲ飬һȴʹָתӰķɬֻֻԪζұ۾δȻеغɣֱˡ
ףûӰķʮ͵һδؾܴЧһʤҪ鹦ڴʦ֡

Ǻÿһ̾˼ףʦܣӰգ
ĽͷҲûӣ÷ʮ϶ɣֻðһӰҳɹˡ
ʹ󣬳죬Ӱķν绢ͷ΢ЦӰķӣôѧᣬʵף
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ĽЦŵͷǣܲסһŮﵽͷϣһʱʢв㰡
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˵ţƳһ档
Цҡҡͷ֣ضʦܣʮڣֲÿЩͨ衣
ɽüʦ֣ʦ˵úأ
̫أЩ鷳Ҫúýʦܣǧסˣþ¾ˣ
ã־ǡĽЦ
˵ţ磬׾Юˣвס;͵ϣξһͨٺЦ
Ȼ׾ѣĽԼ֣ɽҪӣĽסˣҪ֡
ٷûϼڡ
٣˽ɢϯʱѾЮ˽ˣȻЩĿİ̫˷ġ
ǴӳȻ¥ʱҹɫ
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ĽͷͳһһѧҪġ
ͳһƬģ㶨ˣȴѭأҾȴɣ·Ҳʡ򡣡
ĽЦл潫һζھȻһĽõͷѣġ
Ҳʦѧ⹦ѧڹȴ졣
ʦܣͲعˣúڼˣͨ裬ãΡӻͳһֻƿѩĴָСǾ¡
ʦ֡ĽֽӹˣЩɡ
ҡҡͷھʲôҹҪ˿ɲƤˣǱ˯ˣ
ĽЦлʦ֡
ЦЦʦ˵һܿ̿࣬ұ̫Ҫϵģɾһɣһͳ˵
áĽӦһָ˸
ȥ·ϣһߴĦһ˼ղŵԼûóʱͳ֡
ңԹŮӣʹȫסȡ֣鷳
ԼһûȻƾӰķﲻٶȡ
ܵﲻޣǳȫתӰһһǽˣ
Ҳ֪Ӱķ٣Ҳ޵ģңұ۾׳Ҳ鷳
Ӱķתֱմһɣ÷澭һѲɣҪ
棬ʦһ£Լʶǳ
ʼĦ


18 
ãԣ׾٣ֻϼѨԶӰķ򵥣һѧᡣ
ߵһ·ʱʩչһԵԶ˶Уǣ֮һʱ㵽ҡ
˼ſڣůڵģѪпƽ·
ŽȥȴĸɩԺ
ôŻӭ
ĽЦǵڳȻ¥Ծϯء
ӺһСӣǳģڼǣҶǣûģ
ĽϵľϻסϵϸǺЦҵĲԣԷû
ȻѾʮ꣬ɩϸ
Ľһָľϻ˼òˣҪҪȳˣ
Ͷˣû
ǰľϻЦС壬ѾԹˣﻹ˷
ĽЦðɩɣһء
ڳȻ¥ԾϯûԱЦʣĿĴ֣ߵԶһľ
Ľַߣ˺ȷʵŨ
ܿĸڵǰʢһС࣬ݸӡ
ĽȷʵûԱΪһֱּвˣÿһڶѣеˡ
ôÿӣʡ
Ľ̫ͣеۡ
۵ĵùǺ£ҲҪŵԼ
Ľһߵͷһּв͡
ʱֱڳȻ¥ˣвԳһɣһ˵Żһ߳ԡ
һԿűŤĽֻһֻ֣˿Ӿû룬С壬Ұգ
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ҡҡͷҪȥ룺ɣ
ãͳɣһ¶ˣЦСθڼð
ǰһ˲٣ϲټ֣ЦеĵԵٳһͷ
ĽЦֲȢϱģô߸ʲô
ϺߵȢϱҲҪӣ磬һͷһˣôĳɣ
Ľҡͷֺһ࣬Цٷ磬ıȵˣϴ󣬸һҲӦá
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룬΢Ц˺ûûϵġ
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˵ģˣ¹ʣ˿壬ΨĽܿ壬ȴװû
Ľһ˵һ߳Էܿ˸ãЦԱ
¿ӣϽӹ룬Сȸ⡣
˵һӻߴٶϻ˯ݴվ
վ죬붨ٹգһͼǰ
û붨ղɡ
ֲüÿմʦ͸һ򲻹ߣҲֻˮա
ҹʱ֣һθ¶գܿ컭ըٴλָ˺ڰʱֹˡ
оõԽʵһֱܲߢ𨶯ˣˮԽ峺

齣ڵⲽվ
˲ڣȻԽԽʵˮԽԽ峺ԷĹվзſġ
ȴ·ѰÿմʦҲδܲԼÿմʦһ
ţȻұһ飬һᣬȻһ飬һᣬ߽棬ѭ첲ͨ˵磬ĸоֱͨѡ
ʦ˵ˣȻζܣ
Ľҧ˼֮ܿ뵽˹۷
գо룬һֽãʵҸ첲Ծã泩
ʱţݱʹһһľʹ·ұҪըˡ
һȻվ
ǰʱһƬڰͷ·Уɬͣת仺ԽԽҪͣ
Ȼұһʹҧأ־ȫȥͼʹ
ʹԽԽһһ糱ӿȫעͼںڰУ˼ʹ
֪˶ãȻǰһƺһ˿ӣȻܻܸоõ賿ʱ֣ҹȥ
ϲæֹסĺͼ
ҵʹһһϮһƬϲãǰıǰ٣ҹ
˺ڰȫɢȥ͵ĹУһͼǰ


19 
ˮ峺羵ˮʯɼϷһöɣĻīϴһ¡
ϷһߴһŰ׹⾲׹ͶԲ󣬻Ծ·
ĽϲŰ׹ϡ
ʹٿʧһһӯ鶯ڵůԼ泩
һ̵ĸоϤİȻĸ̥еĸо
תĸʹڣڵĸ̥ĸףˡ
Լһֱװ֪ĸ׼񵽵ʱֻһ˵ܼ¡
Ǽģĸȴ谮Ǽһ㣬мģϼΪ׽ԶʤѰĸӡ
ȥĸڵĸĸøס

ĸоУ֪ʱţʱѾֽӳţ͡
˼齣Ժеͼɢ泩ĸо̴棬ʡ
ƿţݣ̤ԺС
ĵСԺ߻԰ٻţƣߴߴĽС
˸һ
С壬ˣ᷿
޷һ˿ң䣬໨СȹԽԵϸζ񻡣
ɩأĽЦʡ
ȥҰæˣӶô
ףɰۻˣĽЦҡͷǳԹˣ
ͷΪȻЦȥҳԣ˵ףȨˣԺܾġ
ãǾͳԷĽͷ
ϴʰˣݣѾںá
緹ܷʢӻĸˣ¾ƵСˣָһԼ׾ƣԼСࡣ
ӯ䣬̬ˣϾĽ棬ÿӣЦС壬ҪҪҰ㣿
ĽҡҡӣЦҪҵ֡
һϿӣòͬһЩһҹ֮һضȻһ㣬ȴҲէһΪƲӡ
ЦСǴôˡ
ǺǡĽЦЦҲ֡
ͷһѲɣΪվ
ΪֽԷ࣬һģһ߳Էܿ꣬ʰ꣬ʼɨԺ䡣
Ľóǰ
糿ϰɨԺӣȻһ̫ȭٰŪһݣȻ͵˳Էʱ䡣
ԺûɨȻΪæߣ¾Լ
ϵΧȹɨɨԺӣŹÿһ䣬æúܡ
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СڣŵʳһЩ
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Ľæ֣ɣ磬ԹۣװʲôҲ֪գ
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ĽʧȻңȥС飬𣬴µλʦ֣ͳ
ܰ飿Ľɡ
Ľƶĵͷģ磬ͳסɣͬС£ûʲô˵ġ
СûĽҡͷ̾Դɡ
ĽţƶҲ˼ģǺðɣҵȵȿԸСΪ鷳
˵գϸ½󣬵Ȼȥ
Ľæ磬Թ߰
Ľҡҡͷм£ͲԷˡ
հνҪߣȻһ٣ŤǺͿôܰԪɩ
ĽЦЦ
ĽҪ÷ˣҪ书ģ
ĽΪȻЦŰڰ֣ɩԪ̫һҪġ
Ľ˿ߵѽ̫Ҫģ
˵գתߣҲ
ģĽҡͷЦ
뿪ˣɫ̾С壬οΪðգ
ĽЦЦˣҪģɩҪ
гݸһͷһɣǱ۵ðգ
Ϊ㡣Ľӹ޲һɫľջŵ㡣
ȷʵһͷͷŹ⡣
˲ͷЦŻɩأ
һЦȻſڴ


20 
ðտȻֲ㲻ظԭǵЦУ̩һͷż󲽽
ĽЦæָڴǰͳԣҴɩ
ЦȻֹЦݽϣ̩ףٺһЦ죬ᣡᣡ
糺۾𴦣ҿˡ
ĽЦɩǽͳ죬ɡ
æͷŤɿߣһ㣬ȴԲʧӯ
ĿıӰ뿪̩תͷЩ˼ԭִµķˣͻ˼ˣ
ͳգҾͲӭĽĴ
ض񡣡̩ϣЦǻܣ
ܣģԺСȴ£ĵίʵһܡ
ĽЦЦҲûӣֲþֻˡ
ҿָ̩֣ĬȻɫȻ
ŲյˣŰɲյŵĽԣŽ̩ıӴơ
κ󣬽̩ۣЦЦ﷽ŵǸ⡣
ƽׯʣͳ죬С˲Ҫɣ
̩ЦˣղŶðԭ
ƽҡҡͷ΢Цһ¡
̩ׯ󷽣д֮Ϊ죬ȴ⣬תͷտȻǴͷ
ĽЦ˵һͨ˵Ҵ˴˴С㡣
ִ˵ò̩ͷЦƵ书ǴС״ĹҴģʤƣɨ˴С
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̩յյƲƲͷһڣʱһ飬ѿ̾ò裡
ĽЦͳϲЩȥǳξµĲ裬ɩͳһЩɡ
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ĽЦҴɩ书ġ
æڰ֣С壬˵գȥ
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ĽЦӦˣ磬书ķ޼֮֮֮Ϊף輫ۡ
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ĽЦЦҾ⼸
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ĽЦղ񹦣
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طԼȻǿࡣ
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ĽͷȷҲǡ
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յȥ֪У̩Ѿȸˡ
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бգϼ졣
СԺȾ˺ɫһʻţ͵иԽޣһ紵ߵ졣
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ʦ˵˵УʦʵһֻһֱԪֵǰſʼ澭һʱͻͽ̶ʱѾˡ
ԼʼΪһ㣬ֻһҪ׷ϴʦֵĽҲޱȣͬޡ
ͬޣָܱʦһҲûʲôá
ͳ̣νӡ

̩ӦˣҲ˵ӻͳһͲ⿪һӣĽһƳ
һдĸ֣̫澭
ϵдͣپ·ֽһ㣬ֽ
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ĽͷСĵĽӹ֪ţÿһ쳣ԼͳԼνˡ
ף׻ΪԪ
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̩Ѿ̹˵ļ䣬ϵڶȻŤͷſڣüˣ
˵䣬ػ¡
漴ҡͷЦˣǼ


21 
䣬ŲУһ˴ձԳ֣ǱɫӢɷĽλʦ֡
ͷ棬лγϹ΢Ц
λʦ֣룬ͳҲڡĽǰһƵʮһӭ
ȸ̩񣬼ϣ齰Ժ룬࿴˼ۡ
ξӣֱӿЦͳ죬ǡ
̩һ֣ξ٣ôˣ
ξٺЦʦˣܲƣ
й򵹲٣̩һӴİɣȻȥˣ
ĽЦͳβλʦһ𣿡
ҾͲﰭˣ̩ڰ֡
ξס̩ӣٺЦɲɣǻҪͳʦܵأ
ͳ죬һ߰ɡЦ
̩˿ǣһˣĽӣǰԡϼУԺ졣
ʦܣû˯ðɣɽĽǺЦǱһû˯ãҪһģȵڲ
ȷʵܡĽͷЦ
ܣܺת
ξЦʦ֣Ҷ˵˱µģʦܲ˯ģ˵˰ɣɫ棬ɷһû˯ӣ
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鵭Ȼݶ˺ʮһ
æ׷׻񣬼棬Ҳмֻ㱣عˣһһˡ
ĽЦ㣬ô硣
ţʦ˿ˡЦЦ˵һף²ͣƮȻݡ
˰꣬СԺһȥˡ

ιξչѹʦܣ㣿
ĽЦŵͷǰôʦϵҶ㣿
Եξæ֣ٺЦһΪϵŮˣûһȵϴСأҴ
ĽЦʦҲˣ̫߳ˣ
˵ξæɨһӷ򣬺ߵֻǲԸ˵ǲᣡߺߣҪǹ׼յ治öϱ
ʦܣߵתĽҲ书ա
˶Ľ
ĽͷЦѩӡʦ̫ŵӣ书Ҳ֪ǳزͰɣǲǣͳ죿
Ī⡣̩ͷ
ξƺţգ
ߣǼһҲ֣̩һۡ
ôʦܣξǲţתĽ
ĽЦЦ书ǲ֪ҲûҶ֣ǳǼģ³ա
̩æڰ֣ߵɫҲˣ
£ȻտȻľƲͷɱϾһҪٺȣĸСһ׼ſ£ǾͶ˴ˣ
ĸЩԸŲ
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ˣտȻ쿴ɡ̩ӻóͲˣıø
Ľ˵𱡲ӵͷ༸˱죬ְΩ־
ĽѸȥĺγרעţһҳһҳúܿ죬ԼľʢҲ졣
ΣСԺ۾ȴܲɵ

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סˣ̩֣صʡ
ĽȻͷסˣлͳ죡
̩ڰ֣ߵǾһºգ
£棬˵ѩӡʦ̫ɣ
һ룬ɫȻһ䣬ӳֵѩӡ᣿
㻹ûϣ̩ߵ
ӳֵѩӡᣡȻݣĽʧ˴ݳȡ
ĽЦҶȷʵӳ֡
ָҡͷЦ۲ʶ̩ɽԭ㾹ѩӡĸͽ
ʦ֣ѩӡᣬĸѽξգգۡ
һֱڸµӢ಻ʶѩӡ𷨾տڹյĸɮ£Ȼ
ŶξͷɫɮˣԴʦʣݼڣ𾴵ġ
ɽЩΪȻߵѩӡ᲻𷨾书߼¼ŵĶ֣
ЦЦǱͳΣ
ҸЬ䣡̩ߵ

˵䣬ŵĽǰʣأ
ݣˮȴֻĽҲ̩ˣֻһ
ĽЦȥˣ⼸סǶˡ
ѽҡףȻ΢ЦȻһü첲ôˣ
ҪһСˡĽЦЦ
ơüǰһѾվĽһ࣬Сָ̧֣
˵Ŀʱ
Ϧӳ£ָԲܷհõѿɢĹþˡ
ǻëһָԼϣˣëһ¶ſˡ
Ƭ̺΢΢ͷţˡ
ĽЦҪһӾͳɡ
Ƕصˣ鷳صҸһΰա
ΣĽЦʡ
ЦұѰС˻û
Ǻð԰ɡĽЦ
زٶ˵첲ֺʮʱׯϡ
Ƭ̺ϼ仯⻪תԽԽӨ·Ļ˰񣬾Ө󣬹֮·
ɫɮƮƮվɽ֮ӭźƺҷ磬㷢Ʈڶжڶ
漸һƬʱأŮط˷ȥһ̣ǾжĤݵĳ嶯
˫Ө⵴һУĽҸ첲ٿ̧𣬶ƽһֻεס
ӨƴƳɺΣĽұ£ӯ鶯һȻڵζ
˫ջأٴκʮӨ⵴ӣһɫɮƽϣ㷢䵽ͷ
ָǰϸӨףôӨȴɫ㣬㷢ЩңʹĽޣղˡ

غ̩Щɣ̽ʡ
Ȼһ۽̩㾹֪
̩æغ˵ѧһ֮ƣжţҵü
صһЦΪ㣬ֻţɱˡ
㡪ĽЦ
Цðɣ˵ھˣ
Ľһռˣ
ÿһʱЦָ̽̽󣬵ͷӦþͺ
տȻǺø̩һĽ顣
ĽǺЦҲ֪㱾£
ص΢Ц˵գȥҿ
Ľкɩ쿪ʼɡ
áصͷЦʲô
ŪͳɡĽЦ
̩æվæֵ𣬡տȻҲˣ
ͳ죬ϾԣĽЦ
ɲɡ̩ҡͷհգҴţҪģ
Ľ˿ˣǴʦ¡
һ£ҡͷ
Ľ״ҲûǿЦӦˣ뿪

̩һ˺ܿҴ壬ɽ·С
̫ɽĺɫԶѾģСĿԶȥ
һԲֻĬĬ·û˵ȤĪļžУֻ৵ķХ
ù󣬵ɽߵʱξ̲ס˵
Ťͷʽ̩ͳ죬ѩӡĺ
š̩ͷ˼
жξʡ
̩²ͣ룺÷˼һҲס
ξŲһ£æָϣͷЦʦһ˼ʣã
ɽʣͳ죬ʦܵܺã
̩ҡͷ̾غصˣֻҪһڣʮɱţ
뵽ԼտȻ֮Ȼغ֮𣬲ٺãҲܴտȻġ
뵽һ÷
ԴӼأ·һֻͻ㣬Ľš
ɽЦʦܺ˵ε˵˾ʵʦã
ƽʱξͷĴʱȴֻҡͷЦЦ̾ѡ
һʦиý㣬ø磬ĽԼɿŬɣȡʦܣ
˾һξԣСӵ⣡

ĽСԺĺɫ֣Щģ˵Ժ԰Ժ롣
ؽ˳ʦ㡮磬к
Ľϣһ飬ĵĵͷšһ
ˣʦ˵μ¸µӳ·ᡣط·˵Բ
ĽƬ̣ҡͷлʦ̫Ҳȥˡ
ôȥ졣
Ľ÷Ժĵӣȥˡ
һʦӳֲαأ
лʦ̫ˣɡĽҡͷ
æ룬Īƿ
һڳһԺ룬Զȴ졣
Ľֻҡͷ飬ЦҴ˴ɩɹ򡣡
ףôĵӣӰһ΢ȻسڴǰΧȹմ˰档
ü𣺡˽书ɴˣ
÷ѧģҪĽЦ
æ书ǱģָܣÿһķǧܶУһĶҪӵģԣݺ
ĽЦŰڰ֣İգһẦɩɣ
ѽ㣬ҪСѽҡͷ̾Σ֪Ȱ
ֵ˰ɣ
Ľַ飬̾ڽš
ȥɲɣü
ĽԸ񲻺ϣίʵ鷳
ߵҲǣӺɷ򣬾ͲŴɩһ
ĽŮˣ粻˽ƽϡ
ΪΣæʡ
ĽɩߣĽᣬħ˺ƽľġ
࣬Ӱɣص
Ľҡͷ£ҵ취ڼ£Ūģʲô⣿
ǰĻͲң˻飬ǼóӦŮ˵ġ
üޱ㷢̾˿ȥ˿Ҫɢˣ
ĽЦи˵ԵͲظŲˡ
ô˵Ժ˼άʼ취
˵䣬ҵĽŲӣϣˡ
أӺһһۣû
ͷӾûһûϰһۣŤͷЦؼǴͷˣ
Цʣͷǽͳգ
Զԣʲôͳ죬ǲǺףæʡ
΢Цҿɣͦá
ЦǣͲҵĻ
Ц˵һͳ죬ҲŲأ
һ˵Ȼߵ
æŤȥţΪڣǻֱ˩Ժš
ܿһˣЦСģ
ĽһЦʦ㣿


22 
ǰ֮һŹپ£վڵƹмֵһҹ紵°Ʈˡ
ӣСڣĿϬֱĽ⽣ʡ
Ľ΢Цʦݹ٣ԣ
ȲʣСʦ㣿
ĽЦǣǹƹʦ㣬ʦý÷Ժһ֣
ϴһ۹ƣеĵͣǸùվţ˵
˵ŻӭǰƵС֡
˫۷Ź⣬أɵվţϲ裡
Ŀڹһת΢ЦЦùŹ֡
գæŤݣܿСľ̳һյ裬΢Цɡ
һֱŹС֣´üЦĵǿ㣬б£ѵãѵã
ĽЦеĿţҲ˵
һüһۣǿЦЦ
߯ˣ˼ˣЦ
˵һ֣һۣתʱЦеģﻹʲôˣ
һǿЦЦĸʦ˵仰
úãǾԺ˵ɣǶݣæͷŤͷĽСĪҪ˹
İգĽæͷ
һӣֶ֣ʱԲŤͷԹЦЦȻŴ˻ݡ
ĽĿǽݣתҡͷЦЦʦĪ֣ÿͣˣҲԹ
ƾ¹һտȻʦܣ㣬һҹƲ䲻ˣ
ĽһЦЦ˻ν⣿
ĸʦϴ飬вæòֺǿЦˣҪҴСһ㣡
ĽͷЩΡ
ʵ޻˵쿪ʼǴ磬λʦ֣ŵúܣ˴С㡣
ЦЦȻֺʮһ񣺡Сʦ㣬
üЦһһºСȣǵʱټ£
ü˼⣺տȻȻöԸ־ᶨؽ
С˵书һ̶ȣߣ죬زڷ飬ؽǡ
ĽЦЦð֮ãһֱ̹ʦ⽣ϧϴûԸ
ߣʱʶģһҵĻ˵ˣ
˵գһ˦Ťߣżһ£ƮƮƽɿ⣬ձһתʧ

ĽʧķҡͷЦЦλʦ㵹ǸĸģȻǷŮӡ
˴Ҵҳһ°ΧڵС
һѾס½󣬽еðСôŪģַˣ˼ҹˣ
֪͵Ľ빬˵ѹֻܿɫ
һֱЦȻˡ
ĽЦŪˣҸʦɲǵзѡ
šô£һ֣ƲƲ죬ôĹúദ
ĽЦҵ˼Һúദ˼ҲӦ
ţòмƢġϵͷһۡ
ߵ㿴ʲô
ɣƢЦ
æ⣺С壬òһֱģ䣬˰ա
ҡҡͷûĺߵɩǳˣϹ
仰һ룬Ƥ򣬶ʱɺҡͷ̾ǰСǳˣȢϱģ
صҲ𼱣˵ѽٹʵۻگ˽أǲǣ
ϾһæԣͷӣҪúûţܵȵһģ
ðɺðɡӰڰ֣Է˲ɣ
ЦúãԷ
ǰ䵭ǧ֮⣬粻ʳ˼̻һ㣬ڼȴŮȲĽܳ谮ĶŮ

غȻϣѾֹۣܡ
վʱ峿࣬ʵʣ·ֿɼŰ׹һֱûչ
ڶ죬Ծġ
ᵽСԺ룬ֻɩ϶ȥҰæˣһͻӳ֡
ʰ꣬ǰԼȻƵģɹȥһ֮ڣɡ
ú档
ʲôҲ澭ҲޣֻϣϢ·붨Ժ˼άȴڸת
˰죬һ²⣺Ű׹ҪĻգǿ
ϣʱһθ¶԰ٻ룬εϣܿգԽԽʵ
ϴӹ˳
ͷһȫӿƺƺˮȻϯ־ѸӰķת
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ʱʮ޵ĶǿסʹڲˣרעŰ׹С
ٿһ£һᣬ漴һůԾһȪУů泩ʹһʧˡ
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վʳůڵģֻ΢ȣ΢۶ѣԺԡ
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ϵİ׹ʵЩнԼ²
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վׯϺƴ󣬾ţѲɣԼƫˣ
룬ͣһͣҿһ̫óӣ׹ħɾٲ
ϲָ
ţݣСԺӳ̽ͷС壬ˣԷô
ĽӦһãԷ
ϴ󣬷Ѿڵϣڵģ硣
һϮҺɫ£޶ˣĽÿӣЦʣС壬㲻ô
ĽЦЦˡ
һæʣúõģôˣ
ĽЦҪ̫ˣ˵ӡ
Цָպãˣ֪ˣֵһԹ
ĽЦЦҡҡͷ

֮峿ʱ֣÷⡣
һ÷죬ſӴĸǱɱڣˡ
һϱɫЦеĿĿŹ֡
Ӵĸ÷׻ĽĹϵá
÷ĵȣסͭססף书빦ѫ㣬ÿһ㣬нˮ⡣
׻վǰÿһת
ĽʮһЦеʣӴ磬ʲô£
û£û£տȻȥɣӴЦȴ϶˵
Ľ˿ֿˣٶʣ˸


23 һ
һ̤÷ֻ羵ӳűգơ
ʪ£ˬ졣
ʮǧëٿһſĽ̾˺ڣʵܣ
Уֲ飬һһ飬첻ׯϣĻɫɮƮƮźߴǰԺһȻ֮ȡ
ӭ꣬ī̳оװɾ䣬˿ԺĵӣԼʮӢ˲
˵Цˣ̧ͷĽɫһ䣬ϱС͵ĽһۣĿһæתŹ֡
Ľʮһ񣬳΢΢ЦЦ²ͣװû
˺ܿ콻ȥĽˣ˵ۣտȻ
Ӧþ÷ûĺС
ģҲѰʤ˹ʦ㣬˲ò࣡
£ǽԺģǹ
ԺĶǹ츳õ˼ʣԹûһӣ
ٺ٣⻰ùʦˣ׼Ͷ̥ȥ
ʦæ׼ȷһǣйǣ
ǸУǰ׵һ
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էԺУź˸ͣײһȣɷ֡
Ľ¶Цݣʦֳʦξڽ֣ʦʦֺɽվһЦеĹս
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ξ֣ٺЦʦܣǱȻһ£⼸͵û
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ϰ׹ļʵ׳󣬵ԽѸ٣ÿֻʱ澭١
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ԹվԽΣ죬²ףԶסջŻ÷

ξӦʹ죬˷ܵĽһνʣЦɣҼʶһʦ湦򣡡
ĽЦʦ֣ҿɲ
˵գһ⣬صξǰ
ξֽһܣ侫䲻ݷ֮ʱܿ⣬ȴһӡ
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û뵽Ľ֮죬ξ˺һХһĽ
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ξһʩչʱϲ磬ųӶ棬Хƾˡ
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ͣξһȻһԾһɣֽе˲ˣ
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ξԲ۾ŭһۣߵС־߯󣡡
ʣ˦֣˦ȥС
°⣬ʦС̫ˣӲһǣڱһ飬̫죬Ӳײɡ
ٴһԼղסˣǿɶ˴ˣ
ĽǺЦŹ齣ʣȫһʽľʦֺܶࡣ
ξһ֣޺޵ĵͱ¸˾ˣ
ɽ̾ϢʿգĿ࿴ʦܣӰ÷ʮ϶Ϊһˣ
ĽЦǣӰķ߶÷ʮ
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¶΢ЦʦܹȻ֮ʣ
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λʦ֮УʦֳȸϣʦֳǸȺ㣬ʦְɣʦֱֺˬ߷ɡ
֪ʦޣʦʦֻãʦֶǲġ

һνʡ
ٿһһ߳ڱϻУƽƽǰһݣƵУĽǰ
Ľ亮һһ죬Ե
಻ϵ
罣ƮݣȽȽƣ͸һƮݣ񲢲죬ƫƫ飬Ž֡
˽ųУⲻͣײÿ彣ΨжĴ졣
Ƭ̹󣬳ƮȻˣҡͷЦʦܣʤˣ
ĽʣЦźʮһ񣺡ʦ֣ˡ
ٺ٣ʦ֣ζ˰ɣξЦֻ
ƳһۣɽʦǿӲãˡ
ֲءɽЦ
ξסĽӣٺЦʦܣ˵˵ôô
ĽЦЦҲ֪ˡ
λʦȻƣʮ֪
ʮǰΨһŦλ⣬˷
ңʮãؼĽ꣬ǿˣЧ䣬һ÷ѧ书Ϸˡ
˼λʦ֣ûʲôЧ˻ɣǲͽ鷳粻˵
һʮ꣬Ϊ˽⡣
ôûôľأξ첲߬߬ȭͷ̾ҡͷѡ
ʦܣԺһˣ
ʦ֣ɲҵĽһæ֡
ڰ֣Цʦʽǳʤڽ죬֮ֵöʮޣһ֮䡣
˵ȻһŮ
Һ䣬òԼʮ꣬ı·͸˵ˮңίʵˡ
վ̨ϣ俴ǡ
СԲξæеЦӭȥСԲСʲôԸ
СԲбһۣһߣĸտȻ
СɮտȻĽǰһʮһ


24 
տȻСԲ´һۣĿͷϣͷգС룡
С㣿Ľɻ
ξɫһ䣬æСҪʦܣ
СԲԲ˶ţСһָξξٸҷϻÿտȻȥɣĪСõȣ
ʦ֡Ľתͷ档
İռ׼Լ÷ǳΨ̵ıǼʦ֣书ǿǲҪ޺ȴ˳֮
һ£ȭСԲºһЦСԲ֪СʦкηԸ
СԲ˱ŭɫʦ֣İգС㲻ģ
ǺЦʦܳէʲôضʱСԲһ
СԲæͷͷĵðɣðɣǾͱϹǺ£տȻĥˣ߰ɣ
ĽЦЦʦܣȥɡ
áĽͷʮһ񣺡СԲ롪
СԲһŤСһߣɽǳԺԶԶȥʧںߵС
ʦ֣Ҫɣξŵʡ
ҡҡͷԶջĿ⣬ЦҪǴСʦܣȥɡ
תһɨˣʦŲãΪʦֵģܰں棬úգ
ǣʦ֡ȻӦ

ĽСԲź»С
죬̡֦
ΧһƬʪ󣬺ϲԣʯڷòֱӡ
СԲǰͷ֫ϸ·Ϊһ֦Աߵ֦УԲڱҺ¹ߣɢջ
Ľվнϵİ׹ԽʵҲ֮ǿо֮ơ
ʮ޹ۣ׹ǹۣͿƲס
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26 С
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27 ս
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ҳȫ㣡ƽ죬һЦ
һϮһȾµٳˣɫ䣬˫۷ˣ͸žǿ
ĽϽ΢Цʦ㣬롪
һУһƬͷк£״ƽ
Ľżһ㣬ͬʱν֮˸ʮӰβǰ
һཻУ⽣Ϊ潣˲ʮΡ
˳ŽϷбһܿ潣ͬʱ⽣һƬ⣬кĽ
Ľ֮һż⣬磬ؿڡ
һ⽣ƳƵüֺ˪
һ׷һ㣬ŲƱãһ٣಻һ׶һǰ
ǿĿɿڴԣ԰Ρ
ԽԽ죬˺ӰһӰһӰƮӰռ̨ϣһ
ʱãȻˣֻܲ׽һƬģӰӡ

Ľһ̲סƣһС㣬˭ȡʤ
÷üԽ룬ųҡͷʤ֮磬书֮壬˭ץסᡣ
Ľ̾˿ãȭͷ߬øָж
Ա߼۾һ˲˲Ϣ̨µĶ˿˶ȴܿ塣
šһƺߣӰɢȥֳֹˡ
ɼΪͻأ죬һʱӦ
˶⽣͸ĽؿڣŽһ졣
ĽƽĿأһͣס
ĽһѪɫ˲ȥɷֽ


28 Σ
һ˫ۻָ㵿ʵ㡭ܱܹģΪʲô㣿
Ľ¶һ˿Ц˵رȥ糱ˮӿ˲
ֻǧҲ֧Ųסɼǰæý֧ţֱֹסȥơ
Ƹ붯ߴһ֡һ飬ɿǰһΣѳ⡣
÷ɫӰس֣Ȼֲ嵽Ҹ£ּؿڣ˲ϢʮѨ
ĽʧߣȻڡһվϡ顱һˤ泯ˤ˸ʵ
æҵҪǰ̩һѱסִ£һȣ
ĽУһѨ˫ſһ̤ܵļʽΪһ
̨һȾˤһûۼ½סֻ۾ܶ׺ݵŽ̩Ѫ˿
̩÷ëͷЦִĪдСڣտȻµģİգ
Ľ粻˵һۣĽǱߡ

̩ҡͷЦ߹ȥʱƽԷСԲΧĽߣĿ÷ʩȡ
ʧǵվ⣬ҧź촽ߣƮƮһ֮С
̨µ죬̽ͷ̽ԣ뿴ס
ʦ֡ξŽţͣɽ˸һš
ˮ̨ϣξڰ֣üߵٵȵȣȥǰﵹæ
ξ̾һţһߺ޺ʦҪи̣ҪƵ
˵ⲻģɽæɫǣƽյ̨ϣʦܼ࣬µģ
æͷԣԣʦܻµģ

÷ѨָóӰ·˼ֻ֡
ָӰȥ÷һԴɳƣСԲ÷ĵ
СԲæӻͳһֻСƿƴСԲӨһöĵ裬Ľ
Ľȴѣǿãסʹĺڰſ졣
ҩ켴һӷθ𣬻ΪѸһ񣬺ʱؼ֡
÷״һΧҲ˿
С㣬⽣СԲָһ⽣
⽣ԲϣûҰγ
÷ҡҡͷţɵϣ⽣λãɫأüСԲȥشã밲ϣ
ǣСԲӦһŤߣأƮƮ·Уתۼʧǰ
÷Ĵ֮һλȻشã˵ҽȻСûվտȻ
̩æС㣬տȻĶӳֵӣغ
غ÷ͷһֱĽߣƲ󱳣
룬Ŀ͸Ⱥ䵽Ľϡ
̩С㣬ȥһӳ֣
÷ףҪӦȻһ£ͷȥӭĽӡ
Լҡͷ
÷˼üտȻʦںΣգ
Ľ΢ЦҡҡͷԽһȪֱգñˣֱӡ
̩æС㣬ʲô˼
տȻʦ㡣÷ҡͷ
̩һ°θߣеⶼʲôʱˣ治ҪտȻǲأģ
Ľģɫ԰ףȴȣ˭Ҳǲ塣
⽣ûۣνһֱûӿѪȴڳѪ
ĽǰδеĽ˼ά磬鶯֮ǿ֪һ˷Ҷһ˵ҪѪġ
һҪԼԤС
ΪԼԤУңҲη
һö֪ˣƢҪֵòɿԸ
ۣ֮ŭҲۡ
ƽˮ䵭ȴǺƢģһ漰ԼǾͻһˣ񻤶ĸϻһ㡣
һ̣ʢйٸһʹؿڴΪоʹ֣ʡ
ɾ쳣ͣ·ξµĽʯΡȻһֱ˼ά磬鶯
Ȼվ֮ʯɶ
һ̣Ȼı⣬վǿңˣˮߵ̰ӣкξ壿
վͼϳ֣ϵһŰ׹⣬ٿһ£ǻһУůԣҵʹһʧ
ӵã·һ

С㡪̩š
÷ֵͷһĽۣ΢ЦĪһҡͷͳ죬ȵȵȿ÷ĵһʱ̲Ҫô˵
̩սӣŽźݺݵ÷һۡ
ƽ÷˵СʱȴеۣƽҡͷһСݵ÷СĲ
ǣܹܡ̩³һڴش
쳤ӣһξæѹʦգʦ֣ȥ
æһ̧֣ɣ
ξգҾͲףⶼʲôʱˣǿغǺ𣿣
ǴС㲻룬ʦܲãɽҡͷ
ξŤŤӣ£ʦͻȥˣ˵
ʦܣ㰲һЩĪңһѹסüߵ
ϳʦܲµģɽο
ξߵһġɣ
ס죡Ťͷɫ
ξʱһ²ӣ촽˶ȴûҶ˵ʵ
ʦǴģȻ⣬ҵȵٿɽ򣬵
̨ǰһΧһŵ÷ǱߣֿվһԷĹơ
ưƮƮԶߣ˫ɣУһ¶·Ŀչ
һ̨̣ƮƮӵĸƮǺ޲ð§úðο

СԲӰ֣һľ䣬ƮƮ
һߣ׷ͯգò񳣬ƮƮݳˡ
СԲһһߣȻһʮɣⱼ˿СԲ
С㣬СԲżһ㣬ϸ̨æе
÷ϣ
С㣡ϱȭƽǱȭÿһ·ȥ
÷ͷŰϣϣֻشξȻ
СģС϶صϱһȭָĽϡ
Ƭ̺÷һտȻϣ
ʱĽ΢˫ۣ·˹ȥȴվУйٹرգӦ硣
üͷ֣˿⽣λãȻһ£һڷϣһ˽Ѫϻס
ûô÷ü̡
ҡͷ̾˿
С㣬ȥ̩
÷üʣϣпغܾ
غһ漴¶ϧ飺غƷɱϾܡ
̩ʱĬȻͷȥɫѿ


29 վ
Կɣ÷һȻ˵
ͷҽһԣ
漴С㣬Ҫһģ
ƣ÷幬֡
һֱڷɣ·ȥէԼ֣ѭ㯡
÷֣ƣһ£
壬˵Ŀע£߹Įǿ´һƬ۵ӣҧơ
̩Ťͷҧҧȴû˵
Ͼд裬ۣʲô⣬˭Ҳ룬ֻʧְˡ
÷ƣϵķԸ
ǣС㡣ͷͷһĽ˸µĹ鸴ӡ
ģ÷ü⡣
æ˼ת򰲳ϡ
ϸףƬ̣С㣬ӽעԱȡʱٳѪ
÷ͷְ⽣ء
ֵƹ㽫壬
ƵͷĽĿλá
ĽȻ̧ۣͷһ۹ƣ÷˫ˣʵʣξ֮ˮ
鸴ӵɻĶۡ
÷΢ЦտȻʦҪνҧס
Ľף΢΢һЦݳ
оȻţǰҪǰ׹䣬ίʵӢţ˴ݣǳ˿ɼ
÷Ȼأ˹лؼؼˣƣ˲á
һĽҲ۾
̩˿ƽǣֿ÷һţתĽ磬뿪˸̨

Ʊϸϸע˽ֵٴ֣һֱһУĴɻ
Ľһֱǿֱǰȡƣջ˶ִû˴Ǳ
йƵüˣĽĳһ̳ȥҪʯ٣˭ݡ
Ľһ֣⼰壬룬Ҫ̽ʱȴȻһͣԼС
ʱ¶һ˿Цʲô
ƾĿ콣ܴԼҲɱܿԼĽΪξ棬ô£
޲ץĽ죬ʸס
÷أȻȴһֱĽô׾
̨Ųӣſ棬ξҲ۾ֱţټ䳡š

һֱĽ󣬺ȻڣСӣҪνˣ
Ľ΢Цͷ
С㣬νϳ
һ⽣壬ĽһƺһʱӿѪȪ졣
÷Ŀһ򰲳ϡ
ɫأϧĿĽҡҡͷ̾С㣬Ϸˡ
÷¶ˣ̾ϢһĽһȴݣ˿ûн־塣
ĽпЦǾһԼΣյľأ
˲ۣӡ
ƺȻִһƣ˫ưסĽģֹסĳ鴤
ɫ԰ֽС㣬
÷̾ϢһĿԽ롣
С㣡С㣡ƵỽֱĽѪӿӳ鴤Խҡ
ƣ˰ɡ÷ѵ˵һ䣬ɬɳƣ·һˡ
µģµģ૵ֱǿҵģտȻ
˽ҡͷ̾ϢȻˡ

ĽȻһţö÷ֻһ飬ֱ𿪡
ĽһƳˣĿȻʵʡ
˫ǰѸٽӡת֮ʮӡ˷һ˫ۡ
Ȼӳ鴤ӿѪȴһʱׯϣ·ķ
÷̾Ϣһ֪ǳˣʾˣܿҪԲŶȥ
תͷСԲִ¹ա
СԲ涣һ˶һ뵽Ľξº͵΢Ц·ӿ
ĨӦһƮƮȥһ磬ת۲
ʧĿĽһʧǡ
÷һۣһ䱳ģȹȥһܴ̼̫ġ
ϿĽϧƽԷҲ飬һϱҪȥĽ죬ҲȻ
ϧĿУӽƽ鴤ͣѪҲֹͣѪѾˡ
ؿڵҲͣ£һԽׯϣһʥϢ˲ɵס
Ľ૵ͻ˸̨ɷֽ˫ͨ죬ˡ
һģ䣬켸ҹû˯
СԲ̩ں棬СԲףֳ뽿
̩ɫһһ˫۾â˸·һѹֵĻɽʱ緢
ĽһƿǰԷĽϥɫ԰ףûһѪɫһˡ
ĽʧĶĽ
̩һַѨ˯ȥ
ԷǰһʳָͣĽǿǰƬ̺󣬱ҡҡͷ̾Ϣһûˣ
ҲţĽ˵ƴһһνĽؿڡ
֣÷һ⽣ʱʣƽסѨ
ףϺȻС
æתͷȥ
ϣ÷æʡ
ϾĽҡҡͷ
о𣿡÷ʡ
ɻ˵û˺ȴ
÷һ֣æһ֣𶯣
÷ϵʩչʲôȱҵȵȿ
žһ죬̩ȻһĶͷæտȻñҲܺģ
棿һæŤͷʡ
̩ͷ˵ʱͨ
ããϸƣЦݣ÷С㣬Сܱסˣ
÷һ¶΢Ц𷨹Ȼв˼֮ܣ

Ľһ붨һֱûļһûкڣԻš
䳡գϼӰء
̨ĽǸһˣͬ½Ƕһɫ÷㣬ˡ
̨֮ϣ÷̩СԲƣԺˣΧһȦĽΧڵС
÷Ժĵǽֹ䳡糿ԼԺ
̩ȫû˼һֱڸ̨ϣȥ㣬һ룬˯Ҳ˯̨ϡ
༸Ҳˣϴһαչء
ʱţת۹Ѿȥ̫У֮У÷޾ɡ
÷һ£ͦϥ͸һŴȣƽ͵Ȼ㡣
Խ㲣Խˡ


30 ת
һŰڸ̨ϣԱǼӣҫ£˸⣬͸ֹӡ
СԲ뿪ţ˸̨ǣն£ֲŪһС¯УƮһ㡣
ţγһĻȣİһգգ
֮һ̾ɢ
ⶼˣտȻ׶༪٣
ȷţôصˣôѪôܵ첻ԲȣҲˣ
ƫƫκ˲տȻֻܸż
ִµڶͲ²齣ֵĸãִ´ģ˵͵ˣݰ˵ϹģŪû²Сĵ
˿СƽͣģֻԼ֪СҲֻǲ˿ˡ
Ժĸһͷԣû˾ǶݣտȻộʦֵܸѾôǺԵء
ͳأڵšˮһ仰˵˭Ҳˡ
ǹ㣬ÿһһ֣Ǹɺ磬һȦ°͸ˡ
ӾǿСȥƫҪԺĸһ׺ݵ񣬿Ŷܣ
Χտ䳡ΧдУվ̨ϱӦĿȴѹֵúܣҪС
СԲ°ͣ̾һɢԽʡ

ף쿴쿴쿴ξȻٽеСԲŤͷһʱɴ۾
Ľһ߸ߣάϥˣһУׯϣ潵
ʱɫͣһ˿ȱ΢Ц
ʦܣξе
÷һ֣ξ٣ȵȣ
ξŤͷʱɷЦС㣬ʦţţ
š÷Ľͷָӣǰ˵Ī
ξ˼ͷæ͡
ղ鲻Խ÷һѣʡԼ³çЩڨڨ
ȴϾ񣬵ɴ۾Ψִκһϸڣ֪ĽûĻԾ˼
СԲҲܻţɴԲԲ۾
ĽգһԼһ㹦ɫɮۺȻˣٻ£һһ纣
ԽԽң˺죬Զ
Ȼ֪֮ʣһͣסϡ
ĽһƬҶأ˫ۻ򿪣кâӹÿһˡ
СԲһֻĿˣĶ㿪

˱ĿһգֻһһΡΡɽסͷհС֮С
һ̣Ľ滯ׯϣƺǣ̲סĤݡ
ʦܣξеЦ
ĽΨлϲޣ鲻ԽĴЦ
ʦ֡Ľ΢Ц˫͡
һ΢Цƺٿȥ·û֣ȴɬɳơ
ȿȿȿȣҿԼ漴ۡ³һںĶһѪ
СԲһԾƮƮȥת۴ǻһյտȻȵ裡
лСԲĽ΢ЦӹյһڣʱüģֿɬʵѺȡ
СԲһֱüæϵȵĲܿɣ
ȷʵࡣĽͷ²յ˺ʮһ΢ЦС㣬ͳ죬ʦ㣬СԲλʦ֣ͷλˣʵ
ʦܱ𶯣ξæǰ̫أڲҪ˰ɣ
ҪˣʦֲˡĽЦ
ξߴٵ£˺ˣҹûԶˣܵˣ
ȥʢ࣡СԲһԾæܿˣ񻶿С¹
ʦܣǺգټˣɽǺЦ
ȷʵաĽЦ
һأ뿪磬ǹվȥ켫ֽˡ
Ŀ䵽ϣ΢΢һЦʦ㣬ҲҪˣİա
㲣ϧ
ҧҧ˲һǧ꣡
৵ɹ߬ˣ΢ڣҪ֣ξҧ֨֨죬˫۵Բ
̩Ҳţ˫۾Ө˸
ĽͷǺЦ⽣鴫
΢̧ǿΪʲô㿪
һֱŹƣÿʱÿ룬ܶģΪʲô㣿Ϊʲô㣿Ϊʲô㣡
ͷһħ˯ţԲ£ʵڲôģܶ㿪İ
ܡɫϰɡĽԳЦЦ
üͷӣ뿴˼
ˣƣ˵䡣÷ڰ֣תĽտȻʦ˵ɴ⡣
ĽЦЦϥš

СԲһСƴСѩ󣬾ɫѪƮ
Сĵ͵ĽǰЦٳһЩӣþˣһ³Ե̫ࡣ
лСԲˡĽҲûֱӽӹ
ȵúܣ贵¿ڣ̫Сܿͳˣδһȷʵζޱȡ
ϳ˵ĳѣ¼䣬ֻϺ֮С򸽽ĺ߳٣ѡ
һֱ֣ӱȨȥ˸֪
÷ĵλҲûУ÷Ҷ÷ҵδϱƸʱҵĲһѣν֮
ңָҴ塣
ѹȻ鴫ôһСȥʱůڵģѪ΢֮С

˵Ŀһ̸ֱ࣬Ц˿ûв̬֮
ϲ󣬺ӿ
ôصˣνۼҪˣȴȻϥ붨һ붨ҹɫ󣬻磬·֮ˣ
£ǿʵڷ˼
СԲȥ밲÷ԸϸĽ
ϣСԲӦһСͻǣȻƮƮ˸̨䳡
ĽЦС㣬ҲҪˣ鷳˰ɣ
СΪ÷аָ
Ľҡͷ΢Цָϡ
÷ĿƬ̣ۣͷȷʵûˣһӣտȻʦô£
ӽĽں档
ĽЦҡͷС㣬ô£Ҳ¶úܣ붨ԲţȫнվΪȥ켫֣˲ŷţ˻˴
ϿЦ°ЦҪڿʵȷܸ֮


31 ̽
÷Խ̣䣬ܽ˵Ļȥ
΢΢һЦв˼֮ܣտȻʦ𷨾ѹд漣
ĽҡͷЦ
Ҳף˽Žɣ̫棬ȣջҪ䵽ϵġ
ˣˣϺ
һĻۣǣСԲ󣬼˸̨ٿͣĽǰ
絴½ҩζƮ
ĽʮһЦϣ֮ѱ
Уö£ϰһ֣һץס󣬴ָͱ
ĽˣЦп
Ƭ̺󣬰ֵۣĿĽ´
ϣвףæʡ
ҡҡͷԶĽ̾ˣˣ
ôˣϣ÷ʡ
ŤͷЦѪɢˣƺ˴룡໹治֪ʲô鵤ҩЧ
÷տȻʦǳξס֣˷Ÿɮ
ŶŤͷĽ΢Цֲãв˼ܣ
ʵ۳𣬷ŲʢҲŷ
Ľ΢΢һЦСޣ΢ĩ֮УԶ
⻰ǿȷʵʵ⣬ʶʦԵĺ绯Բţ֪֮Լǰķǳ⡣
֮Ϊһǧ磬硣
ΪȻ˲ãɾǴνٵףҪɷҪ
ҷǧͨɷ֮·ղҲһ
÷ЦЦӳ·ɲʲô˶ȥġ
ŶϸӲ죬ʮһ񣺡ʧʧӳ·˲ã
ĽʮЦҵ
ɨһΧ̩ͳ죬ôҴ磿
ִ²ˡ̩¶һ˿ЦݣտȻѽ
ˣĽһ漴ȻǱˡ
翴żǿӲʮ㣬ȴ˵УҲӲöࡣ
æȥ硣
˵һʮҪ뿪
÷տȻʦһȥɡ
漴һɨˣȥúϢ»ؿƿҪ⴫
ӦˣĿ뿪̨

ʦ֣ⲻΰɣξһŤۣ۵죬ٺЦ
滺ջĿ⣬Ц࣬ʦȷʵ󣡡
ξٺЦ˼бƣƣʦӲҲҪȻߺߣ
°ܽ˵һƲ졣
ξߣӣ֣ǽһ£˭
üߵˣʦܣˣ
ξ޺޵ʦ֣Ѿͷ̫գ˻ӲҲʦܺƢ˸ˣѪͷ
ЦһмŤȥƮƮԽԵε͸һ˵Ĺ¼š
ɽĿ뿪ҡͷʦܣ˰ɣ͸żΣʦ˵
ɶεģξֵĵûñʦܺĳȴԼС
Ϊ㣿ɽʣΪȻʦܵĸӰǳܶģ
ˣⲻŵξΪȻٺЦţɳ⣡
ʲô⣿ɽ׷ʡ
ʦţɱϾʱ̫̣̫࣬Ľ̫죬׷գһξ٩٩̸
ٺ٣أԼСȤǸɮҲϧأ˵Ц
ҲҡͷʧЦ
šмֵͷ¶һ˿Ц⣺ô򵥣Ϊƫƫûף
£ξЦǵ⡣
ҡҡͷԻȥˡ

Ľ÷УСԲں棬䳡ƺһСԺ
ŲҴңʶʩչӰٶȼ죬÷СԲĸں棬˵֪˵
СԺλںԺųΧһžܿ羵ʵһڡ
СԲǰͭŻ
ܿнŲһ˭ѽ
СԲ̺ɣңС
š֨һźվһŮĽԲԲӣĴۣԲǡС죬䲻ʮƯȴùɡ
Ů̺һ񣬽С㣡
÷̧֣ˣִ¿кתˣ
̺ɶʱȻҡҡͷüͷӻûѣһֱ˯ţβ̫á
˵棬ʡ
ĽϸһۣüȻԸͣĵعǸŮӡ
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32 
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33 
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35 
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Ů֮飬ҲûģտȻȻܺã°С㷼ĵˣϻûأ
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ƮƮУԣ磬˭֪Ӱ·ҪһٶѨأ
ɺ޵ǣѨ࣬ҪֲʱһΪʱٺһ˴ʧˣܰĥˡ
տȻǹ̨߽÷תһָǰΡ̨ܡ
Ľͷͷۿ̨ʯݾͣ׳ʣֱɭɭ֮
СԲһԵֻ̨Сϣ˲̨ģ
ĽЦ֮أǲ书ţ
÷һһۡ
СԲȻ֪
ĽЦЦͷ²£ɶˣ
ȷǸŹصء÷ͷʯݣ̬š
СԲȵĿҡͷѣ̨书ţ˼С㣬˭Ҳ֪ġ
˾ʮŸ̨ףĽ̤Ϲ̨ƣ羵Ϊ֮һ

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տȻСԲɮ۹죬ֱŶңŹ֣ǰһ
顱һغˣϵӣ͵һŲأƽƽһ⣬ʯ治ۡ
ɴ۾һԾĵĽ
ĽתͷͷЦлСԲ
ôСԲæ£ˮ̵廨Ь˿ʲôħ
÷˿Ľ룬˵ݴǵһ顣
ȻĻ̌ͷٿһۣҡͷ̾Ϣ
ᣬ˵о̩ɽѹѣԼСϡ
ƣΪ֮ǿԨѲ⣬ԼʵС¸֣ʶҲ
÷ʣտȻ㿴ʲô
Ľҡͷ˵ףΪһֻϣԺƺνСɼ
÷ͷ˼˸
ĽæŤͷʧ̬ίʵ̫ˡ
տȻþѽСԲ´Ľ
ĽǺЦЦСԲղŵˡ
СԲͺ¿СԲڰ֣һЦֲܶùأ
÷̨̤ףһĽ̽ǰȡһɫ
˩һɫС·ǳʳָ̣ݡ
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žһ죬ַű˿Ϸ죬Ȼһ£¶һ˿϶
÷ջףСԲһտȻƶȷʵס
ĽЦҡҡͷ̾ıչˡ
÷ţ粽ȥգ

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°׵̺򵥼Ҿߣͷһ齣ǰһϴһ߿յɫš
ϿĻɫӨ͸⻪Ӳӡ
ӵĲɹ⼫ã˿ûĺֲܰʧ廪
СԲֽ̽򿪴
ʱս¿ӿ룬Σ졣
һ㣬ֵ¯Ʈ̴ƣƢһ
æȥˮ׼衣
÷¹Ƥѥӣϥ£տȻʼա
ĽҲѥӣһţ˸ԶԶǡô
÷ƽͿ˿ղ񹦵Ĺ򵥣һףɣտȻ֪ΪΣ
Ľҡͷ
÷Ϊʹɵûܵס
Ľͷ
÷֪Ϊĸɮǿʹ̫ǿңԽ弫ޣֱӰʹȥȻˡ
Ľü
ղҲǷžѧտȻ㶨𷨾һԡ÷
ЩͬĽղ񹦡
Ľ΢ЦԿɡ
÷ףһ΢ЦʱݹãĽĿѣ֮С
һѹͷ˫ֽӡϢ
˲뵽˹վϧȴвͨԲ飬Ȼܱܿʹ࣬ȴ޷˹
һΨǿһ;ʵްգףԼžֻ֮Ǵɣ˿Űˡ
ղ񹦵һͼǰ滭ĺǸС֡
ɵʱһۣΪƽߣḮţȻһۣߣţȻһƽߣ̫ҡţһۡ
һǡγһС֣·߲ӡ
һ˿ӵ·߻УСͷԣΨʲôء
˿·仺Уȴ鶯һ߹һС֣ص
ĽȻһֻһҽۣϴΰһ
Цһģӵﵼһ˿߸ղŵ·ߣһοࡣ
ǿѸ٣ԶʤˣһȦת۹ɡ
һʹ֣ȸղŸʤһ֡
а죬һȦһȦߣһһӿһʤһʮȦ󣬻졣

÷룬Ľ
ɫ仯ÿһ£Ѫɫȥһ֣һѾ԰ֽͷ󺹣ɮ۽ϣˮʪ
ҡͷ
ղ񹦣Ҳȴǳֹܲסǧһʹࡣ
ǧ֮ԳΪ̣Ϊʹࡣ
΢΢̾ϢһöãտȻȥûһְܼʱġ
ʱţ仯ԽԽȡ
Ľ԰ֽʪɫţӲͣĲȴԼš
һʱתۼĽһۣɫήң˫籦ʯ
÷һۣӡ
СԲæյݹȥæտȻȿڲ裡
ĽЦŽӹһڣЦһղ񹦣
÷Ƭ̣¶һ΢Цһʱ


36 л
һЦڶʱһ
Ľ۾һ£æתĿ⣬ñ
漴ЦһưȻð̫澭߶ת۹򣬰ɢɮѸˬ¡
СԲЦտȻǾţ
ĽǺЦЦû˵Ҫ鹦ԪͳĪ˵ɴ
ЦղȻҪ
÷һֱ룬˼
ָׯƽͣףһʱǵһˣ
һʱĽЦɿ˫֣̾ʮ֮ã
÷΢ЦÿˣտȻҪ𣿡
ֻܼˣĽ̾¡
÷ĿתתܼһʱտȻ㶨֮˼飡
ĽҡͷЦ
ܼ˹վԲɺ󣬾Խǿɴݡ
ԼΪδ붨֮УоŴȴ
÷Ľ¼Ϊ棬֪ôģѲɣǷ𷨵Ĳ˼飿
÷ղ˷ëϴ֮Ƕ
Ľյһڣпĵͷ

صԺԺںܰӺ磬Ҷ
Ժֻ棬ڻȶ飬üͷ΢ࡣ
Ľҡͷ΢Цʦȷʵ꿡ܣֻұ̫̫һЩ̫ۡ
飬֣ʦܣ
Ľȥ棬Цʦ֣ʦأ
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ĽܶЦʣʦΪβȥ
汦ĵüëбޣӢ˲Ⱥء
ҹ˰ֵͣҡҡͷ簲Ķ飬һΣͻƣôͨʦܣʱҲҪ顣
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ĽЦǣȤ
ľҸߣҹ̫ЦһۣüʦܣƸˣ
ĽҡͷҪе۰ˡ
úϢĪº󻼡֣ض
ǡĽЦŵͷ
飬Ƭ̣ʦܣʲô㣿
㣿Ľһ⻰ʵͻأ
ԺﰲǳΪʼ񣿡
Ľһüë
ͷСȣǰɳ׻
ôףĽЦʡ
Цſ˿ҡͷ߲ף߲ѣ˵Слǰ죡
ֵ˻ô࣬ٺã׻ÿʮӣͭһ׶İһǧ
Ľզࡣ
һӣֵϺһٿǮǴǣȴߣһӣ϶ʮˡ
Ǹִٺ٣Ľʡ
Цٺôһʮ
Ľ˼ЦϾְƴ
ǡ͵ĵͷǻٺߡ
Ľʣʲôô
һѫÿйѫ׬¼ڱһЩöţùѫȡ
ʲôöĽʡ
һЩҩģҩȵȡ
û书ţĽ˼
ҡͷ书ŲûѧʲôѧʲôֻҪѧ˵ʦҪѧղ񹦣
Ľͷ
̾˶˵÷ԽǿʢȻ˵ĸ֡
̾ʦܻǱˣղ񹦲ġ
ĽЦЦҸղȷʵĥ
ֲɫˣ澪ȵĿ
ĽЦʣʦ֣׻ʦأ
濴˿ҡҡͷִ֪ȰûõģֻܴסǶ׻һֱû񡣡
Ϊβ񣿡Ľʡ
ҡͷǻЩóȻȥ̫ΣգٵһӰգҲ˰գȳ׻سٺ»
áĽͷȺȻӦ
ͷ¾ͽˣúˡ

˵Ż洫Ųӯ磬תۼһ˳֣ƮƮԺȴǹơ
һϮ°һȾ¹̨ͣϣɨһˡ
ʦáæ˱ȭ
һȭ俴һۣתĽտȻл˵
Ľû΢΢һЦʦ㣬ʲô˵ա
һΣƮ˻ȣƮ
ˮѩίʵģɫ˪ܽ˾ǧ֮⡣
ǰһĽǰʦãлú˵ʦܵ˻ûá
üߵʲô
ЩΣڨڨһЦ˺ԼӦˣΣʦò֮Σġ
ĽǺһЦΧʦֹˣʦüʱҶ֣
ҡͷЦ˵գȻȥ
˵գֿһ۹ƣǶȥݡ
ֻʣˣ죬Ӻȸߴߴ

ʦ㣬˵աĽ΢Цһָ泤Ρ
üһۣݵ̬Ȳȴ̶棬ֱֱ
ĽЦиӡ
˰ΣƿɫЩȻ
Ľ־Ĳͻһʱ϶ȻǿҲıܿ
Ľ΢Цʣʦкδͽ̣
ü˫ֱŵ棬Ƶ滨ݡ
ĽúЦΪ飬Цʦ㣬ҪҲ°ɣ
лģڵվ
Ľһ漴ǺЦȤӿɲǵлǵս
ЦЦʲôЦģ
ĽҡҡͷЦݣЦЦĵʦΪлң
֪ʣл飬һ˰ɣ飬һкظ޺޵
ĽͷЩΣЦúãˣʦ㲻ؿ
ỹ㣡ƺߵ˵գŤߣƮƮ磬ת뿪Ժ
Ľ΢Цʧķ򣬾Ȥ⹬ȻȴҲ
ų˻ȣ̾˿
ʦ֣ˣĽЦʡ
ô벻ѡͷҡҡͷΪʦˣ
ʦĽǺһЦ
˵ʱһ
Ľ벻⣬Цеģʦ֣ǲɵģʲô˵ĺã
бһۣʦܣǺУõ٣
ĽЦ̰գ࣬ʦ֣Ҫѽ
Цһҡҡͷȴ˵
ĽˣҲٶȰ֮һ˵򵥣ȴ԰Σ˰ﲻ˵ġ
ʱ䲻ãҶൢ飬ǻԼӣʼ붨澭
ԲɣԽǿתٶȿһһʱ䣬죬ھУžооıǿ㡣

ʱ֣Ϧ£齣㡣
ǼģһʱѾƣߣֻ˯ϢȻ
Ǵǰ붨һϢ
붨Ҳˣʢ֮ԴԴ֮Ȫˮ֮ߣ֮һ˰
ӣȴĸڻ˵ЦС
ξ֣ʦܣղ㡣
ʲôˣĽЦʣ߽ȥ
ԲһЩϹһƬǽ壬Ƥӵõǡ
ξ˵Զ硣
Ŷ˵ɣԹˣĽһҧһڡ
ξ
ĽЦðɣȥȻ¥ͣ
úãߣȥȻ¥ξʱ˸߲ҡ


37 
Ľڰ֣Цʦ֣м仰˵
ʦܣл˵Ī˳Էξͷ¡
ɽǺЦʦ֣£С°գ
ǹڿԺĽ
һüٻ
Ľĵͷʦ뷽ٻԸ
һʱڳȻ¥׼븮ģǰմ飬˵ˣȥˡ
һɫΧƺϡ֣
ٻɵģߵ
Ľͷ˵ˣƷ裬
鶯һǣЦ˾Ʒ̫ƽģһȾƱԱ¶ʲô
һ֣ϳĻĽʦܣΣ
λʦְæաĽ΢Ц
Ŀһɣָˡ
ˣʲô˵ģʰξڵվ𣬵۾е
ͷţǷʰ
ĽЦһʦƵᣬ²ӫģ˵˻ⷽٻԹǳ
ʦ֣ʦ֣ɽ
˶һۣţѵɣ
ʦӢξʱɷߣߣӣ޲ϳȥ
ƳһۣʦܣӦ
СһԶξмƲƲ죬ΪȻ
ҡͷٻ̣϶˼֣Сı﷭
ʦ֣İգŸξظĵ졣
絭ʦܣҰգ
вУξͷҡ㲦˹ģæģʦ֣˼
翴һۣⷽٻҵģ
ξҡͷͬ⣬ֵòֺ

Ľһ˵תͷ
ξͷİڰ֣װģʦܣʲô˵װԣ
ĽҲЦеĵλʦ֣ҳӣҶְա
ʦ߯⣡ξæѾǵѣ˻ûʦҴ
絭ݣɡ
Ҫֹ̧ˣͣͣ¾ͽʦܰգ
ɽȭһЦ
ʦ֡ξ
ס죡һۣߵȥ³Էˣ
תͷʦܣ¾ͽˣģר
ĽЦʦ֣ٻڳȻ¥
һ漴ȻЦøʦܣֶ˵ãղŵͨ籨ŵģ
ĽͷǺЦǰȻ¥м˵ġ
аʦܣмֶʦֵķξٺЦȰ
ϾСĽЦҡͷˡ
ЦȻʦ̨ܰӶˣǾͳϷɣ
ߣξ˸߲ҵĺȵ
뿪Ժ÷ǰȻ¥
Ȼ¥÷֮ϣŲԶһֱߣ־͵
ең£ǽͷأԣ޴ڣյô硣
԰Сָ̯ĽڶæСڴЦ֣Ȱּ֡
ʢ֮Ľϲƽ͡
ʮ߰꣬ϾΪˣʢĽ׶ΣǰҲ˼
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ǰܲʶĽЦ²̤ͣ¥ݣֱ˶¥
¥ٸһһ򣬱˴ܿҪſ˵С˶Էһ֡
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ĽɨһۼתЦ档
ξٺЦʦܣһﻹڣߣȥ£
浭ԸһҪŶ֣ȿ˵
֪֪ʦ߯СˣξæͷЦϾƣȵòٶ֣ǲ
ĽЦһۣǳʦƭˣʵ֪Ļ࣬˲
СǱߡһָ
鹧æͷС
УԺĵӵģ߲ɼǰ;Զһ÷ӿɱȡ
ֵˣ˱ǵĲ㣬Ͻһſǰ
ٻ̧һɨˣоâһüͷĿͣڳϡ
Ľֲ飬ȳϣӭĿ⣬΢Цͷ
һƳתۣԷٻӶ
̶һ·ٵĿ⣬ĽͷŹ⣬ɫɮۣ˵УΪĿ
ĽԾҪͷպ֣עĿǺ£

ף˰£ξ֣ĽԵλӣŷٻһ
˺ܿ˱ǣɫζȫƽ̳յҾƣ˵ľǳת۹˵ס
ξԲǺ죬ɫ棬ȴ˫۷Ź⣬Խɷ
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˵ξһɴ۾һ֣˭Ҫˣ˭Ҫˣܹ൹ңٺ٣Ц
һȣ·մһ¥һÿϵľ̳졣
Ľ΢΢һЦٻü
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ͷһ̳Ůɡ
ǡܿܿһƾ̳Сķŵϣæܿˡ
ξĵʦ֣Ůģɶɺȵģ
ߵеĺȾͲˣن
ξһĿ࣬ʱƮ硣
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վתŷٻ쳤ϣô˵ֵõָֻţ
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絭һЦԽƵ᣺ڮΣ
ҵҪ̣ٻЦмĵԺţ죬ҵҪţĶ
絭ԣɣ
ʦĽ֣վ
ʦܣüõ㻹°ɣ
ξæͷǾǣʦܣ˻ûãһԿ־ǣ
Ľ΢Цλʦ֣λȻ˵ԺӲ
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ĽЦеĵʦ㶯֣ҵˣǺǣҿɲء
ξЦһ顱һطʦܣǺģʹ죡ʹ죡
Ҳ¶΢Цʦƽͦغ񣬴Ӳ˵໰ȴ
ٻɫǺ죬˫ȭֱ߬΢¶


38 ɱ
һ˺վ˫۴ȵп߯󣬲طʦ֣̣
Ľֲ飬鲻ȥ
ʮ꣬ζʵԲۣ磬Ӳȴʢ˲С
ָĽ˵տȻ죬¿Ҫһ
Ľҡҡͷʦ֣㲻ɣÿգ
ɲɣȹ֪գһȵ
˫۾ѩᵽǰ
Ľҡҡͷ̾һСˡһΡ
һ˲һۣȥĽ΢Цֲ飬ٲȻ
ͷһһ㣬Ӻסˣɬ
ͷһƣɫٱ䣬ֿտգУ
亹һӿͷ乣Դ˸Լûֻ棬Щס
ξЦããʦܣ⸡ӰӲҪģ
֪ʱΧðĿۼߣǸ˷ܣ˫۷Ź⣬꿴Ϸ
á˺ȻȲʣ۷׷ףӯС
Ṧˣ
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Ľһʦ֣޹Ȼ
ⷽٻȻ֮ƤҲ֪бҪܿǲС
סڣٻѹξٳϹʦ㣬Īַĳ飡
ξбۿӴϢҺΣ
ٻ䶢һգգĿóǡ
ξƲ죬һмӣ۾ɵԲҲգһ¡
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ԺǿЦһȻ̾һΪȻҡͷпǵֻ۸СһϹʦ㣬ϺƵģ
ҡͷЦտȻУҸʦ󣬲СˣʦˣҪȻ͵
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ĽˣŤͷЦʦ֣÷˲żüѽ
ʦܣɽɵ
ĽЦǵ㣡
С֮ϣԼԹ֣Ǿ˷̣ȷʵӲС
ڰ֣Ȼʦܣ¿Ӳ֪తһᣬûʲôˣ
ѽĽЦЦ
ܿ˲޿֣ȷʵǵʮ㣬Ҳȥʦ֡

תͷʦ֣˰ա
ξ뷽ٻԵ۶ӣֲ¡
ξߵʦܱȰңҷҪ
ĽʧЦʦ֣Ȼգ͸հɣֻҪĪ˾ͳɣ
ٺ٣ڹ꣬ǵãξٺЦ
ٻ۾Ŀ⺮񶾣˺ɷĩ
ٺ٣˵˰ɣξЦƲƲ죺˵½зٻˣзڹɣ
ٻҧŭȣǰ壬һ⣬һƬɲǰξ֡
ʦ֣Ľٿһµξǰ
һƬУײ漴ɢ
ۣĽһѪ
ʦܣ˾Уξæǰ
һӣɣ
Ľƿξ֣ŷٻҡͷ̾˿ΪԺӢʧ
ٻ治ɫÿĽ
ξƿڴշģСˣ͵Ϯ㻹
ǹĲ˳ʺЦ
Ľһֱ֣սʣҡͷ̾ʦ֣߰ɡ
ξУʦܣôŹ
Ľ̾˽֣ҵĽȤ߰ɣ
ã߰ɣͷһξʦܣ
ξʡ񣬺ݺݵһ۷ٻ˶ţշģţҪˣ
˵գ뿪˳Ȼ¥

˶뿪Էٻָָ㣬ǲм
ٻɫ䣬ŤͷһƳͬ飬ɫȻЦô
һʲô
԰׵һɤȴײͭӴ˶죬ͷۻæϢģλ
һӣߵʦ֣տȻǻӣŻţʵɶ񣡡
ٻͷɫ
԰Ƭ̣ʦ֣ˣ˺ˣưոݣ
ٻҡͷҲսǡ
򲻹㲻򣬼ˣӲΪܡ
԰ҡͷûתأ
ҿ˿˫˸Ĺâѹҿһݣ԰
ʺǰһ
ʦܣˣһɫٱ䡣
ٻɫһ䣬æֵɲɣͬУ治ݣ
÷һ׷棬ҷź
ǣæͷ˲԰һۣʦܣС¶ѣִˣ
ðɡ԰Ŀ˸һ£ҡͷЦҳȥһ¡
뿪ҡͷ̾ʦ̫ңֱƫ棬
С࣬ҲԹٻڰ֡
Ȱʦ֣ҿտȻǽƽ֮ˣպúģ˵ˣͬʦֵܣûʲôޡ
šٻĵͷĿ˸
Ƭ̺󣬲԰֣ʦ֣ɢ˰ɣ
ţ߰ɡٻ
˳Ȼ¥԰갵һٻ
ٻԿһȻȥʦܹһ䣬ȥ
˿԰ֿ꣬һ۷ٻɵʦ֡
߰ɣзִ磡ٻһִ
εͷʦҪ˼УĪɵ£
ٻһ֣ЦһݵÆϹģɣ
ˣ˿һ뿪ˡ

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΢Цʦܣʦֿ죬Ȼ׶༪٣ʲôֵģ
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СӵûξٺЦʡ
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ξЦݣ߷ߺߵһϲ⣬ƽȴһֱװӣ
һ뵽ղŵ͵Ϯ£ʦܣԼҪһշ̫ˡ
շնһ׼ҪСΣӣ
ͣڽˮűߣǵĽȼÿϺڡ
ĽЦˣλʦ֣Ҫؼˡ
ξһ漴евУʦܣˣԺ˯
ĽЦһСˣµģ
Сˣξ²
Ľҡͷ΢Ц˵ˣҪȥġ
ʦҲȰˣɽҡͷЦʦǽȰҲȰ
ĽͷǺЦʦޣ
ۣͷţһ·ҲûʲôȥҲãú죡
Ľʮһ񣺡лλʦҺ֡
ξһ֣ͷĵģһˣ
ʦǡͷ
СܸǡĽůٴκʮһת뿪Ļݣֲ飬ɮƮƮһɸɮ緶

ٻ뿪ãȻ¥ַ׷ף۸ղŵĴ򶷡
Ȼ¥Ƿ׷¥ݿڣһϮµŮһŮ
һ̤¥Ƿ׷׽ΪϵöŮ÷ԺһֹƣСβͷ㡣
ʦ㣬ʦ㣡һеڶǡ
üһףƣǸĿбӣŮ飬ǿ
üĿ㣬ǻ飬ȴ٣ֻʮꡣ
һ壬ͦظʣСɣôһˣ
һ죬ҿʰ˵˫壬ͷ˼ĵٺ٣ˡ
ŶûϷֻͷϷʵĶơ
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ʲôϷŮ£æʡ
˫۷Ź⣬ǰ̽˷ܵĵԺ뿪Ժ
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æһһʮ龭ԭԭƫС
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ƹź˪üƬ̣һվ𣺡ã
æʣʦ㣬ô
㣬ȵˣȥȥŤߣӰʧ¥ݿڡ


39 ɵ
ͷɻʣ㣬ʦô
ͷ룬Ƭ̺ηڰС֣ȵˣҪҪٳԵѽ
ѽѽæͷЦǮֻ˵ġ
ѽǸͰ㽿Ц
ͷٺЦţȴҲգæкߡ
˲ˣʣ㣬ʦտȻʦôѽѽ
ʲôʡ
ͷ룬յü˵񡭡ʦܹտȻʦ֡
һۣϻ÷Ժܸʦһϳ̵ģҲտȻȻ
šտȻʦֺÿĽͷһ̾塣
һͷѽúùɣܰе־һҪ
ඡԲæͷúãŬˡ

ĽɽС·ϣӰãĴݣÿһߵöȡ
һԲ̣Աҹ紵ķ
Ȼ¶Цݣ޻ϲȺͣ·һ㡣
Ϥɽ·ϣΧҹɫһƬҹ죬ʪëһſԪȻС
ë׽Կҹڱһһɼ䣬ëһһأһƬ㡣
ѹʱȻ߶ʱԪ
Ƭ̼뵽Բ֮ʡ
ǰԪ붨ȫ붨غһԪ
վţһԼΪԲ˺һҲ
֮ж;붨ǼѣҲ
ԲɣȻ˶붨ܲϲ

ĺ޲˼ǣרעëףһһɣëһһأ˿˿룬¹⣬һƬ㡣
һͣԪ澭̫澭
ЦʢȻ澭ת鶯죬ֻҪסĺƽ޲
ϲ֮У֪ߵɽ
ͣ͵»£ͨɽµС·򳦣ס
Ȼ¶һ˿΢Ц
飬һ˿˵ĺۼ
ȴһ֡
СʱٻֻưºҲǸ˲ţʱøͨ͸̶ݶխǸر֮ˣһߣһˣ
佫亦Ҫʱ̷նݳ
̬Ȼƶ飬ȴ飬أɱֻһ̰ˣûʲôˡ
ϣŶֹթˣ㶨ˣٻػ׷

һҿԣ֮ϣŴ·ƸΪ̡
ѵ˫ȣ˫ۣϢ
꣬ȻתŤͷϱ֡
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ٻźҶߵĽǰ¹ޱ飬Ψһ˫Ӿâ˸
һ꣬԰ӣӣһܴߡ
˷ܣ˫۷Ź⣬·ζʳٺһЦտȻô
Ľ΢Цּˡ
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ٺЦѽôԺĸһﲻڣû˸
ĽЦЦҹˣкιţ
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ŶĽЦеģͷĪɱң
ٺЦǣĽҰģɱˣһӣͱ̸ɾˣȥ
ĽҲҡͷɱңʦһ¾㣬ưոݣ
ǣٻҡͷ΢Ʋ
һֱԣҲˣŭȵʵգ鷳˸
ĽԲЦŷٻز¶ΪΣ
Ŀŭ֮ԼСһ㡣
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ϡʣӸָĽҧտȻ·ϻˣ֮ûãʦ֣ɱţ
šٻĽƬ̣ͷ
ҽ޷סඡ˫𣬶ݺݴ̳һ
һƺߣȻĽͷ
һСѪѪߡ
ĽϥϥϣŷٻЦЦֻϢ΢΢һЩ
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Ľ΢Цˣʯĳˣ
ٻһЦǺУɱ˲գۣҲ
Ľ΢ЦȻˣܳһаս£
ٻĿһְԺη
ղһ⣬ֻ׹һ峤Լްսס
ĽģƣܷһֱӶֵˣαطϻ
ߣһ֮ƣʱ䣬ָ

һҪνһ쳹ҹգңңס֣
ٻ˺һתͷȥ
һӰСϣƮƮӶУ¹سӣƮݳ졣
һǹƣٻȥ˼תʦˣԼɱĽӸ洦ãԼһжˡ
ĽɱʦܣҪܸ洦ã书ȥԼҸᰵг֣ɱ練ƣ
ס֣ƽȽȽƣת۹⡣
ٻЦһ
תߣҲ죬ϱּӣ֮
Ľ΢΢һЦһ׹
ٻҪӰУһ׹ٿ˲䴩˷ٻһϡ
ٻһͣͣסתָĽ˫󣬲ʵ˻𣺡㡭㡭
տȻ㡪㡪һƵ˽ǰü𣬺ݺݵ
һƮʮ⣬ͷ̽ٻƣؿһѪ˻˻ðѪ޽·ҲȲˡ
Ľһָ΢Цʦ㣬ͼݣȡص
˳ȥһ˺ϱһСһУģѰһķɵˡ
תͷݺݵĽôµ֣
Ľ΢ЦҡͷɵɱﵣʦҪұܣ
סڣƽ߳俴㣬ΪҪɱ֣û뵽˺ݶ
ĽЦʦ㣬ǳˣӥ
һͣ˿޷ֿٻߵˣʦˣҪ뿪ģ
ĽҡҡͷҪɱңûᣬҵġ
Ʊ磡ƺߵ˵ٻʲôˣ
ӯӯߵǰа׵ʳָָסһᣬۣȷʵѰɵ
˳һףĽӹ뻳ЦסҪܣ
ƻǰӸµĿ

Σ治ɫưһۣߣ鷳
漴ָʬףͬУҪȥ书ģ
Ľüͨڣ
ҡͷüˣСͷ˽ִµĵܵҲûã
Ľһ̯֣飬Աܲܵɣ
šüȫСˣҲӳͷٻǿԺ
üƬ̣Ȼ̧ͷһӣ
˵ĽЦЦ
ɣһûûӣЩգߵ㻹˼Цգ͵ʲô֪
Ľ˼һתЦ
ǰĽҰ⣬ûˣֻҪ˲˵ǲ˵ģ˭֪ɱˣ
Цʲôƺߵ
ĽЦпµĹڰ׷ӣЦʣʦΪң
ȨգŤͷڵĺˡ
ǺǡðɣǾͳƽˣĽǺЦ
Ʋת߿ٻĽһӣˣ˸ӣýϿ֡
ĽϥŲæЦʦ㣬Ҳɱ˰գ
ûУƶ˶٣ҡҡͷһУɱȴգۣǺݶ
ĽЦʦĵӿ湻һ˿ʬףŵùǺ
ʱҲ£ʲô£
ĽЦ
ʲô߳ǺУһǣ
ҲáĽͷ
Цľǰ˫ֺʮһׯϡ
ֿʼ飬ֺʮ΢˫ۣ
һԹۿ΢Сţ飬ֿš
˺ͭƵƣ֮䡣
ֻߣʥӣŹ⣬ֱӣ̲סڵأĤݡ
ŷ𣬵һ̣ȴ


40 
֪ʱ۾ͣϵĺ˪ȥ
ʦ㣿Ľѡ
æȥĽЦЦ˫ۣʱ̣üߵȥɣҷգ
ĽҡͷʹݣԼȥ
ţһĪתߣһӵʮ⡣
ȥһھܾˣĪ
ţĽȻе
תת磬Իϲȴװͷô
Ľŵʦ㣬ȨûҰա
ƺߵʲôû
С̹סĽ΢Ц
һ˲ŭתǰü
Ľ΢Цû͸ǽûʲô˵ġ
СģƼüһ𣺡˵Ա޶֤
Ȼ¥˿֤ĽЦ
ƺߵûõġɵ£
Ľڰ֣΢Цʦ㲻صģţټա
죬ΡȻ̾˿ߵϹְɣߣ飬Ҳˣ
Ľ΢ЦԣƵΣһţתƮߣһȽȽ½תʧСС

Ľҡͷ΢Цӭ磬ȥ
»У˼άתȻ̽뻳ȡɵôĴָģ·Ϊһ壬Ѫ
󣬵Ȼʧȫס
һ͡һХһ׹⴩ʮһûһû
ƮȥСݽһ
תͷһĴָһΧһЩư׷ĩ
ͷ΢ЦԼ־ǰ䲻һ
һʣɵ
ɵһ㣬С
ʣɵ䵽ϣŵ⣺ɵܷؼʱ̿ɽ湦
ʱҹɫСԺ磬ϣдɩԺģ
У˲ʱЦڣż˵ЦǵЦĽϲ֣ɱ⽥ڻ
ģ˺ͽˣһ绹ǿˣ
Σϣ˷ֿƻҵİ͡
˵һӻ˻ȥ˯Լվ

ڶһ磬ҵ÷ûȥԺֱӵ˹ۺͤȴСԲͤУ顣
һϮɫ޶ģŲĿ⳯һƳ漴һϲտȻ
΢ЦĽãЦСԲڵң
ɲǣСԲһۣⶼʲôʱ
ĽЦЦǴСң
վ֪ʱ֮ţȻҲ
СԲæŤߣǰС͵
ĽһߣһЦСԲСôңʲô£
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ŶĽüͷһЦʦǲزסѽ
СԲߵ£˭ҲﲻסѽⷽٻǸ쵰翴Ǻˣ
ǰĽ̾
죬˼άתЦҲ֮飬Թ÷ģ
СԲмݺݰһۣߣΪף㻹ֱ磬ûһö
Ľһüͷ̾ʦ㶼˵ˣ
˼ά磬Ϊףʦ㣬ٻһ΢֪µƵ˵ˣ̾ϢΪʦһƬģҪģ
СԲͷţ˵ˣ㷵Ȼ汻ٻóѣʦûˣ
Ľҡͷ̾Ϣ

˲ἲת۹԰СԲ˼ɽϵСͤ
÷빬СͤУһ£һƮݹСͤ
Ľһ۹ƣҡҡͷʮ÷һ񣺡С㣬Ҫ˵
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Ľɱ˷ٻ췣
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տȻѾС˵ˣ㲻˵ϡ
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÷üͷһףһ޷
տȻ
Ľ˿÷
÷ƣ£տȻ˵
С㡭æ
˵÷һ֣ĽտȻ˵
Ľǽ龭˵ˣԼΪһѣҷٻ鷳ھ¥ͻ;ɱԼԼ֮£Ψƴʧɱˡ
÷ţƺ޺޵
տȻǿԼɫƫƫһУԼڤ˼һҹ
꣬÷һ۹ƣҡҡͷ
С㡭Щ飬ͷѵ¶һ˿
÷ߣˣ
Ŀתɨɨȥ̾տȻͬУǸԽֹģΣɱˣδãҪܹ
Сͤ˵СԲܹܣִ£ͳ죬ִ
ǣС㣡СԲӦһĿĽһۡ
÷Ų̤ͣ£ԺˣԺ˹
ǣС㣡СԲӦ

÷ǰ÷빬ں˼ɽϣһţһԺӡ
СԺݣԺһ᷿÷ռԺӣһʮСͨӡ
÷ǰֱݡ
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Ľüû˵빬Ƶ
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յϣڹͶ
һų齣һϯϥϣƵǰգѹԽ
ǣĽһ֬ѩϸ壬ӣ
嶯˱꣬æתۣѹЦЦлˡ
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Ųסڣ
ͳֺ𣺡С㣬֪кҪ£
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÷Ժ˽
С㣬漰ܣӦûرܡĽͳ
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⡭Ľ
ĽҡҡͷԼȻǲ侲ȣԼȴ㣬էԼ£˷硣
ִ£ա÷
ǣĽӦ

󣬷ֱ˽ԺȽ÷˼䣬ʵʵ˵
󣬿ԺĿһҲʵʵ˵
Ƕ뿪ĬȻ
÷տȻƣǳա
տȻ빬齣硣
÷У߲ƽԷұ߽̩Ľ硣
Ľ絣
Ľ䲻ϲգһ㣬ȴɫάľƽͣ
˫ֺʮһ
÷һ飬տȻܺη
̩ߵСʲôˣﶼףȡտȻɱˣҲԣҿͷһգ
˵գתͷƽֿԷ
ƽ΢˫ۣޱ飬˯ȥˣԷŽüĿʹ˼
˶ڣ̩С㣬㿴Σ
ܹΣ÷ʡ
ƽۣĽһԲ
Ľ̩Ҳţɴ۾


41 
ƽƬ̣ʣտȻ֤
æ֤
˵ƽͷϲŭ顣
Ľˣʵʵ˵ʵ˵һ˵˻ѡ
˵ߺס֣Ϲȥʱٻǽ϶֣ҪɱڵϵĽ
Ľһζ˵ģ⻰û¶
˵꣬ƽò˵˫΢أɮ붨
÷Ҳߴ٣ƽĿĽ빬ơ
Ľʹƽֲͣ飬һһţݣһɳȻ֮ȡ
ƽһգգŲƽͳĽҲˡ
һʱ䣬š

˺һƽۣȭС㣬̩֮ƣͷڰգ
ƽһɣһתͷĽȴ鲻֮¡
ɴգݺһۡ
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÷һԷִ£㿴Σ
Է࣬Աʧɱˣɼһȣҿһ̫ˣգ
ԣ߯صˣ˵һ궼ˣٻǹСӣ˻ã̩ü
ԷȻ治С
ðԣǲǹҲꣿ̩ݺݵ
Ӳƽ˵ʵʵţһ䲻ҷԷȴͬ൱˵Ҳؿ
ˣ÷һ̧֣˶ʱĿбӡ
÷һ룡꣡
СӢƽȭֻܸ͡
տȻл˵÷˸ǡ
Ľ΢ʮһ񣺡ӸԸܷ
ƽ·֮ˮȴ̾Ϣ
ںʵΪһΣˣӸ棬Ҫϳ书ţԼһ룬ν᲻
ƣһЩܿɷ죬£ܲͷԼʵ΢
Ϊ֮ƣһн飬书书µһң
һ̣ϣµһ֮־

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ǡĽ
СȻտȻ⺱ֺ֮
С㣬̸̸Ľ籧ȭ
÷ףţȥɡ
ĽǰĽ˳ȥ
Ժ÷ƣޡ
ͣϱǰĽҡͷЦѽ
ĽЦЦû˵
ǰ˵һĽԹ
ĽЦС಻ɳӣ΢֪ˣк档
⡭Ľһ̾ͷ
Լһ֪ҪСˣһ͸ˣأһ룬ò
ģգȻ϶һУۼȼıȷʵܼ
֪ĸĽ絣ĵĵ
ģĽһ֣ЦЦϸ첲ȣӲΪҲ
Ľ綢˰Σ˿ͺã
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Ľͷá
Ľ㰲Ĵţҽؼң˵չˡ
磬ԴɩһĽͷ
ĽһæݷתͷһۣЩǱĳţֱ뿪ˡ
ĽǺЦת̩ʮһ񣺡ͳ죬Ӹм
˵ûõģ̩һ֣Ǹᣬ˼ú
Ľͷ
˽ĽףҸʾ顣ӻͳһᣬɫơ
ĽԥĽӹˣѸٷһ飬ԺԲɣܹĿ
̩꣬νʣʩչһ׽
м򵥣ȴԽԽ˺Ŀѣֱӡ
һУУΧ÷֦ͣζ
ĽɫɮƮƮӲ˫һ²գӡÿһϸڡ
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ҹ̩۾һɡ
Է΢΢һЦĽտȻĪĺݣѽʢͬභ֣
ĽЦǣϡ
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Էȷʵһϴǣʵ޿ָժ
̩սʣտȻѡѡȥ˽ʺ㣬׾ɣɣҪú
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̩Ȩչˣһˣ
ͳĽЦ
տȻСأСԲȻ֣
̩ڰ֣ȥɣ
Ľʮһתصݡ

÷УտȻӽڹ̨һ̨
Ľͷǡ
°ЦСⰲķѿġ
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ղ񹦣ʹ֮ͦһʱνˣ֮ͣ
ﲻҲģ졣
ɫȻտȻԴԼһĻһĻһˡ
÷ҡҡͷƮƮ뿪ˡ


42 
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Ľէһսæӭǰ
ξ𣬴ʦܣô£ô£
УĽЦҰѷٻɱˡ
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˵ɫҲˡ
Ľҡͷұһ롣
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ÿһ붼쳣Ϸţֱѥ齣ö˫ֽӡʼ澭
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43 ˫
˹̨ƮƮӣŲطŻṦ֮
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дţ̲ˣһ̻ƹϳһ̺ľ˿һعһ׷Ǽ򵥡
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÷һۣŤߣϱߣó򿪷Žȥ
СԲæϷţģС㣬ûɣ
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СԲСС㣬ҸտȻͷɣܲƢģ
÷˿ףţðɡ
лС㣡СԲüЦ
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ǡСԲӦ

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СԲÿͷͨϴС׹ۿĽöһ΢Ц٤
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ӣĽ붨ʱԽԽãʼ죬ʮ죬һ붨һ¡
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44 ط
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ּСϣҪԺһʱӭȻŮǰͷŮƮƮȣȴǹơ
УϢƮκȻס
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ʦ㡭ٴỽ¾
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ŲԽԽ죬˺һ׼׷ϡ
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Ժ֮УʦģҲֻտȻˣ
ƴ׷ȴŹԽԽԶʧ̾ʦ书ԺһɲǴģ
ʩչṦϻԺŽݣǰ
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ʦ㣬Ҫɣ㶢Сʡ
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죬ȰȰȴ֪˵ʲôã˰Σ̾˿ͷðɡ
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ңҲҪƢ۸ƱۣԣǼ鷳õֶΡ

Ľ֮Ц֮ԣŸɫһ漴Ȼŭҧ֨֨죬
ֻЦȴסˡ
һ곰տȻʦܣô󵨣ʦͭ׻ССԺڵӣ˵˲
ĽԾЦеģֻɾ֮ˣϣʵڿЦ
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ĽЦеĵʦͭ׻ЦԴС
ŸһٷϻҲˣһúýһ㣬ǰ
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ĽЦеĵʤȹ֪
㡭ҡͷ¶̡
ӽһ˲䵽Ľǰ


46 Ϲ
Ľνʣһ
һ죬Ÿ֣ڿзȦԶԶ׵ʯʨϣַһ졣
ŸĿɿڴ
ΧҲˣŸĽ
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Ľʣʮһ񣬵Цˣʦ֣
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һԼǵĮһۣԼŭˡ
СģȻС
ͣһХƥ˲估壬Ľһһߣ䲻ݷܿҪ
Ѫ⽦类л
һƬסĽŸ˫ͨ죬һԲķӽӡ
ĽŲӯڽͥŲ°Ц
ʦ֣㡪ŭȡ
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47 ؼ
СԲ÷󣬽С㣬տȻõƢôݵ֣Ǻܹݣ
÷˵죬ƮƮٶȼ졣
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м̤żҪˡ
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48 Χ
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49 ս
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50 
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51 
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С̻ղ񹦰ˡ
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52 
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ңûлƣûӡǣʵ޻ҽʻȻһ壬޹⡣
ĽսӹʱȥñŤ
ɫϣʯ潣
أָмѣһЩ
԰УһСԺλ÷Ժ֮ڣһ
÷ˣйƣĽԿЦ칫ն˿ȴԾһ
ҲһСԺλ÷ԺҲڡ
ףⶾϣɹƤ
СԺʯϣʯͷϴ壬ë׽ţųȡ
һΣ֣Ȼ֤
תѭվϵķͼʱһݼ֣·һˡ
һǣһȦһˡ
תһһǣͣ仯ƤŶɣ糱ˮ䡣
ǽղ񹦵Ĳ㣺⡣
仯ͬʱƤ仯ԽԽףԽԽ󣬵˺Ө
ǽղ񹦵㣺
źһĶãķͬ
ղ񹦹оͼѭ򽥽һͼСɣڶͼûнݾ޷ȡɡ
ղ񹦴ǹ򣬲ֹСɺƤɵǿᣬ㵲ס
ԽãƤԽͣÿһֹƤһ֣ûֹȻԽԽ
Եס

ղ񹦽죬ȫ飬֮󣬾Խǿᣬ
ٶԽЧʾ֮һĶãһʱֵϱʱ
ʱƣΪ̣ʢӲ֪ƣ룬߲ݡ
ǰδʱҲƣ룬һʱϻָ֣ţҲˡ
ʱһʮʱղ澭ʱ˽
ˣԷʱľˮ
ңղ񹦵Ȥ
һǧУڶǣɹǣƣĲ⣬ѡ
˱仯ȫܴ֮¡
˿ޣ˽ۼʣʵ㲻Ϻãȳ˸࣬˽Ѿ죬Ϊܡ
澭ղãͻͽһֱʮޡ
޸֮ԣ˿ڽ̣ϡ
ⱾǺ£书ȴ£һͣ£ʱڻָЧ
ʱϢϢָҲڻָҲڻָڶʱЧʮʣһ
ĽϣָЧۿۣȻͬ˵ס
ңԪɣˮǺ˺ˮ٣෴Сˮࡣ
ףˮѣһˮǴߣ졣
֣ۺһ׵

׻СԲƮƮ
ŵԲΰ御ԣ˵ֻĽǳǳЦ
ڽϲ£СԲȴмʧ䣬ѾϰÿĽͷÿ쿴
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Ľۣ΢ЦСԲʲôϲ£˵
СԲЦ
ˣĽЦʡ
÷֮УĲλʦ֣СԲһʱ䣬ÿ
СԲ˵ЦҲѵõϢʱ䡣
СԲһɣ˵ʲôѽСҪȥ
ԭˡĽЦʯȥǳ
СԲҡͷǵߵ÷ӡ
÷ӣĽ²ͣЦĪ
ǣǽҽ̵ģСԲͷƮƮУ㴫Ǽ䡣
ת۵÷СԺ
÷̤ԺţһϮһף²ͣ
Ƹ󣬹ɾ£ȴޱ飬俴һۡ
Ľ÷빬Ʋ磬һ䣬ׯϣ绻һˡ
߼ֲ飬ɮƮƮһɸɮ緶СԲðЦտȻװװ
԰ֱһֱͷΧγһɽ֣ӳһ¥
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С¥»񶰣ܵǣˮ޺䡣
С¥ǰΧһʣƬԣмСͤСͤɴƮУԼһŮӲˣġ
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СԲͷѽ
漴ЦˣѹǲǳԾΪͺܴ󣿡
Ľͷ֪÷ᣬȴûˡ
ɴţȴܿ壬òֻ÷һˡ


53 
÷һ֣ƿʣԣСͤ
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ùá÷΢Цһ档
µ˵Ľûȥ͵Ŀ⴩ɴϸ÷
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覣˫ǣͦ磬һøС
Ůӣˣӵ뻳
Ľתû뵽ᡣ
СꡣСԲЦ
Ľһƺٽ̡
Ƴһۣ죬һԲ
СԲǸУСֻһˣ
ΪΣĽ΢Цʡ
Ȼϲѩʲôһѧͻᣬ黭һСԲ̾
ĽЦԭǲŮ
ڲŮģȴԶ֮ѲŰвŻ˵ͨϣʲôŮˣˡ
տȻҿţҲȲģСԲЦе
Ľ΢Цұýˣ
ߣαƺȻЦ
ĽЦеĿһۣҡͷ΢Ц
ǰ빬о̫⣬ⲻΥȻյһ𣬻ԺΪ
ˣҲõģ߿תһ㡣
ǣտȻαСԲЦҡͷû
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бһۣЦСԲҲһۡ
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ë׶ٿӯƮ
һ⻨ˣȻ÷Ϊ֮ϸ΢򣬹ȻǽĶߵĲŮ

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Բ͡
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СͤĿɴӦó棬ģڲסó棬ǰ죬ϻס
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ǰһֻ̡Уһֽѹһ飬ֽʷƣֹŹ֣Ľϵá

Ľ΢˫ۣת澭һһһ飬˰ʱǲ橳֣һϮ°ؽ൭š
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Ľ֪̫ŴףȻ٣Сɫ֪أ÷ȴƽ
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Ľסڣ΢Цǽհۣͨ˰һᣬظӦٿɿ򡣡
˵ôֻ࣬ǽ⼸ֶѣŮ
÷ع񣬺ʮһ̾Ϣһϯʤʮ飬жվ꣬ΪѾͨշ֪Լǳ
ֻ飬ǻԨԼԴҲ޷㾫֮
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54 
÷һƳ÷𵷵
÷Цùã
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Ů˵˵ЦЦ÷һճ䣬࣬һѰŮٸ߸ϡ
㷴ɴ䷲䣬׽ˡ
÷˵ЦȴʧŶׯȼѡ
òദһһһһΣһ̧֣һü޲˷ϡ
˷ϣΪŮӵСԲ빬ƣҲΪԣĿ롣
ŮУĽ΢ЦԾִ١
˵Цһ÷ǡ
뿪÷¥÷ǰĽ˸
Ȼͣ£תͷԸСԲƣȻȥտȻл˵
ӦһһĽȥˡ

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ӹ棬֦֦ţ̡
÷ͣޱ䷢ŤͷտȻ𷨾ߣʵίˡ
Ľ΢΢һЦ֪ͼӦСҽղ񹦣һ֮
÷΢򣬿˿֮
Ľֻ΢Цûз
ɱٻºܷߣֱ뿪ǣѩӡڣ÷ҲΪѡ
÷ڣʹ촫ղ񹦣ԶΪס
÷̾мӣΪˣأνü
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лС㡣Ľʮһ
ǴˣľˮҲֻܸмʿΪ֪⼸Уء
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ԺλһƬУʯʨͣɷǳǹվ
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羵֦
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˵ˣ㻤أҡͷЦ½ĵӣҪ۸ģϹˣ
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ⲢԺ͹֣Ժ
ûţңҡͷ
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Ľ˵ˣؼɼѧʽ
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Ҳ֪ܲܳɣԿɡĽۣסҪҶ
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55 Ϊ
Ľ΢Ц³
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뵽ľ׳û뵽ˣ뵱Լ࣬Ѿһڹ˰
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÷ԺӸ̿࣬ƴҲȲ˼ҡ
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˵ЦۺӰһСԲһ֣Юһ㣬һæտȻˣ


56 ʧ
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һߣһߵͷУҶ÷ңа׼ңһãǹϵ׼ңǶͷ
ĳ𣿡Ľʡ
ƺҡͷ̾ǰ׼үɱүɵģ
Ľ˿ɱ֮Ԩ纣죡
үҲ֪÷Ҷӡ÷
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÷÷ʣ˶ӣ÷֮һμ÷ƽ˴󷿳ӣӢţ÷ʽΡ
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÷λȻȻ¹侲ǣԵ丸÷ƽʴȶظ£޲
ǰݼڣ÷Ҳ֣ңǴ󷿳ŮλԲͬ
Ľ븮һֱԺ԰뿪û÷Ҳû

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ſĸ󺺰˫۾ֻ΢һף鲻
ȥʱҩζԺյשҩģɹɢŨҩ㡣
ҩյأֻСͨš
СԲǰ·˽мţһĺԺԺаŴ齣Ավˡ
ξ磬ɫ԰ף΢˫ۣһ˯
÷һϮ£ֶü䡣
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תĽǡ
С㣡ү̩ȭ񣬳
űȭĽǺʮ
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ɫ·ˮС㣬ʦܸʦ˵Σ
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ĽУƽ޲ǰְ̽
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÷һţָϷɽиô׼ţ
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÷һ񣺡С㣬ȥ
ţȥɣ÷ͷ
ʦܣչ˺ʦʦܣ
ʦַġĽͷ

뿪ĽתͷС㣬ʦʦһֱûѣ
÷ҡͷѹһΣ˵˼仰ɽߣԼС
Ľʣ׼ɱˣ
׼ǳƺʲôҵģ÷
Ľ̾Ϣһüͷ
ٶ˵ͷƣһĪת
Ľµãҩǰһ˿߶תһЩ
÷Сģ˵̫أá
Ľͷȴûͣ£ݾ΢ϸܣġ
һɫҩѾӡ
ģ÷ٶ˵ⲽü˸Խ붯ˣȻ˼
ŲһƮȻȭһ񣺡С㣡
ҵˣ÷æʡ
òƽȴӢ˲˫۾ҡͷȻѱǣûʦܣ
ұˣ÷ü
ͷǣСҰʹû˼ʦ֡
÷ڳˣ
ʣǷ󵽳⣿
÷ͷţʮһ飬һвףϷźţóǿ
ǣ걧ȭת̤ȥ
Ľǿֽ꣬ˮƽ
󣬵Ͼޣ÷ǵͷߣѱ˲ѣʹٶ࣬Ҳ¡
תͷСԲȥԺöʦֳ
СԲһֱԹվһԣһԲưһ㡣
Ľ֮ԣʱһտȻ
÷Ҳ
Ľ̾µֻҽŸӦһ¡
÷ʱü˿ÿɷ
µʲôӣôףҪԵģң𷨳в˼֮𷨾֮ˣ˵ͨ
СԲŶһƮȥˣתۼ츳ѣṦϳˣʹҲ

Ľ˳齣£ϥ£Ȼ˫ֽӡ΢˫ۣ΢Ц
ת۹붨ǰţһǰԲӣλΣ¡
УԲԽԽ̫һ㣬ǰС
˫һᴥӡڱϡ
÷СԲӡ۾գһ¿ӡ
ͣ΢Цࡣ
СԲС㣬÷𷨰ɣ𣿡
˵÷Ľҡͷ

ʱţһʱȥۡ
СԲչȥæʣտȻôˣ
ĽĿңգü˼
СԲҴţèӣ۰ͰͿ÷Ҳӡ
Ƭ̺Ľ齣̾˿ֻһˣС㣬ȥˣ
÷ʡ
СԲæտȻʲôͨѽҵ𣿡
ͨĽҡͷ˶ֱȳһЩˡ
ŶԭֱѽСԲЩʧ
÷ѶżһУԮ
ˣĽҡͷתߣ˵ٵ飬ȥˣ
ʱѾš
СԲ÷æһָ
ϣСԲæӦһಡһȥ׷Ľ


57 
СԲʱĽӰæտȻȵѽ
ӰһĽ֣üСԲʲô֣
С㲻أȥɣСԲæ
Ľҡͷ̾˿ðɣ
ӣסˣ
СԲЦеС֣סǣʵܸϵģ
ĽбһʱĵЦץˣ
˵գλΪһӰСԲһֻһɴɼķݰ㡣
ǰٵˣӣ㷢оܴ̼δ̲סЦ
ĽͷһɣæֹסЦԲסҲ˵
ĽŰݣŤͷרĸ·Ӱӹ
ת۹˳˽ǣһֱһ֡
ֶдУҲݴݺƣ̸ڣ޷ǰ
ĽһԾ̤ҶУɮƮƮ
տȻԼɣСԲſǣżңӯƮݣ鶯ǳ
ĽҼУӥСԲҲңȴ࣬˼ˡ
ܿ쵽ͷǰһӣˮƽʣ߳һƬɳ̲
СԲƮտȻжԶţ
֮Ǻ̲һƽ̹б£ʱˮһˣ½ˮʵơ
泯ϣѡ
쿴쿴СԲָǱ߽е
Ľͷȥ
һۿǶʦֺɽ
ڿһۣǱбб׹¡
͡㺮â֣ˡ
Ľһ§СԲ뻳仮һɫƥٲǰ
һ죬ųǡ
ӶУ³бб䵽ӱߣ¼У˰ֱɽ
ԴԴͣСԲſ죬ʣơ
ǰɣɽԶͣ£̫°ˡ
ſСԲȥҶʦ֣Сĵ
СԲһѹæӻͳһ֧ܣƳ̣Ĵָ֣һһͷ
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飡һ죬ըһźơ
飡һ죬ŨɢһѺɡ

кȻͺȣӴԼˣ
漴˳ź죬գ۵˽ǰ
Ľһɨһߣò񳣬ɫףˣ֮ס
꣬òƽȺвע⣬˫۾â̫Ѩ߹ģǸ֡
ת۹˵Ľǰ
Ǻǡ߸׶ЦУСֵһԺģ
Ľ˿ʣ˫ֺʮһ񣺡տȻ֪ǰմһã
СԲɴУտȻǲǡ
δ䣬Ľһ⣬׺գֱһš
˾㵵Ŀ
Ľһʯ쾪
͡Ľ齣ˣһѪȴ׷
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ͺ¿һŭȣ磬ֱĽӽӭϣһ죬𻨡
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СԲһСӭϡ
ࣣһ죬ཻСԲƮ˳ȥ۱ײһ
顱䣬СԲ໬ȥ类ȥ˹ͷ
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ĽһǣСԲǰҪҪ
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Ľϥ£ɣ
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СԲҧгݣ󱳣˫£ӣԽ԰ףûһѪɫ
Ľ̩ɽϣһ˿ˡ
˺Ͼ俴СԲ棬û΢̣̬֮¶
Цһͬԧ죬һ·ɣ
תͷʯϣһϰɣԮܿҪͺ¿²Сһʱò£
ҡͷЦпĽһָ̲ߵĺɽһһӣСʦǿ
Ľǰʯɣ
Ϸ򡣡߸΢Цء
Цٺ٣ʯϸСӣ
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ӰһĽ壬ȣס֣
ǺǣϷһ¸УһΣסǰ·Ƶͷ¡
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ɫ䣬һٿ켸֣Ϊһ󣬽磬ֱȥ
էأϮֽһһãĽ󣬱С
Ľ󣬰ʯЦ׷ϡ
ԼʯһƣҲҪѲƤӲƴɣҪȥ
СԲ§Ľ۾ݺݵߡ

ĽƲ䣬ֱѣʯ١
ЦСͺ¿УҪϣôԼ
Ľɫɳնи첲Ѫ
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˺ٺЦСоܣȻʯһƣ̫أֽŲʹˡ
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÷Ҹ첲£ֹסѪһߡ
ףǰʯ÷͵̧ͷЦһһ򣺡áðʯԱ񣬴ģտȻȻ鴫
Ľһ죬÷ĵ磬һʹǡ
СԲæеӣտȻ
ǣҿˡ÷ͷЦƤ֮ˣģúýһǣ
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ʯۻ룬һȥӿ룬ĽҲѷڶԷסղ쳣޴󰭡
߹ȥ²鿴ɽ
СԲѽʪ泯ţԲѣɫз࣬һɫ


58 
Ľһ̽ʱüһְС
÷Ҳ£ץɽֻ̽ɫˢһޱȣ̧ͷĽģˣ
ԿգĽÿ֣ϥɳ̲ϣۣǰӡ
ʱһ䣬ΧΪһ壬һʯΡȻ
ǡ÷üСԲ
СԲһۣȻ˹
үҲ߯çײտȻˣϽͣһơ
÷ӣԲСԲƽϡ
СԲǴŮСߣŮá
ŲһȺ˴ӿŲҴңмźӱ߼۶˼һԼʮˡ
үͣ⣬׷׼
÷һ֣죡տȻ˹ĪҪţȻظһ
ǡ˵Ӧתͷȥĸû
ī̳ɫ÷ƣеȣò졣
Ƿǰ÷ߣү
ꡪ˵÷һ֣Ľ
СԲһۣᣬתͷȥĽ

ĽƮ羢紵һưͷϸ緢˿ƮϿУϿһ״ɢ
էȥһͷ
ۣĿˮӡָ죬ںɽؿ¡
⼸ѵˮֺ˫ٴνӡ۾ϣͷڹɮѱˮʪ
ԽԽŨУ֣Ө
÷еغ
תͷˣ˻ͷɫ϶
ӳ÷⡣
һ˵ӳֶǹϵǳӳֶ⴫ģ
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¶ЦݣæʣտȻ㲻Ҫɣ
Ľ΢ЦҡͷְϺɽУƬ̺˿ͷ
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ĽЦЦҡͷӣɲǿغ
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غһѩӡѧûȴ˵Ľʩһģ
ĽȻغӳֶ֮Ҷӳֵӣȴ˽ģ
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ĽҲЦĿ¶
ǴˣСһҲ
СԲ˿ǣĪæտȻϻţϽҩɣ
Ľڰ֣СԲҿˡ
СԲ˵ְ̽СԲ󣬵ͷá
СԲߣӣҲǳصģ
ĽЦһѽǳԻģ
СԲŽʤǿǴС÷

Ľźɽ˴ߡ
ɽԻԣϢȣɫʢްֻú
էһǣ÷ӭ빬ơ
ɫǰ鿴ɽƣĽ˳øɽֻĽۣһԲ
Ŵһߣ÷𾭹СԲƲƲ죬мĵС㣬ǰʯ治Ҫ
÷һüʯˣ
СԲͷѽúɽΪǣðкտȻʶˣæѶţִԼˣһ˵һ߿ΪŪأտȻװԼģǰգȻɱȥһһޣ
˲Ҫɣ÷תͷĽ
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СԲֵʣһɵúܣһ˶ԸտȻʯԸңһ°ҴˣտȻס
Ҳˣ÷üһۡ
СԲЦСˣʯûɱңҪأ
Ȼأ÷æߴ١
СԲЦտȻϡ
˵糺죬࣬ȻǺˡ
°Цװ֪һۣŤͷ

Ȼأ÷ִߴ٣ߵСԲˣһ˵
СԲһæʯܱɣɱɽտȻȥأտȻֻӲһƣȻƴŰһǼһɱˣãʱү
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÷ͷСԲĪִ㼱׻ڰʯϣܴ⣡
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ξ˵΢죬СԺǰס
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ţ£Ͳϵͷ
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ξ۾䣬һ⻰ʱһճ졣

Ľؼʱĺر䰵СﻪƳϣƮŲнȼյϢ
һŵϢһ·ɣƴɱʱңɼ·һ£һ±á
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ðɡĲԸ⡣


59 ׳
Ľ˵һ󻰣æժ˾²ˣȥϴ֡
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ţһһкҡĽЦеͷ뿪
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ѸУϵС
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»䣬ԽԽʵѪ⽥ᣬ·ˡ
ȻһٿķɳͷȻ飬ع鱾壬ѹ
ŲУԿ
Ľۣ飬Ⱦ΢ԣȻȬ
˹ڼͷѪ⣬ѾϴȻЧǷ
·ǳηˣ̹վ
С壬óԷˡۣ
Ļ̌ͷЦã
ЦС壬Ҫչô
Ľһͷǰһ˴ɩΣ
ϸһѲɣ֪ʲôǰ˵ˣ
Ц棺ͦõģźһйȤ
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ãһ˫
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һۣŤȥˡ

Թ˽ӣڻģƻͨ磬ȴ˼ܰ
Ľָ󣬱̽飬Ժ֣ͷѣţн
ϺߵװŪʲô
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ͷЦѧģҲھҲˣҲˡ
ţǵǣɫȷʵãһΪϵͷ
Ľɩˣѧʽɣ
ʽһȵҪѧ书
ţղѹؼʱ򣬲۸Ľͷ
ѽ˷ܵĵͷ
н׻ĽԲģ׻ֻҪˣ᷸һˣʹǿҲޡ
ؼʱһɽҪˡ
Ҫģǿ̴ɩѧ䣬ɲ˸ֻ֣Ҫܵһݽ׻ԮҲ֪ˡ
㲻ضѧֻҪһСĽЦνʣǰһ̣Ȼƣתͷ
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Ľɫ䣬Ҳ˵䲻ãƾ书֪ˣǰѷá

ڶ죬Ժʱɽ˶ˣں߻˵
˶ϣ󱳵ſź棬תͷ˸к
Уɽأɫá
ɫЦеʦܣʦ˵㣬ȻѾŷˣ
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Ľʣһû֧ԮΣ
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һˣһΣ׶༪١
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ðɣɽͷ
Ľϲ⣬ǿʼ
ȴӺɽʼӣ㣬Ȼʼ˹漴Ц
Ц֮˻ƣҽУϢȫޣûˡ

ɣģ֮ÿ˹ʱ֣ʱ
֮Ծʢƣ̬
ȴͷԣ类˪˵ӡ
֮ʱޱȣⷬڣûãνѩϼ˪
Ľȴ˲ãܿҪ뿪С㻤ڣ֮ǰǿʵ
ʱ֣Ľ˵˹ղ񹦵ڶ׳ǡ
ڶ죬Ҳ
һĶã˹ʱԼҲ


60 
峿ʱ֣Ժ˹ʱλʦ֣ÿ˰ʱ
һȦһȦʱ
Űݣż޲һʮʱ˹ǿǹϧǳޣܲˡ
˹Ϣڶ˹ǿԳܡ
Ľÿ糿ȥԺһɥɥͷɥ·̳
ɹ֮࣬п֮һܡ
ĽüЦӺɷ򣬲棬汻۸ҪԼԶվԼźƲ
Ľ𷨾İվ΢˵ʱֱָģ罣ģܼѪ
ÿ춼һΣȻ˹ţͰʹ࣬Դݿ־
Ǽǿö࣬˴˹֡
һαʯΧ£Ǹо֪ʵ֮ҪأЩ಻ʲô
Ľÿʩչ꣬ƣװⱻ˵ɹǿȴ˵мġ

ʩΪת۾ȥ
ϸԣɣˮǴߣˣҲˡ
ֵޣЦ̫ⷨȡɣҲ̫ˣҲʦɵˡ
С죬һ룬ҲǴʿˣͬԺʦǶ֣·磬ʽЩ
ȴûûмԹѣǾúЦɼ֮
Ľֻ΢Ц졣
ѧѧػһ󣬶鿴øͨ͸һεķã
ãԶһ壬ǵãþᣬ˿ƣֻʶѣȴ֪εĶ
ңߣֻµһ֮ģƶѣἴᣬռˣǿЦ
ջ񣬹Ȼףøȴɹ

⼸죬ĽһֱԺϲؼңץʱֲĹҪڡ
֣ǿЦԺ֮УԼ书һ֣ȴԶʱС
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ʱһӯŲУСԲȻ֣Ժֱ˸ǰƮ
ŵĽˮտȻСȥ
Ľ÷˼٣⼸һֱûȥ԰СԲ첻
Ļ̌ͷЦʲô£
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ξСԲСְ˰ڣмߵھһз㣡
ξٺЦСԲСڣҪһȥ𣿡
СԲˣʮ㡣
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С˵һҲȥòãξæ
㡪СԲбмȥһ˺Σգ涼ȥģУ
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Ľ˿ϦЦʦ֣ȥˣһȥһˣصҡ
ͷ
СԲһ԰ϦϼУһϮ£㣬Ϯˡ
Ƴͣᡣ
Ľۣ΢ЦͷǴкת÷СԺ
ڹƣһ˿ھΡ

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ƹŹ֣˫΢΢壬ƽ죬΢̧׺չᣬڿ
ĽһۣԼסˡ
׮תƲá
һģһɢ棬һҶ֪ˮ۴󺣡
ºƲһ׮ҲһƵ˵ƿɿķ
Ȼ뵽书ԴԹ˹У书ҪޣҪӴȻΪá
÷Ƽ㱼䣬׺ף£ɽʯ䣬Ŷݣֱ
ꡪХؿ³һǰһĵҡΣ类紵
ĽޣСᣬίʵˣԼͻͽѷһ
տȻˡתͷ
֬ϼ˫ʣһƳȻĶæ񣬺ʮһ
СԲѶ÷ԸӹСԲϵĲյ
ϡСԲӦһһյݸĽ
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ĽЦŽӹˣ̧ͷС㣬Ҫˣ
÷ԱСͤ£ָָ棺峿ȥһҪٹ򡣡
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Ľͷਲ԰Ĳ輫ãģ·Գë׶

СԲܿ϶һḷ̌һ첼
ľŵʯϣСԲһָտȻģ
ǡĽ⡣
÷ٺ»ϻȥŰɡ
Ľ첼ʱ˸һԪڷţš
÷ϸ顣
ĽЦûӣէȻȴûʲôľˮȻˡ
Ļ̌ͷЦʣС㣬һ˻ںܼѣ
ǡ÷ͷԶһڣѪýһ˱жս
ѪãĽʡ
÷Ѫɣʵۺ񣬸֦Ӵ󣬲С
Ľü룬ͷû˵
СԲտȻİգСԳʲôѪãѪã޻أ
÷һۣСԲͷ˵ˡ
Ľ̾˿
տȻ˵ѽ̾ʲôСԲ
Ľ룬ЦΣգ˵档
տȻһΣñȥ÷
ĽǺЦС㣬⻰Ȥ
÷Ҿ̽һίʵ̫գտȻѵһѧţ÷ԣҪ
ĽЦǳˣһֻضѣ͸ǰ޷ˣ
÷̾˿ðɣúðüɡ
Ľʮ΢Ц
СԲһССĺľϻװȥĽˣֱ÷
÷峤ֲ飬ϼлС
˽ǣŲӿ죬ʩչӰ֮תɽСֱɽҪɽ¡
Ȼͣסü֡
ƬֽдУߣϢ
ȵʲôˣգ


61 ˫
죬ӹңΧһƬס
ĽüҴ˫
ûûˣоڿţо֮ȴŲɡ
Ƭ̺Χûߣڸй٣ëţ΢ëףɲ졣
ʮĽͣ£תͷ΢ЦǺǣǰαزͷ¶βС̬֮
ǺǡһЦ紵
ʯһϮƮƮ֣ͣ⡣
ֶף΢ЦСʦܷϷǺη
Ľ΢ЦתȥܻʮˣеվСϣеվϣеվڲݴУγһԲȦסԼ
ʮˣֻ꣬ĸˡ
ĸòƽĿ⵭ĮǸ߹ĵ̫Ѩױ˺ԣͨˡ
ʮȴӢ˲Ȳס
˫âңǸˡ
Ľɨһܣҡҡͷû뵽ΪһСͷˣǲ
óЩ˰׼ҵľӢʯԶԼӥ׽СԼѵˡ
аգѸƽˮξΧ
ʯƣ´ۣ̾˿ᣬȴ书ǿԼͨνǰ;ǿϧˡ
Ľ΢ЦδȻɱΣѿҪңǰɣ
ʯͷϴ㶯֣Ϸûűˣٹ꣬ϷҪִУ
ֵƱˣˣСʦҲĪĺݣ
ĽǺЦľϻ֣ԣְɣ
ʯ΢ЦǾ͵ˣˣСʦ·
ɫһһ֡
ϡУСνЦűƽЦ͸Ϸʡ
ĽˣǾʢ˫۾âͣΪ÷ǰé

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ɱһ˺ȵ⻯Ϊһ㺮âٿĴֱ̳Ľؿڡ
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Ľ΢Цǰһһ漴ƽһ̣ˡһ˰㡣
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ֻһɾӿˮ㣬ȻĪ֮һ飬֮飬ʧȥ֪˳ȥ
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Ŀһۣǰʱ䰵ڰӿϣԽԽŨʧȥ֪컺¡
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죬ıɳԾɿ֣ץסһԭ׹
أΪƬ
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ˣ޷죬һĶãʩչ˫һ㡣
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ס֣ĸ˴ȣϣ׺գĽ
ĽһΣۻλ˲䵽һ󣬽һѪ䣬굹ȥ
ĸ˴գת˹ȥ
Ľһֵһ編ʩΪֵһ
ĸ˴ȣѪ˿Ŀ
ǱĽը˷Ρ
Ľ죬˸Ӱ򹦷ѧ֣֮任硣
ٿӰٿ֣죬˽磬ƫƫĽ㵽걳
һֻʣ꣬Ľǰľ׮졣
֣ƴˣʯ

ʯƮǰɫ
һδ˰׸ӢǼסѵʹСģҲʱ
û뵽տȻת۹򣬰׸Ӣնɱ
ɱտȻȥԼ
ɫ䣬˫˸ɱڣΣҪɱտȻ
Ľ״׷ɱͣסһЦǣǣ
һԾңǰӣֱ϶ȥһỊ̃ת۹ʮ⡣
׷һִӰʯų
ƮƮٶ죬׺Ľʮɣȴ޷ĸˣĸԽԽԶ
һ׷һϣҼɡ
ת۹򣬽һɽȣԽïܣ֦ҶдУȫ档
ʱĽȻһ׹ңС
ʯĸһüͷ壬Ī룬Ī׷֣߰׵֡
ϣòɱͺ¿˰׸Ӣɶˣ
ҧҧƮ䣬֮ʱ׼
ϢȫޣҲоˡ


62 
ֻ谵ʯȣ۾Ӧͬʱתͻİ㡣
ֻ谵ʯȣ۾Ӧͬʱתͻİ㡣
Ƭ̺۾ӦڰܿΧǰ
źҶӣŲϢѸݣèý鶯˿̬
Ľղ׹λãΧûһĻţԽԽС
Դ˵ΪԲģһȦһȦƣһֱ̽ʮɣû֣ĽΪ磬ʧ
ʯüͣ˼Ǻ£ӰտȻʲôı
ǡʱһХԶ
ʯɫ䣬ȻбңҷӣХ
ļ٣֪Լ˴󵱣ͺ¿˽ƻԼȻǱȥɱʣ¼ˡ
ˣĻһˣ
ƴƴ߶ǰһѸٷӣȻһƺߣԶ
иӿٶȣһղƺλһ꣬Ȼ˫۴ǲʡ
ʯҧ֨֨죬˫档
תУӳ֣Сǰִͣ
ʱС֮ϣϦ֮£ĽƮƮһģĸ꽣ѩӳΧ

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Ž⣬Ľ΢΢һЦ
˺ϹУ˽ֿտգʣȻûȫһɡ
ʯƮǰվһ⣬һЦɱͺ¿ϷĲΪˣ
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һν֣ʯΪȷʵʽΪԼһЩԼȴ˿塣
ͷѶԮͽӢۡ
ʯЦνʣãϷȫ㣡
ĽüԼ֪ʯȭΪΰνѲɣǹǽ
Լһ֣ɱﵣ˲ɵӣѱôɡ
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飬˵ûɱˣΪɱԼѵ֡

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Ѫڿײһ԰ʯһĽ
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ϥ£˫ֽӡ΢˫ۡ
ղһףʯ㣬һȥ¥գտյֻʩչԪ
ӡһᣬʱľˮκ֮ë׶˿˿뵤һ˿һƣٳɶࡣ

£Զɣ˫۽ĽſԽԽ
Сսսıڿڡ
Ľ޶˫΢أһԡϦ֮£·Ϊ
˶һۣ뻳Ȼһ˦֡
ͣͣ͡
Ľͬʱˡ
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㺮âգһ˺Ȼһ٣ͣź¡
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ٴαۣղֺȥ
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ʯߣؿڣͳһӣɫƣҳдš񽣡ĸ֡
Ľ¶΢Ц뻳Ȼһһأȡɵ̾ȣ켫־
ЩϦȫɽĺɫҰž


63 լ
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Ľ˰ʯĳ
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üϲܵͷٺ»ôߣΣգ뿪÷ֳξ°գ
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Ľһ漴ҡͷ
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ǷؼҲߣƾЩĻһСԺԺȴ
֪÷СԺСһСĺԺҲǾˡ

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÷ˣĪŮ̬ɣ
˵գתСĽ빬СԲ档


64 
÷⣬ʮǰųһУÿԣһĸֱվţעĿ÷
ǰͷ߲վţһ縻̣һũȣȲ
ǰ̨վˣΪܹܲƽԷ̩Ľ硣
Ϊ׵һòݣƮ
һŮΣʱѥĲͷ
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ĽЦĪǳˣܴڿ
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Ƭ̺ۣһЦݼȻαضزأһˣѲɻң
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ءХէ죬ڹѵĽǰ
Ľһձܹͷ̷
ᣬˮֱ֮ȱӡ


72 ɱ
ЦŹɾ䣬ٶ죬һڹֱĽȥغХ
ĽһһţСۺᵴܿڹ⡣
ꡰסһ׷ϣһԾһżɻ֦ͣסٴԾ
ԾƬ̲ͣһֱ˶Уӯ
Ľ±ۣ䴩Ѹ缲磬˼УɫɮƮƮԲ׹̬֮
ءڿһڹֱĽ󱳡
ĽһۣٴοܿЦҪ
Цúֱ
ִƲ췢ЦԮٺ٣֮ǰȡ㹷
Ľ²ͣҲͣЦб£ȡ㱾첻󣬴ţ
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ȻһЦ𹭼ƮƮأһΣ顱죬˲仯Ӱ·ʩչ˷һ±ˡ
Ӱʧԭһӡ·ڵϣڶʮ⣬ٶԻĽʮԶ
ĽŤͷɫ䣬ٶ֣Ӱչһգ۹ʮԶ
ЦһΣ顱һٴλΪӰһӡسĽԶٶԻ
Ľ˼⣬Ṧأڽڼ٣ǳһ㣬ǹŹֵúܣδ
ֲãŷųϹṦɾȴ޿κΡ
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ˣٶȼ壬Ҫײ
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֧ڿγһ棬ӹĽͷסǰ֮·

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Ľ²֮ͣνʣһâΪɫƥϯ
Уֱκͣ͡
һü΢̣¶һЦ顱һ죬ΪӰ漴ʧĽǰɣסؾ֮·
վţЦƽ𳤹һĨ⴩ŨܵңڳϣĻɼͷŹ⣬ˡ
Ľһǡڴʱ桰˻һ죬죬͵˺ûë
Ľһܿڹ⣬֮գһ죬Хδ䣬Ѿ䴩ĽӰ
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ת۹˳һǸղ··ʱ⵹
ĽṦߣȴѷɿƫƫʹȫèϷһ㣬һֱ׷Ľ
߷÷ԽԽԶҲżңһṦ÷ˣҲܴȥ
һѾصǰλá
ȻͣסĽˣһһ³ֱ֧ʳָָСĴָм䣬
˻綾ţڹʡƷΣ˲䵽Ľǰ̫죬ܿѾ
ĽΣӽն
ѸٶУ֣ɫٱ䡣

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Ľˣ΢̣˫˷ܵ÷Ź⣬ȴԽĴݣŲæóָ֧ãȫסȻϡ
ʱĽѾ˳ʮ⣬鲻䣬޻ɫ
ҡͷ̾û뵽һﻹǸеУûп־ңνˡ
ЩȤҡͷңͣס׼
뿴ĽϵĿ־壬ϧĽƽ
סˣҽзȵ
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˻綾Уĵڹ˲䵽ǰȫס޿ɱܡ
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Ľͣסһ
ṦԼԶƾǽղ񹦣йվ
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ϣĽۡ
ų˼Ȱ㵽ǰͣһ⣬´ָۣһЦӴĻţ
ϵĸûĽչЦ
ųɨһ۵ϵķϺʢЦСУ˵ãǺηη
ĽҡͷЦͷ˿ұ۵ļ
̾˼άܣһݾһܣǧټסܣô֪У˼άþܡ
ΪطɵɱﵣԼûٷ˼øԼһ
ų磬Цʣ˲Ҫɣ
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СԲ˿ˣʱɷָŵصһ
ųЦеͷ


73 
СԲһۣߵ˵ģ
泯죬ȾѪɫ࣬˫ۣһĿģȷʵЩˡ
˵ˣȴ治ɫ
СԲŽ÷ˣԶʤˡ
ųЦŷ϶ˣҪһͣڹˣһС
СԲЦųϣ㲻Ҳκβһ𣿡
ųһߵ˵ͷûó汾£
ô񣬴һһˣų㻹ó汾£ĺѽСԲЦ
⡭СѾͷݣҲżңųϵһۣ׺
СԲЦҲŲţų߳ŭ
ȥȥȥųϰ֣ߵСѾͷ˵ǺǣС㣬Ȼȥɣͷ
÷üųϣ˾ᣡ
ڵ˰һһųϵͷ󷢸п
÷üᣬ书ʦš
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÷ü
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СԲգգۣںĵѲǱѪõ
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ųЦǺǵСһҲƣǺ
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ųϰŵݹȥСԲѾͷѽ˵ˣȷʵǱѪõ
СԲԲС֣Ծĵ˵ģ
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Ľͷ̾ɫһɣ顱ըס
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ĽŰı񹭣ɡ
˹Ӳ̥䵽鰵Ͷ˹ԼҲɱ
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ĽЦŵͷŰ񹭣мϲ
տȻСԲţߵ
ĽֻſԼŭ
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ɱ˷ҶѣĽļԼûнղ񹦣ǹվˡ


74 
漸֣дѰѣʧûġ£ֱӴ򿪵һҳһ÷С׭ӳƶ׷޵УԵ
Ľ΢΢һЦҡҡͷ
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ʱ֪ԼһӿʵϹ·׷±룬ֺá
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һֱɵķüֻһ׼֣Сӣȴ֪Ҳ
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»ˮһƬףվУ񹭣ϣͬʱתԦ
һȻ֣һڹǰʮϣ顱һ죬ľмը÷׷ɡ
һΧγһСӣ类ʯͷġ
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Թվӡתķһ»УС
»壬ˬһƣ˯һŲй
˰ʱôгƼȻһֵ֮⼸
ͣʼԦڶ㣬Ԧ
Ԧڶԣƽľغһ˺һУһ㼴Ǽ㣬޷ֱ˴ˣһƬһģ޲еģ޵ӡ
Գ˶ԣڶ㼫ѣ˺һ󾳽磬ȴﲻĽԣȴѡ
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Ů֪𽣣ʼȭţ÷Ҳʡ

죬ƽ˾ûиţߵü죬һǡƽǡ
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Ǽæܿ찲ڻߣ˲һ飬ɱű


75 
ͣסĽżһ㣬Ծϳԯվڸߴȥ
һ㣬Ƥڣͷ⣬էУϸһǣͷû̡
СԲҲԾϳᣬվĽߣֱС
۰СִüϣƣСԲƲƲ죬ЩһʲôѽҲѣòҰ
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ǺǣǺǣ⣬һѶһ·㽻ųЦݿ䣬Ͱס
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ߣȻһ߳Ľɫһ䣬һۣ͵ĺˣСԲ


76 
˳֣ԾȥСԲ빬ֶԸһͷӣսҡ
÷վһԵţƽ
Ľ˿ͷӡ
Լʮ꣬ӷüĿӢüۼӢʮ㣬Ůԡ
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˹ͷ³ѿͷȴӢ֮䣬ƴŵ⣬
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ͷһмܣһʴЦλòαƴƴβ˵˵
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ӢЦλﲻȥɣӴ֮ɣƾԾ¾Լǡ
СԲ죬޺޵ƽͣ޷ӦûĻ죬ҹշǡ
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СԲӽ߳أ˵˵
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ͬʱһ죬Ľýʣסһá
ӢӶн֮ʣӲ磬ܹҪԭĿڣȴֻ硣

Ľǰһǰ̣⻯Ϊһ㺮ǣ˲伴
ӢֹѪ˷һ̳ֱۣȡĽĿڣˡ
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ӢˣͣѪĽ죬һһݲֹѪ
ӢӹʮУתߣΪһĨ̡


77 Ԧ
Ľս΢Цó񹭣֧
һֻӨֺȻѹϱ񹭡
Ľתͷ÷΢Ц
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СԲ빬æµǳγװʮ֧ͽĽÿպȥμʮ֧ٽأʱǰļѿա
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÷ԸСԲСԲܿȥŷϣܿԱ͹ĽʩչغڴΣ

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ʩչķٶȸ죬һ㹦򣬵Ѹ٣һǾķߣС
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÷ڰ֣ˣƢö⣬˭ҲȰ˵ģҵĻҲá
ųҡͷ̾ϢϧˣտȻţ
÷üϣŷϣλ᲻ǱѪõĹ
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ųϵͷǰСӣϼһȴܳס̫ˣ﷢ë
᲻Ѳ÷˵
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÷Цɱȥ
Ҳ룡ųϹֽһ
÷ҡͷҲȰסȥɡ


78 Ի
˵ĽԳȡ
Χ׷Ľʮ΢ЦһԣȦӣ÷ǰ
÷תһۣôͻָˣ
ܵ˴ָǡĽЦ
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Ľüŷϣ˵ɽ˱أһ򵱹أĪ
ǣŷϵͷ
ųϺǺЦϢȥඡ
ĽСӣƬ̣һԿŷϣʲôҪעġ
ŷϳ˵ٶҲûãԼưɣ²ΪϳˣҪǿ
ãĽͷתʦ㣬ұһΣ
һߣصԣһ
˴Ǳ뿪ӯ鶯һȽȽƮߣת۹Ұʧ
СԲǲʣĿʧ죬Ʋ֡
÷ҡͷЦЦȥ˵ڻǣԸο

ɫ磬Ľ빬ƮƮУֱϣ߳ʮԶȻһۣɽ֡
һ·ϣƳĬűĴ䡣
ĽҲ˵һĶãһ߸·һ÷Ԧ
һëȻÿԺлطţë⻻Լܲһ
ԦԦԦίʵɲݿ࣬ƿһ谭ҵĽսһ㡣
ԼķƼԦԦСԦ֮Ī
ԦѪ㳲Ҳ塣
뵽ˣ˿һֱıѪ÷˺޻֮ȴԼˣСһξѪã
Ժвͣطţһ˽ð¡
ϧһίʵѰͨȥ
Ժţ÷ٽӣطš
֮ǰ½Ȼһ£˽ɳ类קŷɣǹ졣
Ľ뵽ִῴС˵Ѳɣ绹нɣԦУ
ҡҡͷˣйŴƣ缫ʢʹһϹ˼Ҳֻ񣬽ˣɽ
˿С׺ɹϵǳһӦǼľѧա

Ľһ˼⣬һߴܣԱܴݳˣ˹ơ
һֱŭһ仰˵УҲܡ
֪У̫бϼ죬й
һȻͣסĽջԾһ̧ͷǰһɽΡΡɭɭ
Ľ̾ɽӦԻɽýɽ͵ֱֱ£һֱƲ񷡣
Ľתͷʦ㣬ȥңΣ
ҡͷᶨҲȥ
Ľ˿ǿӭӣĿڿײ
ĿƬ̣Ľҡͷ̾ðɣһһɣСģƲԶа׮
šƵͷ΢̣Ե⡣
ԾߣҪȴͣסһۣ
⾹ǹͺͺһƬһУ̵ֱɽСڣԼԶ
ɽһʯͷСֳ룬ɽڹ⻬ֱֱͣȥԼа׸ߣṦٺãɽҲֻС
Сʯ̣һ˿ϣһ紵Ʈ
Ľɨһۣԭ֣ˣӣаڡ
һ֣֪˻֡
ֻܵˡĽ
ȥɣ͵͵Ǳȥ죡
ĽЦһԣߣܰһ⣬ǲǣ
Ƴһۣ첻˵ˡ
ĽΣЦʦ㣬Сǲ׺ɵĵӣ
ţǼӡƵͷһСŻʽ׺ɡ


79 Ӳ
׺ɡĽ
һǿȥ׺ɿһ÷׺һȣϱȴ
־µһһֱ÷ʹƴҲѴﵽ쳵ɣÿ۽硣
Ƶ׺ߴ֮һ׺ų˫С㸣ԵϪʦ̫׺ͥ
ĽЦЦ׺ɣ
ֵС书ߣ˲׺ɵ书
׺书Ľ̾˿
÷书棬Լ磬˲׺ɵŹ˱ˣ˰
Ľɣб
ǰĽ̹Ȼ΢Ц
Ƶͬͬи˵ˣС˺УһֻУҴСڸ֮ңǣһ书СأСΣŷ⣬ȴļѣ
ĽЦʦ
ǣƵͷ̧ͷĿ⴩֦ϼ񽥽롣
Ľҡͷ΢Ц
˲ò࣬ʦ㿴ŷǿӦǸǿӣӦ˲мһˣҪˣ룬
ĽƮȥԶ죬ܿЦʦ㣬ȥǱߣ
ջĿ⣬һۣЦеģߵֵʲô
ȥ˱֪ĽЦת뿪Ƹϡ
ʮףǰȻ䳨ˣĸգûĿô¶һգͷܿϼ
ԱһҶ֦ĿôһŴ󴲣Ѱ齵󣬹ʽ򵥶ӡ
ûᣬѰһ޶
ȻָŤͷʣ⡭ģ
ҵΣĽЦ
ƴⴲ齣˿Ϸ죬Ϊۣҡͷû뵽
ҵľһѧˡĽЦ
ƻȻԭˡ
ʦ㣬˵գĽ齣ö
Ƴһ£ϡ
Ľ˫ֽӡ΢ЦҴһʦţ񡣡
šƵͷȴû¡
Ȼ̸Īʧ䣬ȴǿѹ֣״
Ľ΢Ц붨ͣһ
ţĽһƤ붨ˣ£ͷ졣
ϼչΪ֮ԡ

Ϧܿɽĺɫ£˺ҹɫӿûΧһУڰٴء
ǿգϼĺɫһҲϢ˹
֪ĽưոݣҪһġ
֪˶ãߺ죬ۣĽѾ齣ļ
Ľͣ¶΢Цʦˣ
Ҫʡ
Ľ˵°ҹãȲˣȥ
ҲȥԾ齡
ĽͷߣСһ¡
áƴӦˣȥֱߣڿն
СԵ˵ԶԶȥѶϣʯСյһ
üУ
ƣṦȥر֣޷⡣
ĽЦҡҡͷӲգ
תͷʦ㣬һɱ˾ͻȥﴳ
ҡͷҸһ𣡡
Ľʦ㣬ṦҰգ
ƵǾͻȥ
ҲãͻȥɣĽοЦͷӦ
ظϣһϻԭ
÷Ѿ뿪·ϣһСһ˼ҵ÷ǡ
˰Ȼ÷һĽû˵ֻǿЦֱӽ붨ˣɹ˵
ʱĽ붨ƮСֱԻɽȥ

ԻɽһƬžϢϢ
¹֮£ĽҼӣƮ£ֱ䵽ʯСϣ漴ϡ
߳ʮԶȻһߣʲôˣ
Ľһ񹭿ϣһڹϢ
һ촫һͷ̨ϣؿڲһѾ
ĽҲֱӿϣͬʱϣһ
͡һХ漴һƺߡ
ƼԽ죬ΧȻŵϾȲð磬ʤ
ʲôˣһŭ쳹ɽ֡
žƣ漴Х𣬴˷һƬԻɽˣ·һֻͻ
ҴҽŲУһѳʯСϷ硣
Ļ̌ͷһʮ棬վŶʮͷ󺺣վʮ̨ף֮£ʮԴŹ⡣
ǾŻѣĽһԲɭɭ
ҹΣǵһǻŭ𣬺޲ϽĽǧУι
ǣĽ΢΢һЦϹ˳ȥ
ͣһХУڹһ
һ죬һ󺺻ӵնڹ⡣
Ŀ࣬ϰؿһͷͱˡ
ͷһ촽ٺЦСУ·㲻ߣƫǰ
ĽüëһȻף˵̫࣬磬밵˺ѣһն䣬ǲס
˱񹭣νʣӹʮԶһ󺺸ǰֱĿڡ
һն£Ľһཻ
һ죬󺺵ĳĽ˳һ̣Ŀڣ漴νһࡣ
͡һѪӹߣʯ̨ϡ
ǴָͶ˶ȻѪӿûȷˣһ󺺷ס

Ľǰ˽֣룬γ˲ѣڴûӦ
һҧŭߣѣˡ
ͷһ죬͵Ļӳѩ׺һĽͷ
Ľһײϵббײ˳һ̡
һĶãʱ޿̲ڹ죬֮һп룬ˡ
ԱһĽ
󺺺һ亹乣ɫˡ
ѵ֣˦˦֣ǰһӣǣ֣ﲢϣ
ϣ˳ȵ
Ǵܣؽʲôֹأʲôӣ˶־Ǻú
ʯ̨խһֻˡ
ݺǰͬʱˮкأ޿ײ롣
˳һģһǻƹۣĿɭһֵ֪ͬܣܣһˡ
Ӱ϶ΪһǿĽӽ磬ǿ˾ȴռϷ硣
档
һӵʮҵģСΪϣǽѴ󵱼ҵİɣ
һŤͷ۵ƨһˣҪͷҵģǶǾҷ𣿣
ⲻ¡
һ죬Ļ
ŤͷȥĽνߺĿһѪ󵹣˽סˡ
֣ĽһֽӹˣһЦƣеľɣ
еʮ㣬˺


80 
ֳֽЦ졣
⼤ŭڴ󺺣ŭȵСкò˭ѵ
һϺȣȺֿһ죬һѰĺƮȻ̨ͣϸĽ
ָݣͱĽ߰ͷվ̨ϣĽֻͷӡ
һſǼӣüëܳһһףֳһ쳤˸˸⡣
ӣඣ촽Ц糿ڰ
ã󺺵ͷޱĽ
ĽĿһԣڿһˣˡ
ĽתĿ⣬ϵĽ
ֳֽòֽܣʽ˽ƽ潣ȣխ֮һ֮һ
ȳûأĽһŤ
ӹЦСУǰһɱ˷ǳĲʹ죬ϲһһˣҪСѽ
Ľ΢һЦֽƽ٣ֽ΢ڳһƣٷϻְɣ
ߣߣһâȽѵĽؿڡ
ĽÿĽ
ֽܿͬʱڲ࣬ʽ죬÷ʮһʽ÷֦
÷ʮǳʽ򵥣һһʽ˳˼ʶıܡ
һԭͨʽ˿ȴǾףΪ档

ãһŤܹ˸಻йףӲ˼ĽǶȴ̳˷ʤ
Ľʩչ˽ݲȣǰγһ㽣⣬಻㣬ɽˮĴɽ͵֡
㣬һɽأԽ
˽˽̩ѹ׵ľѧĽѵ׽裬ʩչʮ㣬ζ˶ʱô磬ɽ
ӽĽоԼһߣڲݴ壬Ҳ֪ʱ
󺺹ЦСϸƤ⣬ӣòҪԸʹ
һЦʮҵģӺóԣؼӵգû͵ðٸ⣬ó
󺺵ͷţգǱȲ˵ģ
һ󺺰ڰ֣еСܰٵǴΣ
Ҷһǧʮһ
һСӽеҶİ˰ٵʮٺ٣С̫ݣһǧģ
Ҷʮһǧٵһ󺺴ȵٺһЦǿˣСƳͦһǧ൶
࣬˸߲ңһ߶Ľ
Ľɫ΢ЦɱӯУ˼άԽ䣬ٶȼӿ죬ڽǰ
һﲻԶţȷ£ӣо죬ɱǣסԼ
һֱŽ´˲ܶʱȻһ£һâûĶ
ӺȻһƺߣһͣĿн
Ľֽͣһɫƥӹǰ⻮һ
֣ॡһ죬ʯ̨ϡ
ҲȥæסˣĵĽеˣȥд󵱼ҵģ
ǣһӦתܡ
Ľ΢ЦҡͷӽȺ
಻ĴУ̨һһϣң·ģһ⣬һ㡣
ӰԿݶ˼֣Щͷ󺺺м֮׷ױ
ǲӲӣɼ̨̫խ˲վţûŲռ䣬ֻӲһ;
ߣĽ̫죬ҲѣΨõ񵲣һӲӣֱ۶ʱ飬һͣһ;

һת۹򣬳ǰɽѶģʮ󺺣һʣȫɴ۾Ŀ
ĽĽ̫죬̫ݣǾСϴˣ޻֮ɱѼһʰˡ
Ľ뽣ϣһѪʱ룬ָѩ
²ͣʰ׶ϡ
Сһ·֮ϣʱйͷһһ֪Ƕ֣Ժηĳ
Ľ̾ǵӲɱȴ飬ֱնɱߵɽʱ١
ͣ½Ųֶ·һվš
ΧһƬžγɵϣ·ֱԿͷ
¹ˮ΢˫ۣתķ
עϣƬ̺͵»Ž£ע뵤һ򣬵΢ǣչ
»ζתǰ£ˮתÿתһܣ»ͷųһ·ˮΪ
ѭ󣬵ﱥͣ⣬ķȻԡ
ķ˶ԣ£޷š
ţһǿ֮Źͨζͨ
ǰߣ»ߣ֮תΪ»壬·ʵʵˮΣ߶ؼɬתٵ֮ʷָ⡣
ķȱһɣߣ亱УĽҲǻԵɺϰˡ

ŲĻ̌ͷһƬһԼжʮˣ̨ͣס
ͷһͷ꣬Լʮ꣬üĿ㣬ݰףµĺᣬΪŮӡ
ţֶ΢ЦλУ֪γƺ
ĽЦɱ˵ģαͨÿɣ
ɱôˣȻɭɭɷȻ΢Цȴɭ֮Уˡ
΢΢һЦ󵱼㣬Ҳ
ǰͷ·Ľ˰ڽ
ѧ˿ԼʵЩӲ֣ɱȴףһ죬ǰһ⡣
תڴһ֣վ̨࣬һСģֱӻ̨ס
̨ǹ⻬ʯڣûһ䵽棬ֱӻɽȥˤǡ
ĽǶߣ󣬱Χ
ЩһηΧһǷ裬ҪԼͬھԼҲûá
ղСɣôߴˤȥҲǣԡ
ǽɣһɽһ䣬һ±ƽ̹羵۴ȵȣС
дУһ¥εضͻأۡ
¹֮£¥ɼǽߣԲԲ⣬һֱָҹա
ΧһСԺһС¥۴αȣ̳¿ȥӵڵУȺǹ¡
ڰ֣ڴͣסվСǰסͨɽµ·ɭɭĽ
Ľһ¡
ɣ΢Цתǰǰ
ۿ¥ư磬ΡȻ绢ǡ
תͷ󵱼ҵ棬գ
ĽͷִĬȻ
ж¥һңʯƣ֣Ի¡
ư磬ͷͻ̾ᣬʱ˳ˡ


81 
Ľϲ鷨֣Ҫġһϰ߲֪ɣʱ䴦Σ֮УϰѸġ
ͷԺȻ̧֣ʳָ·īڵд֣д֡
ʳָעָ⣬д꣬ؿһŸ֮ܣ²졣
쳤Х
Х糱ķԻɽţɽϵС̱࣬ŻХ
΢΢ɫ䣬˼⣺ᣬ񣬹ֲô󵱼Գ
һλУ󵱼ڵ㣬ɡ
Ľк磬ЦЦ̤

еƻͨһ̤룬ź̺ݵ飬һӳϵá
ۣͭʨӱǣò˫ֺʮŸһͷɭɭˣ
Ľ˼ۣûóȻ½ۣҺܶ޺޵ɱֱа˷ˣȴ͸һ˿Ȼ֮
ǰһˣģ΢붨
ͷ̣ɽòŨܣ·һҲݣէʨһ㡣
Ľվϸϸ⣺ʮ꣬ۻ룬ѵǹͷܴ󵱼ҵģ
ǡʱкȻۣһĽۣëƤֱ
Ŀ磬ʵʣһɨĽ͸
ĽĲס³ΪԼԶԶ
ʮһ΢ЦǴ󵱼ҵģ
еͷӾϴ󣡡
Ǿ͸ǣĽЦȼˣһںק
ߣЦ̧ɽָճĽ
͡һХ
Ľ˵ſڣҪһӿ˲伴ɫ徿
һͣسߵƽһߣײſ򣬡һ죬ſ죬ʹ
һ¿ղ֮죬һһС·ִӵ
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ָĽ֪һΣգڼ䲻ݷ֮ʶ㿪һֱܰȻ
ЦɾȣʮָȥĽȻǱȴûһëίʵ򵥡
еʳָָɽָ״ңң
Ľп಻һſȥ
ڿƽ磬ƺһ罦һѪһѪȴͣ˳˷
ְѪ̫תӿѪס
²ֱͣӳСղǺ磬һָ͵Ŀڣֱӱˡ
ʱСǰĿյأѱͷ󺺼飬ʮˡ
ܣһſŹͷ˸Ź⣬ᵶýһޱˣ䶢Ľ
ĽԼ·Ⱥˡ
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Ľһ¶Цݣתͷһۣã󵱼ҵû׷һ
ַ£ѪȻڴ󺺶ʱ¶һ˿Ц
΢Цڴ󵱼ҽָ
ָĽѿʵ
ָǿҵĿѧָԼ澭񽣡
һº˿ɵ

ͷָ˴󵱼ҵĶѧҲʶˣԹ֣ǣǰһʹΣ
ĽҡͷЦ붯ΪһỊֳ̃һƥǰ
иı⣬˵顣
У׷׷շһ󺺵£޷赲ĽĽŲ
˫ӣֺֿݣ಻ոӣңת۹Ѿ߳һ
ʱֺɬδӰ죬ղѨ̫ѪΪˡ
Ѩתʧ̫⣬ƣȴ谭糣
ˣӵ˵ա
ת۹ֵ˼ˣʤĽһһ߿˫һ߾
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һȺУƺӰһ󵱼ҳСǰƮ͡
ĸ֣˶Ĥʹ
Ľһѹ·ڵѪ΢΢ЦҪڴˣգСģȻٰ
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ڴԣóյأ󵱼Ľ֮谭
󵱼ҾӸµͶ
ĽְѪѵ˿ٷס΢Цҡͷͷ޶бŰʵҹͬ
ЦߣزʣΪۻϣΨǿ߲棬֮ҲǺУ͸
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顱ƿһС
Ľ²ͣṦֻòշתŲզ࣬ⲻǵ̺שأһһСɼָ֮

һָ߰̾һ߿ָ
ЦϾɱָ㣬һָϳһСӡ
ת۹򣬵飬Ƿѡ
󵱼ҵģ˺ÿĲ
Цߣ
ָӿ죬Ľ죬廯ΪһӰӣһƬģˡ
Ȼһͣ࣡ظһָѪ
ָмָͽˡ
Ľһ·̳ɵ
ڴ󺺶˫۾˷ܡ
ĽĿ⻺ɨˣЩãȻ񽥽ÿն
סؿڣֹסѪȴͽ޹ãǰҡҡλСǰ
Цÿһ־ᶨҪˣɽ٣ɽʲôã
ĽҡҡλΣ̤ʯ̨ס
ڴ󺺽ĬȻףȻһΣԱߣʯڻ䣬ֱֱȥ

÷һɫ԰ס
ڣƽ²ңСԺ
¹ˮ°£ӶĽӡ
Ųų㷢磬С㣬ôˣ
еԾ÷üԶĽӡ
Īʲôԣ
տȻе÷תͷ
һɫ΢䣬æҿ
ѩһ㼴ĽǰտȻ
û˴Ӧҧҧ͵ƿţݣܿƮտȻڣ
һ÷š


82 
ƼС㣬ô죿
÷ҡҡͷεߣȥɣ
˵գݻһѣɫװҹɫΪһ壬ͷ˼Ӻݡ
СԲ˯ó㶯ûŮҲĳСԺӣǰԻɽ
磬˫ǰ棬һԲ
÷ߣˣ΢ЦƣˣտȻףյġ
תͷǿЦЦЦݽӲѿ
÷̾÷ģϧһ
ǰտȻֱӻݣΪɺȴԼˣԭ
ҧͳСȰҲ
Իɽй֮տȻ书÷ҡͷɫףæסЦЦտȻнղ񹦻壬Ҫġ
ҡͷС㣬ûԻɽֶָߣˤղûõģ
˵ɫף촽ᶶ˵е¡
÷ڰ֣΢Ц񲻼˵տȻµģؼңҲһȥԻɽ
ҡҡͷ˫Ҷ
в֮УſԻɽָоԽԽǿҡ

ƴʩչṦٶ죬ʱԻɽ¡
ֱԵͣס÷ͷ̾ϢһԻɽ
üϵĵȻտȻȷʵˣ
÷Ŷ
㿴Щңָ棬ԭһ̨յһײ©ȴкܶˣҲβ롣
÷Ŀȥͷš
ƵտȻȥˡ
÷ЦⶸֱԻɽҡͷտȻҲ̫ˣطҲӲ
ʲôҸɣҧ
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÷ȥһźںĶֱ׹£ٶȷɿ죬ת۵˰ɽһųһơ
÷һӯӯעһˮ¹¸
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÷ſУٴһźӰ½ٶּ֡
÷ˣɫһ䣺տȻ
Ʈ֣Իɽȥ
ƽ֮տȻµλá

ŮṦã÷ΪӰӣ빬ƾԽԽԶһգۣѾס
Ṧãȴ첻Ľ䣬÷ϵʱĽѾأʮɡ
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÷һȻͣסԺһƬհףǰ·һģѪ⣬Ҳ̶á
һӹѹ񣬹Ѿǰ£տȻտȻտȻտȻ

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÷ҡҡͷΪȻȰȰȴֹסˣ֮ˣɵϣʲôҲģĥͷҲǰ׷ѹ

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˫ֽӡһ»£ȪУѵһϸоϸ΢ԡ
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ôˣСԲĽЦʡ
СԲգգտȻҲ붨
ĽЦŵͷǰǳˣС
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һϮ峤㷢ʰøɾ䣬ϸüԾµӣˡ
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֪˵ʲôãǧټƶĿڣµܡ
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ʼʱСԲ˵Цڣģ
Ľ羮ѨԴԴע룬СԲʱɣٶȼӿ죬Ϊһ硣
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85 ׷
⼸ܷʣ֬࣬죬ͲʱεϣԽԽŨ
Ľӿٶȣһ˴봰ӣŵһߣתǰ
СԲݸһԼһȲҧһڡ
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飡飡һſһץһڿУٶ
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Ľһñ𣡡ɱңҲϵСԲ
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տȻҪСѽСԲʧ
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ЦԶȥβš

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Ľɫ䣬΢۾
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ɳԸе𣺡ʦʹľǽָ
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ĽһΪһƬëƷ羪ߡ
٣󵱼Цбһβ֮򣬽
Ľʩչ֣һۣһۣһۣŲ鶯
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ĽɫŲæȴ̾ãֻܳˡ
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һ죬ƽཻ
Ľ첲һ飬Խп࣬û뵽ƷȸʤԼĽղʯ
ưѪ̫ס˿ڣֻӽвལ⣬͵֣һһ㡣
٣󵱼ҵŭһΪһͻԾֱĽ
಻Ž
Ľ£ͣϴ󵱼ƣʯϣϴһֱһһ顣
ת٣Ѹٻȥ飬һһ̳
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죬ƲؿڵӰ죬ɫȴԽԽ죬Ѫ
󵱼ҵЦٺ٣Сӣеŵ
⣺СӵĽܹŹ֣һһᣬ񼸷֣ԼӲס
Ľԣƴӽҧݽ¶
ɣ󵱼ĥ䣬ŭУƺȻءһХ֮
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ĽѪֺȻνƽƽһ̣ⶸһȻĿ
󵱼Ц΢۾Ʋ䣬ֽ
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󵱼ҵ˫۳Ѫŭɶзݣ˽⣬ָĽĿڣָƿն
һзڵʯ䣬Ӣ˶ˡ


90 ʧ
ӢƮ󵱼ǰ䱸Сͷ쿴ѾһתͷĽ
ʱŮȹƮƮҲǰͷȥĽ
Ľ泯죬һɫ԰ף飬ǻһ˿ЦݣΪ졣
Ӣֵ࣬ͣƬ̣ҡͷ̾ûˣ
ŮĬȻƺԳڸղŵĲҵС
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СˣɳŮӵͷֿ˿Ľüһ˿ѹ
һŮѪԣӺɷ򣬺ɫһЩҲûʲôʦãˣʲô£
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־ٴһΣ𣬸Ϊء
Ӣнģʱȴģֱ붨¶΢Цׯϣ״٤
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ң֪󵱼᲻ɢӣָ˵˴ߣѰ
뵽ˣֻʱȣ޲ϷԻɽ׶죬ҵָš
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91 
ڶѾϾ죬ųȥһɴȹŮվСԺУθתͷ
ԭĽʮ΢Ц
Ů΢Цҽ
ĽĿڣ΢Цʣʦڣ
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Ľ΢ЦʣΪζɴأ
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תͷĿм
ĽЦЦƮгӣս
׺һԾֱ֣


92 
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Ӣ䴦·磬һ磬̬ˣ۲ˮƳһ۹̾տȻο
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ĽӢͣʩչƲת۹˦˰׿⣬Ťͷţ
ϢӢӷ࣬˫ССȴң߲ϳ
߶뻳ͳѩ״ƿƮɴƿڶӣСڣͷһƿ漴ء
ɴ֮ʣĽŤͷһƳӣޣѩϸ壬ȻĶ
ѹԽ׷ԽͷҪ׷ģһϣԼǴ򲻹鷳
ʩƲ顱顱顱ڶͣļ٣ʱŤͷӢɫ
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ţðɣĽʡ
Ӣҡҡͷ첻ңǿѹסȴܶˣҪָȡýҩ
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Ľüţ˶ûнҩ
šӢһתͷ
Ľ˶죬ϳ涾нҩҲá
Ӣһ񣬺ߵˣֻñӣ˹ƶ
ĽЦͷȥһ򣬵˦һء
ҡҡͷңӷֽҩڣһϣҹһˣǲá
Ӣ̾˿ü˼
ĽͣʩչƲǿ̾ĲʣǰһƬ֣Ȼһɽӿȥͷ
ҲĽЦһ̶֡
һ֣Ľҷӣ鶯߷ת˦ˡ
ǿû󵱼ҵı£ؽ㼣Ѱˡ
Ľһֱɽܣ˰ɽľֱִָ֮á
мôľԼǿķѿ
ĽӢһþ込һѣۼǱ˵ġ
Ľ˲ȣȵš
Ӣ£ţ˹ƶȥ
Ӣۣüˣ
ĽЦͷҪȥҰˡ
ӢͷţͰˣ㲻ٹұƳֱӻȥ
ãĽͷһԾԶȥ
Եͷʹʱ˼άܣԼױ¶ǲѵ

ĽȥѰʱţƾŷƲ
߳Ȼһͣסһζ漴ɫ΢䣬޵Ľ
ѭȥԶԶһȴյϣΧڵУʮѪðڣ˲ڡ
絸紺磬ӢһģȴһЩӦЩӡ
Ա߼żһԣȻǱˡ
Ľüûмǰ۲ңһ塣
һӺȵˣù
ǣʮͬʱӦ±ϵĹಡȥ׼쳣
ʮΧͣʮ֧϶룬Щæңȴ϶¶
һ߰룬ء
͡һڹײϽ⣬Ľ룬Ծԣߡ
ߣһЦ𣬷׹һâסǰ
ߴΧ£


93 ɱ
տȻҡͷھεĿĽ
ĽǺһЦͷһۣЦ㲻㣬Ҫܴȥģ
ҧҧĺ촽ͷ
ĽʦȻҲġ
°ŭԹԼܣǷ֣ΧסˣûߣĽ
ĽһһߣЦǴģΪ˵ң
СУվϰɫСָСâģļ¡
һͣסҲͣסʮɣĽΧС
ĽЦЦǺǣұҾͱ̫ˣڣδţ
ҧϼŤˣͺ¿ǲɱҵ
Ľһҡͷγԣ˭
ɱѧķƲҧгݣĿ档
ĽƲʲôƲ
ղʩչģûзƲӵóģֶ˶ƺĥˣʱᱩ
ǷƲĽȻҡͷ˵Ҳ֣һġ
ģЦٺЦɭ˵Ųš
Ȼ˵˲ڿġĽȻ
ૣԼȷʵڿȷʵǼģǴӷϼġ
üĿĽͷתתֿ˿ŵЦǺУ
ĽɫˣСɮտȻʽ뺣ɮ¼ţȥ飡
˵ŻȻҧƺΪŭ
һߣǺģЩȷ˵˵񵽵ķƲ
Ľҡͷҹ֮УҲֻ·߰ˣϸȥǣ
ңұǼ֮ã뵽ƲĽ̾

Сһɺԣϻֱ˰ɣһ߳
ŰײֺϽĽĿɭ·һˡ
ɱĽ֪ΪˣǨŭԼȲɱԼҹζࡣ
ˣΪβ˺󣬻ҳѲɣֽҲף
뵽һ㣬ĽΪ棬Ҫ֤ʵԼ뷨
ﳤЦˣģɱй߰ɣ
ߺ뻨ף˪һָȵס죡Сɣϵ
ĽЦеĵŶô˵˵ЩΪƭסˣ
С׺ŭˣǰһʮԶƥϡ
δĽһҡͷѵͲʣ˭µⱾ飿
Īϣţæһ֡
׺ٿ˺󣬳ʮ⣬ƥ㽣·ûֹշ磬ʾĻ
һۣȻʦȻʦһĲ·硣
ȻտȻҲᣬԼȴѷڴʦ㣬νˡ

СУ˵˭µⱾ飿
ʱĽɫǺ죬ƺŭδҡҡͷ˵
СУ˵̤ǰһϻָƽȴԽ䣬֮ĺ
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Ľǰһҡͷû壬оᡭ
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ҽɣ˲֪ԭȴã䶨©ѧΪ˶޽䣬Ѷ
ѹ֮йվ붨׿ɴȴڽˡ

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ӽֵ·磬λԹ޳𣬺βʹ˰֣æģ
ĪϻŽЦɱ㣬ôѪõֵǽϷкԹ
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Ľҡҡͷҵˣ
ҵˣææңڽĶȫһ
ҲšĽ࣬γɲĽ⣬ֵ˵Χ
ԽԽмɵδȫȴѾˣһʯѹʱὫԼѹ⡣
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Ľתһ顱һ죬ΪӰӣʱʮ⣬١顱һ죬ʧС
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ǡĪָָǣεһ̾Ϣٶ˵

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տȻУæȥ
Ľȴȥ˹ͷ൹أһ㣬ס
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ʱĽӲ԰ףûһ˿ѪɫҲãû˽ࡣ
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ӢСƿ˿üͷ
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94 ջ
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ЦտȻһ书ĽȻһ£̵۾ˣ
Ӣͷֲá
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ԴҲûãɣӢûĵС˳ȥ
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һԿţоʦƲĶһôױƳˣ
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죬פӢڣһ̾ᡣ
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ɱСԲš
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ټСԺŮӢʦͽˣ֮÷ƻСԲ˶
һʱ֮䣬ĽЩڵУΧһ绨գ޲óפ˿̡

˶ڻ˵λʦãСԲߣĽ÷Ӣһ˵
÷΢ЦѪ÷Ƴˮʱ򣬷ʡȴ鷳лˣ
Ӣæ֣÷ô˵տȻɱģտȻҲû
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ĽЦҡҡͷ
СԲʱһۣĽһǰۡ
տȻĸ֡÷΢ЦƳһĽ
Ҳ͵Ƴߣ⻰ʱˡ
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ĽһΪӢҪ޸Լأȴû뵽Ǵӡ
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ͷǴȴüĽһۡ
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ΣտȻӢЦʡ
СԲǷ׷ͣסתͷߣĽ
ĽЦţҰɣǳˣʵܲŵ⣡
ӢһЦҡͷѣɵСӣи
÷ЦЦտȻٺúɣžܾ


95 
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ŶӢЦӯӯģƳһǱߣЦҰ޸㣬Σ
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ĽǺЦЦӣǺΪѡ
ôͬˣӢЦ
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ӢЦˣ壬ûǸ꣬գҲӦģ
Ľ˿ǱߣòԸУҲԸжˣʵңʵС
죬ʵ˵ܾĻһߣģߣ뵽㶯˵ŮӣҪӵУ﷢¡
ӢЦðɣúһ룬ҵţϾȥ͡
˵ţӻóһö壬ƴСһŮƮƮС
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÷ǵӸòִܶ£һǣЩִԹۣ
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ĽǺЦС˵Цˣ
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ǺǡĽڨڨЦ˼м顣
뵽Ըж˵ݣΣĽһ̾˿

÷˵һֱ·˰ʱ֣׷˳ӣŷų϶ӭӡ
СԲһ·϶䵭ֱŤҲƵģĽֻ÷˵
ԶԶģųϾ͹Цǰһѩ׵ĺӣЦãǺãӹ׳ʵȣôͺˣ
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96 
ϦӳᣬڵĹֲͣʧ⣬ϸ壬ЩСϡ
ϸһã񲢷ǻƣһ֡
Ľ۾Ժӳϵ֣ŴϸĦȴϲá
ʶǳۼ㲩ȴ㲻ϣĻԴʦд顣
֣ʲôģȴϵá
С㣿еѲ̽ȥ
÷ǰŷų˵תͷʮԶƮƮ
ôˣ÷ʣƮ
ĽЦѯ
÷˿˳ᣬ棬Ũֱǿס
С㣬ǿְɣĽѱݹȥ
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Ƭ̺СԲʯС㣬
÷ǰʻīؼϳ־ջһ֣էȥȷʵ绨ͼ
֪֣ϳ

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뵽ˣȻ

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ȴܰȻǽղ񹦵Ĺ͡
Ĳ㣬һڶǣƤĲ⣬ĲɣԵֵѰĵ
һĻĲ㣬ȴСɣĶǱղԲ
ģȫԲܣֱӸкϧһֱûĻᡣ
Ĳ⣬ջ۵ĸıѪ⣬ԣлˣͰܣǿ޸
нָѪֹסǿԴԴϵṩ״£ºϾתЩ͸֧
ԽղԽģԼ񣬽ղƽԽԽǿﵽղľء

ˣ÷Ȼ̾±ʣ¶΢Цǵؼ㡣
ĽۣЦСˡ
÷ؼ㣬һЦټɣ
Ľӹһʮ֣ͷʮջͷԲ÷С
Ľǿֳ嶯ЦСһ÷ˮƱ
ưɣ÷Ц
ĽǺЦһŵͷȥ
ġע뵹ϣ֣׶컯
Ľü̧ͷЦһƪķ
÷ͷ룬ǵ֮ԣ书ķû㣬ףҪ̵Ÿ֡
Ÿ֣Ļ̌ͷʡ
÷书ǿôõעҲ飬ЩԲ
Ľ
÷£߷֣ߴɸѧһ˺öλ
Ľͷ׺ɣ׽ɣʥѩ壬ݿյ£Ϲҡ
Ѿ֪ߴɣͷܵĴ󵱼ҽ֣ʶµһͽ˸ԽָߣµľѧԵõ
÷ֻ֪ߴɣȴ֪ߴ֮ϣɣȻ⣬ĳ
ŶĽһǰ㡣
÷ۣ£ħڣޱԺ˵𣿡
ĽҡͷæĴɱߴɸǿ
ǡ÷ͷ̾Ѿܾûд˵ֻ´䣬ʱǷе
СɼɵӣĽʡ
÷ҡҡͷֻʦҲûֻ˵Ĳ书׷ǳ
ۣ£ħڣޱԺĽȻ̧ͷۣǵɣ
÷ͷ̾£Ųʢ΢Ѽʿˡ
Ľ̾˿ЦС㲻˵ƽķҪȥ۵ĵӰɣ
÷ЦЦԵǳ˵ֽ̲١
Ľ˿ؼ㣬ҡͷѣһ⣬ȴܳԣֻˮζȷʵˡ
壬ϸۣȻףﻹ֣
÷ӹˣƣ˿룬һӶ֣ͣ
ĽӹƣЦֵŹ֡
İɡ÷
ϸɣԸߣ˵ܲʵڲɣȥɰɡ÷ЦЦ
ĽǺЦЦӢ˼
ֻһԼĻӵõ
ؼ㣬Ȼ˺ݣƾԼļʶ򲻳ʮ֣ңԼھԼС
СеĽʡ
÷ͷţмҾ
ϣǰͷСȡ飬ݸ㿴ɣ˵ʲô
лС㡣ĽͷĽӹ

÷ȥˣĽ߶ʮ֣ü˼һֱ룬ʲô
ģעۿף֪ôǹؽȴģģȥδעעδ
书һǧһŪˣ߻ħ书ģ֮Σ
룬ȴ̫ףϸж
ͣ£Ӫһֱû¶棬һֱжʱ֣Ūˡ
Ūͨһ˿򣬾˾
ҴҳԹ˷÷˵һ뿪ˣСԲһƬУһһ齣ȥ
СԲĲ⣬Ҳ죬ʱһ
ĽһʮϣֻЦЦûѿ࣬ܿϥ붨硣
ĽעڵڣȻģϢһƬл㱣ޡ
Ľǿ󣬾ܿзӦȻ֮Уһէ֣һ
Ƭ̺ĹըΪһƬ⣬ʱ𶯣пŭ죬Ҫɢ
Ľӭƺƿ磬Żӿƣճɻҽ
ĽŲæʱ࣬һֱܴﵽ񾳽磬һʧͻΪľˡ
Ȼ𽻼ӣȴȻɣҺӯ£Ž룬뵤С
Һһ£ཻ
䡭ζһڶը졣
ʱë׶죬ؽڴ򿪣ԡ
ɳһֱŶϣٻᣬٻʱ򿪣һθ¶¡
¶ڣΪһ㣬С뵤С
Сһ㣬뵤󣬲ͣɵתһĴָСԲ飬ŵɫ
ȫɣڿտյתԪë׿أ֮뵤С


97 ߵ
ӿ뵤ֱӱɣת۹ԽԽ󣬵˺ѾǼС
ʧȥʵϸȥ
ͣɣһƬʵ·֮һͨཹལ͵ĸо
ۣâһϳȥƬָ֮糣
ҡͷ΢ЦԼһֽңǲ
˵ͨƪǿ룬ȴûһͣʲôǿ룬
ĽԾˣ׽һӰӣڵעĽҲȻڵ
һԣнղ񹦣ǿ񣬹ؼʱͣ¡
û뵽ĳˣʱһϵһӤͷģ󣬺޲һֱˡ
ǺЦѲɣǵҵĽ𵤣
ݵԣӦɫŶԣӦϡ
νⵤ͸ɫģԼû
ҡҡͷһˣ󲻹ȥĦʮ֣Զ
Ϊǰ漸˹ţ漸֣ȴھ󣬲˹ţƫҪŷȥǣĦôĴף⣿֪
ǵӴģԼһ㣬߶ʮһԡ
ⷨſż򵥣ȴѡ
һҪǿᡣ
񲻹ǿ޷߶ھʱܿھһˣҪ꣬ʮꡣ
δֲ֮ͨɣһתȻʧȥ˴ɵĻᡣ
ڶζͨҲֱӽɵֱ֮ӳأǺһ
һ٣ٶ֮˥Ҫ֪ʱųɣھÿζܵõҪġ
һǵһأǿѡ
ջۣӿɼǿ˸ûʶֻ붨У֪ˡ
ԼԶˣҲ벻˹վţ˹վᣬͻͽʮǧ
Щһһ໷ڤڤ֮аš

տȻɵЦʲôѽСԲͷ
ʱ»ˮֻּ֣УԵøⰲ
»ңСԲϣСԲϥţϥϺһͷĽ
ĽЦûʲôСԲأ
ãСԲȤ붺
ߣ˭СԲһۡ
˸źܽǰ
춼ܹƿĽЦ
Ϊ㿴أСԲûͷտȻʲôʱȥѽ
ȥɣĽһҡͷûҸϾʱɣһʱ²ɡ
˳ȺһѽСԲ̾һһۣ˼
ĽЦСԲƽ⣬Զţ
˵СԲƲƲС죬ȴ
ĽаЦСԲѾͷǽסһû
̾ֻܿͿˣؼ˺ãӺãСԲģϲɵЩˣĸʵڲҹά
˵Żҡͷѣϧģ
ЩҲԣҲ˵һ䣬⡣
էȥˣӴ֮ŷֻαװѣȻ෴
СԲüЦЦտȻΪɫţûͿ
СԲڣ˭סϣĽЦǺǵ
ߣͻңСԲȴڲסüۼϲ⣬վ߰ɣ
ͮͮģ޶ˣĽԿЦôȥ˻ΪԼôСԲأ˵塣
Ҳ⣬СԲһ֡

֣˵Ȧӣڵƻͨ÷ڶ飬һԣҲһ顣
ŮĿСԲתתֿ˿Ľ
Ľ̹Ȼ΢ЦСԲȴ졣
÷ĽüտȻˣ
Ľͷޣû뵽ˣҲ֪Բԡ
ߣȥдһ¡÷˳ᣬһۣҲȥСԲȻҲ֡
ǾдһƷɡ÷ֶҹƮ
ĽʹӦȭЦãСָ̣
Ҳ֪Ρ

÷΢΢һЦȻ̽ƣưؿڣߡ
ĽѸƳӭϰС֡
ءһХͻĽһŷԼ
һһ綾߳磬֮ɣעС
飡һ죬˷ֿ
ĽһɢȥС
÷ȴһ£¹⻪תһû̻Ϣ·ɽϵŮ
ʱԱѾΧһȺˣ˷ܵߣĿת
÷Цһ£ôٽһƣСˣ
˵գһưĽؿڣԽᣬ·һˮƮĽٴӭϣײ
࣡һСʯͶ
ƽƬ̣͵ķֿ
÷һӨת˷·Ϊ
Ľһӻ˻ΣҪˣ뵣ȴһסˡ
Ƭ̺ȥĽ̾һСƷ
Ҳúܣ÷Ц˶һۣȻЦ˿Ī
СԲ빬ƶӣ֪Цʲô
ˣ͵ɡ÷ڰ֣ΧδĪɢˡ
С㣬ôѽСԲ̲ס˳ڣʵ
ʱ˶˳ᣬӵĽڳĩϥš
÷ЦЦȻ
СԲ֣ҡҡͷʲô书ѽ
͵ķտȻˣ÷תĽЦһҪúл˼ҡ
ĽЦЦҲûʲôʵһЩˡ
ʵνᵤ󣬵һȦԶʤǰһ
ܾţٴ󣬺ӵ̫խˮȥ
ϵɣ죬Ѹ磬Ҳ࣬ȴǰǿöࡣ
ɱС÷ҡͷʵ¹ش󣡡潣뱦ͭͭٴ֣ҲһնͶϡ
ŶĽһüë
Ȼֵ̫ͭնϵġ÷ֵ
ĽЦˡ
ǺûԵ÷ͷЦ˼°빦ܿ
СβԣĽ
÷ҡͷҾˣġ
ĽЦˣҾͽ軨׷һأС㣬ʦ㣬СԲɡ
СԲʱüЦô
ĽЦŵͷ׷µһ֣һޣԼСͬ书һЩ޻
÷ҡͷֻ˵ףӦ

ܾᶨ̬Ľ̾ƷУסջְ̾Ϣ˹ϵƽʵԶ
ҲûȰĽˡ
ȴ£ЦС㣬ղһƣһһΪ
÷ͷţǲ׺ķһǳֻܷ㾢
м㾢Ľʡ
÷Ų㡣
Ľզ࣬̾׺ɣȻ鴫
һžŲ㾢ȷʵԼҪԿ
÷΢Цֵܵס㾢Ѿ˲ˡ
֮ˣС佱ĽЦ
СԲ˿ˣЩԾﲻԾȴҲͷ˰Σ벻ֻա
ϧǣСʲôܾѽѵտȻô󷽣
һڿ䣬һҲû˵ֻżĽĿӣѾ㡣

ļ죬ƽ˾Ľһֱ¶棬չ죬һζޡ
գ׷ɱǱӣԽ̿ࡣ
һֱڤ˼룬һݾգȷʵ뵽һ˵
עϵԽԽСԽԽȻ飬תͣǳ
һΪһС
Ľ룬öϵ߾ЧΣ
η壬֮нղ񹦣ǵʮ㣬뵽ǽϵӵ˳ѭ̫澭ת
ʼʱ֮ϵףһ˲ϢѸ磬ϵȴ֮ѡ
һУÿݶ⣬ȫݶϵƶһȴϱԭλǰ
֪ƣΪ˰ϵҲԣ˳ˣ
־ᶨȻޣչȴһֱϵŬϵڱ
˵ϵھǰҲһʯͷסӣһһǰƣÿһ綼ķӴ
ͬʱǿƽŵ絶ʹңʹŷ˵ĥ
Ľҧ֣ÿľϽͼָܿٴδݶϵ
ʱ䣬̫ϵ߹ֹ죬徭Ҳ߹Խ棬ϵߵԽ졣


98 
ϵΪʱϵͣתųǵľʾۣȴûˡ
ϵ߹ǰѾ١
ϵ᲻Чȴѣϵ߹ţСС·
Чת׳ԣν֮
ٽ߼졣
ϵԽԽ죬ɬԽԽ˺ޱȣת۹Ѿһ죬볣˵ת˲ࡣ
չֻӯһ紵ܷߡ
ۣһƣϵ漴һһɳءһХͻɽ
տȻСԲӰʲô
ĽƣЦСԲʲôʱˣ
СԲ˼
ǣŲһŲЦұչضˣ
СԲսš
ĽЦ졭
СԲϴչôãˣҸСһͨڣػãû
ĽЦŪԵİɡ
ţһֱأҰһЩࡣСԲӯȥ

ĽҡͷЦЩվͰϵħһ㣬ʱһѣȥ
СԲܿһС࣬һƮᡣ
ѣܶԣһСԲ
ĽóỹڶӹС룬Цûǣ
СԲС˵ٹ͵ˡ
ĽӿԣŴ㣬켴̧ͷЦСԲһ
СԲüЦÿ춼Ҫһ룬ѣⶼ˵
С빬ʦأĽһ߳ԣһʡ
СԲС빬һϣ뵢
ĽȻķѾ޴󣬺Ȼʵڶܣһȥú֮ء

СԲӹ룬˳ᣬܿһľϻĽǰտȻСŪļ
˵ţľϻһѶ̼Լʮ֧Ѱʸһ룬ȴźâ
СˡĽЦһ֧ﻬССָָ⡣
СС֣޹Ľǡݡ
޹ȻҪط䣬Ȼһüׯޣ÷
ĽջعǷǷЦС㣬лˡ
÷΢Цҡͷ۲һƳ㣬ĽܸоĹС
书ϲɺء÷Ц
ʱĽ֮У񲻻书ģ˾磬˷豹档
ĽЦЦǽԼȥ÷ڰ֣΢Ц⳵͸ɣ·ڳһ
ĽҲûƴǣЦлˡ
÷ٶ˵˵СԲչŹת뿪صǰһϡ
ת뿪֮ʣһۡ
СԲߣһչЦտȻôô
Ľ飬Цеĵ
СԲЩ˼ҡҡͷⲻðɡģء
ĽǺЦСԲͨ죬һۡ
ĽЦСԲŹ䲻ղôѣɣҲס
㡭СԲ
ĽЦҴСԪʱˮɣûʮʮ꣬ǲɵġ
㻹ССԲƲƲС졣
ĽСʼߣҲǿ˵ܳɡ
Ҳ÷̫
СԲһɣðǹңǲǣǲǣ
ĽЦСԲһͨȭ
СԲջܻݣѧĽȴ޶ֻˡ
ڵһ仯̣ܾ÷ףǿ󣬿ˣǿģҪá
ԽʱԽãԽ붨ʱԽܳ־ãܡ
Ľ˵꣬СԲηˣƲһʱ

ҹɫ٣һƬҰӪ
ĽǱĬˣղӪʱСԲֱĽЦ˼䣬գаˣ˾
»ˮΧһƬѾԹ˷ЪϢˣվţĲ
ȻĽۣ쳤Х
Х糱ҹչڻǾѣ׷ץ𽣣ȴûҶֻԭһ顣
ĽСԲҵļ
ôСԲۣæľϻ
ĽƮ˳ᶥСԲľϻһ֧СĽӹˣϽ׵޹Хѣβһ
÷ƮƮһԾ˳ᣬʲôˣ
̾Լλ϶ûտȻȴãΪʵˣȻ
Ľҡҡͷֱᶯ޹һһϹƿն
飡һ죬԰֡
ӪʱѾ͵ϮаԶԶˣߵҲ
СԲеѽ
Ľ·ߵ
СԲͷæֵСĽӹ޹һСΪһϹ⣬ٴΡ顱һ졣
ĽЦٶ˵ֻǽӼһһһϹ⻮ҹգƺҽڶ
СԲ˷ܣ˫ĿŹ⣬ͣĵСת۹Ѿʮ֧С
ס֣һŭ漴һȺ˳
Լˣ嵽һ룬ʮףȻͣ£һ𣺡ż
һ·׷ʱ£÷ӡ
ڻһ飬ǰӽն䳤ͣ籩ܡ
ĽСԲ
СԲˣæعСĽΪһϹ
飡ȺзɳһˣǱľУڿзɳԶˤ䵽Ϻֻһɡ
СԲͷû뵽ĽС
һ£ʿ
Ľ鲻䣬Ⱥһ˷
޹ǿʩչԦŻˣҪСͷţ˿ɵ
ʱƵ֮񣬷ԴԦǹڣͬն
Ľ֧
СԲæ֧СĴָʳָһ֧СĴָָһ֧Ĵָ֧
ءͻϹͷһն£ϹһϹѵǰ
֧Ϣղһ뾭ֱ߰嵤ֵҪѲܡ
飡˳ȥԶԶɹȺ
Ⱥ


99 
ĽһҡͷЦЦӹСԲļ޹棬Ҳû뵽Ǹ
˵ЩǱѪõġ
÷üѪõˣ
СԲߵ׼ǣģ˭ѽ
ͣ¶˺ɣϵĸΧס˸ȥ쿴һ
渱𣡡Ⱥڴһȡ
𣡱𣡡˻ӶŭȣȺ˷·һȺŭĹţ
Ľڰ֣ûСԲϵСתͷС㣬ȥƴɱһ󣡡
ţҪСġ÷ס
СԲĽ֣СԲæ֧ȥ
˫ֳֽһԾ˳ᣬƮƮǰ¹֮£绯ΪһӰӣת۹ڻİΧȺǰ
ɱȺһȣһٶ˫۾˲䶢ס۹ɭɭɱӯҰ
ѸݣΧڵС
С㣬ǿտȻɣСԲһæŤͷߴ١
÷ҡҡͷȵȿ
տȻξ磬տȻףóȻգСԲѾͷǹҡ
СԲæƣҡͷʾٰꡣ
Ľ˫΢ˣӭһ˫˫ӣҡͷǿǱѪã
ǱѪã𣡡һӳȵ
Ľ΢۾⺺Լʮ꣬Сʵһ˫۾ӥۣӥӣ̬º
ǺˣĽ
Цʲôˣ
ϡĽ
㣡ӵɴ۾ҧݺݵһϣ𰡣
顱һ죬ĽλΪһֱ̣ӳȺС
˫ӣῳϹ뵣ݺύÿһȥ˵£ˣҡ

һĶãһӰķһ߽Ԧ˵ϣƺע뽣Уⷺϡ
볤ߣѭԷ룬ʵһߣȥ
Է˹ѹʱĽľ֮⧲޷ֿ
Է˹ѹƣ뵤ݻٵĽӿҲ޵ֿ֮
һĽһ϶֡
Ⱥд磬ݺ£ңһ֮УϹ˸Ѫһͣ¡
һѾʮˡ
СԲվڳϣ۾૵տȻʲôôһӱˣ
ƽս
÷΢ЦĵͷտȻѳԼ֮죬ǺˣЩ֣÷֮Ҳ
÷ڻҲ۾۾գԼ
ŷųϸվһ΢Цš
ֿüкȺдȣȴǻһˡ
Ľղѽʮĺӽ书ߣȴвסĽ
һжʮ˵£һˣֻʣһ롣
ʮ˺ˣùһֵֺ֧֧ݣʤĽȴᣬӽʣϹݺᡣ
䵽ϣ׷׵䲻͸Ƥ
ߵ˳֮һĶã޽ղ񹦣֮£ЧȻͬԽԽƤԽ͡
Ѫɫ䣬Ȼ䲻͸ǳնȥҲǹǺ˹У
ﻹȳȵ漴һ֡
˿ͷǷ׷Чת۹˸ɾĽҲ׷ֻ
м˸ߺȣŭų򣬷ܲĽȣ׳ҡ
Ľޱ飬ƮƮӭǰϹ˸¹⼸նɱǵ÷˰̾Ϣ
ǺηΪˣﲻܲ
Ľ˫أҰĿûһվ֮ˡ
ϺʮˣǶмղҡ
һ˫ѩɣ˸ûһ˿ѪԦ̻ϣзѪմ
ĽὣƮأڻĿϣ΢ЦС㣬Ҳ
տȻúã÷΢Ц̾
Сˣ书΢ֵһᡣĽ΢Ц˫ݸСԲ
СԲӹȥĴֵ˵ͷ⣺ѵΪˣտȻݺ޵У

Ľصϥ£¶Цݣղһƴɱίʵʹ죬ɨһӵ
񣬲ǰţʩչҲ֮ͨࡣ
Ȼ붥вֻ࣬Ҫպϵϵ󣬾Ȼſȳ
ϵ֮֮ˣǿȳơ
뵽ˣĴƺҵµһ֮·
·̣޲ۣƽ⡣
ִʱǰϦ¡
Ϧһֻɽ׳۹ںʡͬСԲڳ̾
һСԲ۾˻۾ˣĽһȡЦĽһͨȭ
˹һᣬĽ̿һһ죬СԲҲ˾ɼƴȴס칦ͻķңֻ
Ľҡͷ붨Ĺѭ򽥽һһӳʱ䣬һͣܣΥ֮ԡ
СԲʱȻͣ¡
һˬʴЦƿն쳹ء
Ľüһۣȴһǰ棬ͷʡƷվʮʿ£ͷϵڴ뺷Ӣ䣬Ȳ
Цһˣʮ꣬Ŀ࣬òһǵ͵󺺡
һӢһòƣӦǸˡ
ӭСԲһۣ

Ľü͸ǣ
ѽǷǵһң˿ü󡣡СԲͷ
С㷼ݰ٣ĳʧԶӭˡˡһˬʴЦ
СԲǳȥɣСҪ
ĽСԲȥǰ泵÷
÷ǰƣСԲĽ棬ӣǰ
÷ȭˡ
ʿ뻮һԾϵѵ
ǣȭС㣬һ·ɻ̫ƽ
÷΢Ц֣鴫ʵڲ̫ƽһαָѣǵ˱Ѫá
ѪãüǵӵСǵͷϣģĳСˣ
÷ҡͷͷǳ˱Ѫ븱һʱҲˣ
ŶȻ漴̾Ц÷ȻԻ
תһ꣺СӣʲôߣôҲС񣡡
˿Цȭ÷
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齣һϢڲСľϻȡС
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102 Ϻ
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103 
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һô׳ϣȵϢ
ϵת»ע֮Խʵ籦ʯĥɣϹӲӣҫյĵ
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߽죬һһᣬһһĽӿ϶˵Ľȴţ뺣
ιᣬƮƮ紺ˮһУ¹ʮ㣬£
˽ͬĽӲʱײһһͬʱִͬʱ֡
һһᣬһһһݽӴһ飬ʩתĽ
һã۽֮Զǵ֡
Σ״ֻţޱȡ
ǿƣϣʩչ˽ס˳ϸ۲˽Ҫ͵ʦ
һ׺ϻ˫赣
һһᣬһһһأˮʤǰκһֽ
˵ֻһ֣߲ܼޣˮݡ
Ľȴ澭̫澭̫澭Ծߡ
ңһĶñ£˫赣ʩչǿ
⣬ֻҪѧ˽㲻ڹķҲ޷̫澭̫澭߶ǡ
˿ȥֻз֮ûл֮ȴӲţһֱܡ
ι¹಻籩꣬ĽһСݣڷ籩ǿ֪ͦ䣬Ųƶ󱳶ˡ

ЦųȻԾһ⻯Ϊһ׺磬ֱĽ
Ľͣһ˵ĽʱʧĽӽ֮£ٴγ֡
ע£Ϣ磬ҪĽ󱳡
ĽȻһƽһߡ
ӹҼ磬֮塣
һ߶ȫע룬һǰȻ̿գһʱƲס
ι¹һͣòÿ
һ£ĽⱩǡ
飡һ죬ΪӰӣһ̳ڶʮ⡣
һԾ֣ЦýýǴ۽磬
סнӡԣٲɣߡ
߾ˣĸоΣա
أɫǺ죬ҧ׷
ιæĪ룡
ҡͷ޺޵ңĳĲΪˣ
ιȰڵڴˣǼȥ
ãͼλˣһͷɱеģĳرٽң
ãСоͽˣһƮٺЦ
İݣһ£ƽɫײ͡
һźСĹС۾Сӣź˵СһţСȴ䣬֮䣬â˿˿ơ
ȳĳʧԣ׺䣡
ߣٺЦһʧԭأˡ
һ߳ģڣСоܵĺǣҲ׷ˣ
ˣȱȭ֣ص

ĽзӣԺָղŵĽ
һߣһ߱ȻȻסˣѧȴޣҪȱ˻๦
ȻͷȴһӰһỊ̃ת۹ǰ⣬վϣٺЦСУߣ
ĽβֱͣȥһƬ¡
ٺ١Цγ̽ӭϡ
У̽ʮΣԿ죬¡
Ľݣ飬ⰫС֮
а죬ǵ£ǴѩѹɣҪѹ塣
ཻУĽǰСߺˣڿУ̽ͣײ
ƳӿдϣٷϿУϣٶȼ죬ʩչṦöࡣ
Сһֱˣȴ˿ңŻɭϣˮòƾĽĽ¡
Ľ콣ǿȴ޷Ӱ콣ʧЧãСߵĶ̽죬񣬸ʤһ
һɽһɽߣĽڼʶˡ
߸ֻǵǰ·أסĽٶȡ
Ľתķȴǣ̫죬˲ţң׷һ˾ķ޻֮
ΨһķӣֻƴṦˡ
ȻһֱֱߣԴİӶ
ˣһ
飡һ죬ĽλΪʧڶʮ⡣
ٺ١ЦΪһ̶׷˹ȥ
飡һ죬ĽʩƲ
߽Ҫ׷ϣһ£ֱṦߣȴƲһ
Ľ״޹˼ɣЦһƲʩչ顱УԽԽ죬ת۹˦ߡ
߽²ͣΪһỊ̃׷ᡣ
˺֣ܿŹٵС
س¶ٵûˣҲ¾ףṦչ
ʩչһƲѹ̫ĽʩչӰһ˾
ÿ߿Ҫ׷ϣĽʩƲٴ
˿ߣһܣһ׷׷һûЪһƳԶˡ
Ľһ߼УһʩչԪëſɲֹԶתΪ
ϵ棬תκٿķɳΪΪԴԴĶ
˽˾ִܵӰܵڶ糿;һСֱӴֵ˳һЩԵģţ⣬ˮһӡ
˾ͳԵȴͣ˺ˮˣˣȴͣ

һҹڶ峿ʱܲסڲݵϣ˻еСУӮҲ׷
ĽҲͣ£Ц״䣺ǰ׳ʤ꣬
ЦżУתʧҰС
һһҹĽԾ˳Ṧһ㡣
һ·ûоķûԪƾԼֲԻ߼ûɱ֡


104 ɽ
Ժгһͼǵŷִһܣһתͷ϶ȥ
һ·ʩչṦٶ磬ϵ֮ṦԽӰʩչйӰ֮١
ٵæʱĽԾֻһѣ֣ƽ޹ʵģôһַ磿̲סһ䣬ǹŹ֣
Ľعٵ˹䴦Գֱߣ˹ٵһƬ֣Ծңҷӡ
ٶ磬ǰӣϵתԴԴṩ˫ȼУкԦ֮С
ʩչṦʻȤö̼࣬öࡣ
֮У̾ŻߵṦ
޷ƲԼ֣֮ѷǹͷܴ󵱼һѡ
ͷܴ󵱼ʮ꣬Ըһɼѧ֮棬ߣҲǳš
ΪԼϵˣһ֪ԼԶ
ҡͷ̾׿˼һĸ·һ˼Ԫëſ˿˿£תϵ룬תΪע˫ȡ

칦Ů壬Ѿ磬̫ա
Ůʱûͣɽȿȴ÷ˣֱӷŮ壬ȥ
һʱ÷ˡ
÷ڻѾҵۣ糾ͣŻȻûн֡
÷Ůм䣬ŽװӢȻ
÷Ͼ֮У̤δ֮ׯȺС
Ľڰ۲죬ûҲû
ڰҲûš
֦һԲ˸ɨ㣬ľͷһӣľ㣬幬ȵ롣
÷˹ȥ䵽СϣķС
һߣһȥʰϵ࣬װԲͬʱɨȥۼ
һѶ໹ðСסװ״벻˳
Զ˶ʮ࣬ͣסԱһۣȥһС
һС㣬ȥɨ㱻飬Ϊ촷ۣһƮ
ÿһζ·Сһ࣬ʱʮףʱףʱϰףȡ
һ·Իɽ֣Ȼ²ȸͣʮƥһ㡣
ֲľ㣬Իɽ£˼ء
Щ飬Ȼһôϣ΢ЦתԪ

һʱ֮⴫˻һŭȵǽ𣿣
һ
ѣŭȡ
һ߼ţ
ôˣǿ̽꣬ʡ
ȰԻɽǹͷܵĵ̣ǡ˾
ЦߣͷܣһͷܣǵӲС
ͷײУΪȰ
ŭȣҲܣѲ÷ҵˣǸԣһɱ⣡ɱ⣡
һ㣬͸
̾˿
Ų׷һʽܿҵܼ㣬һЩ࣬ʱ˺ȵ
һĽղſ֮ȵͷͷӡߵȻǲ
ѣ֣˽Դ˴ΪԲģɢ
ܿ죬ҵԻɽ¡
վԻɽ£ͷۿʯ̵϶һգϡ
˶֮ɽС֮С
ĽһϣȣѰĻҲš
۾ˣվԻɽ£ͷɫ仯
һͰ͵Сͷɽźӣü⣺֣ôɽôȥ
ͷݺȥȻзӣ
ɰݵСͷüĪ˵ͷ໥ɱȡ֮
ҡͷָӡߵ˽թĻ᷸ͼ˭֪ϲȥģ
ЦԽԽţ
ҡͷ
һ֣Ļض˵ѾߣɱŹȥ
ЦȲѪ˿ۣŤҡͷ̾ϢȰ֪׷ѿࡣ
͸ãʱŭܣǱ䱾ȥ˵Ļ

һǵ̨ס
ʮ֮վͷ󺺣ȵֹ
һǲٶȿ
ءһХޱȡ
Х˳Իɽʱɽ³壬ͷˮкѸÿһ̨ףٶ졣
ʱһѾ󺺣νɱһš
̨խֻܲˣǿվˣȴʩչʽ
վں棬սһţһʱѷʤͷüߵԹһ
ǣһֶն߱ȭһӣʱʮö
ͷ󺺻ӽ񵲣ס
ȴû͵ϮһͷС
빥һ󺺣Թʩİʤ죬ؿһڣˡ
ʱɽϵĹͷǵ˰ɽһͷŹ⡣
ȳȵλǰ棬ǲ£ں棬ɱɽȥ
ǣλӦһԾӹͷƮƮǰͷߡ
һȺϣһȺ£˻ڰɽ

עȫͷĽȣ׽סһ£ϻŪˣѡ
ͷϵڴɫװӢ绻һˣڴǡסĶ̷
ϢУǾţɽϣϾˣȻûĽļð
ߣǿᣬ仯磬ʶģǣӢһ޶վȺУעĿ
ײʱͷ󺺷ײʯڣҽŻȥҽڿƮ
⼸䵽ɽ£ˤࡣ
һǽһ˿˿⡣
ͬɽµȥˤڵ֮¡
жη壬ɱȥȻӽȣԻɽ
ɱ˻УѪڡ
ĽȺ󣬰̾һ֮й֮ؼʱһȣʿ
ǰǰͷĽϵãι¹˫赣ܽȫס˹ͷǡ
ֶնյԹ󣬳䰵꣬ʤ˵Ľ£׽⣬ס
һӰ䵽ԱʯϣҽŻȥ
ת۹Ѿͷ󺺲
ͷ󺺺һȺˣˣ۸ӣ䡣
ҵģϰɣһ׳󺺳˶һ⣬Ҫѡ
ҡͷòƽһ˫۾ĿɭˣĴ򶷣ɫ
ҵģһֵǰٵ׳󺺳ٵأе
˵Ūʵǻʲô֡
·ûͷǲ鲨רעĶȡ
ɫƣȴǿ飬Իɽϣҵһ˵һԴӴ󵱼ҵû˸档
Ƭ̺˰ڰ֣ϰɣ
׳Ӵϲһֵǣͦס
˵գأһԾӹʮˣǰͷӹɨһʽɨǧ֮
ι¹һɫٱ䣬һ
ǽܣϣȻһĳȴϿǡ
׳󺺳Ӷڣڳ֮¡
ڴ󺺶˿ռ̨ס
һǧһײϣʹ񣬳Ҳɵ𣬽޷ᡣ
㺮â𣬰к׳󺺺ٺЦһڣʱȥ
ڹǻɨüë
Ƚе﹩
һĸߴ߼ι¹վǰͷһѽ˿󻷵ʵѩ˸ĺ
һԲ͵һն£ƥʡ
һ죬
áͷ󺺹Ц״Ʒһһͷ£ߴ߻ӽ˿󻷵ʾӭϡ
ͣײǶ䷢ᣬ顣
ȥȺȵ
ڹӹֵˣͷȺڻУԾȥ
ʱĽУҲɱͷ󺺡
ɱɱţĴȺɽ߸ż
̨˰أǣЩͷ书̨ףƽ̹ߵ˶ˡ
һֱŵģǽָš


105 ľ
ɽһ˸ͷ󺺣ѨѣԼϡ
ͷһĨ̷£ͷ˸֮һ䣬׺ݱ뺷һͷܡ
֣Ի¶ȥ
ߵ·Ȼӭһˣ󺺡
Կյģûж֮ĽӲͷƤ²ͣԽпࡣ
⵱ͷһԼʮ꣬üĿ㣬ݰףſӡ
ĽϵԼԻ£˳ǸЦصɱΡ
ǰסԼӣֻ¶ͷ
ףƮȻͣĽһ
߳Ȼλֵܣ
Ľһ̾Ϣת΢Ц
㣿һָĽ
ҡĽЦŵͷʮһ񣺡ʩ
곯֣ܿתһֱۣԻ¡
ĽЦЦº棬ˣУ£ǸȥԻǰ
档Ժſͣסڰ֡
ڴͣסĬȻ۲бӣҲĽ
ԺţԻɣ̴ƣƢΧޱȣɽµĲҽԼԼޡ
վԺУתʵ֪ʦΪΣ
Ľ̨µķ΢Ц࣬⣬̨ˣкιɣ
Цһٶʡ
Ƭ̧̣ͷĽ󵱼ҵɱİɣ
Ľͷҵ֣
ɱúãͺһ˫ȭգɫǺ졣
һ˶˫۷Ź⣬󵱼ҵղǳ£ûģһΣܸо󵱼ҵˡ
г𣿡ĽЦЦ
ɱ֮𣬲죡ҧ
Ľͷɱ壬Ѱ¶һҡ
ʦ֣ˣͷΣȴűˣϤ飬ģ֮ն֪֮

Ҵûɽɱˣ
ĽЦЦתͷԻɽѰ󵱼ҵ书ţ֪
书ţü룬ҡҡͷҴû
Ϊα£Ľת⡣
Ѫ̫ǿһС¾ɱһλͬš
ϧˡĽҡͷתͷҽȥѿһɡ
ʹӦã
˽Ի£һ
һɷһ㣬¯ǰһţûʲôɷҵģһĿȻ
Ųˣǽҡ
Ҳ࣬һ齣һ
ֻһţû죬ţʲôҲûС
ϼ飬һڵķ񣬰һŹֵʽòķơ
˷ϵ飬Ǽ𾭣Զ뻳
Χҡͷ̾Ϣʧ
æ󵱼ҵһ쵽ɱģһ£Ҫ£ƽżɽɱˣ˵Ƿһ¡
ĽͷΧİ裬֪󵱼ҵĹһϧˣƫƫ
ĿѲң䵽ϡ
Цҡͷ̾Ҵûʲôţû˽أ㲻Űɣ
ĽЦЦ֪մ
Ц
ĽͷתȻûУ
伫ָûõʧѣܿ׿ԵԵȥ֮½Եʻᣬǿ󲻵á
ңֱ񣬸ղ֪̽̽û˵ѡ
Ҳֶ飬ָ¾ѧ£󵱼ҵʮа˾ûš
ֻҪһϣҪԿûУֻܰˡ

֮ʣĽ˳˰ϵĺڷɷͬѰܾЩȴ
ĽֱߣʤޣԳЦԼ߿հ
˳£ʮͷһվţĬţɽ´Ĳҽš
Ľ¹ӣ֪кδ㣿
ҡҡͷϦ㯡
ԻɽΪɱѱյģʴӣ֪
Ľɽɣɽ֮¿ʼ
ҡɡ
뿪Ϥ¿ʼ䲻ǻۣԼ̣Ҳη壬ɲ
ĽȻ󵱼ͷ뿪ɱ֮Զˡ
ãɽһͷ
ҪߣȻһХ
Хף¡¡ƣ˶䷢飬Ѫӿٲܶ֡
ХʼʱԶХͣʱɽ£Ṧ
Ľһüë˹֮ԼԶԶ硣
תͷԻҡͷ
ɽϽڣʮ˾ˣʯ̨ϣѾ̨ʯڣѪմ֮
ʱһĨƮɽףת֮䣬ɽɱ֮ͣ£ֳ
ȴһֺɮ۵СУԼʮ˾꣬üбɣӸͦһ˫۾΢ף͸һɷ֮
ʮһ񣺡ӷ𣡡
һĸӴըףѪ𵴣ʧɫ

ʦˣͷɢ˫Ѫ˿ܲ
ʦҵСɮľСޱĺʮţк֮£λʩĪɱˣ
ľʦɱ֮ܲ˻̾Ϣ漴Цǽ÷ˣ
һĪ÷Իɽû÷ģ׳һٳȵ
ЦҪţɽһѣ
Ĺƨ׳ƿڴ֮һγսٺϣ
ӷ𡪡ľһţѪڣ˵
ĿУɨˣڶϣ˵ɽһԻ£һУ벻ǣ
ҵͷһֻľĿƽƽЩ죬ûһ˿ĸ飬̲סĺ
˿ģʦǴ󵱼ҵģ
󵱼ҵģľгͷǴ󵱼ҵĿɻʹָ
Ǵ󵱼ҵĻָҵĵͷһ£ʵʦ£
ľеͷ¶һ˿΢ЦʦֹȻڴˣ
ʦ󵱼ҵδ飬ǡҵæ
ľнüһʲô
ǡⲻ⣡һĭ
ľжĿתޱ顣
ҵĻæ󵱼ҵȥ׷һλСʦûӣҲڿʦ
ɽľеΪһ̣գ۵ɽϡ
ʧһ·ϰῪһʯͷ


106 ֹ
ĽӣһĿȻ
µˣҪҴ󵱼ҵģ
Ľ룬üߣҵط
ϻȻͷһصطҲ
ڰ֣ڴͣסٸ档
ת·һߵ󵱼ҿڿ˵Ҫ£ʵǺ£֪µ
ĽЦЦ´˭Ҫֵġ
ǰͷ·֣߶ȥ
Ϧ£Χõ죬֣ౡ

ԽԽܣԽߴһһ˷ܺϱӡ
һǰͣ£һָи˭ҲҲ
Ľǰһã죬ȷʵпգǣïʢ˥֮
ܶ㼸ˣĽʡ
ֻܶһˣء
Ľͷţȥɡ
ҽȥȣҡͷҽȥʲô
ĽҡͷɱŨǸɷǣҪɱ󵱼ҵģԻɽһ
һ䣺ɡ
ĽǹͷܵΪȫɱˣԩе
ЦɽϻຢӣŮˡ
ЩȻҪĽ
ɰ˶ɱˣЩŮû˱ܿᱻߣΪ
Ľüͷ죬̾һ
䣬Կ࣬ɱһ˹Ȼʹ죬Ϊ˳ȴֺ˱ˣ飬޷塣
̾ðɣȥһֻܾΪȶ
ıʱȴҲסˣìܣЩò⡣
˵ͷӦɱɾɱƽģɱǣЩŮ˺ҪùߣɱǣŮ˺ӽߣ
һȥ
ĽЦЦ书ȥҲ׸Ҵٳɡ
ҡġ
Ľڰ֣תˡ

Իʱվˣ˹ͷǣҵˣֻм
ľվ⣬˫ֺʮͷۿң˼
ΧΧϢ´
ľ˵ĬɢһĪϢѹ˴Ȼƽ޲ģľ
ϵ÷ӱ뿪ľͻë
ĽվȺ֮УϢľȻתͷĿڿײסˡ
˽ƽĽˮľƽ͸˿˿⡣
Ƭ̺Ľתۣע⣬ֻһ;
ľջĿ⣬ʩǸɽˡ
ȰҧһɬʦҪѹ˵
ţѰɡľͷ
ҵæʦѣ
ľתͷĵΪβѣ
ԻɽȥҵĹ˲ˣе
һԻɽԼʧͳֵܡ
˵ѡľƽƽĵ
ҵҧҧһѣ
ľһָ࣡һ죬üĳһѪĿѸٱˤһ
һ˺
ľתͷĹˣӹˣƽ
˷׷׶㿪ߣĽҲ㿪̾ϢȻһɱǣ
һ΢΢ɫ䣬ĬȻ
ȥɣһѿľڰ֡
ȳһ£ȭлʦ
ľڰ֣תȥۿԻ֡
һ֣ȫס˹ͷˣ˴󵱼ҵģ󵱼ҵȺۣʹԻɽƾĪָ
ѡһ֣ȵ
ϧֻʣ˼һ飬ĸһһȥ
ͷ۾𣬷ŭĵǣȴ

Ƿŭľ޲ýǧУɰӣȴҶΧš
һ˻ɫ࣬ҡͷ̾ȭľһ뿪ˡ
µʹɵӣҲױ÷ˣˣװֻ֣мҴ档
ңͷܽ𣬺
ˣľתͷ˭֪ʦֺڣ
һæ󵱼ҵɽ׷һУûǶ֪󵱼Ҿȥܡܲˡ
û֪ľ
ڴ󺺷׷ҡͷʾ֪
ľҡͷͷܣһͷܣʦΪʦܣͣʰɾ
ʦ˿ڵ
ľȻһָ࣡һ죬üһѪˡ
ڴܶʱӿȺ鼤Ҫ
֪󵱼ҵĺڣĽȻڡ
Ƿ׷תͷָĽУʦ󵱼ҵľȥ׷
ľĽʲôˣ
տȻտȻҡĽʮ΢Ц
ںδңľ
Ľ΢ЦС
ľʣ֪ʦֺڣ
ʦˣɱĽ
ɱʦ֣ľȻЦҡҡͷɱʦ֣
ĽǺЦҡͷҪְ֮ˣ
ľЦٿĽĽӭȥ˵Ŀڿн֣þò
ΧĿ·ˡ
ľջĿ⣬ҡҡͷϧˡ
˵ŻһָĽһ̤࣬λóһС
ĽգһУµ˶һУǺݶ

ţл˵Ľ
ľջ֣˵
Ľ֪ɱǣĨȥͷܡ
ţľͷ
Χʱըѣ죬۷׷ף˫۶
ȣľһһѪӿֻ˹ֵ˲˵Χ徻ˡ
Ľʦ˼
ľЩ˲ɱ
ǸɱĽͷ
ľǾɱ¡
ĽɱǣЩˣŮˣӣᱻΧŰҲԡ
ľ۾һƳһۣ࣬йù
Ľüû뵽ľ顣
ǺЦ˵˷ʥأɮƼѵ֮磿
ľĮ£
Ľһɱǣβģɽ
Сľҡͷ
Ľسɷ𣬴ʦ£̫ô
ľһЦƤ÷ϻ
ĽҡͷЦľУˣͷʮ㣬Լǰһֻϡ
ˣһ⣡
ţ˵ľۣ
ĽܷµĸɮפԻ£ħ
ľ۾һ͵


107 ħ
ĽǺһЦй¸ɮصϵ˲ԱȫЩŮ뺢ӡ
ţľ
ˣ¸ǣĽʮ΢Цתߡ
߳ȻŲһߣ࣡һ죬һСӡ
ľңָȥ
ĽתüΣ
ʦɱģļ̌۴ʵ
Ľͷ
ľĵʦ书䲻㶥⣬ȴҲɱǲˡ
ĽüҶ֣
ɡľ֣ĵҼʶһĹ򡣡
Ľ˿ֲ֪ɣüʲô
ľɨɨ˫ɡ
ãĽͷνʣµľѧĽѾãͽ̣
֪Уȴʶµѧ
֪ľĺ޽ղ񹦣ðգȴеʵڲɣܾˡ
򲻹ܣϲߡ
ľָ󣬱ȹͷܴ󵱼ҵĸȴѡûԼǺ֮

ľɨһΧеӣܰɣ
է䣬תܣǴĽľĻ֮䣬֪ľɱ⡣
ࣣࣣ˱󽦳һѪ޲á
岽͵ڵأٶѾ
ľɫƽĿɨˣȻЦһ¡
ĸһսĺ
Ǳ˴˶ӣĿ⽻ͣɫ취ȴûٸܣľָϢȡ
ľмһЦתĽֵɣ
Ľҡҡͷų
Լ飬ɱ˴ӲľһȣȴС׼ˣľвɱˣˣȰŪõľٴɱ
ͣһ̳ʽƽƽһǰ̶ѣʤһ족֣˲䵽ľǰ
ľһͷܹĽһĨƽľһֱܹˣĽһбľƣֱܹ
Ľʽ࣬ʹ÷ʮѸݣɾ䣬ϣлΪ֮Ч
ľ磬޷룬ҪУȴ֪ôŪģһ̸ִա
Ľ˽ʩչļ¼ĲסˣȥúоʦΨȡ֮ܳΪµһ֡

Ƭ̹Ľʹ˰УľڷԲ֮ߣ˫£Уһδء
Ľа̾ҡͷѣԭΪ÷ʮӣֻҪԼ죬书Ψ첻ơ
ڿȴԼˡ
һ䣬ľ
е˼ˣľЦһЦһ̽С۳̣һˮˡ
һ
ԿԿ죬Ľһٶȸ죬ཻԽ衣
ľ죬ǰԲܣĽ͵ְĽײ
üʱһĽ֮
⣬˿ʦϣǲܣͣʵѵá
Լ͸ᣬ㲻ģߴɣµһΣԼʦܱȶԷǿ
Ľ⽥仯ѩâвһ˿ɫ˺ɫԽԽŨ·һ
ԦϸŻһٶȸ졣
ľδ벻磬˿δ͡
ĽüʹһУϲʤľȻĪ⣬ȴסԼȻûȫ
ְνϣȻһһʽ͵ѧĽ֪νǬ
λУס׽ʱޣһֱʱֻѧʽ
ãȤˣľͷ΢Ц
һнʹһϹְĽȻȱ

ľ̽һ̳ĽʩչһУȻˡ
һ죬ƣþò
Ľֲ䣬Ծ뵣ɷǹ
ľüִ̳һ
죬̽Դ̲͸ɫ֡
ľ˺һȻһָ
һ죬Ϲɡ
ĽǺЦû뵽Ǭܵסָʱʮ㡣
ľЦָȻһ㡣
һɽܣʮɣҪ̤ʯ̨ףȻһͣһѪˡ
ľתͷˣüĽ
Ľٱ䣬ǴͬʱľС
ľӽγһܣֵĽ˫УȻһƵĽһָ
죬ϹɢĽֱ飬֡
ľ΢ЦȻָ̳̽
УϹһ漴һ̳Ϲһ
η·е͵ƣһ紵͵ʱҪϨ𣬵һֹƻϱ
ĽԽп࣬һн׾ʤɡ
ľһ̳ǧ֮ƾԼȻ첲飬޷⡣
ϵתѸݣܿ콫ȥ
ľȴֻ׼һУһһĴÿĽҪʱ򣬾һ̡
ת۹Ѿ̳ʮĽϹһһʮΣȴɲơ
ĽЦоԼΪһ⬣ľȴһֻͻ¿ڣȴ޴ʩֻ
ľ΢Ц̳һһһÿһרע
һɱȽ˱
Ľ䲻ȴƾӲסһʱ֮佩סˣףľ߰򣬽ָͬʩԼס

̾һȻȻȤͣˣֵ˰ɣ˴򷨣ҲգҸʰ·磡
ľ˿΢΢һЦܲ
ɿ佱Ľûĵ
ľҳϵĸ֣ǿ
ľջض䣬ֶɱֻһУɱ㣬ʮУ
ĽüͷһЦʮɱң
ԣľЦЦ
Ľ˫һȣ롪
ͣһХĽбһܿһָ
ӰһĽһľѵǰһȭ
Ľ˫չʩǬϹ֡
Ϲһֳɳ
ľһȭ
ϹʧĽֳɳ
ľһȭĽȭӭȭײһ
顱һУڿӹɣƮȻء
غӿѪ¶Ц
´˵书
ľ΢ЦǴħȭΣ
ĽЦҡͷ漴һ´̸Уǣ
˵գ顱һ죬ΪӰӣس̨¡
࣡һ죬ӡһСӡ
ľɫһ䣬һ£̨ϣȴĽѾʯԾʯͷֱֱ׹֡
ĽڿУԿЦҪԻɽҪľɱڲصúãȴԼ
ħȭܽǿȻµľѧ


108 鸮
һ½һ̾ЩĽЩŸߵܡ
ǵ񣬲ػʲôѧø书ֻҪ࣬¹ϣ϶壬ֶ֮УΪڳ˶ԣɼĴڡ
÷ãȴһСҪɴһֱ÷ǲɡ
÷УôƴɾޣȲЩӵܣµһ˵Ц
ʱ÷֮
ͷһ룬ȴ̫ܣ÷ԼûнղûԪԼͲڡ
뿪÷Ǿͳ壬Ҳ˵ˣҲӦ
飡һɡ״½ٶȶʱһ
˹ͷ˿ӣϸܷǳԼĻҲɮǿö࣬鲼ԽԽ
̧ͷһϷעۣԻɽɼľվ̨ϳЦɮԷ
Ŀܴ͸ռ䣬ֱͶĽһ̾һ
ܼɵľУĺ³ϣߣһΣûôˡ

ʮɣ֣˼ۣ֮תΪƽƣ䲻ȫȥȴࡣ
顱һ£˲䣬ȵϣһƮƮ䵽ϡ
ź룬ܣ漴ʩչṦӡ
ľṦߣʤԼҪ׷ϣԼѡ
һ߼ۣһˣϵתֳɣһ˫ȣǰＲۣһζһอ֮ƣ޸ˡ
ħȭǸ
̾һԼ֮ȭ֮ݺˣ
֮ʣҡͷЦֲйȻ֮õ쿪
ȻŮ壬СɽС
СɽȾɣɫ֮£ͣ·ʱ⵹ػص龰СԲź΢̣һ˿΢Ц
̶ߣˮϴϴֺһڣ͸ĵס
һ̶ߵľϣö˫ֽӡ΢˫ۣʼ붨ˡ
Ƭ̺վУУϽһģ룬Ϊüۡ
һӡʱ»עԴԴϵ޸ԡȪУ泩ԡ
֪˶ãѹ̧ͷһ̫⣬Сɽȫ˽ɫá
̧ͷۣ֪˼죬ӹ졣
µ㣬𣬺ܿ쿾ˣǳı
תͷۣ̾˿֮أֻżһȴܳסʱ򣬲̰ͼݰ
ɽȣϸαװһ޷֡
Ůϣһ·׷ϣʱ֣ڿ÷ڻ

ԶԶ÷ΧԲΧϰΧ
Щ˻ʹýǹͬҲ죬廨ţеĻŰӣһ֪ں֮ڡ
ĽվһϣԶüѡ
˲ò࣬ں֮ӣȴףѷڹͷܣ˺һĬη
һվڳ⣬ִֵǣӰѾǣƽǵˣ
Ǽܸߴ󣬵ݣǾòվȴʮ㡣
źƽǽЪúһӰѾѽ
ϴ󣬷İգƽܲģһ຺Ӵߺȣ˸߲ҡ
͵Ѿóɣ󺺽е
ϡЦһһʱѣ¶򰾢ļ⡣
ؼ𣬺󱳿Ǵһס
飡һնؿڣһ죬аܸ
һ׺ۣʹ÷һû뵽˺֮ǹ롣
¸һЦһţȥץǻĽ
÷죬ִؿڣȴ̲ȥһ죬ץסһšһ黨
÷ɫ䣬ˣһϢԼײȥһ㡣
ͣһХϹ˷
ͣХһϹһӷƲһء

տȻ÷Ǻȵʿһˡ
տȻųϴЦ
һ˶֣죬ѷ¡
СԲվ÷ߣСִüϣҹΣߣտȻʰඣ
ĽƮ޹һϹ⣬Уһӷ
ʮĹʮϹ⣬ʮӵڵҽУ޷ٶ֡
Ľڻûˣ飬ֱȡ
󺺺ὣȵվסǺˣ
Ľͣһߣһ䣬Ц÷Ǻˣ
󺺺ȵס֣ҵկӣ
޹һһϹ⣬Ľҡͷկû˵Ϊǵ鷳
󺺼״ŭһ
Ľһܿˣ޹Բͣ
󺺵Ľ˳һۣٴ
ĽһȲܹˣ޹ͣһʮ˷Ͽʼת
ٿͣסʣڰֵããԣֵǣ˺󣡡
ڴ˺Ȧ⣬ͣ
Ľ¶ЦݣӵʶȤƮ÷ǰС㣬ˡ
÷¶һ˿΢Ц
÷һֱվ룬ƽͶݡ
˶һۣתмΡ
СԲܹȥס첲ЦտȻٲͼ
һۣĿһҲֿ
ĽЦЦС֣ȻУô£
СԲߣɱһˣ׽ǣͽ
Ľüͷһô
СԲѾǵڶһûʲô´ˣһȴö࣡
ĽͷתͷС㣬ɱ
÷һ̾߰ɡ
Ľɣ
ҧ˫𣬱ȭɽģˮն£ٵ
ĽǺЦһҡҡͷᡣ
ŷųϹĽ˵Իɽϣֽкá
˵´ľУһѺ
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Ľֵ˷ʥأȱΪǡ
ȿȣųϿһڰ֣ҡͷǷʥز٣޷𷨵ģеӳ£Щµģ޵ĶǽħʲôɱΪʣɱ
ĽЦҲħˡ
ųҡͷѣɱ˭˭ħǿɰԵý
ŷϳߵ˵գ
ųæܣظպգЩµˣٲһ鷳
ĽüΪǷʥأ¹ɭϣ书棬ȴ룬˰Եŭ
϶ϹţǳԹµĿŷϵܵ˵¹壬ıưˣҲߵڰףѵˡ
ߣųϺǲ
ĽЦЦٶʣµΣԼɣ˵Ļɾš
ʩչغڻˣǵǸм

ӣУʱ·౻Ľ޹ߣ죬ִѰָס
һ·˳ʮ뿪˺ʡصǡ
ǵʱǡϦ£ĺɫɴеƻ㣬еѾ˵ƣеûϣ֡
ǴŽǣһǣǰߣһֱߵ÷ǰ
÷ǰѾһȺ˵ǻΧ
ͷӭ÷һӢԶԶľ͹Ц㣬ôͻΪҪٹţ
÷ЦЦţһ·û飬˳ӡ
ͺãͺã÷ۣЦˣ˲٣
÷΢΢һЦ˵ա
˸ŽȻ˳ӹĽСԲ÷һ
໤ȥϴϢ
˴÷£СԲվ棬Ľ빬ף΢˯˯
÷תת䵽÷ϣЦ㣬˳𣿡
Ȼֺȴɵ񣬷÷
÷ҡͷ˵ˡ
÷һӷ֣ڵվ𣺡ɱúã
ĽۣҡͷЦӣСһֱԹء
ߣңҲôɣտȻɵúãʹ죡÷ҧ޺޵һȣһң̫
÷ڰ֣°ɡ
÷ߵ㣬ǰӲգ̤ǣԴˣǲɣ
÷ҡͷһʱʹ죬鷳ϲߡ
󡪡㡪÷鼤ſڱҪ
˵÷һ֣תͷտȻȥϢɡ
ãһؼҿĽĲ˳һ·ɻȥˡ
÷һ£ЦտȻˡ
šĽüһ


109 ˼
÷һвһȻĽ
˼⣬տȻôˣѵʲô
Ľ˳ָ糣ӣ˵ÿأ֮ǣ
÷ҡͷģҪˣҲ󣬲һˡ
ĴָʳָȻһ£ͲôһƫˣûĿڣԾȻˡ
Ľȥ
³һŵ׼Ҹɵģ
ԣ÷ͷ޺޵뿪󣬰׼û¶ֵüˣ
ĽʣҸĸǻȥ˰ɣ
÷ͷͻȥˣ뿪죬ͳأǻȥˡ
ĽģֻҪڣһ׻׼˷ˡ

ؼˡ÷
ĽͷʮС㣬ӣȸˣ
÷æ̧һ֣ĽͣסŤͷ
÷嶯óȻ£ҪԸ׼ңȴһж
ǡĽͷ
Ƹ󣬳˴ںͣס

ʦ㣬ҲˣȥúЪһЪĽĿ͡
֦ӹ˿˿ƮΧİ
Ƶͷ̾ҲСģҷƢ
ǡĽͷЦЦѰ飬Ҳȴݲί
¶һ˿ЦݣСҲܿ࣬һ÷ӲԼ룬
ĽЦЦͷֻ֪о壬֡
ãưڰ֣ȥˣתۼʧ
ĽվԭأȵӰʧȻ
ʦ࣬ģȴ࣬Ůζˡ
뵽Լ䣬Īϲãȴһ˿ȻԶĪ̾һ
ܿ죬˼ֱ÷ɽ˴壬صҡ
һԺӣȻһͣסˡ
СԺһŮᣬɮֳۣһվţͤͤظͦŭ¡
ŲŮתѩৡһָ߳վסʲôˣ
£ССۣˡ
ĽЦˣҵļңǶͬŰɣ
ŮջسЩ˼תͷء
ɮƮ㷢ƮƮسĽǰüû
ĽǺЦ㣬
ģذһۣŤͷ
Ӽݡ
ϼǰִüĿٺЦ㻹֪иң
æͷӣͺãֻ࣡
㬵ĽһۣŤͷȥ
Ľһۣûʲô仯㡣

ָĽܣʦ㣬˼ʦ㡣
˼ʦ㡣ĽʮΪ
˼ЩţæʮһºˣΡ
ؿЦʦ㣬ʲôѽֲˣ
˼һۣʦã
ͣ˼СѩӡŵӣţСʦãҪ˼ʦ㡣
ĽЦ㣬л˼ʦˡ
֪λ˼ʦڴˣڰ㱣ĸ
ûʲô˼ҡҡͷˡ
Ľľɰ̲ס붺ǿסˣ㣬ȥ˵ˡ
ţûʲôˣҲ˭֣Ц
ĽȻЦԭǶֻش
˼ʮһЦЦת뿪˼ңֱȥҡ
˼æԺͨͨġ
Ц˼ʦ㣬죡
˼һۣͻȡЦңʦãܺ
صͷѽС˵Ǳչأʵȥˣ
˼ͷ˼
ؼģһЦԺȷʵӺţŮˡ
ϧ˽ܻˣ
뵽ˣҧ´޺һţҡͷѣ޲ὣϽǱŻʵ۸گ顣

ĽʱﴫһСĿԺܳڹűߴתҡͷԣȷǳ
ĽڹһСͣˣݡ
ڿϣɫ԰ףԱһٸι̣ϱžġ
ˣһһеĽ
ĽǺЦѽźȿͷܵúܣ
ǺǡͷЦ档
žæתǰһĨѩһŤͷĽˣҴٸ˲衣
Ľڰ֣ˣãǹܺҸɶӰɡ
أЦˣ
ʮˣˣŻظء
ϢһӡĽҡͷЦеѵڼŵãȫٻȥ١
Ҫµġ
ĽЦİɣ䲻£أ
һæҡͷ˰ɣɱңҲǸˣ
Ľ΢΢һЦҪú룬»׼ҵˣˣ
ĬȻ̾˿
žŤͷĽܲܰ˵˵ˣǻسȻ¥ɣ
ɫһ䣺죡˵ʲô
žĲĽĵĴʪ󣬵һи̣ǹ¶ĸô
˼ңʲôŭ
Ľ˿ľȲ϶÷ǣȴҲǸ˶㰧ģ˭Ҳס
̾˿תšҲǣϾɼˣһˡ
ڰ֣ģŮ˶ʲô
žĵͷݵļͷһԴ÷һ쵽ĵô
ĽЦ˿ޣҲһҡͷ޿κΡ
Ľ°ЦȻסϱһǽˣ뵽ˣͬĿһ
۵Ŀžġ
ĽȤοãȻˣתְˡ
÷ڵֳ·һǳΪתְĽ硣
ģž̧ͷӹ顣
ĽͷҸ˵һʮа˾ţ书Ҫû书վҪ۸
úúãžæĴӦСŵ¿ЬĽԷȥˣ
Ľæ֣ҸջԷɲӦɡ
ž
ͷţǾɡ
ĽƬ̣׼ҵһ
Ĭƣ٣׸֮һȷʵҸû֮
ĽʣԼ𣬻
Լ
áĽͷˣٹ
ž˴ſڣĽ̫ллˣֻȰƤĥҲûã
ĽЦЦڰ֣ת뿪ˡ


110 
صʱСԺŵ硣
Ժ˷ɩΧȹְڲˣ̧ͷЦС壬ˣ
ɩɫܺáĽЦҲС
ЦҵķӺܹãھãҲˣһò
һ˿ϣ֣ĹЦȻ˶ˡ
ĽЦҲǴɩԺá
̽һըֻƵС㣬߾׽ߵͷЦȻǴɩպã
ϴ֣һۡ
ĽǺЦߣض˲˳Цô
ţҪˡĽͷݣС˫һ°׵£ɣ
ѹһˮϴëЦ˵ô
ʲôĽʡ
תͷ˿ѹߵ㲻Ǳչأǳȥˣ綼˵ˣ
ĽҡͷЦһΪǸϵģ
Ҿ;òԾǰչأҪģôˣ
ţȷʵȥˣ˵Ľ
ҿǱ˵æҡͷһ˵ٱչأɳԲã˯ˣ
ҲáĽһ£ͷ

Ժ³ԷΧһԲ
ƻͨʱƮϰϰ磬Ż㣬Ʋޡ
ӣϣأ˼ĽˣĽæţ˲û
޲ʳ˼Ҷˣ˽ԣҲͬϲԷʱ˵
ӳ˼ڣŤͷߵǲִ
Ľһҡͷ⻰ô˵
Ӻߵ׼㴳˻꼰ҪȻôԣһ쵽ڼ
ĽǺЦǣҵˣͷ󣬶Ǽ˷죬
һңæʡ
İ׼ҡĽ
ɫһ䣬ָߵѽ㣬¾׼𣿣
µģҲôšĽο
ӵߣǱ׼Ҵǲֱ۵ģ
ĽҡͷЦǰɡ
ʲôпܣһǣƲ죬ҡͷǺӣС͹ԣÿζ㱳ڹ
ĽǺЦЦȲҲֻϿһۣЦееѨλĸϾѨ
϶ʱջؼңˣò˳Է
ԷԷӺһĽһۣȴٶ˵ˣͷԷ
΢ЦĽһۡ
а⣺һаԲˬ̫ˣ
˼ͷ죬ƺǿЦذһۡ
İЦû뵽ʦ𷨵еտȻģԼĸɮ̫Զ

Թڻԣϵ£һġ
ĵľϱ˵Ǹˣ¶ȲڷԲ壬Ҳǳġ
˵ˣĽҪССģĪҪǿʤһԵҪģĪҪСʧЩԹԹһЩëƤСġ
ĽЦŴĵú𾢶
븸ĸЩҳ̣Ľ÷Уѽ
ǰ־մ̼ȻһԶȥ·һΣ翶á
˵һ󻰣ĽߴǻȥϢʹˣֳľҪϢҪɡ
϶˼䣬˯ˣԺֻʣĽˡ
һǽݣȲʣ˵˵γȥʲô
ĽЦЦǸп
ʣȻѧʲôķ
ĽЦ˵㣬ˣһˣֻһ֡
Ķȥʲôذڰ֣ȻЦ񡭡ǸŮ𣿡
Ľͷǣɵĵӡ
ɣü˼
˼ϸϸüһ壬һۣҡҡͷ
Ľ˵࣬ЦҲ˵ɣ
ԶһЩص
ŶΪΣĽЦʡ
صʦ˵ɣ˵ɵǰ׹Ǿǻʦز޵ķʸ
׹ǾĽЦ
ӢһֱнģȴǸŮẦˡ
Ǹòǲǣغߵ
ĽͷȲ϶ɩȴҲ
ضʱü۴ЦߵŮܶ࣬Ҳǳصģ书úܡ
Ľͷ
бô˵Ƕѧ˹򣿡
Ľͷٱһ壬ӡһķǿᣬν
سҡҡͷ˼
˼Ҳҡͷȥʦ
ذһۣߵһͿһʱ书ķ𣿣
ĽЦ̾ҲǲѶΪ֮
ĽǸ֣ƾԼѧ书Ҫǣú£Ψвɰټ֮пܡ
ӢнģֱмףԲŷ

Ľˣһµˣʶ˽ָ
ػôɵ죬Ϊ壬£һ±Цһ·յúţûµ˴ɣ
˼ĽЦ
زָɲģ
Ľ̾Ϣһǰָ٣һָ
û˰ɣϽָôӵؽŵ
ĽңܿȻȾܡ
ߣôױܿҲµľѧˡزţӯӯҪĽѡ
Ľæѹס½ǣЦ㣬أ
ʲôҲˣЦȴҲ֡
Ľľ˽ȥˣֻµ˴仨ˮܶӡ
̹̹ڡ
üѣ󣬺ߵ£˹ȻԵ»ؼţҪú
ĽЦ㣬ľкħȭˣҸǶ֡
صСɴħȭȷʵûɵġ
ħȭĽʡ
ţʦ˵صͷʦ˵ħȭʼ󼫸ߣȱһɣʮܳһˣȭϣҲ㶪ˡ
Ľ̾˿ҡͷЦ
ЦŰοСС÷ţٸߣٿܸ̿࣬ߵȥ
ζǲĽҡͷ
ü÷һ׽ղ񹦣Ķƽûʲôãգȥʦһλʦ


111 
ĽһƬ̣ҡͷ̾ˣ÷ܰ;ϣ
ص÷һӾûϢġ
ĽҡͷЦ£ʮȫʮܲռеıˡ
治뿪÷ü
Ľͷǣ㲻˵ˡ
ѽԽҡͷߵѧ书ٰ÷Ǹá
Ľҡͷֻ΢Ц
תͷ˼Цʦ㣬ܣǸӣ
˼˸ЦЦѵѽ
ðɣһҲ˵ذĽһۡ
ĽǺЦЦڵĹ򣬰ã˵ġ
˵һ󣬽һ·ľգΪĽ
֣ȷʵءص̾˿ϧǲֻǿˡ
˼ͷţʦֵ̤ġ
Ҳ¶ź顣
Ľ⣬һȴʩչѧǲĵġ
Ľ㣬Һ˵ʮһִᣬһСᣬҲμӣ
̾ʦòμӵġ
ĽǺЦϧˣȻҲøʲôŮ
صһСᣬȥμӰɣǡ
ĽҡͷЦЦ
ִᣬ˲μӣСᣬֻʮµ˲μӣʢ¡
Ľ÷ʱ˵ϢĶ
μӣΪ£Ǽʶ¸书ȡ̣ߢȡ侫
ˣ˽书͵ѧħȭָ
뵽Щҡͷ̾

Ůֱ𣬻صԼϣ˫ֽӡ߶ķһ»ݶֱעϵС
ϵתͣ»ǴһʱһȦƾ»עϵٱ仯
Ľһۣϵ䣬յһ
Ȼѵƿˡ
ϵһ뵽һѸǿʵԾķ»עϵϵ
Ȼϵ㹻
ʼʱȷʵЧϵ죬ص÷ʱϵһ룬
ҲϵҲ޵ģǵСιע¾޼¡
齣ǰƿοЦһ죬ȷʵܡ
һѴ书Ҫǿֻջۣ
վ̾˿
ܾ˶飬ƴ˻ᣬȷʵϧ书Լ֮ģȴǵòʧмΪ֮
Եڤڤ֮Ул֣ץסǣԼĻԵԼõģҪܷŵ¡
һ׿ҪµһùްɣΨһ;ԵˣȻи书ԵδͿ޲ֹ
齣öܿϢʼղ񹦡
µãϵ֮ǿϢϢأݣΨǿ񣬶ǿ֮顣
ֻҪһţϵҲʹûдħȭҲƾʤ
֮ղ񹦣ͨпʹ࣬񣬴̼񣬴Ӷǿ񣬴Ӷ顣
ղʹʹЩľˣһֱû֮ס
һжƿ֮ڣ书޿ֻܾܿջ۵Ĺˡ

ڶ峿𴲣Թ緹˼ˣ÷
Ժӭһͨ֡
˴űװӢ˲ĽС
˵һͨξں߻ϣú˵˵һ·ľ
ĽҲûƴǣЦеĽһ顣
գ̾ѣһĳ
ЦյúܣʦܣȷʵӲ㾪գ˸ˣûˣ
ĽЦҲǱƵģͷֻӲͷƤǰ壬;
ͷѣúãʦܣ书ǿϲɺأû׷һ࣡
ϧϧûȥξŴȣ̾Ϣֹ
絭书˵ա
ξһۣߵʦ֣ȥ𣿡
תͷǲмش
ɽҡͷЦĽĪʦʦìˣ⵹ټ
û⣬һ쵽죬ϵģ
ʦ֣һӻðɣĽʡ
ҡͷЦĴȣˣ
Ľһô
ܰξ޺޽еν輸£ֹʣһ쵽ܳɰ׼ҵڽǲɷҲ
ĽȻЦںˣﶼˣ׼ҵĺӵͷˣ
͵һأξĦȭƣԾԾԡ
Ľ΢Цҡͷʦ֣׼ҲǳصģҪСһЩǡ
ҲǳصģİգξΪȻİڰ֡
ĽǺЦ˼ٶȰ
ʱӯŲȴСԲˡ
СԲһޣվ̨ϣݹԺӣտȻСкء
ĽЦã͹ȥ
ЦЦСԲ԰

԰һСԺ÷һװ廪ʸ߹ޣĪԲλֱ࣬ӡ
ĽרעĿŰٺϻһ
С㣿Ľ΢Ц
÷תСԲڰ֣СԲˣߵĵĿһĽСҪѵտȻඣ
СԲ뿪÷տȻ죬һܰɡ
Ľһҡҡͷˡ
÷üĿ룬
ĽҲĿԣ˴˲ôֱֱš
˰Σ÷ջĿ⣬̾յϢҵ˻Ϻˡ
Ľʣʱܵ
Ѿϵһ˹ӣȻҪ
칦򡣡÷
ĽͷĬȻ
÷ΣҲңƣʹ书һǧҲǶ֣н֮
ĽͷԼҵĹԲ·磬ңȷʵɣ
÷ȻʧһЦҡҡͷɬ̾˿ܣ
£Ҳֻܹ˲áĽЦЦ
÷Զʡ
κ̾磬ǿʳʵΪʵ磬ҲҪ뷨£ġ
Ľ΢ЦС㣬£Իɱˣ
㡪÷üŭ
Ľû£ȸˡ
ȥɡ÷Σڰָ֣˵Ȼ
ĽʧӰ÷˸Ŀ룬̾һá
ףĽߣºҵˣҲǨŭ÷ߣ
г̹ƣҵˣҲˡ
ĽջԺСԲ͹տȻСǰϣ¬үӰ١


112 
Ľӹ°׵ؾᣬչ
ؾϣСԲ϶£Ҷ÷ױ顣
дţԺտȻʮˣǰ¬¬ӷһվӳ١
Ľü˿СԲ
СԲ֣صտȻСȨȫ£Υǲ÷ĵӣ
ĽЦЦΥأ
ӸгСԲһһۣޱ顣
ĽҡҡͷȨһ㣬УԼûл֮Сһпɹݵġ
߹ǴС
СԲͷ
潣üʶСģÿζش֮£ʦܣʲô£
ʦֿɡĽؾݹȥ
Сӹᣬչ̾Сһʺ֣Ư֮ģ
˵ŻݣȻ̧ͷ
Ϊʲô£С飬뾹С£̫һʱĪ
ĽЦЦСԲߵտȻô
ĽͷƬ̣ãҽžǣأ
СԲٸ㣬Ͻȥ׼ɣҪ
ҪתȻͣסСѾԸãѽһЩСһš
ãлС㡣Ľͷ
СԲ¶ЦҾ͸Сظ
ȥɡĽڰ֡
СԲӯӯˣ飬˼

ʦ֡ĽЦŻһ
һ𣬻عüʦܣô£
ʱɽҲǣ˹÷ȥζо
ĽЦЦ赭дԼɱӣǵ׷ɱͷܣ۽˵ˡ
ȻĶһɱԭ˵СӰԼԼһŭ֮ɱ֮û뵽Ǻҵ
ң˶ʱɫ䡣
æʣңһң
һҡĽЦЦ
üͷһ³ȥɽ״æһңôһģ
ĽЦʲôݣС˵Ѿ˹
ξĪѵΪСӱСǺǣǺǡ
Ϊ˱ҪɱҡĽͷ
ЦȻֹξЦݽס˿תͷ档
̾Сȥܿң
Ľͷ
Сһš̾Ϣ
ɫ͸ŷŭ
ξֽе԰ʦһߣ֮󣬺ôң
ĽҡͷüһߣҲҪǨŭڸϵģǿɲ
ɽС˰ţжԲߣʦܲصġ
ԸܿĽͷɡ
̾ʦܣҪСģǳѲһ᲻Ϊǿͷò׼ңҷ˻Ҳ׷ɱģ
ĽͷЦǾɣҵҪƣһҾʲô֮
һӣ޺޵书ǿֻ⣬ôţʲô˼
ĬȻǶоһ˿벻ʣںǰһžܲԼ
֮Уʹŭ
λʦܣΣ͵Ҫƴڲƴû
ĬȻĽЦʦ֣ʦ֣ʦ֣ʦ֣ôͷɥ˵ܵסأ
ǿЦЦأû档
ˣǼҲס˵ˣ

˵Ż̩лվ̨ϣ˫ۣĿһɨտȻ
˷׷ױȭĽʮ
̩ڰ֣Ǳû˵տȻĥ䣬Ͻߣ
Ľ˵һͷ̩Ժ
һֱϣ֦Ȼһۣ԰ǰֱ̩ţ˽ȥ
⾲԰ԺУԺӣ˲ڡ
԰ڼɽ֣ҰʻǴϢ鼫֮Ϊϲ
ɽǰһСԲӣԱһܣ浶ǹȫһǼʯ
ģⰻȻ
̩²ͣߣȺأȴϢ͸һ鶯Ȼߡ
Ľǰ̩ãֻǾŲ۽Ҳٿ̩·
ȻһֶصĲ
̩СԲͣסתͷĽĿ⾼տȻҽҪལ
ĽüëһЦԺɽ
̩ͷ¶һ˿Ц⣺ղСҴ׽
Ǵʦô죿Ľü
ȻÿԺӣֻһԺԺǹʦ㣬ԺǴʦ档
ԼѧˣǴʦ־Ͳѧ
ལѾѧˡ̩
⡭ĽȻ˿
̩ǳʱڣзǳ£СȻȴҲǹŰ岻֪֮ͨˣ
ǣĽٶԡ

ལȡеǣâԣȴ֧ƿǣࡣ
ལƽʹݣ죬ȴռȣоʣϵȻŲߡ
׽ƽȴ
һ飬̩ս̾ԺɽУལûʮ깦ţ
Ľͷལȷʵƽÿһı仯ԽǴĦԽ
ü̩׽ԣʵ⽣ʵģϧ̫ˣշǺ£
Ľͷ˼
ལէȥƽ棬ԽĥԽÿһжĪĶ
ԼûǬû򶷣˻ǰԼ޷ᵽ
̩ѽݹ
ĽѾȫסӹȻ̫Ȼ£ͣ£룬Ȼ¡
̩üɫ裬ͷ޲쳤Хģ
ĽȻ˰Σͣ£ⴹأһ˼
Ƭֱ̺Ȼһ飬ͣͣӣһδģҡҡͷ⡣
̩̲סЦ
Ľѣתͷ
̩ЦտȻǡǺģ
Ľ¶Цݣҡͷͳ죬ȷʵòá
Ѿ̩ЦҡͷѣǸɮȷʵԾˣ
˵ţȭ֣Ľæ֣ͳ죬ĪɷҲ
̩üЦСӣ˲ãдһ£ʩչལ
˵գӱϳһӽϡ
Ľɬལӭ
ʵڲãһܼסӦ֣ȴºݹȳ˸Ŭ
ʮ飬Ҫʮ顣
һ˽ľʩչȴô£Ťɬȫޡ
̩֪ȱ㣬Ҳֻýι˽һֱʱ֣ͣ
ƳôãԲ

̩һףϵĽУͷտȻϧҪߣȻʮ£ལ࣬÷ӣѧ죡
лͳ죡ĽЦŽʡ
̩ڰ֣죬̾һ֪ˣϧﲻʲôæ⹦ںҸָǰʮУ
ĽЦЦô˵ֻܵˣ
ں̩ЦЦ˽ղ񹦣ԪһƴΣִУܵԽԶԽã
ǡĽͷ
̩ҿҸطúҲţϼ꣬ѹˣٴҡڳüҲ٣
ĽЦЦͳ⵹
̩ο÷ңҲ̫ݣˣǲ鷳ġ
Ľֻ΢Цٶ˵ȴ֪⻰ףԼˣҲҪ÷鷳ġ
Ψһ֮ҵԼҲͰǵŭԼˣǣŭ÷
Ǳ̩ǴУؼҿ׼
Ҫ뿪÷ӸտţСԲӺ׷ԶԶտȻտȻ
ĽŤͷСԲվձǰ֡
ĽתǰЦôˣǲСзԸ
ţСһСԲͷһƬһܣûˣӻȡһƾӡ
ģֻҳȥ˿˿ỬͶϸ졣
СԲС˵ס󣬾Ͱˣٴˡ
ĽͷĸɭɭĿ󷨡


113 ׼
ĸ֣ɭȻɽһۣ·һɽһѹʱҪڵء
Ľһ˫Ϲһֱͦ뵣סӴѹ
ȥСԲȴСԲ£״
СԲ⼸ΣЦһѾݹȥ
СԲһۣɷµĵͷͦõģƺ㣬һ֪едģ
Ļ̌һüëСԲûʲôо
Ȼףǿ󣬸о񣬲ܸоϵƣܲ³д֮˵ԡ
˰Ȼ粻һ
ЦЦջؾᣬŷüͷԽԽ
󷨣ȷʵ֣Ǵ̼ǱķţֻҪѨʱ
ʮѨأͨ죬ھ󷨵ԲЩѨ
ʱЩطɣЩѨ
֣עʳָᰴһһ˲䴫״紥硣
ɿ֣̾ˡ
ͬʱʮѨǣɷһ²ѣѪ
üƬ̺ͷʮȫʮӲֻ־͸Ѿܲ
˵ӲҲֻܹ˲á

տȻôСԲʱüʱ΢Цž᲻ù졣
Ļ̌ͷЦţסˡ
ǺãҰɡСԲӨС֡
Ľݸ˫һ࣬ữΪĩҡͷС㻹Сġ
СԲҵشܴȥģ֪Ǵ鷳
Ľüͷһͷ¸ж÷νǧټƵİԼ
˽书й¶ѧҶԣɱ
ϣңžѧ˽ѧھټ֮һ
ԼɩǴǳɹ򣬴ɫ䣬ŵòᡣ
СԲտȻҪǱ˷ˣһҪҧԼõģǴӱѧģ
ĽЦЦţʡġ
СԲһѹŹС㶼أľѧ
šĽɻ
СԲδŵϱĹӺϲ˽͸ġ
Ľͷ
СԲŵǰĹӱɱˣ¾û֪С˵£Сⲿķ
Ĺӱ˭ɱˣĽʣһꡣ
־Զ˵𣿡СԲͷʡ
ĽҡͷҴǰֻо𷨣¡
ǹªСԲЦŵ¶ĸ֣ƢֵúܣһԲϣȡʲôˣ
ĽֱģɱĹӣ
СԲͷǰҲ߯󣬾ɱĹӣ˵ܴӦ𣿣
ȻأĽʡ
СԲ˷ܵеĸֶⶾҲɱʮ֣űɱˡ
ĽЦŴСԲСԲĪӣô
СԲϲңĽЦ
СԲһƲһ壺ߣûƼ˵ģʢˣµһˣᣡ
ĽͷЦҲɡ
СԲеǿһЩĹӣ滹ƣҲϲ
ĽһͷЦѽ˲ë٣
ֿȴ죬СԲܲסͷ㲻Ҳһ׼Цң
ĽȡЦ䣬ת뿪÷

һ·ϣӿΣĿĺڣֻ˵÷÷飬ԼͲ뿪÷
Ϊߣ֮£ԽԽ޷԰Σҡҡͷпǧ
˼ңĸڣΨдɩһˣĽʣ˵ȥңĸɶˡ
Ľ˹Ĭ죬߸ڽһ׻ȻҲ֪˵ĴڣԷɩһˡ
˵һĽԼӣóڵķ
ۣͭʨӱǣ⣬Ųͷһ⿪һʱɷӿںˡ
Ľϸϸϸȥվû̽
¬үӵȻܾòѰϸоֿ
̾˿ˣȻоǻԵδǿģתͷ˼ٶ롣
ݣϱߵѼ£Žɹѣн񱣬ϴúڣһҡ
ˣһɵ˿ӣ°װȺԲѩףһ㣬޲ȥһ
ĽЦй棬СҲָ˼Ρ
ĽͷۣЦɩһӣܱȵϴ
ƲƲ죬ҡͷЦһ쵽æͷأйһմϾͺ˯ˣ
ĽǺЦЦû˵
ɩܻ֪÷ڻһأü˳ۣˮֲ˼
˵һҳ̣ɹѣһȥҡ
Ҷ˶ɶӣСһϲˣֵЦͣ
ʱ磬ٿһ£͹ȥˣֱҳˣ˾һַǷ
ʱĽҲˣ˵ճһ˾ƣĽСȴܿľơ
˾ƣʼҲˣ˵Լð͵÷˵Լ⡣
Ľÿ죬æסܻȥˡ

ڶ죬Ľ˳Թ˷ԼҪˣȥϣ¬ү
ˣһһС¡
ӻѵСҪ·̰棬ۣ÷ˣ
ĽͷЦҲ븮Ҳֲҡ
ӻ˵һֻۣó˵Ҫ鷳һѽ㣬˲ģ
ĽЦŵͷܸоĹС
۾һɣĽ磬ЦϴϣǶˣ㶪
ĽԴ˵
ҡͷ̾ľأôţ϶ˣǲ
ĽЦҸߺû
ߣǵȻûģ϶ҹൽӵüЦ
бһֲִۣʲô¶
ӿһ졣
ĽǺЦŸ˸𣬲Ľ練Ӧһ̶ˣʵڲͷ磬һͨ߶
÷Ժĸڣɫء
ڷѺĳһţƤСţԼа֧
ƤϣģССһҲжʮ
֣ܺһĽʮϺҲ֪ǳ̴ʦ


114 
ЦŰοǣСԲˣ˵롣
ĽСԲ÷ڵС¥
С¥ںĶǣ¥ΧһƬԣľȻƣһԴ
ʱ÷ڻСͤУһ飬ְϣʱᲦһ¡
һѩѩ׼ӳ粻ʳ˼̻ӣСͤΧĵ籣ᵴ̡
СԲһЦת뿪ˡ
Ľվ⣬һ÷֪һ߶飬һ߸٣Ȼ֡
һֹ÷Ťͷ
Ľ¶һ΢Цӯӯ֣տȻʦ
ĽʮңңһƿţŻССͤ΢Цˡ
ۿ÷һüüһ˿Ϣ
Цģؿ
裬յûһ˿覴ãէԽԽζƣϸƷ
Ľӹˣŵߣʮһ񣬵л
һлͻأֺģΪ󷨡
÷΢ЦҲûãԸˣĪ֪ˡ
ǡĽͷ
֣Ȼ书ΪĹ
÷ʣܾû⹫ˡ⹫٣һŹȥɡ
Ľף¬үӾ÷⹫
ǡͷ
÷ȡһţŵϣĽ뻳
÷΢Ц⹫ŷ𷨣ڼҵľʿһӣ⹫һ𷨡
Ľͷ°̾ڣһ޷
ԵȣȥöӯӯʧС¥
Ƭ̺һľϻһ׳߿ŵϴ򿪣
շԲĶӣЦ
һؾԼнɫС֣ͦĽһۣϳǽվ
÷ָָʦˣʦȥǿҸ˰æȥҲɡ
ĽЦŵͷľϻ뿪ˡ

λںʡʡ磬ؾ֮Ż쳣
¥˺ϳһ¥ߣ𣬼Ū£ɷǳ
ֵƳϣ¥ȻһУɫɮۣ渺һľϻӣֲ飬ϡ
ģеȸͷӣòƽɫӨ̣͸һƮȻ֮
ʣӭĲҵæõ¥һλ
ʱĺɫտʼ֣¥˲ࡣ
Ľ
Ǳ÷¹ڳ˺Ż
һ·ϣ壬û£˳˼ѣܿ촳˺պյͷ˫ɮտȻ֮ķ
˼ˣΧ
ֻʮһĸˣڳԲˣʹȾƣ̸ЦסΧ
༸Ҳ͵ö࣬ûۡ
˰ѳʣϣӳŵƹ⣬λΣɭɭǵȴͨͨģЦͣ
ϴ˵˰ɣðһУʲô˫ɮտȻɱ˲գۣµĺС
µģ׵ҡͷ
ȳ˫۹֮亮䣬Ϊ
治µôһͷʣ̾˵˿ɵ
׵˵ͷµģºкýָƷȭ
ô˵治µġӵͷǺЦϴΪµĺвý
мýɡ˵΢ƲýԴ޵֡
ôĿЦ
˵µĺȷʵҵˣˣжԶܶԶǧ򲻿ɽ֡
ϴµĺһҲֲסЩ
˵ͷָһһܲ
ָƲƲ죬ȴ˵ˡ
ָ˲ָ֪ɫΣʤⲻǵ֡

˳Ĭ˰ΣȥֻܿԾ
ϴ˵˫ɮտȻηʥӴһãٺЦʡ
֪ءҡͷɫĮ
һߴɣȲµģʥѩ׺ɶŮˣǵʿܣϹң񣡡ݿյǳ׽ɣ
˵ǡ˵
ۣѲǰ˴ҵģ
˷ڰ֣˵ЩûãǱϾˡ
ɵЦٺ٣ϴҰͲأҵƣ˫ɮ׶
ˣüһ²һ£ɽկ²ˣ
ٺ٣Զﴫ治ãӻ֣мһˡ
˵䣬Ī鷳˳
æǰӵ죬ģȾƺȾƣ˵
£ڽţһðɣҲ˵֮ҾտȻ˵
Ľ΢΢һЦҡҡͷʱС˲
һû뵽һȺȻһˤľϵĵӷ˳ȥ
Ľһĸӷ׷׷ɵϣȵˮ硣
Сأһµֽýæḷ̌Ǹ
ģ㹷ۿĶأӷһţСһͷֵ
СƨϣһƣǱæһĵǸ
֪Щֺ͵Ƣʱǧܶ죬һãһܰԼˡ
ѴүЬɾһָҽš
ղȣĸӷɳΣϡ
С
Сվﲻװû
ûүĻŭȣһըף̳ƺͣ
СǸȴûǰ
һվǰֳȥ

šֺȻͣڿУŤͷһȴһץס󣬵Լ
ĽһԿ֣ûҲᣬһЩ裬ֻҪغܡ
Ϊ¯ÿ˶и˵Ե˵һʱ裬һλ
ʲô۾һɣȵ£СԼĹ
Ľü죬˲ٵĻɣ
ܣӲмŭȣӷ֣
ĽҡͷЦЦһ˦󺺶ʱ˳ȥ
顱ײϣ໬ȥڵϣá
¥һ¡
͵վԭЦģʱȻɫ䣬ֳĽΧڵС
˵һָĽλУٹЩ£ľķգ
Ľ̾·ƽܵ˹ܣֵ̫
ߣ£ֵܹȥඣǾʹͽ̼аɣ
˵գһӵ
Ľһ죬ॡһĳ֣һԲɫƥ
˳𣬷׷׺һ
ü˫ɮտȻ
տȻĽͷһֲָ޼ɵе򡣡
һӴѰ֣ղסˡ
ֻһû֣Ȼӹ֡

˶һۣ꺺üˣͼʶһ˫ɮĹ򣬵
˵գһ죬һâĽ
ϳźâлҪĽʳĭ
ĽһЦǰһƬƬ⣬͵֣ɽڣסâá
ڶŽΧʮ˷׷ת°ȻĿ֡
˫ɮտȻһһټĸ֡
Ľҡҡͷһ䣬Ѥùƽʽƽƽ
ȴԽпֻ࣬ţâС·͵û˵ƣ潥С
Ľÿһѹס磬Ǵɽѹһһݲȣ˵Ķ־ԽԽ
˳ȥϣһлԲѵĺ󺺡
ϿտգȻ
ĽʣǺЦҵüβˣè򣬻аԵǲ֪ߵغ񣡡
ĬȻ
˶꣬ȴĽѵмĽ飬ŭǳ
𵶣˰ɡĽڰ֣תˡ
˶һۣǰѵγӣһԲ뿪ˡ
ĽҡͷЦЦš
Ǻǣø˫ɮտȻӣһЦΧѪӿתͷȥ
¥ݿվˣһߣһ׳ʵ꺺ӣ
Ľü֪λ
꺺̤ǰһվЦ䶡ʤ


115 ִ
λǡĽͷ΢Цʡ
ЦɽҰԶǡ
ĽߵͷЦλˣҪ׽һȥİɣ
Щ˼Ĵ֣εĵСʦǺңȥ˵װɡ
Ľ΢Цȥۣ
ҡͷǺЦǵǣֻҪſ¾ǡ
Ľһ֣Ǿɣ
治ǻȥӲĵʡ
ɽҰЦһڰ֣ͷĵСʲôֱʰˣȥǣ
ǺǣðɣܲͲ򡣡Ӵ֣Сʦ˰ɣ㽣ãˣҪһϵġ
Ľ΢Ц롪
ðɣҡͷŤͷϣɣ
š߲ͷİڰ֡
ãáӺǺЦתĽСʹǽ
˵գһٿĵĽǰһҲĽǰ硣
Ľغˣ˫ֽһһӽˣһǰ
һһˣ˸ס
ת۹˴ͷ˶ͷ̤滬УĽȻֹסǽڣû·

ԻӽͣĽ˫һһᣬȻȱγһ֣ȫס
ƾλӽܹⱡĹ֡
Ƭ̹ѹٽ籩һ͹಻罭ӣȴͽ޹
ĽǬԽ죬Ѿʮ
һ·ϣ壬δսӣνӲ̣ԽĥЧ
ֻһɨһɽկʮˣϰ˵ΧУݺ磬ȱǬȻüá
ǬལҲ͸ˣԼҵˣȵ̸Ц
ϣ֣ӺȻе
ɽҰԶüߵСУܸС㿰Ժˣˣ
˵գһڽǰ̽ץ
ֳצӥצָţĽĽץ
Ľ䣬Ǭת磬ƾ紵ΡȻֻǻӽʩչǬ
ǬΪţʹǾ֣⽣Ҳֻƾ;

һĽУָͣĻţӥצѰ϶޷
ĽԾ죬û뵽ߵָ˼Ӳն棬ն˽һ㣬һ˿˺Ҳޡ
ָףȷʵȼӲƣһֲúȥ
ߵ书ʤӣָɣÿһָ
ĽϵһϰɣΪĽǾϲ
û뵽ϵãҲףֻǽңһ֣ƺƶ룬ϵǲɡ
ңַӣ˵ʲôȾķö࣬ߣһϾ֣ɱ

ʽҲÿνһͷţײĽ˫΢֣ת죬˲Ϣɻָ
񣬸ʤƳתۼ䣬һյ蹦Ľ֮
Ȼһ䣬ȥǬĻʧһӦһˣƽƽ޳֮
ȴüѣܣʲôסˣþŤ쳣
ָоԽԽǿңƽƽĽУռȻ˲ܰʽʩչȥƵð;С
һʮйȥϢѪӿ
ĽĽԽϬȣѹôȴ̾û뵽ҵĸҲˡ
ҿֻΪԼС㣬ˣ˹ͳɣȴû뵽Լͻͽ
תֹۣʮУȻһǣƮˡ
ϡʣʮһ񣺡ã
˶һۣͷԼһȻѪۣȴһƤû⡣
˽˾׼ȴ޷ࡣ
ɽҰԶһȭѧղʰ·磬ǣ
Ľͷ΢Ц֡
˶һۣҡҡͷתˡ

Ľ뿪ҡҡͷ̾Ϣһ˿ûеʤĻ䡣
һδ˶ˣڴ޹أһɳ֣һиġ
ֱǰĸɳԼʤǰܡ
ԼҪܵģҳ֮Ϊһң˵类ˡ
ȻһңǸȻһԼǸ֣붥ֱȣ٣ûס
ȽԼϹͷܴ󵱼ҵģӦܴ൱ľаʤģħȭԼס
ԼȣӦò࣬뵽ˣ¶΢Ц룬ԼҲһˡ
ʼãС죬һøǣ书չ죬ֵѩӡᾫࡣ
˵ӳУ书ڴʦ㡣
ԶΪ׼Լ书ҲܲˣĽ뵽ˣԵһЦԭѹҲɢ١
һĽĿѾˣη˫ɮտȻĴһδ
Թ˲ˣܿ뿪¥ֱ϶ȥ

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¬ھǣҲһĴ󻧣¬үӣպմΪֱ󷽣ǵѼ顣
ٽ¬үʮ٣¬ַǷæת¬үӵĵҲӭ
¬үӹŵӣܳ谮ҲǻˣŴʦֻƳȻӴ͡
Ŀջ¬£ǰٵıͣҪӭȻ裬Ȼ͵ջ
Ļɣȴ˵һСģӦԲףܵˡ
ңҲӢǰ¶ĻᣬѸ˼סԼ
磬ոգһվڴǰһʲô
ʦֻƳȻ̫æһҴȥˣһţԷǰ
ٽ죬ıԽԽֻ࣬ʱ䲻ԣ̫ȣ˷꣬˰˻
΢˯Ȼߴ˵ʣ¬¬үӸϣ
æۣĿһУòʮȳü͸ų죬˲ӡ
æʮ񣺡ʦǼʦۡ
Ľʮ΢Ц˽÷ӣǰ¬үӺ١
÷һ漴ϲ롪ʦ߶÷룡
Ľ΢ЦͷľϻŽ˴լ


116 Ʒ
ź̺ϲ
ǽһġ١֣ңȭͷС䣬ɫޣǼٵġ
ʦԺƬ̣ʦ
ã͡Ľ£ͷ
תȥżһĳȥĽװûתͷҡ
תͷ˼Ľңʱһһ̶ˡ
ĽϸģԶⳣˣԶŵ㣬ˮӿ
ҡͷЦһ·ۣۣǰϵˣһ·̫ƽûҵĸ֡
ҲǣϣʹṦҲһЩʱյģɽҰ붡ʤȸϻȥ˹ûһǲɡ
Լμۣس̵·ϣǡ

ʱ򣬽ŲȴһСѾ˲󷽣˵˾Ȳ裬ӯˡ
Ų죬󣬡⡱
Ǻǣ÷ôһǺЦʡ
Ľʮһ΢Ц¬үӣտȻ޷ǲҴףүӴ١
ĸߴ󣬴׳ͰŨüۣӴ۴۾ǺЦһʮ㡣
¬үִһ飬ʮ񣺡ǺǣСʦѾͷðɣ
¬үˣһǸղŵķ͸а뼸ֻ飬һţ΢Ц
ǣһɡĽͷӻͳһţ˫ֳϡ
æǰӹˣȻݸ¬үӡ
ĽСĽа⣬¬үӵǲ̫ƽıѽ
¬үӽӹܿ꣬̾˿Ѿͷ
ĽȲ費
¬үӰ֣æŷϣ¬үװţ뻳ʮһ񣬵տȻʦͷң
Ľ΢ЦүӲؿ⹫µĳ
Ǻǣҵҵġ¬үӰֲѡ
һЩ÷֮£Ľϸϸ˵ˣȻֻǱϲǣû˵׸¡
¬үһЩ𷨷⣬Ľһһ𣬼Ҫǳ¬үЦݲֹֻ飬Ƽ˸ɮҲ
֪У̸һʱյ衣
¬үӱѣʡǺЦң˵˴ʦԶ࣬СտȻʦȥԺ
ǣʦǾȣæͷӦտȻʦ
¬үӵʦһϯϷķǰ׶ˣʦȥϢϷȥ߶š
Ľ΢Цʮľϻ򿪣Цתͣһվ
¬ү⿴˿񣬷ˣȻ˿ĽվģЦ棺Ѿͷˣ
ĽЦЦŷ˴ߣһСԺ
СԺ󣬵ľԣ֣СͤɽϪˮһߣȸСȫ
ĽһۣͷޣСԺ֮ˣ֣ȷʵף
ʦ⣿ЦеʣæǸдﶬԺӣרΪ׼
ĽЦЦү̫ˡ
ЦǺǣʦ˼𣬶Գصġ
Ľ΢΢һЦ֪̫Լ̫ᣬȴ硣
ɡĽԺӣٷСֵˡ
ǣʦ£һӣǰԸָһǽһ
Ľͷ
һ԰ʦԹȥǲǲܽһСԺһվˡֵ
ĽЦŵͷ˵
ˣن뿪ˡ

ʱ֣ĽϢϣ߳СԺԱߵĻ԰
԰һԲνṹмһԲλԣٻţģмСѡ
С԰żӣԲϢǺȲ裬Ƕ飬һ
Ϧ£ϼȾ˽ƣá
Ľֲ飬УתһȦһʯ£ӭϦ΢۾ǳ
ȻһĽۣϹһ
Լû˿˵ĹԶʤԼǺ档
ĿһԵ۵ĵʿĿǣΣͿףƮƮˡ
Ľ⣬˵ʮ꣬ˣ֮УΪһ
Ľʮһ΢΢һЦû˵
סڶԺʿһ΢Цʵ
ĽͷǣǰסһԺ
ԺʿЦҡҡͷ̾˿¬Ʒζƶ治ҹͬ
ĽǺЦ¬үˬʺۡ
ٺ٣Се˵ʿЦ
ĽһۣЦ棬°ƣžžࡣ
ܿһСѾƮüĿ㣬֣տȻʦкηԸ
СŪЩˮɡ֣Ц
СͷǣտȻʦأ
ĽЦ֣ǰһ
ǡСӦˣӯӯת뿪ʧڻ
̾µյܿһЩϹʺ̣˴ѣˮҽޣҲ޲һˡ
֮С뿪ˡ
֣ʿץһˮңҧһڣ¬һеЩöǣ
ĽһϣƷ

֣ʿڴڵĳԣȫޡ
ܿһҺһӣӵ˻ȻһҧһڣСУĹܹ֣ɵİɣ
Ľһһۣ˼ת̽һֱ
Ƭ̺ҡͷɣ
ţСûԵѽ֣ʿҡͷ̾
Ľʣǰ˵
֣ʿʣɴУôõˣ
һǰĽ
֣ʿǺЦǰҲʶ
Ľªţûɡ
֣ʿҡͷ̾ϢϦȻ͸ɣϢǰȴǳģµһڣ¡
ĽЦЦɾգ
֣ʿ̾ƲԹǣµű㣬ǰʮһҴģҲݲҲɢˡ
ĽĬȻ
֣ʿ񹦣˵󣬿ϧ߽ʦ˶ѣ
ĽЦСУǷˣȴ˵Źѵõǣţ͹£
ĽЦЦпѣû뵽ǰͷ֮
֣ʿֵĻԶţŶѣ˵ɣɴ߶ɵĵϧɲڣҲʧˣϧϧ
еĽЦȴǲš
֣ʿ΢Ц˵УΨУݷһȻ޷ֵǼپû֪ඡ
ĽЦҡͷⲻûһ
СУţú˵š֣ʿǺЦ
Ľͷǣ
ǺǣСУ룡֣ʿǺһЦҡͷѡ
𣿡Ľüʡ
֣ʿڰ֣ţҲǲܣΪɻԻԺգ֮գ˿ɵоž֮ŲΣȴƫƫͲһ޷ԲҲ±͢𣬡ǰɣ˸ԲŻᱻȡ
ĽȻЩȴ˸Լ˵

ǰָ㡣Ľʮһ
֣ʿɷ˫⣬ЦСУոţûʮ깦򣬱ʲôɾ͡
Ľһ̾˿ͷ
˵Ĳ㣬һᵤ۾ϵһö㹦򣬵ʮޣ輫ʣԣȱһɡ֣ʿ
ĽͷԼһͣϽᵤȴʮ򣬻йվ
֣ʿֵڶ׳ýȫתΪ롣
Ľ⣺룬ݵ£
֣ʿһбߣţҲν
Ľǰ˵ԿΪ
ӿɽ̣ԣֲ֣ʿ΢ЦͷΪ
ĽЦЦҡͷһǲ֪βܵ롣
֣ʿǺһЦڰ֣Ҳ֪ǣ
ĽҡͷʧЦεĵǰǽأ
㣬֣ʿ̾˿ҪϵɼСһţϵ
֣ʿĲ㣬
Ľü˼
֣ʿ̾һû֪Լܴܲɣһϡ
ĽĳǰɵӾ֮㣬˿ɼ


117 
֣ʿҧһˮңЦеСУڸţԶţûָ㣬ţʵѵãǱһˣѵãѵã
˵Żҧһˮңͷѡ
ĽЦЦû˵ǫĻ
ȷʵָ㣬ţ漣ˣ֪ңĹ򣬹վȱһɡ
һҲûУ߼汸ν֮
֣ʿҺһףӽУĽļ򣺡СУúɣշ⣬ϵҲƣ
ĽЦЦһ֡
ϵ֭ˮĨĽϣɸɾ
֣ʿ޲ģЦСУҪȰһ䣡
Ľɫһ࣬æǰ뽲ϴ
֣ʿ˵ҪôҵĹҪôҵĹ򣬲ҪҶռ
Ľ⣺֮Ǹã
ԭĴ㣬ΪµһԽκһλ֣Ҫɰټ֮һҡ
֣ʿҡͷѣشش
Ľüŷûʲôͻã졣
ǸҪСˣ֣ʿ
Ľǰָ㡣
֣ʿ˿ü룬뷨ǰ֮࣬ʤ
Ľͷͬ뷨ǰһͨˣѧѧӴͣ˼֮֮Ͷأ̾硣
磬Գÿ֣ѷԼ÷繬ƣľǴϻ֮
Լ׿ǻۣǰһ޷ǲ硣

֣ʿͷ죬һϦȫɽĺɫӿ籡ɴܡ
̾Ϣž޵·ϣϷҵһ塭ٺ٣һ·ߵԽԶԽ
Ľüǲ⡣
ԵҵĹ̫˽⣬ͨƲ⣬飬ᵤı壬רעھ
ǿҲǿԼϵٲǴ󣬾Ǿ񲻹ǿ£ศɲŶԣͻ
֣ʿģҡͷⶫ벻׵ģ˭Ҳ벻ףңûһкý߻ħ
ǺһЦǲǾãԼĲһҲᲽǺ󳾣Щ߻ħģ뷨ǾĴˣϧӲˣ
ĽȻһüͷлǰѣ
ţҿСлϹ䣬˸ˣϵҲ÷Ͽ֣࣡ʿ
Ľ֪ǰηˣ
Ұף»ιʲôˣ֣ʿǺЦ
ĽЦЦǰϴ͸棿
֣ʿڰ֣հգСû۸ִţ˳ɽһҰʿˣ
Ľ룬û˵ɽ
Ľʮһ֣صлָ֣㣬Ƽ
˵ЩͷԵĸʲô֣ʿڰ֣΢Цûкþƣ
ĽҡͷЦľڣϧû
Ŷ֣ʿǰһæľζΣ
Ľͷһֻ屻Ŀ͸Цпɣľƣٺȱľƣˮζ
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ת۹ʧڻ֮С
ٿȻƮȻȥĽ̾ȷʵ˷緶

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ĽԺиⲽʱ̧ͷ죬ʱͷأĿɿն˼
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Скεºܣһϯ
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Ľǰ죬һֱԺУ˼Ժһ˼

տȻɣߣӢһæָ֣λӣЦ绨
һϮڲסΣɴ棬ˮ֮ʲ٣ǣ˼
ţɡĽȻ΢Цߡ
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Ľ΢Ц¬ү˱ָ⹫񡣡
ּӢ˵ڣȴУΧİˣէһϤˣȻС
ӢЦԭˣ¬үǻ棡
˵տȻ÷ӣ¬үӵһϯ¬үƫƫ֪տȻĲ
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Ľֲŷ飬Цүۣϲ֮գܶѪ⣬ھˡ
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ĽЦЦҡͷͨƤëˣǳ
ӢȻͷҰʮ꣬һͷȴһˣԵ
˵ѹΧ˽Զ֣Ŀһֲ©սУǺ档
λţ渲ɴ˪˭ҲģһСУ˵ǴǺ档


118 
ĽӢ˵ΧŶ
תͷһۣûųɽ֣ʿҲûǡ
ſɽĽʡ
Ӣһüͷɽںδóɽ
ĽҼһλǰ˵ɽ
Ӣͷɽ˵һ֮أĪ⣬ֻǶţȴ֪ڡ
ŶĽԽ档
ӢһɽҲһɣ˭Ҳֻ֪֪ĵʿġ
Ľͷ
ĿǵʿӢʡ
Ľϣǣһλǰ
ӢӦòˣɽĵʿײֵģ̴Ѿ˥䣬ǽ˳Ӧˣɽ֡
ĽЦЦ֣ȷʵˡ
ӢֵտȻۣȥ̻һӣ
Ľҡͷ̾лź⣬ξͰˣҵ˺ң׷ɱ
ңӢüһҺò񣡡
ĽһңʵۺҲп֮ʱۣҵطһ㡣
ӢߵǾɣ
ĽҡͷӢЦҲûӹ
ĽҡͷЦ˰գţһ²һ£ܳһɣ˵
ӢЦҵʶһһţ
ŵһӺɷ򣬱ģһأͶˣںŮأǣ
Ľ룬ͷӦ

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ӢһüһۣߵǰտȻʦ˵أи󵽰ɣ
Ǻǣúã˵˵æ
Ľʮ΢ЦտȻУڽ÷˴ǰүӺ١
°Цôһţأػܶʧɣô˻ᣬҲ뿴Щ˵ǳ
ԭˡ߻Ȼ򣬺ǺЦתͷȥ¶һ˿ӡ
ˣ¶ɫеӣе֣е鲻䡣
ĽһһУ̾ʢ֮ʿԼݣ˺ӣӡ
ӢȻһ֣Цһλ֮㣬׿ν˫ɮտȻ㣿
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Сʦԭ˫ɮտȻһ߸׵ͷ¶̾
ӷɫ˫տտ˲ɵȻ𾴣
Ӣλϴ˴

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̾Сʦٶ˵ãɻկկպãϷһֱȴ
Ľ΢ЦҶѡ
һǽңʮңɾͲǽǺǴЦüɫ裬̾ǵİǶСʦǸм
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ۼΪʵΪ飬̫֮Զﴫ˫ɮտȻʱĽȳϵһ˿磬Ʋ书
ȴ˵Ƿĺ֮㣬ʵ޷š
Ǽ˵ΧҲڵ˵ʱƳһߣǺ棬졣
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¬үӣͱ¿ʮ٣ܲǲǣǺǡһ꺺е
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ţȻһϺȴըװ𣬴죬Ƿ׷תͷȥ
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һߣĿ࣬һЩòϣμ˸
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¬үЦŵͷԭǺҵѣ
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¬үһüЦеģЦϷϵģϷѣܲʣ
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¬үЦеĵ⵹ˣĪǺʲôɸ֮£Ҫؿƿ
󵨣߶Ϻȣմһ

òļһһЦ
ĽȻȴԼϯվһߣǰԼ֮ˡ
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ĽտȻҰɣ
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Ľͷ֣æܵǰ˫


119 ˫ս
Ľӹ˫γʷŵϡ
˫ɮտȻΧǷ׷׻Ȼʱ˷֣ܺ档
Բ׳ʵüǲŵĵ㡪Сͷ
Ľƽ˳΢΢һЦɽҰǰжǰȷʵ棬д˼С
ԲߺǺһЦСӣֲüǸ֣
١ϣαظϻ
Բ߸ףС۾Źâҡͷֵ̾ܣῡܣϷܾûˣֿϧġ
üߵῡܶǣÿ궼ӿȴһߣСе˲õˣѾעαضѿࣿ
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ĽһЦλ˼ңգα؆᣿
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СˣԶΪ֪ʱһ仰͵ЦеĲɫº󶨻ᱨʤ
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ԭţ߱ȭü޹أźαһˮ
ӢһЦɴˣտȻо֮˵޹أң޹أǬգСŮҲǺ۸ˣ
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Ľһⳤνһ˲ţԵŮӡ
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ɣ
˷׷תͷ
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Ľȴ̩ɽƾ˹糱ֻǻӽγϹ⣬ӳɭɭ

Ӣ΢ȻղĿ࿴Ȼ٣û칦տȻ书ˣ֮캧š
ţտȻʦǽ÷ģǰ̾
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ǺǣûʲôֻǺˡӡ
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סǺȻæŤͷȥȴĽһ䣬ɲñΪƽ
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ǲɵģ˽ܵеס˳ˮ㽣⡣
Ǿ治ѣĽƽ򵥵Ȳ꣬ҲѸݣֻǴƽ͡
١ƽȴʧˮ׼ʽһ˰;æֱ仯񲻻ýһ㡣
˱֣ǰȻͬǻ˸ˡ
Ź֣ǹŹ֣üĽĽ
ȷʵ١ƽ֮ǳĽ
ΨھУལ
һֱӷס˺У˿ûʹУ֪ǵΣУԼȥ
пԼ֪ǱŤǳʮйѪӿԽƣ޲쳤Хһ
䱩ӣҲ̲סŭһ磬ֱĽؿڡ
ĽȻһУԼײϽ⡣
һҧӽ⣬ֻ˴̳ȥ
ߡƺһ类̴ȴ¶ЦݣĽҲĽ硣


120 뿪
ŽźˣӽѿʱѪŽֳ齣ͷ£סѨ
̧ͷٿЦһ½ס
ȴĽһɫɮһСӣȴѪ
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Ľ߹Ⱥ˴תۼʧҰС

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ܿ죬ӢƮƮǰЦŰһۣʲôѽû׷ţ
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СûġĽЦ
ȷʵ˼ϸ壬뵽ӣȴԼһصɡ


121 
Ŵ齣мխһ縵طֻһˣܴ
ڼȲƣҲ谵ֻͣЩȰˡ
вûк͸Ǻëֽúܶࡣ
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Ľͷǣ֮Ҳܻת
Ӣ΢Ц֪ͺãңķһʱȻᲢãͬʱķȴǴụͻˮݣܵͺãķרһķȣ
ĽЦЦԭˡ
Ӣģ֪ûϣֻ̾Թ˿Żһɣ
ĽЦ˶ԣȻרһԼԣһĶãͬʱķһͿϧˡ
ңͻƣе֣֮߹صľŷ仯
ףˣΪԪ֮볣˲ͬģ

һʱܿȥĽɫһ䣬Ѫɫһȥһֽɷɷףǳˡ
ԭСϵһСԭһСһһСı
ڵ֮УһûǰʵѤ뻪·û
յģһۣѨ뾭Ǳͣľǧ֮ࡣ
Ӣһֱעɫɫ仯æտȻôǲƸ
ĽҧǿһЦ
ӢæҪҪ
˵ŻĽָϣĬ죬ɫԽԽܵˮ
ĽЦЦ
ͺȥӢֿĽҲĽƲ֮Σ
ƳһĽü𣬾ˣ˾ҵط£ʦʦķգԼҲñŤ
һ룬־Լô̫ģ̫飬ʦ֪ˣҪ߶ǰԼͷ۰󲻿ɡ
Ƭ̣ӢۣüùŹֵˣ
оĽѸˣʮһˣƿ;ϱҪ̤Ȫظˡ
ɫࣺտȻתҰˣ
Ľҡͷ΢ЦţˣҪָûʲôõġ
˵תӢüͷ߳
ĽЦЦѵת絶°̾ʹ࣬˸ˣٲˡ
ղʱܹ࣬һܹˣȻû
ӢĽ棬˫ưģ΢˫ۣʼ˹ˡ
Ƭ̺ۣջ˫ơ
ͺ棬ѹʣʦ
Ӣᣬüƺпѽ֮¡
ͲʣȥĽĽɫ԰ף֪Уһ˿ӡ
ͷһ֮ף

Ľת΢Цţذ׷ˡ
ʲôˣӢüŭ徹˶Ƥң
ĽЦЦţҪģһطɣҪչأ붨ˡ
зӣӢüʡ
ĽͷЦҴСڲɱȴЧ˵ģ
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תͷͶȥһεط
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ӢĵʣտȻ治Ҫ𣿡
ĽۣЦİգţ߰죬£ȶģҪ˶֣ȴҪһˡ
Ӣģûܴ
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Ӣæˣ˵ɡ
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ѹúܵͣ±һ㡣
ӢƮ˳ᣬܿͣ£տȻɲɣ
Ľۣ齣Χ
һƬǰһԫϱڣưܲѲڣϱȣסǵ
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Ľͷܺãɡ
ãͶʰһ£ӢԸ
ǡӦ͵͵һĽ
Ľװû΢ЦҪչ붨֪ʱһˡ
ţȻˡӢ
һֱܣջĿ⣬Ľʲô
Ľҡͷ붨ʱسԷ
ӢȻü⣬ȻŸˣΪףܱٹȣ

ܿ죬Ůʰһ飬Ӣýһһ齣붨
ʰŮѩ׵Ѿɫɵģɼң֮ʣͶݺݵĽ
ĽװӢ齺ᵽ棬Ľ棬˫ֽӡܿ붨
Ȼʹ絶УԺܿվУͶС
黯Ϊüۣ˫ֽӡʱһ»ת۽Բ
ʱȪУʹһ»࣬ü
Ӣվ⣬Ͷ㵽ߣ㵽ߣվסˣĪ˿
ƲʦôСİɣˣ
ӢԲ߳ѾͷǲҪ
͵ͷͷ
ӢߵţĪҪ˾տȻǸȥɽڣʮ
һæǣʦ
ӢûĵСѾͷ֪ߵغ񣡡տȻ˴ƽϣ㵹ˣ
͵ͷҿ
ʦտȻ
ӢûҪģ¾ˣط٣صģ
ûġ˼򸡣
ӢЦĿҡҡͷ
죬Ľ˳վȴȻ죬龹˱仯


122 ͻ
һֱů֮УȪ泩ԣ֪ʱ֮ţΧ֮仯ȫرգרעϡ
էȻо죬һ˲䣬Զ
һ˳վü֮һٿһΪţϷߴת
Ľһ֡
ʧ֮ʣһףһţ
ʧʳվУ鷵ԭ壬ʱ
ۣоԽУлҳ£ܸоõҲܸое΢磬
ſڷ򣬺΢ޣҲкϸࡣ
֪Ӣʦͽˡ
ۣ۹йڶʱһһ£ֳɭɭ֮״ظ޵
ɫɮ޷ԶĵƬ̣ȥϢġ
Ľ¶һĨ΢ЦǺҹȴĿտ泩ԣá

ţ
ףտȻˣǰӰһΣӢس֣ѩȰƮЮŵ㡣
۲ˮתȻտȻ书
Ľҡͷ΢Цհȶ
ӢǺͷĵĵͺãǡ
о죬վĽǰվһΡΡɽ֮ɭɭѹк֮С
࣬书ˡ
ĽЦǵڼˣ
ˡӢعЦȻԲ죬˭Ҳסģ
æҪЩ࣬ԣû뵽һȾ͵죡
ĽЦðȷʵˡ

Ů֧ܿѣճڣһӣڵİ࣬һЩҰ˱ǡ
ƻ磬Ľûӹ࣬΢ЦͷЦ㣡
ӢЦռã㳢ܶȣֻһһ棬ٳЩ
Ŀӣ΢ףɴĽȴܿ糺죬޶ˡ
Ҳоţ˷ܣۣĪ
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תӢоһ˿̾һ˿˿⡣
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ŵ֮ͨԨǻᣬһ뾳磬Ȼϡ
һϣδãȴؼ֮ӡν֮֮Žʥ֮һǧΨӡģඥС
׳ͨһˣ׹аóܳԽͨնջļ̣һ㡣
ԣȫ޺һΣȲΣգෲη壬Ǵ´ߣ޷ѣ˰
ϧԴʦԲ̫磬ûüඥУĽ޳ͨʱͨ򣬽䵱ħնȥΪ;硣
Լգв壬֮ǣȻǲβҲΣա
ĽԼǣ֮𷨾ѩӡмӣƳ籸
ɫ磬Ѷͨȴ׿ϲ¡
һߺ࣬һ˼ӿһ߸ŮָоΪһ
Լһˣ
Ůѩϵ㣬ĽȻ𣬼Ӳţϥϸѡ
ûңǿ֮ãһӣΣӹ̶Ȼܿס
һʱֻ绢עʱֻԼƶ˸
ʱţ⸩֮иǿռ޲ðŮൽ

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Ľһæס¿룬΢ЦλˣϢһ£ҹɡ
˵֮ʣ˫ֽ᲻ӡ
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ҹҲЪϢÿֻ˯һʱʱ̽ţȷʵģΪļһ
ĽʮһЦǺǣлܹˣ
æҡͷɿ쿴һֵۣͷˮһƲ졣
ĽһӦ֪ǰԼ̾˿
˻ѵúͿʲô֪ҲʵȤЩ
Ըǻ𣬱ʤ֣˺޲ѹһ񫣬Ҳá
֪ԼȻɨˡ
˺ܿ꣬Ľ⣬ӢϴϢ
Ҳһ齣ľƴɣԲľͷúܼס
ĽӢ档
ӢһۣЦɫԲãʲôʱȬ
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ֱ󷨺Σգܶá
ֱԲûʵµһ֮Σ뿪磬ǿϧ
֮һС򣬽͵һңȻͽУһƬɽȥ
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ܿ죬һ£תۼ䵽ǸǰͣסȴһԲεĴ˺ϱ֡
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Ľü˺ļӡ
Ӣ֣ЦտȻȥɣ
Ľͷ
ӢһԾ˿УĽҲŽȥվߣͬʱԾ
վľϣץԱߵ˿ΧһԲԲб
վǡԣţǡվ棬΢ףӶˡ
գֱĽƺҪѹס
ĽӢЦⷨӵأһʧ
ӢЦⷨ䱿һʤ׵룬˭Ҳ
Ľͷֲǲºţɽ֮ǺңҲ޿κΡ
Բϵü죬ǰƮת۹ʮɸߡ
ԽԽССϪ˿ֱɲݵ飬ǰһƬƬƣҲձ졣
ԲȻͣסͣһľͷǰնΧɽۣ֮ۿɼһƬᡣ
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Ľҡͷ̾ȷʵ䱸ɭϣǵˣ˰գϲ죬²ŵأԲһţˤȥ
ŮվţӢ׷ױȭʦ
ӢƮƮأڰ֣ǽĽ
ǽ԰ƮƮȴûɰɴ֮ˣȴû͵ò
ǼĽǾȣûֹ˵ġ


123 
ĽƳһۣΧûˣҲ֡
Ӣڰ֣Ůһһȥȣת۹ߵһɶֻĽˡ
ӢϣֻŮӡ
ĽЦô˵ɲֹһɽ壿
ӢȻһЦߣֻһɽ
һָ棬ȴ᷽򣬵Ǳɽ࣬Ҳסǵˡ
˵ţǰЦơ
ĽȾһƬ֣Ůӣееڿеϴѣæġ
ܿ촩֣಻֮УȴǰеĲֹ滮ϱֵȺΪĿ
ڴϣҲаС̯ģֶ֣죬ֻû˰ˡ
ĽǾ죬Цţû뵽ұΪɽϣǲմ˼̻Ϣء
ӢЦǵ⡣
ƲƲ죬Сߵټ֣
ĽװûӢȴˣתͷһۣѾͷһȥﶪۣ
ĽһۣغһŤߣæʦ㡭
ͣסתͷʦãߣ
ΪѵĿֿӢ
Ӣߵ߰ɣСѾͷϲ̨棡
͵һĽһ죬æ뿪ˡ

Ǳҳ軵ˣտȻĪ֡ӢҡҡͷĽǸȻ˵
Ľ΢΢һЦʦͽֻĽѣ
ӢҡͷЩСѾͷҴСģΪʦͽĸŮ죬ǳ¿࣬Ҳ᲻ô߻ˣӣ
Ľ΢ЦԣЩСƢ˭Ҳᵱġ
һ˵һŴߣһֱߵͷȴǴߵ˶ߣǰ޾Ԩɽ
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ӢЦŮ
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Ӣһ֣ס
˵ţĽһСԺǰ

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СԺ棬·һ¥ʱ˽û֦չ޶ˡ
ĽӢСԺʱԺųţ̤ȥ
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ӢָָΧЦôס⣿
ĽЦЦ㣬žͿžҰɣ֮ã
ӢЦ˵ãôðɣϲٻԱߵԺӺ
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ЦеģƣȻóһۣʦӢ
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ⲻʰɡĽɡ
Ӣһ֣ϵĵʲôõģô
Цס㶫ߣҲ㡣
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ӣһֱСԺһǺ棬Ҳм־塣
û뵽ᣬ֮ܴһСԺ㲻ôãһƣ
⣬Լ첻ţҪƻˣҪȥ͸һ͸һֲɡ
ģֶܼá
ĽһֱСԺСԺϢʱŵģʱǬʱལʱ
ʱԪ콵֮¶ϵϣϵЧһЩ
ʱ˾ķ̫עϵ֮УϵҲǴһΪЧ
ʱķԪϵֻܲ䣬ǿ
ҲĽһãһֱתԪһϸ۲Σ
һϵȻչȴڲͣĽţһأϵһ
о񣬻ˣо΢ȴۿɼĳɳԡ
ԣһֱСԺһ˿Уʱš
ԴСԺӢûӰӣˡ
Ľȴ⣬֪ǹ⣬תʲô˼ԲӦ䣬ֻһĿ书
˽ҲԾķԦķɵ¾ڼϡ
һȻͬ

һ죬ĽԺˣߴߴͣǽ
Ľ˼⣬ɵ书ΪŮˣòúˡ
ǰûгŮòʵƽҲΪˣᡣ
ЩŮСԲ÷ǣǲһЩûġ
Χ˶·Ҳⲻͬסú
ȻŲҴңǶܣɽ֣֮
ԱԺ𣺡տȻ
ô£Ľʡ
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Ľü
ܣ棬Ҳ²ȥ
ĽƬ̣ɣ˵˵
õġӦ
һһСԺСͤĽǰ


124 
Ů࣬һ˿ЦҲޡ
Ľºܹͣʲôɣ
ͣͰһۣû˵
ŵĴڼ࣬ǧˣҲܶࡣ
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ĽüףǲݵĴˡ
ʲôʱ¶Ľʡ
ͳɳƸʮˡ
ĽĬȻȻӢΪβӰԭһԼȴ²
Ľһ˾Ȼ𣿡
ûûСҡҡͷ۲˸ƺҪᡣ
ĽСͤⲽһһһһ߳˼еĹؽڡ
£֮۸Ůˣ̫˵һҪɱһ
үݹأ֪ɱǣɱ֮Ժԥɱ֡
ٰԼɱ֣ҪҽҹҪϡ

ȥţ
ĽüԸˣȴ̱ʵøһʶ
תӦ𣿡
һ£ӦòҪɣʦûдԮ
ʦڣĽʡ
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Ľϵĸأ
ûиֵġҡͷ
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Ľһۣߵôܹǲඣ
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æտȻʦҲǷˡ
Ľһ֣ͷţض˵ףȥɣһ֮
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Ľüõʲôʱˣգ±Ͽһʦ
ðɡͿԸĴӦ
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Ľڰ֣Ѿˣߣ
˵գʯתݣһߣһϵһƤƤϲС
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Ľ΢Цͷվɽأǰƶ䣬ɽһƬƬ־һݵء
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ĽľܣĿΡ
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Ȼ֮ãտȻмȣѰ˲ͬԼҲƽϣΪѵá
ĽѸ䣬ת۹򣬾ʮʱٶȻ仺ԽԽվԲУ޹һϹ⡣
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̵󣬼鷢ת۹򣬴ʮɣʱѾʮ֧
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ţҪɣվԲڣе
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Ľ޹ͣ죬һһϹ⻮Ұһһ˷ЩΧӢĸǡ
ԸЩ֣һãķԦп죬ССļӴƥȻ־ּ
ת۹Щ־һ⣬ȫ˳ȥܣȴ첻Ľļ
ʩչСٶȸ죬ָôǸܲ
ĽƮ䵽Ӣǰһ˿ڣҪС˰ˣȥɣ
ӢһΧˣü
ĽЦЦһأ´Σ飬Σ
ӢһǳˣȱΪ
ĽЦЦȻλգɵ鷳¶ϹݻᣬʱĪ¼飡
˵գֵţ롪
ӢһԾԲУλʦã߰ɣ
ĸͷߣһ˫˫ȴͣĽϣΪ󵨣ȥ̽顣
ӢһХʱԲʱĽȻһ޹Ϲһš
һƺߣһؿڵȥСѾ͸ըһѪ
ӢȻ
Ľջ޹΢Ц׶Ҫġ


125 
ӢЦʣģ
ĽЦЦԹ죬һ֪
ӢŮͷҡҡͷʲôԹ
Ľͨ˭ɱŨһۿȻź󻼣ǰնò
ɱæ֮λϾ𣬿ңҲǺǵģû֮ʹαطҪӲƴ
һãֶΪ
ӢЦ㣬տȻԽտˣ
ţտȻһЦ۲ˮĽȻ
Բ飬˫λԲƫƫ֫ϸӯӯһգǿҵĳ˼޷嶯
ӢЦʦãտȻ˫ɮ䴫£
ȻǸжЦ
ĽȻ̧ͷȴһŮƮƮ£Űƣ첻Ʈ䣬ת䵽Ͽɸߡ
СʦãӢе
Ůٶȶ죬ٿһ³Ľǰ㡣
ϵɴƮݾһ֣ٱմ˼̻𣬱ȹƸʤһ
ĽȻĶĪռ

ŮƳһĽüһ£ʦ㣬ôң
۲ˮγ޲ûи顣
ӢЦСʦ㲻ڱչô
šŮף˵˿Χ
Բͣ治ͣСݵأСϪϸ
Ľ֣СʦãɿӢ˵ģЩǰԼĿбӣһ
Ľ˵ԸӦŮȴƽˮûһ˿졣
̲סһۣľǳǸϲŭɫ
ܿ죬Բ˷嶥ţǰȻϲ̽ʡ
Ӣڰ֣ûʲôˣȥæģϹ󹦷书ɽ
ڵȥˡ
ӢЦλʦãȥһôԸСʦãҲɡ
Ůͷȥ
۲һƳĽʦ㣬㻹ûģ
ӢŲһ£ɿ쿴һĽ̾СʦãԿɣòã
ǰŻŮ
ŮüĬȻ
Ľ棬֪˵ΪΣȻǹϵԼҪʲô
üȻԼɣĿĲ

ͣõţ͸ŨŮϢһ֪Ůֱʡ
ӢЦտȻлҪ﷭ˣ
ĽЦЦ˵Щ̫ˡ
ӢһЦͷǵҲǣտȻҲԼ
Ľüͷһ£û˵
ĸЩڣ׷ǣĽǺе»Ů
Ů˫ֶһյ裬רעĿԱϵĻ£ˮ͸䵭
Ӣӻ֣뿪Ůû
ĽĿ뿪ţ˵ģô£
ΧĿһˣӢֻһͣأʯͷѹ£
аתͷŮ
ŮתͷȵĿһĽ²յ
ĽüӢţ
˵ӢЦһСʦãµ񣬻ǸտȻ˵һ˵ɣ
㡣Ů
ֶյרעŶ硣
ĽֻӢɫƽ޲
ӢЩ˼̾˿£ɵտȻҪ˵ȥ
ãؿƿĽͷ
ӢһķνﳯԪ𾭣˵ط޳ɣ
ĽЦЦҡҡͷ
ӢбһۣտȻĪǲţ
ĽǺЦ˺£
ӢɫտȻΪܣ
ĽЦŵͷϲѭĪ⣬ʹǽʯҲʴ
Ӣߵȴˣгģ
û˼ŰɣĽЦ
Ӣ֣˵мأһλʦ棬Ͻ硣
ĽŶһȤ
оõӢû˵ѣɵо£ȷʵ˼
ˣкԵʣĽЦʡ
ӢһۻŮЦﳯԪ𾭣Ҫ˺һһŮһһϣɴ
ĽȻ򣬿ЦѲɣҪһ
Ӣͷǰ˵ġ
ǺǡĽҡͷʧЦһۻŮ

ڰŮŲյۿ磬ӢĽĽŻŮ
֮ĽоŮĺƽ޲Ǿ죬תͷӢºεºܣ
ӢһæտȻǧѡˣ
ĽЩֲһֱļСĽ䱸ȷʵ˼
ȴɫҡͷЦǺǣܱѡУʵҡ
ӢȻЦտȻĪңҲǱΣ
ĽЦЦյһڡ
Ӣ̾˿֪ĽˣտȻ㶨ѼһﳯԪ𾭣ؼһǶ࣬֮ΣԼ۶Է
أĽҡͷʡ
⻰٣ۼ䲻˵һƣԽԽϺС
ӢԼѣв˲ã
ҰˡĽЦЦ
ɲǽңķʧƫƫˣ
ŵ˵ķɵﳯԪҲǵһܲҲкܴﳯԪ𾭣
еĽտȻܲﳯԪ𾭣ɳ񲻿գ
ĽͨӦ֪ûģǿ

ĽüƬ̺󣬻ҡҡͷ̾ҪƬˣǷˣķġ
뵽ɽ֣ĻУޡ
ô᣿ӢȻæʲô󻼣
漴ֵﳯԪ𾭣ǳģҾԣ
ĽЦЦţɣ
Ӣҡҡͷʧ̾˿
ĽһưˮֱӰѣеȥ
Ľģ׷ʵأǻұԹɣ
Ӣ̾Ϣһÿһӣʳɫģ˽ǰ벿ϧûɣ޷벿
ŶĽЦЦ
ӢʮУÿһеɽ𾭣಻٣ֻһˣһСʦˡ
ӢЦ̾˿ɰѰӢܣʮ£ǻ۹ˣϧûҵһ


126 
˵İθߣ첻ˣû뵽տȻ㣬ʦۣ
ĽЦ˿Ů˿Ӣ
ԳԼӦǻ᲻ᷭԼǿ嶥ɽ
ߣΪﳯԪй¶Ҫɱڡ
ͨϸӦһɱ⣬ԼҲֻΪǿǿȥǡ
Ʋѣʵôɣͣסź磬Ӣڣֲ˵
̾˿ǸȻţɴҿұ˰ɣѾľˡ
Ӣ룬Ƭ̺󣬵ʵڲɣͰԭȥɺã
ĽæҡͷЦԼƴޣزѾǸˣһ·ȥʹѣҲġ

Ӣüæ˵ﳯԪ𾭣书ֵһᣡ
ĽЦҡͷ
ģɵġӢʮ㡣
ĽҡͷţҲȱǿɣҲɵġ
ӢæտȻɱԷƱ㶨֮ƽһˣ
ˣĽЦЦ
ԵˣͶŲȴӶͶƣԲղŭӢ
Ľһüë̾ţȻһ֣źõģڿԼ
Ȼʣô
ȻģӢһæͷ
ĽӦһ£֪û˵ٻһʱֱûΣգԸ
˿ҲԼԵģķԣɿ˴Ǯ
ĽƬ̧̣ͷţһӰɡ
ãҪãӢæʡ
ĽЦЦһ˵ɣ÷ؽˡ
ӢæտȻ
Ľʮˡ
Ӣǲٵʮ꣬
ĽЦҡͷϸһΣ
ѽ㣬ôõ£ҪʲôӢöţ޲Ľһ㡣
ʦ㣬ŮȻ˵
Ӣһ㶣æСʦã
ŮһƳĽ۲䣬ҡͷʣɵģˡ
ӢСʦãտȻҪɣտȻԽԱɵģ
Ůɫɣҡҡͷǿġ
ţӢΪȻĽտȻʲôҪ󣬵˵޷
ĽҡҡͷֱﳯԪõģ̫Σˡ
νͣȴͷܲ˵ֱɣҲš

뵽ˣҡҡͷʮһ񣬵ţ˵ɣȸˣ
˵գתߡ
տȻտȻӢæĽŲͣת۳˴ȥԼԺ
ԺСͤŮ
ǽŮ£һĽտȻлԮ֡
ĽЦŰڰ֣ûʲô֮͡
ֵܹ⼸չң࣬ΪΨм龭λ
㶣㡭Ҫô
ĽǰѺãвʹһֱǸﵣġ
ĬȻƬ̣ͷǰ
ͲĺߵտȻô
ܹ˼ǡĽȥ
ͲĺߵװɵĲȢʦã
ĽЩΣӣǺЦһºˣæ̧ͷʦ㣡
͵Ľߣһֲǲ֪ʦõ˼
ĽǱһͷĿһæתͷ߲֡
տȻ㵽ȢȢʦãͽᡣ
ʦ㣡ţ˳ȥ
ĽҡͷЦŮӣʵû취
ͺݺݵĽߵ˵ʲôвܳף˭֪
ĽҡҡͷٶԣתҪݡ
վס˵ˣߣӰһվǰס·ݺݵ
ȻģԲʧɰŮϲٺʲ

Ľҡͷ̾޲ߣòø򲻵ããվסִܣװ
Ҳ˵ƺҪѹƣƴġ
ӢƮȻģüͷһ壺Ͷô£
ʦʦƶ١
Ӣ߳ں֣
æʦҪߣ˵ҪȢ˶ʦã
ס죡Ӣ߳ӻ֣ȥ
ʦŤ
Ӣһɣٷϻȥڣ
áðɣæֶݺݵĽ߾տȻ
ٹ£ȥӢӻ֡
˳ȥ֮ʣ̲ĵĽһݺĽһۡ
ӢҡҡͷҲûʲôӣ᲻÷ֻ䣬ȴá
̾˿ĽտȻҪˣ
ĽЦЦ޲ɢ֮ϯţлһӵշҰˡ
Щ˵գӢ֣̾һ룬ƾʣϣﳯԪ𾭵ģ
Ľҡͷţǲ˵˰ɡ
ӢϧҡͷԹѽǡ
ĽЦЦܣпĵ˴ãȴܾϧ
ðɣҾͲӢ̾˿
Ͷ
Ů֣ܿʦ
ͺĽһۣ࣬ҿ
Ӣɺİڰ֣տȻʰһ£Ҫˡ
ŮӦһתݣ֮ʣɿ쿴һۣɫ
˶ܿʰһװһЩԵĶɮۡ
߹ݸĽӹˣһתȭţǺڣ
ӢͷʱտȻͨˣǧ꣡
áĽͷ
һԾԲѸ½ɽ壬档

ݵ̴Ѫҡ
Ľղ飬Լˣûɱ֣ɱİȴ鷳Ϊ⡣
ܲɱˣɱˣ򣬲ɱ˹Ȼ鷳ɱ鷳ɱ벻ɱò
۳ʮ֮⣬һ
ǻŮĪ⣬䣬²ӫģȴǿҵΣ֮Уվϻǰ
ɱԼԼʹ󷨣ҲӲ
д˸򣬹ֲ񣬲ҡ
ʱϦ£ҰĺɫһƬϢ֣ߴߴиͣ
ܣϢһ
ȻһЦ
ĽüתͷȥľӰ
٣һЦĽת󿴣ûӰ
Ц𣬷ֱ˷ĽһһתȥȴӰһԾңܡ
ȥûӰΪһ壬ƾ񣬾ֲˣĽȻ
϶һ˵Ц죬Ƕ磿
Ľݺηʥһ
տȻĽֻӰһһ˳ڶϣʵ
ĽͷտȻ
ˣӣɫ࣬ûһ˿飬էȥߣ
һ˫Ӽ񣬹֮ɭɭǡ
˫ɮտȻʡ
Ľͷҵˣ
ף׾ͺã־͸ߣҰȥ
ĽЦЦҡͷǺҶƢ
˵ɣ
ӰһĽֻǰһæνʣʩչǬһϹǰ֡
飡ײȭͷ⣬ؿڡ
һӿ壬ȻĪ֮˳ȥ
ǰһзٵˣڿУɢˣȫס
ڿУԿЦƴ߶ϵתһתָ
һָ˫Ӷһɫ֣Χܲ͸磬һȭļ¡
ӰһǰһһײȭͷִĻǰײš
顱һ죬аܸ
ؿھۣĽַ˳ȥ
꣡ײһȴֱֵ۶ϡ
꣡ȥδײһ
꣡ײϡ
飡һ죬ײϵĿȴû۶ϣźϱֵ䣬¡
ӿѪЦһѾˡ


127 
վǰţͣ书Ѿϧ˺ң
ĽĨһǵѪֱˣ̧ͷ
˽żһ˲ĽѨ
Ľһ½סֻ۾ܶ廯Ϊ񣬶á
ü˫˸˼
Ƭ̺鴽ХһԶһ˻ХӦһ
һƥ쿥֣ͣǰ
ǰĸͷףҲһ谮ĺӡ
ƥ쿥ûһëӣ˫񣬰峺ʮ㡣
ͷͣ˵֣ȷǳ
Ƭ̺˷ſ֣Сһߣ
˻һ˼ǰ㣬ǴߴٷϻϽ
ĽڲݵϣһĿţ̾ƥ񿥵úܣʮ㣬ȻҲǸġ
ϲ֮ˣ˲ôѺãɱĽ̾һҡͷΡ

Ľ˰ͳĶֱϵ޹ϵƤһʣѵøɸɾ
Ľ̾һ֣ḻСĽƫƫ˸书ԵϣֻԹѡ
ڣԼûʲôҪֻһ޹ǱһЩҩˣ㲻
ٳ뿪ʱԤһս޷Ҫˣöرţһʧ
ѹ֮˺һ
˵ţĽһףӵϣ泯ºţؿѹǡѹθ˸ˣֱŻ³
Ľнղ񹦣ʱǿͣ䱻ѹθ޲ʡ
˴һĽԾݡߺһ˫һʱ˳ȥ֮
Ľͷ£濿úܽŵٵˣЩΣæתͷԶ
˼СģһֻһִģһǷȥߣʱһȥ̽Ρ
£Ľ϶꣬һѨϻᱻƾĽ֣ӵ
ĽĵĵȻᣬܲһ쵽ʮʱԼҲҪա
һ·ֱߣ

ת۹ȥ
죬Ľ಻ԣֻһˮһͼꤡ
ܱٹȣ붨ʱ綬ߣҪʳԼ켸ҹԲȡ
סѨϵʹҲ޷붨öǶȳ˻
ζܾûˣСʱԲܲס֮࣬뾡취󱻱Ƴ£ܳԱ
Դξ£ûζٴس¸пǧ
ִ֮գԼɥ֮ʱ֮Ի׽ԼΪֱˡ
ݾ书Լ书ףǰͯڴ˸ǰһ㡣
书ǿ¸˿ɳ֮ߣ졣
Ľܿ侲ȴᣬ޾֮·ҵ취ġ
һˮûзԣ֮£ܿģɫҰܣ˫ֱģǻһˡ
ѨһֱţĽףԼ̡
ѨþˣѪͨ˺ŲͨѪ̫þͻỵ
סѨ䲻ǷסѪȴסͨ
˻벻Ѩ̫ãȻǲĽ
Ľ޵ȴ޿κΣڽղѨδ𣬾Ҳ
伢ͣȴģֻǹװ˥֮ˣߵĻᡣ
ϧʮֽһֱֲ壬ʱһ̽Ρ
Ľͷ۷ǳ

ʱ֣ĺɫΧһɴʲ塣
ͣ˳һףĽأһֻƮһܡ
һλһСɽϣܵƽֻ̹СɽŮ˵ز
˵ͷſ쿥ԶߣһƬݴԣеĿ̲ݡ
˽Ҹط£򿪰ȡˮңཹེһһˮǻ£ŲæĨһѡ
ĽţźˮҲɹ
ֻϺһˮһˮδմҲʵҪƫƫԼѨ˵˻
ѨԲѣֻҪϵһѨϴ򿪣һֱҡ
һֱűģ춯ϻԼңߵĻֻһΣѨӲĻ޻ᡣ
ߵǰһŰ߹泯죬Ȼˮңˮ
Ľſ죬ͣʣǰʪ
һߺˮãִһλ˵ĻҪ
࣬־ᶨΪţɫ
ţӵҪúˣʮ֮ˣҪúüʡ
ЦһĽһСУӲĹͷ޷ģ
Ľǳ˳˵ֻ΢Ц
ҡҡͷӲҲãҲã˵ͷվҪġ
Ľɫ䣬΢Ц
ЦЦããǺõúܣӲͷϲ˵һʱѪ㡣
ĽɫԲ䣬ͨһֱ߶Ӧ˵
ĽˣɫͷãǾͺú棬ĹͷӲҵֶκݣ
Ȼ˹ͨȴްһֱͨӦͨá
һ·ϣջ񣬶ͨԽ죬ܸоԷ飬ܿͷ䲻ܺȴдţһֱ
磬ҪʱһֻţºҪʲôһ֪ȾԤ⾫׼

һҹɫѾӿɫ䰵
˴ĽһۣЦһתȥľѣ֮á
Ľһȴȥû
һ̣о˵˼֪һ壬һ̽ɰϺꡣ
Ľڵϣ۾װϸͨ
һ˻һľͷѣһһ嵽ڸȼˣʱƻͨ
˰Ľһ߽泯ţǰ⿪ó±⣬ڱڶʱ磬ƮĽС
Ľ̾ղһߵĹ˲̽ԼַѨνС֮
ƳһĽۣҲƣרĳԷ
ڳԷ棬Ҫ۾רעĳԣϸʣȻҰ⣬ȴں¥š
飡һ죬ĽΪΣһ³š
һ漴ҡͷЦ


128 ͵ѧ
ûŶǵƬ̣Цһʧ
ϵתһ˦˫ȾƲķѭٶ硣
Ľ˸ⱼת۹ɳʮɣΪһСڵڽҹɫ
ԼṦٶȿһضȻ֮Ч
ٺ٣ǺֶΣЦǰسˣֶϾЦ
顱һ죬ӰĽת򶫱ߡ
ֻЦܳʮɣһĽǰ棬죬Ӱӡ
ĽķƲͬ˿Խռ֮УƲӵţȴϢ
ĽٴԾɳȴƫһЩܹ
è׽󣬶ݣ죬ܹʮɣһ׷ϣȻҪեĽÿһ˿
˼⣬ûԷûʹҲֲϷģָֿŶҲû

֣ͣصǰ飬Ľֻܲͣ򣬡顱顱죬Ӱ·Ϊʮˡ
ʱĽɫӨ뵣˫纮ǣâʵʣ䲻Ӣȴˡ
ЦСӣȻװ⣡
Ľʱǰȣ֮𣬺ˣղתȻģ
ת۹ĽѾ֮ȴһƬ֣ӲͷЦ°ɣ
һʧͬʱ顱һ죬ĽͬʱóӰӣٿһ֡
ʱվĽղλãһ
ɫһ纮ߣ˫䣬âʵʣɢΧҹɫ
ʧ֡
ĪѵĽ书̫࣬вںֱӴȥ
Ľдǡ顱һ죬ʧ֮ʣӰһ˻ĲӰ
顱顱顱첻ĽͣʩչƲÿζ֮գܿ
Цãõúܣ
Ľ΢Ц֪մ
ɫ䣬ŪĽ֮ʣ˵ȻˣԼ
֪Ľһã˹֮ʣܷˡ
һ߲׽˵ͷһߴ߶Ʋһģ˼֮
˵̫죬Σ֪֮ͨǰһ类׽

ͣסඣ䣬棬޵ɱҵĴҵ֮ܶͬ
桭Ľ׽֣顱ԲͣʩչƲܿ˻
ĽЦֵǡ֡
СУǧ׽סˣһЦȴĪɭ䣬˲ɴ
ĽĲΪǺһЦģ׽סˡ
õúܣλζЦеһȭ
ꡱһ죬ĽһϣѾ
һУһȭЦ˵׽㣬ٷѨ
飡꣡Ľȭͷϡ
Ľ΢ЦѨûʲôá
浭ǰѨãһֱӷ书ֽŽ㻹ôӣ
赭дºͣĽǺһЦ
濴ɭ䣬򵥴ֱ¸ɾ䣬ȴʵǸթ˺˵
Ḷ̌ģֻ΢΢һЦð׽㣬Ҫ
±Ӱɣ治мЦ
˵ŻĹһһ׷ʮϡ
ȣطһȣըף죬Ҷ׷Ʈ䡣
Ľһͣʱؿȭ顱һ죬ط˳ȥ
ײȻһתȦ˳Ʒɳֱ֣顱顱ʧ
һʩչƲһĨϵѪԿЦͨҲܣͷնѳ˹ֵȴס
ýղ񹦣޷ȫסȴȥǿ;ˣֻˡ
һĨ죬һʩչƲϴЦ
ȭ֮ʣһãͨûͣȻ׽һͷȭľ֮֮ʣǾϲͨã

ٴ׷ϣתƲɬüĽ֡
һȭʯѱʡ
һȭѪ֮סСȴˣкһȭҲܲסģʵ졣
ٴν֡
һȭһȭһһ۶ϣĽܿܿ·ǰ֪Ķ
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ȭҲԶķˣٶ죬Ṧ֮ͬһȭֱӿһξûй켣
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С㣿ĸ󺺴ƽͣˣȭմɷ棿
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ⲻ˼ĵط˼ͷԵȡ
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Це𼱣ڼˣһɡ
ĽЦͷ
ʣտȻʦʲô书
ĽЦŵལһǬȥ¬үӸϣһλɽĵѧһȭ
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130 
ںо˸Ŀ
Ľ΢ЦԣЦǰ
ںҡҡͷ˼ԣȭеŹ֡
Ľһɫȴ䣬ֻ΢Ц˼⣬Ѳɣ潻֣ʶȭ
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һһأȭཻ죬ʵڿʲô

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131 
÷һСԲƹȥȥһʦӦҲԵġ
Ľϲ漴룬׺ŮΪһˣҲȥã
÷ҡͷ׺ȷʵŮΪûеӣֻеӵλߣưˡ
ԭˡĽȻ˼
÷üƬ̣տȻȥҵģ书ȷж֮ˣһ֮С
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÷˿΢Цһޱ㷢˵꣬
С˵Ľ

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һǳΪŵӣһ񣬴˹ˣʸ䣬ţҲҪˣţϳ书
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رװɮۣȥñӣͷֲ飬ĴݣС
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Ľӣһˣ׽ţЦﳯԪ𾭣
ﳯԪ𾭣֣ʿһҲ֪
ĽͷżȻ˵
֣ʿҲӣЮһŻ׽ŵﳯԪ𾭿˲ã˴֮ݾ֤ɷȥɣ
Ľǣ˵Ź򡣡
֣ʿȻЦɣɣǺǣû֪ˣһУǳ䣬ԲȱĪǣ
Ľʣˣģ
ţ֣ʿͷЦڵˣ֪ɵĻԻͣҲϹﻹеӡ󡭡
Ľͷ˼
֣ʿɫһߵСУۣȥСҪ꣬ٵˡ
ĽЦŵͷ֣ʿУΪԵݡ
֣书Ī⣬ˣȴѲһǣ浽ƣȴǽúܣνһλϷ糾ˡ
ĽĻ
һֹ᲻ãʵˮ⶯
ղ񹦣Լô֣ܲڽղʹйվҲˡ
ûнղ񹦣ֶУһƻн˹վֱӱ
ȡʵϡ

˰ΣĻ̌ͷûȫķӣ
㵹¶֣ʿҡͷʧЦ
ĽЦ
š֣ʿ׳
Ľһæзӣ
֣ʿƬ̣ϵ֪ûʲôӡ
Ľ̾˿
֣ʿƵĵƼãǳ룬ûʮȫʮ֮£ŹŹˮͣҪںΪһܣ
Ľͷ
֣ʿţǰвپž֮ţҲ뷨ںϵȡ侫ɾͲ֮ϧ³ңֱ߻ħҲûʲôǺõģң񲣬˶̾Ϣ
ֵСУҿɲ˵Цˣ߻ħңж
лġĽͷ
֣ʿҹҹԾͬӲͬپһЩֱ֪ˡ
Ľͷ
֣ʿŵǵҵȴֱƫҪһֿԣ
Ľͷ
֣ʿ΢Ц˵ƾʣҹòӣͬ٣
ĽЦܳ
֣ʿЦеңһٶʮ꣬ó


132 ȼ
ŶһٶʮĽȻ´
ȥʮˣôһٶʮꡣ
Ī˵ЦĽЦ
֣ʿ״ЦҡͷСУϵҶˣƭ㣿
ĽЦŵͷãŵģҹȻഺפ
Ȼ֣ʿ׶ЦɵЩѾͷΪƯ£
ɺѽĽ
֣ʿͷţЩԨԴ
Ľмֽ飬˵ﳯԪ𾭡
ǸѾͷɰɣ֣ʿ۵
ĽͷЦЦ
СѾͷһֱš֣ʿҡҡͷ¶ɫ
Ľû˵
֣ʿѾͷһֱָٹ⣬Ҫɣϧôף·ŲʢҹɣУǸɵѾͷ
Ľͷȷʵϳ𣬷Ŵǰ̣񱻴ѹʽ΢
ţȷʵУΪҲ
֮Ϊһ˳ƶУʱӢۣǿȣ

֣ʿСУԼãﳯԪ𾭿ɲģҲû񡣡
ۣʵĽҡͷ̾
ܸܵӢĿΪԼɣνѾģȴܾˣʧ֮
뵽ˣҲмΣΣŶԼж
֣ʿڰ֣ǸɵѾͷˡ˵˵ѡҹǷҹ򣿡
Ľ룬ǷҹɣұǳԷţҹ򣬲ײˡ
һת۹Ѿ˼⼸飬ҪģղǱ֮
ңղ񹦣ѾУıԼһУҪϳˡ
ҲȰ֣ʿ̾˿ҡҡͷҹҿԴ㼸С
ĽЦٺòǰľǮɣ
֣ʿȻߵҪǮ߯
ĽЦеĵǰƣɷѰľƣң֮󣬽Ҫȵģǰ¸أ׺ȣ
ߣðɡ֣ʿһεͷ
һѧʲô˵ֻһ׹򣬷бѡ˷ҵģ⹦òѧ
ĽǰʹұĹɣҹؼʱãƽʱûʲô󰭡
š֣ʿһȼΣ

ȼĽæǺ
ȼȼķš֣ʿĽһۣͷ˽ղ񹦣ѧŹò
ȼĽæʡ
֣ʿΪͣȼ߶Ṧò
˵գڰ֣˵˲֪˵˵
³һƪھ
ھܼ򵥣ȴ룬Ľˣڹһֱյĺϼò
һųһҡͷ̾һɽһɽߣ
֣ʿ΢ЦСУΪԼ˲ã´˶ȥãƴǣ
ǣ̡ܽĽͷ
ۣʼĦȼ
ʽѣķȴ죬ת۹Ѿţʱ󣬱ʩչ
ķ߶𣬵ȼ˵ʱ顱һȼ·һǽ
Ľһ顱һײǽϣһεĿѾ˹ȥһ㡣
֣ʿһ㶣漴Цֲ֧
ЦһпҡͷСУȻԾˣ
ôȼԾ֮֮ǿҲˣ۳ǣʮʱҲĹ
һǣȼίʵˡ
Ľ߶Ṧֻ棬ǰٵˣģһƬֻƾֱǰ
Ҳֹס·˻𣬷Ҫй֮죬ͣ£ҪԼٻˣ²죬ֻƴܡ
ԼһӵĹͣ£һ£ڲݵϡ
ʱѾ˰ɽһߣһգ۹Ѿ˸Ρİɽڴǰܡ
Ҳǰģȥ¥գϵ޹⣬ڵУеʧ
ȼǽȼҩը˵ȷʵľѧ
ӻǹעһգߣ׷ˣֻ־ˡ

ϥ£˫ֽӡϦܿһֻĽ֪֮У˿
̫ע룬ԭ޹ϵƬ̹򣬻ָ˹⻪ģһǰ
ĽƮ𣬳һЦ
ȼȻԼоķ죬֮¾壬ͨϵתΪȼɳ־á
뵽ˣʱ˷ܣѧ绢˼ֱϣ
漴ü
ڷôϵڣķתΪʱӳࡣ
쳤̾Ʋܼãֻܷˡ
ʩչṦ˼ң֣ʿȻԵõĺȾƣЦеѽСУ
ĽͷȷʵǰҷҹҪϳ
֣ʿڰ֣ǵأ㲻پҹǣŹ򾫽ѹ磬Ҳûʲô󻼡
ĽһãطҪϵȥίʵᡣ
֣ʿ룬ҡҡͷûʲôķǸ鷳һѧһѧա
ĽͷԼȷʵûѧķղ񹦲㣬֮ҪһŷķѹסĽ
֣ʿ룺Ҫķã¹⴫ǰǲãԼ뷨Ӱɣ
ĽЦͷǣԼ취
뵽ڷ
֣ʿݣóڷϥϰ棬ܾЩȴһֱ޷ƽ⡣
ȥĿϸϸŵǰϸϸ۲죬ŵԶ۹ۿ
ƫƫаѷڵϣȻϣһֱƣ£Ĳ֮ơ

۾գһۣһֱƣ֪˶ã۾˯˯·붨ȴ붨
Ȼ䣬Ժֹһ޴֣գΨеﴦڻң״Ҷ
ɼڵҶƺתͣ񣬾񽥽һѹ


133 
էһپҡҡ׹
ɣӲصѧʱ򣬴ʱţͱûȥ㡣
һüģƬ̺󣬾һЩۣĽһ
üûʲôһ±ۣڹۣپ졣
λãϵΪһŰմΪʸŰмȥ
һζ룬ǰһ壬ȴǽˮУˮ峺羵޹޲
֮꣬ƿˮ谭ٿһһˮС
ԼС治ʱֽ⡣
һһһ𣬳ڲͬλã·

Ľ֮һȥǵѸ磬ĽӦ˲ںϡ
Ⱪǣˮ֮һʼתˮ֮İ״ơ
ĽԺʱһ壬һ㡣
ֳַһ񣬸ˮ飬γˮɰ㣬Һ̬㣬һ򣬸ݻ֮С
Ľջ۾䣬յһ
Ȼۣ뵤ϵһָо
Ƭ̣ҡҡͷ̧֪ͷϵĺڷԾ糣ʲô
ǹඥ֮أԼδ֮ǰҲ޷
ԽתƬ̾ף뼤ඥֻһ;ϣҪϣ
һԼһ㣬ǿֱӸӦܵ
һǹҪ쳤վùۿӴӦմﵽϣν
Źȫ飬Ͷصϣһ㣬ٶ๦Ҳûá
ﵽϣϣأĲʮأʮ꣬һӵĹ򶼿ܡ
Ʈ齣ת⣬ʹָ
Цſһۺڷתݡ
֣ʿԺиⲽ˼Ųתͷסһһ絽Ľǰ´
ĽЦеģˣ
֣ʿͷ̾СУඣȥˣת˷ҹ򣡡
ĽЦ

תߣ֣ʿϣݣĽһָϵĺڷ񣺡ϵô
֣ʿҡͷǵʿǺУϵ
Ľеܾе֣֮£仯
֣ʿŷƬ̺ҡͷɫȻһ䣺ģŹ֣ԭˣѵԴѩɽ
ĽͷǣӦڴС
ѩɽҲзţԭŽȻܴͬУ⣬ضǿ
ѩɽ֮ߣ̾ᣬʹ־֣뷭ѩɽҲڵ죬ܡ
֮ڴѩɽϾԣƾǿظǰϣҪУֱӱĨɱ
вپֲƾǿ书ѩɽһ⣬ȥ޻ء
˵ѩɽѩ̹ǣɲ磬ܲס硣
书ٸǿԲ已̥磬
֣ʿ׵ͷ΢ЦԴѩɽС񵽱ҿ
ִĽһ£Ľȴܲ
Ƭ̺֣ʿͷЦһķŹ޺󻼣ƴɣ
Ľ⵽ʲôЩԺ
֣ʿݣԵߣĽǰһƣһߺȾһ˵
֣ʿ´룬׳Ƭ̣ҹƣǡ
ĽȻ룬Ҫͷˮʵڲ
֣ʿ΢Цϵôſڵʲôҿ϶
ĽЦҪҷŵʡ
֣ʿͷûһ飬ȻĵԣŹҪҺʣԣȥѩӡʦ̫ɡ

ϣǶĽһ߶ڣĽ鰲
֣ʿûߵ˼Ҫסˣ᲻Ľľƣľƣٺȱľƣڰˮ
ĽͲڣ˵죬ͬʶڣҪǣţĸȫݡ
ڶ峿뿪ң÷ȥ
Сɽʩչ͵ѧṦһʮɣȻݣٶȴ죬һɽ
ɽͷɽСׯʱŨϢ
ÿ龰һɸж
Ȼüתͷϣֺһηˣ
ƮˣߣһԲģü԰ףûһ˿ƣź⣬Ӥ
һߣҲԲģȴ⣬۾ֻʣһ죬Цпˣ۷ȴ͸ź⡣
һˣ£һЦеĴĽ
һ򡢱УÿһָͷŽָһգŹ⡣
ĹƱ׾ȴϢ
ЦеʣСУտȻ
ĽüһЦǰǺҵģ
Ǻǣѽߵͷû뵽ôᣬԿ˵ã
ʲôüͷĵ
ǺǣϼһôļҡͷʧЦȻ㼱ϰɣ
һۣСҲó֣
СһۣôţԲ
ѽðɣɡҡͷЦտȻϻͲ˵аɣ
˵գƮƮǰ

ĽӭӣĶʱһ߿źƣȴֲ֮飬б
ÿһӵü漴νʣ׼ʩչǬͼ֮
룬Ʒ棬ν֮ʣƷ䣬žž£Ľؿڡ
Ľ˳ȥڿаҡͷ
ƿƮƮģûʹȴߣӾֱ˵
Ľһ²谭һһǳ嵽ǰˡ
ƾأнղ񹦣ȴް
Ʈڿʩչȼ
עΪһǣ䡱һ𣬵һȼӿ˫ȡ
ڿһʧڿУһ̳ڶʮ⣬һʮ⡣
߶һۣҡͷЦûȥ׷
ٶȣһ㣬ṦǿҲ׷ϣȥ׷ѹ
ЦеģСУȻмֵС
ЦóأǶˣ
ֻЦǺǵɶСУȤȤ


134 Σ
ĽȼΪһ⣬ת۹˽ǣʱȼգ
УԼ˶ΪһŻ棬޷Կء
ãסй£ڽǴ֣ת÷
ĸͷ΢Цк
էһǰ峺羵޲һȥϨ֮ǰۺ࣬ôȼնղ
֮򣬹㣬һ峺ˮһɣʱȼա
ڴĥ䣬ߣһͣһͣԵС̯ӳŵ÷ӡ
ڴǰһӹȼմ̶ӣȼգϨ֮ס
ԴˮͣĻΪȼգһˮһȦ
ٶȣˮȼһʱ

ѧȼֻеȼ֮ȴϨ֮ǰȼ˵ģ
ƣܣһˣͷйȥ
תԺȥϢҵ֮
տȻʦԶһˣһ˰ѩʣȴ幫ӡ
Ľʮһ΢Ц幫ӡ
ʦǻظ幫ҡȣЦеʣ˸ǰˡ
ӣһ
ںӣ֣һ̣ҲȴûһǺߣθݣò񳣬˫磬ճġ
һ󺺣Ĵ׳ıۿɹϥ֮Уۣէȥ·һֱֻ
òã촽˫ͭ壬˿Ľ´͸һɵ⡣
ĽͷǣҸմӼһ幫Ҫȥ֣
ģ幫Цеĵ䲻ȴҲתһתһʱ䡣
Ľͷʮһ񣺡ǾͲŹˣǡ
˵ţٲҪ뿪ȴͣסˡ
һܰ㺺ӵס·ͭ۶ٺЦСУտȻ
幫ü
ܰ󺺺ǺЦӷģҲ֪ë֣־ҪҪдһ£
幫ҡͷ̾ⲻǸҪһЩġ
ٺ١ܰ󺺺ЦЦתͷСУôҲҸȻ£
ĽҡͷЦ΢ĩ֮Ͳ׳ˣǣ
ţһֵס·һСУǲƲ
ĽüƢģҲð
ңѹȼյΪмֲͷתͷ幫ӡ

幫ЦЦտȻʦһɳգָ°ɣΣ
Ľ˫΢Уһţһ̣Цֵǰְɣ
һ幫ӣʹ˸ɫ
幫ӵͷɫղĽĿһ֮ʣΧ֮һ䣬·ˡ
Ȼһɣ˺ԣǶǸ֣о񣬲׽Ծ棬ؼ֡
ЦãСУʹ죡үһ仨ҵҪƣСǲ˵
ĽĬȻ
һȭͭһɣ͵ĵһȭ
ءȭ緢Х·ͻɽ
֮һ䣬һͻһǰޣɽ֮˿Եֵ
幫ȣͷһȭˣ
ͷȻһϰȴǼõģȭˡ
幫ӵͷȥ͸š
˵ĽУȭȭңͻɽĽȴһζܣԣ硣
ŭһСУһѽ
Ľ΢Ц˫ֺʮ²ŲŲܣȭͷͣѸףȴ򲻵
̵ģǺӵģͱ㣡ա
ĽЦݣ˫ַ£̾ǰСˣ
˵գһȭ
飡˳ȥ

ļײһֹ֦
һֹ֦ͣϻڵϣӣĨһǡ
ںæǰ
һƿվ̧ͷĽͭ۾Ź⣬Ϊˡ
Ľ΢Цԣǰˡ
ҡͷЦСУӣ
Ľǰȭףҵ˰գٻᣡ
˵գ˺ʮһתߡ
ţæеһĽǰ
ĽȴͣһΣʧǰѾɣһѾʧ֦
幫Ľʧķ˼
Ҳ˰ΣŻع
̵ӣԭտȻʦǲ׾ء
幫һģ̾Ṧ
죬ǲޣߵСУƲң´ζҪúýѵ
ںҡͷ̾һȭҲס˼˵
˭˵ģǴˣû뵽ô죡޵
ںҡҡͷëѼӲҲ䣬ǧټҽڡ
̵ӣտȻʦ֮С׺ɣ÷Сأ
幫ӵͷ˼
Ƭ̺һ˦ৡһ򿪣ҡȣЦеߣǺúùһǣ

ĽԺһ·ϰ⣬û뵽ȼȭһȭȥԼ벻ֱӰɡ
ƽԼȭҲס
ԺҴҸ˴һкֱݣϥϣרעڡ
ʱȼգΧˮֻʣһ룬ͣתΪȼ
εڱڣǸƤо֮Уڲͣͣʱը
ĽһƣءƷХƽŰڣƮϵ黩졣
ĽһһƳһһƣӣڿХϲյˤɼꡣ
Ľ˲ãüƣһƽһƣйڵ
˰ʱƽϢȼմ
ɫȴˣˮʧ֮ˮ̹¶ȴɢ֮ףоΣա
Խת룬һΪһ˫ӡᣬ߶ķһˮУ̡
ãϵƣǾ񹹳ɣҪȹ̣ȻҪⷽ֡
ιۣһнһţ¶ٺ顣
˷ȷʵЧķת̫ע룬Ϊɰ˿˿ƻΪˮ°סˮȶ
ΪˮĹ̼һյ蹦򣬽ˮ򱡱һ㣬ҪָԭģҪתķ
齣ҡҡͷȼȷʵҲΣգָҲѣܲãǲΪ


135 
ĽһݣξĹһץסָ첲ʦܣڵʲôô󶯾
˵ţ̽ͷ̽ԣȥ
ĽЦʦ֣˵Ҫͭ׻
ٺ٣Ҳ˵ξʱüЦͷЦҲԿܲͨ
ҪСģһС鲻ãϸġĽЦ
ξڰ֣İգСһ˽
˵Ż̩лվ̨ϣ֣տȻ
ĽξЦЦŽ̩¡
羵ӹ棬֦Σ涶ˣŮ赸

̩վס˰ΣȻ̾˿տȻ֪ôСû˵
ĽЦǣСУѱ
̩ͷпСҴԺɽ÷ûѧȫ׽ģ
ĽȻͳҲûѧȫ
̩ͷţֻףףôС㡣
ĽȻ֪׽ӣףŮȻ÷޵á
̩ЦеĵտȻʣҪȫףһඣա
ǡĽӦ
󣬽̩诽ָһʱÿʱѧϰһ׽
뿪ĽһֱûԺķҲûԣһֱϦ£ЩüĿ
ҡͷЦԼҲ֣ķޱȣʽȴޱȣԼ츳Ӧ޵ЩʽȡʤĹС˵мĽʮơ
ϧԼԵޣû˾Ҳ֪񹦡
صԺʱξæӭʦܣСԲҪȥ
Ľͷ뿪ԺߵС¥÷֮
Ϧ£ڻ֮УеĻȾ˽죬СͤУɴƮ÷Ϧ
һźɫؽ࣬ϦճΡ
书ĽĿ
ȡĽһƿţ룬ŷѵССͤǰ
̾Ϣ⣬￴ܼįĺ

÷ת΢΢һЦӭտȻʦ
Ľʱǡ
£÷ԶϲյЦʦ幫Ӽ˰ɣ
ĽͷǣȻҹӡ
÷棬˸ĬȻƬ̣ʦ˵꣬ô
ĽͷС
÷ĬȻյһڣţȴ룬㱡
ĽͷȲ裬û˵
Ƭ̹÷̧ͷ⼸꣬һֱиĽᣬԪס
Ļ̌ͷӣǽڰɣ䱾࣬ѰҹųɣһֱУ֮١
÷ҧź촽ҲţԪǱ־Զɱģ
ĽȰôȥˣҲ޴Ӳˣ˰ɣĵģҲ롣
÷ĬȻã̾һ
ĬĬţϦգ˵Ӱϳ
̫ɽĺɫӿûأΧһС
÷²յʵʦꣿ
ĽЦ˲ڿתܱ䣬Աҵϴȥ
÷̾
Ľҡͷ䳤̾书Լȥһ顣
÷ȻһЦ߻ħһΣ𣬲ˡ
Ľ˿Լµã߻ħ֮Դӣ˸鼫õġ
÷ʦ𷨣գȴʵȥţô죿
Ľ룬գ˹ȥæȣһ𡣡
ã÷Цŵͷ
˵һЩ÷һЩۣĽó÷Ǽģ˼άܣϽ
ϧֻͨ𷨶ѣС
ţ𷨣ޣ߲һ壬ȴ
Ľ޷֤ѭ֮;֤ôӶѣŷ𣬶Ϊ÷汣ӣǲмһ˵ġ

˵תȥȴվһˣ幫ӡ
üߣĽտȻʦѽҲڡ
Ľʮһ񣺡幫ӣȷʵɵúܡ
幫ƿţСˣ꺺ͭ۴ɣ
Ľ·ûֻ幫ӡ
÷ӣԪġ
˵ŻԪĽСͤ΢Цɩðûλɡ
ĽüĬȻ
÷бһۣЦ֣ʦ̷𷨣
ԪȻЦտȻʦ书ǼģҲ˸
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˵գ˵ֻƷ衣
ԪҲüͨģ״ٴţת÷
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ĽлĹģɻҪȥġ
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ȴ룬׷һ죬ûĽӰӣǻɣǲ׷·ˣ룬Ǿƴ·ǰ


136 
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һתԪ˾ϲ
ԪЧʴ˿˿Ƶ֮ëףƮУһ±ˮĺˮ
һë룬ƮˮУڻ
Ľϲһֱգķɵ¾ҪתΪˮЧ
û뵽Ԫѣԭߵˡ

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һʹϼ켸ҹҲݽߡ
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峿ʱ֣ȻһХֱɡ


137 
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оԽԽһյ蹦Щظˡ
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Ͳ׽һĨŵЦ⣬һɣߣǼ书㣬ĻҲǳ죬ʦǣЦó


138 
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һľ¥ǰͣ¡

¥ǵĳȻ¥һ㣬ȴ˼־£һЦƮм翣·ʡ
ɽ屾͸ƣ¥ߣ嵽ϣݵĺˣһ㱻ߡ
ɽߣΧΧƣԴϷ΢죬ܷţ·ƽ죬ֻ¶ȵһЩ
¥̫ߣֵıȻܵ紵
ɡɡ¥Ļ̌ͷеľңֿ
ŮĿ룬㱣Ҳߴ١
ΧʱŮӽǣֻǵͷûͣ˵ˮ۲ҪһĽ
ιĽ̾Ϣһְ
ͺߵȻһλױᣬ˵λǷˡ
ĽͷȻֲã֮ԭλǰ
Ӣ˵λ棬ﳯԪгɣϼٷмֿء
Ȼѵϣгɵõ
ڼľ֮ǰǲŵģǾӢƭˣͱе伮ƭǱ˵ģš
ԼЩˡ


139 
һ룬ҡҡͷȻѾ£αԼֱԼﳯԪ𾭣ǾͲ
Ϊջ󣬶ɥʧ˾裬Ѱ·
ľϵ֣Ǿʮ㣬·ããأȻףķ·һϴӡ
ˬҡͷЦ߰ɣ
ǰͷֱӵ¥һ£ͨ͸ççȺɽ繷
ĽΪ֮һЦõط
͸ۿվ̩ɽϸ֮УᵱһɽС
Ц¥ߵľ¥
ĽͷǸп
Χλ˲ֻ࣬ˣܿ
еĶŮӣǴ죬еĴееĺʸвͬ
䲻ͬ毺ã棬ɫϳ˵˶ȴۣΪĿĶ˶
ûжԱȣû

ĽʦãֻŮӣûˣ
͵˲ˣӣţһֻСҰèſţԽԸˡ
ҡҡͷţǱţû˵ġ
ţĽʣӹϵĲյ
͵ͷţһףŵӣϡ
ĽЦеʣ˵ÿλӶܳˣ
ȻඡͿ˿бĽߣǺУЩʲô
ĽЦǺǵİڰ֣ͷȲ衣
ʱߴߴУʮŮĽߣռӣĽһΧס
ǶЦӯӯĽкһɮ˧ƽ˼˲ţӢ
һ칦Ľ죬кøУˡ
ĽЦҡͷ˵ֻǵͷȲ裬΢Цԡ
żʶŮӺǽüҲҪ磬ʰ·硣
洽ݣ˵ˣĽ˵ްŮΧҲӦϾֻܺȾơ
Ľųǧģȴˡ
ƾƣȻȱŮûסԼò˹ƾƣֻƾŽղ񹦡
ղ񹦻򲻹ջǵˣСԺ
ڶȥ䳡ʱŮЦһ

ʱ磬ʱǸѸ٣ֻһգ۹Ѿȥˡ
Уҵһֱɽ½ʮ㣬Ůҧгݣƴ
߷ͬһƿڴʲôʲôһºȰ˵ĳ
ĽЩںţֻȻŮɽ˳ὣ诽
׽༸ףûѧᡣ
ɽĴĽҲͻͽۼʽľɵĽ÷ǿ
˵磬ǻ룬Щͣظ
ͺ޺һţеȥʰඣ
һŮͷѽͷ淳ˣ˯޻Ŷ䣡
Ů׷׽£ѽͷ̫ɶȥʰǣ
칦ɽͻͽ˵ˮƽѾֱʦǡ
ĽԵͷʮŮԼãҲã칦򣬽죬ɽԽԽ
һ֣ܷת۹屶һӺܷӳ
Ľ⣬Լ൱ˣʮԼĸ֣ӦӦͷˡ
տȻʦ֣㲻ٵ˰ɣתĽ
ĽЦеĵͷðɣһȥǣ
Ůһ˵æľ£Լ潣ȻһԳ䳡ߣԾԲ𣬷ɿ½
ĽŮ֮Уŵ㣬ľԽԽ˵ĸо۹ݡ
ɽʱߵȻ𣬹ϣףŮɫ䣬û뵽ͷ֮
üߵͷôߣƷȴ̫ǿϧˣ
һŮʦ㣬ǡ
Ͱڰֵ֣ĵɽûģİգֻҪţǣ
ǣʦ㣡ŮӦʿ

Ľû˵ȻȴҲӲʱӲ˵ĹǣǴʦ㡣
ȻЦ·ˮйֱȥ
Цλǰαسˣ¾һ
˵գһԾԲ͵׹ȥŮö࣬ת۹棬ʩչṦۣƮƮ¡
ͺ¿Уһ֣ŭһֱ˹
һЦݿ߸׹ۿЦСУܳסϷ
ĽһЦһǰ㽣
һ߽ĵĳȭĽȭֱֽסͷһʱ֮ѷѽ⡣
ǡڴʱŮŮ·ӿ£ƮƮסգڿռס˷λ
һأֱӲ󷨡
ΪĽס谭ֱסˡ
٣Ůһӳҫܡ
壬ҪȴĽסֻܣ޷ȫӦŮĽ
ʱһţõǴˣɽת
ŮӣǵȻ񣬻һˣȴʮ˷̯ʱʧȥ
ĽҲνʩһὣһལ㣬Ϭ硣
Ȼ·磬ΧһֱŮ֧ԮæңռϷ硣
ʱתɽԽԽǿģŮǿֻܿס
ϧһĽ˫ѩϼ˪

Σ˵ƥӳֱײŮ⡣
һĽ𣬲֪˶Уеޣƴȴ޷ѡ
ĽڽУ磬Ůһ𹥻ˣལһ򣬴ߡ
һСȴں·˵ĲǺηĿ񹥣磬ֱͿҪŮꡣ
ϧŮĽΧ£ձĽĿڶ
֮ʣŭХ˲ʡ
û뵽ݺһӿʼסһֱѹƣ·ӣֻ׹
ǻ£ɽͣס漴Ů
Ľʣ˸߲ҵģҡҡͷȴ㣬Ÿˣ⼸û׷ѣԲôˡ


140 
ߵ߸ǰ̾˿˫ֺʮ˫ֲۣ飬оģ˵ꡣ
ׯϣɫӨɣ촽ţһ³飬ƮŮС
䶯֣û£Ҳû뵽ɽˣɱˣ˷֣ߴߴͣ
Ľͣ¶תͷȥ
һһֹ룬飬䵽ϣȥϵЦʧׯϡ
˵һŷ𣬵ʱ޲֮Уû˵ЦֻĽ
ĽκǴɽӣŽ⣬ֱӡ

һӹĽͣסо˫һţ̾Ϣһתͷ͵ʦãǵˣΪ󣬻Ϊա
ǡ͵ͷ
ԳڸղŵУû˵ֻкŮڸɽһӣײģ߰ˡ
ֻᣬȴû鷳Ľú֪С
һãȻǿлŮҪʧأҵô򵥡
һӴɣŮɽи飬ɺѣ޷κһŮ档
֮ʼ·ѰһЩǺţȴûʲô֣дˣûǺš
һŮɽ
£Ů񫣬ÿ춼Ľƴɽ󣬽ɿ졣
ĽҲΪ棬ལὣ诽Ǿ죬Լһ˿д裬Чɵơ
֮Ӣˡ
ĽڣΪԾ漴ϲæ˶ˣеĵտȻͬˣ
ظϢء
Ľҡͷ̾ǰʧˣУΪ¡
ӢϹâʱȥɫһȻ̾˿ϣյһڣ£˭Уʲô£
ĽǸȻ΢Цɽ֣ǰϵã
֣Ӣ룬ȻһȻ֣ΰ֣
Ľͷ֣һ
Ӣ֣Ǳһλǰڳɽû뵽ϣأ
ĽһָԴЦֽɡ
ӢԵǰĥ⣬׼ֽʡ

Ľһͣҳֽдᴵ˴ЦΪ¹شкҵ׷ֻܳ²ߡ
ӢĲɵĵͷؼ㣬ϲ
ĽЦǰż͵Ҹøˣ
Ӣһæʲôѽѵһˣסߣ
ĽҡͷЦѾǰ죬ٵ飬˻ᵣģ˰ɣ
ȻҵģһŵģӢһ֣ɾ˵ء
ĽҡͷЦЦεĴӦˣȴҲмϲ
ϲϢŮƣĿſʡ
д轣ֲԼ֮㣬÷ȵŮģȶѣͬ÷Զɡ
ʮֵ÷£Щֲ˼
죬䳡ϣŮɽ󣬺ȻһŮͨ˵ɽһŮӣйơ
ĽһŻȻ𣬺һ¹ȥˡ
һʱ䣬ˮһ㣬˲Ϣȥ
ܿ죬Ʊѩϸۣپ£һȾ˪֮ɫ
ʦ㣬ĽЩ˼
ƵͷСԸ
áĽͷ
Źƣŵ⣬ĽæŮܣƲ䲻ȣ鵭ġ
ĽתͷλʦãҪȥˡ
տȻʦ֣һЩŮ׷׿ߴߴ࣬ưü
ӢĽķ
ͨƮڴУӭӹơ
ӢСС÷ֵһᣬ÷׺ɣȴܲӡ
һΣĽ˵꣬Ӣû͡
Ľ˵Ҫ׺ɣҡͷѣտȻѽһ߲ö˶˵ģʲô׺ɣȥί
ĽЦҲʶһߴɡ
ӢǲΪȻ׺ɣûʲôλģ
ĽǺЦҲȫŮӣûλﲻҲö˶˵ģ
ӢЦһۣɿɲеӣķҪòвŮ
ĽĬķӢһֱû͵ѧˡ
Ӣֵᣬ͸ʹ˲׺ɣҪܲίοգ
Ľûӣҽɣʦֻѧڲ׺ɡ
֣ôӢ
ĽҡͷǷŹ֣ǵҹֻ߲ܸͬɵۡ
ӢһЦҡͷѽǲˣ֣νԵˣƫƫųԲţ
ĽҡͷЦЦҲһȼѧԼ֪ܲ㡣
ΨһߣΨԼʽ
ʽʹǿϸҲûãֻаķݶ

ĽŮᣬ򣬾ȥ÷ȥ
ĽԲ£˷ס
Ľͷۿɽֱסһ뵽һµĵεΣΪȻ
ЦһʦŮԵأ
ĽСӣУһЦŮԵദһֱɽϣûܳȾ
ƽһ
ĽǺЦЦ֪ת⣬Цʣʦ㣬һ󻹺ðɣһģ
ɫһͷţӣҵˣ幫Ҳˣǰ׸˺ҵ֧֡
Ľüߵ׼ң
ƵС׼ңǲһӡ
ĽһüëСҪ֣
֮ʣĸ֮⵹Ҳ÷ӡ
ҡͷС㲻׼ǡ
ĽԽתҪѰ׼ҵĥʯ
תͷȻЦеתͷȥһС˼֪
ȴ̾ϢȻǴС˽տȻ
÷˵⣬Ц˵۴˱ȵùտȻʹտȻҲԶ˵ģ˵ԼģտȻһ¾뵽
СԲҪĿԴ
һ·ۣ֮󣬰ʱ֣ص˽ǡ
էһֱӱ÷ȥҪĽæȥ˸𣬻֣ʿ
峿÷СԲƣĽһ뿪÷ǰ׺ɡ


׺


141 ɽ
ҹޣһ·ϣ˰£һƬɽ֮УΡΡԣѶȥޱ޼ʡ
ͣסççȺɽСԲŤͷС㣬׺ɾ𣿡
һۺסĽԲͮͮģΡ
÷üӻóһŵͼһ£ͷţɽһֱϣһӣغҵ
СԲǵĵŶ·
Զɽû˼һ·ǸˣЩġ
Ƶñǣؾǡ
СԲЦôû뵽أǹ
΢Цһ£ҡҡͷ
ĽϣԶ쵽һȻ·֮䣬ַ·ΰɽ

һֱߣ·ԽԽխԽԽ᫣˺һƥٵû·
ĽУγĳնУǿһ·
Ƴǿᣬ糿ϣӶͣʹǰ֮˿
Ůæÿ˼һʱĽǿզ಻ѡ
֪նĻ治ɡ
֦նϣЩѰͬɽ֣ƾãۣ쳣ͣһնȥСնϣŮ˹ܸɾ
һʱ˿ѷ˴򶷡
֧סϾΪŮӣͽһ飬ղסˡ
Ľģÿն󣬶㺹죬Цʦ㣬СԲ˰ɣԼ
СԲбߣտȻǲЦ󣿣
ĽǺЦһҲγǰһƬ⣬һ򣬽²ͣ谭ǰߣĪΪ촷ۡ
ңŮٳǿԹϣĽŲʩչṦٶԽԽ졣
Ľǰ·÷Ůں棬һٶȷɿ죬ѷǰڹٵϸ·
ʱţ̫ƶ֪УѾ䵽ɽϼ·õɫ
С㿴СԲһָԶһĴӣ˷ܵؽеڵ
÷빬Ҳ˴ӣĽٶȸ죬ٷ׷ɣ谭һ򣬵һ䣬ûʧɳ̲

Ƭɳ̲һԶ
˿ɫĽС㣬ǽ
÷ϹΣܿûʲôΣգͷţɣЪһܵˡ
СԲ磬ܵˣ
ưһۣ÷΢ЦտȻû˵ֻۣ·ۣûã
СԲЦôܸտȻѽǽղ֮Ӵ
ĽҡͷЦЦԻղ֮Զ
ƾտȻʣ¶СԲЦһԾһɳӣϸѽ
ţСһЩ÷Ը
Ǻ֧ܿ÷һСԲ빬һĽ¶Ұ⣬
һЩ˺ܿϢϢ׼ڶ·
һҹ޲
ڶ峿̫Ľ˺ӱߡ
ϣ绢ˮ峺ܿӴһſʯͷԲԳΪװƷ
ˮݴ㴩󣬶㣬ɫɫȴٽɫͷСǷ
Ľʱߣϣٶȼ졣
ĽĿԶӴΡɽڶȴɽסĿⲻ
ںӱߣ棬ȻƷȻˮϣ绢ȴֱó
תͷȥȴ߷һˣһƮƮ磬ƻת۹÷ǰ
Ľüͷһ£ûжվںӱߴˡ
Լжʮ꣬һ룬üбޣܣɽͦ촽񣬵˫籦ʯ
Ľ̾һӣ

÷СԲӷæƶ
걾ҪȻһͣƮƮ䵽÷ǰȭλˣԽ˲׺Ժӡ
÷һȭ񣺡СŮ÷ʦ񡣡
ף÷Ҳ׺ɵӣԽüһ÷һۣҡͷѽǲ׺ɵӣҶϵõġ
÷ʦüСŮ˼ӣаݻᣬʽɽš
ԭüʦļӣԽȻʱ࣬ͷЦǾһ
÷΢Цͷæ·
ԽˬӦЦвԶ缴ɵִǳԹ緹ûУ
÷ҡͷԽ룬һ£·ϳԣҲû˵ϳ緹
÷ͷӦˣĽ֡
ĽƮȥ÷һһǽܣԽл񣬺޼ӡ
ĽԼ֪еλΣҴ̬ĻӭԼһˡ
ĽԽǰɳ̲ǰΡɽȣһֱ
ԽĽ˵ͣһûŴɵӵİĽøд
Ҳиȱ㣬Ǽ˵ͣסǾϸĽҡͷƻĺƤҡ
˵ŻԽĽ˵һΣҡͷտȻʦܣǴͶɣʡ˲ٵ
ֵһ˵еɣȳŵӣ꣬˻书˷ܽţϲĹ򡣡
ŵտȻʦ࣬˻书û书С׬÷ֻҪ˷ܽš
Ľ׽˹ؼ
ţÿһСȣÿһȣСÿÿÿʤһ֣ƽһһ֣˫ֻҪٷ֣ɽš
ĽȻ˺һ֮̾֮ܿܿУ֮
˵ŻԽٶԽԽ죬Ľ࣬о棬û뵽λտȻʦ˺õṦ
һͣ£÷ǣٶȲṦ
ʱ֣һΡΡɽ֮£̧ͷĽпǧ
Իɽߣɸʤһ˿ϣ׺ɣ˿ѷɽ
ɽ뵽̩ɽֱһģɽƣסɽ⣬徿ߡ
ĽӶϣûоͷ

տȻʦܣ÷ʦãʦãСԲʦãǲ׺һأҪ˵һ¡ԽĿɿڴģ΢Ц˵
˻عתͷ
Խǲ׺ɣͽɽ
˵ͷпһȳƳ࣬ƽˣڹɽҪһƤ
ԽЦһأͶʦģ˹ɢȥƾԼɽ
ɫʱһ䡣
ԽǺЦǵǲɽԻͷʲôʱȥɣǿ󡣡
÷Ůһۣ˿ңԶ޾ʯס
Ľǿɷæ
ԽҡҡͷȻɡ
ЦЦ÷ʦãտȻʦܣҪպý࣬һңĸ꣬ѵȥġ
˵գȭƮƮȥԶԶЦΪɽϵǡ
ɽڴһƷԱСͤһһĸӣԽæȭ
Խͣ£ڰ֣ض񣬼λʦܣǼλüʦĵӣҪɽǲ
ǣʦ֣ĸӱȭӦ
ԽЦЦƮʯףһŵһһûһС
Ľ˿ЦС㣬ȥ𣿡
÷ҧҧ촽Կɣ
˵գͷȥƥӣȻʰϡ

Ľнղ񹦣ëϴ裬อԶʤˣһһߣ
㵽˺¶½ϡԺûоʲôͬԷڡ
ٿŮ÷ѣֻǽͷһܺ飬СԲأ㺹죬ˮճ
㷢ϣͣµˮ߾ţڣӿ
Ľɬʱ͵Ƴ棬Ľ͵ĽӣֻΧķ羰
ɽν׺ɽΧ羰ն㣬֮ؿ쳤Хĳ嶯
ЪЪһСԲʯϣٹ˲øɾ
÷빬Ҳͣ£˳£Ҳ˲ˣʯ׹ϴûŪࡣ
ĽҲͣ£ܣʯλɽ֮Ϸ磬ûз磬򣬵ǵߴظѡ
ĽЦϲ׺ɰʦüסһ㣬Ҫʱ򣬱ܰ˶ˡ


142 ݼ
ŮϢһٴվ
ĽЦһϣҪҪһ
˵СԲϲæŽ
ĽЦеĵϢҪ֮ǰ֮ܵӻƣͷ
ߣΪʲôأСԲһۣС㣬Ȼ͵͵˹û֪
÷ҡͷͷҪãΣػҪѭģ׺ɣɹ棬粻롣
СԲࣺðɺðɣҴ
÷бһۣտȻķӰɣ
˵գٴߣһٽףûȸоƣͣסˡ
ĽЦܵķ羰ؿƣҲɨȥˣǲǣ
ŮԴΧΧվɭɭķ羰УҾѹʱƣһʧ
һֱô˷ÿһٽױͣһ£Χ羰ͣһңһٽס
ѭΪǴǳķӣȴоƣϮԣ磬СԲЦ̾Ľ

Ľ˵ķӿƼ򵥣˭뵽뵽ģȴ޼޹شû̬
ʦɽһɼоͷ޲һ·ɽ޷˼
ңҲΪǲ׺ڿԼ־ƴŬƴʵǣ޲һȥ֤Լ־ᶨɿ͡
̬뵽ϸˮߣӻƣͣ
ߣٽһͣϢƬ̣һٽףʯ׿Զ޾ôһٽһٽȥߵͷ
¶Ƚ䣬ϡƣСԲ棬СУ˷ܲѣʱӻ֣Χ
÷ҲûֹЦǴΧѾ˽ׯء
󣬽ЩĶϴɽһ¡
Ľ΢ЦС㣬ǲǾýЩ̫ˣ
÷ͷ̾ǰЩǶѰܵסѵˣ
Ľֲ֡
ĽǺЦҡͷС㣬ˣʵѣÿ̨վһˣȻΰѶǣߣĸ̨ף̨һҲɣֻҪ˶ˡ
÷ҡͷʧЦԼȷʵͿˣû뵽ⷨӣƴ
̾ڱ˸ǰԼѩ񣬵տȻǰԼȴ׾ǳԼǰһ㡣

ʯ׵ľͷһׯΡ룬̿ϴǶڱ̿գУߡ
ǰ̨ʯʨʱ˹
ʯʨԱվӣ峤һէȥƮǣΪҲʯ
˳֣һתǽף࣬һӡ

죬ɽȼƮþòɢΧһƾϢ·ϹŶ
һкȻһȺӣ̨ףʯʨǰٿһ֣վ
ߵӾź£ظͦ£ŮӣӢˬ
ұеӡ
ŵĿбӣһһ𣺡λ½
÷˾ٲ¾죬û뵽Լɵӣųһ㡣
С㣬߰ɡĽЦ
Ůƣأ֧ţ绨ӶЦݣڵ߲ɼɽ壬һζ
һϴһܶôߵɽֻҪʵǣҶԷӣ꣬ܵ۷ġ
÷һСԲæȻְ﹬һ£÷԰Ľһ¡
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էһ΢΢ЦӭУȴ͸žǧ֮Ϣ
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߸վһˣӣұŮӣԽվߣ΢Ц
ʦ÷ݵڵأСԲ빬ƸŹ򵹡
Ľʮһû¹˳һۡ
Ů̬üбޣЦЦ溬üȴɷ
ԱһŮᣬԲһȺһ˫˸һ̶ˮԡ
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ĽµãŮʦ̫ŮȻüʦ̫÷ҵʦ
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ϸϸһ÷Цϲʦ㣬մ˼ͽ²ɼѽ
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ʦ̫һЦλʦʦãǿأ
ԡŮ׷׵ͷ
šȻһŮӰڰ֣΢ЦֱţǼǰ
ĽͷɨһۣŮԼʮ꣬ׯţҲһλ˶
һŮӣΨŮ˶Ůʲףɫȴ˶
ɵŮƣʵڲԶ

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Ůʱɫ䣬һۡ
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Ľʮ񣬵С׷Ѱ书֮С׺ɣ
̬üͣȻ𷨣𾴺Уȴøһȡ
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ǡĽͷ
ʦ̫һ۹СԲЦСѾͷʶúɡ
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143 
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üʦ̫תͷӨǰ
ǣʦ塣һŮӵͷӦɳƣΪ䵭
ò㲻Ϻ϶ѣйɶʣŶģüۼ͸˿˿Į׽
վڵڶλĽ˼⣬Ӧеڶλ͡
ʦȥɣúЪϢҡüʦ̫˵
÷ͷŮߣʱƳһĽӷЦ⣬Ľ΢΢һЦ
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ǣʦĩ˵һŮӦ졣
߳ЦݵһС֣СԲʦãʦã
ⴽˡ
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üʦ̫תͷӡ
ԽվȭʦտȻʦܰɡ
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ǡĽӦ
տȻʦܣԽЦе

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СԺһһ㣬ϣߵ޼һ㡣
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ߵʮСԺԽͣ£תͷЦտȻʦܣסɣⲻ⡣
˵գƿСԺȥ
ĽŽȥСԺһСֱͨݣԺӷֳɶ
һƬ÷÷һСͤǵܣӣΪ¡
ǻԣһյأ̵أԱ߰űܡ
էһԺУƮƢ
Ľ¶ɫЦԺס
ԽЦŵͷԺĵôտȻʦܣ⴦طɻ⣿
ĽܺãұΪŵҪǣ׳־ܿأ
ԽЦ⵹ûŵӾҪĥǣסĵطǺõġ
лʦˡĽ
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ڵ֮ϣŵӣ죬ŷַһ
ĽڣȻǵһ죬ʼ֡

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Ľͷлʦ֣ΪŵӣҪʲô
ԽЦеĵŵӵһˮҪɽˮɽ۲Ҫҧ
Ľͷڶأ
Խڶ񣬵ֲˣˣһС԰Ӿͳɡ
ĽЦʣÿҪˮ
ԽտʼһˣÿʮһˣһʮˣǹˣҲʼ࣬ӣһһԺӹأ£ܹС԰ˡ
ĽЦã׳ʵܲһֱӹأ
ԽͷɰʼãȻֱأһڹġ
Ľ֪ûڹ
ԽЦʦʦǻס㹦
ĽȻЦɽʱܲ
Խʦķ죬΢˹ܲģֱ׺ɽɡ
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ԽƺĻɣЦɱţʦƥĪ⡣
Ľͷǣɽʱû͵
ԽѽʦǺܿأܶ˴Ͷʦģ͵Ϊձ⡣
ָָߣտȻҪСĵڵǸǲá
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ĽͷЦǣҲǡ
Գҡͷ㣬һϲǣһ̰ɣôġ
ĽЦЦûдӦ
Գ߶һ󣬶һȥˡ

ӣɨúܸɾǿ鷿ңҾ߼򵥣ȴֲʧš
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СԲ빬ʦҲ˰ɣ÷һ죬ֱţϳ˾ѧϲɺء
ЩʦǣϣԶ
һȥ˼ʼصƴһ棬ɷһɷҵ档
Ҫ˹Ȼ顱һ죬ĽӴȥԺű߿һ׳ʵֵ̤
׳ԲţۣмֺмᣬŰֲԺС
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ĽƮ齣ҡҡͷӦþǶˣݣվ̨ϣʮһ񣺡λʦ֣кδͽ̣
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ԭʦ֣Ľ΢Ц֪ʦ˵ţкδͽ̣
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Ľ׺ɻһɹ棿
ݺţһɣݺݵС߯£ⲻǲ׺ɵɹ棬ӵĹأ
Ȳɹ棬ˡ²ӡĽЦеĵ
ں飬ݺһŭˣţһɣߣߣӣѽһģҷǴ㲻ɣ

˵Żһײȭͷֱֱʽ򵥣Ʋ
Ľȭӭϡ
顱һ죬ݺ
һǺ죬㵵ĵŴۣ˿ŭû׼ã㣬
Ľ֣΢Ц
ݺ˫ֱ򣬳ſС·֮֮
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һȭƱ׾ٶ죬˲伴
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ɷĽߵǰЦе
ӲݺһŤͷȻ
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˸һԶһȭ죬Ľܣ顱һؿڡ
Ľɫ䣬βӲ
飡ݺٴεɳȥײԺǽϡ
Ժǽ˻ΣҪݺĻȥֶ˶飬ʹ
ĽЦҡҡͷתˡ

ݺգգţۣЩ棬ĿĽصӴϿϥ˴齡
Ľ΢Цȥţ
ݺŴòᣬһ»ظڵվĽۣŤͷߡ
飡Ժűعϡ
ĽҡͷЦЦݺĺȷʵۺ¼һܱȵϽղ񹦡
ңȴԶԼԼ֣³ǰ󸫣عǰˣ󵶡
Ľٶ룬ʼϢת·ǿתưת
Ԫת˿˿ϢëףĺˮУͣ䣬ǿòȴܱȲǿ
ѰĵϢתЧ̫Ԫȣ֮𣬲ɵơ
ڴһ긾˹ɫеȣ㲻ʵҲˣĽһģܿǡ
˰ʱ֣ѾĽȴûд˳ˣҪɮ۵ģܴ
ܿ죬ɮۣɫɫһĽ⣬죬ײܻġ
ڶ峿öھӵš
˭洫ͷźһ±¶ݺݺݵ
ĽЦʦ֣ˡ
㡭СУʲôݺ漴ֶݺݵĵɹǲҪҴ򣿣


144 ʦ
ĽЦеĵʦ֣ҳէһ£ŵӴʲôط£
ݺбһۣߣʲôҲԻ㣡
ԭˡĽͷЦҼȻţҽȥǴ֮
ݺбмҪûմ㣡
˵գһӣ顱һŹˣŲȥ
ĽҡͷЦЦתԼСԺ
һõᣬɣĽһ֪Ůӣȥš
һű绨ȴ÷ʦ̫üʦ̫һŮ
Ůű쵰ӣ֬޳ӨתԵĶ֮
Ľ½÷Ƚϣޣȴֲͬ÷ׯ廪ӺݣŮĶĮһϣ˾ҳľ
տֻɨһۣһƳʦ̫

ʮһ񣺡ţʦ̫񣡡
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Ľĵı£÷֪֮֪Լ
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ĽͷǣĲ㡣
˲ѽʦ̫Ц۲תˣ۹ɮ֮󣬽ղʧû뵽֣
ҲǵӻԵɺϡĽ΢Ц
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ʦЦ⹦ŵ˵ռ˴ˣݺСһһ򣬱ѰúܣƫźаԵ
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ҵȲţʦ̫ԳһЦɮ죬ƤŮһ㡣
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աĽЦ
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ŮյʱĽȥǶŲյŽߵݡ
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÷һأ÷Ҳ࣬ǧص˿ࡣ
뿪ĽҲ뿪СԺȥǰ´


145 
СԺ÷ָ㣬ߣ㣬һƬԺǰͣסۡ
ԺܿɵĶԼСԺʮ󣬼һռһȥ
źܿûżѣǼͰӣ
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վţȻһϺ𣺡ӵ·
Ľתͷȥȴݺһˮ죬ڣˮ߳
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ĽͷǣҳէǴˮʼա
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Լһʱ䣬˾ص˴Ժ;һûЪǡ

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ĽЦЦƵᡣ
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ݺ޺޵ĶţƣˮͰһӣˣСԺʯʯһڡ
Ľһ˶ʮˮʦ־Цȫʧ
˿ĽȻ̾ȻˣֱӹȥɣֻҪһһԺӣأ
Ľ֪ЩߵȴףУԵ͵ڲ׺У͵ȴɣԵ
ڶ쿪ʼ
ԣҲСһӸ廨룬һ£۶ʵľͷҲһꡣ


146 ֲ
ڶأһĹҲȥˣǵ˵ء
峿ֺʦִţ㣬һСԺǰͣס
һ㲼ƣһһСԺŶ
ʦЦտȻʦܣͷƢе֣¸һʶ
ĽЦŵͷǹʦ֣
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˵Żҡͷпѡ
Ľ֮У˽ͷһСԺ
һƬƹϼռСԺɫˡ
һˮשΧһ˽Σһˮ
Ų룬̧ͷüߵʦܣͣ
ʦֺǺЦʦ֣شλտȻʦǲ׺δĶ֮ţ
ߣĻزô˵ЦѴ鵽أվ
ʦЦЦҲΣתͷտȻʦܣǹʦ֣԰ӣԸǡ
Ľʮһ񣺡ʦ֣
ˣЩ߰ڰ֣ͷٸ鷳Ū˼òˣҾݷˣ

ĽЦЦǡ
һʦ֣ʮ꣬ƣһ̣۽ֱǣ״磬ˡ
û˫ƷŹ⣬ݵɢɷȻǴӵɽ߳ġ
ʦֺߵСУһǲۣ
ĽЦЦƾʦַԸ
ʦЦеĵʦ֣ؿɲǴţտȻʦһһأ죬ֱӴأ
Ŷʦ˫һƱˣĿ룺˼Ԫ
ʦظʦԶ֣
ʦִĽͷ¶һ˿Ц⣺ȻǶ֮ţ
ʦ֣ʦ֣ˡĽЦǫ顣
ʦ۾һɣߣСУǳˣ˵ٻģ
ĽЦЦλʦ֣ʵ˺ռ˱˵ģ㲻׼
ΣģʦҡҡͷиСӣ˺򣬺аԵһɲ㣬׳úţ
ĽЦЦû˵
ʦһ֣ðɣ˵ϻˣѧŴ԰ӣѧˣԼһ顣
ǡĽͷ
ʦָĽ𣬵˵ŵʦƢ֣˲ǡ
Ľͷлĸ롣

ɣʦ֣ȥ
Ľ󣬳СԺԱԺӡ
ĿһƬżɫһΪ׳ֵۣȴӡ
Ҳһˮһϥˮߣ˫΢أ˽ۣʱâһ硣
æҴҸϵǰȭʦ֣
Сӣ㵹Ҳùʦֵͷͷ֣С߽ӵУ˫ơ
ĽԼʮ꣬Ũüۣһĺũ꣬Լ¶Цݡ
Ƭ̺󣬹ʦ̧ͷɿ¶һ˿Цݣһûг
ϲ̲סֿЦǺǡлʦ֣
ʦְڰ֣лԺã־ũ
Ҳ⣬źףͣɵЦ
ʦһָĽһɣտȻʦܡ
һָ꣬ıˣʦ֡
ʦ֡Ľʮ
ıæҡ֣ĿǺߣض񣬲ضտȻʦã
Ľһۿ͸ıӺȴЩԱԺܾнִ̿࣬Ҳǿ
ʦһָĽСӣԺˣʲôɣһָָ㡣
⡭⡭ıڰԥ
ʲô⣡ʦһۣӺɷл˵ƨͷţǶ
ıһĽܲ˼Ǻʦ֣ҡ
СҾˣʦְڰ֣ͷĵʦ֣óʦֵļʽ
ǣıͦͦš
Ŷʦĵͷӣѧһ书ɽҲ
ıͦţ죺Ҳǲ׺ɶģ
ʦҡҡͷ̾ǽɶνûС
˵Ż̾һæڰֵտȻҪķԸ͵һ仰¹ʲô֮ţֱɽ
ǣʦ֡ĽʮЦ
ʦɨһı¶ɸ飬ҡҡͷȥˡ

ıǸĬ֮ˣĽ˵࣬ǲãǲмȻҪͽλʦ֡
ȰԼһıҲ˵Լģ˺ܿǢĽףʵˣԳò
ıԭһСӣΪʦ½ʣӴӣϺãʹУΪŵӡ
Ȼ󣬵дʦֵڣҲû˸۸ңҲŲŲһ쵽ڲ԰ͷޣҲûʲô鷳
Ľͷֲи磬ԭǿ£ıøС
˵˰죬ıʼ˵ι԰ӡ
ˮʩʣݣջÿһԴѧʣС
罽ˮԼɽȥʩʣҲȥԺǱı˵ʱɫ졣
Ľæ׷ʣ֪ʩ˵ķ㣬ܰѬңҪȥԺȥķʡ
׺ɷΪԺԺԺеӣԺŮӡ
Ľզ࣬ݶ
ʮ߰꣬ŮѿȣãŮһ㣬Ī⣬Ը
񣬾ȥŮӵķ㣬ڶɱãίʵ̫пᣬңҲ̫ˣƾհ˱ԺŮһͷ
üҡͷ
ıæⲻƫ̻ԺԺġķ㣬ҲҪԺŮģ˭ҲǷ˭ġ
Ľͷüëչˡ
ıҲһ֪ΪΣվĽǰ֮У·Ŀѹһʯͷ
վǰԼʦ֣ʦܡ
ĽȻȻƽʱ΢ЦԻɢ˿˿ƣıеģоó

ŽͣǲñģҪһһİΡ
Ȼ˻ԼϢˣ˹ڡ
׺ɣˣģҪ书Ϊ֣壬
׳־ǶǺŬһйÿСȣһ÷š
ı󣬵꣬סڵ죬ֻҪһ㣬̤żˡ
ĽҲ֪ףٶıĿ࿴
һ˵
ıڷܣׯڻҲ䣬һĻˣҲĽٸʲô˰ʱ֣Ľı󣬻ԼСԺ
էһСԺʦվԺ俴


147 
ʦ㡣Ľʮһ
ض񣡡һźɫ䣬ȥɣʦʦ㡣
ǡĽ˵
ʦ㣬ͷ
ǰͨʧЧĺξ·һֱޱϲŭްû˵ĸ顣
ֻҪˣˣȻط
ʦȻЦӯӯˣĺȴξ޲ʦһ޶
ȻԴ书ϣȻĪ⡣
ͷǣʦԼе⣬˼⣬ͨûʲôãֻǧټƵĲ¡
Ӵ̫٣ɽһǶѣȫòʵ쿪Ψ֮Ծƶˮʯ

Ľ˲ʾǰһƳû˵ֱߵǰݡ
ʦ̫üʦ̫塣
ڰԣ۾ϰһ̣ụ̈ﾲš
Ľ½˲
ָָ߱ӣĽͷҲһӣԣۿ֡
Ľ״Ҳۿбһۡ
Ľװվüʦ̫һߣͷ̡
ռһۿȥ֪ʦУƲߵʦ̫ߣ˼⣬ƽ֮
⣬Ϊʦأʵǡǡ෴ʦȽƽȣɽʯֹȻͬ
üʦ̫Ⱥͣ糱һһƺ޾ʦɡ
֪ˣĽ⣬˲ò࣬ǲʶˣ̣Ūˡ
бĽװֻ֪ü˼
һʦ̫üʦ̧̫ͷʦ̫ЦӯӯտȻҲ壿
Ľͷͨһ
°ɣʦָָ̫֣Լӡ
ĽЦʦ⼸£Ͳ׳˰ɣ
·磬ΪʦӮʦ㣡ʦ̫ЦȻ
ĽЦͷ
ʦ̫ڳӣĽȥ
Ľüʦ̫棬ʮһ񣬵ʦҪˡ
üʦ̫⣬籦ʯЦѽʦҾ
ĽЦʦʤδ֣¹˭δΪ֪ѽ
üʦ̫Цһ֣ѽɣҵҪֶΣ

ĽһöӣЦеĿһۣһţջ֡
üʦ̫֣£ü룬̧ͷɫȻ
ʦ̫üҲ⡣
һ壬ͻأ
üʦ̫룬Ӧһ֣Ľɿһüʦ̫һҲӦһ
ĽһֱЦģأ࣬üʦ̫һֱ࣬ڤ˼룬龫ǡ
Լһʱ䣬ĽһӣЦʦˣ
üʦ̫ʧЦҡҡͷѺӷŻغУһտȻ
ʦ̫Цʦ㣬ѹҰ뱲ӣüһѣʹ죬
üʦ̫ЦտȻµίʵߣ磬޼ѰǸѽ
ĽЦǫѷɫȻ
ף֪ˣʦʦǿԼء
ʦ̫ЦӯӯտȻ˵һ촳һأ˵أ
ǣʦĽͷ
ȫɣ˲֪ඡʦ̫Ц
Ľʦȡ֮ӣղ񹦱ģء
ţ׾ͺáʦ̫Ц
´ĽһۣȻأ˵Ѿãķˡ
Ľһ˷ܡ
ʦ̫ϸӨ׵򢣬šտȻѧʲô书
˵ʦžѧĽ
ʦ̫ЦЦѧ
Ľʣѧ𣿡
ʦ̫ЦһҡҡͷѧˣֻŮϰһһ䣬ν벻ѧ
ĽЦʣΣ
ʦ̫Цӯӯĵ޳ɣʤٱ
ĽЦһ£޳ɹ
һ֪˾ȴǼģ޷޳ɵģղ񹦡
ʦ̫ҡҡͷ˾Ҳ׺꣬޳һˡ
ĽʧЦҡͷ̾ʦ߯߿ˣǰ˲޳ɣҲɵġ
տȻ뷨Ҫãʦ̫ЦҡͷӦǰδ֮ΰҵӺɷػ
ĽЦӺɷôӻ֪֮ģ
ʦ̫һۣߣ޳ɽղ񹦣ԷƱ
ʦǻԵɺϣġĽҡͷЦ
ʦ̫üԲݵÆ쿪ʼ
Ľ˿üʦ̫ͶĿ⡣
üʦ̫ЦտȻʦẦ㣬ſʵڲɣٸޱķ
ǣлʦĽ˿
СУִ򣡡ʦ̫һۡ
ĽЦЦͷ
һۣĮĵ¶һŹ顣

üʦ̫ʦã㴫տȻľɣˡ
ʦ̫ͷţҲá
Ľüʦ̫뿪֮ʣһĿ
Ľɻ󣬴ʦΪζԼˣ
ӦóǴϣ֪˾кθϵĪԼѧ˴вĵλ
⣬һĲ׺ţӦǴʦ㣬Լѧ˴ѵʲôʣ
һ룬ҡҡͷ׺ŮɣΣԼǵŵģңʦģҲ̰ջȨλġ
һҡҡͷᣬպŪɡ

תݣʦ̫ϣЦտȻԴѩɽ֮˵״
ĽЦЦҡҡͷЩŲá
ʦ̫ЦԹȴǲɣտȻԿ˵ܳɹء
Ľķ
ţǵҲǡʦ̫ͷЦ˵ѽɣΪŮء
ĽЦŸ͡
ʦ̫һתһ۵ٹԻ£
Ľϥ档
ʦ̫ȴӡͨӡϸϸ
˵գϸСֽһӡ̬ˣŵλãһʱׯࡣ
ĽһᣬӡΪָͨҲǳ֮һӡڵ¡
ʦ̫һ£ͷţȻԲٿһ顣
˵գСֽһӡĽѧһΣ˿ûв඼һ
ʦ̫ĵͷһޡ࡭ޡ
Բ󣬽ˣ⼸ʱȴ绻һˣ㣬Զңң
Ľһ顣
ʦ̫һһֵľ䷢Ǿܴģ֮壬ǧ
ĽͷЦʦǸҴ伮һɣѧһЩ
ʦ̫룬Ҳãһ
˵գƮ齣ΪһĨʧˡ
Ƭ̺ٴγ֣һľϻĴֵСֱӷŵĽǰ
ľϻĹ͸һ˿
ʦ̫ӻͳһԲΣԲһԲףžһ죬ľϻһ£ˡ

ƳѾɫ÷ϰһЩҶɫ֡
ĽȻҶ
ʦ̫Цһ˰ɣ
Ľͷ˴ѩɽ֮ԭ޷˾ȻǴԴѩɽģʡ
ʦ̫ʶã
ĽͷѧʦԴʦһĵĽվ
ʦ̫һָưɣСһЩĪˡ
ģûСıϧЩҶ
ĽȴףǼŽģû뵽˷ԼأҲ
ʳָָһűҶŵǰۿһõڶţɫһеʮš
Сķ£Ȼľϻ̾ʦĲɰ
ȫ״˾֮ڣԴѩɽһ㣬ηЦ
ʦ̫һ죬üۣنӺɷһû׳־ҲͿѣţȻ
ǳȰοֶξչĽͷ
ĽˣεĵͷҾԿɣ
Ŷʦ̫üЦ򣺡ԣʵڲɣѧģʦܿ㣿
ʦĽһǿЦЦ
ʦ̫ˬЦĵúɣؼ
˵գӯӯ뿪СԺ


148 
Ľϣ
֮Ϊ죬ԭвͬһҪǵõӣûӣ޿ɳɡ
绨ûӣһнԿգܳɾ͡
õ֮һܹඥʦֲӣѸݳɾͷõӣУȻ;ôԲ
ܵùඥҲһ㷨ţ֡
Լùඥܣʦ˵ʧڴѩɽҲ޴С
һֻз㷨ţԽ֡
ɷ㷨żޱȣ⹦򣬻ġ
ʦĥӲƣҪԼҲܹʦһƬģֻǿſˡ
ңҲмԾԾԣ뿴ܲܳɡ
޳˽ղ񹦣Ĵߡ

ӡԣȻ붨ȻѾһƽʱ졣
ҲԶѣӡԵһǰᣬӣӡԣˮʣûӣٶˮʩٶҲûá
ؼһӡ
һ÷ȱģȻԴȱĻΪŭŭһ
ͨ룬ҪΪʵ飬λԼ棬ձ˴ˡ
ڶԼϿգվУŴâ¶ͣ
ǽΪһ㣬Ž£Ŀڣ϶ΪһţҼң޷ֱ˴ˡ
ɡ
ٱչܳɾʹ
ӦΪԼǿᣬԹʵ飬Գ죬ȴ
˵ȱѣǴȱŭ޳ɵĿɲħˡ
һ֮֮һСģóΣղ
ȱģĽҡҡͷתӳеֻزʣΪۻԱΨбģȴ޴ġ
ҪȱģҪתݵĹίʵѡ
Ҳϴ󣬳ţöԺš
˭ͷźһ±¶ݺĴüͷ
㣿ݺһ³ߵʲô
ĽЦеĵϴ󣬿ɳԹˣ
ûأôݺһ䱸ʡ
һϴƺþĽһ촳һأصʧ糤˳ŵ˲֪
ҲףĽԼӦýϴˡ
һ飬ݺǺεţڴԼίʵɺޣɺޣ

ĽЦãҲûԣһȥ
ߣҪȥԼȥҿûй㣡ݺ᲻ͷİڰ֣תҪߡ
ĽЦеĵӣΪʦ֣񲻸ö㣬ȣϴܸаɣ
ƨȣʲôʲôʲôƨȣݺб۾ΪȻ
ĽЦеģǾʦһٺˣʦֲؿ
˵գһ̽ݺܣѾ׽סߡ
ݺֻһӴӿԼһҶСۣ޷ֱĳԺӡ
㡭㡭ҪʲôݺͰ͵Ľе
ĽЦеĵʦֳԷѽʦָҸӰɣҪƴǣ롪
˵գǰߡ
ݺɼģǺ죬ŤҪİѹȥ
Ľ̫Ϻ
ĽȻһ֣Цʦ֣롪
ݺȻԵӴ裬ȴɵϣ˿ЦеģЦ滢һðɣҾһٺˣ
лĽЦ
ߣݺŤͷغһȴͣȡ衣
ղһ£֪Լ򲻹˼ңС첲šȣʶʱΪܡ
שС˵һ죬Ȼߣһֱߵ죬Ȼһתȥ
ǱԺŮӾ׺ɵķþ
ߣڼӣŮӣȺӣĽ˺Ĵѧʳá
˽һֺĴʱǰһ
Բ񷶥ԻͼΧǽ׳ض
ǧˣһ̤ȥپԼ˼֣СޱȣŰϵ̺
ǽȥʱнڳԳԷ۷Ⱥ衣
׺ɵʳãԷػǮرÿˣܶУԹ⣬ʣ
Ľ̾з꣬Ӧýзˣɡ

һ㣬һһһ̵Ĳˣ׺ɵֻ̣ԼȡˣʲôɣֻҪء
˶ȡ˲ˣȻһſճ£ĽɨһΧŮŮһ𣬼Ŀæת
ҲеĵӴ󣬳΢ЦͷĽҲͷ΢Ц
ΧǶŮһһԶһһŮһ𣬱˴˵̸̸ЦЦ
ĽЦʦ֣ﲻްɣ
šݺһӣԵòֺ͡
ĽЮһС㣬ϸϸƷеӿԳף
ȻֻҪ˴˶ۣû˻ܡݺ᲻ͷĵһۣͷͿУ͡
°ӵĽԵúܹ񫡣
Ľͷٶ˵ͷԷΧĿ⣬Լȷʵˡ
Ȼ˵տȻտȻʦܣ
ĽתͷȥЦǺǵԭʦ֣
ıӣ¶Ц͵Ƴһݺᣬһ¡
ĽЦеĵʦ֣
£ݺỢߺߵ
ĽתͷЦʦ֣ߣû뵽ҲʱԷΪأ
ıСĽߣݺᣬ΢ЦҸ깦ȥտȻʦ㣬㲻ڡ
ĽЦʦҲ
һ˵Żһ߳ԷݺֻͷͿУһԲ
ܿ죬˳꣬һ뿪ߣ²ݺȴˮĽıȥ԰
ֵʢģλڸɽ֮ϣÿҪһˮĽˮˣıָúϸ
ӣüɣ糿ıȻݺ˽ȥæġ
ݺܿ죬һ¹Ѿڶء
µ׵СҲˡ
ĽҲҪμСȣȡ÷սš
ԣţԪɽ˴üʦĲ׺񹦡
÷׺ķΪ˹֮ɼһ㡣
׺񹦣Լƿɽһһʮ
ȴǳͲǰȱģŭ׹ħ


149 
絽һֱ԰ıһ𣬽ˮβݣݣٽˮȻʩʡ
һˮϳ͵ðΣ˲ݣְѵɹɣ͵ýˮˣܶʼ
ʩʣȴһűӡ
ʵʱй涨ڴ֮ǰ
Ȼıľ飬ԽԽã컹ûڣѣ·۾һֻҪѱסͳɡ
һЩ緹ͱԽȥ
Ľ޹۷ۣĵĶʶΪ죬ܵȻ֮
ı˵Լһ࣬ȴһֱûϰߣЩ緹Բ¡
һ³ԷͲȥ룬ԽǲԼ룬Խ̲ס룬һͶģԲȥ
ĹǲʣûΥֻǿ̶ģƴȥ
ʹ࣬Ծᡣ
ĽܵȻܷ֮Ӱ죬Ľ

峿Ľıݺߣ·ȻСԲ빬ƣŮźڶн£Ӣˬ
׺ɵŮ࣬ɫڵȴȣŮһ໥ӳԡһУסΧ˵Ů̲סſ
˪ĿбӣСԲȴЦȻͷͦأ罾С¹ݹ
һĽ˸ǰ
ĽЦʦ㣬СԲɡ
ߣտȻʲôɣСԲһۣߺߵĵӣǲ㣬ǲǾҸ
ĽЦڴﶼæСȹȥء
ߣСԲݺݵɰ
ݺı۾ֱˣ׺ŮɫŮŵӶȴǿɼֻԶ۵ķݶ
λʦ㣬ɫһֱǰŵֻÿһεСԶۣʱ䣬죬š
ޣƣʣ֮䣬ԼĻ궼Ҫˣ޷ơ
ĽһΧЦˣСԲԹ𣿡
СԲߵûأ깦
һȥԷΣĽЦ
СԲƲƲ촽ǲԸתͷơ
΢鲻
ðɣһأСԲߵ
ǿɶлඡĽǺЦֵʦ֣ʦ֣ҵĺѡ
ݺǣǣһ˭ѣ
˶ǰȴԼæЦǺǡǺǡλʦúãݺᣬտȻʦھӡ
ı࣬λʦúá

ŪˣСԲ빬ʦãʺãݺıһŪȴʦ㡣
ƻһ񣬵ģǧ֮⡣
СԲЦʦ֣տȻھӣ
ǣǡݺɵЦ
СԲˣЦǵԵԺûʲôŮ˰ɣ
ݺæҡͷʦʦ㣬ûбˡ
СԲһбĽһۣðɣһԷȥ
һ߽ȡ˷ˣһСԲ빬һһңռסԡ
ݺıҲʶȤ棬ͷֻԷ˵ż͵ƳһŮһ١
СԲߴߴ˵ͣż˵һ䣬Ľ΢ЦΧڵǾ治ѡ
ԹߣСԲտȻСûУ
Ľͷֻһ档
СԲСڱչأֱţܿأǵС
ĽЦУ
СԲЦѽһֻҪʮɽ·һȥ𻪳Ӿܺģ
Ľк棬СԲϸϸ˵ʼʱһһֻҪ̨ףʮˡ
ܹ֮Ҫȥ𻪳ӾȪҪʱȻһ͹ȥˡ
˵ԼˮԼˣھŵӣʱҪдһ£ҪˮԵͷ
ĽЦŴӦ
һ·ڣͣסСԲտȻֻ
ĽЦŵͷãÿ緹Ƕһ԰ɣ
ѽСԲæӦԲŹ⣬ЦʶȤ

˷ֿߣǰ²ݺٺЦտȻʦܣϵλʦõģ
ĽЦЦԼŮԨԴ
÷ʦ㣬ԭҲһģݺȻҡͷ̾÷Ǹõطȫôٺ٣
ĽЦЦʦ֣ȶˣ
ݵú˵ݺɫһ䣬æҡͷ֪֮һеģϴһСԲſأ
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Ƕ˵Բ⣬ߵ˶ʶĵԼ˽У˭Ҳռȥ
ݺһǲޣŤͷ
˵գ⼸ԱԺӣĽıһСԺҪЩӡ
ı̾տȻʦܣλʦ㣬Ҵûôôġ
ĽЦǣǶ˶
է䣬һͻأ𣺡˭˶
һȴµվˮԣ
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ʦ㣡ıæȭͷɫǺ졣
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Ľʮ΢Цһ񣺡ʦ㷼ݰ٣ʧԶӭ
俴ι󣬼΢Цɣ鲻䣬һ
Ľͷתʦ֣ȥȥ
ıæͷ͵Ƴһ£ͶһСĵУ쵽˴ʦⲻơ
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ʦȻƽʱĮ׷Ҳˣ˵٣Լ࣬
Ҳ֪տȻʦŴʦˣìܣһԼĽĴʦ㣬һǸεյĺѣƫ˭

Ľ³СԺߣһ·ϱעĿĿϡ
ÿµСȣǴʦ֣ڵУʦ߲ʣӣŮһ㡣
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Ȼٶȴ죬գ۹ĽСԺŽȥеС䳡ϡ
ͣסתʦܣҷʦ书
Ľʱϲæлʦʦ㣬֪ʲô书
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Ľ
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ͷĽȴĪ
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ĽЦԭˣʦˣȷʵɵģ书
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ĽҡͷЦʦˣɽղʵԵɺϣһ߶Խվм裬޹ء
Ƴһۣˣţðɣ
ϸĵľΪϸһһѧһ죬緹Ҳ׼ԡ
ĽǿᣬҲ˲ЪͣһֱϣĽȫѧơ
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ǼѧҲ˼ѡ
峿ʱ֣ϴ˰Ծɾ
ıȻкݺᣬȻȥԺкһСԲƣϺһɱ򷹵
ҪȻһ˵ǰ


150 ͻ
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ĽЦЦҡҡͷû˵

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ĽЦݺ᷸ȷʵٳ
ݺᣬĪ񣡡һվĿݺָһ򣬺аԵҲûʲôû뵽㾹ǸӲģûӺɷҶ죡
ݺţһɣŭȣӲСӣĨɾ˵Īȭͷˣ
ǰһŲ˻ǴңҲ㲻𣡡
СӣǷᣬӰƤݺǰһͷһȭѿ򵹡
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ĽҲЦûݺķ
ı˰ᣬҽ¶̣תͷƣСԲ˫۷Ź⣬ԾԾԣƺ޲ݺᣬתԴµĹƵᡣ
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Ľݺᣬıһ£Ȼһǰλʦܣ
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Ķݺᣬɱˡ
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ңԼֱԶһ˿ʹٲֱܷҲܸӦ
ЩȫʧЧʦ··⣬ڸӦС


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Ľ⣬Īʦ㲻ϲˣΪԼǳˣԲмԼݣ
ôһ룬ֲܿ϶ĺξ޲ͨ޷Ӧ
ټ֮һֱģѷ
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һǿȴһľͷУ˳ȥ
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Ե֮ʣݷһ֮伴ǵˣѾˡ
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ĽǺЦϣʦ̫ˡ
һɫһ䣬Ͳٶԣ¼ӽһнһУٶԽԽ졣
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ԼӦԼȭҲСʦ֮ˣ֮׿ɼһ㡣

˺СԽԽ죬ԽԽǿѾʹһָˡ
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ߣѵãµ˵ٿĻΪ⣬͸Ľ˫ƣĵؿڡ
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ĽüëһЦмλʦʦһԿˣ
ıҡҡͷֻҪû֮գʦʦǲֵģҲˡ
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ݺڰ֣ߵ蹷˭̯˭ù
ıЦùտȻֵúȥտȻҪСģĺˣҲҪͬھġ
ĽЦЦͷãһСġ
Խ棬ʶһ죬ʲô

ڳǩĽȻص÷÷Сȣ㣬ֻ˲ͬطͬѡ
ףЩСȣѧУԣʽһȳǩ׽Զʤ
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ܿ죬ǩϣʼԣ˵̨һһŮľǩȥ
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ǣһһŮ˸̨˫УŮŮսһţȭò֡
Ľʣղλʦλ
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û˵ʦָҽĽ
̨ŵģԺԺʦ½ʣʦФѩʦԽʦ飬ʦӢۣղŵʦ顣
ĽͷԽദǻˣʦ֣ʣüݣҲˣȷʵ֮
ʦӢƣ̫߶뻢Щѽ
ıָ䣺ⱱԺ正ʦȻ˵ˣжʦ쾲Өʦ磬ʦӱ÷ʦ㣬ӦóƱԺ
Ľͷ⼸λʦҲòʶأվŮӵУȷʵȺ
˵ŻѾֳʤ
һһŮȥı͵ǰշŵģտȻҪŵ
ĽЦŵͷͲÿϷ

ݺᣡ̨黽
ߣƽ˵ɢÿһλӶУš
ݺվ𣬴ǴȺ⣬̨̨̤վеǰ
ҲǸ꣬ݺỹ׳ʵݺᣬһȥһض
Ľҡҡͷδսӣʹ书ɾҲޡ
üʦܣ׼ô
׼׼ˣͷƮƮȥݺӡ
齣ü֮ˣս춷أη壬ʹˣͷˣ
ǣһͦ
ͷ¶飬һ֣ãʼ
һȭþȫ磬ֱײݺؿڡ
顱һ죬ݺһ
治ɫͷʦ֣г
ɫǺ죬һȭþȫֻݺһģһУ֪Լذܡ
񹦷ݺǰһײɳȥ̨ɳһ֣ʱһͣ䵽̨ء
ҡͷЦʦܣȭԽԽˡ
ٺ٣ʦֹݺԴЦǺǵȥˡ
صĽʱһҡͷ̫񫣬̫ˣ
ıЦֽʣݺŸһˣ
ǱָඣݺҡҡͷȻбĽãײտȻǾ͵ù
ĽЦĪҪ飿
ߣôݺţһɣмĺߵ
ĽЦеĵҲûʲôɣʹŬǱš
ӾģݺߵĽôɣӿҪ
ĽЦЦٶ

ʱţת۹̫գϣۣڵȴں
еǶƤ⣬ЩŮȴ⣬ȴգÿ춼ҪȪƤۣƣ⡣
տȻӹľǩ
ʱİٶĿ
һٶеӣһٶŮӣտȻĴǶϾտȻһһأ˲׺һˡ
ݺٺЦǳǸùӣ
ֻЦûıҲͬĿ̨ꡣ
겻Ӣͷһֱ΢ţбˡ
վ̨ϣ̨£俴Ľ
Ľվһţ̨̤ף˸̨ϡ
տȻʦܣ֪أĿĽ
ĽڵմӺʮһ񣬶ǣʦ֣׵ġ
ǺãʼɣͷһӸ첲һ
Ľվǰʮһ񣺡ʦ֣ˡ
տȻʦܴ׹̣˫΢УĿˡ
ĽЦЦˣ롪
УҲϻһȭ
Ľ˷̤ǰһȭͷǡǰӹ
顱ĽؿײָԶʯͷʯ׳ȥ
׺ףչ󷽣ٶȴ죬ڿнס꣬Ȼء
˫۱ţѾԲѣǱĽһײ
ĽЩ˼û뵽ڣȻȴôײһ¾ײ衣
ʦ֣ҪɣĽǸȻ
ҡͷ̾Ȼ鴫տȻʦܣʤˡ
ĽʮһֳմǺʮһ̨ȥ˵Ŀлصݺı֮䣬¼ۿ

ıԣûʲôÿģĽҲоݺΣ񫣬ûʲôȤ
Ծ书ʦдٿЩŵӣʵѰ۶ྫʽѲʦ㷪顣
һȤСһ㣬˫ֽӡʼ߶ȥԪ
Ԫ޷ƣ룬ѾȥһֻҪٽֻ±ȥ
Ԫʦʦ£ˮγһԲ򣬰סԼ޷뵤
ʱţԭˮ򽥽СһСȦףԼĹŹ֡
㣬Һ̣ʱţͣתΪˮ٣Ůµʼת
֪Уһ¹Ѿת˲١


153 ظ
ֻҪ߶ˮתһתˮתհٶȴ
ʧӿ죬ʦʦתӿ졣
һֻҪԼ⣬칦ƿԪ
Ϊ޲һ°ѼԪƿһֱܵĳ嶯޹
̴棬֪һôˣûʲôô
Ĳƿǿ
Ԫ򣬽˵õϣΣҲһžѧС
ϧէףҪȴѲ⣬ԽԽ侫Խ̽ԽԨĪ⡣
⼸죬ǱڴˣҪһ

ڷʱŵø죬عʱ̫գȿң絶ӡ
ĽһΧǸ˷ܣɴ۾̨ϣŲѣԼ̨֮ˡ
ĽҡҡͷЩĽ
ҡͷݺһֱдʱĺߵ
ĽЦЦû˵
ߣǲǾʽ򵥣ֵһݺƲ
ĽҡҡͷǵǣʽȻȴȱʵսҲɬ̫ǳʵûʲôͷ
ߣղһУ͵ѧҵģݺ᲻мߵ
ıЦѽտȻ͵ѧݺʽ
ĽǺЦͷţƳ
ϻݺĺߵ
ıտȻѧƣûҲûʲôΪβƣ
ĽЦеĵϧûüʩչ
ѸǰҲſ飬αݺǻĳЦ
ݺߵðǻȥдһ£Ƶ
ĽͷôˣϰɣҲʶһʦķȭ
ҪСݺƲ˵
ıҡҡͷˣĵݺûȤ˵ȭǷȭҲտȻʦܵĶ֣
ܿ죬ֵıȥ֮ΪɵȡʤֵݺᣬȥУҲ˶֣ȡʤ
գĽϳĶ졣

Ǹ꣬Լʮ߰꣬ݵĹŲҰɫʧѪģ
ֱͦ˫׶·Ҫ˵ĵס
ϳվĽǰûη壬͸˷ܡ
ͨʩչĽ쵽϶־Եͷʺ棬Żл̤۷塣
춷ض˶Ψö֮ˣܼǱԽԽǿ
˶־ܴҲɴ۷塣
ɽ֮·ƽ̹ģΣգ̤۷壬ŬҪһ
£֣ɵЦտȻʦܣɣ
ĽЦЦʮһ񣺡Ǿ͵ʦˣʦȳаɣ
Ȼģ᲻ͷϲԡ
СУ˫һţԾУ߳һӰӣӡĽؿڡ
ĽҡͷЦЦбһɵıܿ
ȴ룬Ľŷͷأڵһţ˫Ŷʱ׷ĽӰࡣ
Ľٴκˣ˫Ƴ𣬲ͣ׷Ӱ಻ƾˣ̨µ˿ʼȲʣĽŷ״μ
Ľܣƽʹݡ
̨˶һۣ¶֮ɫ
ŷȻȴʲôĽܵôᣬȴǰһ
˼⣬ݴȣԼʱ򣬾߱
ĽȻʦ֣ˣ
˵գȻǰһ̽ӰһԺСϡ
飡˳ȥͻأѸ١
Ʈڿнס죬¡
æվס²ˣ˫̯ҰʽĽ
ĽһЦʦ֣ǡ
飬¶Ī顣
տȻʦܹȻƷ˫̣
̨죬۷׷ףŷӦ

ݺڵվеԵģ̵ģҼûƤˣûôҪģɣ
ûֻǶĽ
ĽЦҡͷʦ֣ǺαأһСȰˣ
տȻʦܣ롪
ݺԵģ㲻ҪǻҪţ˶Ҹطȥ
̨۷׷ף˾̫ףɾ䡣
Ľ̾˿ʦ֣Ҳɣ
鵭ЦЦչûг̨Ϳɼ֣ʦȻȡɣֶ֣ҲΥ档
ĽЦˣֻܽˣ
ʦܻܿоѧûİա
ʦ֣롪Ľ̾
ͷС
˫ֳצץٶ죬ʯ˲伴Ľһ
û뵽û֧ţ־֮졣
ڳ֣˫ӭϣȻʮָһɢһ£绨ʢָצ
类ɣ˫צͣഹȥˡ
¶˼飬Ľ
Ľ֣΢Цʮһ񣺡ʦ֣ã
Լ󣬿Ľüôܣ
ĽҡͷЦⲢֻǻѨˡ
ʲô򣿡ʡ
ơĽ
һƣҸʰ·磡ת˸̨ݺһЦ
ĽбݺһۣݺסЦ
Ľֳմһָ̨һȻ˸̨Ŀԭλ

һ£ݺʹչǺЦտȻһû̫߳
ĽЦЦʦʤһЩˣȷʵ汾µġ
ıͷʦֵӥצȷһ
ĽЦŵͷѰǵסһץ
ղһץף˻߶һˣӦ
ıͷѽһУ֪˶ˣʤ
ݺһû˵ؿڣƺۡ
ıЦݺҲûһУǲǣ
ߣȥʲôݺûĵתͷĽտȻôŪģֱӰжˣ
˿Ȼ˫һ˾ʡ
ĽҲûʲôƵһʽˣβ
һȷʵԵĵҲʶȤݺͷѣĽ
Ľû飬ʦ㴫ĹҴڱˣ
ĽУСʵûʲôȤҲûʲôϡ£ȻŵӶﶯ֣ɱٿЩʵȤ᲻
ڣһС˹ȥ˾ŷ֡
ڶ峿ƣȷʵָǿԳΪѧ
÷Ȼ֣ǽԾġ
վĽǰһϮ΢ЦտȻɽظһ˰ɡ
ظĽȻ
÷ͷֵ̫ݣȥ


154 ȱ
Ľüû𣿡
÷˼ˣã˶ȥһβ֪ˡ
ҵ˲ˣĽüʡ
÷ҡҡͷǸߣҵ˾ͳˣ幫Ҳæˣܲһֱסš
Ľ̾˿ε˿ֻһݽˣ
÷ҡͷ˼ңʦɼλʦʦ㣬һȥݷúңú̸һ̸
ĽЦȻǴɷ緶һ£
÷ͷǣʦ˵ɸ겻Ϊã
ĽЦʦǸº͵ģ⵹Ҳûֻ֪ҵĺ̨һɣ
÷üʦ˵ǳ׽ɡ
볤׽ɹϵΣĽʡ
÷ҡͷǳңףϲ׺вУ׽ɶһֱǲġ
οɲĽ˼

÷ߵǰһĵʦ֣ʦ㣬ʦ㣬ڣӡ
ĽʣС㣬ûۼ֪λʦʦ书Σ
Ī⣬ʤʮ÷
ĽЦ
÷վ֣̾׺ɣ֪书֮ž֪ˡ
ĽһۣЦҿС㹦̥ǣ֪׺ķ֮
÷һЦͷǰ׺ίʵ죬һţǼġ
ĽͷڽմӣһɲԶʤԼƫƫᣬȻķ֮
ҡͷ̾ϢһԼţһӣһģ͸ֻܵŽţȻ׺ˡ
͸˴ɳһʱգúǱ˷ʱ䡣
˼Ԫ޷ˣϰڹķֻ⹦ղ񹦵ԣ˷ʱ䡣
ţʵڲУֻƿԪ͵͵ˡ
ҪƿԪһҪʹ˾Զ֮Լ֣һ֣ػ¶ڡ
ڶǶ㿪ʦ£ɲ⣬һܷԼ״֪ƿ˼Ԫ

˼ά磬ʤıƬ֮Ѹ档
÷տȻһɽɣ
ĽЦЦС㣬ŵӣɽһŵӣǲ׼ɽġ
ҿʦæ÷
ĽЦҡͷɹޣʦɿڵġ
÷ڰ֣ˣ˵𲻴Ӧɣ
ĽЦȻӦǣ
컬࣡÷ЦбһۣߵһһֱСԲһɣ
Ľͷţÿ糿һԷ
á÷ͷڱչصʱһֱģСԲͷһңǻңغ֣СѾͷûңݹڸﻹҪã
ĽǺЦСԲǸӣ˭ңŮӺУˮඡ
ɲǣ÷Цҡͷ
βһ𣿡Ľʡ
÷ڰ֣ˣڴܵ飬ҾôžǴ˷ʱ䣬ɽһ
üʦ岻֪ôģװ׵飿
ĽЦЦûж˵
£ʦѾԸҪܣȻ죬ңܲɣʵûġ
ȱģȱģҵĪϤ˵Զ£ףԼлǲѽ
ҡҡͷôȱģԼǲɣþз𷨣֮УһŹ۷дȱۡ
˵ȴûҲûҵʦԴʦĴڡ
ţԿףн֮ɽ֮󣬿ȥѩӡ̡
뵽Ȼɽ֮ðҲɽһߣͷСˣ
ҲֻԿϾɹ治Υ÷
÷һˣɭϣͷԳ֣׹֮Ҫײ
ĽȻ뵽ôãȴһû˵ڱչҲ֪ʲô书Ȼ档

÷˵˼䣬뿪ˣĽźıЩ꣬ɽؼҿ
ãһڣԶţ΢ϰңͺ޲˫ɻؼˡ
Ȼųȥֱ޼ȥ
޼̨վˣӣŮӣԶһΨƮ
Ҫǽף˺Ȼǰһһ¼ס̨м䣬޷ͨУתӸĽ
Ľʮһ񣺡տȻš
һԼʮ꣬˫տտ纮ǣĽ΢ЦԭտȻʦܣԺ򡣡
ǺĽͷת̨ף޼ȥ
˰Բ죬ʦ۾ǳͷϵģˣɫ̫
տȻտȻôЩ죬ȻԭտȻ
˵ĿĽתתȥƺһֵĶĽ΢Цԣ֪ͨǺ档
һˣͷɲģĽԽоԼͷеˡ
һŮտȻʦܣһһأֱأģ
òƽֻ֮ˣදźɣ׽֮С
ĽЦŵͷǣʦ㡣
Ůʡ
ĽЦеĵȡɰˣк档
ŶԭˡŮȻ
кźռ˵ģǸаԵһݺ᲻ҲṦ
ЦտȻʦܣݺһ
ĽЦƽְɡ
ǫ飡ݺ϶򲻹㣬ȻҲôʵŮЦǵĿ
ĽǺЦЦû˵Ĭϡ

ǰȭտȻʦܣʦ룡
͸ʦ֡Ľʮһ
ոߵڰ֣ЦӦõģлȥɣ
Уˡ
˺һ̨׵мóԱĽͨ
ղŵŮѹտȻƢãҪСӴ
ĽЦŵͷǡ
˵գֳһ񣬻̨ףܿ޼
޼Уߴİ£ʦ̫ϣطأ۷ʣ籦鷢⡣
ڿյģտ쳣ûбİ裬ʦ̫Ľڰ£ԽС磬ӯӯһ䡣
ʦĽ̤ʮ
ʦ̫ƺ˼֡
һЦݹѩ˼֣ĽĿѣ֮УԾʦ֮
ȻһʥϾ
ʦ̫ףɡ
ĽӦһǰŲһţ棬岽֮š
ʦ̫бһۣЦСУӵ󣡡
ӣ޲Ϊݹ壬ӣҲţ޷޵ķйء
ӵãȴǴֵԼ档
ĽǺЦʦǰʲôСôʦأ
ӡУһֱʦǰ粽룬βһȴˣ֡
ʦ̫Цһۣչ˹ؼʱΪСȣѾ鼸ˡ
Ľһ룬ˣЦҵʦ㡣
ʦ̫Ц֪ͺãѾͷȣպദס
ĽЦŵͷȣȻȻʦ䰡

ʦ̫ˣܿ͸˼Ц㻹ƫؼ
ĽǺ棬æʣʦʦʲôƫ
ʦ̫ʶһ㣬һ棬͸֮У񱾾Լʦ
ʦ̫Цҡҡͷⲻܸ㣬ˣٸϸ˵
ЦݲŹŹ֣ǶСŮ
ĽεͷǣǾʦɽ
ɽʦ̫һҡҡͷɵģŵӲ׼ɽǱʦ
Ľȥݷһλɮѧȱ۷
ȱ۷ʦ̫Цȱ۷ҵͨһ
ĽȻʦҲŮѽˣĿתĽޣߵŮһ
ĽʣʦĴȱ۷ɴɣ
ûͨѡʦ̫ҡͷ
Ľһæݻӳֵѩӡᡣ
ʦ̫һۣۣǲΪʦķ𷨲
ĽǺЦʦѩӡķ𷨸
СӣʦûûСģʦ̫Ȼһ䣬ٿһӹĽ˸ͷ
ĽţǺЦ¶Ρ
ʦְܻܲɣңҲ򲻹
ʦ̫飬콿ЦЦˣڰСֵðɣȻȥ뿴


155 
Ľ˿ٺЦʦϣ𣿡
ʦ̫һС֣ȥȥ룬ˣ
ĽЦһԳȥˡ
ʦ̫뿪һЦЦ绨ҡҡͷСһȤԼһ⡣
֮䣬ĪĸӦϲһˣԷоõҲĪϲ
ϲԼˣģԾҲϲˡ
ĽѧѧѧҲΪԣǳ֪ʶҲãңʦ̫оϲ
޹غ书һʦ̫ϴϢԡ

ʦ̫³
׺ȷʵһأŵӲɽǱŵӣǸѧ򣬾Ͳ֪ߵغ񣬴˻
׻˵úãһƿˮƿˮεЩ书ģ֪죬ˣǫѷ͵
Щ˵ƤëģԼ˲ãүϴԼ϶˭Ҳ壬úݶ¡
Ȼ׺ʵۺʮ㣬һЩ۵ģǲ׺ɵģȡЩŵӵ
ŵ书΢һ֮֮δɱˣ챻˾˸ϵش
һ׺ɵȱɹ棬ŵӲɽ
ʦ̫˼⣬ΪտȻ˹أ᲻鷳Ҳ˵λʦʦõķԣŵӻ᲻ĸ꣬
ҡҡͷ£šʦһؾ͹ȥʦ㿴ºͣȴִ
£ȻŲ̧ͷһȻЦʦ㡣
üʦ̫ڰ֣
ʦ̫ҲǿǷǷûЦʦôйһӲô
üʦ̫ҡͷʦ壬Ҳ̫ˣ
šʦ̫һԡ
üʦ̫ûĵѾˣ㲻֪ɣ
ʦ̫һ¶ͷЦң¶ˣΣڼˣ
üʦ̫ЦҡͷСѾͷҲ˵Ĳ㡣
Ȼţϲʦ㣡ʦ̫Ц
̾Ҳǵ㣬ʦ²ඣ
üʦ̫Ц۾ǿ
ºͣЦҲ΢ЦѣЦôġ

üʦ̫ЦһʦҲԻյĵӲȥ
ʦ̫ЦտȻѽСӿŴ˵ʵýѧƣҪһһҹ򡣡
üʦ̫ͷţҲ˵ˣտȻСģʱˣֲ
Цеʧֲȴ飬ʩչԪ
СӣҲһǴʦ̫Ц
üʦ̫ţڣɼӹȥ
ңʦ̫üߵǸųһңǰ˵Ŀܣ
üʦ̫ͷǰҲСˡ
ôĵӣʦ̫üһɷӿ֣ߵ֪ǵˣ
üʦ̫ҡҡͷѾ֪ˣ򣬲Ϊһˣ
ʦ̫ɷ֪ˣôƣǱߵ˼ִҪһˣ
üʦ̫ͷţƽʮ꣬ҲˣҹƣҲ⼸Ĺ򡣡
ʦ̫һƬ̧̣ͷʣʦ㣬ô죿
ҿţȥ̽һʵüʦ̫ЦþӨнһ÷
ʦ̫ŵͷšнţӨ侲ǿɱݡ
üʦ̫ˣտȻһɽ
ʦ̫ЦһСһǽƻ
ôüʦ̫һ漴ЦҲ֪ŵӲɽ˵տȻСһϻ쳣ŲߣԶԶ磬ǸΪãܳ⡣
Ŷʦ̫üһЦԭտȻıԣ
üʦ̫Ц˵տȻСһ˲ãµľ֣潻֣ɱ˺ҵļ֣ȥ͡

ȷʵʦ̫Цͷһ˳ľɣСһҲǸĺģտȻǺѣ
Ƕ֣տȻɱһͽľһسӡüʦ̫ҡͷ
СһҪãʦ̫ЦľСһ˵°һˣ޵ôħȭһеĵһ֡
ţտȻʶħȭüʦ̫
ʦ̫ЦСһز¶أ
üʦ̫ͷЦɲǣҲŷģտȻ汸䲻ȥҲһ档
ţǾȥɣʦ̫Ц
üʦ̫ϲӢ
ʦ㷢ĸҲ񣿣ʦ̫ЦģǻģտȻСһһˣҲѰĹ
üʦ̫Цţˣ
ʦ̫ҡҡͷûʲôչСһ˵ȱɽѩӡᣬѧһѧȱۡ
ѩӡ᣿üʦ̫Ȼ漴Ȼˣǲμӳ·ĸɮأ
ʦ̫ЦɲǣСһｻεʶٴ
üʦ̫ʣȱۣʦ㲻𣿡
ӣܸѩӡȣʦ̫ҡͷЦ书Ͽûиָ㣬ܳɵġ
üʦ̫ͷǵҲǡ
ʦ̫ǾɣҸСһ˵һɽ
üʦ̫ͷãԽԽã÷Ǳ߶סˡ
Ǿͽɣʦ̫һ
òüʦ̫ͷ
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Խһ񣬵һʦãǲ׺ɣ
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СһװɵȻǽղ񹦣ȷʵʦ̫һۣ̾
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üʦ̫ʦã˵䣬տȻȵϢɣԪˣЩɬͣõϢһӡ
ʦ̫ЦðɣտȻϢɣʲôҪ׼ģҽ˰׼ˡ
ĽСԲ빬ʦҰɣ֪ôʰġ
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лʦĽʮ
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˵գ뿪˴Уݲȡ

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էһϢתԪپë˿˿һӿȥ
Ƕʳһĳӿһһ±󣬰ѵռڲͣ䡣
һƤ򣬱ѹ֮һһӷø㡣
Ľ񲻶Թб죬ֻǿתˮתӴɽȥΪˮ
ͣתԪҲתһ˿˿ɿӿɶ˻޷ˡ
һΪˮǴһȦˮǴȴСֻǸӾӨ͸ĽŨ˼֡
ĽעΪһ壬仯ָƣȴЩĪ֪Ϊη仯
ѲɣһеĸԴΪԪΪμԪļƷһ㣿
˼⣬ˮԽԽԽԽŨǧë׶Ԫ˿˿ĵף
֪Ԫôǿô죬ѷھķˣֻԼ򲻵ˣ
ԭԪĸԴ֮ԴȪڵ
һֻȻϲ
ģԪʼ˿˿ƵԪ뾭ǰһͳ壬Ƶһ˿˿Ʈȥ
СһȦˮΪһȦΨ䣬Ծư㻷ơ
Ľۣ˫۽һ

ʦ̫棬ΣȻСӣѽ
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157 ·խ
ӱһЦҡҡͷտȻʦܣôĿӴ
ĽЦЦӱĵĴۣЦʦ㣬ҪǱһΣ
䲻֪ӱṦΣԽеһ֮ṦҲģϣԼɼڵմӵṦˮ׼
ӱߣտȻʦܣ㲻󣬵ҲС
ĽЦеĵʦɸң
ף˵ҪԲҲ֮㣬˭Ҳ޷˷
ΣʵڲôͷģƣòΪ

Ⱦͱȣ˭˭ѽӱߣĵתתЦұԿһصģ
ʲôأĽЦʡ
ӱߵҪжע
ʲôעĽЦеģĵĿ
ӱⴽߵ˭ˣ˭ſڵѧСУ
ѧССðǽмĽЦʡ
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ԽæҡҡͷʦãտȻĿˣȡ֣ʵʵ˵
ʦ֣ӱţᣡУҷҪտȻһȣʲô
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Խæڰ֣ЦʦãտȻʦܣȻҪȣʮΪޣ˭ȵ˭ʤΣ
ĽЦʮãԶ
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ӱһ漴ŭЦʲôѽǲǾռ˱ˣǺðɣʮ
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ѩȻ͸Ľ˼ʦЩ̣ΪʦСԲ࣬ÿʣϲ
Ľʦ㣬ǿʼɣ
ߣʲôӱתԽʦ֣ɵǰ棬˭֪ӮѽƤ
˵ŻбһĽ¶м顣
ĽϵСӣҡͷЦЦҲ˵ֱ磬ֻ֣ʾԿʼ
ðɣڿʼɣӱߵ
ʱѾźӱ֪ٶȴҲ죬ʩչṦ
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˵ŻæνʣУɳ̲ϻһͼ򵥵ɽ
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̾ʦ֣ٽȥտȻʦܲسֱǣʦѾˡ
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쾲Ө˼ֲʦҪţṦ㲻УϲΪۡ
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˷ÿһϸ·𶼻˹޲쳤ХԼһŮңôҽУʵԽסˡ
ԽԽ죬̤Ṧǲ׺ɵľṦʩչ̤˶еζ
Ժֳ︡һ棬ĽſڵϣĽУһСһ뵽Цⴽ
ȻǰһһϮæתͷȥȴǰĽӰӡ
һĹĽʧڶʮ⣬һʧˡ
ӱĨĨ¼Ӿٶ˼֣κĹ򣬵ִһС⡣
СƷ£ЦվһˣɫɮƮƮվţ˫ֺʮԼ΢Цһ
ӱɫһ±ˣɴ㣡
ĽЦеĵͷʦ㣬ң
ӱƺסˣι̾˿ߵӮߡ
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˵ҲŲˣӱһ˿ܡ
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ĽĿɿڴУһʮȻڵվһܣãûˡ
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ĽЦһӱȻ׺ɵĵմӣѰš
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ԽҡͷΪѵĵʦܣһʱ̣ЪһЪûо񣬼㵽÷Ҳ֡
ĽЦҲۣͣʵڲ
ԽԾҡҡͷһ˲ɣҲģһ϶֣һ˶һ
ĽЦ϶֣Ǽһûɶ𣡡ˣֻһϣ
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ǣʦ֡˱ȭɫ
ʦֵܼתҪȻһЦСУԩ·խѽ


158 
Ľɫ΢䣬תͷȥЦ
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Ƭ̺ЦСУôòһֱţ첻ˣˣ
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΢۾Сӣвң
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һСʧҵҪյҡͷЦ
Խ̾˿ˣֻܵǰˣ
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ĽǺЦ˵ʦ֣ʦ֣ʦ֣ʦ֣һսǰֽ̼У
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159 
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˵գȻһȭһΣʧԭء
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ףȻˣ뿪һ⣬ܿĽȭͷæȵĶ
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ҿԽĽᣬȴܰƳףɼ佣֮
ԽǸѵõĺˣĽ̾ղһ֮ʣԽȻһĽȶ顣
Ľ֪Լ츳ǿѧȻһЩһѧˣ仯Ϊ֮С
ֻҪԼѧþĽ¿๦ȫΪܣؽҲѷԽˡ
̾ţѾֳʤˡ
һ죬նָףԽ类ɣһֱסΣϲ죬˾ơ

ʦ֣ӱæǰסҪҪ
ԽЦҡͷ̾ʦãصģûµģȭȻ鴫
ǵûѪζܣܾûܴˡ
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ԽЦ̾Ϣһι󣬲ŵտȻʦܣܶԲסΪұµ΢ʵڲɲġ
ĽЦʦд˽ίʵҳԾ
ԽЦЦʦܵȭṦҲܳԾġ
ĽЦ͵ѧǰģֻһЩƤëϧǰǰվǳԿġ
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Ľһ֣ס쾲ӨӱٴˣҸǰһ߰ɣ
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ãɨһۣߵҵ뿴Соܷӵ
ĽЦЦǰҪСġ
ҪСĲǣ治ΪȻ


160 ս
Ľһ
ĺ׽ԼȡϴεĽѵֱӷԼĹȻԼֽŽ
һнղ񹦻壬Ҳá
߰ɣ浭ߡ
ѾĽʵһΣĲĽѡ
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ʦܡüͷ޷Զ
Ľæʦ֣˳ƶΪΪҵģ
ɽ޷Զ̤ɨĽ֮ǰ˫ơ

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Խ쾲Өӱ̤ǰվǸǰ棬Ц
ЦôҲҪһţ
ԽȭǰʵԸԶ٣ǰ뿪ɣտȻʦݺȥң
ЦЦտȻԼȥ
ԽͷҶ÷һֱݣ÷ʦ˴ʦմӣݲͬµȻݷúң
ҡҡͷôĿ
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ʦ˵ǡ쾲Ө
ԽЦˣʦãʦãһǰĸаգǰˡ
ҡͷЦϻ˵ְգ裬ǲ׺ɲһȺǶң
Խɫһ䣬Цȥһۡ

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ƷΧԽԽСѱƵֻһ׷Բ·һţ̶ִţһֱƿ
ԽԽӨ·ıһ纮âտտŹ⣬ɷǰȻͬ
ŮƮƮýʸǶȴ絸Ŀѣԡ
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÷ҡͷҲԶһֻרעķʦ˵ٺãҪķǲ׺ɵ书죬ȫķ֧ţķεͣѳɡ
ĽͷҲɻ󣬵ӮӱѾ²⵽ӱԼһ
ȻûһµļԪǼ֣ȻǱȲӱģҲԵɺ֮¡

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ʦ㵽˼㣿Ľʡ
÷ɣʦƢõģĻһķң㲻Ҫ⡣
ĽЦΪ׺񹦣
š÷ͷ̾׺󣬵Ҫ󼫸ߣʦͣͺһӣһֱ޷ͻƣܿգʦʦɽһܹͻƵ㡣
ֲáĽЦЦʣʦֵڼˣ
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ĽЦһ
⣬ʦǿᣬ֮ԼԶԶҲԼȼ䲢硣

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˵˵ЦЦУ֪ţת۹ȥˣҪ뿪÷ǰҡ


161 
Խ쾲Өӱ÷Ľһˣ뿪÷˽ǣһ·
Խɷ
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Ľӱ쾲Ө񹦡

׺񹦣񹦣˲׺ɵķν岢УУһ
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׺񹦣ףɾѣҲȴѷһ
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ĽӱʱƳһǰ棬˼΢Ц˼ȴԽ
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ʦ㣬ʦʦ֣书ǿ˭÷ʡ
һֱæ׺񹦣еҲһֱץס
ȻǴʦӱ
÷ȻǴʦ𣿡
ʦ֡ӱЦҡͷʦֱȴʦԶţһεģ˵ʦ书ʦ壬ʦǿһأ
÷üȻ
ӱЦҲûʲôֵģ˭ôʦأ񹦣һҪһһٳɵġ
÷ʣǵĲ׺񹦿ܱȵù
ȲġӱҡҡͷǣھŲ㣬ʤǲ׺ɣŶһġ
ԭˣǴʦһඣ÷
ӱͷȻ
˵쾲ӨһԾţһߴĽԽ

ĽԽòֺڶ˽˸಻
Ľһһ׵ĻǬ˽ٺལὣ诽
ÿ׽ԽǰȴȻʧɫ
Խֻʩչһ׽Ӧ䡣
дݲȣչ󷽣ŻУʵȴ죬Ĵ켴֪
ԽĴʺֻǵ㵽Ϊֹ֣ʮңĽѾнԽ֮ʣһ㼴ơ
Ľ˼һãһ߳һ˼ĽԼĽʱ֣һСʱȻ١
ĺɫҰСǰĽսʮлʦֳȫ
տȻʦܹȻԾˣԽЦҲ˽
ŮЦЦԽķȣĽιУָ㣬ڴڵӡ
Ľŵӣ䱻£书ɵմӴڣҲǵˡ
СЪһڿջУĽָ쾲Өӱд衣
ĽΪ֮һԼĽߣҲ˽һ˵书
ֻһʶΪա
λͣ˵㡣
ڶ峿ŹٵУȻһգһС·ǳĽ·һɽ
Ѱ˵ɽ̫ߣ·У֮η;֮˺ؽ磬ƣС·Ǽ׵ġ
˶ԣȴ˿塣
յС·ǰĽȰԽһأĪҪС·ĴܲСӣ֮Ϊߴ·ɡ

⻰Խ쾲Өӱ
ӱߵտȻʦѽ㲻ǸСģΪʲôѽһȺëȥ
ĽЦʦ㣬ëǺ֣־ңûˢӣվסţ
ҲᵱӱڰС֣ĲΪȻ
գ˹ϵƣĽǵСˡ
쾲Ө˿ҡҡͷû˵
ɽ쾲ӨĽ˵Ļӵһ𣬲ʮѡ
ԽտȻʦܣȻСһЩ޿ɺǣ·ߣǿʡһ칦򡣡
ĽϿҵĵʦ֣˼УһȥңһЩġ
ԽЦЦҪģܣṦȥǡ
ʦ֣ˣ˳ʰ˶ãöǣӱƲƲС죬мĺĽһۡ
Ľ̾˿ҡͷ֪˵棬Լ΢ᣬ׻ǵλ̫ͣʹҲûʲôá
÷ʦ֣һҲ޷ϴһܣȷʵ׺ǳ
ʦãҲ߯Сӱߵ
Խ룬ǴС·߰ɣһȥʦʦǾ͵һ죬߰ɣ
ӱһʦӢ
˵գԺĽһۣƲƲС죬ʾӡ
ĽҡͷЦЦٶ˵
쾲ӨһĽ۲˼
һڻǽС·ǰһΡΡɽֱƶˣ뵣ơ
ߵɽʱȻһ㶣æһҽдԼԼƮǶС
ãߣԽɫһ䣬ΪһỊ̃СУתۼʧҰС
ӱɴתͷߣȴѾûĽӰӡ
쾲Өüȥɡ
ã߿ߣӱæҡҡͷСзӦҲ

Խ·֮ʱǰ龰˫۶ʱҧ
ǰһĻңɢʮʬףˣСиŮ״ң׶
Ѫ죬ԶִһѻС
ƬǰĲݵϣͣ˸ӳܣȴʮΧĽ
Ľʮ˰ΧУ硣
˫ָһһڽһ潣γһԲ֣ԼȫסȻһܲ͸硣
ʮ˹öͣĽֻԪˮ
ԽɨϣŭһտȻʦܣҲ
һХȺС
磬ףÿһȥˣ޿ߡ
Խһ֮УЩˣºٶ֣ȴû֮Σ·顣
Ľʦ֣Щαţɱ˾ǣ
Խҡͷҧ׺糸ĽУ˵ɱǣ̫ʹˣ
Ľҡͷ̾Ϣٶ˵һ䣬ʱֻΪâ½£Ⱥ
մ֮ˣǷ˳ȥʩչӴӳڽϣĽƵӿƵ̣ˡ
ߣɵסߣԽ˸һЩ
ʮ˷ӦʱѾ¡
ԽͷţտȻʦܣ㣡
Ľҡҡͷ̾ƾһˣҪȫߺѣȫƾʦֳ֡
һ쾲ӨŮˡ
Խߵһ꺺Ӹǰʲôˣ
꺺ЦһŤͷȥ
һҸ첲Ѿ塣
Խָ磬ʣʲôˣ
ޣ꺺ӼŤˣԽ
Խһ壬Ѫգ۹ѵʪ


162 
꺺Ȼ˫һ˹ȥ
Խҡҡͷһǰżͷʲôˣ
Ǻܣæ
ͷһ֪ζһôܣն˸첲Ǹңúǰ
ܣԽתͷĽ
Ľҡҡͷû˵
Խʣϳ
ڡǱߵɽһ£ָһɽΡΡʣʯݲ
Ľҡͷ̾ת˰
ҽһ壬Ѫӿ
Խ£סѨֹסѪ

Ľ̾һƾ⼸£ѰĵѨֹѪû˿ڣúһȫֹסѪ
Խһ˵ѣжұۣ
ȵ̵ģҪɱҪı㣬˵ʵĴΣ
ԽɫƣһЦһѪ֣ұ壬󣬽һ㣬Ȼֹ
ԽһˣǸݵˡ
ɫĮ߽ԽϷһ˿΢ЦһָһɽϳҲкܣկ
ɽղſָɽǡ棬
Ľһ˲뵽ɽ̫ˣôһ·ˮޣܲһʱˣȻ
һկЩ˺ӣûз֮ǾɱɾҲկԽҧ
תͷȥ̾һ
ԽתͷĽĽͷ滰
Խģźһ㣬ŮЩ죬СҿĲ״
Ľ̾ʦ֣Ǹʹգ
ԽҡͷУߣûôף
磬Ʈȥһһת۹ʮ˵˫۶նҽвѡ
ӱһţĲ̡
ĽҡҡͷᣬɢʬǰһӣһһŽȥȻվǰʼо
Ȼׯϣֲ飬ֺʮ΢˫ۣ飬һһ֣Ʈ㾲ĺγ޲

ԽɫƽĽһۣǰ˸£ȻΪһ̣ӹˡ
У˸ʮ˷׷ױһڡ
ӱŮɱǣ׷һȻɱ˿£ܱȻĥ˺һЩ
Ľְ˳ˡ
ĽԽҪȥɽϣ˵ϳ̾˿Ȱʦ֣˰ɣǻǽŸ·ɡ
ԽҡͷɫȻƽˣĿȴᶨЩˣϣ֪ҪˣûգˣҪնе
Ľһ£ǻٳ񣬲˼졣
Խҡأü𣬽ĽտȻʦܣǳˣҲ֪ħǹ
Ľ̫̾ڴС
ԽҡͷΪȻĵﲻûʲôϵģǴŲ׺ɣ¶޶ԣһ书
Ľҡҡͷ̾˿ٶ˵
Խԣ˿ת쾲Өʦã㿴أ
ţЩˣСϲŹûԣ㲻ˣɱò쾲Өͷ
ǺãǾ͵ƽɽԽһ֣ѵõĺ󷢡
ɽӴŰ׮ûɽѾţӣΧɱ
Щ书ãȲ׺ɵȴԶ͵ϣһֱһɽկǰ
ɽկţߴΡ룬һС¥¥ɷǳ
¥ϹһңƱ鲼֣塱
ֽɭɭ
Ľۣʱüʦ֣˴и򣡡
šԽתͷտȻʦܣ֪и򣿡
Ľһָʦ㿴ǶңдΰȻǸΪ
ԽҡͷЦдһֺ֣Ǹ֣տȻʦܣܶ鷨дǧƫƫ޸֮
Ľͷٶ˵֪˵棬ֻ̾Ϣ£һԣǻ۵Ȼ޴棬޴ޱȡ

Խվկǰկ壬ƫƫ֮Уµ˲׺ɵӣеկ
ƽͣȥ顣
ɽկûжһļžԽȴõʮկź棬ֻԼȥһɱ
ûжԽЦһȻһһʯͷԼƴСڵȥ
顱һ죬կŻ£ҡ
ûж
ԽЦת·ߣվһ˸ʯͷ棬һկţȻһʯͷ
ʯͷЮŷɳײ¥ϡ
꣡Ҷϳض
ʯͷƲ¥˳ȥ䵽կڣʱһҽС
¥ķѣһ׺ɵմӵı¶һֱӻկš
һȺӿת۰ΧסһߣͨͨӣԲĶӣͭĴۡ
۵ͷͺͺһƬĽ£ûн̣ȻǺУͺͷ
һɣŭȵ׺ɾˮˮ⼸СΪ˵ң
һˮˮҲ䣿ԽһЦЩˣԣ๼ٷϻְգ
鼤ȻŭȣƽȻ෴·һˣӱҲĿ
һ۾ڰ֣СӺôĿѽ·
Ⱥ˶ʱԼһˣ˫۾â˸֣϶Ž׷׳֣гĽ˵
ԽЦ磬˷һ³ȺУǽȺÿһжһ
ĽҲһÿһ㺮Ƕ޲
һգ۵ĹĽѾɱ˶ʮˡ

ͺͷߺȻХһеϣ֣
һ̾ϢһС
ԽһݣֻǰһѾ֡
Ľ̾һ֪λڳˣվ÷ߣС㣬Ҫƴˡ
š÷ͷ
ĽߣСɫɿݣһʱᱻ紵ߵͷӣ֮
Ƥƺ˯ȥˣվ˵ĿӶ
ַһ̧̾ͷ
Ľ΢ۣߣһ˫羹ӥ·𶼾һ˫ϡ
Сһˣ߰ɣ߰ڰ֣̾Ϣ˵
ͺͷæϣЩ¡
ҡҡͷֻΣգ߰ɣ߰ɣĪҪٲǰ
ǣϣͺͷ߹Ӧתߡ
Խһصס·Цߡ
ͺͷָԽ۾ЦСӣǵˣպ㣡
˵գȻǰߣ·Խ͸ġ
Խһ̶ֱͺͷȴ㲻ܣǰ
һ죬һСʯӷɳ
Խ֣ڿзĿɿڴŵĶųϡ
ͺͷߴ߾ĽЦһһŲƳһ⣬ϷɳһСʯӡ
͡һХУСʯӷͺͷߡ
ͣž죬һСʯӷײΪĩƮߡ
Ľһͺͷ̽ư

͡һХСʯġ
ֳƣⱻСʯУ֪һʯӣԶϽ۹ǣ֮Σ
ĽٿһᣬһܹСʯӣδ䡣
ͣһХͺͷ߷˳ȥĽĿգ֮塣
ͺͷ߷ɳԶأ濴һۣŤͷܣṦ䣬תۼ仯ΪһСڵ
ĽҪ׷ϣСʯѾϷ·ʮ֣Сʯһɳӵһ㣬ǿѹǴ
Խû˽ŮҲ֪ãֻṦܣ߾ȫвأʯɡ
֪˶ãСʯӺȻˣҲû˳ϵӰӡ
Խ̾˿ɫ
ĽҲҡҡͷû뵽Ϲ˾
Сʯϸŵޱȣ仯Ī⣬еĴеĴеϣ
һʯӰɣ˿ˣ¯֮࣬
Ľ⣬ʹҲᡣ
˶ܹˣֻʣһЩϸ棬Բɱ֣ɽ޾ɵġ
Խһ칦ͻָˣ¶΢ЦºͶǰ졣
ĽĿ࿴
ÿ˻⣿ģںɱˣɱˣûʲô
ԽȻмǿ׶ȻǼջ벻ʵģû뵽ô͵ںˡ
ʱ֣Ǽӽ·Χƽ̹һȥüԶԶԶСǡ
ȻͣסˣʮĵվһߣˣЦЦǹŹ֡
Ľ̾ˣ


163 
ʦ֣ߣȥӦ
տȻʦܣϵԽʡ
Ľҡͷϵã߲ƣ߲鷳ģסǵ·
Խͷţһܳɣ
ĽЦ򲻹ܣҲţߣһӲҲû֮ǡ
ԽҡͷЦտȻʦܣδսǰܣȻǽҲ̫־Լˣ
ӱߵѽҿţɰͰ͵ģȥ
Ľڰ֣ʦ֣ǿߣҪͣ˺˵
ԽЦҡͷ£ʦֵʲôˣɣ
ӱЦʦ֣һȥ˶󣬰˵
ԽЦǺǵͷ¶

ĽƸ˵
÷տȻǲ÷㲻ʲô¶ţʦʦڣͲطˣ
ѽտȻʦܡԽæͷ
Ľ̾˿ͷٶ˵ˡ
ԹԼ书̫ܷڣ˵ĻȥԹˣԼһ书ݵ͵˺ָӣҲ
˻ǰ߸ǰ
߸ݣȴһɫۣյģ·֦Ϲһӣһ紵ĵ
߹СС۾տտ磬ǡ
˫ֱۣ´ˣԽϣǾǲ׺ɵ˰ɣ
Խȭǣ²׺Խ֪ǰմڴ˵Ⱥкδͽ̣
߲ƣȴʧ
ƵĵտտĿͣĽϣ˫ɮտȻɣ
Ľʮ΢Цҡ
ߴЦŵͷãõúܣҵˣ
ǰҺ£Ľ΢΢һЦǰĪǷҵˣ
ߵСйȻ䡣
ĽüëЦǰ书䣿
ұԨԴΪεȴǲض˵ˡ߰ڰ֣ҽȡġ
ĽЦԭΪң
̾˿ɱˣΪҺˣҪģСˣ
˵գһΣָţֱֱؿڡ

Ľζܣı৵Ĵ̳Χκԣ·ĵ֯һӣߡ
ָצһӡ
ָ׷ֱ˳
һֱ֣߹֮ǿš
Խ˺һԸ̾һ겻Ͼ֣һ书ãίʵơ
ĸ֣ȥֻһѣһγãһνˡ
һӦˣһֶԸĽ
Ľָܿȴָһֱװ˻Ȼ磬ץС
Ľν͡һ죬ָ׻ؿڵֳһӣë৵һ£
һЦСУÿṦ
˵գˣ˫צĽȦС
ָ޳ָͷϲʮذףˣӲʤĽĳײֲ˺á
ʮָף·һ㣬Ľ˼⣬ԭָףǴָأֻɫŹ֣·Ϊһ塣
Խ˲ģٴλӽĽѹǿóĽȻƴϲ֧
Խ״ʦãʦã󣡡
ǣŮӦʱɳߣγһԲȦȦڵУĽϵ
ףһɫȻʮָ벦һһȥɫ˼
Ľ֧أһųйۿ

ԽտȻʦܣˣ߰
Ľһ£ӿгһС޹⣬׳Ĵָв³һ֧ȥ
ʮָͣ
ЦĽ
˽÷岻֣ߵĽ˫ƴģһɹӿ˹ȥ
糱һһÿһ컺Ʋʢһ㣬Ľ
һһӿС࣬һĽֻ΢ǣб֮С
ʩչԦСϡ
СɫڣǷ˵ɫ·ˢһۣǹ졣
Ľ˫ۣߣÿһ飬ÿһ۵ףͬʱתͨ
һãһʩչͨһ߽ÿһϸ΢һģʩչԦ
Խǰδеٶתһ򣬶ߵ˼˽⣬Լġ
书ߣķûзӰӣܱĽͨ˼ǰһƬģʱţѾࡣ
ģһȴûмСѾȫ˵ɫȾϵģǲϱ˵ơ
࣬ΪͣʩչԦӿӿĹעУʹıɫ
ʮָ֮£Խһֱ֧ţǽķ죬ܹȥ类˳
ָ侪ˣֱ飬ָŵľȴεߣ֧
֮˲׺ɵСŲ󣬻һŲʮϣꡣ
ĽһСһ۾ˣ÷ͣעׯϡ
Ľ΢е۾Ȼ˫һ˸âһƿնȥ
ণֱ

ƿ˲䵽߸ǰʱԽ˽磬Ƕ빥ߡ
һʽ˱עвɹ֮⡣
߳һʮָӳֱŽβͣĺˡ
û뵽Сһ죬Ȼʮǿȴ쳣ʱ
ͣȻ˲ȴתмֱŤʽô˳ˡ
ǡڴʱɫСƿն
Ҫܿ˵Ľȴסܣ޿ɱܣŭһ͵ץһ˵Լǰ
ӱɫһɷףŽɫСԼؿڡ
߼ͷн˷Ľ
Խ߼ͷȴ˲óʤ׷æסӱʦãʦã
쾲Өæʦ֣侲
Խһͷʦãˣʦþͽ㣬ȥʦñ𣡡
ʱĽ꣬ˮкأ಻Ȼһʱ֮ȴѹסˡ
Խʱ磬ףдҪҪȡӱ
Ľ˿񱩣ԼһʦöҴ֮
ڽУƮƮЦʯͷԼĽţζѽСУ
Ľɫ࣬ûɱһˣ˱ӵоǰ޳Сˣ
ЦеҡͷʤΪ߿ܣС߯ظ
˵ۺȻһָ̽ųץĽؿڡ
Ľܿ·µôɣǰ벽ƾٶȣѱܿһץ
Žӽ֣ͨԽ֪ʲô˼ˣղαܲ
Խ״ģĽԿ쾲Ө

쾲Өüëڵϱӱɫˮһţŵϡ
ˣԽͷһæʦãʦ
ˡ쾲Ө
Խʧɫһ±ˡ
÷߹ͷ˿ӱʱӱ԰ֽ˫΢أëԵøĳ
üͷţƺڻԾʹ࣬ؿһѪɭȻˡ
ĽԼһ֪ģ׶쾲Ө˵ˡ
Ȼһͣצͷһ£ָ罣˽ȥǶù
Ľƺһ˳һɨͻأ졣
ץסĽùǣûץסùǵ˻֮ӡ
ˣȴûȫܹ⻮Ƥֱӱ¶һζӣæϽס²ͣƴĺˡ
ĽùǾʹȴ벻⣬˸վ߸ǰסȥ·
ǰߣ˺ߣˡ
տȻˣʦ㣡÷Ȼе
Ľһƻһ£߳ûˣԶԶСӣ֮𣬾ģ
ĽЦһæ÷ǰôˣôˣ
֪Ŀغˣ÷ҡͷ
Ľͷӱǰˣơ


164 ɽ
ӱԲѣ԰ףü򭣬ˡ
Ŀ£߹ǲ֣һӤȭСѪȻܿһѪ
㣬˭ҲҶԽ쾲ӨȻȻĿӱĬȻɫľȻ
Ľǰ̽һϢ΢š
һֻҪͺá
Ľʦ㣬ʦš
쾲Ө͵鶯˶ת֮תһ£տȻʦܣʦ
ĽüȻһȣ統ͷ£˶ʱѡ
쾲ӨӲ˲ôӣæտȻʦܣ
ʦ㣬ٵ飬ûˣĽæ
쾲Өһæʦûоȣ
Ľһԣ죬ٻɽʦΣֻشȵʦ㣡
쾲ӨҧŴͷӱ

Ľתͷʣʦ֣ʦֻش֮ɣ
УУԽæͷʦþΣʦʦԻ컯ɴ޵˵ģ
ͺãĽͷʦ͵ӳ֡
ϥӱʩչ˿غ
غͼӰӱϻָһЩѪɫϢƽüչȻΡ
㣬˽˿
ԽտȻʦܣǿغ
Ľӱͷʦֱܣӳֶ֪͵ѧҪ׷ġ
áԽæͷ̾д˼ο㣬Ȼʦ
ĽЦʦ㣬Ըʦ㼪࣬ûд󰭡
ԽֻҪֵܼɽϣȻġ
ǿ߰ɣĽ
ԽҡҡͷҪȥһ˺ңٻɽգǱ·ʦûɽ÷ʦȥҡ
Ľæҡͷףʦ֣Ȼɽ뼸λʦʦͬС
Խ룬գʦã÷ʦһҶһ˺ң
ĽüʦִҪΣգƫ֪ܡ

ԽЦЦտȻʦܣҲ֪ǰΣգʦҪɵģΣҲգûΣҲգ˶顣
ĽĬȻ˵ʲô
ԽҲ֪Σգˣļηƣʲôɾͣһݺһա
Ľ̾˿ʮʦ֣ܽˣ
ԽЦŰڰ֣ӱҲףԶտȻʦ㣬ϵ£ͼף̫ࡣ
Ľͷûз
ÿÿ˵Ĺͬһ磬ÿ˵Լ綼ͬһ޶
ʦ־¼򵥣ΪĶ̫ǳ֪֮գ֮ӣܼ򵥵ˡ
ÿÿ˵ĻǿԼһ
Ľ̾˿ʦ֣ңβȥġ
տȻʦܣΣҪȥġԽҡͷ
Ľҡͷѣʦ֣ҵ£ɱӣǺҵԺҪæ׽ңǳ׽ɵǲ׺볤׽Ƕ֣һǾͳȺ򡣡
ԽҡҡͷЩס
ĽΪһңٵ˶֣ǺҵĶͷŹᣬɱǣ޻ңգ
šԽ˼
һ룬˼޻Լ֣ɱǣ˵Ǳ˼޻ǵġĽֵ
Խüɵɡ
Ľʣʦ֣㴳ֲ˰ɣ֪֮ն񣿡
Խͷɫį̾ѽ˵ЩȻ˼ȴǲܡ
ֻǳֶΡĽҡͷٺһЩɱһЩˣ޻ǣǡ
Խɫһ±ˣ˫ƣտȻʦܣǸô죿
ɽɡĽ̾˿ҡͷʦҲ͹˴أǻȥʱ㱨ʦǣʦ⡣
µҲֻˡԽͷ

Ľһ˵ʦָ⣬졣
ԽŮӱʩչȼʼΪǿĶ˲ʧ١
ԽŮſ˰ΣΪĽ˸һ£ʮ⣬һΣֱûӰӣ˵һ
÷ҡͷ̾Ϣ˴߷Ǳ
ħ󷨵Խʡ
÷ͷйһ
Ǻο࡭Խҡͷ̾Ϣ׺Ҳдͷʩչ
Ľȼһߴ߶ԪӿͶܴУȣҲȡ
ٶȵ˼£ǰһƬģֻ̧ͷԶ
峿ʱ֣ݺıˮ
ݺŵӣλƣıɽҡͷ̾ϢտȻҲ֪ʲôʱСһɽˣһҪúʰɷҲ
ıͷŵӹȻͬ˵ɽɽǱָˣҪš
ҲĽɽ˵ɳߵڣɵ˵ԡ
ݺ˵տȻɽǰĹѾ˵ãѷŵӣҲٰ֪
ıģʦҲɽ
Сӣǹݺҡҡͷ
˵ŻߣƮ̫û¶ͷһƬ¡
ıȻתͷȻݺ㿴ǲտȻ
תͷȥһӰɽŲɬÿһ쳣ڣ·ˮ߳
տȻݺæͷȥ
˷ľͰһȥת۵ɽ£Ľǰ˲ɳһ
ĽɫƣһƤøɬֲڣ·һ²꣬ɢңɫɮϣεˮҡҡ׹

տȻտȻ˳ԾĽеס
Ľһƿˣʹٵĵ죬ȥʦţ
ݺæúãͣµһȣȥţ
˵գϷ·Ӱ˳ȥһףԽԽ죬Զȥһڱ
ıĽһ󱳣ȴӱ󱳣ؿĽĺ󱳸˲ţһ
ӱ˯ţıæտȻʦˣ
Ľһ·ľë׽ԿƴתԪȫסɢ
磬ȫٹעٱպϣı˵
ıãȻĿɢң·⣬һĽҲʲôˡ
Ȼʦɰǳ˶ѹȴûĽ˸ģһ
ǰȻһ°Ӱӣһ֮æȭ񣺡ţ
ʦ̫һϮ°ɮۣڰ֣ĽüţûжֻǿĽӱ
Ӱһüʦ̫һϮɫɮۣǰ
ıæ񣺡ʦ
üʦ̫ЦЦضʲôʱֵ
ı󹧾ĵʦǸղţݺˮɽתͷʱ򣬿տȻ
ţǻĺúӡüʦ̫ĵͷ
ı˷ܣȴţʦţտȻҪɣ
üʦ̫տȻ˹ؼʱ򣬲ܴţҪġ
ıһʱݺһܣ˼˸ǰţ졣
ʦ̫ƳһݺᣬЦǸаԵݺ᣿Ȼмֱ¡
ݺ᲻˼ͷæʣţտȻҪɣ
ǲҪѾͷʦ̫
ʦݺµ
ʦ̫ҡͷҪǲأҲտȻƴС

ۣĽȻһ£һѪ
üʦ̫ʦ̫æסĴӽ⿪üʦ̫ӱʦ̫Ľ
ĽâƱˡ
տȻô£ʦ̫ʡ
ĽæʦʦؿһΣ
ţİգֻҪûˣʦ̫תӱ
üʦ̫⿪˰ײһ˿ڣ̾˿ʦãȥ˵
ӱʦ̫ĽƮƮϡ
Ľıݺڰ֣ЦЦλʦ̫ɽ
ʧݺı֪֮ʲô¡
˴ʦ̫ʣտȻأ
Ľʦں棬ȸϻõʦ顣
ôصˣͲˡʦ̫ӱ˿ڡ
ĽʦҰʦʩչ˿غ
ֲءʦ̫ͷ


165 컯
һϰΪ飬ûĽλĿغ˿ӱҵøʩһԻ
ǡĽϥϡ
͸֧״̬һݱѹſܹϢ⣬ϼֲס
üʦ̫ӱһۣ̾һأСѾͷܿˣһݶˣҲ֪Ǻˣ
Ľۣ˼ĵʦһҵֱʡ
šʦ̫üʦ̫Ȼ
¸̤ţҲüԹƹ֡

ˮĿϣĽûҡҡͷЦȥҵ·ϣһλֽɱʦΧһüŻȥ˾ʦ㵱ơ
ʦ̫üʣҵľ֣ĸң
ҡĽ
ʦ̫˼һѽи֣࣬ţצô
ĽòһͨףǴˣצΪ֮£֮١
üʦ̫տȻˣΪѲ°ȻҲ
Ľ̾ղһţǴúܲҡ
û˰ɣüʦ̫ʡ
Ľҡͷ
ʦ̫ڰ֣ϼһң죬£ͽɽȥȡĹͷ
ǣʦףӦ
Ľһۣʦ̫ЦСһ㿴ʲôǲǲµı£
ĽЦЦ
µƳһۣʦ̫ЦգúõϢɽۿʦı¡
ǣʦĽɿӦ⡣
ʦü
ʦֵ̫Ǵʦ㣬̽տȻ鷳
ǣס
ʦ̫һۣߵΪʦһα
ǣʦӦ
ĽߣϮƢĽֻһ񣬻ϸԾ
ʦ̫ϥӱ˫ֽӡ̬ׯ϶ˡ
˫ֱãһӡɣһΪһӡ任ˮÿһӡһš
ĽӡҲͨӡ̾ԼԶҲ

ʦ̫ʮӡȻУһ·Ϊһ覡
Ƥԭãϸѩףʱ仯°񣬷·ճӨӨ⣬⻪̣ڼת
°ɮƮգ졣
ᣡһк˴
˫ֱַӱͬʱϣһӡڿɣΪһӰ䵽ӱϡ
ÿһӡ£ӱһ类
Ϣ֮󺣲ӿ
ĽĿѣԣͬǾ֮ӳֵĿغɼ򵥵ĺܣؼãֻ㼸Ѩѡ
ʱţӡԽԽ죬һӡγɵûɢȥڶѳɣһһ䵽ӱϡ
ĽֻһӴӿڴ֮УǣԼӴ֮ػȻһ
Զתͷһ£糣ϣ߾ԣԸˣĵԶҩ˷
һ̾ʦΪȻտԼԶҲ
üʦ̫һ࣬˫籦ʯӱ֮
ӱ㲻ܳӣԸã޻ģǸϲĿĹ
ӱи̣ʵڲ֪Դ
ãȺͣȻ·һһڶ
һӹȥ
еʢһһ䣬ǧ䣬·ؽǣѾƵ裬Ψ䡣
أʦ̫Ȼ߳ͬʱһ˫֮䣬ʱâš
âȥһ֣ʵʣӨ⻪תǣ޲Ĺ͡

ʦ̫ӱͷ
ڻһȪüģʱͷŹ⣬Ӷɢ׹һࡣ
˻Ʈ䣬ʦ̫˫ֽӡŻصһ
ĽףʩϣٿӱƮ֮ȰҴڡ
Ľתͷ¡
Ƴһۣ컯
ĽʡӳֵĿغȣΣ
ƽɫµ
Ľ룬ҡҡͷôʦ˵ʵ
ˣѧᡣƳһۣЦЦ
Ľʣ߶
ţףתͷʦ̫
Ľʣʦ㣬Ҳʩչɣ
ǿܡĴ
˵ӱȻһۡ
üʦ̫æǰ
ĽҲæȥӱнš
ӱתͷ񽥽˿Ľüʦ̫΢˵ʦĶѽ
üʦ̫޼أѾ
ӱһʦֲҪɣ
üʦ̫ͷţûˣտȻͻģ˵ȺúϢඡ
տȻʦӱŤͷĽ
ĽЦʮһ񣺡ʦ㣬֮Ҳʦ㼪࣡
ӱߵտȻļôأ
ĽЦǣʦˣдһ
ţһģӱ
˵úϢüʦ̫æ˵ΣҪ
ӱ۾˯ȥˡ

ʱ֣ԽҲϢ٣ƣ˪֮ɫȻҲǼŸ·
޼Уʦ̫ˣοһ˽ľ
Ľ£üʦ̫£½ʣФѩ飬Ӣۣ磬һԡ
֮ʦ̫ҡͷѣԽĽ
浾ׯ˵ҡͷ̾㴳ֵľ黹Ƿȱܶࡣ
ԽͷӦǡ
Ľ¶飬תͷЦʦ㣬㷨޶տȻȻ
ʦ̫쿩Ц壬޼лص
Ľ΢Դ鹧
´Ľеӣ̾ǻۣеУտȻһ
Ľæʦޣҵ
ЦտȻҲǫ飬мһֱ֪ûУıĻһҲһ
ĽЦ佱մеܷߣԼĿˡ
ɨһ½ˣߵסӽ֮󣬵ɽ֣ΨտȻհ
ǣʦ½Ӧ


166 ߪ
Ľһʦ̫
ʦ̫Цģ·ǵ⣬ûеİӿ
Ľٶ˵ʮʦ壬Ӳҵ˵һ˵뷨ʦּ˼棬⣬ʦǡ
ЦҡҡͷտȻѽǸСͷİգûйĶǣʦʦദعĶǣʲô˵ʲôǡ
ǣʦ塣Ľһ£ͷ
üʦ̫ͷʦĲտȻԲʹȻʦʦദҲҪ㣬ûʲôȤζˡ
ǣ̡ܽĽͷ
ʦ̫һЦտȻŵãǲܳѽտȻ
Ľæͷ
ʦ̫Цðɣ֮ͽŰɣɽʦҲҪġ
Ľæ񣺡лʦʦ㡭
ʦ̫Цİڰ֣ƴǣǲ׺ɲԷˮʦ㣬ȱı֮ѵôģȻҪžѹեﾡ
Ľ˼ЦҲûʲôıֻǾз𷨣ģỻɱ˵ĽǶһˡ
˲õı£ʦ̫Ц

˴½ʼ˹ЦеĹϲĽϲųߪš
׺ɵĹأӽŽţһһѭ򽥽㹻֣ܽš
ҲſԷߪΣֱš
֮Уʦ±ǳߪΣŽţֻһʱ䣬ǰһš
ĽĳߪΣ˴ʦµļ¼Ϊĵһˡ
عٶ֮죬һˣ񣬽֮ǵһˣעǲ׺ɵĴȺס
ĽʦĿģԼء
ĵһţԣȺף޿ɡ
Ľ½ʼ˵һӻѿһӣȻһһ̸ֱǢ̸Ц
Ľоʦʦ˵û׺ɵĵʼã޻ģǴ֮ˡ
ԽѾǴֵľḻˣǴϻ
˵ĽţԽǸ߶ˣĶǵԽⱾȻ
׺ƫƫȻǻʹȻұ˴ûʲô֮λѶĪ
жѡ񣬻ڣһЩ񣬻ǽãоѧǽã׺ɳ󣬻ɽ֦ɢҶ
ΣǶǲ׺֮ˣһѣ׺ɱػ

ûмǿĹУ֮䲻ṴĶǣǢ໥һҡ
ĽΧϲ̾
ǼĽΪŵӣǰϲȴҲⷺᣬСʦܵģЩû档
ĽǺЦţλðڵü͡
ڴһŰֽǶԣĽĳϴˣȥˣʲôĻ
˻صСԺʱȴԺѾˣСԲƣıݺᣬСͤУ˵˵ЦЦ
ݺһڳСܹͤסտȻҽǰһæ
ĽЦʦܣл
ʦܡʲôʦܣݺĪͷʣĪǺͿˣôҽʦ
ĽǺЦǵ⣺ʦܣѾŵӣȻʦ
ݺɴţۣתͷıôܳŵӣ
ı˿Ľ˵ѣüһ£񡭡ܳߪΡ
ݺֽе
ĽЦ򣺡ʦܣĪҪС֣ŵǣ
ݺ᲻ؽеøտȻưɣǺܿŵģ
СԲ빬ǰûˡ
СԲߵݺ˵㿴㣬ΪأտȻҪɣ
ĽҡͷЦûʲô·̫ۻˡ
ôѽСԲæʡ
ĽСͤһʼɽ顣

СԲ裬Ŀӯӯӣݺıţ·𻻳Լ
֪УϦ£ϼСͤӳͨ졣
ĽĽݺ̾Ϣһп֮ɫû뵽ɽôգ
ıɵұɽ棬ڲ֪Լ̫򵥣ɽ̫Σգ
Ľͷһ²׺ɽʮСģΣ޴ڣһСģС׶ˡ
СԲһЦЦտȻͻˣ
ݺæСԲտȻˣ԰ɣûôΣգǲǣ
СԲͷ룬ҡҡͷǵҲǣȻΣգǲ׺ɣ书Ȼǿǵģ
ƵӦǣ
ĽǺЦݺᣬ㻹Сأѧһ书ȴûһǿ֮ģôɣ
ݺһۣԼˣ¶ӡ
ıҡͷ̾տȻҾãʺϵĻֲˣڣشɱɱò
ĽЦʦ֣Ȳϲɱȥðɡ
ıͷţţȥã˵ܶŵӶá
ݺţһɣߵûϢҲŲȥãҪã֣£Ӻɷ򣡡
ıҡͷЦЦΪȻ
һ˵˵ЦЦСԺ˻Ц
ֱƳϣǲŽȥ
ĽһתԪֻ΢ָȫʢʱڣʮ֮һˡ
ɫҡҡͷܲ⣬ȼ֮Ҫȫָûʮ±롣
ųСԺվڻԣͷһٺϻ

Ľֲ֣ʮһ
һϮú壬֡
üɨ޷죬ͷ࣬ׯӺݣ޶ԸУݹʵʣǡ
Ľ΢Цʦú磬Ǿͳ
תӰٺϻƵӣЩ̫֮ʣЧߡ
ĽЦЦлʦָ㡣
ɫ߰ɣԷ
ĽЦкλʦһ
üһˡ
ĽЦеĵһֱλʦһԷܲһţͲλʦˡ
ߣڰ֣ȥأ
ĽЦеӦһ˹ϴȻ󲻽ĳţݺıȻݺȥԺСԲ빬ơ
¸ߣһԲֻĬĬţĽСԲƣݺıȴ̸Ц


167 
һ˺ע⡣
ĽߪΪŵӣϢ糤˳̼䴫׺ɽ˲֪Ϣ̫𺳡
ѵһĴʦ㣬ĽԣעĿ
ݺӣĨһ죬촽ͺģʵտȻŵӣǲҪᵽ
Ƴһۣü
ĽЦˣסɣҲϰˡ
ݺб˵ԺӸ󣬷羰ƯһԾͱǵԺӴտȻ㲻۲
ĽЦЦ˹ĳԲˡ
ݺᣬСԲƲ죬ָָ졣
ݺĨһ£ͺˡ
أѽСԲ߳
ݺڨڨЦһӻͳһͰ͵ĨĨ죬ɾһЩ
ȴûϰߣ÷Ǹ

ҡҡͷ۲תȥСԲ
СԲЦʦ㣬տȻһҪСӴ
Сʲôʡ
СԲƳһĽЦһ״չѽ
ĽЦСԲҪСģĪڱǷǣ
СԲæտȻĪݺˣҿ˵ĺûأ
ϸᳶЦЦһۣҡҡͷ
Ľ͡һЦΪȻҡͷǿ̫߳
СԲȭͷᴷ
ƵԷأ֣
СԲæ֣ݺݵĽһۣȻͷԷ
ݺıĽɫСԲĽϷ޲ȡ֮Լ
ȴûǸӣСԲ˵ãǿסģһǶʱţͰͣǶ
Χǲʱһ˵Ϊ죬ҲĽ
ݺıͷͦأǰδеüСԲ棬Ǿй⡣
Թ˷Ľֽ˼䣬Ȼǰ޼Ǳʦ̫

ʦ̫ǰϣЦп˲ЦݹŹ֣°Ƶһ糺졣
Цеָָǰţˡ
ĽʦʦҪɽˣʦкηԸ
ʦ̫ЦĵСһЩ˲С£Ҫʦܵġ
εͷǣʦ
ʦ̫ӻͳһľᣬϾɣݵĽǰտȻǲ׺ǰķסˣϾʱһһ
Ľһæʦ⡭
ʦ̫ЦŵˣȻ˹
Ľʣ˵ֻŮ𣿡
ʦ̫Ц׺ҲͻƵ㣬аȷʵ᲻ƣǶ޵߷
ĽҲɡ
ʦ̫ЦţҲɣ׺񹦵ǰ㣬Ҳܱûǿ
Ľˣֽӹֱӷġ
׺񹦡ĸӿĲΣ
ĽӻһΣһо
ʦ̫Цã
ĽЩ˼һ£Цʦʦ㣬Цˡ
ʦ̫ڰ֣ЦĵտȻԹȻˣ鴥Զⳣˡ
ĽЦҴС볣Щͬɡ
Ȿţ˴飬λ棡ʦ̫һָӨ͸
Ľ̾⼸֣ǧ
ʦ̫һˣ黭޲£ǲ׺ɣ׺Ӳͣݣѧ棬ȴѳԽ档
ֵտȻĸֵİѵã
Ľĸֻ֣ΪһҶۣиӿʱԼ
֪˶ãѹ񣬲˼ĵʦ
õúܣԸ򣡡ʦ̫Цÿһѧ׺񹦣ҶὫⱾŸǿϧģ˶ѡ
ĽЦЦ
÷С׭渵һĽꡣ

Ľ飬˫ֵݻ
סඣʦ̫ʡ
Ľͷ񹦣ȷʵ
ʦ̫ЦҲǸԺõģĿʦࡣ
ĽҲ£ûô
ʦ̫Ҹǿ֡
ĽЦЦûж˵
ʦ̫ڰ֣ɽɣȥٻأĪҪ顣
ǣʦӦվ
Ľʮһ񣬵ʦȻһӳ֣ȥݼѩӡᣬܷôȱۡ
Ǵ£ȻҪȡʦ̫ͷ
Ľֺʮһ񣬸޼
һ·ɽϴһƬ಻ɳ̲һۣççȺɽ
ʩչṦĽ
ƮƮ޷㲻մ棬ŵУ貨Уɡ
Ľһһţ𲻶ÿߣȴп࣬Ǵʦ㣬Ṧ߾ԼƴСǿϡ
ȻʦڸԼ
µ񣬲ʾ֮λõȻ޴档
Լ־µһ֣ȺȤģú׺ίʵӣ֪֮գһɽʹһ߾书ҲǱ˵ʹ
޷ۿʦʦǱֻܷǿ䡣
˰нϾ¼ܸϣüһ£Ϊ⣬Ϊʦķȴɡ
һЦһǰؼӿ죬ǻգʧĽҰС
ĽһæĶƴӿ˫ȣٶһضǰһƬģΧ
˹˫Ŀʱ仺

󣬴һƬ֣է⣬һվ£ЦЦ
һ紵Ʈ֣֮
Ľǰ΢ЦʦṦ׿
µķȴԶһ׺񹦰ɣһЩ
ǡĽĵ
̤ӲܲС߰ɡ
Ľ󣬵죬۶ôӲݣʯͷ·У棬ƽأû
Ľզ࣬Ϊһ壬޷ֱ˴ˡ
ʦ㣬ղǾĽʡ
µˮ
ˮ֣Ľ
ƳһۣĿˮû޷߶
ϧˡĽҡͷ
ṦҲѷ̤µҡҡͷ̤ͻ㣬֡
һ˵ԽԽ죬ԶʤһΣչѾӳ֡


168 ඥ
ӳλڰɽķɽɽۡ
һƬïӵУӳһ֣̣ͨ¶ǰһ
ʱ֣Ϧ£ϼ죬Ⱦõ죬ۼ
Ľ̤ŷѵСǰ;пŮϷϸһֻС𣬿Ģ
ˣŮδϷֹ
ͣһŮᣬᣬζɫ㲻Ͼɫȴ͸ŲഺϢ
ͣһŮһָԶˣʧУЦƲ
ʦ㣬߰ɡĽ
µȻӳ֣Ӳס
ĽЦҽҲӳִУȷʵ鴫ġ
Ƴһۣףٲǰ

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170 
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171 ָ
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˼ָָ֪ڣ˼⣬ʱ˲׺񹦣ͱ㴰ֽ
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תͷһƣ࣬۲˸ߡ
Ľѣ벻׼ʱĽһ㣬ʱȻͷã߰ɡ
˵գӰһʵһ֣ٶȶļӿ죬ǰһƬģֻж졣
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ĽһϣǸΣñմϡ
·Ըɡ
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࣡һ죬ָڿ
ߣƮƮ˸ǰ


172 Թ
ͣ£ü俴
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˵Żʳָһ㣬͡һХһָӿƣֱϮϡ
Ͼֵ࣡һ죬ָڿײ졣
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סһһУһʳָ
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̽ץ£½һٿ˺Ľ֮쳤總֮ҡ
²ӴչŲƣѸ磬ȴ첻ĽٶȣһܵǰƵæŲ
ҪȴѾץס
֣ʦ̫߳һȵտȻס֣

Ľһͣ漴ɣһ£뻳һӡؿڣ顱һ죬Ƥ
Ľ޷ӦͷչȥҪ
ʦ̫ǰץסһקȴ˿һ£¡
æʦɵġ
ô죿ʦ̫ʡ
Ľţһ£漴һʦ̫
ʦ̫ߵСӣ
æʦʦ߻ħˣô죿
ס˵ʦ̫ߵһĽ󣬰ģסѨ
룬ţ뺣޶
ʦ̫һ䲻ĽһһӴӿʱ˳ȥ䵽޼⡣
ʦ̫֪ãһ¿أȴûȻʱˡ
ʦ̫Хһ˹Ľȥ£ҡͷСӣСɫߣ
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ʦ̫ٿǰŹ⣬Ľ߳տȻտȻ
Ľͫܣ˿ȻǺЦʦӸղʧ֣ն
˵գһ£Ҫȥ
ʦ̫죬ֻ˫ۻԾƽ죬֪С߻ħһ˿ִ⡣
ϳԼ֪˺Լȴִᱡʦ㣬ȻС˽
ûȴ֪
Σյһأս٣壬ʱҪѹȻĿڣӺһ
һǼѣһռεǿᣬ뽫併ȥøǿ־
־Բ޷ԦѹƣʧȥΨǱʶ֧壬ǱʶʶƽʱѹƣΨ˯ʱŻᾪһ֡
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״̬ûƺ뵽βࡣ

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ʦ̫쳣ɫס
Ҳ֪һأһ֮ѹȴû뵽֮죬ΪҪ֮£һ¾ɡ
һʱ⣬ûܼʱ
ʱѾ壬Ӵ־֮£ûֱӱɰ׳գ֮ң
ʱӰƮüʦ̫½õΣĽʦ̫ڵڣסˣ
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Сӣüʦ̫龪ȣ̾ʦ淨޶ûˣСһɴˣ
ҲȵĶĽһۣҡͷ̾տȻز߻ħϧˣϧѽ
ʦ̫ɫݣߵȰסܲܲȣ֣
֣ƮĽ

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Ѹȣ磬˲伴üʦ̫УѾײơ
飡˷˳ȥ
Ľ˿תץס£޼ߣº޷֮ץס
Ů˹ڿн߳СӣȻ˵ã
գʦ̫߳
˳ʡƷΧסĽͬʱ磬ݺᣬýʸĽ
ʦ̫СƤ񣬾֣ܶɱǣ
üʦ̫Цʦ컯Ҳɣ
ʦ̫ɫһɣ¶ЦݣǵҲǣۣס˵
ЦһĽġ
ĽֻߣԴĽᣬˣԲͣȥȴʦ̫סֻͣ¡
ͣһ£û뵽׾ʹС
漴Цһ¶Ȼ⾹̲ȥ·ڼ͵Ƥϣ֮£ˡ
ٴִ̣иղλãԴ̲ȥ
аٴ̣Դ̲ȥ
Ľһֱͣʦ̫ǰɫԥ´£Ŀ粽ת£˫ͫһɫԾһ£ʱӰֵǰ
¼æὣһ
볤Ӵ޷ǰְ¸ؿڣ˵˳ȥ
顱һ죬ײ޼ǽУһ

ʦãüʦ̫ʦ̫ͬʱС
ǽУӿѪֽĿɢû˽ࡣ
Сӣ´֣ʦ̫ŭӰһٿĵĽǰٽ̡
ĽһγӰܿ⣬±ߡ
ʦ̫죬ٿվڴżǰ˸һɫţ뽣סڡ
ĽҪͨð򵹡
ҡҡͷ۲˽âУһʱʧȻֹʦ̫Ľѵϡ
üʦ̫ٽСӣˣ
Ľӽһһ죬üʦ̫Ľʱ֣Ŀɿڴû뵽Ľˡ
Ľһ׳ٿĹʦ̫佣ʡ
ʮһ񣬺ǺһЦʦˣǣ
˵գ±Ҫߡ
һ߳Ʈ֡
ھ磬ʦ̫üʦ̫ɮ۸Թĵ


177 ʦ
ʦ̫ɫһ䣬æ߳£֣
䣬ɫ£գڿ𣬻ʥϢ
һ˶ţߴ֮СʵջΪһƴСʵأӨ͸ʵʣٿһġ
ʦ̫üߵǺ֣֣
½ƮƮüʦ̫˹ѹסʣʦãʲô
ʦ̫ҡͷĲΪȻѾͷ֣
µѹ׾ѧҿһûüʦ̫΢Ц¿档
ʦ̫ҡͷһʽӣúȴ鷳˼ǱҪһӵģ
ΰգüʦ̫ЦסտȻȫˣ

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һģһ˶ʱ仯񣬾Ө·
ĽЦһ£ٴ̽ץ
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ĽצΪȭ顱һ죬аָȭͷ缴죬𵴣·ˮ浴ơ
Ľ˺һһף־Ө˼֡
Ľ˫ͫԾǺЦʦȻ
ޱ飬ӰһʵʣٿĳڵڣҪֻһĽѾǰ
տȻʦ̫Ľ֮䣬üߣٺΪʦҪˣ
ĽЦʦˡ׽סʦ㣬ʦ
üʦ̫һվʦ̫ߣȫס߳տȻǴ治ʦ壬ȥƣ
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üʦ̫ߵ˵ʦ壬อλڱǳѪ⻹Ҫ
ĽЦԣ̽ͷ£ʦ㣬롪
üһٿһߵĴǰһĿȥ
ĽǺһЦһ¸ǰѵ޼⡣
ʱ䳡һŵӣӰƮʽǲ
˳֣ʱˣǲרģǴ̫棬˴޼Ĵνף

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ǶƣտȻкι֮
׺һ֦׺񹦣񹦣߷
׺ѧǾգԿ֮£߷׺ǿᣬѷ
߷Ψӿ׺񹦣ΨŮӿҪĸߣҪ޳ɣΪס
ѵҪߣһģǲ׺š
һѳԼ׳ɵĹأһΣžΪտȻƹ棬ǳߪΣֱӽţΪմӣִһĹء
˴Ǿ棬տȻˣ˺񰮡

ĽٺһЦʦ㣬ߣ
֪ǲ壬ҲϻӰһʧڰ׿⣬ֱ¶ȥ
ֻ۾һڰ֮⣬զ࣬ʦṦ˸߾֪
֡סһĽһֱӳǰһɣˡ
ĽǰЦʦ㣬Ҫ²ɣ
̽һ˲䵽ĽǰĽһΣӰһѾ
һƴĳһ˲伴Ľ̽ӭ
顱һ죬˶Ĥʹʧϡ
ۻң̾ѣʽףԼһҲӲסǡʱ˽Ʒ
һ£ͭӴǶ죬ۣѪ𵴣ܣؿڷŻ
Ľ˿һ
Хʦ̫üʦ̫Ϊ׺磬ֱָĽģ˲
Ľһǡôܿ
أһһңһ࣬ˣһƮֱϮĽ
˫ƷƮƮ
˼й£Ӱ֣Ľһüʦ̫ƮƮһ̣ĽһӣΪһ磬޼ĶϷߡ

տȻһ÷Ʈȥü𣬶տȻô£
ĽתͷŤͷ֮ʣʦ̫ӭƣ飡һһ
Ľ΢ЦͣС㣬þòɺã
÷òףտȻһˣӷ޼ɣ˫۴󵨵ԼѲʮ㡣
ôˣ÷üʣͫԾɫ档
ĽЦЦһղСԽˣ
÷üߵ˵ʲôأտȻ֣ɲ÷ܺģ
÷Լʰ̯ӣǲ׺ɣɹ飬һ֣֮Σ
Ĳѣ͸ǡ
ĽǺЦлСģ
տȻҪ˼Уⲻ㳣˵ô÷˵ϸɫ
Ľ÷˵֮ʣʦһаɣ
ʦ̫üƬ̣ҡҡͷ򲻵ѣã̫Σգ
ʦü
ʦ̫ҡͷ£Īʦʦǳְɣ
˵գ鴽һХ׺׳𣬷ＤԽƲΪ֮һ塣
Хէ죬ԶһণƣԲöʦ̫ĸͣ
Х֮УĵɫӰ޼ڸ߿մһ٣漴䣬ƮƮ£㣬䵽ʦ̫ǰ

նô£һŮʡ
£ͣȥԼʮ̴꣬棬ʱòûȥᡣ
Ůӣʮ꣬òͨԶòˮϽԷţǶˡ
ʦ̫յǰʦ壬߻ħ뼸λʦæסԱΣ
סŮʣɨһĽ¶ɫ
ʦ̫ҡͷЦҸʦ㣬ʦãһסԲͷʦ壡
ʱüʦ̫Ҳ
°ڰ֣ŵƮˣһգʧ÷ҲĽڰ֣һ֮ȥ
ĽĿ÷뿪ҡҡͷתͷ£Ŀഥ΢Ц
ʱƽ죬鶯鶯޳ʹ壬ͫɫ棬ѷ


178 
ŮתͷĽ˫ͫԾһ£ҡͷȻħ
ʦ̫ͷʦ֡
Ůӵնɱﵣôʹ
ʦ̫ҡͷһʹտȻһи̡
ֳˣ㻹ŮӲΪȻҡҡͷСһ￴׶ԸԿ
лʦ壡ʦ̫æ
ŮӰڰ֣΢Цնѽ춹ģôĴŵеţ
ʦ̫˼ЦЦ
ĽŮӵĻ䡣

ǶְɣСһסŮӵ
ŮӦһһŮӵʦ㣬ø󣿡
Ů΢Цͷã͸ɣСһնıͽܣɱ
ʦ̫˼ȴݺݵĽһۣͷǳ֣ʵڴʦ棬Ҳ
ĽЦЦ
ŮٿһΧסĽʣ֯һĽĽΧȥ
Ľ۲˸Ľ⡣
ȥֻߣѰ϶
Ľվһֻ۹ۿǴһ˿⡣
ĸŮӼ״գȴǿѹסˣûҲĳɾͣȴҪúʰͷ
Ƭ֮ĵԽԽ죬˴ǰӣγһɫԲɭɭ
գŮȡ
ɫԲսĽȥ
Ľ΢Цҡͷȭһһ죬ʱΣָı
סһŮ߳ǵ󣡡
ʱ䣬·ĵ罵£Ŀѣ۾
Ľ΢۾󵷳һȭ
һ죬һŮӵĳɳ
һȭһɳһȭֻһǵ⽣󾹲á
üʦ̫ʦ̫һۣ

λʦĹףǵ󣬸Ľȴһȭһֱȥ˽
һʮᣬƣܲ𾪡
ɳƷӭƮɣ裬Ľ²һȭһȭգȴƵŮв
ŮӳڣĽȭͷӲһǣûзɳȴѾֱ飬ղס
תնʱˣ㻹ݲģ
ʦ̫̾ʦ壬ȰȰտȻգ
Ůҡͷ̾նѽ治֪ô˵㣡
ʦ̫ЦЦĽǰտȻٺˣһȥ
ĽЦʦˣ
ʦ̫ߵڿɲΣĪҪΪʦҪºˣ
ʦɽһأδηĽǺһЦʮһһ⡣
סŮɫ䣬æɽ
ʦ̫Ҳ֪أտȻɽһ书ƣᴳ
ȵŵӣסտȻ
Ӵܷ˳סɽ·
ĽǺһЦ粽ΧڵӳУȫᣬȭƻУΡȻ
ʦ̫մӲ׺Შ󣡡
ȺٺˣɳˣŮ½ʣФѩԽ飬ӢۣŮӵУ£쾲Ө磬ӱ
÷ҲǵմӣȴûѧֻվһԣŵĽ촽
Ľ֣ͣһ۾ˣҡͷЦλʦʦ㣬ÿ
ԽտȻʦܣΪһ䣬ͣ°գ
ĽǺЦһʦ֣ǺˣʦǺ𾴵ģʵʦ㶯֣ÿɽһˣתһȦϻ
Խҡͷܷɽʦ֮ɽɹ治Ҳ
ʦ֣ĪҪ˵ÿĽһ֣¶ͷ
Խҡͷã
ֻλʦʦĸˣĽ̾

ʲô춯֣üʦ̫ûĵ
Խǣʦ
ϡű뻮һ˸ʱһƬ·ĺ󣬽Ľû
Ľβ罣˫ƻڽϣɣ·ڸ١
о죬ǵ룬棬ֱܸѹ˳Ҳ粽ѽ
ĸŮҡͷ룬Ƕ׺Შ죬֮󣬲ɡ
Ľ˫ͫɫԾ²ֻƾһ˫Ƶֵסģɴ̵ϡ
Ľղ񹦷·ɣղǵĽ̲ȥ
ʦ̫״ü޿κΡ
üʦ̫̾ʦãһС
šʦ̫ɬȻͷ
ǡʱĽȻһЦκȻΪһȣʵ壬̹ȥտյһƬӰӡ
ƻȴʵʵ
飡һ죬½ʱؿڣ˴ڰ֮⣬ѵ
飡飡飡һӰɳ
ת֮䣬£˰ĸŮӶɡ
Ľʮһ΢Цʦ㣬ҸղŷͿˣ
ü뿴ôˣһĵһĪ
ʱָǡ
Ȼûѡ
ʦ̫̾˿£տȻ
˵գת޼
ºĽһۣʦܣգ
ĽΧ˺ʮһ񣬹λʦ֣ʦ㣬Сܵˣٵ
˵գ˵½޼

Ľէ޼ӺȻһɫ䣬˶Ѹ⣬˲䵽˸ղŶ֮
һ׹âƿն壬ݲʩչ
׺˾
ĽײһСԺϣ顱һ죬ǽȥӱǽꡱСԺǰһƬ۶ϡ
һײʮز
ʱֽĿɢǴЦӶ˼ֹּ˫һգԹȥ
ʦ̫޼ȽȽӰӰ´µ˲䵽Ľߡ
ɫ԰ף˸ḧͷ
µߣʦҪʩչ컯ô
֪Ȼʦܴʦ
ʦ̫ҡҡͷ㱧
üʦ̫ʦá
ĸŮҲһۻԵĽʱüͷʹࡣ
Ů΢ЦСһڣ
ʦ̫̾˿λʦ壬һúóͽλʦ¡
ŮҡͷɼССһ¼ɣȿܾܲȻɡ
ǣлʦ壡ʦ̫һ
ŮЦնţôôǣǻȥˣʦҪӻ𣿡
ʦ̫ҡͷ̾ûʦˡ
ŮЦǡ෴
˵գȻӹ޼ʧڵ


179 ϸ
ʦ̫Ŀ뿪תվ޼̨ϣ£⴫̸ۣȥ󶼹ס죬ĪŹ飡
ǣڵӦ
ʦ̫ɨˣһ߰ɣ
ɢȥĿ⽻иž𾪡
һߣĽ书֮ǿһ֮в׺ӣݺ޵У书ηɲ
ߣ𾪲׺տȻʦ湦ڲ׺ǰһ˿֮ǿη¡
һԺ֮ؿڵ𣬲ƺֱͦţԲ׺ɹǿиġ

ĽϣȻۣãûнࡣ
ü˼ΣԼһΡ
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ʶ鼱֮£ֱУȫٿʶС
潵£ֱӽɣܷգҪڻ顣
и̾ýֱӱٻ٣գңȴܻ١
֮£ʧȥϵǵؽ棬֪˶ãֹͣŶ纨ȻΡ
ΣԼԼУᱡʦ㣬һ̵ĵӼ첻µز£Ҫһڴʦ㱥ӣ
һֱԸһֱѹסڱ
ʦƻ죬ϵ޼ʦʹʦ棬ѽԼͷ
ٺִˣǼλʦʦ壬ڵӣʦ棬Լ죬Ȼǡ
գ޼ʱʳָųһ
һ֮¡
콵磬ʱգݲԼʲô
壬ֱӶӻ٣뵤ڵɢ
һ٣ʱɢ
ʧָת鶯أ壬ʹˮӿһ۾
뵽ȻףԼΣղŷһжģ
һ亹Цɴôˣ
ʱȻѵķãЦ£ٶ룬ˣ棬˳Ȼˡ
ӣãˮγڣһƽʲô˺
жһˮУһαСȥһ㣬鶯ǳ
ĽȻףαСǲ׺

׺һ׺Ľпһջأת۾
ͷϷǻ微Ťͷȥ̵ɴʹ㵭ΧƢ
ѵһ뷿Ľ˼⣬һ
֨һƿһΣ¶ϲӣĿ⸴ӣ
ʦ㣿Ľ΢ЦŬŸ첲ȴʹǧС
ֱܹ࣬Ӿʹιȥ
վǰĿˮֱעУˣ
Ľɿ첲һһ¶ͷ亹Цʦ㣬ôˣ
һ¹Ѿһ
һǵˣµޱϲŭԹ
Ľ룬ЦҺ˲ӣһˣǺǣһһĵΡ
һüë׺ֱӴݻӣһнԷȥҪֻܴͷʼ
֮£ȴ˷ţ컯
ǲΣģЦЦ
Ľ¶飺ģ
ĺ촽ˣϧԼûԸʵڿϧ
ʲôһŭߵȥʦ
˵գŤߣ˱ǣϵ㡣
˳ϦദһӣĽζѾϤ

ʦ̫ܿĽǰ㲣ࡣ
Ľһ̾ʦˡ
ʦ̫һۣȻšס䣬ݺתһȦСӣ㺦
Ľæġ
ʦ̫һſ䣺֪֪㴳˶Ļ
Ľ˼ЦӾһĵΣʦղ˵Ǹģǿɲ
ʦ̫мƣȻ治࣬Ľȴо׽
ʲôĵΣģʦ̫бʳָͷûĵСӣˣ޵֣ýţߣǲ׺СҪװ˵ǣСӷҪʦ㣡
Ľͷ˼¡
ˮޱ飬֮ͨ£޲ĽϴЦȴ̾Ϣ
ʦ̫ͷѵ⣬ͷ絶ĽֻǺǺǵЦһ䲻ֱ硣
ˮ̾ϢʦԽ˵Խ׽ʦʦԽ谮ˣ
ѵ⣬ΨԼܹʦ΢ЦģЦصʹΥɹ棬Ӳһ䣬ȴ顣
ĽЦʦʩ컯ɣ
ʦ̫̲йߣߵҸʦʩչû컯һǲ׺㻹ܻ
ĽǺЦֲʦ㲣ǵӲФ
ͷԵĻٴҾ͸мʦ̫ߵ
Ľǵܣûô
ĸ֣ʦ̫΢̣ȴǿסߵϹһһһҪȻҪʦ㵹ãͷϹڳ˲ӣ㱾ԴɲҾ磬ɱͬŵӣѱ
ĽЦʦδʲôͷ
û˵ʦ̫ߵ
Ľæʦ˺õòˡ
Ȼʹʩչƣֻ農һӼɡ
Ȼü󷨣ѲɣƣǴ̼Ǳķţ
Ȼǿ̼ǱѾȼ
Ҳȴˡ

Ҫʦ̫һۣߵ׺Ϊô׶Ը
Ľͷһֱûɢȥ
ʦ̫ʵʣ뻯ȥò׺񹦵ڵĲ㣬أ
ǣӼӽŬﵽ㣡ĽЦ
ʦ̫ߵһӺú˺ˣپôͷ㣡


180 ɨ
ʦ̫뿪¡
ʦʲô£кң档
ǣʦˡĽס
ޱ飬Ƴһۣתȥˣ̬ԸС
ĽЦЦ֪Լһοɰʦˣ׺˸ǰᱡϡ
ʹͨЧĽҲףʦҪʰԼģԼˣŰˡ
ҡҡͷǰգԹԼܣǰ޵״̬£ûһ׷ܲĻᣬ΢΢

Ľһ£Ĭϸ΢
ͷһηΣһֱҴ⣬Ψʲô󻼡
нղ񹦻壬ǿԶʤˣָǿ󷨣ӡ
һֱû˹վգˣҪһӣ׶á
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ʮ죬Ĭ죬׺񹦡
һʱ䣬ͻͽ׺ֽһ㣬˵㡣
ϧԲĽ
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ޱ飬·ߣƾ˵ǼҪһ䲻϶˵Ը˵һ֡
Ľΰ̾Сģʦˣˡ
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֨ƿһϮվǰüһ£ˣ
ĽЦǣݼʦ
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Ľĵ㣬ܿ޼

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棬ʦ̫һϮīɮ£΢˫ֽӡöһϣһ
ԲȻʦʦ
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Ľ˼ЦЦͷǣʦǰ
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Ľɫƽͣ·УæʣʦҪδʦ
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ĽЦżкã
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ĽҡͷʦӲһûɴ
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ᵽ̲סЦ½ԼӣЦտȻɨһ̨ס
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ѵһ˵ô࣬ƽʱѡ
ʦ̫Ц˭Ҫͣǲ޼Ҳ޷տȻᱡ㣬·ϣܴ˷
²ٶ˵֪ûãֻ޺޵һĽ
ĽװûƼʣʦ֪ɨЩ̨ף
еģʦ̫ЦĵɽµɽϣԺԺֱ޼
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Ľ̾˿ǣʦϷ

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СԺྻ˴ɨٺϻʢģݣİżµɮۡ
ĽùһһСԲģżŹֱ֣䣬һǹġ
ɮۣ¶һ˿΢Цůġ
ɫ磬ƼѶæҲȥţֱ齣ʼתվ
ʱУȻ죬龹һ˿ɫȥֱ
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»Խϴʵȥ졣
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Լһʱ˹۾¶һ˿΢Цֻһ˿ɫΪǿ֮Ч
ӭ˫۾
ݺᣬıСԲƶڶ棬ʱ۾Ź⡣
СԲüЦʵտȻʲôʱѽ
ҲĽĿഥ漴תЦղŻʲôʱģ
СԲæǶʱ
ĽЦЦǶ˰ɣ
ǣСԲһͦظĵϸǾͽѰأʦ˵ˡ
ϲˡĽЦ
ݺƲƲ죬ڰ֣ߵʲôϲģҲ׷
ȻԺſһۣǰ˴գѹ˵տȻ޼ŵӡմ޲ߣ粻һǲģ
ĽǺЦҡͷûгãҲûзϡ
˼״Ȼ֪⴫ԹȻ١

ˣǱµã²٣Ϊƽ޹ʵˡ
СԲŹ⣬ѹ˷ܵʣտȻô쵽ģʲô湦
ĽЦҡͷʦ˷ﲻ۴ģǻ˵Ϊ
տȻӣСԲߵ
ĽЦ²ʣûʲô˵ģ˲ӣ߻ħԿԴ󷢣´쿪ʼҪȥɨ̨ף㼫ˣ
ԭѽɨ̨ףСԲЦæֵ߻ħɲˣڲҪô
Ľʦʦȣһںõòˡ
˵һ󻰣뿪
ڶ峿Ľ޼Ҳڣһɨ´
ʦ̫վϽӹɨ㣬ЦеĵݸտȻúøɣĪҪ͵
Ľӹɨ㣬Цǣʦ
ʦ̫Ц¼ල͵ӷһ꣡
ǡĽһ£¶һ˿Ц⣬Ľľò


181 
Ľɨ㣬ҡͷ̾˿¶Ц
ʦ̫Цҡҡͷ֪ڣαص޼ε磬εɷš
ĽʱͷԲ塭
ߣͷԲ壬ôᱡ£ʦ̫ġ
Ľ̾ʦҿƲסԼġ
Ľºʮʦ㣬ʵڲãɿƲסԼʦ飬һذɣ
µҵʦҲˣİգ
ĽǺЦлʦ㣡
̾˿ʦ㿴ҲĿ֮ǼˣŹġ
ɨһۣһЦᡣ

ʦ̫Цһ򣬵ĥٵ飬ɨ꣬ǿԹң
ĽͷɨҪߡ
Сһɨõöԣʦ̫һɨ㣬һƣֻߵ˰ɣ
ĽЦæͷ
ѾһǱСӣʦּ죬˺ѷ֡
лʦĽЦ
Ȼ񣬲׺ҲѾͻͽӦ֮ȴԶû
һȴʹ֮±롣
Ŀʼɨ̨ףһ£޷ɨꡣ
ȥȥɣʦ̫ڰ֡
µһЦŤͷȥװû
ʦ̫ףӿԼСȴһЦҲǶԼأԹԼ̫ƫСһˡ
СһҲȷʵϲԾˣҲȻЩɫݣĸ˶ܲס
Դ˵ıԣʹ𷨾տȻҲ޷˷ģΨǿѹסһ±´һ֡
ңʹǲ£ԼʦԾмӣɼĵԼ
ӣֿɿ¸ɿ
СԼʦͽʵĸŮ䣬ɣԼҲ֪ﵽʲô

ӱȻ֡
һϮú϶ȣ磬õбȭʦ壬ʦ㣬ʲôô
ĽƲƲС죬ûдк
֮ľǸӣʶһѧ˹УĽһ
Ľƴز׺ɽʹʦ̫ʩչ컯Ȼ
һǶԹȴֲˡ
ʦ̫¡
µʦãҼලտȻ͵
ҪʲôӱбĽһۣЦʡ
µɨ̨ף
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ʦ̫ЦĪҪ˽ǣ
ӱæʦ壬ͷİգһ˽
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Ľ̾˿ʮһɨ㿪ʼɨȰ޼ǰ̨ɨɾˣȻߡ
Ժ뱱ԺȻҲ̨ףȴ٣Ľɨɾˣӱһֱ󣬸˫֣֡
һߴһ죬˵죬ˣڷԼϣΣܷǶ˵ġ
ĽҲᣬһ߻Ӷɨ㣬һǱĴĦ䡣
СӣؾƳɣղųȥĻᣬˣȻ
һ飬Ѿסһ䷨䡣
䷨ϣϢ˺ѷˮʹ
仨⣬ˮ飬ȡһ䡣
ķ񣬺ܿţһɨȥι֮ڽԱɨ
ˣӱɴ죬ٶ˵ֻǽ󣬿ַ죬һɨȥ̨׾ɨˡ
ĽһãһɨأһߴĦ䣬ɨŵԽԽᡣ
ǰһι˺΢紵ϢУѾ̨ף̨ױһɶ

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ŵ⣬ЦЦȻ֪Ϊ㡣
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ӱһֱߣģĬȻȡЦنˣ˹ԹŮĽĲϰߡ


182 
ӣĽúƽÿ糿һʱ׺񹦣ݺһԷ
Թ˷˻ţ޼µ䳡Ľɨ㣬ʼɨ̨ס
ɨ̨׵䡣
ĻԽԽһɨ㣬Ҷ೾֮ȥһ΢
ã΢ִ˲ƣô书ӣľ΢ݣϲǺϷһ㣬Ȥ
ÿһɨ㣬һ䣬̨ɨ꣬ÿһǧ飬֮졣
ңÿһʩչȫͶ룬Ŭ򵥵ظǿȣܲס߶עʵں޷һֱ֡
ȴ޾⣬Уִ˲ƣ
ȴ֮£ͻͽһǧһºѾ¯ࡣ
һɨ̨ףɨƵģǳ֮϶ɨ㻺Ҷ೾׷˹ɨǰɨ

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ӱһֱߣۼ֤ľ֮Ϣǿʤͷ
֮Ȥ̫Լģ۲ĲֱӸ˵ˡ
Ļ̾ʦƫģʦɨ̨ףȴ书͵ʵڿɺޡ
ʦţʰȴˣ΢Ϊһ£ʦһ۱һֻۣˣʦӡ
һʵˣݺݳʵƽֻһɽʱٺúʰһˣ
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޼ЧʴԶʤԼԺУһֱϲ޼
մУʸ޼ģΨһ˶ѡ
һʱһչ䣬ϣȻΪʵʡ

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ÿ峿Ľɨ㣬밲⼸ȴӰӣʦ̫֡
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˭ʦ̫Ц
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ʦ̫΢ЦѽտȻǺѣܴɨأѵá
¶һ˿΢Цѽ
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ȻƲ̫أ壬ϣһĳͷǸ
ݺıͣԼѣȷʵѵá
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Ŷʦ̫ȻЦ
µͷҲˣư磬⾳Զò׺裬ʦȷʵ
⻰˵óϿңԴġ
׺֮裬ᣬȴ޷˵·һǣ𣬵𵽵ʲôоȴ޷ֻ
׺֮ҲˣֻᣬԴʦԭתȦʼ޷͸żȴ޿κΡ
տȻܽ⾳ڻУɼ֮ԼԶԶҲ룬ǳԲ׺񹦵Լһ

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ʦָָ̫ǰ棬ЦտȻȻˣ
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ոս׺񹦵㣬ȲĹ
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ĽЦЦһڡ
ʦ̫һ£סһȻСӣ
һɺȻ֮ӿɽк£ת֮ȴ룬Ȼ֮־ۣ仯Ī⣬һʱ˵


183 ѧ
ʦ̫Ц绨ͷѣããȻ˲׺
ĽЦʦҲ֪׺֮
ʦ̫ͷǰֻ˵㣬һ׺񹦵ʾտȻǳʦɽߣ
ĽһЦɽߣ
ôãеˣĸĸ磬㣬ɺã֣ΰ׵ɷڣɵŮɺãǣҡ
ʦ̫Цеģ׺񹦵㣬ɽߣտȻȴɡ
ĽЦҪɨһ꣬ɽ
㵹Ǹˣʦ̫쿩Ц
ӳüģ;Ȥ̲ס׽Ū

Ľӣһ󣬵ӿɽ
ʦ̫Цŵͷûٷһɽߡ
ĽǺЦϲá
ʦ̫üһߵ׺ɽôã㲻Ը
ĽЦ׺ɽãϧҸĸֽ㲻ڣôòҲ֪ˡ
ʦ̫Цеĵð죬ǽǡ
Ľһ£Ƭ̣ҡͷʦãҸĸ벻ᣬѽ
ǵҲǡʦ̫ͷЦˣǲңѣԼĹѣ
µ֪ʦܼﻹʲôˣ
ĽЦĸд磬÷ִ£㣬ӳִУ⻹һСѡ
ֲáµͷ
ϴε£ʦ׽ӳ֣Լ֣ӳֵλȻ֮أѰ˸á
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Ľһ漴ҡͷЦлʦˣҳڼңҲϰˣôԶ·̫
ʦ̫ͷǺãҰܷ꣬ͻȥ
ֵտȻ˵СԲһ׺񹦴洦
ĽЦŵͷ
ʦ̫ЦһɣҵЧΡ
ĽӦˣʦһѰЩġ
ʦ̫ð죬澲Өѧѧٻ
ǡĽӦ
ʦ̫տȻӨ书㣬ĪҪСƣڻϼ츳׺ɽ˿ɱȣѧҪϧ

ʦ̫һԸ쾲Өܿ֡
һϮɫա
鵭ģһ񣬵ʦ壬кηԸ
ʦ̫һָǰ棬ЦӨ˵
쾲Өƽݣϥ棬ǡĽԣһԣףǴкû顣
ʦ̫Өкһ󡣡
ӲҵʦԸˡ쾲Ө
ʦ̫ЦǴʦͷ⣬Ѱҿɲͷ㣡
쾲ӨһЦ
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üʦ̫ӣ÷Ĵӣܳľ쾲Өӣƽͣĵüʦ̫ء
ʦ̫տȻ׼ѧæһ
쾲ӨüһƳƳĽ¶Ϊɫ
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쾲ӨһĽʦ壬΢ĩ֮ѵǴ֮ã»ᵢտȻʦܡ
ʦ̫ЦеǫʲôտȻϴ߻ħʧķ裬£ԲӴһ¼֪
˵⻰ʱӨ΢죬ˡ
֪쾲Өͷ
һ֮УĽദδ޼Ҫᱡʦ㣬˵ɫĽӡ󶸵ı仯øоͳ
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쾲Өһһ¡

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쾲ӨҲǲ׺񹦣ʸ񼫼ѣһֱڵ㣬ٳ޷㣬һĲˡ
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쾲ӨͷǣСԲʦ빬ʦö츳ѣ죬񶼽˵㡣
ʦ̫ǿ׺񹦽ô죬򡣡
쾲Ө˲֣Ϊʲô
Ϊһʦ̫ЦһָĽտȻһСԲ빬һ쵽⾳׺񹦣ͻͽһǧһֱڵ㣬ǷҲͻ˵㡣
쾲ӨʱݣȻ
ʦýһֱڵ㣬ٳ޷ͻƣҲʦżɲ׺أоֻᣬ޷ԴҲΪ
Ī˵ԼʦʦǣҲΪġ
񣬾ʦͻƣƾһϢǿһ»ȥĵȻ
뵽ˣͬСɣԼ׺ɶԣҲǾأ׺ɵʵǣ˵ɳ£
뵽ʱ鼤ɷ
ʦ̫ʣ׺⾳뻭УӨ𣿡
쾲ӨһѹͷƬ̣ҡҡͷӲɡ
׺񹦵⾳ʣ壬ţ뽫뻭Уܡ
տȻʦ̫
漴ҡͷտȻһ㣬ûʦָ㣬ǲ׺ɽ㻭һָһա
쾲ӨתͷһĽͷǣ
Ľʮһ񣺡лʦ㣡
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Ľ̾Լһ֣ⲻʦǷԼˣԼ뿴ɫˡ
ƤĶںֻЦЦ

޼̨£ȥݺı󣬸źԶݺı뼸˴һš
Ľͣ½Ų۾
ݺı֣Ѿͷԭģˡ
ĸΧǣĸݣɫ俥һİȻ֮ɫŪĿˡ
Ľü̾һһ컹ˣ
ԤһĵݺźаԵǸŭԣ򲻹ֻš
Ҳŵ׺Ź棬ŵӲ׼ŵӶ֣ϳͲ
ݺһֱţԶˣһţЩܲ鷳


184 ݶ
ĽվڸߴûֻԹۡ
˳жֵˣΧۣ俴ݺı
ͷһˣθߴԲԲװ֣վȺУȺź⡣
Ľüû
ĽȻţֱմӣŵǺİһűչ˲ӣ޼鷳
һֱǰˣˣɨ̨ףûŵӽӴ
ңɨ̨ףһ£רע䣬ˣģ֪ҿ
һڲ׺ɽϣȣŵİ

ݺı֣һ˫ȭײһȭһȭȥʹö졣
˫ŭƴܣֻ׼һƴᣬ˵ͬʱҲš
˱ͷҲͷֲűˡ
Ǹ׳ԹۣûжȴģһԴ磬һϰգ
һ˵Դ磬ȥù
׳תͷ˵һۣ֣ͬŵӶ䣬ööʽ书㲻֪
ǰ˵֮ˣԼʮ˾꣬ò죬ɫݣü̶ۣƲֺ˵˷С
۷ź⣬ߵİֺٺЦûˣɱһӣ˭֪
죡׳üɫһ
ֲУĺ֣ңŹ飬ɱǣҲˣ
ǣһʱͿԴ侲ĿԶͷ˫ȴ˸
ĽվϷ˵ĻԼһüˡ
Ŀ磬ֱ͸գ̽С
оõæתͷȥԶ̨ϵĽ
ʧôˣã
׳תͷȥĽ۾Цúã
תͷĽɫһ䡣

Ľ£һ̨һ̨׵£ɮۿƮ
׺ɵӶഩװŮڣһɮ۵ģʦ̫üʦֻ̫ˡ
տȻĴѺ䶯׺ɣ˵ӰȻ˷֮¶ڷ硣
һ¶ڷ磬תֻһǿտȻ书֮ǿºУʵеһ֡
ûĽô˵Ҳмţмֺ档
ʱôԶܸоһɽѹ£˫ϥ
ĽһһߣݺıǱڼսСܣʽȭͷˡ
ƣһһڻߵ˸ǰ
׳ӭȭ΢ЦտȻʦܣþòɺã
Ľͷʮһ񣬵λʦ֣ʦܣʦкε֮λʦΧ
Į˵ֱӣҩζ
׳Цûʲôֻǽѵһ˰ˣ֪֪أĪҪ̫
ĽЦŴϵĺЦأɹ棬ѵбĹأҲ֪λʦֿҪ֪֪ǣ
տȻʦ˵Цˡ׳ЦЦ
ûô⣬ͬŵӲ֣ңŵ컯Ҳ
޿֣ʶͬŵĸ֣̫˼ɡ
Ľ䴫˵书ߣزǿѨ磬ܷٶ֣Ҳ¡
Ľһָ棺ʦ֣סְɡ
ʦҡҡͷҴſ˵̫˳˼ԡ
ĽЦһҡҡͷһȣʧݺı֮䣬ұһ
飡飡飡飡ĸ˷ˤʯϣȻһûж
㡪ʦһָ

æܳȥˣͷ鿴ǵƣɫ࣬ٴеģ
ݺıһ𣬴ڴʪͷɢң֮׵ӣǱ֮
ݺֱտȻﵹæҲһſˣ
ĽЦЦݺ᣿
ݺߵϻĪ߻ħˣϲ
ĽЦҡͷѣԹңԹңʦ֣ܲó
ıٺһЦ׳ģȷʵһˡ
ݺҲǿȥϴĪ˵϶
Ľ̸ЦЦ˿Լ׳ɫ
ܿ죬ܹյߵ˵
׳üѣŭһߵ죡⣡
ҡҡͷ̾˿ֿĽԴ磬߲亦ѽ
׳ڰ֣ͷĵЩӣԸˣԣԸԼˣ
Դ硭겻
׳һ֣ߵѽĿ⣡ΪƾԼ£֪ùţ
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׳һ֣ͷĵԣЩֶζ¾ϲ̨棬ôޣ
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Цλʦĺûһ֮ͬ飬ҷȰʦ֣ԶһЩΪ
׳ɫһտȻʦܹģ
궹۷ų⣬Цһʦ֮ƣ֮أڴ˲񣿣
ĽüȻνǲ׺ɣ
ЦмĵһĽܵõƫ˵
Ľҡͷҽ˱ûʲô󰭣һȻתȴҪûɱǣ޻ңĳίʵݶ
ɫһ䣬漴Ц뵽ЩǺݶ

༸תͷ˿꣬Ľ
Ľ΢Цʮ˲ڿ˵Ǽ٣ʦףβ
ת׳꣬ЩڣһתͷĿӴտȻʦܣǼܶˣ
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һأֱӱչȥ
ݺῴǷɳȥŤͷտȻֶ£
ĽЦԼ𣿡ϼ˵գ
ݺ᲻ؽе˵ƾǵı£һ֮׼ܰǸſ£
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ݺһЩһ۸ˣ޳ܣЩͬţǶˣ
ıΪȻĵͷ
Ľʮˣ˼
ݺ״ĨһǵЦߵտȻҪðˮˣ
ı˳ĽĿȥտȻ˽зۣǳĹͷʦսթɲ
Ľͷü룬ǰżһ㡣
տȻǡıһ
С֣ݺ᲻ͷĵһۣߵ⻹ûտȻðˮҪСأ
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ıһ˿գ
ĽЦŵͷİգûµġ

ڶһ磬Ľɨȥ޼ʦ̫ϣݺݵ
ĽһЦʦôˣ
ʦ̫ߵִˣ
Ľüëһͷǣмһ۸ѣ·ƽͳˡ
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ĽЦҡҡͷ
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ĽЦʦҪô
ټһꡣʦ̫Ц
ĽЦҡͷʦûʲôϣɽˡ
ʦ̫ЦҲ֪ռŹˣݲΥܵίɣ
Ľͷ̾ðɣʦ˵þΣ
ʦ̫Ц첲ˣǸСֻء
Ľһ£ʦΪһᷴɣ
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Ľͷתˡ
ЦȻĲ˳ʺԼµĺ֣û⣬ⷽۺܿ߻ħ
ֱ֪ۺΣգȻ书ǿĺݺڣʤǵˣֻܳȥˡ
ôɱˣֻ


185 
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£Ŷصˬอ飬ƮƮģ˵
ĽһתԪһ˼׺񹦡
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׺ÿһ㣬һ֣澭£侫ȴ֮
澭Ȼʣž仯
׺ȴͬڵб仯پԣΪЩӾѾһš
ЩһţһȴԣҪһһҪֿֿӦ֮ںһġ

׺񹦾Ҳѣͬ澭ֱѭһȻγɸԵ
׺񹦵ڵԴľ仯ضľν޼ѭ
Ľ룬׺էǵķȴǷķ
ľϵΪܽһ㣬ľɾͣ˹书룬Ƿˡ
Ľһֱ˼ǵĲ׺
ʦ˵׺ܻȥһֱɢɵԭԽԽǿһ죬޷ѹƣȡ
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Уȷʵףǡԣγƽ⣬Ϣ
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ϣָģûУָָѹƽָ̫ʵʦ̫Ҹ档

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ĽҲףԼһָίʵѣôףҲָһ֦ˡ
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ϧ׺ʵʣҪҲǼ£һʱ֮䣬ûʲôչ
ҲûйԵˮʯ֮оһ죬ܹģ׺ԭ׺񽣡
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¡
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ɨ֮ʱеĹ䣬ͬʱԪ
ʱţķѱȥԪȴһֱδϣԽ
ë׿أϢתΪˮԲˮš
׺ѾһȦһС˴㣬һٶȣһ֮Ҫѿ

Ų׺񹦵ļ񣬵٣΢΢ˮӣ·ȫΪˮֻе֣ͬһɴޣأΪ
Щˮת˲׺񹦵
˵㣬׺Сɣγƽ⣬Ȼˮ
תҺʵı仯Բ׺СɣȻ
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ĽһԾƮ䵽СͤС
쾲Ө»ʣתͷףտȻʦܣˡ
Ľʮһ񣬵ʦ㣬;ú򡣡
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Ľרעװûע⣬ֻרעڻУܿ죬һǰ
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ڻ쾲Ө輫ͨɶ˵˼Ը˼룬Ҳʶ˵Ҫš
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ܽõģĪǴ书츳͸ͬʮ꣬곤ʮꡣ
峿ǽϣԭĲ׺Ž׻һ׺ɽͼ


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߻תȥգۼʧ٣

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տȻСԺ׺񹦡
һӣԲ׺񹦼Ϊԣе˼棬ԭ˵㣬ŵ߲Զ
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򷨣׺񹦴ռˣǰ漸ףȴѣ漸ģ
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ʱž켴ңҼ죬ļģã÷ŵĹ۷ڲ׺ɽգһԼУ׺ɽ
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էһûܼĿӭ磬ճԼһ㣬һתͷȥ
׷ͯյĻߣ˫ĶԼƣĽɨһۣʮ񣺡ʦʦʦ塣
ʦ̫տȻ̫棡
Ľʮ񣬼˻ߣо죬ȥλֻʮģ̫ʦˣ书Ī⡣

Ǹúӡ߸׵ͷ
ʦ̫ЦһտȻ벻ã
Ľһ漴ɽߣݲã߲ˣˣٽò١
ߣóʲôطˣɫһȵ
Ľʦ̫ʦ̫мֻģЦտȻ̫õġ
ĽȻͷЦЦû˵
ɫ䣬˫Ŀ磬ƱˣϷ㣬ã
ĽһüëЦЦ̫棬ӻᣬǳˣδݲ˰ա
Сӣ쵹ӲЦ
ĽЦЦƽ͡
ʦ棬ʦ̫Ϊѵĵ
죬ҲýҲý
ʦ̫ΣЦҡͷտȻҪʹӦ˰ɣѵʦۿˣʶ̧١
Ľ΢ЦҡͷѶʦȫ


187 ǿ
ʦ̫ԲݺһۣĽȴֻ΢Ц
ЦÿСӣϷҪͷ׶Ӳ
ӰһĽǰ̽ĳ
Ľһһӳ
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ЦһԶԶһư顱һ죬Ľ˳ȥײϱǽϡ

Ľ𣬻¡
߸׵һ٣һĽؿڣٴη˳ȥǶǽ
ʦ棡ʦ̫Ž
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ΪԼһΪ׺񹦵㣬׺ɶ֮ˣһԼ޼ʶһĸ֣ԲдԾӡ
Լ̫ǳˣ̫书֮ţ˼飬Լ޻֮
߸׵ͷСӣֲð书ȷʵס
ʦ̫ʦ棬տȻղ񹦣̫ǳȻɴ򲻶
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ˣλˣнղ񹦻壬ͷǳ΢

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Ľǣ̫棬ֻѧһ׹򡣡
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ʦ̫ЦտȻרעڲ׺񹦣ɽûʲôʽ
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üʦ̫տȻʦ˶ʮӣѧʮ꣬׺Ž¯࣬ʦʵĪĻԵҪúϧҪˣ
ĽͷӦǣ̫ûô
üʦ̫ЦʦƢе㡭۵ģҲǵģõʮţȴһҲƲϡ
ʦ̫ߵտȻ㱻ʦ濴УʺãӲͶƢ
ĽȻ򣬾ʦԼǣ̫洫Լ书ΪԼӲա
ȥɣʦ̫ڰ֣ûĸˡ
Ľʮһ˳޼
ڶ峿ɽһС


188 ƽ
˵ǳʱȴǰˡ
νĺɽ޼࣬޼罣£ֻмɽסˡ
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Χ꣬ߴ׳ϡ
ֵ˺ϱеıУһƬеı룬ȴѿǿ

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书겻֣˭Ҳ֪ǳ
ɽǰУ书ǿʤʦ̫ʤһ׺ɵһ
ɽ֣ݸݲ˲֪еӣ֪Ҳȼ˶ѡ
Ľǰʮ̫档
ת俴ˣ
Ľǣ´һЩ
ڻûʱȴ˵ˣȻҲĽԲֿᷴԡ
ͿĽۣ˫ĿտտҪ͸Ľģεѧʲô򣿡
˵ŻСͤǰĿյϡ
һ߿յطԲʮףСǰ˼γɣΧΡΡƣէһӡ
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Ľʦ˵ʧĲ׺
Цǲ׺ʧʲôߴɣȫǹƨĸǲ磿
Ľͷ׺̹Ƚָֻǿ̫д˵ز١

һƽ飬ߵڣֻΣѲ׺Žˡ
޷ԭ׺ôĽʡ
͵һۣôܣǰ˴޵УܴôɣСԲˣ
ĽʱЦ̫桭
δսӣͣЦ
ĽЦеԣ޷֮£ǡ
ҲԷƱͺߵղʧûɹЩ㶼ܳɣ׺񽣣Сһ
ĽΨпЦҡͷѡ
һۣտտСӣ֮ǰŪ׺ҾͰˣȥ
Ľ棬ͨоɱ
֪̫治Ц̾˿뻹ԭ׺񽣣þָͨѧһײ׺ָʦ˵㲻öѧ
šͳΣָǿϹҵİ׺ָµĽָָȻȴߡ
ǵĲ׺񽣡Ľտڣͣסˣһϻ
Ȼ۾һɣߵ׺񽣱ȣ׺ָָЬ䣡
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һ£ʥѩҲһָ˪ָҲǼǿѷڰ׺ָָ
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ЦߣָѰ
Ľ˪ָΣ
ЬҲ䣡Ͱڰ֣ʥѩоɣһӣȥܲѧ˪ָ
ܳ𣿡ĽȻ
ָ֮⴫ģԼǲ׺ɵĵӡ
ɫһ壺ٷϻָ㻹ѧʲô򣿡
ɡĽ
͵ͷţĽһ飡

Ľνʣѧһһ÷ʮ˽ǬལԼʦ̫
˸ɭɭӳ͵
˪üҡͷѣĽͣʣʱߵƨͨƨͨҲн
ĽЦԼúܺˣ죬ˬɣƮƮȥ
ⲻнͺߵ
Ľʣ̫棬Ĳã
ͺߵϾʹˣ㣬ʲôн
Ľ룬Ǳ𣿡
ߣ֣ͺһһ㽣ٺҲûã
һֹ֣ĽĻѧƷ
Ľ˷ܵӦһ书ѧȻãң̫ѰС
һ½䣬ɾһƷ죬һĿȻоʽ򵥵ĽЩʧ
ƣתͷˣ
Ľͷ˼̫棬ʲôƷ
׺ơ͵ɨĽһۣƿ˼ȴ˵һҿ
Ľ³ղŵƷһ顣
žЩʽż򵥣һûʲôѶȣԼʱȴŤ쳣Ծ
ͺߵ۸ֵͣ
ĽӦһһ顣
֪Լȱ㣬ֽ˼άģѧһ飬飬ı飬ֻҪͺá
ȴͬһ飬ӦһЩƫƫ෴Ťˣ
ԹۣһԲ
Ľһһ飬һһƢаˣҪòɡ
һ飬죬ѪӿǺ죬ͣˡ
ʱյҲ䵽Ľϡ

͸ҡͷһСӣ˰ɣƾʽѧ׺ƣЦ
ĽЦͷˡ
ֲˣĿסʽȥĦ˵ѧЩѧ
ɵľѧδ͵ѧȥȻؼķ
ָ̫㣡Ľ
ͺһ˵һһʽ
Ľһ飬ƷϤᵽŤ֮ʱһָ㣬ͨ˹ؽڣʱ˳ˮһкǧ
ѧü죬纣ˮ
ָĽ飬һʱѾģֻǷȱˡ
Ʒɲ׺Ԧʹָʹ֮ϣδʹδδʹδʹվδ¾
ʽ򵥣˾ȴӣһˣѧˣûһºѡ
ʽ򵥣ķӣĽθڡ
ƷѧˡĽһ󣬵ͷ׵һ뽣С
ĽȻ뻯У
һƷһңⶼѾͷ̵ʲôһºң
˵գڰ֣Ӱһʧˡ


189 
ĽصСԺʱʦ̫ڵţСͤжյϸЦӯӯ
ƽʱĮȥ¶ЦݣԽԸС
ЦݶָĮ
ʦ̫ͷЦĵտȻǹҪǱû뵽㻹ȫˣ
ĽЦҡͷСͤм䡣
Լһյ裬һڣЦʦ̫Ƣôã
˼Ƣ꣬˿ɱȡʦ̫ͷЦһΪҪһأ
ĽЦ̫Ҫһԭ׺񽣣ɾɱҡ
ʦ̫ɫ䣬æ棿
Ľͷʦ̫ü𣺡ɲʦɱ˲գ۵ģ˵óõ
ĽЦҡͷ

ʦ̫üһ뻹ԭ׺񽣣Ψһ
ĽӲ׺֣
ʦ̫ͷңЩһֱûţг˲׺ָ׺̫Զǿ׵ġ
Ľͷʦ˵Ӳ׺ָ׺֣
ţֻˡʦ̫ͷЦǣ㻹ٽһ׺ɣ׺񹦴ɣʩչ׺񽣣񣬲׺ʧ׺ɣܾãʲôϵ
Ľüͷ
ʦ̫տȻ컹һ¡
ʦԸǡĽЦ
ʦ̫Цʦǰ֮ˣҿɲָʹ
ĽЦҡͷ̫洫Ҳ׺ƣҪΪ
ʦ̫ĵ׺ƣû뵽ʦ澹ѹ׵Ĺһ´ˣ
Ľʣʦ̫׺ǿƷ֮һˣݺὭ
ĽͷЦʦкηԸ˵ա
ʦ̫ЦտȻǵմӣ֮𣬿Īˡ
ĽͷմӱŵӸһ㣬ƽ︺ָ㸨ŵ
ʦ̫쿪ʼָ㱱ԺӰɡ
ԺĽһæʦԺ
ԺŮӣԺеӡ

ʦ̫һۣǲ׺񹦣Ժ߷ʲôǣ
ĽӣεʦһҪ
͵ÿһʱʦ̫ߵòɨֻ̨ҪһʱٳһʱҲûʲô
Ľɨ̨ٶ죬֮¯࣬죬һɨȥɨ̨ס
Ľ۾Ŀᶨεͷǡ
ʦ̫¶ЦݣŶĻԴѾͻƿ
Ľͷһӣٻ
ʦ̫վЦĵãǾͲСһǲߣ
Ľվ̫죬ˡ
ĽӣǺЦʦˣ
ʦ̫һۣСӣûģʦ棬Ʋʦ
Ľԩϲ˵ġ
ʦ̫䣬δĴ뿪ʼգһԲ·û
ٳ֮ʣʦ̫쿪ʼ磬ȥԺ䳡
ĽӦ
ߺʼ׺ƣ׺׺ϣԽԽУ԰Ρ
һһ죬ۣȣ¾ӯ·˯һ
нղ񹦻壬ʱǿ׺ֱּ壬֮׺ѵУ֮ʱȪУ˵ۡ
ԽԽ׺򵥵һʽȴȷ书޾ӡ

ڶ죬Ժ䳡
Ժ䳡λһ㣬ߣһƬ֮أĽûʱѷ޼µ䳡
ƽʱǶԸȥ޼µ䳡ŮУɷ֡
ӰģϲֵģڸԺԺ䳡ԼСԺУ˹ЩֻСȴϵĳɼ
ĽһԺ䳡СԲӭ
һϮڳװŹ⣬üЦܹտȻôҪָǲ׺ô
Ľͷš
Ҳӯӯִڶоװ񣬵ü㲡
ֻĽһۣû˵
һ𣬾Ƭֿ̺Ľüʦ㣬ˣô£۸㣿
˵ŻȴСԲ


190 
СԲæ֣۸ѽǹ̫Ҫǿߣһ쵽ƴʳôȰҲƤӶĥ
¶һ˿΢ЦҲҪģ̫˰ɡ
Ľ̾˿书֮ջۣˮʯûһ͵ĵʦ㣬ҪС߻𡣡
ͷ
ĽһۣĿ͸֣еǣ㲣˪ʻ
ƵЦһ£תĿ⣬Զ
ĽƬ̣գʦ㣬ԺɣһҲġ
ҲȥСԲæ
ҡҡͷˡ
ĽüÿîʱԺ
áҡͷ˻˵л
ĽЦʦ㣬ɴӲлġ
ﲻ÷Ƶ
ĽЦ÷һعܱˣңҲŮͬޡ
СԲæͷѽѽ㣬ʹӦ˰ɣӦ˰ɣ
˵ţסƵۣҡΡ
ƿСԲֿĽɲ
Ľһ֣ˣôˣʦҾȥԺ
ЦȾΣһۣƬ̣̾˿ͷ
СԲЦѡ

ĽҲһһܣʮŮӣһɫװĴߡ
СԲΣüЦʣտȻǵ𣿡
Ľüͷһ壺û˹˵Ҫ׺񹦣
СԲɴҡҡͷûѽʡ
һԾʮ⣬סһŮֹΣƮҡͷտȻû֪ѽ
ĽЦ֪ʦǴʦڵҪԼء
һΧĸӦһ£ûʦ̫ʦ㡣
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һ˽۷׷ס
Ľ߹ȥŮм䣬߹ΧڵС
տȻʦ֣׺ͼ㻭ģһŮʡ
ͦӣӣ˫ۣ㲻þɫŮ˵ķ˱һζ
Ľͷһġ
ŮʣʦֵĻʦȣͣ
ĽЦЦһѧʦ㣬Ȼ硣
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Ůߵɶʦ˵׺ɽ㻭һ
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ҿҲǣŮߵ̧̧¼ε򢡣
СԲһɣһߵʦ㣬滰㶼Цˣ
СԲѾͷŮһߵҪԣ
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ȣһˣԹλɡ
СԲһƲƲ죬صߣһŮ˿տȻֿСԲ̧һߣ˻ؼ
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СԲ÷ʱǽĹҲĲƢŮҲܳ裬һȻԸ
Ľλʦãÿһʱʲô⣬ʣǿһ
ղŮߵǲ׺񹦵ģ
ĽЦŵͷ
˵գתԱһʯǰЦСԲ
֪СԲӦһ˳ȥһյϣ˫ֵݹЦտȻôѽ
ĽӹʦΥ
ǵմӣҪ˵ġСԲǰЦ㻹Ҫɨ𣿡
Ľͷһڣü
СԲ˫򢣬ͷЦŪЩòСС

˵ŻղŵŮ̧ߵտȻʦ֣Ҫǣȵ¶֣ǲǣ
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ģ浨ССԲһɡ
ĽЦֹ̧֣סСԲĻŮЦţҲãСԲǹаɡ
СԲݺݵһŮתͷһԾԾ飺ѽС˵㹦һǧǻûȹأҿɲǳԴ׵ģҪСģ
ĽһЦλʦãǹȥգ
˽żȻأĽƮɫ䣬ֻϺɼ
Ľ䳡룬ھſء
ЦӹŮһ飬æıܾܿС¹
ղŵŮɴ
Ľ¯࣬þۣ֮ˡ
Ƕǲ׺һ㣬żһ㣬׺֮£޻֮
СԲɡĽЦ
СԲ˷ܵʣȭ
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СԲ߳һν̣һĨѵǰ
ãĽͷ̾
СԲһ㣬Ѹг
б̤ǰһӭϣǡĨСԲһ£׹ȥ·߱ߴ磬һˡ
ĽˣСԲսĺߵտȻƾȡʤ۸
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տȻʦǳˣ˵ٻġ
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ΣЩˣʦȴû
Ľ΢Цλʦãʲôʣʡ
˵գصʯǰƷȻԵá
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ʱţһʱܿȥŮʮһЦ뿪ˡ
һʱڣû˹ֻСԲǰʸͣ
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191 ඥ
ĽصСԺ졣
û˹ţòȻڣǱ棬һĶã˼ڲ׺ϣλΪ
Ʒǲ֮ͬ죬ָﳡҪתʽҲԼġ
һֱǱ˼˼Ƕ֮ںϣԽԽζǰѧĽΪƷǰѧƷΪӡ֤ԽԽ
׺ƿż򵥣ϸϸ򣬾뻯ΪޱȣÿҪɣһ˼⣬־㡣
ȥķһֱ޷׺ƻΪ
Ҳ̫Լһʱ䣬ɵġ

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ԺţСԲ빬⡣
СԲɵϴϸտȻô
ĽЦ
ߣûСԲƲƲС죬첲Ժӡ
ϮĵԴֱ۴ĵףҡͷһЦСԲѾͷԽˣӴ֣̫
ƴһۣףСԺ
ĽҲͷʦöˡ
¶һ˿ЦݣҡҡͷСԲܽСͤУһƨ£ЦǼ㣬̤ʵղϽ˯ž
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šƵͷ
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¶һƿЦʣ̫ĥˡ
ĽȻͷΪ㲳ţǼ⣬ϮٿȻȥҪ׽
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Ľһȥ׺ͼɡ
šƵͷ
СԲҲڵء
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Ůˮģ׺񹦸ˮȻ

ʱ֣СԲһȥ˱Ժ䳡䳡ʯԣû˹
ĽȻԵãԳУ˼ݲ׺ŽݣԽƷԽ
һʱֱ뿪ȥ޼
޼УֻŮӣʦ̫£ϴߴ
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ʦ̫˰Σҡͷ̾ϢһϧඥķΪ޵ķķΪȴԹඥ
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ĽӦһȻ˳

ڶ죬ӱԺ䳡뿪޼ֻʦ̫һˣĽһζھǹඥ
ඥԾΪǿޱȵľѰɮ߱ʩչ֮
Ľѧȱۣӳ֣ΪѩӡΪ񣬿ʩչඥ
Ľľȴʩչ
գڴ죬ʩչˡ


192 ݿ
峿СԲ빬ƹĽСͤûˣĽָָС¯
С¯죬ڣƮ
СԲյ裬ݸˣЦеĵտȻôѽǲѽ
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Ľйඥ֮˵ɣ
ඥСԲ빬ƶһۣҡҡͷ
ඥ֮Դڴѩɽ֮ϴطԭԭͨ˷ģֺ֮˶ѡ
һߣʩչ˷Ҫ󼫸ߣ˼ߣԭҴУܴ·ӡ
ѩɽ֮ķţԭͬרעھ˳ƤңЩɮɿݣȴǿᡣ
ԭյҾ裬ǿҲע壬Ƥ˶ɺ֮߼ˣȻȲרעһ֡

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Ľඥ֮ɰܹؼܲܳ飬ڣඥá
СԲһЦȴ˵һ¡
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ĽСԲһۣСԲæȥЦݣЦڡ
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˵һ󻰣һʱĲ׺񹦣ȻȥԺ䳡ĽʯԣŮԲ
Ľˣڲ׺֮У˼Բ׺ԽԽ侫
Ծ߳ΣȴԶ⣬ɣһ¾ܡ

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ĽЦð
Ժ䳡û˴Ա۾ר˼׺ƣһһеĲ֡
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Ʒǲ׺ƣ򵥵һĿȻȴǡôлΪ֮Чӭ
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һʱЦ뿪˱䳡޼ſڵɨ㣬ɨԼ̨ס
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̨ףܾ΢ƣսִ˲ƣƷΧӣһɨ䣬̨׸ɾ汾¡

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һ˻ͷһʮÿ
ʮɨһۣͣһ´ۣкС
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ʦ˵ߴУݿյ׺ɽλããϺָܵݿյ
ǣЩҲ޹˼ɣĺ¡
׺ݿյ̫гͻ׺书׿ѹݿյһй˼ɣ̫ݡ

ʱ׺ɽʮа˾ûʲô¡
Ľҡҡͷɨ̨ף䣬Ƶһһ׵ɨȻԶ䱳Ӱһ̬ɮ
Ľһɨ̨ףһŲ׺ơ
֪У˰ɽȻ˽տȻʦ֣տȻʦ֣ȥ
Ļ̌ͷһŮվڼʮ̨׸ߴ⣬һŹ⣬Թĵ
Ľá
ɨ㣬ߣһ̨һ̨׵ߣŮţտȻʦ֣ѽ
ĽЦ
ŮΣݺݵ
ŵӣڱԺ䳡֮Ȼã֪տȻʦͣ׷
ĽߵǰЦʦãݿյʲô
Ůģȥݿյ书
Ľͷʦãˣ
˵أϾҪŮ
ĽЦû
Ůݺһۣץסߴ٣òС
ĽЦЦߣСӺãЩ׺Ĳ㣬ඡ


193 һ
˽޼
ߴ£ʦ̫üʦ̫˶߱ϣʦ̫УЦģ
üʦ̫£
ʮմվӺݿյʮվмʮףΪտ
Ľţңңʮһվ÷ע⣬ʮĿͶĽЦס
ʱʦ̫˵

ﱧȭʦ̫Ϸ⣬СǼʶ׺ѧСӣ书ɣС
ʦ̫Ȼ΢ЦѽҲд⣬СһǱ֪죬⽾
õúܣＷһ˿Цݡ
ʦ̫Цְɣ
һ֣
ʦ̫ЦĿġ
Ȼд裬ʤͷ
ѽʲôͷʦ̫Цʡ
Իͳһӣ۴СԲ覣תС
ǡʦ̫Ȼ
Ůɴ۾˲Ȼ飬˵ѵһ
Ϸصҹ飬ʮţģ֮洦󡣡
ʦ̫ͷЦǰ󷽣ҲС£ȡһö컯
ǡһϮīƮԱСųȥܿ˫ַһֻСƿ羫¡
ʦ̫Цö컯Ҳͷɡ
ʦ̫ôֱʣ΢΢ɫ
컯һҩֻҪһڣ´˵ɱһһҲ
мۣ޼ۣһö컯ʮҹ
ǣʦ̫ǿҵģŲţΪһʦ̫ܹͳһ컯
ʦ̫ЦĵǰǱСһǵȲ
ǰҪ˵˵صġ
ʦ̫׵ǵйأգһһ˭ܳŵӮ
ǳս
ʦ̫Ҳ޷ֻҪһһμɡ
۾΢УͷòΪģ

һվߵ룬ȭݿյǮһ㣬̲׺ѧ
ʦ̫ЦɨһˣͣĽϡ
ĽЦվʮһ񣺡տȻ̸С
վ쾲ӨʮһմУĩһվûʲôԡ
Խ촽˶˵ȥСʦܿɲӹ֡
Ľһ뵽࣬ͷ֣ӢۣȻԼͷͷɲˣʦʦ֣ûԼķˡ
Ǯһ´ĽЦЦСʦ㲻ɨˣ
Ľ΢Ц´˻ɨܷʵڲǮա
ǮһͷãСʦ
ĽЦЦҡҡͷҽƷǮֿý롪
ǮһνʣĽΪһĨ⣬˹
Ľ̤ǰƮƮһ˳
һ죬ſϣƮͣ
Ľ˺һʮ΢ЦǮ֣ã
ǮһŵĽ
ˮһ㣬ܾͰˣ£
Ǯһ㱧ȭ˵Ľ
Ľʮ΢Цλʦָ̣
һθߴӷһǻ֮С
ȭ˲¶࣬û뵽СʦƷ˾°۷̸У
Ľ΢΢һЦʮһ񣺡ԭǰ֣롪
롪۷ɻνһ̳һ䣬ߡ
λѨʱԱ仯ǳ
΢Цǵ⣬һ߻㣬ϳˡ

Ľ⵽ǰƮƮһĳ
ٴβſϡ
ڳֱֱ²һ룬һǻ룬һǰ룬ŷƮ
Ľ˺һ΢Цʮ֣ã
۷Ҳ¶֮ɫĽ˵Żع񣬱˱ȭ̾Ϣл
ʱҲ죬Ľκ󣬳ʦ̫λСʦ½ĵӣ
ʦ̫ЦҡͷտȻɽҲһţǰ˫ɮ֮ţ
˫ɮտȻ
ʦ̫Цŵͷˡ
Ȼףԭ˫ɮֲá
Ľ΢ЦʮһǰЦˡ
ﵭһЦõúܣա
ˣ׷׸Ľս֪УҲҪսĽҡͷȻԼľ
ĽÿֻһƣƮƮģ⣬һһܵ۽ξܱķɡ
һſϲϵ£һſڽ
Ľƣҡͷ΢Цȴû˵ȴöԶԣɫǺ졣
ǱһǻΪݿյĵӣǽ֣£԰еǫͣҲְȻ
һε׺ɣ磬ܲ׺ɵӣѹһͷݿյһڶ
룬ǶһСϣСеıݣĩˣˣأ
гһֱ˵׺书׿СҪǣǲΪȻʶˣ֪Բ顣

ĽЦĿŶ棬Цʦ̫ơ
ĿһϣǷꡣ
ͬһһܱɫ䣬糣۾۲ĽƷרע
ʱ˼վﲻûĽĿ⣬˵ĿҲۼȥ
תͷһۣģҲû˵յһڣ˫ɮտȻ鴫
Ľɨһ꣬ЦЦ
һüЦᣬĿⷳˣһ¿͸Լ˼
ĽתЦʦЪ
ʦ̫Цǰû⣬㡣
ȻĽãüᣬһתͷɨڵһۣĿ纮С
ڵæͷҿ
Ȼ̧ͷ˫۾â˸ȭݿյ־տȻʦУ
ĽЦͨô
־ĵãտȻʦƷý
ǾָСĽЦʾС
ãСˣ־ͷνһ̣ɣٶȴ죬һɱн
ĽܹĨ˺һ
ĽڿߣϢһԶʤǰˡ
Ľһֱƣ뿴־ĽݿյĽҲģǰΪ̫ǳö࿴һƽˡ
־Ϊ񣬿ɿһۡ


194 
־ûʧƳȣ鶯һأ֮ʣٿĻΪһӰĿѱ档
ĽֻܣһһʽۣһãԺԼѧԱȣԼıĲ׺Žȡ
׺ŽԴڲ׺ƣԾ߳ΣԶһ¹һ꣬꣬Ҳûա
Դǲ׺̫һ򷨣Ũ֮׺ŽȫЩ
ȻԳˣʱڣȫȴɼ׺ƣ޵׵ԨôھҲڲס
ȥݵķֹС
Լڤ˼룬綯ּ

תۼ䣬ʮйȥĽһζܣ࣬־｣ۻ͸鶯ףΧӰԺȲʡ
ʮմУ÷
ΪԼٴαչأ书ͻͽӦĽľ룬һأΣ̾Ϣ
÷ʱûƷ
˲׺ɣ̶һ£Ʒ˹ˣ°̾տȻţԳ֮
ʦ̫ЦţƳһ£רע鲻
־｣׿ʽȣÿһۼۻ鶯ʱţʽԽԽ
пԿȡʤһΣ죬ǿ
ĽƷ˫һģˣ²ͣܣ־Ӳӡ
־ĽҲ죬ԽԽ
֪ȴǿˣڻһץסᣬһ
׺ʮմӰԵǣݿյȴϲ־·磬ȴʮ㣬ʦֶܻܶԷ
Ż׺ӣüͷԾ
ãˣޱƴ
ϸۿӵĺ֣΢¶ƴӽƫƫƸйŹ֡
˿־ﰵԽпࡣ
֮УԽԽ࣬ѣøάֽơ
˺Լסˣÿһλ˿߳ţԽԽѣƴȫҲ޷
ٿԷ죬ܴݣ˫ƻ֡
־³Լһϣڱ˿ٹʮУҲˡ

һģ˫۾âţ٣һŭȣشǣı죬ٿĴĽǰ
Ľƻһ粽ǰ
׵һȻƫңĽգĽײؿڣ˳ȥ
Ľ˺һʮһ񣺡֣ˡ
־أĵײǺ죬Ĩһ֬
ѹ·ӿѪЦȭƷ¸ʰ·磡
ʦ֣ݿյӲ
־ڰ֣̾ض˵ȷʵˡ
תͷܡ
ɫ˫䣬ڰ֣ߵˣˣûʲô˵ģȥúù
ǡţ˻
ʦ̫ЦƳһĽЦɵԽˣϲɺѽ
ʦ̫˵ЦˣԶ
ʦ̫ɫ⣬ЦһЩĥܴ꣬ʣ
һ˵
ʦ̫ЦǻȮڲ׺ɽסһӣдд裬Σ
־һ⣬һ
һ£̧ͷʦ̫ʦ̫⣬Ϸˣţ
ʦ̫ҡҡͷ¶ʧɫЦҲˣҲǿѣϧˡ
ָָϵƿտȻգ
ĽȻʮǡ
˵գǰȡ˾ƿ뻳

ӻȡǴҹ飬ת˵Ŀ⣬˦һţ
ͣƿҹ黮ԣĽ
üʦ̫ü¶֮ɫһԴˣ߯խˣ
ĽЦЦһӳ
ҹͶһû˶ʮһ΢Цлǰ
ɫ䣬ݣüɫ䣬Ǹõģлһ˫ɮտȻ鴫
ҵĽ΢Ц
һվȭʦ̫дţϷҲն͸ˣ
ʦ̫Цɣ׺ɽ羰տȻһ׺ͼֵһۡ
ҡͷʢ죬ϷȻ£Ͳˣǣ
˵գʦ̫˵תߡ
ѣʦ̫տȻҪԼίʵɺޣգ
һӵתߣԼߣٴȥ̲סִ
ʦ̫ЦǰαؼɽҲҴңȥҲҴң˻Ҳ׺ɽʧء
üʦ̫һ½ʹ˸ɫʾʿɶֹƢãĪҪǷ
ʦ̫ȻһЦҡҡͷʾ޷
ų޼ʦ̫վסˣǽ´ҴңѾ̨ףʼߡ
ʦ̫վżЦǰߣˡԶˣտȻǰǣ
ǡĽӦһΣʧԭأߣǰ롪
۾һۣһߣһԲ
аûܷտȻĳ֣͵Ϯһ¶㲻

Ľ־ȴŲס־˲Ľ˵ȴҡ
Ľ쳣ᣬ˹δǾص佻ãк޺
־̾˿ҡͷϧտȻʦڲ׺ɣǿϧˣ鰵Ͷ
ĽЦЦ
־ŵ׺书ʺŮӣ˲ģ㲻öѧ
ĽЦҲһŶۡ
־ҡҡͷϧƾտȻʦʣݿյ£ɾ;ֹˣϧǿϧˣ
ĽһЦֵԽǸлдд衣
־ͷһ𣬾Լڣһۿ
֪˵ãտȻͶŵܡ
ԿϧĽϧ˲ţڲ׺ˣݿյֱ׷ʦ֣ΪݿյĶ
˵˵ЦЦĽһֱɽټ
ĽҲϧһ˵һʩչͨ־ĵع䣬Ǹɽ֮ˣϧȴݿյġ
ڽɼһɽʹԷֵһԼҲ顣
һɽߣҹ飬һϢָ룬ֱ۶ϣԺƲһ졣
ǰԣ֪䲻ףȴû뵽Ǳ飡


195 
˳ˣֻˮ񣬾
ǿ񣬶Щҹ״ϢԺ쳤վ֮£
˵أվ죬ǿˮ֮ں
˶ԣȴܿɹ
Щ˾񱾾ˮЩ仯ЧǷ
ǿ棬Ǵת˸ӵӦ֣ܾ΢ھǿᡣ
ңǿԦ磬תҲ죬书Ҳ

ͷһתۼ䣬ƮƮ޼
ڣĿ׷Ͷζ죬´
ʦ̫Цĵˣ
Ľʮ񣺡ǣʦǶɽˡ
ʦ̫תͷЦʦ㣬ܵϼһģǲǣ
üʦ̫ͷţܵСһ׿ȷʵǸ˲ţѹ̲ס
µһֱǺŴʦ㣬չʾһտȻˣýʲô
üʦ̫ͷЦ
ĽæǵӸģ͡
ʦ̫Цһڰ֣Сӣ͵ʲô˵˵ա
Ľ˼ЦЦӲؽܷͣԹֹ˵ӵĴ
Сӣɨ̨ʦ̫б
ĽСӣ˼ЦЦ
üʦ̫Ľֿʦ̫ͷţҿտȻÿ찴ʱɨиǸĹˣķɣţ
ʦ̫Ц¡
µͷտȻιͲ٣Եֹ
ʦ̫ڰ֣ɲɣǹǹܻΪһ̸ʦ㣬ʦã̫
ŮЦЦ˵ˣϾš
ĽСӣ¶Ц
ʦ̫Ƭֵ̣գһԱ
ĽΣʮлʦлʦ壬лʦ
ʦ̫ЦŰڰ֣տȻƷǴʦѧģ
Ľ̫ڡ
ţֲʦ̫ͷ
üʦ̫ЦտȻǺûԵô꣬ʦһأѵõ
ʦ̫ЦãǡöʦƢ

մĿ⽻ɫۣʱɨĽ
ǰĽ߻ħǿ᲻һܲ׺ɽ޵֣ǹȻ̾ȴŷΪʵ
߻ħܱסѾ书Ҫģû̫ȴǴˡ
̫ھѧֲƷ˹죬ȴֲʶ
Ȳѣ̫ײβһֱãӲǰɽǼš
̫洫书ӱΪ׺ɽеһ֡
տȻʦܵôԵ⣬˴ʦ㣬տȻĳɾͽߣɴʦ֮µһ֡
ζĿУĽԸˣת޼̨±÷ס
˵СԺһһ˵Щӵľ
֪УһԺǰĽСԺСֻԣɽСϪת˵ġ
÷еСС¯˵ĽһЩ״СԲơ
÷һϮԽׯ廪˲ֱӣԡ֮С
Ľ˵ùඥƣ÷΢ЦԼѣŬһЩմӲڻ£һ֮ٺò
ĽЦЦؿڣʦܹȥ˵Ĳ㣬ͿöˣϲС㣬Ҳࡣ
÷΢ЦԸˣ÷ǳ˲ţСԲأ
ĽЦЦСԲ٬ѣĥһЩӣ
÷ҡҡͷСѾͷҳ軵ˡ
Ľ΢ЦСԲ书Ա࣬ؿ󡣡
˵һ󻰣ĽǣСԺ

صСԺʱѾվ⣬ǰŮò毺ãһڶжװõΰס
վſڳ
ŲתͷЦտȻʦ֣
ĽЦʦãô
ŵʹˡһ˫͹
ĽӹˣһУһĨۣɭɭʱë𣬷Σ֮С
ýĽ̾һ
ŮЦտȻʦ֣˫һı
ãлʦˡĽ֡


196 Χ
ʦ֣ŮӯӯһЦ뿪ˡ
ĽĿ뿪ְγһڽһণԽ棬ɭɭ硣
ĽڱԸ̾ʦĴ󷽣񽣣÷½˿˶ԣν޼֮
д˫Լ绢ƾ˼ʵ
̾ϢŹҽ䣬š
˭ѽСԲ
ĽңСԲŰա
֨ˣСԲվ⣬ЦСѾͷ
ĽЦôҲͣ
ߣʦһģСԲ졣
ĽЦҡͷһˣʲôŤҪСģСˣѵġ
ߣ۸ˣСǰҲ£СԲֱ׳
ĽЦЦʦô
ûءСԲҡͷ䱦
ʽԹɫ쵣֮էƽϸܾ죬СԲĽһ¿ͬ

Ľ½ݸЦղһ֣ûϧˡ
ʲôѽСԲӹһ飬ϡһǣΧ½Щ
书ˣȻоõ
ýСԲԲѿ̾
˽Сͤ£СԲͷƽֳһڣһণԽ
ֺġСԲЦڽһһģһѩ
⻽ŪͷԿĽԼһյ裬ݿյĵӵսҳʰˣڽʦ£ǽ
һͷڽϷһߴ֣˿ƮƮ䵽ϣһΪ޳͡
СԲ˷ܵǱѽ
̧ͷЦܴ㱦տȻ㶨Ǵ
ĽҡͷЦЦûʲôֻһӶ֣˰ɣҹ飬ͷϣá
˵ţͳһöҹ飬ţ֮£ʣƻá
Сͤ氵Ըԣӳ֮£̰׶С
СԲ½ӹҹ飬ĿתãȴҹֽӹС
˰ΣŻع̧ͷĽਲЦеġ
СԲһ죬ߵôӣѽ
ĽЦݿյһλǰأӮˡ
ģСԲЦ绨治ֹ
Ľŵͷá

СԲС£һģ˿Ľתתֻһô
ĽһʮţһţСһţʦһš
ߣ㵹ģСԲһۣǾſѽҲҪ͸Ůô
ĽЦҲмλʦá
ߣһСԲһۣŤˡ
ĽСӣЦҡҡͷ
СͤһƷһ˼׺ƣͨν֣֮ԽԽΪ֮ѡ
һãԺģ⣬ʾղŽΡ
ƽʱݻ׺ƣ붨ʱվղ񹦣в׺񹦡
ʱվܴʱղ׺񹦣һãƽУɨأ˵ʱ볣죬
ڲ׺ɽУɨ̨ףȥ䳡ǴСԺȴ֪ͻͽ
ڳ֮ʣߺȻʦܡ
Ľæ̧ͷЦʦ㣬ˣ
վǰ֬ᣬӨȻ⣬֮ҲԾ¾׵٣ĽȻĶ
Цʦݹˣѽ
Ʊ¶һ˿΢ЦѩСͤȻ
棬ʦܣѽ㡣
ĽǺЦͷϲɺأ
ƵȻ΢Цඥ󷨹Ȼ·һ֮ѾǵˣЩĪ
ĽЦҲʦļԵطʾ
ඥ֮ʱǽľ룬ȥһСɣƽ⣬Գһ磬·һء
һȴ֣֮ں󣬲ͣת
׺֮ǿᣬһʡ

ڶգĽȥԺ䳡ʱսȻͬ
ǰŮģ͸һ㣬ǣȴͬһ˫˫Ŀȡ
Ľоóһǻ棬΢΢һЦʯԡ
ͣһң㣬ʱЦһͶ
Ľװ֪˼ʡ
ͷԳڲ׺УΪ׺ƣҪͻƲ׺񹦵Ҳˡ
׺ͻƣˮˮȻؼһʱ֮һ֮ԼҪһڣѲ׺ƻΪ
ԭΪףڲ֪졣
ÿθ꣬òˣһĦپǳԶܰ׺ƣֻƵ
һһ飬֮УƷ뽣ڼȴûԾ
˰ΣʦĽѾӣ
ӣǣۣտȻʦ֣˵һ˰ܾݿյĸ֣ǲģ
Ļ̌ͷЦЦţ١
ӣЦû뵽ʦ书ʧˣ
ĽһЦݿյһӣҲǶ˲ţʤ֮䣬ûʲôˡ
ӣֵտȻʦ֣Щӵˡ
ĽЦŴһۣʦãʲôҪģ˵޷˵Щ׻
ӣЩ˼ЦЦʦտȻʦдд衣
ĽЦţõġ
˵Ůм䣬ЦЦλʦãһϰգ
ӣЦտȻʦֺôĿλʦãǲܱСȥƴ
ãƴŮߴߴЦϡ
Ľֶ¶΢Ц
ӣЦտȻʦ֣Сǿýģ
Ľ΢Ц롪
ϣӣ߳һʿ䣬νʣЮһ
ĽܹỮһ΢Ц
УһŮν
Ľٴαܹ˫ƲͣĻ·Լһƣ̫ȭ
˼лĽ࣬ŮŲһһת۹Ѿˡ
˰˽ִһγһܲ͸Ľ
ĽУӰ֣᧿Σȴƫƫڼ䲻ݷ֮ʱܿŮĸ¡
Ľ΢Ц˫Ữ絸ƫƫ뽣Ӵ
Χڹؼʱܻƫһ֣ݱܿΧŮʼʱ˺졣
ʵûʲô̤һǺŲһ󣬻Լһˣɳаƫƫ̲Уһ㡣


197 չ
ǿŹŹ֣ҪǰѾռλãټȥ̫࣬˴˻谭
ǿż˽еʦ㣬ӰѾѽ
ӣɫǺ죬ӣһԲƥԽԽʢŮúȲʲѡ
ǽΪҲ񣬷д
ӣ˿⣬ϸϸüëţ⣬ϳâԽԽʢ硣
ԽԽʢٶȴԽԽΧ߱ˡ

ǸоԼУÿһǳԽԽѵƣȥĽ֣Լˡ
һ谭֮ǿԼƴȫȴ޼£೤һЩˣԾڵڹꡣ
нһﶼ
Ů֮һ漴νʮŮһӿееİ׷״
ӿĽ޴ɲء
úãһЦ˫ٿļӿ졣
ԣৡ׷ַ˳ȥ麣ɵĽߣת
ŮֿտգɵĺˣĿĽ
Ľ˫ƻӶʮƵУ˫ƵĻӶ趯էһ衣
ӣҧӣĽ
ĽǺһЦ˫һһƬʮϣ֣׺
ʦãλʦãˡĽ΢Ц
ӣҧ´ɫӣ۵˫˸Σ̾һʦ񼼣СŮ
ĽЦԴ٣ûʲô
ӣʣտȻʦ֣ǲ׺ưɣ
ĽЦŵͷǡ
ӣȻ޷Ʒ֮£Ҳ㶪ˡ
ĽЦЦû˵
еŮʣտȻʦ֣̫𣿡
Ľͷǣ̫ˡ
Ů࣬ʲôĶУͣƽϲʲôǰʲô򣬻׺񹦵ڼ㡣
Ľݣһһ𣬺޲֮ɫǵŮޡ

ĽλʦãǰǸд׺񹦵ģ书ǻλʦء
ӣʣտȻʦ֣Ĳ׺񹦾˵ڼ㣿
Ľ㡣
Ů׷׾̾
׺Խ棬ԽǼѣǶǵһ㣬ڶ㣬ӣǿǵ㡣
Ƕԣңңڣֻ
ӣҡͷ̾Ϣ˶ѽ
Ƕ֪տȻʦִſʼմӣһʱ䣬ֲܵóߪΣΪմء
Ȼ٣缸λմӣʦ㣬տȻʦţȴǴû
׺ɣҲ
Ľ΢ЦǰڹѾǳúãͷʼλʦòࡣ
ӣƲƲ죬ΪȻ֪ǫοˡ
Ľֵ׺񹦣⾳أﲻҪһζޣ۲Ȼ֮
տȻʦ֣˵СԲʦһۺ׺°빦ǲǣһŮͷʡ
ĽͷһЩڳԷĴﲻധĦһ˵á
ŮʣտȻʦ֣ʲôݾû
Ľҡҡͷ޽ݾ޼ԣ׺񹦣ȱһɣšλʦãΪ˵ʵǶ
ʲôտȻʦֵ˵޷ӣЦЦ
ĽˣҾʵʵ˵ʦöδò׺Уմȥֹֻ㡣
Ů׷ײ
ĽЦЦλʦò
ӣ˼տȻʦ֣˻
Ľʦֻ֪Ϣ֪֪Ȼ仯վһȻ֣ãȴ˼ȥ׺񹦽ֹڵ㡣
ӣʣտȻʦ֣ô˵׺񹦣һˣ
Ľö룬졣

һʱתۼţ峿Ľ˺ɽУ̫һϮֶ
һ࣬æӿŲҴǰ°̾Ѿǰһʱˣû뵽ˡ
˽ǰҪʮǰӰһһֻƵǰ
һףܲΨгӲӣˮ˲䵽ģӭȥ
顱һ죬ɮԹĵ͡˫Ųŵ棬һֱ⡣
̫桭Ľѹ·ӿѪæ
ߣСӣֳٵ
˵գӰһĽư¡
Ľš˳ƻͺһһײĽһѪӿ
׺ƾչĽʹһãһ˽ղ񹦣һ˲׺񹦡
ת۹򣬰йȥ
Ľʱƣ䲻ҪȴѪӿڽղ񹦾٣ûˡ
ղĲ㣬ƤڼѪ䣬ѪһĤ
֮ʣһӿĤʱһˮư㵴ȥȥΡ
ˮɵĤܶͣЧ
֮Ľ࣬һ󲿷֣壬ղĠǿͣԲˡ
˰УĽʮƣԽԽأҪˣĽ߾ȫ׺¡
ת۹ǰйȥĽɮ۹ĵҰݴ紵
СӣԵĽؿڣֹһ䣬Բ飬ƷԽԽ졣
ʱʩչ׺ƣƷ廨ţͷҡ

֪䣬йȥĽͷϰڣɮ۹ĵ˫۹εâ䣬ݡ
ɽ˫տտ磬ÿһƶӴӿΣĽһҶСۣȴǿĵֿ
˰ɣһ˺һ
ӿʱɢĽһɮƽеâȥָ䡣
̫档Ľʮһ
ʹһۣߵСӣû͵
ӲҡĽ΢Ц
׺Žˣʡ
ĽҡͷЦܣĳһ
ŶǼڽС
ϡĽνʣٿĴͣ硣
غˣסһĳҲޱȣ;òƣԼײϽ⡣
Ľģⲻͣ總֮ҡ
ͻȴܶ㿪ƾŲ׺ƣӲǻĽ
ĽƮڿнӹУЦ̫棬Σ
ţеϢ͵ͷһۣһмģչذɣ
Ľһ
üߵƽ߰²٣̫ģ쿪ʼչо׺Ž
Ľ̫棬׺̫͸˶á
Ҹ㶯֡


198 
ĽɣЦôҲ㶯֣
ĽæЦ̫˵Цˣ룬ղչأһ书졣
ϻͺߵŷףܾ˵ǰֳһηͷ
Ľ˼ĵʦӲΥ
ķͷٳͺߵмƲƲ죺һٺ֣;ܾ˵˵ģ
ǡĽͷ
ѾͷǺ֣ҡͷѣΪȻ

Ľͨµ̫˼躹ޡ
룬̫棬һǲչذɡ
һɣ˫Ŀտտ磬СӣҵĻ
ĽЦ̫棬ƽУȻ£ȴ
ЦмЦѵСӳɷˣ䴦УҲܾ
ĽЦЦ˫һϡУ˫Ϊ⣬͡
͡סһ˫ĳӰӭȴнæҵĺˣֱ˳Ĳס档
Ľ˫ǲ׺Žһʽ򲻴ȻˣղдУһ֡
ϣ󣬼ʹ񣬴æ֮£ԱƵæңЩǱ
Ľ°Цڱ˸ղŵĳ
ΪʮкڰƣռϷ磬׺Ž侫ϾֻһС
Ľһ䣬ལὣⱩǣûС
Խལὣȴʤһ
ãһӰ´£Բ׺Ӧת۹ְؾƣռϷ硣
Ľޣ׺ưԼԶ̫档
˴սٺϣĽٿսЦ̫棬Σ
СӣһĶãƣ
ĽͷǣӿһĶá
Щ츳ã滺ͷǸҪչأȫ˼ȥ
ĽʱЦΪȥչأȴŪɳ׾

̫ԼȻΥҡͷЦûж˵ȥǰɽʦ̫
޼Уʦ̫´ׯϣȻ
ĽͨڣŮۡ
Ľʮһ񣬼ʦʦ㣬͵ľ
ʦ̫ĲԸбһۣСһʦ㲦ҲĻԵɱʶô
ҡҡͷ
ĽЦʦƽæ书չ죬ηǱҪһط
Сһʦܺ𣿣ʦ̫ߵ´ǺҲһˣùµ
ĽЦһ첻ʦ͡
СӣȡЦΪʦʦ̫ЦָʳָһͣһָХ
ĽһΣæʦ
ʦ̫мֻѽɨ̨ҲкôغҪɨ̨ף
ǡĽϳҡͷ
ʦ̫ЦտȻʦ˵ֻʦƢãܰ
ĽЦнղ񹦻壬¡
ʦ̫һɣСӣٶ죬̨׾ɨһꡣ
ĽǺЦǣˣʦİգġ
ʦ̫ƲƲ죬мߣţƢиƨסˣʦ
ǡĽЦ֣صͷ
ʦһ˶˵ֻҲмַϡ
㣬ʦ̫һ˼ۣӻ֣ϽɣǼѵ𣬿ȥɽĥ䡣
Ľʩһ񣬵Ҳʦߣʦˡ
ʦܷȥաµޱ顣
һֱԱߣ޶ԸУĽèӣȴֻǿѹš
ʦ̫ڰ֣ҺϰʮҪչƵģ
Ľһ£⻰̫ԣʦˣֻðˣЦֺʮһ˳޼

Ľ÷СԲƣݺᣬıһĽָ̫ܵ㣬ȷʵԵ
ڶ峿ɽ֡
س¶ˬ·𱻵һˬ룬̫治˰ɣ
֣̫棬ȴĸӣĴġ
ĽƮۣ䣬ȥֵ
ĽǰһȻǸ֣֪׺ηʥǲ׺ɽô
仺ƮƮǰɨһˣʮһ񣺡λǰˡ
˶һۣͷ
һ˵տȻɣ
Ľͷǣ֪λǰմ
Ӵۣü߸ߵıӣӢϱߣȴӢˣһЦתͷˣ
ֵտȻõģԣͲ˵ˡ
ԭʦ塣Ľͣʦһʮһ񣬵λʦڴˣǵҰɣкηԸ
Ƿʦ֮һ㡣
̫Ǻ⣿Ľü
˿ЦҡͷʦҪĸԸ㣬ʤˣûʲô£ˣ첻
أĽʡ
˵Ҳһˣ첻ܳԷ
ĽЦ̫úݣ
ҡͷЦȴҸͣһɣҪͬϣտȻ䣬ʡ鷳
Ľ΢Ц²ţһλʦľѧ
˴ãдһȭŹ򣡡
һ䣬ͬʱĽ˹̽Ѹݣ˵־Ͷ֣
Ľܿ˫ƻʩչ׺ơ

ȭŹ򼫾ʩչͬ书ȭʩƣԿȡʤӰȭӰ
Ľʩչ׺ƣ˽һ֣ܽõģѰˣҸһ
顭ƣڽղûˡ
ǰģʦ治⣬ƶ£Ǿ죬Ƿſֽš
ԽԽأ߷ٱһɽ
ĽȻղ񹦻壬һƣˣ֮£ѪӿҲܲס
кԽԽۻ룬ڿ֮С
Ľߴȴƽ޲Ƿ·磬˰ֲͣñ̫濴С
ȻºҲº֣򣬴˳ȥûˡ
ָݣӰȭӰ顭಻
Ľһѹ·ӿѪһ߰̾ˣˣԼܹӦ׺޷
ĸˣԼȴӦ̫Լˡ


199 潣
ĸȴȻҲǾ棬ָݣþȫٶȸ켸֣ӰȭӰУĽסơ
ÿһƣαһͣȭ£ʱ򣬲׺һһ⣬߲ʮѾˡ
нղ񹦻壬ۻɽ꣬£
Ľ񾫴йҲЩһӦˣһʩչԪ
ë׽ԿԪ˿ƣϸ׹أŵ׷ȥڽӿת֮ˮС
񣬲׺㣬ȻСɣɢԻΪˮγ÷ʱתˮγУӿʮ㣬Ԫһһ±ȥ

ʱţ顭˴һţȴѷʤĽһãȻ쵽ղЩ
˳ˣѷϸ΢仯ɺԲƵľӶ΢֮
ϲȻ򣬹ֲЩӿꡣղȴ粽ԭǷŪˣ
һʩչԪһʩչ׺ƣһʩչղ񹦣Ȼͣƣȴһֱû¡
˺һøտȻʲô񹦣
Ľ΢Цղ񹦡
۹ɮĽղ񹦣ʡ
Ľͷ׺ԽԹˣѹ֮£Բ׺ԽԽʽӾǿǿ
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ءͻɽɽڡ
˽Աȭȭ͵һȭͷƿͻ֮ԣͻ˻
ĽһƮ󵴡
ֱر䳤ͻȻһ塣

ۣĽһ٣ͣסˣϿЦɢͻȻһ죬һѪ
ǰͷȭؿڣͷȭᣬ壬ȭȭԣ׼ȷޱȣȭײ˽ղ񹦡
ĽЦû뵽ȭ˺ݶ
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Ծ㣬ʲô뵤ڻ
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׻ƼȭרڼνһŹǰܲãҲʩչ
ĽѪ˿òˡ
ĽȻ۽ӡǶپæȭ󳷣һסȭͷǿǾβ
סһ˶һۣһȭ˲飬֪ʩչ˾УԼҪù
Ե֮ʣһСı̣Ǿ̫ࡣ
Ľۣ˫ƻΪһƬӰӣӭȭ
顱һ죬Ľ˺һɫһָֻ
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ĽõǾķ֮ʹΪҲܲס
Ľһ˫۾΢ᣬãö˾ķֿ֮٣ʲô
תͷĹˣ֪ʱѾվСͤУߣƮƮѩ𩷢״ˡ
ĽһΣСͤǰʮ̫档

üɨһˣֿʲô򣿡
Ľ񽣣лõһķ
ֲá͵ͷ
ĽȻæʣ̫֪񽣣
͵ǰλˣԳƾ书ԵһʹľǾ񽣡
ĽʣλΣ
ҡҡͷһʱ˿ƣϧ߻ħԷٶʬǲ棬û뵽²
Ľ̾ķȷʵԵ޷ԦѰá
ţá͵ͷ
˼˱ĸһƣʱһѪںڵѪ؆죬һת
˰զ࣬
Цҡͷĸߣˣɣ
˼ıȭתͷĽտȻǺηǺڣ
˵գԾ֣ʧ
ĽЩ˼
һСͤߵĪ˵̫磬һ
ĽȻ
͵ΪչؾǴﲻÿһԣʤˣԳԷˣ죡
̫棬⡭Ľɡ
һ֣ٷϻʹգʱͷˣ
Ľ˵ʧ
ĽʧҡͷЦ޿κΡ
ʯ£С¯ţȻСͤڿյȻղŵһһʽԭ
ĿղŶνԴԺʱطţһĶãǶԷԼ
˵ȭƷʱٻ룬׺ƿʩչøãһЩûܷӡ
֪УʱţС¯죬ڡ

ӣĽʼ˼ÿһαԣһֱˣʤаܣ׺ͻͽ
ҲԽԽǿǽõľӢ书ӣƷǽǵ
Ų׺ƵΣʼ˵ڶ
˵ʱ죬˵һ飬֣Զܶš
ȴûԱģһˣֱӽվ˹ͼ˼ܲ
˿붨졣
ʱţͻͽһǧ֮ƣ˺ˣˣˣˡ
ºܵסˣάֲܡ
Ÿºܵеùˣʤܡ
ʱ˲׺Žһ¸ıһٶ仺ȴ죬˵ѵá
Ÿ£һֱСͤƬ֣С䳡η磬סСͤ
ĽҲûΣһ붨ࡣ
˲׺Ž־֮ʣ峿ͳ֣ӸһСӣдĸ֣׺Ž
ĽȻ֮æĽԼ׺Žͬȴ֣ԶʤԼ
ͺߵСӣĲ׺Žɡ
̫棬׺ƣ׺Ž󣿡Ľʡ
͵׺Ҿݲ׺Ž


200 
Ľüëһͷ۾ι̾һǺý
ͺߵϻ
ҡͷ׺Ž˲׺ɽɽ˵ã
ĽСӣǺһЦ⽣ã̫̫ѧġ
͵ͷ⽣̫һѧҲûʲôãʹѰ
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š͵ͷɨһϷⷨӻЧɣ
̫ӢĽæһƨ
Ⲣȫʵģ뵽ӽڲ׺Ž˼ۣ˲Ҳ
ҲһƬģԲ׺ɿν龫ǡ

͵չؾŸ£ʣ£׽á
ǡĽŲ׺ŽףĿת
ˣҡҡͷ뿪ˡ
ӣĽڲ׺ŽУ԰Σ·ħ㣬ʱ޿̲Ų׺Ž
е˼棬׺񹦣ղ񹦽Ψв׺Ž֦ζʹ紵нϮ
ʱ޿̣ܿϰƸ罣ͣͣϱܣ߽Ʋ
ʱÿξŸþӢΧȴǶ֣ԽԽϬʼʱк󣬲ȡʤ
˺һ̳˳ԷɣһƵУɾ䣬ѵò׺Ž֡
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ǡĽ̾˿֪˵

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Ľֽӹһ飬Ը̫̾ȻԼ࣬ʤԼһ
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üͷĺߵ߾ߣ裬ĻӣϽ
Ľʮһ񣺡̫棬Ӹǡ
ȥȥͲͷĻ֡
ĽΪ⣬ϰ˵ʽ̫ûһûġ
ת뿪ˣ޼

޼Уɴ
ʦ̫£÷ƣСԲϣۣۣһעŴš
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Ľɨһˣ΢΢һЦǰϣЦһ겻ʦˡ
ʦ̫Ц绨СӣֹԻһΣ
Ľͷܺãһֱ̫Щ
ʦ̫һЦôǺõúܣ£һʦܣ٣
µЦʦʦճЪһЪɡ
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տȻСԲ̲סһ䣬ˡ
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ʦ̫ЦðɣȻȥЪϢٹɨ̨ף
ʦ̫ǲɽšĽ


201 
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ǡŮͷ

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ʦ׺ɽ֪£Ľ档
Ϲңȷʵң÷ҹϵУ˵ֵܷġ
ûұӻҲû÷罫÷ƽˡ
תͷһ÷ЦС㣬ȥ
ʦ̫ߵСӣĪܣϹҵ£ͣ
ĽЦǣʦһῴŰġ
ʦ̫üߵǲ׺ɽ󣬵ϹңҪԲ˶ߣСӣĪһʱ鷳
Ľɫǣʦף
ʦ̫ЩģԸףһϹҽԹָҪˣϹ˼ϼһĺɱ˲գ۵ģ
תͷ£˸һ¡
ǳǳһЦʦʦףʶô壬ʦصĵġ
ʦ̫ѽͱ¼õ˵СӵΪð˷ģ
ĽǺЦЦСӡ
ʦ̫̾˿ðɣȻҲ㣬Ҳ˵ˣһ··ҲҪСģ鷳
ǣʦĽʮ˳ȥ
˳޼СԲ빬ƣ÷˳׷һСԺ
СԺСͤУСԲæ裬÷Ľ棬Աߣһ˵
÷ü˼һֱ˵ã·γķ
ϸչصΣȻ˵СԲΣ׺񹦽㣬ѳɵմӡ
СԲڵ㣬һֱûͻơ
ݺıҲûʲô£źܿ̿࣬ĽչأҲˣżڷһ˵ˡ
Ľ˵ԼȤ£ùզ಻ѣ˲׺ɽڣһоţίʵѵá
ĽΪѵãտȻǺøԵ

ιСԲݲ÷ع̾һյһڡ
Ľһڣ²յЦп÷
÷ЦЦտȻ֪Ҫ˵Ļˣ
Сʲôˣ֪ܲĽСЦ
ô룿÷ʡ
ĽЦգԿô˵ҲֻһˣޣֻܾΪˡ
ɡ÷ʣüϵ
ĽЦŰ֣⣬Сġ
÷ܷģͷЦţǾͽˣˣúϢɣˡ
˵գСͤСԲ빬ΣԸҲֻ뿪ˡ
ĽûˣҲ뿪СԺֱɽȥ˺ɽ֣һסСͤС
СͤտգͲڡ
ĽվڿУе̫桭
죬纣ӿɳ̲ϣȴ಻ϡ
Ӱһͳ֣ߵлأ
ĽЦźʮһ񣺡̫档
ͺߵл˵ƨͷţĪҹ򣡡
ĽЦ̫ʲôȥң̫̫裬ûǲɡ
üһۣߵҪʲô׺ɵӣѲɣ˸ð䣿
ĽҡҡͷȻ΢Цȴᶨ
ͼģһӻͳһС˦˳ȥΪһڹֱϮĽؿڡ
ĽһУЦл̫棡
ߵСӣĪҶˣ̫ݣͺúһѣ
Ľһ£Цŵͷ
бһۣߵİգô˵ҪģԶ֣
ͺáĽһ
Ͱڰ֣ˣϻ˵ɣ
˵գӰһˡ
ĽͳһںڵС̴ľֳأɢ磬ŻƣһֵĻڣû
ĽۣѾòףģ֪ε̵ġ

λڵݸڣݸٴ󺣣μãַ𣬻Ǵ󺵴ԣԲմ˵ء
ĵݣʪˡ
λڵݸУլԺɷǳվԺе¥ϣһ
ݸĳǽΧ𣬱ںȴسǽˣվڳе¥ϣֱӿɼ󺣡
լռһ֣νţ÷ȣνСױȴף֮һСҲ硣
峿ǰһλ꣬һϮۣðȣҡ̬硣
ͷһƤññһԵӺݻ廪
ٿòƽƤãһŵӨ⣬˲С
վڴǰʯʨ¶顣
ǶʮƴСͭƹ˸ɭɭ֮ʨѰ˲ҿ
ǰվĸ󺺣׶Ӿװֳ̬͡
է꣬˶һְۣϵ˫۾â˸ʵʡ
һ󺺿ǰһȭλӣմݰٱָкιɣ
һЦ崺磺λ׳ʿǶң
ӵͷȷʵ
ǾͶˡͷӻȡһɫСƴСǰ뽫ʸڿ
մӳһ£ӹˣʵ
ҡͷЦЦڼ˴Ȼ֪ҵݡ
ã빫Ժ򣡡ףԱ߲Žȥ

ĽվĴǰʨӣôʦֱȷʵͨ滭滭Ͳּңͨ
ǰ·ֻʨӣڶޣһ磬ҪԼ˺⡣
˾磬˾տļգĽ̾硣
Ƭ̣ӳ˽ǰλ룡
ĽҪʮæֱȭЦͣ롪
ӴԺӣÿԺӶϵľǲͬ
ܿһɷǳΰϵˮޣҲϱߵĴࡣ
ڣˡ
ա洫Ů
ĽʮŮӣȴűըĤ
ֲʮ꣬Ľ²⣬λҵڡˡ
ӹ֣Ľͷ롣
վˣǽһɺͼһ̫ʦΣһŰԵЩС
̫ʦһŮӣ쵰Ƥ𪣬۽ǵβƣƣׯӺݡ
ǰŸ߱ӣʮˣ١


202 ɽ
ĽʮĿһһŮӸǰ
Ľȭݼǰӵݻǰܡ
ŶŮӶüһ£ɫ䣬ٴɫףţ⡣
Ľ죬ǰŮ̫£ᣬ·ʮꡣ
˿޼аȺӺˣݹˣʱľ绪̴漸֡
ֻϧ䣬Ŀ˪·һ˿˲׽˵Ĵ֮
Ľ⣬̫濴ʮ꣬ʮ꣬˵Ůϵÿ죬ȴˣȻ湦פ֮

ĿӣһԲΧҲ˵´
֣֪⳪һ˽ԼҪҪˣȴƫ˵ݡ
ˣȻ¼ȿҴ壬Ĵٹˣ̸֣ȥǰ˲ڡ
ι𿪿ڣϼһﻹðɣ
ĽĿ⣬ȭ΢΢һЦ̫һаá
ţûͺãߵծû壬һ֮ûôף
˼ӽ²⣬Ȼڱ൱¼䣬ﲦָͷù
ĽЦЦ̫ҹţȻ͵ӱҪˣҴţ
˵ţˣȻ̧ͷţ
Ļ̌ͷӭĿ⡣
ϼһţһڣϵһؼ㣬ľСಡһµĽǰ磬˲伴ʾΪ
ĽЦһ£һ䣬֮£ضסˣɼ
һֽһڿУĽľ뻳ۿؼ㣬ɨۣ¶Цû뵽̫Լ顣
˵ԼΪһ׮ǰĹ漰ʥѩ塣
ĽҪңǰȥʥѩ壬ʥѩһĵһֱԣһ£ҵشķתϴ辭
飬Դʮǰϧʮһֱܴʥѩӣ֮ź
Ϊתϴ辭֮ᣬĪϵһֱڻԲĽ
תϴ辭ᣬǣԶǰţͲҷɡ
˾תϴ辭ʥѩԽǿ
ʮ꣬ɳٵӣһʤʥѩӣؾתϴ辭ѳһĲ

ɨһĽֹס¶һ˿΢Цס
мһ֣֪ûС
Լղһ£ɣӴ赭дĽסһȻˡ
ͣ˾ֲ֮ϼһƪԲѣҪһϴʮ֮ܡ
Ȼһ֣Ƕȥ
̡һɵ
üĿ֮䣬ݣȻϰ˷ʩȲ
ڰ֣İգСѷǵУôš
̣ŪɣСʡ
һһۣߵˣ裬˳Цȥȥ
ǣǣˡæ
תɨһĽȭ΢΢һЦƮ뿪˴
ĽĿ뿪΢Цͷһɴ˴øС
ջĿ⣬ҡͷ̾һһһһһȺûϢĲФ
ĽЦЦû˵
̾¶΢ЦտȻɣ
ǣǰտȻˣĽͷϵĹƤñ£¶ͷȷŻУ˫ֺʮһ
ããӢ۳꣡Ͱĵ
ʱģǰȻͬƽͣǰıһɨ⡣

ĽۻعƤñЦӲҵֻ̫򻹲Զ
΢Цܵϼһ￴У㶨ˣһˣ
ĽЦ޷ӻ
ðɣӱȻ£ʲô̶ˡ
˵գһٿĵĽǰƮƮһġ
ĽгȣΪһ̣۵һ̣ƺԶȥ
æΪָָ罣ӵȥ
ȡ顱һſӭָɽˮָײһϢ˴˶һ
ã̾һ´Ľ
֪Ľȴû뵽˹ˡ
ʣ߷
Ľҡͷ׺񹦡
ҡͷ̾һˣ׺񹦣ܵز
죬Բ׺ɵ书Ȼİ֪׺ɵеӣ߷׺񹦡
ʹҲûʲôǰ;Ůȣ±룬òʧ߷
߷Ҳһףѣˣѷ׺񹦣ҲԺС
Ľ΢ЦӽҶѡ
ͷЦһڹҲǲ
Ľʦ˵ϹЩף
ߣϹң̫Цһ
Ľ˾ϸϸ
˵ⱾһС£һϹҵĵӲФ̫ҵ˿򱧲ƽ
˴ҵʧɱϹҵĵӡ
ǴĴϹҲȻŭڶҪɱ˵֡
Ҳ˿ʼͻ

Ľˣ˼ĬȻֻһ̾
£ȷʵѡҲܽˣŶʧ£ټұҪֱ
ϹҶԣһӶӻˣɱֲܱҲϾɥ̫
ҪϣΨд׽ɱ֣ӱ
Ϊ˸Ե˭ҲˣһﲻʺϣζʧȥһС
Цһߣתϴ辭ڣαؾϹң
ĽüǰϹϹ˼һĳ֡
ΣмĺߵϹ˼϶Լµһ֣Ϊң̫
Ľ͸ѯʡ
ߵ䲻֣ܾȴѣ
ĽͷûٶʣȻ뵽ɱﵣ󷨣÷ڡ
Ľ÷Ч֮Ըǣ׺ɣԻױ
ֲáͷ
ЦЦտȻģˡ
ĽЦǰ䲻ţӦʲô֣һǺõģǲǣ
ðɣҸԱߡͷ
Ƭ̣ѧ˲׺ɽɽѾﻹһ׽Ҳɣ䲻׺ŽȴҲֵһ
⡭Ľɡ
׺֮ʹˣЧҲޣϼһһԾˣһɽԵΣ
ĽɣžѧᴫʹԼΣԼԲס
뵽λǰĪɱİգĥɱ¿ɱԼʹѧй
ЦЦİգɽ㲻ҾѧֻһУ㲻Ҫңӻָʥѩ壬ؾתϴ辭أ
ǣĽʮһ񣬲پܾ

һϼһ߯ƻľҪҴɽˣУ
ĽǷģЦܳ
𵭵һɲôģˣ
С
Ľ֪һ˦һڹ䵽ϡ
ֳľСüĴ˫Ŀһιһ˦
飡ƽһըףľСѾݽſûͷ¶⡣
Ľһëը𣬻ؽ
⣬һԼԼǶ㲻ģûСӰӣһϣһſڡ
ģ֪һ֮أң˽ĲҲãһ㣬ſ
ſģҲѰʣӲʵġ
ۣ΢ЦʵտȻһΣ
Ľ̾ˣ˿档
ұһ̾˿ҡͷϧЩФѧɣǹ̫ѧҲûʲôã
ĽĿе㲻ͬ㹦ɣӳһ
ĽЦԸӲǰʧ
ߵѧһӮʥѩ壡
ʼϸϸ˵Ľ̾Ȼһһķʤ׺Žã΢ӣߣ


203 
ȻھҲĽĿܿסˡ
Բʡܶ鷳Լ򿴿򵽺̶ֳȣٽϡ
ǡĽͷ֪ò̫Ľ֮ƣЧãʵȴ졣
÷书˴֮࣬ҡ
ˣһ°ơ
ڡŮƮĿ毺ãȻ㼫ȴҲˡ
עĿǣ˾˫̥üһģһ
ȥˮԺ˲ţ
ǡŮͷĽ˴ߵһСԺ¶ʧ²ס

ɽߣмһԣٻţ󣬻һǧһʯ
Ľʯǰ£Ůţϲʲô裬ʲôҲ׼
Ľ˵ˣŮƮ£뿪֮ǰ˵кβǲкһǾ档
Ľͷ΢ЦлŮ
뿪ĽջĿ⣬뵽˽
ҵڿᣬһ棬ߣԸҲĹŹ֣ĮУȻҿüء
ȻԼɽȴǲӡ
ǰʩչͨԷԼٽû뵽ģһǻ飬ƴԼʥѩ塣
ʥѩһĲΪܴʥѩ壬˵书ǽһˣҲĸԸ
УĽмֹⲻȥ
ɽȷʵһĲ⽣Ƿɵ
ܾûԼķɵˣ书õɵĻἫ٣ؼʱ򣬶󷨣ȼطɵˡ
ǣϾСĹջ۵Ĺ򣬾ǳлٺò
ɽԦʹɵٺòһȥɵΪһɱﵡ
ͷ죬ԺģһԶȥڷָֻͷ΢΢⡣
ƽʱСԺһ׺ŽǲɽȻ·һֻ¡

ʱ֣Ȼ죬ķΧ΢ı仯ǰͬˡ
ȻһʱŮ֣Ž
Ůǰӯӯһ񣬽ӣкηԸ
Ľʣ淢ʲôˣ
ŮȻһۣҡҡͷӣûʲôѽһֱ棬֪ء
Ľȥſڡ
ǡŮӦĽԺӣŴʱվʮӡ
Ľûֻǿݵˣҵļվʮӣʮ꣬ʮ꣬ŭŭĵŶˡ
ɫ˫磬Цһǰ̫˰ɣӦ
ЦһߵðӦǾͿ򣬿˭ȭͷӲˣ
θݣݣȥһܴߣϣλεֻйͷû⡣
ɫǿѹŭ𣬺ߵǽҵˣ
Цˣһӣ˭Ҳ֪ˣС϶ҪȰһ䣬С첲ŤȣʶʱΪܣ
ҧᶨҡͷ
̾һҡҡͷǾ͹ֲţФǶְգ
ôһ˪üߺߵĲͷڰֵײĲᣬƺӲģɱһأΪϹǸأ
˴ˡ̾
һ׳ߵ֣ѽǶϻ˵˵
˵գγһŵأЮһˡ

˼֣Ҳӭǰʮ˸ǰʮΧսһš
˵书ߣʮҲӹ֣Ĭ书Ҳһӭսһǿɵ
ĽվȺ֮УŴ򶷣ҡͷѣϹҵĸֽˮ׼̫Զˡ
һһֱõ˶֣֪У۽ߣһǰ򶷣þʡ
ٿȴѰÿ˶ƫƫץסᣬŸżǿϧ
һҡҡͷûʲôȤܣǿĿתרעǳ˷ܡ
ЩȻʵûȤ̾ǻȥɡ
ǣӡŮæջĿ⣬ֿһۣĽصСԺ
ĽʯԣĻ㣬һ߲ɽ
ɽż򵥣߷ȴǲף漰һЩĶǽˡ
ɽԴɱ⣬ɱ⣬ŻۣΪٶĿꡣ
ˣҲ
Ķֻ֮Դʹн봫ˣҲΪ
ĽԣЩ֮Ķȴǲѣǿᣬ޷ܵĶо
ĹѾžŶԻɽ򣬶Խ
ϳɾȻ٣һܱ֮У֮
ĺȻһɵһ£ʧˡ
ĳǱСһ˦顱һ죬ɽһʯͷըСʯӣ䵽С
ſŮĵߣ˿Ľ
Ľڰ֣Ҫء
ŮһۼɽһʯͷѾʧɽЩ֡

Ů˳ȥĽƮǰľǶһƴʯͷϣ˿
Ȼľʵ⣬Ҳлɽķ֮ʹӣҲɼ籦
𻺲ããϼһȻû˵󻰣ȷʵˣ
ǰˡĽȭһ
һֱǱȭһֱûǰʮʱԼĵԭϰߣй¶ݡ
һ´ȥġʯǰ£ָָǰλӡ
Ľ棬ͷľʲô
Ѿȫһ˵˵ϸá
ĽæĽ⣬ӵ׶ĽԭѾ򣬴ʱǳ
¶һ˿΢Цѧ˻ɽóˣ
ĽЦһǵȹһӰɡ
𵭵һЦһɰߵİգϹңΣ
ĽЩţΣʹΪ÷ҲԹۡ


204 ı
ĽΣüͷ
üߵʲô˵գѽϼһһ̫ˬ
ĽЦЦŵЩ֪ǰȥ
˵ߵ
Ľ»ǲҪִΪã˽Ҫ
˽˼ᵭüë
Ƭ̣ҡҡͷѾִˣ½֪˽½Ҳˣûлͷ
ҿĽЦ
˵¶顣

ĽվڻﻺУ½
ߣ¶̬
Ľͣһĵǰ°׵ĵ΢ЦӾãûô򵥣б˵Ӱӡ
Ŷһ漴ü˼
ĽƳһۣ΢΢һЦϸÿһʻٻţʤգڻ԰Ρ
֪˶ãһտȻ˵
Ľֱ΢Ц˵һѣߣԭ˰г֣棡
ͷţмֵҳֿܡ
Ľභ̵ְĴͲǴȥǲǣ
𻺻ͷ
ĽȻһЦʹû˰㣬ҲҧˣϹҰӱķ油һ¾ǡ
üϹҵͬ⣿
Ľ΢΢һЦԩ˽ⲻ˽ᣬϹҵ˲᲻Ϲ˼ڣϹҶʢϹ˼ʹ书µһܲܳգ䣬ҴҲһأһ飬ûл
Ľֵң£˵˰㣬ϹҲɵ˵⣿
šá

ι̧ͷҲãһ԰գ
ĽЦЦͷ޵Ļ䣬
տȻҪһæ
Ļ̌ͷЦǰԸˡ
ԪȥһϹң࣬Ȳ㣬һ¡
Ľͷ
ԪСӣ̫Ӳ㿴ӵϣһʶ
ĽЦǰģʡġ
ԳһЦǹңϹˣܵϼһƢ˭ܴ
ĽǺһЦЦ
ȥԪйİƣһŮƮԵͷתȥˡ
Ůׯ˶ѸݣӯһṦʵ˵á
ĽۣͷҴ壬̷Ůᣬȴ˵á
¶ȺЦݣСѾͷС͸ңϧΪŮɰɣ
ĽЦŮ
ţŮճŮԪĴŮ
ĽЦУǰǺø
ЦҡͷѣѽȴһĿϳѽ
ĽǺЦ˵Ц䣬߽һ󺺣ʨڣͭ壬ʹ
ŷŮȻһӶһ£ǰξˡ
һĮ˭ٴɫʹЩҴˣҲ伸ˡ
ǰ㣬̸Цɴû
ɨһĽ⣬СӿɲţѲɣڵʲô˽ӣڼҲ͸Ѿͷ˵ºһЩ
Ԫ𿴵ͷԵԪɫһ»ָĮ֡
ԪæЦŹʩһ񣺡ڣҺ
ͣʱȴмӣСĿĽ̲סЦڵϹȻС

һۣߵԪտȻ׺ɵմӣݲ׼˵ʹϱҲɣ
ԪæͷտȻֵܣã
Ľ¹Ƥñʮһ񣺡ǰˣ
ԪȻֲ֣ȴǷѽæֵض񣬲ض񣡡
׺ɵմӣݿɾأζŽִƵݲӵ
Ůۣº档
ԪϹȥһˣǺú̸һ̸ִˡ
ԪŨüһæڣҪˣ
ҡͷǲܽģɴӱķ油ǼӣЩӣƲģ˶ˣ׷ʲôã绻ʵݵģ
⡭ԪŨüЩ
𵭵ΣǵĵɱˣҪ۵ģһëοɲɣ
Ԫߵѧղֲɺ£๼
𵭵üëһһѰˣˣϹҵģ㻻λһ룬ɱǼҵӣʹдˣ
Ԫĵû
죡ߡ
Ԫæ죬һ
Ҫִˣ֪ҪˣʹʤˣҲҪԪˣңĽݼңңܲ侮ʯ
ǸҡԪ۾ԲƶʱǣΪˡ
ͷĺߵҲŹ֣
ԪƲƲ죬ߵң޻أ
һۣ֪Ӳ򣬾Ϲ˼Ҳûô񣡡ϣ׼Ҫܹ⣡
ǣˡԪæ
˵˵ףʱڷˣʯͷԴ˵ֻͨӲˡ

ԪӦһǡԹš
ȥϹңȲ׹ҵ磬ֲͻеķִ磬ܰգ
Ԫͷڷģģİգ
ߵƤԲȥؼʱҪһտȻģ嶯
ǣڣԪæͷ漴Щ˼ڣҵƤҲôġ
ߣƤ˼˵⻰бһۡ
ԪٺЦЦתտȻֵܣָ̣
Ľʮ΢Цҵ
Ҳȥʶ
תĽЦտȻҾͽˣ뻤ȫ
Ľ˿ͷʡã
⣬ΣͷΪҪȱԪҪ
Ľִһ۷üĿˮ˺ͣ÷мơ
һεļԪˡ
ʴͣ˺ԣ·һ󴺷磬ɽ¶ˮʵѵá
ŷһжտȻģţͽʦɣ
ǣڡӯӯһתʦˣ
Ľʮһ΢΢һЦ


205 
ڶ峿ĽԺ˼ɽž죬ԽԽǿ
һ֮ǽڴ˽һɳûйעһɱ⣬ӳ
෴ܺһףС
ĽоһؼΪ񣬽Խ࣬Խǿ
ԼǿᣬˣĻɽʩչҪ߼֡

ŮȻ֣˵룬óˡ
Ľպ˸ԪѾվڸţԪǰȭǺЦֵܣǳɣ
Ľȭ񣺡á
ѾԼã棬˸ǰһճ֮ԲտȻţΪ˲ǣ׺ɡ
˵һȥϹǺͽ⣬Ǵ򶷣ϣԲԼţ۲׺ɡ
ʦ塣˪ӯӯһ
һˮΪ񣬰Ϊǣ㣬Ȼ鵭ģݹѩˡ
Ľȭ΢Цض񡣡
󲮣λǡһ
ĽתͷһȴһλӢ꣬ξΣüĿֱͦͿʵѵõӡ
˫۾·ʵ
ԪЦӢܣֵܣͽʦɡ
ʦ壿Ӣܽüһ壬ĽΪȻ
ͣĽ˼꣬ģƽֻͨƤһЩ书ǿ֮ס
Լʦ壬ʵڲ
Ԫģ֪ܲ룬һɣߵӢܣٷϻʦ壡
ʦ壡ӢαһȭѸٷˣ֮⼫Ũ
ĽЦЦһȭû˵
ԪҡͷЦӢСӣ²󣬰СֵĪ
ĽЦЦû˵
Ӣ˸һ£Ľŭӡ

Ԫһ֣ˣӢܣ˵ϻֵܣλǳϣǷϣǶľ֣
ֱָߣһһܣϺͰЦеģһźϣֺ
ڶľ֣һˣòͨͶȺ˺ע⣬Ψһ˫ӹμ䣬â֡
Ľһһ¶΢ЦĿڶľͣסλľ񣬽豹棬ʤһ
ԪһӣǣƥУңȥ
ϹλǴУ¡
Ľ˵ϣ˯ȥˣ˪һֱζУ
һʱӢ̲סˣ˪ߣĽڨĽֻЦ
˪ﵭ磬㻹ȥǰɣ
ӢЦãΪβһ
ϲ˪ﵭ
ӢܺǺЦãλʦ徿ηˣôǰû
㲻֪ġ˪Ƴһۡ
Ӣܽü𣬲õãѵ֪
˪ﵭڷԸʦҪܡ
Ӣɫ΢䣬˿˪һߵĽһͷããȻڵķԸȻӣ
ЩģݺݵĽһۣ˫һУ׷ȥľζС
˪ʦ壬ίˡ
Ľ΢ЦҡͷŮӺϣֲ
˪۲һתͷȥѾˡ
ĽתͷƳһۣǺЦЦǽǳˣ֮һ֮һСĻ˼СΪϡ
˪ĬȻ
ĽЦѣţһֱߣʶ٣ϾͲۡ
ӢܸŲԶĻתͷƳһۡ

һ·ϣӢܲʱ˻˪ﲢζУڨ˵˪䵭ִ˲ƣ
ĽһԲ˵ʱҲǱ۾·˯ˣʵ׺񹦡
һıչأû׺񹦣һֱв׺Ž׺ŽСɣ׺񹦡
Ѿ˵۷壬ͻƵ߲㣬ȴһֱɵãһźĤôҲͱơ
߲㣬֮Ľ²⣬ӦζڵȴǼѡ
룬ŪףҪβģһ磬ȻǽأȻ֪ȴ֪
֪Σ޷˽⾳ͽ֪ܸоûʲôá
ϳ۳ңʼʱã泩˺ÿۣһ
Ľҳס˻ҳ£˪ȴɣԲ㾳硣
ʱ֣˶ڹٵϳУͣЩͷԣԪ׳棬Ҳˡ
Ȼһ񣬵쿴
ȥٵСǰһС̣«έɵӣʣʮźȲ衣
ʮƥ¿ݣβ˦ĴϣȻڡ
ԪЦһǺǹȥЪЪţ
˵գһ˹ٵ˲ǰվȥ˸
Ľ۾ɨһΧһüͷ
Ӣܸ˪ϵ裬ĭЦãһЪŵģһգ
˪ﲻ˵תͷĽ
ʱԪѾǵĽ˲̣ϰ壬죬裡
˵Żһƨһԣھż󺺣ֿտգС
ඡһ׷ԲԵϺӦ
վһǰϰһһ룬Ǽ򵥣һųһֱһ

ĽˣһܣϺƹһ룬Ȼһһˣȥλ͹á
ĽȻ˵˼ңǮһţ
ӢƳһۣ¶һ˿ЦƺĽôɵ⡣
ϺǺЦһ룬ͯɩۣ
һƣüͷǺƣһģ˫ۻǣЦͬ顣
ӢæЦһģǱˣ
˪￴ü
ӢͷһԺڶ죬ƽʱ٬λʦǰ̲סĸ
Ľ΢Ц˼ңһȷʵһȵ˲ٰɣ
ǺǣãáϺЦŵͷ
ԪҲϽʧ裬ĽϺ죬뵽ͣסˣ׷


206 ƹ
ʮڵվॡ׷״׳鵶νѸΧ⽣ӰףΧɭɭ
ԪٺһЦмɨһۣôﻹǺڵꣿ
Ӣܵ󲮣ǿǳģ
ҲǴˣϣĽǰЩ꣬ǰȴʧһۿˡ
Ԫüߵ˵֪һеģûбˣôģ
շߵڼ¡
ԪҡͷᣬǸˣϲڼ飡
ôãһԦ֮ڵˣףµģľ⣬Ԫš

ĽЦпһߣ˼ң°ɣġ
Ϻܣ¶⡣
Ԫתͷֵܣ㿴ǲǳģ
ĽͷȻˡ
Ԫɫ΢䣬ѵǸڳڼ飿
Ľ΢Цǵһ׼һֻҪžǣϺǺʱģ
Ϻæһˡ
ĽЦЦǾͶˣӣڼ飬㣬أи˰
ߣԪһʱʨŭȵϣϣϰɣɱɾˣ
ǣӦνʣ˳ȥ
Ԫŭһմһʮһͣ
ȴӰ죬֪ϰߣûǰв˰㣬һ¿ˡ
Ӣܸ˳Ϊͣ磬˲̵󺺣죬ѸȣʤϷ϶ľˡ
ĽŲָ㣬׺ָ˼򽦳Ѫء
׺ָ㲻öѧҲףʤѰ书ңв׺Ϊף֧£׺ָҲǿᡣ

˪Ųɫ䣬侲ĹƣϺȴ΢΢˫ȷʱϡ
ʱѾ߸ֻʣʮһΧԪˣһʱ֮һѷѽ⡣
Щֲף˶ԸԪ˶ߣ˶Զľһ˶ԸӢܡ
ջ֮û뵽ԪŴֺȴ˽թһʼͰ㣬ˣʵ֮Խ
Ľ΢Ц׺ָ㣬Ϣˡ
󺺳֣Ԫʱųŭһৣ࣬һ󺺴̵ˡ
֮ľߣ֣ʱˣȻٰӢܽһˣΧסĸ󺺡
˪̫ףתͷʦ壬ô򵥣
ĽЦЦǵ͹˴ӣȻҪԿͷˣǰӦûصģǵһ̽ˡ
˪ͷǣӦˡ
ĸ󺺼ƲУ
ƴ壬˴ĳһ
Ԫû뵽ĸһ˸ͣһ񣬾ǳ˳ȥ
׷Ԫŭ񣬴һ׷ȥ
ٵ֣ĸ󺺳֣Ҳ˽ȥӢٽǰȻͣһ£˪
˪ҡͷڰ֣ӢܺȻ㵵۾ָ˪Ŵ죬ȴ˵
飡˪죬æתͷ׷ԲԵϺڵϣӲͣ
˪ɻʣʦ塭
ĽЦЦûʲôλˡ
ղţߺȻ֣עԶʱ͵ϮȴĽסˡ
ͷߣ΢Цװˣһ²ˣ˵ɡ
˵ţһһŵӻƮϣ¶㵵ӡ
Ӣһҧгݣŭߣӽ㣡
Ľһš
ӢӷƮһ⻺£۾㵡
ʵû뵽λʦ书֮ߣԼɣڿоûл֮Ӹס
ĽЦʿ
Ӣܿһ˪߿һĬȻ
Ľתͷߵ˼ң˵˵գ˭ǹģ
ߵһЦɿָƽһ˶ʮꡣ
ңңϹңǺңңĽһһʵǳģ·
Ӣ죬ȴˣƹķӣǿЦʲʲôġ
Ľ̾˿Ȼǹҡ
۾΢΢һ΢ɲ죬󣬺ȻЦҡͷѡ


207 
ĽЦЦ˵ô
ͨĽʹرȣ䲻ֶԷ˼ͨһһʣ׽˼֪𰸡
ߴЦЦ֮Ц֮
ôĽЦеģҲֻһۡ
ӢܿߣĽֿ˪֪һãϾᣬǸ㣬ޣ͸ġ
˪ﶢƣ޳üëĿˮ˼
ߴЦŤͷĽ
ĽҲٶ˵תͷ˪гɣ
˪ͷǣʱгͻ
ĽѣҩİΪ˻ֻҧܣǲŭֶΣҪСġ
ǣлʦָ㡣˪ͷ

˵䣬Ԫ˴ɫ֣˵ĸһƻûԡ
Ӣܷӭȥ󲮣ɱô
Ԫͣ½Ųһߵɱʲôɱһû׷ϣ
Ӣ¶ɫɥ֮ȮƾǵĹӦסģôһûţ
Ԫɫ䣬һ㺮˪ߵǱصˣдд
Ӣʧʲôص
ԪһۣɫƣߵС֣ô£ô;ˣ
Ӣ֪Ǩŭ˵ëæЦ󲮣ͷãҾ͡
ԪһĶͷյţˣ˵ɽ֮ƣûŰɣ
ʦڡӢҡͷ
ԪЦѽֵأ
̧ͷǸϹȥȭֵܣл
һ£տȻڣ򣬷һëҲĲԼ
˵׸ߣѧϾǳǹ׶㣬ѷԼӦùŵġ
ĽЦűȭӲضӦõġ

һŵϲĽѨͷ죬һм˺ᡣ
ԪߵǰӸ¶˰Σϼһ˭ǹģ˵
Ӣæ󲮣ʦ˵ǹҡ
ԪתͷŶһֵܣǹҸɵģ
ĽͷӦò
һңԪҧгݣ޺һţʣҪ壡
Ӣ죬˪ɨһֻۣܱ죬˵
Ľӣ·ػСĲǡ
ԪͷߵҾǲһɱһɱһ˫
Ľٶ˵ָֻˣһƬԹ֪ģԲ᷸˴
ûҺȲ裬ȥˮÿ˺һˮȻ·֮ǰԪһɱˡ
˪üһ£죬Ťͷȥ¶ɫ
Ľ̾ڽɼ־ôпᣬݲðʴȣЩǰɣ
˪ͷһԲ
Ľ˪ﻰ٣빬һȣȴһЩ¶ׯ󷽣д֮
Ľ˰֮⣬л㼸䣬˵䣬ԸЩ·
˶ԣһߴ

һ·У˰ʱ֣һĳУǡ
˾һƣȥ֣˳ǣ¡ջţȻȥ˿ջǰ治Զһ¥ٻ¥
Ԫվھ¥ǰͷһƮĺɫеƣ¥ֺãٻ¥ٻҲ
󲮣ǽȥɡӢܼΧͶֵĿ⣬ˣæߴ١
ԪŤͷһҡͷӢܣûϢ˿ǿʲô˼ģ
Ӣæ˼ҵ·
͵ţǲĵߣԪߵ
Ӣܵͷˣ֪治󲮵ģڷǰ
ЦǺǵĽΧӣۣϰˣǽȥɡ
ԪһӢܣ漴Цãߣȥһٺõģһ·࣬ҲһԼ
˽˾¥¥һλ
Ӣܿʼͷɥֵܿͷ˪˵˪ֻǵţ˵
˭ģӢϰˣ˵Ҳ⣬żӦһ䣬㻶ϲʤͷ㡣
ӢģĽҡͷˣʵڱҪû˪ﲻϲġ
ԪӢܵܿãʱ㣬ôͣĥ
СǸ꣬ӦԪ֮ȰѾƶ̳յӣһĿ֮࣬ӿ
ãŴԪһ̳ƣ
Ӣܼÿ죬Լһ̳ƣԼϡ
Ԫ¾̳룬ЦΪǴһأһ룡
ԣˣӢܸ͵˫۷Ź⡣
Ľ룬յǰᣬҡͷǺþƣϧ˶Ȳá
Ԫæ´룺ֵܣ˵ҩ
Ľͷ΢Ц
Ԫҧ޺޵ǹҵļ
ҩңҩ֮˫¶ȻǹõֶΡ
ӢܶŵǰӣҪζ
ԪߵСӣ׷ѾˣҾͲйˣ
ӢܲĿһĽʦ֪жģ
ֵܸܱԪߵ
Ӣ죬˵֪λʦ̫Զ򲻹ġ
Ԫװˣ³ƾͼƣ
˵գ룬һЦһڣͷһʹ졣
˸ˣ׷һģ

ԪЦȻһ룬ܿĵ£Ϣ
˺һȴûʲô
𣬿Цӣʶˡ
Ԫֱӣ޺̵ģһﵹǽƻ
µóȻԼ˵ȥԣ֢״ҩԱˣ˼Ҹϵ
ЩȻζƫƫҲ˷йŭ
ݲݳӢ˷ûжǲųԣһԹϻصջǰһСԺĽס˪ڡ
·ϣӢ̲סĽᵽζ
ĽЦЦ˵ԼˣһСΪ档
ȷʵԶˣζ᲻ȴţһ¾;
ĸʱ֣ĽȻۣһХǣҹյ
˶ʱĽһ˪ӣ˪Ѿ齣ὣվźӰ


208 
Ľ¶΢Ц侯衣
ԪὣݣվԺ룬ԪȵҹģΣǺηʥ
һԪȻһƮ£ӯ¹ˮ
Ľƿһߣ°
һ¸תӯԣΧһһɴλá
Ũüֱۣڷòã˫տտüӢ䲻
ʱЦЦ

Ԫһ£ѿڽеƣ
ɬһ½ĽĽܲ³Ǳ齩Ӳ˫۴
Ԫþò΢΢һЦȻڵĴһΧĽϡ
һ⣬һڣĿڿײƬ̣ȻҵҲ˸֣Ҿ˵ԪгҲô죬ܷ
Ԫһֱ棬ѸٱȻƣͬʱ̤ǰһȻȵƣ
΢Цһ̡
ԪЦҺôĵӣ
ƣĽתͷ˪˪ҡҡͷʦ壬ҵǹҵһ֣򲻹ġ
Ľüͷ
Ƶǿᣬ֮ףʹԼ׺㣬ԲԪǸɡ
ƣ˪ߡ
ͨʩչܸоõŨĿ־Ԫ˾ƽͣèϷ
΢΢һЦǿˣҹҵӴ󲻴޹ؽҪȪ·ϽУҲį
ԪмЦƣǱɱҲǾ㣡
ƺǺЦָǱ𣬺Ǻǡ
ԪŨüһ壬ǹһ·㣬ѷűڣи̣ǹһᣡ
ƲЦǺǣѽǵҪŵı£ܷ񶷹ʥѩĳϣ

ԪЦСʥѩܴϣ
ЦЦţ˵¹ֵúܣǵʥѩɣȻʥѩǣ
Ԫҧ޺޺ߵһʥѩ壬ߴɣıƣ
Ц̻úܣԪڹʥѩ֣֮Ҳԩ
ƨԪЦȻƣǽ쵹ҪƨĹҵһֵʲôɫ
ǾɣƸֶһЦ͸һ˿Ϣ
󣡡Ԫȵ
ָɽԼϵ˼£ȻռλĸλΧڵС
޷ԶĵˣһƬ⣬С
ãƳЦһ½һãϣ˫ƻӳһһĳ
಻˫ʯһһĿ
Ľü
󷨣磬Ѹȣһ֣ʹڹƸǰԲֺãռϷ硣
ҵĵһ֣Ȼ鴫
Ľתͷһ˪˪ʦ壬ҲҪʦһѣ
Ľҡͷǽͷ򣬵ˡ
һˣ书ǿʤһһеıȴʮ㡣
Ľü˿У࣬˺Ϸˣĺӣմ½ǡ
ĽóǶ棬ɱ֣ʱԣֻʲôʱûˣԻɱ֡
ڰĸ֣һ˪˼άת
ǳ֣˪ﰲȫݣ֣ʱᱻɱʵѡ
ңƵ书Լûбʤգһѱ˪ﰲȫ
Ƭ֮˼άתͷѾӹ¶˾ġ

ʦ塭˪￴ԪǲЦݣ˫磬Ȼʼɱˡ
Ľšһ£Ȼ
˪ֻΧر䣬ֱϮɴ˸תͷǰĽ
ǰʦˣһʵı磬ɱݣǰһе谭
λĽֻನƸоǿңëըĵ˿˿ӿǿҵֱʾΣա
һŤͷĽӭĽտտ⡣
ʱһ£Ŀ类һȭ
ͣĽ˦֣һЮХ˲ǰ
ȣף˹ƽһߣһҼ磬ʧڶǽС
ĽһţһɵģǴһ˿Ц⣬磬ӹơ
ɽȻԪǣƣйȴûôףһǳ䲻⡣
ҼѪֵ£ֹסѪԪ˵Ľߣࡣ
ҲԪˣĽڿײ
Ľ΢΢һЦһǣƿնʵʰƣɫһ䣬ƮһӰ֣һƬ·ˮУȷλá
Ľ΢΢һЦǿľȫӿΪһ壬в˼֮ʹȴԻ˫ۡ
۾ĸоշɵ׽Ĺɡ
˫һһ˦ɵΪһĨ⣬һţ͡һХûǽС
һͣƺһ罦һѪȻΪһӹԺǽʧ

Ľһλһ¡
ʦ塣˪æǰסæ
Ľɫ԰ף¶ЦɽȻǿᣬǽעһηɵ֮ȥ¥֮С
Ԫ˷׷׳һϼָ
Ľףǽ󷨡
󷨹Ȼǰض÷Ҳûôڡ
ԪŲɫ죬ȭֵܣˣС춼ý
ĽЦҡҡͷ̾˿ǰĻɽֻܷĽر˴Լˡ
ԭڵĻɽԪȻֲ̾ãֲã
ΪҴӣȻҲɽȴû޳ɣ֮ͷԡ
һֱ֪Լ̫ǻɽ̫ѣԼѧᡣ
ԪЦĻɽѷ
˪ʦ壬˵գ
ԶԣݡԪæͷ
Ľת֮ʣɨһҹգڰѾʧȻˡ


209 
ݣһˣӣǿϢɣ
˸ɫ죬ƣ˫ƷϢأˡ
Ԫȭͷƣ޺޳̾һڣ̵ģطκβùƣ̵аţֵܣͷˣǵܻ߰
ĽЦЦӲ˵Ϣա
㲻ҪɣԪʡ
ĽɫãҲɽ֪Ǿ۱һһȥ¥ա
ֵܾ˴̼Ǳط
׺ԶҿɱȣطȻҲеġ

Ľ΢΢һЦҵϢһ¼ɣӲزġ
ԪһЦǺãǾͽ
ĽͷȻü̾˿
ôˣԪæʡ
Ľ̾Ϣҡͷû뵽Ӧô죬ӣ߰ɣ
Ԫɫһ䣺ƻˣ
Ŵֺ֣ʵϸҲǼģĹһ㣬תͶ̥ˡ
Ľҡҡͷǹơ
ӴȥԺѾһŮҹƮƮ㺮µӡ
ʥѩˣԪһ˳ĽĿȥ˰Ů¹֮£Բۣüǣ䣬Įڿˡ
˸Ŀ⻹ͷһԼ˱ɱ򣬻һ˷
תͷĽЦʥѩģ
ʥѩѹҵһɽҪңҪʥѩؾתϴ辭ÿһ˵ĳʶ
ʥѩߴ֮һʵǿᣬҪӲܣΨбӮʥѩһ֡
ʹڣʥѩ˾תϴ辭ʵǿҸܶأʥѩΪλҪӦ
˵ʥѩĿ֮һߣв׺ɵԭ򣬶ߣʥѩұ޲ߡ
ʥѩλڼѩӣɶϲ֮ģӣȴݡ
ûϽģ˥䣬ҵĴ̼޲ǲи̿һ¡
ԪҲ̾ʥѩȷʵףÿ꣬ҵǰȥսȻȥȻأʥѩĿ£ҹ֪

ŮԪһ¾͸оŮʥѩӣϵıϢôԶʵʡ
̾һתͷֵܣҪͬȪˣΪҵ£ֵ㣬Ǻò
ĽЦЦӣ˵⻰Ϊʱ磬ߣҵһ
ŰŮ˼
ͨ޵ĵ⣬ȴûɱ⣬ܶ϶Ůǵзѣȴܶ϶ǲҪ֡
ֵܲذ׷ˡԪҡҡͷ򣺡ǶҪΪֵܣͬ
תͷЦʥѩ壬ٺ٣һʥѩ壬Ҹ߿ˣ
ŮһۣĿȪˮҡҡͷһһʧ
˵գĽǺˣ
Ľ΢Цҡͷαضʣ־ˣ
ϱ޷Զ类紵ţɢǡ
Ůһεıԣɣ
Ľüͷ½ʥѩ̸У
Ůͷһ㡣
˵գȽȽ̤ŸƻգĽһۣٿӹԺǽʧҹС
ĽһһƽϵѪɫȥղżȼ
ˣԪš
漴ͷߵԭǴ̽ʵģɵʥѩ壡ֵܣҪȥʥѩ䣿
ĽЦӣû侮ʯǣǸеˣ
Ԫߵɱˣʲôö
ĽҡͷЦٶ˵ʥѩŮûɱ֣ȴҲûˣΪǹһ
̾һǹ˼Ҳʩչɽ¶ɱﵣʧȻŮĻҲС

죬ƽ˾˴ţ˰㡣
ץʱָ󷨺ʹ鵤Ի죬ǲŻָ
ʱݸ
ݸԪǶһ˭֪ݸϹףݸҪԹԵģһ£Ϲҹȥ
Ϲ幫ҲԵϹҹȥģǵˣԵǺ飬Ϣ
ݸ˵԰ʲôңҪܣݸ˿
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ԪЦݸٺᣬҲǰȫ
ӢɷŴЦƨĹңǺΣ
ҡͷЦɲ֣аţλӹһ׶༪١
ݸ˰·ݳǡ
ʱѾʱ֡
Ϧ֮£Ϲҡ
Ϲλݳ룬լռ˰֣һƬƻֺ׳Ȼ𾴡
ݳǵĳظϹһȣޱȣݸ˲֪Ϊˣȴ˲֪Ϲҡ
ʯʨźɫϦɢϢȴ
ľϣʮͭ룬½һţӺݻ֮
еĴųţѰ˼ҹرţ߲СŲͬǰҲûл
Ľһǰʱ죬ϷĶϵĸ֣Ϊ˵ط

Ļ̌ͷĸ֣Ϲҡ
ִ֣پԵֱҶһۣɵĺһĵ¡
˪ʣôˣʦ壿
Ǻ֣Ľĸֿϵƺǿᣬһλ졣
˪Ϲ˼İɡ
ĽͷؿܲµóƣѰõ
ǰȻӭ߳ˣһǰĸ꺺ӡ
񣬷ʣվſ̻ȭλ̨ǽָ
Ľ˺һԪǰȭǺһЦϹңϹϣ
΢ЦСϹ֪λմҪ˭
ԪǺЦԭϹүԪ֮ˣһ´ү
ϹһɫȥԭҵĴӣʧʧˣ
ԪģҲ⣺үˣּǰеǰġ
Цеģ·ûϹ
ĽԪŴǱƢƫƫȴǲ


210 Ǭ
ŶϹЦҡͷﲻ˵Ƚɱ˵ģ
ԪЦЦǺð죬գ˵ʬνɱ˳Ѿҷȡ
ŶϹƣҪԪĻ١
Ľ̾Ϣҡҡͷ
δһ̨ףΣǲύģϹҲףǲУӦɿˣϧү
ΪС˺ƭϹԪۣȻٺЦߵӱŪһʬףðǼһַʵЦˣ
ԪЦеģȷʵˣүػɡ
ƭأϹЦӻ֣ϽߣϹҵĴŲʲô˶ܽģ

Ľüû˵Թۣ˪ɫӢȴѾ̲סˣָȵϹǸϹӣʲôԲѷ֪ߵغ񣡴ܵģŸù
˭Ϲһҧʡ
ӢܰȻߵвգӢҲ
ûϹҡͷЦС䣬Ҳ죬壬ѵ
ǣүһ˹Ӧǡ
еģòͨһľګһʵͽˣΣһˡ
һӢܸǰ˦ҪӢһ̫ͣ죬ӢȻӦȴܡ
Ľҡҡͷһ
ͣӢǰ磬һǽ顱һ죬Ӻźһ
סһתͷĽ
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üĽ˫룬Ҫ͸Ľ˫ۣʵ
壿Ϲе
ٿһصϹߣҡͷ̾үиˣСܣʤ
˭Ϲ̧ͷ
ĽϹ˳ĽȻ

⣬˸ڶ֣ǸҲ̾ѣԲŷԼ档
Ҳ̾ί壬ƾ֣Ϲңɲ£Ժ֡
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ϹһָĽȵʲôˣ
Ľ΢Цȭҿ䣬ҳݡ
ϹȵãҵҲ˲ţգҴһʤңҾͨǱ
Ľͷá
Ϲһָб棬ȴһݣߣȥ򣡡
Ľ΢ЦͷԪӡ
ԪǺЦȻˣдһ°ɡ
ԼϹһֱЦǺǵģûһƢνװװüĽ
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ǰݣĸ֮ݡ
ռؼǰվĸ󺺣׳࣬˫۾âǵҵĸ֡
˸վڣЩţɣվȻͬ
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Զ磬үүڣϹȭЦеʣһаı顣
һ󺺹үء
ϹЦããүүھͺãǽȥ
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ϹתͷЦ߰ɡ
Ľ˵ͷݣէһһȣںģԶȺַǷ
߹ȣǰȻһһƬ䳡ƽ̵أĽһɨȥϽˡ
˽ʱ˸ϹкЦеĻӦаЦݣһԱ
ĽԸ̾ÿ˶ж棬ϹԵѣѼãĵҲԼȴĶ֡

䳡룬һ̨Լʮף̨һ̫ʦΣһߴţֱǹ
ӷüëһֱߣ췽ͦ˶˸ӲϢ˫۾Ϭһ֪а۲֮־
Ľһˣ֣
ȴ˵֣ƽƽǶ䡣
үүϹ¶ЦݣЦеĴˣ̨£һԾ˸̨
˸ԾȥԵ˫һӣͣĽϡ
Ԫˤ棬Ķ֣Ϲ˼鼫á
Ľͷһ档
Ԩɲ⣬ԶʤԼԼǶ֡
ѣʡ
Ϲҡͷҵˣģ
šһͷʣҲˣ
ҲŲأֺã޹ڴ磬ҺαֿԣϹЦǣҿ֮һи֣ҽҪд书ģ
˵ţϹָһĽ
ǰĽ΢ЦзҲʶһϹҵ书۽硣
ͷţᣬ˹ѵãǾдɡ
Ԫȭ΢ЦǰԪҵӣǰˤִ
ڰ֣΢ЦϲԽΪܣϷˣͷһޡ
Ԫҡͷ̾ǰϵ׳һ֮ڵƽʮկ۷
渧׺ǺЦ״죬ֵһᣬʼɣд书㵽ΪֹĪҪ֣
ϹЦүүģһСĵģ

ĽϹվԶϹЦ֪մء
Ľ΢΢һЦ
ϹƲƲ죬֪Ǽһǹأ
һߵøͳҵǬưɣ
˵գǰһƮƮʻ
Ľʩչ׺ƣ˶һ
Ľ̾ȻѧԨԴǬԼǬƣȴȻͬ
ǬԼȡΪһһأȡ
ϹǬƸǬ֮һΪһΪһΪǬһΪмΪˣš
һһɻת仯ͬԼ
ʹʤһƫƫ޿κΡ
ӢܼƲ󲮣ʦǲҪܣ
Ԫҡҡͷ˫۶ųУߵѻ죡ֵôܣúÿŰɣϹҵǬƣ
ǬϹ˼ףֹ֪
Ľ͵ѧ֮ͷϹͨʩչŬ׽˼


211 ϧ
ϹûгǸаһ֣ȴȫĵĹעʽϣûһ˿ˮ
Ľ̾ӵܣȷʵСѧԨԴͬСɣģ׺У˶ѡ
һĽʩչͨȴǼѣϹʽߣʽ仯Ҳű仯ʽ仯Ī⣬˼Ҳˡ
ĽĶãһӦǬƣһʩչͨҪŪǬƵİ
ǳѣϹľˮѴĦ
ȭ֮أΪһֱദ첻ͣʩչͨնȡ˼άѧȭ
һ׺ŽվûʲôͨҲûʲôôʱ䣬Ϲ˼֮ѡ

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˰Σüͷ絶̡
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ǬƷȵ׽ȻϲȻĻԪ࣬꣬Ȼȴƫ
ǬƷ˫ַΧ֮ڣԼ񣬿ƣʧȥЧ
侫裬ϾǳȫӳǬƵѾˡ
ǸƷ񣬸Ҫǣ֮ǬƷȻ΢
һˣʹǬ£Ҳ޷вܲƷȻһ

к棬Ľ֪Һʱôһλ֣ᣬǰ;
ĽһãһֱڴĦǬƣȴҪֻĪ⣬һʱ֮ž
ԼһϹʱŤ仯ʵ飬ʵ֮࣬δ
˲һ𣬲֪䣬Ѿйȥ
Ϲͷϰڣѩ˷·Ϊһûһ˿覴ã˫纮ǣǬԽԽǿ
ôûйĺ죬˸֣˶֣ǰûһսǬƾ衣
ʱĽĵ⾡˴ϻۣʵӢţϧ֮顣
ֹ˰УȻһԾеͣס
Ľ˺Ϣȳƣû֣ЦǬƹȻ鴫
Ϲҡͷǿðɣһȥͨȥջգ
Ľ΢Цͷлү
Ϲڰ֣ߵл˵õģѽǲʹ죬ϧһ书
ĽǺЦЦҡҡͷ˵
۲׺ɽԲţ׺ɽİΣغһɲ
ϹתүүҶ
ҡҡͷ˼ĿһĽһս洦󣬸ղд輸Ρ
⣡ϹæͷתĽ֣Ǹдѽ
֮áĽЦ
ǬƷȻܾȴǳԲ׺Žһ㡣
;ͬ飬֮ѧ϶ͨģңɽ֮ʯԹǬƷٽ׺ŽȱչЧһ㡣
ʹܿǬƷҲ֪ˣ׺Ž֮öѧԼ졣

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ջǰһϣ꽫ȥƹĽһóõСԺɴݳе
ԪȭлˣҲû
סһլһСլӣλڿջԱߣһҶŶ죬ֻլڿջˡ
լӹǰԺпԺĺԺԺǻ԰
԰Ϊ£мɽСϪΧ裬뻹һغɻϼܻˮ鿣½ӵ
ڳϵĻһ߹ͺɻһ˵лһˬĽԳһ·ĳͶٷ·һʧ
ԪЦֵܣ㸣ѽһ˵ɡ
ĽЦҡͷϹûʲôĻϹԪزһ
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ĽЦЦԵͷϹԪ⣬Ԫûס־ѵá
ĽЦӣҾͲһˣȥϹүд书
ţҲáԪͷ
ϹԪභǣҪֵ˸֣ܲȥò
ŤͷһӢܣӢܣҲȥ
󲮣ΪβȥӢܵʱӦæе
ԪƲƲ죬бһۣߣëƢȥֻỵ£
߯СˣҸȥһ仰˵ǣӢܺߵ
Ԫбõ
֤Ӣͷ
˪ﵭȥɡ
ԪߵðɣȻڣҾһأ죬ֱӰ
˵ŻţӢܹȥţվһŮʸ߹û˵ֻǳһȻ뿪

ڶ峿ڿջǰԹ˷ĽȥݣԪȥϹ
ĽǵİȫģϹңΣգԼҲ£Էúò׺ŽҲѧһѧǬƷ
һſڣϹվǰȥʱĽ֣ʱϲŽ֣֣֣
ĽһسǰȭЦүǵң
Ϲæͷǣôѽǿȥ


212 
ϹֽߣĽû㣬ţ°ЦλүûĻ졣
Ż谵ߣϹҶҲҲǸգǸˣܺദģ
ĽЦŵͷ
ǰȻһ䳡ŵ䳡͸һɲç֮ɳ
ʱַ̫࣬ǷɢϢǶΧڸ̨ǰ䳡տϢŨ

˳֣ٶˢˢ
ϹЦүү磬
˵ţĽӣ·ɿ죬̨ǰٺһЦһԾӹ˵ͷ˵ĺ
ϹװЦүү磬ֵ
ʱ̨ϰ̫ʦΣſţУ𵶣˱ֱ˫۾
һǶʮ꣬ɫڣò˫ͣ紺硣
òϹʮǧ˺ֵܣü֮ơ
ЦҡͷܣЩ¶ɣ
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ĽЦӴ棬ֻ
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ĽӣЦϹµһۼˣֻܱһˣ֪ΪˣȻԳ
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ĽЦЦӣϹҲϻϻȺۣ˿ð
Ϲ룬Цٺ٣˵ҲǣҲǽˣϲԵ޹˵ġ
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ĽЦЦǬ鴫Ҳýүǿʼ
ѽϹ˷ܵĵ˺ڿʽĽǰ˹ȥӯѸݡ
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úãϹе˫һ࣬˫ּһֻԲ

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Ľһս԰ܣһ棬ԼԼ
Ʒ֮һֵúãǧѣĽһֱɻϹ˼εܴƷ
ȥĽȻֲ˺ãϹȴҲռϷ磬Ľ׺־ףѷ¡
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ܵǬƣǬϵ裬˵ԼǴĴҲԶԶ硣
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λĽǬ£·磬ռռʯ˾ʮߣҲѴﵽ
ǬƵϤʹˣǬ£ҲҪţԾͷ
Ľȴ࣬䲻ʤȴҲܣļʽź֣׵Ļû죬ˣĽʦָôأ
Ϲʱһʹ죬ĽУܷſֽţҲʱУǬ
ϹףҵĽ֣ίʵѵã书ǿᣬԼ࣬ԾˣܼԼС
ĸ֣֮䣬ǽǰһ˶ѣϧľ
ĽʱͬС
Ϲү񣬸ԾˣǬƷÿʱо֮£̼ҲŽ׺ŽԽԽ
֪֮УʽԽԽŵÿԽԽ

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ȷʵʹ죬Ҳд˸УϹͷüЦ㶯֣Ǭƽʤһޣ
ϧϹǺЦţ֣ʵѵõԵݣ
Ϲ˷ܵĵѽԵԵݣ֣סݳһ
ĽЦһҡͷãϧ²Ը
Ϲʱɫʧҡͷ

ϹˣЦֵܣʲô£ϹܴͣҲȥ
ĽЦЩ˴ͲãңǷһ飬Ըȥһʥѩ壬ʥѩĵӱһ
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Ľͷ·ϣʥѩˣȷʵްգֻܾΪ
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213 
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Ǻǣ⵹ҲǡϹͷЦֵ˼ǵǣڷİգѾѣϲΪС
ĽЦԸˣҴǰΪԸ̸ףɸΪ񲯡
ϹİգҲУ
⻰Ľһ֪ʮа˳ɣûʲôˣԪŴֺȴϸ緢֮ϲŪ׾

Ϲ֣վ֪Ҳֵܣд輸УΣ
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Ϲһ漴ȻǺЦңˣֵܸղſսһЪһЪ
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Ƕű۵ϢĽ֪ͣǴðģУүƷϹ˼˿ɱȣǴүүƷҲүĶ֡
ү͵ļһүƽֱ֣̫⡣
ǲ׺ɵģСӢۣ׺Ϊߴ֮һȻСء

ĽֻܿϢһӣǹΪ֮ƾƳ֮ûƣ̫ס
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ĽҡͷЦ̫߿ˣԶ硣


218 
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ĽȻһӣʱ缤ϯȥ

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ĽһЦҺαˣ
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Ľֱһɫƥơ

Ľ׿ϹͼļʹĽԲ׺Բ׺ŽҲ
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219 Σ
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220 ׷
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Ľһüë֮ϵСӣһ¶˶ʮ꣬ȥʮǰˡ

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һ·֮ϣʩչṦУףŹٵߣǼˣҲΪԼۻ
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һŲʮȻڣסſڣŻ俴


221 ִ
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м˲ŭһνĻ͵һ̡
һУ⼸˳֣Ǳĺˣɫ԰ס
Ľ²ͣǺǳЦȤԼҲһ֣ãԽԽǿίʵˡ
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ꡭ۶ϣ֦飬أҲɢɾ

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ҡͷ̾ϢΪȻ֣Ⱥˡ


222 ס
ĽĿ뿪ЦЦǰʥѩ壬ſԽΡ룬߲ʣ·ߣҲԽоԼ֮С
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˵ŮߵбۿмƲƲ죺ļһӮʦ㣬ǳ˵Σ

˵꣬Ťͷߣ˷ϻ࣬죡
¼ӿ죬ŰѩУӯţÿɣż䵽ѩϣֻһС㡣
ĽޣʥѩṦ̤ѩ޺ۣ֮𲻾ȷʵ鴫
СǿṦȴ˸ȻṦķԼṦ̤ѩ޺ۡ
ɽϣһֱϣٶȼ죬ѩԽԽɽԽԽ絶书
ţǰȻʣһƽ֮أһɽȣһƬԲΣһӡ
ƣ뾵С
Ƭλɽ룬Χ෿ݣݶļ⣬һƬ¥󣬶㣬һ𣬹续
ŵ羵һɴ磬͸һ
Χ̲ݣɽȣɽɣů紺Ȼһ硣
ƯɣŮŤͷʣ
ĽջĿ⣬̾һ˼ɾ
ŮЦһᵽʥѩ壬ǶΪҪȴ֪컯úܣƫƫôһůط
Ľͷ
Ůһ֣ͷ߰ɣȥᣡ
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źǿĽһŮʣСʦã˭ѽ
Ļ̌ȥЩв˶ɫʹƽƽҲףмס
Ľ˼ۣø׺ɽƣʦʦǣʹòƽģҲʶˡ
ȻǶص书ķ¡

Ůеʦ㣬ҵˣ
ŶŮԴɳƣ漴Ů۷׷ףһ۲ռ䣬䵽Ľϡ
Ľ΢΢һЦɫ̧һһȥĿһһӹŮÿһŮӶŹ
ŮֻƤˣ·վǰԼȻһǸ
ܲסĽջĿ⣬ŭѣ߯ԵǸö
߰ɣŮ״һ޵Ťߡ
ĽһСӣŮңңһ֣΢ЦŸŮķݶȥ
ߺŮ۷׷ס
Ӵһǿö࣬ʦ
ʦ㣬סˣʦ㲻ǲ֪ͷۣҲӮʦ㣡
ǾǣʦһһӣôӮ
ʮһҲʤʦģİգ
۷׷ף˫۷Ź⣬˷Ī
ܿʦʩչ书ǿ۸ඣ
ԸһﲻҪ̫ܣżУҲܶ࿴ʦ书
˵ܳŹУ
ҾãʮܳŹȥģϾȴǰˣ
ţࡣ
ҿŲʮУ
ʮУʮУҲ߯߿Ҳ룡
࣬ʼ䳡һʱַǳݺ

Ľ뿪ڣŶ
ǵۣҡͷЦʦԼĴʦһ㣿
ŮһСԺŽȥ󣬼ɽԺӵУǡãǻԣһʯλڼɽ¡
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˵գŤȥӰӡ
ĽݣһӦȫջһ㣬ϰ飬ӡˢǷ𾭡
Ľ𾭣СͣĶӳģˣܱС
˷мҰʷţȴûһԺеʯԣ˲裬һƷһ߶顣
Ǻò裬ˣ⡣
ģůģķ²յԺŷ򣬽Ų𣬽Ů
һŮƮƮζȣ߼ã̬ȻĶ
ЦĿˮ֮·һˮЦʹ˳
ĽͷһæѹĺָЦݣǸ˶ֲס


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ǰŮȵտȻǱţݼ
ĽƳһۣת֮Ůӣ˫ֺʮһ΢Ц׺տȻţ
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Ľ֪Ů⣬ѹסԼˣԼţڡ
ϸϸĽЦĽ΢ЦԣҲһԲ˶˰Ρ
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ĽЦԭʦãʦֱڿ죬ҺϲĻ֣
˺һƲƲ죬αԼ޵ƫƫ˵ʲôϲûαˣ
Ľ⻰ȴ黰֮ͨ£ԷĻһ֪Ȼȴ޶⡣
֪֮նͨ󣬸ˡ
˷ûʲôУֻСѾͷʢ춾е˼˼
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ĽЦЦʦûСٴһЩͻˡ
ߣ˽һɴ󣬶ݺݵĵ
ĽЦʦã˵ˣ
ƲƲ죬мĵߣҲһ˵

ˣˣڰ֣ЦտȻ仹һӣ֥ͥһ𣬻򿴿Χķ羰ɽһɢɢģú÷ɣȡʤ񽿡
ǣлǰĽʮ
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Ľ΢ЦͷŮЦ̶ˣº֮
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ĽЦٺòʦˡ
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뿪֥ͥһۣЦЦתͷտȻʦ֣ǳȥɣȥʥѩתһת
ĽͷŮСԺȻֳɽȣӭݺɽȥ
絶죬ʱǵıɽûԾһϮ
ŮޱȻϾ뵥ͬңŮڹҲͬηϺˣζ
С˼ĽȻϤȴ֪ղ񹦣׺񹦣һɵϺ֡

һ·֮ϣŮʩչ̤ѩ޺ۣŲմأżһ漴ƮһƬë紵ϣĿ
ĽǿϣװܳģǵŮƴ٣޲ðϿ壬
˰;Ů㺹󣬼ĽϢ֣ȴ治ɫʱ֪˵
Ůҧһۣ˶Էеŭ
ŮҲЪϢϣһʩչṦһָĻУĻԾָҲ졣
һŮعٶٴμӿ졣
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ƣͥཿ߳һƮǰ˫ư£ƮƮѩ׹䣬˵Ķˡ
ƿӯƮѩأٶ죬˲䵽Ľؿڣһ˳һߣܿ
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Ľʩչ׺ƣӭͥ˫ƣ࣬ͥƷ׺ƣԲһ
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ת۹ʮйȥĽǷ࣬ƾͥƴ޿κΡ
ֲ֥ͥ˺ã콿ЦҪʦģӲ죬Ҳһϣܳ𣿡
ĽЦɣ
ŮϣƷӳͬϡ
Ľϸ۲ŮʩƷѩưɣȻŮԶǳԶûܷӳ


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ԴĽĹ飬ЦЦŮһŭ죬Ҫ䣬ְѻȥҧʮС
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ʱţ뺮ɵԽԽǿʵʣ󺣣Ǳӿ֮£һ߳Уһʩչǧ׹סΣڱƳʯͷ⡣
ϴ磬Ľؼϲ¥Ԧʹָ

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ͥСĵ㷢Цʣʦ֣ʲôƷѽ
УʪѺָܿɫҲָƽ
ĽЦǱɽƷв׺ƣװɣ
ԭɽƷѽֲأŮȻͷƺһɫҲһЩ
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֥ȻڣСʦڲһ˵һСߴ˵ģѾܺˣŽɽǻȣ¶ˣ
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ͥЦСʦȴһﶼϲ

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Ǻðɡ֥ΪźĿһۺ档
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˵赭дŮȴɫһ䣬һЫ

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һ±ӣߵɱ˼ңȻ
Ľһ̯֣ЦҪɱңԲִУ֣һ֣;
˲мĵһ㣬֪Ǻˣɱ˲գ۵ģ
ĽЦʦãҪ䣬農ĵ˵һңʥѩĿ˰ɣ
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ڶ죬Ľ𴲺һ书֥ͥܿ˽һϮڰɴʶԼŮ
ĽŮһۣЦЦ
ͥЦտȻʦ֣ɽҪװģԹ緹ˣ
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Ľߣ·񣬶ǹ°ݣŮɫûƼᣬƮƮС
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226 Զı
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ͥܿ˷ҩȻһ˾¥ߣĽ°Ȼܡ
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ĽתһȦȻ󷵻أ˲ʩչṦߡ
һ·֮ϣʱǣŮ׷׹Ů̹Ȼ֮Ҳ˵
ڴԭϣߵģĽֻ泩Цϧû۳һҲ
ǲģͥЦ˵Ůš
ĽЦЦΪͬ
˱˵ߣϡ٣յûˣȻһ
תͷȥȴʮƥڶת˽ǰ
ǰͷһƥ쿥ſһŮʮƥű뺷󺺣浶ɷɭɭ
ӱ޴׷ŮԽ׷Խ޲ʱŮϣúŮƤ
ſһԣҧź촽ǰǿ
ĽһɨŮòüţˣһϧĽϢ
һϴЦѾͷܲģȥѹկˣкβã
Ůҧ´һԲ飬Ѫϣͣʣݵ
ͥһʱȣס֣
ʿſˣŮһϮɰɴһǰ֮ƶʱһŮ롣
ŮǰΧȻ£ڲݵϹ˼£ͣ£һѾȥˡ
쿥ﳤȥ

ʮƥվţǰ㣬ϴǿŮԶĺŮ
һ󺺱ȭʥѩɹǣ
ͥߣ֥ƮŮǰ鿴Ѫģĺ󱳣¶̣Ťͷһڴ󺺡
ϴ󺺺ٺЦɫΣŮӲʲôˣ͵ǵĶλɹ죡
ǺˣͥʣˮĿ䳤ת
ϴǫĵɹãկˣɱ޹
կͥһ£ڰ֣ţ߰ɣ
͵Ƕ󺺳һ¡
Ľ΢ЦţһԲŮδ¡
͵ʲôͥߵ
æһ壬һһŷдһ֣ҴСġ
֥Ůؿڣͳһ壬ƴСʵѰϸۣ˳һףæ۽ס
лɹãлɹãæлϲЦտһ塣
ˣϽߣͥߵ
ֱӴ壬ȭ֣СǾ͸ǣλɹñأ
˵գһתͷһ˫ȣ㱼˳ȥ˸ں棬һ򣬽СʮСڵʧҰС
Ľ˼ĶǣСӣüͷ
ŮѺŮѣһЩΣݼݼܿ࣬С븸Ϊ
ϸ£׺Ȼɱˣһԭûֻ̲ܴ֮
ΪƾԼĹ̽ȡȴܹҲ򲻹ǣֻߣǴȣ׼Ҫǿڡ
ˣŮȦᡣ
ĽһԲִΣûҵ¡

˵꣬ͥİգǣկ˲پģ
ݼݼ۽ǣ̾㣬һߣ
šͥͷ룬կ˵Ӻܴ󣬵ܲʦ㣬ô죿
֥Ǿʥѩɡ
ĽһʦãʦãҿԱҴط˲ᣬϲʥѩ塣
ͥһİƣѽҩ
˵գæӻͳһֻƿݼݼ£ҩĩݼݼ˲ҧء
۰ɣͥƿ۾ͽмû˻Цģҩã̫ˣ
ݼݼǿЦЦҡҡͷǿͥһ䡣
֥ұ߰ɣֱȥʥѩ塣
⡭ݼݼΪѡ
ͥЦ¿߲·书һϽİɣ
ߴ٣ݼݼŲԸķ֥ʩչṦֱʥѩ塣
һʥѩ壬ӭʦ㣬ʦ㣬˭ѽ
֥·ϾȵģݼݼãСʦãйҵɽ𣿡
ҡͷ칫ҵ˾ɽ
Ȼ˫۷Ź⣬Ľ
ĽЦЦʦãˣȷʵˡ
û𣿡æʡ
ĽЦһǲУˡ
ûã˺ߵƲƲ죺ʦˣһŮˣ˵ҵģ
Ľһæ˪
ţʵءб
Ľ˼룬ʮ죬˪ִܵû뵽ʥѩĴӡ
ȥɡĽת
֥ãסʦԱߣʦš
ٺòĽͷٲߡ

صСԺ˪һϮʯǰ飬æӭЦݣӯӯһ񣺡ʦ壡
Ľڰ֣Цһ·ɺãϹҵˣ
ţȡ˪ͷ
㣿Ľʣʯǰ
˪ִյ㣬ʥѩĴӣ
ĽЦҪұˣ
ǡ˪Ц
࣬ȣǰģ֪С
ĽҡͷЦ֮治ã㣡
һĨһ亹û뵽˿ɶԼֿǻҪԸҷ緶
˪һ˺ܺõġ
ĽЦЦϧעǶ֣úЪһЪһ·˰ɣ
˪Ṧңһࡣ
ֲô졣Ľͷ
°񽿵ΪṦߣ˪Լ칦
˪ʣʦ壬˵ҵˣûѰ鷳ɣ
ĽЦЦղɽ»ˣںˣֻҪʥѩ壬صѰˡ
ƽʥѩ壬Ϊ棬ʹʥѩ빫ҷĿ빫Ҷϣǣʥѩ塣
ǿȴȲϲ׺ɣʥѩ岻ͬͬΪߴ֮һСò
һ֮䣬뵽ı
˵Ż֥ͥЦ˪
ʦãһ¡Ľ彪֥֣ߵ
֥ĪֿŮջֺ棬Žݡ


227 Ա
һݣ֥̲סʣʲôѽصģ
Ľ֣֥һۣյǰ˺ţǼ䡣
Ľյߣ£Ҫʦ˵
š֥Ťͷæһźƣǿţװģʣʲôѽ
ĽλЩס
ף֥⣬ͷʣ˵˻ѣ
ĽͷûһƣǰҲʲôկģҲʲôŮӡ
һģ֥ɴ
Ľæָǰһ
֥æѹܰգŲˣ

Ľ΢΢һЦҡҡͷ
֥æôģ
Ľҡͷ΢Цˣ˵Ҷ˵ˣŲ㣬סʦ˵
Ϊʲôʦã֥⡣
ĽЦʦĻһ֪¶ܿóųȴǸɫʦѽǱ˻Ǯ
˵ôɵ֥һۡ
ĽЦƵóһвڹ֮٣㲻ͳ˻
֥һһŮӣΪβǣһǺ˵
ʥѩΧܵİɣĽЦ
֥ͦһ¸ظȻͷȻ
Ľʣгˣ
֥ҡҡͷ
Ľʣԭϴҽ֮ǣһǱʰùǺɣ
֥¶ЦݣʥѩΧûܣΪܵģҲʵʵ񣡡
ⲻˣĽЦ˲·죡Щˣŭܸģ
ǣ߹һ֥м
Ӽ˻ҧأĽҡͷڰ֣Ųţȥ˵һϰɣǰ¶
Ǻðɣ֥һ£ͷ˳ӡ
һݣͥæչȥʦ㣬˵ʲôѽģ
֥Ц˵㻵
ѽҲʦֲǺˣͥݺݰһ۳ݵĽߵ
ĽСӣǺһЦ

֥뿪СԺֱߣ˾ź䳡е¥ǰ˶١
ܵǣ磬¥ԭ֮磬Ϲһңд֣϶
ҸվһŮ񻣬һԲһʳ۲ת潪֥ôͣס
֥룬һҧߵǰʦãš
ãȥԲŮЦӯӯת˴ܿŻʦȥ
֥һ˴һǰŹ߱ǿ֡
â֮һŮӣׯȻЦ
ţ֥ں̺ϡ
𣺡ɣ¡
֥۾Ӧ˹һϮİۣס壬ϥһŰϣֱ߷һ飬
ǿֱֱ£·һۺϹߣ֡
̴ģ֥ϡ
΢Ц֥˵˵ɣôȻʲô£
ǣš֥㽫ɽľ˵һ飬ȻĽĻݼݼĻ졣
ͷ˼
Ƭ̧̣ͷȻ΢Ц֥㷢û
֥һ£ҡҡͷӾòǻˣӦòڡţǲʦֹˣ
ߣˣģЦζ
ɣ֥æҡͷȻʦЩĵعǻˡ
֣־һԴСѾͷ֪ն񣬿˭ˣ
֥ͷͷ˼ЦЦ
ðɣҾտȻġЦ
š֥Щɻ
ЦӯӯĵտȻСһ˲ã˫ɮտȻԭ쵱Ŀܣ
Сϣȥ񽿹
ǣţһŮŲԶ

һһŮƮһϮ°԰ӣһȾմ˼̻
üǣмƣʥѩĴ񽿡
֥硣
񽿰ڰ֣񣬵ʲô£
֥ɽ¾һˣˣȥ
ǡ񽿵ͷĲ˵֥һ˴
˴䳡ʱŮ΢΢ͷ羴Ʊ໹Ҫġ
װƮƮ䳡źߣȻʵʦãտȻΣ
֥æʦ㣬ʦе֣ǻˡ
񽿵ͷ
֥һ£ʦ㣬ʦֵΪܾˡ
񽿡šһΪǳɽһ档
֥һæ죬ĽദĿ̽ʵʦο
ĽøУ˺ܺãʦ˵ʱֻ˵Ϊܸߣٶ˵
˺ܿĽߵСԺݼݼŻ̬СԺɢ񽿿˿ƣľο뿪ص϶
飬ʣ񽿣ôˣ
ϣ磬ҡͷƤˣ£ǡ
ǰ֪˰ɣʡ
飬˼ۣͷţǸˣɣҿá
һüûģ
ʲôģ̧ͷ
Ůûɣ᲻ģ
һ飬˼ĳ۲˸

ҡͷտȻ˵Ů⣬Ļ죬ûƳ
룬ҡҡͷƲ
㲻տȻѽЦӯӯĵ
ЦЦ⡣
Ц񽿣Ϊ书ǿͲտȻ﷭
񽿵ǣİգһСĵģ
ѽҡͷߵһأҿҪûؾתϴ辭붯˲׺ɵˣ׺ҲŹ֣ûѲɣʤ£
¶֣ҡͷ
ţǰţѵһ֡ͷЦ㰵жŮˣԷһĪ֪
õġ񽿵ͷ
ȻΪȻС޴ҲѲɣտȻıԼǿ
ʾˣԸĵȴĿһУûĽ˵ĽƲںȴա


228 ҹ
ڶ峿Ľ𴲣Ȼϴһ׺Ž˪Žһ
Ŵ޷죬Ӣˬ
糿Ŀˬз·㣬СԺڶ
˪һһʣʦ壬ǽô죿
ĽһƵˣŽǺ̫΢Цɽ棬飬ǲϲ
˪Цʦ壬Ǳģѽ
Ľ΢΢һЦⳡԣעͽʽˡ
˪ЦȥĬȻ
񽿣Ϊ纣Զʤʦ壬˱䣬ʦӮĻ΢΢

һƺȻӿ죬˸ɱӯӯ
뵽ڵΣתϴ辭ǼĸڣҾǿ롣
ССһңתϴ辭ʱǵԼұϢҵɫȴ;ñ
һҲòתϴ辭»ˣҲȥܿҾˣ
뵽Щ·һʯѹĿڣ
Щ¹ؼˣԺͲ˼ȴأһֱƴΪڣΪ˲˥ȥ
򲻵ѣûа취ǸӲӣҲˣò׺ɵ˴ұ䡣
ʥѩĴΪʦȻҲǶ֣һαȻעҪʧˡ
ɫ԰ףҧӣԽԽ죬ǡ
Ľͨоʣ̾һ뿪ЩգⲻΥܻ֮ա
˪ҡҡͷ
Լĸˣģȴڵ壬Сһֱϥ£ڸĸ
Ľٶ˵ҡҡͷ
ʱ죬֥ͥʦ֣ãɽɣ
ĽЦãǳɽȥԶ
ٺò֥ЦͥһۣĽ뽪֥˵Ļ
˪Ҳʰ飬Цӯӯļ

ļ죬ĽһֱŮԺ֣ʶﲿķСӷ֣ѷԭϷ羰
ңСʲôУԭڴˣŨһֶصĽϲ
˪ﰴĽǣҲģĽһˣ
ĽǻɽСԺʯԣȲġ
֥һ۶Ժʦ֣ǱһֱûжʦŪ˰ɣ
ĽЦ𼱣Ӧþ⼸ˣһֱ˿
֥ҡҡͷûأҸ֮Ҳû˵ʲô
ĽЦЦ㲻֪ˣģһоգ˵ġ
֥ͷ˼
ͥජˣͷߵ˵ʲôأôѽ
֥Цûʲô
ʦ㣡ͥ༱ˣץס첲һͨҡΡ
֥޿κΣ˿ĽĽЦŵͷ˵գʦñǡ
֥Цãʦã˵˵ҡ
ͥɿ֣ߵ˵
֥ʦ˵Ǿȵ⣬С⣬ǳ֪ˣ᲻Ȼһֱ˵
ʲôѽͥ۾ҡͷû˵¿һˣǻô
֥ʦôɣС޴ʦãٸüˣ֪ô
šͥĲɵĵͷã
ĽԽ֥һЦ֥̾˿˵ûȷʵøʦõģͽա
֥ʣʦ֣ôûʲôô
ĽһۣȻЦʦãǲǱʵģ
ǡ֥æҡͷ۾תӡ
ĽһЦҡͷѲɣʵģ
ʦ֥֡һۡ
ĽЦðɣװͿ

ºһϣһԲ£ԱʥѩİѩΪɫӰӰ´£졣
ҹɫʥѩһƬΨкХĺ粻֪ƣĴţѩһģ
ɽ֮У˼վ¥Ϸɽȣ˶˯ȥ
ȻǷ׷׵ȥϢ
гһϢע⣬ѷ
ɽȿںȻжʮŰ磬ѩΪһ壬ʹϸҲѷ
ɽȣ̲֮£ϻԳΡ
ȴȻ磬¶ĲɫװɫΪһ壬ϸҲѷ
ʮ˽ڹȿڣҿ˿ûһ£ףЩ˸ҷʥѩǽˣֻ¥ϼ˿š
ʱ¥ϼ˱ʥѩͳһ֮أҲпЦ
ǶڹȿڣһʥѩĵӷֻҪסȿڣԴԴϵĽ֧Ԯ
һȺȺӿ˽Ϣȴź޵ףת۹Ѿ˳֡
ȻһХ쳹ɽȣһ͵ʥѩһ飬ɱУڣ
񣬻ȴɭ飬һ󺺽еãˣ
һ޹˼ɣСһӿ˽Ųõ
ߵĽȺһһӵŮӣ¾װӢˬһӣغ̿סͨ϶·
ÿһ飬Σѩģȫ̿ǡߣȥһƬƬѩڵϡ

һʨĴЦڲųǣгıԹıԹɱɣ
ɱˢˢİγһָӿߣŮӣ˫۷Ź⡣
һ󺺲ߺȣǣʥѩ壬дߣɷһʥѩӣؼҵ
˺ۣ˷ܵĴУ
ԭϵˣʥѩŮĪŮ˳羴֮Щȴֻͬ
ٶŮԣ˪Цɱʢ
һĽУһ𣬶ʱ⽣Ӱ˸Ľ
˪ѾĽԺվڷɽеΡ
˪üʦ壬ҪҪһѣ
Ľҡҡͷ΢Ц׼ǽƾͼƣҪŴأ
˪Ȼٴߴ١


229 
һ飬γһѩ״ƮߣƬ̲ͣϳӶһƬһƬĽ⡣
Ǹֺ˪˫۱䣬ޱ顣
Ӵ
һҽӴﴫڵϣֱڵϴҽУһʱ䣬ɽ޵
ЩڣһײŮ·ѩˮʱȥǵ£Լ˺
Ľ̾󷨣
˪רעʦ壬ʲô󷨣һ˶ʮֻ֣
Ľҡͷ̾д󷨣ʥѩǣ

ӡ֤Ļڴڣһ󷨣·ڣиѣܿе䡣
һת۹ԭռ֮Ƶˣȫܣ⵶Ӱ֮Уһ絹£Сո
һеɱѽûˣһһĭҲǣֵǣѽǻȥ
˻ƣɽϷصѹ˲ҽ
ĽЦЦ
է䣬һӰ϶ɳ̤ź棬貨Ǵ󺺸ǰһĿڣת۵ɣ̤źˮ϶
䣬һգۣؿڣ顱һ죬Ȼ
һз̤Уһȡһ书ίʵˡ
⣬Լ֣Ҳ޻ֻ֮·һ
Ľ̾Ϣø񽿣ṦÿĽ
Ṧ˪ͷûṦܴ󣬿ʮɣ̤Уޱȡ
ʥѩ̤ѩ޺ۣȷʵףĽ̾
׺ɽҲв׺ȻҲ˹ֲһ飬ԼԶ񽿡
˪ֵû뵽˺
֥ͥ࣬ûɱ˵ģɽ£ģȴĴ֮ʡ
ʱڽУȴɾ䣬һÿɱˣ绻һˡ

ĽһۣƬ̣ķԵʣתķȥֻǣûС
ǵĿ⣬飬飬ͨĸӦĽµа
ԭ˪Ȼ
Ƭ̣˪Ȼʦ壬ǻǰæɡ
ʱִɽɽʮˣǸ֣Ҳ󷨣ʮһ飬ʥѩˡ
ʥѩһ󣬷·תľӣͣոʱʮˣʱתˡ
ĽͷţҲãҲб
Ʈݣ嵽˳У˪｣ѩֺת۹ɱˣĽһǰ˷׷׷ɳ
Զеһ⣬˳ȥóطʥѩ˵С
ʦãʦãҽȥĽ
֥ͥһ飬ӭսʮ󺺣ǸղųĴǣǸּ
֥ͥ˪Ŀ·ûѩˡ
ü֥ʦ֣ȥɣʥѩʰǣ
Ľߵٷϻҽȥ
֥ͥһۣ˵ͷһĽһ˪롣
ŮϼӼΣָ糣ѵӭʮ󺺵ĳԽļˡ
ĽУ΢΢һЦһָ
͡һХУ׺ָָƿնһ󺺡
󺺡顱һ类ľУֱͦͦɳԶ;ײ󺺣ŵȥû
˪һû뵽Ľָ
ĽҲһû뵽һû׺ָˣףǲ׺񹦽¡
˵ҺԦָ֮ǿǾˣǴҲӹָ֣֮£޻֮

һָһָʮת۱ʰĸ༸˸СĽָҲ˼֡
ٱ䣬֥˰ƣסʮ˵Ŀ񹥡
ʱʮ˳˽һ˽󣬲ߣںߡ
޳ĪĽҡҡͷ׺ָôԶޣȻ˫ָ͡һָ
Ľ̾ϧԼûָ̫ϣʮָ뷢ʳָָ
һ㣬ʮָĻǹһ㣬
飡飡飡飡ĸ˲ˣָײϣʱ˳ȥһ·ײˡ
ʱʣ󺺣뽪֥ƽһ䣬·磬ǽ֥Ƕ֡
һһǶʤ֥ǣǽ˺һԶʤˡ
ĽһЦһѳ˽̤źУ˫˼£ʱӹ棬䵽档
ʮһˣ紵СϱҪ֣Ľٿһʱ󺺷ɳ
׺ָֽĸֱŤתơ
ɱǸеģȺкȻһϺȣʮ͵ĳ˹ĽΧڵС
ĽһЦʥѩ壬Ϊ˶ؾתϴ辭ʥѩԼ¡
ϴ£ĽȴԹۣ뽪֥ദʥѩŮȣ﴿δθڣơ
ΣԹۣѰ
ʮΧĽʩҪ࣬ĽȻ壬Ҳ㣬ɵ
˫ˣɣ˵죬ϣƿȴûѪ
ղ񹦣һֱеõ̫ˣղƿͻ֮ӦãҲ
ܵȴɣ磬һһϵд󺺲ҽ׷ɳȥת۹򣬻˶ʮˡ

ʱһ˿
ڴæĺˣĽԶԶģ룬ЩëȻǣ顣
ԭֵĺûʲôˣȵ
˵է䣬һ󺺴ӺƮĸߣ𩷢˪üɫ󣬽ƮƮ㲻մأ˵Ʈɷ緶
֥еģ㣡
󺺳¡ıӣ˫ͭ壬Ӣ䣬ЦʥѩСǣԭӥչ߷ɵĵطЩĸ£ǻָԭٹ⣡
֥ģʦ㵱һôĵӣʥѩ壡
ҧһЦĵ֮ܣҽ
һӰ϶̤źˮƮĽߣֺӣҪѽɡ
ƮٿȻĽߡ
Ľ˺һһԲ
ֺӲɺһ漴һͦţЦӱʮ겻񽿣֮裬ֺĪ
񽿵㴦Ļǣ·ʥѩ壿
㶼֪ˣɫ΢䡣
񽿵һЦƣЩţû뵽в٣ϣ
Ȼ鴽һХʱʮŮƮ߳ת۹ס˹ȿڡ
һһ⣬ֳ㣬泤ָɽ棬һ㣬ָڣγһ̰ӡ
ֺɫֱ䣬֪ˣ
ûֻˡ񽿵
ֺЦããһʥѩ壬Ȼ鴫˶ϣ
䵭ϸ徫ɵ촽΢΢һ̣鲻м
ֺӳȵ񽿣Щֵֻǰңﲻһ棡
ʱڴ󺺽ڽڰˣѾ˽ˣۼŮǰ޴֮ͽɱ
ĬȻЦ
ģӸƴֺŭһ͵ĳ˹һµ񽿸ǰ
ͣǰʱȻһ̧ۣ㺮â

һ죬һ񽿲˷׺㽣⵴㺮âֱֱ̳
ֺضסĸһ٣æȵ
ֺӻͷƴ̽ԼĿڵĳ̧ͷ񽿣˫۵ɴ󣬾㵶У̧ұۡ
ͣâ
˽ߣޱȣû뵽мҲû뵽˺ݶ
˽ǰܶ
Ȼһ΢紵öƷε͵һۣתһֱǣɵԱߣأײϵһ
񽿻תͷӭĽЦ
û뵽ĽԼҧҧл
ĽЦЦŤЦ֮ͣɣҿ׶Щ˻˰ɡ
ʥѩӣסֱ֣Σ̧֡
Ůٿĺˣͣ£ңָڴ󺺡
񽿳ȿڣǹ
ȿŮԱһ֣óһ·ڴ󺺡
ڴ󺺴ʱ޶־һÿ·æܣɥ֮ȮǱ
ĽȻʮһһţӷ𣬹
񽿺һתߡ


230 ׼
ĽЦЦڴǲֻӴڣҡҡͷЩˣҲʵûʲôøУǻ
书ǿģѾʥѩĵɱˣʣЩˣ书ƽӹΪʥѩѹţǽüβˡ
ҹʥѩǿٸʮӣҲûˣɱˣƬɽȾ޵ŵҲ㹦һ
ڴƬܵһɶϵʬҲߡ
Ůһɢ󣬸Ż£ǰᣬ̱ڵأá
Ľ΢Ц֪Լµòķ

֥Ȼеʦ㣡ʦ㣡
񽿴϶зɳӰһ̤źǰü֥ôˣ
֥ڵϣﱧͥ࣬ʦ
ͥ˫۽գɫ԰ֽѾ²ʡüëţʹࡣ
ɫݣͷʵ
Ŀڣ֥æͥĿڵ֣ѪȾС֣ˡ
¹֮£ѪЩڣȴˡ
ʦ㣬Ⱦɣ֥Ĵߴ١
񽿶£ĿλѨ̽һͥҡҡͷǲˡ
侲в˸һ£׼°ɡ
֥æ󣺡ʦ㣬Ⱦɣ˵ܾȻģʦ㡪
񽿰˿ҡҡͷɫΪ
֥ޣʦ㡪
ͥƣĿнһԼģȻԼǰԼסˡ
ͥ࣬Ѿн
ͥ԰һĻĻ˵ЦĿӴȴҪᣬഺػȴҪˣ
൹ڵϣУͥ࣬񣬸γϣ޲ˣͷ̾Ϣ
ͥúöĻԵãﶼϲû뵽ССһսУҪ
ղž͸ðȫɱ⣡һӺ޺޵
˸Ÿͣԣɱ⣡
ס죡ȵĿһɨŮ

Ľһ˵ע⣬Ƿ׷еŭеɻ
һæ׺컯ҩ׹ǣʦ֣һ
ĽͷţҾһԡ
롪æ
ˣǰȥǿһ˿Цݡ
ĽЦͥȷʵأĿڣŮҲˣûҪҩһͺá
ͥ˺ãȴãҪþԼǡڳ򣬴ʱ޽ҲѾȡ
ԸһԪĻɢأǰΡ
׵ͥǰ̽̽ͷҪʩܾš
İɣæͷ
Ľʼʩչغյ蹦չϥݵϣߣ
ͥѹʩʱɫǽţһգգ˴
ʱǳ׷ģ˷ܲѣ̲ס뻶ȴ񽿵ֹס
ǽĿͶĽϣűׯϵŭֻимΨ˼
Ȼû컯ղʩչĲһʹĵʲô湦Ѳɣǿغ
غʢ¼һʩչ֮ʱֳɺΣۡ
һ׺ɵĵӣӳִϹϵߺźԶûʲôϸǡ
˼⣬ӻ֣ŮȻ뿪糱ˮȥתۼʧһɶֻ˪
˶Ľһһң䱸Է˾š

ԼаʱƣĽ˫۽â˸ʵʣŮһɫĿ⣬ʱһһ¡
Ľܿâָ糣΢Цʦˣ
ʦ壬Ѿˣûд󰭣˪
ĽһЦͺãûһ
лʦ֣ӯӯһɫ֣Ȼ
Ľ֣ضܼܲȣһͻϮ˷ɣ
ƨɣ΢ЦƾͼƣŴ򹷣˵Ǻƣŵֱʰɣϧɱţ
񽿵û飬նݳ޺󻼣
бԹĽЦԴȱΪк֮£ɱ̫࣬ңһأ˵һӲٸˣİա
ҡͷΪȻЩ֮ͽţҲ飬н֮£һʦиô
Ľҡͷ
Щȷʵ˵壬ֻܹΪˣǿ޷ı䣬޷ֻܾܽܡ
书ǿԽԽᵽ֮ڡ
Ľʦ֣Ҫ䣬Ҳ飬ҪСġ
ĽЦðҲ̫ȤˣǾͺúñһȣ˭ʤ˭
ٺò΢΢һЦ
Ľ΢΢һЦʦƲңȲʤȯ
񽿵΢ЦͷʦΪ
ĽЦЦʣʦÿʲôҩ滨
һҡҡͷ
ĽЦᣬԭڣ
ûʲôתϴ辭ˡ񽿵
תϴ辭Ľʣš
תϴ辭֮棬˾תϴ辭ˣܱʥѩ߾תϴ辭
Ľü⣺Ѳɣʥѩ书ǿǺαȥתϴ辭
ҡҡͷ˼ӿѸ׵硣

񽿵ͷȻתϴ辭޷ëϴ裬̥ǣ
ĽͷˣҲһ겻ˡ
תϴ辭Ҳ񽿲Զͬ٭ĵɡ
лˣգ񽿱ȭһ֣תƮƮȥ
Ľ˪ҲԺӣЪ¡
ڶ죬ɽ֣䳡ϣ۷׷ף˸߲ңɱ¾Ĵ̼񻺹һΣΨۣԵʵ
ͥˣ֥˲ĽˣĽҲ棬ʼչأ׼ı䡣
Ҳչأʼ׼䣬˵ȲʤȯСʻ괬Ծıսһʧ
˪糿ϣĽСԺУ˲ͷĽ׼˹š
·һľ׮ĽԺУʱһΨеʱŻᶯͷ˲衣
ʵ̫ţ߲ݣ칦Ѿȥ·˪Ļ䣬ǵóصĽҡͷѡ


231 
ĽЩϧټҲ޼£Ȼɣ
˪ͷڽǡ
Ľ̾˿ҡҡͷΪպеÿܣҪִҵģټһ壬ʱʱ£벻ɱҪȰһ䣬Ҳգ
˪ԳһЦ̾˿
ĽЦʧֻǿţ
˪һ˿û뵽һ¿͸Լ˼
ĽʧܱȽʧҪãһμø㸸װգøá
˪̾˿ʦ壬ɲġ
Ľҡͷ̾һۣᣬ⸱ӣ̫ˣ

˪̾лʦ塣
Ľڰ֣ҲҶ£ʵڲ
˪ЦһҡҡͷʱҲҲҴС߳󣬶ĿȾҲһǴʦİա
Ľͷһɫ߰ɣʱ䲻磬Ǹõȼˡ
˪ﾫһæǣ
˳СԺĽһϮ˪ɫװӣ򼱡
Ҹ֮ؼһۣϾܼ޷ƽ
Ľ߱ߵһֱӻСԺչأعңסתϴ辭ǡ
ʦ壿˪һòס
ĽЦЦҪʩչһطҵƣӻÿ񱩣㲻Ҫң㡣
ʦ壬Ҫɣ˪üʡ
ĽЦģû֮գһơ
š˪һ£ͷ
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䳡ʱʥѩѾΧ¶һյأ΢˫ۣϥһϡ
һţȻĽģмһ࣬һŸ߱ΣҲĿ
ΧŮǸӣ˷ܣ˽ɷ֣ҲûɨˣǽͷӶ
Ľ˪ٵĿˢˢͶĽɫ΢Цͷ
˪ȴһȻǿĽȦУ
Ȼ΢ЦտȻǰĴ֣ڣͥ࣬ʥѩǷһ
ĽЦЦǰˣ֮͡
ȻЦ֮ܲαԣǵ㵽ΪֹҪ
ǣĽȭͷƮƮߵʦ֣롪

Ľڰ֣ԺƬ̣ʩչһط򣬶ϷʦĶ֣
һüߵɣ
Ľ΢΢һЦϥ£˫ֽӡ΢˫ۣׯʥΧŮۣͣĿⱻ
ϣҵׯϣƴʥԽԽԣɢ·һ̫˲ֱӣһ㡣
Ǿ棬˪Ҳ֣֪λʦʲôؼ˾ˡ
üɫ΢䣺
תͷʣʲôǴ
޳˴˲ãɫ΢䣬ҡҡͷ
üʡ
ජĽƣû񽿵Ļι󣬲̾˿ʧľѧ˵ǲ׺ɽɽķ
ôû񽿵
ɫ࣬̾˿˷̫գһʩչȻȴֱӱ˷ӣǻˣ׺ɽٵĺ֣Ϊ߻ħ
Щô֪ɻ
ɫһһۣ֪Ķأ񽿣Ҫˣֱ䣡
ü鲻á
ҡͷСѾͷĪǿտȻΪ䲻㣬˫һǶֵģοûȤ
񽿺ߵȹֱ䣬
ײĲѽҪСģҡҡͷ޿κε̾һתͷĽ

Ľ޷ԶͷƤñһ·¶˹ͷŹ⣬ʱպȻһӰ·һƬƮ
Ů̧ͷȴûƣһźĿڷƣ·һʯѹϣѡ
ף˷Уֻź仯ȻóһӰ
ɫֳֽӣ۸ӣܣɫ
ط·Ϊһֻ¯˻̣ڸͬʱѹ͸
ģ˴£ĽͷĻΪһ̣Ľͷ˽ȥ
ĽٴһģȻĪ֮ӿæĺˣһ˳һ⡣
Ҳһ°Ľ
ĽۣһƬĮû˵ĸ飬񽿣ɨһΧ
ĿһԾһһ±͸뷨һ±ڡ
Ľ롪
ҧһֻһöɢܵĻ棬˲ҿȴһһУ
˵հν̡
Ľһ̵ؿڣһĳ
񽿼㲻æһý⣬̵գȴǡñܹĽơ
д󾪣Ľһƣ磬ǰУ㲻ͷǰһȻһַۣɳ
ĽƳĿڣʵ˫м䣬ƾʩչŲת總֮ңһֱĿڡ

ĽȻ˺һˣ
ˣɹ黹תϴ辭𣬴һľϻ
ĽתߣΪһĨ⣬˲ʧ
Ĵ̾Ϣ¶ãɫĿ⽥ն
񽿳һߵʮ⣬ѽγͷһƣһӡȻ
ǰ
ع񣺡û˰ɣ
ҡҡͷɫɻ󣬺ûӸղŵлع
˴㲻Ƕֵġ̾
񽿵ͷתãʤˣ
˪ͷ£Ϊһ죬ҵ˿ʮꡣ
΢΢һЦתϴ辭ԭڷԭҲرٴˣ
ǣ˪˫ֽӹľϻ΢΢Ŀⱻľϻεճס޷԰Ρ
ƣŪˡЦ
á˪ﻺľϻһƵľᣬģֻʮҳҳ֪ġ
Ȿתϴ辭ȻѣӣΨһѧûᡣ
˪ͷǣ˵˷޳ȴޱȼѣһ޳ɣףɱһƽ
ţͷЦҲҲ̫Ȿתϴ辭
˪Сպãľϻȣ
ڰ֣Ȼ΢Ц˵ʵǲ׺ڣҲ˵
˪ͷ飬䲻׺ɵλүйϵ
׺ɱϾߴ֮һʥѩǿҲ׵

ҡͷ̾һտȻϧˡ
˪һæʣǰô£
㲻֪࿴˿
˪æʣ֪ʲô
ͷĲ֪տȻղõǴ˲׺ɽɽ֮ѧ
ԭǴ˪ͷ
˾󣬿ɹһ֮ʩ󣬱˻ᷢ
ʲô˪Ȼθߡ
̾ϧˣҲһţƫƫΪⳡԣʹô
˪ɫ䣬Ѫɫʣתߡ
һסҪ
˪ȥʦ壡
ȥ೶סҡͷ񣬲֪ѣᱻɱˣ
˪Ҫһ£
ఴס͸壬ֱӷѨ̾ɵȥѾˣȵȰɣ
ǰ˪üɫ
˵࣬ͦȥ
˪ﰧ󣺡ǰſң
ҡͷȥһȣ𼱣
˵գֱӷ˪Ѩ˵ת̾ڵӲ뿪úôţ
Ů׷״Ӧʱǲѹʦ㾹ȻտȻϣ
Ī⣬ܵеĴʦ㣬ȻױտȻˣ
ǶԣʵԽܡ
֮ˣһ˿ʦȣ˭ҲʤʦģտȻǲɡ
û뵽һα䣬տȻȡʤףһжʹǸط֮ʣ
Ļ֪Ľ˴·һһ뵽ǰӴѹףǹ̫ǿ̼񣬴Ӷ߶
Ҳ̾ϢϾҲʦһ
üûа취ô
룬ҡҡͷзӣ׺ɽҲôˣ
տȻʦ컯񽿵
ҡͷûãǲ壬ãң컯Ҳû˵Լõġ
ֻ񽿺Ȼغߵ

ȻƲĽĽΪҵı䣬Լּ֮ǰͥ࣬ĽӡΪĹۣɲ
ҡͷЦܲ׺ɽоʲôӣԾɣҿտȻСһǸϲô벻
ȻһЦ˵ѽǶƭˣ֮أ
ģæʡ
صͷ̾ԽԽԣСһ˵Сѽ
һĿ˪ѨʣտȻйʲôԸ
˪ͷʦֻ˿
Ȼˣһİƣ̾Ծ֮׺ɣø׺ɣ
룬ǲ׺ܿ˷ĺ֢ǲ׺ɵʵһأ˴տȻȻȲϹ˼ȴҲ֣˾֡
񽿵ǿȥɣ
ҡͷȵȵȣܴţȥɣ
񽿵ȥԺ⣬Ī˴ţ
ȥɡ룬ڰ֡
˪Ｑȥ࿴ŮıӰ˼
ʱ֣Ľ붨ֻ棬龹ȻһţĿš
Ŀţǰһã˼ά죬תҲ˼֣ʵһ㡣


232 ۾
Ҳ˴
Լ񲻹ǿ󣬼Ԧ˴ԼͻƵ飬һԼѲ
µǣԼӰ죬ʣȴʵӰţ侲·һнǸƣ֣·ԼһĤҲ
оʩչˣʩչһΣԼ᳹׳Ϊһ֮ˣ̫飬´£ǿɱˡ
ǰ죬һֱչأ书ͣУսʤ񽿣ֱӻչء
ִ֪ʶ𷨽ϣ˵˽⼫֪һ飬Ǳʶ֧䡣
ͨͣظյͷǱʶУڳ벻ɣްգû뵽ɹˡ
ãʥѩ壬кøУĵزȾһΪǻһ

һա
һ촦ۣȴܿΧ۾·֮ϣӹʮ֮ڣɲ֮ĩоΪ
ԼԺ⣬˪񽿶ϥϣὣϥϣܿüǡ
գ˼һ
ŮʱһԾ˪æƿԺţֱ˽ӣĽǰ鼤
񽿽Ǻ
ĽȻֹۣ֣۾ָо档
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ĽۣΪḩµĸо΢΢һЦ˶ˣ
ˣȴ۾㲻Ҫɣ
ĽЦЦʦãʤ֮䣬ίˡ
һۣûûмǱ˾Ͱˣûʲôˣ
áĽЦ
кȻ񽿵˱䣬ȴôƴ治֪˵ɵǴѲɣɵϲ˪

ĽһȻͨ͸ˣô
ǰʱ߱ͨ£ֻģоھ˼ȴ޷塣
񣬾ڶ˵ޱȣȻ£дͨȷʵЩȤˡ
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뵽ˣһȻʧرͨ
漴ϲû뵽ܿƣǰʱɲɣʹоǿҵĸоڣʹһ㣬ʹȴɲ㡣
ܿ磬ͨܿƣˡ
ɨһ񽿣䵭粻մ˼̻ӣȴˣȤ
ʦ壬˪Ĩһᣬ
ĽЦûʲôˣõתϴ辭ˣ
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ĽüëһЦҵķһˣɲܿ
ڷԸģܵõóʸ㿴˪
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˵Ż˻ƾͣĲãϢȻǾƾ¡
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ĽҲм㽣ڷķһֱܵиУ˽ղ񹦵ĹϵķѾڹ
ᣬѸٷһ飬ʮҳܿ쿴ֱ֮꣬ӡԺһҳһҳطţǽסݡ
ݻͷЦȻ鷳ɾתʦãڼתˣ
ת΢Ц
Ľ̾
תϴ辭ȷʵǣȷʵѣǽѪѪеĹϣԡ

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ƫƫˣĽһۣԸ̾Ȼ֮ʿ治СӢۡ
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ĽͨĻԼҲĪô˵ңҲţΪԼѣˣ粻˵

Ľ¿ЦԭˣҲ¶ɣνˣԵĪڴˣǿ󲻵á
ԼҲҪһ벻˵һһ죬ԼҲĪѧء
˪̾ϧķɣҲǧѣ
ĽЦЦܱûǿмϣڣ˷ΪţԽǿԽԽ޳ɣǲǣ
üƬ̣ͷţеǵõ߰ʱҷ䷭ƪķҲû⣬ģ֪ˡ
ҡͷ﷢֮󣬱ʦȴûһɡ
ѽ˪ͷ
֪Ϣܱ󣬲ɸмһĽÿǷ࣬ʵ޷
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˵һЩлŮȣһû֮񣬴Ǿ棬ʵ˴
ĽЦõʱ̣ܶϽԻָ˰ɡ
񽿴ۣΪһЩǲǣ
ĽЦЦţЩ
ЦøˣգȥҲð֮ġ
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޲߲˫һ·ɻңϾתϴ辭Ӵ֮֮
ĽȥŴУʰһ£ǽߣ
ǣ˪ش
ɨһۣǰ·϶ڹһŰϣȻ΢Ц

ض˵ָָգ´ĽһۣͷЦøտȻȻ
ĽʮһǸȻǰʤ֮䣬Ϊ˲֮Ψг²ˣ
ڰ裬Цӯӯ͸伫ûȫˣ
´һĽЦʣõĿǴ
Ľͷϡ
̾ϵ׺ɽˣ
ĽҡͷЦĴòȫãһҲðһԡ
⻰Ϊ˻һǿƣģ˽ģҲ֪ɱ
ԼĴܿƣίʵˣʥѩܵУһߣʥѩɴڡ
ΣвԼĶǶйļɵɱ⣬ֻе¶еסˡ
ڣͨɱ⣬һ̾
ĽȻףλ׺ɽйϸ𣬶ңѰĹϸ𣬿漰Ů֮顣
û뵽ɴ˹ҡҡͷ
ĽЦ书иĻԵ书书ˣʦõľתϴ辭
һЦͷ
ɾתϴ辭Ҳϲ֮ͣʥѩ壬Ծתϴ辭֮£޿ɡ
д˾ҲûʲôɣͳϹˣʥѩǣ
ģûʲôˡЦ
ĽͷǣѾ£ǰеģ
һüôҪߣգúˣһӣǱ䣬ԸͥѾͷ˿Ҫˣ
Ľһ£ҡͷˣ´գҵǵȵüˣٵ顣
ţǼӣһ£ͷǺðɣҲնҪͣ

ĽЦҶ˾תϴ辭ǰҾͺã
࿩һЦܴù񽿣ˣҹңҲлѣһҪ﷭һ͵Ϯˣ۲ٵӣ
ĽǺһЦǰĹŴƯ
ϧǱȥѾͷӦĻҪңֱ׸ɾˣʡ鷳ЦƳһ񽿡
񽿵飬ͷ
к֮£޷֡Ľҡͷ
ЦǳˣȱһЩҲӦãգ񽿸һһң
Ľһҡͷͷˣ
ɣһ·Ĳ̫ƽ书ǿﲻɣϾŮбչ˲ҡͷ
Ľ룬ͷһƬ⡣
ȷʵȻһ𣬵ϾŮб𣬲ʱ̴һһֿʱ͵Ϯ˪书ӦͨпɣϾֻ֣־ܣ޷֮
¶Цݣû뵽Ľô׾ʹӦҲǶʥѩΡ
񽿻ͣһǱӣߣҲĵģ۱֪֪СһЩȫһЩûд
ǺãǺʱʡ
Ľھա
ôü
ĽЩȥǺõģշն߶ţ
һ£ͷðɣ񽿣һ·֮ϣҪտȻģĪţ
ǣ񽿿һĽͷ
üѾͷ׼Υ书ǿ飬ܣտȻʮǧ׼
ǡ֣صͷ
ȴɣȥٻأڰ֡


233 춾
ĽŮʥѩ壬ȥң·;ңԶһµĹ·
ʥѩ壬ĽĬԣһԲмĲɣȻûʲôһֱŮŮȴ⣬һľͷˣ߯Ȥˡ
˪ﾴĽĽ˵ҲԹԣֻĬĬţңҲþ˰첻˵һ仰Ҳ㺱¡
ȴɣű䣬ȴܲĬһֱ˪˵ŻʱĽһ䣬˵

ĽŰǷܣŭ˺Բˣһֱ˪˽
칦ŮѾã޻̸ˣĽ֣ʵڲŮˡ
ˣһֱھתϴ辭С
Ȼתϴ辭޷žȴģһ޳ɴ˾Լ֮С
˵µһȴٰ۸ˣ򲻹ǿԵģṦ죬Ҳ졣
ңãԼĽղһֱûнչԣӦðᣬᶯѾˡ
ǣд˷ϣǽղ񹦶ܸһ¥񣬽ղ񹦽Ҳӿ죬Ǿ֮
ϧתϴ辭ȷʵѣżķĿգʵڲԼﵽ
һ̣ЩգԼ򲻹һнԿ֮˹ˮɡ
¼ŵڶ࣬ڵģ书ģһнԿգƤһ书ڣǾġ
ԼҲһҪڣɽͻƱݣͬʱ̤ӡ
һֱģתϴ辭ջ̫󣬿վˣζ
ΪɮľףҲ޷Ȼһ˿ᣬҪȡµһ˵Ŀ֧
һ·֮ϣڤ˼룬ȻһãȴĽ˼תϴ辭ϣĲɡ
һ峿Ľ붨ΧȴһջʲôʱסԼסģûӡ󣬺֮ˡ

ҡͷʧЦӾתϴ辭аγ⼸չԼ߻ħһ㣬תϴ辭У԰Ρ
ȴûУûһչҪתϴ辭ܣʵ֣˾ĸɮʲôġ
罣һ¶Ͽȥתϴ辭ʱһᣬ·ѳ֮С
ʱŲ漴
ĽۣʱΣˣеһתջνչǰ
աĽ
űƿŮǽ⼸죬˸ԽõһˣӰ룬Ľ档
˪һϮһʻţݹӣĽĿѣ֮С
Դӵ˾תϴ辭˪ʴ䣬˿࣬ɢһɶָŮĻá
ĽЦȥԷ
˪ҡͷʦ壬Ѿˣһ˽ȥˣ˶ӣ㡣
ĽЦЦ⼸ûʲô쳣ɡ
Ů״֪ħǻϲ˪Цʦģû쳣ûעǡ
ĽͷЦͺãߵüʱ
ÿʥѩ䣬Ⲣ֮£û֪ھתϴ辭Ҳû졣
죡Ʋһ죬ʥѩ岻йصģ˭֪
ĽЦҡͷҪСˣ·棬˼صĴڣɲʥѩ壡
ߣʥѩ嶼ɵôһü
ĽЦʥѩĵӣԴ棬ǿɰϾӣն᲻
ƲߣԭϵҲúܣʱȥǵģ
ǲͬĽҡҡͷ
˪Цʦ壬һֱĽУ̫ˣ񽿣Σ
УæһۣĪ⣡

ĽЦЦǾͽʦðɣһ·ˣʥѩˣǶ츣أ
񽿶ʱ¶Цݣͷ
ĽһЦʱȻţһСһľϻӣ緹á
˵գľϻʱ磬湲㣬һ̲ˣزˣ̻ˣһͷ
ĽЦŵͷлС
СˣĽЦ˰ɣǳԷ
ֽӹ˪ϵĿӣȻһɫ΢䣬һĿӣ
ҪЮһӳԣȻĽУʱһ类ֱֵ
ô̧ͷ
Ľҡͷⷹ˲ףǱˣ
Ǳ˶ü˿ӣͷϰһֻ嵽ɫȴû仯
̧ͷĽʦ֣̫Сˣ
ĽҡҡͷǲΪ
񽿲ΪȻЦЦжû仯
Ľüż̲˿˼ۣһԡ
ðɣ񽿿˿ȴͷһһˣһˣûʲô仯
Цɣȷʵ̫Сˣһ걻ҧʮ¾ǲǱ¹
ĽҵĶҩʤܲСģ
ѽҵĶȷʵģ˪ǻ
ô֪ҡҡͷΪȻڷ˰գʼ԰գ
Ľҡͷһͷ
Щͷߵѽǡðɺðɣ

޿κεһȻγٵĽǰЦưɣʲôף
ɫһ䣬˫ɴֱʱһرڣںںڣ类չ
⡭⡭¶ŵĽ
Ľͷ١
һڵĽæ
תͷĽʦãȴ
С¶ļһס񽿵Щҧгݵζʵû뵽¶
һΣտȻ֣˴󵱣Լķٶ֣տȻ˶Լûã
Ľҡͷȥˣŵģɡ
ǽƾͼƣ񽿳һµ
ĽͷѸٵĵ̬ƽŭȷʵס
˪ҡͷûõģӦǹµĶµĶǧٹ֣סǣ
Ľˣ߰ɡ
ָָľϻʦֻ֣ͷжЩ˻ǳ˰գ·϶
ĽǺЦ˪
˪üһ£ʦ壬ѵеĲ˶ж
Ľĵͷ
òһָȻһͷûб仯ٴһ²ˣʱڡ
˼Σֻͷֻ̲ˣû仯̣ͬڣȻһ֣ûжһɾ綾ʩ֮δ
һң񽿺޺޺ߵ
߰ɡĽ
Ů󣬳˿ջʱ֮Уջ˵ߺһƬ
ջеǶʼҪ·ý˶࣬ǲ㣬һǣΪĽȴǵʲôˡ

˿ջŴߣĽ̾ʦãѾǣӲ̫ƽˣСһ
ʦ壬ô죿˪ʡ
Ľ룬ҡҡͷֻܱˮˣҪ·Ǻ֡
ңôĵӣ񽿺ߵ
Ľҡͷ䲻ʥѩ壬ʵҲС±ȥ󣬸˵һҪСǡ
ܷʲôˣ񽿵һЦ԰ʥѩ岻¶ʲôֶΣʹˣ
ĽЦЦٶ˵
żദ񽿽¶Ŀ䵭մ˼̻ɹãһͨŮˣСƢ
ŲŻƶУʱ̫ϸߣģѾɷ֡
ȺУ㣬磬鶯
Ľ۾˪һֱעȻۣǾ棬ҪʣǰһȻˡ
æתͷĽ⣬һķһӣһֳԡ
Ӹ߸߷˳ȥײǽϣһѪĻȥڵһ
ǶʱУԱӣĽŮżӿٶȣһ˳⡣
ղǸǹҵˣüʡ
Ľͷֵһֱףηֲжģ
ĽЦЦֱ
ֱ񽿽Žɣ
Ľ²ͣ˳⣬ٹ˼ɾףʼʩչṦƮƮٶ졣
˪ṦԸƮƮˣǵ·ϵǷ׷עĿ
ĽЦҴ־ˣΣһֱǰܹоõ֮ѽ͡
ѵΪ𷨣룬ʡ
Ľͷţʮ򣬲ܰްգ
ԭˣȻŸɮв˼޳һЩͨտȻˡ

£ŴӿֳɮЩɮУ֮ͨףȴŮԽ羴
ĽͨϰЩͽ⺺˵ͨȴǷ֮ʾΪǳ
Ľ֮Աǣȴ޷ı䣬ϾҲ޵Ϊһ磬ذͨ
ŹٵУٽУֻҰЪϢϣһƬ֣һסһСͤ
Ƕ֮ˣϴϢɣĽָֻĲɵ״ֿ̬ʼתϴ辭
ʵڲģһлᣬͿʼ˾׿Ϊµһ֣һ֮˶ԣҲԿܵջ
񣬶ԣһµ书ϳ书һĴͣܡ
Ů״ԷһǰۣȴҲΣԵĲɣȴ·ײ
Ľһֱ룬δﵽ֮ﵽ֮Ȿìܵģν
أһнķӣ򣬵Ҳᴴתϴ辭
ϧԼһֱûҵ˼ά磬Ȫӿȴһֱ޷׽֮˼
տ˼һͷҪתϴ辭ȵȥ֮Զת书ˣ
ȫƭˣʱ⵹û˵תϴ辭Ҫȥԭͷܡ
šĽȻͣסնȻһȻĿʵʵĿһӣΧһо۵ס
ʱλһƬּĹٵԽĸգġ
⴦ٵΪƫƧΧûʲôˣֻ
Ůͷ˵ЦȻо죬תͷĽæʦ֣ôˣ
Ľüǰ


234 Χ
ɨһΧܶˣ
ĽЦˣͷӦò٣ʦãǻ·߰ɣǣ
Ů˵Ȼûȴˣ񽿣ĽߣȴĽĻĪֱɲš
ʦ֣ɲѽЦӯӯĵ˷ܡ
һ·ϣΪǵֽһ·գԼҪǧܻǻҡ
ʵû뵽һ·ƽƽΨһ¶Ľֱӽˣ̫ףһûѶȡ

Ľҡͷк֮£ʵɱ
ƲƲ죬ЦǺѽҲҲнħôǾħ
ĽҡͷЦħҲǱƲѣƹȥƹȥɣ
ǣʦ塣˪ɵĵͷ񽿻˵Ľ˪¶ɫʱ죬һۣȥ
Ľ룬һָ
߰ɣ񽿵תͷǣǲ㣬վҪģߣ
ĽЦһ£֪һݽ֮ģĴһֱɱЩˡ
Ϊ볣ˣ֪һݱ֮ģԿ࣬У˭Ҳܡ
˷϶УһȦߣ;ĽƾŸо֪ܹˡ
Щˣǹҵģһ۵ȻСССĹң˻ʵ
˼ӿٶȣĽĲɵתϴ辭רעڸ·İʱ֣һǰʱĽٴͣסɫ
ôǲǰͣߣͷЦЦʡ
˪ʦ壬ôô죿
ĽƬ̣ߣȥ
ѽŶæ˫˷ܵķŹ⣬һԾԾ顣
ǰһȣգ߸ߣмһСһ죬֣ʯͷ׺䶥ѵֵ

Ľվڹȿڣѣգ
ٳɢ𣬵ֹ쳹ÿһĶߡ
ûжɽľһûС
Ů˿û˵ҲûĽŪˣĪġ
ĽһЦλǾ͸·ˣ
˵գתߣŮϣҪ뿪ȿڡ
վסȻһϺ漴ŲһƬת۹򣬴ɽˣһ°ΧڵС
Ľüһƣûһʶģ꺺ӣмߣΪף˫۾â˸
Ǹֳֵ˫ɱʮ㡣
ĽλزʶóȻסкιɣĪϴˣ
ҵˣһ˻ʡ
Ŀ񳣬ƮƮмֿʣ˻ƣ
Ľͷ֮ˣʲô£
ȻҵˣǾͶ߹Ц˫˷ܵĹâЦתϴ辭ϰգ
Ľɫһ䣬ʲôתϴ辭
ٺ٣ǣҵľתϴ辭ǵѧëϴ裬˭˲֪
ĽǿŪˣתϴ辭ʥѩѧ
ٺ٣ҵˣӮʥѩ壬յõ˾תϴ辭֪ʲôЦбĽ翴һˣСӣתϴ辭ǿһ
ԣ㣬С椾͹Աһ󺺴ЦĿĶŮơ
һ㺮˪ʥѩһ֮£֮ϣ磬ܹȷ裿
Ľڣѳ֣󺺵˺ã˵
Ľɫһ䣬һ
顱һ죬类ľУֱӷ˳ȥײɽϣһѪ൹ȥ²ʡ

Ľú˵ǲ˵Ϊ
˶ʱ׹ʢĽ̤ǰһ˻һƼˣʹ˪ﲻͬѰҲ̲סˡ
Ľ΢΢һЦʲôˣǹҵģ
ߺٺһЦڰ֣ʲôƨңǿɲǹҵˣСӣֲֲܶؾתϴ辭
ĽҲɱˣλÿ·ɣĪҪ˺
ٺ١һ˺ЦȻЦǾͽתϴ辭
Ľһ̯֣תϴ辭ϣ뽻ҲΪ
ǾСඣһָŮٺһЦĿЩŹζ
˸źٺһЦĿȣŮɫǶŮƽʱǺһ
ĽüˮɱˣˣĽ䣬üƽϣ˶Ůȴˡ
ˣĽмһߣٿһӣһȻֻӿ˲ӿĺ
ǶᣬվסȥѾɢĽԶΧѾƿ
龪죬Ľƣû뵽Ľͣȴ
Ľǿô
ߣԣ
Ľбߣüٷϻְգ
ãһߵɴ۾˫磬ͬʱǰ̣Ľؿڣѡ
Ľһӿ͵Ĺĵĺˣ۾ֻ賤նӿ
Ľһʳָһ㣬׺ָָк
һ죬߸𣬷תŲ嵽˺ʯϣ࣬ȴһ¡
ͷ֮ˣ书ǿԲܵ죬ȴһеֲ񲻾
ԼҲһ³Ҳǵסһеģ

룬ʱ⡣
˺ֿտգɫһһָ࣬糣˻ŹһЦù򣡹Ȼù򣡡
תͷһڴ󺺣˻ֻˣһٶʮˣǿһа٣ܶ˾תϴ辭֣ԽϹ˼ָտɴ
⻰˶ʱһһ꺺̧еϵĻ⣬λֵܣɱСӣ˾תϴ辭С˶ɱɣ
ɱ˺е˵˫ջѪڣ޷ƣֽ
Ľҡͷ̾˿ǰһŮ󣬵Сİ
˵գһӿٴιһͣ˿֮Уǰ֮Ϊ֮һ
ѽ˸еµȣǰ壬۾С
ĽһЦʳָһ㣬͡һХһָ
顱ʱ˳ȥָУ񱻾ľУֱֱɳȥײʯڣֱӻ˹ȥ
ĽתͷһƣЩ˸۾ܲĳѾ˽ǰʹ纣ӿҲ޷סǡ
Ľ̾һ֪Ǹоǿ书ţ˭̰
Ͼһ书ţһѸı˵Կף˴ţܴӴһֲͬХ£֮ϡ
ûⱾţֻӹӹµµƽˣֻܿ˵ɫֻܿѹֶĻš
ҪıҪⱾš
Ȼǵ뷨Ľȴͬ飬ᣬ֮˸һ㣬֮ġ
漴һòԼ˴Ӱ죬æ˼ų嵽ǰڴ󺺡
ɱͷĴ󺺻ӵ£˫ͨ죬ɱ졣
Ľһָ͡һХ׺ָָ籡ֱײ˴󺺣ɡ
ʱ뽣һ̹
ĽȴܣǴԼȴȻղ񹦻壬ˡ
ڴȴ˲࣬һǴϲƴĻӵʹĽǧУŰݡ

Ľʱ񣬾Ө󣬼Өת˻ǲѪˣǰɵļˡ
УϢǶ죬ҲƤ죬̵УԾıжȥ
ĽӲǵһһĲӬһ㣬ֱķɣ˹ȥ֪
һĽܿʮˣƲա
ģ⣬Ľ룬ôãƤҲûŪƣãйˡ
Ľ˫ӣþٶ죬顭಻УһӰ׷ɣײʯڣѵһת۹Ѿʮߡ
ˣǹѽȺ˴һתܣһ漴תܣת۹򲻼Ӱӡ


235 ҩ
Ľֹɢɱߣû׷ϣҡҡͷ
ĵʦ֣Ϊβ׷ȥ
ղúܣҪ֣뵽ĶؼҪãܳԼһʱ֮졣
ԣֻܴ˪ߣĽչ
Щ˲ãĽº޻֮Ҳûˣöˡ
ˣ˾㣬ֵɱˡĽҡҡͷɨһʯµˣԣġ
ˣʡ
ĽҡͷƲᣬǱ붯ˣˣǽ·ɣ̫ƽһӡ

ʩչṦȣȻ̫ƽ¡
֮УһޱҷͷĽʦ֣ǹҵĹǲǣ
˪ߵǣ˭
Ľһ£ҡҡͷ½ۣΪʱ磬˵ǹҵĳˣ߱ʲôˣ֮գɽ
Цʦδҿţǹ
ĽЦЦö˭ǿûӹˣ
еģ²
ĽҡͷЦ˪΢Цʦڣûʲôµģ
Ʋһ죬бһۣߵղʩչʲôһźѽ
Ľղ񹦡
ӴŹѽȻ´һۣ˵Ѿʧ
ĽЦһԵɺϣô˷Щɾ͡
ܵǹѽ֣һ;ͣסˣһۣƳϽһ
ĽЦЦٶ֣ҪƣպŴɣ
Ц⹦Ǻã̫ѣ
˪Ц
ĽǺһЦû취⹦뾫͵ð򣬱;ɾתϴ辭
Ц˼ǱⰤ⹦Ҫǻʲôѽ
ĽЦҡͷΪ˱ȫʲô

˵˵ЦЦУǰٵˣʱţһת۹򣬵˰ʱ֣ǡһСУͨ书
ʱ̲ʢ΢ĵط㽨緱ǣվ༸֡
Ľ룬ûסȥ뿪Զһ˸ⶥСľݣԹŮЪϢ
Լľ
Ůѩˣ֪ǲĺУҲû˵ʲôֻ˽С˵
¹ˮΧʾס
ĽڼⶥСľһʯͷϣĲתϴ辭
̲ģղ񹦣ųɣҲųɣһһɣѾ㹻ġ
Ȼһһ£Ѹ׽ס˼
Դ߶תϴ辭Σ
Ȼ¶Цݣ˷ԽԽתԲڣȫƾ֧䣬ʱȥ֡
ڷҶԣһнԿգҷ㲻𣬲
Ҫģǲͣӡ뷨ӡǱʶС
Ҫˣһ뵽һתվͼУ
ˣʶڣ൱ңܴһܳӣ
۾һֱĺ˷ܣԾԾԣǡʱ䶯һ£ֱ۾֮۸ʮ֮ڣȴû
ܸоһɵɱϢ֮ȴڲͣĿɱ⼫
ͨǿӦ񣬴˸ԶȴܸӦɱ⣬ĽһͨԼĸ
۾˫ֽӡװûв
͡һХĽһǰоˮ淺ƣһ֧СڿС

ĽҡҡͷСƮƮ䵽ϣϸۣϵô˼ⷺâȻԼء
ͣһХâһѵؿڡ
ĽҡͷЦЦһһۣСһͣתһ£ƮƮء
Ľɣûõġ
ۼֻ֮ϲ׺ɽʱټüĻ䡣
ת֮䣬һѾȥˣĸǿɺãǻðɡ
ãһţһŶ֣߳һ̹꣬еȣòƽ˫۾䣬˽ţݶг籪
ΪΰңĽ΢΢һЦ
֮ͣ⣬ҵ˰ɣ
Ľͷ
Ǿͺãתϴ辭֣
ĽǺЦҡͷʵں棬Ϊоתϴ辭˭ģţ½赶ɱˣ
ٷϻ
Ľһüëҡͷְɡ
ƲԳԷƣЦһһһСѾ̹ϣһɣС˲䵽ĽǰȻŷ͡һХ
ĽһһƣΪһײСһ죬
°ȣû뵽ַ֮ʤԼһһɽһɽߣ
ŮһֱſСݵĴ⿴ʱߵ󣬵Ǽ䡣
ʦ֣˭ѽбһۣһո˵󣬻ɵ󣿡
ɫЦһٽһ
һСͬʱ϶ֻ̹Ϊ⣬գ䵽˸ǰĽһ񽿡
һһСΪĩƮɣһΣȻһƬꡣ
Ӷ̹񳤽

Ľ°Ȼ񽿵ĽƮݶӯдɱ໨Ÿ룬ʤ
Ҳӹ֣ȷʵո˵󣬶̹Ӷصܣˮһʱܵס񽿵Ľ
ĽЦʦã
ߣãһһԽͣѩƮ䣬ӯš
ʱɱˣ赸һһͶ㣬Īˣԡ
˪̾ϢһĽ
ĽЦЦһ죬ؿн㵵ĵ񽿡
񽿰νܿѪתߣĽߣߵԲ
񽿣˫ּ㣬ֱϥϣӻͳһƿҩͳһƿһĩ˿ڡ
Ľ˫ĩһȥѪֹסˣЧˣɾȣû뵽ϻҩ
һسǰֶСƿЦʲôҩ
ʱɫ԰ֽһѪѾһأҩȥȻû֮Σ
ʱ򣬳Ѫָ˵ֹסѪǵʣͦȥ


236 
̧ͷ俴һۣѩ֥Ѫɢ
öĽ̾һ׸˪Ȩѹˣ
ЦЦ֣ɻУ
ЦеģȴζȻûУ㲻κһӻͳһֻƿ
ƿǰһģһ׸Ľֻһƿˣ
Ľӹˣüͷһ壬񽿵ǰֵҿѩ֥Ѫɢûأ
ĽְĴƿ΢Цǹҵˣ
ЦһŤͷᡣ

ĽüͷȻǹң
ʦ֣øѽһֱ֣Өɣ覡
ĽۣûעƯ
Щ죬С֣һۣʲôѽ
Ľҡͷʦãɲѩ֥Ѫɢ
ʲôʡ
Ľһۺ꣬΢Ц⵹Ҫˣ
˵գȻһףСƿڿըһ죬ƣѸγһţһơ
紵ŰƮһȻɢУʧɢһɽζ·ȼ֬ζ
ɢȥģ䣬ݻƣڣ类񱻻չ
˪զ࣬Ķ
ĽҡͷңǲС
ɫһ䣬һ꣬Ҫʧ죬쳣
Ľҡͷһ˦һ׹⻮壬һУϢ
걻׹ⶴһͣתָĽ¶ĪЦݣ㡭㡭Ӳ
Ҫ˵ѪȴӿסĺֻĽУȴ˵顱ĵĵȥ
Ůһתͷ

ʦ壬ǹҵģ˪üʵ
ĽͷţҵĵҲ֣Щϧ
Ƿʤҡҡͷɫ΢䡣
⣬Լ㲻һа㣬˭뵽ⲻܣóҩˣΪ档
ûտȻԼҪһƿǱ˵綾ʹԼ书ķٶ֣Ҳֲ˺á
룬Լ۾ܲö̫˵ϵģ޷ԣһǳ⡣
ͷܿתԹҺȻɵʼʱƲ𣬱ΪֻƾҩʥѩӸ壬Ի벻⣬Ӹ¡
С˹ңһĴ⣬ܰʥѩ壬֮գɽտȻʦ仰ݣ
˼ӿ֮նʶһ㣬ɫȴûʲô仯ǵģƳһ۵ڵϵ꣬ʣʦ֣ˣ
ĽͷЦЦ
ʦֲǴȱΪ𣿡΢Ц
˪ҲΪ⣬˵һҲɱֵģϾôһôҲûɱˡ
Ľ΢΢һЦ߹ȥϣһᣬٷƣһɵģ䣬ʱɵѾ
ĵЦЩûɱ֣ΪأûʲôΣգҾǰǵҲƲҵĽղȴͬһߣʤ˲ңһ֣ȴǲߣ˹ص˼ܲź
Цʦ֣һΪΪǹҵˣԲɱأԭѽ
Ľ΢ЦҡǺǣһңҪݷһ£вٵ鵤ҩ
һֱ֣˵ҵķ㶥⣬Ϊֹܳ˾֣ԼҲС
ҵķ׺ɣӦòԶ˵Լʱ̣ҲڱȲơ
ȻƱطķ鵤ҩ򣬶ϲ˳ɾͣ
ԿϧԼĿһЩ̽ù֮ˡ

Ľֱ£һֱ˳˳ǰֱӶȥ·С
ǣЩ·þ;ƹȡ
λڷһĽǱ뾭ֱͦͦĸɽмһȣ·ޱ·ǡ
ԭӷǣΨһŻ;
ʱ֣Ϧ£ϱƹȹ߲㣬ⱻֱɽڵסЩ
Ľͣڹȿڴ
ô·ҡͷߵĵΣ鷳
˪ûˡ
תͷĽʦ֣ȥߣǴ洩ȥ
ʹ洩ȥȻɽֱֱ£ƣƾṦǿȥ
Ȼعôֱ࣬Ӵɽﴩȥˣǣľ飬ĵΣЩһǾŹҪ·ġ
Ľ˼ȣһԲ
Ů״Щ죬һۣ˪ʣʦ壬ôˣǲ
Ľͷţ
ǴȥǴߣƹȥ˪ʡ
ĽЦһҡͷ̾ƲȥˣһΣ˴鷳
и֣˪ʡ
񽿶ʱ˫۷Ź⣬æʲô֣ʲô֣û书ߣ
Ľͷѷң
ãôԶϸˣ˷ܵĵԾԾԡ
Ľ̾˿ʦãų֣ŷӦ
񽿶ʱйһţ֪ˣ
ʵڲţ֪˪书䲻ԼԶû

ĽվڰУңɽȣƽͣԺ˼ܲùվתϴ辭
ԽԽÿУһ׮վԼûȫ͸ϣ᲻ͻ᲻߻ħܲǡ
һֱûŮҲվ紵̫ȫɽؼӿĺɫ
ĽѹһЦתϴ辭ڴˣɣ
һ䣬ɽﴫЦããСܳסҲ
ӰȽȽƮת۵˽ǰȴߡ
ͷſߣͣұ綬ϣмĲ߲ˮͰòЩ죬ӣС̶ͣۡ
ЦеĵСһ˵תϴ辭
Ľͷûλǰմ
Ȼò죬ԼǶ֣񽿣ҲҪѷһ
ˣֹһ£ȻǾںϻ֮һǿ£а̾Ҫƴˣ
С߰ڰֲ֣˵ˣ˳ƴҲСӣѰϧϧֻɱ㣬СŮʼãͰΪʦɣ
ĽһЦΪʦ
ûдˣʹŮްɣ㣬һҲ̣ʳͶ̥СߵͷȻ


237 ָ
ĽһЦҡͷ崨棬û˵֮ɣΪʦ
мһСӣªţȻȰ˵
磬ţȽתϴ辭Сߺߵ
Ľҡͷ΢Цλתϴ辭ͽܣ
ȻҪСߵɴСۣ˵ӣֵþתϴ辭һã񲻿գ
Ľ̾˿ҡҡͷЩͷۡ

ˣԼҲƫƫЩ壬ȱһңͨʣ˵ҲŹ֣޷⡣
ޱȵ߼ȴȻĽñŤĶ֣޷ȣѶԸ
ҡͷ̾˿ʹ书ǿҲݲʦԼˣֿԡ
Ľһҡͷмߵ磬ܣְɣȽСӣٸŮ˵
ûתϴ辭Сæ
ôܽȵðʰˣмߵ
ԣʰˣˣôһûϣڱ𴦣ǺãٻСæ
ð죡мæٺһЦˣԲԣ
ţ϶˵öԣ߷֣
ã֣ߵͷ
һسĽߣΧһȱΣ漴ѸתΪһӰӣΡ
ʱӡĽأ˷һ©ȫռеĿռ䡣
Ľ죬ȴ첻ƣܲ͸һԲ򣬰ԼѹڵУʱơ
ѣ类ɣɫѸٱףһƴĴ߶ղ񹦡
ʱʹٿҲӲӰΨһԱ֮Ψд߶ղ񹦣ص
Խп࣬أÿһ·һʯ׹䣬䱻ղһ裬

Ŀţתٶȸ죬ǳ˵ıھ
徭ղ񹦴ǿͷǳѰĸ֣ˣλ
һĶãһߴ߶ղ񹦣һߴһ˼֮
˪Ʋֻܰ򣬴ǳԾû뵽ͷһ·Χ׷½أԣĴˣûΣЩż
˪æӣô죿ô죿㣬æɣ
üųУҡͷͷܹ֣ȥҲ£̫ˣ
˪Ｑǿô죿ֻʦ尤򣿡
ҡҡͷ𼱣нղ񹦻壬ûôˣȵȿƶˣзӵģ
˪һһ죬Щ˼
ңĽнղ񹦻壬ղһʱ鼱̫º󶨻ᱻȡЦ
רעųУһǽĽ뿴ûˡ
Ľ˫һʩչӰʱһͣƺ֮֮һӰʧ
һɫ˼֣ղң֣ʵס
˵һˣƣ˲ͬ벦ǣȼԦӼѣķ
һ£֮һѾ
ӰΧһҴӰֻһƬɫٴ
ٿһָ͡һХָ籡ᴩ˿谭һƬӰ
飡һ죬ζ֣С˺һɴ̶СۣסһȵĵĽСӣָѽ

Ľ΢΢һЦһԲ˫ͬʱָңңͣͣͣͣĵָ
ֱָϮˣһְָм䣬ۻ룬簵ա
׺ָʳָ䣬ָҲԲѣѵͬʱĵָһá
ϸȳƣƫ˵һͬ
׺ָԱ˶ԣֻһԣ߱ľѣֻǴǰʹ޸ģҲʩչˡ
һ·ϣ˼תϴ辭֮࣬Ҳżһ׺ָǿԼԱ֮
ǡõϣӣĵָһһָۻվϣ޴ȥ
ƵֵĽѻΪˮǼԶʤˣߵ񣬾ȴ硣
ָʵʵۺȴֲסָϮǵðСһֽУüһ
˺һּƣŵȥָ
Ľָȴ಻һָһָ·һ㣬תָ䣬档
էȥĻǹ
߲ٺˣƼƣÿһָƷȥĽȻԼڡ
Լø˽ָʹۺԼָԲȫȥ
Լһ׶ӣȥˣʹԷۺԼֵѣ÷Ѹ
භԷһʯѹԼ׶ƣȴɡ
֮ԼǿԼָԹأ֮ߡ
Щ뷨һѸ׵磬׽סָңָ͡ڶ
ЩǱû뵽Ľ㾫ָָ֮£޷ϻҲ޷
ǣĽһĽղ񹦣Ӳָٴ򣬵ûкֻСĵĶܿҵָ

Ľһ߻ָһθĽһĴ߶һΨöģģһ˼ָĽ֮һתԪָϾָ䣬ʹʹ죬ȴ
ڣָı͵ö࣬רھϸܣ׶̣һĺࡣ
Ԫת֮ԴԴϵ֮͸ëӿָĶʱƽ
ĽҲЩ죬ŷĿ֮󣬲ǿԪҲǿԪٶȴ
ʱ˼ţŮ
Žţȴ޿κΡ
Ѹ׵磬ƫƫܲĽȫλǵָֻܻƵֵһʱ仺޷ΪӰӡ
ȻĽƱ仯ԭʳָָɽСָָ롣
һָ뷢ָܼܣϱƵúˣһֱ˵֮⣬ֵ࣬޴ڵָ
Χʯͷ꣬еıƷɣеĽУ顱һըΪĩеʯͷ󣬱ըʯĽɿڿֱըɷĩ
С߹ֽУ磬ʹаգ
ţֻˣߵͷ
⻰Ľ˼ָһ㣬֮ʱ衣
ָһӲָͬȴʡ
ʳָָӲָָ磬Сָָ΢Ȼϸϸꡣ
ʲָͬееգеܣߵֵѡ
ܿ츺ˣһָѪ飬СͷһָͷɢңǱ׳߼ͷһָȴǿޱȣȻδˡ
ϣͬʱһ
ʱһǰųһǰ׳Ƶ䱳ģСڴ׳Ƶ䱳ġ
ָ˸գһƣʱһһֻͻɽֱͣײĽ

;ָʱɢΣ۵谭ĵĽǰ
Ľһٿıۿһһһ죬£类ײС
Ľü˫ָ
͡һХأз·ܼ㲨Ƶָ֮ɼһ㡣
һָȥͣ㣬Ŵ¡
ƣƳơ
飡һ죬ըĽ˺һ߻һ£ûжɫȴư졣
Ľü˺һƼǿᣬȻָᴩԲȫ飬ನϮѳˡ
һУȻһʮᣬԼʹپָҲûʲôô
ȻһΣ⣬˫밴ָٴϮˡ
˷ֱƣָʱɢЦĿĽ
Ȼ֮ͨãǽһϣһͬΪһˣ
ĽЦһתͷʦãߣ
Ůԣæʩչǰ߸ҪĽָ㵽ˣڻŮǰ塣


238 ʩ
ŭһֱƣǰͷĸ˫ߣһƵǰ˱ģһƳ
ءХɽȹȿڱڿУɳʯ
ĽֱֳָˣǳƵֵһӿȴϢ
ٿȥĽɫְ˼֣һ֮ʮȥʵʡ
һû׷ʱϵŮǡóɽ֮УϾ׷ĽָѾˡ

Ůߣ߳ŭñĽˣˣһģŮҪɱĽ
һһƣͬʱƣӿ糱ʹ׺ָ޷ס
֮£ȥָʩչ׺ƣͬʱʩչ䣬ӿ˳ۣǼǱѹʩչ־ֶΣշתŲϸ衣
ʩչΪԪ޷ά֣һʣʮ֮ġ
Ľ״һҧһЦһ֮͵ĳʮ⣬ѾƣǴѪ
һֳʮ⣬Ѿɽȣʧ
һУΪƱӣһ㣬ܸϣֻܼӴܶȥŭһһƺ˳ȥ
ĽƮȴԱмƣֻ󱳾ۣʯײϣÿһƶԼĠλѪӿϡ
Ѫ²ͣŤһָ䣬סǵ׷ϣתۼ˳ȥ׷ŮŤһǰۣ벽׷ϡ
Ľף׷Լֻһ·ȼȼգӿѹˡ
Լ񣬾Ȼ֮ʱһָ£տޡ
վÿൢһ죬ͶһΣգޣ˸ݲˡ
ӣƺƵĺˮʣʮ֮Сһ룬ɴС
ģһˮתޡ

ʦ壬㲻Ҫɣһ߼У˪ŤͷʵжģĽǡ
ĽһĨǣһ˿ѪĨȥЦ˺ܹŹ֣崨棬պ书ˣٵݻᣡ
üʣͷ书߯ߣôû˵ã˵𣿡
˪ĿƿҡҡͷûУʦ˰ɣҪҪͣЪһЪϢ
ĽҡͷЦ£һСˣǲͣһ׷Ҫȫ𣡡
Ҫ㲻ǻдЦĵҲĿƿ
Ľҡҡͷ̾˿һڣʩչˣû壬ʩչǳܲס
ɫһ䣺һֻʩչһΣ
ĽͷЦǼˣܣһʩչһδ²ת˺ɱһʩչһãӦòʲô󻼣
һһβ󻼣񽿲ŵʡ
Ľģʵڲʮ㣬Щ飬ˣһ·ˣŰɵʡ
Ľһ£ЦЦҲ֪˰ɣȴȥ˵ģǰ滹ˣ
һΧУĺɫ̧ͷ죬ֻȵĹһЩܿҪڡ
ͷ룬ʱΣƾȾͷһ·ǰĽھͷš
ˣ˪ͣסĽʮ⣬æ˻ҡͷھͷǣݴͣ
жԶæʣߵһЪţͷ󣡡
ĽԼһ·
񽿺ߵҵҪƣЩһʲô£
ĽҡͷҪСģһβͬΣգǸֲ֣飡
İգҿɲ㣡񽿺ߵ
ĽЦЦǲͣһ׷ɲˣǰлʮ
ãǾǰɣ²ȣǰͷȥ

һǰ壬һ˵ҾͲףתϴ辭ֻһˣ̵𣿡
Ľ΢΢һЦתϴ辭̫ˣ˭һһˣʹòϼۣҲ
ǲҡͷΪȻĵãˣɳʸ֮ģСѱ
ĽҡͷҲȻһ˷ߵķӣδزܰȻ˭Ҳ˭ɵ
ٶ죬תۿԶɽڣ֮⣬һʵĴɽΡ룬˹֮ԲС
ĽҪͣʦҶϺ۷ʲôҪͣ£
ãŮӦгء
ȿתۼǡڴʱһȺس֣ڹȿڣȵ·ͨͣ£
Ӵȣ𵴣ͷĿѣɼ֮
ɫһ䣬ЦһСë·
˵գƥֱͷ꺺ӣ˲伴ǰ
꺺ɫ΢䣬ٿĺһƣߣǡñܹһһƥδѵӲӡ
˪ĽĩϺƮƮУɣˡ
ĿһӶʮˣˣֵָķɣһ粻书ͨˡ
ĽзԿЦû뵽תϴ辭˴֣һһðѵ¼ĸ֮ࣿ
һ죬һ٣ӭһ
ǸˣԼʮ꣬üĿ棬һֱ΢۾ʱէȻۣտտƶˡ

΢΢һЦý
񽿵ͷĽҲ
һֱۺԺһ֣ŷԼЩ죬ˣѷԼ
ʲôˣ
˸΢Цҳݣ¾תϴ辭ǿԹȥ
ҡҡͷתϴ辭ƾ书ʲôתϴ辭ˣ
䵭ǧ֮⣬Ľ˵νȻͬ·һˣƮƮ
΢Ц¾žתϴ辭޲ѵãȻܴգֻۿۣһþתϴ辭ݣ׮ƽԸԸӣΣ
һü۲תѸƳһĽ
ĽЦЦ˪
˪һŪˣλƭˣתϴ辭ѲߣѾѵˡ
Ŷüһ΢΢һЦҿǰɡҲµûתϴ辭ϣ
˵գһָĽĿտտ磬ֱĽ˫ۣƺҪ͸Ľĵס
鵭ģĿޱ顣
ѾӦ߯ƻ̽Լ뿴תϴ辭ڲڣû飡
Ľ΢΢һЦͷתϴ辭ϣбȡȥ
һŰɵĶĽĽЦЦûס
һĨһͷؽеʲôס˵
룬ͷΣλ°ɣ
һ̸ָУְգ
Ľ΢Цҡͷ񽿣˸ɫ
̤ǰһһָҵҪʶһЩһı£
˵գһٿĴǰ磬˲䵽˵ǰæбһһ죬һ

񽿸ǰ࣬ѩ䣬д룬һʱ֮ѹסˣͣĺˡ
ǿᣬ־ǿһʱ죬Ϸ磬һʱ֮԰
ĽСָһ㣬һָϢƮȥƮ䵽ϡ
һָָʣ壬
ؼʱһͣ񽿽磬˲ݲٶ⼰壬ֱӴ͸š
һ漴ϵѪմѩɭɭĿˮһˣ˭
üѣ÷ѽ⣬Ϊκö˶˵ģǷôͺȻһ£һɱ
һȥֱ˵ɵá
񽿣üѣоâԽԽ¶ֵĿ
񽿵ȻԶԣѩޱϲ޾޾壬˭û˱ÿǵ·
Ľҡҡͷ޿κΣĸֻ֣ɱˣ򣬺ңķһã飬Ҳ֡
̵ģһ׳վֳһͷѩɭɭдĿɱڣ˹֮ĺ
񽿽һָգ
׳˴һƥͷ£ըף˪һë
ߣָ糣ղһľһεĺ壬ҪסԼ
ʲôĽȴףɷɱˣɣ򣬾ܸܵϵɷ
ҡҡͷѣʦСģɱأǶԼ׺ݣСܾˡ
ã񽿵ͷѩ䣬޷죬Ų죬ʵѸף׳ס
һ⣬˫׹䣬ɷˣһѹͷʹú䣬ɽΧ¶Ƚ˼֡
񽿽ǿһһѾѹԽԽ

Ľȴüͷ壬ܾһ⣬ļһΣգȻɷأܶļǰȴʹ
ķ죬һתѩնȥΨһͷɱ޷񣬹ֲ˺ãƵԽԽ
ĽСָͳһָ紺磬ˣ뽫ΣնɱѿС
ָͳ˺Ȼһȣɱ
һըɷ֮ӿһεļ񽿣׼һ£漴ӿ죬̽˼
ҧгݣסŤն
ˣǡڴʱĽָˣ˶ʱһͣ񽿼ÿ죬ٿһνһ̣⴩塣
ƺһͷؿڳǵѪٺЦ͵һն
񽿳齣Ʈˣͷһģˤڵأ鴤ºȻ
ˮˣ˭
׺ĺȴһȻ˸ЩԾû뵽һŮӲĳ
ĿɨǾмѹ
һ˳ﻹһϰգ¹ʲô棬תϴ辭
ĬȻ˴˶ӣЩĨ档
˶ţôˣĶѾˣٶһزʲôѲɣҪ޹ǿЦҲûˣ
һ˸ף̾ϢһͷλФ˵ǣµѾûͷ·ˣһϰգ
£ʣȻ꣬ȴȿһһĪĶȡ
΢Цʹ˵ЩҲº񣬳˪ЦЦ˼ǸȻǲɱλֻȡתϴ辭һۣˣ
Цһα
΢΢һЦҡͷ˻ţȴƫƫģǿϧʱǿܻǺѣ

ŮһЦתͷ༸ˣҲһݷ
Ľֻ̾Ӳˣ
زĽףƴ;ȼҲɣʮ֮һ˸书Ȼ޷˦
һȼɣֻ⣬ԼνŮò䵽ϣ
ǸòȻȴʲôˣŮ³֪
뵽̾Ϣһһҧ¶˾ġ
ȻһԾ䵽ʯһݴڶ˺ǳһ㣬ֹסˣվܱһꡣ
Ľϥ£˫ֽӡ˫ۡ
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Ľۣ΢ЦҡͷȲˣҹһԣһһ
΢ЦҡͷĪҪʹʲôطðɣʩչգǵǣҲܵķڷ
ĽЦЦԸţ
˪˺󼸲վɽ£ָŰˣ龯裬ϼʱ׼
һĲͣ³ףʦȥҪȥˣɱӿֻԼ书ãһǰ˸
˪ҧ´䣬Űˡ
ĽԴԽԽ죬ת۹һӹɴֱѹʯ£˺Ϊ֮һͣ˹ֵ
ʱɫѾȫڣǸǸ֣ҹ죬ǿյ״


239 Ԯ
ĽڴУͷñӷ¶Դ¶еݡ
˸һһۣĽݺ档
µģЦһüͷ
˴Ľɫࡣ
ףһµģɾ鷳ˣ˵ǷȱΪɽħ顣
书һ֣ɶ£з飬֮⣬ɫѿˡ

һɫָݣ΢Ц£ôɣµģԱҺˣαطҪݣ֣صģʮа˾ţµģ
תȭλ֪λСʦδĪµĸɮ
񽿵Ƴһۣתͷȥ
˪Ľйݣҡͷǣ
һһ˵СһǡͬʱʱǶʱΡ
ƳһۣһЦǴգĳЦȴ˹˼ɣתͷȥû
治ǣ΢Цʡ
˪ﵭİգʦ岻µģ
΢Ц˻Ӧò٣Ǵû˵ʲôϸ𣡡
˪ﵭǸʲ𣡡
˵ҵඡ˫һ
˪ЦһתͷȥҲˡ
˸΢Ц⣬תתҪ˵Ȼһѹ˫һҪ򵹡
æ˹ȣֹסƣһͦվֱˣתͷȥȴ˶ɫ΢䣬ˢˢĽ
һŹâУĽϥӽһɽУΧʡ
ĽڹâУӣֻܿһŹâʾΣΪ졣
âԽԽģٿһʱĽͷ۾âʵʣ˵֮ഥĪһ

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飡һ죬˷ײ϶ɽڣ໬һ֪
Ľʧ˷ɳһգ۹ûӦѾˡ
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˷ӦʱΧһȦűһ˺ȵаţԱ
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Ľһһ죬һɵҹУʧĽ˺ȦС
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ĽתͷһƳĿŮһֻĵ׷ǰĽ·һˣûһ˿顣
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תͷĹˣ³˵ɱ崨棬ӦǲǣȴûӰӡ
㣬᲻ǻˣʦɱЩˣ˪ʡ
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ʦǳˣľѳ֮ϣ벻ġ˪۱Ľǽǰɣ
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240 ɽ
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˶ʮУ񽿺ȻҡͷðɣӹȻ鴫Ҹʰ·磡
к֪Լ£಻٣ֱ䣬ñǱĽǰ

ڶ죬뿪˷ǣУԭ
һϣǿǰ齺ţĽںϣųڣȻڡ
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˪ںϣͷһһֱͣ˵˽Ц档
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241 ξ
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ĽҲǲ׺ɽǰǵһƬģһسˣ书ȡɣ᳣֮裬ϧ书
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һ㣬Բ׺ɽǰǾ壬ʵԶ׿ʶ

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һһףߵ;ǧ׹ȥԶʤˣԾ˫Ǧǧ
Ľװûںߣ¿Χķ羰һӣɿջأһԷ˹ͷ
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ĽЦӲ
ߣͰһ˹ȥѧתϴ辭
Ľҡͷһ·ƴɱԸ֮ˣ˲һιأĲ򡣡
š͵ͷɫչûʱչˣ
ӻͳһţݸĽվͳȥЧ
ĽһȻ̫棬Ҫȥξ
š͵ͷһȥ㲻Բ׺ɵ壬ײ㿪ʼ
ĽЦ̫棬ΪΣ
Լ룡ͺߵڰ֣ȥɣʲôʱ˽ʲôʱɽ
ǡĽŷ⡣
͵ݣ߾С
ǣĽƬ̣ͷ


242 ɽ
Ͱڰ֣ȥɣôѾд£
ǣӸǣĽʮһת뿪
ֱӻСԺݣ򿪴ͨ磬ĵƤĸͣһƬ
Ľϥϣ˺ŷ⣬ȡһؼ㣬͸ݾεСǰ
ܿ꣬̾ϢһҡͷЦ

齣վڴǰСԺڵĻݣһת뿪޼ڡ
޼ڣֻʦ̫һˣ°ɮۣϥϣĶׯϣ֮
Ľ޼ͨվڵڣһȻźʦݣᣬȴһֱڴڣഺػš
Ȼòϣʦȴļžϣһڹžû¶øɿݡ
Сӣվ﷢ʲôʦ̫ȻЦ
Ļ̌Ƚ˴ʮһЦʦھޣΩ־š
˵ʦ̫ҡͷЦ²ʲô鷳˰ɣ
ĽţЦеʣʦʦûðɣ
ãʦ̫üһЦСԲأôȻ
ĽЦʦңʦʱǲԣĪʲô飿
ʦ̫һۣ˵ʲô飡ϣʥѩڼţ༰кιϸԣ
ĽҡͷʦʲôԹ
ʦ̫üһӣСӣ˼룬ʲô¸Ͻ˵
Ľ˿ǺһЦ
ʦ̫һۣߵ˵ϽĪҹ򣡡
ĽΣӻͳż㣬ݳȥðɣʦ̫зԸֵɽˣ
ʦ̫С춯˶ȴֺϣż㣬ü뿪ţڴڻⲽ
ĽҲվֱ˶ʦ̫

ιʦ̫ͷţȻʦзԸԲΥͷĵȥɣ
Ľ˫ЦɽȻһʲôҲұΨʦұܰգ
ţҲáʦ̫ͷ
룬һ°ƣʱһŮƮš
ʦ̫ȥ¹
ǡŮһĽӯӯͷתƮƮȥ
ת۹ʦ
ʦ̫£ȥȡ컯һƿĵ
ǡתߣƬֻ̺СƿһֻСƿһֻƿԱƽƴС
ʦ̫ƿĽϣ컯ҩЧҲ֪ĪҪ׸ˣ
Ľӹûƴǣһ컯һʦ纣ٶһЩҲ޷
ʦ̫ɣݹǻĵѪЧ㵽˾УˣϺԼ
Ľ˫ֽӹЦʦģӲнղ񹦻壬ôģ
ʦ̫üһһס죬˵ЩĻҪξҪȥģĽղûܵסǹ
Ľɫһ䣬æȥ
ʦ̫һۣҡͷ㲻֪ţҸϸϸ˵һ˵ûͷûԣ鷳Ϊʦ㲻ã
ʦָԽ򣡡Ľæ
ʦ̫ڰ֣ϣߣĽ˶棬̴ģȥŮ㡣
µʦҪȥУ
ţ̫Ըģ˼Ҷ⣬Υʦ̫ͷƳһĽҡͷЦУҪɢ;ɻأûŶ
ĽüʣʦΪΣ
˲ýУ̫Ĺأ˸Υʦ̫
Ľüһָ֣񲻳Կ

Ĵܳǿȴǿܳλڶϡ
Թ˴󺹹˶ܳԡ󺹹λ붫֮䣬ֱܳӡ
۾ǿ󣬴󺹵һݺ޵У˿ɵ
֮ڵ붫಻ԣˣܵס߽紦겻̫ƽ
ƫһ磬ڴ֮䣬Դûʲôв붫Ӧ󺹣ҲϾܣʴܹȶһ
ʦ̫ЦⲻصģҲ书ţ󣬲ѷɣֻ·ͬˡ
·ͬĽʡ
ʦ̫ţӵ书书Ȼ߲ܼͬһˣһ֣ɵڶ֣ǡ
֡ĽСӳ
ʦ̫üտȻЧһȷ;
ܻȥĽһ
ʦ̫ҡͷܣ书书ˣһܷϲġ
ĽЦѲɣҪɢȥ
ţҲ˼ʦ̫΢ЦǱˣȥ㲻ͬʱж̣ɢȥµģ
Ľ̾˿
ʦ̫һ򣬰οʦк⣬Ҳ֪ģտȻ͹ԹԵӰɣ
ǰοȴǴЦôôֻĽҡͷ
ʦ̫ЦʦҪﻷӣԵҲ⼸̫ƽÿ궼Ҫ򼸻أΣգͷҲףɱˣιˣ
ĽЦҺʱܳΪ
ǿඣʦ̫ҡͷЦһ㣬𳤣˧Уξξɽһʮ
Ľͷ㣬̾Ҫɱܶˣ
üʦ̫뵱⿿ɱ˲ɣıսߣ㶼þͨ
ЦտȻ֮뵱ȳΪմѵö࣡

ĽǱˣɽȥԣֱһɽ¡
ĽѾɽȷʵһкɽ¡
һɽߣһ߻뼸ǰΣһ棬ҪСԲ빬ƶĲ⣬Ҳǲ
Ľܾã׺ЩϸֱҪǣĽסˣסա
һȥ֪ҪãʦԣΪʵȻҪҲռһ󲿷֣ѣ뱲Ҳɡ
ѾԸ֮ڲɽۻĽӦˡ
ĽɽˣЩ꣬ܿѹ£תԼ书֪ηȥ书
һ룬һߣһֱɽȴûָԺï֣ܵһÿ˹ԼԵüС
Ʈңת˰ɽƾֱɽһطԺïܵȫסѷ


243 ԭί
ĽƮ߲ǰһۣΧһƬǽϳ̦ŵòˡ
𡭡ľ㣬һֱ䣬죬첻ǡô
Ľһһľ죬ɰ̾ľ֮ȻǷΪ֮
տȻ̫֮ݼʦ
ӷ𡭡ľͣ£ȻһţһСɳܳԼʮ꣬˫Բģ֮ˡ

۽ȣ˫ֺʮȻʩʦ룡
ֺģնյģܽʵͷĽؿλãͷʩ
СʦˡĽ΢Цʮ
Сɳ۽ţֱߣĽŽԺӣСʯ̳ɵԺӣܸɾ࣬һǧһƤ
еĴϹһңдĸ֣۱
ĸдׯϣէͨûʲô˲ϸȴмζ
Ľ̾һ֣
Сɳվſڣͷдߴ֮⡣
Ľæϼ˴һڴӶͷͷȴһԷ
һ޴ϣһͷһʣ˫طأתȻ
ؿһdţƺڲͣתС
ԷϣһüϺһ飬һľ㣬ƽͣžھˮС
Ľǰһʮһ񣺡ʦ
üϺĸߴ󣬴ľۣ£Ӥ߸ɮ緶ݲ
۾ľ鳣ʮǣӷ𡭡СУ̫һλ
ĽԻͳһţ˫ֳϣСɳǰӹţת͵Ϻиǰ
ʱһСнһḷ̌һյ裬С˫鶯Ҳǻˡ
Ѳ͵ĽǰʩȲ裡
Ľӹˣ΢ЦͷлСʦ

Ϻż㣬΢ЦտȻɣʩӹǻðɣ
Ľǣ̫ܺá
Ϻкʮңңһ̾ʩһִţĲģ굯ָڼ⣬컯
Ľ˵ʲôͨãֻһƬհס
Сɳ֣ҲһͨʧȥЧá
Ϻ΢ЦӽտȻס°ɣһᴫһŹ򡣡
ǡĽͷ֪ʦʲô򣿡
ϺеȰɢȥȻѧħ
ĽЦҪɢȥô
ϺеͷЦɢȥоѧʩһƬģտȻĪˡ
Ľͷ
Ϻҡҡͷ̾ϢԵɣ˽ղ񹦣ʩҲ´˺ġ
ĽЩɻ󣬵ʦղкβԣ
Ϻ΢Ц׺ɵѧӣղȣȴ֮ϧղѣտȻǱĩã˶˰ɣ
Ľͷ˼
Ϻеղ˼ɾ֮ɣֱǱ˰Ѵ׺ɵ书ǿ֮ȴСˣ
Ľͷ
Ϻҡͷղɣѹأɷ֮·һ˳
Ľʦ֪ɾ֮
Ϻҡҡͷ۹ʦ´ԸԸնղ񹦸֪£Ҫɻ˰֪ķģʤǰʩԵһоղ񹦣֮
ĽüΪղ÷֪Լס
Ϻƺͷ΢ЦĽղ񹦣Ƕضˣղ񹦵һأʹ֮ǧУֻһŶѣ
ĽӽҰˡ
ϺеͻԵϲţ۹ʦȴһƬȱİף֪˽ղķʲôã
ĽЦЦʦԻ۹ɮļЦ

Ϻеղ񹦣һףڶѣѣ˵Ĳ㣬ѾޱȣɼԲףҪͻƵĲ㣬·ӣʮ꣬Ҳã
Ľüͷһǲ
Ϻ֣գΪʦϲѽ
ССɳ򢣬ͷýζϺзԸæܳȥһյ
ϺЦеĺһڣ̾Ϣһ
ĽҲյਣճ㣬һƬ̾ò裡ò裡
Ϻ΢ЦǺɽ֡
ĽЦʦˣ
ϺаȻ΢ЦɽżţܿռţżЩ£ֻΪһˡ
ŵѧ;һڶ⣬ʼһڣʼ;ͬ飬ɣһȻһ壬˴壬޷һˮ֮𡣡
ĽͷЩû˵Ͼʱж̣䵽˲׺ɣһֱæűչɽûлᾲĶ顣
Ϻеķߵǵһ·ߵǵڶ·Ȼͬ
ĽʦͲ߼
Ϻҡͷ뷨ģӹ񣬾ž֮Ψһ˳ɹǻ۹ʦ
ղ񹦣Ľһ
Ϻл̧ͷңԶ̾۹ʦ˾ţǧһ
ϺüԶȻ˹Ȼ۹ʦɽղ񹦣࣬ȴ֪ж
ֱ˵ղУ۹ʦ·Ϊһ壡⾪ˣΩʩϤǿΰã
ĽæԸ꣡
Ϻ˫۷Ź⣬ղ񹦵һĲ㣬˵һ·⣬˲ȴǵڶ·ڣ

Ľ˼ά磬ղ֣ǣƤ⣬ĤѪɡ
һգȻˣһֱƤ⣬ƤٵѪڡ
ʦ뵽һȥֻԼµı취ᣬףѧʶ
ϺеĲ㣬㣬Ψߵڶ·ֻȥӣ֮޷ô
ĽȻ򣬹ֲ̫
Ϻ΢΢һЦɢ֮ʩдãǰ
ŶĽЦЦǺ棬ɢ֮
Ϻеɢ֮ǽѪУϽղûˣͼ֣


244 
Ϻ˵꣬ԸһգտȻȥᰲ
ǣʦССɳӦһվȻտȻʦ֣
һİСģɰĽ̲סЦǣͲʦˣ
תϺкʮһŲճ˴򶫱᷿
ƿţܸɾü򵥣һһѣϰɫһȾǽдһġ֡

յտȻʦ֣ǵľᣬп˾ס
ܺãлʦˡĽͷЦʦܣ⺮ɽ½ˣ
ǡȻͷ
ĽҡͷЦСɳ֣࣬Сһ㣬˵Ҳܳȣϳɡ
ʦЦտȻȵϢһӣȻǾͿʼɣ±㵽ļʱ򣬡ûṦһ¡
ĽӲصϢֱӿʼɣ
ţҲáʦͷЦҴһƪھΪյȫɢٴ߶ղ񹦡
ǡĽӦʦСɳָߣϷţϣһƪھ
΢Ľ
Լİ֣֮ʦտȻɼסˣ
Ľͷᱳһ飬һЩʴʦЦһһָ㣬⡣
ʦʣɢȥֻ֪һ˵;֮ǰɢƮңķһӣ֪ۡ
Ľü룬ͷ
ʦƪķǻȥӡ
Ľüͷһʦ˵Ҳ
ʦͷЦһ˾ѧͱѧˣǣٷһ书
ĽЦʦ׺书һʲô׺ɵĵӣ
ϺҡҡͷտȻǳˣִţʹ׺书Ͳǲ׺ɵˣ
ǣܽˣĽʮһ

Ľٶ˵ۣʼУģһƬ飬泩ԣˮࡣ
뾭ľת仯ʼӾ磬鲼ڵ⣬ɢÿëס
ϺʦСɮƮĳ˫ƣӡĽ
顱ڶ˫ƲͣĻĽ壬磬ֻƲӰơ
Ľ˫΢أ񾲣˯ȥĻ簴Ħ
Լյʱ䣬ʦʦȻƣӡʧ˺һĨһѹͷϵܺ顣
Ľۣ۹ǰ
ˣϺæʡ
ĽͷѾɢȥˣ
ӷ𡭡Ϻкʮһţ˷ȻУգգ
Ľһ漴ЦԭʦҲûա
ϺЦʩУûԹ
ЪϢɣû壬òϰߣ
ǣлʦĽʮ
ϺϸĬΣͷһ˿棬õúܣõúܣ
ţ뿪
ĽϷӣյģԭĺˮһβУֻһˮУһ
ղʱһѺ֪᲻ʧԼ׵һע֮ʯ
΢΢̾ϢһЩᣬɢȥָֻһһӲ׺񹦵ĵһ㿪ʼ
պҲ׺ˣĲģ׺񹦵˵㣬ûҪ;ϡ
ǲֻֽҪһʱ䣬͸Դﵽ߲㣬ϧѾˣûᡣ

һĶãһ߸п̾ϢţһĲ֪ԪȻסˡ
ֻһ˿һƵԪƮ뵤ëƮ룬һţΧסˮת۹ֱҺ顣
ĽһæרעڴˣĺһȫԪٶȿı˿˿ԪƮ룬һΪˮ
۾ʱѾһСƬˮǰʮ֮һָٶ죬ĿţԪǿ
֣ʦ˵ɢȥǲε䣬ҪͷӦķɺˮ
ģͬߣþˣָȴάԭȵĲΣû䣬ͷ
ʦķ⣬Լ֮ʡ
һֱжϣԴ
ⲽ˼άתĴڲ֪Ǹǻһ书᲻谭
һųݣҵʦʦԼɢˣķʱβû䡣
ȥûֱˣֱС
ʦü˼ֲ̽쿴һĽҡͷ˼⣬Ľһɢʧʦ̽һû
˿ֻ˵ɢ
ϣ˼ҵ֮
ʱ˼зţ̧ͷʱɫѰĺɫӿ
ʦգɽһˣȥ붼̻ͣա
նյСֺܽʦھȥ𣿡̫ȥƵǵطҲܽȥģ
ʦЦȥɣ
ϣӦհСȻͷ۽󣬳Ŀżɽȥ
ʦ΢Цһ֮˽ǵĶǾк֣æһ
ʦŵһ⣬и̽飬һ߲壬Ƿ׳߲ķΡ
ĽȻЦλ鲻ɢɹ
ʦ΢Цܹһأް

ʱɫȫĽţһЦȻ𣺡ʦĳ
ŴЦһ׳Ӱڴţζ˫磬ʵʣѹſĽɺһ͡
ԳԾ˵ɢȥ֮Ҳ㾪ˡ
ʦʮ΢Цʩˡ
󺺹һЦʦαؿɱ̣
Ľһۣο࣬׳ܣʨڣˣ֮һͷʨ
ʦҡͷָһĽյӣգξ飬ܳ
ŤͷͶĽľˮʮһ񣺡ռʩ
´Ȼְ̽ģһϢӿ룬һ֮ۡ
ڵת˼תȦȥת۹ڣ鶯磬·
Ľޣڣһһ̾ѣ׷ܣ磬ίʵˣҲԵޱȡ





245 ξ
ţСеʲ󺺵ͷЦʦ͵У̿ɲǶϷ
ʦ΢Ц죬ҿ󲻿ԣһ
ŶĽԨsţȳͷʦĻˣ
ЦôӽвգգеŹѽ
ʦЦûңвԶֻܻգԲףɵ˷š
ЦȤȤСȷʵգ

˵ţŲ𣬲ոеʦʩô
ţաʦͷ
С󺺣ʱ¶Цݡ
˹ŹֵĶԼСжЦֻԷٺЦͣ
Ľ˹Цҡͷѡ
СϣԴϣǴӡʺ콿ޡ
ʦҡͷߵСһǺˣ
Ľһˣ˶Կ˱˴˵ģƫƫ˵ŶԷ󣬶û뵽ԼҲˡ
󺺹ЦǰǣϷСһ
СҲϷӦæĨֱˣһºæ˳ȥ
ЦʦĹڣӲįѽ
ʦЦҡͷ춷ȥҲ֪ۣҲɵȥʱûʱţ
ЦеĵඣСһﶼ˭Ҳ˭飬սթѷ£
תͷʦСʦʲϧоѧ˽ഫڣܰһѣ
ʦҡͷҿԼ컯ɡ
ʣȥͶ
ʦӪ
šһü׵⼸겻̫ƽֲݣʱҪһ
Ľʮɳģ
ʦӾҪ̵ģ򣬽ȥҲûʲôãա
Ǻãһ顣󺺵ͷ

ĽصУϥϣʼվѾԹ޷תϴ辭
һתϴ辭Ψд
һʩչû֪ǵѣãֻҸպ˵
ԼգͶʦ£֮ԼѾλʦ
̫ԼҲΥ֮ա
ڶ죬峿ʱʦԺϽǣΧһʯ塣
ĽʦͶӣվգҴһ׷ħ·Ϸ
ʦɲ׼Ƥһæȥӣе
ʦЦðɣӮգù
ඣʦСпһɫһֶնյļɰ
˽ǰͷ̧ۿʦ֣ҪСɲӴ
˵գ˫ֱţ͵Ľǰ
Ľֽӹʱһ·ޱȣֲÿ죬ԭô
˹۴֣ɸɾûʲôƣԲ羭ϸĴĥȴƫƫԵӣĽһϲˡ
زأʦʡ
Ľҡͷá
ţʹӦúʡʦͷһУɵϣȵƺඣ
𳤹죬ӰӰԼڵУˮòƾˡ
Ľ۾ǷħˣȻԼûȴˡ
ųУһʦȻ֣Ӱʧһ٣ߣЦɿˣ
Ľͷ˼Ժ»طš

Ƭ̣߹ȥһᣬأ磬ٶö࣬аУܿʹꡣ
ŤŤʩչûͣ£ʩչڶ飬Ȼ飬ı飬һһ
ʦ΢Ц벻վڴſڣֽкãʹúͣ
󺺺Ŀ⾼Цʦһõѽʵѵã
óĽйĿı£ֱӼסˣסʹһ£ÿ̿
պкܴȻ岻ֻҪǣھѧȱ㣬ֻҪгԿ͵ľͷá
ѧѧ֣ͬûʲôҪ󣬼ʹǸɵϣֻҪʽҲһ
Ľһʮ飬ֱ췽ͣסʱĹѾΣžˡ
ʦͷǰӹȻ˼£ϸĵָţúܺãһиôʹ
ʦͽһרѧһҲûܻ䣬̾ʦ׷ħ򵥣ȴףõúܣ
ʦ·ϷˣеľѧԶ
ЦЦյѧ׷ħԷ
׹ȷʵ̫ǿȾѧԶҲһǴȷʵɷ
Ľʦָ£죬һĹѾģûʲôˡ
ӣǿЩʽΪܶĽĶط
ʱţתۼ䣬ʮȥһ׷ħѾΪܣ켫һнǷħ
Ҳʦ壬նޱȡ

ĽЩӳħҲһµķţɢŽɢˡ
ɢʼѹһ㼷ȥһɢ֮ˮȫ֮С
⼫ΪҲûֱֻΣգһ¡
תԪһҹ֮Ϊһˮǰˮȫڡ
˸ƽյõǧס
ı仯ģϣǣڣľԽǿˣ˼С
ԴĿţֳͨ˼У۾ʮ֮ڽڹշΧһֻۣһУ֡
ʮ죬˼еķΧӣʮɱʮɣһнԵı仯
룬ǿҲǿˣеĽףȴ޴ʡ
ֱԼ֮ñܣ˵ȥоķա
ʮ˼зΧǿ޶ȵģʮѾޣ룬ҲЧˡ
峿ʦһۣЦգóˣļӽˡ
ǣʦĽʮһ
ʦ΢ЦףԽʼգҵĵӣ
Ľ˼صͷǣ
˵䣬洫ЦǽЦգҪ˰ɣ
Ľʮһ΢ЦǣٰҲһ顣
ŶһҲûжʣֱһưĽģȵϢȥ
һؾΣԽ˸Ӷת˼Ȧ˳ġ
ţƵͷ׳ʵ࣬󣬻ȳЩƣޣԼŬ
ǣĽʮͷ
תʦҪȥˣ
벻ۿ죬ʦ֣գ
ʮĽˣСɳ棬ɽҰķܣСһﶼöܵС
Ľת˼򣬴Ӳ΢Цȹһӣһ
ʦ֡Сп

ĽڵĳŰ˺ɽ£С
һֱ뿪ǣԶˣŴ߶ԪʩչṦУԪڼǿ֧ʩչṦ
װһЩ±ˣһЩ̲һţǽǹٸߵ֤ףûз
ںǷţȴղأðˣš
ţҪţ˵ؼʱá
еϵǲѷ䣬ǹΪϾھˣǵط
ĻãҲûãͳȥн飬ٺòгԼ͵ù
˷գ粻óƾԼıˡ
ûĹƽϵ޴ڣϣǿʳʵΪ𣬴˴ơ
һ·У죬һһߴʮʱ䣬ڸϵ򡪡ǡ
˵Ӫʮļǽ
Ľһ·ϳſڣǽ֧һƬ಻ԼٶΧľդмһ˴ӭƮչϻһֻںڵӥ
ĽԶɷɭȻء
ۣԼĲͬɽ˺ӻԾξ˶ϡ٣վһֻߡ
һԯȥľդǰſױʿһ쳤ꪣһкɭɭվס
ʿһףߴͣ˫ӥ˲ɵһĽҪʱɱˡ
Ľ°óٸߵ֤ݸߵıʿʮһ񣬵λ׳ʿСɮǰͶ
ʿüͷһ壬´Ľֿ˿ϵż㣬ߵݲߴģС嵥úܣͶǻȥɣ
Ľеģݣ˵ºһ;ǲξϣҡͷѡ
Ľл˺⣬ҪȥҡҡͷǷȥˡ

Ľߣһӭ壬ޱ飬ûһ˿Уξģ
һʿż㽻ϣ˴ۣһ֣ͷĵգ
ĽߣмĴһֱм䣬ǰһ䳡żУʯĥԱƥ
ʮӣÿһˣţʱ
Ųʮ̧ͷĽ
ʮĿ䣬ʵʣ˸ˣֱ˫ȷʮʵҲܷӳĳɡ
Ľףǵһˣǵ
˽ǰʮһ񣺡Сɮգλ
һһ֣Ͷģ
ǡĽͷ˵ҲǸ֮ˣ֪ܽ飡
ĽСɮʦѧ˼йķѧϰϳ书
ô˵ûڹķ˵֣ҹҿ
Ľǰһ֣̽Ľưϣְֱ׺ڵ˼Ȧȥ
˵ûǿȴҲ罣
˵ͷξȷʵû
¶һ˿ЦݣǺãȹȥĥʯ
Ľǰɰḥ̂¡
˹һЦСܰʮ𣿡
ĽǰʮΣԾɣʮ˷׷ֱӣˡ
һЦξǸӣ


246 Ӱ
ΣʵİƣһױʿܵĽǰһŹһ
Ľӹ˼£״˹ЦˣʯĹ
ղŵױʿֵܹܿݸĽһŹ
Ľԣ죬ȷʵȸղŵӲö࣬˼飬һ֧ϼһɡ
飡һʮİϡ
ûڣܿһаġ
ʮȵ
Ľδųʮʮ֧ڰģڴСɵ׼ȼߣ˷Ƽʼ׿

ãü˸ƴЦΧʮҲЦеģǢҡ
һ߸ЦξǸӣãôһӣϲξϲξѽ
֮磬֮磡Ц˻ȴţе˺ʮʮ
Ľ˺ʮʮаģһȺ˺ȲʣôԶܼаģ㲻ˡ
˸е᲻
Ľ졣
Կȵ
һǣһƥĽǰĽݹӹԾ䳡Ȧ
ӼȻһףѹĽ
Ľչֱ۽ӹˣϴУʮаģδУԶ
һȲʣ׷Ҫˡ
һ꺺ξӪɣ˾Լѵ֣
ݣ˫޳һ˫۾΢ݣӥ˵ȴ
ξǽӪɣ
ξܴ󣬲ӪǸõĺ֣
࣬ʼĽյԼ¡

ٿξһ֣ãɣΣ
Ľͣסһ򣬾û泩ٳ۳ҵĿȷʵˡ
СУǹɣʲô궼ξʡ
ĽǰڹξǷħ
궼ξЦС·Ű˷ţãʹһ׷ħ
Ľһʩչħ죬ĹӰסΣˮò
˽ҡͷ΢ЦΪȻȻħѰ
궼ξͷЦܽ׹ӳܺã
йĽչϢȳƣϢ֡
궼ξʣСУ뵱ʲô
Ľ룬붼ξ
ǺǣСеҲɣ궼ξЦ룬棬ɣ
ǣĽʮһ
Уξ˰ɣ궼ξ
һ׳ӴվԾӣأ⣬ǰֺٺЦξӪ
ţǰѺ֣ǿɱ̣궼ξ
׳ظķģϣ
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һ󺺴Ȧһ˻СУΣ
˵һһӣҲ׳ҡͷѣ
Ľ󣬿ȦȣֲýȦ̫£ܸͨое˷ܡ
һΪʮˣһΪʮˣ˵ĽЩܳԼû书ȻȴҲֲôˡ

ȦĽһԲҪ˵һһ䳡ʤղŵ䳡
䳡׶ʮʿݺ۳ңһ֧֧䵽ߵĶʮϡ
ʮʿ꣬תͷ򱱱ߣʱϱֱʮƥʿɼʮˣĸأѼ꣬ͷ򱱱ߣϱʮ
ĽһۣЩʿµĿĬԼȣȻѵء
ȦվڳߣؿʿǷ׷۵ǰܿվһӣĽһɨԼˡ
Ȧһͦ˫۾Ŀˣȵǽһλˣգۣͬһˣʤ
Уһ຺վӦ
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ٶĿ֮£ĽĬȻߵߣվ࣬һԲ
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ȦӪҪ̫ϣ±ѵһҪúչˣ
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˶ɢȥʣû´Ľ
Ľһ֣ôֻʣˣһΪʮ˲ǡ
ʤҡͷӪѲˣһһûʲôˣ
Ľͷʮһ񣺡Сɮգλ硣
ʤڰ֣СУضǶǴˣͽаɣӣС̣
ֱָˣĽЦŵͷ

ӸɰݣЦЦ棬ɵǺǵģ·˸ԲĮֻǵͷ
СòӢ䣬Ӻܴ󣬵ʱ򣬷ˣ¶º͵ЦݣĽһ֪ºͣ
ʤתǱȥһ˵УȰһסĵطٸһƥ
˵Żһǰȥʱһɺζ˱ǶĽҡͷЦ
ȻˣԲڲ׺ɽȣҲܸһȣܿġ
ܿת̬ʤܿʮֱŰ齣һš
ͷڼֻӣӣֻ࣬ǶһЩ߰Ķ
ϺܸɾĽһɨ²ѡ
ʤߵ߽䣬ŵŪһȻ˼ӵ룬ְŪһһŴγɡ
ù죬̺ˣһģˣˣ
Ľߵǰ˰ܽʵȻ̫ЩˣѾˣϾڼ
ʤһİƣ˯ˣܲϰߣС̵ĺ죬Ӧһӡ
Ľͷлﳤ
ʤһûĵƣһˣЩĻ˵
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Ѷ£ȥʤ
ĽѰ볤£񣬶תתһ˶Ҫ·ˣѭ˻һǰ
ʮƥ̬ͬ˵ÿһƥ񿥷ǳ
ԣһι̧ͷʤߵҵ
һЩªͷףԼʮ꣬ºͣǾˣɢº͵Ϣ

ʤЦͷشҲģ
ŶͷǺЦ쿪ۣڸˣ
ʤЦ֣Сһ
ǸУͷֵĿĽ
Ľʮһû˵ʤȴ˵ˣɤŵôоͲܱΪ
ͷǺЦٷϻɣ
ʤһۣתͷĽУɣϲһƥһƥӴ֮ͬˣ
ĽͷߵǰһһǵĶͷգһƥͷһɫΡ
ߴ󣬸룬Ƥë⻬УŹ⣬˫解鶯񣬽ǿ
ĽһͷഥܸоѡЩġ
ţС۹⣡ͷͷһ谮ĿŴгӰٶȷɿ죬Щ꣬ҪСġ
ĽͷİëЦл
ͷϽϰӣʤ
ͷԱ񣬺ܿóһͷӰϣ䣬ɴ࣬ܿŪꡣ
ĽԾЦл磬ﳤȻȥ
˵һӰ˻һٿĳ˳ȥת伫Ľһף۷ǳ
ת۹䳡ϱߣ·˾۵һ
˱ʹһ˵˵ЦЦ·ĵôǳӰô
ǳԾҡͷѣﳤôҲȰһӰ̫꣬ɴ˲ٵĻ
ĽЦͶԵѡˡ


247 һ
ǲ֪Ͻһƥ㽵һģ·
ĽЦЦû˵
·ȰЩˣģţ˿ӰƯϲˣˤС̣ȰȰգ
谴һ۳ӰĽСգգº͵ĵ˵ûУƥܵƤ䲻ˣСƢʤƽʱҲ޷սϣһƤǾҪˣ
С̣˵Щûãζ֪ˣ
ĽЦЦû˵
ܸо˵ĲΣĵ⡣
Ľףս֮϶ѼҪʵԼҲ۶ѣһͳ죬һĶѡ

һӵĴסͣߣĽЦλСѽ¶

ţˣһɲŭɷ
Ӵȴ⣬ЦǺǵĵͷѵѵãӪҲܽ¶Ͳ֪ʵΣǲз
ûһûϽбһۣ
Ц㲻Сඣ¶Ҫս꣬ʱ˵Ƕ
²üҪ죬ԼȥӲ㣡
ЦеĵǱһΣ
۾һ˵ǵǰ㣬һĸˣһҲĸˣÿ֣ʤ
ЦҾ˵ﾫֿԣʲô
Цеĵǰذףǰ
ˣ
·ĽЩΪѣ
ѵãһѹҡҡͷӣ㲻ö˵ѾǰذǱ
·죬ѡ
תͷ΢ЦУΣ
Ľ΢Цпɡ
ºȰοؼʲôҪòЩҲûȡЦ
ĽͷЦЦ

ܿˣȥһһȺ˵ʱЦ׷ߣĿζ
ǡʱʤǹϿһľ䣬Ľڼôĸӡ
ʤ߹顱أİƣУװף̵ǹˣ
Ľӣʱһζ˱ǶףЩˣϹŹ̶Ŷ̵һǹͷɭɭ
ʤмһšӵһΪһǹһȻ󹭲ǰ̡
ˡһǹͷó
ĽȻǹľʣһˣǹüǿʤȻ²ס
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ŤͷУǹꪣ̫ꪷӣǹգ
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ʤҡͷɣûɶҿǹˣҲɵãôˣ
ĽЦЦٶ˵
谵ͷǲһ£иһһԿϷɡ
ٺ٣һ۸˰ʤһŶЦУǵƣ
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Цͷǽһѽϲɺأ
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תͷĽĽͷ𹭼һ˹ң£ͷ
Ľ˿ͷУ󣬿ǳ͸䣡
ãĽӦѼ󵽺棬Ծ

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˵գˣУܵ˶棬Զվסƥһߣһ
·չУϱߵУôһ֧Ǹ֧ģǶԷİУ
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Ľͷʾˣ·𼱣ţҲûʲôˣǰҲòˡ
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Ԥʤеұۣ͵һնܣ
˶ʱߵŸ߶ʮף𽥼٣ȴƱڣǿ䳡ϻص
ҲͬһһӭԳ塣
Ľ󣬲߶ӰԼ˼볬ǰ棬Ľףȥ
顭һ죬һϱ߼У·ҲмС
׾룬ڱ֮£תۼ˽ƾˣһˣէ㳡棬ֱӱ޷
֮ܽʣϲͣ顱顱Ĺǡ
Ľ֣ľˮһϼ飬һ֧һ֧಻ٶ֮죬һ˵ֵˡ
ת۹򣬺жʮ֧⣬еĸ󣬿ǵļ̾У˵ִﱱˡ

תĽĿⶼЩ죬ڿ
ĽЦЦôˣ
¶һĨЦݣСӣز¶
谶ĽһĴָߣǸߣУһֲּͷֳƨƨߵģװǿûܹ
·һɵЦٺٵУУôģˣ̽£
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ʤЦȡЦӣ󣬹ɣ
ʤ˼䣬ЦУ书ȱȥܽͷϽ书
˵գĽ˵һ̶ʧ֮


248 
Ľһѵ䳡۳ң֮ǵ˺Ȳʲѡ
ĽСɵ׼ּѣ˵Уǰ;ңʹСģҲûо΢
ѧ˷Ƽ輫
ӰȷʵۣĬһͷʲôӰܸоõԾ
Ľ֣Щʿǿ׳Զʤһˣʮ󾢶ߡ
Ϸ˵ƾˣӣ˽Ǹ֣ʵ

ĽˣûʵаУ׼ͷʮ㣬Ҳչʾ֮ףӲ䣬ʵΪ
ңûԼıѰҲ˵ξȦҲǿ֣͵ڲزأΪ
ΧЩʿʮ㣬ý磬ƽıʿˣЩǣȻˡ
ң츳ѣ棬Զʤˣ˵С׼ס
·ĵĽһЩϷվ𣬷ͷӼһ㡣
Ľѧϰѧò죬ˤʱղ񹦵֣ˤһʹһЩˣû塣
˿̾׷Ľǣһӣ˲ãܳӲ֡
ɣüЦü
ĽߣΧǵܿ췢һߴ꣬ɫ࣬ԶŨҡ
ĽתͷʣʱʤĴɤ𣺡Уܽϰ
ĽתͷȥʤԱվһߣۣĿߴ󣬾Ĵ
ĽסӰݵǰ㣬ͷϣͣ£ĽһףԼȥ档
ǣʤǰͷ
˳ɨһߣӷһЩľګü͸ų࣬ע䡣
Ľ˼⣬ߵƽ֮ûʲôˣĲ࣬ʦһʦʦҲǣǰľ߹
²⣬ǰߣľ

ʤ۾һɣߵģôף
ĽΪǱմ೾
ĽЦҪƤˤû¶
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۾һ£ͷ̽ץĽָϣĬ졣
Ľֻһ磬˿˿ƴ壬Ǿÿһÿһϸ·𶼱
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߳Ƭ̣ưɡ
úãƺãʤϲæĵͷ
Ľˣס
ߵȳ˴ƤʵФ°빦ǽհɣ
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谵ǾѧɷʵԶ֮ǵڶɡ
ʤĲ谼򣬼С̶ö࣡ǵڶһȭҲǵ˻֮ѧģ
谵еӺܽʵֱڶ

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Ŀӥһɨ˭͵ʽûþȫһۿóȥһޣʹ顣
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ǣĽһִͦǰ
ŽϰĵͷҿСǸӣϧɣ̫ɬǱȻһ£
ǣĽӦһһ£Ѹ⡣

Žϰһƫͷɵıܹˣе̫̫ٿһ
ĽšһĨһ⻡죬ȸղŸһ֡
Žϰһǡǡ⣬̫νӲսѾ
Ľ̤ǰһǰŽϰŤһ࣬
ĽǰƣһƮĵƮƾ磬ȴ
Ľһ˽УУŽϰҲδ¶ƣ̬һһ֮䣬ĽĵȴͣĽ
䣬ʽڣӲ׺ƣݴ׺ŽԽ衣
Ȼǵ·Ҳһм棬졣
֣ŽϰߺһȦ⡣
Ľյ˼ŵĸĽȻʽʩչȴлɡ
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ŽϰдУΣ
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ԶĽܸоɱ⣬ü̫խΪͷҪɱԼ
ʤһСܵ˳ߣӱĳܵĽǰУСĵһķͷҪݺݽѵ㣬ʵڲоʹ䣡
ǡĽͷ
ʤһŸߴǰݹڳߵɻ磡
ɻһ³΢΢һЦͷֵܴͽ̼У
ʤЦŤͷȥ˵˸ǰ

ĽüͷɻǰҲֲ˺ã򣬰ͷƢͽˡ
Ľᶶ˶ȫǲԵ߶ò׺ŽԸ
ɻлƶ֮һȻԶʤǣѷͷ
ɻգ׼ˣŽϰ˦˦ӣߵ
˵ͷŽϰ͵һ˦žһ죬ȵʼ
һХУɻ˹뵶һ˫ָ߾ٳֱ£ƿɽʯ
Ľ˫һšбãӲӲ
ۡһ죬ײڿз䵽ϡ
Ľ鵶һ΢΢һЦˣ
ɻ˫ֿտգĽţκ󣬺Ȼת뿪䳡
Ƿ׷׽ͷӶ˽ĶĽ
ʤЦǰһĽ򣺡СӣСӣ
Žϰҡҡͷһ˦ˣ͵ɢ˰ɣ
˺ȻɢΣΧ
ʤ˳Ľߣ


249 
ʤţЦʹ죬ҲЦҡͷѣʹ
ĽЦͷֻдѣʲôɡ
ʤЦУǲ֪ɻˣ̫ˣʢˣ˭Ҳƫƫмֱ£ʵ˱
ĽЦЦʤҲңһΣʤûôˡ
ʤ򣬴ЦһʮᣬУһ˵ѽ
ĽЦûı£
ʤ֣С̣ӣԺе
Ľվסˣ˫ȥ
ãҲǺֵģ׷ǰĽϡ
ʤһơ
һеƣеƣ죬Ľȵվţһ΢Ц

˿ʼʱֻ˺аҪĽһ£Լ۵࣬δԸ
Уʤ֣ڴߵСӣǺ
Ҳ֣׷ɵϣҡͷ̾ѡ
ĽЦɲԼҲĪ
󲻴󣿡ʤʡ
Ľҡͷƽѡ
ʤǶʲô
ĽǺЦҡҡͷͬ˵Цѣûʮ󾢣һ
ɻҲǸģùʤϣ˼ٴδЦ
ҲˣСģɻСӲصʹУ÷ŵ
ǣ谵ͷëϸ˹ĵƢưոݡ
ʤЦݣϣԴ룬һĴȣУβôˣҪǺݵģԣ
ĽЦա
ʤЦҲʲôʵӣ
ĽǺЦɵϣûˬܾûô۹ˣᣬԭô¡

ڶ峿ĽŴһ䳡ܲ˶ɻ
ĽףЩŤǳأЩƣһζ
ɻףͷ飬Ŀɱɭɭʱɨһ۹
ûгЦɻʤ˱ҳ£䳡ϵд裬ȻʤиûʲôС֡
ʮȦѴ۵Ȼ꣬Ľжף䳡ԱߣѾ
ʤ֪£ӪܽϰݼߣͬСɣڲܵ
ܽϰĽǰһ
´һ̵ۣĵţѧϰƷϰ飬ѧ
ǡĽͷ
һ۽䣬Ȼ󻺻ʩչһƷҡҡλΣƺһֻɽߡ
ֻͣͣʱ伸ʱ̽ժˮʱ׷Ϣ
Ľһۣǰʧ£Ǻܡ
ƣתͷһۣʵˣ
Ľ˼ĵܽϰû壬ղ۾㿴һͷˡ
Ũüһ£ȴû䣬ٿһΡ
ǡĽӦ
ʩչһΣһأĽϸµĶʧ鶯Щ׾ܿʮʽѡ
ɿˣתͷʡ
ĽͷʼʱЩŤΣԺѾӡµĶһһúá
µҪȴϣһԣһ˿Ҳʧһʽһʽѧǵһ˿һС
һ磬Ľû书ȫƷ
ӰܲݣĽų䳡ϣűһ棬ڳߣѧϰƷ

һʱ䣬ʽʱ䣬ϰǹǹ׮Ȼʽǹ
֮УǹѣҲǿ˶ǹȰҺޡ
ǹһǹ׮һֵٳǹƽһʱûʸǹ
ڶܻǹľһ磬ϸ񣬷ʹǹʹֱֻǹ
أʼǹ
ûôི֣ȴҲףƾĽһʮ㣬ֵϱ
ʱ֣ŽϰһֱվĽߣָĵúĽ
ĽףŽϰ˽ģеʦһӣúý̵ɲġ
ɻλ󷽣ĽܸоһɱɭɭĿ⣬ȴ΢΢һЦװ֪
һ죬ĽÿʽڽƷѧɣԺֻúϰɣָ㡣
Ľץʱ䣬һЩ⡣
ĽʣŽϰƷֻʽûбҪ
ҡҡͷʽ׼ȷӡ
Ľʣûķ
һŨüĵֵķ
ĽҼ书ڹķ
µͷѧѧͬķֻʽӡ
Ľü˼ҡҡͷ
µѧѧȻͬһֱˣڡ
ĽܽϰͬΪνȻͬ
¿˿ϷЩһֱ⡣
Ľߴ˵룬ϷΪβڣΪԴͷ⡣
ԴͷĽ˼Ƭ̺Ծ
º¶һ˿Цݣ֪ѵá
Ľ˼ЦЦ˶ԣ֪ȷʵףִȴǲ֪
ڵ֮磬ѧȴܣְض˲֪

¸죬ϷԴһǾһ񣬵вͬ
ڼķôϢ񻯳µ
Ľ˼ͷ
½ŵѧȴԾֻҪʽȻγ
Ľֵͷ
ºȻȻƺԼ˵ˣڰ֣˵Щûʲôãúɡ
˵գת뿪ˡ
ȴ֪⼸仰Ľһ²ǰһ´
ھİ˽⣬Զʤˡ
о֮ΣһԪΪٻΪγ塣
˼ά磬һæ׽סˣǹھתϴ辭˾תϴ辭⣡


250 ǹ
ʽһ仰׽סԽԽתϴ辭֮ġ
˿תϴ辭оˣԭһֱԼˣľߴ·ӡ
˿תϴ辭ӦǾѧֻǲ֪Ϊδ䣬ؼҲǾˡ
ȻһüͷҲԣһߣתϴ辭ûʽߣǾѧתϴ辭Ӧòѧڲǡ
ʥѩ񽿣ķ־ѧӦòǾ似

˰ΣԻԲٶ룬˵תϴ辭շ
ļ죬ֻһʱ䣬ȻѳӰſԼ䳡棬һƷ
ûķкܶҪ죬ؼ侫ض飬ߺìܣ飬еľϣûܵˣ
ڣԺȥ԰ʶܣǿųر׾·ҡҡλΣѸ飬ǿҡ
ǵö԰УһΧڣοվڸߴӸ¸Ƕϲ㽶֮࣬׸ܳԣ
Щ˫֧أĽסѸ٣䱿صνȻͬ
·죬ɣǾ
ʱƷʱ𵱳׼Ħ
Ʒڣ˳ˣϰʱͻ죬ֲסȴһһ磬һ㲻Ъ
һһ飬ǿޱȣ֧רעУÿһã֤Чʡ
Ʒһʱĵ֮ǹ׮
־һ˳ǹĳǹһʱţһĳǹԽԽأǧ
һûܼסʱʹ屻ղԶⳣˣ޷֣ûʹ־
ڶ죬ǿһЩְСʱ죬ָãԼǿһЩҪ
ǹ׮Ĳþһǹëͷ϶ţϿţ켸ҹû⣬ƽȴɣ㣬ǲþ
ʹɾƾ壬վʱһûС

һվһ˼ŽϰʱĻ
ѧϰʱһȱ㡪š
뺹ˮܽĻƽƽѧϰʶҪԼ򣬲Żᷢ˻֮ȷ
Ľ֪˵ԺӡŽϰĻһһϸĦÿһֶŹ
ÿĥһ飬мǹ֮ãؼþýǹ˺һǹҪж䣬۾Ƥܸܿо
Ψ㾳أܿʼǹ򣬼ʹǹҲƤëޣࡣ
ŽϰǹƳ籸֮Ϊٱ֮ףУȡϽ׼̽ȡΨǹд
Ľһֱףǹôж䣬۾Ƥһվǹ׮һϸᣬעǹϣ϶Ϊһ
ʱһҪ˽һ֣׺ƣٵ׺Ž˽һ
ǹ䳤һЩԭһרעǹϣ꣬벻һֱעϣ롣
㣬˲ܣԳöþ׷ܣ޷ȫԦǳܡ
Ľܳʱרעһ
רעһ񣬼ʹЩ޳վõĸɮǣҲѼֶã붨ʱãһֱרעһǻȻһζѡ
ĽĿţǿޱȣܳʱרעһίʵˡ
ĹǱ磬磬˿ΨӦ﷽
ƽ˳ǹ΢۾ĿһߣǹϣͬʱԺһǹ
һ˳ǹУ⻪תȻǹϵĳǹϣߺ϶Ϊһ
ɽʱķӣ˽һƷ࣬ϳˡ
ʱӦóģһһ˳ǹƳϳǹϣֱĪһ̣һæͣס˼רעϳǹ

ɽţҵһɹ
ؼһĶã֮ǿᣬȱһɣһĶõ˲٣ǿҲ٣һ㣬ȴֺ֮
ģʱţԼΧһУΨǹֻ֮ʣǹ
Χַ֣ǳед裬еͷеϷ˵
һУרעȥͨͨԽԽ죬ڶߺȥΧ֡
УѪǹУǹȻˮ齻ڣȻһ塣
ϺȻһᣬǹƺһʧӯ𣬸оĲǹԼ֡
΢΢һЦ֪ıְ㾳缫ѵãľʱ
ǹΪһ壬ʹǹ˵Ľϸܡ
ģʱţɫĽԾǹһΪһ
Щ죬ʱɨһ۹
ƽ˳ǹһ磬ЩͬѰǹ֮С
ŽϰһֱվĽߣʤæڰ֣ʾ뿪Ҫ
ʤ˿Ľ¶Ľɫת뿪ˡ
ĺɫӿΧð䳡ϣֻĽվţһŽϰվߣҲһ
ĽǹУ˻ΪһǹǹԼԼǹ
ǹˣеıײȥеĴСӹתһȦȻ뿪Ƥĺӡ
ǹ΢ɲ죬·Ϸϲֳļ䡣
죬ޣëţоõǹϵĸоԼƤĸоһʱ޷ˡ
֪˶ãΧһƬڣϰϰУԶһɢշǵ㡣

ˣŽϰ
Ľתͷȥһ񣺡ϰ
Žϰվҹ˫۾Цŵͷˣ쿪ʼҴǹ
ǡĽӦ
ϳǹѪ֮УΪ
ǹֻУáǧ򻯣Բڣǹþ
ڶ磬̫ˣŽϰĽĳǹһ˵
˵գһʱ䣬Ľɨ
ĽᵶһնҪ񿪣סŻһ죬ǹɢȥǹײһ
Ľһǹȴһâٿĵǰ磬æһ
ں֮ʣǹ⻯Ϊһ㺮âֵϡ
ѾˡŽϰ䶢˫ӥ
ĽЦȴɣǹ硣
Žϰǹ澢ߣ辢У㲻Ǵǹ֮Ҳ
Ľͷѣ˫ɣԾԦ磬ŽϰһУʱϡ


251 
ھݣޱȣ䣬ɲݷǹϣȻͬ
æϰ
ãŽϰһ䣬ǹ⻯Ϊһ㺮â˲䵽üģǹֱߣѸ
Ľһʣסǹͷסʹ޷
룬ǹٿһѸڻʱգһ
ƿأĽæ˳ǰһȥ˳ƳǰҪ
ǹһɨΪĽֻһƺˡ

˵ǹһţĽ·磬ƾӡն̡ӵ쾡£޷ıơ
Žϰǹʵ޻ռһıˣƾĽʹ֮⣬
ãƣǡô
Դ˰ΣŽϰȻһ٣һסǻǹõ
ĽæͷűŽϰռƣһ簫һգǰʱṦû̫ں̣ȴɰܡ
ִǹŽϰղŵз˼£˼ƣ磬ǹӲӡ
գ֪һ£»ˮŽϰֵֻѣ֮ˣ졣
Ľһǹ֣Ѫĸоٴθ֣΢΢һЦϰ롪
СˣŽϰһһ֣ݲǰ˫־ٵֱ
һǧ硣
Ľľˮǹ綴˹ȥ
ǹΪΧһĽĽֻƷ飬Եǹ
ĽһǹǹϵİԵŽϰ¶ɫֹ
Ľǹӣ򼷻䵲棬ǹԵŬ⣬Ծһ顣
ŽϰЦӵƲɵĽ֮£ֻʹǹ˳ĹӰ

˺ֿܿŽϰЦСӣСϧǹңƾҸʤˣ
ĽЦϰ书տǲ硣
ŽϰҡͷЦǾеѧ츳Ҫռ˱ˣúɣܿΪһԱͽ
ڰ֣תȥˣĽ䳡ϳΣƽǹ׮
ãԼ򲻹ܻȥǹķ̫;Ӧоϡ
ϣڶǹϡ
ӣƽ糿ܲԹ緹һӰһ飬ȻƷ
ʱ֣һʱһʱǹǹվһǹϵ
ԽоȤ԰Ρ
ŽϰĴڣǹΪһѧǹˮɣܿգʽҪؼǻѵ
ʱ֣˶Ъ֮ŽϰĽ˶ǹһν֮
ǹӦԷľȻ룬ڻˣէһӴԷıֱ˳֮һпɽ⡣
ǹ֮ٱ֮ǿᣬȣһСһ
֮Уǹʮ꣬ҲѴﵽҪ
Ľ˼죬ȻӦΧǹԼͬǲǹ׮ֻһʽǰ
˵ǿʼϰǹÿ˶һˣݺһǧΣ
ˣǹģֻԼһ
ǹʽվǹ׮Žϰԡ
һϣŽϰǹ˾죬ƻ񣬿ƹ⣬ů
⼸Щˣ븸ĸɩв׺ɽʦʦʦǡ
ÿ깦ù¼ţһ񣬿ʤˣů¼ʧ٣˵˵ЦЦ

ʤϣüͷڿһ飬æ飬һ
ĽЦʤŴֺˣƫƫһ飬ǳҩһӲſ
ڲСϸǳǸˣרע֮Ųš
дţǴЦ
·ϣһö廨룬רעŻ
ʤһĽĺߵУСӺøܵŽϰǹѧô
ԶĽҡͷЦʵͷôﶼǹֻһʽ
ߣŽϰ̣ʲôʤĺߵ
̧ͷأ죬ûͨԴֻѧһС
У·廨ӣٺЦͨصģǵһ
ûˣĽɻ
谷±ʣ󣺡УҪ򣬡ǹһо͹ã
ĽüΪǹĲ٣ӪֻԼһˡ
ʤУǹǽѧģֻСǱ£
·ЦѧǹҪģ
ĽЦҡͷľͰŪһˮϴš
ʤҪǸٱ¸ߵģսϣãø죡УҪƷǲǱģ
谵ͷ齱ߣ֣صƷʽǿ׳սϸ׻
·æͷѽѽУ˷Ʒģ
ãĽͷ⼸ƷȷʵЩ

ŷƷ˿˿֫庡ת˿ƣ΢ȴʵڡ
һֻ΢ɲ죬о񣬶ѷ
˿ʽȻС
һϸĹ۲죬Ūףÿһʽת֣ؾתÿһζ
㣬񺣣ÿһǺߡ
ѧҲ㣬ǺӣЩֻźߣС
ֱĲͬ
ÿУŪ岢ѣֻһţȷΪһЩС
˾תϴ辭ĿܣմȥŪ嶯ĹϵͿתϴ辭
һķƣһǹ׮Žϰǹ죬ԾԽ鼫
Žϰ̵𾢶ĽѧҲ棬֪УʱţѾȥһ¡
һĽģ䣬͸һɳʣһͷһ㣬߶أÿһȥ֮Ƽء
һĶãǹʱ䣬ȫעʱ䣬ÿʱÿ̶ƷʹҲĵ״Ħ
Ʒ붯У·߷·𶼹ע˫ţϥ΢΢ӯ
һһܵĳ飬ζʮ㡣
һ̧֣һ㣬ܣƷʱ죬Ľ庡ӿԽԽ࣬оڵ֮ơ
һֱٳٲۣ񻹲ֻתȴꡣ
һƷԽ죬ϰ֮ʣʽתȪ
ǰʱڹķֻܾתԼھУȴͬתѪⱻţ׳š
һ˼֣һ͵͵һ£˳ǹ

һ磬ƷʱͷһؽڲӴѪϡ
ι󣬺ȻһɣѪָԭͬ۾ԼһȦƤԽӨ
¶Цݣû뵽ղ񹦺ȻˣѾͻ˵Ĳ㣬㡪Ĥ
Ľϻ˯ǰҪһʱķƷʤЩģһ±Ļܲס
Ľл˵Ĺģůġ
ϣŽϰǹĽһ˾վţ˼˰ΣȻǹߡ
Ȼͣסӣ۾΢Ц㣿
ɻĽ΢Цңû뵽ɣǻ㣿
ĽܵľŸˣҡͷ
⼸˽׳վɻԣȺǹ£ŰӣбĽ
ɻЦһºǹ
˵գǴӱҲǹǹͷ¹һ㺮⡣
Ľһüͷɨһɻ¶һ˿΢Цɱң
кβңɻЦеģһΧЦһ±ˣûʲôˣ˭㺰ԩԣգǧ򲻸ã㲻̫ͷ


252 ݴ
˵ŻŸ󺺻ΧЦɱȻ
Ľ̾˿ҡͷӺɷ򣬳ͷɳӮãΪˣҫɱлȡȴͬΪˣʵڲǴܵʿ
ˣ̾ǼλдǵȰ裬ΪŰ
Сס죡һȵѹߵһδɵĳСӣ¸˵Щ
ĽһЦˣ飬λҲܺù
ٺ٣ģǻ֪˻Ϊӱأɻ򢣬ζĿ
Ľ̾ˣǾͶְգ

˵򣬾ŸɰΧǹɭǹңָˮ¹ǵӣɱ˫۱䣬翴һ
Ľæһ֣ţ
ɻ򢣬Цĵʲôԣ˵
Ľɻɸһս
ɻüЦСӣ㻹ΪԼ¾ˣˣֻǸˣ
ĽЦЦɵˣһ˾ûս⵨ӣɳҪû
ȻЦЦ
ס죡ɻһЦʧһɶҧ˫۷ź⣺ͺ¿Ҫܣã
ĽЦףĪ˵ˣˣ
ͨڣһڵɻĽɣɹŭ
ɻϵһӳĽһۣСͨ籨ţ˹أ
ɻһ漴һͷСӣһģߣ㣡ٺ٣ҵһôɵ
ĽɨһǷӣһģŲˣϧ˲ò࣬ҡͷ
ǴҲҡͷСУҲˣʲôˣɣʹ죡
ĽЦһû뵽þӣ࣬кͬţ
ЦΪǾɳɱӲᱻĽ⼸仰˵
λֵܣְգҹζ࣡ɻһ֡

ɱȣͦǹʮâ̴˷ݲܡ
Ľһǹһó̤ǰһ
ཻУվȦ⣬ĸ˳ǹѾ˳ȥԶԶڻϡ
֣д󺺴ȣʧȥǹģϳ䳤µıҪ̱ӡ
Ľһӿǹ֮ԭеѧϣ죬ѵǹı֣͸仯ɼԦ硣
ǹһǧ׺ݵһɨĸæӵֵ֡
ҲƲԵ˺󣬿ܹ
Ľ͵һţм䣬ǹתǹ⻮ɫԲ
Ŷӣҽŵ¡
ĽɫҲˣתɻˡ
ͬ״һ£ϸıΣɻм䣬˳κӦǹ
塪ɻһβ˽棬ǹ𣬽ˣȴɭɭɱʮӭ
Ľףɳƣɱ˲еơ
Ľ΢΢һЦĶֲ˼һӭȥǹóֻɻһˡ
ԱǹɻǰǹĽңסܵĿռ䡣
ĽǹһγһĻǹϣԱǹһתߡ
ź£һĺӡ
ɱɻ£ʱۣ˻ȣ׷Ľ
ĽʮƺҪӳ˵İΧ󺺸ɻߣ׷ᡣ
Ľ²죬ܱܣɻ˴ϲԽ׷Խһǹ֮ҪǹǰȻâһ㣬漴һۡ

Ľ֮ʣ泯ǰǹȴٿ̳綾߳Ľ֪Ļǹ
ִʱ򣬵壬ͶһлǹܸȤԼҲǹ븴ƴС
ɻźʵָ
һ£Ųٻ
Ľͣס΢ЦĿȴ䶢ˡ
˶һۣԽɣһ˳²Ϊ˰ɣ
һ˫ͨ죬ҧгݣɱͺ¿ĳĲΪˣҪߣԼ
ͷ˰ɡһ󺺵
ͷתų򣡡
ͷɱģȥǴͷ
һ󺺵ȰǰͷɱСǹˣӱʮ겻
ǹԼϣͷһĭڵϣЦбת׿ǹ𳤵Ľ
Ľվţ˫־ٵԶʱͷһǹ綾ߴڳٿһ´̳ٿһջأڻá
ͷסĽԹ졣
Ǻॡأһ죬顱Ҳŵأ½ţ󲻶ˡ
УУʤɤ𣬽ŲҴҶʮ˴ӺڰгȻͣס˽Ųϵξסˡ
Ľ΢ЦͷС̣ӣˡ
ʤ󲽱ǰ´һۣһתͷģĲǸ
һͷͷͷô
ʤЦǲǸɻһģסǣУ
ͷæҡͷͷɱԩˣûӰ¶֪ᷢ¶
ʤЦݺݵһۣŤͷУû˰ɣ
ĽҡͷЦһҾ׶༪٣
ߵɻǰʳָյǿǰҡͷˣ
谴վҲҡͷҲˣ
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Ӽˣ첻ĽĽײؿڣײɣһˣ̤ĺǰ
ĺһȭ
ءһУȭͷ·ɢŵâǰ
ĽƵסȭͷɫ΢䣬ʱҡμȦ粻̣˫Ĵ磬ȵȭ

û뵽һȭǿᣬӿɽϮͨҡΣƿӽסˮμۣȥȻɢڽ¡
ĺٴŭһȭͷɢâֳ˹
Ľܿһ£Ʊ׾ȴݡ
ĺһҧʯ٣ܡ
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Ľϵԭߵӣǿ֮ĺû飬ˡ
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Ľվǰһ¡
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Ľ̤ԣվǰӸ¸ӣ΢Ц
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ĽЦݱҡҡͷתɨһΧˣ̤ԣԼӡ
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ĺŵϣ£ߵҲǺˣǿˣ


255 
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Թ˷ĨһǣھӪһ㽲ֻĨĨˡ
̧ͷĺĺ۾ɣ
ĽЦЦΣ
ĺһһ˦ӣô˵գǣϴˣҸýһ磡
ĽЦҡͷҲϲ˻硣

ĺü׹䣬Ҫ̴һ㡣
Ľлˣˡ
ĺһûĻֻ
Ľ¿ߡ
ĺ۾ֱĿ¿ߣ˿ǰһ粢סſڣĽ
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СףýҶ磡Ǵ磡ĺһָĽ
磬ŲС״ʡ
ĺߵǴ磬ôţôţ˭ܹܣÿ
ðɡС׺ߵݺݵһĽ˺һվſڣѹĽ
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˵գ̤ӣԺģˬһƣһ
֮ʣĿЩ֣˷ܣмʡ
ĽͨǣԺһȦһȦߣ˼άתŸղ֮¡
ףĺΪԼΪ磬ľΡ
Լˣʵ磬һǿ̮ҪѹסˣҪؽϣһɱԼӵڶԼĴ
һһ֮£֮ϣҪʵ
Ľҡͷ΢ЦĺһζᣬˣȨҲľͨǲС˰

ȭӦ뻢йأȭ֮ζһͻԼֻܿˣһֱѹסƣȭ
ܵϴȷʵ书ǿᣬȭͷеĹâȻȭһΡ
ķƷһΣҲ㣬ֻȴûбġ
һӣȻһƧطʼƷＫ棬󣬾ʲôģ
þֻ壬ԤǴɣܽϰѾ
磬ѾʱȻһȣգգտڣ
ĽһæƣӦڣ
Զȡ
Ľ˳˴ſڣ׳վǰ´ǰһʣգ
Ľͷǡ
ţ½˰ɣʡ
Ľͷ󺺶һۣ
˵գţĽһ£ͨ
н䱸ıԼĸп˿
пѣСǺŹܷųĵӣѰһﷸ˾棬ȹʮ˵
Ľһû뿪ת˿ԺˣǸĴ
ǶûʲôܶŹһЩ͵ˣѵġ
İ£ٵ߰죬ųȥ
̤˴š
վʿĸһɫ磬λεؼףվ̨£Ľ
գһʣ࣬ɾ䡣
Ľͷǡ
߰ɣȥã󺺳תߡ
ƲվĽ˰м䣬ȥ

ܿһСԺдšá֣󣬶ƽͣɱ
ĽŴǽ룬еá
Ĵźֱдšϡ֣ɷ裬ǧ
°һ鰸һˣЦݿ䣬üĿ˾
ҷְһŰֱһˣߣֽʣĿĽ
Ľ˾´һۣͷЦܺúõģ
ĽлĹġ
˾ڰ֣΢Цգɱˣѵˡ
һɫȥµдһΣʮˣȥɣȥúѵ
Ľһת뿪ˡ
תת񣬻ʤЪϢ׼緹Ǿϲ
СӣôͻʤЦǰĽ´һۣãã
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Ľ˼棬гưԵģһǱˣûб·
Уܵû۸ɣ·еʡ
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Ľ˼ĵͷ˿кޣԼһΪϳˡ
ǰһֱģûǿ޷ӣ˾ӪΪߣһֱ͵С
Լ̫СˣʵѾˡ

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У˵˵ôеģʤæʡ
ĽϣЦ˵ˣʤһģúݣ
üҲҡҡͷΨ·ٺЦʮȷʵͦģУ㵹ù
Ľ֪ȴЩæʾ
Ų渵Ľס
ϵͳһǰǣһȹǰͷǣɱศɡ
һΣǵһȹʮɱʮˡ
ҪȵһΣɱʮˣֹ֮ܵǰԶֻСˡ
ĽԿЦΪûʲô£ȴ׺ݡ
ڲɱ֮ͬ£ʹģһѰʿһӵıҲ޷һȹ
ҡҡͷУһӱˣ
·ЦУҪôɱʮС˼ûʲôˣҪȻҵʱּ㣡
ӣ˵Щûõģʤûһۣͷü˼
·æͷٺЦЦٶ˵
ĽЦЦǶģоùðȨһ£Ҳˡ


256 ͻ
ʤڰ֣üͷסŶ˵˵룡룡ʲô
ҡҡͷͷ°׷Ѿֻһӣ
ԣ£ûܸģξҲֻܸɵۣ谵ͷЦȻܵܽȥ
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ЦĽУҪֻܶɱˣ
˵ɣʤûĵһۣӪǼҿģ˵λ֪ν

һ˲ˣͷ룬û뵽ʲô
ʤߵһﲻõĶУµˣھһ˼úѵܽǹˣսɱ׼ʮһܴ
Ǿǣ·ɵЦŸͣУǹҿĽҪģ
ĽЦЦůԼá
νãǵõʲôʲô湦ѧϺˣ֮ܵԡ
ʤͲˣȴģˣĻ⣬ЩĻ֮ˡ
ĽЦǣͷúѵɱˣûʲô˵ģصġ
ɲٷˣɲģ˾ǸЦ滢˽ʤ
ĽЦŵͷʾס
˵һȥԷ緹ЪһЪȥ䳡ϣĽĳǹ쳣
ٴųǹˮ齻ڵĸоԳǹмԲ磬С
Žϰֻǵͷָ˵ĵ
ĽܸоĹУԼɵӣڱڱûʲô
Ľ֪ҲһֱԼٳЩͷǴＵʣ
ԹĽǹһֱڣ

һĺڣβҲڣϣʤ˵Ȼ졣
һ٣ĺվȭ֣ǺЦùֲù
д磡һƣС׺ס
СײԸƲƲ죬һͬʱ磡
Ľ΢Ц֣ҵĺǸѼϼܣһ±ɲҵ
ĺһ֣ӪʵΪ书߹ǣǾ磡±±ǲܡ
ĽЦЦǹʤͷû˵˵˴Ϣգ
ʤһЦаУƲСӿģؼʱһ
ĽСӣҡͷЦ
һֱ͵£ΣѰҲᣬͣû뵽ͷȴġ
·ɵЦһʮУУ
ƳƳͷԼ˸䲻࣬Ҳϳ˵ĺý
ЦЦΪԵãΨԼǸɫûС
ʤЦУ϶ķ䣬ӮҲҪϣҿʹӦ˰ɣֵΪѣ
ĽҡͷЦҿɲ뵱ʲô硣
ʤЦ˽ƺǰ͸һУΣ
ĽҪܾĺæͷҪãǰҽаɣƽʱ硣
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ĺʹĴӦãô
Ľһתͷɫ磬ȥɡ
ĺȭʤǸǣȻ뿪
ĽĿ뿪ҡͷѡ

һ뿪ʤ˹Ľ򣺡ѽУ˲ã˲ѽ
Ľһб磬ܹģЦһܣѶΪ֮ʲô˲á
ʤЦ㾹۷ĺ˲ã
谵ͷǰУҪ֪ĺĿһУ书ǿʲôҲģǶξҲûޣ
ĽҡҡͷΪȻ
ʤ򣬵ɴ۾һ򲻷˵ĺ磬ѽ㣬ɵӦ
ĽЦЦûȻ˵磬ɲǺ£ĺǻ˴磬͵ƨɡ
˳ˣĺһУ˷ܣ־ѿڴӦľˮԶۻ֪û¶
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ʤҡͷѣУңʹӦˣĺ˰ԵҲӪңǶξСӣ
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ĽͷĺԵǰԵʲô£ĳæ˲˵һûһû
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۷׷ף˷ܣһ˯¡
죬ûĺ֮ܿԺרע书Ʒǹռʱ䡣
Ʒʮ磬䳡յûˣңǶܻųԷǰĹЪһЪ
䳡ߣֻĽһƷҪƣ״
һһ磬죬
ǰʱپҲڳ棬ǿᣬһ۲ţ
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ʱҪƣȻһȻ

ƽʱƺỺɢȥԽĽ׳
죬֮󣬹ûƽϢÿֱײԽԽࡣ
ĽһɣſʼʩչƷ
Щķͬ޷ֻԶ
ʩչʼ򣬲ôҴڶңڲͣӡ
ĽĶӿ죬ɻѸݣ˺ֻһƬӰӶΣӰ
֮ӿ죬࣬˺罭ӡ
䡭ԺһըףǰڣݺҹС
һƬУȻ㣬纮˸漴ȥǰٴλָ
ĬȻһ죬ɫ΢ϲžѨ֮
˾磬ϸѨʼһɢȥ
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˶֣һӷƷһʱֻ֣Ա򶷡
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ȴͬѨܹ洢֮ʣʵȻһء
Ľͷ죬е̫۾˷ܣһƷš
£ϵĺˬĺá
ĬӣЩѨͬķʱѨͬ
ķʱ洢ڵд洢ȴͬǴڸѨɢ
߱ȽϣƷݼ֣һֱ֣ӴӸѨӿΪݣʤӵ
ԣǿᣬ߶Ѹݣ𵹲

˼ղǰڣмź˸ʲôֱ϶żȻ
к̫٣޷Ʋ⡣
ٴƷʱŶƺƵ罭ӣǧ
һΣǰȻͬʽ֮ȣ̲סҪ쳤Хǿҵƻ
ʱһɴһȥԻκζ
仯ܣʵǿԼ˼֡
΢۾ƺе⻪Ȼͣ£һ£ȷʵŵ⻨ƤƵĵƹ⻪ע⣬׺ӡ
ƹâ֮£ƺþӨ͸һ񣬵ΪɫԵʲעҲᷢ
ÿһֶ书вͬ࣬ûʲôĺ֣ȭͷ˸âҲһ㡣
ӿ죬ٶȼӿ졣
һ£ʽ죬Ҳ죬ÿһΣһ̶䣬ͬʱ䣬飬Ȼ˫
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Ȼһ飬һҲĹ֧ͬƷֻ֧һ飬һԿ
ĽͬȱĲʱ䣬ղ񹦴ǿޱȣǿ֧ʮ顣


257 
΢̣磬ӰӰȴƫƫ͸һɳضζ
˰ΣĽͣסƵѨɢǱΡ
һ˺ѷǳ
Գ֮ޣϡļڣΪ书ɱΡ
ĽоһļҲƽϢѨˮƽ޲ѷڡ
Ѩ·ӯ֣ȥȴԾأΪԸ֮̾

ǹʱھĸӦŽϰǹʱŽϰоĲۣͬʣѨˣ
ĽͷϣŽϰͷţԲýǹˡ
ǹĽȻ
Žϰû֧ţҲֻܽƣǿƣҴǹ
ϰǹҪõĽʡ
ǡŽϰͷǿǹķƷʤһ
Ľϲæȭϰң
ҽֻһСŽϰǹһơ
ƶ׷Ƕף˫ϥڿۣҪԾǹ⣬ǹˣѳǹϣ˫ƱշǱգһ죬ǹ
ĽԺ˰ΣŽϰȴһ
ιŽϰһǹݳջأٴ̳ջأٴ̳һαһο졣
֮͡͡͡Хǹƴ²
ĽſȻǳԼ̣ȴ׵֮У̲סܿ
Žϰջسǹתɿˣ
Ľϰ׮
ŽϰͷǷ׮պԼᣬ
ĽԽźһ룬Ȼڰ֣˫ϥ΢΢ڿۣԲͦԲ˫ֶǹ

ŽϰĵͷĽѧϰʽѧ̬Ŀ죬Ժļ䣬ܿںơ
ƼˣƬ̣˫΢ᣬ֮УѪ٣ӿ졣
ǿᣬѪʢʱڣϸ壬پӿȪȪðȪˮ
ʱţ˫ԽԽᣬҪվסӿȪðԽԽŨڽȼȴ
ӿȪðԽԽȪ۱ӿڣ˫ˮ˵ͬʱ˫飬Ϊܡ
һһܣˮ죬еζʵᡣ
ŽϰȻգˣưɣҪѭ򽥽ܼԼ
Ľƣǹ̳һ̣˫ȼȻɹȥ绯ΪһӴϣֱӿǹ
ͣͣͣХ
ֻǹرᣬһƬë
ջسǹӳǹأѨ
ĽǹĬ˼Ƭ̣̾ǹ
Žϰͷţȷʵһʽ׮ѧ߰˳ɣԽԽ
Ľһ񣺡лϰ
ȾѧǾӵƽѧŽϰԼĪĶ顣
Žϰڰ֣ҼҴķǹһʮʽ㡣
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ŽϰЦûʲôʵģûӣֻһŮûӣȻǹʧҸ˴ȥ
Ľ̾Ϣһô˶ء
Ҵľѧǿᣬ˵̫ܳ͸һµĹԾеһѧ
̫ԣʹ֮һأھдڣǴڵӣǴڶӣӣ⴫ﲻӪ
֮ܿ꣬У˥䣬ܶѧջأҴѾࡣ
û뵽Լ֮ãܵôѧ

Žϰǹⲽ̾һЩһֱҸˣǹȥһҲڣǹʧ
ĽϰγԣᣬΪ
֮˭˵壬ҪǰһŽϰҡҡͷϧʮ꣬ûһۡ
ĽĬȻýӻ
ŽϰתЦգܲԼȸߣҲãҷǹѴˣ
Ľǵӵң
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ˡŽϰڰ֣ҲˣշһŮѾӣ
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ǡĽӦ
ŽϰԶʧҹɫУĽ˼Ÿղŵǹ˷ܣû뵽ǹ
ܳӲԾӣԳƷתԲ׮򣬻һñܻ䡣
ϸԱȣо׮ʤһƿԼӿٶȣһ˵һָˡ
ܽĿǰ˵ܣ׮ԾȴԶƶ߲ͬ
ãķʽҲͬӿȪѨӺδأ
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ڣĺʤ˹Ц֪˵ʲô
ĽͣסЦʤЦУĺֵܵһˣ
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ĽͷֻæԼģǹ

ι󣬴æ꣬ĺУǷż٣ȥһΣ
Ľüëһʤ
ʤЦУֻͷ֪¶ͽļȫŷżһ죬ȥǺúˣ
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ĺæУгڣ֮ҲһЪһЪ첻ҵ򵼣ģȥЩ̻֮أ
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˵գߣĽһ㡣
ĽˣҡͷͷһСģ
ʤһۣߵ¶࣬İգûʲô鷳˵ôãҲóȥɷһҽţСĻϣ
谵ͷҿСģ̫ˣһСǣ
ʤһۣ
Ľ谶һۣҡͷЦͷˣˬһۣʲôϵ
ʤĺΪͶԵ£˵ĺĻûá


258 
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ȣǹǿƷȴҲܺԣڹһ㣬ǹҲϾר
һϸʱ䣬Ʒǹڣ
һһͬʱڣһǿһЩЧʸһЩپȡᡣ
ҡͷЦ书һףԼ߼ãǿˣνҸĿա
ĺԼˣҲǸ鷳

˼ӿһϥһӡܿ붨վУȪУԡ
ʤףĽȴνѸٽվС
ڹվУ˯߸Чƣ岻ǿϴ跥ë֮
ǰʱ򣬹վָЧֻҪд棬ָܻ죬ǿûǰ
ӣǿ֮ЧҲǿһЩȻϸ΢ÿ춼ǿһջۣҲˡ
ڶ峿Ľˬ΢ףгǹһվ׮
ӿȪ·ЩԴԽ´أĽһվ׮һ˼ԺδĴӴӿ
أһ磬һ磬ӦԼơ
˫£ɽأѪҺˮӵѨ󣬹һǬ硣
˵磬صģ˫ţӿȪӿȪͨ磬Ѳɣǵ֮
Ժ˼岻Ǿѧ֮ֻҪȷ¹ʲôȻת
ⲻɣϣȱ㣬Ҳŵ㣬޶֮˶ԣ
ʤ˼ˣֵĴۣҡҡͷû˵֪Ȼ֣ѧı͸Լͬ
·̲סʣУʲô򣿡
Ľ΢ײǹ׮ǹġ
ޡ·ٶʣǹţһ˵ǹûǵ¶ˣҲʣͽԼۺ졣

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ĽЦЦһʱֹסҡͷĶ
ʤߵ˵Сӣǲѽǹ꣬ҲûţСӵã칦ˣҲֲɻҪɱ㣬Ҳ޵أ
˶ʷӢţ
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С̣ܼס䡣
ʤߵ֮СӾͲˣǸ
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ʤһɣٴ
谺ǺЦͷǻﵹҲ˼ȫӪɵģ
˭ɵѽ·ʡ
˵Ŀ⣬·æңͷɵ˵乫
ʤЦðɣ˵乫С˵û
·һ壬ȥ谹ֽһ˳ȥ·׷ᣬ׷ųȥˡ
ʤЦҡͷߵǰһ򣺡Ҳ߰ɣõط
պŵľϻƽ£ʤȥˡ
һȥԷʤǸæģʤı·廨ףдš
Ľǰվ׮һƬʱʤ졣
ִ˲ƣ˵Ϊ׼õ˽֪̫ˣΣҲҪһ顣
˰зЦȴһȻ״Ķʤȥܿġ
ĽпʤǸˣҲԣţ׳嶯Ըֻͽǽ

ĺýǺЦУͷС̣ӣ̫ϸˣ߰ɣ
ʤ飬Թĺֵܣô죬ϳ
ףҲ±ʣ·廨ӣĽƣǹ졣
ĺǹ
ĽҲȻʵϵ÷ǹ
ŽϰҴķǹ֪ܲ㾹˷ǹĺ̾û뵽û뵽ǹдˣ
Ľǹ
Ȼĺϧҵѧǹϧ򲻵ǹ˺һŽϰϳˣ
ǹΣʤæʡ
ĺǿˣ׶ǿ˭Ҳ֪Žϰ˿ʮ˽֮һôǹ֮żҾ˥ˣŽϰҲֻһϰɽˡ
ôǹûʲôʤʧĵ
ĺҡҡͷǿɲǣż˥䣬йϵھвܵҪְְֻܸ
ԹԣϺͿ˰ɣʤеһΪȻ
ĺҽż˿Ƴ籸˵ĿԶıԶǣ˲Ҳǲ֪ɣŽϰܽϰǸӣ
ǾǸӣʤһţϸ룬е˶ǽϰ书úܣ
ĺͷŽϰ֪ܽϰǸɲ⣬ԣǧǽϰ
ǷǹҲ·һͷˮûףֱʵ
ˣĺ
Ľʣ˵ϰһŮ
Ŷѽĺ¶Ź飬ҡͷ˿ǲã
ĽȤЦô£
ĺҲ֪ĸʦ书ǿƢãʹˣҲùһΡ
Ǻܴܲʤæʡ
е书ǹǺĺҡҡͷ
Ľͷ˼ֲŽϰԼշ书鷳ɡ
Ȩʱ书ǿĽ˵㣬̾ϢԼһõϽܻ֮ˡ

뿪ӪǰȡһСľƣȻһ뿪Ӫǰǡ
ţǲʱϾˣѰ·ƲͬңӪľˣϹɳɱ˵ģϵҲͬɷݣģ¡
Ľü·һ岦ˣ鲻ƣݺݵĺһۡ
Ľ¿Цĺǻı¹ȻСΣյͷ˳˵ͷ
Ѿһξ棬һȹɱʮ֣˵Ӫ⶷ŹûʲôһЩ⡣
Ťͷĺÿδܣôģ
ˣС¶ؼˣֻҪ෣Щĺڰ֣ں
Ľһ


259 ͻ
ЦЦԵãһ·ϣ˶ٳˣ
ĺһЦԺĵЩһСǼʹʲôɼǺ޵ģ
ʤŹЦǣˣ˾ǣһֱţԼˣ
Ľ˿ˣҡҡͷ˶ػҲûʲôˡ
ϧԶ䣬̫֮أһСԹݱѪ𣬲ܲ
ĺͷһף
ðȥƽ¥ʤЦϲʤ

ƽ¥ǰ
¥ƣ߸ߵڿƮǵ˶ܿƺܷŰơ
磬ûĳԷʱ䣬ƽ¥ַǷĪǴٹˡ
Ǽվ¥ǰƵ¥һȣԵСϡ
ĪǸˣǿˣ²ͣȴͶĿ⣬߸ϣ΢ҡͷ
Ľɨһۣ֪ǶԲҲԷһپܳˡ
Ľҡͷ˵ľ˵λߣ֮ݾЩ˵УǲԶ
˵ľøߣһǿľˣߺĹԱһ˸ԣĸǲԶ
̵ģۿ˵ͣʤ˵񣬷߷һ䡣
ǣԵˣǵֵûǣƨ⣿ĺߵ
漴Цͷ¸Щǳ֮һʶǽȥ٣ˣﾡĳԣԲʹ죬ǿң
ʤһ˿ܣԹԣĺֵܣɹҪǸɡ
ĺһ֣ҡͷˣһٷһٺ»ˣԣǾһʹ죡
Ǻã´룡ʤһİƣתͷУǽȥɣ
ĽͷûзԣҲûʡ
˺ܿһ޳еЩ˸ӣ֣棬͹ʮ㣬볣˲ͬ

ĽϵɷʵʣǶжϳǵݣһСӭ¥һ·ǰ
Сڳװɾ䣬֮üĿ㣬˳ۡ
ĺһʱ⣺̫ˣһ俿ģܿķ羰
⡭СɣΪѡ
ʱķڶˣȻԷʱȴ٣һż䡣
ΧĲˣÿһ趼Ĳã¥微ź̺ۼ
ңﶼż䣬˴˸ţһһСݣ˵С
ʤ۾һɣҪ߳ĺǰ棬׳һӣС磬ˣи㣡
СֽӹӣֱӴѸݣָһ㣬¶ЦݣλԺȥԣ
ͣ͡ĺЦ档
ĺֵܣ⡭ʤ۾޵ĵ㣬㡭
ĺæһ̧ƣʾٰꡣ
ʤһѻ˻ȥȴΪܣ󿴿ҿ̾ӽǡ
ܣ龯裬ȴģûʾ죬Ψ·̰ɨɨȥﲻʱ̾ʤ硣
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СܿЦݣȭλӣǼλѾӦС
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ʤһһӻ̫ԩһӣѰ˼³Ժȡ
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һӣܿ鰸Բ齣һӦȫסˡ
ڴߵ£˸ǡһĺʼޣˣоƣһġ
ʤЦĺֵܣľͲ˰ɣǶǴүǣǴˣ
ĺǺЦͷûɣһζ͸ߣ
ʤ֣Цǿۣ

ĺתͷУ㿴Σ
Ľ΢ЦңǿŰǡ
ǺãôˣĺеСЩϾƣĪǵȲ
ඡղŵСӦ
Ƭ̹С̳ƣĺӹˣֱĨ࣬ʱ磬ʤĭ
༸Ҳ˹ʶӣ̿ˮ
Ǻþƣʤ̾æһ̳Ŀ࣬Цܾûȹôõľˣ
谵Ҽǵãһκƣ칦ϣξµģ
ʤͷѣ˾Ʋѷڶξƣ
ҪƣϵյһüëеСС
СһСܽʣλӣкηԸ
ȥѱһˣüʤһž̳һָյ
ϣСӦܿð˸룬յ죬ȻǼ¡
ʤ˴룬ԽŨЦȺһ룬ٳ˺ȣ
˵գ룬ЦѵóһˣǾʹ죬УҲؽ䣬
ĽЦͷģա
ʤĽеһɨˣͷӹཹེȥ
˸һ׷졣
˾ƶߣĽһüëֲ˴㣬жƼգƣȷʵټ
ĺЦʹ죬ʹ죡ȷ溺ӣ
һֱôȣܹӣƲ˰ɣ
ĺһ֣ƣˣأֻܺȣܺȼ̳㼸̳Ǯ£
˺ܿʮˮϣСŲմأܿӣ˿ʼԲˣһߺȾƣַǳ

˰ΣƣĺˣȻеСʮô
Сڽɫɣ£˿ȴ˵
ĺüʱһ壬ܵһ𣬳ô£ֱ˵
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ģʲôڰ£ĺȵ
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Сһ죬ˣˣҪ˵һٻ׺䣡
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ҲǼλүС
ĺǺЦӴͬأСףȥĸһﲻۣҰǵ£
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ðɣС׷СС۵˵ĸλӣ
СǴӡ
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ĺ´룬ߵСһô£ˣ˻ȥƣ
һͷߣĽȻڣţȵȵȡ
ĺһæУкָʾ

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˫۷Ź⣬˵ıҲ࣬Ц۵ģʰһ٣
ԣһȥ·ٺɵЦ
˫죬˫룬ȻѾˣǳ
ǺãͬȥĺҲ飬ֱӴӦˡ
Ľ̾һµ񣬱;ֻȥˡ
Сݣ¥˴ǰӸ󣬸ĸ
ռãֻˣŴŷ·ԼԶ
ĺǰš
ű¶һűЦݣ˭
һۿĺЦݸʢӴⲻܴ
㣡ĺɫһЦպģڣվɣ
һЦʧЦܵģͷŸɾһˣĹҪԿͷ
ģôĵӣȰС׷ඣĺǰһҪ϶Էĵ
ѽ󺺺һĵѽǹӷˣ
飡һ죬ɳһӰ䵽ϣذһ
ĺʱۣϳСףæǰ𣬿ףòᣬһֻ첲ഹš


260 ɨ
ĺתͷҧ˫ͨ죺ãã
󺺱ֻӴܿ࣬㲻˰ɣ
ĺתͷˣ
šͷһȳ󺺣һ㵽ǰ̽Ʊץٶ졣
һֽһܹˣЦڳһڶ磬
ο࣬͵ĳ˳ײĽǡ
ĽƣһһԱߣʱϳһӡϵģӡȻ

ӴĽһУˮϻӴйϣһתϡ
һƻľõü죬ɾߡ
³һתͷĽһۣ¶л飬תͷ磬վļһڣ
ĺȵվģͷ¶β
ֻܣ㣬Īǵ£һȥ洫һʴЦ
漴ȻЦȻһˣЦԼʮ
ĺЦվģ˰ɣٺ٣һαʰ˭ֽ֪Ӻû
𣺡ͷģǹӵҲԺɣ㲻
ĺͷһСף׵˫۽գѻˣ˫üȻʹǳ
ãáĺҧ˫١
æ磬ӱʮ겻ɣ
ĺҡͷͽˣҪöĹȣһûôˣһֻҲù
̾磬úǰм֣
ĨһǣѾ˺죬ѹӪļֶڣǲǶ֣򲻹ġ
򲻹ҲҪ򣡡ĺߵ˫ͨ죬ϼŤˣɲƽʱģȻͬ
̾˿ҡҡͷٶ˵ţƢͷţҲأֻˡ
ǰһ磬
ȥһߣĺһƿһ߳ȥ߷ɣȥ
ꡱһ죬洫ŭȡ

ʤֽһĺֵܣôһˣҲ
˵գҲһ߳һ˽ȥ󡰿ꡱһ죬˻˳סǵ·
һˣθߴ󣬿ʧͦΣĿӢ·һλ֮ӣмĺ
ĺɴ۾ݺݵվģԶΪʤ
Ӣͷ΢ЦǾԶΪʤҪһ棬Ӫһ
ôĿĺЦмĵҲô㱾£Լ첻ãֻ˰æ
Ӣҡͷ΢ЦǾˣԶʤ٣ǵһףսֻʹ
Ǻǣ֣޹ֺΪξСӣȴֻܵﳤνİһҡͷ
ǰˣҲﶼξһæ涼ξۣӢ΢Ц
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ĵĿһۣǴۣޱξһƫƫᣬҪŭ硣
ǰһ磬ɱţЩļһԸͳɣһ󣡡
ĺ̤ǰһվģϻ˵ɣһ߯Цˣ
ӢϾ΢ЦãֻܱĺôûУֻһ¸ɴ࣡
ɨһ⹷ӵҲģҷһܣɣ
ĺҪȥʤһקסһС̣ӣϣ
ϣ·˷ܵӦһǰ󣬷ңʤм䣬ǲ谡
ųһΣĽЦͷأ
˵գ̤ǰһվʤǰЦҴǰ棡

ûʲôøУЦеģӢˣĺһǻɱ⣬Ϊ˸
ңƣҲܣֻܴˡ
СӣʲôˣӢüɨһĽǣҡͷǱСסİɣûʲô£ĵмУǿϧˣ
Ťͷֵܣֵܣǵ·ֻȴ˵ܵģֱӷˣضξ
šͷɨһĽǡ
Ľ˵˹ȭЮŷ磬ĽϮʮ˶ԸǸ֣ǾӦֵ
룬ĽȻǰ壬һײſϣһʱ֣Լһ˸ߣӤ۴֣ǡܵһ
һ֣ʱʩչ˷ħſȫӰ֣Ǽ빥ֻĽĹ
ףм˼һͣסһĽĹȻһһӷײĽĹӰ
žһ죬ӻΪƬɢ
һû뵽ľӿɽʵúܣʼӲ޷һ¿͸
ӻΪƬӰȴ˿Ӱ죬Ծأס˵ĳڣĽУ·Լˣ
Σһʱ˸ʱĽۡ
˶һۣ϶ûʿӪʱܴģô涨ǲ
磬ԣһһǸղĺʤ߹ġ
СģӢ
ͷţӭĽĹӰ
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ľǼӲľʯͷܶ㡣
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Ľ֮£źܿһصľľмֿտգɫѿĽһۣȴǰ

Ľȵǲҽȥ
˵գȶ˷ӦŹʱʮǱæӵ
ĽŹӣĹӰ£ڣһƬľмľܵɱĶȫĹӴ顣
һƻڷңߵʱѾյģʮΧ
ףâѲܣֻӲƴˡ
飡飡飡
ʮ˹ȭŹ򼫺ãĽܣ޷϶һһգڹӰ£ûһȫйֱͦͦ¡
һһ༸ʹĽ֣ҲǺһֱͦͦĵˡ
ǰһӿ棬൱ˣǴʧȻһʼʱֱӹûû
ĽչһƳ˺ʤ
ĿɿڴĹסˣû뵽˹
ĽȴףԼռ˱ıˣŵǹǲͬˡ


261 Ů
һϵĹתͷЦЦ
ʤʡ񣬹ЦһУȻĺֵܣƣⲻƽ
ĺҲعЦУЩһδã
ĽһۣղʩչǷħѰˣˣǶۡ
Щȴ壬˼ûʲô󰭣Ƥ֮ˡ
Ľһص㣬ǵл֮ܣһ㱡ĤΪͣȥһ

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һʤǵĻһʤЦУǰǴȽţСֵܱ˳𣡡
СʱѾС۾мĽҲ¶м
һܱ˳ȫƾĽ֣ƾǱ£Ҫһδһ衣
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ࣣţվһŮ档
ŮӯӣС죬ޣ˺޲˱۲Ҳ紺ˮ
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²²⣬ʮΪΪθԸһģ

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Ľ̾һˮ
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С΢飬ͷϾޣ˹ˣײͣԸ˶Ц
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Ľĺһۣȭ΢Цʮˡ
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óСее֣ѲǷԼˣ
ĽЦЦѰĹˣʮĸܶˣһλɡ
˵գ룬һڡ

˿ð̾СУȻֹˮŮɫ˶ǰ䵭
ãλʮ΢Ц
һִãһó̣ʣߡ
¾ꡭҹɽԲƮӣ˶ʱգ⾳֮С
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˶ȷʵ飬ֲǣ˰ٻ֮鴫
ŲȻ⣬ĸһĶŭɫš
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˭ĺŭ
Цתͷ磬˾
̵ģõ죡ĺһ䣬תͷʮֲ
ʮ΢Цհɡ
ƿ׵ıʿ˫һɨ绮ߵĺ߰ɣǶְɣ
ĺ߱ߣУˡ
ҲûˣӢţҪϣһ֪ˣС
Ľ룬΢Цʮлһ糪ٳȥɡ
ʮһ漴ͷӣУĽ˳ż䣬˲ƽ¥¥»


262 ʹ
ʮױʿѺǼ˳˲ƽ¥ߣؾӪĸױʿǰĸںĸм䣬ΧڵУǵϱߡ
һ·ϣǷ׷ͶĿ⣬֪Ƿʲô£ЩױʿǶִ֪оģȻЩһǷ˾
еϧеֻЩɷˣݣҲôһ죬ʹ죡
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С׷߷ˣЩӪСӣͷ߯һ򲻹ˣȥ״治ˣƲ
鵭ģʱ䡣
û˵ʲôֻĬĬ·Ψ·һǣʱŤͷʲ谣С̣Ҫɣû᲻̫أ
߼߶һ飬ҲƢÿζҡͷ˵ᡣ

Ǵ֣ϳţ˱Ӫֱӽá
Ľһۣɣû죬ֽˣɨһΧǣмϤģӭĿ⣬¶顣
ʤ˴ܣƢ֣Ծηðһûִо
ãǾŴÿɲϴĽȥǺһ赭дΪš
У̶Ѩõˣܺú߳Ǳף۸첲ȡ
һʮ㣬ηˡ
ĺģһɨΧʮ˹һĺȭ񣬿ڳơ硱
ĺЦһĽĽתͷˣ֪˼ڰ֣ɢ˰ɣ徻
뿪һЩ˵˵
ĺתУ徲ǵҪһӣɺã
Ľͷ
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ס˵ϰߣкֱ˴룬ɼġ
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263 
̵ģ˸ӣ߯ûϢʤһӣŭ壺ȥ䣡
ĺæסͷûãӪĳı޳ܣսթʮ˴ڣҲģ
ʤ޺һӣŭ壬޲óȥ
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Աһ˴ߴٵͷô죿ٵˣӪѾˣ
ʤĨһȥһײˣЦҪúһ㣬


264 ؾ
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˵׺ʱҩ֮ЧǿڹӦòһˡ
ǣ֮˵Ѩ򿪣÷ʱԼ
Ҳд˷գԼûУղѾ壬Զʤǰȱơ
һˣʹĵرѨޣҲޣԼĵرȴһˣ˵ֱ׷ǰ
ϧĵر֮£ǿ
ˣֻܷӿȪѨˡ
ŷ׮ӿȪѨͣӿȻ죬ƷҪһЩԼܹƣƾԼܿࡣ
Ҫǣܾƣ·֮ԦסĽһֱףΪʲô
ѵΪԼ񲻹ǿԿƲסΪ̫ˣ޷ơ
ǽ䣬֮Ȼأ˿Լ񲻹ǿԲܿơ
Ѳɣֻܵǿţţ߿ţ
ҲĪ⣬Ҫܾãܿ죬Ŀţɣ죬꣬Ǽʮꡣ
ЩģȻһ뵽˻ɽǹ˺һ


265 Ѩ
ܽǹܷЩأ
һӿȪڣ϶Ϊһָӣһֱɵ֮ضƣһ
ӿȪԼһ֣볤ǹظס
뵽ϲǿ˷ܣʼ顣
ŷ׮еӿȪѨϣͬʱԺӿȪѨϡ
뵽մ˷ȫԴ壬ʹϵһЩôʽʱͲôˡ
Щ֮ǽӿȪѨΪһ壬ܹݣɵ֮ǿԼΪ
֪УѾ¼УջдǹХǰǿ֡
ķ׮ɹ

ǹ鴽Хһ𣬳Ӱת۳嵽ǰϣУ͵ͣ£˫ڿ˼¡
ĽЦЦ֪ԼϷأӰƤһСӣʱʱĵƤԼϷ
ǰӣԾӰȥ֮䴩鶯תǡ
Ľ԰ϴˢһ飬Ȼι˾һ뿪ǣ
֮Уʤ˲ţһ̱ˣ༸Ҳˣƣ羭һս
Ľ󣬼ˣЦͷô£۳
ˣʤ죬ѽĥƤ
ĽǺЦ
ÿ˹Ҫ˵һ飬Ҷܵʤһֿڣʼú棬ͷƫƫֲܲ˵ҪȻɵˣ
ĽЦŵͷѶȣ˭Ҳ˵ǴҲˣ˵ˣ˲˵鷳ɴˡ
ΪʲôԼ˵ȴ˵ĪƲԼ
һֱӵˣòʧ
ʣʤǶãֻܿతţɱοԼٿۣܱȵùɱУ
˼֮£ܼɤЩɳơ

Ľϴһɵϣһǿᣬô࣬Ծƣ͡
ʹǿ󣬾һ룬Һһ֮ҲЩ̫񣬻һˣ
ɽҵȻȴѧᣬĽѧ֮󣬴׶ص֮ʤ
𴴳ɽһǻߺ£ҲԻ֮١
˥ܣʹʥѩӾתϴ辭ÿ춼Щŭǣڽϣȥջۣʮ֮һ
һˣûǿԹûʮһյļ֣һ
Ľɣǿصģܹվ֮Ҳһˡ
ʤתͷʣУ㾿
Ľ̾˿ҡͷûʲôǼǱķӣҲգ³çˣһʱ嶯õġ
Ǳʤ
Ľ״֪ǲ֪ǽһЩǱֻ˵巨Բ˵
̾û뵽ϻѧˣսϵĴ
Ľҡͷ̾˷˶ãʵʵ;ЩطĴ̫ˡ
ʤüô˵Ҳٴۣ
ĽЦЦҪµǰܲƿΪһҲֵˣ
һۣҡҡͷҲᶯ
ЦǣһֱΪЩ֮ǲмһ˵أ
ĽЦЦҪǶԼǵûʲôӪǼˣܲ
ʤЦУɰ
ߵʳ˼̻еˣ
ĽЦҡͷٶ˵
谵ͷ˵׬ӣ
ʤЦ㿴ţеİɣ
ĽҡͷͷйƵĲزˡ
ʤɴ۾
༸Ҳɹš

ĽһСС֣ˣһһزͬʹͣξҪ˼һЩģǲã㲻
̵ģ˵˵ȥǲǰæʤڵĺߵҪ˵
ĽЦЦٶ˵
ͷ˵ǿûʲôʹͣİգ
ҵÿ࣡ʤпǧͷ죬Ī״ǵĽЦ
УЦ㵹ǲҪңҲ֪ĸ˵µ֣۾أʤһĽԼۡ
۾ף˴һۣеЦ
ΪӪ˴򶷣ˣﲻЦ̾Ľ޲ûԼ
ӪӪԹ̫ˣһֱѹţüһѣͳӪӢۡ
֮ӢۣҲ˵ľأǽΣҲһֻᣬ
ţӪڶξǰҲλĻҲࡣ
еϵʿףԶʤǸȣء
ĽЦƤ֮ˣͺˣҪˣҪ׼ʲô
ʤڰ֣ûʲô׼ģֻҪװöԵϾˣǿɲЩ׸ô࣡
ĽͷжԶ
ʤԶһ͵
˵һЩл˯ˣһľۣǶ۵ùǺľƣʱȻΡ
ĽȴûϢһָò࣬ſʼҺһ֮ԺӿȪ϶Ϊһ

һҹȥչҲżһͣû㹻񣬲ʱ䡣
һ˲ɣҲҪܾã
ڶ峿ʤʼʰеĶװװױģȴװһЩճƷ
һߣʰˣֻֻӣִףϱ
ЩĽָָǵĴ齡
ʤùܣʰһֻҪԼĶͳɣ
װףͷЩơ
Ľͷʱʤɢɷ׳ʵףƱˣƽͬ
ĽҲףѾϰζݣףûӢ֮У·
֮󣬱˴˴ۣӣǰԼӷȻ䳡
䳡ѾվˣһһվλãɣȻ˶࣬ȴԵҡ
ʤǹϴǷ׷׹ֽУȻԼĴ򶷣Ӫһ
ʤüЦƿǰǣӻ֣Ȼǵλãֱá
ģ
ͷѽͣ
Ӫı
࣬ޱȣ䳡϶ʱַǷ
ĽҲǰǣʿҡҡͷЦá
öӶӪãÿӣÿÿˡ
ǺȻȻֹΪһüĿߣӯĲ䳡ߵ˸ǰ
ʮױʿûͷȴˣӥӹˡ
Ǿе˾ִƾЦ滢֮ơ

ЦеǰɨһۣϵֶʱȻֹð·ˡ
ĽЦɨһΧﶼͣΨֶ˵һ֣˾
Ľ֣˾û°ɣˣԼˡ
˾ЦдһۣȻ۾վһʮҲһֻᵴ
䳡һƬ紵ԼԼе˶վһƥҲܰ
ǶܹѵΧϢУ֪ӦҶ
һ򣬽ŲĽȦȻ鱨ʱĶξ
ⶼξͲ󣬵˫޻ףòӢ䣬ʱҲǸӣɨһˣɨ
飬ĽʱȻͬ·𱦽ʣˡ
ֻɨһۣ˶ʱ˽ֱͦ˫۴ɣӭĿ⡣
ξͷ
ĽһӦ죬һɿʤҲվʶķӦ
ʤǰĽһ࣬һ࣬·ں棬ƽʱѵĶΡ
˴ȺξǰͷͦأĿбӡ
ȷʵʿξһˣͷܵסӪӪ˹⣡
θֱͦһ
ξ쿪ʼĺСףһƽǹ
ǣĺ˴վ˳Ľ󣬹С
ξһۣһ£㲹ˣʤλﳤúøɣȡһ
ǣʤ˫ƽӣͦΡ
ξ¶ЦݣţһεǰѲ̽ӣͽǻˣɣ
֤ɣξģʤ
ξЦ˵󻰣ʲô£ҿҪСʵģ
ʤͷٺЦ˵ˡ

Ƿ䳡˾ӪȻϻζС
ʤЦü۽ԻϲȻξܸˣҲܸˣΨĺһΪȻģ
ʤЦһ󣬼ĺģЦĺֵܣôǳһѵˣ
ĺҡͷұǻﳤڽһףͷ˵ܸ
ǺǣҪﳤʤЦ
˰ɣĺæҡͷߵܴһҵȻˣҽ߯ˣ
ۣͦʲôɵģʤʡ
ĺߵÿо˻ﳤҪˣУҸͷһߣף
ʤǺЦҲ˵ˣʱãǱԩģ
ɲǣ߯αˣĺߵ
ʤҡͷЦôᣬһˣˣ綼ξ壡
ޣĺһĭ㬵ҿȡ𾴣Ӯһ
ʤ˼
Цô˵Ҳǣ̫ƽˣ
ĺŭĵǽдǣ˵ʲôСӣȱˣȱǿö࣬ܵίҲӦõģޣʲô
Խ˵Խ߷ߵ
ʤǺЦξ˵Ҳ
ͷ㵽ͷģĺɴ۾
ʤЦĺֵܣǶξСӣô类з
ߣûӻúúõģĺߵ
ʤҡͷǲȻƺУ书͵һôһ类ʰˣ
ĺЦӪҲһ¶ǣĻǵĻ·
⵹٣ʤЦĽҡͷЦЦ

ͷҪʲôĽʡ
ʤĵĵҲûʲôǰսǰû򵥵úܣǺǣ֮䣬ʲôǶξǵŲˣ
ǰѲӣڶɵö࣬Ҳع̫࣬ȷʵŲǳ̤һ㡣
ĽͷȷʵڳǺųƵһŻڳǽаԺ֮䣬ейӡ
˵˵ЦЦСܣޱȣ߹ʮǾͻῪʼߣ;չһ·Χû
Ȼ֪ĻҪǾ˵ĹأΪ뵱Ȼ͵϶ึСġ
˺ܿ쵽˶ǰǰͷĶ˷Ӫˣɫƣ޲óǡ
ʤʾֱӲһʿǰǰûԷоȻ뿪ĽǸϡ
ǰʮһβȫȥʤ·ȥĽ룬·һ
˻صǰӣӪһУξ˵һȻŷء
ص·ϣ·У㲻ҵģûʲôµġ
Ľҡҡͷüͷ˼ĿΧ
·ĲɣæУô
ĽСһӦΣգ
·ЦǶģûʲôУͱ´Сû˸ҵǵģ
ĽһۣСʻ괬СΪ
·ĽЩëͷԵĳǹʱȡá
˷ŻſĹٵ֮ĹٵʮƥζУڱĵطѿ
Ľ۾գӷԲʮɣ֮ڵһж֡
üͷһһƣ·æ𹭼˫ҹΣƽɵģȻͬ


266 
·ܣŻ㣬Χĵģûж
һȻǰĶ
һٵǰʿں󣬳ϲһ˽죬дһ֣»һͻ
·һתУǷھ֣Ҫģ
Ľۣھ֣
·Цھھ֣ͷүӣ˳ƽ޵Уúܣ
ĽüŶĳӣҡҡͷ˵
ʲôԣ·ʣֵ˵үӸʷ˺ܺãܵġ
Ľüתͷ
·УĲԾ𣿡

Ľ񲢷սʱǴɣǵĴʷһξԼӡ
ǵĴʷã͸Сġ
ң⳵ɢΣϢǺΣϢȴȷʮλ֣Ҳ䱸
ĽƬ̧̣ͷߵúܿ죬һѵʮ⣬֣·ߡ
Ľӣڻȥξ˵һ˵йŹ֣öξðɣ
·Ϊѣ⡭𣿡
ĽСȥѲ飬ȡ裬жξȥɣ
ҪǶξˡ·̳ɡ
ĽЦҵģ
ǺðɣȥСĵ·¶ЦݣʹĴӦתȥ
ĽЦЦӣ˿ɵȴҲСǵ̫С
ӰЩͷǰ㣬˻׷ȥȴĽѹסתתȥ˻ѡ
Ľᰲһ£ŷҵĳӹ
ӵͷʿ˫ϬɨĽɨ˼ۣתˡ
ĽһӰ߼·ߣݷҳߡ
ʿ֮ǳʯͷΪأÿԶʿʿ
ʮʿ糾ͣ˪֮ɫ

Ľ΢һۣĿһλŮϡ
ŵɫŶһ˴磬һ۾ܿŮӣ˺㿡Ρ
쵰üޣԲԲ۾ڰ׷ˣСɱӣ촽ǵ
ϣͦΣˬһ紵½ԣӢˬʡ
ĽվڵԣһֱŮüƳһۺѸƿмһ˵ģ
ٵĽߣʿǶһۣ漴תˣ˿û
ĽüһùŹ֣оΣգϸȴֲ
书ΪףжǸ֣Զһ涯ָ֣׺񹦣ɴʤ֮
ôһˣԼֱΣգ棬һ
С㣬ҪҪһʿյŮǰЦŵ˵ź⡣
Ůһ£ڰ֣ȥ
һǷӪģȥ˵˵һʿ
Ůһۣͷˡ
ʿЦЦתأĽǰһĽζС
΢ЦȭСֵܿǷӪģУξɺã
Ľ΢ЦҡͷӪϵλУξ
һۣʿοߴ󣬹һҺ񣬹֮øУһʵ˵ǻˡ
ʿĵԭӪľүʧʧүǾ
Ľͷǣǰڡ
ӪӪԸʲôܣʿȻҲ֪ԲŻǸ
ǾүǾо񣡡ʿЦ

Ľһǣңɶξаˣҵ֮
ʿЦŹά䣬˵⣺ǾүоһڳӺ󣬳೾ǳϻ̳Ͽ֡
ĽЦٵҲ̫ƽŴ߰ȫ
ŶʿɵۣЦİëıӵҰ
ĽҡͷЦЦС֪Щ
صȾүǶ֣ҰҲǣ
ĽЦٺò
˵Ż೶Ƥһ߸ڳӺ棬ߣΧ羰ƽ̹̺ƽƽ̳ȥʡ
̺ɫ죬Ƶ̵ĲݣŻҰףһﾰͼ
Ľܶһ˵һܴ򾰣ãΨһвǣ೾Ʈ
ڣףͷֻбЩʣĲ¡
˵һӻʿ뿪صŮߡ
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Цϸӣֻ֪ӪǰڣģʲôҲû׳
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Ů΢Ц˵ãɵӣ̫ίˣǲǣ𰮲֮ˣ
ǺЦС㣬Σˣ˲ŰҪȥʷҪ
ҲϺͿˣŮЦҡͷʷܹסӪүүŲڣһӻң
ţǵҲǡε̾ϧ
Ľ䲻ǵ֮ЧʲӰ죬ǵĻ
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˵Ļ⣬овףںδȴһֱܷ
о總֮ңŪˣӰ
Ľ󣬲һԶ¡¡˴·ƮƳƺƴˡ
ĽȻӰ˻һ͸Ż죬ܷſܣһ˳ȥת۹˾ǰ
ξǰͷ·ߣͷԡ
Ľٿǰͣסξɨһ··æɫ
ξ˫磬ʵʰ˫ۣСУô£˵ھ⣿
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ƨξһߵʲôû޸޾ݵģֻҲ˵
ĽĬȻͷȥ
ξߵ֪֪ʷвףЩ߰ģͷа
ʷϵţԼһ㣬˴ԣҩζʮ㣬޲ûжԷ
е˱ԴΪʷˮֺԼԴʹĽͷŭ
Ľ֪ᣬȴٶ˵гɼ˵档
ɺ£ξڰ֣ͷĵ
Ľĥĥ䣬ȴߣʱ򣬷ҵĳУĳɵУȻռ·


267 ǹ
ξŮһ£һƮξǰӯӯһ񣺡ξ
ξЦԭǷС㣬һѺҪԴඣ
˵÷ȤЦĽȻͬ
Ů΢Ц׬һǮˣֵһЦξļˣҪǣ
ᣬ˵ȴȻǾġ
Ľ΢۾ƣϸһ⣬Ӻڰ׷ˮ͸
ξпѽڽˣүӹǻʰɣ
ǣãһϡŮ΢Ц
үϵ׳ɷҲξЦ

˵ŻʿվŮĻĽû⡣
ĽƲ۶ˡ
Լʮ꣬˪ʵ񣬺֮ʵͽũ
ɨܣβͣһ䱸״ʱ˴ɱŮúξıʿǰЦ
ξӻ֣ʿǴ󻺻ǰߣͣĸվںξ󲻶
Ľվںξߣ·վĽߣŮĿͣסˡ
Ľһ£ԺЦ
ŮȷʵòԶţֻÿΣ۸þˣϸ壬ݹѩֱӡ
Ľ̤ǰһںξǰˣĿ纮·Ҫ͸塣
ɫ΢䣬ӡ
ξŮ˵ȺĽȻǰ棬סߣգߵգ
Ľ˺һ΢΢ͷһԲ
ξ˼ƳһˣȭС㣬Ǹģǣ
ŮЦŵͷǣξһ·ߣ
ǣҪݷ÷үӣξܳУʵźξЦת뿪

߹ʮξתͷǴ̿ͣ
ɫ˫ź⡣
Ľҡͷ֪
ξһۣߵСУˣǲϧ񣿡
ĽЦû֣ܲܺ˵ɣ
ߣðɣξڰ֣Ͻ£
ǡĽһ񣬳һֱԶ·
·תͷδ̾У
ĽæָǰξĿѾǶţûϢļһ
ĽתԾ˸ݳ۶ȥ
ھ֣Ůһسӣ֣Ů˵˼仰˼ۻȥľӡ
˼ͣĵͷ˼ˣȻסˣֱӰӵϡ
Ůԣüˣ˵Ŀ䣬绻ˣһûи顣
ŮƬ̣ȻףЦصúһؾʮ̣꣬ϧһһβң
С㣬Եˣ
ŮߵԣǴ󺹣֮ʲôˣ
ˣС㣬ɣһǼϸΪ˽ء
˽ҲɣŮһοСУȻһ֣ǷҾˣ
ԶԣҺͿˣæͷɫ䡣
һ֣۵ֲ֣ҶѲ˹ϵʹʷϵʷΪ˱ӣҲ顣
ɱ٣ͬıɳ壬һһ֣Ҿˣ
뵽ˣٲͬ顣

Ľ·ʤǻϣǰ̽ڣûʲô⣬һֱƽƽڳǡ
ڳǲ࣬ѷ
ӪڳУλڳϣʤǣ·һԺڣԺм䳡䳡һȦס
ΧӣĽһ䣬ʤڣܳ㣬Ľϲ
ʤĺ·ڶߣŲԶסһöࡣ
ĽԼӣǻϲס񣬺ȻһӣоҸ
ξ֮ǰԼһСԺҲûá
صǣûʲôӪУӪһԺһ䳡ĵطĽȥ
е˼ӿȪϡ
ڶ죬Ǳָѵơ
书ǹ뵶ʱ䣬һֱǹڳԹ
ƣɵϣʱʼӿȪӿȪڣӿȪѨ
ΪǹǷɵգӿȪѨ壬Ӧøףü޳ɡ
ȴû뵽ӿȪѨ
ӿȪѨһʶһֱڿܣȻ뵽ִʱҵĵ伮˵ÿλи
һֱЦΪȻȴûе
ӿȪѨڿڽɹʱһεΣ˳ͻľٰ׷
ĽͣԽǲɣԽɣһһΣͣ
϶ڹ𴲰ʱùվ֮Ծɾȡ
һԽԽ͡
֮ǵİĺɫӿĽ䳡ɢճԹֻš
ųӰಽһһĺɫɢ

ŽϰȻ֣֣Ľæȥ
ŽϰĳǹգǷǹ֮󣬾͸ˣĪߣ
ĽһǹһɫǹˣĻƣǹͷ˸ǹ
ŽϰǹңѾǵĴˣϧһֱУɳϱѪ
Ľսǹˮ齻ڵĸоĵף͸Լģǹһ㣬ܸоǹϴ˷ܡ
ϰǹˣĽˬӦ
Žϰ΢Ц򣺡ãϣҲһ׮£
һ˺һˬԭĳ࣬üĳҲʧˡ
Ľ˼̾Ϣ
ǹע׳־ʱԼζ׷ˣ׳־׿
һҲ࣬־ģŷǹתͣͳͳʧ
Žϰ˵һ£Ҳ͸һΣ˵ıᵽŽϰĸ
ϰģұزίĽģĵͷ
ŽϰЦЦѧһʽɣ
ʮ֮Ľѧ˷ǹǹȫΪһ壬ʹָ鶯磬оˡ
ԽԽǹ죬עǹеԣǰǹһ㣬
Ҳֻзǹܽǹǹɡ
룬ˣǶνĽдĦãоתϴ辭ˡ


268 ں
ʱٿȻȥĽȻʱѾȥ
£ڷǹ·һ磬ǹ磬磬硣
䲻ܵȴܹ۲죬Թת
һˣһĲܶãת޷˼棬ΣϹ·
רעڶܹ˼ת
ĽͬһĶãһάֶı׼һ߹۲תһԺӡγģ͡
Ժһ͸壬ںߺ߻ߣһɫϸݺύ
۷˾øӣȴĹ

Щɫͬߴÿһһζߣת
ģͣĽΪתϴ辭
֪תϴ辭תﲻĶΪ֮ûãԽԽõľѧ
Ǿѧʲôãҵ书ɲǾѧĽ˼⡣
ǾѧԼתϴ辭ȫӦûһ׶ʥѩҲûȫֻһɡ
ˣʧĽϸ룬Ӧʧˣ򣬽жҲӡ
ߣѹйоѧȥ֮·һϣ
֮治УĽҡͷЦʹԼ˼ά磬ⳣˣҲ޷һһŪס
ЩӣĽףǹҲ˵ﵽƽ⡣
ƣȻȻѸ٣˼벻ϣһӣ˷ƣרעڷǹ
ѾȫշǹԺｨ˾ģͣҪĵ˼תϴ辭
÷ǹıදתתϴ辭
ЩӿȪѨûнչԲһ㣬ڹؼʱ̹һڤڤһǿޱȣ޷ܡ

Ľ˺ݣȸŽϰ˼٣ָʤк⼸첻ȥѵֻڷչһ㡣
ʤҲ֧֣ÿѷ͵⣬ԣֱӿžǣû˴
Ľǰվ׮
׮˷ǹ֮˷ǹİƽ棬һЩϸ΢֮ϸᣬӿȪѨ
˿ģ£ָ㣬ĽˣֵŽϰУѧÿ죬ѧ׮Ҳ¡
СݲһƬ䳡ϵߺʱƮŷСƮ仯
ѪյߺȣĽһƬרעӿȪһԺ룬ӿȪ
ΨӿȪҹͣǿΪ֧ţͷһ㣬֪ƣꡣ
֪ʱţܼеϣӿȪӿȪ϶Ϊһ
֪˶ãԺһ죬ǰһƬտյƣ·̲ĺϡ
Щƣʱһᣬ漴һǣ·֮͵ĳһٱͣʱ
ϲãĪϲ֮ʣȻš
ǰػþʧع飬ӿȪѨŻع飬Ϊһ壬ֱ˴ˡ
һʱǰǿյһƬ˿˿ƵƮţ·̲ĺˮ
ĽףǰþǻþӿȪʵھ
ӿȪϣΪһ壬ۿΣǰӵβͬ
ѵԭӹۿģһ
Ľͷϲãţ˼ж֮ߣΧ䳡ǰһȺзʤǼݺᣬ䡣
ʤļãĺ֮ٴΣ༸࣬ʮ߰У䵽ģˡ
ܿջۣ֮׽סͷһ⣬Ϊ֮ھĲΪ
ѵҲһ󷨣ȥѨĿ޷壿

뵽һ󼤶İһʱ𣬽ӿȪϣѷ
֮ھһףڵģһ£żİ
һȻкȻ죬ҡͷЦ۾ڹͣ¡¡죬Ȼ硣
ڼȴ֪ˣֱ˫һֱ飬һʱӿȪ˫ȣ·Ȫݣת۹顣
Ľ⣬ΣȻʱ䲻̣򣬽ղ񹦴壬ϲƣ͡
߼һ˿΢ӿȪӿԴԴϵע˫ȣգһǹʽһٿĴ˫ӿұۣģȣоնϳǹ
ЦָоüӴ֮󣬲ض׷׮ԴԴϵӿѷ֮ݡ
ȻһͷӿȪѨˣܽѨڣк
᲻
ʵû뵽ӿȪѨ龹֮ϲ
Ҳɣֻ֪һǿ󲻵ãҪ˳Ȼֻʧ
һεɣΪ߶ĵ̫ͣӶͻƣΪӿȪѨ
ҪŪ壬ҴѨһԣһѨȴܼҪ֮ǳԷ
ſڰһľϻƿһˣĸͷ˱ǡ
ĽԴ˾Ҳ׶ܳһͷţ³ϻеĲˡ
ƿţٴγȥߵǣӰվһ·ڷ
ĽȻоĹ¼ţһҡͷ̾ԼͨԽˡ
Ӱʱ˻һȸԾ˷ܣǰٵأ͡

Ľǰӣ⿪ҲֱӷӰ˻һΪһӰǡ
䳡ϣܣ䳡һȦһȦٶɣ磬ŵʿ׷ױܿ䳡һң˷
ĽǺЦţɳӰۡ
ʤ£ʲôУʵʵţ
ĺҲվˣǣ˷ӪӢۣϢŭ
һʮȦӰŷŻٶȣƵʤǰ
ʤϣ´ĽЦУҪɣӵˣҪȥأ
ĽЦá
ʤЦˬɣǱһȼ
ðĽЦ
ţǿᣬ֮ӿȪ򿪣ԴԴϣ޹˼ɣС
Ǳȼ˶ɢóյء
źȹһ񣬵֮Ľһֱ͵񶼷ǹƷϣûչʾΪ
УǰϹʤЦ
ĽͷǺЦգͷǼһϣһʤΣ
ӴôĿʤбתͷĺֵܣ˵Ǵ𲻴Ӧ
ôɣĺЦ
ʤһӣǺãôˣ
ǵ˱ߣĽϱߣߣλ䳡λãǰῪӣֻһһ
Ľתͷһ󺺵λֵܣ
ϣ˷ܵĵæ͸Ľ
Ľ࣬ûȷʵ㣬ֻˣ֣ʾѾ׼ˣʤҲһ֡
׼ܣһվ䳡룬һϺȡ

ӰСܣ٣ĽѾ˳ȥ˫죬һ֧֧䵽ϡ
ܵм䣬һ꣬˺棬ԽԽ죬ֻܼһƬӰӣȣƬ֮Ѿ꣬ʱӰûܵ
˺ȻȲɣҡ
Ľ˹һӰܣʤϱ߻һתͷȥӣܹȥͳһжټ
Ľˣʮʤʮһǡòһ
˶ĽȴȲʲѡ
䳡д󣬵գ۹ѣʮģѾ˲ãĽһʮԶԶɿٿ죬飬׼ͷ㣬аС
˼
Χס׷ֽ̼ʱһȺ˽ɢɭɭɫϴѪ䳡
ĽΧڵУȴһۿǣһģĽᣬ֮Ȼв¡
Ҳͣ죬תͷȥ
ʤӭȥ϶ô£
ͷһ꺺Ƴһʤֻߵȥ
ʤæȥԵļһˣ
ţСǱ׽ˡ϶Ｗ
䳡һƬžɫ䡣
׽ȥȵʱս㣬ԽԽ纣׽ȥ


269 ׷
ĽüƣԵİ׻ǣǼеĻһɴ
ǰͷںδϵģ
꺺ӿʮ
ʱĽŵ
꺺Ӳͷĵ͸ղţ
˵գŤͷߣĽˣĽ׷ȥжˣ
꺺ӽ죬üͷѹŭʱҪĽװʵڿ׷ϣ
׷꺺ӻͣת˫𣺡׷ϣӻ᲻׷Եǿö࣬˭׷ϣ˭׷ϣ

ϼŤĽ̾˿֪
ԵľʤһʵңǾ㣬һ;ϮǼҳ㷹ҲܳԿ࣬оʱϳԷ˯
ȣܸòسǣУӪӪӪˡ
òṥ񣬶ǰڣ̽飬ݿú٣ӡ
ĽתͷԿ
꺺û˵Ľ֪Աжʮղףһϣܣ޻֮
꺺ӱһǻаһͬ۱׽ҲԣߴñСϴˡ
У˰ɣܣʤҡҡͷ϶ǲǳصģһﲻǣ
꺺һƽжʮ书տոǿҾãǾǺӥ
̵ģǺӥʤɫ΢䣬޺
Χ˸ɫһ䣬ؼ֡
ĽͷԿȥ׼һ£
У֣ʤüãɺӥһ֧һʮȥ
ͷĽüҲ
ʤһۣУǻﳤҵģ
Ľͷ򱦹󣬲ٵˣȥԣ²ΪƾųӰٶȣģ
ʤҡͷͬ⡣
Ľ֪ӥĿ£֪ԭһʮˣĽ֮ǰֻĸǱӥɱġ

¸ңǶԺӥȴǴĵη壬˸ͲˣħĻ
ڼף׼ҲߵþˣԶսһʮңǺη˺⣬ˣû˵ĸоһ㡣
ˣǲ־ȫʧ
ӥӪӪĪĺӪ֣Ǳӥɱ
񣬺ӥӥרɱԼһ㡣
ĽüתĺЩУҲĺĻʤ䣬˵á
ĺ࣬һƽУͷİɣǵûӣӥﲻС
Ľüһֱӿˣһ̲סҪ¹
ĽڵΣҪԣͷ
ĿʵʣȻĿʤ¶ЦĽ¡
ʤɬðɡ
ĽһգһĽĿмֹŹ֣û뵽ˣξ硣
ʤһȥ
ĽҡҡͷӰܵÿ죬һӣȲһҲá
ʤҧҧһԲתԾ۶ȥȻ׼Ӫȣʱؼܵ顣
Ľʼװ
˶æȥˮңȥŪܵóס
Ӱ˭ҲÿĽȥóװȻ󣬹Ϸǹϵ
պµ꺺ӸΣλãĽʱͷһѣǱ׽ȥ֮һѡ
ĺǰĳ£ݸУҵĵɣ
Ľӹˣ鵶ʣɭɭ̾õ
ĺЦҼҴĸ¹࣬ɱӥٺò
ĽЦŻʣĳӹ׼ˮҵϣα˰æס
ʱʤҴһͣͷԾǰ˼Ľǰһơ
ʤƣִɴ򿪳ţ

Ľͷһۣڱ䣬涼һ棬ӳ
ĽתͷЦȥȥﲻ顣
˶׳ˮͱ𣬷⡣
ʤУһҪǿ򲻹ܣϺӥҲܲˣ
ţ¶ģ˰ɣ
ĽҺ̧ͷЦһܷڣͷİգһ㽲أ
ʤݺݵСӣһҪ
ȻĽЦЦһ񣺡λֵܣڣ
˵գ䳡˾Ӫֱӵϳš
ϳ˰أʮˣͷǸ꺺ӣȳһ̣۾
´ĽۣĽ̹ȻԣһԲ꺺ƣͷŵš
Ľ˻Ǻӣ̤˴ԭ
תͷȥǵĳǽƣͷ˾޳ǣҪ£졣
ֲ޷֣д˳أԽ׳һ
Ľ΢۾רעֱȻһӰһ˻˳ȥ
Ľ۾֮۸ӣԲС
ʼ˼⣬ò׺񹦣þеĹȥй˷ǹԲɡ
ǹԲ׺񹦼ԦҲʤһ֣ϾȻʵ󣬵׺
һȽϣǲ׺񹦸ʤһ

һ֮һƬ֣Ľȥһ֣Ծ³ӰһԾһ֮䣬Ȼʼɢ
Ƭ֮󣬲׺񹦾ת̾Ϣһָ⣬ǲ׺ϼѡ
ǿͰԵƲģΪԼ书֮ʡ
ھֲ塣
ֵҪṦڽ£ǿֱۣǿ֮Ч
壬ǿᣬٶȸ죬ǿֲȴķǿ
еʧﳡ޷˵һʤ
ı任ĽԽԽһӵĹָתӯ
ХһԶ˻Ӱﴩ㵽ǰĽȫͣ£ƮһģӰ˳ȥ
ĽۣĶãһתԪָһ֮۹ۿܡ
Բ֮ڣụֻ֣̂ЩƵҰݣԭյģЩ
ӵսһǱ֮Ψֲֻˡ
ǲʱɳһЩǰ̽ԵĶ򣬵ȵѹǻ֪̫ˡ
ԵҲһ̽ǵʵɱǵĳǲɳ
֮䣬սٷһδսʮǰƽʱĽ֣֪жٽʿڴˣ
Ľһ˼ŽעӰڣǿٶȡ
һ˿˿һƮ룬ޣĽ۾·Щϸ˿ϣ쿴Ӱṹ
ĽӰҲо˵ļ򵥵öֻ࣬аϣˣƽ⡣
ĽŽһ˿עֱעУʱٶȿ˼֣
ͬʱһ˿תѰ֮

ţһãԾȽȥרѰһҵˣǰ
һ˿עܿ챻ɣעһЩɣ·޵׶һ㣬Ľעһͣܲס
ʱٶѾ죬ǰһǰٵȥ۵糸ˡ
ĽޣӰȻۣעȻأȣγһͨ
ӰϼסˣĽˣֱӳȣٶȼӿ죬۵糸
Ľջһξעһ·ֻͣҪ֤㹻ӰٶȾޱȡ
ٶȣĽ׷϶ԷʲٵģԼ£תϴ辭Ƿˡ
ԺģѾãתϴ辭ĶҲƺãΰ£ͺúɣ漫
ֻǲ֪ɵһ㣬ΣǲҲ
һţһ߼ӷԲû⡣
Ȼ̧ͷһСڵһһֻӥڵëɫͷ죬ϬĿ⡣
ĿǡӥϣôԶܸоĲм߰
ĽüоӥĲͬԼЩ궯ȻǵˣѰĲӥ
߸ϣ׸ߣĽ޿κΣƼʹҲ䲻ţȥΨе䣬䲻
˵ӥڰɣǰͷ˵ӥ˺ӥĶĿڣӥ緢Ŀꡣ
Ľ룬ӥԼţʡԼ鷳
ֱһʱĽʾӰһЩָ̬ȴһֱעӰѾܿƣϡ
ĽǾ̾Ӱν֮ȴ֪֮γӦͨ
Ӱֱܸоó˼˵ˣҲӰһ㣬ţͨһ㡣
ӰǾѹٶܣЩ񫣬ʱ˻һʾȴĽѹˡ
Ѿʱ֣ĽƣԼ˽ʮȴû׷ǰˣȻǵٶҲ졣
ڷԲԣǲ׷ˣȴỳɣֱԽˣоǵķ򣬿һоѣֱ׼繷һ

̾һʧˣӥָʾӥȴ׷ԼԼң
ͣˣóӰЪһЪưԴԴϵתָƣӰһƣ˫۾˻ѡ
һӺĽٴ̣һ׷һʱ֮ۿЩˣʱۣһ
ʮڼʿʮƥĸڵϣߣʹ಻ȴϢ
ĽٴκۣһˣӪףѪۣŤʹ಻
Ľ֪Ǳ̵ģţûףƤףĦʱһȣ̡
ֽ֣Ŷڵϣ˫ѪģȻǱֽŽʹҲɷˡ
Ľһ֮Ȼľˮ㣬Ծŭɭɭɱ⡣
ʮʿٶȲ죬ʮʿȴɭɭ֮Уڼ׺磬ͷͷܿ۾ĿĮɭð
֮۸þģǱȣӪöࡣ
ӰǿǶ࣬ϵ׷ͬʱܣӥһֱԼ̤ʵı
ףȻԦʩչһڹ顱һ죬һʿ
ĽüʿÿķӦһ֣šӵ䵶ն˼ʸ
ѰļһܵסõķƼӴһһӡ
ٴδ͡һХǺڹХȥ
飡һ죬һʿ䵽¡
һӴˣֱӹȥһ£ָ֣

Ľһһת۹ļӥХһ߿ƣȻбͷһתʸ
һ˽ףռߣüԶĽǰв
ĽЦһһ֮һʸ׷
ƼХƣÿһһһܱܹ
տ£ĽΣֻռЩǺʵڲɱǣȥ洦
һĹʮӥǰһʸȴƲĽ䣬һһûգ배ϵļ
ǲĽӰĽǷ䣬أӰȻȴˣ嵽һǰһڣҧһƥ
ٿĺһʮ˴һԾڿγһԲΣĽ¡
ʮ䵶ź⣬Ľͷ
Ľע⵽ǵһֱĮƽʹ˼Įģһ㣬ð
ĽףЩѾΪɱ˻Ա˵ľʣԼҲˡ
оʵŤ־ŭĸӪͬ۳ΪˣԼ֪ܺεĥ
ŭһǹһգǹ⻮һɫƥѸ缲硣
һУʮ˷׷ױɡ
ĽþÿһУǹһ֣֮ԭˡ


270 Χ
ĽҲʮˣҲǳŵУһˣϧԼ
ͨ仯Ծ磬֮Ӧ죬ڵ磬練ƣµľΧ
ĽʮΧΧûʲôֱ𣬷㣬ʽǼֱӣûʲô֮
ɳȥأȴǳؿڷµˡ

ĽʹģȻеģ˺棬ǹϵķԽԽǿֱˣ
Ľһշǹһɫƥһ죬䵶ǹٴηɳȥ
ĽһƮڿиɫǹӯ˺ʱѪ罦
䵽ϣϷǹժಡŵ˺м
ĽԾ˸ǰ־ĽһĻ鼤
գ㣡һ˴УĽ
ĽӵȻѪۣĽϳף˳ף磬ƽǿʣϲ˿Ц
ʣף磬ô
ˣףЦϲû뵽㾹׷ǣ
ĽЦżҲɵ󵨣Կ𣿡
󺺣׹£һûУһ·ĥصĳɹƮŵĽζ
ĽҰжףһȥǳε
ǾˣˮȥˣΣֽŽȷʵˣȻ׼Ż
Ľҡҡͷף磬Ұǰϣǻȥ
ã߿ߣףæͷ̧ͷ죺ǸᱨղһХԮģ˸Ϲ
ǺãߣĽͷһһǰϣȻЩʼۡ
ףգҪܲˣȸʹģ
ĽЦЦģף磬ض磬ţ磬磬һܻȥģ
˱ϣɫͷ
ףЦʹܲˣҲֵˣ

ĽЦЦ֪Ϊ˷ܣΪԼһеȣûǣָоů
ۣɫ΢䣬æۡ
Լٶӥʿ磬ףĿĮƹѾγ˰Χ
ȥѾܣ̫ˣ̾ϢһǾ̫٣û뵽ǻһС
ףɫԣգôˣ
ˣĽɬĿ⻺ɨˡ
ף̾գǲɣߣǷǷˣҲûʲôζˣ
ĽüתͷܣȻߣ֣
֣ףһ£ҡҡͷ֣ܽ˶࣬һΧ׽
Ľֻһ·ˣֻƴһˣ
ðɣףεͷ
ĽЦף磬İգƣƴһɱ׬ˣ
ףЦŵͷǰɱӥҲ׳ң
ߣĽЦӰ˳ȥţǵһƬС
ʱԶĺӥѾ֣Լɼڵ
֣Ľǽ⿪һһˣԾϸֱӶУֵλã˷ŵϡ
ľߴ󣬴׳ߵСԽģԽ׳׳ʵģԼ˺ϱ֡
ĽȥˣҲŵϣȻóһɶˣסŵһԣȻ󵶹γһСһֱ£һȥ
Ʈľ㣬ľм׷Ľһľм类ϯɢ䵽Ͽ

Ƭ̹һԼһ˴֣˸ߡ
ĽȥȥˣݽУܿһ˦һľм˳ȥڿɢһƮ£
ˣף磬ȥ
˵գףŽУȻľͷ˿Ϸ죬ѷɱڿգ֪
ʩΪ˷ŽȥȻҶɳۣ䵽УʱʿѾ֡
Ľվ΢۾ЦŴ͡͡͡Х
ڹ֮ʿϡ
ĽЦһźӥһˣ
ЦصþòһƬ
ߣһƺ紺ըڶߣĽü˺ףΣˣ
뵽ˣһЦƮ֮⣬ڿУ۾ХУһһ
ƺ˷ܶʿмû뵽ĽȻɳҪѾˡ
Ľֽۣ֮ǰΣе˽Ұ֮ڡ
һĶãƮأʮʮʿмӴմ߼Ⱦ綾
ת۹ʮʿѾƮأʮԶ
ӥʿӿΧһٶˣΧ飬ˮйֳͨš
һžٶܣԲܲȴܻסҪ
ڶų䵶ϺӳǿµĿ⣬ˣĮ飬翴ˡ
Ľɱô࣬ȴŭֻеĮޱĶ
һǹ֣׷׳ּʱ׼âȻǴ˶ġ
ĽתͷΣЦ

Цʲôһըס
Ľ˳ȥһʿվԶϣ丩ӣߵӪˣ֣
ĽЦЦҽӪźӥһʧʧ
ʿ˰УòΨһ˫¶⣬䣬ֱ͸ģƱˡ
Ľ²⣬˵λӦòͣƽʱϰ˷ʩ
һһĨȥϢ
һ죬һ⻡ķ˼ķһֻӬʿдЦǲм
ĽЦЦȻǸ֣
ȻӻͳһСʯӣ˦Ůɢ顭һƬУǰŵʮʿˡ
䣡ʿ
ʱΧĹ䣬Ľ
ĽЦһȣٿʧԭأʿ֮Уŷ׷׷˳ȥؼ
ʩչЩʿףľ׮죬ƾɣֱ͸ףݻ
ʿһХŭȵȫɢ
ʿʱɢ˷ܣڲԶֱӷλ۶ȥٶȼ졣
ĽҲȥ׷ֱӿǰһǺڼʿѹ˹̩ɽѹ
飡һƺ˶һƣͬʱһ
Ľһû뵽ǰ˸ͰԵԼѪӿǺ
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úʵأȴȣƮ˲伴һԲֱĨδ
Ľ𳤹εʣӭ
ͣһ죬Ľغˣ첲ѾѪ

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׿ұֹۣסѪصʣһźڼʿ˫ۣһɽ
ڼʿ˫͸Ц̤ǰ䵶ˮɭɭµһˮ
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ԭѹ֣ĽЦġ
ڼʿߵԺӥأ㼴ʹˣҲԺ
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ĽһٿƬƬƮңŲƣ뺮Ϊ裬ÿڼ䲻ݷ֮ʱܿ
ڼʿĵȴκβĽĽ죬֮Ӧѣ·һƬë䵶ôҲ
ڼʿһȣţ
һʧϣٳʱĽϣǶιѪֱ
ĽüҲεֻ㼸£ֹסѪͬʱʩչܿڼʿıƹ
ڼʿίʵ̫һƬ䣬ͨãоΣٽ䵶Ѿ֡
ֱӦƴһ£һѾؿڣȡĽҲѣӢ治Сƣ˭ɱﵡ
ڼʿɱﵣԼķɵ࣬һʵˣ͵֡
ڼʿʧû뵽Ľܹˣ磬ұۣˣٲܶѵãҪȡĽ
֪Ľ֣ɱ̫ѣĻᣬûˡ


271 
Ľˣȴأ徭ղ񹦴ͼͣǿᣬԶʤˡ
ңѧ˾ѧղ񹦸һּͼ֣򣬰Ǳ۶ˡ
ĽգڼʿԼţѹţԷǿԼʽҲ棬䲻⡣
ĽǶ䵶ڼʿֿȭȭͷ紸ͿңÿһȭԺ磬
ĽҴ⣬һȭܲˣԺڼʿѾᵽֻܱ

ת۹򣬰йȥڼʿȭͣʧԶѷĽŲշתС
ڼʿ˫ź⣬˸һ£飬ȭͷԽкĽҪɡ
Ľüôڼıʲô֪ʲôƣʮƣΪϲߣ߰գ
뵽ˣһЦתߣ֡
ߣڼʿһ׷һȭĽġ
Ľβͣ˫ָۣңָһָСĴָָϢ紺档
ڼʿһҪ׷Ľϼһȭ֮ϣȻһϮ纮紵
پҪȴ˵̫ͣһҧȭͷһתƴˣȭͷ򣬻
飡һ죬ȭͷϴӿһ¶סĽС
쳤Хһͣ⣬ҽ
һָһôһָԼұ֤ܱܹղǿԺʹˡ
ڼʿŭһСӣˣ
תߣ漴ȥӥ̤ŻƳȥתۼ仯ΪԶСڵĽ
ϵĺӥﶼߣûһʬףĽ̾һأʬס
ԣԼǴܣңɼȴڴ棬ȡǵ֮Ǳ仯Ī⣬Դȡ

ۣ֮۸ӣΧȷʵûˣӥѾԶƮף
ף˫۾Ľϵ䵶գˣ
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ĽЦûʲôһ׬ˣһСˣ׬һѱֵˣǿ߰ɣ
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Ҳ׷׵ͷλԶΣֻΪĽ˼ˡ
ĽԲ˵Цѽ󣬺ӥΪã
ףæͷߣߣÿߣ
·ʮƥǶѵأȻɢţȴûߣԾһ𣬸ųӰ漲ۡ
Ľһ·УǰٸϹʲôʲôһֱ۾·֮㾡Բǰһһֳ߰ڿڼʿλǰ
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ĽǰæһӰŻ㣬ͣĽףǸǰ
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Ľһף磬Һ棬Ű̫ԶҲ̫
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ĽҡҡͷЦ٣صģܻصǵģ
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ףæȻҧ˶ܿȥʼ׷ӰԽԽ죬תۼʧԶ

ĽͳĴƿһЩҩĨ˿ϣһԺȻʦޱȡ
ЦӰԽԽ죬һǰֱӳ嵽˺ӥǰǷӦ
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ת۹򣬶ʮʿѾغֱѪݻ١
Ľһʿһ߹ЦȤȤӣɴ̣
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ͣһХһǹ׺ݣ޼Ѱޱȡ

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һҧһʩչȼʱȼգÿǹӶž𣬷·˿
飡飡飡Ľһǹкڼʿȭӳȥһһ¡
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ĽȻȼӦԽ飬׽âȴһöżâ
Ľǹһգķ䵽ϣڼʿɫһ䣬תߣȵ
ʿ󣬳߼۶ȥ
ĽȻģȥǽ׷ǣӰٶ죬׷һ׷ϡ
ڼʿβĽȥȴڼʿסǴսһڼʿԶˣٴ
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ֱԼڼʿԺΣգʹʩչȼҲòҪӽڼʿ
ֱѹǣջֹͣȼ׷ˣس壬ףǻϣǡ
һԣתɢסȼû뵽ɹˣӿֱУȼȻϨ
ɢȥʼѧõȽ˳ǣʲô
߰ɣף磬һûˣǳĽߣЦ
ף绶ϲĵͷãسǣ
ʮƥƺƴէȥʮʿǶԣѾǿ
ǽϣѾվӪˣŲӶԶ


272 س
ʤɫһԲĺǲûȤҲ˵ֻԶơ
·ƴüϣԶ״ʱ·֣ʵôû˰ɣ
Ƶģһһأð칦پһӣֵð칦򣬰ܻͲˡ
·ŵͷִֵüϣԶһȻʣôòɡ
ѭԶһŤͷʲ谣ҲƵĻش𣬲ٵȵȡ
תͷһۣ·ͣһ

ĺһȰͷ书ǿܣµģİա
ʤתͷĿģŤͷȥ
ĺȥͷҲסӰܵÿ죬˲ãҲġ
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ĺҡҡͷ첻˵ΧǸ˵
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ӥ죬ջûӵףܵϣͣϺǲ׷
ף׶༪٣˻ã»׽Ҳԣʮа˾ű׽ʮӥףܾҲܡ
뵽ʱΣ絶ʣϼŤ˫档
һΣҪϺ󣬲ӷһߣĥսɱôһ죡
Χ˶˼գַߺޣԺӥ֮ǣ񣬺ӥӥ
ӥһƬƣգֺ־壬ˣĽҪȥǶš
ӥ̫ʢӪӪԲУξĽȥӣ˶ס
ΨʤǼڲƽ¥ĽĴҡ

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ģǲ˵ֻһĶϱߣֻǽͷɱ
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⡭⡭ָЩԾʤ
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ﳤȥԶȥһ

éͷǲ˰ɣɱʮӥ˭ţһ󺺴չЦ
éͷתͷһ˵˵ʮƥӥ
󺺳һİƣ˷ܵĪģ
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ˣܺȾƣ
ʤһ֣ǾԲƣ
Ӫ䳡ϣ˷׷׿ʼʮƥⰰ̵ϸߣЩʵڻϲ


273 Ѫ
ʱִıһ㣬Ϊѵãʮƥߴۿںܳ
Ӫʿ˵ǻ飬ǲսսѣȳ˸ӣ˺绢
ǸϲʤֵߵߵźȺС˸߲ҡ
ʤƥƥЦݣУЩãð
ĽЦЦսϵսƷԼУǾйأ˭ҲΥ棬Ǳ
ʹΪϹ٣ҲΥ棬Լ£˾㣬ۣס

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ϸ΢ЦҡҡͷСһѽ

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ЦҿģСһܵƤĶأ߰ɡ
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Ľʤ˵һƥƥڿ˻ϷЦ·ŰϹˡ
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СĵҶæҿҸɾطñŷ硣
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Сͯţʤ·ҲһĽݣܸͣɾһ˿ҡ
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Ľչȥ䵶ͷãеĴңǱõû⡣
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Сͯóһխľϻƺ֣⻬Բ󣬳óĥ¡
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ϴȡöͭ룬ĽΧȡöľ룬ĿλãȡΧ
һʮ룬̣һöһö϶磬鰲꣬죬һɴݷ緶
֮һȣ̲ݣʮöͬʱĽȻϡ
ð˿˿һ±סתԽԽѪҲű仺û뵽Ͼһտ

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ЦЦҩֹѪЧԿ
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ĽýıӰ˼뷨Ȥ
ȷʵǻ֮ԼҲ룬ָӦҲɡ

ĽϢ糤˳򣬰칦Ӫ˲֪ǵĽȥΪ׶༪٣û뵽ˡ
ӥ֮ͣ˲֪һӰϣ֮ɥ
û뵽ĽܵһȻףˡ
˵Ѿˣ˺ҩָܻжսɱϾʲôǿ
ܴӺӥоˣӪûе£Ӫ֮࣬ܿӡ
˵ڶ죬Ƕ֪ˣеգո˵ӢҲ
Ӫ䳡Ƿ׷״չ뿴һǺǲͷۣܡ
Ľȴһˣһվ
ӿȪѨԴԴϵע˫ȣС뵤·һ޵׶
ӿȪ뵤Ľӷ֣ӿȪСϪעҹ
ӿȪͨɵ֮ȻϲҲȱ㣬˫һ˵棬ɲŵ
֮˫أɲŵ棬һսԴԴϵĲˡ
ϰԪԴԴΣġ
ȥ֮֮ȷʵɲţ޷ʩԼɲԼ
ǣ⣬Ҳ⣬ͷΪ֮·ƣεС
һԼòƴ׺񹦲У򣬽ս¶ڡ
չˣ˭Ҳ
֮ע˵뵣ӿȪӿԴԴûֱͷ
䡭һ죬Ժ·ըס


274 ʹ
ǰһڣҹɫУ漴źҹĻϵһţǰָ
Ѩ͵һ꣬꣬һʱŪ壬оΪ죬޷
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Ľһɹ˴˻۵γһС
˳ʱתؾֹתʱ룬ӿת
ĽֻǰһͷѪ֮һűĤƣٲˮ

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⾹ǽղ񹦵СɣĤɹ
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޴ͼһ鰸һˣƮƮϣȴһ˿΢ЦĿ͡
ף̨ӣˡ
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ڽǰϸĽۣξһЦ򣺡ȻӢۣҴ֮ң֮Ҳ

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275 
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أѸݣױ쾡·ӣ˿õͷѡ
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ʼָ㣬Ľŷʽ򵥣ȴѣ֡šϥ衢硢⡢ָÿһλҪ󣬾֮
ҪסЩҪ㣬ͷĽĿ޴˷գ֮һĶãø졣
һʱ֮Ľѳգú󱳻ģ΢չȵóˡ
Ȼû뵽΢ܳʣϰʱҲڳġ
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ˣܼξһ£ҡҡͷһʽٽ̰ɣȥϸᣬСοǾúܣ
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Ľ֮һأ֪ξԵôнϧѰʿû⸣
˾칦ѧСΣʽͬȻͬÿһ飬죬ʹúܡ
֮󣬶ξһ顪ȱ⡷úöԱá
˾һƱá


276 լ
ĽӹƱһаһţǧһţĽһӣν޿
Ľл˾ݸһǧ˾һЦһȥæ֣ʹãʹãɷҲ
ĽЦ˾ˣСС˼ɾ⣡
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֣˾ߵƴģӻȥð켸լӣˣҲոǮ
ǣл˾ĽǺЦƤЦ
˾ҡҡͷУҲѣ

Ľ뿪΢΢Ц
峿䳡ϣ绢һƥƥڳ۳ңʿХȣַǷ
Ľ˼ۣȻ
ղ֮ͻȴһǴ룬˾Ĺϵ׽࣬ղգһ£ԼͲͣһ£˲֡
˾ѵãѹִﶼôЦǺǵģͰͣȴ˽
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֮ĽϾʱ֣һķרΪӰʺԼ֣ȴ˷ܡ
ӰϻۣĽתסˣһֱͣתмָˡ
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ʧʧʮ֣һ񣺡СŮ䲻£ȴҲ֪ӥײУСʦҹ̾ɾ

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˿ΧǶЩڨڨģ˶ǰʧ̬ˡ
һƣʤù̳Ŀ࣬룬ЦΪ˺еĴʤȸһ룡
˺һ룬׷׷´룬ºЩнʮݹ塣
ʤһʱЦʮһ°ɣǽ첻ֻԷ
ʮ΢ЦбһĽⲻɻɣ
ĽЦЦתͷ羰
ȻһˣȴǷھֵŮӡ
ʮĽߣЮŵ㣬ĺæһλãóط˸һơ
̽˳ĽĿ⿴ȥ漸˻УˣһŮΧڵС
СʦϵôʮЦʡ
Ľתͷţһ档
ʮȻ΢ЦҴСĽܣСŮҲý
ôĽͷ޿޲ɣЦЦһΣ
ʤЦðУһֱû̽ľˣ
Ȼָ˴ɫװʱ
Ƴˣʮ￴ϺԼбȣϵ£ֻģһ¿˻


277 л
ֺһ룬ҲԷſǶɫʮĽмӣҲģ֣ʼЦ֡
ĺЦʮڳһլӣ֪кլӣ
ŶʮһĽЦѽúܣҶߵլӵ
ö٣ĺʡ
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šլӲѽĺ
ǣ󡣡ʮͷ
ĺĽĽЦЦ̫С˲ɣ˶࣬סż̫ܣ
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Ľ˵ֱӵǿԷԹȥլӣ
ʮ΢ЦѽҸ·
Ľοʤʤִߴһ룬ת۹˳롣
ⶬѩң㣬ͷʮ㡣
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˺ܿˮһ㣬ʮ˺ܿӣ˿
ʮ˳ԲˣڣЩ컣֪ĽԾ
˵ŻȻţѹ˵˵ЦԲƽͬ
Ľ΢۾֮ȥվһ󺺣ο࣬Ӿâ䣬Ϊס
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ԲŨܣȭӪľү
·ͷʣǣ˭
΢ЦǷھֵͷҼСݷһӪմʦˣ
·תͷʣУСҪ㣡
˶ĽĽ뷶Сɡ
󺺳˵ͷת뿪ζԲ
ʤǺЦУŮԵѽ˵˵ôʶ˷ҵĴС㣿
ĽЦһָ·֪
·龭˵ˣ̾Ȼ

ŲҴС˵Ĵӵ⣬ͣ濴һۣüһ£ָ糣ѥ̤ڣȭСŮӷλү
һһ񣬳֡
ǶǵһοһηԿΣָŮװһϮɫװ绨
һһʮӳɻԣݹˡ
Ľȭؿա
·æһӣŵĽԡ
վû΢΢һЦСŮ˵λүˣݷãǵմʦлС
СԶԶӦһܿ˴Сĵ͵ϣ˻Ľ˼ۡ
ĽЦЦﲻˣҵıְˣ֣£ҵ
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ԲһüͷЩϲЩүḡɫ
ĽҲ룬һЦ֮ȻףŹȾƵĺˬ
糺죬Ĩ֬Σ΢Ц٣ģˣ
İƣһݺӣһֻľϻСɾ£дҩһС
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ȭȻһЦСС˼ɾ⣬ھֵһ⣬ʦĪӱª

УҴƣ·æʡ
Ľͷ·æǰľϻʱĿ·һѿڽеӣ
ĽЦҡͷ̫ˣҵ
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ɨһˣҡͷǼʶ˷ھֵƣȻǵһǷ
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ĽߣûԲӲҲסš


278 
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ĽºЦЦţûʲôÿðɡ
˵ţƽǿҵϢɵĺÿλãĽ
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Ŀԣ鲻мĿڿž졣
俴һۣҡҡͷǼЦ̡
ǽ뿪Եž㡣

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ʤ۾һɣĵУѵûʮ￴
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ʤЦӢǵã


279 Ʒ
ЦеĵӢС޵۹⣬ɲλϣȲ衣
յһڣš
ʤںһڣȾƣһʮǲǹٻ֮糾
Ĵ³Ϊ⣬ЦŵͷǣүǷ֪ݣܼ˴ȣ˵أˣС¿࣬±㳪Сƣˣû
ʮҲǿţʤ̾˿

Цˣûĸ׽ѵϣʵϲ
˺еĸʤһָĽ
ĽϸƷͷѣȹٺò裬븭Ѭ㣬ίʵס
ϺõĲ裬ǺȣڸţιĵǴڴڵĺȣ״Ⱦơ
Ψв谣ᣬϸƷ͸һǴҹӣƽʱһʱԳͬ
ŶתͷĽ
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ͽ㲻׾ʤں
ĽЦЦͷסɣ˵ģ輫ãȣǲͬģ
У߯۶ʤۺߵ

ĽǺЦЦյʾһȣʤΣڶִһڣطŻؼϡ
ͷмȻ룬ҲǿãգĺЦŤͷ뷶ңô鷳
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˵ǮˣǧɲСĿڴǰǿɼҲӴĿ
Уǿɣ
ĽЦٿ٣ٰꡣ

֮۸ӣԲ֮ڽǰѾ˷ӣʮ߲òͬȴҲ
˿ǮգۣǮģȰˣҲûʲôӣֻ
߷˿ֿˣû˵
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ֽܿ㣬һīӡŵ輸ϡ
Ľ߷ˣʮϣĺǣӡ¾㶨ˡ


280 ͽ
ʦ߷˵
˸Ÿ߷ˣʮĸլյԱߣլӣʤ̾
ǰһĻΪ֮˭Ҳû뵽լӾܽ
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С֮ϣĵһشأγһС̳岼鲼ܣеĴ
ʻΧ͸žµϢ
ǲ룬㶨ᴫȥܣʵܡ

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ɼ۹֮ߣбԼɲȱǿŮ˶ϲԼ
෴ԼΪɮˣòϲԼģֺ֮

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߹ɫ΢ߵô˵ǾͲܻϼңֻܴ
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ӰϢûк²ֻǻӹϵܹ类ߡ
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ΣӰʧĽֹ΢Ц
߹ӵɴ۾Ծָ㡭
о棬ع˿裬ȴһڣղһһ
࣬һ¾ˣȷʵܣѧҪѧǰļʦϵ¡
ѧյǼʦȻҲֺֿݣ֮󣬸ţ졣
Уһûһ΢С£ֵһᣬȾͲͬס

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߷˿Ľ̾˿ðɣ϶Ȼˣ͸ʦúϰ䣬ǰһɹһ޳ɣ
߹Ӵǲ˼͵һĽ
ĽЦЦ˷ģȸѧ䣬͵ҲɣĥɲţʱĪ̫ĺݲǣ
ʦʩΪСŮӾ졣߷ɫ
ĽͷЦпŸ߹ӣã깦ܳˡ
лʦ߷ǿЦЦתͷ϶ݼʦ
ݼʦ߹æֱӹڵأͷ
һͷվҪٿͷʦߵŰݣǳ¡ء
ĽּסҡͷЦͳˣʦУͽϣֻӣǽҪı֡
߹Ӵƣȴ˶־
ΪʦûĽЦ
߹æʦҽиͨϣ
ͨϡĽףͨϣ쿪ʼҽķӣܿһЩҪ׼
ʦģҲ¿࣡ͨظ
ĽЦЦԸˡ
ϲʦյüͽʮЦ
ĽҲʱʮܵ㲦һ
ʦ˵ЦʮȻЦ


281 
ɫ죬ĽЦһ㡣
ŷӦһṦĽһͽܣɰ̾УҲѽ
ʤеУ˸ͽܣǴϲ£Ҫͣ
ԣһٲƽ¥˸壬ȥƽ¥Էÿζʹ꣬ǵ顣
ߣƽ¥Ĳˣȷʵ鴫˵ǻʹڵųʦҲ֪٣ζȷʵûԹζĲˡ
ĽЦðɡ
ʤ˵У٣Ͳȥ˷ٴӪ
ãĽЦŴӦҲ㲦һͨϡ

ȻէΪʦͨȴеüΪȻ͸ʦȸͨʹһ㡣
ʵϣ˲Сˣȴһ֮С
ͨҲŤ͸
ʦɡ߷˵
ĽЦȿˣºȲΣ
ǡ߷ͷ˽ţһԺȻʣԳɡ
ԺӼ󣬶߽һ᷿ǼݣۣÿһӶܾ¡
ǽһƬ֣ԺԲԣɽһʯʯлһ¡
ӹǽͷ죬ʱģϢƽͣȻ֮С
Ľ̾õط
ʤǣȴûжãܣȥݲݣǸо
ǰ棬ˮƣһСżֻлݣзӣͲ
ʤУǶס
ΣĽЦʣתͷסݰɣ
߷˵СŮӽ
ĽƬ̣գס滨԰Σ
߷һ£æͷá

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ĽָָΧͷסݣĺסߣס᷿Σ
ʤҡͷɣˣסݣǶס᷿Ӷúܣ
Ľûٶ˵ͷͬ⣬Ǻðɣȥ濴
˴ԱһŽȥȻ԰ȴһƬԲкɻϽмˮ鿡
ܽдУг˰Ȼ
ʤʱϲЦð
СϽˮ鿣Уһ÷ˮ棬»֡
Ľͷ£ֱʲ
߷ǿЦЦɷЩû˲ٵǮɷĳ谮ݳޡ
Ľ⼸ˮ鿣ɷ˰Űգֻǰ棬ߣ˷ġ
лʦ߷һ£²⣬۾ɫ֮԰ʤǰ
լӣȴóһкξģ
ĽЦһʤ
ʤֿ߷ˣֹɫ
ϲеãһ仰Ͱˣʹ죬ɫϣɫѣ
ĽЦǻȥɡ
ߣ˺԰ԺصǰСϣ˴£ܿѾ衣
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СѾò㣬Լʮ꣬ޢ껪ʤǼ¶ɫæ²裬Ҫ˳ȥȴ߷˽סˣ֣Сţȱߣʦ
ˡСѾ߹
߷˵СţլӽǴʦˣʦǳ϶ʦ
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ĽЦ̧֣ض񡣡
룬Щ£з˴ǴˣҲЩ
ǡ߷˵ͷڰ֣Сųȥˡ

ɢȥʤȥԼӣʮ߷ʰӣֻĽͨϡ
Ľڸ߱УŸͨϣһԲ
ͨϿʼĽӣʾһĽˮȴѹԽԽɽѹֲ֧סˣͷ㷡
ιĽյһڣͨϣ֪ΪҪΪͽ
Ϊô̧ͨͷ
Ľҡͷǳˣ䱿˵㣬ɵ˵ȴҲɿͣ㣬ܲܳΪʽӡ
ôͨϻϲЦ
ĽЦЦҵʦУڲ֪ܲû㣬úֻһʱ䣬ãʦͽԵݾ㾡ˡ
ǣʦͨͷ漴ͷʦҪʲôѽ
ħգøĽ
ͨʼѣȷʵ˰ͷҪҪ׺񹦣ȴǳɲ
һ׺񹦣Լݾй¶ңδ壬ֱ׺Ҳʺϡ
⣬׺񹦣񣬽ضһǧʤٶȡ
ţǿᣬڤڤ֮еֱԽϸһ۸ͨϣ֪׺ϡ
ĽЩһֱ˼̽
һֱڹѧĲ𣬾֪УҲ
ԣУľˮȻΪһҲУ׺񹦣ˮʵѡ
ʣǼֻͣһ𣬴һʵˣֺ֮
Ľû뵽һͨǴˮʡ

ĽףԼʲΪˮԣ׺Ѹ٣ʹȻ
ͨԼʵڣǲúܡ
ͨ˴ˮʣ׺񹦣ˮȻ죬˵ѹأȴƽأˮɵͨ
ȷʵĽ컯ʹĽʣҲȻνţҪԽֻ׾ɡ
˾ʣڲ׺ɶԣݴھӪ˶֮࣬ƽǧˣʵˣΨиͨһ˶ѡ
˲ţܷŹ˿ĽԸ߷˴ݼڣոͨΪͽˡ
ĽˣĿ֪˲ܷ֮ͨʣȴܲСǱҪġ
ĽҸղʩչķħ򻹲򣬻̷ˣٴġ
ǡͨͷ˷ɫ
ղŵķħüѣһѧˣûܿǰҲûá
Ľǿʼһһʽн⣬һָź֮Ϊġ
ڸͨи漸λʦѧǼλʦ䲻Ķס
иһ֪ͷʼѧ׵ö࣬ҸͨԺܺãȷʵһѧͻᡣ
Ľķ֮УѾԭķħȴ
ĽԾˣ书Ἣǳͨ׶Ȥζͨýζ֪Уʱȥˣǻƻʱ֣ͨѹ
ֻһһһֱڹУ԰Σǰδеרע˷ԡ
ȻʦʽʮȤһѧͻᣬ𵱳λʦöʣֻҪϵ¡
Ľһ߽⣬һͨϲУֱӦã֮󣬸ͨϱ֮
Ľͱչʶѧ֮һЩ֣ʹʽܼסѧνޱȡ
Щʽһһͨϲ⣬ʶ

Ųʤӵʮ߷˽ʤЦУڽͽѽ
һֱΪͽǼ٣˽ӽ˶棬ǸС
ĽתЦôæˣ
ʤİƣ߱ϣһߵУ㵹͵ţĸɻУ
ĽЦеģյһڣͷΪ͵գͨϸдһΣ
ʤ֮Աǡ
ĽЦһ紫йΣ
Ҳ۸СʤƲƲ졣
·վٺЦУɣ
áĽͷתͷЦͨϣ֣ƣ
ǣʦͨ˷ܵĵͷ
룬տطͨŹ·ִ浶ǹıȡ
ĽŹؼʱһԱ֤˴˲ˡ
ʼɣʤִһ
·̤ǰһֺֿݡ
ɵǺǵģ̿࣬һɷˣֿ磬ɱ˵
飡һ죬·ɳȥڵϹͷ𣬵ɴ۾һԻ
˿·죬ͨϵĹ죬һؿڣ˳ȥ׾١


282 
Ŀɿڴ·
·죬ĲֻԻ󣬺ûѹ˰Σͷ
˵գһţͳͨϣ磬һƥϯƱȸղŸʢ֡
ͨĸ㣬֮ʣһɨŵ·ֱ׼ȷС
·һַɳȥǡ÷ʮ

ʤһȴųʮŸضȥ
ɴ۾ĽļɳɲûۼųҪظѪ
һֻյȻ£ǡڳǰһ죬յһ񣬶ʱбɳȥյأˮĽʪ˵̺
ĽЦſһʮʤǳһպգ˿·
·ַ˳ȥͨһɳһ·ɳȥƶ
ǵʦ룬һ֣ҪȫԸԷû˷ͣ£ɱ
ңʦղҲ˵ˣ飬ҪǵСԼ
ȸԾû뵽ʦָԼһ磬йôǰĸԼҲ˵Ķ֣
ʦתͷЦ
Ľͷţûѧ
·ؿվǺεЦĹĹ
ӣ߯ûãһСһﶼԸˣʤߵ
·ĵͷûãСһĺ
ȥȥȥǻ֪ʤڰ֣ΪȻ
·ЩգߵͷҪһӮˣҰһµף
Ӵ㵹Ӳʤüëһ
·ߵ£
ʤһİƣãôˣ
أ·ʡ
Сӣϻһʤ̧һ£䣬룬ûŶ
ǲһ·һ䣬תͷСߣúñȣ

ͨĽԾԾԡ
ĽЦͷɱ֣ܵɻﳤҪɱʮˣҪСˣ
ǣʦͨͷ˷ܵʤ
ʤЦУֻһ磬СӾܴӣģ̵зţ
ĽЦЦͷСģ﷭
ߣӣҵģʤڰ֣ЦСʦĪۣ
ĽЦͷѿ֮Ҳ㣬ֵ׼°ɣ
ʤεʣںһ֣ߣɣ
ͨ˫չһһԾ𣬵ͷ£뵶ɽƣ
ʤֽӭȥӵ磬ֱֱնȻҪӲӲʤɣЩȴҲ˵ʲô
ͨڿкȻУ»Ϊɨ仯ʤȻӦʱһգ󱳰һ
ףʤһȴվˣתһã£Ҫиͨϡ
߷߬ӵһɫס
ͨҲһȴ͵һɨһɨʤƨɣʤ˳ȥ䵽ſڡ
·ƴЦͷ
ʤڵƨɣʡ˶ڣæֹס·һۣɫÿ
·ûʲôɫԹЦͷԸķ䣬²òඣ治
ĽЦͷΣ
ʤûĺߵӣ²񣬲µûʲôˣ
ͷҿǵһӮ㣡·ϲĵ
ʤߵС֣ҲЦϽͣɣ

ͨϲ߷ߣ۶ӣһûʲôˣܿࡣ
Ϊ϶ʦѧ䣬಻ԣܺܶĥˤˤģûʲôס
ʣ϶ô
ͨæۣʦܺ棡
ɵӣ߷ҡҡͷٶ˵ʦǰĸ˵ãºٺúʰա
۷׷ףò˼飬ͨϲһͨȭŵģĽһ㲦ʤùǡ
Ѳɣǿôãһ磿
ǲɣһжƷˣôõĿôູˮһֵá
ĺУô£
ĽЦЦɫ仯۵ף΢Цûʲôͨϻ飬ϷħԱˡ
ѧľôĺĵʡ
ĽҡͷҲô˵ɱеĹ򣬸СɹǲͬģܻΪһ̸
ǣһ˾ܴùǣĺ
ĽЦЦһͨϣܴùһʮͨϣȴ򲻹ʮɱйСɹ֮𡣡
ĺ죬Щ˵ڣȴһҧ˵УҲ̽ǣΣ
ƤЩҿĽ
Ľһ£ͷѧҲ˽Ҳ̴ֻܽ׷ħ
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ĽЦѧ˷ħ˭˭ͣͿԵĻˡ
ͨϾһ֮⣬ֻҪ׼ܴùǣ

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˸׷ڲպӪ٣һ˵˵á
ʮﻹǸˣЦȥƽ¥һȥɣ
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Ľ΢΢Цһֱ˵ʮһۣȥˡ
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ĽЦãԲᡣ
ҹĽͿʼǷħ׹ڹķ⹦ѧѧͻ
ͨѧķħźɣʵķѧĲһ
ϾͨҪ·ӣŹķˡ
ѧҲܿ죬һѧʽ˴д裬ˣĽ̸ͨһ㣬¸书ιС
ޣˣҲܿУ󣬸˸߲ҡ
ڶ죬һħ
ͨϿһǸԼѧĲһǵ⣬ʦԼ
糿ʱĽִһУȻ룬Լȥ򣬲Ҫֻ֪һζĿ
뿪լӣȥߵĸϽʮǰƽ¥ɫ磬緹һʱ
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һŮϱݺϣе׳ʵɷȻŮĽᣬң˶ʮ
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࿴ۣȴʤǺݺݵɻȥһģǵĽҡͷѡ
һȦ˲ٵĶǲڵȥ˲ƽ¥

СæӭŹ֣λүҪż𣿡
𣬻һ䣡ʤǰͷ
СһæͷϣǼΣ
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СʱЦ棬һЦλүһֱúţģ
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뿪ûǣΪ֮أ˻أ¥ʲôè壬һ⣬Ӧ
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ĽʱüҲ̫޼ɵˡ
һգȻһϺ¥ը죬˶䷢顣
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ĽԭǷھֵˣǰɣ
Բ󺺺ߵͺ¿㵹Ǹˣ

Ľɫһһͺ¿ѵͲɮ֮ŭ𣿡
ߣûһöԲں
Ľվȭˣкδͽ̣ܻµ޲㣡
ѽ㻹ʹ죡Բ󺺶ʱϲٺٵ˵ɱ˲ٵԱǾͱȻһ°ɣ
ĽüǷھֵˣֻ֪ɱУ˱ԣ
ߺߣ˵úֻɱУҵҪƣмƲƲ죬ǵĽͷһ
һĲĽǿŵСס
Сһû뵽ͻȻԼܶ˳鵶ܹ뵲סһ
һȥϺڣСԼֿԣܸӲӲӦ˺һģ
ѳˣԼСֻӲȥ뵽ˣ˵ϡ
ͣһХĽ˦һ֡
һӺȻı䷽򣬱Сףȴڹ⣬ʱһֻӡ
Բɫһ䣬˺һɴ۾Ľ
ĽüûµĻ°ɣ
ͺ¿ȻмֵУԲ󺺺ٺЦŭһٴλӸһĿĽ
Ľͷվһȭ
顱һУ󺺷˳ȥֱ˷ţ顱һ죬¥ƺһ¡
СףţǳǵġĽ
ĽһȭǡûиͷĲ棬ޱȣǿĽǰȴֵһᡣ
С˸߲ҵӦһ˿ĭ˷ܵĹţλӡ
УһȭʤƴЦ
ĺЦһȭѷҵˣ
ĽЦЦĺΣҵƶ
ĺֻҡͷٶ˵
˭ҷҶ˶Ĥۡ


283 
˵Уűƿһ˻Բ󺺣һˣȴǵķ
ʮ࣬ó˵ͬһңҲƣȫͬ
˲һݣӳɻԡ
ĽɨһۣĿϡ

ݣ˫ݣĿӥƺҪ˿͸͸Ÿɰξͦ
վڷǰĽհգƺӥʮӢ
Ľͷֵɣ
ֱ˴ˣ˵˶ʱɫǺ죬ûܹƽͷһΡ
ˣʹ뷶վһҲСĽǰȴǳһ
šһۣ죬ȴֻһ
ĽЦһָԲ󺺣λ̨ѰƣǷ˼ɣ
һ۴󺺣תͷΣΣ
ĽҡҡͷڷֻһС䣬Ȩƣ׸ǲǣ
˵ʲôѽһ
ͺ¿㣬ԼһСССǴСǸԲĵ
Ľø˵ͨ˵컨׹Ҳȥģʡˮ
硪
ԲæٺЦС㣬ɱòã
ʤ͡ЦһҡͷǺôĿ
Բ󺺻תʤСӣʲôˣүүһ̣
ʤүүʤɣ
Բ󺺸һָ
Ľһסˣͷ
ʤߵһ̫񣬺Уղֱʰ˱ǣ
ĽЦЦתͷ֪кδͽ̣ڸлĻ˵ҿܲ𡣡
ҡͷΣֻɺϣԷģû뵽ǣе֮
˵գȭʩһϿС
С㣡ԲӶʱɴ۾޵Ľе

壡մʦд壬֪ˣҪģ
ԲӺߵƴү𷣣ҲҪСڶ
ŪˣҲ
ŶԲһæ˭ĸССˣңȥˣ
壬˭Ҹѽ
ԲЦ˼ǺǣǺǺãҲˣ
һۣŤͷմʦЦˡ
ĽЦЦһƣ˵ʱҧҧĽȻ飬̲סŭҵڵĳ
ΣûԼƫƫ˵ʲôƣֻܰ
Լжֲܺɱֻţѵ޷й
С㣬߰ɣ˶ĽۣȻ
ͷš
˱ȭת̤ӣĽһۣҲ뿪ˡ
ԲҲʤһۣŤͷת뿪
ת۹ڻָƽʤ޺޵ңдд
ĽЦͷλС㲻ˣ̫󣬱Ͼϱǿʳ
ʤһߵУ˾˽ͷôʰǣ
ĺ̾дʷţǳ˽Ҳ޿κεġ
Ľǲ˵ˣԹȥɣ𵢸ˣȥ˿Ҫ£
Զԣȥ˷׷׵ͷҴ⡣

пǣð칦һˣ˾ɲ飬ʮġ
ʮЦ飬ĺѽ
ʤҡͷԣ̾ǲ֪ѽǾ٣ɲˣ˭Ҳ⣡
һָĽ˵аɣ˾Ժпӣ˾棬Ҫãð˶ʮӥģͳɶ
ͷͱûǸǿ󲻵ãĽЦ
ʤһߣУãα
ĽЦЦȾƣʮЦƳһۣͷ仰ǾƧ
ʤĴЦʮû
˵˵ЦЦһ߳ԲһߺȾƣһ;ƺȣߺ󣬾Ծɫ
˵ŻžƣͷϣȻٱ죬Сȥţվ⡣
ǡС
λӡ󼫺ãȻǴС㣬ȴûһҲºͣѵá
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Ľ´룬ЦС㣬ʲô£
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Ľҡͷ鷳ˣǾȥɡ
˵ţЦͷţȥȥ
ţУʲôԣֱӺһǡʤ򣬺ǺЦһ۷
ĽЦЦ⻰³ˣҲҡ
ŷݣԱ߷䣬ȴԱߣԭһֱŵż䣬ݣ˴ţͷ
ĽĽϣԱߣЦС㣬һС䣬кЧ֮
һ£˿ˣ˵ͷ

˵ʦ򾫾ųһ
ĽʧЦҡͷ⻰̫ףС㲻ᣬǴϹġ
Ѩ磬ʦļǼõġ
Ľͷ΢ͨôʲô£
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Ľ˼ЦѲɣСҰæ˿ܣ
ͷǣʦһЩȥ
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Ѿһ˵Ӫһʦ㡣
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һǧ˲Ρ


284 Ķ
Ľ̾˿С㣬Ǳѽ
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°Уɵúãһǣʮë׽ԿԣЦԽĽޡ
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ǧ˲ΣǼֵǣ޼ֲ֮÷Ҫô붯˾ӡ
ξ˿ͣȴܹŰ壬ö۲ơ

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Ĥңңڣһػֹ۹ƣ˵ĻʮҲ޷Բ
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ΨһķӿȪɵһ㣬ٶȻˣչѨ£Ψһǽղ񹦡
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Ľݣ˷׷״ʲô£Ľڰ֣Ц䣬˵лٶʡ
Թ˷ĽʣʮǣǣǣӪܷ
ۻ룬ΡȻ֮Ȼ𾴣۹أֲôܱ߾ȻδԽ˳ǡ
ǣ˻ӪĽСξף򵥵һƣûʲôӿ罭ӱڡ
ò죬ֻȡʽˣΪճжУһȣСΡ
Сλ֮һΣӿò죬ֻ
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ĽһСΣһԺģתϴ辭
û֮ĽõӪһͬǰ֮˷ˡ


285 
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ʿԯϺ˸ɷˣѽɳʿ
ЩˣĽ𾴣ǰ˵˼䡣
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286 յ
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߷ֱϵã󣬽ƮƮ
˷ֱ˼ϣֱŴ֦סͷֻһ壬ñ˷
ϣӸµĸӣɽ¹ٵһš

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˿˿ƮУƢ캵ĽһָԶϵ̫կ
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šͷ̾ʧڣһͰæˣ
ĽȻָԶߺ
һһۣ˵ڶˡ
죬û뵽˺ãܱԼǰһ


287 仯
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һ̸죬Լ֣䳤ϸֲסܿܡ
ȥ̫կĴ󵱼Ѿʧˣڶӵ˹Ѿˡ
Ťͷʦæɣ
ĽͷժºԹϼһ£֣ʱһڹ͡һ죬²
ڹ֮ɼٶ֮죬˲䵽һڹһѪ
˼ᴩͬʱŷ˳ȥ
Ľһһٶ죬ȴ࣬ݸɵһһ֣һڹһˡ

Ľ֪Թ֮ԼǴ߶Ҳ
ãһ˿һ·͸һȻڵζ
ĽˮȻ˵ĺÿһʱ֮䣬ЩȻδ
ˣС㡣ĽЦԹ
ţʱ죬æתͷȥʮ궼ɢڵϣ߾
ǰǶĽΪӣΪй֣ʹ˶ԣȴò
ٺãṦõģ䲻УǿˣãֻܹԹԵıɱʶĽΪ
ǶϳɾȻѣûбֳʱĽ䣬ǳԾ
⣬ԼҪߣ֮ѣʵף׼ޱȣܹɱܡ
ڳˡĽָ±ߣȥһȺ˳֣ӭڶӡ
Щ˸죬һȺϰûڶӡ
ڶԼжʮˣȺȴ٣ңֲףмһֱ֣ɱڶˡ
һæʦְɣ
ĽļΣϣļϣԶҪȥԮѾˡ


288 
Ľҡͷٴ乭һڹףֱȺʱҽ
Ľһμ֧ͬʱһֱ֧ˣ磬ȴ־׼֮÷Ŀѣԡ
һȻӴ󣬵һȷʵ뻯ֲܼõɱպĺӥأ
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Χھ֣вٵĸ֣Ľȴһһɱת۹ֵˡ
дۣ˲õȷӪǰһָ߳λϣɱУ
˵գԾȥҷɳۣ˽ȥϸŷɳȥһٶ˵İΧС
Ų̫Զֿ죬ת۹Ѿȥʮʦһ񣬷ѩһŹ⣬סˡ
书ףҲǵס˺󣡡
ʮֵ书ǿ״æˣűγɵİΧȦУﲻʲôæֻܰԼ˿ڡ
Ľվϣһһת۹ʮˣȴ¶ЦѾˡ
һΣֻһû뵽ҪôˣһգͽκΣֻܵһӪ˹
Ȼǰһһ˹Ȱ֣̤ϣЦŴĽͷѡ
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˸׵ĳ̫կ󵱼ңʲôˣΪΰǣ
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Ľһ֪Ǿ֣ԼУԽпࡣ
û뵽λ̫կĴ󵱼ҵľԼɲֻܷ֮Цһ䣺ԭ̫կĴ󵱼ң
Ŷ󵱼ҵĸ׵һЦȻĳʲô˾ˣǾ
ĽЦӪ£ֽ̫կ

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ĽЦЦ˵󵱼ҵĽ˷ҵڣǧ˲ΰɣǲǣ
ţҲ֪󵱼ҵĿ֣һۣСһǧ˲ΣĪĶ˰ɣ
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֪󵱼ҵ书һ֣׶༪١
һĳԮĽһȴ룬ǰȻһһֻǰתۼܿѾ
飡һ죬˳ȥڿ³һѪ
С㣡ϴʧɫæɵнס
ǡʱӰ飡飡飡Ҳ˳ȥ
ӸҶһϺȴзɳһӰȰӰߣ˴
顭һ죬һŰӰһŻӰһ𣬴ϴ£ѷѽ⣬֦׷ɡ
ĽһԾأӿȪѨܴ߶ʩչṦΪܿƣֻܿӿȪѨڵ
ӿȪѨ˲٣ȴԶ絤̶ԶѷʩչƽṦԶ
غǰԲѣϢ΢ǴðѪȻҪˡ
̾һӻȡö룬ϣȻתܣ˴
̾ϢҪȷֻ컯ˣ컯û뵽ȴҪڽóȥ
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û̫կĴ󵱼ңЩ˲һСǾ֮ǧ
ӪѧȻָ֣򵥶ɱʮ㣬֮εͬʱ߶ʮһҪ۶֮ѡ
ײʹʮ֮ˣһ˲Ҳס彩Ӳ޷Щ̫կȻӪʿҲһ٣֮Ӵĳ̫һֱֳ̫կһ֡
һ֣̫կ˸ǲã亷£Ͼûսƿҵвɻҡ
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ĽͷŻԲѵķ̾Ϣһӻȡһֻƿһ컯룬ϥߣ˫ֽӡ
ʱӿɢȥת۹еĲ׺ӿѸٵαһ졣
۾ҡͷ̾ϢһȻĤʧĤȷʵǾᣬеܳɡ
תͷˣһӰһӰһѷѽ⡣
ĽףӰǷҵɱﵣϧЩûܾ·
˲õ飬Ѹʩչغ㼸£˷ЩĹ
һʩչԪһתͷܣӪʰսʱвҽҶξѾȻָ׷

ӡһУĽЦ
ʣô
ûôĽЦ󣺡ţãҶһˡ
ϸ壬֬Ȼ
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û뵽һ˵Ʒô죬òֻܱܿܰһƣƷʤ
ǣ죬죬ûмأǡеļ뵽ˣתͷĽ
˭Ľתһָ档
Ҷүү
Ľͷֲãϧˣ
뵽ˣת߸ǰǻãûбĽ˿һߣת֡
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æʵβôˣ
ĽЦЦѾްˣ˵ҡ
ȵİɣ΢Цʡ
ĽЦŵͷѽľˣҪúñѽ
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ĽЦǺǵĿЦ
Ȼһ죬ݺһۣ˼Ϊ
ߵ㲻ȥҶξ
Ľͷд⣡С㣬𶯣һȥȥ
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ʮΧڵϣӳѪӳ鴤˫۴ţǲ벻ᡣ
ʹʣȴ޷룬׷ͷɫ
ĽƮÿ
˽е㣬գܾ𣿡
Ľͷţܣ
ֳҪطˣǱȥΧһȦסˣ
ĻǼٵģܾΣ˲ŵʡ
Ľڰ֣ٷϻҲȲˣ
յģﶼתȥһ󺺳
ԣ׷ת粢ż磬һ磬ΧסĽˣû˿Ρ
Ҳ˺棬΢΢ͷ۾ֻĽϥ£˫ֽӡ漴һģƣ㼸¡
ʱĽɫɷף˻ΣƺҪ¡
ϵͬȴͣס鴤ѪҲˣǳһæתͷȥϢȶѾ˯ȥˣ


289 ̽
գ㲻Ҫɣ˹еʡ
ǰΪĽ˷Ӫ棬ȴԺ󣬷׷׹еĿĽ
Ľɫ԰ףʱᵹ£ףⶨĺ֢һˣûдۣǹƽġ
ҪˡĽڰ֣֮£𴫳ȥЪһͺãɸİɡ
á˷׷״Ӧº棬ʲô㼸£ܾ
ǺһǱ֮ˣǱΪҪ˵ģȻȻˣǷ˼漣

ĽһɫȻһ䣬˼ʧǰֻʣ顣
Ľ˸£˷ǰεʣһնȥ磬˲ն̫կ󵱼ҵġ
Ľû뵽Ǹȴûܲס󵱼ҵģŻɽһֱŷԲǰϹһ
һȥѱ
һ죬ȴǴ󵱼ҵָһе
Ľһһʱɳʯ׷ɣ϶ǿ
Ľһţǽϵľ˽£ν֮󵱼ҵĻһ˺һĽû͵Ϯ
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̾һʦǷңԼȥɣɱң׷ġ
ĽҡͷĻ˵̰㶪£һˣȪ·˶㣬Ҳ㻵£Ҫлλ󵱼ҵĳȫţ
ʦǳˣĪ˵Щ԰׵һƬ죬绨
ĽǺЦһҡͷ֮ˣһأˡˡ

°ЦʵҪѣֻҪʩչȼ˦λ󵱼ҵˡ
һֱûʹȼһǲᣬѵãҪʱ䣬ܲȼͲô
ߣ֪˲ڣӶõ
ȻΪ˷ҳȡ˲ΣԷʵûкøУʹԷкøУǣİȡ˲Ρ
˲ελý󵱼ҵ֪˵Ȳãǹ̫կҲá
һǧ˲ε䣬ڴ󵱼ҵϣȻֱɱҪ̽һ¡
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ĽЦİգʮΪϲߣؼʱһߵģ
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ʱ򣬶Ľȫıӡ󣬲ǸĴУһλ䣬ηӺɷ
ĽƮʮ⣬վϣŴ󵱼ҵƮƮһ紵ס
󵱼ҵվϣСӣû뵽Ǹϧģϧˡ
󵱼ҵģΪ˲Σɽկֵ𣿡Ľҡͷ̾Ϣһ¶顣
ɽկ󵱼ҵЦߵƾЩȥ߹ܻ̫կǳ˵Σ
ĽЦ󵱼ҵûʮʣһ̫կȫ˰ɣ
ߣЩһ²㣬࣬˵ɾ󵱼һЦ
Ľ΢۾аݣû뵽󵱼ҵӲˣҪ赶ɱˣ̫կЩˡ
˼ת⣬ΪҪ̫կˣѲҪа

ת۹Ѿת˼
漴Ц󵱼ҵģ֪˲ںδ
ٺ٣֪󵱼ҵЦҡͷԭҲ̰ͼ˲ģ
ĽЦ֮ˣܲϲ֮Ʒ˶֣˲Ƕʮޣ
˲˲֮Ʒ˶֣ƣߣ˲β䣬ѸٻظԪս
ôã̫ݳޣ˲θԱҩɵҩӶҩЧΪ鵤
˼Ʒ˲Σɵҩѵһ鵤֮ҩ
󵱼ҵĵ˵˵ܸܲ㣿
ĽЦѲɣ󵱼ҵţǿҪܴ󵱼ҲС
СӺôĿգ󵱼ҵЦмĿ
Ľף󵱼ҵĸԼϻΪ˻ָԪǻ߾ķӴ
Ľֵˣװ֪һֱĻȴʩչͨ̽˲εľλá
һϲ̽λãǺЦȻ͡һХ
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ĽЦ󵱼ҵģҪȡԹ޳ֻǷаˡ
Сģ󵱼ҵЦɫء
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ΪһŮˣֵˣ󵱼ҵ俴
Ľ̾ŮˣˣΣѡɣǻϼ£
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û뵽Ľһ̧֣ȴʲôҲûָһ°ˡ

һָŵƮһߣ裬ʱһܹº˪Ľ
Ľ΢΢һЦ⣬һָ
ͣһХһָƿն󵱼ҵæһܿˣһ
ĽǺЦʵʵʵʵ飬󵱼ҵģָʹΣһ
áָ󵱼ҵĳߵ
ĽһָͣһХֵָǰưߣܹˡ
ĽһָָһָָͬʱһХˣһϢ
ͣ󵱼ҵӳһСһæƮһ䵽һϣɫ΢䡣
Ľһ˫һʱ˫ͬչһָ֯һΧȥ
󵱼ҵɫ䣬μˣҵס塣
ָ죬֦ըΪĩƮ£һƬĩУ󵱼ҵβ
ĽһæתԪָʩչ׺ָʱͬãʩչԪ
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ƮǰϣղŵḶ́ʦ㾿
Ľҡͷ̾С㣬ұܣ
ʦԭˡĿԾĪ
Ľͷǣұֵӣ׷ɱֻܶӪû뵽ǱܲԹ
ʦʲôˣ
ĽЦЦҲ
İɣҡͷЦʦûţ
ĽЦһհɣֶѣֻһŰˣ̫棬С㣬߰ɣǶүүѽ

ǻ߲д󵱼ҵģ;Ȼ뿪ˣʹվԼƴȡ
ƾԼһεס󵱼ҵģʵڽң˲׺ָʾǿᣬԴ󵱼ҵĲðա
ǻˣ󵱼ҵҲˣԼҲסָ֮Ǵ۽硣
Ȼʦܹ棬ʦģ
ĽҡͷЦ˾£ûʲô
һȻ˾
ĽͷҾϰж̣Ҳͷˣ߰ɣǴ󵱼ҵٻɲúܣ
СΣٶȴͲˣ򣬷˾ʵۡ
ţ߰ɡɫһ䣬æͷ
תͷһܣүүҲ֪ûա
ϼһܵòӰˣĽҡͷ̾ǷҴС㣬ƴȵģ
¶һ˿ЦֻһŮˣԷأǶүүҪǼҵһ֡
һһ֣Ľҡҡͷ̾ڷҹòѽ
ûʲô˻Ŷסҡҡͷ¶һ˿
ĽǺЦãһС㣬Ȼǻ۲


290 Ʊ
ЦЦƽͣǻȥ̫կɣﲻ֪ôˡ
Ľ̾ɺǣ
֪󵱼ҵ˼֣ΣԼȰ趼ξԼ֣Ӫ
˵ǰжԹͬһӪͬۡ
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šͷû
Ľ⣬ǲűˣ¶Լ죬°̾ϸܣԽʲôˡ
ں󱳣ĽƮƮģ빦죬Ϣתã
̾һȻ٣ϷϢ֮Ҳ
һ߸̾ţƮ֣ʱӪҪ÷ţת֡
Ӫ˿뿪۷׷ס

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һһĽŹȰ֣һһ֮䣬Ŷʮɡ
һĽͣʩչԪ񣬸ʤǰѨһ֡
оϲѧ档
ϧÿʩչ׺񹦣Ҫ˾ʵڷǳ鷳ûʲôõĽ֮
ܲߴ䣬Ϊ̣
ԾԾԣ֮һҪһԡ
ʩչٶȼ죬ת۹򴩹֣ʮһǹֵֹֽԱС
һӶһӹǵһɣͣ²ҹΣһ޷֣ߡ
Ľ΢۾֮۹ķ󵱼ҵѾһɽկ
һ֮ٿһŽݣȴ󵱼ҵϣ˺ѣ¶ͭɫļһӡں档
Ľ֮̾ۿν͸ǽڣ뿴ʲô˾ͿʲôˣԼ˸°ѳֲס
ĶүүһȻжܽʵʵӡڴ󵱼ҵıϣҲһơ
һƻһƣֲҪܣҲˣѱ˿ȴԼԩˡ
ˣܣˣʧȥǵĺĺͿ£ϳɾļһϣѳ֡

˼֮У󵱼ҵĴӴͷСȡһֻƿһöˣŴϢ˹ˡ
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תͷС㣬ǽȥܲ
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Ľ֮۸һۿ͸ʵʵ飬ֱӵɽۣٷ޵Ԩ
Ľһʯ޵ԨſĴ죬ںףֻ޵ĺɡ
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ĽЦǺã۰ɣ
ʦ̫СˣЦ
ĽЦȻһ£ǵ÷һ漴üĽ£޷ɴ档

顱һ죬ֻһ֮ͣ
תͷһƣԼվһƽ̨ϣһԨһǶֱʯڣ̦
̧ͷһƬɽ
һҵ˵طˣ漴ü䵽ȥˣʯ̦֣ʩչṦ޴ֻñι
ι̫ɻУʮɾѣϵضˤͬԧˡ
Щɣɲ˵ĵطʦ𣿡
ĽͷţӦôˡ
ְʯڣ̦մ֣һƬ̣ͷˣ
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µˣʹҲǴĻأǴ򲻿ģʯ˽ʵǿײܡ
ĽЦֻǿƿˣûء
⡭˿̧ͷ棬ãסգ򲻿ȥǧѡ
׸ˡЦ
ĽЦҪҵİɣ
˫ưʯϣһ˼ͨ˫ƣȫעʯڣʯڵʵ
ʵת仯ͨ仯Ӷ顣
Ҫ㹻ܶʵҪԾվԦֵ㹻ǿᾫһ׶㡣

ݣХ䣬˸æסҲŻ´Ľ
Ľһ˲˲ȻרעӺܶˣؿڴֱͨңȻˣæŤͷ
飡һ죬Ľ˫ưʯڣ¶
ϲ˷ܵĽĽƽԱߣһκף˫һǰڶϡ
ת۹ĽѾͨһ˸ߵĿ̤˽ȥǰһƬڰڲָ
Ľ۾ж磬֮۲ܺڰӰ죬ǰһصֱͨһ
ΪǴﵽģû˿أʱһƬ֣ߺ
ʦ֪⴦صģ
Ľ΢΢һЦҡͷй¶
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ĽҡͷһҲϹèӡ
ҡͷʾţһ˿ǣѲɣҲ̫կˣԼ뻢ڣ
ĽһۣҡͷʧЦİգҲ̫կˣ
һ죬æʦܷ⴦أ˼Ҳܲô룬ʦĪ֣
ĽЦ޷ģۡ
ʦͨɴġ
ĽЦŵͷţҴӵ޶еͨͨһִţ࣬ܽѡ
ţ׵ġæͷ˫۷Źⶢû뵽ͨһֱŵġ
ĽΧһۣЦЩֻûԾ÷˼ʵƽĺܡ
ͨ˷ܵĵ
ʱһͨŮ侲ķҴС㣬Ľÿɰ
ĽЦЦͨҲûʲôԣ书Σѣ书ã˵ʱ򣬲緹ãԣͨҲܣޡ
ʦͨ˷ܵĵ
ĽͷЦǣǳֻܿԶһЩô

ԭǴʦ⴦أȻ̾
ĽЦǹȥɣ󵱼ҵĿɲöԸ
ʦˣʡ
ĽƮǰͷˡ
Ǻõúܣ͵Ϯǡ
Ľҡͷ͵ϮܣҲӹ֡
ǴʦƵ˲βʡ
Ľͷţ˲Σֻܴ
ǻʲô£Ц
ĽȰƮ򣬿ЦǴ򲻹ʱҲѣһ˿ν֪
дʦڣҲŲ¡һЦ
Ľѱ
Цеĵʦгɣȥ켫ģøһȥ
ĽҡͷʧЦ֣յկӣʱǶȥǰɽפأŮˣСҲȥ֣կһƬ
һСɽɽϣĽߴһСԺƮȥ
ʲôˣһȣһƮӣվǰ䶢Ľˡ
ĽһԲ乭ͣһХڹ
顱һ죬һȭڹ⣬ʱ˳ȥײǽϣǽڷ·һ¡
һѪҪλһʱʹӿǰһ󷢺ڡ
ʲôһ˷ɳӭڹ⡣
һһֱֱ׹£ܹöĽһ
ͣڹ
һǣΪһˣٿĳԱһߣֿܿȻһȥ˫۴ɣĵĶĽ

ĽЦЦŵһָȥָƿ˵ĵĵˡ
Ľ²ͣһ顱һ죬ը¶ϵĴ󵱼ҵġ
󵱼ҵ۾ЦһôĵӣҲɱ㣬㵹
һ˦֣Ľæһͬʱʳָһ㣬͡һХ
󵱼ҵƳһƣһһ˦һ㺮֣Ϊ죬ٶ죬ĽһܣѾڡ
Ľǽö룬ϸëƫƫ
룬ѩ覣׺ԣûͨɣڿзʱ޿ɱܡ
飡һ죬ָײ󵱼ҵĻһ¡
Ľչֱָָָ󵱼ҵֵҲסôָء
Ľһָ߳ѹƴ󵱼ҵжһߵͷĿһɨڣһΣͷ񡣡
ҧͷȻأ΢ҪʶãȴĬĽ봽Ρ
ֻһɣϿأͬʱһע룬һ
һ߹ȥһ߳Ѩؿڶʱ΢ۣæһת
Ľվڴ⣬˫ͬʱָأмƮɣƬ󵱼ҵΪǱ
򵥣ֻ齣Σ뵲ҲɵһҧƽȮۣӵǰ򴰻
Ľæˣ˱ָָ߳죬Ƶô󵱼ʩչƴĽ


291 
Ľһָ߳һߺˣת˵СԺǽϣӸ£ָѹƴ󵱼ҵġ
󵱼ҵۻ룬һܣһ߳ƣ³Ľ
ȻһЦغˣ˷ǰһƳֵָһ
ĽҲһЦһڷǰһĳ
飡˫ײͬʱ˳ȥ
ɫһ䣬ŤͷĽ
ȴĽڿУȻ˫һ̤ͬʱʳָٵ㡣
ͣһХȻһƣŨ̹ǰֱᵽ󵱼ǰ˲伴ŻȴǼ졣

󵱼ɫһ䣬ŭһ˫ͬʱƳ
顱һ죬ƽ磬Ժڷɳʯľ
ƮæתͷĽȴĽײǽڣ˽ȥǽڳֹѣɼһײ֮
ʦУɫˡ
Ľ³һڰ֣ˣøɵģ
תͷȥ󵱼ҵѾɳǽ⣬ղһָǿһһֱΪһָ͵Ϯ
󵱼ҵҲҪȻղһָҪȻκ˶СƣΪֻԼ
һָƳ˴󵱼ҵʵȷˣ򣬴󵱼ҳԼɱﵣԼӦ
ܵ˽ղ񹦵ղһƵֱӵ˺ǽϣƺƴȴް
Ľ̾ϢԼ˽ղ񹦣ʹԾԦˡ
Ϯ壬ҪתҲת岻ǿᣬܲסƻתֱˡ
󵱼ҵ͵ϮһΣĽз֮ʣһֱһУ˵˼άжƣ˵һΣڶΡ
ŷԶн䱸֮ʣü֣û͵Ϯһ£ȴûܳɹ
ǽûж󵱼ҵƺѾˡ
Ľ΢˫ۣһ߻ӻ֣ӣϣĴͷ񣬺ܿҵһľϻʱϲ

ľϻæתҵˣ
ţߡĽͷԱ˫ۣȻһУʱ󵱼ҵĳ˽ڿ
󵱼ҵһۣܿĽӣɫ֪࣬ǵĿģˡ
ֺޣ˲ӦֱӴߵģţصҲεãһ֮ȴȡ
ĽŲæڿУȻ͡һХǺ
ķƼõԦżϣ˲Ƶô󵱼һΣƮƮܿ
һܹĽǰ
ſ󱳣Ľһǽϣ󵱼ҵŭһһ˦֣һ
Ľһܿˣһʧǽϡ
¼Уʩչٶȼ죬󵱼ҵĽ׷ںһֱ룬ȴҲ˦ѡ
Ľɽկǰţɽկһȿڣ洫˻ߺڴߺȣ̫կʵʵͶ򣬷ɽҪ
̫կƿڴûˣò֡
Ľ̫կͷһӶ˳磬ߣ±ȥһҽС
󵱼ҵĽ׷ᣬʸֱһ磬;̫կආʩչʮ㡣
Ľȴ˵ȵУӪʿţһ򵱹أĪ
Ľʱ˳Ϊ֮£Щ˸ûӦѾмأʧȥ˶ֵ
Ľܣ󵱼ҵĽ׷ᣬĽ˫ٴ˺һ䣬ѷϡ
Ľܵ죬棬ȴסӣܼסˣǵֱ
Ľһ£˷Ĵæһſ֡

˺üĽţһü
ĽЦȻһתת˶ߣ󵱼ҵɫһ䣬æӽٶȡ
ɫ࣬գԼˣȻ׷СУǧУҲɣ
ĽǱߣͬɱ֮
Żٶȣ󵱼ҵ׷һΣʦˣ
ĽЦЦҪ׷ϵģ
ΪӲǲɣǰҷ°ɣ˲ߣ͵ҡ
Ľüߵݵúԣ˲ιȻҪܱҪ
ΪУԼΪ
̾ϢһЦЦ˲һλǮС£һھϰٿˣҪд
ʲôˣĽü
ҡҡͷˣñ֪
ĽЩӦò°ɣǴС㣬ھֵˣֲİɣЩأ
һھҶģ̾
ĽЦ㻹ǲء
ѽͷ̾ҵһֻڣͳô©ӣ˶ھ֣Ī꣡
ĽЦðɣº˼룬һأ
鲻αһȭһ£˵ѽ
ĽЦðߣȻЩͬǿҪ֪̫կǣôӦģ
Цʦ⻰ûӺɷţ
ĽѰʿ󵱼ҵģλүүҲָϡ
үүҲˣȻҲò˲Ρ
ĽЦЦûб⣬˵˴˴󵱼ҵģԼҪƴˡ
һֱܣһֱɽŹٵһʱ
գ󵱼ҵĺȻͣסɫ࣬Ľ

󵱼ҵͣ£ĽҲͣס΢Ц˸ʮԶ
󵱼ҵЦңҵҪúÿҾʲô˲𣬾̫կ
Ľɨһ۷Ȼϳ˷
ɫ΢䣬ʦܲɱ
ĽƬ̣ҡҡͷ̾ѣ
ͷǾˣ߰ɡ
Ľٶ˵תߣת۹ʧڴ󵱼ҵҰС
Ľţƴɱ󵱼ҵģ̶ˣܲʹɱ˴󵱼ҵģԼҲֲ˺á
󵱼ҵ书ȸߣսթʤˣǲҪƴá
صһ£վ֣ŷԻ򣬷Զա
˻ԭ֣ڵϣ˹ϢĽһ´ס
ʱС㣬ȶһӣҪ
Цӯӯĵͷţ֪һġ
ٺò£ұܣĽЦһȭ
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ĽһЦת̤ȥҶξϡ
ҶξѵһĽԿЦһһԭȡ˲ΣΪշˡ
Ľʧķ
ҲĽ뿪һߵС㣬ǼϼһûãôСܾˡ
ԶĽʧķҡҡͷûʲôǴ󵱼ҵ̫үүκβá
С㣬λǸһЦ
ЦùŹ֣һۣߵŲǺУ
ҡͷ̾ϢѽǺУϧˡ
ԱһС㣬ҿв⣬ĪҲΪ˲İɣ
΢΢һЦܰɡ
УµãӦȷʵΪ˲ΣȻҲõ˲Σȴˡ
ǧ˲οǼֵǣΪκȻأ

ϺأҲ̫С֮˰ɣǰüĵҿй䣬Ļ֮ˣ
ߣ֪֪治֪ģϺسɫ䡣
ǺУǰߵ
ϺΣŵİҲ٣
Ŵ̶һüҡͷˣ˵ˣǸûȥˡ
ѶŰɣС㡣һߵ
ͷӻͳһöܣȻһܵײߣʱһ߿Хা졣
Ľͷһۣһ㹦ʮ󺺼۶װֳֵɭɭ
УֱѰ˷뿪ˡ
֮ʣĽһԵ˵
ĽЦС»ȫ˺֣
Цһүүɵˣò˲Σǲ֡
Ľü̫үҲмַУҡͷԭΪүǸӢδܣ
үүϾ档
Ľڰ֣ˣ˰ɡ


292 Ѳ
ǱĽҶξкڼ˵Ļ뿪ҶξƳĽҡͷѡ
ĽΪβھָӣһܹ̫կ䵹˵·ˣһԳȥ
ĽҶξףƾһּʹɽξҲܲһߣպ
˶ȥ̫կս̫կˣĽȴվȿڣһŴ󵱼һ
󵱼ΨԼܲסһɱ䣬ӪҪùĵΣ޷Ӿơ

󵱼ҵû֣ĽƲ⣬̫կĺݣõŵ£뷶ҵĳɴȥǲݡ
ѾˣԼ֣ƣ׷ôãϼˣû˲ΣȬá
˾Ӫʹ书ǿҲҴӪ
ʣµ鷳Ұɣңʵ᲻Ȥ
ڻӪ˺ܿŪףѺһ˳ԼˣΪʿûǶ̫կЩ˵̫׺ݣӰһѺǡ
ĽȡسӰڴӺ棬ʱǰ̽ڣûв˳Ļǡ
صǣ磬ȥҹ·ҹо鷳ûʲôǾڶ峿
ĽҶξ˵һԼլӣҶξʹĴӦֻĪо
ĽҶξͷ̾ΪˣҶξͣñĶ
Ҷξת䣬ջ񣬷ҵķ£Ҷξš
լӣ߷˰ţĽָͨħֽʽͨԾˣܿѧˡ
ħֻаʽһͨѾѧ˷ħĽѧĸʽιС
Ľʽ죬ִ󣬸ͨÿӦһУƴȫĵǱƳ
Ľڷħķ֮ʱͬʱȫԸЧѣⲻĹ
˽ϲǳ꣬˼ʦûʲôʦ칦֮

һʱ䣬ĽڸͨȻۼǿȫԸ򣬰ĽһУʹɵ
ʹƣͣȴܣ߶ȽţɣĽһȴʹ
Ľ˱֮£ͨǱѸټͻͽһǧ֮ƣһҹϰʤ¿ޡ
߷û˯ȣﴫһҽУľ֪Ǻá
̾Ϣ϶ʦʲôãΪ˺ȱΪֻһ̵̫ϣֲ顣
ÿθͨϲҽУĸһһ޲ͨϲҽУȴԹޣ˸߲ңֻܰĻ¡
һϣû˯ãʱجξѣεͨϱˣźŽ衣
ʱԼĽͨϡ
һʵʦһҹû˯
ĽǰͨһԹۿŲ˫˫ͨЦӭôô磿
߷ʣû˯ɣ
ͨϺٺЦͷһҲʦдţҪȥһطأ
ô£߷ɫһ䡣
Ľ±ʣЦˣ˵
Ա߰£Ѿ˲̬欣Ǹ߷ԭѾСš
յһڣյ£ĽˣͨѾţʽˣֲֻ߲ܵȥʦš
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֪ʦǡ߷Ŷüʡ
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ĽЦұ׺ɵĵӡ
׺ɣ߷Իתͨϡ
ͨ˷ܵĵ׺ߴ֮һѽ
߷ҡҡͷҲЩſԶ
ͦԶġͨϵ
ĽЦ˷ģ뷶ھЩϵǻͷͨϹȥ
߷ͷǣȴֲ֪ʲô

ĽЦԭΪͨһӣû뵽ÿ̿࣬ܿ죬Զϡ
ӻͳһö壬ݸͨϣ˲׺ɽóţ㹻ˡ
ǣʦͨæ˫ֽӹ˷ܵĵʦʲôʦƾҵı£Сëգ
书ߣСĽûĵ
ͨϺٺЦҾãʹһȥʲôҲס
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ĽҡͷЦЦ书ߣȱȽǣȥ˲׺ɣ֪֮ʿˡ
Ҳûô룬ֻǵ˵һ䣬֮ܶԹ˿ģҲö˵
ǣʦͨϹ
߷˼ü˳ĿݵģЩζɷһֱڼңԼСҲûԼ㡣
Ľˣʲôʰģʰһ£ʱ
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óʦһˣûأºͣʵȴǿƣʩһϡ
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Ľ룬˵ͨһȥ᲻ãǾ°ɣլܵչˡ
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һ漴м֪ԼɥһӷֱܲסԼһȥ
ϸ룬ʦѧգûҲŵġ
Ľǰʵһ⣬ͨ뷶ھֵķС㣬ԻᰲһС
ǣʦͨ˷ܵĵͷĽͷԼæʦİգһСĵģ
ˣ֮ʣһĸףһΪʦԼ֮˼к󣬡𣿣
ܣͨϰȻ
ܸƨĽЦ˼𣿡
ͨһ漴˼ͷ
߷΢Ц̵ñ£˼У˵

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ȥ·ϣĽûӰ벽һߣӰûϵ󣬴粽룬βһ㡣
ĽĶųӰ˿һܳ
Ľͣſſݣȴͣ٣ڲǿզ֪ۣ࣬ȻǿᣬΪӢ۲
Թɢ˿˿ͣԺ˵һһһеջ
ѧܿС켫۾Ҳʱ򣬾Ͳ붯嶯Ժпա
Լһ̫կûܻ˲Σź˺ԹҲ£ɳϱǮ
û˲ΣֻʵʵȴţеĻֻܺƤɽҪ
׺ɽ꣬컯ҩҩĶٲˣɽвٵҩԣɽ±鲼ҩ꣬չϡҩģûȥ͵ɽϡ
һθͨϻȥԼ˳һ䣬ʦһϲΣЧΡ
ԼΪŴɵӣûԴһԼǷȱֻͷƶС
ϹظУСΣӿȪ϶ϣˮˬ쳣
Ӱ󣬲ʱñΪƤǼ꣬Ҫ۳ңôƵߡ
ĽΣ֣ͣתӣһָǰ棬Ӱ˻һʱ뿪תۻΪһСڵʧˡ

˴ʧɫæĽУ죬סס
ĽЦأлλ磬Ӱܹͻ
ܻ˲ŵʡ
˸ŵͷѽգǿ׷ɣǱһˣɴˣ
ĽЦЦȻܴһХʱԶ˻߿ֱ
ת۹һڵ֣漴ԽԽ󣬻ΪӰڵУЮŷǰ
һֱڣ٣ĽǰȻͣסǰټգϣһ˻ء
ĽЦһ˫һУӰʱһΪһӰӣת۱ȥˡ
Ľֱ˴󲿶ӣԼһ˻ǣ̤ǰӪʱ䳡Уַǳ
ĽüȴûʤǣԼһһ
˸ʣʤȥˡ
ǿ຺Цˣɣһֵ糿Ѳˡ
Ļ̌ͷɫ쵽硣
糿Уͻˣɸ˺һ˹ڲŻ
ŻǳѲȴûϡ


293 
ü룬һѲһ칦糿û˵Σա
ĽԿЦŵͷųӰ䳡˺ڻӪԯ⣬ξ
˴ξĹģЦеĿ
Ľһ񣬳ξȥѲڣ׷ͷǣ붼ξ׼
ξףڰ֣˵
Ľûֱĸ߱ϣŶξ
ξǺЦСһǲǶԱѽ
ҡĽĿбӡ

ξЦҡͷѣָЦøգ߯ˬ죬ֱ˵
ĽߵξӢ䣬Һ
ˣھУϲԹɾԸ̫гǸϲŭɫѡ
˶ֱˬĻѵûʱ˼˼䣬ϲŭɫˣԼԻǮȻҪԶ֮
ԴŪĻԸҪֱˬϲԵѺ
ˣξҲˣһĪ⣬ϲŭ˭Ҳģнġ
Ľˮξ޲ܿϲŭ
ңξд֮ϵϲŭ⣬Ҳһ׽֮⡣
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֣ξһûĺǳ⣺ΪӪңôô죿
ĽĬȻתͷĹˣĲ
ξߵӪӪֵͶ˵ģû壬ûǰϻԹ˭ѲɣξҪ޸ֵΪ˵ߺߣô磡
Ľͷ˵ˡ
ξվߵǰָѵѽ㣬Ϊһ󹦣ӪҪΧתӪǾӪжͣɵһɵһף
ǡĽεͷξȥ׷ͷǣ
ߣȥɣϽξû׳һӣĽæӹЦһ񣺡лξ
Сӣһգ˷ѶţӢۣξߵ
Ľͷǣףǣ

Ľ˴ֱԾϳӰһ㵽ϳţƴ򿪳ţڶȥ
ٳʱŵļʿҵϣʿϵλӢۣЦǺǵĳ
һǣ˻Ǻӣƽ̹ݵĴԭƽ̹ʣӣ֮һ档
Ľ伱ȴûҷִ磬ķ羰۾֮۸ӣԲ֮ڽǰ
ûˣ۾ſغһң޵޵أֻһ˸
Ӱ۳ɣӦĽ⣬ָ˵˳ϣһɳۡ
Ľ׽һ⣬һ˿ֱ֮ڤڤãǿᵽһ̶ȣֱʼһ㣬Բ׽
ţǿֱ֮飬׽Ԥףм顣
ãͷգԼȥȡ
Ľ̾ϢһҡͷֻٴɢȥΪ׺񹦣һ˿עӰ
ٶȶһι㼸մأ̤ŷУ棬絶ص졣
Ľ˫ϣȻ걻סµʵ棬ֻ辡Ϲȥǣк档
Լаʱ֪۳Զһֱ۹ۿΧ
顱һ죬մը죬ףγһڿУһ紵ߡ
Ľɫ䣬Ȼһһת˲ʧڰ֮⡣
Ӱ˻һ˺׷ϣȴĽԽԽԶת۹򣬾ˣӰ󼱣ٴμ١
һƿռ䣬һеǰ壬ӿΪԴԴϵĶܵټȴһƬƣС

Ľ۾Уһһ˸䣬ʮɣʤӰȴȼ׺ȼգ٣Ҫй쳤Хһ
Хŭӿķ֮ơ
ʮ⣬ʤǴӱޣƴۣÿƥһʮƥס
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ЩԼʮڼףɭɭһԶʤǺë
̵ģ治ˣһھͺʤƿڴʱתͷơ
ĺߣǰܡ
ĺһ˵ͷɫƽЦͷ䲻ڣҲûҪô£ˣǵ
һָºĽõĺӥֿܵ죬֮ʣëˡ
ʤЦûҪ군ˣ
·ǰͷŤͷٺЦͷȥʰǰɣ
ʤһۣڰ֣ƾⱾӥ˶ϣٷϻϽܣ
·ŤͷٺЦûԶҲ£
Ȼɫ䣬æãͷǰͷҲˣ
֪ˣæֵüϣĿԶؽʴԼмڵı
ʤ޺ģĺӥ
һֻӥڰ裬УʹٺãҲ䲻ܡ
ֻӥڣһֻۣǲӵҵõң·ӥлһˡ
ӥɢɣ֮εһĿ꣬ͬʱΧγһȦӡ
ˣһˣʹӪӪҲǺ޻֮ϼͬӡ

ͷô죿·ʡ
ʤһҧȥ̵ģһǰסˣͣ£
ǣ˺Ȼͷ𹭼׼һ񶷡
ʤĺóѶţҡҡͷѶҲûɶãԭûǵˣϧźһ
һءĺһţʱһ𣬡顱һ죬ףһںڿɢ
˷ŻٶȣȻԾһƥϣúϢһ׼һĳ̡
ĺͷߣҸһ󡣡
ʤһۣ˵컰߾һߣϧܽȻ÷ħʰǣ
ĺҡͷǾģͷûбķ˰ɣ
ʤһʲôӣֻһ֣ƴ
˵Ż򣬶ĺڵһӥʿʮˣٶȲ죬ӭ
ʤҪ˼ĺӥȻŻٶȣȴ̫
·һָߣǱҲУ
ɴ۾ָұߣǱҲУǱΧ
ʤǰһԶĺӥʲô
·еͷǽҪ
죡ʤҧгݣǰ棬Ȼȵ
˫ףԾϺʤе䣡
˼Уһǰ棬û䵽ӥڿ׹䡣
ͣͣͣһڹ˷׷м
Ǵףǿֱ͸ף·ǰͷǷٺǲ谡
ǽмʤҲδ⡣
ʤһʹģһ̵ģǣ
³ӥ֣ʹ䵽ڼϣҲڼ׵ɣɱ
壡壡壡ʤУ񱼣ײȥʮӥٿԱһ֣ӲһƣǺ棬ʸಣݴϢ

գ۹ʤزûҪ֮ʣŤܿҪѾˡ
˶мһ⣬ȴû׹ʤҡ
ȻһХ𣬾춯أ֮䣬еХ£ˮС
ǺУʤϲ
˾һĺӥʿǶһ£漴ӿٶȡ
ХһͣʤϴУס
˷׷ײص£ܼʸȻһ˻·ĺˤ·ˤ˳ȥ
ڵһ֧˲׷
ʤǲͣͷһӣ
һϣͷƴڻ·༸Ҳӥ
˶䣬ʤ顱һأ泯컬ԶĿڲһ֧
ͷ·ƴܣѾ˼Լʮ֧ʤأһ¸졣
·ܵʤǰͣ£Ҫȥһͣٹ֧У·ȴᡣ
ʤƴȫƿ֣Ѫĭ˵ܣҡҺҡ𣡡
̵ģƴˣȻ¼ǹ͵һͷתӥ
ǹӶʮ֧֧ʣ֧塣


294 ʼ
ȥųǹͬھʮӥʿȴһͷܿˮ
׷ȴ׷ϣֻܻӶǹͣĲʮ֧֧ʮסؿڣû֮Σ
һ壬ɢʮʿע⣬·ʤɿǰܣѪͣʣС
ХٴԶһСڵ㣬·ϲͷ
תͷȥĽ˸һһתۿΡ

ĽַһŭХһԶХ
飡飡飡ʮڹƿնֱײʮǸ߸߷͵һק
ʤǶʱһɣ·еУ
Ľһ·ǰɫüͷ
·ͷʤѾȥһһͷͷͷ
Ľ̽һʤӣ
˵ŻԹͣҡ顱顱УһХӭʮӥʿ
ʮӥʿתͷתߣĽЦǻײʮˡ
ӥʿ׺أƽ˶ԵУܼʸʸ䲻͸ûĽ
Ľÿμ֧һΪֱһֿ֧׼ּ죬һң֧Ѵٴѭֹ顣
һӥʿʮˣʮƥ·ʤֱƬ̹ʮ˽Ը߸߷Ȼأ֪ȫ
ԶƲתߣĽЦһڼʮ⣬ǣɣһʣ
һ෴ٴżԶУת۹еĺӥԵˡ
Ľصʤǰϥ£ɨһˣ΢ЦˣЪϢ
飡һ죬ˤϣԲѡ
У·æе
Ľ̽һ£ͷţãһ
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ĽҪչˡ
ǰϥۣƬ̺ٴļ£ɫֱɷףһŰֽ
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ĽЦЦҶġ
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ĽЦŵͷֻҪܾȻ
ʤҡͷпԹԣ̫ˣ
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Ľһΰգһжɲ
Ƿ׷װμȻжףĨϽҩӵĽҩЧĨ֮Ѫ˿ס
ǰμʱüͷҲһ£Լϵģã޶Ƕû֮
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ʤָԶĺЦУַ
ĽЦŵͷ
ĺ˼ʣУ֪һˣҪ٣
ĽЦŰڰ֣û٣߰ɣǰŪ
ϣ˸߲ҵܳȥѺ£
Щԣˤ֮ǲûܣͣߣƺ
ĺûߣһֱĽߣУж٣
ĽЦʮ֪꣬
ĺͷпҡͷȻˣʮ꣬лãǽˣ
ĽЦʮ껻һֵãûʲôˣˣҲɷˣڴˡ
Уĺȭ
Ľڰ֣תͷЩڼףҲ˰ա
ʤȻæѽͿЩڼ׿úܣˣ
˽ȥǺڼףΪ߲Ǽɻ䣬ȴᣬղű׷ɱ纣
ĽõһӣԱһʯͷһдźڡӥʮˣѳڴˡ
˰ʬӽȥĽоȣо飬峺Բͣղŵʧ٣һɶ
ʮƥźڼףڵߣʱ򣬳˻Ӱ̤ڡ
ĽǰӰͣס˻ǰأͷͣĥĽ
ĽЦӣѰԼӰı²СΪӰ׷Լԭ·أڳŵԼ
ʤϣĿųӰЦУӻ죬һɽһɽߣ
·ٺЦұȺвԶ
ĽЦЦЦұΪܵѾˣ࣬û뵽죡
ĽϳӰ⣬ͷôŪЩˣ
ʤȻˣѲţǻᱻԿ壡
˷׷׵ͷȻãźϿɲˣһƥһӻѣʮƥ԰ǳԿ塣

ĽҪԼ֯һ
ɡʤҡͷ̫鷳ЩˣǮһ¥ô
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֮ãԭϵķµģ͵ģǰһжôϤİǰûеá
ĽΣҡͷЦЦ
ʤǮǺģô죬Ҳɵ㣬ֻϹְˡ
ĽЦɲɣЩǮģƽ̯ˡ
ʤֺߵСȥˣô̰ҪǮûˣ
ĽЦҡҡͷٶ˵
˵˵ЦЦȥ̫կ˷֮£Ľ˳ᣬҲûʲô˵ģֻ˵Ǵ󵱼ҵ
ܿ죬ǻ˳ǣǣʮƥźڼףԽԽܳΧۡ
ĽοЦʤ󣬳˰֣һӢۿعģ˸ѧ
һε̫࣬Ч䶯ԶϴοɱȣڻӪˡ
Ľǵ䳡ʱξˣ˾
ֱͳսкڼףϾĽļ£һ˵ĹͣԼġ
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ԵıȴܵĸʤһܵĽʦƫƫ޷ƣȱؼһֶ
Щξ˵࣬װȫб֤
佱Ľһ˳뿪ˡ

ӣĽһֱСΣӿˮܿ壬ԺȻһ죬γĤ
γĤ֮չÿȴʲô罭ӵɢĤ֮󣬶ʱ΢ɲ죬ͺһˮ
С֮ʣÿѲһڡ
һˣһ³һ񣬳ѲڣڻӪȴÿһʮȥѲڡ
ÿʮȥһΣĽÿζųȥӥ
ӥﱻĽɱˣԪˣȴҲޣԺڻӪҧгݣҪһ£һǡ
󣬺ӥ֯ΧˣҪɱڻӪѲڣȴĽţûò׺񹦣СΣǼ£ɱʮˡ
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ٿ֮䣬һ¹ȥĽСгɣϣ糤תĤЩ΢봥ңɼ
һ峿ξ٣ٳѲҪչʼתϴ辭
ӥ˱ˣһֱ棬ξҲ׼ļ١


295 С
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ͨѳǰ׺ɽзھֵ˸ţȫصģʦ˸ͨϣغϲ
ֻ֮ʣ¼ѾˣСƼҡ
СüҼ͸һ֪Բݲ۸ȸ߷ʱʤ֡
ĽֵУ񣬿ʼչתϴ辭
תϴ辭Ժģǧ飬֮죬ȷһʧȻΪû棬߻ħǲ߻ħ
ԶΣգһʧأ޿ɾȣʴһ׾ѧΣϸ˿
ܿ꣬û˴ѧǰ

ĽǿᣬԺģ⣬ʵ죬Ÿ̤һתϴ辭
һֱ棬ʥѩɵģķйأңҲżȻһ֣Եɺϡ
ԵΪֻܶԿ˼ջ߾ѧ·ӣ벻ɣ֮䡣
峿ʱ֣һվСԺӿȪðĤ֮ŨԶʤ硣
̫ȻԾ棬£Ľʱɾ䶯ۣϥŶӿȪžת
ָ̫תһѨһѨѨγһͼΡ
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һʹˮϮ۹ɢֻм㺮˸漴Ҳȥָڰ
ۣ΢̣Цݽ󣬷Цԡ
ȴǰ׳࣬Ѩӵ߽ԻȻһ£ȫ䡣
ģʮ֮һȻ࣬һõĿʼתϴ辭ȻףԼŪˣҵȷķӡ
ļ죬һֱתϴ辭תԺÿν쾰۽쾰ƣٺ󣬾ǾѨš
һʮ죬һε࣬Ѩ뾭˫֮࣬Ѩ뾭ٱ仯
ĽףһѾɣѨ뾭磬һ㡣

ûһ㣬Ϊ񣬵һɣѾǱоһ㣬Ǹ
СΣ뽫Сʽ֮С
˵СʽĽȴģ뽫仯Ϊ֮书Ȼ
СһʽǼƽĶ˿ֻΪˣ̫Ѱ
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ÿһƽƽ棬Щ򵥵ĶܻΪʽģ򵥣Ҫȴ׼
Ѱˣñ׼ЧѾѣ˶֮ʣԴʩչ֮ѡ
һãͶ䣬Ȼѷе书
ɾתϴ辭һ㣬仯ٱ֮ǿҲ֪ʲô̶ȡ
˽ղǹؼǿ壬̫֮󣬷Լ
Ѩ뾭䣬ӿȪѨˮһ㣬ԴԴϳȡ֮ٶı
һӿȪѨ˫߾ţСתʱתƺƵҲϣЧˡ
ټǿᣬ֪ƣʱԶʤˣһһֵϳһꡣ
ȻˣԲ㣬޲һɳ죬ΪǿڣΪص׺ɽ
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һֱĤûʲô仯ЩĪĵطĤ㷡
Ĥ˱仯ƶ֪ϡ

һ죬Ҫڶתϴ辭ʤȻСԺͨ˵үҪ¡
Ľֻγأʣ˴ʤɫصϣֱ
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ͷĽüʲôˣ
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ʤ˫𣺡ʮͷһ𣬸ʾأ
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Ľͷ¶ЦݣãЩջͷ㻹ûԷɣ
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ڼ׺ܳأѰʿ䴩Ҳͺӥǰ㾫֮ʦųɣЩҲǾ񣬴ϣأɷ
ڣξˮڰ˼ڰ֣һָµĸ߱Ρ
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Ľ㣬ôˣûٵģֺ֮
Ľξӥһˣ
ξӥǧˣפһС֣ɱ˲٣ԪҲ˴鷳
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ξŵӥ󲿷Ա󺹹ɱֵסɼפصģһ㡣
Ľü˵ӥû
ξͷһģǴǱ߳ģҲңɱ˸ͷһ
ĽǴ󺹹
ξͷţ󺺹Բ̣ɱȡ֣ϲͷԼ͡
ĽüҡҡͷҺ󺹹š
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ĽѪѪһΣɱ֮Ҳˣ
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ĽһξиѴ
ʲôѴ˵ξֵ
Ľһ˴ļޣÿζǴá
ξü뿪ǰ̨׸ⲽһʱ֮Ҳûʲô⣬תתȥʮأȻͣס
ξĽ¶ϲɫ
ξ̾ϧΪ㣬Ȼɴ֮
Ľ
ξΪֻҪ㲻
ܴңĽæʡ
ξҡҡͷ㲻УСδɣƣҲɣԶš
ĽЦҡͷѡ
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ξЦǺǣôĿǺãۻΪ˧ˣΣ
ǣлξĽһת˴
ξԼν׺ˣԼԼͣ˽Ȼͬ


296 Χ
ĽȻӪóӰǣȻӪǶʤڡ
ʤϥϣһ飬֣صУҪСģһεĺӥײУ̵ģƤľǲ֮ף
ĽЦ̫࣬û˯ðɡ
ţÿضЩͷѡʤ±飬̵̾ģ˵ɣҲûˣôͷһ飬̫ˣ
·鰸ϣæͷɲҲˣÿ϶جΣԼˣ
ĺʣУҪһȥһ
ĽЦȥһɣк
ˣȥҲ׸鷳ʤڰ֣һΣǱ׷ƨ
ĺͷѽԼȥһɣҲ㣬׸ûһã
ĽЦ˶ǺõģһĿСһ
ʤ֣ضУһǿһΣһǷˣСĵ
ĽЦţףҲǹǽ

ĽֺԹ¹ǹǹһأۿγһǹһʺЯ
˶һ˳ڳţ̤ԭ
ûӰý·źֱһ֣Ѱһطָ׺񹦡
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ϲۣ¶ЦݣһԾİٱ
ԼʵӦκεսӥʹڳһȦףҲȥ
һХХӹУؼֻХһ©
ХһԾʮ⣬Ϸֱֱȥ

Ͽպӥ֣Ľ˿΢΢һЦֻӥҲûʲôӣԼзƼȴ䲻̫ԶʲôҲɡ
ֻӥһֻۣ׼ȷ֪Լλãȷʵ룬ԼǲҲͷӥ
֪ӥֺ֮ԹҲûֻø˾̣һ˸ɡ
¾֮һҪһͷӥѵԶԸͷӥӥӥ
˵ѵһͷӥѣȴѣӴǿľѹǣ׵úܣӥٸ߰ӴƥľҲ֮⡣
ңͨãԶҲãͨһ㣬׶ԷܶԷԼ
Ľã⹦ܸ֮䣬Զ޷ȫ˽˴ˣԷԷԼ˼ʡȴӰԷǱʶ÷Ƿ
ӰȻϻۣ˵ֱ˼ͨ
Щ²ͣһתԪָ֮죬Զʤģڴ
ϧ׺ûʲôȻǴǰ˫ȴͻ֮ףһֱһ㡣
Ľףͻһ㣬ľǳʹǳҲͻơ
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ȻպӥһХ𳤿գĽһ̧ͣͷ˫ۣʱԲһнԳǰ
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Ľüһ˫˫۾ĮɭȻľˣپϧԱ˵Լں
Ľҡͷɱˣʵ˲ЩɷˣôԶѾܸܵõɱ̫ˡ
ʮӥʿϣ·Ϊһ壬ӯ鶯·жš
ĽףЩһʩչṦأ΢ְ˲ۣ֮ܲԲҪ

ܿ죬ϱ߽жʮʮƥӯ鶯񲼹㣬졣
ȻһбҪԼΧסǵƣʤѰĺӥǾ
Ľ΢ЦԾԾԣʶһºӥľ
һХϱ߳ȥʩչߣת۹ϣһ
ӥʿӿٶȣһĽĹǿ֮ƥ̣Ľ
̣ίʵɲǷŵսϣԱȱ˶֮λޱ˵Ļ·
Ľż꣬°̾ȻǾ鴫˼ԭĺӥ߳һء
һˣȻӭһ꣬޼ƿʩֵķΧ㣬鲼ǰ󣬱޿ɱܡ
ĽȴᣬǺڼףӲǳңнղ񹦣Ĥתظ֮䣬ֱӱĤš
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һУʸ׷׵Ҳм֧͸ڼף塣
֮ʣƤ뼡Ȼ쳣Ĥ£Īı仯Ͷʵֵǰһǰ֮ѽߣ漴˳
һʮ֧Ա嵯ʸ롣
Ծ֮࣬Ժû뵽ղȻ˵ԶЩӥʿʮ㣬Զʤˣʸʮ㡣
־Թʼߡ֮Σһһ˸ǰܿ귶ΧͬʱһڹХת˲档
ÿһڹ⣬ػһˣϸ߸߷أû˶ѱĽС
ת۹ȥĽǰ
Ľ죬һֱߣнˣάڰ֮ڣΧǼʸ䲻ԼΪա
ʹˣҲʮЩӥʿļ

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ĽüʽǷҪȻ书֣书ʤԲԸ
߶Ṧˣһһ˸ٶȳƽһֱڰﷶΧ磬һһǰͷ֮ˡ
ǰͷ֮ջع˫ֻγһĻĽһڹ⣬ײϽ⣬ʱһɢϻָٴγɡ
Ľˣǰ壬Ľ۾֮۸ʮγһߣֱίʵ
ײԼļ֣Ȼ΢΢һЦԦŻһײϽ⡣
顱һ죬ɢָֻ
Ľһû뵽֮Լ˫Ѿˡ
ٴδϼһڹȻڿըΪĩƮߣȴǼʸܲס̫
ĽҡͷһȴǷסӥľ֮ʿȻ΢΢һЦȻ
ͬʱһֹŸʿԾ
һȻУĽڿкһ£δѳ֣
нղ񹦻壬ȻԷȴ˷УٴԾٴζ䡣
֮󣬶ֻʣʿִֻǷĽ
ĽҲ¹γ¹ӭųǰȥ
ͬʱԳ壬գۼ䵽˽ǰĽֻӵֺȻ𣬳һ㣬׺ָ
ֻͣͣͣХֱָӹͨ˵ĺڼףѷڼʸ
ôľ룬û뵽Ľˣ⧲һ£󻺻顱һء
ܳԶ˲ڣת鿴

Ľתߣ򶫱߶ʮδߵ׷ֱɱǣɱߵĶʮ
һʮʿԼһӣɱɾЩ֮꣬޳һΣίʵȤ
ɫȻһ䣬Ժڳһ˳нǧΧһȦ֮ⱼڣһڴս
Ѿǧ˵İΧУЩʿһǺڼ׺Լаˣףֳֹ
ת۹򣬵ƽϳһȦ׹ĽһХֱ
֮ǰȡĺ䣬һ壬Թһһڹ⣬Хǰ̽·
顭һУ֮׷׵£һƬһƬ䵽£̤ûҲֱӲˡ
Ľٺˣ£ðգԹȡǹϳɳǹһĻ
Ž£׷ױĻ棬Ľ²ͣת۹һѾС
ʱȺǹһʿߣһâҡ
ЩȻǹȴһ֮УӥҲסǹסһ
˲һеǹɵ棬һ©ס
ĽХһֻ˵ʹ죬ǹɱУ𵶽ö࣬öࡣ
һ̣һգʾ쾡£ĽѾǹĨǱǹɡ
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ң⣬ת˲һʿʿȴ䲻;Ѿȥ
һȫƫƫģƴ׷

Ҳɵܿ䲻ó׷ֵĽĳ˵Լһ
ĽṦǿٶȿⱼܴݶУɱֻڰͣ
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ǸշӦʱĽѾȺǹӶңٴɱһܣһΣߡ
ԽԽ࣬Ķ׷ĽΧڵУ㣬ʹҲҪԺӥ֮
ĽХһŻϲǹܣ˷Χȴ࣬ǴЦ
ᵽ˼Ԧ֮оãȤ
Χ˵ȵ񫣬ʡߵһˣЩΧɱ
ʿһһĵ£ǹͣոٶȼ졣


297 ת
ǹ֮ղ壬һڼȫסΧǹýʸ
һ߻ǹ²ͣΧסȴס˱սٶȼ죬ת۹ǰһ
һڣʿһٶʬףɭɭɷĽδƣͣǹٶȸ죬ʢ
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ǹܣմϣֱӵ£׷ɣĪ⣬мӵĺӥҲˡ
ӥָ֣һĽתϴ辭֮ǰǣǵסΪϲߣη塣
һʱ֮䣬ң˿ɵݺС

ɱ飬ƬȾǹѪϣ֮һȦˣһɱʮ
˼ά磬죬Щľͷ죬ţûһв
ľɱݣˮ
ȻһХϱʳһڵХףǣĽü˺
Хէ䣬һ󺺳֣ڼףͷǷ˪֮ɫ·糾֮ͣң
òƽƽһũΨһ˫ۣտտɭɭģһѡ
ÿһ糱ˮ˺óмĽ
Ľûرͨľ֣Թޣ糱ˮģһɱУһģһ͸飬ա
ܵĳ˷ܣĽ֪Ծߣʿ
ǹ׿Ȼͨ
ӥ︱ͳҸ߷磡Ǻˣ
أȻǾþλϰ˷ʩһɽӣ˾ͷ֮ơ
Ľ΢ЦӪһСգ
һգһ߰ͷ£罵䡣
һ죬Ľṇֱ̀ײ

Ľĺˣǹںһţֹסƣ˫ͬʱһ壬ʱعѣƬˤ顣
ȴ˺һЦ
ĽһﰵԷ࣬ΪԼʹܳɾ֣Ҳݺķˣȴ룬սӲ硣
﷢ǶĽ֮ǣ޲Ѫ⣬ǧзͷ֮ޡ
΢̣Ц˫տտרעĶĽŵ׵Ĺѣ΢΢ü
˹ò࣬Ľûֵ˼ΪжȥȴӲ
ԸΪʿһܣ˻ɢ
տտĿһɨΧ˵ΪֹС룬̷شӪӳ٣
ϡһӥȺվƿͷĵǺβһɱˣ
ҵĻˣҸ߷
ǡӥʿæҡͷһͷǣ
תߵȫ嶼УҷشӪ
˺ȻӦδĵĽһۣſ̹ǵĳޣĺĽȴȻߣҶͳǰӣ
Ҹ߷Цɱӵܣ񼫣ݹĳ飡
ĽЦЦҶͳɱң
Ա֪Ҹ߷һ죬¡
һ죬Ľǹһ㣬ٴײϣͬʱ˺Ҹ߷Ҳûж
˿˹Ľȴ֪ʤԼһԼԹȡʤΨʽˡ
һ̣һգǹ˰ٱ֮ռ˱ˣղɱĥ˷ǹ鴿죬ʽ
ΪȹҸ߷ӽֵصܲ͸磬ȸվ
Ľֻ˫΢΢飬΢֮Բע⣬׺Թȥǹϴ
ԾԦܿ컯ȥһһ

ĽǹϣһһУ಻ٲңѹסҸ߷ơ
ѷΨһ֮սԪһֱתţ֮ƳԼʤһ
䱻ѹţҸ߷ͷ侲ǳ
û뵽С˼֣ǿᣬʽҲԼķأУģܻ⡣
صķԼ׵һ㣬Ὣ˻飬ģҲˡ
û뵽ĽоԶʤˣǰ죬Ѿȥ׷һѾˣġ
ת۹򣬰йȥĽƲδ˥ʢ罭֮ˮ಻ԽԽǿ
Ҹ߷üôȥ书ѩԽԽǿϵѹԽԽ
ȥٹУԼֱӰˣ
ĽԾԦ죬Ҹ߷ǹԽԽأȷʵѩһ㣬һһϵ
ԽԽʢԽԽ٣ֻԦסˣغԼԪࡣ
ȣҸ߷ŭһһâĿײĽǹ⣬ؿڡ
ĽˣǰҸ߷Ȼ䱸һⱩǵĺ⣬Ϻˣܹһ
٣Ҹ߷ٺһ֣뽣һΪһ磬ֱĽؿڡ
Ľ˼άӦûܸϣǹһһ죬һƺߡ
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ҵʹҧǹ͵һɨ磬顱УҸ߷˳ȥ
ֽ⴫ǿǹɨʱӦʹ۶ˣǰٵˣ顱һ죬һжһζ

ĽͷһƣãؿûѪĤ֮ǿԶԶϣһûܴƤ
Ҹ߷أֻ۶ϣڼԶʤˣޱȣǹһݣȴ
ңҲ򣬲ǰˡ
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ۼľУҶͳ
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һ󺺹ЦֶͳҶͳ˰Ǽһƨòʹ죡
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ǴȲʣý˵ʤ֮䣬ȫǣ֮ϣֲ־Զ٣ʤס

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ǰҸ߷Ѿռһˣû뵽ֳһˣۣƬײմ书ǿÿ¡
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нղ񹦻壬һƣѾˣֺ顣
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ʮΪϲߣߣҲףҸ߷ٶϷ磬ȴ룬Ҫ׷
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ǵǸԶĽɱеξǰǿѪڡ
Ҹ߷ĳ֣˴֮׷Ҹ߷磬ǹ벻ѣξȥû١
ξ׹ۿڰ֣ܾ˵ս
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̵ģһǺúǿҸ߷ˣ֪ĽΪˣ˵ٶȣ֪Ǹ֡
ȻǺд򲻹ֻӻʤߣ޲ȥĽһ֮
ǲͿԼȥֻ׸ֻﵹæ

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ƴӣĽת۹˳ǽ


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ξ΢ЦһӥﶼͳһͳѾܿɹգ
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涼ξڻӪξһָ̨µĸ߱Ρ
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ξǰٴϮĽξǡ
ξƲᣬɣҪ㾿ʲô򣡡
ĽȻ΢΢һЦ漴Ծƻȭӭ϶ξצֱֱײȥ
顱һ죬˶
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ĽȻ漴ͷӦ

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ǡĺͷЦԻ֮޿ɱţϲƼ
ʤЦţξһƼ
תͷĽЦУӪ֪᲻ɢǵĻ
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ӿȪѨ΢У»ʵʣӿȪѨȥ塣


299 ϲ
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ۣӿȪѨ仯

Ĭ죬ԲܰһվӪӪоĵģ˶˯ˡ
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ףⶨǹվ֮Чվзëϴ֮ЧЧһֱ˾ϡ
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վţ޸壬׳֮٣ΪΪ׳ʢȻǿ
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Щۣ̤µء
һ̤أپӿȪӿˮȴǰ׳ת۹Ѿû
䡭ԺһըףسĤγɡ

ĤγɺӿȪ룬ֱĤǿһʱ֮䲢Ĥʲô仯
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һΣĽִƽ֣Щ׬˲Ǯ˴󸻺ǮҹĹĵģġ
ĽЦҪԼסģ̡
·ٺЦԼסģһ̣һͷô˵ġ
ţ⣬߰ɡĽͷ
ҪȥʤһȺ˹ŷϻ󣬵ݸĽһݣһ߳Էһ˵
˺ܷʢһķϻĵˣмͷ࣬ϡ֮ġ
źȵȻǳˣĽʱ䣬Էʱ䣬ǻʳӸ
ʤ̻ʣ죬Ĩһ죬̧ͷУˣһطլӣһģһס
ĽͷϸƷˡ
Ӫʳõķ˼ȷʢζҲãȻʦǾϸѡģȲƽ¥ζһľ¥ǿöࡣ
ʤŵȻأ򼸼ӣҼˣ
ĽͷЦá
ʤξˣ٣Թ˾ȥǣ
ĽЦЩ¶ˣҾͲˣһӻҪչ
ҪչأʤĵѾˣʲôأ
ĽЦʤӥֻܿ
ʤ޿κε̾ðɺðɣѽǸգҲǣûͷҲûôߵĹ򡣡
ǾͷǶˡĽЦ
ˣ֮ɶʤһ֣ЦҺˣø⣬ۼʶǶ㡣
ĽЦŵͷӦˣûǫ顣

Ľȥ˺ڻӪ˶ξ٣Ǽ죬չͨһսһЩ
ξЦеĿʹӦˣӦʮļ١
Ľһ뿪ӪǣѣһӣһֱħԽ׳ʵ
ֱȥĺ˵լӣĽ뿪էһ̤ţ¶Цݡ
Сһӭӣ˿ˡ
Ľͷţ֪ˡ
һˣŶο࣬Ŀ񣬽ӹӰǣŵԱߺˮߵ
СŸߣ˴һŮϣɴĿξˮ
Ľϲʦ㣡
ƽĿˮףţ°ɡ
ĽˣȾУ־Ķյǰţŵ㣬Цû뵽ʦ
һݾϲʵû뵽»
µʦԸҹ
ĽЦʦɺã
ţһ糣ףյĵӣʦϲ㻹ûʦͽġ
ĽЦѵͨʣԲܷŹ¼Ȩ
ʱСϲյ
ĽЦСţҡ
㡣µ
ĽЦԣǱ㣬СţĻҵĻСźĪҪˡ
ǣӡСŵü˳Ŀش
Ľڰ֣ˣµܺá
ʦҲͽ˼ĽЦʡ
ҡͷҲͽʦ˲Σһһ꣬һꡣ
Ľϲлʦ
µɽϵ˲Ҳ࣬Сá

˵ŻȻһָ͡һХĽæһѱܿû뵽ָڿкȻһۣ˸䣬ΪһֵײĽؿڡ
ĽЦʦ㣬ɣ
ü͵ˣûʲô
ĽЦѧķͬ÷书ô죿
ʦĪĲǡбһۣ˵
Ӽ浽¶һ˿ĽҲһЦҺʦĹ
бЩ鷳ͺã
ĽٺЦЦת⣺÷ʦǻðɣ
ţãСԲĽܴ󡣡µͷʦ˵浢̫ãȥ
Ľ˿ͷʦ̫ԺЦȻӿ𵭵˼޲ϻȥ
ʦѾˣסֵ
ڰ֣ˣȥ˲ΰɣعҡ
ʦЩӰɡĽæ
µͷţһסһӡ
Ľϲٶ˵ԼݣϰľϻͿᣬɫ


300 ͵Ϯ
Ľ΢˫ۣ֮۹գ͸ľϻϻ֮ϻڸһ˲ΣСƣ״в
̽ưľϻ룬˵ϻܷ⼫ãܸܵϢ
ȡһֻľϻ򿪺һ˲γǰһ˲ΣҲ͸ܲ࣬ȥ
ʼСΡ
Сһ罭ӣʼûʲôоΩӿȪð뱼
һӺСںȣ˿˿磬뱼УʱţŨ˺Ũ̹ӿȪ׳

ĽʩչСΣͣ˹һһʱ죬ڣˮ
ƣЦݣĤһ֣ƣһޡ
ǰ˲Σ꣬ظǿЦʢ֣ǿҳ嶯һ˲Ρ
ܿ죬ѹ嶯ܼȿкκ󻼣֪йк
תȥµ˺Ժһˮϣºɻͤͤ鶯ʱԾˮ棬˸
ܰɴʵʹƮƻá
ĽʯǰĵƷŲ´Ĳ֪Ľ裬ʦ̫һ
½˰ɴ绨ĽţЩˣԶ£üüֱŭ
ʦܣҲûʲô⣬ʩչʱһһκ֣ЦʦһȡЦһ
õķӣֻ֪ܵӶ
˰Σŷ²յתͷʣʦܣ˲οã
ӭˮ۲Ľֻë׽ԿԾȪԼһۣŴƳЦǣһޡ
һô˵书ֵϲ׺ˣ
Ľһ£ҡͷɡ
书׺Ҳڵľ书ֵԭĲ׺񹦣Ȳڵġ
˵鷳Ľֻܵͷǡ

õúܣУһЦȻѩָһһξš
Ľһ顱һ죬һһʱȥ˾Цʦ㣬У
ߣаԲָᵯһָĽ಻ǧ
ĽŲ˫ӭһһУָ硣
ĤڣһĤУ䲻ܻΪãȴжȥ
ĽԿϧķڣǴ󷨡
߲ڣʲɣֲ⣬޷ɣĤֵֻܵ޷ٷӹЧ
ķȱԪԽָ죬Զʤӱɡ
ת۹³˰Уκãٿһʧģᣬ硣
Ľӭơ
顱һ죬Ľȴ˺һ
Ī
Ľת΢Цʦ㣬Σ
ˮʯϣףţɡ
Ľվʱʯ£ΪһѷĩĽһʯϣЦʦˣϲɺء
µţùɣʱνһȥ
ĽЦҡͷ˵һӪһ׮鷳ɱ˼ˣԡ
龭˵ˣҡͷʦ˵͵͵˭֪
Ľҡͷҹһ£ǹãһһ͵͵˻ỳɣھӪȥˣӪһ֮治ͬ
ףɣ֮Ҫ죡
òϣʦȷԼǿԼֻ͵͵ɱˣûô࣬ʦ޲
ĽЦʦ㣬ĪʦҪһɽ
ţüߡ
ĽǺЦ̾һʦӢ̫ԼʦѱתͷԶͺɳ

죬һֱչţʹȥҲױӺǽȥԺǺӱߣû̡
Ľչ书˲޺󻼣һģȻյһǷҴС㡪
ĽȥлæѸͨ͵׺ɽңҲ֪Լ׺ɽЩϸ
˵û˷ܣԼһǰȥ
ʤѾ˼լӣһ𣬺ܷ˼˵˵һʱ䶼æðԵլӡ
֪Ľչǲ˴ţֻһ죬һؾӪƽʱ
ƽ¥Զĺɫ֮УĽǴϣΧַǷһʢ֮
Ȼܱ߾һֱĦֻǾֲѣһֱǺųƲ֮ǣǵǴӲġ
ΪǵĴڣǸܵʿüߣжĹĵģǿ
Χǰϲֵ飬Ľ̾ϢȻüأְأݲһ
ƽ¥Сæӭʦ͹⣬룡
ĽҴСڣ
ڣ롪Сæĵͷǰ·
Ľһ¥ȴڶ¥һλã֮Ӿ룬ΪϢַͨǳ
һӴ磬ʣԵŮҡȣΣһĵ顣
תͷȻĽæȣȭЦʦ
Ľ˫ֺʮһЦС㣬
дʦĸһаá콿ЦݹãһԳŮЦ̫ģ

ߣľګĬԣžƱתͷ
ĽЦͨϵ£лˡ
ˬЦһСæˣʦԶš
Ľ£ɨһߣһ£ǷүӰŵıڣȫ
Ϊ̫կĴ󵱼һֱˣЩģǱڰĶߣʱ˳
Ľͷݽͬ߰ǳ˷ҵķĽúЦᣬֻ뷶˵
ΪŮӣǲС̹ĽͶƢ˵ҲͶ
ĽЦ˲Σڷü˰ɣ
ҡͷЦһȫǺڻӪľүûʲô͵ģүӵӴ󡣡
ĽǺЦͷɣȱһܼҡ
ʧЦʦɸ߿
ƳһۣĿ˸
龭ʱĽ·һ㣬ޱȣ˽ԲҪһ
ǷҶˣóȻսֻѹ
ѧ˿ǳĽ˵ݣҲС
ĽҡͷЦϧΪŮ
ЦЦ¶һĨЦҲд˺ΪŮֵλ
ۼŷҽʢʢ˥֮ףȣȴΪΪŮ˭ġ
룺ʦСŮҪúþ㼸
ĽЦҾȴ֮롪
˿ת۹һ̳ƣ죬Σһ˷ˡ
ĽȴһֵܣͶ

룬һһȥĻԽԽ࣬߶߶ҳ̣ԹֳβƫģүҲͿˣŷ˥䡣
ɫֱ䣬ؿԲѣȴᣬװû˵ʲô˵ʲô
Ҳѵһ֪ˣĽĸоƣ֪һ㣬ϻӴ򿪣ϲƽķһԵ
ĽЦϸţһһȥ治ɫ
߾ûŤֻװƣͷȾƳԲˡ
һһȥĽҲȰֹȣͷ㣬߶˵˵ţ档
ĽЦû뵽ޣԱߵǷ׷ͶĿ⣬Ľ
ĽȻһϴһףžһ죬Ľǡõڷǰ
ξ齦ϣ˫ԻȻ
һ۵߳˹һף캮âһĽ뷶߽Ա֡
߹˲Լڷǰ£Ʒ˺âӭ˫ơ
飡飡߷ײ׹֡


301 Ӫ
Цһ
˦һͷָһ˦ȥ죬ƾˡ
һĿ룬ƻʪ˽ۣѵǰЦֱ̧ǡ
顱һ죬һֻƺ֣޳𪣬
ཻ߻һΣһδվȣŵŽٳ壬·飬Ҫء
Ҫģֻš
Ľ̾˿ӭȥ
顱һ죬һɫǺ죬Ľ
üë޳ޣһ˫տտ⣬ߣˣʤ˼֡

ĽЦºηʥд˲֮£
Уݹ£
Ľס̾ο˾ȥˣ÷»Ƿ°գ
㡪ɫһ䡣
Ľ̫կѾˣɱҲ޼£ң鱾㲻ȣһʮ壬޻˵˰ա
˵ףߣһҵ˳𲻹죡
Ľһô˵Ҫ𲻿ɣݣ
߳ߡ
Ľ̤ǰһЦǺãҲҵһݣգ
һ֣ͷĺߵСУ㲻Ҷ֣һȥ
ôĽ΢΢һЦĳǾԿ
ЦЩӣԼԹˣ
һȭɱУλԼ£Сͺ˫Ŀɭɭɱ絶
飡һ죬ӴڷˣǰߣǴѪգȻˡ
һ¥ػߣѰ¥Ķ࣬ûṦˤȥɡ
ˣΣ֮ʩչṦ絶ʣǿʹأϢƬ̣һԾϣС㡣
үӴ˿񣬵겻ȴ֮ŭη֮

һʱߣ転պ֮
̫կ󵱼ҵĻױİ磬ЦһĽһȭȻ仯һߵȥһٳȭӭһߡ
顱ͬʱĺˣײϣĽְסӣֹסƶ
߼ɵϣ̵ˣ˺˸˳Ƶȥ
ӿѪ͵һͦӣٴ˳ͬʱȵС㣬ߣ
ѣȴָӣϸżӣ£ȴ˵һĻ
Ľ״п˵ͷʮ㣬ƴͷԼҲԹۣһ׳ȥ
꣡󵱼ҵһӣ̤
Ľ׳һӣǰ󵱼ҵٳΪƬɼ󵱼֮Ե
ĽһӶ߸ǰһȭ󵱼ҡ
ߣŪ󵱼ҵЦһȭĽ󣬶˵ȴԶֻǿְˡ
ָһ󵱼һֱСΨָ
ȭͷ顱һ󣬸Ľͣǰ󵱼ҵĺˣɫ΢䡣
ĽЦΣ
̤ǰȭظǰһС
顱һ죬󵱼ҵҲ˺ݣҲظǰһУȭͷٴζϡ
һΣͬʱˣ˻ԭλá
ĽһЦֵһȭǰʽһģ
󵱼ҵǣЦӭȭӲӲ
飡飡飡飡
һһȭһȭȭȭӲӲΧĿɿڴѪڡ
ʽ򵥣ƴľһݾ
ʮȭĽ£󵱼ҵѪȻˡ
Ľнղ񹦻壬֮˴ռ˴ˣ󵱼Ұ죬ʧܣҪֳʤ
һа𣬲ŶԸСͺ¿

顱顱顱
һ죬Ƿ׷վ˫۷Ź⣬ߣ˭ֵܼ
Ľ£󵱼ǵѪԽԽ࣬ȻХһ¥ХҪ˶Ĥ
æ䣬̧ͷѾ󵱼ӰӣѾ˴ﳤȥ
ĽҲ׷ԼھӪҲҽӪɱң书壬Լֱ
߿ȭлʦˣ
ĽЦźʮؿС㣡С㣡
תͷѾſ˯ˣҡͷЦСͽλˣ¸ǡ
ǡͷ
Ľ书˾мӣ󵱼ҵĽ֣˽󵱼֮书֮ǿᡣ
֣ĽӲܣίʵ𺳡
ĽЦЦʮһƮȻȥȻ¸ϳӰϱ߶ȥڶϽǵһƬڣҵʤˡ
ʤһ֡ˮˮլӶˣסģʣ䣬һˡ
з񣬲ںһСǮˣֻͼһʹ죬һ˶סһʹ飬Ҳһֱһʵ¡
Ľòһȷʵ㡣
ʤǸæˣ¸һĲãæɷüҼ͸ϲ
Ľ˵ЦһȻ󷵻ǣΪᣬһݼ٣סլˡ
˾ӪĽհúóӰһڼױʿкξ롣
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Ľξ¶ɻ顣
ξ׳Ƭ̣գѾƼӪҴȥ
Ľĺ˵ˣһ飬ʵӪ

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˵գξܽӪһشԶʤҴСΣҪúϧ
ĽЦξҲ뿪Ӫ
ţġξЦѧ֮ԷԭطҪ뿪Ӫġ
ĽһЦŵͷƾξţ
ģҲẦ㡣ξǺЦСһԸܽӪǺڻӪӪģҿй⣡
ЦÿμӪεģһ⣬úܣֻҿüһ
˾ЦξӪжˣ
ξҡͷӪ£ҿһֱξģ˴ξû֪
¼ߣҲƽʱ࣬ЦҹƣҲͼ˰ˣôң
ֵҲֻεҸǰҫѲֻһˣ
ҡͷҲ̫ˣЩգֻҪǺãΪͺãǿ
ǣξĽ֣ص
ڶһ磬ĽڻӪĴξһװӣˣϻһ䲻˵ֱӳ
˳˴ӪߣĽȻ֮С
һֱפǣУԼľӪڣطûȥÿηż٣ȥǡ
ʱž֣Ϊûʲôѵط
ξǰߣƣƺ֪ɻ󣬵̫濪֮ʣй涨ǴǾҪأ׼ڡ
׼⣬Ľʡ
ǡξͷ̾ǻߴӪȥˣɢģǣ׼߶ġ
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̫˼ҿνĿԶһѪ
һǳأ۶̣йһ죬ĽŹĳǳأǴڲݣڲңݳ֮ݡ

һԶȻƮһ˴죬ӭƮչϻ֣䡱ɱˡ
ĽȻףӪ
ξգ˴Ӫһ㣬ĪĪţǺڻӪ־
ǡĽ
˿һɵƷд֡ҫЩۡ
վĸ󺺣ףŹ⣬ҫ£״˲ұӡ
ξ߽ĸ󺺺һĬȻ
ξһգѱн£ǹء
ðԵĹأĽߣɫȥ΢۾ĸ󺺡
ѧֺжϸߵͣĸ󺺣ɷŨȻǰսϱ
ϱĽ䲻Ҳ¡
ξûԲؽ⣬ĽºԹ¹һۣŶξȥ
ĸ󺺶һۣ΢΢һЦں
ǼöˣܽӪģѰˣ֮ӣǽУ裬зġ
еĳǸɫеûгǸϲŭɫеģ켸䣬Թ䡣
ЩĸͳͳװƣװֻҪ±У˵ʲôС
һĹأУֻܰЩһѣ֮±Уýȥù
űнӪǶӪսȺֻ֮Ҫһͳɣؿ
Ӫĺǿǳģϧǲ֪ԼһƬģмɺޣʵա

˾ƷξӪϹأ¹㣬зӪˣأĪҪ
Ľεͷһӣ˸оԼʢûʲôĻ
ĲɫǸ̫
˽Ʒ֮һĴʮƥζУ߷࣬һֱǽ¡
Ŵһֱߣм䣬ȻһתһլԺǰ˫ʯʨԱվʮףŹ⡣
ξȭºڻӪξһУξ
һ׻ȥܿ˽˴ţһűǿ䳡ש̵أɾ࣬ʮߣȴӣϱ
䳡棬һվһߣĿʵĿأĿ⴩䳡ϡ
ξӿ첽ӣ䳡ǰһ񣺡ºһаݼξ
СƼˣ߰ڰ֣Ľ
ͷף꣬Щޱ߷ȴ͸ŲˣһСӡ
ξһеͷǣա
ͦСһξͷ΢Цȥɣһ˲һ¡
һгһ£ٺЦξҪһԳʶ
ôŲϷ򣿡ξЦЦ
ңһæǺЦºǺ棬ҲʶһӪ
ξڰ֣ţðɣ᲻
лξһæһ
աξ䳡ʮߡ
ξ˽ǰһ϶ǣСһ
һߴһԼİ׺ӣͷĽС˵İѵһţ
һйǣա


302 
תͷЦСҲûͷСøƵģ
Ľһ侲ûʲô
һ߸΢ЦС⺢ӲᴵţԿɡ
εʮ˵иۣСò񳣬Ҳ׽Ͱ
Ľȴܷ˵УΪġ
ǰЦϷȻˣСԶЩҪСһ
ǡһĽһۣͶȥ
ĽЦŵͷ侲أ״

㣬Ҳû죬ĸ֣˵һҪأʣɳԵУʧ˳ȣһң
ĽɱôӥǽңȻ
ӰһһֻȭͷȻ֣ٿķŴ˱ǰĽһţһۻٿ˺һɣܹˡ
һͷһز
ͷ߯Ҫ˱
ߴЦͷϸ첲ȣ
Ľ˺һɣվסˣҲͣסɴ۾ӣͷţȻˢӣ
ĽЦЦ˵
תͷһݵ룬죡
ߺһЦЦøˣ䡣
ͷɾͱˣϾ͵ϣ˽ʲôˣ
ѽٶˣñ˴ˣһӢţ
ǣҿСһܻ飬һӮͷģ
۷׷ףĵȰ״ϻһеı飬ĽȴףɿΨ²š
ҡͷЦЩͷûһöѽҪƴ
һĴʤ˻ҲûʲôùӣǽӪǺ·ΨһķǴƽ
ƽʮʮҲߡ
ת۹˼άתѾô࣬ȥܿ˾ϣΪεʤ
죬ԼʤҲء

ԲС۾Ц䣬ʱȴЩ׺ݣգգСۣߵСӣϲ룬Ҫùң
˵գһλóһƬӰӣٿĵĽǰͷһȭ绢ȭͷδɭɭ
ĽëΣ֮У߷·Źһ㣬æܣԽ
ڴǰӲ׵ıܿ
ڿУԼ书ߣнղ񹦻壬Ĥǿʮ㡣
顱һ죬Ľ˫ȻԲεţͣˣһֱ˵⣬שӳһŽӡ
Ľɫһף漴ָ糣ߡ
߸ȣ˵Ĺ룬ٿһ£λóӰӣĽǰһȭ
顱һ죬Ľٴκˣ˫ȻӡһֱһɶԶɫ糣
СӣȻмֱ£߽һһֵһȭԽĸ
ĽֻڷŹ⣬Ǵǿᣬϲֻ˵ķ졣
顱һ죬Ľ˳ӡȻӡ
ͣ¹룬ĿߣǿóͷǰԽԽ
СһﵲԽԽɣ˵ֵķš
ϵĽӡȻǰжȥˣ˸жţҲû
ңҲ֪ͷţȭͷǶСһȴܵס˹Ŀ࿴š
ããٽһȭС۵ɴ󣬻׺޷ԶƮʧĽǰ
飡Ľ˳ȥһֱʮ⣬֮ĺˣ˵һʯԡ
ʯԼȴ֣ƷƲ
״ϲһʯ顱һ죬˫ʯУ顱һ죬ʯ۶ϣϰ벿أһ¡

ĽɫǺ죬ףӨջָ糣΢𣬿ЦҡҡͷѾˡ
ղҲܣһȭɽֱҪԼײ÷ǡ
Ƕж֮һȭԼֱ۶ġ
Ҫãߴȣ߷׷׺ȲʣĴָ̾ĽӢ۳ꡣ
źӣС۾ݺݵŵСӣаŹ򣬹
ĽǰǸ⣬ʯλǰӡ
һ߸Цվ׮õģŪһµġ
ǡĽһ
ߺȵСӣղʹʲôаŹ򣿡
ĽСӴǹõжϣ֮
ǹæʡ
Ľͷǣϰķǹ
̵ģԭŵͷ߶ʱһϸߣߺȵϹȥ
ĽæܽϰŽϰ
żСͷһ㶣קקӣߵСͷƵһ
С߸װȻһЦţܱżСУΪǹˣȻǼõġ
Ľ˼ЦЦףԼʵڲá
С߻ͷţ˷ǹҲ̫ðɣͽӪɣ
лĽæһ
ξ˷ܵòæǰлϣ
СЦЦлʲôСһҪлأѡ˲ţȻȥɣò࣬ٻȥ
ǣһйӦתͷһĽ
Ľͷʾף֪ԼҪСģĪҪˡ
źһ뿪ξЦ϶ǣСӸε̣Ǵһѡһ˽
ϸ΢Ц˵أ
߹˹ӣߵСһﻹǽ̣СΣ
ŶȻ漴Ȼ

Ľһֱһ񵲣ӲһУ޻ɣһʱ⣬ûõСΡ
СУǰ򵥣󣬼û˵ʲôʽϮ᱾ܵʩչһС
ĽСþ죬ƽʱһһУ豹棬ۣɹǵ˫ۡ
üһСΣ˽
ҡͷСһҲ߯ˣ
ǺǣġξЦС˵һʱ̲ס봫СΣҲˣҴӦұʹӦˡ
ţСһȷʵϵͷ׵Сߵ·ȻһЩûʲôΣգɡ
Ӫҡͷ
ͷգգСۣٺЦҪΣ
֣ҡͷЦЦ
ͷߵСΣûʮĹҲ룬Ҫʮꣿ
ϸ΢ЦСҲһٳ֮ʵս
ͷʱüЦæĵͷٺ٣ٺ٣Ӣǿк
ĽЩ䣬ͷ飬֪ʲô¡
ʵսѲɣ񵱳̫ķӣԼÿ˴򶷣ս
еҡͷ̾¶һĨͬɫ̾ϢСһкඡ
ĽһԲξ
ξǺЦգ书һЩ࣬ܵסô
ĽΣȴȻͷǣƾξԸ
ξ΢ЦͷǺãӣ߰ɣǻд书һЩ洦󡣡
ǣξĽȻͷ
ͷҡͷԣһ䣺һСӣ
ĽװɫȻ
ξϼһǣҾͽˣΣ̳⼸꣬к˲ƶֻϼһţվ;ǲǣ
ţݵ룬ͷİգͷͷİ֡
ξЦЦ˱ȭת뿪ˡ

䳡ֻʣĽʮߣ˷ܣĽȥһ
Ľǿ÷ëɫȴǶӡ
ЦСһСǿ
ţԾǿö࣬ǵеġ߽ӿڣͷ̾ͳݳţҲд֮磡
ȴӪɡϸЦ
ӦˣȻӵĽ뿪䳡˴ţߣһֱߵǽλá
ųǽԼʮɣһլӸ߸ߴųռز٣ڸƵĳǽ֮£ԵСͰ
լŹӵúܣĴţʲôҲûУҲûʯʨۣЩᡣ
˽ĽǰȻʣĿһƬƽ̹䳡̵ء
䳡ԲΣһȦԼףܴҲСԺ̾ͣѾǳȴξԯʤ֡
Χ䳡һСԺԺһ䳡Ƿ㡣
ʱտ䳡ϣһڷܣһʯӣȦܣٶȻͣ
ĽȥϸЦӪֻһˣˣø飬ЩϼһҲܶһˡ
λǰǡĽʡ
Ц㲻ǰ˼㻹С
Ľͷ˼ֻһ̴ȶأ¶Ÿ첲ȡ
ĸ׳򰾢ÿһⶼŤ֮̾
Сӣеӵ׼һͷ͵ȥͷţҲǸӡ΢Ц
Ľͷܹ˫ƽӣǰܹȴᣬûǡ

ĽԵͷϸЦСһͷԣһ˵Ҫע⣬ʲô棬ῪЦ
Ľͷһһܹȥ
ͷߵľͷһ߯ҲȤˣɷҲ
תͷЦȤҲǿ֮ˣٱԹɣʮȫʮ
ߣҾǣͷһͦظĵ书ǿԸƣƣûɶȱ㣡
̫֣һƺߡ
ͷҴ򣡡ͷС۾һɣ˹ȥʽò֡
Χߺ⣬Ƴһ۹ͲˣƾĴ֣ĽҲװû
ϲǣĽһСԺЦסɣⲻ⣬ӣסˡ
ϣҺʱܳӪĽʡ
ЦȥʱԣӪʦȥȴСδɣ˴βųɡ
Ľǰ˵Сδɣʮꡣ
ڣôáЦеĵ
Ľæʣöã
ϵ͵ÿĽˣһأ꣬ɵģ𼱡
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Ͽģ֪ӾãЦѾ̫֪࣬գ˵СΰɣѰ˲ɽô츳ӦüߣСҲҴСΡ
ĽЦ󣬿츳ðɡ
ţѵãܵסȭͷ츳ʵھˣССΣ֮١ϵ
ĽСӣЦЦŽСԺ
Ժںܿһԣռ˴Ժӣ߽߱ǽ÷뻹һɽ
ȻȣҲм⾳
һָߣСסڣӪϢһ˯ʱѵʣ°칦ԼţˣϢɡ
Ц֣߸뿪ˣֻʣĽһˡ

ĽվƬ̣û뵽ôͽӪ߯һЩû뵽ǣӪֻһˡ
ΪŲпľҪƴȫŬųɣԭ̫󣬶ңȻһİطҲñŤ
ܿ콫Щѹ£ָĺξ޲ݣ汻ȫǾƷԶʤӪ
ϣ࣬ޱȣ¶΢Цҵһ˿ڲ׺ɽĸоʱԼҲܡ
Ҿ߼򵥣һڴ£һŰǽܣһ飬Ľ߹ȥ
һǱ飬ξԼǱȻУͷǱ⣬Ҳڣ顣
Ľ̾Щ飬һӪҲû
ı鼫ѵãھг¼շת书һ
ȴһţӪȻ鴫
ڶſʼ书ţ֮󣬴ӵſʼѰʷӼһЩҰʷš
ĽЩϲ
֮УһżѧʣŶݼ֮ڶξ͵ġȱ⡷УᵽŶݼ֮ɲ꣬ʹٴҲܾ
˱ı飬˵Ŷݼ֮һһȷʵҵһǡܡһǡ֮
飬ǺƿĴͷһֱͷۻĽȴ˷ܵĶţϣŴͷ
ףУŰ˵
ĽһһĶǱÿһ䶼Ҫ׽ãȻһ䣬ԽԽζࡣ
֪УɫѰȴ֪Ų𣬰ѡ


303 
飬̧ͷȥ𣿡
Ľ
ŻԭλݣԺӭ˼ͷߣĽæͣס
ˣæ˵ʦã˼СϺˡ
ĽЦЦСϣˣ
ʮˣ˼æ
ĽͷЦҪСˣҶʮͽҺаɣɡ
á˼æͷĽӣĽţ򣬵ƹݷ硣
˼ؾصϣ˫ִϥǣΣ

ΪûвˮĽǸȻûˮϲ裬ʧˡ
˼æˮ澮Ұȡ
˵գĽӦһ´˳ȥܿ顱һ죬ųȥһȴ˼Ӱӡ
תͷΣ䶯ڼɽæ߹ȥһƣȴɽһŶȥ˼档
һ˽Ǿһӣɵ˼£ܿһľͰͰԡ
Цԭﻹлء
˼ľͰľ߳ɽЦ˵ΪͶھŪһɽ
ţǺ⡣ĽͷѣȤ
Щƽʱ£ܾĥЩ˼ˡ
ӹľͰ˼æһܿˣԼᵽԱߵĳľҨҨˮϲľˣľʱȼգʢ
ĽüЦֻôˮ
˼רעĶŻ𣬻Ծӳӣרע棬춯صĴ¡
Ľһ飬Żعæͷǰÿ춼Ҫȥ̵ģʦòܶࡣ
ĽЦɣغˣˣһܶࡣ
˼æҡͷЦ಻࣬ԼͺˣһҲ۵ġ
ĽЦЦû磬׵ߣרעȾ

ĽһЦʣСϣʮλǰʦ𣿡
ǰ˼ͷЦÿ˶иĹأϧұֻѧһš
һλǰģĽʣ漴ЦҲ²£ǲǰ
µǲʦģ˼Ǿ棬ֻȻ
ĽЦģ飬һ֪ң㶯ǰмФӦǳ²
ô˼ϲʣͷʦһֱұûѧһء
ĽЦҿǰǹй̫ˣҿòܴ󡣡
ѽľͽçרġ˼æ
ĽЦһܴඣǱһΣ
һı뿴˼󣬶һԼ
⡭˼ЩΪѡ
ĽЦҲһǱȻһ£˭󡣡
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һֱߣ춼ǰѵ˵ÿȥʰ񣬿û˽֣Ҳ֪Լʲô̶ˡ
ʦһֱѵ⣬˵Լˣ²çҲԼܲ׶ȴ֪
ĽƣЦ֣ƣ˭ƶ˭
ð˾˼֮⣬ɲһͶ֣˺ôһò
ȥĽ֣վͬʱվɹĽЦ㺰ʼ
ţʼ˼ĵͷ漴ͻȻĽʱһƣһ°Ƴȥ
ĽǺЦ
˼ͨ죬ԼʼûӦûʹѾˡ

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˼۾һ£˦˦첲Ȼ֣ص֣Ľ֡
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͵һͬʱ綤Ӱ㶤סһ˫۵ɴ󣬸첲׳
Ľ΢Цɫ糣ƽȣ°棬˼ȻԼһ
һ֮ţִ󣬷·׳һȦϵԽԽǿĽȻ
ѣ˼һҲɾҪĽƿ
Ľ𽥼СӦһСģ﷭˼żˡ
ʱţȼճž˼ĶһĽ
СˮȻ죬ˮȻҪˣĽ΢Цһƾ˼ƴŬ
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ĽЦСϣǾͰɡ
˵գջ˼δĽȳˣֻܸųʤ֮䡣
֣ʱ£ת۴ʪ󱳣ˮε䣬ϣ
ĽЦȻçһδ֣
˼ҡͷ䣺УҲ㡣
ĽЦ࣬Ұ˳У㵱һ
ģ˼æʡ
ĽЦǳˣܴڿ
˼æʵʦأʦ˵Ҫȥ鷳ġ
˵Żͷ¶˼ģʦ˵̯һôɵģҸӽԼ
ǺǡĽҡͷЦˮȥ

Ľ˼Ū˲裬ڰǰ˵Ĺء
˼ҡͷҲ֪ʲôÿ찴ʱȻʦ䣬һ磬Ǽ㣬ʦܵġ
ĽͷǼΪɣӪ죬ֻҪʱǡ
ǰһ˽㣿Ľʡ
˼ʦ̣ʦһԹۿ˳ָ㡣
ĽЦСѧ˶ã
һˡ˼
ŶĽһû뵽ѾôãЦΣ
˼ܺðǰʯӣܱܾܺˡ
Ľǰɴ书
˼ͷţһ׵
ĽЦǾѧҲ֪ǰôָҡ
˼Ҫѡһʦʦˣϧ񲻽̵ӵġ
˵лȻŲͷǽ˵һ£ߵӴǵ̸
Ľһ񣺡ǰ
ʦ˼֣صĽȻͬ
ͷͷİڰֲ֣ˣЩȽڣʡʡߣҳԷȥ
˵գŤߣ²
Ľһ˼˼˷ܵĵʦкöԣ
ɲǡͷǰ棬һ̵ĺɫ߿ߣ˱ϼһˣ
ĽЦʲôö
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Ľһʱ۾һм⣬Ǻһ㣬磬˴ѡ
ûŹȴɵĴǰ

СУǳˣܳģãͷˣС
˵Ŀӳ˴˾һγܵķ˭ͻƣЮһ⣬ǵȺ֮
һ⣬Ǽޱȣеһûţеĳ飬˸߲ң
˼̾˿ҡͷУ̲ųˣ
ĽЦλǰǺУȴؽˣóԻҪԵģأ
ͷһָ棬һͲӷţǱأ;͹žͰգ
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ȴĽѾУ˫Ѹ鶯ǹʩչ쾡¡
Ȼʮ߿ӻȻسȣ꣬ʵĽȴܲУ·硣
ռ˫֮ҲǶ֣类ɡ

˼ȻӦĽָ£˾ϣǸԣĽֻ˵ζ
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ͷһ죬˵ڱ߯ˣһҪģŰա
ĽԹ⣬ֻ巢ȣЩȻѰ⣬˵ǻ⡣
˳ԹˣȻ˵ġ
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ĽЦ벻ɣԹ֪
ǰ˵ݡϰȻЦЦ

ڶ죬ĽСԺ䳡Ѿˣʮߣ˼ڳһվš
Ľһ֪׮ѧ׮ǵϢǿķš
Ľ߹ȥ˵ͷŤͷ
ʱ˹ɾѸ磬ӭĽͷȭƽ
ĽӦ죬Ѿо죬ǼвУ˴˼ѣͷһƣרעԼġ
Ľ񣬱ϾʮΪĽ죬Բһء
ȴֲ࣬ѷһȴͨղ񹦣ʽֲ
ңܷĶã˫ֱַʩչͬʽˣߵ棬
ˣԦܲסнղ񹦻壬ĤžȻ
ҲκãĸΧת۹Ľϰ˲ȭš
л֮ЧĽȭţҲ⣬ֻۣˡ
Ľʵʸо۲Ծɺ£һ˰ʱѾӣȭӡӡ
Ľסӣ䰤˲УȴȻ
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ǽԼķˣսӿȻЧ
ϸ׵ͷĽЦ˾տĲɱ֮ս޵Уֻϧ򡣡
Աһߵͷ˼һоʹǿͳɣ书
ĽҲ
Цеĵ˵ĿգҲûʲô鵤ҩǿֻƴˡ
ͷȻٺЦǱв٣ȥһЩ
ϳƬ̣СһȥȥһЩԪ


304 
Ľ¶Цϣȥԣ
ôСУǲǺͷգСԲ۾ٺЦ£Ⱥ£ҪȻ⼸ϼһô͵
ϸҡͷЦͲ˵䣬ԭЩͣɢò
ͷߵЩһûģҵĺã
Լһˣ͵ԪЦ
ûңҲ͵ͷһﲱӣ
Цǲͳƽ˼ŹԪ֪
ߣЩһ϶ţȴó߯Сˣͷ¶顣
εҡͷⴿ֣Ƕ˭̵ס£

˵˵ȥĽˣĺһޱ͵һЩԪ
Ϊʳ֪ζĽҲѧһѧ
ĽƬ̣һ϶˵ۣЦǰǿɱȲǰǡ
ӿʼ֪Լ书ԶԶǵ֣򣬲Σֱ֮ë
ξ˵ѧ磬壬ۣ۶׳ǸȻѾ׳硣
Ĥûܳ弡⣬Բһ磬һ磬֮
Լ㣬Լס
ͷߵСȻɣҲ飬Ҳ󣬿ֲ㣬С󣬸㵱ִ´࣬ͳȥɽɣŪŹԪ
ɽɣĽæʣΣӣԼûʲôܾأֻˡ
ͷʣɽ㲻֪
ĽͷӶԺ֪ûɽɡ
ޣʲô֪뵱Զţͷҡͷп
Ľ˼ЦһЦܶԵ٣ڱ߾ǣ֪˳ʲôӡ
ǶΪ󺹹˳ò࣬¡Ŀ˵ıƽײͬܺϡ

Ľɱ˲ٵĺӥ֪˳ûʲôȻѪͳһģ֪Ϊγҡ
Цͷ֣ûϵ꾡ϣûȥӪЩ϶̽ðΣãҪϧǡ
ĽȻ𾴣̽ӪΧԵУįţұһɳۣӣ԰˱Ʒ衣
ЦȻȥϴϴЪһЪҵȻȥŶݼס
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Ľ˱ȭתߣ뿪䳡˼æߣУҪȥ𣿡
ĽЦǰΥˣ
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ԪԵһţܵޣڶžͲһЩԵʮŰ˿ţܸֻһҲܡ
˳Է̫˷ѣָ˳ԣЧ
𣿡˼Ľҡͷæʵ
ĽЦЦԼƶ˵ˡ
˼ü룬Űɣûᣬš

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Ľͷһᣬһʱɫ䣬ŤͷԵͼ
ϸ׵ͷԵͼ
û뵽Ľҡҡͷѻȫ򿪣ɨ˼ۣӷŵǽ£ȥժһɽˮϴͼ
ϣ˫ֶȥȻססһطЦԭ
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ĽЦͼɽҪԿˣɽɰɣ
ţɽɡЦ
ĽȻ£̾еԶš
ͼϣɽɲǱ߽磬ߣൽԵģǲǧ˰
ƥһĹ򡣡Ц
Ľ֪ǱģЦɽɿǿǲǣ
ҡͷȻɽԵĴɣйԪʵߣʵ类ˡ
Ľɻ
ЦǿҲ֮ŪضʮŹԪϸ񡣡
Ľ룬ϣԼȥɡ
ôС׸ЦЦҡͷĪСһؼʱԾ
Ľɻȥ
ϵСϵ죬ǱǿԽǿԽΣʱ򣬱Խһˡ
ĽȻд£
˵ˣ׺ɽ½ʦ־ǿǿνţܻ˾ϲ
ʦ˵Ѫ֮ʣǿ󲻵á
Ѫģ¼޼лյģȣѪԽԽϡԽԽ٣糿ǡ

ϵ˵ʵգԼȥǡˣ͸һö˶
ǰǺβл֣Ľ⡣
ҡͷһʱһңһ֪˻ţѼǱΩپǱ
Ľü̾˼࣬ôһСģСûˣʵڲֵ
ϵÿȥ񣬱˼ÿΣգΪһأգãǱȴԶѷСϣ
ȷʵ硣Ľ̾
ЦҲԷƱĿǰ˵ԶʤҸɽɵľλá
ָŵͼϸϸ˵ÿһӣһɽһǣһСһСׯ˵װס
һ˵ã˵꣬ϳһӹյЦɶסˣ
Ľͷǣסˡ
˵ţ˳˼ɻ֮Цһһ𣬵ͷû뵽ԣţѧŶݼס
Ľϲлϡ
ϰڰ֣ЦеĵлңԼŶݼ֮ѧ̫ɬ£ûйĿı£ѧᡣ
ĽǺЦãҼԺá
ϽŵҲ¸˵̫磬üԶԶܶĿģѧԡ
Ľٶ˵һ˵ŶݼףϵĻ࣬ĽԲ˵ûûˡ
˵˼䣬ͣ£һӣݵĽǰȰסȻ˵
ĽͷƺСӣܿ췭꣬ݻؼϣѯ˼䣬ȷʵסˡ
С䱡ȴɬֻӲûʲôš

ļ죬Ľÿ綼뼸˶֣ڰλ˼ðĽֲס
Ľȴ⣬ڲ׺ɽɽչأ̫ı££ûʲôˡ
ңнղ񹦻壬ҲۣһʹĸоĤһʹ
ҪǣȷʵЧһֵ죬ȷʵ
ңЩߵʽ仯鶯ȷʵѰܼ֮Уջࡣ
ʮ󣬼ϴӦʽŶݼס
ԪĺҲˣĽ˼ȥ
ĽΣһο飬飬ŲɣҪȫѶȲС
˼ȴη壬Ľ֮£ֻͬ⡣
֪Щ߻ᰵԱؼʱ򣬲ְˡ
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ʹ˱֣ԼҲûӪˣΣֻܳɹ
ĽʱҲû˵ɽԶкĹܷء
ٳǰͷĽļ򣬺ٺЦСУһγɹ˵ɽķӣ㲻Ҳá
˵Żգգۣǵ⡣
ǡĽЦŵͷ
ͷٺЦȥɣȥأСУعԪҸһö
ʲôöĽЦʡ
ͷٺЦһѱ
ĽЦҵĸ¹Ҳһ
ߣǰѸ¹ͷƲƲ죬ߵڶ֮ǰպϣ󣬸㱦ˣ
˵ŻĳһΣʱɭɭһˮζӨӨ
ԡͷݹ
Ľֽӹ֣ʱһӨӨˮúᣬʵȴصúܣѰ

ֳأ⣬ϣֻҲųȣʱɽ֮С
Ľп˵ԼĻꡣ
ǰ˵ӦðɣĻ̌ͷ
ٺ٣еͷٺٵЦĵԵĵҴԽã
Ľҡͷû˵ⴾԽơ
ԵģûͷЩɨ򣬾鰵Ͷˡ
ЦԽԵңж֮ƣڵʱųƵһˣõ֮衣
ʦλǰѾˣ˼ʣһĽĶűȥˮˡ
ͷûĵϻ˵ϣ
ЦǰڣǲҽԵġ
ĽҲ棬漴Ц⵶ǸСϰɣи¹ӡ
˵¹ϹһΣеʦˣʲôףܿϱĵ
֮ñΪʹ죬Ѱĵþһ¾ŪУֱŪ˵
˱޴ݣԷĵʩչֹв˳Ѱĵ˶ʵڱ粻á
˼æڲ֣òá
ͷߵϹ򣬵ûã˷ˣ
źٺһЦСУ˵ŴԽƵĵ裬Եܹã
Ľһ˼˵֣һɲͬϢ
ЦеҲ֪٣ԼǼٵģʮоʮ꣬ҲûŪ
ĽȻһЦã
Сӣʹ죡ͷüЦͳȥˣҵ֣Ĺ


305 ɽ
ĽͷߵЩϼһĲŶҪоҪŪǴԽƵĵ費ɣ
ЦԽƵĵ춯أȷʵǿܵ䵶裬˲á
ͷмƲƲ죺ߣҿǰΣһֲˣܴʲô裿
Ц˵ȷʵÿȥĸ򣬲￴գԸߣ˵á
ĽЦ򣬶ǰǹ
ͷæİ֣òǶѧʲô
ĽЦЦٶ˵£ɭɭǡ

ͷһƣϼ֣
ֹӲԾ͸һۻ·ɽǰ֣̾
ϵ˵˴Խ飬еƣƳʲô
ĽЦҡͷɭϣɽȷʵʲôûƳ
ˣͷӣ봾ԽƵĵħͷڰ֣ΪȻĵ
ϸЦо׵ԾУǵսɶǹ
ͷƲϼͣǰշΣڣһʥˣⲻͺȻⴾԽƵĵһģ
ϸЦΪβΪ趼⵶ϣⲻʵ˴˵𣿡
ͷͷİ֣㷴ħˣڰѵ͸СˣٸҪ
ϸ΢ЦҲգĽգ⵶Ҳմˣоɡ
ǡĽӦ
ͷţ˵ãǽСнצбųɡ
ĽЦлǰ
żлңͷһ֣ٺЦԪҿҪջصģ
ǣסĽЦŵͷӹʣҵ䡣

Ľã˲ûýԣԼң˲ߣǴǽȥ
˼˫ץʯǽץɵץȥĽȻû뵽죬˾ѧ
ǽЩʯӲõҲһǳ۰ˣ˫ɵץȥץˣѪ֮ĵס
ĽȻ񣬵⣬û㾳磬ֻñǽ䡣
ʩΪһҹ͵ԵĳǽȻĽ˼Ȼĳ˾Ӫ
ԵľӪȻܣȴҲиңδԣʿЩиû̫ӣӪѲҲɿ塣
ĽˣҡͷѣиһҪǲѣҲиġ
ҷ˼ĵ뿪˾Ӫ
˼֣Ľ۾·ȴŲ飬ңǡѲڵϣ֮壬ܹ
ϼᱻǷ֣ȴƫƫǰôǰȻǰ˺
ĽԼֱûΣգȻĸҲˣûȫĽ䱸
һӪ˼̲סʣУ۾ܿ·𣿡
ĽЦõͨ
ͨ˼һ˫һеʡ
ĽЦŵͷǡ
ͨ𣿡˼һ£˼ʡ
ĽЦղŲǿ𣿡ҵͨܲòãõö˷ϰ
ȴףԼͨǷҵͨᣬǿȻӦ
оˣܵˮоˣܱĸߣûʲôͬǿˣȻܿΧĶȡ۾Ĺܡ
ͨ˼˫˷ܵķŹ⣬Կòã
ĽʧЦͷãԾ԰ա

˳νƳǣ˶࣬ʱҹʱΣַǷְٱ·
߳ĵľӪֵҹУһ˳ߣһߴ˵
ôԣĽЦʡ
˼룬Ȼͣ£ԱС̯һ棬Цתм档
ĽЦŵͷ
˼棬һæŤͷȥĽ۾ңʹۣҲԼ֡
ŤͷĽ۾ƣǲۣ档
ĽЦ
˼һȷɣ˷ܵĵͨ
ĽЦûʲôֻСˣûʲô
˼ͬ⣬ûͨǿɲ׳
ĽЦ𣬼ʹûͨͨ߳ӪףҹУй䣬ȻͶһҿջҲųȥ쿪ţԡ
ڶһ磬Թջ緹Ȼ˱ţȥǰɽɡ
ɽλɽɽλԾλãһλɽ֮ϣν˽֮ܵ
ɽΡΡɽȻ֣֮ˣίʵһ֮ء
ഫɽڴ˷ʵ¼еĶ츣ء
ɽԵĵλ׺ڴܵĵλƣĴɣڶ࣬ɹɭϡ
峿ֵɽվţ׼Ӵǰݷõĸ·ˡ
ɽʢ⣬书ֻش֮ѧǰɽɰݷõ˼ࡣ
еǰҩеİʦеĵлҲеսеǰ̽ѣ˶УһһȻֱӴ
ҩܣʦ˵һεʱ䣬лȰˣսȥ̽ѵģҲȥֵô©

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ƫƫаţһûţ˰վţŴ׳ʯһһʯԼкϱ֣ơ
ʯһƷдšɽɡ֡
Ȼ˫һվֱӣֻ˻˽ǰȴһУһꡣ
ܳǣеĵλߣУ˲ҵǰȭһ񣺡λСʦǰкιɣ
Ľ΢΢һЦɽ书׿˴ˣһ
ܣһһۡ
󺹹ǵжԹϵܵĹϵȴãȻ߾ʱгͻɱӰĺƽ
һֱ´侮ʯŶԸ󺹹ʱ͵ϮԼһֱʾá
֪ɽǷսĽЦ
ԶæԺƬ̣ͨһž
˵գӺ˵һתɽܣһ̶ʧ¶һṦ
ĽԵͷɽȷʵǲݰ


306 ɽ
ӺͶĽ˼˫Ҫ͸ˡ
ȻʣǴˣ
ĽЦЦ̨ţңʲôðģ
Ӻ͵ǴǱ߽Ƿŵģɵһӥأôģ
ĽЦ¶ûУֽ̣
ӺͻɵʣĴӥķ
ĽЦӥûʲôˣ̨ʶӥ
СʦôĿӺ΢̣ɫá

ͷŭ
ӥһЩɵľӢɣ书ǿ־ᶨ겻ʵеӢۡ
ӺͶԺӥĵﾴĽڮ٣ڲסų̆ӥｻ֣
ĽЦЦûлش
˼һĽӣۣ¶顣
ףҪԪΪʲô͵͵ǱȥҪģҪսɽɣⲻǴݾ
ĽߵԶСϣǲǾ֣
˼һԶӺͣСĵͷǰô𣿡
󣬴˷ãҲ١ĽЦԿ˵
˼һŪãû
ĽǺЦ첻ɣҲûҪѽ
ǺðɣһҪСġ˼ƶͷѡ߻Ӻߡ
ӺͱŰӣˡ
˻Ц֤Ǵˣ
ӥڮ٣һǻŭƫƫûӷйֻұͷ
Щɽɺٽս
գ¡ģΪŻɽдһɽɶģǾл
ĽЦܡ
ӺͺߵȻܣð䣬ҿɽûȤˣ
ĽЦЦӥ䲻ôѰʤ˶࣬һҲף׵Ļȥ

ס죡ֱ֮ӺҲѹסڵĳԺźϺһ
Ľ°Цɫȴһǫ̂Īز죬ʲôѵ
ôĿӺһ֪Լ³çˣȴ䣬ɽȹһأ
ĽЦɽɣ˷ȣõúܣ棬úܣ
Ӻⲻɽɵ£ڲѷֲң
ĽЦҡͷкγڲѷģ
ߣڮٺӥӺҧߵ
Ľüͷһʵʵ˵ڮ٣ӥȷʵôǴɱ˲٣ܵ仨ˮ
һӺʹգν̣һĨ⻮С
Ľ˺һһɽɵӣ˰Ե
ըף쳹ɽ
ʦס֣ȻһԶƽڶߣȴӰӡ
Ļ̌ͷԶɽһɫӰһ̰㼲䣬ǰȥͨԶ
ӺҪս˼Ȼǰһĳ
һ죬ĳڿлһߣĵֻ⡣
Ӻɫһ䣬˺һ˫䱸״˫ӥ˼
˼һҡҡͷ˻Ľߣм־졣
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ɽɵĵӶҲõģֱˡ
ʱһ·̸ɽɣ־η˵ɽɵ书ǿ
һֱЩģ겻
һ겻ɣֻػʦˣıҪʧȥԼܲˣҲ϶ܡ
ǾԼˣΣһҪ뷨ŪعԪġ

Զһ㵽˽ǰղŵξ۵ףɫ΢䣬˿˼Ӻͣʦܣ˶֣
ʮʦ֣ڮǺӥӺߵĵ
Զüô£
ĽЦЦˣֻ˵˼ʵλ̨Ͱνʵ벻
ʦʢˡԶȭ΢Ц
ĽЦһǸģЦûʲôˣֻ뷨ͬˣɽǿѲҲܱôģ
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ĽЦ˵ǲˣ
ԶЦɽϲѻѣڴܹȴǲͬλա
ĽЦЦ·Ҫд費أ
Ǻð죬ֻҪܴɽȻӦԶЦ棬ɽд裬ҪɽսģȴɽܴɽȻʸдѧ
˼ߵôҲ̫ˣɽ۵þƣˣ˭ٶ֣
ĽЦŸƵͷҲǸ⡣
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սǻмӺһ
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ŶĽЦŵͷ
ңɽȻᰲϢڶߵд裬ϲָԶЦ
Ǹأ˼ʡ
Զˣҩٶ֡
ӺƲƲ죺ܱӴˣʲôд裿
ĽЦ⵹ҲǣǺðɣǾʹɽԡ
ãԶЦŵͷȻ鴽ХХণֱ߿ɽԿš
Хһÿλá
Զһָλɽգ;Сģ

Ľ˼һۣ̤ɽ·
С·治ߣСɵݼ˵õɽɣΪԼ֮һܵĲ׺ɽƣӦõ·˲вǡ
ͨ㣬಻㡣
С·״ʯͷľײˡ
˼²æУǰ濪·
ĽЦðɡ
ʺϿ·ֻҪۣܲС뿪·ҲûʲôΪ߲ȥ
˼ǰͷĽһɣԶܾȵóʩչ书Ŀռ䣬̫谭ʩչ书
ĽԱ۾֮۸ӣ۲Χ֮ڣɽ඼С
ɽϵΣ࣬ȴ֮УΪһ壬еĵֱסϡ
ͬסɽϣ׺ɽȻͬɽɸȻ֮ϣȻϣ޹ֺǾͨȷʵ
ɽһӼ򵥣һۣԺӺܴ󣬴һС̨ӣǼ̳ʱ̨һߣü԰ף׷ͯգ̨ˣרע˵
Ľҡͷκǽһ㣬Լòʱ򣬹ֲҪܾԼսء
飡˼Ȼһȭײһڳʱ˳ȥ˸űɣײ
˼ƲƲ죬ղ˺Ȼ͵Ϯ֪书̫ֵ̫˭ϵ
˼תͷЦǵ书Ҳ̫ˣóۣ¶ɽɵ
ĽЦԽԽǿģĵӣ𼱡
ðɣҵģһȥ˼Цһ¼ӿ죬ٶȴһȥ
һӿ죬ǰ漸ûеĳˣеĳˣǰ¶˼һһɾ䣬Ѵ֮

ԽԽ죬СҲ࣬ԱסΧķ羰
Ľۣ֮谭ܸɽȷʵ࣬һ̤ҹۿἫ
ϧǾѧʹṦҲóӯһ֣籼á
˼˲һֱȫעԽԽѲĶ֡
֪ɽȷʵ鴫ʼʱףɽʢ֮£ʵˣȷʵи֡
ʼʱһһһҪʮУƷչȥɽ˵Ѿвء
ĽҲûæ֮ģԹۣյ蹦·Ѿ֮һգѾܿˡ
ǣԽߣķѵʱԽ࣬ͬʱ䣬߲һ֮һˣȥûԼæҪɽ
뵽ˣҡҡͷһľԼһɳһӲ࣬öԲ磬ӡ
ȻһӰһ˴ӵ˳ֻӳ˼ݡ
˼ʽȴһЩȱֱֱȥʺϾ֮ϣﶯ֣ʧСɣ˲ٵĿ
˼ΪԶʤԷԼ书ֲڣһʱȴκβöԷֻܲһ
ṦݣȻ㣬ȴĽֲ˼ϲ£һ
˼һʮᣬƫƫԷƻϤַӣʽľʵʩޱȡ
ʱȻһӴ顱һ죬ֱӻ˳ȥﲻӰӡ
˼תͷȥĽ΢ЦԼ
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˼ͷ漴ͷ˼Ц˼ٺ٣᲻ʤ֮䣿
һսȻҪһ鶯֣ĽЦ
⻰˼룬ͷ

һٶȴ˼ǰͷĽں˼湥ֵĽûһ
õǹֿڶԷ֮ʱٿһ£ͱã򣬽Ūɡ
価ôһܲģֱӵ£л֡
˼̾У书Ҫ֣ҸסУ
ĽǺЦӪǰѧǹǴ󿪴صĹҲһ·ͣܶԡ
οҡ˼ҡͷ
ĽЦʵ˵ܲңսɱơ
⻰һһ٣书ȷʵսɱǰ˵ΪͬĽΪʤȻͬ
˼ǺЦ˼ЦʦһֱұþСɵĹֻɱˡ
˵ŻһӦɽɵĵӡ
ٶȴûһѾ˰ɽ
һɽȻˣһĲһˣˣʱˣң书һЩ
˵ǿ񶮵úϻ֮ĬҲŪ˼æҡ
ƾΪЩɽɵĵǸ֣ȴҲסâСɹ򣬶ɽɵ书Ʈݣ޼ѰӦȫԿ书ϡ
һΪƾĹ类ɽɵĵӻˡ
ĽҡͷһֱԵĶǾи֣ʵһ̰塣
㣬ؼǲ᲻֪ϧ֪ˣҲ޿κΣ˼ˣʺϾСɵ书

ĽٶȲվ˼󣬿Ϊ令͵Ϯø˼ս˻ԣ͵Ϯ
˫־ͨ׼ʱһɱֱӰ˻ɳȥɥʧٶֵ
һֱɱֻ֣˻ɣҲˣֻʹһЩһʱ̲ܶˡ
˼һֱҧţֻޱȣЩһ󣬸޴ʹһкĹȥ˼Ѿһ㻬ˡ
Ľּ׼һһ̾ѡ
Уʲôʡ
ĽЦⲻǹǹǷǹŽϰļҴѧϧܴ㡣
ԭǼҴѧ˼¶ź顣
ڼҴѧҲҪһ֮⴫ģ֮Σ
ĽЦΣʩչ򵥵ʽԽԽá
ԽԽã˼ʡ
ΪϾʽԼʽҲҪž򣬸ӦģĽĻƫƫ෴
ĽЦԼ˷Լ˳ʺϼʽĪԼĳȥԵ˵ĳ
á˼һ£ͷ
䲻⣬úǴˣһԼףԿҲ޷
˵ŻȻɽɵӣһ£Χɫ£ſֲݵϣʹϸҲ
һԾֱӳ˼ν̳綾ߡ
˼˫һģӭϽ⡣
ɽɵӲһˣ֪Ϲ˵ãηǽһΣ綾һ㣬ƹƣĿڡ
˼˫һȥĽὣ⣬ʽٶȼ죬Ƶö˲òС
ת֮䣬ʽ򵥣ȴռ˵˳ʧ
ϲܲϧĽȻֳ˻ɣء
ĽЦ
˽ߣȻֵ书ԽԽǿٶȴԽԽ졣


307 ䷽
Ⲣ˼ѧĽһ˼ǰͷλû˹
һȴɱΪĽѾվȣѾзߡ
˼÷㶣ò˼飬÷䣬ЩȻɽɵӣûüУѾС
Ľǰ֪ǣѾںʽſڶһ̽ͷͱ˴š
Ȼ뵽ͨ˭˵ͨûõģⲻͨĹ
Ľǲͨǰ
ĽͷϣЦѵõĻᣬûһ
˼̾Ϣһ˵УҵҲ뵱еģϧͬ⣡
ĽЦΪβͬ⣿
˼ֻһ磬һңͲܴڽӴϼҵˣ
ĽͷЦǰҲԣڣǴ˽뻹׳Ѿˡ
˼̾˿ǿϧҽ˼ң˺ӣһҪΪɮ޷𣡡
ĽЦΪҪ޷𣿡
˼޷ûзա
ĽתЦСʲôգ
˵ŻȻ̽ѵˮԱԾˣų̹ȴĽǣȻ綾߳ٿ£ˡ
˶ʱ˳ȥһҲûʩչѵ
ҲϲٵĴɽߣܴģҲûģԼȻû߹һС
˼Ѿֲ֣ĽĽŲһ˵ŻǷգ岻ã
ĽͷȻ
ȻЦĸʲô
˼յĵҲ˵ʲôֻ
ĽЦⲻһɽҩǿҩŪһЩǡ
ĽЦ˵ԪҲǿ֮Ч
ѽ˼ʱ˫۷Ź⣬æĵͷôû뵽أԪǿԪģӦöĲЧ

˵Ż޲һ嵽ɽȻǾɽѾԶˡ
ȻͣסæʣˣУԪ
ĽЦһ¶עӮˣȻ˹ԪҲһȥ͵ȥ
ѽ˼¶ЦݣЦã
䲻ΥʦһֱﲻҪ͵˵鵤̫ʣʹǱˡ
ʦΥʦҲôӣֻϣҪɱˣ͵͵ˣ֪
Ľȴĵɽ䲻⣬ʦǰһҪеģԼ⣬ֻˡ
뵽ȻæʣǣôܱƵùԪѽǲôɵɣ
Ľһ䱦¶ƶЦݡ
˼ͷһƣȻҪöǴӦ
ĽҡͷЦǣô˵ǶԶģγǲӦ
˼һ
ɫ䣬æУһˣͲôʦ
ĽǺЦˣǾ͵͵ҩ˳ѵһ͵˾ǣûʲôġ
˼ҡͷҩ͵ѽһֱߵģ
ĽЦ򣺡İգ⣬صģ
ðɡ˼뵽ʦԸһееģֿʮģֻܵͷӦˡ
˽¼ӿ죬ĽԽԽ죬˺˳ֱ֣һ𼸿Сʯͷ
Сʯͷ֣֮촫ֱӱ
һٶȴ˵ɽɵ书ԽԽǿȴ첻Ľİ
ԾԦޱȣСʯȥѷķɵʮ㣬һܵס
ת۹˵ɽΡĵǰ

ӥʱɳȥľƣȻӣȴҲ͸һɻ֮˲ꡣ
ǰ̨׹ŽףѩһȾ
̨߸վ꣬һˣɫװְӣӢ˲۷ɡ
Ľ˼֣һ漴һ˺ȵʲôˣ
Ľɮۣȭµ˴ܹˣĽɽɴֽһ
Ǿˣһ̤ǰǽǰüʮʦûؾǣ
꽣üĿԳܱʵһѵõӣ˫۾ҹĻеĺǡ
˼һۣߵǴɽģ
ԭˣȻ̧ͷɽ¿һۡ
ĽЦģֻǴǣû
걧ȭ΢ЦǺǣλ̨ĳû˴ɽɹģ
ʹһɫһƮɽȥһת˵ۣƮӯ
ҡҡͷûᣬֻǴܾɫ
Ƭ̣ղ۵ߵǰ˵һ仰ͷ
Ľȭ½ܣûλ
ĽЦҡͷա
˼һ۽ܣ˼
ãմʦλ룬ʦڽλɽȥһЪϢգд費١
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Ц棺Ǻǣλһ·ɽνˣؼŶ֣гս֮ӣǲǣ
˼ļȥܾôﲻþʱᱻ˹һ㣬޲˹Ԫֱˡ
˵ҲһתͷĽ
ĽЦЦҲãһۡ
λ롪¶Цݣڵ롣

ڽܵ£̤Ͻѩ̨ף˵ۣ˼ºȻˡ
ĽɣЦݣ·̤һ㣬ȻˣͨһʲôΣգǰ֪ԼϹĸʲô
뵽ˣȻģҲٽţĽ˵ۣ˺ѹѹһƬ
Ų̨Ϻ׷ͯյߺȻͣסһ˸ȥĽˡ
˼ûôһȻ֮£ţм־ִ٣ĽŲŲ
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ӭٵĿ⣬Ľ磬Цдų
˽üͷᣬһˣԵϣİãη壬̫Сˣ
Ⱥ˴ȵˣشȥ
ԣȥ˸͡
˼ɫһԭľִٶʱ̤ǰһĽǰɨһˡ
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ĽЦݲģҡͷû뵽λȣʵʧʧ
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ĽͷЦǣɽɴҵ£˴ʶһ
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˶ʱ˽۷׷ףʱɨһĽ˼

ף˵ɽʲôʵǶףɽȷʵףܴɽĶ֮
ңɽһ涨ܴɽģǰʮĵӳ֣Ȩ֣ΪǶ֡
Ƕ֪˵ܴɽֻǰʮĵӲſӮˣЩʮģǶ֡
ĽЦЦתҿ˰գЪϢ쿪ʼԣΣ
죿Ц첻ִ̫ˣЪ
ĽͷЦҲûˣһЪãɣΣ
Цٺò
ĽЦ˵ˣһֶ鵤йԪǿ֮Ч֪ۣ
ҡͷʧЦôܣɵĹԪֻ࣬ã⴫ġ
Ľ̾˿ҡͷǾͿϧˡ
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Ľͷ¾˵˷ˣ֮֮˷ˣǿ֮Ч
ܵͷ
Ԫˣͨǿ壬٣˳ˣǿǿ׳壬ʵѵõҩ
ɽܹĴ֮УԪӹΰ
ĽʣɵĹԪ䷽ɷ
Ŀ죬ƾˣЦܣ䷽ֻһգûڶ֪


308 
Ľ̾˿ҡҡͷǾͿϧˡ
ϧʲôüʡ
ûô򵥣պҲɵϣҲǷӣ˵ôĻȻ̡
ĽЦұԴ˵ΪͷǹԹԪ䷽Ϊͷ䣬һԸˡ
ͷܿ˿Ľĵ
ĽεʣʱһˮζɭɭǿΧ¶ȶĽ˼֡
õ̲ס̾

Ľḧӳ΢۾¶֮ɫ̾Ϣ˺õ᲻뿪
Ǻεʡ
Ľۣǳ岻ãùԪ˴˵
һ漴ɫ΢䣬ϻָ糣Цûɣһ
ĽЦЦĿһۣһ¶ܶô
ֻһͶƺԼˣȴװ£˲ƤæĪǣڵʥĶ
Խƣеʥ֮ƣĽЦʣҡͷû뵽š
æʣǴڵʥĶ
ĽЦЦȻһ֣ݳԿա
ܳһ£̲סģΡΡ֣ӹ˶ϣ˫ۡ
˰Σۣᵽǰϸڵ֣
һ֣ܱ֪ⶨǴڵʥĶš
Ƶ֣ˣдֻǴڵʥױ飬ȻǶ
˵ôôϣת˫۾Ľҧʵ
ĽЦЦһλΣм٣
ҡҡͷڵʥĶЩֲ٣ѱ棬һСֱܷ

ĽЦŵͷǺãȨٵİգԪֲ⴫ҲûʲôȤ
ţһ֣֣ܿЦȥ˵һôž
ĽͷҲãǻҰգǲǣ
ЦеģȴƺһӦֱӳ
ڨڨЦŵ϶Ī֣ղһʱʧ̬㡣
ĽӹЦǴܣλԽƵʲôҲûʲôȤû뵽ԣԽ˵λ
ڵʥţԴ˫ɫһ࣬͸ŽԺ
Ľ̾ϧϹ˼
˵Ϲ˼µһ֮ƣҲ֪Ǽ١ɫ΢䣬ЩȻ
Ľҡͷʱ򣬴ԽƵʱʮ꣬Ϲ˼ʮ꣬õԴĵϹ˼õԴĽջϹ˼ʤһܴԽƵĵܺãϧʤܹܣǴܣĵλߡ
ֵϹ˼̫ҫۣס˰ա
Цһ˶飬ڵʥ䲻Ϲ˼ȴ޵֣
ĽҡͷЦԼ˵Ҳš
ô˵ڴܲ󣿡æʵ
ĽͷЦҲǣƾ˵ĲʣѾºУܲ󣿡
ܿ𣿡æʡ
ĽҡͷԪ䷽ûĶϣ˵⵶Ŷľ裬ǹǵҲȤ
Ľֽ˵ߣǼ٣˭Ҳ֪֮ûʲô裡
ҡͷ󴫰ˣ
ĽЦЦĿһۣ󴫣Ȼգ֮˵ϵŶĴУֵɹת֣
Ƚ˵Цܵö֪Σ

ε̾һͷǺãȥٸϢ
ҲôشݲԼϸһĽϵĵ΢΢һЦ˵ѴһСԺǰ
˵ۣһۣ˳ɽ߼һƬֵӳУ˵š
˶СԺ⣬ΧߴߴиͣԵøľꡣ
Ц⼸Ȼ徲ˣûбĿˣǿ⣬¾Ǳˡ
ĽͷЦЦˣ·ذɣԼͳɡ
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һмߵܣʲô£꣬˵գ
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˵գ²һĺãδĻúûúã˭˵塭ߵ˵Ȼ

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ʦ˴ɽǰսǡܵ
ŵͷ˵ţ⼸ܴɽĲˣˣ
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Ÿף΢һ¶ЦݣĪǶ
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Ȼƶĵʥױʣʮа˾Ƕ
뵽ˣ˽ЩζʲôζŵʥһĴС
ʥľ˵ѧʹܰӢۣҲ֮֡
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һ˫ɽɾһͷͻһ˫Х£˿ɵ
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ӦǴܵġܵ
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ܵ˵񣬶Եˡ


309 
ӥ˫գգˡ
ü
ܶ˿Ҳɻ󣬾ʲộֱֳ˴ɽɡ
Ҳ̫ɽɷˣѲɣ书ǿ޾ɽеĸ֣
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룬ǿǳͱϾ书ǿǿȥʦţηĪǲɽֵСӣ
ʦ˵ߣӡ㶣᲻֪ƥĵɣ
ĬȻ޷
ȷʵˣʹɵҲɵز磬ɵ

һߣԺվڳһصƣĽһ˫΢ţƽƽ
˼Ųǰʵ˫״һ
ˣĽףΪ˫˷ʯ綹ľȭ
һȴӰ졣
Уǻ᲻˼Ȼڡ
ĽЦ
ǰ˼˵ǿֱӰɱˣȥʲô취
ĽЦǲɵϣóȻ£ǻɹΪθ˵ǲк֡
ңֱ˾ǣô˼ҹͬ
ĽЦЦİգһţñǸࡣ
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ĽЦһĲɣҲֻˡ
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ĽЦһǰùԪãǿɲָѰܴҩ
ѽ˼æĵͷ
ĽЦҪͷǰѵҩյһʡ鷳Ҫһһ˵ȥʣȥ

ѽ˼룬Ц࣬ȷʵʡ£Ҫܴùǣѽ
ĽЦʱعأǾعأ˵ҩܣϺ󡣡
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ĽЦǰλǰǶģҪҵģ
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Ľ⣬ΪôһҩҿɲôɵСͷİգ
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İգһطĽ¶΢ЦתͷƣƿΧûˣ֡
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ܿܵջ֮ԣʹλˣǼܲסǵ̰
һԼԪϴǣ⳥

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˸ۣȴյĳϣַǳٶеĻӽеȭţȭ׺ݡ
ĸ̨ϣվĸߣü԰ףɫۣһɷȣȻ𾴡
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Ľ΢΢һЦǰҪսµһϹ˼սһ㣿
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Ľ룬Ц⻰̫˳ۣǲ˵Ϊ
˵޷΢΢һЦƵᡣ

˶Ľ˵ʲô
ĽЦЦǰ¿⻰ЩЦˡ
ŶΪοЦɫֻüͷһ¡
ĽоŭĵϹ˼µһ֣ĴԽ书ͰɣǰΪԼ书ʤԽƣ
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ĽǺЦŶ򣬹ԶҲ˿ȣǵõˣ
ҡͷСʦˣǶԶûǰȣ
ĽЦЦǰΪһţҪûˣʵʧȣִټɽɣ
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ôĿԱһЦߵƾʲô˵˵Ǽٻʲô˵ģ
Ľҡͷ̾Ϣٶ˵
ȻСʦ֪ˣҲˣˣһߴҡҡͷ˵
ĽЦǱһԹԪ䷽϶Ϊעʤ߽Եã
Сʦñʤɣ絭һЦ
ĽЦһԾ֪
Զ֣Сʦ㻹ţЦп
ĽͷðǾŵĸˣ㲻׼
תͷߣĿ⽻Ϣͷãô˵ˣǹԪ䷽
ӻͳһţƤЩںģڵû˻
α֤ģĽЦʡ


310 
絭Сʦ٣ȫƾԼжϣܱܲţǲǣ
ĽգŷӣԼһ¯١
ü
ĽЦЦҲɲл
šҲáͷա
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ĽЦˣҪ䷽ֳɵ鵤ʮŹԪɣ
ŵ䷽ֽţʵ̫ף
Сʦǳˣ̫Ųˡҡͷ΢Ц
ĽЦЦǳˣſøգ
ãСʦʹĴӦˡ

һߴӻͳһѴƿÿƴСݵĽǰ
ÿƿʮţʮŹԪָָ
Ľۣͷãʹ죡Ҳ鿴ˣգǿʼ԰գ
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ڵͣ¶ĲɵĶߣէʣͶţ׷׵ɴ۾
ֽӹͷһۣɫʱһ䣬æչȥ˼ۣĿ˴˽ƺ˵
ĽЦģ
һɽɣĸߣ㲻øУ˵òȻʲôˡ
ļһÿίԼ
˵ԼΪ˹ԪԼҲֻӮ
ʲôԼɲ
ͷ䲻֪ǲĶ˵ȷʵðɣǾôˣ
ĽЦеĵҾǰУ

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ĸߴ࣬ѩ˪üȴһ˿Ҳޣ·һͷˡ
һ˫ȴ͸ɣ·ܹ͸顣
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ͣҲͻݣÿһֶ͸ű˵ƣǻԲǧ
ĽԾ죬֮֮ⷢͬҲˣȴûá
ΪϲͬһţԹȻģԵķʽҲһӦ
Եķʽ˵֮չ¶书ʡ㣬
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ﲻ£ʧ䣬ǴɷоܲĽȰҲûʲôǵǡ
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ãǺǡκ縧Ц
ЦȻֹЦٿһȭҹͻһԾ뷢Ю硣
Ľһӭȭͷ

࣡һ죬Сʯȭͷײ
𣬿ҵľǣΧδ⣬ͷƮ裬ԶС
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ĽЦһƻľ˵þٽһУ
˵ŻŽţһȭ׹
ࣣһ죬κƽӹˡ
ûиղŵƣΧƷ粻
ĽҲκȴһ£˺
һһӡһӡ磬ڶЩվˡ
ĽЦٵŽųȭ
κٳƣֽסˣһһӡǰһ޶ǳת¡
ĽƲˣһȭһȭƫƫÿһζκվˣȻٴ򣬺
˿ĽռϷ磬ѹκ̨˶ȭͷ޲óæ
ɽɵһ֣һС۸ú޻֮
ڣκʦûˣֻ·硣
˼üЦͷѣֱĽɫȴŽֶˣ˼

ĽͣסˣЦκǰȥҲûȤգ
κվţͷҲã
ĽӦһȭĽؿڣ˲ѣѸײڶ
ĽЦһƽӹ࣡һ죬˺ÿһһӡκһ޶
κɫ΢䣬Ȼ
һƻľɽ֮ѧξѧã
һȭͷѾǰ
ĽӲӣ˺һһӡȫж¡
κ粻һȭ
һΣĽ˺һӡ硣
κһȭͷңͻ
Ľƽסһȴһˣվסˣֻ˫΢΢ݡ
κǺ죬ŭ֮гȭ
ĽƽסƮ˫ڿлһԲأһδˣ΢Ц
κ˫տտǺŵĵĽ
ĽЦƻľ֮Ҳͨһ֪ͣ
κ糤³һͷû뵽ᣬ˸Ϊ
ĽЦЦɽҲǲûǰ˰գ
ٽϷһȭκһ˫̧ǰϣɫ࣬˫֮ء
˫ƽһԲϣ˫һһϣදεԲ򣬶ԽԽ졣
Ľüָһö룬ʩչԦͣĶöС
⺮Ǿеĺöϴ޲¹ʱ˳
ö룬ʩչɽסԼɵòң⣬ǿ̼

ֳ䣬ָ䣬ĺڹ˽ԿɼȻ
κɨһۣ룬ȴᣬද֮򣬳۳üƮԡŴ硣
˫տտͣ·̨Ϣӣգۣ´һĻ
Ľһö룬΢ЦۿƺС
κ˫දԽԽԽԽǺţʱƲסҡҡ׹֮С
һͣŭһţ
ըŭȵͬʱ˫͵ĳĽһơ
ζӿ̨˷׷׺ɼ
ܿýֱӷ˳ȥڿͣһ£ƮƮأ˼סȴסֻĺˣ˳̨
΢ףվţϣüƮ½ԣӭſ
Ľ΢΢һЦȻһȽȽɳë˳Ʈߡ
ࣣһ죬з·𵴿һ㲨
һͣڿͣһԼ룬Ƶģë类εš
ٴӿ̨ɼٴκˣѹϣܶ˱Ƶˤ
ĽһУһصϣ뻳ĽȭЦκǰã
˵գ̤ǰһǰЦǰ
üɫá
ĽЦһߣĿ䵽ϣǰĪ뷴ڣ
ǺǡЦҡͷСʦˣ
ڰ֣һǰݸĽƿǰƿԪ
ĽСϣƣ
˼һԾ̨ӹƿ鿴һ£ͷġ
ĽЦűȭ϶ķӮǰǾ͸ˣ
˵ţ˼ߡ
ţæһ̧֡


311 
ĽͣתЦʣôǰҪڣ
СʦˣЦŰ֣˼ĵβܸ
ĽЦͣˡ
һüͷ治ܸ
Ľҡͷ΢Цɫȴᶨ
糤̾ϢһЦЦðɣҲϲǿѣСʦߺðɣ
ĽЦЦһˣͷ˼뿪ˡ

Ŀ뿪κ罣üɫá
ɫѸٳȥĿɭ䣬ҲΧĿ·Ҫˡ
Ծܻĵʦλʦô
綢κ翴Ҳͷ
κ粻˵ֻǶŵϵĽӡһ׷ۣ˼ӡӡ
κ綢⼸ӡƣרע
ʦ֣øɣҪҪ£
κҡҡͷһֱżӡȥ·ޱȵĻʲôÿ
ֱܼţʦٲ֣ˣ
һ߰ȻСĪѽ̫ë꣬ƢҪˣëë꣬ʲôҲɲˣ
ʦܼѽϵشʧȥᣬҲץסˣ
ҡͷʲôǻᣬʲôΣգҪ½ۣϣǻҪģ
ʦܿ˿ĽѾӰӣļ٣ʦɣȥˣ
ɱǣЦЦ
һ漴ҶЩˣ
Щˣκ̧ͷҡͷ̾һΪжˣסң
⡭룬ҡҡͷ
ʦƻľ񹦣Χ£ף֮һԼ÷

ж֮ҸһöȥΧˮȥΧһ㣬ûõġκҡͷ̾
ܵʦô죿
κת磺ţҿ¾͵Ϊֹգ
ǲãüʡ
κ̾Ϣᣬ񣬸Ӿж¯࣬ãпµʦ
ǰ̾ϢһЦҡҡͷҲףɲʲô˶ܵõģ
ЩǲմΪκ̾
ɫãУ̧ͷ죬ٳٲ
æʦѵãɱǣضɽܳưֻ֣Ҫɽ֪
治ſ糤̾Ϣһ
κ¶Цݣһ
ʦһæʦϣɴ£ܲðգֻҪ˶˭Ҳ£
ЦʽܣСʦʦأ
ܰȻߵǲ£ǷûɽʹлɣҲûʲô֤
ɵӣҡͷЦʦǾˣнʲô֤ݣֻҪɣֱɱ˾ˡ
ͣ漴Ȼѧ˶һˣ
˵Ҳѧ˶
ɫ΢䣬Ͷ˶ȴ˵
ܣ¶දӣҪ嶯ǻ裬ƽʱҲǸӣ𷸺Ϳ
ǣʦܴͷ̾˿ǲš
ЦʤǰܣĴ£ԽҪҪðգҪһˣðνϵɣȴҪ֮
ǣʦ̡ܽЩΪȻȴ֪˵棬ʦ뷨Լһ
κ绺С㵨Ӵǧж鷳
ǣʦɫ΢䣬æЦŵͷ
̾ԭ͵͵ждʦʶˣֻܰˡ
ڰ֣ˣǶɢ˰ɣæģʧôԪܲ
ǡܹӦһһת˸̨
Ƕ뿪ˣ˸̨ڣϣĬ˰ΣһĴ
ικ̾ţС۹ⲻУΣһգ¾
̾Ϣһͷ

Ľ˼ɽֱߣ¼У˲þףһ㡣
Ľ°̾Ϊκ磬û뵽ƫƫʤˣԼʽõõ
κǿһУˣֻܣӲӣʹǹӦȥҲѵһ
Լƫƫк룬ԦϣٸԻɽ֮߶һдЧ
Ƽ򵥵һ룬ȴ湦ﵽ֮ս֮
ĿսȫˣΨʩչȼߴ
Ѿʩչ׼Ҳָ˲׺񹦡
ٻָ˲ǰ׷ˣû£񲻿
棬ǰٵˣ˲УĽʩչسɴ磬˼ǡ
˼ŤͷʣУǻ᲻׷ɱǣ
֮У˵ǼٱܣȴϢȳƣ֮ɡ
Ľҡͷ֪
ѵܲ׷ǣ˼
ĽЦЦһЩ׷
ף˼ҡͷɻĵôһɣ
Ľǻ²⣬᲻дܲǡ
Ǻǣʦǣ˼Ц
ĽЦǰɨƽɽɣ°ɣ
ҹ˼ҡͷЦʦǺеɽɣǲдְ
Ľҡҡͷü룬Щɻ
ȷʵΣ֮У̫˵дҲ
ΪΣʵڲ֪һȻɽɾ֮һӣһˡ
˼ҲһͷˮҡҡͷˣǱģǸϽܰɣǷŸ磬˶

˺˳뿪ɽڣȻƳǣҹӪ߽磬صǡ
һ·ϣ˸߲ң˹ԪÿһŶġ
˼ٺЦͣÿʮŰ˿ţʡٹ򰡣
ĽЦǰб;
˼̾ңֻӲ뵽ȥӮ
ĽЦЦҡͷҲңСģһЩģûô׵֡
˼ϲĵ֮ܵ˵أ
ĽЦҡҡͷԵ֮˵ϣ
ڶ峿ʱ֣Ľ˼˺ӥ߽м䣬Խããԭ
һû˯˲ԭ˸С֣ЪЪʱ쵽磬ų
ߵ;Ľɫ΢䣬ͣסˣ˼ͣסæʣôˣ
Ľ˴ˡ


312 
ʲôˣ˼æʡ
ĽЦЦʲôˣ
ӥǵˣ˼
ĽͷţӪߣȥƣ
ϣ˼˷Ӧ
˼ӿ첽ӣⱼת۹˱ڲս
ĽһХХ糱йķ

ʤһڲսǰӥȻ˷ħǿǹʩչ
ʤһһﹲʮˣѲڣһӣӥһֱĽһɱˡ
û뵽ڻˣʤǰ̾ùյǺвڣûסЩһΨһģֻܡ
ǵﶼǺӥѷڶԷҲǴܣһʱ֮Ҳ׷ϡ
ϧ첻Ըϻһֻӥ˰޿ӡ
ʤȵߣǼ¶Ϻ󣡡
ãͷӦһߴһߣȥѶúй
һҲٶ˵֪棬ƽѣʤǳһ·ǴӣȥѶ
֮ʤ£ס˵׷ϣȥһ𣬺Ǽҡ
˷ħ书ָɵĺӥֻа׵ķݶ
ת۹򣬲谱СҲ֪༸ԽսԽ£˰Χ·硣
ΪϣҲ޷ڵһǴϢᣬ򣬱ʮס׶༪١
̵ģڣЩһﲻģʤһ߻賤ǹһƿڴ
ͷڣܽʰˣͷسɣ
ʤ賤ǹЦ·ǾˣǶҪϼ汳
汳ģĺɭɭЦ

˵ŻûЪţǹӶܲ͸磬ӥʮҲèϷһһļǱ
˶࣬ңʹȣҲˣӥǣһˣ֪
ЦУԽ⣬˸Ȼƺһ簤һ͸˻ۡ
Ҫ𣿡ʤæʡ
ҧߵͷСɶģ
ģһҪţƴҲҪŪʤƿڴ
˸źȵԣŪ
ʱǰӰһӰ֡
ͷĽɫࡣ
Уʤɴ۾еûۻգ
ͷûۻǺЦæУüʱһټ
ĽͷЦã
˵գβ˫̧𣬵á͡ХһƬ޾һ㡣
һӥʿεɣڿлԶ顱һأһ
ʮָ붯׺ָָγݺύָ֮ܣ޲
ָÿһָָܸգᣬԻʵϣľ졣
һһ䵽ֱ֪Цֱн
ʮˣǷӦʱѾ˲׺ֱָӱĽ׺ǿ
˼ͷԭ֣úһһͨɻûԼ֣Ѿû˿Դˡ
ʤЦУֶ㣡
Ľͷôˣ
ʲôӣʤҡͷЦΪûˣԴϴʹɱһһʵһӣû뵽ֳˣ
ĽüŵŪӥ

ŪӥʤһæУӥ
ĽţԸļһֻӥӥ
ʤͷѣǸ⣬ӥ𣿡
ĽҡͷᣬҸʾǣǲ֪Ūӥ
ʤǿûӣƳӥ͵͵ȥ򡣡
ĽЦãˣҹȥƳǡ
һ˵ŻһϵСԣ鿴һƣûʲô󰭣׻ţûʲôˡ
ĽƹѪһֳʮƥʮ˵ףǶȥ
Ľ˼ȻȥȻӪȻָ˾˵һ󻰣صӪ


313 ɽ
˼ǰһȥĽʱ˶䳡ϣЦеĿ߹
ĽӭЦӯӯĿ⣬ЦŹһ񣺡ϣϣҿɲҵ
СУѽͷݺ򣬹Цǵ
ԱһЦݣ͵ĿĽͷĪСȷʵö࣡
ͷС۾һɣߵ˵
߹ЦҿţһǼǲǣ
˸ŴЦֲ֧
ĽǿЦ⣬˵٣ͷƿɲᣡ

˵˵ҲҵĵӣͷǺŭߵ
ղŵ߹Цͽݰˣ˼ʲô书
ͷҲǴҪȻô׵֣ݵʦͽ֮飡
˸ŴЦҡͷѡ
Ľ֣صͷȷʵӸΰ
߹ЦƾСеǣû˶иõķӣ֮ͷǲԶͻֱײԴ⣬ǵ۵øһ
ƨͷһǰۣмĺ˺ߣתͷĽЦЩϼһ
ĽЦϣ⵶ҵ˰ɣ
ǵȻͷͷ򣺡Сһɵúã
һֱȻ΢ЦʱڣգúܺãƯôﶼ⣡
ĽЦЦϹˡ
Цıɫˣİվ΢ţգһεĹԪСöĹ㡣
ĽһæҡͷЦʹãϣգһƿСһƿʣµһƿš
ЦǶϹͷҲûʲôá
Ľҡͷǿ壬ܱûõĺãǲǣ
⵹ҲǡϵͷЦٷޣǿ塣
ǾˣĽЦλǰǿʲôã
ͷڰ֣϶Ѿˣô̫Ȥ˵

գĽǿҪ£һƿ˼βҪôֻ࣬ʮš
գĽʮŹԪ
Ľ٣ǵĸլЪ죬׼ʮļ١
ĽȥӪȡ˳Ӱǡ
ʤһ䳡ϣ˸߲ҵַһʲƣĽ£֮ĸǡ
ЩԾƷգԶԶֵơ
ĽǣǴĽϧûĽٿѵúܣ׼
ĽЦŸˣصǵ
ɫ磬ʱ֣ﵽģոѣȻȴ
ĽصʱںԺˮϥɴ졣
̤ˮϻȣһˮڣ¸ǰ
ۣƳһۣˣ
һϮѩһȾһ۲ģĽæѹг嶯Цʦ㣬ɺã
ţáµһĽе
ĽЦŽ龭˵ˣüΪβ˵һ
Ľʦİգţµġ
ĸţܿġ
ĽЦЦͷǸԼԣһֱԣڴԭһսû
ĽԲŸʩչ׺ָ򣬶ϲй¶ָ䣬һ֪Ǿѧֹ
Ԫ³Ƭ̣ͷʦ˵
Ľˣô󣬶Ծѧ档
˶ԣԪЧȴһ㣬ԼԾ书ԣȴǲɶá
еǲͣģֱ͸⣬壬һֱתļ΢

룬ǰʼĥ
齣һ󣺡գ
ĽЦ֣°ĥתۼãݸ
̿һؼ㣬Ľ˼Ƭ̣ȻһӶͣ±ʣ˴ؼ㡣
½ӹˣɨһۣҩ
ĽЦǹԪ䷽ʦѷģܲɡ
šͷ
Ľ˫ӻͳһƿЦʮŹԪڴˣʦ㣬ʮš
Ҫⶫҡͷ
ĽЦȥʦооߣⶫкô
š½ӹˣһƿװʮš
˴ƿʱܵϽ
ĽҡͷЦνӪƵѵһӣɽʱڲɡ
˼һȻʦ㣬ȥһˡ
̫֪΢̣ЦЦ
ĽԽԽ˷ܣϷŹ⣬˳ĵ͵͵ȥ̫֪ˣҲܻˡ
ţðɡµͷ
Ľһ£ʱļæСŷԸһȻͷһ
һλѹӣɴΣԼˣԽݡ
˳ǣ϶ȥ׺ɽ
ԴӿȪѨһĽṦԽԽǿվЧѡ
ʩչسɴ磬һ֮䣬аףٶ֮죬š
µṦҲȽȽƣƻٶȴ졣
Ľسɴ磬øӰ²ͬУҹһֱͣЪ˸ϻ˲׺ɽ
Ľнղ񹦻壬ûƣͣȴҲˣɢŵ㡣
ҹƣ̬ǵģһȾһͤͤĽ̾

峿ʱ֡
ղ׺ɽɽַǳŵæŵˮǴ죬ȴ
Ľµ̨ףµڵǣĽ̾Ϣһ˵֮С
ܣԼˮΣлһ֮У·Ѿܾã֮ܶˡ
п飬°һЦߴٵ߰ɡ
˾ʱ²ͣ񣬹Ļһʦ㡱ʦ֡
ĽѾԭģһ°ɮۣŹա
Ľʱͷǻٶൢ飬¼ӿ죬תΡ׳޼
޼ڣ޴Զׯվվʦ̫ЦȻ̤Ľ
ʦĽĻϲǰݼ
ʦ̫ɣһϮɮۣζȣɣȥʮˣݹˡ
Сһôһˣʦ̫ǰ´Цʦ֣
ĽЦʵ̫ʦƴܷҲ
ʦ̫Цϲʤ
˵Ľϡ
Ľ֮󣬽ӹһСϵĲ裬˵˱ΣҪʦ̫ʱ̾


314 ˼
տȻȵȣңȥѵմǶϣټСԲʦ̫Ȼڰ֡
Ľ˵ÿڸ˲յһڣæʦ
ʦ̫ЦôǲйϢ
˶ӣ˵©ˡĽЦͷ
ʦνһƬģ򣬶ͨã磬ʵѲʦһ㡣
İգָû𣡡ʦ̫һۡ
Ľҡͷ̾Ѳѽô죬ҿЦһҡ
Ѱգʦ̫һۣȴң
ŮƮţ
ʦ̫ôˣƣСԲ
ŮͷƮ뿪ˡ

ĽĿŮ뿪ʦ̫ЦС
Ľͷ棬Уѵõĺòϡ
ѽ´ģҲǸˡʦ̫
ĽæЦʦĿ⣬Ȼˣ
ʦ̫ߣƳһۣ⣬Ľæĵ΢Цһǰۡ
ʦ㣬Ľиӣɫõÿ죬Աһ̬һֱֳȻ
ʦ̫üĿ飬ȤָˣЦ
ĽЩڨڨٺЦ˼
ȴɫԶ״
ܿ죬÷ƣСԲϣһ°ɮۣĽ
÷ʦ㣬ƣСԲĽЦźʮһ
ѽտȻʲôʱģСԲԲϲĽеǰקסӡ
ȣ÷һһƳ
СԲһ죬žòףæʦ̫¼
ʦ̫ЦСԲ飬αţ
÷΢΢һЦס

һԲҧӣĽƷŹâ
ĽºЦƣˣ
ֱӸĿڣٻʦ㣬оĻϲ˼
Ϊ㣡СԲһۣӣһˣһͷæС졣
ưշźƣΣˡ
ɬĿȴԽĽƿ
ĽЦʦƣСԲ÷ʦȥɣǸյģʵûȤ
ʦ̫ЦѽֻҪǴӦˡ
ĽæǴӦʦһ˭Υ
÷׿ڴӦʵ̫Ϊ˼ңŮҵɬ֣˵෴Ļǿ⡣
µʦǹȥɡ
Ŷʦ̫ΪĿ¡
ƳһĽ÷ʦû¹׺ɽҲ֪ǲ׺ɽˡ
ʦ̫ͷɻ
ֵڸסһλòŮӣھַھֵĴСйϸ𡣡
տЦµ˼
ЦͣסĽһۣߵСӣŮҵıµС
ĽæʦԩˣҴС㣬ǲʶʮǱģ׼
ҴС㣬ʮò绨ɣʦ̫б
ĽٺЦͷ
ʦ̫ɾһ֣׼ˣƣСԲһȥ
ǣСԲɾӦ޺޵Ľ
÷빬ףĽ
Ľͷһۣʦ㣬ԼԱģϲˡ
ʦ̫ûĵСӣĥʲôϽɽľ˵˵
ĽҡͷЦĥ䣬ͷ˵

Ľڲżѣɫ˶ʱգͶһʱգһ
ɫãͶ룬Ŀ롣
ʱĽס죬յһڲЦʮ٣ҸϽ͵ܻʵ̫׺ɽˣ
÷룬ޱߣûʲô仯ǣ촽СԲȴС죬֡
ѿڶտȻҪһȥ
˵գܵĿ⣬ʱһºˣղһδԣѿڶĽ׽˵ϰ˳
ʦ̫ЦСԲ飬ǹ죬տȻһɽȥǰգ
ǡŮӦ
ĽǻϲΣ÷ԼߣȻϲѣĿĲΪ˿סԼЦ
²յʦȥݼ̫档
ȥȥɡʦ̫ڰ֣Цȥ׼ҪѵӲģ
ĽЦЦŮͷƮȥ
ʦ̫Ӱҡҡͷѽʲôã˴Ҳã̫Ůϲˣ
Ůɫ΢죬ĬȻ
ʹƤ÷ҲûϣһֱʱûʲôҲûԼʲô
뿪׺ɽһ¿յģû
ÿ˾Ϣʲôģ᲻ͷ
СԲЩӿʻãûûΣ˴֣Լͳɡ
ȴУ˼ĸоÿ춼ҪľĽԺӣһСԺۣмֿ·ֹʡ
һֱ漣٣ĽͻȻЦĸԼк
ϻʶŮ˶ǣʦ̫ЦƳһ۽绨ŮЦտȻɣòˣѰŮӼˣϲദˣȴǲǣ
һʦԹʵˣһôãᱡУֹƣһ֮
ѽʦ̫Цζ

Ľɽչ̣֮Х绢̡
ֵһƬյϣС֮ͤУͻƮƮֶ
Ľǰʮһ񣺡̫档
תģ˫տȻϽˣ
ûСĽҡͷ
ǻ
ĽͷЦ̫ˣ͵ܻ
ߣŮ鳤ǳɴµϣ
ĽЦЦ̫ɺã
ӹĻţʲôã
ĽЦ̫治żѧȷʵҽղֽһ㣬մȥܿн
׺أʡ
ĽҡͷȻûʱ䡣
˽žѧ裡͵
ĽЦСΣϰջ񼫴ܹתϴ辭ˡ
Ŷһüתϴ辭ȻǾѧ
ӦǴӾѧתûж˹ѵ裬ţСνϣԭһ£λѾתϴ辭ȥĽͷ


315 ɻ
üʣԼ˶
ĽЦŵͷǣ䲻˵̫ƣŻɣûʲô׶ˣѾɵһ㡣
͵ͷתϴ辭һ㣬ֲá
һĽüףǲ׺񹦣
ĽЦһָ׺񹦣ٶȺܿ졣
š͵ͷ񲢷ǷϹʧȥ׺񹦣߰ˣָȻ졣
Ľ֮¾ˡ

ʣ˭תϴ辭
ĽҡҡͷȷԼתϴ辭гͻұϾǰ书·ġ
ţҲѡ͵ͷ¶һ˿΢Цÿ˹ǲ׺ɽʵ档
ÿ˵һ˫ô򵥡
ĽЦŵͷԲ׺ɽ鼫ĴɣĶǣһƬгʵϧ֮
֮ӣ֪֮Խѵá
תϴ辭оŲ㣬ֻ˵һˣڶķһȫͬ
Ѿãһֱûǵ㹻һͻƵڶ㣬ڵڶķٴˡ
տȻܺã͸ףĵͷѵؽ󣡡
ĽЦ׺ɽҵĸò׺ɽ׳󣬵ܱ䣿
ѵ㿴οĵͷ̾Уѿ͸һģΨһ˰ˣ
ĽЦ̫棬ﶼģ˵ˣ
ҡҡͷΪȻڵˣֻԼֻȡף
ĽЦ̫˳˳ˮû͸ˣʹ֮ͻˣ̫治ļ
ţ˵Ҳǡ͵ͷ΢ЦôʱҲʲôҲܣֻԼʹ죬
Ľ̬΢仯ǰһӸ£ǱĽ˾Уипǧ

ͺȻˣǰһӣϺ˾еˡ
ǵҵıĽʡ
͵ͷ
ĽЦ̫氲׵ܡ
͵Ȼػܣò֮ˣ
һüͷô
ĽɶξУЩȻȻɡ
һһε٣Զξ֮ͣȻǶİΪԼһЩ͹ûʹͣٱࡣ
ͲΪȻһ˸š
ĽЦҰͨ͵ɽϣͷ׺ɽҲûʲô˻ɡ
ǵҲǡ͸׵ͷΪο
ᣬܣȷʵͬСɡ
ȥΪ˲׺񹦣û뵽ղҲܾɡͳ˵Ϸһֱã֮УѧӸߵ·еİԣᡣ
Ľͷ
Եҵľ֣˳Ųɣ飬ǵҵڵۡ
ڷէ·ѧһȣ֪䲻ߵѭ⡣
ѧ򴿴ö࣬񣬲Ҳߵöࡣ
ȥɣͷӣͰڰ֡
Ľӻͳһƿ̫棬ҴԵɽĹԪ
Եɽɣһ룬ɽԵĴ֮һȥ
ĽͷǰջԪԪ֮壬̫һЩա
ϲĳͰڰ֡
ĽЦ̫ǲ׺ɽĶ룬Ϊ˲׺ɽҲҪౣزǣ
ðɡ¶һ˿Ц⣬ӹƿ

ͨˮԴӽ׺ɽҪͷʼ˭ҲϵãԵĲ׺ɽŵ졣
ÿ峿ҪˮҪϰ죬۵ô죬ƣŰݡ
ȴ֣ܿܿΧŵӻ죬˵˵ЦЦŴûйĿ
ڶͬһ˵ŵÿﶼ̸ԭԼһڼǳȥ뼸˻죬ӿ
û칦δ͹֣ȴ㣬ò
ÿˮ֮࣬ʦķħ
ħԽԽƣߵʱһݽˮ֮󣬻泩ˬƣһȥǿ֡
һִ˲ƣÿˮҪħ˿Цͣٴǳмһˡ
ŵӣȴҲʶŵ书ʽʹĽҲ׷ħöࡣ
ͨȴ׹֮Ѿ׺ɽûλ˵УһλųƲ׺ɽǧһšտȻ
ֻλտȻʦײβʱڱչһŵӼĲࡣ
ӱŵ֪λտȻʦòˣ˺ܺ㣬ܺദġ
˽ǳ˶Լλʦ㣬ǶλտȻʦࡣ
ͨʧ֮࣬ȻһͷԼʦĪλǧһšտȻ
ַϣòôɣ¼ôɵ£ңʦգΪڱ˷ţ
һ˿־ò̫ܣͣ޲ûȥʦǲտȻ
ΣʦķħȷʵǾѧĽԱ˿죬гȻȺ֮ơ

磬һˮߵɽ죬ȻͷڽУˣʦܣţ
̧ͨͷһƣЦʦ֣˭кң
һλʦ㣡ʦθݣҲģмСӣߣȴ͡
ͨһһҵŮӯӯ̨ף˫ָ֣ӸµĴǸͨϣ
ǣСԲʦ㡣ͨæͷϳλСԲʦ㡣
λСԲʦʦ֮Уߣò绨ԸɰŵеŮ
գСԲ´ͷ
ͨϱЩëæСԲʦ㣬ˮ
ʦܣȥˣСԲԱߵʦЦЦ
ʦæĵͷϣ
СԲһ֣ģ
˵գתߣ˱ˡ
ͨ϶ʦǸȻЦЦæСԲ󣬲ҿ̫ԼζѬ
һߣһ֣ԼϵСԲʦ㣬СԲʦȴԼͬͬһɽϣȴʮǧ֮ƶ˵ӣңɼ
СԲʦΪκȻԼʲô£
СԲȻͣסתС֣ͨɻ󣬲ǰСԲʦ㡭
СԲСһɽϼˣ
һ¡ͨæ
СԲףһ£ǹһ𣿡
ûСͨҡͷ
СԲҡͷʦ


316 
ͨϾһæСԲʦϵʦ
ϵʦСԲߵ㻹֪ɣտȻʦ
ģͨϴϲ
СԲһۣʲôļٵģƭ
ֻͨ궼ˣһۣޣǣֿסæͷٿȴˡ
СԲЦСһƤʦһ񣡡
ͨϺʦ𣿡
ţѾˣաСԲͷ

СԲߣһֱϣȻһգһСԺСԲŻŽȥ
ͨϸŽȥʦһ°ɮۣȻСͤԱżŮ
ͨϣĽЦ֡
ֻͨǰʦǰȻ෴ǰǸ;ΣȴȻʲͬ绻һˡ
СԲ쿩ЦտȻͽеѽ
ͨڵĺˣ޴룬ò绨Ůӣ۾ûţ֪Ǻá
ĽЦСԲ˰գ
СԲЦտȻͽƤôôѽǲɣɵģ
ĽЦ书ˣȻ㣬ҲˣңǸ޹ˣɲͨ졣
СԲԼƯ̲סЦ
Ľ֣ͨϣ¡
ͨϲҿŮСͤ档
ĽЦͨϣΣţнû͵ܿ̿ࡣ
ͨϵʦտȻô
ĽЦǣԭտȻȥЧ͸˷ţգŽûʲôС֡
ͨ˷ܣû뵽Ĵ棬Լʦ
ĽЦͨϣЩ㶼ϵðգ

̧ͨͷʦߵǴʦ㣬ϵãһ÷ʦ㣬ϵã÷ʦԱǹʦ㣬ҲϵãСԲʦ㣬ȻҲϵá
ĽЦŽܣǴʦ÷ʦʦ壬СԲʦ塣
ͨϿЦԼһ½һæһһ񣺡ʦ÷ʦʦ壬СԲʦ塣
СԲЦտȻҶʦѽ´ۣ
ĽʧЦ仰ãСԲѧȥֻùŹֺЦûвɣС
ͨʵʵڶ棬Ľӵ˶°ĽԳ羴Ȼʦ׺ɽľɫߡ
ʦ㣬֮ͨϾͰˡĽתͷЦ
µû۸
ʻɣʦհɡĽ
šµͷ
Ľתͷͨϣĸ׿ɺã
ǣĸһаáͨϵͷ
ⲢǿԴ׺ɽ߷˿࣬ƽУûʲôͰæЩŮ죬ǴŮ廨գڴŮ죬ܵô𾴡
ĽҹҪ뿪֮Ŵʦգȹŵأ
ǣʦͨæͷ
ʦĴ棬׺ɽ˲֪һչأνǰ޹ˣҲߣΪӣʦͷ
ҵݣ˵ˡĽֵ
ͨӦˣʦǲΣյ£
ĽЦûʲôΣգֻΪˣܲξ֪ݣһ鷳
ǡͨϻȻס
÷ͷտȻһλõӡ
ĽЦɰɣ÷ʦ㣬ɳɶѽ
÷ЦЦѩ⺩ڻܳԿģͷİա
ͨͷԺȴľλ÷ʦ
ĽЦŵͷţԸ˰գ󣬵Ը׾ͺá
÷ЦʦľʹͱԹͽܸŴ

Ľ˵˼䣬ڰ֣뿪ˡ
СԺֻʣŮ
Ľʦ㣬һ׾תϴ辭봫Ͼֻͷʦˡ
üתϴ辭
ĽЦھ£Ѿתϴ辭ԭЧɣǲ׺ɽ
ʦ׼ˣʡ
ĽѾ׼ˣҴ㣬ʦٴˡ
ʦзԸȻСµͷ
Ľתϴ辭ȵɢȥ
üĵĽǽѧķ˵һͨ˵תϴ辭Ǿѧ
³һ£ͷѧĽɢ
÷Ů˵һ뿪ˣȻȥһЩ׼Ҫ뿪׺ɽĽǡ
СԺֻʣĽˡ
ϥĽڵϣϢȺͣϸӨףʯ޼ڵơ
ɢȥԽԽȻ޼
Ľף£׺񹦱һ׺ָָӦ߷
ɢȥĽͨ¶ܸܵĺǰһƬհף̽⡣
Ľ棬ȻӣȻЦʣʦ㣬ǲϲѽ
治ɫƳһۣ˵ʲô
ĺ޲ûʲôʱʧԼûܴ򶯴ʦķš
ĽæɫЦʦ㣬˵Цأھÿɺãܲתϴ辭
ţʼա»齣ѥӣʲô
СԺڻм䳡ϣʼתϴ辭

Ľʦ㣬ѧ׺ɽѧãض
籦ʯȻĶȴȻ
ĽЦһʽһʽƾʦʣѧ᲻ѡ
˵գʼڳһ¸Űڳ
Ľæֹ֮䣬ĥ
רעȻ޶ԣ񶼼ڶϣûĽǼŵ㣬ڻʵԵջ
һţһ߼о񣬽ܹѧᣬмûռˡ
һķ򵥣˵ȴҲףһνӴѧЩӦÿһŤǳþ
ĽжԷУڶ˳˳ЭЭȴǲܹ˼
ĽҪϣÿһϸ΢ĶԵȫ꣬Ҫϻ£Ҳȫա
ĽûΣǿᣬȴЩܲסɢȥ˹ָ˵Ůӡ
ĽӻȡƿͳһöԪ£ȻЪһһˡ
ԼҪãҪˣǲ
һֱȻԣʹ۵ýЪϢһҧż޵ֱҧ
Ľ֪ͨ˼ԿЦ


317 
ȷʵʼѧʱӦûŤÿһѷǳ
ѧ֮ܿ׼˾ѧص㣬ȫĨȥ˲׺ѧӡȫͶѧС
ӦĽⲻʦǴʦ㣬֮ţԼ֮ʦš
Ľ̵̾þģѧþģĬ˰ʱ֣Ѿȫա
Ľ̾ˣûôס

ĽСͤ£СԲϲյ˵
ʦ㣬תϴ辭һӣӵ侭깦Ȼɢȥָ׺񹦡Ľ
Ŷյһڲü治׺ݣ
ĽͷǧĶ˿ƣʦţһԣô󡣡
³Ƭ̣һڲͷţðɣתϴ辭һתǵһתգ
Ľͷֻԭ˵һתת̫ѣ񲻳ˡ
Ҫ͸ĵס
ĽЦʹеڶתתҲãѧԳϵ׺񹦳ͻһתѾǽҡ
ţðɡϸ΢̣ЦЦͷ
ĽЦʦϻ۹ʲô˸ˣŮӣʵڲȤ¡
̬Ȼ֮ͨԴʦĴϻ۲Ϊ裬Ȥ
³Ƭ̣ȣʱ
ĽƵһ¡
ţࡣµͷھСģ׺ɽܲؾͱ˻ɡ
Ľ֮ͨһ˵ҡͷȻ˶Ŀ飬סġ
ĽͷЦţҲǣʦ˴ǿҰգҲܻȥ
°һۣߵû򣡡

ĽٺЦЦСӣȻ÷ʦǵǣǾӪһӡ
ͷ¶棿ü
ĽЦһֱҲģҵ¶
µʹǰɣһֱڲ׺ɽеס
ţҲáĽͷ
˵һл뿪ˡ
ĽõλԽɽ£ûܼţɽϴ죬ָ¾תϴ辭ָͨϷħ
ͨѾͨŵһأûͨڶأʦĽ̵ˡ
Ľο䣬ؼֻҪţдʦڲ׺ɽѧгɾ͡
ϣ˶ЪˣĽ÷ƣСԲǱʦ̫£뿪˲׺ɽǡ
ղĿ࿴СԲŲӯٶ죬ʤĽ̾˼䡣
в׺񹦻壬Ƭմϵ糿糿ϣһֱͣʩչṦ;ֻͣһЩȺˮ
в׺񹦣Ṧһͣļۣ״ΣЩԲ
Ľװֻǰ÷УСԲ죬Ĳ⣬ʱбԹĺݡ
Ľ׺񹦣õСεķʽٶ죬˿ѷسɴ֮
֮ԴԴϵĴӿȪѨģͣ˼⣬ٹһ£Ӧתϴ辭ĵڶˡ
ɵڶ㣬书ٷǱԱ֮
׺񹦵Ĳûʹٷǵ㣬ͻƲ˵߲һء
ûԵûʲôô׺񹦹Ź֣ƽ书ͬǿãԵһƾͷʱ䣬ߴ·Լ׺Ѿƫƫͻ֮
ĽƲ⣬Ҫһһ̳֣һӲֻ֣ܳͣڵ㡣
㣬ѾǶ⣬ѾˮҲǿ֮־µһ֣ǰĹʲô˵µһ

СԲһֱſ࣬죬ȴû͵ڶϣڸϻǣ͵͵ǱУ
ĽȰǰŮ԰ɳϵˮ鿣ǻϲÿռһ䣬˷Ī
գ÷ˮУСԲߣƵڶߣĽϳȥǰԺ
ĽȰǽеһǽ÷ǣӴ֮ǾŮˡ
СǾĿ˿Ů֣вǲȢôŮˣ
Ľڰ֣ɢǣ÷ˮ˵
ʱˮ鿳ŴϢתɫʣˮ»ƽĺɻϣ֮ضʱһ
ɳһССĻƻģƢ밬Щƣܹá
СԲŲյȻһЦտȻղ˵Ůˣһ۾ɵϴ󣡡
ĽЦнڣѹǾ
СԲЦʲôѽô
һӣһۣСԲЦǺأ
÷ü˸ΣҪýܣ
Ľҡҡͷҵ˵ˣԼǹ¶ٷڣǾ͵һҵķ˰ա
ǽ÷ǿ⣬ƽĵ
ĽЦǰ䣬Ǿ˵׵磬ڽ֮ǰˡ
ãˣˣСѾСԲЦһһָ÷ƣԼ
ĽǺЦģǿúܣ
ܽ÷ƣСԲһȢţǿ¶ܼ£ٺò
ϧֻһ룬÷ʦԼкøУȴǼ޲ɵĵزȴ޸ԼСԲأûʲôɣɡ
÷ֲס죬绨һۣûĵտȻ˶Ŀˣ
ĽЦ÷ʦ㣬ðһЩ¶ţһ˻ɣǿҪ
˵Ůɫȴ֪Ҫһ˻ɣݣһ׷ɱ
һ֮׷ɱǻϹ˼Ҳ

˵˵ЦЦУʱ䲻֪ţ¶Ľǿ˯ֶǳȥʱҪɴþˡ
ĽԼϣһӣһΣû뵽÷ǾԼˣò˼顣
ϸϸһ룬Ҳò˼ɣµڷӦ
ȻһˣڣĿȥͷʮ㡣
棬֪̫æնȥվָһҹûϢеۡ
ļ죬һֱһСΣһߴŮתϴ辭Ҳܿѧᡣ
Ľ룬ûǹԪӰӶӰתϴ辭ЧһһΪã
ڸ죬ڹˣӪֱӸ˵Լ׼ȥԣһֻӥܲԸӥĺӥ


318 
û뵽ȴҡҡͷҲҡͷΪȻ
ĽȻΪһᣬǻӦ
ӥȻһģ´ֻ࣬ӥǴӥʧ
˺ӥӥܽ磬֮ĴԭΪ԰ߡ
ûֻӥʹսˣһӪӪˣҪȫˣҲ̫ܡ
ϵȻʱʱӪӪȴսľһǣҽкӥ
̬֮£սķ֮ȻԿ

䳡ϣĽͷдһ˲ٵУ۵˼ܿƽϢͣ˵
ҡͷ̾գ˼ˣҲкܶ˳ԣҪʰͷӥ
𣿡Ľʡ
ҡͷЦǾȱѱӥ֣ѱͷӥɵϣһϺӥֱӳĸ࣬ΪС
Ľüë
ͷߵߣӥ¹ʲôӥˣֻйԹķݶָԸ
̾ӥɫޣܳͷӥգҲذ׷ѹˣ
ǣѺӥļһﶼʰˣӥΣͷ
ĽƬ̣ϣһԡ
ССͷɴСۣһֹ֣סĻĽգ⡣
ĽԣιԪ
ùԪӥһͷС۾ֵɴ󣬺ȵСӣ㵹ã
æϣⷨ˵У
һͷ⵹Ҳһӣ֪ܼܲЧðɣգ԰ɣ
Ľϲлϣ
˼ĲǹԪ
ӳӰϣ֮ǿᣬӰ񿥷ǳٶʤǰһڹ֮Ч
ԼŪһֻӥ̻ܽսڡ

˼ҲţĽܾˣ𵢸һȥ̽̽·ܲܳɡ
˼Ҳǿ֪Լ书Զһʲôͻﲻæۡ
ϣĽֱӴǽȥ˴ԭ¹֮¼ӣһỊ̃Ƴǡ
ҹƳǳǽӥפء
էһ̤ӥӪڣëڵһɫʱӲˡ
ۣ֮۸Ӫڵξ۵ףһƬסƳϣӪһԲΡ
ԲλãһլӣĸڸԷϥĽ֮һգͬʱۣĿ߿ա
ĽһæջĸһƳĿ֮УǺܸоԼעӣ
ǰδ֮ĸ߾֮ǿǺˡ
Ľë˿˿ںתԼ뻢ȺΣأʱ֮Σ
Լ񣬹ڣ˻Ϊһʯ·Ҳֹͣˣ˿춯
ţһԼ춯˵ĲɱԼʤ㡣
̾Ϣ֪ˣôѾתϴ辭ڶ㣬ٹһʧ
Լɾ裬˾Ӫ󣬻ðֻڶĺӥΧȫޱȣΡ
ǰʱʱ֪ʱеð͵Ϯ㣬˼άһֱ鶯תҰġ
˾ӪÿˣֻսϣתԽɣһݣΣյĸоɥʧ
˴ǰӦ뵽ɽɴ֣ӥ֪ܲܲǿ
ԹԼһܿѹ£˼Բߡ

һ죬Ӫӳ˯оѣΪһ֧֧СӣʼھӪﵽѲߡ
Ľ̾زסˣֻӲ
ȻΪһ̣Сεķʽӯת˵Ƥ֮ߡ
ṦϢֿ죬ӥʿ䶼Ǹ֣ȴԶ
ߣƳǣ⣬ڸȫңҲûĿġ
ƮʿƬ£շתŲѳ˰Χ˾Ӫʱһ
ǡʱһߡ
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û뵽Ǿе·ߣԺЩ˼顣
ָָ¥ָָˣʩչͨԼ˼ӡӥԺӥ౼ͷ
ĽЦǣƮݶӥ˸¥û˶
Ǿϲû뵽շӥס
ӥƬ̣վ¥ϣķһĽ֪ӥʼˡ
ͷЦ棬㡣

գӥŲ÷ŮһϮ÷Цʡ
һϮѩ粻ʳ˼̻ӣȻСԲۺ绨ЦĽ
ĽЦշģǸϳԱˡ
÷ȻѱӥɲףðϺһӣʱйѱģ
Ľ֮˵һСԲ̾Ľ
ĽЦһֱڸǲͦģ
÷ҡͷЦɽֵö࣬Աסŵλʮ˲õ
ĽͷЦţز¶ͼ󣬻մΪ
СԲƲƲ죬ôò㻹ܲմǣ
ĽЦСԲݵú˵λʮϵû۵ġ
ãͦġСԲΪȻ
˵Сͤ£СŹ裬Ȼ¡
ĽЦƣСԲҽ쿪ʼǾתϴ辭
ΪڲݣĿڣٳʦ㣬ΪˣȻʹʱҲƺǰ¶š
СԲʱȸԾѣѧתϴ辭ֻĽһֱæϾ
÷ʣգʱ䣿
ĽͷЦһӼ١
÷Цĵãô١
ĽЦЦԵɺϰˣѧתϴ辭ɢȥ׺񹦣ﲻ̫ܳΣա
˵׼̴ڣǻȥһѣʼɢȥĽѧתϴ辭
ļ죬ĽһֱڸУǾתϴ辭ԼҲûţһֱѨ
ѨʹѨ϶ΪһⲢһͣ·ңţҲࡣ
֮͹Ѩ϶Ϊһ

͹Ѩһָ⣬Ҳʼ͹Ѩɵ֮ŵأưʯͷϡ
ڼɽϣʯԣ˫ư
ɽʯЧѣɽ֮ԴԴϣӿȪ˫ͬˣٶȿһ
ĽϲţѨٶȸ죬Ĥָտɴ
˼֮£һʮʱ䣬Ϊ񣬻Ѩ֮Զ
ںϥϣʱϢ֮׳ӿȪѨһ𣬲ʮһ
һٶȴϧܿͣסˡ
ΪлӰģ깦һ죬㣬Կ֮ա
ʹӣǣҲԶǿҡ
һ峿һϹƵĤЩ㣬ʹûбѨĤҲ̫á
˹ѹ˴𣬻ָݣ÷һװԺ
ȣǰ͹̣ǻ֮
䡭ĽֻԺһ𣬶ʱ˫ֱˣֱԺ
ǿҵĳ嶯ȼ棬ʹȥ§סڽԼ
ʱǿĶãһ˿תͷҿ
̼֮òԼĲšˣ첱Ӵ֣Ǳ
÷תϴ辭תͷģŹ֣ӯӯ߹չĽ
Ľ۾æһƿ֣æԺӣһͷ˺ԺĺɳС
÷ģòףæȥ


323 
һˮʱϮѹ
ˮ⳹ǣ
ͣˮУۿˮΣϸɳأˮѩ׽ྻƮ˿˿ƣˮζƮ
ˮζ٣һӶȻĴ֮䣬Ϸˣ
¶΢ЦҲǼġ
һԼգû뵽Ѩżǿ֮ʢȼ־һУԼ飬һ

÷Ľһû˶ü룬ȻһԾˮ
÷һˮԡ
һԾΧһۿĽ˼£ٿĻĽߣȥ
Ľתͷȥ÷ܽذ͸ŹУв˫۲£ƵǰһΣܿ÷
÷֣̽ͷһȻȥ׷Ľ
ĽӣˮԲѣƳػԲˮȲˮЭ֣ٶ
ں׷ת۹򣬴ͷ׷ͷĽڱ׷ϣ÷첲Ҫʸ
һӴĽԽп࣬ҸȼڵһֱԺˮУ÷Խ߹ޡ
ܣ޲ð§ڻһ壬Ժһ˿ڣƣȥ÷
÷״ץס˫ƣô¡
Ľƾܣһ裬ʱֱܶԺһ˿Ҳû
Ϊһ֣÷ۺӣҲ̲סֱӡȥ
ӡ÷ʧɫӣѾϡ
ʱԺһƬհףʹǿĽŮʱҲһŮӣӽӲɴĽڻﾡᱡ
Ƭ̺ȻӦƾܣ࣬գ⼸תϴ辭ɢȥ˲׺񹦣Ľнղ񹦻壬ǿ֮Ϻ޼¡

ĽʧӣУͷ̰ȡ࣬˫÷ۻ
ãֻᱡ֪ݣͷǿ룬Ӧʱȥֻͽ͵ܣ಻ͷഥ
Ľͷ鶯ͣ׷࣬յóѣסࡣ
䡭ĽֻԺը죬紺׺Ƭʧ类һˮ
ֻ⴫һɹϢֱڣϢŨ͡
پԺһƬۿɼٶȽ
ӡһɾ޴÷ѳȥ㻬ߣתʧ
ĽţȻʧζڣȴˡ
÷գղ龰ǰ֣ͣգɬ޲ˮﲻȥ
ס뷴ȴģҲޣؼʱ̣Ȼһʱָ˲ת͵һ
֪ᷢʲô¡
뵽ˣ̵СУ߯ɶˣ
͸ŹŹ֣˲ӡ
գȴʧǰΣ֪ʧرԵߡ
ϧԼ飬Ҳǹңû뵽Щƫƫţǰֱգֿԣ
Ľϥˮףϸɴëſղһ׺ӿ˾
ü˼ˮУͷԼѣ˼ٺò
ǰʧأᱡ˴С㣬ûʲôˣС⣬ɬټΡ
ŪףΪȻһϢӿ룬֮Уһֽɫ
ԭһˮżһĨ⣬ϸ޷֣ޡ
һע룬ǣԶʤǰʮѾɫ֣ģ

Ľ֣ѵǴСĲ׺񹦣
һܣŮӵĴ֮ǹڷɣϵתΪ
ѩɽķţԭ죬˫Ѳɣڷ̵Ĺ˫ޣ
ȥܿ϶պһ±ɡ
ҲѣղŵĻѵãһ׷󣬻ãҪװһΣƭСǡ
ֻˣ÷֮󣬶зóȴףǿŮǿݣῼǡ
һͨӺ︡ˮ棬ȻӭһˮĿ⣬ȴСԲſϣ˫򢣬ͷĶ
ĽһԾˮڣ䵽СԲߣһˮ飬ָ
ĽȷˣСԲ㲻
СԲͷɵĵգղŸСˮʲôˣ
ʲôҲûĽҡͷ
СԲҡͷһۣʲôҲûܽˮӿ
ĽЦˣ
ֲϹգʵ˵ǲǶԲССԲƲƲС죺Сûô죬һй
ĽЦҸղ߻ħǴСסңˮѡ
СԲȻС㴩Ľ£ˮ߱¶ûһֲû졣
ĽˣСԲϲյЦգתϴ辭ʲôʱѽ
Ľְ̽ѩ󣬴ỬУЦٹһ°ɡ
ҪôѽСԲ촽
Ľæ˿棬СԲϲЦĪ鶯ˣҶ࿴
СԲߵߣҲԶܰơ
ĽԶЦתϴ辭ɣһѾܶˣ̫̰ģ
ðɡСԲЦһֱڸﲻȥĵģʮ˺Ȥ
Σ²ܳȥĽҡͷ

Ľ뿪ˮ鿣ǰݣϣԻɵ֮ȫơ
ΣѨɾ֮ѸͣԵѨɼӿȪѨ͹ѨһҲ
һ죬ջᡣ
һΣһںȻ³һϢѭŶԺһת˳£
ÿԺϢȻӿ֡
ϲһٹ˼ɣٶȴĤۿɼ
ϢÿѭһȦʱɾĲ׺񹦣еĽɫȥһЩ
Ľƣ̫ãЩϢ꣬ʱҪָӣѹס
һ£һֱԼԺȥԺǵСԲ빬֣÷£
ĽǳУѨרעɵ֮
ͬʱֳֶ뽫һ
һȴ鷳˵Ƹܾ룬뵶һչ
һʱ䣬ĤѾһٹ£ܴɣԲȫ
һ


324 һʽ
峿Ľģƴ¿ӿ
ӲֻܿСΣٶ죬ֱ۵ô죬ȥ
еϢѺľÿϣƫƫ׿ֻǿš
Ϣ価ȴ֪дǣԶʤǰȫʧأֻҪķܿס
һ㲻Ҳû÷
Ҫרתϴ辭רСΣжճڶϣ뽫϶Ϊһ
ɵ֮ʩչˣʤɽɱﵡ
˵ж裬˵翣Ѩ磬ɣĽС
ӣֻ

Ź֣Сгɻ
С˽ٱ飬죬γһƬӰһʱ󣬴죬йȥ
ǰԺ㣬һ¹Ĥһٹ£Ĥɣղ񹦼һ㡪
ĤԲӦѧƣһʼǿܻƣγ
սղ˵ĤԲ֮󣬻ת
һֱɻ󣬲֪Ĥ󣬵׻ݱһ֣Ϊ棬޲
ļѾˣûӪ
һ״̤Ժϣ÷ŮһװƷζȣ̬
Ľۣ̤ϣŻǰǰ÷ڻһƷ˫
ĽЦЦʲô򣿡
÷Ƴһۣͣơ
ԭǴƣֲƯĽͷ˵ƣûѧ̫
СԲͣ¶öͷ飬գЩʲôˣôһֱ
һϮɫװȽᡣ
ĽЦұչؿϾġ
һֿۣһ÷۲
ĽЩΣǺЦǵľתϴ辭ˣ
СԲͦظ

СԲȻƮǰСְĽؿڣЦһƣ
ĽܹƷ
СԲΪͲǳ񷭱ǲСĸ֣ӰֹвĽؿڡ
ĽһЦСԲʽûãˡ
СԲߣ˵ôʰ㣡
÷ͣ¶۹ۿСԲͽ޹ҡͷ֪
ƵУ
һνʣͦ
츳ͼߣ׺Խʱʩչһ⣬ǣ
СԲӰƮƮϣ˷ĽŲ׺ƣ˿Ӧˡ
÷˰ΣȻƣСԲ£
СԲٿĺˣƮߡ
÷Ʈǰգָ̣
ɫ䣬ޱ飬˫徿̲ʲôĽڨڨЦЦ
÷ڻǰ¼°գ
νʣһ̣ˡһΪߣζɭɭڡ
ĽΣָÿһָ׼ȷн
÷һͣ˲Ӵ֣°տȻ
׺תָ糣ѩϯĽ콣֣ȥĽӰӡ
ĽڽУŲշת֪÷ˣûҪѵԼһڶɱݡ
Ľ¿Цڷ֮ܣܹ⣬ɭɭͣĴë룬Ĥ⡣
Ľܹ˰УҲһУ
Ȼεһƽƽһ÷ٿĺˣ콣

СԲɴ۾Ķ÷ֿĽ
ĽЦģʣ΢ЦһΣ
÷һüƬ̣ʲô
ĽЦǴӵõһʽɰɣ
һֱڵУ򣬿ϧֻһʽ
÷Ƴһۣʣת뿪ˮ
ĽҡͷЦСԲƲƲ죬һۣһۣҲת뿪׷÷
ĽҡҡͷεСԲҪӪˣǿԳȥˣҪСģĪ
ôҪȥСԲȡЦ䣬¶ᣬٴ¡
ĽЦһӣٻ
ǺðɡСԲδȻFЦգǲǵС㣿
ĽЦЦ˵
СԲչģЦһ˻£ѵᱡС㣿
Ľɫһ䣬æָڴǰꡪ
СԲԾĵɴ֪Լˡ
Ľڰ֣һۣߵеûб˵˴С㣬ûùӳԣ
СԲԲɣָԳ˵
ȻϲЦȴ֪أ֪²ȥҪڶģֻܺݺݰĽһۡ
Ľֵһۣʾ˵Ȼת뿪ˣϳӰһʱѾصӪٶ֮죬š
ӥϿհ裬ȻԵá
ٶ죬߿ơ
ĽصӪʱ磬䳡ϣ˼ͷϼҲд裬ͷ֡
˿ʼΧĽͬʱĸˣĽݰΧӦ࣬ٶȸ죬ǿ
Ȼû뵽֮١

ĽԭһֱϢûûҹĿСΣ˻Ȼ̾䡣
ĽȻ鴽һХ
ХԽХӦ漴Ӱһ棬ӥվϡ
һ
ͷæСУѱǣ
ĽЦŸ˸ӥëһ֣ӥΪɼŷ߿գߵչȻ衣
ĽЦǺԣ֪ͼѱԼҡ
СӣǺøͷ̾Ľĵô̯ĺأ
ĽЦϣϣһǶӥ
ţǲżͷæתͷϣͷǾǸӣ
ֻһˡϻͷ
Ľɻˡ
ͷǴȥսʤӥֻһӣιԪ
ԪĽһΪ⡣
ͷιǹԪǿʣ
ĽͷⷨǼõģԼķӸʤһ壬ֱ
СУһ԰գͷ
Ľ룬ϣϣգԪϾԪ̫ˡ
ţҲáϵͷ


325 
Ľ˼ͷϣһ٣űչء
ŶЦп
Ľ˼ĵһӱչأҵ˸оȴСΡ
ЦҪгڣĪҪһζͻͽк岻Ҫȴܲס
ͷеСУСʲôز
Ľҡҡͷֻʾãˡ
ҪɣͷС۾ɵϴ
Ľͷ
úãͷ׼ļ٣׼ļ٣ͷæС۾˷ܵĵҵҪƣСΣ

ЦգľСΣδɡ
ĽüëϾӿʱҪ·Ǳžޡ
Ϊγû뵽
ϣǲǲһţ
ϵͷ̾Сδɣһʵڼѣ̫ˡ
Ľʱ䣬ӦԲֻǹƣ;谭
Ŀ¶⣬˰Σͷţȷʵ죬£ֹ̫ˣҲգ£עⲻҪ̫ͣϾʱһ֣һ¡
ǣлϣĽЦ
ͷеСУСΣǾȥһ󽫾Σǿ˲ã
˵ɫ΢䣬æֹ
ͷĵͷô˵յʣѧΣ˭ѧΣ
ǽʸѧҡͷ̾Сοһֻ۱һֻۣβɣͬġ
Ǻð죬ѺӥˣˣͷЦ
ҡͷЦ׵Ļ˵գ
תͷգС˵ηǽʵˣоĹͣ˵
ǣлϡĽͷ

ĽųӰٴ뿪Ӫǡ
ҲÿЦ˵ξھӪʱȴ̣󲿷ʱУ˶֡
֪֮¼٣˿ɣΪԼʵ죬סǣʲôʱǱ࿴
չһΣûʲôҪٿûôףҿʤǣÿ춼ţҪУѵһɡ
ųӰʱ֣ػǣڽϳʱȻһüͷһ¡
صʱСԲϲӭЦգôôͻǲûߣ
ĽſӰԼǣһߣЦֻȥ˼٣Ҫʲô
СԲһۺû֦չˣǽһ㡣
Цʮȥ֡
Ľü
СԲЦİգСҲλʮز¶ҲŪҪʲô
ĽҡҡͷΪȻЩǵͷߣûմΪ
С˵աСԲЦЦ
Ľûĵһۣðɣҽǡ
ôСԲɴ
ĽͷǣҲɢһɢġ
ȥС㣡СԲһһ̶ˡ
ĽҡͷЦЦůüڳſӰ֣漴ס档
÷빬ƺܿĽ÷һƳޱ飬Ƴ΢΢һЦû˵
Ůúܾ£ԽˣŮ԰ɴ棬ֻ¶ϲ֣ӣסˡ
ȵζķˣɴᵴò֣߷飬èӡ
СԲǰס첲գ߰ɣ
ƮУĽЦã߰ɣ

˸߳ţԱߴһЦӴʦҲ
ĽתͷʮվԱߵǰһϮ˴Լ
ӳ¾׵գʻʢ
ĽЦЦʮþò
ɲǣһ˰գʮ΢ЦӯӯߵǰɨһŮĽЦû뵽ʦòķˣ
ĽЦЦʮɺã
ӰաʮЦӯӯģֱ÷ŮкƣŴ
һߣһ˵˵ЦЦܿ촩ľĴ֣ϱ硣
ڴй䣬ȴûעĿĽһñӣȥɮݣԾˡ
ʮ÷Ů˵˵ЦЦʱƳһĽǣȻĶһˣͣ档
Ľȴ磬װû۲רעΧ֣ŨϢķɡ
˵ѣߵۣһֱʱ֣Ϧ£ǲŵƽ¥¡
ƽ¥ʱǳԷʱַǳ
ʮӴ󣬻ռһż䣬һСǰͷ·˶¥ߡ
;һżʱȻһЦпĴЦĽȻֹתͷȥ
Ůߣ״ͣʮЦʣʦˣ
ĽüͷҴС㡣
ѽҪк𣿡ʮüЦʡ
ĽƬ̣ͷҲá
ǰţţĽһʦ
Ľ΢Цͷڰɣ
ϵǷʮ꣬Ϊס
ǴʦЦӯӯ֣һ°ϴΣһŮױˣĽһ¡

ĽЦЦǷڣк
ɨһ÷ʮŮЦʦһ𣿡
ʮӯӯһ񣺡С㡣
죬ЦЦʮҲڣʦǺø
ĽЦҲˣ
šͷЦҪһɣ
˵ŲÿĽŵӣȻǷɽ
ɽţ񣬷ʣίʵ÷ȡ
Цߣһÿ¶ĽΣʱһЦݡ
ĽתͷЦȻͣҲؿ˶֡
СԲ÷С죬ŭտȻǸУһòŮˣ
÷룬ûʲôüĽ
ʮЦѽСͣٺò
ȥ÷˿ĽҲŽȥСԲ빬Ľ롣
㡭ɽվɫѿĶĽ
߹״ʦϵã
ĽЦŵͷйһ֮Եû뵽ֵܡ
˵űȭֵܣһᣡ
ɽָЦݣȭЦһᣬų̂մ
ܣλմʦЦָָɽʦһλɽ硣


326 ƽ
ĽЦЦʵֵܲǴ˰ɣ
ͷԵġ
˵ţԸСӼ꣬ȻĽ£÷ЦЦܵ
Ľɽ棬ЦˣǴܵģǷŵİɣ
ˣЦʣʦ㲻֪
Ľҡͷ֪ʲô
Ǵ̵ͨģ̶ӿɳ롣
ĽЦҡҡͷ治֪
ӥӪӪһụ̂ͨ¶е̫˼飬ҡͷЦ

ʦϵ÷磿ʣŮҲ
Ľһ۷ɽЦЦǲʶǰһȥԣϷֵܣд˼У֪̣ͨҺα鷳
һЦȴûʤ˵֪
⣬Ե׽壬νպգž޵룬ڴʦ¡
Ľ书׽ĵһ֣Ӧûвġ
ɽյ΢Цȴ΢¶
ȻһЦմʦ书ҵüд輸УΣ
Цݲÿʣһսǰһ
ĽǼǱ²⣬ʩչһƵʹá
һպвˡ
ƾԼ׽ѹסһصĳӡ
ĽЦЦǷͣͲض˰ɣն㣡
˵ɽԽƶתͷЦã벻뿴д裿
һĽЦ磬ǸհɣѵǴԵԾӢۣ
ɽһ⣬ȻЦãĪǶĲ㣬ʧ棿
ˬһЦʤ˱ҳ£ҿûôء

ɽŭЦԽã佻ѣҲһ£մʦǹϼУ㵽ΪֹΣ
Цģ΢̣¶һ˿޵ķ̡
Ľͨ˼һԼ
ûаӮɽһˣԼôʤ
÷Ȼ˵Ҳá
Ľҡͷ̾˿ˣȻҲ޷գֵýõʮΪޣΣ
ãɽͷ
Ľֿ÷Щ֡
ʮЦС㣬λմʦķˣ
ˣɴתͷĽʦнô
ĽЦڽǰףһ£ܳˣֻܽ
ŶȻҡҡͷǡ
ȴܿ˶òķˣڽ£ֻܿȢܲơ
ЦʦҲؼ꣬ϻ⣬ûġ
ĽЦҡͷ
ʥϴﶦʢٻʮû⣬λ¾Ͳܳ
ΨһķӣǶԾԼס
Բξ޵ִʹ뿪׺ɽǴ⣬Ҳô׻á
ԵľĦֲͻĹģѻô󹦣Ҳϣдģս
Ϊ̫ƽȮΪˣһս°ա
մʦ޸ǳɽЦ÷Ůɨ˼ɨǷ
÷ŮֻƣĿʵʣ͸Լɴѣپòü
÷˼£ɱӯӯɨĽһۡ
Ľҡͷ
硭òףüߡ
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ǽͷԼһӰֶƮƮһȡ
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ĽҡҡͷתҽŶһ£һɵɳΪһ⣬С
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ĤԲ֮γʱ䡣
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331 
ص˺Ժһ¸ӳںϣԣӺƮ
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УĽ߹ȥһСͤУ÷ŮСͤڣ÷٣ƶ飬СԲ廨
һСͤ÷ְңȻֹ
üĽգɱˣ
ĽƮƮ̤룬ͷ̾ţɽܲΪǿ
÷̾Ϣһ

СԲ廨ţɱúã㲻ɱɱǣһͽһƤңȴǸһ
üɱȻʹ죬׽岻ǡ
ĽͷǸϽʰһ£ϳز׺ɽ
÷üƬ̧̣ͷգô죿
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ʡáĽͷ
ƽüҪһز׺ɽգ֪
СԲæͷ۾ĽѽѽգһߣҲҲ̫Σ
Ľҡͷһû̫񣬲ܻȥİգб֮
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ĽĲǣʮ㣬˵б֮ز飬Ҳٵģ·Ҫǣ
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Ľɫأ棬Ժ˼תҡͷ̾˵գ׽Ĺϵǳǲ֪Ҳ޴жϣʹ׽ǨŭҲˣҪ
Ըˡ÷ҡҡͷ

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ȻоڵĿյ÷Ů뿪ԭȴҲԭòһˣûϢ
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Ľͷϴţ뿪һӡ
СŲٶʣȴĴ齣ϴæֹëȥ
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ģůģˮƽĺ棬ԣ鱦ʯ
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ĽЦʮҲзգ
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ʱ֣ճϳţӭһ̶֧ӣԼʮˣʮӢΪס
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Ľӣһ֪Ǿ׽ˡ
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Ľͷһ𣬺־Ҳʯ
ǡʱһȺ˳ϳţʸڳеģָ
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332 Ǩŭ
һȺ˵УֻзһŮӣźէۡ
ĽӰ񿥷ǳվ·ߣҲעĿֱ׶ȥҲĽ
ףڿһתתǸȻкˣ߶Ƿҵǰ˾š
ĽЦЦĿˡ
ͷһߣ壬ĸߴ࣬ͷںڣɫҲڣ̬ϣ˱ֱ
˫罣͸ʢ졣

Ľһƣ֪үƢ󣬸ӲңദģҲӣӰУ뿪
ʱûǣĽ뿴ǳҲ쵽ķͬѰ
Ľ̾ȷʵףԼĤǣ˿һ书Ѱ˰ˡ
׶һۣף¶һ˿΢ЦѺãӰܿ쾭ˣԶ
ۣ֮۸
ʮˣˣҲ꣬뷶ɷ͸˷ܡ
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үЦǰȭƽ̴ݹ٣ˡδԶӭʧ
ױȭϿ
˫һɨüͽڣ
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ҡͷүүҲ֪Թֿˣû磬һΪǰˡ
һŨüһ£ڰ֣ˣͽǽǰգ
Զԣǣƽ̣롪үæ롣
Ⱥǹ£ӵ׽ǣ˴ӵţɫϰΪлˡ
˵Уһ꺺뿪˶ûӰһ㣬עĿ
ǲУֱǰ

ڷǰ˸Ҫȥǰʧ˺Ȼ֣ޱ飬ڷүӶֹ˼䡣
ʲôүѿڽе
ɫڣɫ˫۾âţ纮еģ
ǧȷ˵ͷ
ܣүҡͷߵ书棬˭ɱ
үӣԿˣȷʵǷĮȻ˵
ͣתʣô£
үɫ˼䣬ǰˮƽ̣
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ƮվڴУΧǵƮдϯ
ү˺һεš
׳һָƽƽɬȻȥɽ
ǡүӿͷ
ǰ˴ͷУƺƵȴϢֻІ~~ĽŲ
ү˵סҼңڶ߳жһլӣԹңüסģ
ĬȻ˫۾â˸ˮ
ܿһխĴ֣Χܰʯ̵أʯ䳤ӲݣЩ
ʯϣŷɽѾӲˣͷ죬ãȻ㵵գͷһѪ
ߵǰŷɽһգգ
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׸ɽ۾̧ۣͷǽϵ֣ٺһЦһɣ
һȭ顱һ죬ǽ򴩡
γȭͷɫƽԸԨѰɽȥ
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ɫʱɨһŮһȴû˵ߡ
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ܿвϣɽʬױһϣǰ飬ꡣ
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үүҪ䱣˧ˣһҡͷûУʱڳй䣬żңûʲôˡ
ûУ˫һ
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һۣЦһתͷϣĵ̣ɽ֮£㸺ˣ
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׵һۣ֮ڣֵϢ
˵գڰ֣ˡԶͣ
үӼɫ뵣֪˵棬ⴿǨŭǷƢˣ
վ𣬱ȭͷת뿪˸뿪Է߷߲ƽȴŭԡ
һ˴ţзүӣ̫ˣƫᣬΣ
ԣٺᣬǵϣʵʵģ
үӣǣ
үһԲǰͷǵߣ˵ýŲӣܸסܿ춼ס죬Ҷ˵
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Уү̫ʦΣһˣ̾Ǻиɵİɣ
ɫҡҡͷүүҲ֪
Ŷүбһۣպе죬ɽʲôˣɱģ
մʦѾǡ
֪үϢͨǽ۵ףûʲôƽ¥˵ĳͻҲӲĿ


333 
үӳƬ̣ƽǲãѽ
Ҫ͸ģЦЦүүҪմʦڹ
үӿǵļڽüΪǷңֻˣҴ°˾Ųʮ
ҡͷ̾ʢǵĻ˰б͸ˣˣҲ³
үүΪס촽
үҡͷ֪̾׽ʵ𣿡
ҡͷ
ү֪̾׽Ŀ£ƽһˣǷң
ŵպпԩģһˣǷȣһҪ
üһ£ҡҡͷմʦ޹ģ

үĬȻĿ⽥࣬ԽԽһӷ
ǿŷүӣʾ
үӳ̾Ϣһˣ
ǡֶվڷ
үתڰ֣Ѻң
ǣӦޱվңȭС㣬ˣ롪
ŷүӣүү㲻ݺմʦ
үӱڰ֣ߣߣ
Ϊ˼壬ݺ޹֮ˣĺΰڣ
үӱĬȻ
ΪѵĿŷС㣬߰ɡ
Ǻ죬ŷүӣպ޺һţŤȥæϣ˽ܡ
ʱ֣үӴˣ˶ߵլӣݼףȴ֪żвʣܼ͡
үӵһʱֱڣ軻һյһյϣײǶ
үɫ糣δŭ벻͡

ţܣ硣
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䵭ĶյһڣˣϣʲôϢ
ү̾˿ȭƽ̣Ϸǰ˱빫ӣϧ书΢빫ӲϲҾ磬ϷѴ̣
Ũüһûҵ֣
үӵڣ书ǿ빫ӵģΨһˣ
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գүӵЦҡͷ˵ΪŮ˵ջˮһ٣
գüǺηʥ
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ӥҲ׽ĸ֣ӥϢ׽ȻҲã˵и֣书׿ǾС
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׽գҲ֮ǣʮ׽֣һĸ׵׽ԣǲܲĴ
үӵΪԹյ죬͵Ϯ˷빫ӣѾȦƾƽ̴ã
أʣ˫۾âһš
үӿЦѾ˾Ӫ
ߣΪӪҾκˣЦ
ү̾ƽ˼ӪŲٵĸ֣Ǵܣƽ̶Ҫ˼
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⴦þǣүӾȻ
ЦЦүӵã
ү̾ңƽ軵֪ߵغ˴ǻڲ

ĽصӪ˵ľ̾û뵽СΣ
Ȼ˵̫ޣѾʵһһѰ˵ǵ
Դֻ֮Ҫ͵һ죬ܽ
峿ʱ֣Ľ𴲺Ƕд裬һģ࣬·硣
Ķ죬СεԽǿᣬÿÿʽԼ򵥵ȴӴˡ
书һ¶֮죬˾
Ľֵд裬ԴĤ֮巢̫仯һһ֪
ԵˣǰҰǿѱѱˣָ⣬鶯
һ֮ɢڿˮ
һĺ٣ѭ
Ľ֮࣬עÿϣʮﶼдһţһֻӥ͵Ľֱߡ
ֻӥʮ㣬Ľ˼ֱӡԺ⣬ҲΪϲ
ÿϣӥҪһأٶ죬Ƭ̹򣬾ܴǣǡ
ҹԼС飬о󷨣ƹͣһƬ
ţ졣
㶼죬һӰ֣СĴӥվϣĽͷĽ֣ȡ
Ľϵܣֽһؼ㣬չ˼ۣɫʱ
ʮ˵˷ҵĶȻǿʼԭլѲˣ
ңҪɱ˵Ƿɱ˷ɽƾɽ书ɱˡ
ץסҪ÷ɽΪº󶨻ɱ˱
˰Σ̾Ϣһ

д˼֣ŽܣȻϴӥצӣӥٿһʧϡ
Ľüҹɫҡҡͷ
֪Ǹ壬÷Ϊȥ
ʹ֪Ǹ壬Ҳ޿κΣֻܹԹԵľͷǣܺģܷ
˱˼ңɱڷңȴұ֤Ϊʵ̫飬ʲô¶ܸɵó
ΪİΣһŮˣûʲôˣǷҵ߼
ڶ峿Ǽˣľ˵һ飬ɱ˷ɽ˴
üɫ裬ͷЦ򣺡Сӣ֣ɱúãɱúã
ĽЦϣɱʹ죬׽壬׽ǣһ¶棬Ҫ׷ɱ
ߣͷС۾һɣߵɲԣǴܣ׽
ͷҪʲôüʡ
ͷȻҪһȥҪƨļһʲô˲𣡡
ǲ뿪ǣҡͷ
תͷգǷǣ룬ȥǣҲȥ
ĽҡͷҲŷ


334 
ͷգգСۣСУ㲻ٺ٣˵ͦòǲǣ
Ľͷҳǰµġ
СӣĵļһͷٺЦţĽ
ĽЦϣ뷶ûŮ˽飬Ѱˣѣǲȣû
ǲûͷæͷ
ĽЦѨһ㼴С
ͷͷҿȥɣ
ϺĳͷһۣתĽգаȫˣʹ׽壿
ĽЦЦϷģ

ϳ̾ϢϷܣŪΣ
⣬ƾΪ˴Σ书һɳΪеһ֡
ϧҪľѧǴߣܵڣʹհСԲҲǲɡ
ΪѾӪһ֣ʹεķҲ磬ƫƫְλΣʵĪ˷ѡ
ĽЦҹͲʹдΣҲ˼ϾͲǿˡ
׺Ϊһ壬ɿƣڴβУƾϵĶзǹ֮ȼԱ
̾˿ҡҡͷðɣҪСģΪҪҪǿΪһŮӶ
ĽͷЦǣС֪
ͷӻһƿݹСУƿţؼʱ򣬷һţܾ
ĽӹˣĿʡ
ͷṦҪϰ£Ԫؼʱԣ
ĽȻƿͷ
ȼòⵤҩֵҩ쳣ȷʵǾ֮ؼʱ򣬱˫Σա

԰Ķ羵ӳհơ
кɻѲаܣر죬ǿڶˡ
߲ԶһƬ֣
һϮ°ں߻Уտգû彣
ʱͣ£Զع񣬽ŻУź
ִһ֦Ӷɣȴ࣬ںڵ㷢ÿݻƣûɣӲʱã
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һæת֣ȴĽһϮվУҡͷ̾ϢΪһ壬ѷֱ˴ˡ
һ紵ҡΣŷĵɡ
ԴĤһ棬ڹУ֮࣬ˣһ棬棬Ȼ¶һȣͷһɸɮ緶
㡭󼱣ҿһۣ֣ѹʦ㡭ô
һֱĽΪԼΣ˵ʲôҲҪġ
ĽΪ֪ģΪ˽⣬֪ԼɱҪԼ
ķܾ֮ΪԼ˴Լϧȴ
үһУĻ䣬ȻһϣҲûʲôȤζͶ̥
Ľһүүƽ̵ļƣ޵
Ľ΢Цҹ㡣
һ۷ҡͷˣαԿ࣡
æߣߣүүƽأͶߣ
ĽҡͷЦȰ˵
æϽߣþңүүôģҪˣ
ĽЦЦȻա
Ĭһ£ҡҡͷʳӣİա

ȴףүүȻɱԼԼһˣһ˱ȣүүԥɱԼȫҡ
Թүү˭׽ǿأΪޣΪ⣬ֻԹҲǿֻԼ书ɡ
ĽЦ򲻹׽壬ģ߰գ
˵գȷ˵׵ǰ
æҡͷһӵõҾͲɣ߰գ
ĽתͷٷϻϽĥҪˣ
ε̾˿֪Լȥߣֻſ󱳣סӡ
Σڹ̫կʱûôɬ
ĽȻһһţΪһĨ򶫱ߡ
ߣһ˴ĽһһХ쳹
ſĽϣֻؿů絶ӭķ̫Хתͷˣæ׽ˣ
Ƿˣһֻ۱һֻۣ׽˾ᣬǸԼ޲ɱԼ
ĽһỊ̃ңҪ֣
ֱۣؿ󱳣ȴ˲ɬ˹ؼʱ򣬳岻ȥͻɥ
ߣԾԺǽźâֹڿס硣
ĽȥƲ˫ָͣͣͣͣХֱ˶ȥײɢâָУʯͷ׹
ߣ˸׹£ӰڿУӽ֯һܵĽ
Ľܲˣָ䣬·Ļǹһ㣬ָǿдһͨܶĽ⣬ָֻɢ
ͣת۹˷˳ȥ׽ڸṦת۹˦ˡ
Ľţ뵽̫կΣȥá
õĲ֮ǾӪӪܽŮˣɣ÷Ҳػɽˡ

Ψ֮ƣǶ̫կڵɽң̫կһɽ֮УУѰ
죬Ʈ׽˽俪룬ת۹ѾӰӡ
ǰ֮࣬°ɱ˴ʦֵģȻΪˡ
׷ˣȴҷʦŭ죬һ͵ûȤܷġ
ǸҧгݣƴǰĽ˦һнͽͣһ֣ѾĽ
ֻƾŸоǰ׷Ŷȥ
ȻһϹһӹˣǷ׷׾ʦ
תͷ¶Цݣ˦ˣ
û뵽Ľ书֮٣Ṧȴǰһת۹˦׽ĸǡ
Ľ٣ֿһ֣ת۹˱ţֱӹǽһƬŭȡ
ףүүӦжˣǲ׽뷶ĸ֣Ƕ֡
˳˳ǣĽȴһֱۣܣ̫կ
ߣһŭ𣬹ף˶ߣʱɫһ죬Ѫӿ
Ľֿһ֣Ųմء
תͷȥԶһӰԽԽ׷׽ƽף


335 ׷
ĽǺЦһٶؼӿ죬ǰһֻ絶˫ֻţͣᡣ
һ֪Ϊλܿ죬ٶȣʵûṦ
ĽȼܣΪǿĶζȻ٣ת۹׵ľ롣
Ľ׶Ϊ׽ƽ̣ظ˵ҵʦһ㣬湦ǿ¡
ңһˣ򲻹ܣʶһ¾ѧ۽磬޿ɺǣŷͲðˡ

գɸһսХңң׷Ľ
ĽһЦƽ̸Уٵ̣ǣضͣ
ɣĤʮ㣬ûƶ֮ݣȼյǵĤȣС׼ףֵһᡣ
ңͬʱתԪСΣëŵɵ֮ĤУΪ
ĤвʱֳһΪȼϣͣγǿ߶ʩչṦ
ʩչȼܵ÷ɿ죬絶ۣҲطҲȻӿ졣
׷˸ϲ£סˣһֱ䣬ûҲûԶ
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Цٶ˵÷ϻֻǼӽ£߾ȫ׷ϣ°аš
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ĽЦİգܶãҷ㵽ף
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Ľҡͷɣ׷ң㲻ѡ
ĬȻûж˵ĽĻǴɽ̣ȴ˿ûи˷緶һСŮӳ
Ʒ׷ϴʦҪѰԼġ

ĽһȼһתԪ֮ɵ֮ԴԴϵĲĤ
ʹ䣬ĤҲ֧źܾãѷ
ת۹Ѿ۹ʮܵһ޴ɽǰ߼ʡ
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Ľ²ͣһۣתһ
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ˣˣۣ֮ԤУһɱӦܹܹȥ
ٿһЩ˵ԼĸӦʹԼӦ׵һ죬ҲٶԶʤǰ
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׹УûȤܶ㣬˲ϣסСҪ
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ȻŵɳۣҶ֦Զÿ̸ڣȴڴ
ת۹طɳԶɽϣ֮۱ۣ׾һֱ׷ں档
ĽЩ֣֪Ϊж׼ȷ׷һ·ϣѾη԰תΡ
ȴ׼ȷ׷ܿԼĽŲһ㡣
Ṧߣ̤ѩ޺ۣ˵ûºۼǣӦÿίʵŹ֡
һ總֮ңһֱں׷ᣬĽô仯󣬶ûá
˺ͷһܣƫҪ˾һ˭ܵù˭
Ǻ˻Ϊ̣ھ޴೤ɽдĽһֱɽӣܵ
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Ĺһϣʦһϣ
šĽЦЦҡͷλƽ̿Ҫƴ׷Ǻοգ
ҲûԷʡ
ûԡĽͷЦ˭ܿ˭

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Ľ߲ݣֱһ죬ҹʱ֣ڽˡ
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Ĥԭʴھ룬ֱӱĤɣΣķ¡
׵Ź֣һ˿Ź֣׵㣬һ壬飬ĤС
֮ĽǿᣬԶʤˣУʲס
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׽ÿУػĽĽǿᣬʹнҲֻҧһڣѪֹס
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һ鷳ȥԴһˡ


337 թ
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һתͷܣ֮۹գûСȻ뿪ʮˡ
ףȴûʲôɾ͸УȫԼ书Ѱʩչܽò׺ɽɹһ㣬ԸףҪʩչʵûʲôɻϲġ
һֱãʩչ֮ӣңÿʩչһΣԼĮһ֡
һƬȻﲻӫģг֮嶯

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תͷƣûĽĲס³
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338 
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ʱŲ𣬺Ҵͣڴ⣬үӣ˴Ƿң
ʲôˣһվǱѶ
ЦǣǡǺУ
̵ģôĵӣ˲Ȼŭ


339 
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⣬ȥγ䳤Ҫȥ
վסүŭһһըס
ͣסŤͷȥѵѵСУ
үӰڰ֣һ
ӶţתߺУػʡ
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СɱûУүº͵ʡ
æҡͷүӣֻûɱ
үӵͷڰֵȥʲôʱˣ˵һ
ǣ깧Ӧתȥˡ

һվеǾͶͷڹꣿ
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ӶţصǷʲôʱУҪȥѵ
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ӴŴغһľУŤͷ
ү²յߵϴٿ㣬ĸ꣬ܳʲô򣿡
Ӳߣģҿѧˣ
㲻룬ȥˣܴùգүӵ
Ӻߵ򲻹ҲҪ򣡡
үЦɷ죬ǲ֣ˣѾͷأ
һŮ˱ߺߣŤͷмЦ
үһӷŭȣס죡
ӱ죬һԲԲ
̾˿˰ɣ϶һ첻ߣʲô
Ӳĵ
ƽ͵϶ȥҲȲѣңƽ̱Ͼһʦɱ
Ƿҵ㶪ƲƲ졣
ҪҪѵΪ棬ǷҼٿˣ׽ŭ𣿡
Ӻһٶ˵

ϴ󣬱¸ϻүӴŴڰ֡
϶ǲףƢĲΪСѾͷ򱧲ƽأûʲôˡ
СУ߯󣡡¶ЦݣݵǷҵŮ
Цյ书ʵ
ѷأûɱա
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ӵǽԽϣԽС׽ôҿţǶԸգ
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׽ǼĴɣүӺߵ񣬸ƣҲûãϻҲܲסȺ
ǸƣҲܽӵЦЦߵʥѩ˿쵽˰ɣ
ͷƿˣ졣
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ĽһЦһʱӰ׷ɣʮ󺺷˳ȥ䵽ԣʮ顣
ҽûûеòҲԣΧ˻飬ֱð
ĽӰһصԭλ
СӣӲȻų̆һԾڿлʮɣӵն¡
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Ľ׳ַһֱֹʱ嵽ǰϧ޷ԸÿθҪ˾ϣһ˹
Ŵƫƫֱˤϣֻɢȥϵľ˵˫ƣᾢ͵ϡ
һףһӣĬת۹һ˶ˣԺֻվš
ٺ١Ӵϲһ趯һһĽЦ
ҡҡͷվ̨ϣû
ӺٺЦűƽСӣؿôŪ
ĽһЦŮ˱ѣ壬ΪӺɷ򣬶ˣûʲô˵ģְգ
ƨӶʱǺŭߵ㶮ʲô
Ľαضϻ¼°գ
ŭһ
Ľһġ
һ죬֣ڿת˼ȦǺॡء
ֿտգĽ
һգˣЦУ׹Ȱ˲䵽Ľǰ


340 
Ľ΢΢һЦƮˣһỊ̃Ʈǽͷתʧһʡ
Ľңңƽ̣ûзɸ׷ң
٣кβңЦƮȥ
Ӹհȣȥȴסˡ
ϴҹȥæ
ҡͷʲô֣׷ǵģˣҪҪɣ
ðɣӴʧҲǿ

ĽƮŶȥţ˳֮һƬȥʧ
׸ʱӰӣߵȻˣ
̫ɢů⡣
ʱ࣬ȻһƬֹɫ΢䣬òףȥ
ƬǡϷֳһӰŭִָ࣬һܡ
Ϊƽ̣ʶ㣬ɫʱһ䣬ϳǴŭ࣬һλŸ
⣬ѵСаԼˣΪŸ֣
γɣ״̬ȴûܲλŸ֣òǡ
Ĵһͷͣԭأ񣬵ģ׼ǸҲ磬ʹһԼò
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׳һû뵽ĽṦ˾漴һһ³һʹ
ʱ⣬֮£ԼյĶ֣ȡ裬ߡ
ͷһֱӸжתߣʯʱʮ֮⣬һֳʮɡ
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ԾĽĽ书Ӿˣǰ֣һƼԼ
һ̫죬ʹԼĽ죬ҲסδѼһ׺ֱը
ĺĲ漴һšתߡ
Ľһٴʧ
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ӭĽӣߵطش۾޴ɣ
ĽһԲ俴Ƭ̣һǰֵؿڣһķɡ
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ͷһѪͣӿεϡ
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ƫаЦһٴγơ
飡һ죬һƣ⣬Խˡ
Խأ̧ͷĽŷ
Ľü֣ΪԽԽǿ

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Ľǰһ࣬ͣʽУʩչȴˡ
ĽһһƣֺƣѾվˣڵѪȴϢȣ֮ǡ
Ľߵǰޱ飬ϲǡ
֧أɫϣ񱻴򵹵Ĳ俴Ľ
Ľޱϲȴѣüס
û뵽ɱףɣ֮治ã湦Լû˵
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ڵϣһͷĽɫ԰ֽѪ顣
Ľǿᣬһֱؿڣˡ
ȴȫֻ

Ľʲôԣ˵һһת
ɴ˫ۣĿ⾼棬˰Σ̾ϢһʹǴɣ
ĽüͷһһЦǡ
ԭǲ׺ɽӣʧһЦ
Ľͷ²׺ɽտȻ
ԭ㣡ɳɤӣͷֲ˸׺ɽ٣һ׺ɽ
Ľüɫá
ɣױ˫ۣڲ׺ɽϣҲһ£
ɫ£̾Ϣһʦա
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üκͷãҾͷģ
˵գƣ췢ģй¶Ľݣ׽Դ˲һ
ģתͷһƣѾĽӰӡ
񣬹˺һ̾Ϣһҡҡͷ֪Ľ׺ɽĹϵ
Ľ˲뿪֣һ֣⿪


341 
˴ʩչվڶ峿ܣ࣬£ľ
񣬶оⳣˣζ峿ϢӿжȻ֮ױȡ
վϣ죬Σ֮ζ
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գһĽЦ
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ܵܣĽ״
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ĽĶˣӻٸһɱǡ
ʦ̫ҡͷ̾ҽӹʦ²ִƲ׺ɽȥңѾ׽ĵӣպա
ĽʦΪβ
ʦ̫ҡͷϻʦ̫أ޷ѳ׽ˣܻͷˡ
Ц˺׽ƽ̣ܻˣҲϡ
Ľǰϡ
룬ʦһֱûټ棿
Ȳϣк棿ʦ̫ҡͷ̾͵ʮǰѾ˰ա
ûɱ֡ĽЦȻɱʦĵܵܣɾʹˣ
ʦ̫ɫܲɱ˾ͱɱˣΪʦᣡ
ǣӼסˡĽ֣صͷ
ʦ̫ڰ֣ȥЪһЪɣ±֪鷳
ʡġĽٺЦ
ʦ̫һۣСӣµǣϽɣ


342 
ĽЦʦ벻ϻܵܣ
ʲô⣿ʦ̫ߵ
ĽͷҪһϷװɱȻͷ棬׺ɽס£
Ҳе׿ɲʲôˣԼŹδ飬ˣ˺󻼡
ʦ̫ûһۣ⣡ڷˣ޲Ϊ׽׳ƴ׽壬ʦԸ˭˭ǵˣ
ʦأĽʡ
ʦ̫ߵҲ⣡
ǷˣĽüͷ

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һԴӲ׺㣬У߻ħ֮ףʧȥƣ֮о
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Ľü̹ûǣһ֮£Ϣȣίʵ

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ĽЦʦҲǶ֣Ҫô
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ʦ̫䲻ܳãؼʱʩչȴɾıˣǲ׺ɽҲһϾ֡
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Ľӣæת⣺ʦе֡
ʦ̫ûĵ׼ôˣ𲻴Ӧ
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ʦ̫Բô
ĽʦãϾ֣ûдˣ
򲻹ܣʲôܣʦ̫ߵбȼôãٸҷϻôˣΥһҾмͽܳʦţ
ĽЦ֪ΪԼãû˴Զһۡ
ʦ̫һߵðɣҲһʱ򣬿ã޹ã
ǣĽæӦˣǺЦʦ񣿡

ʦ̫ڰ֣ſڿഫİϹ
Ľæоһ£ɲɣ
ʦ̫һ£ĿУȻһЦݹѩҲգֻһһҶ
Ľæĵͷǰ˫ƣȡ
Ůܸߴ˫ͤͤԲ֮ͣȻĶĽ񣬻˫ơ
顱һ죬Ľ͵׷ɣڿзһͷؽŹ˼ֱſڲֹס
˲ڵϣǱ
ʦ̫콿Цֲ֧
ĽβֱˣЦҡͷȻʦ׽Ū
Сӣ֪˰ɣʦ̫Ц˺һ졣
ĽЦû뵽
ǲ׺ɽʦ̫Ц
Ľԡ
ǰŲ鸡ǲ书֮ˣС
ղŴʱһǿӿ죬ǿ飬һ̱ܶ


343 
ʦ̫ЦûõģҲ°׷ѹ򣡡
Ľۣ˫һ˿һ˿ŲȣԽԽСģţ
顱ַ˳ȥڿзţײż
ʦ̫Ц֦Ҳ
Ľη𣬿ЦʦӳԱôˣ
Сӣ㲻һʦҲ۸Ӧˬʦ̫Ц죬Ĩһ֬
Ľҡҡͷ̾˿
ʦҲŮˣŮС۵ͨԼ˼ǱԼء

ιɢ
̾ʲôǿ᣿
ʦ̫ЦŲõܣܸ㣡
ĽģٺЦ΢һָʾΣ
ʦ̫ЦѽİգеӾԼ׼
ĽߵǰȻһָ͡һХһ£ָΡ
ʦ̫Ц򣬻
ʦģĽʡ
ʦ̫ҡͷҲֻ֪֪һһĴ
ʦһ׺ָɡĽ
ʲôʦ̫ʡ
Ľٸһ²׺񽣣Ʋ⣬׺ָ׺񹦵ڰ˲㣬׺ָͳ˲׺񽣡
ʦ̫Ҳô޷֤ʵҵĲ׺µģ߶ҪúѲ׺ڰ˲㡣
šĽҡͷ̾Ϣ
ʦ̫һۣϻѻָ
ĵĴ
Ľɫٱ䣬æתƣ͵һƣƵ;ƽƽɣξײߣײʧ⡣
ʦ̫һЦǵ⡣

ӯӯ棬վ̨ϹƣĽϥ̨£۶Ϣ˫ֽӡ
šվԵŮ
ӣұŮӣźڶоװŮӢˬеӢˣӢܡ
˵ĵĽȴûöš
ĽһĶӨת°ɮ죬д紵Χȴ졣
ţտȻʦұߵŮʡ
崿񻣬üгˣҲǵʦ̫
ʦֶ̫Ҫͺá
һӹתȥĽۣͷʦ
˰ɣ˵ʦ̨̫֣Ťȥˡ
ĽƮ𣬶ŮͷЦЦ˽ȥ
ʦ̫мϣָָǰ棬Ľȥ£̾ʦһ¹ݣ
һָ׺񽣣ʦ̫赭дڲз˵ղ񹦻壬׺Ҳ˵߲㣬ĽǱ
׺һص㣬Աɵӵ˺ͣ˲׺񹦵ģࡣ
򣬰һ£޷죬׺񽣵ǿ֮
Ǹѧģʦ̫һۣǵ⡣
ĽЦһҡҡͷٷֱ硣
ôʲôˣʦ̫ʡ
ĽͷӦôˣ׺񹦵ڰ˲㣬ߵھŲĲ׺ָǲ׺񽣡
ʦ̫ЦǺãúɲ׺񹦵ڰ˲㣬Һúý㣡
ʲôĽЦʡ
ʦΪò׺ţ۽۹ߣ˵ĺýزѰĺ档
ʦ̫Ц
ʦʲôĽ档

¼޸Σʦ̫һЦ
ĽһʦֿЦ
һ飬ҪѴʦ޸Ķһ£ˡ
ô㲻ϲ£ʦ̫Цʡ
ĽЦʦɲϲңʦͱҵԧ
ðɣǻһٴһ书Σʦ̫Ц
ĽȻʦǼ֣ԼҲ˳ˮۣ˵ʦƣֻӣģü۴ЦȻǶԼ˼ĥԼء
̾Ϣôϲ׽ŪԼʦʵûӡ
ʲô书Ľǿ
ʦ̫û˵ɣ
ĽҡҡͷȲ׺񹦸ʤ
Ȼ׺Ǵķʦ̫Ц
ʦĽʡ
ʦ̫һۣϻݵһܰȵɽ£
ĽЦ
ʦ̫Խ书룬պˣɽ绽겢ңɼ
Ľͷû̫ϡ
ˣʦ̫һۣڰ֣ϽգĪɽϵ̫ãȵ˽˵ա
ǣǵӾֱɽˡĽЦ
ʦ̫ͷȥɡ
ĽתҪʦ̫Ȼסӻͳһֻƿ˹ŰɣٳǿС
ĽЦŽӹˣ֪컯뿪
޼ɽСԲ޼ס÷СԺһΡ
ĽҲûԽ˽ٰ꣬һӣ˳׽Ĺϵٹȥ
֮ʱǣʲô飬ͨӥݣһ֧
ӥʶҲԦʹ֮Ľٽ̡
Ľ뿪˲׺ɽɽָװ磬΢һüëӣ绻һˣ뿪׺ɽǡ

Ľֱȥ̫կ
̫կ󵱼ңǰңҪ۸̫կ
书Ľв࣬ѵһܣ´࣬ǴùǺ˷²̫կС
һ̫կ׳٣˴󵱼ңŮկ
ڴ˵Ĺм˹ʾһһָʾ϶ݣдҷ緶
ĽЦ⵹չ֮أһѧǳüϧڷңΪŮ֮أңΪ̫կկˮ
ڵĴ棬С֮УںС
һӢˬɷ
ĽһſľУš
ܣǺЦܳҲòҾͷ
˵Ӱ켫󣬳խڣۻСҲȻ֮㣬Ӱ졣
֮أĸſҲǱĬ
̾ˣֿɺޣʵڲӣֻ
ĽЦ𣿡
¶㯣ҡͷֻ̾ҲԼסʲô
ĽЦûһװ磬еġ
Ҳǡͷ
ʱףһеģԼѵö࣬Ůģ̫ۣױ֡
Ľ̫կǲԶ׷չѱܴһҵ
ܶѣʲôҵԡҡͷ
ĽЦҿξӪΪηܣͲܸͷ棬ɣ£
Ƭ̣ҡͷ̫̾ԶˣèĹܳɣ
ĽĶˣš
Ц书ǿδǿȴøպõӣǿҲǿܳ򡣡

ܳôɡ
ĽЦҵļһƲŮˣβһҵңŮ˵
ЦʦҲѽ
ĽЦҿûôƫɾʹȫˣŮ־ᶨгɴ֮ʡ
˫۽ԾԾԡ
ڷңӣͱһһ׽֮£ֱ֮ʢ
ĽĶ׳ֱ籡
ĽԼ£ɲɣ£ģˣڲˣڵ
ãڵվ𣬸ƵҾͳ̫ɣ
ĽЦٺòȵ͵£书ǿü
ͷ鼤
ĽЦǿ书
ʱüƬ̣ʵʦ⣿
Ľðʦ£ʦͽʦ书Ҳ⴫Ѱķ书ǿˣһжˡ
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׺ɣĽʡ
׺ɣһæߴ֮һĲ׺ɣ
ĽͷЦеϵȥ
ٺòæͷ̾ܰݽ׺ɣң
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ڲ׺ɣߴ֮һʥѩŮִƣ
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ԼܳΪ׺ɵĵӣ֡
ĽҪֽʣߣת۹޺һţȥ׺ɽý֦׽š


344 
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밵пϾǼңĲ¡
׽壬Ȼⲽ˸ǰߺȻһ
裬籼籩ꡣ
Ľۣɫ΢䣬ƮȻԺԺֱӹǽͷʮ︮լС

ʮլӲ˴ų̋ףʰ׶ϣƽ֮أǺᣬһ¥εضɭɭġ
ʮˣ죬ƲͬһѨ
ʮһ̨ϣ࣬üҺɷտտ⣬˫ּٸ٣γһƬɫָӰʯɱ֮Ժӡ
һ̨»賤η
ʽ罣أÿһʽѣǰɺˣˣ뿿ʮ
ĽأǰһΣط·תæһӡǰָ
Ծ죬֮ǣ档
ֱ֮˵书޹أ޵ķڴˣǡÿ
ٿʿ̾˽Żķǳ
ϸʮˮտտͷһ㺹飬ɫ԰ף˫ȴ
Ľüˣʹѧ̫Ҫֲסˡ
תͷʿ棬֮ᣬ˾潣Ȼӵܡ
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ҡͷ̾ϢһһٿĳƮƮһӡȥ
סȻط˳ȥͬʱ顱һ졣
Ľɳʮɣ̨ӱأ̨ס

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֮֮ȻĪ֮޷ֱ֮ӷ˳ȥǱ
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Ŀǣͣ棬һɵΪ֮ȣۡ
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ʮһ˪ʦذɣҵ˽£֪
ĽûȭЦСɮգʮھӣδ̵ţ
СʿսΪºѺá
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ĽҪɱʮ
ʿͷǡ
Ľ̾ҿɲܴӦֻһսˡ
ʿҡͷ㲻Ҷ֡
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ʮ̾ʦ书ǿȴ֣Ҳˣô꣬Ҳˣýˡ
УĽϾᣬüʮô£
ʦŲԸȥĵúܣΪʮڰ֣ӹ㣬ƮƮˡ

Ľһ£û̬֮͸˷Ȼףɢѩݹ⡣
ЦŰڰ֣ʮﲻض˵ҹܶˣʹУܵһӣһɣ
˵գγʿʮм䡣
ʿΪѵĿɵմʦһαҪɱŹģÿա
ºͣӶغĽкøУϧȴܲΪС
Ľ΢Ц֪ɣ
ۡʿ
Ľü룬ҡҡͷ¹ªţδš
ʿֹ۵ӳУΪ֪
ĽʮЦʮҪһս
ʮ̾ϢһɬĵһϣҲûʤģοˮ
֪ĽЦ


345 ִ
ֵʮλʧ˶־ʮϷ쳾Ϊִţ
һ䣬ŷ֮
ʮһɫ˱䣬ָЦһðɣҲãֶһ
˵Żݺݵһδ๦ܵɣɥʧ־·硣
ĽЦŵͷưģ룬üëһ£һ޴УӴ羨ˮ

ĽɫȱͬʱԪԪ塣
Ƭ֮ʮɫָֺЦһʦ
Ľ
룬ԽԽǿٶԽ죬ԪԪתٶԽԽ졣
ĽóԦʮϵתޣһƻľΪһ壬ԼͬС
һļ΢㡣
ʿ齣ʣ²ˣĿˣºͣûдͻϮ֮⡣
Ľ΢ʿγͨЧ
һӺܿȥʮʧ
ĽƣԪԪתģԼ״̬
ʮＡӨת͸죬޹ˡ
Ľ̾һķԵǳЧȻʳأ׳֮
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ʮȻۣЦʦһ
ĽЦЦ˺һʮþˣԶʤԼ˵ίԼ̫
Сʿҵҵģʮ̤ǰ岽ͣʿ⣬ĺߵ
ʿνƶ£ʱŹĸ
ߣϹèӣʮߵ漴Ʋһ⻰ǰԼˣ̫

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ʮߵβװûңҪִţ
ʦΥʿҡͷɫŹɱλʦ֣˳ܲ
ߣΪˣȴ̰ɫʮﾫһ۲ɹֵ̳ӣС
ʿҡͷŹαλʦ֣Ƕ˾ӡ
òȻЦ֮ʮﲻмЦ
ʿɫŹ̫ƫ
نУʮһ̧˫֣һ䣬Ϊʿ
ʿӽγɰ⻡նа籣ûаƵᡣ
һٿһ²ϳ˲˼Ȧסһȴû˶ʱס
ڡһ籱ֱ粨ˡ
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أһХУӿԴĴָƿײʿĳ
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ԣȴԨsţץŽƽ͵ĶʮҲĽ
ʮׯ࣬ӽ棬һ
ĽȻʿȷʵΪ
û뵽˾һвƴƴ֮Σ
ͣͣͣͣʮָӣָݺᣬһʸʿ
ʿֳֽ̩ɽַƻһԲƳָһΡ
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ĽȻ书ߣ˵ãʵѵ֮͸һ

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͡һ磬Ϣʱһ磬һʯ汻ȥСȶӡ
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ʱţ籽ֱʿ֪³˫磬ɫ졣
ʮ¶΢Цؽ߳顱һ죬ңس𳤽һʿ
ʿɣڿһѪ顱һأһֱʮףײߵ̨ס
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ʹˣɫ䣬ƽͣŭϲһֻ֧ӣƽͿʮ
ʮﻺʿЦ۲
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ʿΪỤԼǶ֡
ᣬΪȻʦѧѷڲ׺ɣʤһ
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ͣһХһָײϰ籣ߴߴ磬ʧȥ
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Ľղһ֮ȻľΪɡ
޵֮ʩչСĴָ̫Ϊ̫ѩϵ
ΪԶĽʤһܵ֡
Ľ̾ʮͷŹգ
ʮҡͷߵɣҷɱɣ
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346 
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֮£޴ڣ뻤סʿҲܣʵɶԸˡ
ʮЦ߸̧˫֣£ŰС䵽ϣʼ
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ʮƣΪϲߣõķǴ뿪ȼʮʹǿᣬҲ׷ϲ
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ѿħڵķ洦󣬻ٿ۵ķ
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ʿ˫ֽӡׯ£Ľ壬޸ơ
ʿǳͣѵõе֮ʿɱ֮顣
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ԼȴǸʤһˮԼˮܼᣬǿ
ƴȼ֮󣬻һʦǿᣬ˵ҲطĿԼܡ
ԽԽƮڴС
ʮﴹ׻ңָһƬӰӣԽԽΧݷ׷ը飬Ϊĩ࣬е೾Աߡ
磬Уǳ
ʿ˫ֽӡ£ɫȴԽԽ죬ʹĽ̫أôϼˡ
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ĽһϺȣŷԣʨӺӴƾˡ
ʮﶯһ٣漴Żң٣ɡ
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գʮٶһվǽͷϣָȣŵټ
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ʱŨȻҷӿ¶ʿΣΪɣٿһС
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ʿӻͳһöԼаƴСӨתˣݸĽʦɽ£Ȼӭӡ
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ʿһ׵ƶ͸ˣʦأ
ĽʮһʿƮȻȥУĽۣ֮۹ƣʿһѾ
Ľ̾ʿȷʵתƮ߸УɢȥлָƽֻϧԳƽء
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347 
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ʦ㣬þòŮЦ绨һޱ˿̾ǸСʿ߯ûãκβʦ㣡
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ͬһţеֿټ֮Ϊһ㣬ƶš
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Ľü룬ȻԻͳһöžɽ
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֪УʮȥžĶҹͣɽϣ׷һ㡣


348 
Ľάʮ֮⣬룬Ȳžڹؼʱȣνѡ
иţǵħڵ׷ԼڰΪ沽Щá
һħڣԼӴ򹷣ʤ㡣
ħʦʦˣ֪ħķʦԼǲУֲһ֮עǱ硣
Ψа棬ؼʱϮһ

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Ľ֮۹ƣŮɴòһ˫ˮ٣֮䣬⻪תǡ
ζ񻣬̬ÿһŶ˷飬Ǹ˶̲ס··ԡС
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349 
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ӰһʧԭأĽǰѵĽؿڡ


350 
ĽһȭֱϹٺؿڣһȭõȭ裬ƿռ䣬ֱӻС
飡飡˼ͬʱжԷԷ˳ȥ
ĽһȭӴϹٺһƣҲȻĪ֮ͬʱƣҲͬʱжԷ
Էɣ䵽ϣһζס
Ľ³һѪ¶ЦݣϹٺҲۡ³һѪȾɴΪĿ
͡˺һƬ½½ѩϾһײ
⿪ɴϰײĽ

һŰ𪾧ӨĹüֱͦȻǼ֮ˣԸǿӰ졣
ĽԺĳһʣ绪
òν绪ǲɴԵµˣĶžټ˶ϹٺһȣȴѷɫһĬȻʧɫǾջĵԡ
Ϲٺ軻ϰ׽̧ͷòˣҪСУҿô
ĽЦЦ
Ϲٺ赭һЦ˿Ů˵ģòôûôϲ
Ľҡҡͷ֪
㻹ʵϹٺߣЦûôˣͶԶԶģ
ĽЦܰɣòǵһӡ󣬹ӣӣЩƫǰҲ̫ˡ
ߣϹٺ˫һһѵ
ЦһأҲԶˣ·ˣ
һسĽǰƻؿڣ˲伴Ӧʱ䣬ܡ
Ľܣİؿڣ͵һȭȭչ
飡飡ͬʱ˳ȥϴͬһޡ
ϹٺһƮɣӯϣ࣬ûˣĽһȭȥ;յģһȭˮС
ؿһƣƮƮģȴشʹ顣

Ľ³һѪ̾Ϣȥ֮ҪúòһѪˣǰˡ
ÿһѪǽû˳ˣһѪ³ָ糣
ԾԦ磬㣬һˣôصѪˡ
ܼ񣬲ˣһ߽ղ񹦻壬ĤڣʴߣԾԦ磬Ҳת˺
СӣٳһƣϹٺȣһĽǰĳ硣
ĽЦȭͷһҲϹٺĽǰ
ϹٺѾȭͷһײͬʱĽؿڣĽ˳ȥһֱʮԶ
ꡭ֦ۣĽȥ۶һζ֦Ǳ
Ľںݵϣһ¿Աһ̤ϣĨĨѪ
СͦӲٽһƣϹٺһ
ĽȻһһȭϹٺ豳ġ
Ϲٺ죬һһȭڿճǵˮ棬յˣѪһӿ
Ľת죬˲һ죬ָ糣ͬʱһʧԭأϹٺ漴֣ƻ˿մ
ʱĽʳָһ㣬Ϣ
Ϲٺ衰סһ£һ࣡һ죬·Сʯ䵴һ¡
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Ϲٺ˺󼸲Ѫӿŭһû뵽С˼֣һƷ֮ѡ
´۶ôصѪѪ֮ȴûһûʲô󰭡
Σίʵ˾ɵĻʲô湦ûʹ

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ĽһЦϹǰ̫д˰ɣ۵˸ѧɱɱģ
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ĽţȻһָߣǱߣ
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ʲôϷһϺص漴Ӱ£µʿվĽǰ
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վһʿߣһ񣺡մʦҲ
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λˣòãŨüۣޣ˫ȴտտˡ
վһɽ
ڰ֣һۣգ
СաĽͷȻվǰгɽ֮У֮ƾˡ
ͷţ
ʿɫʦ۵Ŀˣʦǵӵľˣ
Ľһʱ̾˭˵ʵ˲˵û⼸䣬ѷˡ
ͷ˫һ뵣Ϲٺ裬ôĵӣɽѲɣ۾ܣ۸
ϹٺЦһҡͷţӣ㻹ӣͱˣ
ϽҹĪҲޱ飬ɫ۹ĶƤ
ϹٺЦţӣĪҪ̫
Ҿ۸ˣ̧˫ơ

Ľզ࣬û뵽ǸƢһھҪ֣Ϲٺˡ
˵ȻϹٺʶҲףͬΪƽ̣Եɣܲϵãǲʶա
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˵Ż˺һ
չʦŹôˣ
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ŭԹԼǲܣûʲô׼ŹΣգһȥһΣбֵΣա
Ľ΢ЦصģѾӵˣϹǰСӡ
ΣգʿǱߣϹٺ˫۽ű˴ˣһ·ʯ
Ľ̾Ϲ书ߣĺǲ֣縰ظˣ
ʿҡͷʦ˵ŮϹǰһָݣܵûӣɱأϹǰϲɱˡ
ĽЦãɷǡ
ʦֵҲԺˡʿЦ
飡һ죬·һ£ĽתͷȥϹٺһ
ϹٺЦ裬Ҳûʲôñʧ
ߣ˴˱˴ˣߣ˫̧͵һԾ£·ͻɽƲӥá
ϹٺЦһȻӭǰȽȽֱײϷ
飡ײ
Ϲٺ£׹أ˸ͷٴߡ
Ϲٺ֮󣬽һţٴη׷Ϸ˫һģû٣÷ܽĻᣬһºݵġ
ߣ漴ƺߣڿУٿһȻƽƽһԶܹ˫ơ
˫գϹٺǰգӦ뵽һкУױԼУһ²УһʧȥһأҲûᡣ
ԽԽգȻһĽǰ

Ľһʿ粽ӭǰ͵һƳӭϹٺơ
飡һ죬Ľɳȥڿз˼ͷһѪȻƮȻء
ͨһѪֽھȥָ糣
׳⼸ѪҲЩϾǿᣬԴ档
еҩǲ֮ãûвѪġ
Ͼнղ񹦣£û뵽֣Ѫʵ⡣
סˣһΣһЩѪĵ裬ؼʱ̹á
ʿæӻͳɣһŵ裬͵Ľߣʾȥ
Ľһۣͷֱȥ
һСתɾһ񣬾ûʲôҲ£ʲôҲ£Ҳûʲôˡ
תͷʿʿǹеҩ󵤣ѪΣ
ܺáĽͷ
Ϲٺ裬û뵽˱ɣ͵ϮһЦߵҵҪЧһ
ϹٺʱһݣϢٴ͵ϮĽͷƮص棬Цʲô͸ʲôܵ
ħǱ㶪ҡҡͷ㻹һʦ
Ϲٺ赭һЦƺ⣺ţӣС书ȴȥ
Цϻ˵
˵һϹٺ裬Ϲٺ費ӲӲƮһָܿһ̣˹ȥ
ָʱʢƮӭʤա
ɫ࣬俴ơ

ֱ˫Ƶǰ͵һ˫ƣӭʱײһ𣬷顱һ죬ͬʱ˺󣬽·ɣýء
ţڴϣתۻʮԶ
Ľ죬λײ£Ľ˫۽ŷһһ
ڷû˵ʿĽ֪̳ܽӣȻԼѧҲǳ
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ԼʶϹٺΪӲӲԼǶ֣̫Զ
飡һͣ£һţٴγǰҪϹٺѪδָٸһơ
û뵽ϹٺǰһֻѾӡԼؿڣʱؿһơ
ۣ³һѪʱή
ϹٺһЦ漴һΣٴγڷǰƱģҪ
ĽȻȵˣ
Ĵָɫ֣أͼ䣬ֱӹͨϹٺ衣
ϹٺЦЦһ㲻ˡ
ЦָãСΪʹʹãֲôҲûʲô
ָ̾ħڣƾħڵָư䲻ܣҲ㹻ѹסۡ
ͷתۼһȴȻ˳ȥڿзתš
ڿУתͷĽȴĽ΢Цִʿ򣬻ģ
һָǱϼһָϵ£Լ߽Ϲٺ衣
Ϲٺڿ³һѪ顱һأļվȡ
ĽһָȫϹٺڣҩըѪλƲᡣ


351 Բ
Ľʿ΢ЦǰһΣָ̣
Ϲٺһһ
ҧû뵽﷭һС˵ȥòˣڷţӸǰ
ɨȥѾվ΢Цߡ
ߣٺúˣϹٺߣٿһʧԭأӰУͨɽȡ
ʿһæתͷʦҪɣ
ĽһΣ൹£Ц̫ãҪһˡ
ǺǣӢ۳꣡Ƕģ˽ǰĽ

ʿʦ㲻Ҫɣ
Ҫʲô۾һɣߵҽƾͼƣͰһУû뵽Сʦռȣ
ʿǲţ˰Σŵͷ
бһۣתͷЦСʦȥֹһߣţСʦۣ
ĽЦǾ߶ˣ
ֵľˣ۵Ķˣˣ
˵Żǰͷߣʿʦ߰ɡ
ĽͷĤϡޣֱʹ类ΣٶϢһٺò
ңҲʶһĪۡ
ɣΪʲôܣʹĽ˶档
ʿҼӣɽߣһңľԽԽߣԽԽ׳߿ɲ졣
أŵ漲ӣƣ·ߣʱ𣬻ǰء
ȻǰȻʣһ
ʦۡʿԺָŵۡ
ĽЦЦϸۿȥЩƾɣ߲Ժǽµĺۼ̨ףѥӲȹ
ǲǾʵЦ

ĽЦۣ
Цô룿ûʢ׳ۣ
ĽҡͷЦɣǰңɽڸߣ飬ˮ顣
һɽڸߣ飬ˮ飬ߣȥƣЦ
Ц֮У۴ŶʮƮۣӢ̤ǰ
ʦڵʿȭ
ˣȥ˵ڰ֣ʮ㡣
ڵʿ׷Ľʿλʦ֣մʦ
Ľ˺ʮһ΢΢һЦ
ﰵû뵽ʮʿͲ£Ϊȴˣ䲻ȴࡣ
ЩʿκһŵУǾ֣һʮʵʵˣʤ׺ɽ
ľˣҲˣ߰ɣȥ
ڵʿΪ񣬳Ľͷ͸ž档
ĽĲ£̤Ͼż̨ף˵ڣʱˬо˵
Ԫÿë׶ΧĿУĿ治ͬ
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Ҳƽƽ棬Ǵ᷿Щƾɣʰøɾ࣬
̨ԣһ¯̣紵ɢԺӣʹԺеĿŵ㡣
ĽɽſһۣķܹŹ֣ǡܴ¯ϣңķѾı䣬ǡ̴Ժӡ
ĽоȻγɣΪ죬Χһĵ޷ֱƫƫ
̾ƽƽ֮£۵ǲС
СʦȥϢһӣ˵
ǣʦʿͷĽ˶һ侲ҡ

侲Ҳ֮һһţǽдһġ֣
Ľһۣľ̳ɵĵذ壬ɢŵ㣬ذһɫڡ档
֣ҲȲէȥƽƽ棬㲻úãƽˮ׼ѣϸſȴһһһˮȪʯζ֮ľ
ĽִָᶯġԼġеζԼȫա
֣֣ͷ̾
ʿ״æʦǿЩ˹Ϣɡ
ĽתͷЦ˭дģ
ʿҲ֪ˣôдúܺô
ĽͷЦǺ֣д֮˵ν磡
ҵȥʦʿʦ°ɣȥˣʲôҪ͸кҡ
Ľͷã鷳ˡ
ؿʿЦ˳ȥš
Ľת֣ģ϶ΪһȫͶе⾳С
һƬϢȫޣʱ·ͣͲǰ
ȻĸϼӨת˫۲֪
ذߣվմһΨĵ粨ˣĪɣ
ԼһʱȻۣĿ磬ɲʱһ
ƮϣǴЦЦ󣬲ӣǺЦҡͷѡ
̤Ьٴȫѹ
һ̧֣͡һХһָǽԣžһ죬һСֱ͸˳ȥ
ǺЦ׺񽣣Ȼ鴫

Ĳ׺񹦲֪ͻϣﵽ˵ڰ˲㣬Բãˮ齻ڳһ壬Գһ塣
һ²׺ָȻΪĲ׺񽣣ԼƲû
׺񹦽һ㣬ӿ룬䲻ȫָȴָˣԣ׺񹦵֡
ת泩ԣůȪˮУǳеĸܣĽȪ졣
׺񹦵˵ڰ˲㣬ԲڵھŲ㣬ҲûķһԤ⣬Ȼ׺񹦵ʦҲûɲ׺񹦵ھŲ㡣
׺һԲתʱȪˮ죬ʵ泩ޱȣһֱת
ʦʿỽ΢
ĽһӣӶʿȻվ档
ĽЦްˣǰҪ˰ɣ
ʦҲˣҪˡʿͷ
ǺãȥǰɡĽ
ʿȻӣϸĽһۣϲʦ书ǲǣ
ĽǺЦŵͷǰøҵúܣ
ǿϲɺءʿϲ
ĽЦСнԶš
ʿҡҡͷˣҲǿ
ĽЦЦٷֱ磬׺񹦴ʵķԾָܻȷʵʿˡ
˳˾ңӣվſڣʿţʦʦ
աϵ
ʿŽȥĽں棬һӡ
ĽǼ࣬һһţһ壬бīֽ⡣
ϣָָǰţĽʿһ£ϥ
˫տտ뵡
´Ľۣͷţһɣ
ĽͷǣϹǰ֣ǳ

ǰֶУԼΪ档пĵͷϹٺ趯֣ǾһСģͶСǸģ
ĽЦǰԮʱûˡ
ֻ˵þǡҵˡҡҡͷ
ĽЦЦٶ˵
ͷѵãѵãѵãССͣز
ĽЦˣҸȣһأûʲô˲𡣡
ҡҡͷ㲻һС߳Ҿнɾͣض޵İɣ
ĽЦǰ֪
ߵ£Ȼ˲żüãܴﵽصģȴָɣ㲻ɵӰɣ
Ľͷǣ˲׺ͽʦա
աͷһСѾͷǲ׺ɵŰɣ
Ľͷǰϵüʦ
ţɡͷ̾´ϣˡ
漴̧ͷǲ׺񽣵ĵӣǲ׺񹦣Բ˰ɣ
Ľͷ
ǺЦСʦȷʵ׺Բǲ׺еڶˣ
ʿʣʦôǵڶˣ
ʦǵһˡһۡ
ʿЩ˼֪һ⡣
ЦеʣСʦ׺񹦴ɣһô֪
Ľҡͷ֪ġ


352 
飬֪İɣУҲʲôش
Ľͷ٣Ϊ֮ȫ֮˵һ
ǺЦۣﶼ֪еȴǵشڿڣ¼ֽϣ˲֪
Ľһ˫۾
ЦľˣҲ˽а
лǰĽʮһȻ

װڰ֣ڵҶԣ书ĩΪǹͣʾԼ
Ľһã书书йϵ
һߴˣ˶һǿ񣬷񡣡
Ľǰô˵Ǿѧ·Ӷˡ
Ŷ㻹֪ѧȻ
ѧ⴫ִеϸ֮ǲ֪аġ
Ľͷ˼ĵӪı
ø׺ɣҡͷЦ㵱Ƿ书鵱İɣ
ǡĽͷ
ȷʵͷѧȷʵڵ·ģѧѰ˸ףѽʩչǾѧ
ĽЦţ׺񹦺϶Ϊһˡ
ţ׳Ƭ̺ͷҲѹ֣˵ͨ
ʦʿ⡣
һֹ֣סĻŵΪѪ⣬ȴǴ
ߣѪ⣬֮֮ǳ֮һ֮ǾҲ
Ľü˼
ڵ裬ǵ֮Ӵɾǿ׳о仰˵úãƤΪ׳ζɺӣ
ĽͷΪȻ

üãרĹ򡣡
Ľǽղ񹦡
̾һղ񹦣û뵽۹ʦ֮󣬾ɣ
ĽǫЦЦңˡ
ǷҵĻԵҵи֮ˡ̾
ŵҲղкΰǷڷӣ֪ղ񹦣辫ķΪ˿ɼ
ڰ֣Թ;Ҳּ㣬һǵ֮п֮ǳ¾壬ͬ١
ĽȻ򣬻Ȼܣʱɷ
Щӣһֱ˼аȴҪ죬ԣپඥһͨͨ
ҡͷ̾Ϣǰѣڶˣȴ죬ǳУ侫֪ѡ
ĽͷȻԼĹվһͼУԡ֮Уëϴ衣
һǵǧɵõָͲһ
ǰһˣĽʡ
ҡͷ̾ҲҲ֪Ƿ
ĽЦǰˣҸˡ
Ѹٵ飬׺ǺЦ˭Ҳ˵׼ᣬָ㣬޵һνɣҪŬ
ĽҡͷЦЦ
ͷβѣмףͻ˵һڶˮɣѣ˵˵ľ飬סڸߴǳӽԽǽӽӦĻԽ󡣡
Ľ룬ǰؼǲǹ빦򣿡
׺ǺЦԣؼģһƬ϶ֱӦǳ֮Դٱ壬޳ɲ֮壬ȻԪɲԪ񣬷©ԪûĵĿ죬޳ɡ飬ȴԪ񣬽ɽ֮Ҳ֪ˡ

Ľ˼ǰһ֮·̨Ȼ̤ϣӿм֮飬ʩһ񣺡лǰָ㣡
ڰ֣ЦûʲôгɣۣܰԸӣ
Ľͷıݡ
һϯʤʮ飬һʤʮ飬Ǹ컻أ˸ı䡣
ĽƬ̣ǰô
ҿӿȻڶżˡ
ڶҪ޵ʲôأĽʡ
ڶɣͨϢҲɣɷ磬ƣ壬ˡ
Ľڲ֪
Խᵤڶ֮Ϊ֮Ϊ϶ΪһСᵤؾΪǳ֮Ϊ˴ǽУ̲γɲԪ񡣡
ĽЦҡͷѣ֪شһƪϵΪǵҵĵڿȴǴǳúܡ
׳Ƿҷţղߵ·ӶأιŹ֣֮ؾΪһ壬ֱ˴ˣȴ㷨ˡ
ĽЦǺã
Լҽеſ
ʦʿͶ
һۣĵҲ˴ģҿԼѣΪβԴķ
ʿЦҡͷԴķôףҲᷨش¼ֽˣմʦԴķʵΪˡ
ҿղãĻ۹ʦղ֮࣬ɼ˷֮֮裬ϧûԪɢ񣬲ܳ
Ľ˵۹ɮ˰Ȼɷ𣬹ȥƤҡ
ҡҡͷǷ֮𣬷Բ˰ҪȥƤңֻԪ𣬵ҽԪͬ棬ڵҿ岻ǵһڶԪ𣬵ǳڣȥȥУ硣
ֵֻԪ壬ңҿʤȫˣеʺ޷еʺ޵޸£ʺ񡣡

ĽͷЩʦʱིķٸݽ겵ȥЩ
̫֪ЩȴȥֻԼ
ҿ·ӣȰѽղԲȻߵǳ֮壬ȻԪ˵
ŵղԲˣӳ࣬㹻ʱߵԽԽϣ
Ľ˫۾ܣû뵽г֮Ϊƭģ֮󣬳ֻأ
֪ô£ӹֻأȴ¡
ΪѾǵһԲڶżιŹ֣ҿʵʵȰѽղˣܲɵڶߣһԾѧ
ǣлǰĽͷ
Ұ㣬Ϊο
Ľһȴûͷ
ɫȻ˫տտ촽⶯ʿȴֻĽͣͷ˼
Ƭ֮󣬷ʿס죬Ľ΢˫ۣһɫˮ
ʿ̾ܵʦ࣬ڴ£ʦĿһеˡ
յʱ䣬Ľۣ촽⶯ȴû
ʿ֪Ҳ˴ܵľѧʦ˵ء
ʱ䣬ʿ徻ûʲôʱ䣬Ľȴ촽ͣ
ʿҲû˲ǱԼǹأȥѧҲûΪ

ԼһӣĽͣסĽһ񣺡лǰ֮ûݲ
ڰ֣ЩԺͱ˵ȥתתɽķ羰׳úÿҲ
ǡĽͷ
ʿ΢ЦĽһ뿪
ɽȷʵ÷⣬ɽһѶȥޱ޼ʣ׳Ƿ
ɽ߷壬ӣƶˣ֮£ʿȥѩ겻
ѩ֮ϣһСݣʯͷƳɣΪª
ʦչءʿָСݡ
ԣ̹ǣ壬Ѫˡ
ĽȻǳԷڴ˲
ǰһǣĽʡ
ʿʣָָգ̫ҡ


353 
Ӧ̫ĽȻ
ʿͷʦ˵̫׸ӦһʱǴչأХѵóһء
Ļ̌ͷ죬ҡͷ⿴ףǺѣڶ˰ɣ
ʿͷţɣʦҷëϴ裬ףԶ㡣
ĽЦЦҡҡͷ
ʵҲɣûйվûĳɾͣվκ˵
ֱ׼ãһ˵Ϊҡ
ɽתתվ뿪žϹٺ֮ǿᣬʱˣȥҡ
ʿҲûֻϾ
Ľˣɽǡ
߱ŷϸĦ̾ǳ˾ǳõ
Լ벻Լ֪ѧԶҪ̣þиҸɵľѧš
ܴԼǾԼͣһԵգҲǳҲ

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߸УžھϢûȥţֱӽƮƮϢ
׺Բ飬ˮ⻬书һأת֮ʣ磬ṦˮǷ
һֱڹؿڣ۵ġ֣ģӶһͻƣǸֻǰĿ򣬲ˮɡ
ƮƮ븮УϢ԰С֮ϣС֮ͤУţÿСͤڡ
ĽһϷʱСͤ䵽ܣΧ˫䡣
ĽһЦƽ̣ˣ
һ״ƮĽǰĿ罣ϳˣ
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ĽЦɽȣԱѣҪֵòʰ
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ԱһЦ׺ɽʲôеӾ
ĽüͷһЦЦ¶ǲ׺ɽΪȻĪΪ׺ɽ书׽壿
׺ɣ߹Ӹ߸ݣӣĿһС
ĽߵҵҪֽһ
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ƽ̣ҵİɣ꺺Ӱڰֵ֣ĵ
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ʱţӵĶѾʲףԼӸʤһһŲøӣӦŶ¼
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ȳߵ˷ѣһΪ˳ͽıģҲǰһСæϾʦ
ŭһ׷£Ľһָܿ׺
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š׵ͷת뿪ˣָƽ

ĽЦݣ룬תȥ˶ߵĸլ˱ߵ¥ǰ¥ͣһǰϢ
ž͵ţһϮ׶оװ񣬾µ͸Եġ
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ĽĻǹУ̣޲⣬Լ书ȴҶ֡
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˼ҡͷûͷҿͲ󣬵书
˼Уͷæʡ
˼˼ĿˣͷֻһС
˵һҲûֹͷɴ۾
˼Ӻףͷǣÿ죬Ҹ֣ͱˣ˳ȥȻƴܣܻ
üһǸ֣ͷ¶飬ߣתͷСбȣĸ
˼Ľͷɡ
ͷӼۣɫЩѿ
ĽüϣŴɵľӢӣ
ͷһһǸӢųԵһֵķɽɱˣʲôӢ
ĽЦֲԻСġ

һңһһ䣬ĽԾ죬û뵽˽֡
ͷ룬صĸֿĸ硣
Ϸһ£ҡͷˣԲ
Ƿȥջû³Ľȥһơ
ĽȻҲʶһ¸֡
Բ׺񹦴ɣʮ㣬˽ĳ嶯׺ǳϲָо
ָᶯ£˵˸оȷʵ˳ԣֻԼ㣬޲ò׺ǿ֡


356 
б죬¹ࡣ
紵ĽǣȰڴԭƮΪһ̣һ򣬵ƳǲԶ
ûвӥĽ˷΢źƳ⣬ȻһХ
Х飬ɢֱԶƳǡ
ĽХе֮ʮ㡣
һХһӰƳǳǽԾ£ƮأƮƮת۹˽ǰ
ӰߴڼףͷڿΨ¶һ˫ӣ䣬Ǻӥװ硣
ĽܵԷѹԵƣɷʮ㣬ĺ

Ľüɷɱ֮ףĿ磬ûĸ飬翴ˡ
󣬷˼
ʲôˣĽʵ
һ紵ƮѣһƮȻĸɮ緶
ߴͷﴫɱˣ
ĽƶϵóԼʮ꣬긻ǿһ˵۷״̬
Ľǰ죬һλۣͬǵðɣ
ߴߣÿ춼ɱˣܶס
˵է䣬Žų嵽ĽǰⱼƷǣȭͷֱĽؿڡ
ĽһƮƮһ
ߴŭһȭͷһȭȭ磬ƿͣƫƫȭͷûҲûо磬ǿҵķȭԵù졣
˹ȭ͵ϮףӣѷһĽӲӡ
ó˵йŹ֣Ҳ˹ȭھж֮ء
ĽȻ׺񹦴ɣĤĵȴҴ⣬Сʻ괬֮ԻʿһСľͻԸͷ
ߴһ˶ʮУĽԼ·
У£ߴЦĿ͸ܡ
ĽЦЦǺãСˣ
һͬʱ̧𣬴Ĵָ

ָͬ͡ʱ䣬˲иߴӣ̫֮ʹҲġ
顱һ죬˳ȥ
ĽʳָءһָײϿе
࣡һ죬һѪؿڽỬһɣƲء
Ľջ˫֣أ׺˹
΢˫ۣղŽΣܽʧ׺簵һ㣬ùؼʱãǿ
ؼǣԼţתٶǳңʲ׺ٶ죬ԭ
û׺񽣹Ȼǿᣬȴû£˲Ϣ޿ɱܣȷʵɱš
󺺸ǰͷ¶ݣȴһˣһ
Ľ۾侲һƬĮȻ
Ľ̾ϢһʳָһһУסͷȻƮȥ
洫ŭ
Ľ书Ա֮ʩǱ˼ĳȴûɱû书Ѿûв
Ľ쳤ХУƮȥת۹򷵻ǣֱӴǽӪ
ջӪԼݣͷǺȻΧס׷״ղŵΡ
ĽЦ׳ͷһ˵շ书˼˳
ϵͷãöԡ
ﲻСӣͷ졣
ĽЦû书Ҳ˶񣬾һɣ
СУдȱĳͷбһۣȴٶ˵Ͼдȱĳʲô¡
ң˵书ˣûսҲ㱨˳

ӣĽӪղ񹦣ͨĤѹӽιǡ
СѾմһͬչء
һգĽд󣬼ϺȻգ˵ˣҲᣬίˡ
ĽЦϱ˵뼸λʦд裬ǳ̰Ĳ㣿
ϳƬ̣һ׹רǵģ㲻ϾҲаѧſ
ǣлϡĽԥĽܡ
֪뿪ʣĽϣϵ׹Ҳûȫſɡ
뻳ͳһᣬݸĽ
ĽӹˣƵľᣬ˵࣬һذˣѾڣƱѬԼдһ֡
ϸ˿ǻ֡
ϵҽлԹգרǣǿЧϸ첲ȣˣ㻹ᣬ
ĽЦãһᾡԡ
ҳһЩĶι״ܹﵽ˷·Ϊһԣչ
򣺡գúɣⱾЩͷҲѹ׵Ĺ򣬶ͳ
Ľ¶Цݣϣôɣ
ЦһΪΣܣЩ򲻴㣬ǿû
ĽЦŵͷˣӹˣ
ŶȥɣЦŰڰ֡
Ľʩһվ뻳Լӡ
һݣǰ򿪾ᣬʼϸϸжϸĦ
ͼ٣ÿͼ¶оҪҪûʲô´
Ľһ飬סˣӡԺȻʼ

һͼ򵥣ִۣ˫ȴưأ˫֮輫Ϊ͡
Ľԣ书ǿᣬȴ㣬һʽúܳҪˡ
ûżչȴûǿԭͼһ֪Ķã
ЩΣһʮ˸жʮ߶ʮ
Ľʮ˸ֻ֮չ泩ԣڰĦÿһ⡣
ϲȻѰ书
ļ죬һֱԾУѳȫˣﵽ׼һ硣
ʱᣬһ֣ٽɿ죬ʤղ񹦡
ʼʱһֱĤͨļѹ˻Ծٶȸ졣
ѰͶȴûʲôЧһʱˣ첻ָֻԭ״
ԾȴͬͨĶעһһ߽߼ߣȻ졣
Σһ磬ʹˣˣȥ
жεĶѣʼ֣ȫΥĳ򣬻ߡ
޳εĻһεĶɣ࣬ѣȴǲܡ
ʮʱ䣬жΣֳһ硣


357 
죬Ĥһֱڽϣһӯ֮仯⽻
ʮжΣӯƤһȭȥʲôסҵ˵ʮ󾢶о
߶ʱȴüѣô˳Щȷʵ̫ѣ޷ȫԽ˵ļޡ
ƣЩøĽжΣ߶ΣԲöжΡ
⼱
Ѿϲղ񹦽죬ȥ˵߶Σһ磬֮ϲ

峿䳡д裬֣ѾӦ߰˸ߡ
ʱ֮Ъսһ˵
˼ͺˣͣǰûʲôĽ̾һˣôصˣǰ֣Ӱ
ȴܰȻǰӰ죬Ȼ־ᶨҲȷʵףĳɾҲ̫͡
糣ĺͰЦеĵգ쿪ʼûȥˡ
Ľһϣ
̾˿һЩӣͳЩϼһѹױ£ɼƻû仯졣
Ľɨһߣʣǳʲô£
ɫأҡͷ̾ϢߴѾ˵ӪҪȥ֧Ԯ
ӪĽʡ
ϵͷٴ£Ӫܣ᧿Σȱֻܵǹȥ
Ľüôᡭ
ԣӶϵãԶȴϣͣĴ̡
̾ڴǰдǣƣᣬȴͶ̫겻֪ôˣǾ֣ίʵŹ֡
Ľü룬ʣʱ
ϵƾ죬ʲôβ촦ˡ
Ľͷǣлϡ
ǻֱӻӪɡϵ
ĽͷˣȻڵأؿһͷǱǵĽ̻֮
Щ꣬ͷֵСУһף˱ߣɱǣǶ͹
ĽЦϷģһɱУ
˵գХһ䳡һӰ࣬Ӱת۵ǰӯѸݡ
Ľһȭȥ

ӰԭӪչ˲㣬ǴӪʱܿĽ
ӰٶԽѸݣһ֧ʸӪǣǣǰʱ
˿һӰӣԼǱڵΪǻþ
ǣҲûͣǳţǣ̫կ
Ӱɽƽأȵٶ죬Ṧָ֣ܿ쵽̫կǰ
̫կģɫʯͷݳɵĸǽԼɸߣ鲼Сۣ·ĵﱤɭȻ̡
ӰյǰءһХһ֧ʸ䵽ǰһ˴ʣʲôˣ
Ľͨһհݼկ
ûϢĽĳӰǰ㣬˻ͷҪȥһ㡣
ǳƢҲˣǳƣЩܲס
ܿ죬կŴ󿪣ʮ˴ӵУһɫװЦųʦô˵
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ĽЦկ
ЦʦϽɣ
ĽɨһˣףʮУǸ֣ûо֣ȴҲС
¾ûã˶ĸ֣

ĽǣųӰ̫կֻկоһС򣬷ɽϲʱС֣ɹ̫
ŰϢĽתͷЦȻܸɣưܵկ
Ц绨ܽأʦҲûʲô
˰Ծ²Ľݣկһ򲻹ЦòȴˣȻ
ңֶ书ǿկ䲻ٵӵܣǰսսҴ
ΪһСŮˣǶɴ۾ţû뵽կôһ棬Ǵ۽硣
ǴһϱɽĴǰһƽ̹䳡нߺʮ㣬
ĽѳӰſӣӰ˸ǣȻԵõ߿ˣֱߣǱ̲ɽ¡
ĽЦЦ뷶һ˴
ٽǰһֹ֣ͣڴ⣬˲ȥĿ⸴ӡ
Ľ뷶˴վŮϥ񣬷ڰ֣ȥõĲ
ǡŮò㣬㲻˶ȴ˳ۡ
ŮȥˣĽЦȷʵͬˣȷʵһ
ЦѽҲúܺãûڡ
Ľۣ˿ֻЦЩǷܻٵǮʲôʱģ
կԭĲʦģһֱ͵£鷳ġ
ĽЦ׽˲඼ˣҲ̫Сģôô
Ц֯֯潨һշѵĵطҲĻš
ЩֺδĽЦʡ
£Ա߼կӵ
ĽЦ˵Χկӣֻ̫կˣ
ҡͷЦկӻڣ
ĽǺЦŵͷһúܡ

˵һЩΣʣʦȻǰңʲô¡
۲ת֮⣬ĽȻĶæת۾ǺЦҪˡ
ߡһȻȥ
Ľ˾飬йֻ׼һ֪
ͷ
ĽҪȥߣƵһܻ
ȥ̣΢䣬üҲ˵˱ߵϢ̫ƽӪܡ
ŶĽȻ
ϢͨҲڳɢһЩ̽ӣĿҪԴ
Ľͷ¶ɫȷʵһկ֮֮ʣ²ˣǰ;
üҪ˵Ůӯӯϲյ
ŮȻȥŵһζ׺ݣǣΧ֮֡
Ľͷ̾û뵽һζģ
ΪдڣһֱϾ˼ܣʹҲСС֣һŴ󺹣ᷢ
һȴȻ죬ֱӴϮһٹǣɼñȻ𾪷ǳ
ʦ񣬸ԣųµڶһҪСģСģ
ĽЦİգӲúܣҲѡ
üչһǡ
˵书ǿǿһʱɳϣɽ˺ʹи书Ҳ޼£ȫ⡣
Ľ״Ц죬̫࣬ˣһ㣬Ǹ𣬶æ
ʲôæʦԸˡæ
Ľʮ֪ɣ
΢䣬ͷȻ֪ʦķ

ĽЦЦװû̫׷ɱһ㣬һ𡣡
ðʲôˣʡ
Ľҡͷ̾ħڵˣɣСʲ¶Ϣ
ħڡҡҡͷû˵
ĽһŮװ©Ϣ鷳
áͷ
ʲô鷳ΪҪȥ׺ɽĽ
Цİգ׵ġ
ĽЦҲףϲɺء
¶Цҡͷ̾ҲǱΣֻƴüԦסǡ
Ľ룬Ҵһطգؼʱ߷Ǳ
æҡͷطᴫ
һ׹أǲ֪ô书ʱ뷢¶ģܴˡ
Ѱ书ˣοطĸأĽΪѡ
ĽЦطɣʹ㣬ҲûʲôֻҪǰй¶ͺá
ģɡ
ĽЦƭҵıط𴫳ȥ׷֡
ң̾Ϣһңɼ
ʵǿᣬұȣСΰɽ֮ԶĪ
Ľ촽ᶯʩչ֮ҵط
ط÷ã䲻ȼȴҲʩչ


358 ʹɱ
Ľ˾ĿУƮȻ뿪̫կųӰתʧ˸ǰ
˸ڷĿ뿪Ȼ
˵ɻ󣬰ڰ֣ɢ˰ɡ
ε̾ϢǲʣȴΥֻ뿪ԻصԼԭȥ
ϼʢԦǲŮӶӣɨΧʮկƣʹҲ
ڶ죬̫կһλˣݣò񳣬һָףһָկ⣬һŷ緶
Աţܿ췶˴ӵԳӭ

֣֪λ˭ܵկӭģݶǷͬСɣһλУһˣʵں֮
˵ҲҶʣһͷԡ
կȵ̬˵ֽȥλկݣǲá
˽˴ڰ֣ɢȥˡ
Ž㣡ˣЦеĵû뵽ǻ棬ء
Ӹ΢Цãȷʵɡ
΢ɳƣŮŴԣڶޱȡ
ʣʦѾ𣿡
ӵͷ۲˸̾˵뿪һߵ̫æ
Ȼž磬ױΪһӣΩΩФȻǵһôˡ
ܶħôãЩֶȻָơ
Ҳ֪᲻¡̾
žҡͷЦЦҪģ´úܣûɱ
Ľ˵ʦУ޵У˸֣ں˶ˣûɱ
̾书ǿɳ̫ͬ࣬һСģһ֧ܶ
žҡͷ΢ЦѰָ֣书֮ߣѰ˿ɼİգ
Ҳֻˡ̾˿üչ

¡¡죬УٶʿУһڼףɭɭΧ޷ɢ̼ӡ
ʿ֮ǰһ֮⣬ĽʤУ棬ϣ˫۹Σӥ
ĽڳӰϣλмλãȻԵãʤ˵ĽŽȻ෴
ӰҲȻĺܣʱһǣСܣЩĵζʤ˴Ц
·ǰʤĺԱߣС󣬰˷ֳţʮԶ
ʤ̾գҲ֪ʲôܸϹȥ·Ҫǵ
ĽЦͷӦÿˡ
ʤĺߵ߷Ҳиֱ֣б壬ٶܵҪȵߣ
ĽЦЦûжԣ̧ͷ죬ֻӥڸ߿
ʤȻѹҿ˿ĵҿξʱ䣬һȥ
ĽЦδأξ㣬е֪Ϣ٣һĨڣֻܴô࣡
ðɣʤε̾
Ľı£Ӫ˶ֻ֪Ƿ̫ծ˲ٴ󹦣ȴΡ
б;ηǿߣĽһСȴС
һ鱻ɳ̽·Ҳġ
Ľвӥȴһֱûã˫΢֮ʣʮ֮ڣԺг֣ţ˼д
ȻŲæ˵ȥ̫˼ͽǷգ͵ûˡ
ңһǣǻĴ͵˻кս֮ϣ͵۹·Ű˷һз紵ݶ;
ǰһϻرûʲôһʱرһΣҲС
һ·ö࣬ϲʹ

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Ľһ˴һԭأȻϾҪˣʱĽɫȻһ䡣
ڵֱȻɫȻһ
ôˣʤߣ״æʡ
ĽˮͷǼӿٶȣǰжˣ
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ʮĽü壡
ʤɫһ䣺̵ģ壿
ĽͷǱߣ
༸Ѿͣ£ָķȥк̣̫壬ûĽָ㣬ǲע⣬ĽָΪǷ
ӣȥ֪ͨξʤæ֡
·æӦһϣ
ȥʤʣУ˵ô죿
Ľˮȥǣ
ãʤͷ޺޵̵ģ˵ײУصҪʶһأ
ĺһ£Уͷǲһȣ
߸˶Ըʮ˵Ľ书ǿ̫ðգĴһϣһʧ
Ľͷţͷȵһȣȥ
ʤæУһȥ
Ľڰ֣ӹĺϵļע⣬ɱˣһӣгӰڣ˲ңһ𣬷׸ôˣ
˵գʤ˵һĳӰӰ˻һػΪһʸ˳ȥת۹һСڵ
ǿĿɿڴ֪Ӱ죬û뵽Ӱô죬ӰһֱڹΪͷԼ򵥣רעһʽ죬ٶһףš
Ӱɿ죬⼲ۣһĳ˻㷢죬ЩӣʵڱܾܣùǺ

ĽļԶԶһС壬Ũ̹ҽһХ
ӰΪһӰӣת۵СǰѾʮվС⣬ԶԶסСΨһС
ҪС壬ֻӲȥûб·
ĽƳһۣЩɫףò죬¡ۣɫǺɫɫ
Ľһ£û뵽˾ģΪһ㣬ܲġ
û뵽ⶫ˵ģȻͬ֡
ͣͣͣͣɻȣĽ֣һ֧֧ʮ˾֮Уҽء
׼Ľû뵽ôԶõ
Ľ۲ֱͣӳȥʮʿмڵϣӰȻһԾڿпʮףֱӿǣ˴ӡ
Ũ̹ĴȼգĲҽŭЦһ
Ѫе촦еСˤŮ˹ӣ״ҡ
ĽɫһԾ𣬱۾ӣڿУͣ糤۾һϡ
С岻Ľٶ죬ת۹Ѿͷ嵽ͷˣһûŹ
ļԶ׼˴СǸ޻֮ûȷĽѾˡ
Ľ۾֮۸ӣһ©
ʤǸϵСʱеĶ˽мأȴûбɱв״Ľôס
˲˵ɱСߵɱûԣһɱˣ̫ǡ
ٶʿСǰеĲ״˫۵ɴ󣬱Ѫ죬ŵŵĶˣ޲˺ǡ
ξһվȺǰˮɫ䣬Ϊһ壬ѷֱ˴ˡ
ĽƮξɫأξһ©ˣ˰ɡ
ξʿ棬һˣȥˣҶ޺ۣһˣȥЩŪ
ǣվȭӦ

һߴ࣬룬ʿ棬һ׳գĿҶ޺ۣ˽˧ưˡ
ѸСУҶ޺һ죬һһӵͷȻ󷵻ȥҡ
ת۹ʮ˱׵һƺмĲλǣܶ
һ˽Ѿȣʱ䳤ֻȻʮˣĽ̫ɱβ
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̣ϰܿ࣡ξҡͷ̾
ĽѲɣǾûԣ
ԣξԳҡҡͷʹԣɱϼҲĥƽˣֻ֪ɱ¾
Ľô˵Թǣ
ξҡͷɱǵİգȻҪ𣡡
ξδǣĽָЩʣ˫տտ
ξʣ㿴أ
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Ľļ̾ͷһμҼöˣûʲôˡ
Ľѹзڵŭ𣬻ܱգҪǾ˺ã
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ĽĬȻһӪ֮ܣȻ۽ĲǾˣǰգЩ޴İա
ǱɱĽŭڣΪѹֲס

ѹ£ʹԼһеĶͱɱɾ
ξˣЩǧУԴ
˺ȻӦ׷ǰ𶫳ʿɱȥʱҽڶ
ĽζȻתٿз𾭣ǵزʶˡ
ʤߣ̾УǴ̣Ҫ˵ģ벻ˣͲͣĴʤ̣öҰ
Ľͣоߵɱգԣ
ʤߵЩ˶ʲôöǴܣɱ˾ɱˣ޲ðǴܵ˶ɱˣ
Ľ˿붫ֻһܶ档
ʤˣǾҪǣǴܽ壬Ƕûͷ
ĽĬȻٴεͷоӿֱȥ
һƽղŵѪϢȥƽͣͷ׷һ˶ˡ
ͷţξһĽе
Ӧ׷׸¶˵ͷҵϣȻʬףȥѾһʱ
·ϣ׮£ɱգĽҲǳǰͷǰ棬ɱøɸɾ
һ·ɥµģˣһӪࡣ
ʼʱĽܷŭ죬˺Щľɱһֻ졣
ξǿĽĿЩˣû뵽̶ֳȣһ˵ֵһӪ
ɱɱɱɱס


359 ս
ĽƽϢΪͣ˺ɱŵ΢ЦɱϷ
ΣΧ﷢顣
Ľ̬Ȼ״ֱ㳡棬̫ǿңԾʧѹ
һ֧֧ʸָƽЦԼڼ˽ԣǳħȻʵڡ
һħ㲻ˣЩɱ֮նħ

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Щ˶֣Ľ£ûü壬Ѿ£˺Ϳ
ĽֺԶ׼ǹԸذס
ĽҲͷֱӷָˣһ·ÿ϶ϵһͷԽˡ
ϧû˿ţһ·Ĵׯ̣ǰˣǱɾУ﷢
Ǽӽ紩һƬռ
ĽСģʤǰͷһֱ΢۾֮۸ӷԲʮ
ʤ̸Цɡ
ųЦǺǵĵͷкڣʹɣǵɽˮˣ
ʤЦСӣҲ̫ˣһսҪСģ
Цʡã
ĺЦеĵԽԽиɮ緶ˡ
ɱ̫ࡣ谸̾
ʤб˵вɱˣǾҪ
ӣǸĽѧϰߣͷ˵һɣһ֣ôﶼմմ֣Ȼһ˶ϣ֪ǳҪԴģ
⵹ʤ룬

׷Ľߣû˵ʮĽۣתͷͷ
УС̸ղŸ˵˼仰Ҿʤ
Ľ¶ѯ顣
ʤ÷һ֣˶ɱˣ⣬Ҳñ˺ҪȻﶼΪŧء
ĽŵͷָָԶ֮⣬һˣʮ
壿ʤһ
Ľҡͷȥ·ϰɡ
ʤһɨһĽæǺãһȥ붼ξ
ģȰסУҪɱֵģǶһ̡
ĽЦЦʤĿģãȥ档
һӰתʤ֣˳ȥת۹һ·˺ξǰ
ξڶǰͷ˱ֱɣ೾ȴڲס
Ľ˹ξǰӭ
סʣգ
Ľͷǰͷﴦһʮ
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ĽҡҡͷͷˣҶ֣˵üʶһ¶ˣд⣬ǲǣ
ǶеʶξĿʤͷҲд⣬ðգһСӳ
תȵﳤϹ
ӣзɳʮˣǰ
ξԸһһھٵͷʤҲȺУϸרע
ĽһĳӰӰߵ·ԣſݻƵĲݣżһڣ޷ǳ
Ƭ̹󣬺ξҺ£ɢ˰ɣ
˷׷׹Ⱥбýš

ξϣվȺǰ˫Уɨˡ
Ŀʿ׷ֱͦͷܣһɢɭɭơ
ξĵͷڵֵǣǰһӶӣʮҪȥɱӣǴܵİһأǲմͷʵûƤǴԼɱһ
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ξѹѹƣΪǲֵһᣬɱ֮練ƣǾʹش
ԶЩӹԩǣûǱ£
ŵӪļһҲǳصģѷǣܴӪСƣ
˳Ĭξһ£ȣҲ̫ţˣʮˣĸһǾͷۣҲв
ȵҪ˵ǣҪȫԸĪҪ⣬˭ˣ˭ûͷã𣿡
ˣ˺ȻӦɡ
ĸһʮ㣬ң϶Ŷ˵ͷǵ׳ûö˶¡
ξĵͷһ֣ã԰£
ʿʱɢһƬƽԭش֣һһңֳĹɣС
ʤУξյУ˻⣬ߣǾܣߡ
Ľͷţá
ǴߣԼĽͷͣסۣ˳ӰƥСܣС
ʤ¶ЩţϾǵһֱ涫ųµڶ񣬾˵
תۼԶ˶ʱתߣӵü죬Զע⡣
ʮͬʱˣ״׷ٶȼ죬Ҳǳ񿥡
һ׷һܣת۹ܳһԶ

ʿСģ¡¡𣬵ǳһתͷȥ·ԶĵĹǰֱ
״ңس塣
Ľ֮۸ÿһ˵׶ޱȣӪһ˧ʿҧ͵ĳǰһָȵӭȥǣǱɱ
ɱʿ׷׳鵶һƬ٣ӭϳĶ
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ĽһĽ£ӰΪһӰӣת۵˶óһѼԼ֧֧У֧ҡ
飡飡飡飡
ײһ𣬵˸Уʮʿ׹У򷭹Զӹ㡣
Ľ΢۾ѩһû
ʿգ첱Ӵ֣û뵽׹ĶǴʿ׹漴ַս
һ·磬ʿ䵶£죬ʿӵЩӲס
ңʿ񣬲ȡͬھʯƣֻɱУʿһ±ѹȥ


360 
̵ģʿȣӣˣ
ƽʱʱ򣬴ʱۣۼҪֲ֧סµˣҪơ
Щ׶ӣۿɼٶǰ壬޲ȴס
ĽңַſԹۡ
ɱɱɱʿ˻𣬳Ӷƥնһʿ־һ
ⶫʿ䵶磬ٶ죬ȴǸ֣˵뵶ײ죬һʱѷ¡
סˣƣ·硣

˵ʵգ۹
ʿŻҼףסؼλȲϴʿܣȴ㣬֮׳䵶ٶȼ졣
֮£ӪʿЩ׾ֱᣬţֵס֣ɱȥ
ǰͷĶʿߣһӪʿʱϲۼű졣
Ӫʿѵ⣬׷ʿܳȥƾǵ֮زز
ͣͣͣͣͣ
ХӪʱһһ
顭ʿϻ׷׷ɵ⣬׹·һԣ֪
Ľļףէ죬ӦѾϣʿһ⡣
ʹеֱоΣգֻܲʵķɳȥ
ʿǴУԽ䵶磬Σա
ĽɫƽγһӰӣһ֧֧γļ꣬ʮͬʱ
顭಻ʿǷ׷׷׹ĵԣ޵ֿ֮
еĶʿתժ¹ҪĽǱйֻǵ䡣
ժ¹ҪңĵǴɡ

ת۹ʮ֧ѿգӪǰֻʣʮƥ˻Ͽյûˡ
ЩܵĿͬԵĿҲͬͷЩĽȴ࣬Ҳ࣬ЭûԵĿÿ
Щȴѷڴ󺹵ı㣬ٶȿ죬ܵԶԶ
̵ģʿһݺݵˡ
ʮӪʿͷ
ǶӵˣʿһĽǰȭգлˣ
ĽҡͷЦЦƮ磬ٿһʿǰͷָһ˸ǰֵָָɺ״
һʮʿɫò԰ף޹⣬ʮΣʿֺ
غʩչʮΣƣ룬ģǹƣԪġ
ĽǷЦףȻʲôд۵ģΪοغ棬ԭԪ
񣬻ֲЩĵԪ񣬽
һԪһȣأֵ壬Լģйվ˽ݾ
ҡҡ׹ɫ԰ֽʤǼæǰеУУ
Ľڰ֣ʾ˲شСֱ֣Աһݵϣϥ˲Χ֡
һʮ˴ҴҶǰͷĺξɫࡣ
һιָʧû뵽ⶫʿûĽ֣˳ȥ
ٶԸʮ˻ˣǻûˣҲȥӪ֧ԮֱӴظ
Ľǰʿǰݺݵһۡ
ʿǺ죬ͷ
Աξݺݵ
ǡʿæӦźξԱǰ

мҽæžԱԭؾΣ˲ƶλãξǹǲᣬԸæġ
ξʣ˶ֵܣ
һҽǰԻҡͷξֻˣû
һûۣξһ
ҽͷŹֵúܣˣȴһţʢҹƶͦ
Ŷξ¶Цݣô£
ʿǲģҿղŵ˼ˣԼ۵ùǺܲסˡ
ҽͷӦһط
˫۷Ź⣬鼤ط˵ûҲţżʶˣܵôطʹصˣҲҪ
ʿЦҶ޺ۺߵ쿪طᴫ
ҽʱ޾ɣͷǰطض˵õö˻ǲ
⴦СУвܣξߵͷˣϢ˭Ҳ׼˵ȥ֪ˣϸǵƤ
æͷǣξǾ죡
Ƿ׷תĽɫ԰ףһţɮ붨
ʲô򣿡Ҷ޺üĪķ
ξǰһλи󣬴һЩǷŵͨɡ
˻Ȼ򣬾Ψзޱߣͨ
һʱЩԱ׵ˣ˼͵ϣȻǰ
ĽҲϣʤΧԣСĵıԱȵĶ
Ǳ˷ףԼǱȡ
ʱ˺¾һϮӿ糱ˮҪûԼ֮ʣһ˿ȻѭסĿڣԲͦԼģһ
Ľɫ԰ֽһϣһ

ʮĽȻۣͣ
ǰͷϳһʿæһʤæǰУôõ𣿡
ĽüξѶǰе飬ͣ£
ʤɫ֣أæӣ죬ȥξ
·ӦһҲԾͽ˳ȥһֻӰȺܿ׷˺ξ
ܿͣ£ξһĽգ岻Ҫɣ
ĽҡͷЦЦˣξǰˣҪһˡ
ξü٣Զ
ĽԼ߰ҡ
ξ룬ñһܷͷˡ
Ľ̾ǱܿΪ
ξ޺޵ĵ̵ģⶫȻ鴫ʿ棬Ҷ޺ۣ
˧еĿһĽתξξ
ǰжˣ򲻴ãξбʡ
ʿɫǺ죬ͷξҪ򣬾͵
Ҷ޺ҡҡͷǴ򲻹
ʿתͷĽգ㿴أ
Ľ̾˿ֵǲܰװԸҪԶ١
ţʿæͷ
ξ޺޵ðɣǾͶһ㣡գߣ
ĽϱһָǱӣȥɡ
ãǸһãȥǱߣξڰ֡
Ľչ첲Цξȥɱ


361 ݺ
ξɫԾɲ԰ֽҡҡͷҿ㲻̫ã鷳
Ǿǡʤæͷ
ĽЦֻ岻Ҫ˵ɱˣء
˵ξҡͷȻš
ĽЦ̾Ǻ׽һЩˣǴˡ
šξɫһ
Ľ̾ȥԿΪܾһһ
ξɫòʱ̧ͷһĽ
ι˿쳷ˣų̾һðɣԿҲãȫһǿ
ĽЦŵͷξģǸϧģ

ʤæУǸһɣ
ĽҡҡͷͷҸ׽Բأһ㣬гӰȥ㡣
ʤļô죿һ˿ɴ̫ļ
óӰһЩǡĽЦ
ǺðɣҪСģʤεĵ
ĽЦģ򲻹Ҿܡ
ξգɢˣֱȥӪϵ·ɣ
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Ľӣ˸ǣʵ
ʮռ࣬ףĽȰϵж£ŵϣָһ
Цξͷдİգȥ
˵գһһȭһЦУӰ˻ȥתʧҰС
ʧʤҡͷԸǴ鷳
İգгӰڣ˭׷ںЦ
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ЦͿöټǼûһգһһˣ
ܰɱˣ·ʡ
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ʿǸɫף̣һ֪Ƕˡ
ڶм䣬˱ӰŸ첲һǿʿǣԼһٶˡ
Щ˶꣬꣬ߣĽ·ãӦԭˣ˶̭ˡ
ЩģݹᾣƼݣĿľĥû֪Ͱ
Ľ侲Σŭֻѹסˡ
ԶԶһξ룬ۿȻһӰ뿪ܽԱߵĲݵأб򱱱ߡ
ܳ·Ȼһۣܣǰﶫ
ٶʿβЩɢĽȴӣûнյĶΣϸļɣȴη
ĽһҳӰᣬٶ죬գǰûӰգһۺ󣬳Ӱ⡣
ŷʱʮˣӭĽ
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Ľһվסˣǹһ˦ǹϵѪ˦䣬Խߺޣɱɭɭ
Ľվǡڼ⣬ûףŲˣʮʿ
ûĽӶǹһţγһܣԼӰС
ƾ£죬ûһ֧մ
ĽЦԺбʮʿҡҡͷ

ƣʮʿŭУγ䵶ת۵˽ǰ䵶磬ͬʱ
ĽЦУǹһɨǹĨ˺һɨӹ˺
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ǹĨɣǹȴһմǹ⣬类ɣʱԡ
ת۹Ľʮʿֻʣ¹ĿһƬˣ̳һʻĽվڻĴ
ĽЦҡҡͷתߣƺѾ㣬򹻱˾ͳ
һֱЦǹ̬ʵг졣
ʮˣʿԸ⣬ߣʱһٶ˳˳ȥֻʣʮ˿ء
Щ²аˣƼݣǸҲòסʿǲģ˼ȫԶ
ĽаˣЦӰٶᣬƺܣ¶ٶԽԽ죬Խ׷Խ
Ľʱƺżȴʩֻƴٲû죬ʿǹЦ֮ƿĵĲ״
ǰԸʮʿʱǵţЩʿûӰµٶȡ
Ľ°ЦװøΩΩФʱͷǣȻ䵽ϣȴȫӰûһо
ԾļԦ¯̬࣬ʿû
ģ׷ˣԽԽңʿ׷״¡
ĽǹγɹܣסԼӰܼȴûд͸ܣȻ
ʿǴŭꡣ

Ľһ߻Ӷǹһ״ͣĴӰٶȲʿ׷ԽԽ
ĽΣȻһӰתͷһٶҼʿ˹ȥǱ״ɱ
ǸЦȴӰȻ٣һųӰĽӰѾȺ֮Уǹ趯ǹ֮Ҵ档
ǻعʱѾʮɥʱŭ𣬰γ䵶ǰ壬ϧֻͬʱʮˣֻܼں档
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ĽһĳӰӰ͵ĳ˳ȥֱײƥϬţٶȿ죬Ҳ
ĽŷǹЦУת۳⣬ȻһۣΧȦ
̾Ȼ˶һˣٶһЩԼ²ô׳ݺ硣


362 
ʿ־ŭĺ¾ǲˣܲǰ壬ҪɱĽ
ŷսʿᱻǰ磬ΪԶս꣬Ǵη
˵Ŀ꣬ǳΪս꣬һУǲܶģ׹
ʶʿԼη壬ܽ硣
ĽӰͷһĨƮǶУڳӰ£ûü赲
ĽӶǹһĨ˸һһʿĺ

һɱʮʿͷ˫Ѫ죬ֻһɱ֣֡
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ңֻһΣһǾʩչͲˡ
һĶãһɱʿһ˼֮߼֪
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ڳӰϣŵһƬƬ绨һһ̳£ҡͷ̾ϢΪˣȴǵĺ¡
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Ƕһ֧֧ʸƿնÿһ֧ʸ׼ȷҵһˣ䴩
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ǺһجΣм԰ƣ˷²ܾĥΧһһ£鱯ߣȴôûǡ
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Ľһսң˴ȱģǿ࣬Կ࣬дȷббдȡ
Էһ㣬Է𾭵Ծ
һиο֮
һĺУʹдд˴ȱģзҲǿ󣬾ǿᣬȾ練ơ

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ʮĵʦǷʹߣҵȣ
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Ľ룬ҪǰӪλʩһȥӪٶֹΣ
ʦģͷЦʹʦˡ

Ľ΢΢һЦؿλʩͨ
ǣﶼһתͷһˡ
ĽЦǺãһƥڲԶǰȥϡ
תͷʦܲӣ
Ƽݣȣɷǰȣ绻һˣķ
Ľڵǵṩ˳ڱһ٣Ǹ档
Ӱ˻һʣһ¡¡Ƴƾˣһʮ
ξʿ棬Ҷ޺һ˶ſϹ·ϵΡ
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Ҷ޺һԾ£׳ӡ顱һأֱſϣأüͷ
𣺡


363 ִ
ξϣ״Գ˰Σҡҡͷôһ
ʵ̫ԶĿˣӰӰ´¿Ӱӣȴס
ӦҶ޺һԾ׳Գξߡ
һ˫ξ
ʿѵҪȥ̣
ϰߣ;Ϯʱһ˫˲ٶ죬ѧڴ󺹹ϰߡ
ξߵȥһ·Ǳ˵ģ
ɫ뵽һ·Σνǧ

һХңңˮѸûΧһУļʽХ
Ƭ̺ХͣЪξЦݣСӣ
ĽХХһɫӰӴԶ֣һĨƮƻʵת۵ǰ
ӰһӰĽĽȭξ
ξ´ԾĽǰĽѾǺЦξҵúܡ
Сӣˣξϲ
Ľͷˣ㲻þѾ˳һܰգں档
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ĽӦò򵥣򣬶Ҳǣֱɱʡ¡
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ĽҡҡͷЦûˣ̫ľһӻָߣгӰܿϡ
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⣬гӰڣ书ָߣûǧݺᣬûʲôɲĵġ

ĽȭԾӰ˻һΪһӰӣתۼʧҰ֮⣬Ӱ
ξӪʿ֣
ʱһٶ˻ξӭǰ
ڰ֣סԾǰȭ֣ؼ񣺡ξ½л󲿾
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ξǺЦҿɲҾӹյı£˵ʵһ·ϣϲٶˣȷʵ׺Զٻɣ൱ͲҶ֣ˣ˿ɲӭսҲո˵󣬲Ÿôɣǹƥȥ

ͷʦ쾪춯أ񣡡
ߣǹȥξЦ
ƺƵȥʮսĽ⣬ʱĽ磬սúξ̾
ǸٶͷÿһţƾͷԻһСǡ
ŷȥ磬Ϊս꣬ͷȥܽ硣
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ξȥ˽Ļ˶֮һȫָͷһ籩Ĵ
ǽһϣɣڽͨԱһϤǰ·רѰϡ֮о
Ľ˷෴Уһ·İòˣתȥиӪ
ξ뽭һ߱˵Խѧʶ̾ѣּĽƳ籸ҡͷʧЦ
Լ˽̫٣ֻ֪˫ֽӪޣѧһ˵书һ֮ʤӪ
ԼǺУҲû̫⣬ֻΪͲסįͶңƽʱҲûʲô쳣ɽ¶ˮƽ죬ţз𾭣һС
ԭλ𷨾ĸɮԼ۲ʶ̩ɽţңվµһٶˣӵܣС
ǳǽ·˸ţʮ֮ڵִǡ
ĽѾǻϣһľ
ǺȻͣסһ·쿪ȥԼаռס·þϸ顣
ȥԼһ⣬һӪ಻ͷչɷ档
Ӫ⣬γ֮ƣֱʮƥеĴ
Ľ֮۸ӣĿ

Ƿبڹڹ⣬һ޼ʵĴԭɪ
಻
һǣ
ǣսţӪᡣ
ĴԭϣפһƬĽɨȥʮ֮ۿȫ
ЩǶ˾Ӫңңǣ绢⣬ӡ
Ǹ߲ʣܹƣţȴţжֹƽ
Ӫͣ£ʿԶӪ˸ǰȵʲôˣ
ʿ滺ǰһ񣺡ҵӪӪǰ
Ӫмʿưҡҡͷû˵
֮ӪʹϵرҲ֪˴ˣûŵģʵ̫ǿ
ĽҡͷЦЦǿö鷳ˡ
۾ᡣ
һ·ϣĽһֱǱоԦöмֳɾ͡
룬֮ԶԦȴޣǱҲޣͻԭٴ·


364 
һĶãԦһ߹۲ǰΡ
ӪʿߵưòȴףӢˣʿ档
ʿ治Ǿˣоӣʲôȫƾǲͨһ
ðɣȵȣʿͷĵ
ʿüתҪʿȻеţ
ʿת俴»кηԸ
ʿֱʿ棬ʱƳŰϵ׼׼Ƕ˵ģ
ʿͷǷű߶˳ˣͷ
ãʹ죡ʿȵ

ʿ΢΢һЦⲻʲôϵĶСⶫȻ鴫ǲҲ
ɲǣʿЦͷҪŧҲǱƳӪ
һæλԵȣȥͨ
˵գߣһ̶˶ߵĴӪʧ಻ʿҡͷЦ
Ľҡҡͷٶ˵ȫȫרעԺеģ⣬һֱоԦĸĽ֮׺С
޸һķȴһķѣڣ֣ˣ֣һһ˷
Ľ֪Լʱ䲻ˣüӰѾ
ǹһɲǣǹ࣬ԺУߵʱû֪黺жһӪڡ
ļһѣֳѣмΧһƬ䳡и÷꣬ɷǺÿ
ÿ˯ʮˣǡ˯ˣ˶࣬оҲ´࣬Ӫסá
ӪǰĽǣҪȥǣǵļңʢĽ
ĽЦлΪѣޣȥģպϾȥ̽ǡ
ᣬȴû˵ɾ뿪ˡ

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Ľϥϣ۾һרעԦҪµķš
ʤǼ״Ҳȥţһ˵˵ЦЦ֪Ľ˵˵ЦЦܴ
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˵Цһ߸˿ʼϷĽһսϷɳݣһһԲС
˴һ˸߲ңСУƣͶ
Ľ˶ʶǴСУţľˮעԺеӰԦڷ
֪˶ãԺУ֪ʱţȻоһæʶ۾
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ĽЦξ˵ʵˣ
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һ˵һߣЦŭ·תתһǰƽĴûʲôûл
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Ľ΢һۣ֮۸գʱûʲôΧڣǻĸ֣˼Сۣ⿴һ
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˰ڰ֣ƹǰض񣬺ξλӢգ
վĽǰ´һۣͷ΢ЦԨsţȲס
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ŶüһЦЦݹͿɲСҪø̯ˣͳ΢Сûʲôˡ

ĽͷǣѾ
ǺðɣҾͳȫ㣡Ц
ξɴ۾ߵСӣ
ڰ֣Ϻѵģ˱£練ƣգ
⡭ⲻðɡξæЦ
Цеĵûʲôã£һֻۣһֻ۰ˣҲǰˣ
ǺǣξԴǺЦȻʧɫæ̧ͷ£ʲô£
ҵĻա
ɲɣξʱҡͷ
ЦЦôϺôС
ξпտǵĶȫˣǿô죿
ЦеĵҴӦ㣬ӪǰΣ
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ĽЦЦףʧΪʵСңСӻиСС󡣡
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Ľ֪͵أЦЦ̣Ӫһعǣӷء
ЦЦУѵˣˣôˣ
лĽ֣


365 
Ӫսڣβʱٵˣ֮µڶ֮ơ
ȶԣ̫ܵԶԶһսƽ֡
뷨죬սΪ׷󣬸·ǳҪһ汳ġ
ĵ£ǿƴƴ˺ǿԣĪ⣬һСĻᱻȥ
һȡӪսò

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ξĽ򣬺ǺЦգ۾úӪǱͷİգ
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ξǺЦǵȻӪˣ
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ĽУԵɰˣǣ
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ĽҲѹ֣ǡǾ֮ʳ֣ǣимɣ֮顣
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ĽЦЦҲ˵
޵Ƴһۣ۲˸£΢Ц̿ͼһǰұɱˣӪܣ֮Ҳ
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ڰ֣ˣԣⲻϻˣ£
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Ľϱߣ߳ٲԶơ
Ľӯ磬ɮ緶ţԱ߿ðԵͷȻ֡

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Ľ˫ۣһһ
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ݺӣЦǳ
ӼмһɫҰܣĽϵĹͲµΪ
һգȻЦӣֻС˳ĵߣǽýþ


366 
ǰǣ˳ǰߣһһˣת۵оʣȥ
ĽŽȥڰ飬»վһΣΧڵС
պļһȥ˷ܵĽе˳ְӵǰ
飡飡죬ʯͷأһ
Ź֣飬ͷһۣЦǵѨ
ͷǣռ

ҲֵɨһĽͷˡ
˷ܲѣס̾ͬʱҸһ
ĽЦЦϼûʲôСˣҵ
Цҡͷٺ٣ǵСӪļһǿҪؼֵˣ
ۼʶĽͬʱ͸Ϣָ֣ίʵ
ԼԲ԰ף౿ݲĽһУֻҡͷ̾Ϣһ̾
Եգôǵģ
ʵڲ⣬˵֮УԼ飬Ӧ÷ֶǣƫƫʲôû졣
Լãһ̫ƫƫܷίʵŹ֡
ĽЦЦֱȳǿһЩ
ֱ¶飬̫翣ס
ĽһЩԵоεúãȴڲסɱ⡣
ͷ飬ȷʵһЩͨɱУȷʵ档
ЦԭˣⱾȷʵ
ĽҡҡͷЦֻ΢ĩ֮սɱ档
˵ͷȷʵˣս֮ϣؼ书书ǿʲôǰ״
ǺЦڣǿʡˣֻҪڽߣĵСĽ䱸
ǾǣԺǺЦһ

ӽվʹ
ĽʹĴӦҲڻߣһıԣһɲףս
ֻսߣôԼ򣬵Ҳûʲôãûлʵûо飬ȫǿջûʲôô
飬ǧ·ʵҪ
Ϊһλߣᣬϸϸ򣬲;ûĻᣬԶ
Ϊ;һȳɷְְѧϰһ;ѧϰ
ǰһһҪǼ֮Ҳϸ񣬷ǴţҲΡ
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Σһ̤ϹؼһûһΣֻİ߻
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תͷ˿Ľһɮ붨ׯϣЦŵͷŻ顣

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ʵϢһ޷ֱ˴ˣϢʧһ㡣
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ĽȫȫԦЩͷżֳһ˿񣬹עľֹΪ
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롣ڰ֡
ȥˣʱĽͶһƳ͸֮⡣


367 
ĽЦЦû˵
еĹؽڣתۼŪˣͨǿԽԽǿѶͨ
ȥĽ˫ֽӡٴ˫ۣһ
תǰⲽһһأüµǰȴ˸ͣ
Ľ֮۸ӣ뻻Լѡ
ԮǳΣգھλĴ̼£ʿǰ̣Ĵɱƾ˸ĺѡ
һԮ̰Ӳӡ󣬶ڽǰ;𣬼ʹҲ޽ˡ

˰ΣͣתͷĽ
Ľۣ΢ЦŻо
գҸΣ˫۾
ĽЦЦüٻ֣һΪһСһ
üһ۹Ϊβӻ٣
ĽЦһ£ƾĴһ㼴͸ܲף
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ˣֻйӪ֣쿴ΪۿﻤܣͲŴ㡣
ЦأҪðգʹԮҲһʧǿиǿ֡
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ⲽι̾һƬҶӲ뱻ϳ͵ڽҵøıסˡ
ĽؾͨŶݼףʽ˶֮ͨӪͷӬˡ
ͷţˡ
Ľ΢΢һЦһһʧҲԵס󲿷ִ̿ͣģʰɡ
ãڣҺܷģЦ
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ĽǰڼѧŶݼ֮ûʵۣŶݼ֮ίʵ¡
է򵥣Խ룬ԽӣһھէûʲôԽھԽˮ޾֮С
ͨŶݼףУȥ̫ʹǿᣬҲǲɡ
Ĵ澴ηŶݼ֮εȵľžޣԼû㱾£ͨ쳹أͨ쳹ء
Լת֪֮У仯ȴǲԶҪŶݼף޿ܡ
ɴ˿ɼ죬ˣ֮СʵڲֵһᣬҲûʲôԽģһһЩɡ
ʮˣһһȥʱӪʼ仯оҲѰ
ͬһˮУããѰⶥ룬ããֻܺҵ
Ľ֮۸Ӫ䶯һһǰÿһϸڶΣӡԺУϸϸһһطţ¼һ㡣
һ߲Ŷݼ׵ۣһ߹ۿԱȣŶݼ׵ͻͽʵͻơ
ۿһ仯һ֣ν֮ԻֻҪУʱλдλ
Уϳϳɶʱʱ仯ԼΣȫʧС
Ľϸϸ˼ⲢӾ٣۾о⣬á
еܾҲ಻֪ã֪䱾ʰ
ڹۿͬʱһ󷨣Ҳ뷨ԾԾԣûлᣬһֱڻӰ졣
һ칦򣬰ԻϣҲλã棬أңԱһ޶ھϣ첻ýʡ
˲﷢ǧѣνһʧңӪѲҲǿࡣ
ǡǡ෴ԶԶһڡ

Ľһϣ˫ֽӡ΢һׯһ
һװһһʽ·ǧ֮ÿһޱȣΧĿ·Ķ
Ľ֮۹ۿ书ӡԺ֪ǴΣǽϰľоѧ
Ľ书ȷʵӻƴÿһ档
ϧﲻԼ׺Բˮǲͬˡ
ֻʱ̸ڻߣ룬ʹԷ˯ߣûԼĻᡣ
ĻֻԼһˣ뿪Ҫ£ۼӪ
ѾԺȴûʩչſƵ飬ƾԺܣɡ
ҲԺԦܣĽ뽫Ԧͻƣϱǿ
Ѷȼ󣬸ʤε
һŨγһ䵽ϣ̺γһݣŪơ
ɫװһ££紵չǰ˫⣬ǡ
ֻʱԳʱ򣬶棬һλĹ١
ĽԸ̾ɱסͼ񣬷򣬼ʹҲѰɽ
ŤŤӣЦգ㲻һ
Ľ۾ҡͷ΢ЦСΣ洦󣬲綨һ񡣡
С洦Ц
ĽͷǣӪλǰָСˡ
СǿĹ򣬿ˡ
Ľǡ
ҿɣЦ

Ľһ£뿪ţǰɮһãǰ䣬ɾ䣬ʼСΡ
ĶŹÿһϸڣŲסĵͷ¶̾ɫĽÿһϸڶ׼ȷС˼£üʹԼСΣҲȲ
⻹Լ˴ΣСεʹԼСҲһ
ܽСزԱȻˣҲʤԼһ
Եͷ˲ѵá
һӹĽŻСΣתͷ
˫˸
Ƭ̧̺ͷĽգ봫ΣһذηǽѧǾɣΥ
ĽЦл⣬ˣ治Υǿá
ţ֮ˣ̬֮Ȼ¹ش󣬲ܲء
ĽЦЦҡͷת˵ϣ˫ֽӡ΢˫ۣׯ£Ϊһ


368 ô
˰Σڤ˼֮ʣĽȻۣ΢Цǻطա
̧ͷšд̿ͽˣ
Ľͷ˾ͨ󷨣ҵˣһΪá
Цãġ
ĽţҲ𳤽һ뿪˴ʣԱһС
ⶥԭһ޶ĲҲ̺ͬţųΡ
ڤ˼룬Ľţ밲ס

Ľ֮۸ӣһڼʿУÿһС죬Ĳһ߷ǱŤ
ĽԵͷʶ󷨣ܹԻ򣬵һУʧȴǸı䲻ˡ
Ի󣬾ŨܵĴУ֪ƽ֮ǰ֪еĵ·ǰܹ塣
Сģһˣֱ׹Уسɽ֮Ϊܻ̿ͣÿһغ
ÿһǰͣһ£Сÿӣ䱸׼ʱֻɱ
Ľ֮۸йƣÿһ˿飬ı仯תһ
ҡҡͷԻҵ졣
˰ΣĽ۾Ʋɣǻȥǡ
Ǽһˣ̧ͷЦ
ĽͷѾˣزȥ
˸ҡͷЦ˵ֱɱ˱ǣΪƫƫҪŲɱ
ĽЦɱ³ˣ޵УβЩѱΪԼ£
һ漴ǰһΪԼ£
Ľͷк֮£ÿ˱ÿ˵ôЩǰɱģһǸֱ֣ɱˣʵڿϧ
ʲô⣿ʡ
ĽԳһӪǷŵսϣס
ô˴һһ£ǻ˼ŵ
ĽЦЦֻҪͷЧѡ

˵Ż˴ʣصԭڡ
Ľϥ£һӹһϢˣֱѨ
Ѩ˶ʱֱͦͦء
ĽƮ𣬳һףԶԶɳʮ⣬ļǽסˡ
ǽ͵һطúÿܣʧЩ˻ΪʿɱǰԾˡ
Ľһֱ֣뿴󷨣ʲô̶ȣԻΡ
ʹ֪֮УһҲʧȥЧãϹӣӡ
аڣҪϢܣʹ󷨴ң󷨣ҲҪһƽ⡣
һṦĽԷ
˰Σҡͷ̾գȥûʲô÷ӣ봫ΣֻܳΪ
ĽҡͷЦطģպ˵ա
ЦЦҿԱΪƾľӡ
Ľûʲô
˱һ޹Ц
ĽһЦЦʱףҡͷ֮ҵġ
ڰ֣˵ʵȱһǿû㣬Щ֣̿ܵ书ȴս֮СɹǶ֡
⼸Ľ̿ͣȷʵѫСЩ֮ѽ綨ᱻϵġ
ȨƼһΪȻֻɽѾӡ
Ľ˵ֱһ֣¾ôˣҲлңǿĹǰԼæ
ǣлĽʮһ񣬲ٶ˵

֮ĽΪɽ
һ죬ֱӿʮԽ˻˧Уξξֱӳɽ
һɽҲûʲôʵȨᱻӣľְһ㣬Ͼǽ
Ӵ֮ǿɳΪˡ
Ľ֪еļѣ٣Ǵ֮Ƕ˴˼ۣܳߪˡ
ĽҡͷЦ治֪ԼʱֵǮˣֵ˴£һת˼άס
ܹ˳һǽ֮ǸҪ֮֮£̫ѡ
ߣҲǧǣȶģӪڽʿ֮ģûʲôһġ
Լһ죬ΪĽ֮ġ
мΣȴңֱָԣ͸ֻ֮ع飬Ըм
Ľ̫⡣
Щúܵؼһֱ룬Ϊµһ֣һֱǱѪҺδ
Ϊµһ֣һУһУרעһ㣬ĸﲻӫġ
˽̫ԼԻعɽţȴһֻ֮ܵս֮ˡ
ϾǷ»ټ飬ܲ
峿һɫװκİƣЦգ쿪ʼҴΣ
Ľ۾ξϵЦݣá
ûƴǣڴҲã֪ʲôܹͨΪľѧ
оѧԶʤѧԴᣬβԼʧ

ӣ˫Ŀڡ
£֮ǰ÷¶ģй¶ʹӶŮҲй¶䣡
ĽͷԥƷ¶ġ
һЩͺã˴ģܿʼ
ĽһƴŶģҲҪȥΣ
ɫһ˽֮壬˽ѧ֮ˣҲ壬նɱ
Ľ˼ţһймϸ͵ѧ˴⣬Ǻã
ЩڣѧԳϵңѧǿǴһ㡣
šĽüëһ
ҡͷ̾ЩѰ˲֪֪۾ѧǴʵѰһʹ͵ѧ书Ҳ͵ѧ˼ҵġ
Ľ¶Цͷ
ȻʶҲû뵽˵˵ȥѧģίʵš
գҲ㽫ˣ֪һЩʵ
Ľͷ
󺹣ϴԶʵߣĪڴ󺹣ʮµһǶԣǴģĩ
ڵΣСϡΪصĻù򣬵òʧǴܾͳһ⡣
ڶдǣƣǴͱϷ֡
ĽĬĬͷü
ѧ󺹵һ֮Եģĩ˵ڶϡ棬ξϰ
ҡͷЦǴܣȴ޼֮֮
ĹбȴθģĽʡ
ͷп϶Уʲô򣬾Ͳ֪ˣҲβЩĻûʸ֪
Ľ̾ϢһңϷµһ֮·ȷʵ

ڰ֣лᣬ˵һΪѧ˴Σͽ˵ЩΣѷ
ǣлĽͷЦҿɴ󳤼ʶˣ
ЦЦΣСθһ㣬һ֮Բ֮󣬿֮棬߽ţǧ֮
ʲôˣĽʡ
ԶҡͷԳ̫꣬ûڶż
ĽȻһ㣿
Ӣ䣬ʲûʺõˡ
ҡͷ˵󣬵ѣ˵ѧҲףٳɣǴѧ򲻳ɡ
Ľüξںδ
Ϊ㲻֪ںδԲѡ¶ЦҡͷݴҵĽ˵ΣûбķӣֻпţˣôҲɡ
Ľͷٶԣ֪û˽
ע⿴ҵĶܲһ˿һ
һһʽÿһʽ飬Сνʽȴаʮһʽ
ϣһʱ棬ȣ˯֮
ܼס֪ĽйĿ֮ܣһȫԼԭһ㣬һѧһʽ
ĽͷԼʼ
ЩӡԺУÿ춼Ժ飬ΪĶʼʱֽŻмɬ˳ԽԽ׼ȷ
òסͷ̾ѣĽ֮顣
ʣԼԶԶ磬˵ܽľ磬ȴ̫ˡ
ݽ˵һʯղڴع˭ҲΣƸעء
Ʋһ֮壬ǧƴ̿࣬ҲûʲôɾͣƶˣһЧ
йƣԼܾƲ̫ԣѧòá

˰ʮһʽĽһʱΪٶȲ죬ԶϢ̫ȭһ㡣
̾ãգʾã
Ľҡҡͷˡ
𣬾ͱˣΡ
ǡĽͷ¶Цݡ
Ȼһ֣ɵĻϲԭΣмϵ˾תϴ辭
˾תϴ辭ķУȴܾѧһ׶תϴ辭ķ
߾ȫЩǵһĶڶ㣬˺ܾãҲǿƳܾò
Լʹ׺ԲҲûתϴ辭һĶãһ˼һֱ˼תϴ辭ڶ㣬䶯
ѧ˴Σ˴ķ侫뵽˾תϴ辭
ԣ
ѧѧ࣬һЩתķţ޷ҵӦĶʹڤ˼룬ѳζǣҲ޷С
ܾһûһȻ
ѧ˴Σʱһúأ˷ԡ
ƾתϴ辭ڶ㣬ɵڶ㣬һǿ㹻Աѧһ׾ȭƷԺߡ
˺죬ÿ峿ʱ֣ΣҲһ
һһ磬Ϣ
ΪҲĽȴܰĵĶ飬İԼ¡
ĽһΣϥһɮ붨һ綯羲ϣ졣
Σʼûʲôֻж棬֮ˮ罭תھˬݹȪ
֮磬ʼߣˢѪ⣬ţĶԽԽԽԽɬ֫ѹһɽ


369 Ѫ
ĸоǻþżתͷһģʱɫ䣬æ𣬽Ľ
ŲŻһ¾Ľ
Ľϲ𾪣û뵽Ľ㾳أǵһ㽫֮ס
һ㣬ëϴ裬תʣˮˢѪ⣬䴿޹һٲһɡ
һ㵱Уϸ㣬һ㾻в㾻⣬ϲ㾻Ѫɷëϴ衣
꣬ոմﵽв֮ÿϴһ壬ˬˬޱȡ
Ľ㣬ȴϲ㾻ѪѪΪ

һԵǾأˢѪҺѪҺǼѵ¡
Ƥʵȴп϶תްѪҺȴͬŨޱȣꡣ
ѪҺת罭֮ˮ࣬ƼǿѪʹˮԷˮѪ࿹⡣
һѪҺŨϽ֮ˮ侻ǧѣ۵
ʵһ㣬תѣɬޱȣڲģֲס޷һ׶
ĽƵȻѣ糣һ˿һ˿תᶨٻţͣ
ԽԽţܼ꣬ǰ
Ҫ󶼼ߣֱſ£Ϊ̣Ҳֻܷȱһɡ
Ҫ־˺⸺ɽеļֱ࣬ӰѹȻ
ţӯĲӣϢĳ֣ǰ
ţǻðɣͷЦеĴˡ
ǵͷû˵䡣
Ц֧עĿһӣǻҪġ
ܡ̾
һۣߵģ

Ǽ죬ĽڴΣ꣬ÿһޱȡ
ʱ󣬻š
Ľ˫΢أ䶯ģˣӲһɫѪ飬ֱˣһѪˡ
ɫȻͷȻ٣ϲľѪѪ飬ѪҺеĶأ֮
Ѱ书ķֻƤһѪҺȥ޷ĸı˵ʡ
Ľһۣ˫纮ǣǣһɨʶʱһ
Ľ΢Ц
Цգȥϴϴ˵
ĽͷһԼƣƮ˴ʣһϸ壬Өת
ã̾ͷգţϲɺأ
Ľȷʵ
ֻת˵ĳһȭܴ죬˵룬ȴ˵ı仯
ɢ㣬΢ޣԼԼէŵõϸţȴŲˡ
գǿЦҡͷ꣬ʮ죬ʲͬ˿ǿá
Ľҡͷһϡ
ŶЦЦоϣҲûһԲġ
Ľεʱ䣬̫̣ܼһǳɣֵʱԽԽá
˼
ĽСΣҷɣСΣҪԽǿЧԽѡ
šеԿͷ

죬Ľ뻪һ޴Ρ
˼һ磬ϢĽһӣæ·ǰԮӪӪӪӪİ
ӣ˲࣬Ԯ֮⣬˼˼ˣΪۣϾԼľҲþ
ĽһֱԦͬʱ޸ƾתϴ辭ڶ㶯˴Σƽȼ졣
ȣĽƣٹ죬ܽ׶ɣʽתϴ辭ĵڶ㡣
Ԧӣ
һ죬һ弫ޣĽ£磬ҧ
֮Ķɬͣǧһһüѡ
ϲ֪̤һ㣬ʼѪ
Ҳǿջϲһɲ˾Ѫ̣;ϣԼ֡
һ뾻Ѫ̣֫أɬݺ㶯Ⱥڣֺ
Ľнղ񹦣ǿᣬĤڣ֮Σܼ꾻Ѫ
ΣȴԶʹܴﵽѪһ㣬ȴ겻ɾѪ
˽Ľ²⣬һʱ䣬ʼѪ
Ǹ֮Ҫ㣬ʹԣʣҲΪһһһ졣
Ľڣȴֲͬ
죬̣Ҫ֮ȻһůϢ룬壬ֱӻΪ
ůϢԽԽŨģ·ˮһУƣҲ
һ֪Уһ״Σ˾Ѫ֮󣬻մɫѪ飬æȥϴϴ֮ˬȣϢԽ硣
ĽѾϣʮ΢Цϲ
ˣĹͣҡͷЦ

ĽȻһüͷһڣӭϣǡڴʱһĨƿ
Ľһƣǡɵںǰ
һ죬뺮ײ֮ղ񹦵֡
Ľ󻬳һԶǵҲ׹ϡ
Ľü⣬һ۾ɨһ۵ϵĶ̽ȴһ˦ֽס
˽ղ񹦣ѵΣǿᣬʱȴ飬Ǳ׵š
ĽԾ죬΢۾ߵʲôˣȥĪ֣
ôĿһЦУһƮȻһˡ
еȣòƽƽͣɷʵʣէһһӽ¶ȡ
ĽüΪͶ
ҡͷҲŲϡʲôƷΪǴܰգӹţʵΪ
Ľ䲻䣬ȨУ˳͢£¹̫ܵ˰գ
ҡͷеΪһɱˣ
ĽҵҪ̸µı£
˿ĽֿˣЩԾӦЩ飬ͳˡ


370 
˫磬ΪŰ
˵ŻٿһµĽǰ£һƽĽһ㡣
һֿ죬˲䵽Ľǰ
ĽƮ󵴣ҡͷΪܰգȴɱܽǰﶫæ
һ˵ƮƮܡ
øɻȴû˵ֻǶĽ뿴
Цһƽһӡ£ɱȻƶԲĳ֣һơ
Ľһֱܣûл֮

飬ǰϸۿ˴򶷣üͷˣɫء
⣬ԼӦʽֺֿݣ죬էʤɣʵȴթʤ
ԼУմʦȴ࣬մʦ书ҲˣԶʤԼ
Ľ²ͣ˫۽˫ۣü⣬޷¾˽ҽݱ̿ˣ
Цһܣûܴ⣿ܱɱ
ĽǱܹĶ˵İɣ˴ɱ֣˻ԣӪȺףű˳ûռ˱ˣ񽫾ռˣԹʼʩ٣㣬ж˵»ʹ߿죬޴
˲ΪߵӲô࣬ƨˣһõܸ߶ǣ
Ľҡͷ֪һһǿ
ںĵɱˣ
ʽ磬ĽɮƮ
Ľɱ˳ĴģҲǹ¼ҹһͲ˼ݣ
˺ߵˣΪϰ£Ҳֵ
Ľҡҡͷãմմϲ

ʱҲüˡ
ֲմʦɲȴ̫Ź֣һΪ֮ģƫƫþ岻ӣ˫䣬ҲǸˣȴΪǵ޴
ļһ˿Цã˰ɣ̫ˣɱ˰ɣеĲ̡
̾˿ҡҡͷ
Ľһ߶ܣһ߸˱⣬£һɿģɮ˵ļơ
ֱ磬ϲͣʽʮ㡣
ת۹򣬰йȥ
ȻĽϼһʧǰһ½סˡ
һ̣ɭɭӺ󱳴ɢסģҲŶס
飡һ죬һˣæתͷ
һݺӵڵϣͷƣ΢΢һ֪ǶˣԼԶ
ղɭɭմʦļǰⶫˣȻѾʩչһ
մʦļԼӡ
մʦԼȴܿԼΣԼǧһȷʵ֮
Ľתͷ˰ɣǸģ
üɫ䣬ŵڵϵĶˣҧгݣƽޱң
һٿĵ˶˸ǰһȥ
Ľһ顱һ죬˵Ľͣסߵһǽϣơ
Ľһӣ˷˳ȥ
㡪˴ŭ
ĽƵ󷨵ģ
ΪҪ㣿
ĽҡҡͷһۣӦòԼҵ·иָİɣλˣ
ƨ˲ȻŭЦۿ˵ͣССİԻ󣬵Сˣһ۾Ϳ͸

ĽЦЦҡͷܣ㣬ױãƽ˰Ի󣡡
Ǻ죬޺޵ұûãŶݼûϵ
Ľҡͷ̾ǳֶΣ㾹ûίʵ˲ҹά
ߣʶ˲ҵŶݼף䲻˵µһҲָССİԻ󣬲ֵһᣡ˰Ȼ
Ľתͷ򻪽Σ
ţɡͷ
ʱȻˣĽΪһֱ£Ҫӱף˵ô໰ȴΪշˡ
ЦΣ
Ľ絽£ıʿΣ
ƨӲŲɣ˲Ȼɫ䣬ɴ۾Һ޲ӹĽ
ĽҡͷԴɱ񼫣Ҫۼˣ㻹Ǻú룬ĪҪžܾ
ٷϻȥҲЦתߡ
ĽҡͷЦЦһʱˣӿ˸оתơ
顱һ죬ҡΣưҡҡǰĲŽסӡ
Ľ΢Ц֪մ
Ӳ˵ģ꺺һ£Ѫȥøɬ
Ľҡͷ̾ϢƲԳԷƣοգ
һ顱һ죬Ҳѣһ֧̼Ѿ꺺Ӽ
顱һ죬ֱͦͦ£ŵأͷײء
ĽҡͷռתͷЦһʵֻ̣ˡ
ҲáͷЦŶݼ֮ޱȣܾͨҲǸġ
Ľͷţ˼Ŷݼϣʡ

ˣĽöˣںԵĸ̣̣
ͷˣ̾Ч¡
ѾԹȥ
ĽЦϣΣ˲ŲܷŹ
ǺãʹʦˡЦ
֪б˳ƺֱգ֮ʦĽҲ⣬ƽĩڶѡ
˵ӲѺԱһڣû˿ܣֻҪ߳һбطһ֧򣬱޿ɱܡ
аҪȥ˺ܶ෨ӣʩչṦһ磬ٿ񣬻ڣһ˿һ˿ŲϢ׳һȻϢں档
Щûʲôãͷһ¶⣬һس֣嵽ϣͬһ˿ڡ
ʲôӣֻҪһһðͷسϣʼǱŭҪȥԽԽ£ʮ֮ʵû䡣
Ծģ֧һ޿ɱܣò˼飬Ϣ޶ء
Ǽ򣬻ĿڣСûˡ
յǣļһﾹضţܿԼһһ˼ֱ
ǰĽĿ£ȡԼСһӡ
Ľ̸֣һӹҴ壬ٵ˵вܣ渶̸顣
ŰƽȻƢ󣬵бµȴأ޵Щûµˡ


371 ɱ
侴бµˣĽͷϱɱҲ滪Ч
һӹţֻͱʿǵЧΪŰҲûˣðĵ
Ľûӹţ˳ĻȰʹһӹţ߸ӢŸڻߣʿǵֶΪ
֮ûд齣ֻźĵ̺ٴԭţ̺࣬ףֵǮ
Ľϥţ΢΢ЦƽͣŰƽ泯ţ۾΢Ʋ˵

Ľ⻰һŰƽۣ˸˼
νΪ飬ۼΪʵֻ˵ӹɱҿŻӹĽҡͷ⻰˵ú
Űƽһͷ졣
ĽŵӹӢۼ˲ܶ϶㲻ڽߣ֪Σ
ŰƽϷһԲ
ĽĬΣƣֱƵòˣŵڽߣۿգ
ҡͷúɡ
ŰƽĿ뿪ջĿ⣬ͷյĳ̾һԼûѡ񣬿ʽմʦɱԼȴҪԼ
Ī⣬ԼӲҲɣҪˣȻˣջߣԼǲǴˡ
Ľȥ飬̧ͷЦʦȰˣ
ĽЦЦˣԼվͳɡ
ǺǣʦǺԡ飬ҡͷʧЦ
ŰƽëʯͷֳӲԼȣ꣬һҲ̲סɱģһ˰ˣ÷¡
Ľ΢ЦʯΪ
ʯΪ˵úãǺǡЦʦ𷨾ܸлģĿԴˣ
Ľʮһţغϡ

ڶĽٴγ˽ʣԱһŰƽ˲ţбһۣҲ
Ľ¶һ˿Ц⣬£ЦЦʩˣӢ䡭
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˵գֱӳ񣬸ɾ䡣
ŰƽȥˣͷߵСУǹģ
ŰƽͶˣĽԲٷϿ࣬ʱ䱦úܣ˷ѡ
תϴ辭ɣźãȴûʱԦСɣľУѪһֱţѪΪĿ졣
ʱղ񹦣ѾԽԱ񣬿ȥԽǲ书ġ
˯վͼУŻΪۣԡ»泩Ȫ
ڲ׺񹦣ѾԲʱĦһζÿδĦһ֮
һӺĽ۾˫ֽӡ붨ȻʾӦˣŰƽż
ĽڣˣŰƽվǰ
ǰ΢ЦѵŽ˻ڰæıա
ǣŰƽͷԵĴӦ
ЦЦҲ⣬ʦҲͨŶݼ֮ǿԺúòУ˼棬á
ǣŰƽӦ

⡣
ųǽһ֮⣬ƣգվǵĳǽϸɫޱ޼ʣ˾
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Ƕף˸˸⣬Ӫеۼס
ױۣһƬһƬһĿڣȹؼλĺ񣬳Ǿ뷢䣬û֮Σɡ
Ӫֱ涫ʿʲ綫װȴãҲᵲʮꡣ
ۼ⣬峤ͶȽ˲վһ泯⣬Զ
һӣȴ
ҡͷ̵̾ģﶫǷ˷裬ƣҪǰ
ԱһҡͷЦСҹƣЩһǿյģ˰ˣ
񳣬ʣ˫տտ縳ףƮƮмʿɡ
˵ͷ͡
̾ҲˣȻǾͲ´󺹳ûѣ
˸ףҹƣ󺹿Э飬ߴ⣬ܷǲųûǣ
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ӵͷڳ͢һ籩˵˶һƽ
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ڶʮΧУԽսԽ£ɷᵽѪǿᣬӿ书ʹ죡


372 
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ת۹򣬶ʮһһȭͷɣغѪƼأȭҲǿᡣ
ѧѧѧ壬ʣݣѧ졣
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Ḷ̌Ų죬ȴǡôڹؼʱܿѲߣѰ϶飬ν硣
Եͷմʦ֮ĵУǰԤ֪Σգ˷ҵͨǱȥȷʵѡ
ĽԽԽ룬壬ҡͷ̾һնɲôɱģ

Ľȣ۾ɫɮ۽ϣˮʯͷȻÿ
ȽȽƮһ񣬺Ȼͣסһӻ¹
ң޹⣬ɮΪһ壬Ұ֣Źƽƽ档
ĽӪӪõĽʦ죬ǰĺԹãȴ̲Զ޷ԶС
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ϼ΢һԲ¡
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Ľһʧԭأһ⣬˫΢ء
һһУţܣ磬һƤΣһ꣬ݣٿ㣬һ˫üëбޣĿտȻ
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373 ޹
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磬Ľվ룬һϮɫɮֻۣ飬
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ʿȻһ̼Ϣһʿײڶǰʱûϡ
Ľüû뵽֮ᣬǰӲö࣬˵ƾԼ׿ɹᴩˡ
˿Щʿк
˵ʵʽһ˲
ǹٴ£Ľ죬֧ǹ߾롣
ֲͣתۿ߰ףȻһӳ
͡ХУһ֧䵽գȥһ֧ŵ棬綾߷Ӳݼ⡣
֧㿪£
顱һըףķѣӴԵһֱը
Χƥܾ˻ʿѹס
ٿǰߣѾһԣȻ

˴󺰣׷ǰӵ
Ľ֮۸֪ȻǼʸһڹ⣬׼ȷؼʿת۹ʮ
ɱ潫𣡡˴ȣʱǰĽΧڵУܲɱ
Ľ£׼ޱȣȴη壬µȡ
Ľһһ߷Х
Хף𵴣ԲʮԿš
ʱ¶ϲɫ
һ󺺻ӹĴ쳹ս͸˷ӵƴɱ
ӪӪӪӪʿʱԶս
ʱսϵĶȺףָӣΪսӿ֪Ӧ䡣ееˣеߣûͳһָӣҳһš
Σʿƴɱ
սƶʱߵԭ·磬ȴâʢռϷ磬亷£ܲȴѵִơ
Ҷжнˣɱɻ꣡һŭ
ʱһ䣬ԭβˣͳһָӣȴǰηֵס˴ĳҡҡ׹סˡ
Ľһһ߸״ȥȡʤѣʹʤˣҲǲʤ
һרעɹɱǰʿȴЧ󣬶ˡ
Хһŭ˵ľӴľХУͻХɽڣȺޡ
Х֮£Ժһ壬ӷ
Ľûһһһգתֶ˼˵ļ䡣
飡һ죬˫һɣ壬ΪƬɢ
ʹƣͣڳܲס

ҡͷѩγһ̣Ӹӹ֮ͷ­Ѫ䡣
Ϊһɱת۹һͷɱһͷȻɱһ֮УһϮɫɮսкۡ
ʱָӣվڸߴ棬ĽĿѣԡ
һɱأӰƬմûһ˿Ѫ̤
ԽԽ٣Ľɱٶ죬רɱɱ֮ˣͲ࣬ɱ䣬ʿǼˡ
䣬а̾һ˵ϾޣɳϣǿԼҲɳһţˡ
ΨһķǴɱ˧;
ȫ߳νһָ
˼ٵ죬꣬﷢Ѫš
ĽƮˣתۻصߣһʣ紦ӡ
ʦ磡΢Ц
ĽЦЦЦˣƥ֮£ҳݡ
ҡͷһʤ̣ʦ׹
ġĽЦҡͷ
ɫûдʦɱնûⳡʤ̣ʦ׹֮ƴǣ
ĽЦЦٶ˵ڻ󣬿ʰо֣Ȼոʧأ½
ûʲô󰭣뿪Ȼ˴Уûתϴ辭һƴɱЩˡ
ҵĴսڽ񻶣ʤǰһ潻Ĵʤ
䷱ȴǿʢʵڶ֮£ǷΪ޹й
һΣȻ潻УµڶĶʵģ־
һսԤڹԽӪˣ÷Ľӹٽڻ¡

һۺĽʧǰߺټһֱԱߵڣޡ
ҪΣоתϴ辭֮ղ񹦣ñȴǰæµץʱ
ʱ磬ת˲ţعиʱѾȥһˡ
Ӫָ·Ѿ뿪ӪҲˡ
ЩĽϾᣬھתϴ辭ؼʱ̣ٽһɵڶ㡣
峿洫ʦ
ĽΣ۾
һ£ֽЦʦɳˣ
Ľҡͷ򣬽кιɣ
˵Ҫչûʲô²ţغ˵Ȼǰ顣
ֻһţûĵطЦղѾˡ
ĽüͷһЦôˣ
ƣݱ֮Ҫ˺ʵȻͣһεĴݣδУǰѭȻ֮
ڳ͢˵Ľ;Ǹ⣬ȻʹϧӸʮºƽ
ػأ£û뵽Ѹݡ
ӻͳһƾᣬĽƶЦеĵʦͲ֪кνͣ
ͱθˡĽЦ


379 
ϻƾ᣺ʦԼɡ
Ľӹ˿˶ļչһȻʥּ
ܻʵۿ̲ϣһһ㹩ʥּּҲع
Ľüʥּдͣưȴ֪ƣ԰Ρ
飬ԼףΪԶ;ʦһоһ壬ƽá

˺ͣĽСЦʡ
ǺЦһԶ
ĽЦϲˡ
ܾλȣУְλλϮӣ󣬺ѻá
ѣѣԽϣԽѽŬҲ޷һ
ĺ벮ǿ⣬˽ǵһˡ
ҡͷһս׹ǴʦģҸմС˰ˣʦķͿǾˣԶƷϽףоĵȾʲôҪǷ塣
Ľʣк
Ǻöִ̾壬ɳ룬ʱʥ
ŵִߣκȨץκȨɱΥ塣
ĽզࣺٵĽƣ
˴壬ֻлɱԼκ˲ɱȷʵ硣
˴壬˲򣬼ʹǰҲд
Ľüʹ͵̫˰ɣ
ǰν٣¸أϳУԼƽЩϳƽƽ
һս¶ѣ󣬵ЩսĽ˵ȴʵڵ١

ЦЦҲûʲôЩ붫ս²ϣСС֣ȴһֱѹŴ򣬷Ϊδ˴ݡ
Ľͷ䷱ȴǿһΪʢѪȴ㣬̫עؽߵѣ
ʱһƥսϾǺһ̹ˣûʵȱݡ
Ҳܣܾһֱȱ⣬ս첻㣬ֻܷܹ
ĽҡͷЦǺһٿңʵڲ
Цսʦ׹䣬߰ɣȥȡ壬Ѿ졣
תĽ󣺡š
ⲽ΢Ц岻ܼˣõʽ
Ľףڣ˻ʣһλüĿߣӤ⣬С
Ʒ΢۾ִͣһ緢
²յվ΢Цλմʦˣ
մʦЦ
һ˦ʮȻӢţۼˣմʦ
Ľ΢Цʮ񣺡ҵ
²죬û뵽Ϊʼҽڻ£ٸһƷǫȴټչͨ
ЦʥһֱԴʦ޲ڣƴʦѵһӢţۼҽҵüݣ棬Ȼɷǳ
ĽЦҡͷҪʧˡ
ЦӢܣۼҲ٣ʦˮһɮ緶
ĽоһƬξ̾񣬶ңҲо书
Ľ䣬
ѷ嵽䣬ӻͳһƶСչ¶һӨӨ׹⡣
һ֣ʱס˵Ŀ⡣

һƴ壬ȴƽ壬Ѱ壬ֲʧʵƽ͡
ö࣬ڷ·һˮӯӯתѻƶӳԽ
ת۾̾Ǿ񣡡ʥͣ
Ľ壬˼齥ء
оﾹӴɽ纣Ρ磬ɷС֮С
ģԾĵֿѹɫɮ޷Զׯ¡
Ȼתͷ
ͷ΢ЦЦпĽ
ǡʡ
ЦմʦȻǸɮи͸ʦνҲ
ΪΣ⡣
ЦУĵǾɮӳֹģƽ˵ˣа񣬵ԷŸɮԣȴֲͬȻͬ
ԭˣȻЦʦ٣ȴȻɣ
ʶ飬ۼЦ
У佲ǣȴҲ꣬Щþ򣬿˼귽ãҸɮ곤
ʹ֮ˣûĥ£ǻ۾㣬ѳɸɮ
֡ӡ𡪡ĽسţʸŲĺĳ졣
پһȪͷ£ӵ壬һƬϲ֡
ɫɮۻָԭ״Ľ΢
뻪ԵľУһʱ˵ʰԶĽŲ

յʱȥ̾һʦķͨ
Ҳ̾˸ɮҲ
Ľ΢Цһ΢ĩ֮Ǵ֮á
Ľ̾ɲ΢ĩ֮ʦᣬȴΪʥЩŸɮҲûʦͨ
ĽҡͷЦʥ¸ɮм¶ͨˣȴûУͨǰв׷󣬷Գѡ
Цеĵʦա
Ľ˫ֽӹϢֱĵףתԺȷʵ֮Ч
Ȼִ壬ʦֱʥϣʥּǰκȨнʦȨʦ¡
Ľͷлʥϡ
ָЦմʦۼһӪҪȥλ춯Ͼգʦѵ뾩ͽأҪԱݼ
Ӧˣһ˦ֱӸ뿪
Ľ뻪˵仰öձ㶯ǰʦʹҲð¡
ĽӦˣصУúоһ¡
ϥϣչ⻪ת壬˿Ƶעţüû
ǳȥ֮۹۲죬Χ޵ĲƵ·ˮﶪһƬҶ
ооȥվûоʲôֻеŰȴ
Բٶ룬ʱˣȻܹ
峿ո𣬿£Ľ뻪һӪһ·ϣǰʦ
ΧһʿףȣһǰһĽΪγһԲΧסˡ


380 ɱ
ʿڻʮ⻺ζУڻʮ֮⣬ĽζС
Ž£ؾӣ棬һһĹӸ硣
˳Ӫ·ſϣս֮һ²
ŤͷĽЦʦؾ֮кδ㣿
ĽЦʦʥ¸ɮƼĽѾã˾ʦҪݻᣬڸɮ
һϮɫɮֲۣ顣
ʥȷʵвٸɮηʦѩʦϴʦԷ𷨾տģҿʦ㲻ѷڼλɮ
ĽЦЦһԶȥδ
⣬Ӫͳ죬̫ߣԳһΪоɡ
Ӧ֮ԼΪ͢󳼣Ҳᵣӵأǻϵľӣĳһ˵ģʥȴӾȨңѿУδʴȡ
Σ˵ģǲǻʵ۶ɱģҪ

ȻͣתͷȥӪһƬнǽչɷݡ
˰ΣȻһ§ȥ
ĽһӰ˻һ׷ȥ
Լ׻ĸӪ꣬ѪעȻȥƽ
һ٣˸㿪ܣףתԶȥʧɢȥĻƳС
缱ۣӰ࣬ʱһǣİëͶм
Ľϣһ죬ǰٵˣһ
ԶĬΣȻڣʦ⣬ؾ֮һȥӪ
棬˵紵ɢԷС
Ľһһ٣תͷȥ

˫ңԶ˵һҲʵʥϵƵң
Ľ΢ЦʥҪཫء
֪ܲԼжٽûдʦʤ㣡¶ЦתͷϧʦλؾҪµģ
ĽЦԼҶ
ʥŷ𷨣ʦ㲻书׿ͨҲǿʥ϶Ҫߵģų
ĽҡͷЦʥϺ⣬֮
ЦһʥϿʦԸ飿
֮áĽЦ
һЦдʦҸǣ
һƬï֣Ц׷׾
ͷʯͷ£ʱɣ£ָ·Χɫ˵Щ䡣
Χһ֮죬κһطܽһ£һһ渶
ĽͷѣӼۣ㾦Ц̸ЦüĽ֡
ϣĽ뻪סİҡͷ
ԼҲݺ޼ɣڵˣԽһɽصѹĽţ˵нѡ
ÿ뽫˵껰ðգæԼ˺ʲôɽŵģõ
ÿ뽫˵ǰҪɣһǰʱָӣžнҶ˵
մʦڽǰ̸Цƽˣʦʵ
һ·ϣֻ߹ٵƽ̹ʱҲ٣ݺ۳ң谭졣
һ·ۣʱΪһ壬ʱڷţ·Ҳɿȥܳ˰ҡ

ٵ߶֣дУҰһ
ĽһϮɫɮۣԵõʱѵҶ㣬ΨС
̫죬ͣů̲ס˯᲻𾢡
ǰļʿȻٶȣΣ˫۾Ե֣Ž䱸
Ҳ٣üͷ֡
Ľҡҡͷֽ°ϹԭĹΪƬʤǰһģ࣬ҹںڵңӡ
ѹ£Ȼ֣һڹ֣֮һ졣
ˣʡ
Ľö̼ȴ¹ûңԶƬ̺ͷʮǳģ
֮۹£ԶһȺˣжʮ־ſϣͷҶ£Ϊһ壬ɫ졣
ɢɱӳĽĸоüѣһɽһɽߣɲĽ̾
ĻʿܸоɱҲĽ̾սģֱˡ
ԼֱɣֱսǱã;ͬ飬䲻ԼȴҲС
ػʿԶΪԲγĸԲԻΪԲģס
˴ܣһƬγһǣ﷭㻺У
һͣסǱͷ֮ƣûзᡣ
ʦʮ˾ɱңҲ߯СǣϾתͷĽЦ
ĽЦЦ˼
ಡһ֧֧ڶ϶죬һЩӹƣ䵽档
ʿŹףɽֻ軤ƥҲȥɱֻͷǰߣ綥ŹǰŲ
Ľ֮۸ʮ˼ãƬ̹һּ꣬飬Ϊˡ
ʿһδսȳȣβ䡣

ﵽ֮ѣĲƵţסнǶȡ
żУܿ߳ʮɣʢ
ϥϣĽ΢ƺڴ˯죬ʱȴᡣ
Ȼ̧𹭣£ͣһХĵڹһһĵ档
飡ըŽ
ʿ˳ȥһ´Σ룬ʱһƬ죬䵽ϡ
Ӱӳŵ棬Ӳݰ򻪽˲伴ʯ˾Ӧ
˻£ֱӷסܿռ䡣
Ӧ죬Ľһ֣֪ףƱҪӲˣȻһɾɳȥ
飡һУ˺Ľ׿С
ʱԾĽӲƣ˽ʵʵ߼ϱġ
Ľƣ治ɫٿһ󣬻£ȴһգֻǲӰ
Ծ漴һܿƣֵһ󣬻ƱģһӰṦ׿ѷ
תߵӰתζ˸ͣ˿Ρ
ͨղŵƣĽ񣬽ѷԼһýղףӲסˡ
£书òף׽סֱ죬ѷˡ
˸׿һˣԼʤ㣬ˣȼҲʤ֮ǿˣʤ㣬Ṧ׿Լʩչ


381 ж
ò죬һ£еİСеĸɰξе׳࣬еİʯա
˶òˣ书ȴߡ
Ľһ߽Ʋţһ˼⣬ԼµһϹ˼ԶҲ㶥֡
ˣһ˶Լ̫࣬ĸ־Ǽżܴյһ𣬴ɱ˶ˡ
ٶ磬ֻеӰȴ̾˵ṦԼǿṦȴһ
һţţ֮£ʩչȼ

һ򣬻ѱΧסʿѻΧܲ͸磬ԶסȥΡ
Ľһϵ·ϻдɱܣһӣεɱ˻
Ļţǵĳ裬Ϊ˱ҲΪ棬ҲҪɱ˻ϡ
û뵽֣ԶԼԤϡ
Ľߣ
ȺӦʦСģһ
ãĽηԽԽ죬ȼȼƣΪǿĶ֧١
һĨ̻ˣʩչȼٶȴͬʱסˣҲ߲ѡ
飡һ죬һ󺺱ɣ䵽⣬۵һѪ̱޷
ĽٶԽԽ죬Ṧ׿ȴҲи£຺һЩĽʵ
ۻƥ壬տҲܲס˼أѾս
ʱѾԶ˰ɿ⣬Ľģ׺ܹʩչ
ָ͡Ϊݺ£֯һˡ
ӣܲƵֵס

׺ǿᣬʮָͬʩܹãרעÿһˣͬˣʱռϷ硣
ֻж֮ûл֮ʩչѹ̧ͷĽԷġ
ȼ棬ĵÿ죬ԪӿȪɣԲԳƽĵҲ٣άһһҹ
˺ȻһۣһͷӰ׷ɣٿųǰһӣһƣǰ˱ģһƻĽָ
վǰ棬էȥǧֹ
ĽüһƬĻãСӻɽ
һƮˣװ뿪
һǰѸȣƴӲͬƷһƬغХ
ĽæܣܿһƷżӹʹо죬˵ѱ仯
ǰƣۺȴƲղ񹦣ʱ죬ȰԵˮֱ档
һĶãһܣһʩչ׺񽣣˷ֹȷ˽˷
ĽָǰӦѣȴ벻⣬赭дĻӻƼɢ
Ľ˼ά磬һͷ˷˾ܷߣεóˣ򻪽ѱ
Ȼγӵ¡
ƺҲӦų齣罭֮ˮ಻ֱ¡
ͣŽ಻
ĽʩչķɽӲƴһǣͬʱָָ
ͬǧֹȽסˣĽֱ飬ϴͰԵͬˮž
Ľףһ湦ѧ˴˲ͬһ𣬺ϳһ
һΣĩӵն£ȡʤתĩΪףӽʽƲγһԲֹ

˽Ҳһʱ֮γɽ֡
һֱڻһֱûֱֹͣһУס
ƾһУһܻУȥߴݼУƾе֡
ģָջأרעڵȴһö̼Դ߶ɽķ
սʮУֺȻһһûӺ̼һѪɳԶ
룬ɽ޿ɱܣ˺мֱͦͦˣ롣
ʱȥֻһ顣
ȣǰΪһɫƥϯǰͷˣֳһŵһͷûǰ
һһɢ⡣
һ죬նϽ谭⻬ֽ˵ĺʱѪŽ
ͣ٣׳ӣΪ仯磬׺Ž跢ӳ
׳һҧȻֶɵԼؿڣ˫ЮסѪ˫ĿԲ׺ݵĶĽ
ĽüǶʯУһ䣬׳ӷ˳ȥһ͵ĹȻ
˶˽һգһֳĽ
Ľһȥ֣˲Ϊǡ
ͣһХһڹֱŶĽͷܹˣն䰵ӡ
ݺܹһ˻ƣϢװˡ
Ľо׶æܣԼһ׺Ȼİʵѷ
ˣȴһ¶ʱһ飬ͷһƣһö룬ϸë
ҡͷЦֻһϢӽŵߣת۽˵һӱƵġ

ԿЦû뵽ԼҲбһ죬﷭
˶һۣϲĽ
ⶾ֮ңһͷҲ߲סң˶רָ֣ûģԷԽԽǿԽ졣
ἤ˶ǱǰУ֮ԷһҪɱΪ
Ľ΢˫ۣ΢ӿһɫ޹⡣
ɱŭһƹ
Ľһ˻ؿڣؼʱؿںȻһݣ
顱һ죬˷˳ȥ
ĽȰһƮ׷ˣһһƣٴ׷ɣ顱顱죬غȻ
ĽۡһѪѪɫںڣֳ
վȣһԶˣǵĶȷʵ죬ססһˣһж޻ֻ֮׸
ǲ֪ԼȫڵĤ
˶ңµǣƺһ㣬ǵʳ
ĳǣʱǣʼĤŵѪȵ㡣
нղ񹦣ǿͣǿ󣬸οʼתⶾأûϻԡ
Ľһŵҩ˼Ƭ̣ڲˮʡ
;һǹվëϴ裬Խⶾʱ붨
һַǴΣôεѪ֮ⶾأ˵Ч


382 ѩ
һһʽ̫ȭ
ϣ˿ûů⣬׹ѣǱ뽫һ㡣
עɣΪκŶѪ罭תů⡣
עڶϾˣѪ棬Ϣˣһһۣ֮ʱû
ȫעڴΣģϻɫ£ӻָ
ƮһʬףĽȴ书Ϊڲ书
תȥȤŽŲ˹ʿһԣǵĲ

յʱȥĽͣüȻϵǴΣÿһͬ书
üҪڣæһ֣סڣĽʽƽƽ棬ûʲôҲòԾ
յʱȥĽݣŶϻɫһһӿȥ
ǿѹ
üСʦж˰ɣ
Ӧǣͷܿʬ߼һȦϿտգüͷЦݣʦеĶ
üԣĽһ
ҲĽ죬ʱҺڣʱӨףòͣ
ԼаʱĽð̣˿˿ƣڿƵɢΧ¶ȽһЩ
ȻǶ̣˺󣡡
һûˣȴ˼ĽվסϷλãƮȥ
ԭʦڱƶӹŹֵúܣ
ͷû뵽ξƶ˼룬ѣȻǴʦ

ŤͷʣСʲô
ҡҡͷҲãЩһûҩ
ǰһȦΧʬף˼ΣȴһЩһҲûɾ䡣
Ľͣ¶ͷһƣɷǺÿΧ¶ֽ֡
ۣɫң޹⡣
ʦôˣƿĸ첲ǰʵ
ҡͷʦ书ⶾ޷ɼðʧֱϷ
ĽҡͷЦͽ﷭һǲù
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Լ̰ͼɫʦɣһߴʦǺУ书Աȫ
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ЦЦҲãʦȷʵȱźйڣҲܷġ
ʦǱߡ¶ɫ
ЦҪʦӦģ
˵ĽߣźʳӣĽܾҲգĽһֱߣ粽룬Լ˳źˣҲûҪˡ
룬һ˾ʦ˾Ҫֿܸʦһ֣ٺòλ䲻򵥣ļƲСʦգҲصġ
л̵
Цʦѵõеɮڴʦߣʱ棬ĸϧǣ
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תһתɣȥʦ˵ڰ֣뿪
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ЦǾһ죬򡣡


387 
Ľҡҡͷˣպϸ򣬱𵢸·
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ŮԱߣʵڲʡģСԲء
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˰Σ붨Χ˼֣йԽ΢ë׵ĸо롣
ϲãϸžһӡ԰壬ֱӡС
ʼʱɣһϣ˺һȻӦγɷ䣬֮ܳ⡣
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ңҲ죬Ҳһ˲ѡ
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ͣӡٶȣãиһԼûȫϸ̽
ӡ죬һӰ˸ܿһӡԽǿ죬ջԽǿԽ졣


388 ظ
ӡȫУ֪ʱţ֪ѵ˾ʦʱýͻƣȴһֽһͱơ
ϧ˾ʦһֻգϾ˳ᣬʼС
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ϵʯͷ·࣬˲²Ūˡ

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Ľͷϸ
ԸһʯʨɭϣŶƴͭƳγΣλΣԹơ
жд֣
׳װվڴǰһһӭϻȭ񣬻ϲеӻ
òƽԼʮ꣬ޱȾ˪ǹźɷˣȻϹɱɱٵˡ
Ŵ磬δ磬ɺãȭЦЦ
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תͷʦ롪
Ľ΢Цͷ˲̤ţ뽭̵˸ں棬˼ƥ
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Ľ̾һ̤Уȷʵů紺һƬأתͷΣû
ЦʦǲǾ֣
Ľͷ죬ˮһֱµģŵҲů
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θݣò񳣬࣬ŷǰüͷŻ
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Сӣ㻹߸Ц
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ҡͷ̾һ书ʵ㲻ϺãҵǱȿɲԶѹֵû档

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ĽָָߣָָǺЦֻլӣԶ
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Ľһ񣬻Цϻû֣ҾţҸŪЩ˰æ͵Լðɡ
ĽҲûƴǣز죬һ˾˶


389 ʥ
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ЩѾ㣬ûоɫȴ˳ۣ˳֮У̬ţȻǾѵ
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ЩѾǻСϸġ

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390 
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¼ЦĽ΢

ʥ̨ףĽǰǺЦմʦɱ˶նǹҪл㰡
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Ȼʵǿ֣
֪죬ˣôǿĴڣḶ̌ԼԶ
ҪµһضԶøŬи

Ĺǳսֿۣʼ̸𷨣ʥ۶ڷ𷨼⼫ĽҲ̾
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ԭƣҲ΢𣬷ŷչͬɸ࣬췱ǣȴûһ
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ٶ𾭣һͨԼвλͷ׵ͨ𾭡
ᣬȴʤһͷ޵ķŸɮʥΪʵۣԷȴ֮νѵá
ʥ棬ϲ÷𷨣÷䲩֮ѷ˶
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Ľ˵һᵽĽ֮֮ƣҼӱһϯʤʮ֮С
ʥ۵մʦھʦɡ
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šʥ۾üë
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ʥ۴ҡͷЦʦʦûɣ
ǣҸûܼʶʦĽͷ
ʥۺǺЦմʦҲǿѣʦ£һº޾ǿ

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ʥЦƽ˵ʦѩɢö鵤
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Ľæл£ػ鵤ҹȥȥ񺮹Ҫҩ
һ֪⻯鵤Ӧò࣬ǽһţԤʥжģҪ͸ԼȻյġ
Ҫȥ񺮹ʥЦҡͷʦ书ǿ񺮹ɲ{ӣû鵤ɣ
֪񺮹Ľʡ
֪һʥ֣̫תߵǽǵǰ򿪺һµϡ
ʥָָ£ЦЩ񺮹鱨ʦ㲻а
ĽҲǰһһЩ£ٶȼ죬Լжʮ屾ʮӵĹꡣ
һĿʮУĿ˼
ʥԲüֲ𷨾ȻʾΪ͢ЧسɾͷǷ
ΣʥЦʡ
Ľͷ񺮹ȷʵһԣ¶׼
ǺðɣЩ㡣ʥ۵ͷ
Ľæҡͷҹһӣ²ɳɣٻҪ鵤
ǺðɣСΪϣ򲻹ܣǿʥԵüͣŴĽܾԺɫ
̫̾պ˱µķۡ
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ͣ۽ȴߣԴǲϲᣬ˱ᣬã˱ϲӸλĶӡ
пȴ޽ύ֮⣬ףԼλƵָߣֻźûʵ۾ǣġ

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ĽͷЦʦ𷨾ܱ֪кΰţ
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ҿʦΪʤһھʦɣȰ
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ĽЦһ£ҡҡͷȴû˵
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391 ԭί
ظ֮󣬸˵ȥ뿪ӣһ鶼ȥ졣
˵ǾʦϽڳϵĸҲʹӽ£Ҳ̫˼ɡ
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ĽƬ̣ͷе

۲һֱĽͷ̶ʱ΢Цʦ
Ľ͵߰ɣһϽȫݡ
Цһ½סҡͷʦҲȥ
ΪΣĽüëһҡͷЦΪɣǿѣİգ
ΪǸҡͷߵģΪ棬֮
ĽҡͷʧЦУֹţѲףڽУȴǧ˲ͬۡ
룬̾㻹ȥǰգҡ
ðЦ绨ѩš
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ƥһֱڳӰߣԹԵӰԲܣվڻѵߣĿŻѡ
ԼĽܸоת°̾飬Ӱ֮רעԶԶ
ҹͣ˻Ρ
ĽϥڻѶߣ΢ǰһӰһӡѸγɣѸɢĪ⣬֮УҪͻ顣

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ֻҪֹ죬һ˲ʮ˵ӡһӡǿӡ
ͷףʵףʼʱ򣬿Բͣļӿ٣ԣм޵Ĵڣһ̶ȣôϰٶһǵب
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϶裬ǵݣϴԼ֮ǿʼϴ϶ɱ
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˵ϳݣ磬ŭ֮ȻʩչѧնϣȻ֮زز
ⴳɱ֮Ͻұ˶ֻһӣȴˣȻŭ׷ɱ
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ι󣬽̧԰׵ң췱ǣ̾ϢҲزȥˣǲǣ
ĽĬȻ
¶飬ҡҡͷ˸â
ĽļңǾԶ֮ĺãúТˡ
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һұһһСףݹ
ҹɫסǵۣһһ


392 Ӫ
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СüƬ̣С㣬ѵһӴߣ
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תĽţ̵ĵҡ磿
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ĽЦЦͷ˾Ųʮ
ԣǴ磡ŵҡҡͷ
ĽЦ𼱣Ǹܺðɣ
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棿üҡͷ벻
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ĽһЦţʱϣΪ棬ײϣ߱λĻ𣿡
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ĽЦЦĵţҲˡ
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⡭̳ɣѩɢ涾̫ܵõġ
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̶ʰò¯ľУŵһƥϣȻߵĽߣԾ
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㸡һöҡ
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ϣоٶȣᣬӰһãĪǡ
Ľȴ䲻䣿
˷ܵҡҡͷĸ궯޲ôкӭŷ糤Х죬ʹء
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Ӱٶ죬ת۹ѺĿ׿ʱ˻һᴩҹգ洫޵˻
ѾС򣬵˺һܹȻһջѿķŵջʮ֮ȡ
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ӰٶȣԶʤĽԤϣʿյĿ࿴ӰҲˣһֱרۻ룬ָ֡
˻칦ܵϽ챤
챤бȴһǣλڴܶʱ¹һѩװعϾ
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ܿһլǰ
լǰòɣԼ˺ϱֱ罣գѩѹţԱֱͦ͸
ӰͣסӰ˳ϲ˲䣬
ֵңңΧܰźѩѩûӡլûˡ
ѩϢޱȣƢ
Ľָլʡ
ףɴµİ¶ɴլ
Ľ΢ۣƬ̺ʮˣһŮӣǴ롣
ԼǴһ£ŵһС£С۾ܻ飬а˸λķǻ
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ĽͷǾͺð죬һһֱӽȥˣûԼ˰ɣ
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ᣬһһ߲¾ɣǰûãڻһۡ
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䲻ŴɱԼȴãʦͨ޵طʸ

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壬ҡ̵
û򿪣𣺡ޣϴˣǶǼң
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Ѿͷﲻң
Щϸ𣺡ܣţ
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ٷϻϸ漴顱һ¶ĸ󺺣ǰͷʨĴ󺺲ͣɫҡͷΡ
Աһݺ¶ЦȻС
̵һƳٲ̤ţֱֱߣΪ֮ᣬһã˹ȥɨС˴ǰ
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꺺Ӽ״һ£վûֻ֣һһңס̵·
վǰɫձס棬Сͣڰա
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һоƽʱһ֨һ죬ķһһ֣Ц档
һЦ۽ֳβƣεһź룬𪣬Ц϶ˡ


393 
̶쿪˫ۣɺչᣬš
ȿȡֱۻûܴ򿪣ȻסؿڣҿԸͣ
һһ磬ǰסͷ󱳡
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СѾƤźϣС㣬ǲ
Ƿ򣡡̰һۡ

СѾӣЦ˵СǳȥͷģˣҲµûɣ
ѽ˵ɣ΢ЦẒ̶̌ˣԲٿɣ
Ľ֮ǰһֱǱľƣһֱѹȻĽʱж̣ûָ
ҲҪǽ˵Цһȥ
šʨӰĴ̤ǰһſڣ˫磬ס꺺ǰһ
ͳͣʱ˫磬Զƣסˡ
˶һۣͣ²ӣüëתͷĹˡ
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кԮء̵Ц
Ľ֮˵ˡ

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̰һۣϹթ
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һ죬æѾͷ˵ˣˣ
Ϊβߣʡ
̾䲻ã㻹С㣬ź򣬽ãϾѾҪź˵ģָȥۣȥﶼҪɫǲǣ
ʦƽﲻµģ¶ҹܣÿɫѽ˵ģϽİɣ
˵ţһѩãϣ齣˾ʦҽúÿ
վûʲôŮ̬ȼҲٷԣѩãһֿ
ü˵Ųø·ģֲӣΪѣԥ
Ḷ̌һǡ
һæͷҲǣ壬ǵϳɣҪ뿪
С㣬Ҫ뿪ô
̵ţ뿪ҵɱңҲûʲôӹ߰ɣˣ
áմ󺺳Ĭһ£Ӧ漴Ųȥϳ泵һְ
ȥԺվĽһϮɫɮۣƮƮվš
һˣŸԻԲѡ
ԺѾɨѩЩѩѩһ
Цǰָһ꺺ӵʦҦ壬ĻԼˡ
꺺ӳӣۣüͦǣС죬ĴǡôһĨСӣֳ
Ľһӣ꺺Ӳһ£ۣһԾĽѾγλκɭɭ
ףС㣿˽̣Ծǰֽǰӥ㶢Ľ
Խ̣𱸵С㣬ô

󱳣ѩ൧ȥЦߣҦ壬һ𣿡
˵ģҲȥģ˫ԽĽ
ƹЦҦ壬Լˡ
С㣬ǡ˵ɴۡ
̵մʦǴʦŮ
⡭⡭˵۵ɵø
̰ЦٸҦϸ˵뿪˵
ʦˡ̤ţһ˵
ѩãӺݣѩ׵ëӳӰ⣬һС
ۼɫԶѷĸס
˲ؿĽʮ΢Цһˣһ㡣
ЦЦϰˣ¶ɫ
̵İգֻסˣûɱǡ
ʦȻǳˣȱΪһ΢Ц
ĽЦЦû˵ɱʱӲȱΪΪûҪöɱ鷳
̶ֵ͵ɣô죬ڵɾ˻²ģȥ
εͷæһһˣˣѰͽ
ĽЦԣվţɮƮƮ
һһСɽ㣬Сӿ챻ѹˣЦˣԣ˭ôණģ
С㣬Ķõõ
һһ֡
ʱСҡͷһٵģ
ٷϻȻˣ̰һۡ
̾ĿͶ
̶İɡЦ
ҵÿ࣡ţֱŰѵĽݡ

ܵĴ󺺽ˣС㣬Ѿˡ
ɨһĽֿˡ
Щڣߵܣ¿Ҳһסʦ͵Ϯ
ߡմƲƲ졣
ѾĽˣܵĴܴɽ˽Ҧ˼ͬ£Ƕĺ֡
Ц壬Ҧ壬߰ա
áæӦ
̷ߣĽͣס΢ЦʦС
Ľ΢Ц˲ؿһ߰ա
̷Ľߣ߱ľĽ赭д
Ҧ˼ܴͬɽҦ˼ͬЦʲôֻ֪һӹ˯ȥˡ
ЦҦ壬Щһ￴ģ
Ҧ˼ֱͬͦһ£ЦǴӵˡ
ģЦȥ
Ǵӵģܴɽߵ
̿һĽĽЦЦҡҡͷ
ɫӲĬ̶̾˵һƬ⣬˶Ҳء
ܴɽߵˣǺ⣬Щһ˷
Ҧ˼ͬűĬȻ˿̣С㣬Ҫ೤һۣĪˡ
סͷ
˵Уһ׷¶ЦݣĵͷСŶ
ǰȣȷʵСһԶʤһ룬Ҳǿ֪ѾǲףһСԡ
լѩͣһĳǰɷǳ
̷˳ᣬһȥ
ĽȻüߡ
ˣ߰աܴɽ˳ԯӣ˦һ
Ĵ¶ʦôˣ
ĽҡͷˣӦͦ졣
ܣϳߣҶϺ󣡡Ҧ˼ͬ
Ľʦ
һ߰աĽͷԾ䵽Ӱϣ𹭼
ܴɽҦ˼ͬüָ֣ûãλʦ̫װ


394 
̵Ҧ壬壬ߣ
ǡҦ˼ָָͬߡ
ݶѩճڵڰۣ֮Ծٶ졣
΢Ʋǣ߰գ
Ҧ˼ܴͬɽĽεĵͷԾϳԯ
ݣܴɽѱ˦һ죬ߺһƥ㣬źİѩǰ
ſڳڰѩµĴլԺ˸⻪пǧ
Ҧ˼ͬվְڳأĿӳϿӹ档

Ľƥϣһչɰɰ㿿
ЩģȴҲڴ
Сĸ۸ڶܸԸ̷ģزѰˣоҵ
ƥ񿥣ͷһ״˫籦ʯ⣬͸ۣ֮ŷḻ顣
ʱеٵ棬Ūϵѩ¶
ӿ죬˸˾լʱԺӣֱӹǽͷ׷
Ҧģվסһڿŭȣӣķ
Ҧ˼ͬһְųأһָ״Цģզɽˮ꣬ټɣ
ҦģվסĪǲ󺺴ź£бһӡ
˫Ҳ°̣˫ź⣬
һڿаγ˸У뽣һֱγһɫƥ׺ա
Ҧ˼ͬĽһֱʱȴ˲һԾ˳棬νӭ
Ĵһٶ죬գ۵Ҧ˼ͬǰ˱Ҫ֡
أ绢Х
Ĵɫ䣬غɳȥ˩ߣһ³ߡ

书󺺣ɣ״ʱ֪˰㣬æ׹棬ʯͷֱֱ³
ϰ㣬ڿоǰӣ졣
飡һ죬ڹڿһţ֮ɳȥ
Ҧ˼ͬһλմʦһɣڶγ֣ȴ֧ͬʱ׼ȷˡ
˼ν书޶أҡͷ̾˶Ǻ֡
ȻһۣëĻ̌۳Լ
в׽һڹ⣬ͷһӹߴءһŭ
飡һ촫
亹ৡһӿһȦæתǽˣںİѩ֪
ܴɽɫ䣬űӣܵøЩԼҲҪŵ
û뵽ϽҶԷ˽䱸ϣլӲ֣ΧҲˣȻҡ
Ҧ˼ͬһĽЩŭղԼԼѾмˣ˼ǿ£
ƵУͣǰӰУƵĸں棬Ľϣʱһ
ÿһһ˵£ڴӣĴϣһӣ䵹˶ʮˡ
˴ϣܴɽҦ˼ͬһȺֲܲףܳ˶࣬ˮ㡣
ĽųӰȻ
ããܴɽűӣߺȣӣڴϼۣǷ׷ܣѡ
ܴɽļ٣˲ЩϢɸˣ뾡ǣñ׽
ۡһСڵϴޣǷ׷ܣ˲ˣײˡ
ɳۣۼűҪ̤Ƿ׷ۣĿá
ܴɽԾǰһƥϣ˦ӲסСȻһСӷ䵽ȺС
ǾУɳ۶ȥ㼱裬ת۳Ұ

һ·Ϻ˳㼲ܿţܴɽҦ˼ͬһڴ̶
Ͻ֮Ӵʵ֮ǿ׼Ǳӳǣֱӱˡ
˶һۣĽ
ĽڳӰϣ΢˫ۣƺѾ˯ˣºͳ·һ΢С¡
ʶĽ䲻֪书ߣȴҲǿΪ˵ͨʶʹСҲʸ԰
ɫһվڳأĽʦôߣ
Ľֱۣӻؾʦ߹ٵɡ
á̵ͷתͷ壬Ҧ壬߹ٵؼôôߡ
Ҧ˼ͬüС㣬ǵþ·һѶɴ
ЦʦǧУȡϽ׼̽ȡССϽңкξ壿
˲ԣ
ЦλǴݰɣ
Ҧ˼ͬͷȻ֪ܶԶһʤģ
Цʦǳ󹦳ɱնлĴʤ
˵ɴ۾Ľ
Ľҡͷ̣Щͱ˵ˡ
ǣʦ̹ɵӦˡ
̵λ壬ʦΪսΪʵ״ͽǽ˽ﵨٴҲƣ
ʦʧʧ˳Ľȭ
Ľʮ΢Цҡҡͷλˡ
Ҧ˼ͬǺЦһۣǿüҸϢһʹ죡
ĽЦʿʤ֮ȫҵĹ͡
˼ǫ飬Ҳ˵ù

ŹٵϱߣʦҺųϽΪϱߣǡǡ෴Ͻڴܱߡ
Ͻ֮ƣȴǺ֪˵ĽΪǨʳϽ
Ľ֮ȻʧЦΪأʼѡ
Уתܳʮ洫ٵϵѩѾɨȥ¶棬̤棬졣
ܴɽҦ˼ͬʱ󿴣һȺ׷ں棬ԽԽƥܣԲһƥ
Ľ΢ƽ֮ͣ۸ӡ
湲жʮڶоװ峤ǽʮ꣬һ˵۷壬Ϭüۼ͸ɷ
Ȼ϶ɱˣ֮ʣǳĬᶨִš
ĽܴɽҦ˼ͬо壬׷ܲɫ糣ľΪԼԶ硣
һ׷ֽ˰ףʿӹݼ⣬ֱ
飡һ죬ҾҲ
ڹ˸һ£׷ǰ˺Ĳɳȥڿлʮɣ顱һ䵽ԵѩӰ
˽һתĽ֧ͷѵǰֻȴ
֧Ǽ򣬽Ǵɳȥ䵽Աߵѩ
һѨܶһʱʧȥֵңõԪɣûж
仯Ī⣬ǰǱ죬ôһƬƣһѩ׷Ʈ
ƥڹٵϣһȺʿ׷ϣȴԽԽԶҿһֱĽˡ
ʮʿԶԶ׺ں棬ԶһԶ˵תͷȥͨ籨Ѷټ֡
ѩԽԽԽԽܣХ˳磬·ѣǰߡ
ĽӰƬѩմɾ糣ѩ䵽ʱȻһ·εǽڣ˳ƻȥ

ʮѩԽԽˣҦ˼ܴͬɽ̧ͷ죬ѩƬƬ£಻
ʦҪҪЪһЪҦ˼ͬʡ
С㣬˲£һжССΨʦհֱʴʦ
ĽҡͷϳЪ
áҦ˼ͬͷĽ״ȻʦȻɲ⡣
ܵѩＲУƥðŰӰȴûһ㣬Ȼĸں档
һʮҲſǰʮ˻ϣԶԶ׺ں档
ֹʮٵһѩ·е
ܴɽȻüģǳ˽·ǰ棡
ǰлǴḷ́Ҧ˼ͬߣתͷʵʦô죿
Ľȥɡ
ãȥܴɽݺݵĵͷ˦һ죬ߺȣּӿٶȡ
ƥУһս棬ƿܵѩźڹٵϵʮ˳˹ȥ
Ҧ˼ͬ΢۾ǡӣ
ܴɽһߣӶӣڣû˻ͷ·ǼҲҪȥ
ǵҲǣҦ˼ͬͷ
ϽҼҹɭϣһѳֹ׷ɱ總֮ңʹػؼ壬Ҳ
ѽڷϣһǻ˷˵Ķ顣
ǰ洫һʵҦ壬ܴ壬ͣһͣСֶм仰Ҫ˵
󣬴ѩƴɢ
С㡭Ҧ˼ͬһ£
ͣһͣɣ̳ĬƬ̣̾Ϣһ

ͣ£ƥشϢţŰѩ䵽ðŰϣʱѩˮ¡
³Ҧ˼ͬ潭̣С
ܴɽóһëһĽ̵İΣĽļġ
ӰͣԱߣһͷǰʮ
һԾ£ǰ˼ǰ
ͦΣĿǣüë罣͸Ӣѵһӡ
Ľ⣬˽̵Ĵ磬ˡ
Ẓ̌̾ϢһӣôˣôȻҪ뿪
ĿͶĽΪǺô
һ˲˲ҡҡͷ磬Ȱһȥô
ӵӣɵôߣǾСݣ뿪ӻ˼ѵôֿܵΣϽҵС㣡ǻȥɣòã
ҡͷ磬˶磬ǵɱңҲңҲˣ뿪
أæ
ЦЦѲУǴĻᣬ۴㣿պΪٻ
㣬һʲôӺߵ
ҡͷ㲻ض˵Ѿȥģ
ɵѾͷǺο࣡̾Ϣ
̵˼ϽҸһ¥Сþǰشˣ
˵Щ֮硣ҡͷЦ̾Уȴ˵δزһ£ȷʵһˡ
üƬ̣ҡҡͷ磬СòٰˣպϾʦңСþʹ˰ݱ𣡡
˵գһת˳ᡣ
ӣһæе
ЦҪô
¶Ϊɫ̾ϢӣǸµҲΥǻȥɣ
üƫҪߣҪ䣬ǲǣ
Ǻο࣡Σǲ뿪ģ㲻֪¼ѣڣӵ
һۣ³ᣬ壬Ҧ壬ȥ
ϣӦһҪǰ
ڶоװˡ


395 ɱ
Ľ΢۾ûжҦ˸ֶ
书ߣ±ռϷ磬ܿҪ֣Ӱڰ֣˹ԶһסҦˡ
̶ѾѩãһĽС֣ҡͷ̾Ϣ
ҪġǿЦЦ
һĲͣ³ĽĻԼ汻ʦ˵ˣıˣǰҲֽô
԰ףղŵĻͣظŴ񣬱飬̸뿴ǲɱԼ

ߺȻĽº͵̡
æ̽ӣȥʦ
ĽڳӰϣ֣Ʈǰ¶ɫ
Ľ簡⣡
ʦˣ΢䡣
ĽͷƳ˶һۣ뽭ӵϣɭʳ
ĽջĿ⣬ɱڲסҲоɣ
ͷ̾ʦҪɱô
Ľͷˡ
Ҹô죿ҧűĴã
Ľº͵̣ҰɱΣ
ɱˣüԥ
ĽЦ첻ɱûңɱ֣ʬѺˡ
̳ɵϾҴ硭ң˵ֻ׽ȥء
ĽҡͷѣƣȥӣҪӣҲ֮ꣿ
ɡԾɳɡ
Ľڰ֣Ұգȥá
ʦҪüĽ
ĽЦһῴŰģİա
ڰ֣ʾȥһ
Ľֻӻ֣Σֻصᡣ

ѩ׷ףܴɽҦ˼ͬһģսУѩһΧϱ飬ΪϸСѩ
书Ҳӹ֣˽ӵ
ܴɽҦ˼ͬϽңǰĸ֣ʱȴӣ޷
һ߶֣һƳĽߣҲΧסĽǿȫˣҡ
ϽҶͽпúܣ
ͣͣͣͣĵХУĵڹܴɽΧһ¡
ĸ¸ַ˳ȥѩУ֪
ܴɽһ½ţŭһԾӶӣݡ
ƥѩΪһ壬ͨףܸܵɭɭɱܡ
ߣӰǰǰӽǰͷƥ
飡һ죬ĽϹҾҲڹӽն˷ɳȥѩѡ
ĽֻΪһӰӣ顱Уһڹÿһڹһˡ
ת۹ǰڸֽԲ䵽ߵѩ֪
ܳ˰ףҦ˼ͬܣŵĶĽ⼸ʮ֣һգ۾ͱɨˡ
ЩǸ֣ǷӣҲǲᶯİӣȴƫƫһ˼ίʵηɲ
Ҧ߰աĽ΢Ц
ãáҦ˼ͬæӦӹԭصĽӣת׷Ծԯϡ
ѩԽԽëƮɡ
һ򣬽ͷһѩĽ翴㣬һģ
ĽĳӰӰͨǰͣ£бǲм
ɨһ۳Ӱŭ߯ɶ񣬾Լ

ĽӸ£ӣɱ̰ɣ
ʲôˣӻعüʡ
ϰͷ˵Ǳͷ
һϽҵļ£ٹܣĪǻ
Ľ𹭼ҡͷһֱţĴ磬ɱԼ벻ͨ
Цݵúø飬ĪĻ죿ĪҪóߣ
ĽЦͷȷ֮ˣ̿ƾȴˣתҲԩ
ӵϽļ£֪׻˵Ѷϼ£㻹ǺúĪЩΪã
ɨһΧлһѩûվ׶༪ˡ
ɫ뼤ŭĽɱģһԼ˹ĪļԼ
ĽҵļˣܲɱԹۣվ
ЦӣɱǺ㣬ηʥӹյʦΪ
Ľ̾Ϣ
ûͨᱻƭϣͬӹɢ֮С
Ť׵仯Լ壬ֻҪΪ룬ʲôģһжȻʹ£Ҳ
Խܳܣȷʵһۡ
ֳǽ̵ĲңûԼʬ纮졣
˵档ĽҡͷһӸǰķɺһصӰϡ
Ӱ˻һת۳֮⡣
飡Ʋ䵽ٵϣȣһ¼Ȼ
ѩ׷ףܿ콫ס
Ľ׷˳һԾ˳Ӱ󱳣Ľǰʱ
ǣĽɫ
Ҧ˼ܴͬɽզ࣬һۣæͷתҿû뵽Сʦˡ
Ǹ棬֮пǧǰǿΪߣʶĽļźˡ
մʦ˾֣ǰ;ܳΪŮˣȷʵٺòǿ̴С˵ͣڸŮ顣
ȴժȥˣһ¿ġ
ųӷ϶ȥһæֳӣ
ȥɫһΪæһĵСϣˡ
򡪡ˡĵС֡
һۣҿĳۣ
ٺ٣ʲôѽƲƲ죬ΪȻèӣٿ
ҡͷʵŰɣ̶û˳
ޡʵĵͷ
ѩ׷УǰĽΧ·εӣѩΧֱӻȥմ
ֲ̼֣ʦ
ˡĽ
̻תͷ촽һӽߣš
ڵĺˣղżûôֱ࣬ԾˣȻĸҦأСѾͷƬҲˡ
Ľɫ䣬Ųӣƣܽذ̽һ£ȷʵԣһ󺦣Ϊá
ˡŤһֱӵ
ܴɽҦ˼ͬûͷһֱһ
Ľţ飬ɱ죬⣬ǶҲ׶༪١
ôˣüǰʣһ˿ܿ챻ӵѹ£ĵ׷һ˿ˡ
ĽҡͷǴһƣжˣˣҲɱ֡
⡭̳ɡ
ĽЦЦպ֪
̼ƶˣʦͨ˵֪
ķ·ѹһʯͷؿһ޻ѹֻ֣ĻĪ
һ±˻ɫҲûɫʣһжòʵʲôģʲôǼٵģ
СԼ谮Լѵ⣿ѵһжΪ˼λӣ
˻ϣȨôҪΪ飬һУ

ʦңȻתͷ
Ľüëһң
ǡͷᶨ
ĽͷţЩ˵
ھͳң̵
ĽЦҡͷҿɲһʱѪأնʱܳң򣬽ػڣн뻹ǲˡ
ĬȻٶ˵
һƬ䣬ĽĪİȫůûиָо뿪װͿ뿪
ĽҲӰСܣ֮Լʱ˽һӣҼջЪ
ܴɽæȥƥҦ˼ͬȥ̽ϢĽط˫ֽӡγһָӰ
ʮ˵ӡΪһӡʵף˾ȡֻ֮пץһʱ
๦ѩɢԵǳ˵׼ʲô仯һ书ܳ϶롣
ֻվϾʱܾתϴ辭Ķ׼һ
һ㶯򵥣ڶѱøӣƵ軨ʱ䣬ྫ
תϴ辭ڶֻһ򣬲̫üɣϧѩɢҽЩӾܳɡ

һСԺڶݣĸŮڶݣĸŮ˻һ˵
зٻ⣬С֣Ц̶ӳˣôˣ
ǿЦЦ
Ѵ罭ӱɱ˵ĽٻĴȲôɱɱ
ٻС֣Ц̶ʲô¾͸˵˵Ƴ
ûʲôҡҡͷ
ٻ΢Цմʦʱʶģ
ûжãôʡ
ٻЦҿǺأŮ
ˣæʦǳ˵ģ
ҿԻٻЦ
ҡͷнܻ׵ġ
£ٻüźҡҡͷʥӢӢȴ֣
æº˼ģҸʦ޶Ů˽飬ֳġ
ѽٻͷ
һƲƲ죬⣬ǵֳǸѽ˶Ӣۣǰ书С㶯˴Ҳġ
вǣвһǾˣ
˵ȻһЦԺﴫ
̻ɫ䡣
ٻü겻ɢô׷ˣ̶
ɫãû뵽ô͸˹ˣպޣּžη
ȥ˵ҧҧķٻ֣תݣ̨̤ϡ
ѩ£ԺѾһ㣬ʱԺվˣмѩ׺멣񣬴һĨСںڷӢƮݣ͸Ӻݻ
˫ۿؼ䣬䣬ɭϡ
վߣŰɫ磬ͷëñӣòƽȴӤ
ĽһϮɫɮۣվ̨ϣü
ϽҹȻ鴫λǾ֣ԼǶ֡
ȰˣһָĽ
쪣ӰóһƬӰӣһѩһӰӣʱʧ١
̽ŵĶƬӰӣҧӣ
ʦ书ǿ˽书ǿᣬ˭ҲûǶ֣˼˿Բǲǡ
һȻ书ˣʦܲܶùǣֻܿһƬӰӣ嶯


396 
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һְڷٻⱳģһְ̱ģһƻסŮһǰƣԿųˮѹ
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ִģסХףǰһ󷢺ڣǱӿͻԡ
ǸҪХȻֹĽƮȻأתͷ
תϴ辭ɣʱ⣬˲ֱӡ


397 ո
һߣѩɢǱ
ĽԼ㣬ϽҶԸˣȴҰɣ׼ҪͷѪ˵Ҫ
ˣһƴƿȫעھתϴ辭ڶ㣬һΣĵڶ㣬
ֱӱһĤ
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䲻书ĿȾʶȴǳ
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ʣʦ书ѩɢɽˣ
ĽҡͷûУ˶ȷʵŹ֣ǵȥһˣͳɣȥ
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һֻһźɫ٣ɫ㣬תһ֪ǷƷ
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òڣйɫ֮ƣӹŹ֣Į飬ӽֻһӡдա
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ܶӣΪһݣգϧԸݵģվɾޡ
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ĽټãԾľ˵лոֻһˡ
ԽԽߣɢΧƮ
֮Уʱţתһӹˡ
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ߣٷϻҺ棬ߣŮһۣûתߡ
ĽЦЦŮ棬ո
Ůߣϸ߼ϸŤ֣ŵ


398 
ŮһԲǰ·Χ÷Ʈ
÷ŵСϣܿӴ߹ǰԺԺӣǰȻһ
һ¥÷ֺУԶԶȥƻԻͣӳҹգһƮƺʼԶ
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ѧȷʵʢԶʤܣһּ࣬ƾʤܾǶ֡
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˵۸һŮӲӢۣ¹ƿɲʲôŮӣ۸һҲ޷


399 ҩ
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ĽЦţһֵƱϡ
ůʮ㣬Ķһʱź촽鵭Į䡣
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˻񣬴Ůҧݺݵ޲ǰ
Ľ΢΢һЦתˡ
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Ľҡͷ̾ϢţΪ˻ȥʲôóλܹ£ӷ𡭡
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֪ͺáƵͷһۣҵطգ
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ЦƳһۣ²ͣĽüûЩ֣òס


400 ֶ
ĽԣòףȴҲڡ
˳СϱϣȻǺҹȴַǳ
յô硣
Сؽ̳¿ƮΧһһθڴ󿪣Ľ̿ˮ
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翪ţŮӴ飬мŮĽʱۣˡ
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ʵҪһ̣һһ̣һ̶˵Ƹǰ
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ĳǽܵסһָ֣Ľȴ̹;ͣס
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ĽʮһЦŵͷʧˡ
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ڸмãǸĹֱ֭
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ð˿˿Ƭ̺һᣬеϢȥתЩ
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뵽ˣЪϢһХԶһ˻ҹգվ
Ӱһʸƿٿĳǰ
ĽƮƮ䵽ϣһĳӰӰʱ۳ңһһܿ뿪˹Žǡ


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ȴ⣬һ䵭ģ̲ס붺ӶҲ֮ԡ
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һɫƥĽΧһػĽԱһ©
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ڶʽһззķ죬ύ㣬תݣᣬգụάƽ⣬ɶֵתΪԼġ
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ۣĽΪǰһѩ塣
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404 
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ŵЩ鷳Ķˣĸˣ
ȣȻһ֮
ԲŮһ죬ҹɫΣûҲѾԼ̫סһСаˣˡ
뵽ᣬ书سŸ֣ˣʦųܲˣһ𣬲Ǳ㣬ʤ
뵽ЩأҡͷС㣬ΣҪˣҪʬܴ⣡
ף֮׷

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һ³ȥʮҲһ֪Ľû֮زز


405 
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ղԼо˿̽ȴûΪǴģйֶΣԶԶԼ

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ķ죬о˿ܷ̽ѾԶˡ
ԲŮʣС㣬ǻȥ𣿡
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ԲŮΣŮ治ɫɫƽ
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Ľɫ΢䣬ֱֱˣ米һ͵һ˲们⣬ѳİΧһ
׷ֳֽࡣ
ֽһã˲֪ȴ¶ˣѩľŭ
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룬ţҿǻǵȵȰɣС书պз˵ģ
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ۣһƣߣ
Ѩٽ⣬ָȴû΢Ӷ
ʱƣɫɮԹĵģ߻ħûᣬܷŹ


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ԺнǰΣžȻԼһƣʵʵʱӡ
ԼҲԼ֪߳ܣȻ
һʯڸǰƱ򣬸Ҫ֮ʣּæƹۿ


409 
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ҧˣЩ֣ˣƽƽһУɽ¶ˮȴǸ֣
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һɫɮۣüëѾɢݹѩյǰһ㽿޹ת
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񺮹˵ֱͬСɣ˭ôĵӣ۸Сϣ
ưһۣ̣ҼѸң
ޣŶԶԣγѣæĵͷתߣܿһ
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Ѿ侲һһص·ϣѾ˸ţҶʣСĵС㣬Ļȥɡ
ƲƳһۣۣȴͷ

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ǲʩչṦ·һͣЪǷ˿һԲͷУƴȫſϵϡ
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չһͣԲЪ߲ݣϻز׺ɽ

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410 
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˭ѽʦ֣ʦӡ
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ʦ̫ııⱾűɵõ
Ľ̾˿֡ʦ㣬Ǻģʲô书
һٿһµĽƮƮһġ
Ľбһױܹ
һɣȴѧƣ񺮹ľѧһ·֮ϷѾܳȻЧ
֣ͣһУɱ½ʦǡ
ܿ죿ʽ죿Ľʡ
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ʦ̫Ȳȥ̫ʦա
ǡĽͷ


411 
ĽݼͣûԼСԺ÷Ժӡ
ʱ֣ģ÷ĵСԺڣ÷ȫУ̺ӣɹ̫ɫȴ԰ûһ˿Ѫɫ
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С㣬ɺЩҪҪȥ˯СԲʡ
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÷ЦСԲСֵģҲҪɹɹ̫Ҳãϡ
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÷ҡͷЦЦտȻҲ£˵£ҩʯҽ
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Ƶʦ㿴Щա
÷ͷ֣ôȤСԲ㲻׼ɽ
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ʦ¼ᶨ˺СԲΣҧɿڣûдӦǵСԲһա
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ʦ̫ĽǰտȻ˵˲׺񽣣ʦʦ岻ţ뿴α
˶Ǿһ
Ⱥ߳һŮȭͷʦһʦܵĲ׺񽣰ա
ʦ̫תͷЦӨ֣ò
׺񽣡ŵǵۡ
׺񽣿ǲ׺ɵɾѧϧѾʧտȻʦɣǵɴ۾֮
ʦ㣬룡Ľ̤У졣
쾲ӨƮϸָ̨Ľ


412 Ƕ
ĽҡͷЦ
ʦ˵˵һʿʦãֱһУŪ֮ӡ
ˣٶ棬ֻӲͷƤˡ
쾲Өϴ̣ǰһĽؿڡ
мһֱ֪ûУһ㣬ò׺ŽڵӰԺȲʣԼ硣
Ľָƽ죬ؿʱվŲȭ̴Ĵָң⡣
͡һХһ죬ĺȻĽ
ĽմĴָʳָ
һ
ĽʳָỮݺ쾲ӨγѣӽһţƥγһĻԼС
ͣ쾲Өͣĺˣһ˳⡣
ǿĿɿڴĽֻʳָ쾲ӨƴĻӽǳͣĺˣȫѹƣ
ǲ׺񽣣˵̾ҡͷѡ
룬ʦĽ಻ò׺Ž裬ԼһԼӦǲɡ
⽣ʣȫƾо·һϹӣ˴ʵڱ̫òܲסˡ
һ׺񽣣˸̾
׺ֻһ˵˲׺֮ϧʧֻв׺ָ档
׺ָѾǿк˵УµĽָȴǲ׺񽣵Ƥëѡ
ǵÿˣȴ鴫ĽֶֻỮʳָͰʦƳ
ʦĽеһ˴ʦ㣬˿ɱȣƽʱûд裬֪
Ľ࣬ǵᣬȴڲס顣
쾲Ө侲ǻۣʱȴ޼ƿʩͣͣ٣Ϯֱˡ
ʹˣҲĽ飬ϴһ飬ǿһЩˡ

ҲһУӰһһòŮĽߣӽ̣졣
СѾͷüʦ̫ҡͷЦ
𪣬˫ȤĶĽӱȻ͵ϮҡͷʧЦ
޷Ҳáʦ̫Ц
ӱ纮ǣ˲䵽ĽǰһԾӢӵĹ
ĽСĴָ
һ죬ⱻĽҼ绮
ӱæƣƽĽСĴָһ㣬Цʦãɲѽ
һ죬ӱһ
ͬʱĽʳָڶݺᣬ쾲Өӽͣɣûоɡ
ӱȻһЦһ䣬ʱĺĽ
Ľҡͷŵһӣ۳һŵȥӱѺջȥ
һһգǾĹ
ĽԵͷʦõ书ǳΪӢӣʹĩһλҲж֮
ĽЩͬʱʳָỮ쾲Өֱһɣһ˸ɣʮԶ
ʹ˾룬쾲ӨԾ͸ƴӽܵסݺĽԼܡ
ӱһðӽĽСĴָӦԣԽܼ
ո֣ЦһĽ󣬻ӽ
ĽЦʦ̫Ƶ
ҡͷ䣬һ˲䵽ǰƵӽԱ

˳У֪ΪʦʦΪβһǰһֿȺһֻϵָλƣһǰһһһңǶޡ
Զֲ֪ǲ룬ǲܣΣȴԵǳһϣֱӱѹƣȴ

ӰһƺȻ֣ӽĽһһģƵŮ޻֮
զ಻ѡ
Ĳ׺񽣣̾
һŵӵɴ۾ļٵģ
۷׷ףɴ۾ƣ´ʲôԼĽ֣ҪӦ
û׺񽣵ǲ֪Ψᣬ֪֮
ת۹ǧУŮԱƵ̨һǣϱҪ̨ĽվŮλã磬Ϸ
Ů㺹죬һ֣ͣıʱأڣֱ˹Ϣ
СӣҲ֪飡ʦ̫һۡ
ĽӣǺЦһ
üʦ̫ҡͷʦãԩտȻˡ
һӱǰְѳϣһصԭأͷһ
УΪƬء
Σüʦ̫ЦЦҡͷʦãҲס򣬰ָ˾ģɲ
ʦ̫˼£ֱֱһָʱΪһƬ
ʦ̫ߵѽСӣҪǵĽ
ĽЦʦŪģҵѽ
ʦ̫һۣٷϻ
ĽεͷðɣһŪλʦʦõġ
˵򽣹ȳýɽŪʦ̫Цӯӯĵ
Ľͷǣ
üʦ̫ҡͷЦЦտȻ׺񽣾ô£׺ָʲôһģ
׺׺ָʣ
׺ָÿһХָ䣬ƿ޷⡣
ᣬСĴָָϢʳָѵǲ׺ָ

üʦ̫һֱЩɣʦù⼤ʿȴмʵ׺ָҲܰѽ顣
Ľʦ׺׺ָ࣬ؼðѲ׺Բ
ô˵Ѳ׺Բˣüʦ̫ʡ
Ľͷӽҡ
üʦ̫ʮһ񣺡ϲۣڱӣ˲׺񹦣ǲ׺ɽ
տȻ֪ǲ׺ɽǰµһɣϧ󱲵ܣûˣ˽죬˸ɱǾӢӣǿ̣벻̣
ʦģʵһֻĽ
üʦ̫Цã׺гɣݺ£ɽɣ֣ܳǲ׺ɽ
ǣĽ֣صͷ
üʦ̫ºʹ飬ƽͣȻ˵ôһΥƽʱȡ
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Ľȴףһ½ǵԴʦ˺󣬳Ĳۣէɽѧ֡
ºȻڣһ£տȻ㹥һ
һֱ˵ء
Ľͷʳָһ͡һХָƫһܣ֮ܿ塣
ĽüëʦȻоҵʳָ˸ʮкȻƽƽƳơ
顱һ죬ƽƽһԶ
ջƣףȻǲ׺񽣣
ٴƳ顱һ죬שѣȴǰѲ׺񽣵Ľ˳
׺񽣵ĽʵʣѰɼ

޻ɣ׺ȷʵˡ
ĽĲ׺һֵʵˣڵǾܣ׺ֲ׺ɽνһϲ¡
׺񽣵µһ֮ƣݺ֮£˿ɵԼ׺񽣣ɺ¡
ʹԼɣ׺ɽд˽Ҳε壬˭׺ɽ͸ܲܵס׺񽣡
ԭ֮ʱɢ仹ѹȴΪ׺ɽ±Ȼ죬ƴ
Ľ⼸ҲæúܣŮָŵ
ÿһʱ䳡Ͽָ㣬ؼ书Ƶתϴ辭㡣
Ķ̫ƵѣЩתţǰѧĶû֡
ԼСԺٴ붨
źϸ΢ޣǰɻƲ㣬̫Ĺԡ
ǰŹһףĽû֡
֪˶ãɢȥǰ»ָڰԽԽڣ̫ɽĺɫӿֱҹɫŨ
ǰһƬڣĽĲһ˿ǿ˵Ķʱʮֱӳȥˡ
ʱЧ֪˶ãڰ֮Уʱŵٶȱ޵ķŻˡ
ǹ˺ܾãǰȻһ߸һ£ȥһԽԽŵĹâˡ
Ľһǣһǡ
һĻʶ漴𣬵γʱֹһĻΣһģһǴ
עǣ֪˶ãһͷע£һ´붨
Ѿ壬æ߶ȴˮһˢȴı䲻ˡ
ģ߶ˢһһ顣
̫Ӷ𣬵˰գִ£һʱȥˣСԺһֱڰУûš





413 ඥ
ҹɫˮһ˶ϣӣƺƵһһˮƵˢɢ
ɢűϢƵɢ⣬裬Ҵ嵽ĵףٵԺܸܵ⡣
׿УһĹע뽫ź׺񹦾繯ȴΪ
һһ˼ѧѰ;뵽˾ķ֮У˷ΪԵ
ڶľʱ˷´󹦣ΪԪԣľá
׺ãɻתԵˮ֮ԣԲ
ķȴͰԵʧԲ̫ƫȴʺϣǽͽƽʱǽѣضΣͽá

뵽ʼתķ
ķһתѸתǰˮΪҽýղ񹦻壬ȽԾ𺦼
ķ֮£Ѹڻת۹Ѿɢȵ
ٴα任ķת˲׺񹦣ı仯ԭɫһ⡣
ޣǿᣬޱȣѷ֣ʵ̫ϡûС
Ȼһоһ룬Ȼر·ӵʵ
أø
ĸо˵壬ȴʵĴڣһƳ顱һ죬ǽϳһӡ
֮ӺڰһƬӡϲָᶯָ͡һоָ΢
ʩչ׺øʵУһѰ潣һؽ׹֮ԡ
һָٿջأת磬鶯ߡ
׺׺ָȻͬһָȥٲջأǰȴļ⽣ָһֱɢȫΥʶ֮С
޹ֺ׺ɽ̴˽ݺ޵С

Ľȴû޵иУã׺ɽǰ̴޵Уʵڽңǵʱָϡ٣ɽϻӳƴ
˴˽޵Уȴܡ
׺񽣣ѰĽǹΧɫǳϾ֣Щʲô
ֵĸо۹·˷ʹ۾ܸܵϮ俴ȴܸܵõ
Щֻ֣ҪԶʤĽϱϲ׺񽣣Ҳ̫Կ
һؼΪߵ͡
ȻĽ൱ϲ׺񽣣ҪԿʤĽԶʤ
ĽȴҲף£ʤķ죬Ҳ
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ִ˲ƣٴνǹ⣬ǹ⣬΢۾һƣȴӹ
ĽΣֻð²ᣬ齣뿪СԺ̧ͷ̫бա
ʱ緹Թˣ緹ûʼûˣȥҲ״룬Ų÷СԺ
÷СԺУ÷ɺģ÷ʢļڡ
÷мһƬСյϣ÷ƣСԲ
÷һɫ˫룬籦ʯһѩһȾ粻ʳ˼̻ӽѩ
СԲɫüЦ

СԲɽָһ£ָһ£üŪۣЦС㣬ʦ㣬տȻؿ¶׺ɽһ֣
÷Цҡͷģǲ׺ɽвٸ֣ںɽ
֪ѽǲ̫ǣСԲ
÷ţ̫ǣһﳤŮӣأӲ¡
֪տȻ޼ʱǳСԲƲ
λǰҲĽܣԲΪȻ
÷ҡͷǧСЩǰտȻ裬Щǰ֣һҲס
տȻʲôѽСԲʡ
÷ӦŹ򣬻߻ħٴҲģ֪ء
һֱţ˵Ϊһסܣܲ͸硣
һ죬һ
üɫȻһ֮ΪסԲιĻڵС
д죬ֵʱҪײɢ
տȻСԲȡ
Ľ÷ŵСлƮƮʳָԶһָղס
ȥ÷Ȼһ䣬
һ漴תƮƮ䵽֡
ղų֣类ɣãֻųߣżûá
нһ˲ɻʱѻָ
ѽտȻ͸СԲ˹ȥҡĽۣ
ĽǺЦҡͷ뿴ʦõĽ
ߣʦ㽣죬ãҲ佱ţСԲƲ
ĽͷʦĽȷʵ
ҡҡͷʣûһۣŭ˪ʱɢķ顣
Ľͷһ
ԿЦԴƴһȣȥɫ䣬ɫоԽԽԽԽǿңе̰ӱ֮С
ڣ׶ģҲġ

СԲҶˣŪԵġĽ
СԲЦ춼ûԷɣ
죿ĽȻ
СԲͷѽûС˵ܴţ˯
ĽЦҿɲ㣬˯ôõ
Ҳ˯ôõġСԲ͵͵һ÷
÷ЦЦû˵һ
ȥ÷Ц
úãȥСԲæһ̶ܿˡ
ģĽҡͷǺЦСԲѾܵǰתͷݺݵһۣŤͷˡ
÷ʣ˿öͷţһģʸˡ
÷ʦ㣬˺ðգĽʣԱߵǧϡ
÷ЦЦѾްˣʱɽ
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÷Сһεĵ书ߣֽթײУ
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תƣʦҲˣ
ףһЦĽ¶ɫưʱһ죬Ťͷȥ⡣
Ľ֣ȴûͨͨǶҲ̫ͨȤˡ
÷ǻ۹ˣʾ㣬ѾףƵѷһ㣬ʵˡ
׺ؾ磬ԺúҪûԣһӣ㡣
ǲ׺񹦵ķˮ죬ͻƣȫƾԣӲãӱڵ˺ܾá

ô㣬ΪĻ̫ԣԴ껭Ľ뿪˲׺ɽ
˼أ޷Ž⣬˼ˣ㳣ȥۿĽĻԻ˼
ÿοĽĻƺܿĽͨЩ·߽Ľ
ÿ춼ҪŻһӣ֮԰ΣСԲ÷ĽȴñķӼ˼ǳĽСԺϢ
ưϲûиˣԼܣĽĻܵĽϢѷڵСԺ
֪У·߽˻ĽľΪһ壬Բ׺񹦵ͻͽ
һֱרעڽڲ׺û̫ȴ죬Ȼ׷ƽ÷
÷֮ߣ׺ɽӺ˵£˿棬׺񹦽Ҳ졣
ܹ׷ƽ÷ʵھˡ
СԲ˵Ĳ㣿Ľһ۹ƣˣȴҶ࿴Ƥῴŭ
ţϲ͵÷ͷ
ĽĲ㣬Ѿˡ
ǵҲǡ÷ͷСԲϾܽĲ㣬ྫӢƽҲ㶪ˡ
һûһ˵ϷޣǣйһܽӴͻһʱһΡ
ĽΪΣȴû뵽һȻ˲׺ɽһжָԭ״ֻУûΡ
ʱŵĺܿ죬һСԲһḷ̲̌ˣһͱ
һ紵÷У㣬ĽĶӹǵ÷빬Ц

տȻСԲḷ̌ԱߵСͤУ̬֦
ĽŮȥһˣǶԹˣĽԣһ߸˵л
Ľһ߳Բˣһ˵Ƿֻ򵽵㣬Ҳض࿴ˡ
һ÷ʡ
Ľ棬ߣСԲĽʱ˿ǡ
Σ÷빬ϰΪ
Ľһҡҡͷˣϵľ粻й׼ڡ
δڣ÷ʡ
ĽЦ÷ҵĹඥ
ţⷨӺã̫ˣ÷ü
ඥ֮ǷŸɮɣǽԼԷûǿ
Ľ˷Ÿɮѣඥһ£ǽԼľˣһս
ĽЦǲ׺ɽһЩ޷
ʦˣ÷ʡ
ĽҡͷҪն࣡
ѽ÷ҡͷȴȰ֪£ôȰҲûõģңӢ޲
ϸʣԵȴܿԹ⣬ȻʼŮඥ
Դӽ֮òûǿȴʱ䣬һθŮඥĽԸо
ԭඥһΣȥľһӣʹѵһȴȻֻ΢ƣһЩˡ
һŮඥ꣬ȻϢֻ˰칦򣬵˰±
ĺɫ֮У÷µĳУ΢۾ŮڶǶչ̬罣衣
гһ̾Կһܣ׺Žϣͬ
÷Ľչ󷽣ȴݣ汸ƽƮ⣬СԲģȴ롣
̬ͬһǵĽǴʦڣʦԽ֮򣬸ʤԼʩ̣ʦ緶
۹֮ʣߺȻȣտȻ޼
̧ͷܣûжŮˣ۾ۣ֮޼
ɫ΢䣬վЦ÷ʦ㣬ʦãСԲǽɣҾͲˣȻȥ
ŮӦһʧСԺС
Ů֣ͣһۣԸк棬ֹʧȴݣǶ˽⣬֪еˡ


414 
Ľ˸£޼С
޼ڣʦ̫ϥ˫ֵģ΢һͷڡ
ӶǺţˮʪѣ¶ߣĽ࿴ϥʦ̫Ƶġ
˿˿ƶɽȥüͷһʦң񱩣ʧرԵ
ʱģͬһͷʧصʦۼźľϱҪʧأһüʱ
أʦҲòƴȫʩչܣԼ
ڲ֪ʦ֮ʤԼһ˵ԼǶ֣ʤ˵
֮ǰΣԼæҲޣԼȴ
ȴͬıչأ繯˿˿עܹ֮ʦ

ʱţɫǺ죬ָȻǺ죬ֱףܶʼѭΡ
û뵽ʦ˿񱩣ҪǣʦʦģһΪһ塣
Ҫͬʱʦʦ˵
ת۾Ʋʦ߻ħʦƲԼʦ㱾ʤʤʦȷʵǡ
ǵʱ̫أʦ˲ֻ֣ŪľأԼڡ
ͷһת뵽Щ漴רע˵
Դþתϴ辭ڶ㣬֮ԴԴϵľ֮£ǿѹס
Ů֮糱ˮһǺ䣬֮ǿĽķ֮ʵǿᡣ
ʹ֮ӦŮǳһǺ죬æʩչԪָ
ԪǿѨȪۣת۹ָ
һ߲һȥȥױͣ

֣ŮѾָ糣棬δ壬˳
Ľȴɫ԰ףһŰֽûһѪɫ˫ü͸㲡
תͷϱϼӳһƬ졣
Ѿǰ˰æ˰ʱ䣬תͷŮ
ʦʦ㣿
Ƴ̾Ϣʦ̫ۣ˹бۺݺݵ££
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ʦ̫ݺݵ첻տȻڣҪ
ʦҡǸȻĿһĽʦܣ㲻Ҫɣ
Ľҡͷʦ㣬ô£
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ĽЦӡ
ʦ̫£ݺݵĵϵطǲ׺񹦣òϡ
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ʦ̫һۣ¸飬λѾͷȥһ꣬ûУ
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ĽЦһ̫ˣʦƽʱ͵ʲô鶼Ǵʦ㴦ޣû˴ʦ㣬ǲ׺ɽҪˣ
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ĽĿɿڴæҡͷʦ
ô˵ˣʦ̫ڰ֣һۣϽɣȥúõϢĪԪ
ʦĽæ
ʦ̫һɣĽʱȻεĵͷ

Ĳʹʵھл־ڴˣһ书Ϊµһ֡
ڲ׺ɽȨ˿ģôʦõѡ
Բ׺ɽ˵֮λʵûʲôջ󣬼ʹѰӣ£׺ɽػȫԸ
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޼ֱӻ÷СԺ
ÿӢӷֵԺӶС÷СԺƽʱסˣԼСԲйơ
СԲʹ˾ӢӣԲԼݣһ̺÷һֱ÷ߣǻ
ÿһӣռݣ᷿סһ֡
ĽʱСȲģæʸղųʲô£ĽЦ˵ʦ٣ҪɽģŮûҴ
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ĽҡͷһɽѰ´˵ա
СԲƲƲС죺ߣʲôһѽһλ֪أ
ĽЦŰڰ֣ҴӦʦҲӦСԲѽͱûȤ
һ˵СԲˡ

峿ʱ֣ϼ졣
Ľһɫɮۣ߹һ˿վھ޴ǰ
ǰվˣʦ̫Уüʦ̫ұ£Ȼ
ʦ̫Ľڣ̾տȻɽǧСģһԱΪҪȥˣǲ⣡
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ʦ̫ͷţ̽˾ǣҪԶ֣ΪʦҪԳ֣澲Ǳ𣡡մʲôţ֪֪
ĽЦǣʦ
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415 
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416 
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ѹսĽߣ֮ɢ㣬һĽС
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417 
վϣɽȣȴû˼⣬Լںʱ֣
˯֣֮ǵ֮ǰ˯ʱ
˼֮ʱǰȻһĽ֣һԲͷһ
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418 
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Ľʰ׵Ͼ¥˶¥˼俿λںλû
ĽһͷһƤññͷһһ֪Ƿ͸Ӻݹ
һѩãͷһ飬תӳܽذӣݹѩ
һһ֪ǸСС̺΢Цв֮
ĽҲûСƲˣһ̳õľƣȻڰȥˣʼܵķ羰

ܺܶˣڣ˵Ľ˼彣ʮ㡣
Ľ¶һۣ⼸ע⣬
˵رֳˣ
Ľʱһ˫΢أ֮۸ߵһͷ˽
˽Ǳ潣뽣ĿʽͬȻһɵӣͣǶʮң书ǿޡ
ֳˣ˵
ǶİɣǱ񵶿´𣿡
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š˸п
ʦ֣ʵģϣ᲻
ǵҲǣţԵߵ֮ȻܷŹġ
ѽ´˵Ѿˣ֪˭ˣϧ´һͣȴŶɥ
˵رǣ˭˭ù
Ҳô˵ؼرʹˣҲɣҪɣѧ֣˭
´ĶѧᣬǾ͸
ʦҲԷƱ˵Եһͻأ
Ľü£µĺȲ裬Ŵķ羰ЩĲɡ
Ľȴ֪ţء
Ȼһֺ𣺡Сһ˵˵رĶ


419 Ϣ
Ľתͷȥһ׳վԱߣЦеһ꽣ʿģ޺
꽣ʿһۣȻºηʥ
üĿӢ˲ʵһòȻģҲǣΰ̾
׳ӺǺЦЦвգʿҲ
꽣ʿü룬תͷͬʦֵܡ
룬ȻһԲʿһİƣ촸ʿͣǲǣ
ǺǣСһﲻ֪µţʿ͸˸ĶͷЦеĵͷ
촸ʿͣǰ꽣ʿüȻҵ򹬵ӣ
Ŷʿ۾ЦΪ·ɣԭСС򹬣Цˣ
µģ㣡꽣ʿȻ
ʿͺǺЦѲ뵱ҵŮ
ס죡꽣ʿϺȣ
ʦ֣ԲʿȰ˿ʿ͡
꽣ʿʦܣʿһܣ˲ϰ֮˾Ϊʲô
ԲʿΧʦ֣͵͵ģܸ鷳ģµ书ǿ
ߣǿΣһˣĸԸһ꽣ʿһ֣ȻȻ
֮ͥ£Զ١Բʿɡ
꽣ʿһħԶ˲㻵£ʦܱģһߵŰɣ
ʦ֣һǾòסԲʿ
꽣ʿ۾һɣɷݣʦܣ£
ԱʿԲʿʦܣ˰ɣʦֵİգ
ԲʿЦʿͿɲ{ӣĸһϣҲѹסǿɶ򹬵
겻һҡͷЦʦܣҲ̫־ˣ
ԲʿˣҡͷЦ֪˵档

Ľ˵ĻȤ̳ĵӹֵúܣɨһ£üѡ
ʿ꽣ʿѾţҪˡ
Բʿ˵Ĺʿ꽣ʿ꽣ʿŭʿûԣɱӣ޶
ʿЦѣ˵꽣ʿëû룬ͳ֣Ѱ·Ͻؼ軳̰ɡ
⻰꽣ʿޱ˵ԼᣬʱγָʿͣЦҾе
ʿЦҡͷƾδɵСëӣգҵҪƣʲô£˷裡
ʦܣʦܣʦܣһϣ꽣ʿ
ǣ˳ӦʱƮ˲վ˸ԷλʿͰΧס
ĸվһλãǡγһΣνʣбָеʿͣǵʿ͹Ц
úãȤʿҡͷбˣû뵽û뵽򹬵СһûѧᣬȺŷмģ
˵ö֮нʲô꽣ʿЦҡͷмʿ͡
ĽЦſ£üߵ֪ߵغ񣡡
ˣĽ֪˾˵˼ʦǲ˵һģ£ᡣ
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бһۣһʦ㲻ˣ
ĽЦţ»Ϊ֪ʲô֪ʲôǻ
°һۣǱߡ
֣꽣ʿһʱ৵ıͬʱʿͣѩ
ʿ͹ЦײȭͷӶ򳤽һȭȭн
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ʿѾˣ׺ָһָȥҲˣֱĽֱ뿪Сǡ
ʱ֣Ѿǣ˿еϢʱᱬ٣ﲻ١


420 ޵
ʮ㣬ÿһ˶ǳңʱν
սţһǾͿըһսսǰ
Ľ²첻Ҳüҡͷѡ
˴Ӻݣǹӷ棬񣬾书
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ƣԶﴫ˭ܱ壬ȿ˵Ľ˺ܿһ÷ջ
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ƲĽ书书书ΪΪˣܻΪһ̸ĵԺͶ

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է䣬һ󺺳ó׷޵Уٵӣŵеϰɱ޵Уر


421 
Ⱥ˶˲˴󺰣׵壬Ƕر̰ٴӿ
ѽرֳ󺺣ų
ʨҲȺһϣ޵ҲһˣϰȺֳ󺺡
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飡󺺱ǹɣշһֱɳʮɣƲżأ޶
һסģȺɧֹ

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µ⼸һģ
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˵Ż޵ЦС
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޵ĿٴĽĽȭЦЦµȻԶԣûҲȭ΢Ц
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422 
ĽЦﲻղ񹦣ͷʼȷʵѣȡһɡ
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Ľֻ㣬ΪβΪ䣬ǰ漸㡣
ֱ㣿޵ɻ
ѧңһĽĻ;棬书ķѭ򽥽ǰ棬棬ǰɣ档
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ܳɣ޵ͷתͷ¡
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ӳѾãб˫ɮö࣬Ƚ϶ԣ޵иһЩ
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423 
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424 
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ǹǾտȻᣬһνˣŸߵܣ޵̾
ãûֻϸĥᣬĸоĥԽԽԽϸ΢
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øоָ΢ؼģȥָ޳оȻϸ΢
ĵĹˮĥһһ򣬳֮Ժרעš
ǹԣʮһյļ֣ز

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ĽǹǳԾȻΪĽǺС
ǹģĴϸ΢ܹȥԵģǹȷʵͻͽһΡ
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425 Χ
ߣ˵ɣ˭֪׺֪˺Ц
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飡һ죬˺Ȼֿɫ΢䣬˿ؿڣȴһѪðѪ
һϣһ֡
຺ͬʱȥʮˣн°һӿϣĽû
ĽǹһóһߵģĪɣܹһɡ
ǹ˰ٱ֮ʱ֣˵ǹĽ壬ǹܲ͸磬סе
Ľǹǹľմǹɣǵѷɣ˸һɡ


426 
ΧУ¶飬ǹԽ죬˶ֹУΧܶǹ
һǹһ㡣
ȻһǹΪһ˳ȥңת۳嵽ƸǰǹӰڵС
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һǹǡڸղв׺֮һεסģֱӹᴩ塣
һ·ӹСڽҡҡͷһʧԭأƮߡ

ס֣һ׷ȴƱǹᴩѪ
ǰסƣؿһ󶴲ͣӿѪ຺æסֹסѪȴͽ޹
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ѪܵĴ֣۾˻Уɱɱۡ
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ĽһǽͷһԺпָϢ
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ʱǰþܣʧ԰ΣĽȴǲ塣
һָ֣Ĺ򲻵ңʼʱܻþһЩųǿþԽԽԽԽ棬ѱ棬˾ʧ
֪Ѷ˻ãִ̫ţսֻܲҡ
Ľʹڽ֮ǰ˹ҲΣ֣ȫˣԽǿþԽ־ʵı仯ȴǲþ
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ǹⲻͣĳѨ·ĻʯһһΣ಻


427 
꣡ǰþȻģ⻯Ϊһ糤նһѷ졣
ĽֻһᣬҪ
ǰþʧ֮ϲȻ忪һѨʱ˱仯ӯࡣ
תø˳һѨ죬ڿб֮ƣ죬ʮĴѨȤ
ʱѾǵ죬ʱһѨҳɹȣƶʮĴѨǶʱɳɡ
齣ƿųݣСԺϦбգ͡
׽ѩƽ촫ڶĽüͷʱ
ⳡ뼸ǰһҡҡͷǳ׽ɣǲһģɱ
Ľۣ֮ټվˣͷһǸѩĹӸ磬üĿӢ˲ˡ
峤վڴǰվˣŮ꣬Ůò毺ã䲻ɫȴҲ˶
òƽӢ˫ҲΪ׵ĸ֣ͣΪʵѵá
Ľ䳡ϣ޵Сˮһ˵üѡ
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ǺǣǵҪһġѩЦ޵һۡ
ף׺ɵ˵ˣԼ̴ˣû뵽׺ɾһ
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ѩ޵в磬ѩ糣˼ȴܣ龯裬ʱɱ

ܿ촩ǰԺ԰䳡ϣһˣѩףӨӳɻԣݹˡ
ѩԶԶ㱧ȭЦǺǣȻӣþòɺã
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ѩλȣʤңᣬλҶ֣ҾҪһر

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һĽ۾Ծ졣
Ĩƶٱ䣬·֮ϵĳ϶ΪһȻһ塣


428 Ľ
Ľγɫء
û뵽ѩ彣˾ˣֱŨؾ棬Σ֮ȫԸ
ӨӨ˸ѷɳ
ˡһȺ۷ɹһȻ⻪ѩһ˲䵽Ľǰ
ĽһԲӭϡ
⻪ǣûΣһƬ⻪Ӱ
ƺʧҲֻһƬ⻪˸ԽԽǿҫ۶Ŀ˲ֱӡ
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СˮЦʦͽôİյһģ
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Ҹû˵ѩҡͷĽһۣ̲
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ѵѩεҡҡͷʦһǿ׳Ҳǵ֣
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ӰһгˣǰͷһĿӣŮһһ١


429 
˵ĳĺɫǰһ
۾˵ľâ䣬籦ʯ⣬ڰ׷
˺òҲãƽҲգأǵע۾
Ůһһţѵһ˶ƽŽ٣һ
ĽҡͷЦλĽݺųС
ĽݺƱȭЦǺǡӽɺã
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ѩߣĽСӣִ򣡡
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ĽݺͬŮɫһ䣬ǱƴΣԶʤȽһݡ
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ѩĽݺƶһۣĽղ㴦ȴƽ̹糣ûнӡ˶һۣԷеľ졣
Ľֿˣ˺һ
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ĽݺЦǺǣǺεЩС֮ӶĿҿ񼫣
ѩߵڣòڣ
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ѩЦƨ书Ѱܴùң
ĽݺҡҡͷӺαܻ˵ʵˣίһأһӰա
ĽǺЦĿ⡣


430 ̨
ĽҡͷλĺˣƥرΪУͷλ
ѩտȻʦ˵书ǿǲ磬϶ҧ󣬶һ˶һǻ°ɣ
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ɱĽݲԣʦ᲻գĽʡ
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֮УΧʮֽߣӳһƥʮƥһ𣬼

һĽУĸ˾޲ߣƲ׺
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ĽݲԣǼòҪüʦ̫ŭȡ
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СӣĽݲԴһӭȥ
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ĽͰԵĽݲƷϴҪܱ
ĽݲԣĽһȥһȥ


435 ɽ
СƮˣâԾĵɴС۾
Ľޱ飬СĴָ㣬һָϢȥͬʱ͵һơ
ءƷХͻɽ
СƣС鶯ȴһ٣ɴ۾ֱĽֵͷԼؿڡ
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ã˵Ѳס㣡ʦ̫¶ɫ
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ߣƲѣʦ̫ΪȻһߣƲҿǿͷ򲻹
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ʦ̫ߵһξһαôˣ֪ɣ
ǣʦĽ޿κεĵͷ
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ʦ㣬ҲûãҲֱܽͣһֱʾǧ˵ڷ֮¡
ĥˣϽȥգʦ̫ڰ֡
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Ľͷҿһûؼˣеңʦ׼ʡ
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ĽЦСӣģġ
Ѷϼ£ðɺðɣȥʦ̫ڰ֡
ʮĽء


436 
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ʦ֣ûʲô⣬˰աһߵҡͷ̾ϢȰ衣
γŹ⣬ҡͷԡ
תʦ̫ʦ̫˵ɵرʵͬʱҲɵľ׺ɽĴɲ̫ۡ
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ĽˣĬȻ

ʯ׺֣ŵ޼ǰŵæµͰɣ֧Ųסġ
γ˿ַǷŵӣ˴˶һۣɫޱȡ
Ƿ׺ĲССЩŵӣƴܷϣ׺ɽŲ
Щǹɵŵӣγתͷʡ
Ľͷǡ
γʣж˽ţ
󲿷ֶšĽͨ
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Ľеһͳɣеĵ꣬߰ܽš
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ĽЦһĵҪҡ
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γüͷչˣͷ
Ľ̾εرҲ֪˵ԹʦƫƫӲţĨӣ


437 
ĻʧΪ⡣γ۾һ
Ľ̾κʦʹûҲҪţΪǲ׺ɺ۸
ʦӸӲúúȰȰγҡҡͷ
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γ۾һѸ϶һۡ
ЦտȻСʦ书׿žúܣʱϷΪСʦȥǳ׽͡
ҡͷЦϧδɣϷ
Ľ׺ɷΪüʦʦĵӺܶ࣬ʦĵֻʦ㣬֮λȻǴʦģβ޳ȥġ
ǴơγϻȻ
Ľ˵ʦЩԹӦʦԸӲԽ
űζԹʦ̫ȴǲˡγϧҡͷ
Ľֻͼ֮ʦҲǵ춹ģֻҪг⣬ܻζԹġ
ѽǺгġγϵͷЦպСʦɽҪͣ
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˵ɽ£ĽγƮȥת۹ʧˡ
ĽҡͷʧЦ׽ɵ¶ʦˣǿЦ⣡
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һߣһ߻·ŵ񣬺ܿص޼⣬ŵѾɢȥ
޼ȥ

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ʦҸ֡æתƻ⡣
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Ůһ˫
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üʦ̫տȻֻ֣ɲ׼ʹ书
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ҵĺͽܣʦ̫ЦתͷˣȥɾӨк
洫Ӧһ쾲ӨƮźڶоװûüѡ
ʦʦ壬ʦ塣쾲Өк
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쾲ӨɨһĽҡͷʦտȻʦܵĶ֣
üʦ̫Цֻ֣ñ书


438 
쾲Өʦˣ
üʦ̫һͷţʦɱɱ磡
ǣʦ쾲Өͷ
ʦ̫ЦӨʦģ򲻹ǿֵǴģǴġ
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ʦ̫ͷðɣտȻϧһףʦ
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üʦ̫бһۣҿɲʦãĲ
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442 
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˳׽壬ӭһƬĹԱɣӨ͸Ź⡣
ԶԶĴӵд߳һˣѩǰŲҴңת˽ǰǺЦӣտȻСʦλݹ٣δԶӭʧʧĪҪǣ
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ʮ˲ϥѩ˹ϢʹˣХ֮УѪ𵴣ʧصıͻҳ塣

ӷ𡪡һһھӣƮֱƮС
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˱ͱĽХˣʱһ£ѷХӣ˶ʱ
ĽǰѾХһΣ˷һХϰŮӱģһ١
Хڿ𵴣ɢ漴һѪ°Ժڣʲô֣֮֡
顭һ˶ը
ֻһǺëԺʱһƬհס
˻عʱֻζǰΪǴһŮӼУѩ
ѣ˻ѩѣȻ
λɽ¶ʯòĽľиղŶ£ֻܲǽ𶯣վȡ
䡭ɽ鱩ѩ䣬һһݡ
ɫһ䣺տȻʦ֣
Ҫȥֱֻ۱ס
С㣬ȥãŮɫ䣬еٸߵ书Ҳ
տȻʦأ񽿶۱Ҫˡ
Ůס첲Ǵ죬鼱֮ˡ
С㣬βȥ
ÿ񽿶ţĵˡ
Ůסʩչǧ׹ķҪ
¡¡ڲѩ˵ֻһƬããڿա


446 ϧ
һֳһˣԾããİѩУɴ۾ǰĽľλá
˴ѾѩγһСͲ
ȵտȻʦ֣տȻʦ֣
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Щˣæֺ
С㣬㿪һŮӺȵ
һԾѹĴѩŽŵӹ֮ѹסŮųһ亹
ôѩѩƮƮģ۵һȴޱȣѹ
һ˵ָǰҲСϣֻ
С㣬С㣬߰ɣһŮ
һҲ񽿶֣Ʋסֻ
ҡͷɴ˫ɨɨȥһһɽҰֻĺȴûлӦ
ɽλãʮŮ۾ɫ԰ףήңǵһ󲡡
û뵽ֿһ֣֮ǱХˣѩ˻һ
ѩƣûȥһ书˫ɲǰСϡ
һһĺۿ
տȻʦ֣Īǲ׺ɵ˫ɮտȻһʵ
Զɫ԰ףͷӦôˣܷХܾ֮˫ɮտȻ
һ˭ʵ
ղտȻʦ˵ľʦһŮæͷߺ
һӣһ£æһţˣȷʵľʦѵµľУ
տȻľԹԣ˲õأֲøղһôŹ֣Ҳιȥһֺҡͷ̾Ϣ
һüĿ̾ʢ֮ʿտȻľԾ֣ɣ
ǰʢ֮ʿԶпͷ

ٺ٣ϧһݳЦһҡҡͷǿѩСҲסӢŰɣǺǡ
Զԣбһۣҡͷ
ݳ״ЦһλôңѵǴﲻˣɽˣҲرѹţˣɽĿۣ
һ˫أ˶˳ҡҡͷ
Զҡҡͷ֣ЩˣվɽҪƾԼ汾£ͶܣӲΪҲ
ٺ٣ֺαؼ״ݳҡͷΪȻ
ԶЦЦô̫ۣտȻʦľʦûˣ֣Ľ֣ӣ㻹Ƕⲻ⣬𣿡ľһֻܴɽˣ
ݳЦҡҡͷͶ࣬˵ˣ
ԶЦЦ棬һһġտȻʦ֡ЩΧλҲȥæһҰɡ
ãæһҡӦ
ʹݳҲжʩչṦȥʱѩѾֹסɽģ
ѩѾѵ˰ɽȥɽͷƽһȥΧһжӣıò
ѩϷӣһĨ̸˼״һݳ꣬ҡҡͷ
񽿵ṦȻҲǾ֣ܡ
񽿷ӶлǰæƽƽſһƽƣŹκһط
˫⣬纮һ㣬Ŀʵʣֱĵףһ֮⡣
мƲϢ֮˵ÿһڷԣҪŭ
Щ˶ʧеĿ񱩣ǿѹסһǣŭ鷳¡
ãﾡܷԸǣԶͷЦ

һͷǿһ˿Ц⣬תӻ֣￪ʼߡ
Զͷתߣߣһʤ߼ĵ
ã˷׷׵ͷҵ̨£Ҫƽ̫ࡣ
ǰ˽һſһһߣϸĸо
˶ʮףͣһͣǶṦӲѩߣǴ粽С
ʹ㣬ʮǶó
תͷɨһˣ˫硣
æܾ񣬽ߣȴʲôϣˣһˣʹƳҲϢˡ
нͣ
顱һشȴɽ±һѩ
񽿼һտȻʦ֣
һĨƮת˲ɽ£ѩѩ£ֳһɫɮ۵Ľ
Ľĸ첲´տȻʦ֣㡭㲻Ҫɣ
ĽҡͷЦҪ
񽿳һĽȷʵҪɫ˫ڣ˿˵ģ
ĽתͷһƣǱųһֳߵˡ
ǡ񽿡
ЦǰѰʦ㣡
Ľңңʮһ񣬳лλ
˰Զ˶ߣǷ׷׻񣬲д󣬾Ȼܴѩѣݹίʵš
ĽתͷĹˣüľʦأ
ҡҡͷ֪ѽѾ˰ɣѹѩˣûʦı´󣡡
Ľü
˴һϧ֮ȥʵڿϧҡҡͷȡ
ϥѩϣֽᴥӡ˫һ

Ƭ̺һԾֱ䵽ʮ⣬˫ƻΪʮӰ͵ĳһӡѩϡ
ࣣСʯ
ʱѩ׷ף׹ը㣬ˮըѩУĽһԾȥת˲ֳ
ʱϱһˣѩסɫɮۣľС
ĽľзŵϣӲ˫ȣ˫ϥȻϥں˫Ƶ䱳ģһ
ת۹ľð˿˿İѩڻڵγһ̲ˮͣڻѩ
һĽ˰ߡ
ҡͷѣտȻʦҲǴȱĳȻôȶ֣µļһһһ
ԶѾ״Ķſ
ľɫ󣬺ָͷڣɫɮͬƤ
Ľͷڣµİѩڻһ³˰ߡ
˳ֹͣ¡
ĽͷγһƬƣɢɡһͷٻѨƺ󣬰ٿһӰٻѨ˽ȥ
˼쾰ǲ죬֪ʲôķúܡ
ĽЦľʦˣ
ľ۾ʮ̾Ϣ治СɮֻˣлտȻʦ
Ľҡҡͷ㣬Ҳˣл
ľһЦͷʮˣձԵΪֹٱһǣ
ֳΧһʮתƮȻȥƮƮŲմУתɽʧǰ
ƲƲ죺ߣǸУ
ĽæЦտȻʦ֣ҿɲ㣡
ĽҡͷЦоͳУǻȥɡ
˺ʮһҲƮȻȥɫɮƮƮ


447 ನ
æеտȻʦ֣ȵң
ĽߣĽͣĲѽ
ĽУ½ƮƮתͷЦʦã֪ܲȥ𴦲Щѩ
ʦû˰գ񽿹еʡ
ŮͣԭأҡҡͷСƢллأû˺¿ûʲôùӳԡ
˵Ŷµ⼫ʥѩҲ£ȴܵǳˣȴǺǵģħı´úܡ
û뵽տȻҲǸѩѹ£ľУ׺ɵĹϵиı䡣
ľ°һĽܳӣһʧտȻоȴҲԹ

տȻԶԶĽӰҡͷ̾
Աһ˲ȽµѩһݽȥϥǣæҡͷǺЦ֣˵ѩҲܻ𣿡
ԶתͷЦֵܣ򵥵úܣ㣬ܳһ𣿡
εҡͷһӣͳˣ
˵ƳҲȳ˻Ϣָܼʱ䣬ȴҲֲסһӡ
һһһһû˺ĸ˶ˡ
Զҡͷ̾λտȻʦܼһӣ
Թԣôģεҡͷе˼顣
űסܿһﲻסˡ
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ҡҡͷ̾Ϣѡ
˸̾ϢȻζȻǽ꿡ܣһֱӼߣ˫ɮľʦţȴûñϾˣʹ书һЩҲ߲ȥ
ŷԼʮǧңɼ
ľʦҲֵܼõտȻʦȡһҡͷ̾Ϣ
ǰԶ̾Ϣһͷء

Ľ񽿵һɽ壬Уÿ˶ҵʮѩѹ֭ʢƿ
糺죬˫Ź⣬ݹǻһˣûˣֻʣĽָŮĻá
˱Խ˭ɵĶ࣬һ껹Ľˣ֪Լȴ¡
˲ʮ꣬ʢĸƿЦտȻʦ֣˰ɣװˡ
ĽЦǺã飬Źǡ
տȻʦ֣ȹһӣٹɣѩĹЧǷǷһ䷽˲ѩ裬ˣҲǿͷһ㡣Ц
ĽЦطһ룬һݾͳɡ
Цҡͷûʦ㣬ҿɲɲô࣬ϧ󲿷ѩ׽ɲˣ
Ľͷλڳ׽ɷΧڣȻǵĺ԰ѩЧܷŹ
ЦҡͷǲѩҲûã֪ҩ䷽ֻôȥûʲôЧңѩŮЧ˳ûô
ŶĽЦſ
΢ЦտȻʦȻѩǿǲ׺ôŮӣȥּ˻ò
ĽЦҡҡͷ⻨ӵ١
ȻһЦҿΪʦδӴ
ĽЦ㲻ǲ֪ʥ˽һˣմȾŮӵġ
ڲ׺ɽϳף˭ܹܵס㣿񽿲ΪȻЦ
Ľҡҡͷҿɾ٣õġ
ƲƲ촽Щֲܵԣ
ʩչṦҶᣬɷ֣Ѫڣ糺죬촽ýΡ
ĽЦҡͷٶ˵

֪УһѾȥ̫ߡ
˻ص˳׽壬Իȥ˵ȥѩҼƿҪɸ
ѩΨ溮ĻЧǿһĺ价ҲţЧһ㡣
ĽӦˣ£Ҳú÷һ£һһ֮
һŮ֮飬ãûй飬úɣȤ
ЦӯӯصԺڣէһ̤ԺӣһͣסСͤУͶһƳ
ʱϦ£ա
СͤʯϰźС¯죬ð
ǰƮγһɴӣʣԼԼضޡ
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ĽЦŵͷҸʦòһЩѩѩ裬ˣǿ
ʥѩѩȷʵһµͷ
һֱģ˺ѷı仯Ľȴܶһ˿΢쵽˿˿⡣
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ӣüͦǣ޳ķ˵ĺ촽ʵǾɫԽԽ
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Ľһů֪ǹңЦʦ㣬ҲǱӦսľʦһңֱӶ֣ѲɣҪ˱᣿

ߣľһ
ĽЦľʦȷʵпʸ޺ȭ޺ȭָħȭˣҿ֣ȻһҪ԰̣ʤ㡣
ô˵ʤˣ°һۡ
Ľҡͷƽ֣˴߷ǱδʤôҿҲѹ׵ıûó
ľȷʵСµͷ
ĽЦеĵڴУľʦʦ㲢һ־һ
һˡҡͷΪȻ
ĽЦʢ֮ʿľʦʹʦ㣬Ҳ̫࣬ǸС
˲׺񹦣޳ɾתϴ辭ǰ㣬֮ʤ£ʤһˡ
׺£ߴ֮һǰ֮ǲ׺񽣵˰Ѳ׺Բ׺ʧ׺ȴδ˥䣬ʦ̫֮
ʤţѾ˺պĽɽʱȻս޺պ֮ٶˡ
һ֮ƣʹľ°һţѹͷ
üƬ̧̺ͷ˵˵Ƕ־


448 ϲ
֪ĽйĿ֮ܡ
ֺǵõʱΣܹĦܶԷʽзš
˵һ۰צ˻ҲǲС
ȻʽپҲҪǡѧʽã粻ѧϰʽؼջ۵Ϊܡ
ĽоЩʽèһѧˣǲ䱾ʣΪʩչôһУҵء
Ľںѧѧģݱ׷Դ
áĽӦһ˳Сͤ
ʦ㣬õǲ׺񽣣䡣Ľ
µͷ
վСͤǰϼȾ˹ĺɫ
Ľȵħȭ
ȭͷ紸ӵ˲䵽ؿڣ磬뵱ľʩչʱһ޶Լ档
ħȭؼķŴʽ
´Ĵָһ͡һХ׺ָӿײȭͷʱ顱졣
һ߶׺ָѷڲ׺񽣡
ĽķʹħȭҲѷԭķһ°뵱
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һӣӭϴĦ͡һ²˺ѣ𣬽¡
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࣡һ׺ָײΣ죬紵
ĽһľеĴĦһֱ˼ժѩѾƲ
һͨͨͨ׺񽣣ƿģĦ׺䲻ͬ·ƣһԣܿģ˴Ħ
ĴĦķа֮ʩչĴĦȻ޷ԭĴĦ
ʾȴӣ´ֲԿ

һһʾ޺ȭԼ޺ȭǣȴѾۻңȻѡ
֣ͣ糺죬һ߱ϦȾķ߶֮ʣ޹䣬˲ֱӡ
ţȻľ˼ĵͷԳڸղŶֵΡ
Ľ޺ȭȷʵǿᣬɿ֡
ü˿㲻ôʤ
Ľͷʤʤϣʤ˴Ҳʤϣǲ֪ѹ䶥ʲô
ҡҡͷЦµԶʤǣ湦ѧ಻ʤѹ䶥书ǷͬСɣ񣬾û˱ʩչһһˡ
ߵ°һţ㱻˱Ƶ˵ȸְա
Ľæҡͷʹã
Ƴһۣ޳Թд书ˣ֡
Ľҡͷʦ㣬Ҫǲ׺Ҫ㣬ҵνܾͰˣ㲻ܰܣ
°һۣĪ
Ľʦ㣬㲻᲻ף׺δ֧ţǲ׺ʧ޴󣡡սνʤܡ
üƬ̣̾˿ͷ˵
⣬׺ɵһţضԼ˲׺ɵΣȷʵݲ
˻Сͤ˵Σ˵Զ
ԶݿյϵУܰ㣬ѵáµ
ĽЦʶʱȴãԶû˲𣿡
ҡҡͷԶҵճȴвٵ˲ţС
Ľͷ⼸ҶСҵǳԶһ飬ҪҪϵġ
յҡͷЦЦ

ڶ峿Ľ깦񽿱ƿԺŽСԺ
ľһսĽ࣬ѧһ㣬Աſʵս߸
Ϊȴ˰޺ȭǡÿ֣һˮ
޺ȭ֣ܿѱ书ܿƣпһѧݺ²ףҪ־ѧ
տȻʦ֣߰գ񽿻һɫ˳ǻһˡ
Ľ´ۣЦеŮӡ
񽿰һۣòһϲɫġ
ĽЦŮ໻ɫѡ
񽿵տȻʦǳˣ
ĽǺЦЦӣЩΣãǳǶ磬ֻнһ졣
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ҡͷĽ䣬Īͻڳ׽Ͼ۽Ÿǣһȫ
ĽЦŴӦˣһȥ
뿪СԺ񽿴ǲߵտȻʦ֣ʦ㵱Сǵġ
Ľأֳһ㣬ﻹҪǰㆪôǲޡ
ĽЦʦҲǹңؼƽϡ
ҡҡͷҲտȻʦؿ㣬ңͶˣ
Ʈ뿪׽壬ĵڰѩϣѩҫۣΧɽһɽ
վһ֪ɽۣ֮Χķ⣬ֻػ׳ң̲Х
ĽХԽԶԶ̳¿ȥ˳Х߿ֱƿƲ㡣
˳Х˼Ļ󳩣ЦƮԾɽۣշɶɵһɽ塣
ɽԶƾṦֱԾڿһײƣ˴˽ֻ࣬ɵĵһɽ塣

䵽ɽۣ½ԣ˴һЦú档
һɽһɽķԽԽԽ죬շɶնУ֮ˡ
˵ʮɽ壬ͣסָŽµɽЦտȻʦ֣жϣɽӦѩв٣
ãǾͶһЩЩѩ衣ĽЦ
°Ȼ⡣
˿ʼæĽ֮۸ӣԣ磬ѾˣٽϾһֱ
ת۹˲ժʮѩѴƿװҪ뿪˵ɽѩ٣ԽǸߴѩƷԽѣȴҲûкܶࡣ
ףĽȻͣסָָһʯͷ
ôæʡ
Ľʲôȥ
˵ǿʯͷ棬ʯͷԼһߣһĥʯһţϸѩ
ʱ޴ʯͷȴһƬ⣬Ľʯͷϣһƣʯͷ顱һ·˸ͷ
񽿵ɴ۾ʯͷֿĽ
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Ľ֮ղ壬Խˡ
ĽЦ
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ƬҶⰻȻڷζ
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ĽЦǲģֻǾǿɾ壡
ҡͷ̾ϢѩΰѩҪ˲Σѩα˲ǿöˣѩҲǿö࣬ѩƣֱȥҲǿġ
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߶֮£ѩ˺ƳϻӣΪ¿ɰָ˼ƣۼ֡
С֣űϻĵͷտȻʦ֣סѩηӦûġ
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΢ЦɽһûȤˣ档
Ľҡҡͷļį绨ŮȴҪ˿ݼţϵĶûаģ书ŬҲ١
񽿵տȻʦ֣ôŪѩΣ
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Ľͷڳһķεѷ죬һһѩΧγһСɽ㣬ĽھɽԽԽݡ
˰ʱĽ֣ͣЦˣȥŸˡ
ͷ룬һϻӣԭССİѩһƽȥ
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ܳһζת
Ľʦãⶫܴس׽壬ҵط뿪ʱٴߡ
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һǺţһЦٷɽ£Ȼӹɽص˳׽壬ԻСԺ
ʱ磬ģԹ緹ĽСԺĽд书ʱܿȥˡ

ڶ죬俪ʼ
Ľ£һֱСԺд书񽿵ѩˣĽࡣ
׺ɵĲ׺񽣣ʥѩѩ񽣣ɽ࣬ѩ񽣣㣬ԽԽǿ
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ĽԲ׺񽣶ѩ񽣣Ժڽݺᣬɭɭ¶ȵࡣ
쵽ʱţһµƮŮտȻʦŮʼˣλȥɵ
ĽͣսһѣĽɻɫɮۣۣû䣬һ򻻳°Ůɴɴѩ֡
˳СԺһֱܿɵǰ
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һ̫ʦΣжһֶյһָ΢Ц֮ɷ
ǰŸ߱滨ӣҸһţǰ쵽ſڣÿԼһӣƺƴ׳ɡ

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ĽҡͷԼŻȥˣֲôսҸ֣ȷʵǳĽݾ
˵ǰͷŸ׺ǺЦվŮŮտȻʦ٣Ҫ
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ǣʦԱߵͷƮȥܿ൯֮һ
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450 
ĽɨһλЦҡҡͷ
λףľУһɫɮۣʮһ΢΢һЦ
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ңӣ⣬ҲǸң֮ƣΪṦ
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ѩһĵĿǣٷʹΪˣ֮Ҳ̾
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ңЦϼҵˣѩ壬ҪףȥȢ˰գ

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ңŲӺߵҲ÷ϼ޸
㡭㡪ɫ࣬ҧгݡ
ңתͷֱŮҧ˵ϼҵģ˭Ҳߣ


451 ͷ
Ľҡҡͷû뵽ңǸӣѵѵá
⣬ңҲĸִһɣҲ˲ٵѧ侲顣
ʦ㣬ᣬȴЩˣǴУ鿴òôأز档
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ңƫƫִڸ飬ʵࡣ
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˵æһѳסңѹٸ棬ʰûУһ׽ǷĿ˭ѹң㽫ˣ
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ŭЦúãٸǷˣҲҲ㻹Źȷ𣿣ѵѳ󲻳ɣ
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ȭŹңǡǾȭŹǿԣʱУѩ·磬֧š

ס֣һϺ죬һӣ޺޵Ӳô
ףңʱһ͡
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׽ҪӵҸҲҪŮ䲻ʲôӵԣǸŮģһŮ裬ʲô
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ҡͷЦɨһΧˣе˷ܣſϷأš
ЦգɺιͬⶨףףͬˣΣ
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ηϼ۲ӯӯ˸ͣ㽿޵԰ס
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תͷȥλõһۺУŷ飬Цҡͷѡ
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ĽҡͷһǶ飬һ飬ιѡɣΪ˻ȴ飬ѡȫ飬и֮ţѡ
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452 
ŵһЦҵΪ˻֪֣ʵΪˣ졣
ĽǺЦЦͷŸ壬
漴ҡͷϱϾٵúܣҵȷӣຣܾϲأֺλ
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ѩңԶ˳ʱȦŲأ˫۾ӥһ˲˲
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453 ս
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мһֱ֪ûУһ֪費ǳ
Ľתʦ㣬轣һá
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һһܣĽһһݼȻЩʦǻ̾
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Բ׺ɽٴʶƾõŴɹȻС֦ïѲ⡣
⻹һֶѡ

ݼλʦʦҲݣֱӴӣΧסĽˡ
ƣŮϲĽҪľĽЩʦ޿κΣֻԽ˽
赭дŮԽŲѣʱ׷ʡ
꣬ŮЦڶ
½ʦӺݻЦеĵͷãǲ׺ɽˣϲɺأⳤ׽ɾǷʰտȻʦֶ˾ٴģ
Ů׷׵ͷ׽׺ɵĶԹѾã׽ƴȴѹƲˣ׺һֱһ
һΣĽȷѣ˲һǳһڶŮϲЦտ̾ѡ
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ģԼʵڲƴɱһ𣬻һˡ
½ʦͷҲɣεǻǻɽ
˺ܿζǿɿڣһ·˶ǳԸûһڵķ
Թ˺ƺƵĳߵʱ֣Ľһˣ˳׽ɵĸ֡
ǼĽƣһֱβ棬ֱĽ׺ɽڡ
׽ɵٿҽ׺ɽڣ۶ˣȥ޻أֻȥ
Ľһ˰Ȼ˲׺ɽһʦʦǶ֣ϲ


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۲û˵
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ҿı飬ΪȻšʦ̫ߵ
ĽЦҡͷӲҡ
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üʦ̫ҡҡͷʦá
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ʦ̫ЦеĵðɣͷŹֶδСҲƣʦƢʱڣֱһ㣡
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ʦ̫飬Ϊ㣬Ҳԣﲻ
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459 ǿʩ
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Ľιİգзִ磬һû֮ΣһӾͺˣʱ
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Ӱ˻һΪһ˳ȥתʧڲ׺ɽ

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γЦЦƢǸѧģ
˵ҵƢõúܣŭߡ
γϱ첻˵ΪȻɫ

ԱߵŮ˵Щֻգָ˵ˣ
һתͷߵƣô˵
ŮƵǵʦֱƳģԹʦ֣
ɣһҷǰ˲ɣŭߡ
ƵԧҶ˵Ҹʦֲ
Ϊۻ軨ƲƲ졣
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Сӱ˵غߵתͷʦܣǳСӵȢŮȢŮ
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ȻеӴ׺տȻ
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460 
Ļ̌ͷųӰʱǣȻԵõĴܣһ޶
Ӱٶ죬־ãʩչṦ켸֣ҲʩչṦžתϴ辭ĵ㡣
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ת۹ǵ˽ǰһЦ˫ɮտȻʦݹ٣ԣ԰
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ĽҡͷЦǵһɱЭɸɱҺñɸֽӦûǵ֡
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Ľͷֲá
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ṦҲãĽԽԽ죬ˣһһֻ֣ƮƮ档
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ؼ״˱ǳ֮糿ʼһֱϦ£һЪʼձָٳ۳̬֮
ĽԪһߴ߶ṦһʩչԪɳƽתݣѪʢ
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461 ɱ
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Ľͷÿ˶Լ磬Լ׷󣬶Լ˵ǳˣڳ׽˵ȴӢš
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Ľͷֵһԣһ治ɣҲǿߣʦһ֮룬ʦǰʣ


462 ָ
ʦ̫üʲôŹֵ󣿡˵ɣĪЦ
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ĽǰȥһҷʩΥ
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аȻԼɽЩ壬տȻᣬηֵģѵǷҵĲ˼ͨ
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˵ͷһ飬ʦ̫һ飬֣͵һնϢĳ˳ȥ
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464 
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465 
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·磬ÿ˵Ϊ·ĸס
Ľϵʱ᧿Σ½Σǲ׺ɽҲˣٵˣ
Ϣ֣ʮָͬʱ׺ɭɭĸ߶ʱһæңƶ䡣
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ȴ޷ı״̬
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466 
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ﲼõúܺǰһ齣ǰĽʦ̫
Ľ˯˯ţ޲һֱôȥ
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ԽǿᣬԶʤˣϾޣʮȫʮһơ


467 
˵һû˾ƤأǿֺܿϣƤǿԡ
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468 ԰
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469 Χ
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Ǻ˫տտֲˣѽһŹ⣬һܻǰ
ŮٳɣǰԽԽ
ߣһƺгһͣʧ漴ؿڱѪ󵹡
Ϸ룡һ߼״ץһգλûӽɹܵǰ
ĽһЩ
ʦ̫·ŻŲԾԽԽ˶ʮףϵĺëɼ
ʦ̫ȻտȻǿˣ
ĽЦʦ
ºȻʦϰɣʦܲӦ
⣡ʦ̫һеϣ
ؼ٣ţƮƮ߸ǰ⻯Ϊ㺮âֱ˹ȥ
ϺٺЦӽӭϣæžˡ
˳ཻʦ̫Ҳ
һӲɽ򣬽Ϭų׽ɵĽ
񣬽ȴƫƫµķɽʱţŤһ潣ȫޡ
ʦ̫ԭһ򽣷׷ɽΪϤֹۿʩչԼһ׷ɽΡ
֣ѹסϣĽ֣ͣϾĹۿߵ˷ɽĥʯ
Ϸ벻ˣվŻ⣬Ľ
һ߳ʰ
ϣ͵Ծӹսˡ
͡ɭɭǵѹ£ȫˡ

γһƬĻȲ䣬Ҫȵ·Ľ⡣
̫׺Ӵ˳ܲס
ĽȻСĴָƮƮϢ
ߣʦ̫սߺȻһ£ͣ漴һĨֱ
ΣԱ߾ŭȵ
ʦ̫˫赣ǣ˲ʣߣŻƮ䣬δ󾪣æ䵽ԭλһ˰æһ˵ͷͬơ
һṦʦֵ̫ʤ߼һսҲΪս
ңУƴӽ
ͷͬƵæ̤ǰһӽ֣ͬһżˡ
Ҽ磬ǿֽܳѣɫ԰ף˫档
ţһȥţһӭʦ̫£һ߳
ҡͷҲ߲ˣƴˣ
ĬȻ˫ӽƬ̺صͷƴˣ
ߺȻ˽˫ƷֱˣǡʱһָϢִ࣡һ죬ؿըһѪ
ͷؿڣֵĽĵ󵹡
Ťͷɫһ䣬ʱѾ˱֮־벻ֻһζ
ĽʮָӶɭɭʱһѪһĵˡ
ʦ̫µ֣ܣһۣĽ
Сӣİɣʦ̫üʡ
ƾˣɱ֣ڴǰҲ£ĸ֣ܲѾҡ
һˣĸ֣ѣ֣Եסɱ˶Էȴ̫ʵ
¾ˣſյΧȻΡ

ĽЦʦʦ䣬
ʦ̫Ȼ̾Ϣһпǧû뵽֣³
ʦǲǾҪĽЦЦ
ʦʹһţǿӲԲСŮӣƸС
ʦ̫Ťͷһɣ˭˵ģֻҪһǾͻ׷ˡ
ĽҡͷЦʦǲȵǰˡ
ж־ʱһٻɱ򣬴ҪʧЧʱǻ᲻һеѣ̫ȫߡ
֮Ǹĺļһʦ̫ߡ
Ľӣ޹ĳЦЦЦӯӯһۣæתͷȥ
ĽЦʦǣо꣬ǽ뼫磬Σ
ߣҲһ֣д˴ʦ̫һۡ
ĽæͷǣӦõġ
æ죬˵ñʦʹ
ְԱ̦ɽڣӣʯͷ£ת۹һɽ
Ľ˷ŵɽȻϣԱд˼֣׽ڴˡ
ʦˣĽİƣתͷЦ
ʦ̫һۣɽڹĽֿ˿ҡͷһ̾߰ɣ
ǰƮƮУĽ²Ʈת۹ɽ˳ԭ·һȥƥڡ
ȱÿһƥأ׺ɽ主Уʦ̫ȴ˷ѣѰƥϣ˻ˣٶȼ죬ϻ˲׺ɽ
׺ɽϣĸѾúգңҲõòˣĽһƿأָȴ졣
һ˽Ҫ뿪ʱһϢƻʦ̫ĺ顣


474 Ц
޼ڡ
峿ȴϣڹ͡
ɢӨ°ڼţǰʦ̫ɫɮӳ࣬۷
Ľأңƣηϼγ϶
һսɱɽһ²ͬЦǺǵʦ̫˵Ż»ϲ
ʦ̫ǰӲغɫʱȴպܳʦ̫ûĪ⣬Լȴ⡣
ʦ̫ǴôãҲ뿪ˡЦŹ⣬ɷɵĸ󻼡
ʦ̫һңأңǸúӣĪҪ̫ˡ
غߵСӣȥ꣡
ң¶һ˿Цһ£ʦ߶ڶ𣺡Сӣͬӣ¹㣬èĹ򣬸˼Ь䣡
ʦֻСӣʦһֱʦ̫ѹһͷֱҲҪҺ󳾣¹ѹһӣΪӺɷ򣡡
ʦɫһ䣬ݺݵԼȥұչأԦأ
ʦ̫ңͷЦţﵹҲ̫ңĥһĥ
ʦ̫ңЦ
ʦ̫ЦСһңҲô㣬Ů˽£ŵӣ
ңͷηϼź
Ƶʦ̫ʦҲǱΡ
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ʦ̫ǣæͷߵСӣֻԼʹ죬Ĺ÷
ʦ̫Ц˵ף̫ѣȫĸ겻㻹ᣬʦţ෸ЩҲûʲô
ҡͷЦʦ㵽װһѽ
ʦ̫ЦҲƫ̻һߣֻ˵滰

ʱ洫ţʦ
ʦ̫üһӨ
ſںձһƮһŮӯӯ˸ǰһ񣺡ʦ塣
ʦ̧̫ͷüʣӨô£
ʦʦûˡ쾲Ө
ʦ̫һ
쾲Өͷʦ̫Խһʣô£
ʦãʦ밲ʦһͬɽ˴˰ʦõʬס쾲Ө
˭ɵģʦ̫΢Уʵ
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Цá쾲Ө
ʦ̫Цã
ĽڵЦã
쾲ӨͷǣǸЦá
ز֮ϣЦۣǸЦã
쾲Өǡ
תʦ̫ʦ̫ЦãǵЩ鷳
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Ц绨ããһЦã
תͷʵЦΪҪɱ
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Цÿɲ{ӣ۾ͻƺպգСȴ
ܣԣ󺹣֮УСֲʢʤһ
ЦŵĴɣС

ȴΪУһݽȥǾһսʹʤ˵һǧ˰٣˿ɳ֮
˴ɶأССǿƣͬĴɣȴ֮ʹгͻҲѳͻһΧ
׽׺һֱԸȴûսһֻɱңɱ㣬ƾ¡
ʦ̫㣬Ҫ˼ʵǲǡ
ҲԼ˵ʲôʦ̫ҲȥĬ
ȥɣʦ̫һ֡
ĽæʦȳˣҲؼһʱ뿪ʦɽ١
ʦ̫΢У֮ͷţҲá
ʦ̫ҲˣɽҪæһֽţָֹԣ
ţл⡣ʦ̫ͷ
һ³ѹ֣Ҳ˴Ľʦɡ
ʦ̫վ̨ϣͷرȭسʦ̫ضͣտȻʦҼɡ
áʦ̫Ҳ˵
Ľ磬ңγϼŮں󣬻ɽߣŵæˮͣĽ
׺ɽλϷȴ̫䣬ЩŵӸðŰ
Ľ°ɮƮƮ΢ףһ˵
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صͷܲףңİŭˡ
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صһǿҿʤһ
Ľ̾ϢһҡҡͷֲǸɱʦãǵӴǵ㰡
صǿʤЦãһĴʤҲΣգ˻һݿյ
ݿյ׺ɲԸ˽֪
ĽЦЦЩʦӦ֪ʦľҾӵ
üҿʦ̫֪Цãȴ˽⣬ǱָԹһοҲʦ̫һ㿴ǡ
Ľһüëȴûʣͷ
غǺЦһտȻʦڣЦֲ˺ãҲǹˣ
лʢ顣ĽЦ
һɽ£תⲽһ̨һ̨׵ߣһһ˼
ָüͷ
޼ڿѹ֣ʦ̫һԲ쾲Ө档
ʦĽ¡
ʦ̫ߵտȻȥѧûһӣ뾲Ө͹ˡ
ĽʦЦòСԹ
ʦ̫üţܵñ
ĽʦҸʦһȥɣҲֻ֣ıߡ
ʦ̫ҡͷɣٷϻҸһչأ
Ľţ֪˵棬ֻͷ


475 
ʦ̫תͷ£ӨȥһһЦõض֡
µǣʦģǲɡ
ţȥɡʦ̫ڰ֡
ĽĿŮ뿪æʦв֮Уʦȥ̫Σˡ
ʦ̫ѻ죡±׶ˣϹģúòɽ
Ľ̾˿ʦ˼
¶Լ֣ȻʡģʦȴûôûᣬŸɡ
ԼܲţһγУǿ¡
̾һʦ뷨ûԼ̫ܸˣδ棬һʱյ
̾ʦ̫һۺߵһᰲŴ˰иŵġ
Ľ¶ЦݣʦӢ
ʦ̫ҡҡͷ¶ݣһСƫƫûˣտȻһҪЦã
Ľͷǣʦ
ʦ̫ҧűݣ֪ЦŵĴɣɱտȻҪ˿˭ɱǲ׺ɽˣ͵ó֮
Ľǣ
뱣ӵܣʹԼͷҲΨ֮Ϲҵ˭ǣ
һɱ׺ɽӣ㱨˭õһֵֵ
书µһԶȴ֪
ĽʦһֱûŪףҵ书Ǹ߻ǵͣжߣ
ôʦ̫ʡ
ĽһֱԻŪ书ߵ͡
ʦ̫书һɣ㲻϶⡣
Ľæʦأ
ʦ̫ҡҡͷһЩҲǿһ

Ľʦ˵˵¸ְɡ
šʦ̫ƽ˵µһϹ˼ɣ·۽һսߴи֣ܵС
·۽Ľʡ
ʦ̫ÿʮһ·۽ߴɵĸд书Ϊ˼̰ܽݲ˼ȡ̫Զ
ĽϹ˼ˣ
ʦ̫ͷţҲϣǿᣬǷ˼ȷʵ˿ɵС
ĽϹ˼һ˭Ϊڶ
ʦ̫룬ҡҡͷڶ˵¸ֶúܣһ򣬾ʥԳ﹫ʤ׾Ҧ֮ԶȵȣǾ֡
ʦأĽʡ
ʦ̫ҡͷҲԶţΨ̫Ǿ֣ĸһգҲһأôҲڴУ˴붥һϳ̡
Ľͷ˴ơ
һֱͣĽͣиðѹһͷĲ㣬Լ书ϡƽ
ȷʵʲôһֶѡ
ʦ̫ʣտȻѧѵһľѧɱϾʱж̣㣬䲻գ
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ǻ֮ǰ뿪˲׺ɽֱһֱûѶЩģ书ǿ־̫٣һ˶̫׳Կˡ
Ľȴʮ㣬񽿻úܣػữװɽõʥѩˣӦõ˰;
ʦЩʦ˵ȥˡĽ
ȥȥɡʦ̫ڰС֡

޼䳡ڵȻ
Ƕɫɫװе٣ŮӶ࣬ʢ˥
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Ľֱ̾һкΣգʦСģȫһĪҪǿ
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Ľ̾ʦ㲻ˣʦ֪ˣ
üתͷʦܣ䳡ݵú˵˵
ŭҲеΣӳ½绨
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ĽЦźʮһתƮȻ˸̨ŵӣת۹뿪䳡
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ƮңԶĬȻú޵һ̾Ϣ˸̨ŵӣĲɵ뿪ˡ
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ʦİʦðɡ˸пдżߡ
ʦϧˣ˭ôģһҪҳԴ찲ʦ꣡
˵ʦҪʦһɽ氲ʦñ𣡡
Ŷʦ˺ģλʦͬʱһʧ
˵Цµ֡
ЦãǸأ
ʲôЦãЦãɱ˰ʦãҪɱ
ԣɱ
İգʦ㲻ģ
˵յĻԼСԺĵʰѣ׼ɽҡ
ĽȻСԺֱӽվС

ڶ峿ĽȻ˹ͼ˳ʱСԺű죺տȻ𣿡
Ľʦ
Ժû˨ֱŽ
ʦ̫һɫɮۣһȾƮСԺȻСͤ¡
Ľ齣ϴʦ̫Ѿ˲裬һ
Ѿɽˡ
ĽӹյͷԸʦһ˳
ʦ̫ЦЦİɣҲУǰıչأѷɽ
һ죬ָ糣֮ɫѾɢȥ
Ľ
˺Ȳ̸˵أȻ󽲵˷ɽӡ֤˴˵ĸ򣬻༤ʱСͤӽȻ
չ֣أؾһˣѧзƹء
ƽʱӲ䣬ֻһ¡
ʦ̫Ľʦͽյǻأӹɣƽ졣
ϴ۰ʱдȻȻ緹緹ٻۣԹϢʱԽֱ¡
һ˯һֱһУ컥ۣ˴˼Լһ˸ʤࡣ
˯һ˲ҲһȤ
˱ջأܿ¹ȥɽнʦͽһ򵽵ʮʽʮʽͣͲǰ


476 
СԺͤУ˶Ϧĺϼϼӳ˵СͤڲƲ
ʦ̫ɫɮһȾüţҧź촽
ʮʽô£ʵڹŹ֣ʦ̫üͷĺһ
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Ǳ䣬ʩչҵķŹ֣ʵ˿ԱߵľҲŹ֡
⻯Խ⣬ϣɽȱ֮ת⣬˲Ϣǧ
ĽЦʦĪԦɣ
Ԧʦ̫һԲĵɹ
ĽЦеĵԦ˵ǵ˸Ԧʹɱ˭ɱ˭ָ⡣
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ĽЦҡͷѣ˸ٴβ˵ЦһԣûʲôЧ
ʦķɽҲֻʮʽĪҲûչĽü
ʦ̫ͷţпܣʮʽ̫ѣĪ˰뱲Ҳûʲôչ
Ľ̾ҲǴˣ͸ҲǺҿʦǻͣһͣ˵żá
ҲǲУʦ̫һɡ
Ľæһţ˵żһڴˣǿ޲ǲǣ
ʦ̫üǲԸ̾˿ͷ

һµʱתۼţ˷ʱѾһºĽһֱڽ֮Уڴˡ
ʮʽĽãĲǽǽ⣬Ǿ񣬵˷Щ˼ûʦ̫˵Լš
һЩϸ۲컭϶ϸ΢ϸ˿Ʋּ
峿ݣһϵڤ˼룬Ӧòࡣ
СԺ룬˫ȸԷֿ̤λ˫齣ָָ΢˫ۣƱշǱգһĨָ⣬ɽֱָ
ƿƲ㣬ֱʣԶһ磬ƽƼ
㾰ʱڲͣţأԲü΢ǣ΢΢ʱ˳˹롣
ƣֻۣۣǰһΧɫʲηࡣ
գգָۣ΢¶Цݡ
ףǾ֮ףʽȷʵЧЧѷڹվ
붨ʡһӣ۾
ʽȷʵЧѣȴվǽȻͬţҲԶ
վעؾߣелָܣصˣֻҪָܻ
ʽȴͬƫ棬ֻһζǿЧȷʵǿϡ
˶տһЩģǻþһСľͻ߻ħ߷ɥ
ʽЧȴΣգʧȽǶ
վѭ򽥽˵ѣףо֮ЧԶʽɱȡ
ѡʽղ񹦣д֮ɣ׿Զһ˿ɱȣʯ
ǳˣʽΣ֣ȴ˼ְա
Ľ̾Ϣûһʽĸ֣һǷˣַרһʽҪ鷳ɡ
ֱչ죬þǣ¶ʱ罣Ҫ֮ˡ

峿֮һûˣǽӡ붨ܿǰţȥǰڰźǣǹ£Ϊһע뾭ˮ
ǹ⣬Խ飬ʵʣȻ׳һ֣ǿ
۾˫ϲɫû뵽˵ǣǣһС֪ȫʲôࡣ
ʽȷʵ̶߰죬ǡ
֨һ죬ʦ̫Ȼ̴㣬Сͤڣ¶Ľơ
ʦĽۡ
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ĽȥϢָ糣ЦʦϢˣ
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Ľͷǡ
տȻʦ̫üЦҡͷСӣԴҲ֪ôģ
ȫʦࡣĽЦ
ʦ̫һۣҿûǱ£Լ
Ľӣûʦ࣬÷أʦʮʽ
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ĽʮʽҪϸϸˣյʦʽʵΣգҹƣһˣɡ
Ŷʦ̫ü
Ľʹ罣⣬ⷨʵ̫ܴͣװˣʧ񣬻ɥʮһʽɱ˽
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Ľҡͷҹƣ׷ɽĳλָⴴ뵱Ȼˣδ֤ġ
˵ǿһ˵ȴͣ޷ס˿֮ԽͣԽ죡

ʦ̫ЦСӣ˵˵ȥǲǲǣ
Ľŵͷʦòðա
Σʦ̫ʡ
ĽʦȻǲͬġ
Ҿûʦ̫ߣ˶ϵɮ¡
ĽЦʦΪ׼ƣ˰գһ룬ܸܲĽһ¡
ϻ˵ҵҪʦ̫һۡ
Ľ״ΣֻõͷǵӶҪһԻ
У㣡ʦ̫ڰС֡
˵ںƣ΢ۣƱշǱգָϣ뽣
һʱٿĹȥɿ֣۾
Ľü˼Ϊʦɣܿˣ񲻹ǿ
ʽǿƲûԽǿԽȻԽ
ʦҪ̤ʽžһŬǶʱܹﵽ
룬ʦһ֮
ʦ̫ţԶϲüЦʲôӣ
ùඥЧΡĽָɽʦ̫üġ
ʦ̫һʱ۾


477 
Ľ֣Өӡ
۶Ϣ˫ֽӡׯʿһ
Ƭ̺ۣĽȻһЦƮƮСͤ⣬վˣȻź벽˫ǰָ罣ңָգ΢һĨָ⡣
Ľųվ߶š
ԼһӣϽ仯ޣĽǸоҲѲ
ĽͷʦҲġ
ʱţʦ̫ɢĽԽԽǿһʱΧɭɭಣ籦ʣ
ɫɮ۹纣ˣĶɮ۵ʱǿʱ
Ľüͷ
Ƭ̺Խǿɮٴ磬Ө죬绨Ϣô
Ľüͷø
ֹһӣʦ̫Ǻ죬ڹľ¶ģָĽҲ
ʱΧɭ纮ѣʵʣƱںϣסҪԶ
ĽǿӰ죬ɫȴÿüͷ˫۾ʦ̫
ʦ̫øҡͷ̾ϢһҪ߻ħ֮ףƲסˡ
˫ֺʮĦƣ΢촽⶯
ţһʱ¶԰ǧʮ˾㡣ʱ
޵ƮƮʦ̫У˿ƣá
ĽҴǴоű߻ħ
оԲͣʦ̫У󣬵˺оؼ䡣
ʦ̫ɫָɮ۹ϣĽȥ
ͣĽһϺȡ
ʦ̫һۣ޹ɨһĽӺȻһȥ
Ľһ§

һʽʦ̫ǿ̾Ϣ
ˮ͵ӿ˳ˮբй飬תŪʪɮ£ɮϣԳߡ
Ľưģһɴת˲תһȦ⣬Ȼһ§һֳϥ󣬱Žӡ
ģϾǺ纮أʱһаֿ鷳úܡ
֮һ㲻ܷ纮һ˷纮Ǿ˲õĴ󲡣Ѱ˸Σա
ʦ̫С磬ŷŵϣͷ̾ʽģ
ĽС֣Цʦף׽ͳưˣǲǣ
ʦ̫Ц⵽Ҳǣ
Ľ˹ȥת۰ڣɮһ¸ˣӸϣʦһȥѡ
ţȥɡʦ̫֣˯
ƣл㱣ĵ̫أ־ѡ
Ľתȥˣȥ޼õػһŮӰæʦ̫ѣܿ췵СԺ
صʱʦ̫Ѿ˯ȥˣ񾲰ꡣ
Ľ룬ѷŵһߣȻ˳ȥҡͷѡ
ʱ֣ĽСԺɽ뽫׺Žںϣȡ̣ȻﴫտȻտȻ
Ľæʦ
ݣʦ̫ӵ죬޶
ʦˣĽЦǰ
ʦ̫ЦеĿСӣοڡ
ĽЦʦԹҾͺá
ûඥʦ̫޷ʽ估ʱס߻ħʦ̫ȴ˲ٿࡣ
ʦ̫ҡҡͷ̾治ʽ

һʦ̫Ѿˣٳ֮ʣƲƲ죺Сӣúðѱɹɹϴϴ
Ľһô
ӺܸɾΪ˽ղ񹦣ëϴ裬徻֮壬һȾ覣Ū౻ӡ
ζ̫Ũˣʦ̫һۣŤȥˡ
ĽӣЦЦ
ʦнģ˯ĴغܱŤΪˡ
СԺֻʣһˣԺУԡϼУȷֿ˫ָɽգ΢۾ָ⣬볤ƿա
Ľ⽥ɣ˷·𶼻ΪһֱƣճأӭϹף
ʱȥ۾ʱǰҹʱ֣ϽСԺɭѣ¶ȱȡ
ƣֻᣬǺҹöˣҹպڵô⣬һ
̫ˣûطԷŲߵ޼ǰһתɣּСһСԺ
¹£СԺȻףΧΪһ壬ۿȥƽСԺ죬ȴʦ̫ľӴ
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ʦ̫𣺡Сӣɣ
ĽŽȥһģһ죬콣ȥ
ʦ̫һѩ׳Ӿװӣĳֽվǰߵ
ĽһۣЦʦָˣ
ʦ̫սʣ˯һܶ£ô
ĽЦԷʱΣʦ뷹ԣ
ʦ̫רŵĳռĽʦ˵ȴû̹ʱóû䷹
ţԵȡͷתݣһһϮɫɮ۳
İƣһˣǸη
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Ҫ˵ĽȻüѪӿһ¡
ɫ䣬ʦ̫ʣôˣ
Ľҡҡͷͤ⣬ֻѪֹ˼󣬷
Ľͣתʦʦǳˣ
ʦ̫üһĸְиţµ书ڳԿ
ĽҡҡͷиӦȴģһƬ£ȴ¹ҡ
̧ͷ죬һ죬ҹճγûơ
ķҵ˼ͣ£飬վ
Դվľˮ࣬ϲûǱˣǵģӫ
ķȴͷһΡ
տȻǳˣʦ̫üʡ
Ľͷ˾Ųʮʦҵȥ
ʦ̫üߵѻ죡ʲô£ȥҲ
ʱպȻһӥণԽĽæ֣ӥҲĿˡ
һӥͷĽץСӥϵܣȡһֽɫһ䡣
ݸʦ̫ʦϳ
鴽һХ׺ɽ´һ˻˻쳹׺ɽס
ĽתСԺ޼ǰʱӰΪһ̨̣Ʈת۵˽ǰ
̨̤ƽأٶʤṦ
ĽһԾ˳ӰӰ˻һΪһĨƮȥ׺ɽѣ׷׳ô¡


478 
ʦ̫ƮʱֻĽӰΪһ̵ɽ£ҧš
ߵСԺݶվ˲ٵӣǱ˯ֵģզ࣬˵տȻʦһƥٶ磬ȥ磬Ȼ
Ͻȥ˯⾫࣡ʦ̫߳һתɨ
һͷĵƮݶԻݣһտȻʦǴݳ̩ɽǰɫ䣬Ϊ˴æѲɷʲô£
òףȴ²ҲеĲµʦйأϾһϢûУ翵Ҳ°ˣԼҲ档
ʦ̫üõĸ֣书ߣȴûտȻͨɽҲûã֪ȥˡ
ҡҡͷ̾ϢأտȻҲŲߵһˣʱû뵽
뵽ļڵļġ
ĽڳӰϣǰһзٵˣģ壬Ϯ絶ȫںļ١
ղʱһӥণֻӥָ·ӰѿĽ˵Ȼĸ
߹ٵֱߣ㣬ɽɽƽأˮֱ˹ٶȱȾṦһߡ
ĽԴԴϵĴ߶һ֮绢ٶȸ죬ʱܳٶȺš
ļ٣뵽ɫĴʦ㣬յʦнʹԳ֣Ϊŭ
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ĸӱ۶еüеҡͷЦе˷Ī˱˴˼ʮԶγһΡ
мһӽ쾲Ө
쾲Ө£촽ŶԷϢŻӽ
˼ϣͷؿڣ¶弡㺹죬ӽֱ֮Ƽ
δ˼ЦеĶơ
쾲ӨüԵģмбꡣ
úãζϲЦ

ĽĻһ³ɱⱻյ÷ҽյʦ㱻ϷŪ
쾲Өʦ䣬ʦ䲻ͬǶµĳȻԶ룬ĵȻΪڲ׺ɽڵУλڴʦ¡
񣬱ΪŮʦ㣬˵Ϸ׺ɽڵ֪ˣʹҲҪƴġ
üһ״쾲ӨϣһɫԲѣ֪ǻ
ֻҪˣ컯ڣܵסģ˶м
·ǳӰκĽʩչȼֻϧôˡ
Хʦ㡪
Хף쳹գķ졣
쾲ӨһĽȻһǣû뵽ֻһ
ĽһӰ󱳣ĳṦһ֧У˫ָǰ׺ӿ
УʮӰһֱֱ̽ǰ
꺺Ʈӭȴײ˽УæˣȴһԱһһҼ硣
ڶ棬û뵽ͬ˲ãĽѵ쾲Өߣ˫ֻӶݺᡣ
ӽ磬һͣˣĽĽӴȴ硣
ʦ㣬ŴʦߣĽ
쾲ӨֻһͶ͵ԼӹʮԶƮƮ䵽ϣɢ
Ӱ˻һתߣΪһĨӰʧҹɫС
Ľ׷ȴĽѹƣ˷ɽʽǣԽǦӴ

˽㾫ٶ죬һ㣬ǽãǿȴĽ޿κεĻӽֵ
˵Ǿѣ⽣縧ס壬ֻܻӽס
ĽʩչȼȼգҶǿᣬṦƽʱ֣ڳӰ档
˼״޿κεͣ¡
ˣĽһ޲ð׽סĥҹҺܽͷ֮ޡ
δʧǿѹ·ҽɱ⣬ʦҪԼһʰ˲ף˴ʦ㣬ʹɱҲá
Ľһ쾲Өưº󱳣̽ƣֻӣɬѡ
üͷʳָһϲ·תư뵯ֱġ
ѩ͸һɳһ
쾲Өϣ㷢Ʈת۹ѾѺɡ
תʦˣ
Ľջƣüʱ컯˭
Ц̳̳ƽ쾲Өҧ
Ľƽ٣ɱţʦΣ
쾲ӨҡͷҲҪֻˣǴʦҵһ£µľҡ
Ľ
쾲ӨͷǣⰵܹŹ֣ɫ¶δǴʦ㷢ֺסҡ
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쾲Өһ죬ȴû˵֪ҵ˰
ĽƣȻһһɫ⣬ȴһöţë롣
ôİĽߵ
쾲Өֲ̾á
תͷĽ£ʦܷǡ

ԭӨͿһɫ޹⣬üţƾʹ࣬Ľ޲ð§ڻʹࡣ
쾲ӨһԿţѹϧ½ƮӰǿ׳ٶȣҪϻز׺ɽ
Ӱٶ磬ʱ˲׺ɽĽڣѪӿ
˲׺ɽ£Ӱ̨̤һȥĽһһ̨ףʩչṦ
ص޼ڵƻͨʦ̫üʦ̫¶ڣڸմӡ
÷ƻСԲڱչأûг֡
ʦ̫ϥ˫Ƶ±ģͷһаһþòɢׯϡ
ϻɫʣͷҲһγɵȴ࣬ɴζ֡
üʦ̫鵭Ȼüͷȴ쾲ӨϥΧڵһԲ¿
Ľüʦ̫¶һ˿Ц⣬ʾߡ
Ľ߹ȥ£һΣҡҡͷ
üʦ̫տȻ絽һ򲻿룡
Ľҡͷ书ûʦڶ
֪κһˣղŵζҪƴȴǿ̳嶯תߣ侲Щˡ


479 ɽ
һڶѹ棬ڲͣķڣԽԽŨңӿ˵
й˼˵㣬ȴԭƽɱҽѹסˡ
öԣѵãüʦ̫ĵͷ
տȻ侲ϿɲǲٿΪ˵ףûһʲô˲á
һλ˸˶ƴǼ˶Ǿ֣ǲҲԣ붼
տȻʺһţϧ׺ɵֻŮӣˣ׺ɣʵڿϧˡ
Щһͷ֮䣬𲻼Ө˵⼸˶书ˣ̳ᣬȴ켫ʹûа㾲ӨҲǶ֡
ĽͷĽȷʵ졣
Ц治Сһ̳̳ѣܰ뾲ӨƳüʦ̫
Ľ̳Ľ죬˵书ҲǶģȴʦˡ
üʦ̫ҡҡͷ£ĽҲתͷȥ
ϻɫʣͷϿյһЩʦ̫ͷһ绨ڴͷ
ССһϷ̳ЦĸΣüʦ̫ҡͷء
Ľʦȥһ̽
ţҾͷˡüʦ̫¶Цݡ
˵˵ڰ˽С
ι֣ϻɫԲʣʦ̫ȴɫǺ죬ȻѾ֧ĽٿһҶ㵴ߣʦ̫
Ľƣʦ̫ģһɴʱӿȥú֮أ˲䱻ɡ
ʦ̫ɫָͷγɵһϻɫûȥ
һӹĽջƣʦ̫Ҳƣۣҡͷ̾Ϣһ
ϥׯϡ

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˴Աߵǰʦ̫Ȼһ֣顱һ죬һ
ԱһӳһӡȻӲˣĵϣԶ׼
Ľʦȥ
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տȻ⻰ǲ٣̽Цõʵ׺ɽУʵĪˣ书ǿҲͨá
üʦ̫տȻǵѹ˵˵پա
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תڰ֣ﶼȥɣ
ӱҧгݣʦ壬ôҪģ
Ŵ񣬽ζˡ
ʦ̫һЦһҪģܼ̽ʵ㣡
ӱʦ壬ȥɣ
ѽʦ̫һۣҡҡͷ
ӱҪ˵üʦ̫ˣͱˣϽȥ˯
ӱʦ
³ç嶯ӣȥֻܻ£üʦ̫ĵ
ӱҸտȻʦһ
㻹ǱտȻˣüʦ̫ߵ

˵Ż쾲Өڵǰæתͷȥʦ̫æϢһ
쾲ӨҡͷҲҪ
ɣҺú˵˵ô¡ʦ̫֡
쾲ӨߵߣҡͷɱʦõЦõ̳ȴ¶м׷ˣ
书Σʦ̫ʡ
쾲ӨƽһЩ˶һߣʦಮ١
ʦ̫üһ壬˵ѽ
ǶЦһ֪Цǿȴǿˡ
ƽֶαգСģǿǣȴʩ㡣쾲Өҡҡͷ
Ȼƽ֮ǣȴġ
ʦ̫תͷüʦ̫ƽ̳ӦǺºĶӡ
üʦ̫ͷţĶӣĸָ˵ּҵˣ
ɫʦ̫Ҳüࡣ
ӱʵʦּҺ
Ĵ֮һüʦ̫
ӱмĵּΣ仨ˮ
˵䣡üʦ̫ûĺߵ˵󻰣ΪּôöԸ
ǾͲӱĵ
Ľǣ浽һּңǸ鷳
ʦּұΣĽʡ
ʦ̫̾һҡҡͷǿǡ
ĽĬȻü룬˿ӲӲ
ʦ̫ü
Ľʦȥ˵Σ
ţ̽ʵɡʦ̫Ըĵͷ
ԭĽ˷ɽɽȴݲˡ

Ľڿ˿ʦĶ
Իȥİաʦ̫ڰ֡
Ľͷٶ˵
ʦ̫ڰ֣ȵˣôˣտȻɽﶼȥ˯ɣþú
˴Ӧ󣬷׷뿪ת۹ɢȥֻʣĽʦ̫ˡ
һ¸¹ϡ
ʦ̫տȻȥĪҪǿ
Ľʦġ
ʦ̫Ƭ̣ã
ĽЦһͷ
ֻ̽ʵܲ־ͱ֣ʦ̫ĵĶ
˽ܸоɱ⡣
ĽʦһУ³çµģ
ʦ̫ͺãһʱ֮㲻ʲô˷ɽٰѾתϴ辭ˣ֣δزܳϹ˼ӱʮ겻
ǣʦĽů
ʦ̫ڰ֣Ǿȥɡ
ҵʦˣʦһɽĽ
ţҲáʦ̫ͷһۣʲôŤˣ
ĽӣҡͷЦ
ʦ̫̾һת֣СߣĽ
ʦ̫Զ˸ҲңСɵһͷСͰԼɲ׺ɽţ̫ء
ʦӲҪġĽҡͷ
ʦ̫һЦΪʦֲϹӣܿµ˼
Ľӡ
ʦ̫̾׺ɵֻܶĹأҪţİɡ
Ľʦزƣ
ơʦ̫ҡͷ
Ľ̾ϢһʧЦЦ


480 ˮ
ʦ̫ҡͷ̾˻鲻ƣѾͷҲ㣬ϧŲ²׺ɽ
ĽЦͷǣ׺ɽҪʦѡû
¸ϻ۹ˣһҪ࣬ѵѡţ׺ɽʦ̫
Ľ
ʦ̫۶Сӣô죿
Ľҡҡͷ֮һݲһ˿ǿҲǿʦġ
ʦ̫΢΢һЦл۽ն˿𷨾棬ǻۡ
ĽЦʦصġ
ţҾ򰮳ɺޡʦ̫̾
Ľҡҡͷˡ
Ǿͺãȥɡʦ̫ͷ
Ľʮһת뿪֣صԼСԺ΢һֱѹţʼʽ
ʽͰԵĵǱŭɱ⣬ǡ⣬ϣСԺ
ڶ죬ӱСԺǰҪ̤ǰţغëз鲻Խһ
ŵĽܣҳΣԴͷȴûȣҿˣ
ȴûתĿ磬ûǡɭɭʧ·һнǴ
ֵüߺȻº͵ʦ㣬ա
ӱŽŽԺĽվԺУӱȴһݡ
տȻʦܣôˣȻʡ
Ľǳ磬ӯû㲣һꡣ
Ľҡҡͷ޷һЩˣʦһɽ
ѽӱæͷֺõЦǰտȻʦܣ˵ãʦ˵һ˵¡
ĽЦ֣Сͤ¡

ӱЦеĵʦ˭ĻʦĻã顣
Ľ˫ְס΢ЦʵʦΪɽ
ߣֵСҷвɣӱҧ޺޺ߵ
Ϊʦ㱨𣿡Ľʡ
ӱͷʦ˶ȴ˵Ϸ裬ɱֵģҿ˯þ
ĽƬ̣˿ʱյ죬ӿ֮Ʈ˳
յһյԼһյһڣ²յʦ㣬ʦӦġ
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ĽҡͷҼʶֵĽʦҲǶ֣ʦó𣿡
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ӱڵվʦܣ治ʹ죡
ĽΪҡͷЦʦǸģҾ˵컨׹Ҳûã
㵹˵˵ѽӱ
ĽЦҲŲûȤ
ѽտȻʦܣҼסԺңӱţתһ˳ȥ
ĽЦеĿ뿪ѹֵ˼֡
һƤ£ͷƤñͨѩף泤Դʣһɽȡ
СԺв޼һ·ڵӷ׷׼񣬾Ĵ
òû䣬죬绻һˡ
Ľ޼ֻˡʦ̫¡
ӻָӨףɫѾȥĽһ˵ԵѾʦ֮ڣָĪĸˡ

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ʦ̫ЦտȻһ磬ϲˣţüëŨһЩճϳס
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Ľ£ʦ㣬ȥ̽̽ʵ˵һ˵ա
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Ľͷʦ㣬ƽĶӣ̳ˣּҵˣ
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ʦ̫ҡͷɽζŶϾһлܿᱻɹء
ĽЦʦˣʥѩǽãߴɣ׽˥䣬ɽãкξ壿
ʦ̫룬ԥ̫شҪиλ¾
ǣʦͺúɣȥˡĽͷ

ʦܡºȻڡ
ĽҪͣתͷ¶΢ЦʦкηԸ
¼Цݿͷ΢ᣬȴǵĵǺкϻ֮
ĽЦŵͷã֪ˣлʦѡ
΢
Ľѳ䣬ЦʦҾͳˡ
һЦ׳ʮ㡣
šʦ̫ڰ֣תͷЦ£ȥڿ⣬Ѻñˮ
ǡ뿪
ĽЦҾͶлʦˡ
ʦ̫ЦʣˮǱᵶ𣿡
Ľҡҡͷûѧ
ʦ̫ҲգȥңŪһ׵㡣
ŤƮȻȥֻʣһˡ
̾ϢһŮ˫͸ƺˣﻹݡ
ӰȻһ³֣һң򵥵
ʦܣǱˮ˫ֵݹ
Ľӹˣŵһ飬ԽУһĨˮ㵶֡
ճɭɭӯӯˮһˮ淺鶯


481 ϰ
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µʦܣǰѶأ
Ľűˮء
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Ļ̌ͷЦ̫ۣйݣһйݿǴ鷳
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꣬Υģй֮˵漰еģնݳɱŹ
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Ľо񣬷˵ȷʵףƺԼꡣ
ʦ㣬ˮǰ˭Ľʡ
µֳһλɱݣۺûȫƾöʦΪֳ˴˵˴˵һ׵
ĽȤ
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ֻ˰˵Ȼյ˷·ɢâԡһԡ
ĽѾӡԺʽϸĦԽĦԽ
ûӴȻһ֪ҵٿĵһͨͨ
ĽһʽףˮǿʦĵȴһЩҲѧᡣ

ֵݹˮʦܣѧѾؼǾ֮˾ӣ鶯仯޷˰ߣһУٱûնһе־Զòõ
ĽͷЩ򣺡ߣһС
µǰʽʦѾסˣɡ
ĽӹˮӶ˸һȪΧ֣ɷ
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ȴͷѣ̾ʦܹȻţǿһԼʩչ裬ԼԶ磡
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ĽͷʽˮȴζһƬˮ΢Σġ
ʮ飬ٴλӽϡ
˷峿һֱ磬һֱϣҵĲ㣬Ľʽ
㷽ĽĵͻͽԶʤԼ





482 С
ϣĽصСԺóҲŵĶ
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еĹϸ𣬾ѶϣгӰ
Ӱģ䣬ٶȴ˻ɣһƥһƥ࣬Ҳû˻Ϊͬһƥ
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⿪ҲӵĵӳϤ֮Уḧŵڵ
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ԽԽŨüģһ˿һ˿һһƣ˿ƲƣϾۼüγһѵ
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ݻգݣƽ̹СϪˮ˵д⣬ˮС
ղԺʮΣʱʹʮ֮Ч
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ܵپҲá
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ǰСϪ˺СϪ·ˮȻݣ಻ȴָ˳֮С
һһʱĽ¶΢ЦѵˣʺûҲ²һȦһȦֱ״
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Цּҽǿڲ׺ɽһɱƽҶҪ֣׺ɽУסҪ
Ϊˣټһ׺ɽʲô¶䵽ͷϡʦ̫̾Ϣһ
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ĽһأأҲ׼̫ͱЦּһɡ
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ʦ̫ҡҡͷӦû֪ʦҲˣ֪Ҷٶˣû֪
ĽЦû֪ãùһ񡣡

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ĽͷɽҲ޷ֻҪЦǱ߾ǣõǱ̫Զ
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ĽҲûʲôģͷȻһʰƽȻĻˡ
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Ľü
ʦ̫Цѽƾ⹦ֻǶְˣɱ֪ߵغȻ֡
Ľñͷ
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Ľͷǽݾʡ
ɲɡʦ̫ҡͷ̾ѧǿǴһѧ˵˼ҴȴûȤ
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ʦֵ̫м湦ȴѣղ񹦰ɣּһſľ񹦣һ˹ľǹ֣˿ľ֮ˣƳǿʢնԴɱ

ĽЦҲˣ
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ʦ̫ôĵطҲ࣬ΪܻúúõģûΧˣѵԶǴܶƣ
Ľͷ
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ʦ̫Ҹϸϸ˵˵ɣɵ࣬ǱɣϱЦã߻ХǺСм亣칬ǵߴɵλ൱
ʦֵ̫㲻ȥˣХﲻѧȥ칬ǿȴͽܣԼѡ빬УǺСλȻѧ棬ֻ츳ʾ
ȥЦáĽ
ʵڲĿѧϰȴ죬Ըӵٶȡ
ʦ̫ҡͷЦҲѧմѧգֻǺСˡ


483 ̫
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ʦ̫һۣС˵ôֱӣôѹһͷǲ׺ɽ书ʺŮʲô취
ĽЦǲ׺ɽˣǺСҲ㣬罣ѧкã
罣챡ʹǿɾҲޣһȴѹһͷ粻ѧ
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ǸСӣĸʵͽׯˣ־㲻֪ɣʦ̫Ц
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ڿʼͽˣǺˡʦ̫Ц񣡡
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ĽЦʦİգһСĵģ㶼˵ü
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ȥɡʦ̫ûİڰ֡
Ľת뿪ǳ޼ֱ̤ʯɽ¶ȥ
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˼Σ˼Σտȥ޼ǰȴѿĽӰ
Ľ֮ۿȻɽ£ҡҡͷԼʦעԵ޷ݣپҲ档

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һǽ֮ͣһ𣬴ںȾƴڳ⣬˵Ц
˵̳ǺС˸е
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̳ܽǺСǺøһŨ״ӸпѣĽɫ
ɲǣԱһĺӺٺЦǺС˶ֱ磡
ӣˣǺСЩ˶ɸ̣ģҲܲ𣡡
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үӣǺСŮһֱôҲ꣬һҺӺٺЦ
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꺺ɨһˣٺЦ
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ϡһ̳ɽ࣡ԶСæе

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һ˾סƽʱһЩһЩƷʱ
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ģ䣬СԽüëҲͷͷѽȥ˵Ҳ䡣
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꺺ӹЦл
Ľڰ֣һС˼ɾ⣬״˵˵ա
ϣ꺺ʹĴӦЦ֮أɲҪ˵˵ģ
״ͱ˲ͷĽе
Ǻǡ꺺ӵͷЦ˵ѽǺСŮһ湦̫񹦣ǲģһȫעԷڣٺ٣ȢǺСŮˣָ֣һ죡


484 
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ƺһѣüҡͷ״ô˵ǺСŮΪѣ˵Ӧðɡ
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ĽʣЩ˵ǺСŮӣû书
հ׵꺺ҡͷǼ˺ӣӲͷ¶棬᲻书û֪أ
ĽŰ״ɾѣ˼⣬þ˼򵥡
ʱŮӵλͣ˵ŮӸʤˣ׺ɣʥѩ壬ǺСȴı䲻˴ơ
ǺСĵˣһףȫ˶ԷԼޣֶǲÿ˶֪ͼʵϡ
ҡҡͷΪȻЦЦ
һհ׵꺺ӹཹһɽ࣬һĨ죬ʹ죬Цкθ߼
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ƳӽƽŻɱ֮û뵽ƽǺС

㲻㣡˼üѡ
˿ԼɱƽֻܽǺСƽһǺСʱ䲻ܳʦǱǺСɱѰ·ǺСɲǳ׽ɡ
״βܽǺСĽʡ
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˵ΧǺܰһ䣬нӻģЦЩˣĸûԹģ
ΧǺȻЦԹԹ
һҡͷ̾Ǽһù˼Сò̲סڻ䣬书ǺСĹӣǴ̵Ļ
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һҺЦҪСģͨûʲô˶ɳԲ˶ߣ
ǺǣлλĽȭЦ

СԺλڰƳϣĽ¥һۣŴִȺһլǰ
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ɢȫԺУһ˿Ҳޣյġ
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ɢӿָܿ

ȴɱƽ֮ȻҪ躹ޣװɱ֮񣬷򣬲ɱͬҲɱ֮
ҪǣҪȥԭݣ׺ڣױϳ
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ʶͣŮŵ۲ԲŮӴŵ΢Цˮ
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ĽҡҡͷЦõһףԼϹûݹʦ
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˵յߣʸʸУ浶ߣ衣
죬ܿһʽ㣬֮ٿյӡ
Ůѧ־ƷһƷʽŵѧô


485 ͬ
Ľŵһ԰ɣ
㡣Ůס
Ľ΢˫ۣԺСղŵʽָģ£˿
ŮվһԴһԡ
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ԲŮһ죬ɬЦһ£Ľǰֵӣ֡
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ԲŮִĽָܸܵһϢУϪˮ丣ʣѭһܣָ
Ľ΢ûʧĶȴᵽɬ
Լһʱ䣬ԲŮɿ֣æ˻ŮߣһĽĺ촽˶
ŮҲ촽⶯˼¡
ĽףǶʩչܵ

Ů¶΢Цӣٿ
Ľͷ֣롪
ŮߵǰЦ֡
Ľ֣˴ָ΢Ĭ죬Ľֻһ˿Ϣھƣͣڵ̻ú˻ȥ
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ܽǺСĽʵ
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ŮóĽһû̫ϣ˾ϲ֡
⻹Ǻõģһεƽʧ̬һ󺰴УЦֹĿࡣ
ŮȻ΢ЦʦܣǰʲôˣӽԺǺСˣһˣֻҪΥŹͳɡ
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ŮЦָָԲŮСˮСᣬ
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ĽͷҰʱˡ
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Цպ֪֮һʣҪúŬǣ˵ܳɾƷء
ƷӣĽһŨü
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ĽͷǺСȼ׺ɽȻͬ
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СῪţȥ֮۸ӣѾˣģЦһ
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ŮûΣʣô׾ʱҲƽǰ۾
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Ľƽˮš
ĽСᣬȴסˣЦʦܣǾϸ˵ģէ˷İգ۲
Ľһģ
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ƽ䳤ȻЦʦİգ˭̫ͷ϶ǳԲ˶ߣ


486 ٷ
ЦҲҪСģܲ±㲻£һЩ֮ͽ
ǡƽΪȻЦЦ
Ľü֮ͽǺСĵ˼ɵС
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Ъ˰ʱŸ·һƥ
ʮƥ죬磬ΧƱУ·խ߲ͣס
Ƕ죬ΧɽȴдУⰻȻʪů·졣
·ԽԽգխһͷһ˼ҿط˿
ŮԽ࣬ƽӰ죬ҲҹΣ˫纮ǰ⣬ˡ
Ľȴϣ΢Ǵ˯
֮۸Χȷʵзգǰ治Զһˣʮſڲݴһ
ûѣװ֪΢Ǿտ
ǰͷߵһɽʱתͷСĵһ·еˣ͵Ϯ㣡
۲ڴ˯Ľϡ
һζ·ߣߵ˯Ҳ·Ҫ񣬲ٴ˯ˡ
Ľ۾Цŵͷʾס
ǰһɽһСͨɽ·ƮһƴӣдеҰݡ
ƽͷƣҡͷ̫ߣ˻治öԸβһѻ˸ɾ
Цʪ󣬵Ҳղһŭ˭Ҳ֪ɽ˶ٵ
ǺСЩں֮ڣƽĵ
ҡҡͷûҪ鷳
ƽҪۣҪǵƣ֪ǺСǲã
ЦЦٶ˵ߡ

ߵɽʱȻһ֣ʱͣס
ȭСŮǺСӣһУ
ٺ١ٺ١һЦ˷صݣ·ʮͬʱڡ
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Сʱߡ
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ƽҲչǺЦʦ㣬Ұ֣һʦ֡
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СῴƽҡҡͷԱͲòʦܣ
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У󺺴ӺĲݴٺЦűĽˣè󣬽ŲϷʡ

Сüתͷʦܣ˺󣡡
Ľγˮӯӯˮǰζʦ㣬ǲȴаɡ
ƽСߣЦʦ㣬ɱţҰʰˣٰʦǣ
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ٺ٣˵ǺСҲһǣһ󺺲м
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󺺺ᵶһһ죬ཻһ
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ãһϣ󺺳һƽĽߵСмֱ£ϧˣ
Χƽ£ƽһʱ·硣

꺺ӻĽСǰ
˶СᣬһԲ󺺺ٺһЦС֪ǺСģ־ڱصãʵʵɣذ׷
ĽϣɨһһߣˮӽֵʮΧ緱ǵ㣬ӯͬ轣
˽ˣһʮѾĸʮأԿ񹥲ֹ޾ɫ
ӣŮһʱ̱ʮ󺺸ηʯٵʽ
һߣƽΧ᧿Σ䲻ݷ
СɣֵĽ
Ľ˼һתʦ㣬ȥʦܣҶԸˣ
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ƽСлˣʱռϷ磬һߣ󺺿ֳжԸĽĽȴ·硣
С´󼱣ʦܣ


487 ֶ
ĽʽӦԣֲʽˮƣγһסǰ
һˣԱ˼ƻŲ֮ʼձһǰһл֮ƣʽҲ
Ľ˴ʧˣ׽֮С
Сһƽ֣һ߿ߣĽ·磬һת뵽⣬Ҫһ
ĽæӦһƵһ꺺˺ĽһڹȥСǰ
СỶһĵôʰǣ
ĽЦʦ㣬ҵ΢ʵڲ
ԼһϹزѾСЦ緱ǵ㣬鲼ܣһ˶ˣ˷ֱ𽻸Ľƽ
Ľ࣬赶һ˿ɱõǱֲСơ
˵ǹʮУȴûּཻɵ֮
ƽ磬ףԷǸŨܵĴ󺺣ȻĶԹӳһţͣ
ĽĵƽĽȻͬһһ죬һˮһ
СĽ䣬ˮ⣬ǰĽ϶ԣĵסˡ
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ʦܵĵȴģˮһĿȴӲ㣬ܲ׽סսٵо鲻ƾ׵ûʤ
תͷƳһԶݴԣ˸ߺڶҽ˷ʦʦ˫赣Ǹֵúá
ʦ㣿е
ԶǱ߻ðɣ
ʦİգǵסС὿Ц
ǺãϾͺãЦ

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ʦôСһ
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ĽȻһӻͳһ˳ȥһֽըɫƮ
ǡڴʱһɽǱŰɫû˶ˣĽеʦ㣬ߣ
󺺼ɣ˫趯磬Ƕۡ
СһѺæһӣƮƮߣƽҲ󳷽ߡ
ӹƥƮݴУŸΧˮˮýҼӿѪ
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ƽΧȦСˮŮ㵽һǡ
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ƽ죬磬Ľյʦ㣬Ҹҩɣ
ãҲҪˮæҡͷˡ
ĽӻͳһС״ƿЦ˽ŪЦɢҩЧá
ƽЦһ£ӻͳһСƿ׸ĽҵİɣЦɢЧ̫Цɢ
ĽЦŽӹƿӣӺˮ׼ͷ˿ڣһЩɫĩ䵽˿ڡ
ˮһüǣʹΪ
Ľջƿ׻ƽվۿ֪ˣۡ
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ˮᣬɬɱȴɡ
˹ƿڴۣõǺСĵֶΣǳʶ

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ĽˮüѣһСİ
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̵ģ˭˵ʯҷ۵ģ磡
ڴ󺺿磬ǰֹ֣ס硣
Ů棬緱ǵ㣬ȺУת˲ֻͣסϢ
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Ů֣ʣ־
СתͷЦʦܣⲻʯҷ۰ɣ
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šͷҲпԭ

ƽƲһ죬һĽ͸мУȴûɫ
ЦˣѪ̫ŨǿЩ뿪
Ľ˭Ϊηǣ
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Ľ·̫ƽһЩա
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ÿ죬һһ磬һ굽ͷѵûһκУһߣ֪Ķˡ
ĽȻɨܣҡͷ̾Ϣ
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˻صϣߣСУ˰ɽֻһƥһƥߡ
Բݴܣֺѷ֣СĽ䱸ţɽʱˮ¶ƣ̬
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С󱳣ˣ
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СͷдǺαðգ
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εʯͷһŴ£ء


488 ˫
Ľ̾һӣ
ƽƲƲ죬¶м飬òñòʤŭ޷֡
ĽûƳɫЦʦܿɱȥˣ
ƽɫ΢һ
ĽҡͷŵҿԲλࡣ
ЦʦܴɲأദˣòأؼǷº͡
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ҡͷЦЦͷ꣺ûʲôˣΪܾϢһӾͻ
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ͷţͬȫɱˣֻһҴߡ
ļһƽҧгݡ
̾ЩûԣŮ׶ɱȫƾԼöȷʵ
Ľüʦ㣬ǺСβúɨһͥɨѨһ򾡣
ҡҡͷ̾һɽ̫࣬ҪҲԻǺС
Ľͷ
ףжǱ飬ɲŹ򣬻Ļᡣ
ƽһȥ˵һЦõƽ
ʦҲûȤ̳Ҳ֪ȴġҡͷЦ
ʦİգҵģƽƶ˵
ЦЦȻתͷꡣ
ӢۣɨһΧˣһЦ˺ݶСҲŹǣ
˵ű۾Ȼ
ȻĽЦϴ˰ɡ
΢Цλӣʲô£
Ӣ۾Ťͷüǡ
·֮ˣмӻоȣ֪ʲô£΢Цͣ崺硣

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ӢãȻκ̾˿ˣһһŮеʮ꣬Ůʮ꣬ǾȻһҲŹҲŹ
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ܸڰɡ̾˿
С˫һѹɤٵʣʦ㣬ǲ˫
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Сԭ̫Ķӱɱ֮˾ͱò̺ɱרϲɱСӡ
ĽĬȻҡͷ̾Ϣһ˼£ʵ޷
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תͷʣû̹Ӵ
СɽӢ걧ȭ
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ɽŽü룬糿Ǵ뿪ģҲ֪ҡȥˡ
ҧ룬ҡͷ̾Ϣ

Ľа⣬ҪҪչ¶ԼͨƾıѰ˲ѣȴ˻ɡ
ίʵɺޣ̫ûԣţ׾ŹˣԼİ
ѰȥɱΩֶ书̫ǿԼǶ֣֪Լ书ʵߡ
ܱ߽и룬ֲóȻȥܳףܵľѧһˣֱţԴܰȻ
ô죡Сţ޺޲ѡ
ϲСӣ˫ʹޣһǣ޲ɱˡ
ɽǺͷȥ
תͷʦãξ˰ɣÿɱ˶ԶݣҲġ
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ĽȴףƷסһ𣬲ǵطС޴ãȴļһΪ˼Ϊ顣
һ˫񣬶˵Ǻ÷ӡ
СĿСֳдСȻ
һСݣСͤ岼һջԶԱͣżС沨
˵Сһǰͷˮ鿸һ꣬òƽƽһͬȭЦʦ㣡ʦ㣡ʦãǻ
ʦ֣ʦ֣ô΢Цȭ
Դҡҡͷһмʣڱչأλʦܣ
ѽãһ½λʦܡͷ
ĿһĽƽЦǿϲɺأ⼸һֱûнʦʦãǶء
Ľȭһ΢Цƽ΢۾ˡ

ʧԭΪǺСĵɷˣʦһģȴȻ
˱ȭĽ΢Цƽͷǳ
ʦܣƽʦܣʶãҲƷϵĵӣ
Ǹã˻ϲ
ЦȲˣǽȥˡ
걧ȭЦЦȻ˸ԵСݣû˶
ƽʣʦ㣬λʦģ
ע⵽彣ǵ
ǣͷ
ƽȻеҲ
˭˵еӲģЦʡ
ƽ˵ǺСĽҪŮֻġ
ҡͷЦǺеѧ廨ţÿĶͬʩ̣ǽȫƾϲ
ѽƽš
洫ԣǺСĽΨŮɣֻȴǴ󡣡Ц
⡭Ѩ硭ƽ
ҡҡͷΪ֮ѧΪ飬Ů첻㣬ȴͬѧѧǸϲǿƷѧһ׵ʽ򣬶еѧˣ¶⣬˴ա
ԭƽһ
Сǽϲʵڲһ򿴲𵶣ֱ̫ɣš
ǺС·ϣһֱıŸĻڷ
һЦ޸£ȫ˭ˣ֣һλңºж֡
ǣǡƽͷ
ģҲٶ˵СѾջš
ԾջźЦλʦܣȥãҪղܳء
ǡĽЦлʦһ·ϡ

˼䣬˷ֿСĽƽ̤һɽС·ʯСƣΧдУ¡
ߵ˰ɽСһۣһԺǰֱ̤һ䳡ʮ
Ƿ׷ͣסתͷ
һ̤ǰһϲĵʦãô
ߴ࣬ɫ΢ڣòã˷ܵСᡣ
Сʦ֣½λʦܣʦܣƽʦܡ
˷׷Χ˹ˡ
ʦãͽİաʦظЦȻȥЪһЪ
СͷתĽʦܣǶܺõģ㰲Ĵţѧ
áĽ΢Цͷɫݡ
ƽæʦ㣬Ҫٻȥô
СҡͷأԸ
ѽƽʧĵ
ʦֹƽļ򣬺ǺЦʦܷİգһˣʦҲס
˵ŻüŪ۵Ц
ƽЩϰ߱ļǿЦЦ
Ľ΢ЦˣƽЩִ١
ٹǡСЦת뿪ˡ
˶ʱ˵ЦĽƽΧڵУǳ


492 
ʦܣʦܣһ·˳ɣʦֺǺЦʣǰ·ֱһǰ
ƽ󣬱Թˣһͨƴɱ·治̫ƽ
ʦתʣɽǶ·ɣ
ѽƽӦ
ʦҡҡͷǶ·֮ͽȷʵߡ
˵ŻŽȥݣһңü򵥣ЩϾɡ
ݾ͸ʦܰɡʦֵ
Ľͷһˣ
ǣÿһӣʦܵԱߡʦֵͷ
ãлʦ֡ĽЦ
ʦʣʦҪҪЪһЪ
ĽЦˡ
ȥʦܵӡʦһ֣תȥԱһӣĽӼһģһ
ʦҲЪϢɣʦʵ
ƽæͷã
ʦֵǺã׽׽һ
˸ݣ䳡Ѿָеееȭɷ֡
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λʦܣһ¡ʦֵʦʦܣƷӣʦܣƷӣӺʦܣƷӡ
һһָʮ˽ܡ
꣬ƽȵʦ֣ô͵ľƷ
мûµʦָп
ƽɵʣôᡭ
¼ȱģ׿߲ȡ¼ôʺõˣֱϣʦε
ԭƽЦЩմմϲǺСȻʲô˶ܽġ
ʦܣ彣㣬Ҳӹ֡ʦֵ
ƽЦЦׯڰʽҳݣ
˵ȴ¶ȻɫһһٮٮȺе֣Ȼγ˰

ǺǣһǿʦЦеҡͷתĽʦܣͨڹѽ
Ľͷǣʦ֣ѧһûѧڹ
ѽʦֵͷЦĵӶҪԱ£ʦܣһˣдһ¡
ƽʹĴӦҲĪ˿ˣĽѹ£٣Ͳ
룬ʦ֡
ʦһЦСӣҪд裡
ǣʦֲָ̣ƽֱųʦ֡
ЦλʦʦֺǺЦãҪľݺսǿɲСʦܣҪã
ƽ΢΢һЦųʦ֣ʦ֣
ãд֣ʦˬĴӦˣתͷʦܣҲдһ£
ĽЦҾͲ׳˰ɣèĵͽЦˣ
ʦˬЦʦ߯ʹ죬ʤǼҳ㷹ûʲôˣ
ĽͷǺã
ɣʦ֣һĨȻǴ󣬳ȫʣǰ
վţԨsţһɸַ緶
ƽתȦ³˳ʱȦȻν̳磬˲䵽˳ʦǰ
ʦƮƮһ̣ȻƽƽֻܱУ󻯴Ϊ硣
ʦһĨƽ󣬵ƽűС
һһ׼ȷĴƽƽʽپٶٿ죬ȴǱƱУйѱԡ
ĽҡҡͷһУţⳣʦֺܽˣӦ
ƽǺ죬·һ첼Ȼһҧ˴ĽƲֹҪܾˡ
մ˷չȥûܴгʦ֣ѱ̴

ʦҡҡͷѹһһ죬ƽĽɣ˳ȥ
ӽһ죬ƽĳڿб£嵽ƽѡ
ƽɫͷ̧ͷǿЦʦֽ
ʦֿģҡͷȴЦʦĽɴƷ硣
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ʦֵƷЩһҲ򲻹ġ
֮У͵Ʒ
ƽ˶촽û˵
ʦֵһƷǼģ꣬ԳΪƷˣ
ʦҲƷôƽʡ
ʦֵͷʦЦʦֿƷ
úţʦְڰ֡
ʦЦеĵ˵ʦ֣ͱ߲ýƷͽƷɣ
ʦݵú˵ʦֵһۡ
Ľ֣λʦӦ书ǿܽƷΪƫƫѧ
ʦ֣βܽƷĽʡ
ʦֵܼ򵥣еƷƷˣ
Ľͷ
ףͬȼķܽһƷǺСĵӸʾɲô״ܵġ
ʦܣдд裡ʦֵ
ƽæǣʦֵĵҲúܣ
ĽЦҲãǾ׳ˣ
γ˫ֱˮѰĳЩˣʦһ֣ñ
ʦƮһʧһγ֣һ˸ҲһѵõС
ʹ˫ɲŮӡʦִĽıˮ

ĽЦŽӹ˻ӣЦʦ֣롪
ãаɣʦְ֣ǰ
ĽҲˮһƥݣֳһͬʱնʦ֡
ʦֻӽһĽؿڣٶ졣
Ľҵ򳤽ˮȻͷ
ʦĽĽӵն⣬仯鶯˵ת۹ʮС
˺Ȳʲѡ
Ľûȴ˫ʽޱȣ䲻߶ǲС
˫һһᣬһһһ·˼ʱչֳ·˺ܾһ㣬Ϊס
ת۹ֹ˶ʮУĽֳɡ
ˣʵְв⣬ȴ̫ͷעĿ
ʹˣƽɫҲÿţԼеЦͷһûģʵǶˣ
ʦܣʲôʦֹ齣ʣ̾ʵ
Ľ
ǺõΪƷʦֵ
ĽЦ
ʦֵϧҲһЩ䲻ʤңⲻ󡣡
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˵ŵĽһۣ
ĽСӣЦû뵽ᡣ
ᣬ书ȴһȺ˼һҲֲһСָͷţʦֵ
ƽŬƽϢŭʵǲǣ
ʦüֲ顣


493 
ƽƲæ˵òɣԺ档
Ȼһ㡣ʦֵһۡ
ƽһŭ׹һ¡
Ҳף£ܲͷﲻ̳ݲԼҰ˵书Լ
ĿתĽ¶һ˿Цʦ֣дһ°ɣ
ĽҡͷЦʦܣҿɲ֡
ʦ㵶֪ңƽֱĶв֮⡣
ߣЩУԼֻʦˣ
Ľ°ЦƽЩʢ޷ơ
㣬ֵ֪ҪȥҪ˵򵥣ʵʼѣ
ƽɱһֱĵף⣬ǺСĪ⣬ý
˰ɡĽҡͷ
ʦֵʦܣ򲻹ʦܣȡˣ
Ҵ򲻹ʦ֣ƽθߡ
ϻʦûĵһۣһƭ㲻ɣ
ʦûƽŵҡͷ
ʦֺߵʦûȴһ
ƽҡͷҲţȹ֪
ĽЦʦܣ˰ɣׯڰʽʵڲֵһᣬҲֵ۸ߵ͡
ʦЦеĵʦܣ⻰ɲԣҪһƷѧƷôһƷӣֻµӣƷֻܲŶԷȥ
ƽ۹һɨĽ
ĽҡͷЦʦ֣˵Ҵ򲻹ʦܣԶɲ˶Ʒ
ʦֵͷ
ĽЦԶѧ˸ѧ
ôѧˣʦֵ
һƷѧƷѧĽʡ
ȻʦֵͷЦ㲻ףǵƷѧƷͬģΪһ壬ʹһƷӣ˵ѧƷѧѧƷѧҲɣ
ԭĽȻʦ˵ͬ

ʦ֣ɣƽԾһ⣬ȵ
ʦֱЦʦܣƣΪһ֣ܲ
ĽЦҲ˺
ƽǸ䲻ˣĽһӮ³𣬽ɱ˻ɡ
ʦЦѾ˶ӹţôôɣ
Ľεͷƽǰʦܣǵ㵽ΪֹĪ˺
ãƽͷУ
һν̣Ѹ硣
Ľγˮǰ뵶ײ˳һȥ
һƽһŴ̳Ľְεһӣնڽ
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Ľ΢Цʦܣ롪
ƽսɫʦֹȻˣ
һ̳Ľӵն£һ䣬ৣ̳γһƬ⡣
ĽֱˮֳһһգһһʩչȻͬĵγһ壬һһƥ
öͣĽܲ͸磬ƽĽο죬Խ׳һ
ʦʦ֣λʦ˲ѽһĶã
ţʦֵͷ
вʹ˫ģŮӵԧ쵶ֻͬǰһˣǿ
Ľ㣬ʩչͬʽȴ
һĶõˣ赽ˣν
ʦָпһѽ
һǳˣʦ˷ܵ
ţ˲źúܿƷӡʦֵ

ƽ죬һһ˴ĽȴĻӶ˫¹Ļס⡣
ת۹ȥĽЦʦܣƽְɣκβңҲκβ㡣
Խ죬ʵս洦˶ֵֵԼް¡
ƽҧ˵ԽñˣǱԣҪĽɣʵʲ
ʦֿʦܱ׾ˣ
ĽӦһҵȻӿ죬󵶷һһȴǿ
һĵĽıˮ֪ƽϡ
ʦܣãĽյʣȭ΢Ц
кɭɭǣƽǺţĽҪȥһ㡣
쵽Ľ۵׵һĨЦŭ񣬺޲һĽ̸
ĽЦʤ˱ҳ£ʦܲؿ̫ء
ƽһѹŭǿЦЦǣʦֹȻǿ
˶еķ޺ޣЩɨˡ
ʦİƣҲλʦܵıˣٵʱ䣬æȥɣ
ɢԿʼ
ƽָ룬˳ʦָǰʦ֣Ǻʱܿʼ
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ʦֵˣôѧϰ书
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ǡƽεĵͷ
Ľʦ֣ûʲôذɣ
ֻҪŮ˵ԺӾͳɡʦЦ

峿ʱ֣Ľ䳡ȱˮʤһҲñˮùϸ𵽲׺ɽ
ʦܣһȻͣתȴСᡣ
Сᴩ䳡ϳ֡
ĽյʣָָԼǲкԼƽ߲Զݺݵ
ٺ٣ʦܣʦţȥʦֺ¶ŹֵЦݡ
Ľʦֽʦ㣿
ǺűֻȺ󣬲ʹСʦֵڰ֣ȥ
ĽЦСǰʦ㡣
ļӣСʡ
ĽָָСߣȥ
ĽҲ˵ݣһȻЦСٽŰһۡ
˹ЦС˺죬Ťͷǡ
ӣСӻͳһƿƴСԲΣԲ󣬵ݹţԪһʮ
ĽֽӹЦлʦ㡣
ģʦʦġС󣬵Щֵ꣡
ĽЦЦѴƿ𣬵ʦҪߣ
Сأǲߡ
ҪذƳǣĽʡ
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Ľʦû£Ҹʦܹɡ
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ĽʦܴС̳ЩƢԹһӻõġ
ߣҿֻԣѽСҡҡͷ
ĽðɣͲʦˡ
С¶ЦݣҸʦʦ˵һһȥˮ棡
ĽЦٺòҲ뿴ˮǣ

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Ʒ£һ㣬ļ۸̫ߣƷ¸ҲǽĶ
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ƷںϽˮ鿣ɽϽݣŮŮ֮ʧˣȫޣ֮𣬾ҵķҲǽĶ
СܣȡЦЩʦƯɣ
ĽЦŵͷоУЩŮӸò毺ãûһŮ׺ɲ࣬ĪС
СЦŮӸϸ񣬳ò̫ǵһ
Ľ⡭
СߵģҲѽϱûйƽԣǲǣ
ĽЦŵͷ
˰ɣСһľƹԶ֣ЦžĳԣһǮ
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һŰŮЦʦãʲôʱģ
ջʦ㣬˭ƳСЦʡ
ĶʦƳпڸŮһĽʦܣ
ѽڰƳģҪϵģСЦ
ŮЦܸ˵ġ
ȻСüЦ
ĽˣСҲŮĽͷʦܣҪӰѾһҪϵ
ĽЦʦ㣬˵ǳ书߾жߣ
书󺣣˭Ҳ֪ߣС
Ľͷҡҡͷ
С书ѳ书룬ָǴ򲻹ġ
˵һλϹ˼ųµһ֣˭˭ͣĽʡ
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Ŷݼ֮ɲʲô˶ѧġ
һȻ·ԼԶڶߡ
Сһվ


494 ҧ
ĽʣҪȥӭӣ
Сӭϲֵġ
ŵԣܿҪȥġ
԰Ů˵һϲˣҪȥŮϴӦܿĲһɫζȫĽһͨƣɨøɾ
СǣЦ㻹ܳأ
ĽûԹζʦЦ
СЦ⵹Ҳǣգ
˶¥ƽһ¥Է̧ͷˣ۹ֵͷװû
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ĽЦʦ֣⻰
ʦĴָʦǰˣܵʦۣʦͷһݣ
Ľҡͷʦ
¹᲻ᣬʦɴЩ˵ģʦЦͣ״䡣
ĽЦ
ʦЦðɺðɣ˵ʦ֪ǿûùӳԣ
˵ˡĽ
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Ȼ鴫Ůо֮Զһˡ

ʦܣʦܣСתͷȥ
СʦҲҪǡ
Ľʰ飬Ц߹ȥԸԼǰͨױ֡
ƽС˴ԺɽСɽµջš
СһֻС˸ȥСǿɻỮ
˶ҡͷСṦɣպûȥҽǻ
½˵˻Ҫ죬ƽĽһѧᣬĽԸԻ
Сָ£СһСͤǰСͤͤСͤһȣһֱ쵽ˮ鿡˪ľӴ
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СЦһ£ִ󱳣һ͵һƮС䵽ͤС
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Ľƽں棬ƽĿһĽ΢Ʋ¶顣
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ĽͷһηĹŹ֣׺һɳӳúˮӨγյɫ
һɼнк𣬴ССһЩ㣬źˮζС
̤Ͽİʯ̨ף˽Ů˪ֱӳˡ
ĽĿһһˮͷ£
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СᱧȭĵһָĽƽƽ
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˪ɨɨˣףӢܣվŴ䡣
лĽȭ
Ůףתͷϸ˵˵ɽʲôΡ
ǣǳһֱǺС޾ϸ
ƽüѣ֪ǳ˫ľֲĵ˾ԭǵ˫ĵס

ɨһĽɣҲŮˡ
˪գһĽȴû˵
񵭣ʳĽоվڸǰȴվƶ˸һУ²ӫģһнǸơ
˼⣬һһشףţȥɡ
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Ľ⣬ƽѾʦ㣬Ϊʲô緹
ǹأضʡ
ǡƽԸĻش
ֵ׳֮ˣһٲԶûš
ŮƮ˻ȣ䵽棬żһ㣬ѵˮٴη䵽һСͤУȻ̤Ϻ棬䵽һˮ鿣䣬յջϣ˰ڰ֣Ʈɽ
ĽƽֻεСĽջʻȥ
һվͷһվβ
ƽŤͷЦʦ֣簡
ĽŴЦЦʦܴ˻
׷˫ʶɽĹƣףСƽЦ۾
ĽЦϹèӰˡ
ҿǰϻƽߵ
ĽͷһЦҡͷ
ƽߵʦ֣ǲǾҺ۸
ĽЦʦ⻰ˣ۸㣿
ʦ֣̳̳ʹһ书ᣬҲָʹЧװɣƽ
ĽͷǣЦøƣ˾η
ƽЦʦʺãһ书ɶϼ̳ĸмʤ㣿
Ľɫ΢䣬üƽ

ǳ൐вˡ
ƽĿм붪ʵһ
ĽЦЦҲСЦøΣ
ѽһӰգƽЦ
ǺСãϾ̫С̫һ˵羫ʴ̼Ҫúôһ
Ľʦܣʹ㣬ɵƷҪʦֶѵҲӣ
Ͳùˣƽߵ
ĽҡͷЦɱңǺС׷
һգ˭֪ЦɱģƽмЦ
ĽҡͷЦЦɱڣȴһ˿¶Խտȫɱ
ĽҡջţƽһԾջϻͷһۣ⣬ת뿪
ʦܾͲȥ˵ĽȻ
ƽŲһ٣תͷ׹˸
ĽЦв˵ˣ֪᲻ᱻǺС
ƽɫ΢䣬漴Ц㣬Ųţ
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Сһζˡ
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500 ̨
է¶ʱĽӹվˬȣ޲쳤ХһȭƸ
ÿδӹվгǿǿҵƻ
ݣ䳡Ͽյ˻˯УĿ˵
Ų˴Ժʯɽ϶ȥ˫ȽɣɽʱʯͷѾŰѩ˪
ڳ΢ϥӨ˫ֽһӡһһû
Ľһʯͷϣϥӡʼ
سһʱʱ䣬ǽ֮Ǿ
ܿ붨غһ΢ӹëףҶǶƮζЩһһԺ
˯ò֪磬Ǹ߶ȵﵽ֪΢ĸ硣
ﵽ㾳磬ڶԼ£רעһ˺һľ㡣
˺һң֮רעﵽĽ㾳磬Ҫ޶꣬пܣйذأΣ
ţѵĲǿھĸӣ˺һƽ˶ԣﵽ˺һ֮书ѵöࡣ
Ǵ֮ˣû̥֮ԣ͸ˮɣͰ㾳硣
ﵽ㾳ģǵɮ޼
ԣţΪ˺һΪղ񹦣֮ת֮һ
һһɣһһУʱţ̫תӱųһ˿⣬ȫԾٵգĸоУһ˲ѡ
Ȼ˪ӣӦҲۣ˫۵ƹһ

š˪ףܿ죬Ҫ̫죬̫𡣡
Ľͷ˵ʦΣյúܡ
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501 
ˮй䣬ͣͣСÿһ̯ӣ޲ðеĶȥ
ĽһһϹһǰ
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ˮʱͷǸȻһۣС˸߲ң֪ĽˣţЦпţ͸Ϸʡ
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ҲǱŹһԵͷû뵽һԳɹ
Сˮһۣ̲סЦĽ̫֣΢Żӵ黹֣ͦأЦ
ȴЦֻ޵׶㣬۽Ũʦ纣߽ʯΡȻ
Ľ֣λʦͬС磬ˮˮˮ֮
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йƮˣҡͷЦ
ĽһѽŰγ˶ȥЦٴȥһᱻȥ
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Ľʡġ
ȲĻݣóԪһţĿ붨ʼ


502 ʤ
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ĺ羵ֻǹЩתɣʮ־һһɣһһ
ŴɣһƻƢ࣬Ƣ΢΢ȡ
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ùһ˲۾ʱڻ谵͸ļӶ˵ƣҹɫڡ
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齣ӣ䳡ԺţСµջţСһ䶫ˮǰ
ˮǰҲһСͤСͤʱͤĸŮӣͤǶϱյյͤ硣
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СϾ̨ˡ
ֶѣ̫档
Ľʦ㣬ʦĻ̨̫棬ҾΪˣܻܲν
̫û־СƲĽЦЦ

ڳϦһ죬̨λһɽķ嶥һ޴ʯͷԲΣһףֱʮףǡγȻ̨
ɽǴɽ壬ϺԶĽ÷ɽܹ
ɽ࣬һأɽ干жʮĽֻ˵û׼
޴ʯͷλɽ˿վ±߹ơ
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Ž⣬վţ۾һһĽʣʢΪβ
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Ľͷһۺʦ˵Ƕɣϼʢ꣬ȴǸĺģ顣
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ʢһ֣һͷգϻ˵Сǣʼ԰ɣϹأǻƼԣٵؼ켶˭һ
˲˴˿
Ľʢϣɣ

ԾȵŮЦЦһԾ䵽̨ϣʢǰȭһ񣺡ʢϣש񣡡
񣬸սСһɼΣʢĵͷֵǺãվ룬˭սɣ
Ľ˺һתӭˣЦбȭλʦʦˣСܳ书΢λʦʦľѧ۽磡
Сţʦⲻ
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СתͷɻĿˣ룬ͷ
ȻĽ˵淴ӦƽûսĽ½ĵӣǶ֣ʤ֮䣬˶ˣʵڵòʧҲ۸һˡ
һûжʢϱ¶һ˿Цݣţãǵһˣڶ
ڶû˶֣ʢϺܿãڶû˴Ǿ͵ûˣ񽫻ý𣬽̨
С˫۷Ź⣬ץĸ첲˦øʦܣѽ
ҡͷȱ˵̫磬һӦˡ
СܲһɣУܴӮ
²⣬ʹȥҲ̫ƷģϾˣƷöֵġ
ȥΨЩƷĿ֣ܳƾʦܵĵƷӦûʲô⡣
ʢ˫һɨ棬սģûоʤˣ
һཿȣһӰ䵽ĽǰȴһŮüĿ㡣
Ľȭûʦ㷼
㻪Ůȭ䳤ʦܵĵ
Ľγ˫ʦ㣬롪
ȳаɣ㻪֡
Ǿ͵ˣĽҲ̤ǰһҵն¡

⽣Ӱһ壬Ľ˫Ӷͬޱȣ㻪ĳ൱
Сʦƻأһ֣
ŮЦʦõҲȴֻһ룬һҲӲ
Ψ˫һһһһһԳ
Ȼһ죬һڿзߴȻ䣬ꡱһ̽ʯͷС
Ľ˫ʣȭʦ㣬ã
㻪γУĴĽʦܣҿˣ
ҵĽǫѷǳ
Լ书СʵţνԻ
ʢǰͷһ٣ãʤͽ𣬽
ĽȭлתʯͷصСߡ
Сǰݺһ򣺡ʦܣѽ
ĽװʹӣǺЦҽң
ʦܣ㵽ɣЦ
ĽҡͷҲû뵽ֻһֱܰĦ
СʦܣߵͷӮˡ
ĽЦ˵ء


503 
СƲƲ죺һûϴεˣ
ĽЦļã
СƶԵɡ
ʦܵЩϲٺ١СбԶһ۵㻪
㻪΢Цվһ˵УŮΧ˵ǵͷ
Ȼ̧ͷƳһۣĽĿײ
Ľ΢Цͷ㻪Цһ¡
СῴˣߵǲҲ
ĽŲæЦЦϾʦ㣬񣿡
СƲƲ죺ߣϲ治֪ƵģȤ
ĽЦʦ㣬Ů뷨ͬϲľģңһ˿ϡ
ţľСȻŤͷϣ
һֱеӲٴɫǽĽ׽ͷһӣнŵģҲ
ĽܲײˣÿϲĶһͬһˣ˾˾ó󣬻ҪԵԵݡ
Сһۣò㰲ο
ĽӺǺЦһŤͷ̨ϡ
ʱ̨Ծһˣȴʦ
һ̨̤㱧ȭǺЦλʦʦܣʦʦãλ̧֣ɬѽ
Ц˸еʦ֣Ҳɬ˽Ǽһɣ
ʦҡͷѣɲɣֵܷģ
һɫӰҡֱϣɸߣ£ͣʦǰʦܣǱȻ£
ʦʱɫࣺʦ֣㻹Ұɣ
ɰԹȥɣӸֶЦеĵ
ʦһЩ񣬼󣬸վƮƮһȡ
СЦʦ־ͻװ

ʦͷε̾ҲǸҲǸǾƴһѣʦС
֪СӲģɣʦָУݡ
Уʦε
ʦȴͽԣ⵽ǰȻһȭһʦһ
ɫ粽ٴһεۡ
ʦͽֲǰֵһȭǡеߴߴ磬һʦٴκˡ
ٴλӵ쵶ٲ
ʦ־壬һȭ
쵶ȥʦ˺ɫס
Сӣʲôǿ°ɣʦһ۾ûĺߵ
ʦ˶̾˿ʣȭлʦָ̣Ұˣ
ʦְڰ֣СӸϽɣƷҹУ
ʦٺЦЦʦҪСĵ㣬һҪģ
ʦЦ˲󣬿СϽɣ
Ҳʦһ̨ӡ
Сҡͷʦܣÿ궼ޣˣ
ĽЦЦҲͽ˸ˣͲˡ
֪ͺáСæͷ
ЦʦܵĽ˵ҲпΪ
šˮҲͷͶһƳ
ĽǺЦҾƴ
СƲ죺Ǵ˭ƴѽ
ʦܵʸߣϣġ
˵ŻһԾ̨ʦִ˽ȭŹʦȭƣƷȭأХ
Ľſܿ쿴ʦռţԾƶɣǴ׾ÿһȭڹؼ֮
鵸Ҫо׼λʦֵѧס
ʮй󣬺ڽڰˣ䣬ҡͷѣƲȥ⻢ȭ
ʦ΢ЦʤΪʤң

ԾȥһŮò毺ã㲻ϾˣҲͿ
̨Ҳ˵γУǹ㣬סʦ֣ǻȴޱȡ
ʦɫ֣أæŮĽÿȭͷһѾ
ǿȭȭͷϽ⣬ɱ
˺ȻкãȲ
Ľҡͷû뵽Ů˾Ľ⣬Լϣʵûаա
ʦֺȻһȭΪƣ˫ּģѵˮݣŮߡ
ŮŲԾƶ⺮ǵ㣬׷ʦ֣볤ཻԷ
Ӱ뽣ӰΪһ壬һƬģӰֻףȴ
ת۹˹˰Уѷѽ⣬Ľ˫۾ֻ۽󿪣˾ʽ̾Ϊֹ
ǿ󣬰ԼгһˣԷУȥǶ֣ǺСȻǲԻ
ֹ˶ʮУȻһƺߣʦغȦ⣬ҡͷЦʦãҰˣ
ʦ֣ãŮȭ
ʦֿЦҡҡͷƮ̨䵽ȺУǷ׷׺ȲʣŮĿһɨˡ
ʢһͷգս
ܿһ꣬ɣü͸ű֮ɫı˱ȭʦãǱȻһ¡
ʦ΢üëͷãʦָ̣
СƲƲ죺ʦҲǣ۸ʦ
书ĽŤͷʡ
ʦֿǾƷӣ˵Сߵ
ĽͷȻƷӿνǶĸˣǺСĵӷΪƷϱǳϡ
ȫޣָ֣һʵ֮ͬУẦ¡
ǲѽĽҡͷ̾Ϣ
С˾ƷҪǻ࣬豹棬ɾ㻰
ѽĽȻ򣬵ͷ

аɣʦ˵
ʦúԥĳɾ䣬⻯Ϊһ㺮â˲䵽ʦؿڣףûʱ谭
ʦҡͷЦһ£֣ʳָָһУס˷źâĽ⡣
һͣסָ䣬ʦ󳶣˿Ǻ죬޺޵ʦ֣Ұˣ
ǺðɡʦɿָʦûʣһۣŤͷԾֱ䵽ȺУǷ׷װο
Ǵǲʦо۸ԴСʦֹ޵΢Ц档
ʢϾĿһУսʱޣսĿĥĥ䣡
˵꣬ûжû
ʢϺʦһۣߵûսֱӹأ̨
ûʢֱһ֣Сԣȥɣ
ʦӦһЦűȭƮȻ̨
˭ʢϳʡ
է䣬һԾ̨ĽϵãԺһλʦ֣⣬ĵغʵ
̨֮󣬺ܿ챻ȥĽƷûһҴ棬񳬹ƷĸֶĬ
̨ϺܿƷϸֵĽ书Ľ̾ǳ
һȥôೡĴ򶷣书һ㣬һ㡣
޲лʵһû뵽ôлᡣ
Ƽ̨ܿ꣬һʮ˽ޣĽ֮һ˶ףؽֹڴˣһҲӮˡ
ʮ˳ǩĽ˶ʮţźŶޣźȴһŮζȣò㣬䲻㶥ƯҲˡ

ĽĿһŮͼ֡顣
ƷӣʹĽޱȣϬʤĽʱû䣬綾ˡ
ʦܣСῴĶ֣ҡͷʦĽ̫֣ʤģذɣ
ĽЦŵͷ
Ľ죬Ըķֻһǣıߣ
һŶʮߺţŶʮ˺ţպһһ̨ԣĽڵھźţҪһ
űڴԼ˼Ӧ֮
ƺʦĽֻԿȡʤҪ죬Ҫ棬ס񣬲лᷴ
ɲףǿ˵书ȣȴ棬ĻҲ
Ժģ⶯Σݱ䵶֮
һĶãʱȴ˼ݵϣŴ˫ãȻһ
Сᷢ״ûдţ˳ˮĸ첲Ů΢Ц
ָǰڶأš
ʲôѽ򲻹ʦģСƲƲ졣
ˮһĽʦʼߣ˵ʤ˺ʦ㣬ǲǣʦ㣿
ҡҡͷʦĽѶԸһˣܽҵʤϺʦ㣬á
Ҿʦܳɡˮ΢Ц
͡ߺȻһЦŮŤͷȥȴһ꣬Բۣҡͷѡ
Сۣʦ֣Цʲô
ҡͷЦʦʤٺ١˵Ц


504 ޷
Сۺߵ˭˵Ц˵ʦʤʤ
ǴİɣٺЦ
ãʲôģСԥ
һԪô
СͷãһԪ
꿴һ۷ĽĺٺЦСûϽ˼һȥˡ
С޺޶ţߵۿ˵ͣ
ҡͷѽ
ôСʦܣҿɲӦСߵ
ΪȻʦȻõļƫƫϵ
ƫаСߵ
˵Ż洫ʢϵĺȣźŶԶʮţ
СæһĽӣʦܣ
Ľһָתͷʦ㡭
С죬ݺݵʦܣֻʤܣȻٲ
ĽЦͷʦ᲻ԼôӮȻʦʧ
һԾ˸̨ʢϱȭȻת˱ȭ΢ЦźƮ̨ϣӯӯ˽ǰ
ɨӡ
ʦ㣬ָ̣Ľȭ
鵭аɣ
Ľ˫γǰȵǾԽˣ
է䣬ҵΪһϯƻȴֺ׼һüͷֻ˺һ
һȻɣûΨӲӣϲӲӲ
Ľģǰһֻ󵶣һ֮ƣͣ٣ҪѹסĽƣ˺鲻ϲӲϰߡ
һһһһ޼䣬鲻ͣˣת۹ʮʮǵ۷׷ס
ĽĵϾ̫ǳȴܱ˺飬ǳԾ֮ҲĽķӣ°̾
漴ҡͷӲʤģô׶ԸҲƷˣʦȷʵ뵽ЩѾѵá

һŵʦܱƳӮҲ޹⣬һһĽۡ
ͷէĽӦв͵󵶣γһƬĻҵٴն£һһء
ཻ
Ļһ£ҵһ
ɫ΢䣬Ծû뵽էŵʦܣ֡
һͣǡóѾֻ֮ܳˣܿ棬ٴι
ĽһأһӴ֮
齣Ӳ˼ķ̳Ľ⻤壬ǣ޷ꡣ
Ľ뵶ײһײ֮ʱĽһƵˡ
˷ʮйǺ죬˫˸⣬¸ŭôȥᱻЦ
ҧҧ޺޵ĽһۣȻ죬·
СᾪУãǷɶ˻ʽ
ŮɫأųС
УʦСἱ
ҡͷİգʢأʦܵģ
ˮ죬ü˵ɶ˻̫죬ʢ
ʢֹģصǡҡͷüëҲţųϡ
Ľһ״Ȼëһһɺβż׵ͨ˫أϵ
ͷһ壬˫ӣȻһ䣬ǰһһرȫأ˫ͬʱǰһһһһᣬһһγ㵶⡣
ջУһ貵ĽöĿǲɵ۾ñ⻪ˡ

˵Ĺ⻪һŽܡ
ĽӵˣϴһһӿŵþҪըһ㣬׳ܡ
ЩײֱӱĽƻľ֮£ÿһһӡ
ӿˣǲ׺񹦣ķӦܳܡ
Ľм˵˱أ˾ͻȥˡ
Ľ·ܿ棬ؼʱֹס۽βãοͱң˫ΡȻ
ʮȥ˫ףڰȥĵ
Խ԰ףûѪɫ˫ͬδм㲡
ظͷ乣Ľ
Ľγ˫ţȭʦ㣬Ҫô
Ҳڴڴһ籩ŭϮ˫飬ۡ
ܳŵסˢһ㡣
ɣһֱ𽣣ƽƽ׼Ľ
Ľһܹε룬ʣȭСսˣʦ㣬һˣ
˵գȭֳʢϱȭһԾ䵽Сߡ
ӭСеĿ⣬˼ĵʦ㣬ˣ
СƳһվŵĺ飬һۣߣˣСӣû㵹Ǹϧģ
ĽӿЦ˫ֻأ
̯˫ƣ¡
žС̧־һƣ˫ƴߵϧȴһԪ
ĽæãԪûʲôãʦɣ
šСɴݺݵûãǲҶһ٣ûõĶѽ
ĽЦ˭뵽ϹԪֻҲմʦĹ⣬ûи
ʦƽʱҲǸģôЩ֡

ͱ׽Ūʦҡͷ
Сߵ˭ϧ񣬿ʵӵ٣
ʦöԣһ·𡣡
С᲻ٶ˵ԺݺݵĽһۡ
ĽЦЦú棬ʦڳԴأѲϲԼˣ
ûͨͨʱϲֲ͸ģžûʲôȤûá
Сһۣʲô棡
ĽŷԼһֱ˼ЦЦתͷ̨ϣʣݺݺһۣһԲȥˡ
ʢϿһۣҲû˵źʮƽ֣ȫ֣ʮʮ̨
ƽ֣ȫ䣬ҲΪ˱ס
СЦʢǷ޶򣬾ƽ
Ľҡҡͷܾˣֵ̫ˣ
СŤͷһۣٷϻ
ĽӣǺЦЦ𲻽Ҿʦúã
СһҲ֪Լ֡
ͣȥභǰĻ޸ʣ֣ʹѧĽ缢ƿʵǵ
¼ӰһеʽԺ׼ȥطоȡټ֮
оЩĵ洦ԽһЩУͣľ
̫͵չأ׺ݻΪ׺ŽӰ켫дϡ
һĸ֣ԭ书书Ļøο书ҲΪԼ书ƽ⣬ڶԭѧͬʽͬʩչҲͬ
ȴóȻıԼ书
ÿһ书ǰǻ֮Ǿ־Уܹȫ˲ãԽ׳һǴ󲻾
Ľȴûֹ͵Ľ̵ֱӸıĹʦͽ˵˵ѡ

һ޽յʤһλƷӣ޷磬λӢ꣬ųǺһš
ǺСУŵУ֮ܳΪŵģν֮棬˵ľƷӡ
ƷӶɽУ뿪С洳ǴͲСûдֵ˼ޡ
Ľ޷磬̾书ÿÿʽǼ򵥵ȴƫƫܿ˵ʤ
Ķףÿһʽƣ֮У̾һҲס
޷ƫƫü֮⣬书ﵽӹ֮׾֮ƽΪ򣬾缫ߡ
ĽԶûﵽü£ƽ·;ңԶ֪ʱܴ
ȷʵţԼʵš
ǰйվͨм԰̨λʦʦǵ书߲ѣʵڲ֪ߵغˣ졣
С˺ϲ󣬺ܶӴˮ˱ڣžžϱƽʱ˼Ϣ
ĽЩ꣬뵽׺ɽʱ֪Σʦڸʲô÷ʦʦָʲô᲻Լ
ԺӣŲɽߣɢɢġ
һ᫵ɽϣ˰ɽɽ·羰ˮ羵Ա죬ⰻȻǺ÷羰
ػһȻתͷȥȴͷɽվһ꣬ԡ
ĽĿһƣǵ˵һľƷ޷硣
Ȥ¼ӾʩչṦû·᫵ʯͷľûṦ粽С


505 
ϣڴ˸ӣǰһݵķ紵ϲ䣬·𱻺ˮ͸һʪ͡
޷󣬱ȭʦ֡
޷һվţ·һ
Ľٶ˵ߣվ±ϣӭŷ紵µɽ֡
˰Σ޷תͷ
ʦܡͷȻתңԶһ
Ľе
ʦ˰ɣĽʡ
޷ȻתͷĿУ·Ҫ͸
Ľ¶Цݣʦ˱л
޷Цҡҡͷ㲻
ĽЦҲ²Σ
Ŷ޷ЦЦΪȻĵͷð°ɡ
ĽۣƬ̣ʦֵ˲ҲܼϰأĪǳ֮Ů
޷һɫ΢΢һ£˫ĽĽУֱĵס
Ľ¾ѹ΢΢ЦЦʦ֣ĪҲˣ
˭˵ģ޷ߵ
Ľҡҡͷ˵Ҵû˵ʦ㲻Űɣ
š޷翴һۣջĿ⣬ͷû֪Ȼû˵
ĽЦʦ֣˵˵ΣɩӵǺηʥʦ˷ա
죬ͰѣദļɣĽü죬޷һûİС
޷絭һЦΪ
ĽţЦõˣɵģ칬ģףǺ칬ģ
޷˫һɣߵʦܣ̫ʢɲǺ£
ĽЦʲôǶĸʹǳΣؼӦԣ
޷ҡҡͷʦʲôҲģ뺣칬
ҡͷѣ̾ϢһңԶ

Ľüû뵽Ǻ칬ˡ
ں칬ǺСĶԹλʦһʱҲ˵ģǺСĵ뺣칬ĵԩҶͷҪ¡
ɱ˶Էòʹɱˣ˻һ٣ʤµĳԹôҲⲻġ
ʦ֣ôᡭĽ˵ҡҡͷǰ֪ԷǺ칬ĵӣ֪ˣҲˣС
޷ҡͷЦ
Ľ룬Ī˼ưɣ
޷תͷüʦܣ뷨
Ľ²ǲܣʦǺСһţǳϵģǶ칬˾ɱ졣
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Ľʦ书ӲԹӢѹ˹أһ˶סʦ㣬ٺ㲻
ʦܣ㻹ǡ޷ҡͷЦΪȻô̶ʦܰѸ˵̫ˡ
Ľٶ˵еŮɵӣǷ˵ĳգеŮһжӶţֻжԷһҶĿ̩ɽô˵Ҳûõġ
˭ӣĽûȡЦԼҪҲһ˼еĿܡ
ʦܣϹ룬СҶˣ޷
Ľͷûз
ǲˣ׼ģҲֻԼĲ²⣬ǲ˶ƣҪС
ʦ֣лҼɩӰɣҰ㿴Ľ
㡪޷翴
ĽЦ书ʦ㻯ΪѤùƽνĪ⣬ۿˣģҵмֶĵãʤʦһ
С޷ЦЦҡҡͷ
Ľƫ򰵣ɩû⣬Ұ⣬취ȢΣ
޷ǺЦҡͷ˰ɡ

ĽЦһ£ҡҡͷʦǺ˰ɣ
ʲô޷ЦЦңԶ
ĽʦҲУ˼ƣǲǣ
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ʦܲض˵СҶƭҡ޷ڰ֡
ĽЦˣû˵գԸʦ³ɣճɾ
޷һһǆҿıԣܴﳤ̣ܶ
ĽЦʦֹˣ
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ĽЦλʦʦǰĸи
ʲô书޷ʡ
˵ܣ޷ĽЩУǶѣһûİС
ĽϹ
޷üϹ
Ľͷôвף
޷ҡҡͷ´Ľû뵽ʦ㾹ʣܵϹ
ʦҲ֪ϹĽʡ
޷ͷܹϧʲ
ҲǽҰˡĽЦЦ˼ĵһסɽÿϻẦ£һϰߣ˯վҲ£جΡ
޷̾ҲǸġ
˵ĽСĸ˫һɽ¿꣬棬ܳôǲס
ĽЦû뵽øΪоģרעͬ޵һЩ⣬Ϲ
޷Ҫϧҡ
ĽͷЦȻ֪ʦΰ书ǰ㾳ģ
޷Ц㵹ǵӴΨһһҵġ

ĽЦܾò˼ɡ
޷ЦЦҡҡͷ˵ʵ㾳磬Ҳףֻһҹ䣬Ȼһжòͬˣе书ʽüˣһܿơ
Ľ룬ͬҵĶȷʵ޷Ա
ЦʦĪĴ̼űİɣ
޷Ц㻹ʲô֪
ĽΪطܹʦĻԵ氡
޷Ȼϣǰѧ书ü򵥣СӴһҲȤ
ĽЦʦ־Լһ书ɡ
޷һ룬ͷ⵹Ǹ⣬Щ书ȤǾʹһȤ书⣡
ĽʦֺʱƷģ
޷˰ɡ
Ľ̾ǸһƷ֪ʱܳɾƷɾƷ죬֪ܲܳء
޷ϹͷѣһǴɣżġ
Ľͷϴһλʦô˵һ飬Ϲǽɸֻܵȵʮ֮ˡ


506 
ûбķӣĽ̾
޷ҡͷ볤ʲôȡɵķӣİ취ԹҲ˵óˡ
Ľͷ⵹ǲ١
޷ҡͷЦСӣ֪ɣܵ淨ȡɿɲӦã
ĽЦ±粻ܼð
׾ͺã޷
Ľҡҡͷʦ㣬ӢˣҲνӰʵĽ
޷ǺЦҡͷ
Ľʦ֣ȥŪƲˣʹһΣ
ã޷ͷ
Ľܿɽǡǿ緹ʱ䣬ǡõ˴޵ĽйĹģۡ
Ľţ⣬⣬ˮӣķ˱滹Ҫʢζ
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һյӣѪ⣬ֻԷ˵˳ۣУòѡ
һ߳һ˵ʱЦֲ֧̫ЦĻԷȴÿЦЦÿ졣

һȹ˾ƣĽղ񹦶ǿ󣬸ιܿѾƽˡ
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ΣǺ׷ǧڴסǴһУ˲˸顣
գ֪Ǻ칬ĵӣ˷ֿ
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صˣβ͸û˸飬û壬ûлŵ塣
ж˿͸һΪΪֱ̾Ϣһģҡͷѡ
ı飬޷ߵСӣûϲŮˣһˣ֪еζ֪ôƫƫƲסԼζ㳢𣿡
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Ľϲʲôʦֿ˵


508 ٱ
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Ľҡͷһ̳ѩ𣡡
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ξİƣЦʦȷʵʵϣʦܵòԩ
ߣ˭˵ԩֺȻЦӰһһµĺس֣źξ
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˪ȥʰ
ĽӦһ˳ĻݣָʦҪѺõǺصĳûȴԶһ㳤


509 Ѱ
ϣĽ˫˪ζУɽ·٣Χде֡
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˪Ǹƺ«ӳȥʮ仰ԳԺĦ裬Ҳ
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ĲԼԼ⣬ʵڲϲϻһԼ˼ʵʡġ
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תһСС·ԽԽխһһ˪·
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Ľ˿˪񣬲׺ɽĸһ֣ǿηɲ
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510 
Ľ֣շ£̤ɽ¶ŵҩ㡣
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ĽЦңɶ㲻ЩҼ
˪ü˿棬Ծɰˣûˣ˸ˣ⻳Լжϴ
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顭Уʯͷٴҽڡ
Сһɰð˳һƮ˹Ľæһűٶ
˪Ҫߣһ˻ƵЦ


511 
˪ȴᣬһ߳ȥ·ˣһ㣬һϣһž޴ʯͷ˳ȥǿҵӾǼٵһ
ءʯΪһʯţǡڴʱӰӭϾʯ
ߣһЦһӷӭϾʯ
һʯһڿײ顱һ죬ʯͷͬʱɻȥ䵽ڣĺһһ֣ģס˵Ĳ
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ղһ£ʯӴһ±裬ֱӰչܲһ²תˡ
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˪סһ̧ͷֿĸˣĸӵһγ
ĸ˶ŻɫĿͨʲô书ʵũҺһ㡣
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顱һ죬ӺȻɶڿһѪԵޱȡ
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˪һͷֿʯͷƺҪ߼ţʣµļʯͷ
סŰɣҡͷ̾ϢһǺСȻ鴫Ϸ
ת˵λ˵书춯أﵽĪ֮书ֿԣ

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ĪɽͷǺЦⲻܹϷֻܹ˲ã·㲻ߣƫ
˪΢΢ЦЦôƶɱң
ĪɽЦҡͷ۵Ȼ򲻹ģǿӲƴ
˪ʲôӣ˵
Īɽ΢Ц˵Ҳ޷Ҳס
˪΢΢һЦɣ
Īɽ̧ͷ˿ɫѾ̫бҪϦˣܵɫ졣
Īɽβһܲܰˡ
˪΢Ц˶
ĪɽЦ¶뵽öҲ˱ٶǲǣ
Ķʤٶ˪ü
ĪɽüЦܲʤͿһˡ
˪΢΢һЦҡҡͷȴǲţ
˵ţַһöٶ飬ѭÿһطһжܹʱ⡣
ǺǡⶾǶһңǺСıٶȴȥⶾҲţĪɽ΢Цףǵ⡣

˪Ĭҡͷ΢Цô
ĪɽһЦǲŰɣǺǣǺãǾĿԴ
˪¥ԭֲû˷ȷʵһڣ
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˪һЦǣɱŴɵĵӣɱˣȴûᣬȻ¥ȣߣҲܰڳ޽֮
Īɽҡͷ΢ЦŴôʵǿ֮ǰȻǣǺǡ
˪һɨˣҡͷʵŴɽҿɡ
Īɽ΢ЦҵĶԸ̫ˣǴ󲿷ֶָ뿪ˣʵ
˪ɫ΢䣬תͷĽĿһײ
Ľü׷ָʹ֮ˡ
˪ͷһһ²Ī˭ǴɱҺеӣ
ɲܸϽظ棬ǲܸߣǹأΥĪɽҡͷ̾ϢϧĵҪϷ֪޲ԣ޲
˪ֻǱɰɣ
ĪɽǺЦҡͷϷϲ˵ģضĻ
˪һЦô˵Цõ̳
ĪɽҡͷЦеĵغ˼ˣʻ˰ɣԸһǲǶ֣
˪Ľһۣ˶Էеɱ⡣
ǴĪɽķӦ滰ָʹ֮˹ȻЦõ̳Īɽ伫ΣĽ˪ȴ֮ˣܸоı䶯
Īɽ仯ûУֻһ£۲һ£ƽ˺ѷ쳣ȴ˿ס
Ľҡͷ̾Թңʦǣ
˪ߵû뵽ǺСǱ˵˲è

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˪һЦ
Ѿ˹˶أҪʱ˹ѹƣеĶһƽ
ֶȷʵŹ֣Ȼѹƣͣķܣͣı仯ͣǿƾ纣ȴʩ
ңǺΪʳĳˢͣǿҲͣԽԽǿ
ȥ̫ãԼȥѹƶأʴʧȥ˷
ٶȷʵʧȥЧãһת϶أΪأݶᡣ
˪룬ԷֱӷڵȻһӣ徭һ˿ʣ¡
һЩغûʳģһ岻ʲôӰ죬ֻû
ûղ񹦣һûһŮӣ磬һܴܣ˵Ķˡ
ĽԴ˴û뵽Ȼ仯ʣôһλССŮӣ֪ĸд˺ˣȢú
һ뵽ɬϲĶ˶ȥһ㣬ܺ޸ˡ
һλ߹Ĺ߸ϣûĸʸȢһˣȢ˾͸
ĽţԼ飬ǺСеǶС
Щ˼һܿ췢æж
˪ͷţжרģ㲻Ҫ
°̾컹һ
Ľɨһ΢Ц׵Īɽס
ĪɽЦҡͷѣǸǿ书ס۾û뵽ǺСĺϵϷʧţû뵽
ЦѣĻϲ
˪ɫ۲⣬ȴ޿κΡ
Ҳû뵽Īɽ涾ڲ֪ʩչԼȴûܷԵòԩ
ҡҡͷ̾˿תͷĽɻ
Ľ΢΢һЦʾģһ߳Īɽʲô
Ҳ޷ǲҲǶҩֲɽҩģ㿴ЩǣĪɽָָΧ̲ݡ

ĽȻ򣬹ֲЩ̲ݣЩëȻΪǺʲôΣжȴƫƫû
ǰűٶӦֵܹǡ
ĪɽЦеĵԭǲݶ΢ͨ˲ûӰ죬ȴӰ죬书ԽߣжԽǺǣܿᷢȻˣ
Ľηģ
ĪɽЦȻһϢϣϼǣʷ仯γһĶɫζ¥ľ֮ҩ쵱¥
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Ľüη涾
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˷ܵⷢ˫۾Ķ˪ڿһ
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ĸ͵һݣ˪˹ȥΧڵУ̽ƱץҪһٳܡ
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òףȴ˲ãµľ棬ֻ򣬺ԼҲҪĸ˵书ίʵˡ
Īɽڰ֣ĽŲӣȴûл̬֮򶨣
Ľҩ
ĪɽЦҡͷ
Ľü΢һĪɽʱɫǺ죬ҪӿѪһ㣬ίʵˣʱȥҲ죬Ҫ

ĽӲֻĵĪɽ˫۱䣬ҪɱĪɽȴŹЦӡ
Ľҩ
ĸ֣ͣתͷĽȻƮΧסĽ
У˪ΣգԸԸĽ
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˪ҡҡͷ̾ˣǽˣûʲôҩˣɱȥ
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ĽŤͷȥĪɽвû˽ߡ
ĽȻһ˦֣һĪɽź۾Ľ¶֮ɫ
˪ȻһȻĽߣ첲һ˳ȥת۹Ѿʧĸ˸ǰ
ĸҪ׷ĪɽѾڵϣǲܲܣæǰַֺϲһɵ
ɵᱡƽõķɵûʲôĪɽĺϣ
ʵû뵽һɵɱ˹书Ѿ˷豹棬Ƥĵز
ҲĽҪһ˻Īɽ룬﷭˴ɥһССķɵ֮¡
˪磬Ө׵ӽ죬޾ףĽѾ覷ˣ˼ȫϡ

һƣֱӻƢϣµǣһƲ˶
ƾղ͵อָˣû̫⣬ȴͬһƢ༸ѡ
һҵʹӿԺ־Ƣѣ֮Լǲˡ
ҡͷЦЦû뵽׳־δ꣬ôҪ뿪磬ʼһ;ǲţ
Լûʦ񣬻ûͬ÷ʦ㹬ʦ㣬ʦǳףûܳΪµһˡ
ԭҵȴҪһţȻֹʵ̫񫣬ģ
᲻øĸ᲻ô㻹ɩӣ᲻ѣ᲻ü
ԼȥĸĳʲôӣԼǲТأԴӳûмߡ
Լȥ÷ʦ㹬ʦǻΣʦ᲻ģʦֻΣ׺ɽܷǿʢ
ȻһԺһƬԼֻҪԼˣԼйվأ
ħȻ޴ڣ
˪ٶԽԽ죬ϢԽԽأĽ֪˴߶ǱطǿŶԷ
Щ̣Ѿ˲ãԼûˣԼҲûȼܴ߷Ǳ
ңԼһ߷ǱֱӻᶪֻˣԼǰƮ
ʱ򲻾ԶһһأʱظϣȴһȦһȦ·Թһ㣬תʮȦûתȥ
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ס죡˪һۣӻͳһƿ򿪵һöѩ׵ĵ裬
Ľæһƫͷðɣ
֪ƿֻһö裬ȻǾõĵҩ˾綾ٶã˴̼ǱķţҲǴΣ
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ĽȻһޱȵ˪ϣϸĸоֱӴĵס
㡭˪æŤͷǿĽҴ˵켴ֱӻΪĭ˳źȥˡ
һŭ쳣֪֪ʩչ
ĽЦҡҡͷˣİգ
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ĽֻϢ˫ׯϣһɮķ緶̾Ϣ
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´ܻʵŷŷȴܸʤһܹΪɮλԶǺСĵӿɱȣϧˣ

ĽܿվУʱϣ̫ͬʱ֣ԴԴϵ»ջ
֪˶ãΧһƬڣڱǰƣ˪Ϣ

˪𣺡ˣ
Ľף㲻Ҫ˰ɣ
ţҪ˪شһƽ䵭
ĽҲ޷ˡ
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Ľǽվ붨Ļָٶȴӿ죬Ѿʵٴˣÿһζ飡
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Ľ붨վ񱻹ţʮ㣬޲һ
˻ûãܾһ˪
Ľ̾˿û뵽ϼһϣ
Ǳɱˣ˪ߵ
ԼԶ֣ϴܵİ㣬û뵽ļһﾹɱˣίʵź
Ľҡͷ̾ʵǽңҲǳע⣬ССİ㲻ģ
˪ҡҡͷɵȴƽİƽһֱŵģǲǣ
ĽЦ֪ȷʵɵűɱﵣҪѽ
ţȻ˵˪ͷ漴ʣʱʼķɵٶȺ졣
Ľ꿪ʼķɵʼֻǺ棬תķɵܹɱˡ
ţɱ˲˰ɣ˪
Ľ룬̾û취ƵֻܼҪҪСҪֻΪһڷԣ

˪ִ󣬱ָϣ˵˿˿ģƢ
˪ջָͷȶסˣָҪһ
Ľһܼˣ
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˪һЦǺСĵ鷳ԼӦɣ
Ľһ˼¶Цݣ࣡
˪Ƴһۣѵ򡣡


512 
Ľ̾أȷʵһ󻼣ʹȥҲ뷨ˣϲǡ
Ȼһüͷ˪ʣôˣ
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භȫ濪սǾֲ˽ˣƹģ
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ˮҲе
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ҪԳˣȻƲᡣ
Ľʦ㣬ûʲôģĪɽǶƣеС鷳кġ
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֪ԭ򣬺ƢĴԲǿһ㣬ס
νȻͬһƢУûһ˿ɢݣίʵûй֮¡
һ˿˿Ƣ࣬ԭҵʹһЩһɸģʹԽԽˡ
֮䲻֪˶ãʱǰѾǰˣɣһ˿˿ͣƢࡣ
ĬһƢഫů֮Уһˮţ˵ԭľʹʧ
ϲƢѾû˴󰭣ԭʱƢһźţʧһɶ
ͣΧ£Ƣ꣬ǻƢΧ·Һˡ
ûԭɢݣۼٶȼ죬һҹ֮䣬ѾԼмСһŵ
Ľ˼⣬Σøأɢ
ԭ޵һƣȴһżСͬնͷһһ˿Ѹٷɳġ
ĽһһӿϣһεĴ׳ϲȷʵ


513 
ϲһֱţˣƾԼԦ书ķ
СˮƮȻһɵ㡣
ϲɫСЦʦܣȢϱ̵ģ
ĽЦأ
Сˮ׸ЦеĵεѾǷм£ܶൢ飬ûţһš
ĽЦֽʣ
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˵ڱҲǺպĴųνաС
Ľһüëνգ
Сһǹ룬⹦ɣתڣټţϧء
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Ľ˼ջĿ⣬ЦΣ
СЦûʲôϹȷʵ棡
Ľͷǰ
Ϲȷʵ棬룬Ӧһ°ѧˣˣһطˣһ޲Чǳ

Сӻȡһؼ㣬ݸεš
Ľӹ򿪣СӳȻŮֱʣԴǿУм²ܶൢ飬ֻܲ´ټҪȥɽͣ򸾶ɨԴдǵסַ
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ĽҡҡͷƷ
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ߵСӣƴССУһһСӣֳɰ˸СӣÿﶼǷĩɫ졣
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ĽͷһҹȻ˶
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ܱ֮ɵƳǣΪɣ򣬻ƷƷӿɹǲ
ŽԹˣҲûʲôˣȤ
Թ˷һģҲż˪ϥĿƺѾ붨ˡ
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ĽֹסЦǰӨڷת֬һ㡣
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񣬵ӴʶǿмԦס֮ơ
ĽʵתէԽԽģһ˫纮̶һ㣬ȥ̽
Ľֻһ˫ģӿֱ룬굽Ƣλãٶ֮죬֮һ
ȴһѼСĻںϣ·ѩͶˮܿתΪǿ˻ŵĴС
ӿԴԴɫԽԽ󣬲֪˶ãǳȭͷС
ԽԽȭͷСٱƾӿ룬ֻʹŵɫԭĵƱɻɫֱɫ
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514 
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515 
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516 
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˪ٶ죬һʮɣṦһһСϣֱһСԺ
СԺ󣬺ľ˪ֱƮȥҡ
ĽŵϣһϢȫޣȥ죬˪˫ưؿڣһϢ
Ϣ紺ůҪ˯ǿ˯뿴˪ô졣
˪ӻͳһСƿƿеһöѩ׵ĵҩԼСĴָһڴС͵Ľ
Ľţ˪򢴦һ㣬Ͷʱſ켴źȥΪһ
˪󼲵ʮָÿһָ嶼һϢ£ȣ򺮻ͬ
ʮָİĽĿڣһһϢӿ˽ֱӰסࡣ
ֻһӴֱ£Ӱٻ룬˱˵ģһ۾
˪һɫ㲣пĽ
ĽҲһתͷܣôˣ


520 ͻ
˪ҲѾˣ
ĽҡͷЦ
ղȷʵһΣ˪Լ壬磬˶˪ܸм
оΣ˪ͷ۾һ˫Ӻڰ׷䣬·һˮ峺ȴס
ĽЦŵͷã
˪üѽ򲻹͸Ͻܣαسǿ
ĽЦҵܣһ̫ܵʱѾˣֻӲƴƴһһ
˪ҡҡͷΪǸϳɳصģ
ĽЦһŵӰˣǹϲҰգ
Ŷ˪üһһĿ⵴һģЦ⵹ǿϲɺأ
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˪֮䣬ܼ˵Ǳ⣬ֻܷ
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˪㾫ǿᣬܵˡ
Ľ̾˿ҡҡͷ˵ˡ
˪ʧѪָ࣬һˣȥúҪŶˡ
ĽӦˣ۾оˣһֻأĵüأֲ֧סˡ
ۣ˯ȥ˪۲˼¡
ƽ˿û¶ϲ֮ɫʲôˣôأתĪϲĸо߳
ȴƽǿ͵ľټѷԼ⻻Լû㶨Щ

ĽʱѾҹĽȻæ˪ˣ
е¹⣬İȴסĽĿ⣬˪ɼ
ȥЪŰɡĽ
˪ҲҪһ˰ɣ
ĽͷѾûдˣ˯˶ã
һҹ˪
Ľ˸Цֲôˬ
Ҫ´˪һ˿ڸս̣˴󶯡
ĽЦСʲôǻǿЩȥɡ
˪
ĽһЦҪԶ֣
˪һЦѾǡ
Ľɴ۾Цʣ㾹ɱǣ
˪ͷš
һЩ𣿡Ľ
˪ѾʧȥǣɱǺ
ĽȻ򣬵ͷһɱǺȡʱɱǣΪǿ
˪һۣ˵һ͸ضѿܸ࣬Լ˼·Ϭ
û©֮ɣĽʡ
˪ҡͷӦûУǻڱ𴦶ţǾû취ˡ
Ľ¥Сǲ٣
˪ͷǵ̲ǳϧߵ·Ӳԣ˷չ
ĽҡͷЦ·Ѿˣ뷢չֻ·ӣֻܹãǣ
ţǵҲǡ˪û
ִ۾ᣬһС뷢չ֮ѣǳ־֣Ⱥۣ˿ɵչɣûĴɻ谭žչ
˵˼лĽҪ뿪췵ǺС˵ǺˣһΣûǺˡ
˪Ӧˣҹǹ¹ʩչṦ·ĽƢһȭͷСĻš

Ľ֪Ǻ˪ҡͷЦһлָһһҪָҪɣһΪ
ϰԪʱûпݽ֮ݣ㣬ʵڲϰߡ
棬غĽʡһȴͬʡԼһá
ʩչɲһֱŬŽʡķӣٵЧá
ͬʱڷɳɣѸٽ˺һ̬֮׾ٵĽȥһãһǴ߶ɲһά˺һľһɣϹ
㣬еЧõĻûоɵö࣬άַɲ´ࡣ
õĻԭɫٴȾƣɫĽоеĻǽƢУʣµɫϢ
Ƣʧ˻³˷һ㣬ЩɫϢ߶ķȴǿ
֪оϹƼ򵥣ֻס֮ĲᣬҪŪײס
˲ۣ˪ƳһĽĽɣֻ״̬Щֻ֣Ǵĸо
ֿ˿ĽɺõľϹķţһݡ
ϹɲСǿᣬɵҲǿвͿ߻ħغ
Ǻ֣˺֮ûʲôЧܵõĹ׷ˡ
ɲˣ˺һ֮£ɵõǾЩˡ
õǻһƢõʧƢࡣ
ĻһĻ𣬶ΪĻ񻯣
һ˵ϻݣۣ۾ۣףۣ£Ƣ٣ء

Ľ³çȴûֹ뿴һԼһʲôҲܾǻһˣ⣬޲ߡ
ҲмĽܣ˵ڷɳʱﵽ˺һ֮
һһεˣõʲôͨΪǿᣬˡ
СнվһֱΪ˷е·ӣߵúʵأ·׳ͨ
ôһΣƶܿأмĿܵõͨ
Ľ˺һ֮ǳҸղһεľȷʵ漫
Сˣʵʵ絶ͨ˪
ϲ˶չһЩͨò֮Ҫֵģƫƫԡ
ԱԸãʹۣ֮ҲΪһοģỳԴһ㹻ˣǣ׺ɽ
һ˼˼⣬һ˼Գ˺һ֮һ˼ڴ߶ɲ߻档
֣ԼһĶõıԽԽǿˣӶ˴˲ţĶ˼ģĻ˴˶ÿһĶ̩ɽǰɫ䣬ء
س¶һǸǰʱŻûĽͣסĺΪһתͷ˪
˪Ŀճĵף·ɣǡôˣ
ĽЦá
ҿ˪ִ̽
ʱվڳǰߴΡĳŸųеˡ
ǽԼɸߣƽǵָȴʲô뷭Ƕ򵥲
ؼʱﲻˣУطҪ

˪̽Ľţͷãû
ĽЦҲһεջ񣬾˶˺һİգ֪ġ
˺һ״̬ɣ亦㲻ס˪ҡͷ
ĽЦЦס
ղͨ˪˼ӳĺУޱȣȴֲˣͨʧЧ
˪Ϊ̾
ǷǽȥĽʡ
˪ҡͷҵطЪһЪٽǣ
Ľͷ˽һƬ֣ϥ£ĽɣʱЧѡ
ڵĵطģһ˽ôԶǰ˪ԱߣĽĵ붨ˡ
һȽͼУ붨Ȼʼɣ֮£һ˿˿ţУš
ɫǵĻɫȻƣȻǽƣ˺˰ơ
ȻһȭͷСźȻת£ֱ굽˻Ѩֱ𣬼Ӳ
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ȭͷСűɰƣῪʼתѨУǺˮһ㡣
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˪΢ЦľҲףȴͨ죬ٴͨţüޡ
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˪ͶȡɵķͱˣԪ
Ľҡͷ̾Ϣҩǻ£ҵĵǷʳ𵤳ɡ
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˪¶һ˿΢ЦĶˣ
ҵڶķɡĽ
˪ڶ׮ķҪվҪ׮վ׮֮ʱٽӻӿȪٰ
渵飬Ľĵףһ֮סڳһơ
ĽһһܿںƣĽķУȽӻӿȪʱӿȪ类֣
ųӿȪһ̶ȣһ̿ɲףúķѼ
˻ʱϵƢ࣬һ±䵭࣬ܿ³һɻ˻
һɢݵ˾УʧʱСһ֡
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ӿȪƢȷʵֲͬͬͬȻ֡
⻹鷳£һӿȪƢĵò࣬ɡ
ɣƢٵӿȪϳµƢɣܶʼֱܴﵽ
Ľ̫ʱˡ


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룬ܹͬʱɣǽʡʱ䣬ܾĻѨӿϵ
˱ǲɣһĶõĹԽǿ󣬵мϣһɣһߵ
ûż飬ǵ֮ԡ
һƢٴ֮˪ڣˣǽŸ·ȥɡ
ĽͷӦ׮ȥУߣǺС
ԽƫƫԽ࣬һɽС·ϣȻĳˣºڽݡ
߸˲߶ʮһֱԾΧסʹʹ
뽣һ壬˱ΧڵУĽʹó󵶣˪ǰЦҵĵ
˪Ūˡ
ĽһᵶָָĿ຺ӣʲôˣǺСӣ
⺺ӿߴһ˫ɢű˵ĺ⣬СֱҪܿģĽȴЦеĴжӦʮ꣬һ۷ʱѡ
ĽƺҪĿɱ͸ĽЦеĵĪҪŪˣ´
˶һۣͷٴ̤ǰһսϵĵ
Ľüǳģɱ
ɱ˰ա˪
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š˪
Ľתͷ󺺣˵˵գ˭ָʹ
ָʹЦޡһĭ
ĽЦЦǻʶӣ˵һԿɣܲܲ³٣
󺺹Цϵ

ĽҡҡͷǴŭԼѽԼŭˣԼĸɲǲġ
˪ذ׷ѿˣɱ˸ɾ
ĽЦǣ
ЦţĿȴģתͷɨһˣ˿ϣҡͷ̾Ѱ·ǿɱ̾
һ˲䵽˿󺺸ǰԱӦѾ˴󺺶ͷ
ŭһӦ˹ӵնӭĽĵ
һ죬һ˳ȥ󺺷˼ͷڵز
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ǿڵϲܶȴûȥֻھ𶯣һʱָ̲ܻ
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ĽҪٸһȴ⽣һͬ£̩ɽѹϮˡ
ĽӵһһཻĽһһ
˵ֵʱĺ֣ȴסˣĽĵһ¶Ըˣɢˡ
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оһˣ˲ܲˣأһ¼Чһݵĺӱ˳ȥ
⺺ӷɳԶغһһ⡣
˼Χκԣһ壬ͬˣĽһͬʱסͬʱһȥ
һĽһƣֻһԺ壬ƽɫκβˣҲκβסˡ

ĽƢһˣʱѨӿԴԴϵעƢ࣬ġ
Ľϲû뵽ķ֮в䣬ʱνȻͬ
һָܼãôȥǲ£ѨҲ޵ģܲ䣬ģɽա
˪ҡҡͷ㵶žľȴԶ
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˪ֶȥ֮¿๦򵶷ܻûнݾ
ĽӦһҡͷһ̫Ҫҡ
˪Ȼһӣʱ˷ڿ㵸Ц˲أէ£һ˷ִ硣
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֪Լ˴ܲһս֮룬ҡͷûлġ
ԼһʽԶ׺ŽǳǺС书ȣȴһء
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˪£ʣҲ޷ӵУָܲȻ
Ľҡͷϧʲǵݡ
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Ľһһ߹ˣºڽ˿һҲϵãתͷ˪Ҳҡҡͷ
Ľõһӣ߸ˣȻ뿪·ϣûۡ
Ľһֱ߸ˣ书ףӦò¥ˣʲôˣ֪ҪӦһֱǺСġ

һǺߣĽоУһ֮ǺСĸȻˣãҲ뿪ãΥָͬʱ𣬰
˪վںߣԶԶСķһҲߴ٣תĿź档
֮ĽعǻСɡ
ţ߰ɡ˪ͷĽһֻС˪ƮĽͣС֮һС
СȻһȺӭӣһĽһ̳ƣһţһ⣬޷硣
޷һվɽ¸ǰԣ᳤һòһ¡
ĽԶͣͣһ˫΢޷ʱתͷ
Ľ˽ǰЦʦ֣أ
£ֻʱģ޷ӹ̳ĿʹһЦʹ죡ʹ죡
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Ľҡͷ̾ʦ֣γȥȥ칬һ⣬ϧûᣬý
ǾһҲˡ޷粻İڰ֡
Ľһʲôˣ
޷˵öԣǸ棬һӣûʲô⣬סʱĥҲûʲôˡ
ĽЦʦ֣˵İɣ
޷ҡͷ֣أġ
Ľüʦ֣Ѹ鿴̫أҲ̫ˣ֮ĸ飬ȼִͣʲô飬ʱյĸʴ˼겻鲻ñ䣬ɩ˵룬ϲΪβ취ͨţʲôҲȻǲ
ĽŵĴˣܹͨף˴ᣬһ顣

һ˵Ľϲ绻һˣɷ
Ըȷʵ޷书Ըȴһϲͨʵż޲һ°Լļൽ޷
޷ţ书СʦܿСģ۶Ը⣬СʦȴСǿġ
žúе֪ƼѵãСʦܿν֣ʵĽ
Ľ˵һͨյʦ֣Ҫ취ţɩ˵һҲע⣬ĸƤϾǺ칬ˣһ𣬾˵֮¡
ţ׵ġ޷ĵͷ
Ľ룬˶ĵ⣬ϹҲһ㣬ҪչأչعҿܲܵƷ
޷ЦƷ̫ˣϲСʦܣĵɲ򵥡
ĽЦʦ֣ǱȻȻ
ð޷һվĦȭƣĽС
һû㣬ܾû˶ˣ첻֪ʲôζˣһĽ붯ָ֣
Ľ˫һվӵһ޷ӽӭϡ
һУ޷˺һѿڽеã
Ľһ£޷һס˵Ƚס˵ƣһ
Сӣмֶģ޷е
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ԭһ˿ϲΪԼŶžһӾһ֮УܳƷ
˿Լֹ̫ˣҪʵʵ
޷д֮ϱչأʼ˱չأٳʱѾĩŮˡ


522 
峿ʱ֣Ժ䳡һƬ֣δƷеȻ죬æµרע
ʱźȻһŮȣ毺ãϴŵ΢ЦСᡣ
ԺУĿһܣĽӣӯӯ˹ȥվǰ÷¡
һ֪ûˣʧҡҡͷ
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Сû
ʦҡͷûأҪҪЪһЪ
ˡСʧҡҡͷתӯӯȥ
ʦĿӰʧſڣ̾˿һ̽ͷЦĻλ֣ιʦ֣˶
ʦعһۣСӣ²
˵ʦ֣ϲʦ㣬͸Ͻ˵ѽĪ˵ȣƤЦ
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ʦûĵһۣ˵˵ֻϹĥˣ˭֪Ǽ٣ǶǴ
ٺ٣ҾԴҲ벻Щпѡ
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ģЦûأ
СͷԵشţ֪Ҫչأǲڶѽ
˼ʲô߰ɣȥ䡣ҡͷЦ

ŮСߣɽջţԾһֻССỮƵĽ˺
СĴԭһǻ˷ܣܼʦˣȴû뵽չˣûܼš
ѾˣȥԺһֱʦܵӰӣ˺Ҳ֪ʦܺʱܳء
ӱͲֳٳٲأˣȵ뿪ųǲźأ
뵽޺޵ҡС֮ವǰתʮԶ
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վڴͷɫƮ㷢ҲƮ縣ЦеĿСᣬЦ˭أ
ˮһ浾ȻЦ˭Сʦ£
ʦ㣬˭˵Сһۡ
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ٺ٣СƲƲ죬Ц
ЦûΪûУ˵ܳأʹܳûġ
ҲŲţСҡͷ
ˮǻ۹ˣ

˵ĹСҡͷмˮ鿶ȥͤԾȥҪȥ˪
˪Ȼ֣˴˺󵭵߰ɣȥɽ񡣡
һСϲСʦ
š˪ͷƮ䵽ϣںƽƮƮУת۵ջţûСֱ֡
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ĽŮЦݸʢʦ㣬ʦ㣬ʦ㣬ǻ
Сߵ㻹ϵǣ
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չؽһ꣬ѵá˪
Ľһһꣿʱû죡
ʲôزˣ˪
ãѾ˵㡣Ľ¶Цݡ
˪Ҳ¶һ˿Ц⣺
ŮϹļѣÿһ縺ضУûȡɵĻᣬѨܽ뵤Ҫʵʵ¿๦һһĻ;
һʱ٣Ǹ࣬ίʵѵá
СʦܣڵƷ
ĽҡҡͷǻƷ
ŶСЩʧ漴Цһʱ䵽ƷԼȷʵ̫ˣ¡
ȥ˵˪
Ʈ𣬸ϣŮתͷĽСʦܣҪҴ𣿡
ĽЦҡͷŮһɽƮɽ¡

ṦƮݴݣɲʮ㣬ŮͶ͵һ겻Сʦȷʵ̥ǣ
ϣ˪ȻȥɣúЪϢһӡ
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Ц㲻Ҫȥһ᣿
ĽҡҡͷڶѾЪòֻ࣬ɢɢġ
ðɡӦˣС˷ܵĵ߿ߣȥ棬ú˵˵
Ʈ£ֱֱ׹£ڿкȻһƮ䣬䵽һƬУȻ֣͵˺ߡ
ССܿƮԶ
ʦ㣬ƳǻðɣĽһ࣬ˮһࡣ
Цá
ֵû鷳Ľʡ
ҡҡͷĿŵ鷳СҲǺǵġ
ˮڰƳǷȫ
Ľ̾˿̳̣ʦ̲ס
ֹҲһιأغһˡ
Ľʱüͷ
С죬޺޵ҡСȻٳ˳ȥߵҲ֪ʲôˣ


523 Ʒ
Ľѵʲô챦֮
ѽвءС
ĽǺСУ
СͷҲأԪѽ̫ǿҲɣԸаҩ̫ǿҲʹһ˳ܲסɵҩ
Ľ̾Ҳʲô鵤ҩˡ
С鵤ҩ˭ܱȵùСѽǷ˺칬̫Ԫ߱ɵĽǽ
ĽЦþûʲô鵤ҩ
ЦôСͷ룬ҡҡͷûء
Ľ̳̾νλȨأõЩӦòѰɣ
ǿ˵׼СҡͷЩ鵤ҩǶŵأܴ˵ġ
ȻЦòɣּأ
СһͷҲּңѽּ̳ӵܣֲͬ
ּңĽʡ
Сæ㲻ּ֪ң
Ľҡҡͷ˵̫˽⣬ֻ֪
ּҿ˲ãС̾ĴɣСɣЦã칬ﳡѷ£ֻңһּңһǷҡ
ôĽȻ
ڰƳǣȻ˵ּңһգٶ˵ǽһ㣬ǵĽ治ѡ
֪࣬ȴû͸¶һԶת⣬ŪΣֻ
ǿ书ȴǿһ˵˼룬ӲƹңװɰƳǵˣҲʵ̫ࡣ
ߣֵܳΪЦõ̳̳ƾʲôСƲƲ졣
ĽЦʣΪּҵԵʣ
ҡҡͷ⻰ʧʣ̳ȷʵ书׿̳üã̳ǿʢ̳֮
ּҰС᲻мߵ
еϵ̳Ӳܷ

ˮź棬ԣһˮ˾һ
ּ̾ƴ󣬺ܶԸ̳ģ˼ּңҶ֣ʦ㣬⻰Ҳǲԡ
ţǵҲǡͷ
Ľüô˵ʦҲܶඣ
ŮĿ
ĽŴأһλʦϮ¥˴ɱûּҵӰӣҲţ
СߵǵĹ
Ҫ˵æһۣһĽʹһɫ
ĽȻЦʦ㣬İգɱ⣬Ҳ֪أ
СῩЦʦ㣬̫ССʦɱҲҪȳѽƷ֪Ҫأ˵ƽǼһ߻ħ
ĽЦʦʦܲҲѽ
ǿɺඣСüЦ
ˣεҡҡͷʦܣҺʵȴ˲Ҫǻ˱˸ô˵ͷ˵ƫƫһס
ĽЦʦ㣬߯СﵽƷûôѰգ
ѣСЦ
ĽʹﵽƷ
꣡СЦҡֶûˣĽǰһҡһߵһαչأг
СһۣŮ棬ЦеҲûãţʲôã
Сʦܣȷʵ٣ǲ࣬㶥⣬ֽȷʵˡ
°̾Ϲ棬Сʦһ꣬ԼʮޣֽؿȺˡ
άȥ֮˵ΪƷӡ
Сǲ࣬ʽأʽⶫȡɣҪʵĥģ
ĽЦλʦң¹

ŮͬˣС˺ߣһƬУһյأСŲӯܿȳһԲСӡ
ǡһƬݵأһܵѾȥƵóƽء
СĽŲӯȴرȵ˰磬ʵƽ̹һ䳡
ɣСνбָĽЦӯӯĵ
ЦȻŽ˵ˡ
Ľεʦ㣬ҪСģҵĵأ
ٷϻɣСС
Ľ̤ǰһΪһ˲䵽Сͷ˷Ӧ
С὿ЦһһŤƮһ£ܿһͬʱбá
ĽŤƽ滮һԲٶֿһ֣նгһ졣
Сһӯӯ˲ĽַΧʱʧĿꡣ
Ľǰ׷Ƹ죬һ׺Сᡣ
С὿߳һǰ⻯Ϊһ㺮âǡõ˵ַһ죬Ľĵƶʱһ¡
ãĽٴμ٣š̤һն£һ⻮¡
˵һʱ֮ѷѽ⣬ĽһֱϷ磬죬ƴƵСֻܷء
ת۹˶ʮУС὿߳һϻΪǲèأһ
һ䣬꣬޴ڣĽͣһٲҶ£بĽǰ
Ľĵ磬ƴȴƲܵĽײ֩١
һ߻ӵһ߰üû뵽ʦĽϺһճɢܣÿһΧճԽ
ʼʱӵ磬ȴӣÿһҪķѼ

ֹ˶ʮУĽʽԽԽȻʦ㣬СҲҪóˣ
Сᾫһ񣬽еɣ
Ľ۾΢΢У˺Ȼʣһ±ˣϣһӡ
ơཻһ죬ƽŹ֣ʯͷײľͷ
Ľ˺һСҲ˺һǾȡ
۾Ľߵð㱾£
Ľׯ£ٳһ
һӳɢȻ⣬Сᶶˡ۷裬ߡ
ơһ죬ĽԭδСȴ˺һĵĽơ
Ľбָʦ㣬Σ
СӣǳСʣ
Ľյ¶Цݣʦ㣬Σ
СбŸһǰۣܴù
ĽæЦȻ֪ʦҵģ
ߣҿû㣡СûĺһŤͷʦ㣬ĵȷʵйŹ֣԰ɡ
ЦŵͷãСʦѾ˶ľ衣
ĽЦһλʦֿҶһȥս¥ˣҿһأ򡣡
ŶŮʱ¶飬˫۷Ź⡣
ĽǽǰľŮ˽ýŲѣʱҡͷͷոпǧ̾Ϣһ
ĽЦûλʦټ
㻹󣡡Сĸظ
ˮҡҡͷúȥʱ
΢΢һЦҡͷˮ״˼Сæʦ㣬ô
ЦЦתͷĽСʦܣǲǺиţ
ĽٺЦЦ
ҡͷЦСһǽƻ

СĺһǺиţҪȻôѽҲǻ˿ѽ
ˮЦСʦʾֵú˼
ĽЦҡͷʦ㣬ҿɻ὾ģ
СߵܵסҵĽʦԶȱȿȱȿ
ĽЦųʦ㣬롪
Цһ£ͷҲãҾһСʦܵĶǳƷѧ
˵ŻȻһ̳˲䵽Ľǰ
ĽǰеĽ˺һ漴һ
˴ĽֱöƿȥƮƮģûʲôеȴȻͬ
û뵽СʦܶԵ̶ȣᣬƮƮһȴǿֵ֮ģղסˡ
һ߶֣һȥУȴЧÿһǿԵ˴
ⲻ񣬸һĪƣʣֱģȥ
νĵˣû뵽Сʦôʱ˵⣬һԵִľ硣
޲Сʦܻ˲أ
̾ȴ췱ǣɭɭȻ纮磬ĵ׷
ת۹ʮУĽȻһԾ˺һɣЦʦýˣ
㻹ԶţСЦ
ĽҡͷЦе⣬ʽľȴ̫࣬ͷȥһȻ泩Ϸĩ¶С¶µ°ɫ
ĽһѾһ˿»ܷȴоĽ
սЦӯӯʣСʦܣ˵⣿
Ľͷһһž
治ͷѣп;ֻҪʵʵɾͲ̫С

֪֮ľһ˵İԼˣһ龭һδ˻Ȼһ¡
ܾˣҲһεйأһУ书Ҳһ㡣
Ҳ򣬻濴أС̾
ĽЦ⣬ȴ̫λʦָ㣡
ͷţǶдд裬Ժãᾫġ
ҪˣСϲϢԽԽŨĽȴ벻ᣬһ쵽ںߵСд书
濴ȥǼȥˮ棬˭Ҳ֪Ƕ书
ĽԼߣҲãĿͬһ书ԽԽСŮ׽
ŮòͬĽιУҪȡʤԽԽѣĽõ⣬ԵӦԣרעڵľ
ĽĵͻͽŮĽҲ󣬱˴˼˴˴ٽ档
һת۵ĹʮʱȥˣĽСƽ֣˴˲õ
򲻹ˮ򲻹ŮĽоףʹϤȴʤ
ͬıʻдƯ֣дȴѿǽĽܹסӦ䣬ĽԵֲס
˻СʱСЦСʦܣ书ԵϽˮ
ĽЦܵƷ
ȻƷඣСߵ
ĽЦеĵòʦһطɡ
ѽͽԱߣСỶϲЦ
һۣ
СƲƲ죬ߵʦ㣬˵ʲôлҲŲأ
ҡҡͷСʦԼգ
Сʦܣ𲻴ӦСŤͷʡ
ĽЦŵͷٺò
Ҿ˵СʦܴӦôСĳŮЦ
ˮŤͷȥȾҡͷЦ
С·һصڣȥҺ˪˵ĽﵽƷ뽨ˮ鿡
˪Ľֹ˼УͷӦˣĽƷӡ


524 
ˮ鿽ü죬ڳϦһ峿ˣŮʱæˣĽˮǿʼɹ
еĶ򣬴󵽼ҾߣСˮıӣǼо飬ˮһȦ˰ʱˡ
磬еĶ͵˺ߣʦʦðæߴߴУֻСһѶ˵ĽˮС
ˮλڶߣλŮˮ鿵Ķߣϱվˮſڣããĺ棬һ󣬱ߴƿܼдеɽһںϡ
ϱǴ󴰻ͣǽʵľԶ鷿мǿ
ֻһ㣬һѾ㹻˺˪ˮ鿣ӵˮ鿶һ㡣
λͷЩƫƧˮСˮģԶһЩ
ˮγһԳһ塣
ĽСеĽ٣˴ԺƷǣõֻˣһ޷磬پŮ
һΪһֱͷûʱߣҲΪ֮̫ࡣ
Ůˮ鿴һ£Щ֬ϢĽεҡҡͷҲûȥı䡣
æˣѾǳϦҹеĵӶȺǵµĹ㳡ϣظ裬ַǳ
еĵӿԼȥݣ򳪸裬裬ǶǼˣѧʲô죬ȻϹ֣ȴˮ׼
纫Ĺݣˮ⾳ˣƷʦмλʦҲü
ĽŮţ꣬Ų׺ɽˣüįˮ̨һչĽΪ档
ĸչ紺ĴˮĸͶǿʮ㣬ĳӿ֡
СȴЩɬû˼̨ݡ
ĽʧЦƽʱС󷽣Ц֣ܰˮɬ֪㳡ϣСȴ¶ˡ

ĽЦֹˣž⣬޷磬޷һվҹУһһ
ĽıӰܸܵļįȻ˼˰ա
ʦܣˡȻתͷ΢΢һЦ
Ľǰһۣʦ֣ˡ
һû޷磬ʱټһ¾ܾһЩ˫ҲôʧһЩ͵öࡣ
޷һУ̳ɵϣĿ࣬ǺЦþòСʦҲˡ
ĽЦұչһ꣬Ҳˡ
޷ˬЦǺǣ˴˱˴ˣһҲûţȺ˾ƣǹԡ
áĽЦŵͷ£Աʯͷϵ۵ĴѾһңĽã̾һСģѾһꡣ
СһǶƸУ޷ǺЦ̳һһĨ̾þƣ
Ľһ̳Цһʦֿɺȹƣ
ﶼˣ޷ڰ֣̾˿㣬˲ܹ
˭ͷĽʡ
޷Ц⵹һ仰׼˵ġ
ĽҡҡͷҲ̫Ͽ˰գ
ꡪ޷æָڴǰҡͷ⻰ɲ˵ȥˣûһô˵ģ
̾˿Ц׻Թң
ĽЦһϢ
Сӣӣ˵˵޷ߴ١
ĽЦеĵѾƷܹˣ
ģ޷ɴ۾
ĽǺЦĸҿЦ
Сӣģ޷͵һȭ򣬹ЦһܽƷνǰ޹ˣߣ
ĽЦҽң
СӣչһʹﵽƷˣ޷Цʡ
ĽЦŽԼľ˵һ飬޷ͷһȷʵͻͽҲһƬģõͻ𣡡
ֵȷʵ˾׼һͻƵƷȫһεĴ̼СӻǺ

ĽЦûС
޷ЦСǸ˵ģһˣûݵʶܹ㣡
Ľͷ⵹ģԼɾͣȷʵǺࡣ
޷糤һֱֱȥҹճ̾лͰҵȥɡ
İաĽЦ
һ˵һߺȾƣȻ޷Ҫдһ޷磬Ľ֮⣬һʹ߶⡣
󣬵ʽϣԶʤǰ޷ǰС죬оͱ޷ܡ
޷ҡͷߴ·ˡ
Ľæ޷ͣﵽƷҲνǰ޹ˣҲǼˣĻܲӡ
޷ԼԦʤɣƫƫȥʽ᱾ĩ֮١
ĽüҲעʽ̫С
޷㵶ⲻʢ˶˵ȥʽ
⡭Ľ
޷ǵ⣬¹ܶǧ򻯣㾫ֻһȥ
ĽЦһҿɲöࡣ
𼱹˹ߣƫƫ볭С··ҪԿͷģ޷
Ľͷȥˡ
޷ﶪһţ⣺֪֮
֪ʦֿңĽ۾һ
޷Цеĺһھƣտڲԡ
Ľڵһ룬˫ֶϣʦ֣롪
޷ǺЦЦ´һۣҡҡͷ˵㲻棬׷ҿࡣ
ʦ֣˵գĽЦȻӣ
СӣС޷Ц

ƣֳһ⣬֣ɫ֪ŵĿʿ
ĽͷȻ֪һ֧ȷʵôһ֧޾žһĳɷ
ǻԲ֫壬ߴڲпĻУᶨ־ɸ֣ǷһУһĳɷʹĥԼֱǱ˰
ɷħЩˣһЩӣĽ䲻ͬȴܾأԳɷᶨ֮ͨ𷨵ԣЩִ̫ţ뿪򷴶ѣΪϧ
Ľüʦ֣˵ҲҪޣ
޷ͷЧ
Ľ
޷Сһǲĵطȥһӣ洦
Ľ̾˿ͷȥʺǴӦҾԿ
޷ҡͷ̾ҵĶطСһϧ
ĽǺЦлʦ֡
ֶܼðɣҵǼְ꣡޷Цеĵ
Ľһʦˣ
޷ȻָɽһָĽپ棬һմɵһ£Ҫܿ
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ĽֱĿ޷磬û뵽ʦһָ潣졣
ڶ֮ʣȻôһָǿһЩ˵ˡ
޷ֻһžԶҲǺĹͣһЩܲȥʺա
ĽڲףƷӿɲԼôԼøԼʱܳɾƷӣ
ϵرһͨˣڶͤȥ˪
˪ѾվͤУֶһϮƮƮĽĻҡҡͷ֮ж֣˵ޣнվЧ
ĽͷʵͨվǿȻһ뵽һš
ǲзҵĹ۷᲻Ч

תͷĿС˵һȥƳǣɴӦ
Ľͷǡ
˪תͷȥƮĽУȴû⣬̴ţȴʹ
ðɣ£ȥƳǡ˪
ǡĽͷ
˪书ҲСɣԱ࣬򲻹Ҫǿ
ĽӦȻЩᡣ
˪ֵǵ㣬Ҳ쵽Ĳˣ˵Ĳͨһأ֮
ĽͷӦ
˪תͷĿתתڰ֣ˣȥɡ
Ľһ£ȥһ˺칬ʦš
˪ü̧ͷһççȺɽ̾һһӣţȥɣСһЩ칬ɲƲ
ĽЦֻţ鷳
˪ҡҡͷ鷳մ㣬֮ҪСģ칬Сǵзѡ
ĽӦһת뿪ˡ
ºܿȥĽŮһ뿪ǺСǰƳǣһ·ϣСһû꣬˸߲ҡ
һ·Ϻ̫ƽûʲô۾͵˰Ƴǡ
վڸߴɵİƳǰĽпǧѾ뿪ãʵһѡ
һԼ仯ϹϰĶʵ
ӯѾڵԼۼʵȴǸʤһ
ŰƳǣȴƽлɱƽ


525 ²
Լ뿪׺ɽǰǺСΪɱƽ
ܹЦÿĲ࣬칬ɣоǺС򣬼ʹԼɱƽҲҪЦ׷ɱ
ƾԼı£в׺ɽʵ޷ӦЦãֻܰǺС£бӲһ
Լ书˽ɱƽȥˣȥ˵ƽԽԽǿԼǶ֡
СʦܣʲôѽǽȥɣС὿
ϣͣһţԶİƳǣΧѾʼǸ
ʦ㣬ʦ㣬ʦ㣬ȲȥĽ
Сĵɴ۾š
Ľ΢Цߣҵȵٽȥ
СʦܣʲôѽСʡ
ĽЦûʲô
˵ͱ죬һ˵顣
СỹҪʣֹ̧ס˿ĽʦܣðɣȻٽȥҲС
ˮһۣ˼
С᲻ĵĵ˵ĽŸŮܿ˰ƳǣӰʧˡ
ĽһͷתԱһ
һ󣬴һͷһһױ˺ʿһȾ˪ˡ
Уܿ쿿ƳǱţǰ˰Ƴǣһ˿ջ
ɫһ仰˵Ҫһ䷿󣬶ҪȥţҪʲôԻȻֱ˿ͷڲ
˿ͷֱ˴ϥϢ
һһ죬糿ϣֱƳϣų˿ͷȥԱһҾ¥ЩйһŻ˿ջڶ糿뿪˺˿ջ
ʱ˻ûƳǻǳţǣһҴջջѾ˽

ǺСԺڣŮһɫװ÷һ䳡
˰ΣŮͣЪһЪѪ¸糺죬绨
СùͷŲʣʦ㣬˵Сʦʲôѽһ
½ʯԱߣյһڣ΢΢һЦ
ʦ㣬˵˵գСһƨ£ȥӣߴ١
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С὿֪˵
ܹȥסˮĸ첲ҡΣˮϲյ˿ҡͷЦʦ˵ա
ʦ㲻˵ôҲûãǺʦ˵С὿
ˮЦ۸ҡ
˭Ǹ˶ϲСῩЦ
ˮһºˣһۡ
Сæִߴ٣ˮ̾ŵҲֻǲһ£׼ġ
˵С᲻ͷĴߴ١
ˮæͷ̾ҾãСʦɱˡ
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ˮͷ
Ťͷʦ㣬ǲǣ
ţһͷ
Сӣ֪ߵغ񣡡Сһɫˡ
ˮҡͷûõģСʦܿûƢºͿȴǸᶨģһ˾ģ˭Ҳ˵
УҪѽСæ
ڰ֣¾͵֪ɡ
Сόʦ㣬ǿɲܿСʦѽ
΢΢һЦǲǻӣһء
һɱֵģЦûּңĲС
ЦΣ
ˮ΢ЦСʦܻغˣ˭˵ʲô
Сز˺

һ׷ɱСʦܣƾСʦܵı£Ӳģغǧѡ
ЦЦҪһ
һأСü
áЦЦأ
һε£˪ջ֮ȴܷйΪ¥˴ɱЦá
һЦӲǺСԺ˪óûѡ
һأСһֵ
ü⵹ܲ
ֻǵĲ²⣬һԡˮ΢Ц
СȭһģһģҿСʦܵ鲻ԣԭǶֵɱѽ
ֵĿɲôɱҡҡͷ
С룺ʦ㣬ʦ㣬ҪСʦһ֮
ɡҡͷ
ССʦһǲɡ
Ϳıˡҡҡͷ


526 ̽
С󣬲СʦһƴȴֻҡͷӦ
СĵһۣŤͷȥˮˮֻЦȴ˵ƾСĥƤ
ι󣬺ˮʵܲסˣεһغСʦܣͱ䱿ˣ㲻룬ûа𣿡
Сһ޵¶˼顣
ˮЦҡҡͷ
Сһİƣ˷ѽŲߣ㵽СʦҪɵ£᲻˸ְб
ѽЦ
Сʱˣ˵ʱȥĲֹСһֱһŲŰݡ
ˮһЦţЦҡͷѡ

Ľڴջס˼죬ʱȻڵйƳǣڰ׳ǳһСլӡ
լ滷һӣͨƳǶʮɣ׳
СլӽһļӣĺԺԺлΪ£ī֮ء
ƳλϣȻȴЩƫƧԵؼ۲ĽôһСԺ
ԺڣҲûҪˣƽʱһסȻȥй䣬¥¥ġ
ϵرϢڶУвƽģ书磬Ȯӣʤ
ЩĽüû뵽ƽˣˣԼɱɲס
۶ѣҪɱңȥȥļʦá
ƽ书ͻͽǳ鵤ҩ鵤ҩãȫΪԼģҲá
һѱӦģ˵УԼƽʲףٵȥ˵ȫˡ
ɱƽǿ̲ݻ£ٵȥˡ
װˣѼϢ̽ƽŴ˵ǺСԺϢͨСԺʲôϸ
˲֪ɱˣٰױһȥһˣǺСԺҲûʲôϵò
֮ѧԺ飬ǺСǸһžգеǳգе٣ее壬߻ʫģν˫ȫ
Ů͵͵˺飬ѧ
ģˣ񻹼ų𣬿װƾĽһ仰˵
ĽҲÿ깦󣬶ҪȥĵطܰһƬֵ룬˲֪ѻᷢ֡
Ľÿ춼Ҫȥݻһ飬䳡Ҳһ书ˣĽһԲֱӻӵϣУ˴Ȼ죬һ֡
Ľãº־º֣ûһϧ˼ȡʤʱʽʤĵ˳
书࣬㣬Ľÿÿһó⣬ϸܰ˺顣
ÿ֮󣬶һԲŤͷߣĽҲ׷ϣڶ
ĥӲݣһ֮󣬺ڴӦˣ֮䣬ѣϾĸƭ˼ҡ
֮˿ˣĲòʣζСЩͨı䣬ʮϰô׸ĵ
ûʲôãϷһЦģɲϴóСܲѧ㲻ѧ
ĽѧմӦഫĽÿιҪױһˣúë
ӹȥëԽԽ٣ĽԽԽǿһºëˡ
Ľԣ鰵̾ȴɫֻǶѣҪ̫ϣԼݽ鷳
ĽģЦŴӦˣ죬ֻװһˣһӣޱȾ˪ɫ㲣ȥǸ־ʵˡ
ע˼ѪģΩΩФ鿴̾
ò仯ʣһЩС͸ġ
Ľ⣬ԼִᣬһԱݼ´̬࣬ռ׼Լû⡣

ƽٺ״̽ÿȥ̽¥̽¥Ļɹɫ㣬֮ھƳǣ
ܶĽǰƳǣΪ˹ͽɵĽ֮һƱ䣬ٶ֣ǬתĶҲ֮
ƽԽɵĽ輫ԣÿ춼Ҫȥ뿴裬õˣȴһֱûԸ
ղǳط˵ԶףֻΪ壬̽¥գгط˸ǿ
ƽһʱ˽ɣҲǿֻóĴ򶯣ҪȢؼ
ǳطݣϾǼ壬ΪޣֻΪ檣ʹΪ檣Ҳ˸۸
λǾɫ˫ҲˣǴУҪţƹžΪ顣
ƽҪȢţɲһ׵£ÿ춼Ҫȥ̽¥˵仰ΪʯΪ
ĽϢҡͷԹӢѹ˶أ޷ǰĿҲݵһŮȹ£οƽ
Ҳ˺֮뿴λɾкι˴ƽߵִԡ
ƽȻÿ춼Ҫȥ̽¥ɱˣΧһиְɱ͵õЩ֡
ԼΧҲиְȴˣʹˣҲָӲǣֻԼ취
ңҲҪһƽεȳ̶ȣĲУҲܰװ

ĺɫƳϣλڴӱ̽¥ƻͨݺݺ֮˷Ӹ¥ϴǡ
̽¥㣬ܵǣֱҹУƹҫӳķϹڡ
̽¥һԲͰмտشһ̨ǿܵ¥Ͽ̨Σһš
̨Ƕ¥̨ƽӣһ¥øӣһ¥ûӣ֮¥¥з䡣
¥ѣֻҪţڱ̨ܽһ࣬һߺȾƣһ߳Բˣһӵ˶Ȼڣܲ
¥뿴Ҫ÷˹ͣʤڸӣǶȲͬҲһ£һζ
Ľ̽¥ڶ¥һӣûҹֻǽϾƲˣžѹۿ
ڲõ֬ϢɫʣɫļҾߣ̺ǷɫģƮŵĵ
ĽҡҡͷôһӣһҪʮӣʮ㹻һƽ˼ҳԺȰˡ
һϯҪʮӣֻʮ˼ݣʹ̽¥Ҳﲻλӡ
ĽҲ깫Ӳһ䡣
ҪһƣƵĺţ뿴ɾʲôɫ㣬˵ԡ
΢۾žǳȴڴܣѰƽӰһȦûʲô֣ΧӲʱЦ˵⡣
ȴ޷бƽ֮ۡ
֮۹ն¥һڵһţе§ŮӱЦ߳Էе֣ȴûĽ֡
Ľҡͷ̾Ϣһ࣬Եԭʼ嶯ȫͷųʲô˶С
һЩ˴⣬вȻһüĿ꣬˵Ҳɣƽһӡ
ڴ󷢵ĴͣĽ⴦λڸ̨ϣλüѣɿ̨ϱݵ档
ƽԱһ崿˶ഺϢˣһԱһߣҲ§һ˶
˸ɫһһӣСι߾ƣߵĴڻţǵŮԳԵЦ
ƽǱ߿˹˹ģһֻ磬һָֻ崿˵Ĵȣɫֱס

ĽüЦȴϢȳƣƳעܣ˿ûзɡ
ģʮ߰˷װģ˷ɾ裬ɱַ磬ȴϵˡ
ĽֱһףԶˣ̫ΣգĽ̾һֱӶֲˡ
ҲûֱӶ֣Ҫһ̣˳Ȼ˲ỳɵǺСϡ
ԼҲЦǺСΪбӣܿ׺ɽø׺ɽǻǺСȴǶǺС飬ҲǺСˡ
ױˣҪһѻȫͬԼݣỳɵǺСϡ
΢۾ϸϸ˼ûԶһַ磬ȷʵ񣬶Ȼһء
ԼȲȻǳʲô鵤ҩȴ磬޷Կء
˹Կأûǿľһκܳʱ䣬ѱһѱ
һƥȻѱһƥҵıԶԶѱɲס
ľ񣬻ǿ̿ù˵Ҫһȫƿһ˵һܽЩΪãȻǿ켫Ҫʮʮꡣ
֮ң˲űӵվ͸߳ƽһŬĪǿԽǿԽγӴңһŴɺ
ּҾңĽ뵽мȻ׺ɽǿѾˣ֦Ҷï޴ڡ
ּұ׺ɽʤһظΪǿԼױ֮ƭù
ЩɣµҲûʲô·ֻܲ󣬾Իסǰա
뵽ԼһЩ֣к깫һλ

깫üĿ㣬Цݣһû̬֮󷽣жϣ˺øС
ĽĶӴͣ㹻нˮȻǸмСź
ǵλͼƵ𣬶ۿǣ˵ˣҲϴ͹Ҳǡ
ܿһλ󷽣һɫذڣһɫĨأһǱɴѩ׼ӳԽϸ壬ׯŵһ塣
Ľ΢۾ĵطʵŮӣѵá
Ѿ깫˵̽¥ΪԵʣλˮǴߣҲãղģԳԳԶռռˣȴ
ղֲȴץס˵˼޲檣檲͵͵Ų͵š
ҲҪĵƳ¥ղģҲֻ̽¥ˡ
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ҡͷЦ磬ˣѵãѵã
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̸˹ģȻǶ飬Ľһ۹깫Ǹģѡˣǡô
ĽǺЦ΢һڣ˫۷ŹĴ̫ǫ˾ɫҿͷεü
΢Ц硣
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ȷʵأټˮĴգգ
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˸һѣһĽǺЦ˼ְֲǮϲܣ
ЦҲԳʱ򣡡
Ľڰ֣ǺЦǮҲôģﵹɣһ굽ͷܲס
΢΢һЦٶ˵ִвˣᡣ
ĽûֶţȻǸӣôŭ˿ɲʲô£ٸ书Ҳס㡣
˵һĽһֱؾأûʲôð֮νྴ̲סЦ
ΪĽͷһƤϲŶ˵ߣ˼̫ݣͲˣҲǿ
һ죬쳹̽¥Χ¥Ĺһ±䰵깫Сϵĵ˸ڵĵƣֻ̨ϵĵƹ
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ΧĵԽԽ̨ϵĵƹԽƮ죬ȥӽߣǴƽؿʼ
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Ľ̾һԵֵסһ˫۵ģֺ֮ԼҲĵ
ֲƽԣ֮۸ӣƽһ飬Ůȵ˻һ±ùؾصġ


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ĽҲǼŮģʦ£÷ƣСԲӪƣǺСˡ
̾Ļ治࣬ȷʵ˵Ŀǣܹܡ
Ľڴбɱţûֻд֮⣬΢۾
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ĽŽɣͷȻ鴫
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Ľȴܲһ书ܹס󲿷ֵʵԴ
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ͬһ书Ҳǳ˭ˣ֮о֣׽֮嶯
տ¥Уʲôɸ˵Ĵ£ǲΪġ
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ϲˡĽЦЦţҡҡͷ̾˿
ĽЦĪΪ˰ο˵İɣ
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ЦЦɵ뷨һ˲ͬģҲϲֹûʲôϣġ
ĽЦ˵Ҳϣ
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ĽЦҡͷѣ֪֮һеģɹٻҲƲҵģ
˵󣬵ΧһԵúܴƮΧ
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ĽЦҡͷ˵仰ҪСԼҵıο
ƽߵ˵ؼ˵Īɹ£

˵˼䣬Ľ͸һɲмζԱߵƽҲѵõĺƢֻ̣ûж֡
Ľףһ˹ĵӡҪȻƢİ𣬶ִ
ƽͲǱˣҲѡǺСҲµ˽ɵԸ񣬲¶Եһ档
ΪһŮԼ鼫š
ĽԺһЦ
̨ϣһһŮʱ򷢻ˣͶʧ𣺡ֹӣλҶ˵ɣĪҪ˺
ĽЦűȭȻɹ﷢ӡ
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ŭǳñĽһѹһͷĿܣǱһչ
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ӣҿʲ£ȥ֮ٺúʰһ٣Ӵ˲̤Ƴһһߴߵѹ
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˿üͷַһϤĸоȻͷһһ£񺮹

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һ뵽ƣ뵽۵壬ӣ񺮹ɺã᲻ʲôǣ
뵽Ȼ뿪ʵЩģ±һ󣬿ȴ֮ܰС
ħŮһˣȴ͸һᣬûм֮׺ѷѵõᡣ
ģǿΪұˣԽԽΣȻһɳ嶯ȥ񺮹ơ
Ľһܶ϶Ҳ񺮹ˣͬиУ΢΢ЦɹĽȷʵס
΢ЦֻǿʼˣϷںͷؼ
ĽͷЦãɹ｣ôãָͨඣ
һЦҡͷˣ뽣ɲһǰ˵赸ȴɱ߽֮ȻͬģٺãҲֻǻӣܴ򶷵ġ
ԭѽĽȻ״
ʱɵĽӿ죬γһ΢΢ţҫۣ˸׶
ĽҲŹƣѽ㣬ȷʵһһ˿ѵõǣγɵޱȣΩΩФ·һڸ̨ſ
һȻһת֮䣬һţųһţίʵ׳ۡ
Ľƣ˫۷Ź⣬˽ɲǼɣһֶص˽ţ
Žɵ˫֣ĽӶΨתŲƣŤĶ
⼸ԺԾķ˽ŵİһʱȴŪ壬ǿмס
һ˸߹һˣ˸˺̨ϱ鲼⣬·һĻŸ̨
ɽż㣬İһ㣬תһŽ⣬˸粨йʵĲ鲼̨

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Ľ˻˻֣΢΢Ц
Ƕʱ۷׷ףˣ˶û뵽һͳĶƻľһλǵʿ
ǿͻƻĶЩӵܣǮûط㲻ҪĻǮǵĵִš
һЦĽߣãλĶƻ
վ̨ϣȭһ񣺡񣡡
ͻƻǮؽ̽¥ȫУԣĴͷ
һϽƾƻʹһһʮ˾޿Ŀɿڴɵݡ
˸УҪ׾٣ظӵܣѡʲôˣҲؿƶֻͶϡ
ĽȭЦɹü֮СС˼ɾ⣡
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վߣֿΪɴƻɣ
΢ɳƣ͸˵Ĵԡ
衣ѣ΢ЦΪ˺ܺãȱĳչЩˡ

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ЦЦתߣӱߵ¥ݿڳֱ֣˸̨ߡ
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ߣһߺȻóһһֻشڶ߻ģ
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һˣĿֲ֧סĶӣ˫սսվȡ
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ҲһЩÿ¸㻨Ǯģӻ춼ֲˣʱ̽¥ˡ
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ĽˣȨһСƻ嵽˽޷ϣ޷ںڷڶһ㣬һƬڡ
СƻȥԵ毾ޣƯ
Ľŵϵ㣬ϤϢǵϸܵ
ƶɵݣȷʵ񺮹ĵӡ
ƻЦĵɹһһΣ


528 ɱ
ɵһЦԲסˣСŮӲܺȾƵġ
ŶĽһƻ嵽ޣ΢Ц˵ɹƷи߽࣬Ȼ鴫
ЦǱ˵ˣģСŮĲܺȾƣ£н²ɵѩѿ裬ȥƷһ
˶ĥ̸ЦԶȥһ㡣
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ĽתӭƽԹĿ⣬΢΢һЦתͷɵ˵һ䣬ЦŴӦ
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ɴƻʱǲٴɫ˵һ䣬¶һЦˡ
սʿȴüЦӯӯ绨ƽֻнʹõһһµĸȥ
ӣȥᣡߺһվŭڡ
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£ƽҲ˳һЩĽⷸŸһ֮һ

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ƵݣԼµһȴұ֤
ļ䣬Ľ˼άܣѧʶף飬ģ˶
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ĽˣȤѧʶߣЩӵƫƫǲݰ˵ţ죬Ʒǳѵһ˵Ͷģ̸Ц
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ĽЦɹαң
ЦҡͷĲ֪˵ʲôѽ
ĽɹķһУܲϵ񺮹ķĪ⣬ġ
΢䣬ԭҲӣ۲ʶ̩ɽ
ĽɹΪ䲻ƣȴҲشﶼûʶưɣ
ЦǷ棬ʶҵģ
ĽɹƵϢҶȽУһܷ
ԭˣսкιϵɻȻͷ
ȻϳԼԼԳϣ˵ȥ˵ͷٷϱǡ
ĽƬ̣΢΢һЦ˵ԶԶ˵˰ɣҲǺϤ
ЦеĵͷԻ
Ľ֪ƽɺã
սչˣѾһˣ֪ˡҡͷ
չءĽͷ
ԼòԾ˺壬õĪ洦һֱΪʲô֮٣û뵽ȴչˡ
ս㣬ȥ񺮹ɵ
Ľ̾񺮹أҲ֪ںδҵõ
ЦɰﲻַǾأǲй¶ģҪԼҵġ
ĽЦһҡҡͷȻȻ˵컵һĻȷʵǾǰɸʤһ

ҪСֹӣɲƲ֮ǰѡ
ĽЦЦѲҪɱң
һüë̾Ϣ˵׼أֹڰƳ䲻һ죬ȴҲй˵ģֻȼܽס
ĽЦãһСĵģɹﲻصġ
ְɣθս˵Цʡ
Ľҡͷ̾Ϣһ˵Ҳա
˵뿪̽¥
ʱѾǰҹΧյýֵƳǵķɼһ㣬ǲҹǡ
Ľ߳̽¥ܿ췢˸ţʲô书ǿģһĸ֡
װ֪صԼСݣϢӽҪһء
˸ţ֪ƽָʹģ̽Լ·Աƶֵķӡ
ƣƽԼȴ϶֣խ֪˼У˲ǵˡ
գƽǻᶯ֣ɱ֮𣬶֮ޣ죬ƽԼɡ
ãûƽ֣Ǳ˻ǺСֻΪƽĽɱ
ڶϣȥ̽¥
ƽڶ¥ϵһӣҺ˵սˣɫһ±䣺ɱ
áҺʹӦˡ
ƽһ£Զ֣˴ţʵͷ֮ޣ
УҿһﲻʲôҺߵͷ


529 ͻ
ĽһҲƻɣƽĶ䣬ֱӶ̨ɴϡ
˪ҲƽƽƫƫЦ棬⣬Եݴ󷽡
˿ðЦȴûЦ˾ֹ飬ûϷƴҲ󲻹ȥ
Ҳ˾ɹãѾϲֹӣװĮᣬŮҵĺߣǶˡ
ĽߣЦпƽҡͷ񺮹˿ɲ˶ģ΢Цһŵʻȴѩ
ķ£ҲǴСܵĽ£ģĻ⣬ǣѰģҪԵ
˵Ǯ裬Ҳģƽȴ֪ʵڿ̾
̨֮ʣɺȻһۣĽһ¡
Цúأ
ĽʧЦĪ˵ЦǺǣҪòûòҪ˲û˲ţҪȨȨƣɲЩ
ڿЦִѣЦŮҵ˼ɲˣ
ĽЦǲŮ˼ȴҲ֪֮ܺԣǲǣ
Цֹƴ󣬵ȴʲô
ǺǡĽһھƣֻҡͷЦ
ɼ¥ͼС漰Ů˽飬˵Լ磬ʵէ˵ˣʵûʲôܴĵġ
ЦܵģΪصݣֹǿҲġ
ŶĽȻȤЦ
شһ֮΢Ц
Ľҡҡͷ˵ңּ뷽ңֹΪּҵĵ׵ӣЦõ̳ش˲ɵ֣
Ц֪شɣ
Ľҡͷ֪
شշЦִһѡ

Ľһ漴ҡͷʧЦˣش˷ҵĵӣֲøƳǡ
ӯӯЦ˷Ҵ󷿳ηҼģֹ˵ּҵˣȴϵ֦λԶٶЦ󣬵˳͢ҲûùӳԵġ
ǳʶˣлĽЦ
ЦŪͺã
ĽֺǺЦһ񺮹뷽ҵĹϵµãѾˡ
̽¥񺮹һڣߵҲŵϢϤİϢ
ܸܵãԴƣ򣬴ƾ书ѷ
˵һŮƮȻݣĽǰС롣
Ľ¾Цɹﲻֹӣ
Ůǽˣ֪軹ѾŮӵ书Ǽߵġ
ŮӵӲֹӡ
ãĽЦűȭ뿪
¥Ůƿţת룬Ľ˽ɵӣȴѾԲоƲˡ
һ£㷢ڶУڵ·ںڹӳԽ࣬Ө
롣Ц
ĽЦɹ֮
ɶ棬ϲ˱ǣʳ󶯣Цαʢ
ɰڰ֣裬ȥɡ
ǣС㡣ŮӦһһĽɣɲɫ
Ľ䱳ţȴ飬ЦЦǽɵıء
ȥĽЦɹʲôҪ˵
ɶĽԲĴһգգҪ
ĽЦеĿΪ죬ɫ

ι㾿ʲôˣ
ĽЦңһСˣɹһ
ҡҡͷŸУʦѾˣϢҪҷʳ˭أ
ĽЦЦһλ˰ˡ
͸ҰգգգĵĴۣתĶˡ
ĽЦҡҡͷֻЦ˵
ɴһתЦðɺðɣ˵㲻˵ǺȾƳԲˣ
ִĽЦһϢ
ĽͷлЦʲôϢ
ֹҪɱ㡣ɵ
ɱңͣߣĽЦΪɹ׽Ҫɱˣ
̾ЩҴϣ谭ǵģԥĳ
Ľüѵûˣ
ɿЦǡǹƽյģǣˣңʹƲãҲƲͷϣ˳С
ĽǵҲǣǽĳˡ
ЦһϯˣԹϳǣٻˣ
ĽЦĳô뿪
ɵ׻˵úãɽڣûգǰƳǣּƴǱһΪӲΣǽ֮£ǲǣ
ĽҡҡͷƫţҪһƣּҾεİ裬ôһС¶ɱˡ
ü
Ľһ֣ЦһˣȴҲֽԱ֮õġ
ЦȻ书ǿЦΣ
Ľһ£ҡҡͷЦøƣǲġ
ɵǾͺãֹЦõĸֵܹ
šĽţҡͷ̾ܡ
Ȼˣο໹ִţ߰ɡĳȰ
Ľ°Цȴڶɣûġ

Ľ룬ͷȻɹ˵ĳӦˣ
һæãȡ磬һ
ĽһЦһ
˵˵ЦЦĽŻԣϵľƲ˺ܿɿڣǻ˴˼ģЦ绨
ϵرϹģ̸ЦǢ
˵Ц䣬ŲȻȻǷű죺С㣬ֹӷҪ
ûͣ磬ڰС֣裬˵ˣ˯
ӽΣһ˫۾ˮ飬һ̶ˮ֮ʣʧ
ŮӵֹӾĺܴҲ˲ٵľƣС㣬Ǽһգǳ
ߣ̽¥£Ͱȥɲͷĵ
ŮӵС㡪
ĽüһԲʱ˵ʲôˡ
ɺߵ
ŮӵС㣬ҽȥ˵ɣ
գûĺߵ
ŮƿţŵĽɸǰĽǸȻĵͷ
ĽЦŵͷɹͳԵɣɽתˮת֮ա
ɣȱߣæֹ
ĽҲټ֣ˣЦпˡ
ŮӵС㣬ֹ治ģȥǳ鷳Сֻ輸仰ԹԵˣһֱء
ߣһ˵ͨأأ־Ͳ룿ߵ
ҪģǶء΢Ц
Ҳˣɵ
迴ˣ֪Ѿܸıˣ̾˿ðɣС㣬ȥ˵˵
˵գĽͷˣŹϡ

ĽЦֹĳԴˣ
Ʋ첻мĵҲǵ£һӲݰ
ĽҡͷЦ֪λֹӿɲ򵥣ᣬ书ǿǰ;ɲǲݰ
ɲмǲȴϽһνǺС˶֪ȴǱСǽ
Ľüͷһ˳
ɲɺߵڰ֣б£ܱǺС
Ľüﶼ֪Ϣˣ
ƳǶ֪ɺߵ
ĽƬ̣룬һţ׽ȫˣڵ˵ǺСὫ´գ
ƳǶ֪ˣɵ
ĽҡͷµΣǺСּҸᣬ˭أ
Цһ˭
ĽüͷЦɹ֪
ɵһ¾ףǺСĳҸɵ£
Ľͷѽֻˣ̵ѽ
˵ǺСҲ󣬲ɮ濴棬ЦּҶ˲õôõ𣿡ҡͷʧЦһĲΪȻ
ĽЦЦǡ
̾˿ҲǺСĿ֮֮ģ֮٣
һµǺС̫ɵˣĽ̾
ҡҡͷҿȻէеɵôȴֻڰһ˷ֲ˰ˡ
ĽЦҾһˡ
ɿЦҿɲǸ˼ѽѧʶˣǼģ
ĽЦҶЩ²ܣеƣɹΣ
ѽɵͷЦ

Ҫ˵顱һ죬źȻײһӰײײ˳˽һֱ嵽Ľ
Сģһ
ĽæһܿһײӰײϣ顱һ죬ζ֭ε
ãһ²أ˼ȴûлγ˷ӣֹסε»
һֹӣ
ĽʵͷƽĿֻװ֪ˣʱվһԿƽԺһ
װõͦ񣬺һ㣬˱ǣ糺죬˫룬һʮ
װģԼ棬Ľ֮ۿǱߣҲⱻƽƭˡ
ٿɣȻϵˣΪƽˡ
Ҳȫ棬񺮹˲Сѱȴװ֪
áƽ͵Ĵһãʱ˾ȵĻǺþơ
Ľ̾һ¸ˣƽмˣ˲ٵľơ
ʱװװҴһ㡣
ɣΪ׽ƽŬһ£ѷӿľȥ˫ۡ
ԭǰӲѪ˿ͨͨĵŽɡ
üֹӣ˭׽ֲֹܰɣ
ɣѵ֪ҵ𣿣ƽĵҪһ赲һ¡
ƽ˦־һƣڰͣסס󣬳鲻򲻳ȥ
ȥɫƽϹŵЦ⣺ֹأ㣬شǻ᲻ˣ
ƽɫһ䣬ݺݵĵ衣
ߴϺȣס֣
һҺߴǽƻ裺Ҷү񣬻£
һ£ȥ縻̣ʱȴϡ

һ󰵷ӿſƽһӣεײһΧʹ紵
迴һۣһû˵ֻ˵
üɨһߣЦֹӺ磡
ƽЩڨڨæӻ֣ף˵⣬ٳʱɨһĽ˫⡣
ĽЦЦƽ͡
ֹӣҵĿˣͣĴΪ
ƽ۾ɣҾﲻãﲻ᣿ʲô£ڹ뷿
ѧ峵Ÿ߰˶ȵù𣿡
ѧ峵Ÿ߰˶ΣƽмЦҡͷ޸֮ûã
ֻ֪ǹʲôãЦĵƣֱײһ쵽ȥ԰棬Գ͢޹ʲôô˵
ߣ˭ҵˣƽĵ
ЦִӸڰƳô裬̽¥˷
ƽɴ۾ôң
ôɣͱſڵˣЦڿ̡
Ľ̾ǺһڣƽֻǣڽɸǰȴԵñ챿ࡣ
ɣʹûҵƾһ书µ˭ƽĵ
ûһ书ЦƲƲС죺ûʦָ㣬û鵤ҩʳĵزһͷ̧٣Ҳñ
ɣƽЩˡ
ɰڰ֣˺ˣøϻϽգҲ뿴㣡
ƽһתͷݺݵĵĽս
Ľȭ΢Цƣֹӣһȷʵ˲ųڣʧˣ
ٷϻƽһ֣Ͻ

ĽЦЦɫҡͷĳ߲ߣ񲻹ֹ°ɣ̽¥ʲôʱֹӵˣ
Ӵͦмֿڲţֲƭɣƽɴ۾Цһһƻӹ
ƽңɽȡ
ƽͣڰգתɣ㾿Ϊʲô㻤
ɽߵһ˭ܲţ֮ԽҾ㣡
ƽεҡҡͷջơ
תͷĽЦսģǺúһŮһôûõģ
ĽЦЦֹˣɹﲢ˽飡
ü
ĽЦֹҲǰ׷ĻɹԹֻ񣬲һ˿ϲ׻˵úãǿŤĹϲֹӺαûȤ
õҺ߶ϺȣҪ


530 
ȻǰһҺһżƳƣһɰӿֱ衣
赭һЦҲƳһƣƸһ׿ͣס顱һ죬ͬʱ˻Σ˺һ
Һ˺ǡ˵żǷ⡣
ƽתͷ裬üѣû뵽߾ֲ֣޿أ輫Ƿҵĸ֣
뵽ˣּ̫뷽൱ּҵλ뷽ڷҵĵλԶܱȵġ
սģȻҪŮ˱ѽʧƽҡҡͷ̾ɷۣǡ
ŤͷɣսĽ⣬Уʲôֵ׽ģ
ü뽭²ʣϽﵷˣ
ƽҡҡͷҲܿĻϲ˿㣬㴦Σ֮С
ϲ⣿һ
ƽͷߵϢսĲʲôˣԼҵˣ
˵˵ĸԼңü
ƽĸԼңǱּŵǸԼң
еԼңɺߵ
ƽͷǣսǽ㣬Ϊ˷أ
ݵú˵Цҡͷ书ʲôã
ƽæɫΪ书ŸиʧСģף
ⴿǺ˵ҡͷһĽ
Ľƶ΢Цѡ
ƽŤͷЦսģװҲûãĵϸѾˣǹԹԵĹɣ
ĽЦֹǺֶΣ
СƽȻֶΣǼ򵥵ֱɱˡ
ƽЦɶ㲻֮㻹£²׷ϽϢ˱ͷԶԶģһӰգ

ĽЦֹӣǷҪŪʲôԼҵˣ
⻰ʲô˼ƽмЦ㾳أ㻹ҪƱɣãҸʵˣ
İƣʱ˽ǰͷһģһߣ˫䣬Ϊ
ĽüĿһε˾ܼסǰͷȴϵãһųϿҺԼʮ꣬Ӳߡ
ϵðɣƽЦָָˡ
Ľҡͷ
ŶƽЦЦζѵԼҲϵˣûôɣ
ĽЦĳʵʲôˣֹῪЦ
ٺ٣ʵƽЦҡͷΪԼҵŮʵ
Ľҡͷֹӣַ̫ˣ뺦ңֱӶ֣α鷳
ƽߵðգ㲻ҲգҲշϲϣ㶼ԼҵˣҲҵĶԹñǣɣĪ²
ĽЦֹӵһ
üߵֵģϽҲ㣡
ƽҡͷɣ㼴ʹңҲܲܣսĲʲôˣϲ⣬㣬ҾԹۣ
ҲܽǲԼҵģܣϽɺҲ˼Ůȡ
ƽҡͷҷǹܲɣ
΢УЦֵģǲǾҺ۸޼ɵ
ƽæɣĸѽ
ߣٲĪҲ
ƽ˿˫⣬ε̾һˣ߾ˣ
ҡҡͷתߣ˳һְĽ
Ľһܹһ֣Цֹӣ
ƽסһ£ŤͷȻز¶ĸ֣ǱȻȻΣ
ĽЦֹ£ٺò

üﲻϲ裬ֵģȻ뿪֮˵ﵷң
ƽεɣοҪ˵
ҵĿˣûİڰ֣Ͻ
ƽ˿ɣ̾һĽһмĿ⣬Ťͷ뿪ˡ
ĽЦſ뿪һƽǲСأ
ˣŹϣֻʣˣ֣°ɣĪֵģ
ĽЦɹĻмŰɣ
Լҵˣʡ
Ľҡҡͷǡ
ʲôˣΪβܸأ¶Թ顣
ĽЦ˵˵
ķɵվסûóһԼķɵƾ֪Լݡ
ƽ׺ɽʲôϸһԼֻɢϢԼ͸¶ȥ
һּ̳һɣ˵ʧȥǣǲģǨŭڲ׺ɽǾˡ
뵽׺ɽĽӲҡͷҾʲô˲Ҫɹȥˡ
ϳǣɵ
裡
С㣡Ž
ɴӻȡһƣģէһʲôҲƵݸ裺裬Ұͳǡ
ŤͷڳѹأƿԳȥԶЩĪֵľ
ĽЦűȭлɹ
ҲҶһˮͳˣЦ
ĽЦǺǣҲҡ
ﻹôģջˮԹȻΪ˶ɱᣬ˵

ǰ·Ľںͷ˳̽¥ֱǱȥѾĽһЩٻȥ
ĽӦˣӹİͷֵĽֵϣһֱ
Ȼ˵ĪС㣬ֵʲôóڳʵ̫Σա
Ľͷǣ֪ɹһƬġ
书ЦøƣҲı˫ȭѵ֣úܲס˶࣡
ĽЦǡ
ǰϱһױ䵲סһʮˣǹ󣬾ָҲӦ
óƵݸӣǱĿĽɨɨȥιƴ򿪳һ졣
ĽϹսһۿЩϹ󳡣ɱˣɷӿ֣ûսôоɳʿ䣿
Ľ豧ȭŷ켷˹ȥȻ˳ǡ
һ¸ҹգ¹֮£Ľ˳ǣŰУŹٵһԶǰ漸˵·룬ͷһ˫ֽ棬ЦеĿĽ
¹ˮϣƽ
ĽŲδͣߵǰȭֹҹڴˣкιɣ
սģ㲻֪ƽϷʵʡ
Ľҡͷ֪
ҹڣƽЦҡҡͷԴϧֻ⣡±Ͷ̥ˣסѵ˻Ǳһܻó
ĽЦҡҡͷ
ʲôԸ˵˵һһѡƽ΢Ц


531 
Ľֹ̾ӣ뿪ˣԹҲʲôвαؿƣ
ƽȥЦݣЦһƣֻѰ·ǲǵˣ
ĽŮϣ׷ŮҪʵ⣬Ȣؼк˼ֹ㣬ţĵʵڴɷ羰
ͷ㻹˵ƽЦ
ĽЦһˣһʲôµģ
ƽЦúã׼ˣҲ÷ϻʲô¶ʹգ
ĽҡҡͷˣҼʶһֹӵľѧգ
ӣҺü
ƽһ֣ЦһðգҾͳȫ
ҺüӣСΪϷ£
ãƣܱQ£ƽΪȻİ֣ЦҪ
ǹСģҺε
ܾսйŹ֣̫һЩӦѣһŵˡ
ǰԤʱȻ񣬻ȴһЩȫġ
˲ҡͷСˣƾӵ书ʰһСһ
Ľĳ˳˦˸ǰգýĳһֹӵʲô£
УƽٷϻһĽܽͷ֮ޣէ䣬Ѿʡ
磬죬˲䵽ĽǰĽû뵽ô죬ĺһܿˡ
æӽƽö࣬ƽ׵ıܿһֵǰĽΣֻһ
ƽ΢̣¶һ˿ڽЦӽ磬಻Ĺ˹ȥĽͣĺˣһʮɡ
ƽĽԽԽ죬ˣٲ಻ֻʹ죬ˬ񽣷һ֡

ĽĻӽüͷĽ̫ƽ⵽˽ǰƽֻһŲܰȻܿ
ĽĽȴҪŬĶܣֻкһ;ģƽԼȴƫƫèϷ󣬾úҪĽһɱܳһڶ
ת۹ƽѾʹʮУѷѽ⣬ĽˣƽǰҺһóսȷʵ΢ӶԸ´࣬صġ
˲֪˵ʮ⣬¹ˮϣ˸˿˿⡣
Һ̾һսȷʵˣ˭ãƫƫҪǹӣѰ·ԹԼ
ţȻһֻƽһͣȻͣҺ߶پһŽűǰȴĽѾܳʮ⣬һʧ
ƽĿڲų˫Žһ˫۾ɵϴʧȥɡ
ӣҺּŭһǺ
һæƽĿڵĳʱһæǰ̽ƽǶˡ
ģûˣ
һûˣһʡ
˶ôȣ߲ͷߣתͷɱǸСӣ湫ӱ𣡡
ߣҺ߻ͷ˫ۺ䡣
һչƽʬףתһƬ֣Ľʧķ׷ȥ
Ľû뵽˳ƽǿʽȴãԶץסһֱһȡ
ᵽܣʽҲֻܱڱ֮֡
ƽһʵѷԼʤԼһƫƫԼô׵ɱˣҲ˼顣
ɱƽʵȥͷһ󻼣˵һʯͷһ·¡
Դ֮ԼɣƾԾǰɣʱԾԼˡ
ǰһؿɲùƽĻɲǳصġ

飡պȻһ죬ףĻ̌ͷȥòֻһƮ
ĽûѶţǱ㡣
ô죬ĵطôƣһϡ
ôĶֻΪԼ¡
ӽһ֧֮Զ֮۸ӣܹǽԽ׷Խ
˶ۣ˿˼ǰ谭̤ԥ˿顣
Ľһüͷ֮£ʩչȼǰͬȼûҲûա
ڣȼûʧڵϢӿʱżصľתٶȴ
ֻ޲һɽ
ȼ֮£ǣƤ򣬵֪ܳ־ãԼ塣
ٶһ׷٣ʼʱôҡ


532 ɵ
䲻ң總֮ң׷ᣬԼǰͬǴǰԪศָ졣
ȴͬһȼõ̫Ѹٿݽߣ壬ָҲҪʱ䡣
ȼˮһ㣬ܿʹָ֣ҲڣάϵҪѪһ㡣
ѵڵȫɣ䲻ȴҲ壬ͬʧѪ졣
£һ岻ãҪǧѣ°Խٶȸ졣
ٶ죬һĨ⴩У¹ʣӰȡ
ȻһüҲļ٣˶ҲͨǱķţΪ׷ɱԼҲƴ
ƴ֮£ĽüѣȻһһһԼϢס΢˫ֻۣ֮۸
ĺܸܵĿעӣĽĿⶼһľߵȻΪһ塣
ٶ죬ת۹һһ¹ȥˣĽûһľ
ȻһĽǰǹİִһ۱ܿõĽνߡ
ȥˣߴߵ
ǲǴˣһ˵
һƿڴ̵ģСܵõ죬ӵģ
ٷϻ˷ֿ׷һ֣ߵܲģѶѾȥǷҲɲȥ
Ҫһһ
ɱ˹ӣСֱɱߺߵ
ǡһεӦ
ҴߣǱߣǱߣһһָָˣָָ򣬺ߵ֣͵ɽϣ
ǣ
ߣˣҲûˣԲ£
ʱ֨תߡ

һԾܣŲ˼ƶϣղöѶЦһѶţߣϸ˾λ޵
ڱ𴦣ԱԻ©޵з꣬ǰƳǣЦ̳صأڼ࣬һѶţֻһգ۹ܲ޵
ģսܵ죬ȴӲҲؼ׷ܿͻϢ
ĽһȻһƬ˼άȴתѣ֮۸ǰߡ
书ԼʤһҪʰ֮һСģ򻢲ɷɡ
վϣһ½ƮƮ¹ˮ£ˡ
üܣţ˼ţκҡҡͷûжСˣ
漴ҡͷˣǲˣ
ֻǲɰǧãҳ̸ףһһõңҪ̫֡
ü룬ȻЦһߵգ˱ˣϷ򣡡
ΧȴûжյһƬȣֻ΢촵ҵҶţȴûʲô
ü룬ԼжϣЦĪΪϣϷͿˣ
̧ͷ죬ڱһȻɫ㾹ɱүϷԾɱүҲɣΧѾ޵Ѷɣƾһˣûʲôᣡ
Χûжֻ
ЦǸð׷ˣЦò㣬к䣿
ĽһϢԽž޲״̬ƾ˵ƤӣǼȻ
߶߶˵һѻš
Ľü֪вҲǻ֮ơ

˵˵ţȻЦãһؿӣ
оƬѾΧˣķʹսҲӲ
ĽΣͷһֱϷ͵Ϯһ书Ľʵްա
ǻˣ֮£ƴ֮ģĽ־ͣûлᣬûóȻ£ǼȻ
֣ǵĿԽԽ·ƽӿһϣЩ˲֪Ӻδ֣ԽԽ࣬һѾΧסƬ֡
Ľ֮۸ӣһ£Լˡ
ԿЦЦùȻЩҴ治Сһ򣬾ټٶˡ
ԶͣӿƳǵĳǽ˰裬ǷԽƽأ谭
ͣ˴ӰƳǳջƮŵĻ棬ޣȴһֱûʧǷһָλ
Ǵӳӿ󣬸߸·ͬеϣееϣϣ˾λ
էЩңոռ˸˵ķλһϸܵȦγˣϻΪģԲԶ
Ľ֮ۿһЩ˽䣬ֲףЩ֣Цõʵȷʵǿ
¿ЦҪͻĺѣóЩ˵УͷǺ书
ΣҪȥˣԼӲȥ
ĽԭһֱΪ˰бԼȴһԸûĸ֡
ֻܿԼˣܶȴֹˮͷԷ־η֮С
һˣһεû˿־壬˰ˣɱƽ׺ɽ˳𣬾ҲĿˡ
ڵĵģһСϣһСеľ׼һ
ǿᣬŨʵʣȴţһ˿ûɢݡ

߸״ЦǺǣСӣǺԣһǳգ
о˵Ŀֻʤȯգ˵ĵ⡣
Ȼһֱûжսûȴƶ޻ɾͲƬܳȥһ˫ӥۡ
޵£ƾսͷۣҲӵ
ǺǡҡͷЦڣɡ
Цŵһһƺߣεȥ顱һ죬ˤڵϡ
ͣһöɵ£嵽ϣǡԱߡ
ĽƮǰ鴤ѵʬףҡҡͷɵãС
ղһǡںи񣬿ڴЦѪ֮ʱһ๦Ӧ
ƽʱ˵ɱ˴ϡ
Ľһɱˣȥͷһ󻼣书ǿȴǿߡ
Բͣ˴ӳǽ﷭Ľü룬ֻӲƴһ;ˣȴزס
Ҫأֻһǲص£סۼһ¾ͱ֣ǲص֮䣬ҲѲۼ
ңصҲʶƣǾʱֻҪܷ
ֻӲһ;Ľзݣ·ڵѪתһȥ
ղһڵУȥ¥֮УƢദӿһϢʱӿȪתϢϵһָһЩ
ĽԿЦϹȷʵǴɣƽʱؼʱȴɣָٶ̫ˡ
ֻʡŵʩչṦȫƾĻ򣬽УƮƮǰȥ
ת۵˽ǰǰĸˣõֽӶſ·ɨµҰݡ
Ľؼ٣һ˹ȥ

ˣһ˾ȻֹһѾֱӽض
ϷӦӵϡ
Ľ˵ĵ²ͣӶγһĻסԼײ˹ȥ
һཻУĽֱײ˼ɣͬ۵Ĺţһ㡣
ɢ񣬶ʱĽ˳ȥ
һ˾У˽׷ᣬȴĽԽԽ죬ת۹һƬ
Χ׷׹֧Ԯγһγ֣˴ӣԻӦ
Ľ磬ȼһ㣬ɿţ˲ˣһļӿٶȣҪ嵽ɽϡ
һɽͨյɽ壬һ
ҪһƬ֣ɽȻˡ
γɺΧ֮ǰɽУȴһûϲ֮Уɬԡ
߶Ƭ׼ĽܴﾭҪѣȴĽܹˣǽ󣬸Žɽ
Ľۣ֮ȴû뵽߾ǲΣۣ֮ܿͻȻ֡
Ľձܹˣûסȴסˣƾεƴ٣˦ˡ
ĽΣһƬɽʱͣƧֻ׷˦ˡ
ڴɱͷ򣬴Լߣ޻֮ɱˣҵطϢָ롣
վţ¹ˮ԰׵ɫΧдеľŨīƵģһԡ
߽룬üĿ縻̣Ľһ֮ٿ˹ȴ˫ƹ
Ľӽ൲֮ЩãߵŹ֮·ճΧճ
ĽͲ㣬һѹÿһи

죬ƷҲĽĽÿһƶ׼ȷĻĽ
һڱƴĽԽпȴ޿κΣã֮С
ǼưٳʱȴʩھԵʵǰˣûãһ߻ӽһ߿룬á
ҧҧٴȼȻΪʱ˲й¶вأȰɱ˵
һӿһ£Ȼһֻķ飬Ҳŷ顣
ӳ֮£ƽһе
Ľһһ۵ǰһ£Ȼ̧ĲӬһн
ȻһĨֱؿڡ
߷ӦһĳһѸͷǳֱӹᴩƣĿڡ
ƺһֱӷ˳ȥ
ͣһХĽһףͷɹһɵɭɭͷ纮¡
ͣͣͣͣХһƬһ¿
飡飡飡飡ϲıɵѣһ亹û뵽ߵķɵҡ
Сӣٳһʣµŭɫ뷢ţ˫ۺ䣬һ㡣
ĽΣղһֳȥľߣʵûл֮
͡һϮĽæŤܹ߷ɹĿڡ
ͣһĽæһ
һһ಻ϺķɵĽһһ߿Ц
ʱѾ֪ˣȷʵ֣ʱһЦõĸζ˷ֳĹɣЩߡ
һߣҪϹ֧Ԯ
ĽһֻҪŹһǺСĸֹԼоˣߵٴӿ

ɵͬʱͣĿĽֻܲͣĺˣԶһЩȡܵʱ䡣
𳤽ȴɵߵķɵ˳뻯ľأĽԶԶ
Ȼɫһ࣬ڻþˣָһ͡
һ͵ĹɵͬʱĽŤȴܲʱе˳ȥ
ס֣һĺУһ˷˹ס


533 
ĽĿھֻۣǣʱڰӿϯԺתС
ʱûмۣ֮۸ֻԼλһɽУڲָ
ˮһ굽ǰǰ治ԶСƮģˮ֮лһ˿㡣
ԼһƬɲϣϥһŮӣȣڰУԿ壬ŮӾǽɡ
ĽЩ⣬û뵽ԼľȻΪǺСˣǺСһ֣Լ󰡣
ԿЦ־ңڻǼˣĬԼƣһƫĿڡ
ؼʱԼŲһ£ɵĿȥûԼһŲһֱӹᴩķԼѾתˡ
ͬõķɵԼķɵݣ۾ȴߣʹɵʹԼָһ㣬ɣ谭
Լķɵ죬ֺݣȴʹһǽȻͬ·
ƾԼ壬ղ񹦵ĴֻҪֱӱԴġ
֮۸ܣԼһɽһɽС
ͷ£ɲɽɽֱֱ絶ɽλڰٴס˶ڣ˺ѷɽ
Χ֮ûˣֻнһˣϥϢȳƳʾΪ
ξȵԼȴûǿʼ붨ͼУʼָ塣
ӹͼгʱֻؿ˿˿޲һӣȴǿסڻָҶ
ÿˣᶯһ£۾һܣһƬԼɿ
ˣԲĴ۾ϲе
Ľ̾ϢһЦɹȵҰɣ
ߣЦһ󣬾ͲһͲһСͽ
Ľ̾лɹΪ
㲻лңҪлȥлսɣæ֡

Ľһæʣƣ
ѽսҾģɵͷ
Ľüͷֱ۳һؿڴһʹǰһ󷢺ڣҪιȥһ㡣
ƺһ˻ȥǰֱЦ㲻Ҷģ˿볤ˣûһ¹ǲɵġ
Ľü룬ǲ⣬ôнɾԼѵµԼݣ
¹شһµԼݣô׺ɽͲˣЦһ׷˲׺ɽ֮֡
ҲˣĽȻ
ɲ˼ЦЦû뵽Ǹϼһôһƣ˵ˣˡ
Ľ̾Ϊˡ
ɵҲã㱾Ҫȥû뵽ɽ˽
ĽЦ޾֮·ţ
Ժﹴճ˵ʱΣ书ǿȴвߣԼߣӵ
ûԼۣ֮ҲϤΣܵɽ±ϣѡֻһս
书вߣʧܣֻһ֮ʱɽ˽
Ӱɽһ£ϼˡ
뵽Ľ̾˿ݶ̫ҪඣֻҡͷЦ
ҡͷʡ
Ľɣ˵ʲôûУ
սʲôҲû˵ѽֻ˵չ㣬ҪɵѰ·ؼʱһѡҡͷ
ĽףȷʵµԼݣҲ֪ԼҪʲôû뵽ȻԸ΢΢һů

Ľ̾Ϣһ˲Ҫɣ
ҪˡЦ
Ľۣ䵽أǡ
ЦɲҪ˵⻰սܲأи̣ҿûȥսˣ
Ľ񺮹ĵλܸ߰գ
һЦ֪
Ľҡҡͷཻδʼֻ֪񺮹ˣֹһӡ
룬ԭ֪սٹ
šĽüëЦһ£ҡͷ̾ԭٹֲء
ǰѾ¹Ƶݣ֤ʵˣƹȻٹ˿ԼԵҲ㾡ˡ
Ľǲǲܳף
ţܳסɵͷ
ΪʲôܳףĽʡ
ɵ˶ʲôöţǼˣܵɷӰ죬ʧȥ
ĽǺЦЦҿæɹһϸϸƽϢ
ĽŬƽϢ˿ԣҡͷЦ˭˵ĵ
ǽʦĻЦ
Ľҡҡͷɹأ
ЦҾʦĻȷʵŵģ
ĽЦɹһӴһƬˣе̫ƫ˰գ
Цӯӯĵ̽¥ˣ˵ĵ˽ԽʦĻû˶ʲôö
Ľӣҡͷ
Цпǲǲ
Ľ̾ɹ˵ĳĿҶ˵档
ЦеĵҲ֪мõģĻ֮٣ǲΪ
ĽЦҡҡͷǳףǲǲ
ѽɵͷǹףҪжεģټǹء

ĽԼƵĹϵ˵ˣƣԼ
Цӯӯ룬ֹסԼĺģʵں棬սһ򲻼ٴɫġ
û뵽ȻΪһˣԼæĸԣʵ̫ͬ
µãǲѣϵǳƾٹĸ˵ġ
ǰΪλͲСˣûʲôģ˵ӦԼ²һ֡
һ·ӣȴо⽭Ͳģ£ʵһˡ
һµľͰ˾Ųʮˣλٹˣ
Ʋ⣬֮Щ˷ܣʵû뵽һٹҲ˷ģ
ƼأҪʱŪĿٹ˾˲á
˲Ҫ˰ɣʡ
ĽٹĹϵȴǿסˣ֪Ҳ˵Ϊٹĵλǲϡ
ĽͷһӾ޷ˣأ
˹ϵȻл֮ĽҲٿ
ɵٴһӾͻˣûʲô󰭣һСӣҪӶ𣿡
Ľҡҡͷһ֮
ֻ̾Ṧȥ¶治֪ǲµġ
ĽͷֻҪгԵľͺã˰ɣ˺˾ߡ
ţȻȥšɵͷ
һ£ʣɱֹӣǲǣ
ĽͷţʱִӴ˶·Ҫɱңֻ֮ɱˣ
ɿЦͱѣ
Ľִܲаɣ
ǵҲǣֹԼԹñˣͷ뵽ƽ鷳û뵽ô졣

ֻǺ棬⽭кξҵɱֹӣֹҲǺ֣ʲô˶ɱģ߻书Զʤһĸ֡
Ľ̾˿ҡҡͷ˰գ֪Ǻʱͣ֡
ܾõģһҲҲһֱȥЦЦֹ̳̳ᷢ裬ҪСġ
ĽҲ̤ƳǣȻҲҡ
ҡͷ˲ͣ׷ɱ㡣
ĽЦЦᣬǵıˣ
˵һĽЩˣǿʼ붨й
ĽͼУϣԡ¾壬ԣζ
ʱѾһȥ붨ʱøĿ죬·һȪһۣһ졣
ѾʯȥĽȻѣȴȿʼǿһЩ
ɣɺһЩˣĽʡ
ŤͷϲЦտöأ㳢
˵ŵݹһ㣬ĽӹˣϸϸƷ㣬ȴûһ˿Ǻζ
븹ܿһθ˿˿ƣɢů紺ǡ
Ľ̾㣡
ЦеĵȳһɣĪҪԵö˳ţٶ࿾һЩ
ĽЦαؿţֱԱˡ
ǿɲɡҡͷ
Ľ˿ܣԶһСӣֱͨɽһСġ
ĽüȻγɵɽ
ɣ⴦ɽһĽ´ľ֦ʵ
ɵͷѽ
Ľٶ˵ˣ뿪գĪҪ˻ɣ㡣
ЦʡģҾ뿪ˡ

ڶ죬ɿʮ㣬ҨһЩˮŵĽߣ㹻Ժ죬ҲߣЩˡ
ĽĴߴ£ɲĵ뿪ɽĽ֮۹գȻ뿪ûš
ѾԼ¶ףˮһӡ
ȥʬ޴棬ͱˮߣҵõ˰ա
ɰȻ뿪ĽҲģʼתվһֱ붨Уӿ޸ơ
칦Ѿߣ˺ӱߣ㡣
Щľԣǽɱúˣϡ٣żȴǺɫģȪˮµʯͷһɫѷ֡
ǽã׽סЩ㣬ӳΣٶ죬ģһ硣
Ľվһ׿Сӱߣźˮʯӿķ϶ܾ˹ĺۼ
첲ؿڵѾˣվЧǷԽʱԽ֡
̽һ̽ɽߵʯڸǰãûʲôֱȴ⡣
룬ó߶͵һնһ죬ǽȻ
һ˵ƿʯͷȥû⣬ȴǱˣһûкۼ
ĽһֻʯʼӲǷһ㣬ǰûз
Ľ룬ִ߶⣬һٶȲ죬ȴǧһĵǿ
ǻĽԶ֣Ľ˷ǰжȥǿĵ
Ľ³룬ӲɣɵķӣƶǽлأѰʯͷ

˫ְǽڣ΢˫ۣ۾Ŀ˿ǰʯڡ
֮󣬾Ȼ粽УɢҪߣۿʯڵʵȻԸ
Ľ˫һһĸ΢۾ֻƸʯڵÿһ磬䲻ͬ
ʯںܿĽһһһһҹʱ䣬ȫʯڵÿһ
ÿһȴûʲôûء
Ľ治ѣȤʯڲ򵥣ʲôֻԼûˡ
ֱۣ֮֮޾ϸĿ⣬ȴ˱ڣ¼ġ
۾ʯΣǰֳʯģԺޱȡ
ʱƵĴӾܿʯÿһģʲô͹ޱȡ
һȻһ˹ƣͷϷһƣϥλһƣȻ࣬Ҳ࣬ĸλһƣ̣Ȼ졣
¡¡һ죬һ£Ľæ˺һ̧ͷȥȴһԲڸǰ
ԼаߣҪȥȥĽһ£һ¿´ˮ
Ľ룬ֱİš
˽ȥɽԼʮףǰһŻٶȣǰһʯݡ
ʯͣȴǰҹ飬յԡ
еʯһˣüü۶ߣŹ⡣
ĽէһΪǻˣǾ֣ԼһȴѾûϢ
ǰһϸ۲죬ĿѪδɿݣƽʱ죬Ǻ棬ǰ̽˵֡
ֱ䣬ȴ⻬ϸܣ·һ㣬ȥܣŵԣ˵ļ졣

Ľü룬֪ʲôˣ˲ʱ䣬ȴ岻࣬
ܣ߿ҹݶ״һʯһСϻ޹ϻһֻƱʯһСӣԼˮ״СȪ羵
ĽߵˮǰˮӳӣԾ˵
һ£ϻǰ֮Ķſһ۾һȻ֣ϻ
ϻʲôأֱûЩܰȫ
֮ϻһƵľᣬģֻʮҳ֮ɸɾ
ĽûſᣬǴܣûбĶһʯ齣һʯûб죬ûƷַǳ


534 
ٴʯǰֱۣ⻬еԣѪӯʧȥ֮״
Σɻ˾
ĽֱȴǽղˣĽղѧϵĽղ
Ľղ񹦣ڣޣĽղһֱĽղֱ֤
ϵĸ߶ȣﵽѣղ񹦵Ļ۹ɮΪ֮⣬㾳ء
ǻỳɣ۹ɮﵽ㾳أ²ǽղ£Ĺֻûܴˡ
Ǻֲ²⣬ԽղĲ㣬ԷҵĹԣǼҪģŲ㣬㣬νĳ飬ԡ
ͨء
ԣշǿգзУ粢ʵڣַǲڣĹվ硣
ŷ֮ˣܵ磬ȻֻأĲߣֱӶֻء
֮Ҫ֣벻ŵٶȽȻͬ
䲻֪˶ãȻ֤ýղǴɾߣȻ𾴣ʮһ
㾳磬ίʵɾ壬дĴԳɾͣĽ̾硣
ϧ֪תʯǰϻеĻƾᣬʲôҲûУһƬհס
һҳӳ
˹֣һ˻ϵãĽΪҪ𾭣ѧ֣ܹס
ݺᣬֽĽþһƺǰһ֣ĿһС
֣еƣؿںݺᣬԶ̲סҪХ
ѹסɳ֮ƽ¿᲻ֻʮҳĿܿ쿴ˡ

֮˼Ȼʯݣصԭλãϥڸɲ˼
һֶص֮ƽȻͬԳһ壬ΪأĽǰδţ
ƽɺԿڱΪŻϢγϢٻ࣬γѭͨ澭תϢ
ȴͬǴţֱ֮£ֱ뵤ֱӣٶ졣
һɣ޾Ԫǿᡣ
˴˾һǧط
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ûвԤУӦûʲô⣬ֱˣۼǲģȥƳǿ
ɽƮҫ۵ʱֱ΢۾һֱںڰУȻǿЩʡ
˫̦ɽϣڻһߣιǻ򣬴˶ᣬ˫˫̡
ɽڸʪߣڻһ㣬֮ɽΪһ塣
ʯƽأʱ͹ʯͷ·ƹȥԽһڻһɽ
ݣĽһԾ䵽¶죬һҪ쳤Хȴֹסˡ
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ĽЦʦ㣬
СһѽϽȥ顱һ¹ţ´Сӣ

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Թ˷Ůоķȥɽ˵˼ҲˣĽ⣬ҲţԼһ˯ˡ


536 
ڶ峿ĽһϹȻʱŮ
ŮЩ޾ɣû˯ã¶ƣɫҲģ㡣
Ľ˰ЦŮ
ɲôģһؾѵúܣͨζϢ֮ѡ
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ĽԶʤɮ֮˹վǿľǿֹ۹ˮɣףһûʮĹ򣬸ž
󷽽ķͳҲԭ뿴˭ɣʤķʽ졣
Ⲣָֻ죬죬ûֹĿ죬̶ȣھ뵤ĴС
һһһžǿӰԵƿԴ߶侭һСģ̰졣
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Ľʹ죬ҲԼһ㣬Խۣ⣬أ࣬ӵʵһܣһĺڵϡ

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537 Ԯ
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ɵҲ֪ʲôƷȷʵôŪȥǣзӣ
Ľ룬ЦԿ
ŲգȻ˫Ƶģɵ裬ǻ
ͷ˺󼸲ſվ
Ľ΢ĺ󱳣룬ϸ֣ʼϪ˺ŭˣӿȥ
ȷʵ죬֮ܣһŻȼգκתΪȼϣϽ͡
Ľԣ䲻ܿ˻ȴֱ̩ɽѹ֮ѹȥ
ŵĶˣĽϽһɶͷһ⣬ۡ³һѪ
Ѫɫϣ˻˻졣
С㣡һæǰһĽȴѾջƣ˫ƴͷ䵽ͣͣһ
Ҳ۾ĵĴۻָɣ¶һ˿ЦݣĨȥǵѪգЦ
ԳԾû뵽ĽΪ֮󺣣ɲ֮Уίʵˡ

ȥĽʱĽѾƣû˶ֵҲ֪ˣԼĽûɡ
ĽЦˣ
ЦŵͷѾˣ
ĽѺһڣʲô£ȥǺСԺңҲڣԴš
ɵͷҪô
ĽЦЦּû鷳ɣ
ЦЦ̷ɵڣǲġ
ĽЦҲˣгش˵ıӻЦȷʵҷǾôˣ
Ц£ʬ޴棬ǲΣ
ǾͺãǨŭ㡣ĽЦŵͷ
ɵǵ룬ϧң̷Ѿ˾ˡ
Ľ룬ҡͷһӵĸףһҪˣΣСΪϣ
ɵͷǣ̷Ҳأ˼ĸ֣Ӧ
ĽЦúãǳشˣܡ
˿ʼԷɻɣθڴ󿪣һ߳һ˵
ɿʼòĽƵĹϵ
ǰ˴磬ûɣ񿴵ĽĿȴģ˹ϵ
ĽЦѰˡ
ҡҡͷսɲĳˣһѣôĵģսʶģ
ĽǺЦŴ˵
͹һŮ˵ĺģ˵˼䣬ֹĨǵתƶᡣ
ĽЩмܲסҴҳԹڱ֮زز
̽¥Ѿ죬ɫˣҪȥ˯ˣٲȥλʦĲԼ
ߣ̤ܿһĽֵϣʯذˮ¹⣬ʱѾֻһŵһҹ紵ζƹ
šĽȻͣסŲŤͷܡ

û뵽Χ֣һ򣬾ʮΧƮϷվ¹¡
Щһֱƽˣ쳣ƽϰղ࣬ʹĽۣ֮ҲܰǶɵˡ
ĽһǺȻΪָ֣֮죬ǿҵĴʵ
Ľüγĳ俴Ծǰˣǰˣˣֵ
Ľ̾˿λң
ͷһɫƣǾòδĽȴóľԵ
ԴϹڹķиһʶÿһԣֻǺס
һķ٣Ϲһķֺ֮棬ͻĳһ֣ߣɫƣǵëҲڵϡ
Ľܹ񣬾޲ǿʢ¡
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Ľͷǡ
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΢΢һЦҲˡ
ĽЦãΪʦܵҰɣ
߿˿Ƭ̺󣬰ڰ֣ðɣȥɡ
Ľɨһߣ˵ʦѾûˣʦܵмֽ飬ǿϧ
˫罣΢۾ô
Ľ̾죬һȥЦüһ̳
ţǺãһ̳˵ͷһӣߺãˣ
롪Ľ΢Цȭǰǰ˲

Ų߳˼˵İΧĽţɫЦȷʵˣ
ǿɵˣǶҪѵ֪ɱ˻Ǵһ٣˾Ƿģİɣ޹Ҳȡ
¼˸ܵһСƫƫйϸ𣬻һ鷳
ٶֻҪеǵģó̳ȷʵǷˣֻƽôһӣҲ⡣
ЩµмǣûΪԼǺС˶֣ⱨţΪ˴̼ǣǶ֡
룬Ǿסˣƫƫ֣⽹߲СӢ۶ӣ治Сˡ
صСԺŮںԺСͤСͤƻͨ磬ŮŰ£ѩס
ŮûʲôɫϾ̽¥ʲôõط
Ľ˵·Цڵ£Ůɫ
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Ц¶ģǸѣȴûԮ˼֮⡣
㣬ĽЦѣдһţ˵ΪɽǾź֮£ʵҲθ˺˪
죬ʮǺСĵ˰Ƴǡ
ʮӣǳƷϣ굽꣬书׿ƷʮƷʮˣƷˡ
һЦڶ࣬ȴˣĽһ
ң˪ˡ
˪ΪЦãɽǾź¹شҪһ
Ľ˪˹ɽۿղ
˪źɫŮǰ㾪졣
ڳŲɣһףʦе׳ɵ֮ܡ
޵ףɵѣ賬ԽŽˣʵѵĴ¡
ǵĵƳǸֽš


538 ת
ʹǰƳѰգҲܸоɽţҩζ޴ڣĪñ
ȴСƽյľ׷࣬һԲϣƿڴ߶żʡ
ѹֵ֮£˪˰ǶסǺСԺΧԺ
ǺСԺŲΧȴСԺƽʱ˼סţõʱɳ䵱СԺԺ
»ˮкǺСԺԺСͤƻͨĽ˪һߺȲһ˵
ҪҪȥݷһ̳Ľ²յ΢Цʵ
˪ҡͷء
̳ڷ裬ȥڻϽ̼֮ͣ٣ЦǺС档
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æת⣺ɽ﷢һƪķ
˪ɫ²յµģ
ǡĽͷ
ţ㸣ԵǳŰɡ˪ףֶյһڣĵĿͶҹɫ
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ӻͳһƾᣬݸ˪
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˪̧ͷĿȪճอ˰ɣ
ĽͷǣҵʱݽߣأֻӲͷƤһûʲôӡ
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ʵһţȲΣգǷ֤úŪͨˣϰ
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˵õţأһԾΪ֣˵õţ߻ħѪ
ĽΪֱһţ֪׼Ըֱӿ˪ȴ͡
˪ͻͽ˵ڼ㣿
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˪ҡҡͷԼĸԵؽںС
ĽЦѧѧõѧںУʦʦһǿʵҲҡ
˪¶Цݣ룬ػףйأԼ˽»õѧδúﲻܣ¼Ⱥǵ
ĽͷЦͺ¼ϰɡ

ķܳ޵ԭⷨż죬Զʤκһķ
˪ҡͷרעϹɡ
ĽЩģֵ˶֣ɲô˷ƽʱòãⷨŲμߣԳɣô˷Ч񣡡
Ľв⣬Ե˵ͷ
Ҵһķ˪¶һ˿Цݡ
˪ľ渵ȴǺܼ򵥣Ľһ鼴סˣſڷʣ֮һһ̣˪һһ
һķĽЦʵڼѡ
һķΪת֮Ž룬ض£Ȼأٴ¥ţ˹Ϊһת˳򣬽תչƢ࣬ɹ
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ľתȴ֮һΣתɬޱȣѪӿ֮
ƫƫҪ˺һ֮֮֮á
һķ֮ѣǰ漸Ѽ֡
Թһ֮󣬶ͷ亹乣ܣ죬Ц˪ҡͷѡ
˪һǽ׷Ϲ֮ʼһɣһӣҪҪ
ĽЦ˾
˪ҡͷû˷Ҳϣ֮档
Ľ̾˿һز׹
˪ΪɱԼǴǰֱӳΪҲġ
˪ת֮ض֮һأ
ĽЦ˹һأ
˪ҡͷ˹ǰ漸ҲˣߵԶԿɡ
Ľɹ
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˪ѵõ飬΢ЦԿɣҪðĳɣ
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ĽʱӦ֮ڣǣ䲻ȴװ̫ԩˡ
˵ûȻһЦ𣺡ǺǡЦ֥һ
Ц죬쳹ҹգĽüת˪
˪һЦû뵽ˣ
ĽҪҪȥЦ̳֥üìܣ
û뵽֥ȴԵţЩ⣬ȴɫ̳ݹ٣Եȣӭӡ
߰ɣȥһ̳
Ľ߲ƣҪҪԤһ£
˪ǰϰ˲ۣ֥֮ŲŷҲ֥Ϊ
˪ͷţҲá
Ľתȥˣܿ쵽ԱߵԺҵҴҸĽϸＸ仰ͷתȥˡ
Ľϼ׷˪󣬽˵ţǰš
֨һ죬һ󺺰Ȼߣ̬죬е΢˫ۣеıеĴ˪еĵͷ
̬죬ȴΪ񣬾ûֵָͷӡ
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һ˫ۿؼɭɭֱճอĺ

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˪ЦЦתɡ
Ǻǣҹðǰˡ֥ȭǺЦǳ˿˷ŭ
˪ٶ˵֥Ľ֪λСֵǡ
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񣿡֥˫΢У䣬ĺ
Ľ鲻ȭʦ죬ϧӢţʦܼһ档
֥ǺЦӸ鲻
ĽЦദʱ䲻ãмֽ顣
֥һô˵˳ΪűǺС
Ľɫ䣺ʦˡ
֥Цһк˸ߣһᣬɫֲƽ㣡
Ȼһӳ䣺߰ɣ
ĽƮƮһư顱һ죬Ľ֥ͬʱһ
ף֥Ȼ̧ͷ
ĽһЦ̳Ǻ⣿
֥Цٺ٣һǺСĵӣ֣ɱƽ´ˣ
Ľüëһ̳˵ʵ˳䣡
֥Цƽĳˣܱ׵ˣСӣգ
˵Ż̤ǰһ̽ץ
ĽǰӰһ£˪ѾվǰƮƮһӭ֥Ĵ֡
飡һ죬֥紥㼲⡱ĺɫ˼֣˾ƣ˫ʧȥࡣ
̳һ߷סתͷŭ˪
˪Ľǰһ̳С֣ӶԼݣ
֥˦˦ͷָɫˮҪЦΪˣ
ΪΣ˪

Χ·ˣ֥΢۾䣬˪˪Ŀһ˲˲ʵʡ
Ŀƺڿײһ𻨣Ľи֮ܵľ񽻷档
գ֥һ˸ããȻӢ۳꣬һ˻ˣǲ·ˣ
˪ݸС֣ҹͬ
֥ҡͷЦЦ¸Цˣֺα棬Ǻǡ
˪̳ʲôô
վԭأû˼䵭ҹƮŮ
֥ŭһ漴ȥ¶ЦݣֻʣΪηҪǺС
˪жͬţǺСݲԵӣνӲ̸̳֮軵ˣ
֥ƽѾˣΪ̫˰գ
˪һһǶξΣܸıʲô̳˵İգ
֥
һ˫۱ų⣺ƽǰ;ԶȴǺС٣Ŀ࣬ðգȡɾͣȴ룬ǺСŹ
˪ҡҡͷ÷ض˵㾿Ҫôµգ
ãʹ죡֥ЦɨһĽԩͷծһ
ĽǺЦҡҡͷ
֥ͷ޳ܵ¶ó˿أȻһ֡
Ǳ޳ͷԣһپһƣƫִͿʲôɵ¶ó
˪ҲЦҡҡͷĽĶһһ˿м뼥
֥ķӶ˵ΪȴǲУҪֽһ
˪ҡͷ̾һЦãӢ۱
ĿɨߣǷ׷תͷȥĿഥ̳ҲΪȻ
Ҳ⣬ֻ̳̳һӣ谮ǳ¶ʬ޴棬һɷ֮Ŀڣһֱܷй
̳ĳˣȻҪ֣Ҳ̳һο̳֮飬̳Ҳܵһ˿ο
㲻֣֮ȴпԭȨûա
֥ںתͷĽǲŮ󣬻Ϸһս
ĽЦҡͷ̳СһӺԸ
˸ղŶһƣƽɫĽȴ֪Լһһ־֥Ķ֣һʽռš


539 
дһΣ֥Цеʣ΢ƲǳЦ
˪תͷһĽͷҲá
֥ʱЦ棬ǺЦʮѽúãӢ۳꣡
˪ĽΪǿ
Ľͷǡ
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ˣԳȣΪ£ȥΪ£ƫƫɡ
ΪƽǺС´𣬿ҪɱԼɼ޶
գȳУ֥˺һڰ֣߸źˣÿһƬյء
»ˮǰյĵƹ΢ȴǿ塣
Ľ̤ǰ֥ĲԶγ䳤ָ̳̣
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ƣƵܣܷˮˮ
һ㣬ǿ֥Ĵ׼ȷĻ˵һ졣
Ľһƣٴλӵ˸
һһأһţγ˽֡

ĽĵŲ죬ȴһɣٲһ಻һһʹһƣԲͣ͡
ĵˮ֥絶鵶ˮˮ򲻶ĽĽ࣬һֱ಻Ĺ
֥ĴƼÿһζ׼ȷĽĵĽĵ죬Ҳѡ
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֥ñȴ޿κΣ˹ɾȴһľ쳣
˽֮£ת۹ʮУĽ˫ԽԽԽԽ㣬ҲԽԽҫۡ
֥üѣܸоĽĽɳı鱻ãԽԽ
һĹ򣬵ϾԽԽǿԽԽֵӷѾҪӿ춯֮ѡ
ȥٹУܷѹסԼ֥ҧȻһЦããĵȻǺСѧ³ʶˣ
Ľ̳Ц
ⲻͣһһѾֻѪת⡣
ʼʱҪжȥ֥˺ԽԽ˳ԽԽǿעУȻΪһ֥겻ˣֱӱڵ⡣
ʱҵһоȷʵ֮
֥ЦƷɣһˣСĲǣ
Ľգ
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Ľ»ʤɣҲ֥»ʤĽȻǿӲ֮ƻĽ

˽뷨ǽͣĽĽ²վԭأһˡ
಻Ľŭ˿ΣĽ罸ʯŭ˿ƾϮ
Χ˿ҡͷѣ㽣ʵûʲôԣǺҿǺӶһ㡣
ĽݺᣬΪһ壬ڽĴ£ԽļԽԽǿ˿·硣
䲻֥ȴʤڵӳ֣ܴƽ֣ѷ߾첻ѡ
俴Ľ񣬵û뵽̳ƽ֥νţ֮꣬ʤһ
û뵽쿴ΪģǺСֻվӢ˲ţ˲ţʵǰѵһ
̳ϣǲԩ
˪ƮƮġ
ĵ֥Цҡͷܾûܸҹϰе
Ľ̳ˣ
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֥һЦȻһ콣ȥˣǰֻһ̣Ľؿڡ
ʼʱɢ޻ſĽϹ⻪ԽԽʢĽؿ֮ʣǹ⻪ҫۣܱӡ
ĽбһܿˣһǳһҪϡ
Ľǿᣬ׿˷ȴù죬ײǱܿһ䡣
֥һ˳һգųĽȥ

ĽͬɽʯԽԽ죬ʹǹ䣬УҲȻ˿Ӱ콣Ƶļӿ졣
ʼʱԽԽ죬꣬ǿǣٻóֻһ㺮ǣ
˪üһЩõ˳ʱ䣬Ҳſ˪ͻȻѡ
ĽȻѵǰƶֱֵཻڶͣˡ
ϵǿޱȣԽԽǿѩһ㣬öֵסĽƣЩ
Ľ̾ϢԼĵԶ޷죬Ľ޼ƿʩˡ
һĶãһߵֵһüֵǰ취ɽйɵյĽֿ֪
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¾ģɫᶨ˫տտ⣬Ȼһֵͣ⡰͡һ´ء
ĽһƺߣֳǺॡһأְסֱ֥
֥ǴЦ˫۷Ź⣬Ը߸衣
񣡡˪ͺһƮУǰӰһǰ׷׳Ƴ
ĽŽ֥ȥ΢ɲĶһ¡
֥˪ǰһҪܿȴѾֻһʹʱ


540 
˫ź˵ѪѾӿסֻܷƺߣ˫۵ɴŵĵĽ
һɵУͷѾ˪ĻĽ΢Цŵڣ
ţģ˪ͷ˵Űһŵҩ
ҩһͷʱڻΪһת˳źȥʱܣһ±Ƴȥ뵣ů
ĽףһǼҩҩһȥ֮һɢ
ŵҩҩȻԼ۾һǻþķˡ
ΰθߣͣϣ߿գŤͷ·羰ݶԼ£СԺһš
һХСԺʮˣ򰵴ǽӰʮˣ֥Ц̳
ǺС˸ΪЩ˵أת۱Χסˡ
Ľߴʼ䣬ŤͷߣȴһӰޣ֡
Ӱһ߷׷׷˳ȥڿһѪȻ顱أȻ
Ľ̾߸Ϊ䲻֥ȴԶûл֮书֮ǿǺš
ٴ˪֣ͷˣ
Ľҡҡͷ©֮㣡
ġ˪ͷ̧ͷɨһΧֵͷͰ˰գܲġ
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֥ɱˣЦãǺСǾصĴ£֥Ϊ̳̳λ磬Цܱ֣к۰֣
һҪģΣʹЦ㳲ҲҪԼɱˡ
ǺСԲ֣бڵӣǺСҲûдڵıҪҲгȻ
һҪһҪɱɽһսĽò۵ʦʦǺԼɴˡ
֮ƣΨɱڣƳϢй¶ʱ䣬취Ӧһء
úأĽȴûɱ֥ҪɱԼԼأҷ̫ҡ

˪ưģעůϢůڵȪ泩̲סҪ˯
ȷҰգ֣սپҹζ࣬ҲҪġ
˪üͷСᣡ
Сת۵˽ǰźɭɭ˫죬ΣѪתʢ֮
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СæǰסĽ壬˵ƮУĽ¶Цݣʦ㡣
Сӣô£Сæʡ
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547 
ųǰһ񣺡ʦ㣡
ϼףˮ۲ĽһƳǺСӣ
ǡųһĽ޷ʦܣ޷֮Уʦš
ϼüһ΢΢𣺡أ
ĽųһۣЦЦϹ뵥˵仰
Уæǰһ
ĽЦЦϼ
ųЩΪѵĵʦ㣬λ书׿ʦܣʦãʦ֣ԲĶ֡
֮Ȼϼ칬ǺСƲѺãһǺСİ㣬Ҫɱʦ㡭
ʦ书ǿӦһĴ⣬ܲ
ϼˮӿ˿Ľֵȥɡ
ʦ㣡Խе
ųҲʦ㣬Ǿ˵ˣ
ϼЦһ£ҪģİգǺСֶΣȥɣ
ԥԣ޺޵ĵĽĿƽҪ͸һ㡣
ĽЦЦҡҡͷС֮ĶȾ֮ҪɱϼҲֶΣ
ȥɣϼһü˶ʱһţεĵͷʦ㣬Ǿɽµš
˵գԺ޺޵һĽŤͷȥųһĽҪ͸ġ
ĽĿγˮһе뷨ֻգĪ⣬ʵڲ򵥣
ʧϼǰ棬ɫԶ㷢ȥ
ĽǰԶİƣĵƲ߶룬ոŸĽһ־һ㣬Կ֮С
ĬȻţֻǿԶİơ
ι̾Ϣһʣôˣ

Ľ¶ЦݣΪܳŶأͨѾ֪˼ңӣȴǿӲĿס
ŮӣȻܶģʦֻǱ²Сϼмֺķɡ
ò񣬺崿ţϼȴǷ绪һһĵ˶׺һɵĮУһͣء
ĽЦ˵ԼӦ㣬ǡǡ෴ȫأŮȴȻ֮
ν˶ĸڣŮ˶ڣֻǻ٣˪ǺСĵǶԣܾһĸһĽɫŮһĽɫ𾴶Ȱȴ֮
ڹǸı䲻ȰεӰ죬ϼòޣʵĮкӰӣܾʦ֮ʰա
һת˲ĹĽ뵽ЩҡͷЦһⶫɿء
Ľ˵ϼŤͷΪ
Ľ̾ʦ
ˣϼü
ĽҡͷһۣƬ̣һ̧ͷʦ㣬㲻ְɣ
Ҳáϼףһ˲˲Ķ
Ľԭʦֲ˵ֻ㱨һƽҾøø˵ˡ
˵աϼɫ΢䣬ͷ˳һ㷢͸֮
Ľתͷȥưƣ̾ʦְǵ¸̹ˡ
ڻ˵ˣϼ̾Ϣһ
Ľûתͷȴ仯͸һԹһףʦһֱŲ˵ϼԹ
ĽЦһ£ҡͷʦ񵽽ɣ
Ǻ°ɣϼ
ĽͷǷֿ۽ն˿
ϼĬȻתͷȥơ

ιڵôģ
˵أĽŤͷЦЦ
ϼЦһ£һͷ¿Ӧգ
ĽҲЦҡͷʦ֪ܲڵĿеĵλɣ
ϼ֪˵˵ǺһŮ񡣡
ĻΥĽͷǲңǲܣǲԸÿ˶ԸԸ
ϼһҡҡͷ
ĽһΣʦ־ȻΥ˺ĻβӦҪ֡
ϼĬȻͷ
Ľҡͷʵʦͽ͵ˣС첲ŤȵģսС
ôˣϼʡ
ĽչأһɽϣʦĴƣ˶˵ͬԧ죬ǲ
ֲáϼͷһ
ĽңʦּˣʦУʦ˵һһӣлᡣ
㲻ǺˣŤͷʣ΢ƲЦ
ĽЦЦǸģ䲻ͬǵоȴʲô档
ǺÿϼһЦ
ĽЦȷʵ
ϼ̾ϢһЦݣǾȻ̧ͷңյİƣĬȻ˼С
Ľʦ㣬Ϊ
ϼĽЦĪҲΪʦֵ£ǹ㷣ˣ
šϼͷ
ĽǺЦС˹
ϼĿ˿
ĽҲ˵Ȼ⺣칬ĹҲǸˣмǰĵַʲô˼ơ

Ľ룬ӻͳһСƿݵϼǰʦ㣬һƿԪǿԪеЧ
ϼҡҡͷûֽӡ
Ľҿʦŵú࣬ƿԪҴʦ͵ģȥֻƿ
ϼˣܳŵס
ĽЦЦƿԪգһȥûʦֽʦͳȫ˰գ
óϼЩ㲣Ĺ£Ȼŵú࣬û֧Ԯܿ塣
ϼУֽӹˡ
Ľ¶ЦݣʦֱչأýܳʦҪã
ϼҡͷ֪
Ľüͷ̾˿ʦ㣬ǽ׼ô죿
ϼЦһ£ҡҡͷҲ֪
Ľʵ鲢һУиҪ£ûҪ̫עظ顣
ϼü⻰⣿ǲǷ֮Ȱҵģ
ĽҡͷûҾãǰԵݷ°գδ·ֵ̫࣬á
ϼЦ´һۣʦܣᣬԸº˽ѽ
ĽЦҲֻһ޼
£Ҳ˵ġϼ
Ľ̾˿ǺС뺣칬ԣʦ㣬Ϊߵһ𣿡
ܡϼͷʯΪ˻һ˹һȹ
ĽЦⶫֻһָоˣ翣ÿ죬ȥҲ죬Ǳ˴ϲһ𣬿ܲغܾã̶ͻ䵭ɢᣡ
Ҳ˵ϼҡҡͷ
ĽȥܻẦ˱˴ˣ۽ն˿ûģݵòǳȥɣ
ܣϼ䵭ȴᶨ

Ľ̾˿·ߣ߲ͷҪ׼źã
֪ϼ
ĽЦʹоҲûã㱻ڴˣβܷų
ϼüһҡͷûзӣҪֱܷ꣬ųȥ
Ľʦ㲻Ͳ㣿
ǡϼ
Ľ򢣬
ϼƺ⣬ҡͷȥǾͲˡ
ŶĻ̌ͷ
ϼ￴ûʲôʵоӲףȥȴѣ
ѽĽⲽѡ
ӲֻȡˡĽ
ϼµģûһܹѣ㲻ذ׷˼ˣңҲܡ
ĽüʦҪһӴ£
ϼͷ
Ľ̾˿ǱʦˣƵ书һմ칬ȥ
ϼ¶Цݣܴ
Ľ̾ʦ۹⣬
ϼ¶ЦݣʼãЩԣ̼ܳΪеĸ֡
ǣɲһܴﵽģʱ򣬾ѾˣҲᵭĮˡĽ
Ҳڡϼ
ĽƬ̣ͷãһĻתʦ֣Ըճɾ
Ը˰աϼЦЦ
Ľһæģʦ㲻صġ
ϼЦǶлˡ
Ľ˿ܣҿ࣬ȴĥ½ǣٽڣʦûá
ǰһܲˣ书ҲͳˡϼʱͿˡ
ҲɣĽ۾һ
ϼܲ磬Ϳ뿪£Ҳ֮⡣


548 
Ľ˫һЦֶΣ
֮ǺСķӲ࣬ȴָһ֡
ʦִϣģʱ䣬ҲԲ˼롣
ϣȴƵ㲻ܲ˹ֵܲһһǱЧ˵
ھһϣһԴʦʮһϣܻĶƴ
һϣ±ǺСʤһЧҲǿ
ϼҡҡͷغǺã뿪µģֻһ˶ѣϴʮ꣡
ʮ꣡Ľ³һ
мʮ꣬ʮ̿ڳ˶Ժܼʮ꣬ǿηɲ
λĽʡ
ǰιϼ
ĽȻ򣺡ֲأ
漴Цʦ㣬˵Ҳ·̿ƹضΪһι
ϼҡҡͷй׿˫Ǻ칬ĵλȫйĿأ򣬺칬һɣۣ֪֮֮һеģѰȲй
ĽЦʦαԷƱͣ˵Ϊɲһܱȣң޷ǺСľƷ֣ݺᣬӹ֬׷ۿɴ򶯲ˣ
ϼ¶һĨ΢Цҡҡͷѽ
Ľ룬ϧҲ˽书㣬ģһغʦ˵һһķٴ㣬ƹأ
ˡϼüҡͷ
ĽЦģⲻΥأԴѧ˽Удãﲢ档
ϼ΢
ĽЦǺСɣɲͬһǺˣҲ㴦ʦ֣Ҳǰ֮֮Уʦʾ˿ɱȣСľƷӣеϣ̫һҲֲú
ǰȷʵϼҡҡͷ

Ľϼ˵һȻҪ뿪ϼסü˿
ĽЦʦ㣬кηԸ
ϼ΢죬һתͷȥƣðɣ
ĽǺЦԴӼϼһûʦֵΣĮģΪʦûʲô顣
ϼװûĽЦӶˣһֱ쵽ɬתͷ
ĽЦ˰ΣϼԽԽ죬üҪæʦİգʦǸ֮ˣ˵ΪһЩûʲô󰭣ӦòҪġ
ˣϼæתͷ˲ɬ
Ľͷ紵ɹûǰ;Щã﷢̬࣬ȶӰ켫ġ
ϼ̾Ϣһü𣬲ԲԶԻá
ĽҪ㴦ʦַ־һ˼дķҲûʲôʱ˼ˡ
ϼĮȻĽͨо˼æͨ죬
˰ΣȻعʡֺˡ
ĽӻͳǷţЦʦҪתʲôһţʦ顣
ϼæӹţһۡ
ĽǺЦЦ֪ԼʼʱûһŶԣǧ
ĽʦҪҪһ⣿
ϼҡҡͷûбīдš
ЩĲɣȥס磬Ȼŷ⣬Ķ޷ţ鲻ݿʵ˵á
ĽҲ࿴תͷ±ߣӭ磬ֻ͸ǣҪԼѪ
ǿķǷ磬֮˵𺦼أǲ书˴̫࣬ʮ£͵öһ¾ܱίʵǳ
ҲֻЩܴ֮ס

ιĽתͷϼǷڿһһ񣬷
ĽЦʦ㣬ɣûʲôʦְɣ
ϼ̧ͷ̾ϢһˣûʲôҪ˵ģúñذɣﲻҪġ
ãˡĽͷҪǣȴϼס
Ľʣʦ㻹кηԸ
ϼ룬̾ȥ֮󣬲ô뿪ЩʦǸĸ֮
ĽЦǻ
ϼҲ֪³ʦܾݣ
³ʦܣǺηʥĽʡ
ϼ³ʦǺ칬޷ǺСһĵһ֣˿ɵС
ĽüͷһȤųΣ
ǲԶϼҡҡͷ
ĽЦǵҪһඣ
ϼ³ʦʺãֶԵһǷ켫񣡡
ĽЦЦðһ֣ʶһ
ϼʦȻǿ³ʦܻһҪӲͦʹ򲻹ǣպһ
ĽЦԭʦƴ
ϼ³ʦЩֱǻˣƢãܲüһǻûûصġ
Ľ֪һƬģЦãİʦ㣬úǰ򲻹Ȼ䡣
ͺáϼһ
νݼڣĽ޷ʦܣĽҲеУܿװܿࡣ
ңȻԼ޷ͬУʲô⣬ô޷罻
ĽȭЦʦ㣬̫ãһģ
ţҪСģĪҪǿϼס

Ľ£Ȼһɽ±վˣ೤ͷһĿߴŨüۣ˫˸ʵʰĹâ΢΢һɨ罣âӹ
ĽĿһ겻ʮ꣬ʦֲ࣬һΪ䲻޷磬ȴҲ
Ǿת޳֮ǰԼûжֵʸֱϸǣΪȷʵ
ɣ񣬲ѷꡣ
ؾϼ³ʦˣȷʵһ칬֮ףɫ
ˣųԣɫưɷʽͷ硣
˵ΪȷʵףųԸһߣ³ȴ࣬Ľ÷
Цеǰߣܿ˽ǰһСǲݴʯ˵ţû취ȥ
Ľǰͣ£ЦЦλҰɣ
Ǹ񣿡ͷֵʡ
Ľף񡣡
ųλ³³ʦܣǺ칬ʮӵһˣҪֽһ
ĽЦ³ðǾͲض˵ְɣ
úãʹ죬³ϲ³ڴЦһĶЦ˾ϲˬˣǾУ
˵ձ˹籼ţֱײȭײֱֱĽصХɼһȭ
ĽҲεȭӭȥȭͷϢһ˿滺·һ㡣
飡һ죬ȭཻ
ĽԾһ߸ߣһȻƮȻ䵽ԭأ³ȴһ
ɴ۾ŵĵĽ
Ľ̾³ںȭͷӲӴʧȴҲΪ˵á

ȴĽľһȭȥ˸֣³ڻǲһ
תתĽˮתǿ
ͬǳĽһ˿ɵˣ³ȴûлΪҺһǲ뱾ʵĲ
Ȼõľֲһ࣬ǿǲܴ򵽱Ҳá
³ߵľʤɵ·ӣңʽľûʤĽǺСѧ֮ǿܼ
ƾǺСȰˣϡ٣ܳȻɲð
һʼûƾȡʤͽȭȡʤԵεԹĵر֮䲻ܹھ칬ȴҲ˼
ƾԼսʤһǺСĵӣزѰգһ˵ͲסһǺСĵӡ
ʱ֪Ȼʢ֮ʿŲۣͱԼļһʤԼ
ţôᣬôôѵҲԼһʲôﲻɣ
֮ˣ뵽ʦĻҡͷ̾Ϣȴּ˶־Цãã
һΣȭͷ죬ХǿһµĽǰþȫĽɡ
ĽЦһ£Ҳȭͷ顱һ죬³ƽƽ˳ȥվڱϱһ¡
æһܿûǰס
ƢǶף˲д裬ֱӷ


549 ཻ
³Զ˫̤߲ͣסǺ죬˫۵ɵͭһ㣬Ľ
Ľ¿̾һϹศã
³ְɣĽȭЦЦ
³ڰγ˫ţһ壬ЦããӢ³ˣ
ĽЦЦҿǺСˣɺ鲻ôðɣ
³ڰڰ֣ĵɣңɣôǽѣ㲻书΢ɣ
ĽЦðҲˣ
ʹ죡³Цתͷĸ֤³Ӵ֮
ųһ£³ʦܣ
³ڰڰ֣ʦ֣㲻ض˵֪Ҫ˵ʲôǺСˣнģǲǣ
ųĵĵͷѽ㲻ûʦܷҲ£ûкóԵģ
³üͷһ壬°룺ûóԵĵǸ鷳£ΪһߺѣҲֵˣ
ĽЦ֮ˮ̫ƣȻϸ㣿
ʲôǽ³ڴһڣЦߣȥ¥Ⱦƣ
Ľ˺ؿںҲЦãߣȥ¥Ⱦƣӣ
³Ťͷĸȥȥ
Գһ£û˵ʲô֪ȥҪۣزҲݲˡ
ĽǳɣҡͷЦЦ³һǰͷ˵˵ЦЦ
˼״˼ۣڸԵ￴Ц³ʦҲ̫ܺǵˣȴƫƫҪѡ
³ʦܱôֱӣദֻˣܶԷ뱳ܲ˵ģƫƫܹأ˵ǳԣ޼ɵôɾôɣӲܱġ

ǰͷɽȥһһ˵
֣ǺСǼƷӣ³ʡ
ĽЦҳʱƷȴˡ
ԹԣƷӾô³ͷڼ
ĽЦЦ˶ҵʦʦ㡣
Թԣ³ڸĿɿڴ
ĽЦ³ֵûǺСˣ
ûУֻ˵³ҡͷ˵ǺСĵ۸ڶĿһУҿҲȻ
ĽЦΪ飬ۼΪʵԶﴫģҲ˵Ǻ칬ĵӰء
⻰Ҳ٣Ǻ칬ȷʵͦġ³ͷЦ
ĽЦҡҡͷûз³⻰ʵڣ칬ĵӶһɰǺСĸ
ǺСĵǺааǣ񵭳ͣһȣֻƽ׽˰ˡ
칬ĵͬǸڱ棬ͱˣµһ˭Ӧǵġ
ûжԱȣ򿴲ʲôվһϲβһĽľԺǵ̲ͬ
ˣ޷ǾŴܰǺ칬ĵһ˶ʦ㹴ߣǱ£һֱһֽһ³ڵ
ĽЦʦôϲѣܲʦཻġ
Ŷ³ڸȤ
ĽʦӢѳȻνӣҲ޹ֺʦϲνʶӢţ
޷书Σ³ʡ
Ľҡͷϵ£֮ʦֶ֣ûӮ
ô³զࡣ
ղżʶĽ㣬ᣬ˾ģǶһ޶ˡ
ȴ˵޷ԶԼҲ޷Զһֱﲻ޷Աԣʲô£ܵʦķģԼӮ
ĽĻһƴ١

ĽһЦӮʦ֣Եһ޷治˵Ӯ
ԼʽȱݣʦֱȣҪģϾѧһǿ޿ֲ
³ڲĵ̾˿˵޷ȣǲԶˣ
ĽͷҲ˵黰³ֵ书ǿʦֿǺСľƷ֣ȷʵ˲١
³ڲĵĶš
ĽЦǿϢֻҪͣŬ˵һܳʦֵģ
³ҡҡͷһ书ģԼûԶٿ࣬׷޷磬Ц
ĽɫɲԣֻҪһϣҪ׷ϵģ˵㻹أ
Ǻǣ⵹Ҳǣ³ָ
˵˵ЦЦѣĽ֪ͨ³ཻԼǸˣܲ
˿ټ˿ҪڣǷſĻ˸˵Լľ̸Цʱ³ڵĹЦ
ų˸٩ֻǰԿЦ
ܿ켸˽˳ǣ˷¥
¥λڳϣλڶϱֵĽܼ֮Ȼ¡
¥³ڴߺȣܿһ俿λӣȻ£һ߿Ŵķ羰һ˵
³ھãֱСϴ룬Ĵ̳ƣĽʽʼ
ųҲһɾھһӣ򲻹Ľ󣬻źȲ
Ľ߲ܣһһȥ治ɫ
³˵ˣ˭Ҳ׼ƾƣֻ׼ʵıºȣ˼򣬺Ⱦ̫Ȥ
ĽӦ⣬ղ񹦣ǿᣬԶʤȾںˮ

һͨȣȵ磬һֱ磬ų˶ϣֻĽ³ȣȸͣ
³Ҳ׳ʵ֮ˣĽ൱û̬
ĽѹŤͷȥԱѾ˰̳ƣ̳ƶ˶
˶ӣٿֻ̳һ̳ƫƫ˰̳ľ
Ա˷׷Ͷ³ڲں̸Ц糣Ӿϲ˵Ż
ĽҲںһ˵һߺȾƣʹ졣
Ʒ֪ǧ٣Ͷ࣬ʱ϶θڵˣˬ޲һֱȥ
³ˬֱ󷽣Ľθڣ³ͬǸʹˣѵһ
˰ʱ֣³Щֲסˡ
ĽǣҪ뿪ƳǣǺСϾ
³æҪһӣúһ侩ʦΧкܶĵط
ĽҡͷЦžܾʵ£ٵˡ
³ʧѣظ֤´ιһ¡


550 غ
Ľϲл֮󣬶һ뿪ƳǣǺСһ·ϣһ߸·һ߿Ϲ˼֡
ĽԺ棬Լʦֱȣ˭һЩȲ֪޲߲˫ᣬʦֱһ
ʩչṦ޾һỊ̃˲þף¼УߵС·˲ࡣ
ʱȻ±߾гͻĹ̫ƽɵڣС·ߣҪһ¡
Ƕˣлڵ飬Щ˷Ľľ졣
ĽЩܵˣͣϢһӣùվȻٸ·
ʮ֮Ӻ칬ϻǺС
Ǻһƽһ󣬰ããˮһߣֻ֮ԼΪСһС΢
Ľϲо˶óγˮΪһ塣
վںߣӭ翴˰ΣȻһХһһֻСƮƮ
ƻٶȴޱȣէСգ۹ǰȴһŮ
ĽȭЦʦ㣬ֵ
ʦСߣ̧ͷһޱ㷢ЦСʦܣʦ߶أôŻ
ĽһԾСֶ֣ʦǻˣ
ʦЦŵͷţջû죬һλɾߵźǶι۹ˣ
ǺҲ˰գĽʣһ߿ʼ֣С֮ಡһ˳ȥź漲ӣӲݼ⡣
ţҲˡʦͷ˵ɱƽЦãѽСʦгϢˣ
Ľһҡһҡͷ
ʦЦ̾ʲôﶼ̾㵨Ӵ˼ܣ书ҲǶЦͿˣһֱûְˣһڶ
Цõ׳ǽ£Цԭһɣһĳ֣ԽԽǿչһĴɡ

½֮ǿʢЩݺ֮ƣһǺСĵǡ
ǵλȻܹ˶ЦǲޣΪûܽѵҲóȻֻ֣װȴЦøӵ޼ɵ
Ľһγ֣ǺݺɷЦõ磬ǳһڶΪм
˵ЦõıΪǺСĵӣͲǱǺӢ֮أ̫ġ
˵УС֮ת۹˵ϣͣͤУĽƮԾͤ
һͤȶˮ߳һŮѩãת۹ǰʦܣ룡
ĽЦлʦ㣬ʲô
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ת̥ǣҲ˵ͨ˪ףͷգĪ˵к档
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޷õȼˣȥһա˪ڰ֡
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˵ϼʲףﲻһĵزҪƹض졣
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һǶԼǻ۵Ĳţǰ˵Ƴ磬߻ħΣգǶ书ķıأķôֵ⣬͸Ūȥôĵøá
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ϼһûĽɫһ䣬æһϼԣŤͷȥ
ϼɫ԰ף䣬ûһϢ·Ѿ˲ñӣưظʵŮ塣
ַӯԣζֱУȴоϸ΢Ϣ
΢΢ɣһ˿Ȼһ£֣棬ȴһ
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ŭȣæʩչṦ׷˵ṦһĽɽ£ʯͷںãϼŵʯͷţ˲׷

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Ľϼ棬ӽӲάƹ̶䣬Ľַš
ˣԳν̣ҪĽ
ĽһģһУַ˳ȥɳ£òԼһ졣
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ĽŤͷüǾˣǺˣ˵һܵסң
Զʱһ÷󶼲Ķ֣˸ǲã򲻹ҲҪġ
Ľߵɴ۾ʦһߣϹͣõΣʲô
Կ˿ϼֿĽЦҪȣҲȣȥ빬
˵գתͷʦ֣ȥ빬գס
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ʦûоˣѾǴΣ֮ʣ£ʹҲˡ
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ԶŴ󼱣ʦ㻹ҪȵĻϹڣһʦô죬ܲѽҪȣȥ빬ס
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ĽһŤͷʴһۣǴкûܵңġ
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հ㣬ԵǶ
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ĽۣŤͷȥһƮżˣȽȽƸȴޱȣ˲䵽˽ǰ
ĽһۣòƽƽΨһ˫峺ӣһĨСںӣĽмơ
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ĽһƬȱģѵ飬֮ǿͬ⡣
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ڱ忪һķ·ߣǧѣҪԼʮľĽǿᣬȴ̫ѡ
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һȭ̵ǿĽʮû֣Ҫߣһѵ
߷ŷ˳ȥơ
϶һ߾Уٿķ˳ȥڿнסǰߣƮȻ䵽֮⣬æͷƣ˲Ľ

Ľһٿĵ߸ǰһȭҪһ֣
߹עԼֵܣȴ͵Ļͷһצ£һȭһצҪཻ֮ʣӥצȻһ䣬ΪָĽ
ĽȭΪƣһָ
ꡱһ죬ƺһһĺˣɫǺ죬˫룬Ľ
ʳָָѾ۶ϣ˳Ÿ첲壬ˣѪӿԡ
Ľ񣬸Ǿޱȣ书ߣǺպǰ֣ȴĽľҲ
ûҲûԣȻʤ֮ĽҲû뵽ԼΪ㾳ء
һ¿ޣȷʵӰ켫˿֮ǰԼȴһʤȴǡǡ෴
֮۸͵ϮȴȻֹסΡ
˴˶һۣԷеľ档
ǿ˳еΣĽȻͬպǰ֣Ȼ޷֮Ľýڽڰˡ
˾Ǵδ÷˼
Ťͷһƣҡҡͷˮ֪ĽϷŪԼڣûжҲûѨ
ҧ޲ǰúʹһɶļһϷˣԼ
Ľһٿĵ󣬴ʱǶɬͣܣĴӴӿˮйϻֱʱǰһڣʲôҲ֪ˡ
Ľ֣߷˳ȥȻӥ˫۱ôˡ
Ʈȥͷ˿ߣ˿Ľ
ĽЦƣң
ЦģǺù򣡡
ĽЦЦҡͷ⹦㲻üãһˡ
ƺߵ߯ǫˣӥ˫ʮ꣬û뵽ϣ
ĽЦҪɱңּܲҹȻ磬ǺС٣
ΪŭԹǶԺӡ
ƵĻˣּҲô˵ģ


559 
ĽЦҪһغһܷͷˡ
ƾ㵵
㻰Ҳ˵óڣӺɷţһֱƤЦģǸûûƤģԼ߿
ɵӥ˫۵ĿּҲǺСġ
ĽӷһߣҡͷʧЦ
ǺСȻ׿ڸ֮ϣǽң˶ۼΪʵΪëûۼʶǺСǿᣬĴңǱԶﴫǺСʵ
Ҳüɶ񣬵ɱˣȴǲҪֱ
㻹ǻع𣿡Цӯӯʡ
Ȼǲ³ĽװƣǸԼս˵Ҫȥ񺮹һء
ĽЦƣҲŮˣҲȥ񺮹
˵빬سɿȥȥߡ
ĽܸоƵһ˿Уղ͵͵Ǳ¶Լһ֮
ĽǺЦǱ˰գһ̡
ЦݣһӣּҲŹ㣬㲻ڣûʲô鷳
ĽЦЦƣּ̫ǿˣ
ּ̫ˣưһۣ㲻룬Ǹ߳ôԶͱǷѰõ
ĽЦŵͷû
ּǰƳǵĵͷߣô꾭Ӫ̸ڣ񣬶ĿҲ޴ڣԼѡ
Ƶ֪ǺСĵӣɱ㣬ɼּĲǺСԴԴϵĸֹɱ㲻ɣ
ĽЦǺãҵʶһּҵĸ֣
ƺһͻҲȺǣһ˵ֵһȺ֣һӥ˫дһοɲˣ
ĽЦеĵлĹģСıǣ
˭ˣûᱨ𣡡ûĵתڰ֣߰գȥɣ
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ƿӲȴǸģĹϵȴûʲôĻҲʧǿɰ
ӥ˫һԼ£ԭļƻٲʵУֵֻܷĴҲ˿ա
뻯һԵ֪ûлᡣ
Ƭִ̣˵òּǲŹԼģҪɱԼּڣϵȻ޴档
ڰɶԣûϣû壬һÿɶвٵˣײ£޷⣬һûЩŻĵ˻᲻ʼį
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Ƭ̣뵽˺칬¡
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뵽ԼǸҵĵңж츣֮˵ʮ죬ʮأؾЩԪŨ֮ǰڰա
ϧһ粻ͬģɽƵβһԼҲ޴֣Ψȥˡ
뵽ת칬ȥ
칬λвʦλãƳλϲ߾ǧҲֱʩչṦС
ṦĲΪǣһ·УһЪ˴һЩˮȻŸ·
ʹ·֮Ըо׺ûӰĸоԼԼ
֮۸ӣԲʮ֮û

Ľûż֪˻ΪѰˣѷȴѲס任˼ηڷˡ
Ҳ֪ԼΪαˣԭǿһͷӥڸ߿գΪһ壬ϸ׺Թȥ
ʱӥյߣûУйɵøߣӦ죬С
ΣĽ΢΢һЦİֻҪָ֪оԴʧȥأҲûʲôɵˡ
֮Ƴǣ칬ǰ
ǰĻһͨһྡྷװ³ڹЦųĽߣĽȴͣס
³һŤͷͭĴ͸⣬ĽЦ³ֵܣҾͲȥˡ
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ĽЦڿɲɣ뾡ȥ¡
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Ľͷ۾ʣôּҿɲǳصģǶ֣ý
ĽҡͷЦɱЦõ̳ӡ
³۾ɵøԲʧԹԣЦõ̳̳ɱģ
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ĽĪҪȥң˵ûǺ칬徻
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ϣϼԣ㷢Ʈһϥ±ߣĽĽŲŤͷ
ʦܣ´Ľһۣʲôô
Ľӭŷ磬ƮƮǰЦҪʲôҲ̽ʦô
ǺСˣϼӯ¶Цݡ
ĽҡͷҪʦʧˣûС
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Ľ˸һԶޣĽ̾ʦֵĸȻ㡣
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ñǺСĵΪͷ;
ּҺÿǺСĵӵ⼸겻ǺǺСЩˡ
Ǵõط뾡ΪԱѪսּҵԽҵԼԽá
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ˮǱˣۻƥˮһ֣ϻᱻѡ
ΨнµŨۺ󾫴ڶʱγ൱֮ơ
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ϼһʼչؿޣκ˲ܴţڶʱͻƣˮ
ŷ֣ѵö࣬ˮƽʱʹģһˮѱһ±ÿ֮꣬ѿƣһҪˮ𲻿ɡ
Σÿζ޹׷ˮγɲˣ޿κ֮£ֻзʼרǰ
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˵գƮߣһɽȥתʧϼҰС


560 
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ԼһӹۣƮƮһ
ϼ޳˫΢һ£а̾书Ȼּңĸ֡
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һһĸߴ׽԰ף΢ϣйɲŭƣһվԨsš
С߽Ȼ෴һƻ룬̶С۾â䣬ʵʣȻСȴ˲ӡ
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Ǻ칬ĽأСһǺЦ治֪أôҲûأ
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Сǰһ۽ϼצ֣ϼӣٺ٣СƯһ
ϼüһǰأ
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˵һ䣬ʹɱˣҲȲϷ֮أеֶָɱ˿ɳӢۣһմϡ֣ȴϳ˹ܣ˲ܡ
ϼüбһۣһѾɽ±ϣݣ㷢Ʈԡ
С£ϷúģٺЦţǰ۽
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СգһҲȥ׷СԼСջ֣Цеĵ
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ϼֻǰһӰȴǸߴվǰһεӿ纣ˮһ
һǰһ󣬽ضϼ·ȴˡ
СߺٺЦڿܣСܾܣӵ˺Ӳɫ˶ã
ϼҧ촽һԲ
СߵЦٺ٣ϸƤ⣬Ϸ򲻺úһô񲻿ϧ
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ϼ޳ŰСߣ΢ƲǳЦмһˣη顣
ٺ٣Сﵹ˼СЦеĵȥϼϲ
ϼȻһƳޱȣ˲䵽˰Сؿڡ
һЩΪһǿ

ٺ٣С˼СߺȻһӣֱֱһߣܿһƣһŤϼ࣬һѡ
ϼһºˣŭ𣬰ν̣һ˰Сߣ޲һ
Сߵ򼫺ãλӽһӰӣ̹á
ת۹һٶйȥϼû֮УӽԽԽ죬졣
һӿޣ죬ȴһֱûлӦýϣ֣ܷſֽžʩչֻѪڣ棬ԽԽ㣬·ò
ٺ٣С书ҵģСЦһȻ̽һϼֻ絶ֲɵɿ˳ȥ
һֱӷɳɽ£ɽȥû˶ϼһ£ɫʱò԰ס
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Щû뵽һ·ǰչƫƫ֦ڣδһ±Լֻһ֮
ᣬ޷֪ԼѶģʦܣû뵽׷ĸ־޳ܰա
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ĽЦЦתͷߣּҸ֣ȴֶα˳䣡
СӣǺգСߵ̶Сۺߵ
ĽͷǺ񣡡

δ˵꣬Ѿ̳һѸһ˲ѴаСߣס
Сû뵽㣬ҪܿȴֻǿһŤӣͬʱŽˣȴûȫܹ
ؿڱһӣѪӿżˡ
Ľȴ̾ϢһⰫͷһܱܹȥ˿ˣȴֻƤ֮ˣûܴʵ
ֱ֮壬һ䲻ȴ죬Ƽأ
СƺһؿֹѪͬʱؿڵ˼£÷Ѩ취ֹѪ
ɫ䣬ֻһ壬꣬һߣԼסꡣ
˲ֱϥ£΢Ҫס֮ߣԼֻ·һ
Ľϼ˸ɫһٴβߴߣ죬ƵߴӦ
ĽСߺ޼֣ղһͻϮǻɽǴҪء
ʱСˣȻָԼסߴߣϼ֡


561 
ϼͷ԰ߺ޼䵽أֻýʦܻԼ³Ἣҡ
Ʈǰһȭţ°⣬ʹ򲻹ҲҪŵܰˡ
һȭƮƮЩ飬ʱ׼У֪СͷԼǶֵġ
顱һ죬ϼ㵵ĿԼȭͷٿͷ쵹ڵϵСߣԻתͷĽ
ţ϶Լһȭ̵ˣ
ĽؽⱩǣâ˼֣ĸߴ߲סеȡʦ㣬ðк
ϼعһ֣ϳһö󣬶ϵߣǺ칬ĶŰ
һ䣬СƽƽһܿȴһѪ̶Сŭâ
ϼüһֶһ⡣
СҪܿȴãֻǿֻ̧Լǰ󻮳ⶴƣĿڡ
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Ľ룬಻ĲԽԽԽԽʹǲ׺Ž
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ǺС֮󣬲οǺСĸѧĵ壬ڽԽǰ
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ֵһЩʩչȴٿĽľ֮һɱ
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糺죬ĵĽϵϢƮУصϢѬշ̡
Ľҡҡͷô򵥣ּҰԵ˵ģɱŹΪʦɫŹ㣡
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ĽƮ䵽ϣΪһԱһΧɽʯΪһ壬˶Ͽ
ִϼɿȻָͣмѣȴûĶ޲ۣԼʦɩġ
ɫԭȴصģϼʦ㣬涯֣һХٶغ칬ȥ٣̹̹Ҳʶ޹ϵ
ʦܡϼģ书侪ףּҵĸҲǳصģ书Ҳߵþˡ
ĽЦЦʦģʵڴ򲻹ܣ㲻ڣʹܾܣ
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ĽϹ
ŶϺȻͣŤͷתϹ
Ľͷǡ
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ҡͷпϹ治һķûķ˵ܳҿҪ
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Ľҡҡͷһγȥּкˣ뿴ǵ鱨֪֪˰սҪرһǵġ
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Цҿּҵ鱨ԾúܣɣʵͣȻҰҲűû뵽Ǿϣٺ٣
ĽϿʲôӣ
ҡҡͷֻһ鱨ͷӣʲôӣ
ĽЦЦٶ˵

ϰм䷿ǰָָ涼ּҵ鱨գúܣʲôкҡ
ǣͺϡĽͷȭһŽȥ
Ӳõ⣬һһΣǽ϶ܣϰһĽɨһۣԼǧ顣
ֳ鶫ϵһǡּסĸ֣˿һһ
һȻ鵽һдšּ֧֮һȻҲһŵ֮һЩ顣
תܣֳһּҾѧһ񣬷ȥǽּҵ书ûķֻһЩ棬硰ˤ֣Ƴɽжʯѽ֮֮ǰƱڣСһȦٶȼ죬ʽ󿪴أƷӲСɹӦ
Ľ΢ЦͷֱӰһŵϣȻһһż
Ϻܿٻһյ裬͵Ц˾ͻһұ¥¡
ĽЦͷˣҼӾͳɡ
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Ľ㶼ɣʱȺȲá
ǵǣҲǶģãȥժһЩЦŵͷƵһջ
ĽһڣԱߵıīûжйĿ֮ܣժǣֱԺʱ
һ󣬺϶һˮӣһЩι״ĽûĹӡ
Ľл֮󣬺ϾͲٳ֡
һһǧʮ飬Ľʮ췭꣬ʱڣ˳Ժһӡ
ʮֵ֮ӷ˼ȻϣصԼˮ鿣ϴͤ
˪ѾһϮۣƮƮɣ粻ʳ˼̻ӡ
ĽƣЦѧõṦ
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˪ּҵ鱨кθ룿
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ţѧλӰɡ˪


565 ս
˪ŵλӰǿ죬ᣬ飬Ҫ󼫸ߣܲɾͿԼˡ
룬뿪Сͤˮ鿣һţݵĽǰϸĦ죬вĵطٹҡ
ĽӹţֱӷΪԷһ飬Ȼ󻹸˪˪֪йĿı£ӹλӰǶ̾ı仯ŲƱ仯ڷ䣬ѧĸӰڳ;Ϯ
ĽЦȷʵˣλӰȻ
˪ּҿ̽ѧλӰӦЩ
лĽͷ
˪ڰ֣ˣҪȥּң
Ľͷǣİգһвףһߣǿġ
ţıҵġ˪¶һ˿΢Ц
ĽǺãλӰȥּҡ
˪һ£һŹҲһ
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ĽʣŵϢĹȥּңҪǱ룬ŹҪѧġ
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˪飬һһֵľһеķţĽ֮סȻС
һص·תȦ֮󣬺ƳԽԽϸϢ˷·ΧΪһ壬ע⡣
һʯͷһһӣʱԹȥ
˪ףͷ
ĽǿᣬĲݾ΢֮ķ׺ܶ࣬˾ķȴס
ĽȻȥһλӰԺ̡
ţһȥԼһˣ˪ʡ
ĽһˣһҲ졣
˪룬ͷҲá
Ľ뿪Ʈͤ䵽棬Ȼ̤źԼˮ鿣ʼλӰ

ƽλһУһǣ˿ʮ
Ҫǣ֮һּұλڣǵĳرּҵˡ
һǼȫּңԴǵĳأּʵͻͽ
ټǾͳּҵĺ԰ּҵʵҲҰģڣּܶһ˿һʵʵۡ
ڲּһңɣƽ֮һʵ䲻ǿƽɵҲּһ֧򴨣ֻͬһϵһˡ
б𣬵ϾͬһңѪƽմ˹⣬ʵҲǣ֮ҲѰ֮书ǿҲأĵӵּҵĵλǣ⡣
еȣòƽէȥһƽ˰ˣǽǧ˵š
ϼûʲô˵ƣҲûл񣬿粻书ƽգ״Ԫ¥ȾƳԷ
ǱּҾӪˮʹòƽױ˺ԣ״Ԫ¥ȴСźš
¥ƹּҵһˣȻ򴨹мӣͽúܣյƽʵס
УǶ¥һλӣӵĳֱߣſӳԲˡ
Աߣһ׷ͯգɫ󣬾ʮ㣬һͷںڣϺƣΨһ˫۾͸ŲɣŲϡ
ңм䣬ƽͨ򴨶ʱЩƣ˲С
򴨶磬һСܲ͵׽֨֨졣
¶ЦݣλԹ˴⣬ϲĻǼҳִܲ壬ˬ죬һܴθڡ
΢۾ܲ࣬ߺȻһЦ
ƽǰɣ°ƳԳ

ŤͷȥüͷǰվһˣԼжʮ꣬üۣȣüӢ˲
ԳתͷԱߣҡҡͷ
ԳǺЦƽɵĽһҪһ
Цһ£ˣһ˵ģֱӵսȻҪԼļ
ˣһʹȫͶȡɣűʵȥһЩģЩ߰ģ
ڰ֣ˣ
ǣذɣｻˡ׷ͯյҴ
ţһ򴨵ͷ¿ҡҡͷҪߣԳȴһǰ
ɫһȻû뵽һ͵Ϯ˵ԼҪС
ҪߣԳЦеĵ
һģֻѰ潣򴨵Զ
ȴЦſˣ
ҡͷûйİ˶֣һøȥ⹦򻹲أ
ԳЦЦ˵˵ȥǲҸҶˣ
Ц٣ǰɣЩˣһΪ˳伫ƫƫһֱɵķӣٺ٣һϾͳˣȷʵɣ
ԳЦЦҡͷ²ֻĽƽˣŲܳȫ
ø˵ϽÿȨû㡣򴨰ڰ֣ͷߵ
Գγ˿ֻֽˣ
ιСӣլʺ񣬲һʶαôҲʹ죬ȥգ׷ͯյǰԳǰپȥĪϷ飡
ԳЦŶĪҪָ̣
ЦЦͷúãҵҪʲôУŽ֣ȹһأ

˵ֱӰνʣƽƽһգ
ԳЦǾˣ
̳һһ佣ǰѨһ㣬
мһֱ֪ûУһһüëתͷһ߶һۡ
Ҳüҡҡͷ
ԳĽһûʮĹʹóƫƫһˡ
˿˵ǾģȻҪ̿򣬵ͬҪ
еһ书ʮ꣬еһ꣬ʵĲʱþˣҲ˾
ԳƵú׷ͯյ߲ͣˣû뵽ᣬȴ㾫Ľһʱ֮侹ûл֮
ԳĽһһ಻ѩһ㣬һǿһڶЮŵһͣĵӣǿ
˺ĽԽԽ죬ԽԽòܱӣֻܱâһ·ߣֻܺˡ
뵲ߵĺ·ֻܸźˣԱ߱ܿһԳ
룬ܿߡ
˸ǣ׷ͯյһˣܿ˵֮ˣǰãã޴֣ɲˡ
֮ʱȻһĽΪһ̫׹أ򴨴ȥ
ߣһУƣü͸ŲɣߺȻһڽ֮ǰӽ̳
һ죬ཻ
غˣ类޴ľͷУֱֱײһϣꡱķѣľͷϡ
ûˣûзˣľͷϣȴûֱһԾٴԳ
ԳһЦƣӽٴδ̳
һ죬ٴη˳ȥѹһӡ

ס֣ŭڰν̳˲䵽ĽλãҪС
һƮƮûзִӺͷ̹͵ϮΧֵǶʱһѺ
ԳκȻһƽƽһߣܿ⣬ŤͷЦоɲ󣡡
ٷϻʲôжʹգüߵ
ԳһЦǺãͳһգ
Ȼ͵һԾڿһֱֱһ׺գǧ
ߣЦӭȥ
Ǳ䣬ڶת۹㽻ʮŽ
ʮ˺ؿڣĵԳ
Գ΢΢һЦţˣ
õ򴨵ĳζ罣ȪˮλΣ˸˸һ֪Ǳ
ýȻҿӿѪ
ϿտգѾԳȥؿһ
ţæǰס
Գ΢΢һЦˣƽˣʧǣ
˵գһὣײ˴ֱӴӴȥתʧҹУӰ١
һԳ˶һۣȴûȥ׷ϣæ򴨼ƮƮڵĻشñȥ
شйҽ˫ҽβоȡ


566 
ҽ˫򴨵أҽҽκѾûʲô󰭣ֻҪúþ֣ܶҶҪԴϢ
򴨱̧ŻصƽɣɵԼϣǰվߣɫ䣬ɢɭɭȻṦģס
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Ʋأֻˣ³Ѫַ˹ҽ鵤ҩѾûʲô󰭣Ҳ農
ƹͨ硣
׷ͯյ̾˿ţܡ
ͷţڰִĻϣֲ㣬Գʵѧղ̫ǿ
ԳԳü̧ͷǿ˵
߶ҡͷ׷ͯյߵƳǱ߾ȸ֣̳İɣ
ɫһĬȻ
ԭ̳ϵǳңȻͬΪּӵܣһǵףһλȻͬ
ֲǸģʱûͻ˸ⲻһ̳ˣˡ
һҡͷЦ̶ˮ㣡
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է䣬˶ʱһĿɿӼ£ͷ򴨵ɫһȥ
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ߵǺСŵǴ񣬿ЩûûϢģҲû˰ɣгʢ˥ɣ˼ǣϲụ֮̂
ٺ٣Цҡͷѡ

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Ťͷʣûɣ
˽ҡͷЦǻ֪һּ˽֣֣ȥ׷ɱǺСһӣأٺ٣
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ȷʵţ϶˻ҧּҸƣҲûô࣬ɳһ֣һˡ
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Щˣһ˶Ըһٶ֣ǣϾ֣һҲвסǵһǧʯѹͷ
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ҡͷ̾ϢΣʹλףϾģ˵ĻãԼżȴΪ
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ڶ峿ʱվ˼ˣкǼ̳㱨
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ÿһ¶һ˸ÿ춼Ҫ򴨻㱨һչڣ±ع׵ζ
˵Ļ㱨Ȼ˵˼ָʾȻڰ֣£ֻһˡ
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ģʲô£Լȴ̽ǿĪĳ裬صʧְԼҲ䵱̳
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о༸ҲһˣҲ࣬Ĭʱࡣ
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뵽Գ书Щͣ˽˹ԼһͻڹˣֲʧԼҲòȻڷ̿ࡣ
ͣȴ̿ƽǲҲɵĸŬ͵մá

ĽϣĿ微Щġ
ðѾ죬û¶ʲôţɻȴû뵽Ѿ˰򴨷Ǳ򴨡
Ľݸİ磬Գ򴨣򴨻ĸں棬Ǳ¡
ϢΧΪһ壬ʹôҲû˷ͨ˵˼˴ŵ˽⡣
֮͵͵ס򴨣ȻǱƽɣ䰲ٵһСԺȴûк
ȻǱƽɣ򴨡
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ߣּ֪鱨ٽȥ̽Ҳࡣ
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ĽΩΩФ˼棬װ齣˹룬ҲϢͨѽ


567 
ĽݣãƣǺС㹻Լˡ
£ĸ̳ߣɢɭɭ
Ľǽһǰּҡ
ǰ˻ûã˵òأ鷳Ľľ࣬ˮǿʼʱãۼų˹ҽҩָܿ죬Ҫָ֮ʣȻٴμء
˷ΣٲСһֱ˹ˣҴ⡣
Ľƽɣתͷһۣ峿£деһƬլԺϢ
ҡͷ̾һˣΪκ£һζ书ԭ׵ǿ书ǰһָܴơ
ƽ˵䲻һҲɣԼǰȴ޷֮Ūָ֮䡣
֣յ书
һԲƾվңпľͷֱֱĽתָϡ
ĽתͷһˣҡͷЦЦ
滤գһ쵽ʲô鲻ܣֻ֪ʹʱתķʺãȫǿ̿µĶǿ๦
ˣĽĻ壬ԭҲˣƽʱһ㲻ָʹǣƾ
ˣòǣĽҲһ㿼ǣרע书ϸڲע⣬ҲᷢԼ˵ᷢ
ָλڳģ˴߳еĶߣȺַ̣˿ѷƳǡ
һǰʯʨ߸վʿһ嵶һ彣ī̾װžӡ
ɨĽһۣ΢΢ͷûһŷˣæһСܽȥͨ
Ľɨһ۴ţЩ¾ɣ͸µĲɣһ֮ңǼҵ䣬ûл֮

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Ľװɨɨԥĵ̨׽˴һߣͷһ̵롣
һϮֲݣò񳣬ƳƮƮɷ֮ʣʵ
Ľһ֪ǰλּҵļ֪΢ˡ
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ЦЦʲôûģʰСǺС˰ɣ
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ʺԸ񣬶ҿǿʹŭҲǿѹƣɫպѰ
֪΢£ȻԿ̫Цһ۱ܿĽ򴨹ˡ
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㿴ʲôˣ֪΢׼ҡ
Ľͷڿ˼˵˰׷ۣڵƹԵЩʵ
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ĽһֱŪ׵ľǵڣʲôУܲ
ǼȻѣʹĲǺСҲĪˣĽֵġ
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ĽæǼǺСӵûмҾһᣬ˶ԶﴫǺСˣôһε׷ɱأ
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ĽЦЦ󲮣ǵӶͣ
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ݵö£Ѿ֪΢ɫ͵һ֣ˣ֪ǳ

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ĸ룬ּʵۣڳû˸ҶּҵˣһεԳûӰǱּҰʰˡ
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ǰ֪΢ӣҡͷûԭԼչ棬ȴǳˣһˣɳĸ׷ɱ¶Ҵ֮
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ָֻҪķν֮ǺСشķ˲֪Ҳѧᡣ

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Ӣһ֮漴ȻһͷּЩչ׳粻һ󻼲СĳˣǸױ̵Ϣ˳ȥЩ˻ûҡ
ּҿǿ󣬵һ׷ɱǺСĵȴ˽ǣּҺųƸƣȴ࣬ǺСɱ˲٣ʵʧ٣ӦȺħ衣
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˼רעģȴĶȻһȣӿ굽ĳ嶯ʱգ޵޹ת
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ּµѪĽѵ;ոʤ֣һմ鷳壬һ;ּˡ
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Ӣ˵һ뵡ȻˣһͷҪϢһ£׼ϵΡ
Ľ˯һʱɫѰ¹Ӵսڹʡ
һ˿Ѿָ˴룬ԶˣĻָٶȷʵˣղ֮
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ĽԿЦԼôصˣҲˣûܷףʲôʱġ
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İգҶġӢظ
ĽͷǺãܲܰѶᵹͿһˣ

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ϥʼͼУͼָƣ֪Уʱš
֪˶ãĺȻһΣѹֱ棬˿ˣȴף¡
Ľۣɫ࣬Ųء
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ˣףµ
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˵˵ףæĴߴ٣֮

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572 ɱ
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һᣬһī̳࣬СΪ磬һƬء
ĽףСϣΧ̫ԽԽߣԽԽŨ
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Ľ²ŶʯֶУҡҡͷڳС
ףµףұĸֿ쵽ˣΰǣ
Ľתˣǵ书Σ
ɳǿĸ֣λϲࡣףµ
ĽЦЦлˡ
ףµ˵ǹؼʱ򣬲дҪСģʵڲɾԱƽڣ˭Ҳκβ㡣
Ľͷҡҡͷ
ԭ򴨣⣬֮Ӣ׽Ҳû򱱣μλֲͷϵģ翴֣˭ϼλӾͿ˭
ɣƽɳ˭ҲκβãҪ£ΪóȻԸ
ѱѺӢϣһӢλΪǻرƽɱȻʵ
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ף糺죬绨
˴ӳ׵һֱս״̬һ㣬Ҳһ£Ҳֵˡ
һĽˣȻ˺ͽ˼չˣû뵽ɷ꣬Լɫ绻һˡ
ȻЩţ֪ΣɬԣŮ黳
ǿɬ磬ҲףΪηҪͼᣬβ⿴֣˭һ

ĽҡҡͷˣǱ߲Ը˼кùӳԣ
ƽɵţǲϲҲκβѽּӵܲͬеġףµϺʧ
ĽЦһ£ҹֻǰˣܵģʹңֻҪʩСƣƽɾ͵óԲ˶ߡ
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ĽȻһת뿪С£涵֦ųγĺ棬̾ϢһÿѣһʱûкȴҪ¡
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ĽЦŵͷã֪ˡ

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ĽЦҾͲȥˣȥһ˵ȥɱ磬ҪֻŻŻͳɡ
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ͷˣݣèϢĽǰ꣬һŮӡ

ţ˱ȭ˫޹⣬̫Ѩ߹ģ·СңȻΪ
˫۾ĿʵʣòФҲȭһ񣺡š
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ŮˣĿ񣬴һĽ𣿡
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Ľ֣̾ˣǳȥ˵ɡ
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˵ͷתߣ˵һˣȻתĽ֣վһô¡
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˵ա˵
Ľֽʹһǿ
˵Եȡ
˵ջΪһĨʧתֳ֣˱īֽ⣬̨ѾһЩˮ
ĽԵͷɵṦȷʵ˵ãٿǵΪ䲻ǿǾͨһŴ̼ǱʩչΪǿıǾˣóһ֮ʤ
ԭǷס˵ĴɱдˣҲΪ֮һ
һʯͷԣɶ׵īܿŪãĽֽ̺ȻȼʣһФ

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˵ͷջĿ⣬ĽֽһǣһһǡôֽΪĩƮߡ
Ľִӻͳһŵݹȥͳӹأõʱ̤һ̡
˵ͷʾףһ˵ŷİգͽˣ
Ľִӻͳһѩ״ƿݹȥǷ굤һһţɱǧҪǿǵҪö࣡
˽ӹͷлţ
Ľڰ֣ܳɹڷһˣȥּҵ̣ܵƥֽӦ߽ɽ˴·Ҫ׻ɽȡ
ס˵ͷ
ĽǧҪ̰һˣɽڲûգ
ЦѾ˵һˣ֪͵İգ
ĽʧЦЦ⼸Ҳʲô£ȥҡ
ǡ˵ͷ
Ľ룬ûʲôҪ˵ˣͷת뿪ˡ
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ף´ϲͲĽˣĽͽ֮λᣬһֱͬ
Ľչأƣκˣʮ죬˵֮λѾ䶨ˡ
֮һϢ䶯ȫǣּҶ¥̸۵޲Ϣ
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573 ƺ
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ʱ֣̤ңһµף£վǰСϣʻţ浾ˮ
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Ľüͷһʲô£
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šĽб㺮⣬Ѿˣ
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굤ּҶеҩν棬޻׹֮ЧֻҪһܱס
Ľü˭ɱģ
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ǰǾҲôɣϺͿˡӢҡҡͷ̾ϢҲǽ£Ǵ˳أҰľͿʼˣǺСǡ

Ľ磬ҲСģʽҪɱּӵܡ
ţҾͶ㵽ˡӢͷЦνˣ
Ľҡҡͷ书ߣ봳Ҳѡ
һûв֮ˣӢߵ
ĽЦڸͺãܴͣܲɣǷܰΣ
ָȥûʣӹϣռȴ㣬ϳΪأһЩֶָġ
һԺӣһأһ飬ټӣһ˽ȥֱ·
Ӣ¶һ˿ЦڸҲȴ±ˣ
ĽĬȻκֻ̾ǵӣ֮λĪ粻ġ
ߣϴ㲻֪ӢƲƲ죬ЦϲǨŭˣ϶׼ͷϣ
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ģ㵷ʲôңҵ㰡ӢС
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ĽţȥǣȻȥָ

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ĽлȻǰˣصأܲõ
ת˼Ȧˣŵ˶ߵɽȡ
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ĽֱƮڵӣﶫһŴһŴ߸һ̴Ůӣһӻһ°ò毺ãʱȻ˶
šŮ֣æĨһ۽
Ľڰ󴲱ߣӱ֣̽̽ɹȥһȻ̽
ƶأз굤һˡ
ӻͳһƿź͵ȻݸŮҩţ֮ٷһ衣
ǣлšŮӽӹˡ
Ľѥӣһָ󣺡
ŮæɣĽѾʱЮһܽ
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Ľʩչ˿غ֮ѹ˶˳ȥֻĽˡ
̾Ϣһҡͷţܣûܰɡ
ĽЦһ£Ѿˣûǣһ̿ûô׵֡
û뵽˵Ļҡͷ
ĽЦֶӣȻоֻ֣ӳٺò
ԭֶӡ˻ȻȴûԾʮֱӳ㱻ģԼҲޡ
ţ˲ǡ˵˰䣬ֱӱһ£ס죬˵˵
ҡҡͷǡ
ĽЦЦǣĪ˵ȥ
˿Цͷʾס

Ľ뿪ɽȺָȥҪһǣû뵽һţû߼һӢлӭ
硣Ľȭ¶΢Ц
ȴָϴ󡪡ϣǵĳأλȨأִһ֮Ȼ
´Ľۣ¶һ˿Ц⣺ĵܣ˵˵ڿɺˣ
ĽͷǰչˣѾûдˡ
ףǾͺãϧ㲻ܼһ档
Ľ¶飺磬ôᡭһֱţҪۿС
ܸ̾Ҳ̫ˣǻŵҪǱɣ
Ľͷϵһ¼λӡ
ɣĽʡ


574 
תߣһ㶣ͣת
Ľͷ㲻ּҵˣûʸֻǵӣѡˡ
Цһ£ôּҵˣ
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ϵĵΣ
Ľһ£ЦĪ˵Ц
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ӢҲֻǼһѻ𣬷ӢһʤûУӸ࣬ȷʵʺġ
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Ľдڣмλϣ
ϳͷУԲ˳λҲɣģּҲͲԶˣ

ĽüƬ̣öΣ縨һʧ
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˵ʲôûĵһۣߵɣ񲻳ŪȨ֮Ĳ
Ľͷ΢תȻı⣬ȴֱӴӦֻǵͷɫ仯
İգһú˵ϵ
Ľ̾˿磬ʵڲԸ֧ƽѾóˣġ
Цּұǽɸ׹ܣ£ֻҪøͳɣм֡
Ľҡҡͷ󲮲׿ԶԶġ
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Ľ磬һ׼ûУȻȥһ롣
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һߣ׼أ΢ڴŲۣһƾâ䡣
ĽһݣΪ
塣ϱȭЦɵúܣҸߣĵܹ
򴨣֡

Ľ˽ǰȭЦ壬ҪǸѼϼܣʵΪˡ
һ֣ٸҼʵģҾͲ㲻
ĽεЦЦ쿴Ƕ֪磬˼ϣ֪΢ͬС֪΢꣬ȴԵøϡ
ĽԸ̾ΪԶʤ֪΢ʤ޷һŵǶ֡
֪´һۣ׵õǰ㾫ˣҲƣ˵ȷʵһ
Ȩƣƽɵһۣ֮˸棬νһӦ⡣
ּҼȨƸּƴһ֮ƽŲͬն
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ٷϻҲּҵĺӣ֪һִ֣ߵǲɵģһζݳ£ǸܼӣϴǸԣֻſã
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֪գϣȥ֪һǣٰ
ǡϵͷĽЦһ£ת뿪ˡ
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Ľǡ
֪üڴɱ磬϶ˣô
Ľ룬Ӱȥ٣ּѪ𣬿ʽҪּҵġ
š֪ͷ
ĽɱңҰʤֻܶЩûбķӡ
֪̾˿˷ɵǷ켫϶嶼һܡ
ĽЦЦһˣûʲô
ãּж֪縧̾

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ܶùɱ֪ߵ
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֪ŵû⽣˵ɺ꽣Ҫ󼫸ߣؽⲻʽʮʽȴܻΪʽԽߵԽǿʩչûʲôƽ
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Ľ֮۸ⶫȷʵֹΪˣһһʽĪЮȴŶԷⶫֲڷ֮Ųڣȴֹܱܿȭͷ
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˵Ľѧ죬ھŹ֣һԿ
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ĽǹһУʾһǵھ
˪ȻһĳͻأѸݣ˷Ӧʱ䣬Ľͬһˣһߣƺն
˪žһ죬ƽһһĽ죬޷Զ
˪һۣ˫ƷֿĽתһȦеˣ΢΢Ц
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Ľֽ֪ǵо͸ˣ䲻֪ǵķȴģ˾Ųʮ
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ĽֱںּˣεˣЪһЪɺ꽣ں
򴨻ڰɣ˪װûоԶ棬
Ľͷڡ
˪ּҲûʲôˣؾͲذɡ
ĽֱʲôҲ
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ĽЦһ£ңðˣЩ˵˵֮㷢𡣡
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Ľɫһ䣬һͤվͤ鴽һХ
Хէ䣬ճҵԽԽͷӥ£ĽϿգȻȶٶ֮һ
ĽƮͷӥһһСճ䵽첲ϣֻ۾ڱʯȣ۱ˡ
ǰյĽϲ˲䣬͸ȡ


579 ɽ
һӲͷӥģǴһȦøչ첲ӵû仯
仯ʹǵķٶȸ죬
ĽӴӥצһĴָСܣһֽܣ̯һؼ㣬д˼֡
Ľɫ΢䣬һ첲ӥƮһɸߣڿչᣬ˳ƶʮɸ߿գ
ĽŤͷ˪վߣƮƮҲƮУƢ
Ľüɫ
˪Ƿʲô£
ĽصĵͷҪмһֱ˵ס
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ĽҡͷǻϹ˼ǲˣ㲻Ҿͺá
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Ľһۣ鴽ХһԾ
嵽ˣҪ֮ʣӥסӥ³һ£ʷɣԽԽߣͤһСڵ㡣

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ȻԸˣǱ˵Ȩ֪ɣ
СͷüѽΪʲôԸǲ˵أʲôֵñܵģ
еӱǣô˼ûһۡ
СʦеԾأǲǺʦ㣿Сתˮ
ˮüͷе
˶Ůһۣ飬ȻǾװͿˣ
ðɡС᲻ĵ̾
ˮ΢ЦСʦܵͷӥ濥
ѽСʱüЦ˫۷Ź⣺СʦܻһҪһһûӥأ
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СһЦݱЩȻ
ˮƳһۣЦҡҡͷСᵨСվڸߴȱ㷢̱һ㡣
ʦ㣬治ǺˣС
ˮЦСṥҪŮʱֳһţЦ

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һ֮ǰӥǿȴ´ࡣ
һķӥõǴܾѧ·ӣߵǶһѧ֫ǵķó
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ÿȶһ£ٶȶһ֣ӥٶ죬䲻Ṧʤڲѭ·У̾롣
ĺɫӿ콥Խ䣬ĽһĶãʩչԪӰٻӿ롣
һһӥڣƣͣǿ
ƹһһ㣬һյһյ͵ƣһӣƳϣ䣬гȻ֮С
ڣճһ£Բ̣覣ɢԣճҹգȺʧɫ
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ȻһۣѪӿ糱ˮӿǰֳһ׵ӣһ˫룬޷԰ΣξУ޲
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Ҫ䵽֮ʣ˫ֻ죬֮ٴһﰴֻ򣬸帡
ٶԽԽԽԽƮƮ䵽ϣ֦΢һ£漴ʧʮ֮⡣
һһ˸ÿνڰ֮⣬ټ֣ת۹ѾӹȻӹһӣһɽٶԽԽ졣
һʩչӰ֮һʩչԴԴ֧ŷɿٶȡ
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ļ٣ХһɽϼۣʩչṦıܣٶȼ죬һɽ
Хһ䣬Ѿ̨ϣͷһŮò毺ãķӯԶԶĽһ£еʦ֣
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Ľ̨ת˶ߵŮԺ£÷СԺ°̾÷˲ѣˡ
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Ů죬æתͷʱɴſĽæָϣʾ
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ĽŮǿЦһ£תͷŮʦ̫ɫ㲲ˣĽۣ޲§ﰲοһ
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ļ룬ղðŮݹ·𻨶ˮ
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Ľȴüͷͨʩչ֮÷һΣãϡ
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ŭĽؿڷڣתΪɱڿһ±ɭ䣬·˱ѡ
תͷĽѹɱ֮Ǿ÷̫أʹ컯Ҳֻݱס


580 ˵
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÷ӣЦЦлʦ塣
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΢תͷһ˫˫ӶŹâˡ
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Сӣڿϻˣʦ̫´ŭݺһۡ
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ĽЦʦҲƽףλʦó
ģʦ̫΢С
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ʦ̫һڣ㻹ǳˣ
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ʦ̫÷ΣŶĽȥȥŮҵĻʲô
Ľ˳ߣŤͷ˿÷÷߲ģ֡

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εüãȴ׽ļˣʦ̫ţ÷СԲҲó
˵ֻվһʱȻ¶һɶصϢܸо밮
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ʦ̫Ҫ˵´֪۽ն˿ݵòΣѽҲҪѧѧ
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֨Ŵ򿪣ʦ̫ɮƮȻæӭȥʦ
ʦ̫һۣǱӣȥϴϴң
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ĽͷҹûۣûԷ
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ĽͷСԲЦİգҿʦ飬Ҫġ
Ľ˿ֿƣҡҡͷ
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ĽЦһ£Ҫġ
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ĽЦȥϴȥʦ˵ٺúһġ
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Ľ򣺡֪СԲҲ
СԲüЦҡҡͷĽתͷЦƣˣ̫̿ˡ
¶һ˿Ц⣬ͷ

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ĿһһɨշŮϣоһ¸оŮЩû˾
̧ͷۣ̾ʦ˲׺񽣣
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ʦָ̫һǰţߵò׺񽣣ڼ
ĽৡĳһǰһԶᵽϵĵ̴̴ꡣ
ᵽÿŮÿŮ˶жԵϢʹ۾Ҳͨ˭
ʦ˭Ľʡ
ʦ̫üҿǴˣһǶġ
Ľüٿǰ˳Ƴȭʦ̫Ƶסȭཻһžһ졣
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ԩ·խˣʦ̫Цһ¡
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Ľ÷һżǱķţû뵽ˣôصˣǷ¡
컯ӣɼʱս֮ҡ
뵽ȥˣŭӿڣͣϣؿڳ嵴ụ̀ɱȴʹΧ䣬ȡ
ԹĵҪ
ѡʦ̫ҡҡͷ̾ѧԶʤǣҪ֮ѣպ˵ա
Ľüѵˣ
ʦ̫ʵãֻŬ̸ͽǷգ
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ʦĽûʦ
ʦֵ̫ˣôɱɱõ𣬡Ȳ˵Ȱκ˵


581 
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Цģʦ̫һۣûĵǷᣬûһö
ĽæǺǵ÷ʦǴӦˡ
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ĽЦеģҲָ˿˿ģһ㣬ֺõЦлʦʦ˵˵컯һɡ
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Ľ棬ʱͷ룬ǺЦʦҲŮģ֣֮һѹסģҶҲûãǲǣ
ʦ̫мЦڣ£ƣСԲһǲò˫ȫǣ㻹Ҫմǲݣ̫̰ģʦҲˣСӣ
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ʦ̫ߵ˵ԣҲŮˣм֪ˣ
ĽͷԹ԰ѵһԲ
˵˵мʦ̫Źʵ
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ĽЦЦͷ顣

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ĽķͼƬˣںʱϵΣͼ٣һ˿
治ɫʦ̫İԼԲ漴룬쵰ͽܾ̣ͼȻûʲô
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ΣȴǿԳţ֮ˡ
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ûĵߣԸˣһҲûָܸ㣬ԼĦɡ
ǰסĽ죬Ḷ̌ͽΣСӵԶʤԼʦģ
ĽЦЦһ۰ۣһЦȻǿ͸˼ߵϽ
ĽϴЦǡ
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ƬУòûʲô仯һ֮ˡ
еСͤ£Ľ˲裬һϸƷһ˵л
ĽһڣյǲŲҶĵʣʦ棬һζǲ׺ɽΪʲô
һĪ֣֮ͳ͢ЩҲ֪ʲôԵģǴ˽
Ľǲ׺ɽ붫ûʲôϸɣ
ûСҡͷ
ĽʣҲˣ
ҡҡͷ֪ûУֻǵù
Ľ²յĺӣˣǲԵ޹ʵǲ׺ɽֲǷӣ
Ҳ˺ܾãһֱ벻ͨüһʲôԵʣǵķ
ķĽüͷһȻǵ书һ·ǲ׺Ҳˮ

Ľ룬ʦ棬ȥ
Сҡͷ
ĽŪˣʵڲģǧշĵ
ͺߵΪҵĺ԰ȥȥǴ˶ԣ̶Ѩ
Ľ̶ѨҲҪһ
ͺߵСӣһ书˶㲻ʲô
Ľ΢Цʦ棬ǺСѧ˵£뼸˽֡
ȻУƮСͤյƮϣվյϡ
Ľ²յһǰʣ콣ϯ
һû޹⽣ñʶݣص׺ɽٴ
ͳ磬ȴȭͷдƮ˳ߣν
˽Ľɺ꽣಻֩֯ʮ֮ܵĽУ类ϸ߲סˡ
ֹʮУĽƮˣʣЦʦ棬ã
СӣȻĽ˼´ǺСľѧ
Ľҡͷּҵɺ꽣
Ũڵüëһɺ꽣Ŵ˵ֻмܹ
ĽЦһһԵɺϣѧˣǺСѧǶʤ׽һ
͵ͷţ׽㵹ȥߡ
лʦ棬ʦͷʦ˵һ˵ˡĽϲ
ʦѽҲ̫Žˣͺߵ
Ľ컯Ħ͸֮ڵҹ÷ˡ
˺˫ޣԪԪӿ֮ʣһ˿˿÷޸壬ָԪ
еĴ컣˵Ҳ
ºĽ§÷˯˫Ƹһ壬ż꣬˿˿ϣ塣

峿ڴϣӳڣĽ˳ưִȥȻۣ߿տҲ
𣬽˳»¶ϰȳƣûļ⣬Աűը
֮۸÷һϮװԺ÷ƥݡ
Ľ۲÷ɫӨ͸ź󣬼תһӨ⣬ݹ
ڵˣģ
Ľ¶Цݣڷͷʯͷ
һ齣ƿţʱȥ÷תˣ
󷽣ȴˡ
˺˰ɣĽ΢Ц
š÷ףЩ߰ɣȻСԲҪˣ
ĽЦǹ£ΪҪߣ
÷һۣǿˣ
ĽЦʲôûɣϿǴӦ˵ģҪ޸ҡ
÷ҡҡͷͷѽʣҲǵˣҲ˰ɣ͵ʲôûʲôû
ĽĪҪڣ
Ҳ±Ȣң÷̧ͷա
Ľôɱˣ
÷ƵᣬԽȻлң¾͵һΰգ촩߰ɣĪСԲƿġ
Ľü
÷ָһޣĮɨһۣŤųȥˡ
Ľ̺ӣҡҡͷŮĺ룬أ


582 
룬ˣҡͷʧЦ÷ĸСĻ˼룬һǲͬġ
ʹԼҲСԲһˮԼԼϣԲ
޸Լвһ㣬ĸܸġ
ĽЦЦ÷Լϲ÷ߣ־ǻ۳ˡ
СԲһԺĽ΢Ц˯ۣɴ۾
СԲָ˯ۣԳԵտȻ㡭㡭
ĽתͷЦô͹ˣ
Ҳɵﲨ
СԲԳԵ˯˯
Ľͷš
СأСԲһĭʡ
ĽҲߡ
СԲӵɵø󣺡˯һˣ
ĽЦŵͷǡ
СԲתͷƣѪɫʣȻˣͷ
Ľ̾컯һ˫޷ȷʵǿ
ŮҪԣǰȥףʱȥǻܡ
ֱ棬˾죬ԽԽɣף˵øԶԼ䲻ϰ
ŮЦЦ÷ʦȥˣҿ
תݣʱŮѲĽ֮۸ѰѵһƬ֡
Ƭλɽλãλúأм俪һյأԱ߻˼÷
÷ԣŮһ˵÷ɫ糺죬ȻǿЦСԲȴûʲôЦͣ
ģĽۣȴǿŲȥȥ޼
޼Уʦ̫¶ڣ˸һϣ˫ִ㣬һ˴һֻһ
ĽĿɨһۣӨʢ

ߵʦ̫ƴģܸоỬ뵯ԡ
ϸڣʦ̫һ˫ƵŵɢӨ⣬Խ
ĽԶʤʦ̫֮ƣ԰ע롣
ʦֻ̫Ȫע룬ǿᣬᶨƵض·ߣԼơ
ע뵤ںϣΪԼ˿ûвӲ֮Уָ⡣
ŻʤھעٶԽʤٶȣԽԽʵƲʱӿ룬˿ûֹ֮ͣ񣬵ԽԽǡ
֪ԼĵĽһҪʲôܾҲˣݲ÷ģǽ̨ע
ӿ룬ԽԽ࣬ˮעУһӺʼ磬ȥߺȻĽ˳Ȼ̨մһ
ʦ̫ԥɢȥǣ֮⣬ᣬƾȻγһϢ
Ϣ£ᴩ׻ϢһЩȶԼϣβ̣ţϣż׵أ
һؿ̷ǳ˨ӿȴ֮⣬ÿһײк¡¡죬紺ǰһ󷢺ڣðǣʱҪʹȥһ㣬̲ס
ǡʱĽ·𴩹谭У˳Ȼ̨׵߳Ƥң
ʣȶ꣬ʦ̫鲻ԽİֻһƬ
䡪һ죬ͷըǧëȻͨ
ˮй̣˲ӿͷٻᣬһϢ£עٻᣬ˫ۣգ촽䵽̴С
̴һΪһ뵤뵤ںϣٴ£β̣أ£ѭ

ʦ̫ɫɮ۹ǣûһΪʵʣͷһ䣬䣬ӽһ֣ǡϡ
ĽѾ˺ɣһۿ¶Ľ飬˵ڰ˲㣡
ѵĵڰ˲㾹ʦˣӴ˼ձ̹;ȥɲԶӣ
޷Ҳѣǵڰ˲ѳɣ˶ֹڴˣŬ޹
̤ϵڰ˲㣬ھŲˮ֮Ѷȡ
ɺͨ쳹֮û˵ɣû뵽Լܹ֤ʦ漣
Ľ΢۾оʦ̫Ϊڲͣÿһ죬һ֣һ֡
֮ԼϹ
ɫȥʵʱãʦ̫Ʈϣһ˫ĿĽϡ
ϲãζ֮ͨɣԸʵ֣ⲻһȴԼϡ
ȻһЦٻţݹƺճ
СӣþΪһ
̧첲ʳָĽһ㣬ͣһХƺһƬ
ʦĽЦƽƽһƣƵ;󻮻˳ұһ
žһ죬ʯһСӡ
ĽЦָ
ʦ̫ջָСӣȻЦò׺ˣСӣʦռˣ
ĽЦʦҼ
˼Ҷǵռʦıˣʦȴˣʦ̫Ц绨һʮꡣ
Ө⣬һ㡣

ϲʦ΢Ц
ʦ̫Ц£Ҳ˵ģտȻڣ
ƳһĽȴȥЦݡ
ʦ̫ЦеʣտȻѾͷ˰ɣЧΣ
ĽЦŵͷ컯ȷʵ÷ʦѾȬ
÷ȬҲټĺôķһֱͣͲǰĽղ񹦽һ㣬ѪɣĲΡ
Σؿ徭ν̥ǣëϴ裬ıʲ¡
ʦ̫ĪЦЦӦ޸ˣ
Ľҡҡͷˣ
ôˣǽˣôᷴڣǲ˼Ҳãŭʦ̫ЦݣüŮʱвһ˼ң
Ľҡҡͷ̾˿ǰɡ
ʦ̫ȥš첲СӣǸô򣡡
Ľæ⣬ܹһš
ʦ̫һ֣룬ȥȰȰ
ĽЩ²ͷʦˡ
ʦ̫бһۣСӣʱ뵽ЩˣҲǸС۵ģһӾͺˣ
Ľͷ
ޱ飬ڷ
ʦ̫ƳģҡͷݺһĽĽ¶һ˿Ц
µ˼ѾףҪ۽ն˿ĽҲ԰Բȥǿ
¾棬ʹҲԣĽװʲôҲûһʦܡ
ܸо絶ʵʹȴǿԿƲȥοݣʹʹ
ﲻ֪ðˣ˸˼˵
ιʦ̫һտȻһô죬ɽ
ĽʦĻǺС

ʦ̫üһ
Ľæĺ칬һطˣȥչһӡ
ôˣʦ̫üʡ
Ľʦ֮ͨţܸܵΧɣ
ʦ̫ĬƬ̣ȻһʧˣֻʣˣһĶ񿴡
Ľһʦ㣬ˡ
Ťͷ俴һ
ЦһҵҪϲʦܣ˹飡
ĽЦЦлʦ㡣
һŬѹסӵĲҧĽĽ΢ЦԣӭĿ⣬˵Ŀ⽺һһ˲˲
ιվһԲ뿪޼Ų΢ǡ
ĽöһԲĿ뿪۵ͬʱһ˿Ŀ⣬۽ն˿ҪĻ۽
ǰһʦ̫ߵôˣ
Ľҡҡͷ˵
ʦ̫Ȼ֮˵ðգȥչһӣҪḬ̄飡
Ľʰ飬ǿЦ֪
Ӳ˾Ҫߣʦ̫̾˿
ĽʦôɣҲҵļң
Щ˵Ʒһ֪˶һ˶Ļϵüңʦ̫һۡ
Ľæÿ»һˡ
⻹࣡ʦ̫¶Цݡ
ĽЦЦÿ»һεѣӥϢû˻ᷢ
Ȼɫһüͷ
ôˣʦ̫ʡ
ĽʦɽµĵǳɣҸоΣٽǰÿ죡
ãʦ̫ͷ
֪ӷΪܹͨԤеΣգУޡ

ʦ̫ʣжΣգ
ӦǾּ٣õǳ˵Ľ
ʦ̫ٶʣİƣһŮƮţ
졣ʦ̫
ǡŮͷƮ˳
žžİƣһŮ룬Ըȥ¹
ǡŮӦһ˳
Ȼݣڿɢ쳹׺ɽ
Ľ֮۸ڵһ䣬󣬷׷׷ͷɽϸϡ
ֱͨɽµ̨׶ʱӿˣŮǼһԲֻͷϣٶȷɿ졣
Ʈ½ʦʲôˣ
ټڵӵ޼¼ϣʱȻд·ˡ
ʦ̫ӻͳƵݹȥоţȥɽʮλǰɽ
ǡ˫ֽӹƣѸƳһĽ
ĽЦЦĮĿһۣתߣǲʶ
ȥĽʦȥ
ʦְ̫ϣǿʲô˵
ĽΣֻܸ
ڵǼϵٶȼ죬ת۹޼µĹ㳡վɭȻɳб
ʦ̫˴üʦ̫£ɻĿʦֻ̫˵иûж˵ĸ̨ϡ
վ븩̨£Ŀ⻺ɨˣƬ̺ſڣɽû˭׼ҳ֣
ĽյߣǶˣ
ʦ̫һǣ
Ľİɣһ˱ɱˣ
ûУֻһʦ̫
书ǿĽ
ãʦ̫һ
书˵ڰ˲㣬ʵı仯ǰʩչ׺񽣣ȴɡ
ƮʮŮӣŵ߰ͬļãˣƮ̨ϡ
׺񹦻᲻֪ıʣˮ
彣ƮƮУʦ̫ǰȭ񣺡ţ
ʦ̫񣺡λʦˡ
һŮʣŲؿʲôˣ
òƽ浾һһŶˡ
ĸ֡ʦ̫
ġŮףҡͷҪɱвųɣûûˡ
ǡʦ̫ͷ


583 ݽ
Ľ֮۸ˡ
ʦ̫¿һ̨ܿףɽ£Сߣһһϣһ̨̤ס
ĽɨһۣУߣĸ꣬˫޹⣬̫Ѩ߹غҡ
Ȼķأһѧڲͬķ辯裬ʤ
ܿƣȴЩͬ˵ĴఫСձȴ˰һͷ徫׳뾢ǿܡ
Ľ̤ǰһҲ׺ɽʩչṦ
˵ȴֱӴ˳ȥ˵ĶУֻһ͡
Ƕ֮һ̧ͷ
Ľͷʦɱţһ󣡡
ʦ̫Цһ£ͷСĵ
ĽӦˣǰһͨ
ͨͨͨ
һصڲ׺ɽƲ·ɽȵĻֻúӣȴöߺ¡¡ըס
Ľ˫ޣԽտʤˡ
Ʈ˸̨Ȼ̨һվˣЦ˰ȭŵĿ
ҲǶˣǰɺӿͷҲ̹˵ǿλײ׵տȻǿȴ֪ܲʤ֡
˵Ϣдŭ˫۱ų磬ζļӿ죬Ľ˹ȥҪһ
Ľָں󣬵˿̧ңңָˣȻһͬʱȵȲͨĪҲ
͡һХǰĿƺƣ·һѽƿ֮Ŀ
ɢָܿĽᲦʳָɭɭնŭһƻ
飡һ죬˽ĺˣɫǺ죬һƿû뵽ĽĽ

ĽĴָһΪԾԼĽޱȣѷǾܵסˣίʵˣ
۾˿ķȷʵ죬Ӧܹ壬ŵĺһ㡣
ءһָʱХ·ͻɽ
׳ָӿֱֱײһߣ߼ڣ׳ֻϧһЩ
Цųĳ͵һնȥնָ

ĽСĴָһ㣬ͣХУһָޱȵг
ڷ˳ȥߵ֣ڿзתţ䵽ԱһʯвӰ
ĽͷǹȻлСأԼĲ׺ֺȴס
áȻȲ
ôԶͻǿޣѪڣ·ԼԴ˳̲סȲʡ
Ľתͷһˣ΢Цס
ʦ̫״Ʈ̨Ľߣɨˣ߳Ǿʲôˣ
һԲĽ
ĽЦʦһͷ¶βޣˣֱ˾ǣ
ţʦ̫ͷˣԽԽã
ĽȭȻӦһǡתˣٴ֣Ĵָңңһ
æƮһ׷óָɢ
ĽЦЦõģһûָţ
˴Ц羪֮񣬿ʵڻ̲סЦ
ɫǺ죬磬ȻһԾٿһԾʮɣĽǰΧֱӳȭ
Ľʧԭأһ⣬ʩչλλָͬʱγһƬˡ

ʦ̫˫۷Ź⣬ܹʩչ׺񽣣彣γɽȴ
û뵽һԼﲻҲǿᣬܹһķΪã治һܸɵó
ңʩչĵٶȾ֮ʹԼ书Ҳֲ֧סġ
׺񽣶Ҫ󼫸ߣĵٶޱȣԼֻ֧Űжѣ֮ò¶֣Լֻ֡
ָʩƾԼֻܼʮУʵ̫ðգǹעһš
֮£ȴ治ɫ䵶˫ӦУеĳȭеĳĴ
ȭأܵסʴ˫뽣ײ£ίʵ˾졣
Ľƶл񹦣ǼΪĻ񹦣֪ղͣº档
սȴһЩ뿴ǵ汾£̽ǵʵһɵģʲô书
˸ռһλγһ󷨣֮뻮һ·һ壬ʹĽĽúܽԿ֡
Ľ׺񽣵ǿ֮£һȺΧˣѹǴ
˵ԾˣĽŪǵķһˣΪ·Ҳ㾳أʽֲΪ࣬Ϊķ졣
ǵķγɻ֮ܣԵס׺񽣵Ľ֮治Уʲô޵еģĽ̾Ϣ
ùȻ֣γƮ˽ǰһƬˡ
˷׷װγĵһߵĳѾֻֿ֣ܳȭˣһʹĸʹ
ĽĽǲ׺Žʹȴ಻ˮ٣ǲ׺ŽĽ⣬ϸ΢ֲ֮ͬ
˿ֻԼһƬأʶľɫ񼤵ַ֣׷׻ģĽĽС

Ľ࣬ٲҶ£ֱˣ಻ĽУŻͷǳ
ĽһΪ̽ǵʵһΪ˽ڵӲ׺ŽĽ⡣
׺ŽĽв㸴ӣͬʽ˽벻⣬ԶѴڵģֻԴ
ᣬ׺ŽҲǴǽǿڵӵʵһֱ۸
֪УһйȥĽĽԼزиûĽĽݻ٣Լˡ
ĽҲʩչŲ׺Ž뿴ǵֶܼãջʲôС
ִǣֳָֽʩչ׺񽣣ཻǶ֧֡
ͣһХһֱԹ۵ʦ̫Ȼ֣һָ
Уһ˳ȥĽ˳һ̣ȻȴѸޱȣ˶ʱźɳȥ
ףĽȻŤͷȥ
˵ɳȥ䵽ʯϣ˫źĽһʧǰͷ
ȴλѪȴûд󰭣Ǳ̵ģԼƵģʵ̫ˡ
Ľл񹦣ʣ˹ĽΧڵ͹ꡣ
׺ɽ˾ò˼飬ֵ̹ΪεտȻʦǰȴǲһأ


584 
׺Žмɺ꽣Ľ⣬߽ϣǲ׺Žȴɺ꽣
ɺ꽣ⲻУĽԲ׺Žܻй¶ɺ꽣
һĵǿɺ꽣׺ŽĽƣȴʤһֻþףԶԼ룬缢ƿʵĶſϸĦᡣ
ʮŮӱ˴˶һۣԷеľ죬ǶԲ׺ŽȻһͿ졣
ǲ׺Ž𣿡һŮҡͷ
Ĳ׺ŽһտȻ鴫һŮҡͷ̾Ϣתͷúѧһѧգ
Ůӷ׷׵ͷ֪ѵã˲ѧ˵׺Ž֮Ǹдࡣ
ΧĽӽ٣磬Ǳ̬֮籩꣬ĽĽ⣬·ͬˣ˽֮С
Χ֮ʣһ˷ԾĨĨɫȥ֧Ԯˣʦ̫
ʦ̫Цһ󽣾ңңһָ͡һХУ׺񽣵Ľ
һæΣƽƽƳһԶĽĽ£񹦾ȻסӰ
ʦָ̫ݺᣬвΣұܣ˫ָ
ԲָƯҫۣɢȴëȻһ˲˲ĶſɫΣָָֻܹܿƾоɣоҲˡ
ºȻʦӣ
ʦ̫ͷȻһЦתʱ̧ס֡
ͣһХըƬɢ׷ɣһȺ衣
顱һ죬Ӧ˳ȥƽƽӹʮ̨ףǱĻײһ㡣
顱ƨŵأȥƲַһͷһͷһͷ·ֹʮײͣס
ʦ̫һЦӵסָָȷʵṦҲܲ

̨һΪ군ˣȴȻһԾԾУȵ̤ء
ͷؿڣŤŭųʦ̫Ľȴû̫˺
ʦ̫üŲЩģˣ˵һǲ׺񽣽һǱݽϹǣѪ⣬ͬʱˡ
׺޼᲻ݣȴֻ˻ûˣίʵЩ˼飬ⶫ˹ȻŹ֡
˳嵽;Ȼַ˳ȥûɽ£ɽϷɣڿһѪ顱һ䵽ʦ̫ǰ
ʦ̫üӶ£ȻһŽţȻȻ
ؿһСðѪʦ̧̫ͷһ۰ΧеĽһָԼö࣡
Ľ֪л񹦣һָʮ㣬Ȼɱ
˼״ľʽԽ衣
ΪĻ񹦾סָ𶯼û˻񹦣ʵ㲻ǿᡣ
˷񹥻ͬʱ⣬ȴֲˣṦٿ죬Ҳ첻ֻܰĽʰˣ
뵽Խķ񣬲ʯٵܲĽĽֻɱˡ
ĽЦһԽ࣬ݣ˿˿ƵĲƹȥ֪֩
˱εĽʼʱãֻĽУɱֻҪɱ׺ɽвԼ
ǷӦʱγɵѾԽԽǶûÿһжҪ߾ȫʼһҪ˺ʮֱġ
˺Ȼһ˱ɢ·ըߣҪƴһеߡ
ĽһЦֻӽ̧𣬡ͣͣͣͣͣƿնȥ
ֱ׷ˣһ˻أһ֮űӣĮ̃¶ȥ

ߣһŮƮҪ׷Ľæǰ
ڴǰĽĻʶĽ书ȴͣŤͷտȻ
Ľȭǰ˴ˣһա
Ůתʦ̫ţ˵أ
տȻʦ̫
ҲաŮƮˣߡ
ʮ´Ľ¶棬ڵӸǰҲ˵һŮӵţȻˣǱˡ
ǣλʦˡʦ̫ȭл
ʮŮ΢΢һЦĽͷƮƮȥת۹򲻼Ӱӣƽʱ£ֻڹؼʱǲ׺ɽĴͳ
ʦ̫ڰ֣ɢ˰գȥúĪǲ׺ɽ棡
ǣ˺ȻӦĽͶһȻҪ뿪Ľæһ̧֡
ôˣʦ̫ʡ
˶һ٣˵
ĽЦЦұֱ˱ȭλǰ
˼žתͷǱȥдУȥڵǵСԺʱǱûˣһƬž
׺ɽžΨоݣӹ˵½Ƿ죬֮
ĽҡҡͷǰˣΪ֮Уʵڲҹάһգ
ããһЦȰӰƮգ۵Ľǰ
ݵߣֻĽüͷĲһأվȴȻַƾˡ
ⶫɫȴʵڣվһһ˲Ծ·磬Զڡ
վĽǰ·ʯϣͦζӲľݣƤڣ˷·ɵġ
˵Сòƽƽ̫Ѩ߹ģۣ˫ƽˮֻƽ

Ľȭûλǰմ
Ϸ͵Ϯģͨüë߰ڰָ֣ڱ֣´Ľǲ׺ɵˣ
ĽЦ²׺ɽտȻ
տȻһտȻһ书ڴˣϷǰɣüҡҡͷ
ĽЦЦ˵ѧʢԶʤǴܣһ书ڴԱȥ˶ֿԣ
üϷЦҡͷô־Ǵˣȥ˶ѧǶѧۣ֮ܳ
ĽЦѧȻʢµһֿڴܣ֪벻ԣ
Ϲ˼ߺߵ
ĽϹǰҴˣѧҲǴѧȴѹѧɼʲô书Ҫ
Ľҡͷ⻰ʵϹ˵ʲô书ҪģʹٸߣѧҲƽ׵ˡ
ǵзѣȻ̹Ҫѹһͷ׹˲׺ɽơ
ͬʱһЦƲƲ죬Ĳм
ĽЦеĵԶҲ˵ֻһϹ˼˵°ɣǰλȣͲ磬ѧ书Ҳɣ
СӵһڣһЦмɨһڵӡ
ĽЦ˵棬λǰزģ֪кδͽ̣
СӣǱȻһΣüЦеĵ
Ľͷ롪
ʦ̫üȴû˵Ľ书Ϊ׺ɽһ񣬸ղһսûʲô
ãǾͳֿȭһɡüЦеĵ˵һȭݡ
̬ȻĽӲƴ̽һ¸ԵǳĽҲܿҲƽƽһȭ
顱һ죬ͬʱһ

СӣȻüЦ۽ǵüëǺЦ
һȭ̵ģĽǰʱؼ٣ȭӰ֣Щ˼顣
Ľ簲˻˲һܿȭͷȭý壬ɭˡ
Ľ΢۾ȭ߱УһȭҲֱӿ˿ռ޳͵Ļߡ
һȭѧȭȭķֻӰޣĽȴߵȭͷ졣
飡ؿȭֱֱ˳ȥ
һ·ʮɣײұߵ֣ꡱײһСͣ
á˺ȻȲʡ
һȭ죬׼ֺݣǿʹ졣
ȴվתͷֿĽĴָãȭ
Ľüղһȭһ͵ǽϣûѪʵУȻûĻ
ĺ򣬿ԼĽղ񹦣ߵҲ˳ƷɳȥΪжǱ
ЦЦǰҲù򣡡
߹һЦ͵ĳȭͷŵǣƿ͡
Цģһں飬ȴǿ֮ˣСۣݲһΥ档
Цеģȴ׺ݶ񶾣ɱڣ޲һȭĽ࣬һȭۼ
ΧĿ·ճȭͷȭͷδҵķѾϮĽվڴС
΢Ц̧ƣƽƽһƣϢ翪ЦûһӭϿͱҵȭͷ
ࣣһ
Ľ΢Цüüһһȭǽһһһ֪ƴ

ޣòҪȺдһϺȡ
Ľ볤üʮ꣬湦Ҫʱһֿһʤ֮䡣
֣Ӧ͡
һתͷƳһȺ˫䣬ֱ䵽˵еУһ
˼˸ŭߡ
ʦ̫ڰ֣ѹ˵Ĺ룬俴һߣתĽǱߣȻǲһʶ
ʶߵ뷨Ľסֱ֣Ľģίʵɡ
Ȼ⣬תͷһ¡
´Ĭʮ㣬Ϭ̤ǰһߣ䱸
ЦһŤͷĽ볤üߡ
Ľ΢Ц˿üȴ˱仯ɫ˷磬ʱŶӾԽԽ
Ƭ̺󣬳üɫǺ죬ͷðһ˿˿ԽԽŨϺʢ΢΢
ĽŤͷλǰһϰգ
߳ЦȻһԾʦ̫ǰһʦ̫ؿڡ
һԾһģ磬ʦ̫н䱸Ӧ
ۼһƱҪأͣȻХ֮顱һ죬һ·εǽ
תͷĽյͷĽ֣ĽĽơ
ĽСĴָңָҡҡͷǰʵڲ㲻Ҳ壬ˣ
˵һָĳüߣüλƵĿڣӲһ
顱˳ȥĽָӣ͡һпеĳüߡ
ߺͣͣ·űӡ
ס֣ߴȳĽ
ĽִĴָء·ͻɽХײߣƵסȴһ
Ľֲͣеְڿ
Ľ֮⣬߸ղŵľٶ׼ŭŹˣԼɽϣɽϵһ⡣


585 
üڿвͣĲһһӿһҪȴĽĽס
л񹦣ܹס̵ȴס˽类ľУɼĺˡ
˼֮󣬳üߺȻѪ©˵ƤѪͬʱ䣬һƬ⣬Ҿˡ
Ľתʮָͬʱָһߣ᳤üߣ顱أһ
һ߱׺񽣵Ľ֣ݺύĽ޿ɱܣʱȫ֮ȴˡ
ÿҪƴȫϰŽҲҪȥ̵ӴסĽŲÿһ޴£Ѫӿ³ء
Ľɣʮָݺᣬ˿ѪڣȻȴͨߵĲ
ʮָӶ粦٣ŶݣɱԶѣɱ˲մѪǸ
Ľ˽ǰʮָǿβͣģǰ·һεȦס
¾ȥԼֲ˶ãһƣɣµҲԥˡ
Ȼŭ͵СΪһ򣬹๾¹ȥĽһ£漴һ·ʮָӣٴλ
һνߣ·ţ뺣Ϣûһã䣬ĽԳһġ
顱һ죬˳ȥ䵽Ա߹ʯУĽһλӰ֮׷һȥ
顱˳ȥ·Ƥķɣٴ䵽̨ϣٴ¹ȥٶȼ졣
Ľһס·һƣȻĵϣȴ
ϹõǾԶʤѰķҲǿףʹл񹦣Ҳס̵ľ޴
һȴǺȻһתжĽӴתٶȸ죬תƹĽԱ߷ȥ
ĽЦøȤˣһٴεǰӭƽƽƳ˫ƣӿ纣Ľ

飡һ죬ɵ˿УһӲһ޴жֻܷ
ĽһȭϢ
ȭϢ䵽ϣű顱һ죬ٴη
һֻƤɵУȥҲˣĽ죬ȴѧǺСơ
ᣬ䵽ϣƤһ˿˺ȴѾΪһ̲ѪˮѣͷҲܻΪĩ޿ɾȡ
ƷǳԺҼΪҪҪ⾳ʹǺСĵǶţҲȥ
ôɱ˲ɱαطҪķӣѧҲ㶥⣬ֵûô˼
ĽΪǿ󣬶İ˸óΪѧɺ꽣ľ򼫸ߣѧơ
䵽ϣרĻһ㣬ÿһƶʵʵİˣͻ˻ֱ͸
ƹȻһǣ󼸷֣ٴλΪΣ¶߲԰׵ڿгһס֣
ĽƮƮһȥࣣһ죬һͣʯͷֱֱأ顱һ׹̨ϡ
泯죬ðѪһһֱĵĽϴŹЦݡ
ȻǲˣҪˣ²֣¶Цݣȷʵܹ졣
ʱʦ̫£мմӶ˹ΧһȦͷ
㡭㡭ǡ߻ɨˣЦݸݣҪᡭ㡭ң
һЦȻֹ˫һţʱ
Ľüҡҡͷ̧ͷʦ鷳С
ţһ书ǹ죡ʦ̫Ҳüͷҡҡͷ
ĽѧǲͬǵѧҲЩա
⵹Ҳǡʦ̫ͷµ£һ£տȻ
ĽͷЦЦֶףʦ̫˴
۲۳һš

Сˣһˣǲʲô⣿ʦ̫һűʵ
ڹյ
Ľͷ֪ʦҲ
컬ģǵĴ鷳ˣʦ̫һǰۣߵ˻زȥ𡣡
Ľͷ̾˿ǰ
Ϊλˣʦ̫ʡ
ĽʦأȥǵϵףʲôΪʲôҪԸǲ׺ɡ
ĲţҪȥʦ̫ûʡ
ĽҪȥһֱܣ̶ѨȻǻ۹ˣһ书Բģ֮治УʿҲˣһһɷǣΣӡ
ôԶľ룬׺ɱ޳ĪԮҲûлʩչ컯ʵڲġ
ĽʦİգһСһ㡣
Сʲôã㲻Ǳˣ㡣ʦ̫ߵ
ĽЦЦʦΪ֮ƣֻȥϹңϹ˼Ԯ֣ɲС¡
ţֻˡʦ̫ͷ
Ϲ˼µһ֣ѧȴܰȻԴ֣ΪϹ˼ڡ
ûϹ˼ֻ֪ʲôӣϹ˼гߵĵλ˲ա
Ϲ˼֪ݵķӣϹ˼Ľ޺֮ǣȥúòһˡ
˷ߣΪ˸ǣʦ̫ʡ
ĽͷǣʦҲ֪ҵĸֻҪصѣ˳Ʊҵһʵ
ʦ̫ףĻߵ㷢ʲôԼ֮Ϲ˼ֹ
Ľһ£ʦ̫ʱüһ߳Сӣ֪ߵغ˵»ǽϹ˼˶ֲҪǵˣûӹ
Ľεĵͷðɡ

ܿ쵽˰Ľʦ̫˵˰ĻľһĬȻ
һʦ̫СԺԹȻŷȥ
ĽûԼСԺȥ÷ԺӣŲƿʱԺСͤŮ
÷ƻСԲһ˵Ц÷Ц绨ƾ˼ֽޣյ޲ͬ
Ƕĵƹ¼Խ𪣬۲񣬵ǡ
ŮͶĿ⣬СԲЦտȻãѽ
÷ЩȻĿתԴЦᣬЦˣĽһ
㲻֮⣬վͨˡ
϶Ǳˣƻʹ࣬ܽܣ÷ȴͬܡ
ǸΣԹϧͶȥǸȻĿ⣬Сͤ£ЦǳԹˣ
СԲһյ裬ЦԹʦ廹дʦһԷأ˵أ
Ľ΢Цûʲô
СԲ쿩ЦտȻǫʲôѽ㣬⼸һﶼģûڣҪһЩˣ
ᣬдءĽЦ
СԲһҲдǵסǵġ
÷üСԲĪ˵һǴǰ֣ǸסЩˡ
СԲƲƲ죬˵ˡ
÷ϴεŭѣ־ֻţֻ춼ҪˣǨŭڴ
Ƶ˱һε֡

ĽͷЩ˵Ļ񹦾ˣԼ֮У˭ʦܹƿ˸ûá
ʽҲ޿κΣԼǰûʲôвڲ׺ɽȴġ
Ϊ˹ʣһֱ뿪׺ɽǺСȵϹ˼ߡ
СԲߵտȻ
ҡҡͷŤͷ磬㲻һֱڲ׺ɽɣ
ĽţһҪɽ
СԲ㲻ڣһǰô죿
ĽЦЦᵽϹ˼СԲʱ˷Ϲ˼ѽǿµһѽ
ĽЦ¹ض֣Ӧ
ҵҪʲôģµһ֣СԲ˫ֽգ˷쳣
ĽҡͷЦЦ΢΢һ˿ˣԼŮ˳ݱˣò
˵һ֪УҹɫѾǰҹˣСԲ̧ͷ˸ǷˣҪ˯
ŤͷտȻȥɣ
ᳶӣʹ˸ɫСԲȻ򣬿ЦңǱѽðɺðɣС
˵Źһ̶ˣСֻͤʣĽ÷
÷üջĿ⣬Ťͷ𴦣ĽСͤš
Ľ΢ЦҲЪϢɣɫˡ
ȥɡ÷ԲСͤߣĽҲ֮վ
˷ǰ÷վŤ޳üë𣺡㡭
ĽһŽȥ÷Ťȴ΢˿ûַָ緶
Ľַ·ħһֻһɹӿ壬һֱ굽֣࣬һɢ
ĽţŵϣһƬڣĵϣûһ˿ȴֲġ
Ľ齣§ڻ÷һëȴϢأظ
Ľ޵ӣ鶯Уĺ촽˱ŷҷϢ
䣬ס˴齣һ齴ⱻסһζ굴ǡ

ڶ峿Ľˬ𴲣ûˣҡͷЦЦ÷ۡ
ԼȻӣ÷һȻմһড
Ľһ鴽Х漴ӥո
ֻӥֿһֻǺСϿգһֻڲ׺ɽϿգдţ˪дţܴ˴ˡ
ӥͣϣĽִӴӥϽܣż㣬һۣɫʱˡ
ǡСԲһϮۺ鶯ϵż㶣ǰȴֻӥóһ£Ӻˤ
һָӥҪŭ
ĽѹСԲȥˡ
ʲôˣСԲɫԹɫı¼ǿĽ֪˴¡
Ľҡҡͷ˭ȥϹ˼ˣ
ʦȥˡСԲ
ĽüüʦԳϹ˼ڵĻӦ
ҪĽʡ
СԲͷ룺ϹͦԶţһ°ɡ
Ľüҡҡͷ
տȻ׳ʲôСԲʡ
ĽҡҡͷǱ߳£ȥʦʡ
˫ӥ뿪ȻСԺҴ޼޼ǰʦ̫վ̨ϣŵ
Ľһһ˼ʵû뵽书Ҳˣǲ֪˭˵ѲǶĸ֣
ļ٣޲òϳɻȥƫƫֲ߿зͺˣ
룬쵽̨ʱתߣʦ̫죬÷ʲô£ӴǴʧ̬ġ


586 
Ľص÷СԺСԲ÷ǶˣСԺƥ
ҴҽŮ˽׷ĽǿЦЦֱӽݣǰʼī
д˪ƵΣˣ޷дΪġ
˫ӥϵŸˣ˪Ů޷磬˲֪
ż޷д޷һ޶ɲֻ꣬˵ˣûغ￴һ
Ľļ٣ȴֲΣֲһֻ֮дʾΣپֹ
ܿкīߣһͣ±ֽ⵽Ȼ鴽Хͬʱƿ˴
մһӥণȻӰһνһɿ磬νСӥ˽վϣһ˫ڱʯ۾ˡ
Ľ¶΢ЦϵϣȻԴȥٻص˼
һ˲ֱȻһչ˳ȥתʧĽųһС
ʱŲ÷һ۲ȴǰļ֡
ôˣ겻ģʵ
Ľ̬ȷ΢仯ԼĽȴܸоõ
Ľҡͷ̾Ǳߣʦˡ
˪÷ʡ
ǴСͤ˵ʱСԲǿҪľŮ֪ǺС˪
Ľͷǡ
书ܵ𣿡÷ʡ
¶һ˿⣬λ˪Ҳ棬ĽĹİҲ֪ģ㾴һˣһŮˣԾЩζ
Ľ˺ģûм
˵زأ÷ʡ
ĽҡҡͷҲ֪ż
ҲûãŪ˵¼׳ҡ÷

ĽҲǶˣֻǹңʱ÷ƮУϸĽ
һ¶Цݣɣ÷֣Цǿ͸أһ˵öˡ
÷һ£̧ͷһ۴⣬ǡӭСԲĵӣʱߣ֪ĽĶܲˣæû¾ͺãҳȥˣ
Ҵ뿪㣬ĽȻʧ͵Ľ׶ΣȻ÷֣ȴܲ顣
Ľùһ˼ַ£뿪СԺŮһ
ʱʺڹɢע⣬ѹĵ׵ļ꣬ʱڹ߻ħ֮ա
ŮҲ֪飬£ֻ̲׺ŽĽĴڡ
ӥٶ죬ȥ칦ûۣһֻһ졣
ѹ·꣬һЩɢ飬ŮһòСԲĶȤƵ÷ķޣȴ˷ա
ʱ֣һŮǰ룬Ľ֪糿ʧ̬ʦע⣬ûȥ޼ʦڱסˣԼȥʸס
Ľ뿪СԺ޼ʦ̫£ְȣڸ񲹳
ӨӨתָ˵ģܷ׺ˡ
˵ʦ̫Ϊ־ܹ࣬ʩչ׺ˣĲ׺񽣣Բһء
ʦʦ㡣Ľ˴ʦֱ̫ǰһƨ档
ʦ̫תͷ´һۣСӣûʲô°ɣӥȥģǲˣ
Ľͷʥ޹ʦǱȷʵˡ
ʲô£ʦ̫æʡ
Ľ㽫˵ˣʦ̫ü˼

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Ľ룬Цʦһ˰
궼ˣϽ߰ɣȥʦ̫һ
Ľҡͷ
ߣ˵ﻹָ༱أʦ̫ûб
ĽڨЦҲɽϣϹ˼ˣٹȥ
ʦ̫㻹ǱˣϹ˼һء
Ľüͷһ˫һ£һ˼֡
ʦ̫ڰ֣ۣϹ˼ӴٲϹҡ
ʦĽ
ʦ̫ͷ˲翿ָˣǶҲûʲôҲûô죬Զöˣ
ĽҡͷȻԶǶЩֲڶڴܾأ
ʦ̫Ӻɷ򣬱ģߣǰۣ
ĽЦˣҲﲻʲôæ˵ģҸǶ֣ɡ
ѽʦ̫ҡͷȴ
Ľʦһϣһķ˲翿ֻҪܿ˵Ļ񹦣һݡ
ˣʦ̫ʡ
Ľͷǣһƾɡ
Сӵˣ˵˵ʦ̫
Ľһ㣬Ƥ򣬲ſܻЩˣǵĺаŶ
ܳɣʦ̫ü
׺񽣵Ľʮ㣬ν᲻ɴݣȴܻЩ˵Ļ񹦣տȻһҹ䴴ĹҲɣȴ̴
ĽЦ벻ɣʦһԼ֪
ã˵ʦ̫ͷ
Ľһοھ˹ķŶѨɵ˹·ߣźܼ򵥣Ҫ׺񹦣мڹķ

Ľ˵֮ʦ̫¶Լһӹ˷׷۾
ʦ̫¶ЦݣСӣȻ
תķ仯֮֮·һ룬ܴһС
׺񽣵ĽȽϣѷȴʤԵ棬ƿ͵Ļ񹦡
ƿ֮󣬺󾢲㣬㣬һƿȴԽϱ书
ĽЦķǾͲһˣ
ǻ书ľǿڲ׺ɣƿǵĻ񹦣ʽپҲá
ķ׺ɾͲˡ
ĽõǰǰķĽһ£ǿһЩڵӣЩһգ
ããǿ˲翿ʦ̫Ц绨
룬书㴴ģһְɣ
Ľ룬׺룿
ôĿʦ̫콿Ц룺׺롭׺룬ðɣͽв׺룡
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Ľɨһ£ЦеĵĸʹͣͰʦʹ͸Ұɣ
Сӣ̫̰ģʦִ̫һƣϡ
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ĽżЦеĵʦȻʹҿɲҪˡ
ҪƾҪҪȥɲɡʦ̫Цеĵɨһۡ
һϲŭ·һ
ʦ̫ҡͷ̾˿СһԭһԶȴҪ˫ɣίʵ컯Ūˡ
Ϊ׺ɵǲܼ˵ģļ޸տȻˣǵҲһ¡
»תΪտȻǺУܻףԲȢޣʹһûгףûݣҲ϶꣬Ų

Ľ˵һ뿪˴ֻʣʦ̫ʦͽˡ
ʦ̫̾ϢһϦڴϣӳ˵һУ˵ӽΡ
տȻǾžޣһܴķʦ̫̾
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ʦ̫£ˣҪ飿
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½촽ʦ㲻ض˵Ѿ
տȻǸģǸģѽǿʦ̫ҡͷ̾
ʦ¶ʱߵʦ̫ƫʦҿܵúܣ
ʦ̫ҡͷѽ˽ʦܣǸӣÿһŮ˶ϲ᲻ãÿһŮ˶ģ룬һŮӣĵֻһŮˣأŮ˶ˣͽգ
Ц촽ʦƫأ˵ó
ʦ̫Ҳ֪˵ЩǣǿԼŮԶãеĽ谮֮ȻҲܰҵڡ
ɽϣѵãɽ֪϶Ůġ
µûйϵʦ㲻Ȱˡ
ɵѾͷɵѾͷѽǸɵѾͷʦ̫ҡͷѣ̾¼Ƕ࣬ʦм
Ҳϡºߵ
ðɺðɣѽڵɱԹʦûȰ㣡ʦ̫ڰ֣޿κεҡͷ
һ̧ͷŷĿƺ͸
ɬʹ絶ʣ񿴵ʦһһ뿪ԽԽԶʧҪʧȥˣ


587 
÷˯һһҹ⣬컯˫ޣ˫洦
ڶ峿棬˫ӥ
ĵ˰ʱմһӥণĽһͷ죬ڵתЮſ˹ճվϡ
Ľæȡܴż㣬д֣޷罫дˡ
ԭϹ˼ȥ˪д裬˴˰죬˪ˣˣѾչˡ
ʱ˰жԸǺСĵӣ֪ʲôˣСʦǶıȥæ⡣
Ľһеߵ֮صҲҪо֮ȻϹ˼ս
üͷͷ죬Ϲ˼Ϲ˼ΪҪȥսѲԼˣ
˵ʦüʦ̫ȥϹҲûʲôãǼˣ׺ɽܿˣֻܿԼ
룬תȥ޼ʦ̫ȴڵڣֻһǰһһ
Ľٲʱһ΢أûĽܵĵĲ
ޱȣ֮ЧͨԭЧʱȴоܸовӿ
ʦ㣿ĽϣһԶţ϶صĴ
һ̣оԼ˵Ľһɳ嶯§ڻúϧµ
һ£һȴ¶ŷᣬʵ̲ס
ʦ㣡Ľ
һ᳦·ĵ׷ź顣
һ۽ëԲ۾ȴ֪нҧ촽̫ݴУѪ˿
Ľ̾Ϣһʦ㣬Ĳ뿴ңһ뿪׺ɽʦۡ
ۣƽ޲ˣ׺ɽÿȴ벻㡣

·һưˮͷ£Ľ̾Ҳָƽ΢ЦʦʦֻҪ˲׺룬ڲڶν
ıɡµʦںԺ
Ľһ˲˲ŤͷӣĴĵڴϣӳõů
ĽΣԽԽͦӨıӣӣҰĺ촽޳ӣׯȴ͸ջ
Ľ§ڻĳ嶯ȻЦһ£һһЦתʧ
㡪´ŭҪ׷Ľȴʧˣ׷֮һڵϣ϶ʱֳһƺۡ
޼ĵһֺİʯɣӲޱȣĥûµĺۼ
һȴһӡɼһƵʵŭĽûӵһƾͻӡĿڡ
ŻζظŬѹŭȴôҲѹסǰѹֵһ±
һƣһӡŰŭй˳ȥ磬ΪˣѹֵԽ
Ľʦ̫СԺڣɣ¶΢ЦΪȻһΣܴʦ뷨ԼҪ£Ȣ
һǷһʯͷڣ»ָľษ
ţʦ̫ա
ĽŽȥʦ̫վԺһƺʯֱֱǰưʯ˹
ʦ̫ƣתͷӥˣˣ
ĽͷǣϹ˼ȥսУˣ˳û٣ǺСĵӡ
Ϲ˼ʦ̫óƣüôȥս˪ˣ
ĽĪǷҵ£
Ӧòڰɡʦ̫ҡҡͷŲԱСͤ

Ľ̾Ϲ˼ʦ׺Σ
ȥãоɣ߰ɣȥô¡ʦ̫
ĽҡͷȻ˪ͷģڵΪʲôŪ٣˳û٣ǺСӦȻ׿꣬¡
ðɡʦ̫״Ҳǿͷӥˣܼˣ˽һ顣
ĽڣҲ﷢飬ʲô£Ůߣ֪аĽĹǡ
ĽЦǣʦĲ׺ˣ
еչʦ̫Ц⣬˳СͤʯǰָָһСӡ
ĽϸҰʯһ֪Ӳ֮ʱСףǳһ·üʸ
˿ҡͷЦЦ
ʦ̫ߵСӣҡʲôͷǲòã
ĽЦʦҪ滰Ƿл
滰ʦ̫
ĽǺЦʦʱж̣ôǳпԵѾѵˡ
ʦ̫ûİڰ֣УСӣɣʩչҿ˵󻰣
ĽЦưʯϣһ޻Ȼ̧֣Цʦ̫
ʦ̫һߵʯǰ鿴ɫ֮һ䣬ʯһСȴǴһСۣĹ͸˹
СףָմʯۣಿλӲΨôһСףɼĽĹ֮
ʯӲ֮ôӲҲһ񣬿ɲô״򴩡
ʹ׺񽣺ų޼᲻ݣǶ壬Ӳʯ壬Ҳ׵Ļ١
ĽЦʦҲûңգʦǿ١
ʦ̫һߵ׺ȻҿҲ޸ˣõǿʼգһԱ֮
һƾʦĽЦŵͷ

ʦ̫úָһǡ
ĽʦҿѡһЩ˶ǲǣ
šʦ̫ͷҲ״׷ѹ򡣡
Ľ͵մɡ
ðɣ°ţ֣ɲ׺롣ʦ̫
áĽӦ
ʦ̫뵽İƣʱŽһŮʦ̫Ը»ŮӦһƮ¡
һ¹ĽڣɫҲ
ĽȴЦеĻһʦ㣬ʦ̫ߵ£ʹǹϵͬѰҲĪʧ
εĺһʦܡ
ʦ̫˵ĹŹֲᣬּɣ˵뷨ټеĵմӣĽڲ׺룬Ǿɡ
³Ƭ̣ͷӦתͷĽտȻʦˣȥˣͽˡ
ĽЦŵͷ
ʦ̫ȥһֱӰʧ⣬ͷĽҡҡͷ
ĽЦʦģҲʦĵģ
Сӣʲôˣʦ̫ʱ
ĽʦҲȢˡ
ʦ̫ͷƲƲ죺Ǳ£Ҳԣ㲻ѽ̰ɫܿ㣿
ĽЦʦ飡
ǵģҿɲҪʦţʦ̫ߵ
Щǰ컹׼ģ׼µģʱٸĿڣʧʦǡ
뵽⼸Σĳˮôȥ֮ǡ
ķͬƷҵķţѰ书ľҪ󼫸ߣľ֮£ᵹˡ

ˣٹ򵥣ħ۷ٹҪɥʵա
棬׹󣬵ѣÿһأ輫ԣһ˹֮ǡ
½̫죬͸ȣʱңգʦ̫ȴ޿κΣȥõķĽ棬Ļ
ĽЦãʦģƾʦã
Ҳңʦ̫¶Цݡ
ĽЦеĵͷȻ뿪ǰ޼ǰ
ڵմӶˣĽҲϻֱӰľ˵ǿǰﶫֵķţ׹
þһ񣬸־ĸʵңһһֱţΪ˶
Ľֱ´һ԰ˣÿ߹һˣ϶ԷģֱΣȻ룬һ֮
־Զʤˣٶȴ˰ʱ֣Сɡ
ĽԵͷԼǵʸҪҲô׵ɡ
׺ľ䲻ɬȴҲôɣߵ⼸ЩŤת֮ͨγԶתСɡ
˶֮Ľһǰȥʦ̫ʦ̫ϲЦտ̾ģƫ˵͡
Ľҡͷѣȴ˵ʦ̫Цӯӯĵ֪Ĺͣ÷ˣȥɣ
Ľɣʦ̫ߵӺɷ򣬱裬Ƕ˲׺񽣣ǰһҲԿõǰҲˣҲ֣
Ľͷͬ⡣
ϣĽǱ÷빬СԲ̤ӥǰֱǺСȥ
֮峿Ǻԣûֱڵϣ̫֪Լ˫ӥ
峿պϣɢԲдһЩһ㱡ɴƮ˿˿ơ
Ľվںߣ֮۸Сξ۵ס

˿Χķ羰ΣƺǺһˮΧдУ羰ɡ
Ȼǰ¹ȴ˺ܾã˷֮п
վںãųХһܿԶһСڵҡҡڰڣλƣȴٶȼ죬ת۹˽ǰ
֮СᣬһϮƮƮʮɱ㽿ЦСʦܣ
ĽЦ绨һϲ֣ȲСƽƽԾ𣬽żںһ£䵽Сϡ
СŴ֣´һۣ۲תСʦܣôôò
Ľôˣ
չءСʱЦݣߵĺһ
Ϲ˼𣿡Ľʡ
Сͷţ
ҡ֣С֮ӹ棬ķһߺߵһĪ
ĽϹ˼ˣϧûܼ
첲һԴʲô˲𣡡СƲ죬Դŷ߷ɫ
Ľģ
СƲߵ໹Сʦأ
Ľһ£ҡͷЦʦ㣬ǿһѽ
СῩЦִۣЦʦܣ书Ǽõģòȷʵƽ书ҪòҪģ
Ľüֻ̾ܿ书ˣ
СֿЦ¾ͽһҸùͺúգ
ĽЦǶлʦˣ
˵˵ЦЦ˪ƲģĽǺСϮ֮£Сֱһˣֻڰ͵Ϯҹ˺üʦˣ
ްɣĽʡ
ţöз굤ܾȻСͷ
СͤǰԾˮѾվͤƮƮ


588 
ĽСһͤȻصԼˮ鿣ϴһֱȥ޷硣
֮۸޷ԭڵɽϣԣңգƺڳ˼
ĽȻ֣¶ЦݣСʦܡ
Ľȭʦ֣𣿡
ûС޷ҡͷЦСʦܻã׺ηʥǺСĵӣ˵Сʦܵ׷֮˫
Ľ岻ݴǣ
ãǾͳ޷
Ľ˲Ҫɣ
޷Ĭ̾Ϣһҡͷ
Ľüʦ֣Ϲ˼ΪʲôϺ
Ϊд书޷
ֻΪĽʡ
޷縺ֿɽ¶棬ҡͷЦЩֵ˼һ˽⣿
޵мįĽЦ
޵мįҲЦЩ书ȤãһֻΪ˶ԣ޵ȷʵһּįǷǳȤ
ǻ᲻ϵսһ˵и֣ҪȥܿԼ
죬볣ѾͬˣϹ˼ߵһ¶书ǳԵģһд裬˵ûйûĿģֻǴ˪书
뵽һ΢ЦʦּʶϹ˼书ˣ
޷ͷɽֹɽֹ
ĽǺأ
Ҳɲ⣬һΪԼ书ˣ˵ıԲ֪ԼǾ֮ܣ޷пǧ
ĽЩգҡͷϧûԼʶ
ֵıԣʵһۼĪ״洦޿ɹ
ϧԼˣֻԹԼѣû֡

ʦֹƣزأĽʡ
Ӧòᡣ޷ҡͷѣ֮̾һһʽĪӴһƣҲ֪ôˡ
Ľüʣˣ
޷ҡͷ˭Ҳ֪ң˼ˣ˭Ҳ֪ȥʦǡ
Ľͷȥһ±ֺ֡
һ˿ɲɣ޷
ĽЦЦʦ֣ȥ칬ˡ
޷ʱɫһ죺
˵Ųȴļèӣ޲в˫ᣬһ·ɵ칬ˣˡ
޷ֵͨĽȴûͨһܿ룬΢΢һʾ˼
Ľ¾ͽңһһúкһǣ
޷Ǹúúкһ£ǺС⼸겻£ƱۣƱۣ
ĽǸһˡ
˵һӻĽԼˮ鿣ŮѾͤ⣬赹ˮ˲ˮһͨæ
ĽУЦеţæǶˣЦλʦʲô£
ʦ㣬ǲҪСԼֱʵ
ĽͷҪһ˭ں海ҡ
һȥСæ
Ľתͷˮҡͷλʦ㣬ȥ̽Ҫ͵͵С
ǿѽСǶˣעĿģ
ĽЦҡҡͷһ˷㡣
Сʦܣǲǰְţ书΢
ĽæʦĻֻϰһжһһ˺ϰߡ
ֻߣҪʲô͸ʲô顣
ĽŮᶨԼӦǲˡ
ˣλʦʢȴҴӦˡĽ

ûмߣ뿴ˣϹ˼һƣһ˿ܲغû֮ǡ
洫Ϣܵ͵ϮˣĽסˣ޷һ£뿪ǺС
Ůݳĸÿ˶һƥһ·ۣǰܷ֮ǡ
ܷλش֣ǶӣطƶһЩ
쿥һ磬ų彣ˡ
Ľ֪ǺСͨѶǷѶ
еһС񣬴̵ë죬ӯ޳Ӳ࣬ٶȿöࡣ
ٶȿ죬ֲۣܲʹ֣Ҳע⣬ƫƫٶȿ죬ϵ·ʶ;
Сѵһ׶صı£漼ǺСش֮Ⱥǵ湦ոһֱض
Ľ޷˵𣬲֪㣬ֲǺСϢѸݣȴΪȴѶ֮
˵Լ˫ӥǺСĴѶʤһԼֻֻӥǺССȴֻ
ǸճǺС뿪ʮʱ֣ȻһһֻСɵͷ
СģצȡһСֽ̯˿¶ϲɫѾˣ
Ľæˣ˿ɺˣ
ûдˣǻȥء
Ľ룬ͷҪӣ߰գ
СЩ󣺡ҪȲˣٻȥô
ֵĵһۣСᣬ˵ʲôأ
Сε̾˿ͷǣ˵أ͵û˵գھͻȥ𣿡
ȻͷתĽСʦܣ㿴أ
߰ɡĽתͷߣŮҲһһۣڳˣЩһز͵Ϯˣ

Ľüͷϲȥ뵽ЩҵˣһأǵˣϢģˡ
ԼҪȥһУŪЩȥ׺ɽΪʲôûһݵķӡ
֪˻صǺϣȻХһСͤͤаƮƮĺ˪
˪վСͤԶһƮƮƮȥ
ƮСͤ׷׸˪˪ɫӨ·ɣ˫Խ䡣
Ľܸоõ书Խ˼֣ɲ⣬ɽ纣Լеѹ
ûд˰ɣĽʡ
˪ͷȥɣҸл˵
Ů˿Ľͷ£صԵˮжװ
Ľ뿪ˣ˪һϹ˼ΪΪ𣿡
˪ҡͷд书еİˡ
Ľüȴûж˵
˪׺ɽðɣ
Ľͷһһȥá
Ƕˣ˪ʡ
ĽǣּйǰˣҲ֪Ǻźɣȥһ顣
˲ݡ˪룺书һЩΣա
ĽСһֻ̽顣


589 ƿ
˪ҡͷ书ƫ棬ԲһЩ
ĽǺã˲׺ɽգ
˪ĬȻת˿Զĺ棬ĺӣӳӡ
ιתϹ˼֮ʣĽˣ뿴𣿡
Ľһף
˪Ϲ˼ƿսȷʵж֮
Ľһ£Ϲ˼Ϊΰѽ£
˪ҿףҵķ
ĽһЦһ£һϹ˼ǶǾˣУ
˪ͷɣƺңԶ
ĽˣвﵱǰˣԼĽ׸˿ţҲǷ
ȻϹ˼Ѿۣ֮µһԼңֻһܣѰѧϵͻơ
Լȣȷʵ˲٣̫̫࣬࣬ȫĹע书̫ע·š
Ҳ˵Ϲ˼ǱȺҲԶԶ磬Ϊһ֮ܳȻѧԼλòߣµѧУʵ;ˡ
Щ鲻¾ܷ£׺ɽεԼԹۣܽҲ޷
ǾԼ·߲ˣͣķ˼Ž֮
˪Ҳڳ˼˲˵ͤһƬžΨкˮĻСͤʯ
ι˪תͷ뿴𣿡
ĽЦЦϹ˼ĽףȻ뿴ɿʲôˣ
˪ƿսȷʵ֮һʱ̲ܾ͸Ծˣһоա
ĽҡͷϹ˼Դ˽
š˪ͷ
Ϲ˼ˣĽʡ
˪ʮ˰ա
Ľ׽ʮ꣬ٺҲɣʤ
˪ЦЦȡ̡

Ǻãϸ׽ܲܳϧûϹ˼ʩչĽҡͷ̾Ϣź顣
˪Ϲ˼ֻˣһС׽Ʋ⣬ؼƵǿᣬǳؼġ
Ľͷ˵ˣܽԼĽˣҲǺǣһԶҲĽйء
ûƿս˪ղŵĻ˽صƣͷһϹ˼ġ
ԶΪĥ£ԼƣӶ˽ȷʵͬСɣ书ķ룬ڷҵҵˡ
˪еİһûɡ
ӻͳһӣĽһɨжжʮҳӹ֮ûŷȿ档
ƿսĸڿգȻһ£գ趯ԼС΢
죬޷Զ粨˹òƽ̾һ֣
ĸֲдúÿƯ׺յƣʯ쾪ƿնȥ֮ơ
ۣ֮վϸƺ˽⣬ƣһһҲﲻ
˪㾫ǿܿӿǶûʲôӦԵˣ档
ĽһϹ˼Ȼµһˣĸ֣ɼǺ󣬰أ£
˪ţ¿
Ľͷ¿Цݺܿȥ£ʥׯӡ
Ѳӷŵʯϣ΢˫ۣ󽣾ֻ齣縺֮أÿһ磬һ֣Ƥ
˪΢ϰƮһƽѹסͷļ
һܸоΧóسͣ·ճ࣬ѣ˹תתݣ˲ʡ

Ľȫγʣ趯ٿһ»ָƽΧĿԽճ·졣
˪ȻĽ
⼸˹֮࣬һֱƿսܿʩչȴûʲôЧϹ˼֮׽Ե
֮ǰѽ׳˼֣üԼоĦǶž޷ȥ׽ԵԼҲˡ
ĽԸߣǿصûʲôԵ⽣ĽҲнչ
ȴ룬ĽֻһʽѰžȲϹ˼ȴԼԼӰӣȻ׽衣
Ľ۾ʣΧĿʱһɣ»ָ鶯ѡ
ýĽп
˪һЦƽ޲¿ա
飬ĽΪҲ㣬¿˵ڶҳüĦָ
˪Ļڴ֪Ľʲôز
Ϲ˼˵ʲô˶ʺ׽ԵݣģһиоһʼûоģԲͽ޹ˡ
ӣӹţȴһƿս
Ľ۾ٴΰϽһ޹⽣ʣһԲǰһָ죬
˪һ桰顱һ죬ըһˮˮ׸ߡ
Ľ¶ЦݣʣٴηҳȻٴʩչÿһҳʩչһУ˵ڰʱ˪Ȼڣס֣
Ľѣ̧ͷ˿ܣһƬǽ壬ϯһ㣬ϵĲյ˷ĩֻһСѰ׷ۣŷ١
ʯݺύ滮ΧҲۣƺһ˵Ķս
ĽǸȻĿ˪
ȥɽϣߣ˪֣תƮСͤ䵽ϣƽػУź浽ջϡ

Ľæѽյ󣬲źȵ̺ಽ˪һ鵽ɽλá
վɽΧһо۵ףƽΣ·һľӣӳơ
һƮ羵һɴʡ
ǺˮµģһůʯͷǺһȪϵһֱů泩紺졣
ɽľдУĿǰȻһ
ЩӲԴ˵
˪վ׸ƿս֮
ĽЦѾˡ
˪һЦɣҿʲô̶ȡ
Ľͷٶ˵ӻͳ׽ſ
Ȿƿս׶ÿʩչк֮Уʩչ֮󲻵ۣˬ쳤Х˼ͷɣӯ
һѽ׷꣬ʮУһһϣۺɽ·ΧΪһ塣
˪ǿᣬо񣬶Ľı仯о̾һƿսȻ
Ľѽ׺ϣԼ۾齣㣬޹⽣ȫʣһһʽĳ˪ǰ
˪ſţǰȻ㱣·Ϲ˼ĽӰغϵһͬĽͬƣͬˡ
ιĽսʣ̲ס쳤ХһХףơ
ӥڳȴӥӦХ˪¶һ˿΢Цͷý
Ľ̾Ǻýʰ·磡
㽣֮⣬ĽԼǻ۳سˣԼֻܸʰ·硣
׽Ϲ˼ģĽʡ
˪ҡͷ˵ǵһɽ
Ľ̾Ϣû뵽Ϲ˼׽ʵڸ֮
˪ͷǰȻ֮˽
Ľҡҡͷ׽һڹķǲǣ
˪ҡͷҵû
Ľ룬˵Ҿ׽㲻ٴˣ潣Ը
ҵҪ˪һУĽ޹⽣Զʣɵϡ
һˡһ漴ʩչơ
ĽȥȴЩʧ׽ʹ࣬ûе裬ҡҡͷ
ʣ˵ʲô书һͨһ㾳ѽ
ƿսʹģƶʧʵڲˡ
˪˼м޹⽣һףǲɣ
Ľӹ޹⽣Ц׽صƣղŵĽƿս
˪бһۣƿսʲô⽣죬ȫƾһڣҲɵģ
ƽ侲ƽȻ֮⣬ɶģǻ֮ؿڣ˽ҡ
ƿսƫƫҪһڣûⲻɣĴС̶ȣƿս
Ľת˲ԭ䶨ΪĴڣǿᣬҲǿħ߶ͣȻơ
ۣ֮Ӹ߿ոһУվڸɽ֮۸ظΪкΪ̣ΪϣһнСơ
֪۽˺Ȼ֮ʱƿսһӿңһա
ƿսǡˣ߽ϣȻޱȣͨо
˪úɣ׽ˣ˵ʤϹ˼
ĽЦ˶꣬⽣ʤ
˪ҡҡͷ׽ؼʽǻ򣬶ƣƺƵսʤѡ
ĽЦл
ѽ׵ݻЦϹ˼֣ҾͲ磬ʤġ
˪ЦЦٶ˵Ϲ˼书ȷʵ

Ľ˼ƿսɽ®¹˵ҵ£Ѿأٲˡ
Էʡ֮Ҳʼʶıܿ£רԼԳģǿϡ
ƿսѾÿꡣﵽʳ֮ÿһƿսǿһ֡
ÿǿһ֣Ҳʧȥһ֣㽣ܹ֮ĴҪһ㡣
ͬķͬĽʱȻʤʱ̵ġ
ǰ֮һվԨsţɽܲս֮
ĽһֱйǿƲԦƣǽĻҲͲǳҲɡ
ĿƾɰܣǿǿƣҪҪǿľ
Ľǿᣬ֮Խƽ֮
ǿһ룬ԺһƬģǲģΣһ
֮࣬ԷӥѶ׺ɽĶǲ֣˵Ĳ׺Ρ
÷У֪޸˲׺ķЧʸߣ±ͺȫĽΪ졣
˶ѧ˽Ҽ˼棬ʮ˵ǻۼԶʤ쳵
˪ɳʮƷӳϮ֮£һºǷϢǷΪ
ķּҲңھأʵּܲңСԭһλշǷҵס
ǻ׹ݣ˹˼ɣǿҲ볯͢ԣִ͢ȫɲҳݡ


590 
ɽۣ֮ԣǺ۵ס
ɽǰһСľݣü򵥵ΧΪһ壬Ȼ޼䣬˿ûͻأ֮С
ĽƮƮ˪ƮƮ˶ŽӶ
Ľòƽͬһ꣬˪һȾѩӣվһ𣬸һͻأЭС
ĽЦƿսûң׷գҪСģ
˪¶һ˿Ц⣺ض˵ʩչǣ˵ңұȥ
ĽһЦã˵ˣ
˵ˣ˪
ĽһȻʣƽƽһָͬʱԹǣ˷·һȦͬľˡ
Уһӽһ̡
˪ֻǰһ䣬·һľˣʱر˻谵
֪ǻþƿս£ֻ񲻱ãɼӰ졣
Ҳ֪ʱˣǵϹ˼õľ飬ƿսƣˮй̣ӿԼһˣƻ᲻ͣǿԽԽǿѩһ㡣
Ψһ֮ӭѶӲһ裬пܿסƷչʹǿ
ⳬѰ˵飬ӿ֮ƣʯ£Ҫܿ˵ıܣѿ˷
ӽʣƬ̺һ̳һߣһ㺮âײĽĽ⡣
ĽĽ֮Ч˵ĸоܸţҲй٣һй٣ʴӣٴıҲûá
˪ǿ󣬶Σڰ֮У׼ȷжϳƣίʵѵ֮
Ľڽϣ˪ҵԼⲢ⣬ûⷬ£Ϲ˼УһҲӲס

һ죬Ľⵯ𣬻һԲٴδ̳š̤ƽ
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ƿսﵽڶ֣ɽɽˮɽǰأƱ壬Ӷ˵㹥ʤ
ҪӦƿսҪﵽɽɽˮɽ֮ⲻ书ߵͣؼǾΪ
Ϲ˼ų޵УһΪƿս书ǳ书֮ϵľ񹥻ҵͨơ
Ľľǿᣬƿս绢֮˪΢¶Цݣ
Ϲ˼ӰӣѷֻҪȥܸϵϣһϹ˼
һ죬˽ཻ
˪Ҳ棬ܶһ࣬Ҳǳ书֮ϣרעھΪ湦
Ľֻһ˿˿Ž壬죬ûǿİԵࡣ
֮ɢΣȴ֮𶯣֮ףĽһ
û뵽˪ﵽ㾳磬ˮûһʣһб룬ϻᱻɢͬ
˪ȴ޵⣬ߣոıʣҪѱ䣬ίʵ졣
ǿ˹ѹ£ƿսʹʽ죬˪УΧ˿ȥֻһŽ⡣
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ǿ񣬱۾Ժǰѩ󣬿ɫæתǰʱһ£ֳĽ޹⽣
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Ľת˪Źֵʩչʽʱһȥ˪ǰһƬڰ
΢̣Цٴһ㣬ײĽĽ⡣
ལУĽƮˡ

ҰˡĽҡͷ̾
˪սʣͷò
Ľ̾ǡ̾簡
˪ЦЦ򣬴ȫˣҵҲûˡ
ȫĽЦ
˪һۣôηѶˣ
Ľ֣ʵ죬Ҳɡ
˪ϹܳףҰﲻʲôˣȫԼһЩԵ
ǰԵĽ̾Ϣһ
Ϲ˼ƿսõ׽ҲĪĻԵϧûмϹ˼ûĽ
ҲãĽ㲻Լ·ˣӰ죬ͬһ书ÿöһо裬ؼԼ·ʺԼġ
ҵô죿Ľʡ
漴̾ϢԼϹģձչسҪ£֪
˪֪ˣ
Ľͷʦָ˵ˣҵƴ볯͢ϵУᶯǲǣ
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ĽǾˣ׷ˣ
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ĽкΪѴ˵Σ
˪ͷţҲãȷʵ˶ģйػʼ棬иСǿ
Ľü˵ҵʵǿǣ
ҵʵɣ´˷ң͢˪
ĽǾ͵ӣ˷ȴ͢ǲǣ
ţ˪ͷ

ĽƬ̣˷볯͢Ĺϵ
ס˪ҡͷı͢Щٵģ˾ʲôҲġ
Ľѵûеˣ
ּҡ˪
ĽЦǰּңˣδõģ
Ѿˡ˪
Ľһ£üˣ
˪ͼı죬ּҸҪٷСֻɱܲµõݡ
ҲǸ˵ġĽҡͷ̾Ϣһ
ʶʱΪܣȻǸĸģ̲ҪǺС䵽档
Ľ룬ʹôҲˣ˪ĮԺеǺãȴģȻɱ˲µġ
˭˼Ľʡ
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˪ֻˣϲܴ˳ȥһˣּҲͲˡ
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ǲ㣬ùľǺСңˣԼɱһû
˪Ѿˣ;ػּҵ˼ɡ
ĽЦһ£ǺһµԼ˼ȥּңּ뷽ңǺСɽۻٺò
ûһףּ뷽ұǶԹһҩһǡ
ϧˣԼӢֲͬһεºܽңƣô˳

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һѹ̬֮ҲֻԼаģԼ࣬ǿġ
˪㻹Ҫרעڹķǳȥһ߰ɣҪɣ
Ľͷ
˪Ƭ̣Ρһķƫˣʧ
Ľšһͷķķ䲻㾫ǿ
˪ȰѵΪӡסͷķȻٽ⿪ӡϡ
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Ľ˪뷨ķγڣΪȻǿϹĻԿΪʱ֧Ԯִƽںϡ
һֱʱҲûתأһ¾ûб仯Ŀܡ
룬ͷҸʲôķ
˪Ⱥǵһ⣬ķ̫ңƫ棬˸
ΪΣĽʡ
˪˹죬˶٣ν˲ı˵飬ΪԽԽ󡣡
죿Ľ
˪ͷһͻͽһֵϱʮ꣬˺ڣʧ֮ݣ˹ɶûһú³

ĽЦ˴Ĺܳɣ
˪㾫ǿ־ᣬݷɣϹٲڻ£Ҳܵ˹𺦡
Ľ룬ȻԵӡ
˪Цһ£ҲǿȨҽ飬Լ
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˪ⲿҲͬСɣķһ׽ͰԵס
ĽüͷһЦǵҪһ
ȥǷ壬ңҸ⡣˪
ĽӦˣȻ뿪С®ȥ˹Ƿ壬ҵ鱨һ죬峿Լˮ鿣ϴֱȥ˪
˪֪ҪͤУƮƮɡ
ȭûڣ˪ڰ֣ˣض㿴˷ҵϢ
Ľͷǡ
˶ҶΪʮӣʣ壬ǣһСŮ
˶ʵȴͣԭһӶӹţӢܣǷҵĿƶȡ
Ʒƣָ֣ɽ뷽ңΪҿ䣬ƽʱܹһæ
ҿҪĸߣҪף书һƷǿƷ֮ƷͣʹƷ䣬Ҳһ֡
˵㼫õƽﲻ£רôִһ𣬿һд裬Լ
ң䲢ˣȥ⣬ʲôʱ뿪ɣ˶ٺò棬书ѵõĻᣬǰңΪҿ䡣
ΪЩĴڣʵͻͽһഫԷĲ
ĽƶҲһ˲żüã뵽ţֲ˷˶ϡٵȱ㡣
ƶҲȱȱҲ٣϶꣬ĽڹǷ鿴鱨ʱ뵽˶Ը֮
ֿƶȣҳһ⣬ӣһ˫нһСķԼ


591 
ţɽһλ߱߿Χķ羰
վţɽ£һСɽֱͨţɽϡ֣ʱڣɪ
ϡڲסɽһƬȥһɽկΧǽΧԼӡ
ţɽҲǴ羰ţɽһסʮܣݺʮ꣬κΡ
ʮ꾭ӪţɽΧ˸룬֪ţɽϸģ·УһȦ߼죬Ҳ뾭ţɽ
ţɽҪţɽ˽ӣνգϴǮĻЩֻǮˣûǮľ
ЩţɽպգûԽ粻һƣɾţɽʮܵĴ
ʮʱǺһʱˣɱ˷Ż޶ҴӲܽأɱ˾ɱˣӾͽӣ޼ɡ
ƫƫúúõģΪңʵ̸۲ݵĻ⣬ףʮܵ书ǿᡣ
ʮ书ǿֵһҲǸ֣һͬһ㣬һָŴ
в֮ʿҪǣʮЩֺȴΪ
ټƳǺС֮ɽܺУȴκΣʹǺСҲ޼¡
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СһվһǰһĽм䡣
һ˸˷ܵĵʮûпˣ

ΪĽһüͷ󺺵ҪԼˣһ;÷θ
ϸƤ⣬Ӧͦóԣͷ̫̫ãŲѾĴ󺺹Ц
ţϸƤ⣬ϲǰͷĴĶ̺ӣĽ˼ĵͷ
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Сᶡ֪ţɽ󺺰СһɣϵĺԽһɲ
ĽæλúСǰݼФ󵱼ҵġ
Фϴ󣿡һСִһĽߵôϵФϴ󣿡
ĽСФ󵱼ҵͬ磬ϾϿ·ݻһ
󺺺ٺЦСӣФϴܼģ
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ĽȻФ󵱼ҵھӣͨһ֪
СӣĪǲӵģôɵ£Фϴھӣٺ٣Ȥҡͷѡ
ĽбһۣݵÆͨһǣǵҵ£СĳԲ˶ߣ
ӴȣôĿСǰҪĽһƣĽĴæȵ
ͣסŤͷؽеѲСӵĺ
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İɣ£ٺ٣ȻھӣҡͷЦĽһۣСӣҰɣ
ĽȻЦһŤͷȥȻ
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һµıΪ˪ٱͣʩչò绢

СӣФϴ󣬰ѽ
æȵ
ðɺðɣգͷİڰ֣ŤɽߣƳĽһۣ½ӿ졣
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ĽȻͣ£ش˼ָŴ󺺵һЩ
ŤͷЦҲФϴҿǰ˳ԣʡФϴң
ĽʣФ󵱼ҵΪκ㣬ֻлǣ
һŵģΩΩФ
ҴȥһļһФϴĨڣܲң󺺺ߵ
Ľŭɫʿɱ裬С޸֮ȴҲǰȻ߳ж
ޣ߳жģһָͷˣСֻҳ伢һĭмЦ
ĽüĳԹˣ
󺺵ӴţǴȥƣ
ȥƣĽʡ
ǰˣͷӵǱߵĹߣȥƣһֱָߵһСɽ
˵ղĽ˵תͷһС·ȥĽһ£ں棬ĴҡҡͷͷʲôģФϴ󿴿¡
ٷϻۣʶٺЦ²ͣܿһСɽ档
Сɽǽ£ݰ׹ǣ˵ͷǣеĻɫеĺɫǰɭɭġ
Ľɱˣȴͷһοô׹ǣĿתͷߡ
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ĽüΪ󣬺βΪ
ЦСظ͸ǶǳˣôΪΪ
ĽߵǾˣ޲磡
ͬʱЦҡͷѡ

Ľ˵ò𣿡
С˳ˣ㲻Աˣ˳㣬ȱĳѰ·Цҡͷ
Ľߵۣţɽɱ˶ˣǶҪǣ񼫣ܻϣۣ
ӴСӻͦģɵ˰ɣǸǽ˰գתͷ
Ҳãͷε̾ʵڲɱˣϸģϵ¾ôΣ
һĽģƷХ˵ſȱĳɱȴĺϸɴ࣬һûԥ
顱һ죬ĽֱͦͦһƣʱһһֱСĽ䱸ĽϻһѾʱ̼
ĽһƣȴûеУһĹһէȻ˸
źԾĵĽĵĻ¡
һ㡭
γ䳤Ҫ£һӹڰ£Ǻॡ䵽İ׹Ƕϡ
ĽҲתͷɭɭ׹ǶѣɱڣԶֹ
쳤ХһХͰԵ
Х֮Уη𣬳ɽϵկӶȥСϳ壬б䣬ȴֻȣɱŭ档
վס󺺴ӹʯסǰС
ĽһԲβͣ£ź£ĽѾ֮䴩
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һ·ϴǺСһ£һ·֮壬һ
һҲһλˣ书գƢ𱬣ּ𣬶Զ־飬иϾɱ֮

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ⲻ죬ҲǿգͰԵݿܵ
к׷ɣѧʹˡ
Ľ˵Ⱦѧ棬װһƢˣһ·ûɱˡ
ת۹ɱկſڣѾվһˣûɽկǽ棬ſųʮУ뻮һ߽Ľ
һǸˣȣתתȥΪ鶯ˣüá
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Ľ֮һųɵƵƱˣɭɭѪ֮һ˻ֱӵ£ŵ̱
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ιʶɳɱɱһվγɵɷԶˡ
ɱһȡ
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ĽӭȺӶγһƬ֣ˡ
಻ĽŰ󣬽²ͣңײģһܵס
ײϣ㱻ɣײϣȻת۹һͷȥɱԳ壬ʮ¡


592 ɱ¾
תɱֳ崩ȥʮˣһȡ˶ʮֶκ
ǰɭɭ׹ǶѣɱӯУָݣЦţɽЩŧʧأ
ԭȻ֣ͬ㣬ֺ˵ˬֱϬ
ɱӳһӣϺȵɱ˭Ҳ
Ⱥʱ
Ԧ¼Ͽᣬͷ˵һԾŶԣ˵ɱͲܻˣ֮ͨ
ɱСԼҪˣƴ˵һ
Ǳ˼벻ĽĽ⣬ǰ壬ʹ˽Ҳͣ
ǰнûȵ¾ͱ˼ǰΪƣмлʹ򲻹ĽҲҪ
˼߰ʮγһԲȦСѹһһԲ򣬰ĽڵС
֮УһâͣĴ˸ţͣͣĽվڵУἷˣֻǻӽ
ΧǶʬ׺棬õնỵ́Ľкûоʽֻ򵥵ն̡
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Ľֱ̺׼ޱȣ֮޲Ǻнûһಿλ
ӽ߬ȣȱšñΣȺĽǷǰâ˸֪ͣĽû

Ťͷկŷ򣬳ȵż
ǽ̽ʮԴһЦʵʮҵģ滹ֵǣˡ
ƽٸҷϻżŭȡ
ǣʮҵģЦݱ࣬ȴΥŤͷûһ֣ߺȵСǣк
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ߵۺȵٷϻ׼һ
˼ֻ޿κεĳ濴һۣ˸˲׷׼
ţ̧첲͵һӡ
أأأءһƬХУʮ֧Ľ׼ޱȡ
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ǽͷϵ̽ͷӣ£ҲûʲôãֻﵹæĽɱС
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ǺˣΪţɽѰƣβ
ĽЦ磬үүҪеЩ񹷣һǬ
£βЦ

Ľһ񳤽ЦеʹҲֵЩ޲ļһĪķ̣
βһЦȵ䣡
䣡洫˻ߺȣŲءУһ㳯
Ľһӣβǰǡñֳܹۣ֮꣬ʱ
λλṦѰļָţ⣬ƲסĲ
βȴĿڣٵĿ֮ʣȡৡһչסۣâ˫ۡ
β鶯ޱȣǵʯ䣬âĽǰ
ĽȻӽβ壬һ죬Ȼûܰնζ
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Ľüһһ̽βؿڡ
һΣıûã˽㵵ĵĽš
Ľ齣˺һܿѪЦôɱ㣬ǱˣУǧжԽޣ
βס˿ڣҪסѪĵ㡭㾿ʲôˣ
Ľţɽܵ·ˣ
βȻЦ㡭㡭
Цһȥûܰѻ˵꣬Цȴ͸Ź죬Ľüѡ
ӽصļʸһ絽˴ǰȭ顱һ죬صĴŻ˻Ρ
˿ţΪһȭܴˣȴû뵽Ǵһѷ죬ûܴ򴩣ŲʳϵļӲʵ
նһȻ죬·ʯ
˽ȭ顱ȭͷ˴ţȻȭ顱Уִһ
˼ȭȥѴŴһ󶴣Ȼ˽ȥӶγһƬܣ

һ̤ţбϵĿյϲˣ۷ȥԼˣֵý׺ݵĵĽ۾һգգ
ûʲôֻվһϢ·ΧĿסˡ
ǽϵļѾͣ£Χķ·Ҳͣˡ
ΧţĽһЦɣգ
ɱʮҵı𣡡Ⱥдһȡ
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ĽЦӽӭȥʱ˸ԭļžڣҽһ𣬻Ҳ
Ľѩ磬Ⱥл硣
ĽͰң粻һ֮һ˿ƿսĽ⣬ǰԵף࣬ɱ
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ţɽﾹûһŮˣҲûˣȫǾ׳꣬˾ӣĽɻȴɱ¾
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ţɽΪ񣬹ؼʮܣһжǵ⣬̫͸ˣϧһֱû˵֡
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ۣƥ쿥С۶ϣţկܿ쵽˽ǰͣסȵ˶ȥˣ쿪ţ
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Ľӡ仯Ӷ˹Ʈ˾ʯţկȥҪһ󺺣Ȼҵģʮ֮
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ת۹˶ʮУĽӽӦˣҲٲȴɱ


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йĽ˺ϻİڣЦһúãܷңô꣬Ȼ书
Цף˶䷢飬Ѫ
˳һû뵽Ľᣬȴ¶ЦɱʢҪɱ
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Ҫ㡪ŭ
Ľһشдؿڣȴһ͵ţƤϣд̲ȥ֮С
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һȥʹ˾綾ҲҪ
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Ľչۣ֮ɢܣüͷûз֣˺ƾʧˡ
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һõƣһȥ⣬ȫӳˣʩչѣ߶ʩչ裬ʵѵá
̾Լһ䡣
Ը֮߷ƣͬըھڱҿ
ҡҡͷᣬѾɢʼɽתƣ֮زźö


594 ڷ
תȦûջ
ǵͷƺˮŪΪʲôôҹţɽƻãӳһʯʤա
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ĽЦⶫãҹ飬һЩ͵׺ɽ޼ϣǸ˪ͤϡ
׺ɽ̫Զ䲻㣬ǺСԶȴ˹ȥʱ˷ǻܸˣں˪Щ̫ģֻһЦ
ΪһЦҲֵһأЦ뵽˹ڽϣʼʯͷ
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Уһһʯͷڳ׵һԣת۹һѣ̧ͷ뵽Σɵ΢Ц
ʱ汻ȥһ㣬ףЩʯͷӦùˣٹȡǡ
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ΰÿһʯ̽澿֮¶ЦݣҡҡͷǻǽĶˡ

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תܿɢɺ⣬ҫȦڵС
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Ľ룬˺̧һУڷƮƮɵϣС뻳ת뿪ʯҡ
ʯҰһԱߣ¡һʯҹرգΧָһз·ʲôûֻԱһӨתʯͷ
ŰȥƮɽԭ·أţկӵ̨棬ڴ˼һôߡ
ţկڲˣҲһû뵽ССţկԻˣԼãˡ
һջЩʯͷҲǲƱڷ
̧ͷһվڵڣ


595 ʯ
Ľװŷ
֪˾ǲţկģΪףһԨsŵȣһ͵ĸ֡
һϮòӢһ˲ţʱüۣӢ
ӢŭһνһΪһ⣬׺հĽ
ĽƮһһƽһߣܿ⣬մٴ򲻳٣
Щʲô˵ģҪеŭźޱȡ
Ľ̾˺ýһٴεҡͷҪҵĿʮܣ
һУšٴκ
ٴƮһߣǡܿ⣬ĽҡͷֵŪˣ¿ɲʮܵˣ
ߣʮܵҲйģʲôö
꽣࣬ڱŭ֮ԲʧһҰ׵ζ
ƮĽҡͷЦЦ˵һ·ˣɱʮܵģϧһ
š곷ˣ˫տտһָ˻ν
ĽҡͷӢȴǸƢ
һˡĽЦ
һ̤ǰһ⻰⣿
ĽѾɱʮܡ
˵üüЦ⻰ƭҲţһ⻰
ĽЦЦƽ޳ԹҺαƭ㣿
˵ƾһˣʮɱˣʵ
Ľͷ
УȻһΪһź⳯Ľͷѹ£Ѹݣʵ
Ľҡͷ̾һһ⣬漴ʡ
һ죬ϳɵ˿УڿзתʮȦʼ䣬䵽ϡ

㡭Ŀɿڴ
ĽЦ̨ؿ˰ɣ
ɱʮܣ꿴˿ֵͷ˿ѽУһ»ɫ롣
ĽЦЦҺαƭ㣬ټأţկɱ˸⣬һû
áȻһİƣЦ
ĽӲ֪ƮԭλЦеĴһأֵܵմԼ˰գɱկģɾ壬Ǿͽѣ硣
ֵˣˡС³çҽиʯ걧ȭЦеһݣ
˵ϥһҪ£Ľæһӣһ裬Ȼ뿪ӣǰסʹãҵ
ʯɫɱʮܣھˣ٣ҰһӦģ
£ȴסΰݲȥֻεֱ̾û뵽ʮˣǡ
Ľֲ֧ģ֪ʲôԹЦЦҲǽҵ֣ǡǷֿҲһƣ
ʮܵıҿ֪ʯҡҡͷ̾˵ʵһһҲֻķݶ
ˣǸֵΪλҪĽʡ
ղһĹȷʵʮܣʹʮҵҲʤһ
ʯɫһҶ㱻ʮܺˣܲɷкξ壡
Ľҡҡͷӱʮ겻书ǣ
书ҲǿˣҲˣѵǰ׻ЩꣿʯΪȻİڰ֡
Ľ룬һۣ֪طܹͬھգҲڴ
Ӣη֮ˣĽֻ̾ûԼﻹǸ̰ġ
֮ԲΪӢηΪ֪֪ûʲôµġ
Լײǡ

ĽЦŵͷ
Ƕɱˣʯʡ
Ľͷǡ
ʯ˵ʮܵĴ󵱼ҵ书ǿ粻һҲɱˣ
Ľָָ棺̨ľǡ
ߣȥʯת˸߲ҵߡ
Ľһȥվ̨ϿʯʬԷţ泯죬Ȼһֱͣˡ
Ȼһ£̨ʬ׶ΪĽأ׷ּҡ
ĽæֵܣΪ˾˰գ
ʯҧϼŤ¶˾ˣٺ٣ҪǴң
ٺЦ绯Ϊһˡ
˫ȼյĻ棬Ӳ䰴ڽϵ֣ŤƤѡ
Ľһ㣬ʯ˻Σĵ£Ľַס͵˴
ͷ微ɫ仯ͣڽ档
ĽᵽͷôˣʵڲģʮܶӯҲöҰɹΪ
ǰô£
Ľ̾ϢһҡͷðɣֵܣҲˣôô죬㴦ãӦã
뵽ʮҵϴһĻ뵽Ǹþǹɱصĸоޱȡ
һ淢£ɱ϶ЩĥʹҲҪʬΣó
˽⸵ʯĸоԼ
ЩĲ׺ɽ뵽鴽ХһʱХֻӥ䵽ϡ

˶ϵǰĥд˼仰Ȼϵӥצϣӥŷߡ
ĽѯǵΣһж֪ͨܵ飬һ˲죬ûʲôˡ
ʯǰһƣʯѨ⿪ˣؿʹʧһա
㡪㡪ſڵأŵغޣ¡
Ľ̾Ϣֵܣܸڰա
ʯһĨȥϵıˮЩ˼ּЦˡ
ĽҡͷֵԣֻܼЦ
ʯ̾ϢһϣСң֮òãǻ쵰ҪˣȴʮɱˣҶ̫̫
Ľͷ
ʯ֣ҪʬҰǳˣ
Ľͷ㴦ã
ãʯڵһվڵ棬ת뿪ţɽС³ȥ
ĽЦҡҡͷλʯǷ뵽ԻĽ
Լ¶Ҫ˼Уÿ¶Ҫ˼ǰ󣬵ȥֱ˲ġ
ڴպֱֹȥּң̫ˣԼûд￪ȥ򻹲
ĴҪһʱ䣬ɢȥºԼžˡ
ʮܺô꣬ңڣٵĸǰе޻أǶǳ޼
ʮףǱһɱɺ䶯ŻѸϯ£˲֪
еʹ죬Ƿ鱨ΧмңҲһˣ
뵽ԾԾԣҪ뿪ˡ

Ҫȴ£ֻСϳһˣԼһң峤ݡ
ͷ֮ȥصĸʯ
ĽȻ˴һ£ڴŴվŴʯôڸʲô
ʯǽݣһţկǰʱ϶һͣԴſݻҶ
Ľǰһףһסˡ
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Ľͷá
˿һ³˭Ϊʯߵ
ĽЦЦÿط
ʯվĽߣ˻ӻ֣ǽȥҵķԸ죡֣ȥһʮܣҪó
ĽУȥæɡ
ʯֱߣҪȥһ˵ҵľˣ
ûĽѾʮͬھˣĽɱʮܣھ
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ǰͣڳ⣬ǣ·һ壬һվ˽Щʬ׵
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Ľ븵ʯһ·˽ǧɵţЩǶǧɵĵӡ
Ľ룬ûʲôǧɡ

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˳Ǻ󣬸ʯߣһֱߵ룬һլǰͣ£̧ͷһдš֡
լӺɣ֮۸ӣլӳвѣǸ
һ˴ײײܳһ˵ʯǰүɻϷ˲
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òҺ񣬹еĵ˵үȥϷֱӾͻȥˣѹˣ񲻺ãһֱأүͺ
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תͷּ£ȥһ̣Ͼͻأ
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֪һ˶ǹŮֻôһӼ̳
Ϸ˰òУˤˣ»ˣһ˵ţɽϷֱӼˡ
Ľ̾˿Ľֵܣ˹ذ
Ц֪ϣﻹЩˣ
ĽЦе˵ˣԼǹ¶Сʦɽѧգճɽ֡
Ц˵үĸٰ˷Сͷһδѻظ
˵ŻʯҴҹЦ֣ûɣ
ĽЦϷˣ
ʯڰ֣ӹǽʣõĲһһˣ䣬ˣҲˣûˣ
˰ֵ壬˵һλӢۻһԷ
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ĽЦͶ㸸׵Ĵˡ
һʶģߣȥ԰ơʯվ˺԰
˴Ժӣ԰ƹּŵǰȻʣһƬСϼˮСͤӱ˴ˣۣž¡
ϱߵСͤﴫͤŮڸ٣дű
ĽȥͤŮ˶䲻÷ǣҲѵõ˶


596 ǧ
ĽŲһͣŤͷʯЦǱһܰɣ
ʯڰ֣ʲôܣֶŮûôིߣһĽ㡣
˵ţҾǽ鼫ԼˣŻҾ治رӡ
ĽЦⲻãȥ𴦰ɡ
ʯе㣬Ľ㣡
ȻֹŮֻСܣ
Ůöһ󴺷棬ͣ׽
ʯŤͷٺЦ֣ŤŤӺɷˬһЩߣȥĽ㣡
ĽЦҡҡͷٶ˵Ҫģ޹غˬ񣬲Ϊ书ǿڡ
ʯĽ۵ĻȣСͤ
ͤΧһȦɴʣƮƮסһЩ磬ͤЩů֮УΪĽů¯
ʯϰ٣һˮһ̵ġ
Ůӭǰ´Ÿʯǰͷһĸʺ϶ȣһллأСˡ
һŮСӯԲݺݵĵСǲǷȻȥţɽ
ʯЦеĵĽ㣬ⲻǺúû
ߣӣСŮ̲ޣƲƲЦ
һŮã˵Ҳûã´λԵġ
㣬̫ư̼ģСŮߵ
ѽ޳ŮͷŤͷСܣ´αˣһи̣ôôܵˣ
ǣ㣬֪ʯͷεĵ
ѽ޳ŮҡҡͷתĽǸȻ΢Цλӣʧˡ
Ľȭﲻض硣
ԭӡ޳Ůס
ʯæ֣㣬٣Ľ㣬
Ůһۡ
ʯǺЦĽ㣬ʮˣ

ˣһæɱǣ
ʯûĵ˵أ
ƾèı£Ҳ룬˭ɱˣƲߵ
ʯȻ̧ͷͦأһȻԶߣǰ
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ɱʮܣҲģ˭Ҳš
ʯ֣
ŮţæʮܵʬҹˣڳأҪɹϼ죬ο֮飡
ɱʮܣٳ
ĽЦȷʵɱġ
ǸȻСŮӲǲŹӣֻǴ̫˼֪˵źá
ĽЦЦ˵ңҲǴˣûһһƣŽҵʤ
Σɱʮܣ츣̾Ϣ
´Ľ书̫ᣬСܲɡ
ĽЦЦû˵
ʯĽ㣬ŲңֵҲ࣬ΪȴԶǶǾ֮ܣԶĲ˵˵ǺСգǵĵӸᣬȴǾĸ֣
Уܳ˰ɣڰ֣ŤͷĽдһôҵ书Ҳģ
Ľ㣬ͱ˰ɣʯ
бһۣĽôӺɷ򣬲һŮӰɣ
ĽЦʤ֮䡣
Ҫ˭Ҳ˵Ťͷ㣬˵ѽ
ٳһ£ͷðɣҪСģ㵽ΪֹĪҪ˺
ķģһģæͷ
ʯҡͷǲĽģ˲֣
Сӣţûĵһۡ

ٿİνֱ̣磬˲䵽ĽǰĽһ࣬ܿ⡣
ǰصšһᣬΪƽƽĽм
Ľǰָһһ죬ĽĽָײһ
֡
Ľһָ֮û㹦̫ϲÿŪ̫Ρ
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ҲˬֱӲ彣ʣߵȻҲǶ֣
ĽЦűȭá
Ϊɱʮܣεֵģ˵˵£
ٵʮÿ˶һ书ǵĺϻ֮˵ӵֵˣ˵ӵֵʮˣ粻һ
Ľľ򵥵˵ˣɱʮֻܺһܼ򵥵£ɸ㶨
ǶģҲɱܴƽ˵һս󵱼ҵսǸ÷˼
ʯҲЩţ֣ô˵Ǵ󵱼ҵĲָ֣һаļһǲǣ
Ľͷȷʵˡ
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Ľ룬νħܾҪԸѰָûл֮ʵΪҵħͷ
ʯ㱾¡
ĽͷȻ޵֮书аȴп֮ҪԸаͽ书ķŸˡ
ѽʯҡҡͷЦһΪЩֻоء
ĽЦֵܣ뷨Ǵشб书ö࣬гɵĸɮв˼ͨ书Сˡ
ҸյҪ̸ɮȥʯ

˵ŻĹһ˹òݣףˣ븵ʯФȻĸ׸
Сͤ΢ЦлĽľ֮˵ȮӣһʮȣȮӵһ
ĽЦǫ䣬ʯ¿ˣ˵˵̫ѾͷԵίʵαҶˣα㡣
⻰Ľ븵˵ЦˣԷſ˵˵ЦЦ
ܿðһϯֱСͤһŮǸʯĸס
Сͤһ߳һģĽԼһ·ϵľɱЩˣЩøʯֱ񫡣
Ȼһ뷨ҪĽһε֣壬ħŸĸӦ
ҡͷѣ֪ӵ̫çײһһҺߵľ飬ʹһ书ȥ֮Ҳûۣ˼ҡ
֣书ҪģҪǻ飬书ߵĻˣ
ӵֱ̫ʲô˵ʲô಻ɳӣòƽ£ҩͰһţʺϴ֡
ģ书ٸҲûãһȥԵã˹գû̫Ŀ
۸ʯô˵ô󣬸ֻһҡͷӦ
ΣʯʹռУҪȥ̡
ҡͷСӣ̾أҲӦȥֻ֣Ը
ʯʲôãΣٶ飬ʮģһҲûУ
ųףֻܹ˲ãʹģҲûãҽ֮һҪڵ֮£
Ѳһӻıӻ֮£ʯûĵ
ЦЦδһָ
ʯһŤĽ֣һ֣壬Ǻεȿ⣬Ӧɣ
ĽЦЦҡͷֻžѵͷӡ˻һ㣬Ҫ

Ȱ봳֣ðȰǧ׽˵գǧ׽ûɾ봳֣ȥǧɶ
ã˵ģʯһ̧ͷȻ
˵ģǧ׽
ؿɴСǧ׽ֻһֱضҪһϲءЦ
üͷһʯǧ׽
ȻҪȻĸȥʮܣʯٺЦǵ⣬˵ɣһҪӦҰɣ
룬εĵͷðɣҴӦˣ
ʯһҪȴĸװסЦ˵Ī˼Цôˣһ
Ҹֲˣαôƽϣʯڰ֣ΪȻЦ֣ҪӦ˰ɣ
ĽЦЦðɡ
ЦȮӾͰˣʲôҲˡ
ĽڰЦؿ븵ֵǺѣ鴳ֵһ׮¡
˾ɢϯʯ԰Ľ͵һСԺ
ԺûֱߣĽԺУһ߿ϵһ˵л
ʯ죬һ㣬ȥ
ԡ¹⣬Цеĵ֣㿴ĽΣ
ĽЦЦǺŮˣò绨ܺãò
ϲ㻹Ľ㣿ʯЦеʡ
ĽЦҡͷֵĪЦ
ʯûЦ񣬵ʲôţ˵ĽЩûгǸʲô˵ʲôӲ£˷ġ
ĽЦǶܺãûгɼҵ뷨ɷҵٳɼҲ;
ʯϧĵ֣ʧʧĽ㶼ֵģ㲻֣˾ͱ
ĽǺЦǾףܵһκԵ

ѽǲ飡ʯҡҡͷ̾ǺðɣĽһ޸㣡
ĽҡͷʧЦЦˣ
ʯɫҿûЦģ
Ľĸ֮ý֮ԣ˵Щɲɡ
Ѿ˵ˣҲͬˣʯЦ
Ľҡҡͷ̫æǸ˵գֵܣɫ磬ȥ˯ɣ
ʯ̧ͷͷǲˣðɣ˵
Ľҡͷѣ뿪ˣɵ룬Ȥ⸵ʯǸˣһӶ
ΪƽͣûʲôҰģӲʺһţǧҲǿ
ŮȷʵˣһһѾģծŮֻԶ۲ġ
Ǽ޸ԼһǿԼ书ǿΪʯǱ֮
βܴӦġ
ڶ峿һû꣬ʯѾˡ
ʯȣȻǳˣЦǺǵĴк˯ÿɺã
ĽͷԲͣƫƫΧ¶ӿһһŵ
ʯתͷȥ˽ѧ˽ִɡ
ĽЦֵܣдһ£ʶһǧ׽
ʯתͷЦðҲд⣡βֻ㲻
Ľ˵һԾһΪһĽٶ졣
Ľӽһָʯ佣⣬ٴһַǡýĽ
ĽǿᣬһûȫȴҲףΪĽû뵽
ǧ׽ȷʵв֮Ľ¶Цݣٴһָиĳ
һǵ˽˵޷ˡ
ʯǷٶȸ죬죬ǧ׽֮ɡ


597 
ĽЦ֪׽ĵϸ
׽ȷʵһĽʽ࣬µӲƴܣԽԽ㣬ǧ׽ǡǡ෴ܣӲ
ԶԷΪαãʽ࣬ķж֮ܽ
˽ŵͬԣƾȴϳˣĽ
Ȼһڸʯ֮ʱܿһǡѾδ֮ʡ
ʯһεء
֮һ̳綾߳һ´̵Ľǰ
ĽŤܹ֮ԽУʯֲһ£һ͡
ҪٽӺɭɭģͷһƣӱָţԶһǰ;ܴ̽
ҡͷЦѽУ̾˿
ĽЦսǧ׽
ʯûĵ⻹ңһҲ߲
Ľ⽣Ǻǡ
òԾʯæʡ
Ľʯæֲ֣ˣʲô˵Ҿģ
ĽЦǺãҾղŵʽ
ðʯ۾һָ֪Լء
ĽЩݣᣬ书ȴʤףɱʮܣʵУָܵ㣬ǳ
ĽԸ£ͽѣֺãǲģʯУ棬̫Сġ
УĽһΪһ⸩ʯ
ʯһһʽղԼʩչһģһ˿Ƹʤһ֡
Ȼ֪Լҽ֮ϸ˫һűܹˣתȥ
ȴĽһ㣬ֱֱŵʯ¡
ʯ˫һٴαܿĽֽغ磬ףʮ㡣

ʯǧ׽죬۾н⣬Ľ֮ʻα䡣
ȴĽ˳ƺˣҪ֮ýһ㣬ٴηһ
ȥȥʩչʽʽνԲ⣬ʯģܿѧᡣ
ĽսʣЦԣһû⣬͵ɣȴӦ㴳֣Ǻʱ
Ȱʮܴ꣡ʯЦ
ĽֵܣҴʵڲǣһ·̫ƽӣɱɱ⡣
ã̫ƽҺαسȥʯЦ
ĽҽҪȥ䣬ν岻˳Ϊ֮ǿۣ˰ҾͻͶңдˡ
Ҫȥҵ䣿ʯȵᣬ뷨
ĽЦҵĿӢƼո֡
ʯҡͷ̾˿ƾ书˷ҶһƷģϧˡ
ϧʲôĽЦʡ
ʯᣬǴΪʱ򣬲壬淽Ч񲻿ϧ
ĽЦЦֵܣɲܵԣȵιԼĶ˵Լһ˱ϾƵɾޡ
ʯȱǮܿڣǧ䲻ɣܳԱӵģڳмҵ̡
ĽҡҡͷúܣӣǴɱɱ
ʯֵǺЦˡ
ĽЦʲôʯֻҡͷЦǲ˵
°룬⻰ӱ˵ûʲô˵ʵǺЦɱ˶˰ɣţկһɶνɱ˲գۣһ˿ûֶΡ
Լ룬ԼܲºɱôˣȥȴԼܲסôпѹ

ι󣬸ʯЦˣ糿ң㵽׿㻹Ľ㣬һȢ
Ľ¶Ц븵ﶼ˶޵ģΪƫƫҪԼ
ļʽҪŮ͸Լһ㣬ʵŹ֡
ǲǾҵЩ֣ʯ
ĽͷԸʯˣ˵ʵò
ʯ̾ҲǱƵãţկŲԶܾǵ۸Ҷ㣬ڵֵܱʮɱˣɱʮܣܸм㣬ʵڲ֪α𡣡
Ľϵ˻Եʯǰ£ʹҲˣĽ㲻ƽ
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ʯ⻰ɱĽ˵֪˵ˣң
ĽЦҡҡͷ
Ļȷʵ˵ģʯҲֱڿ죬ɰȥŮҵ֣֮ġ
ʯĽ㿴˼׼ģĻǾͷԣ˵ǺˣгϢʱͷڿҪǶĽľͺˣ
Ľ˵ŵ书ǿĽȻû˵ģ
ĽЦҡͷλﶼ飬է֣ҵδɣʵûгɼҵ˼ֻܹλˣ
£ǳˣҪʲôҵʯʵ
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ҵĽǧɽģ£ʯ
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Ľֵ̾ܣĺҸмʹûǰܳɼҷģ¾˰ɣǾ
ðɣϧĽûʯҡͷ̾Ϣ

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ɽΪɽһֻ쳤ХǶգɽһɴˣҲ˼ɡ
β٣ܣѧѹطֹж
ɽϵĵûţկȴҲһѺĽ֪鱨ȴϤΣиʯڡ
վɽ̧ͷĽһϮʯҲܱݵĶȥ
ҪҲĽʯֻǴ֣Ҵ书ǧʵҲã׸鷳ɱ֮
Ľ֮۸ɽ۵ףɽһƬկӣԳһƬء
ĽȻתͷԼԶʮԼԶ
룬תͷֵܣǵһȥ˹ˡ
áʯͷƮ䵽Աߵ˳棬йݡ
ؼǸʯĽҲ̫ͷѾɱ˲ٵˣѾ˺ܶеǺ£Ϣĸɣ鷳
˶㵽ſһϣһ򣬳ӻƥĴ󳵣ڵĳ͸ء
Ա߻ʮʿźɫװϾȣ˿ûз糾̬֮
ǻɵĴΧ˫
ʮʿΧڵУȻǱڣЩ˵Ϊףﶨݵġ
Ľ˼ۣ⳵﾿ʲôˡ
ʯҪ˵æͷһʿɨŸʯλãӦĿ⡣
ʯһͷ죬û뵽ЩһСĻᱻǷ֡
ңʱ򱻷֣һͻ˵ˣǵľ񣬸Ǹ֣Լֲ˺á

Ȼͣסʮʿָţսǰӣļռأǻס
ǻûִָ꣬һȣ֡
ʮ˴ֳű򵶻򽣣ʮʿм˳
ϵʿЦһ׷׷뿪ڿаγӽһƬƬ⡣
ʮ˵Ľ⼫뽣ӵģĪۣбɣҲŷɳȥ
ٴ࣬ȴңޱȡ
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Ľ˫΢УΪߵһΪνѷʮˣһ֡
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ѵǳ͢ĸ߹٣ĽüʵڲЩ͢ĸ߹ٴ򽻵һĻֻйûи飬ദˡ
ʮת۹򶼵ڵϣʯĿɿڴ֮һһʱ鷳
ʲôˣһϺһʿƮת۵˸ʯŵ¡
ʯƮȭλ֣
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޳ݣòӢһ˫۾ˣ˫޳ʺýԼʮ֮꣬䡣
ʯһ¸ܣ֪λǺηʥ̴
ĽѾ˵ˣʵ֣øǧ鷳ͻܣСܣֵҲǼ
ɷɫвգһ֣ǲɵģĽȰҲûãֻܻܡ
ܣûǵ㲻֪кͼ˫۽ʯ

ʯʢ̬ˣʱЪϢѵǼҵģܵ𣿣
˵ĪǲЦ
ʯٺЦ֣ˣϡˣЪһЪţ֣֮ðԵ
СĻӿڳСʵӳ
ʯŭ죬ȵ
ɫ֣䶢ŸʯһԲ
ʯЦĪ书ߣܺаԵûˣ
γȻһԾǰӽؿڣţؿѨ
мһֱ֪ûУӾӣãνͻϮǰ־һʾΪ
ִ֮䣬ʯӦŽٽȴţҪȴġ
һ죬Աߵȥʯæһܹ˽⣬Ѿ乺
Ľվڸʯǰźӣ˴ˣ˷Լ㣬ºαͱˣ
䶢ͷ⣬ֿĽϵĽʲôˣ
硣ĽȭҪȥɽɽˣе
磿룬ҡҡͷû˵
㾹û˵磿ǹªأʯ̲סе
Ц
ɱţɽʮܣ㲻ʯȻߵ
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ҡͷ¶һ˿ЦݣʧȣΪλһү
ĽЦЦڰ֣ˣֻЪһЪţϾҪԭŰһѣȴϹˣ

˸ʯɫԾģȻûͻС֮ˣȻӸղŵľٶˡ
İʺϣȻݲͣȴûȤֱӾܾˡ
һ£ֱĽ֮ŵЦһ£˵һǱ뿪ˡ
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ĽЦֵܣ˼ƾʲôܵһûȥɣ
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ĽֵܣܵʲôֲǽС㣬ܲ
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ĽЦЦסˣ书ǣعڻϺܶ࣬ÿضܰԼ
ʯ¶ЦݣãҪ
ӱͻƢÿȥÿ죬ӲȥĽôһȰ⣬Ҳɢˡ
˵Żִߺҽеཻ
ִˣʯæһԾִüǰԶۿΣ²
ĽҡͷЦЦƮԱһԶȥ
Χסʮʿһٶ˵ΧȥЩ׽⣬Ӧ
书ףʮ˶ԸʮʿǸʿƴ书ǹ
ǹǹǹɢȻ֮
ĽһɨЩ˵ӦԾӣԶѰ˿ɱȣɭϣоݣ·Ȼ
ǹ󣬶ֶָԿҪģ书ǿǹֻһۿߡˡ
ųţȵΧʮʿݲȵĿ˽ǰ뻮һĴ̳ǹ
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598 ׷굶
һܼʮ֧ǹͬʱ̳γһԲ󣬻ӽƴ񵲡
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һǹ֪֮ѩ׵ǹżԣ̳֮ʣţóһ滨
Ľһӵǹǹһһǵǹ󣬱֪иָ㣬Ǿиˡ
ǹ˰ٱ֮⻰ǹҲҴҲϣûʦָ㣬һҲò侫
һʮǹ
˺ǹǹòã˶ִ
ʿǹǹֻΪ䳤ɱаˣֻѧһСǰ̡
ǹһ޵ãʮ˵а˵׾٣Ϊн죬͡
Ľ˵ǹʵ˿๦ģֲɽǹָָû֮ء
ܼͣʮʿͣĺˣ
ðкһʿе
ǸղŽֵλҧ̫Ѩ˫ȼգŭһӻͳһ˦˳ȥ
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Ϊղź˵İŸʯȴûɶøУȻɽ˲ʲôöҲǺҧһëǴȥмֻ
ĽǴڼףǾˡ
ڼײϡ棬˶ڼףǵҲԶ׼ǹûٹɳ˵ָ㲻ɽ治ƽأĽûҹۿȥ
ʯһ䣬˺ߣûٶ˵
׾˵ǿƣȻֲƽѧûôƣϾǿˣɲҪ˾ӣֻ·һ
ǹһƳ̾Ϣ˵ȻǶ˰Ҳðɣ
͡է䣬ĺâʮʿʱ˻Ҫߡ
ߣһӳ﷢ʱƽϢ
ʮʿ𣬻ų캮âס䵽ϵһЩɵ
żһ֧©嵽˳ϣеһߣʮʿɫ΢䡣
ģǰ壡һĺʿһȻųǰǹ
壡ʿŭһȥһǣŵǰ壬ӳɹܡ
˼״ҲʩΪһ飬һǰ壬缸ܼǹС
ǹھ룬ǹ˵ȻԶԿɣνǹҵģһţս
û뵽ʮʿ˹û֮±˽ʱһңǹ
ʹˣʮʿҲˣеĸ첲ϰǹеϰ˼ǹǶڼף޴󰭡
ʣʿǰûǰ壬˫ڣԽСɨܣӥ
ĽԵͷǾгģº¶ʧܡ

֣ʤ𣿡ʯƮ䵽Ľߣץź֦̽ͷʵѹõͣȴڲס˷ܡ
Ľҡͷ
ʤˣʯŵʣЩ˲ˣҪܣ
Ľи֡
ʯȻ򣬸ղһʹǹĸ֣ѰӦܲסЩʿסš
Ȼشһȣʮ½
һ죬ǹһǺˣȴݲȣһ˿ңĺˡ
ʮʿˣðѪҪճסһ°ڿƣԼһƴɱ׷ѹ
٣ˣһЦУһǹΪߣʮˡ
߷ýѣٶƫֹĪ⣬ֻǹӰʹǹˣǹΪһ塣
һ˶ʮˣ·ķ˶һʿæңֻǹӰϯԼһСľ֮ǣߵˣ޷õֻܶһӦԡ
ܼǹ󹥻ܲڶʮʿƴֵӦǹ
Ϊսأʱǹ¼ᣬǰϱҪС
̾ϢУмһһ߹ȰǹӰ֮С
飡УǹӰʧһ˺һǹһ㣬ǹסˡ
۾΢ţֻ¶һ߹⣬ֿǹ󣬿ڷɳʲôˣΪλʹǹ
üʲôǹ
ϸۣͷɣ
ɫ΢䣬ǾǶˣ
ߵһЦǹǰܵҲԩ
תͷʮʿǹҲǳǹ񣬿ϧӢţû뵽˺ˡ
ЦŲ˵
ߵͣ°ɣˮ
ͣ˰ڰ֣ǹʱֹס

ʮʿһǸˣƣٴȥԽԽղ
ߵС磬ͨǹǳ̲ȥͶɣ֮أҵӣǴɷ֮£αش˷ʱ⣡
ҡҡͷ˵
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鴫ɣЦеʡ
ʿЦͷ˵ǹ˵ǹһܵķǹ磬¼еĶǹ
ʱЩΪȻǹλͣӣɳ֮ѧСɵ־ѧֲ˺á
ǹԼǳѧ֮Ҳڴټ
߿һˣǾ͵һգȥУȥʦҡ
˵תߣߺȻһȣСģ
æһȴˣ䴫ʹηŤͷȴǹӰһſɡ
ŭһŤתһߣ˫綾߳ٿǹ
顱һ죬ڿз˸ͷغײ
Ʈأ漴һʮʿǰǹΪԲϣʮʿæңʱƺߡ
ǽƣ֮Ъһٽģ仯˰ģʱǹ
˵ǹ˲ͬһǹ£ֱһѪڼǹֽƬ죬á
ͬʱǹһҪĸˣֱӵأʮҪ۾ɳŭ˻ų

ЦмɨһۣǹΪһԣٴν˾Уתʿ
ããߴЦЦ͸ſ̹ǵĺ⣬ΪһײǹӰС
飡飡飡ƺУһ֣վԭأɫơ
˵ɶغĺ˼˫һҪ£æǹ֧סǿվסˡ
ۣ³һѪηҪأʹǹҲ֧ס
ߣû뵽ھ˴һƿǹؿڣ·һֻ£ǰһ󷢺ڣ
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Լжʮ꣬ο࣬Ũüۣмӣͬ꣬˲С
ߣȰְģҡͷ磬ظҳ˰գ
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㡭˵һۣ˵һѪ
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Ƴһۺߣ϶ùֵ֮֮ȥڲͣƻ塣
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ʲôˣʣʡ
ӽ˫ӥ﷭˴һǹ̴б׻Ѿˡ
ʹбףסǹ⣬ȴסǹȻˡ
¸㣬ܣ˳׷굶㵽ﱨɱϴүţҵµģûһǧҲа˰٣һһЦǾˡ
׷굶ʯ
Ľתͷʣź죿
ǣѷʮܣһĶ֣Ī⣬ײףû뵽ȴɽˣʯҡͷ̾Ϣ
ԭ׷굶ΪԼ׷굶ǰӺɷ򣬶׷굶ºۡ

Ľͷ˽ⲻйǷ鱨ȴרעּ뷽ңﲻ̫˽⡣
ԭ㣡ҡҡͷ䱾ˣκΪû뵽õˣȴɽģ
һЦ±ɽˣȴˣڱôǺˣ
γ󵶣˸ˡ
һָߣЦƷҵĵӵ
һ˲䵽߸ǰΪһ
ƻеȴĺɫ䡣
úãܽһҲ㱾£ЦЦ͸ųĺ
áǹ˺Ȼȡ
ϣ༸ʿһæǰҪæ
أһ֣ҪĵףԭҲǹ֮ĵĴˣ
ǺǣĵһЦҡͷǵһףϧȫǰͷҳԭĵ
񵽵ǵףüͷ
ɽϣⱾףһǹףһ飬ԵɣЦ
ԭˣ̾Ϣһҡҡͷ
Ը󣬴Ϊ֮Ҫ֣ԭһᡣ
ЦҡͷñܣͿ·ɣ
Ϊһ磬˲䵽ǰĳƷ֮ÿһƶ׼ȷе
һ֮֮һһֵǰû·ĵϲһһ
ľϸ룬˳ֱȥȴס
Ĺۣǰһ󷢺ڣ֮УģҪ˯ȥ

̾Ϣĵû뵽ɽҰ֮ؾֻ֣ܹ˲á
ʹ״̬ʱĵҲаʤˣҪڴ˵ˣ˴羰Ҳһõط
ס֣һʿȣܵģ֪ʲôˣ
ʲô˲𣿡ǹһһĭھʦУǵĵؽ磡
һϢһȻŭɱɭɭǹǹݺĸҲǹ£ͷһγôĿ
֪ʲôˣʿЦб
ס죡߳
һĲֻزǱڰԻԸ
ЩѻԽԽ󣬻֧ٲʰǣ֮ǡ
ʿϣʱ˲ܲ˵ˣ
߳ߣţ
һʿǽİ׹˷ܹܣ
㡪߲ȻŭǱĶˣŭȵǲΪ
ǰĺʿ죬ǿĵϣʱˣ˲ñܣȹ˵˵գͷ봦֣
ҡͷ̾Ϣ૵ŰţΪӵɣø죡
ǹɫһ䣺ĸ
һʿЦм
ǷҵǸɫء
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ʿɫ΢䣬òܵЦȻ﷢ëȻʲô¡
ǹҡҡͷĿһ
𵶹һܣ
ߺëһһ֧ʸȴѾƿնܿȴѾˡ
һ֮ƺ˺仯һһϢûƿ
߼ʹоѾˣܿʱѵִ
һ죬ʸȻԱߵһСʯӻ
һϲæȵл֮
Ȼи˰г֣һСʯӵ˾ʸԼ
͡һХƿն߱һٶԶʤǰһ


599 ɽ
͡һСʯӻмʸںը
ʯתͷ֣㡭
Ľȥɡ
ʯεĵͷĽ֣档
ûʲôøУϾ죬ܼȣɽļһǲǺö
ֲǰˣԭаʸ񣬻ԼҲˣ
ǻʼҽ֮ÿһ˶ǧѡľӢҪģҲ书ǿԶͬ٭
ǴãλߣʹȨҲ֣˭ǻʵ۵أ򹷻ÿˣǣ͵˻ʵۡ
˵λһƽˣһƽգȻûʲôеҲȻ
ԼΪǧɵţڳ͢˵ƽͷգܵҲʲô
ʯοһԼĽ˽ǰ
ʿ¶ϲΨһʿɫŹ֣ĿĽǰֵʿ
Ľ˸ǰ΢ЦףλܾˣҪɣ
һʿǰһȭмĵл̨Ԯ֣ҵȸм
Լʮ꣬òݣʱӣҲɲ棬ס
Ľȭ񣺡·ƽεҲӦɽʩк޹¸˲٣ʵһ󺦣Ҫǰѵһû뵽λսһʡҲ鷳
ʿ¶Цݣǰλᣬ˵ȴʵһٵϡ
ȭ³Ӣδ̨մ
Ľ΢Ц磬λǸܡ
ԭһ֮³Ӣȭ˵
ĽƮݲȻ֮ˣû˵֮࣬鶯֮
Ϊ֮һҲһʶ˵ı£֪˵˻˵Ͷá

Ľͷãд⡣
кȻɳһСʯӣ³Ӣ
³Ӣһܿ
ഫһ죬һŤͷȥűߵһ֧ͷǶһСʯӡ
Ŀ˿ĽԷ֮
˵СʯǼʯУǡǡˣʯǶ˼ʸС
Ľ˵һڳǹƮƮĳһƣ翪Ц
顱Ƥ򷢳죬һ·𱻳ȥ˹ͷ̱ȥίڵأֱӱ
硪裬ȥŭһһԾĽǰӵն
ĽƮƮһĳƣз
һͷƣɫѾŤ˫ͨ죬ƺҪγѪȻ˸鼫
źײֲ֪ʱһذףںûйȭĽؿڣذ״С
һ̼ΣĿ⣬ذ׺޹ûкҲûɱϢ
Сģߴ󾪡
ĽҡͷЦЦƮƮӭȭһʹһ˿ס󣬷һת
ɡһ죬󶸵һۣȫۣòסذף֮ʱĽֳס
һɡУһȻǹͷˡ
۶ֻһϼԽŤɲĽȭŵ
˫棬ĿɱˣĽʮ顣
ͣһХһʸƿնĽؿڣĽܹʸͬʱӭȭͷ
Ƶ󣬷һתɡһٴ۶ϣ˫־ϡ
˫֣ƣײĽҪײ
Ľû֮⡣

СģæС
ۣȻ³һâ
˽ߣһâף˲伴ĽһŤͷܹˣƮƮһġ
飡һ죬ֱֱɳȥ䵽⣬ǹ˲һ
Ľҡҡͷ¶ϧ飺ϧˡ
ʯŨһɫǺ죬ղ⼸̫죬ýţס˺˲ŷ
ΧشϢǱȸʯò˶١
ʯ°£Լ治Ǵϣźƣˬֱ󷽣ûʲôĻȫ书ʤ
˭뵽ôֶΣذףİǷʤԼ˸ûлĻᡣ
ԭΪ书Ҫڿ书Ҳɣܵ˼Ŀ⣬ѸݵķӦ
Լ֣ʹһùҲûôģҲ﷭
ǰȭл֮
Ľæ֣Цҵǰˣ磬ҺѸܣǡˣ֮Ҫᣡ
Цݣҡͷõãûж֣ϹͷѾˣǣǰһң
ʿ°棬û뵽ҲЦƽһֱǰȻ֣أʹЩ壬ҲǰûһЦ⡣
ǶΪЦҲ֣û뵽ܿôЦǴ󳤼ʶˣ
³ӢȭϣǰδãҪҪ׷
ºǰǹɢɢӣת۲Ӱӣ׷ȴֻˡ
һЩСආֵ̫ģǵû⣬ֻǶڰļȴð졣
˼ļܹϢ˷ʤ

ĽЦ㿴أ
ĽҡͷǶΪ֮ﵱϧֲͽκΣ
̾Ϣͷǰ̫ԶҲˣֻܷһǸһĹµĻᣡ
ĽЦԸץסᡣ
Ҳ˵⻰˵üΪȥ˵ʴ֮١
ȻǻʹĻƽվǲͬ
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Ľæڰ֣лǰʢ飬ˣʹ˸ˣ
תҪߣŴ򿪣һλߣ׷ͯգüĿмɷǣ·ϼ̡
Цеıȭۼհףлȣ
ĽȭЦ׹ˣʷᣬ֮Ͱˣûʲô
׹ͰȻöûһ̫ļϸйɶصŷɡ
òѹֳΪܹܣܹڽȨƼ󣬿ν֮
׹ЦʣۼȴܵˣѵõĻԵ֪ηϣиĸˣ
Ľҡͷұǹ¶һֱʦɽУŸɽ
׹ЦͬڣۼҲǹ¶õ˹һڷԣƵ
ĽǺЦ˼ٶ˵
׹ۼҼøˣԵѵãҪ׽ȥһΣ
ĽҡͷǸȻ׹ĺ죬ܶұΣ
׹ϧҡͷȻɣҲûʲôۼֵʲôǮ¡
ӻͳһľƣԼаƴСһֻСźɰƺˡ
黢ۼԼ̵ģ£ʲôʱ򾭹ʦҪǰкǺúһģ׹Ц
ĽӹľƣЦá
׹Цеĵƾҵۼҡ

䣬ĽȭȻУߵرܣھʦֻҪʾƣ׹ϻ֪
Ľͷлߡ
ߵ˾ʦҪ֪һһ֮ꡣ
ĽЦŴӦˡ
ֵһɽĵǹѵһľѧ书Ϊο档
ĽЦЦͷá
ĸǣꥶȥʮһһϰѣȭǵ
ת۹ΧˣֻеѪ
Ҳûʲôʯҡҡͷʧ̾
ĽЦЦ˵̧ͷߣȥɽתһתܲҵţ
ʯһЦãҵſɾͷˣ
Ҳףã̫һǹһĵһһľѧԼǧ׽ǿ˺ü
Ľɽ϶ȥ˰ɽǰһկţʯͷŸǽɽҪ
Ҫǿկ̫ʵկһͱϣֶֻû֮أɽկֻܿŴµ
ʱҪȥȫṦôߵĵط뿿ṦȥɲףҪ
ʯ̧ͷ˿¶Ц
ϲȥʹƾṦȥԼҲǼʯͷ֮ߵ;ͻ٣
֮£Ƕλָͬʱϣǲܹ˹һȥĻᡣ
תͷĽĽЦԿɡ
ʯҡͷ֣Ҳɡ
ĽЦЦԹô֪Ұһѣ
ôʯʵ

ĽЦһ󱳣߰ɣ
ʯֻһɻӿ˽ʱƤ򣬹оһȦ
Īתһȭܰˣ֪ǴָоȴЦһãҲ
һ䣬η˳ȥ顱һײʯϣǶ˽ȥѿϡ
л֮Ʋǰһľ΢ݣһֱѥӣȻɳţܲӦ
壬ײһ¾Ȼһ㲻ۣʯײӡΡ
ʩչι磬ûйʡһûгĸоЩָоԼöã
ת۹ɣŤͷ£ȴĽվûЦеĴԼȻǲġ
֣գʯĵ
Ľڰ֣Сһǰ
İգûأʯһְֻ˰ڡ
µ⣬ֶֻʩչι˴ǰҲ룬ĺôԼ̫עؽӦˣ
뷨˱仯֫ʤʩչιϣһֻڻߣٶĿ졣
һХɽկǽͷͷһɨȥԼнˣˢˢĿŸʯ
ʯͷһţô˸ӣĪѹңȴԼıؽһ籩ꡣ
תγװʼ衣
ҴȥȺдһ
ѽȥСȫδɵĳСӴ
һߺһ߶ʱ裬Ÿʯæӽֵáͣ
¶Цݣˣʩչ𽣷Ҳʮ㣬ǧ׽ܲ͸磬Ѽ굲˻ȥ

ʯͷȺдȡ
һһʯͷ˹ӵü׼䵽ʯͷЩʯͷдСĥ̴ССֻаƴ󣬶ǼӲʯ
ḥ̂Сʯ飬׼ʯΣֻܻӽֵס
ֻǵһܲסιʩչæԱ߱ܿʯͷʯϷ顱졣
вŤͷ¿ȥĽ΢ЦַʩΪҽţ
ʯͷȻ˺һʩչιһֻڻɿߡ
ߵǡ֮ͣһ͵һۣȻۣۣȻûй̶·ߣתת仯
ʯͷʯҷ׷߽ɣһ죬ʯ٣һߵ䵽Լϣһ߾úܴ̼
һ򣬸ʯɣҪǽͷˡ
ǽϵǲţ¶΢ЦֻЦڿһˣȡֶѡ
ˮպ𣿡˴ʡ
ϺãԶش
𣬽ŵĥ˶ˣյҲûã
úãԶش
ڵļǽͷǾţƶλã׼ĸʯ
ʯһǴһгԼǿҲûãû취ˮò
֣ʯνе
Ľţ
˵ŻһʮϿգһʯڣٴʮɣʯߡ
ʯеҪˮ
ĽЦЦ⵹ǸҲûʲôߣ
˸ʯϷʼʩչιϣʯ״£Ҳʼʡ

СӣǲѽҽһЦָָ
ʱڵˮ£ٲ
ĽͷӶȻݣ˿ҡ
Ȼ䵽ϣʱһΪ䣬·ñˮ飬ˮҿ
áʯ̧ͷΣѿ̾
ĽתͷЦЦμӿ죬һֳֻֽһʯϣˣƽء
ʯ̾󣬲ͷϿΣֻͷĽϡ
оܾãƬ̣ͷһ̧ͷѾĽΣ洫һƺߡ
ӿ켸ǽͷȴĽ·һỊ̃ȺƮ֮һվ൹ˡ


600 ˲
ʯһһ紵ŷ亹ʵڱŵòᣬһ··һ㡣
תͷȥǽͷѾĽӰתͷȷʵˣʧˡ
룬ĽǽȥˣŵǣЩˣһٶһЩˡ
ţկ￴Ϊʱ޳ģ޲ðţկΪƽأɱѪȷ硣
ûгޣٿΣȻͬʹ죬﷢ͣ
Ҫߣտһͱһ˵һģˤԼŵ
ͷȥЩ
ŵһ󺺣ο࣬һεĶӣĺ⣬žͲʲôˡ
ĸоûϾ֮ˣоǻиоġ
С̽̽󺺵ıϢȻǴģûԻš
ʯʱһѴ󺺷˿ûп˿ڣ̽̽࣬ˡ
ȻһĶͷˣѨ
תԱߵһ̽̽ϢҲǻŵģȴһܶһ㣬ʯҲˣҲǱѨ
ʯظֲ׼ɱˣɱˣЩһҲ뵱ţկУɱǲգۣᷨڣɱ
ΪЩﲻԷŹǣһǸĹµĻᡣ
վȻ뵽һ⣬ְǷˣĻĹ£Ӵ˲ΪΪһˣ
ǻ᲻䱾ű𣬶ڰһֱȴᣬһиǾͻһ
ڱ̵ᣬȷʵǴﵽ߻ħĳ̶ȣ֮⣬ƫƫּ侲˼Ϊ£ߣһСľͻᱻҧ

뵽ЩŤͷ˿ϵȺһ£ҡͷ̾Ϣת뿪ǽͷ¶ȥ
ǽͷĽѾӭ
֣ǡʯʡ
Ľոհ˶סˣſԼɲɣҪˡ
ʯʣˣ˭֪ǰŲ
ĽЦЦʱ֪ˡ
Ҫƹʯʡ
Ľͷǣֵɸң
ʯһ£漴ȻظʲôǱƹС˼ҵİɣ
ĽۣҡͷЦЦҿֵ㲻ɡ
ĪСˣʯĵ
ĽֵĳûӲѪȵģҲᶨԲܱƹʲʲôġ
ʯתͷ˿ߵһǰӦʳ
Ľһӣʱһ۾
ԻĴһܣڳǽ£ǰ˶ʶȻǵзѣѵկѾˣ
Ťͷ˿еĻ飬վŵֻǰˣǰկ˶ɱ𣿣
ʯСһʲô
ҧһԲֻƳһۣм֮Ȼһĭʯȥը˸ʯ
ҪһƣȻͣסˣô̫ˣСʲô¡
øʯ飬ܹĭ֪ʲôӣĽҡҡͷеĿ
ʯѿĿһεЦЦ
һŤͷ꣬˫УƺܰĿ͸ôĵꡣ
곤üĿ㣬˫͸һ˿ϧʱм˫žǿŸʯ
˵۾ˣ˴ŶԷֲ¡

ι󣬸ʯתۣҲЧСһǸӲģûá
һСһǲɱ㣬ֻҪ˵ʲôկկסʲôطͳɡ
ǵկӣе
ʯüֻҪկկס뿪
ЦбŸʯΪСأ⻰ҲţϽ
ʯεתͷĽĽҡͷʧЦ֣㻹ǲɣܱƹ
ת꣬ǶûֻѨ˵һ˵ÿʮɱһˣֱӦΪֹ
˵նԸʯʮˣ
ǣʯһ£˿ĽջǴӦˣת˽ˣչʮˡ
Ľָ£ʮһһĽ£Ȼһ˿ңʮ˵ݲͬҲͬ
Ľһһָʮˣתͷ꣺Щ㶼ϵðɣûǳˣ
Ťͷȥɫ԰ס
Ľһ£
һЦãûгңԵڿʼˣʮţˣߣһ
ҡҡͷĳҲõúܣ
һʱһ۾ɴ۾Ľ븵ʯ
Ľʣɽɱˣ
ü԰ףȴ㣬ŭߵʲôˣ
Ľҡͷ̾ȡˣ
һ⣬ٿӹߺ߶ʱһŵָĽβ˼һȣ
ĽڽϣϢȣɨߺѪֻðһȴѾ
ĽͨԺ룬ɽɱʮˣӤС
Ľ㾰񣬺ԥɱˡ

ˣһˣĽȥʯɫ仯ꡣ
ɫ԰ֽûһɫеηĽȻңȴûۼɱˣסˡ
Ľ˵ɱһ
ָָһˣʮţˡһ
һһν˵ĺϣҲûдѵ˼ƺҪֱɱˡ
Ľ׼ͦסѹɱһ㹻ķҶ˵ղŵ߻Ȼͬ
Ȼѽƽ˺ʱ̲סˣеţ˵
Ľͣסתͷ꣺Ҫ˵ǿģ˺ܶ࣬һʱɱ꣡
˵˵꼱æ
Ľתͷһ۸ʯʯǿЦЦתĿ⡣
ĽЦЦðɣ˵ʲô
ҽкТ飡ش
Ľͷ֣Ǵկկסʲôط˵һ˵գɲҪ˵ˣ鲻ãҪɱйߣ
ǣկկסڣڡʵʵİλկסĵط˵һ顣
Ľˣ֮۸֪˵ʵܿóֻǵطЩأûָҵ
ֵܣȥһҿĽ
ʯӦһҴȥˣ̧ͷĽҡͷʧЦѸʯסˡ
ֿɲǶϷϣףһǿʳһҲ治̼Ҫġ
ĽĿ꣬Цǲ룬ҷ֮һʦѧգկ˱𣿡
ֱŲӺߵʾĶ
ĽЦðѧñ죬ңܱܲ𣬵Ҫ˵ˣֻһλᣬһ򲻹ңҲɱ㣬ڶοɲ飡
ãһԣ׷

˵Ĺ򣬸ʯҴҹӣС䱦ݸĽ֣ˣ
Ľֽӹ˳ķ˷һҳһҳķܿᷭˣͷܾ书
Ѳ׸ʯŰա
ʯһæҡͷɲɣ֣Щģҿɲգ
ĽЦȼķֻҪŪɡ
ʯҪ˵Ľڰֵ֣ܣôˣȻģɲˣ
ʯǿЦЦ¶ɫ³һεǱղŵֶˣû뵽ɱˡ
ĽЦЦղˣһɱʮˣаӤСӣ˵òɱ
ʯԾϵʬס
Ľϵɷ֪أң䣿
ʯԳԵô֪
ĽЦЦҡҡͷת꣺Т飬˵öԲԣ
Тһ£ͷЩҲ֪ŵƽʱһֱҫţկɱľɱˣ˭ɱ˶࣬˭汾£Ӻɷ
ĽТ飬˵ò
ТһȻƾʲô
ĽЦҡҡͷСһĵӵС
⣬һҪ𣡡Те
ĽЦðգ̫СԼһǺѻҲûʲôϢȥǧɣøֵܽ䣬书ұ𣡡
ʯæʹã
ĽЦЦкʹã
ʯ֣ҿɲҪ㱨ģôΪ
ĽЦҵҪСһûǱ£볬ңɲһ׵£
ʯ䲻иһ
һҲ˲ãɱҲᱻɱĽڰ֣ЦеĶҲң

ТʲôңҾ͵ѧգһҪ㣬㣡
ĽЦһ겻ңҪһ꣬գԶʮΪޣʮĽ죬Ǿᣬһ£
ãһΪΪģТƣĽһ£һΪ
ĽֵܣȥɣҲõˣҪǰּңҲûȥˣ
ɡʯЩġ
䳤˲ټʶûԶ˵Ľһʵʹ죬ֿ
ĽЦֵܻʲôûУ
ʯ룬˼ĵȥطȻơ
סĵطֻһСǣ̫һЩĳѾá
ĽǺЦ˲꣬һĿʱ⣬ȥǣ
ãʯϲæӦ
أʯתͷТ顣
ĽҲŰɣǳЩʶ
ãʯͷ
ЩףĽ飬ʵڲǶԴˣѣǹŹ֡
һΣ뷽跨ҪȥǱڵĳˣֵãƫƫҪṩԱԼ
ĽȻ׸ʯ˼
ٶǿТǸӣ˰֮ģǿֱǿǱ밵㣬ΣԤףܹܿ
͵Ϯ㣬Ҳ±Ѱ𣬷мȤζý̫ġ
Ҳ뿴Тı֣ǲǿ֮ţǺõĻⲻҪһΪ
ͨԺТ˼Щ˽⣬Сһղ˱ǳңԼһǰ˵ʵûб֮
ЩۺТ鲻˵Ҳ˵ʯȻס
ΪˣſɼТĸССͣĻֶΣʵַɣĽԲ˰֮ģҪһ

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ӥণˮ鿣СͤУǰһһֻӥƮƮ䵽ʯϡ
ӥùܣȡֽܣ̯˿ʱˮСҲ
ſһֽд
СῴеСʦʲô˼ѽΪʲôҪһЩҪʲô
˵һЩʯͷҡҡͷ
ˮСʦ¸Ī⣬ÿ⣬˵ЩʯͷʲôŹ֣ȥɡ
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ҡҡͷǲܹ̫£䲻ƽ¶ˣ¹ģֻҪܺԼˣ
С磬ײ͵أ
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ˮǿЩɣţɽҪ飬֪Щʯͷʲôط
Си⡣
ʲô⣬𾻳⣡ΪȻҡҡͷ
С὿ʦ㣬Ȥ
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С὿ЦǺʦҺã
˵ûĵ˵
СæСʦܲ˵ЩʯͷأûָѰǲָ㣬ܲҵ

ˮ룬ͷţԣСʦҲԼҵģҲӦҵɡ
˵Щţ˿Ů
ҡͷСʦܵǻ۹ˣԶԶ׷ѹˣ
Сʦ㣬СʦǴҲǱҿʵҲţŸ٣
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ҪҵʦĶ飡СƲ콿Цǵ⡣
ҾͿǵı£ΪȻ
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СὫŵݵ˪ϣ˪ףȥɣһ𣬰£ȥһˡ
ȥʲôѽСʡ
˪ڰǣڰ㣬Ҳи֧Ԯ


601 
¹µţկûһ˿ûУʮȴַǳ
¹ˮţկһһС
Ϊ˶࣬û˸ţկûһ仯˲ˣҾߵȵȶڣû˸Ҷ
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ʱǶԹ֮˵Ųɣ˹򣬻ǲΪҹû˸ҿ
ţկĴȻ˵ƹ⣬ƹ֮гӰŰѩ
˾ҪһŵõΪй
ǵģһཿС޺ϣŷ֣ײǶҪˣ
ˮЦ棬£Ѿ´ɨˣİһ˿û䡣
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Цҡͷ
ʦ㣬ЦʲôѽС᲻е
Цô˵ģƾʲôҵõǾҲѽƫţ⻰˭˵ģ
СҵĻǵô壬ǲ׼ȡЦңҵ֣
һİƣ˵
ʦ㡪С὿˹ƮһһƮ˸߱κ档
С᲻׷ϣλΪĨᣬתתȥˮҡͷЦЦûֹ
Ů׷һͣˣСߣʦṦԽԽˣ
ڸ߱дŴľظЦ˴˱˴ˣҲн
ˮЦ֣Ṧкôأ

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ܲĶأСỹģ´ŴΧҾþͲǺɽ
СʦܵŶҪˣǾͿô˵աЦӯӯİڰ֡
С죺ߣƫţ
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ҡҡͷѽ߻ħ
ˮЦЦҡҡͷСαСʦܽϾ
ߣƫţСƲƲ죬ߺߵĵ
κ촽ЦϻûܸСʦһأСļһ
СŤͷɹ˭˵ģ˵Ҳûȷʵû
ƣ⻹ˣЦҡҡͷҿǵñ˭
СƲҲһʶأСô˭ôţ
ˮЦСᣬæʲô
ҲţҴʱ仹𣿣СӲ
ˮһЦҡҡͷ
СŮһۣͷõذ壬仯һ顣
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˷СῴŮһֿۣǵһ£ȴûȥû
ųһţƽãϼҾ֮߰ľƿνһһ磬ޱȡ
ҲԶ죬һŲ˻صһ
СָŽ¡
Ӧлءҿ˿
ߣСߣߣӣǰȻ󻺻һơ
顱һ죬ذըʯ׷ɡ

һĺڶŮǰǶʱ˷СæҪȴһ¡
СᷴӦ֪лأЦڴ
ɷݹתͷЦôСʦţҲҵɣ
ҡͷЦЦСʦܿû㱿취ҵأ˵ã
棬ܲۡ
ˮȻӥɻˣȥ
ˣ˴ڣŮõѰŮ
ӥ伫ڸ߿տ棬ӥҲֻ֪ȴ֪Ķ
һХ𣬺ˮ鴽ХѽСӥ䵽ۡ
ۣ壬ӥֿצӣǲ¡
ӥĺ󱳣ӥֳһЩȻСչȴȺˮĸ첲Ҫ
ǵӥֱ鶯˫ǵɣԽԽԣ죬ͨ񿴵ǵ
ˮܣȻֽɨһۣʱɫһ䣬æеС᲻Ҫȥ
СѾ̽ͷ̽ԿˣģʲôҲĿˣһûйֻԼԼжߣȷʵûиṦȥ
СᵨӴ󣬾ĽȻȥȻûʲô⣬ҲҪһԿ
ˮĺһһ٣Ťͷʦôô֣
ˮżˡ
ôʦ㣿ʵ
ˮһӥСỹûȥһ
һѽʦ㣬ôСһۡ
ˮݾóȻȥ
˵ŰֽݸɨһۣתСᣬСῴ˿ͷţ

ŮĽָ㣬ɽʱˣǰʯۼɫλ֮С
Сò̾Ϣһû뵽⴦طôĵط
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Żؿڴһɫ̫ɢ⣬·ͣŹ⣬עĿ
幤һܴﵽôʦ
Ǻߵǲ뿴ȴˣһҲ͵ˣǣ
òƽվȺＫױԣվڷߣǵĿƲ
һ쳣һ˫ư񣬱Ů˵ֻҪྻһ֬ɵġ
һֱżһ֣ȥǺܿ˫ģ
ʱ壬Ļһһȥ취⿪Ѩȴ޹
ʹ࣬ϼŤֻܰ֡
ҡҡͷһʲôǲүġ
壬ͱɣûĺߵļһҲ˲ؿڷҵϣҲҼƽϵģ
⵹ǵͷȴҡͷ̾үҪһĵģҵˣүܲϲүʱ㻹ãһүˣүүɲǺ˵ģʰ̯ӡ
Уҵĺû壬֪ϱɣεĵͷ˶䡣
εĿ̾˿
ȻһҴٵĽŲһ¾װ˽ͣڷǸǰү
˵ʲôûĵһۡ
ŬϢڣϢһ£ڵ
ôϽ˵һȵ
갵̣Ҫ˵ԼϽ˵үҲǹţź
˰æ

ô£üתͷˡ
̾˲öԸ뵽ǵǰˣ
첻Ҫɣʡ
ҡҡͷһѨ
Ǽһµ֣Ǻ޺һţתͷ壬ҪԳ
ҡҡͷɣүֻߣ粽룬һõɽ֮ơ
ҡǺߵʼȥɫࣺӣҲɱң
ҡͷΪȻүԶҪСѪԣƼˣʲôó
ɱңһţЦ
ҡͷһûˣһأɱˣȻɽһأһӲҲң
壬治ȥûĺȵ
˹ҡҡͷȥ
㡭úתͷ꣺ȥϣ˵˺ˣ
ǣ꿴һ۽ӣһµͷ
е£һô˵ˣ᲻ŭڣǨŭԼ书֮һܰԼѪģ
˵ȥ˵ʵǣ˵˵
ǣæӦһȷ˵һ̶ˡ
ǱԹ壬һ˵ʵ
ȥϣȴûϣϵӣһǷ¥ݣ˾ԾӣˣֻİƣȥҪһٵġ
Цһ£ûãҲⲻѨ֮һ˸ɵģ
תӣ΢Цүգգۣգһǣգ²ǡ
æգһ£ɴ۾Ҷ

壬ǲǴ򲻹һЦбۿ
˳һ£ҡҡͷҪȹ֪֪书ô
΢ݣһ˵һ˵ԣô˵СȷʵǸļһ
ʱһ˳˽·һ磬һ꣬ɫ࣬˫ðŭ
Ǿò̫ˣ˵һػûһʱ䣬ô췵أʵ͵ˣ
үСܣˡˣ򵽷Ǹǰĵͷ
ɫȥˣ
̧ͷұŪһ˷ɱ;ʲô⣬û뵽һ˺ȻסңҲˣ
ؿڣһͷæ¹£ɫǺ졣
ƽʱóԺúȣߣλҲߣڹؼʱãôһС°ˣȷʵˡ
ʲô𣿡˹ʡ
ҡͷŵ棬û̧ͷˡ
书ߣ˵ͬһˡ˵
ǸһҧгݣٺЦҪʲô
ʱ䣬үǴסˡ
šǲĵ
˵˶ˣ֪үҪǵʱѾ˳ţǽˡ
룬ɫȻһţ㣬ȥ֮뵽Ҫ죬ҪͶ죬زŪ˰ɣ
ǣүģڵվصõͷ
ȥɣǰڰ֡
˴ˣ˵үǲģ뻭ǵ񣿡
ʹǣҲܷŹǣҪ׷ɱǣӵȥǺ޺޵
̾ҿҲûãֻҪɽһ꣬Ҳ
ɽ࣬ɽʤ˼ֻҪһ꣬˭ҲҲ޴Ѱ


604 Ʒ
Ůһ𣬻䣬˴˶ܸоԷĲ־壬һ뽫ҪٵıˣҪ赹
ꥣĽŲԽԽǵаӷȿѵĹһԼ
Ǵỵ̂Źȴ翣ûӰӵ£йĴڣȴӰ쵽ˡ
ʱûа취ֻڹһԼ
飡һ죬Ȼһͣ͵ǰһײǰĳϣ֪ʲô¡
æ⿴ģȴͣסˣһһˡ
ҲģǿˣֻԼһӰõѡ
ѩɣǲҪɣº͵쳹˳ᣬŮһʱһɣ̱ȥ
㣿ѩϲ
з汣ӵͬʱĵһ˿ϣ뵽书ǿԼҲãԼѣһûп˼˵ܻԼຣ
ͷһתְԷ书ǿҪԵ֮һķңͼ뵽Լһ¥ŮӣԼһֵ˼Ҽǹҡ
һϣһתתȥ裬һºʵһ°á
ѩңܾˡĽº͵һȻһ
͵ĵƹһӳ˳ᣬֳŽϴᣬ滨꣬԰׵Խˣԡ
Ľ΢Цû
û뵽ĻˡѩĨһ۽ǣͷ
Ľû뵽÷ңҲģ˿
ŤͷŮӣ׼ô죿
ǵȵģƾšѩ
Ľ룬ǺãȥҵլסһӰգܹһͷ˵
Ůʱ¶Цݡ
ѩͷŷô
ĽЦЦҷ˲ߣţ߰գ
˵ŤͷȥһջǰȻƮ³󱳱ѩɣλΪһʧ١

Ľϵﲻ̫ƽзӷǳ֣ֻǹ˼ɻ˵书ûԳѵǡ
Ҳ˼书뿪ǣ黹Щ鷳زĽè׽Ȥ
ȰŮͻ˸ԼţǾŮˣؼ⡣
˵֮Ʈȥص¥
ô֮仹û̧ͷɫţߵ֮䣬ԽԽˣҵĻҲˣ
ҡҡͷҿ֮£ûõŶô
ûõŶ룬ߵ壬˵;˰ŵĽˣǼ쵰
˵ͷжˣ֮伴ʹŵҲûˡ
ǻȻͷееʧ壬Գģ
Թҡҡͷ鲻
˹Цһ£ҿǼ˾Χ뿪أ˵һߣǻ᲻
ðɣģֻ޴ˣ˵ʲôҴ̫ˣǣǺ޺޶ţҧݺݵĵҪȻ䵽ڵĵزһҲɲȥʲôүƨǣƨǣ
˵һЦүүǹүģҲһƬģүģЩ֣Щˣ
¶ˣʲô£ûĵһۣ˵ǵĺûһһ쵽æͣʲôæģǷ˭ܶˣ
̾ү⼸Ҫæúܣ㻹ͣһЩգ²üˡ

Ǻ޺޵壬ܼܲ˵ͻʲô˵ģϹҵĶ㣬ʲôһ˼ҪֵüɹдҵҪú
ǧ𣡡ɫһ䣬æүڵĶﲻǴǰˣܷģ
ǺٺЦҷһЩʲôͲҵܵƫţҪû䣡
ɫ֪࣬Ƣˣǲ˵ΪԽ˵Խ𾢶ûȰˣֻܵˡ
ǿɫĹЦʵ̫ˣƫƫκβã֪ΪԼãܰŪʵһ£뵽ˣ̲סЦ
߻ܣܣѽô£ôˣ
һæߺ𣬴˷ǵĴЦŤͷȥ¥¥λлðӳΧͨ졣
¥еӶˣǶ˳һ¥ݣʼ³壬ת۹˷Ǹǰ
ɫ΢䣬ڷǸǰȻˣת˷¥档
¥죬ӳ˰ҹգɫǹмſ캰صȴ¥еſڵϴŵشޡ
ΰ֣ʮ㣬ĲߣȲȴ죬ܳ¥ļ֮һ
ȴûģվ¥ǰ֣ټķ¥ڰǿνͷһݶǳش˵ĲҵۼܿҪո⣬ǰˬֻ
¥һߣ׬̫Ǯ˵ȿֺĽǮȴǴϲųغܿ޽ټİǣûеطǮġ
ɫ࣬ͨĴ֮תͷ壬ǰ˷ŵĻɣ
˵ͷزû٣ү߰ɣ뿪Ϊ˵ڰʲô
УҲߣǲʵҡͷ޺޵ҪǶȥ֮仭񣡡
ûõģ㿴Ǹˣ˼ǵøղŵ£ңôңһǻ桭ҡͷ̾ͼСǶ׼
ɣɫʱˡ
˿һ߼ֱˣҡͷ
ղܵʱ򣬷˳ְѼ˴˳Ǳ˼ţƾղǵҾ˵Ҫˡ
ң˻⼸Ⱥ˵ҪүŪɱڡ
ɫѵּҵģ
̾ҪСģ²ܼҲһʱģȻǣ
ѵôĵĺߵ
һʱڳһҪһġ˰ο
ĬȻԲ
ŻԽԽ󣬷¥Ƕ˳Ȼ׷뿪˴˼ʵڲá
ˣģǸƽʹҲЦеĴкǷȤ
㳡ЩǱܳʵռˣԼ档
Ҫڣȴ˰ڰֹס߷ߵĵΧһۣε̾Ļٶ˵
Ťͷ㵹ùҲǼСӣѨ⿪֮֮䣬׷ɱŴǣ
գһۣʾף͸ɭɭɱ
ɨһۣҡҡͷ书˾ܵ˼ǲôס
˻Ϊһ¶İ㣬ʤһƵüˣܻɱʯ٣ǿɲúܣ
ү߰գ
ģǱߣǺ޺޵ĵһ۷¥ڰ֣Χ˶ʱǣ뿪˷¥ʧҹɫ

Ľ뿪ˣ¶Цݣһѻ˷¥һ鷳Ϊǰ£Ҳֻˡ
ںڰУŻ˵ʧؿڵ̫־֪һƷˡ
һƷؿ̫ƷƷǣȻͬƷ˲ͬʵͬĵλͬĴ
˻˵ΪĽҲԳΪһƷ䣬һƷɲ书ҪģԼˡ
룬ҡҡͷǰԼ뷨
ɿ䣬һ׷ΪУ˿䣬Ǿʹ˽ҷܵ⡣
ҪĹ򣬷Ѩ֮ܽ⿪
峿ʱ֣⣬ĸڳװվߵʯʨԣְһ·
ǰһɨɨأݣɨҪȴӯ֦ࡣ
Ľǰվſڴû뵽ⷽЩе̵ңģԽǵλߣԽµ͵ʶ
㾰񣬻һһûҵ󣬺ĸ󺺳Ⱥأɷһ㡣
վڷǰ˰ΣĸȴûйϣϸĴڿʲôˡ
ιĽһȭλ̨ͨһ磬ǰӦƸ䡣
һ߹ȭ񣺡ԭҪӦΪǰɣ
Ľͷ֪кҪǲǴﵽˣ
󺺵Դȥͨһ
ĽЦűȭˡ
ûʲô󺺰ڰ֣ǵĽȥˣתʧ֮
ĴǳģһټԺӺһ磬ɺͼ絲סԺΡ
ɨصͣ£̧ͷĽһۣҡͷ˭䣬ôõģɲǳзģ
СӣɨĵذɣݵöԣԱһ󺺺һ
ɨƲƲ죬ĵĽһۣŵͷɨԼĵء
ĽЦЦ벻⣬ԴЦЦʾл⡣

ת۹һЦ漴һǵĸϳһת磬ûſڱ㱧ȭЦпԶĳδԶӭʧʧ񣡡
Ľȭ΢Цɨһۣ޳£һ㣬𪾧Өһ֪ΪǸ֡
üĿһ˫۾纮һ㣬ڹâһͰ˵סˣ˻ĪĶ
ĽЦ磬󸮴ո֣
ӭӭ·壡Ц
Ľһ漴æԭǶԳӭ»֣̿ʵڲҵ
ĽҲû뵽ȻӭǷ壬ĶӣһֻʿֶΣĸֵܵס
˾ͽһӣһ磬ܲõľ˵λķ壬ԳӭԼһС䣬ίʵܳ
룡ת롣
ĽҲûн飬ͷǾˣ롪
˴ǵߣת磬ǰһ䳡ʱ䳡ɷ֣䡣
֮˲ӷǳееȭееǴһû˸ҿ
Ľֳ棬ʱ˫۷Ź⣬Ȥߵķ忴
˴ȺмһյأűܣһЩʯʯ֮ģǶٵһС䳡
ڴ䳡ϿһС䳡ⲻһеȨȻλҶүġ
Цеĵδš
ĽЦǲŴɽСʦɽУʦźһȤͳ棬û뵽ңʵûȤ˵п䣬У˹ܷ䣬ò͹ˡ
ŶȻĵͷЦǷҵĿȷʵУƽʲôҲ棬ûԼÿ˶ٺ»㹻ˡ
ĽЦòϲ£䣬ʲôҲ˹ܷǮ书
°Цʹλ书ãҲҪִ书ʹһʱ书ߣĳɾҲ

ĽȻһ֣ЦˣҺиţʲô
һ£ȻЦԭ̨磬
ĽЦŵͷҾ磬ҵ
Ĵ׹ɨʮܣʧʧ񣡡Ц
ĽҡҡͷûʲôֻǿǺаԵ޼ɵˣҲûʲô
ʮ¼ĸ֣ݺô꣬ƣȴ书ɼ̾
Ľҡҡͷ书ɲɣʤҲá
ˣЦЦãôôûһ˵ãɱʮܡ
ĽɫģҲǹǫ飬ʮܾͨϻǡʱǷֿģûһһһлһƣľˣҲлվ˵
ԭЦŵͷЦʮܵĺϻǱͼģ
ĽЦŵͷ⵹Ҳ٣ʮÿһֻϴа
徫һ񣺡󵱼ҵĪ⣬ų޵Уʤģ
Ľ̾ģģһԻ˽ԼĻþУ֪ɱҲɱˡ
ѽȻͷֲû֪书Σ˵ɲ⣬ܵС
Ľͷ⵹٣ȷʵܵУ书书ٸߣһԣϾͻ赹ˣ书ʲôã
ʣεסˣ
ĽЦЦʦǸɮˣѧһЩķţԻþЩоˡ
д֮ˣ̾
Ľڰ֣ϹèˣˣܵϼƷ䣿
¶Ϊ飬˵ɱʮܣɳΪһƷˣһƷе㡭
Ľͷ֪ˣǲҪһǳ

Щ˼֪书ǿᣬһƷôͬҪԼġ
ŶĽһ¶˷飺Ҫ䣿
ģգһ־˷ܣûлɣˣһ˵ĳƲġ
ҪϼʶһôķڷΪأ
ĽæͷԼԼҪһųɣ
ҪҪϢһٿʼʵ
Ľҡͷزأھʹҵ뿴ҵĿ便ɼġ
ʧˡЦ
İƣһ¾װƮݣȴһ׵Ṧү
ȥһ£Ȼ䡣
ǡͷӦƮˣתۼʧȺС
ԶͣȻǵϢҪ֣С䳡Χסˡ
үλǺηʥһе
֪λүȴְʮ㣬ƽ׽ˣȴеľ룬ºͶ飬ǡôһλߵķ緶ֳ鵹ټ
ǺЦλĸиԣҷ֮λ磡
硭ǵۡ
ᣬȴöүȻ粻ǼҿΪҲס
ˣ˵ֺ¡ʮܱɱˣλɡ˽е
ԭ磡Ⱥ˻Ȼ
ǵĿʮܶӯȴƣЩҲûǸ
ֶָʮϣ书ЩɱģȻȥ
ʮڱɱˣǾý֮ҲΪעĴ䴫£˲֪

ĽЦеĵҵԻȴ
٣Ҫлһ̤ǰһȭ
ĽæȭҵҵҲ˳ƶΪҲãɼ˸ˣûʲôġ
Цеİ֣һȻ飬мḡ˿뷢Цȴס֪λƢţȻҲʲôƢģһˣǲ
˵ŻЦλΪ䣬չأҪƷλλͽ̣
һȭЦҾשУ
òƽеȣһǰһǣȥտȻΪס
Ľȭǰ롪
˵ȭСˣ
ĽҲȭӦǰض˵գ
ЩͷĴߴ٣ٶ˵һȣͻɽ˹ȥһȭ
һȭ·˺˿⣬һȭʮľǳӡ
Ľһȭȭͷֱײؿڣ˳ȥ߸׷ɣһֱ䵽⡣
⣬ƮƮأһȻվˣȻĽֵͷԼؿڡ
Ľȭǰã
Ƕʱ۷׷ף֪Ľ书û뵽زһоʰ
Ʒ䣬һȭȴҲףһ治Ӳӣֻƾʤ
ĽƫƫȭҲǸһ·ٶȸ죬ǣһȭֻ˻ɣȴûлˡ
ȭⲢ棬ǸͰԵȱ鶯ȭȴ֮ѣ䲻ס
ȭɴ䣬̾
ǿÿ춼д裬ʤѾϣֻ֪̫࣬̾
λĽ˷ܵʣ˫ɨɨȥʵʡ
ĿһмȻĿ⣬ɼΪ֮ԼԶԶ硣
ԣһŮƮ˵
ĽǰһɨЦǰǽɣ
һŮӵͷ
ĽЦǰȻͽ̣Ȼ֮ã롪
νʣһǰ
һУŮӳʣһĽĿڣֱййоء
ĽһѵŮǰҪУһǺΧĿ·¶ȡ


605 һƷ
ŮһΣƽƽƿһߣܹĽĽĽȴ䣬ѵĽǰ
ĽָᵯУŮɫһ䣬ߣϵ
Ľʵʣ䵽ϣһ߰ȥݣŮҪȴס
Ҳ飬ȴѷĽһ
Ľһɨٲַ˳ȥ䵽Ⱥ֮⡣
ĽƮһʣȭǰˣ
úãŮ˺һͷþʰ·磬
ĽЦЦǰޡ
帧ƴЦǺǣΪλǰָ̣
Ľ¸ɾ䣬ȿ죬ǰһ̾鴫֮ʣٴԾԾԡ
һƮ̤ȦС
ߴصĸ£ƮƮɫϼ֮ϣЦǺǵĵѵֳһλ꿡ܣϷǱȻȻ
ĽȭһЦǰմ
ؿһȻǶƷ䣬Ʒһ֣ѼѵãһƷֻо˶ѡ
ϷܣܼС㲻ؿףʤˣԼҲøͷʲô棬ﲻҪЩֻ书Цеĵ
Ľͷǣ롪
ܼЦϷǵǾ׾
γһԲصǰʱһʱˡһ죬·ͻƶʱ
ǵۣ̾ãϵԻԽտˣ
ܼЦ˫տտСգ
ĽЦ룡
ܼɫһ࣬·һֻͻ˹ɭɭδѵ
ƣһӣһ£߸оѹӶӰ书ķӣԻ֮ڡ

Ľӽ񵲣˵ʵײϣܼɫһ䣬·࣬û뵽Ľᣬ˾
ܼĵȷʵ򾫴һһʽأÿһЮǵ
Ľȴʱܻʽȴһֱûгֻ֣ӲӲȥ޿κӡ
ת۹˹˶ʮУĽ׵ȷʵˣƻĲʵ
ʮйĽʧȥȤǰСˣҪþ
է䣬ɢǿҹâ·̫ӳգΧæı۾ֱӡ
һ죬˳ȥֿܼտգҡͷЦ
ĽʣȭЦǰã
˵գƮһԾӹ⣬𳤵ݻܼ
ķڷСҪһƷˣܼЦӹС
ϲ޲֮ɫҲûоòɫƽ
Ľ̾մϲǺСмƣдûʤȫΪ书
ù򣡡һƵĺٿķֳһ·һо˻ݶ
Χһ°ǵĿⶼڴ˾ϡ
һǸˣۣü죬޳һϮƮƮӢ֮ˡ
ȴɽÿһ̤ڵϣ֮һ£Ϊ㶼ˡ
Ľ΢۾һϵ̫־ɨһ۶лˣȴˣڷ߿ˡ
һоˣŮŮߣһˣһŮˣһӣòӢͦٷ磬ҡ΢ЦԼ
ǰȭϣãܣλնɱʮܣ£λǰų׽
ĽһһͷʾЦ棬Ŀϡ

ڼ˾Ŵ󹩷һλž޵ׯ
ڷҵ鱨ϿׯĽܣ˵һλʿ֮;һֽס
Ϊأ书ȴǿӲƾ书һƷ֮Уȴż
ׯֻжʮ꣬ȴоŴ󹩷֮У֮Уίʵѵ֮
ׯĽЦЦ磬׹ȥʮܹʧˡ
ĽЦֿ
ֻʮţׯ֣ȥҲö࣬˶ܿĽ벻
Ľ磬书ǿȴңҲӲȴʧ㶯ʢ
ׯЦеģƺûע⵽ĽĲ
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ͣ书һ֮ѣϲԽΪѣ书Ҳв֮ûʱˡ
һӵѧҪٽһͻƣΰ˵ôһᡣ
ϧΰ׷ظǲȥҡͷ̾Ϣ޿κΣһƷ书ߣƲסֻ书ߡ
תͷļ򣺡СӣѵõĻԵһҪסˣú̫ȥϹ֣
ǡһ£ͷ
忴ģҲΣȻûȥСǹĽ飬һѾܾ
Ҳֻȥ˵һ˵ˣѵãСӵ̫ú˵һһƷ
Ľ˷ǵԺӣصԼСԺЦݡ
̫ǺãѰ˶ԣѾǶţȴƽúܡ
ǺСȺӢչ书ķƷһƷƷƷ࣬гƷ̫ҲʹﵽƷѡ
ķ͸ǺСʦʦǣǶϡ෭ϼۣһΪοߢ侫Ϊš
ôһķ飬һζԹҲãңѾסķġǺС
ڶһ磬ȥѡŮûŮһ˺ܲ㣬ߣŮҲĽįʹм֮ףҲۣһ¾
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608 Ů
Ľ֣ҪȥŮû뵽ȴǵһУλڰҡӰš
峿ʱ֣ģ¶ˣ䳡Ȼ죬ڷ
Ľ䳡˵ע⣬Ȼû۾ȴˣ䵽Ľϡ
Ľо񣬼ʹ۾ûĿĸӦҲܸоۣ֪עԼ
°ЦЩڰĽʼɣһֱٽһƷΪһ㣬ټԼᣬ˼
˴䳡˷Ȼһ·ŹᴩĴ֣ߣΧַǳС̯Ӽ࣬һγһֶصϢѾϰ
һΧǣ̾ϰյأĻء
ĽЦүĽѰյ
ͷ̾ϢѰĽҵҲĽѰյȻҪһȻǲģ
ĽЦ廹ǸˣȸԣΪѵãν˲ˡ
һĽҲһؿһ̫âΪۣʾݡһƷ䡣
Ƿ糿ʱŵģĽϣĽ޿κֻˣҫ֮ӡ
ȷʵǲͬÿƼ򵥣ʽȴԵͦΣׯأӳ˼֡
ؿ̫ǿʱһ̫ɫһ䣬˼־ء
һƷ䣬书ˣʵﶼصģỹʹ󣬶ңᣬѵá
ȻͣһС̯ǰָѣǺЦǳԵ
ĽӣҡͷҳԲǶүԼܰɣ
Цų㣬һ˶ǱζѬˣ֪õζ֮һ

ʼǧټƵȰ˵ҪȰĽһĽƫƫϵ˵컨׹ǲԡ
֮£ֻԼȻ˽ųһһ죬˵ĽζҪڵġ
뿪ִʼľϡ٣յһƬլլӶûʣóǮסġ
ʯɾ룬һȾ֮Уطǿһǲͬ
յһլԺǰͣסǰ߿ǰûˣԼߺ
ˣ
Ľ֮۸ӣլӶǰһԺסһٶŮӣഺɫϡ
ЩŮӶڶԺе䳡ʹĶǽһٶŮΣŷ·һƬš
Ľ̾һ뷽ߣէһ̤Ժţصǰ¾װŮˣʲôˣ
屧ȭ΢Цλ·壬ǰݼţΪͨһ
ԵȣһŮŤȥ
һŮվԭأסǰˣ龯䱸ʱǶ֡
ĽŮһۣüĿ㣬䣬һ˿Įʲôģü͸һ˿ġ
ʣʹէȥûʲôԽԽͿζʱڱ仯
ĽڴԼŮһƳɫ䣬תͷȥ𴦣ܿŮĽ
忴ĽڴŮ΢΢һЦûķͼ
ͼһЩɴ£ƮƮŮۼʳ˼̻˹֮ס
ŲһƮУŸղŵĺŮ
Ľӻ֬쵰ӣ˫ɣ͸
Ľ̾ʣ÷˪˾塣

ţ屧ȭЦ
Ľűȭ
ү룡ףתߣЩ񣬷Ҳ⣬ĽЦЦ롣
Ľ󣬽˴ȻղŵĺŮϲ裬˺һڣ²յ
үҪŵ𣿡ʵ
Ц֪ǲϣҵģһǺƤˣίʵвѵĿԡ
кοԣ˵
ָĽλǷ½һƷ硣
Ľȭˡ
ЦλҡӰš
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ĽǺЦҶѣŹ
ҡͷʮܺ䣬ȴң⣬˵ĳ裬ɱ⣬ȴΪֻܿǼΪе
ĽЦ
ЦеĵۣǷҳΪһƷȻ̫ᡣ
ߣô˵Ϊλŵ
ͷǣſɻ⣿
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ҧҧĽΣͷðɣһվҪģѡɣ
Ľתͷү⾿ô£
ЦеĵҡӰѡһλӣΪŮ
ĽüǱ

ҧߵʲôӣ˭ҡӰŵǷ·ټ飬ֻ֡
ĽҡҡͷˣҪŮһԼ취
ЦˣΪŮҲһֻԵָ㼸Уǳ
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ˣʹҡӰŵĵӱѡУҲǳΪǷˣŮʹãȫ
ĽüһͷӣҲˣ
ЦЦҡͷֻһΣӽҡӰٲǷǷˣǿӢ͸ҡӰһˣź򣬿ɲʲô˶֣
һбһۡ
Ľүȸø˵ҲϲԼŮ
ЦŮؽһˣǶˣ⣬ҡӰŮӾ㶼ʾѣʵǼƷβѡһ߼ʹʹҲԣøá
ɫһۣүĪ˵ĳŵҵӣ
Цţҷ;ƷҲģ
ĽҡҡͷȨѾѡˡ
˵ߣæеȻˣβߣ
Ľ²ͣҡͷ
״Ҳٶ˵һҡӰţŶߣĽլӡ
忴˿ûж˵ĽŽȥˣѩŮӭɫ¶ϲ
ɻˣѩһ£ؽţɣߣҲеĶ
ĽЦڷѳΪһƷ䡣
ŮĽ漴˷壬ȴûзӦ

ĽЦôô𣿡
ѩﷴӦæǷүϳưոݵģȥ
ĽЦҡҡͷᣬѾүˣѾȥˡ
ǡѩҡͷүƢϲô׵ĹǰԵúܡ
ĽλǷҶү
Ůɫ΢䣬æһ񣬲ٶ˵
Цλİգϴη¥£Ѿ˵ܣٺֵģ
Ůףû˵
ĽүǸҽΣ
ǺǣֲﲻģԭЦͷȻû⣬ǽĻѣһжӸ֧ȡ
ĽЦлȻѩʰһ£ҽԺͷҵӰɣ᲻̫ί
òŮæĵͷ
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ŮûʲôģʰһĽѣȻ˷ĽСԺ
ǰ֮ǰĽϢ죬תһתϤһΧºٰæ²١
Ľ֪һƷҪʲô
ЦҲûʲôǻиенѡ񡣡
ĽͷãϤһ˵
ãͷ
Ŀ뿪ĽҡҡͷλүԼǷŮɫأغɣǺǡ
ŮĽĺ԰ս˵˵
ĽЦʲôҪôСģ
ΪӻôˣѩȻʵ
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ĽЦҪʲôˡ
ѩＱǧҪСӣ޼ɵʲôóģ
ĽͷǣһСģɳ֮

ĽЦİƣߣȥ¥Է˵Ǳߵķ羰ͦá
ŮһۣεҡͷȴҲֻܴӦˡ
˳˷Ҫһһֱϣϱߵ¥
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˼̲ˣ˱˵߳ԣĽľһ
û뵽˸书ʧءѩŮЦ
ҪһƣֻһϷɺΣ޶ˡ
Ľҡͷ书㲻ϣԱҲû뵽ܳΪһƷ䣬ʵ֮ϲ
֮ҪСүرģѩֵ
ĽЦŵͷһơ
͸߰գٻط¥ˡĽ
ŮͷͲˡ
˵˵ЦЦ̸ЦʱȻһϳľ̾Ӵ
ĽŤͷȥȴĸӣŲֲһаԵƣǵӣϴЦ
ĽüɨһۣͷŨüۣľɫԵĿŮɨɨȥƺĿ⴩͸ѡ
ĽΣȻ֣ƺơ
һЦ֪ληˣ
ٺ٣˰Ҳͷֵĵȥѩˡ
СӱѽøһٺЦ
ѩһ㵽Ľ󣬵ǻǿ߰ա
ĽҡҡͷȻĸС죬һ֪ûڹ־׳¥ȥʵڲᡣ
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ҡҡͷʱĸһĵϸǷǵ£ʹԼ鷳
ĽüƬ̣̾ⷽǲɵ


609 粨
һ壬ԼķŭĸһˣǷǶ¥ԼΪٴ
һԼһǷǲȡжֱ׳ʹҲûʲô˵
ĽҡҡͷȻǿ³çҲɵϣмСģ͵Ĵдϸ
뷨һ˻벻ҪһЩǻۣⷽǿﻹǲСơ
Ŵ˼ҵӵܣ֮£һȻͬ
Ľ룬ƿ棬ĸһͱˣһζøܣҪԼֵġ
ȻһЦ˫ֽһӡ˵ȵ
һƵᣬһ㣬˶УȴͭӴĵס
ֻ岻Լˣһʬ⣬֣ԹԵվȻ¥ȥ
˵ĹŹоŮȻĽ⡣
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Ľ֮۸ĸجج¥£˷ǰŻȻ׹
£һĸϢ֮ȴƻ˸Ϣ˼ֱĴ
ݺݵĵˣô£ǳ԰ȥǼһ𣿡
߸Żģ֮⣬
һ֮ɫĿˣ죬ø磬˰ɣ˴ˣ˼Ѿˣ
Ǻһбôһ̫Ͱˣ
ε磬Ҳǲ֪ү֪ٸ鷳һҪҶҵȣ
ʲôʱȥ飡Ǻߵ
ҡҡͷεʱҲѱү㣡
ߣֻҪռס¶Ҳûʲô˵ģǺߵ
ү۽𾦣ܿè
ЦΣܲƫǼһҰɣ
ҿүһҪġҡҡͷ
˵һû𣡡ûĺߵƫͲţһβҪ

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ͷŨüۣͷ룬үҲ֪أȻһǾ͹ԹԵĹˣ֣ҲģƲס塣
šȻתͷģЦ壬㹦Ի󷨣
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˹ĵүҪ㣬һҪи޶ȣҪү֪ˣûкùӳԵģڶүȼҪţ
ҵĺöѽҡͷ̾Ա˶ãƫƫܵܲã
Цү˵Ҫģ
ðɺðɣǰ˵ûȤΰڰ֣תͷô֪¥ඣҵģǲǣ
ĵͷλֵܻ˽ܣŴçȴǾ֪ܱүռס
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Ľת򷽻ǣȭЦүû뵽ˣԵš
ֻͲ
ĽЦЦϣĪԵݣֵܣвʣ
εҡҡͷֿǡ
Ľתģǰּˣָ̡
Цҡͷȷʵû뵽ˣҾûб˼һƷǲŵģҿɲˡ
Ľʵ±֪һƷҪЩʲô
ĵܸɺܶ£߳ȥЩ﷢񣬻߻ҪбһЩ̵ӣָУȵȡ
ĽЦһУʣ
ǾˣҪЦеָָԼָָǡ

ĽͷԭˣҲҪҸ˻ˡ
߿ȥүЦ
ĽЦԸҲǰﵹæǺãͲˣҲԵòˣǻظټ
ôˣһ
ЦǾߣĪң
Ļ̌ͷһۣЦҡͷү£ΪҪ֪Ȥ
˵ſһ۷ǡ
Ƕʱɫһ⻰ʲô˼
ĽŶһ£ҡͷЦүǶˣ⻰ûб˼ѽѵү˱ģ
Ц⣡
Ľüɫ˵үӺɷ򣬶ԹѾȥˣΪλҪŲţүСۣŮо
ʲôȥˣЦ¹ȥˣأҿɲܴ裡
ĽЦҶүʲôð𣿡
ôҵ˷ѨҵŮˣһָѩŮЦ㻹ǺôĵӣȻǰҡǲƢð
ĽҡͷʧЦεĵǰȰȰүɣⴿȡ
ҡͷЦȰסȰסˣֵܣǰһɣүôƢûʲôġ
Ľ֮Աǣ⻹ûʲô⣬Ŀ⣬ҪԼʬһ㣬һлᣬҪԥɱ֡
ҡͷ̾ˣǻǲﰭүˣǣ
߾ߣڵվ
ĽЦΧôүҪң
ͷЦӾҪ㣬ɱ㣬ҺΣ
ĽʧЦү뼤ҳ֣ȻҽڶԸң

ΣΣЦָָŮ뻯ȥζԹУҲûзӣ
ĽЦк
͵ԺָָѩŮ
ѩŮʱһӣֻ䣬Ľ﷢
ĽҡҡͷЦݣϲܣүİա
ǺãͲݣЦ͵ĳĽȭ򣬻硣
Ľüε̾˿ƫܹȭͷȻѩŮһӹ˷ǣת۳¥
үѽҡͷ
壬㲻ض˵һǰڰ֡
ĵүαطҪһϳ̣ŮˣҶģҪģ
ҾҪŮˣӦҵģǺߵ
ҡҡͷŮ·үʱȱŮˣαطҪǹȥƢҲãҪСģҪǼˣɲġ
ôɱңЦ
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ˣ˭Ǻһɱ˶٣
ʮڵɽկţկٶ׳ǿȥĵ
ǵͷҼǵûҲȥģûгС
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ĵЦеģɱɱһ㣬үȻݹأһǼˣһƷ䲻ֱɱ뿪
Żңɫ΢䡣
ҡҡͷүΣΣգ̫ܵ
ðɺðɣ֪ˣæڰ֡

ĽƮ˾ֻѩȴŮŮһķݣֱӱƮԶ
Ʈ¥ͣסŮһһ㣬µظ
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Ҳν㶷ֻڲභ뷽ұ㳶Ϲϵʹѹ˷ǣҲûʲôˣֻҪɱͳɡ
Ǻѩ̾Ϣ
ĽѵЦЦ޷ûǣһֻҸڰˣǲ⡣
ҪҪһܣѩʡ
Ľҡͷأڷȫ̫Σա
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һٷԵƣǻһҾ¥Ȼ֮Ż˷ɵúܣҲظ
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С󣬶۸ñ˴ȴѹʵû㾭ŭܣԶ
룬һ뵽һ⣬϶ʱ¶һ˿Цݡ
ڶ峿Ľ֮䳡ϣһҪϤһ£ܲȺ֮⡣
뿪֮СԺŮˣʼʰ޿ˣҪСԺ²һĳԼϲӣӴ֮Ǽˡ
ŮȻᣬȴҲ磬ܸɻȴӴɨһ㺹乣Ъһ
ڴſڣ߰㣬ֻֿĿϲ֡
ٺ١ȻһЦ洫СԺ߽ĸ꣬ϵģٺЦſ
ѩŮʱһҿȥûбˣҪҲġ
Ϊ׵ڰ֣Цٺ٣ÿˣֻǼֺֺܹˣ
ѩվſôôһƷԺӣ˲ڣ
ֻ巢·ͷȥˣʱᵹڵϣȴţиԼ˵ܵȥ
ӴһƷԺѽߴطˣ̫·ˣ֪߲ӴŨü۵ҡͷԣпǧ
ѩҧҼǣ
Ǻǣ֪ģȲǵģСӣͽ͵ˣܲģŨü۵ҡͷϷʡ
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ӴСӺҵӣүһϲүϲĸӴЦ
ѩȻͷϰ½ΣͷԼѹѩ׵ļǰһҾ
ӴСǶˣһЦĵ
˸ЦһЦɣǿһûҸأ
ǡѩҧǣһҪȥ
ٺ١˴ЦҡͷϷʡ


610 
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һӰȻѩߣһη˳ȥ䵽Ľϣüѩʲô
Ů뻽ϲ֮
Ľѩʲôʱ򣬶ҪôɣŲϣǲǣ
ѩͷǣ
ĽѩײһɰԼûʱ֣һҪ̽ȥˡ
ôˣĽתͷˡ
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һ糴ӰܼУĲҽУֱþˡ
Ľ˫һɣǶʱ൹£һ̲̱ϣĹͷ·𶼻ȥˡ
ҽͣŮʱɫףû˵ҽУ飬ĵ׷
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ҡҡͷʹ˳ҲҪģ
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ĽһüͷԷŭ
оίʵӣǿܲŮʲôģֻԶţȴ˺ھ
Ϊ˶ԸԼֶζԸŮӣٶĽĵߡ

߳СԺߵСԺĸ껤ǰͣԭؿ˿ǣҡҡͷ
ĸɫףǰ治Զĸ꣬ǲҽѾ˻ƵȻû
ǵʵңһ̲࣬ڵϣŤɿŽǶȣγɹƣû˹ͷ˷飬һһĵǵҲĲ
һûСԺһƷ⣬Ժлţ˻
Ľûпޣĸ꿴žʮ㣬Ϊȴһ㣬û⣬ò
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Ϊѹ˽Ϊѹˣ˻ʵڲûС
Ľλذɡ
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Ľ˭ǽȥģ
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ǣǡ껹Ҫ⣬Ľڰ֣ˣﲻҪˣ߰ա
Ĺһذɣ
ĽЦЦת뿪ˣֱ䳡˴ΰ˵
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ɢ㣬Ƥã˵ʮ꣬СŮʱ
ĽȥѸʯТӳ룬ǴŰɣΣмܷϵĳ徢굽ɽѵõĻᣬһֵꡣ
һ죬ĽŮƵĹ֣ģ˰죬ǵ¥ЪϢ
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Ľ˿Աߵӣҡҡͷ΢Цѩţҹȥһ£ˡ
ָָԱߵӣŮһ£ͷϸһۣһϵŮᣬòƽʵڲۡ
ķˣĽǡڿŵλϣЦλʦ㣬ѽô
С𣬽ʦ㣬òʱѽСʦ޸أ
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˵˵
СһëѾͷƣͷҲƣ΢΢Щڣٻãˮƽ󲻿һ۱ӹȥ

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ڰ֣΢ЦԸˣ㲻ؼȨһκ쳾أʮ궼ûϵ˵Ϊںò󣬻ѰͻƵĻԵ˵²ִ׷ϣ뷨ӶžˣǷҪɱˡ
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⻹ˣǺĽЦҡͷҵֻǿƯϷ⣬ּλʦϲû뵽Ч
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ЦŵͷˮЦССʦܣûۣۼɹһ
˷ܵ˫۷Ź⣬ЦСʦһ£
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ΣģСƲƲ죬ѩŮǱ죬һۡ
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˵Ż¥ˣĽĬȻҡҡͷλʦ㣬ʲô£Ǿա
СߵҪȥ￴޸
ĽǺЦЦװɵ˵ʱûһ仰ǶԵġ
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ţֻ˻ɣȥ׻ǣʲô¾ͷѶ
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ȥɣˮСɨѩŮһۣƮ뿪ˡ
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Ľ˷֮󣬿ʼʽ̤һƷְ֮ɫУѡѡ


613 ɱ
ĵڴϣӳͣʧܰˣһǷ壬һǻġ
ĽƮȻ˽Цеıȭӭ
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ĽȭЦϢȥͷˣҵɣүҶҪЩʲô
ЦһСС󡣡
ĽüͷһЦضүΪҰɣ
岻˼ЦЦģһЦʧˣæ
Ľæǰˣܼ±زУǰ˵ա
ĵ书˹ؼؿڡ
ĽϿڣĻЦǰҪչأҰæعأûѽҺˣ
һ漴ҡͷЦǲǣұүôһе㾫ãҪ˰æ
ĽЦǰ㲻үɣ
æͷǣ
Ľҡͷ̾ת򷽻壺ү㿴ֵģҡ
ЦҾæð
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Ϊֵò죬ŸҪˣһ˽⣬ףʵڲǸˡ
ĽЦЦ֪֪ؼү
ƳмӣȫˡЦ
ĵû֮ǰǾŴ󹩷ϸİȫСүүҸү︺Ĺĸ£ھһչأû˿ҡ
Ľǳæһ󲻳ɣ
ǱϾʹˣ书ΪȻˣϾǲһЩ̫ʺˡ̾
ĽЦ˵˵ȥֻʺˣ
ˣʩչԮ֡ĵͷЦ
ĽƬ̣˿壬յͷãҴӦˣòʣʱԲɣ
ãҶʮչأİգĵ

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վԱߣ˫۾ǿ˭͵һʹӡ
Ľҡҡͷֻǿ壬ҪˣҲҪˡ
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תͷǡÿĿ
ԻǽĽʱֱͨӷоǡ
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ԺͷͦأĽ˵ûأĽȴֻǵһͷţǿ壬
üɻĿĽ˻⣬ôеŤأ
ĽЦǿ壬٣ȷʵ
ô˵òˣǺߵ
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Ҫ⣬ǲǵԣǽ
Ľͷţô书ǿҲɾޣɡ
ҾãǻһҪȴøŻǿͬһ书ˣˣһͬǵ
ĽЦЦͬһ书ÿһûʲôġ
˵ӦôǺߵ
ĽҡҡͷЦҿɲⷽмңүӦøһЩɣΪβȥһʣ
ߣ磿ƲƲ죬мĵ֪ʲôֻ֪֮Ӣţһ쵽ɵ֣
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ٺ٣⻰ܰЦƲΪµӢŶôһź򣡡
ĽǺЦǵҲǣŸԶүı£

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Ǻǣڻ˵ˣЦеĵ˵׷ѹƫţû뵽ˣ
ĽһˣæҲ˼
ЦܵΪأȥ
ĽҡҡͷүҿɿһãҪҲ˵
ѽðɣһһӣġ룬ͷ
һȻȥѣʱɫѾ磬˷һСӳһȻȥ˺¥
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磬һھ֣һھֵͷҪ䳡д衣
ھ˰һھ֣ھвٵĸ֣ãֵ
ͷ䣬òƽͦ޳ȳ籪һ㣬ǿ
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Ǹ䳡һ䣬ھֵʦǵΪס
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һƷ䣬ǻûһΨ䣬ΪȴԼܴﵽһƷȴҪֲ֪
ܿΪߵͣкܶˣΪ䲻ʽǿᣬʤǿеʽһ˶ԿٴҲûá
ʽһĳһ沢׼ȷʵ
Ľڷߣǲ⣬ΪԶ˵һֱ׾һǴһΪȴɱǲ磬ûʤ㡣
ֱʤãʽ²ֲ

˳УǺٺһЦΣҲˣһˡ
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ΣһָĽ
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ǹȻϻ书ҲˣǴ󵱼ҵģ˵޵УϹ˼ûܴù
ܴùϹ˼ʡ
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ĽЦҵ
֣һҪֽһ
ĽҡҡͷͷҪʧˣֻүĻд֮²ְΧˡҲܷˣ
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ͳȫ˰ɣæ
ĽһЦүֻүΣʱҲŻ֣ʱ䲻֣ү£
Ҿ֪ε̾Ϣ

ҲûǿЦҲãȸϾȥר̣ɺã
Ľͷòлֵ¡
ҲǻڵģȻ֪أҪֵľְأҡͷЦ
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һǺȾƺȵ΢ҲȻĽĴڣʱ÷κ˵Ц
ĽɮһߣǷǳĻŮӽЦҡͷλүҲǲѧð
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ֲʲôˣֻһˣܺҸ棬ֻȥȻҡҡλվҪ¥ȥ㡣
Ľҡͷѣòףȴֲֹֻܷҡҡλεĳӣ¥ݡ
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һսǵļһȺ˴һţһҲˣҲûʲô书ƾ֡
һȭҴһȭˤˣҲһһţѷѽ⣬ȥ·˵Ĳһ㡣
Ľҡҡͷֵزǳ̬ٳƵʵһĲֵʧ̬
ǳϽȥ׳ƽʱ䳡ϴóһֵܵת۹ŵĸˣʱľŤת
ĳƾУŷǵĴԽˡ
ĽüѣЩˣһƮΪһĨƮˣǷ׷׷˳ȥߵķɵߣһ˷ɵߣԶ
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ҡҡͷðɺðɣʲô˵

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ʲô¸ɣбдţɶţأʲôҲøɣȻʲôõģλֳҶͦգͦ𣿡
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Ǻǣ˰æҲŵùģ漰̳ˣźãǲǣЦ
Ľүܱ躹ޣ
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Ľͷ⵹٣ܱʧΪһ·ǿʳû㹻ʵ⣿
ֻһһٵ񻹺ãûҵ鷳ЦǺǵ˵
ĽҡͷһλضĺҲˣ˭Ҳôһˡ
յӲڶ˭˼ġЦ
Ľ˿Цû뵽ү뷨Ҫȥ㣬
ô죿ʡ
ĽһЦɸ̿ɱˣȻΪǱĳңѾˣ˵ʲôһ
⵹Ҳǣ̾˿ߵڲڵңŻǲأ
ĽЦүģҪ׼ƾүĲǣѲģ
֮ﶼУʹ׵ֵܣ£Ҳãֻһ
˵ŻĹߵ˳ģߣ̫ԶܴﵽǡʱĽȻһǡ
һŤͷ
Ľڰ֣˵ʲôʲôд̿͡
գǳһûʲôţƽʱȻˣȴɱҰɣ
ĽǳүģǺ֣ҪСһĪǰóѡ
ãʡģİգǳ˵

飡һ죬ǰһȻըƮķĩĽһӣٿѷĩߣܹĽ뷽ǡ
ͣһХУڰһ׹⣬磬˲䵽˷Ǹǰ
Ľһٴξ˰׹⣬һɫЩףղһܲ
˰׹Ҫܿ·סˣ˵ĳٻɬĹ
Ľүǰߣء
áǵͷ˵ǰߣȷʵŲȣһһŷ
ߣһƺУһ׹⻯Ϊһƥת˲ֵ˷ǵǰ׹Ӱ
Ľߣһģһ죬УֽԳȴһˣּ䡣
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ǿһۣҡңͷûмꡣ
ĽüȻϵãΪλҪѵǳˣ⵹ֵþˡ
ߣ׹⣬һĽһŷǣ磬˲伴
Ľüҡͷûûˣ
ƮڷǸǰŴ̵ؿڵĳָᵯһ£ʱ˽ˡһ
һֵֻнһֻнҲһ
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Ľüַ˵ĺڽԲϵãתͷǣҲüͷҡͷѡ
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ʤԵ쳣˵Ϊ̫ǳ޷֮
Ľһʲôˣ
Ӷ¶Ц飬ȻⲻʲôشĽȴֱԶ飬ʲôЧ

Ľ̾ϢһͨʩչһĻԭĲϴ϶ģȴһСɣ뷽֮
ȥöԸľλƽʱѧ书Ҳǿ߼¸ǲݰһһչ׽Ϊǰ
뷨ãȴûаԼǽȥò׵ȵĻ࣬ˣ֡
ȴû뵽ֻԼȻĸʤһǰᶼûУһ¾ˡ
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ղһĽԮʱ㲻һĸоǰδеˡ
תͷһĽľԼֻҪһԥʹԼòס
ңԼӽҹˣ⿪ˣڽһС
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Ľڰ֣үαؿֻ΢С°ˡ
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ʮˣŴ󹩷λһЩƷ䣬Ϊ֮
һĽæӭã˵ء
Ľʲô£
ǰǳһλɻ书ǿƣҡͷ̾˿޺һȭģǰ֮ܣ


614 õ
Ľɻ
Χˣ˵ǼǶ֣ԸһɻӦòѰɣһȥˡ
ȴһȻɻͬСɣӦòһȤ
ڲɻʹֻ۸ŮˣΪף˵һ䣬һᱻ˿
̾˿εӲ֮ƫƫṦߣ־֮ңδ
Ľ֪
һֶȺãһõ壬˳õ廨
Ľ˼ðɣ˵ܶ˼ðԸû֮С
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ĽҡͷЦֻҵֱˣգҿҶһ׷
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ĽɽϴʱģҲ츳ɣ׷ҵ书ǿ˼֡
ǺЦúãǵҪʶһ£ˣ
һ¾װǰԸһܿһֻϻӣ֮򿪣õ廨
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Σһ䣬һ䣬ٷһ䣬һ䣬նˣæʡ
Ľͷȷʵһ˵ģˡ
һ仨һһˣһˣϢԶ
ܱϢһЦеĵ
ȻЦţȴƲȻв

Ľ̤˿ͷıԣӰٳ䳡ϣﶼţأЩ
Ծ书˶ƷЩˣȴһƷ䣬һƷƷֻһȴ֮Ǵǵλ֮𣬲ͬն
ĽׯԣׯھŴСҲ˿ʩչ书Ǵźǿ
˭֪ׯ᲻ˮ硣
ĽǸλΪ˵ʮλһƷ䣬ۺģĲ
ңɱʮܣôɱģû˵ĳλΪ©أʵڲķ
֣Ǳû˵ܾĲ޷ΣʱȻı˳
һüͷȴûж죬ɨһ۷ǣǱҪ⣬Ľһɨʱס졣
֪⣬ҿ˵ʲôʱ˵
ĽЦЦǰŰɣ
һϳˣպҹ磬棬ֻϧΪ㣬ԼĲΣܰҲһ֡
Щ˼֪˵ѣԾϡ棬֪ܸܲʾһ˺ҹЦ
Ľͷûʲôǰôʾ
Ǽ˸óһ㱳ȥȻһһʶԵˣΪѰɣҹЦеĿһ˿Ҳޡ
ĽЦŵͷãա
תԴͷգϦ£ϼ죬쿴һ
洫˽Ľûʩչۣ֮Ҳûģƶúܡ
Ƭ̺󣬺ҹЦˡ
Ľתϰ˼ʲһѺɫذףһƴĴƿһӨתİ壬һѴӡ
ܱ࣬ɣҹЦ
Ľߵǰͷۣ¶Цݡ

ذǺǰģƿҩǶүģҲǶүģѻӰɣǰġĽһһ˵ԵˣһһݵǸǰ
˽ӹˣ¶Цݣ̾ĿһֱϢĹǿЩ˼
ģоϣҹʡ
Ľҡͷûʲôϣһֱˡ
úã帧̾Ц˴۽磡
ĽЦŰڰ֣¶ǫ飬ȴ˵ǫ֮
ҹܸ廨׷𣿡
Ľͷһ԰ա
ãǾԣԽҵõ廨ȸŮˣҪҪЪϢĽ
ĽҡͷһãǾͿʼɡ
˵ϣϣϣϣǲȫɣ
һֱĬţ׵˵õ廨Ṧߣ²ɣǶȥһЩ˰ա
ͷ˵ǾŴ󹩷ȫɱţõ廨ң񣬾ǽңСΪϡ
ɨһΧˣʮ󹩷˻ǰչأǰֵܲڣһɣ
үأҹǰһĵĵȻ书ǿȣǲǣ
æЦǰﻰ׷õ廨ҪǷҲͬҪҪλǰأ
ҹ֪ǸԼӣ˵ãֻһƷʸǰȥ
Ľ˵ү⻰ҿҪһУ˰ɣ
忴Ľ棬룬ͷҲãǰǰλΣ
˶ǰ׷ԲԣһһŮ˺öͣƽʱٳΪ֮ãԵͷ޲֮ɫ
ߣ
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òƽһƬڰռסȥЩˣҿС۲ȴźɭɭ׹⡣
Ʈӹǽͷ䵽ܡ
ѹŭٺһЦûСӣҿڣȻɻˣ


616 ð
ΰһһʱõڵϵ˵ȻĻġ
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μһʧʱǾֻأŴڡ
óԺһûԼʱĿνĺ
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ʲôõ廨˵ʲôôüͷ˼ĵ
ҡͷЦΪСϢͨû˵õ廨ˣǺǣȤȤ

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ҲװģɣܴùǣȻ޻˵򲻹ǣҪ׺ߵ
ǱңĿɨÿһˡ
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һ׸ǰһĵؿڣޱȡ
׻ӭϣԣ顱һ죬˸һ£漴ָ糣
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·˴һ¿ˣαסҲ˲֪ɫĩûжҿŷĩƮɢҲֻÿ˵İΧȦʱ˿
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ֵİҴҲᱻٺ١Ƶĵŷ壬ɨһĽ
Ľҡͷ̾ϢŮѾɱ˰գ
šɫһ䣬漴Цð͵Ǳɣ
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Ľͷٶ˵ʵڲãУŮ˶绨һеŮ˲ÿȴ֮
Եɱˣһٴζϧö࿴һۣŤͷߡ
ǰݺһ߳ȥѻһͷ³һѪ׺ݵĵŷǡ
Ǽ״գҪߣĽүαΪôһһԼѥӣ߰գ
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ͨεжĽ壬ᣬȴһĪı£ǲССҲ硣

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ϣҲ죡ΰ׿ҡͷȻ³һѪɫԽ԰׼֡
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ǵĽΪ⣬ǺбӸһ㣬ƴһйͱ
ĽȻᵢǣ书˰һСԺѾɨøɸɾܰȰѸøɵĸˣܰ

ĽֱصԼʼĥ⣬ĥúдţд÷ǣþûдˡ
дֺСӥţܴСޣż㲻̫࣬д־СԱдһЩ
ҲܻɴģܹдöһЩշˣСɣע⡣
˵ӥָ֣Ͼǿиǿ֣һĸ죬ӥɾͺĪ
д֮ƿХһʱմһӥণһֱڸ߿գƽʱֻҪĽһٻ
ӥܿĽżһڣϵӥϣȻ˵ͷҪ֮ڶӥԺ
첲һĽһֱ̧ۣ͵Уӥڿ͵һչᣬٴڿգֱֱ߳ϣת۷߿գΪһ塣
ѩŮ붨ݼ
Ľϣϸ˿Ůݹ⣬ЦŵͷùҲнûϣһζͻԼЪһЪһһʱˣ
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Ĳһˣ糿ҲСģһ°ѲҶˣѽɣȻЦ
˵ȴЦ绨ģŤգĽǰŮˡ
ŮΧһΣĽΧڵУǸݹ绨ѩӷ·ˡ
˵ʲôõ廨ǲɻǲǣѩüͷʵӶ֮ɫ
Ľͷȥ׷һûܴסܼ֣һӲҪȥ
ܴܲʡ
ĽҡҡͷƲᣬҪһܶԸ
˵Ṧ߾׽סġ

ĽЦŰοһѧ书ﻹûаȫУһз紵ݶ͸ˡ
Ҳľ裬˵õ廨ľѡ
Ṧ߾δܴסһԸϲ̼ô˵Ҫһ뷽Ѿ˺ƤǷҲŹ
Ľ룬Խƶ
룬ֱֻܽˣǻŮ뿪ҪҪ˴Լ
ܿվУѰڤڤ֮е
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ֻһˣĽתͷʱ¶Цݣ˯ÿɺã
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ʱǰϵԽԽˣȷʵ죬˲ȡԭһϵһΪˣ
ĽƬ̣˼
һûϵˣҪҲȥʶһ£
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û뵽ôˣһȤ뿴⵽ʲô˵ĹŹֹ졣
ŷ嵽˶һԺǰûǰȥͨܿԳӭ׵ɫ԰ףȻļ
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Ľͷһȥֱӵ˴ˣׯĲڣڡ
Ƕϥϣ齺ڴڳ˰齣ˣյһƬ
ĽһĿⶼ

ΰױ˫ۣͷڣ·˵ˮɫ԰ֽһҹĹ˺ݲ٣ࡣ
Ľûϻֱΰ˫ְģΪһ˿̽롣
Ľ۾ΰͷİ٣ɫһ˿
˼״Ⱦϲָ죬û뵽Ľεˡ
Ľ֮˲ͬǶΰڣû뵽У
Ľȴ֮˹ǳΰ⣬·ܲ¿ܿԽԽĽڡ
һ߽ѹƣһΰ壬ģΰ׵ߵ·ӣȴ෴
۾ǰһ֮
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õ廨ǡҲ֪ںδҡͷ̾

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617 
ĽصԼСԺڷСԺΧΧסСԺһ
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Ľ׷ǶڴϣʣĺؾѰˣ


618 
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˵ĽȸĸҪףĽԺؾȫ˽⣬
Ľĵһ밲ȫУ
Ľ̾ɵѾͷοˣ˾ǣ
һֱһңһ뵽Ҿ;ûûʲôȤͶ̥
Ľҡҡͷ˵һξˣˣԼӣ
ĥҽѣФ̾ϢĿĽ
Ľ̾ѽԼҲ븸ĸˣǸεʹࣿ
ҡͷ벻ôˣʵ̫ʹ࣬
Ҹһ𾭰աĽ޿κε̾˿
šФͷ
Ľ΢˫ۣ˫ֽӡʼоеһƪľͶͳ·ӵص״͸Ż
飬˶䣬֮һ֮ˬƣ֮һɨ
ԼаʱĽֹͣоתФ磬ȴɫƽͣһЦ
ˣĽʡ
ФһҡҡͷоźҺöˣһǡ
Ľü޿κô˵ʵǻſ࣬ǲǣ
ǡФĵȫ
Ľ̾˿ͷðɣԾͳȫ㣡
˵֣ʳָͷһ㣬㰲ȥɣ
ջָʱФȥȻ
ΧһФһȥõıϢȻһϢûˣӣû
ûӲ֮⣬һʾֹͣˣ
Ф⣬תͷĽǡ
Ľ̾ʵڲȥˣˣȫͶ̥⻰ûġ
Ф˵СһʱĺͿˣֻҪúȰվõİôʵ̫

ʲôСɱФ϶ʱ߼ǰһƿФǰ̽ФıϢ
С磡һҡҡ壬Ŷһȴû˶
ФĽФʵڲģǿЦһ
ȥһФ磬ֿĽⲻǿЦգ
ĽҡͷҴӦФҪȻӣ
ҲɱţФ
Фֵܣס죬ʲô˵ģǽе
ФҲĽ뿴ʲô˵Ū̫˼Ҳ벻ĽȻȻɱˡ
ĽȻչһЦǺǵ֮ضλصģֻѣȥζ
Фæʡ
ĽһַѨַɣֻǳӲ
֮û¶ȣӲȴᣬˡ
СʲôʱѹФʵ
Ľ̫ãһӵĹˡ
ǺǡФЦҡͷҵ뿴Сѹʲôо
ŪٳɣФʵ
ĽҡͷФϲİգˣҲܾȻ
ͺãͺãФͷ̴ֻɣȴֳܱﲻ𰡡
Фոû˵飬һֱֱĶϵФ磬ȴûôǣңãԳȻ⡣
ʵ𣿡
ĽЦһ£ҪԿɣһĽᣬҪԼѧ⿪
ǵҿǺζûãһѾͷѽ
ĽҪ
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ФǿЦЦ
ĽǰФˣúûŰɡ
Ф¶һ˿Ц⣬ҡҡͷ
ĽҰɣһ֮ˣǳƤңؿ̫ˣ
ƤҡФ۾һͷл㲦
ĽΣ
ҲǷˣФȻʡ
ĽЦЦʦɮˣ쳾㲻ɮˣֻǰ
Ф뵽Ľǰľ飬ÿһֶƽ͵𿰿µĸɮ˸ʤһ
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ֹ㷢Ʈɣһţһ㷢䵽˴£ͷ缦
ʱ绻һˣף¶
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Ҳ̫Ҫһ£ФŭǳĽ
ŭ֮޲ǰĽһƣС磬ʵھᣬ档
Ф翴ФϣȻŮТ
С磬αˣֲʲô£ʲô벻ģФ϶żŭ
̵ŮŮҵһУʧСʧǴŮʵڲҪţˣˣŮң֮ˣܰˡ
Ф̾Ϣ͸űɣ»ںޡ

Ľ΢ЦФϣֲҾڷʱܻ
Ф̾˿εµ˵棬úչС磬Ϸм
˵Ҿһ
ĽˣͷҵӣԻϣФϲصģԳ
ߣǲȥģФƲƲ졣
ĽЦЦһ³
ãлФϵͷ
ФٺǰСãϲܰݵ£ϱĸ֣αطҪأ
Ф絭һЦҡͷ
ֳǸˣȴǸĵģЩ˵ҲףԼȻ෴ʹ裬ʱҪܿͻˣϣԼôҲԼ
˵棬ΨЦҡͷ
ĽȭФϣ鷳ȥŪһɮ¸´ϰա
Ф̾ͷȥˣӰɣФ۾һᣬᡣ
Ľ£㳣ˣ˵նϳԵȴ׳ТþҪġ
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ܿФϱһ׻ɫɮһñӣĽ˳ȥ뿪¥ݣ¥µȺ
һһµФ绺¥ɮסĽѩ׹Խ԰𪣬ˡ
һ紵ɮϣµ֡
һĭĽһɨæڨЦͷת۾ٿ
ȴ̾һɫˣ¸˼ɫôһѵġ
ФФǰФİ

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õ廨ĸ֣Фɫһ£סĺ촽
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Ľͷʱо֮٣ܲ
ǵһǸģȥȥ̫Σˣ˰æ
ĽЦҡҡͷأҰͲңжԸİ취
ܶԸǶʱһϲʵ
ĽͷԿ
ðҾ͵ĺϢˣǺЦ
һֱλĪ⣬һһţۻңûʲôѵסзš
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ǺǣãҲ˵ͷɲǸ£زס£˵Ȼʵ̡
ĽҲӣشҧгݣЦҡҡͷФС֣һʧ
򢣬Ľʧ⣬˿취˵ܴסõ廨
Фֻǰţܿ۾ؿһĶģǡʱһůϢĴתʱˬƮƮģҪ
Ȼǰţȴûз磬ͷһƣŲ̤أڿƮίʵЩ졣
º棬ôٶȣӦôι赲ٶȵģСܣӭ洵
ôٶȣӦúܴȴһӦǹŹ֣һʦŪģ֪ʲôӡ
Ľº͵סȻԼ
Ф羫һæͷǣʦ
֪ʦ书˷ܣ书֮书Ҳ±ˣɻǼһɱһ
ĽȰתȦ󣬰ڣԼŰˣФӱǳһ¼סˣѧŰǿĿİȦȦʼܴ硣
ĽԸ̾ȻǿԶʤһˣѧ书úܣתһѧͻᡣ

Ľ˸ת۹˳ǣһƬתתǰһС
СѾˣ˴ԫϱڣǽԭɫ͸²ɣۼ
ĽФС֣ƮԺӣ̨¡
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ĽǺЦѣһգ
Ц¼żţӹҵԼָо
ĽЦǺǡҲǣͷ¶棬ܼ˵ģָ䣬İգֻһ˹Сͽ
֨űƮȻ߳һꡣ
촽һȣǶ첻ʺӣȴ˿û֮УƮݲȺ֮
ĽЦеĴͷһõ廨òҲݵİɣ
ФļһȻ룬ФԼһ½Ӳˣãһҹٴӿ֡
ıòǰһ񣬵˫ֱҪ˵͸ȴ£һϳ
Ľһƹֱڻ壬·ȪůڵİǻصĻůʣְȫ
Ľ֮ԴΪħħ֮Σգ֮ͬС
Ҫڸ书ˣ漰ħҪΣգǻᡣ

㣡ɨһĽ¶һФϣ¶һ˿Ц⣺ǲ¶ˮˣһҲɻˣͷһ˶ţ㿴ƺ쳾ΪᣬǸҲʩǺǡ
㡭Ф촽ݺݵ
òȻݺݵģûʲôһЦҸȤˣǽȥɣ
ûĽ˵һФһ࣬̽ȥ׽硣
飡ֻФ磬ط˳ȥ
Ǳ޴ʯͷײˣֱͦͦĵɣĽ̤ǰһʳָ㣬͡һָ׷Ͽеꡣ
ɫ䣬æΣܿȴ뽣֮仯һײ
顱һƺߣٴκɳȥ
úã֮ұذٱ֮ȥҲڿ³һѪ˻Цؼ٣类קңңȥת˲ʧ
ĽҡͷЦЦûȥ׷
ʦˣΪʲô׷ѽФæ
ĽЦЦһܡ
ǰһǣСָ׺񽣣߶أΡ
ټϺһõ廨Լǡˡ
ԼһҪȥǧѣɻΪɫ˶ŮԪ
ˣҪָΪֻһ·ȥԪԸԼ
Ľһ׷һĪҪˡ
ǣʦФæͷϲһо洦
ôиоΪΪĽĽˮЧȻǷ
ĽĴָüģʱһ˽ȥĺؾһ龰ӳԺǰ

Ľһ̫δԺȻС֣ƮһƮȥ
˵ٶȲ죬ĽƮƮŲУ·̤һ㣬ФȫԺڣʼ̫Ρ
ķԣĽԼ̫ѣٶ죬Ҳľǿʺ
̫β壬汸ԶʤκһķǺСһ£Ʒ֮С
ƷΧֻȳƷһЩϹ˳Ʒѧ֮Գ̫ǿȴǲ硣
ٶȲ죬һֱͣͣһɽ£ǰĴɽΡ׳ɭɭľ
Ľû뵽ȥơ
ʦ᲻Ф
Ľ¶Цݣû뵽ӵ˼άܣСĽ߽߱ʣʹܴҲܱ
ĽЦˮڣҲҪȥСһǺõġ
ǣʦСġФͷ
ĽС֣ϸƮƮɽµ֣Ȼ̤ҶУһ硣
һֱߣƬ֣ȻᾹʯٽǲݵأһƬ֣ͣһɽǰ
ФתͷܣʦԼԼֲһɽȣʵΡ
ĽطһХ
Х糱ˮɽֱֱ̳¹ȥˮɽȣХɽҰ޾ߡ
ʦФ粻⡣
ĽЦǴݾߣΪ֮񡣡
ФȻʦǲҲûգ
ʦ书ǿЩֶΣֱȥɱ˱ǡ
ĽЦЦôʧˣ
ʦ뵽ȥФ
ĽЦǾͺãȽ̸һʲôʱ书ԶҪڵڶλȡһ
ϰߣȡммǡĽɫ

ФͷʦҼסˣ벻ס
Ľ쳤ХХԽͰԵ紺׹ɽȣ·Ҫɽը
Ľǿ书ģһ书Ҳ㣬ֻҪץס㣬׻һڵһλȻǴң粽УͷԲãԽԽ򵥣ᱻŪڹ֮ϣⱻ
ФȻ򣺡ʦˣ
Ľ˵ƾҵ书ʤ˼ѹ׵ľѧɱﵣͻȻһҿɲұ֤һܽӵסαðգ
ĽŵܲಫͲŷһá
ФЦʦһϯǡҴûЩ
նĸգ书ٸҲܴ⡣ĽЦЦǰǴС㣬ڹ¥ԳһƬأһԲ˼ɲˣҪѧӦ
ǣʦФͷ
ĽٴγХһФƮǰɽУէһ̤ȥǰһƬ̲ݣ̲ݾͷһξСɽΧб£ϱ鲼֣һ̻ɽһС
һֱФؿڡ
һͻأǡھת֮ʣһ⣬Ӧʱˡ
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һӰһ£ʧ٣Ľȴȥ׷վڹȿڣһХ
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˵ˣԲسҩ˹ܹˡ
ĽһХιҡҡͷЦһˣǽߣ
ƮƮǰת۵Сߣһͱڣֱֱһ°벿̦ϰ벿١

ĽФС֣Ʈ̤Ϻ棬ںƽأ߹浽˶ͱǰ
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ʯͷ߰ǵʯõġ
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㾭һ˵ŮʱһϵĿ־¡
˵һͳ뿪سǡĽ˳ʯңһʯҡ
ʯҲﲻͬտֻ࣬һʯ齣һʯʯ齶ʯϲ˿ӿݵСӦǱ

ʯϻмСƿӦǵҩʯڸһСϪȪ¡
ĽҡҡͷʯҲһأ˺ܶˣżȻ֣Եѡ
õ廨벻Ӳѱ߲ݣҲ֪η˻죬漴Ц
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ˣ±˶ƲѾڰǣڰǷΪѡ
ĽҡͷЦЦ㲻㣬ʹپҲг©ʱ
ףȻߵʯǰüɨ˼ۣҡҡͷȻǱƽ⻬Ǳ򱦵
Ľ룬̾Ϣһһ
Ʋõ廨зɽʯϿ书ˣٽͳõ廨
Ҳ֪ķʲôŹ֣ķҲ֣֪Ϊòԣԭ㷨ţҪԪ
תһȦûʲôֵÿģǰЩƿȫˣȻɽ棬ʱŮѾվš
ʦФǰǶǰǵġ
ǾͻȥɡĽͷ
Фæʦǲȥ
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Ľü룬ҡͷҲյӣûޣգҵŮɡ
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ŮΪ񣬽СŮӵȵģã
Ľڰ΢ЦؿѾŮ˶Ҳ̫ۣҸŪһݣٻؼҾͲʲô鷳ˡ
лŮٴл

Ůˣʲ㲻ţЩǿ书ȴҪǿʲһҲûʲôչͽഺѡ
Ľ׺ΪˮѾû黨ǲݵ˼Ůȴġ
߰ɣȻȥĽ
Ф粻ĵĵʦǲȥ׷ˣ
ĽҡͷȷһţǾؼңü˵ġ
ҲáФ翴һŮǵ鼫˽⣬Ҳͬ飬ǣԼʦҪɱˡ
ߣΪһûȭŹãĽ룬ǵ书õ廨
Ϊδ书һΪǴʱ䣬Ҫǣ书ŮӣԪԶʤѰŮӡ
֮һֱûжǣ˴֮Ҫ书һΣٲɲЧǷ
ϧ㲻㣬ǴҲ벻ǰصĵطԼҵˣһĻΪˮ
ʹҲʲµġ
ûŮɲõ廨ָƣ֮ѣķˣ뾡ָƣֻвɲ
ŮһС࣬һС˶ŵڵŮ֪񣬾ֹ󷽡
Ů֣ȻסС֣סФ֣ηӣŮݰ
ĽŮڣס壬ܲˣʩչṦһ˵ܲס
Ľܿ˷ֱӽСԺŮӸѩŮչ˺ˣȻФһʧ
ʦ׷𣿡Фһתķһʡ
֪ʦССۣܵԲȰͻȥ׷ɼʦլʺΪ

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˸Ф°ȻĿΧԼʲôʱṦ
ĽЦЦôڲôǼ˰ɣ
ФһͷأѽʦΪʲô
ĽЦõ廨̫£񿴵Ǳģ֪ûʲôµģɱͻġ
ѽФ¶Цݣʦ˵˲һӣȻÿЦôһһʲôµģ
ĽƮƮ˳ǾʮһСŰ𷱻̶ȣԶһƽС
ĽҲ٣˲þף˸֣ת۵һլ䵽ԺһХ֮﷢
Ƭ̺һӻɫƣϢأһĲݣ˿ĽһüºηʥΪָСУŰ
þĽЦźȻһָ͵ƿն
һƮƮһ˷չֳɡ
һĽõĲ׺ϢΣû뵽УĽ壬Ṧʩչһͷ
ĽݺᣬƮƮ죬仯Ī⣬ÿڼ䲻ݷ֮ʱ֮ܿ塣
ĽʳָᲦ裬ĶйĿ֮ܣһĶá
һ߼סһ߷һܣԺԼӰҲڶսʽȴһ
Ժһӵһ֮Ȼܵòȷ
ĽⲽŶݼ׵ӰӣڴܾѧŶݼףм衣
ʱţйȥĽԴԴֻܲϹϷʵЦ뿴Ľþ

ʹ书ģĽĽҲ⼫һ˵ʩչҲֲ˼µġ
Ӵ̣һʩչˣٽƾԼһԲ˶ߣ
ʽӣʩչ࣬ԺԽԽȷʮֻһУȷʵôУȫܳ
ŶݼףˣҲܾܣ˲ͨŶݼ׵ģǿһҲ
ֹʮУĽȻſФ磬֣ʮָ붯ͣͣͣͣͣʮͬʱ䡣
ӴһϮȴ޷תԼȥһ㣬ҪܿǿŤת
͵ŤһͣʱϮ
飡飡飡ͣĺˣÿһºһһʮĽĽ಻ͣϡ
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ĽַѨȻƮԶߣһФ磬뿪˴Ժܿص˳˷
䳡Ľ󣬰ϵһףȭЦүүҲ
뷽ǶܽŹ֣ƽʱܳȥ֪ȥˣȴԹԴ
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ĽҸ鵤
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˵Сͤ׹
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þĶǣѩݹҫԣɫǿš
󵨣һϺȴ۱źâŭĿĽϽ¹Ķ֡
ѩһֱ̧ۣ齫ˡ
ǣ˺һĿ⣬΢ɮ붨ҲĽһۡ
ĽЦɨһۺ齫λǽ
ѩ΢ЦĴ۲͸֮̽⣺齫ʵĽ˽ŴӾ˳ҵĻ
֪ԼεȾˣԼֵܼԼҲֱӣǼԼţԲλ࣬ʣһЩԲλ࣬Ҳһƽ޲
ѩĻĽȻ𾴣³иɣ˶̫࣬Իصʹ˹
ɾ壬Ϊ»Ϊ֮Ϊ˹Ϊ˰ףӦܵ
ѩףȻǷĶȲʮ㡣
ĽЦҲ֪ηˣǷˣˡ
ѩ΢΢һЦ˵Ӽǰţȴˡ
ĽЦЦүû˵ҺûɣүţʵûԾ
ѩûв֮⣬⼸仰ԭα¶ȷʵǸѱļһӦͷˡ
ӲҲֻжܼԦˣǲˡ
еˣĪΪԼɫʹװµģҲȫĵ׵ľ졣
֣ƽˮԼԼӶǹˡ
ЩŭȴȻһЦ˵ѧˣĪ⣬еĸ֣֪Ǽ٣
ĽЦЦүˡ
ѩ治ƲҪѰأȻܿ飬ȴƲסӲͨĸӦ

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ĽüͷһЦүȻֺ꣬ġ
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ĽЦһѱӣҴڸʲôȱ
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һĽǰ̽ƱģĽƮһˣܹ齫ĳĽˡ
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˴ǰĽҪλӰȴŲżȴĲÿһζܹ
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齫ˣײˣꡱһըԵסΣֱֱ׹档
żһ棬ȽһСͤ
ɫ֣˫۾䣬ƮüƶƮţĽ
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ˮĽ治ͣը齫һƽһƣƺ޾ҪĽ
ԽԽ죬ĽΧˮĽȴˮմ˰֮ĽҲ鹻ԼĲЦһ齫Ҳһƣ
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׹æһĻ̌һ˻ȥƮȻ䵽棬һҶСۣƽƽƮͤڡ

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Ϊ˷ԸҲһðմ̼һˣԭԼ룬ָоܺ档
Σƣ⣬ӻǺСκεˣʹǳ͢ǺСҲһֻ۱һֻۡ

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㲻Ҫҩˣѩߵ
ĽҡͷϿɹɣҪҲգǴ̣ҿɲ֪ʲôˡ
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ĽЦǰһҷΣ
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ĽЦҡҡͷŪˣԣҪԣִУ
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ָо⣬Ϊ书˸ǰСʽɥɫбѩ֧ţߡ
ѩɫ԰ף죬Щڣ֪ͻӣշĵֶζǣһ㣬αطҪǿ

ͷתһ£ʧӿһɶݺݵͷȻˣҪշշҪɱˣ򣬺
飡һ죬ٿķֿ
Ľ»Żͣĺˣһֱ˵ǰֹסһЦãʹ죡
ƮƮȻ˺һԶüĽ
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ѩҡͷǿĶˡ
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Կ죬ת۹˰УĽֺȻΪȭ͵һȭͷײ
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ǰշ磬Ϊȴ⣬϶ѹסһ췴˿ƣԸǿӲΰ棬ûǻȥԾ󻼡
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ֻ齫̾˿óһذף޹⣬ɿ˵ľͷƳɡ
ذ׿˰Σ̧ͷ̾˿͵ĳȥذ״ģϢ
Ľߣ˫һ𣬶ʱͬʱɳȥǡñܹһ̣ڿУʳָһ㡣
ࣣһ죬齫ؿһѪ
ɳȥײԱӣ˳ӻϣί٣סؿڡ
齫ѩ󾪡
顭Ԫ齫˵ӿһѪ
ѩɫ԰ףæƣˣ
׹һСܽСͤ㣬æ齫
ѩ׾ţٷϻ¹Ԫ
׹æӻȡһɣСĴ򿪣浹һö쵤裬ƺ͵齫
ôֵģǡ׹һιҩһ߶
飡飡顪
Ľ߷ַֺϺϣһһеӲƴҪֳȣ޵ľˮʱҲʤġ

飡׹æ̧ͷߣ
ĽײСͤһײϣ˵ľͷ벻⣬ֻһζҪ򵹶Է
飡飡飡飡
Сͤζ˺ȻһӶϣͨɽţ˫Ƶӣһƽ罭纣ӿ쳣
ֵһѽסְɣĪͤӲඡ׹ʣ˿ûҪߵ˼æߵĽȰ
ĽβƤţ׹˵պϸ˵㻹߰ɡ
ҵӴٴٴ׹еĵ
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ãģţѩЦֵ̬뿪Сͤ


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СֻͤʣĽϣĽƮˣЦϸǣ
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ΣĽ񶸵Ӽ֣޵ľ˻ģһ˶ŮˣڻʹԹͷ
ĽСԺ֮׿һԺӵһŮ书һһָ㡣
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ӯӯһתѴϣ뿪˹¥µ±ߵСͤһһĽ
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֪Уĺɫ£뷽Թţһ˻طŮ׹뿪Լһ˶ھǰ
ƽӳͨ磬Ȱֶ˼ͣ񣬷žӨĹ
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Ľҡҡͷض˶ģү϶أԾһõõģĿһУûǫ֮ģ̳мҸҶ϶ķһƬ²࣬Ҷ˥ܣ

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ۿһһһֵʮôȥһյʱͻɱɾ
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뵽ļ٣ó̵񱼣ת۵ĽСԺ⣬ȰļװŮǰһס·
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ΧһԲĽųУ֪˵棬һϣҲסΨֻ֮Ҫסǣһʧһӵϡ
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϶̫ǣǱҡҡͷ̾˿
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·ԽԽխһ룬Ͳˣֻһߣ᫵Ĺʯʯ֣֮ɢ㡣
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Ľվס߶Զһֱߣܿ߹һСɽ·ԱһգӰˡ


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Բͨ̾˿ԵԵȥɢ޳ܹı䣡
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ѩٸ˵㵽װﲻ
ԲͨüһλСʦãʦĹŵӣΪҪ붯æȴѣչˣµġ
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Ļ̌ͷʯڣȻһЦƮһԾʯϷͣסһʱ̦䣬ʯڱù⻬羵
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ʱԲͨˣҸվһλɮˣɮ˫֮һòϣض

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˶ΰС͸һɸһ˫˫۾â䣬ʵʣΪ֮ɼһߡ
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ĽѩĺŤͷѩҡΣ磬һѰɡ
Ľͷã߰ɡ


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һ٣ٶɮŭܣһȣȭͷءһµԲڽǰǻס
ԲһΪֵӭȭͷն
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ԲüƮƮָ罣ɮüģȴƵסһȭһͷ
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ѩһֱͷſ״æһĽ磬ţ
ĽͷһԲͨߣԲͨʦ֮ͨҿ
ԲͨŤͷľګ˫ȴʩ
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ԲͨͷԲ͵Ľǰ
Ľŵϡ
ԲͨæٲߣȴһϺȣţ
ŤͷȴǶСĺɮЦ

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ɮҡͷɲɣǸʱ䣬Ȳǵ鹦ҪھͱȣȾ䣡
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ƽӿһ磬ĸɮ˷˳ȥɳ˻ȡ
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ʮɸߵĵطˤȥҪˤˤϺȴҡҡλεվ
Ľᣬתͷ߰գ
ԲͨһɮĿĽ
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Բͨæͷߣһ߶ĽлĽЦҡҡͷû˵ܿ˴ұһգһҡ
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ԲͨԲڷ£Ľǰָ£縺ϣȴȻѸݣ£ӯѸһմߡ
һ֣ԲѪʱֹס˺
Բͨæǰѵҩ͵Բ˵켴ԲͨһֻҪ´˵ܱס
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Բͨ淨ܹΪãаǳʹڶҲǽҪŽ

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뿪ˡԲͨ
ĽҡҡͷʦǳˣɱЩѾħѵҪħҽղɱǣжٸɮµꣿ
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תͷȥɡ
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ԲںеַʤǺɮһϧȴͻȻܣĽҡͷѡ
֣ÿ˶ҪмɱﵣжžУ档
ԲںַֻȡɣĴȡʤȴû뵽Է˼һעһԳɹ
ƺɮʤȴȻ˵ǰһ飬Բںʤˣ̫Եʡ
Բֻͨ̾ΪǿǿʤԼķУû뵽
ĽЦʦзҲҪģ书Žлûл徲֮أľɲɣңſУҪ쳾һĲᶨ

˵Щϱ죬˵ЩѾˣĴЧʵޣ˵ЩҲá
ѩЦ˵ģ磬ҲǺһ㣡
Բͨ˼ͷлʩָ㡣
磬ҲûģɽûأǲǣԲͨСʦôѩ
ԲͨСʦúþѶ
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Բͨ򲻵ѣСʦá
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Բͨҡҡͷѩγԣ
ѩбЦһ֪㣡СĽĹͷҸƵģ
Բͨͷ¶ڨڨ֮⡣
ѩߵ磬ʦҪûСݶҪôţ
Ľתͷȥװ
ԲͨΪѵĿĽĽˣ֪һǿ׳ε̾˿ȥȰȰСʦðɡ
ѩʱüЦһͷŶԲͨ㴿ţģ򲻶
ԲͨεҡҡͷͷԲڣһԲڲ԰׵ɫѾ˺Ϣƽ
ѩڰ֣Բͨȥȥû
ǡʱ洫ŭԲͨһæƮȥսһţɮӦ˵ĺϹ
ĸɮһ㣬Ĺˣһǰжʯ٣ͬھ
ĽЯѩüѩô£ǻ֣ܶûʰǣ
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ʮɸߴ£֣ܶȻ񹦣ǵΣѾǿ֮ĩ
Ľ̾˿˼ǱֲõģϾ̫ߣʹлܵҲᡣ

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ڿе۶أɮ˵ɣ³ӡԲɴۣ
ڿٴһۣٴγɮȭͷٴཻ顱һڿз˸ͷָɮ˺һ⣬ٴγȭ
Ӳƴһ顱顱顱顱顱һУɮֲ֧ס쵹ء
ڿзһͷ䵽һ󣬻ȭȥǺɮ˼Ʋܹ
ȭͷؼӳ·Ȼһأڻࡣ
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Բͨҡҡͷռ˱ˣ׼ģûʩǰ֣Ҳǡ
ĽҡͷЦЦûзʵȷʵˣĸɮ˵ΪԼ֣ƾĹ򣬼ʹʹǱҲ˵Ķֻ֣ˡ

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ôߣѩһһû붯λСʦأ
Ľҡͷиλˣô죿
ѩ룬ĵ̾˿޺޵ԲͨһۣԲͨҲЩգѧʲô𷨣Ȱ书ˣסԼסʦѧʲôã
ԲͨǺε̾Ϣһ
ʱһԲͨæתߡѾˡ
Ľ߰գٴͽΰˡ
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ԲͨæôѩҪߣ
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ĽüͷһͷҲá
ѩüԲͨһۡ
Բͨתʩ
Ҳȥѩæ
ԲͨѩʩҪȥ𾭣Ҫ־㡭
Ͻ·ѩڰ֡
ԲͨĽĽЦŵͷԲͨεҡͷת·

һŽͷңӳһġѩ֣ѩϢ
Ľּ̾ǿͬһֱʣȻҲѩʦԽľˣͬһʱд
ǽǽߵܣ飬ϱߴһųķ鰸̫ʦǰС
Բָָ֮ͨܣʦƽʱľӴʦ֮Ҳһѡ
Ľǳգ
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ѩһϣ磬˫ۼڰ֧ͷĽ롣
Ľƺ񾲣֮ܿȫ֮С
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ĽУȫޣǰ˶Ҳˣֻһķ
ѩͣĴӣԽԽƽ٣Ϊδյһأէƽƽ棬ԽȴԽˣ
ĽˣѩóˣһƬ

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СѾͷôĿøϷһʶҵ뿴ôϷһʶѲҪϷһ٣Ц
ѩߵ˭±أϽ߰ɣҪǻҪ·أûй
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ѩǿŶģʼ߶ԹԼ

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ͳüһŪҵҪǺηʥʮһȥ˻ס룡
˵շܣȥһ֣ⰵʱǰ̫㣬ʱһ飬ˡ
´գ͵һˣ籬ը忪ھڹ罭й飬϶ɵ
һרƷַǽԼȴҲ忪Ѩ
ЩΣգþˣ֮ʵкڣǿ׳ǳԲŸʩչɱ
˫һߣһ£ϣαҶڸţһºѷ֡
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Χʮˣֻһվţߡ
ߺٺЦһͷȻôͷǽ򣬺úãǲ
˫۷Ź⣬ֺȻһָͳŭһνӳ
һ죬ƺһСʯײϽ죬ͳһַɳȥ
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һ֣ٺЦϷʲôˣ㵽үһʰɣ
ͳֻһգַ˳ȥһ̽ѽץסˣŤӽγһȥ
߻һָһֵİײ˽⣬ʱĴ죬ͬ
ͳĳҲղס˳ȥһû룬ֻʣ½뵴
ͳżһ㣬ܵμƣƮƮ󵴣Ȱ˼£˼ۡ
ߵİ׷֮͡һ죬ߴ͸һȴͳܹȥˣƮ֣ȵСĵһɣý
ͳһ¿͸ߵ㣬ϲϸߣϾޣܹúԶԶʹܴҲܵʱ䡣
ٺ٣˼׷總֮ңޱȣתۼ˾롣
ûкͳ鶯ȴʤٶȿ죬һ֣ʱ±׷ýϣۼҪ׷ˡ
ס֣ĶϺһδԾӹǵͷϷֱ̽ץ
ףŤͷһָ
һצΪƣǡǵߣϸ˿ȷ˿Ҫϸ֡
߶ʱֽһһһָȴͳ졣
ЦŻؿڣٶ졣
õΧκԣõҲΧκԣ˭ĳֿ죬˭ռ
ͳȴҲִеģһԱһۣȥˣϱҪܿϸߣȴϸ߻ܹ䣬һת׷ٶȸ죬ʱؿλá
ʱһͣӲӿȣȴ費סѨ⣬һβˡ

ؼǱһҲʹùƮԶʤƽʱѨȴá
ľѾۣʩչһܿҪѣһɱʹһ书Ҳˡ
򲻵һҷүˣԼҲоˣүӵ书ǿµģ϶ܵеùүӡ
žһ죬뷽ӣһ죬ڿеһ£Էء
ȵأüĺ˵ߡ
϶СòһܹһΪȴһס
һˣԼĴƣѪ϶ȴûУû˵ļʽ
ЦһãǶˣ
ߺٺЦϷǶҲСӣϵ
Ķʱɫһ䣬ŤͷȥһѾϣ̽
ӸҶĲȻɫ䣬һը
û뵽˾ùԼĸо͵͵Ǳһ࣬ԼֺȻ͵Ϯǿɶ֮
˶ֻһ죬Դһ£ǰһ󷢺ڡ
ķߣȴ߽ᣬڿла˿˿ϵ񣬷·׶һģꡣ
ƾȴͻƲ˴ֻ˫ˣȴûҪܡ
һĹ򣬺Ѿ
ĿѣεţһȥŮӣ
͵һ£ٶȶĿһ֣˲䵽˺һ䱳ġ
û뵽߿ҲûзĿһᣬƷХ


639 ͽ
顱һ죬ߵڻײ˳ᡣ
Ķһͣĵ߱ĵһȴͣסˣֻԺһǰһƬհףʲôҲ벻ˡ
ϲĴһ顱һӡ߱ģƤɳȥȻУѩ
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ĸҪȥһæŤӭϣ顱һ죬߷˳ȥײ·Ե
üǸղǼһԼһƾȻû£Ĺƴ
ȴǺײһֱ۴ֵΪΣȴȻµٴ˹
ϸһˣԲ壬ԲӣշһϻЦݣЦеĿ˿ûŭ
ıЦ÷ëüߵǶˣôĵӣ۸ɣ
ߺٺЦٴλƻ
ŭһ뵽ղŵľŭһԾ𣬴ӿи˫ߣŴ
ȴ˫ƣᣬİԼûӣһжָղѾʩչˡ
ղһˣѩȻһλ
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Ŀɿڴײ󣬲ԼѣŮˣ߷˳ȥֱײû˶
ĳһʹȻæη˰æһлһ
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ǵ϶ŶƣƽʱãʱȴóʮΧˮйͨסߵϸߡ
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ͳԶȣ԰к׼ýȴֻ׼ز׼ֻŷĹȥ
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Էĺη壬ٺЦͬӣ˿䵽ĸǰĻӭϡ
Ȼüֻһۣй֮Уӵһ㣬ԴԴϵߡ
ޱȣܱߣĳһӿʱ͸ѹ˰˿
žһ죬֯Ȼһ£Ȼ󱬿
߶ʱһУɫ԰ֽϹһŷģһ
ЦһƵ󣬿ɲһб֮
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Щų¾һλѩȴԭα¶̬ٳʾС
һڴ̿͸ǰ˿ûл֮ûˣηƴȥΪӮһʱ䣬ܼʱϹ
һأҲЩ̿͸ǰûãзүӣҲ׶༪١
̾˿Ƕĸ֣ԹǣǿɷҪҪҽΡ
áͳͷȥ죬ܿ챨˶ʮûбģǱѨ
Ѩⲻ˿ЩŹ֣ޱȣô඼಻һ˿ⲻѨ
üһ˸ǰ˽ȥһ˵Ѩ⿪ˣ˵̾
ͳүӣҲڣ
ҡҡͷЦЦȻһһ˽⿪ѨƮصϣŸ·׹Ѿǰˡ
׹ЦүӣҸղſһûС
ͺáĵͷӣȻһ˳

ɵĳڣѩڳǰ벿ϣֳһ飬
ɨһ۳ᣬȴûв˵ĵطΨѩڵĽɲˣȴֲܽҿ˿
߹ȥ齱ߣûŰɣ
ѩɨһۣ鵭Įҵ˵ģûʲô£ǳȥɣһ˾
ɵѾͷŲҡҡͷȻѩһ;òԾڷ˾
ѩ糺죬˫ǰͬһƵģ仹װŵĮӣȴͬˡ
ü˿ѩ㿴ʲô
ĵѾͷǲˣ
˭ѩüߵ㵽ôˣ߶߶ģǲһ̫£
ĺߵѾͷĪװ⣬ǲˣ
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˵һףֱһѱסԼһҡҡͷ
һʲôҲûУûص˿Լɹ
ǸղǺߵôͣи໤ټӲײҲҪ⣬߱Σ߱ѡ
֣ȼ˶ѣ⼸˵Упֵܳľ
ܸ˹һֱڰбѩȴԼ֣ѵԻѩҲһƬ˵Ϊ
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εҡҡͷ˳˳ᣬ˦һ죬ʱʻҲʼʼߡ

һ뿪ѩһã˸ҿ˿ȴûĽ
ҧź촽һղĽȻ֣ЦЦʧΪǴϵϢȴ
ڣ⵭Ϣڣҧź촽ζٰ㸴ӣϲŭίвޡ
˼һһ飬ʹǻ۹Ҳ޿κΣҡ
ԭ쵶ն飬Լģֱ뿪ƬĵأԶԶģصʦǸĵļһ
뷨ãԼȴƲסԼԺﲻʱĸΣ΢Ц̣˵ĳ֡
һһΣǰûм龰ӿֳԽǲȥ룬ԽҪ룬Ʒˡ
Ȼ뿪˷ȴεӰһֱľôҲʱţԽԽ
ǿҵĳ嶯Ҫ̣ػطȥһۣʹȥСԺ⿴ҲǺõġ
Ҳ֪Լ룬Ҳ˵ǵҲͬߣһ۾ܿԼ˼
ŷԽԶ˼ԽأһķˣԷ㣬ˮ彥ȥʱ䲻ã̫⡣
֪ôȥؼ죬ͻǿήĻһȥû
̾ϢѩѩҲн죬û뵽ҲҪԵһϣôɺ޵һһ
ЩӵĽĳԽĸӣһ飬ҪȴܣֻΪһ̾Ϣ
չ֣һƬƽ̹ĵطǰһСׯӣȮУƽŲ
ͳ죬ﲻկգ
ɫѾ磬ٵˣòһŵء

ڳļԺӣмѩ׹һǷģ˷ֱסǱ
˵ԽԽ㣬˰裬İȫܷܲ
ҹɫܿ콵ѩȻθڣԷһԣ˼ҵլӣݣмɣ䲻ʹȣһ˼ȴҲǿࡣ
ƹͶʧѩϣ㲣ʱȴݹ⣬һˡ
׹Ե㣬ϲһüЦĿţѩɫҲµһЩȴ˵
ǰȻӰһĽس֡
׹һæͷȥĽ¶࿴һ۾ɱֵ֮ԽԽˣΣյġ
ĽЦ׹ҸЩҪ˵⿴
úãȥ档׹ɴ⣬æĺˣתѷŴϣӣٲ¶档
ߣƾʲô֧ʹѩڵ̧ͷЦŵ
Ľһۣʱۣȷʵ࣬˿ȴƲĽ˫ۡ
ѩˣĽҡҡͷ
ѩЦֹʲô£뿪
ĽЦЦѩʲôʱ˵˹ˣ뿪ҹˣ
ѩһӣϣְطŵϣҪߣ뿪⴦ط
Ľһ鵲סѩˣ
ѩͣסŲȴ棬Ҳʲôʶôǵˣ
ĽЦúÿ죬ǺĵŮţ
٣Ц㻹˵˺ģѩ̲ס༥Цۺģû˱ȵ㣡
Ľ̾ðɣҺģѩ⼸ܿˡ
ѩЦбʲô࣬Ҹ˻أһ鷳ˣǻһҲõˣ
ĽЦЦѩôģ
ģҲԼôҲ޿ɺǣҲ̫ʧ˶ġѩȻҡҡͷ

Ľ⻰ıŤѩ֮һ˲Ŀ̹ǣܰ
ѩܲҰѻ˵ꣿĽҡͷ
ѩŤͷЦҲ
һָſһЦǺڣôʶôһ˵ļһ
ĽüҲˣ
̰ʲôˣѩб¶мŮ˻磬˵𣿡
Ľ̾˵ҳ˵ԭƭһƭ㸸׵ġ
֣ʲô֣ѩʱעⱻתơ
Ľұڼǰɻأһ뷽跨ҵǡ
ߣʲôӣѩԾЦ
ĽҡҡͷɱС˼Ȼԣȴǲͨıֻǲмȥðˣֻʩֶξܰҵ
Σѩߵ
ĽЦЦɵѾͷҿɲϾĸףǲǣ
ѩŤͷȥһԲ
Ľŵƭ㸸׿ɲףұһƣȰƭˣȻƭ㸸ס
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ĽЦǰһƭģѲΪǸ̰ģҪôΪһҪˣ
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Ľǰһ§סǺЦðɺðɣҾ̰ģĵҲûѩĪ
ѩһƿźһң
ĽЦأ
ѩЦһ˭ˣҲŲôһһֵ̫Ҳٿ㣬Ͻ
ĽЦеҡͷԱߵ̫ʦС

ѩҧź촽ݺݵĵúã㲻ߣ
תߣȴһϤϢٴΰʱһ£æҧһԼ촽
Ľ§ڻȻ̫ʦϣЦеĵҴƭ㡣
ѩӽţĿܣЦɣǼٵģ˭ֵܷ壡
Ľѩֲ壿
ɰȥ㣬Ϊαܶѩ̧ͷ˫ʵʰ
ĽЦҡͷ⻹һᣬʱڱչء
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ҲŲţѩߵ
ĽҡͷѩҺ˵ٻ
㲻˵ٻѩЦ̣ƭ˲˵ٻ
Ľðɺðɣ˵öǼٵģƭģҾһ
ʵЩΣѩίʵѲ֪࣬ȴƫƫŭԼء
ѩ͵һĽĻĽĶھôﵽ¯ĵزһȻӦԣһѩٴε
ѩ״֪šһϵ⣬š
ֻһСƤššԽСԽۣԽԽ
ĽȴЦеĿ촽һ¡
ʹԴղ񹦣ǧУܲġ
ѩ״š£ûֻ֣ܰ޺޴ȭ
Ľ󱳣ˣѩȱҪ⣬ôܻ㸸׵˫ۣС
ѩߵ˭֣Ҳ뿴㣬Ͻ
ĽЦڵһ˶ߵӣﴫתǡ
׹ԺżôͲүүǺ
򣬷ȴûȨû
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ֻҪԼסһأҲתˣһʹǷʲô˶ܽȥģ书ǿҲǲɡ


640 
Ů΢죬ǰѨһ⣬Ϊȥ
ЪĽţѩſظһϢ΢΢
ĽһḧƵĺ󱳣Ц΢΢
ιĽЦһ
̧ͷһۣѩ糺죬֪ΪЦԼ˭ԼղǰأԼҲƲסԼ
ĽЦؿɰѼסˣװ֪أأ
ѩҧҧߵֻŷңĹҵ
ĽҡͷЦҲˣһǣңֻԴΪأǣ˷ңǼΪ
㵽һͷѽǰңѩҧһؿں޺޵
Ľȥһģžһ죬ڷϣЦǳжۣȷʵ𡣡
ðɺðɣҲˣѩŤһߵ˵òȷʵ̫˽ֻԼܣҵ
Ľüͷһ⻰⣿
ѩΣĿ⣬Ǿ͵Ϊֹɡ
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ĽЦЦ
ѩԴӸ֮ÿ˯ãε·±̳ΣҹȻ᲻㣬ʮȫʮģԸ
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ѩŵ˻ãиҪ£Ҳ̫˽ˣֻڶŮ˽顣
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ѩߵģﻰ
ĽͷҲãˣұȫ㣡

ѩһŤͷ
Ľҹһˣң䣬Ȼûй˼ɣһ֮Ҳ޿κΣ㲻ɣзңһܵǨŭһֱ㲻ţȷʵ̫˽ˣ
㡭ѩſ촽
Ľŵѩˣ治ߣ
ѩһ£ҡҡͷߣô죿
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˵˵ʲôѽ˭̰ٻˣѩ߳˵ϵ˭̰ͼٻ󣬾̰书һʲô
Ľ룬ͷúã˵ö԰ɣôôɣһϡ
㡪ѩһ䣬źƵֱӣȥãҲ˵⻰һϾһϣøļһϹۣôһ
ŭԭ˵˵ģ˭ǰƭԼ۵Լ⼸찵أ
˵ˣһòޣòô׵ĹҲҪһţġ
룬һµ棬Ҫһϣһϱһϣ˭˭ҧ޷޵롣
Ľһһ§ǺЦ֮ǰҪúʰʰŮˣ
˵ѹסǹԾһǹֱ
ѩ﷢һ漴Ĵţļһҹѽſң
һһ߾ܾܻӭҲ֪ԼǾӭת۹ֻתߵⰻȻ
һԺҡͷѣڳȴĽѩĴͷĽĻԸˣȻæԼ϶Ϣȴ

⻰˼Ҫˣӷ𣬹ӣҪˡ
ǹȫֵģعһҪúòҼɫ˶滳ѩúչ
ţ¶΢ЦԵá
ѩһͨڣһЪ˯˹ȥתͷһԱûˡ
ȻǸļһ˵Ҫһϣ˰ɣ
´һֱŮ̿ɱˣΪĽҲһֱûŮ뵽˹˵йϢ
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룬Ľһϣղһӵķ񾢶һûһϵļʽ
Ϧڴϣӳ˸˼£޺һţ˵ļһˣȨϵ
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׹ҰæֻһСĵĿš
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׹æˣܿһյβϡ

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ѩ̧ͷݺݵ߲ߣʲô£ҸǰҪ
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뵽Ľֺޣ˻ȵϵֽƬһͨԼ۵ý
׹һԿľæͷװ
ֱͷ㺹乣أйϣߵʰˣøţ
׹æԷҪţһΥ͡
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ҹѩԳԲ·ֻһѩˣ࣬û˾񣬷·˪˵ӡ
ʹˣԲɫһ㲳֮ϧ׹ĲѣôȥɲˣӹǱͲãôڵġ
ѩͷİߣȻһĿţȴȥĽ۷ȥ
ɣڲסߣջ
˦˦ͷǿܾ񣬰Ժǿ顣

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ѩһ̧ͷʱȵʲô
ĽһϮϣЦǺǵĵҹį
ߣٺģѩ˸
ĽЦѩ
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Ľ뿪ӣֱӷ齣ѩ§һͷЦеĵ⼸ûţ
㲻Ҫһôôѩߵȴû
ĽЦ˵˵ˣѩ㵱ˣûҪʦˣǵץʱˣ
ѩһ죬ߵʲôץʱ䣬ң
ĽЦŪѧһѧ
ѩ֪Լˣʲôѧʲô
ĽþУѧҲŷػʹֱӰߣ
Сѩһȴ¶Ц֪ǵԼռ˱ˣߵ˵˻˥û˼
ĽһֻۣҪ˶ɣ
ðɺðɣҾѧѧѩûĵͷ
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Աߵķҡͷ̾ϢԼʶ˴֣ԭ˵ģô£
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һȥǵĺ棬ϵױ¶˵ĹϵǿɲˣСҴı
Ъѩ»ָݹ⣬ŵݹӳӣĽϥϣʳָѩüĴ
ֱԹඥ֮ķ˹ȥϰǡ

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Զ·ߣڻǻִһ峿ʱ֣ǵִ˾ʦ
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С٣ͤƣŵмϣҿУһűɫӳ
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Сɽ֮һϥ۶ȴĽСɽΪһ壬ԡСɽĹâ֮Уׯϡ
Ľඥʱģʱʱ룬˯ǰ룬Źâ˯ȥ
Ľ˵ֻҪˣഺפȥѩЦѣȫȻš
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ûĽʰ׹˶ã˵һʱΪ棬ȴԲţĽʲôŵַ
Ľ˵ֻһ䰮Ųţɵɹ
ദ䲻ãĽƢ֪֮֪ǡãһϣȴȥ̲סģԼȥ顣
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Ľ뿪ѩԼһ˰·Լ۵ùǺȻԺɽ
ʱ֮ƣøǿˣǰĽˣĽƲʱǿ

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ܣΧûˣѹ˵Ǵˡ
ѩߵСĵģ汻۸ˣ˵ˣ
У˼λָ빬˵Ϊ˷Եִָɱ
ȻЦ㣬λģأ
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š˵ʸˣǲʲôϲˣۣЦеĵ
ѩͷҵչس档
ȴƲ죬粻ŮԩҶͷҪܡ
Ҫϲˣ˵һž书ĵĴۺȻһ
ѩҡͷһ书ʲô书ǼҴһèˡ
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ѩߵҲûʲôã֪ˣһ統أ
һɫˣæԣ⻰¶ɲأ
ѩڰ֣ʹգ⻰˵
һĸʵأҲͽӸô˵ǿɶСΩǱ²ء
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С˵±һŭ֮ɱˣϾĻʺ񣬺ɱˣǷʲô
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Ц˼ҵ书齫Ҳϲϵģһѽһоס齫
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һԩĵ촳ϣ˴ʹ书ʤһ༸أ
ǣɫ̫ÿ׹ˣæԭѩҲ˵Լĵġ
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Ըеִ磬ܹȰס
ˡһŮӯӯѩڰ֣룡
ŮһŮŰȽȽ˵ƮӯϸѵĹŮʱμ穡
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鵭Į˫߰ƺȻ֮⣬ܿܿ
ѩһʣ֪Լû׵ģһѲС
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ض񡣡ѩЦָָ̧̧֣˵
лȻ󻺻üɮ붨һ㣬һԲŵѩ˵
ѩִۣڽܿļ٣Ө񣬷ƺйת˫͡
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֪УѾǰʱ֣ϦȾգѩҲںϼС
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뵽ЩҲûӲٹ˵ȥ޹ᣬǽá

¹
ܵǸʮߣȴûƣθ׳࣬Ӣ
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Ϊҿɰ˵ˣܵ۰ڰ֡

Ľһֱţα˾ʦתۼȥĽڱԺ˼ľʲôãڷʲôһ¾װ˵һλ
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ĽԺſӭӣЦеıȭ׹Դݣҵģ
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׹ҡͷ̾ڹѵúܣһ¡
ĽǺЦðɣ֪ȥɡ
㡭׹
Ľҿ˵ȥ
׹εĵͷ뿪ˡ


642 ɱ
ʼյѩ׾ŪĴףʵ۸ǰ˵Ļ
˵ʵ֪ȴᣬѩм̸ȴʱʱԣԸȻס
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֮ÿ춼ҪɢʱЧǿԣѷ书
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һϣûзѩȷʵףΪԼľͲһأѵʲôţ
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ŭȴֲֻܷܺߵȵþˣҵѾѣǾΪ
ĽЦЦŵ֪˼İգҼʹҲĿʾˡ
һæ봳
ĽЦ˵գҲ书ã´ȥá
ҡͷ֣˵ǧȥʹ书ʹȴϷȥѩʶĸ֣˵Ǹƣɲ⣬ƾ书ȥ
Ľͷңãݲȥˡ
ĶʱһĽȴӦˣزᷴڣ˱㲻뻳ѩ棬Ҳֳʲô

գĻ˵Ľܴһ뿪ֲ˵̫أ˽١
ʦķǵķһģһŰǵķģΪǰοѩ
ｨøԭһģһѩؼ죬һҲܽһ˼֮ࡣ
ʦķǷϷˣ˼ĵĸףѩСѩĸڸĸ
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ҹʱ֣Ȼ׶ۣ֮۸ȴһƮСԺƮƮϢһƮ˵ǺṦԶһ˿ɼ
ݣƮСԺҲĽķ䣬˦ֱһǷڣֱ䴩˴ֽ䵽Ľǰ

ĽʳָĴָһУѷڼסһʧϣСԺǺѾƮǽϣ֣Цһ
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644 
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ԭůתܿתΪ䣬·ȪȪ
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һ֮һĨĽ⣬ٴҽУһִֻһɵϡ
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һһۣҡҡͷ
û뵽˻һаţٵһ˵ҪС
ȻѲ⣬ÿ˽Сİ㣬ʹ书ԶԼģҲаԼ
Ľ̾һĻ֮ǿϧˣ
ͷɨһۣһһĨĽ棬վԭûж
ҽһ˵ڵϣȸһӣһնȴû֧վȡ

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ĽҡͷҶӲĪֻ֣㷸ϧ
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ת˺棬Ƶֵ˱ģƬ̺ƣҧ֨֨죬˫档
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վȴðѪԽӿԽ˿﷢æȥҩȴ߻סˡ
ҡҲˡŬһѪ˻Ŵ·Ʒȡ
ʦ

ߺȻһһֱվֱˣѿ˵ĲǲұҲӦá
ʼȳƣ˫۾뵡
ɫһ֪ǻعⷵա
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תͷ㲻ҪűΪӦãνӲ̸֮С˻£Ϊʦһֱһ۱һۣҲд˱Ҫúøʦܣ׳ΪھȪ֮ҲĿˣ
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˻ģһúõģ
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ʦ
ŤͷȥӰãĽͲˡ
ĽɱߣΣݻ̵ӣ̺ܽˣôŮܺ
䲻ʹΪȴ죬ɱ
峿ʱ֣֮߹ңϷ˵İʮټˣ죬ļӣ壬ǣмģˡ


648 
峿ʱ֣ĽСԺһͨһԹۿǺˡ
껤ĴǶӡ
Ľͣ¶ҡͷЦǶӣȥӭ
ɫװǵſڣ뷽վһȳȴǰ˼ϣӣɵĶΣܣѽ԰һ㡣
ĽǺЦүүδԶӭˡˡ
ǻתͷЦð徻ˣǵǺһ࣡
ԣ
ǹЦҲ̫Сδļǰ϶ģʲôԵģ
ߵʹ㣬ҲҪΣ
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ҡͷЦ¹ʰΣʵˡ

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ү۸⻹ԼĵأҲԼ͵ϮӵӰ죬û˾η֮⡣
εĵ˵Ƥӣ¹Բģǲһ˱ᣡ
˴ЦЦãҿǱҲŮ˵Ŀˣ¹˾ٴģ
ӹͷܹĺͽܰɣҲ̫ûˣô˵ҲǸˣ̫գ
ĽЦүú䣬ƷǣӺɷαˣǲǣ
ðԭʦͽǴһӵģǴе޺޵۸ѽ
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⻹࣡Ц

Ľӵƣ˶ҡҡͷɫΨзһɡ
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أĽʡ
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ĽЦǼйŹ֣ԼйŹ֣һֱԼӴء
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Ľӻͳһӣ׸ĽӹˣЦݸϼ֣λү˵ʵҪ̫࣬Ҳͬôÿ˶˵ǲǣ
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ƲƲ죬һ䣺һʲôӣ
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ףЦеĵͷǽﲻʲô˶Ҳʲô˶ֻһؼɡ
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лϣʩһһȥǰɹǰ·һԺ
һԺӣ˷·һأ۴֣ɽһһ壬лΧ羰ˡ
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ĸ̫书ˣԼ
ԲŮӯӯ߸ǰ˵ѽĻظһ飬ͷҿ
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߸ֶУĳأÿһʮ㣬Ľв쿴ԽôƷǷѰ
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ɫһ䣬һüǸȻλǰСŮҪʧˣȵɡ
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ЦҲҪ˼λ£ʵڲ˼λӸٺúһʶһľѧء
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ããЦһӭ̫ײһ
飡һ죬ڴԡ


650 
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һһ磬Ӿ̫ɳȥǲŷλá
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ߵٺ֣һѨ
Ųţ屻εѹǽϣֻǽڻһ㣬ԶѾ۵
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үǱƲѣֻܳ²ߣȥױȭβˣȻһҲ߲ˣү£
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ԲͣĽܷģóҲһ̫࣬أһС
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λǷҶӣӡЦȻ޲ɷָһ·壬ָһ·ǡ

šüͷһ壬ŷ뷽ǿ˿СӣǷҵˣ
Ȼ
η֮ɫʹΣܲܶ˷ҵ档
ϼһ㻹ſǣҴǴеɫмֻš
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ϼһӣǿЦΪ⣬Ϊޣĵ׿ֻţһۣתͷеҪ
Ľ˾һٿĵ˷뷽ߣ˫һѨ⿪Ȼ˱Ҫܡ
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ĽڿУǡýסˣȻ״ҪܿȴֲܱܿԼܿһƱ˷塣
̫ҲΧ˹ǰͷ˹˲ҪγɰΧʱҪͻΧ졣
Ľά磬˲͸˹ؽڣܣһӡϱģһ֮˳ȥ
ۣ³һѪֻƵڣݿݣȻĪ֮Լ·һ»Ϊ촷ۡ

λΪһ⣬ŷ뷽ʧҹɫУҪ׷ϣȴߺסˡ
ü˿Լ˫ƣҡҡͷذ׷ѹˣһȥҲҪˡ
ת֪ǻѩĵܵܣˣǲǣ
ɵĿҹգ
߳ߵǰһ硣
Ȼһ
߳ǹİɣ֪ǻѩĵܵܣǴÿ֣ǲǣ
æҪɣ
תͷߣҡͷүɡ
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㡭ָ԰׵ӣ촽΢΢
ܵüɫߵ㻹ϲСˣ
ϲϲʲôã˶ɱе
ܵҡͷҿòƽƽһѣʲôֵˣˣڹܻѩҪ
Ц˭ģ֮ĪǲޣҲɱ˰գ
ȻһЦȴЦ⡣

ܵ̾˿һͬԧ찡
ô˵Ҳ㣡Ц
ܵεҡҡͷðɺðɣҴӦ㣬Ͻ빬
ЦҲϡ
ⲻУǲУ㵽ҪܵҲŭˣɱѳǻѩҲûôֹ
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үүǿ֪ߵݣ̾Ϣһҡҡͷ
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üʣϣ֪ݣ
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һæϣ˵ʲô˵ǻϣ
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׵ͷӦôˡ
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ףš
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ѵͰװˣǲĵؽеǿΪѽҪΪ˾ߣƾĹ˭ס
ĬȻʱοΪ˶ˣĽذһƣһ˵
һûÿһ̫඼߲ɲ⣬˾һγɵ֮ʯҲɷˡ
ֵܼͻطͦһѾ漣ˣӾʦǧôܻصȥ
ܣ̾˿һºʮ꣬Ŀһ
ǵУҪȥ˵һô죡
˵кãѲɵð֮踣ԣ̾˿Ȼҡͷ
׵үүȨûգֻԹʱ˲ããԩ


˻˶ĬȻԶԣҲ޲Уίʵ̫ԩˣŪŪȥǴˮĵһ־ΪҪһԩ
ǵĶסˣһؿڣ棬ôҲȥŪ
УǻϣҲôǺй󣬺۾ȵҪ𣡡
ٺﶼҪһǻ񲻰׷һģһæ
Ц
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ңѩﱾıߵľŮӣһ㣬ϵ˳˻ϣûϵġ
ᣬΪ񣬽ǰ;޿ϾֻɽҰ򣬲ˣ޷ȡ
ѩﾹȻʵ˼ʹ˵ˣҲЩ̫š
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ֱӳǰʱѾҹûǰ㱻סˣʹǹɣݷͬСɣϾţȥҲֻܵȵС
ε̾˿ת˷һҹ˯ţ˵ڶ峿㲣ͷְ˼֡
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652 ඥ
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ĽЦ򣺡±£Ϊʦܲһ㣬ҲǴˣҸ˼ˣӣͻʦ
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ĽСͤŮ÷һϮѩףһ˫̣룬Լ
һϮѩ䣬˫ȴ
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糺һĽһۣ÷Ц̧̧֣ô񡣡
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ʦǺ޸ʦĸǷ绪
ĽЦߣȥ˵
÷ǲ֪ĽϢʦ̫ţֻ֪ûˡ
÷˼棬ֲֻŨŨĻϲ˵Ļ
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λڶǾڣ˶֮һνȻÿ궼Ҫһµڡ
ѡӼΪϿҪᶨǿǣгԿ͵ľûЩš
һ峿ַǳÿһεĽѡҪŵ˶ɲμӣʮ嵽ʮ֮䣬Ĳܲμӡ
ǰμӵԲ٣ﲻʹǱַǳ
ǵľ˵ѵõʱڣʱ䣬㹻׬һƱһĻˡ
λĴɽУбԺԺλڳ룬һƬĴլۡԱһ䳡ǧˣʱѾվˡ
䳡һ̨Ҳվ̨վһٶ꣬ɫĶһ˿
ǸˣеΣݶΣ·һֻԱ¶͸źϷ·̲ſ񱩵һ˺κˡ
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ĿΧһٶˣһһԲĿţĿӵģҪĿš
ЩǴĲʮ˾ţСĲʮ˵ѪգȴϾᣬɭĿһӣܲסʹǿԳţҲƬ̣Ȼһ飬תˡ
Ƕϵλˣ磬˽ŵִ³ϣרŸѡӣųһ˫ۡ
ڽλ᲻ʮΪִ³ϣŵĳϽʮλѣ磬λʮ̣Ϊ
ӽĵӱΪʮ֮һÿһ˶һ棬ڵǾ
ʮ֮ϣ漣Ϊ
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νǽŵţʮ֮һΪִ£ѡӣΪѡ׳ţνش

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ĿסˣһеģòƽƽĿ⣬Ŀڿнס˴˲ˡ
ԼʮӣתĿ⿴Զ£ƲƲ졣
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˵һףһƽ˫һɨ⻮̶ȣ׼ȡɣ
æһֽһһһˣʱһţ¶ף¶ף
Ȼһ߷һˣͶȡĪҽţҽ书ûȡ֮Ψпһ;
һɵ̨£վסӢ𪣬ʱѾǺţûˣһرȺʧ
ΧǷȻЦҡͷѣ糤ϿĿ磬ƤˣȡЦ֮
˲ˣɣֻʵʵվãƽܿ;˫ȷۣҧ˫ȣ̲סҪվ
뵽ţΪŵĵӣͿºߣ˭Ҳ£۸ֻԼ۸ˣûб۸ԼķݶԶĶҧгݣҪȥ
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Ⱥ߶һûи͵ģʵʵƽҡҡλΣǺ˾ƣۿϾҪɢܣȴƾһɺݾǿŲ
ĵͷߣͣ޼ߡ

ʱ޼Ȼͬɽ˰ҶҲҧгݡ
ϢȣһҲûʹվһʯϣȵ
üȻһ̽׽ס޼ɵ޼üһ£ֱץ͡
罣üһ˽һڣתһȦҡҡͷַˣ޼ɼۣ书
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ʲô򣿡ɫһ
޼ɵҲ֪СʱҾȹһϺУʱ˵Ǹӣû˿ϧͽһ񹦣ÿ糿һ顣

޼ɿΧһûţһ㲻ϸǲˣң
һˣ粻ͷĵ
޼ҡҡͷҵĶ񹦣⴫ģ
ٷϻȵˣ½ҽţ
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ǺðɣΪ˽ţǻȥˣ޼ɰ̾εҡҡͷ
˵Żɫһ࣬Ȼ˫ǰţһ
κ˫һƣͣסκȻУ˫ڿͣκѹͣκ
˫Ÿȴ΢΢һ磬ȴվţҡɿ֮С
üͷߵأˣ
޼ɻ³һбһۺߵҵ񹦾ƣ㲻˵
üͷ֮˿û֮񣬡顱Ȼһ죬תͷȥһ굹ڵϣǺ˫ּ˫ȡ

һ絽ǰһϣ˳ȥȵ䵽̨ϣʱһ˫һûˣֱת˫ȲˣΪ
㲻ܽţȥɣڰ֣һ޼ǰ֣ɫ˫ŵ˵棬
޼ͣκٴ˫ƣһĺΣȻŤͷ磺ǵһڣһʮڣҲǶ񹦣⴫ģ
񹦿û粻мЦ
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ôа
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ðɺðɣأܰʮʯĥ
б޼ɣһŵ顣
޼ǺߵĶ磬ιתһԾ顱һ죬ǲ˲
̨һɸߣһҪߵĽߣһȴһûУֻǵ˸ͷ
ƨɣȺȵãã
ȺʱǰĶᣬǲľżһˣ赲סǰ
Ƿ׷׺ǼŮˣʲôԼŮˣ޼ɲҴ޼ɵ
޼ɺ˳ȺƬ̺ȺԶóһͨ·
޼һ־һʯʨӣȵɫݵ˹ǿȻŵҪҪһᣬҵԼϣ׼ҳ
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飡һ죬˲ʱ̨ϵǵһƬ׷׺
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С֮ĶȾ֮ڰ֣УҴӦ㣡
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ͣȣ޼ȵأɫ԰ף˫ɢңǰİ֡
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޼ɴԱ̨ӣģ¶мЦݣһȻбǡ
鼫ᣬҲб޲ǰһ٣޼ȴη֮⣬ԽĲм
һԿðҡͷ⻹ǸСӣҪúõḥ̂ҪȻǿϧ
һƽ֣ؾʲôֻҪ˫ֱγһһΣűⵣ
ʮܲסǲϸ񣬲ܽš
ЩʣʮˣЩ˴￪ʼȥ˭ֵܼţܳΪŵӡ
˸һȥҪ˭ܵţܴﵽĿ˶ѡ
λڽɽϣɽͭһ㣬ƶָͣƣҪȥڵ죬ûмֱ¸ϲȥ
޼˺ͷ˳ǣȻʮ·ɽַʮһͭӰɽ£ͷȥסɽ
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ܲȥб
޼ɺߵСһʲôҵģ

޼ɴɽ϶ȥܿǰͷԱ߸ţһԲ
ͨɽϵ·ʯ̺ˣܲĸˣխ߻֣ǹʯ
ľִָߣеı߱ˣֻ߱ʣһȴԼǿţð֦
ЩΧʪ͸һµζ
޼ɴǵߣ˿ûƣ֮Уһһʱ˰ɽЩˣͣһ
ôͲˣҪЪһЪб͸ӣɫ糣Ϣƽ˿ûеɽ̬֮
һ·ϼΪͣеĵطֱģҪֽŲãΪգһСܹȥ
ﵽǹʯ֣ʹ¹Ҳɽ£౻ʯͷסˣͷѪѡ
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¶һ˿Ц⣬漴ʧ޼ߣʱ䳰ȷ˵ֻԹߵ̫Լʱ䡣
޼ҧأһԲֻͷǱһס졣
ͲͣԹȻͬǱһˣ߶߶ֻͣӿ
޼ֱȴûзûˣ˵ϻҪ˵ˡ
һڵɽԶԶ㿴һƷţдšš֣ҶֱΧƵ
ڵ޼ֱЦ
¾װȻԾŭȵʲôڴ
޼磬æڳϣ
ţ°ɣ俴һˣ˴˸æ˺Աߵʯ

˲ʯΪһСӣȴǰʯڿգһӼӣǡõסݵľ硣
Ѿ棬ס۹⣬ֻԾ紵¶Ҳ˼֣Щɭ䣬Եķܴͷ˺󣬼ʹŵ壬Ҳ÷ţʯ档
˼磬޼ɺٺЦ˵ڳϣһֱ˭ǷǮƵģ
죡һɨһߵĵӡ
޼ƲƲ죬˱̫ϽҸطѹҵû
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ʲôأ޼æҿɢ˵ģ̫ϵĹزס
زùأʲôûĺߵѧŵĹ򣬾͵ؽŵĹأûּۻ۵أ
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תԱµӵɽû˵ģˣĪ
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ƮɽӯһĨ磬޼֮̾ɫһ߿һҡͷ
ÿˣҪúùܿҲ㣡
ģ޼˷ܵĵ
ٷϻϽȥûĵһۣתȥ
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˺ܿɽţȻֱһһӥţۻ룬Ȼ𾴡
޼ɾֱ˴м̫ʦ˵׷̧
ж߻Цʦܣѡõˣ
Ŀߴ󣬼ʹ̫ʦҲ͸ƣ˫нʵʣѹʵʡ
˪üѩɫ͸һ˿ɫȾһۣͭ΢Цȴɽѹ
ʦֻ֣ʣһˡ籧ȭ޼һţ°ݼţ
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Ÿ΢Ц޼ɣСһʿ书
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æһ׽͹ǵǵСȭͬ򾫴ѵá
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ͷСȭҪǴСʼʮ꣬ȷʵǧѵѵãԵ
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ߴЦҲЦЦ硣
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һ΢ֵЦеĵʦܣ㳣˵Լѧʶ΢ǳΪʦ
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պЦʦܣҪúõḶ̌Īû˲ţǻָСһء
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޼ЦеĿˣ˿ûо֮⡣
籧ȭһȻĽ˴ԱһԺӡ
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Ժӡָָһþ߶ˣ㻹Ҫʲôȥҷ𸣣Ҫзʦ֡
ţͦõģҵԺӺö޼ɵͷĵʲô书
ھѧʡ
޼æͷǣҾѧ书ģԽ书Խ죬ҪϽѧҪȻѹ棬粻ѧأ
ţǲѹˣ粻ѧĵͷ˵Ҫݹʦţʽʽ֮ܿʼ书Ҿһأھʹ㹦򣡡
޼ɴϲлڳϣ
ڱڳˣʦ
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˵գһ½䣬Ȼ󻺲һȭɾ䣬ݣ͸һŴݡ
ƺתͷ޼ɣΣѧ𣿡
޼ɻӻ֣ʾԼüͷһͷˣ
˵Ҳһһʮʽð˾ŲʮȻЩ׾ȴȫסˡ
ͷͽܲǸġ

޼һ飬һЩһһ𿪽⣬еĹһһ͸һʱ޼Ѿȫѧᡣ
Сȭǽȭһ˲ӣȴ֪ȭ׽͹ǣԶʤһȭ
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ˣɡڰ֣ʲôʱҡ
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Сȭؿ죬ԽԽãеζҪԼᣬÿҪһʱ䣬̫ҲҵС
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ڰ֣ˣʲô⣬ȥҰɣһǱأԼŰɡ
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һ̤ˡĽҡͷ̾Ϣ
޼ɣ붫ɢȥΪ˽ţŵڹ֮ء
չ˰깦һԣľˮ𣬶ˣΨнɡ
һأľˮιѪ֮ޱȣ⼫Ψȱ˽ԡ
Դòʱ裬ζûš

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ɾ貢ǿ±͵ѧ书룬ܿ˹ϣҡͷЦ
ǴǰĽɻ󣬾ʲôأڽϹһˣûоģη塣
ֵĸɣԽǾԽǿᣬԽǾԽɲ˱书ݵ£书ͱɵ书ˡ
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Ľӭȥȭ޼ɣ֪ʦǡ
ǰվһλٷĿ꣬һ׻ĽæЦʦܣ·𸣣Ƿڳ֮ġ
Ľ˫ֽӹˣЦԭǷʦ֣ʦֳԾƣ
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ʦǺøֱӰݽڳ£ϲʦˣ¶Ľɫ
ûʲôĽֵİڰ֡
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̾ȻãܱȲõָãҲ˵λһΪմӣҪγ֮λģʦʦ֣ǳϵĵմӡ
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𸣵ͷʦ㣬ǽ⣬ڳϰ֮ڳϵλӣΪʮϡ
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𸣵ǽſ֮һȻǽңÿλ϶Ϊ񣬰£
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𸣵ʦҲܴˣڳϣһŭ֮»ʦŵģ߷ʲôҲҪǽģǽŵĹؼϣҪСĲźá
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Ľ˻֮СԺһ³ֱ֮ˣЩϷˣ°Цѡ
Сȭȷʵ׽͹֮Ч䲻ղ񹦣ȴҲһѵõľѧ
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縺ں󣬴޼ɣ˶ã
Ľͣ滺ͣ󷽶ĵСȭ֮Ȼѣû뵽ز
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Ľġšһ˵˫ȭͷͬһ㣬ȥ硣
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ʲô緹Ľ˻ͣ£Ťͷ緹
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ĽͷȻĵ˭緹İҶһٷġ
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˵ŻӣСȭҲǣ̫׶ˣҵ񹦣ģ
һֱôãۣ
ĽĵʲôһֱôѽСȭŻۡ
¶һ˿Цݣǰһֱô
ĽͷǰҪһģҪȻ񫣬粻أô𣿡
ţûʲôԡ
ĽЦеĵС
Ŷ絭һЦҡҡͷܰɡ
Ľʱ󼱣еԿ
˵һȭ˳ؿڣһ顱һ죬Ľ˺һЦеĶ

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뿪Ľ뿪СԺȥһ䳡ԼֱԲ
ʱнŻɫװĽϵһģӣߺס
Ϧ֮£Ƕվ磬͸䳡ַǳ
ĽһһߴţҡҡͷĶСȭţһĿ죬࣬Ỻ㡣
ʦܣ𸣴ȺЦĵʦôѽ
һ󺹣ͷðŰϦϺͨͨģӢ˲
Ľҡҡͷʦ֣Ƕģ
Цȥŵʦǡ
ǵСȭ˭ģĽʡ
ʦ֡𸣵
ĽüСȭɲôģһζĸͣҿﶼ̫Ӳˣ̫ԡ
Цʦô̴ģȻôʦʲô߼ָһ¡

ĽǺЦҲǽѧģô̴
ʦͽǴڳѧģڳϿǽŵŰ˵Сȭжصĸءеĵ
תͷλλλʦܣλڳϵĵմӣһСȭòã
˶ʱͣ׷߹ת۹ĽΧ˵УĶĽ
ʦ֣λǡһŨü۵ʵ
𸣴λ޼ʦܣڳϵĵմӣ
һģʧһڳϵĵմӣʱһ˫۾Ź⡣
𸣵ʦܽţѧСȭʦһΣ
תĽЦʦܣ͸һ鿴ɡ
Ľüͷԭ𸣻кøУȴû뵽ȻôɣⲻǽԼľ
ɫʦ֣˭˵Ҫģ
һû뵽Ľ˵ͱæЦʦܺαؿѵڳܸ￴
ĽߵǵûС
ʦܲ￴𸣵
ĽͲôɣʦдһ£ɵûʲôã
Цʦܣⲻðɡ
Ľߵٷϻ˵ҲҰɣҿֻһ죬ʦ˼ˣ
ˡЦ
Ľ֣ã˵۸㣬ǾͱȻһ¡
Сȭ˽£ȭЦҡͷǱȻ۸ˡ
Ľö˵Ը⣬ҲԹˣ
ãЦЦȻʦҲˣǾͱȻȻ
һ˷뿴ڳϵĵմʲô£ڳǽŵĴţ۹Ҳߵúܣܵڳϵɲס

Ľ֣գ
ȭ˵ſһȴ飬ֱһȭͻɽ
ĽȴٳõСȭȴʹòλᲢõζûʹûеľ衣
û侫裬ҲӲСȭڿ˵Уʣ׽͹ǣġ
꣬Сȭʮڻ£ȴûãΪޡ
ĽҲȭһãײ˷𸣵ȭͷȭײ𸣶ʱһģĲ
Ľһȭģ𸣶ʱ䵽һɿ⣬顱һء
ʦ֣Ǿȥѷ
ɫǺţȴã˱˲ţվֻԼˡ
Ľȭʦ֣ˡ
ҡͷЦû뵽ʦֲñڳϿУҲҲ
Ľұ㲻ʲô
ʦܣõСȭɣǰ˵Ũüʡ
Ľͷֻһȭ
ȭҡҡͷ
ĽЦЦɫȻɨһۣ˭дģдһ¡
Ũü۵
Ľͷãϻ˵붯ֱֵǣ
˵հںüʽŨüһȭĽ˺һȻһȭڵСȭ
˶УĽһȭɡ
һ򣬷𸣲Żָ糣ܹԼƿԼʦܣҡͷһг촸
Ľе˭ɣ
һ˳ĽУֱˣȻ˲ֱɡ
һյĹĽѾʮꡣ

ǿ˳ﶼǶ֣죬ȭʹŶСȭʹƫƫÿһжǡôԼɲɡ
ĸĽŵĽе
ҡͷЦԭĽЩģĽмּʣɵģҪ׽Ūһ
û뵽ⷴȫʹڴǰƾŸѧһСȭܰѴﶼ򵹣ݶѧԣһܱȵϡ
ֲڳôߵ۹⣬ѡմӣڳϿ˵۹Ȼ׼ȷ
ʦܣȷʵǲ簡Ĵָ̾궼
ĽЦЦǶˣСȭɲһζĸͣʹٴʲôã
ðʦܣָһΣæ
ͷǰ˵ָ㣬˲ѧһˣôһıȣ
ǰһĻȴúøһѵȷʵŵģǰŵļһһ
ţŵʸ˿ҲپۣĵĶܴڼС
ĽͷðɣôȥһҲûãҸǽһգ
˵ձ㿪ʼʽһһʽ
ǳÿһʽľ˳ѧʶȻһС
һ꣬ʱ⣬ʱඥȻ򣬾ǳСȭ͵һء
Сȭһʮʽһһ𿪽ʱͽˣȻپһ
æòֺҲԸָ㣬üϰнСȭž
̾ʦܣȻţ
ĽڰЦ٣ȭ򵥵úܣûʲô˵ġ
𸣿˿Цʦü򵥣ȴѣǲܱȰ
ĽЦеĵʦֻҪұ𣿡
æҡͷȲʦĶ֣
ʲôˣȻһʵĺһ껺üţĽ
ʦ֡æ


660 ʦ
Ӣڰֱֱ֣Ľ˫罣ʲôˣ
ĽָָԼң
ԽϲĽںŭߵŵĵӰգ
Ľ޼Ҳ
֣Դ´һۻ꣺ʲôˣ

ĽͷŶԭʦ֣֪ʦʲô£
üĵҪµſޣ书ô£
æʦ֣λʦڳϵĵմӡ
ڳϵĵմӣһĽ³çģʵڲʲô
ҡҡͷڳĿ磬ôôһһѵҪˣ
ĽĪķУΪڳϵĵմӶɫʲô
Ľüͷһֵĵλʦд书أ
ھ͸д书¶һ˿Цֿԣʲô书ҲûǶһСȭˣ
˶¶ɫеתͷ𴦣е棬еڨڨЦеӡ
ĿΣ죬üдˣʦܣ
εЦЦͷǣд˼
ǲ˼һСȭʦܸոţӦдʵ۸ˣҪǣ۸ˣԷ۸ˣεĪڴˡ
￡һǽŵĵӵϢˣʲôʱô۸ˣѧ书۸һˣҲͣ
εЦЦ֪˵ãҲͷ˵
ĽЦҡͷ˵ʦ֣ǿû۸ˣԩǣ
ţ۸һŵģô۸ˣʦܣ㲻µǣ
ɫԽĹŹ֣µǣ⻰ǿЦ

εĿЦʦ֣ǰˡ
šǵͷ漴һ㶣ŵ𸣡
𸣵ͷʦд裬ʦ书ǲǶ֣ǲ
ʦܣǴͶʦʡ
ĽʲôͶʦ
ǰ书ʣȴͣһһǸͷ࣬ҲӣʲôҲġ
Ľ룬ǰѧһ񹦣ﲻˣѧ˵Ĺġ
ֲáͷ
𸣵ʦ֣õСȭ
ŶֺĽѧСȭԵУ
ĽȻѧˣҪȻҿɲܣǺ棬ȤȤСȭû뵽ôã
ǰѧĵʲô书ʡ
ĽԴ֣صĵɲܸ㣬Ҷ񹦣⴫ģ
ˣĽļвˣһðɺðɣղʲô
ָĽȻĵ
Цǳŵģָ
Ľʲô֮вǽΪʦҿòԾʵڿۣôȥϹѹ򣬾һҲʲô
Ŷ￡˫Żһ㣺òԣ
ǵȻĽͷҡҡͷҲ֪˭̵ǣСȭôþôþǲǴˣǴԼǸԼϾӵܰ
ɫһ䣬˿Ľʦ֪ȭʦ֣ȴƫƫװ֪ȻǴˡ
һžʦ֣ʦܻ³çģ
룬ҡͷʦͱ˵ŭʦأԵʦֵǵ죡

ǵСȭҽ̵ģ
Ľĵɴ۾ʦ̵ĴСȭ
ͷЦĽһۿĽЩţȻ֪Ϣ
ˣǾǳ¶ˣôĵӣ
ﲪȻŭɫȴûʲô仯ſ俴
Ľҡͷѽ
ʲôʡ
Ľ˵ʦ̴СȭӦöȭǣȴƫƫôѵʦ׾
ʲô׾ɫһ䣬˫ŻɫȴԽ䣺ʦС˵ĪҪ˵˵
ĽҡҡͷֵĿСȭҪ˵ʦȴƫƫû˵ѵ´ﶼѧˣùʦ㣬ԲҴ
⻰һڣΧʱһ࣬Ƿ׷װĿͶϣ˵ҲĽ˵
Цһɺԣ
Ľҡҡͷĵôһɺˣѵʦ㲻֪Сȭǲ׾ģ
СȭҪᣬûиᣬֱָ˵ᾢ˭ף
ҲҪ˵ѽĽҡҡͷǲĵҲ˵ֱ;ôȥԼ˵ģʦ˵һ׾Ѫ˷
ߣԼ̸ףﲻΪȻĵվᾢѭ򽥽СȭҵĶشֲ֮ʦָֻš
Ľҡͷô˵Ҫڷˣָ
ﲻͷʦܣȻͨСȭдһΣ
ĽЦðʦŶˣ
ʮ꣡
Ľʣۣʮˣ㶼ʲô򣿡
ü¹ʲôֻСȭ㣬ҵҪʦСȭǲʸڵӡ

Ľ̹ȻЦðҲʶһʦֵ롪
룡ǰһһ¶ѥӣѻԲӺݡ
ĽһϮɫ̴򣬺һȭ˳ȥ۱˳ƶΪҲõСȭ
˶ʱȭһţչ󷽣赸˶̫죬ȴܿ죬һһʽ۽⣬Ŀ
Ǵû뵽ԼСȭȻôʹô۲ʶ̩ɽر֪
ǼȾ˷ܣ־ɴ˫ۣ޲ðĽ书Լģ϶ֵıԼ
ʹü磬ת۹Ѿ˰Уѷѽ⣬ﰵѡ
û뵽һŵʦܣôѲȭͷײ֮ʣԼȻ˿ûб˿ռ
˵õСȭȴǴʽȡʤ
ǰʮУŹأֻʽʤˣ˺ʮУûȡʤĻᣬʽûϣǰʽԽԽ죬ԽԽǿ˿ȴֲ˵ʲô
Сհ귨ʽֻҪҩˣʽ죬Ҳǿʻǿ׳
ʹҲСȭģҲܶ˵ʲô
ʹȡɣʤĽʽ죬ĽʽҲȴѹĽ
ĿУȻһУһȭǻ˲ײĽؿڡ
顱һ죬Ľ˳ȥ䵽⣬ڵϷ˸ͷĽѸٵһԾŭȵʲôȭ
ﻺƣջȭͷ󣬰ǰˣ˷ĨƽƣͷСȭȷʵˡ
ȵȣղеʲôȭĽæһ̧֣ʡ
ȭ
ȭĽͷ漴ЦȻǿ󣬺úãҪѧȭ
תߣ˷ǣǶȥ

ĿɿڴĽСǶȥιתͷ˴˶ҡͷʧЦ
޼ʦܻӶأһһͻأ֣˿˼˵Ŀܡ
ҡҡͷҲû뵽ĽֱˣûйԼȡɣʤ֮䣬Ҳûвķųݻ
ʦܶ˵ĿǺģʤҲûʲôִţһΨ书Ϊǿ书˲ˡ
ڳȷʵĿ磬㴿书ˣȷʵѵãû׵Ĺ֮ܹרע书
뵽Щҡҡͷ̾ϢһӴ˽ûаˣ
ʦ֡𸣴չڨڨЦ
ҡͷ㲻ض˵Сȭȷʵѵо裬ǵģҽҲҪǣʡһࡣ
æȭлʦֿʦ¹ϰУȷʵм汾£
ظҴñӣڰ֣ǸϽģ͵һ꣬üһˣ봫һķš
ǣлʦ֡æͷϽ͵ˣҲʦ㣡
˺ȻӦȻԿʼ
︺תһȦͷ뿪䳡
Ľ뿪䳡ԼСԺղһȭȷʵ̥СȭУʤһ
ǾСȭԼòңûзǽ
Ϧ£̫һߣµø죬ûһѾĺɫ谵
ûеһһĦÿһÿһʽĦϸ΢еľϡ
һСȭһ㣬Ȼ򵥣ȴǽʮˣȷʵ

֨ԺƿĽͣأ𣿡
Ľͣۡ
絽˽ǰЦһ˵С޶ˣ
Ľͷţʦְɣ
С޿Сһе̳һͰˣǲţķ̡
ĽƲƲ죺ѧģѧ˵ģ
ӴȣôĿİƣʽͷӹǵǽʵ
ĽȻͷͣ˶ظǵȻҾһҲû⣡ԽԽζůڵģɹ̫һ
ţͷ°ԳԾ
ů֮ףһܰСȭأԹû˵ͽܻǸš
뵽ʣ¶ЦݣҲ̫ͣշȥԷɣ
˵һ׽ȭǲǣĽĨһͷϵĺˮ
ͷţСȭ֮ǽȭдȭٺǽսôѧȭˣ
ĽеĶǣҾСȭѾûʲôˣȭ󣬾ͽҰɣ
ҡͷɣȻ̿࣬Ҳ죬Сȭ׽͹ǵģʱ̫ûʲôЧͣͽҲá
Ľҽÿ컨ϰСȭʱȭô
šü
ĽһŶæұ֤ȱʱ̣ȭڣĥĥ䣬಻ԸһһûУҿɲһһ죬һ컹ãǲǣ
š⵹Ҳǡͷ
Ľϲʦ촫ҽȭɣȥʦֺúñȻȻܲˣߣ
ԭΪ˱𣡡üͷ
ĽȻҪ̫ˣ˵ֻСȭ򲻹˽ȭʵڲզأ

ҡͷʧЦ㻹ǳ𣡡
Ľг𲻱ǺúһҪģ
ǿС޵˴ȭҪսˣ˽ȭҲ򲻹ġҡͷЦ
Ľߵȭһ򲻹ȭ
ҡҡͷǿˣȭȭǲһЩΪ˴Ϊһ壬ȭһЩ
ǺãҾýȭĴȭĽȻߵ
Ц־СۣðɣҾͽȭҪһ£׼Сд裡
Ľæʡʡãһһµģ
߰ɣȥԷ书ǿҲܲԷ˳ԷҪգ
ĽȵȣȽҽȭȥԷɣ
۾һɣСӣôߣϽˣ
ĽٺЦѧȭҳԷҲ㡣
ҿɲӣ㲻ԷҾͲˣ۾ߵ
Ľ޿κεĵͷðɺðɣǾͳԷʦ롪
˵Źǰһ֣֮ɫ
翴㱹ģҡͷЦЦǳԺţĽ
ɽߣһ·ϲʱĽŵǣһһִ񼫹ų羴Ŀ⡣
ĽЦʦѽ
絭һЦɰɡ
ĽЦеĵ˵ʦǽŵһţĳϣǲģ
ţͷ
ĽЦʦѧ书ܿ𣿡
ͷΪʦЩݣʲô书һѧᣬһѧ㾫ʲô汾£˰ˡ
ĽװȻ״ô
ûĵƭϽ߼
˵żӿ첽ӣٶȴĽæСŸϣੲݵĵʦʲô书һѧͻ᣿ҵҲѧ˰ɣ
Ťͷбʲôƨ񹦣Сȭ࣬Ҳѧأʲôƨ񹦣
ĽԴҡͷǺðɣͲᡣ

϶Уܿ쵽һ¥һ¥ǸĴӣӴſһֱڵͷٻӡ
ٻӸĬͷԷ˸ÿһľͰŴӣͣĴ
£߻ҪֻҪ֣ǱȥʲôʲôҪٱ١
Ľɨһۣ˸ľͰһһ׷ǲˣأΪʢ
Ľſţˮ˳ȥһ죬Ťͷһۣ˫۷Ź⣬ֻװ˵ľͰ
߰գȥԣ
Ľæתͷ԰գͦõİ
ߵСӣãҲɵ㣡
ĽæиõģҿǺþûţ⣬ǲɷҲ
˵һĭĲࡣ
Ϸǿ֮ţȫԭԼĻΪ޼ɡ
ȥıԲ£ٲ¥
ĽಽĸϣһЦٺ٣ʦҿǸǺһܳͷܳʮ
ðܳԶ٣粻ĵ
˺ܿ¥棬һĿռ䣬һһŵİ̫߰ʦΣǽ黭ľţȻͬ
ʱڳԷ磬֣ʦܣһɣ
ͷǽǰתĽʦʦ
Ľæȭ޼ɣʦʦλԲԱ𣿡
òãǲףһθߴ࣬ӷ¡˫üëͷȾһ˪ȴʧ˫ۿ۾â˸вŭ֮ơ
һ񳿡ţ˫ۺڰ׷ƮƮᣬǲʮ꣬΢Цȴ͸

Ǻǡ߸׳ЦĽʦܣλյĸͽ
ʦ֣СǸ㶻պʦֶָ㡣¶һ˿Ц⡣
߸״ЦָʦܰʦܣǴ˵ģΪҲ˵⻰Ϸҿǲ׻һذ
¶һ˿Ц⣺ʦּЦˡ
һҡͷЦȷʵǸʡĵģ˵ˣ˰ɣ
ѧһСȭȥС޶֣ǳɵŰһˣ˭ôɣҡͷûĽһۡ
ĽͷǺЦʦҲԹңָأʦֺȻȳңҿܲǾʹ
ѧһ죬ȥָˣЩʦ֣СҲ߯ˣˣ˵ɣ³Էڰ֣һͷӺȵ
Ľε£֮ʣЦЦ
߼״֪Ǹˣÿ֣û뵽ʦ۹ôߣȥôһɵСӡ
ߺǺЦЦҡͷҲǣʦһʶһȥҪú÷
СʦֵĶӡ
Ľʱһ´۷ߣͷֲҾʦأԭʦֺ񣡡
Ҫǲ鷳ඡ߹Ц
ĽٺЦǣȷʵ񣡡
ҡҡͷڰûĵȥɣȥǱԼˣʲô㣬㲻׼˷ѣٳԶ٣
ĽʱһСŵߵĹ̨ǰĲþľ¥һ㣬̨һԲӣֺһЦеģһƵģ
СʦԵʲô㡣Ц

һʱԳԲԲģ͸һϲ
Ļ̌ͷǽŵһдһˣĽһһÿ˵ľԭϣȻ͵˰˵ˡ
ԲҲ˵һһˣЦԵƬ̣Ͼ
Ľͷתֻص£ЦʦǷʢأǺá
˵бһۣĽʱֱˣΣһԲ
ЦеĴЦ˵ССȭѾţʦȷʵ۹⣬úĥǽŵĶ
ҡͷ̾ѧǺõģӣͷۣʲôҲͷһ͵СޣҪ
߸׺ǺЦˣʦ㣬Ⱦʣ书߱Ͼ¥ҿСҲûʲôá
ҡͷֱ̾Ӵ֣ʹһ书һԴ
ʦĽ죬ֱ˻ȥ
ʦ֣ҽһɡ
ߺǺЦһз֮ܽʲô书ʮ˵пû˱ȵ㡣
ҽ̽ʡ
߸ЦЦĽκͷҲգʦӲˣȻڣܾܾ
лʦ֣ϲȭһ
æڰ֣˲ˣ书͸£ϰġ
תͷСʶ֣
ĽæͷȻʶʶôѧ书
ǾͺáߵͷǱʡ鷳ÿҸ㽲һЩ
һҪšĽҡͷСȭȭûй¡
ǰһƣ죡
ĽæһԴȴûܱܹ죬εĵͷðɺðɣ¾£ȭ

ߺǺЦܵʦ̵ܽǸиġ
ҡͷɽ׸ƣӴçֱôҲĲ˵ģֻܶ೤һЩʶٳЩˡ
ߵλʦ̣ܵСǸ
絭Цһ£С޲Ҳʦֵ
ҡͷЦǲĳСӡ
ЦţȴĽԺȻĳɾͼġ
˵һͨлĽΣһԲһֱֱֻŶĳ򣬱ӲʱĶһ
һʮĵһüʮĵ˶Ǵʢţ֮ˣһ˴
ʮĵ˶İڵϣӣÿһ̶ɫζȫĽֱ̿ˮ۰Ͱ͵Ŀ磺ʦǿ԰ɣ
˶٣
˵Ľæ
Եꣿüߵ
ĽæͷԵԵ꣡
תͷˣʦ֣ʦ֣ǿ԰ɣ
áЦŵͷ磬ʼ
ǳ඼ţƣ̻ʣĽԵ˿ѷǣһ˽ʮĵ˳Եһɶ
ĽԼĶӣѾŵԲ´αô࣬ʳͣ塣
ĽٺЦ̫óˣһ¾ͳԶ»Ҫ߸˾͹ˡ
㻹ܳأҡͷ
˵Żߣ߸ں棬ڴ֣ʦͽ˻ĽСԺ
Ľſ߹һգһֻѾˣ߲·գֲԳƲм֮ˡ
Ľ̾ϧλʦкøУһ֪Ǹǻ۹֮ܿ͸һ㡣

ڻ·ϣĽ˵˵ϸΡ
棬ʮ֮һڽ£ǹ룬µĹŵһܼ
ĸףȴǰһλϷ͵£Ǽ֮ܳΪڷӡ
һλ֪ƣսʱˣëһ书˴Ĳ书ǻۡ
ʮ֮ǻ۵һνǽŵǶǣСָܳ㣬Ҫúϧ
ĽһһͷЦҶıֿɲȤûʹ죡
ҡҡͷֻ䣬ıԣһˣ˺Ҳ֪ôģ򲻿ӣ
ĽΪѵĵͷǴӦ
֪ͽȻŵӦȴѧá
ӽ֣Ǹ鷳⻹ǽȥհɡ
ٶ룬ʼĽȭ
ȭСȭĻϣΪʮʽȭʮʽڽսȴһʽ
Ľչ˾˵ݣȻ֪ݾˣʲô书һѧᣬһ㾫Ҳع׾ˡ


661 
翴ѧ죬ʮʽȭһϱѧˣ̾ȴţûʲô顣
һȭĽתͷЦʦΣ
ƤëԶ絭
ʱĽСԺԺһСͤ˰յСͤյ磬λСͤߣͤǵĵҲϡ
ĽЦǺǵĵȭСȭȷʵһЩҲ󣬲
Ҳ֪ȭ
Ľҽʦִһа׺羭ʤң
Ȼһ£һȭȷʵֿ죬ǹأϧҵ㣡
˵ҡҡͷȴȡɲãȭؼıûۿۡ
ǽŵ书ؼĲʽʤɣƴʽľͷ
Ľô
룬СȭУڹķˣǵڹķԶʤָɡ
Ľʦ˵˵ǽŶʲô书
Ҳãϸϸ˵һ˵̰Ĳ㡣
Сͤ£Ľæ֪ȤİѲյ˵ǰϧյѾˣյ˺һ
ĽһҪȥһյȴֹסָһ㣬ʱյð˿˿ƵİƮڱǰСͤ
Ľɴ۾״ʦ⡭ˮѾˣ
Сˡ
ĽյյǶ˵ߣҪȴͣߣٺЦһ£һЩʯϣȻ
Ȼ̵ģʦ񹦾ţĽ̾
һۣһ˵ʲô񹦣߯ˣһ֪˽ģ
ĽԴٺЦʦô֪Ҿϲģÿ첻ȥһͻ˵ÿܰ˵ˣһ
죬벻˵üߵ
ĽϰѲյ£ĵʦ뽲

ĵͷһյһڣȻ˹ķ£˵ǽŵ书󾫲࣬ù
ĽæͷСȭȭȭսʲô书ˣн¡
ͷ㻹ģСȭȭȭȭսʵƷǽŲбУͽֹ
Ľü񲻳Կо仰ô˵ţһһգûУ̫Կˣ
ҡҡͷıо˫֣Ȼܱȵ˫֣
ĽɶѽѪ֮ôֵסȭƷ˼һնֻ̫ܶԿ̫Կ
ûĵ죬ʲôҲģٺֲ죬ұ㲻˵ˣԼ˵գ
Ľεĵͷðɺðɣʦ˵Ҳˣ
һյһڣȻ£ƿڣ˵Ĵˣ˭˵Ѫֲ֮ס
ĽҡͷǵȻҿû˵˭ĵǹ룬޵
֮ܣ絭һߣǽűľѧѧ˿Եǹ룡
ôĽɴ۾֮ɫ
ߣ˽£ǹ룡
£Ľæʡ
һ׻񹦣ˣɵǹ룡
ĽæǰͭһͣܰɣôҲͭһ
絭һЦǵȻ׽·ȴ壬Ϊѣһס
ĽŶһȻԭѽΪѻס壿ɵö
ȻжطţνףһңƥߣҲǽŲ֮أ

Ľæǵѧ𣿡
㡪翴ҡҡͷڲѧ
ĽʱʧæʣΪʲô
ŵ֮һ̶ȣ£߻ħ֮ա
Ľʱһ񣺡ֻҪúֻΪˣգ
ţͷ
Ǻõúܣһ⹦򣬺ٺ٣һ£ʲôµģĽЦ
ȴԾ棬û뵽ķţΪղһ޶Ǻء
滹нռףǸķţȻҪȴǿԷסֵָĵ
Ľæʣǽ²ܷסֵָĵ𣿡
ҡҡͷܷסѰ˵ĵɳϼãȴסֵָĵֵָƿ£ȴƲռף
Ľʧĵǰˣһסָ֣ô֣
ǽռ׵Ź򣬾Сȭȭռ׶Ҫ輫ǽĿǰûܹסֵָĵȴһûУΪǳȶԷö࣬ȻܷסʹԷһͣҲʮȥ߰ˣ˺Сöࡣ
ĽͷǵҲǣܱûкá
ǵڹķˡ
Ľһ񣬵ʲôķ
һķնȶ򾭣һǽջ羭
նȶ򾭡ջ羭ĽţæʵһָҪնȶ򾭣ջ羭
⵹ǣ෴ķֻѡһֵģһ־Ͳһ֡
Ľʦһ֣
նȶ򾭡
Ľնȶ𣿡
룬˶ԣնȶ򾭸ʺϡ

Ľæʾǽſɲɣǽŵ书ǿҪܳɷɡ
ĽЦһŵģü֣صǶϷһλʦ棬꣬ղ֪٣˵ǻùãͷķţѾɽ֪ˣǻû֪
ꣿĽȻ
ıǽնȶ򾭣նȶﵽ𲻻֮פ
Ľĵô𣿡
絭Ѿһʮˣʮ꣬պ֪նȶ򾭵
ǽջ羭أĽʡ
ջ羭ߵ·ģɿɻΪ⣬նȥֱ˰׹ֻأǽ֮Բ
Ľ룺ɽջ羭𣿡
һλʦɹͷ漴ֱ̾˰֮ٻزˣҲ֪ǲǴﵽ˰ˣҴҶӳԸʼջ羭
ĽͷЦ⵹ҲǣԽԽá
Ҫһţ
Ľ룺ջ羭
šһ˫âֱ͸Ľĵףһæʦô
üúõģô羭ѵ䣿
ĽҡҡͷѽһúúõģȻҲܺ棬ױ˰ʲôӵģһõö࣡
˵ߵ
ĽЦеĵʦôģ
˵һλɮڣȻǴʦ
ĽʦȻնȶ򾭲飬ôջ羭ҲģһɵģķҲʵģ˼Ҽ˵˰ãһǺõģţȥأǲǣ
㡭ԾĵҡͷЦ㻹ǡ

ҡͷѣû뵽ͽܵ뷨ǹ֡
ĽĵʦҾˣҾҪջ羭Ҫˣȥ˰ķ⣡
ʵֱóĽۣȻҲնȶ򾭣Ȼ˾ԼĽղЩͬ°빦ֱȴԼӦջ羭
üСӣˣһѡˣ;ٸģջ羭նȶ򾭽Ȼͬǰ̫֮շٻѪתΪ񣬡նȶ֮ת壬ﵽ֮
Ľͷ»Ȼ򣬹ֱֲԼҪջ羭أԭǻ֮
νȻͬȻҵҲһ壬ȴмƣθ㡣
ԷҶԣǸĿģפ˷֮Ǿţջ羭ʤһǾţ˶ȴ֮֮ңԶɲ֪δ
Ľʦ촫ջ羭ɣ
ҡҡͷһСȭ˵Сȭķ°빦ܶ࣬Ҫջ羭
ĽһͣʦȴΣȲ˵ʲôʱٿʼòã
ǰһʵں棬߹һ⣬ȥʵѰ
Ҳ֪ζ룬ðɣѧҲãȺúôĦҪҵָΣգ֪𣿡
ʾΥĽæͷ֪֪ʦİɣҲģ
ԸһˣһӾͱŵ书ˣһнԸˮ
Ľͷǣ׵ġ
㣬ŵðɣҵһȣȥҪջ羭
˵뿪ĽСԺ
ĽĿ뿪վСͤúչһ壬ֳûһСȭСȭת

ʱɫĽСͤĽæȥɫѿæôʦŲķ𣿡
ҡҡͷ̾žٿһ£Ҫ羭ûȶ򾭡
Ľæҡͷɲɣȶʲô˼羭
СӣҲ˵ˣ羭ԽãǽԽûôˣֱӻȥ񲻿ϧ
Ľһ£ǲ٣ȷʵˣһ˻ȥڽ˵ȷʵûʲôô
Ľѵȶ򾭣
ȻЦһ£ӻͳһƵĲӣ㣬ǽջ羭úñ棬ĪҪʧ
Ľһ漴Ȼʦ㾹׽Ūң
ɫʧ¶Ц⣬Ҳķףϧźã
Ľظ
ǧǵòҪŪˣҪ˵ȥķǽŵĺĻܣһй
ǣʦʡõġĽͷ
֣ص㲻֪أ治֪жõǽŵķԺҲҪСģСı˵İ㣬ǵĽնȶг֮Чܲ۲
Ľɫͷǣˣ
κ˶вɵֵջܹν
ܣնȶ棬Ҳһֱ籾еܲǻþһˡ
ղ񹦣ɾ磬ԲĻ۹ɮǽѶȥֻɡ
ðɣúÿʲô׵ģҡѾύĽֱ뿪ˡ
ĽžᣬŽջ羭䱦
ģŶԽջ羭̫ӣ򲻻Լš
ϣԼһѡ޽ջ羭ģȷʵЩ˺쳾òͷˣŻȥջ羭

ڶ峿СȭʱȻŲǡ顱
ĽüͣСȭøᲢãչ󷽣絸ɷۣСȭ
ʱüůڵϢתȭƵı仯һСȭϢתһܣص֮УϢŨһ֡
飡飡죬洫˽ߺȣ޼ʦܣ
Ľĵ޼ɣʲôݵ÷ȭٿţ
˵ŻԾڵ
ȴǺȻ˰ΣĽչߵſԺţʱһȵŮӳ
һϮüĿͦıӣκ촽żȽַһ˿
˫֣˫Ľһգգ޼ɣ
Ľͷ޼ɣ˭
㲻֪˭ŮָָԼͦıӣŵʡ
ĽüվһСѾòųŽԼ
СѾһɫװα͸һɰ
Ҳ֪Ľҡҡͷ
ߣ˵Ůȵ
ĽüҾˣһλ
˵Ů˶ѥȵ
СѾǰһȻţС˽С㣬ѩС㣬֪˰ɣ
Ľͷԭǧ𣬲֪ʲô𣿡
ιСӺòʶѵǾվ˵𣿡СѾָָȻߵ
ĽҡҡͷҲϵǣȻóȻˣʲô¿˵ɣһҪء
㡭㡭СѾָǺ졣

ĽʲôңҪûʲôҪ˵ģҾҪȥˣҸСȭʮԶţ
ѩȻЦָĽЦͣ
ĽüĵЦʲô
СѾҡҡͷƲƲС죺ݣʮСȭҪòʮ鰡
Ľһʮ飡
СѾҡͷѣߵ˵һʮСȭҪһЪ࣬һЪ
ĽͷȻˡ
ٺ٣Ǹ⻰Ҳ˵һǸոѧСȭ֪СѾҡͷѣЦ
ĽüŵģСȭΣ˵ʮʮ飬ѽֵһû£û¸Ͻ߰ɣûг
˵űҪߣȴһסˣ˳һʱСѾ˼
Ӵ㾹ҶִˣСѾһ㵽ĽƮƮһĳ
Ľü絷ȭӭС֡
顱һ죬Ľ˻ΣСѾȴվѩǰβվΡ
Ľߵô£
СѾ˦˦󣬺ȵôţ
ĽüҸгΪ͵Ϯң
˭͵ϮСѾʱգָȵ㣬ȥȻ֣͵Ϯң浹һңһ
úãܳ˰ɣǸϽˣﲻӭǣĽڰֲͷĵתߣȻתҪš
ţѩȻ̤ǰһվżϣסĹš
ĽͣסѩС㣬㻹ʲôԸϽ˵գҪȥ
ѧ书ѩʡ
ĽȻǸʦѧģ
˵ǰѧ˱书ǴͶʦѩߵ

Ľæҡҡͷɲܺ˵û书
ôܴùѩƲƲ죬ѧ˱ѧˣʲôҳϵģʦͶҲûʲôˣôţŷϣǲΪм˵£
ȻһİƣȻ򣺡֪һǱļһΪ͵ѧǽŵ书
ĽһȴͷĵС㣬Ҳ̫ˣ͵ѧŵ书͵ѧŵ书
ѩȻǽŵ书ܹ٣ܳϣȻǴﶼѧģ
˵Żͦظԭ͸ʵظԽͦΰˣ˵Ŀ⣬ĽȥŲ۾
װˣŷ޼ɵݣԽԽϷǿľ֧£Լˣȫ޼ɡ
һʶĶѷ֡
㡭ѩһۣƵӶʱźƣ޵òɷ
СѾ߳۾￴ţ
ĽջĿ⣬ĵ룬ûйǺ֣Ͻ߰ɣ
ѩϸҹţ
ĽɫС㣬ǵĴСΣɲˣ˭ǼϸˣҿǼϸأ
Ǽϸѩе
ĽǼϸ
ǼϸǼϸ
ԽԽͷյһԽԽҪѶԷȥһһϸԽԽ
СѾƲ˵춼յһˣæһĽĽһȭ
飡һ죬СѾ˳ȥ䵽һ⣬ƨŵأˤ˸ʵʵ
һϽĺǵͨ죬ݺݵĵĽ
ĽƲƲ죺һУٰ㱾үСĵ

㡭㡭СѾָָҲȻۡһ˳
С㡭С㡪СѾŤӣĨᡣ
ѩæȥȰôôױѽ书ȥˣ
СѾĨһ۲޺޵ĵһţ򲻶ģһ¾ͰҴˡ
ô£ѩʡ
СѾ룬ҡҡͷأǱ
ڴ˶ܸоǾǲͬġ
ôѩߵ
СѾ޺޵ĵ˭֪ôţֲʦҲ˿
ߣҽѵѩ򣬵ˣûǼһһĳЦ
СѾ̧ͷһĽվż棬Цеߣ΢ƲţһĲм
ʱǣǺݺݵĵҵĽ
ѩæһסˣҪýҵɲǵģ
С㣬ʲСѾ޺޵Ķš
ѩߣƽʱ͵֪˰ɣ
С㡪СѾŤӲߵұΪƾСʵʵİأ뵽Ǹͷ࣬Сţ
ѩ˵ҵӲඡ
СѾߵɲҪȻôεİ˼˵򹷻ÿţҰ˴򣬲С㰤
˵˵ǰԼȳСѩƲƲ죬ЦһֻСֿЦ
С㣬㻹Ц˼ң˼ҳ
ðɺðɣڶѩæͷ
Ľǰ´Ц޼ɣôСȭ

Ľ˫ֱ磬ĵ
ѩͷԭֲʦյ£ԭǿһţ
ĽߵΣҾһֵܵϱʮ꣬ҵĸĽ
ѩбô˵㲻˱书Ͷǽţ͵ѧǽŵ书ඣ
ĽüС㣬û˼Ƕ񶾣
ðɺðɣ㲻Ǽϸɣѩڰ֣ĵ˵ʦִˣˣ
ĽЦһȴö˵̧ͷա
ѩͷʦܣţʦִȻҪܵģûʲôˣ÷ϣ
Ľߵ˭ˣ˵ڴС㣬ûй㻹ʲô£û¶Ͻˣ
ѩüôôûȤѽ˵أʲôʮƵģ
Ľӣ˭ţˣҪʮ飬ôҹҵȻ
ʮ飿ѩʡ
ĽߵǵȻ
գǴģҲңѩб
Ľûĵʲôҵģʲôģ
ǾͶܲʮСȭѩ
ʲôעĽʡ
ѩߵ˵
ĽðɣҪʮ飬ҵţ
㡭㡭СѾʱһָָıϣһƴȥˡ
СѾǺŭĵòҪôҲԼӣ˵Ļ
ĽбѩƲЦ˰ɣǰɣǾ͸Ͻɣ
СѾҪν
ĽӣָָԼĺ󾱣ֵİɱˣ

ѩڰֱ֣ۡ
εķſ֣޺޵ĵС㣬˵öʲôѽֻƻҲ˵
ѩҲȴأװںӣߵһˣһʶ
Ľߵ˰ɣϽɣ
תҪţȴһȣţ
ĽͣסˣбôʲôϽ˵
Ҷˣѩ˵
Ľһ漴Ц˵С㣬Ҫģ
ѩͷߵʲôңܱһСӻס
ĽҿɲǻˣһʮСȭ
Ҳţѩߵ
ĽߵǺãǿɵ˵ˣ˾ҵˣܷڣˣ
ڣˣѩߵ
С㡪СѾһæס첲С㣬ɲܸĵģ
ѩﲻġ
ǺãˣҪô죿Ľʵ
ѩߵˣ͵ʲôҵģ˵㲻˵ץ㲻ץ
Ľһİƣãôģ
ѩǺãǽȥҪô쵽
ĥŲߣѩӣС㣬ǻǳɣ˵
ʲôߣѩߵ


662 ʤ
ӲţС㣬Īһ˼ƽϣʤûʲôôҪǰˣǿɾҪѽ
ѩߵ
һ£ҿǸçֱļһ񲻻أǳС㣬Ӣ۲ǰѽ
Уʲһ䱿书ȴģʦСȭ򲻹ѧ˽ȭѧ˴ȭսʦֻ˵С棿
ûܰСܣȴ˼ҵŰһ䡣
ѩһɣֺ˵ʲôϽȥ
ԸŤŤӣС㡪
ѩһץСֿżĽСԺСͤ£Ťͷңģأ
ԼҰաĽڿ˼ʽǿţɱ˵ˣǵһ飡
˵տʼСȭѩϾţһֻ޳ĴѹһֻϣŶȻĿȭ
˼䣬Ľ˺С¯ӣȻᵽСͤ̿𣬺ܿ˻𣬵ѩԱ£ͷĽȭ
С㣬ûмģء
ѩͷ۾ĶĽΣ¾ֻѧһСȭ
ĽᲢãչ󷽣Сȭÿһʽж
˿ƣޣʱƣԽԽ֣֣޳Ϊʵ飬ϸ΢ȴůڵġ
׹ܵľѧмƣԶǶһ࣬ǿ
Сȭÿһһʽεһ㣬Ȼתֲġ
ѩŲʮ飬Ϊֲ̫֧ͣסһ͵ͣ£Ҫʮ飬ǿЦ
ת۹飬ȴ˿û֮ףӽȭʹԽչ󷽡
֮ѩüߵû뵽СӵСȭˣȷʵţֲܱʦ¼£

üëĵĵС㣬㿴飬־˥ûһ᲻ʮ鰡
ѩڰСֵİգʮɲ飬صģֻܺúÿžǣ
ҾˣСɳţôˣ⣬ʦֿûˣҡͷ
ߣѩüõĺߵ
ЦɵһҲûʦֻ˺ඣһʻ嵽ţϣŭԹأ
ѩߵ˵˭ţ
æЦһǣСҲ̫ðһˣСѲҪڣ
ߣģѩƶĵ
ǿ˵׼ģҡͷ
ѩһЦǵ⣬Цݶʱһ漴С㣬ǲʲô⣿
漴һİƣȻѽʱҳ֣ڵأٺ٣СӴ
ꡪѩæһаָĽǱ߿˿СĪ
ûۣЦĽǱ߿˿ЦɵһɵأС治
ߣһﾹȻ룬ȻȢС㣬ͷܳһڶѩӡ
Ц֪СǲҪʮűʱȻ֣ϣʱУǲǣ
Ѿͷѩһ
ʱ˷ܵ˫۷Ź⣬æͷúããⲻ⣬᲻ᣡ
ѩһ򣺡С𵢸ȭҵҪܲʮ飡
ҿ˵󻰵ġЦһ
һɣٵˣʱ˼ŤȥĺС¯˲һƷŲһ߹͡

Ľһһ飬˵ĵϸȻӲԶˣղûܴɣȴһѡ
Ҿǿᣬ֮Զʤˣ˵ϸϸУҡͷʧЦѩǸѾͷء
ȻȤҪúöһѾͷҲĽį⼸÷Ůأб¸ɵҲɢһע⣬ֽһ˼֮顣
ȨŮڣһһСȭ˺ԽԽ죬תٶҲԽԽ졣
СȭҪ˻˿죬Ϊ̫ϣʧȥЧ
ѾСȭѾתЧѡ
ת۹ʮ飬ת̣ȻϡúܣȴѾչ졣
ԽԽ죬磬ΧĻݷ񱻷紵ţŮԾĶһۡ
û뵽ĽСȭ㾳أĽ滺ѸݣȭľҲԽԽǿ
Ծķ²յָĽС㣬㿴
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664 ȭ
ĽȻһЦҡͷλʦ֣ɣˣǽŵ书ôɣ
ѩ糺죬ҧ֨֨죬Ҳ޺޵޲ǰ˺ˣʲô˵
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ƲƲ죬Цˣָûˣʲôɵóһųȥ֪ҪĻأ
ƽһ漴ͷ⵹Ҳǣʦܵĵ̫һЩڳĿ磬зӵġ
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665 
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֪Ƹ縳ף΢΢ͷЩŵգСһﵽ׽̳ʲôӡ
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ʦܣʵǿЦЦ˵仰ЦݱȻһЩ
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ЦתͷѩС㣬˵أʦǾҪѧȭǿʦ֣ʦܰ
ĽüЩŭʦ㣬Һʱ˵ѣ
Цǰû˵˵ڲ˵ѽ¶̫Ц˭ѽ
ĽûĵŲţʦֹңĨӣʹӦ
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ĽҡͷҸ˵ʦ̣ٽ̵Ļʦֻ޹⣬ҪģΪѧȭȥˣҲثֻ֣ӲͷƤˡ
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ЦһҲںҵӣںλʦܵǰ;ôһŪǵСȭһĿȫǣô죿
Ľ˵ŵСȭǽһ书ĸСȭһжᣬôɣǳĻǵδʦܣڸʲô֮䣬һҪԴһȺ
Ľüͷĵʦ֣ôǵδˣôûˣҾ֪Ҫ
Ц֪ôôɣһ꣬ȴϣ
Ľҡҡͷߵҵʦ棬Ȼô˵ҵҪʵʵ˵ˣ
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ѩһۣЦеģһţǸˣͲǴء
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Ľҡͷʦ̵ʱֻ׼ȷһһʽܲȴ룬ÿ˶һġ
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Ľҡͷ˵ףô̷ӵܣѧ̵ȭһֲϱһ죡
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˫𣬺޲ðһһ㣬ѩЦһ£ʦ֣ʦʦʦܣ
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ҡͷЦЦûж˵һһ뿪СԺһ䳡䳡Сȭ
Ľǳ֣֪֣޼ɣ
Ľæȥȭ񣺡ⳤϣγϡ
ýʦġ֪Ƹ΢Ц´޼ɰʦ˵书ҽ飬⼸ôûţ
Ľ˼ͷʦҡҸˣ⼸һֱæˣ
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⡭ðɣĽεĵͷúŭҡͷСӣڸв֪ʦѧʶȺǻ۹ˣָĸһĲԸ
ĽЦʦˣʲô书ʲôǿ
ŭȻȻ书ٺãԴҲûãᱻ˵ʹˣת֪˭ģ
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Ľҿòԣ׷ѹ˷Ѵ껪ʵڲģ̲סǸȭ
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ĽЦСȭģһ˻зӦʽӭͷȭͷﲻǲԣ˾Ͷˡ
ءŭһȭͣˣЦŵͷúãѵãϷСȭûء

ϸϸʣÿһʽʵúϸĽҲ׾ÿһʽһ飬úŭ֪üɫ裬ɫãѩĿɿڴ
û뵽СȭУԼֻȭûôأĽһһȻһ㡣
ŮĽ¶ɫû뵽ѧôһӣͶСȭţ
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˶˵֪֮֮ţϷǰţڿۼˣø޼ɣúãŭпǧĽļ򣺡ʦһͽܰ
ĽЦеģǵ⡣
ѩԭģոĳ羴ʱɢˣûĵһۡ
ʦܼʶ߳ҲҲ
ȻŭȴܲϣԼСȭԶʦܣ̾磬Ī
ĽЦʲôʦ̵úã
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ĽЦеģСȭʶ֮ǿľ񣬹ϸ΢Ϊ˴ڷǣҲڤ˼룬мˡ
ʦ֣иˡŭ𾢶ҡͷЦǲôˣ
֪Цŵͷ
ŭʦܣҿСһɣ
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ŭһͬ⣬ңҾӦǰСǶѧһѧСȭһ¸
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ð˭˵ŭڴӦ
ĽһָѩʦʦҰɣ
û⣡ŭظͷ
֣Сѩǰ޼һѣ

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֪ƵͷգǺЦ޼ɣˣ
ĽæεĴӦɫѾˡ
˼ŭͣת󲻱ٽСȭˣ㻹Ⱥúɣ
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֪ҡҡͷʦܣôֱӽ
תǺЦﰡ֮дΪȣСȭȷʵ޼ɣʦֵĿɲ䣬Ӧø̿ŬȡԽӺɷΪȥʲô棬һʵΪ𣬶ǱģҪס
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֪ƵͷͺãҾ뷨ϼˣƫպǽţ㻹ǿ֣޼ɸǿðľܲϵĳԽմﵽ塣
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ĽСԺѩҲһ׷ҪʲôæĽ˵ˡ
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ûʲôģƳɲӴȥѩ
ðɺðɣھͿʼȥī

ܿкīȻ֧ʣѩһһ֧Ľʼ⣬˼¼һд֣һ˻滭
ѩѣĽ̾ѡ
һʱ֮ͨСȭ¼
Сȭ¼⼸ģⱾСӵ¼֣ʵ䱦Ҫúصģйˡ
д֮Ľ͵˺ŭϣŭ֮̾ѣֱȥš
ĽԼСԺ
ѩ뿪СԺڶ峿ѩһϢӽ֮СȭĴھĽˡ
Ľһæҡͷѣɵģʱ䣬еʱ䶼ҪοڻҪȥʦ顣
ֻĵߺߣɲ㣬ǽŵĵӣŷܲ𣿡
ĽüһŪҲŸţôڣ
ѩЦеĵ˵ЩҲûãǺʦĥƤӰȡģ
ĽҡͷЦʦ鷳
ѩߵ㻹ǲʶأѵ֪ô
Ľҡͷʲôô
Сȭʲôλߣ㽫ڵ˵˸Ҳ𣿡ѩߵ
ƲƲ죺ǣǸֲĻأֻҪ㹻ĵ֧㣬˵ܵأ
ĽûĵţҿɲϡֻϲʲôȤַ
ߵ˲׷һӦձȨ𣿡
ĽҡҡͷЩģֻҪ书㹻ǿʲôУʲôں
¼ѣôףѩҡͷ
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Ľһʦ㲻˵ʦֵôңǲ뿴ұʦִ򣿡
콿ЦСӣ㻹ǻأ


666 
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СԲʦսƴޣ书ɲʦʦܱȵģƲƲ졣
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ƲƲһۣ漴ЦС㣬Сӵⲻ¼дǵ֣˵ѽ
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ǰǰ˷ܵĵͷ
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Ľҡҡͷʦ㣬ɲЦ
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Ľ룬Ȿ¼ɣҪŪӦŪʯ壬¼̵棬ѧϰհ
Ⱑ˷ܵ֡
ѩ룺ʹ˵¼֮ء
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С㶮ʲôбĿǣѩʱûĽ߳
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С㣬ʦ˵æ˷ܵĵͷ
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ѩ룺սﵹ·ָҲǽǴָ
ĽǾͺãķţǾָʯʦ㣬Ĺߣ𣿡
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Ůͣ£ݺݰһۣʦ̫飬ɷ羰֡
߰߰ɣѩûĵһۡ

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һŮһأȻͣǼҴǰܣĿЦѩҲЦб
ĽŮǰĨһͷϵĺεĵλʦ㣬ɣǻṦҿɻûѧأ
С㣬ǴṦķɣҪȻ֪ʲôʱܵǱأתͷЦ
ѩͷðɡ
ԴСȭ¼ĽΪСȭϰĵλͶǵմӣǺġ
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һϮɫװ˼ֲӢսȣһ˵ķ飬Це˵ջˡ
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ǽŵṦķ֣ڵʩչҲְɣӰ޺֡ѩ
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ĽЦеĵȻҶѧ
ðɣҲûʲôѩͷֱӴ˼ھ˹·߽һΪࡣ
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Ľͷ۾ΣȻһ֮˳ȥͣסļ˷֮ɫ
漴һٴ˳ȥת۹ʮ⣬ȻһֱͣķٱۣαСˡ
ŮæʩչṦ׷ȥ̾ˣô˽Ӱҵ˺üأ
ѩҡҡͷṦҲ칦ţܹ谭ʩչҪһµĥĲݲô׵ģһͻӰƽ⡣

˺ܿ쵽һɽȣΧȫʯͷͺͺû֣ҰݶûУɽ·һʯͷᣬͺͺż֡
Ļ̌ͷ죬ɽһʯ
ʲôɽĽʡ
ʲôѽôСɽֹͺͺģ˵ﲻ̫飬ܿءƲƲ죬Ȼмһˡ
Ľҡҡͷһͯɽ
ѩ˵жûȥԹûж롣
ĽЦɽȷʵйŹ֣ǾʹŪʯͷ
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֮治УһЩԼϵҲûʲôˣǾ͸ϽŪɣһҪȥ
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Ľ죺ǾͲҲ˯
˯ҲⴿĥԼǲһҲһʯͷһѸ׵
顱һ죬˶ʯϣȴû顣
Ľһϵʯͷȴûʲô̾ǽʵʦ۹ãôŪ
д˽ѩһ飬һ⡣
һ̽ԼߣӯѩӯӯһûɱƯòˡ
ýĽ̾оɭɭѵ֮֮˵նǾ

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ЦСӣ㳤ʶ
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ĽæðɺðɣǸϽİɣϽȥ
һۣŤͷС㣬ɣҪСʯ
ʦܣ˵أѩӯӯ۲Ͷ
ĽһСã
ǺðɣҵģӹѩϼƮƮɽ£
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С㣬ϼѽѩ
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ĽһȻ󷢵ϣתͷʦ㣬ʦ㣬һѣ
ǰ򣺡Сӣһ治Ǵģ
ĽεҸǿȥλʦһȰɣ
ʦܣǹɣЦ绨
ѩҲæһʯ̧͵ϣΪɣԳ̬֮
СȴǳҲûʲôĽ¶飬תߣʩչṦ
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˼ʹʩչ󣬰ʯͷҲóֻû¶ˡ
һ˿ȴ磬ˡ

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һʯͷƾѩԶʮʯ죬Ӳǳָ̲ƣºۼ
Ľһ⣺գʦ㣬ʦ㣬ǰ͵ڣʩչս
㡪ŮĿ
Ľʦ˵ҵľͱȱ˿ʵἫ죬ǵңܳɡ
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˴ʱСͤһߺȲһģĽȥѩָһ˽ȥſ󣬾ĴãȻţ
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ȥĽĽҲɵҲĵøСӣȻ
ĽΪ죬һֵϱʮգѾľ߹ģˣ䲻֣¶ѡ
⵹ҲѩҸղſľȷʵʤǺܶ࣡
һɸת·һ㣬һ˵ľΪһתؿ
ĽľԶʤһˣⲢ˻ɣϾ죬
ѩͷǺãұ㴫սֻ·漰ָġ
ǰѾṦķʱҲûԥѽս·һ˵һ߽⡣
ĽܿѧˣȻʩչһŮҲû̫졣
һʱĽѾܹʩչһѰʯ壬һ֡
ȻְִĽģĽָд˼ŤŤĴ֡
ŮҡͷѣĽ̫󣬾Сѧ֡

ǲ⣬ֱĽ֣ҪȰˣٿʯ̫ˣú˳ЦԼһ
±Ůÿ֮󣬶Ҫ֣ÿζǵĽô󲻸ˣõʱ䡣
ңѧһһ˸ʮ죬ûһչǵŮѡ
ĽԲˣŮ˵ҡͷѩӦ˵飬ⳤĹΣȲѧ顣
ĽղŴӦǽ֣չ̫󣬵һǵŮ޲ѡ
úӣһĲˣһʳֿɲܼˣҲƳʯˡ
һʱҴҹȥԴһ˸Ĺȭһֱûȥеʱ䶼Сȭȭ
ʱջ羭Ůļල֣˯ʱվʱŵ飬ûһУһ˵ģ
ѩ飬ŵǿʱϢȥ̵СȭǱСȭ¼ĵҲԡ
ʹĳƽѧ¼Ȼתڸŵĵǡ
ʱ֣Ů뿪ˣĽһСȭȻš顱
Ľһ裬æǰȥţȴҴҵĵ߿ߣʦ
˵ű㳶Ľĸ첲Ľ˳⣬æʣʦˣ
æͷǰܵͦصˣڴأ
Ľɫ΢䣬æ֣֮˳ȥת۹˴棬ţһһվࡣ
Ľں壬һһæڰ֣ʹɫʾⲻҪ
䲻⣬ȴһ£Ľȥˡ
ʦĽһŰƴһϣɫƣϢ΢
ʧɫæǰʦ

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æһ񣺡ʦʦ
΢˹ûѾԲѣһ
Ա߻мɫĳϣŭ֣޼˹ˣ
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Ľ˺ŭߣʦʦô£Ҫɣ
˵ദʱ䲻ĽܸܵĹУȻԼȴá
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ŭҡҡͷڻ֪ҪʦѹʣİɣԳ֣ʦǣ
Ľһͷ
תͷܣûѩӰ֪Ϣ͵͵ȥԼ֪
ϢһλϣһԲѹ֡
ԼһӵĹ֣۾Ľжŭʵôʦ֣
һϮۣ㣬˼Ӳ֮УĿ罣һ˿˿â
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ŭߵ˭˵ʦܣ
ӦǴ󿪱֣ʦܵģʦΪǿסˡ
󿪱֣ɳţŭüߵʦôǣɽʦǸʲô
֪ƣ֪̾˿׵˵ʱһö
ŭȻĻ
֪Ƶͷ
ŭĵҪǶʲô깦Ͼ˵ûʲôðɡ
ʦǸ޼ɵġ֪ƿһĽ

ŶѹˣŭȻ
Ľĵʦʲô
䣬һ˵֮󲻹٣ȴŭ
Ľ깦
Ҳһÿ˶һеǿһ꣬еĿǿʮꡣŭ
ĽüôõĶһкܶɣ
ŭͷ˵ǲ̫ۣﻹҪһһͶȡɲɣ˵ҲзãȻôԾһ𺦣һȴ˲ã˶ˣ˹󣬺ʮǰֹһƾ;ȴ̫ܡ
Ľ̾ʦΪȥ⻯
֪Ƶͷ̾ʦ˵죬˷⻯


667 
ĽͷĬȻ
֪̾˿ҡҡͷҲ˵ŭʦһƬţôᱻɳŵ˴ˣ
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ĽæͷЩ죬ȴȶһ࣬ţ
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ӦһĽߣø첲ĽæֽӹˣҪι࣬ȴ粦֣һûأԼȣ
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ݹЦеĵڳϣ㼪࣬û
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ţ˵ˣȴˡҡҡͷҿǵʲôκ߻ħʤǰһ
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šͷЦЦɳҲһλŵӣһĿʼߣ˵꣬ʤʯ
٣ЦһҡҡͷôĿ

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£νǽŰѵһţ
õˣһҡͷ㰡ӵģⶫʲôöˣ
ЦԱ˵ǺöŻ޼ȴû£òǽֿüһˣ
ĽҡͷʦαðգҺúÿˣ
ЦʺϳҪ̫ϧˡ
Ľһʦи̣ô죡
ЦЦȻ֮УвΪʦģȼ˶ѣûʲôµġ
ʦܣͱţˣβ﷭֪Ƹ׺ǺЦʦҲԿǺһţ
ɳţٺ٣
ֻлһһ˰ɣ֪ʡ
ţɳһˣΪ˷ҵġߵЦһҲûֵúãɱ
ɱúãͷߵɳŵַˣҪúɷһɷǵųɣ
Ϊһ书
֪ƵţȲűȼ¾ǣ̽˲٣ݾ
ţһ˺úô̽ô¡ͷ
ʦ֣ҲҪˣֻҪúûȥһ󼴿ɣҷ˾˰ɣ
ţղ̫ܵأֻо𵤲ܾȻͷ΢Ц㲻ض˵Ⱦö࣡
Ҵˣҡͷ̾˿޼ɣһȥɣҪúõϢ
ĽӦһȻصСԺ

ļ죬ĽһֱСԺڣչʳӣרŵѾչˣﲻʲôæ
⼸ҲһֱչˣѹĽҲû˵ʲô㲻ͣʱ䡣
ѩԺڣСͤʻڻϣĶһƬ֮
ȴЩģĿŻһԲһûɵӣ˪˵Ļ
İ첲֧򢣬̾һû˼С㡪
ѩߵ㻽ʲôãʲôȤ¡
ʦôʦﰡǶʲôֱŵģﲻʲôæڳˣԹ
˶Ŷ
ܲܲڡѩ
ߵ˵Լţúõȥڳϣ
ѩûĵ˵㲻Ϊܸ
ѽֳ̾һεһҲ߯ɺޣֱû־ûʲô˼ЩģǲǣС㣿
ţ˵¶ȷʵġѩͷ
Ȼһ˫ȷŹ⣬ЦС㣬һ⣡Ҫһȥ
ȥڳѩʡ
ѽѽڳҲˣ֪ġæͷ
ѩ룬ҡҡͷɣ˰ɡ
С㣬ѵʹôȥ𣿡ߵĵ
ѩѾͷǲȤȥ䳡ǿʦִڵȭ
ðɡεĵͷ
˵ϲ䳡һٶȭƾˣȴǶСȭԭʼȭˡ
һӣڵĵѧСȭƽڣɷ֡
ǹƽֻЦЦûᡣ

ŮҲûȥֻһԿһҡҡͷЩ˵Сȭ򻹲ԶţĽʵԶҲԶԶ硣
һֱĽд裬֪УСȭþޱȣСȭ
һֱĽд裬ûʲôٿСȭһ±㿴ֲ۽粻Ծ̧ߡ
С㣬úòã
ѩƳһۣҡҡͷȴʾⲻҪ˵ɲ˶ˣСȴҲ֪ά˵ӡ
һ˿ƽ̵רעĵ˳ȥȴΪʧСȭǻòɡ
Ҫӽʯѩ߳䳡󣬸̾һ䡣
εҲѽǳһĥ䣬һֱûã
ѩüи⡣
ʲôⰡæʡ
ѩЦҿñʰдȥȻָ̣ܿ԰ɣ
ѽʱİƣ˷ܵͲȥˣ
ѩҡҡͷ̾Ҫ⣬Ҳĥôˣһĥ䣬֪ʲôʱܰɡ
̾ѽҲ֪ڳʲôʱܺãһڳϲãǲԼСԺġ
ڳ˾𵤣µġѩ
ǽŻмžѽ
ѩ룺ŰɣһţҲ֪ûãﻹһš
һһţһҲǱƼˡƲƲ죺Ҫо𵤵ķӦ
ǰϧʧˡѩҡͷ̾Ϣ
һ£ĵĵС㣬ǻȥʦܰɣ˵˵ʯ̳
ȥȥҪȥԼȥɣѩһۡ

Ľȭ磬԰Ļĺ԰
䳡λڻ֮УΧǻĽȴò̫ϰߣԼһСİѻˡ
Ļ࣬ȴŨףˣƢ˿˿о
ĽСȭȭȭʤһ磬ʮ㡣
ȭҲһص㣬ɣŵ书ˣʹѩʩչĽսʵƷʩչȻޱȣȴҲ㲻þס
ŵ书ؼص˾ַǽ书֮ڣѧ˽ŵʽûʲôãû˾֮ڻӣҲûһ
˾ļɣһ˵ҪϸᣬǶԼĸ֪׼ȷһ㶫ţͰĸо
Ľȴͬһ֮ԶʤˣԾҲĵãĶת֮õü졣
ŵ书ˮʽ츳ȴ֣Զʤˣѧŵ书ʺϲ
׽ȭʹȻˣŶչķȭͷƺһ
һӵĽջ羭Ҳ죬ǿЧʣһʱ뵣䲻ҲԶʤϢ
ѾУȻŲĽתͷȥ绺ɫ
Ľæ˻ԣǰȭʦˣ
Цеĵͷ
첲˿ϵ̫ЦٲӹǶҪˣôʦͽдһ£
ĽЦʦˣҿɲ۸һ˵ģ
ӴСӺôĿΪʦʹˣʰ㻹ֵٷϻգһ֣̽Ʊġ
Ľһȭȭཻ顱һ죬ĽĺҲһ

Сѽн̾һٴӰĽֵС
Ľ侲ӦսһȭһһһۣÿһʹöǽȭżСȭʹǡôܹܹս
ΪսίʵǳȻûȴҲۻңĿϾӡ
ĽǼģܿսеЩɱš
ЩĽãڷĽս֧
һʦͽ˹һУĽɫ糣Ϣƽȣ˿ûд󲡳֮񣬷
ת۹ֹһУʽԽԽ죬˷Ӧ֮ʶս
ĽǿᣬӦ죬ܳӦսȴЩĽ˳ȴǴϲӹȻ츳볣˽ȻͬĪǱһȥữˡ
ðɣס֣Ȼһڰ֣ҵȭòҸôȭˡ
ĽʦҲģ̰ãѽȭٺúһӣܾúܾġ
뷨ܺãΪʦҲܷˡͷ
ĽʦαȥǻأҾܿ죬ջ羭úܣ
ôЦʣֵҿʲôˡ
ĵ˵ţӹĽ̽һ£ʱһ´Ľۡ
ĽЦǲǣ
ͷ̾ÿĽ
ĽǺЦҾúÿ죬ÿȤ̫⻯Ϊһ˿˿һ˿˿ٳɶ࣬гɾ͸У
ʲôʱܻΪģʡ
Ľһаͷһ;úû뵽ôȤһ⻯Ϊһůڵĺ
һܻΪǡҡͷ̾

´Ľ컹ƫģѧȭ죬ѧڹķô죬ԼΪţնȶʱȴҲصļ࣬ž
ӣһѧͻᣬһͳɣôȥԼ֮ƾҪתˡ
ʦ𣿡Ľʡ
ҡҡͷûúܶԣôȥˣǽջ羭ڿûֻһˣһˣΪʦ̲̫ġ
ǣʦİɡĽ
ջ羭նȶ򾭲Уʤһúܲ޳ˡ
ĽǺЦʦ޳Ҳû취ѽȥ켫ز
иξˡЦ
˵˼仰ӻͳһСϻӣԼаƴСЦǻȥɡ
Ľھͳԣ
ͷҪģҩЧûô죬߶תЧѪıʣߣữΪΪ
Ľҡҡͷʦܿ죬Ҫʦ˰ɣǿ书ǻһ籨𣡡
ЦΪʦò󣬻Ǹãʦʦ
Ľεǣʦģ
ĵͷŶⶫˣȻСȭ
ĽӹСϻӣƲһСԲһһһ㣬ƳγΣԲ
ĽָָʦҪƤԣ
ҡͷãһȥζе֡
ĽЦеĵʦԹ
ȻЦһ£ΪʦΪɾͣΪСʱԹһö
Ľɴ۾ЦԭʦĳԹ
Ҳȥԣߵ˲ֵ֪֮

ĽŴ죬ѻ͵Ȼһҧʱɬ죬һ켸ʧȥ֪ɬֿ
ֶصζԳãʱֿεҪ£æһ£
ŵȻҲ˳ԹԵ˲ܴ˹ζжֱ³ˣȴ֪Լ˶ĸԵǿϧ̾
Ľڣӿһţɬԡ
ðιȥһһǻˣ˵ˡ
Цûȥҵֱӻȥˣ
ĽʱȤʦʱ󣿡
Լʮһɡǻһ£ҡͷЦҵƢ֣֮ᣬȴƫƫҪȥûûȻѾˡ
ĽνĻԵɡ
ǰԽǻþãԽĪ⣬СпĵͷȥСȭɣԽԽã
ĽӦһæʼСȭʩչһ˿˿ȭߣžת
һ˿˿ƾնθӳԭϵһʹԽԽ
Ľǿᣬ˿֪ƣһûͣСȭ̾ѣһֱ˰ĽûͣЪ
翴ɫֿĽҡͷѣǿУʹ֮Ҳһ
ӻǵܳɲģǿиһ츳Ҫ̳ģǶԲס죡
ĽһֱСȭӰϣһֱ˵ڶ峿ʱ֡
س¶ʱȻһ𣬴Ȼϥϣʼɺ˽ջ羭
Ѿγ˹ɣʱһĳһ㣬׼ȷ˿
һֱһֱԱ߿ţ뿴ͽܵʲôʱܲһ죬ˣҲһ

ͽһһôãʹԼҲû˵ȥҲһ
ˣһҪЪϢˣ֪ˣҪǲȻܲסˡ
Ҫ˵ȻĽڱǼ³˿˿Ƶİߣɷʱһ֪붨ˡ
ͣһԹۿҲǻ
ȻһһյĽϣĽüͷһ£ȻڱǼ³һߡ
翴񣬶ʱջ羭ˡ
ȻˣѾ࣬ӻǡ
ҡͷѣȴҳֻǶʲôΣջ羭ѵô
ѵ˵ջ羭Ƚնȶҡҡͷ𵱳ʦ˵ջ羭ȽնȶϰٱŵĹǼޱȣ˶ǿһء
Ľ彥һסˣΧеĽⶼϣһ£ɷǹ
ģϵĹԽԽԽԽΧӳˣӳ羪㵵ģ
ҡҡͷ˺쵽˿˿Ȼȣȴ͸һļµϢҿ̫
һʱܿȥĽʱ죬ȻһԾ𣬹Ц
СӣУ
Ľŷæ䵽ϣȭЦʦһֱԱߣ
ϻߵû뵽Сˣһ˰һҹΪʦһҪ裡
ĽЦСȭźţ˯ȥһûʲôоôһˣ
㲻Ľ뾳ˣͷ
֮˶Կѵõ⾳ܴﵽˣ书ͻͽ⡣
Сӣˣһ̽Ľһܹһץ
ӴǲһˣֺȻһ죬ƺ첲ͻȻһضٴץסĽ
Ľεҡҡͷ̽Լڡ

ۣܿ¶˷֮ɫúãȻǻǲ
ĽæʦΪж
һŹӣֵϱʮޣǺЦ
ĽЩʧĵʮţ
ûĵһۣСӣʮްʡʮ㻹֪㣬Ĳأ
ĽףǺЦûʮʲôã˻Ҫʮ꣬ǲǣ
֪ɣûĵһľǿ㣬һҲûУ
Ľʦʦǻһʦ书ȣһһЩ
ʲôһüͷ
ĽҡҡͷǺ棡ܴʦˣһǺء
һҲǴ̾˿¶׷˼ɫκ̾Ϣһǽŵһ֣ǿɳŵĵһ֣൱൱Ҳ˼ѷ£ǸѲĶ֣
Ľ书ǿ
ǿͷҴĺƶˣҲҪĿ
ĽЦô˵ʦǸһֱûԹĿ
ҡҡͷһξ˸ͷһֱҽϾʤһѹ书Ϊ߻ħˣ÷񲣬ڿɳŹúܲá
Ľ̾ʦʱһܲܣɡ
һҲһ֣䵽˵زίʵϧͷ
Ľɺָֻˣ
ҲʲôɡҡҡͷҼܵ˵Ҳܵ
Ľҡҡͷô࣬ǲλˣ

̾ܰɡ
ĽЦɳŻʲô
ɳǽŲ£˵ûʲôˣڵĸҲСҡͷ
Ľü룺ɳŻʲô˵еܻţ
һų֡룬˵
һţĽɻĵһŻţ
ţӦûڡͷ
ӦöˣĽʡ
һʮ˰ɡ
ĽȻһʮꣿܻô𣿡
Цһ£ͷɵķֻҪˣ겢¡
ĽĿɿڴȻ
絭һЦôţ
Ľǵһš
Ҳڡ΢Ц
ˣĽʡ
ʮ
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668 
ʦֵĽնȶСɣٶ겻ڻ¡¶һ˿Цݡ
Ľʣʦأնȶǲһʮ㣿
ͷֻ߲㣬Զš
ڰ˲СɰɣĽ
ڰ˲Сɣӵڰ˲ھŲ㣬֮ͻһꡣ
ĽЦû뵽նȶã
ߵСӺ˰ɣѡջ羭ɣҲԹҵ˸ѣҲ֪羭᲻
Ľҡҡͷǲɣնȶפջ羭ȴģǡǡ෴
ҡͷҲδؼãҪפȡʱ˻羭ȥţλȥǰ׻˶١
Ľæ֣ʦپͶ٣Ҳûʲô˵ģʦȭˡ
ͷãҴȭ
Ľͷ˼ĵʦҪѽսҲʡ鷳
ЦСӣôθڣ
Ľæ˽ȭʦһֱڣֲѧȭʵͣ
ðɺðɣ㣡ûĵ
ֱӰڿ˼ʽʼĽȭȭȭȣʽö࣬Ľչ˾˵츳칦Ѿ˴Ȼѧս
սҲɳΪƣʵ书ʽƣһƴˣķȴȻͬ
Ľһֱѧϣȫ书ѧˡ
۾˿ûƣȣ˫⣬簵̾һΪ书֮ˣ硣
ųĲţսҲʮ죬һУŽķס
Ϊķż򵥵һʽķȴתתһ¼ǵ̫࣬Ūһ飬ֻһѧУѾǿˣӱԼ˱ˣǲƽġ

ԲЦСӣĹҲ㹻ˣһ㣡
Ľϲüɫĵͷððлʦ
нӰ޺ۡ
ĽǴϲȻӰѾѧˣȴû˵
һԶİ־ѧĽ缢ƿʵѧϰú֮طء
ĺɫѾѧ־ѧ
˳Сӣɫ磬ûȥ翴˿죬Լӣ۵ùǺ
ѧû̫ۣԼ̵ĵ۵òᣬѵԼˣҡͷѣܸͽܴһʧģԼҲǽŵţһȣһһ£
Ľʦҽ˯ʦ
ҿɲ㣡æ֡
Ľɵʦ˸պá
Ѿȫˣñ㣬ϽԼļңֲѣҿɲϰˣ
ĽεĵǺðɣʦúЪϢһȥˣٹ
ùҪչúԼģвģȥʦֽ̾ǣڰ֣ɫһܲ
ĽͷǺã
һȭת󲽶ȥ
ԼСԺʼȭнսôȭȷʵٱȭСȭ֮
ǰѧһУֻΪȭ׼Ϊ˴ȭٶҲֵõģĽ̾ѣѧȷʵԼѧȭʤһ
ȭ뵱´ħȭмƣʤһУķ˴̼Ǳ
ѧƵһ¿һĵӿûʲôоڡ
ȭʩչǴһ㣬ٱ޼᲻ݣûʲôܹӵס
ʩչÿһȭкХǻ˿

ڽսյ죬ʽѣķɬ֮ŵ书Ȼͬ·ӵġ
սȴȭһٱ޴սȴƥ׶ﲻơ
һ޼᲻ݣһﲻƣϣ޿ƥУټϽ£Ϊ޵С
ϧЩ书Ϲ˼ƿսЩ࣬ƾŽս޷еסƿսһ
Ѿѵõľѧܶ缢ƿʵҪ죬ȭԽԽǿ˺ȭȭ
ΪѾǿ㲻Ͼ֣ȴҲֵϱʮޣԱ
˰Żȥ˯վ˾ҲûȫɥȴǶ
ڶ峿ȭȻǽսûĽֻƷ
飡ٵĽһһûأ
֨űƿŶŮȻʱ¶ȻЦݡ
ĽûͣЦʦ㣬ʦ㣬ʲôϲ£Цøһ
ŮһԷ˶ԷЦݣæЦݣ˺죬ߵּ㣬Ըˣ
ʲô˵ģĽҡͷԲͣһ߻һ˵顣
˫죬ʱ˵Ŀ⡣
ʦܣѧ˽սе
ĽĵͷѧģʹΣ
ߵô㱿ãһʹ̫һȭܴ
ĽЦеĵǲãǱȻΣ
ȭһԾǰȭȭͷǴ㣬˲䵽Ľǰ
ĽƵ˫ٿı죬šСնţУһȭٴδĽһƣӭȭͷ

飡һ죬˳ȥź˵ѩǰѩƵסģ㵵ĿĽ
ĽЦʦ㣬Σ
㡭㡭ȵԲ
ôˣѩʡ
תͷС㣬һ±úܶ࣡
ѩ׵ԭˣʦǷ˻ɣ
ĽЦҳ˻ʮޣʦ㣬ʦ㣬ڵɲѷ
ƲƲ죬ߵС˵־ǿҲȲС㣡
ĽЦʦ㲻ʮ꣬Ǵ̥ꣿҳ˻ɲֹʮ꣬ʮ꣡
ЦðǲͱһȰգ
Ľѩѩ΢Ц͸һɰȻ֮⣬ϸһ죬ȴǰһ£ȻӿǺײηӿէƽϸȥȴǵ̾ˡ
СӣСǿǵùģʮԶţС㣬úýѵѵɣЦ
ѩʦܣҷһһ
ĽĿɿڴһ㵤ҩ
ҡͷܵô
֪֮һܲһģҲ˵ıģ˲Σ˲ιȻ󲹣һ˳ˣкڶҩҲ˵
һƤע̫ˮǰƤҳƣ;徭ߵƤңʱڲܸıݻġ
ѩЦ˵һʱǿҵҩտʼţûжܱȲ㡣
ĽҡҡͷĽ֮ɫ
ЦСӣ㲻֪ɣСʦɲǽŵģǱиˣ
Ľ°Ȼѩʦʦλˣ
Ҳ֪ġҡҡͷĵСʦˣײβ֪Ĳࡣ
λĽûĵһۡ
ߣǲ㣡

Ľһۣתѩʦ㣬ɣ˵֪λأ
ѩʦ磬ȷʵ֮ˣһֱɽޣǲ֪ġ
硭ĽͷЦŮѽ
ⷨŻƲƲߵ
Ľͷеİɡ
ЦȻŮʦ̫ʮ꣬ѾʮϧҲܳΪĵӣഺפ
˵ԼмֶԾ̬֮ĽЦ
ŭĵȻҡѩС㣬С㣬ҽѵѵѽ㿴ˣ
ѩЦˣ
򲻹Ľ˵ȴžչǶһԼΪҲʮ꣬ʦʮ๦ˣԼܵС
ҲŲأң
ѩбһۣתͷʦܣĽսǲҲһ᣿
ĽҡͷҸأ˵ƷһȥնһС
ǵȻҪΪλнս
ĽʯˣͰŪΣ
ðʱ˷ܵ
ǿʼƱѩëд˱ģд֣ٻϻдʮʯȻƵĽġ
СҲƵģ˵עڣѩھˣԼһ㡣
Ľһʳָѩּġʯ£һŪһʯ
ƲһǰߣɿġˣһһӵĹĽ֡
Ůƣòδ̫ѩбһۣ˼
Լȴƫƫûһˡ
ʦܻǴϸأ˵˼ˣ

ĽʮʯڳһԲȦֻһС˽мΧһֱԲ
˸߲ҵоĽѩСͤ£Ľͷʦ㣬֪ɳ
ţɳأǲôˣѩͷĿСջ
ɫ漴һ䣺ʦܣ㲻ȥɳŰɣ
Ľͷʦ𣡡
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ʦʦʦ׳ʱȦ죬ԡ
ƽʱǿᣬʦܸǰݣʱȴ¶̬֮Ŀⶢˡ
ߵͷ̽һ»һıϢȻưؿڣɫٴһ䣬̧ߡ
ʦܣΣüʵ
ûˡ̾˿ҡҡͷ飬йͷ飬Ҳˡ
šɫһְ̽ϻһؿڣɫˮЦһŤͷ׳˭ɵģ
ʦʦʦ׳Žһ˿ϣ
ʦֶʦѾˣܸǡ
ģ׳ҡͷѣţʦôô
֣һţǽŵ޼ɣ

޼ɣŤͷߡ
׳򣬳Ƭ̣ҡҡͷʦ֣û˵ˣܣʯƽû˵ʲô޼ɣҼʹ书ǿʯҲǻʦ֣ܶ
ͷŵĵţʦ޼ɺ˵ĵӣʦģҪɱʦ塣
ĵӣ߸׳ҡͷĵӣʦ֣˵
ߵţеӣӦյģĿһУȻ棬ҲΪҪᣬ˻ʦܻᣬش
ߵͷҪӷã
ʹ˻ʮ깦ôᡭҡͷѣ˪ü塣
ţʦ޼ɵ֣ɲŵģʦò£ʦ˵µɱ֡
֡ҡͷ⣬ڤ˼룬ҪŪ徿
߳ߵ˭ɱ˻ʦܣ͵óˣӹ
ǣһӦת˽ȥ
򣬽ӿڿ߸ǰվһɽʯˢˢ
һ˶ʮңȻһһЩӢأۡ
ǳȵվԭأſߣ
߳ղţʦܾһСӰɱˣⲻǻʦܵĳ裬Ҳҿɳŵܴ裬С£ҿɳ䣡λһ飬ͷ׷ɱСۣܻ׽ãܻ׽ɱɱ޼֮ˣΪҿɳϴˢ˳裬ҿɳŵĴ󹦳ɾѧ
˶ʱһ¶˷顣
˿ɳɾѧǿף֮⣬ѣô˹һ죡

ˣѻ߳
һ걧һֽһһɸˣԼжʮţһţǵı£һ۱ܼסˡ
˫۾âһǸݼ˵滭񣬼ʹʮ׼ȷҲ߰˷ƣҹСˣ׷ɱĺʱˣϻ˵ȥɣ
ǣ뱧ȭתɢȥһѾˣٴͷ
ɢȥҡͷСӺǿһȭȥǻҲܲס
š٣Цһ
üʦ֣Ż᲻˽Ӧ
˽ӦΣҡͷΪȻǺúôһʦܲܰ
СΪΪǳҡͷ̾
߰ڰ֣İգӲģ
½˽ӦҪȥɣ߳ţ¶֮ɫ㲻ܶɽ
룺ţҲãҾͷˣΣ޼ɶܻȥ
ʦַģ׵ġߵͷһ׳ʦֶһɣʦ𣡡
ǣ׳ҧվ촽մѪһĨʱĨ˰ǣˡ
ֻ̾Ҫܸʦ˳ҲĿˡ
ʦģҲҪģ׳
˫ź⣬ҧأ˶ɣ߰ҡͷȥϴǲ
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һϹˮ飬ʦҺˣ׷ɣ
áߵͷתʦ֣СļĪý˿ӣ
İգʡġ߰ڰ֡
Ʈȥ׳һƬëȽȽš
ˣú˻ʦܣ߳

Ľʩչȼ͵Ϯ֣ʱһʩչṦһתջ羭̫յףȻΪ˿˿Ƶתֱߣ˵˫ȣʹ֮һƬ֣Ȼͣǰ
ĺɫʱڽɽУһ
ԼͱһѣɳžԹҪɱԼɣɳڶΧɱԼ
ߵͨŵֱߣյ·ۣܹ֮Ұһ޶
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һɽǰͣ£ӶˮһȻżУɫ谵ұۡ
©һϣջ羭תġ
֮£ʢԶʤǰת֮£ƺͷע룬ֱ
ԭ˿˿ջ羭ײʱһ𣬷·ˮ˴˲ڣȴò
ĽһȻת˵ĲķʱںϵһͣפڵУ뿪žת뵤
ĽԴо飬ֱӴ߶Щڽ£ٶȶʱΪһĨɽл
һߴ߶Ṧϣһתƺע뵤תջ羭תΪǰĽջ羭ȻͬһΡ
ĽԼ֮֮Ϊ㣬ڽԼ뷨дĽ
֮ת֮˾ת֮
ʼһ֮תΪɾѪ⣬ǵ˵ɣ
˽ջ羭ͻƵĲ󣬺Ȼ֮Դһ˿֮㣬иһ㣬ǳرԭ֮
ջ羭󣬱ĳֻأﵽԪ֮
ջ羭ʮ㣬˵Ĳ㣬ľתΪ֮Ȼ֮壬һ㣬̫֮
뵽ҡͷѣջ羭Ϲ棬֮𣬲ǽԼҪȴǽ

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޼ɰɣŵģ˴߳ĽǰγΣ£
ĽɫƶΰԼΧסɳŵģ
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͡飡һ⵽˿ըҹɼһڿУһɡɡָλá
ģСҲ죬ûǧ׷أһ˺޺޺ߵ
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ðɣߣ˲ĵĵͷ
Ľſһ֣˳֣ЦЦû뵽ɳŵļһﵹǾ
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ʩչӰһĨ⻮֣ŽŵķУɳǧĹ򣬲ԲҲҪ칦
ڶ峿Ľ붨ϥһϣԱһѣѾ뿪ˡ
һϣȵ̫䵽ϣʼջ羭̫ףȻֱתΪŨһתΪһ죬ѷɫ
Ľ̾Ϣջ羭죬侫ٶȵĲѣǾ뵤С
Խ㣬Խ񣬵Խխࡣ
ղ񹦵Ķ㣬Զһ˿ɱȣеľ֣۵֮㣬Ҳ
һĽɰͬ٭
ʱϺ󣬵飬ƣջ羭Ȼ
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СߣһЦ𣬶ʮ˺ȻԾվϣסǰ·
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жʮ˴ӺԾһǰһסĺ·ƮһԲȦΧڵС
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޼Ѿ¸ɱ־ܣǿԲɱ㣬ɱ⣬Īĺݣһòݵ˵˵
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Ľ˿ߣֿ׳۾һɣ㻹
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ˣϻ˵ˣϰգ߰ڰ֡
ĽӸ㣬׸ˣͷǿ飬Ҫȴųɣ˶ʩշ
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ҪȴΪ˿˿꣬һʵࡣ
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ŭ֪ƵԺʯԣһƷһ˵Ľ
ʦ֣Сӿɲˣǰ;ŭҡͷ̾ϢЦҸ֣ʹˣֶΣӮ
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ʯǰ߽磬󺹹ĸȻΣգȴٳ֮ݾ书ԳΪһ֡

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֪ü޼˵󣬵ǴˣмС˵ȥӦмְա
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׻ΪԼԭһֱһҲǵڵǹߡ
Ǳ㲻ѩϼ˪ôһɣʲôˣֻȥҺŭ֪취ء

СӣҲ룬ʦһˣҪȥɱһ磬Ƿӣҡҡͷ
ĽںΪˣĽ˾ŭǳ
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֪ƵǸᣬһʦܵĳһ˰գɳ֣ȥϮɳţǸֲ
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֪Ƹ׵޼Ľų̼죬׷ȥˣˣᣡ޼ɵˣǶҪ׷ɱ޼ɣǴ˾һ룬Ҳܰһ޼ɣ޼û֣Ǿ޼ɱ𣡡
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ðɡͷȥأҲ֪ʦǲǵ˵ڰ˲㡣
˵뿪ˣѩ壬ʦ
֪΢ЦѩǹңİգǶ֮ࡣ
ѩûô֪ɳŵ˵Ϊֻ˵Сء
֪ЦѩҲ̫С޼ˣӦѾ˿ɳŵǳңɽ´Ҳܴóɲǻġ
Ը˰ɡѩ̾˿
ҴҶȣ˫ۿؼ˸Ȼǹûȫȥ
壬ȥסʦܰɣѩæǰ
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תͷʦ֣кηԸ
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ҪСģѩЩĵĶһ䡣
¶һ˿ЦݣʦĻẦţʦ֣ʦ֣ȥˣ
˵һ뿪˴תʧ

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죬һĨ⻮һûһ˽ţصԼСԺ
һصű㷢죬ɽ϶˼֣ΪҲ࣬˵Ҳܴˡ
֮۸ɽϾûżʦֻڣһڴ̩ɽ֪ƣһںɽȴǷ͡
һصСԺŮǽͷӹƮƮ˿˿㡣
ʦܣѩϲæ㲻Ҫɣ
ĽʱмǱѿؿڼ󱳵ˣһ֪Ǳġ
ǺǣȻҪҰѻһĽظϿһ
˻һ磿Ծʡ
Ľ󣺡ǻм٣͵Ϣɣ˼ͻᴫٺ٣ɳţҲˣ
Լû˰ɣæʡ
Ľһ£ЦһСˣҪֻҪϢһӱˡ
æʣǰӡ
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Ҫô֣ǿɲˣ
ĽæЦúãҲ˾ǣأ
Ƕȥɳˣѩ
ĽȻĻһûУѩȾ÷ģŭɫġ
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ѩЩȣһۣ㣬Ǻ֣
Ľæɱ˻һ磬Ǻ֣
ǵǳɳܷŹ㣿ѩ߳
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ŵؿӲŵģȴø书һ򣬲ܽؿοѧ÷ģɽ֮ʯ񣬷Լ
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ȥˣǧ书
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Զҡͷ
ĽЦеĵʦɱ˻һ磬ͷֻԱ
һһˡҡҡͷбһۡ

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ļ죬ںܰһɱ˵Ϣ£˶ΪԳ֮ˡ
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Ľһ߲նȶ򾭣һջ羭Ժģб仯Ҫͬ޻ʲô

Ժģʱÿζ߻ħգԭѾҵˣǻܲ档
ķһһ˿ʣΪԵһ룬زս̣ȻŪң߻ħ
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ķֻѡһƲܼá
Ľʼԥջ羭նȶ򾭣ķԸᡣ
˵˽նȶ򾭣лϹҲлˣɽջ羭ȴһ׮¡
Ѿ֪ͨԪ֮Ҫջ羭ģܳȽնȶʤһ
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峿ʱ֣ģĽһȭսûѩ֣չۣ֮ȴɽһȺˣŮһӭӡ
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ȴһòЩƣĽһۿȥµãߵĶŮ
ü˿Ӷѩչ¶΢ЦĿͣ͸⣬Ľﲻ
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ûѩΣȴ˵õѩģĽò

һЩͷѹסȻСȭСȭ׽͹һһôԽôԽ
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674 
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ӴӺɷأŶѽЦ
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æȥ̲ͣ˵˰ɣǵΪ˸һɫôʰȴûЧû뵽ԻĲأ
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˵ԼСϲأ˵ҡҡͷûѽֻҪǸˣС㣬ŲӣǸһôãվûأ
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ЦҾһΪ˴磬ߣҲΪС㣡
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촽ߵ֪

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ϣѾдŴ߹ʯС˵ţ鲻Ҫٵһ¡¶һ˿Ц⡣
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Ůһͦһ֮΢΢ͷţȴֱͦԵöׯ
һߺߵģûֻװǻƣڳôһ̬ѡ
ЦòѣᣬҲѵõļ䣬ϿɲҪô˵
һֺߵɣǼСʤٱҲ˵ʵΪѣ²Ҳա
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һӣߵһأһɣŻ᲻ҿţǺƢģҪңͷ

֪ƸЦеĿţȴûв廰ŭ˵æһ֣ʾⲻҪ˵
ŭεı죬һۡ
߽źߵţǲǸӢţǴСҲǳû˼޵ģѣĪ˱ˣ˱Ҳûʲôʲô˵ʲô췹˵
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ţ⵹ҲǣҾӢۣλ߸߹ٿŮߺߵ
ǺЦῪЦûӰ£
ûãҲ˵ý鷢ˣȴڹǴ϶ÿźӺߵ
æҡͷ᲻ᣬϹ
æֺǺЦ˳ϣͺúסһӣҲúһǽɽķ羰
ЩмܲסʵԼ飬̫صѻһƣѹֶԷ˹
϶ʱֻһЦݣ߾ͲҾӻϷһȥ
⡭һЦʯһӲܻ
һ֣Ƶĺߵһҵȵ𣡡
ǺǺãϾͺúסһӣʯˣ泣һƳɡЦŵͷ
Ŷ˵ǽֳһţ߹ЦüЦ·ղѵ˵Ĳ
ˣȡЦʲôţҡͷЦ
һ֣ߵͱ¸ͷӿʮǰǳһ磬ſν˷ͷǵĽû뵽ֳһǽ޼ɣǰɣü
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ᣬɱûһ磬˴һأ˵ʵϢŵġҡͷǺЦ
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ҡͷߵϸˣ֪ǰһĻһһˣȴĽ֮һģ񾹱ĵɱ˵ܲţ

ЦҡͷǺǣ˵ϢҲǲŵģô˵һҲٮٮȺʦܴˣһĸ֣ܰɱˣ޼˻ȴҲû°ɣǰǾԲŵģ
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Ľ龳Ϊնһ˽ţɱ֮죬书ǿҲµġ
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ˣĸ֮ý֮ԣСǶʲôǲῴˣԹķûǳԹζ࣡߰ڰ֣ΪȻҡͷ
ҡͷЦҵѾӦСŮףҪԼѡҿɲʧš
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Ů£ųչƽ볣üһȥΧɽϿ羰һɽȫò
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ʯкպǶ֪洫书Ҳƽš
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ѩüЦҲ˸߲˵ͣʯǽŵĽǽŵδ
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Цѽæúţڵ
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üЦѽʤʲôϵֲǵˡ
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̫ˡѩ΢Ц

ţߵɽ¶ȥҪȥ￴羰ԸȺɽççԲԣдУȻ֮ɫ泩
һƬ֣תȥҪʱǰȻתһˣϿһһ˺ϱڼȴ
һɫװ磬װһԷȴĽ
ףʦܣôѿڽе
ĽЦеĵôﰡ
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Ѹٿһ۳չƽ볣üЩ˼תͷֵĽôļ㴩ļ
ĽûĵһļҪЩľͷӣҪʲô
תͷųչƽ볣üѩѩʱЩ飬æʦܣҸǽܡ
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˵㿸ǰߣָ˳չƽ볣ü⣬²ͣ
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ղλǡչƽȭʡ
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ѩǸȻλҪ֣ʦܵȷʵЩŹ֡
ѵǴ޼ɣüɴʧ
ѩΪĵͷ
ӴôܴأüһİƣҡͷӦʶһµġ
չƽͷҲλġ
治ɣѩҡͷЦ


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ѩһۣԵʣЦʦܵӹŹ֣³񣬺ܲء
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ǰһֱŸղŵ֣һ˺ϱֵĴһȥ⻬羵ͬ¡
Ϊ˵ᣬԼԶԶ磬һһҪˣʯھĥҲһ
ҡͷѣµ޼ɽһ꣬˵˻ȴҲ㹻ˣǰѵһţ
ʯǰӢţҪʢˣԼĳأֻԼλʦ֣ȴ㶥ģʯҲһ޼ˣ
ǳɵδֻܱԹԽѹס˵ˣҲ֣֮һ˵Ҳûе
²ߣѩҲǿǹٲ˽ţǴ˾ᡣ
Ľһֱ˼ںǬĵȻһĽȴòǲա
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Ľϲû뵽һдЧˣʩΪһڻɢΪһ֮ų⡣
ŵȥͨ磬ٴξһ仹ûͻƣȴ񾫴
˳תתվֲ񣬰ҹʱŴ߶
ãһʱԸһ㡣


676 
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СӲ𣿡
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ĽһûĵðɺðɣҴ˲С˹Ȩûʲôգ
һۣ֪ͷϣҲ˵ŤСͤС¯ݣֶܿ˳Ѿˮʼ
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ߣľ׮γһΣȻǸԼģЦҡҡͷʦܰ
ʵʦܣΪΣ
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ѩͷĺǽջ羭Ҫ̫ôҲԣͲᱻǽˡ
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ѩûĵһۣʦܣ
ĽǺЦҾⳣʦأȻ书˵㣬Ի㲻
Сӣҵ²ģѩûĺߵ
¾еȴ֪ΪΣŵĵдҪҪ˹
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ѩ̾òţǬų޽⣬߱ʦܲѾ£ʱֻȥš
ĽģʱƲƲ죬ߵǬҲģôֻҪ书ƽ֮вƽ书
ѩҡҡͷ̾ƽ⣬ҲҪ˿ɳŵ书ųɣɲɡ
ĽߵǾһЩˣȻƿǣң˶Ϊپһ㣡ߣͻȻˣҵĶѾˣ

ѩûĵһ˼ңƽϣѾˣ
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죺Ȳ㣬Ҳһ̳ܳΪɵĶġ
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ʱˣȥĽɷȭԼͷûиоĵܴùң
Ϊ˼ʲôͣ·ȭߵܴù㣿
ĽƲҶ򲻹ʲô֣书ɵ۸ҿɲܿʦߴ·
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Ľߵ˭Ȣʦ㣬ȵùһأ򲻹ңһҽҲף
Сӣ㵨ӷˣѩյһѲˮĽ
ĽһǰʱˮͲ£ϵˮմĻâ
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ѩţŤ뿪ˣæϣСͤʱŤͷһۣСӣͷٸˣ


677 
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Ůߺ̫âתΪϵתŨȻѹԾγѹԽԽŨѹԽԽǿҪ塣
ĽΪֱһᣬǼףܹղ񹦵ĶͶǿᣬԶʤˣѹԲҪ
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ڶ峿ԽԽڵԾȼգƺ˼ʱҪƿǶ
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Цġ
üתĴľ׮ЦαҪôߴ
ĽЦеĵڸߴ

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Ľߵ书ǿǿùɳŵΧ£һưոݵģ
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㾻⣡ѩҡͷҪ˵һ
ĽЦ˵Ѿء
ѩҡҡͷλ϶ڣʦʦֶڣû˹ȥԴ̫ˡ
ĽЦеĵʦ㣬ºţҪԼһȥɣԸɳţһӣ
˵ŻظɫȻ

ü̲סʦܣɳſɲǺöԸģɱ˻һ磬һڿɳŲ㶥ֵġ
Ľ̫ˣΪȻϾޣЩ˼ʮһвࡣ
ĽŤͷһ۳üЦеĵлģ
ģѩðԼ³񣬶λȴüЦ
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ĽҡҡͷҲŮ˽ֵġ
ѩûĺһۣ۾˵ϹѲԼŮˣ
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ĽҡͷǵǣֻŮ˽֣ﲻﲻܴģţʵڱƣ˵ǲǣ
չƽһ㶣Цŵͷ
üŤͷһ۳չƽߵʦΪʹҲûʲôģѲɴ򲻹ң
Ľҡͷûûصģһиôҿɳﲻ𣡡
ʦܣӺɷʲôգüСͤתЦӯӯ֡
Ľѩʦ㣬˵أ
˵ʲôѩûĵ㶼ȥˣ㻹ҪŲ򣿡
Ľε̾ʦ㣬Ĳﶯ֡
ѩߵٷϻϽİɣҪзִ磬צӣ
ĽҡͷСͤ˳üǰսپɣܳŹУұˣ
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֪ԼǶ֣Ϊ˴翴ĽʵԼһŮӣܾͰˣûʲô˵ġ
Ľ֣룡
ǾͲüһٿĵĽƮƮһ£
ĽСֵ˱ĴŤȭ߳ײ˳üС֡
飡һ죬üһ£漴˫ֻԲһȦһȦת˲仮˶ʮԲ

˶ʮԲ󣬳³һҡͷЦȭһҲ߲
ֻĽȭһŻ棬谭˽žȥæò˿ȭ赲һһȭɶ˻𣬲ͣĳŻ棬ȴ谭ˡ
Խп࣬Լȭȥ˻ȼƣͽ𣬲Ϩ˻棬ԽԽ
ãŻ浽ʱٿһʧˣûֹѩʱӦĽˣȻŻ뵤ǿ˲á
ԼǰķԵüΪЦȫã޼ɶȭ֮Ǿ΢֮
ĽЦеĿͣ£ЦеĵҪ𣿡
ˡüҡͷЦǲ̫Զʦܣһ书ģ
ĽЦҲʲôˣֻܳԿˣ˵ҲԹʲô¡
üҡҡͷûٶ˵ȴΪȻʹ񣬵ľ΢ȴǻǿģǡǡ෴ӲѶȡ
չƽһΣĽǰֵܣǹΣ
ĽЦеͷðգ
ü̴ڣջǰѻȥѩڵӣ˰ɣûûصġ
ĽŤͷѩֿչƽǺЦ֣Ҳȣʦ㷢ĸҲ񡣡
˵ջصͤЦʦ㣬Ǹ첲հŮš
ѩûĵһۣ죡
Ľ£ԶյЦʦ㣬㻹ûֱȻɣ
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ĽӹյһʧɫĳչƽЦ֣һƺ󣬴ûŮٱȣǆģ徻
Сӣ˵⻰һ裡
ĽæģƤЦƨĲ˫˿ɱƣȥŭ

뿪ʱѾˣĺɫʼ¡
Ľһȫû֣ĳСԺϢѩСԺǰţܿԺűѩվǰ
ҹɫסĿ⣬¶ߵҾ֪㲻ģ
Ľ΢Цʦ㣬Ҳİɣɸͨˣ
ѩ̾Ӧȥ˵ǰͷ֪һˣɳŷѰټ鷳
ĽΪȻҡͷҲ̫ˣɳ˵֪ʦֵмأȥɣ
ѩü
ĽͷҲϵôʦ֣Ҳ֪ʦֵ٣ȻԼȥá
ѩɲ˵ԣҲĺúӣЩԼһɽ䵽ɳ
Ľİɣɳûʲôµģ
ѩҡͷһǽңһһٱɳ׷ɱûôˡ
ĽͷüҪҪȥ
ѩ룬նһ½ţðɣȥȥ
Ľ¶ЦŶ
㣬ҪѩûĵŤߣ
ĽŽȥѩ֣ԼӣĽûԥĽȥһ
ɫļҾߣŵ㣬˼
ѩóһɫױǰ⿪һӣ򿪺һЩС񣬷һЩҩࡣ
ÿմһȻȣĨϣƬ̺ŤͷĽ¶Цݣɫڣ˫ȫģٺҲˡ
ĽҲͨ뿴׹ݵġ


678 ʯ
ѩ֣֮ĽҲױǰѩĨһЩҩ࣬ͿĽϡ
ϸֿüƮУĽ΢۾һܵģ
ѩһۣĨ֮ļûĺߵ
Ľ˼ۣȴҡҡͷ
ѩüô⣿
Ľʦ㣬ðŪӢһҵ磬ģ̫
ë࣡ͦãѩߵѺϵϰȻǳɫڿߣĪõ֪ˡ
ĽЦеĵҪģȥ£ʦţҿɲ¹ˣ
ѩһһˣҾ˵Ķģǿȥģ
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ѩһ۵ٷϻȥѸϽߣ
˵һĽӹˣװЦҸﻻˣһӣ
ðɣȥ񷿣ѩһ£ָָ᷿
Ľȥһɫڵʮ֮꣬һ
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Ľͷԭݳô͵ģ¶һȴôû䣬͸żֲɣζ
ÿ˵񶼲ͬҲкܶˣᣬȴһûʲôġ
͵͵СԺȻǱţɽ£һֱȥҪȥѰʯ
ѩ֪ʯҪߵ·иֻҪǷİǣ֪ʯǷˡ

˰һã˿û֮Ľ񾫻տյеڵĻУָ֮ɡ
еԽԽǾ·һ㣬תջ羭ʱھߣϵǿ׳磬Ҳ죬ϵʡ
ѩȻǳĿŮĿȴ棬Ҳûʲôܹιȥ
ߣʹ书Ҳʲô¡
ʱ֣ǵһУĻ̌ͷһۣνĳǣǺİǲࡣ
Ľѩһ۳ţߣѩȻһתͷһĽ
Ľɫʦ
ѩͷ¶ϲɫӦǽյ
ĽЦãû׷ѹҵ˴ʦ֡
ѩϲüң̧ͷǰ棬Щ޲в˫һ·ɽǰӿ
ĽЦϾܼˣһ
ѩͷһѹ·꣬˳ǣȻ˼ӿٶȣܿ쵽˳Ƕһջ绪ջ
ջλãţÿͼ࣬ĽѩУۣƥźˣҪһСԺ
ҪСԺ֮Ҳųȥˣĺɫ£ƳϣԺСͤһߺȲһ˵л
Ľ²յҡͷʦ㣬ȷʵ书
ѩüһۣ
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ѩϷһĨΣ˵ʲôѽССͣʲô
ĽǺЦﲻҲǵҪȻӶܴ
ѩһۣߵٸ
ĽҡҡͷΪ飬Ƕ
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˵ҿûӦѩü
ĽЦԸķ䣬˵ģ˵ˣӢ书ǿʦѵϲ
⻰Ҳ˼˵ѩûĵ

ڶ죬ѩһվæƮȥţ硪
һ຺̤룬ǺЦСã㣿
ֺˬѩҡͷЦǺ֣ôˣ
תĽЦŵͷѯʵĿѩ
ĽȭЦ޼ɼʦ֣
ʯο׳ʵ·һͷܣήңɫ԰һеĲˣ˿ûֵָķɡ
Ľһ֪ݣܿݣŨüۣ⻪̣ΪȷʵףԼ·
ʯЦԭʦܣúãͬʦֵܲؿǽȥ˵
˵תţȻĽǰ£ڰ֣ʾĽһ¡
ѩ磬ұģʦܷ˵Σգܲ
һֱأҪġʯ
ѩȥ˵Ҳ˵ˣû˻ϳ㣬һ˷¶ˣʦܷǼҪֻøˡ
ĽҾС˿ɳڣǻҵʦֵģܲ
ʯЦʦܹˣҵֻС֪ġ
Ľҡҡͷûв͸ǽֻҪģܲµôʦֵٵģʦݸòȴ䲻˰ɣ
ʯͷЦţûȷʵۡ
ѩ磬ʦʦյĵӣϴʦΪɽȥһ簵ˣʦܸɽѻһɱˡ
ʯһĽһ磿ɳŵĻһ磿
ѩͷ
ʯĽ̾ʦɱ˻һ磿
Ľͷ¶һ˿ЦҲǽң汾µġ
ɱ磡ʯҡͷ

˵˼лĽʦ֣ҾӦûΪʦ󣬿ûˡ
ʯЦðС޴˵иָûء
վЦҾͲˣ˵Ѿ˶ߣһһ°ǣٸ
ѩҪСѽ
ʯǺһЦݺ᣺Сˣʲôµģ
˵Ľڰ֣ת˳СԺֻʣĽѩʯΪ
ڶһ磬ոʯ뿪˿ջĽѩһЩͣ쵽θ˲ųʯµİ׷
׷һƬʱȴ˰ǣʯһʧˣѩɫһ±ˡ
Ľü֮۹ۿæһָǱߣ
˵ѩ֣ΪһĨ֣һƬƬˣת۹


679 
ѩɫ¸һĪл·ʲô⣿
֮¹˲СֱĽţǰţߺȻԼߺ
һΪأ˺ѷƵߺ
̧ͷҪ˵Ľζļӿ죬ֻһأ漴һᣬȻͣסˣǰرãӰӳ
ĸΧʯֵýƬƬ㣬ʯΧڵС
ѩе磡
ʯŤͷһƣЦСãôˣ
ôѽѩʡ
ĽĿһŮϣϷԶһ£һ½ŮһţĿηηһܾȵģų޲§ﰲο
Լжʮ꣬һٸʹܾ£ԳŶ˵ķ飬νһ
ĽЦЦŵæƿĿ⣬ܾС¹
ʯĸһɱҰ˵
㲻öֵģѩ
һ֣㱩¶ݣעĿɳŵ˻׷ġ
ʯĸˣҪ۸һŮӣµ˶Ӳ
ѩԶԣȷʵܲҲŮˣȻҪͬŮˣһĽʦܣ㻹ûô
ĽͣٸһҵһԿ֣ٸȥ
ĽתͷʦİգĸǴʦֵĶ֣λȤء
ʲôȤѩûʡ
ĽҡҡͷߵٸǰЦеĸ°ͣڴһŹֵĶ
ѩģûҲ˿ʵʲôŹ𣿡
ĽЦ㿴λ书ģ
ѩ˿ҡҡͷ
Ľʦ㣬书ģң书أʦɲ֣
ģѩŰɵȥ

ĽȻ߳һţһСٸѸǡ
ٸӯһƮ֣Ľһǰֱֱһȭȵ°գ
ٸܣȴĽȭ̫죬˲䵽ؿڣɲֻӲӡ
飡һ죬ٸ类һֻľУֱֱˣײ򵶹뽣Ӱ֮еʯ
ʯûעߣ˵ĵ뽣˿ٸȻײʶȥӡ
ѩæеţ
ʯȻȴûֹͣѩеСģ⣡
ʯͷһƣٸѾԹȥӿѪŸĳˣȻô
һ߶ŵ뽣âһŤͷ
ĽЦʦģѾȥˣٺˡ
ѩһе磬书
ʯЦ书ô书ǿҲ򲻹ˣ̫ˣ
ĽЦЦʦ֣ɿ˶ˣ
ʯһһҡͷǵûС
ˣǶǾϲ⣬ҪûʦֵġĽЦ
ʯҡͷΪȻЦЦʦ̫Сˡ
ĽЦƾ书ʹ򲻹ˣҲӵõȴƫƫװɲ书ģմʦ֣к⣿
漴ҡҡͷҲض˵ֱӰǷŵǾˡ
˵̤ʯߣ˲䴩Խ˵⽣Ӱһƣһ죬һһ
ʱ˳ȥ̤ǰһֱ˵ؿڣæӭ
顱һ죬ֱֱɳȥһ߳š

Ľ編ʩΪһһת۹˷׷أһڵ϶á
Ľİҡҡͷǿɳڵģ
ͨ˵ܹȷǿɳŵģʹȣ־Ȼڵġ
ʯŵĵĽʵû뵽ԼսµĶ֣ʦܸǰ˲һ
Ľתͷʦ֣ҿɲǹⲵ档
ʯæڰ֣ﻰʦҸ˻أǽźˣϲɺء
ĽЦŵͷʦòҲŵţδĽһǴʦֵġ
ʯЦЦʦ⻰ҿɾͷˣδʦܶ
Ľͷ岻ݴǡ
˸ǰһӣŪѺǿɳڵģǰɻ˰ɣ
ЦбĽŤͷȥ¶֮⡣
ĽЦһ£ˣǰأʦ֣ô죬ӲȥǸĵ
ʯ΢Цʦܾأ
ĽȻҪĵˣȻǰǻҪߣǲǣ
ʯЦͷΪʦܻӲء
ѩҲһҲôãûãʦûɵң
Ľûĵʦ֣ʦ㣬˵Ҳôɵɣ֪ɽлƫɽУ
ѩһۣΪţ
Ľ˽ˣߵĸôã
ӵˡʯ
ĽΪȻĵǶҪͨ籨Ѷģ򻢲ˣʡ£һ˰ˣ˲Ų˵
ѩʦܣܲɱ˾ͱɱˣɱɱȥûʲôô
Ľɱ˲ûôأʦ֡
ʯҡҡͷɡ
Ľε̾˿ǺðɣͷŹǣ

ȻһۣߣȻϣһЩ·ȴܱܿǰ档
׿ƥʩչṦУƥ򱻷ſһߣṦ·ۼûа취׷١
ʯ֪ĽҲûпУ˼ֻǼеĸ·˼ȻûȻᷢϢ
ɳŲǾҷʱ䣬Ƕ׷ģֻʱˣһЩصˡ
Ľһ߼һҡͷʦ֣˵ɱǵġ
ʯҡҡͷﲻǲɱΪ㲻Ѿȥ𣬶˶ԣѾǼĳͷˡ
Ľ̾ǻйǵ٣һΧǿɲһʴȣŹ
ʩչṦһ죬˰ʱ֣һС򣬾СЪϢһϣŸ·
ĽüͣѩƣģȴǲˣŤͷʯ
ʯЪһЪһҪϢһ
Ľҡͷʦ֣Ǽ治ء


680 ɱ
ٽ֮ǰĽʦ֣ʦ㣬ǻǸԮɣʦǴ˹ӦԼӦ
ѩһֱ·ȻΪǳʱϾѾƣ㲷·۵Ļ˺
ûĵĵȥˣҪԮ
Ľͷ֪ɳŵȻҪԮߣʦٳһοɳŵҲá
ţҲѽѩͷŤͷʯ磬ǴѶȥõæɡ
ʯ룬һǱܹ˿ɳŵأ
Ľæʦ֣ɲҪС˿ɳţңҪ·ģ̫ˡ
ʯЦû뵽ʦ㻹ϸģðɣǴѶɣ
Ľһûãʦ㲻ʧ״ʦֵĹǣһҪԮ̫š
ͷЩˣŹȻҪȫһߣŲǿЩġ
ѩЦðɣǽ֮˴Ѷһܾ͵ɽϵġ
ĽҡҡͷܾӲ̫в֮УǻǴĪӡ
Ķѽѩ
۵ÿ̱ˣĽ⻰ʱͷ
ĽʦʦЪϢһһȥЩԵģһˣҲôһʧݡ
һѩһۣѵ㱻סˣԼ⣡
ĽҡͷȽȥ̽գں濴ţһ̫࣬Ҫұˣ
һں飬Ц˵һľУһǶûεң
ѩһ£ӵ
ĽЦԼСЦ
ѩʯֿĽҧź촽ͷǺðɣһΣգҪǿ
ĽЦȻҪСģĪ¶
˵գתСȥĺɫҰãСе˼Ѿ˵ƣнȼյϢ

С㲻ϷȴҲļҿջҾ¥֡
С֮ͶޣȻȥһ¥˼̺òˣһԼĶӡ
һֱڸ·ҲǳԸﶼ쵭ˣҾ¥ĳһ㣬뿪磬ȴû̫õθڣֻܲݲݳһЩ㷵ؿջ
ǿҵֱСʱ޵Σգʱȴ֤ʵˣȷʵ˸Լ
ĽԾ棬ɳŵô󣬸ԼһЩؤнͷβСƦӣܲע⡣
ۣ֮˱٣ǲ˴ͷβӣһ˽һζ·һˡ
ССȴֲ֣߳棬ǲͬף֮Щ׺Եˣѷ
ĽüסԼѾݣ˷ֿˣ֮ôˣǿܲȷϡ
һ˵ɻأǣһǵע⣬Ƚŵǰ֧Ԯ׵⡣
η޾壬ȴƥ֮£һҲʶ˿ɳŵС
ص˿ջصԼСԺϥСǵһŻͣȼգԾţɫ仯ǰǻɫһ˿⣬ƣٱ仯ȥɫ̫ʱĽ⡣
תջ羭ĵķŻȡһ˿γһС飬ѭžת
תһ죬ŻɫΪɫڻƺʱϨ𣬱ɫ顣
ŻػУҲ֮һ䣬֮ɫȥƺҲһ֡
Ľһ۾·һ֣ӯһ֣Ǳ˺ܾ֮ڷһ¡

¶ЦݣűüԺѾʮˣ¹ˮǺɫװϣһ˫˫۾䣬Ϊ㶼ס
Ľһװ˯ˣɻء
һӺԺӺȻžһ죬һСʯ䵽ԺУһƬžһ׵Ͷʯ·
ĽᣬʮƮȻӹǽͷϢ䵽ԺУĽӰΧ
ĽҲûŶֻ֣ϣ֮۾ǵһһĬ¾û
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ϡ֮ܳ˳ȥ˾
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򵥣ȴֺֿݣֱֱȥһܣӵ񵲣ֱӱķ˳Ʋֱӿ˼ϡ
˷һҽУҹ֮ëȻ
ĽƲͿûʲô·ֺֿݣȴ˾ûһֱ档

Ǳʵ飬Ľ˶ƶ࣬ܳĽʱ롣
Ľȴ⣬ƾǵĳϣĻƹ˸ÿһƺһ㱡ϣ֮һжȥʮ֮˾š
䵽ĽʱѾȻȴûܸĽƤ⣬Ȼ
Ľϲû뵽ղϣЧһһŵĻ棬ʤǰʮ
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ĽЦһ͵ĳһƹ⣬͵˺˵ĳ
ཻȴûʲô˳ַ˳ȥ
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һʧԭأһ󣬻ӵն£ɫƥ¹¸ҫۡ
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飡󺺷ɳȥǽײû˻ΣƺҪ
Ľ׷һˣʩΪְһ˴ɳȥ׷ĸˣȴܵˡ
ųԶԶĸһˣһլǰ֮ۿ˽լӣ͵ڵء
ʱĸܵ˴ڡ
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֪޼ɵĹû뵽Ľֱȼ֮жʯ٣Ƶǲòâ
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飡Ƽһ˲ͬʱϮ
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685 
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ѩɫ԰ףĽʦܣҹȥ𣿡
ĽЦʲôҵģˤȥģǺǣʦ㺦¸ߣ
ôߣһˤȥǷǣ֮أ²ŹأѩһۣţӲ
Ľתͷʦ֣Ҫȥ
ƽЦʦãʦܣԼȥɣӽ쿪ʼҪͳˡ
ĽȻֻҪȥǱôԣ
ƽͷǣֻҪڹ²û˹Ǹʲôǰѹ²ˡ
ĽЦû뵽úãǾͺãʦ㣬ǹȥɣ˵ܳ£ȴҲûʲô
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ĽЦеĵҹȥԿ
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Ľˣڰֲĵ˹Ҳûʲôҵİɣ
˵մǰ˫̤ϣһҸһ̤ȥҡҡλΡ
΢΢һۣԺ룬ʱǰ·ģƽһĳһ߶ѣǵȥֱ̤ϣʲôΣҲûС
ѽΪʵֲʵ磬ʵǿľ֧š
ҲʹãԼŪʵãᵼң߻ħ
ֱַץסûȥģлͬʱ˫ϣһһ߳Ƚƽأһ̤ȥļƽλѾԺԶƣ֮Ĺõı¡

һһ̤ȥһ˶԰ѩǵأ
ƽʦãɲǵ㿴ʦ̤ҲΣ˲ã˺һľ磬ǽź
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ƽͷɱСһ֣˵Ṧļ̤УãʦⱾ£Լĥúһڹó
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ĽҡͷЦðɣҰ㣡
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Ľһֵ̯ôȥ
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Ťͷʦ֣ͷȥʦ
ѩȻæѽܱСӣʦ֣鷳ң
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뿪ˣĽЦʦ㣬ڱˣǹȥɣ
ѩһۣߵɵʵһ˸ղŴӦҵģ
Ľæͷ֪ŵˣ
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ĽǺЦã˵˵ϽٵһʦǾ͹ˣ
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Ľѩ󱳣˫ְ˫磬ʹĺ󱳸룬λá
ĽĴȣܾûζˣһ£æ˼ڲŮˡ
ɿһֻ֣ʦ㣬Ҫ㱧ˣȥ
֪ѩֻû׽ȵϢĽ󱳴塣
ĽһַȴȵߵмʱȻһ紵ͻأҡ
ʱһζĽ֮ζѩŵüһ˫§סĽٹ˲
ĽͣЦЦûµģֻһˣϲ
ǰƽأת۵˶棬ûܶѩæһԾ󱳣
ĿһؿڴղžŹȣ˵һ·ӦоҲ
ĽתЦʦ㣬ûʲôɣ
ѩһۣգʲô²׼˵ȥ
ĽЦҡҡͷָ棺ʦˡ
ƽӯӯ˶棬С㣬ʲôҪԷ𣿡
ѾͷҲңѩߵ
ʱС㣬ҲҪȥѽ
ƽ˵䣬ͷðɣҹС
˿ҲЩľƽЦʦܴȥǣˡ
˵ճĽҡҡ֣תζȥ

ĽȥȻɽߡ
䶸ɽȴΪƽ̹֣һЩʯɽмַ羰ɿ
ɽݣּԴˣɽһڳŶߣһϱߡ
ϱߵɽͣ粻ͣ࣬ƺڿߵɽȴů͡
ѩռ˶ߵɽϱߵɽƸĽ
ĽӦѩıһɽ칦²ãڳ˼䣬÷಻ȥ
ڵɽԼ׸ߣ׿ǿ涼⻬羵һЩʯʯٲȻһӼ֮
ɽ滹ʯңһһܿԳһ塣
Ů棬Ľ뷽跨ʯˣԭɽ
ĽűſԭɽԱһԭһ޶
ھӣÿ糿ʱ˴ţʱ䣬Ƕһд书̸˵ء
ÿ춼ҪȥһˣһЩϢȻ󴫵ݻʦҪףٹҪ뿪ǰɡ
ҪС㣬ȴ£ǽ廨ŵϢסˣȻ󴫹ÿǶۺܾá
۹УĽ⽫ԭǻһŮඥȻġ
̸˵رĽĽջ羭˵㣬罭Ӿ̣ʼͻͽѪ⣬ֻҪУȻ޳ɣ޻ǰѿ衣
ѩһֱ˵ҲһƬģ̫죬ջ羭ǽ֮ԽԽ
Ľȴ֮һЦҪҲ׵úܣѽջ羭Ĺȥնȶ򾭱ˡ
뷨Ƚջ羭ˣܲܽѣٷȥ޽նȶ򾭡
˽նȶ򾭣޳Ϲܲܳ
ף绹ûһЩӡ

һµʱȥĽĸоһ˲ѣÿپѩŮ̸˵ء
һڽû𣬲Ǹ˴ŶѣóʵͻͽѾ˻һ㣬ﵽѪ
ŻһȭͷСɫҲøƼ֣ǽڻɵ֭
ɫĻ治ͣķֳһɣתÿξһ죬صʱâһ֡
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̾Ȼѧж֮ȷʵ磬ǺС书ҲϹ
ڶϹЩĲˣջ羭ʤһϹ˷ëϴĹ
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ĽܿѩһˣȷʵЩ̫䣬ԼĵòѩأΣˣʵһʻţϣֲڵǺأԼˣҲñ

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ĽŮڰ֣絽˴
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Ľ˴ݵڵأţڰ֣ɣһµĹû˳Կࡣ
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Ľһæлţ
ȥɣ㲻Ҫ֣ӣһι£ûغˣֻһˣ
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ȥɣʦһߡڰ֡
Ľæ뿪££ҡͷ̾ʦ֣㲻ðһ͵µġ
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ЦðͽܱµСܴѩģ
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ҡҡͷҿŲ̫䣬ίѩ
ίʲôֻҪϲҲܣҵӦģԼѡһŲӸ档ڰ֡
Цʦ֣ǵǸŮҵ˼
㲻˵޼ɲϲѩɣȻʡ
̾˿ͷҿûأŮ֮顣
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ʦ֣ǹƽһЩôضһЩ⣬ĳԽͻˣЩطԽȱʧ޼ɣѧ֪֮֮ԶˣΪ˴һͯڵԵ֪ˡ
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ĽڽŵԵޱȣ˵̵һٶӣĵĪлᶨҪѵ
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ⲽ޼СһȻӹŹ֣ΪһƥѱҰѧݵ亱С
úóɳȥĽŵһַĪʹ֣ҲǾ֣˵С
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룬ɣǾͳȫһء
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һìܣҪԧ죡
ԧ죿ǳȫǲȫЦʡ
ǹˣЩҲĪ漴ȻҡͷʧЦʦ뼤ǵĸ飿
ͷЦⶫԽѹ֣ԽŭȻķһѻ𣡡
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ǺЦǺðɣһȥһжʦ
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ã԰ɡЦųȥˡ


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ĽŽСͤȥ裬һЦʦʲô£ɫأĪдˣ
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Ľַ²յһƨ棬ĵʲôȱѽҾԼͦõģ
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Ľţ±֮ҲмַߺޣȴˣղһȨǱҧһڡ
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ǰ˵̸ڳϺλ֮ӦֱʣѲɾ淨
ǽŵģӱѧģº棬޲ðĽ˿ʳ
Ů˵ĺı˸ǿģԸŪһ飬ݲú
ιŤͷʵﱻ£Ҳ𣿡
Ľûۣƺû
ʯתͷЦСʦۣܶ˶ؽˣոճ
üЦŶԭҲȥܸһҲܿ࣬ǲѽ
ʯЦǵ٣ǽŵĵǶĽ֮޲أ
Ľ۾εĵʦ֣ʦѽϿɲʦ㣬ʦأ
ʯЦҿСΪ䣬ȥֺһȢؼˣΪҵ÷ΰ
ĽûĵʦһԸſʦԶһЩأ
ŶʯüһЦͬ⣿
ĽߵʦʦԶһЩ룬һŵ˼ҪȻʦô˵
д㡭ʯţ̧ͷһİƣûʲô˵ģ췹Сõĳ谮ٷ
ֳ֣ģǺǡչƽҡͷЦ

Ľҡͷ˵ףʦɲǺúŪģ
ʯЦŰοƾĻֻŬǣһһ԰ģһɵģ
Ľε̾˿Կɡ
СӣһԸӣʦʦܿˣҪúһ٣ʯЦ
չƽЦܳɹɷˡ
˵ŻȻ¡¡Զת۹򿿽ƳУѻѻһȺ˳˸ǰ
ͣ£üǰȺˡ
Ⱥͣʮ֮⣬ס֮һȵɫۣһ׳ִԲ˫ʨˡ
һ񳣬ƮƮмɷ֮
ǰʿںеƥһͬΪ֮ѹ˴
ӶмֲʣӢ£Ͼû棬ǳչƽ볣üҲɫ΢䡣
ʯɫ糣תͷһĽĴǰˣɫ΢΢һЦ
ߺȻ쳤Ц޵ģּɽתˮת
ޣôĵӣǽŵĵؽ磡üߵ˫䡣
޹ЦӾǹˣǽΣĸ޼Сһ
ߵ
޴ЦȻʦܱඣ޵ģҹ֣
Цкβɣ
ްڰֵαȡ裬Ҳ֪Ҷ֣
ĽǰߣĵʦɱţСɫ˱ǣ
ףСӵõѵ޼ɣ´Ľ


689 ˵
ĽС޼ɣ
޹Ц̤Ь٣ȫѹ޼ɣǿɳǷɱ㲻ɵģ˵Ҳɱڵĺλԣ
Ľĵͷš
ǺǣҲŹ㣬СʹоҲһ·޵
ĽбЦЦѵѳţͶǿɳţ
ǺǣСӴ޸ƴЦ
ĽЦЦǿɳܱ֤ڵ˲Ѱ𣿡
Ϸϣظ
Ľҡͷɲѳ˽ţҪɱҵģҲҪɱңô֪ǿɳǲˣƣ֣СҲĵʵ׾ӵúţ
ЦҲҡͷʧЦ
ǺЦޣ㻹Ը֪˰ɣСֻƭƭС
üĽСӣˣҰɣ
ĽͷڿˣûǱ
٣ããǺõЦһƮЦҵҪúûһ㣡
Ľĵ˵Ҫ˰ɣ
˲ģϹ°ɣ
ǺЦջģղɲ˵
Ҳ棬ĽСӣǲ򣿸Ͻģݵن
ĽתȭʦʦҸֽһΣ
תͷ磺ʦܣ㿴أ
üϿǿɳĸ֣㲻Ƕ֡
ĽЦеĵʹǶֽ֣һǺõģҲһ¿ɳ书֮
һۣɫƶ뵽ľ֮£ͷǺãҪСģ򲻹ˣ
ĽЦʦ̫û
Ťͷתޣϣ롪

޲˵һȭ˳أһСɽѹж֮ơ
ĽҲһȭͷ˸ŽƵĹ⻪
飡ƺһһ
޲ĵĽţۻ֣ɳͬ٭Īû뵽޼ͽӵסԼһȭ
һȭŻȴʮɵĹһ̽Сƫƫ֮һȫһܳ䲻⡣
ĽҲˣջ羭߲㣬ǻԣ綼ţҲţ֮Զʤˡ
ջ羭ƽ书ķͬ٣뵤󣬽ջ羭ٶ죬ֻҪ뾭ܹݵ¡
ˣһչƽ볣üȴԾʯҲ棬޿ɲһĳϣ˿ɳһĸ֣Ҳŵؽ硣
Сӣ޴Цһٴһȭ
Ľĺߵ
飡ֻһը죬ƺŻһΡ
Ľߵ
˺һǰȭ磬˲䵽˻޸ǰ޳ӭ顱һ죬ͬʱˡ
ĽϽ⣬ƺһϼ£ۼ·üʱɴ
Ҳ붢Ľ˵еķʱ࣬ǿҵȴǺ
üҡͷ֪תջ羭ȭ
ͷȻɢת۹ڡ
Ľߵ
һȭ˲䵽˻޸ǰƮƮһӭϣʱ䰵Խп࣬ȴܲӲ˱ܡ
飡ͬʱһ
ĽЦһʩչȼϹ⻪һȫڣɫӽǳͭɫͭ
һȭüһȭƺȻȴһŻա
ӲͷƤעȭϣӭȥ

飡һεƺУ޷˳ȥ类޴ʯͷײϣֱֱɳʮԶ
أ˼ѾѪա
ĽȭϽϼ⣬ϼⱩһ£ٴʧָ糣
ȭϣˣ
һĵ֮ȻһѪȥݵһס
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ҡҡͷɫһɷף̾ʦܣ²Ϊɡ
ãߵͷ̧ͷһ磺ˣٵ̣
˵һ֣ߣ
ʿתͷ뻮һƥܵǸǰ߱ŻƮȥ
¡¡УƳɢȥǰָƽ
תͷȥĽȴɫƣǽֽһ㣬ĿɢȻʧȥ˽ࡣ
СӣһĽ󣬻ơ
˼ʹٱҲóһܾˣĽһЩˣ˭ܵ˸ȴ˵ˡ
ӲɳŻޣŪһܾˣν˲ˡ
涢Ľɫɫָ˿̧ͷʣʦܣôˣ
ͷãֻ΢ˣûд󰭡
ûá泤һ
ϺǺЦӢ۳꣬϶úܣһ޵еӣϳһʹ죬ûǸǰˣ
ͷ鷳ˡ
Ц޼ον˴󹦣ҪһӵϣҪԿġ
Ľ΢ϼ⽥֣ԽԽ˸ԶܸоȵϢ˺
ҲƺˣĽ޼⻯羭һˣ
߲㡣
Ȼ߲ˣСӣ֣

ޣʲôķ죡Ͽʡ
չƽ볣ü䡣
ЦҲ޷ǽŵķ֮һջ羭
ջ羭ԭǽնȶ򾭡ϻȻЦֲҲϵء
Ц˾ǽչ٣ǵĽնȶ·Ӳͬû뵽ǿ󡣡
ȷʵˣϵͷɫࡣ
û뵽ջ羭˵˵޼Żûһ꣬ҲǴͶʦ츳
ܻΪһ̸һջ羭߲㣬Ȼ츳ߣķҲ޹ϵ
ǽŵĵǶջ羭ʹ޼ɣҲ㾪ˣ֮б֮أ
ˣϵȹ̣ϾҲǶɣҲҪȡԼĵλġ
ԼһӣĽԽԽԶʮףΧڵУֹ˰͵Ϯ
ɢϢԽԽңϵϼҲԽԽʢĿ֮Уֱ̫á
ǱƲѲˣһֱʮײͣס
ԼʱĽϵϼȥȵϢҲɢȥϼȻĽ壬ۡ
Ž£·˵꣬ĿԵģĪת۾ֱӡ
ĽʦʦϣҲҪˡ
絽ģƴȥƬ̺Ƶͷţûдˣջ羭Ч
ĽͷЦǰ߲㣬Ŀ죬ֻҪת飬ʲô˶Ȭ档
ţԺҪúԺ󼸲ͷ

ЦҪлҪ˻ޣǿȫˡ
ĽȭЦϽ޼ɾǣ¿Ժʦֳףɾһ
Ǻǣ⵹٣ãҾͽ޼ˣˬʵĴЦСӻǴ˻ޣָտɴ
Ľ˼ͷô⻪޺
ɳһĸ֣˵ϵӴֵܵù
ĽҲˣ˽£ȭͷϣжȥ˴󲿷ֵҪȻҲܲסġ
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˵˵ЦЦһƬɡ
չƽ볣üһۣʯʯЦеģĻϲ֮ɫ
üߵʯǰЦһ֣Ͳв֮λ
ʯһȻ˻
üЦôȥһΪŵĵһ֣ǽŲΨǾѡţȻҪѡ书ǿġ
ʯЦͷŵ书Ȼ̫ġ
㿴书ҪǿˣȻ֮λûˡüЦĵ
ʯЦҲû취ʦţҲûʲô飬ǽǿʢֻиˣ
ģüЦ
ʯɫɲҹ֣ǽŵſɲʲôҸף˵һۣ֮ܵܵĿԶǳ󡣡
Ŵ˽أȷʵ˾塣üɫ
ʯЦʦصҿǰͲãţҸϲһϣڣʵڲ
üЦЦٶ˵ʯתͷĽǱߣĴ˸ǷȻٸǶ˵ˡ
ҡͷЦЦʦ书ǿȥţȱݣᣬ⣬ǿţҲӦֻ»͵͵ߡ
ֿһ۳üλʦ̫ܲѺأѲɵҲѹ֣ʦӣ̫׵Ůˡ

·ƽˮһûвǸ·һֱûŵĵؽ硣
ʱһǣݳλڶǣ󺣣ˣˣʹﷱ쳣
ǴϳŽȥһָұһ¥Цһûģǰûҿջġ
˵͢׼һ˺ҪˣںܶõϢѾռˡ
ŶȻ͢Ҫˣ
Ц˼ˣһֱû¾ģվҪģҲã˵һЩСǸ
ҡͷͲңЩСҲ{ӣ˵鷳ҿӦأ
ҡͷ̾ⷽĵģЩС̫⣬Ʋţ͢߹ٶغĴˡ
Ľߣı۾ʹǽ˳ǣҲۣ˯ȥһ㣬ʵϲʱһϼ֪
ǰԳֲ书֮죬ȫ츳ߣݿޣʱ޿̲͵ס
ܣһʹ࣬͵סĽƫƫܵˣ¸пɨһΧӣǶ۶˷ܣٿĽۣΪ
ĽȻ۾нǽǵһСԲȦ˿ı˫ۡ


690 ͵
ڵݳڣзãλڳλãһĸլȥһ̣Ϊɡ
ǰһ䳡䳡Ǵ滹ԺӣլһǺ԰
һˣʮ꣬ʮ꣬ϴ£һʶһ·ףĥһ´˽ı¡
ÿ˵ǳɳƾп书ǲɵģҪں쳾һЩ£ĳ
ǵĳ书ҲӰ죬ʶԽ̣ǻԽߣĿԽԲڣϳ书
ƾһ˱ſ书ʵѣԽŲŸãЩλΪأǼ֮Ǽƶ֮أǻ΢֮
Щطŵĵӻ̵ʱ䣬õĴ˵Ĵ顣
ЩӶڽɽϴңѧȫ˽ŵ书ɽʼ
Ľ㣬ûʸɽҪר־书ѽŵ书˲ųɡ
ķкӢܣǸӢ꺺ӣ棬ȴֱʦ״ӡ
ĸߴӣ߱һ˫ü˫Ӣ˲ʹЩ⣬ޱ߷Ӣ
վڴլ֮⣬լӣһٶӰڳţȻĽˡ
ĽǱ˫ۣۣ֮ѾˣȴûǺȥ
Ӣܣ񣬴ǽȥɡڰ֣΢Ц
ӢܳЦʦʦ壬ǰ룡
ãǰͷ·ɡֵ
ǡӢܹתһ֣৵ķֳţóطͨ·Ҫɱһ㡣
ĽʮԾԾԣǲĵǣ˵ǰȴǱȥơ
Ľ磬ǰͷʯ볣չƽ볣üڵڶţʮγţ̤˴լ

ŵûеСģ̤һγɵԾУ䣬ס˹ֿ
ǺǡȤϴΧˣЦҡͷǸѽ
Цŵס㣬Ǹǵأ
ǸЩСһġЦ
ǻǰΧɭɭӰ죬ȴĽĸߣ۾ˣȴţƺû˯ѡ
ӢܿһĽ棬ȴûмʣʯͷЦЦŴ˴
˴֮ſվסڰ֣Ƕȥɣ԰Ҫͣ졣
ڵӴӦһ׷ɢȥˡ
ӢܰѼԼʯһţĽĩģƺڴ˯
ӢܺȥЦ޼ɣͣһͣλӢܺʦְɣ
Ľۣ˫۸һŽȼԾȥˣȭʦ֡
Ӣһеæȭ񣺡ؿ֪ʦǡ
Ӣܣʦյĵӣ޼ɡ
Ӣһ漴Ȼ֣ԭʦܣ
ĽͷǿЦЦȴٶ˵
ЦôӢҲ˵޼ɵĴˣ
ɲӢܺǺЦüɫ裺һǽſǴչ磬Ҳһüһ
Ǻǣ⵹Ҳǡ渧ЦһֱĬĬʵʵǿʵ
ʵиֲ࣬Լһˣʦܣ׿ѹһͷ
Ƚҵ͵¶ףӲðգƽʱɵĹϵҲŽΪˡ
ڽŵڣɲ̫ݡ

Ӣ̾ĿĽЦ˵޼ʦӢۣһȻ鴫ʦʵᣡ
ŵʦܲɱ˿ɳŻһ磬ڵĺλԣҲǸոϢģǲģ
ţʯѩһŪġ
Ӣ̾ϢһʦˣǶܶһˣôѩʦأ
СӣŶ˵ԼˣЦҡͷ
ЦǴ⣬ٺ͵Ĵǿ׹ˣαǫ顣
ӢҡͷЦٴȴɱ˻һλԣ
Ľ΢۾ƺǺѡ
˵һĽȻڣҪȥתתʹĴӦˣȴס
ĽæʦİɣҲµġ
粻תͷʯǵʯһһιغ£鷳
ǣʦ塣ʯЦŴӦ
üæһ
ţȥȥɣ֣ͦӣҲҪСĵϰڰֵ
Ľһ˳˴լߵݳǵĴϣˮ֡
ʦܣȥʯʡ
Ľ룺ʦ֣뵥תһתҷֿתΣ
ɡʯȻܾЦеĵʦܣĪȥСˣҪһ˲ɣ
ü֣æͷѽʲô˵£
ĽûĵԼ¶ܵ
㡪üʱһյĵ
ʯЦʦãظһʶʦܣʦйһϹ䣬Ҫġ
ĽʦҲ֪
ʯҡͷɲɣ۸ʦ壿
ðɺðɣǸž͸ŰգĽε̾

ĽǵһջǰϳŵĿջи˿ջףɼ
Ľ˿ջ棬ֱӸƹ˵ҪȥŷƹĴǼۣһĻƣ˹ȥ
ƴǵһ䷿⣬ţСĵ͹٣㡣
ʲôѽһ
ʯһĽĽ¶һ˿Ц
˵һλƹĻش
𣺡
˵ŷˣ¶һŮòƽƽı͸˵ӣһ֭
ʯü˿ʶĽֱӵʦ㣬ǹȻ
ŮһЦСӣȻҪģʦ֣гӳǶɡ
˵һȻ˽
ͣŵ㣬е¯Ʈ˿˿Ƶ̣ɢ˵㣬徻
е¯һŰ齣գһԲīֽ⣬ΧǽһЩɽˮ˵ıīм֮ˡ
ʯ
ЦԼ׵ݣðɣ
ʯǺЦѩļ־裬ҲһˣҪڴϣϵģ
ЦǿǣС˵ݣѧˣܳأ
˵ɣȻһ߳һλŮӯӯ˸ǰˮò绨ӳˣѩ
Сãʯü֪֪
ѩҡҡͷһ͵ɽģӦ֪ˣѾš
㡭㡭ʯָûĵ㻹ȥ°
ѩЦһǰһֱΪ¶أʵôȥȥûʲô˵ġ
ߣһ˵ûʦһˣ㻹ܲôڣʯûĺߵ
ðأѩЦпĽ
Ľæʦ㣬û⣬ҽȥˣ

漴¶ɫҡҡͷ̾ʦ㣬ҿǱ˽ģ׼ټ
׼ټңѩһҡͷʲôѽ
Ľ˽飬ͽֹټ档
ģѩŵʡ
Ľصͷʦ˵ˣߣһŵ⣬һǾ䲻ʦ㣡
һġѩڰ֡
Ľ۵ʲô᣿
ʲôŮ˽ѽϹҪѩ
ʯҡͷЦĽֿѩЩڸˣǵһ顣
ң߻ųչƽ볣üһ鴫￪ȥЦˡ
æ
˵ʯСãǵ֪ˣһģʶȤĻȥ
ѩҡͷҲȥ
ʯһ˰׽ȥģʱ򣬿ûô˵˵ȹ¸ʮ겻׼ɽأ
Ľɫһ䣬æʦ֣Ųôɰɣ
ƽʱǸƢģһɲὲ棬ѩ᲻ôɣʯߵ
Ľѩѩ죬ͷ
Ľæǻǿȥɣǻţ
ѩһۣСʲô౻㼸ˣûʲôˣҾ֣
ʲô֣ʯü
һɩӭѩЦӯӯĵ
ʯæòæɽϲͼˣ
ǿɲһѩҡҡͷЦ֮Ҳȥģ
һʦʦ壡ʯߵ

ѩߣңҪǣٲˣ
ĽƵľ֣ɣȥʦʦǰʦŪȥ
ѩת۵ĽСӣ
ĽߵҪǲȥһˣǱŮƫ㣬һҪģ
Сǲʦѽѩǰϴһȭ
ĽͷΪʦİȫ룬ֻôɣ
Ժˣѩߵ
ĽҲҪôɣ
㡭㡭ѩָָҲúãһƬϲ͵͵һû뵽㾹Ǹͽ
ĽһһԲ
һĽӣʦܣѽ
Ľ俴һۣһԲ
ǿǻϲϲģҪ֪Ҫܣαطѽôأ
Ľһ̫ΣˣɳڶưոݣһһӲ̴򣡡
Σǲɣ
Ľҡҡͷתѩʦ㣬ǻȥɣ
ѩСӣܣҹҲٿ㣡
ĽһŤͷߡ
ѩضţıһӣСԲһΪ̣٣īֽ⻩һء
Сӣټ㣡е
ʯҡҡͷ˶Ȱûõģü볣չƽʹ˸ɫæȥСӣ
չƽԣüѩһʯɫһ³չƽû
뿪ˣüЦãαظǼһһʶ
ѩˣߵǲҪǿסң


691 ھ
üЦãҿǻȥɣСʧǻţҿſɲһˡ
ѩһʲô˲𣡡
üЦЦã֪ʦΪô𣿡
һֱƢǹ֣ѩһӿŭ޺޶˶š
üЦҿһοɲûԭģֻûˡ
ʲôԭ򣿡ѩʡ
üղŲ˵ˣûжŮ˽ģǲǣ
ǰģҵɹģǷˣѩߵ
üҡͷЦѽ⻰̫ˣǴģһɰʦ
⻰ûѽҿɲ˵ѣֻҪ˵ˣҲͲᣬֹһˣѩ
üЦãʦһһ棬ûбģ㲻ϲ
ѩЦʲôϲϲѽҿûô࣡
û뵽ôʦѽϲѽҲѹ֣òĸ˻᲻ϲüЦ
һָߵĳչƽ˵ɣ˵ϲ𣿡
չƽһæֵüôˣ
æ˵˵ҿóʦȷʵϲġ
ǱϹ˵ѩߵ
ЦС㣬ҲԼģͿѽͳСƢҪϲС㣬ŲڣͲͷĸ
ѩһۣѾͷʲô֣
ЦҲûʲôȻС㲻ϲǳСӣԺ󲻸һ˾ǣүĻԹãֻԹү̫ԵǷ
Ѿͷ̫ˣѩšһ¡
æ첲ܣЦҿС㻹һ棬Īϲ˰ɣ
Ҳ˺죡ѩ˹ȥæܡ

׷ܵ⣬ܵǼݣſĽЦͣ
Ƭ̺սִ׷˳ȥȻ⣬ԽȥԽԶιû
ü볣չƽȻʡ򣬶һæܳȥȴͲŮӰ׷̨ϣƹ˵ղСѾǮ뿪ˡ
չƽǺЦҡҡͷǻмС˼
﷭ˣüûĵһۣߵ磬ϲ𣿡
չƽҡͷģܲϲȴ֪֮ûʲôԵݵġ
㲻ȥ׷ô֪ûԵţüΪȻĵ
չƽ̾óʦϲģأȻһϲϾˮ¥̨ȵ£þˣȻվ飬ôԶûԵݵģ
üǴԹѽסദлģӢǸ޼ɿǿö࣬Ůһϲ㣬ϲòƽƽ޼ɵģ
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뿪˵ݳǣһգʱ֣һƬï֣ܵде߿ɲ죬ŨܷǳӹٵԿһ߱㱻ľסĿ⣬ȥ
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ĽЦЦûʲôģֻǳԵˣ

ʯһۣԵࣿ˵õɣǴСǹһ㣬ĳԹĥ
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˺ܿص˶Уǰߣ˵ǰͷ
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Ľͷˣûôֻ࣬ü򵥶ʵá
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ǾԿɣǽնȶ򾭣ǽջ羭治֪ܲܳɡ
ʯһֻҪһϣҪԵġ
һ߸·һ˵ٶȴƵģѾüӹˣѩһֱʯϡ
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ʪϵݸȴûͷһƬ飬üһƬ㲣ǰ޹⣬ƺҹû˯
˿㲣̾ϢѣһʱѣȴѾĥɼ˶ٵĿࡣ
ССãˣʯæʡ
ѩ죬ȴû
ʯæôˣ
ѩſ죬Ѹɬ³һ֣ˮ

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ѩҲûĵһۣмɳƣʲôʹأ
Ľָ֪оҧһһΣ
ʲôӣѩæʡ
Ǳʹĥˣ޲ðԼɱ˲źã
ĽԼԼѾ뿪壬վͷǰ壬ʲôʹ춼ˡ
𣿡ѩʣӲ̫ס
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ѩʱɫٱ䣬ٵȼ죬һھɱأنϽģ
óʦݺݵĵĽ
Ľתͷʯ磬棬ʯæСãҲǲ֪ڵľ̫ڵģ˵ʦҲûգܿûõģ㲻ðգ̼ɡ
磬ͬζϿĿ̸ɲǧиʹ࣬Ĳˡѩҡͷ
ʯüôܣ
˵ŤͷĽ˫Ҫɱһ㡣
Ľתѩʦ㣬ûʲô˵ģһʹˣˣ
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⡭üɣת棬ѩΣûǲҪѨ˵ʲôˡ
Ľͷʦ˼ȫ
룺ǾʹһСȭԿɡ
Сȭ˶ɻ
Ľ˵Сȭء
ѩæһ£ǲͶҽ˲ֻҪܹʹ࣬ôԶɡ
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ϺǺЦҲһƬ̫Ͽˡ
Цҡҡͷʲôʱʡš
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ڶʱѾûôˣʱѾࡣ
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ûã챣ӣĽЦɨһʯʦٲãʦɱҵĶˡ
ѩһʯЦ
ʱҲˣѩȥϸ˵ҲʼСȭѩβࡣ
ڵӿ֮󣬶СȭԽһֱ˵Сȭȭ򵥣ȴûʲôоҲûô
ѩΣ֪ʦ˵û

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ڶ峿ʱ֣ĽѩڵһСԺСȭ
ҰջΪһҪԺӡ
ڵԺӣʮ˷ֳԺӼ󣬼һլСԺҪʮˣڿ̡
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Ľýջ羭Ů˹ЧΪ棬ʹʱʧָ
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̫ɽףдеһƬǰѾһȺվȴź̳ǰͷۣΧһ˴ӵŶˣȺǹ¡
һԲֶնյģһźһݸƽ͵΢Ц崺硣
ĽԽԽʮףǰȭǺЦ
Цϯʦܣʦܣ
ʦ֣˱ȭЦӯӯȻʶģһϤ
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ѩŤͷһۣŭָݣ޶ˣ˵Ƿ֡
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ϯ΢Ц޳ϹˣСء
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Ҳ죬Ȼ˵ʲôٶʷΣҿɽϱʲô֪ˡ
濴ɫһԣ˴΢һӭ֮²̫˳ˡ
ԭӦ֣бڣֵӭɽŶԣǰȴûУֻһӭԭڴԶ
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ǾǣĻһϯ˳æĵͷҲ˲ףȴûж˵˽λ˵Ϊ
չƽûüȴˣĿɨɨȥʦʦǵΣƽȴ͸һֹŹ
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һ߶һ߻ȭȭȭŻƹ⣬ǰײ̩տȴ
ÿһȭɢųϢ˹ǳûӰ죬Χ¶ȴǽˡ
ϯϹ˳϶ԿһۣԷеľ棬û뵽ĽĹ
˵Ľ£ɱ˻һ磬ɱڵĺλԣȻ˲õӢܣ֮Щʧ
ʹˣᣬ֪ˮɶ˲ò࣬òȡ˺ĸ뷨޼Ӧʯһǡ
ŷ֣òƽƽҰʮһӻСӣѳɴ㣬ʹ书ĳɾҲޡ
ɱ˻һλԣίʵţҲйƣӦ
Ȼŵ书Ծʤʤɣȴûֻ̫࣬ΪĽǽҶѡ
Ľ֣֪С޼ɣȴʵʵΪԼľթ
ͣΪ˵ǾˣʹùʲôԹҩ˾Ҳ˿๦ġ
ľ̶ǿ๦û˿ȡɵĿܡ

ס֣ͳϺȻϺһ
ĽŤͷȥȴһȭȥʱ̩ǲ̫һͳϵĶϺȣʶӣʽ
Ľһȭ޻ɵײȥͳû뵽㣬ҪѾˣĽȭͷ̫졣
飡̩·𱻾ʯײУֱֱɳȥͳϹ˲ʰĽٿһڼ̩֮
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Ľҡҡͷջȭͷ̾벻Ѱ
סЦô£ĴҡͷѣⲻǴ̼ͳϣ
Ѽ̩ú޻֮ʾһ˶ͳ϶ϣǿǺʤġ
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һۣվĽǰɫء
ͳޱһУȻưոݣһҪӱġ
ֻż̩Ҫ
ĽʤˣȻǳһճȴһɱ˼̩鷳ɴˣǲݵĴ
Ľߵİգˣڴɸһصľˣ
ҡҡͷôһ书˼ҫ̫һڶţ
ͳ̩̽̽ƣջֺվ˫΢УĽһ˲˲
ĽһЦôͳҪѵһ𣿡
һͽͳϵɨһ磺Ҫ𣿡
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ͳϵ̫һϺòÿ޳һһ䣬ǿҪӻ
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ãǽŵ˶éʯͷֳӲøǶ˵һϰɣͳϵ
ˣҪǴս
ͳЦôˣ
ĽȻڵʦл˵
ŤͷСӣʲô˵
ĽΪ˳ۣ޲ΪԼĵӣӲ书ָߣǽŵĵӣ
ĽЦеĵɱţԸ϶һӣ򲻹ʦʦٳ٣Сģϵٳ֣̫һôɣǽҲҪ
Сӣ㻹ЦóЦ
Ľ̬ȻһɣҲƽһѣʲôµġ
Ȼǻĺصʱдη壬ǣ
Ľʦգ
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ĽЦãС֣һ̫һڵ书أ
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Ľô֪ʦİգһ򲻹ٳֲ٣ʵڲУ֣⸸ˣʬ𼣣˵ûˣ
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Ľ̫һΣ书Σô۸Żʲôζսһ̫һڵףҲǺ۸ģ
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ͽ³çֳ嶯֮죬Ҫ
ɨһǣȴĿ˸ڼͳɨɨȥƺЩĶˡ
Ľ̤ǰ϶գ

Ȼһƶʱһ䣬·һˣ˲Ȼɫ䡣
ϵЦȥĿ⽥Į壬ĸһһɢƣǰȽȻͬ
ָоΪ죬﷢ë֪ʩչһطҲͬСɣɽ֪öԸ
ͳϵͷãҵҪ㵷ʲô
̤ǰȻһѾĽƮƮһĳϢȡ
ĽһŤһȭ
һȭɢĽ⣬ȸղŵĹâЩۣȵϢ˾˵ĳ嶯
ҪԼıˡ
飡ȭཻƺ߰ѩæ϶䣬ǺѪӿǰһķڣҪԹȥ
ǡʱĴһϢѸһȦƽ˷ӿѪָѡ
ŤͷһƣӭЦ԰ûɿҡҡͷʾⲻ˵
ѩͷû˵תȥĽȴĽɬͣ͸׾һͷܰ㣬һȭһȭȭͷһŻɢĽ⣬ɢȵϢ
ͳȴһỊ̃ĽͣתƮĪ⣬ʱطһ˷ʤ
üͷ˿ĽѾ˶ʮȭͳڲͣתȦƮ塣
һʱû⣬ŤͷɨһΧȴü볣չƽվһϣϯϰųչƽģ˳ųüųУϴž顣
ŤͷʯҲ档
Ƕ̾ԼĹܲס޼ȴƾű׾Ķ֧һֱüͳϵ֣֮
ʢ֮ʿ޼ɵ򣬵ݾ׼̾Ϊֹ
ʦܣһͽܣĽĵ
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ʦҲ̫̰ˣʮȫʮģ׿һӣûĺ£
ţҲǣҲˣ̫𡣡ͷ
ЦŶĸƢû˵Դʧ츳Ҳûȥˡ
ͷѣ漴ҡҡͷǿˣҪһֱУһСľҪ£ƽ¡
ǺǡЦҡͷȷʵµģһǾǴ£̫һڣ֪δء
飡Ȼһ죬ըֱѪӿ
ˣʯһЩǿܹӦѩ볣չƽüȴɣȫ˵ܱѣûԹȥ
æȥȴĽȭͷͳϵཻͳԿ
ףԿǲˣСӺһԤУȻʽûԼĿ죬ȴԤжϣ̫ͨһڵ书һ㡣
˸о˱ÿһʩչûȫʩֵȭͷѾҪǰʽʩչ꣬ҪԼײȭͷ
һֻܰ;Уÿһжʩչ꣬ȥһԼѪʽ
֪ȥĽʲô书ԼͰԼˣֻиıһ;
Ȼʼ仺ĽǰͬƮƮһĳĽӭϣȭཻ֮ʺȻС
Ľֻǰһ顱һ죬ؿһƣŴڵɳȥֱӷɳ˴
ƮƮڿת˫Ȼжȥڵľ

ʦܣѩһֻǰƹһĽѾɡ
ҪȥȴסãæŤͷʦ壬ʦ
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֪ĽѾѽջ羭߲㣬ǰµ˵Ҫƿ£Ҫڰ˲Ϊ
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һƿĽ£Ҫڰ˲һΪųɣʦֲڰ˲㣬ͳǿȴѷʦһ
վڴ棬ЩģŴڿڴĽǾҵطЪϢ
ĽȻײɳǴǾ棬ſֻĽ˫Ȼ֮ƮƮء
æʦܣʲô
ĽƳһۣһʧˣֻ֣ͣڰգ㵵һ
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ĽӡϣȻһȭȭӲӣƽɡ
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Ľ䵽ſλãͳš
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Ĩһǣ˫޹⣬ֽһ㣬˵ľ·ɢˡ
ʦǳ˳¶һĨ΢Ц
籧ԹСӣοƴ
ĽҡҡͷЦǽŲܱ۸ٺ٣ٺ١
ЦҿӿѪľѪʵڲ
˵䣬ʲô˺˵æ
˹ģҪĽһ֮ڣţ뺣Ӱ٣̽Ρ
ΣֻһϴڣˣĲͣ³ʵڲԸʵոδ֮ǣת۱Ҫȥ

Ľҡҡͷʦҵǲܺˣٺ٣ռ͵ҲãҲҪ
ݵú˵˵䣬ϽҩӻȡƿһųѪĵ衣
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Ťͷȥüæһչƽ磬ȥ˵Ŵһžת굤
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һų֣ϯϹ˳볣ϣеĶĽӼۡ
ջƣȭ֣صܴ¾ת굤¸м
һʤ߼ŻͷӻóһĴָССƿĵתһָͷСĳС
һ󣬶ʱɫ鿪¶̵С裬ȸղŸС֣ʱӿֻ֮һ壬ë׽Կ˼֡
һϢ֪Ǿҩſ˿̵С裬͵Ľߡ
ĽȻȴһֱޱȣ˵ҲȴɢңҪˡ
£ƫƫѣȥعⷴһ㣬ѩԴ顣
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Ľ˿ߵС裬̧ͷ΢΢һЦлţ
ҡͷ΢Цûʲôģ˵л֮ֻҪ£ǣֻܷġ
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ſ˱С裬תͷ棬磬ѩϣ΢ЦʦĪޡ
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Ľ΢Цʦ㣬˵ģİա
㡭㡭ѩ˵ǰץ֣˲ñ˵Ŀ⣬׵ϣԼ
ĽЦЦֶԳüͷ¶л֮⣬Ȼһ۾쵹ѩ

ʦܣѩһæķģ˾ת굤ֻҪûܱס
æѩˣ޼Ǳסˣɵľת굤ɲһĵҩ
ѩʣģ
ͷҲͷŵĴ治֪αźã
ЦЦǳűһң޳ϲؿȥϢϢɣ
ռ͵ļһˣЦʡ
Ȼ˾ת굤Ľ㱣סˣһ־˷ܣռ͵Ŀһͷ̫һڵĳϣȻнһӣ̧ͷˣ
΢Цѽûʲô󰭣ֻҪ¾ͺá
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ҡͷЦʹãûʹô֣ת徵أһˣ鷳ˡ


698 Ϣ
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ðЦŵͷɣü۽ǶЦ⣬Īڴˡ
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ʯѩĽסͬһԺӣҪչĽ
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֮£ˣԵʣ̫أ̽ף˵Ϊˡ
˵һȥϱԶɻȥƽʱʱԼʱţķԶתһȻı
뵽ҲһתȻûʲô⣬ֻʱ䵽Ȼѡ

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ļæܹȥĽϣϥ˫۾˸
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ѩڴߣĻϲĽͣҪ׽ÿһϸ΢ı顣
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ѾĽһȥͷ¶Цݣˡ
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Цһ£ǸˣȷʵҪúлл˼ңʲôĿģǾһġ
ĽЦһ£ʦҲŵ⣬ԼǷ̫ˣǷ˼һ
ԼҲóĵҩв飬δĳԶ档
һɵǿʢȻҪڶ˲ţҪһ֣ܳµһ֣ȻԴһɡ
־ĺһ㣬岻ʵ˲
һ谭Ӧж⣬û򴦴谭ʲô˶ҧһ
ԼٶȣδɳΪĸ֣ٽε鴫￪ȥ˶֪ԼǷһȻԽƶΪ
ʹƣҲܽԼϾǷ˼һʲô鶼֣ܿҪæġ
еϵ½һ֮䡣

һ꺮ůĽЩͷˣȥţֻѩȻѾˣϾû´ˣȻҪȳһЩųɡ
˵ĹѾòˣ뿪Ѿãѩź࣬Ľ˴߶
СԺһСȭȻţæȥţʱͣסԾ
Ľʵʦ㣬˭ѽ
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ѩһæĽߣǶڣֻԼʵڻʦȫ
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ĽһЦôͳϹʲôɣֱ˵գҾͲ볤ϺȲˣ
ؿͳһ֣ЦվǳˣҲûʲôãҪģ
ĽʲôϿЩ˵գʦʦҪ
ͳϵͷðɣõʲô򣡡
ĽǽŵĹ򣬽ջ羭ͳ˵ɣ
ͳһջ羭Ȼǽնȶ򾭣ǽŻнջ羭
Ľͷǽķ
⵹˵ֻǴû˵ջ羭ǽնȶ򾭣ô˽ջ羭ͳʡ
˴ʱ˵һˣѣ̩һĬȻʱɨһĽ
ĽȺŭȴ޿κΣ븸ܾˣԼܵһԩֻܺúһ

Ľնȶ򾭣ջ羭ҽķ˶նȶ򾭣ȷʵջ羭
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Ľ˵˵Ҳ޷նȶפջ羭ǳһܹ٣ӳԪһǡǡ෴һ㣬ȼԪ
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ͳЦЦСһɵúúûţ̫磬һεĳҪģ
ĽǺһЦҡͷͳϣȰͷʵʵİһεɡ
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Ľջ羭ȼԽԽ죬Ѿڵ߲ˣ˶ýڰ˲㡣
Ǻǡͳҡҡͷ书ֲǽŵĵû˸ѵǻˣ
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Ľҡͷô֪ûУ
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Ľ㲻ȷûУ˵УȻҪһԵġ
ѩһۣʵ⣬Ǻ޵ҪƴΪתۼܺͺ˵⡣
ŲʯŽԺеΣһĽǰ

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漴Цôҽһӻˣ㻹ɽϣûܵ
ͳϺߵʲôϷˣ﷭Ҳʲôϡ°գô޳ҪȻȻ
ȻȻϷ㲻ɣߵ
Ľʦͳʲô书ģѾ˼ͳϣûʲôˡ
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ЦϷûгϢ£ռ͵ģﲻӭ㣬ϽĪһ֣
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ĹһЦҡͷҵҲ뿴̫һܵã
ã͵ŰɣͳЦһŤͷߣߵſʱȻסתĽ޼ɣһ֮һȥģ
Ľͷãʱ򣡡
ͳϵúñأˡ
ĽǺЦЦðһСĵģҲˡ
̵ֽ̩ģͳϵ
̩޼ɣ֮һֽ̣
ĽЦðʱǸ
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ͳϺߵɳҪֹǽţڸϻȥҲ֪ܲü


699 
ĽЦҲЦˡ
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ĽҡҡͷлͳϵϢ֪ˡ
ΪηЦͳϲõĵ档
ʦ㣬Ѿ׼ǻ룬Դȥأ
ͳϵԭˣǼʹ׼Խֵ֮ܵסɳڵ֣
ǾĿԴඣȻЦ
ͳϵͷǺãҾ͵ſˣ
˵תȥ̩ɨһĽĿ˸ĽЦЦ뱨𣬲ʮġ
̩ҧιһһת뿪ˡ
Ŀ뿪ҡͷ޼ɣСһָأʲô˵ûҪǳˣ
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ҡͷӣûģ̫һǸӳͷֱˣ
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渧Ц˼ǣ˼ҵҪԾˣԺˣҿɲ飬ǹǹܵ
ĽεĿ磬ʯʦ֣οɰһæԺҪհǻر
ʯǺЦðһ
ػ￪Ȼŭ޲ǰƴĽҲͲٷϣ̸Ц硣
ĽݻΪۣԼûô󷽣ûôɢģҪԸ˲ųɡ
ٹҪˣ޼úһȥ·Ҳ̫ƽˡ
Ľظʦİɣûģ
ߵҪ⣬ʹɳڲ֣Ҳбĳңǽŵĳҿɲ٣Ҫһʧ
Ľͷ׵ģ

Ƕȥˣ׵ϸڣԺֻʣĸˣĽʯѩ
ĽһСȭʯԣȻҿʯ֣ʯ״ս档
ĽŲŲƨߣ֣ʯЦŴչʦʲôϡŹֵͷ
Ľʦ֣и⡣
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ʲôʯʧæһԾĵĽ
Ľæңѩڶľ裬æŮЦЦڰֵûʲôûʲô
ŮüĵһۣȻæϵĲ裬Ҫ׼Ļ򣬲һ
Ľѹʦ֣Сֵģ֪֪õ֪
ʦܣˣʯѹ
Ľҷʲô㲻һû𣿡
ʲôûᣬù𣿡ʯѹøͣƴݷġ
Ľͷù
ʯǰܾˣʵǲռ͵һ
ĽҡҡͷЦ鼫Ϊ⡣
ô£ʯ飬Ȼ飬˵Īӣ
Ľʦ֣㲻׼߱ˡ
ʯҵ˨㾡ܷģ˵˵
ĽЦøջ羭һ㣬˵ڰ˲ˣ
ģʯŰɡ
ĽȻͷǺЦҲ˾ת굤ɵĵҩȻͬ죬ǳţ
СӻǡʯҡͷЦ

ֿĽҡͷЦѽ㡭
Ľ̾Ҳܾһ㣬ȫ֪ջ羭նȶԽԽ뾫һһ㣬ʮһֱڵڰ˲㣬ʼղܸһ
Ľڼ֮ڴӵִ߲ڰ˲㣬˵̫ˡ
Ľʦ֣㣬˭Ҳûߣ͵͵ǱȥѼͼҸӸɵٰл˭֪
ʯҡͷʦܣʹã
Ϊʹãһǻȥ¶أĽߵ
ʯ̫һڵֶ˷ʤǼʹ֪Ҳ֪̫ˣ
ĽЦЦݴţٴڵѣװбײΣ
ʯҡͷɲɣСŪɳ׾ʦܣ֪һй¶ʲô𣿡
Ľͷ̫һڻᱨˣûʲô˵ġ
ʯʦ㻹˽̫һڣһϣǻȥһᣡ
Ľü˰Ե
ʯ̫һˣԲ˾η
ĽƬ̣ҡҡͷ֪̾ˣҲˣԼ͵͵ȥ֣֪
ʦܣøʯҡҡͷ֣صĵǧҪС̫һڵˣΪ˼ͳϣ;̫һڲˣ湦Զһбľѧûôɱģ
ĽΪȻҡҡͷ
ʯûȥЩ͵ȥɱˣǿϴ鷳ˣһСģű֮
ε˵̫һڵĵӶһطʱʩչܵС
ĽЦô
ʯҡͷ̾ҪаĲ˵̫һһְ֮ΪŮɢ룬һը޴ܵģ̫һڵĵӲ˶࣡
б𣿡Ľʡ
ʯ˵һط̫һڵǰܽһޱȵطڵѨڣʱ⿪룬һ˶֣ͻȻǣֲǿһЩܵס
Ľ룬ͷȷʵ

ʯ֪ģ಻֪ģǷʤԲҪȥɱ̫һڵĵӣ鷳ġ
Ľվߵǽͷλãߣʯתߣǽͷʯʮȥͣ
ʯתΣʦܣͣͣʲô
Ľ߻ʯ£̾˵̫һڵĵ޿֣ԲŻ˰죬޼ɵ
ʯҲ¹ǣңҲ
ĽͷţҲ
ôһ˵ҲûʲôġʯЦʦܣ¾͵ɣ鷳ˣ
Ľֻ̾ˣ
ʯһаӷŵڷˡ
ĽЦеĵһֱûδʦɩѵûɽϣ
ʯͷܼţʲô
ĽЦһò˰ɣ
ɰɣ̫ѿۡʯֲסЦݡ
ĽǺЦʦɩǸ˶ء
˵ŻȻ²յܹȥţȻеʦ㣡
漴Ťͷʦ֣ʦ
ʯգֱӽˣαؿ
ʦ㣬ȥ˵ɡУ߽һŮƮƮһ˫糿һ㣬⡣
һ˫ӼΪĿʹ˻òֹ̬͸Ŷׯ֮ʡ
Ľ˫һ̾ʦֺø

ʯ֣Цɺ磬ܣ޼ʦܣʦĵӡ
ָĽָָŮַɺ硣
ĽЦеıȭʦɩ
ַɺʱȾΣȴǿ⣬󷽵ĵͷʦܡ
ĽЦӢۣʦ֣ˣ
СӣûûСģʯæ
ĽǴЦһӣ¾ַɺ磬󷽣ʵɬý
ĽǺЦԭʦҲϧģ
ʯߵСٷϻ
Ľúã˵˵ˡ
ַɺ翴ԭʦܾǴ޼ɣŴˣüʦ˵һΰѼͳǴˡ
ĽǺЦʦɩ
ַɺҴȥһ̫ɽɣķ羰ɽӦòͬһҪġ
ʦܣ߰ɣʯʡ
ĽæͷȻʦɩˣ
˳СԺɽߣַɺʯǰ·Ľѩں棬˰;չƽ볣üվС·ϵȺţ˶źѣһһӢ
Ľ峣üЦŵͷʦ㣬лˡ
üЦлûʲô
Ľǳʦ㣬ܳžת굤С
üҡҡͷ˵ʦΪʹת굤ӦҲûд󰭵ġ
ǿúܣǶת굤Ľҡҡͷ
ûоת굤Ľջ羭Ҳپһ㣬ڰ˲㡣


700 
üЦЦŤͷַɺ磺ʦ㣬ȥ
˵أַɺЦʡ
ü룬̫ɽ󣬵ĵط治࣬Ҫȥ٣
ַɺһɫ΢΢仯Цûʲôģȥѡ𴦰ɡ
ĽǺЦ־ͦģǲǣʦ㣿
ѩ㣺֣ͦ⾳ط羰Ҳģɩǹȥɣ
ַɺƳһʯʯеɫҪ˵ĽֲЦʦҲᷴ԰ɣ٣٣ʦɩзɺ磬зǣǲأ
ʯˣεҡҡͷɺ磬ǹȥҲ޷
ַɺһ۳ü̾ϢһðɣȻﶼȥǱȥɣ
ü΢̣ЦЦĽ翴顣
򶫣ʩչṦӹʯ֣ԼһĹһʮɵٲǰ
ֱǧߣǺӹҾ죬վڴٲ֮£źٲˮ̶Ľʫ̾ʫ֮ñʹǡݡ
ٲʯڶֱк£էа£ϵ׺ǵ㣬ķǣΪ졣
ʯһԲˮ̶ֱԼɣˮʣ޴죬˾÷꣬
ˮ̶һ˽ǵСͤӣźᣬһֻӥɡ
ףأȻ
ͤеԲľſһˣ泯¿ò޳ϰ̳ĽҲǺȾƵģһϲζ֪Ҿơ
ĿһƳüַɺԱɫչƽҲ΢΢仯ɿ쿴һʯæǰͤӡ
üȥϵָ࣬ƽ΢Цˮ̫󣬿ܲʦܵƣȥ𴦰ɣ
ʯȻһֱھУûйĶǵĥɫ΢ĩû
ĽЦЦҵѾõòˣʮ㣬ٺòߣ

ַɺЦʦɩλʦ֣
ַɺɫȻǿЦЦŶǡ
üȴǶľʦ֣ϲȾƣһû³ʦʦĪ֣ٽʶɣ
ĽЦǺǣǵˣҲϲȾƣʦ㣬ղײգھͽʶɣ漸Ҳоˣ
ѾòʡˣüһۣԾɣʦܿŴֺȴǸϸļһĪǷʲô
ĽЦ˹ȥˣ
˵ǰҪСͤǰӰһüǰʦܣ
ĽЦеĵôѵʶλľʦ֣ݻҪܲɣ
⵹ûСüæҡͷתתЦľʦֵЩ֣³ײ˴ʹ죬Ǻαء
ĽЦãʦҲ˵Ƣ֣ҿһֱãҵҪʶһ¹Ƣʦİɣģ
üƳһͤڣչƽ򣬵šľʦ֡ȴһֱûж
ŤͷĽһۣߵҿ˰ɣ
ĽЦȻʦУʲôܣ֪Ǿ˰ɣҿɲǿѣ
ʯæȥתתɣʪȷʵ̫Щ
ͦõѽѩܣЦеĵ
Ҳ˲ףǰֵӣжʲôأһ
æѽʦ֣ͦõģҪȥЩƣȺȾѽ
֣ʯһۣͷЦű졣
ʯǰһ§סĽ򣺡߰ʦܣͱˣ
óֻҪĽˣѾͷҲߣûж΢ȴҲоһֲա
Ľ˳ߣһЦûܼһλľʦ֣źأʦɩλľʦƢܹ֣
ַɺһ£ƺĽЦеһ飬ַɺǿЦЦðɣЩȺ
ŶԭĽͷЦǸһλľʦҲλ
ʦܣԼ𣡡ѩ
ĽٺЦ׺ôվڼȺЩһǴһʵȤɲ˵ٻ
ðɺðɣǶǼɺ׳˰ɣѩûĵ
Ľεҡͷ̾˿̾һ滰ûô
˵ŻĹʯǿ߳ʮԶ

һȣһӰٿַ֣ɺ硣
ĽӦ죬һεַɺǰһȭ˳ȥ
飡Ӱɶȥײʮĸߴϣһ죬ꡣ
ֳΣݶ޳˼˫޹⣬üĿȴࡣ
ַɺ磬Ȼ
ľʦַ֣ɺ羪һæ㲻Ҫɣ
ľʦֺȻЦһ£įҪŵӹȻ书ǿ٣ٺ٣
˵Цм
ַɺɫ԰ֽĿ
ѩĽӣԹ̫³ç⻰ȴһüͷ֮С
ʦܣѽʯεҡͷٶְ
Ľûĵ·ͻȻü壿λľʦǺṦ
ɨһ۶ľʦ֣ɨһַɺ磬һȣľʦֲҪɣûþӦûд󰭣³ç֣ʧʧ񣬶ľʦĪҪֲǣҲǻɩ
һȣ˶ƽƽַɺȴͭӴ֮һϵ
ɩУľʦִһĽȻ㲶įʵǣʱһ۾Ŀⶸ罣ʵʡ
ĽЦеĿ˵Ŀײ˼ײȻЦһɩУɩУ

չƽ첽ӹ˵ǰסľʦ֣ˣȥЪһЪɣ
ľʦֹЦҵΪôȣȲС˵ΪκȲΪκȲ
ԽԽ󣬵˺һص
Ľɨһʯ֮䲻ʦҲ̫ˣѩ硣
չƽľʦ֣пأǻǻȥźȰɣܿͻȥģ
ˣľʦִЦҡͷǲǿˣǿǿ
ľʦ֣չƽˣżְ󣺡ľʦ֣ǻȥɣ
ĽЦȥЩλľʦ֣ƫźȲ
ѩѩһۣϹ֣ǳɵǲҲֵģ
ʯæͷʦܣ߰ɣǱһΪã
ţǵҲǣ߰ɡĽͷŲȥľʦֵַֿɺµһӰӡ
ʯתͷɺ磬ȻȥǺúȰһȰƶΪٺЩΪ
ַɺǿЦЦţȻȥԺȥ𴦡
ʯͷĽһߡ
վסȻһϺȣľʦҡҡληվһ±ȳչƽ߳һͷ
չƽѾ޳ˣľʦָߣȳ˶һĽ⣬ǷںĿԵģˡ
ĽתЦеľʦ֣ղһȭЩʧˣٴǸȹ˽ٺȾһݣ
ľʦֿĿɨü˭
չƽæľʦ֣λǴ̫һڼͳϵ޼ʦܣƸպһЩ֣ܶ
ľʦͷֲһ书ʯˣ
ָʯ˫žâ
ʯͷʯľֵܣȾǶᣬʲô˵£ҪƽԱ
ľʦִЦԳҪ˵üæľʦ֣ˣĪ˵ȥţ
ð㲻ʦҵҪúøʦ˵һ˵ľʦֹЦмַַɺ硣
ַɺ߬ȭͷ˿ɫȴ԰ֽûһ˿¶
ĽȻһһȭ顱һ죬ľʦʯ˳ȥٴײǿ
һֱ˯۾һǵóչƽ볣üУַɺɫһ䣬ȥĽһһ£֮һ͡
ĽǺЦչˣûˣǳɵĵӣһˣȻඣ
ʯһһȭСӣһ
ĽЦǸԽ˵ԼûԽǲΪǣʲôÿɶиԵĻܣ˵ģǲǣ
ЦǺǵĳ˵ɿɨһַɺ磬ַɺæתͷȥоĿζ
飬û뵽д³çײ³嶯˺ȴ书޼ɾ˵ľۼΪʵΪ飡


701 
ѩ㻹֪ԽԽ˵û㳣ôɣ
ĽҡͷʦĪԩˣкҿǧģڸҪǽ
ʯǺЦðҵľҲȣ
ĽЦеĿһַɺ磺Ҫȶľʦˣһȸʹ죬ټϳʦ֣ʦ֣ľΣ
չƽæҡͷҲɵģһ
Ľ̾ܺȾƿɲǺúҴʦ֣һ֪ǺҵľƣŮˣʦֿǺø
ʯЦҧ߰ɣʦܣչһ¶ľֵܣ
չƽæͷģһѶľʦͻȥġ
뿪ٲϣüַɺ˽˵Ľ˶ǿ˵ûв̾ŮԱ
תطĽ˵ԼˣȻŻСԺ⣬ԼͣŮǾͣ¡
ȻǿֲȻӰ졣
ĽѩһСԺ쵽ˣǻû⼸æúܣÿһ¶Ҫǵ·ӡ
ô˵Ҳ֮һ֮Ůףʹټ࣬ҲǱڶ࣬Ҿۼ
ʯַɺóףȻ˽ٰһΣٰһá
˵̫ϹأֶŮҲ̫񣬽볤ɵĶͬ⣬Ҳ˵ʲôл
ʦܣеֻ֡ʯԣѩסףֱĽƵĵ
ĽЦʲôʱ򲻹ˣ˵ʦ㿴Һòã˹ֲ˼ġ
ѩꡱһЦЦˣƤǽ᲻˼
Ľڱǰʦ㵱Ȼͬˡ
ޣҪ˵軰ѩһڣƣӽߣйŹ֣λľʦô£
ʲôô£ĽãȻʣһˣΪͦǳɵ
ѩȻˡ
ĽôΪȴż˵ɴʲô⣿
š±˼Ӻɡѩ˵
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ѩһۣΪ˶һѽ
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ĽЦʦɩ볣飬뱻֪ľʦأҲ̽˼ҵܣǲǣ
ѩͷţҲִɩıе֡
ĽЦЦʦ㻹
ǸԼɣѩƲ
ĽЦʦ˽ң

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Ľ⣬ô죬뵱ղ񹦴йϵԼжôݺᡣ
ղջ羭˳һҲһ˼·һ£ղѾѪ⣬ٴʡĹˮɣ׾ͻ㡣
㾪ףš
ʱ⣬Ѫıʣ񣬱仯󣬵ʵȻͬͶǿᡣ
⵽˼£Խɽ֮壬ﵽղ֮һĵ޷룬Ȼл֮
һҲҪϸµĹ򣬲Ȼﵽ뻯뻯ѪͬҪºݹ¿๦ųɡ
ʱ֣˶ˣ¶ƣ̬֮壬棬һսŻ
ĽʯϺȲ裬ԡϼȻԵõѩ˵лʱǵŮЦ
һƣĽЦʦʦ˶𣿡
ʲô֣߹һƨ£ȥ衣
洭Ŵ£һǻ
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ĽЦ⻰ɱôʦ
ǺЦֲǲ֪ҲòĶȥ˰ڲľżһ
ĽߵȢʦɩģܵҪȻݣ
޼۲ˣҲϱˣӹϵĲ裬һڣ̾һǺЦʡ
Ľͷʦæɣ
Цðû⣬һȥ͸ǿ˵æý
ĽҡҡͷһָѩʦʦϱȥҸɣ
ѩһվ糺ߵϼ˵軰
˵Ťߣתߵ᷿
ۣһڰѲ漴²յЦ
ҡͷЦһö˵ӣյһڡ
ĵĽһۣҲ᷿
ЦĽ򣺡СӣҰ˵ɼѽ
Ľʲôϲʲô˵ʲôܲѧŮҵŤŤɣʦ㻹ûӦأ
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ĽæʦҲǹˣûУ⻹
һЦСӣôĿ
Ľ˽Ҹʦһأ
ͷʦ֣ȷʵѩ޸Сӣ˵ǲģǻ꼰޶
ŵĵĲ޵ͷ
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򣺡İɣվһͷȥŸ˾Ҹ˵˵
Ľϲæʩһ񣺡лʦ
ߵʦ֣æĸмʦأ
ĽٺЦʦﻰ
Ц˵СµΪðټ书Ҳõģܴһѩ޸Ҳˮ
ˮǻƽ
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Ľæ᲻ᣬһ᲻µģ
Ƣ᲻£ҡͷΪȻɽ׸ƣҿѣ
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ĽͷǵȻ
룺Ҫұȥȥʦ֣
ټңЦĽ򣺡ȥ˵һ·ʦʦܣһ飬ܳɡ
лʦлʦĽϲ

ĽȤŵԸ̲Σִֹǳһ϶£˭ҲĲˡ
ʹеĳȥҲûõģĽͦȤһֱɽ̫ģЩǲҲСϲһ㡣
ȹ˲뿪ˣ̫ۣľƣЪЪһӿҪЪϢˡ
ʱƳϣСԺʮյ硣
Ƕ뿪ˣĽʯԣʯһֱû뿴ʯΣǲǷ
Լ˰ʱżʯƿŽĽüͷһ壬һɾ
ʯƿ̤СԺȻһ£Ľæǰסʦ֣Ⱦˣ
ʯ˫ۣĽȻǺЦ
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ʱҰڰûŶԡ
ʯʯԣԼȥ˸ѵϣһԣɢ㣬ɢ˺ڰסˡ
ʦ֣ô£ʲô£Ľʡ
ʯڰ֣ҡͷ˵۾΢š
Ľʦ˭һȾˣѵλľʦ֣
ǣһ˺ȵġʯҡͷ
ĽЦʦҲƽǲǺȻ³ˣش󣬸𣿡
ʯҡҡͷǡ
³֣űʲôҲ˵ˣƾĽȥһԲĴ棬һ
ͷ΢˵û˵ûȴм⡣
Ľ˵˰κȻͣ죬˰ΣȻʦֿǷ˶ľʦΪνƽ
ʯ̧ͷ˫۵Ľ
Ľҡͷ̾ѵΪʦɩʦź˾ƣ
㶼֪ˣʯߵ
ĽҡҡͷʲôҲ֪ʦ֪ʲô
ûʲôʯҡҡͷ̧ͷ죬̾ϢһҪһǻǳһ³ȥ
Ľģȴûͨ˲ͨΪһЩ
ģĽף֪ˡ


702 ¶
ٺ٣ʦܣѾ֪˰ɣʯȻԳЦ
Ľʣ֪ʲô
ʯѪ˿۾ĽĽãĿһ֪Ȼ顣
ιʯҡͷԳЦЦ֪ܲɣλʦɩ
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ʯڰ̾ˣ
Ľʦֱ֣ŤˣˣʲôŤɣ
ţ졣ʯԳĵͷ
ĽЦʦ֣֮ʦɩĳŮˣָоһܺðɣ
ǺǡúãܺãʯЦ
Ľʦ֣ҿʦɩǸŮأò磬ҿĽּأ
٣ʯЦһ
ĽæҲ֪ţûʮȫʮģȱأܿ磬ʵȴǸƢ꣬˵ֻأ
˵ʲôʯһۡ
ĽЦǺǵĵôһҲƽˣˣҲ֪˺޲µ˶Լġ
ҿû뷨ʯæҡͷ
ĽȻûУһΪ˶һأԭֻԼô롭
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ĽǺЦƴƴȥΪŮ˭˭ܻǵأ
ʯһ򣺡Сӵ뷨а񣬻ͷҵøʦ˵˵úùܹ㣬ʲô
Ľյҡͷ֪ҾͱŲ˵ˣ
ʯǺЦҳϣ뷨ҵҲУ
ĽָָҡͷʦҲˣˣֲʦ㶯ˣңԭǼҴԨԴţ
СӣҪúôСãҪȻҿɲʯߵ
Ľҡͷ仨ˮ飬ϲʦ㣬ʦ㲻ϲҰϲĿӣ
ȫôŬˡʯЦ
ĽҡͷôŬҲɵģ¿ǿã
ʯһ̾Ϣǰǿã

ոֵܵȥĽҡͷԼùĽ᲻⿪ͻ
ɲʯ齲²ģԽ֪ԽãΡ
Ľʦ֣ȵȣŪЩǽһݣ
ţȥɣʯڰ֡
ĽƮȥۣ֮һСԺ⣬š
λ洫ü
Ľҡ
ʦܣüԺš
һϮú϶Ȱֳ㷢ƮƮڶУ˼Ϣ
Ľ΢Цҡ
ǹأʦܿɣü֡
ĽЦŵͷһһ˵ҿʦֺ£ЩҾƣʦֺúúһͨʦɩҲڡ
ַɺǰһȾ㷢ںڣ֬Өף籦ʯӽʦܣʦ£
ĽĵͷţصģǺȻף̫˰ɣҪġ
û˵ʲô£üʵ
Ľ̤ϼɽСͤСͤλԺļɽϣһµգ죬ˬʣһڡ
Ľҡҡͷʦֲ˵Ҳ˵ڣûʲôģһǧɣͻˡ
üַɺһۣһ£Ըˡ
æ¶Цݣʦϲʲôľƣ
ĽҾƣԽҵľԽãľʦֺȵľƣ
Ů΢΢һɫ䣬üЦðԼľƣڸл̫һЩ
òĽЦԽҾԽϲ
ľǸʱչŴľƲ࣬˺󣬾ƵĶͣһ㣬ǧ

Ľ뿪ˣüַɺСͤĬȻκַɺ̾Ϣһ˵ǲ֪ˣ
ɣüɵ
ַɺҡͷ̾˿⼸һֱľģľʦ
İɣһֱŶľʦءüæ
ַɺ̧ͷ£λʦܡ
üҡͷʦܸ֪ģһֱСԺеӶнΥġ
ַɺ̾ϢΪŵŮˣֲңԸƽ˼ң
üŶʦѾܳ谮ˡ
ǰַɺͷԶĿ롣
üʦֵģʦ㣬Ǹʦ˵˰ɡ
ַɺתͷ˵ðɣ
Ƕǹȥˣʦؽ󲻷ܹġü
ַɺ翴ҡҡͷɵѾͷ˵ؽٹҲ⣬ԭµġ
ǽһ֪ˣôźãüüǡ
ַɺ̾Ϣһֻһһ»ǽ˵ɣʱȻзˡ
ҿʦܵģЩŹءüͷš
ַɺʦã˵λʦ³ç嶯ĻҿǶˣ
ôüʡ
ַɺҡͷͷˣֻһֱû˵ˡ
üɫٱ䣺ôźã
ַɺ絭Цһ£ҪȻ֪ˣȴʲôû˵ǲ˵գʦ²̨ɡ
üҡͷĵǺ˾ƣ˵˵Ķ˵ˣǿ鷳ˣ
վԹҲȥôƵģ

Ľʯһһ̳ƣȲѣʹ죬ת۹˸Ŀ̳ƣƣ
ܿ꣬Ľѣźȣתָһ̳ǵĶװôƵġ
һߺȾһȥ㣬һ򷽱һΣ书ΪҲԶʤڳˣĽơ
ϾǾƲˮʯԭͺ˾ƣٺô࣬ˣҪ˵ȴĽȰƣסĻ
࣬ĽһͻСԺ
ڶ峿깦ʱʯСԺѩд书Ľ˹ȥ
ĽŤͷ϶ͣȭȭȥѩòֺһЦʦ֣ͷ۰ɣ
ʯЦЦãе
ĽȻȭ磬ѩɳȥתôõû
ʯЦţöˣҺû˵ɣ
ĽüͷһЦеĵôʦ㻹л𣿡
ʯ飬ģҲûΣߵҵܶţ㶼ȥɲɡ
ĽЦǻǿˣӦóŴʦֺʱʣ
ʯûĵٴյְɣ
˵ŤͷߣѩǱ߽Ľһȭɣ˵ûˣһǿԼûӡ
Ľ򢣬ϸĶʯĿ뿪СԺ¶˼飬»ͷô鷳
ι㿴ʲôѽѩ߹
Ľæҡͷûʲô
ѩʱͷȥûʲô
Ľʦ㣬ȭûʲôѽȥ׷ѹ򣡡
˭˵ûģѩʱյΪ˶һѽǽȥҴɩ
ĽҡҡͷæأԼȥɡ
ǺðɣȥɽΣѩָһָ
̫ɽȺɽ̫࣬ɽߣһɽ̫ɽһ죬嶥ȴаѩɷƯ

ĽлüȥæԼ棬㣬ڳɾڣʲôΣգ˵Ҳ޸֮ġ
üӦˣĽ书֪ǲУʹԼҲûã̫ɽ˶İͷɽ
ٳǰü˰ͷɽĵطһɽȣ羰ãһƬΧ̲ݣȻ֣߻мСͤӣƽʱûµʱȥ档
ĽģĲɣһֱרע߯ˣͣڰɽˣҪЪϢһ˵ǿˡ
ģŮ˼䣬һȥˮҲˣҲš
̫գģĺʱΪ̰ζ֮࣬գȪҪ޹ǣ˵
ͷɽִ˲ƣ·񫡣
˰ΣĽüôѩŮҪ֮۹ۿŮѾˡ
ĽһԲߵǰֵĵôǵ飬˭ǷǮһ
Ů̧ͷֱֱûƿȴƺڿգûϡ
ĽЦô
̾Ϣһû뵽ʦľʦ־Ȼ
ס죡ѩ߳
ͷ죬һĽ
Ľһüʦľʦôˣ
ѩСҵɽˣȥû뵽λľʦǶˡ
ȻأĽʣĲͣ³ֽվǰסġ
ǲǼ棬ߣû뵽ǵĻ
ʲôˣĽʡ
ѩҡҡͷС㲻˵
Ľüʦ㣬ôˣ˵ʲôʦʦôˣ
ѩüͷͷͱ

Ľǣ̾˿ʵѵʦǸնľʲôϸ𣿡
šŮ̧ͷȻʦܣǺ棿
ĽҡҡͷûС
ô֪˵һ뼱æס죬Ťͷѩ
ѩûĵһۣʲô֪ˣ
סĽ֣ô֪ģʲôʱ֪
Ľҡҡͷֻǲµġ
ô³ģѩɳʵס
ĽնľģҿʦͲԣʦҲеڡ
ðԭ֪ѩߵ
ĽҡҡͷҲֻǲµģֲȥ֤ûڶװ֪
װ֪ѩѵסҴ磬ˣ
Ľüߵô죿ߴʦֺô죿
ǡѩ
ĽѵʦֻһڻؾȰƣ鷳ɾʹˣ
ѩһѲɾôţһ罫֪ˣҪԹˣ
Ľҡҡͷʦ˵Ѿ֪ˣֻװ֪ˡ
˵ʲôѽѩߵ
ĽϴʦҾ;£˸һݣöˡ
̾˿εҡͷ£ǵù
ҪǻҴ磬ôѩº͵ʡ
ĽߵȻһɢ
ѩƲƲ죺ߣһǽɽ볤ɣ
ĽҡҡͷĹô࣡
ѩһԼͷ汿ôɻ
漴ü̧ͷ죺Ҹô찡ҪҪߴ簡
룬СĵҪȥ޳ڳʣ
Ľҡҡͷգȥʦ㣡


703 
ѩ
Ľȥ˵˵ô졣
ѩһۣҲ֪ôģʢЩʲôڳţ
Ľⲻ֪Ѷǻڻ飬ܺùôʦֻڻ飬̫ˡ
ʱ㻹룬˶Ǻö˶Ͳ֪Լɶˣѩ
ʦԩˣĽεĵҲǳɵģǵˣǲǣ
Ŷмֵѩס
ǺãǾȥúһǵģʦִñӣǰͦõأ
ѩһۣҪˣͷͷ
Ůתɽߣ˼תĽԭû
ôˣѩ
ĽҾҲ̫á
ʲôˣѩʡ
Ľ룬ҿǻȥ̽һ´ʦ֣ʦ־֪֪
Ů⣬Ľ͵ҪǴʦ֪ˣҲˣɴʦԼҪǴʦֲ֪뾿ҪҪأȥʦ㡣
ҲеأϾǴʦȢϱɴʦ־ġͷ˵
ѩ룬ֿĽͷӦˡ
Ҳû£Ůֱɽسֱӽʯ̽һ֪֪
Ľȴڰ֣ʦæأȥҲûǣǵȵ˰ɡ
ҿɵȲˣѩߵһֱʲôˣ
ĽЦһ£˭˵ʲô˵ģڱһ¡
ʲô£ѩߵ
ĽЦеĵȥɽȣһλľʦ֣ʲô˵ûС
ҲŲȥѩæҡͷҲҡͷ
ĽͷǺðɣȻȥҹȥһնľģ
㻹Ǳȥ˰ɣѩһ¡
һ±֪Ľ⣬˵Ҫֵġ

İɣĽڰתɽߡ
ƲƲ죺ߣŹأ
ѩŤͷһѾͷ˵ʲôñӻñӵģˣ׼˵ˣ
ǣС㡣Դͷ
Ȼһ񣬿ԶȥĽС㣬Ҫ͵͵ȥ
ѩ룬ͷţҲãǴ
ʱ˷ƲһģƾʦܵƢ϶ʲ̫ˣԼ˵ʱˣĿڻһû³ء
ǴĽʧˣ֪Ľ̫һᱻ֡
ҵĿ϶濴ʱĽѾںһСͤλնľĶ
չƽм䣬΢ЦŽܣʦܣλǶľľʦ֡
ĽȭЦеĵͷľʦ֣ˡ
ؿľ䵭
ĽЦľʦֵΪߺôȴû˵أ
չƽæЦľʦһֱչɽ˲֪û֣ΪľʦԶǿң
Ľͷ۶ľһϮͦΣһ֮ˣӢֲʧգ˵һƤҡ
ҡͷЦǿϧˣľʦɽƾĸǿ书Ӣ֪ԵŮأ
Ǻǣʦ˵ЦˡչƽæЦҡͷľʦ־ԶɲŮˡ
ĽЦ־ԶˣɵŮǸò
ľɫ΢΢һ䣬Ȼ
չƽæʦĪЦȻʦʦеϲľʦܣľʦ۹⼫ߣרע书
ĽͷЦеĵҿʦɩνɫ˶浣˶ѵҲľʦַۣ

⻰ʲô˼ľڵվȻŭ
Ľ¶Ī飬ֿչƽҡͷôˣ
չƽæľʦ֣ⲻʦܵЦˡ
ľĽųҲϲЦ
ôˣĽȻҡҡͷеŹأһʦɩľʦ㼤ѵ
չƽæЦʦܣ֣ľʦһֱչأƢһ˲̫һ
ĽȻĵͷԭһΪľʦϲʦɩأ
ǺǣῪЦչƽæ֪ľɫ΢΢һ䡣
ĽҲѹ֣ңʦɩһ˶ϦദҲϲģ԰Σ
չƽЦʦеӵˣûе˵ڣû뵽ձʦ֣
ĽǺЦѽʦȢʦ㣬ҲüĽأ޲
⻰ʦˣɲӦչƽЦ
˵Ц˼䣬ľɫȴԽԽĽƺûһ㣬ɰѻΧַɺ硣
ôǶʦɩΪĽʡ
չƽЦʦСܶ˶ϲʦ㡣
죡ľһʯһϺȣĽ˫۾罣̵ֱֱĽ
Ľûŵ޷ӦЦеĿһ۶ľôˣľʦ֣
ұ죡ľ
ĽЦ˶ľʦ㣿
չƽӦɫ䣬æǰһ˫ȥľľʦ֣ľʦ֣
ľһšչƽʱ˳ȥСͤĺ档
峺羵ӳƣ淴â

Ľİƣ΢ЦȻù򣡡
ҲİɣľĽ΢̣мαôӣ
ĽȻüëҡͷľʦ⻰⣿һףԭľʦΪҪ׽һģû뵽ľʦ㲻ơ
Ӻɷ˵ľЦ
Ľҡͷһ޻˵ľʦ֣˵˵ҵˣһͷˮأҲҪ׹
ľ㲻Ҹǰʦã
ΪΣĽʡ
ľҧгݣĵΪʦҵģǽŰӲȥģ
ĽЦҡͷʦ㣿Цأ¿ԶģΪˡ
ǽƴӲȥʦ㣡ľЦΪˣΪβѹɵ޵
Ľ̯̯֣ɹֻһŮѽûжӡ
ľһ֣֮ʦòĸԸģΪǽơ
ĽҡͷԩˣǽŴǿ֮£ʦԸ⣬ϲӦ¡
ƣΪαʦãľЦ˫۱⣬޺޵һжˣ
Ľüľʦ֣⻰̫ƫˣΪʦͲܼ޸Ҵʦ֣ҴʦӢ۸ʦ´࣡
ʯ䲻ʦãľЦ
ĽһۣҴʦ䲻ʦ㣬ϣ
ľ
ĽЦҡҡͷ˵ò㡣
ʲô˲𣬲һõľм
ĽЦʦǹˣɲΪһõ˵һˣҲûʸ˵Ҵʦ֣ʦǹˣȥдϴˣһĻ䣬ʲôʸ˵Щ
ľЦǾаˣΪɵĵӣʹһѰĵҲܺúûʲô˲𣡡

ĽǲȻҿֻǿտڰ˵һʵڵ棬ʲô˲ĳɾܹͣǿùʦ֣
Һα֪ľм
ĽЦЦɣ
ľһվ֣ãҾͺúýѵѵ㣬ǽŵǳɵ
Ľڰֵ˳ɣҲ˽ţ˵д裬ǣ浽ȥ
ϻ˵ɣľƮСͤվ̲ϡ
˵Ĺ򣬳չƽˮִˮε˰ߣһ֮ƣֳֵԾ
ľʦ֣Ҫְܵľǰĵľʦ֣ҪԴΪأһִˣѵҪǳɳΪЦ𣿡
ΪأΪأ˵ʲôΪأҹܲô࣡ľһ֣ЩĴȡ
չƽæʦ㣬ʦŪεѿľأʦģ
ᣬǰʦûϲҵģľҡͷ
չƽɫ䣬ŤͷĽĽЦǵˣʦϲ㣬αؼ޸Ҵʦ֣
չƽһæľʦ֣ԣ
Ըƨƫ˵ˣľȣŤͷĽұʦһԶѾɽˣ֪ͻȻһʯӲɢǣҪʦΪ
Ľüͷģ
չƽɫȥ
չƽæľʦѾͷ˵ʲôʦĪ⣬Ҳص棡
ľһָ죬ɫȻݣ˵Ǽٻ׺䣬ҷǲú
Ľҡҡͷԭ
չƽæľʦ֣ĪҪ˵ˣһӰɴƣõУζԵЩ
ľҡͷѣҲܣҲܣҲʧȥʦãûʦãһŻʲô˼
Ľ̾˿Ϊ

ľȻŭĽǣǽţûǣʦûҸһΪɶԸԼ
Ľüʦ⣬ܣ㹻һ˵ֵǽţźαطҪ£
㡭㡭ľĿɿڴֱֱɫ͵ĶϺһ㣡
еҪȴѩס޺޵ĵնľģģȴǸôûõļһʦҲϹۣ
ѩҡͷ¶ܿһ˺û
ǵҲǣͷҶˣΪʱѾͣսˣĽվԭأľʮ״չƽȥ
ŮǱߣû뵽ô죬ҪУĽȴһȭѶľˡ
Ľİƣҡͷ˵컨׹ȴ㲻£˵ȴʦǿǻ֮
ҡͷʦ֣úŪû뵽㲻ãһȭܵģܵһ£
չƽɫҲÿû뵽һںĶľʦ־˲ãסĽһС
ľɵһ˫ֱֱ졣
ԺһƬհף޷Լһûֵס㱻ĴǻԵģֱӴݻš
Ľҡҡͷתߣ̾书һ㣬Сʧأʦ֣˲͡
˵뿪Сͤʧɽȡ
ϴЦһȭȫΪǰѶľƲأԽԽأһ±붯
ĽôΪ˸󻼣ֹֻ硣


704 Ǹ
ɽȣһѩŮ˷ܣĴָ÷ǳ
Ľ뿪ǻһľǱģɵɵģǱɵһ㣬øչƽҪ뿪ĵ˳׷Ľ
ĽЦЦʦ㣬֣Ըûʲô鷳ȥȸʦ˵һΪ
˵ʲôѽҲǰ״򣬿ǸŲѩһ
ĽǵǸΪãʲôӦ
Ҳգ³üصҪĲ֪͸ðľɵԶԶģôڸǰˣһС
˵ˣȻַɺˣΪλ޸ˣȶԲסַɺ磬ֶԲסʦ֡
±ŻԾڳɡ
ַɺȻģΪɸԸԼϾԭĸ飬ڲΪȻ֮࣬һ˿壬Լ
ַɺ鷳ŵģ뵽⡣
һ֮䣬뵽ôͷŮȻǸϣ֪ʲô⣬ûǲִΪΪʯ档
ѩҡͷ̾ˣǲ˵ʲôģȨʲôҲûա
˵ֺ޺޵ĵһȭǲģһñѻʵǡǲ֪öãԼĺ飬ԭϲζһ¾ûˡ
ĽЦһȥŵǸģǲعˡ
ðɺðɣֻҪŴͺãѩڰ֣ǸҲ£Ҳܲס
Ľϸʦ̽һ̽ڷ磬֪֪
ô̽ѽѩʡ
ĽЦӦˣʦõģƽʱûҸǰЩ
Ҳû̽Ŀڷأѩһۡ
ĽЦúãҼǴ֮һʦ㣬һľʲôӦܰ˾Ųʮˣ
ţ⵹Ǹ⣡ѩƵͷ

ʱ֣Ľ˵ľд裬һЩʮֹⲻȥԸŵһǸ
ⷬʱ֣ٴ꣬Ҫʵʵ˼ҵĵ̣Ӻ֣ĽĽˣȻ˵Ĵ£˳ɵĴ
ڣɺ׷ͯգˣЦеһ鿴ʱ¶Цݡ
Ȼͨӭ˳һ㱧ȭǺЦλϻûЪţһˣ
汧ȭһҡͷЦǵЪϢȴУⲻСִ˻ֻܴˣ
ӣĽЦִʲôˣ
Ľȭţ
˵֣
˽˴ֱյܿ˶һڲ裬˲յհ
ĽվȭţǸġ
ʲôǸЦеʣɫ͸ŶĽϲ
ĽߵҸľľʦֽ֣һСĴƿЩأҺǲ
ľһɫ΢һϻָȻЦôύֵģ
Ľʦʦȥͷɽ棬ǡ˶ľʦ֣˵һЩֻʹ΢һЩľʦ˵ÿһЩ
ͷԭҪд书أûʲô˵ģһһЩҩģӲصˡ
ĽЦǾͺãҪȻѰ
תЦǺǣֶûûصģǶǴǻģǲǣ
ǾǣСӸܴЦ
ЦûʲôളһЩҲǺ£ĪȵͣҪҲˡ
ʮ㣬ɱô˵ҡͷЦ
˲ϲаҡͷ̾Ϣ

ĽЦЦĿ˿ûٶ˵
˵˼仰Ҫ뿪ʱˣһҪЪϢˣʲô˵Ҳ
ǵڣЦ޳ڳϣһЩһģɷ񣿡
羪ĶһۣĽĽҲһãӣȻǲס
濴磬ЦðǾһˡ
ܷŲẦĽĵ̣ʹҪҲеصķʽֱӡ
뿪󣬴ֻʣĽš
֣Ц˵һģؽš
ĽǺЦã֮á
ǽڰͷɽ˶ľʵ
ĽͷţżȻϵģʦ˵ľʦһֱչôߵΪȴż
ŵͷЦţľ⺢ӵʾǾרûɽ
Ľɲá
̾˿ǰ̫רע书³ˣǽŵķӺܺãһ书ɽ
ĽȻЦЦûнӿڡ
ŵľ⺢һֱɽѣ˼뵥ɣĻ㲻طϡ
ĽЦеĵͷǣҲϣ˵ʦԭһˣȴΪҪɺɢǣʦ޸Ҵʦ֣֪ǲģ
Цҡҡͷһɺԣҿɲ֪¡
ģĽüë
Ц˵ɵţҲһףŮδҸȡɵ棡
Ľͷ˵ǶľʦһԸˣʦ㲢ûܰǵ¸㡣
ʲô£ʲô£ҡͷЦӣҪ꣬˿ܺ׽С÷Ի׽һЩˣŮ֮飬һģ
ĽͷԸʦ⻰

Ŷʱ΢΢ɫ䣺ôʯҲ֪Щ
Ľҡͷûиߴʦ֣ܲˣһ˶׿ô죿ôѡ
Ǿǡæͷһû뵽޳·
ĽҲìܵúܣŴʦ֣һ֪һԹңŴʦ֣һĳ⣬ǽ볤ɶΪЦʵţ
æҿҲ˵ΪãЩ²֪֪ҪãⲻΪ˳ɣҲΪá
Ľͷţ˵ʦǱߡ
ŵģŮȻӦˣһΪһ÷ˣٷڵġ
Ľ̾˿Ըʦֲҡ
˿ţҡͷѣû뵽ŴüĿһͷ˵ɫ䡣
𵱳ַɺ볣ü̸۹һ׼ľ£Ȼ֪ǵ¡
ûв𴩣һ߲һˣ˭Ҳûкô
Ŷһӣ˺һ뿪
صСԺʱ¹ˮСԺﰲס
Ѿû˵ƹ⣬˶˯ȥˣ᷿ߵһ´洫΢
ĽŽȥûƣȴܿ壬Ůڴͷͷӵ˿ߡ
Ľ߹ȥߣ˴ͷ˾뼫˵ᣬ
Χ˶书ΪҲǿ˵ԴõñҪŵ΢

ǰʦ㣬û˯ɣ
˼˯ѩߵ
Ľѹô̽ʦֵĻ˰ɣ
ȻѾ֪ˡѩҡͷ̾Ϣһ
Ľҡͷ첻ԸǺðɣǾʲôҲˣʦôɡ
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ĽǸ˶벻ҵĵǼʹףҲĥ
ţǵҲǡѩͷ
Ľһ˵ȥΪֹҪ⴫ڶ
͸ˣѩͷŤͷ
ͷ׵ģСİգ
ѩֵʦܣԺܺȾˣһ˾ƣʲô˵ǿɾ鷳ˣ
ĽЦܺȾˣ
ϻ˾ô죡ѩߵ
Ľ룺İɣҲ˯ɣһȥˣٹͺˣ
ڶ峿أüȻȥһߣЩҪһġ
ĽʹĴӦһףΪģҲ¹ַɺľ¡
ĽҡҡͷôȥҪµģԼƣ޲ֱ˰óףȻؽɽ뿪Ƿ֮أ治ܣûܰѶľŪߣ
±⣬ʦһģȴǿѹţҲ֪Ϊʲô


705 ī
Ľ볣üɽС·ϣС·ͨɽΧǹʯᾣſ۾һţûв֮
ĽһϮۣü˶صĻУĽװΧķ羰ûȿڡ
һˬ͸żĵƸߣмֺ⣬ǴӶߵİͷɽϴķ硣
ü΢ŶüţƺڿŴǣι̾˿ʦֻðɣ
ĽͷţãÿЩƾƣûʲôá
ü̾Ϣʦ˵ˡ
Ľ˵ʲô
ʦľʦֵ飬ʦֿ˵ˡü
ĽЦЦʲô𣿡
üתͷܣ̾ѾԴ˽ֹ˭Ҳ׼ģ֪ĸй˿ڷ磡
ĽҪ˲֪ǼĪΪв͸ǽ
ǰü̾ҡҡͷ±ûʲôģôһţЩأûʲôҲʲôˣŪɳ׾
ĽЦЦ֪ǶľʦʦǰһԶˣǰɣ
üҡҡͷ㲻ˣкøжѣʦ㷢ľʦƫԶû뵽ʱֱ˳
Ľһۣˣ
٣䲻ӺɷȴҲм˵ѡü
Ľҡͷʦ㶼øʦֽġ
ʦ¡ü̾
ĽЦʲôµģʦؽֻҪûʲô£һܿݵġ
ֻҪǸˣԭ¡üҡͷЦ˵ؽʵ۱Ů˻С
Ľͷ⵹ǲ٣ؽΪĹǲںһںȷʵСġ
Ľ̾²ϵģԽֵԽ󣬵ʰȰʦ㻹ʦ˵ȵ֮ôʦ־ƭĽġ
ţҵȻȥȰȰʦɡüͷʦһ¡
ĽЦЦǲǸʦֱܣ
ѽԼǲҪᣬȨʲôҲûʲôҲ֪Σü˵Цš
Ľۣ죬¶⣬Цŵͷ
üϲû뵽ĽĴӦˡ

Ľʦ㣬ǳûдģ
амôʦʲôУü
ĽЦŪһЩ
üͷҴȥɣ
͡ĽͷתɽһԺ⣬ûȥöĴ
ŽȥڴŰӣձ첲ϼ·ͭһ㣬͸۽֮
У꣬꣬һñĳ̴
ĿݰСһܴˣ˶ȴһ̫ʦϣ
ŽûᣬרעĴӴĻӴüӵüӣķĹķ䡣
̧ͷƣӺͨͨģ񾭳̫ɹȻƣȴ͸źһ弫á
Ǻǣԭüǹͣ߷ӰĴЦΧݶҡ
üЦ绨үүӹǻôأ
ǺǣҾǸϲߴЦŤɨһĽСһ˭úû˵µ˰
üæүүⲻǳԭɵģǽŵĵӡ
ԭǽŵġߵͷ䵭ɲӭŵˣ
ĽĴܣڽŻûӣڶߵû
üСĵĿһۣˣҲ֪ûæүүλ޼ʦܣпǴ
ߺһëͷСӣһˣԼȴüëΪԼ˲ˣǲ֪ߵغ񣡡
üүүҪҵ
ǺǣúãҲ˵ˣ˵ɣСʲô£æڰ֣Ц
үүȰˣ̫Ǻüӻ֡
ε̴ǿ˵Ҫʲô

Ľһȭˣ޼ɣæŪЩӡ
ӣüߵĵΪҪһЩӣ
ĽЦŵͷʲôҪһЩӡ
̵ģһΪҪʲôűأ˷ҵĿ߲࣡ĺߵ
үүüŶš
æ˫־İĵúãˣСӣҪӣģ
ĽСͳɣԽԽãڶһٿŶС
ҪôһٿţЩô㶯֣·ۣüʡ
һĽһԳüֻһЦѸ٣·ˡ
ĽұıûУֻ󣬲ͶϷģ
϶Ľӣʾѹȥ磬ϺߵãҵҪôã
ŤͷСգ
ˣʦһ຺ӹĵʦкηԸ
ҧߵϴŪСŪһٿ
຺ӳɡ
۾һɣ
຺ӿĽߣʦ̫ϧˣ̫أһٿ̫ˣ
ôһ֡
꺺εĵͷǡ
ü䲻̫ôȴҲǺöֻҪһЩеƷʱһضñд
ȻӲȴ̫أĹ̫죬к
ӣֱǱ

үү˰ɡü
۾һɣǿɲɣȻѣȻõĲϸʹӣҲҪ
üǿЦЦҡͷүүʢˣôƷѰɡ
ҪҪģɱ˵⻰λЦ˵ǳ̫ģǿɲɣ֣µĵ
ĽЦǾͶлϵĺˣ
üֿߣεҡҡͷû뵽һͶˣʵڲˣС
үүʹˣƢзϻͯƣʦܸһ壬Ƣе֣ʦ˵һû
Ľһһ
б˿ߵǽû彣
ĽҡͷеУ˴ϰæһΣ
٣ٵӡأƲƲЦüĵԼεðɣұһѣ
֣Сѽ
ϣһܹðźɢİϴŨҵĺζ
ò㣬۽ĽȻͬЦеĹֻ֣
Ľ֣ɣ
쿪ĴָָĽĸ첲˼£ȻͷЦˡ
Ľʲôʱȡ
ʱͳɡ߿Ŀ̴Ȼ
ĽȭлȻֱӸ뿪ˡ
ڶ峿깦ԺѾˣ죬ֻжԺ̫ʦϣ̴
ĽǰȭЦЦϣҵ뽣ˣ
ţСգ߷۴һۣһѶù
˵ͷϡ
˵һţƤףһѳ

ŲأףЦǲ죡
Ľֽӹˣɵĵ˵ִ࣬һڴȡһö۴СףͷЦúãǲ֣ܳ
ϣӹһɫĻϣۣܺõ˹ʡ
齣һںûһ͸һϢʽһ潣ûʲôͬ
ߵСӣ˽Ҫһ԰ɣСգɡ
ǣʦ˵ͷĽЦдһΣ
ĽЦۣǲҪ˰ɣ
ĵ³һ̣һ£㻹Ǵ˼º䴫£ѵˣȨǱˣҪ֪볤õĲϿ
ĽεĵͷǺðɣˣ
ѽҵ䣬˳һڶ
ýĽ̾
˽ԶʤһĽȴǡãŲᣬĽ̫ˣṳ̂ʵС
ʦȻǾƷЦԱ߼һȴֳֿԼһ㳤һ룬Ǿһǹ
롪˴һ񣬳
Ľٶ˵ƮƮһ̳˻ӽնײȴûһɳȥ
˶ͣ˻Χƣ˾Ϊ㵣ʦֵжǶ֪ףǱͲһܻӵģλԿȻ¡
һһײ֮󣬷һ죬ȻٴཻٴηĴ졣
󡰶ͣǵĴ
ת۹һٶལȥĽǾʮ㣬Ҳþʽ꺺ӶԿӲ滨ɡ

һ˳ȥ꺺ֿտգεĿЦ磡
ĽһսʣȭЦóã
û뵽Ĳ׳ʵȴ꺺ҡͷ̾
ĽЦҲһɣ
λϵĵϸڳɵĵλȴߣΪΪ书
ſݰСһȴΪˣڳҲŵĸ֡
Сӣߵͬһ·ɫͻ¶һ˿Цݣһ
ĽЦһȷʵռ˴ˡ
ţǡϵͷԹ˸Ȱ棬ǧҪΪһζ׷򵥵ʽڿʼʱã˺ޣȱǿȥˡ
Ľͷ׵ġ
߶Ľĳ˼ۣм֮飺׾ͺãѽ䵽ϣ㲻û
ĽЦʲô֣
ǽˣȡɡߵ
ĽͷۣЦǾͽīɡ
ţ֡ߵͷЦ⣬Ըī潣ܹ£
ĽЦĽȻȭ˸ǣת뿪СԺ
ڻȥ·ϣȡһöӣָһһڹ˲ʮĴڡ
һ˺ϱ֣ڹȥʧĽ˽ǰһѾпˣĬ죬Ѿλã֣ú˳֡
Ǵ飬Ľҡͷʦֵģַɺ粢û˵Ҳٹˣһ飬ԼҲˡ
죬峿㵽ɽ£ûɽ֣䱸ֹ˳ûɽ


706 
ŵĵӶ棬ֻԼѣһ೤ɵĵӣչƽһ𣬻̫ġ
ûνԼһ˱۾ȫȫ⣬ûһ˿ģһΣգȻֱԼٷֳһ־񾯾硣
ջ羭ϵشȫȫһĶû߶ãҪǿ
һӣѾϰ˲ۣ֮һЩ֮˶ԣ֪̫̫࣬࣬ûʲôôͽԼ֮ģ书ϴͰ
֮Խȷʵԡ
һɮ㣬ֹˮһһϣһȻֱ棬ġ
峿磬ɽϴƵ죬ƴ̫ɽչƽ۾Цǰ
Ľһֱ۾ֲܴȴ£¼춯صĴ£ԭ˵Ŀ̿ࡣ
ģѧһֻУ˵С
Ľһڻǰˣ
ǰչƽͷҲһڶľҲһֱģû뵽ô˳
Ľʦ֣ľʦֻðɣ
չƽҡͷЦͦأȻҩ´һ°ɡ
һжǰĽͣһȭȷʵͦݡ
ĽЦ¿ɲô˳룬ľʦֵƢưոݣ
ġչƽҡͷ
ҲЩľˣΪ̫СƫԸΪһ֮˽ڲˣǵһ粨
Ǻʦ㣬һӲҵģˣʵ˿
Ľ£ʲôҵģ£
չƽҡͷ̾ϢԶԡ
ĽʵҲûʲôģҲؿ̫һԼ£ûʲô
ܰɡԸ£չƽЦ

ףչƽȻһָĽ󣬿кȻһը죬ʹ⻪˸һ
չƽɫ䣺ãǾźţ
Ľźʲô˼
ǷֵˡչƽüɽϷ򣬵Ǳ海ңǸϽȥɣ
ĽҡͷǾźţźŰɣ
ãвˡչƽ
ĽȻˣҲˣǵСˣ
ߣҲ֪ЩһôۣչƽЩŭɽвٵıͣʱҴǴ򳤴ɵһӦãɵϴ
ĽЦɳڡ
˵չƽҡҡͷԼ׳ɵĹأĳϲŭġ
Ľҡͷ÷裬ܲôࡣ
˵ŻȻһҽУչƽһǮʦܣ
Ʈ˹ȥһȺ˻糱ˮһӿһɨȥԼˡ
ɽڴһˣڴ˴μһ򵱹ĪʹԷˣطҲΧ
ϣ˺ȵ˳˸˴Ľվںûš
Ⱥ˵书̫ǿڣȴûܻƳɵǵİأֻͽͶѣĻʯ
ĽȻһ֣ڹԶһ˻ĵˣüĴƿһѪżˡ
˴еΧתͷʱ
Ľ΢΢һЦóһöӣղǸ䣬ȻȺȴ˫ۡ
һ˦֣ڹһ˻ˣҲüĴһֱӱû˵һ仰̫̫ԩ
չƽתͷ۾⿴ڹĹ켣֪Ľ֡
ΣȥöʧȥʿɢңЧǷ

Ľ˰Σҡҡͷⲻ𣬾ΪΣ
չƽǿǳɺãʹҲҪɧһ£Щգ
Ľҡҡͷ˼ȻתɽϷȥ
չƽУʦܣ㡭
ĽԶԶȥΣշѶţ
仰ȴѾӰӣչƽεҡҡͷӦˡ
ĽƮ磬ת۹˴Ⱥӿ䳡ϰʮ޲֮ˡ
ĽĿһɨʯַɺűƣΧַǳûʲô
ʯո£ش컨ַɺһɫӣϲӽĶˣü۽Ƕ͸ϲ
վһһ׳ʵƺһˣ赺ϵһԶ
ĽֱڸʲôõҪɽûʲôΣգôһʱɱ⣬һҪ⡣
ʦʦ棬ߣͬｻЦʲôΣ֮
Ľü룬Ȼɫһ䣬ʯǱȥʯַɺ磬ȵɺ磡ɺ磡
ĽһٿԽȺߣʦ֣ôˣ
ʯַɺ磬ַɺ԰ɫֱֱĶʦ֣㡭㲻Ҫɣ
ʯҡͷɺ磬ôô
Ľɨһۣüڿַɺƣȴؿڲһɵؿλá
Ȼһķˡ
ʯҲ֪ʹʣĿӯᣬֱֱַɺ磺̫ɵˣ㼴ʹңҲҪģ
ŵĵӶ͵ϮΪн»壬лᷴӦŽһĹ򣬿Զȥ
ַɺҡҡͷЦҲܡ
Ļ˵￪ʼӿѪĽһԥˣʦ֣ǿҪ
ŤͷȥȴΧҳһţʦʦ˴һţҲսţòֺ

ʯַɺ粻ţʦܣ㲻ҪˣɺѾ
Ľʦ֣һӾʦɩҪұܣ˭Ҳ֪
ʯʱɴ˫ۣһץסĽ֣úãһܣҷģܾȵ÷ɺ磿
Ľһԣ
죬ʦܣǿȰɣʯæ
Ľͷŵƽš
ʯæַɺ£֮һƬëһ¼ơ
ĽָȻֱ˷ɵɵ뿪֮󣬾ûѪʯĿɿڴ
Ľɵҡҡͷˣٸµҩúþˣʦ֣һ
˵һ굽ߣսš


707 
һ߶֣θݣֳųӯ죬˷ʤ
ʽҲ˶൱ư֮ڲֳܷȭŴݾ磬Ʈվڴ
Ҳһ߹УʹǵɫƥһƬһƬĻ·һ档
ӦսӦһȭƣʽ鶯࣬ǡôĿס·磬ռϷ磬ҪֳʤҲһп⡣
ĽһߣȻһȭһȭӭȥȭͷײһ𣬻ϵЦûʱ˳ȥԶԶײˡ
Ľȭתͷʦô£
ҡͷ֪˲Щ˶һЩе֪֣ͷģû뵽Ȼ˷裬Ȼͬʱѡ
ĽǶ˰вˣǲǿɳڣ
ҡͷ̾Ϣ˵
Ľһ㲻أҲҳϣף
Ȼһ֣磬ǡýסһĨ⣬ʳָָ֮ЮһСɵķɵ
۾ɨȥԶһŮߣһöɵ䡣
Ľüɨһ۰Ůζȣһѩ׵ĹӣСڽţ͸һ˿ǿϢ
Ľüʦ˭
ûųֻȴϳɵǸղַɺзɵһģӦͬһ˷
ӦĵӰա
Ľߵг𣿡
ͷţг𡣡
ΪˣĽʡ
Ȼгȴ볤ɹϵ
ĽȻͷǸأ
Цһ£ģоɣһʦԨԴˣλӽɷ򸾡

˵ŻȻһŵӷһҽУվʯߣؿһɵ
ĽɫʱʦҪʰѾͷ
ҡͷ
Ľ˲ɣʦһʦɣȥˣ
˵ղ˵һʮɣֱӴмȺ谭˰Ůǰȭ
ǽŵģŮЦһҲܣһöɵһĨ
Ľһģзɵ֮ʣȴٿһŤһԲܹ֣ؿڡ
УһĨڹɵĽؿǰһλñն϶ֱֱ䵽ϡ
Ľüһû뵽ŮķɵӦһĨ
ϻƹһһ㱡Ĥһ£ɵһͣ漴ڹɵΪء
Ľǰһǰƽƽһ̣˲䵽ؿǰס
һǽսƣƽƽ棬ȴʮ㣬ǱĽŵӿҪ̾ѡ
һ죬Ů˽⡣
н⣬һɱϢУҪȴܵ⣬Ҳ谭ơ
ŮһƺߣֱֱĵĽľȣȻͷԼؿڵī潣
ʵţԼȻô׵ıˣƽһΪԵġ
û뵽ĽҲȴһܲסһͣȴͬˮˮһ㣬ϱ㱻ȥûá
ס֣һ߳Уһ˲䵽Ľüġ
Ľνӽնк⣬һ죬һöΪƬء
ĽŤͷȥȴһŮ֣нŮŵڵأȻ󼲵ָӻͳƿҩ

ֱסˣһ¸ߴߣ书ߣѹ紭˲ߡ
ĽɨһŮһϮɴ棬ӣɴЩ죬һİɴ費סĿ⣬ŮŰɴȴסòΡ
ѾΪˣϧɢűϢ˫ģ·ûĸ顣
ŮӣʹòҲܰ˵ȫϨ
ĽüͷŮ˵ΪͲԼ൱ѣΪȴе侲ʹͬˣԲŭʩȡ
Ƭ̺ˣȻĽǰγ£ָ̣
Ľ޼ɣ
ͣ䣬һХУɭȻĽѾüĴޱȣķӦ
Ľͷýܹ˽⣬֮ȴһεüġ
ĽĨȥüĵѪֻī潣ֵ಻Ľ⣬ϴصֻһһĺˡ
֮ѹ˳е֣Ƿ׷һУڹ˸·һһһ
ĽͣĺˣȴŻϴӴƵɭ纮ȴѹס
ʵʵĻ棬ȻɭɭͣĹȴϨĻ棬סˡ
ʹӽҲʮ㣬ȥ·ȴûʰ񣬿סµĹơ
涼ͣսΧ˹˷׷ͣսΧĽΧƴɱɷǹ졣
޼ɣвŮ
棬αżͣ޼ɣһӳ˺ôķͷҪмֱ£һλŮȻ΢Ц
һϮ£صױȴþˣ΢΢һЦʱݹǵ۾ֻ֣Ϊ֮ԡ

ȴţǿк֮㣬Ҫǰɱвɣ̫ˣ
С֮ĶȾ֮޴ϻأŮȻ΢Цҡףҿû֣
˭֪һľţ㡭㡭ŭߵ
ŮȻЦţλ޼ҲǾţһ°ɣǶָΣ
㡭ɫǺ죬漰ĽҲʧȥ侲ŮģŮʲôɵó
ļŤͷţһҪɱ޼𣿡
ڳϣҿû˵Ҫɱһˣۣ˴ˣԹˣһֻԹѣҡͷЦ
ɫһ¾ʱȻԹۣƴŲҪҲҪ档
ӢļŮ˻ǲԸŤͷһɫ˴ףһ֣ע⣬ڻ涯֡
Ÿ׿ЦţСŮĴ飬Ѫſ̧Σ
ӢȻЦŷȻܲգҲɱΣ
ҡͷЦ֪Ҫ޼ɿһ
һֱȥûһʱ򣬳ɼڵУⲻˣֻɽۻͷװʲô֪
˵ĹĽһֱභ֮УֻϴԽԽۻ룬ԽԽ޾
оԼһĺԴԴϵıƽȥԼһ
תԴԴȴѷһȻޱȣɺҲѷģʤһ
ĽУдȻȴһֱʤھھ棬һֱԶԶһˡ
ʱʹ磬ȴҲ£һö׶ӣСԵ档
ľȴϾǳȲԷֲԷľȷʵΪԷûʲôҡ
Ҫʤֻʩչһ;ˡ
Ľ˸ǰʩչ˵ᱻȻãȴзգĽðա

޼ɽս̶ȣѵãεҡͷ̾
ĽʩչĽսȻӣȥƽƽ棬ȴۣˣнˡ
սڽʽɬ£һһʽ̶ȣ˽ĸߵ͡
սǻΪѤùƽһַ豹Ľν׾һʹƽĽѡ
ŵԽԽȻΪҲԽԽ򵥵һ׽һӣԽԽа
еĽŵӶоķḻѧʶԨ书Խýս֮
ʱʹٺãҪսİҲɣ޹غʣΪѧʶǳǾء
Ľ㣬ᣬʱж̣ȻԽս̣ѷ˼ʮģʵ
ĽѾ㹻ľ棬ʱҲ˲ö룬綼ųУʱ׼ˡ
ĽĵֵԽԽī潣γɵĽȦԽԽխ֪ѹסˣ޷ƾ辫Ľֲ
һľţᣬΪ񣬶񽣵Ҳ˼ľأ˵ʤ֮ơ
һֱûۼ³֣ǰŰɣ񷽲ˣȴĽ֡
Ȼߵ֣
ס֣Ϻһ͵ĳȥ˫ȭֱ£ɫǺ죬²ʵڲʣΪ˵ӵֻܺһƤˡ
ŻԹǿ϶һлᣬ飬һҪɱĽ
ߣ޳ܣӢһһ˦һ׹ƿǰŭĿԲֱֱһȭ

ߣһƺߣĺһ϶һöɵ
ɵֱûȭУֻ¶浶
ŭһֱӰγɵ˳ȥȭͷ׹ɭɭȴһѪҲûΪ졣
ɵϸɭϢһֱӷסΧѪηɵȴѪҲ֪ź޹˼ɵİε
Ҫȥʱһ¸վڸǰЦеĿ޳ϲҪң
Լʮ꣬ᣬüͷŲɣһ;ͲСˣȻƤûƣѷŮ
üţҲҪ֣
һε̾ϢѾʮˣŹӢΪɲ⣬ס
¸ЦеҡͷҪ۸£ӿɲԹۣ㲻֣Ҳ֣
̧ͷĽһ¸˾һ𣬴ѷѽ⣬ѲĽԽˣϱҪܡ
ΧǶһĶſ˫Ź⣬ҲǾµĴȴһֱԵǴ۽硣
ǿĽƵģмֻ
޼Ҳһ£ɳ̫þͻΪŵ㹻н꣬ҲãҲܷˡ
޼ɣ澪ŵĴһ͵ĳȥǰӰһһؿڣ˳ȥڿ˫ۿĽؿнȴ֪ī潣̽ؿڡ


708 Թ
£Ӣһһ֮ǰĽ
ĽؿڲŽƽͣһȭӭϹӢơ
飡һ죬ĽӢͬʱɳȥ
ŭȣӢ
ҲŭȵչģòҪ
ӢɳȥԶڿһѪҪ˵ȴ˵һŮƮס
ü˺һ뿪嵽Ľߣæס޼ɣҪ
ĽЦҡҡͷʦҲҪģ
ʱʯѩˣΧסǵĶѩѾ档
ĽҡͷЦʦ㣬ҲҪģˣ
ϥ£ʦʦҪҴң˹ˡ
ɫ࣬ѹŭ뵣ǣʵˡ
ĽЦЦûʲôģƤ֮ˣҵĽջ羭εģʦصģҲطҪԼ
ţľˣ绺ͷ
Ľ΢˫ֽӡȻʼ˹ΧĹ£ԽԽʢƺһϼâã˲ֱӣֻһŹâԼһӰѡ
㣬˷һЩĽ˲ٷ˼£ĲԾмäĿˡ
תͷһ۶棬Цһ޼һȭúãչĻʲô
ĽԴ֮ӢһУȴѹӢѪͨһȭǲʶĽ
ʱĽϲһӨ͸ĳѩϲں޹ī潣
Ľϥ˹ˣת۹һʵ˪УΡ
ɭɽĽɢ֮һһȣǡһһȳһ֮ʢ׹ѣһѵ紦֮¡
һһȷ·ǳ䣬˷Уȣʵޱȣζʵʹ಻
һЩ书Ϊģܲס˳˴һЩΪĻڵ￴֣̬ķչ˷Ī

ŵڵΧĽΧڵУγһԲκҪҪƴ
ĵˣӢΧڵУѩ𪣬䣬ֳֳָŽţʱҪһ㡣
ΧûжֻǾĿߣĽٿ£ȤǶͷһһȣ书Ȼ෴ȴǾţᣬΪ֮ȴţ֮һĸָ֣ĽһȭѹӢѪ֤
ֻ֮࣬˼Īδ֣ܾ˵˵ģݺᣬᣬо޴Ǳ˭Ƶˣ
ǵĳĬУһʱƹȥĽȥĹâϼ⽥¶ΣʱǱѾǰǰ˿ѾպϣֻеѪۡ
һߣϵĺ˪Ҳɢȥ񣬽覣һ֬ɵġ
ͬʱ˫ۣĿڿײײһ㡣
ĽЦһ£ٵֽ̣
Ŀ糣Ե㣡
泤һĽɫһܹ˵ģ˵ʮ㣬űը
תȭţȻݹˣǸóˣȥ
ŰΪҪǣҲˣĽҲˣûô鷳
ڸղҵЩˣܵӰ٣ǸղŶעĽµĴսǡ
Щ˶ݵģҪ׷˲ѣܵ˺ܲ
ſЦúãҲá
Ǳˣ˵
Ľʯߣַɺ磬Ѿѹˣɫ԰ף㲣Ͼ֮һأȴ΢Цϲð˿ûо֮
ʯؿڣʦܣ㲻Ҫɣ
ѩץס򣬶ؿڿ˿һ

뿪˳ɣһ˶һʯַɺ磬һĽѩ
˶ɶʮҲ׷ַɺţ޵ģԺǽŵˡ
ǰ벿벿ֱһŰ齣ҲţĽǰϣѩ档
ʦܣĲҪˣѩʡ
һϮ覣һеĶĽҲ̽ͷ̽ŵĳĽؿڡ
ʵţһȻһʱܳ˿ڣָơ
ĽҡҡͷֻǺһţ˻Զء
ѽֲءѩͷ̾Ҿ֪ûô׵ģ¼ٺõҩҲô졣
װɺõʡ
ĽûĵһۣǲȻ񲻵⣿
Цҡͷ̾һŮҲǰ
Ľߵ㵽վһߵģôϲأǲǣ
ŮôŮ˿ǺҲŮһǲС㣿Цѩ
ѩŮ˶¸ˣͱʦˣ
Цðɺðɣȷʵܴʦܣͷһأ
ĽֵģûһռűˣΨһ˶ѣ
ĽߵȷʵҲһȥҪչһҪ׷ݺݵĴ
˵Ż׶ı飬Ҫƴʹ̵ľ
һɵģѩͷ

顱һ£Ȼƺһʯͷڵ˶ĽƮƮ䵽ϣŮЩǱſϣЩҡ
ĽЦеĴǣŮĵһۣæ
ĽЦʣѩʦ㣬ʣǽ󵽵ʲôԹԹأ
ѩ˶ͷţѽϳˣ˭Ҳ˭ġ
Ľʣô£
ѩһ£ƺ˵ҲͷĿ߲ĽഥҲ˵
ĽӺ棺ѵʲôص£
һæֵǶ£ģ
ûûСѩæҡͷһ£ߵðɺðɣ֪ˣұ˵ˣ
Ľæǰ̽̽ӣ۾ĶӨ
ѩĶԹ˵ͦЦġ
ĽæͷȻأ
ѩһ۵ң
Ľæúã߲ߣʦ˵
㻹ߣѩ
ĽæסԼ죬ֺõĳЦЦǵѩĵͷɤӣȻſڣǵĽŽԹΪһŮ֮顣
Ů֮飿ĽȻ
ѩͷһһһţʱһλ˺Ŀɳ𣬽˶˸Եţɱ㿪ʼĴ
ĽЦܰɣ
ôܣѩһۣһΣ˿ǲҪֻ
ȻĽҧ޺޵һŮ˺ϣʵʲһҪӮģ
ѽҲѩҡҡͷŴţԽԽˣǴһһٵһһֱǣ󲻶Ը涼Ҫġ
ĽҡͷҲ̫Ϸ˰ɣ
ߣˣһԲϱεʲô󲻵ˣѩΪȻҡҡͷ
ĽǾûŻ⣿
⣿ѩЦƲƲ죺뻯⣬˻뻯أ룬ҵ˵Ҫ󻯽˶Թӵ˱ѣӦ𣿡
ĽҡͷӦҪӦҲҪӮǿ
Ӯ֮󣬶Էʲѩ
Ľε̾˿ͷš

ﾲһʵ˲ǿɳڵģǻһ˶ͦõġ
Ľߵһ㣬ʲôã
ЦķഺפģŮҪݵѽ
ĽЦеĴһۣʦ㣬ǲҲݽѽ
ϧҲѡҪȻҲͦģ
Ľߵ˵ҪһææǱ㽫ΪĵӣķԸԸѽ
Сӣ˵ʲôأһۡ
ѩҲûĵ˵
ĽȻЦҡҡͷǵŮ棬˿Ľ֪ЦⳡҲǺ¡
˻£ѩʣЦ㲻Ǳ´ɵ˰ɣ
ĽһǰۣԴЦʦֺʦɩͺˣ˲ʼʱôˡ
ţҲˡѩͷЦ粻ôԴɩˣΪɩȰɣ
һֱûַɺƣֻΪûҪȻȴû֮ǣΪ˿ؿڣŮҵĽأҲû˺˼ʡ
Ψʯַɺ֪࣬ȴΪĽĶܣһֱû֪Ľˡ
Ľ֮󣬲ܼ飬࿪˰ɡ
ѩЦ㻹˵⻰ѵã
ĽЦʦҲ߯СҲЩ̫ᣬһֱ˵ˣ
㵹ǫأѩЦ

飡Ľüѩߵ˲ˣ
Ťͷȥ
ͷƿųȥˣƬ̺ߵҲ֪ʲôˣ书һ㣬ֻɧŰˡ
ѩߵЩ˲Ļȥ
ŤͷĽʦܣ㲻׼ˣԹһԿžǣ
һָĽϵף㴩ôصѸʲôɣ
Ľҡҡͷƿ˳ᣬ˳ᶥϸΧ
ʱϦգߵղϼù
ΧٶΧס˽ŵĵӣɫװ书ʵһ㣬ڽŵľӶԣСܣѹԡ
ĽüͷСĻĸ֣
һ䣬һ˦һڹ
һŵĽ֮ԣǰĻʽر죬һؿڣŵڶĹ
ŵоһƵ壬ʱƵ֮ˮֱתҪܿȴֻ£һԼɣ
ǡʱһڹֱӹᴩ˻˵üͷӺȥ䵽Զ
ڹⶴ֮󣬻˶ʱͣ٣Ȼ󻺻ŵӶʱһ£ˤٺ֮ϲֻˡ
龰ϷĽֱһڹ⣬ת۹Ѿʮ֣ʮϻĻ¸֡
ֶζʱ˵ע⣬ʱֳ˽ŵӵأĽ


709 Ų
ĽЦŴǣһȺʮ˳ѸٵĿ
ɨһߣûᣬʹĽˣԸȺҲǴ´ࡣ
ǿɣĽٳ֣һöӣһ˦ʮڹ䴩ʮˣһ
ֱͦͦ쵹أֱӱξӵһ㣬鷢һѡ
Ľҡҡͷת˳ڣѩѾӳϿΣҡͷʲôǿѽʦӦġ
Ľҡͷҿɲܿλʦ˻߱
ѩԽԽ࣬ԽܵУô߶һֱûƣ֪ˡ
ĽЦŵĻôѻƣһλȥɲٶˣҪչؿǽ£ٱˣǿûٻˣ
ѩһۣܱˣʲôˣ¿һľţαطҪһϳ̣
ĽҧߵҲˣôͷϣһŮˣǲɣ
ѩûĺһŮôŮǲ͸ñȲ˰
ĽæЦҿɲ˵ʦ㣬ʦ㱾´Ȼǽüģǲǣ
ѩƲƲߵ⻰ԼŰɣ
ĽȻߵҴ˵ٻ
ѩǴһ˿Ц⣺ðɣȥͱչأʲô¾ͽȥ죬Ұ㣡
лʦ㣡ĽȭЦ
ѩһٸ鷳Ҿ͸мˣɲҵ
ĽǺЦһûʲôɣ
Ҿ͵һأѩߵ
һֱſڴڿʱȻ쿴쿴ʦɩһˣǿܶţ
ҿѩæſϣͷչȥ⿴
ĽЦҡҡͷ֮ۿ˿ʯַɺվڳ棬˵ֵ˵ĹüҼ䶼ϲ봺飬ȻǶǳʱ˪Ȼͬ

ѩʵɩϲģأҲϲɩϴε£˲ˡ
ӣҡͷ˸С۶ҲأҪǻʦܣ˻˰ɣ
ĽͷǰңֱȻһ֮Ųپȥأ
ѩһŲһأ˵ʹ죬ô죬Ǹô죬һ룿
Ľҡͷ¶ô࣬ʲôҲɣ
ѩһۣһĸŮ˼޸ǵùأ
ĽǺЦʦ㣬㲻޸𣿡
أѩһۣĪ˵СҲˣ
Ľεĵͷûжٴʻ
Ľʦ㣬Ҫʦֹ
ðѩͷһ˳ʯַɺһˡ
ĽɨһֻʯģҪһ֮νģȴˡ
˽֮󣬳ʱԵеխˣĽʯǰ棬Ůں氫ϡ
ʦܣĲҪʯʡ
ĽЦҡͷʦ֣㴺ģɷ
ʯһ죬ǺЦĽҲȢŮ£
Ľѩ죬ҡͷҵ뷨ҲʦԸųɣ㻹ǰȰȰʦɣ
ʯǺЦæҿɰﲻˣÿԼ
Ľҡͷ鷳ˣʦ֣ǳȥҾƺΣ
ڵܺȾƣʯҡͷ
ĽЦûģһƣӰ첻ˣһι
Ǿ͵ҳȾưɣʯЦǳﻹһЩƣǷ˵ļױ
Ľϲ̾ٺò

ַɺһֱûĽ˵ֻڽʱͷЦЦȻŮ˵Ȼɫмֲ԰ףȴüҵĴ⡣
ʯЦˣǼ̳þҪȣܵȵɽٺˡ
ַɺЦЦˮðȥɣʦܺȵ̫ࡣ
ĽЦʦɩİɣʦֵľûôߣҿ
ַɺЦʦ˵ǧľ
ĽǺЦĵȻ
˵ƿȥʯһ˵һֱ˳ĶϣԱ߰˰ֻ̳ӣÿ̳ơ
һߺȾһģĽ˵£ô̵ˣԼɲɡ
ʯҡͷЦЦʵҲûʲô˸˵ˣҲ˵ֻšˣһε£ˣҪѧ£ȨһأҲһأһдͷʼǣ
ĽҡҡͷԾ⣬Ȼܷ£ҲһָһѻԼĴɩ
뵽Ȼˣ˴ɩ֪ڻòãǲǻһ쵽ս
̳ཹེһͨĨһǵľգƮԶϱߵգƺ˲׺ɽɽϵĸĸ
һƾƣĿģΪľѧܹݺʹܹĳ
뵽Щٴܣ޲ϱչջ羭㣬ܴﵽʲôز
ȷʵԻҲ˵һ֣һģԼһܳۡ
һȭ˹ӢʵңΪڴż뼫ھ֮ʣһȭе˹Ӣڡ
ӢʹΪĽ֮㼯⧲֮ˣʵЩԩ
̳ӱңĽ˻Σʯȴܲסˣ̳ȥ΢˵˺ĽһϽֹסͻ˳ȻԼĳᣬַɺ״æȥչˡ

һ·˳ȵ˽ţŵƽʣڳɻҪ֡
ĽȴЩˣֲԼףʵûʲôģȥҲȥֱӴԼСԺʼչ
СԺֻ˽ȥѩ磬ˣһлˡ
ĽʼǱıչأһؽչ죬Ͼı岢һ֮£ҪʱĻۣղ񹦣˵ûһεĳ׶ϸ˻ʱ°빦չԶԶʤһ
һµĿޣһͻ˵ڰ˲㣬ھŲ㻯ĲΣһɽƤȴޱȣ˹һĵ˲ˡ
ʹҲԵֵǶУ㲻Ӳˣֻһ;
˵ڰ˲㣬ȻǵھŲһΣӹͷͷ֮Ľѡ
תһѪ֮Уڹͷ֮ڣҪͷ֮Ľð꣬뿪˾ȥ
֮ԭһƬ磬תתͨ·ڲݵһ·һ㣬ûй·Ҳڲݵߣûڹ·ͨݡ
һ뿪˾磬תЧʴھвͬն±룬ޱȡ
ټҲҪ˼죬ڵԼҲ֪ж˲ȴ֪ж٣ֻһɵӡ
֪ȥֱﵽһޣϾصĲǽķ
峿ѩ˹ȴ͸ż˷顣
ĽСȭ֮תкѩôˣʲôˣʦ

Сӣ֪˭Ҫ𣿡ѩߵ
촩һؿһջµţӳĵؾԽԽ˴ѡ
̫һڵˣѩߵ
Ľʣ̫һڵô
ѩһô˵˴ɩĻ£Թİɡ
ĽЦ̫һڵ˲İɣ
ѩǼϲģһҲģ
ĽЦҡҡͷݹˣʲôã
ߣ֮ǾҲʹģѩƲƲ죬ŭߵһЩ˱ţ
ĽЦʣʲôģ
һһһֱ⣬ҪȢСأ
šĽɫһ䣬ô£
˵ǲܳϣӲϲСġҡͷ
Ľü̫һڵĳô£
һϲϱġ
Ľɫʦ㣬Ҳչɣһչܶˣ
ѩҡҡͷɵġ


710 
ĽΪβɣѩ׼ҹģ͵͵ܹҪһչظɡ
ĽһɫţѩæʦҲûá
Ҳ֪ŵôģѵҪ޵棿Ľһεһ
˭֪أѩһ۵Ҿǲ޵棬Ҳ޸ģ
Ľûĵ޸ң޸˭ʦ֣ʦ֣бۣ
ߣѵǽûĺˣѩǴЦ
Ľߵĸ㵹ָ
ͷ⵹ҲأС㣬˭ѽ
ѩŴʲô֣
ЦС㣬Ҳǹ˭ѽ
Ůһ㲻˼ڸǰЩ£Ľʱ˵ҪȢҲľˣΡ
ѩһ۵Ҳأ
Ľѩʦ㣬Ҫ޸ҵģ
ѩ㻹˵˵Ҳˣ
ĽҡͷǲңҲҪ˵ģ˭Ȣ㣬ҿҪɱ˵ģ
ҡѩŭĿ
ĽߵҸŮˣɱ⣬ʲôҵģ
Цʦܣ磬ù˻ҲΥõģ
Ľ޺޵Ҳܲɣ
ѩߵ˭Ҳ˵˭Ǹģ
ĽȻҿɲԵ޹ʵĶ̫֮ˣ
ѩƲƲǵһﲻɿԲżԵģ
Ľؽеôɿˣ
ѩ˶鷳ҪǼ޸㣬Ǵ򲻹㣬ѵ򲻹𣿣
Ľͷ룬ЦʦԭǵѽǺð죬ʹڽɽϾͺã˭͵Ǳɽϴɱ㣿
һ쵽ɽϣȥǻڹأѩûİһۡ
Ľ룺ˣ˵һ˫
ޣ죡ѩʱ죬Ŷš

ĽҲ˵ģѵУ
ͷѩȴѾŤͷȥ𴦣װû
Ľæʣôѧѽ
һѩ˵Ҫ󼫸ߣûء
ΪΣĽʡ
ҡҡͷҲ֪ˣﶼ˼˵ġ
Ľͷ¶֮ɫѩǸƤ֪߳ܣ
ĽٺЦƤʲôô֪أ
ߣѩһתߡ
ĽæһŮǰʦ㣬㻹û˵ǵʲôġ
ʦܣǺ׵ء
Ľҧҧüߵʦģһҿɵ̫һռ͵ġ
ҡҡͷͳλܳϲأͳ
Ľһѩ˵ʦģд
ЦʦҪӰѾֻչ书ʲô
˵Ƴһѩѩתͷɹл࣬ǸϽߣ
˵һŤתȥĽЦЦСŸȥʧСԺ
ĽЦѩ˼һףЦΪεüãһֱϣΪ˿
ĸȻ˼ĽǸͷСӣҲϧǸþԵ֣һܿС˼
ԲҲȤǺһĨɫ
ЦҡҡͷһСȭԽСȭԽ˵ھŲ㻯ʩչСȭʱᵽͷ֮Ľϣǿ
Խջ羭ԦʹСȭȵջ羭Чǿ˼֡
¶ЦݣСȭһ׮
еĵӶ֪࣬һ֮еĹؼҪǿרעǳ̶ȡ
ڶתķʲô˶õҪ޲붨죬ȡûм괿ºõ

룬ڳŵĵӿЧԣشĵӶԣȴ绢
뵽еʦ㣬ʦ㣡
ȴ￪ȥɢɽõȴΪ죬æġ
Ψдüͷ¶á
ʱżˣˣһһ٣룬˪ûһƣƤ꣬ʼһģȻǸɣߡ
ߵһϮȴǸʵ꣬üĿӢˣ΢̣һֱ޵Цݣֳһ˿а
˶ųӺ͸ϡ
ϣ棬֪ͣƣŭ磬Զǣɽ
Ǽ˵ĽˣڶһһȻš
ʣţλǡ
ҡͷ̾˿ܳϣʧĪ֣޼СӣƢŹ֣Ժͷۣ
ǴĽ޼ɣߺǺЦЩϸЦû뵽δˣˣ޼ɿǺܸȤ
ЦϷ򲻿ϣڱչأǶܴţƽʱСŮͷȥġ
չúã⵹Ǻ£ߵͷЦ˵⹦򣬾Ϊȷʵףֲܴټͷ
Ϲ֣Ҷѣҡҡͷ
ſĪ˵Цһǽңλǽ汾µģ߲ΪȻŤͷ˼ңľͷö࣬ȥҲҪչ
Ӣ˵æүүڱչҲûʲôããȹһٻȥչΣ
ţǵҲǡߵͷ
ЦΪѾˣ

ҡͷЦޣ˵λֵܾӴƽ֣֪ǲģ
ЦԶﴫ޼ɱ¹仨ˮǽ¹һˡ
ͷҲ֣ӵ书֮ǿᣬνţٴﵽ̶ȣ
Ǿǡͷѡ
źӲɫȴ俴һۣСνԼˣɵ
ѩʦ㡭ʦ㡭Ƶٴ˶üͷ˹࿹
ỽһεƣȴӾˣӴ·һɽͷѹѪ֮
书΢ģûʲôо书ģ弫УѪĿҲϸʧصĸоǼϰߣɵ˹࿹
ѩʦ㣬ʦ㣬ĽٴڽɽƮ˶ڶ˵
ѩڰɽĽĺڵһʱһѩС㣬ʦܻء
ѩһۣ֪߳ܵļһ
ӵδɢȥ˾ƣġ
ڶʱæС㣬ǻǻȥɣҪȻһֱͣģô￴Цɲܶ
ѩεĶţһһ
æ߰ɣٲָýлˣ
תߣ·˽ŵĵӣЦЦɨһŮȴװûãȻתĿ𴦣ǵЦôҲڲס
ѩֹҪĽˣ¼ӿ죬޲һ·ɵĽСԺֹٽл
ѩʦ㣬ʦ㣡ĽٴλɽĪѪӿתͣ͡
ѩŭȵҲ쳹ɽ

ɫ΢䣬࣬ҡͷЦŻǫ飬㹦ǽң
ղҲѪӿѹֲס֮ƣ֮ҪǹԼɫ糣еľ֮⡣
ҡͷЦչЩЧ˴
ŴˣƾΪ㿰´ƽ֣̾Ϣһһ۲
ɫأü⡣
ʵ仹еڶ£Լţȣȴ죬ֳһ£Щô
̾Ϣһǰһˣ
絭΢ЦܳΪ
ЦЦڳд˸ͽοƽˣ
ǿԺ΢ЦܳϹˣͽ䲻ƢŹ֣ԣȴǸ鷳
ߺǺЦǹ鷳ø̫һΣ
΢΢һЦܳῪЦ
ҡͷǺЦɲǿЦڳͬ⣬޼̫һţŵ֮У
ɫ΢䣬Ťͷȥࡣ
ว΢ЦȺ£
ЦϷһŵӵڳԸ⣬Ϸɰ
⡭һ¡
֪츧ףҡͷ֣ǽɽרΪ°ɣ
Ǻǣֵ֪ҲָЦӶСһģ費˼룬˼֮࣬ϷӲһˣţС޸Σ
ว׵һ٣֪Ҳһ£üͷࡣ
æЦǺǣɵúܣܳһѩѾ¼޼ˣѩܹԵδϧϧ

šܳЦһüࣺţ棿
࿴һ棬ֿ磬ε̾˿ûгףȴѾˡ
ܳЦûãֻҪûףת֮˿ɶˣ
һ£ҡͷδ޼ɳٶ
ܳЦݸʢǺõúţȻҲû㲻ģС޸ɣ
ڵվŭɫܳϣʲôи󵽰ɣѩܹӲһ֮Եĸ飡޼ͬվѲɰɢˣ
ܳƶЦеҡͷô˵ⶫúܣ׽еദһҲûʲô飬еһ飬ǼƺСأһףҲɷģ
Цǻÿѩʲô˼ܹʹƺһԸʲôã
ܳЦЦĸ֮ý֮ԣֻҪ˳ףһжð죬һƬ飬׺ܲҸ˵
֪ƺȻڴĻ֣Ҫʧˣ̫һŵӹȻٹޣ޼ȴ֮𰡡
ܲܵȫһ֮䣡ܳЦЦü࣬Цеĵţһ׼ңɳкξ壡
ว׳ĬȻ
ʦ֣
ܳ΢Цգһ⡣
ܳ뽲֡
ܳϵС㽲ѡΣ


711 ѵ
ҡҡͷһСӼҶʲôܳϣ֮ǰ;СŮ֮ˣֵᣬʵ䲻ϲʸ֦
ܳһŲ룿
ҡͷ̾˿ܳϣϷҲεúܣǴӦ㣬޼ƢԣưոݣҪֵ´ңзΪ˵Ц˰ա
ܳЦһ٣ʹݺᣬһӰˣϷβ
ҡҡͷЦЩǹƢǲҵģƢһԼƲסġ
ʧ֮ɫŲܳĻɫƽľˣֻһ˫ǰ۾˸žâ
֪ƸװԴüͷ޼Ҫһˣ򰮳ɺޣݣһᱨ
򰮳ɺޣȽԹɺ޸£ǲݡ
̫һڵɱã޼ɵƢ嶯һĵһԥɱˣһɾ鷳ˣ̫һȣǴС
ܳЦеĵȻŲӦϷҲǿգһ⣬Ҫһǲǣ
ܳϣ޼ڱչء
ܳЦǾͼһСɣһҲǽ˼֮ࡣ
粻ѩæأ
ܳɫڳϣϷƢãȴݲεƣ
Цղܵģ̫һڵˣе˵Щƨưˣ
ܳɫתͷһࣺţڳ˷ĪҴѵˣ
ว΢ЦܳϣԼӵűܸ˵ˣ
ܳߵϷûӲ
౧ȭ֣΢Ц¸һʶϷˡ
ɱ˲ͷأ̬ȣֻһ磬ߵɽתˮת֮գʱֽһ
㵽ףЦ
æֵʦܱ֣߽ǿͣ񣡡
һȥ֪Цܳϣһŵӵƽȥѽ
ܳϲһ֪ƣû뵽֪˵Ƥ񣬾еô˵
ⱾһżŮһ̫һŵȻܾˣȻܰǡ

֪Цɵչɰ˶еƽҲ֣غϵһԶǴյһΣ
ܳϺһֵĪǲ£
֪Ʋ첻ĵֺγԣƽȻȲ޼ǰžޣȴԼĥɴ
ܳϺߵƽȻӢܣ̫һڵĵӶԣѰѣ
֪ЦЦɵӹȻ񣬲ҵʤƽȴҲף
ܳҡͷЦֵܣҲ¸һףﱾ˭ϲأΪӶһʲô£
֪Цѵ˴ȣ
΢ЦܳϼȻˣգҽɽķ羰ú棡
ܳЦˣϷûٴ
ҡͷֻ̾ϧϷֻһŮҪ޸ܹӵģܹһ˲ţΪȷʵ֮
ɫƽֻͣǱȭûж˵
Ҳ֪鲻ãûܿЦܳϣգһٷҪԵİɣ
Ǻã߶һˣܳϴӦ
˵ŻĹ򣬺ȻһЦԶƬ̺˴⣬Ṧ֮ɼһ㡣
ţ޼ֵ
ɫ΢䣬ü޼ɣ㲻ڱչô
ĽЦҸճأ
ɣεĺһ
һӰĽڴڣһԶվǰȭЦλʦţ񣡡
Ȼܳôпѽ
վ޼ɣλ̫һڵĲܳϣܳϵĵ
ԭ̫һڵģĽƲһ죬ܰ㱧ȭܳϣ֣
񣡡üߵ
ĽƲ񣡡ţ̫һڵʲôһسӵİɣ
ûĵûʲô¸ϽߣĪ˵
Ľܳϣֿߵû£
ǻĺһһۣӻ֣Ͻȥ
Ľߵ߱ߣ
˵תҪߣ֮ʻ˼۲ܳϡ

ţܳϺȻ
ĽȴûᣬߣſҪȥܳһس
죬˲ʧԭأĽ򣺡ߡ
Ľһܿƣ˺ʲôѵҪ͵Ϯɣ
ܳ΢΢һЦˡ
Ľͷĵʲô£ֲʶ
ܳŤͷţĴ׹ˣϷдһΣ
æ֣ܳʹãһСܸ㶯֣
ܳҡͷЦСһΪȴˣ˴Ϊȣôأ
Ȼ˵үүɣ
ܳһҡҡͷɡ
үүʹУҲ뿴٣Ҳ׷ϵĿ꣡
ܳϵͷЦţ뷨ѵã
ĽǰĿ罣̽˫ۣ²ָ̣
Ľü˵˵ԵģûôҰɣһأ
šܳȻࡣ
ü޼ɣдһҲûʲô̫һڵľѧ೤ʶҪ󣡡
ĽҡͷţҸ깦۵úܣд裡
ûĺߵٷϻȢѩ

ĽʱһæЦúãȻˣСһﻹûģҪҳУ
ݺݵĵ죡
ܳЦЦҡҡͷţѡŮѽǡ
಻˼ĿЦòܳϼЦˣ
ܳҡͷȻһ˲ͬģඣ
Ľɨһ۵ܳ⻰ôŲζȡЦңǱȻȻ
ߵ롪
νʣˮɭɭһѱ˽ʹӣһź챦ʯ·˵۾
ĽѾע⵽Щ۲æţ
üͣסңָ˵
Ľƽ޹ʵıҪ鷳һ̫ƽҪգˣѽң
ī潣ûֻ´ˣıȴҪ˻ȥֿտա
ɫһҪ˵Ľ˵ʲôҲãҺο㶯ֺ֣ã
޼ɣ˵ʲô뱦ֲûУ
Ľҡͷǵģ
ڰ֣ߵϽְɣ
Ľ˫һֵĵǲӦұ㲻֣
ãҴӦ㣬ӮңĿ㣡
ĽʱüЦúãˬˣܷǣһģ
һ仰˵ӽ̡
ĽƮƮһĿԶɵıƫһ˺ôֹסΣѾǺˡ
ĽҡͷĽʵвУԶ
ҧ𳤽ʱĽӲӣɭɭ磬ڵ¶Ƚһ˿
ĽվԭأֹʱƮƮһƣһ죬˳ȥĽɢȥ
ãȻվԭأֿտգĽ

Ľһסµĳ֮ٴһӹ˲ߣصԭλãѽϵԼϡ
ýýĽŽ˵ǰ̾Ǻýţ
ܳϾһղĽӹʱҪȴӦĽժ˽ʡ
ߵ޼ɣ
Ļ̌ͷѳУЦǺǵĵţûзԸҾͻȥˣҪ⽣øʦ㿴ĽĽ
ڰ֣ȥɣ
ţܳϳ
ĽҪתתͷܳϰɣҲҪ֣
ܳϻͷϷҲҪһ
ĽЦеĴһͷţӽſͷҡҡͷûʲôֵǮģҲܰ׸ɣ
ܳ¶һ˿΢ЦͷãʤϷһ̫һŵӵˣСø
Ľɫʱˣͷ⻰òˣʦ˲Ƕ˵þã
ܳϵǲ򣿡
Ľ϶ţ
ߣܳһס˴ſڣνǰϷҪĽ
ĽüͷĪº֣
ܳϺȻЦҵҪһĺ֣
޼ɣ㵽Ϊֹæ
ĽߵţҿɹܲסԼ֣ԼԹң
˵ջȭ˳ȥȭͷһӨӨƹ⣬ƺɵȭͷŻ˲䵽˲ܳǰ
ὣһնĽȭΪƣƮƮһġ
һУͬʱ˺Ľ˺һܳҲ˺һס֮ٴλӽ
ĽûνֻȭӦʹȫǽŵĹ򣬻ȭƣȭ˴ȭ˽ս书һۻ롣

һһ㣬緱˸ûвõĽ⣬ûɭɭĽƵᣬ޻
ĽȭŴûȭͷƣ罣ʽ仯ȴֲʧ࣬Ÿɾ䡣
ڳ߶ſ̾Ȼţô̵ʱ䣬ȴܽŵ书㾳أν¯ࡣ
ÿ˶˼⣬ԼǴﲻ㾳أȭĻ򣬸֮츳ֲͨȴ޷Ĩȥ츳Ĳ
ЩʽΪıܣһȭһƣ޲Ͻ书Ҳ̾硣
ٿĹȭͷһƹ⣬ȻǴȭ߽ս˼ľ磬ﵽ֮ĲΣһαչ书֪˵ڼ㡣
Ƕûջ羭Խջ羭죬ȴ֪һ㣬˹ȴʤԼɡ
˫۾ȼգû뵽Ľ书ﵽ㾳أɽɼ
ԼţүүҲţ츳Լүүֻ޼ɴƽֶѣԼ⣬ʤ޼
뵽޾ľɥѵԼһֻܱڽ£̧ͷ
ĵҧ֨֨죬˫ۼȼȭͷ߬ţѡ
ĽߵһĴȭ
Ȼƽƽһȭȭͷ⻪ţǰ㻮һƴ˲ϲܳؿڡ


712 
飡һ죬ܳ˲䵽ʮ⣬ҵǽϡ
мһͭľ类ײ飬ΪƬɢ俪ȥ
զ࣬ͭľ˽ɽУӲ潣Կ鵽̶ȣɼ̵֮ܳǿᡣ
Ľȭ¶һЦ
үүһ絽ܳߣǽһΰɼ
ҪȥۡһѪӭ䵲סַסܳϣүү
ĽƲƲ죬ͷĵİɣˣĠһӾͺ
һ࣬ߵţҿ˵ģ
ţȥɣæڰ֡
Ľɨһ۲ܳϣѾ۾ɻɢ·һʮ꣬һȭɢˡ
һȭٱﲻƣܳΪȴסӲĻͬʱġ
ܳ˫ۣĽ뿪ҡͷ̾Ϣһۡ³һѪ
渧׵Сӣнˣ
üЦȴǿסһȣܳϣ㲻Ҫɣ
ܳڲĲվĨȥǵѪգһ޼ɣȻ鴫Ϸܵòԩ
֪Ƹ׺ǺһЦţ´һ˻ˣ㲻ܲඡ
ܳϷһǰۣͷ˵ֵ޼ɹֶ֣ܼã
֪ƺǺЦһȳӸ˶֣ûȤ
ܳվˣ౧ȭţΪѣϷ䲻ģˣֻ
ЩεЦЦܳϣǻСһʶһԲŻ
ܳϰڰ֣ϷȻˣҲûٴ͸
ܳϺβԹߣæ
ܳҡͷǽⷹɲóԣϷܲ𣬸ǣ
˵ƿ֣תߡ
Ҳٶ˰͵ɽ¡

ˣǻСӻһصе
һӦһǣţ
Ц棬ɶԾһҲ¶ãƺһ㡣
ǺǣСӻҪģ渧Цֽһ㣬ǵڰ˲㻹ǵھŲˣʦܣ
ٽһ㣬ӦǵھŲˡ
תͷЦʦ֣Ľնȶǵڰ˲㣬޼ѾھŲˣϧϧջ磡
֪ƸЦЦ˵ջ羭ڽնȶ򾭣ķؼǸʣҿ޼նȶδ
˵Ƚջ绹أСӻһ㣬˵ǶȻŵģ
ŭһϮһֱɫĲ˵ʱѵ˵һ䣺ţٶȣ¸ʤһ
ϲüɫ裬ֽеʦ֣ϸǽü̫һڵ˸Ҳţ̵ģʹ죡ʹ죡
ʦܣ˵ɣЦ
͵ʦ֣и⣡
æڰ֣סʦܣסɣǺⲻҲգ
üЦĵҴ޼ȥ̫һڣҪ̫һŵӵô
֣æҡͷ
֪Ƹ׺ǺЦʦ֣ʦƣȴҲпȡ֮
üҡͷôɴһô죡
֪Ƶ̫һڴɵľѡȡŵӣ̫һѵΥЩ˵̫һΨף޹ԣϲ̫𡣡
ҪǾͷ
֪Ƹ׵ͷһԣ˵Ҫ֮ڣֻӲͷƤȡ޼ɡ
üȡ޼ɣҲò书
֪΢Ц⵹ᣬŽȻͬ棬̫һŲӰ죬ֻʩ̣⾡ɷģϵ̤һ
ҡͷʦ֣޼ǵӣ̫һڣ֪ܶٿأģŹˡ
ţ⵹ǲܲว׻ͷ

˵ŻĹĽƮȻֺǺǵĵǲ϶
ü޼ɣ񣬼ʹԵҲҪǽŵĵӣ
Ľ˵۾ɫƣεĵͷǣţǲܳʲô
Ѿˣضʣαչڼˣ
ĽʱͷȻŲ㣡
ţȻˡƽĵͷֲܴùܳϣһȭ˵Ĵȭʲô˼
Ľʱ˷ܵţʦλʦҷǽ书һأ
ʲôܣ൭ʡ
ⲻܸɫҪȻű˵ҪԼѩ޸
Ľȭսķʵǽջ羭
šüķǽջ羭
Ľ̤ǰһ˷ܵĵýջ羭߶ȭսԭķö
ЩɣģķĵģһСҪ߻ħ
ĽæֵղһȭҾýջ羭߶ģǲϡܳûֵסɣ
วų׻ͷƬ̣ߵĽǰû羭߶ȭ
ĽӦһȭͷȻɢʵĻƹ⣬͡һȭ˲䵽ǰ
ӭϣ顱һ죬ͬʱ˺һ
ȫ
ĽͷɵȫӲס
֣ϻ˵ֻȫǣ
ĽӦһȭͷطųӲӽ⣬˲࣬ûӦѾ˳ȥ
Ľһʮǽ£ֽס

ƿĽЩǱվˣȻۡ³һѪɫһǺ죬·˾ơ
һ֣һȵĽͷϣûĵ㻹º֣
ĽͷʦŽȫģ⻹һأ
ס࣬еʣʦ֣Ҫɣ
ͷĽһۣûĵǸɵСӣϽţ
òáڰ֣ĨȥǵѪûʲô󰭣ֻҪͺˡ
һ˼飬˼
ʦ֣޼ɰΰɡ
Ľæʦŵ˲Ҫģֻˡ
һۣ죡
Ľ޹Ŀһ죬һģҡͷ΢Ц
̧ͷ޼ɣôȭķ߶Σ
Ľֻһ
˼ĵͷȻһȭĽһ˾һۣһȭͻأֻܹ֮ܿ
֡ۡ³һѪĽæţ㲻˹ġ
ҡҡͷɡ
ʦ֡˼°ɡ
ͷ̫ʦУһ˼飬Ȼۡ³һѪҡͷѡ
ʦ֣ȵ
仯·γѣͷúã֪ˡ
Ľţǲǽնȶ򾭲У
ţȷʵɡͷ
ĽĵҾðɣǽľѧǽջ羭죡
ҡҡͷֻһ֮԰ˣջ羭żѣʹ󣬵ûɡ
ĽǴûҵŵԿף
ҵˣߵ
ĽͷȻǣҵˣ

˽Цҡҡͷû˵
ջ羭죬ңջ羭ûĸԭ
˵
ĽСȭ
˵СȭϾȭˡҡͷ
ĽֲѣȻȻ̫ССȭˣ룬ɵķкü׵ģŵ߼ٵѧǽûķŵ书һСȭǲе֣
еͷҵһֱûϸ
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໺ɨˣĿ⾼λʦܣĻܴȥ
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Ľæ²յǺЦʦ㣬İɣ󡱻Ҹ
˲ܹӣæʡ
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ʯһϮۣмȣ棬ʦɩַɺһϮ촽һ̶üҼŴ飬͸һ˿

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ַɺɫ糺죬΢Ц
ѩţСͤʯһۣ磬ʲôֵģЦ춼ְ˰
ʯæЦ죬һ˭Сˣ޼ɣ˵Ѳܳˣ
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ĽĵŲ㣬Сһ
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Ľڰֻ֣ʯ˵˵һ˫޵Ĺǲѽ
´ʯֿһַɺ磬ַɺڵһºˣæŤͷӵ˷۾
ѩҲˣݺݵһۣŤߡ

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714 ɽ
峿ʱ֣ģĽСԺյܰ
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ѩĽСԺǰţȴûӦ죬ѵ˯
˯̫Ǵ߳
˶Ŷ࣬ˣѹǵڵӷ׷͵ƣĿȡ
ѩţһڲڣ
ɿֲûжüߵѵûڣʱӦģȥĶˣ
˵껰ƮӹǽͷæҿûˣҲƮӽȥСԺ
ԺﰲѩѸٵ˼ӣûҵˣվԭغĵ治أ
С㣬ȥĶѽҡҡͷĵӦģȥǱ߿ǲָСȭ
˵ս⿪˨Ʈȥתۻҡҡͷûˡ
ѩаһȥңȥʯ⼸һֱǱ߳Է˵ȥ䷹ˡ
һȦûӰӣصСԺȥ͵ɽˣŮŭ
ûȥ˵ǵһ磬Ľû֣ȷĽ͵ˡ
Ůֻȥࡣ
һɫͱˣæ˰缰ϻ˹һȥңǲڱ𴦡
˾ڴڣѹ֣û˵ƺˣѩúѣҴ
˫۾â˸һԲѩףȼϲţɫࡣ
ʯҲˣѩǰߣҲǳ˵

κȻʯ˵ô˵ģ
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Сӣ淴ҧһ̫ʦη֣ɫࡣ
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ҡͷ׷ˣ
ЦЦʦܱ˵޼ɿǽŵĵһ֣ջ羭ھŲ㣬ʵ漣
̾ʵڲûܾΪʦΣ죬˼ɣʵǡ
ڰֵʦܣ㷨ʶҳģڽ̵ɽ׸ƣܵҲûʲôá
֪Ƹףͷô׹ܣҲûôĳɾܴͣܲ£
Ŀɨˣϡ
ҡҡͷеµΪǸĪ⣬޼ɵΪҪʤҿǺ
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ڼṦ̤ѩϽۣṦĲ
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ǹݣԭòȻָͬʣ棬ʹ˼Ҳϲ
λ֪ò࣬ͷȻ֪ѩѩҲû̫࣬˵˳
ѩһͷͻأ߾Ŀˣƹɽ˸⣬һ̧ͷֻܿԼԼɽ壬ƺ֮䣬ƻá
߷壬ɭȴʵǵ˼Ҳ֪ԭ
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һһ룬Ỻٶȴ죬ԼһӵĹѾ˰ɽǰȻһɽȡ
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ȴûжһɽ϶
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ЦԲŮæȵ
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һ˲ĽΧڵУνʣλν纮΢΢´бָɫĮûʲô顣
ĽЦĿŮֶûж


715 
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Ů޳üëһ΢۾Ӳ˺
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ŮбһۣߵʹʦûչأҲǼģİˡ
ĽЦָһӣܼӣ
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Ľһֱ΢Ц紺磬ִ磬ֻǵıУû֣ɫ˵ŮҲºһЩ
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ĽЦźѾȥˣôû˹жٶҲ̫˰ɣ
ŮЦʦˣ
šĽȻҿ˿Цˣ

ǰȻѩըѩĭУɫӰζ񻣬ȴٸ
ɫУźɫߵİɫ磬Χѩ׵ΧӳԽ覣Ӻݻ󣬲ˣǵصصĹˡ
Ůò毺ãɫʤŮһˣֻЩĮĽ
ǺˣΪδ󣿡һԲٸʵ
ۣ·һС͸һ˿
ĽȭЦտȻԷỪǣҪһӣȫ
Բٸҡҡͷʦֶڱչأͣ㻹ǻȥɡ
ĽæǧһƬϣȫ
ԵüΪƢһһԱţ˿ûвͷ֮ɫϿֿĶ
Բٸҡͷûõģ㻹߰ɣǲǿ
ĽüⲻǹĴ֮ɣʹ¼ӣкȿڲܻɰɣ
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Ľĵѵûˣ
ǸˣŵӡԲٸ
ĽЦȻӣдǣαؾǧ֮⣬ʵŴɵķȡ
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ĥȥĹ򣬸Ů˳ҡͷӻذɣŲ㡣
ĽüѲԶôĻȥ
ŮǸȻӲҪĥˣУһ˾ģգ
һĽŤ˻ȥ

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Ľüû뵽棬˰»ˣ
ԲٸżȻ㻹ذɣ
Ľ̲סŭΣ
ǾҪˡԲٸǵ飬
һٸҡͷӺαֿԣ˵ɢĪҪ棬
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ٸһۣҡҡͷ֮УϵĶˣַӦײĲᡣ
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Ľתһȭ顱һ죬վԲٸȴ˳ȥͣסϥѩ
ٸҲˣĽһˣ֮һȭȭҲཻ顱һ죬ѷٸҲɡ
˶ɿ⣬˫ѩü
ĽȭλǰҶ֣ɣ
ٸһۣͷȻһ꣬ʧĽѾеص
һٸ֣·һֱվֻǿȻѣ졣
θ·͸ˮң˵ԸУ쵰ӴЦݣ֮ס
տȻǰɣ
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ɡ΢Цٲɽߡ
͡ĽЦȥٽȥ֮ʻŮ΢Цף棬ȼѡ

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ĽԼ·ƬĶڣڣǰȻʣһƬɽȣůϢ·Ӻ˴졣
ĽԾĴƽ̹̲ݵϣһ峺羵ĺӳű׵ơ
Ʈ˿˿Ƶİƺһ¯ɢůɽȵĺ⣬ʹΧдУ紺졣
Ľ̾Ϣ컯֮棬ӦȪΧů·յһ㡣
һȺŮݺݺ࣬ߴߴַǳĽɨһۣŸ죬ккǶ
ǰôӣĽ΢Цʵ
ٸŤͷ΢Цţеûʸ
ĽЦ֮ȻܿԭΪһƬȴû뵽ů紺
ٸӯӯһЦǵĵһλпˡ
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ٸǿľ裬ЦӴˣţҪΪſˣþ书ųɣȺӾ˵ʸΪſˡ
ĽЦԭˣ
ٸȻһЦİɣҪҪˣҲ鷳
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ĽЩڣǺڿˣһ㡣

䲻ڣȴ糣΢ЦųŮ׵ͷѺã棬ǵŮ΢Ц
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ΧĪ㵵ĵɴ۾ŲţΩִһһʽ
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ĵ˽ѩĿ£һˣʹٸǿ书Ҳûãֻ沨Ҫġ
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ҡҡͷٸ˵תֱ뿪ˡ

ļ죬ĽһֱԺޣܸоŨĺڣֲµΪ뻷йء
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719 ɱ
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ĽһӣԼڵУȻԼĺϢһط
ͬʱ֮۴򿪣ɽȵΣÿʮһ飬γһƣ˷ɢûв֮
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ĽȻһЦԼһֱ޼ɰɴ³ӣһȷʵͦ˼ģʹöࡣ
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ХˮŤͷʦ壬ʦ壬ǳ֣ɱ⣡
һĸ̾˿ţɱ
˲ż֣ɽֻһȥ·طǸаɵľڣȥǲܵģٺõṦҲûá

ˮҡҡͷ˲ˣҲΪãôȥ֪ʲôӣ
Ȼ漴Ȼţ˵
һֱɽϣûʲôˣǱ˼죬ദõģ书൱νվ顭ˮҡͷ̾Ϣ
룺ɡҿδ֪Ů֮أ⺢ӶԹһֻΪ֮Żôά
ˮ̵֮мģ֪ʲôʱͻɱˡ
Ź˰ɣҲ⺢ЩϧˣѩʱҲûͰ¾벻Լ㱾Դĺʵѵá
ˮüȥʦ塭
æܻܲӣҪȻ뿪ô
ˮҡͷǸ
Բ̾ʦ㣬Ҳ̫˵мһˣǲˣûƵˣ
ˮ̵ͷʦǣʦ壬ҪҸʦһȥɡ
ʦҡͷ̾Ϣȥɣ书̫ǿȥΣգΪŲվ


721 
ˮ̵ͷʦ壬ҪӦң飡
ʦ忴εĵðɺðɣҲˣѾͷҪˣ
ҪҲʦҪһӾͺˡˮ̵
ʦҡͷ̾ϢԸ˰ɡ
ʦ㣬Īنǿȥɣһü
ʦ߰߰ɡ
ȽȽţŻȴת۲ӰΨˮһ˾վţŲԵĺ
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ˮŤͷüĽ㣿ղ˲㣿
ĽһϮֶҡҡͷ΢Цҡ
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ĽҡͷҲɱˣҷ£ʩչ˼ƣұǵĺѡ
ˮ´һۣһЦ˼ƣ£
ĽͷЦ¹һɣҺϲ
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ĽЦðɣʦĶԼĵã˵ôأ
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Ľüͷһ΢ЦΪΣ
ɱң²ԭ㣬ǻΪҡˮ̵
ĽȻЦˮţȷʵܴ̯ôһʦǲҡ
һȭˮӣסȭͷ
顱һ죬˶˺һˮɫأû뵽Ľ
ˮ̵˲Ҫɣ
͹һ仹ûãɱû⡣ĽЦٴγȭ

飡ٴκˡ
˵·ˮ̵ΪѷԼĽ⣬һҧȼʩչ
飡ٴӲһȭĽһˮɫ죬Ѿˡ
ĽǺһЦδ֮ʣǰȻһѣᱡ֮
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ĽһĨţ˹ȿڣһȺŮӵڹȿڴ㣬γɼԲ
ĽЦһһХХףŮĶУΪʱѪ޷תһķ
һХǷҵķΪʤһ޷Գ֡
󳪵޳֣Ҫ񣬸ǿľҵľϣԽԽǿԽǿᡣ
һζȴûоޣĽ߼ߣʩչһ±סŮ
ǲԶˮҲһͣͣͣѪŸһŮǲá
ԶХĽһ֪죬Ҫ׷ˡ
ȼƣΪ񱩵ľǰײ˵İΧֱɽȿڣȻʧ
ˮ̽ų֣һ˶ڣȻһӿæһܿ洫ĽĴЦˮţԶˣǣ
˵ǽŲԶȥˮȴóȻǰӴ˶̶ʱ䣬ȴΣթ֮С

Ӱһڣüţ
Ѿˡˮ̵
׷æҪʩչȥ׷
ˮȴһ֣ʦ壬׷ˡ
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ˮҡͷ̾˿ϧŻɽ
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Цҡͷ޼ɵӣǶֹ˼Уû֣һֱߴЦǲ֪ϵˣ
ôŵ书üҡͷʹģԼˣ
Ц޼ɽ̵ģһ˼죬˴˵书أƾʣѧ˽ŵ书Ҳûʲôϡ档
ͷЦѽ书ǰ̶ȣҿţŵĵûˣ
ˮüô˵޼Ҳѧ书
Цŷİɣѧǵ书Ҳûãķʩչ
ˮ̵ҡͷȥˣ
æЦûᣬƸûȥˡ
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ˮҡͷﶼƭˣ˾³çթ򲻿ɴˣһʧˣ£
æţʵҲֲףҲǶԹϾ޼޼ɱɱˣ㣬ǷҪˣ
ʦ˵ţ˰ɡ

ˮҡͷйɹ棬ݲӱܡ
תֶȥʱŮվ⣬ǵ׷׼ЩãĿ
ˮ̰ڰ֣ﶼɢ˰ɣæġ
Ů棬ȴҶʣˮ̵ɫƣȥҲûȤǸɢȥˡ
ˮƿŽСԺСԺǰ̨ϣٸһĬȻ
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ôͲܺúദأʡ
ˮҡͷΪ̫ĳޣѾ޷ˡ
ĬȻЩ̫ףȻҲٶʣʦʲôʱȥڣ
ھȥɡˮ̵ԼѣҲЩԵģÿʮȥһγԵģ;ɡ
ǣʦµͷ뿪СԺ
ӯ뿪ˮ̾Ϣһҡҡͷϧ֮ɫ
ѩķ嶥ǳһϲȥȥܿᱻˣʹָҲס
Ǳ񹦣ֵܹסҲ࣬һ˶ʯڣ¼ţҲ֪ܲܿס
ε̫ˣȻٰ޼ɣע⣬֮ͨҪ׷Ǵˡ
ǲúõķΥŹ棬ҲûһģȥҲһˡ


722 Ƿ
һСĽϣܣСȥ
ǵһɽСÿһ¶ĵɽһˣһЩɽ
ʹģǲɣֻжֵ
ΪӶйḻľɽʲôֵ£ֻǺƽԲ˼
Ĵ粻ĵӣһũ帾Ůòƽƽ棬ζ毺һЩڿ֮£Ҳ̫ۡ
ȺǸ࿴һۣòƽƽԺһЩũŮκһЩҲûʲô档
Сǵһ֬һЩ֬ˮۣȻȥߵһЩߣŪȻСߡ
ɽﶼԸ㣬ԵĲȱܷʢɽµĸʢ֣Ͼʱ䣬ûʲô߲ˮɽȴů紺Ϲ߲˺Ƿʢɽºõö࣬ʲô
һЩΣȻһЩճƷǮ֮࣬֬ˮ֮࣬һЩ黭
ĵÿɽһβɹݸİ磬ñϳйλá
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뿪֮ĽһҡҡͷջǾȥ¡
ϾΪԼű꣬ůʵĵطڿຮ֮أݺ˵ɽϼ䣬ֺХ԰˵ľݻٵģᶨҲı֤һܰù
Թ˷ȻƮС彣ȣЩ죬Ϊ˵Ŀ⡣
Ϊ֮Խ磬Խױϳ
ѩ棬ֱֱϵɽ壬ҡͷ̾һ澰ֱֱµɽ˸ʣͷ֮ɭɭ֮羴С֮УĪҪڵء
˷ǧɣֱ嶥סͷֱֱɽ֮ߣû˸ʵǡ
ʹṦҲԱסһйһþˤǷǡ
룬ҧҧƮϣһֻڻһʯڣ⻬̦谭ʵǣ鶯硣
ת۹˰ԶȻһϼϣһ
̫ģڿУĽһһϣ棬֮ݡ
ʹ书ĸ֣ҲʵһΪʵ壬ҪҪǿ塣
ϲԽΪܣⲻһˣָҲãԽϣȻԽԽȴʱˡ
ǿԶ㣶УʱǿʱǳҲǿĴ޼
Ľǿᣬǧ֮弡Уתջ羭޸ƣ͡
ʵǣĸԽԽÿһ϶ҪԽָоԽԣԽԽأ·𱳸һɽ
תͣ޸飬ϵϼԽԽʢ˺Ӱֻܿ⡣

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һĵҲԽԽƣĽҡͷ̾Ϣɽ廹治һġ
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ĽԸ˽ղ񹦣нջ羭䲻ǿ֮ǿᣬС
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ĽһǿŶԸߴĿ־壬һ˷嶥
嶥һƬγɵԲοյأ⻬羵һȾһĽǾ棬ȴ˲ֱϥϢ
յϻһ޴ʯͷĽ˼ۣʯͷԼһô󣬵ôģѲǷ֮壿
ϢƬ̺Ź⻬羵ı棬淴ӳգƾڱϡ
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723 
ҡҡͷ㣬ôģ
ƺŷ⣬Ľ´ͨ·еӰѳֵģһϲοĽ
һǴֱľڣܣѲǲųģ
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һʱ˳ʯңڱд裬ú죬˼鶯żãԼһ˶ͬն
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ȷʵףէûʲô촦ԽԽζ̷
ǾһСȻֶڱǬȻͣͣھȥ°Ȼ
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ȴΪȻٶʲôãûʦ滪ʦľ򣬸Ϊǡ
Ľȴͬ⣬Ȼ֣˸Ȼ˶Ըǵİ취书һУԸ˵ķʤܴ⡣
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ȴң޹˼ɣȻǴа˿ģ鵭ĮΪǿ飬ȴ֪ѧʦıˣȴһСŮʲôҲ
ʯ࣬ƣɽȥʹХĺҲ޷谭
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ĽվԶܸоɭɭԽԽǵ󷨹Ȼˣ⡣
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˵飬ȻָɵȷʵãĽı飬ˡ
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ɫ磬Ǽӽ·ܸܲϵĽʡ
ŷţͷٹһʱܵ
ǺãߣĽУɽһתķһ߿ǰ·
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ʯЦЦҡͷүӵĴ٣ҪպҹȾˣ
Цֹɷ򣬼ֱǸ޵࣬飡
Ľַɺߣ˱ǣʦɩǲ׷ѽ
ַɺбһۣƳһʯæ˵
ĽЦеĵİɣʦֲС۵ģʦɩò磬ĸ˲ϲ
ûŮ˲ϲάַɺȻȴҲףʱЦӯӯĵǰɣҲǵˡ
ĽĴָ
⻰شüʦˣȸеԺֲԴףʯЦݱ֪仰Ч
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ĽЦʦɩģǽ磬Ͱʰˣ
ַɺҡͷ̫һڵģ㲻Ҫ֣̫һڿǼ̵ģ
ĽǺЦʦɩϢͨǲһ·ϹŸʦֲ࣬
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ĽЦʦɩ̫һڵͽڱ̫һ׷ɱأ
ģַɺһȻҹ
Ľҡͷ̾˵һǷһ
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ĽЦʣʦɩ˽
Ҳ֮㣬֪һַɺͷɶЩ֮鱨ӣл㼯ġ

ʯ˵һһ˵ú֣֮Ż棬̣ͬ·硣
һӦһŶĽַɺĻһ˵ǷӲɵӣһĽͣȻˡ
ǳɣҲ֪ʦ帺
ĽЦǳûҵ鱨ѽ
СַɺЦŵͷ
ĽȤʣ涼˵ʲô
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Ľüô³çû˵׼䵹ǲǺǡ
˵Ÿ˸ڵĳףЦȷʵмǼƵģ
㣬ַɺҡͷЦҾ䶼ԣ
Ľûĵҿɲ³çһһ¯㣬˻ϣҪǲŻʲô˼أʦɩ˵ǲǣ
ַɺҡͷЦ֮ûʲôģҪĻֲźá
ĽߵҲŲʲôС֣ҪҪȻ书ǰ
ʯȻһ䣺ʦܣЩ۾ͱó
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ʯһۣ˵ɣ㣬Ǻһ蹷ҧ˲ɿڵģ
ĽһðɣҴ
ʯæ֣㻹ЪŰɣ벻Ĵݣ
ĽЦαô鷳ȥģ߯ʹ죬Ұȥˣ
ȻԽַɺ磬ͷյʯߣѹʦ֣Һ˵̫һڵ̫أҪҪ
ʯæ֣̫ƶûʲôãֲ鷳
Ľǲ̫һģǶҪˣȻǣ
ʯæҡͷɱ鷳
Ľε̾˿ʦ֣㵨߯Сˣ
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Ľε̾Ϣһģô˵ùðɣʦֵİɣ
ʯ۾˿ʦܣĪҪ
Ľûĵͷ֪֪־ǣǿϧˣ̫ư
̫ǵõҲûܣʯһۣߵڻǲ̫һڣ书ˣ̫һڲ٣ʱ̫һڵĶݺ޼ɣҪ书ģ
Ľ̾˿εĵͷ
˵ŻĹӭȻ𣺡̫һʷʷϣӵ
ĽǺЦֿඣ
ʯҡͷ˵̫磬ǲģ
ĽЦеĵӦ׷ɱģ˵ǻס֣
ʯ磬ҪҲ󡣡
Ľҡͷҿɲô룬̫һںʲô˼ɣҪֱ㶯֣Ĺʲô粻磡
ַɺ翴һʯֿĽҲͬʯĻϾŴɣҪһȵġ
Ľҡͷ΢Ц̫һڵİԵ֪ģʦʦɩģȫһ֮ȣɲ֪̫һڵᡣ
ֻһߣЦ̵ӣЩˡ
Ǹ꣬Լʮ꣬˫΢ŵǣԵƬ̣
֮ʯʦܣҪˣʲôġ
ĽЦеĵһ߳Զһ߿ֲиоʦ֣Ϸǿඣ
ʯҡͷʧЦС֮ĶȾ֮
ĽЦ̫һڵӵĻ¼ûСඣ
ַɺЦʦܣ̫һﻹм˵ġ

ȵţȴվ׷ױȭǰӭ̫һڵˣʯǽȻͬ
ĽȣЦָǣʦ֣ƼûУǽźʱ簡
ǾͿǵʯЦֻҪýŹ˾صġ
ĽЦԸ˰ɣ
ַɺЦӯӯĵʦţΪ֣޵֣ȻǸ߿һۣҲġ
ĽЦеĵǾʦɩĸһŬùģ
˵ĹǴӵ̫һڵ˽ǺѾ˵ط£һ۵λãעĻ
̫һڵ˶Ű£һϮۣθߴ࣬ӷüһɺȻüɫӶ⻬Ӥ׷֮ͯǡ֡
һ꣬ѩ񣬽üбޣ˫纮ǣӢˡ
ұһŮӳӾӨתɵǣһ±Ŀ⣬˵Ľ룬һ˼֡


735 
˽֮˶ΧȥɳŵˣΨĽۡ
һҲۣļ˶λԲһЩүӹϵõģ붡ǡ
Ŵţ˿
ĽЦеɨһۺ֪ҪʲôȻ̫һڵˣαطҪڴ֮ͥأ
ҡͷѣӹȻǷӣĪ
̫һ˽֮󣬴Խ֣ǲͣıԼţߴкûаͽֺãȴ֮⡣
Ȼ˵λͬ죬ݵģȻ̫İͽֺãϾ̫һڸ߲ʣܹһ飬˵ܹأȻܷŹᡣ
ǶݵģҪ֣άԼķȣҲǿˣƤȻһ˺ö֪࣬ʧĵ
¶Цݣȭһһ˺ѣܳŮȴˣӸµȻҡ
ǼˣҲȥƨɣʷͣĺ֮Уǰͷǰ
ĽѾǿʯһĽվȭЦʯʷϡ
ʷ´һۣ΢Цӣû뵽˹ˣھˣ
ʯȭЦδߴ٣ò
ʷ΢Цŵͷɽᣬҹζ࣬Ȼ˲λȷʵף
ʯ΢ЦʷϹˡ
ʷЦͳöȢֹΪҪǰһû⣬ء
Ľ죬ˣڳɣ̩ӶͱˣԼ߶֣Ǽ϶书ȷʵ
ʯЦЦͳòصҽˣʷôݹ٣
ɽȻأҪͶ̫һڵĳϳһЩ
ʷ΢ЦҴͽɢɢģ˳֣һ֣ɽн飿
ʯЦǼҸǰЩ顣

˵ŻĹĽŶŮһİɫбԼߣһ˫۾ַɺ磬Ŀȡ
ĽüһŮʵ񣬶ַɺʯķˣԼʦɩôˡ
룬йɲǸأӦýܵѵ˿ʯסˣôʦ
Ƶַɺǰס˹Ŀ⣬΢΢ЦĿȴмơ
ַɺ磬̧ͷŵĽüͷӭĽĿ⣬о֮⣬ЩƵĵɹ
ĽɹȥƵ˼ŨȻɨһ۹飬С۲תĿⲻκԡ
Ľһ±㿴ðǱԼȴģȤء
ģˣΪɫ˼֣˶һѣʦɩûʲô˶
ַɺᳶһĽӣʦܣҪ¡
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Ľͷİʦɩ
ַɺůʦȻ³çԣǸز¶ĴˣȴĳܵԼǰԼͷ
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ĽһԻ鿴ǾĪ
ڻϽͣŭڵϳ壬ְϣŭĽʲôˣ
Ľҡͷô
ʷʯںѣ

ô£ʷüʣĵ侲ó嶯ΪʦĻˣ
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ĽĪĵôˣһûô񣡡
˫ҿʲôŭߵ
ĽЦҡͷֻ׼ҿ׼ҿ
㡪Ȼŭ˫ȼգְϽҪγ
ҪҶʷڰ֡
ŭδǺ죬ŭĿĽףǶļһ֮֮ǱԼҿߵִ˶ģ
Ľҡͷ۾ҿֻһۣͲĵģѽ
ʯæȵʦܲ񣡡
ĽƲƲ죬ǲҡͷٶ˵
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Ľ΢Цͳұǲǣ
ǺǣʦܻģҪСˣʦڱչؿһžѧһ޳ˣ˵úܣʷЦŵͷ

ĽٺЦһ̫һڵľѧȻǼģҾ͵ඡ
һĽ֣ɫ΢΢һ£֮һ٣ܴܼʦ壬ԼǶ֡
ֻˣȽԼ书ٺúˣ
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ǹ飬Ľ֮ĿһֱɨɨȥϿ¿һ顣
֪ʦʦڳɳ˱񣬰ܸ˽ŵ޼ɣʦʦǶ˵޼ᣬΪˣš
һֱΪʹҲڲʮ꣬ϾڹȡɣҪùʦʦ֣ûɲɡ
ؿĽʮҵӣ죬Ҳ˲úߣռϷ硣
Ľգգۣڵһ죬æŤͷȥٿһĻŤͷĹš
ŭڵһ³ԴҲ˲ν̡
ͣһХ⵽Ľǰһ㣬Ǽŭ֮Բҵƣ졣
ĽЦе֣ʳָĴָϣӭŽһ
֮ڴƲһ֪Ǳɶõı
ƣһ⣬䵽ϷĴϣѩ׵Ľ·
ĿɿڴĽš
Ľջָҡͷ̾˿νɱˣҲңǱˣѾ⽣ˣ
ʷɫŹʲô
ʦҪɱҧŭĽղŵľѾʧɱ⡣
úǻĽĶ飬˹ۡ
ĿУ̫һ޵Уܹ⣬ɱʲôˣɱʲôˣ
ݵú֣ʷ
ĽʦһҪɱ

һĵģʷ֪±򣬳ô£ǳμ棬гޣ
ҧá
ĽҡͷЦҸò˵òɣ
ʯæʦܣ˵ɣ
ΪͷۣʦܹȻǸǻʹ˵Ҳ鷳ǵ̫һڵĵӰνɱһʦܰʲôٶˣŭ˹
ַɺ֪ĽԼȴֵŭ̫һڣʦܣ¸һʶ
ĽεĵҲһʶνҪɱˣܹܲԹԵĵɱɣ
ʦܣʡʡİɣʯε̾
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һʷ΢Цʷϣ̫һǰѾһλ֪𣿡
ʷɫ΢䣬һע⣬ŤͷĽʲôˣ
ĽЦ
Ҳˣʷæ
Ľ΢Цųĺһָ


736 
ȻųУȴһֱŶĽǰһ仰ʱѾòû뵽ĽָԼ
ﰵ޲õĽˣȴҲ֪ûлˡ
ʷ˾һָʱıӰ׷ɱôãȻһ۱ϳˡ
ʷ
תĽ΢΢һЦģ֮͸ձص𣡡
ĽЦеĵͷðҵ㣬ûôأ
Ц٣Сˣ
ĽҡͷЦô£ѵһģӴѵ㲻ĺðƻ
װ֪׷ɱ֮£էĲ֪飬ʯЦѣʦܣȻçײȴҲмСܰ˻ˣ
Цһתͷʷȭʷϣǻ겻ɢţ
ʷ׳̾Ϣһҡͷһȥɣŷ仹һĪϷ飡
б˵ʷϣһ׼ٴȱİϷȥҲǸǸβ̧ͷ
һ飬£ʷָָΧˣô˼֤Ҿʳԣ
ЦһҡͷʷϣĪΪСӣôƭɣ
ʷüʷģ֪ôʦѾģңͰˣ
бһۣҡҡͷ˵СӲʲô죡ʦǺǣЦ
ȹ˵Цܱһҵ书ҵֽţȻڵǱһ
㷸ܻһ㲻
תسϣһֱɱңΪǱ̫𣿡
ʷ̫Ʒˣ
ЦĵһǶ֪ĵطð㾡ɱң̫ᣬҲֵ

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ֵĿĽ֪Ľڵʲôʦܵ볣˲һ˭Ҳ֪Щʲôȥ뷨ѰգŲȥ
ЦЦҡҡͷתȥǡ
ĽʩչͨҪŪλãʱĺ˼άңһ飬ĽŪ뷨ֻε̾Ϣһ۾
ʷüСأ˵գҪβܻ̫ƣ
ЩĹЦ˵أҵʷϣ
ʷ
Цݣ͵ȻˣƫҪɱңҲֻ̫ˣ
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ĽЦǸӣȴҲˣúţ
ʯҡͷ̾˿ĹܣǷʤ
⻻Լղžͻϵˣû뵽ôһУʷ׷̫һڻɱɱⲢΥԡ
ʷȵⲻǲУ㵽Ҫ
ߵҾǸһ·
Ľ̾Ϣһ˵պصģͱˣ̫һڵͽ̫һɱ㣬δ棬ϺڣΣǶҪɱģûл·
Цģǵպ㣡
ĽҡͷûлˣΪһ̫һھͻŹ㣬ǼʹҪҲҪɱģҪȻ̫һڵĵӶһô죿
죡ϺȵɫЩŤ˵˵
Ľҡͷ̾ϢҲǸˣҲе

һ֮ɫĿźǿһˣʱ˫۾â˸Ϻһ
һȭĽһ
Ľ˺һιպصģӦǣʲô
ȭ磬ҧгݵĵĽҼʹҪҲҪ汳ģȥҰգ
Ľһ߶һ߽еʷǰڲָʱ
ʷ΢ЦǷֳʤ˵
Ľеʷǰ߯ˣ̫һڵĵӣͲܹܣ
ʷҡͷ̾Ѿѳ̫һڣǵˣҵģҲֵز
ʯüʷǰ治ܣҪˣ
ʷһ֣΢Ц㣬ֻҪɱͳɣҪʳ̫Ƶ䡣
ʯҡҡͷ֣ۣиô
ʷüͷһ壬ʯְϣ˫ԽԽâţʱҪν
ҡͷ̾˿ǽǰɣ飬ϰɣ
һУϵĳٿһµֽסˣ
һ¶ģȻ㣬ⶨʲô湦գôԶľǣȻ̫һڵĳϣΪ湦
ǣʦͬʱӦνʣӹȥ
Ľһֱû֣һ߶һ߽еүӵĴ٣˶
ᣬν˹ĽĽ
Ľ֮䣬һǡõסȥ·

ĽǺЦһһۣǡøȻ󽣼ֱսȦ
ͬʱֻܰνӭսӰ˸˽һ𣬴ѷѽ⡣
˵Ľ㶼ףʽ죬ˮ˿ĿĿϾӣ°̾
ĽƮصʯǰЦ̫һڵĵӹȻװҿǺǱ
ʯЦʦܣͣͣɣ
Ľίĵʦ֣ȴҵģҿûְ
ʯһۣҡͷЦתͷС
֣Ӱ˸ʵʽһнһУÿһж˻ζ
ĽȻĿУȻֹ书ȻߵˣΪȴûõ书
齿ᣬȴɾ䣬ʣҷ緶ܺúһҡ
ĽҲȴȱ˼鶯ÿһʽƴȴЩӲ壬ǹһԲӦֲˡ
˺һһһᣬһӲһ鶯л֮ˣռһ˿Ϸ磬Ҫȡʤп⡣
˶Ŀתĵ۾̫һڵĽѵһ˶֪̫һڵ书߾ַʶ̫һ书ȴֺ̫֮һڵĵӲض֣ƾˣҸǶ֡
ת۹򣬰йȥԽԽ·磬ҪˣĽЦеĿʷ᲻֡
ʮйȥ˵Խӣʱܣ䲻Ķͷһĺ顣
ǡʱžһ죬˵Ŀ⡣
ȥʱսһǰĵ̺ӣѾϳأʮ
ȥʷĵĽ
ĽЦеĵʷϣ͵Ϯɲ˾ΪͽܴһѾãҪ㣬ΪͬһԱûʲô飬ȴҲˣ

ããʷĽԼκĹȻЦȻӢ꣡
Ľ΢Цҵ
ʯüȵʦܣú֣
Ľתͷʦ֣ʵڿۣʹΪ˲ͽҲֶܲΰ
ʯüǱǲøţ
Ľҡҡͷĵ֮۾಻ɳӣ
ʷЦһϵĿһ˦Ľһÿ˦žһ죬ڿײζء
ʷĽӣ¶Ҫˣ
ĽȻǲӶˣһӶأǽҲ֮һˣ
ʦܣʯЩŭĺȵ
Ľҡͷʦ֣ҹܶˣ
ҵĻǲˣǲǣʯŭߵ
ĽŲӺߵʦֵĻȻģ⣬̫ˣʵڿȥ֣ܲ
ʯǺƱҪַɺæס첲ʦ֡
ĽͦŲӣҲ㣺ʦ֣ңҲҪܣ
һߣö˴ΣӣϱҪܡ


737 
ããʷЦҲӣ֪Ľİַһǽңα㲻ˡ
Ȼһ˺ĳ˿ð̾û뵽̫һڵûзȣݣһСлһСʵʧͳ
°ҡͷȴû˸ұʾ̫һڿһ£֣̫֮һɣȴԵһñӿɣ
ǶĽ˺øУ޼ȻӲȴǸĳģܹ̫һڵ㣬ʵѵ֮
Ҳֻ֧֣ܰұʾñ̫һǨŭ
飡һ촫ֻǰӰһĽʷǰ˶һơ
ĽһҪײ˵Ľ⣬˸һ£Ȼ˴ĽһĽġ
ҪһҲĽ
һ죬Ľ֮Ƶ󱳣ָһ£׼ȷĵ˽⣬۾
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ߣҼһּѨҪֹסѪ
һ̵ýʵֺݣν̤֮ǰҪһ˹
ӣȴ˲ƣܲƴ񹥣籩꣬жܾ˵ļʽƵúæң˲˹
ĽһʷҲźһȻû뵽޼ɵΪȴ͡
ˣʷʱˣ˫ۺ䣬һǰһỊ̃ӹĽǿ֮ĩһ֮ƣϱҪˡ
Ľʿݺ㣬ͽҪܵ顣
ĽһƮһƻԾĽһӭ֮⣬ԼһҪԴ
ҶʷŭһӲӲһۣǰתߣ˹ǰӭ
飡һ죬ͬʱһ

ĽǺһЦʷǰУͽҪѽ
Ȼʧ˹̽һ̣ץ˳ȥʷǰ
ʷæֽӹʱһɫ˰ף漴Ǻ졣
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ʵڲ⣬ôõĻôװ׷ŹˣԼˣʦûˣԼ䲻֧Ҳǿߣ׽ûᣡ
ŬĵϢ糺ԵӲĽ֪ΪξԼ
߰գ˵ʷתȥ
Ȼ⣬ŹʦִˣҲֻӣͷݺݵһĽżϡ
ǺǡһˬʵĴЦɽȻ
̤˴ȭЦ̫һڵĸ˴ݹ٣ԣ
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ɬɳƣ֮·һ˵˶Ҹ֣һ׾ԾĵĽ
ɽȴ֪ǺЦȻˣΪμߣ
ʷҡͷʱܲ뿪£
˵ղٶ˵ǰȥɽÿ·Ŀǵ뿪
ĽҡͷЦ̫һڵķȰ

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ʷɲ֮Ǵģǿ̫һڵ磬쾹Ľϣ˶þ
νʣģҲм㣡
ĽתͷôԾ˵ģ
ˣЦһҡͷ㣬ܷң˵˵ȥⶼɵģ
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ĽüҪ߻Ҫû㣡
ȻЦ˶Īַ֪ʲô񾭣һӰ
ĽĴЦתͷЦʦ֡
ʯһۣ㻹֪Ĵʦ֣
ĽæЦʦ֣֪ȥܷΣ
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ʯߵ̫һڲܵֲǲ֪Ϊ̫һڶˮˣ
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ĽæͷѣЦǾǣʦɩ˽ң
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ʦַ֡ɺ
ʯŤͷȥˣȭԹɽЦ򲮸
ǺǣʯԹˣſɺãɽЦеʡ
ʯ΢ЦҸãҴʺá
úãˣǵͷӡɽЦ

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ַɺһЦбһۣҡҡͷ
Ľһ飬֪˾֪Լʦ˫أϷ˿ġ
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ַɺһۿˣίʵʦⱲҪʦɩġ
ɽʯ˼䣬Ľˣɽȷʵн飬ҽ鲻ǳ˲ûȫɳڣнţɲû˽ӴλڱżԶûн顣
κͥĽʷĹУ˴⣬ʱΪڻǶ֡
Ц֮󣬼˶ԼЦһһԣˡ
˶֪̫һڵͽһ书ȷʵˣҲû˹ܡ
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Ľ΢΢һЦʦ֣Ҳ˵ܱ̫һڵõҪá
ʯҡͷңҪ벻̫һڵõ̫ƣɱ˺񲻸ãһɢ
ĽЦһ£ͷðɣõⱾš
Ϊʲôʯʡ
Ľ˵ء
ʯҡͷ̫Ҫ֮壬Ϊ⣬ѵ֮ǣҲʮ꣡
Ľ΢ЦĽջ羭˵̫ơ
ģʯһ
Ľҡͷ΢ЦҪԿһ˿ܡ
šʯͷһԣ̫Ѿã˵ǿϧûɡ

˵˵Ĺ翪ʼˣƲ˶һźǷ׷׹һơ
һŵĶͷˣү㣬Ǿүӣ׷׹Ľ
ղĽľٶܰʷˣ𺳣ԶʤΪ飬ۼΪʵ
ĽһӦˣף߲ܣ˵ӣ˰ٱȥȴ治ɫ
ûƾƵļ󣬿˺Ȳɲѣֱ
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飡һ죬תͷȥȴһӣָһ˴ЦƾҲҪ̫ƣ
꺺ӱĽǣθ׳ߵԼҲûãβóô￪۽磿
бЦǲǾѳ̫һڣû˳Ժ۸
첻ó߳꺺һӣЦһ̫һڵͽʲô


738 
Сʵ㣡
󺺴һ̵ģȭ
һȭ죬ڴŵģңĽ䲻ϵȴҲһȭѵãơ
бȭͷ˸ǰغһһ½סˣһɼתͻأ֮
ָһͷ󺺶ʱ쵹ȥ顱һ죬ƺ˻Ρ
תͷȥһ̲ѪѪ֮˱Ƕ
ɱˣ˾
ĽüǸӣ֮µĿ־壬ˣº飬Ǻ
ôȥ֪ᷢʲôϵ²١
ʯüһֵۣζ
Ľҡҡͷ˵Ǵﲻ̫̰ģС˺û뵽޼ɵɱ䡣
ĽתͷɽֻɫһȻơ
νķЦһҪ̫ŵģһϣȫˣ
ôĿһЦУһ߻ǰθߴɫ󣬿Ϊǳ˫տտ֮ϡ
磬㾹ɱ䣬ʵڴ󲻾
ЦҲҪţ
λֵҵ꽻Ҫ߳ߵ
һָðǱ֣ϻ˵
һ̳Ϊһ㺮âѸǣһֱֱһ̡
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һǡǡԼ㣬ƵֻܱУɱԼĽ⡣
һǡô۹⾫׼ûʮĴʹ̫һڵĵӹȻС
°ţϱУâǵ˺
Цԣ磬һ̣һ̣ڽ֮Уȴ·Сˣһ㣬ڶˣ

Ľҡҡͷʯüʦܣȥֹգɱˣ
Ľ̾ʦ֣ûҪһοգ
ѵɱˣʯûĵ
Ľ̰ģӦ֪֣ǸҲá
ٷϻϽģʯûĵ
Ľҡͷַɺʦɩƴʦ֣ĳ
ַɺЦʦֵİɣ
һģˣĽ̾ҡͷһһ˦
ʱһߣ͡һӵˣײĳַɳȥ
߽ҵӣ˲תߡ
תͷĽģΣ
Ľҡͷүӵ磬˼Ѫ⣡
Ѱ·ο£
Ľҡͷ̾Ϣһк֮£ܲɱ˻ǲҪɱ˵ĺã㻹ǸϽ߰ɣ
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Ľüҡͷתͷʯʦ֣ô죿
ʯҡͷ֪һǸӣԳ֮
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ҿû裬ȷˣʯҡͷЦ
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ĽҾãʷڶɱģȻ̫ƣҲҪɱģ
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ĽЦǺھͰŸǣʷԽ׷׷ǡ
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ǣʷ֪õǼ١ĽЦ

ַɺһ룬ͷ⵹ҲǣһڷϣǱǼٵģûзӡ
ĽʷֻȷŹ³ţһģɱ١
ֵǸʷôģ䵽ϣȴܲġ
ΪΣַɺЦ
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ʯüͷ˵ĻеתøǣһͷˮߵҿãˣǸӣ֮ܳ
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ŶɽЦЦϷΪҪ̫һڿ⣿
ٺЦЩ˵˼һף˭̫һڣ˭ֶ̫һڣ
ɽҡͷˣϷӽ̫һʵڹϵ󡣡
ǰϵھͲһˣմң̫һڲưոݵģ
ɽüϷлָˣˡϷԶˣ
ߣ
ɽͷϷҲ£ʵڲڴ˾գ
Цߣߣ

ɽ״Ʒ񲣬üȴûж˵
Ц̫̫һڵɾѧˣԿ̫һžѧǻûȤ
Ľüͷһʯʯҡҡͷû˵û˵գ̫һĲƷǽ
Ľ˼źһĴЦȻһײӣǵߡ
ЩԾԾԣȴֿɽû漴ɽǣҴȥ
ɽɫЩÿǸʲôȥˣȻҪƺ̫Ƶš
һ仰̫ջˣ̫ƣס̫һڵ书ǿµһˡ
µһջеĻʵһ㣬һ
Ϊµһɱᣬջûֿܵҡͷ̾Ϣһûж˵
һҲ׷׸ǣ˿ɳڵˣҲ뿪Ҫȥ֣˵лĿ̫š
ΨĽŲɽˣҡͷЦ뿪˴мֳء
Ľ붡ҲһȥˣԷɽЩԹֿɲǺÿģʵû
ʯŤͷЦʦܣŪ˰ɣ
ĽӣӹȻ֮ܳ
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Ľҡͷʦ֣˰ɣҪҲȥʦɩԶһ
šʯü
ĽǸӣʲô¶ó£һȺһӣǿҪˣ
ַɺףأⲻ޿ܣһһѪȷҪˡ
ĽɱۣɲǽŲŵģʦ书ǿϻܲסȺǣ
ҲеǾôˣʯЩġ
˵̫ƣ˺ĻҲúܣ뿴ʲôģǲ̫ܿһڵ书

ĽҶڰô£ȻŻȡ벻ɾҪˣ벶ȸں󣬻֪жֻȸأ
ʯüУһƵû˲Ӧ
ĽЦҹѽ׳ǱţҲ˵Ǹӣһ׳أ
ͷۣʯͷ
ĽЦһݸİ磬¶ݣøǽ鷳ԴʦǻǶԶԶģܿɡ
Ҳݾˡʯ
Ľҡͷһʩչ书˾ϳˡ
ַɺף⵹٣¼أ˭֪ġ
Ľʦ֣治ģڳǶɽңһҪȥǱߣ
ãʯһʦǧǿһĲɣҪ̫ƵҲûʲôû̫ƣҲܳưµģ
ĽЦŵͷúã֪һΪģ
˵뿪򸮣Աһҿջϴȥһݸָ࣬տȻװ硣
Ϲݸ࣬ˮһտȻĴ磬ڶԭĿտȻ
ʯַɺǰĿĿɣĿһ޶ˮ֮ɼһ㡣
ݸ࣬ÿһϴͬҪصҩˮϴȥÿһҩҪһֶҩˮҩˮϴȥݸࡣ


739 
Ľʯַɺ磬Ʈ˳ǣ֮ۡ
֮۸ӭǣһһľɼȻ׷ٵ˳⡣
ϳһƬУΧڵУЦѣĵΧˣƿڴ
Ľܿõȴͨ촽ȴܶĻԻ
Ľҡͷ̾ϢǷˣڿν˾
һͨȻվ˵ţһ·򣬽ͰΧסߣҪ
ƿڴȴ޼£ǶĲĵҪ
ͣĴҪһڸȡһˮңཹེ˼ڣȻŴ
üѣ϶ŭ޲Ҫ֣ȴǿѹƢȥҧгݵģ޵
ĽҡҡͷǷӣһ޿ֵӣƶﲻɱ
ȥˣ㽩ȥһ÷ǺǸӣ졣
ô룬ȻһӻóһӣЦһ˳ȥʱȺ
Ľüѣû뵽סֱӰŸӳȻⱾġ
ʹٷҲô׳ȺʼˣǱ飬ȻңҴ㣬һš
Ľҡͷ̾Ϣ̰ϣⱾʮа˾Ǽٵģ˶óֱһ˿˼֪ٵҲҪ
ӻͳСӣղһһģһǱֻʮҳŲԻɫ
ЦĽΣЦٵһģ˭Ŀǵ
˵СԶԶ׳ȥжʱ˷ȥ书ףṦ֮ˡ
ڿʱȭӽҪˣԼš

ʮӦڿн֣ȭཻ˷˳ȥأ֪ǶӦ˹׷׷ڿдȥҲ֮任ˡ
ˣȴϱΧ˵Ĺ߬ŲţҪֻ֮׿ţס
ȻҲֻŲģʹҲҪŲţϱɱˣȻűߡ
ת۹Żʮˣ˴һţ˴ΧƴＷҪһ
Ľ֮ۿҡͷ̾ϢЩ˻棬˺ĻһģȫǼٵģûһġ
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֮ۿƮȺȻȺʱͣƶĵΧ
ӣ뿪ǶĿ⣬ʹ˶ҵ£Ҳ˦ˡ
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Ҳˣǰ£޷ǣʹܱǣҵ£ҪסҲס
һĹ򣬺ѾȺ棬ƮԱߵӰӡ
ĽȻһüȺеĺʦͽˣɽ붡кɱվΧû뵽ŷɳɵ߲ԶȺӿʦͽûˡ
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Уɲǲ֣ǲˣ˴ǣΧе˻սһţҴ㣬ʱ˲ҽŵء
Ľҡҡͷ㷢չȥʦͽΧָ֣ɽ书ǿͽȴɡ
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ϵȥȥ˿ĽȻʧǲ죬ĨĨ۾֮ٿûĽӰԼۻˡ

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֮£Ǹʮ㣬ɱڣײϣֻɱΧˡ
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ɻŽʦҲҪٲߣǳŲסġ
ʦǻ߰ɣˣһ˵
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˵⼷磬ң˼֮ȴ˾Уһߣӽɽ뷶ɽսһѷ¡
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ߣɷһƺߣͬʱҲƺһ˵Ľʱһңɢ֮ơ
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ҧҡͷʦҲҪ
ҲҪ
˶Ǹ첲нҪҪλ÷üܣôн
ʹˣ˸첲˿ڶӿѪûлᴦ˿ڣֻѪ
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СҲһһһߵ£ɽСϵĽζ
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ӽҪ壬һӭƥƵ÷ɽòӲӡ
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ʦм䣬Σһְ֮һĶȵʦĪģ
æӽʵʦ㲻Ҫɣ
ҪɽߵϮߣһƬ
ɿŷɽϲŽȴҧƴ˫۷ҪᣬȴǿţֻҧƴĻӽЩǾҪˡ
Ҳ˷ɽΣҲеԼ㣬ʹҲûзҧƴֵҪѺͳȥ
ǰȻһӰĽȻʹǰֱ̽ץסĵȻһ˦ԶԶķ˳ȥ
Ľһ˺ǰӽ磬ʱ˷˳ȥȻһ˷ɳȥ
ת۹ʦͽ˵Ķֶʧˡ
Ľߣ
֣ɴϲɽʱ˿ֵܣôҲˣ
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СԲųΡΡ﷢飬ɽŵĶŷɽĵĵʦ
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˴Ӧæóҩ˿ڣŤͷĽ磬ʦ
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Ǻҩɽ̾һЦֵĴΪ
Ľڰ֣ܲԹ۰գ֮ͣؿġ

ʦͽͻ֮Ľ뿪ʼ׷ٺкϵĶ׷򵥵úܡ
һʱһɽҵ˺һɽڴϢ
ɽλһɽڣڱ֦ڻţ˸ᷢǸں󣬷һֲɽ
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Ľ֮۴ɽȻǺԼڵģڣԵɺ֮ҵˣǺ
Ƴòźһ£ĽΪȻ̫һڵѧȻ֮
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Լһʱյ̫ѾϦ£ϼ죬ΧɽֶȾ죬γõɫ
۾³һʵʣ˫۾â˸ԼԼһŻȼա
ĽüѲ̫ƣѲɣȻ֮壿
˵֮ʮģνܿݽߣҵ书ķпѣѰҩʯ޼¡
̫Ҫ֮ƫƫ֮ʮ꣬Ҫҵ̸ףЩ̫һ̫ƣΪ֮ѵá
֮һ㺢ͯ죬һʮʤ
Ľҡͷ̫ƣǿ̫̫֮һڲС˵ҵ˱İ취

ι󣬺ƮʯĶץһʯͷʱһСᣬֽסˡ
ӹСӺϷ˼ҳҡҡͷƮٴηСӷŽȥʯϡ
Ľ˫΢У¶˷֮⣬û뵽ȫѹⱾСӦþ̫Ƶˡ
Լûб˷֣Ҳ뵽ţӦþˡ
ĽȻķܣȴûȥֹ۲Ҫʲô뿪֮ҲûнȥǰиһñӣӭǣһЩ±ˣһЩˮ
ˣĽ֪סǳûƮɽСȡ飬ԺȻѸٵİŻȥԭλȻƮɽ
֮󣬲û뵽˷ҵĽ֪
һֱɽ죬ֱѸˮԹˡ
ʱ֣ԹһƮ˶Сϸ˼飬ĸš
ָ̾ϢһóӣСӵȼһһȼ
Ľһϣ֮۸ˣƶС̫Ƶȣš
ҲǺݣҪ̫һˣʹ̫һڵҵҲһ̫ˡ
̫Ƴ˺ˣֻԼˣԼϵǸӣǰһţһ


740 
ţĽȷԼ汾Żȥˡ
Ҳٹֱܺ뿪ؽţ̫ʱ䣬û׷ʯ򸾡
ʱ֣ڽɽ£һϮۣһȾ޷糾֮ɫϹ·ġ
һ֣еӷɿȥͨûһϮѩ
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ѩݹü۴ϲ⣬ǰȥק䣬ĽæһܹЦʦ
һֲ˼ˣǲǣѩ׷
ĽһһЦʦɱԩˣأ
ѩźȵȥ²岻ģ˭֪
Ľæҡͷ˭裬Թװ׵ģ
װףѩǺ죬γ̡
ĽƮƮһˣæֵʦ㣬úºúҺʱ˵ٻ£Ȼϣ
ѩսͣߵģ
ĽظҺʱƭˣ
ǵǣһɵ󵨣˵ʵѩͷ˽߰ɣȥҪúø˵ɽ׶ʲô
ĽǺЦûأ͵Ϲܼˣ
ѩʱ²ٷϻϽ߰ɣȥ
ĽЦŴӦΧб͵Ƶĵǰڰ֣ۺߵʲôϽæǵģ
ԼʮԶ֣װ⣬ֻ͵ƳĽһ߳æֱӣ뿪ˡ
ĽѴݵû֣ʱ򶼷ֲˣһ˽ɽȻĽ޼ɵĽɫС
ʱĽԼ˸ˣǿٷҲҪ˶кܶԸֻĳԸ׳ˡ
ĽúȤζͬض档

Ŵˣλ࣬磬ұ֪ƣ΢Цſڡ
԰Сʦܣ޼һɲˣĶԹǸһˡ
ЦЦײСӵȷʵ
ǰŮˣһҲִֵúܣҲ֪δǣѲйأѵ¶һ˿Цݡ
ҡҡͷɵģһ飬Ůϲ
֪ƸЦʦɴˣѩô˵
Цǵ⣺ѩѾͷһŮ˲ͬ˵ˣҲվ飬ѩСѾͷǲģɵСԵѣǰ͡
ѩΪƲ߸֪Уһ۱ܿƣȷʵСŮҵСϷ
ЦҡͷѾͷͰ֣
֪ƸЦ޼ʵͦŮԵģЩɵŮﷴɰɡ
ҡͷЦʦͱ¿ˣָҪֺأβһҪˣ
֪ƺǺǴЦͷѡ
ЦδֹĽһӣǽЦʦʲôô˰ţʦʦ
ǰЦе֪ơ
ٶѩӯһԲס
ѩһۣʲô
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֣ȥһ塣
֪ƸЦţգ޼ɻȥҪͷ˵һ飡
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ߵʯ˵ֵ̫һڵĳϣ
ĽЦŵͷǣʷһ̫Ȼүӵڣҿۡ
㵹壡ûһ
Ľ̫һҲԸҲ֣ҲǺƣǽſɲʾ׹磡
⻰Ҳе֪ƸЦŵͷ
ĽʱЦʦ壡

ѩһЦһﻹ治˵һھ͵ˣ͵Ƴһ۸ףȻɫ졣
ߵ磬̫Ƶ⣬Σ
ĽʱЦظֻҪвɵģ
֪ƶʱɫһ䣺õ̫ˣ
ĽȻͷȻ
棿֪һվ
ĽһָԴأʦ㣬ñīҳ¼
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㻭ءѩЦ
ĽȻȻҴСл츳ССû˱ȵù
ûĵüЦˣʮֽ첽ݵǰĽ޼ɣԼõģҪǿ
Ľţҵľǽŵģʲô˴ˣ
ЦЦֽӹʮֽһţ̧ͷ֪Ƶʦܣ
֪ƴӳ˼ѹǰ
˴һʱۼ䣬ѩĽԱߣôõš
ĽСѾ˵ˣٺҵĲ֮Ȼȥʱʯңҵŵ汾סȻȥȻصɽϡ
ѩȻﲻԭ͵
ĽҡͷЦҪ֪һ͵ԭ鷳ɾʹ
ʱҲûˣ˵Ҳûšѩߵ
Ľҡҡͷ˵̫һڵء

˵У֪ƺȻ޼ɣúãöԣ
̧ͷ֪Ѿڶˣ׳΢Ц
ĽǺЦҲûô࣬Ǿôã֪ĸȤ
ǣ֪ƵͷЦǵõ̫ƵϢ⴫̫һἱۡ
Ľʦ˵̫ˣܿס̫һڵ书ǲģ
֪ЦЦ书ʲô֮˵ˮˮܿ˻𣬵ǻҲܿˮͿ˭ˡ
Ľʦ⻰Ҳҹͬˮ֮˵ƫȫˣһأˮܿˮģǲǣ
֪ƸЦǺǣСӣһ漰ѧϾͻһˣţ뷨һûУˮ˼
ĽͷҾú⻰е̫ˣˣ̫һڵ书پҲסɣ
֪Ƶ̫һڵ书Ҳ˵ģָ̫ţųϲɡ
Ľô˵ʹ̫ܿһڵ书Ҳֻǿŵӵģǲǣ
֪Ƶͷţе̫һڵѧа
ĽƲƲ죺ƫţҪǽջ羭ɣҪȥ̫һڿܲУ
֪ҡͷЦЦСһҰĵСջ羭ˣҲҪ绯ȥû۵˼
Ľʦİɣһ죬Ҳ绯Ȱ̫һڸ˵
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ĽȻţѾ˵ھŲ㣬ʹʹģ
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ĽҹۣʮĽջ羭ԽʩչṦһ·ͣͣЪ
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ַǳҶ彣Ǹָŵڳˡ
Щ˵У꿡ܣȻͲȴΪףÿ϶ŵȡ
Ľҡͷüü˳ۣЩҪμӱ׵ˣҪȢµġ
̾˿˲ˮһֱ֣֮ӹƣµڣѩķ嶥ʯ
Ľü룬ѵܷûн
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ЦЦɫƵĺҡͷ˵һĳ˱ǣ
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ĽһۣΪף˫۾â˸͸ɷȻɱ˵ġ
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߳зǺЦѾһˣѾʮһͦ˹
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׵ĵطһƬѾ̨ӣָд衣
ÿ̨ˣֻҪܹӮʮʸڶ֡
ÿ̨϶ĵأУӮһָһӣֻҪռʮӣܽڶ֡
ڵڶ֣Ӯʮֻ֮ҪӮ峡֣ܽڵ֣ʣµභһֱ̭ʤභֱʣһˡ
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㿴һʤĽʡ
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ĽЦ̫һλ
׳ɣ߳зߵ
Ľǽŵأ
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ĽͷֱַһЩ̸˼ŨΧӣȴŲ˵һߺȾһ˵Խ¸߰
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˵ʼ죬ǵĽҡͷЦʲô˶С
Ȱ˼䣬ȴûʲôЧĽƳľƣͬ⣬ĽһĵģֱӱƳ

ѩ嶥
ʹʢģǺ嶥ǹ⻬羵ûǰ˼
ʯھȻӣʱ䣬ڴüᶯһ£漴һʧϡ
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˴˱˴ˣĽڰ֣üΪ㼱żˣǲǳʲô£
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µһɾѧһ˫޹˹ͬٶޱȣȵٳɡ

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ðµͷٿһĵĽǰ

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һĳճһֻƣԽľˣΧĿƺ˼ȡ
ĽȴӰû֮УϢţȫ֮һ˿й©
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ĽıƼΪû̫ȴҲˣ̫һ㣬ܹһӵƣȻ屶ۼѷ̫ơ
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ţֲáס
ĽǼĵģԼһһһ˵һˣô˵ʮҲһ䡣
ĽЦеĵҵΪһߣǺǣջ羭ĵʮȻ
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±¿ĽԳɽȴ磬Դ·ȥ
ΪһСˣ̾Ϣһӣ̧ͷգĿ⽥Զſգ֮С


ĽٲɽȣԲߵĺЦν㣬ˮȻģ
һϮѩ˫΢죬α󣬷·͸˵ˮң޲ҧһڣʵˡ
ѽůͣЦ
ߵ䳡ϣȺ࣬һĿĽϣתתȥ治ѡ
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Ľ𣿡ЦϧˣܲμӱףȻȢ¸öá
ĽЦҲ
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Ľ˵еӣһأֻдҲʸȢ£
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̫һڵĸ֡ˮ̴һۣҡͷƾ书ǲɡ
ĽЦеĵģ
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ˮǷӣӹ֬׷ۣҲ¸Ů˷һˣ
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Ŀڿн㣬ĵھ˴˲ãιĽһˮţдһΣ
Ҳûãʦ뻪ʦ塣ˮ̵
ĽüҪɣһߣһҲĵط
Ҿȥɱʦ㣡ˮ̵
Ľ΢΢һЦʦŵ顣
Σˮ̵һЦ
ĽһˮѲ˵ͨˡ


742 ̨
Ľҡҡͷȭˮţ¸ǣ
ˮ̵ҪΣ
ĽЦЦţˮŶʣ
ˮ̵ǽ£Ҳ㣡
ĽȥЦݣߵҲ޸һʶˣ
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Ľջ羭ʮ㣬бǿң޻˵ûУͲҪˣˮܰ޸һˣΪʦ㣬;ܾң
ˮüĲǽնȶ򾭣
Ľǽջ羭ķҼϣܿ죬ҵ񲻹ѡ
ꣿˮҡҡͷ
ĽЦҺαƭˣʦŽԿ֤
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ĽˮΣ
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ƮĿĽ뿪ŮЦСһе˼
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мŮҲģ㲻ǿиԤҪ²⣬ͳȫǰգ
ˮҡͷҲܼ޸
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ˮü촽һԲ
ε̾Ϣһ˵ףŻҪɿڣҲ޿κΡ
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ˮҡͷʲôҲպջҵĿġ
ãڻܿϱ𣿡̾Ϣ
ˮһŵտȻ䳤һ㣬¸ںؼʤ£ʤˣ¸ῴһۣµ书ԽԽǿЩģһʤ
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һŮһӣЦӯӯĴˣ촽ʮλʮ֧ǩʮ룬һʮţźţˣĺߺţţԣֳʤ
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ðɣʼǩɡŮӯӯ΢Ц
ǰͷһ꣬棬˫ۿؼ侫â˸͸һ˿֮ɫ
ŵƽγɫȡ
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ηʥݹ٣Ů̧ͷȵণ˶ʱһ壬һ
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ףտȻʦ֣ŮȻ
ĽһڹڣŮˣѵһܳɽУͷһ⣬а֮ģ׷ס
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ˣ¾ˡŮЦݲ䣬°ɳŵ뺣鷳ʲôƽϣ裬Ƿˣ
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ĽһЦǰɣĪˣ
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飡һ죬ܿһζҶ׷ףɬԲҲ˼
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ĽƣҡͷЦΪһָͷӣΪʲôµķ
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ŮһĽıӰ죬û뵽Ľܵ˼Լû뵽֮գ


743 
ҲղӣһֱֿĽƮƮȥȻȽȽŸ߷
߷ɫΣЩˣĽƮ̨ӣһȭλһǣ
˵գת̨µ˱ȭȻһţΪһ˳ȥʧ
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ڽǸ޼ɵֱֱȥʱտȻȴ棬Ѱ˵һˣʹòһҲֻΪֵͬܣΪһˡ
˶ҡͷĽЦô˵ѡ˰ɣ
ŮȻЦǣǴֹͣսѡˣʮˣǳǩɡ
Ľڰֵسǩˣ
Ůɻʦ֣
ĽЦһսˣһϰգ
˲Ȼɫ䣬Ƕ֮ӣжǶȴĽӣûл
ĽһЦȻһһ̫鷳һսң
̫һڵķ뺮һɨһƽƽ㲻𣬺βԿ
ƽ΢ЦҲֵĶ֣ΪԶԶ磡
ô֪뺮ǵֻΪͲشˣΪ;˭˭Ӯǣ
ƽҡͷǷְɡ
뺮ǳǽŲǰη޾𣿡
ƽЦǲǰη޾岻Ѱ·ûȤαعĶң̫һڰܵУɲ̫ܶһڵ̫һڵ
뺮ɫƽ䲻࣬ȴֱҪΪ̫һڵĵӣ̫һڵ磡

һ㣡뺮ǳ粽Ľǰ
Ľ´һۣ΢Цûմ
뺮ǣ̫һڣ뺮ǳ
ĽЦ̫һڵĸ㣬֮ãҵҪһ̫һڵľѧ
һĽ뺮ǵ
Ľͷʹǣϰƣ
Īռˣ뺮
Ľ֣аգ
뺮ǻνʣ𣬶ʱɫһ֮࣬һ䣬һʵĺ䣬ˡ
ĽЦеĿĲ
ͣһ⵽ǰĽһƣײϽ⣬һ죬ʱ˳ȥ
һ̫ƣŵھʮΪһʮھһǶǣ׽
뱩¶̫Ƶĵϸܸ̫һڵ˾һһ˿⡣
ֱֱȥԶԶģ˿ںδȵŴ졣
Ǽʶ뺮ǵΪ뺮ܹƳĽ汾£û뵽Ҳһбܡ
Ľҡͷ̾ϢʵڶԲסһʱûס֣㲻ְɣ
뺮ɫһһ죬ŭĽЦһתߣӹͷȥҽҲӰӡ
Ľתͷˣλһϰգ
ƽЦãΪ֮磡ѵü˸֣úýһҲģҿǴһϣֵεȾأΣ
Ťͷˣ˶Ӽۣͷ
ĽЦãʹ죬λɣ
ǰҰΧڵУվ˷λŮ˿ˣֿĽε˺һ
ĽЩдˣЩ˶֣һƴСΪԸһĸѣһ¶԰ˣίʵ̫ˣҪȡʤס
һɴ˫ۣҪ

ҲֻĽ£⼸ܳ书ǿ²Զˣ䲻
˸ȻͷһκȴмĬǴ˸ɫȻϺһеİεеĳ齣еĻƣеĵȭͬʱ˹˸һλĽѨ
ĽЦһβ˫Ʒֱĳһ˰ƣֱӭ˸ˡ
顭ƺ𣬰˸ͬʱ˳ȥ绨˰ꡣ
ĽֶǺЦˣ
һһأȻһԾһıĽ
ĽЦҪ𣿡
ϵĳƽҡͷ̾ϢϧСʦû
ĽЦЦ޼ɣ
ƽСʦţڴˣ²Ƕ֣
ĽЦΪ֣
ƽҡͷڱչ覷
ĽǺЦպԵȥֽһ
תǵʤˣ
ŮЦʦ֣ʤˣ
ĽЦǾ˵һΪӵķ
ŮҡҡͷЦΪʦõķһأ
ĽüëЦЦһأ
ŮЦҪʦԶ֣ʦãܳΪʦõķ
Ľ¶һ˿Цô˵ǶæǴ򲻹ӣûã
˶üͷһ֮ƣû̹ȴԼǶ֡
һؾΪˣǰڰ׷ѹǺȻֱˣŪĸо
Ů룬Ϊʦõķ򲻹̧ͷʲôʦõķ
Ľüðɺðɣգ
ʦɡŮЦ

ĽŮصʱ䳡ϣڵΧָָ㣬˵˵ЦЦ֡
Ľˮһ̫ʦУһ飬
ĽһȻϣ΢Ц
ˮһԲĵƺˣֻʣˣš
Ľ΢ЦҲһԲ
Լһʱȥˮڿڣôĵӣ
ĽЦЦû˵
ˮ̺ߵڻǽ£
Ľ΢ЦҴǣҲϺأµķˣ
ˮ̵һЦˣҪȢ£ȰʦǱˣ
ĽĬȻҡҡͷ
ˮ̵ǾˣȨû°ա
Ľüͷһ㲻¼ˣ
ˮ̵رˣһýԸѡһ
Ľֻһɻڵĳˮ̣¼޳ȥģһƲһƣûûˣʵڿգ
ˮ̵ңǲǣ


744 
Ľһͷˮһֱز¶Һܺ㾿жͽ̣
˵ղˮ˵ƮƮһưȥ
ˮҪ˵ɫһ䣬æӭȥ
飡һ죬µ̫ʦһ±ѿΪĩƮɢȥγһԲȦ
ˮü𣺡ɱң
Ľ΢ЦˮˣȻˮţٽһƣ
˵һңңԼһԶмĿƱ˺ˮڷŲơ
ãҲһƣˮ̵һƣгһֻӨ͸ƣıơ
飡ըɢΪޣԼɼмĩɣʵ죬ʱú伸֡
Ľüͷһģˮ̵ƾȻﵽ˻Ϊʵ֮
Ȼ¸һ֣Ȼǿ汻ˣ֪ʲôء
ˮüһҲһƣ
Ө͸һƣĽǰһֻƣݺֱϮҪͷ
ĽһƣײһֻǲģǲﵽΪʵľء
飡һ죬м׷ɣƻΪޣĽһرɻ죬ָԭ״
ıƣĽ̾һ
һƼΪŹ֣ȥģмȴ࣬ʵ飬Ȼıƻû
ѾԺˣ̫һΪĵסһƣղƾΪһ亮Ҫ굽Ŀڣȫ˹ȫȥ
ƾޱȣߣĽջ羭ûﵽʮ㣬ûа취ӦʥĽʱ汣ʵ
Ľҡͷˮ̻ļ˻¡

ˮ̿סԼƣףҪ𣿡
Ľҡͷɱ㣬Ǳû
ˮ̵֪ͺã°ɣ
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ˮ̵ҲʳԶʣûʤ£ķйȣ̨֮˲лԼ
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Ľε̾˿ѵ͹Թʦ޸ʶˣ
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ðɣɽǰ·ȲĽİڰ֣İЦ£ʦıƱˣܹΪʵҸղƣʤһ
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ĽЦ˵ǲꣿ
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߻ιȷʵͨõߺ֮޹ǣ
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Ľȴ֪ģԱ²ں޸ʲôҲеľע书ϡ
ĽЦںȻԣ
ðɣͷҪ죬Ĺʱ䳤ʦģ
ĽЦһܸǧ˰û⡣

Ľٵ·ȥȻλΪӰӹ֣ʯһֱ϶ȥ
˵֮ķԴԴϵĲ䣬֮ݡ
ջ羭˵ʮ㣬۰ҹɵ㹻ǰʱ򣬵ϣջ羭޷⣬㣬ȴܽ¹⻯Ϊ⣬ͬԲ
һһһҹܳǧϱߵĳޱȣ˺֣ȴҲں
˵һСϣһƬụ̂ȴһȺȺİ׺ڿ衣
ĿתĹ۲һ죬һܻѩ壬µĻص嶥
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ҡͷܾ
šɣȻ
ͷ
ɣһȥΪûɺףһֱûʲô򡣡
µߺκȤҾôﶼ

Ҳ˵ɣʡֳߵڣȴСһ˽Գȥ֪ˣȥˣ
µͦõģܰ
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Ľæƿ۾Цȷʵһܣһ뵽һʮˣȴòǲӦ
룺ˮŲȥʦ״ɣ
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ƶˮ̲ԼôԴ󵨵ľ֣ΪϾԼһ
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ʮ֮֮ʣˮƮȻ֡
һϮһȾҲûʲôΣν泯죬ȴˣһɻ
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Ľߵ˵ʲôŻҵĻԼ
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һֱ䵭ѵ¶ЦĽȴһûУӲǱĵһۣŤͷߡ
Ҫ£ˮ̿ĽЦЦû֦Ҳ
Ŀ͸ȣûʦЦ
ĽŤͷɹߵ⣬һŸıģ
ˮЦŸĿڣҲ㣡
Ľһ°ڰ֣Ʈѩ壬һűŸȥ
;һֱͣһĨ⣬칦ܻ˽ţǡÿƽ
ֱǰʱ֣Ϧգųõɫƽ糾͵ĵִɽ£Ľس֣һ
Ľȭʦ֡
ƽһ漴Ȼʦܣ
Ľͷʦָյ
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ƽ漴üôȥף
ĽѩĻԼŶ֪ˣĽ˼üѵŵ


745 
Ľҡҡͷʦ֣ǿȥɡ
ƽһǻɻĵͷ˲˽ɽһֱ˽ŵĴڣһڡ
ƽȼЦţǶСʦһ˸ˣһ˶ʮˣ棡
ˮɨһĽףһ·ˣȥúЪϢɣͿʼ䣬ʯæ
ǣǵӸˡƽͷɨһĽȺأȴǸˣĽҲ֮ЩŹ֣Ҫըһ㣬ǸΪ
ʦ޷죬޼ɵҲûʲô취ͻģʦ书ˣܻģԼǲҪΪ²̨
Щ˴סĿ첽뿪
ֻʣĽˣĿԣõĵţ·ˡ
ιĽһţҸʦĻԼȡˣ
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Ľһ£ҡͷҾʦѾ㹻ˣٶȢˡ
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ͣЦһһ㣡
Ľţϲʦ㣬Ҳϲ£Ȣκһһúôǣίģ
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Ҿ뷴ڣΣ

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ԽǲףԽȤִ˲ƣü棬ĽŮܵûʲô˵ġ
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ĽţһúôʦģḺʦˣ
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ĽߵӺɷһԾŶʹҲܻԼ
֪ҡҡͷ̾ڻԼҲǱƲѡ
Ľһæǲˮ̱Ƶģ
֪Ƶͷ
ĽһƲƲ죺ŮǺݶҾ֪ɵĺ£ô˵ģ
֪ЦЦŵֻҪȢ£Ӵ֮һѣһ֣
Ľһüͷ¶֮ɫ
֪ǽҪģ볤Ȼǽˣһֱҡڲʹַɺ磬һв˵ҲԹۣǽֻܱ֤ΪУѳΪ
г𣬿ɳţڣҪ̫һڣһֱ̫һڲԸ̫һһֱҪѽˡ
裬ûԮһҲܲס˵һҹ֮ɢ

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ѧѷڽţĵӸѧȳǿöࡣ
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֪ЦҡҡͷɵСӣҲһˣһǴֵܵס˲ɣ
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Ľü̫һڵô£
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СԺԡϦУСԺͤԺ룬ѩ·ٴγ֣ǰָǰ
ķ·𱻵ˣһƬһƬʹѵһ̧ͷ죬书޵Σ书ܽе¡
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Ľʯһ죬ַɺֽ˷ˣ˵Сͤʱ˱ǣĽ̾һ̻ʡ
ԵΣĽſʣΪʦԲܳһģǲǲϲԼǱʲôԭ
ʯҡͷ̾˿Цҵеס
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ںжߣײɼңҲܹ⣬׹Ȼкõһ棬Ҳвõģ˷ǳܡ
ʱգᣬĽûжߡ
ʯСʱġ
Ľüͷ֪ŷȴ֪˶
ʯûȢˣǺǡȻûз֮ȴһֱһġ
Ľ룬ʣΪʲôѽ
ʯҡͷ̾СӰɣҪǳһҪкӣ̫ΣգСп־壬Բҳףͦãԡ
ĽĿɿڴʵ벻˵뷨ϡŹ֣ԤϣѩȻô롣
ʯҡͷЦСÿŽȴǼģûȥһֱɽϣ뷨Ҳһ˲ͬ
Ľ̾û뵽
ʯһĽļ򣺡룬СǱˣĿˣҪúôӣһˣû뵽ջ޸һ
ַɺбһۣʦǲǲģ
ʯæСĶ⣬ʵ̫̰ģҾǻţ
ĽٺЦſַɺ磬ֿʦ֣
ַɺ罿һۣĽæúãҲ˵ǣ
˵ЦһŽʦ֣롣
ô£ʯʡ
̫һڵˣҪͽף


746 
Ľڵվף
꿴һĽͷǣҪʦ޸ͽܡ
Ľü̫һڵ
ݣż䣬ͷǣǰͽĪʣ
ĽüҪʲô
Ťͷʯʦ֣
ʯҡͷЦ鷳ˣǵܾˣûת徵أ
ĽߵʲôתأҪģ
ڻɣʯҡͷΪȴٹͺˡ
ĽȻʦ߯Сˣαչؿɲǰæ
ʲôѧʯʡ
ĽͦأȻѾ˵ʮ㣬һƷҵҪʲô£
ʯҡͷСʦĪҪ书Ǿ˵úܣ̫һŵӳ
ĽҪ̫һڵŵӣ
˵߰մʦ֣ȥ̫һڵļһ
ʯվĵĶ㲻ҪŪһɷɾʹˣ
Ľæͷ֪֪ģ߰գ
˵վַɺڰ֣ʯҲߣַɺҪģȥʲô¡
Сĵ̫һӦ߲ơַɺ
ĽЦӦʦɩҲȥģ⣬̫һһﶼǺöһӻˮܲ
İɣʯߣĽַɺЦЦæȥ˳СԺܿ쵽ǰĴ
վĸӣֱվߣһվţ˫ۺ䣬ǡ
Աԭվŵĵӣһȣʱȥһ㣬һĸ֡
ĸ¸˫ۺ䣬ĵĽˡ

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Ťͷʦ֣
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Ľߵ£ʦ֣Ҽֹλʦְգվ﴿ĥ
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Ľһ޿κεĵǵǵϻôᣬ˲ˬ
ʯ˿ţ˺Ȼǰһվסȥ·
ĽüͷһЦеʯʦ֣ҪϢˣ˼ҿɲԸѽ
ʯһۣŤͷ˵ô£
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ĽЦеĵôҵĻ˵ǽţ̫һڣΪˣȴҪΪ
ʯڰ֣ʯҪȥ˵ÿա
Ҫ֮ͨܽ룡ԲɨĽһۡ
Ľҡͷʦ֣Ҳ̣ҵİգ
˵Ҫ֣ȴʯһѰסĽüʦ֣һʲôǵű
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ҵһȣһжȵᣬǲҪ£ʯҡͷЦЦ
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գӵﴫȴ˶ߡ

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ĸЦûϣССΪܸߵȥǽˡ
Ľһÿ
˵һ֣ʦ֣ǽȥɣ
飡һ죬һ˷˳ȥ类޴ʯͷײɣֱͦͦɵʮ֮⣬ء
ĽҲЦʦ룡
ʯɨһʮŵˣҡҡͷѽ
æĽ˴ôӽȥˡ
ڵе̫ʦУ֪ˣұˣһһꡣ
޳縳ףִ˼ֳƮ֮ˡ
һԲ꣬Ӣʮ㣬˫ۿؼ͸һ˿ϡ
˽¶Цݣƺ˵ЦҲЦǢ˿ûн֮ơ
˽֣ôˣ°ɡ
Ľȭţ˵̫һڵҪһðŵķɣ͹
Ǻǣλǡ˸΢ЦüĿ鰪Ȼ
Ľȭ޼ɣţ
ŶЦԭǴ޼ɣ޼£һǿλѽ
ĽȻһۣ޼£һû˵ء
ЦȻһ˲ţ
ĽƲƲ죬۾˵ϹԼòƽֵһ˲֮˵αء
ҡͷ̾ǸǻĪһҾ֪ˣ
ĽЦţҲǳ嶯˵Īʦͽ̫һڵѧҿĽýǱȻȻѽ
޼ɣüȵ
ĽЦţдһѵãҲ޷ģ

ߵ죬һȥ
ĽƲƲѵĪˣҪģٻȥúˣûʲôˣ
һըһ㣬Ľεҡҡͷʵʵı죬ȴԴŲģͣĴĪʡ
ĪϲޱԼĸ飬촽ܷŭ
ҡͷЦֲҪ֣޼ɿ³ç嶯֪˶£ͷ۵Ҫ
ǺǣҿֱЦеĵ
ĽЦлſ佱
ЦҲѵлᣬʣȥһ书գ
ǣʦĪվȭš
ü֣˰գᣬƲסԼƢһ˿ɲŪ
ڰ֣΢Цûʲôд书ۣЩСˣһԿţġ
һ£ͷҲգС֪һߵغҲãĪؿҺúýѵ
Ī΢΢һЦǡ
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˵վ룬ֵĪգ
ĪʵһЦվ棬дһȭŹա
Ľͷ롪
Īʷϻһ䲻˵ֱһȭĽһȭȭͷཻ顱һ졣
ĽȲĪȴһü˿⣬ĽᾹһȭȥʦĸо
Ľţ޼£в־ˣԼȣԶˡ
ٿĽçײ嶯˵ǳǲм÷ӣʵڲֵԼ֡
һֱ֣Ӵſ±ˣؿúһҲԣ֪ߵغ񣬲ҪĿˡ

һȭ֪ĽǽңҲ˵Ĵͷбµġ
ʱ̬ȵù򣡡
ĽЦҲ̫һڵĵȷʵмˢ
ߵ˵ϻ
Ľ˵֪̫һڵöأھǲ⣬Ҫ£
ĽٺЦðɣҲ˵ֵ¼£
˵һȭĪʸǰȭͷ죬ʯͷӸ߿¡
ĪʺһƽƽƳһ
飡һ죬ĽվţĪȴһ
֪ԼĽŴɵİȴֻܱܿӭȥ
Ľüͷһ£ٺһЦٴһȭ
ȭû̫ƣĪʷʲô˵̫Բʣʹ֪Ҳܶ϶鷳
Īʳٴεһȭ顱һһɫǺ졣
ĽҡͷĪôӲҪܵģ
ãĪʳ
ĽЦеģҵ书Ǵ󿪴أ׾ɣ󡣡
Īʳ
ðɣĽεĵȴһȭֹȥˡ
ĪһƳƺȻɫƺȾһ֭ȭཻơһ죬֣Ǵľͷϡ
ȤĽҲоԼľͷϣӲмֵԡ
ĪβûˣƱị̄ƽƽĽΪ
ĽӭϣĪʵƾ˱仯һȭȥп֮УƮľͷϡ


747 ȡʤ
֮ǿķղŴȥھ˻첲ؿڡ
ĽĿƾ֮˲ƿأڵ˺һĴĪʡ
ĪҲһľĽΪ̫ߣܾȥӲ˼ھ
ľ޷Ҳһ׮㣬޷ȥԷʮƾܹ˾ŷ֣һ䵽Լϣ޷ж
ĽޱȣһѾ㹻ˣֱֱĿڣʱһѪӿ
Īǿѹˣӱͨ졣
ĽЦеĵ̫һھѧȻ
Īһҿ˵ΨһѪֻĽ˫ۺâ䡣
ĽЦٽһƣ
ƻΪɫءͻɽɢϢƵĪʸǰǻȴĪʷӦʱ䡣
Ѫӿ˲֮½һбȳһܿƷżͷӹ
ĽƺһƺȻ˸ٴĪʼͷһٶȱȸղŸ켸֡
ȳһѾĪѪӿӾ磬ǰһ󷢺ڣҪܿȴʵʵһơ
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ҡҡͷ΢Цһ䣬ĪڿһͣƮƮأ˫վסۡһѪĽ
ĽңңһѪڿһͣɿۣƬ̼һСѪԼȭͷС˸Ѫ
ǺЦһ޼ɣȻʵѧ
Ѫڿ˸ź⣬ĽҡҡͷٴһһѪʧƮɢζ
΢һ۾ͷ
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Īҡҡͷȭ޼鴫
ĽЦҹҲĪˣɱְ
ĪʵЦһ£תصλ£ˮ

ЩΣĽȴڵյһڣȻԵá
һۣҡͷ˶ǿʤֲҪ֡
ЦҪ˻ȥúˣҲѣǶᣬЩϸ첲ȣûʲôˡ
ว΢Цǣ
΢ЦǹСͽ£
Ľһţʲôѽ
֣˵ɺҲ죡
ĽͷЩЦʦҲǹʦҪĪ𣿡
ü׵ġ
Ľæҡͷǿɲɣ
죡ߵ
ڰ֣΢ЦĽʲôɵģ˵
Ľʦ˵Ҫ޸ǿˣǴ򲻹ң޸
ǺЦⲻЦˣһʤĿɲѽ
ĽɲǿЦҲöԣҶ򲻹ôܱʦ㣿ҷϣܼ
æһ죬ǸȻԲסҿɲ˵Ī
Īʿ˫â䣬
ĽǸȻıȭⲻȥĵ죬˵ӣԲסĪ
ûʲôĪ
ʯҡͷЦʦܣʲô˵̫һڲٴɫǲףⶼ̵ס
Ľתͷţ˵˵Ǵ򲻹ңʦ㱻۸ô죿ҿʦˣ
㣡
Ľ㬵ĵǲͬģʦҪҲҪ޸ǿҵģ
Цݲ䣬ҡͷඣȵ˳֣ҪΪϹˡ
ĽЦϹʲôʦ㲻ҲҪ

޼ɣߵ
ĽԹӦǣš
һĪʣҡͷЦЦ˵ӵȴĪ˫𣬺޲һɱ
ǺЦΪҿѷϷˣҪ֣
ĽæЦɲɣǰˣҶ̫ˣʤӦõģǰˣ񲻰̫һڵܾˣ
ҡͷЦ˶ۣ˵³ç嶯ȴ֪˻ǹˣѵѵã
üһĽֿ֣һʶǸ裬ˣ
ҡͷ˸ҿҲʤɣ
Ϊʤһͷ
ЦǺãҲ۸ͱȻ°ɣ
ðɡĽɵĵȴڡһվһԾԾԡ
üɨһĽҡҡͷǺðɣСе֪ߵغˣָѵҲã
ǺЦҪ书񼸷֣գ
ĽЦ
˵һȭ˳ȥȭͷϴŵ⣬ʹǴȭһֻͭ˰ǰ
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飡ĽһҲһüͷһţе˼
ĽЦȻʦĪǿöٽһȭ
һȭȭͷȫ֣ȸղĿѣ֮У˲䵽˰ǰ
ǺһЦһĳȭཻһ죬Ľ֮һȻվŵİ
û뵽˹Ź֣Ȼ仯Ī⣬ǰ󣬺Ҳ߳ȥ·Ųǰһ㡣
Ľһʱ쾹˵ȥ롣

񣬲Ǿ΢ת˲㻯⿪ȥȴ־ס
Ľ´һ۰̫һڵȻ
Ľվסˣ̾ĵͷã
һʹȭһʹƶһѷѽ⣬ת۹˶˶ʮȭȥĽѷһÿײĽҪֻһ
ĽڣȴԽԽȭͷԽԽͣĽһ㡣
ڰ̫ƽڽȭУȭԽԽǿʮȭ֮󣬰һ
ʮȭĽѾ൱ĽһҲҪһȥƽɫ
˿Ȼѣ֪ĽΪû뵽ƽ֣Ǵȥ֪ҪŶˡ
ĽΪ൱ʼʱĽȭһƷ̫ȭƣ൱ˡ
һĽЦţһжӮΣ
ãȵ
Ϊ죬һֱĽ֣ʹҲһгưԣǰֻǲһЩġ
ŷԼף޼ᣬΪ׷ԼԼоѧӮ
ȭǿȻΪڲͣʵ˷ëǸһļһﰡ
˫۾âһɭˣȴһţ࿴У֪Ƕɱ
üͷһ£ԼҲɱˣûгɳΪ֮ǰնõķһɳɱˡ
һȭĽЦеһȭ
ȭͷȫΪɫһֻͭͭһ޶ѿѪ֮塣
һЦһĨ⣬漴ʧȭཻ
ơһ죬ʯͷײϴһ㡣
Ľ漴˳ȥڿзȦײһ̫ʦΣ̴Ƶ̫ʦķѣĽվˡ

ĽɫǺ죬ȻһѪɫָ
ȴվԭأһĨΣ漴ʧ΢ЦĽͷ
Ľȭʲôƣ
ľơɬ˵
Ľ·Ҫ͸һ㣬Цľƣ޷еˣ
ЦЦҡͷ̾˿ĽŰΪʵѵ֮
̫ʦϣЦţǿ᲻׼ˡ
̾ϧСŮû֡
ڰ֣ûʲô˵Եǿģ±ˣ
ãͰɽͷ
ҡͷˣʣ߰ɣ
ǣʦĪһĽȻߵǰ
ףһ˶ʱʧǰӰ
ĽǺЦߣ̫һڣ⣬
վĻЦͦͦš
ߣЦһ
Ļ̌ͷЦţҪʦ޸ĪģҿɭɭǺˣ˭޸ǵùˣ
ܱȼ޸ܲõö࣡Ц
ĽҡͷҼʹٶŮˣҲṼʦģ
죡ûĺߵ
ҡͷ޼ɣĵҲ̫ˣҸ֣
ĽƲƲ죬мĵʲôˣҿҲϡƽúܣǲ̫ƣʰ
֪ûоУ̫һڵ湦ղΪʤ
Ľͷ湦ٶ࣬ΪأҲģ
ߵǴ´ˣ
Ľʲô
Ϊôģҡͷߵγ˸ƿưոݣҪģ
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棡ҡҡͷת֪ƣʦܣ
֪Ƹ̾˿ˮڣûǸ֪һλֹ򣡡
ţҲд⡣วףĽ

Ľհ׵Ļᶯ֣
ߣղž͸뵽ˣûĵ
ĽͷҪȥˣ
軰һۡ
Ľţɱѵġ
ҪôɱΣҡͷλ֣ǱȰöɣ
Ľ룺ţȷʵʤհ׵ġ
̫һڲԸΪβɱ
ΪʲôѽĽʡ
ߵΪ̫һڵ˶б֮һ֮Σʱᱬ˵
ĽЦЦΣԿɣ
ȵ׷
ĽЦţİɣзӣɱ֮Ļ֪
˵˵ֱһʧˡ
ɫ䣬ʯҲɫæܸɵó
ü֪ƣ֪Ƹ׳ʯҪŵʦ壬ȥס
֪֣ҿȥҲá
̫Σˡü
һֱû˵ƺһһ㣬ʵڰй۲뿴͸뷨ȴûн
ųǸϲŭɫ㣬Ϊ治⣬
˿͸ûɱҾԲŵģ޼Ȼ书ʤʤġ
Ǿǣæͷ
ʯæȥס
֪ҡͷ̾Ƣֲǲ֪ܿס
Сӣ̫ˣҧҡͷ


748 
ʯǻɲţת˳ȥҲûȴҡҡͷʯá
Ľִ־ǾͷţҲôȰҲûõģߣҲеĶɱ˰ٺò
ǿѹƣһ۱㿴ó˿޼ɵ书ǿʹӶһҲ򲻹
ǲ˶֣һΪ˱ӣһ·һй̫һų׿ս鷳̫
һʯ˽ɫصҡҡͷʦѾˣ
ЦʯҪģСӲµģ
ʯҡҡͷҲŰ
ЦǺǣǱҲţڰȴţйɷ辢ԸҪ
ʯ̾˵ʲôˣͿʦܲܵˣ
ɫɣģĽйĪģʹ򲻹Ҳûġ
ڿɳ㳲׷ɱ֮ȫˣû⡣

һ¸תƬƬԣ·һ˿ɴϣꡣ
ĽһɫװһڽʹǹģΪһ׳ʵĺӣˡ
һ̰㴩ȻͣסһϣΪһ壬Ϣޡ
ǰԶһܻӳӣüĿǰʦͽˡ
ϥţ΢һĵϢĪʷֻӡ
ŵֻѾƣ̵ðͣ䵽ϱһŻ𻨣ص֮
Ƭ̺ÿӣʦˡ
۾žâ漴ȥһɫ䡣
һУһֻӷɹݺݵҧһڣ˺һ⣬ľ׽ɫЩ
Īʣʦ˲Ҫɣ
ˣߵ
Īҡͷû뵽޼
һ﷭˴ˣ
Īͷȴ֪ʦӲʲô⣬Ǽˣ޼ᣬΪ֮ʤʦһʦľƣȫˡ
ʹ㣬ʦҲˣֻǿŲ˿ñ˳롣
ʹŲ׷ɱųϢȥ̫һЩ˵ģǶϲŹᡣ
ĪʵʦҪҸɽúþ죿
ã˺ҧȣ޺޵С˲ҳݣ̫ȥ
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Ī̾Ӽ˻ҧأв֮ͽܲ
СʲôߵλȥҪټ֣Ȱ޼ɸˣβţ
ǣҲд⣡Īʵͷ
޼ɣ٣û뵽Ż˹ʺˣôã͡ЦһҡͷһߣҲⲻ˶ã
Ľڰſţҡͷû뵽ڽŴϷأĿɣ
ʦǰС˽ŵ书ءĪʵ
ߵûʲôɵ书ǾģֻҪˣС̫һڵ书ǲֻ̫̫࣬Ƹʤһϧûóɣ
Ī̾ʦ˵Ѿţ٣ѵ̫ƴӴʧˣ
һһݳҡҡͷ
ĪЦʦհԶ
гҲûãûóɣ̫ƣ̫һڻкοɾ壡
ĪʰȻʦҲ˭ѽ
ϹﲻòһҲǸ鷳üӡ
ĪЦ£Ϊǡ
ҡҡͷҿǿʼˣξߵҪףտȻϢҵûУ
Īҡͷ̾˿ûУ˺ʯͷĳģһûкۼ
Ǹ󰡡̧ͷ£

Īʵͷ⣬һԲҴʦ
һ߳һ߰⣺ÿʦʦйϸ
һϢ˵ǵʦˮֻ̣ˮܾ̾ˣʦպǣңܸӡ
ʦģ˵ԽԽˡ
ι󣬰ع̾¹ˣ
ǣʦĪʵͷ
̧ͷ죺̫һѧĿ࣬ʩ̣ԵӳɲĵĻЩʵԽۺ۰£ɵ书ˣѷǣΨ̫ƣѹһͷϧɣ
ʦؼһѰ֮ĺͯĪʵ
ҡͷʹҵˣҪҲҪʮ깦򣬵ʱ޼ɲ֪ɳΪεȵزһҪȥ
ǡĪʵͷһ£أ
һһŮңΪһڣҶ
Īæʦ˼ȫ
бһۣߵСӣǲʲôˣ
Īͷǣ˵ʦˮһξİɣʦ
ܵõͦʲô٣һߵٴЩûõģ
ǣĪæӦЦʣǲģ
һۣһߵģ
ĪЦʦôߵ۹⣬ˮһ绪ܱȡ
绪ͷ̾Ϣһϵӣʳ˼ֹ̻绪
ĽҡͷʩˮҲȻˣ̣ȻĶô˵Щˡ

ĪСĵʵʦӢ书ǿˮΪβӦ
ʳ˼̻˵Ů鰮Цޱȣմǡ
ĪʺļʢСĵʣûбˣ
ûСҡͷ
Ī̾˿ǿϧˡ
鸴ӵĿգ̾ϲϵ£ϲˣ£٣£
ĪȻ⡣
ϵ£ƺЩˣһ
ĽȰһ˰󣬻ưȥ
飡һ죬⣬ԷӦѾܣʵʵһֱֱɳȥ
ʦĪʴʧɫĽ
ĽһȥȴײʯۣŻף
ߡһٴγԶȥʹŻҲסжȥһ֣һ塣
ײһ顱һ죬䣬Ļ£Դʹһ
Ľ˲䵽˸ǰƳͷ¡
٣̧ͷһ
ĽػûΪˣοò˼γɵĲӰʱ谭ǰӰӡ
Ľɱﵣһȷʵ˶̾˰зѱܹĵĹȻž綾
ٴξ£һĽֻٴαܹٴξƣȴһ⡣
һ⵲סĽĴɱЦһһģƾƶײĵĵ⡣
ٿأ˰
βһ£ӺȻŤ˲һԾĪǰлĽ
ĽһѳӰ˰󣬰ȴһʧǰ
Ľһæбȳһٴ֮㣬ˣѾӰӣƷȥ

ĽֻһۣǱιһ㣬һΣֻóӰ
ǰİȣ켸֣ĽֱˣһҲܲʱİǿɲ
һһλûһ̰֣總֮ҽ׷ϡ
ĪͣһԹۿʧУֻղһз·ΣԵüʵ
漴æ׷ϹȥһԾ˿УվϹƣ¹ˮЩ谵˫˼֣еһС
⣬ǰ׳ĺ˸Ʈƣʦ׷ɱʦ绯Ϊÿ
һίʵȻ񻯵ʦǰܰȻΪǵһˣʦһ񻯣书
ĽԽп࣬û뵽Լʩչһ޶磬ʽ־ȷ侲ʹҲû취
ϣܹʱʩչ׷̫ʩչ
һһߴ֮۹ƣȻһϲӿٶȳһɽ壬ɽһǻ£һǾڣɽȣɣһɽ壬;βС
˷嶥ǰһԾֱֱ׹ȥԥĸԾȥĪʴһվ¶˫ƣſеĽ
ĵӰһһȥ
Īʵɴ۾ȥź멣ƮƮһƬë׹һϳˣʦĻ
ü⣬ǾȻں棬ǸղΪû֣٣ûмʱסǴ̿ͣ
Ľǧ׹Ȼ½漴ٴһ˾룬ʩչ˴
һӴӿնĽϣǿᣬʩչѸޱȣԽأǰһࡣ

κȻһɺһƬëƮӭźХİĳһơ
ɫɲҪһ£ǰȻһһٿľһγһŻֱײĽ
ĽһʱӿըͬʱɳȥĽ³ϸ˸֮ƶٻ
Ľһ٣ٴͣסңңһڿΣȻһ
һѪٴ
ĽҪһƽʹлҲסһƾܱ
ҪƣǰĵӰ£·ֻӥڰ£Ľ֮䣬סˡ
Ľӹƣ¹֮ĸߣü԰ףɫŻɫ멣·ͷӥŰ
˺ƮƮλޱȣס˸Ľ˫⡣
Ľüư飡һ죬һưڿײ߶ʱһ·硣
ĽһƵߺȵʦܣʦܣʦܣƣ
ƣߵͷ
˺ȻһƻҲ࣬ұߵߣͬʱתԽתԽ죬γһƬӰ·һɫԲŰ
ƣһϺУĽֻǰرըɽӿǵر޿ɱܡ
顱˫ƣȴ۵ȻĪ֮֮£ֱӷ˳ȥֱƲɵĴݻһС
˺ѣ絶ֱ뵤
λΪӸתѪڿѪѪжжȥס˵
˫Ⱦδ٣ʩչṦϰľѾٻ޷ʩչκ书ˡ


749 
ʩչǧ׹ӿٶ˦ˣû뵽ĸۺƷ̫һڹȻС
˵ͬʸ죬һ𣬱˴˾·һĽ壬ݻľ硣
һˣֱ˺ˣĽгɣղ񹦼Ͻջ羭壬֮ͣǹ롣
ǿ壬Ʋɵ½ҲҪȴ֮Ǳס
£Ҳ٣ֱֱ׷һĿʯͷ䡣
Ľεתͷ½ϣ漴һţ࣡һ죬·ʯӵζļӿٶȡ
㷨ںʽС٣ת۳ʮԶĸ߼״ͷһʱءĺХҲӿΡ
½ٶûĽĿ죬ĽԭҲھİջ׼ųһŲļԶʤߡ
ԽԽ죬׹ת׿ϰԶʱĽѾﲻӰӡ
ʦܣʦܣǴŻȥҪˣʦȥ׷˷ǳɣһ߳
ʦ֣Сģ˲СһߵͷŰת
ԲɫɨһĽʧλã׷
ʦ֣ˣܲԶġһ΢Ц
˪üƻܲίʵӲҲ֪Ǻźɵĸ֣
û˵ˣΪ˾֮һҡͷ̾˿едˣ
ߵͷţҲǴˣ
˵Ĺ²ͣУƮƮƺŵУϢ
ת۹˴֣ȴûĽӰӡ
ʦ֣ܸоڸüɨܣӰã¹ʡ
߳ܶĳˣӲԶġ
ҪǷͷңߵ
߳һ£ͷĽˣҪǲˣֻҪҵһ
һһֿߣ˫ӥ

ѩ塣
ĴڣˮһϮ̫ʦУһֻ첲ӷ֣סף΢ڴ˼һڰ
ȻŲһһŮţһŵĵӡ
šˮֱô£
֪Ѿ赹ˡŮش
ˮ̵̧
ǡŮشһŤӯӯȥˣƬ̺Ů̧һ˽һңȴû
һˣѩ׵ĵ̺Ū࣬ǰѺ˷ŵԱߵİϣȻ¡
ŮŽ˵ţǹ⣬ֻ˵һ仰ȥˡ
ʲôˮߵǰ´İӡ
ƺʮ꣬Ũüۣ´źȥ糾ͣһһ·ûЪϢ촽˿ӣɫ԰ûһѪɫȻˡ
ֻ˵ǽŵӡŮ
ˮʣţûбģ
ûˡŮҡͷ
ˮü˿Ȼ̧Ƭ̣ҡͷ̾صƣȥһöˮ鵤
ǡŮӦһŤȥˡ
ˮ̵ߵĳǰһСľߵǰľ֮һЩɫҩࡣ
һЩĨں˵ϣȻදת۹˱ģΪһʮҵˣòƽȴĽ
ˮüĽӣΪ˵ôء
ţˮ鵤ˡŮĽӣȻţݵģǲǼðŵӣ
ˮҡͷĿȷʵǽŵĵӣȥ
ŮӦһóһƿȻ󵹳һöɫ裬ĽȻһճѨ

Ľˮ鵤󣬲һӹѹˮ̣ҡͷЦˮţЦˡ
ô£˭㣿ˮü
ĽΪ֪ܹ֮ȵˣɲηȻôصˣʵ󲻳֮˭㹦
ĽһŮˮ̰ڰ֣ˣȥɣôﶼһð˵ȥ
ǣšŮӦһһĽȻ˳ȥ
Ľ˫ֽӲʹƶһ㣬Աߵ̫ʦϣЦ̫һڹȻ鴫
̫һڵˣˮü
Ľһ̫һڵİͽϽɽҪͽףҴˣһݣûʡ
ôĵӣˮ̲ΪȻҡͷ̫һڵ˶бľѧؼʱܹʯ٣ѵ֪
Ľ֪һ̫һڵк飬̽˵ϸ
ô£ˮ̺ʡ
ܰѰƴز˻Ǻֺ֮ԼλʦԣǾô
һϻ治֪ʵɱʲôһֱǸգǲǱƲѣɱ
ĽһطҵһԴ̼Ǳһħһ
ԭˡˮףǱ˵ģ
Ľҡҡͷǵ»κβңʹʩչطҲûʲôֵһᣬĻ
šˮһΣȻ
Ľҡͷĸ֣ҿѷǰ뻪ǰ
棿ˮɫ΢䡣
ĽЦҡͷĸһָһƣʲôƣǾˣûܵסϣ

ø̫һڣˮڵվҡͷŰԵȴֶ̣Ϊ֪
Ľʦ˵̫һţ񾻳֣ǹƾŵģ
ˮףţʵϵֻҪɣŲǵġ
Ľ̾˿һСӢۣѰˣ뵽ЩһԼС
ôˣˮ¶һ˿Цݡ
ĽﰲҿԱչˡ
԰ɣˮ̵һЦβá
ĽЦһ£㷢ˣ
ˮ̺ߵ٣޷תƾǽŵҽβˣ
ĽЦʲôҲˮţ
ˮ̵ðɣµķˣԼˣ˰ɣʲô˵
һʥؾ޸˾Ҫԣľһɡ
Ľıһȭлˮţ
ˮ̵һЦл£գᣬһ龭ɡ
龭ĽȻ
ˮ̵Ҫ˵ȷʵ֮ϣ龭òʡȴ鷳빦򣡡
Ľ
ˮһޱ㷢򣬽龭ʱҪԭķҪһһȻ죬ȴҲҪһ̣ķ龭ʱֱתԭķ
ĽЦã龭˫޹򣿡
ˮףʶã˵л龭
Ľһ£Ҹ»ûס
Сӣʲôأˮһ죬ߵֻ֣ͨɣ
ĽЩεЦЦͷ

ȥȰκ˵աˮ̵ĽǰִĽ󱳣һεȻһʧڴڣȻ֮󣬳ѩķ嶥
̫ͷգŻȣȴģûһ嶥ı羵Ӱӳգ
ˮĽڱϣ֣ĽףԵһ£ҽȥ¡
ĽͷˮһʧƬ̺ٴγ֣ʯǰ֣ա
ĽٲʯңһˣɫΨɫһЩֻΪƣ¡
ĽݣһϮɴŰ£޼ɣˣ
Ľ̾˿£Ҫˡ
ָָţǰһֱţƽʱóˮһæñʦ
ղˮ˵ĽˣҲ˲ʰţɫʱˣĽֲŻָǵģ鲻
Ľ棬̾ϰľȫݻ٣˹ˣȫˡ
ţҿףץĽһֻ̽졣
ĽֻһůϢ첲ȻѭһȦԭɬ͵ľ˿谭ůϢת
ĽȻȻʥ¹ȻǴ꣬˷Ȼƿ˾ơ
ԼˣԼΨд˷ܹƣһڹķû취Ρ
ĽЦЦãһָˣ
ţҪһӲκã̫ˣ·Ľҡҡͷ
ĽЦҴҲû֪

ðɣȻˣ޼ס£úˣڽһŹȥġˮҪ뿪
Ľæˮţ
ˮתͷôˣҪöԣ鷳㽫ҪΪµķ
Ľҡͷˮǰ߻ǰһЩȥš
šˮȻ
ĽЦһȥɱ̫һڣȻȷҸɵģǽѲϵһˣҹƲһҪģһŭ֮¶ǽŲ
ˮ̳һ£ͷǸӣһó㲻˵ҲˣðɣһһЩֹȥʦҲȥͰ˰ɣ
Ľ¶飬ѵıȭм
ǽѾˣΪǵĻ£ԲԹۣˮ̰ڰ֡
Ľ̾Ϣ¶ԹңûܰѰˣһţ̽䰡
ʵڰգԼûô⣬ʹһƣȰѰŪٳ֣ҲôĲۡ
ȻĴవԼֻҪɱ˰ʹҲ޷ӵó
񵹺ãûɱ˰Լڽ򣬷ˡ
ԽԽңԴ˳˳ˮʹðҲܳɹ书ǿôһ
µ㲻Ҫ̫࣬Ͽʼ˰ɣԽǵ齫Խ鷳
Ľͷðɣˮţһоͽˣ
ˮ΢΢һЦİɣһЩ˹ȥ
Ľмĵͷ΢ѾƵ󱳡


750 
µޱȣؾҲǳȴ첲Ͽʼ޸һһϣȴһ翪ʼ޸ֻҪ޸һ磬Ľתͨ˹Լ޸ˡ
ĽĽջ羭ǳҲ޸ˣһ̫أ޸ٶȲ̫죬ĽܵΪؾ١
ʱ䣬޸ɣ漴ʼСȭСȭ߶תѪ⣬޸
ʱСȭʩչžڵתһһѪ⣬޸ŲƵľ硣
ĽֻůůתԽԽʮСȭԽĽһ鵤졣
һԹƣҲӣСȭͷģķĽȻͬʹѧСȭҲãǺθһЩ
Сȭ·ͬǰǾòͬ˭˭޷˵壬ڳѧ߶ԣСȭһЩΪĸ˵θ֡
ĽһСȭһĸо֪У㱣е
һ𣬺ȻѹʱֻתϢƻָĳɣǽչ١
Ļ̌ͷ˿£ҲȭߺΣʽ
ĽЦŴۣͷ⼸ûȭԽлˣһһʽú֮衣
ܸоתɭɭ񿿽һ
ºܿƣһĽƺɫղǽ˺һ֮˰ɣ
ĽЦŵͷײˣ
һʱˡµ
ĽЦֻһգ۶ѣϧֻ̫٣ξͺˣƺܿͺˡ
ҡҡͷֻѵһ֪ɣأ߰ɣҽŸˡ
ĽЦżˮ˵龭
ʦ˵ˡͷ
Ľ龭ǻʲôô
ҡҡͷʦ˵龭ٶ죬ѣҪͨ
Ľüͷһ£ͨ

µҪ˫ޣҪһֱһĬⲿľ
Ľ룬ͷЦһΪҪ
۲һɬˣŤͷȥĽһ֪汻ԼˣȷʵҪ򸾳
Ʋ⣬ʼʱ򲻱ˣܵ˺ҪǰǳĲֻ֣˫ּɡ
ļ죬ĽһֱˣµؾޱȣټĽĽջ羭ֹͬЭƻָ졣
ʱ֣ѩ嶥ȻһХХ쳹ɽɽе˶õ
ΪĳХ֪Ϊнеˣ书ԽǿʵҲԽǿʱҲӰȫ˱ӻûбӻǽȻͬģΪŴɵĵһ㡣
Ľվڷ嶥Хһй⼸΢ЦվһԣƮƮĿˮ
ĽХ֮йȥתͷЦ£Ƕлˣ
ҡͷûҲ˵ģһЩˡ
ĽЦûؾκˣûһ룬ôҿɰסܰұˣ
Ҫȥˣµ
šĽͷ̾ʵڲɽϣ̫һڲưոݣһȥܾһ
µҸһȥɡ
Ľҡҡͷڻڣôɽ
µЦһ£ɽɽԻ֮ڣҪģʦӦģ
Ľ룬ҡͷӦûò㣬ȥˮŰգ֪ɽϵʲô
ţȥɡס

ĽƮƮɽȻɽȼˮ̡
ˮںŶ飬һ°ɫĲϣбţһ飬һֱ߷һġ
ϣһϮѩӳѩûһ覴ã·ʳ˼̻Ĺӡ
Ľ뵽ĪĶԻǲˮ̾ʳ˼̻ӣǰȴԶƶˡ
Ľߵǰͣ£飬̧ͷ֣˵ɡ
˵˵˯ûҲ࣬Ľ
ĽǰƮУˮţˣ
ˮ̵һЦҪĿǰû
Ľü룺ûȥ̫һǱ߼ţ
ˮ̵Ȼ
Ľ˼ЦЦһǹңͿˣ׵ˮôǣ
ˮ̵ҲصģŲô۸ģô̫һͶˡ
Ľҡͷ̾Ϣ̫һ𲻵ţΪ˼ɺһ˽ţ༸ԸǣǲȻͰѽˣ
㻹Ǽףˮף΢ЦűϾ֮һ񣬾һܹ׵ģ
ĽȻ˵Żɱﵣ
ţպˣ̫֮һڼʹţҲûôףҲ̫ģˮ̵
ĽҡͷʹţЩһˣҲܲˣⶼҵ
ҪôأˮҡҡͷΪȻֲ£һ֧ӣ̫һ붯Ҳִ£е˽⣬ȷܣԲſ£
Ľˮ˵ʹ̫һ붯֣Ҳı󶯣һʱ̲ᶯ֣ǲǣ
Ҷ԰˽⣬ἱŶ֡ˮ̵
ĽһۣҪ͸ĵһ㣬һ˫̣ʣȷʵ޷԰Ρ

ĽȻһЦˮţⲻĿɣ
ˮһЦ⻰⣿
ĽЦҾݵģ֪ҿ׼׼
ܿݵ˻治࣬һˮףҲպٴ㼸С
лˮţĽ֪ûʡ
ˮ˵ٴԼУ˼ѾˣԼôҪҷҲǴˣȻ
ʵں棬֪ĿΣ˵ѣıȷ绪ʤһǵεòأ
ϧˮ̵ԿĺۼǰĻĽҲỳɣӶһ˿ۼ
ˮһķŵ׽ţȫ꣬õĵ˳һָȻȥɣ¿ʼ龭׹ȻҪίʵףԹ֮Ըܹţ
Ľͷ뿪ţίʵˣбӣԼʧ̬
뿪ɽȻص嶥µʯңһŲ۾
ĽЦãǱûʲôϢһٴһӣܲ龭ɣ
ãھͿʼɣµͷ
ӻóһĲӣݸĽԭ㿴ɣסǾͿʼ
ĽͷӹˣⱾСӷ˻ɫƾãɢŵϢܹо˺ܶ¡
СӼΪʵĥȻûʲôĥĺۼû˷һ㣬Ľһʣ㷢졣
ǳУּͷǳĽӦĳֶƤ͵Ƥʵڿ벻
龭ڷƺҪƿնǰƮݣֻƲͬд
ĽۣЦǰ飬š
ţһһŮλǰķҲһġµ
Ľ֮һ㿴ˣʮҳʮָӣҪȴѵöࡣ
һǰͨⲻͨʹĹҲã
һʯͷȻö࣬Эܰæǳˣһ˰ᡣ

龭أ˲ͨΣգ˶Է֮գͬЭͻΪˡ
龭ʵҲСҪȫſ˼ŶԷöԷţĺһ
Ψкһķǰ㸴ӣؼһ
֮˽˽ģԽǳ˽Խأͨȫű˴˵˼ڣ龭Ϊ
˵龭ûɣĵӼǵˮˣˮ̵ʦˣʦҲˡ
һķ£ֹ֮ˮ˶飬Ľǲף룬һ㡣
ִ֮ˣú֪ʶ֪νĶ֮࣬Ǽط°ˣ˵ʵ
ķֱӷĻܣʹ֮ٶ飬Ⲣʲô֮¡
ķͬʱҲб׶ˣһ飬ǾǷϹ߻ħ֮գ֮ǡ
Ƴ֮龭һĺĵӶ飬龭
龭Ҳһ֮ɣȻ书Ҳ˵ӡԣƭ
ǲɣ˵ԣҲûбҪپȥԷֿˡ
ȻһĵӵˣʹҲûʲôˣĲǱ񹦣ɲ̫󣬶ʧһЩΪˡ
񹦵˵һ飬Σ֣ļλǰǹһˡ
ˮ̿ж֮ףԳȫǣҪ龭һãȿԿĽΣֿһλ֡

Ƭ̹ĽͷСӻ£΢Цѽǿʼɣʹӵһڿʼ
㿴ˣסˣʡ
ĽЦŵͷû⣬һϣһһż
֪ģǾͿʼɡµͷ
ƵƣĽҲƣ֣Ľܸоĵϸ
Ľͨȫĸ˼Ҫںϵһһ˹ȥоһҲ
Ľ³һȵϣϴഥȻʼתת
Ȼ顱һ죬תе϶Ϊһ漴ĴһĹ⣬ӳ˵֡
һֱ˸ֱۣȻֱ˵ʱϢһ֣תϴˢž磬ƺ¼ӹ̾硣
Ľһһڳˢ壬Ȼϴ֮Ч龭ȻǳһڱǴ
ֿƣ¾ĽղŵʱȷʵоĽ˼񿴵ԺеһУίʵޱȡ
ĽЦȻ龭Ȼǳ
ͷҲ⾭һ򣬾͵ֵһʮ
ȥԼǰһµֵһ꣬꣬ȥΪֲ¡
ȻҲ֪ϵ²ףǿʼʱٵҪôͲˡ
ʵû뵽һʼǱţ˱ͨ뵽ĽĹͨһ˵飬ȻܹںΪһ
ĽľǿᣬֻܵĽͷȴȫе˼룬Ľȴܿ͸ġ
龭أ֮γɶصĽѾоΪ죬֮⣬ֱ壬

ĽоΪǿǿģǺˮݣעĲǺˮ٣ǺĴС
ɶصģܺˮĽԣˮسĽջ羭ףֱȡ̫֮룬ת۹
ľӿӹ̣Ʋ⣬һ󣬵ڶڿʼӹ̵ˮ޺ӵ޺ĴСһѭ򽥽Ĺ̡
ĽЦǽΣ
ðæͷҲڸŸղŵı仯ɶصίʵ죬壬ǿ磬ǰδŵ졣
ٴһֻƵһȻӣ˳Ӵת̫ͼһ㣬ںΪһγһصżӹ̾
ѾһΣһû̫ţҲ棬˳һתںϣըγɶٴη
ѭ˲ͣ˳ںΪصأ뾭磬ͣļӹ̡
˵ĵòʱķſƣһЦĬ֮С
Ѿ˳Сһһ¹գɢʵԣ嶥ıӳ
վڷ嶥Ľ΢Цû뵽龭ȷʵǳôȥֻҪڶڣǿһ
šƺԳڸղŵĹУĲ˵
Ľȭͷֻӿôִǰȣǿ֮һ
תٶȸ죬˲ﵽľ磬һȻͬ
ĽЦ£ǱȻһ£һΣ
ͷȻһưһ߱ƳĽǰĽǺһЦĳ
顱һ죬ƱѣΪĩ
ĽͷãȻн
ܵĩ䵽ϵĸоɭɭ

ֶ˼ƣĽ̫ʣѾǴԲ仯µıȴʵʣԽʵȻǰʤ֣Ҳǿˡ
Ľ˾ݲ⣬Ϊһɡ
ĹΪһ㣬ǴǰһǺ˵֣书
龭ţ֮˫֮Ƿ˼
ʮ죬һ㣬ƴӵһһֱ˵ڣľ綼һ룬УΪǿһ
峿ʱ֣ĽڱСȭСȭʮ㽫Ҫͻˡ
ȫù鹦龭龭ʮһЩƣǿҲǿĤУĤ˽ջ羭ĵʮ㡣
Ľãȥ̫ãֻҪʮ£ͻ˽ջ羭ĵʮ㣬ﵽʮһ㡣
ʱԲֻһ֮ңĽÿ˷ԣ޲ˡ
Ҳ֪⼱ãҪˮɣ̫ż߻ħԽΣԽ󣬶߻ħ֮ա
峿ʱֵģůⲻ㣬С紵ϣ䣬֣ΣЩϰˡ
ǡʱŲüͷʱ
ֵ֮ʱıǽŲ˵ίʵԣ޲һֱʲôҲɡ
޼ɡˮӯһϮƮƮƲŮմһ˿̻Ϣ
Ľһüͷв֮Уˮţôˣ
ˮ̿ȵףΪǿ٣龭ˣ
¶һ˿ЦĽΪǿô࣬Ȼ龭û뵽š
龭ɲôģʹҲûãǴˣԽǴԽ࣬һĻԽСû뵽Լѵģܲ͸龭龭Ĵţ

ĽЦѾˣɽ£
ˮͷ̫һǱ춯ˣҪʲô£ǳǽŵģܲ
Ľüͷ̫һڹȻԵĸҶԸǽţ
ûʲôҵģˮҡͷŵĹϵһˣһ߷һ֮ͰΪждˣ޲ͳǣ¶ˡ
ĽüðɣҪսսǲɣˮţҪˣ
ˮ̾Ϣһҡͷû뵽¾龭¸һգ
һ龭˵ϣమٺˣǲ֪ѩһǲҲš
Ľ龭ϱ㱻ˮ̽ˣΪŮҲʼҪȥ
ˮţȥ̫һڡĽ
ˮ̳볭ǵĺ·ǵļƻ
Ľͷ̾ܲͱһĶңһҪٵˣҲģ
ô뵹ܿɹ󣡡ˮף¶֮ɫ̫һڿɲôôģ
ĽЦǴǰһе飬Ǻǡ
ţڹȷʵʸֱײĪ˰Ĵˮ̵
Ľһһ͵Ϯûǵ֣һζҪһ֮𣡡
۵˵ΪǸ˺ɵƣȷʵĽЩĽҪ͵ѧ
ҲףҪʩչҪҲ̣ʲô˶ѧᡣ
ˮ̵˰ɣ㻹ǻؽţúӦ̫һڵ˾ˣʦܻа취ģǵĲ𣡡
ĽҡҡͷԻСģҪǵʵǵвһ֣ҽʦǱһ

ˮҡͷڻ֪ǵҪʲôҪԸʲôɣɡ
Ľһ˵ĵ˾ѣǲɺ£Ҫһµģˮŷģģ
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ðɡˮҡͷ΢Цһȥ򣬴ȥ󲿷ֵĸ֣Ҫ̫һƾʲôţ
Ľü̫һǶԸĲǣأ
ˮЦһҡҡͷǶԸʲô˶ܣǲԸǣİɣ
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Ľ΢΢һ£ȴףؼĲλǰǰİĽ֮飬ȴ˵ġ
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ҾŤתǬģܴµ
ðɺðɣԸṼˮ΢΢һЦ

Ŵ
̫ʦУˣϣ渧ųףüͷ֪Ƹ׵Χˡ
ڵռΪأǶϢ̫һһ뿪ɽţ϶
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֪ôһ죬̫һŵìѾã̫һڶֻ֣ԣη塣
̫һҲǣΨнţȻͷӲһЩʵȴ̫ǿ
޼ɵ𣬽¿⣬ֻҪ޼ɳɳԳΪĸ֣ʹýŵ̫һڡ
̫һΪ˲ʹγ棬ǰ֣߶޼֣߶Խ֣֮ýĳɳ
Ȼ׼һˣǶмأһȻ̫һ˾ģžǶֵġ
һϮۣϵĿˣλؾţĻǰѾɽϣʮ֣Щˣ̫һڵкο£
õĵѾмˣʮ֮ھͿԵִ̫һǰ
õˣټĸ֣̫һٶˣҲռñˣ
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˾һ޼֣Īĸд޼Ѿǽŵĵһ֣ܻһ
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Цȥɱȷʵ̫ˣ룬еûˣ
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ȻһĺţмӼϢ

һܽ˫ֵһܣǰӹˣ뿪ˣתݸࡣ


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֪ƽӹֽۣ׳ٶȣʱ־͸õˣô׼ա
ҪҪһηʡ
֪ҡͷûʲôãɢֱӭӰɣǣ
ߵֻٶˣ̫һûǷ
ŲѾɽĵӣнǧˣһΰЩɽµĵټճ˽ǧ֡
̫һھȻֻˣʹҪһǧ˶̫ˡ
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Уʦ˵ʲôʲôͷЦʦɲ㶯֣Ҫסඣͷ

ۼ䣬ȻŲ죺

һӴǿڣ˫ֳһܣǰӹˣͷǻת뿪
ܽ࣬ȡֽɫȻһ䡣
ôˣţæʡ
ҡͷЦû뵽
û뵽ʲô漱æʣı󣬵ʢƢҲ꣬޲óĲ
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һɱʧܣҪǲף˵Ѿˣֻǰû˵ˡ
̫һֱӹţȻϳ޼ɵ˼޼׹ݵģˣȻ䵽ϣѾû
һֱĽǲģĽѧɾ֮ߣѾǽŵĵһ֣δܴŹʾҪ䣬ίʵǽĪʧʧȥһưµĻᣡ
ӹֽɨۣЦããǽţ޼Сû¶
ϲŹ⡣
糤һҲϲɫæӹϵֽСҲ֪籨Ŷĵģ
Ǽ˰ա
ҡͷǳ˰ɣ̫СưˣȻҪɱô״ɱ̫һҲ˲ˣ
Ľ֪ǲ֪ԼϢΪˮѾԼϢ˵ˣԲûŻ
֪ˮ̶ĮȻˣԭľԹδҪʱĻ⣬Ͳż

Ǻǣúã֪ƿֽЦ޼ɣ˵çײɣȴмִһǴߴ磬ţ
ǵͷ
Ц޼һˣɱʮ˺Ȼ
֪ҡͷЦ޼ɵΪ죬Զ˵Щˣôɵȥ磬ɴҲ̫һ˵ΪҲ߲ȥǲ̫ģ
Ǿǣͷ
Ҳܽ⣬ֻһǵǲıģһ̻Ҫ򣡡
ִһȡ

ղŵĻֿ粽ǵǰӹܣŴ뿪
ܵݸ࣬򿪿˼ۣҡͷʧЦ
ţǲ޼ʲôϢæʡ
Ц޼ɱʮˣ
Сӷɱˣü¶֮ɫǰǳǲ͵ϮǷˣȥɱͶ
ʣôˣ
ҲŵĶ֪࣬Ƹ΢Ц֪Ľսʤˣռ˱ˡ
Сӣɱʮ˺ˡҡͷЦ
ЦСӱıûУܵıȴСҪ˶ǵľȴˣ
ҾСһǼˣֻЦ
֪ҡҡͷҾûô򵥣޼Ǹ̽һǳأҲиȫ׼ҲʡǶˣ
Ŷ⣿Ȼʡ
֪ҡͷЦʦ֣Ƕ̫С޼ɲѧݸߣ书úãмСģ
ʦԼǣ޼ȻƢ˵ǱҲô죬ǲǣЦǵ⡣
ðɣҪҪȥæ
֪ҡͷǻǵȵȿ˵޼ʲôأһȥ˼
Ǿ͵ȵȰɣͷѡ


ྫһæ
ղŵĻǽǰһӭӣ˫ְܳӹϵݸࡣ
չ󣬺ǺЦСӣǺСӣ
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Цʹ죬ʹҴͷ󣡡
˶Ѿ׼׵ˣһ£ϼһٶˣɽȻʩչṦٶһ㣬̫һڸֶȥ
Ȼһˣӿȴǧ֮ƣƮȻǰмɱڵƣֵʱ֣·ϵǼ˷׷ױá


752 ͵Ϯ
ǰͷʮϣеĶ֣ʯƽУѩȴڡ
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Ѫڣʧǣҡͷ
Ӽ˽⣬ƽʱȥ䣬Ǹ侲ˣһϴ򶷣ϻһˣһƴɡ
Цŷİɣ׵ģһԼģ
ţȥɣͷ
תͣһͣµϢ񣡡
˷׷ԣеԱߵ˵죬еľۣϢеóá
ģŵȴεս֮ǰǰ
뼸ϵ˵۵µΣֵܳ
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ǰɼʹҲʮ˶ʮˣСģĳͻû˶ĸֲС
Ľɱ˻һ磬ɳ㳲׷ɱųû͵Ϯǵɽţû٣ȡôʤÿɳʧԪ
һҲǼʮ˳ΪѸٶΣԲ̫ˣһȴٶһ𣬹ģȻͬ
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һ̫һڵĸҲܱĽǱĽɱʮ˻޿κΡ

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Ǽ·ص˴ǰӣصʱ£Щ緢ഺػ֮С
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ʦܣź۸ңߵƲƲ˵ڻǱʦܵʵʵģ
˺ǺЦҡͷѡ

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ʱǰӰһ漴һƮƮǰͷ磬ʯĽ
ĽһϮƮƮУ鵭ģ絽˽ǰֱ£޼ɼţϣ
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ĽڱϣϣҼһлģ˵ˡĸ书Ǿܲģ
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Ľͷ޿ܣ֮֮ķʽΪʹ죬ܲã
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Ľüûл
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Ļǿɣ
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Ľæͷʦǣңһ쵽ʲôҲҪֻҪרͺãؼʱܾ
ЦŪ̫ˣҵ书䲻޵УҪȴҲף˵һֱɽϣǱ
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Ľ̫һڵȷʵز¶ģһطܹ书˫һɱ㣬ܱܵù
ЦЦնȶҲطûʲôġ
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ţ޼ɵĻҾûȥ󣬵齨ˣ֪ƵͷҪΪģ
ţҲ޼˵ͷ
˸ŸͣȰȥ齨ܴ⡣

ת⣬Ľ޼ɣ̫һ书Σ
Ľͷðɱǡ
Σæʡ
ĽǣԶһٶ֣ҾǴʦǲࡣ
ʯʡ
Ľͷʦ֣Īɱףǿɲǿȥôģ
ֵ˵ֱĨǣλʦҪְ֮书˽Ҫʮһıˣɱôף
ʮһ㣿ɫ΢䡣
ĽظȻһֻҪŬһӣٱչһΣܴﵽʮһ
棿ʣЩš
ĽЦƭⶼµĹͣûİҿûô
£ʡ
˶ЦǺЦ޼ɣĪ˫֮
ĽһۣЦʦ
˫֮Ȼʯ㣬޼Ҳ棡ǺЦų׵û˵˫֮أ
ĽҡͷĹ򣬲˫
Ĺ򣿡֪ȻҡͷЦˮģԹ˽Ըģ
ĽˮŴӦġ
ˮҪŮʵˣ֪ҡͷЦһ࣬̾Ϣһ
ߵûʲôˣѾʦ㲻˵
ǿѩˣ֪Ƹҡͷ
һɨһۣĽϣСӣԺҪŮˣĶ⣡
ĽðɣҲ뿪ɽ
ɡڰ֣ƺЩȻȻЩҪΰźã
ĽȥƴɱһӰɣȻҵҲǳصģɱǻͦ׵ģ
ţȥɡڰ֣ʦܣһɣ

ͷҪӦĽæţʦһ˾ͺã˶˷鷳
СӣΪʦ׸ˣߵ
ĽǺЦʦ书Ȼģ޹书£ȥ͵Ϯɱ򣡡
翴ࣺȻˣҲȥˣ
ڰ֣ãȥɣ
֪æڰֵţţһ⣡
ʦ˵ɡæ
֪΢ЦȥˣЧ̫ãֱӳȥȻƴɱʱ޼͵ϮһЩɣ
Ľһİƣϲʦã
ҪɱˣϢ֮Чãӣŭɫбˣɵ̫ƣȫʮɷΧ֮ˡ
书ϣʹã˵ͼʤһĳ˷ھŵĶʱӹȥˣ˵һζ㲻ڶΡ
һӣעⱻĳƣɱΣҲˡ
ַѾɱʮ֡


753 ʼ
ȻˣͰʦܵôϢһȻ
ǣţ˳͵
ĽߵСӣȥ̽̽ϢĪ͵Ϯǣ
ĽЦǣţ
ȭЦӦһȻתߣΪһỊ̃˲ʧԱߵϢ
ʦܣǸǽ˴ˣҡͷЦ
ŭһֱ˵Ĭԣϣʱڵʦܷ޲ѵ֮
ЦҲɽŵˣҵĹͣС˵书ǿһЩǻı¸ô̵ʱǣ˶£
ЦЩ鷳Ҳûʲô˵ģԭ÷ķˣ£˵ңǰǵĶԹҲǹĴ£
ҡͷ޼֮ǰһﲻأһСӲԶţҪûҪ̿಻ֻ̿࣬űȱ˶ѧ˼书Ŵﵽ̶Ȱˣ죬ǿˣ
΢ЦͲѾѵõ˲ˣܸ޼ɱȵģ˱ȡ
ͱڰ֣ĸ̾
֪Ƹ׺ǺЦЩĸ꣬ԻǺõģֻҪúĥܳΪ˲ţһΰܸ޼ɣûмޣ׷ϣѵã׻ʦֵļҽ̺ãԴ
ǺЦźӣмԺĲ˵ǻԵģǰûж˿̿ùĶҲ׷޼ɣǲûȤ
΢Цǰ;˭Ҳ˵õģ˵죬׷޼أ
ʦͱ¸ҹԻҩˣݲԶ֮ʣҪȵ޼ɣⱲǱָˣҡͷ
Ц޼ƴܸ˲ĵĸоʱʧȥһ㣬ÿȥҲ찡
ޣѻ죡æڣߵⲻôʦģ
ҡͷЦҵʵܣƭˣ

˵ĽһǰЦǺǵĵţϢأо䣬ǱֵˣɶԹңҪȻܹһ͵Ϯ
ڰ֣ɱô࣬̽ʵѾѵãنˣ
ĽӦһЦڹƶ۵òᣬҪֵĻٵһȣǾӿʱȥ
ǱԼڵòᣬڻڷԼ͵ϮһӣԼû֣иʱƣ糱ˮһӿ뿹Ҳܲá
ʱɱȥҪҲȻ״̬࣬ʮɵĹֻ߰˳ɡ
һƲҪɱֻһ֮ˣһܾͲ
Ľ뵽ЩҲǻ㾡ˡ
֪¶֮ɫЦǺǡ⣬޼ñ֮Ҫ
Ľ΢ЦǳʶұʦŪġ
֪Цǲ˵ǻĲô࣬ǽŵǼֱӣӲӲƴ׷
ҡͷʦܣӲӲƴǲģһζı᱾ĩˣ
֪ЦǣǣҾǸüƵʱҪüƵģԼνʧ
ĽҪæţʦ»Ժ˵գ̫һڣǿ̸̸켸ҹҪڻ׼Ĵսա
Ǻǡ֪ҡͷЦðɣ޼ѡ
Ľţôȥ͵Ϯɱˣû͵Ϯɱ㣬һˣҵģĿɳ֮ܲ
ţ޼˵ͷ
ڰֲֵǽС㣬һΣ⡣
ĽţİΣϵģһϮϾͻĻɢսˣ
ţҲ޼ͷţܲ

üˣεҡҡͷգҴֻ֣һԿܳ˰ɣ
Ľҿôʦָɣʦֲض֣һΣգһ¾ͳɡ
ɣҡͷɨһӣ̾գңҶź档
ţҲɡĽͷʦǾɱģһһ
ߵСӣô˵ǲǸûʲôô
ĽǺЦʦҿûô˵ʦֻǲⲻܲϰɣ
ߣȻȲ㣡ߵ
ĽЦеĵ˵ĳ棬ʦֲģûɽȻ㳡ܲס
ţ޼˵еǿˣֻҲѵãܺúһ洦֪ͷ
ü룺ҷҪǹƽҲգƽһŵĻ
ţ͸ˣĽæͷ෴ԣ񹦾ˣҲܱλʦֵģ
Ľһۣͷãôɣ
˶һҡͷЦЦ޼ɰǡ
иӣǰ˵޼³ç嶯ڿɲǸˣܻ飬Ǵϸϻġ
Ϣ˰ʱĹĽЦţ˰ɣǱҲиˣ
ôû˹ǰվ̽̽·üЩɻЩĵĵѵôаǽţ
ĽЦʦǲˣǸˣǰɳļҸʰˣˣû˹̽
ԭһһֱأʶӵľٲҲӦҪǰڣϹߵģȻ
֪ƺǺЦ޼ǰ뵽ģǵ̽ӣǺ²ˣģ
ĽæȻģٸɱ

֪Ƹ׺ǺЦЦһۣ⡣
ĽĿһɨЩڣЦţҾȽȥҪ֪ģ͵͵ģĵɱˣװϵҰɣ
ҡͷЦȥɣ
ĽӦһŤ˺ĶУʹɽҲٳһֱСԺԵʵڲôЩŵĵӶʮ꣬ɽĸ֣ϵá
Цŵͷ㱻ʯ˹ȥ
Ťͷ˿ӣǶ԰ɴòֻܿˮӣĶķӯӯˮһĶˣҲ˵ǳˣֻһ˫˫롣
Ľһ͸ǵɴǵİɴɲϴְɴĿ͸Ҳ׿ʲôҲ
͸˵֮ʱһִͷһλˣ˶֮һɣ
ŰɴȺУȥΧŮûʲôͬûиֵƣҲûиֵķɣΧĵǻһʵڷֲ˴ˡ
ĿͣڻɣϣתתƿˣȥǷ˻ɣĴڣȴһ㡣
³ԾӣǲûзɣĴڣΪηҪУʾԼأ
Ľһͨˣɣ˷ǰһΪ֧ԮţԿ̫һڣӦԼҪģߣҲǷţ½ŻЩˡ
˵¹ֱֱȥˣʲôıƣ֮ĲУ֮Ĳ
ĽҡͷЦЦˮ̵˼ȫҲ̫СһˣزˣŲˣıա
ңǲʮˣ˵Ǹ֣ȴȫıˣѵ󱨸ɣ

ʮ˶Ƕĸ֣ҲУĽĿɨʱĽЦһ¡
Ľף΢ЦͷʾϳˣûǰкѾʯ˹ȥ
ʦ֣ôĽʯ
ʯҡҡͷ˭֪ĲˣȥǲҲǵģʵûӣ
ĽǺЦӵƢǲ˽⣬Ƕ˪һ˾ͺˣһŮûʲôͬġ
ǺǣˣҪΪŮˣʯݺһĽļ򣬵ɴ۾
Ľæʦ֣ⲻԹңΥΥţʦҲ⣬ҡ
ʯһ֣ЦЦĵҲû˵ô㣬ô˿һ㣡
ĽЦðɺðɣ˿°ɣҿǽŵĵӣȥģ
ţͺãʯͷ
ĽЦʦɩðɣ
ʯһۣ⼸һֱ߶ôȥԷأǲʲô⣬᲻£ͦģ
ĽЦһʦɩĲˣ
аδ˻ȥٳԡʯߵ
ĽƽЦЦʦ֣ʦ֡
һһۣû˵ƽЦʦܣҺÿ࣬һαףﲻ˵һ
ĽЦ˵ñ˿
ᱻ֪ģʲôģƽЦ
Ľҡͷһʱһʱգ
Ĵǲ⣬ֻŰ½ˣûȥΪµķùذأѩء
һεĸȴòȥˣߵһҲ޿κˣֻһߵˣٷڡ
Цʦã£㵽ϲһ
ĽЦҡҡͷԶԣЩ顣
ȷʵиѩһƬ飬飬һЩ⣬Ȣ£ԾöԲסѩ

˵Żﶼգ׼׼ϳȥҲҶ˵ˣһݲõʴȣֻһߵͬ飬һ飬ƽʱһͳɣ
ǣȵ
תͷǰ壬ʩչṦ籼һ㣬˸ϣٶȶ˵ɲ
Ʈʯߣƽ˵һǹȥš
һ£û˼
󣬹ؼԼɱУǻסŵı棬Ҫ͵Ϯˣ
˻ͷʾˡ
ǵش󣬲Ҫ̰ͼ̼ʹ죬ֻԼƴɱǵβɱУǻסţ𣿡
ǣʦģ˱ȭ
ĽǵĻĵĵͷȻӿΣ͵һ壬ߣȻһ壬Խ࣬ǰͷ
תһգȻ󿴵һȺڵԵǰγһԲΣγһ󷨡
Ľһ㿿ڹ⣬ˣҽ˸շӦҲˡ


754 ɱ
ɱ˻ȣʱۣγ˹ȥһγһСһ֧֧˽ȥ
ȺҲ׷ӭսִ֮䣬еû취ս㱻ɢˣ
ҲûʲôƣʮĵƮƮɣմһȴγһصƣʮȦ˽ȥʱ˸ɭɭΧ¶Ƚ˼֡
ĽȺһӣڹ˳ȥ鷢ÿһӱһˣˣ
ֲϢĳƣеĸܹܶȥҪʩչʱȻһεײòȥֵζʱһͣЮڹҲˡ
һĽ鷢һ㣬ܵסʹΧȴûĽ
Ӱʩչ쾡£һһ˸䣬һһ𣬼Ӱÿ˹ȥĲӰṦ֮ǿΪˡ
ҲĽ£ӰṦķҲ߽ϣʵ̫ƣҡ
ڳ˸нŵӳΣ飬Ȼ֣һڹΣԳ֡
Ȼ̫һһ˸ǲһʼʱ򣬽ŵӲռţ漸°Խп಻û뵽̫һһֲôࡣ
Ƕ֮ܿ챻˲ˣҪȥȱ˸ܣֻżһƳΧ
ýŵĵӶһ飬Ȼ·磬ȴܼһӣȥƼ˵ߵвɷˡ
ٿǱߵΣʮγһ󣬰ʮȦڵУ˸Σתݣת֪ռϷ硣
˵ļƣֻʰʮ֣˲ˣɽԼԸ
һ˶֣һ߹۲ΧΣ°ЩûһЩ˹С̫һڡ
̫һҲ֪Ūô֣ǲףԼܴùͬϣԼȴЩˡ
ڰ֮࣬Ľڳдʱǰں񣬱仯Ī⣬ͣĳֽΧһ

нһмּźҽУʵڲĳ
ƽûɽûģɱѪѪɵĳ棬Ǽĳ
Щܲסɫ԰ף޹غǱԡ
æӦߵΧûĹעǣվԶ˫սǰſŵĵΧ
̫һڵ˺ģö֣ûǣǱűὣŵɨܣȴһֱûж֡
ʹɫ԰ףŻһ㣬˫Ŀ˸ֱӳеĲпΡ
ͣһ
߬Ž첲ȴסˣ·˰һ㣬ҪӽȴӲҲǶסˣ˵Ѩһ㣬ҪܣȴûֻҪһ䴩ȥ
ţ˺ȻһӴӿ޷赲Ӷʱ˳ȥ»ߣܹ⡣
һɻȵ壬ʱ˹ǽ⿪Ѩһ㣬æӶסһ⡣
Ľʱһ֣û뵽ⰵǿֲ֮²С
Զһ߰һһ˦֣ʱ⡣
ΪսСһ¾ܽǶ߶µӣûзֻܰװ˳·ˡ
û뵽ǾȻܹˣȻڶֱסˣȤȥ
ʦСģ󣡡æе
ƽͷӳһĻҲŻӽ˵ĽĻһγһƬĻסԼ
һ죬˳ͬʱаȴɵ
Ļһɢͬʱһ˫۴ŲԶߣ¾죬Ǻô
ߣСӣǷЦһ
ƽܣΪ࣬߾һ𣬴ѷѽ⣬һʹ࣬Ҳ

֮£ֻٴλӽĻղʦܾǣ
ţƽͷҧӽ¾ñŤ
û뵽ԼãΪԼεĳأҵĳңܳʲô£ʦڵԼѾˣ
뵽ߣ޲ǰˣйְһԼһȥű˿յ˵ᱻ˳룬ֻס
УǰĹĻٴɢȥĻէȥ˷Ӧ
ֱУҪӽѾֲֻܻȭӭȥʹ˰Ҳܱܿ
Ȼһɫƥɹײ⣬·ӵǶһ°
˷ӦȴһǰɵѾ䴩˽
˾һ亹ұ䴩ˣԼѪ֮³֪֪ĽԮ֡
ֻñ쳣ֻȴְֻܱһ£ûкúõ
һָİҲᱻһĴ򣬶ܻˡ
ͳöɵҪ˦ǡڴʱһڹٿ䵽ؿڣӦֱӷ˳ȥһȻѾˡ
³ƽȾ־òĽ˸ַһڹ⣬ⳡнǵΣ
ΣԳ֣ڹܽȥΣ򣬽ŵ侪գ᧿ΣȴƫƫһûУ˹Ҳʵĵ٣ȥܲҡ
ĽҲʹ죬ô˵ǣƣԼԾʩչˣˣټ̫Ƶϣศ˵ˣ˿ɷ˿ɵС
һɱʮˣеľŤת

̫һڵȻһڹԲߴȣ羪һ˶߻졣
ƽֻһǰ󷢺ڣҪ赹ȥ˵ΪڳǳЩܲס
ǡڴʱȵϢעڣ˾ʱһ˹ǡһ仰ҩ
֪Ľ֪ض˵Ťͷȥ뿴ߵҪʲô
̫һڵĵǷ׷óһŵӵʹ˳ûˣҲȻˣҪҩ
Ľһ£üų̫һӣǾȻ飬Ľò
ЩҩôȴףԼǴ̼Ǳİա
ĽƲ⣬ͬˣȵŵʩչɱУǣ
ǣţǷ׷׺ȵ
ʱⱩǣսӿɱжʹ˳İΣҪ֡
ҽ˷еǽŵӣе̫һڸ֣ǸܲζҪɱ˶Է
ĽüͷҪȣĳ̫ңȴֻܾɱЩ̫һڵӡ
룬ȻһߣţȰ˵
š࿴һۣûгǿߵ书ǾԼ٣ԼҲֻǿ֧š
޼ǰɣԲ߳
ĽɨһۣǺˣ
ϷɣԲ߶ϺȣЦôĵӣ̫һԣ޺³
ĽЦɣôĵӣҽԣ޺³
úãϷҪʲô˲𣡡Ц

Ľüͷһ£ðҲҪ̫һڵľѧ
˵ŻȻһڹ˽벻ףڹ죬˲䵽˳ǰ
Ȼһܹڹ⣬Ҫ˵͵ķ˳ȥǱľһ㡣
Ľһ֣һڹ׷ߴȻ顱һƺߣء
֮߼Ȼ̫һӶʱһҡ
û뵽ĽΪǵ죬̫һڵľ֣ȻһҲû㱻Ľɱˡ
Ľȵ̫һڵˣ߻Ǽ̣ȥڤ粻飬ɱ³
ͭӴ˶߻صͷԶʱһ壬ڵѪһ
Ľ󳪵Ĺ򣬺֮󿴵ɣæеôˣ빥ҽţˣ̽·ʯӣǵԻȥˣαƴƴģ
һ˵ǵ˼Щ˶ǻòãżģʱԸ߳ꡣ
ǿʼʱΪ߳ƴڼɰĽһУǵʿʱһйǮû
Ľ°Ƿµҩ϶ܴ̼ǱٴǵòʧʹɱǣҲɱһǧ˰٣˵̫һڵļơ
һҪ˵ʱһڹһ̫ƣ߻ɱȵٷ³ȥǾǲţ
һ£ͷ˵ٻ뿪Ǿ׷ɱ
ŵһ˵̫һڵ˱ˣתߣеı˵ͬ飬еıͬʬס
ת۹򣬲ҵĳʧмּȣŨŨѪ˱ǣǰæƴɱ˵ãӦʱ˶׵
ɽӣɱҵĳĺ٣ܲӦ
ƽˣڵϼѿ൨³ˡ

Ľ뼸ϣûʲôţǵÿߣǷڡ
ţ߰ɣͷ֪Ƿµҩ⣬Ǵ̼ǱĻãҲʧúɱ
һ̼ǱҩãøĺöɱʲôҲ£޲ðͱ
ڰ֣ﳷɣ˵Ĵߣ
ɨһۣĽͷ޼ɣοˣ
ĽҡҡͷŲؿҸģ
Ľ߰æҪвٵĸϲвٵˣȴû
һһߣһߵۣ˷ܾͷڣѪУղŵľշõ̸ʣǼΪԺ
Ľһ𣬿ļļͷһһҲǴ·磬Ľ֧ԮҲ֮Σ
ĽЦʦҪɣ
ҡͷû뵽εĹͷôӲôѿУ̫һڹȻ̫һڣ̾񣡡
ĽЦЦһģҲģ˵᲻ỹһ
ҡͷ˰ɣⴿΪβЩˣԾֱ֮ѹ
ĽЦ뷨Ź֣һ˻²
οǴչбһۡ
ĽͷЦҲûӣ޲ðԼʹ
˴󹦣Ųʹ͵ġЦ
ʱƽ΢ЦĽȭʦܣлˣ
Ľڰ֣λʦֿɲؿ
ƽҡͷ̾Ϣڲ֪ԼԶţ֮Ҿɽˣ
ͷҸʦһҲɽһֱɽϲɣݵǰݣһ˴£ûô
ĽЦλʦ־ɱŻɽˡ
ģƽĽļ
ĽûĵЩͱ˵

˵˵ЦЦУɽߣĽһȥһɱǹɲɣ
ͷȥɣĪɱˣ
ĽǱȥǽɱˣ˵̫һڵĸԽԽãɱЩûж־ģʵ͡
ĽڰЦʦ뵽ȥȥҲ
ҡͷЦƽǲͷһμɱ˲ȥ˸ϡﻩʱɱˣˣ
ƽҡͷղԼıһֱΪܣԼƲ𣬾Լ̫ųӺɷ
ˣղŵĳ棬ʱΣһ´øоԼԭ˵ĵСܡ
˵ǼĴҪ֤ԼɽԼøǿͷԽԽǿҡ
Ǹûȥߵģ˼΢Ц̫࣬ٴ򼸴Ӧ˾ͺã
˵ͷҪתߣȻһԱֱͷ˼ࡣ
˴һæȵţ
̧ͷѾ˸ǰҪ䵽̫Ѩϡ
ࣣһ죬رѿ
һΣǰһܿƮķĩ
ţ˳嵽ǰ򱱱֣ٳһ֧⡣
顭һд֦Ķ󰲾ĽƮȻ
ǰ´ۣţҪɣ
ڰ֣Ҫˣ
ĽҡͷЦһǴˣĹҲǾ


755 ʮһ
áͷ΢ЦΪˣ
ĽЦſʲô
ҡҡͷǻǲһЩ򣬶̫һڵչƲ㣬û뵽һУ
һҪСģһҪ콨Ľæ
ͷðɣҼˡ
һɱ̫֮һڵĴɱҲģԼһ˵ľޣղһ¾֮գԼڳҲǷˣΪûʲôˣĽ֣ԼǱܲġ
ĽһתͷȥǱ߿
ȥɡͷллǣ
ĽͷƮ˺֮УǰƮƮӯӫϢвʳ˼̻֮
Ľǰ΢Цν㣬û˰ɣ
΢Цôϳˣ
ĽЦνζʶأʹҲϵóΪζѽ
ñ˿ȥķ
ĽЦЦǵҲǣʦǸŮƵģʵ̲סҪ࿴ۡ
Ц𣡡
Ľﶼû˰ɣ
ҡͷЦû¶õǬת󣬽֮УǱ뷭ʲô
ĽЦͺãһʦʲôˣҿඣ
СʦõķҲԼôЦգգ
ĽЩ˼ͷûء
ǰ϶ˣҪȻҲǲǣҡͷЦȢСʦãǸǳѽ
ĽЦŵͷǵҲǣǰΪβԸ¶棬ʦǻ֪ǰɣ
ͷʦ治˵ġ
Ľһۻɣûй˼ǲԼҲûչȥʲôҪģܷԸǣؿġ
ȻǲͷЦŴѶ˵ߵ£Ͻȥ
Ľͷõģһᾡȥģ

Ľ˵˻תҪȥȻɫ䣬Сģ
ұߵֺȻĸߣĸתȻһƣ
һʧԭأǰǡü˫΢˫ǰһϣȻһ֣͵ǰһơ
飡һ촫ֻһ·޴ʯͷһ㣬¸Ż˻Ρ
Хɳ۾
۾һƣֻĽĸսһţĸתγһɫԲĽԲУͬǧһ㣬Ӱ
ҪҲɣǵٶ̫죬ΧǷ׷ÿĽչƷǶоεԼˣںһ㡣
Ľȵʲôˣ
һЦһȴ˵Ƽӽ˵ӰĽסˣӼһ㡣
Ľ磬һƿһƣ̫һڵˣǱ֮Ĵ򲻹Ȼɱ
֪Ƹ̾΢Ц
翴ˣʦ֣ôˣ
֪Ƹ̾ϢʦܣǼһͽ֮ܰѽ
ôʡ
֪ѹ޼ϵ𣿡
ϵðɣҡҡͷ
֪ƺǺЦһҡҡͷʦܣʦĿɲͽܴ
æʦͱ
ҲչͷǾǣ˵
֪ƿǱһۣ԰ѹͣϲĸ˱ǰĻ
ԶԣǣȻæͷҸղźǺʲôƵģ޼ǰ˵
ֵô˵޼ϵǵģ
֪ͷȻϵã
Ӻϵѽɻͷ

֪ҡҡͷ̾ѽ޼Զඣ
ʦܣϽ˵æ۾һɡ
֪΢Ц޼ϵãΪô˵Ȼװϵˣ
ΪҪװϵãɻ
֪Ƶϵã֪Ǵɱ֣ҿ磬Ҳ̫һڵģ޻ˣʵʵʵʵ飬Ȼ
ʦܣ㲻Ū˰ɣ޼ôҡͷš
֪ƺǺһЦҡͷ޼СѽŴç嶯СһҲϲ
ϹɵİɣЦ
ĽҲǸˣҲԼ³ȴϻ۹ˣֻǶ౻Ĵ³ƭˣΪǸˣҲ룬ܰ书ô
֪Ƹװڰ֣ٸ˵ˣ˵˼˵ҲûãҲ
˵ĹĽѾһٶˣѷѽ⣬Ľû취ǣҲκβĽذɳɾ
еţҿһ
ͷţ
Ǻãˣһǰ
Σĸ֪²Ϊһߡ
е˶ʱתӿ죬մ·һ㣬ƾˡ
Ľ˰ΧУ˿ûб֮񣬷һ˼ƽ֮ȴһ߻Ӷƣмĵζ
ĸһ٣λΪУĽƯڿУĿʧķ
Ʈǰ޼ɣ
Ľӳ˼ʦ
ʲôأô񣿡
ĽҡҡͷǵƵô¡
ˣæʡ
Ľҡͷûͷպ˵գ

ѩ壬Уˮڴڵ̫ʦУžվڵĽ
ĽװһϮţָֻտȻװ磬һٶΪԻ硣
̫һһΪʲôһȺŮӸ֡
ˣˮһϮһȾĿĽ̫һû£
Ľҡͷ΢Ц̫һںͣˣһΰסˣʱ
ˮ̵ҵõϢˣҪԴң㻹湻ݵء
ĽЦϧһ
ˮ̵ҵƲ⣬ưոݣ̫һһսģҹԼ֮ʶɱϽţ
Ľüͷһðٺò
ˮ̵̫һڵĵ֮ġ
ĽЦЦǳ
ˮ̵ΰŲ᲻Ͼŵӣ
ĽЦʣΣŻң
ɣҪСġˮףǲİԵһ˾Ͳˣɱᣬ
Ľͷô˵ҪˣǲҪף
ˮ̿΢΢һЦȻ׼ȥǵĻ¶ˣȶ顣
Ľͷǰɣȥˣ
ȥȥɡˮ̰ڰ֡
Ľ뿪Ʈѩķ嶥⻬羵ıϣŲӯӶžӨ͸ĳ絸ޱȡ
ĽվһԹۿһսʣǰ¿ӽ˼ۣףˡ
ĽЦ£һĹн
ţҵıֽһ㡣ͷ
Ľüͷһǿϲɺأ
ʦ˵Ҫ顣µ
ĽЦ֪ˣͶɣд輸У
ҪСˣ¶һĨЦ⣬Ө͸ĳ̹ɭɭʱϯ
Ľһģʱ𿪳˽һţ˵Ӱӳڱϣһš

һº峿ʱ֣ġ
һХѩ嶥Хף쳹ɽҲ
ˮ䳡ϿŮХת̧ͷȥСִüǰϱ߿˿ҡҡͷ
һƮߣ΢Ц̣ѡСһȻֱ׷ҵΪˣ
ˮ̳һ¶΢Цʦ壬ܻˣ
ѽҲܰˣʦ΢Ц
ˮ̵ʦ壬Ϊͻˣ
ʦҡҡͷǲˣô꣬Ҳ֪ˣûҪٰ׷Ļ
ϧʦ㲻龭ˮü
ʦףţ˰ɣͿµˡ
ѽˮҡͷ̾ϢҿǺǸġ
δز飬Եˣǿ󲻵õġʦ΢Ц̾˿ҿСǸģĽջ羭Ժ绯ȥҲ֪١


756 ޼
ҿǴ˵ˣ֪ûɹˮҡͷ
ʦ˵иɹǲܵ˰˭Ҳ֪Ҳе
ˮҡͷʦúĪҪķ񡣡
ţҲˣʲôҲˡʦͷ
˵䣬һХХȸղŵĸ֣紺װ쳹֮䡣
֮ƣʦ̾
ˮ΢ЦĽջ羭˵ʮһ㣬һʹԲˣΪνˡ
Ժˣʦף΢ЦֲǸݵģпûаඡ
ֵʲô̶ȣˮ̵΢Ц
ʦʹŵӳҲһƴ֮Ҳüһˣ
ҲҪˡˮһ
ʦ΢Цҡͷ̣Ҳ÷ſĳȥȥɣԹſ˰ɣһֱţ
ǣʦ塣ˮε̾Ϣ
ʦȻѾ˻飬Ǿװɣҹҡ
ţ׼¸ǳסˮ̵ͷ
ʦͷԽԽãСһҲרģָжŮأ
ңˮߣµ
ʦҡͷִ̣̫̾ˣ㵲ģֻҪ²ԣ⣬ʦľͲҪˡ
ˮҡͷʦ壬µӵֲŮ˵ǳС˱Ůˣһ䵭¡
ʦЦЦж︣ĪҪ̫ܵ࣬ǲڣһɣ
ˮ̳һ£ҡҡͷʦ壬Ҷģ²ɣҾȢŮˣ
ʦ岻ΪȻ̾ܵһʱܹܵһһϣ÷־ͷ֣Ѷϼ°
ˮĬȻüȴ

ѩ嶥
ĽһЦȻƽƽһƣһֻ޽ԱƳĽǰȴ顱һ죬ը˷ĩ
мƮɣʵʣͬʱһƮվڴ
Ƭ̺Ǿֹ£Ľ΢ЦϲϲıҲˣ
΢Цš
ĽЦɴɣһֱеưɣ
һңɴ£¶һϲ޶֮ӣĿˮƴ
Ľ˴¶һĨߺ죬æŤͷȥĽЦɫ㲻ˣ龭˵Ĳ㣬ˣ׼ɽȥ
ؽɽüʡ
ĽͷһеģһЩָˣ˵ǰɽ
һɡµ
Ľæ֣زأ
üĽЩεЦЦһӣ˵ˣûɱóȻȥҲס
ʵ飬ѩ棬һ棬˵Ҫ췭ùĻԼ
õķӾ˲棬Զ档
ü˿һѩ֪ܲĽ˼ڶŮ˽أںĽ书
˵ںĽģʹ졣
Ľ̾ϢһЦúգʲô¾ʹѶȥҹһ׼ȥ̫һڿ
µСĵ̫һھ˵вٵĸ֣һƷϵģܴùһȴסΧ
Ľͷ򲻹ܣûʲô˵ģ
ţ߰ɡµͷתߣʯҡ
Ľ񻱳ӰҡͷЦ֪ˣû취ʹŮҲܼ棬Ҫµġ

ĽĻؽɽûʩչṦϢճУһͨ˵
Ƶߣһƣʲô·̫һǱߣҲõһӦܹԤףӿ·ٶȡ
һʱ֣һջͶޣȻ󵽳һҾ¥£˼С̳ƣڴϣΧǵۡ
˵˰ɣ
һꡰ顱һӣߵĵˣɥôͳףҲ֪ôģǱף
Ǿǣ̫ίˣ˸͡
Ľҡͷ΢Цмֵ⣬ȷʵһŮ鰮Щмģ书
ĽȤ˲мŮ鰮ģ׺Ϊˮˣƫƫûоµġ
㣬Ľ뵽ǺС˪мƣֲͬ
˪ճģŮһ㸩ԲмŮ֮鰮ר׷
ȴֲͬʲôֻרע书Ҳе£ֻԼ
Ů˶ǲմȾȴʶˣŮһ㣬Ľϲֻ˪һңԶҪڵ죬ȴѾץϣȻ֡
ѩһʻˣۣȻҲſ޲öץ
֪Լ̫̰ģʱˣֻҪǿ󣬾Ȩô̰ģʵ롣
տȻηʥʯͷģд
˵տȻɵĵӶǶ֣
ˣ˵˰ɣ̫һһȺȥţŸʰˣȫû
٣Ϣϻˣ֪ҡͷмΪԣϢ֪𣿡
ʲôϢʣЦҵ֪һΪʲôأ
Ϊʲôͬʱʡ
Ϊ̫һڵİű˴ɱˣǾ˽ϣ
еǹģɱһ׵ģ
ţǲмôģš

Ľüͷһ£û뵽ǾȻôŽ޹ѵŵȻôã
ҿҲȻϽǰ޼ɴˣˣ԰·ϲű˴ɱ֣Ҫˣ
ԭԾͷˣ
޼ɹȻߣҲܴˣҡͷ̾Цȣǿɶһͻڹˣ
ȥȣҲڣǿ֪޼ţ꣡
žǹǲܱȵģ
ǿ֪ŵùˣ
šǶʱȻʵʲôùѵ̫һڴȥˣ
ɣ˹Ļش
Ľüͷһ壬վѵ̫һٴι򣿲ڰɣҪƣս
ʲôв࣬ǾǣǾͲǣ˵ඣ˲ĺߵ
˹ĵһ̫һڵĵӣ˽ţ˵Ҫս޼ɣ޼ɲڣսнŵӡ
ôĵӣǷ׷ҡͷ
˹ĵ̫һڵŵأչ飬й޼ƣѽеӶˣ
ǳԾˣ
ʮϣ࣡ش
Ľüͷ˵
ϢһȺˣˣʱĽĶϺȣ׷תͷ
ĽӭǵĿ⣬˵е˶һϣ
һĵͷƵĵ
Ľü˫䣬ɫ΢䣬üͷһҲǽŵӰɣ
Ľͷǽ£
ʧʧϢӦò٣ڶˡ

Ľ޼ƣ
ǣ˵̫һŵӣ˵Ҫսɵ޼ɣϧ޼ɲڣ˳սˡ
Ľһʲôʱ¶
Լ˰ɡ
ĽȻ˿µ֪
΢΢һЦûİãϲһЩ¶ϢӦò١
ĽüҲˣ
̾Ϣһǣһ֣Ҳѹ֣̫һڵŵ֮ǿ˭˲֪
Ľ֪δ޼ưɣ
Ҫҹ޼Ʊԣʡ
Ľͷ뿴书
ҡҡͷ̾Ϣ¿ǲذ׷ˣŶˣ޼ɣס
Ȼɴ۾ֱĽѵѵ޼
Ľͷ޼ɣ
Ӵʧʧڵվֱˣæȭû뵽ǰ۲ʶˣ
Ľȭ֪֪޼ƺڣ
æҸһ飬ԺƬΣ
Ľͷ͡
ҾϢͨһЩûĳæҡͷת¥תʧˡ
ȻĽЩн
Ľ⣬ν죬һֱңɼû뵽ˣʵڷ˼


757 ɽ
Ľ΢΢ףȻһɫ˺죬ûƳ⣬鲻ãһȥ֮С
ؿŭӿ޼ƾȻһ˶ţɨŵ棬۽ŵϡ
һмΪŸոǵƱһնϡ
˿ɫƣҴţ׷׵ͷԷʱ͵ƳһۣʵںЩʲô
Ľһƣ˴ҴҶĽǰһȭõˣ
Ľ룬Ȼʣںδ
˵ټأǲ֪ȷ٣¹ƣҪȥɡ
ɡĽͷ
ŽˣҶŮţҪŽѵһ³ɣóҲһ̫һڵϡ
ã֪ˣˣĻ̌ͷ˱ȭ¶Цݡ
æȭ񣺡ǶԽҲúܣԸЧȮ֮ͣ
Ľ΢Цų̂մ
磡Ц
ԭ֡Ľ΢Ц´پ߶һ
֮ãæɨԴݹ٣
ĽҪ£ܶൢ飬ʱͨҵɣ
˵ȭЦһ£ת뿪
һ뿪˶ʱһ𣬼ɴۡ
Сѽܴסʸ֦̾ЩĽʵҡͷ
ǺһЦԺ
û뵽λ޼ƽ׽أΪ߰òˣĿһУأ
ǾǣȻŴɵĵӣȲ
΢ЦﲻҪ˵
˵᲻ȥҹ޼ƴһһӣνŵӱòأʵ
ͷһŹ޼Ƶģ
οˣ֪һ
Ȼ޼ˣ
ҿã޼ƿ̫һŵģ£̫ܳһŵӣ޼ȻϾ书С
ţҲôģ޼ιǺ

̫һɽλڶˣӶ಻ɽ·һ޾Ⱥɽ
̫һɽ޾ɽ壬ûоͷܶŪ嵽ɽжԶһȥȴѶûл
ֱʮǰһ˻ŻȴǻŧĿȫǣ
ֻʣһǰ˵˼仰⿪ţԭʱΧεĶĶܻڣΪһٶ壬ٶٰܱٶȴ޷ȫԼ
ֻʮңܲסˣԽԽǿܹȥ
Ӵ֮ҲϢ̽˼̫һռһɽ壬Ϊ̫ͷ壬Ϊ̫һڵɽš
˵̫һڵűλ̫һɽ֪ȷеַ̫һڵÿһεӣֻʮÿֻһܹ֮ɽޣӴ˲¡
̫һܹ֮ףΪЩ̫һŵ֮ǿƣ̫һڳ
ʱ֣Ľվ̫ͷ£ͷ˷壬һֱֱգס˷嶥
ĽˣĿ⴩͸ƣķ嶥ӥչᣬʱ˵ɷǷ
Ľ´һۣ˷İɣȣһҪȥ治ס
ʹָʵǴ˷壬ҲҪһ
վڴ˷֮ϣ֮䣬Ǻ޾ֲ̫һڵĵǸأԭΪ¡
Ľһߴһ˼⣬ҡͷЦΰȵ̫ͷȣɽСˣֱֵһᣡ
վɽ¿һҪǰȻӰԱĽ
Ǻˣɽݵ걧ȭһնյװĶĽ

Ľȭ½޼ɣ
޼ɣһɫ΢䣺ŵ޼ɣ
Ľͷ£
㡭
ѾϽһ䱸ƴͻһ㣬ʮ㡣
ĽЦݻһ°ţ
ڱչأһŲͣ
ĽЦҡͷ˵λ̨̫һڵĴ֮ɽȴüԣҪⲻɣ
ǲӭ㣡
Ľüͷһµţ̫һΪ֮ӦСȤѲ̫һڶҲɣ
ƨ˭ˣ󰫶ȵ
ĽüңΪβɽҿһˣѲɻв̫һڣ
ߣ㣬ͷν۲Ϊ㻹ǶԶԶİɣƲƲ졣
޼ɣʦּǵƢɲãһȥˣǻǣҪȫ˿ɲףˣǵסҲһƬģ
Ľڰ֣лһƬ⣬Ҫȥģͨһɣ
ҡͷͨˣ̫һڵĵˣԾ뿪ɣǲûʰȹˣ
ĽüѲҪӲ
ЦԺǾƲԳԷƣðеӾӲԣ̫һڳû˸Ӳ̫ͷ壡
Ľһٿĳ˰νʱǰѾûĽӰӡ
æתĽϣ̤ͨɽϵʯס

һХĽŤͷһۣȴ쳤ХֽǰƷĽͻϮĽХ
ĽһЦҵҪ̫ͷǲ̶Ѩܴܲȥǵǰҵæ
ģ㵨ӲСҪȥãһ𣬳ֱĽ糤ա
ĽһǰһС
ⱻʳָָסƴ󳶣罽Ľһ㣬һ
ɫǺ죬˫ۺݺݵĽַſΪȭͷĽؿڡ
Ľָһȭ⡣
ҽŷɳ⡣
Ҫӹͬҽҹֻܲս۽סͬ顣
ŲҽһһѪһɳȥײһԶһ
ĽҡͷЦЦתӯĲɽûʩչṦһһ̤ʯϣص˲׺ɽ
׺ɽʯײ׼Ṧֻʵʵߣγϰߣɽʱʯ׵Ļͻ߹ȥṦ
Լʮʯףǰˣ׳װֳֳͻɽ
ĸһĽʱʩչṦ˹ת۳嵽ĽǰͣסýָȵʲôˣΪδɽ
Ľ޼ɣ
޼ɣСӣôĵӣ̫ͷ壬ǽţŵĿȵ
ο׳ʵһ㴣Ľǰһ˱㵲ס˰ߵ̨ףִţؽڴִǼ׳ʵƺҪ˰׳װˡ
Ũüۣòһ˫۾䣬ʵмֱǣһ㵨СĲĿԡ
ĽٲϲͣЪתߵ˿ǰһã
һ佣ĽǰѨһߴĽһߺȵǽţ
ؽţͬȵͬʱ̳佣ĽĸλƵĽȫ֮ء

ĽһЦỮ˸Բıͬʱ˳ȥ䵽ԱߵӰ
˴ٿԼտյ֣ɫ䡣
Ľ²ûͣһһߣߵ˿ǰڰֵ鷳һã
ø޼ɣһȭһײȭͷĽҹ
ĽָһֽһɳȥǱ޴ľͷһɣײˡ
˻Ϊغ«¹Ľһż⿰ӹˣ¹ȥҡͷЦЦתߡ
ʮףһ˳һĸˣɫװڵĳȵʲô˵Ӳ̫ͷ壬£
ĽЦЦһһ³˻Ϊغ«๾¹
ӿ첽Щ书һĵǽ֣߳ʮ̨һ˳˹
ĽһԲһ˰м䣬һʱ˸ܱ俪ȥ绨š
ӿ첽ʮ̨֮һȺ˳Լжʮ书ǿһЩƸ㡣
ĽҲ˵ųĽһһģĸ˶ʱ˳ȥѹһƬˣΪغ«¹ȥ
书ǿԶʤһˣɳΪˣĽķˣھ̲ڣ·С
ǰǵģھʱйȥֱӰײɣǵģͬ³
Ľ֮ĵƾ˶ʮˣŰʹʧȥжֱʯͷһ㣬Թ¹
Ľ˼֮һȺ˳һΪ֣Ʒ֡
ĽʩΪʩչṦһ³ߣǷӦѾǻɣΪغ«ȥ

²ͣʱʩչһṦһգ۵ĹѾ̨ףȻһȺٴγ˳
Ľҡͷ̫ûð̫һˣЩӺ·ֻ֪һԵ³壬֪ʵϻ֮
ڽɽŵĵӾðʧӭ֯ģвΣ·һĹֱ֮к
̫һ̫ˣûӲ̫ͷ壬벻ӲЩ书һĵӣܲ׼ֻ֣֪Լ̫һڵ磬Щ֪ߵغˡ
ĽЩҡͷѣǻڰ֣֪̫һϳڣֱӹĶŹ̫һھˣ鷳
һһ߶֣ת۹˱ȥˣûɱˣֻǰЩ˷ʯͷһȥʡð¡
ЩҪָжףĽҪȥЩָܻжһʱġ
Ľߵɽʱǰ̫һڵӲмģﵽ˶Ʒֵĳ̶ȣĽ˵ʵڲԶ
Ѿﵽջ羭ʮһ㣬Ϊǣ屶ѾԽһƷ֮
ջ羭˺ÿһ㣬췭ظı仯Ϊ֮ҲԶǶ֣ʮʱʩչࡣ
̫һӲöһϵ·һӹ̫ͷ壬ڶ
Ľüͷһ£΢΢һЦߵΪҲףСء
ŲȻ󽥽ԶȥǰһֱתߣĽӶ
ĽЦЦϣһ·˳û谭һֱ˷嶥мԲС
Բ˾վţɱ


758 
˵ŭĿУĽЦЦƮƮ˽ǰ˱ȭ޼ݻţ
γһԲΣվʮߣһϮɫľۣ֮ĿƽʹݵĿĽ
ĽɨһۣʮˣΪ񣬲ѷ࣬ǶһƷֲ֣ǵô㡣
˸֣ʹҲˣ̫һȴһʮˣĴУŰ
һƷֽʮˣټϰܻһЩزģʵɼҲ硣
֮۸ѰҰλãȴû̫ͷϣȴоһӴ
üߵĴУһֻͻʱ˳
书ԶʤǰʮߣѷԼһŵ֮УǺ϶֣ʹҲԶǶ֡
Ľҡҡͷû뵽̫һڵ֮Щƽ£̫һ󣬶ΪԵʡ
ԼС̫һڣǵʵ֮ǿԶõгư֮⣬¡
վ΢Ц˼һǣƮƮ֮
̫һˣӸ߷߲ƽ޲óȥĽڵأúõһܽڶ
һЩüĽأΪܸоĽ֮ǿѷʮϡ
Ԩ纣ɲ⣬ױʮǿҲо޼Ϊ֮ȷʵˣС
ʮϵĽĿƽͣϲŭȴò˵һ仰ֻǵ
ĽҲ˵΢Цվ˸ǰ֮۴򿪣̫ͷ壬һ̫ͷʵ
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߻˵书·ֻҪˣȻˮˮܿ˻𣬻ҲܿˮǿԵΪѧĸ²Ҫ
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һˣҳӵأΪǱʡ
Ľǰãһ޼ƣǰսҲڣʵһ¡
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һĽȻ̫һЩϣίʵš

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ӺͿһΧˣһ£̤ǰһϷգ
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롪Ӻͳ佣һѾĽǰٶ֮һ㡣
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Ӻ;쵽ϵ棬֪Ӳƴ磬Ľߣƹ⣬ʤ
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һָƮƮģɣȴǿޱȵ֮ӿھ˼Ϊͷۡ

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㣬˶ЩĽƺûʹȫվÿָɣһ㣬Ӻȴף߶ȫ
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Ӻһ£֮˶١
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Ӻһ̣һ£ٴεĽǰüġ
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ƷϮĽתӭϣƷֱӭϣ飡飡죬ԲͬʱһĽȴվţƮ˿Щ
ͬʱ־Ȼûռʲôˣ书жߣ
ĽǺһЦҪһϰգ
ӺɫǺ죬һôˣĸգ
ŤͷǬ󣡡
ӺͣƣղŵԲߣֳһµߣ˰ĽΧڵС


759 
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Ӻ΢ЦǬпɣ˴Ǳ㹰䣬ټӾ
ĽЦãһǬ󣡡
󣡡Ӻͺȵ
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ĽǼʽƣɵ˫ǰһ࣬˲γһԲһԲǴ󣬳ſγһƬǽΧס
˵ӿ࣡һ죬ĽǰǽѣȴȻȭһƣȭ
飡һ죬ֱֱɳȥ䵽֮ȺУһƮסˡ
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ĽһȵԲ߸ǰ㵣Ӧʱһȭȥȭͷѳɳͭɫͭɳȥ
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޼ɣôĵӣһ߳

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·㲻ߣƫĪ飬ֻԹѰ·
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Ľһȭˣڹ⣬˲磬˷Ӧ죬æս衣
飡ͬʱһ
У˽ʱɢңʧǿЩܲסֱ飬ûѾѵá
Ľһ˦֣ڹٴͬʱһưߣȻȴûס³ףѩ˪
һƽƽһƣŭ𣬾İһȻӿײĽ
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æӽڹ⣬ʱַ˳ȥ
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ĽһߣȻڹ˳ȥһˣֱӴ͸壬һѪ

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Ľһ᷿СԺ󣬵ȸСȫ᷿
ߣЦ˽ȥﴫ顭һƬ޾
飡һУ᷿ȻըΪƬķѵı俪ȥ߷˳
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æӭȥѺ߽ס˼
һƿˣתͷ˿ҡͷģСӣˣ
˵ŻͳһںڵմѪ¹͵Ĺ󣬿ΪŹ֡
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˵һʧ٣ȥͬ飬ü͸ųء


760 ɽ
Ľϴţһݣˮ洫ǹԼ档
ߵһսҲˣ˻ˣ˸һƣ߰һ˭Ҳ˵ĸ˵øء
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ʲôԭ򣿡ʡ
ĽҾԵʣ̫סǵΨˡ
ว׳
֪Ƹųף˵Ӧð˾Ųʮˣƾķͷˣ޼̫һڣ˵仯
ǰ˵߳ŭˡĽͷ

˵Ż洫Ų漴һ˵ʦ㣬ܽȥġ
С䣬㵨ңһ֪ѩ
ѹκ˶ܿġ
ʦܻ𣿡ѩʡ
ǡӻش
ѩߵðɣҲȥˣ
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޼ɣԹѾףϢѾ˳ȥ
Ľͷ֪ˮһᴫȥġ
Цеĵѩ֪ˣûٷƢҪСˣ
Ƕһֻ飬ĽεͷȭҪǣȴס


761 ս
Ľתͷȥ޼ɣߣŮ鳤ʲôôӦ̫һڵŰɣ
ĽЦˮڣʲôģ
ȹǹУ뿪̫ʦΡ
ĽȻ޼ƽ֣书ߣ̫һŵӾС
ĽЦҴ򲻹޼ưɣ
ţɡͷ
Ľ˵һȭĽؿڣƲִ٣ȴǾ㣬ˡ
Ľַһӭȭͷ
飡ĽȲȴ˺һ
վ󣬺һҡҡͷСӣ
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ºųһһ֣ΪһŮܱƳ磬ǽңû¶ĿǲΪò̧ߡ
ǺЦֻҡͷСпͷඣѩĵ
˶Цǰһѹֵһɢ

ĽǻԼСԺƿŽȥӭŭĿӵ
һϮζ綯ˣһֲߺߵĵһ㻹˼
Ļ̌ͷСͤѩһϮʯǰһıӰ
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ߵðɣһȥһˣ


767 
ĽϲȭЦлǰ
лң߰ڰ֣ߵʣҪŵģȻȥ˵һգóǵģ
šĽһ
ߵʾ꣬ţǹأ
Ľüǰ˼˵ҲҪǿţ
ߵͷʾҲҪŵģ
ĽЦҡͷŻǰԵʺõģҪţɣ
ߵһۣݽžţ˭᲻Ը
ĽҲţҲ룡
ҡҡͷɵСӣûףԼԸʦҲԸΪǣҲɲǿܣ
Ľü̫Ե𣿡
ҡͷЦЦɵСӣڲԸ⣬һţǸҲ
Ľк˵ĵط
ڸ˵Ҳ޷ҪΪŵӵġЦЦŵ书Զʤָ֣Ĳ书޳ɣ룡
ĽЦЦ޳ɵ𣿡
ȻŵĴʦǳɵ֮ˣش٣ʦ䡣
Ľأ
߰Ȼžλٶ꣬δɵȴҲСɣԪ
ĽüͷһǶٶˣ
ߵͷ书һָ㣬ûţҪԼǧѣǽնȶ򾭣
Ľҡҡͷջ羭
٣ջ羭ǽźþûˣҡͷ
Ľʮһ㣬һʮ㣬Ȼ̤кѣ
ʮһˣѹ˾ҲˣҲ㶥ģߵͷ漴ҡͷΪʮôףߣûʮ깦򣬸粻һ񣬲ǺбİĹҲǵͷˣûָ㣬Ͱʱ俿ɣ

Ľ˵ͷһҲãҪɵʮһ㲻ѣĽҲͦ죬ʮ㣬ס
ңͷô֪նȶ򾭵ģ
ƺʣǲǾ֣ô֪նȶ򾭣
ĽͷǱɲ֮أ
ʲôֵģҡͷһЦǴʦǵŵӣ
šĽȻȥ
ߵǽţɵĴʦŵӣʦĵһӣһ˶ѣ
Ľü뿴͸ʵ
ߵ⻰Ǽ٣ž֪ˣһĵӲףǻ֪ģ
ĽȻ΢Цˣ
ϢĽǾȣʵû뵽ģ˵һɵ£
νɣʵҲŵŰˡ
߻ɵľӢӣţⲢǰԵǸɵŹ棡
ĽüûԼ˵Щ
ߺһмɹĶǣЩĶúȴЩаԸʶ䣡ʱΪһ˽ģþӢӽţõǰ̣ˣһԳ棬ȴΥǸɴʦµĹأΥ
Ľһü˵ҲҪΪŵӣûΥĿˣ
߳һŵֻˣһ£һ㣬˽ԲǷۣ
ĽЦһ£ҡͷǾ˵ˣǲǣ
뷽߶һۣǺЦͷǣʡ˷ѹȥѰˣ
΢Цʦܣϲˣ
ĽҡҡͷֲһֱЦеģŭɱԭǸ֪࣡

Ľ룬ǰһһ²
˵޷߻ٴλָ̬ӣģ
Ľôŵӣٿǳȥˣһֱаɣ
߿¶һ˿΢Цǲţȥ˱𴦡
δĽʡ
ߵ֪ʮɽ̣
ĽҡҡͷӦаɣֻ·;վ̽ðˡ
ߵͷ̾ϢһʮɽȷʵˣЩа湦书ǿױ̣Ұ졣
ĽԺ˼άתһܣüǴǶ
ȷʵߵͷ
Ľ룺ŵӵֹǳʮɽ
ǡߵͷ̾Ϣǵ𣬡һǲξֹ󺹹ָ֡
ĽЦŵΣյúܣ
˵һ߸п̾ϢһȻڶֹȴֻСС֣ȴͬҪԸӲпĻÿһ˶һ˵Щˣ
ĽҡҡͷҵǸȤˣŮӡ
ߵİɣŵŮӺ٣ǲɱֻŻ书ƶƲߡ
ĽһȻȻˣҵҪʶһ
ߵŵˣдŸţ߻ȥһҲá
ӻͳһƣƴİӣӨй⻪תһ֪
ֻӵ׭֣һ
߰ƵݹȥŴƣӴŵˣ
Ľûƣʵţʱܷؽţ
ߵ㲢ţŵӣҲǽŵӣһֻܻȥһΡ
зأĽʡ
΢ЦԴš
Ľͷӹƣȥһˣ
ţȥɣţұǡ߰ڰ֡

š
ڣĽóƵݸ࣬ɫӵĶƿãֽӹ
ֻ硣
ôˣֿˣ̾Ϣһƣɫ㱡
Ľ磬ҡҡͷû˵ࡣ
ιع̾Ϣ±ǿţԤУҲǵǿ١
Ľţһǽŵĵӡ
࿴ҡͷ̾ϢŹȻԾţ̫Σˣŵ̫һСľͻ䣬ȥʵڵòʧ
ţΣ𣿡
ͷ̾Σգÿ궼еʮɽУƾ޼书Ƕֿ԰ХңڣαطҪȥƴɱ
Ľţ˵ǵ书Դţ
ţ١ͷ̾ǵĴʦҲŵӣ¹أҪΪ;Ӣ˲ţΥ٣һˣ
˵һеӽţűӻУ߾ΪУǲǣĽʡ
ͷš
ĽЦȻˣһǼŰɣһǿϾһˣǽŵ̫ˣ
޼ɣҪඣæ
̾˿ͷѽҪˣŵ书ǾҲԪͬʱҲΣգᶪ
ĽţʦҾ£ţ
ҡͷѽҲգʼߣóƴɱ˵ɱһԴ
Ľһ£ҧҧţʦ
¶һ˿΢ЦСӣ̰ĵúţ
Ľͷ˼ڨЦ
ҲգվȽŸȥҲ޷ô½ûУ
ĽæЦҪģ
ðɣԼϹڰɣҲˡڰ֡

ĽԼСԺѩѾ֪ϢڵˣĽǸŮ˵ˣԼš
ѩʱŽ˵ǳһƬ׷׷ȥˣĽæͣ书ǿᣬҼţҲˡ
ĽֳŵһϤţӽȥٲֿˣѩ¶Ц
Ҳʶһŵģܸһɲ׵ν
Ľڶ뿪˽ţֱ̫һڶȥ̫ͷ壬뷽ߡ
ߴǱĽ̫һɽ롣
ʼʱãȻûʲô·ʩչṦҲǰľԽԽߴ󣬵Ұ٣ϴ粽Уֻҷӡ
ĽΪѷһҲ̫ͣâΪû֮ݡ
Ҳˣ˲ķӣ糿һЪҹ֮󣬲һ߷Ϣ


768 ħ
˸·һֱ죬ĽƣǷ˽ǧ֮ԶʹҲûôԶ
峿ʱ֣ϺȻݹһīɫ裺޼ɣš
Ľӹˣһۣϣǡ
ٶϵ
Ľʱһ˱Ƕŵﺬţ֮УҺѸӿΪĸ¶һ˳ź¡
¶븹֮Ϊһ֮ƲĽ֪ʤˣܵĴڡ
תͷ΢ЦСĵĪȥȥܲס
ĽЦôܲס
кҡͷЦǲžԿҩҪȻҲֲס
ĽЦŵͷûðԣֱ¡
˽ǰӣֹ˰ԶĽȻ޵ķɫ翣ƺɴ֣һֱӵϷʮԶҪȥҪЩɫ
ôָǰʡ
ĽЩɫ
ϵͷͦƯģһһȴǾ綾ޱȣʹ壬Ҳá
ĽЦͷһֱסʹҲȥĶǷʤ
ȻĹ򣬵ҲûȫˣֱӿǿҵľףΣգᶯ
΢Цİɣбٶްġ
˵ǰͷ·Ľһ£ȥ˲ɱ⣬Ρ
֮ĲޣһֱСĽͨı£ֱܹˡ
Ʈ˷ɫڣʱǰһ裬תɻ֮⻯ȥ߷Żǰͷʱ
ĽתƮƮȥ߳ǰָָʾӿٶȣĽͷ
Ĩ㳯żӣԼа칦ǰȻһȻʣȴһƬƽԭ͵̵ۡ

뷽ȴͣ£ת޼ɣҪ棬ҪЩ֦ȥŻ
Ľһɫ΢䣺ⲻǲԭ
Ĵָ΢Цɲǲԭ󣡡
˵һ֦һף䵽̲ϣ֦֮ʧˣ̲ȴûʲô仯֦ûһ㣬Ϊ졣
ĽüҲһ֦׳֦䵽֮󣬲֪ݣ·һѷ죬ݽȥ
֦ˣˣȻݵøˡ
жĽʡ
ҡͷû֪ݽȥûģ׶˭Ҳ֪ǰһԽȥҲӰ٣
ϵҪǣ治ž綾һЩĹиָĶȥ֮ϱΪǼܣѪڻһ֡
Ľզ಻ѣ֮ػǺ
ϵﹲ;ܻһŵĵǴȥ书ͲˣֻҪСһЩ޷
ĽͷǣһСġ
ϵֻҪǣǻͻ֦֦ʹ˴Ҳһѣ̫š
ĽǺЦСԼţǻǰԼɳé®ͷСˡ
ץһ֦ĽһԼʮ֦ԼҲģȡôࡣ
ӷŴһЩϸһЩС棬ҪԸնΣؽţٴηԸһȻƮԾ֡
ϵСһ󣡡
ĽͷƮ˳ȥһƮףǰ׳֦ż֦һȣбʱһ
ṦһطҪ̤ʵֻڿ̤һ֦赽˳ƻ
ķҲˣڿлߣԶ˰ʱȻ̤һƬ֡
ƬֵľӸߴĽȴûֱͦͦ罣գ֦бϣҲֱֱģûһ

뷽ϢȳƣûһĽЩϵǽʼӲƽʱд书ʱõľ
ĽͷľˣӦò죬ʼӲҲѵá
Ͻŵܷûûõġ
ĽȻѵˣ̾ħŵΪɱǲٵӣ
ħţĽʡ
ϵʮɽˣͳһɣʮħš
Ľͷʮħš
̾ϢʮħŵĵΪֶβ̣նʱҪСģǵħҲ˷ʤ
ĽǣϷϷģһСĵġ
Ҳ˵ʵɣʮħűȣǴ·ģʮɽѣΪһԼһֱûȥ̾
ĽʣʲôԼ
ϺһһɣǾʮɽһ
ҡͷʦµԼҪʮɽһɣһΪס
ĽüǾͱţû
ȻҪġϵͷЩһƻգ书ߣ˲ٵĵӣ
ĽЦ⵹Ȥ
ϵ޼㲻ɴ⣬书ǿûʤ㣬ʼãħ죬꼴ɸ֣һɵĵӽöࡣ
һɣĽʡ
ϵڶ֣̫һڵţʵһɡ
ĽȻֲдšһ֡
һ˵²ͣҷӣĽоҵӲȷʵ뽣һ㡣
Ϸӣڽϼ죬øСģÿһҪȷ΢ṦĻ򲻵ױˡ

˼У뷽ЩţĽȴܸоõʵϷϣôˣ
ʮɽΧòСġɨһνſ̬֮ʧ֦
ģϵľ磬ͦΣʱӢ·ˡ
ĽȻһˣ֪ƺƵ罭ӡ
ٺ٣شһЦ
Ľ˦һ֦˳ȥžһ죬֦ըɷĩһƮӰӵ˸ӶʮɵʮԶȻ˼Уٿ
ϳ޼ɣ󣡡
Ľͷ˱űһԶȴͣ
ĽǵӰӣǸʮ˾꣬Ƥị̄ƺ֭Ⱦɵģһ˫Ӻâ䣬ź⣬ģΪˡ


769 
Ľüħŵˣ
ϳСǵа
Ľǻʲô书
ħ书ǧٹ֣ʤؼҪΪǣϵ
Ľͷ˴󵨣
Ϻߵʮɽ֮ڣ޴ڣṦã޼ʵ֮
˳ǶУƮƮӣǵӰתҲȴɭɭĺ⡣
ת۹ʮԶҪ뿪ַΧӰӺȻΪһ˹
ֱֱĽȻǰĽɺ{ӡ
Ľһ´סˣé®֡
δѵûоէ㳡񣬲ǼײϷӦҪܣǴסˣ˵ıԣıþѵ뾭顣
뷽æҪأĽһ£ȴף˲䵽Ľǰֳצ̽צϵɭɭ
Ľһķ̽ǰһߣȻָ̧һ
͡һڹ˲䴩壬һѪַɳԶȻ׹䵽
ڹͻأѸݣ˼ʹ죬Ӧȴϣڹƿؿȥ
кʢҧɴۣڹƣצԽ͡ХųĽץ¡
Ľһ顱һ죬צཻĽһͣƮȻһ
Ҳһ£¶
ʱ뷽ϹĽ˺һóط˳һ͵Ĺƽʵʵӡؿڡ
飡켸ͬʱһѪֱֱɡ
׷뷽Ϻȵ
Ľüæˣ갤ԼһӣְһƣʹٺõҲܲסա
굹ɳɺ󣬺뷽׷ˣǽҪ׷֮ʣۡ³һѪؼӿ죬·ϵӣȻ͵һק
ת۹ңҡȥѾ׷ϲ޺޶Ȼͣסˡ

Ľ˽ǰæʣϷϣô׷ˣ
׷ˣҡͷЩŭĺһħŵṦãôɣȴͽκΣ
Ľʰ
׷ʲôӣϺߵ
ĽЦôصˣѻܲԶİɣ
ҡͷ̾޼ɣҲ̫СˣһȻȴڶǶղŵģӦѪ֮׷ˣ
ôصҪĽȻ
̾˿Цǵ⣬ΪǿᣬҪɱѡ
书Ľüʡ
ģҲƽˣʲô仯ġ
ϵͷǶħ󷨣ǿͣʢԶʤƽˣʹնǵԴһʱҲˡ
Ľüͷһħ󷨣
飬ƺ룬ҡͷħŶ֮أҪඥڣ͵ѧġ
ĽͷһҲ֮ɣ
뷽ҡҡͷû巨ţʵ˵ʵһɵѧʮħһģǵӶǾݼߣԲ൱
ǽǰߣһ˵Ż
ϣʮħжˣĽʡ
ҡͷжҲ
ĽüͷһǴ˰ɣûǵĵϸ
ҡͷЦϵλʮɽǵǲ룬ֻܱˡ
Ľͷһڶ棬ʮħȴǱֻз֮ûн֮ܡ
һһ˵ἲ·û˳ĸ˰·Ȼ󵽴һΡվĸɽ֮¡

Ľۣ˷Լǧϣ̩ɽ࣬վ֣䲻ֱֱ£ȴҲ࣬վɽ£ɭɭ֮ʱѹһ㡣
деִɽһֱ̿һ̵ֱɽΨһƬⰻȻЩδģưеֱֱ罣еۣǧٹ֡
ϵ޼ɣǾ塣
Ͻ͵һɹ־ŷ壬壬壬壬壬壬F壬壬塣
Ľŷ壿൱ھŸÿڣ
ϵɣִƾ壬˷˳ϣ֮λ̣ͬŷдУķͬ
Ľüͷһô˵ŲܶרУ
ϵͷţſԷܶרУͷִƣֱӴš
ĽЦЦ⵹˼
΢ЦһɺܿɣֻмҪӣֻҪΥɣɣǸɵöࡣ
Ľͷһ壿
Ц壬ǴķϣüãηǸˡ
Ľͷ壬ǾִɵһˣȨ󣬿ܰ۸ˡ
ϵ޼ɣҪСˣ嶼ŮӣýýйϸҪ
Ľ뷽϶һۣҡͷЦ
Ľæϣһһ壿
ҡͷЦǽջ羭ķܻ壬ҪСģǲԸġ
ϵˣԸ˵ףʡýԿͷЩŮ˸ǳУûһǷеĽã˭Ҫ׷нãôùǡ
ҡͷЦע⣬޼ɣùǣǴùһˣˣҪóսģ
ĽЦǿм˵ģ
뷽ͬʱҡͷûУûһͨ

Ľü񲻶ǵ
ǣ뷽ϵͷ
ĽЩĿɿڴҡͷ˶ף⡭⡭
޼ɣΪ˺ܶ࣬²Ÿ˰ˣҡͷЦ
ĽȻֻоŸ
ҪϺηЦ
Ľʣ˷Ҳôˣ
ϲָ٣ʮˣ࣬һٶʮˣ֮һˣʮˣFʮˣ嶼ǰʮˣҲ٣ֻˣ
ĽȻֻˣ
ϵķǼѣҪ֮壬̫֮֮Ѱ볣죬ֻǻ꣬Ѿѵˡ
ĽЦȥˣĸˡ
ǺǣѾѵãˡЦ
ĽЦʱмˣ
һûСЦ
ϵ̫֮һһŹ̫ƣŹһɵ书׼йģΨŹ⣬й¶ȥΪѡ֮ˡ
̫ƣĽЦǰһ̫һи͵̫ţ˲ٵķˡ
ϵͷ˵һ书й¶д鷳
Ľͷ˼ĵҵ̫Ƶţѧˡ
뷽϶һۣҡͷЦǺǣСһҪ̫ƣҲֱ
ϳˣĽʡ
Цͷ棬ΪٿǴҲƵó̫ƣžѧûһġ
ĽЩ˼ЦЦ̫һڵĺ͵̫ƵѳʦţǡˣȻи󣬿Ųںδ뿪ó͵ַ֮Żԭһѻţѧ̫֮һڿͱչԲȻԽսϣΪϲ
ϵͷȷʵ̫ƿɲôģʹ֮ҲɣûϳƲĹܷ

˵Ĺ򣬽ûͣҼӣԽԽͣ󣬾ȻǴ˰ƣڰгļ
ԶԶȥظسԼԼ翣Ϲڣضׯ֮С
Ͼ͵ˡϷŻٶȡ
ǸŷŻ˰ףһХ𣬺ϸŷһХϵ˰ڡ
Ľ֮۹ƣ²ĸˣԼʮͣް߰ףȥ˷˪ѩꡣ
ǽϣԾ˶ˣһƽ̨̹ʯ̾ͣϱγһΣĺԺһ㡣
ÿʮż̨ףվ̧ͷֱв͸֮ƣƾˣĪС֮С
ʱһСԲ䳡ǹһƮӭʦ壬ʦ塣
΢ЦС𣿡
ʦȥһСȭЦ
΢Цͷţ˵޼ˡ
С޼Цŵͷת뿪ƹ˶ߵĴȥˡ
ϵƽʱʱһֱʯչƽʱ˴Լе񣬲ͷţƽʱֻܺþУ٣ָǾӢеľӢġ
ĽͷųˣƮƮģƺˣһ㣬Ľо֮죬Ĵһ㣬˿˿ƵģΪ
רעĶǱ߿ɫ࣬Ц޼ɺǵĲ˰ɣ
ĽͷʲôƷ֣¾ɾ
º͵ĵǵƣȡ֮ΪãӦУɵȡԷΪá
Ľ룬ͷӦȺò
ǣ뷽϶һۣ¶ɫ

˴ƣͲݽߣɵ֮У֣ǿɵȡľ֮ʯɵʯ֮ʮɽУȡòߣ
Ľ̾˵
ȴ⹦ƲҲ޿ݽ֮ݡ
޼ɿɱСƣϳɾƺĽģЦԵȡѪео񣬻Ȼһ壬ֱߢȡ˵룬û˾񣬻ô˴򶷣
Ľͷȷʵ
˵һֺĺȻ˸ǰĽȻûֱ
ĽȻɫɨһۣİ֣ԲԲӣͺͺԴ͹󣬿һշЦеĿˡ
ţ뷽ϱȭ
ֺ߰ڰ֣ϺϷض̵ģСӾǽŵСһ޼ɣ
ǡϹ޼ɣţ
ĽȻȴɫ޼ɼţ
ԼͷĽһȦͷСһﻹɲǴ˵еɵѽ
ĽȭӲҵ
һ֣ԺһɵĵСһһһɣǰ벽̤ŹأܲܰγͿԼŬˣ
ĽͷӦˡǡ
Ϻ˰ɣʡ
ϵͷǡ
߰ڰ֣УǾȥɣϹѾ˺üˣһҪЦˣ
һʧˡ


770 
Ľͷҡҡͷû췢ʣλŵӻǳԼ󣬻Ϊǳȶ֮ˣղȴȻ
ϲ˵໰ֱж𣬿ûһһ֮һĻç
ĽܳΪһɵţǾ¼һ룬ٶˣôƽ֮ˣ
˵Ϊ֮ԼԶԶ磬Լֱ׼ʹӦ߸оֱȴǰһ
ղųʱֱһûзӦǴδйģʹĺ˪ԼʱֱҲᷢ档
ſѰʵȴѰز¶ء
޼ɣ߰ɣȥ塣ϵ
ĽͷƮ¾壬Ȼߣҷ˰ǰٴγһվΡ߷塣
˷ߣĽ֮۸о˷״Ҳ·𣬷·Ѿ˹
ĽȻһĸоɽ˹ɣȻȻУûȫͬƬҶɽȻЩȴȫԺԲƣɽ壬ɽߣһģֻɽϵʯͷľһˡ
ЦˣȻɽ٣ȴǿû˸ǵġ
ĽȻЦķ֮֮Ƣ꣬书ȸߣƢҲãȻû˸ˡ
ĽЦͷ֪ķʲô
м֣л羭澭ÿ˶ͬģǻ΢Ц
羭澭ĽЩһķ̲ס
ЦĽջ羭̥ڻ羭
ѵջ羭ȫĽȻʡ
ţһؼȱԶ޷ɡϵͷ
Ľɻ˵ŵʦɹջ羭
뷽϶һۣҡͷ΢Ц
ϵ϶֪ǽŵĵӣͬʱҲһɵĵӰɣ
ĽȻͷ

ĽƮӣʱΡȻһģ
ʱһҲûУ
ڣ
ϺϷӰһһس˸ǰ߸ߴ󣬿׳վһ
Ǻǣǰˡ˱ȭЦһŵĺһ㡣
ˣ͵ĿĽ˫ϵ磬Ľʱһ·ˡ
ºȻУɨһߣŨüۣòӣڴֻΪǸʵũϺǾָ֡
˫ϵ˸֣ɷϢ
λ޼ɣԭŵĵӡЦǺǵĵ
ãã߶ʱЦǰһĽļ򣺡СӾǴ޼ɣСûͷ޼ɣ
ĽȭЦ
߰ڰ֣ЦСһ㲻ýҷʦ
Ľɣǡ
ʲôǵģһ֣ǺЦ֪Ѿʦݼʦûʲô
ĽʵڵѾԸҪǽţҪһλʦҪִ
Ľ룬ȭݼʦ
Ǻǣˣʹ죡ЦȷʵҪЦˣĽȥǿһϡ䱦һ㡣
Цˣҽй̿գƽʱϹҲɣ
뷽°Цͽˣ˵״ΣϹǷˣ
֪̿յƢ꣬°Цȴ⣬ԲһЦе顣
ĽЦõģϹ
˶ʱɴ۾һ£Ц
һ˲һţ޼ɻóأ

úãСӣԽԽ˳ˣߣҽȥ̿չЦһĽȥ
͵ĶסŤͷϺϷͲٹúúһ٣
ǣǱˣ뷽æЦĽͷʹ˸ĵɫתƮƮȥ
ĽЩȻһ·˽У󳤼ʶᵽߵУȻֿЩᡣ
̿յ᲻ãˣйȥǾˣֲԶ
Ľͷת˵Ƿˡ
̿ЦǺǣʦʦǶڣֻһ
Ľüͷһֻĸ
̿ͷ˷ܵĵڶһ쿪ۣ
Ľǵ̫˰ɣ
ߣȻ٣һֵһٸ̿պһΪмĵԵɽӣ¸ǿһŧֵһᣡ
ĽЦŵͷûз
ߣǽȥ˵̿մĴȥ
ĽŽȥٸڲΣŮˣһһķϼΪˡ
˽ٸȭ
Сʦܣ޼ɣ̿մǽڰ֣ǺЦ޼ɣʦɩʦɩһˣ
Ľȭ΢Цס
λʦɩˣĿˮѵõ˶䲻˪ѩ£÷ǣȴҲࡣ
̿ЦȫǴˡ
Ӧõġ˵Ц
̿հڰ֣Ǿͱ¿ˡ
תͷĽЦ޼ԺʳסУÿǣԵùһ֪˰ɣ
ĽЦʦ㣬ʦ㣬ָ̡
ʦеѣʦȴ˳
СʦܲؿŮЦӯӯ뿪ˡ

ڲõؽ൭ţ˿ŮϢܵ֬⻬İʯյóӰӵ̫ʦΣǰͷһţ߸һţ쵽ſڣһʮţÿʮţǡ
ĽҡͷЦֻĸˣȴôӣȻΪ˳棬ôӣе鷳
ָָ̿ǰӣĽȥ
̿ոЩҳôģһ·ʲôȻ˾ʲôĽŵĿ
ĽֱԿ͸Ī⣬ԡ
̿ƲƲ죬ڰ֣ãùô°ˣҪȻţ
Ľûӻ̿պһƺ˵£ִĽĬƬ̣ͷ¶飺Сӣͦã
ĽǷֻˣƽʱʲô
̿յ˾ͳȥߣɱɱħŵɢɢģûʲô¡
ĽȻûʮħſЦݺ뷽˵ʮħŵ˺ʱһ
̿յͷţǸնǶϵôʮֵСģ书ǿǵֶգǷʤ
Ľǽջ羭˵ǻ羭ݻģ
ǺǣСһ㼱ˣ̿Цеʡ
Ľͷǣʮһ㣬ȴܾó岻ȥˡ
̿¶ɫѵѵãô;ʮһ㣬ǰδУ˵ɻ羭
ĽҸô죿
̿һֱ֪ӣûʲôļƣҹˬ䣬Ľһ˱ͶƢ˿ûİУ˺ܶһ㡣
ҪϽʦȴе̫˳ܲб㲻УҪһϤ̡
̿ͷƬ̵Ľջ羭ʮһ㣬Щϧˣ羭ɡ
ĽΪʮһͣͲǰˣ
⸴ඡ̿ҡͷǽǱջ羭ͦҪģǰ漸ﻹõһ漸Ǽ仰ѣΪزţ
̾ĴĽĵͷ𻯺羭ٶȸ죬˵лԲľ硣
ĽЦԭ
ղ񹦣תϴ辭Զ˽⼫Щջ羭ûеģҲƵ
Žӣ֪ԼƵûҲģʮһ֮оһĤֹԼ

ֻΣΪ£ȴȻǽջ羭⡣
̿յʮһ㣬ѾһЩˣЩҩָһ˵
ĽüͷһЩɻ
̿Ц羭ķ̫Ե⿿ķ޷ȥ˵ģԻ羭滹һƪҩƪջ羭ûаɣ
Ľҡҡͷջ羭ȷʵûʲôҩҲûᵽ֮ࡣ
̿յ羭壬ЩСƫ˵øء
Ľüģ
ĽɵԼ̿ҲЦеĵڲΪᣬʢͣ޲Ժ׺ԣʹ˾ͻʱˣ˽ջ羭٣ٵģǽû˰ɣ
Ľһüͷǽջ羭̫ѣԴﶼ
̿պǺЦ羭ȷʵͦѣǽֻаķ˸ϼѣ˵ǸⶼˣҪ尡
˵˷˫ЦĸˣǴûйʢ
ĽЦʣʱĸˣ
ǡ̿յͷǺЦûйĸˣЩͻҾˣҲڵ°ͷͦصʦ˼ˣ
Ľͷ֪˵ʲôá
̿̾һʦֻһͽܣʱһֱģҲӣ˴Уܷ
ĽЦЦΪǵҪ̫ߣ
̿պһЩߵĵ֮壬֮壬Ҫһѣһܻĸѣ͸һ
ĽͷЦʦʲô򣿡
̿յʦʦĶǻ澭
ΪʲôһĽʡ
̿յ֮вͬ澭죬ҿһ黯羭ɣģ˵ܳ
ĽͷӦʣķʲôһģ
̿յ࣬·Ӳ̫ͬ澭أ֮Ļ羭̫Ĺ⻪ƪķǻΪٻΪԪ񡣡
Ľ룬ʦĻ
̿ҡͷǡǡ෴ҵģʦʦ֣㶼һЩ
ĽЦƪķи֣֮
̿յͷȻи֣֮澭羭֮ڽϣϡ
Ľ򣺡ԭ
̿մ˼ǺЦпдСؼΪǳ˵Ҳûô࣬һˣؼΪ޼ɣúŬɣ
ǡĽ֣صĵͷ
̿ȥЪЪҼԺסʦɩɨһ£ȥ׼ҩģһЩҩûУúƤȡ
ĽЩǸĿ
̿һ֣һˣͱ¿ˣѧѧλʦ֣ƤԽԽãúЪЪͿʼҩ
ĽͷӦһ뿪˹̿գȥλʦɩڶߵĵڴɨ


771 
Сʦܣ˵ĴءЦӯӯĽԴɳƣԸС
ĽЦ
Ƕֵһӵأһɶ֪ĴˡЦ
ĽͷҰˣ
ô˲ܽңƫƫʤˣЦҡͷҪСһʦˣǲĵģҪһ嶪ˣ
ĽǴ򲻹ǡ
Цģǲ̫ģҪȻʦʦֶǣ
Ľʦʦֺ𣿡
ͦͦظ󣺡ȻˣһɿԺߡ
ĽЦ˺
ͷֻ̾Ůӣ书ߣִɣǸʤһ
Ľüһ壬һںδҵ
˵Ĳʦðɣʡ
Ľͷ¡
Ǵ˽Щŵʡ
ĽһɣЦǶˡ
ǿˣɫ΢䣬תͷһ
һֱ˵΢ЦĽ񣬺ˣҡҡͷǲɡ
Ľʣôˣ
üҪãҪʸģ򲻹ǣ뿿壬ûȢĵӣ
ĽЦǶ׵ġ
εûУ֪ǻ᲻ֳ̧ȫǡ
ҡͷ̾ѽСʦҪúȡǰգ
ĽЦʦ̫Ƶ
Ӻɷ־Ҳûôɣ΢Ц
Ľλʦֿ־
һ쵽ŴءЦ

Ů˵ŻܿһСԺӣĽԺӣߵԼʮӶҲˣݣԺǻԣһЩϵõĻʻʢɢŵ㡣
ԺӲСҲ󣬺Ǽ򵥣ĽͷŮæʰһ˼죬ú֮һˡ
Ľ˫ڶҵϣЦеĻ⼸Σ֮ǳԤϡ
ʵû뵽ԼȻһݽ̫һţ̫һڵʵһɡ
ʮɽлһʮħţʮħиǿһɣڶָҲû
һֱһ磬һƬء
ԼĽջ羭ǻ羭һ֣ԼƾŽղջ羭ϣ㾳أԲܱһɡ
뿪żһɣԲʲôЩݽʵ٣÷׺ɣٵǺСֱţڵһɣÿһطܻ÷ˮ
һ֮ˣ飬ȷʵڲ׺ɣǺСҲ飬ҲȫͶ롣
κһ£ƴһеŬеˡ
һУԼֻʲôأʦ飬ˬ̹ϣʵദλʦأ
˯˹ȥȫķһ·Ͻң˿ܷˡ
ڶ峿ʱ֣Ȼ洫
ӯӯԺСʦܣȥء
ˡĽæƮݣԺѾ⣬æʦ㣬˯ͷˣ
һϮӰ𪾧ӨЦһ·࣬˯ͷҲûʲôɣѾһˡ
ĽӦһ񻣬ӯŻٶȴ죬Ľʹһէûۼ׺Թȥ
˳СԺߵĴڡ

ĽէһϢŨŨҩζЩǺˣּһ˿㣬оΪ졣
һͭ󶦣Լһ˸ߣ滨ɭɭͭǴִľžոͣ
һѲľԣʱһ̿վڶԣ̽вƺ̽ˮ¡
Ľ󣬱ȭʦ
̿תͷ֣޼ɣã죬·
Ľһ¶ɫĿŮ̿պߵʲôʦɩؼ⣡
ŮЦЦСʦܣϽİɣСƵĺߣϽȥɣ
΢ЦСʦܣֶŮ̫
ĽεĵͷŮ˶ںԼʲôɿȥ¶ȳ͵壬ֻڿ㵽˹̿ոǰ
̿յһ̣סҪ
Ľͷǣʦ
ͭ﷭ӿҩʱɫž̲裬ཹཹΪˡ
֮Ǻ˵ҩζˣŨһЩУѪзӿ֮С
תͷ̿գ̿յͷȥɣ
ĽͷһԾƮƮƮͭУϥҩУǡû˲ӣ͹°һȴû촽
ȵϢ͵ĳ˽ë꣬һ˿˿ʵʣһţë롣
õǹ룬ʹЩҩڣܼһʱ䣬ǣЩڵҩôȣķˮ
һˮȣԶﲻˮĳ̶ȣļƷʮҰˣܷΧ֮ڡ
ɰɣ̿Цʡ
Ľͷá
ʹˣһҲܲס¶ȣ̵ˣĽȴ治ɫţ̿տûϲ
ǺЦСӣȻʮһˣ
ĽʦҪ˹ɣ
òãֻܺúܾǣ̿հ֡
ĽͷһڵԽԽŨܣֻЩ֣飬ַƺһ㡣
ӹƣЩ崩ÿδ󶼻巢Щ仯塣
žд󣬴Ӷ졣
ʱƣԽԽ࣬ԽԽ㴩󣬶ڿѪ⣬Խ
˺ǿѪ⣬Źͷ
̿նϲ䣬Щɻ̽̽ƣȻյǰţһڣæһ³
ҩȷʵûСһ治ɫģûЧһ͸ء
ǺЦʣ޼ɣôʲôо
Ľ΢
Ͷˡ̿յͷЦҪʹţ̵ʱԽЧԽǿ
Ľͷá
̿յҪ̵̲סΪֹԽ˺õԽ졣
Ľһͷһţֵӿ糱ˮ⡣


772 
ĽڶϥϢɮ붨ׯϣ˿û顣
ͣ𣬻ܣҩڷ죬ҩһһƮ
Ҳ°æ𣬹̿ڶԣܵĻںһκ
ŮͭҲܽȱˣҲκðֻӱӳúͮͮģˡ
Ľ΢ǿӿǿԽԽһһĿա
ղ񹦵ʹ࣬д׼С֮УȻ̣һնϸоı£ƾǿľǸԹۣһܿ࣬޹ء
㹻ǿᣬܹѹ¸оΪʵܻʵΪ飬ӿ֮⣬ֻΪãۣ
ƴ峿磬絽ÿһʱ̿նҪĽ붨˵仰
ʱţ̿ĵ׷飬ЩҩЧûУôС壬˿û顣
޲ԼҲȥһԣûûʧЧһֱǿסɳ嶯СӸǰ档
ŮûΣͷһҩˣֻȤʱƳһĽ
˷ڵҩһˣˣȴȻȵһ죬СʦܵΪǾأ
֪̿ԽЧԽãҩҩ绢ǣһ˳̫ܲãǰԤĽܼһʱͲˣһʱ֮ߴһ֮ٽȥܲסϢ
˷Ҫܰİʼ羭
ʼʱĽ治ɫţСʦܲһʱ֮ЩϲĵͷСһȷʵ־ᶨ
ʱţʱˣϲСһʵ־Ǹɫ
ʱ֮Ǵϲֲܰѽջ羭ʮһ㣬ȷʵ־ˣͬѰ
ĸʱ֮Щˣҩ⡣

֪Уڹ̿յɻУ̫Ӷ䵽ߣϦգϼӳ
ڵ¶ȸĸߣ壬Ѿﵽֵľ磬κֻǵɴ۾Ľ
Ľһͨƣ֪Ǳҩȵãɫȴɮ붨
̿ողѾĽ˵Ľһûпڣû˵
㣬̿ŮЩģʲô⣬Ϣȳƣһƽȴǰס˺뵣ǣֻǶ
ֹ˰ʱ̫ɽĺɫӿΧȫڻܣΧһС
ϵưɣ̿תͷԸ
ǣӦһϵľӵ£Ȼ֣ҪȴĽ͵һ죬ۡһѪ
޼ɣ̿æȥס
Ľ󵹣̿̽磬סˣ̽һΣʱ¶ЦݣǺǣСӣ
Ľһˣɳƣʦ
̿մЦúãȻ޼ɣİ˶ˣ
Ľҩȷʵң
̿պǺЦǻ֮ҩģȴ٣̣ҩκã
ĽͷȷʵЧɣ죡
̿ɿ֣ǺЦ޼ɿգټӻˣҲõˣȥ
˵ת뿪˴ŮЦߣ˵ʱŤ΢ЦСʦܣԱѣ㻻Ժϲʦֵ࣬ѹġ
ĽͭбȭлǶ뿪ˣϥƮ뿪ͭȻڿ쿪ȣһ壬ʱѾɡ
֮Ҳ뻯һ֮ʣеˮȫɣֲѡ
ȻˣҩζƲ˿û֮ʹҲȥֻԱһϡ

ͦʦԼ£αƽ߲㰫Ҳ֣˵Ǳ׼˵ƽӹ
ɢŵǶص㣬ĽͷλʦɩǸϲɾģڿͻݣѵ书
ʦɩʦɩΪףѷԼһڶУǶĸˡ
Ľһߺ˼һߵĴڵƻͨŮˣΨй̿С
Ľָ֣һǰߵλ
ĽĬĬУ̧ͷ̿գŨüۣ͸żִʱַɷ
޼ɣζΣǺЦʡ
ĽҡͷЦûֵס
̿յһѰʵѵã洦úܣպ֪ˣЩҩֻŪһݣһִĻЧܶ࣬˵Ҫ󻼣ھͺˣҲܷˣ
лʦĽ
̿հڰ֣¸һףЪһЪҪʼ
Ľʦѣȥ
£̿ʡ
Ľͷ׵ġ
̿ճһ£´ۣҡҡͷǰȥҪ衣
ĽҪȥģܲܺǾͲȥɣ
ţ˵öԣ̿յͷĿЦҿɲǰִɣ޷죬ǲģ
ʦعˣһᴦõġĽ
̿յ¸ӲӲֵģ书Ӳģ
ĽЩʣ򲻹壿
򲻹̿ͷε̾˭Ҳ£ǰӣ
ĽЩôᡭ
ķֻһ֣ǵĻ澭˶ڡ̿պһ
Ľͷҡͷǵã

̿նʱ¶ЦݣĽ򣺡СӣǴһµҪȷʵã
漴ߵˣڵסҾǵĺҲˣһܷ
һܵȭͷ޼ɣδͿ
ĽЦʦ̫Ƶ
ҿɲ佱ˣ־ˣмõʣδɾ͵λʦ֮ϣ̿յ
ĽͷһŬġ
̿ЦŶ㻹ȿ羭ȥɣ
˵
Ľһ˴Ȼߣ֮䣬һ֮ǰ
Ԩף˿˿סۣӿ֮ʺһ㡣
ĽĿˣȴܴƲ㿴档
ֱͦͦʯڲ̦ԭɫҰݴӣһʯݵСɽ
ǴˤȥˤʯͷϣҪǻΪࡣ
߶ȣʹָߵ˿һҲѣΣ˫ȷվ±ϿһԼȥ
޼ɣȥ̿תͷԸһ
Ľͷ̿ѾƮƮȥһƬҶƮĽæϣתڣУڹ̿
ԼʮɣԼʮ¥ߣ̿κȻһͣͣ˫ѸĻʯڣ˲ĳʮƣס
Ľ̾һÿһƶضλϣǲ֪ǳһ㡣
䡭һ죬ϷɴȻһڣںǾſ졣
̿պȵȥ
һʯڣ͵Ĵڳȥһ֧ҵļ˶ڣĽһţˮӷ˳ȥҲ˶ڡ

ɽԼ׶ߣΪ̿Ѿվͷңˣû֪ʹҲ֪ҲҪסܣ֪𣿡
Ľ֣صĵͷǣʦ
֮㡣̿յ֣صĶ⿪ҲһƷûѧƷǧҪſ֪˵ס˷λûƷûá
ĽȻ򣺡ȷʵһʧ
̿ҡͷΪȻ̾Ը˰ɣһʧ
ߣתǰʱһȻʣҹǶʯϣɢ͵Ĺԣӳʯ
˵ĿˣףʹûеƹҲܿ壬Ͼй⻹ǸһЩűá
ҹߣԽԽ˺˸ߣ˿ˣΪ
ԼԶǰһʯţʯͷžͼӲǳĽȥԣ졣
̿յʯŵĿҲһƷġ
˵ʯģأ򻺣תĳһƣȻƻһ
Ľģǽţ³һһƣÿһƵķλͬһ˵ȷʵѼס
Ľһ飬ӡԺУʱطţȴһ¾ͼסˣסûУҪķϡ
̿תͷʯͷĿűȸղŸӣҵס˿û¹򣬳˺ôĿͷ
ĽЦȷʵӡ
㽫ҲҪѧģҲҪζ̿պǺЦмֻ
ĽЦʦѾס˷λ
סˣ̿Ȼʡ
ĽͷҶԱļǲס书һܼס
Ǻǣأ̿ջϲЦٺٵҪתˣʹһҿ
ĽƮƮĳһƽһƣǿݣת۹ĳһٶƣǹ̿ողĵλãһģһ˿

Ľ֪ĵطʺϰϻǡǡ෴һҪԼǿչʾ
ΨǿлȨ˵ز¶òʧɱﵡı˵޷ӮϣֶΪ
ĿıȻǿ󣬵Ǿ޽У¾ԼǾǿ֮ʣ²츳츳֮ǿԼȴԶԶˡ
ȱֵ̿úϲ£죬ٺЦúãһȥ㴫Ʒλʦһ£
˵˫͵һƣ¡¡ɫʯתǰһԲεĴ
ʯذֻмţտС¼֮У־ġ
山ߵĴ࣬һӣԼ׿׳岨ԣƮ˿˿ƵİһɴƮ
Ľܵˮ͸ɭɭ⣬̿գ¶ʡ
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ĽǰˮرߣֻмɫС㣬ڵζֺ޾š
Ľһˮȣ֮ȻǸʱһͷ֮һ塣
ĽĬƬ̣ûʲôֻǴ䣬Եȥ˾е⣬ָ
̿һָʯڣ޼ɣƣ羭
ĽŤͷȥʯڿһ񣬻һйӵ֣ĽһۣһҲϵá
Ťͷ̿գʦǡ
ǻ羭̿պٺЦһָߵʯڣǻߵǻ澭
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Ľҡҡͷ̿յЦʦԴ֣Ȼǲϵõġ
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˵ձ㵽Աһ£ϢˣĽ
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ԼǸ֮ˣҲңˣдֻ֣
¶ֵĺûרעϣȫ羭԰Ρ
ѹʱֻԼѾϥ˵ϣһһȴû˯һգ۶ѣֺ˺ܾãоΪ֡
̾Ϣһջ羭ȷʵȫ羭ջ羭ȣȷʵһݣҹۿ羭ǰһЩɻһ¾Ū壬֪Լ˲ٵĲӡ
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ҪһǣĽջ羭ȫֻһ벻һķʵҪʮѨջ羭ֻʮһѨ
һȻͬնԭһһ뻹ķ֮һѣȻ࣬ͻƵһȴ࣬һһкͣҲ˵Ǳ˻Ǳˡ
ֻǰͷˣ˺ͷûһ룬ķ֮֮ĵķҪһѶȣԭʮ
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ĽεҡͷֻϹèӣЩطԼԴ⣬ɴ£زġ
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̫֮ܳԵ̫壬Ȼ壬ԶʤˣϰߵˣҪע֮
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Ľͷǣ׵ġ
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һǴͷʼӵһ㿪ʼԭĽջ羭ΪڣȻתҲܿ죬Զȴͷʼöࡣ
羭Ĳջ羭һֻķȱʧѣÿһҲһѪ⣬Ĥǻһʮ㣬һһѣݡ
һûͣЪԽɽ羭ΪתΪ羭ӵһ㿪ʼܿѵһԲųڶ㣬ȻڶֺܿԲǵ㡣
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ĽͷỪڵ澭أ

Ϫͷ澭ȻһЩǿ
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ỪںһߵĵСʦܣɵСģͷǲŹģ
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ÿλǱ˼ҴñףϪЦ
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˽ջ羭羭һҹ޵㣬ûнջ羭ףٺãҲѸ١
ԼȣµʲǾν֮ӣԼйվľдڲ֮ء
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ỪƲƲ죬ĻȥĽº棬ȴûжʣʦ뿪ãûϽ͡

ĽԺֻй̿ĽԺӶͷСͤʯԣǰŲյƮ
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һʽɻһ㣬ٶ죬׷ϡ

Ľ̾ѣȷʵǴ̫ѨǰһţԭѨ˵Ǳ
ԼǰҲ򿪹Ѩһȴ֮ԼǰѨͲԶô˷򿪵̫ѨȴȵﻹҪ㡣
еİ̾ԣĽУҪ͸֮أһ̫Ѩֱʧˡ
̫Ѩһڶ޷յһֱӱɣƾĽǿᣬ΢޷ﵽ̫Ѩ
Ľ˼Σ̫Ѩϱɣ֮Щ޿κֻܷ֮
̫ѨİֻܵպлԵ̽ˣתķ漴顱һ죬ֱֱײСͤʯľƬ׷ɣͤըһ󶴣Ľڵ㷢ȥգת۲ӰӣƺΪһ塣
ιƮƮ䣬һƬëӸղŵƶ䵽СͤʯЦҡͷѡ
û뵽ʩչ˿񱩣лХ֮ƣ˲٣ʩչṦҪ֡
ٶȣܹ׷ϣΪ
˷Ҳб׶ˣùһ̫֮ѨΧľ˺ѣȫݻ٣Ҫһζʱ޸ʹõڶΡ
Ҳһʩչһתķ̫Ѩеȫӿȫܿƶ٣һˮȥһ°ӷ
ҪʩչڶΣҪ̫ѨųɣҲһ¾ģֻԵУ̫ˡ
ĽȴķǱһĴţܰÿһѨİضŪˣһΪν춯ˡ
Ϲ˼µһһΪĪ⣬ĽԼԶԶԶﲻҪµһҪ߲Σ书ﵽųɡ
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һֻ̫ܰѨ
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һº
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Ľ
ϪƿԺŻĴӯСͤ棬΢ЦСʦܣˣ
һϮɫӳ˰ϢʹڵҲ硣
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ƮСͤ䵽ϪǰѾﵽʮ㡣
ٴ羭ȻȽջ羭һЩ羭ÿһѵǿʼ߲㻯Ѫڰ˲㻯⣬ѪԲѣɻȴҪĲ򣬾ںڰ·ѵҵ·һҵ·һЩˡ
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ߣѸޱȣľָ֮ʱʮѭֻ輸κָܻ
һٶ죬߲֮ڰ˲㣬ǵھŲ㣬һʱѾִ˵ʮ㡣
ƣֻҪһ£ﵽʮһҲѣӵʮһﵽʮ㣬ǧѣҪҪʱĻۣҪͷʼӵһ㿪ʼ飬ֱȫһٴﵽľ磬ﵽ֮ǻ硣
Ҫ磬ҲҪӴĻۣǶʱԴﵽҪǿ׳֮ǿ֮Ȼٻʱϣһٳ֮ʣﵽ˰
һҪܳʱ䣬򻯺

ϪȻʮ㣿
ϸĬһȴ޷оĽǳֻ󺣣ɲ⣬ȻԶʤԼˡ
ֲ̾ʦ㣬ȻǱΪԶʤˡ
ĽЦЦʦֹˡ
ΪȷʵϪ֪ʦϪǴСʦҲǣԳɽѰҵӡ
ʱ㱻ʦҵɽϣһֱ澭ʱ֮ԶʤĽ
Գ˵Ƕ˵ĻԵʸݵһУĽȴ࣬Ľֱɣȡ侫ѧԨ°빦
ϪʦٱչһЩӣ·ͻȻֻʦˡ
Ľʣʲô£
һβ࣬ʧˣҲϪ
Ľüʣʧˣ
Ϫͷǰˣûҵơһħŵһķ񣬲ٶһѷе֡
ɫصҡҡͷ
ĽǺã϶
ϪͷʦһȥмĵӣԽԽá


777 Ѱ
ĽȻͷȻԽԽãһδˣǼʱ֣˵Ѿˡ
ʦ֣һѣϳĽ˱ߵӣܿ컻һɫ
òƽڵϳӳ£һɣм̬֮˼ַɣһ
ȥʦɡϪ
ǰʱ̿䳡꣬κʹһʽ
Ľһ£ƽ˶
˹̿ӣһգŤͷǻһ˰
Ľͷѣø޼ɣȻţɱʦĸˣ
Ľȭʦˡ
̿մͷţΪѾˣһɿɺˣֻҪǶ
ĽЦʦʦ书˾ˣ
һȥ֪ˡ̿յһ£ֻ˻羭һЩȭûҲλ˵סඣҵ˾ͺãǧעⲻҪܲɽڲûգһΣղҪǿʤ֮󼪲ǣ
ĽЦŵͷǣʦ
Ϫʦİɣʦܻῴġ
ţʦֵȻΪʤ̿յͷ޼ɣҪϪģ
Ľͷǣʦֵģ
̿Ťͷȵ϶
ỪڴӴ˳ϻһ㣬ǴмЩæҡ
ǸԻ̿պһϺȵŴɱˣСʦܣô㣡
ʦͷİɣӲúܣỪظĽٺЦСʦܣҪʦ
̿Ц۾Сʦܱǿö
ףỪĽֵʣСʦܣôģôô죿ǲǳʲô鵤ҩ

̿ЦŲͶʲô鵤ҩΪ鵤ҩô񣿣
ỪҡͷĴĽ֣Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ĽЦʦ֣ƽʱ˯һ켸ҹܿġ
˯ĳɣỪҡͷ
̿ЦóĻͲһ쵽˯˯ɱѣ
Ừڲõɴ۾ʦС䣬ʦܸǰҵӺòð
̿պߵ㻹ҪƤϻ˵Ϊˣҵ˾УҪٺ֦ڣһħ±仯ҪСķĪԼ˽ȥ
֪֪ʦͷİɣỪظڣСʦСһëģ
ҲŲģ̿յһۣŤͷ޼ɣȥٻأѧ˰ɣ
ĽͷʦİɣѾˡ
ţǾͺãȥɣ̿
ϪỪǰͷ·Ľɽ£һ˶߰Զһɽ塣
ϪƮݣУһһ߸ĽСʦܣһ˾ְ鱨̽Ṧõˡ
ĽͷỪᵽһ鱨ҪˣѾ뵽˾鱨
ϪǲṦãܻ飬ͨϢ֮˵Ǻı
ĽüͷһʦΪأ
ϪҡͷҲĪһεǣһεĸѣӲˡ
ỪںһǵҪ壡˵ӦҲ񣡡
ϪЦЦʦܣڲ⣬Ůˣ˼һƽϡ
ǻŮˣỪЦ

ĽЦʦ֣Ůˡ
ỪһЦСʦܵҲСʦܵǲͬģ
СʦܣҲҪСģν߳īߺڣõҲ֪˵ģˣմһЩʢϪЦ
Ľҡͷ䣬ʢˣֻ˰ˣҲܸ˵˵Ҳġ
ỪŰЦȤȤ
ϪЦһҪʶһµġ
ĽҡͷЦڵΪϲ塣
ǿδأϪҡͷСʦΪǿ͸ǳˣȥԿ
Ľҡͷһ
ʵ֪ƾԼΪҪŹǲɣҪپ㣬ܴﵽʮһ㣬ǾͲˣ
ﵽʮһ㣬ʱ²ɣʲôⶫоеģҪԵ
ԼãʹˣҲѾԼˡ
Ʈӣֱȥת۹˲ۣ֮ĽƣǼſյء
յһȺĽɨһۣԼаʮӣŮ룬֮ʣƮݣӯ鶯ʩչʽ絸һ㣬Ŀ
Ľ̾书ȷʵǾ̫һڵ书ҲʤһԼ书ǲһЩ
ԼΪ书ɣԼǽŵ书׾ʤɣһʮᡣ
˹Ⱥ߳ˣһһŮеòƽԼʮ꣬Żɫĸߴ࣬ٴ˳Ⱥ֮Уǵ书Ȼͬ
Ľ̾˵书һΣΪأʵС
书ȷʵͬ书£ȴὲͣ׷Ǽ˶
书Ȼ׷ϣغһ·ӽȻͬ
ǧ;ͬ飬ߵǽݾҪ󼫸ߣҲѣ񳭽··̫һߵǴҪͣ·;ƽ̹ҪﵽյȴҪʱ๦

ʦ֣ʦܡӱȭߵŮӯһЦȭȴû˵
Żɫ˿ļӳмصţȻס
üСɵıӣ֮
Ừ˫һæǺЦʦã첻ɸʤѽ
ӺǺЦʦܣܲ˵һģÿμʦöһ䣡
Ừתͷһۣȥȥʲôң
ŤͷЦʦãõģСʦܳһҵʦǵģ
ʦЦһ£Ǿͺãλǡ
Ľ۲ˮŶˣһջ㡣
Ľȭ޼ɼʦ㡣
ỪæСʦ޼ɣСʦܣܾʦã³Ӻ³ʦ֡
³ʦ֡Ľȭ΢Ц
³Ӻæ֣ǺЦؿؿû뵽ˣǿϲɺأ
յ֮ѣ죬ôȥûгӵģһڴﵽʵ
Ľû¶书ĵӶСԶʤ壬֮⣬
ڶôܻܿıȻСġ
ϪǴҲ¿ףǱ߱˵ɣ
Զԣ߱˵³Ӻæͷ
Ľæʦ֣ʧټλʦֵѡ
ŶϪһתͷ³Ӻ³ӺĽͷãȥȡ
תһ˲ʮ⣬ٿһʧˡ
Ƭ̹һȻǰ

³ӺѰݸĽ΢ЦʦܣǷʦǵѣÿһ
ĽӹЦǣܸһЩա
³ӺЦȫʦˡ
˽Ʈ˲壬Ľһߣһߴ򿪰ȡļһһһ
ܾպǺĿĽֹʦܣҪҰæ𣿡
Ļ̌ͷЦЦлʦ㣬Լͳɡ
ʦҪЩʲôãζܾȻЦ
ĽЦЦɣÿʵɢŸԵζⲢζһϢ
е˼ܾס
Ľŵһ츳ܹ׽ϢֻҪ̫ԶԼܸо
ģܾȻ
Ừһ۰ͰͿܾգʱæ죺ȻģһһСʦܴȥȳģ
û뵽ʦܾ̾
ǵȻỪæͷԺĵǲȻܵõӵ
šܾתͷỪڡ
³ӺҲŤͷЦģǲʳ˼̻ģǻᶯģ
ỪںٺЦСʦǿɲһˣڵΪǶߣһҪŹصģ
ĽҡͷЦЦʦ˵ùǰһλѣҲǡð塣
ԭǰˡ³ӺȻͷЦ͹ֲˣҪҪŹصģǲǣ
Ľͷ³ӺǺЦҡͷͬ飺ඣûһܹŹصأ
ĽЦһ£Ϊûܹ˾ŹأһΪصĶӣŮӺϣʹȻû˼
ҪһԶִ֣ɣ֮书һǵһ˿ɼ
ɽڣҪŹأǳ˵ˣķˮûȥ
ҪȢĵӣֻԼģȻ׷׷ĵȴܡ

ƮƮУĽѰ³ӺʾˣȻӿΣ
Ȼ³ӺܾЩɣʱʵû취ѾͨҹȥȴûʦǵӰӡ
޼ƿʩܲܲܣ˵λʦǰһ£˾ˣǲ
ϪỪڵ飬ǶĽҲһģˮ֮˼ʹһҲòץס
Ľǰͷӣǽ󣬺ܿ뿪峯϶УĽɫԽԽףԽԽ졣
ԼһʱĽͣסæɲ
СʦܣˣϪʡ
Ľɫ࣬ףҵˡ
³Ӻæʡ
ĽϱһָԼһ·˵ϵü
ߣ³Ӻһ
ϪĽüͷһֱûɿСʦܣǳ⣿
ĽҡҡͷӦû
ǡϪɫ
Ľ̾˿ǻš
Ϫ˵³ӺܾѾʧỪȻܾĽŻ˽Ų漴Զһŭ
Ϫɫһ䣬һʧĽ̾˿Ҳżӿ죬һԶת˲
ǰһ֣Ϲʮеӣ۾һһ˿ң沼ݺύĵۼʹ񲼴
³Ӻ˫ͨ죬ŭһưһýĶϡ
Ľæ³ʦ֣λʦֻţ
ϪƮȥסһˣỪҲƮһˣһ˱³Ӻסŵϡ
ܾճĿûжӰóһһݹȥ


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ϪһһѸϣ̽̽ãڡ
ӻͳһƿҿӵöɫ裬۴Сֱ˵
³Ӻֱ̽˵ƣ˫ͨ죬޲ɱһ㣬Ȼס书ȴˣôصˣܹƽһѣһҽβãҪº󻼣Ҫʹĥ
ֶ̫նˣһɵĵӶ౯һȻ󻯱ʹΪţʱħŵӵĿ£Ӱ
Ľһһ̽ƣ룺ʦָ֣ܻǵ书𣿡
ˡϪҡͷ̾˿ǵﱻˣڱ𴦣˵Ҫ
˵Żҡͷ̾Ϣһ³Ӻ
Ľüͷһ£ľ⣬Ϊһɵѧ߾˵ķҲӦ֮ЧڿȴԼˡ
ܾǵҲá
š³Ӻæ̧ͷ˫۲Ѫ˿һüһƬ㲡
ܾյĵ֣˵оȡ
ϪæͷȻǣԶԣ֣ܳ˵оȣ
ĽתͷϪһŴ绯깦רˣЧ񣬡ǲʩչ
Ľλʦôصˣǲܾɣ
Ϫҡͷ绯깦ˣʩչ鷳ʩչһƽʱپˡ
ĽͷȻˣ뻹ǻֵİɣ
ϪҡͷǲŻʩչǹǺһʩչˣ˵ĵӣǾֻˡ
ỪںٺЦСʦܻȥһˣһܳɵģ
Ϫһߵ˻ãСʦܲɣҲϲȥ壡գʦãȥԿ
ܾջͷãȥ壡ʦϵܺãȥһ˵ܳɣ
ϪһİƣǺãϻȥʦȥ壡

Ľ֮⣬ÿ˶һߣߵü죬ʱ㵽֮¡
ͣ£ܾɽХһܿһƮ䵽ǰץסӣƮƮϷȥһֻҺ׷ҡϡ
Ϫҡͷ̾˿Ըܳɡ
ỪڵʦַİɣŮ˵ᣬĵػ㲻ӦܴӦġ
Ƿǳ֮ʣҪŵȴ䡣Ϫҡͷ
³ӺҧʵڲɣҾ͹һֱǴӦ
Ϫҡҡͷ̾˿³ʦܣǲӦҲûõģʲôҲǸı⡣
³ӺյͷεҲûķӣ书ǿᣬû취Ӳǡ
ԶԣǶЩӲģӲỪæͷ
˵ĹܾƮƮ£һīŮĹپСɣˡ
ʰһƳʱ˾Źֵĸоĵ۲ӹϪỪڻ³Ӻ䵽Ľϡ
ӴʦأЦЦӯӯĵʦܣ㻹ҹѵҪŹأ
Ľҡͷʦģʦ󷢴ȱһλʦ֣
ȱôīŮӯӯЦҡͷǿɶЩŮˣĴȱģ
˵ŻƳһỪڡ
ỪڶʱɫǺ죬һתͷƺûŮ
Ϫ̾һʦܣһֱǿⲻڻǱˣһҪġ
ĽԶԣܱܲƶʦֵǸ
³Ӻȭ֣صʦ㣬Ⱦȷʦǰɣ
ϪʦܣʦõǸ
ỪͷԸ³ӺεĿ⣬αһȭʦ㣬ҴˣǳŮˣ
ԼˣīŮ쿩Цһ
Ừ³һƵĵǣ֪ˣ
īŮڰС֣ǺðɣҾԭҪ⻰ɲôඣСĵ

ЦӯӯתͷĽЦʦܣ㵽ҪҪŹأ
ĽͷҪģ书΢
ʲôʱѽīŮЦܲʦһֱŰɣ
ĽҲµ̫ã˽꣡
īŮЦúãͲӺɷ򣬱Щڰ֮ǿȥкʦã
˵Ʈ𣬽żʪʯһ㣬ٴߣ;ٴһ㣬һΣȻһ㣬ûнֱ˰֮ϡ
Ľ̾Ṧ
³ӺؼʦΪṦһ㡣
ĽתͷܾĽĵͷ⻰ϧΪǳʦһ㡣
ϪСʦܣṦһ壬ǵӥ׾ṦйĪ֮
ĽͷϪҡͷϧӲϰ
ÿɽĵӲܻԷ书Ľʡ
Ϫҡͷһһɲ࣬ͬΪһɣ˴˾бƴ£ܴԷ书
ĽȻףҡͷ̾Ƕʮħ·磬ΪβܾŷЭͼλĸأ
⵹ǲϪüͷһͷЦѡӢӣѧһ
³ӺҲǰ⣡
ܾҡͷǲɵġ
ỪƲƲ죺ʦõĻûҪܳɣôˣǶħҲһˣ
Ľ̾˿Ҳ֪ЩʵʣɽļʽȷʵΧŨؼǶûħϡ
ǸĵӶиԱѧɥĻ΢΢ʹɥħŵϣҲֻԹѧղá
ħĥʯǶһɵӵĥ¡

ĽԶ仰ĹͰһɸ˼Ħ߰˰ˣ˾Ųʮ
ǡʱ洫Ц̧ͷһֻīŮƮƮ£̬ӯ
ŮǰһԲŮں˼ͬʱ˸ǰ
ʦã˭ŮЦ
һϮīһĽˡ
Ľͷţ书ѽ
Ҳǡ¶һ˿΢Ц
һֱŵĮϢһЦѩΪ֮һݹ֮ʢĿѣ
ŮӯӯЦʦãɣҪʩչ绯Сѽ
ţ֪ġͷ
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Ůףû˵ֻĽûǡ
³Ӻȭмȴû˵ܾ΢Цλʦ֣ʦоˣ
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ܾҡͷʦǻûѣ׷ʲôҲ֪ףӦħŵʹĻ书
Ůҡͷ书ǴħҲܷ
ϪһβͬģҲ֪ô¡
Ů˽ǰ̽ƣšһﾡ٣ðԵֶΣȷʵħַ
ŤͷʦãʦãǸһˡ
ԲŮͷĮӳһ仰Ҳû˵ȻĮĽ˵仰
˸һߣ룬վţ漴˫ƣңˣȻһᣬеӼͬʱʸ߶ȣƽƽŲƺε̨ϡ
һֹ³Ӻ¶̾ɫɾ΢ĿƣһܹУΪҪ񣬻Ҫ

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Ů䵽ӵѨÿһƶ׼ȷĻУʼʱֻʮ֮ǲķȿʼǿ
˶ʮ֮£ǷҲ䵽Ͼ
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ʮƹǺȻ顱һ죬ֱͦͦƽ죬Ҳûƺڸɿʶ
ŮͣȴǺȻһ䣬仯Ѹ£ͣĻϡ
žžžžӨ׵ϣŽ֮
ĽƲ֪ı仯ʼֻǰ𪣬ȴǾӨǶļӿ죬ֻƻΪһӰӣԼ˵ص£еʪ⡣
ĽܸоԪӿаͷϣԪ˹ȥ
γһĻӣĽֻһεӿˮγɵǡ
˺һŹۿ
άѸٳƣ಻һյʱ䣬ͷɢڰþӨ
΢ĽЩۣΪ˾ˣȥֹŽ֮
һյʱȥŮ㺹죬ڣڷˮĨһ֬޵Щ̬
ȣŮͬʱ߳
һƣ͵Ļϣǡ顱һվ˫ۣ˫۾âһãĴܡ
Ůֱϥϣ˲õϵҰݣ˫ֽӡ΢һ
ʱ뿪ʼʱȻͬµӨʧò԰ףûѪɫһ֪
Ϣޣƺ᧿Σʱ

Ľ״ֱϥǰƣ£
ӣĽһ֮
ҡͷûõģһ¾ͺˡ
ĽԿ
ͷƣӣ۵Ϣ
Χ˼״Щ֣ȴû˵תͷӣɻ³Ӻǡ
³Ӻеʣʦܣ书ָ˰ɣ
лʦʦ㻹λʦãѾˣһмıȭ
Ǿͺãʦǻɡ³Ӻ
˵ͷϪỪܾԾߣγһȦӰŮĽС
һʱŮŮɨһˣĿĽϡ
ĽһϢǶǸ֣ԸоϢĲ
Ľɮ붨ׯϣǣׯһ㣬ûϢׯ֮ȴ˲
ֹһʱɫǽƻ裬Ľ۾ջƣҲƣۡ
ʦãôˣŮʡ
ͷʦ㣬ʦ㣬ǻȥɣ
ãȥŮͷŤͷϪ˰ɣ
лλʦãϪȭ
ŮûĵЩϻ˵ΪϽߣ


779 ܾ
ǺðɣǾ͸ˣϪ΢ЦͷģŮĶԶл벻⣬Ծŷȡ
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ǣ³ӺȭһȭƮȥת۹ʧ¼Ұ֮⡣
ĽһߣֻǶףѾʧ
Ľȥķ򣬾þòԣ˼Ů״һЦ
Ϫʧ֮ԲŮʱһˣʧЦӯӯģЦʦãÿ˶Ѿ
æתͷǵġ
ŮЦʦãʦʲôõģȲ˧̵ģһûӺɷȣ
Ƴһۣҡҡͷɫ¶ΪȻ
ôʦã˵òԣŮЦ
ҡҡͷʦ㣬㲻֪ġ
ŮЦô֪ѽ鱨Ǿŷ嶼ССĽŵӣ³ç嶯˼춯ص£ִһɵӣԲűƸѡι
βͲصúܺ³ç嶯ŮЦ
ҡͷ֪ﶼƭˡ
ŶŮЦӯӯʣʲôӵѽֻСʦ֪ǲǣ
µЦЦ˭Ҳ֪
ӴˣСʦãҪҪʦѽ˵ľŹأŮЦ
µлʦ⣬ˣᴳģ
ŮЦӴСʦãʦܻأûܴŹأʦģ
ᴳģµ
ԲŮЦʦܹȻй֮أҪȻʦҲƶ
ðɣǾĿԴŮЦ
µʦ㣬ʦ㣬ȥɣ
˵ղȶŮ˵ϸƮƮ

䵽嶥·ſŮ£ľš
ʦ㣬ʦ㣬ǺúЪϢɡ±Ҫǡ
ţŮæһ֣æʦã㾹Ȼܡָˣ
µͷţѾָˡ
ô᣿ŮԲŮһۣ龪졣
绯ʩչʩչⲢĿݽߣʹעҲûãסһ㡣
ÿʩչ绯ʵʹ࣬Ϊʩչȡʹ࣬޷ʩչĲʡ
Ϊƽʱӯëϰ֮ҲΣûӯ鶯ʧȥ֮ǻɽʹһָͷóޱȣʮ;亹
ԭһ֮ܿ⣬һۿȥֻʮԶԶ㿴ˣԭ֮ӬţȴӣҲǰ㡣
ʧȥ书ǾһʧһĲзϣʲôģ¶ó
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Сʦãô쵽ģŮæʡ
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ԲŮʦ㣡
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ҡͷûʲô޼龭

Ů룬ҡҡͷʲô书
书һ˫޹򡣡µ
ŶԭѽŮһ죬˸ҿ£һŮҲŮһۡ
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Ǹأס
ʦҪҪȫʦãŮЦҿʦӣġ
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Ϫ˵Ừڲ䣬Ľ򾲾ţ̿ղʱĽ䣬ôġ
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š̿յɴ۾ô˵
ĽΪķȴգߵƫ·ӣһķһٶȲ죬Ҫƫ棬ƴųɣջ羭ʱһϼ켸ҹö࣡
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Ľͷ֮羭ǰչؿһֱ˯һ죬Ѿʮ㣡
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ỪӼһţһĿɫʦҪôʦԣҪǲУҲˡ
תͷһĽСʦܣ㺦
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ӻͳһĲӣݵĽǰʦܣǷģ°ɡ
Ľɨһۣĸ֣ӥ׾衣

⡭Ľܾա
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صԺӺϴӥ׾裬ķķΪӣ̼ͨѨǿ磬⼸̵ֶľתȻ׵ٶȣӥ׾֮ڡ

ؼ⼸ѨĴ̼Ҫ󼫸ߣҪϸ΢һ߻ħ֮ա
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Ľֻٴһʧһֻ鴦

Ůƣ˫۷Ź⣬ȻϢ΢ǲ书ƽˣڣ˽ֻ֣Ķǡ
˫߬ȭָԾīѾҪ֧Ԯһ㣬ŮҡͷѣСʦʲôãѩ츳ˣĵҲЩͨʡ
ʱ򣬾ٹɣҲ˶ɶԸʦѽֻǿţʦɱˡ
Ľһһ˸ʧ֮ʣٴ֣Ȼʧƺ޵һ
ѾӰΣӥ׾ൽһƮĪ⣬ʵʵʱƻһȴԭӰӡ
Ʒ죬һĳ˲䵽ûм̣ռ񲻴ڣ˶Ҫɡ
Ľȴͬ䷴ӦֱˣܹƾֱǰӦƳֵķλǰܡ
һǰʱ䣬ܴݱܹǱȴоգûΣ֮С
ʼʱûȫֻһĽǳ֮ˣԽԽǿʮ֮ʹȫ
ʱĽѾȫ˺ĳַʽȻܴȴǿֱÿζ֮յıܿ
ںʩչȫ֮ȷʵЩÿζգƫƫܹˣҲһ
ʮеʦºȻȵ
һƮһŤͷһ££СѾͷҪɲҪʦѽ
Щɬȴҡҡͷʦ˵ʮеġ
ðɺðɣһۣŤͷĽ޼ɣȷʵС书ûѧɣ
ĽѾ˻羭
ҡͷȥˣƷûѧ
Ľͷš
ЩĵĺߵҪѧ˲ӥ׾裬봳һأܣ
ĽЦЦͷУұֲ֧סˡ
㻹ףûĵ

Ů콿ЦʦʦǴŹ
ţԺԵǷ
ŮЦʦܣϲѽôͷһˣ
ĽЦűȭлŮ
ŮЦסඣҽС
޼ɣǴŹأܵɽÿʱ򣬶ҪȴкҳֻȥµԺӣ׼Ҵ
ĽЦǡ
ȥɣڰ֡
ĽҪȥԺӣȻһХ
СƮ±ߣ¹ƣã۾͸ƵڣֻǰããһƬĲӦ
һûԣȥ
ʦҪʩչ绯С
һô壡
ǿô죿ֻʦáСü
ȥһһʧԭأһȽȽƮȥ䵽¡
ˣӣƽڲݵϣĸΧܣͷźƮ䡣
Ľ̾˿Ťͷ£㻹ܳ𣿡
µͷţС
ǳȥɡĽ
û˵ƮƮ£˺ߡ
ڽѵǼ
ǳвУˣΪԼͱȱǿΪ书΢ǲ
߰ɣҷϵĵǶʩչ˴绯ûʩչˣԼ컯ɣ
ĿһУԶٿųԣ
ĵˣ絶һǣҪִһ㡣
ĸò죬ȴӢСΪҲףĽƣ羭֮ǰǵĶ֡
ʦɡµ
Ťͷһۣ㲻Ҫ


782 ѡ
µѾˣûġ
绯ɲô򵥣ÿһˣһԪܲȱ㲻ȣ
Ȳðɣ
һǾȡһƲƲ죺ĸųô
²Ե
ߵ£֮ǰûôΣһ굽ͷҲûǣһӺȻƵ
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ǣͷߵǰ䴦·磬в㣬Ա࣬嶼бֶΣ޿ֵģһȴ˴ͷ
µΪΣ
ҡͷ˭Ҳֻ֪ܿ˴̽Ϣˣ룬һóͷҲʵʵŲ⼸ȴϹQԲ
ƳһĽ΢΢һЦóͷ
ԭֻˣ书ǿᣬƣ⣬ƽʱǺߵģҡͷ
ĽҡͷЦЦ֪ȷʵˣֻˣھŷ֮Уʢѷѡ
书ǿһֱչֻҪϣô˵ġ
һݺ磬ֻҪɹ棬䵽ϣ˿ơ
µʦΣǾǰɣ²Ϊ
СѾͷģĳȴôɲɣҡͷ̾
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Ľȭͬɵܼȣһµġ
ðɣԿҪǿһ£ͷӦˡ
ĸһֱŶ䣬źˣļ٣λʦܵƣģȴҴϣֻ۰Ͱ͵Ķſ
Ӧϲæһлηлη
лңҪлл°ɡڰ֡

²˵ֱһŵǰĽġ
üǣ΢Ʋǿ
΢Ȼһᣬƽƽλһš
Ʊ˰񣬾Ө͸λãʱţԽԽ죬ձӰ
ԼаʱӰȥĽУҲֱӷƮƮغ۾ЩãȻܡ
²˵һǰ˫һ̧Ũü۵Ʈʡ
ʩΪ˫ƣӰꡣ
Ҫ˵Ѿʩչˣֻܰѻ£죬ûʩչ绯ġ
ʹԼΪ֮ʩչ绯֮ʩչһȴˡ
ʱ֮ĽͷڣɢϢΧֻ񿿽ɽҡ
ͷҲŰɢϢ纮һ㣬䳹ǣһһȵϢһ𣬲ûб˴˵һȣȽѭ֮£Ѫҡ֮
ǲ˺һɫĶˣȴΪ
һϢŨü۵Ʈϣſ۾³һ
ƣ˫ֻΪӡȥӲ԰ֽûһѪɫ
Ľƴ󱳣һ֮һһںϣ塣
ԼһӹĽƣʱµɫָ󣬺ָ糣
лηлʦã걧ȭҲֺĽ
Ľ΢Цͷû˵
޼ɣŵģܵþȣİæ´γԣܣ
ǡ˵ӦĽƵĵͷ

˼䣬ЩǱ뿪֮ĽҪȭǣȴˡ
޼ɣҪҸСæ
Ľʲô£
ħŵļһ飬˹ȥ
Ľ΢ЦηҸһȥɣ
СһЦͷ£ӣһȥ
Ľһ£ͷǡ
һۿ˼Լ£ˣܹʱʩȣָԼ书ǿ
书֮ǿĵ˾ŷ̳ʤһԼ书书ںӦòʲô
ߣԼһȥΪħŵӣȫŮӣ˵֪ĵӣԼ༸ĵӣӣŮӣŮϡ
Ľһգ۹뵽Щ޺ηƣǲС
˼Ц㲻صģڣħŵļһ﷭ˣ׽ô£
ĽЦЦǣҲл᳤ʶлηˣ
Цһ£СӣֲðԵߵԭһĨ۵죡
죬û˵Ľһ£ϾЩֻεסˡ
ĽЦЦ֪ʱȥ
õǻָˣϧֻܰ£ﲻǡ
ĽҡҡͷȷʵΪ龭Ҫ̫Ͽ
ðɣȻȥú书ڹɲɣʱһк㡣
ĽЦŵͷǣǵӸǡ
Цһ£תһʧһ֮⣬һٴһ֣ת۹ʧ˸ǰ
Ҳȥɣ£ƮϸȽȽƮϣתʧڰ֮ϡ

Ľص֮󣬼˹̿գϪỪѾҲڣ۰Ͱ͵ĵ
̿ĽĻ㱨ĹЦĽ޼ɣȻܳŹʮУ峤
ϪЦСʦܿǵһŹ֮ˣ
ỪҡͷϧСʦܵģ
㣬Ҳˣ̿۾һɺߵ
ĽЦȷʵˣǺηãȷʵ˾ŹصģҲûʲôֵø˵ġ
̿պǺЦΣȥˣǸ˵£Ȣĵӣ˲ã
ֵúϲ£죬Ľˡ
ϪЦҡͷʦΪô˷ܣʵǱѹ̫ˣǻŮӣʦ޷ͻ
ʦľѧĽ
̿յͷð٣ѧɶúܣʲôȥԼѡɣϪ޼ɽ˵һ
ϪЦСʦܣɣȥ
ĽϪߴ˵룬ȻƮƮ˼Ī⣬¡һ죬ǺȻһڣԼǾ졣


783 ѧ
߰ɣϪЦǰĽ˴Ӷ̤һµ̨ף˶ʮ̨ףǰһ
ĴһģһСҲһ˼޴ܣϰڷһЩ棬һЩ鼮
Ļ书ţѡĵڹķȴϪָָΧ
Ľܣ̾ôĵط
ȻϪЦЦȻ˽ܣõĺöȻǲ٣
ҡͷ̾ϢһϧЩǲûʲôջֻܿųǰǵϱˣ
ĽЦЩǴħϵģ
ħûʲôöϪҡͷ̾ʱã˵Щ书ſпޣֻܰѧˣûʲôõģֻмžѧֵ
ʦָ㡣ĽЦ
ϪĻ澭һ׻ƣĻ羭ûУ
ĽҡҡͷϪǿϧҵĻ뻯澭ϣ绢
ĽЦʦ˵ķУһ֮羭ûƷҲΪա
ķûôġϪҡͷزͬˣ澭羭ڷñ˵澭ǽǶܣ羭ǹ
Ľ˼ĵͷһ
ϪǽԵ澭ȷʵǿᣬǽǿǻ羭뻯˻ͳڹꡣ
˵Ż̧ͷһϱߣһ㣬ĽЦһ£弸˵УΨй̿
ϪȥЦݣ˻羭Ҳ٣Ҫǽ˭һʦɣʦܶɵģǵĻ澭ȼ֮Ԫ羭Ҳɡ
ĽʦֿǺڣ
ʲôϪҡͷЦЦҲͳˣ̫ҲûʲôȤζ
Ľʦֲܼ޻
ţǿԣҪʹһЩҲ١Ϫͷ΢Цʮ޻ûġ

˵ŻĹ˶ߵǰ̧ͷȥֱݶˣվС֮С
ʦܣԼѡɣֻҪϲıѡϪ
ĽͷƮ𣬻ڿУһ㿪ʼѡһǧᣬбк񣬽书š
ĽһֱΪ书Ǿе书ûм֣Ĳ̫һڣɣֻʮ书ˡ
Ϊˣǵ书ޱȣÿһ书û򾫴ʩչһŵֵš
ڽ쿴ôţĽ֪Լˣ书٣ֻԼûְˡ
ϵ£ңŹÿһ书ţһһǷŻȥſһż¡
鼫죬ֻǷһûȥһٶȼ죬һʱܵŶˡ
йĿ֮ܣʹҴҷһ飬ӡԺԼǣʩչطĨȥ䣬һֱԺﲻ
һʱ֮ϲţǧֻ֮ϪȻѡ
ǵԼ˽ٱһÿһһ֣Ҫ÷
ҲǵȻǰ۹ⶼߣһ书Ÿᣬյ
뵽ܶţֱǸԼһ㣬ʵʹ಻ѣ뿴СʦܻһԼʹࡣ
һΪһ¿ôţֱһҸޱȵ£ֻ˲֪ҸȴҲʹ࣬Ҹʹţһĥ˵¡
û뵽ĽֻţϪĿĽСʦܣֻô
Ľһһ̧ۣͷЦ̰ãÿһŶãδʺңֻѾǶˣ׼ֻһģû뵽̰ˣ
Сʦܣ㻹Ϫҡͷ̾Ϣ

⻻ԼûôʦǿԼֻģıߡ
СʦӲƾԼ־׿ջֻѡУҲѹСʦܺ߾ˡ
ʦ֣ҿɡĽŵϡ
Ϫӹˣţʮ񴸣񽣾ӰָúöǾѧ۹ⲻ
ĽЦЦÿɷѧȻŶǶ֮⡣
ʮȭȭΪʩչʯ֮ƣϪһЦ
Ľͷ֪ʩչΡ
ϪⱾȭʦջ׿ˣơ
ĽɻȥϪȭ̫ѣҼһʮȭÿһȭǿһԭȭϵȭ
ĽһǿΪβ
̫ˡϪҡͷЦʦֻȭûȥˣ˵ֻܳȭȭʹ꣬ȥ¥գְֻףȭʵ̫Σˡ
ĽͷЦ澭ҲԦ
Ϫҡͷ澭ʤھȴ񣬻ָҲҪʦȭͺõö࣬ʦ񣬵߶ȭֲһЩĻ羭֪ΣǷҲþû羭ˡ
ĽЦҵҪˣлʦ֡
ϪЦЦ¶Ҳ㣬Ҳ޷Ĳٸľǡ
ڶţЦⱾ񽣾ǴĽޱȣ廹û⽣ҪԼˡ
ĽҿⱾǿҪ
ϪͷţȷʵģǶû񴳹˾Źأȥ壬ѧһѧǵĽŷһ
ĽЦŵͷãǲϽҡ
㲻ܴѧ㣬⽣ӦûģĵӶԽ򶼼ġϪЦ

һţҡҡͷⱾӰָ
Ľüͷһô𣿡
ϪⱾӰָƽ͵ѣҪҵȴ֮٣ǵӰָеˡ
ĽЦЦ޷ԽҲԽԿ
Ϫͷţ⵹ҲǣӰָרŵڹķͷķվɵģ֮ˣ򲻱רȥķֱ߶ͳɣҪרڹķҪЩֵ̫ġ
ĽЦʦ֣Ҿָ͵Ϯʹ໨Ҳֵģ
ϪͷЦðɣȻСʦö⣬Ҳ˵ٻ
ָָܣЦİɡ
Ľҡҡͷʦ֣һȲˣһڳԸӣҪһһģȰˣģ
úãȷʵˡϪЦŵͷЦеĵͲԼĲãٿģ˵иõء
ĽҡͷЦˣͦá
ϪüͷģڣһõģԼ׷ѹһģǻ
ĽЦͷܰɡ
ٿЩɡϪЦ
Ľ룬ҡҡͷʦ˵˵ã˵иõģֱӴ˿ϧ
ԼֱţԵ֮ţֱȻĶ֮УȻԥѡǡ
ܣȻҲĶ֮УϾ̰ãһѡ̫࣬ԼרעģȻԵ˾ģ´ѡǡ
ǺǣСʦѽǹ֣ðɣǻȥϪҡͷʧЦȴõŵ£ѵ֮

峿ʱ֣ĵԺӣĽԡУȭ
ȭ裬ͨСȭȭȭ󣬻ΪĴȭ
ȭȭ輫ʮ񴸣࣬ȭʽ֮ؼĻķӡ
Ƽ򵥵һȭȥȴҪ߱һ죬ȭͷתϡ
һȭһȭĴ΢˯һ㣬̫ȭģû̫ȭת磬ˮϣżֱ׾ٶۣżģ
ʱţģȭͷΧ·ˮɺˮһ㣬΢΢һȦһȦɢȥ
ࣣһ죬ȭͷΧĿը
ȭͷ࣡ͣʮСʯͶԽԽ
顱һ죬һȭ֮󣬷һ죬ش޾ģΧȦһ磬ϵĳƮƮ
仯֮ĽԾɲͣһȭһȭԽԽ̬
ÿһȭ顱죬СԽĳƣʼ޹ģ׹
һһٶȭס˫ͷ䵽ĹвϵĽӡʮӡ֮ͣڵ
ǺƺƵӿ壬ԭݽߵת۹ٴλָ
΢룬ٴλȭʮ񴸡
һȭȭͷΧ羵ѣ顱죬ըһ㣬Ϊˡ
һȭһȭ಻ϣת۹ֵʮȭ󽥽仯ȭͷԽԽ죬ԭڹٶȱٶȣ֮ȭͷէ˲Ѿ顱һ졣
ʮʽ֮ķ֮ż򵥵һȭƽƽһȭתʮѨһѭȭͷҪһתٶϡ
Ľľǿᣬתٶ죬ǳ˵ʮ֮£ԭٶȣԱü졣

ǰȭ֮յ֮ϼӿٶȣʹԭʮ񴸱ģ׹һ㡣
顭һıըΧĿñޱȣǿŰֱ仯޳磬磬磬ԣڴУˡ
һ˽ȭٴͣסʩչݽߵȻ
ҵʱü죬عȫ״̬ʱѾʱ֣̫ա
ȣϣůڶ컹죬ϣůĸоûȱ֮С
羭ı̫Ĺȣϲʲôʱ򶼲⡣
нŲͣſڣȻţСʦܣ
ʦ㣬աĽһʱų
羭ﵽʮһ㣬֮練ƣ̫ƣ뿪ĲݸǵӦ֡
ϴ΢ЦСʦܶ˰ɣ
һľϻԼһͿᣬżصɫʡ
ĽЦʦˡ
һ˿ʲôЦӯӯСͤľϻ򿪣ʱ˱ǣˣһ࣬мͷ
СʦҪȾ𣿡Цʡ
Ľҡҡͷˡ
Цʦ˲ٵĺþƣϲü̳
Ľڰ֣СͤһЦǿǶʦֵӣҿɲҺȣ
ʦỪΪþƣȺþƣ˶룬˶õˣȻ˺þơ
ղ˲ٵĺþƣֻʦϪʦ̿նϲƣֻһ˺ȡ
һ˺ȾҲûʲô˼ȤúܣŪ˲ٵĺþƣȴڼȵú١
Ľ°ЦʦֿŴϴһȴϲӹš

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ۣ֮Ȼû뿪Ժӣȴ֪飬ûдʦʦֵӰ뿪ġ
ȥˡĽ档
ĽЮ˵Ŀһͣסһüͷ̧ʣˣ
ͷţеΧȥˡ
Ľüʦͬˣ
ţӶݽȥˣ˹æʦʦֻܳüһ˿ǡ
Ľҡͷǻ治ԣ
ԭħŵģû뵽ħŽƾͼƣ˴֣񶯾ֵòС
Ľüʦôȥ
һ£Ľæʦ㣬ֱ˵ˣûôʦô˵ˣ
̾Ϣһҡͷ˵ֻһɣṦҲԵе书ȴûȥҲ޲Σա
Ľε̾˿ͷʦȷʵʵ飬Լȥ޲׸
Լ̫ƣûһս̫֮ƶԸħŵļһӦ㹻ˡ
Щź̾Ϣǻû
ƿˡЩǡ
ĽЦЦʦİɣʦֶʦǼʹУҲ£бѧأ
ıѧȷʵһһӣûס˷ģӲôᡣ
Ը˰ɡǿЦЦ
ĽԹ緹οЦЦſʼ书տʼʮ񴸣Ŷûʼ
ԼһʮһҪԽԽһѣԼһš
ʣʮһôˣҪʱú
˵ĴԼ̫ƥʤ̫ƣѡһȭȷʵˡ

˰ʱ֣֮ۿϪỪȷʵˣһŭϢϣƺԴɱ״̬
Ľûᣬװ֪ȭʱһȥԷ
ÿ쵽һԷĴͳˡ
һԲνľŰᣬźܸɾĽϪ򸾣Ừڷ򸾣й̿գһԷ
̿ԾɵûȢˣͯӹһ㣬Ľ֪飬ŴֵģȴǸ֮ˡ
̿һϮۣһͷݺҧһڣ̧ͷԸϪú˵˵
λʦܵ书ˣϪһɫࡣ
Ừں޺޵֪ˣԭħų˸һ±չ꣬һγˣͷ鷳
Ϫ׿ƣи񱣬ǲɱˣֻ书
׿ơ̿૵ҡҡͷû˵ˡ
Ừںߵǰģ˵˹ˣеһ书Ϊħŵһ֣
ħһ֣̿üͷһ˼
ϪỪڶһۣȻĽ˸ɫæͷԷĽ֣ȴҲûʣһĬֻͷԷ
̿ƺ˻У˫ʧȥ˽࣬һŴ⣬̫ȥˡ
Ļ̌ͷһֿۣϪỪڣֻǴɫʾҪʣϽԷ
ĽŹ̿գɫãϲŭۣöˣʱףʦأ
δȢȴˣ⼫Ƴ֮ظ谭谭ǧٹ֣޷ĴĦˡ
Цһ£ҲͷԷһѾԺ˷ڹ̿Ѿѹˡ
̾Ϣһһ֣׿ƺ֣
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ʦ书ʵѲ⣬ʤĬ类ˡϪ
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Ϫһ£ʮˡ
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ĵӣ̿¶Цݡ
Ľüʮ壿
η˺ôƢϪҡͷЦ£Ц̾˿˵ܾˣûʩչ绯ֻܵһȣȳԵҩţһº˵
Ľ̾ϢһηѾˣ˵ٳȥû
һǲϪΪȻҡͷЦʮ˽һȥǲа˱˶Ȼ£û뵽һɰѺηˣˣǲţ
Ừµĵηˣ
Ƣá̿յͷ׿ʹʲô书
ûӦòħŵ书Ϫҡͷ¿뿪ߣԱߵĿմ
ҲỪҲ¿Ϫǰ
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ƮƮһĳỪںһ
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Ľ׺񽣣ָ輫ӰָȻ׺ȣ·
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׷˴ֳ˳ȥ׷Ľǡ


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ĽһֱĹƣץöӣʱ׼ʱţüͷԽԽ
Լһյʱ䣬ĽҡҡͷٵˣԽԽͣ磬ŮܲסˣҪ
һ£ջӣγ׽ƮԾսȦУûн⣬Ѿһ˼
񽣾ǿһȥԷӦѾнһɢȥ
һˣƣ˻˹֮Ϊϵ⡣
Ľȴˣûٸһɱ˼һˣٶ磬˲С
Ṧһ㣬һգ۱ˣŮֻѹʱǣʮѹȥʱγ˽־档
Ľʣſ֣һŮԼһӹʮ޾Уذɡ
һʱҪۼǶԽԽҪ֮ʣȻһХ
Хף˶ը죬ʮħŵӶʱɫһ䣬ϲԭ͵κȻӿ졣
Ľü֮ȥֻһȰӰȽȽƻʵת۹˽ǰ
էһ֣ٴηһХХűըΪһХѪӿ
Ľü꣬˳˫ƺǰ⣬ǣ͸ӺݣǺŹӡ
ĽһۿΪѷԼȳ˶һ㣬ֹȣ˽ǰŶ֣С
üһ֮Ȼȵǿӣ
Сͷһ乺飬һʲôˣ
׿ƣ걧ȭ

СȻϹâǣŤͷ׿ƣ
ң׿Ƴͷɨһ۶ħŵӣٿһΪȰӹˣӹ֮ʣֱһơ
һֱĽס֮˿һ㣬ҪͻƼѡ
׿һǶʱһ漴ȴɫ΢䣬һȻûܰɢֻɶһָֻ֮ԭ״
׿Ʊû⣬ֻĳһƣɹһȥ㲻ᣬƳ˵飬ҲһƮƮصһ󣬰Ĵ
üٴζһۡǰ֮³һѪȴ¶ϲɫ
ɿƣˣ˷ֱ³һѪĽ
ĽЦЦûᣬ׿ƣĽ˵ۼȷʵ鴫侲Ϊ֪ǸѲĽɫС
Сȵ»ת
ŮٿļӿٶȣʱǣһŮΧʮ˶ʱɳȥˡ
׿Ƽ״ɫ΢䣬ƮƮһԾס˿еˣ֮󣬵ͷһǵƣнλõָȻ£һŮߣһ⣬ʱ˸ħŵӵУŮ
磬ߣȵ£
˸ħŵŴ⣬æĺˣס֧סԼˮ˥ߣϱҪֲסˡ
СߣôĿ
ŮĽγһԲ£Լѹ׿ƣ׿ƽ磬Ƕ죬ȴ޷ƿǵĽ⡣
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һ̫죬üȴײ£⧲ֱ񣬹ؼʱ㿪ˣȴ˶˽
Щգ̤ǰৡ̳磬ղʩչĽͬٶȸ졣
׿ƸҪŽɢʱȴµĽ裬ֻεܿµķâ

һŮתʱǣٴΰ׿ѹסˣ׿һ߻ӽһƮƮһĳһơ
һƾȴǹüüѾ׼ĳӲסƾ
ʱ˾һ𣬴ѷѽ⣬׿ƵĽռˣѹƣ·磬Ʒ죬ÿÿڹؼʱܹһơ
ĽһԹ۲׿ƵƷƷͷһμһδʦ˵ʱܺ棬һӣܴﵽЧȴţۼ˼۱˰
ҡͷʧЦԭ
׿ƵƷƮƮһĳʵȴָǼָһͨÿָı仯Ʒ
ָϢƣΪ
Ľ񣬸о΢ͨ׿ָ֮ı仯˳̾
ܶ෨ģ⣬ҪﵽЧûòˣȴûӡ
뵽ķӣָ֮Ҳǹֲˡ
ûų֣ŮռϷ磬ȻһʱȥʤĻǡ
׿ȻΪԼ൱סŮĽһֱ·磬Ʒˡ
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ȻȴȱҲ㣬ʺʤ࣬ս֮ʱǵԵûơ
һԵȫעڶԷʹ䣬ֻҪСһҲܷס
Լһӹ׿ƴЦһúãĵӹȻ鴫
Сߣ׿Ҳ鴫
Ҿ͵ˣ׿ƴЦţָ£ʱһ˫
˫һ֮ʣ˻Ϊһ̣Ůת⻯Ϊһ㺮ǣʮΧŮ
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ŮĽν޷죬ƾǣֹȴֲ˺ãͽ޹
Ľͷ̾ĵȷʵס
ת۹ٶйȥ׿ƵĽԽԽ죬˼Ӱӣס
ĽüͷṦȷʵֲħŵ޼ɵṦԱ
룬еȴ֣ܶŮܹ£Լٲ֡
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һ죬ºȻһ⣬һ£׿ƵĽʱû
һˮ̣ת۹䣬ŮֻΪսУ䵽·硣
׿绯ΪˣŮȫԼս


787 
Ľ̾׿ƵĽṦһ˶ŮǲУһ˽ȴռϷ磬תơ
Ľγ׽Ʈһ׿󣬳һ
һСָ󽣾ʩչӰָ
񽣾磬˲䵽׿ƱĴ׿ֻ֮ܿ
ӰָȴָܲϢػȻһ紺ûһ˿ɱ뺮⣬壬Żᱩ
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ͣȻһشǣ·׳һȦ
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ĽȻ׽Ȼ̲ȥǴʯһתɢ޵Ϲ⣬͡һ´̽ؿڡ
׿ƾ㵵ĵĽɫǺ죬ŭ
Ľ΢΢һЦ׿ʧˣ
˵հγ׽ʱһѪһܹ׿Ļ񹦣
Ů߳У磬׿һŤŮ壬ȴյģһӰˡ
ѾĽ󣬽ؿڵ˿ѾֹסѪ˫磬罣һɱĽ֮ơ
ĽƮƮһ̳˽ڿײĽһȴˣһһ̡
Ľһ⣬Ĵ죬Ľһ׿Ƹ̤ǰơ
Ľ·磬ʵ׿ƵĹŹ֣Ľͨ˻ȥ޷ɡ
һһˣ죬ŮͣһԹۿ׿Ľĸ
û뵽Ľտʼ񽣾׿ƴƽ֣ԼϣýǲС
Ľ֮У׿΢Цбһܿһƣ׿ۣЦУһĳ
Ľ˺һܿӿƾһ׿ɫ΢䣬֪ĽܹƽԼֻơ

зɱֻĶžѧʤˣһξȻƽˣ˾
뵽ٴγХһؿڱһѪȴȻˣԭһӰѵĽ
ĽһƮƮ̳ǻȴޱȡ
УĽ»һԲб̫ϡ
׽ϢȴѸ⣬һգ۹򹥳ʮ
˸˽ߣһĽѹ׿͹׿սˣɫ԰˼֡
ղһһȴδܽļһ֪ɱĽˡ
ЦһãǼʶˣ֪ո
ĽЦЦ޼ɣ
ø壬ø޼ɣ֮ͣձص𣡡׿˺һȦ⣬ȭЦһתͷ߰ɣ
ʮħŵӦһݺݵĽǣȻ˵ļƮˣת۽˽֡
׿ƴǶˣתͷɨһŮЦ壬Ҳסˣǣ
˵һʧ
ŮҲû֪ǳҲ̽书һοûôˣһҪסѣذ׷ѹ
ʧСŤͷЦʦܣζ
Ľҡҡͷʦˣֻǳûռռ˰ˡ
ʦ񽣾ǡÿС׽ʰ
ĽЦҪλʦָ̣
СЦǲָģǷϣܶһ£һã£
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һ˵Żһߣһλس˳˳ûܿص˸Եɽ塣
ص֮󣬸̿ϪỪ˵һľԼֻƵ˵
ʦͽ˻Ȼ򣬵ͷѡ
Ȼֻ֪ʵָ޷ƽ⣬ָͼĽӰָһ㣬ʤ

ĽúңԼȥ壬Ůֽ̽һ
һɾŷ嶼ɽڷϿ书һ׿ƣþŷǸ־ӿҪħ³
Ľʮ񴸣񽣾죬羭Ľȴ졣
羭˵ʮһ֮Ҫ¿ʼӵ㵽ʮһ㣬ظβųɣ񲻹ظڶΡ
ƣҪ̤ʮ㻯Ҫ飬⻹ÿεЧ˥㵽ֹ顣
䲻̤ʮ㣬ǲͣΪԽ
ʱ֣壬ȥ;ȻһȺס·
Ľüɫº͵ʮˣλʦֲ֪кιɣ
ʮΪһΰ֣ԲԲӣСС۾һЦһ𿴲ˣϸŮӣʵָ֣Ǹӵܡ
Цеıȭ޼ʦܣ
Ľͷǣ֪λʦմ
⴫Цеĵ
Ľһǵţʦ֣
ŵƳмֻȣĽԺһ֪ĵӡ
Ǻǣ׾ͺã˵㴳ľŹأҲǣ⴫Цеʵ
Ľͷ
⴫ǺЦܴŹصģΪֹֻʦһˣܲʶһ£
Ľ΢΢ЦЦǺηðˣҵ汾£ʦλ̫ˣ
⴫˸ʦ˵Цúηǿɱȵ컹ѣǾŷܷĲ֪ûһģ
Ǿǣʦαǫ飡һݵҡͷЦĵڰ֣ǿɲôƭ

ĽЦЦλʦҪΣ
Ȼʦָܶඣ⴫ǺЦҲһ´ŹǺεȵӢ
Ľ˿ǲӦλʦֲҹȥǲǣ
ٺ٣ʦˣ⴫Ц۾ˡ
ĽͷǺãֻܹλʦգ
úãˬ죡⴫ǺЦŤͷɨһˣĸʦܵĸУ
ʦ֣գһϳ̵ٺЦһߵǰΣһ̣мɲ
һ˫ӥ˫΢ţӥС㶢Ľ
ʦܣҪɱ֣⴫Ըһ䡣
ְڰ֣һ߶Ľһ߲شʦַģһֵģ
Ľ΢΢һЦû˵
գγƽƽ𣬳Ľһָʦܣаգ
ĽͷʦСģ
γ׽һ̣˲䵽˰ǰѸײڶ֮ƣûܷӦ
顱һ죬˳ȥ
Ľսȭ΢Цʦ֣ã
ɳ⣬ǱأϷǺŭĽ˫ۺ䣬Ŀ絶а
Ľ΢Цʦ֣ǲΣ
ãŭһϣΪһֱһɾܾɭɷ
ĽҡҡͷȴӲҪʤԼ쿪
ͨӰָ֮УһΪǳ
룬ʱ͵ҲǺ£ûȥϢǿΪչֳЩԻ֪ѶˣûȤ
뵽ˣϢתػһˣƮվڴ˫䣬ħһ㡣

԰һȭȭͷǰ淺һˮ淺һ㡣
һ죬˳ȥһɳȥ
һɳʮ⣬ˤϣȴûˣһֱӷԾĽ
Ľ΢Цȭʦ֣ã
ǿʤҲ֪ԼǶ֣ٴȥȡ裬ҡҡͷҧãǴŹصģ
Ľתͷ⴫ʦ֣λҪԣ
⴫ɫÿС۵ɴԲ°һ㣬ͷúãԭʦز¶Ȼ
Ťͷˣҡͷѣûһġ
ĽϵϢӿȣ罭Ӿһ㣬һҪϯȥ޷Կأʵǿηɲ
ǾٴҲײУԼ˳ȥҲסοǶǾ
Ľ΢Цҿ𣿡
ǺǣðҲеʦܣǽһΣ⴫Цеĵ
ĽüͷȻʦ£Ե㣬롪
֣λʦֿ书ǿԼĶ֣ȴԼȻѡ
廨ŵĸ־ѧΪϲ볤һʶ鷳˷ܲѡ
ãǾͱһƷ⴫Цеĵ
˵һ̤ĽǰƮƮһưӯţʱһˣֺԲһλѹӣ˵Ʈݡ
Ľ¶Цݣıʵľѧһ书ǽľѧ
ӭȥҲһơ
˫ཻ顱ƽըףӲݷ׷ױߣɳһ±ƽ̹⻬Ǳɨ
Ľһ˫ƽһƺƴ
һҲĽ⣬û뵽⴫һƴȻǲԼģԼ̹ǡ

ĽȻȻһȵϢĴһպ˵
ĽüͷһЦתת˲ڻתΪԼ
ǸĽ֮Ѿһĳ̶ȣһ˾
ʵʵâǶԸһˣԸĽȴС׼ףŪ
Ľһĵع𣬡顱һ죬⴫˳ȥԶԶɳȥʮԶ
⴫ƮƮأԼһ㣬ھ֮ʣȻʧǴûгֹ
⴫¾죬ܽ˾΢زǾˣλʦܴŹأȻѧԳ֮
ʦ֣ˣĽȭͷ΢Ц
⴫ҡͷȭʦܹȻǸʰ·磬ˣǣ
˵˵߰ɣ
˻뿪ˣת۹ʧ١
Ľεҡͷͬʦ֣ʵڲ֣ҪҲʣֻ֪Ѷˡ
Щ֪ˣһֱ뿪ûپȥ鷳ɱֲɱֲˡ
ƮƮ£ȴмϥڷ£һϢûĵ
Ľ⼸ˣһˣòãΪüͷһɻԻôῡܡ
˵Ϊ䲻ԼѵõĸֻȶʦỪڲһ֣˵ܴùỪڡ
Ľ룬˵ɫͬȻɽ壬ľӢ
ÿһɽ˲ţֻٰˣҽ񣬶壬Ҳ̫Զ
ˣһֻ۾̧ͷһۣٴεı۾Ϣˡ

ĽҡͷЦЦҲٶ˵ƮڿеһʯڣȻҡϣƣ䵽˷嶥λá
̧ۿһĽ¶һ˿Ц⣬Ҫ壬ո˵ɵ󵨣Ӳģ
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ףѵһ޼ɣŹصǸ޼ɣǾ֮ʣҲŽͷ
ߣǸһҪƾŹصģʱڹŹأ
ûӣҪԼȥṦҲͲС
Ƿ׷תͷһ꣬¶ɻ顣
òӢ޳ҡҡͷǷϵӣ
һԲЦеʣǷĵӣղõѵӥ׾裿
ӥ׾衣ͷҡҡͷҲĵӣġ
ӥ׾ǲĶžѧ⴫ģȲǷϵӣôѧṦ˲ʡ
Ҳǲ⣬һ£ȻƵͷԭǵӥ׾ֻһ֮ˣ޼ɣ޼ˣ
޼ɣ˾Źص޼ɣֲȥԭ޼ɣ
ж֮ɫ޼㣬δһֻҪ˾Źأ壬ĵһˮ¥̨ȵ£Ļᱧ˶顣
˶Ǿŷһܱȣǲòķפ֮Чòȥʵǵ񣬳Ϊϵ¡
ңǵ书Ǿʵˣ֮ɷޣʵȻ洦
봺绯ǱľѧȢķѧԼ˼ഺòҪ
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еʧģ徲⼸겻˴أˡ
ĽŹصϢһʱһɷһǶĽ棬ߣԭϨĻԭ

˶ǸԷеĶ֣һ̽һ£ŹصױûףǲĺηҪѵǼ޳ȥԷҪ
ѵãˣǴŹأϹϵܹ˶飬òûı䣬ηû˼һҲº֡
̣Ըֻһӣֻȴû˹嶼ˡ
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嶥䳡ϣŮһ׽ûԾͣתݡ
ɭɭ鲼գֻһ⣬ǵӰӣϢдɭȻɷ˵Ĺޡ
Ľû΢΢ЦվһԹͣ׽нתÿ˵ľ彣нһγĿЧû취壬ҪֵֻƾԼĸо
Ľ΢ЦԼ֮ʱôۣ֮Լ۾˺ܶƣһֱ۾ϰ߰ˡ
֮۹֮µ磬˫ۿõḻø
ʱһ˵۾޷彣ʽ֮ȴɼ˺֡
Ľһһ̾ĽȷʵؼÿһӶԽ򶼳һ
һѵõԣʲô˶ãʹһЩ֮ˣҲѾ߱ԡ
Ľãķ£ҪǵķҲǿ֮Ҫʣơ
һԹۿһشǣɭɭһ°ĽС
Ůȣ潣ߣ˲ĽΧʱǵصĽӿҪɡ
Ľγ׽񽣾磬Ĩһһ񵲴ĳŴݲȣȴÿһ

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ĽβֻǻӽһһסŮĳȻǳò
ĽǴ˾ŹأŮӮýңʦãȫʦãĴأġ
˶ĽʵǲΪȻȻһԼȥ
һγȥĽ׿ƣǴС˵ۼΪʵΪ飬ǲûᣬԻЩΪȻ
ʱĽ˵ΧУȴ磬·磬׽ǳˣ֧סίʵǾ졣
˵ûܰ߷£һо֧ôУĽǾСˡ
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С߳ʦǣǲܱСˣڶ䣡
ǣŮУʱһ䣬ɭɭˮһ⣬ǵĽˡ
Ȼˣȴǿ˼֣ĽֻԼվںΧ޴ӿ
ÿһҪܵƽʱüʮĵԵֵƽʱʮС
Ľüͷһ΢ЦȻˮĥ򣬰ԼۿˣԼķڷ
Ȼ֪ԼĵϸҪԼۿɲ£ԼĹǿǿᣬԶһ˿ɱȣƺƣûľ֮ݡ
ˮ಻Īľ˿һһȦһȦÿһȦһϵԽԽǿ
Ľһ߻Žһ߳ǵĽȷʵǽϵȻԼϱ˴˽渴Ӷ
ĽھĲݼãжƻľתƣԿŮѹƣ߾ȫӦԣû·硣

йǽϵԽԽǿԼпƲס֮УĽ磬û֮ס
ȥۿ壬ȵȥ
СȣѽȻǾ͵䣡
ǣŮȣ͸˷顣
ٴһ䣬ˮʱΪˮӿʱǵضϣȴնԱߵͬ鳤ײ
ǳཻȴϢȴӿһײ׵硣
һĽΧӿΧЩƲסˣҪʩչǧ׹վȡ
Ծ棬һĽǽȫ֮⣬γһӣ֩
΢׽ӣϹһӶȴڸľᣬһҵͷѰ϶
һһأΧ
˿ȥǵЩ֣ŮӽӽҲǣʹ񻥲ɡ
˺ѿɱĽ
Ľ̳ʮ֮;Ϣ֮Уͨ⽣ĽΧһɽһҪѹ⡣
Ѱ϶ҷжȥһѾԹԵͶˡ
ʹزԶԶմȥȻܹȥһҲֲ˼С
Ľ˼άתһͷת˲ţޱȣ˫һɣ׽͵һֱ̣С
ȥղɣҪǵĽ󣬲ǣűߣ󲻽ջΪ򵥵ģֻһʮᣬ淨ֻܶסһ˱ǡ
СЦһʦܣҪС
Ůӿ죬Ľֻӿʱ֧ŲסŤ£һ㴩ٿŮ֡
Ľʣæȭλʦ㣬ˣ
ŮԾԾٰΧסˣֻεķ˼ջسĵҡҡͷ

ʦܣ㵹֪ȤСʣߵܵס䣬أ
ĽЦʣʦ㣬ʲô󣿡
콣󡣡С
콣󣿡ĽЦЦѵĽ󣿡
СǷŴĽء
Ľһͷ˼ׯ࣬ĵ֮һŽ̫ѣһ׽ȴףѧԨ֮ҪΪϿʮڴһŽ
׽ǿηƣʹʩչ˴Ҳѵס
콣һ䣿Ľʡ
СЦű䡣
ЦôʦǲǲҪеľű䣿
ĽͷʵҪ༸䡣
СҡͷЦǿҪһǻûأֻ䡣
Ľͷת⣬˵м˵ţǲˣҪ绯


788 
СƲƲ죺ǣߣһȺûȤģ
ôˣĽЦʡ
СҲѧһŹأΪСʦãƴĴأأߣ
Щ˵˼ǶúܣǲмΪòΪ˴绯ûЩǲŲ
ĽЦҿǶǸ֣˵ܴŹء
ΣСмʦܣ㴳ʱʦֻʮУܳŵùľŹؿɲʮУһУ
ĽЦͷ˵Ҳ֧ŲסηһС
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°һۣһţ֪Ľô
ħŵӱϾħŵӣ־ᶨ̱ƹûõģħŵ书ʹһϣǲûԹ
Ľбķӣ֪ʲô֮
Ľ˷֣վм䣬˫Ų˵վȻ΢һƬ̺˫ִͷ䵽˫ӡãӡ
һӡڵƬ̺˫̧𣬲ͣıӡȻְڰٻᣬһ
ʮκ֮˫뿪ٻᣬֱ꣬˫ֽӡǰٻѨϣţ£Ṧķ
ŶЩ棬ͷʲôṦ
һֱɴ˫ۣźݺݵ£һ㣬Ҫ˺Ƭ
Ľǲ磬վ룬޷Ťͷֻŭ¡
ѩǵŭɶƽ죬޸ţƽƽĿˣ޲

ºȻŤͷĽǲǵѨ𣿡
ģ֪ĽѾѨ罩ʬһ㣬ʹҪشҲܡ
Ľ˫ۣعǻزشֻʾͺãÿ飡
䲻ԣȴʣͷʵʲôṦ
Ľ΢һƬ̺ͷ½һ飺ʲôṦ
Ľٴεͷ֮ʵһʲô
Ľ¶Цݣͷ¶֮ɫû뵽˴ԼԭҪһ£ʵġ
ͷһ飬һ顣
ڶʲô½ʡ
֮ʣķھһ䣿
֮ʵľʲô
˷ʣģ꣬ƽƽˣȫĶĽϣӦ˼ָС
ʵʮʲôʱĽ۾ջ˫֣ӡع鵤ȻɼΡ
ۣһֱæʣô
Ľ¶ЦݣףȥҼʿ
أһָꡣ
ĽӵϣһѨԽ⣬ˡ
µͷ⣬һһӡǱģ˷ǡȵһ
ĽЦȥˣͲˡ
ô֪룿ʡ
óĽǿ̽ǵͷԲ˵ôʵ档
ĽЦЦǷŵһط


791 ˽
طµ
ĽЦȻطǲ˵ġ
ðɡµʳǵķ
Ľͷţѱ棬ʿźá
¿ٶʣ˲ϵħŵӣƮ϶Уν仯
ԭǷܲվ֮ϣɽƽƽɽҲ˼֡
Ľ֮۹۲⣬Χĵ϶仯ԽԽƽ̹ƽԭ֮ơ
ΧƻΪܲüΪߴ׳ȾŷΧĽʢ֡
˶ʮȻͣסǰĸӹĽĿѯʡ
ĽͷƮϣ׺ǵһƬտĵطͣ¡
ЦеתͷһĽΧڵС
һߴЦһʲôˣ
Ľüɻ֪꣬ôԼ˵ģԼµΪʤ˵ģȴƫƫǷˣίʵ֡
µʲôˣ
ǲǵˣһɵģߴüɫ࣬´ˡ
͸ϣ䲻ȴʢȻһĽϴˡ
Ľ̽̽˵书䲻ԼȴҲ׿Ʋࡣ
Ľһʹ˸ɫͬʱνʣĽ˷ꡣ
׽ģȵĽӿĽ⣬ˣνӭ
˸ŰνʣһҪ˶סˣȻ׽ġ
ĽµĽǴһһУֻ콣ֶ֮
㽣ϻ죬޴֮С

Ľµıǿᣬ˵ĽȴԶ˶֣ĸռƣĽѹڴ򣬴Ǻ޻֮
ĸ˶ԼµһϾˣһͷܰԼ򷭣ʱ֮֡
֮ǿɼһ㣬գ۹򣬻ûüѶţĸѾס
Ľ¶һۣ¶΢Цû뵽Ե
ʩΪȰ˵ѨˣȻ˫ֽӡֱ𰴵ͷṦķ
֮Ľ԰׵ǵѨԽ⣬ҪһĹ򣬵ʱѾǧ֮ˣںǵı
ƮƮǰһɽ֮£Ľ֮۴Χụ̂˾סҵһɽȡ
ɽȼΪΣĽۣ֮ҵõڴһƬ׺ԡ
ɽȲΧïܵĽ֣һˮ̶Բˮ̶ֱԶһ澵ӵӳգƣγޱȡ
ˮ̶Χ̲ݣïܵĽ֣һЩСҰɽӣ¹ӣȵȡ
Ľµֱ֮ó׽ýһСľݣСľ⣬ˮ̶Ա߽һ齣ϡ
ˮӳµӣݹԽĶˣ·ʳ˼̻ӡ
£ҰṦķɣĽ΢΢Цһȣˡ
¸о񣬸ܵĽ鶯ƵӸһ죬æͷţʲôṦ
ǻݵĽ
ָ̧֣ɽüλãλǹؼ֮Ѩλ׽֮ˣϲݿ
˿ñͽţ㲻ͣƮУ²ʩ֬⵭㣬ˡ
ʳָüм䣬ʱһ

Ƭ̺Ľջָӹâ˸˼⡣
ι˫ĿȻĽǶݵ
Ľͷȷʵɣ
ͷֲħŵβṦȻԶԶ磬ӥ׾ܱȵ𣿡
Ľҡͷӥ׾軹һ
¶һ˿Цݣˣ׶ݵҲˣǲٲˣ
漴һæҪŷ壬
ĽЦأ
³һ£ǴŷɣһɵĵӾͲ·磬ˣ
ĽЦŵͷã˵ŷ壬Ǿʹŷ壡
һЦ棬޾ףʢѩЩŵʣ㡭Ӧˣ
ĽЦ˵ˣܲӦ
ǹ˫ֺʮмĽ
ĽЦŰ֣ҲħṦ۸һɵĵӣȻҪǺÿģ
ھͻȥɣµ
ĽЦô죿
µΣܰṦ͵Ѿ㹻ˣ̽ħŵʵҪ
ݵһɵҲʮɽһħŵգؽƾˡ
ܰݵȥһи̣ǰװ׵ȥֵ̫ˡ
Ľ룬ͷţҲãȻȥһˣѶݵȥٻƣ
¶Цݣæͷˣ
ȥȴûߣȿʼ׶ݵҪһ٣һǼٵģȻܴȥģ֮ٶȸ죬ȥҲףνĥ󿳲񹤡

ݵһޱȵṦķҪ󲻸ߣĲȴҪ󼫸ߣмķţû洫еİᱻ͵ѧȥ
Ľ书ѧ֪ʶհһţһһĹ򣬱㽫׶ݵѧˡ
ֻǲ˻򣬵ṦĻͨ·ǿ뿪Сɽȣȥ
ʱֵ峿СɽסһҹϢһӣޱȡ
ʩչĶǶݵһʮԶ紫˵еسɴһ㣬·Ϊ죬̲סҪЦ졣
峿ıƣɴסɽֵĿʶ£鲻ɵ泩
ĽȴȻɫ΢䣬£
ŤͷĽҡͷǰ˵أ
ѾѶʡ
ǣĽķѨģûж˵û뵽Աǰһ
Ҳûеģˮڣûʲôˣһ·ɱȥˣǵסԼ˵ġ
ԱģȻ֪˵ûʲôģĽˣ
ĽҡͷЦʮ
üԸˣ
Ľ̾˿ͷһԣǲܾսҪսپһߣȥǣ
µͷţʮΪϲߣ
ŻΣֱṦԽŲߣɢй䣬ȻԵá
ˣڰĶʮȴ޲ֱ˴ſ¡
Ϊ׵ûзǲöֻɽˮ㿿һ
ĽȻҡͷ̾£⴦ܣǸĺó֪ûˣ
ĴԶԶ˿ȥеĶʮ˶ʱһģѵСӷˣ
漴ҡͷ񶨣ķŵƨˣĻɢ˵˵ȻԵã

ЦţǸĺõط˵ˣҪðԿ
ҲãС޴Ľͷӻͳһӣ͵˿ȥ
ӻΪڹԶʱƺ
ĽüͷһȻ£û뵽汻˲µˣţ
Цһηʥͷ¶β
ʮƮȰΧˣŶˣ޲ðǳһ㣬ǵĽǺЦ
ӿ⣬ʵȴ⣬ٶ죬ʤеĶΪ֮ˡ
һʮˣֻʣ˶ʮ书ǿ˶ӻУڵϲܶ
һɵİɣһԲüʡ
Ľͷ֪ͺãʮɽֵģħţһ𣬺α؆
ԲЦúãһɵͷڹڿϳˣϢˣ
ĽһЦǲǰˣЩħʵڲ֪ߵغΪǲǣ
٣ǣ㵹˵úԲҡͷΪȻЦƾһɣ
Ľƾǵ书Σǲһһɵľѧ
ȻңǣԲЦЦĿϣ֪λķӣ
µ壡
ŶԲȻŤͷĽ㾹ĵӣ
Ľģ֪Ҳ֪ŷİҲŹĴԲŻ˵ľȡ
ĵ۸ڶ˲мһ˵ģȴԼһһȷʵЩףҲѹ顣
ĽԺǽǺһЦӣ
һ壬һ壬ٺ٣Ī˵ЦգԲҡҡͷЦ˭֪ͷ

ͷĵôһ𣬼ʹΪħŵӣʶ׵ġ
˲ŵĵĽŭ
ĽЦЦǰŲţʹһϣ㶯ְɣن˷ҵʱ䣡
úãǾͲˣԲЦһ֣һϣۣ
ϣ˻ӽ
Ľʩչ˱ʱⱩǣ˰У޷죬޷ơ
ʮ಻ϳ壬һ˰ȴ罸ʯȵӰ죬ԹԵĻŽһһһһĽںһ𣬺гݣ棬Ŀ
ת۹˻ӳһû֮񣬷ԽĽԽԽΧԽԽ㡣
Ľ̾ȻħŵӵṦ߾ҲȴûнĽȻǲһЩ
Ṧ߾˿ˣһ޷ֵ
ʮ˵Χȫӳʮ˵ȫʵܴһ˷ѵˣ˴˱˴ˡ
ǻĵӣɽɾ;ˣĽҲһܽӵס
֮ĽҡͷħŵӲˣʧǵģ
رǣĽһ߻ӽһƶŲƮƮУʮ˾Ȼ޷סֻܸһߡ
˽˸һˣƬ̱߳Զʮ˸û취赲˵ٶԽԽ졣
죬ħŵӵṦǿһֱ׺󣬻ӽֻ޷ĽⲻЧˡ
ʮĽµĽԽԽʢǶʮѹҲѹסˡ
ʮ˷˺ݾƴΧǣǣҪ²ɣ˱ĻǿʮħŵԽԽģԳ

Ľת۶µ£ǲˣְɣ
ףٴαǣɢΪһϴһ˲ʮ˵ȥ
˵ĽżֱȻǣȴûҪֻҪú˱޴󰭣ʱû˶ֵ
һƬ׹ɢȥʣ༸˵壬ĵˣζֲʵĵˡ
ĽһЦתƮƮȥ
һ׷ˣʮˣûгɹĽµĽԽԽ򾫵Ȼһ¥
ڶʮ˵İΧУ˴ݶ谭ڵİʱֻص塣
ĴڣĽվһ̫ʦźȵˡ
ɴ̴΢ţһľȣʧе£˵ʲôݵ
ʱϦ£һ̫գõϼӳŵ˵ӣͶ
µͷʦȷʵ˶ݵѾѧˡ
˵һسںǰ漴һʧǰŤͷѾվԼ
ǶݵЩʡ
µͷǸħŵӱʳģˣ
԰ɣüҡҡͷħŵӿɲй¶׹򣬼ʹ̱ƹҲɣʲôӣ
ҡҡͷʦǲ˵Ҹұ֤ݵһģѾˣûз״
ĽµãһĽʲôطõṦطֲ֪
޼ܸز¶ʵĪ֮Уһ˵ģ
Цһ£һۣŮ򣡡ţðɣҲʱǣݵΣ
Цʦֽīһã
ɣϴµǰԵһ赽Уĥ⡣
Ҳƴǣ˱ʣīؼʣߣת۹һǳɣ˱ʡ

±ʺ˵ʦ޼ݵŷӣÿ˶ϰ
šһŤͷĽ
Ľȭηȫ
ģüʡ
ĽͷѧṦħŵٺòҺֶΪ
ʦ˵𣿡ʡ
ĽҡͷʦҲӦҵģ
ҡͷ̾ɵСӣȥʦһ°ɣݵħŵĶžѧͬСɣɲһС£
ĽҡҡͷˣΣҪѶݵȥģѧ˼ֱܵı£Ȼѹùħţ
̫ҡͷħѹùǿɲΪṦ
ĽȻʣʲô
ҡͷ̾Ϣһе鲻֪Ϊã֮㻹Ǹʦ˵һΪ
ĽĿһͷãһȥʦ˵
ȥɣϢ˵ڰ֡
ĽµһͷȻȭת뿪塣
ܿص壬ʱλʦֶڣ˵ȥķˣֻʦ̿ڡ
Ľ㽫ľ˵˹̿Ľ˵õħŵṦķݵ̿մǳԾ⡣
һɾŷħŵṦʹṦħŵ޼ɵƣ򲻹ܣһɵĵ޿κΡ
ָоǲãֻܱȴȥˣܲƣʶṦķΪպޣƫƫмĽ
ħŵӵ־ᶨǼʹ׽ħŵӣҪʳݵķҲܣûгɹ
ħŵɱҲ͸¶ݵǻһܹϢȥ
ΪֹһԲܿݵĿ

Сӣ㻹أܵõݵ̿ĴĽļ˷ܡ
ĽʦҲȫҵĹͣµġ
ţ֪֪һ̿հڰ֣Ǻǵķǲħˣ
ĽʦѶݵ
ʲô˼̿ƺûӦ
Ľ˵һ飬̿һˣʱɴ˫ۣ˵ʲô
ĽѶݵ˽
˲ɣ̿üҡͷǧŪķȻҪˣ
ĽͷֻһɵʵܴѹסħŵˣҿЩ
̿ü룺ˣ
Ľͷʦȫ
ɵСӡ̿ε̾˿ҡͷô룬ֻˣ


792 ؼ
ĽЦлʦ
ѽ㣬治֪˵ʲôã̿εĵҡͷ̾Ⱦɵ־ֱУǾᡣ
ĽЦ֮ѣ
̿յͷţ˵Ҳûһʦһķҵģ
ȻѾˣҲˣͷһƬɣûʹϧ
ϪỪڻ˵Ľǲ⣬ȰһûĽĿڡ
Уǰķ壬Զŷ壬Ҵɱħŵӣĵӡ
Ľǣŷ֮£һڶûжݵˣ˶ݵҲˣкβ֮
һû뵽ȷʵûõݵǵˣȻʤһ˵ɳɵһ
Ҳ˴ǱǱ䣬Ҳܳ壬ǧ϶Զݵȥϵ󣬵ôǧĶô׵ĸˣʵڲġ
ĽЦҡҡͷٶ˵Ȱ˵˼ѶֻεķȰ˵
ڶ죬ֱ̿ݷ߷壬ÿ嶼һݵ޼ɵħŵӵṦѧ
˾ȻһƬ̾˵ɽ֪˵Ƕ̾мҲаɵϵġ
ĽȴںŹȥΪģΪİΣ
龭ƿҪǰһϵһɷޣ򲻻ʲôЧ
һ˶رܣͽΣĽûһ˵Ĺϵãѣ˻㲻ϡ
״̬˱һ㣬Ļ⣬˵ĹϵǶסˣҪƽ⣬Ҫһ
ĽԸ֮²ǿ󣬸Ϊ˳Ȼͺãѡ

峿ĽƮ壬ʱĵһ㡣
ɣҪʲôʦ̿ոܣҲٵȫǷ
ϪỪڶǳɼҵģǳˣȫܹԼ𣬲˵ȻܷŬϪض˵̿ŬỪȻһ쵽ıԹ̰ݶһ㣬ȴ
ΨĽᣬһΪ˸ڹ̿գ̿Ȼܣ
ĽƮ壬ṦߣǽŲմص壬ŮṦǸƮһ㣬һһ˸֮䣬Ӱ֮ȴǰǿ
Ľ¶ЦݣıǶݵݵǾףĽ̾û뵽㾫ķ
Ħãݵ˼·з˼֮Уѧǳ
ҲãݵиĽأܻбһṦƲȴѡ
ң뵱ķ֮ˣź磬һԼԶԶ磬ǹ˻ǽˣﵽ̶ȵĶ˾̾
ŮֻЦһ£ûйĽǰˣؿס
ĽƮ˴ϴµǰ˶дׯţҹ㡣
޼ɿ£ûתͷؼ㵭ʡ
ĽηʣĿħŵˣ
šͷ㵹Ǵ
ĽЦЦǾŷһ֣ܴ˷Ȼħ֮ˣǼˣ
ĸҡҡͷħ²ֶΣʲôֹأµòԩ
Ľħûǿĸ֣
СͷŵԱ߼ϣŤͷˣЩ
ĸǿĽʡ
ҡͷ̾˿֪

Ľüͷ
֪ħкֵܶģ˵ģҪ֪ħŵ书ķţеĻ羭
֪羭ĽȻ
һЦ֪羭ʲôķҶ֪ķǺˣ˭Ҳ֪ϸҲûã
ĽЦŵͷûʣ书ɱ
ħ书Щڻ羭ӾֻħŵûôˣǻռϷ磡
ĽͷһɵĵӽǾӢɵľ֮ѵһ书죬Զʤһ㡣
ŵôˣûţһħ书ʵˣ֪һλһҲλţҶǶ֣
Ľüǲ˵ħſܻŸ֣
ţһģͷ̾˿һҲ׿ƣѹס
ĽȷʵСãֻ书ɱˣ򵱳ұɱ
ļƣòħ书ѹסδأһҪСģ
Ľͷ̽̽ħŵںδʲôΣʵں棡
ڰ֣ˣ˷ȥⲻǣ
ĽŪħŵʵ
Ȱ书˵ǵı򻹲ú¿๦ˣȥ٣
Ľ룬ͷãȰѱɣ
Ļ羭ʮһ㣬پҲҪһӣ龭ƿΪŻʣµҪ¿๦ˡ
ЩˣȻ־ᶨڣ徢ɢʱ򣬲ɵ뵽˴ǰ֡
Ÿûȥѩˣȥһۣܵһַ֮ˣܵߵĸڶ࣬Լǿޱʤա

߻ȥǺСһ˪Ǻþòһ꣬оȴʮ깦
׺ɽһЩ˵ûʲôӦöܺã̫һ
ŮӦʲôףȻӦ֪һаá
ôˣĺ˼롣
æ˾ƽЦЦת뿪˴ȥ£һ
ԺѩӨӷһ
޲ȥ£ǿν˹ȥϢͻأ˷ʤ
½ǣӭһһһ𣬺ڽߣ׽ףһš
˴Ŵţֿʼ˱ԾʩչȻһ֮
һӣͣ£»ʣʣʲô°ɣ
һܱ˴˸Ӧ
Ľҡҡͷ̾Ұˣûʲôġ
Ҳˡµͷ
ĽЦҪǻȥһΣ
ܳ𣿡³ɡ
Ľ˷Աкβɣߣȥη˵˵
գæ΢΢һЦȥ˵Լʦ˵ǲɱˡ
ĽЦã
ʱѾʱ֣Ľ뿪µСԺ壬Ȼص壬ҵ̿գ˵ԼĴ㡣
̿ڴһʯͷɹ̫ȻڣĽĴһȻ
ĽЦʦѵҲܻȥ
ֱϣΧһжܶ࣬̿΢۾Ľôʱˣ
Ľͷǣȥʵڲģ
̿հڰ֣İգһɳĸ鷳
Ľһһأ
̿նʱĬȻ룬ͷȥҲã

һӶԣһһɣҪܷ̿ģճ֮ǰǲ׼塣
ĽֲͬǸţΪ񣬽죬ݵʱ䡣
»ȥ˵֮Ҳͬ⣬˺飬ܿʰң˲ֻһЩˮܿˡ
һʱ䣬ڹ̿գȴûĽ˼ǡ
뿪һɣһֱȻʮɽĵؽ磬ȻַֿԻؽ
ѾԼã»ᵽĽһһɡ
Ľʩչݵسɴһ㣬ٶޱȣܿص˽š
ϳ϶֮绻һˣ˽ɽʱɽµĵӾûϳ
Ľ֣ĸŵӴһæķȥͨ
Ľɽߣüͷܸоһɱ֮뵱һڵĵɨһ޶
Ľһһ߲²ⷢʲôɽϰúܣûʲô˴򶷣ߵһ룬Ʈ
ĽǰݵˣɻˣǳӭӣΪһ֮˲ҲҪһġ


793 ָ
֪ΪţأвǾǱԭ˼άתϴ֮ۡ
ʦţ̧ͷˣüʵôʦʦǣ
⻰ôǳԼʵɽûҵˡ
ɫһ˫һ⣬ҡҡͷߣȥ˵
Ҳֹҡҡͷ
ĽɻȴûͨһĬĬɽ;˽ŵĵǣɫأд·
ĽӺ棬в֮Уǲõ¡
ĽЩŵɻ֮Щϲƺкֲҡ
ĽЦЦͷ˽մڡ
Ÿߴӳ˴
Ϣׯϣ²ɣ粽̫ʦϣĽֱҶ¡
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Ȫʮ״һľݣԶԼʮÿľݽ㣬һ㣬һ㣬Ǻı
ȪǼİɫ齣ʱȪԵϣһϥţīϰȴȡ
ĽüͷһȻѩһţʱˮ̶ûˣֻڵİ翣С
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Ҳǿ࣬ϱߴֳִĴ齣һŰǽڶ黭Ǽܲţȫסǽڡ
ʱ鰸ǰһŮһŲæȴ
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ĽаԷᣬߴ󣬺ݺʦ䵽أһţҰʦɡ
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ĽܿĿΣٶ˵󣬴ȥΣ뿪֡
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æúãʦܣǾ͸Ͻɣ
һԲѣܴ̼ʱҲ˲ֻһͷ书


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Ľҡͷ̾ܶҲҪ׿רעѧУȡý
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˵ʯͷһγ֣һ˵֮ԱǣĽ֣˵ǲɳ˼

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ĽһԹۿƽ޲ϲŭ
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ĽЦҪߣ˿ûнݾûɣҵȭʱһҹ
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Ľʦ֣ȥЪһЪôһʱãЧá
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ܰѽˣɳҲѡ
뵽﷢飬ѾˣܲܲսӣǿɳˣнŴףǴ򲻹һҲûʲôսӣȴ˿ɳš
Ϊˣʹ򲻹ҲҪ򣬵սųʹ书ٸҲûʲôãһ
ʲôˣһ߳ȵ
׷˪üɫӤǺ׷ͯգһ˫ˣһû˵ĺ
ˣĿ磬ֱġ
˹һЦǣʸ֪ǵ֣
ãǾֵ¼£߳һͻ֣ˣһϣɱǣ
ʮ߰νʣĽûˡ

õĹâ𣬳Ľ⣬·ýŲĴߡ
סˣƾĽ񹥣ȴȻûߡ
裬ˮ磬ȴķĻʯƾοҲûá
ת۹򣬽йȥ˺ˣ뿪սȦһѾˡ
ʮ˵ĽǳУΧȴз䣬һɾ֮С
ʮĸȻκβˣɳž޽ңҪˡ
ǡڴʱһڹ⻮һţײĽУһ죬һһ£콣漴˽ȥ͵һǣסˣĽ档
Ťͷȥһ긺վ䳡ء
޼ɣ˾С
ĽȭЦһ£漴ָһһڹ⻮ٴײһ
ڹӣЮŻвʤĽ⣬׼ȷһ¡
ͷǳӺϱֲĽüͬʱһöӡ
ڹֱһȴǣסˣЩǱȴԽסĽ⡣
ʱɳŵҲˣĽǰǣûȥΪѣʱһһʤ㣬ܲôࡣ
ŵĶԹȰʰ˵١
Ľü֪ûʲôãһʧԭأһȦڣ档
׽һʣһѾĴؿǰ
һýöбԷֱײϳ׽ƲĽһ

ֻϴƵ罭ӵ࣬ȻĪ֮ӲŲҲɣϢȴҪһ͡
ǰˣһ͵Ĺ˾Լֻ֮һжȥȻ˳ӳ׽
һ׽ͣķַֺϺϣһŽ
ĽȻ˵޷죬ѷԼµϣ֮ǿʤһ
û뵽󺹵ĸ־֮ѷһɣ䵶γɵ˷ʤ
ҧǲܰǴѹȥ󺹳ͷһԴԴϵ˽ǶԶˡ
˼άתһͷδʧһͷһӿһţͣȴûֹͣӽ
䵶ɵ׽ͣĽϴƺƵĽھԦʹ¯࣬Щȴжȥ
ת۹˰УĽǣƣʮߵס˻潩
ɳ˾񣬿ϣȥֻҪߣսʤ֮סɳš
Ľһߵֵ׶˻һ˼ȡʤ֮ȥʵûʲôȡɵֶΣڵĻ֣ܵסˣޱʤİգȴܡ
ȴֻôˡ
뵽ȻɫһΧĿų˳Ѿʩչ
ǿᣬʩչӣʩչԽ磬ǰһƺƴķҪ٣һͷһ˲ɡ
׽һᣬһʧ١
һƺߣһʧĴ˷ؿڵĽԾĵĽѪ
Ľֻʯγȴ˿аŶ
Ȱɱһ˷һŹֵŭȣ͵ĻӽĽף˲䵽Ľؿڡ
ĽҪνѾ֮£͵һȭǡ䵶һ죬䵶˳ȥ
һȭʮ񴸣ǵڶһȭȭŴˡ
ִ̫٣ķӵĵĴ崸ֻüʩչڶǡõסһ

ʩչ˴ͱıټʮ񴸣߰˱֮ǿν֮
һȭǴղס䵶ֱӱѳѪ
һ󺹸ֻ䵶Ľһȭһ׼ܹʩչʮȭĵȭ
һȭȸղŸǿᣬֱ䵶
ְγ׽ʱһѪܹһһӡ
һ䵶֣ס׽
䵶С־£һذףǿᣬĽüʩչ񽣾˲ִ̳
һ䵶ذٴεס׽
Ľüӵĵ죬֣һɶصɷ⿪Щ
񽣾ȡһ֣һϵȴһЩԶʮ񴸣ذװ䵶ײɡ
Ľ˼֮ܽ󣬽׽ʣٴʩչʮ񴸣ֱֱĴ˳ȥ
һ죬һ䵶ذ׷˳ȥ
ʮ񴸲أҾ׼ǡôذ׵ĵһȭӭǺӵȭͷ
顱һ죬ĽվԭأɫǺ죬˫۾â˸ͣ
һչؿӿѪİӣóƿ£ŪЩҩĨϣֹסѪܹȻ
Ľ΢۾ǰӣȻ䣬ЩĮȴ˼άתѸٶ
žǿᣬľʩչʱܵӰԽԽСǰ飬ȻЩĮȴһѣûдӰ졣
˼ά磬ת۲ӵΪԼΪǴ֡
ʩչ˴ѹһͷķ죬书Ҳ죬ҪʤȴҲף˵ѹ׾ѧ

뵽սپ֮ģϺһմʱʩչʮ񴸣һȭһȭ
顭߸Ӳͣĺˣоâ˸øĽȻȻѹ׾ѧԽԽǿˡ
ôȥԼѹƲסˣʩչһľѧǿԽԽǿôȥضãԼҪΪء
뵽һʮ񴸵ķתʱֻðһˣûɣŴ˵һԡ
ԼдΪ󺹵ĸ֣Ҳѹ׾ѧҲǴ߶ǱطȻиǹ֮ƣδֻƴ
飡һȭȭͷǰĿˮһƣ漴һѣըȭͷ֡
飡ȭͷײһΧǲ۾ӿ糱ˮӿԼΡ
ӿ֮ʣһι۾۾ʱֻĽӸɫֱֱ࣬ĶŶԷһ˭ʤ˭
ǵɴ۾ˣʵڿĽһգգĶŶԷҲɴ˫ۣâ˸Ľ鶼࣬á
ĽȻЦƣ¶֮ɫúãǴ󺹸֣


796 ƴ
ȻЦȴûЦݣһƬŸĹŹ֣Ϊʩչ˴ʡ
ӻһȻ조ۡһѪ
Ȼû뵽ŵ޼ȻԶʤһˣ˵ǽŵĵһ֡
ߣϾǶĸ֣书ǿò̫ףǴ󺹵ĸ֣书ǿ֮ڶûе֡
ĸ֣ŵ޼ʹҲ򲻹ģû뵽޼ɾȻʤˡ
˵пɳŵȡʤɳ˵ʵ󣬲ǣһ°ˣû޼ɵĳ֣ɳŽ춨ҪһͿ
ù򣡡³һѪĨĨǣĵĽĽĳִϡ
ǸҴݺ޵Уһöֲˣеĸֶ˻ʹڣûʲô֣ʹҲһʵЩʧ
һ˾øʢĽţȻЩۣǴʤ飬ɱһˡ
ٵɳʱʧɳŸǲһΪ˿ɳţȴû뵽ۣôһ书֮ǿ˿ɵС
Լʩչطвû뵽ǣԼʩչطǲС
˿ǱؽǴ󺹵ĴУܲ
Ǻˣȵ
Ľ΢Ц޼ɣ
޼ɣüٴӿѪĨȥˣںĵŵģ
Ľͷһȥҽţǡòڣ
¶һ˿΢Цãλ֣Ȼ鴫ȴԶһʧ
Ľʲôˣ
ĦԪ³ӥĦҲȭؿڣȻȻַ

ĽüĦԪ̣
ĦȻͷǶªţ֪ĦԪ̵Ĵ
Ľҡҡͷ֪
ĦԪ˴󺹵һ̣Ҳµһ̣ĦԪ䣬ͨ˿ɵУĦȭǰȻȵſ⣬
Ľüתͷ˵ȣɳŵǷ׷ҡͷȻŲԸĽһǾһ٣Ȼмָм
ĽͶɻǶҪȴ޷شҲû˵ĦԪ̵Ĵ
ĦЦһ״ƲмߣһȺª֮ˣҪĦԪ̵Ĵܿ촫¸ǶԣܣԡĦԪ̵Ĺ֮£ʱΪĦԪ̽ͽ˽ֵܣమ޳޶Թ̫ƽʢ
Ľɳŵ˴˶һۣǰ书ǿȴǲ壬
Ľü΢ǰĦѵúܣ书ΪزѶʩչƻ֮־ᶨ˿ɴݣ֮ȣǳˡ
ܽ书֮۷ֹĦԪ̵Ľνͨˣܲ
гأһˣһأĦԪ̵ĽԼ赲
뵽ɫ΢۾ˣ˼תͷһһ֣Ӧ֮
µԼһ˳ܣһ˽ǲܵˣǣ浽ʲôĦԪ̣ü֣ԼͻвȺǣңǻǶǣһͷͷͻ
ĽʣӥǺְλ
Ħ´һۣȻ¶Цݣǵĳϲ࣬޼ɣҿǸ˲ţᣬزʵѵãҿԾټʥ̣Ϊνһ죡
ĽЦҡͷǶˣ
Цм죬ȻЦţȴ͸űζĮûһ˿飬ƤЦⲻЦ˲粻Ц
ĦҡͷҪɰٴ˴ʥҪͳһ£ȻҪĺΪ㶫˶ż

Ľҡͷ˽ŵӣɼʲôĦԪ̣
ҲҪǽŵĵӣʥ̲ԭɣĦҡͷΪ˲ţԲʸʥ̣һӹµ֮ʥ̾ɣ
ĽЦЦ˵⻰˼ԼҪʶ̧٣˻˵ǲ
ĦָһΧĿɳųǣҡͷЩӹµ֮ʥ̣ʥ̵
Ľ֪滹ʲôְλǿһ֮£֮ϣ
ĦüĽЩǽʥ̣ΪְλΪȨƣΪ°գ䲻гޣ
ĽΪɱˣ
ĦҡͷΪʥ̹Իչķ£һЩҪģ
Ľü滹ʲôˣ
ĦĽ˿а׺׻ȸﻤ
ĽЦЦô˵ǵ书Ƕģ
ĦͷȻĻǿǣ
Ľ̾һĦԪ̣Ȼ˲żüãƣ
ĦԺĵȻʥ̵Ĺܹչͳһ£󱻲
Ľ̾˿ͷأû뵽ǵ书Ȼǿģ滹мֻǿǣһǸͨ޵еĽ
Ľһ̸ܵǿвԭЩԼ书䲻µһԱҲ㹻ˣڿԼ̫ˣƾԼ书һĦԪ̣֮ء
Ħ˫ȣĽ˵ô࣬ˣǲǼʥ̣
Ľҡҡͷ
ĦüĽǼ˲ѵãʵڿϧαطô࣬Ҫˣ

Ľ̾˿˶ŵӣʲôĦԪ̵ģǻİɣ
ϧϧĦҡͷת˶һۣ۹⽻غϡ
Ľüòף˵ɫ̫Ź֣һʲôıƣò
˵ͷ˵һһĦġ
Ħʱһ˵ûɣվԭأԽĳȣ˺ǴһȦ
Ľͷһ£һ¿Ūʲô飬Ǻϻ֮˵һ
Ʋ͵ĺˣһʧԭأڰ֮⣬էһ֣ǰһֻ޴֣ȻؿС
Ƶӿ罭ӵ࣬һ¹˵ɽк类Ƥȴ׹˱Ѫƺһ±ˣ˶ľ
³Ծû뵽ĦƷٶ죬Ȼ׷Լڻûܱܹȥ
һƵȻƵˣصɷһγʵһ㣬嶳
ɷĴڶĽ˵ҪǿᣬյֻҪתȦȻܹ
ϣɷͬնĽһʱⲻһ±סɷ
һ²ܶˣѪͣͣǱ˴Ѩһ㣬һĵĦֻ˫ܹ
΢۾ĦɫǺ죬Ǻ˾ƣλζۡһºȻһѪ
ĽһȻϻ֮ȻԼˣȴҲ˵һڣҴʩչ̼ǱطĽҡͷĦǲҪˣ
Ħ³һѪ֮ɫһ±ɲ԰ףûһѪɫһŰֽһ
촽ȴޣ԰׵ɫγɽȻͬĶԱȡ

ĦĨһ촽ѪĨȥȻŤͷĽۿеĴ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ٺЦһ£ˣܳҲֵãûܹ谭ʥ̵Ĺԣ
Ľһתɢɷ֮ǵˣû뵽ҪṦȫóʱ˲ء
еҲƶԼԤףԼ˵ģֻҪ˰취룬ڡ
Ħȵһ飬ɴӦʥ̣
γһ仡ذףз⣬ذСȴ͸ɭɭɷȻɱ˵
Ľתû˵װܿڵӡ
ĦذбָĽߣ㱻ǵɷˣһʱָ̱Ӧһգ۾
˵սĽ۾Ľ۾һգգ¶һ˿Ц⣬ڼЦ׷ѹ
ĦҲɭȻһЦ˸־Ȼ㲻ԡʥ̵ĹԣǾȥɣ
˵͵һذĽؿڣҪһ
ĽһʧԭأһĦѾġ
飡һаܸĦ˳ȥһʯͷ˻ŵӡ
飡˹һţڵϡ
Ľۡ³һѪѪ䵽ϣСðŰɢɭɭһ۱û䣬̲סתͷȥ
ĽĨһǣɫ԰Ťͷϵˣһ̫ƣһƣɹ
Ħ˰ˣҲҪҲҪˣٲܹвˡ
һ֮Ľڿ飬֮УԼΪ֮֮Ρ
л羭֮мٶȵĻظ֮ܣһһĶõı£һʩչĹʱһ
һȴܶʩչִٽⶳ֮󣬽ȫУֱӴˡ

ãɳŵ˺ȻȲʣû뵽󺹸ڱˣʹǱĽ򵹵ģҲǶֵҫ
ڶ˵Ķ֣Ϊ˵ס£Ľʿǰ̣ǽǿס
󺹵ǿģѾǶ˵Ӱֻ֪ǿ󣬵վǿȴΨһֻϹսˡ
һ󺹸ִݺ磬˴޵еӡˣȻİˣȴûһ֪ʤٸ࣬սֻᱯңȴ޷룬ֻӲƴ
Ľĳǣŵµ󺹸֣˷֮ȿ־ѹ֮ĴϲǷ
ĽɨһۺȻȲʣϲǣҡҡͷ˵ͦñֱŵϵˡ
΢۾ˣܾЩף˺ûȫɥ
ллһǰȭ֣һ
Ľȭزأ²ҶѣΧ˵Σ
ΧȻµˣĽûɱˣ
ĽҡͷûɱǣҪһʧΧȻҵΪ
ãģѽΧ߳һ£ջͷһֳȵ
˶ʱΧĽΧסˡ
ĽɨһΧˣͷȻϲȴʧ侲˵
˫ֽӡͷ䵽ʩչĵƺƵĹ漴ķתƺƵܿתΪһεξĻ羭֮ʵʡ
羭ʮһأҪͻƣҪظǰ漸أÿظһأ㾫һ֣Ѿظ飬ν־Ҫ̬ΪҺ̬ˡ
˿㣬ΪˣҲпڻָĿת졣
ĽüһʩչӡһŤͷˡ

ļ˶ʱͷһŤͷܿĽĿ⣬ɫмֲȻ
ĽͷݣΪ񣬼ʹʱҲĸоΧĿ˼
е⼸˵Ŀﲻ⣬ɱ
ʱףЩǴжĥɱ¿նݳ˼Ѿɱ˴֣Լûʲôˡ
Լˣܳûһȥڴ֣ͳһھ˵ԼĦͬھŵʵҲڣʹлҲҲ֤ݡ
Լ˿ɳһΣȻ˴ϾԼǽŵĵӣɳŵĶԹڣһжˣĪв
Լƴ书ǿᣬɱѵ֮˲УõĳȥԼʱ
Ľ룬Ҳ뷨վǵôҲûʲôԣȻЩ壬֮ʲôԣֶ伫
Ȼ⼸˵Ĳ⣬ûʵʩҲ׷Լûаɳŵ˼Ϊǡᣬҽǵǣһ£Լһ˶ϴ֣Ƕ֡
Щͷ˵Ժһ˲ѣתۼţרʩչָ
ȻǿᣬԪԶľҪȫָת۱ɡ
ָûûаס
飡һ죬һֱûֵӺȻײһߣĽ
Ľü˲δָʩչʮ񴸣͵һȭ˳ȥӵཻ
飡һըף˶Ĥһʹһ㣬ӿ֮ǲɺ
ĽһĲɫǺ죬û뵽֮ѷĦһѡ
Ħ˫۽һ֪

ĽüǰҲطȲĦԼ飬ȴ޷ʩ
ź֮ʣתʩչһ׼ĲתӵҪΪãʱ䣬ǿʵ
飡һۻסһȴֳһơ
Ľн̤첽תתһЩӲסһơ
һ֮ɫûдı仯ûأΪղתһЩǿһЩܵסҪˡ
飡ӽһƣһҪԹȥǰһķڡ
Ľü¼߼֮Ʈǰ˹ȥΪҪѹסӡ
ȴˣȰƮȥĵǷ·ľżһ˿ûӦ
Ľ׷ϣҪѵãǴһΣҪɱǧѣԼС
Ȼˣ飬Ҳǿȥ˸ղʩչϻ֮ȻҲĴ
ӳĽĦ֮ʻָһЩĽлָĵҩ򲻿ָܻô졣
Լָÿ죬תһЩֵѲҲط
ɻ󣬽׷ӣת۳˿ɳţۣһһ
ĽһʩչṦ·һʩչṦޱȣʮħŵĶݵ
ӵṦҲߣЮˣٶ֮쾹Լʤһ
Ľ̾Ϣȷʵлָĵҩʱͳһƿﵹһ£Ȼٶ֡
һҪ׷ȴϼѣĽƣƾԼṦǲ׷ϵģΨһĻݽˡ
Ľȥãúܣ׷˰֮󣬿׵һƿóһƿʱ룬֪ûл׷ˡ
ϣתرܣˮ
ԼҴܳʱʩչʩչ䲻ǰôأȴܲ㲻ɷġ
ܿһɽ֮󣬽˴ǿʼʩչվ


797 ɽ
Ľٴʱҹʱ֣ɽķǣҡҡͷʵڲ֪˶á
ڹվУʧȥʱյĸоȻһΣһǺܶݣƺƳоΪ졣
վЧԽԽǿˣߵָ糣иһ֮С
ת˻羭оһ£ʮһ㣬ЩźָܻԭҲȬҲ֪㡣
룬֪˶ãҪ׷ѾʵˣƾԼı£Ҫһɱˣ
ڵĻǿһԣλʦļλʦȥСһ
ϧԶˮⲻ˽ʣԭû˷ȻҲԼ࣬ʩչ˴ѹˡ
û뵽Ҳͨطܹ߷ǱΪԼܾȫǹɳŵĻᣬԼǸʲôЧ
Ħ֪Σһˣܶ϶ɣĦԪŵ࣬ôϣûɱĦ˵ʲôҩ湦ܰȻ
־湦֣ĦԪͨ˵ҲһΪĦһϲ˿ȡ
ɽ֮ϣµգҹĻԶ
ӭҹ磬˼棬ĦԪ̣ͷȴмֳء
ĦԪ̾ŶȻ޷赲ģԼɾʹˣ
ĦԪ̺пܻᱨէҪģ˽ٺòֶΣԼ˴׷ɱ
뵽ЩĽЩԼ书죬书ǿһΰʰˣ˵˿ڣܹƳһʱ䣬ȡǿĵزҲһƴ֮
ֻһˣλʦֹһؽţֹĦԪ̱
һйأܸ涫ֵľףֱӽУǶֵԹߡ
ţһɲһӦ

ɫ粻ι󣬳̾Ϣһһʧ٣ֻһ̾Ϣɢڿлص
Ľ磬󣬲ʱִ֣˽ţȫ߶ݵӳ¡
ҹϵ·ֵ죬ɼ֮С
峿ıûɢȥɴڽƮƣµĿ͸Ų
Ѿ顱ĽŲʱн࣬ڵһȭŷġ
Ľ£ڽյ⣬΢˯˯վţȴСȭһơ
Ľһ۾ĵâǣһ㡣
ĽΪȻһۣͷͲΪȴͣŵĵǴг
ԴӸĽСȭ˽ձڵСȭ;ȻԸȭһЧȴҲЧ֮Ϊ죬Ǵǰ
Ϊˣľͷ㣬Ľ¼ˣǶ֪ŵʦȴΪߣΪΣһԹˣƴ˼һ첻ͣЪģֻ
ģĽļ£ڵľͷ㣬Щ˼
һڵǵĽ죬ʵü٣ŵʵǿһ
ʹˣĽҲѱȹĽȻ죬δǰ;һƬŶܷ󣬿ϧԶˮⲻ˽ʣĦ˵ǰﲻʲôæҪϵֵ
Ħ裬һ޲ƴ书ǿˣ軹ȥԽƴˡ
ʦܣæֱȭĵ
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Ϊ£ģǿԼⲻ⣬һֱģ͸˼жϲԼ


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Ľѵõ¶Դ飬ȴϲ
Լͨ¸ǰûʲôЧһֱģĽ֪ϲԼжϲʵԴ⣬Ϊ书ķ㣬Լ֪Ů֮飿
ŵĽȴƶŷ̽һ£ɱŮˣֱܸоõҲض໨˼
ĽЦ£ʦĲģһһɣҲˡ
书Ѿˡµ
Ľҡͷ̾ϢһԭҲ뷨ȴǿЦúܣôһ书մմϲ죡
°һۣ˵Ұɣ
ĽЦǶʶ̫٣ԭΪ¼ĸ־ħŵĵˣľвħţǴ󺹣
ףͷţȷʵˡ
ҲĽͬУԭҲԼ书ʹµһҲһˮ׼ˣ´ȥãʹ򲻹ҲԱ
ŵֱ֪ţ֮ʱǿ⻻Ҳòȥ
Ȼλʦڣܹȫ޼ʦˣ޼ɵΪ࣬λʦ͹Ǻ
˽ţ͵ַӹһ٣ˣԼ֪ൣġ
뵽Ľ˼ȷʵˣҲ޲ʦܽһɣס
ŤͷĽ׼ô죿
Ľ̾Ϣֻƴˣ֮׼뿪壬ǰ󺹱߽硣
ȥξü
֪󺹱߽һĹޣָͣǰȥɱУ٣ڱ߽硣
޼ɵΪǿȥ˴󺹱߽磬ĸ书ǿûʲôôģ书ǿϱԼǿģҪ
üýģĽ³֮
ĽͷţҪξΪͣͲǰҪһֻ֮ܵĥͻͽ

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ĽæŤͷȥҶ࿴
֪뵽龭˵龭ƿҪͻƣΨк˫ޡ
˫ֻܵȵ֮󣬶Ľȫƾ˫ǿΪƾԼӲһ·ⲢǶߵ־
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죬Σȴ˵龭
Ľҡͷ̾Կû龭ҵ书Ͳˣ
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ĽЦǲŮӵġ
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ĽҡҡͷǿһЩϰ߻ǲɣһ˴һ㲻ϰߵġ
üû˵һֱ徻ӣ󣬻壬ΧŮӣȷʵϰһ
뵽ĽΣգҪģίܳܣҲҵΪ
ĽֻҡͷӦٶ˵
ԼȥطйվطԲԼȴܲȥĵ
µҲطд绯ؼʱܹġ
ĽҡͷӦ̾ϢҶһˣǣңڣǴ⣬ίʵס
¿˿ٶ˵ȴ⣬Ҫһȥģ̫ðʧΣҴ
Ľ򿴳˼ȴƣպ˵һܹܵסµģһðա
˸˼ĬȻΧһƬ

ĽЩģʱɽʱڽɽϣд书
ǶûţȻ뿪һɣҪǿУվ֮ǻʶĿ̿༸֡
ϪỪڶʵĽ˵ļ޷ƴһ죬Ľ״԰뵽ɽʯһ
ȪָƣЧѣˣȪһʱ˯ȥſ
ĽһԲʱǵľЧԼҲһ죬Ծӣ˿û֮У˶пǸˡ
Ľ¸пȻȴ󣬱˵һ㣬ڿʮһ㣬ҪͻƵʮΣܾЩңԶȱһЩؼĶ
ĽȥҲԴʮһʮ֮һζھȫҪﵽʮ㣬ǧѣʹ˼ǰģظΣԴﲻҪ
Ľ޼ƿʩֻȿţһ˵ˮɣھأֻܱϣƴŬˡ
Ѿı飬ӵ㵽ʮһ㣬ʼʱ죬˺ԽԽ죬ʼһ飬ӵ㵽ʮһҪһ£ıʱֻҪʮ졣
µĹѾı飬ԭΪܴﵽҪ󣬽ʮ㣬Լֹ̫ˡ
ظ㵽ʮһ㣬ȻԽԽ죬ͬģЧҲԽԽˣ˵ʱûʲô벻ࡣ
˿ҲûʲôЧˣֻܿڵʮһ㣬ܴﵽ
ĽЩãºȷǰʮһھĿˣҪΪһֻͻƵʮ㡣
㵽ʮһʮ飬һֱģҪҵϣ˵һ
һֱû֣һֱڣߵڣҪƿǰǽڣȴֻǽǻ

峿ʱ֣ĽԼСԺ﷢ŴСͤĲãȻ˼֮С
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зӶԸ½нֻ֮ܲҵõˣƾԼĴֻҪ꣬ͼ֮ҵ
˼£ȻһֱûʲôչܾԶԣ꣬һŻ羭һѰƽ֮
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񽥽£ɣû
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һһɽһǱߴϢѾӦҪѩһɡ
ң壬νһ죬ĽԾһӣ֪ôô顣
ɲʲô˶ܽģңƾѩʣѽ壬˾ʵЩ⡣
Σѩ˵ܹ壬ϵ컯书ܹഺפղϡ
ķĪ⣬˵ҵѩʺϵķȻܹͻͽ
еѣһٽһ˺Ϊ龭
龭ҲޱȣκһķѣҪ˽ģܹȫſ˼ﵽͨ
ѩȻϲԼϾ²ͬ˼ﲻһģľΪ츳뻷졣
µĴľɮһ׷ģҲѴﵽһȾ˳Ҫõһɶܡ
ѩΪĽҪæֻʩչඥ֮ඥ֮ûƣķ죬ʩչඥ֮֮תΪʧһЩòʧ

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ѩûĵٲԼ
Ľſһľϻ͸֮ɫװʲô䱦һ㡣
ʵװõģֻһЩ˵
ĽЦŶҼûԷˣ
ˣѩûĵЩ޵ĵһۡ
Ľһֱ˼˴ţѾ칦ˣһֱ˼֮Уûиоʱš
ǿᣬǿ󣬼ʹҹԲȣ߲ݣܾӣ
ĽЦЦˡ
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ĽЦлʦɩˣ
㵽ʲô£Ҫô˼ѩߵ
Ľҡͷ˰ﲻʲôæģǹ书ģ
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Ľҡҡͷʦˣ书书ȻͬҲﲻæģ书й
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ĽҡͷķҲͬҲﲻæġ
ʦأѩֵ
ĽҡͷʦķҲͬ
ѽķǶͬʲôʦͽѩûԲɡ
ĽӹӣҡͷЦЦʦҵķҲͬ𣿡
ѩ֪˵磬ǽնȶ򾭣Ľǽջ羭Ҳûܵͻͽ

ô˵ֻԼڤ˼룬ұ˰æˣѩŵĺһ
ĽЮˣЦֻˡ
ǿأѩҡͷ֪˵ˣ̾ǿôãôȥҪԼŪ˲ɣ
ĽЦأİɣһҵ취ģ
ѩ룺ô£ȻһǶǳ˵ء
Ľҡͷǹڻ羭ģǽŵĽջ羭ķǻ羭ժȡǻ羭ķ
ѽѩ룬ͷ˵أնȶ򾭲ķԴﶼնȶ򾭣ջ羭㵱Ҫ
ĽЦնȶãȲϽջ羭˽ջ羭Ҳûĳɾͣţ޷ΪһɵĵӣĻ羭
ڵĻ羭ģѩʡ
Ľͷ˵ģеɬͣһֱҲڡ
ѩε̾˿ѽһﲻæһնȶΣɽ֮ʯԹ
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ѩ״¶ЦݣԼһеģĴʦܣô˵ԼĻǹõġ
ĽûѩҲߴ١
ãⲻĽͷ΢Цʦҳһ⣡
ѩͷЦǿɲǣɱСң
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ĽЦǾŷһ̷书˷嶼ʵʵģʹҲҪʰ·磬ʦͺúŬɣ
㣬üأѩЦ绨
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Ǻðɣһ̵ģǲ֪˼ҽ̲ѽѩԸĺһ
ĽЦȻһЩȴĵش˽ģʦãġ
ߣԸ˰ɣѩһۡ
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ĽɿЮˣԷٶȴһ㣬ת۹࣬˳Թ⣬Ȼߡ
ѩںʰûиһ
ĽҪԺȴȻͣסȴϪس֣һϮ֮£񣬶˵ķˡ
СʦҪȥ΢Цʵ
Ҳ֪ĽһֱԺҹԲȣڤ˼룬Щģơ
ĽЦȥʦѧһѧնȶ򾭡
նȶ򾭣ϪһЦôѧնȶ򾭣ѵնȶ򾭱Ȼ羭ǿ
֪նȶ򾭣Ȼ书ķȴǲ࣬û뵽ĽҪȥѧ
Ľҡҡͷ羭ƿ˼⣬Ҫһģܲҵķӡ
ԭϪͷ΢ЦĻҲȥѧʲôնȶˡ
ĽüͷһϪ

ϪЦһ澭ɣķ֮У澭һĻ羭ʤһ㵱ûлһˣȽնȶ򾭺õöɣ
ĽЦͷ֮ãлʦ֡
һ˵ʲôҴ㻯澭Ϫڰ֣Сͤ
ѩѾʰ˷װϻϪӯӯһȻƮ뿪СԺ֪ıܿˡ
ĽҲû˵˽СͤȻϪ㿪ʼһοھ˵顣
ĽĿֱ֮ӡԺͷ
˵飬ĽסˣϪ̾˿ϧûڷϣڷֱȥԭӦøһЩҲһЩһֱȫ򣬵öڻ澭档
ĽһͷȻʯϵľģʯһ棬ѾȫӡԺ
Ħ羭ʱһֱǾĵ˼ÿһοھνķ·ȴûʯڵģ
ʱϪһᣬЩ
ϪЦСʦܣǵһķҪʱȷʵеѣҵһɵһ㣬ٺ٣ʦ꣡
ĽһһߵͷҪץס⣬ʧˣֻε̾˿ݺ˼
ϪĽ򣺡СʦҲҪ̫ƴʱʵһţ洦ִ̫к
ĽЦͷڵĦԪ̵ıܲż
ϪƮƮ뿪֮Ľ澭
⻯澭ȷʵһķֱ֮ۻ֮УǿᣬҪסҪѺܴ˼


801 
⻯澭ĵһ㲻ķתҲҪķѼؼǣһЩľ磬һԷֵľ硣
ЩϸС΢ķҪʣЩ쾭̫ϸת
һ㲻⻯澭ˣʹҲҪķȰЩǿһЩųɡ
ǿô֮£ûи깦ﵽַëϴ
Ľľתϴ辭һ֣ղҲ㣬ЩĹͼϿҪҲ֮ѡ
һϼѣһ󣬲Ҫɻ澭νѹء
澭ԽԽãϵ֮֮°빦һЩ
˵͵٣˥澭˵ʮɾ͡
һĵӣ츳ǿҪëϴĹһĳ̶ȣ澭һһȥʱ䣬Ҫ澭ѾѵͣҲˣûʲôɾ͵ģͽԺķѹ
ֻͽܣǲ룬ǲҲĽ澭Ϫãֻοһķܹ뵽羭֮ˡ
ķ֮У澭һ羭֮ѧԼĻ澭ûܲ򻯺羭ġ
Ľѧ˻澭֮󣬲뿪СԺר־澭칦˻澭
澭ѣȴСһϾ羭˵ʮһ㣬֮ʢܼ
澭Ȼ羭ʤһҲʮһ֮Ϊˮһ㣬칦˵һ㡣
ᵽ⻯澭ȻԽľԭǰ㵽ʮһ㣬Ѿûд˻澭ȴ˾ƿһ˿ƿ
Ȼ֪᲻մƿܿһ˿ϣ

峿ɽһƬʣ뵣ͣΪ֡
Ľһ֣˶ʯͷҲڶŮһ󣬽˸ɭɭ·
Ľվһ£΢ЦŮ
ŮѩӰѾӦΪͽΪĵӣѾС书
ʲãԭĵӾͺͷųҲΪΪ١
һֱĽŮΪһʱܹǿģȴͬܺܿãγɽƣôûŴ󣬸ӦĦԪ̵ıǿŵʵ
ĽһĽȻǳѾĽ裬ȴɭɭɱ
ĽЦŵͷʦ㻹Ǵǰ;ģȻʲ㶥ãֻҪȥ̫ˡ
ѾҸʩչඥ֮Ϊܹĺˡ
뷨һֱûʵʩǲģһĽֻ̫ӣһƾԼŬΪòţ־а
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˵ĿⶼĽϣרעĶ
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СһЦʦôĿӴһ˶
Ľͷλʦͽ̣
Сԥĵͷ˵һڱչأǾһ£

ҪʯˣϪỪڶΧ˹һ°Ȼ
֪Ľ书ǿᣬھǿʲôزȴһʣֻ纣ԨĪܿٺò
Ľ½󣬻̤ǰСȵֻؽ󣡡
ŮӦһʱγһԲһˮĳбָĽɱ
ǵĳ潣ͬӯӨͬһˮһ㣬ӨӨĲ⡣
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ӴдأǿɲСһۣȴҲףĽĽֻף񽣾񽣾ȷʵǿɱ̫أ׷գҪһܷӳȥȭ
ĽĽǸ̵ֽģ֪֪ףýһ±µ⣬彣Ϊ𣬸ǱȽС׼ס
С֪ˣȴװ֪ɼЦһغȵ󣡡
УĽڵŮƮԾУڿγһԲȦĽ
ĽȻܸȦУһʧԭأ⣬ǺЦҿɲݽ
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ĽһٴʧŮΧ˸գĽٴγ⣬ȴǸղԼʧĵط
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ףԼ书ǿݽ뻢ڣģǵĽ̫ԽԽԶʤǰˡ

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˵ŻϷͻ䣬ĽһȻССκȻһ£ҪУѾĽһȭ
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ðɣһʦ˵ģСһ£ͷ
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Щһֱѹ棬õӺɷʵһȺŮˣʵڶ棬Сʦ˿˵ԼΪԾü
Сһۣ˼
ѩݺݵĽδйŭĽЦЦʦ㣬ĽΪ㣬پҲûá
ߣ˵ѩûһڡ

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ʳָʯͷϣȻ৵ĶĩƮʯͷֳּһּʯġ
ּԱ߲ʱһΣ滭˹·ߡ
ָߣת۹ʯͷдȻİƣһ΢Цҵּ񣬾Ӧôˣһʮȫڴˡ
Ľĵĵͷ˫۽ʯͷϵּӡԺ
ҪڷϾͺˣԴȥԭʯڣֻȽţȥٿϪ
ĽתͷЦһ£лʦ֡
ϪЦлʲôɻ澭ǿǴϲ£Ҳմ⣡
ĽͷȻһӣһƬĩƮ䣬ʯͷָ˿հףԭּһʣ


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ס˰ɣϪЦʡ
ĽһȻ赭дȴҲȴ赭д̾Сʦܹ
ĽͷϪЦϧҵıɣдԭϣ澭洦ȥúÿ
ĽЦ澭ȷʵȻ羭Ӽ֡
Ϫͷ澭ѣʤڸʵȴǰԽԽ졣
Ľ羭ҲˣԽԽ죬ɵʮһȴͻƣһǵ֪澭ǲҲ
ϪҡͷЦ˵׼ֻڰ˲㣬ʮһԶţ
ЩΪʦ֣Сʼڰ˲Ѿѵõ٣һˣСʦܱС׼ףɵơ
һֱΪԼžޣ֮ߣʹȲŮҲһˡ
ĽĽ֪ˣʧȥ˼ͬΪһӣ˴˷֣ûڧĵ
ĽЦԹջ羭ٶ죬羭һУ°빦ռ˴ˣûԻ˽ġ
ȻԵҲûôа׻СʦʺáϪҡͷ
ĽЦЦٶ˵Լ㲻úãǻԵ£ûЩԵԼԶϪỪڡ
վתϴ辭ղ񹦣ֱָϹ֮ĸջ羭ʱѾٶȷɿ죬һеĻ羭ٶȸ졣
Сʦɣ澭żǰ漸㣬ǴͣϪڰЦ
Ľͷãлʦ֡
Ϫָָѽֻ̫ʦͽĸô⣡
ĽЦŵͷǣһʱĲë
Ա˽Ӧõģǻ񣬾룬ʦһֱԹأϪҡͷЦ
Ľͷãұ㲻

ϪڰƮƮȥת۲ӰĽʯͷ棬ӭ磬˼Ż澭
澭뻯羭ȣ۾磬󣬵澭ӵľһĴڡ
澭Ҳȫȱ㣬ľԷķΪ۵ģ澭Ҫĸʱ䡣
ͬǵһ㣬澭תľ·̣ǻ羭·һЩת澭һ죬羭ת졣
תҲͬ澭תһ뻯羭ȣСһ
һһϣ޴Ĳ࣬Ȼ澭Ӿڴͨ书֮˶ԣȲ
澭ǰڣҪ۸ģҪŤת࣬Ҫ֮
˵㣬澭·ȻԷޱȣȴʤ羭ټϾĲ죬뻯羭൱ˡ
֮ǻ澭ռˣ羭Щ󣬵ΣľΪؼһ澭ٶҲѷڻ羭ˣһȻѹ˻羭
ĽЩϲףϪҲûҪ˵Ȼ֪ˣĽֻķӣһܹܵġ
йվǿᣬβΪ࣬һһƶķת
ӵһ㿪ʼԭ羭תΪ澭ܿ˵һ㾳磬ʼڶ㣬Ȼǵ㣬Ĳ㡣
ǿᣬתٶǳȻޱȣϻ羭µһǧ
˰ʱ֣Ѿһ˵Ĳ㣬Ϫ֪Ҫզ࣬Ừ֪Ҫġ
Ľȥ֮󣬽һϣͻһ㣬ﵽ㣬Ȼ߲ݽ
췢˻澭ʱ磬һʱֵϰϣ澭ʱ峿̫֮ʣӿ֮ʱһɢ羭Чࡣ

һ˰£澭˵ʮ㣬˵ʮͻεţǿҲ޴
ĽϪ˾ϪҡͷҲڰ˲㣬֪ʮΡ
ĽôʱزȻԾһ룬Ϊ羭ԵʣȻ
ĽСͤоһûʲôչϪ̾˿ЩĵСʦܣҾ㻹Ǹûȥһˣһԭľģҿ˺ид㲻Կ˵ҵɣͻƿ
Ľü¶ɫһ뿪ĦԪ̵Լˡ
ʦѾѶȥλʦøŻһʧ뿪޷ġϪЦЦ
ǡĽüҡͷ
ϪЦСʦܣЩǲУһҲûʲôãܵס㲻Ҳ޷
ĽЦ²һ
ԼΪģЩӵĿޣȻûͻƿȴҲͻͽһأٴĦˣһ
Ħĳӥ䲻Ƕĸ֣Ҳ̫࣬ĦԪԼʵͦҪġ
ϪЦνĥ󿳲񹤣ȥ֮󾡿췵أͻˣȻò
Ľ룬΢۾ʱ˼ϪһоǰĽһ±ޣվǰȴΧΪһ壬ѷֱ˴ˣоˡ
Ľǽ˼ֱ֮ϣһ¼ס
ιĽͷãʦֵģȫʦˣȥٻأ
ϪЦ򣺡İɣĦԪ̲ôģʦѾѶ˱߽ʦǣ⣬ĦԪ̵˽
ĽΪȻҡҡͷܷסĦҲˣ߽϶©ġ
ϪЦһοǴˣ©֮㣬һϸҪѣʹҲ̫ˡ
ĽЦŵͷٶ˵

뵽ֱȥ˽յУŵ죬ʮػ᷵ء
򣬶弴ĵӣΪģʹķС
粻ĵĶ·СһĪ̫١
Ľͷ뿪˽ɽҲѩǸ𣬾ֱʩչݵһļС
칦ִһɣ塣
ټֻˣʦ̿λʦɩ̿ڱչֻλʦɩ䳡ϣԵÿտյϡ
Ľҡͷȷʵ̫س֣治ѣæӭ׷ʾ
ĽЦ˵ԭЦڱչأȥкһ
Ľͷܵʦ깦أֻܴˡ
̿պܿһϮɫֱۣ֣˴
ʦĽȥ֮ȭ̾ǻˣ
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澭Ҳˣ̿վʡ
ĽͷͶҽɽ֮ʯ񡣡
ʮˣ̿´Ľľ֮ɫû뵽Ľ澭
Ľͷϣл羭ĵӣ澭ܿ졣
̿Цеͷ
Ľʦ˵ԭľĶοһ£ʦ
̿ҡҡͷû羭Ҳû澭ֻ˻ôҲס
Ľû¶ʧ飺Ҳοһԭİա
ãֱ̿±ߣȻƮ䣬˰գ͵һͣɽʯϣȻ򿪻أһɽʯл澭ľġ
ɽ뻯羭ɽһģһֻʯϵݲͬˣϪ̵ûвֻּͬв졣

Щ죬һһĻһ㣬һƬ̣һŻԾţҪüһ㡣
һԵ𣬺ԼΪһŻ棬ڻԾţǿأ޲ð£ڻһС
Ľָоһȴϱѹסˣָѣһ֣
¼ĵЩŻ澭ϣΪɢǿҵϢ
ĽоﵽľΪֻдﵽľ磬ֱӰ˵ľ־
޼ɣʲôˣ̿պȻڡ
ĽͷΪλʦ飿
֪ˡ̿ҡͷ
Ľʦλǰаѻ羭Բİɣ
ţλ̿յͷ
澭أĽʡ
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Ľһ£ǼһһǾŸˣ
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Ľҡҡͷûôѵģһͨͨ澭׵úܣֻǿס˶ѡ
˭ܸһ̿ûĵ
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ǻķĽܿס֮ʦͽһ£Ľһֱ˼鲻˵
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ͬһķҪḷ̌࣬澭ǡǡ෴·١
Ľ˻¸ƶԼƲȷķľȻͬһȴǡðľ硣
Ľ˼ţ̲סͷĴãͬʱƶķ
ƶһ㣬άͬٶȣʱǰһ󷢺ڣѪӿʼײ
Ľæͣסһü˼ԭ
Ƭ̣ƶ羭뻯澭ķˣҲгͻŵתٶȣû澭뻯羭һٶȣͬʱʼͬʱ
һȴǾˮˮ˴ల£ںһȫΪ澭
ĽȻףŵķٶȣķͬʱʼͬʱ֮ʣڵһһͬº͡


803 Բ
Ľüͷ΢ίʵ죬Ⱦºͣʵԭ֮Ϣȫͬ
ܸоõº͵ϢűҵһͷųȻ춯ء
룬ϸһ֪뵽׵硣
΢̣ЦɢԼĲ²Ƕ֣ķԺһԭһ׵ģ
ͺðˣ취ķͬʱ򼫶ˣȻٿܲͻƿǿҵԤУһҶ·ˡ
Ʈ뿪ʯɽ£ӭƮ˹̿գ޼ɣ¶ˣ
һΣǰƮһ֣˵
Ʈ˴̿ȲĵԲȷʵֻˣͬʱķԲ
ĽЦȻ˰
˵˵ô£̿æ͡
ĽʦҵƿԵɣҾãķԭһķΪ̫ѣԲףɴԲȴķ
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һķ˼ѣͬϣãֲλʦûѣ̫ǵİɣ
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ҪͻƣҪķ̿ü
Ľͷֻˡ
Ҫˣ̿ͷ޺졣
ĽЦûʦôѣֻҪһףױ࣬Ứ̫๦򡣡
̿ҡͷߣҪǲѣҲֻλʦˣ
Ľӣ˼ЦЦ
ǵҲǣҪǲѣλʦҲһ䲻ᣬȻ˵ˣ˵Ҳûá
ԼпܲѣΪǿᣬ߶ķٶ죬Խǳ˵Ȼ̫ѡ

̿հڰ֣ˣͽκΣС츳Ĵ࣬Ҫϧķͬ
ĽͷֻҪɣһпܳƿﵽԲ
ţðɣԿɣǰﲻʲôæˣ̿յͷ
ĽʦĦԪ
̿յϢĦԪڴѳ򣬲㶥⣬ʵ޵ģ̫
ĽЦ󺹵ʵȷʵˣڽŵ֮ȥ߽һӣ
ǵطΣգ̿ü书ȥ٣
Ľͷͻƿȥ
ɴԲ¶ȥã̿յͷЦ
ĽЩţܴͣﵽԲǹŽһˡ
ȻλʦԲȴڰ֮Ȼ¾֮ԼӾʮǰﵽδγɾͣ޷ˣ
ĽȭлʦȻȥˣ
ţȥɣ̿հڰ֣֪ǣŽţҲ
ĽҪ̿æˣҪȥһģ
ĽȻæͷһʧƬ̹Ȼϡ
տյһҲûУʱֹͣĽη޼ɰݼ
ɣһǺ
ĽһʧһڱߴڣȭЦη
һϮ̫ʦڣרŵһ㣬Ųյһڣ̧ͷϸ
𣺡ôˣ
ĽЦʦ书
һЦ㵹ùĦԪ̵书Σ
Ľ̾˿ӥ书ѷңίʵǾУ
İһС֣ҲŻԼҿСѷˣ
ĽЦЦҲǱƵġ
ǱءЦ

ĽǺЦһ֪λشģΪ
ȴᱻɱΣµˣ
ĽҡҡͷΪĦԪ̵£ֻͣˡ
üõĵôΪһССĦԪֹ̱ס£
ﶼŵúܣ˼Ľҡͷ
üߣûϢһССĦԪ̽ʲô
ĽЦССĦԪ̣ηĦԪ̿ɷͬСɣӥֶжףܵУиʹʦ㣬ʦǣܲܵס˵أ
ûϢͱסˣҡͷѣߵŻˣҪ߽ɲף
Ľüͷһ֮˵
ţʮа˾ŹͷҰ˶ȥҲԷһûʲô˵ģ
ĽЦлʦ㡣
ţǻһ飡һۣã˵Ҳ㲻ҲǼʣ˵ʲôҲûá
ĽͷѩȲ£ܱȵµмԼҲֻռ˻Եı˰ˡ
ʺãҲ˹ඥ֮书ҲΪˡ
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ߵҲһ
Ľͷ壬ֻҪҪѧŽɽһʧˣ˼ʹǱ룬Ҳá

һ˹ءһЦ
ĽüͷһȻ
޼㲻֪ɣһʵǾŷ壬ŷ֮⻹һ壬塣
塭ĽͷЦĪǰǵĹ֮أ
ͷ
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ҡҡͷ˶ϡ٣ûǰˡ
Ľ̾˿ͷʦ̿˵һķֻһӣʦ̿գһһˣʦ̿һֱԺ˷ܣ÷塣
Цӯӯĵķפ٣ԪκһĶö࣬λǰפһλǡ
ԭˡĽͷЦأ
ҲǰڣûĶࡣ
ĽǺЦͷѣֲӲݺ޼ɣŮ֮ѹ֮ϣԭ书ǿк̨Ӳ
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תСԺһѣɽС
ϦɽȣһжȾõɫΪ꣬Ϊ֣ŮӣˣʯƽһȦ˴˲ţġ

Ľէһ֣С㷢Ťͷһȴû˵Լתӳ
ϪƮСʦܣʦˣ
Ľͷʦչء
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һ紵ȻŴȴܸо缷ķ϶ƮԼǰӹյĺëǽϡ
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ߵĹУֻǴҴҴȥæúܣ϶ϲɽһϲС
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Ťͷһ˫һĿɨɨȥ͸ɻ
޼ɣˣͷԺĴ

һϮˮĿɨ˼£ͷ޼ɣαչشջѽ
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ĽЦҶѣ
´ҡͷ̾ϢûԲģͷһѽ
ĽЦЦ֪Ϊķֿ֮ʣȻżˣҲ࣬죬һķǱԲġ
Ц޼ڵһˣ¹ȻûˣҲͷ
ˣĵ޼ɣĻ羭ˣ
Ľͷǣš
úãȻ࿮Ȼͷ´Ľ֪Ľ书ޱȣû뵽ôѻ羭˶塣
ǰ˵ﲻľ磬ﵽˣίʵ˸пǧ
ĽЦţĦԪұаˡ
úãว׺ǺЦ
书ϲɺأҪڶɣӭ׵ȹȥˣֻǻϣȻȥӭȢڿȥɣĪҪµȵ̫á
Ľͷãϳ
㱸ˣʯǶȥˣЩǻϣĪҪ˼·ȡ֮ڸϻ
Ľͷõģ

ˣһʧڴڣȴǵɽУɽпյģʯǶˣҲʧ
Ľ̾һʦҲһȥˣԣЩпɡ
ҡҡͷһʧȻɽ£һʮ֮⣬ʩչݵسɴ֮С
ܵӹȻȻ͸ëףײ
ԭʩչṦʱӭ洵ľĪо΢ĸоǿľ񣬶ĲԽϸʹָ磬ܽԭΪһһЧṦЩˣ˵еسɴ編ˡ
ԭҪһ칦񲻹ʱѩµС򣬵һʱʯǡ
һϲСƮƮУޱȵĳС⣬Ľ֮۵ķΧԽʮ֮ɼͷǣҡͷЦ
ⶥӵĹɲСʯ̧ͷ棬ƽỪ̧ǰ棬ϪƮƮʯ˫ִǱġ
˶źɫһ֪ǰϲµģȻһηĴ磬ǿ˾С
ĽҡͷʧЦ˹Ľӣ治һûʸҲûе
ޱȣƾʯǵṦﲻǰͷˣỪһִˣһִƽģȻǰ˹ȥ˷ֱϪעԲٶȡ
Ľس֣һæͣסˡ
ʯǺЦðڳˣٲ֣ӭȢ£
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Ϫڰ֣Сʦܣôˣ
Ľͷ󹦸ˣ
Ϫһŵʣô˵ʮˣ
ĽͷЦǣ
Ϫ㶿Σҡͷ̾ϢһţСʦܣѽ
ĽЦ˴ʦֵ㣬㴫һ澭һҲͻƵľϣǻãء

ϪỪǾܾ̾мֲʵʯȴ֪еľЩСˡ
ǽһȥΣĽЦ
Ϫͷţٺò
С䲻ȸСȫһҿջһҺһģȻȥס¡
ҪһСԺȻĽ˵Ļ羭ʲôأԲĸоΣôġ
ĽҲ˽ԭԭ˵ˣ˵򵥣ȴѣҪһһȡɣ͵
ĽΪǿᣬתٶȿⳣʱ䣬Ϊ񣬲Ъ죬ܴﵽⲽأ޷ơ
ϪỪڸп֮ʣҲϣȻԼСʦܱܲȣȻСʦԲֻҪŬһҲ
ϣϣãĸоȫͬ·ܹȻеף·ٶҲࡣ
ڶ峿ʱ֣Ľѣһĵѣ˾ӣ˼˲š
羭Բ֮˵ʷĪı仯ƺ˼Ʈ֮ȣĵѳ£Խԡ
ϪĴָ̾˲ţƽЦڿȷʵ¹
֮ƣһĿеλƽҲĽúܣȻĽ̾䲻£Ľȴ˳࣬ҲΪƥ䡣
ҲһѣĽϣһ𣬸һֳӢˬ֮С
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࣬ʱһ£ŤͷĽЦʦܣɲΪ㣬Ϊӣ
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ĽȻӦսʯҲֹͣģһӦ
ΪֶŮȻʫԣȴǲµգǲ²УҪѧСУѧҪ³ʮա
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ǵٶȣһ죬ܸϻؽɽԤʱܳ㣬Ҫڶ磬ʱ򵽽ɽá
ϱҰסһޣȻڶߣĥ䣬˽ɽʱߵøҪĥ䵽ʱɽ
ʱĽɽַǳŵƽʣɽϱǧ޲һޡ


805 
ɽʱһƺƵģò֡
˴ӵУɽɽ֮󣬿ʼóףϯǵϵĲյ
ϼźͷȵˣ̬ʱƽʱһо࣬˼Ů˵ζ
ĽһϮĵѣ͸ϲ˵У°أ˶ʽΪһԷޡ
Ȼϲ翪ţ˷׷£ʼԷ¶УĽÿһơ
ڹѾ֮Ⱦ治ɫƽθ֮ϱΪת֮ͬ
֮һָ֣ѾƳ⣬ȴܽתΪٻΪ
Цݣľƣÿһ˶Ҫһһ룬ʯںž̳ͣĸơ
һ̳Ʊȹ⣬ʯһֹ̳ٴκȹ⣬ٶȼ졣
ٿĽ̳ȥݹ˫ȴԽԽ񣬿ʯ̾޲ԼҲ㱾¡
һ˴ڵʮҪȥһʱüͷһ壬ŲͣˣʯȻ޼ɣ
ĽҡҡͷЦһһʱ򣡡
ôˣʯæʡ
ĽӦĦԪ̵ˣ
棿Ҵȥסǣʯ¾̳ҪתߣȴĽһס
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Ľҡҡͷǽˣʲôаɡ
ʯüǽһɱǺã
ĽЦɲǣôĸ֣ԶԸˣһɣҲԹǡ
羭֮ǰᵣĦԪʵ̫ǿŵֵסȴʮ㣬кڣڣһƴ֮

ʯɫᶨεĵͷðɣ
һЦӿԽԽ죬ȥ
Ľü쳤Хһɺণ֮ͷһ壬ˬЦȻֹ
һХ¡¡ĦԪ̳ӥĦ׺׻ͼף»ϲ
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ǰһ۴س֣뺷ӿն
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֮һĽΰ׳ȴһμĳӥĦʱЦб
ĽһЦĦּˣһᣡ
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Ħ١Цһλ׺׻Գ㼴ʹ԰
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һУһֳɫһ£͸ɭɭ
󺺵ɴ۾ԾĽĵףĦԪһһųɣơ

׼֪ţǰ׼ţʱţпܵסûţҪƽһУǧѣҪķӦ볬˵
ĽЦݣ˿Ǳ͵Ϯģ͵ϮóѵһЦеĿŴ󺺡
ĦԾĵ
ĵĽ󺺣Щţмһֱ֪ûУĽƮƮһָᣬƻʵ¶˳书Զǵ޼ɿɱȡ
Ѳɣʲôʲô鵤ҩ
Ľ΢ЦһĦϲãȻĲβͬȫͬĲΡ
Ѹһĵڳ죬˷ӦĽȴޱȣ֮£ʱûҲ˼֣û
ǿޱȣ΢һ˹˷ֳظо±죬ӦޱȵĵޱȣǴ˴Сһ㡣
ЦҡҡͷԼ㾳أǴﵽ˲һĲΣ֮µָ֣ûһԼĶ֡
پ书ǿʩչʧȥһָ֣ΨΪǵĶ֡
Ľ²⣬㶥֣˵ܹӰ죬ָ书ԼΪ޷ʹô졣
յ³һ˫΢лΪһĽضϺһٳһ
һϺըף¡¡˶䷢飬ѪӿҪ̱ڵء
ĽХһণ˶ʱˬָ糣
һ絽ǰٴ˳ȥ
һ죬䵶ɵ˿УԽȺ䵽ߵĴϣȻݶ䣬ٴ䵽棬һ졣
˫ֿտգɫǺŭĽٴζϺһȭ˹ȭͷЮŷ硣
ĽҡҡͷǴ΢Ц˴ǰȭͷȷʵСȴֵһᣬһһ󣬽γŲ֮߳һţ߷ɳȥ

飡ɳ֮أһʯӰһ
ѨѾסˣܶ
ĽһͼһģȻͼӦٶۣȻܣĸš
顱ٴη˳ȥǡԡ
Ľһصԭλʯһ֣ǾԼһΣǹ˺ܾãƻһ¶ѡ
ĽֶĦЦЦҲɱ㣬ǻȥɣ
㡭㡭Ħһ˹飬ԾĵĽ
ĽҡͷĦԪǰԹ޳ٿֻܱǰȥֽһˣ
ŰɣĦָ糣ЦһŤͷ㵽׺׻ǰһֳһ֮ʱתߵʥܵʹ书ǿһЩ谭ʥ̣۵
ĽЦЦҵҪĿԴ
㲻̫õģǣĦЦһһʧ١
ʱŷӦղŵһз̫죬ĿϾӣӦӦʱһжˡ
ĽһһЦ
ҲһΪһսû뵽ȴʤ磬ֻĽһӡ


806 
Ľ˱ȭλǰϯɣһСְˣֵһᣬд֮λǰ
첻Ʈ˶УԲ顣
˲ɴøУҪ˳Ļߣ뿪߷شеľϯ߻شԡ
´ĽЦ޼ɣ书㾳أԲˣ
ĽЦúηЦˡ
Цʲôҿɴﲻľ磡ҡͷ̾Ϣüһˣ
ĽЦҡͷȢ£ͳһңαطǷʲô˴ˣ
õһۣʲôһˣ㣬壬ܻΪһ̸¼󣬻Ҫסģ˵õģ
Ľͷǣס壬סˣ
˵أĽ򣺡޼ɣúã
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Ѿǰ׺׻ˣֻ㣬书ǿҲǿȥˣҪʤ޼ǲܡ
ĦԪ̵ĽĦԪ̼ʹʲôĴɣ֮ǲᶯģҲôס
ţ޼ɲһֱ룬ĦԪȥǲˣ
Ц޷
ĽȴüͷôȥԼĲ뿪ɽˣĽɽȱԱԼһ뿪ĦԪ̵ɽ
ҲüͷȻ⡣
ǲܽɽ⣬Ľ뿪صһɣҪȽǵĺ֮ǡ
õİ취ֻĽڴʱ˿뿪Ľһ뿪˱ڴ˻֡

Ľ˼ЦȲˣϽ˾ƣ붴ˣ
ĽͷⲢü֮£º롣
ʯž̳Цеĵߣȥƣ
ĽһľƣһΣ࣬μӾģĪһˣĽ书
ͣ书˵µһ֣ܲύлԲ
Ľһһ˺ѣ԰֮ǵġ
Ⱦʹ죬˺һһľһһ˵ģٶȿջʱ˾ơ
ƣӣһûУǵξδմ
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Ľ˺ȹ˾ƣĵص˶ͷĺͷ
һжǺģ򣬴ֽӳӳõɫһϼ½ˮ۲ӯӯ͸һ˿ɬ
ѩĽĿ£ԲԾĽľƣӿƣΡ
һƬһ磬˴š
¾ڴߣ΢ף糺졣
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ĽЦе˵һЩ˵һĦԪ̵׺׻书˵˵ţһȻ
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ʯպȵ˸߲ңʱǼһЦ֪˱˴˵˼Ҫֶ
˾ϯЩߣĽСԺȥԶʱƽȻһʯ
ʯͣתͷƽʦ֣ȥ֣ʦܰɣ
ʯڰ֣İɣûôС
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ʯһۣЦЦûϢļһ¹ﶼѾ˸ˣҲ
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СʦҲǵģü
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˵ʦܣ̫ݣʯ
ڰ֣ʦַİɣ׵ģ
˱죬ŲսĽСԺŷȥԺﱻǺ
СԺﾲĵģû˵еƹš
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Ľ޼ɣǿԷĽĽȴܲʲô¶ɵóһסԼˣó

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ȥ׷ĦԪ̵ˡµ
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ʯæȥ׷ĦԪ̵
µ˵˵һ˵ǻҪûǵѡ
⡭ʯ˾Ķһۡ
ĦԪȻڴ󺹲ʲôɣ˵ȴȻκһǶĸ֣ǳܲסҪȥѣǵ죬ţƢַˣ
¹㲻ȥʯʡ
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ѾԹˣҪ˯ˡµ
ǺãǾͲˣʯͷ֣˳ĽСԺƮԺǽ֮ʻεĶЦЦ

ʦܻǡԶˣͣƽҡͷѡ
ʯ̾˿Ⱦøж־ò
Ҳݵģ֮ҹȻԼһ˳ȥǡ
ʯбһۣҪһҲûôĳɾˣ
ͷóϷԼ޷һ㣬绨ӣԼһȥɱˣǺεɷ羰°
ҲӣһŮˣưոݣͬ⣬һ
ʯҿҲ»ȥԾˣɽȣɣ
Զԣȥƽæͷ
Ľ㣬úܲζԼԽ̫٣ԭΪԼһ쵽æͣΪ˽ŶܶĽ㣬žԼûԶԶ
սȭͷĳȡ
ΨΪĸ֣Żоɫ˶ԼʸȢһ˶
תᶨĳɽȶȥէһɽȣáءĽХ·Х
ǿˮ̶һڹȴѩ»öˣȴڼ֮С
ͣһ۶ɵ̾Ϣһܸоѩѹ
ֻ꣬ѩѹٱǧһйҲʵ
ʦܡʯҡͷ̾Ϣ
Сʦã
ҪסȴѾƮȥѩǰѩһֳ
һϮȵζįһ顣
˵ӳˮʦ֣
ǸȥֶʦܸڡҡͷЦ
ڣѩһ
ɲѾȥ׷ĦԪ̵һˣ˵Ҫǵѣһš

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ȥ˴󺹣ѩɫٱ䡣
󺹶ڶ˵̶Ѩ纷룬Ժö䣬󺹵书ʤ
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ƽİɣʦȻΪϸ׵úܣصĵġ
ʯͷѣ⵹ҲǣʦֶܵθǰһҲȷʵصġ
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ɽϲһʱɢȥǰʼɽһĻ
ʯȴȫᣬѾ۵û۾ҪһȪһⷦ˯
Ůʱ棬Ҳû˵ȨûʼԼĽ뽣
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ôƫƫ书ôߣķǿԼãķֲ塣
һ˶ʾ˫ͨ²֪ʶߣ֮̿Զһ˿ɱȡ
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807 
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ʦܣˮ̶˾һæƮˮһ𣬶ʱˮĽѻָ
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ʯӭҡͷЦȥֶ㾹Ȼ¹Ӱ˶ҹȥ׷ɱĦԪ̵ļһ̫ɷ羰̫ˣ
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һλɽҪ¼ʦ̿գҲһҪǰ󺹱߽磬̽һ̽󺹵ʵ취ԸĦԪ̡


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809 ȴ
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ĽЦȷʵˣԲ綼һˣеʽǰٳ
СΪʦⱲǱˡ̿ҡͷ̾Ϣ
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̿ü룬κ޺޵ĵ˰ա

ĽͷȥħǱ߿̽һǵʵȻȥ󺹱߽磬̽̽ĦԪ̵ʵ
̿üͷէ㡭
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ĽħźȻﶯӦ飬ǲʲôʣŪߡ
ʲôʣ̿պһƲÿһӾֲˣ
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ⲻܡ̿ҡͷ̾ôһɵ˻ûһϳġ
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󺹱߽һɵĵӣȻ֪󺹵鱨

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ĽüͷһҡҡͷܲƵӰɣ
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ʮһ㵽ʮһ㣬ΪȴԶʵĲҪĹܴﵽ¼ʹŮҲûʮİա
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ԽԽáĽͷЦһ˵صǱ·ؼʱܱһ𲻾
˵ɥòͷڰ֣ӯӯƮ˳ȥĽֻܶ౧ȭ΢΢һЦʧ

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˱ˣҲԵĽġҡͷ̾ϢһǸп
ĽЦЦ⻰һ٣µʼѣʤһԲŵӣԼ羭ԲŮ˽
ƴĿ֪˶ʱ估ѪһɽϿʵǣ˪ѩȴȻڵı˱Ѹٶϣתۼ䳬˹ȥܿңɼָоĽ
ŮŮľԲȴףķס
ĽͷһҲͻ֮ǿᣬת죬Ҳôķ
µãȴûĵ񣬼ʹŮҲô״ﵽԲġ
ЦЦ˵ܴﵽԲģϣ
ĽЦҿҲϣ
ҡҡͷ̾Ϣһʮһ㣬ʮһ֮ңȴģɽһţ
Ľʣбķӣ
ҡͷһЦŮϧûµĻԵ
Ľҡͷת⣺֪ĦԪ̵ĵϸ
ҡͷҽʱĦԪѾɢˣҸȼ˵⼸̧ͷ֮񣬵ʱ仹̣û򡣡

˱߱˵·ٶȼ죬칦򣬵˴붫ı߽磬ȴһ޴Ρɽبǰ·һԡ
Ļ̌ͷ˷ӣɽߣʹĿһȥҲɽ
ǡĽȻû˸ɽ
ɽ
·ˬ˿ûƣ֮ɫŮľȷʵĽ̾ѡ
Ľ̾Ϣһɽ
΢Ц˵ɽв˼֮ӹŵû˵סˡ
ҡҡͷ΢ЦɽĴ˵಻ʤ廨ţ˵ʲôĶУûܱ٣ô˵һģû
̫ңĽ
ͷвԹ;ϣе˵洭Ϊ̣˵̫Ź֣ܴ͸ͷһ±˶ҲûãлҲûá
Ľ˵һȻ֣󺹵ĸַ
̾Ϣһǰ˴ɽڣǶ̫ƽӣٸߵĳǽҲס
ιȥĽʡ
գ
Ʈǰ˽Ÿ·ܿһСǣСɽɽӳ¼ΪСɽһСʯͷ
˳Ǻ󣬾ֱߣһֱ˱߳ţںڵĳǶɽģɽһŶ
Ľһűɣĳ׽ʣˣǴֱˡ
Ҳ˵󣬱ǳ֮Ҳһܹˡ
ǰ߸վĸ꺺ӣ΢һȥһ㣬ûаϢ硣
ĽüͷһΪ̶ȣҲ˵Ϊĸߵͣݾ㼫Ϊˡ

Ʈ˽ǰһ꺺ӵĪʦܡ
꺺òƽƽ֮ͨʹҲܿǣ޷Ժӳӡ
ۣƽ¶죺Ρʦ㣿
ţҡס
ΧͬʱۣʮӳգΧʱһĽ΢۾Щ˵Ϊȷʵ˲١
꺺ŤͷλֵܣǱĺη
ԭǺη棬Ŵһᣡ˷׷ױȭ˵
ͷǴˡ
ʦΪˣ꺺ʡ£æʵ
ء
أ꺺ɫһ䣬æʦ㣬⡭⡭
Ǳ˳룬ֻܽͨˣ书ģģ֮ǲܽģΪˣȨɱ
һЦҪȥһߡ
꺺ӳһ£ʦ㣬֪Ϊ߾ºе֣ǲͬġ
΢΢ЦĪʦܲصģ⣬ֻҪǹȥˡ
꺺εĵʦ֪𣿡
ӻȡһöɫС˰ڣȻ뻳ȡһöɫķӣ
꺺̾˿ŤͷλֵܣͨƣǷаɣ
˷׷׵ͷãУ
Ľ΢΢һЦ˺꺺ӵԣ˺ڳһƣٴ״


812 
¡¡Ŵмһ֣ߣһڵĶ˸ǰ
꺺ҵĹĽ΢΢һüͷﳣ˴ء
СģһϺȣ꺺͵ǰȥͬʱһӰɽײ
顱һ죬˷ֿͬʱˡ
꺺ǰǵӰ֮ʣٴιӰٴμٺˣɽ
˿ֹͣתͷ
ĽѾ壬ĺӰǸʮ꣬¡ĿȻǴ󺹵Ѫͳ
˭ʡ
ĪҡͷЦ֪ߵغҰСӣʦ㲻صģ书ʲô
Ϊ㣿üʡ
ĪƢãº͵ĵǲ׼书Ĵ˽ģһ֣ɱۣһЩ֪ߵغСӴǿ{ӣ봳
ͷߵɱˣ´λҲң
ĪҡͷЦʦ㣬ʹãһˣǿͱѣǿɱģǵֲסġ
סü
Ȼ֪Σ˵Ϊŷ֮һķ̷ִǵϢȴôͨҲᣬĵӲ
һΪһɵİæжɵľӢӣһЩĸ֣˵ѹס󺹣Ҫסһȴѡ
ҡͷԼ뵱ȻˣС˴󺹣˼ɵȻ󺹵ʵΪˡ
Īҡͷʦ㣬󺹸ֻ֣ôλѣչؿޣôǣһˣɱ˱ɱˣǼλͽͽȴֵģ򾪶˱չصǣǿһƽ٣
ʲôźɽһ

Ī˲ȴŶڣй޺ȻڳһˣƿڴߴٸϽ뿪
ɫ˶俴ӣʣȴѾʤգƽȻͬ޲úһֱ
Īҡͷʮ֣һĴڣκһǣܽ췭ظ
βǣüʡ
ĪҡͷЦ̾Ϣεˣǲɱøɾˣ
ţǵҲǡף΢ЦȻҲ˼ɣûڡ
Ī˰ȻͷǣǴڴ󺹣Ȼôǣǣ֣Ҳδֺã
úãˡȻһЦ
а˸˶ʱͷһǰݹ֮ʢǹɫ㣬һЦǡ
ĽǸýȥˣ
߰ɡͷ
ĪɻĽԺĸ֪֮߰һɵĪС̫²ĺȳ⡣
ǰò˵ˣȴܲĻӣίʵ˼飬̫ˡ
λСֵǡЦǺǵʵ
µ޼ɣ˵ɣ
ԭʦܣһᣡĪæȭǺЦʦܵĴ׹ǰȴûϵó׾
ǿᣬ֮⣬ʵǿȻ٣ԭֻʦͽˣȴǾĸ֣߷ֻгԱķݶ
ĵϡ٣ȴһȻ˹עÿһĵӶһ֣ʹڲǣҲȻǡ
޼˼£ǽݵ͵֮ڣνһɵʵĪ
ȻǣһɵĵӣԵõ˶ݵĴУԼʵĽȻм
ĽЦűȭûж˵
ȹȥʲôպ˵
ãʦʦСġĪ˵ͷ

ʧɽ༸˶Щģȴûж˵Ż֮һſ˵
һԲЦеʣĪ֣λιʦ㣿
ϻĪЦҡͷʦ㿴ᣬСһ㣬ʵѾʮˡ
ģ˶Щš
Ī̾Ϣķ죬פ֮ЧʦΪഺפġ
ĴǾȻŵԲ˵ͷЦȢŮˣһӲû׻
İɣĪæҿһۣ⻰ʦⲻ˳һͷ
ԲЦеĵ˶ѵζҲɣ
Īˡ͡Цһҡͷѡ
Ī֣ѵǣԲЦʡ
Īҡͷ̾Ϣһɵĵӣ˵⻰ʦλ磬ִһɵ̷ɲ˵ЦģĸӸٷ
ϧϧԲҡͷ̾ϢЦߵ˭
Ī˵޼ʦԭŵӣһ壬δľ֡
˵ͷȻ򣺡ŵ޼ɣ˵ȷʵǸԭһɣҲѹ֣ҪһɵģɾͣһܷŹ
ĪЦǺǣȷʵɫģһɵĶ˵˾ŹأѾȢһλʦá
Բҡͷ̾Ϣ˱ˣȢŮӣ޸죡
Ī˵ͷĽģֻλʦܴ˾Źأˡ
ǡ˶ҡͷ̾ϢǼĽ

ĽϢһƻͨɽһеĵɽյһ㡣
ɽԼһֻܲˣʱʮվɽĶǡ
ĽѾ仯òĿ¡ǵĴѪͳ֮ˣȴ򡪡̥Ǿ
̥Ǿͨͷı仯ı˵òҩ࣬Ȼ޴Ӳޱȡ
̥ǾǿһҲȱݣ뻯ʲôʲôֻͨ޵ļͷ仯ֻܱ仯ɱϲӣ«ưģ±ˡ
Ľµ˵ȴǱãǱɵӣ׽Ҳϲ
ʮ궢ǣ˫һ㣬Ź⣬ɨ˼֮¶м֮ɫȴͣںϡ
УĽûһߵϢȻǲ书ģǶԣһĴڡ
ȥϢ仯ò֮ŮԣʱòҲǼѷԭò
˵ȥϢ֮ݹûôʢʲǰǾɫ˶עĿ
һʵǰһȭ΢Цλﲻ֪ηϣ޿
һϮɫ񣬵мŷȣųģװΡ
һŨü۵ǰһ磬Ϻȵ°ף֪﷼
źɫװһ̴򣬿Ÿɾ䣬üۼȴ͸ż֮ȻǸ
üСŮӼҳݣÿ
Ľ̤ǰںǰλС㲻ʶÿһ£
Ǻǡ޿΢Цҡͷαؾǧ֮⣬漴Եֺηأ
ź˪ƳһۣŤͷȥȴǰĽæӿ첽ǰͷƺҪ·
㣬Ȼòޱȣ޿ҲˣǼףòףӲȱ˶
˼˲ʶ̧٣ʱ˫ۺ䣬̤ǰסɽ·ɽҪȥ봳ǡ

ĽüǺοҲʹ죿
ҡͷЦ٣СӺôĿҲʹĲǣǣ
Ľ̾ѧ˼Ĺ򣬾;µһˣ治֪ǼҴνǵģ
С״һȭ˹
Ľȴȭͷܣȭͷ䵽ţ顱һ죬аܸ
ǵɴ۾ԾĵĽ
ĽȻվţȴ⡱˼ɫǺ죬ԾĵĽ
Ȼʵû뵽Ų书Ľ㱾£Լһȭȥҵʯͷϣȭͷʹ飬ѪӿŻ
Ľޱϲڿһʯͷ
㡭㡭ָĽĿɿڴԭΪĽ书ȴǸ֡
Ľÿɣ
ã˲¶࣬ˣҲһţתߣһ߰ȭͷ
ףԼԷ̫Զپȥ֮ǣɷ죬Ϊϲߡ
ĽЦЦ׿³çȴǸˣһȱߣѵѵãõŵ¡
ȻΪѣתͷһ޿ΪΣ
޿΢΢һЦԭλ֣׾Ҫһ
ӽԸ׳Ա񣬸֮ҲֲܴĽڴ˰ףѹһͷٺò
Ľµܵ飬Ǹհգ
Ǻǣղײգҿڰɣ޿ǺһЦ䳤سʣΪһ׺ֱ
Ľüҡͷһ͵Ϯҽһ㣬ϡƽǴ󺹱ظô֮
̾Ϣ棬󺹾ڸƣӹҲ٣޿ıҲ书ȴ˲

ɳǰȻָһ˶ߣȴֱ˳ȥ
š޿һֱֻ飬Ѫӿǰһķڣʡ
֪ĽһаѰ׾ˣһвҵȴû뵽ԼһҲס
Ľã鷳һã
롪޿һͷ˺ʯڣÿм·
ĽŤͷС㣬롪
ףȻɨһ޿С
޿ŵ㣬ֻٴαסˣ̲סҪ˹ȥдһ˿֪ĽȥҪȡ裬ֻӲסˡ
Ľ߳ɽǰһƬãĲԭһȥ߼ʣֻããһƬ̲ӡ
ǺõطĽ̾
֮أĽûпҲƽ̹տĵطȴûô󣬿Ҳûض֮С
طãȴҲΣգҪ£ñ˷
ĽЦηˣ̥ǾֻҪ²̫û˻עģ
ҡҡͷС˴󺹣˵һ㱻עأʹû֣ҲܵģһΧסˣ֮أ
Ľ΢ЦͷãǾֱȥĦԪ̵Ľ
ͷƮ̤ããԭĽָʾһ˰칦ܳԭһ½ǧ֮Զ


813 
˲ԭһСС붫ȻͬݽԲ񷣬һһİԲڵϡ
۷ȥСǰٸͷããһƬ
ϵĽֵ󣬶ǣУǵ˵Ц˻һɷ֣СԵζ˼ϰߣ޲űӡ
ĽС򣬾ΪȤ˵Ŀĵɨɨȥ龡۵ס
ţü°Ȼ
һ·ԶʮˣŮ٣һ书мΪиеͰˡ
һֱ˵ȫ䣬ѧʢȴûᣬۼиов
侫ÿһˣѪ֮Ѿ裬ĴҪܣɱеˡ
Ҳֻ룬󺹹ǿᣬھǵҪˣһͳˡ
ĽҲüͷҡͷû뵽󺹵ˣǴ۽磡
ףţֲʵ֮ǿ
ĽǶܲҲˣ
ҡҡͷ̾Ϣհݾˣ˶䣬һѾˣ
Ľҡͷؼͷ󺹵ĻؼΪţ
ڸ䣬һһǿûǿѹ췴󺹻ʵ
̾ÿһε֮Ƕ˵ҲգҸطЪһЪŰɣ
Ľͷҹգȴûҵпջ֮ĵطĽۣ֮һ䷿һ䷿ӿûҵ˶ۼ֮
ЦĪǿһ˼ס
ͷţ
ĽȻ󺹵ķ׼Ϊÿͣпţزܾд

ĽȻͷ뵽˺ɹŲԭȷʵһΪԭտѵüˣһİˣϡ棬д顣
һҿɾԲӣȻţһŮԲĴۺƯ
Ĵˣʲô£Ľǰ˵Լ˸·ˣҪסһ
ŮЦŵͷӦǰͷ·ܿ촩һСԺӣһԲӣѥӣʾҲѵѥӡ
ѥӽȥźĺɫ̺Ÿιޣ͸һɳϢ
Щ谵С£һϥǽ£રવĳ̴ƣǰһɫСԲһյһ̹Ϲ
үүλˣŮǰǰЦӯӯĵ
ĽʮΪǶк
ĽһߣݰС΢ͷ򢣬ݵ˫۷ŻްĹ󣬺нľӡ
Ľ̾ȻǸ֣ѡ˼ʱ㷢죬һǿϢ֣һֻͻ̾ᡣ
˽ǰָоԣ˵Ϊ֮һҲѹûз
󺹹Ȼһϣ̾ţ˸֣ʹһɣҲǾһĴڣиޣѹס
̴߰ӣ̧ͷЦеĵúã˿˺ãλ˲֪ȥ
ĽЦ˼ңǴľͼȥ߹ؿһ˵ǱߺǷҪʶʶ
ȥǰðȥҲáߵͷԸȥ˲
ĽЦҡͷ鷳סһϱߣдˡ
ߺǺЦСǶˣ
Ľһ漴ЦͷǾͲˡ
ȻԼڴ󺹵˽⣬Ͼûദȫ˽⣬¶š

ϾòǴѪͳҲݱ˻ɣֻΪƢһЦеģȻҲûлɡ
ŮܳȥܿյЦеĵݸˣֱֱˣЦҪ𣿡Ƕ˰ɣȥǳ԰ɣ
˵ձ˳ȥ绶С¹
ҡͷǺЦЦСѾͷܾûˣˣö
ĽЦ˼ܽʵϵ׳ء
ҡҡͷ̾Ϣһˣˣϵһжûʲô˼ˣΪͷϢˡ
ĽЦʣ˼Ҹٰ
˽;ʮˡ̾Ϣ
ĽͷЦ˼ҵĸˡ
ˣŮˣǶˣֻôһͷӣһ˻ʲôζһҡͷ̾Ϣѣ͸ųĺ
ĽЦǻ
ߵͷ̾ϢǰҲΪУûͲˡ
˵ŻĹŮ˽ʲôҪȥˣúһٴ͡
ȻܾûˣĽĵ˷ܣ޲óõĶд
ȴȥһϢһ£Ǹһ·ӦˣϢһٳԷ
ŮĽһԲӣڵĽһȻ뿪ˣҪȥ⣬Ҫ֡
Ľĵ̺ϣһ·Ҫ˵Ľȴһơ
֪ı죬
ĽԴ֮Ǹ֡
ɴ󣬸ӳԾԼ棬Ȼûзһ϶Ϊ֮ɼһ㡣
ĽԴܵҲ֪Ǻη󺹹ȻԻС
Ҳû뵽Ͷޱһ֣ȻĽΪ֮תתĽ

Ľе˼һֵָʵǵķǶʲôͬ
Դܺߵ˵书ǿʲô̶ȣܴù
Ľͷù
һһۣ
ĽǺЦЦֹͣܣ˵̺ϣһõطһѡ˼ң
Ϣһɣһۡ
Ľͷãһ
˶ĵ̺ŵ̴㣬֮ѣɡ
֮ô֮˵Ŵ󺹵ķףƽʱ˵Ҫעĵط
֪У̫ԽԽĹҲ˲˵С
Ľ΢˯˯״̬УȴûֱӦĦԪ̽ڡ
״̬£ֱ׼ʹ׼ȷĸоĦԪ̽ڣҲܸоķλ
ֻҪŷȥѰңĿֱԽԽ׼ҵĽŴ˵㡣
ΪǿֱҲԽľ׼ǿĽԼã˺ɱˣ˵ɱǧ֮ء
ڹ޴磬ԷȻ˴΢״̬
ĽǺЦӦһƺ˯ˣЩ۾
˳ӣصǰ˵ڣƻ֮ͨ£һʢķѾںˣЦһ̳
Ľ֮˿ʼԷһ߳һߺȣŮղĽԵü㡣
̳ƼңĽһһĺȵʹ죬պ룬߳Ľľ
ȻһЦҹմϵ̵Ůɫһ²԰ס

һɫʱָ˺һЦűըľ书ֱˡ
ɫЩÿܵסЦȴҲѪӿܣؼЦ֮˵֮ʤһ
һĹ书֮ϵĸ֣ĴԼ书䲻µһȴҲ޼ĸ֣ЩһĸȻڵġ
ⳤЦ֮˵ҲСˣǰʮ߲̫࣬ôͣΪôҲûʲôˡ
뵽һ򴰿ڣѾվڴλãȵĪģЦˣȻҵͽɣ
ǺǣͷڻҵһЦУӰһڶһͷߡ
ͷͺͺģǺУûн̣ȻǹͷǺУӥӣһ˫Ǵ۴ȥһɫȵͷӶѣʵڲ֡
۴˫ȴ䣬ǡ
߻ͷЦĪģڻˣ
ͷ˭˵׼أĪЦĿɨĽηʥİ֣
Ǽ޵ĿˣǵĶԹ޹ءҡͷο֮Ƕûûˣ
ƯŮޣĪߵĿںתת˻ȥЦֵܣ
ߵȻһʶ
ߣûɻСȴഺ䣬ɱ㱨˴𣡡ĪЦ
ɫһ㻹һңҪ֮£
ĪЦٺ٣ٺ٣ʲôҲңֻҪҶӱʲôɵó
ɱҶӣҺαȥɱӣ
ĪЦðңѰ·
ҲǴܹߵ
˵Żһȭཻ顱죬յĴ׹Χλƽơ

ĽɨһˣǿŽȭţȴƴֻҪһûܵס
Ľҡͷ̾Ϣһųеҧűĺ촽̵ͦı΢΢ţǵǡ
һСȴҪ࣬Ľ²̣Ťͷһۺͷ
Ľһ£Լ磬ԭ޹أûʲôϸ𣬲ȻѾϣߵдǷһ飬Ȼ֡
СĴָ̧һ£һ֮ƮƮķɳȥ䵽ڴ򶷵Īϡ
һ壬ʱĪߣĽȻһ˿˿룬ĪһͣʱŻһ¡
飡ߵһƽʵʵӡڶؿڣĪ߶ʱ˳ȥײǽڡ
飡һ죬ҡһ£Ī߾Ƕǽϣһ档
ƮųȥĪûӦһӡؿڣĪߡۡ³һѪеɷٵŭߣղĵһԴ
үүŮ˵߻
ͷЦǺǵתͷĽ
Ľ΢Цͷϲ˼ҵñٺȼ룡
Ǻǣãл飡߹ЦһŮļ򣺡ȥ
֣ŮĨһᣬӦһת˳ȥ
ߴһ״ָܿ糣ߣųԲ˺ȾƣʲôҲû
ûж˵ʲôûĽһ㣬ĽҲ˵ֻǲͣĺȾơ
һ̳ȥ֮ߺ棬˼꣬ӻͳһƤݸĽ


814 
ĽɻֽӹƤչȴһЩﶯͼԱ档
Ľһ֪书ţι״ϵãӦòǴ󺹵֡
󺹵·ϣѾѧϰ˴֣йĿ֮ܣѧϰȻչ죬칦Ѿѧᡣ
Щ־Ǵ֣룬û̧ͷʣ˼ңǡ
̾˿ҡͷϷ书ķ
Ľæ˼ҵ˼ǡ
̾ϷѾûˣֻôŮ飬ֲϲ䣬Ҳǿ书ʺŮûʲôô
Ľͷи˵Եǿġ
Ϸ˥Ҳͽܵ˼书ʧ紫Եˡߵͷ
ĽЦ˼زʶҲʰɣ
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ߺǺЦЦͷ⵹ҲǣϹʱ֣Ҳʶ߰˰ˣϵòȫ
˼ǴʶЩֵģĽʡ
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ĽЦǣл˼
㲻ʲôСֵܲã߰ڰ֡

ĽصԼͬһңϰײֱͬڵ̺˯ûд˲Ρ
Ƕ˯ڿ̿˽ߵıԣЩˣ֣ΪԼڴ󺹻Ǵ粽Уݺˡ
֮£ʹĦԪ̵Ľܲɱ˼ңԭ鵴Ȼ޴档
ǻ֮󣬸ûǱƤ£ֱ˹
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˲ζУŽǱƤ
Եȣ·һ㣬˵ŶˣҡͷЦȻˣҲܵõţ
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ҡͷЦЦ˰ɣ˵书ʺŮ˵Ůľӣķ̫̰˵òʧ
Ľһ֣˵ŪˣҾķףϹʱĶ
ףϹʱĶȷʵףϹʱƣ˵ЮɽĴͨ˲ФԽԽ
Ľ̾˿ϧϹ̫Ѷһʶֻܸɵۣⷽ鱨
ȥѼһЩ
ĽЦŵͷɵǿ֣ν˶ȷʵһǿҲƣ书ǿᲢãһЩ鲢书ܹģ±õһ

ΪνǸ֣ˣԲܾʶ֣ȻǾޣ鱨ޡ
һȴͬеĵӶΪЧȻͬһŴһ
;һɽʱȻͣסŤͷ޼ɣи뷨
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ĽЦǰǳӦ˰ɣһ˶˸
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΢ЦǺãǽɽһطǽɣȥĦԪ̵Ľ
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ĽĿתֻʤգĶһĪĶ̲סҪ̾

ԣʯڶռˣȻƮȻأתͷĽĽͷ
ƮʱʯϹ⻬羵Ǳƽƽйһ㣬Ƭֻ
֪ĽһйĿ֮ܣһȻܼסдʱ˵Ѿˣסڻ¡
ȻĽͷ΢Ц֪ܲɣеı仯ҪϬʩչ
Կաǽ֮ɣΪԭ£̫ˡ
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˸˾ְϬһһУһ˲ϳ
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ȷʵˡͷˣʼɣԵģȻٺȡˡ
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ǰǽֻǵûлɣֻοԲ书
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Ȼźȴ⣬ܲȫںϣһЩ벻ϣϲĬ
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Ůľ죬ܹͨĿ̽Ľͽ޹ҪĬʮ㣬Ҫĳ顣

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ǽһһɽˮˮҪŸɽתݣγɰȻ·ܻ
һ˷ָʹһԾŶƣΪˮĽתһʱ֮Ӧ޷
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һֱĽ书Ҳܺ棬֪ǿΪɲ⣬жǿȴûᣬȻҪԡ
Ľ˵һת⵽Ľǰ
ĽָһȻԵãһǰƻʵ졣
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ĽԾƵ̧֣ʳָĴָһۣһٴε
ĽԿóȴûɳģ߳ŭȴú
ֽӹٴδ̳㺮ǣС
ĽƵָһĽʱɢٴεɣȴԿɳġ
ҧź촽ٴλ֣ҪĽɣĽȻ飬ȴУһУƾһĻ裬ֻһȥ캮⡣
ת۹˹ʮУĽԾЦģɫȴԽԽһ㺮˪
ˣȻʣŭȵͲһң
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һһ֪ˣȷʵҸʰ·磡
ĽЦЦǼģѾԼ˼
ٴʩչǽʱĬ࣬Ľɽ紺תһһᣬһһΪһ壬Ⱪǣγһź硣


815 
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İɣʮ㣬˵ĸоǿ۾˵ģҵġЦЦ֪Ľèӡ
ҪⲿŵĿȴƫƫҪţһ˶ĪĥܲɫֵѾ˲ˣԼûԣͿڱԹˡ
ĽһЦԸҹ
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Ҳпܰɡͷ
ౡһĽæ̧ͷȥһСڵ˲䵽ǰٶ죬Ṧʤһ
Ľ˷Ī̲ס̾ٶȣ죬ϧϡ֮ͨ飬Ҫ׽ܡ
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ҲҡͷЦЦû취̫࣬󣬴ô಻ٶȡ
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ĽüͷһУ
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ЦҪǺѣ˭ùЩǣȴͬΨһһԲģڳܵһӵģ
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ҪϹ֡ϵͲݹЦеĵѾ˷˹ֻҪĲұǡ
ĽͷЩеĽӹͲһЩֽһһжʮš
Ľһһŵƣһŷٿһţܿʮſˣݻظ
֪йĿ֮ܣЦӯӯóƤ顣
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뻯羭ȣһЩʡ
ĽͷӦøʤһϾϹŵ书֮󣬻һپƥС


Ľͷ̾ϢķУֻߵ·Υǵľѭйأš
׼һ𣿡
Ľһ£ҡҡͷǵ֮󣬻ȥ԰ɣ˷ǵ书ȫͬϵСһЩ
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칦ڵһǣվڳǰԡϦ⣬ĽҡͷЦ治Уǲ
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Ľǽɷ뺮ɢߵĵ֣ٶǽǼѡ
ʮʱ߱·磬ĽʩչǽԽ죬ҲԽԽ󣬵˺ѹ͸

ߵΪȲĽʱʩչǽ൱ĽһȻǶ֡
ŭһֳһɽ磬һ֮󣬶ʱһתγһ׺ϻ󷨣һγɵĺ⵲סǽ
ĽüȥҪȥĦԪ̵Ľܣ㵲סԼˡ
Ϣеһָǽϣһߣʱһ룬ɢ˵ĺϻ
ĽৡĽ̳Ľһ٣ͬƮһĽУٳԭٶȡ
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飡һ죬Ľͬʱһ
ĽüȥߵȭͷѪȴԲֳ˹顱һȭһȭһȭȭӲƴ


816 
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ʮͣᣬ֮һȭȥԽʯɷĩ
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ĽԴȻ𾴣ȴɱ֣ĦԪԽҳϣԽĺһ˿Ĺ˼ɣ첻ɱĻսŻһɶùǲĴʴȵġ
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һƬУĽƶʱһͣѹסˣðѪ飬ʱָž綾


818 
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Ҷҩ书ǿɣȻܷŹͬΪ£һöһöǽȻͬġ

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顱һ죬ĽײҲĽָ
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Ľ󷨣ѪȴõĴ֮ȫ֮Ϊһأܵõѧ飬󲻹

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ߵ·ƣʵʲͬһӳһӾǿǿ书

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üܣǽһܣһЩ飬ǰһȴΪĩƮɢ
Χһжûʲôֵˣ̾ϢЩʧ
˵ǴˣϾΪᱧȭйȻӯӯ˳ȥһٶˣٻŵĽĵĻص¡


819 ĦԪ
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һ书ﵽԲ徭粻һ΢ɲһͿܳΪ谭
ĽȻκõˣϸһ󻼣뵽һεĽ֣ɳһ亹޼벽ԼѾˡ
Իƣȷʵԣľôǵס򶫳Ǵ󺹵ˡ
ܿ˿ƣ΢ɲ죬Դ绯ķž
һʱһ䣬Ľţ뵣·һɴסӣмֹ졣
Ȼ뵽ķмأķʵûʲô˲𣬱ĻԶˣԶ󷨡
Ľ죬ܳ࣬ǵˣû󷨣Ҳ֪ķҪ¶Ҫңתڣ
һ֮ϵƽתԴתһ硣
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˵򣬵õȴ죬򵥣˶˵ˡ
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󷨱ˣŲѣѣҪɣÿһ㶼ǵһ㣬ԷԽ
Ľл羭Բǰúģʹʱɣˡ
ĽģӦ˵һķ

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ĽģӦɵһ㣬ѪѪһ仯Ȼ仯ԲŻ뵣֮״
һԽŨԴʼӿȥ£ؿλãؿλԽԽŨĿλγһš
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ſ֪Уɫ䰵ȴûб䰵ĽɢӫӫĹ⣬ӳܡ
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һֱſԼ˰ʱɵȫʧȻ֮󻺻ߣһֻ˽ȥȥɷǹŹ֡
Լãǵڶ㻯裬̲סҡͷ˱ˣ˽ķûʲô޼ȴ˰죬㵽㾳أԶߡ
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޼ô죬Ȼ׿ڳˣΪѾﵽԲĻ羭İ󣬷ٴǿᣬҲѸ͡

ߵȻһٴһȴǽֻСȥ֮ٴȥȻֶһֻСߣȥ֮ʱһһߣȻһƬ͵һ׵ȫһȥ˺һڿնڿһ
һϢһ˿˿һƴǧë󣬻һƬγһɫ֣ĽȫС
Ȼһۣϵֱ䶷ţͷʯϣļʯϣڶʱ
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ⶴĦԪǵһĦԪֵĶʯϿһĦԪ
һĦԪ̵Ľ˾СɣⴴĦԪ̣Ӵ֮ÿһĦԪ̵Ľ˲ĦԪ
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ָ֮һ˻羭ԲǹվĦԪ滹һƪţνĦԪ֤ĦԪĵķš
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ҲȥȡƥļŻȥȻֱӷǡ

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ǵװ磬ȻЩˣĽɨһۣʶԽǿᣬһۿвһָ֣ز¶ȻѷһȴҲԾˡ
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Цеĵţʦмλϣעָ֮㡣
ҡҡͷЦЦͷţɫ࣬ǺЦ޼ѽͱˣΪ֮ߣνУעĻܲˣܿע⣬νֲǳ
ĽҡͷЦʦǧô˵ֻǵԵɺϣ֮ҲĵزۼѧʶԶλ
ЦҲ¿ˣļʶԣһ˱ȵˣ
ǿʼ䣬ܿ찲רעĶϵſȫ޷԰Ρ
ЩŶǾ֮ѧÿһƵԶǽŵ书ɱȣǾһֱСߣȻ˴󺣡
ĽҲûǣѩһۣСԺɽϵ·ⲽ˶˵

ΧʱнŵӾĽͣȭһ鹧мֳݡ
ĽѾ˻ŵĴ棬ܳɽֹи߲֮ơ
ĽֻףǴкѩߣһֱɽۣվݵķС
ʱ˵ѩһϮӴ磬ĽǻۣȴǽŵĵӴ硣
վ֮Уһɽһվһм赺̬֮ͬڻһ㡣
ʦ㡭Ľ̾Ϣһ
ѩҡͷ㲻˵ˣûϵġ
ĽȻ˿ѩһۣĪҽڣ˵ԼϲףҲϲңǲǣ
ĽӣǺЦЦ
ѩһ۵˶һԣҽˣǵıԣ
ĽЦʦĪҪֲǣ
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ѩһֱæʣôֳʲôˣ
Ľ治ɫӣٴҲֻƽƽģһ֣д·
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ѩһƬţ·ˣ̫Ů·ŽţΨַһ˴
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һſȭͷһЦתߣһ̤ңǰվһˣԼ
Ҫǰ֮Ѿת΢΢һЦ׹
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ĽͷоĸӹˣѩûжŮȻܳ裬ʤһУʵȻƫڵ˵ŮҪö࣡
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822 ˳
ĽͷЦҪˡ
ģ׹һ漴ϲڣȻ࣬תΣΪ
ĽµĶ
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Ľҡҡͷ˭ĵģˣ
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׹ɵĿһ۷齵ķʹΣ֪ǲˡ
ĽЦİɣ˯һʱŻѡ
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᷿վ¾װ룬ȴ˫۾˿˿Ƶĺâļ¡
ޱ飬Ľ׹΢һȭԱÿһó˷λãûĽİˣŲʣޱ飬ûĻ
׹ǰƿţĽ֮ȥҡͷΪߣȴֻֿԤıȫ
˵ȫ֮һж棬ŲʣԼӣϹӣư͡
ĽһӣһС̫һŮ廨һţڵϲܶ˵ɫήҲﻹ˲ţܷ
׹Ľæɤ﷢ŵ鼱ж̿֡
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׹תͷ롪
ĽͷλΣһ֪飬վпһգסĪ飡
˵仰ΧÿһˣĿ磬˲ֱӣǷ׷׵ͷ
Ľɨһ֮ɨһ飬˲Ծĵͷһоܵѹ
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ĽǰһʳָӣŮſ΢ЦܾˣҪɣ
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Խǿᣬ֮շΧ֮ڣǰ֣ҪһŵĿϸϸһ㡣
һֱ¹Ȼ¹һŽȥԼ˴󸹱ٴηء
䣬ŲἲʹʱҲɫ
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Щ¶ʱͽӴ֮ٳʹʲôĿģ̫СҲǵ̫ôĥҲûġ
һЩܷĴ󵨵ʹãصʲô붯ʱɱˡ
Щ˶עģʮȻڽΪӴա
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ĽЦҪû뵽ˣ

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ٿЩ߸˵һɥûԼ￴Ȼͷ
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Ľѩȫᵽνʹ˻ĽһһŪȻͨңһǺƺƵ˰ǣţ׵

峿ķźԺһƬС֣ƬСλǽǣԼʮëһ紵졣
ѩһϮ׵ۣվֱߣ̾ȻˣαذҲ
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ĽЦЦҸʵ˵岻ʣﾲһӣպٻȥʵ۲˹˵ҪԸң󡣡


824 ͽ
ѩҡͷЦ˵ǵҪԸң
ĽǾҪǵĵˡ
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񻯺Բνȫɣʹ뿪һҲ˿ƣȴô
ȡõĳɾͣ󲿷ֶԴһɣȻҲв׺ɣǺСţԸ֮ء
ɣȴɣ书ԽǿԽء
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׽޷âһϸţų׽׽ĽϣȻһ塣
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ĦԪڽȴûἰƪصĦԪ֤һЩطȴûἰĽЩ֡
һֱڲĦԪ֤ȴûʲôչǿԺûãһͷˮƶǶ
˵ĦԪϵطãṦ֮⣬ʵɽ⣬һгɣܴϹ˼ˡ
Ϲ˼·ϣƿսѾһӰӣȴûȫɡ
֪ôȥûͻƣûɽ⣬һɣ޵ˡ
һϮƮƮ׽ԺʱѩһɫۣƮƮסΡ
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ڵỺᶨĸıʣഺפһΣգȡڵеǿ壬ࡣ

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ʦͽ˶֮ӣԼΪĸվԼľǿᣬٶԶʤˡ
أΪԼĹඥ֮ʩչëϴĹ򣬲ǿ츳ʣһѧ飬ǻۣԲ˵ĽʤЩһ
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ʲôóȫģܵۺһɫȴһЩ
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ܵ۳ߵʤϹ˼ѩΪʺ󣡡
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ȻҪȥܵۺһЦôϹ˼Ϲ˼һŹҪܲܳŵס
һн赶ɱˣӢ̫΢Цͷ
ܵ΢΢һЦȥú˰ɣһЩȥ۱ѩ
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Ȼŭַߺ޲ѣȴʧǣܿ˵ʧƿôĽ
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Ȼܵ۲棬ȴҲ˼ֽң˾׵ΪͲܴϹ˼Ϊµһ֣ʹ򲻹ƾΪδҲµһ֡
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Ľֻһݽһ̶ˮ˵峺䣬ˣ޷԰Ρ
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Ľ棬е΢Цɺã󣬿ϲɺء
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زҪٳ߸ͷ֮ҪķԴ߶ǺСѧ࣬ƷҲ֣ûһȵģʶޡ
ʲʺϹϹһ⣬ϹҪǿľ񣬶ԻЩ̫һЩһ࣬ɾͣʹˣﲻһľ磬Ҳûг֮Ч
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ΪǺСĺ֪Щ棬Ľһֱ˰Ż֪ͨԼϢ
ĽҡͷЦЦħŽЩԽĲˣ֪ʲô£̽һ̽ʵء
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áĽͷЦһ£ȻͬǶĳ֮ᣬĮǵĮںס

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˪ڰ֣ȻԼԺЪһЪɣСǲŹģҲ١
һҲûĽ书£ںĽȴ֪ԼΪѡ
ĽһλһĦԪ
˪üҡͷ˰ɣС书
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š˪һ糿ǻ
ĽЦһȥ󺹣Ϊ˶Ը󺹵ĦԪ̣
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ĽҡҡͷһҸȼʼԸţֻ֣ܳǣֻӲͷƤȥ󺹣ǵѡ
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ĽЦãһͦ˳ҲҺȥˣһһĽָ鷳ˡ
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ĽͷЦҵ֣ĦԪ̿νձʮԪϸ֣ǳƷ֣һмֽҡ
أ˪ʡ
ĽЦɱǣȻĦԪ

˪ףĺܺãĦԪǿʢ֮ʱ󺹸ֿܵ
ĽⲿĦԪǵĸķȷʵΪȫ򣬻æ
ĦԪһǳ˪ͷҲƣܵķ˲缦ռ˱ˣòñ֪ĦԪĵ㲻ǲ
ĽǺЦҡͷҰͲñ˹鷳
˪ü̫ʱˡ
Ľӻͳһӣ˹ȥĦԪĳ㿴ɡ
˪ҡҡͷˣѵҾͲˡ
ĽЦֱˣҲˣ
˪һۣҡҡͷֽӹ˲ӣ׼ĦԪС
ĽͷЦΪһѧйⱾĦԪԼرܣԸеá
˪ҡҡͷĦԪ̵ѧɲһ书
˵ŻĹܿ쿴ԼаҳţͷȻѲ⣬ĦԪ
ĽЦò
˪ţ̧ͷ볬Ʒ֮У̫һЩҪ̫һá
ĽͷǣĦԪĴ֮죬ǽΪΪһŽ𵤴ˣȻ񡣡
Ҽ洦˪ͷ
ĽЦҶĦԪ֤һֱ޷򣬺ʲô⣿
Կ˪·ҵһҳͷ˰Σ˼ĵͷһױ书ϵͬǵѧ
Ǵ󺹵ѧϵĽʡ
˪ҡҡͷѧϵǲ࣬ҿǴѩɽ·ӡ
Ľһٴѩɽ
˵ѩɽΪ˵ԴѩɽĪ⣬
ѩɽ߲ʣ˿ԷԽȴǲʵ

Ȼ뵽Ȼ˿ʣǵδأһλز׺ɽһҪŪˡ
֪ѩɽѧϵĽеʡ
˪ҡͷ̫ףֻԼ˵һ¼ἰЩӡȴû
Ľ̾˿ͷ˪󺹵书ϵʵ֮ѩɽѧ黯ʵ֮ӾʼǵϵȻͬ
Ľü̫˰ɣ
˪ͷǽǼɾͣһ죬߲ţһֱϳˣ죬֮Զǿɱȡ
Ľͷоα˴ԣ飬еḶ́˳һԪɾһתΪ
һ书֮Ǵ֣ţﵽĲȴ֮ѡ
Ͳ֣ķţֱӴ֣ûѧ·Ҫܣϼѡ
ͬģѧģȻʳ׿֮ôߵ㣬죬ȻɾҲġ
ǧţÿһŶӦ֮ͬˣ¶ϸ֮ǽȻͬģѩɽ֮ѧǸϸ֮ġ
̾˿Ҫѧһѧѩɽ֮ѧˡ
ѡ˪ҡͷ֪ѩɽ֮ѧûдǶŰˡ
ĽȻ˹ܹϢ
˪ЦЦ֮治Уʱ˹Ķܹ
ʲôĽüͷһ
˪֪һֱԳܹԽѩɽ
ĽʱԳ
˪ͷдѩɽϢΪһͷԳһλѩɽߵ˻ͨϢϧԸƧϲ˽ԽֻƬ
ĽЦϡ棬ķҲͨѩɽ
е˪һԡ

Ľͷʮħ֮ұȥԿҾܲĦԪ֤ҵĪô
㲻練ȥѩɽȥʮħš˪
Ľһ£ͷҲá
˪ڰֵȻȥɣҪϸĦԪСѾȲˣ
ĽЦŸ˵СѾͤƮƮ֮Ʈ˹
ʦܣˮ´ĽҡͷЦһӲʦģأ
ʦ㣬ұӢ˰ɣĽǺЦ
ͷЦӢˡ
ˮЦЦʦܣһȥˣ
ĽЦ
һǰһŮ˵ڶľһЩǺСʦǾΣᵣйܡ
Ǻܿ߳СͤȻƮƮ䵽ϣ貨΢̤ź浽ջ̤ʵأȻһֱСԺ
һ·֮ĽϸϸˣֻŽȥţһ˵Ը񣬽³ç嶯Ը񷢻ӵ쾡£ʹĻһأŮ۲ѡ
СԺ£һֱסСظ˵Ĺͣÿ죬ǻһʰһ
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Цʦ̫ܲжʵ̫ģʱˡ
Сһۣʦ㣬ô˵ѽ
Ц̫ʦܣ
ĽǺЦλʦ
˵˵ЦЦУĽ޷磺ʦˣ
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СʦҲͷˣӦǵ£ʦҪˡ
ʱףĽʱϲ

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Ľ̾˿ü룬ȴμˣԼСһ£Ҫȥ׺ɽһɣħֵ̫ԼС
ʦܲܲμ𣿡Цӯӯʡ
Ľҡͷ̾һ²ܵˡ
ʦҪۣСЩʡ
Ľͷ̫ܵãܿٻģλʦģ
һΣСԾԾԵĵ
ĽæҡͷЦȥ
Σǲй¶ݾˣСߵ
ڰ֣Сᣬʦ£
СΪֵĺߵæææһ쵽æͣʲôҪôæѽҲûôæ
ĽЦҡͷûж˵СҲܿ˵˵ЦЦһȻ˷ˮ³һòˡ
ȥˮ棬ˮǷɣûʲô仯ĽžС
ˮǲҹ֮ǣһϣ峿ʱֲŻصСԻȥ˯
ĽϢһ磬ʱ֣һк÷ˣ̳þƣ޷磬ڱչص޷硣
޷绻һˣɷ书һ书Ϊﲻˮ׼ȴѷϪˡ
ʹŵҲǶĸ֣жˣչصĳЧ󣬿ϲɺء
˺̳ƺĽ뿪ǺСز׺ɽ
ڲ׺ɽ죬ȻǰϹңҪսϹ˼


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ĽһϮһϮ䣬ԸУˡ
ĽЦʦ㣬ݿյһûʲô°ɣ
ҡͷݿյһӺʵûˣʲô飬˾𡣡
ĽüͷһȻʦΪβң
İɡµ˵ҪսϹ˼ʦʲôҲ˵ˣҲ𡣡
Ľüô£
µҡͷûʲôϡģһµӴʦãǴ˻ȥִˡ
ĽһµϴȻӦ𣿡
ûҡͷһЦǼţҲֿƣֻǴ˼ʦãûɱ֡
ĽͷͺãǼȻûɱ֣Ҳ̫ˣ˴˰ɡ
´һۡ
ĽǺЦʦ㿴ʲô
ˡҡͷ˴ǰ㣬ҪѪѪġ
죬ϢĻУϣ˵߾ţһͬУ»ϡ
ĽûƣƽЩˣûע⵽Ҫн֮ʣ鿴ƽ޲䣬ĽһԾýš
Ľ̾Ϣһҡͷ˶ģʦδ䣿̫ĳɱҪ֣ҲҪһ֮ٶ֣ʦʦǲͣɥֵ̫ˡ
µţû֮ǰʦưոݣԽԽ죬ʦ̫ƽϣðһҲ
Ľ̾ϢһЩʦ
ףһŮ˳һɣеļᣬζֻԼ֪һ
˵ռһϯ֮أѹֻܸӵǿҪһˣܲ˿۸

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ݳǷޱȣڴϣˮȺ֯˿ĿϾӡ
Ϲҵլλݳ룬ռ˰֣һ׳Ȼ𾴡
£ҪѷϹҵլۡһ
ľǶͭŹ⣬͸Ӻݻ֮ԵʯʨӣᣬɭɭƺʱҪ˶ɣ˲ҿ
ҪǣʯʨԸվ󺺣źɫӾװʯʨӻȻһ壬էһΪʯʨӻģòͨúܣ˫â䣬ֱյ˵ĵס
˵ΪǷŵֵУνһĸ֡
ϹȴǿŵģɼϹ֮ƣǰЩ껹˵սҪϹ˼Ϊµһ
ЩȴˣսģҪϹҸһأŵĶ򲻹ȻûټϹ˼
ЩϹ˼˵޼ĽȻĽѾãȴûлһ棬һϹ˼ȥǺСĽǡòڣʧ˼ᣬΪź
ҪϹ˼дһΪѾԽ书ĲΣһ־޵֮п
֪Լ书ʲôΣϹ˼ȣһǿµ·ôߣЩã·ǰԡ
ǿʤ˼ˣûµһ֮ģǶִţսϹ˼ҪҵŬķ
˿һ߽ĸ̤ǰһߵʯʨǰ棬һסǰ·
˵Բ꺺ӱȭλӣλλϹң
Ľͷ΢Ц
Բ꺺΢Цʣ˻£Ҫͨһ
ĽӰɣͨһտȻǰݷá

Բ꺺һȻӿϵӣ
ĽͷЦǾʶԻ֪
ãԴԲ꺺Խӿȭ֮ת˴ţ򰴽ɭȻ
üƳһˣҡҡͷϹҺôͷ
Ϊ˶࣬ǵΪߣΪĿˣҲֻϹҲʹڲ׺ɣΪҲǸˣв
Ƭ̹һˬʵĴЦһӢֱֱĽ˹ץסЦ֣ôòң
Ľûжѣ¶΢Цӣ
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Ľһѱ۴Ц´ۣɴ۾Ӵûɣǡ
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µ֮ܣǴָˣʱˣپ١
áףɨһ۱תȥͶĽ
Ϲһ֪ԼûϷӵıĽȥˣ·ߺ޲ƽŤͷɹտȻôˣ
˵ʶƢͶȻദӲȴƣǸУ˵Ҳ޼ɡ
Ľ΢Цûãڣ
ڣȥˣҪϹҡͷ
Ľüͷһʧĵڣ
ϹͷӴİɣҪս
Ľͷ΢ЦһԣĴµһ֣ϧûл
ϹҪðŹȥֻҪ¹򣬵ܷ
ĽҡҡͷܵôãҪħŵ¡

Ϲڰ֣֣Ȼˣͱߣȥ˵룡
ۣ¹ܱ֮Ϲ˼֣ĽҡͷЦЦ
ʦ޶ˣǸ˶޷ܾϹǸӣȻҲ⶯ġ
ҲǸģ޲ۣҶ˼ĽŲɡ
ףɨһû˵һѾϹֵģȻӣտȻǺø
˴ţȻˣһϹԪ࣬һϹ꣬ЦеĻӭˡ
Ľſν쵱ģһʱȻͬʹϹԪҲܵ
ӣǲɣȥ˴󺹣һʱزϹԪ΢Цҡͷ
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ʵں棬֪Ϲ˼ʲô飬ǴߴٵϹȥӴҹȥɡ
һȥɡϹԪǺЦҲʶһӵľѧ
ϹЦ֣Ҳ뿴֣ǰһҲһλĸֹսϧûܽס׵Ľ
ǺáĽͷһߣûҪĻֱϹҵĴլӣݳ϶Уһɽǰ
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ԼϾ֮ˣ֪תִ֮СĹ۾֮ǿᣬ֮˼ﲻԼǿȡ
Ϲ˼ǿ۾֮ǿȴԼˣѧ֮ϣԼһֳ
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Ǽöˣܶ඼¶ĸ֣һܹɽڣֻʯǻ
½ɽ¾뼫ҪɹɼΪ֮ĸ֮УµǿȻᷢЦ
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ףһɫȴɷֽһѪƺеѪɫ
ĽûûаæĻҲѵãľ漫
Ƭ̺Ľ⣡
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ŤͷĽĽЦһ£׽γȻ̳ȥͣ˼ԴС֡׺


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ʱˣǡ׺ɢĽ⣬ǻȴԼƳ̫棬Ͼʵ飬Ĳܣ˵ԼѾԹȥ
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ĽЦᷴڣ

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ңһ棬Ҳͬ⣬ѵõĻᣬϹ죬ҲǶġ
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⣿ʦָָ̫ţĽ£˳ʡƷζϢš
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׺ɽ̫ʹ׺ɵĵҲûһһ߱飬ܶ嶼û˹ȥ
ʯһƬУԼɸߣ׺ɽ׳ʯʯڴɼûʲôϡġ
ʯڱҶڵţһƣ̦Ⱦ飬ûһ϶ԭʯʡ
Ľһɨɾ̦ʧʯڻԭΪɫʯͷǺĴʯһ㣬ʵϸܣҲš
ʯڲߣܿب֣Ľ黮˼ЦʦҶд֣ΪͬƷһһս
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Ľ룬ߵͷλãƮƮָ⣬ңңָʯڷ򣬵͡죬ָ͸νʯϻĩм׷У׺ŽĸȻǰ
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ĽʩΪֱд˲׺Žÿһʽ֣ǡдʮΣͷͷ
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Ϻһ͵һȭ˳ȭͷڰ;һȦѪɫȥȭͷȥǰɵġ
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Ľ֮ӵúܣ˵Ҫܾãֻܸһ˵겢ȫе㹻ǿᣬڽһ˿ڰʱһ˿һ𣬿ϧ̥֮ν̥֮գѹסеһ˿꣬еջָһ˿䣬е˵ûܼ𡣡
ϹԪŽüֵ˼˵׼ʹżͶ̥Ҳ벻
ĽͷϹӦطתУһȻ׻ָ䣬ҪãδΪ֪һָ䣬ҲҪʮʮꡣ

ƶϹ˼ط򲻻һΪɲô뿪ġ
Ǹ׻᲻һӲָܻ䣿ϹԪʡ
ĽҡͷϹΪָ䲻ѣҪ꣬ȴܶ϶ˡ
ô˵ûϹԪ༤ĵ
ĽЦЦͷӦûֻҪܺúûţһ졣
ǺǡǺǡϹԪЦƽʱأʱЦȴɵһ㣬ɼ֮˷ܡ
Ҳ˷Ľ˵ɸһյƣͷϣϹ˼ǵĹǡ
ĽЦλҪôúûȥ˿ɳ֮ټϹĻᣬʹϹָ䣬ҪָΪҲһʱ̵¡
侲
Ľ΢Цһ⣬ǰæһ£ܲܳɡ
ֿ˵ɣأϹ˷ܵĵ
Ľñ֪Ϲˣ´ҡ
ֽǰסģôסҴǱ߻ųϢġϹԪü
Ľ΢΢һЦٰϹ
ٰ縸ףϹԪһҡͷЦ⡭
ĽЦӣûʲôѵģҾͨҶƿսҲмֻ˭ҲҶ϶Ǽٵġ
ϤҸ֮أϹԪҡͷ
ĽЦЦͨʲôӦ˵Ц˵书£ǰͳͳģǡ
ܳ𣿡ϹԪɣŤͷϣò⡣
ܺŪȥòƽ˾ʲôһйϡ
ĽЦ಻Ǳ֪ϹˣʲôµģֻҪʩչϹƿս˭˸һɣ
ǲ٣ֻҪƿսڣǱ㲻ϻͷӵƿս

ĽǺһЦγƿսʱһɺƵĽ˲ɵ˺һ龪졣
һаνϹ˼裡
Ľ΢ЦϹƿսݶһӣһαϹúֽһû뵽ִˣҪȼˣ
Ϸһϳȵνৡһ´̳һΣֳĽϰ
Ľһббմ顱һ죬κˣͬײһǽ
һлΪǽϺһϣóһƬǵѹ
Ľٴλ̵մ࣡һͬСʯ侮͵ĵżŵ档
ҲһߵҲĽ
˽磬ȴβĽУÿһգǵĽײȴƫƫסǽУ䲻ܳơ
˴ñŤޱȣʮ֮ƵȦ⣬ҡͷЦûս˼
ϹԪֵܱ˴˶һۣ¶ϲɫ뾪档
û뵽Ľƿս˾ǵ븸ʩչƿսʲô
Ҳд˸УĽƿսȷʵ裬ͬĽ⡣


834 
ͬԼ⣬Ľǵ΢Ц
ʩչƿս׺ɽʱʩչĲͬǽ治һǽӾˡ
·һֱ˼Žƿս֮Խ˼ԽȤԾ
ǰϸй˽⣬һپ֮󣬷֮ǰ̫ǳƿս֮ʤڽ⣬ʽ
ƿս۷壬һգվ飬ɵĵزǷסԷĿ϶ռȻֶָһԣȴʲô
ʹûƿսΪҲ㣬һƵУƿս֮һ˿˿Ľ⣬ռйء
һ˿̫΢ҪȫҪõĥΪųɣһʱ޷ٳɡ
Ľ̾ϢӴ֮ԼҪĵģҪʱĻµĳǲǰһнݾѭ
ʹнݾѭҲҪðž޴ΣգΪ漰ǾΣ˰ٱһСģоң߻ħ֮ա
ؼûǿţĽֵģֻйվָǿصıĦԪ֤˵űھϡ
ϧĶǶǣʵڲ̫ףܲҪȥѩɽ֮ȥһˣпܲ
ȥʮħţȻȥѩɽ֮ͦã⣬ȱ°סˡ
Ϲ˼ܵ£һˣ¶ҪˣΪ˲׺ɽҲãΪ˴ҲãԼ岻ݴǡ
ֻԼ֮ôϹ˼ԶʤԼˡ
ϹԪЦ֣һ˸ЩţһЩ书ĵã书׿ۣܿɽ֮ʯԹ࿴οһҲ޷ǲǣ
ĽüͷһȻ
û뵽ϹԪǣϹҵһˣȻ书㶥⣬ؽȴǳһȡ

ĽЦЦҲûн飺Ϲѧĵã书Ҫܹһ֮ã
ϹԪЦȻٰ縸ף˽һ¸ҲӦõģϧǲٰʲôæˡ
ĽҡҡͷǺЦЩѾ㹻ˣһӣһٳһΣŪǲܾϢ
ϹԪͷ
ĽЦңҲԼųϢ˵ϹѾˣŪҥڴǱǰͷ
ϹԪЩɡ
Ϲæ֣ɣ
ĽЦЦϢԽԽã廨ţѱ٣ҳּΣҥԲ֮󣬴ǱϢҲûãǲˡ
һԣϻͷʵʵ޷٣ʹǱϢȡ
ţֻҪܹ˵ܹءԲߵͷҡͷ̾Ϣһվһ¶ڵġ
ĽЦֻ̫ۣҪ߹һӣҹչرǣҲûиһɡ
ðɣֻһһһɢûʲô˵ģϹԪһİƣɫࡣ
ĽЦЦӲˣϹѾãҪƿɲôףǵֵģ
ȫˣϹԪҡͷЦ
ĽЦӺγԣ̫ˣϹΪ˴˶£ΪܵһԱлᱨң
лԸܹչϹԪ̾Ϣһ
ĽЦŵͷϹΪһһᴫλƿսעʹﲻϹĲΣҲԱ֮
ãϹԪ໺ͷ
뿪˵µĴ棬ȻϹԪԴ˴լԺһƬС
ƬּУïܷʢдУ԰˼

ϹԪǰĽںֶߣͣһǰϹԪӻͳһѽεԿףһһСڡ
Сע⿴ֻΪǱҧһСԿ׿ףεԿ׽ȥ֮ŤŤ
¡һ죬ƺȻһڣԼһ˴С
ϹԪǸţ֮䣬С¥αװ
˵Żָ˶һС¥С¥λһƬ룬һ¥С¥Χˮӳһ
ǽòܽˮл𻼣۽κҪģӹ¥۾
ڣϲģɻıǻ𣬶ľκ˶Ĵ£Ϲ˼ƫƫ֮ȷʵǱһ˼
֣롪ϹԪ֣ԾȥĽֱֱȥ䵽ʱĽԼжʮɡ
ǲϤΣʹṦҲҪԸ磬ƮƮ֮󣬿һ
ǰĴĸ֣ڵȫܣһʮܣÿ϶顣
飡һ죬кϣﰵһָֻ֮˹ȴ׵ͷ
ûǿȴҲܿһУȱһЩ̫ѷɫһЩֶָ㹻ˡ
Ľɨһۣûҹ飬һŵƣһܱܰڽٱ飬ʮܽǧ飬νḻ
ЩŵĻ֮࣬ǺСˣǺСǴ˽ǧԶһҿɱȡ
ϹԪһָʮܣԺĵղ飬ǸӵģЩ书ţЩһЩţ˺֪š
Ľ̾Ǵ۽š
ܶ棬ٺòϹԪЦ
ĽǺЦӿɱһǳ˵ˣҪˣ
ãҾͲˣиˮοʱ˴ţǿˣʱԳȥǻءϹԪЦһǰ͵һƣʱ֨֨ת˰ȦֹͣȻͷһһԲǰԲ

ⶴֻʮκȥҪٴζءϹԪ˵
ĽͷЦȫ
Ǻãұ㲻ˣʱ³ȥұǡϹԪ࿴Ľе飬飬Ҳٶ˵һܣһ֮󣬶ٴδ򿪣һԾ˳ȥ
ֻʣĽһˣƬ̣ǺЦ˷ܣֳһмһ飬ȻһۣһšŻ׷½һʧĽ
Ƿŵ棬һᱻͷĽʦ˵׾Ż׷½˵һʩչˣۣһһƲ纣ӣίʵˣ޷Ӳֻܱâ
ֳһţȴһ׷꽣ף׽еûʧ˵Ϲ˼ҵش׷ɱ¾֮ҲǾˣпǺպ
ֳţǽţĽĪǿᣬպǷŵ˷
Ľҡͷ̾ϢϹȻôľֲ书֮ǿȴǲټѧá
Ϲ˼ߵ·ȫͬĽǲͣİŸɣѧϰ侫ѧȻﵽߵľ硣
Ϲ˼ǵһõһܴУȻٲͣս֣ɳΪ޵еĴڡ
ĽϹ˼һһСնﵽ˶㣬̤Σ˵һ·ø
ز֮ǣָȻ֮Ľ⣬תǴСõ˹վû˳ɾ͡
˵Ϲ˼ҪԼʤһʶϹ˼ޱϹѣɵĸϹæ
һһϵţһţһ£һϹ˼ѧ⣬һЩԼ
Ľ֮ջĻϹ˼ѧ

Щѧ˿ͬ飬֪ƣĽһ±ܿף˾ͬ书ͬȴ࣬ĪĴ
ĽõϹ˼Ŀ̿棬ɾ;ǽҵõشУ档
һȫϹ˼ĸѧʼǣԼȫģϸļ¼һˣûϸġ
ĽϸϸѧʼǣѧĹ̿һͬһ㡣
һܵѧʼǣЩѧŸ󼸷֣ıء
ϧϹԪܾϸϸжջ񼫴󣬶պѧ֮·
Ľʮʱ䣬ʮܵȫˣӡԺֻҪ룬ǰ
ص׺ɽǺСʱһɣҪЩų¼ɵĲ飬ʹһɣѧҲҪЩѧĲգɽ֮ʯԹ񣬶ɵ书档
ʮ֮ص棬Ϲɣһûо֮ɼϹԪֵüʵ
صʱѾһòϹ˼լӣǰʱһ·ˣǷ׷׼
Ľף˴ԴССΣԪǹ
ǣһæӦ
Ľ˴֮ϸ귴ӦֻһȻɫ糣ĳȥȻϰΪϹ˼һôͻȻ֡
Ľ΢΢һЦϹ˼֮ˣô룬״ҲΪ֣˱Уƽ޷ġ
Ƭ̺ϹԪ˽էһϵĽһ¡
Ľ΢ЦԪ࣬ôˣʲô
ףϹԪɵ
ĽҡͷЦҰûмϰɣ
ʮһֱϹ˼ѧʼǣѧ˳׵ʶ˼Ҳ̵ʶŴĦʡ
ְϹԪʱʧ̾˿

Ҳʧ̾˿էһĽΪʩչʲôֻ˹ء
һֱһ»ѹ
Ľ΢ЦҰÿɻɣ
Ϲҡͷô쵽ģ
ĽЦҲϹĦǶǱûˣѾɢȥҥˣ
Ϲͷɢȥһû˲֪ඣ
Ľüͷһ
Ϲҡͷûˡ
ĽЦЦҡͷϹ¡һʱû˸ҶҪһ۷򡣡
ϹһһȺС
ĽָҡҡͷӿɴˣǵСϹݺ޵Уû˲塣
ϹԺЦЦͷǵҲǣ׵û˸ðƣ֪Ҫȵʲôʱˣ
ԶǱأĽʡ
ϹǱҲųϢҲˡ
ĽЦЦͬǱ߹Ʋᰲݣܿˣ
˵ŻĹ򣬺ȻһЦϹڣ°ݻϹ


835 ̽
ĽüͷһתͷϹԪˡ
ϹԪ˵Ķ֣ôᡭ
ʮѣǱɢȥϢϢϻʮɲôô죿ԭڴܡ
뵽ߣ־ˮˮǸµĹأû뵽˹ȻΥ
һ룬ҲƽϢŭȻأָżҲܣֻҪڴ£˲ɱ˱ǡ
ڴɱ˻ˣǸ׾ӣʩչֶΣ书ɱˡ
Ϊˣڴܾڰɣǲ£Ҳûʲô˵ģײ
ʱţȻ߲ƣĻ죬˶ûкɫ
ĽʣϹϤ
̫죬һ֮ԵɣżԼеӡˣֻһΡϹԪ
ĽͷǾͺãӣȥӦӣܲ㲻
飿ϹԪ
ĽҡͷЦϹڵĻô
ײϹԪȻĵͷ΢Цʱ򲻼ʮ㡣
ĽͷЦô׵ĳˣ˵ϹҥЩˣ
һƫҪأϹԪüһֱܲ棬Ҳɡ
ĽǴҶֵĽڣ
ãֵģϹԪ໺ͷ
Ľλӣӽ쿪ʼҾϹˣǼٰģǿɱ¶ţ
ַģϹԪظǺЦǻСĵģ
Ľͷãȥɣ
һ֣϶ȫϹ˼Уһʮ㣬ϹԪ಻ԾĹǡ

תʱʡղһԼɸˣʵΩΩФʣһ޶縸ʱʮ㣬ʹԼҲܴϣοˡ
˴棬ֻһӸֶƮƮƮѣĿ
żȭ΢ЦСϹԪ״
ǺǣԭϹӡ񣬿üĿ˵ĿݱˣӢ˲
ϹԪవһƤңܣ˵òʶˣ㿡òƮݷɣίʵ˲ø
ϹԪ΢Цȭ״ϣ
ǡ΢ЦͷϹǰһ֮Եʵۣܣݻһ
ϹԪ΢Цҡͷ¶ǸȻɫʵڶԲס״Ҹڱչأ֣طԸʲôҲܴţСʵΥҸ״һĪСΪѣ
üɵϹڱչأ
ϹԪͷǣǰһӼҸ˵µҪչزһܼ͡
ҡҡͷЦ˵ģ
ϹԪüõĵ״γԣ´Ӳ˵ѣ
ǺһЦֵĪᣬֻһԣ֪ǲġ
ʲôԣϹԪʡ
ҲǺЦҾòģϢ֣ޱȣ˲š
״Ȧӣôûʲôԣ˵޷ϹԪʵ
΢Ц˵ϹزΡ
ϹԪһ漴ҡͷʧЦû˵
һֱϹԪ࣬עһ˿ϸ΢飬ģЩûףѱ١
ӣϢİɣ΢Цʵ
ϹԪЦЦ״أ
΢ЦҾϢ˵̫棬Ǽٵģ˵ϹˣҾŵġ

ϹԪЦһЩˣԽԽûϢˣ򲻹ףҪøײܰն֮
΢ЦϹȻβһҥأҿܾĻ̡̻
״ҲǼ׵ģӦ֪һ׵Ƣվҥ𣿡ϹԪЦ
һ£΢ЦҡͷϹǺǲм˵İɣһǸЩС˿ɳ֮ϹչأҪ꣬Ū֣
ϹԪǾͺɣ׳أٺúʰǣ
ҡҡͷȻȻԤԥϣҿϹȳһ£ﶨִңǷܻ֣ǲǣ
ϹԪҡҡͷ״˵ˣ״˵컨׹ҲҴŸ׵ġ
ӣ¹ش󣬻ǴȨգ
ϹԪֻҡͷӦȻɿڵġ
ȰһβҲЩգ˼ս
ϹԪ಻һףüŰżֲƣâĿԽԽ
˫ӣϹٲֻһ·ˣ
ϹԪѲɣӲģϹҶ䲻ɣ
ͷ򲻵ֻˣԸϹһƬĵķϣǣ
ϹԪࡰ͡Цһã֣ôϹҶģ㻹ǵһ
ε̾ϢһҲǱΣĪΪѣϹذɣ
ϹԪҡͷ׵ĻΥͱ˼ˣеӵ㶯䣬ҵҪһ°״ĸУ
üĪҪң
ұΣϹԪӲʮЦ

⽩֣վʯʨԣȴһһ㣬ˡ
ɨһˣ˵Ϊ񣬲СϹԪ˵ǲԶҪϹԪס
Ƭ̧̣ƣٴеϹڣ°ݼһ
һϺըһ㣬ϹϿƮ쳹ݳǣǶõ
ϹԪЦһ͵һĳס죡
ƮƮ˺ܿҡͷЦЦȻѧԨԴϾǳΪҵĶ֣
ߣҪ֪ƣϹԪЦƸĳƾʵʣİ´졣
ƮݣһȽȽܣûֵ˼ŵϹһգ
ת۹ʮйȥλϹԪƷ֮ƾһ˿˿һƣ֯һԽ֯ԽܣסÿһҪټľ
ʮпȥûʲôģû·ûںöüΪ磬»ЩƲϹԪ࣬ûȮӣʵûѧϹ˼һɵı£ʵ˸пϹҺˡ
û뵽ʮй󣬲֪⾹Ȼһ壬ŲעĹѾ֯һεѾסԼ
ҪѿֻܶԶԶģһˣܽӦսҲûдıҪˡ
ϹԪЦʮҹ书Ϊһ죬ܹԱ
ԼʮĽҲǿ˼֣ΪȴԱԼסˣڴǰġ
ԽԽЩмܲסˣӹȻƷ
ϹԪʲôбʹգһ
Ǻǣ书ǿʹﻹǲһЩģ⼸УЦ͵ĳӭϹԪơ
飡һ죬ϹԪһ£˺ɫϾΪ㣬Ʒ޷ȫֲ

ûг룬ǰ˺ȭЦӣˣϹһգ
ϹԪҡͷڱչأܴţʲôôĪϹ飡
һȣΪֵİϹһϹһ
кȻһ̾ϢǴ⴫ڶޱȣܹܳһ̾Ϣеŭ
ϡϹһɫ΢䡣
һ̾Ϣ쳹ݸ֣οͱˣΪⲻȮӣ
ƺû˵绰ҳһ㣬ȴޱȵ˶𣬼ʹ书ˣҲΪ֮
ӲЦЦȭϹȻû⣬¿ɾͷˣҲܰˣ
Ľں԰ƴ˹ˣʲôֶܰˣǲܰĲǣ
ȭ˹ǺЦϹĻϹڣǲܰȻ򣬴ϯ
Ľһ棬ʵ̫ѣҪͷܳطģҴ´ΰɣ
æҡͷϹҰݼΣ
ĽˣЩȽڲ̫⣬´ϾֹȾƣ
ȻɫһһϹҪһ棡
Ľǲã֣ڱչأܷģֺαΪң
ϹǷˣ
ĽһЩˣ˵ҲأֻúþһӼɡ
ڴܵˣʡ
ĽڴܵˣذֲصģһСˣҳݣ
еĵ涼贫˵ѾزΣ´ˣҿϹǳһҥɣ԰ģĪ
ǺǡĽЦƣݸ

Ϲҿɲ˵ЦЩˣĻ̻̣ϹǵĶ룬ţ
ĽǺЦˣһС˰ˣЩС٣ҳݡ
üϹͨһҽҰæһΣ
ˡĽЩ䵭֣Ҫ˹ˣܷ˵˵ɡ
ȻϹǲ̫أܼˣ
ĽǺЦһȻһգһ̫ݸ
һֳ˷ɳʮԶײϹһϻϡ
飡һ죬ǶϻϣȻȥ
ۣһ³һѪɫһ»ҰܣήĻ
ؿҡͷЦվŲǵȥϹԪʱתͷһۣͷ
ϹԪȴЦһˡԶˣ״ߣ
ҡͷЦǡˣ飡
ϹԪЦ״Ī˶ɵӣǾҸѾȥˣҪûٰˣĪԼ˵öã
ҡͷЦȴٶԣתؿڣŲȥһίʵֱ˹裬һǿĽһֱߣɢȥ书һ㡣
һڷԼ书ͲԼֻһ;
¼Ϲ˼ģ޼


836 
Ľڴ΢΢ҡͷһ֮Уܷһģָ
ϹԪƮصȻ֣Ϊ
ȻðֹɣҲܶ϶ǲ⣬Ϊ˵˿ûж⣬һƬġ
Ľ΢Ц˱ˣֲɱѾǱ˵ˡ
Ȼڴ֮ȴÿһ˿飬Ļһ˻޷ơ
һһƬأϹԪ
Ľҡҡͷ΢ЦʹǺģҲҪ֣ȥֻպǣļƹ࣬ҿʲôĵġ
ָղһ߯磬и׵ƣϹǺЦ˷ܵĵ֪֪
ܳ𣿡Ϲʡ
ĽҡͷɣһҩҪɨƣҪش¼
׼ôϹԪʡ
ĽҡҡͷЦҲǸȰЩСɨˣǰϹѹţʵʵͷβεĻᣬһ򾡣ʡ鷳
ֺúһˣһѹסϹԪ໹ȣ˼Ǽࡣ
ĽЦӷİɣзִ硣
ϹԪ࿴ƶȣεĵͷµֻĽˣû·
ϹЦãˬ죬ЩһͿ˳ˣʰǣνǰһֱ˵ܹɱӰУûʹ죡
ĽЦЦϹǲСʧЩСȷʵֵɱ
ҲǵģǳˣʲôɱϹƲƲ졣
ܣϹԪ
Ϲ֣εĵúãҲ˵ˣǵװʰˣǺα䵽ز
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Ľҡҡͷȡ֮ɱֺ֮η
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ϹԪ˵ҵƷô˿
Ľͷ˿ȴǿᣬе裬ǽΪڸãǸһ㣬һ˳Ϊͣȴ֪ŪˣŪòײ࣬Ϊ
ϹԪüͷһ
ͷǰ˵Ҫ𾫴·ӣֻ˵һ飬ûס
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ĽϹ书ⳬ׿书ȻͬСɣһЩϿû˵ףӦͻͽֻˮ׼ġ

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ĽЦЦϹһ˶ҲҪǣҲһƬİɡ
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837 ԭ
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Щָǲ뿪Եķ䣬ϹҶȥһ۽Ϲ֮⣬ΧѾвվţһɨȥˣεΪۡ
ôˣǱ˴˶ˣνڣϹ˼Ȼ书׿ôڶˡ
峿ıûɢȥϹңŻԻ͵ĴլԽĪ⡣
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۷׷ףһХǲϹ˼ģ˵죬ѴΡ
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Ϻһס۵ǣ˵ȻֹŵУǷ׷Ťȥ
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òǳªԲƽӣѪ죬춼Ψһ˫۾СγǿҵĶԱȣӡ̡
Цˣֵİڰ֣Ҳ߯СˣϹ˼ǳΣǲɣ

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һϯһֱϣҹɫŨ֮ʱ˶ǺˣĽǧ֮ȻǶ֡
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838 Բ
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ôֻҪϹ˼ʹðҲ԰ˣЩðԸϹ˼Ҳв٣ȴûɹġ
֪Ϲ˼°ԴŽôһеڻеʩţ
ĽǺһЦ͵һӡ
顭಻Уûһվ֮ˡ
ɨһ۵ŵˣеľ벻ţ΢Цλ书ʹǧҲѺ˼ذ׷˼ˣǣ
˵ȭƮȻȥ


841 ɱ
ǿƮȻȥֲѣɫˮȴ޿κΣ֪ȥٶҲûá
Ϲ˼Ȼ鴫˳̾ϢһҡͷѣתȻºȾơ
Ƿ׷£ԹȾƣݺͺȣþҪԼĳ衣
һߺȾһۿ
Ϲ˼߲ƣǲ²£ʦܴܲùѹͬ顣
ҪǴǰǸϹ˼ܴùʦģϹ˼汾£òˣͬҡҡͷɫء
ʦԶǵĶ˵٣ƲӢۣԶĴڣȴǳһƬ죬ǲصϹ˼Ϲ˼Ҵйʦ
ԶˣǶ书Եİ˵ĵ
ٴζϴܵľʱԭԽвڣһʿ䣬²ǰһݺˡ
뵽һ˱Ͼ˻ޱϹ˼ɨӣ޷޲ƽĺҪѩܡ
ǰ˵͵һӣϺȵҲ룬Ϲ˼ȹʦԶţ۾ƺϷǣ
ĪϣϹ˼Ĵ򲻹ʦʡ
ùʦˣαصȵڣ
ǰ򲻹аˣԲŹ
ƨƿɴ۾ƾıҲܹʦЦ
Īϼʦı£ʣҡͷֻ֪ʦͨǻɣжıȴûϹ˼ˣ¹ʦһʱʧ֡
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ǰŰɡ
νΪʵΪ飬˵ʦͨˣϾûۼϹ˼ˣʵ벻ܹʤ
ѽʶ̫ǳպ֪ˣЦҡͷ

Ľֱһլӣλڳλã˵ԾʦӲףȱıǮȻںһ
լһǰԺԺ԰԰޵ͨģ԰ַ羰ʮ㣬·λڴܾڡ
լеǶţԺӵһλ޼֣һլӣûסĽִ󷽣Ȼ˳
Ľֱһ֮ûô򵥣Զôףһʱܽģһֱסڿջϰߣһլţڡ
լӸŽԶĽ֮۹ƵߵΣֻϧĺһֱбﵲţܿС
԰ûкˮֻһƬһЩɽƬ֣Ƶö߽ģľˡ
Ľһɽϣ΢˵磬ޱȣϷ·Ů˵ĸ
Ľۣ֮ʦ۵ףһ͸ַ飬һ߶Żʹ뿴˼վʱ
˵˵ŮӣҲҪģڽͣû뵽һֱûг֣סһ㡣
Ľͷһ뵽һܣѲ˼ǽ֦Ҷ
Ⲣǲܣ˼ɵȣƽ˵ʲô׹ݣǹʼҲлʼҵǡ
˰βٶˣ֮뿪˻ʹעʦصķ顣
֪붨ˣʱѾҹһ覣бĻϣɢ͵ԡ
ΧһжһɴᣬĽҲһƬ̾ϢһĲ
Ʊˣլﴳ˸֣ɲҹ
һڼɽϣԡ͵¹⣬һƺûвƮȻˡ
˴ĸλҹ£ڵҹɫΪһ壬ֻ¶һ˫۾
Ľ˫ۣۣ֮ϸˣеģƽעĿ

ǵ˫۾޹⣬һ֪岻ɣûг˵Ľ뵽Ϊ
Ľ̾һ䣬ĸʺ̿ͣʹӽˣҲ޷ϵΪƽˡ
ķ죬ΪȴƫƫֳѾ˷豹ĲΡ
ָһ̶ȣﵽ豹棬Ƕˣܹš
˵ԣҪ٣ţϧ
˵ľ󲻹һ㣬õһһû湦ͣңɼ졣
֮жһͣһǽʡãøʱ䣬޵ĲΣԳ˶ңɼǰΣָˣû֮ñǽʡãͨԭһ죬ȻܹӳԪ
˵Ϊȷʵﵽ˷豹ĲΣĽԣ豹ĸҲһۿɴΡ
ĸֱ֣˲ŸоǼΪ˵ãĽ룬֮УŵϺţʹ˪Ҳࡣ
ʱţϢĿȻ߲ƣװ֪뿴ǵҪʲô
˷·ҹǱĽʱͣסһͬɽһĿҲ΢סĿ⣬Ľϡ
Ľ̾ȷʵǾڴɱ֪Ŀ֮
һӵʱһҹɫΪһ壬ľ׮һڡ
ȻĿ΢Ѹٶһ£νһʧԭأ·Ӱɢ
һǳڼɽϣΧסĽƮƮĽǰңÿռһλγһܱյĺӰĽС
ĽȻ۾΢΢Цһ£Χʱͬһ㣬ӳ˵۾
ֻǰһէ֣εըǿӿ类ܵĿײС
ĸʱ顱һ죬ʯӰ㵹ȥ

ɢէֳĸ䵽һײǽڣһײһɽ
ĽҡҡͷǻԶţҲɱȥɣ
˵۾ٴξֹµļɽȫΪһ壬ûһƺΪʯͷ
ֻѪڣƫƫҪһѣҪָܡ
ƴҪָ壬ȴˣֻǴͣ徭ƾҲֹͣ·¿
ιǻָһ˲˺԰ʧҹɫС
Ľᣬƾ뿪΢΢һ̣ҡҡͷȷʵǼõĴ̿ͣԱ˿ãϾλһЩԼǰƤС졣
룬˿ɲһָ֣ǴɱĶ֣ԼǰСһ޲ߣˣȴв
㶥ĴɱּΪѵãҲߣһЩһ
֮۹ƣˣƮ˳⣬Ȼ֮Уɽɽȥ
Ľüû뵽˽ƻ֪Լᰵиһ㣬ͷҲֱֱ̧˴ɽ
ȻʧȥǵżĽûᣬ˱㲻ˣԣֵעĿȶѣĸ̿ǿȴֵġ
ҹɫԽԽԭºȻһƬסˣΧڣֲָŨīȾһ㡣
ǺǣȤĽȻһЦӰȻǰһâ֣
ĽЦδ䣬͵һģ漴âأʱķأͣһƿâصĽǰ
ĽָһĴУһС޴һ̽һ˳ȥ
ĽóǸŮӣһһλŮ

ԶʤˣԶŵŮɢϢŮص㣬ˡ
ȻɱԼģĽȴûһɱ⣬绨һ㽿۵ŮӦ
Ůŵɳȥ߬Ŷ̽ϵľޱȣһһ𵴣·һ㣬Ҫַߡ
ƴĽ߬ʹû֪ǿ־߬Ž롣
顱ŮײһӣӱѹڵµĹжȥϷŮٴεء
ٴĽ̽УһΪһĽ
һľٶ磬Ҳ뽣һҲڽУ˻Ϊһ⣬ֱ
һˣֱ⽣壬޷ԹԵűһᴩһίʵˡ
ĽȻ̧̧üëû뵽㽿СŮӣȻܴ߷ǿҵĽ⣬ǳ书֮ˣﵽķ롣
ȻżΪǿߵĲ·书Ϊķ£ȷʵˣֶָǻ
Ŷ̽ǰŻĳ

һ죬̽ŮһģվĽǰҡţƺεš
ĽЦеĵƽΪҪɱң
ߣŮӵһۣŤҪεȴ޷Ը
Ľһۣźڽֻ¶һ˫ӣһ˫Ѿй֮ܡ
Ľ򢣬ҡͷ䱾ˣκգ˵˵˭ָʹΣ
ΣŮЦһ
ĽҡͷЦϧ񣬵ҪɱҵĿɲУ
ǴǾͳȫ㣡ŮЦ
Ȼȴʧ࣬ö
ĽüͷһͷǺɣ

ŮȵĿ⣬ĽǺЦλͷСʲôݣ
ߣŮŤͷ
ѾĽĻȷʵǺ˼ָʹġ
Ľ룬ЦǴԵλ
ŮֽסŤͷĽǺЦŮ죬ȴ档
Ҳѹ֣ҪĽȾԴӣרעһĵزȾûΨѡ
Ľ˼άתܿ뵽ˣνҲ֣֮ԼɵĽν콣⣬Ϊ书飬ﵽΣ¡
һֽ⣬ǰ֣ӦǺ콣⣬ֱӳΣֱ񣬽ȫ뽣ϣΨʱˣҲһֽ⡣
ԣ콣⹹вֶָԣ콣ѾΪ£ƥС
Ҫ㽣⣬һܹܣ޵һ㣬Ψ֮೬
ķ֮ˣʦָ㣬СǿĶ֧ţѪܹȼԼԻȡ
ĽЦǹǻʹĸ֣
ߣŮŤͷ
Ľ룬ЦԹʦĵӣ
Ůٴεɹӵɴˡ
Ľ֪ԼˣȻЦ£αضزأȻˣգ


842 ȴ
һ֮ȴûжΧĵģŮһʲôѽ
ĽЦ֪һλ
Ůһۣû˵
Ľ£ٲ֣ҿҪλɱˣʦĵһи̣ǹ²ýɣ
һЦĽǰȻһ˼ɴǽµһ絽ǰбЦߣµһ֣ȻʹֶΣ˴۽磡
Ľ´һۣһϮɫҹ£ڽ棬ȴڲס˫һϵó
ɫҹǽľװԭ˵¶ţһκ˶óŮӣ棬ԲŻ᲻ıϳ
Ľ΢ЦµֶҲһɣõĹ£ȴҪɱңܳ
˼Ц㵹мֱ£
Ľ΢΢һЦ
˼ЦŪˣⲻǴɱ̽һʵһʲô˼ðģŹʦʦǺæģ
Ľ΢Цҡҡͷԭ̽Թ֪֪˰ʤ֮˵ǵĹʦУ
˼Цҡҡͷ㻹ΪԼµһ˿ˣ
ĽЦ֮治УʿҲ಻ʤ˼ҳ޵У˹֮ǰˣġ
˼ߣ֪ãҪһ㣬ûʸʦ棬ɲΪ˴̽ʵɱŪˣʦԸ㣬ûҪֶΣ
ĽҡͷЦ֮Ϊʸʦ֣
Զţ˼
ĽüͷһȻ㻹ɣѲɹʦˣΪֵö֣
书ǿҲûãڹʦǰһҲʩչ˼ɻͷƶָֻƽǰһ磬ڹʦǰ뺢ͯ죡
ĽЦǸҪʶһԹʦˣ

ȰһĪѺòµһˣ˼Цҡҡͷ
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ĽɨһۺŮ΢΢һЦʦǲҽ֣λȨأҷһɣ
ŮһɨæŤͷȥĽ˼˵ѣΪԶûаԼһս
˼Ϲ˼ĪΪ޵£ʦڱչأϾĵսд裬һȣд͹شܣĪﰭۣ
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˼ЦҾ˵ôˣ
ĽüͷһЦ£֪ʦʱܳأ
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˼΢Ů˸
Ľ̾Ϣһ˭Ӣۣðɣʦչһ£ҵһȱǣҪʦʲôѧ
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ŮæӦһͷݺһĽȻ󣬸ź˼һƮ뿪˺԰ʧҹɫС

Ľڼɽϣҹɫ֮³ʵû뵽ԶȻڹ꣬˱չһС
⾿ǻ֮ƣʲôѧӦԼŪ壬߽аɡ
Ȥ뿴Զʲô飬ʲôѧһʶҲǺõġ
νʦͽŮĺ콣ԶһĸֿɱȣҲǿ˽֮ˣǸУϹ˼֮󣬻ûм֣͡
ǰֻҪųϹ˼ڣûʱԶ֮ˡ
սʦԶϢѾ˳ȥĿĴﵽ֮󣬲ż뿪ԶУ
΢붨վУڹվ˾ܹǿ񣬲졣
˴˾Ȼ죬ȴһֱڻţҲԼҲһֱӣŰûܲ͸
֪Уһҹʱȥовһ˲ѣŲһˣһλݷá
Ľۣ֮ʱüͷһ£ЦЦϣ뵽ա
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Ƭ̹ŮƮȻһɫ㣬һˣѵһ˶
Ľڼɽϣԡųҡͷ΢Ц´ݹ٣кδͽ̣
ɫŮǻɫ˼ɵĹһŮĺŮ
˼ɹۣüӣپ̾컯֮㣬ûһ覴á
һŮα˫ˣȴŽ֮ʡ
վһ使޵Ļ䣬˲ƿĿ⡣

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Ľͷǵһ
ǺãұһδԵķ羰Ծһµ֮꣡˼ɵ
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ĽҡͷЦһɽҰƥȷʵͷݣ񻹲֪ķء
ҽ˼˼˼ɺһǰɣ
ĽЦֲȻҪһ
ųµһ֣ѲɻŮˣ˼˼бһƲģ
ĽҡͷЦ׻˵úãӢѹ˶أѵõ˶Ȼɲܲ
컬࣬Ӻɷ˼˼ûĵŤͷСǿۣõϹ˼ԭǸС
ŮߵȥѵǺ㲻ɣ
Ľͷǡ
ŮҡͷС֮ĶȾ֮ǲغ㣬ʦأȻʰģ
ĽЦ֪﷼ǡ
ҽѩŮߵ书ǿʦˣ
ĽЦЦȻˣԹʦαػչأ
ѩһۣ˵ʦ֮ǰڱչأȻΪඣ
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ѩˣϽشȥǲ£͵ʦأô仨ˮ
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ģ׸ҲҸһȥ˼˼ͷ
Ľһ£ͷȻˣȥȥߣ
Ʈ˼ɽŮһ뿪լӣʼڳй䣬һЩ羰Ȼߣ˳һǰͣ¡
Ľεͣ˿Ů˼˼һЦϹ˼Ҳ̫дˣǣ
˵һֺȵգ
ǣһУʮƮ֡

ĽҡͷЦЦ»ҪһУ̫𣿡
˼˼Цȥã
ĽѾ˵οɲˣ˼ǣ
˼˼Ľһۣһ֣ɱ
ǡʮӦһȻƮΧסĽ磬γһƬĺû
ĽһЦĽ⽫ҪʱȻһɢţʮɫ԰ףϴž֮ɫ
Ľֶ΢Ц˼˼
˼˼ԭеɫЦĽʱΣüһˣҧ´
ĽҡͷģȻ٣·ҪأǱɱˣ
˼˼ЦһҡͷǴԣǴܣɱˣٹ׷ɱ㣡
ĽЦǵǺõúܣҲ뿴Եж
˼˼ʮߣɫ԰ףȻûʲôˣȻǲٶˡ
뵽òУôڶĹȻûл֮Ϲ˼Ȼ鴫
һȻνʣشĽס
ĽָһһУ˳ȥʧӰӣ˼˼ֿտգȴȻĽ
Ľ΢Цҡͷһ뻳


843 ٳ
ºòɣôĸ֣ôûˣпɳ֮أĽЦеĶ˼˼
˸಻ߣţ˱ǣĽܹƵļÿһëף⻬ɣûһëĽ̾ȷʵӰ㼡֪ᱻٵŮĽء
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ĽЦ㲻ʣҲ壬ܲԱֶδңȴԹ׸ɣ
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󵨣˼˼üȵ
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Ҫģ˼˼бη֮ɫһëҴ¾㣡
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ǣֻҪſǾͷŹ㣡ѩæͷ
ĽЦŤͷ˼˼£˵أֻӦɲС
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˼˼ŤߣһȻŤͷһ˦֣һ˲䵽ĽǰԶⳣˣܹᵽɢŵ
һ룬ϸ΢ţëҪǿ־ٶȣֶԶʤһ֡

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ſѩĽ̹
Ľһ˼˼λӣѩĽ˼˼˲䵽ؿڣҪ֮ʣѩ͵󳷡
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Ϊ⿰̵˼˼ؿ֮ʣѾ˻νѾˣ˼˼ɫһףȻˡ
Ľ΢ЦҡͷŮӼǹŪãԼ˸ˣٶΪ
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Ľһٴ˼˼λӣΪƣѩͶʩչֻͣŤͷüվŵİ˸ˡ
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һҡͷǲǶ֣طˡ
ĽǺЦãˣαֿԣ
ôѩһۣ

ĹʱһԲȻΪû˵һǱѨ
Ѩַǧأ֮ܶǣĽһʱŭ֡
ĽŤͷ˼˼ɴݺݵĵĽ޲һ㡣
ĽЦǹúõģپȥҿɲұ֤ܲܲ
ңѩ类β͵èݺݵĵһëʦһʬζ
ĽЦЦҡͷʦһκεҡ
ߣʦͨ޵УСһѩƲƲ죬мĵȻµһ֣ʦøһʶ
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˵һʧ٣дʵĴЦ¶֮ɫ
ѩһ¸첲Ѿˣ޺һ˦첲ţϹ˼Ϲ˼ţʦغһ仨ˮģ
ݺݵĶţϺܿһӣԲȣƺҪѵȴһ㡣
ιһնյԲ߻̾˿ô죿
ʲôô죿ѩŤͷϣôֲֻۣǣ˴ӣǲǱϹ˼˵ӣ
ǰնյԲҡͷЦˣʱ£ֲ粻֣Ϲ˼̫죬һ֣סʾһһ֡
ߣǾ̣ʾɺãѹûˣѩ׺ݺһۣû

Բ߿Цû룬Ϲ˼ͻ𣬲ƣ˵߱ߣûлᡣ
׶ԸģöýǹѩûĵһۣΪܸϹ˼һʰҲܸɫƣСǴԣ룬ûܸѹȥˣ
ǣ㲻ãǺãԲҡͷЦ
ѩûĵô֪Ҫȥʱ£
¹شֻˣϹ˼ȷʵöԸСģҪóȻˣǵȹʦغټƽϰɣԲεĵͷĵȰ
ʦز֪ʲôʱˣѩҡҡͷߵôôã
ҪļλʦֳԲ
ѩһ£ʦҲæģʦʦʦֲڣʦҲڱչء
Բ߿һΧѹµҲˣϹ˼µһ֣סģ˹ʦֻйʦˣ˵ʵЩڵĹǣʵԸ
ûбķӣѩüʡ
Բҡҡͷ̾Ϣһ֪Ǵû֣ʹǶϡ
ҲԸѩüյʡ
Բ߳һ£붭Ͻ֣书ɲ⣬ǲ֪ǳǲ˵⻰
ѩߵһŸʦ֣ö԰ɣΣ
ҪöϣҪµͷԲߵ
µҲˡѩεҡͷû뵽Ϲ˼Ѳ
ϷϹ˼öԸҪ׶֣а֮һɱϧСϹ˼Բҡͷ̾Ϣĸп֮ɫ
ѩûĵ֪Ӣ
ԲЦϷû˼ǸѵһѵٷͬĴˡ
⻰ʲô˼ѽѩҲǱѩ֮ˣл
ԲЦϷãأһˡ

ߣһȥ˵˵㲻ŶϣСѩ
Բһæҡ֣ǧ𣡡ҿû˼Ϊ˹뱣һʧ
ߣ֮СƶϣѩƲƲ졣
Բ޿κεҡͷЦУϷ˵ˣ
ѩŵЦߣԹǣȥ˵һ˵ɣȻع
áԲεĵͷ
Ź֣ӴаСʵڵﲻ𣬱̫񣬲˼˼ǹʦҵӣڹʦ±һĳţ֮ѷڹ
ڹʦǰ˵Լ仵ǿǳԲ˶ߣԼһûùӳԣʦԱǹȻ⣬ŵȴǺɵĻ̡
ң书ҲǾУԼǶ֣۸Լõˡ
СӼãӲˣĵ˵ϲԼһҪĭ
ѩǰ˼˼ɵĶ̽УȻһʧ٣ʾ˼Ṧ
Ƭ֮ڳһڡ
λһ֮ϣ˷һֱֱֱ£дгȥһ̽
˷嶥һۣڣɽ֮˿ΨɽܿСۡ
ɽ̫ͣûиṦ˼Ǻеôߴ㣬
λڴ˷ϵĵ۲Ѱĵ۲࣬שߣׯྲһǰ᷿ʦ񣬵ڶԺǾԺ
ۼΪľûѩǰ⣬ʦ֣
һŨü۵һǰЩɵۣǺЦСʦã
Ŀ࣬Լжʮ꣬Ũüۣһ˫۾̶һ㣬޼ʣֱͦıӣ΢촽͸һӢ

ʦ֣ѩ
æһܿӵǺЦСʦãڿǴҪעŮܲ׵ģ
ѩһۣ㽲ʦ֣ʱģ
ջͻʦЦеĵӻͳһСӣԼаƴСЦѩի֬
ѩիģѩһһţЦģ
ʦֵЦĸƭСʦ㣿
ѩһۣߣһûľǼٵģǸիģƫ˵ѩիģ˼˼ʶ
ʦЩΣͷٺٵҲƭˣϼһ˵ѩիϵֲ֬һģ
ܹ֬ɣѩϲʡ
ʦظĵС˼Ҿ˸ˣǸǮģҪǮûҪһѩի֬ƭ˰ɣ
ʦãӢ۾ඣѩСĵЦеĵ
ʲôӢ۾ʦæʡ
ѩ޵ĺһ޺޵˼˼Ϲ˼ˣȥʰһȻ˼˼ɣ
Ϲ˼ʦһȻ˵ĲµһϹ˼ɣ
ߣʲôµһ֣ǴﴵģѩΪȻƲƲ죬ʦֵøһƽϣǲȻµһ԰ˣ
ʦü
ѩͷһγıӵȻսʦʦڱչأȻܼඣ
ô˼˼ȥˣʦüʣҡҡͷ˼˼Ǹ¾Сʦٸ棡
ѩ˼ʦչأʦҪʦҲҪչأ㻹ȥ˼ңֻ˼˼ඣ
̫ˣôϹ˼ˣʦҡͷѡ

ѩЦŽ龭˵һ飬ЦϹ˼ȷʵмֱ£˼˼ΰ㶼û֣ˣ͵˱µĽ˶ʮڵĹǲɣ
ʦüʣжʮ
ʮĸѩʮڰ㣬а˸ڽ£ûܰɹ
ʦҡͷǺ֣˼˼ҪɱϹ˼
ѩЦ˼˼˵ɱֻǸ֪ǴҲǺ۸ģ
ҿδءʦҡҡͷ̾˼˼ɲĴģʱ˵Ҫɱˡ
˼˼˵ˣϹ˼ɱõġѩҡҡͷ
ʦ¶һ˿΢Цͷţ˼˼ҴҲףһɱϹ˼ǿ鷳ˣ
ʲô鷳ѽѩʣϹûʲô
ʦҡͷϹ˼ǴܵػһǴԳ⣬书ưոݣ
ģѩƲƲ죬ߵ˵ֲΪǸ书΢ǴԵĶ֣
ʦְڰ֣ô˵ҲǺ۸ģҲŶֵģµǾиɹ
Ҳои֣ѩһ㡣
ʦҡҡͷ̾ǵľиֱȲǣܵľѧѧһأȷʵ¡
ðɺðɣɱˣܵð˼˼ȳɣѩͷĵ
ʦ룺ô죿
ҹƻöϳ֡ѩƲƲ죺˵ҲδʤϹ˼
Сʦãҳ֣ʦʡ
ѩæѽѽҲ˼˼
ⲻصģϹ˼ϾǳѾõԹεġʦЦ
ѩߵԭҲô룬ʵһﻵúܣôɣ˾ܸɳ

ʦֺǺЦҡͷϹ˼˼ΪǸ̰˾ӣˡ
ʦ֣Ҫæ𣿡ѩߵ
ʦ룬ҡҡͷʦҲ˲֣˵ɡ
ʦ֡ѩҡΣһ˼˼иôҲ
ҡΣȻΪЩܲס飬εĵͷЦðɺðɣҿûնԸϹ˼ȷʵģʦҲƳˡ
ʦֳһܳɵģѩЦ绨
˵Ĺ򣬻ʹ̫УԪӢ£ʣüͷ壬⣬ȣ˿̬
ʮɣ˵ټüֱۣͦһòǶӡ
һ̫վף΢ƺڴ˯һ˾ֹ
̫׷ͯգҲǲ̬վǱߣԨsţһɷ緶
ڰޱȣţΨԪӢ۷µż̾ŭ
̫ȻۣƮƮߣ˴ֻܿǰ£빩
Ϸ룿ԪӢ̧ͷ
̫๪һǡ
ʲôԪӢһüͷڰ֡
̫ƮߣܿŰնյֱ߽ӹ򵹿һͷ
ЩƽʱУʹȻдʵ۰ȫЩֻڴסʱٳ֣߻ʵ뿪ʵʱǲŻᰵи棬ƽʱ֪
ЩΨлʵܹ޷ʹ

Ϸ룬͵Ľ𵤳𣿡ԪӢ۷£Цеʡ
빩̧ͷЦ£һֱأ÷׼͸ס
ԪӢЦǸТӣҲǺаʮ˰ɣ
ǣչʮ١빩ͷ
ԪӢ۳һ£ЦգٴһŽ𵤣Ǹģ
л¡빩æһͷ
ԪӢ۰ڰ֣ЦʦһϼȽ𵤸ʤһʱٸһţ
빩ٴлǼѵõ֮٣ϵ׳Ч
ԪӢЦԹ˵ɣʲô£
빩ǽԭԭһ飬ûͼӴףǺһһʮ˵


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˵ʲô˵˼˼˽ٳȥˣǲǣԪӢۺȻڵվ
빩ͷεĵδܻùȫ
Ϲ˼ǸܵϹ˼ԪӢߵǰͷȥͣ£ôĵӣ
빩̾Ϲ˼³Գ֮ȷʵѹ°ȥ
أǸʲôˣԪӢ۲ü˼˼ǵ˶ʮ˹ȥϹ˼Ҳѽ
빩ҡͷЦ£һֱСϹ˼񣬷ʤǻûȷӦѾ°˹
øϹ˼ˣԪӢŭɶЦںδ̽ˣ
סڳڡ빩ͷ
ǺõúܣԪӢЦһȭģرΧٶһЩȥ书Ǹܴùˣ
빩æʹã
ôʹãԪӢ۵һۣߵǿǿùеĹ
빩ҡͷ£˶ûã̫ߣٶҲΧסģ
ô˵û취ˣԪӢûĵ
Դڹݣɫٸɫ漰˰ŮĻһ꣬Ʋס
빩ҪԸֻø֣ǴʤģûУµһ־鴫
أԪӢüʡ
빩ҡҡͷϵ书纣ѣ
ֻܸɵˣԪӢûʡ
빩Ŀƶ䵽̫ϣЦ뵽Ψһѡֻжˣ
ҪԪӢ۽üֳûѡˣ
̫ත̫࣬һ쵽ߣȻƽʱãһ뿪ȴòӦ
ҶҲİȫټĻʹڣΨһܷĵֻж̫࣬ҪߣŲ˷ɡ

빩ԭʦõѡϹ˼ҲʦдһʦչأֻǶˡ
̫තһ΢һԣ·û˵
ԪӢת
΢ĵˡū뿪ߣȥһ˰ɡ
빩ҡҡͷϣϵ书Ϲ˼ίʵѲҲ޹
Ϲ˼Ҳǲģ˺ϹȥȰһȰ˹ǡ
빩Цһҡҡͷ׷ˣϹ˼Ҳ׽ȥˣҹһưոݣϣԼ뵽Ϲ˼벻
ԪӢüϷ룬ûкˣ
빩̾˿ԭʦĵҲãѾϹ˼Ƕ֣λ鲻
ţǶǴæˡԪӢ۵ͷ
£˿ŵûɣ֮ΪߣҲаա
ԪӢףֻˣϷ룬һ˳ۣŵûˣ֡
ǣ¡빩ͷ˳ȥ
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΢΢Цһ£˵
ԪӢǰ˼ͣסüɣһǲģȥһ˰ɣ

ԪӢ۰ڰֵҾʹ˭Ҳ֪ȥˣ˼˼Ѿͷܿ࣡Ϲ˼Ȩһպˣ
ǡͷԺȥȥء
ԪӢ۰ֵ֪ҲҪģ
һ˦ʧ
ԪӢ۳һһ£ɫһֱ˼˼ӣ֪Ϲ˼ݲ̲ͬסġ

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˼˼ôĵӣ
ĽҡͷЦ⻰˵ôǸÿ֮ˣһ
˼˼Цҡͷ˴鷳һݣ
ĽǺЦҲʶһ¹ĸ֣
˼˼ʦһأļգ
ĽЦйȪ·飬Ҳįûʲôˣҹʦǰ㱾£
ЦЦɣϽЦպûлЦˣ˼˼ƲƲ졣
ûͼߣ֪ƾĽԼǾܲģèϷһϷˣʵʵţ˹Լ
Ľİƣܿ˶˲ĽϵһƳһ΢Ц⡣
˼˼һ֪⻰ǹô⡣
Ƭ֮ڵվĽ뿪СͤԱߵĻԹ͡
Ƭ֮Զһ㣬һƬǰ
ʱ̧ͷĽһֱСͤ￴飬Լ֪ߡ
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ⴿԼԼӲģ
뵽°գ߷߲ƽ֮ģβִУԹԵ
Աһɣ˻ߣȻ£ڻУ
һ˰ΣĽûж¸գƶǽڣطԾǽܡ
ǽͷ֮ʿһСͤĽȻĿ飬ûߣϲ
ǽͷӹڿлʮɺ䵽һҪܣӻػʹʱһЩϤϢС

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Ľ΢ЦԺ棬ʱܳȥ
ҷҪߣŭߡ
ĽҡҡͷֻжԲסˣֻ֣ܷѨ
ߣҼסˣ˼˼ŭߣ棬˫򢣬Ľ
ĽĿ⣬ȻĿ顣
һֱĽҪڣȴûʲôЧʱȴ÷ɿ죬Ϧ£Ѻ԰Ⱦõɫǳ
ϹڣһƮۡ
˼˼վϲĵϣ
Ľ΢Ц˼ڴˣɡ
Ӱһ̫තСͤ⣬ִƮƮȻһϮ̫࣬ȴѲȺһȣ΢΢Ϲ
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ⶭһ̫ѶСһѧΪ֮νѵһĸ֣ϧδܳѳ书ΣһεĸҲв
ף΢Це֮Ϲ˴ຣ
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Ľ˼ǰԣΪԹʦдѧܰĵȵԹʦأ˼м
ͷû⣬Ϲģ˴ޣ
ǺǡĽЦͷʹ죬£ɣڣ
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΢ЦºܵĹΣūδȥǿЩȥɣĪñġ
Ҳߣ˼˼Ťͷţ㲻ѵұ㲻ߣ
һ£ҡͷ̾ϢūֲȡˣҲϹĶ֡
ģ˼˼ŵʡ
Уⶭϵ书νǴڵһܼʹǹʦԶҲ˵ʤԲܻøʰȫ

󻺻ͷūƭ
Ǻðɣ˼˼޺޵ĶţϹ˼α㣬ʦأôʰ㣡
ѩ˲뵽ˣ˸ҪĻҲϹ˼Ķ֣һϹ˼Ըʲûܵס򻢲䷴ɣĴ¿ɲܸɡ
ʹҪʰһҲҪȹʦأаղųɣò
ĽЦЦ£ˡ
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˼˼ݺݵĽһۣƮӹǽͷȥתʧǽ⡣
ĽЦ͵ţβ
ѩʿһСͤǰ
ĽĿѸٴѩɨʿϣ΢ЦСԹʦߵܣ
ʿͷһ񣺡ƶѩɼϹ
Ľڰ֣΢ЦʦͽСøΪдһ
ˡѩҡͷЦС֡
ʦ֡ѩʱŤͷ
ѩЦСʦãϹѧԨ纣ҲԶ粻ۡ
ĽЦЦдѣںʤ
ѩҡͷƶ׳ˣģǲޣʦһºء
ĽЩĵ治һȣ
ѩҡͷᶨЦúЪϢɣƶͲˣǣ
˵ѩӣǿдʧĽǰתʧ٣ĽҡͷʧЦ
ѩɻǸϣϣǳܼԶȷʵСƣͽʦɿһ㡣

ʦ֣ѩţǶˣûͶǸС
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ѩҡͷЦСʦãϹ˼鴫µһ֮˵
ߣʦãµһ֣ѩ޵ƲƲ죬мʦһأ仨ˮ
ѩҡҡͷŨü
ôѩ˵չʦʲôأ
ѩɿһۣ
ʦ֡ѩš
վڴ棬ϦյΧͶҲһϼ⡣
ѩ̾˿ҡͷСʦãСϹ˼ˣʦʹأǡ
ʲôʦ㲻˵ʦ򲻹ɣѩɴӣСҲſˡ
ѩͷ
磡ѩƲƲ죬ĵʦͨ书ܶʦͨ
ѩɵ˲ͬģȥʦͨ
ǰ׵ҲŲأѩ벻İڰ֡
ѩҡͷЦ̾ϢһԸˡ
ѩһۺߵѽϲ˼룬Ҫȥ˼˼棬ûί
СʦãȥϹ˼ˡѩɵ
ѩ֪֪ʦǲ书֪ʦʵ
Сʦãѩ¶Цݡ
ѩһͦظЦȻһ̶˳ȥ
һһֱƽ˾û鷳ĽҲֵ徲һֱԼĸĴĦĦԪ֤ҪһȴδܵŶ룬Ҫȥѩɽ
ҪѩɽҪȥһħŵϳϧãȸԶдһ˵˵ʲôջ
Զĸ֣ȥ󺹣ѰңĽеҪο೤Щʶ
һ峿ʱ֣ĽɣȻѩɵϹʦѾأɽһ


845 
ĽһȻʦˣ
Ʈ˳ȥֱӴ˸⣬ѩɵĶС
ѩɵ𣺡ǣʦոճأѾӻʹҹϹ
ĽЦãȥ
һѩɸǰѩһϮɵۣʵ޻ʵѿǹʦ֮ӣ
ĽЦеĵʦ书
ѩҡҡͷʦչʵ书
ĽüͷһȻⵤ
ǡѩɵͷ֣ʾĽС
ĽûƴǣߣһʵʦȻⵤǸʵ۵İɣ
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ĽҡͷЦûʲôôҿʦĿǳ֮˰գ
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Ľ̾ⵤȴڵศл
ѩüҡҡͷûж˵
ĽⵤֺãȰʦְɣպա
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ĽҡͷЦЦûٶ˵˰Žֵǰߣһ˳ţֱǰ
ѩǰͷ·ǺܿƮ˷嶥˳ۣĽ۵λãΪ͵ĵͷȷʵǺõطŨԶʤطʺˡ
˷ߣһɵľŷǲһŨ̶Ҳ˲١
Ǹյǰ۴ŶȻĸƮĽѩǡУһϮסģﱧһûбĲм
ĽΪмΪ书Ϊ˼˼Ϲ˼书ãƷզأֵء
վһʿݣòݣʱǸӣԾɷɶˡ
ҲվһʿԼʮ˾̴꣬ȴ棬ò㡣
ĽĿеСϵʿϡ

Ŀⲻɵһ£΢΢һ۾³ϵʿݡԹʦԶ
û뵽ԹʦȻ˵ƽƽ棬ڴϣע⣬ֻƽǵʿö࿴һۡ
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Ųϣһ˫۾峺һûɫһ˫۾顣
ĽΪƽòӣΪﵽһΣ豹棬ΪΪмɲ⡣
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ĽȭЦԹʦˡ
Զ΢ЦҡҡͷϵҰףУͲϹţ롪
ĽٿԶһߣ˹ڡ
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ѩһԾ죬ʦ̫ˣƵļһøʲôɫֱӴ˱ǡ
ԶźɫȴأҺҷֻܽԼﻰѹţбĽɫ
֮СĵӷϲԶĽЦЦĽҲ˲裬˺һڣȻ¡
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ĽҡҡͷЦʦؿ˼Ҳһ£ѣŹʦĽҪдһ
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Ľʦͽｻ֣ȷʵףʦؿ
ǺǣˣϵҲƴǣǱд֡ԶЦŵͷԶڹסϼգǺú׽׽
ĽЦ֮ã
ԶߵǰԺһõǰ䣬Ȼֵѩ
ǣѩӦһ˷ܵŽǰ

ԶϽ΢ڣʵ޻ûй⻬ȻһľĽüͷһ£ЦǹʦĽ
Զ΢Цͷϵ֮ˣմȾ֮ľ
ĽЦĽľɣǱаãħҿɲħ
ԶǺЦŵͷ׵ˣľСӲʵѷ潣ǧľպס
ĽͷˣҲľ֪ۿУ
ǡԶҡҡͷתʿѩ壬Ľһðɡ
ʿͷĽǰ˫ֵϣϹ롪
ֹǣλȣȻǹƽĽʱǡô
Ľӹľ˽Զһ޶ɫƶһޣȻͬһƵĽ
ٿѩѩɣ˶潣ȻûʸľΪңľڳ۷ѵá
ʿȴû뿪תʦϹһ
Զüͷһ壺ѩ壬£
ʦӾϹµһ֣ʵھϹˣѵãҪֽһʿûжȵĻش
Զеạֽ̊́д֮˵
ĽЦеĵǾ˼ûʸʦְɣ
仰֮ԣȴһԵʿ˼ʦϹ˼Ȼųµһȴû
ԶüһʿʿϹˣϹʦȹ֮ûٶ֡
ĽЦԶʦͽʦţ

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Ľڰ֣ʦȻұͽдһǵһд衣
Զ̾˿ЦǾˣѩ⼸۸ڶô˵Ҳã죬ֻá
ĽľһͣƮѩǰΪܣдһȭŹɡ
룡ʿ
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飡һ죬ʿֱֱȥ
Ľٴһʿһ٣ƮƮأǡͣڴǰ棬ûȥ
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ĽüͷһԶΪȷʵǿᣬôﵽ˺һ֮һ˿ɱȡ
Ľƴ̳һʹϹ˼ƿսƮƮһȴ˲ԶǰԶվǰ
ԶһһߣҪܹĽĽʱȴһʧһֵԶǰ
Զɫ΢䣬ľطֻֽһ㡣
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Ľ΢ЦʦΪٿһ
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ԶȻǿᣬΪƿսǰȴţʩ
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Ծƿս򲻹һƿռ䣬ִԷǰֱӵǾ޿ܱܿ
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һ֮£Ľȴûϵ˲䳷ȥֻһ£ȻսҡͷЦʦ辡ųɣĪҪҡ
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ԶҲΣƴȴƫƫĽЧͨһ㣬Ƿʯͷٴķ磬Ҳڴʯͷ
ɫʧѾõʤ͵һǣ˷·ǴһȦϹСˣϵҪʩչĵ
ĽЦʦ롪
ԶȻ˺ϲһ첽ƣεľ֮Ӷǽ
Ľüͷһûгû֪ʩչ뿴ĵǺģ˺һۿ
Զһȳʮһ·ƼεƺŲӿĴ󺣡
ȳʮһ֮ľ͵һָգȻϺ̫
ӿȵ͵һǣһƺεĴְסˣǿһȻԶڡ
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Ľ΢΢һЦԼĴٻӳȻ޷ƣʱʧصΣա
ԶڵĽЧ΢۾һɫѩǿţʶʦˣһˣϢȡɭɭɱš
Զȳһһٿʧ˲ĽľһͣĽ󱳡
ĽʧԶͬͳľʽԶղʩչһģһ
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ԶٴγʱĽһûʧŤͷ΢΢һЦֹ˶
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֪Ľ˼ϷԼȻǲԵĹԭҲûб̫ϣǸⶣԼɲһˣȡ裬һҪģ
뵽ݺݵĽһۣŤߣת۹ʧڴӰΨɢ
ĽЦҡҡͷû⣬һʧȻں԰ҵϣһ׼뿪ˡ
ʱ洫ѩϹڣ
Ľɡ
Ӱ£ѩƮƮ˺԰ĽǰһϮƮƮмɷ֮ʡ
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ıȻ䣬ȴȱȻ󲻵Ľ˵ʦɵӹϼ
Ľüͷһ£ԶȻؿԼ£ܹԼͽ֮£ѾôŲƷһ׽ǷԼˣô
ʲôĽĴѩ
ѩЩһ£û뵽µһ֣Ӿ㡭ԭΪǸأЦĴأǰϹ˼ԼȻͬ
ѩһƿ浤һƿһƿлȭһϹգ
ĽҡͷЦʦͣҵлʦĺˣȴա
ѩʦ˵ʦȼʵ֮־ĪɣܲлƿҩҳݣⱾȭʦãмϹ棬ʲôͣ

ĽЦǺǣЩҩкιЧ
Ǽٲ֮ǿȻˣϹ˵ֵһᣬԻָ浤࣬棬ȻϹ˵ҲޣԳȴ鵤ҩ֮١
Ľüͷһ£Ц֪ԶЩҩ⣬͸Լ͸Լ˵ġ
ЩҩʲôҩЧ󣬵û书书Ѱ˵ȴϵҩЧ
ʦǡðɣ±ǣĽε̾˿Ƿһ飬ԶǸ
㰦̾ѩŭ˵õʦĵҩǸж£˷ܲѣϹ˼ãûимǰ̾Ǳһˣ
ߵǺðɣʦ˵ǷĻϳ۴죬һѧ
Ľεĵͷá
ǣѩһҲÿƲסԼƿҪʦһҪԼġ
ӻóСƿһвŵ飬ŵĽǰʯϣŤߣƮƮ뿪˺԰
ĽСƿֱӬͷС֣дŸԵĵοӣʱһǿףɵһһ»Ծһ֮С
Ľ̾һ䣬ȷʵҩǿЧһΪģƾ˵ǿΪ
õҩǿΪƼһŵҩһ֮Ļٷһţֻ꣬ٷţҲֲˣ˷ѡ
Ҫ辫һ㣬ҪȿҰ֮˵ٷڵΪ
Щֻѧ书ǿ˵Ȼްˡ
浤ģҪһ˶ƤϣҪһĻⵤҩڸĸȷʵ漫
ЩһֱƯ⣬ǼңʱǹҼΣϱϾʹˣû书Ȼ泩ȴѹ˥֮࣬Щҩò

ֱ뿪ڽԶȴֱ뿪ˣ죬ȥۣԶ̸ѧ
ڴŲûб¶ûԶ˵ˣȨԼܣһѣ˵Ҫ
Ϲ˼ΪϮڶΧ˴ŲûдǣɣΧҲɣڣв
˴ŲĽС´ȥã䣬ңڡ
⼸쵱УĽܾԶʲô£Ľֱûз棬֪ԼҲûж£壬̸һ£ȻһЩ书ۣᡣ
һĽ治ǳԶȻΪ书֮Ԩȴǿһأܵٵʤڱչؿޡ
һ峿ʱ֣ĽڳԷԼһ˳ԣլһ£˶̫ϡ٣м壬ĽûжᣬԼݾ֮ػ̫˼
һڴԷ˶ǴӼӢ¥ģĳʦռѣĽΪϲ
ǡʱϴҴҽӣݵ
Ľüͷһ磺ɣ
ǡϼûжӭ˼һ£ûǿתҴҶȥ
Ƭ̹˼˼ƮȻĽѾ磬ƵĳԷЮ֮ʳûһۣݹ٣ʧԶӭˡˡҪԵ𣿡
˼˼һϮӴżֽǣȴԲʧӢˬһۣԳԳԣô㣡
ĽЦЦԵζҿû﹫ɣ
ߣ֪֪󺹵ĸ˼˼ߵĽ˫ۡ
Ľüͷһ󺹸֣
˼˼ߣѾ˾ʦҪսʦ

ĽȻ󺹵ĸҪսʦ
㣬ôᣡ˼˼ƲƲӣߵʦǲң㣬Ҫ˶
Ľüмˣ
ĸ˼˼
Ľʣ书ǿ
Ī⣡˼˼ߵ
ĽЦЦû̽һ
⣬˼˼ƢִУ̽˰ɱ񵱳Լһ
̽ˣǺ˼˼üëһˣû뵽Ǿ
Ľǿɲңģ˲ٸְɣ
˼˼һŤͷϹ˼᲻æ
Ľ΢΢һЦǴܰգǴԿͷ˵Ҹòðæأ
ǹͬĵˣ˼˼һۣ㲻Ȱɣ
ĽЦЦͶԹʦûģ
˼˼ߵҲǲŹʦĸһ̫ҪĴ㣡
ĽҡҡͷûҴܣҴܵĵˡ
˵ڴ󺹱˰һѣСһͲ뱨𣿡˼˼б
ĽЦԩͷծǱ󺹵ĸְһѣܲеĴ󺹸ֳɣ˵£أأƣɲˣ
㡭˼˼ʱǺ졣
ĽЦĵҪȻ޸ҵĶӲ֮࣬ˣؽЩǲǣ
û뵽õϹ˼ȻǸļһ˼˼Ǻݺݵĵ
ĽЦеĵŮӺϣ¿ɴӦ
ߣΣ˼˼Цмĵһۡ
Ľ΢Цˡ˼Զգ
㡭úãϹ˼㿴Ŀˣ˼˼ЦмĵȱæŸߣ֮ǰһ
˵աĽĵһţ

˼˼һߵŵǹʦΣգܾ¹ʦǴǴܱͣս
Ľüͷһ˫۾âʱ䣬һ˼˼ɵıһ۾漴͵
ͷһǸһ»Ϲ˼Ѩ
æȻඣǹʦʤһһ㲻سˣҪһģ
Ľ΢۾⻰棿
ʿһ֮ȻһԾŶඣ˼˼Ȼ΢¡ظʵĻǽԣᷴڣ
װ磬ʵظ΢¡ѡ
Ľ΢΢һЦǣȴŲأô죿
㡭˼˼Ȼɫ䣬ŭ⻰ʲô˼ѵһ֮ƭ㲻ɣ
ĽҡҡͷթʹˣΣܲ˶ɱգֵø󣬷ԸҲ
Ҫβţ˼˼ŭߵ
Ľ΢Цܼ򵥣Ȣ˹ඣ˵㸸谮Ĺ
ͽӣɫ֮ͽ޳֮˼˼Ҳ޷ƣƿڴȥô䡣
׶飬̵߽ĶѧԨϷӣȻӴ磬֮УȴûѧЩ˵ĺݻ
ĽЦеĿһȻĳŷһ߿Ǻӣţŭݡ
࣬ʹˣԲʧһܡ
ĽˣҡͷЦ˰ɣȵһΣ
˼˼ݺݵĵ˭ϡľƣ
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ʦҲǺˣѵͼȣ˼˼ĵʡ
ĽҡͷʦѣŹʦӦʹУҲܱȫû֮ǡ

ԶóͨȻԼţͨЧԼǿ֮Щͨ
Լһǿᾫ֮ºУԶʹ򲻹ǣҪҲ׵úܣ书Ǳ仯Ī⣬ʤ
˼˼ݺݵĵһĽ΢Цԣ˵ĿڿײһҪֳʤ
ι˼˼һŭߵúãϹ˼ĺݶҴӦˣ
ĽͷһЩӲ΢Ц⻰⣿
˼˼ŭߵܾ¹ʦұ޸㣡
ĽǿЦŭģûӦϾϹ˼Ѿʮ꣬ĸˡ
ĽǿЦЦǿЦɣ
Ůӣ˵Ļ³Ķᷴڣ˼˼Цбô뷴ڣ
Ľ˼𵴣ھ¶ϰߣ΢Цò޸ôһͷӣ
ϣ书ǿÿܱһã˼˼ߵ
ĽЦҲһ鲼£½֦ҶʹС
˼˼бǲ£ȴµһ֣ǻϼҲҪ֡
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һ˼˼ֻһϢ漴ǰһȴǵ˳⡣
ȻĽ漴죬˿̫æͷ룬Ľ§ţ޷뿪
ĽָڴǰʾȻһ˽˳ۣȴں֡
ԶƮƮִľսһţΧۣԶͽѩǣǴߡ
֮УۼòĹͬΨд죬¡ëһ۱ܿóĸ߱Ǵˡ

ʱ˶ųУţûзĽĿһȫעĽľ
ѩʱǲŷˣʱ˹Ŀһסһ
Ľͨʱ׽˵˼ȻΪҲǿĽǿףǲ׽˼
΢΢һЦλּˣ
Ϲ˼ûɫ䣬ʧе
߾ο࣬ԭ˾񣬴ʱĽ֮£ӿȵΧĿǴһ㡣
ѩ˻˼˼ֻؿһͣǰڣҪʹȥĽȴһ˶ʱָ糣
Ľ΢Цλĺ˼СӲúܣգ
Ŀתмˣ΢ЦΪأΪ˹ʦ
ߣϹ˼ȷʵ󣡡һЦû뵽ţãʰԵļһ˳ʰ㣡
Ľ΢ЦҡͷԲѣûйҫǻվǰҪǵĵ
ߣ䱣סָܻΪưˣкξգЦ
ĽǺЦҡҡͷУʦٲ׾ˣʰǱǣ
ԶɫǺ죬ŵȴԽƮ鶯ˣƽʱʵ޻Ȼͬ
ϹлԮ֣΢Цתľ²Ĳ֮䡣
Ȼˣȴû̫ŰȻҲɡ
ûԼڣʹɱУ֮߳룬Լˣûк֮ǣȻͬ
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ûȫ˽⵱Ϲ˼İ㣬ͨͨ˸ţһȺ󺹸Χ
ܲΧԼģһĸ֣Ǵ󺹶ĴڣԹʦҫΪס
˼˼һбĽһۣмֲޡ


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Ľ΢۾ųеĸߣ˼ת˵ȫ֪оΪ·Ϊ񸩿
˼˼еŭĽоõԿЦЦǿˣҲûʲôº˵һգͲԼ˵ϡ
ѩһڽֵϣ޲óȥæָо죬û뵽󺹵ĸ
ĸ߶мֽţʱɨĽΨԶľˮɱ⡣
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߻賤ǰϴһͬаϮǰʲôҲûС
Ľ̾ߵĸозḻĲɱ飬һɣҪ˵֮书ӵķʤ
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һһǰйһһңԶı仯仯طλ˵Ľһ𣬽ԶС
ĽҡͷһסԶŶûϾʩչ
ȷʵ仯Ī⣬ʤҲһ㣬Ҫʱʩչ书һ㣬ⷢ
ԽӴĵҪԽãʱԽãеĵҲʩչȴ⣬߶ԣĵκβǡ
Զüѩ˸üʦ
ĽЦЦоԶľûвȻкţΪڴĿš
ȻԲһͣζһ£ǱѨԶû첽ѸٵĻһܣľһ̣̫
һ˵ʵȴʯһûܷӦһֱңʽɸı䣬λȴ䣬һûȫסԶץס˻ᡣ
飡һ죬Բֱֱ˳ȥ

ڿһѪήȥæԾסͷһƣԲߵѳʽɫͿһۡ
˶һۣԱԶֶû뵽﷭˴ȻԶҧһڡ
һ˴ӻͳƿеĵҩȫԲһƣ»衣
˷վֱһڳУ˳֮ƣԶΧС
һԶȫסˣγǣȦУε鶯Ʈݣֻӽǰܲʣֻܿռ䣬λá
˵ĽγɸԵȦӣռԵĿռ䣬һѹԶĿռ䣬Ҫ֮䣬ȴܲ˵Ľ⡣
ľѩ׽ⲻͣĽơͣѩľ޲˹ȥæ
˼˼һĽӣߵ֣
ĽҡͷЦһȣʦı»ûʩչأ
˼˼޺޵ǲ׼ȣ
ĽЦİɣұʦ£
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ĽЦŵͷʱеԶһ˵Ľ֣䵽ľһ̡
٣ЦһͷҲأȴʧ˲λλ˸λá
ľ̿գ˹ٴΰԶУڣⱩǣٴ
ԶŲæȴΣѩһҪǰǲֹأԼҲӡ
Ľҡҡͷ뿴Զѹ׵Ĺ򣬵ԶʩչԼء
˼˼ֳһӣѽ
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ߣŪ飡˼˼мƲƲ죬ȴųп

ϣԶԽԽʱᱻУ֮գѩ˴Ҫȥˡ
Զɫ糣ɣҴæУľ裬ֻƾŽ²ľ볤ཻ
ʦѩһ
Զҡͷѩǲس֣
ǡѩĵĴӦһεڽϵСҲɿ
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һݽУƾǵΪʹݽҲô
Щ죬ǺʲôסˣÿһóɫǺ죬ŭĿԲݺݵĵԶ
Զĵ£˽ƶ˺Ӷ֮ϡ
飡һ죬ƺһըεӿѩ˲Խˡ
ĽһӣʱƵᣬӿɢ١
ߣ߶ϺһһԶ
ش漴һ׺ԶٶףܵͷѾǰ
Զбһɫ΢ףû뵽ΪȻǿͨ˵
꣬仯Ī⣬û㣬νһʮᣬڵҲǴһޱȵҲ޿κΣĽʱͨ޲ߡ
һȱܿ˰׺Ľ⣬ڿһۣٴιȥԶæһ
һת׷ᣬݲԶָɱģֻæĶΪǱ
ѩ˿ǽҪְæ
ʦѩͷĻ
Ҫ֣Զһһ߶Բʧ
ѩ˶ţץסСٴηſĿ⣬ݺݵߡ
ν뽣⻯Ϊһ壬Ϊһ׺磬ͣĹԶٶޱȣԶǱ֣ѿڡ

ȴɫȻǰʧɢӿʹΪһЩ˼˼Ҳܸоõ
ĽüͷһЦЦ֪Ҫˡ
Զ̾Ϣһҡͷ̫Īϵˣ
ЦԶʲô¾ʹǵҪܷˣ
ԶһɫǺ죬˷·ǴһȦ۹Խӿȣ֮УĲβĸƶ
ĽһûеסһҲ޺ģǸ
ƺһѩһ֪ʦҪʩչ׷ˣ°Եǣ׷Ȼǿ󣬷ɵΣ
һʩչİ;ƻҪҷģԲ򲻵ѵʱ򣬾ʩչ׷ġ
ճֵ࣬˴˶һۣؼӽҪ֮ǰԶ
е˵ҪԶʩΪʶһȴԶǴӼ˻ҧء
ԶƮƮԽƮݣȴ͸һ˿ζ˵Ĺ޷赲ĽŲ
Ľ֪̤ĲʩչʱȻԭķȴⲽϲųɣһʩչҲǺ
ԶĲδܱƣҲƣĽҡҡͷ˻ǲ֪׷
ʱƣԶԽԽǿʵʣѩŮǰĽභʱ֡
Ľ֪ԶƴˣǴɱ˵˼Ҳ˵ѹ䶥ľѧҪһ¶Ǭ
߸оӿԽԽǿᣬһĲϵ³漴ҧϺһӻһѣ˦˳ȥ
ɣѩĽ߳УâԶ
Զȴ벻ںҲ㣬ɰ顱һ죬ЩײǽڣԶ׷׹䡣

ѩսСٴη£һã
˼˼ĽӵҲˣŤͷбһۣһĽ΢΢һЦųп
ãЦһٴһ˦ӣһٴײԶؿڡ
Զ顱һ·˳ȥ类ײϡ
Ľɫһ䣬һʧԭأڿУסԶͬʱ󱳡
ӿɽ鱩ŰʱᱬѿĽȥ֮󣬶ʱһȺŭ֮ҵ˷йĶӿӿ
Ľأ²ĲһһԲשһƬƬݣһ紵שĩߣһһԲӣԲӵĴСǡĽ˫Բ
һʮ˴̨£ȵվסͷһƣԶؿһ
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ס֣ѩΪһ׺·ߡ
Ϊ󣬽ۼɱʵڲѷԶ
һ׽רΪɱˣؼ֮⣬ѩ츳Լ˵ʽĽʵǾˡ
׽Ҳԣǿһǵһǵµһڶףµڶףνһɱɱ˱ߣˮûת徵أ̫ˡ
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ԶؿڣһˣǷɵҪģĽѾ˳ȥ֮ǡ

Զ쵽ȡһСƿ΢ЦлԮ֡
ĽֽӹСƿЦʦؿţ
һŷ£һ󡣡Զ
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ʦ㡭ʿɡ
ԶߵˣϹأѩи̣Ҳ»ˣ
ǣεĵͷʦСʦõĳ谮ʵ޿κΡ
Ľ΢Цɡ
ԶһسƮƮһĳǺߡ
߸оȻûͬ˼֮£̣̳
ĽָһָײϽ⣬ʱ˳ȥ
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ƮƮһӡϺؿڣ࣡һ죬൹ڵϣȥ˹ͷࡣ
߲ѩһ˳ȥĽ
ĽʩΪƮƮһƣײϽ⣬Ȼ󽣹ⱻۣ˳ȥȴͣһ£Ȼ㲻ĽƮƮơ
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Ľ΢ЦһΣҵҪǴ󺹻ʲôֶΣϹ˼ɲôȡ
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ĽͷǾĿԴùҫϴɾӵŰɣһβĴ
Цǻʦģ
ĽŤͷʦһΣ
ƾϡԶףϥڵϣ꣬ߡ
ɫ󣬺ָؿöҲȡˣȻҩЧ飬ġ
Ľһǹɣ
һ֮£ȥڵľǶʱһɣָжˣʱʱָܻġ
߱һȭЦ֮ͣձص𣡡
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ûʲôĵģͲȥأ˼˼һۣûĵֲСèСһΪ亦ôǣǡ
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ⲻǷŹʲô˼˼ûĵ
ĽҡҡͷЦǰҵܰ£Ǳ£Ӳ
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¸мȻ֪ǹģΣûϹ˼ԼͽܣҪˡ

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ĽҡҡͷʦͲȥˣġ
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ĽҼѾսҪ׼һ£Ѱһطչأ񣬺ñһ֮𣡡
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˼˼һűʣҪߣ
ĽͷǣʦãȴҼңҪȥչأ»кηԸ
ǡ˼˼һ¡
Ľ΢ЦǰϷ²ص棡ڱ˵սű»ŵԣ
㡭˼˼Ǻ죬ŭ
ӦҪﲻ֪ôίŭԭȴһϷϷˣԼ
ʱûɣŭ˫һŭĽ޲ǰ˺
Ľûͨ˼Ͻ͵Цһ¹ɷϵһʯͷ˰ɣ
Ϲ˼˼˼ҧгݣÿһֶǴݷģ͸˿˿
ĽЦ˼һм֪֮Ȼм书ȴһѣôܵ鹫ػǸһСЦĪҪ⣬ϣ
˼˼Цһ٣˭ˣ
ģĽ΢ЦѲɣҪ޸ң
˵˼˼ѿڽебһۣΪ˭ã뷴أʡһ򣡡

Ľ΢ЦңȥϹңʺһ䣬լӾиˣżǣ
˵ȭ˼˼΢΢һЦ漴һʧ٣·֮Уûгֹ
˼˼վԭأüǺ죬ƽ
Сͤʯ£ϸ˼Ľо֮̾ϢһϧΪá
ἺӶ絽ԣҲһ£ԼҲûʲôԹģΨӢ﷽Ϊɷ򣬿ΪԼ֮򣬿ϧϹ˼վûй鸽֮ġ
ɺߣԼòˣ
¾ģһҪȥܣסϹ˼Ҫ併ɣ
ҪҲҪһ֮ڵȥչأû˼Լģȥ󺹣Ҳϡ
뵽üҪʹֶΰæˣʵڿϧǴԵʧ
Ľûзشܣֱӷؽţ°˶ˣûжֱͣӻ塣
塣
峿ˬΧȾʣһʴΧ
Ľһ֣ʱĿյϣ֣̿һϮɫװǺЦ޼ɣˣ
ỪҲһϮɫװǺǴЦٲҪʦòˣ
Ϫͬװ棬ҡͷʦܣ⻰ʦɲˣ
Ừæҿɫ΢䣬ûˣһʦֺαˣСʦܣƣ
ĽϽǰЦż
޼ɣһȥ̿ʡ
ĽȥһԣʦҪȥѩɽ֮
ѩɽ̿һ漴ߵѩɽû˷ȥ
ĽЦܣΪɷǲǣ
ѩɽ֪ˡ̿հڰ֣ҡͷЦЦ

Ľһ˴λʦɩЦӯӯĴһۣûж˵ֻ˵һٺõġ
Ľ֮ʵʦħ߻ðɣ
̿һüͷҡͷ̾˿Ừںߵ̵ģħӣ߯ˣ
ϪҡͷСʦܣһħźܻԾҲ֪ôˣÿ춼мӲ̣òɿ
Ľʦֶʦֲȥ𣿡
մһǶ˵ˡϪҡͷЦ
ỪںߵħӣñֶΣ˵ǣ
ǴˣԹˡϪҡͷ
̿տĽЦ޼ɻҲͷˣһٶħҲס
Ľô£ʦ
̿̾˿ÿ꣬һΣ񷢿һ㣬ȥͺˣûʲô
ĽǺԭ򣿡
̿ҡͷҲ֪ʮħλʮɽû̽ó
ʦûһǵϳĽüʣЩţ˵Ӧ֪֪ףŻϵ
̿ҡҡͷûҲеɣǲǼȴؿƿ
ĽʦΪؿƿ
̿ճƬ̣ҡҡͷʲôܣ
ĽЦҲض£ҽȥǡ
ȥỪںٺЦСʦܣ֪ܲɣǿûܽȥ
ĽЦЦô֪˵ħڵ࣬Ǳסء
һǸǿأỪڵ
ĽЦܻˣûʲô˵ġ
ϪҡҡͷСʦܣҾ㲻ðգʾΪҲﵽʦĳ̶ȣҪСģһλʦ̽ʮħţȴʯ󺣣Ҳûǡ
ĽʦַİɣֶΡ

˵СŲ̿ճ
Ľͷʦ˰ɣ
̿յõĦԪȷʵǲһ·һӣûʲôЧ
ϪỪڶͷǶºһӣȴûʲôЧ书
ѧḻѼѧһǶľѧֻǲ벵书ԼĦԪһ֮ûЧҲʧȥȤ
书Ŷ˵ʮԭѧѾǾֻҪˣɺ£Ѿĸٸģ±òʧ
ĽȻûʲôЧɣ
ôᣡỪƲƲ죬ߵ˵СŲɣҪǿľʩչһΣŲʮԶʩչṦأ
ĽЦҡҡͷ⵹ǣСŲؼǾ񣬶ĺķѼͣ˶ǡǡǶ̴
Ľ̾˿һǰ׷ˡ
СʦܣСŲжԶϪЦ
Ľһʧһ֣һ飬ЦŵݸϪ
Ϫɫ΢䣬Ȼҵ飿
ķɣȻôٶȵṦȷʵöࡣ
ṦѾͬСɣĽ͵ʦħãٶ֮ºУĽСŲָ켸֣ȷʵš
ĽЦƾṦɴðɣ
ϪỪ̿գ̿룬ͷṦһԣʮħȷʵĪ⣬Ȱ㻹Ǳðգ
ĽʦŪŪʲô飡
ϪЦʦСʦΪԱûģֻҪӲǣԳȫɣ
ỪڵһȥΣҲиϣ
Ľæ֣ʦ֣һȥɣһΣҲ㣡
̿յỪһۣʲô֣޼Ṧһԣмϣȥһȥ

Ừӣ켸䣬ٶ˵ˡ
̿תͷĽ޼ɣڳӲˣҲǿ㣬Ҫףʮħ̶Ѩȴ󺹸Σգ
ĽͷʦһСĵģ
̿տε̾˿ðɣҲ˵ˣֻһ䡪ܣ
ĽЦʦģ
ϪСʦܣȲȥú׼һ£
Ľͷȷʵúú׼ҲһЩҪչԵջ
ԶĲҪһѩ׽Ǻ콣⣬ȴҲ
ҪǴŲĴŲȷʵıţǱڣ
һŲһǿΪһã¶ʵڲŹȥħŵû
˹̿ǣ˼£壬ַǳŮ󣬵˸ɭɭ͸ɷ
ĳ֣ѩ¶ϲɫûֹͣɣϡ
ĽվһԴǽú϶ȣʾģûб¶֮ݣ÷վտ֮
Сӽ֮ʱЦʦãʦãǻ˼˰ɣ
ŮЦĴĽĿ󵨡
ŮΨһ˳ף£ǶоУԼһ־Ȥ
Сֽ߳ȥȥæȥ徲
ŮЦɢˣʧһȺС
ĽǰЦʣʦ㣬ôʦ壿
ʦȥˣûСЦ´һۣѽʦܣ书о
ĽԽʵƽŲ书ģƽ˸ƽмȻһۿ书֮
ĽЦá
ðɣҲСЦһֵСʦã߰ɣǷúԲ
ѩݺݵĽһۣСˣֻʣĽˡ


851 Ǳ
̧ͷ۲Ȫϣָƽ
Ľ΢Ц£һӹûɣ
šף˾˶һЩðɡ
Ľܶ˸ˣ
ÿ춼һˣʦȥˡµ
Ľüͷһ༸ˣ
ţٳˣܵˣʹҲҪЩˣˡµͷƺ޶ԣĵӡ
Ľ֪ʲôܴʹĶҲֳʶ˼ʥʣǲʳ˼̻Ĺӡ
ĽҡͷЦЦʦһҪڣǺγõȥðգħŲֻܱӭǹ𣿡
ͷһģһˣȷʵܲΧǣ仨ˮ
Ľǵ书Σ
ҡҡͷѲҸܲҪһ㡣
ĽŵȻʲô쳣
ʲôĬģ֪ʼˡ
ĽЦ̽һ̽ħŵĵϸ
Ҳȥµ
Ľҡҡͷ㲻ɣ£Ĺȥ֪
ü˵û֪ǵ״Ӻζû֪ǵĵϸһȥ̫Σա
ĽЦҵı㻹ţ
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ĽЦȻİɣ
³Ǻðɣȥأʱ
Ľٵȼ졣
¶˼飬ڡһºˣŤͷȥĽǺЦ§סһʧ
ĽʩչһŲƣֱӻصСԺڣ̧ͷһ㷢죬Ȼ
ĽŵϣЦеĵط˰ɣ

ĽȻΧĵû̫žһЩĽüͷ
Ѿ뿪ķΧ֣ħŶȥħž˭Ҳ˵׼ƾֱãȻǰߡ
·Ѿ죬ۣܱ֮ܿħŵĵǣһֱĵǰû˷
ǲʩչṦֱֻʮߴ·һЩܹʱλ
һһҹһˣĽ书ͷǲĺûᡣ
̽ħŵϳһ˻ȡķǸħŵӣĸһǻȥҲҵõ
ЩħŵӺס֮ɢֿ֮м۽סҪ̽ǵϳǲܵġ
һֻԼѰңڴ룬Ľֱˣ֮Ųɡ
ֱΪҲûãסħŵӴǵϳûһ֪ԺһƬհס
Ľͨȡǵ˼άԲҵϼҵλãֻ֪һߣˮγ羵ɫǳɫģ峿ϴı̿ա
ΪĽħŵ򵥣ʲôطǵļס
ٵţûº֮ͨܲñ룬Ҫı˼ȴ޴֡
Ϊ񣬻ǷʤľĽǺ棬Ҫһǳ
Ϣ֣֮ɨܣһãȻ˼ֵѧ⡣
֪УʱţԽ룬Χַ仯ľԽĸ׳ȻĽоǵľǿʢö࣬һ׳һСϡ
ȻͣĬĬ죬Ҫһϵ£Χһ飬ҵԭΧŨöࡣ
Ľüͷһ£ҪҵԭΪʢ

һɾŷڵķλŨԶʤطĽһֱûҳƲǵйأܾνķˮ֮
ŨŨö࣬ȴˮ֮޹ˣΪΧĵһ޶ƽ̹Ũ֣ܵûʲôɽҲûˮ
˰Σȥֻڵ£صķúһ㣬ҲĴڡ
뵽׿˼Ÿ·
һ˰ڼħŵӣÿһɶֳһһʮˣжʮˡ
ЩħŵӵṦڰ书ǿĽҡҡͷһﻹǽƻ
һɵĵҲϵ֪һһԵǳʱǽһţһˣɻսסѶŵʩţȫٻԮ
ĽûдЩħŵӣݾߣһ룬Щħŵӵľ۵ܼˡ
һԲԽǿԲģԽܼԽԼֱԼߵķλӦû
ƾ֮۱ܿһħŵӣϢȥ߳ٶ֮üͷ
оһλֵĴڣںδȴģΪһ塣
λȻǴﵽһ磬һĸֲͬĽòӣһãѾԼ
Ľüͷ˶ѲɣԼѾħŵϳԲŻ֣ǲȻħίʵ̫£Լûϣ
Ƭ֮Ľƶλ֣ҲΪһ壬ҪԼҲס
ĽƣڵԼˣǺˣ˴˿Է֪λã֪ڡ
Ľӿƶٶȣʩչ˴ŲƣһʧԭأȻ֮⡣
һָоѾʧ˦Ƕ֣򣬻ǲڡ
书ߣдŲû֮ǣҲ뾪ħŵĸǣǰ׷ѹ鷳

ƮƮǰһ㣬ƮֱЩʣģ
üϥһϣ붨һ֮۾ɫء
ҲʩչԼֱʵЩǹվ֮£˼άֱҲ޷óƶ
Խƶǿϳǰ˶ʮֱ֮ȫʧЧûãȻۣ֮ȴԼϹһ㡣
ûо׼ֱ;û۾ǰһƬڣƶħŵϳʵЩа
֮ͣͣҧҧزûĵԼҶ˵ط
ƾŸо뵽ǰֱλǰλǰ
飡һ죬ըһ񻨡
Ľһ漴һ֮۸գûмʲôȴûԽš
ԼǱ¶ˣѲǰǸ֣˸û棬ôᱩ¶
漴һĶͷһľԼǿɱŹǿڻ϶Լĳ֣öźŻԼ
ͷ֮£ûжһϣΪһ壬ﵽ˺һ֮龳
֪У̫ӶգȻִ䵽ߣɽ֮£ڡ
ĽһϣΪһ壬һ㣬֪ΧһжûзӦ
˺һ֮£ʱˮţһת۵ĹѾϣ˿
һȷʵƣûзԼĴڣ֮ûΧˡ
ƮԶԼӦλƮȥ֪У¹֮Ʈ˽
ҹʱ֣ƮɣһƬʣģ壬֣˵ӦòˣôһӰûС
Ӧóֶĸְɣûи֡

̲סЩɣѲԼǴˣֱ׼ȷûлɹֻǲԼǴˣߴ·
ƮƮУϢȻһͣ£֮ۿһߣͯ𩷢ߡ
էȥûʲôΪˣҿһ˵
ĽȴǸ
ǽһĪĴųУֱʧȥãǴǰһ۱ܸоǳ
ʱûֱİæҪȫ˫жϣжϢĸӦŽʮû취ӦҪ
һҩƵĲҩǸҽң鰪Ȼ
ĽһʱȻɫ䣬оǿҵɱ⣬ɵıˣҪԶһЩ
飡ߺȻһ̧֣ƺһըһ׹ֱֱĽ˲һǰ
Ľ͵ĵͷûóȻȥӲӣ飡һ죬һըһŷĩ
ĽüߣȴҩЦе
ԲӣźͰףüĿһǸղ¹ɱ֮ˡ
Ľ˿û˵תߣһԽԽˣζһεʧܡ
ٺ٣Ȼˣô߼ĽˣٺЦҡͷѣɣ
˵һ絽Ľǰһư˹


852 ɽ
ĽûӲӣһΣĲ˹ȥ
ѧԶĲȷʵת֮Уת·תķһ㡣
㲽ûǿϵʱһ
ⲽĪ⣬˷ʤʹ书ʤԼһģҪƽⲽҲ̫ܡ
ΧĻŹ֣͸Ź죬òԭֱʧǱʲôˣߵΪĪ⣬ԼҲŪȻóȻ֣Ҫ̽һ
ĽΣ˵ľȫһţڵνĽ𵤡
ⲢĽ𵤣ǾۣΪӣԽŨһŻӴСγһ㣬ٻΪޡ
һﵽ֮ﵽľ磬ǴﵽĲΣĽѾﵽΡ
߿ȴ͸ʵһҪоȥжϵģоʧ׼ȻѶʵˡ
ߵƷ죬һĳѾĽǰĽܹ֮һٴε˽ǰ
Ľüͷһ£Ʒ֪ΪƷǴΪﵽĲˡ
ߵƷ꣬׷ĽЩֿ֣ƻʵ޿ɱܡ
ĽƷЩҪܿѣ֪һӻ᲻ʲôŹֱ仯һֱء
ɫ࣬ƺû뵽ĽѲ˫۱⣬ĽԽĻһư˲䵽ĽǰϴӴҪĽȥ
Ľ֮ЩԾԾԣ漴˵ײһ𣬷顱졣
ཻ顱֮ȴûֿ·һһĶţԽŶԷ
ĽĿƽʹݵĿߡ
߽źӣ˫۱亮⣬ĽͬѪߣ˿ûǰĴüĿ

ΧĵϿʼֶɳҶƮ˵Χת
ЩҶǻķ񣬿żΪ죬εţһֱȴ޷һ֮ڣֻΧ
ɳһתȥγһУ˹һҪ˵ĹŹ
ȥ˵ֱֱײǱ˴˾һĽһ𣬱˴˹֮
ιɳҶѾסˣԶԽԽɳҶӿмȻ˵¡
Ľüڣǰα㷨ӣ̫Σ˰ɣ
ЦСӣһӣ
Ľһû뵽Ҳأе˼ȷʵΪ񣬵С
Ľ΢Цһ壿ǰγԣ
ߣСӱңһɵĵӣ
ĽЦǰ֪ģ
ʮħŵģһɵĻĸûЦҡͷû뵽СΪѵãϧһɽҪʹӢˣ
ĽЦЦǰħŵĵλӦòͰɣǻ
СӣһɵģЦҡͷһоŷ壬ħʮأ֪ʮذɣ
ĽҡͷСӻǹªš
ҲŸһ֮ˆҡҡͷϷ·ɣȻϧһӢţҲ˲ˣ
Ľ΢΢ЦǰЩд˰ɣҿûȫ
ߣ㾡ȫΣҡͷϷѾ֣ˣ
Ǻǣκ㻹㲻ôСһȻһǺЦĽ
Ľ򶨴ݣ˿ûл֮У֮۴һˣҲһ׷ͯյߣϹЦݡ
߽ĽͥŲ˿ûж֮ףĽȴˣ߿Цеģ˫ȴ䣬ʲôࡣ

ûаգǰ߳
ߵĽ󱳣΢ЦҪҰһѣ
ǰߵͷСӦһɵľӢӣᣬΪҲ󣬿ϧ̫ˣ
Ǻǣ̫Ҫģ±ҪǵˣЦеĵͷĽ棬һԶ
Ľħŵ֮磬һҪһ֣
Ƶʣħֻʽʹ̵ģСһһĵӣ
ųֻ֣վЦеģȴĥ˵ζ
֪Ľκƴ޷ԲҶκ룬
Լֲ֪ʱ֣һˣּ꣬񲻶ǰĸоĥˡ
Ľɫ磬塣
ЦǺǣԭ壬ô˵Ǹŵ޼ɰɣ
Ľ΢Цû뵽ҵŴ
ħעģλʦֶûǳԿͷЦеĵ
ֿһĽ࣬ƣ΢Ц޼ɣ治
Ľ΢Цɱҡ
ŶƣͷЦʣ⻰ô˵ģ
ĽЦǵΪ侪ˣ˿סҡ
ԭкඡͷЦеģȴŭǳû뵽Сһһ£ԼǰһЩٶûסЦ
ԼĿЦŭɱЦݸʢ˫ȴ䣬Ľɨִȥ뿴١
Ľ΢Ц𣿡
ԸСһңЦеĵ
һѾĽؿڣҪ֮ʣĽƺȻһ̧ӭȥ
顱һըףͬʱ˳ȥ

ĽƮˣƮƮײһһϱĽ顱һըƬɢ䡣
һײ֮ʣе˳ȥĽͬʱ³һѪǺЦպͣձص𣬸ǣ
˵һʧ֮⣬һ֮⡣
εɳȥҲײ顱ÿײͣ
ǷҪȥ׷ϣ׷һ֮Ȼķˣɫһۡ
κˣüҡͷЦ
κɵĺ£
ôԹûĵ
κЦ㶯־ˣƫƫҪ԰һ£ϢĻᣬǲȻѾף
˵κ⻰߯صˣô԰ˣҪһսߵ
κЦߣ͵ģΪսСΪ֮Ƕߵö࣬һΪôģǴ̥ʼҲɣ
ʲôɡߵ
κҡҡͷɣ治֮ǧǸǿɵСˣ﷭汻˺
ҡͷİɣѩɲôôģ
ǿˣκҡͷ̾Ϣһ
ߵһۣϢ
ֳĽݲû̫ӣһƽС£ѳ˶˳ͣ
ĽƮߣٶ̶Խǰߣɵļӿ죬ë
ȻֱûãΣյĸо̫ǿңԱܵηһϮǺë
Ľûͣ£ԽƶԼķûҲԽǺ棬֪Щħŵĸǵ̶ֳȡ

ߵΪʦǣܲѷɫԲġ
˷ܣԴӴﵽĲΣǴ޶֣ҪȴǼѣ˶֣ס
ãԼΪµһֻ֣Ҫʤ󺹵ĹʦҫǶµһ֮λ
һֱĿ꣬Ĵﵽˣûǰˣ书ıģҪ׷Ѱ߲ΣŪѧռľ磬ǲܳɳ
֪ΣգȴҪ̽һ̽ħŵʵ߲ΣûȷķҪԼ֪ԼҪﵽ߾磬֮ѡ
ԷƱ㾳磬ԽԽΣգ֮ǣǰµľ飬԰·
ħɲ⣬Ϊɲ⣬һи򣬶Щ־жߣǲǿԼ
ǲԼǿûʲôõĵģǿһţԼʹòʶһҲ洦ԶʤԼ
ȴԼߣȴԽԽľȫΧȫΪһ塣
˺һ֮ĸо࣬࣬ΣյĸоԽǿңǰͻ̾š
ĿоԽԽǿңȴûʲô֣²֮ͣ۴򵽼£ﵽʮﷶΧ
ʮ֮ڣһнϹƣЩط޷صףôߴľһȥѷ֡
ȻһһڣȻһƬϴĴ
ɽȻôһʵЩͻأ죬Ľȴɫ΢䡣
Щħŵ˼ûôһطңԼȻ⵽⡣
ΪѾħţҪִģһ·Ҫӣ֪Ҫٳܴ
ȴ룬ҲûԼƾԼߵ
ħŵϳĵشίʵЩ֣ΧûпᣬֻкԱߵĵ濴ȥ⻬Ʊܶ˲̤

֮۹ƹеĺΧȴûʲôƺԼ龪
ԼĸоԼվһֻȺʱ֮Σ
ΣԺδȴҲĽΪ֮ɨɨȥеĵطɨһ飬һֱûз֡
ĽƲ⣬ȻΧûΨһĿܱڵ£Щڵصףʱ
Ļ˼֣Ϊһ˿һ굽˵£̽ŵµΣգһˣһļ⡣
伫Ͼ治壬Ϊѣ񣬲ʱԲ䡣
һҪά˺һ֮ȴǲˣԳˣľ˳֪Ҫǲܡ
һһ̫УΧĽĸ˴֣߿ɲ죬Ṧһ˸ȥ
Щеı״ȴӽľз֦֮ʢһľܼ
ĽòľƷֲһ̫Ũеľ״Ҳѡ
߶ԣǶ츣أĻһյֵϱգʮֵϱʮ꣬ʮ꣬ȻΪԶʤˡ
ĽŨԴʲôһƬ͸ĺˮ峺
ĽüͷֱӵãɼȫʧȥЧã֪ΣյԴͷƬһŹŹ֣ħŵĸϳʲôأ
̽飬ȴûзʲôԽɭɭëֱˣԽ
ĽȻͣˣЦħŵλǰαزͷ¶βɣ
ЦըװջصһƬƬɡ
ɡɡ
ΧûжĽҡҡͷ΢Ц޼ɣħλǰˣĪǲҳ

޼ɣһƵ̾Ϣ𣬺ϺȻһˣ̤űĺվţߡ
˸˴˲ܿȴ˵ǰĽܸоĿԼϡ
Ľɫ֮һ䣬龪죬ʵû뵽վںϵӾһ꣬ԼͲꡣ
ӵӢݣȴû֮УһͷԱʱ˻
üĿһòһ˫磬纮ǰ㣬ŵĿʵʣƿյĽϡ
ĽԭΪһߣʵû뵽һӣˮƺΪһ塣
ĽȻû̡
ؼӿ죬ƮƮУת۹ӹ⼸·˺ߣȭ΢Цͷԭأ˺ߡ
국Ӻ
ĮҲĮģƺﲻӫģĿĽ޼ɣ˵֡
Ľ΢Цҳݡ
ӺĮĵ˵ѵһţһȻûʧ
Ľ΢΢ЦЦãֵܣħŵϳ
ţħŵĺġӺ
Ľüͷһ΢ЦΪ׽ˣ
ҪȻܽӺҪȴǵĿ顣
飿ĽȻ
һжϣȻ쵽ΣգȴӰûɱԼ˼
ӺΪĪ⣬ǲѷԼ˵ҪʤԼһ֮󣬻ǲԻ
ӺһֱȻһ£ѵһţ칫
ĽЦðдһ¡

ڰͲֹУԽǸĶ֣洦Խ󣬶书Խ档
Ӻȴ˵ʤңȻ֮ʤңûʸض˵
ĽЦЦ
˵Ӻҡͷ֮кôǣ
ĽЦкκôֵֵ֪Ϊ֮ðհǲֵãֱˣҲд衣
Ӻһ£ǰܽúڣԵ
ԵĽüͷһ
Ӻ˵Ҳ޷ܽúȻ֪ܽҲˡ
ĽЦһˣ
򲻹ңӺ
ĽЦЦǵδء
ӺҡҡͷҶ򲻹ûϣ㲻ģ
ĽЦһλˣ
ǣˡӺ
Ľɫ΢۾
Ӻûͨ飬ֻܹԼѧղ
Ľﵽʲô
Ӻ룬֪ɽĴڣ
ĽüͷһЦɽ磿
Ӻ㲻֪
ĽЦʲôɽ磿ڵ磿
Ӻҡҡͷɽһ磬õ磬Ŀ£ոÿܻ꣡
ĽЦЦҡҡͷǰط
ӺɽȷʵǴڵģңǺͨɽڣ
ĽȻ漴ҡͷʧЦ
Ӻ㲻ţ
ĽЦ㲻˵ٻۼɽ磿
Ӻͷʮ֮ǰһֱɽ磡
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Ӻҡҡͷұɽ֮ˣ֮ͯʱܴɽ磬ʮ꣬뿪ɽĹء
ĽЦЦزȥˣ
ȥͨ顣Ӻ
ûͨĽ
Ӻҡͷ׼һԣһһţ˵лͨ顣
ĽЦ󷽣
Ӻһɽ磬棬ڻңһ˽ɽ磬Ҷһݳ͡
ԭˡĽȻĵͷ
Ӻ˵ЩˣǱһȰɣ


853 ׷ɱ
Ľͷ룡
Ӻһӹ棬һµ˰ϣִĽǰƮƮһư
Ľûܣֱƣ˫ײ顱һ죬һ¶顣
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Ľҡҡͷ΢ЦԵɺϵһΪȲֵܿޣɾһöɣ
ʮӺͷƣһ˳ܺɨһ磡
ĽЦֲأֵ֪ΪɾʲôΣ
˵ŻĹٴζһƣ顱ըףΧϷɳʯХ
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ĽȻҡͷɣֵԹʵ˰ɣɽƾֵܵΪҲ㲻ϣ
ӺҡͷǿɽĸƣԶһɱȣ
ĽƾֵܵΪһȫԺ绽꣬αطҪȥɽ磬ʲô֣
ЦһҪ۸İɣ
šӺͷǣﶼҪ۸
ֵΪηҪȥĽЦЦҡͷѲҪˣ
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ΪΣĽЦʣ飡ٶһƣ˺һѾ⻬羵ûʲôɳʯ߿ɷɡ
Ӻǿһ磬㾳磬ϣŨʹƴҲûá
ĽüͷһˣȻô˵Ц˵еɣƴŬҲ޷ͻƣ
ӺͷΪӦоɣ
ĽƬ̣ͷе
ӺҪͻΨ뿪һ磬ﵽɽųɣΪ·𣬲ܽȥ

ĽЦȥܻ֮𣿡
Ӻҡҡͷܣ
Ľһüͷ
ӺһЦбһۣӺɷ־ķڶŮ鳤
ĽɨһܣҡͷЦ˵ǣ޹ң
ӺԣĻ֮£޼ɣҪɽ磿
ĽæҡͷҲȥ
ӺȻЦһ£Įϳ֣˵ͻأ죬Ľ﷢ë
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Ӻ˵Щ֪̫ˣȥܻβƴһѣ
ĽЦҡͷֲϸĽȴԭǲ壬Ҿͷ
Ӻͷֻһ·
Ľҡͷƫһ·Ҫȥǣ
˵Ťߣ죬һĨ⣬˲䵽˰֮⣬ӺЦһһ׷
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Ľ³ԾΪ֮ﵽѧļ£ҪͻƶﵽĲΡ
ΪȴĽһĽٿ죬Ų
ڲʩչŲɱľУ򲻵Ѿʩչ˷ѱʧ

ԭԴŲʮ㣬̴˿Ժ£Ƭ֣ħŵϳ֮ŷ֣֮治У˵пƴŲķš
ڲʩչŲǰ£ʩչһṦУƮƮ͸ȴٶ硣
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ĽƮƮУʱȻһ·۾ܿ˽⣬֮ա
ʱѾˣնӥһ㸩Ľ˫
ĽһŤػһԲתһ򣬱ܿƣͬʱӺĵڶ
˵ĹƶգȴԥĽ׷ᣬĽȽȽƮƣ˵ľ벻ԶûԶҲû
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һ쵽һͣȻһ˦ͣͣХ㺮â
㺮âһĽ壬˶ʱһϲȴ㺮â˿ĴĽ壬˺

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ĽŤͷЦȻλĪµˣ
˵ңңһ㡣
ͣͣͣͣͣХͬʱ𣬼ѷֱ˴ˣĽ֮ĿзСʯ䵽
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һУǳƺεСʯײڽϣβ
һĽ֮ľٴĽǺЦλǲ˰ɣǣ
ٴָ̧֣ǴĻ֣̌ٴָ
λֲֻ֣֣֣֣֣ͣĻָȴӲͣЪ
޾һ㣬һָӿ˿ûпݽ֮񣬷ԽԽʢ
˺Ľݺᣬ˫ȣԽԽ֮Уƣ
Ӻû뵽ĽָǿᣬгţȴԱײֱ飬֧š
Ľָмֹ죬ײ֮󣬲ûֱɢ˽УŽֱ۾ʵʵĻһ㣬ͣĿλȥ
ҪתֵϵĶ㲻̫ֻܻеĻţγһܡ
֪УĽѾԽ׷ᣬȴĽѾʮɣԼаס
ʮǵṦԣһ䣬˲ѣȴ׹һ㣬εŬǱĽָѹţ޷һ
ȴģĽʩչָǶ޷ʩչ̫ãҪߣʱͳ˴׵ĸҪúʰһ

ĽӶָ֮ת߳ʮ֮ǰԶ
Ӻüڻң
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˵ΪߣĽȣľԲ࣬ʹ˶ڣ޷ѹס
ת۹ܳ˶ʮĽҡͷЦÿͣ
ɫһ䣬ºȻʮߣ׷ͯգЦЦԼ
ųһţվ·һֱںһģʱźȻ֡
Ľʱë𣬻оΣա
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Ӻ֪˰ɣһԲЦеҡͷЦΪǴСﳤ󣬸񣬱Сˣ޼ʤһɣ
ǰʱӺԼΪĽ࣬ʮַʮ·׷֪ԼĽһ
ϣ֪ܣɱ
Բü֪ˣ
ӺϣҵԭΪӲģû뵽㼬֣ԸסֻͷλԳˣ

Ȼ䵭ȴֱ̹ܿӽԼĹʧ˵˳û
ԲߵͷظãСӼȻ֪ǵܣȻඣİɣ
ӺЦλϣ
ʮ߻һϺȣ󣡡
Ϻ֮Уʮ߷ڿɢĽֹ
ĽдŲûη壬Ҫǵʲô汾£һˣûǵĵϸʵڲġ
ʮ֮Ľֻһϣһ±ϡҪ࣬صѹֱֱѹϡ
Ľüͷһ壬ɫ£漰˾ΪʮҲżħŹȻС
ӺΪĽʲôвΪûдﵽûﵽûûս֮
ʮߣΪ֮Уһ˿ȻûȫĲΣȴѾСˡ
һתһϺУ˷׷תĽ˳ʱתѩγһɫƥ
Ľγĳ׽۾
۾֮󣬽ⲻҫۣԻ͸Ի֮Ҹй١
֮۸֮£ǵһһɼȻ죬ȴ׽һ̣תļ˺Ȼһͣ漴ָһͣѾĽʵ
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ÿһ۶ôô޷죬ȴ㣬ûȫȱеĽסеĽǳױ֡
ʮתɵľתϻԭ֮ǸΪˣΪӭսֶ衣
ԴӴת޵֣ĽһȴǾǣ±߸תۼ䲻ˣֻһƬӰ


854 
Ľü֮£һ壬ˮһ㣬޷Ͼίʵ֮
ԽԽ죬ɢѹԽԽǿĽףǾɽ¹ѩԽԽԽԽǿ
ƾǿȥԼվǲеģʮ˵Ϊһ壬ԶԶʤ
ԼܹΪ֮ߵĲΣһʮᣬʱ򣬲θҲûʲôˡ
뵽ٳɣϺһͳһ
һУĽĳ׽˶ʮײһһ𣬲ֱͣꡣ
ĽвãһԲ²ѧԶĲҪжȥ
ʮ֮ƽϢ˽ϵΪĲʮߵĽû䵽ϡ
°֪ʲô죬Ȼܵùʮ޷Ľ⣬ίʵ
ĽԶĲоһԽоԽҲЦԶűضֻ֪ײʩչ֮ǰᣬȴ֪ת֮
Զ˶֣ʹ˶֣ҲɱֻͨһȻС
˶ܽײǱӳĽо֮һǲķҲڿռۣ֮ͨ
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ӺüųУĮӷ֪꣬ĽȴҲû뵽̶ȣʮλϵĴս֧֮ôá
״սԴת֮ȫߣԼԹֲʮУ޼ɾȻôãǽʤԼһԶʤԼ
뵽һŻգɽʮ֮ãޱȵĸνȻȴѾħŵһ֣ʹЩҲԲԼ

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ʩչ˴ʩչֻһ˲ѣת۹δ䣬һ֣¶һʵ
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ỪڵһۣߣǹǶǹˣ

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Ľͷ·ͬСɣԭһֱǷħŵ˳ôɽΪ֣ȴͬˡ
Ȼһ磬֮Ϊɽ磬ɷͬСɣĽƣһ˵ıԭ
Ľ»صԼСԺۻָ˫޷Ĳ£ֻ˶Σ˫ϣϥ˹
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ʧȥ˷ĸодĥ
̧ͷǰɽ壬ЦתͷϪʦ֣壿
ǡϪͷ
Ľ´ۣҡҡͷ
ϪǺЦôеʧǲǾӦޱȣΡΡ߶룿
ĽͷԭôΪϾеԪϣλ糬ȻסĵطӦ̫
һɵľŷ壬ʵԸ߰۵ģиаߣ֮мľ
ɽĸ߰˸Եλĸ߰ߣ̷ִȨ棬֮˶ϡȴΪ׿ԶԶѹһͷ֮⣬ݺ硣
λԣӦóԽ壬˾ŷ֮߷壬ڿǡǡ෴
ǰɽ壬ѰСɽͷѣȲɽһ۱ܿɽûиڣûƣɼдеɽ
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ĽҪǰħŲˣһȥɽ磿
ôףϪҡͷЦ

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ϪһͷǺЦ߰ɣ½ϸõȼˣ
Ľ֮۹ƣǰƬɽŮ˵壬ͻƬɽһ
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ղһͭӰĴȱǴߣСǰֵ߱ţɽ£Ȼ˵ɽɣ֮ɼһ㡣
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˰ǰϺͣϷһ˶½һû˵ţ֪
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856 
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֮أһɽȴޱȣ֪ɽ֮⻹ûһ硣
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ţһ˹ú̸һ̸ȡһ¡½ϵͷֵȥɣһ׷ɱ
ǣǵӸǡĽͷȭ֮뿪

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˾ͽ޹ʯͷˮʯһ쳣ʯ谭˵徭һ㡣
ʯͷͷһμҲʯͷ֮⣬ͷһбĶ˷Ӧ
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ã׽ȻɣϾܹ۽ܹʯͷ޷롣
죬Ľ費˼룬һĳʯͷϣܾñŤʲôû˼
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һ˿ʯͷʱǰȴһڣһʧǱʯͷһ㣬аֳһ˿ϣǰٴһڣȻٴʧ
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ǽһ˿˿ʯͷϣҳȡ̫ľһ̫࣬Ἣܣǰڣʹȥ

֪УľѾݽߣǰζǹת״ѾϰˣֱӷʯͷվС
ʱˬ·˯֮峿죬ûϥߵʯͷٴԾι
ĽоԼιСһ㣬֪Сʳж·ݣҪ׽ι
ξݽ֮ĽˣÿΣǶ˲淴
оԼЩţһëҪιʯͷԶš
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Ľҡҡͷ֪Ѿһȥˣ֪æоʯûйţûԷ
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˫ޣͻͽ֮ƽʱĽд裬书·磬Ҫȴס
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ĽΪ֮ԶʤߣʮһЩͷһȴ´࣬Цһһʧ󣬳׽ʣһ̳
һֱ̳֮ӵ߼򣬲ܵĻᣬĽƿսİԽԽԽԽǿһƿգֱӵִĿ꣬һɲǶѡ
ΪԶʤҪܿһǧѡ
ƺһ˼ĽˣĽٴδ̳Ҫͬھ֮ɼһ㡣
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ĽתͷߣЦħʹֶΣʵ˲ݣ
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ǰĽУʮħųʱʼҪ׾ûʩչСŲתεΧûлʩչ
£ʩչʩչͷһμʶĽСŲĿ£⧲ֱ˵ŭ־

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µҲҪģĽԽˡ
ĽҡͷЦһôͣȴôҪ¶ǡ
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ףţá
֪ĽһԵǿʯͷŪò費˼ģҪð
Ҳ棬ȴûô棬ϵúܣôÿһŪذ׷ѹ
ĽִŴǲ⣬ȴ֪ĽֱˣֱʯͷҪ
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ĽһεĵͷǣʦҪչһӣ
Уչذɣ̿æ


857 ɵ
ĽЩħŵļһɱģƫƫ½ﻹû¶ģĽֻ֮࣬۲ĲҪչء
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ļ죬ĽȫУ찵أȫĵ֮תվ
֮˫ޣ˫֣ڣվָٶһЩȴȻûεơ
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ĽŤͷ˴ʱϣżƣʱУ˶ˮʵϵջ
Ц̲סˣ
һֱĽ;ȴûȰֻĬĬ֧֣ĽΪĮģԼģûвġ
µҿȥҲʲôͣһͣ˵˼أǲǣ
ĽЦţ˵
ֱ֪ͨԼûдһĳЩطЩ죬Բûвš
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˵ƮƮ齣ң֮ųȥˣΨĽרעʯͷϣһ΢ٴνڤ롣
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һһΣյö࣬ٶȸ죬ЧҲߡ

Ľܿ콫ȫģǰһ󷢺ڣȻʩչվ붨
վĻָٶ죬Զʤ˫ޣûʮȫʮָ죬ȴҪ֧ţһֻΣ龭ָȴû帺ɣʹá
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ȷʵͷ΢Цʲôģ
񡣡Ľָָͷպˡ

֮Уվȴܴˣ¹ش󣬴Ų޷龭ҪﵽĲβųɣΨľǱݡ
ŮԣǱݲ
ĽŽעʯͷУһΣɱ⣬ħɱġ
ɫ漴һȻ۾һʯͷǹ֣ٴγ
Ҿʯͷкܹһ˿ݣʯͷƺ׽һ֣ҪΪһ֡
Ľ΢۾Ժ˸һƬ⺣ȻԼߵ·û·ȴߴˡ
ʯͷɾҪƽ͵ľɣҪɱǽ⡣
Ľһ»Ȼ¶Цݣ漴ٴɱ⣬ԭˮľ˱ʯͷ֮ʯͷ˸һǹ⸡֣ǵ̽ʯͷһ㡣
Լһյʱ䣬ʯͷϵһǹ֣һǹһ𣬼ʯͷһҹ顣
ĽȻǰһڣٴοݽߣʯϵǹһʧʯͷٴλָԭ״
ĽæйվһԿȻ΢΢һЦҵžˡ
ĽָܿһΣûɱǽȫɽ⣬ʯͷС
ɵľɱľȻͬ췭ظת۹ʯͷ仯ǹâǣʯͷһŹ⣬ʵ塣
ĽֻʯͷԼںһ𣬾Լ֣ʹָͷһʯͷȻ̱Ǳڻˡ
ʯͷ䳤ϸ죬һСʯͷ̫ССС۳ȶ̽˼֣ذײࡣ
ȻС仯ٴڽ⣬һΪΪɵչ⻪һȻɵʧȴǻΪ͸ա
һĿÿһ˿ı仯ȻţĽȴĽɫǺ죬Զڴ

һ֪æǰ˫ƴģע룬תںϳһ壬
֪УµɫҲǺ죬·Ĩһ֬޲ɷƹâŶ
ԼһӹĽµɫָ糣Ҳɿ˫ƣһ㲻Ҫ
ĽҲ۾΢Цǻأ
ҡͷ̫ˡ
ɵպȴȻһӴһ˲ĹĽľҪ龡գ¼磬ǰһֵת龭֪Σա
˵ں֮࣬ܿסˣĽסĳȡ
ɵ¸һ壬ȴҪӴ׳ԼԷļܡ
һ͡齱ߵĹһ¶ϵһ´䣬Ľѹȥ
°һۣģ
ĽЦӣɫǰްɣ
һѾҹɫ֣ǰˣмҹ飬԰ҹࡣ
㻹˵ôأ
ĽǺЦûаæ󹦸ˣ
ȥˣʡ
Ľ§£ƽ̯֣Цһ֣
سһɵתһˮתʽǾƯ
ģȻʡ
ĽЦŵͷΣ
ֽӹɵһࣺأ
ɵĺأʮѣֻȣȷʵ̫ˣʹʯҲûôء
ĽЦŸ˳֣һԣ
һ˦󣬷ɵ͡һƿշɳҪɵ֮ʣȻһתһԲתͷ¡

Ȼȥסɵȴͣǰܹ֣ǰ
ĽЦǺǵĵΣ
ͷԣ⣿
Ľͷ˵ԭΪΣԭǽǿᵽǰ̶ȣǽı
ܳ𣿡ʡ
Ľ룬ҡҡͷɣ㻹
˵ǽıǼ򵥣һЩˡ
ҪѱıɲףûдﵽĲǲɣʹԼչһ£ͻͽԲһסο£
ںڵĳһºȻͷʹ𣿡
һôһͷӼһûܣγӾ
ɡĽҡͷʯͷҲ֪½Ǻδġ
ţķ۱ߣ˼˵ʲô
һӣ̾Һʱܴﵽ㾳磿
ĽЦҹƣֻҪķӦû⣬ѧǿһ֡
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Ľ磺£̫ģһ㲻ǲ֪ĪҴľ
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ѩҡһֱԼĸоɣ겻ԴĽһ𣬿֮٣оԼĻܲԾҪһЩĪ̫̫࣬Զ
дһľܼ٣ٶȣĽһ㣬һѹ
ʣ˼ĽģͣѹȥڴҡһҴ⡣
˳׵龭ֲ֮࣬ƽ칦ѡ

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ĽԱϹŵëȡ£ݵ½ϸǰϣû˵ã
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ĽϣҲɱǣ
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ٿɡ½ҡҡͷ
ĽεĿЦǺðɣϣ֪ǿʯͷӺδҵģ
½ϵôоˡ
áĽͷһǱ֮˵ɽ֮


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ѩɽĽȻѩɽ
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ĽЦҲԣ
ǿһЩҪԽѩɽȴ˵ԹûԽѩɽ½ҡͷ
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Ľ뷨ΪȻħŵļһӺöԽãԽǵôߣΪǡ
ҪʵֻһӡֻаǴˣŻʵʵ¶ˡ
ϼȻҲֻܲܰ뷨

壬ĽԽչ״̬ɵƿսɵʹָ
ʼʱɵɳױʧأ޷գıתֻۣƽķɵһ
˺ɵƿصľ벻ӣɰףһʮףٵף˺ס
׵ľ룬ҪӣȴǧѣһôŬҲ޷ͻơ
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Ľ֮£ֻܷҪǿҪȥѩɽ֮ĦԪ֤
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ǵϰ߿״򲻶ʹѩҲ᳿ᵢ飬겻
ʱۣ֮ɽΣɫһ䣬һʧڴڡ
ڣ̿һŽãɫ
Ľһ̧֣ͷһۣ޼ɣˣ
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̿պһѧղ
Ľüô£

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ĽɫһǲҪɣ
ϱ̿ҡҡͷɫţϱľȥɥȪˣ
ĽͷһҪģ
̿ҡͷ𣿻ǱˣǶּĸ֣ó˾ֻʦǳˣ
½ǻ֣Ľüʡ
̿ҡҡͷ½ʦǻйǣһ֣ȫ濪ս̫࣬ͣ
Ľĵʱˣˣ޿ˣ
ʦǵĵ̿հڰ֣ȥ̽ϱɣοԪˣҪúõ
Ľͷʦǲǵʵ½ǳٳٲ¶ģ
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Ľɱ䣬ˣǵͷΪǺ۸
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Ľһ񣬱ȭʦģ
ҲҪɱ̫ˣ̿͡ճҲ֪һ˵ɣ
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ǹɱԽ࣬ħԽʢ˺߾ʱţǰɱ̫࣬߻ħǶϷ
һ˵ܴﵽǰ㾳磬Ľϣﵽǰ㾳磬ɱһЩò
ȥϱ̿յ
Ľףһʧ٣ȴǳϪԺ̽Ϫ̽Ừڣ뿪ȥ塣

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Ľһ䵽ϱǰߴߴַǳŮһ̨ϷһȺŮˣȻַǳ
ȴǾĵģûһûһ㣬Ľûдۣ֮͵̫ࡣ
ʱΧûأк˯ĽֱµСԺȥ
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ĽãȻģȴû֮Էθˣƾһ¾
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ĽôȥˣҪɱ䣡

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ĽһЦɱ֮׼
ͺɣûİһۣչʲôѧɣ
Ľͷǣɷɵʰǣʦİɣڹؼʦʦðˣ
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Ľһ֣ȻǣԲʦʦǷģ
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һ±ǽ˱һ㣬˫⣺Ǻôĵӣ
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ϲݣһҡͷЦСˣǸ£ǧϧ񣡡


859 ɱ
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С˵һܹǶ£ԣֻеˣԲߺǺЦ
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ĽһָԲߣһָϢȥԲ߼ΪһܿϢһָ漴ƺһͣ㲻Ľһָշ˳ȥһĨһţεסû˷
Ľͷ΢ЦָɵͬʱȻеķɵ˷ʤ
ɵܹΪƿս⣬ܹ˲ִԶӰң÷ɵȥˣֻѷɵ˲ĳԲҪ˿ĳǰһԼײϡ
ԲܹķɵȴϢڰķɵ޳ɵײϡ
ɵ壬˲ƿĻȻĽܹ磬ֱӴߣ
ĽʩΪһ˷ɵֱӱʣɫ䣬һ̰ⱼӣɡ
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ĽһЦ˫ֱַ˦㺮âһ£漴߱Ȼǰ
ֱ͵ڵϻһԶײż

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СӣͷۣЦ绨ҡͷЩ㶼ʰˣ˸ڻ£
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ţðɣԿЦеĴӦ
Ľϲлʦ壡
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ĽͷǺɵЦװŭ֪Լģʹġ
ÿ뵽ҪһƢ
ڰ֣ҲСӶ˵ȥɣһأҪֵ̫ݾͳɣ
Ľæл֮ǣְѵ
ղĸߵͻϮŭˣȻɱԼίʵɶ֮ѾǹߣٲǿӲķħʲôɵóû˹˼ɡ
ĽһУˣṦȥնһ·ħˣòҲٵǵ

ĽֿѩοһȻ壬ֱ϶ȥԶХ
Хǿҵ֮⣬ʱ޹˼ɣνɱģ˱ɱڣʵı
ܹ֮ʮԶĻ޷չǵƿһ㣬Ҫһųɡ
ֵ֮ķΧκη紵ݶ۾ͨħϳһˣ֪֮۲ܣҲޡ
֮⣬ʮ㣬ħŵҪԸԼɲףɱģ˼ɡ
ͣԭصȱţһյʱ䣬֮۱㷢ʮˡ
ʮ֧аƿճɹɫ䣬ת۵ǰƮƮأΧڵС
ʮźۣģûһ˿飬ǿһˡ
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ĽһЦ޼ɣȤұ޼ɣ
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Ӧһ׷װν¼ߣһ׽Ľ΢۾ǣǽת
۽֮壬һʮħųɵĽ֮ǿᣬǾףûлʩչŲ
Ҳʮˣ뿴һʩչǲħųϵĽҪһ취ǡ
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˸ߣ̤ѧԶĲ࣬ʮγɵѹԲв
ھУֻܼĽ⣬濪仯ۣ֮Ͼ粻֮ͬ£ǵĽ仯Ȼÿһװףȥ׾١

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ĽǵĽƱ仯ȥȥÿ˲ʹʮ˽Щһγǧ򻯵ĴʽۻңĿϾӡ
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ĿڱᴩɵǿֱӽըһţĽ󷨣пһٻָ
ķȴǺֺ֮Ψһţıըˣ
˼״ûˣηųɱɭȻ
ĽҡҡͷһﻹǺ£֮²£ѪԣҪͬھ
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ǳ׽У˫ʮָңָָӿ˹ȥ͡ƿǡ
ָܼ֮£ֻлųѹǰ塣

Ľָ֮ҪȴǧѣÿһָӴǼ񣬸ǿᣬǼͷţʹܵסָļҪסӴȴѡ
Ľָ֮£ǲûгͣĺˣĽָѹô
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Ľҡͷһʩչָһɵ˸ÿһ˸ᴩһˡ
ĽָǿᣬѹǴǿֵָѾҪٵֵɵȴġ
ĸ˺޷ıɱָʣµϣǴǼѣϣ
ĽɫģĿǣɱ˾֮⡣
֮ⲢǶǣǶ˵ĴزΪۻ֮һʮ㣬ȴʹԼ㣬ޡ
ƴһеģϲ̺۵˴һ͵ĵԼָ漴αǣǱ
Ľⶸ֣λΪһ̣ٿĵĽǰѸȡ
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̼ǱӦúѳ־ãĽҪȿʵֱӲƴ
ΪԽԽԽԽСˣѹΪԼ޵ж޼ɵ
һҧݺݵĵϷ룬Ҳƴˣ
Լָ漴αǣǰһ޶ⶸһ㣬Ľ˹һҲҧҧԼָ֮ҲǰһĽת

ĽŶ֣ǵĴ̼ǱķΣֶܼã²Ų˵Ľ
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ĽƮһ̣˵Χ֮£ĹۿǵĽյʱ佣ƽ΢
ߣͬʱһζ
Ľҡͷߣˣ
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Ľָ죬ֱǵĽŽڣһΣǲû˹ֵָϮָӿΡ
Ľҡҡͷǻ쿪Լܲһָ壬ǲֵĻǿԼˡ
˸ճʮԶκȻһͣȻֱͦͦĵˣĽһưһ˱ģ΢Ƭ̣תһˣƬ̺ǵˡ
ܿ˵ıģǵķ̽ȻȫãȴҲˣ̼ǱķȻԵĦһ£ʩչʹҲԪˣҪָɲףһǱٶˡ
һʧϵѪڱ飬ȡ
ĽǰַһХ˹Χһνˣܿ챻Ľɱøɾ
˹ٴαɱһöѶգȴһǰ
ĽϿյĺɫ䣬Ц

ɫĻʽ죬ĽûɢһƮš
κڻ֮Ҳû˹ɱĽһˣ֪Ǳǰǵ׻ɶٹԸԼ
ԲˣԾһý֦ϣöɵֻС鶯ӯһ
ʱһת۹ȥˣĽȻһƮվҶˣ΢Ʋ¶Ц
ǿԼȻһʮλϣ
룬վϾţûֱˡ
ʮ·ǶԲֵһᣬǵĽڵ£ΪģγһԲȦ
Ľ΢΢һЦԭʮλǰˣּˣһᣡ
޼ɣôĵӣҳһԲЦ
Ľҡҡͷԭɸ꣬ӣϧλǰ̫̫Сһˣ
㣬ǲ󶯸ɸ꣡Բ
ĽЦ⻰ʵڿЦ˵֮أ˶֪ˣɱҲûá
Բ߳㻹ǽϢȥˣ
ĽЦЦͷҲȥҪɱңҴȥǳҪɱˣҺαǱܣ
úã޼ɣˣԲɫǺ죬
Ľ΢ЦҵҪƣǵû£
˵ղʮ˶ʮָӣָӿ͡ߡ
ǻӽӭĽָڶŽΪܼ
ĽɵָУ⧲Σյֱһ𣬷ɵѾᴩĿڡ
СİĿڵȥ֮ǰ˻档
˸߶ʱ裬ӽһ߳Ľȥһ죬ɵײϳ֮һ£ɵŵ̫ȻƴʹΪһâһһɵûȥģֱӻС
ĽվϣƮƮˣߵ£ϲֻǵţɵȴɡ

ת۹ˣʮ˴δƣз߿޲ðĽ˺ˡ
Ľ˫ӣʮָң㣬ɵûĪ֮ҽţҷ
ĽȻЦһ£ҡҡͷһʧ٣Χһ°߸Ҳͣ½
ȻâһĿڵȥ
㡪˲ȻŭŽȥҪ׷Ľ
ĽһЦ漴ʧһûе֣ȴ·
û뵽һλûл֮ĽȻԭΪʮϣʮþȣȴ룬Ȼˡ
Ƕǰ֮꣬ʮһҲа꣬ƽʱһֱһ𣬽֮ȴ
зŭ֮ɱס壬һ仰Ҳ˵ΨбɱΧ¶Ƚ˼֡
ϺкȻߣü԰ףźۣԭ˸߲ҵ϶ʱסĿⱻϵ
ǻ̧ͷˣһСϣϺô£
٣Сҡҡͷʮﵹˣ
ĽĿƺڿһˡ
޼ɣ
Ľ޼ɼħλǰǱƽദλǰͱˣ䵽أ
֣Сߴ³⼸֣ɭɭĵ˭ɱöϼ
һԼȳڣæ
ǰȴĬȻԶԣûʲôǼʶĽķɵŭ֮£ȴûĽ
ϼǾ壬ʵ񵤣ħΨһöѣǵɽ֮ëϴʤһ
˵ȥʣ飬һҲԶʤˣʹɽУҲΨŴɵľӢӲ


860 õ
ʹͣǷϼҲ壬ӳԪԱߵĲΡ
ϼջ󼫴󣬴ᣬлõˣɽҲǼ֮ο
νǻô꣬öˣȻ֪ʱóϼһΣ֮ȴҲ˲ˣûжͷˣŵðղһѣ
Ľҡҡͷ˫۷Ź⣬ٿ֣ʮָңָʱָ죬С
âһ˻ûܷӦʱѾ˵Ļɵǰȴôɵƿս⣬ר谭ĶĿڡ
˵֮˶һͣη壬𾪣û뵽ĽȻ
˽ų˽αǣǱһȦԹĵָ޹˼ɵĳӶһ׵磬ҫԡ
Ϊʩչ˴̼Ǳط֮󣬸Ǳǣ䲻Ľȴѷɫ
Ľ״һʧϣһѾ󣬾âһ£һƲĴһĿڵˡ
쳤Хŭɶ
Ľһһ󣬳׽͵һֱ̣ӴĿڣҫĽ˿û谭׽ȥơ
ĽŤһ࣬׽һִ̣ؿڣǵĽĽȻȻأԺݣУǵĽƻǳ޷֮
ЩħųϵΪǿ֮ŵֵУκһ˶Ժɨ£ܵС
Ľǰȴ뺢ͯ죬ΪʮһǳܶвĻκһ˶ûв
ؼСŲŲνûƿս⣬γ֮ʣڣǰ

ֻʣһߣȴȻսĽһɢǴһ˿Ц⣬ݲȵԳ׽ִС
׽һ壬漴һĽĶͣһ£ЦŨȻһѪ
ĽëһʧȴѪ֮󣬵桰ۡһƬ죬һƬСӡ
Ľզ಻ѣģǺӵɨ䣬ѪжйŹ֣ĽԹһĿ󷨣ڻ֪ܲȬ
һѪ֮󵹣顱һأȻȻ̴һ˿Цݡ
Ľҡҡͷһ֣׽䵽ϣ鳲Ľһʧԭأѳ˵İΧ
Ѿޱȣ˲γһƬӰӺʮΧһ㡣
֮£вĽ뿪ǵķЧ֮ٺúʰҲʡһ
С˵ϼȴģЩϼһǶĵĵҩһĵҩҪʲô
ңĵҩһ˲ϣǲشЩϼһﲻһˣޱȣвǵļûУȻס
̰һԭʡӣǾˣһһ˸֣ͻƼޣȴ½ǡ
ﲻʱ顱һÿüӲĽըɷĩЩĽǵһ£ΪĩѪ֮ˣʹĽҲûаһܳס
Ǵ̼ǱķżԵıǺεȿµΪǿ޷ȫգȷдĽСŲ类˴ĩˡ
ĽʱҲɵҲӲƴֻʩչСŲʱ䣬ȴǵķʧЧ
ȻӵϼСͣסعɱ壬
ã˳ػΪӰȻʧĽǰȥ˲ѾûС

߹ǣеɱԽŨңƲס޲ðĽ˺ƬܱͷԵѡ
ǵṦκβĽ֪ȥķʧЧʱֻܳΪ׵ĸ
Сһ뵽ҪĽķӣǹ壬ֻҪ壬޼С壬һҪԼ
һٶӲӲĴ򣬾Լ˵Ķ֣һܽС˺Ƭ
Ľ޿κε̾˿һ»ĻԼţԼʹӣҲֻӲͷƤȥ
سһ߸ǰ׽̳λΪӰڼۣо˽ٽ͵Ť̳
Ľཻһ죬Ľֻƴӽϴ罭֮ˮȻӴ󣬼Եֵ
ż̤£鵸жȥһߣȵվסˣ¼һĽӡȻԼаߡ
ĽһߵĽҲǱԼĳ׽ײȻûʧѩ⻪ӣ
˼άһת뵽˾ɽ֮ˣɽĶ粻ͬġ
ͬɽȺһӲ̶Ҳǲͬɽ̶Ȳͬвͬ
бӵ˼֮ٴγλΪӰ˲䵽Ľǰһ㼲̡
óĽƽǵĽȥУֻȡһ̣ΪȫС
һ죬׽ߵıײͬʱˣĽڿУ鵸жȥ
ĲɫǺ죬˫۾â䣬ʵʡ
ĸŤתĽΧУĽһûмˡ
˵鶼űŰ˫Ұ޵۾޲ð˺һ㣬ճ߶ûмŹ
Ľҡͷ뿪Ҳɱ֣Ī飡
СӺôĿǰбЦһҧѱҷŴԣ
Ľҡͷǲλףȥ壬ɱһˣɱħŰˣ

Ļǵƽƽͺͣ䲻ȣǳһС£ȴ͸ɭɭƶʱһ͡
Ľɨһۣط̼Ǳǿ֮˷ҲֻûƼðˣٲ֪ôҲֻƴˣ
ôĿбЦ
Ľ֣쵽ĽǳΪԼǰ¡
Լ£˼һҪɱҲѡ
ĽҡҡͷǲײĲᣡ
Ȼһӡ͡һմεƺǱ٣Χܡ
˵ĸоֱӸоε٣ֱ䵽Ľϣת˲Ľɽ纣ɲ⡣
ĽɫԽƽĿ䣬ûһ˿飬ˣһ±ʱĽǰĽȻͬǻһˣֻͬѡ
ǲɵ⣬޹غһֱܣһ㣬ʹлֿҲƲס־塣
Ľһʧһ󣬳׽ŵ˱ģֵ
˴Ľǿᣬƿս쾪ˣ׽˲俪գĿڡ
һˣ߲ʵŭһ͵ǰһ壬뿪˳׽Ѫ֮ʣŤͷ⡣
Ľһʧٴγһʯĳ˸գĽһ̽һ塣
Щľǿʱôʱԭһƿʱ췭ظı仯綼ͬ紵´صĻζһĳԺ
˵Ķ仺ˣΨһˣԴɱߣýڹһ㡣
ߵٶȴԶԶɣҲûвһ˲̳һ̴У޷ء

ߣ˼״ڵĽһޣâǹǣ߲ѣٹһҲˡ
Ľ鵭ģ֮ʣʩչСŲת˲׷ˣν̳޷֮ĴС
ֱӴһƫȴѨǰĶͷ漴һ
ʱ鲻ԹۣΨǷãЩ˲κһǶͬʦʦǵĲ̡
ýСߵ½󣬴ȡһƿѰһƿȥûװʲôҩ
Ľȴ֪װϼ
ϼı伫󣬼ʣһɽ磬ҲѰ֮Ҫɽ紳ͷҪϼİ
̫ʹħҲΨһöҲħŹУ߶С
ߵɽˣʼãɳΪӢӣΪɱ书Ҫȥģȴһ磬һ书ϣȴѪ
ÿһعɽΪĿ꣬Ҫɽ磬ȴҪǿΪʲô˶ɡ
ңɽ磬ֻΪɣҪͣҪʢʮٽȥˡ
䣬Ӻӣ뽫öϼӺɽʱ£ʣԱŴɣѩޡ
ϧһγȴճȫĽӺûܵõϼ䵽Ľϡ
Ժİ֪˽ɽ֮ڴת̬֮
״̬֮£ǿԭֱͨܶȡ˵ļ䣬ȻƲȫܾõȴҲ㹻ˡ
ϼһȻʧ˴ҪúõϢһˡ
תѾСһЩǱƽ䲻Ӱ죬һУҲΣգΪԼ޵ж⣬޵е书б˴ܵʱ

ص壬Լ̿˵̿ȥ壬Ȼ½ֱӸŹ
ĽԼСԺȻŲ̿յ޼ɣ½ʦˣ
ĽһسСԺ⣬ȭϡ
½´һۣбСӣ˵ʮħŵĴ
Ľͷǣɱʮϡ
Ǻɣ½Щŵʡ
ĽЦЦϿȥöЩˣħѾӦˡ
½üͷȥ
Ľһ£ҪСģˡ
һ½ϰڰ֣ĽڵķλȻתߡ
ĽĿ뿪üͷЩġ
̿Ц޼ɷİɣ
ĽεĵͷԸзħһжٳϣʦ
̿ҡͷ˭Ҳ֪ʦҲ֪
Ľٶ˵һº󣬵ʦһǰиŰɡ
У̿üʡ
ĽЦˣƴɱûд󰭣
Ǻðɡ̿ͷ


861 
ĽһʧԭأʩչСŲ֮۽½ϣ壬һȥĽָķλ
ĸģͬһü԰ףӤһľʱһ㣬һüԻףȥɣһüԺڣˣϸüȴ͸ŲɣܿͣòѾΪȻפ
Ľɣľʲôķŷ֮Уפһﵽһκò̶˥ϣŮûˣŷû˵פķ
оΪȷʵǶģ½ϲһȻķפ֮Ч
󣬺ܿ쵽ǰɱ֮
ǿʮߵʬףһһ쿴ǵʬ֮ɫøӡ
ü԰ףӤҡͷ½ʦ֣µ֣
½ϵ޼ɡ
һ޼ɣ׷ͯյȻЩʬףҡͷ˳Ծ
½ʦ֣ȥʣüЩϼһɲһˣ
ʮȥħųϣǶϵãϾͬһʱĶ֣ûԷƴɱԶΪɳϣЩٶˣ˴˵ΪҲ·
ٿǣȴǵʬףȻΪˣ˼пࡣ
½ЦԾɣ֪Сһ˰ɣ
ǻСҡͷ̾ϢЦ⼸һûзĻᡣ
ҡͷЦңҲ³ģ޼ķɵʵˣ
Ƿɵ߻ʵ
ľһֱûʲô飬˵ɬǺܾò˵ӣվױ˺ԣһ
ţ޼ӦǷɵ½ϵͷ̾˵ĽҲģѧ廨ţΪһСһ˴󺹹ĦԪ̣һЩţ漫󡣡

ߵͷ̾Ϣֲأɵ˲
½ϰڰ֣˵ˣʲô޼ٵҲԸǣ޼һο湦ЩϼһһħԪˣǵĺûᣡ
½ʦ֣ҪħžһսüЩɡ
½̾˿ǰһֱԥ̫࣬һ̣ɻָǰƽͣһԸˣħŸûֹ뷨ȥվҪԴ
üҡͷʦ˼һͻʧأվܻ¼˵
½ϵ޼Щǻʲôԥģ޼ڣкξգ
ҡͷʦ֣ħϳоأǾݻɵģʦħϳħţӦǶϳĸмɵ
ʲôɵģһ׷ͯյҡͷЦ޼ɲǴϳȻӳ
Ǿûְɡҡͷ
ԶĽĻͷһݣȻˣԼΪοʱëеĸоΣֱʧЧ
Ҫ˵ȻһȺ˳˹Լʮˣת䵽½Ǹǰ
ֳͣΣȴʮӣۣɫ䣬˵ϵʬ׺󣬱϶ʱ¶š
ǷޱȵĳǣȻȻϼһϡ
ǡͷһüĿָ½ǣɱǳϣ
½üǰǴ߰ɣȥúðᣬĪҪˣǲɱ
㡭ǡɫǺ죬˫͸Ѫ˿ŭĵ½ˡ
½ϵħͱˣʲôһƣǲ֪ߵغˣ
½ϣ˫ȭ߬ţ򾣬ǵ˻ı̣ʱᱬը
ݱҧ֨֨죬½΢۾

ιȴһＷúãһᱨģ
½Ȼû뵽һ򣬡̡ͷһѵɲʲô˶õ
⣬Լ£ϲҪֲɣʹҲҪƴһѣ˵̹һ
˶ԣҪĻΪĹ书ҲûãΪ˵ǲһأ㲻õ֣ûǷ
½ҡͷҪֻˣĪǼˣɱϳȥ
ûӣЦʮ㡣
½ɫ䣬ڰ֣ת뿪ȴụ̈˵ϳо
Ǻܿ췵壬漴ܿ˵壬Ľȥ½ϣĽѾ壬ȥ
һΣ·ȻֱʧֻܿԼ۾˴Ų
վߣһĺ棬һյ죬ңȴ˿ܸů⡣
ֻźǴβϣͣӿ׹У޲ת˴
ˣΪоĸһԻ񣬹עԼֱ
һλֵģ̽һ̽ʵӶħŵ̬ȣսǺ͡
ǰɱʮϣȴûڣЩһ̫ݣɱǣԼᰲҲѰ·ԹԼ
վںƬ̺ûжûһȴûжΧһƬ
ĽüٿһȻһȻһˣƮƮӺ
¶Ȼ֮ɫĽ

ĽüӺɱģȻ֪ǰﳤȥ׷ɱԼˡ
һеʼٸߣӺɱģԼܸԼħųǲòɱԼ
뵽ˣ˵һʧԭأӺǰһĳòӦʱ䡣
飡һ죬Ӻ˳ȥ
ǻǰӺеֿĿܣϾΪҲĽȴ̫ࡣ
Ľǣһʩչ֮󣬺ͻƿСŲʩչԽӦ֣ƿսҲԽľȫ
СŲڱ֪Ӻʹ˷޷ֵ
󵨣һƸջдŭȣ漴һȻƵƾնײ󱳡


862 
Ľһʧԭء
СŲתģĵ֮仯Ƶӿ֮ʣһʧȥ˴󲿷ֵ
ʹˣԸо类ţײУһ㡣
ҧΪ£ܽԼ˳ģǴûڻ֡
֪оֱҲȴụ̂һ̣ٲɣ֪ԼǶ֡
ʹΪĸ֣һƣԲֵһᣬΪĹר壬ǿ֮ﵽ˽ղĲΣʹҲˡ
һһֻӴԼгɣѾ䵽ϣɱ֡
һ˸һ߹ۿӺնļһѾѪڵϣ֪ưһƣҪǧѡ
һȻˣϣһƵѾ㹻ӺˣʹǴ޽ɹҪҲѡ
Ľ˸ԽԽ죬ڰϮһһƣѾˣٰһƣʹжȥ˴󲿷֣˵ȡС
ǡڴʱĽǰһӺ߳һˣۣһƬȻĽĿһһ˸Ρ
Ľһ±֪ԸԼıǴˣο࣬ӷüб޽ǣ͸Ŀ˱巢
ĽƬ̣ȻתűߵӺҡҡͷת޼ɣ
ĽҲͣ˸ղ׷Լǵһȭڱжȥָƽ
ĽȴҴ⣬һٰһȭԼһܹܵùˡ
ңǺηʥ
ջӺϵĿ⣬ҡҡͷļһ
Ľ֪ӺûпֻǿˣԽԽƴ˲ɵķԲλ֮С
Ľæס֪ǿ¡

תͷɭĿĽϣģ
Ľȭħŵ˰ɣ
ħţһ漴ͷ˵ңǰɡ
Ľ仰֮⣬æǷҵˣ
˷ҿ䣬СӣɱӺǴ´ˣһؿû˱ס㣡ҡҡͷĿ͸֮⡣
ĽȻɱ˵Ƿҿ䣬ѲɣħǷҵģ
ǺǣСӺܻ죬ҡͷ˶Сٴǵ
ĽʹҲͿָԽ򣡡
ҡҡͷһЦˣײʲôϵСӻǹԹգ
Ľæһֹ֣סĶţ
ĵûŶ֣ʲôԣ
ӺʲôˣĽʡ
ĵҵļӣ
ĽüɽķҰɣ
¶һ˿ЦݣСȷʵɼҵķң
Ľɽĵλܸߣ
Ǻǡҡҡͷ˵˵Ҳ޷ܾû˵ˣɽ粻һСҶѣλ߲ͣǶɰɡ
Ľü˵ɽþܿ飬֪ʲô飿
Ĵһۣɽ磿
ĽͷҴӺȥˣûʲôˣ
һ±еĹϣӺǷҵļӣؼӵλͣɱ˵ĻҲû㾡ȫĵز
ңԼûǴĻӺ游ѾԼɱʮ峤һϵһöϼ
Ӻ游Ҳû˿ԼΪӺǿֲҪӺѡ
һĹ뵽ЩЩ˵˷֮뵽ģ֪ɽ粻С

ǺǣǴСӣҡҡͷ¶֮ɫϧô˵طɱ˷ҵˣҪģãѷӺϧϧ
˵գٵĽ˵Ȼһȭ
ĽһʧԭأԭվŵĽ¡顱һըγһԲӣֱϵԼףԼһߣʯ
Ľÿ죬ĵȭҲĽһһȭţĽÿÿڼ䲻ݷ֮ʱܿÿʧԭһԲӣת۹ѾʮԲӡ
ĽСŲѾﵽԲ֮ĻһͣҪһȭ
һʮȭ˿ûг֮񣬷²ĿĽҡͷЦٺ٣Сӵмŵ
ģèϷ󣬲ż׽˳ԣҪϷŪһųɣĽĿҲ͸žӸµζ
Ľһ˸Σһ߹۲ģҪҵ㣬ɵվ㣬ȵͣӿƺһ⵽ҵķ
һɱ֪Ѿûʲôҿԣ֪ķɱɡ
ʹΪˣԶʤԼҪɱԼִܲУҪһᷴġ
˸ֲԼͷۣǨŭ壬ΪҪȴѡ
Ľҡͷѣ֪ˣǿһЩٹ̽ܺùڵǱ
һ˸һ˼⣬˫ȴһֱģҪ㣬һĶá
΢۾һȭһȭͣĵ˿ûΪĽżϷһ㡣
ĽȴоԽԽŨĺ⣬ȻĲɫµɱȴԽԽŨ׼һ
ֹʮȭĽһʧ١
ǰĽα仯һһ֣ʧٳڱ𴦣ȴ֮û֡
ü΢۾ܣκȻһΣʮ⣬͵һȭ
飡һը죬һԼ˺ϱֵĽһը֨֨Уϳأصڵϣ顱ζ

ĽȴȻƾʧˣ֮С
ü޼ɣߣ壡
ƽ͵ýȻȴƴ˿ȥǳˮһ㣬ڵ֡
Ľʩչ˴ŲѾ֮⣬һ£ɫ
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Цһʲô£
ǺǡĵԶƮûʲô£ֻɱӡ
˸Զ˵ȴڶߣ˿Ӱ졣
Ľɱˣħţ
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Ľߵ٣ħŵĵӶ࣬ҵҪ˭ɱ˶࣡
ĵɱħŵӣɱһɵӣȷʵҪ˭ɱ˶࣡
ĽһɫңԽǣңԽǱȻǶһˣ˼ɣħŵûôġ
Ƭ̣˫ֽӡʱһӴϣʩչ˴ƴˡ
ȻһٴγߣʮԶȻˣǾʹʹɣ
Ĵһۣ΢ЦСһƴˣ
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ĺǺЦҡҡͷȭͷһȭӰʵʣײ˰ɫ顱һ𾪡
ĽֻȻӿסһһưһΣһӰֱֱ֣ײȥ
ף¶Ȼɫ
û뵽ﾹȻѧԼһѧһûп
һϡʹԼڵ磬ǲ
һˣһӣҲֲԼһƽָ֣ʵûһĸַϣö֡
Ľһʵʣ࣬νؼһ˳ԼһУҲĸ֡
ϾɱӺ;ʹʣԼҲֻɱ֣ġ
һȭȭӰ֣һȴȭͷһ㣬ʵ죬˸첲ɳȥ
飡Ľֱֱ˳ȥ
ȭͷӰײĽϣɣĽпһѪյʩչжš
Ԧ֣һȻǿҼƾǿľǿжȥ˼֣ơ
ʹˣһҲأڿУֱӴ죬Լ£֮һ
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ֱͦΣһ㣬ʹǿŭҲΡȻֱᶶҲ޷ǡ
Ľһײȴǽ˳ĽʱȻΪһѷĩ

飡Ľٴη˳ȥײһýһѪɫһ±ò԰ס
һȭͷͻأϢ˽ǰȭƲȫͷųĽˣҪܿѾһ£ǲȫıֻܿܿؿڣȴǼһȭ
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Ľʹǽղ֮һȭ۽Ϲ֮
ɫ԰ףȻһȭʤƫƫֱֱΣоҲٶࡣ
棬Զһȭ򲻵Լϣƾ⵽СŲܱܿһȭġ
٣СӵƤ񣡡ĺȻһЦҡͷ⵹ã˼Ȥ
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СӺôĿЦҡҡͷɱңʵڳ˵ΣһӰɣһӱͶ̥磬һɣ
ЦеһȭϢû
Ľȴһʧŵǿý顱һըΪ촷ƮȴĽ
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䵭ƮɢĴ֮Զ
Ľһ֮⣬Ц֮ͣԵ𣡡
СӣӵĻҾ΢Ц
Ľһٴγǰʮ⣬һɽĸ֣Ҵ۽磡
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Ҿһ̰ɣҡҡͷߵĽǰưĽؿڡ
ȻƵģƺȻԵãȴһֱţĽȻѣһ
֪Ľ˵ʲôɱﵣԽԽô̼ҪĽʲôУԲϧգҪһ
ϻûĽԼȴͽͣԼĻ񹦸ܻƵġ
ƶðգ뿴Ľɱﵣȴ룬˸ǰѾĽؿڣĽûж
ЩʧҡҡͷĽİɣ֮һʬͻ壡
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˵Ż˫ش̫أļһҪ¾Ľ
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Ľڵϣƺɢ˼ܣ붯һҲѣŬ˫˲Ļֱ붨
붨ĹƬ֮붨Լһӹ۾ưıĴ
ջƣöɵСɾ£ƺˮƣմһ˿Ѫգһָ¡
Ϊһ£ĦԪϵĵľͣһ£һͣĹķɵĿڣֱӱ
˿ĵʬףЩңɵƿս⣬רԼľǿᣬһıԼˡ
ҡͷЦ֪ԼͱһӣɱģԼĺҲǵͷˡ
ĵʬף仳ѳƿҩһš

Ľ˿ҩûбǩʲ֪ʲô㣬Ȼ鵤ҷá
ǱţȴȤģСȭһŸȭķԼķͬ
Ľףǰʩչıǻȭʲôȭķ̼ͨѨѹȻƳ⡣
Ľ̫ܹΪʵӰǽյѹ⻢ȭȴǽѹȻ
Ļ࣬ȭȴ׵ö࣬ҸӵʵϾԼȿ׵ö࣬Ҳö࣬յ̫ӣȻ
ͬӰȭӰĽӰᱻȭӰƣȻĵΪʤؼĻķͬ
Ľûķʶɵķ˵ûķǰδţʤһ
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üͷ룬ҡҡͷò⣬֪Լ׺񽣵ȭ˲ֹһ˵Ӧò̫ģǽڵ
һãķ֮죬ܽķ׺Уǲ׺񽣵Եǡ
վĵʬһȻһĶͷһʧԭأһһʬףڷŵǰȻԼĳ׽ıĴǡǷɵλá
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ϣ̿ڴĽس֣ЦСڻˣô£ѵˣ
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ĽʦѾƿôҲûãҪͻƣΨȥѩɽ
Ҫˣ̿ε̾˿
ĽѾԲһɵ书ˣûиѧ
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Ľӻͳȭʦϵţɽľѧڷϰɡ
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Ůһһֱ˰ʱֲŻصСԺĽǾϲĽĻĬ
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Ů֮ľٴαǣԼʮ֪֮Ҫòųɡ
ĽһİʩչĹඥ֮ÿһѧһԴȪǿȪۡ
ŮṩԽ飬ľԽǿ
ûʲôϲܲΪǿϲŮˣѾЩΣöԲסˡ
Ů󣬲޺󻼣ʹԼɽ磬ҲǻͨϢٵ
ѾĴ㣬ǲܴѩɽɽ磬ֻеɽ磬ǿʵԿҡ
ԼɱģһŹԼһսҪΨǿ
ɽ´һ۴ѩɽȻһʧããѩɽС
ʱ֣Ȼڴѩɽ£ɫ࣬ɭɭӱѾ͸ˡ
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һ۾âһš
ֶͷããѩɽҡͷ̾Ϣû뵽ѩɽѲվϣԶԼǰס

ԭΪֻҪ˴Ų֮ϣκһɽ߶ƣ֮ܿʮŲҲһʮôյɽ壬±ܷ
Խʱ֪ѩɽ滹ãʩչŲ磬ɽλãȴ޷ʩչŲ
оպסһ㣬ŲʧЧҪȥֻܿ˫ţǰϺֱӰ˶ɱ
ʹΪͣ˼룬ˣûô


ڶ


1 
ܿϢϣָ״̬ȻٴʧʩչŲʵǴѩɽ
Ƭ̹ٴγ֣׵ҪΪ񣬶мֳٻͣʱֹͣ
Ϣ˰ʱһʧٴʵǣûзĴ㡣
˷һֱʮ졣
ִڴˣǵһķ㼫˵Ķӻ£Ϊ죬Զʤڴǰ
ǿᣬɵ۴Сʵʣÿʱܿԭָֻ״С۴СԸйٵΪԣ֮۵ķΧٴ󣬿ɴʮ·ҿøм
ĽѾףԼ֮۲Ǿǿ£ÿ˵ľǿ󶼻еı£һеͨ
ν֮ͨ۵ռ̬ɣֻ˵ͨƿռ䣬ܿʱ䣬֪ȥδ֪Լܴ֮ܲﵽ̶ȡ
ʵǣȫλۣ֮ĿƸ磬⵽͡
ؼǣŲԽԽžʩչҲӣǰʩչʮΣһʩչٴΣԶտɱȡ
ϧĴŲٴҲûãѩɽϿձεţƾĴŲȴƲ
һֻʨӣʹٴͣȴƲӣ޷ȥΨͽ͵
ĽԽҪƿžǿܹоεڣһǽʣޱȣƾγãᱻɵĻ⡣
һֱûоԼĽԹΣʮκɥʧֻ֮η
ĽȴͬÿһֹÿһʧܣܸоԼĽûɥʧģϣԽԽȻǸɾʮ㣬һһεĳҪѩɽִѩɽ֮

ʮȻÿ춼ڱǿȴ޷٣ڲͣĳܾлơ
֪Уһ¹ȥһϵԲ¹ѩɽȥׯ£˲η羴
Ľ㣬ڿʮˣʮʮԲԲӦ죬һѩɽϵ£ʵм
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Ƭ̺ӻͳһƿһõҩͽȻϢϢ
һϢ㵽˰ҹۣ˷·֮Ӣ˲ɷ̧ͷٴο˿죬Ӧʱ
һʧٴʩչŲת۹˰ɽһƬǰƬïѩİɽΧףȴ̵öˣ
ҪƬ֣ȴ޷ֻ۰ͰͿţ֮һε赲һǽγ޷һӽˡ
ѾٴΣǧεĳͽ޹ȴû٣ڲͣĳνʯᶨޱȡ
ԼֱһֱԼֻܳҪŬһԳƣԴӲ١
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һײʮΣǴһ˿ѪգǰʱҲײȴûô񣬷ܲײ
ֱһٽˣҪץסƴײѾ˹עһơ
飡飡飡飡
ѪԽԽ࣬һΣһѪ˳ȥڿεǽ
ĽȻˣٴײȴһʧ١

ĽֻʶǴӺ׸ˮ棬оһ»ָʱʹ糱ˮӿһˣᱻֱӻˣٴλԹȥ
Ľղ񹦣ʹѾɥʧͷԽۣ֮ܿӵ¡
һƾɵӲһžɴһžӣҲɵÿԭɫ
һԺӣϽһƥϽǲ˶ݣ᷿᷿ǳ᷿ǲ񷿡
յգơ
ĽԺûˣȻʶκһСԺİúܣ͸һİζȻͬ
ﲻͬһʱŪ壬ֻһײȻԹȥٲ֪鿴Լ壬·𱻾ʯһ㣬ദۡ
ǽղ֮ʹӴѩɽϹ£Ҳôصˣʵ͸ŹŹ֡
ĸоóˣЩ˼ܸоõİȻȥκһط
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Ȼһɫ΢䣬ڷ˿кβͬеԭȻǿʮֲܾòܾͬİ
˼άת˲뵽ͷͣɽ磬ѩɽ
ɽ磬ҲǴѩɽ֮ڻжϲҪĲ쿴
ڰúܣСԺûˣֻԼһھɴϣĿ͸һɶصζЩ¾ɡ
֮ٴδ򿪣СԺΪԲģɢԲʮǰ֡
ԭһСɽ壬滷ɽΧɽ಻ľдУǸߴ׳ۿ֮¾泩ޱȣⲪԾؿ
ĴܣСԼ˼ңѾһС壬ĸɽѴΧڵУ磬Ϯš
СͷһСӣɽϵˮ۶£һӶС壬С峺ף

ڴӵĶͷһȺһ˵۷׷ףĽ˹ڶʱĴ˹
ĽҡͷЦȴ˵ʲôǵĻһҲϵá
Լ֪Լûѩɽ֮Ϊѩɽ֮ЩԣƾѧϲһҲ
˵ǵɽ磿Ѳɴѩɽɽڣһ㣿
Ȼอ΢ۣȴ˹£εҡҡͷһ̫ܵأû˼ָѣŨס
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һ¸֣ɢ͵ԣʻһɽϣһʵʡ
ĽоɽɢĹâɫ»ԣԴԴϵ䵽ϣˬĸоܡ
Ȼֱ˹о˿£װ״ı۾
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ĽȴܿһڣСӵм̵Ӱӣ㲻ӢŨüۣҲѿ͸һ˿
һ˵һ߽ԺӣϸţСԴں棬һԲ
ϸųͣԺţСȴˣǿӣĽǰ
˿ĽȻ̽ĽĶͷ̽̽ԼĶͷһһƨߡ
֨һһ켸䣬Ľ˵ȴ۾
Сӡڡһվɴ۾Ľ๾һڣĽЦһҡҡͷ
Сӽ˵˼仰Ľ¶ãɫСɵҲ֪ĽԼ˵ˡ
æԺﳳȥ˽

ǵ˴ǰĽ󣬶¶οЦݣȻ๾˵Ľ
ĽҡҡͷҲ˵˼仰ǵĻȻͬ¿졣
ףĽǵĻȻϸԸ˼䣬С뿪ܵ˳һ
ĽֽӹˣȻ㲻ʳʱãʮ㣬Ƕܿȹ⡣
ЦеĴĽȹ࣬ϲЦտСֶܵһĽֺȹ⡣
СҪȥˣȴϸֹסƺ˼䣬СĲ죬ȴûȥࡣ
ĽȭлˣϸĽ֣Ц˵˼仰Ľףȴ֪ͨϸڰοԼ


2 ָ
죬Ľһֱ˹ϢˣۿСׯǶһЩԻũÿϢϢ顣
ܰ׳ʵС̩ⱾӣĽռ֮ס᷿죬Ǽ᷿ȻªװŲľһЩɻļʲ˯ˡ
СׯȻũԻȴ뺷ÿ糿ʱ򣬴׳Ҫ嶫ͷĴȳ
ĽǵĹǴǳǼ򵥵ȭŹûʲôʽֻǼ򵥸ǲ
ĽѧѧԶѷ˺üȼˮƽɢࡣ
Щ书ԸһЧָȴɣǰֻ֪ȡʤѳƾ
Ľûж˵ֻڰĬĬ۲죬ϤΧһУէһİĻ˵࿴
һֱ㲻˹Ϣȥһֱˣûʲôȴ˹
ûϥڳصƣѾأӰЧһϰ߶ѣϥ
İĻȻ⻧˼Ѻãĵû½ģ뱻˿עĿ˽⣬ӲڶⴧĦӲ̫űˡ
һ˼ңũСһˣ׳һһɽԡ
ĽûȷʵĶһӣӴǷŴ屶ɵˡ
ĽԽƶӦӺ˵ɽˣŨ죬һյֵա
ľٴǿתٶȸ죬°빦ʱѾָһ˿
ϧﲻǴѩɽ֮ܿĦԪ֤޷һ¥֪ѧΣǲǶ
ЩҪģ˵ĪȻܹͻƽ磬ԼŮԺ
Ȼȥѩɽ֮ǰŮֱֻڿԼֱǾ׼

峿
СԺڣĽƵĳԺһھھϴЦ˯ÿɺã
ĽЦŵͷͦõģû˯ðɣ
ϣֳϸ˵ѸùǺ˼ִˡ
ϸȴǸɫģˣϱ죬Ȼ˯Ľûۣ֮ΧһһʮȤ
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ǱԼĶڣѩӡıӻʲôֶЧҲĶϵİȫһ÷Ĵڡ
һոֵ֪֣̩мֹ죬ֲ̫
ҡͷЦ̾˿ܼҵǶǷˣû˯ɣ
ĽҡͷЦؼ⡣
Ľ֮лһˣ֪ԼСӱߣԺƥȻǰ˻
ǼûǮ򣬻Լˡ
Ľһ칦ѧĻͨžǿԽľֱӶȡ˵ļ䣬ԲѧϰֱӡԼԺֻһ칦ѣ⻹Ӧصķʽ
Դѹ̱ΪԼľһ㣬ȫߵˡ
Ľ֪֮࣬ͨмּʶһԼڳˣ֪ǸԲҵ
ĽЦνϳɾȻ٣⸻̵ļʶȷʵԼ
ϸȻûĵȻﲻԣһ˸ɳԷίʵѣȴû˵ĽߵĻֻԹû£Һڣôġ
̵Щ˰ɣ
Ľͷöˣлϲ
ǺǣӦõӦõġæ֡

Ľһ۶ϽǵǣЦҳȥ͸͸˳ɡ
òãعæ
ĽЦô˵ҲҵľˣҸúúô˰ɡ
úã⡣Ц
˵ëһ߽ǣһƥǼܸߴ󣬱Ľߴ֣Ƥë˳ǿѱһû֮
Ľ̾
ȷʵƥϧˣˣܴˣֻšĶͷ̾Ϣҡҡͷ
Ľս
һȻʣʲôս
Ľͨһ֪֪Լ˵ˣ粢ûսһ˵΢ЦЩõ
֪ߣȴǶ̫ףֻ֪ߡ
ҡҡͷҲ֪ǰɣҪûˣǿ𣡡Ҫ񾢶Ҫ򲻿ɣҲ᲻򣡡
ȷʵǺϲĽͷ֪̩ϲÿ춼Ҫϴˢһ飬ԼҲӲ飬ƥҪ
ҡͷ̾ÿʲôãֲܸɻСÿԼҲͷǲˣ
ĽЦɵǣҳȥˣ
ֽӹЦȻſǰͷȻĸ̤ż
̼ƥȻĽҡͷѣòֲɵ̾ȻѰ
ʱ򣬴׳ڶͷȳߣһ£ܿ쵽Сӱߵбϡ
б²̲мƥڿŲݣǷ׷̧ͷȻּͷвݡ
Ľȵ˺ӱߺЩˮȻͷвݣĽԱһ£Χķ羰

ҲмֹŹ֣ȴƫƫֲͬζ£Ľһű֪ɢ֮Ч
۾ԼĴ㡣
ʮа˾Ӻ˵ɽ磬ˣ˻䣬񲻻ռ
һ书֪羿ںελãҪúüʶһģСϲȴһֱסš
ûϵͣкܶӿɻҪҵȥ·һ˴ĸֵܽԼ˽Բߡ
ңҪѧ˵ҵԼķ˵ѧӦøΪŨ˵ء
ƥ·ҵԼԭֵĵطȻܲҵؼҵ·
һݣĽߣĶͷͨԼ뷨˹ȥ
˻һתȥСӣʼ£ȻһƬͣĳһȻٵأתͷ
Ľָ֪⴦ȴüͷﲢûʲô磬ѩɽƬ
ָĵطԱȦһԲһԲƣȴûʲôֻ֣εķ
ֱûʲôϵǻؼҵ·ذ׷ѹˣҪؼңҪ;
Ľȴû٣Ϊһ·ͨ磬Ȼܹص
ֻҪҵңҵؼҵ·֮ȥңԼ˽ѧ
ѧԼвһĸ֣ȥڳ˵Ρ
룬ҡͷأһһŻصӱߣҪȥǡ˸̩
һףƣ޺޵ĴĽǰŵǿûζѣȴüͷһ£ʯġ
˻һ̩ŤͷĽʱ˼ͷһ񣺡

Ľ΢Ц⸻̩Ȼ׳ʵһͷܣü̴漸ǸɬСӡ
̩ôˣĽߵǰ΢Цʵ
ȵİͷչȥŸ̩ؿڣƺڰοһ㣬Ľ̾һֲ̩ӣƥȷʵԹˣƺ̩ܿı顣
ûʲô̩ƵĻشһȵźԴˣһ׵¶Цݡ
ĽЦЦǸӣЦ̩ˣ
ʮˣ̩
׶ĽǳҲŹ֪ʲô£ֻòԵİˡ
ĽЦʮˣǴСˣǲǸ˴ˣ
š̩һ£ĽĿһӣȻ޷ѣĵͷ
Ľ¶΢ЦĿȴŶθֱյ˸̩ĵף޷˵ѡ
ĽԿˣ
عҲûù۾Ҵһȭٺ٣̩ߵмֲ
Ľͷûٶ˵Цȥøȼһͺˣûʲô˵ġ
š̩ƵӦˣ̧ͷʣˣôǴӣ
ĽҡͷЦҺˣʲôǵˣ֪ǴΪ
Ҫѽ̩ôȥ
ĽЦٹһӿ˵ָ
ţǸˣõġ̩ЦЦ
Ľʣȥԣɽ޶𣿡
ţ̩ϵЦʧĵһҪСģֵܽģЩ޶׶ģ
Ľͷ֮ͨۿЩޣʨ绢ͷٶѷָ֣ǴԶóȺӣʮһӣŸҽ֣ʮ˱֮Σ

Ľʣ븽жԶ
˵ƥģûԶ
һɡ̩
ĽüͷһôԶ
̩̫ԶˣȥҪ첻ߣܵһٻҹܻȥһ۵ùǺ
ĽЦ´ȥϣһȥɡ
Ĳ𣿡̩ʡ
Ľͷˡ
̩Ľһۣҡҡͷɿӹǣȥϣ·ܲ˵ģģôˣȥһ˻۵Ҫأɵġ
ĽЦ̫С
ѵߣ̩Ȼʡ
ĽһЦԼãѾˡ
ǡ̩ʧҡҡͷ̾Ϣߣģ񡣡
ߣĽüͷһЦǺ𣿡
Ȼ̩ʱ˫۷Ź⣬˷ܵĵһȭܴʯͷοˣޣǸǰסһȭ
ĽЦֻ
٣̩ɴ۾Ҳֻвүߣһ㹻ˣ׼û˸ð̼̣
ĽͷǵҪʶһ
ðֻҪ߶ˣ̩ͷһϧҪȻȥﲻһ򣡡
ĽһۺЦл򣿡
ţȡģɣ̩ʡ
ĽǺЦͷȤģ򡭡
ʵ׵Ҫ̩飬ʵڲö˵ʲô
˵˵ЦЦһŻصң̩׵ӣҲû˵û
ΪСӣǼҳ㷹ʵڲֵһᣬУܴܣʵûӺţ̫ˡ

ڶ峿Ľںӱںӱ߿㣬㵹ԭһʱ̩ųصĲӣĹˣؿۣԭ׵ٴһθأǷͷ
ĽŤͷ´ۣҡҡͷôûûصģ̫˰ɣ
̩һƣͷֱֱǿȥĴֳѪ
Ľϲмǰ򣺡̩һûմű˰ɣ
ûãعŸס˺һٴ򡣡̩޺޵һȭȭͷѪ
ԿˡĽҡҡͷһİЦգҽС
У̩Ťͷ
ĽЦôܽ㣿
书̩ʡ
ĽͷԶһƤë
̩ϲæߣ
Ľҡͷ治ǵˣˣǰֵ˵һ˵
̩æͷȻȻźļǲסʽȴܼǵӡ̫ˡ
Ľһһָ㣬ϸϸһʽôƽ⣬һиôƣֵ̩ʽǳûʲô·ĽȻ©ٳֿƣҪҵ򵥵ķӣ׼סģݸ̩ϰʹġ
Ľ˸̩һʽӣ֮ȴǾһʽȴҲѡ
̩ܿѧˣĽϰĸߣŲˣѧʽܿ졣
̩֮æĴߴҪȥ˴Ż˼ң̩ȲԺͷԲͣ
ĽЦеҡҡͷصԼڣһ鿴һʮ飬˸̩ò׽ġ
̩ûгȥԺĽ̵һʽЩˣеһ˿
һʽ࣬ȴı仯ѧᣬҪȴô򵥵ˣҪʵս

Ľһ־ƿ뿪С壬Ҫһӣʣ˿
Ũ˵ԭҲͬĽȻ˾ԭƽƽͨͨȺﲻעĿ
磬ȴǲɣԭƽòƽһ˵ʽȻ֮ͬԸһۿǳˡ
ĽҪ仯ʣΧΪһ壬˿ܷĵ߳ȥ˽硣
Ȿ־һЩ׵ҪҰʷС˵һĿýζ
ʱ֣Ų𣬸ϸؼˣԸ̩һͨ䣬첻ǴԵӣȥǸɻģȴӰֲܻؼּ
̩ԵģһʽѾ߻ħˣһһȫһʽִš
ԽԽԽͶ룬ͣ
գ˼䣬̩ᣬֻεı죬ԻæԵģϸʼι̺ܿƮСԺŨϢСԺ
Ľҡҡͷ̩ȷʵãô֣ѵ£˵ʶԶʤԼԭ磿
ڶ峿ĽŻںӱߣȥȴŨͣ壬ȴ󷨡
ȻŲ⡱Ĺ̩˳ܵĽǰЦӮˣ
Ļ̌ͷЦǶˣ
ٺ٣Ҳһ٣еļһﶼӮˣڿȫһ̩Ц
ĽЦŵͷȫһϲϲˡ
ȫȻѰˣ̩Ц
ĽҡͷǿԼǻȥɣ
ǣ̩æͷԽĹһǷĵ׵ĹǴǰò
̩֣˸ǣƵĸ̩ĽһߣһЦһǸߣ
ĽЦʲô볣˲ͬĵط𣿡
ܴȭӰ̩
ĽͷһѧȻһСϵֱָܴȭӰԭֿҪֲܴﵽġ


3 
˵һŻһŻؼҡ
⣬⼸ѾĴϸµģҪȥʶһ£Сɽѳʲôʶ
˶ֻ̫и̩һ飬˷Ž䱸һķΪ죬ôôŹ֣ĽҲԹԼҲ㡣
ڶԼ飬ֱˣмֲ̣Ƿ˼һ顣
˵ǶԼо֮ǹԼҪһǵģ̩һй򣬲СϷѣ㲻ʲô
ڶ첻ʱСԺʱ𶯾ȴǸ̩𴲣Ҫһɽԡ
ĽҲһ𴲣̩վԺͷԼװȫװбɷ
̲ĵ죺СӣɽʱСһҪһǰĪͷ
ϸϰһĹҵģװǸ̲ˣԵġ
Ļ̩̌ͷЦ
Ľͷ΢ЦҪɽ
ɽ̩ɷٺЦϲʲô⣬һ׽ԣ
ĽһУɱķܿڴｨΪ죬˵ľ񶼱ˡ
ĽЦŪЩɡ
ϣ̩ڴӦظŪֻ
ĽͷһСġ
ûģİɣ̩ںظʮ㣬Щ죬ţǰһͷˡ
ĽۣȻһüͷ
ôˣ̩æʡ
Ľҡͷ̩һλѪ֣֮ǲȥ˰ɣ
̩һæʣѪ֣֮ʲôѪ֣֮
ŤͷϸҲҡͷĽ
ĽνѪ֣֮ǻѪСˣܱһܣñһܰɡ
ɵģδӣôܲȥأ̩ҡͷ

æС£
Ľ֮ͨȷʵΣգУޣС޴ǲǸ
̵ͷСӣİɣ
̩ͷҡ˹ģɲɣͷһεӣҪǲȥЦˣ
ĽЦЦûж˵
ǰһƴڸ̩ͷߵ㲻װ˵㲡ˣȥһ˵
̩ҡͷʲô˵ģҿɲ
СӣҪ췴ӵĻҲˣǰҪһƣ̩ȴתײԺˡ
һ̶Ŵȡ
̩ѾӰӣŲʧ׷Ժ⼸ͣסתͷεĳĽЦСӣ
ĽЦЦ̵ĽŲܽýһЦصġ
ҡͷ̾ϢСӳӲˣܲˣԸԼСĵ
Ľ죬ʤģ뿪һЩ
̵ͷлˣСĵģСӿŴģҲϸĵط
ĽҡͷЦһ£ԼĻɲеûѾѵá
̵һЩ𣿡
ĽЦѾûдˣȥϿ
Ҫߣʡ
Ľ΢Цͷǰܲһֱ鷳ȥһҵ
һֱʧԾӣԱ˵Լ
ҪСģ̫ƽ̾
ĽЦлģпһġ
ǾͺãǾͺáЦŵͷ

ʱ֣ĽŻںӱߣҪһλȣ۹ûгãҪκòѡ
ÿ춼˫˻ȣָü죬Ũƻָöࡣ
磬ҪȥȻŲһ걼Ľǰȥɣ
ĽüСģôˣ
֪зСģǶͷϷҵĵĸӣûʽ֣зСģ븻̩ĽǼõģĽأһֱæɻòࡣ
СŴȣǺŬĴ̩
𼱣˵̩ôˣĽƽȡ
СıİӰ죬ﶯĻָһЩŭĵ̩Ҫˣȥɣһ棡
Ľͷá
תһԾ˻ϣһģͨ˻һ˳ȥΪһӰʧ
Сĵɴ۾ԾŻĽʧķ֪ƥȵҲܵģ˵ˣ
Ľףʽûת۹˼ңԺվˣļˣټԺӼ
ʱȻóһ·
Ľٲ룬ԺӶֱӽȴߵ᷿̩ľϡ
ϲϸڴߣϲһҧϸſڸ̩صĿޣ˶ϳ
Ľ
̩ɫ԰ֽһţ˯ȥϸصĿиİꡣ
̡ڡ̧ͷ˫һ·ųâݵһץסĽ
Ľͷİɣôﶼȥ̩
úãæĴӦӻ֣ȥȥȥ
һüϸ
Ƕȥ̩ǸˣΣĽ

ĽˮŸ̩ûˣεĺˣ᷿Ժۿ˵֪ϸʲôԻҩôˣѴﶼϳˣ
֮Ϊ߷߲ƽøоίʵ̫ݣΪ̩˭Ҳˡ
Ľָָſڸ̩ؿ޵ϸ̲ͷһϸ㺿ʲôû𣿣
ϸŤͷύᣬ˫ۺףסĽ֣һҪȾ̩
Ľͷģ̩ˣھҪҡ
ģϸæʡ
ĽЦЦǶ֮࣬İɡ
úãһжһѳϸæĵ
Ľͷ˸̩ߣƬ̺󼲵㼸ָʩչ
̩ţûɢȥŨʩչࡣ


4 
ʮָ֮ԭѾĸ̩ۣɻãκعĵ
Ľȶˮ˵ߣ̩һڣһ
Ľ̩ô£ôܵˣ
æĵͷǾǣСӣô£ǲһˣûˣѽǸû£ֻôصˣ
Ľüˣ˴˵İɣǸֱֵʣʲô𣿡
˴˵ģ̶ʱһæʣʲôĪҴļһǣ
̩ʱ¶ı飬ĵ뵽ȥҪĪҴǰһôصˣǴ仨ˮ
̵ͷţǵҲǣСˣĪҴĳһǣԴǵ˭Сӿ˵ҪӰ
̩ϵߣ
ǣ̶ʱɴ۾ſ죬Ծĵôǵү
ǣǣ̩üõĵɴ۾ߵһ̫۸ˣԭֻƫƫˣҪǣ
ӴӴСӣֱһƣڸ̩Ŷϣ޺޵ĵСӣǲ֪ߵغλүǵ𣡣Ϊѧׯڰʽ޵ˣүԣǻ
ĽЦҡҡͷûԼһθ̩ˣûԼҲɱ֮
ν񣬾Ǹ̩ǰԼŵģԼԵģԼϲ̩˶λߣɱ֮
ԼЩߵĵλԶͬߵλΪ磬ԼĶһ㣬߼֡
ƽһԽĺ蹵ƽȻƽ񣬴ɱҲûô
ڴܵĻǿǾӣʶ͢Ҳʹ񹦸Ҳ׵ķû׶֮ء

ȴͬĸ߹ɱһƽ񣬸鷳Ǯˡ
ĽҡͷȷʵߵãΪҲôף츳أû츳ҪɾͣһȻôһ˿ϣȴãúܡ
ʹֻһϣܻϣǶԳΪ߶ܿȣһߣλȫͬƽĲΡ
֮£侫Ũÿ׳ҪһֱʮʱѪʼɿݣûܳΪߵֻܷˣ
ǶǷϣģʵʵũׯڴԣҺڣꡣ
ķϣڸҴƽķίʵһ㣬ҪɹȷʵҪʡ
һƽߣϻд£Ǯ˶ţӦоУջ
̩㲻ף
Сӣʲô׵ģֲûʢܲίǲܲǸ߸ϵ̬ȣ͸˼ַˣɱ֮ûָһơ
̩Щջ𣺡
ҡͷ̾ûĵһҪڣСȻˣûˣСӣӸգôһףСˣ
̩ͷٺٺЦİɣһյģǰͷģ
ûĵʽҿ
ϸѹһֱĿţЩӦû뵽˵ĶӾȻˣţڷӦˣŵöӣ´βҪôƴˣɰ
̩æϸЦǺǵİοǺǣǺǣͷİɣ´
һΣҲһϸŸ̩½ǣɫףδȫȥ
ĽһģɹȥһϢתһ£˲ѹļƽ

ϸתͷĽ֪Ľ֮ѧ漴ȻֲܾȻضأͷ۹⣡
ĽЦõʲô򣿡
ȭ̩˫˷ɫȭȻݣˣ
Ľͷô£
̩ڴԣǡôֻǺȻĳǰֻǣǲԸ⣬ȻǱֱӶ͡
Ľҡͷ̾Ϣֻ֪ǲǣοǿٴˣ
̩ǺöҲģ˵ܲ壬ܹ˵ģǺò״ˣȻܸǣ
ĽҡҡͷҲҲνģ
廹أȻҪһģ̩æ
ϸףԭǴĽģԶӲû鸴ӵúܣ治֪˵ʲôźá
Ľ΢ЦðɣѾûд󰭣Ϊȫɣڰɣ
̩һºˣͷ
ĽЦڱ㲻ڰɣڵĻͳ˲壬ǲҪġ
̩æҺˣһٴ򼸿񣡡
Ľæڰ֣ǺЦزأû󣬳ʲôһģҲҪˡ
ߡ̩һڵֱˣȥĽ
Ľ֣Цؼһúߡ
αؼ߰סЩ£̩еĵѵʲôĵط
Ľҡͷ̩ĸлǿ߲Ϊǣȥһߣܲܲ鵽Լˣ֮£һʲôǣ˴ʵĲ̣
⻰ʮ㣬̶ʱһͣһ¡
Ľ⻰٣ܶô߶Ľмֹ˼Сġ
ƽջŲףĽֵ棬һʲô鷳غߣǴҪꡣ

̿ĽȲһҲǣĽԽ˵鷳ԽΣԽ
̳̾˿ЩΣǿóһסġ
ܲǵĸܣֻΪԼһӶ˴ٴԽΣգһζӾͲˡ
ĽЦлЩӵĿ̩֮ұ㶯뿪
á̼ѵĵͷ
̩󼱣æЩӰɣ
ĽЦûвɢ֮ϯҪߵģǺõģ̩úȡճΪߣ۸
һģ̩ͷһεĶ޲ڱȥƴΪһߡ
ʱԼԼˣ۸ԱĴ
Ľ΢΢ЦЦ뿪ӣ˶뿪ˣԺ۷׷ףĽȷʵ
˵Ľû֮⣬Ϊˣ˵ǻ
Ľǵĵ޿κΣǵ뷨Ҳ޿ɺǣ֮ڷԼһ֣˶ԼѺУ¿û¡
Ĺ򣬸̩ѾȬָǿ˼֣Ľط֮£ǿ˸̩ʣԽΪ洦
Ľֻһ֣֮ٶഫԼѧѧܲͬóȻȥ֮˵ʲô󻼣ʱ򲻵ܰ︻̩鷳
˼Ȼ̩ĽһֱûɿڣķֻǴַԸƽѾ㹻ˣԸߣֻгΪ߲ϣ߶γвʽپҲá
ĽܿһӸǣһ峿뿪Сɽ壬ϣ֣;һЩ춯е˶ͱˣеСɾ£鶯ƻԭȷʵͬмƣС˱仯ѡ
Ľһףбйȷʵͨŵģֻں֪ˣ֮治У󲻵

ģůڵģĽֻһС
˵Сʵ治СһСǣĽ֮۴ϵԼʮӶҲ࣬һЩ϶һϱʮ
мһҵ֣иָӣһ¥߸ֱ˼䡣
Ľ㷱Цɽþˣէ㷱󣬻м׽֮С
ֱӦһ£Свٵĸ֣һĴȷǲ̼ҡ
һȥԶͣס˴һ²̼ҵĵ̣ȴǾӪ㣬Ƥëν԰С
̼һңϵ׸λ򣬹˸ҷż־η
Ľͨһ¥֮ǰ¥ߵһ¥ԼĲ㣬Ρţ߿ɲƣ˲ɵСԱ֮С
ǰʯ񣬿룬ûĻȴʮ㣬Ʊˡ
ʯǰվ󺺣ڶӾŹ⣬ÿ˸ִһ󻷵Ⱥ룬ĽίʵмֱƣǵĴҡ
վڸǰʱĸ´һֱƣȥȴûнȥ˼һЩͷι˵СһϹתƣ
ĽǮģڲ̶̼ԣǸһƽոԲĶ
ĽЦеĿ˿ĸ󺺣ߣ˵ǲ̼ǹͲţݻᣡ
㡭ߣǰĴɫһ䣬ʱ࣬мֳɵĴĽ֪
Ľ̫ᣬ󺺼й˼ɣЩ̫š
ĽһЦһƣʱһӰ˳ȥֱӷɵ˴󺺵Ľǰ顱һ죬żǰשһӡһ㣬ĸһ
שŲӲ״ƣʵȴӲģɼãһ޷שӡһҪϣԽ˴ýϹۣСˡ

Ǵ󺺶ʱЦݣǺǣС۲ʶˣλߴˣʧˣϸү
Ľڰ֣ˡ
ǿ鵭ģȻĴ˼֣Ǹһûһ㡣
ģΪĸȴȫ⣬Ϊе߶ԣһȣʮ㡣
ȷʵ¼󣬸һȣҲֵʵʵˣֻҪʲôûУҲԼĽƽ̫ƽϡ
Ƭ̹һԲնյЦеĳ֣һż㱧ȭǺЦǺǣǺǣ²̺ͼδմ
Ľһۣһɫ£ԲְҲСεģССۣмֿЦ˫۾â书ģʮ㣬Դ
һ˱㲻֪ƲǸЦ滢ЦݣüҼһ˿ɷĽ޼ɣ
ԭ룬룡̺æ롣
Ľףٲߣ̺͵Ŀɿɨһ۵ϵӡЦݸʢ˼֣ʮ㡣
˽¥ȻһԲεĴտһЩ£ޱȡ
̺ǰ·ĽһȻСѾ˲Ľԭࡣ
һˣ¶Ŀǰ뱩¶ݣ÷Ҳġ
书ϵʵ㹻ҶԺˣȥǲ٣֮ǰǵ͵Ϊѡ
ĽյˣȻ̧ͷ̺ͣЦүֿڷԵġ
̺æ֣æǧô˵ɷС϶ˣС϶ӭ֮֮
ĽҲͶ·ŹģԭҪα£ʶһɽ󴨣һøˣû뵽ֲ̲磬үһԺЩ̲ȸү˵һֻһꡣ

̺һһ£Цһꣿ
Ľͷһûĳһ̫ãʧȤζһ֮û⣬»£
̺룬ȻͷһİƣȻˣͲǿһһ꣬С϶
Ľ¶΢ЦͷүȻʹ죡
ҿ˿üͷЦ˵үѾλߣôûţ
Ǻǣλ¥أС϶̺Ц
Ľüͷһ£үҪߣǾڲү߻
Ǻǣزء̺æ֣ЦЩС²ͷλҲǶˡ
Ľҡҡͷ̾ϢһλүңһһĻģѲɵٹˣ
̺ϵЦݽһ£漴ȥЦҪģʲôˡ
ĽüңһδˣүҪӦһ£
˵̺æ
ĽһβүҪˣҪţ
Ǻǣ⡭е̫鷳˰ɣ̺ܳҲǴүԼļӻƱĻǾɵģ̫ˣû뵽Ľ
ĽΪԼĿģҪ˽飬ԲŻҪ˳ҲһߣԼһΪ˽飬Ѱʵǵ·ҲΪ˸һ鷳
ĿŵӲɣ۵˸̩ǣַͨò裬񸴳
ĽЦЦǮ֣Ӧģûʲô鷳ôˣүӦҲܴ
̺æĵҴӦҴӦ
ҡҡͷͷ˼ĵһ̫ίˣ
ĽЦЦʲôί֮Ҳûʲô˵ġ
̺´ϲû뵽Ľ֣ͨԼ⣬ǰĶ˵ˡ

˵Żһ´߹ڲ̺Ͷ˵˼仰Ľȴһȴߴ˵ˣҪһ
̺͵ͷڰ֣´󺺹ȥٳ֮ѸٵɨһĽ
Ľ΢Цүǲλǰҹȥ
̺ЦеĵǺǣ˵ˣҪһǹȥΣ
ĽЦ֮ãҪλǰĸأ
¥㣬˵Ĳ㣬ȴߵһ㣬һȥǿտ䳡ŸеڻߣųߣٶɣλΪһƬӰƽν档
Ľɨһˣһݣһ࣬˾Ǿʮ㣬˫䣬̫Ѩ߹ģǲöһָ֪֣һĸ֡
Ľüͷһ֪һ˵ΪԼҲһˣȷʵΪףֲ㽾ݺᡣ
̺Ľ¥꺺ȴû֮ͣ⣬ڲͣߣٶԽԽ죬Ʈ죬Хƾˡ
Ľ΢΢һЦ֪֮⣬ڳǿᣬǸԼһɫơ
Ľ̺վһԿƬ̣һֱߣ˫ֻȫע
ĽҡҡͷתͷүλǰдһΣ
̺Ц⡭ⲻðɣ
ĽЦдѣûʲôˣи˵ó򣬲дô֪£ǲǣ
̧̺ͷˣλλһ£֪ɷ񣿡
һ䣬ӰһӰȥĽǰ˫΢Ľ
˽Ũüۣһ۾ȴľȻɢɭɭɱ
Ľһ֪ɱĽɫɱˣɱٵˣ֪ж޹ˡ
Ǹ̩ԭһƽ񣬶ǸвȴֱɱˣֶμΪײУƺԡ
֣ĽǺģתͷһ۲̺ͣүһԵʱһʲôʧ֣үְɣ

̺һæЦдѣﲻ̫棬㵽Ϊֹ㵽Ϊֹ
ߣϲ̣ӺδѰôһСӣδɣȴСЦһҡҡͷĿżֲм
̺Ц޼ԸСǡ
ĽЦǰΪ˴һһĻе֮ǰҪ֣
٣⻰˵ģ㵹˵ˣЦҡͷ
һ˵ˣƤӹ򣬻ֵ¼°ɣ
˺ͷԣֵ¼£СһҴ򣬻϶δأ
Ľ͸ǰһְɣ
ãЦеĵͷִǲصģһ㣬ĪҪۣ
ĽЦЦ˴˱˴ˣ
ɫһ͵һȭֱֱһȭӰֱֱ֣ײĽ֮
Ľ΢Ц֮ƮƮһȭӭϣֳһȭͷӰӣȻȭӰڿײ顱һ죬棬
ףնεȻתͷ̺̺ͣͺٺЦЦЩ˼ȴ⣬û뵽޼ɾ㱾£ƽء
ãȻмֱ£˵󻰵ģպЦһָһȭһεƸʢȭͷӰӸʵ
ĽȻֱֱһȭպˣ顱ٴһ죬ƽһըף˸һ
ĽȻ鴫ٽһȭ
̤ǰһ͵һȭһεȭӰǰ࣬պεӲһȭ飡˺ˡ
Сӣһȭպ겻ĽӦȹһȭĽҲܣӲסˡ
顭಻һһףѪĿһһµ

һʮȭĽԽԽ˫ȣâ䣬պǡǡ෴ʮȭЩߣÿһȭȴվ޵ģȥ¥գҲӲʱĽģһȭһȭĵ
պȻȴʲʢһƲԼļһȻҪúýѵѵҪȻˣûԼ֮ء
ĽһȭһȭӲһȭһȭת۹ʮȭȥ꺺ԣԽԽˣʼʱһȭֻҪ˳߲ȫ
ĽǴЦ¶̵Цݣǰң
պҧ֪ڷԼأСʵڿɶ֮ɱйߡ
ʱɱ⣬˫ɭȻնƳĿ⣬°вǰһɲһƽգһһ޼ɿߣôʵȻһߣǲɱģһʦʦţ
Ǻ߻ãûʲôǰ߿Ҫ⣬һɱˣ鷳ʵڵòʧ
պεѾĽ̼ʧȥǣȭͷཻ֮ʣֺȻһ˦Ľȭͷײ
飡һ죬ըףֻ̺Ѫӿǰһ󷢺ڡ
Ľֱʱãһ˦Աһȭ䣬ܹ˺⣬Ȼֻһӹߣɭɭⰵʽȴһɵ


5 
ɵٶȼ죬һ˲Ľ˼ά죬УһɵϣתΪһ⡣
ٺ٣ҡͷЦ֮һ˦֣ĵһ⻯Ϊһᴩպ˺
ĽӣȻһжڵʯ֮䣬ݲ˷ӦɵѾᴩ˺
˳ȥڿһѪ顱һأƺһ¡
նŵĿһУ漴һ֣
䵽պߣæּ㣬ҪֹסѪҪȻһ
ĽҡҡͷԼղһȭǰ죬ʵһʤһպεһȭҪɲס
ĸţ岻Ʋ磬ǰĻҪź˶˹⣬ʱȴģֻǳԿ壬Ȼ˷ɵ
˿ǷӦû뵽ɵȥûܷӦȴ֪е顣
ǽɵĻνڼģɵϣպεԶҵŰһ˺ֹסѪˣΪԶʤġ
æ˰ΣȴȲͬ˫մѪվɭȻĽ
ĽԲסˣûס֣
ٺ٣һûס֣ҿ㴿ǹģЦ˫ۺâ˸
Ľһǹģ
㡪û뵽ôģĳˡ
̺Ҳɫ΢䣬ҡͷ̾ϢĽһûһߣ̵ʵʵǡ
ʵڲ֪˵ʲôãΪĽʵ㿴ȴԼһԸһɽݶ
ĽҪɱңҿɲִеˣǶǰ㣬ô죿
һͣɫǺ졣
߽𣬱ҪɱԼȻҪɱȥ

Լͬ飬ȴֲô˵ˣֻЦɱ㣬һˣ
ĽҡͷЦЦǰ⻰СҲţҸղһѾжͷˣ
Сӣ֪ʲôˣĿ
ĽüͷһѲɻʲô
Ǻμҵĵ׵ӣһɱ˺֣СҲǲˣ
μңĽü̺͡
̺ɫ࣬̾˿ⶼԹûһǶɽμҵĵ׵ӣ⡭
Ľüɽμңô˵Ҹүǻˣ
֪ɽμʲô·ǵı֪һʲôССɣС
̺ͿЦҵǲ£㡭μạ̊́ưոݵģ
μҶѣкξգĽתͷ꣬ǰдһΣ
æ֣Ҳ֣
һ֮ˣαؽʲô£Լֻ֣ԹˣοıȷʵԼӦõв
ĽҲ֪˼תͷү᲻˲̼̣
̺æҡͷҵǲ£μһǽģ㡭
ĽЦЦˣȺμңʲôֶΣ
̺̾ҡҡͷǸռ棬ȴһʣ⻰ԭ˵ġ
ĽЦүֱ޷
̺̾ҿǱһܰɣμƴ󰡣
ƹ񣬼Ȼ˼η壬α˼ϹģҿǲײĲᣡ
ĽЦЦүסΣ
̺Ͷһ½ţЩˣôͲȰأμʵۺ񣬾һֿܵҲ˵ģ˵μʦôܺù˼ңӺɷ죬αسǰ

Ľҡͷүһ֮μҶҪǨŭڲ̵̼ģǣˣ߲١
㡭̺¶Цҡͷһˣ߾ඣ
ĽЦЦʼʱǻУҵĻᣬұûУı»ǲȱģ
˵ʲôأ̺ҡͷѣû˵ʲôתӷϴ
Ľһ˶¥̺ͷԸ֣Ѻ磬Ȼȥμ˵һ
̺ԴĽ¥¥ͷһСԺǸĽס
СԺ󣬵£λڽ룬֣ʵڲһܹסġ
ҪòһԺűĴ֣ȺԴǷ㡣
̺ЦеĽǷ⣬ҪҪٻһ䣬ͷһլӣһЩûλúãЩƧ
ĽĵͷЦˣܲĵط
̺ʹӻͳһȴԺڶӹţһһĽҿ֮ȴһؾƳɵ飬Լаƺ
ĪҪŵϣЦеĵ
Ľüͷһùɷ֣ȭƺֽ
ǺǡĽЦַ˷Ȼϣƻز̺ǰлүν޹»
̺æ壬ϲʵΪ°ɣ
ĽҡҡͷЦӦõģүؿҪϢһ£ͲԶ
̺ͳһ£εջţ̾ǡհգȸúЪϢ
ĽйĿ֮ܣһ۵ĹѾӡԺ¡
Բ̺ûбֻ͸˽磬ⶫһˣ̺ͱû飬Ƿ鲻ͬЩϸ֦ĩڣģա

ĽϥϣϸղĿȭ۸ȷʵʤȭһҲԶʤ
ȭһȭȥȭӰȭȴͬһӰФ̶ȾΪߵͣӰûãҪܸʤ
ĽԾ棬Ϊȭɲã漰˾ãԶǻȭɱȣʤԼһǾεĲ
ü֪ȭڴѧϵУһΣ뻢ȭأվڶˣǶ˵ĻǴѧίʵԼԶ
ʼרע书ʼ˵书ѣȴס
˹·ߺܼ򵥣һӣ練ƣܿѧᣬ˵ȭкѣһ˹ͬʱҪԺȻ󽫴һҪһĶõı£ǿᣬھ̣һĶãܿķ£רŸһ㡣
ԺýãȻںϣٽſķתȭֱ۾ȥγһӰײ϶ǽڣ顱һǽڻ˻Σһ˿ҳƮ
ĽЦЦȷʵСֱ۾ۣȭ̫ˣӿŭΣˮСӣЩˡ
ĽһٴһȭһȭӰԼһ״Ҫײ϶ǽ֮ʣȻһ䵽ϣ顱һ죬һ£һûʲôۼ
Ľ¶΢Цȭİ¶ȴܹԦȭȭ֮ܲ硣
ǿᣬȴѾܲ磬ȻȭûңȭĿѾǼԦġ
Ҫԭ磬νˣÿÿΪܿȭи֮ʣȭȻͷٴι˷ʤֻӲӣΪԼģƾʤԼ
ȭҲ˵ˣ磬ƴĻΪʽľˣȭʽپҲûá
ѧȷʵԭ粻ͬԼҪıҪϵͳѧϰ
ϧûлᣬûǰһŴɣݾԶʤԼ˳ɾͣߵıһ·

峿ʱ֣ĽСԺȭѾžʩչȭԼӰӡ
ȭУһƪǹģͼı죬ʵû˭Ҳ˵
ҪȭǾǿᣬҪǿܹ뵽ʵģԺӰЧһƣѣȭУȴףѶԶ롣
֪ҪҪһһĴ֮裬һ֮£ļ
ѾȻŲһͣԺ⣬
ĽһУεţһݵСվ棬ľ䡣
ү֪ͨһˡ
Ľüͷһ£Цŵͷ֪ˣȥɡ
ǡСͷתߡ
ĽվԺ룬μҿﲻԶţôˣһĹѡ
ۣ֮ϧЩ¥У֮ۿ͸ֱӦһ£ûо쵽ΣգǵΪߣвԼ
ƶ뿪μҵո棬˵Ҳһμҵĸס
˼֮ʣŲٴ𣬳ˣһն꣬Ľ֪֡θˡ
һ£էĽԺŶվԺУһ£һâΪ⡣
Ϊ̺Ѿ֪ͨĽʱĽѾˣǰͷźμҵ˹߸ƶѡ
޼ɾȻˣѲɲ̺û֪ͨθ°⣬ɫĵֵܣ
ĽһȭŶθˣǾǺμҵģ
˽ǻ꣬ɫĮưĿ·𺮱ûһ˿飬ǿһĽ

һԲ޼ɡɱ˺ʮܣ
Ľͷдʧ֡
дʧ֣٣һʧ֣ԲЦҡͷΪô˵ǻݣ
ĽЦһ£ǣǣ؆
ãǸʹģϾţʰգԲһİƣתͷһ׳ꡣ
׳һʯգӷޱĵĽһ죺߸ģ
ǰ̤һһأʱĽŶƾˡ
Ľüͷû뵽Ϊصƽĺ棬ֹʱһƼ
ȭ׳֮͵һǰȭӰͬʱĽһˣȴǧ֮һ־Щģս
Ľ²ȭǰһһʵʵȭӰӭ˰׳꣬顱һ죬Ľȵվţ׳ȴĲɫ졣
ԾĵĽû뵽Ľ֮ǿᡣ
ĽҡͷǲһϰգμҲˣ
仰ǽۣɫһǰ˵ԲЦôĿǾͳȫ㣬һϣ
ǰ˺İ׳겢ŶȻ̤ǰȭһĵȭӰͬʱĽ
ĽЦһȭһ£ĵȭӰײ
˻ȭûţһȭһΣ˵ȭӰڿ㣬ʱһСɵȭӰʵȭͷ


6 
ĽüûȭӭȥһȭӰӭСɾµȭӰʱ࣡һ죬Сʯ
ȭӰСɾµȭӰײˮײʯͷһɢΪ磬СȭӰ䵭һЩ򲻱Ľ
˵ʵһзļ죬˲ѣȭӰĽǰС
Ľһڼ䲻ݷ֮ʱܿȭӰӿܵˣ°û뵽ǻ
ձܿһȭһȭӰҲˣ˵ȭӰϣҪĬϲ˿һȭ档
ȭӰ֮ʱǻƵģһϣȴ٣Ϊһ⣬˲ײĽ
ĽСŲŲʱȴ˿ûôһȭΪ棬Īһʱ죬Ȼһӡ
һѧͬԭ磬ǵõ˿ȭ֮󣬷֮û뵽Լô˾ѧ
˵ȭžȻ΢˺һȴЩһʱĽľ
ƽʱһĽǿľ˵أϵȭŵľȻǿȴΪ죬ǰľͬ
ûһƿʩչСŲѾҲȳ
飡һ죬˳ȥʵʵһȭʱѪĵһţ᲻
˳Ʒ˳ȥڰжȥѾʧȥƣ㡣
飡һۣײǽڣֱӰǽײһĳסΡ
˽ղ֮Ѫ볣Ȼ죬ӲǳȻײǽһȴΣ
ʧȥƣǿᣬ˼άת˲ʮͷӿ֣һһųʱõĲСŲǱ书õĻǴŲĵֻþɲݵĵ
סأȻɴ۾ϵЦ̡

Ľһʮ֮⣬һѾһɽɽ࣬һɽдУïܣҵѡ
ĵʵߵãʹ£Ҳ¹ٸ׷ֻɽһ꣬ǱҲˡ
飡һòϣѹ˼֦׹ϣۡ³һѪɫήҡ
õǺĿҶһȻˤأֻ˸ֻ࣬Ҫúõûд󰭣㲻ʲô֢
˹ԣҡͷЦͽ޹ǵȭΪŹ֣ԼȻ޷ǣһңҴҧͣƻԼ塣
ǿޱȣղ񹦲ǰģҲǳǿᣬûƶ񻯡
ҪǣҪģúõ취鴧Ħݴţɵȴǽ첻Ӧеصزģһи޹Ҫ
ôţȻֱһæ֮Ӱʱп಻ƴַҹ꣬У˼ֻ۶
ͷһۿݲϵѪӦѪ֮еĻЩҰ޵֮һ򣬸ԶǱŵ
ȶҰޣض֪ʲô࣬ҪģµԼһʳ
룬һΣҪʩչŲȴ룬һʩչȴȻԭشš
üͷһ£òˣæٴʩչһһΣڴѩɽ
еùȻǱסգѲɣͨԼڣ
̧ͷһܣдеĴգȫס⣬Щÿһö˻֣˿ûĺʢѷС
ԭ磬ѴǱ˥ϣഺ֮мѿ
漴ҡͷͨԼ֮ڴѩɽĸоһѲɣʲôֶΣ棿
ʱ䲻룬Ψ֮ƣȱס˵Լзɵ֡

ƶȼֻ޴ҰٽɵٿĴƿնȥƹï֣ܵϴʮͷҰޡ
漴ֿͷһͱˣպȻһȺ˶ӥŵʮͷҰߡ
ʮֻʮͷҰΪʳļ£㽫ʮͷҰ޳ԵһɶǼ죬צӣ˲Ծ
µǣǳʮͷҰ֮ȻȴǷߣĽ
һ޿ѡֻԦɵ⣬ɵʮͷȺɲʮֻʮֻʱţһȺɹĽȻᵽĽѪ
Ľ֮£ΨмԦɵתɱ˶ʮͷ񣬽һȺɾҪһȺʱǰһ󷢺ڣĸоӿͷ޷ֹʴľ
°û뵽ԼƾԼľǿᣬϲ׿ݽ߾ȻйŹ֡
ҧҧܾ񣬽һ˿ջطɵ·ɻԼϣǰһ󷢺ڣϱҪʹȥ
֪ԼһιȥҲûлѹˣΪЩĸͣʵ̫ԩزӦ롣
֮£ʩչһ󷨣ϧǲѪɾνľ
ǷˣΪתҲҪûоãѪ
Цҡҡͷ廹ǲԼƣֻܹԹԵĵˣɵᶯףһԼ㽫Թȥ򲻵ѣһ
ȺӴ󣬵ٶȷɿ죬ת۹ĽϿգȦȴû³壬ڹ۲Ľ
Ľ֮Ѿϣά֣⴦طʵڹŹ֣ƾʲôı
ܵõǽԼľĪĺôȴ˲ⱦˣȱס˵
ȺúܣƺĽǻˣڵǳԹġ
ĽյӣĿ⾼ɱȻ񲻼ʹɱҲ
Ⱥĸо񣬸ӦĽɱ⣬һֱǲȻһ塣

ĽתҪĹָĿƣһܿ壬ʰЩСһ
ϧĵǳĵľ
ĽҡͷʵڲСӢۣңоģһСľͻ﷭ԼһһͷŪõĻ
̾Ϣһ̧ͷűգձԭո峺顣
ϧԼҪ磬ǵ˶ûУϲԼЩŮǺǣǻ᲻ʹޣѩǿ˹ܿվרҲ㹻ǿ÷ѩǼܲܳŵס
̾ϢڵصĹŹ࣬ԼԽԽãԼݺһ֮УһЦ
ǡʱ䶯һ£ʱ¶ϲɫסˣҲݽߣٵڣԶĽŲ˵й˻ϣ
Цһ£زǿҵ֣̫ΪԼˡ
룬ǻôĹһǵĺ档
Ƭ̹¾װƮŲ΢ʾһ׵ΪĽǰùͱһ¡
Ľ̾Ϣһûء
ףȻţһԲȻЦҡҡͷʲôˣɽ
Ľ޼ɣˣԺĽˣҲ֪ɽ
ɽμԳֹ˽ģ㴳
Բ޼ɣʲôˣ
Ľҵ˺μң׷ɱ˼ȭ

ԲüμңǶɽμң
Ľͷ˵μƴ鷳ǲΪ
Ǻǣǹ⼤ǵİɣЦο࣬ԲݽȻͬɢһʵıԲȫ޷â
վһȴ͸ĪĺгͻأС
ĽЦǽ֮ˣοˣЩۣ
ԲüСףǾ˰ɣ
ĵʹСɣ
Բ¶ЦݣСźμңҪҲأ
ʹС㣬С㶨ᣡش𣬺תأĿɭɭĵĽ
СףѽԲҡͷڰ֣ȥɣҵ
׼ǰ֣
ӦˣԲε
һʧԭأֻʣԲ꣬ҡͷֵܣ漰μң治԰ܴģֵǲˣǻȫСˣ
Ľƶһ£ã£Բ꣬΢ЦСӦܾҰɣ
Բһ£¶ЦȫСˣСã㣬Īĺô֮Сû顭
ҡҡͷû˵Ľȴ֪˴𰸣λСλϲŭ޳ԲԼȫƾһ֮䣬˭Ҳ˵׼
ֱ˾ĸоŭǳʹԼ޲ʩչƴըҲҪԼԼס
Բ΢Цֵε˺μң
Ľ̾ȷʵˣдʱʧɱһλպεģϾкμΧɱҽҲӵ
ȷʵң˵˽ġԲͷЦ˵˵ֵ㾿ôģ
ĽҡҡͷЦ治֪Ժģʲôһ»Թȥ󣬾ˣһЩĪġ
ԭԲЦŵͷ˫ȴ΢ţĽӣ뿴͸һһ
˵Ĺ򣬷֣ϵģС޼ɣõׯˡ

Բ꾫һæתͷЦֵܣþ
˵մӻͳһֻСƿӨӨģһ֪Ϻõƺˮת
ƿƿһһöӲӵĵ裬Լ۴Сƺн˸
͵Ľߣֵܣ굤صֻҪҲѣ
ĽЦһ£лˣ
ſ˽𵤣ԭΪôһŵ裬Ҫ»ѣû뵽ôĽ𵤣Ȼ켴ź䵽ʱ磬ڵϿۣγһö𵤴Сš
𵤴Сƣɫ죬״һ޶һС򣬴ӵȻմζʼת
ӵ䣬ףβ̣ϼм͸ٻ䵽üģʱһ񣬻ָ


7 Ʒ
תԭ޹ٴ˹⻪ɾ䶯תţָš
ԭΪ̫񣬾ȫݽߣȫɺԣֹͣתҪ˥ң˾֮Դ
ľ磬ԴԴϵתΪȻתٶȺȴݿݽߣң˾֮Դ
Ľʱ¶Цݣ۾һ˿ǣܶˣԱı¡
ɺһЩˣԲЦʡ
ĽЦŵͷȻҩöˣСǱסˣ
ԲЦ굤μӵܱر֮ҩЧߣǻɽׯ
תԷСױѽӣֵ̧ܻȥ
αô鷳ұǣ
˰ɣԲһۣĽЦֵܲܶɣһһЩ
ĽҲûЦ͡
Բ궯ᣬϣУڱϸоֿȡ
ӭĽЦûλ̨Ĵ
ԲЦϷɣ԰ףǶμҵӡ
Ľ岻ֻܶܵͷһᣬлˣ
ϷЦֵܣҪллС㣬Сȵģǿûʲôͣ
԰
ĽЦ˵ˣλ̨ң类̽ˣ
ϷЦǺǣС㷢ġ
һ˵һ߸·ⱼַɳŵˣܿɽǰƽ̹Ĳݵأ͸Ų
ĽԼʮǰһƬټĽȺʮլԺҲһլԺܵĴլԺס
мĴլԺǰһŴ֦ʹȶ˵Ů֫ĽС
ԼƴȴִͬľǶǣ촦һŴȴȫͬ

Ϸ԰׾һ֮ͣʩչṦǵǰߣܿ쵽ĴլԺǰ
ĽܸоõиǱڵ£һЩߵĴլԺڣûˣȴ䱸ɭϡ
ԺųձڣձǷͼӿ
ϺںҶдšμׯ֣ԼĽһ֪Ůֱʡ
һźȻˣī̾װŹ⣬ȴӢ꣬˫۾â˸Ϊס
ϴ磬СףôôСأ߸æʡ
ϷЦСһˣ˻ǰðá
Ŷʲôˣ߸Ȼ˿ЦΪզѽ
ĽԲ㣬뾫Ϸ԰ȣ޻Աߵʯͷһ֪Ϊޡ
ϷЦλֵ붫ɽμг𡣡
ԭˣ߸ЦŵͷĽһֵۣܻǺ
ɲϷЦߣҲ̫ܵãȰֵܰú˵
ȥȥɡ߸ڰ֡
Ľһֱ΢΢ЦһԲǵӲܶĽ֮ģʯľ
Щ˵ΪѷԼһĽȴĪ𺶣ԭԼȷʵǾ֮ܰ
ϷɱĽ԰һ˴Ժһƽ䳡ӳȴĲݵأǺһ㣬Χűܡ
䳡һȴʮ㣬һֻϻﶢ䳡
ֱӲ䳡߶ȥһźһСԺӳЩСԺµ䣬˴˸һξ룬γһԺ䣬š
ǽһ䣬дš÷ԺһƬ÷֣÷мС

ԭ磬÷ʢ£÷ȴʢһһشأۡ
ĽۣЩΪޣ÷֦ôݣǲͬƷ֣Ϯˣ˾ܡ
ֵܣΣ÷ϷЦ
Ľͷã
԰׺һϷЦǾסڶߣСߣʲôºһǾܸϹ
ĽЦǷˣ
ϷЦֵúˣض룬㲻ºμˣ
Ľͷİϣ԰Ȼģٴɫǰæ˱ӣȻ˰ѰƳ˴ſ̨ɹ̫
Ϸİƣеٻٻ
һŮƮȻһ÷ֵ˽ǰһɶص㡣
СϣСף˭ѽŮЦٻ⣬޶ˡ
ϷɵٻٻСԸģҪúչˣܵˣȻСҪù
תͷĽֵܣʲô¾ͷԸٻٻɡ
ĽףŮЦٻٻˣ޼ɡ
ǣӡŮЦЦˬʣϷɵСϣİɣһúչӵģˣ
Ϸɵͷţֵˣ굤ٻٻ㰾࣬ˣСҪ
ĽЦЦֵܣúýϢһٺúģ
ĽıȭЦŵͷ
԰ĽһۣתߣϷɳĽЦЦһͬת뿪תСԺֻʣĽŮ
ŮЦҽٻӣҪ裿ޣշҩ˺Ȳ裬ȥ࣬ҪȳԵϹ
Ľҡͷˣٻٻ˹ˡ
ٻЦǺãҾͲʲôҪĻһǣҰȥ
˵ӯһŤƮƮӹ÷֣뿪СԺԺϣԺһ°
Ľһû뵽һϣԼþ֮ǷˣҪúóġ

룬ܺС㾿ʲôˣʲôģɲƲǷһ飬Ҫɲף
ܿ˼ʼоˣڵĵھ֣ǿᣬղֻȴ塣
ĽüĵھŹ֣޷һ
Ƭ̺Ľ˫һʱȻ򣬿ʼתȭķһھڵγɣֻԼһ
ھھתĵھʱγɼսĽղھը
Ƭ̺Ľ˫ۣоâ˸Զͨȫĵ
ĽףĵŹִΪžһ޷Ƴһ㣬޸
ԸпԼԵǳǵ˿ȭ벻ƽķӡ
һͨ羭ת󷨣ߵһ𣬻ָ٣һʱѾ˴롣
ԺнŲٻٻɡ
ԺƿٻһãϵһζΪء
ٻЦӯӯĵ˽ǰǣ˱ǣĽʱ֪һҩģŵζࡣ
Ľӹ࣬ȷʵѾȵһɶЩδ֪˶ԣҪһ¡
ٻӹ룬ЦеĵӣˣԵתһתȥС¥
Ľͷ֪¥ڣһƬɽׯֻһС¥λɽׯıߣԶ
Ľʣٻٻ֪Сʱܻ
ٻһɫЦðɣȥ䳡
Ľ䳡Ϻûˡ
ǸǴ䳡мСĳӣںԺءٻЦ
ĽףЦлٻٻһ˰ɡ
ҾͲٻſȥ

ĽʼվУָҹЧŮҹ첻ṩ
һ붨ʱ磬˲Ϣ붨ʱѾǰʱ֣ϷĽСԺ
ĽѸٵĻָ棬ƺ굤ҩЧΪţ˵ٻѯʲô
ĽʳϷɰæĸһҲĸһĽĲ
һӹ󣬰˸ˮ̳ƣ÷ֵСͤһ߳Էһġ
һЮ÷ƮСͤһǲ㣬һ÷㣬һʳָ󶯡
ֵܣС㡣ϷЮһŹǣǺЦǲ
ĽϷȻֵܲûμҰɣ
ʵڲҲһСӣ֪£ʦʣ֮±ɽڲ̸̼ɸһǺڣǳʶ̼һպΣҪд裬дʱɱ֣һʱҲ˵ʧɱڶкμҪɱңҲˣԺв֪ôܵҿСģҲżһ
ϷɻȻͷЦԭֵģɲé®ġ
ŹӵŹüã֣ͷһ׽һ߽һ´Ľ
Ľé®ģȳȶݣһ֪ʶ㣬ḻġ
ĽҡҡͷҲһŹӵ׽ҵò٣ȴǸ⺺
ѽϷȥͷĽʣȷʵǶģѧʶͣĨһ죬ĵμ䲻һĴңڱҹȴǶģɽμңֵһᣡ
Ľüͷһ£ЦμҲң
ǸҲңϷҡͷԱߵľһڣٺЦμǱȣ²Ǵ֮ã
ĽЦЦǺμôС㣿
Ϸɷ´룬ҡͷЦ٣μ⣬Ȼ˸СףɰСˣ

ĽüͷһźһھƣУ絶һŻ£񣬿νƷþơ
´ЦѲɣСĸĸͬ£
ףôŵģϷȻʡ
ĽҡͷҲµġ
ֵܲˣϷ̾˿Щɺҡҡͷһط£үǡ
Ľһţ⣬׽ţĪǺμʲô߱Ķֵμ죿
Ϸ´ĽĿŹ֡
ĽЦ˿ңʲôԣ
ǲԣǡǡ෴ϷҡͷǹŹֵĿֵ̾ܣǰĲ֪μμң
ĽЦЦƭ
ϷһİƣЦμȻǴ֮ãǳѪμһʦѧ
ĽĪҡҡͷһԵ顣
ϷЦֵ㲻֪ʦѧɣ
Ľҡҡͷֽ󡣡
Ϸ̳룬ֵҲ֪ߵĵȼɣ
ĽҡͷϷɵ߹Ʒʿʦʦʦʦ
Ľͷһڣ֣
Ϸɳʿھ磬ʦھˮʦھʦھʦھ𡣡
硭ˮĽţ˼ܿʵʣͷи
ϷɵǻԶʿˣСΪѾʦ
ĽȻϷƺ֪룬Ϊʿ΢¼߶úܣǲƷҵƷǧѣͳΪʿȻѵã


8 
Ľͷô˵һ۱ܿ˴˵Ʒ
Ϸҡҡͷʩչ书ΪģӦܸӦõҾֵΪҲ࣡
ĽЦҡͷо
ֵ㻹Ǽø̫٣Ȼо顣ϷɵһպǾһˣߣҲܸһ˲˰ɣ
Ľͷ굤ȷʵ
ǺǣȻϷ̳һ룬Ȼ굤μҶеҩҩҽ׹ǣ
Ľһ£֣һ²֪òᡣ
˵޷Ϸɴְڰ֡
ĽҲɽׯμұϾǺǵġ
һͣڿУϷɫ΢䣺ôֵܣ㲻ɽׯ
ĽЦЦɽҰ֮ˣһڹˣ½ɽׯǻСƢ֡
ϷɰڰֵķģСƢ䲻ãͷֻҪƢģ
ĽҡͷЦһһ
Ϸü̳һ룬ֵܣ˵ʵɽׯǲǲ£
ĽͷЦҰ˵ģڣʦҲûûСġ
Ϸҡͷ̾˿򣺡ֵܣ˵ɽģˣ
Ľüëɻ
Ϸɵֵܣ㣬벻ͷأȨƣΪ֮ˣ
ĽЦˣвģҪȻѧ
ǾˣϷһ򣬺ǺЦҪͷأƾԼ
ĽЦЦ书ˡ
ֵܣ棡ϷҡͷѣЦ书Ҫãһʣѧķߵͣʦָ㣬ȱһɣ˵ʲô
Ľһ˵¡

ѧԳһ壬ԭö࣬ҪǿΨһ;ķ
ΪķҴϣƽձõʹҵõûʦָҲʹҲѿ졣
μҵĸش֮Ľѧ֮Ҫ㣬ȫΨϳ˵ѧ
ϳѧɲô׻ã߰ɣ߽Ҵ壬Լֻһ·Ҵ塣
֮£֪Ⱦǲʮ꣬ʮգʮѵϰʱ䣬ɾޡ
书ǴɣŴɵģֻġ
Ϸɿɫãƶ룬һھƣ΢Цֵܣˣ
ĽЦҡҡͷϲ£ʮ֮˾ţԼģԭ磬Լ书ݺᣬ޼ɣȴɣ֮Σ
Ҫȫϳķǵ֮μҶμ˵ʲôԼȴȻԼ书ɣ̬ҪŰˣҲҪ£ȡ
뵽̾˿ҡͷֻˣ
ϷһĽ򣬿Ȼֵܣ֪־־ܵԣμɱ練ƣҵİɣɽׯһ߱ȫлǿμҾѧμкξգ
ĽЦμѧʲô˶İɣ
⵹٣μѧ¶ģʲô˶ҪСͷųɡϷɵͷ漴ڰ֣ЦֵһֵС㻶ϲ
Ľ̾˿һԳѣԼԽԽȥˣͷҪһŮӻģԵõϳ˵ķ
˴ǰԼҲֱ뿪ˣȴͬǣңҪҵȥ·ŮԲΪĿģʲôˣ
Ǹһ룬պһΪСЧϷɾ룬ƵĴЦ
ĽЦŶһ˸һ

ڶ峿ĽСԺ÷ǿȭһָܹÿȭķڻ
ˬ̫ոâ䣬÷Ⱦ˽ɫĽŽ⻺ȭ׾
ŲȻԺͣһ£ȻţֵܣСˣӭӣ
ãһɳƵ漴ԺűƿһŮӿŶ룬ֱĽǰ
Ľ䳡÷룬һСԲƽأ÷ƣ÷һһشأ硣
Ľ֮ۿ壬Ůθȶˣģһ㣬̬ӯʮ㡣
Ϸɽ󣬸Ľʹ˸ɫʾСź
Ľȭ˫ִͷ£һһ䵽ϣĻ굴һ£Ʊ紵ߡ
ĽתȭС㣡
̧ϸǰ޳Ůӣ°ͣԲĴۣͦı״ɣòʽ͸߹
Į飬ĽҲ´
˱˴˴˵ϷɰżƴĽɫĽװŮӡ
Ϸɳ˴ɫģĽֱֱС㿴°޼ǴⲻҪС
ʹˣҲҶ˵һ䣬
ΣСĮ˫һбǽ޼ɰɣ
Ľͷ޼ɡ
СϷ˵ˣı
ĽЦЦޡ
Сѩ׵Сһ̧üͷĵҲϻԺҰɣҳ⣡
һɻ𡰲䡱ĴĽһͷã
Сб´һۣͦģаǺ£ֻҪб£ôɣû£
Ľ΢΢һЦã
ЪϢһ죬ңС㵭Ըһתȥ
Ϸɳҡҡͷ¶֮ɫæ׷ȥ

ڶ죬Ľһ˿ȭȻСԺ䳡ȥ
ѾٻˣС绪μׯģȫμ˲ܲ֡
ٻ˵С࣬ĸʣΪæϾԼһ˳ЩƧ
μׯСĸ׵ļױμңһдʱ븸׹ϵ
Ľ˶Ϊʳûпգȴ֪ʳ֮ӵעأոࡣ
ԺӣС䳡ʱ绪һɫװ磬ȭӰʵʣĽֻѹ
С䳡ʮֱϰŸֱУ绪ӢˬˣϷ԰ҲһɫװӢ
Ϸæ֣԰һŤͷ
ĽǰȭС㣬֣֡
ô绪üһٿĵĽǰƵȭͷҹ
Ľæˣ
˵ŻһʩչȭһȭӰײϰƵȭӰ顱һ죬Ľһ
ף绪β˷ϲȭһȭͷĽ
ĽŵһȭȭӰ΢ȴס˰ƵʵȭӰ顱һһ
εӿĺˮҪסȴܣ°̾ʵΪðңʹȭҲûá
ٽһȭ绪߳һšȭһȭͷһ޶ȭӰɳ׹Ľ
ȭͷС죬ѩСɾ£ȭͷɹĽһȭӰʶμʩչԼ˲û
һ£бȣܿһȭӲӣ˵˿ȭܽӵסðա

ףȻ֮͵һȭȭӰײ˰ȭӰʱ
ձܹһȭȴѩȭӰٿһգٴײȻĿȭܸ࣬ıȭ졣
ȭײ̫εȻ޴ɼķɳȥǿᣬѪӿһȴûˡ
֮ĽȻ绪ԭΪȭڿȴǴˣѧȻ졣
绪ȭִۣ׵ʲôȭ
Ľȭ
绪ͷȭƾʣ㾳Ѿѵã
Ľ̾˿⻰治֪Ǳǰ
绪ˣ㹻ʦ
ĽЦЦǡ
ʲôģҡ绪
ĽͷлС㡣
绪бһۣϻ࣡
ĽεӣһС˵Լû취Ȳܶײ־ÿЦ
һ£С㣬һʣ֪
绪ü𣺡憪
ĽͣεĵҲףСң
ɣӦ÷ֱѡߣʵ̫Σˡ
绪бһۣҡҡͷŤˡ
ĽȥεתϷɣϷǰ򣬺ǺЦֵܣСһ£ܹоɱ⣬Ļ죬һСܾ죡
ĽȻô棿
ٺ٣СѪͳ߹Ȼı£ûʲô˵ģϷЦԺ
԰ʲô
ϷЦСףСȻϿˣ˵Щ
㣡԰
ϷЦһԽǿֵܴܰﵽС㣬Բ˵ûģֻУԿɲУ

԰һбĽһۣ˺˰ɣ
ĽͷҪͽ̣
԰ߵȻмСգУ
ĽͷЦҾͲˣȭ
֪԰ˣԸķֻһӲӲֻҪʵӲùһж˵򲻹˵һж״
һȭӰ԰ףŤҪܹȻҪУʳԣȴȭӰٿļӿ죬Ѹײڶ
԰ȫû뵽ٱܿѾֻεĳȭ¡
飡ȭӰȭͷӣ԰һɫ΢䣬ߵã
ϷɺǺЦСף
԰׵һۺߵ˵޼ɣȻмֱ£ʸСߣ
ĽЦЦã
԰׺ߵҿû㣬ٱȹβˣҪ㵽мֱ£
Ľͷã
ϷһЦֵܣСߣ׻ҪʡʡСͷЩˣ
ĽͷȻ԰ס
԰ײŲæҡͷյһȭӭĽ
ĽбһܿȭӰǰ֮δͣѾȭ԰ؿڣ԰ȭӭȭͷײ
飡ͬʱһĽԾ棬ȻȭӰʵԼΪ乻ȭʱж̣ȫӣ԰ײ¡
ǽȭˣƾԼΪѹ԰ףѾ㹻ˣԼʵûʲôɽġ
ԼһɱﵣǷɵɵƿս⣬ִԦʹ󣬲֪ܲܶԸĸ֡


9 
飡飡飡飡һУĽ԰׷ֶϣ϶֣ȭͷͣײ
ʼʱȭӰȭͷֱײ԰׽ҧɫ԰ףѾѪա
Ľɫ糣ɷԽԽղ֮񷢻ãȻܵȴ˿𣬷²þûôʹĴһˣԽԽ˷ܡ
顭ת۹ֶʮȭĽ˫۷Ź⣬ԽԽʢ
԰ǡǡ෴ҧǺͿ
Ľ°ЦӲװ֪뿴жӲμׯ鵤ҩʹҲҪ
͵գϷɺȻһԾм䣬˫֣ٴȥҪ
Ľ˺һҡͷЦֹ
԰һվˣղų̫ƴȫȻҪɲסѣѪһӿһ𣬲³һѪ
һѹסӿߵѪϵģÿ
˵СףǿֲˣϷҡͷЦ
԰Ľ
ĽЦ֣ˣ
԰һתߡ
ϷЦֵܱ֣ƢѼӲֵܸգ
ĽЦҡҡͷֵΪȷʵ񡣡
ֵǸأʦһλϷʡ
ĽʦɽҰ֮ˣżҲ֪֡
λˣǸйµġϷ̾ĽȴΨһ¥¡
¥һ㣬ɫ㣬Ρ֮ƣ᷿֮ƣƽŻ
Ľæ֣ǡ
ǣϷתͷЦЦƿ˷ţУһɵ˱Ƕ
ĽԶʤˣ⵭ЩϤ绪ϵζԽľ
֪绪¥Ǵһþɱ֮绪ɲʲôƲ

ϷɽȥĽٳɣ̤ݣŸտżȴͣס˻ĵ̺覣һȥҪӡŵմ
Ϸɡ
ϷЦеĴӻͳֽ˦ȥʮؼƮƮ䵽ͬλãγһСſ붫ǽܡ
ϷЦ
Ľ󣬲ؼ㾭鰸¡
ߣʵһŵ飬Ľһɨʱһ¡
ϷԺָָܣС޵书ţֵһķɡ
Ľף´Щţ۹󣬽ԵӡһԼٱţνˡ
ƽ޾ɫϷȻֵܣ
Ľջ۹⣬ЦЦǴС㣬Ȼֱʣ
ȻϷЦָָܣЩʦ֮µѧ˹Сһ˵ʦѧʹͣ
ĽʣֵķǺεȼ
СͣʦϷͦһظ
ĽЦԭˣ
Ϸ¶˷飺ҲǸյûãɣʦѧķֻҪֿܽʦģ
Ľͷ´Щ书ķһ˷Ȼֳһúܿ졣
ƲķѾѧϵϤõĻᡣ
ȻЩʦ֮µѧһ˶ԣѾıˣκһȥԴ
ϷɵֵܣҰııΣ
Ľջ̧ͷЦŶ
Ϸָţһһÿ飬Ȼͣס͵ĳһݵĽǰⱾô

Ľӹˣç֮ŨޱȣƺԶž
Ϸɵ𣺡Ȿ˵ʦķʧһ㣬С˵ǰ˲㣬˴ʦѧμׯľѧǰ㡣
Ľüͷһ£ǰ㣿
Ϸɵķһķ׺ѣѭ򽥽Ѻѣ˵ֻҪͰԲܴﵽʦ磬νºƷѧ
ĽЦЦôʧģ
ϷɵͲ̫ˣˣ¶ȥΪ棬ǧٹ֣
ĽЦʣô
ϷɵķǴ֣ǿ֮ǳΪʿĹؼͬ忪ʼһתǰת壬һӶϣ壬һӣûܿʼ٣ǿʲôãʿû֮
ĽӦɣ
ϷɵС˵ҪΪʦڵķţԴʦҪҲ߯ˣôʵڵòʧҪΪʦպһûʿʺãģ;ķҲֻǸʦ٣岻ɣѰٱ
Ľ𣿡
ϷɻͷУСıС֮⣬ˣ
Ľͷԣ
ϷһЦȥæڰ֣ǿЦģ
ĽЦЦûЦ
˼ά磬Ƭܶ࣬ķʺ
˶ѣƫƫղ񹦣羭ղ֮ķ°빦ҲĵãԱѣδء
ؼȥȥҪԷңҴﵽҿɲʲôС壬һ봳ȥҪǿΪǸΪµһ֣Ȼˡ
õķϷ⻰ɽׯѧѵãȻΪŶŹ

ֵܣˣϷü
ĽһֱܹˣЦЦֲض˵ԿʹҲԹˣ
Ϸ֣ͣεҡͷֵܵĺģ治ҿɲܺ㣡
ĽЦСãΪжŮˣ
ϷûĵһۣСȣ治ܱȣСѪͳ߹ʾܱȵù
ĽЦЦԺƽȵ˼룬˸롣
ƽ˼裬޷ıһĵȼ˼Ҳ裬޷ı䣬Ѫͳ߹ͼġ
Ϸҿһ£ѹңС鵤ҩҲ鵤СԶֵܣһ䣬ǧɵ
ĽЦЦҡҡͷֵĺ죬ˣ
㡭㡭ϷָǺڵĶţԼҲǷаΪҫЦ
ֲض˵ѾĽͷЦŴһҳһҳķܿ췭꣬һķ㣬ܳΪʦ
ǰ壬ĲʿĲΣȭӰΪʵ̤ʦ㡣
ķȣһζķƫ棬죬̣ԽԽԡ
࣬裬תǰ㡣
Ľ¶΢Ц֮ѧܶ࣬Ǿ֮ѧתϴ辭ղ񹦣羭󷨣ж֮ۺʤһЩԣԼѧľϸ
죬ˮɣ˵ٳɣڵĲ㣬ȷʵаԼԭѧȷʵͬ
ϷɻȰĽЦֻ֣ѡһķ
ϷƵĵͷţν̰ãֻѡһ֣Ҫúѡ֮ףС⿪͵㹻Ĺ͡
ĽЦѡѡ
ǧϷæͷ

ʱ䣬ĽĳһŷźǱȽӣȴ֪һһӡԺ
ٱţһһ֮󲻹һʱϷһĵĵţȴûзţĿбӵĶŴ⣬վԱһ
ĽƳһ۰Ը̾绪Ԧزɲף书Ŷ˵ǲɿܵջ󣬺ܿܵˡ
漴һڳûϷɣ
ܿȥ̧ͷ¥ݴ绪һϮˮĮ߻
֣λŮӣôûŮ
绪̬ӯߵĽǰѡʲô
ǣĽɫϷȴС㣬ȰȰֵܰɣȻѡԹң
Լһ£죡
绪ͶĽ֪ĵϸ
ĽͷѾȰҡ
Ȼ֪ˣ㻹Ҫ绪
Ľͷǡ
ţɡ绪ףת߰ɣ
ĽϷæϣĽﴧķѧװԺŹࡣ
ѧûеֻȭŹȭŹԭ粻ͬעʽֻķ
Ϸһߣ绪󣬷Ķãһ߿ʼһתķת
˴⣬԰ײ֪˴ӵ绪˴⣬ʮʿվڴǰһһŮӷ罣ŮӢˬһ绪
绪վǰתˮĿһһӹˣƬ̺һ֣Ǹţȥɣ
ǣʮʿȻӦ
ת뿪ϢֻʣһһŮ꣬ŮǰС㣬ȥ
ɽԣ绪
Ůü̫˰ɣ
绪ߵôȥǱҲԶԶӿˣ

ŮҪȰϷæڣǿɽҪġ
Ů绪̾Ҫţ
űŰգ绪ͷİڰ֣߰ɣ
չƮƮæһҲں棬绪ǰŮԣϷ԰׻Ľһ꣬һں
ŵ㣬ĽһʩչţһķȷʵףǰĶͬ
û֮ù룬ͨͨίʵ죬Цѣֲúɣһ̫ѣǷ֮˻ˣһĻҪ֮ţû
뵤һâӲӣŰ꣬תؾŻתۡ
ǿᣬ빦һ±ţܿתγһγһС
γ֮ԴԴӿ룬ˮóˮһӿתһתķض·ѭһܣ忪ʼ͡
ķת͸оԽԽǿ绪ȻֹŤͷһα𳬹ʮ죡
˸ֹסȻĽͷлС㡣
绪ˮĿͣͣû˵תƮУܿɽǰĽĽŲ΢΢һ٣ɽվĸˡ
ĸĿ磬ӹˣĽϣĽһû뵽ô׷
绪²ͣ˸ǰͣҲͣҪӹߣһ̤ǰһȭºγι


10 
绪˫ֱ⣬ĵĴб£ʳָҡһ£ϷɿǰһȭǺˣҼС£
ݣڷ˫磬һɢɭӲ֮ʡ
۹һ£ʵʵıϷɡ
ϷһƹһºվˣǺ£Ͻÿ
һĿӹϷ䵽绪ϣ¶ɽμҺγι
绪бЦɽμңô磡
γȭ΢Цң²ŹɱҺμҵӣ˳ܲȫ
绪˵޼ɣ
γͷ绪ҡͷϴˣμҵӣһֱμׯɱμҵӣ
ιγɫ΢䡣
绪һ֣ûϻú
˵ŤǰߣγһٴǰһԶȭι
绪üһϷɴһ
ȵպεģ㲻ʸϽÿС£
γ˫һϷɡ
Ϸ˷۾һоâ䣬·ĶӣΪķ
γЦһιҪ޼ˣ
绪üߵ
³֣ĸһɫৡһ²԰ס
绪ߣԲ
ŤǰʱҲƣ
ĽæϣߣȻۡһ죬˸³һѪ̱ȥ
Ľ̾绪ǿˣΪȻԼС
Ľƣ˲һҪ̤ʦ֮˿ѷԼ绪ǰȻ޷֮ԼҲһ³

˽¼죬κ߳ףϷŤͷһæһ绪磺С㣬ǡ
ˣ绪ߵ
ϷĴָǺЦСμԽԽˣǵƣǲ֪ߵض񣡡
绪Ƴһۣ֪ߵغ񣿡
Ϸͷμҵӣ֪Ҫ
绪бߵ´ǣŵ򲻹ǣ
ϷЦһֱɽׯǸɽׯУ
ôң绪һת𴦣첻˵
Ϸɼæ˺Ľ硣
ĽЦ绪ϲŭ޳ƢŹ֣ϷɼòԹɫȻĵ绪ġ
ƺˬֶԹɫϷǸ˲š
ĽȭлС㡣
绪Ҳμҵ˶ã
ĽЦһ£ͷûٶ˵Ϸɸ˸ɫĽȴЦҡҡͷ
Ϸбһҡͷֵ̾治Ǹ˵ģʱӦñĵģȴ«һǡ
ĬĬ·ܿɽ˿ԣֻдĽĴſɽһε֣ʩչŲСŲҲС
Ľʣ֣ɽеŹ֣ô£
Ź֣ϷһʲôŹ֣
Ľû
ʲôϷʡ
԰бĽŪ飡
Ľҡҡͷǲ֪ģֻ绪ãһڵɽǰʱһȴǹͺͺһСɽͷеԴ
һξʯѹɽͷ߶ʮңȻ˻γѲ
绪һԾ䵽ʯϣĽϷûҲֻվԭأͷ绪Ҫʲô
վھʯϣƾѩ죬㷢Ʈһıޱ顣

Ľס˺棬ûʩչͨװƿţҲûתķʼڶ࣬ɡ
Ҫʹ˹һ죬о̫ǿңֱӹģסĻܣ޿̣Ҫѳ֮⡣
һ㡣
Ľһһ߰ԴɽȻһȥһڹ꣬ɽǣʯͷʯ
ѲйأεǺ£
Ҫ绪ʸ
绪һű˶һվţĽûڶתķʮ죬ǵת衣
ǰתͬ߶֮ʣڻᴫһХޣ˵Ķ䶼񣬲
Ľ˼ЦЦ绪üת
ĽС㡣
绪һǰ̽һ׽ָţ˱ǶĽǳɫ
֮£˺ţϸѩ׹࣬״ɣëס
绪üͷǲ
ĽЦС㣬ÿɶԣ
ţá绪ףÿβҪʮ죬
ĽͷлС㡣
绪⼸ɽׯűú
Ľüͷһ£μң
绪ߵμҾǷ蹷ǲҽɽׯ
ĽЦЦС鷳ˣ
绪ʱüߵ˵ϻ
ϷɵС㣬ҪҪȥһºμң
ô棿绪бùǣ
Ϸڨڨףٺ٣ǲɣҪүݣ
⣡绪һŤɽȥ

ϷæȥĽûʣС㣬ҾÿɽйεΪΣ
绪ǡ
ĽҪɳʲô
绪󷨡
Ľͷһæʲô󷨣
԰ģʵ̫ˣ
绪԰һۣԪ󡣡
Ľͨ󷨣ڴܾУиָ㣬գʦˣȴһֱûʩչᡣ
֮ǽԪǳ߻٣ԻǣǬף𵴡
ѧûôޣԻ֮ǻɣɱȴġ
ԪŨ󷨵Ҫǿεȳ̶֪
Ԫ󡭡ţ²ͣķͣ
绪ӯٶȼ죬һصɽׯĽĪǴԣɢġ
绪¥ĽҲԼСԺϷɸǡʱ֣˵˼ˣ̳ƣСͤһ߳һߺһ˵
ֵܣǡϷָָҡͷѡ
ĽЦֲض˵Ѿţܷˡ
Һ㰡Ϸ
Ľ΢ЦСҪㆪˣ
ϷæҿǺЦðɺðɣ˵ʰԪǲǣ
ĽҶ󷨺ܸȤ
ˣⶼаϷɰڰ֣ñѧɥ־ֵ鹦ֺ񣬻ԶΪ
ĽЦɽׯ󷨴ʦɣ
Щ书û󷨷ģ书ȷʵ룬·
Ϸɵүͨ󷨣ԪүµģҲûʲô
ĽЦЦβȻо
Ϸɵүͨ󷨵ģҲԵѧ󷨣˵Ȱ书ã书ˣѧ󷨲١

ĽüʣΪΣ
Ϸɵү˵书ԽѧԽף̫뾫ᵢ䣬Һôޣû书ã;а
Ľͷô˵Ҳе󷨶˵Ҫ󼫸ߣҺһ鷳ִ֮ҪҲ
Ϸ룬Сʲô°ɣ
Ϸҡҡͷһڡ
Ľʣôˣ
ϷɿЦСӿɲù
Ľûĵ˵֣лϽ˵ӣ˵һ˵ô£
Ϸɷ´룬̾СպεģɼƫҪС޸μңСһ֮¾ˡ
Ľü
ţСҲ̫ˣϷɳ̾ϢȻһȻֹҿ
ĽЦİɣûˣ
ϷԼһƣ죡Ҳ۵ģ
ĽҡͷЦģ˵һ˵ֺηҼеİɣ
ϷЦ⵹ҲǣһԾŶСҲǾƢСˣ
Ľüûǿ
ϷҡͷûأǾ̫Զûɡ
Ľ룬ҡͷվҪиģμңôǸμҽף
Ϊμҵ书Ϸɺߵμ˹ʺˣһԦǾʦѧ
Ľʦѧϡ٣
Ϸɵʦѧ٣ԦǾͬ˵ܼԦǳǿȻʦѧʵѷڴʦѧʦѧǺμҲû
Ľͷԭ
Ϸ¶ϧ۵飺ССûֲһˣʵڿ
Ľ̾˿ҡҡͷӹƧɡ

ڶ峿Ųһ֪绪ӭӡ
µĿзŵ÷ˡ
С㡣ݱȭ
绪ֻһˣһϮѩ˫۱⣬ƳһȻֱСͤ£֡
ĽԿЦε˹ȥ档
ѩĿˮ˰βſڣڱżˣк𣿡
Ľ˵ˡ
˵˵绪ڰ֣СԺſڵٻ˳ȥ
Ľһü⣬һúμҸ⣬ü⣬һ޶ϵɰɣ
ţļûá绪
ĽֻܴӺμ֡
绪ףʾ˵
ĽСˣ
绪û
ĽСߣ
·ͨ绪ҡͷ
Ľű˵ֻһ׳н
ô׳н绪΢΢ǰ㣬ر˫ۼñΡ
ĽμҵԦǾҪ˴˾ܸܲ⣿
绪룺пܡ
ĽЦ뷨ӵ˴˾ǣ
绪ûĵ˵ף
ĽЦΪ
绪ҡҡͷôף类˵ȥҲҼȥģСèֻõ
Ľμҹɣ
ᡣ绪ͷ
ĽǰΣ
ԦǾ绪üҡҡͷûãƲһԦǾɱ
ĽƬ̣ɫɡ
л˵绪ͷĵһۡ
ĽҵһԿ롣
š绪üʲô
ѻĽ
绪ҡͷû˵
ĽһŽʦ֪ʩչġ
绪ߵ㵹ң
Ľ΢΢һЦԹʿңԹʿ֮
˵˵ô绪бһۣһס
ĽҪסȥ˽ģǲҩ߹ơ
Ӳģ绪ü
ĽЦС㲻ʩչ˼ơ
绪ü룬ͷţԿɡ


11 
Ľüͷһ£һۡ
绪Բߵʲô˼ʲôˣ
ĽЦСò绨¶Ц׼Ǻߵ޷Գ֣
绪һۣͷ«ƵģҲ˵ɻ
ĽЦС˼ƣһơ
˵˵绪ֱ
Ľ;ػɱҲǸ׳нףвߣ˼ϲߡ
ɱ绪üҡͷׯȴӦɱ˺ݡ
Ľһֻ̯֣˼ˣίСˡ
绪ûĵ⣬Ϸ˵ǻ۹ˣҿҲûʲôˣ
ĽǺЦЦû
ãæһ绪ʡ
ĽùһΣá
ֻһΣ绪ü´ҧűӣ룬վðɣͶһѣ
Ľվûʮɰգеġ
绪쿪ʼȥס
ĽͷлС㡣
ŪԦǾԽ绪תҪߣȻͤͣסתŪҲԽ㣡
Ľüͷһ£Цá
°̾Ǵģȷʵˣ˽ʤˡ
绪̬أȶˣȻĶĽ㣬ſͣס
绪Ƣã졣
Ľͷǡ
绪һ֣ŤƮȻȥתʧš
Ľվԭأ㵭ɢȥҲǻˣ֪㣬ȷʵ츳
ʧɢȥĪЩ꣬漴ҡͷʧЦԼ˶ˣǲܵġ

ԭʾݺᣬԵŮʵòòƽƽҲܵõƷŮ˷ġ
磬ʵƽòʵ绪ǸҪӻģλܱϷ԰ǻ͡
С㣬䣬ĿһУſϣôܿòƽƽʵƽƽԼ
һ³ȥȴϣȼգŮ࣬ĵԽԽС绪˶ˣġ
ˣ˶ӵУҲˣŮ࣬ĿȻһ˶ۣӵеǿƽ֮žˣ绪ĳ֣ŵġ
ԽܣԽģף֮ǿʵ̸˵зɵдŲΣء
Сͤ룬ƽĺͬʱתһĶ֮ܣʱ䡣
ĶȫעЧͬǰлѸݣͬһ죬߻ʱ䲻ͬ
ʹˣһҲֵϱʮ죬ʱתйվָһһڣЧ
٣ϷɺȻ֡
ĽЦЦٻ
ٻ绨Ц̽һ÷еˣЦ軹Ǿƣ
ɡĽЦ
ϡٻЦ绨Ӧһ˻ȥ
ϷɴչеʣС˵ʲôˣ
ĽǺЦ˵㾤ҵҵģѵѵá
ģϷɶʱüЦܿЦݣ̾˿ǲңСĻ˵Щ
绪Ƣ˽佱Ļ죬Լõˣ
ĽЦС˵ȥүס
үϷɳ˿
Ľüͷһôף
Ϸ´ۣһͬ飬ҡҡͷ˵

ĽЦ
ϷҡͷѣĽۣŵүƢ֪ɣ
ĽСһ䣬˵үƢá
Ϸҡͷ̾٣ܱС˵ƢõˣƢܲʲôģ
Ľô£
үƢǱúܣҪ˵ģһסûӹˣϷͬĿ
ĽüΪηƢ
˭֪ءϷҡͷѣ֮㲻ܸ죬ҪȻ͵Űɣ
ĽͷҲˡ
٣Ϊô򵥣ϷƲƲ죬ߵҪ˵أʱ㲻죬ҲƢ֮Źֵúܣͷԣ
ĽЦףҺ˰ɣ
ϷҡͷȥЦˣ
˵ŻĹٻһȵŮŮһϮī̾װס罿Сģ㡣
ٻϲ裬ЦӣҪȥү
ĽͷѽٺȲٻĲˡ
ٻһ㣬ҪСѽ
ĽôΪԼҪ̶Ѩһ㣬Ѳүϻ
ٻѲϣȻ˳
ǺǣǡϷԼĲյ˵ǰЦ档
Сһƣסյϴ磬ҷС֮ȥү
ѽϷЦ棬ջزյЦСҪȥүѽ
Сľ㲻ٴɫ˵
ϷЦǺǵĵСĻȻˣǲС⡣
㲻֪С
Ϸͷȱ飺Ҫͻˣ
㻺һɫͷҵһö鵤
С㻹Ǵ󷽰ϷĽ

ŤͷӣʲôʰİɣҪЩүҪˣ
ϷæֵܣүܴŵģҪɱ˵ģ
Ľüͷһ£ھߡ
תߣϷɽĽĽΨɵ֮Ժ
СԺ˵ĴͥԺȻߣһһĴͥԺһһš
һʮţһʱֹŤͷϷɺߵȥ
ϷٺЦһȥ
ߵã
ϷָָǰЦֵܽȥɡ
Ϸһۣү㣡
ѾͷɣһֺĽֻѪӿؿڷæתѹ
㿴һĽţȻʧû˶
Ľоֻһ̤ȥƿʧ˵ϢһʧˣΪŹ֡
֮ۿһ£ȴֹס˺棬ûù
ľǿᣬԶʤ绪֮۹۲μׯʱһط޷ƣǰԺӡ
ԺӺܴԺӼһҲûռؼ㣬֪ʲôĽƲӦǺ԰֮ġ
ţȻ֣ƿնĽӣȥɣѾү˵ˡ
Ľ΢Цͷл
㲻䲻ȵأҷ°ˡ
˵ղĽ˵תߣϷæĽһɫʾС£׷㡣
ĽҡͷЦЦŮӺϣϷ׷㻹кܳ·Ҫߡ
Ľ޼ɼү
һϺ
Ľߺ¡¡죬紺ը

һСţǰɫر任ȻһɽУ̧ȥɽƽԲɫԴ䡣
죬һǿɽ
֮Ѳ˲ƣԼĴŲһ㣿
ɴۣ֮ǰ˼ҡͷȻ󷨰֮ԼվһСϣһֵСֲǿɽֻһԺһƬС֡
ԺһСˮ鿣Сͤλˮ鿡
ϽǵСͤһߣͷӣӥĿСеԼ
Ľ룬뱩¶Լۣ֮ȥȻԼһһɽߣʵСߡ
ɽʱʵǵ˶ϽǵСͤǰȻһڳֳʵһУĿʵ̽޼ɣ
Ľȭү
ջĿ⣬ͷţ۹ⲻ˵
Ľ£ߴۣ˵ɱ˺μҵĵӣôɱģ
Ľ龭˵һ飬硣
ߵͷΪںμһϣһû̫ˣֲû
ĽЦүӡ
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ĽҡҡͷҲ֪
治֪ĿʵʰĽĽ򶨵治ɫ
СӣͦӲ߹һЦƮƮһĳХУĽǰƾճһӰʵơ
ĽæһԾܿƣȴӰһٴĻƵֻӲƴ
ȭͷһһө⣬Ӱײ
飡СͤڿĽ⡱һĲײϺˣεסٲܺˡ
ĽæʩչԦţӿϣСͤƺһ£ٴλָ糣
Ļ̌ͷղѲǻþ

СӣܽһƣߵͷӥĿʲô򣿡
ĽƽһӿѪ弫ղȻһ¾͵ˡ
һ
ٺ٣ҰĲСۣЦһҡҡͷ
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Ҳ֪󷨣ƲƲ죬мĵСӣ󷨿ɲôѧģɣ
Ľүѧ󷨡
˫ְʯϣĿϣбѧ󷨣
Ľͷǡ
ЦһСӣȰ㻹ʵʵøԶ󷨲һѧģ
ĽЦЦҪ԰ɣ
⵹Ҳǣ˵Ǹأ˵̲סЦ
ЦӣĽĤۣȴ治ɫĿߣ鵭ġ
ֹסЦݣãҾͳȫ㣡
ӻͳһСӣˤĽļסˣҸһʱ䣡
Ľӹ˴һȴһЩķţ̧ͷߡ
ߺߵȰЩסඣܲ󣡡
ĽͷԼѧĲͬһϵ֪Ļǲаԡ
ˮһָмӣԼҼסɣʲôɣǲܳԺӡ
ĽСȭһŤСͤˮ鿵С
νˮʵһ㣬ĽڶһӣʰһȻСӿʼо
ѧҲȤؼܹԼСŲƣģо͸ˣԿ
ԭΪԼйĿ֮ܣһСӲƬ̹򣬻Ҫ׾Ҫװһǿܼס
Сӿʼǵʱ֪ôίʵŹ֣ĹĿʧЧˡ
һҳȻӡ֮󣬱۾һ룬ȻһƬհףȻʲôҲûסίʵ֮
аֿۣһղҳüסˣٴαۻ룬ԺһƬհף


12 
֮аԣԾˣסˣԺһһлΪޣκۼ
ĽȻɻȴ°Ȼʼϸϸо
һβֻ̰࣬һ֣ؼд֣˶ռؼ㡣
ֽڰնԽԽŹ֣ŤŤֵ񻭣Ĺ񼸵Ƶϸ̣Ҳĳߡ
Ȳϵã֪⣬סˡ
ֱֱӣԺŤ仯֡
ٴκۣԺԾһƬհףһۼ
˻Ľ˿ֽϣͣ
ܹдСӣȻǼסˣܼסԼһܣֻǷͷ
岻񣬼ǿԼҲǿĿһ˼Ҫھ֮䣬д߶Ӷ䡣
룬ָ֣ջһһдһдʮ飬Ȼ۾дܼס۾ʱȴֱɿհףָڿУôдˡ
ĽЦҡͷӻԡ
룬ָȻջֻȻӿϣǲһ±ʧ
ĽüͷһȻǣֺԼѧû
ԽȤе̼Ҫסˣ
һ΢붨붨ٴο֣Ȼۿʼ룬ͼС
ͼ۾ʱ¶Цݣվ֮벻ĹЧְ˴æ
һһһֹ룬ǽȫӡ֮վУֱӹ롣
۾һСѾȫļס
¶ЦݣСߣһ飬˿޲޴ĳɾ͸Цݸʢ
齣ƿĴյϣ¶ʪĿ
ˮԣյһرʯ

ӭһɿһ죬ᴩǽڣһ죬ʤһʱȭš
Ӧǵڶ峿ˣв֪£֪Ѿһȥоһ˲
ųӣȥϱСͤһµүȭݣ˫̽أĹ졣
̽ǴɣĽҪ߿ʱүȵСӣɼסˣ
СͤˮԼаףһϺȣĽߡ
Ľתүסˡ
үƣһһײɢ˫ƴͷ䡣
šƵ˫һ·ſŤͷĿ̹סˣ
Ľͷ
ȫסˣүȵ
Ľֻһը죬Ѫӿԭתʱ٣ƽѪ֮ͷǡ
үֺȵ
Ľֻһǿɼӹ棬Сͤ䵽үߡ
Ľɫ䣬ȴϻǿΪ֮ڣʩչίʵˡ
ԼҲʩչʮܹ֮ʹָһȣСһ㣬ֵһᣡ
ĽŲæӻͳСӣүӹ֮󣬷һҳдҿ
СͤڿյģûʯûбīĽү
үһӳС̤ͤźӵ˰ߣһ֦̤źֻ
죡֦׸Ľ
Ľϻֱڵдһַһַԭԭȫȫдһ顣
үСӣһҳһҳķţĽдĶգ棬Խֱ
Ľд֦꣬İֱŤͷʱһ

ү׶Ҫһ㣬ɷ¶Ľ
Сӣү̽½󣬶Ϻȵ
⻰ǿ佱붯ȴ죬Ľæүôˣ
ү͵һףĽڵ˳ȥֱֱײˮ鿣ҡͷЦĪ
Уֲ֪ͨк˵ڶ󷨼ɵǳС
ڿ鵸ȥⴿǸվүû׵Ļ⡣
үվԭһޱ顣
ĽƮƮˮϣͷģҡҡͷԼǰ̼ùǺ
£ԼӣʼоЩַӵһַָڿ黮һۣȴһɢĽľź
ʼΪԼд죬򲻵ңһֱۣдʮ֮켫˼һӱͣʱܹȷԼ£ַ⣬ֻ۲
Ȼͣ±Цַ˺ҵķ۷ʹ
ЩַҲ֪ģνشĪ⣬Դ֮֮顣
ʱü죬֪һʱ׼дڶַʱүСӣ
Ľη֣ţƮƮ˶ϱߵСͤ
Сͤʯү裬ȻС
С¯죬ڣ֮Ʋɢʱһ塣
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үӥϸĴ˲ò࣡
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ôסģү
ĽҼԺãʼ֣һǲסǴ붨Ÿճʱǣͼסˣ

붨үţͷ㻹ͦж
ĽЦЦҴС򡣡
Ѿ֪һҲзţΪأԭͽǵ͵úܣͽ١
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˵ŻӻͳһСƿ׸Ľǿ׳ǣһ֮
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үͷţûһҲǰת
Ľ¿̾ҡҡͷҴǿڣӴԴΪ̶ܹȼӿ

ã˴ʦѧȴޱȣһ˶ԣҪǰת졣
Ľʶ㲩ԶˣԵʣ֮Ϊ̫󣬲ϸ£ղ񹦣羭ȣεܲȻÿһǿԽԵġ
ͬһ¥ղ񹦣羭ʮ̨ףȴ̨ס
ʮ̨׿Ʒ£Ҫ缸ÿһ̫̫ߣһһȥ̨׿ʡ£ֻһ˿ɿ粻ôߵ̨ף
ҴеҩΪ̨ܿףƽȴɣʹҲǰ׷ѾʹҲһɣźա
Ľ˼Ϻû
үһλμǰоͨҽݺᣬԼƵģӲ⴫ߣҲķֿԣ
ĽЦСǻ۹ˣ
ƢˣүٺЦڰ֣⻰ɱ˵ȻָҷƢˣ
ĽЦЦ
үȥɣʲôʱʦʲôʱңʱҽ󷨣
Ľٴαȭлүѵ䣬ЩϻԺ˵ԼĶ䡣
Ľݿʼרעչ״̬
ȻԭѾǿޱȣ°빦ʮѾ˾Ųֻһͳɣٶȸ졣
ҹͣĿޣ绪ֻʮ죬̫࣬ǿ壬壬̲
ĽǿᣬǳܱȣԸоֱˣһΣգȻͣ
֪Уһʮ죬ӿгʱѾǰתʼת
֮ǰתȫͬҲԭ粻ͬԭ磬Ũ֮һѹһ߽ɣӴѹʹһҺ壬ȻһҺΪˣͬ侫
ھ֮£һ㣬ΪˮΧΪЩأʱԽԽǾ
֮£ʹˮʩչһЩȻǿ
֮Ȼͬȫ·

ԭۿǾѹ֮ҳɹʼСҲǽҶɣΪǿᡣ
֮ͬ걸ķת·ߣֻҪķתһ֮Ȼһ֡
⿴ףʵȴǰ㣬ض·ߣвͣģûѾĵһɶ
׳ǵתıرȱһɣףȴסˣǵ
Ľǿǿʾ׳ŵתķȥѡ
ܹ֧һ죬ǵתţһξɣʱ䣬轫⾫֮󣬲ʱˮ״
ķתԽԽҲԽԽ٣ٲ䲻ֻܽԭЩϵĴ
ϧûܼˮ״Ѿĸɾ
֮󣬾룬뵽һӣȽΣȻ⾫ǰת
˾ЧȻԶʤǰǿ뵤Խ㣬ɸתתʱסδ
˷һ죬߲ݣٸڴһ˿ˮ״ˮ״壬Ȼת
峿ʱ֣ĵէһյʱľۣ˫۾âһ֮ȥγһ
΢̣ЦҪЦȴסˡ
˵Ĳ㣬̾ϢһһȭʱһʵȭӰɳҪײϴ֮ʣһ·תֽӹȭӰϢϡ


13 
̲סЦ̤ʦľ磡
ʦ磬һԱΣ
Ϊʦѧϰ󷨣Ӵ󷨰֮شͨѧϰ󷨣ʶģԭ֮ͬû˵ףѧá
Ϊ䲻ͬ۹볣˲ͬϾվµһۣ֮ѾµһĿ⣬ܳΪµһ޽ҿԣ
վø߿ԶǶЩмᣬƽ޹أ޹أǿ̸ȴΪӡ
֪ʶķӣȥѧ֮
ǲȻһֱ룬ѧǳ˵Ρ
ȥЦݣƿųݣ˿ȥϵСͤү
ƹ죬΢ӣʼ˫һǰһ̽ǰһȻصʣ̽ȸ˳ȥƳУСͤȦӡ
ĽһۣüүεȴСͤ£糱䡣
֪һżѧүΪĪ⣬ԶԼܹ
ףүһ٣ŤͷʵʵĿϣСӲʦˣ
Ľȭү
үǺЦ֣úãɣ
ĽǵĵСͤүִĽͷţȷʵǸţô죬ѻȥඣүǶˣã
ĽЦ
үͷţûɵģҲ
漴һʦѣԶţɾһ׷ϻ㱾£
ĽЦǣ
СӣҾʹ󷨰ɣүʹĵ

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𣺡үСӹȥ
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үߵҪȥʲô
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ĽȭӦһǣŻȳ˺Ȼ󴩹СȻǰ
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ЦЦŤǰͷ·̬ӯƺߵȻٶȴ죬ת۴Ժӣǰ
յģʲôҲûУĽŤͷ㡣
СѾˣ߰ɡ
ĽܸоڣȻߣ֮ûҴ򿪣üСȥĶˣ
С˵Ҫȥɽ
Ľ¶Цݣɽ
ǿȥɡ
Ľû˵һׯ԰ֱɽȥ
һ·û˵һֱͿģĽĽҲûûȤ
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ĽЦΪ죬ǰߣէ߳ʮףǰɫ֮һ䣬ΪһƬãã˿˿ʮָǰܿԶʲô
Ľۣ֮ǰһƬӰŤ˵Ļ棬޷壬֮ٴʧЧ
ɽйŹ֣Լ֮۲ˣСŲŲҲãίʵɵǳ
ǰ壬ȴߣһΣգֱȻԤͣס˱ǣͣסˣͣ
תͷ֣صĵӣҵĲߣߴˡ
Ľ󷨣
ͷţүԲµ󷨣ɱأߴ˺Σա
ĽЦЦ
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ÿһ춼вͬĲɽĴһܴ
ĽͷСҪ󷨶Ըݣ
֪ҡͷ
Ľٶʣͷ·ֹһӣǰȻһ䣬ʱããһ²ǰܼˡ
Ѿɽֻǿʯ϶ˣȴ绪һθӣţмһʯƲˣȻ
òӢֹѣٷ֮ȣŮϲֻǴʱ˫ֱĶ绪Ľ÷ơ

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ǰŤͷʣǺμҵݣ
ţǺݡͷ
ĽЦЦһƤңǵ񣡡
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Сûʡ
ĽЦ䲻֪СΣû


14 þ
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ݶʱֺ˼룬⼸ȥҲˣ绪ʲôǲҪ˹ƾƣ
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绪бĵǡǿ˵׼˹ƾƾ汾£
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ðǾԣЦǺǵĵ
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ƫƫǱûʲôӦȻסĶĿĽԽļɵ档
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ĽЦŵͷƮ˾ʯֻ绪ִӺݱ泯µʯϡ
ĽЦС㡣
绪̧ͷ糺죬˫ӯӯ紺ˮת˺޲§ú
Ľæһѹס

绪´Ľһۣüʣ㵽ʦ磿
ĽЦŵͷǡ
绪ףָָĺݣ𣿡
Ľû뵽赭д˿ԼĽ˵ԼĽþ˲ǡ
ĽӣС㣬Ҫһ԰ȫĻκδţɥ֮ա
ţҰţûܿ绪
Ľٶ˵ݷɣ֪ȷʵѨһģû˹ͷһ㡣
Ľ۶ϢƬ֮˫ֽӡƮд紵ת۹
绪վһ⣬۾ףȷʵʦľ磬ûһңʵԼǼһ˲õ
ĽȻ³һ
ХУĽ콵£ϣ˫ֽһӡִĴָüλãһ
ʱˣĽϥţ绪վţţ˾һ
Լһʱ䣬Ľͷڣͷɢ۳һƬƣʱԽԽ
ĽŰƱףԽԽףûһѪɫ绪ü쵽ĽȣҴҶʱ߻ħ֮ա
̧ȴͣס뵽ĽĶǧԲĴգգ
ʱȥ绪оһ껹ãĽԽ񻯣ԽԽǱεˡ
ȻΪڲͣˣѻдۣȼΪĴۣ绪ҡҡͷ
ʶ㣬֪Щ󣬴۸ȼԪΪۣȼΪˡ
飡Ľ㵹绪һ֣סûĺײʯͷ
绪˫ףðɣ

׸Ľ죬˫ʣ֪æһְֻģȥ
Ľֻˮע壬ѭžת۾һС죬Ȼص
΢һЩ˫ǿֱЦЦҲҪġ
绪ûʣʣι򣿡
ĽЦˡ
һ㲻ʣǧһβʣ͸֧ǱҪú
һονһҹصǰҪ÷Ѵ󹦷򣬲ȴûÿϧ˷ܲѡ
㣬绪Ϊѣߵջˣ
Ľȷʵջһʩչѻݾǿ徫񣬾㣬ȻҲ㣬ˮǴߡ
ԦǾҲ辫ݾͣûרޣѾԶһǿᣬʩչѻǰδѡ
һʩչѻǰͬΪϸϸܼ̰죬ǰʩչʱֻǾȡһζ䣬ܷһαС׼ס
˵ĴǱĶԶһ󣬴Сÿһʱļ䶼ţֻغϣңŪĿȫǣһļ޷
ĽݵĴԣھһκݵʱһ
μҲ˽ͨ͸Ҵ棬̵˽⣬ջ֮
ĽЦҲһȥдԦǾ
Եȡ绪
ɨһۺݣֵ˼ָȻһԾ˾ʯתʧա
ĽɨһܣһܱյĿռ䣬ȫо˵Ĵڣ֪һ㿴ء
Ƭ̺绪һСϻƮƮĽߣƮǶˡ
ĽһŤͷЦǡ
˴ʱ˴˵ëס

īֽԱˡ绪˵ϻӣһ⣬һ֧ʣһؼ㡣
ңīѾĥˣɢŶصζĽҡͷЦЦдīż㣬Ϸϵûʲô
ɡ绪ִģϢȪע룬һ
ĽЦЦóؼŵʯϣȻīɿд
ͣд绪һ˹Ϣһ߿дԦǾԴԴϵд˳
Ľûһֵ˼ԦǾԺﴧĦȣϲ
ԦǾһĲ㣬ǣǣһʦ֮һ
Ӻݵļ֪μΪԦǾΪμҵĶ书ժ֡
ժҲһʦѧԦǾ˵ɳΪʦѧ
һŴʦѧڼ˵أһξ޴绪ǼŮֵó谮ϾŮӣҪ˵ģμˣķٲʢһҲӦ
ԦǾӣܿдˡ
ĽŤͷС㣬ȫˣ׼ô
׾ǡ绪һ󱳣ʾҪҶע룬Ľľ塣
ĽҡҡͷΪȻ
绪ߵôˣ
ĽҡͷԦǾһ㻹Ҫˡ
⻰ʲô˼绪ü
ĽЦСˣ
ûУ绪ͷĺߵлϽ˵г
ĽСԦǾΪüɣĻС㽫¡
ҡҡͷû˵֮ѾȻҡ

š绪Ƭ̣ͷе
ĽһۺݣЦôã
߰ɣ绪ſ֣תߡ
ĽĶͬԴȻ΢ںһȴЧһָ˴
ľûһʣ࣬ҪָҪ绪İæȴʡȴ˴
绪ʦȪһʦپҲûãԽԽԣ뻯Ϊøܡ
ͬһķҶʦ磬侫ܻΪãһ
ƮƮ˾ʯ߼Ϸ԰ףһվȡ
Ľֻ֮棬Ϸ԰׽ûʲ֪㿴Ľʲô绪˵Ҳʡ
ĽĸߣֱסеϥڵϣеĲͣһʯͷܣеĻ˫ƣеĻ赹ڵء
ĽϸһۣϥڵϵӿȣȻʦӦôﵽʦ硣
ҲңʹСҲǲȻʦ໤Ҫ֪࣬ȴǸֲԼʿٲȡһʦȡһʦȡһʦˣ˫֮ʦǴ˵
μ˴壬ҲʦѣνʦɿɣȻΪһ
ﾹȻһҲֻҴŻݳޣλʦȻУɼ֮
ĽԽ޲òϳɻɽׯϼүʼѧϰ󷨡
һ·Ϸ첻ţʶʸͣ绪ûشҲǸ«ʲôҲ˵
Ϸ֮ĽĽֻҡͷЦ
Ϸɻʣ绪ȳһ䣬ԹԱ죬绪ȴľ˵
Ϸüɫ裬԰ȴüͷ壬õĵĽɫơ
绪ֻ˵Ѻݹ൹ˣٴμʱһȴû˵Ľѻ
֮ڿڣʹĸҲܶ˵

ص֮ĽҪ뿪ȴ绪ס
˲ԣ绪ȴڰ֣ʾˣϷɿĽֿ绪ҡͷ԰ɫĶĽһŲԸ˳ȥ
ĽЦС㣬ֿҪˣ
绪һۣ㻹ˣģ
ӻͳһֻƿ׸ĽȻתߵǰȡһᣬߵĽݸ
ĽȽӹƿ֪ǵҩǻָģ£ȻӹƵľᡣ
д֣
Ľ¶Цݣ绪ʲôҲû˵ڰ֣˵Ҫѧ󷨣
ǡĽͷ
绪Ҫȫעķ书úɣ
ĽЦҶ󷨺ܺ棬ʵѧ
ߣ㣡绪ʱŤͷߣˡ
ĽҡͷЦƢǡ˵㷭˶˵Ļᣬĵ
ĽܿصүСԺûүȻĵϢָ
ǴЦһεջίʵ޴ʵԦǾкμ书ķһԼһ㡣
μ˵ңܹżȻҲǸ̫ɢ˾񣬲רעԳɾޣ绪һء
ȻͬΪʦʵȴ࣬绪ŽᣬȴǾģԶʤ˵ǿᣬ󣬸ʤԦǾһȻѹ̧ͷ
˺μҵķĽ˺ڸ˵ܣĲҪȡҲû֪
ΣĽȴû˼ҪԼһ˴ʵ̫ѣԭ˰ٱ
ҪǿҪǿ򣬻ûǿѾˣѳͷ
ƾһ֮ѣ;
ĽǿʵԱܻصԼ磬Ǻúݶ£һ·ʡһ

μҲ¶ңڱҹȴһģбӣ绪ԲѣҲôֱˣ;绪ȴǸֵøģѵãԲŹ
ʱ֣үһԷڶϵСͤٱϦ£յúһ
үۺߵСӣʲôˣ
ĽϢ˰죬ֻϾתվָ񣬿Щġ
Ľҡҡͷû˵
Ǹȥ˰ɣүߵ
Ľү֪
ɽתˣ֪ܲүƲƲ죺СѾͷʹʲô
ѺһӳĽЦ
үߵҿô򵥰ɣƢãȴСϷ
ĽЦʲôģүСɡ
С쵹ͦϣүûĵҽ󷨣
Ľϲæ¿ӱȭлү
үڰ֣ţþҲ㣬
ĽЦӦˣ˷ܣܹһ֮
ԹʵʵںˮûкĳȥݳôĿԼ
ɳʦɱԼԼĻСǶһΪպε˵
˲ܹӵڶ쿪ʼĽүʼѧϰ󷨡
֮ǳɬĽйѧϰľѧϰʱ°빦š
ʱڶϵСͤҪһ˿дͬʱҪķϣ׼дһѡ

νɣҪ׼ˣҪϵϰ;ʹôޱȣһ˿Ҳ֮ѡ
׼ȷϵԽ׼Խǿʧ׼ȫ׷ѡ
Ľǿᣬһʩչѻ֮ľٴǿԻо΢ԼĲݾ׼ޱȣϣʹ죬ʮܹ׼ȷһΡ
үȻ¶ɫĽ̫ʵԾʣίʵˡ
ĽСͤﻭŲ죬Ťͷһȴ绪ӯӯСͤ
ƮĻ̌ͷЦС㡣
绪һϮѩѩѧˣ
ĽЦأڻСʲô£
绪ʱһûҲ
ĽǺЦСæˣν²ʲô˵ɣϴ
绪ߵѾŸףŭ
Ľô˵ģ
ô˵ô˵¡绪
ĽüͷҰɣ
绪һİɣѻ£˭Ҳߵģ
ĽһЦһ
绪ûȡЦ֪µأһ֪ѻĴڣĺӾ͵ͷˡ
ܺ޹˼ɵĸԼ˵ҲĪΣΪѵá
ĽƵ㲻˵һ䣬һθڣθ١
绪ڰ֣ôӣϼ޻һ¶ڷܲµõ
ĽЦү˰ɣ
绪ҡҡͷͣԲŻ
ĽЦЦͷԭˣﰲߵģ㲻ܡ
绪ɫһü

ĽЦ㲻װ֪ɣֻҪ֪һֱıˡ
ô죿绪ʡ
Ľҡҡͷûʲô취ˣֻܿôˡ
ͬġ绪
ĽЦЦû˵ιûʲô鷳ɣ
ţϡͿģ֪ʲôҺһڿûټˣ绪ĵ
Ľͷûɾͺá
ߣ뵽ӣ绪
ĽЦҪɱҵİɣô뿪
绪İɣ˸أȷˡ
Ľͷһˣȥ͸͸ȥɽתһת
ţȥɡ绪
ĽæԦǾԶ鼫󣬱˼μңȻ׽֡
ĽЦŴӦˣ绪ߵֻѧ󷨣书Ǹ
ĽЦЦүǹǺЦôйˣ
ġ绪Ц
үǺЦͷʲôɿģǼ٣ǿСӵİɣ
绪ûĵѽ޼ݣɱ𵢸
үİɣѧúܿ죬ѧᣬ˵书պεСӴˣ
š绪ͷȻ˵һˡ
үҡҡͷǾǿѾͷ
ĽЦүСȻ޺μңΪηҪǿȣСʵ̫
ߣΪҴ˶ʳ³ɣүһѾͷˣ˭̯ôأ
ĽʣϲС㣿
ߣǼһǸѪģϲ˭˭ùүѾͷˣ⻹ҪѾͷͷֻҪһ죬ͲѾͷί

ĽüͷһȻôᡭ
СұҴôˣƣүڰֵɴ۾ʡ
ĽЦҡҡͷû׷ʣ˼
үӻóСӣһһ鿴Ľˣүûܼס
Լ󲿷ǲʶģҪСӿȻѼǲǶġ
үۺͷСӣţãʮдʮ׼ұ㴫㲼֮
ĽЦлү
үڰ֣˵ϻȥɣĪ
ĽӦˣڵתҪͻֻ¿๦
ڵתȭЩƣҪʶ棬Ȼڣ̤ת
̤תڳ˶죬޹ֺϣʦˡ
һһǵⲻҪǿľҪ
˵񣬼ʹûҲܻΪʵֻܿ츳ʳΪʦǿޱܵã츳
ΪʵһٿҪﵽҲ֮ѣûдǻ۴
Ľת֮ˣʶֻأļᶨԶⳣˣҲ棬ȫҪǿľˣһҲ롣
ڶ죬Ľ󣬵ǰԺ绪һϮѩ׾װ覣һš
ˣ绪ڰ֣ȥɡ
Ҫȥɣ
绪֣ˣȥúϢɡ
һĽεĴӦת뿪ˣС䳡ֻʣĽ绪
ô֣Ľʡ
绪Ǹպεأ
ĽЦЦͷȥɽɣ뿴󷨣
һ¡绪ת¥ܿ컻һ˳ɽׯɽȥ


15 
绪Ҳ˵ܲԸ
ĽһֱЦеģУûйͷǺˣйѸŮһʵڲͳ
֧ˣʲôܵ¡
ڳĬУ˺ܿ쵽˿ɽ£Ļ̌ͷɽƲдУⰻȻ
ĽĻһ棬⼸һֱԺпʱէһĻ󳩣޲쳤Х
绪Ťͷ²ͣ˽ɽܿߵɽ̵Сɽһһ۵ס
绪վھʯϣ½ǣƮƮһԶʡ
Ľվߣŵ㣬ֻ綨
κ绪ڣĵգұȥˡ
ĽŤͷȥ
ҡ绪
ĽЦΪԦǾ
ţѾӦɣֳԦǾ绪
ĽüͷĻ
绪ҴӲ˵ٻ
ĽЦǹϲˡ
绪ҡҡͷ޻ϲ֮ɫȻ
Ľʲôǣ
ҵúܣҲȥ֣绪Ťͷӣôܲȥ
Ľҵúܣ
绪ߵ綷ʵڲ
ĽͷЦû˭Ϊһμǵճƣ
绪ûһۣμҵĹأ֮λ߾֮
ĽüͷһŮޣ
绪һҡҡͷŮܵ
ĽΨ߾֮СĲŻܸǹλӣ𣿡
ܡ绪ԥҡͷ
Ľһ
绪ߵҲֲͷϣμҾһŮ˵ң粻ɣб֧
Ľͷε̾

绪ûܣҲ׵ӣҲգ
ĽЦЦǼ˱㲻Լա
˵Щ绪ͷĵ
ĽεĵͷȻС㲻ȤǱˣӶӣĸֵΣ
ʺͣӦϧܲ˵㡣绪̾
Ľأ
绪ҡҡͷŻڣ̱ԶΪ
ĽôСִ֧ӵġ
ţ֪Ҫù绪ͷ
ĽЦǼ򵥣ȥӱǡ
绪ҡҡͷҲͽȥ
ĽɲСɣ
绪һۣ̾Ϣһ
ĽЦӱܣֱ棬ûʲô˵ģ˻ɽׯסǡ
绪б˵õף
Ľܲɱ˰ɣɱˣĹ
绪ЩĶţߣ㲻֪ˣֶεģʲôɵó
ĽЩʡ򣬻ȻԭСǶԴûģӣǲǣ
˵绪ɫ΢䡣
Ľ֪˵ˣҡҡͷõʧӼȻ˰æģ̫ġ
Ĵĺġ绪̾
Ľ΢Ц޵УǸӦûȥˡ
绪ҡҡͷһ磬һɱ˵ģʵڲǱ
Ľ룬С㣬ֻŶӡ
ҡ绪ɡ
ĽС㣬Ҳ㲻ɣμѧǿģС㣿

绪ߵһȥˣ
ĽЦһмڣܲöӺġ
绪ҡҡͷûĵŲܣͲǴһʣһ
ĽЦЦû˵Ӳֻм壬û˽飬ԼŮͲһõ
˾Ĭһ绪޼ɣѻûʲôΣհɣ
ĽҪ
绪üʣʲôۣ
ǰΪȼΪȥϸ룬ǿ۾ôһ
׷£ĽεĵʮԪˣûʲôġ
ʮԪ绪ɫ΢һ㵹Ǵ󷽣
Ľ֮˵ͳʲô򲻵Ҳʵڲ
ţˣ绪һŤͷ߰ɣ
ĽЦ˴羰ãβһٻȥ١
Ҷˣʲôãɽ绪
ô˵ȴûŲȻͬĽ˵ʮԪѹͷĽ°Ц
ѻȻѣʮԪ˵ûôһЩˡ
ô˵ѹͣǱ⣬Ѵ˵ԽʩչĻԽС˭ɵһЩԱʩչȻãԼʩչв
ѻ˵ԽʩչҲԽܷģŲ˼ɵ䱸ˣ˽΢
绪ȴû뵽һ㣬ֻĽΪԼίʵ̫䴫ԲһŻȥƿҩЩ
˲ʱ˵仰ʱ򾲾վԡĵ⣬ķ羰
֪е磬˶Щˣ뿪ɽ˿ɽߣй䡣
һ¿ɽĽȻһŤͷС㣿

绪ôˣ
Ľ̾Ǳ˶ˣ
š绪üĬһҡҡͷ
Ľ̾书ǿϾȱֱ֮Σ̲֪
ֻðǱͻһ㡣
绪ʲôˣ
ĽЦӦǸʦģǺμҵλ
ߣݺôĵӣ绪üߣҵҪ£
Ľɱҵġ
绪ζס룬һ˦ըһ𻨣ȽȽƣɢһɡͣ
Ľæһ绪ּС·ϺȻһߣݶС˫˷·Ϊһ壬ƺƵ
ĽϸʦȣȻףԶʦɱȡ
㣡绪
߱ȭιˡ
绪ȵǺģ
ߵҷ֮μҵӱ𡣡
ô˵ݲ֪绪
ҡҡͷӲ֪
ǺõúܣɱˣμҲ֪ˣ绪
¶Цݣ
ʦɱʦ˵ЦֻһȼȴԶˮϽʯˮҲ뺳ʯ
绪μҵĴС㣬ķϾʦѣ޷ʦԵУҡͷʧЦ


16 
Ļ̌ͷ˿ɢֿ̻ߵƶݣһüͷ϶ɽׯǱҲ˰š
绪ԭҲʱ˼£͹ˣƫƫһֱûȻ⡣
һѩĵŤͷ޼ɣְɣ
Ľͷתˮɱǿȭ
ȭȲ뾫ʤڽƫ棬дʦѧӰӣܹԦ
ѧأһߣԴʦԣʩչκ书ݣͶԴʦ£ãܹԦȭ˷ʤɣǿľ
ȭרΪĽ׼һ㣬Ψ㾫ǿߣпɹʤһʦѧ
Ľȴûףʹȭ󣬵Ӳʦǲһ㣬е쿪ѹƶ
תͷ绪ҧ촽ĿǿµμҴ壬һЩľѧ
뵽ˣμҵѧѱݵļ䣬μҵѧȻҲУѾ˽⡣
μļ壬Ȼ̲ܰεض𣬱Ϊ书ǿж
μҲԦǾһжԦǾϣԦǾǸ
ԦǾȴãȴһܹ߷Ǳһ
ĽЦһҡҡͷĲǵǹһʦսʦҲ롣
绪Ϻһٿһ»߸ǰһ̽
ҡҡͷιαˣϷֻ޼ɣع£
˵Żӭϡ
飡һף˫Ƹһֿ߱ըƽɫĸһ
ףȻЦЦȻμң

ĽվԭδǾһ㣬绪ҧź촽̽ƣ覰
ҡҡͷһưȥ
ûȫƮƮģĽȴܸоգһһ¶㣬ʱǵصĿ񹥡
˼άתƽ֮һɱﵡɵдŲƣСŲƣ
绪Ĵ뿪Ҳֻ绪ߣٲܴμˡ
дóԼ书ҪμҵбӣĪڶɽչؿޣһֱ¾
¼ûĺ£书ƾԼһ˱쳵⿪ЦҪд裬ʶɹɽ֮ʯԹ񣬶ʹ˶㣬Ҳһݺķ
˵ԭһ㣬ԼܹҵһĻɾʦпܴңصԼ븸ĸŮžۡ
·ѣ˵Ĺȴһݾǽƣܽμҽ棬˵ڶʱڱܻصԭ硣
β뿪μң绪жȻֲܣοĵ绪Ҳм˼
飡һУٴ˺һüɹЩѽ绪
ʵ֣Լ룬һʦѣһҲӲסģ¿ȴ·磬Ź֮ԼСμңΪҹݶĺŴ壬ǽң
绪ȵ޼ɣߣ
ĽæӦһССģ
ߣ绪źߣûĽ߳
Ľνűߣ߳ȥμׯķ򣬺ߺٺһЦһҪȥ׷ȴ绪ס
绪ṦʱҲǿᣬȺ߸ʤһǰȥ׷Ľ
Ľ״ٿһۣȴǳ˿ɽ
绪һɫٱ䣬ǰĽɽׯʱǴЦǷ̣Ľɱɫ
ɽѾ̹ˣһɽʱ֪УһͨĹȻ޼ƿʩǵű˳̾ñ
Ľɽܣһɻŭһվס

ը죬ĽֻѪڣֱιȥؼʱҧأѪڣǿǰ塣
٣Сߣ˦һڹ⣬˲׷Ľ
Ľֱ׼˦֮ѾΣգҽ͵һţбȥǡڹ⼴֮ʱ
ڹҼ֣顱һû˶ĽҲҪ׷ϣȴ绪ס
绪Ľ˽ȥ˼Ȧ⣬¶һ˿Цݣ˰ɣûҪˣ
ɫǺ죬˫Ż𣬽绪ٺٷЦιֶΣ
绪书ҲʦΪܹǣʦһսһҪ߷Ǳк󻼡
Ļ⣬һЩʱ绪˶һɱڣ鷳μҿɲǺǵġ
ǲˣĽѾ֣ҽȥѣĪ룬һʦ֣ȴɱһСӣʵڶҲûӣμңʹμҲסԼ
뵽ûЦһתߣⱼתۼʧ绪Ұ⡣
绪һת˿ɽһɽĽھʯϡ
ĽҴҶɫ԰ףüҪɣ
绪бһֱۣϥߣӻóһӨӨƿһ۴С裬ѩףươ
СͽһŰƿһףش
Ľᵽ㣬̾˿ҡҡͷһλ
绪ۣӾâת㲻йʦ֣ʦ࿹ģ
ĽЦǲ
绪ߵûƤͺúɣˡ
ĽͷȻлˣ
˵ϻ绪һۣٴۡ

ĽȻǲйɱﵣûõʵҲûʲôգӵó绪Ƿһ飡
ҡҡͷĲζʮ㣬ûԼܣǷʱ̫̣Ҫġ
绪ʼʱκ΢ӣѩһ˿ѪɫΪˡ
Ľæưģע롣
ֻ绪һ޵׶ɢǿע룬ֱӱߡ
ԼһӣĽͷڣӨת
ԴԴϵȻתٱ绪ɣһУԽԽӴ
Ľֱ֮˺ֻ羨һܾ֮ڷ˵
ιһ٣Ȼ͵һʧһĽľȫߣǿᣬ⡣
Ը̾绪ķİԵȻʲô·ȷʵǿʦ֮סʦؾΪķ
һ߰ԵϢһ߰Ծ裬ʱǹؼ˴ţ绪Ϊ
ǿɽ󷨰μׯˣ˽
ԼһʱѵϢãԲڣȪˮתھ绪Ҳѹ
ŤͷһĽˣȻԺҪ
ĽЦСʩչʲô
μҶе绪
Ľһ̾ɫֵܵסʦ
绪ƲƲ죺ðɣС̫ʹһʱˡ
Ťͷգԭ̻ѾɢȥԲμׯ˹ݵĵӷˣ
Ľүʦְɣ
š绪ͷ
ĽҡͷЦһɳʦμһƵң
绪Цһ£ɱ˸
ĽôˣæƿĿ⣬˪էȻ¶Ц˵Ķˣмҫۡ

绪һۣöˣΪ죺֪ɱ˭𣿡
Ľҡͷ
˵Ǹϵֶӡ绪
Ľüϵֶӣʦڰɣ
μҵ书ǿ̱ϾһЩʦ࣬а˴ϣʦΪ֮⻹аʦǺݵĻǼĻ
һٳʦ˵ĻҲ˳ǳҲԳˡ
һֶ˱ˣһ˶μΪǣЩϼһѪ飬ֻ棬˳嶯ǡ
绪Ц˵ֶʵ˽ӣ
ĽȻҡͷЦԼ˴󽱡
ݵļ䣬ݲ֪£绪֪ģȻμԼȻҴ壬Ӵô͵һԼҲ
ԼǴɽȻͶ̼ӵģ²顣
绪бҪСˣⳤϲɱˣݣ
Ľͷû뵽
绪ߵֻҪׯڣҲ
ĽЦܲһӲɣ
绪ƴ£ʦͲˣ
Ľ̾СҲǲ֪ѣ
绪ͷʮֻ꣬һ£ôܿܳΪʦ
ĽЦҡͷС̫߹ˣΪǿһЩǰתͣ漸תȫ๦ȡɵġ
һѣܿܳʦģ绪
Ľ̾˿лСȫ
ɲһĵҩطǳ绪˽֮ɼ
绪ֵЧޣؼǿȥűչذɣ
Ľͷʦִֻ֮֮ܽҲ͵ȡɡ
ǿᣬתٶǳҲ졣

վʯͷ˵һȻʼ˹һʦƳ֣Ϊ֮
ʱţϦѿɽһƬ졣
Ľ绪ʯϣأûμׯ˹ⲻС
Ľ̾С㣬μҵĵӲôɣ
ǵׯ⡣绪ߵ
ĽƬ̣СȥɣҲүǿģǲС
绪أ
ĽЦЦұǸҲҽ
绪һ£ϵĵͷҲãȨչҪúμҳԲ˶ߣ
˵뻳ͳһƿҩ׸ĽţͶ㾲ǣ
Ľͷû˵ǵлⱻѵ䡣
绪Ϊһʧ֣ĽھʯϣӭϦ죬Ⱥɽĺֹ֣¼ţԺ÷Ůת˼ݹȥ漴ǵ˼
ǳĽ˼ȴ֪ŮӡϬָ磬ȴܸо˴ˡ
ܿʰ˼ʼרעÿи֮⣬תŮ˼ͨ
һתȥָ˼ʼרע仯
֪УɫѾһ¹ߣ¹ϣΧֱԽ
ĽȻŲŤͷȴһϮīƮƮһһ߼ľϻ
΢Ц
ƮƮԾϾʯǰͣסľϻСġ
Ľͷˣׯ
ڿɽ֮ãΡ
μҵĸѾˣ

Ľף֣
ɫ䣬Ƴһۣߵ
֣μׯסˣСźȴȥļ١
Сջˣ˵ҲҪˣǵܴ裬Ѿ޼˺μҡ
Ľͷʦְɣ
ߣСô£ʡ
绪ȥʲôҲû˵ֻǰɢдһŷӥȥ֮󣬱ֱӻ˹¥һ仰˵
绪㣬ʹĸҲҶʣͲ޵ݣֻԼûܰиС㡣
ؼĽº棬˳
Ľҡҡͷμȷʵ󵨣ѣ
μҵ˸ɵģʡ
Ľͷһʦ֣СͦҲû˻
ҧųݣ
ĽҡҡͷԹңҵɱ˺μҵӣɱҵġ
ǽ°ɣüʡ
Ľ̾ɱһϵ˽ӡ
һ£պߵμ߯ˣμҵҲҶ
Ľμڣûμҷ۸С˰ɡ
ݺȴû
μׯ޹⣬ֲѣֺȴ˵Ļʵ̫ˡ
ĽȻذɡ
ߵ˿ɺϿڣʲôԵı˵͹
Ľ򿪷пͷϲģֵĲ˰ɣ
šͷˡ
ĽĿ뿪磬Ȼһɫ΢䡣
һķ磬ǰαزͷ¶βȻˣβ
ٺ٣СӺû飡ЦУ֡

ˣĽĿʼ³ҡͷЦλƵѽ
߽ʦΪһԼԲȴһνһʧˡ
ɻ˵ɽ˴ǾĴһϻС
ȴȻĹܹʵѲμׯ֪
٣򵥵úܣŸղСˣһЦеĵĽҡҡͷûƳСӻ㱾£
Ľ΢ЦλǰҪȡ泤ϵ˽ӱ𣿡
š߾ȵǺЦСӣ֪ûͦңμСİɣ
Ľͷǡ
ٺ٣μС㻹Ǻģ̾Ȼʰûӣҡͷ̾ɫҺеģнü֮磬ͷúţ
ĽҼСǷӣλǰһλ֣
ͷ·Цеĵ
һҪԾĽҡͷ΢ЦѾ֪İұһӡϡ
ӡǳױ˺ԡ
ֻǰһΣԼһԾȻһɽ£ȥԨĺڲס
һϾʦȻǰˣȴŲңһڿһۣʹָζʱɶأɽϡ
Ťͷȴͬ飬ü룬֪ĽİԣУԽп಻
Ҳǳģ֪һУıҲûã۾һжûЧãĳҴҳҲá
һСӽթȴûʲô⣬Ĭ֮ûͬ飬ǰֻççȺɽ
֪Ǻҹǰȴ峿ֻû̫죬Ƶ˺
ίʵˣ͵컻ˣ֮£ǲҪҶΪһ˻أʹҲҪ˿ͷ
һȻ쳤ХХ߿ơ

Х֮ȴûжһƬռţؼƺֻʣԼһûбˣģƺصСʱ򣬸ĸһҹ֮ȾֻʣԼһ˻ţ޿֪ôȥ
˼׷ӿͷԾãȻһʱ֮侹Ȼ֪ںδ
Ȼѹһưˮͷ£һ񣬴ʱ˸˼
󷨣զ಻ѣ㾳磬һѾüӲ޷
Ȼûﵽʦ漰֮ãˣȻǿ󼸷֣Ҳżᶨ
ľϣֻˮǴߣһѾǿ࣬һ޷
бţ˼־ҲǺȻ͵ϮҲ֪
һ亹ҿ˿û͵Ϯ
ĽھʯϣⰫֺߣҡҡͷȻʦ֣׵¡
ֿһߣݸߵΣ˫һ֪ǸթöԸ
ʱվڰʮ֮⣬ԭڣԾ֮ɻʱûлصԭλǷɳʮ֮⡣
֮߾ԼԭλʵˣԭλԽԽԶ
£ʮԶƾǵΪ׸ӦʱУʧȥЧãһûֶԷ
ĽãȻ뾯飬ԿɽԽ̾ǽ֮ȻʱĻƱһҲףҪӴһĪ֮ܵһ˵С֮
ߣʦΪŵѾһĸ֣ݺе֣ȴ޷֮
ҡҡͷϧԼûѧ꣬ǻ׶ζѣûĲ󣬷Լ֣󷨱仯ɱˡ

Ϣղ󷨣ȫɸɾһоӿͷ
Ƶֱӿȴˮһ㣬ˮֹʣȴɡ
ͣתķһ򲹳˴룬ǿᣬתޱȣһ죬Ѿʮ죬ظٶԶʤˡ
һ߶췢ХϧĽУǲ죬ûʲôֱӱˡ
ʵǽ֮ĴǽʱΧĿ𴦲ͬȻᴫ
УУʹʩչҲϱΧ
еĶ֣ƿĳӣֻҪζƿӣܵٿҲá
ϧĽûת֮ܣֻֻת治ãʦĸ˵Ȼ
߿ХãǻͻҲĽǵľҲδ𻵡
ǺХҴײ޹߾һϥڵϣΧı仯
ĽϢ³취ˣһɱˣ᲻ǵμμҿս
绪ӻãʱ绪λȣһ￪˺μңһûùӳԡ
ɱˣɹɱԼԼΪʵΣա
ǹһ˵£дŲѣ绪ߣֻӲƴ
˵˵ȥǲɱǣϾʦ֣һ˽ǣҪһսģ绪ˣñˣ
뵽ԼʹɱˣҲɱãΨһڷɵϣƿշɵһԡ
뵽ԥڸ첲ϵķɵٿһƿնȥȻڰĿλá
٣һȭ
Ϊʦ֣ȻУʧ׼Σյֱڣоɱԥĵһȭ

һȭʦֵʵԣȭͷһޱȵȭӡȭͷһ޶ײ˷ɵ
ֽͣУɵƿȭͷ谭䵽ϣϻٴη͡һ졣
ƺһɵѾ䴩ʧصĽϡ
ɫЩû뵽ƿȻѣҷɵУҲΪ
󷨿ɲ԰ЧԼͬЧɵĵľԶԼ롣
һ£ƾԼľֻзһʵһǲɣûлᷢڶˡ
ŷɵ¶ɫ˿ǻϴʦƲƿƿգԼδȫƿ֮ѽ
ջطɵ翪ʼԷˣ֮Ǳڶ绪ٴðɡ
ĽԹ˷ùվָ˾Ȼ£죬Խľ
ʦʦҲʱ̣Ҫֳרŵ֮侭ٶԶʤķ


17 ͷ
ķûר֮һ̶ȣȻ䣬˲Ծ֮١
˷ףȣЧԶͬն
ǰͷչ˺ͷȴѸ٣ǵʦ֮󣬽ʦûʲôѣˮɡ
ķȿ󻺣׺ѣߵʿѣʦ粻ףʦѣ׽ʦ纱ֺ֮ɼķ֮ؼ
Ҳ˵Զǿķ֮ѵȥҽ˾ֻͣǰתϣ绪Ҳɡ
ĽνǡʺķҲԵǳһķûס
ѾԶʤԭ磬ԶԼǿᣬת죬ƣԼĹվؼ
ϥھʯϣµգҹվס
Ȼʱֵ̫һƹߣĺʱתɾ
ʱԶʤƽʱһӵֵϰʱάʱ䲻ã̫ȫɢӡ
ɢ۾ߣǾԭأһĽܸо㣬ûӰ졣
ҡҡͷˣΪʦ֣Ǵûȫת绪߶󷨣ǿûôڡ
һ뵽绪ˣһ߼ľϻƮƮ䵽ǰ
һ紵ѩƮƮһȾĵԽѩ覣Ө
ĵĴɨһߣüߵô£
Ľ̾βˡ
绪һǺôĵӣû˰ɣ
ĽҡͷЦء
μңߣ绪ҧź촽Цһľϻô϶
ĽǶʦ֣Сδã

绪ݺߣɱˣ
ĽǺЦ绪бЦʲô
ĽЦСµȥ֣
绪ˮȴЩĽЦеĶӣӲȥһ㣬ȴڽϾ
ι绪һ˵ô죿
ĽЦ书һ
ݣ绪һǰۡ
ĽҡͷЦμҰļ󣬾£μǵİʯҪһ
أ绪ߵ
Ľǣ
ʹʹ˵գô绪һͷĵȵ
ĽԲĵɱˣ
ɱŨңʹٿݣɱԼҲ飬ɱԼһΣɱڶΡ
һڿɽԽסǣһοûô
ǿɾִˣ绪ҡͷΪȻĵһɱǣμҾ㾡ȫҲҪɱģ
ĽǱɣ
绪ϸƣ뿴Ӳ治£ǳӢۣǱѡ
Ľƽͣŭϲ˿ǳ
绪İһۣߵˣǣ
ĽСҪˣڣ
绪Цʲôʦ֣˶ˣ
Ľεĵͷ֪վ绪ǸֽϻĮ꣬ȴδúܡ
ǴģѪȴδ䣬ĴһϣЩ㣬ŮϷŵ㡣
㻹Ҫչ𣿡绪ʡ
Ľͷ󷨻֣ͦã
绪ߵ̫ƽӣԴ⣬һú˵
Ľҡͷ̾⣬̫ƻ

˵һı㲻ٶ˵Ľ΢˹Ϣ绪ߣеˡ
ˣȴھͷţҪǵͷҪȻǻСμң߾ߡ
û߶󷨣ȴҲûߣһֱĽߣһԷҲˣڶǡ
ĽһչأĶϢ֮һȻ֮
һ˶⣬û㣬Ȼˣãһ˲١
Ϧ£ϼ죬绪󷨣߷˳
ʱȻɫҰǴսһ
ûгԵĵҪгɣͨԼʳ廹ܳŵסؼûˮ
ˮմΪ͵ˣʹˣҲήĻ䣬ϱҪл
˼֮ʣȻĽ绪Ϊǻþ绪Цһ˲ѹ
ͦѽ绪Ťͷ
ĽЦеĵˣá
绪ߵӲСҴμҾô۸𣿣
߿ڣȭιǷ֮ܲˣð֮£
ɬ˻ȫһ˰㡣
绪ڲ˵⻰ô
ǸȻЦЦĿ⻺תĽرЦһ޼ɣֶΣ
Ľ΢ЦΪСһˣͶλݣ
ܣһûôˣ
ĽЦҾĿԴˣ
߰ڰ֣ʾⲻض˵ȭ绪ιǼȻϣҪɱҪ㣡

ӲĿᶨӹĽ绪ϣûĽ
ĽһСʵڲһμ໤һˣûô鷳
ɱѣֻһУ䵥ʱûһӣֵû̫˼
绪ںμҵϣҷǣ´Σߣ߰ɣ
ڰ֣ʾϽˡ
¸ɾ䣬ȻҪţنֱӷ˱ǡ
һЩ⣬û뵽绪ôʹ죬һ֮߱ȭлι
绪Ҫ߸Ͻߣنɱǣ
˲ٶ˵ȭ֮תߣʦҲģҹԲȣǸûֵˡ
ʧĽҡͷ̾˿ʵѵãȴ绪װ׷Źίʵϧ̾
绪бһۺߵɱǣƾ汾°ɣ书Ϊʦ˵
ĽЦŵͷ۾
ʦżһʱŨƽܽʡһʱ䣬֮ǿᣬתٶ죬ٶҲԶʤˡ
˱ڿɽʽչأ֪һ¹ȥѾʱȴòжϣμҶүԹˡ


18 ʦ
㹧վ绪ǰĽߣ绪üӨӲơ
˶ھʯϣĽ绪ţվţƮǣס
Ľ绪˳Ϧദһ£ƽʱżͣЪһЪ˵Щлμ˽Ķࡣ
С㲻ӣĽʡ
绪̾˿ѽ
ҡҡͷǸʡ͵ĵƣҲͷ
ͬеĵͷߵӽׯϷ԰׻γѵˣ
ƳһĽζ
Ľüͷ
绪أ
ү֪ء
Ϳô֪ͨ壡绪
һͷͷ˼ĵһʱˣ
绪ߵϽȥ壡
æͷת֮ŤС㣬㡭㲻ȥô
˵ڱչأܾţ绪ͷİڰ֡
㿴ֿĽεĵͷǺðɣȥ
ĽĿʧ֣̾С㣬һʱ㲻һ
ʦ˰ɣ绪ʡ
Ľͷǡ
绪ź촽Ǻãűչأʲôʱʦʲôʱأ
ĽЦЦͷ
幦ǿᣬޱȵĸһ˳ˮɣνһǧ
绪Ϊ츳֪Ľ幦֣ǵǷ켫塣
µľ֣츳ټϺĿֻԵŴ߶ȣ츳ķϣΪ֣ȱһɣ츳ɣʹķҲǳɾޡ

ԼʻãСҩϼķĳɾͣʮΪʦȻС
޼ɸʵ츳֮ºУһ˫ͷͻ֮Ȼһɳ첻ɶֹ˵ȥԺˡ
׿֮ǰΰ޼Ҳˣ֮ͣ߰裬֪ʲôΨΪʦ˼ɡ
Ľû绪ʩչ֪һƬģؼʱȷʵ˷ģǳʦΪ
˾ʱٴηɿȥɽȻ룬Ҳ
ҲͷɽϵĹϹ֮Գ伢һһЩƾ֮
Ľۣ֪֮ΣֻרעȫעĴ߶ٶ硣
ԭľ㹻֧ʦֻľ̶ȣҪ򣬻ǿᣬٶǳʮԭҲǿ칦
峿ĽڵϢ֮ʣȻһߣϥһ
绪оλһʪȼðŨ̡
ʱţԽԽŨȫɣֻܿһŹ̡
绪ҡͷЦ޼ɻǽ죬ӣǼƽ֮ףҪʦˣ
ͬԼʦϿ꣬ȴֲ£˼ʺޣ
һХֱԽা졣
绪һ£ɫ΢䣬ֻӴӿ罭纣ƽƳһ⣬޿ɿܡ
һΪһСĽ壬漴һɫԲس֣ĽС
ĽۣɫԲȥƮʯϣ΢ЦС㣬ҳˣ
绪ߵϲˣ
ĽǺЦСҲ˰ɣ
һأ绪ûĵڻǳˣӺɷüˣ˰ɣ
ĽǺЦӡ

ȷʵˬһֱ绪ѹ棬ʼվòڣΪʦֱܹͦˡ
绪Ц춼ˣ죬һ£
ĽЦŴӦС㣬һ֮ɣ
ң绪ʡ
ĽƵģ΢Цһ˹
绪һۣۿʼ˹
˵ķһ޶ھϣҪǰתʱ䶼档
Ľô˳ʦΪʵʱ٣绪ȴͬ
ĸͲȵ֮ʦʦѡ
ķ죬֮Ҫϣʿʦ㹻Ҫһǳɣ;ˣĸְæҲá
Ľİ֮ͬķһõǾ񣬰ƶٶȶȻǿʮ
绪һ̹ȻĽæƶҰ񱼣֮У̼
ĽΪôΪʦףΪã츳תٶȣٶȣһֵϳʮ꣡
զ࣬̾Լãоôһλ˵ʦҪĲԣľʣΪʦˣ
˺ƶתչı岻һͣˮʯ֮
Ȼ壬ѭһ죬ٴķת
룬ɫͬһϣһϣһ۱ֱܿ
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ͬһķȻ죬ȴࡣ

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ξü绪ɫ˼䣬պǺЦСãȻţ
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20 
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ǺǡϷҡͷѣЦǼ
ޣһἵ԰׺޺޵
Ϸɵʾͼʰɣûʲôˣúˣ
Ȼᳬ԰׵
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ļһ԰һͷܿ֡
ϷЦﶼС£ҪЭҪҲӺɷ򣡡
԰׵һۣҲ̣
Ϸεҡҡͷðɺðɣ˵úùɣ

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Ľͷи棬ҸоΣա
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绪üë룺ô죿ܲһֱŲɣҪȥģ
ĽΪԤһүȲһ󷨰ɣȻ̽̽·һ򲻹ͻ
ţ绪ͷ
Ľ룬С㣬һ봫㡣
ң绪Ȼһۣ޼ԽԽÿˣһһ
ⶫɲ书Զϵ֮ѧܴУϲõڶ֪
޼ɵãֹһţ֪Ļ⣬Ҫúòһˡ
Ľ޹书Ϊء
˵绪
ĽЦСѧ˵ؾ죬ֻԺһǡ
绪һ£Է˴֪룿
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ſ԰˦Ľ绪
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үԶ΢ЦҡҡͷֽǱߡ
Ľ֣صջʳָ绪û뵽绪ҲǸ츳ߣǿ䲻ԼԶӣȴԶʤˡ
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ĽЦΣ
绪һ£תȻԺｫ˹ȥһԡ
ĽˣȻţ
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绪¶ЦݣúãȻ
û˵ô룬Ľȴֻ֪ǿű˴˲˵ʱ¶Цݣüȥһ̬֮
Ľ԰ǱߵĶһòˣڵҹƣӲҪˡ
磿绪ʱ
ĽȻģ̽һ̽ǰ·ɣʦֶǳصġ
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ĽЦˣһׯӣǳҲ̫Զ
һЦ¶Ӱϧë
ߣɲ绪
ĽͷջҪֵģҲ뱩¶ʦݣΣ
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绪ףÿ˶иܣŪһֿԣֻҪ⣬һֻ۱һֻá

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ʱѾãĽ绪һԱ߳ԷЩһҰȻȴ硣
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үǸϸãҲǲ֪ɽׯһ¹򣬿ɽĴҿǻ˺üꡣ
绪æ壬ô󣬼򵥲һǣ
үҡҡͷСҲô׵ģǻҾҪ죬á
Ĳˣ绪ʧĵ
үҡͷɲɡ
Ľүôѻ
šү۾һ˫۾ѽСӣһԣʲôأ
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Ľƶţү̾磬֣ѣ˵ܹ󷨡
绪ٶ˵ųԷĬĬү˼·
Լһյʱ䣬үһĴȣˣת󣡡
Ļ̌ͷֻӴû漰󷨷棬֣ȴС
ԭ࣬ȴݻ
Ĵ󣬵Уݻ磬ȴָԲͬʱߵ·ҲͬĻ°빦
ү²ǺЦ޼ɣһɣǲˣ
ĽͷүԸǣ
ү֣Ľү绪м£ţүķԸ
үӻͳһСӣǵĽѧȫүʱָһһָʮ

үǺЦСӣܲܲɾȫˣȫҵתĸ֣Ҳȫˣ
ĽʮЩ԰ա
үʣ̫ɽǰܲܳɣ
Ľҡҡͷֻԡ
үߵһҪ֮ǰдɣҪȻ벼ֻˣ
ĽЦЦͷ
绪ڰ֣˶˿ˣֻˣ绪ү壬ɾˣ̫ǿ
үǺЦЦֿĽЦݹŹ֡
绪üһۣƽ⣬һ۾Ϳ͸Цʾ˼ŭȴֲܷӦ̫Գ
ĽһֱʮַԺһһֳһһġҪһǳɡ
ԼһӵĹĽͷԡ
үһԾǰгһСľϻһԾĽǰ֮Ǽؼ㣬һ֧ʡ
ĽĿⱻֻɫıɫıʺƺתŹ⻪չ⻪ڱʼ⡣
Ľü֧ͬʱеϢԭìܣȴһ֧ϣȻһֻʡ
СӣҵĸζСĵүΪСĵʣ·һ֧⡣
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үһʣܹĽ֣ߵǻʱΪβܳɹ
Ľܹһ
үߵһһǾһ㣬оǲ׼ȷƣʵھרע׼ȷƿԭ򣬸Ǿ񲻼ã
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үһĵֻһ֧
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ĽεĵͷǣڣҲҲڣ
ߣͺãүĵͷ
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绪ǣٸһ֧ǣϽöɣ
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үûʶСӣֽҪľͷѪƣúܣ
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үĵ˵󷨵ĿҶ٣󷨣ûǮ󷨣ЩκһǼֵǣ
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үߵСӣҪȻΪβ㲼󣬻ɣѪҲܰԼŪ
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ãү̾Ȼţ
Ľ΢΢һЦ۾һ֮ٴۣϱڿ黮£ҧ˴ĴָʼһȻڽƲϡ


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һдַһصϢ·εɽѹѡ
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绪ûѧ󷨣Ҳԣ֪мѣү󣬴ûһ˳
ȻעУĽʩΪʼֱָѪһǳɻʮַ
үüЦ̾ѣĽɫȴЩ԰ףһԺ𼫴γ֮ɾ׳ԼĽǿᣬֲס
绪üĽ㲻Ҫɣ
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ĽҪۣȻתͷ򶫱ߣƬ̺ƥƿĺҰС
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ģ绪³֡

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绪Ͳˣ
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ξҡҡͷЦһȻתߵҲЪ£ĪϣҸط
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ĺɫԽԽأ콥Ұ
ĽϢƬ̺ү߹ǺЦˣƽˣ
绪Ҫ˵ԺдĽ˽Уôݾߣ
绪üҲԺ˵һ͵Ϯô죿
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绪εĵͷǴӦˣ̧ͷ壬ǲС
šүۣҪ
绪һΪ˿ƣǰղ֮Ч
ѽүεĵͷߵĹ˼٣
壬ͷһ绪΢Ц
үߵ֪ˣһﵽжˣ֣
绪ҡҡͷȻһʦڣܸо
үͷãһСĵģߣ
á绪΢Ц
үɨһĽߵСӸ㣬Īʰˣ
үڵĽ䱦ʧġ
绪ɨһĽЦһµͷĽԺ̾Ϣһûзԡ
ۣ֮һĶãֱһΣٽܷ֣ҹٺʲȻүȻˣԼҲسǿһЩǡ
ץʱϢָʮĵľίʵ޴󣬱սҹֲүܲ󷨣һǻѣ׼ȷһԻʮţߣ̫ľ֧Ųס
ǱߣξҲһѻ𣬾ſĽ֮۴˼£ʱξ˵ʱξȻͬɫ£˫۾˸Ĺâ
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绪ΪᣬǷʲô£绪ԣϲ˿̱ĶԴһˡ
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Ľܹ֮ƺڰ˴ϿϢǱӯǱۣо

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ӵ£Լ绪绪һүϥһҹɫΪһ塣
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ϢһʱΧ˻ûзĽ̾˵Ϣ֮
ԭһƬ̣Ŀ⻺תǵĿƺǲ书ͨˣͨ˸
ĿĸӦʦĸֶУԭĸָ
һйɱٸϢҲûá
ȴصõβ©ʹĿתҲⲻҪϢķľΪ
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ֺͣȻһ绪ٿһƽߣܹͷµơ
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˶ʱүõ绪õһһҼлˣһһּĽİûܿס
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˷·Ҷӿĺϡ

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ĽüһֺϻĹ򣬶Ϊߣѷ绪үһ
ү˵еΪߣϾʮĴиķһܼ
绪ΪҲһߣȻᣬķ֮ҲȻոսʦǸһߡ
ĽѾͲСӦʮˣΪϧ绪һĽ
ֹ˰У绪ԽԽȴЩã·֮ԽԽǿ֧Ųס
ĽȴüͷоΣգһΧμǶΧһȦ
ξƵĹ˫⿴֣·磬ûгֵ˼
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绪һ£ҡҡͷξæʵ᲻棬аסˡ
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绪Ӧһϼӽ߳壬аɣ
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ءǰ˫͵һƣХУһɾը绪ǿƥ
˲үһеĹ绪
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үߡһɫǺ죬Ƹղˣŭ£˫Ȧ绪Ķһ޶
˸ԻȦһεȥԽԽۿ˱Ҫܣûл֮
ξҡҡͷмЦݣƺЦ˲Ľüͷø־Σա
ܸһΣոоǱڰĶߣղһίʵҺү־鲻ᣬδץסᣬѾˡ
绪תƮƮ˵԰ϷǿĿѣԣƣ޲ԼҲˡ
ү뷢ţɫŭɫղίʵЩһֱרע˶֣Ҳض֣Ըղδץסᣬ߳ŭ޲һˡ
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ߴӦһƮսȦ
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ĪϼУʱݲݣҡҡ׹ĽæһСģˣ󣡡
绪ˣת󷽣ֻ˴ԾѾ˽ǰεѾ


22 ǿԮ
ɫ䣬˫պƣƤһ˳ƽӴƮƮ˼
Ľǰ֪ͨ͵ϮܰȻ£ʹ˵Ĺ֮Զϣûʲôˣ˼ժֶھĲݼɼߡ
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һĸˣϮ绪Ϯүүûˣûӹ㣬ˡ
Īϣүˣϱ˵סԷᣬ绪Ʈүߡ
ģүؿվȺһѪ߷ˣ
˺Ȼ֣һƺģүܣȴδȫܿһưýʵʵ
Ѫɫ԰ףȻأھһʱûд󰭡
壡绪סү
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绪ʹ˸ɫ绪ŤͷȥĿ⴩нսļĽϡ
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ξĪԽԽãۼűҪ𣬴ŭ˽ȥȣһһƮƮһĳ
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ȻҴѧϾֻʦһȥֲһƷֳ
һҲ˵ģĪϻһ

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ξ׷һߴȵģ۸μͷϣǣ
磬ɽ绪ûĺȵ
˵˶ܵɽĪϰ˳߱ξ׷ĺ绪ӭĺˡ
绪ĺȽս
飡飡飡飡绪˫ӭˣը졣
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˳ȥڿ³һѪͬʱһһžޱȵע绪ڡ
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Ľ绪Ժ𣺡С㣬Īսˣ
ηɳԶϷɾһɱȥҪĽǰһأ顱һء

ֵܣҪɣϷæǰ
ĽվЦҡҡͷԼǳ治ףȻװˣֻװס
ߣȥɽ
ϷɵĿһԶ绪ǱߣսˣһкξˣξкĪϺˡ
Ľ˼ԶȻͣסϷɴߴ٣ҡҡͷһߴսȦΡ
ξǲ򵥣ʹڴ߶طѪڣܱͷ侲鶯绪û
绪ܿ쿿Ľһȥ绪һҲˣԽңѹĽİ缰ʱ֧꣬ȥ
Ϸɴߴ£Ľˣ绪ͬʱһϷһȴû
ξĪϳǣҲսˣ˵ñ绪죬·ȴһʱ֮亳
绪ӭս˶·磬Զ˺Ȳʲѣүü绪ʱɨĽ
绪Щ˽֣֪绪Ҳ֧Ųôãδط
Ͼսʦ䴿ȴǰȥĽɡ
ĽȻתͷһЦүҡҡͷԼ²Ȼ޼ɰ£ز֪Լο໵£治֪Ūʲô飡
˿Σü룬޼ɣ
ĽӦһٸ绪һϷɵߣ
ϷƮƮת嵽үߣүˣҪһ֮
ĽͷүŤͷϷɵСӣһߣ
Ϸɵүֵܵˡ
үһۣһȥ
ҡͷǸɵСӣģȴǸʵĵĺ¶ЩɫôܸСӶ

ĽЦ֣ҵ˲أ£
ҲҪСġϷɹеĵ
үŭһ۾һɣٲҿҪˣ
Ϸε˺һүӻͳһƵӣԼаƴСӨ͸ƺȪʡ
ϥϣ˲õ˫ƺʮļŰƣĽϥ˫䱳ġ
үɫԽԽףĽֻһֻδ͵һүڡ
Է࣬һ¸ֻʩչƵѭķת󾫴繯δֳߡ
ܶʼ繯һγɣϱߣĽٷĶãȫȫʩչתٶȴ
ת۹Ľ˶ʮΣһ繯֮ǿĳٿһʧ
һۣ֮ΧȻ仯ȥïɭ֣ɽҲΪƣʱתٴλصɽ߿ɽ
ף󷨳ˣæүС
Ѿˣү۾ߵ
Ľһû˰ɣ
ˣүߵСӲ
оĽ뾫һδ߶󷨣ȫĽ֧ţΪˣתûĽ󷨡
ĽЦЦһתһתͣĲͬʱɨܡ
үǶݽɽƣǴ֪߷
ĽͷƬ̺ǰȻ绪Ϸ԰ǳ֣绪
Ľɫ΢䣬æ绪үСһơ
үڰ֣һƶѣˡ
֪绪лףһⲻĽü绪ԺҪġ
Ľ治Ҫ
ţлڣ˴󲿷绪
ĽһǶأ
Ҫ㲻Ҫɣ
֪Ľǹװˣ󷨿ɲǸ
Ľ¶΢ЦԵҪ

˵ĵڣүȥѾգ
Ʋһ죬绪绪ڰ֣δӦһת뿪ˡ
ԿɽĲü죬ɽƣѲסҪȥξίʵԸ
Ϊ绪ĸ绪ξĶԹҸͬܣĲ޲˲źá
绪ֻܲεĻȥ˺һξǳ绪ǰ
ξ˼ʶ㣬һ֪УͣסԭصϢֻ绪ȣ˽绪ԣûԼ
طЧȥһŵҩھɫȴ°ȻǺǣСˣ
绪ˣܸ˰ɣ
ξЦǺǣһοǱɱ֣֮СڽӰգ
绪һлˣǷһ
Ǻǣ˵˵ξСӣЦõֿҴ۽磬ʦȻʦ
绪ƲһĪϣҰˡ
ͬΪμҵӣ绪ʦүСף֮Ůһ㣬۲Ÿ
ξʦ˴ԶɼμŮ֮
ĻҲȲ绪ܹʦǵһˡ
ξɫһߵһﵽʲôˣӲС
绪Ǽң壬㲻Ҫɣ
үҡͷϹͷˣǶϢ˵գ
ԣúĥĥξͬ⡣
˶ϥ绪үΧڵУĽϷߣǡ绪һ࣬Χܿ찲

Ľ绪˵˲֪
ĽʣμвٳУ
ţҲǰҡ绪ش
Ľʣ绪ŵμһֱͣǼĳУԽԽݡ
Ľʣڴˣ
绪ǰĶԹһֱô£Ҳ
Ľٶ˵˿ʼϢ
ĽԺطǰĴ򶷣˼Ŷս֮飬书ͬԵ֮ҲͬԵоḻⷴ
磬ԭľ裬һһһһʽȴͬˡ
ıϰȴףҪһһԺģ⣬ʵս飬ȱıʵս
ڶ峿ƣΧֻде֣Ƿ׷Ľɨһ绪
ǡ绪ĿһֿĽѾָҩϱ׻壬ҵӲҵӡ
绪תûĽ䵽үϣ壬ɺһЩˣ
ţָ߰˳ɡүͷ۾Ŀɨˣ̾˿ܳˡ
绪ôã
үҡҡͷûʲô취ʦ֣ḻǲִٶɣޣֻסǣ˲á
绪üͷǿʦлʦˣ󷨵Ҫʱۣһ۵ԽԽǿ
ξҲ߹ߣŪһ٣֪ܲܲ˭ɣ
绪ҵˡ
֪ǰҵģξҡͷΪȻĵ˵ǹء
밲Ҫ绪һۣŤͷ壬ȥɣ
үҡͷֵðգ߰ɡ
壡ξԸĽе
ү۾һɣСӆȥԼȥĪû
ξε̾ǣıǣ

ʰȻһһ뿪УɽԶȥֻ˴վɽһǵ
˺ǺЦǺɵҲԽ
үǵôʲôʱѽϷе
ɡүһۡ
ʲô˲𣬽סѣʵڲ㱾£ԼΪԶţ
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㲻֪绪
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ԭǸξȻЦеĵСãƷζǶأǺǡ
ЦĿɨĽ绪
绪ҡҡͷö˵Ťͷ޼ɣǿһ
ǡĽӦһ³ξ
ξҲ׷ϣЦпԶȥ΢۾°ͣ˼Ľݣ绪߾ʲôɫ
룬޼书ͦĵģؼʱСãɫϲСãǺԵأ
֣Ϸɣ
Ϸ¿ЦȴûʲôЦеĵкηԸ
㣬޼Ǻξ۾ʵ
ϷһЦֵôСоȵģͦһˡ
ξ°ͣ΢ЦԭǾţֲá

ϷЦֵܵ˶ӣ
ߣǸģôɵξڰ֡
ϷͷٺЦǣӣҪȥ׷С
ȥȥɣøӣξû
ϷҲЦеĴȥ׷Զ԰״һݡ׷ȥҳƮξ
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ξҡͷʲôӾʲôūţﹷ
΢ЦӲظһʶ
ξЦŰڰ֣ǵǣҲøǼƽϣĪϣοˣ
ĪЦҡͷûж˵
Ľ绪ۣ˵ﶼ񿥣ʾμҵĲƴ֣ƽ˼ҾһҲôһƥܳ
ʮ⣬ŻĽǲģӦû
ûʲôգ绪治ɫ
Ľüͷһ绪ѾŸף˹ܿԮ֡
üĽʡ
绪Ǿڸֻϡ
ĽȻͷμһ֮أ˵˵
˵ĹԶﱼڶĽüͷһ绪ǣ
绪ЦŵͷԭһֱʱһЦȻԡ
ת۵˽ǰԶԶ㱧ȭС㣡
ĽߣԼʮ̫꣬Ѩ߹ģǲСʯӣ˫۵䣬ˡ
ȴ˾Ȼķ죬Ѫ˸ʵĳ
绪ȭϣ³ϣˡ
˱ȭЦҡͷЦǺǣС㲻ؿΪСЧͣǵĸ֣
绪ָָĽ޼ɣϣ³ϣǼճϣλ硣
ĽЦűȭ񣬲ƽƽ档

ȴд󣬱ȭûĽĵϸ绪ģԶһܡ
˵ճϣңڣϾԵãǵ
Ľ֪νճϣʦ֣Ȼ㹻ĹѫΪճ֮μһӣ꣬һжμӦƽʲôظɣָֻͿɣңڡ
绪ǿ쵽˰ɣ
ЦϷǰѩǵСݡ
ã߰ɡ绪ͷ
˺ܿξ³ϣɫ˱䣬漴ǺǴЦ׽
ȴٴɫôξξȴǺֻתƣ˿ûжӵģ
ĽԾ棬û뵽ճţ


23 
ճϵĵλߣҲûԶˣϵ֮
ĽȻЩڴˣ֪Լܲճϣʦ֣ҵԦǾ漴ҡҡͷǲܣʱ̫̣һ͡
ܿǵһСǣּˣԲˣʮʦ֣ճϡ
ĽĪϣ˽Ҳϣ
ξҲУмˣĽҡͷѣ绪
绪Цߣз֮Ȩ߸ϣȻҪֺˣ
ĽȻճϣ
绪ճ뱾ճȨһ󣬼żӣϹż
ĽȻû뵽ճ˴Ȩѵճβ󲻵
μңϣ£ʲô绪Ȼ
֣ȻĽͷ̾һƶȣμҺγˣ
ȥֻĬĬ·˵ָо绪ԣȤ
ǡʱ洫ξĴЦмλڣЩСգͲ
ξˬʣʵںϲ
绪Ʋһϸ崽ǣһĲΪȻ
ĽЦӺֶΣ
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ĽüͷһͶȥһѯĿ⡣
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Ľ̾¶ο֮⣬绪ߵܻôҲЩϵշȻͼˣ
Ľͷμҵļҷ翪ΪմȴѹȨ𣬺ȫ

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Ľǲû󷨵İɣ
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ĽҡͷҲ󷨡
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绪ֱӵ壬һ󷨣Ʒ
үɫһ࣬ü룬ߵ󷨵ķУɲô
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ĽЦүҲɣҸˡ
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Ľģܾ´úܣʲô࣬ûѵ¡
Ľε̾Ȼˣ԰ɡ
үӻͳǱӣ˼ҳͣס͵Ľǰָһҳַ
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үͷ̾ν֮ǴƣٽһƱԼ󣬽֮󣬿ԲΧӰ죬һ㡣
Ľһҳϵַ֮һ㣬ͬһ֣еĽһĻеʮͬն
ǰַѣԣֻĴЩַһֵʮҪһǳɻַ

Ľһүֲ˵ɣΪַǼסҲǼޱ£үǲȫģַһǳɵĻꡣ
һܹɣʵ̫ѣǰʮԼˣ᲻̫ΥԼ͵ԭ
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Сӣ㻹ûô֪ɣٷϻϽģүûĵɴ۾
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˵׼绪ҡͷ
үٺЦз磬Ҫ˶ȥôݵ֣Ҳһˣ
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үһ֣ĽĻ˵ңѾͷҲ֪ʦģ
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Ľüε̾ԼүðɣֻһԣүҪӦܣ
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ϥϣľϻóɫķʣϸ̺ý𲯣绪ЦһЦۿʼϢ

ĽԺģ⣬ַһһǰѵһģ˽ٱ飬֮ʼڶٵǰŪٿʼһ˺һʱ䡣
۾һ绪үȵĵţûдߴ٣µĽʲôС
ùԼһӹĽֶʼִĴָһ㣬ĴָʱƿһӣӿѪʼѩһֱڽߣһӶ͡
Ȼʼ뿪𲯣һʳָʳָðѪȾ˱ʼ⣬ʼڽߡ
һŸһţ绪ŵĶĽÿһַɫһ֣㷣Ťͷү
ղүַǷڿ񣬶ҷǳ
үĿмԹүٺЦһ£ûָָĽʾ˵š
Ľһǳɣַɺɫ԰׵һѪɫҲޣǷһ׷ۣ͸ɫ
绪һֱģ±ʣæǰסô
ĽǿЦЦá
˵ˣϢɣ绪
ˣĪķŭ˵û
ĽͷүЦүҲ˰ɣ
үһŽ𲯣̾ĵͷСӣȷʵ˻ˣúϢɣ
Ľͷٶ˵ʼۣһӡһĻΪ
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绪ĵ壬ô˵ѽư۵ã

Ѿͷԩˣүڰ֣ĶŽ𲯣ҡͷ̾Ϣҿɴûˣ뵽汻Сӻأ
𣿡绪ʡ
ٺ٣ѣү̧ͷٺЦͻƵʦѲѣ
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İɣүûĵ֤û˴
绪תߣǣ֣߳߳ʮԶԾݳ۶ȥүСģҡͷ̾˿
绪ܿתԶԶǣ߽֣Ľһү
ϥĽߣүүȫУû
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ţҲүͷ
ĽüүţʹƽҲûãûƽ⣬ѾˣУûʲô֮
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˵ղ绪˵ֱŽļ򣺡СӺľѪƣúôţ
绪ֿһĽƴǣ뻳ðɣҾˣ߰ɣ׷ȥ
Ľҡͷں濴
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еүͷѣŤͷѾͷСӵİɣǵһȡ
绪ĬȻƬ̣ͷ
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ĽȴܣϹȻһֱûˣԭ֣ѧϹϣмϣ
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ǰĿµһµһ֣֮Լǰޣúۡ
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˼У绪ĳĬУƥȻڵǰǰԶǵӰӡ
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ĽЦЦΧ˲డ
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ĽǺЦЦû˵֪绪Щ

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˽Ÿ·Ľ·ߣ绪ȴͬ⣬һĸ·ߣǹˣһ¿û

֪УٽϦգʱ䵽ɽ£ϼ죬ӳõɫ
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绪ҡҡͷṦ죬ȴֻһʱû;ãṦһΣգܵýƣ֣
ĽȻسǣ˰͵μңṦ·
˵ղ绪˵תͷߣ绪죬Ľֻθں档
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ĽûڣүӦԣ磡
绪һۣߣô˵ҸƵģ
ĽǺЦûз


24 
˽˳ǣ˸ջȻ˰ƥͻμңμǱҹҴ壬һİտ֪ܲЩջ¥ˣϢͨȻ֪
ջƹһƵЦظ֤ӣһ͵μңǷġ
Ľۣʩչ˶͸˼ȷʵûģΪƥμҵı־ʹҲû˸
֮ʩչṦƮƮȥ绪ṦѣԭûȫĽϣ棬˾Ǻġ
ĽɣӿٶȣԽԽ죬Ľܸϣԣ磬ʩչȫˡ
ĽṦʤһĹǿ书ˣṦѷ¡
ĽѧľӰһ㣬ʤ绪һСŲ
ԽԽ죬绪ٶȲȻץסѩЦҴСһ̰ɣ
绪һȴĽ߬첲μӿ죬Ϊһ̣ǰɿȥ
绪ֻǰ￪ʼŤģ˺ΪһƬŤĹӰ嵽ʲôˡ
˹ۣӦܿˣʦ֣ǿķ类ˡ
ŤͷĽģṦͷһμʶίʵ˾档
ĽЦҵṦ㲻ûṦ类μɱˣ
绪ͷǵǡ
μұμ΢һ߶ȴһɽ޷ֵӳμ׷ɱȻй֮Ṧġ
ôõṦҲѹӳμҵ׷ɱ
绪ûṦÿ˶ܣ뱻֪ҪŪԾˡ
˵⼸仰ĹѾǰ·̣ɼٶ֮졣

Ľٶټӿ죬һյʱ䣬Ѿ׷үǣȻȻŻٶȣĽɿͣ½Ų
֬ɿ֮ƺմŵ㣬мζζ
绪ƺûע֣ƮƮǰүߣϵȻƮƮ
үԶԶĽһۣĿУƿ䵽ĽУ͸żЦ⡣
ĽҡͷЦЦ
绪Юŵ㵽˽ǰ߰ɣ
Ľû˹ȴ˵ԼйأŻǨŭԼ
ĽƮƮǰ绪ں뿪˹ٵԱߵȻԾңҼӡ
ٶԽԽ죬绪ָϣĽٿ󣬶Ȼӿٶȡ
绪һ£Ľ㲻ȥȫƾĽ˹Լֵ͵
ߵֱߣתһɽ£²ͣߣһɽ
˲վɽۣȥ죬ʹΪ֮һ
ȺççԲԣееǳ棬Ľܹŵ
ҪһЩ·ǷӦĽ
绪ߵ׷
ôٶȣ׷Ҳܡ
Ľҡҡͷ̾סؿھǣһЩطҪġ
ţ⵹Ҳǡ绪ͷ漴ߵѾĹװ磬ϲģ
ĽЦЦҡҡͷ
绪װ̫򵥣Ϥ֮һ۱ܿƣǵֻۣҪģܿơ
ǰңӴ˵ܲ²ؿ֪̫ܡ
绪бһۣǺðɣϽߣ

Ϊ̣ɽۣɽƽԭȥмһӣˮУ׿Ҫɴȥ
ɽ˺ӱֱ߲̤ͣź漲У̤ڷӿĺˮϣƽء
ӱһЩŶۣ׷׺ȣ˷ܣλߣ񹦵ȴ֮١
绪ĽţоŽµЦЦò˼飬Ṧɴﲻ̶ȡ
Ľ²ͣ۹⣬ת̤ӣ˶һСǣֱӹǽȻΪ㣬Ⱥд磬ߵĻֱߣ˹ˣǽǽԽݣת۹㴩Сǡ
绪Цеĵôɣ
ĽȻٶȴԽԽƣܹǣֻܸ죬ÿǵŸٶȣ
绪ͷѾŸˣ
ߵֱߣ죬ٶȱȸӷٶȸ죬˵˾˵Ṧô·ͷһΡ
ĽҡҡͷСߵҵǻۣ˵ûбԼġ
Ị̃ת˲ţǼʹˣҲݣΪԶʤĽ
ֻܱй¶ݣĽҲʩչİ绪òΣ̫â¶йһֱ£һΣգʹ绪㿪ɣֺá
绪Цеĵ޼ɣ㲻ô
㱼ۼʹΪʦҲѳ־ãĽȻһһ죬档
Ľҡҡͷá
õʩչṦֱһ˺ѼԦЩϾԼͣԦʹĽǿᣬЩȴɵĺһ㡣
ֱӼԦЩ߶ṦķṦķԴԭκһף˶˿š
ȡṦķֻ֮ʺѭתʹٶȼ죬ȴʩչ
ֱӼԦԵڵģģʩչṦ֮һת

˺ַܿһСǣȻһƬ֣ӹ֮͸߿ɽ岢ֱֱţֱգɽ֮һϿȣûϿȺѷôɽ
Ľüûɽȥϣֱʵɽ壬ɽ嶸Գ˼ѣȴѲסһȽȽϣʱɽһ㣬ٴƮ
绪ΪβϿȣҪնϣţǴɽʱʡ
Ľҡҡͷ̫ܿΪ
绪Ц̫Сˡ
ǡڴʱĽɫ΢䣬κȻסɽȻʮӣˡ
Ľû뵽ʮ꾹ܹԼۣ֮Ψһܣ󷨣
γһΣɽסɽֶָȴ󣬲ʮɷԲʮռסˡ
绪ɫ΢䣬üϳ
ĽҡͷɴɱҲŹ
绪ЦһøңǷˣ
Ľ߰ɣ
ζĺˣʯͷֱֱ׹ȥʮһæ׷±
ĽڿһƽƽһɣܿİȻƮȻ֡
ү˰ɣĽŤͷʡ
һ£׳˺ϱֵдУ˿ûпݽ֮Ȼ
š绪ͷ
Ľ룬ҡͷǲ󷨣Ǵȥ
ô죿绪ü
ûҪƿ󷨸ܡ
Ľֻٻһˣϧûүıֽ
ؼĲǱʣֽûĽ𲯣ķ𣬶֧ʾܼġ

ֽʣѽ绪ͳһСϻӣЦеݹ
ĽȻֽӹ򿪺ϷУĽʱЦûү㡣
绪͵͵ҵģ͸ˣ˵Ҳûãõϣ
ĽЦ棺үǿ
ǱĪҪˣ绪
ĽȻͷ䱦ɲһӵõģҲΨμҴѼõ
ĽʣٻһͼǰȻصİմö࣡
ھҪƣ绪Χ
ĽЦȻһеߵ󣡡
˵հںý𲯣Ȼʼһָ⣬һӶͻٶȼ죬ת۹
ܣȻһǰöȻ齣罣һ㡣
ΧȻһ£ڳϵһ´漴ָ
Ľ¶ЦݣڻǼ󷨣绪ԣ֪еľ˴
ĽǷүöΣ֪ܲãû뵽һ֮£ȻЧ
װеߵγɣ˿ʱֻ᲻Ծıܿ῿Ȼֲˡ
󷨣ĽŶԷҲʹУҲҪ߲Żᷢеߵ
ſʼ̫񣬻֮ɫٴβ԰ף绪ֱüԾЩ
ĽݸȻһ仰˵ֱӱĿϢվУŬָ
绪ĬĬ뻳Ҳ۾촽
ʱɿţʮ꾭ΣƺǣȴܲߣԾıܿ


25 
üǣÿߵЩӾ磬ʮΪδʦ֮һˣˡ
촽ŭ̫ȥ֮ҪúҰˣܲ
ŤͷĽЦȥׯϣвŭ֮֮ƣɭϡ
ҡҡͷƾһˣϧ֪ʲôʲôأһܡ
Խ棬ȴҪ棬ʧȥֱ̫׼ðһԡ
һҡͷ̾Ϣһ˰һֱһô壡
Уʱ䲻ͣţĽٿһۣûüĿ⣬Ŀײ֪ΪЩң͵סһ㣬Ī飬æĿ𴦡
ɺˣȷˡ
ĽЦЦûдˣˡ
š绪ͷҲ߰ɣ
áĽȻһɿһƬ糴ӣ
绪Ҳվ뿪£Ľһһ뻳֮ų
Ʈҵɽ£ɽ罣ֱ˷ҡϣƬȽȽƮڿżһɽڣܿƮɽ
壬Ծ絽˽ǰϱֿˮʯͷͷԲվԭؿһۣĽɫ΢΢һ¡
绪ڿ羰ʵһֱעɫŤͷĽЦһҡҡͷ
ôˣ绪ʡ
Ľ̾˿ǻ
绪üһۣûʣ˳Ŀȥʮ˸վ俴ǡ
ĽҹΣ뿴֮ʲô󷨣ܹסԼۣ֮ǰޱȵ󷨡

ۣ֮ĽонĿռ䣬ܹסǿΪ֮ۻǿǿһЩܿ󷨡
ֱŲɣͻȴһĪչ֪
֮Ϊ˹վһֱţͻڵĲΣҲ֪
ʮ˸껺ΰΧĽ绪ûǡ
˶࣬Ͼûʦ֮ѹв绪һ£ǷѶš
Ľڴܣ֮۸ǷֱһֻͻԿţʱ˳
տһü룬żȻһһСʯӺХȥ±һᲱ
ͣСʯӴ谭ʧ
žžУһȻ֣ƿվƮƮЦǺǡȻμҵӣ
ѩϵһѳѹӣߣһˣ¸ɸɾûѪɱ
ϣ绪ɫ΢䣬ߵ
걧ȭһ֣Цιþòɸʤ
绪ǰһƵңˣ
ҡͷ̾ϢŪˣû뵽ǾȻҪߵһ
绪ЦͲ˰գ
ҡͷ̾ια˵Щ˵ĻΣﻹף
Ľ΢۾꣬һ˿βмɴ
׹ǰΣֱ֮ͣķ棬뿪ԽԶԽã
绪Ц˵ЩϻΣ
ȡ˹걯ҡҡͷЦҶɽΥ
ô˵ҪɱҲˣ绪
껺ͷ鱯ˡ
绪ЦʣŤ̬ˣŻ

̾ϢҲףʹΥ˼ҲɱˣҪģϣܹʹһЩʹ࣡
绪Ȼˣǻʲôգ
ɻʲôδԸĳɣ
Ҳ˵Ҫֱ㶯֣绪
ĽȻڣС㣬λǡ
绪ŤͷϣҰһľţ
Ľüһţ
绪޼ɣǴ򲻹Ҫûˣϧ㡭
Ľһ֣Сγԣ򲻴ùҪ˲֪ӵ󷨼
΢ЦͨһЦˣ
Ľ֪õʲô󷨣
ޱ̫󡣡Цλǡ
ƣ˿ûɱ죬ɱ˵ģ˵ĸо졣
ĽıҲ죬˿ûŭɫ󷨣绪üֱܲͷ
¾򶨷ǳǸȻĿĽʵû뵽ҾȻλŹɱԼԼĽҹݶ֪Ҽƫƫ
Ľŵͷޱ̫󣬺󷨣
һ۷ˣûʲôǫĵ֮ܣԲι
Ľĵ㣿
ϵҽңΪֻܴӦιĴڣʵǽң
Ľͷ֮Ӻ棬ָӦǷŴֱҲõ
һ۰ϣǵ绪֮ѸӦһĸӦˡ
˵μаҵļϸҴﳣΪ棬μаҵļϸδûμҵļϸ

λ̨մǫ͵ıȭЦʡ
绪޼ɣ
ԭμҵմӣϧϧϻͷ΢ЦҲͨ󷨰ɣ
Ľ΢Цͨһ㾫ͨ
֪ԸҰң΢ЦҰҲǼӢţѷμң
ĽЦЦҡҡͷлӺ⡣
ϧιҲɱҲɱ²ʮ֮˾ţ˳ģ̾Ϣһҡҡͷϵεʡ
˿˿ֱ͸ģĽ˼֡
һתͷĺ⣬üǴʦ
²ѧǳδܽʦҡͷʣȴһˮıˮ⵴
ĽŤͷ绪Ժⰲֻþˣ
绪ҲԺ˵ţųһˣΪǽҪʲôϽʹɣһ￴ģֱ˭ݣ
Ľüͷֱͣ棬֮Σ
˫ֽӡնʱһ£ƺѹΧѹ֣
һ˲ѣעĻΪǴĽȴѾʩչ˴׼ƴ
绪ԽԽӨףƺɣʴ˼Ʈݣƿնȥӡ
϶ųһ仯εƺںϣʧΨһڿС
ĽüݣⰲϹȻеľ뵶Уƺڲͣǿһľޣ񽥽꣬ԽԽǿɢĺԽԽʢ
绪Ƶ˫ƺǰժֵʽ˫ǱŨ
ϺȻ̧ͷһЦָһЦιһ̰գ
Ϊһɫƥչ£绪ȥƮ䣬ȴһǰǵصƣݶ

绪ҪǰһĽѾǰһģһ죬б䣬ǡĽҼ£֮塣
Ľһɫ΢䣬ŵͣɽȻ
绪
ĽҡҡͷԣӹȻ
յ˺һḧҡͷЦúãȻֵҳ֣μҵȷʵ
Ľ˴ˣ
ϺƵЦιһǴкһɲˣ
绪Ц˭飬ֹǣ¹˭֣
ǺǣҾϲĺǾͽӵɣЦе˵һ䣬ɫһһն¡
ء˿Х
Ľһ͵һƳǿȭʵʰӿײϳ
ڿеһ£һȥȴ䣬ԳĽնһǰƺš
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ٴεһ¡
Ľʩչ˴һʦ磬ûܳԽʦʦϾʦʦĲ𣬸ĽȻͬ
ˣѾ˵ǾţϾʦҲǴʦΪĽȴࡣ
˵൱ϵĵƺһ˿ʦӰӣһ㣬Ϊǿ
ĽʩչʽȭԲȫ³䵽ͷĽٴһġ
һ֣ʹȴһɾǰһ°ϣ⧲
Ͼ鼫ᣬһ㷢Ҫ׹ȴϴһǿҪײĵ
ϵ崫Ȼ෴

£߱ס߿壬޷ˣ°֮Ҳм
ϺһһŤΪӰתͬʱ˵ϵһƬƬĽ
Ľһ°һţһлü
ܿâͬʱһȭ
һϵĶһ٣ת֮ƴƣȻĽ
ĽĻÿһƶ׼ȷеȴ޷ƣֻܼơ
ϵޱȣȻĽ֣࣬Ƽ죬ÿһžޱȵĵ⣬ɽʵʣĽѾ˴ʦžֻҪپȥ̫ãܽʦ
ִ֮Ǵʦ֮Ժһ뵽´ϲ
ϲܿѹ£֮ǱסһʤһԽսԽ£ҺԽԽƺвϾ֮ơ
ôȥ˵ⰲϴŴܹͻƵʦʱԼûлĻˡ
Ժתһһͷת۹Ѿٸͷ׽סһͷ
ȻһͣۼŶܲû뵽绪ʱһǰƵһġ
죬һߣɫ࣬ü
ϻһժ֣Ȼμҵľѧ
ֻһɾޱȵײȴ˿û֮ƣֱе׳Լ
֪μҵժ־ѧˣժֵĿ²ھķ֮ժժǣǿţ衣
ܼժֵľܹ֮ģ£ķȴμҵĲ֮أժֵİķϡ
ժķҲʲô˶ʩչģ˵Ǽôôأ
²⣬ȴͣͣժ

ǲ֪绪ԦǾժϣԼĶعժķͬȴͬ
Ľûһ˰һĳϺһŤڿײ
顱һ죬Ľ˺һϸ˺ü绪ʱҲƮƮĹƵƶˣ絸
Գǰ
Сڳϣ˺ɫǺ죬ȻЦһúãҴˣСλ
绪һԲĳһƣƮƮ˵Ľ
ҧ˺һܿƣؿڵ£ºȻһع漴ȥָ糣Ѿһ˰㣬ƺǴһȦ
һҡͷιܱʹʵĳߺðɣ
ذѵһףȰһ绪ָ罣绪ġ
绪ӦĽȴһһһָġ
žһ죬Ľ˺һɫǺ졣
ֻұ飬֪Ҽȴ֪޷ʹ붯Ҳܡ
ָ绪ʹô
Ťͷ¸Ӳƴ
Ľͷȭһȭӿƺһڷ˹ȥΣȭǣ
һҲǾﵽ۷֮Ȼѿȭʩչ쾡£һȭȥȻϡ
һЦָȭȥ
ףȻȭ羹ȻٿһŤƹָײؿڣ̫ȻӦ
飡һ죬ϵƮ
ĻΪǿᣬĽһȭȻʵȴжȥ߷֣ķִȥֱһ֡

Ȼˣȴˣŭ֮ŤͷĽһȭѹһֱΪôŪ޷ԼģèϷһ㣬ڿԼˣ̫һЩ
ĽһȭЧһȭƺڿзڣ˲䵽˰ǰ
ϽһȰһ绪绪Ϊƣʹܹƹ绪ȭҲҪȥ󲿷֡
绪Ѿ͸һÿλãĽȭͨȻһĳժָһ
һȭһƲĹѪӿһʱ֮䲻ȫʵҪϢֻܡ
ĽʱҼָ֪֪ϻ鷳ˣǿᣬܳûѹסƱת
ȭһȭӿȭڱƣͣŰҪ
ɫ΢䣬ɲĽЩĽǴʦдʦӰӡ
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ȻˣҲ˴ʦž̫ҲͻƣȻһС
ɱڣҲҪɱˣһͻ˴ʦɱԼ޵ֿ֮
ȴûдʦ֮󣬴ʦһǳȻ֮Ҵ塣
һ޼ͻ˴ʦǰҿҪùΪԼҲΪ˰ңҪɱ
ɱڣҪɱĽɱ绪Ҫɱ绪Ҳûʲôˣɱ޼ɣȴ
ŤͷĽĿƣͬʱ¼ߣͣĶľŬϢ
Ľֻ΢΢ը麮֪ǼΣյףģȫ䱸
飡һ죬ջǵϢָһ㣬ɢһȭһ㣬ٴƿ

ޱȣʹָ׶ȭ侫ȴδܵסһ±ɢˡ
Ľֻһ𣬺һԴ΢ʹȴܣ֪Ϊȭϵľ񱻻ɢ֮ʡ
ȭȷʵһã֣ȭһЩ书ĲھĲΡ
ȭϵͣһȭ£Ȼжȥ߰˷ֵȫޡ
ԼǴʦһȭȥٱ׾һȭҲֱܲӻᱻɣԭǲͬġ
ǰУʱֲңȴˡ
ϺȻһָңңָĽ
Ľëһٿһܿû뵽һָת䣬ûٱܿȻ


26 鸮
֮ʣָѽһ֧׶ƿ谭մ̵ϣī֭䵽ˮӼͷӵӡ
תСϪϽӣϳˢҰ壬ͬʱʩչСŲơ
ʹΣʱ̣δʧ侲ԲŵƣСŲƽƳһߣǸṦ
ۣһѪͬʱڶָ
ָһָĽƿսûʱͣͣĽǰһߣǡָܿ
飡һȻըΪһŷĩƮ漴һϯȥʧ١
ָ绪ҧ޺³֣ӶӲӣƱˡ
ۣһѪ첻ʵĵĽ
绪һѩףѪɫһ±ȥĳһƣĽȻ
ָΪ죬ƴת繯ϳˢȴȥ飬Ӷá
Χ缴ˮأٿ绪ѩ׵ص飬ѪĽ̾˿ƴ
İһ绪ߣҡͷ߰ɣ
绪ź촽ҡҡͷŭĵŰϣ˫ִСᵽؿڣһӡ
˫ֻΧ֮仯ǽأ̳ɱӡɣظоȻʧϢо
Ǳһ³ߣ˫ּ䣬˫С羫£ɵƷþˣȴɢɽƣʵʰѹΧ
ĽԽԽ֪밲һ͸֧Ǳʩչһ
ʹʹ죬ȴ鷳ԪˣָҪҪѰʹࡣ
绪ˣֹȻϲòˣƮƮģ繯ע룬Ұ顣
绪һ޴УһĽƴ޾ˮ
ע绪ڣһ㾡ȫ

绪һƺһ˫ּۣ漴һơ
Ľ绪ּĿһţΪһӣǰײϡ
ۣһѪһָ
飡һը죬ˮйĽ绪ײɣֱֱײɽ£ɽȥ
ĽҰԲܶһ绪㵽ǰһ뻳ƮƮ׹
绪һ࣬޷Ӱ׵ûһ˿Ѫɫ˫˸⣬Դ˷뼤С
ڰУĽƺȻһƣƽƽƣɽײȥٴһġ
飡ʯ̦һƬŷ嶥ȽȽƮȥ
ȫ㾡绪ڣ֮ϻָһЩȻЩʩչṦ
˰գҰȥ飬ָ糣
ƮƮɽۣɽͺͺģǱɨʯӣɣʯͷǿСݣʧɸɾһ
ʮ˸˲Ҳ˰ϣĽüɨȥҡҡͷˣ
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Ľȥ֮˰ѰϳˣΪʦμҾҪùΰ񣬼Ϊʦ֮в̫󣡡
绪ü˶Ȼ
ǰһֱΪΪμҵĽһ˵һ׹μҵȻܼɵɱԼˣؼԼʦʦԽᣬԽпܽʦ
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ӢӦһɻĽһۣĽЦףֻЦһǰ·
żȸ߳Ŷּվ治ԾСУŶԼжʮףɼǽ֮ȣơ
˳ǶȺӳӼŸζ
Ľųζеըζее֬
ΧһŵС̯ϣСԣȺһԷĽһ֪ܶΪ˸Žǣû緹˳ٽġ
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֨ԱһСźȻ򿪣̽һԴǸ꣬ʮ꣬һӢٺЦӢ磬㣿
ӣС㣡Ӣ
һתͷĽֿ绪룬æСţȭ񣺡С㣡
绪ӣţ
֣ɴĴӦһתȥ

֨֨֨֨Ż򿪣绪̤żĽ˴š
ţСŸС㣬Ҫȥͨô
ţȥɡ绪ڰ֡
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Դ̤ҹǣ绪䣬绻һˣĽܸоеѹ
Ľҡҡͷ֪˵棬Щ»ҪԼԡ
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СԺһƬ񺣣죬·ȻɶѣĻΪ֮һ
ãĽϲ̾ѡ
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ü֪ǻ᲻鷳
ĽЦλʦٴ鷳ʲô
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˵Ĺ洫ŲǴЦСãСã


27 
лһˣΣ΢ϵԲٺŨü͸Ӣ
绪ǰЦСˣ
绪΢Цųӣ磡
ŤͷҴ磬磬޼ɡ
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Ľȭ񣺡ӡ
γϣ绪Сã㵹ûò
绪ͷţû˹ţڣܺãȥ衣
˵˳ȥֻʣĽγ
γЦСöֵܺŷֵܶศСá
Ľ΢ЦӿˣСо֮СӦ
γͷСõǺһ·ƽɣ
ĽҡͷЦ龭˵һ飬ǰϣݺݿһͨʾͻƳΪʦ֮ס
γɫŨü£Σ˫۾۱Ũ
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ĽҡҡͷӣҿⰲδμҴУܳڳˣҲ
γͷã
绪ϲյȲ衣
γɫ˻ӹյЦСãһ·̫ˣίʵⲻȥ
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绪¶Ц
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γǺЦ˼˼Сòֵ
һŮϵЦݱ񻨶ţȫһˣЦݻ˼ֺ


28 ѩ
ĽŮһۣ򢣬ĵĴۣ֮ʣ԰Ρ
ȷʵѵһ˶ֲγߵҲѹ绪ģһŮʾǽۣˣˣ
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һһҵС̯ԵõģСƷһЩ챦廨ţò֡
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ЩĽŶһҲû

绪վڲԣۿϺУĽҲϺһܹߡ
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޼ɣҲܰȻ绪
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ĽȻ绪ѩʦ΢ЦСĸڼҾʿ𷨾տΪϺлָ㡣

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绪ŷƺһˣһĽ˵ﻰأȻȥš
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Ŷص书𣿡绪ʣ룬ͷרŵɮǹ
ûбģĽĵʡ
绪ҡͷûķ书ˣǹȷʵϳ˾ѧ


29 
Ľͷλѩʦصڲͬ˵ʲô⣬óȻ˵ơ
˵һѩʦһЦеĵСʩիѾˡ
æ绪Сͤһ̶ĽЦʦ޼ɱˡ
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Ľüͷҵпɵͨԭ亱Ũܲͬ
绪ѩʦܿ˲ĽŰæһˣһ½ˬزˡ
³Թ֮ȴԣζȴѷζĽδԹóԵի
Ľֽؾѩʦ̹ȻûʲôؾֻˣһȻγζ
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һСŮţĸĸУСŮŤͷѵŮǰ

ǰͷƥһԾշɹСŮͷܹƥΪͻأԾۼҪ̤ȥ
˾Уеı۾ҿеȴ绪˳ȥһỊ̫̃ԶƴʩչṦ֮ʣȴͣ³
ﺮɭɭɱݺᣬ޲һưЩçײ뽾ᣬϷʵڸ
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ӰһĽСŮ·Ե͵ׯϣ绪߳һβͣƥϵȥ
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绪㡭Բָ
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Ľզ಻ѣû뵽绪ôһ棬ɼЩ˷ߺ֮
ղԼСŮȻûǸ첲Ҳء


30 ҥ
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ѩʦȻ޼㶮𷨣
νмһֱ֪ûУ仰ƽƽȴʲô˶˵óִţ£֮ͨ˵
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ķԭķ𷨲࣬ƣвͬע޳֣̫עڵķֱ
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ĽЦ
ѩʦͷѵ
Ľ֣Ϊѣ벻գ࣬λǡ
ѩʦ΢Цνգνɫ
ĽЦŽһǰѧıѧתԷ𷨾мνͨ͡
Է𷨵ѵ˼ĲΣ飬ѩʦüɫ裬ơ
ιѩʦǺЦϺۣ޼ɣߣǽݺȲ˵
ͷߣĽЦŷ³ͷһȥ˵СԺСͤ
ѩʦȡһС¯ͤߣȪˮˮȻĽ棬̸۷𷨡
ǾϣҪȫͨǻۣĽ͸֮գٿ𷨣ݽ겣ָƣܴﵽ㾳硣

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ĽЦŴʦիҲҪ߶ţ
ٺòѩʦϲЦ޼ɸۣϺǺôĻԵ
зѣܽ⣬Ľ飬һһЩѣѩʦһϯʤʮ֮
ĽЦʦˣʦΪԶԶģǴʦ
ѩʦҡͷЦϺв书
ĽüͷһЦҿʦΪĪ⣬Ӧûɣ
ѩʦЦϺ޵Ƿ֮书Ҳ
ĽӺ棺ĪǷͨ
ѩʦЦ𣺡˵˵
Ľ̾˿ʦʲô˵ģǷŵ֮ˣûʲôϡ
ѩʦֻܼҡͷ΢Ц
Ľһۣҡҡͷٶ˵ˣ̸˷ڷ֮Ȼ絶жʽһ˵֮Ҳ峩Ȥ
˳Թȹ裬Ľ뿪ٶൢˣܴѩʦԵ
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ջԺӣֵСͤŵ绪ͤһ鿴֡
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ҿˣ绪飬ʵ
Ľͷ龭˵һ飬绪ɫһôĵӣ
ĽЦں޲ǧǣС㻹ˣһҪɱģ
ϵ˰ɣ绪б
ĽͷǣһҪֵģû뵽ôˡ
Ҳʧˣû뵽ôĵӡ绪ҡͷ
ĽЦӼҲҧء

˵򣬽ŲһŮĽһЦ㣬ǻˣ
ߡһۣϲյ
ĽЦӣ绪ЦԹǶԻأ
ĽЦǵѣĪҪ黳
бҿɲң޼㱾´ǿɱȲϣ
ĽҡͷЦЦԩˣС⣬ܲ
㡪绪һۡ
ĽЦСͳ˰գ
⣬ôƵˣ绪ƲƲ졣
ϿȥĿ⽥ùŹ֣绪Щܲס㣬ٷϻϽæȥ
뿪ĽɫʣүûΣհɣ
ţû鷳绪ͷü𣺡˵ˣȷʵڼ顣
ĽЦСͺã̫ģ¸
绪촽һͷ
಻ɳӵģĽȰ˼ΣͷˣĽȴ֪òʧһϲ췴
Ľڰңôţ
ûᡣ绪ҡҡͷ
ĽüͷμûѰϵвûԼĻϡ
绪ҪԼ֣ȥѰˣ
ĽҡͷЦӦڱչأԼǰҵˣҲɶλ໤һʧ
绪һô죿
ĽƬֻ̣ܸҵ鷳ˡ
˵˵绪æ
Ľɢҥԣ˵ϵһţһλʦнʦķš
š绪ȻҡͷûŰɣ
ĽЦ˱н˼ġ
绪ͷ԰ɡ


31 ն
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Ľһʮˮڽ˽ˣȻ˻صѩʦСԺСͤ¡
޼ɣ㻹šѩʦŪͤߵ¯ӣѾ˻𣬿ʼˮ׼衣
ĽЦʦϰŵ
ǳҵӣܽߣϰҿѩµطѩʦҡͷ
Ľ
ѩʦҡͷ̾ǽɣϲΥģ޼ɣذ׷˼ˣ
ĽЦϧϧ
ѩʦиԵҿ޼죬֮;гɾͣطǾڷ𷨡
ĽЦŵͷȴʧ֮ɫ
ѩʦʵطμҵѧǿ·Ӳͬˣ޼ѧӰХˡ
һ̸ֱ۷𷨣ѩʦҲĽ־ѧ׷󼫸ߣѧ֮
Ľ̾ұ뿴ŵطϧŶ룬ʦطǺεԽһɣ
⵹һ˵ѩʦͷЦвܣϰطӡˡ
ĽüͷһȻһӡһˣ
СͤĿΪˮһ㣬һȦ漴Χһι
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ԶʤǰԵмãҲûԵôˡ
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ĽףҡͷЦҲƤë
ѩʦ΢Цв޵زȻѵá

Ľջûܴѩʦͳʲôֻεķأѩʦ˵õɮֱӾʩչѻˡ
˳ǣһ·ûҵˣΪ죬Ѳλ幫ӷˣʵڲš
¾òνɽ¥ѲǱǰƽæʩչṦϻθ
صСԺû绪Щһǳʲô£֮۹ơ
֮֮Чô˸ۿۣΪҪǿľųɣֻʩչվ
ÿ춼ǿľֻ־ٶȣʹ֮ݺ޼ɡ
֮£һСԺо绪ĴڣСԺﻹϷ԰׻㡣
ƮƮСԺϵСԺէһ̤ȥоһɷŭϢȼյĻ档
ȥ԰ߣں׷ϣ԰ף嶯
԰׿һԲֻߡ
㿴Ľæе޼ɣס
Ľס԰׵·㣬ôˣ
㽿ˣҪȥ
ÿ԰ĽĿС
ĽӭĿ⣬ҡͷЦҪȥ
ϵĽǰס԰ף㻹ӲǲǣСѾˣ
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㣬ܴùҵĸ𣿡
򲻹ҲҪܲô԰Ӳĵ
ЦϷѾˣҲⲻǳ
԰ҧҧ˫ŭܡ
Ľüʣ㣬ô£ôˣ
ҧűĺ촽Ϸҵĸִˣδ
Ҹ֣Ľüͷø

ףҵĸִ˾ǱԼģôȥϷɣѲɷҪμҵĴս
ֻԼֻ˽˶𣬹μ뷶Ҳ̫ǣ浽ˣɲ˽ˣ
Ϸɱ޹ǣǶ˵ߣμұȻݣμҵϺδ棬õаȫУȫŷ
ߣܿݣսң绪ǰɫˮһ
ĽҲ
Ľû⣬ߵǰϷɣֻֽٶǳĽüǰһࡣ
Ƭ̺Ťͷ绪С㣬ûд˰ɣ
ţǱסˡ绪
Ľɫҡͷסˣ˺˺󣬾ָܻ书δΪ֪
绪ҲĬȻ
㼱С㣬Ϸɻ书
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Ǻ书ϷҲˣ
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Ľûз𣿡
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ĽμҿУ
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绪һۣԼ鵤Ѿˣȴܣһöܣ˭ŵɵڶġ
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ĽǺЦǱá
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ĽߵμҲǺǵģ
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ĽҵնΣ
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绪Цһ£ʱһ֣ͷǲݰǾ̲סģ
Ľ˵֣ܲ
绪룬Ҫˣ̫ΣգҵĸҲǳصģ
ĽѾˣԼԣ
绪üһ㣡
Ľ˶˾ûã幫Ǹݰȳ嶯ֵС˶˻Żȥ
μĴңȻĿͨ˰ⲻᷢҲϵ
绪˿԰׶˿ûŪǵĻ
Ľİɣʹ򲻹ı»еġ
绪ṦģûṦõģθλУû˱ȵ
ǺðɣԼСģ绪ͷ
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˵ն԰Цһ£ת뿪СԺֱθڴ￪
ڽһߣܿ촩˴ţҰȻ˺Ȼ֣˹
Ľɨһۣһĸߣʦݣ㣬Ϊ
ĽóǶṦ֮ҶԼо͸ˣҵ˿֮


32 
Ľæһ̧֣λǷҵģ
ͷ߻Ŀ죬ƺڿһˣ޼ɰɣ
Ľһ󣡡
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ü԰ףɫҲ԰ףƺ겻£ĿɭɭǾ·ɣ
Ľæһ䣺һ²뵱幫ӣȫ
ǾͿɣЦ̧֣߻ƽı
ĽѾ˵Ṧؼǲˡ
ĽЦЦλȫֻƴһˣ˵һ汳ûġ
ĸ߲ʱһܸܵĽӿȵ󺣰Ƶίʵˡ
Ľտ־ǿᣬ˺һ֮У˼ơ
Ľŵ幫ӵҪҪңɣ
㲻ǳûҪӰɣü԰׵ЦЦ
Ľüͷһ£ӣλסҲһ幫ӣֽ̣
á߳һ»ͷ
һ˦顱մһ죬һζ
ĽЦüëܾЩףҲ̫һЩĪǻ֮ƣ
뵽¾ϣƺһ£
˵Ľ߽ǣĵĵǽһƽƹĽܻᡣ
ĽһԲɰ׺磬·
飡ĵԲײƵը죬˶һ¶ɫû뵽
Ľᣬ˵ʦ磬Ϊ񣬸ʵû뵽ǡǡ෴
˶һۣɱʢƺһٴζ֣˽ȭʵʵȭӰĽ
Ľָ罣ָ£ͱݡ

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ϷɵСԺ԰׻绪Сͤ˵ЮԺлڵĻ㣬Ƣ
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԰Ҳ̧۶绪绪šһġ
ϸϸüëһ£ܳ𣿡ҵ˿ɲôǵģһ
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Էһǲȥ
԰æͷĽ˳ۣϾΪͬ飬Լȥѵǣ
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С㣬ܳ𣿡̲ġ
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绪صԼСԺɫСͤȥ齥ԽԽ졣
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ͷȴһƬ裬ȥȴΨֻĽ£Ṧ˫ҪӻѣԼһȥֻﵹæ

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ĽüⷶݰǲݰҲǸСģһ߰ʦ֣ټΧԼĸһˣȻҵӡ
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ĽһηҴ˴ɱǼҵ׵ӣ
ðҵҪμʲô£
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Ľߴһţǿèʵڿɱ뿴ʹ࣬վ
ӣǲڵԮһߵ
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Сӱˣˣٲ˵㣡
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ģΣĴģҡͷ鵤ҷҾ鵤ܻ׹ǣʨӴ󿪿ڰ
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Ľ֣һӻͳһƿ׳߽סˣȻڰ֣īź򣡡
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Ľ΢ЦŽСͤ£΢ЦС㣬Ҳ
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ĽҡͷЦʩչһѵúܣʧҲ󣬺οûУСͿְɣ
绪һۣڻƿĿ⣬Ĺ
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ĽЦŵͷӦˣ˵Ĺ򣬺ȻŲĽüͷһ¡
ǺǡСãʵЦԶԶξǽ֣Сͤ
绪üʱɫ俴ξ
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Ľȭһû˵ˡ
ξһۣЦеĵ޼ɣͷòѽһƯ
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ξڰ֣СûǿҪùҪСѽڻС֮ǰǾȻˣ
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Сãɲ˵ѽξæ

绪ЦǰͲǲ޷˵Ļȴǵǲǣ
ξ˵ЦǰͲˣأƫƫúúõģˣԺʧǲǣ
ξҡͷ̾ϢεĵСѽ
ԴǽԿޱȣԾܾ
Ľ绪һˣ绪Цûڣһװɣ
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ǺǣС⻰ȤξЦŵͷĽ򣺡СӣԽԽϲ
лˡĽ΢Цҡͷ
绪磬㵽ʲôģϻˣ
ξЦСã˵ˣ
ǣôˣ绪Цʡ
ξҡҡͷʱǲǣǻûʼأǲҪ޵μң
绪Ц˭˭ޣǲ޵ģ
ξҡͷС⻰ɣΪǹҼأ벻ȥͲȥʱ㲻ȥҲȥ
ǵҪ˭ң绪Цб磬ǲϼ޹ȥ㰭ۣ
ǺǣǰͲ㲻ˣʦ֣޳ȥ˿μҵĴʧξЦ
˵ɣ绪ֲͷĵ
ξЦҾ˵֪֪Ϻǻˣ
绪ɫ΢䣬üʱģ
Ľоı仯ȻģȴˣǿѹԼˡ
ξϸĿ绪飬ƺЩʧģ˵ѾʦˣҲʦ֡
ţ֪ˡ绪ڰֵذɣ

ξԹĵС߯ˣһϢ͸㣬һյգ
ûУ绪
ξЦСǾɣ
磬ֽһ£ǲǣ绪Ҫվ
ξæ֣Сʦ֣ҿɲǣⲻǳ۸ðɣҲˣ
绪ʲôʱΪʦģ
սɣҲʦˣξЦ
绪ͷ˼
Ľûͨº֮ʵӣϺǺˣ
ξһ绪
绪޲ɶԣ˵˵
ξЦðɣҲʲôܣ˶֪ġ
绪һȥ裡
ǺǣлСξæ
绪ȥĽʣϺСʲôϵ
٣ѽξЦеĶã
Ľһɫ΢䡣
ξ仯Цеĵǲʧˣ
ĽǿЦЦӺγԣ
׵ġξЦ޲µ˶Լģ
ĽЦҡҡͷûٷȷʵһֱΪ绪ûŮ֮飬Լˡ
ξʹҲûãϼͷ˵ܴܲӦ
ĽüҪС޵μң
Ǻǣ⵹Ϻûϵ֮ǲ޸ϼҵġξҡͷ
Ľһͷѹˣ̾λϺҲλɣС۸ڶĿһУһ˿ɲ
ξϺȲϣȴҲ࣬˵δϼҼ
Ľͷ뵽ϺǸû뵽δϼҼԼҲϵġ

СӣǲҲϲСãξȻ̽ͷ
Ľ΢΢ЦЦ˵Цˡ
𲻳ϣξָǺЦСģǸ˶ܲסһֱһˣ
Ľ΢ЦС绪СӲѧǳд
ξ绪ǵзѣĽȻø˵ξ棬ȴҡĽǡ
һ汻ξץѱֶζʤ
ξЦСӱ¸ģǶˣһ
ĽЦЦˡ
ģξЦеĴЦȻˣҲϺǵˣ
Ľ̾мֲˬġ
С㵹ʵξЦŵͷǾǣϵĶСõķģ˲ˬ
ĽϺϲС㣿
ξƲƲ죬мĵȻߵ֪ҪȻҲأʦأʦϼҶĹҲûôˣ
Ľ̾ҲǸأ
ξͷɲһСõģ
ĽüͷӺ⣿С
ȻξͷС棬ǻģټˣ
ĽЦһ£ҿɹܲסС㣡
ξǾͨһסСã
ĽüͷЦҡҡͷξСӻ飬ЦҿΪСúã
ĽҡͷСҲ
ѽξҡͷѡ
ʱ绪ˣ϶Ųյɨһξ
ĽȻξĻ˻ɣϺ绪ˣξǲĵģĻҪúõķֱһ


33 
绪˲յ£˵һ˰ɣ
ξæЦСĪԩң
绪㲻˵һܣϴ˵˰գ
ξЦ΢ôһ¡
绪бЦһֺ˵˵ˣ
ٺ٣ûûСξڰ֣мĵܸ£СĪ˵ǲ޼ɣ
еȣĽ΢Ц˵СλϹӽ鼫ãͬһ㡣
绪ͷţûϴȷʵõġ
ĽǿЦЦܱС㿴֪ǺεȵӢ
ϴȷʵλӢۡ绪ףŤͷξ磬ҲˣҲˣգ
СѽͲܸһξյҡͷ˲յ
֪ٴȥ绪Իֵᷭģһ֣Լ򲻹Ҫûݺʰβܸҵڵģ
뵽ǺЦҲҲ
˵յŵʯϣתСͤһỊ̃ת۹Ѿʧˡ
Ľͷأ绪
绪üʲô
ĽҶλϹӺܺ棿
ȥһǣ绪
ĽЦЦ˵μϼǶͷܼϹӣ
ǣңһкη绪һߵ
ĽҡҡͷüС̫ˣһϼг֮ӣ
˵绪
ĽȻ޾壬ƽСӦףΪμҵһӣμҵĶͷСĶͷ⣡
̣绪ߵ
ĽҡͷѸ˵ĶԹ֮ϣʵЩǣֿԣȰС㻹ˣ

죡绪ȵ
Ľ죬ҡҡͷĿ͸
绪ŭ㿴ʲô
ĽС㣬ʣϹ𣿡
˵ʲô绪漴򣬺ߵǶ˵ģ
Ľͷǡ
ĻҲţ绪ƲƲ죬мĵΪǸˣڿҲɵģ
Ľô˵ϹӲСඣ
绪ߵϴѾˣ˵
ĽƳһ۵ҿСϹҲɣ
绪ֳŭĵĪ˵
Ľ̾ϢһԼ˵ˣ绪ӦǰλϺǵģҡͷЦ¿յģȻʧ
绪ɨһۺߵҸϴ㲻˵˵
Ľ̾⻰⻰һȥСλ
ʲôλҲŲںЩ绪мĵ
ĽҡҡͷǴˣҲӰ죬˳ɻڿԣ˶˵㱳μңԴ
绪üЩͷĵЩˣ㻹ʲô£ûеĻ߰ɣ
ĽüҲЩߵС㣬Ϲӵ²ܲ˵Ūף
¹ܣ绪
Ľüͷ˫۽ϵشܲܣϹо֮
֪绪һΪ֮һ١
ĽܳҶԹģˣ֮ǳҸỹ˱ǣ
ϴ书ʲô绪һۡ
ĽҲཻһĿġ
С֮ĶȾ֮绪Ļͷĵϴ䣬ˣ
Ľҡͷ֪֪治֪ģЩΪ

Ϊ˶һĿģ绪Ц
Ľ⼸仰ˣݲñϺǣһڱЩڣ⻰̫ˡ
Ľȴ벻⣬ҡͷðɣҪһλϹӣ
Ҫʲô绪ߵ
ĽһλϹӣ׺ηʥܶСķģ뿴ûбĿģ
˵˵ô£绪ƲƲ죬бһ쵽Щÿһ˶Ҫַ۲ۣ
Ľ΢΢һЦҸˣȻڣ
绪˺ߣεðɣҴȥϴ磡
Ľͷƭһ˲ҪȵģΪμұˣμңɾʹˣ
ģ˵ЩĵĻ绪ûĺߵڰ֣Ҳ֪ʲôҩϽҸǰƣ
ĽҡͷЦЦԼȷʵмʧ̬²յǺðɣͲСˣǣ
ƮȻСͤת۵ֵľͷ绪æеȥĶзҵˣ
Ľһʹ˼Ʋߣƭ鵤ҵ鵤ɲ鴫һǷĽƭˣҪġ
ĽͷҲأֻǳڰ֣ʾⲻصģȻƮȻʧֹ䴦û
ĽղûʩչףԼ룬绪λϺǵм飬ܻûﵽŮ֮ĲΡ
ĸŮ绪Ȼӱ䣬ܲŮԣ׶Ƕ飬׶顣
ҡҡͷ̾˿ԼĶ˶ȥˣ绪ƯȣίʵѵõĺŮˣܲġ
ξǸΨ²ҵģл绪㲻ŹܲСǹϺ¡
绪ʶȴ̫أһŪã˵Ҫ绪ˣܲ
ȥϷɵСԺ԰СԺͷûʲôɫȴû˵ȻΪĽŪ鵤Եʡ
ŲݣȴһιϷɡ

ĽŲһ٣Ҫ˻ŤͷæϷɸѹ
ĽЦûŶλɣ
˵ʲôѽϽ
֣ĽߵϷǰɫ԰ף޹⣬ȴ¶Цݡ
ĽЦ֣νѲк󸣣⻰һ٣㿴⸣ö죡
˵Ƴһ㣬ǵ졣
ϷɺٺЦȻҿĽְУɹһȥʹࡣ
Ϸֹסҡͷ̵ģǲ
ĽЦǲֱ˲źã˺˱书ɣ
ϷɺݺݵͷһҪ
Ľİɣ㶨ܱˣҪȰˣѽɷҲ
ϷɺٺЦǵ⡣
ŤͷֵܣγҲؿףͲ˵лˣ
ĽŶ˵лҷϲҵ鵤Ȼ
˵Ÿ뿪԰⡣
ڶϦսӳһнԳɷɫ
Ľִ֮չһֱڽչš
ǿ֮£֪Ҳȳ˾΢ö࣬˿ûʲôܸоϸ΢Ľ
Ϊʦ֪ûϣʹϣҲãúܡ
ڵĹؼûʶʦ֪ʦʲôģﵽεȾ磬ûĿ֪꣬δﵽ
ϣıǼʶһ´ʦϧʦλѣײβܼ
绪˵Ҳûʦ֪ʦ˵仯ģģǧ򻯷ʤʦԶܴùʦ

֨űƿ绪޳ȿǰ޼ɣ߰ɣ
Ľۣ΢Цʣȥ
֪ʣ绪һͷĵȻȥϴ磡
Ľ棿
ϡ绪
Ľͷ˶൹ܱӣ齣ʣԼԼ㣿
绪üʲôһ
ĽΪȶϺƫԴԣʱʱίʵˬ
Ľһۣûʲô
绪ߵĪ
ĽҡҡͷѹƢ֪˵ɲɣỵ£ҪԵ侲빫ųɡ
ѥ绪һСԺȻֱߣûһ绪һϮ¡
ĽóǾһģ䵭װĨԱƽʱƯ֣ɽǵýƵƵעĿ
ƮƮ˳ǣĽ֮۴ܣ⣬û̫ǿҵģЩԴߵ绪ջˮЩƫȴҲмֵվòŮߣ⡣
ûЩĵ⣬Ľ绪ƮƮ˳ǣȻţˣ̯һһȺӿѷڳڵ֡
绪̤źӿŲ鼱УĽɵܿ쵽룬ߴλãһ긺ֶٷ
磬Ŀǣֱͦı촽Ĩɰνʣѵһӡ
绪ʱ¶Цݣҡͷеϴ磡
䲻󣬵ӵȺȴŤͷʱ¶Цݣҡҡߡ
Ľ̾Ϣһ˿ӣĸŮܵס
绪߹ȥ绪ȴ˲ӿŲ㴩Ⱥת۵ǰЦϴ磡
ϺЦСɣ
绪ЦҺܺã˵ϴʦ
ǺǡѽףЦеͷȻȻ绪
绪ĵϴ磬Ҳʦ

ϺǾôᡭ
ߣϴ߯С˰ɣ绪
ϺҡͷЦһϲȾ
绪бߵôҳʦϴ㲻ˣ
ȻǸඡϺæҡͷǺЦĸҲˣ
Ų࣡绪һ
Ľվ绪ߣϺǿλ̨ǡ
һѣ޼ɡ绪
ϹӡĽȭ΢΢ЦЦܲ
Ϻ¶Цݣ绪ֿĽǺЦԭѽСѿɴûеģ
绪
ϺЦҡͷûأ˵Ҳڱչأ֪ʲô̶ˣǱȲ㡣
Ҵö࣬Ȼܳʦġ绪Ц
ϺЦӲʺǿģ߰ɣȥѩ¹䣬þûѩʦˡ
˵ŻţϺĽ䣬Ϊơ
Ľ绪飬һСȫȥǲ̹¶һ绪
ǸȷʵͬĽҡͷֲõԼ˵Щʱǰ
һĬʵʩչͨöۿϺ˼룬
˵ȷʵΣļ棬˶鷳ξ㲻ݣҪµġ
绪ż޳ȥҲΪ
˿ѩ£ѩʦڣֻɨ˳£ѩһɽɽһɫѾĺɫ֡
ϺɽХ㿪ػȻɽȥĪȳŹ˻Ҫǽ
ʩչṦӣȽȽƣе;ĽȻһ绪ֱֱȥ


34 ɱ
绪ֻһֱֱ׹䵽£Ҫ䵽Ҷ֮ʣºȻεһУƮƮأϢ
ŤͷҪʣȴһͣĽȻѨһܶ˵Ҳǲܣŭǳ޺޵ŤͷҲЩ
ʵû뵽ûĽᷴһûȴ˸һ±㱻סˡ
ĽԺʲô
Ĵڣʹ˸ؿ˵ֱԺｻŭ֮ȻԺʡ
Ľһ֣ǰָָʱѾˡ顱ƺȻ˶֡
绪һ£Ȼʲô˶֣
ĽϹ˽ˣҿ˵
ʲôģֱȥæǣ绪ΪȻĺһۣȻ̫飬ȴ仯
Ľҡҡͷȿ˵ĿɲԼμңĪҪСʧ󡣡
ʲôСʧ󣡡绪ЩˣŭϴҪƽϵʧ
ĽСǹңһҪȵģôȷȴҪú˼һ𼱡
˼һϴûˣ绪޺޵ĵ
Ľûһۣİɣˣ
绪޺޵ǲǰͲϴ⣿
ĽüͷһȻЦ⻰⣬Ϲԩ޳ģûԩң
ߣ˼һ֪绪Ʋȴˣֻܺ޺޵һۡ
ĽӣԺЦһ治֪Լʲô˼أСҽɣ
˵㣬ϴʲô⣬Ҿԭ㣡绪һԺߵ
ĽЦЦСȻϲϹӵġ
˵ʲôѽϴо֮绪ߵ
Ľҡҡͷһض˵˽飬绪أ޲úݺҧһڡ

Ľһֱ֮۹ƣĸʦΧϺǣϺǻ罣ݺᣬһʱ֮·ȴֵܵסһʱҪ
ĸʦֽź£ڽΨ¶һ˫ӡ
ĽȴóĸʦδȫдϷ飬ƺè׽
Ľ⣬ʦֻ治ֵǮѽڱ𴦣ʦֿĸ֣һԴӽ˳ǣȴƼÿζѣһˡ
Ϻһʱ̲⣬Ұл˿ţһ˽źºڽòһʦһʦ֡
˸ʮԶţۣ֮ѷϢĻ
ĽüˣĿͣʦϣԼϤ֮УԺܣ˵Ӱ֮գ˲伴˳ξ
üξôͷԹǱģ˿ĸʦˣ
μҵ˶ԸϺǲϡ棬ԼҲϺ绪ġ
Ϻ绪Բ£µģУȻѳμҡ
绪ǵ׵ӣμϴΪЦӶʧȥеĵλ
һҶǼҪģ˵ʵΪ𣬵ѻʵӹɡ
һҵĸʦ֣дһʦЩʦԴμˣɼߣɡ
Ŵյʱ򣬹㲻ˣЩܽŴɵߣҪΪֻ֣Ͷ֮¡
ͶһҴнҲǸ˵ɣʱãأ¡ЩͶš
绪Ϊ׵ӣŶμ˺ʹţ岻һģҲס
Ľ˼ά磬ת۹뵽ЩҡҡͷҲѹξɱϺǣξĹ˵
ҡҡͷȴδأξڰǱ⣬ǶԸϺǣͬʱҲԸ绪һá

Ѳ绪һɱˣ
Ľҡͷڣĸʦɱ绪ģΪֻĸʦ֣
ΪμҶӣܵʦ־ĸʮڻ£񲻸ף
绪޺޵ĵļ٣Ľȴü˼άеĹϣ漴һš
ξǵ绪ϺأϺǼ绪Լʦ֣Ըĸףȴѡ
˾Ϊ绪飬Ĩƽ֮Ǳ룬Ϊݺ绪
ȥôԶ޷öֻܴŷ֮ġ
绪ں޺޵ļ٣ȥˣϺʲôΣգ¾ȥһҪúʰ
ĽԺ˵ǶˣֻĸˣϹû֮Σڵء
磿绪䡣
ĽҪһ˫񣬻߸⣬ϹҪȣ㲻ܳ档
æѽ绪ɿĵ
ĽһæҪҸطһ㣬ǣȻسǵŰɣ
ɣҪ￴㣡绪͸ŲΡ
Ľ㻹֮һȻȥһ汻׽ѱڼǰһ˵ûĺùӳԣ
绪˵㻰һҪϴ磡
ʳԣ߿ߣĽӦţһģ绪ʱָɣѪ繯
ŤͷĽһۣĿʵʣֱĵףŲ
ĽЦŵͷ绪üĽæԺ˵Сٵһ˵ϹΣգ
ðգȥˣ绪Ժߵ
ĽЦŵͷǸˣϺ绪ûôҪ뿪ġ
ȥתʧУĽüŴ򶷷ȥˣɴգʩչСŲֱŲƵξ벶ȸںֻҪסξ޴󰭡

绪Ṧ죬ת۵ΧʮԶ˿еĴ򶷣һ£תƮƮȥֻĸʦ֣ĽԲʲôʮ㣬ʷ
뿪ĽһȴûżͣξԶȫϢ۾һע֮ۡ
˰γдھϺǽŲסĸʦʩѹòͷ
һû绪ξҲˣŤͷϣ᲻Ūˣ
ıԭʣȻǼˡ
һҡҡͷᣬۿС㣬һɽҲһ
һС뿪أǰξߵ
ҡҡͷӣСϵʹҲ뿪
޼СӰɣξߵ
ߵͷš
СǸ˾ܲξüҡͷԸСãҪһųɣ
ߵͷǣ
ξڰ֣ҡͷǣһ汻ײҿɳԲ˶ߣ
μҵĵ׵Ӿɱμҵӵģ˽ɱ˾ˡתأܱŽ˼μʢĸ׵ӺУġ
ߵӲ֣ȴûй˼ɣҸ˽Ҳûʲôѵġ
ξһ£ͷţҪСģСıթɲһܶԸ
ЩˣٴļıҲûãϳ
ξͷ̾С
ϵҪҪɱˣ
ξһ£ͷɱ˰գѵãҲǹϣէ̤ʦһ˳Ϊʦ޵ˣ
ɫϰˣ˶ϵ

ξͷС˫ҲѹϵĴߣߣӲСμϣ
ϵСҰҲС
ξҡҡͷƲһѣΪСܴμķߺߣЦ
ϵӣҲδأŮһ˵ġ
ξߵ㲻ףСö飬ûô׵ģÿһһƾЩɲ
ЦҿСˡ
ξƲƲ죬ҡͷҲ̫ССˣ
ڰ֣ˣСӰɣžͰۣ
ϵͷ鴽һХХƶͳ·֮ص
ĸʦʽʱһ䣬ԭͷϸɿ籩꣬˲Ϻû⧲ʱҡҡ׹
ĽƲȡһʯӣҶڵأҵһʯͷҲס
Ȱ½һ˺Լֻ¶⣬žУΰһأðֶʵ
֮˦һءУĿСʯӻΪһĨҹ⣬˲ĸʦ
飡飡飡飡繭졣
ĸʦһͣĽԷɵ֮Сʯӣƿս⣬谭ײˡ
Ƕ壬ƿսרֻ΢һ裬ûȫסײϡ
Ыû뵽֣һ¡
ϺҲǻˣ͵漴ϣ类紵ѹϡ
ȣ췢һȻ޺ȣ漴һȦһƳɫ䳤ڽڰθߡ
ϿҶһĨʱΪ촷ۣĸʦ͸أٿһȻӲ
Ϻǳ֮ٿΣȴ׷ֱֱ˳ȥûѳ˵İΧ漴ٿ֣ȽȽš

°ɣбȻһײϺǡ
飡һ죬ϺбɳȥһƶӲʵʵľľ塣
Ϻ³һѪббɳȥײôڵϷ£մ˿Ҷνȥӡ
ȫǰݣǱɥ֮Ȯ˫۾纮ǣȴ˿˲ֻһ֣ӣ
Сӣ϶Ϻһȴû׷˷׷ųϺǷ׷ȥ
ϱңϵˣξæе
ҡҡͷαֱ˫ɨɨȥºηʥһ
ٺ١һЦǶը졣
һһţһͣɴ۾ԼĿڣȴһѪӿ
ĽЦƮξǰЦμСû뵽ɣ
㡭ǡξ˸ڽ俴ɫؼΪѿĽҲû뵽һӵĿޣɵƣ֪ƿսҲ֡
ϸϰиΪ˽⣬ƿսԽԲϬ
ΪʦҾޱȣѷɫһĶҪ£ȴ軨һ˼
һȥֱɱ˴ˣҲס
ĽٺЦ˵˵˭أ
ϼҵˣξβȵ
ȻĵĽ㲻ȥϺǣ
ΪҪȥĽҡͷٺЦ̾һ˵μ϶ˣ˰
Ƿҵģξ˫һȵö˼
ٺ٣˴˱˴ˣĽҡͷٺЦЦ͸˵ĵ⣬ЦԽԽ죬ɹЦҶ졣
ЦȻֹĽغȵμС·ɣ


35 
է䣬һξæȴһֻСһۣ漴ʹλйƤ
ת۹ɢһɶ
㡭ξĿѣСء
ĽҡͷСţ˵۸С
һԾңתʧ
ξڵϣŲԶϣϼȻ׶༪ˣĿн⡣
̫գˣҲůʣȴ䣬סֻһͷ书ˣ书ûˣ
书ǷһҰģǧıԸˮһнԿա
캿Уʹ
Ƭ̺ĸʦطϵڵϣһ˹ȥҡҡͷξǰӣ
ǡǡξڵϣָˡ
һȥӣ㲻Ҫɣ
žξһϣŭȵ߿
˺ڽ棬һûܴڽ飬˸һ£üͷ
˽ԳԾξԵĶһۣҡҡͷ֪Ǻá
ٺ١ٺ١ξСָ˻УҲ𷶼ңĲΪˣ
˲ȴǰֻܻӣӣ
飡ξȥһ
һǰС˿ڣŤͷˣҲ˫˸
ξ˿ڵλãϲ£˲ͬڱ𴦣ʹָˣҲˣʹǰĹҲˮ
Ҫ׷ǧѣҵﲻô׻ָģһ;Ǳˡ
һҡͷ̾ϢҲ֪ʲôµ֣ʧְˣ
ҡͷ̾Ϣ˵ɽ֮ơ

ĽƮƮصԼСԺʱ绪Сͤȥ鼱꣬ʱ̧ͷһڴ
Ľһ֣æԾӵǰôô
ĽЦЦҲ
ϴûˣ绪æʡ
ĽͷȻ˵ˣôǼһСǻĶˣ
ߣҶȥˣ绪ź޺޵
Ľæ֣ˡ
ʲ£ʵڶ񶾣绪ߵ
Ľ̾˿ЦҰѶӷˡ
ʲô绪촽Ŵˡ
Ľӵ书ûˣ˷ˡ
㡭㡪绪ָɫ䣺˶书
Ľͷš
绪͵Ķţ㴳
ĽЦЦΨ֪Ϣ˲֪
ôùˣ绪ŵǵĶĿضǣʲôģ
Ľҵıɱˣְˣϲġ
绪ҡҡͷĵ̫Сμ
˫ȭ߬ţҧź촽ȥһĽ꣬ʮأ͵ĶסŤͷߣھߣ
Ľ⣬һߣ飡
Ϊ鲻绪޺޵ֻҪһʣ׾ܲɵģ߻һϣڸײ֮ǰԶ߸߷ɣǧٴڱҹݣȥϱߣȥݣ
ĽҡͷСİɣаյġ
аգ绪뿴ǰοԼ滰
ĽЦЦȻ崫žžһ죬ȻȻһأһֶʵ֮ˣͬʱϱ仯Բһշ
ף绪ɴ
žžһ죬ٱ䣬ָԭòЦһ˶Ŀ㹻ˡ
ʲô򣿡绪Ȼʡ
Ľֵһᣬܶʱͷ档

Ŀඣ绪б
ĽЦάְʱѣܳã塣
绪룬ͷǿиıȻǶʱ˻ãʱһñҪġ
ǲ޼Խ˿ٱͯӡ
Ľ֮£Ѳɶӻỳң
һ书ԭ粻ͬȡʤԶԭ棬֣ڣмˣ书Ҳ򵥵úܣಫ
˼ɣΪ£һⷢʽԹײپʽΪ㣬Ʋѥɦ
š绪룬ܲỳɰɣΪҪ˶磿
ĽߵҪɱңΪߣ֮ΪжѾԸҵɱҡ
ɶ񣡡绪޺޶ţҧϵúã
ֻҪ书ò벻ΪˣҲ۸Լ
ĽԸʵ
û书ˡ绪ƲƲ죬мĵһֱҰģҪˣ
ŤͷĽȻһЦ޼ɣһ£Ҫлл㣬Ҫʲô
ĽЦֻһҪ󡣡
˵ա绪
ĽټϺˣ
绪üһŭĵ
Ľ֣صĵϺϼˣμҳˣȻΪμҶĶأϹӶأ
ȻǼˡ绪ߵ
Ľˣ֪ӦȡᣬϺǵĶ飬Ѿˣб֮ģȴμϣ
ߣ̫ܵ绪ĵ
Ľ̾㻹ǺúɣԼҪһμңΪμҵ׵ӣӦġ

ջֵòɢĽصԼһƿս⣬ɵĸ㡣
ɵʦֲ⣬ϴʦûʤ㣬ϧɵܾãֻ̫ͻϮ
룬ƿսڷɵϣСʯϣܷȭϻϣƻԦʹ⣬Ȼס
뵽֮Դӻ֮үڰҲûҲûټȴţǱˡ
Ҳ֪ûأ֮ڲ棬ѧһЩ
ڶ峿ʱ֣ĽһԲȻܹһīӢˬҲǸ깦
Ľ֣Χ˫ֶ类ǣ߲ݡ
ƮƮ޼ɣ
ĽŤͷȥͣ΢ЦϡѽǱͦõİɣ
ȻЦţҪ͵鵤ЧС˵µˡ
ĽЦǵС׬ģ²˵գ
֪ӵ°ɣѹ˵ҿһۣмֹ֮⡣
Ľҡͷôˣ
ߣ书ϣ٣ƲƲ졣
ΪϷɵ飬Ľӡģ£ȻȥҷңŪҩ壬ı֮ȻҪú׽һ
Ľ̾Ϣһҡͷϧ
ϧʲô㲻ΪȻĺһۣʣ
ĽЦ˭ɵģ
ݶ˵Ƿҡ
Ľüңôĵӣ
ŭ˵ҪҿսˣԾԾԵĵ˫Ź⡣
ľˮŮʵȻ

Ľ̾ͿսҲ̫Ϸ˰ɣ
ֲΪȻĵӱ书սҲ̫СˣҪǱ˱ʰˣָẮ˴ģ
ĽüͷҡͷЦЦҪսܲսμϲ٣ҲҪġ
ұΣĽʡ
ԭǲģμжʮʦжʮĸڲһС㡣
ĽŵͷʦǺʵһʦֱһʤ㣬μжʮ߸ʦֻжʮĸɾ͵ʦ֣ϾʦѧȻȴǿ
绪ɵסһʦÿ˵ķһ˵ҲķԲܵġ
һʵʱ򣬼ıأμҺûʲôʿ
˷ܼһܴܷҡ
ĽҡͷΣҺμأɽۻһ԰æ
һüë˵μһû٣
ȻĽͷһˣʹʤңҲǲʤգ
Һú롭ƽʳָüĿ˼
ĽЦп
ڤ˼һǾ£̼һǲǣ
ĽЦǷ£ϼأҲҪս
ϼҲŲôɵ
ĽЦҡͷϼҲɵ˷ңһֵϼˣţ
ָûĵô죿
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̫˼һ۸ŵģ㲻ΪȻҡҡͷ
ĽѪѪǷ˶ӣǾͷǴӣ
ѽ룬ͷǸء
һ֣תߣҸС˵˵
ĽĿ뿪ҡͷЦЦǷ绪֮ʲߵġ
ĴҪھˣ绪֪һ㣬Թʲߣҵսˡ

ĽȥүСԺȴ֪ڣȥ˳ãȨ볤ã㲻μҵ˻˵
ĵλΣ绪μҵˣƷμˣΪȻ
Ȼûдۣμ֮⣬ʲôûвȨ
ԼԺӣһ֦ʩչƿս֦ϲһ±ըɷĩҡҡͷͣ֡
ƿսԵޱȣһıɣҲֻԼɵųܵס
ƴʩչƿս⣬ȴɹԭƿսСʱɣƿսǿޱȣ˫Ʊܲס
ʱоĦзɿţ֪˰ϦȾ֣ϣһ¡
Ų绪ϼǰ
ĽƣЦЦˣ
ߣ˵ˣ绪
ĽЦŵͷ֮С
绪Цɵĺ£ЦߣҪɴ
Ľûô״û
˵ˣ޲Ͽս绪ߵ
Ľҡҡͷûʤô𲻹̬ˣҪôߣҲ޵μң
绪еָժ֮⣬룬ȷʵ飬ֻؼ档
Ľ̾һҡҡͷǸ̬Ϊ˼ܹѹסķŭ׬ģ
绪ûһۣսҲҪ
ʲôĽʡ
绪ҪǴɱѣǷҴӣ
ĽЦЦɲǸòʹ
ڵķһϷأǿɳ֮ȥɱڹᣬʵǿ


36 ɱ
òʹֵõͷϣ绪Ц
ĽΣ
绪ҡҡͷˣ书ķˣٺõĵҩҲûãҲ
˵бĽһۣһֺίʵû˶ȴľҲΪ
һ͵͵ˣֽòȫ֮飬书ΪԼ磬һãܰһδǺ¡
ĽͷֻҪڱ㷢һܷߺްɣ
ֺ޵Ҫģ绪бһۡ
˵Сģȥˡ
Ľ̾ɱ˭⣿
ǵ绪Ц
Ľҡҡͷ治Ǹ⣬ܳɣЧҲǷǷӵҲǿ֮
˵ٶʲôãҪȥģ绪ߵĽ丸ס
Ľֻˣ
Ȼǣĸʦһ绪
˭ָӣĽʡ
绪ҶûСĵ
Ľüͷһ£绪ǼƹˣŲߣɱˣʲô˼
ĽЦЦǵҪʶһġ
ǰμûʲôĲʿһǼƹ˵Ķȷʵº棬Ҫʶһ
绪һۣԹױԹλ࣬ʵʵĲ׾ɣ
ĽЦʲôɱȷʵҪıӲʧ̫󣡡
öƶƲߵģ绪
Ľͷûٶ˵ԼȷʵٳͷҾξǰ֣ñʲô쳣

ֱˣϻиԼһģʹûԼ㾪ˣҲԶʤˡ
ξǸֱģʹԼݸİ磬ҲܱĽԼĵףԼûμҴţҪ׷ɱ
ҪĻμˣȳȻ⣬£гֵıϣżһҲ
ĽĬ绪㲻ض룬ⷶҲȡ֮ɱһû
Ľüë绪ŵºΪɫߣ书
ĽЦݵλߣɫҲʲô˰ɣŮ˲ȥ׽Զġ
ǹ֣ƫϲЩŵģϲҸŮԽҵԽϲ绪һڣæת⣺ּһһٴҲҹ
ĽͷǾɱգ
ƽ绪ȴ֪ΪΣֻһɺӺ󱳷һֱͨɴ˸
书֮ΪѵãǱĽˣȻĽֻЦЦ
̰ɫûʲôĸ˲ɫ˶ӵУ֮ԣǿŮˣίʵһˣɱԳ
绪Ǻðɣ⼸ʱһлǱ֣һɱ
ĽͷЦЦ
绪üҲ̫ˣҪ̫ƴ
ĽЦͷү⻰һҪѵġ
ߣŲѵ¶Ĵƫ绪üҡͷƢɲõġ
ĽİɣҾΪǣǿ
绪ҧҧ촽޺޵һǸɫȲϰϣҲ̫࣬Ǻ˲һǧ꣡
ĽЦİɣҪ
Ը˰ɣ绪ҡҡͷˣҿʼԦǾҪҪ
Ľҡҡͷ㹻ˡ

İԽԽȻٴӵһתʼһ֮ٽŴԽǿᣬԽ
йĽ֪ô򵥣ҴʦҲô򵥣ԶԼѧʶ
ıǵõʦָ㣬ټһʦ֪便ô£ܴﵽĿġ
£õķΪʦѧ˵Ѿû˺һķʦѣ·һ·ʵĸõ֮ʱ
ԦǾȻ֪ϸԭ·Ӳϣ˷к档
һ춼ûжĽһֱķ侫ԽζԽ
峿ʱ֣绪Ȼ⣬һһɫװࡣ
鲻ƽʱ˪Ǳһɱʡ
ĽһˣҡͷЦЦΪδɱһ
δɱǺ¾װνҹ£ʵûʲô⣬ʧЦ
绪غߵΪﶼԲôΪ
ĽȻȷʵƽӹΪˣԲȥҾװжɾ䣬ֲʲôۼ
ѣ绪Ѱһ
Ľסˣתݣܿ컻һɫװɾ䣬ʱ˼Ӣ
绪´һͷ߰ɣ
Ľڱ㶯֣
ţȳǸǻϣ绪һһ˵
Ľüôǣ˭֪Ǹʲôˣ
ܵء绪
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ɽ£ưһ鰼ݵʯͷȻ󡰺䡱һ£ɽȻһţȥĽ

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ﵽ֮˫ķ⣬Χȴһһ˶ߵͨɲˡ
ǽݣһֱ˶ʮףűƽ绪ǰĽ˽죬ת߳Զ
ĵصвٰɣĽƼž
绪²ͣšһ߰еģ
Ťͷת
ĽЦȻҴ壬ڹ̣
绪ŬĽһμҪһصģڵĵصֻмһ֪
Ľͷб޻ȷʵƣ·ϾʹлҲܳ
ˡ绪Ȼ
ȻͣһʯǰȻ˼£֨֨УƺнתȻʯ
绪ˣ䣬ںڰƬ̺ƺĬܣյͷ߰ɣ
ƮɽǰһƬ֣ççɽ壬ȴһɽϡ
ĽϵɽǰϺιɽڿѩ²Զ
Ľ֮ɨһΧû˳֣Цɽڳ
ÿڶͬģԶ绪
ĽĵͷΪ˷ֹһѶˣȷʵȫΣʶҵ̡
Цеص༸Ҳаɣײһɣ
˭֪绪ҡͷصǸҵܣ˸֪ġ
ĽЦ֪صǲμˣ
ֻ֪һûд󰭡绪ƴüǰǸõˡ
ϣĽʡ
绪ͷշҪȥѩ¡

˵򣬼ӰȻԺ¾װȻ͸ɱ
Ľü˿ˣҡҡͷҪǴɱϣڲȥɱһ˱ܲ͵Ϯɹ
ɱؼıǵһ͵Ϯɹ°빦ɹζʧܣɱ˱ˣᱻɱ
绪
һü԰׵߿粽ͷǸյ
ţ޼ɣҶ绪ָָĽ޼ɡ
ߵͷȻ΢ЦСӡ
Ľһۣ绪мƣֱۣͦӣʱһӣȻѴ󣬵Ʈ˪ü΢һ֮
ĽЦűȭү֪κμڵλ𣬽ڼ
κɨһˣһʮʦ֣ɨһСɶ´࣬ɱһӸڻ£͸ţλһسɹ֣
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ٺ٣ŶүǰģϷǺЦ
κҡͷЦЦŤͷС޼ڶϷŴŶټǵһ
Ϸüүôܳǰ棿
Ľͷ绪ǣΪָӣӦõһİɡ
κҡͷСȻѾʦˣʱж̣ǲЩ򡣡
绪õĵ߯С
ģ͸ڵڶһɱɣǿκڰ֡
绪Ҫ˵Ľүİɡ

绪ǿס죬ŤͷĽһۣκ˵С۵ףüС治ʡģ
κǶо飬Ҷ˵һȶ֡
үϷ
κֵϷɱʱҲҪһԶְɣĲض˵Ƕ֪ôɡ
ҡҡͷ֪һԼȷϲıġ
κŤͷСǺ棬ϽǼϣһӳȥٳֲ٣
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κڰ֣˷ͷжȴͷǰ£һСͣסȻ˿ʼλõϢ
ĽԺ绪һ
ţÿȥѩ±ɽ档绪ͷ
μҶԷ˽֪֪˰սҲȻ̫Ѳûз
ʹ֪μɱҲ㹻Ļ
绪ڵһ˷ѣ
ĽҡҡͷѿɲôɱģڶףǶүһƬģ
绪һƲң
ĽЦƵƲʲô书ǿүǣ
ߣ绪ƲƲ죬ٶ˵
ΪķķҲͬԼʦûԼ磬ôΪǳԼġ
ʱ˵нȥ̫һƶյ룬ģмȡ
Ľ绪κаԶĿһ¿Ƕ죬æȻһ¡
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绪Ժеѹͣˣ
Ľͷüͷһ£Ȼ٣
绪֪мı£һʣٻ
˸ĽҡҡͷʦšĸҲʦ
飡Զ죬绪һ񣬱ҪȥĽһͣסˡ


37 
绪üĵٲȥˣʮʦǲɵģ
Ľҡͷүǹ񣬼ʹһʱҲҪؼų֡
ɣ绪ҡͷ
Ľ̾˿εĵҪûпɳ֮˵Ǵʱ򣬶Էڷ
š⵹Ҳǡ绪ͷ
Ҳãܴɱ˷ѣһҲ޷ֻҪǱ߲ʲô⡣
ĽһƮƮУдϢȣת۹˽ǰ
绪˳еΡ
ʮ˾Ÿ˴һγսţʮʦѹŰ˸˴򣬰վһ꣬ǷѣƮƮòӢʱȴɴ۾
óˣ绪ЩʧվûɱǵΣʮʦѹŰ˸˴ʤ
˵ֻʦʦȻΪߣȴ׸˵ֲһʦ
绪棬֪ʱ˵ˣϢ֪ģԼôȴû֡
Ľȴµóһǵ˿˷ǣǻڶ࣬Զǰκϣһͬһж϶˸ֻܴɱɹ
ζθĽ绪ûж绪Ȼ޲ڱǰ˷ѣȴ֪лĸĸҲǶ֣ҲڵȻء
ԺĽҪҪȰĸˣ
Ľһ£ȥסɱѣ
һܳɣ绪ĵĵ
ƾΪʦֵûʲôʹȡʤҲԱĸȴΣգ
ĽЦЦԺҵṦģ
绪һ£ЦŵͷȷʵĽṦõģίʵ£ܼı¶⡣

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Ľ룬ϢĿ̫ܣǱ¶ԼСŲƵı£ʩչⱾ¡
룬绪£ϣָڴǰ˸ꡱƣȻƮƮ뿪˶档
Ȼһҽ𣬳еԽļңһʦ˳ȥȦ⣬ײһ֣һѪ໬ȥȻȻ֪
ʣһʦܿ첽󳾣Ҳһƻɣǡκֻ֣ʣˣʮʦ֣ΪԽ᧿Σ
绪ĽԶĽ֪ڶ棬ҲˣҵʦҲߣΪ񣬵κԲһ޷ֲĲࡣ
ΧһȦ˴ĬҲǿʵּϴǷزһʱ֮빥Ҳѡ
飡һ߷˳ȥȴʦ֡
һκ֣֮书ǿ磬ƴ
һֻʣߣӦʮˣǲãۼǵȦԽԽСҪվķѡ
ߣһƺУĸٿĴκǼޱȡ
κû׼ȻϮϻΪأ֧סĸĳٴȶ˸ƽֲ¡

ĸ书Ҳʦ֣κǲֹֻ࣬סơ
飡ըһ̻γһͣڰա
һĻϣ绪һǷҵԮźţƬ֮зҸԮ
²Ҵ绪ҪߴĽȴ֣ǰѺڽһסӣȻӥø塣
Ϣ֣ȴ۹·Ű˷էһ֣Ǳ㷢һ߷Ծ绪˫͵һƣƵȻ绪ǰǰһǽ
绪߳һ˫͵һƣӲӲֻܹɱѣһû˻ᡣ
κŭһûѹǲܳ绪
飡һըװ绪ڿһͣȻ󵹷ȥٴ䵽ϣָ
ڿзһͷʯͷ䡣
绪ӥѣ˫ɭɭ绪޾ɫɱɭȻ޲绪
绪ЦһɱʢҪ嵽ѸǰһԾڿн֡
绪żŭôĽ֣ٵȥûлɱˣ
Ľʧһ㣬ǲ֣绪һӵĻ߶һƣ顱һ˶ȥ
һ绪ûԭأ䵽ԱһϣôҶ졣
绪һߵ־绪ȫжȥѪӿĸŷӿһ⡣
κȻƴĿ񹥣ҪǵȦӣʹǲܳ绪ǾŸĬƾκεĿ񹥣ΡȻǿȹ̡
վȦںȻһЦǺˣ
κĬȻȻø˵֮裬ұʮ֮
˵֣ƺġ

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һΪʦɲǿܴﵽģҪԵԣǿȴûϡ
绪ŭһٴıţҲ˲Ľ벻ʲôģֻԮ֮ǰɱ˷ѡ
Զ˳Х·ߣٶ죬էһңԶúܣХʱѾ࣬ȻṦߡ
绪ܹõһǷҵĸ֪ʩչ˴߷Ǳ͵ĸ
ٺ١ӢЩ绪ЦҾˣһӣ
绪һ񣬷ϾŵȷʵСǸҪ֮ǰ߳һٴγ
һԾס˫һƣһǽǰХ죬Ѿǰ
һż򣬲Ѫָ£ĺٺЦĿκǣҡҡͷһˣҪ
绪޲һԽԽХЩţϾȪųƶǣܲͬھ
ŭܣĽһֱûּ֣ƫƫҲ֪ڵʲô
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ڵЦЦȻֹ͵ķ
绪һӰǰһѾ˷ǰڿȴң͵һƣʵӡӭϺӰ
ĽĺӰָ罣ӡһģ࣡һ죬Сʯ
һ漴ۡ³һѪһֱֱ䣬ȣĽĳһơ
ࣣԴϰը
ߣĽڿһۣٿĵ绪ǰץߡ
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ү׷һװŭ

Ӣ귶Ȫһڿнס˷ѣĲ췢һŭ
Ҷ£ŭУѪӿæ˹ѹƣɵĻ
ȪһʧԭأĽ绪ʧķ׷ȥʮ˴Ƭ̣κһߣ
ʮתߣʮʧأеҪƴɱκǵ汳еĻеͷĬʧȥκǵ뿪
Ľɫ࣬绪һдȴǻسǵķ򣬳ɽۡ
绪һǻŭȫȥֻ̾ĽջἫ׼һɱѷĵԴ
һˣĽһֱڵᣬֻϧԼû뵽ɱ˷ѣصȷȪˡ
ﵹеŤͷ棬ȻȪӰӣһҺľ
ܰɣȪ׷ˣյĽߣѹȴжȥǰľٵˡ
㴫ǶˣĽ΢Ц
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Ľһüͷͷ⵹Ǹ鷳
һƴǱȷʵ£ķܲ㲻Ľٴμӿ졣

ӿ֮ʺȻһۣתϱȥۼŷɽͷȴûȥȪ
ôȥѽ绪üʡ
ĽХѶţ˵ǰ˵أ
绪Ȼһѣæͷȷʵܡ
ĽƮƮ죬ٶȴ磬绪Ӱ죬һ˦˷Ȫ
һ쵽ɽ֮ʣһۣٴɽ಻ĴɽС
󺣣绪һŤͷѾ˷ȪӰӡ
ĽƮƮһСɽȣЦ⸽Ҳеصڰɣ֪Ļȥá
СɽȵμΪΣֺСѷɽɢŵ
֪绪Ȼ
ĽЦЦɽӦÿһɽһڣʹҲɣ
ߣɲ׼˵ȥ绪бһۡ
ĽͷҲ֪үû
˷Ȫû⡣绪
˵ɽߣܿʯǰʯڲ̦ںһƬ
һܣȻƣ¡һ죬ϿһʯŤͷ㣡
ʯ󣬽·ɿ켲ߣѾʩչṦת۹һǰȴСԺ
˳˵صֱСͤﰲ񣬰ιǰľлع񣬳һ
Ҫ˵ŲСС㣬
绪ߵ㣬ôˣСֵģ
һСͤûվȱеҵ˴


38 ټ
绪ߵ˵ʲôôţǣ
æС㣬ҵļʦѾڴˣڽӴأ
Ҫʲô绪üĽ
ĽǿˣǲС
Ƕź£ܿó绪ҡͷš
Ľ룬˼άתС㣬Ҫһܷͷʲôط
ʲôط绪ʣʲôͷѽ㲻һ£˭Ҳϲõģ
Ľҡͷϳ
Ϊʲôѽ绪üʡ
ĽǷʹҲò
绪룺ţǺðɣ³ȥûӹѣ
ĽͷӦ绪ҲȥһҪģܲ
绪ƲƲǿģ
ĽҡͷŤͷʣ㣬Ƕ˭ˣǷȪ
ţ˫۾Ƶģˡͷ
ĽϳΣСıķתʩչԦǾɡ
뷶Ȫ׷һӣȪϳӰ绪Թܲ
绪һת뵽̾ĵͷԼˡ
תԦǾʱΪ֮һ䣬˼֣Ҳ仯Ȼԣģ绻һˡ
Ϊиı֮ԦǾҲǲףȻûǰһת֮仯ǰ仯ǿҡ
绪ȻС㣬һأ
绪ЦߣȥһӾţ
ߣ˷ܵĵ
ĽҡҡͷĿ뿪üҡҡͷⷶҵ߯󣬻ѣŭĵĳ嶯
СͤȴǴۣ֮дԲȫ壬ֻģһƬ
ҡҡͷ֮Ҫǿϧ֪ǿҪרעڹվŬһ˵

Լһʱ绪ˬģȻ鼫˳ûֵˡ
ĽʣֱߵҲ
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绪ƲƲ죬ߵֻˣܷʲô
ĽЦǿأûμҿ˸Ҵһ߷ҵҲţһ£һ
ǲң绪ҡͷߵҲǳصģ
ĽΪλȥ
Ͼǻ˰ɣ˵ԦǾǿģϾȻܿ϶绪Ц
Ľüû˵ģүأ
ֻҪҹȥ绪
Ľͷ˼оҡҡͷҪСģȪǸǵģ˵Ҫһ㻳ɱ㹻
绪ĵ˭ɣ
ɱ˷ѣ㣬ɿ泩еһ㣬˵ĵ⡣
Ľٶ˵֪ȥȪܲѿǴӣǵճӣҪ̳зμô׹ȥ
룬ֵӵϢô˵
ʲôô˵绪ʡ
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أ˭Ҳ֪ˡ绪
Ľ̫꣬߻ħ书
˵绪ʡ
ĽͷŲ˻ɣ򷶼һƲ⵽书йأƲɱġ
ţ绪ͷȥ˵һ
Ľһӣ绪Ťͷʣô
һӲҪţĽ
绪Цˣã֪űǣ
ĽüǿЦ
ðɺðɣһţ绪æͷ

֮ڳȻ󲨣֮ίʵľӿ֮иƽ
绪һֱСԺĽд书һҲ
峿֣һƬյ϶֣ƮƮһš
һϮͣԱЦӯӯһС㣡
绪ĽŰ׳оװɾ䣬˻ƣΧָƽ
Źȥ绪ӹˣʣ˭ģ
ϼҵġ
ϴ磿绪üŷ⣬ؼ㿴¶Цݣȷʵϴģ
ŹֵЦϺǵģҪԼСȥ
š绪ͷ
Ľȴû˵ʣСȥȥѽ
ȻҪȥඡ绪ԥĵ
ƳһĽЦҪҪǻţ
绪ڰ֣һЦʲôϽ
㿩һЦĽˣ
Цء
Ľ̫׳
ţһῴģֻʱͷ
ĽͷǾͺã̲ǿƲסԼⴳ
ЦİɣҶأ
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Ŀ뿪绪һ㲻ȥɣ
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ɱϴ磿绪һҸȥ͡
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Գȥһϻ绪
ĽЦЦȥȥɣܲܰ
绪м飬ߵô˵
ĽЦЦŤͷ뿪ˣ绪ıӰպ޺޶˶ţϵؼ㣬ջǾȥһϺǡ

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绪ƮƮСԺȻ뿪θŴţ˷ֵĴϡ
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ϴ磡绪ǰϺ΢ЦͷţҰСߡ
죬ˬ죬⾡ȥϦڴϣӲһѱʯڷ
ϴ£绪ʡ
ϺһҡͷЦûУ뿴С㣬˵ȥǼңǴɱ˷ѣ
绪ͷߵҵĵԽԽˣ
ˣǼͷϺҡҡͷ̾Ϣû뵽ұΪһĶأû뵽ôױˡ
绪ҿúã
Ϻһ漴ҡͷʧЦҵкɫëȷʵᣡ
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ϺǵһοֵܣίʵںδѰ֣
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С˵ϺæΪ㸸׷ԣǾͲ棬ǺȤ
绪ֻҡͷź촽

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ϴ磬͵ɡת뿪Ϻεĵ˵ɣ
绪ҡͷҲٳˣչ
С׳ʲô£ȻϺЩĿơ
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Ϻ彣ü̾ȷʵ緶ѣΪ䲻ôѧȷʵʦһһ
绪ϴҲúٳ߶ɣ˵һӲ̫ƽб
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̾Ϣһ绪Ϻȴüתͷӷȴһ˴
꣬񣬿˸ʤˡ
ȪϺɫ࣬е
绪ɫҲˣһĲͣ³ü
ϺǱȭү
γ̷ļңϼ뷶ѣֶԸμ̼ңϺǵû̫⡣
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˫׶һ㣬绪绪вתԦǾ
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΢ңȴɫ䵭ıһȭү
ȪĵιøߵΪѽԭҲʦˣ
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үôˣϺһ
Ȫֵ㲻ضʣιе¡
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СϣنĪҷȪ
ϺһᶨĵүΪСȹһأ
ǺǣˣȪЦһһ絽ǰѾĳӡϺؿڡ
ϺǶϺһʾһĳ
飡ϺǺĵɳȥɹҰ䵽˴
ȪİƣҡͷߵСӣˣû˴ˣιǵҲúúˣ
绪üүԴ٣Ͳ˳Ц
ȪҡͷЦǺǣιϾʲô㲻ǲ֪һ˳Ц
¾ٶ信òȻ̫ͬҵĲ˹֮Уŷë
绪ߵ˵ɣʲôʣ
ѵʣȪɫЦμҸɵģ
绪ҡҡͷүΪɱķѣҰͲɫҿɱ
ɱǼɱǸһأȪ
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绪һŭĵ˫ƣժֵʽӿУǿ
ǺǡȪҡͷЦΪȻĵСαط£ԹԸߣɱǣ
绪ְգ
ȪǺãɣ


39 ҥ
绪һƽƣӿȫ˫ǰγһ˱ڶȥȪ
ȪһȭȭӰʵʣһͷ˹ȥ
飡һ죬ͬʱˣ绪类εƽ˫ڵ滬ƽߡ
Ȫ˺󼸲˼£жȥȻСмֵУ
绪üⷶȪȻ鴫ѣ·Ҫ˺ѣԵ쳣
ˣСպյĶţʵ
ȪҡͷСֻµĻǵøߣɣ
绪һʽժ֣೾ת·Ƿ硣
ɷǿձ磬೾γһ绪˫ƶ֮ƶ
Ȫ˫ֱһ벻ģ
绪Ȼһ˫˫͵һƣʱб£ӵײȪ
ǺǡȪЦһȭȭӰǣʱɡ
֮ѿըķѣľɢеתеı䣬еŤǳ
绪˺ɫ࣬Ȫ˺һҡμӣ취жȥ˾ҡͷһ㣡
°û뵽⽿С㾹Ϊϼ꣬Լ治ǶˣҲûбֵǰ赭д
绪һȻתߣѸ籼תѵ˰⡣
ȪҡͷǺЦСܣඡ
Ҫ׷ϣƾṦ˲伴ҲܲſڣܵſҲ£סǡ

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ȪһһĨ׷绪
һĹ绪Ѿ˴ţȺУϿٽǧˣӵһһ㴩󣬺ܿ쵽ŶȻߴһỽ
绪һͣŤͷȥĽһϮվһӵС̯ߣЦе
㡭绪æŤͷȪһƮ˹ϱҪţһգ۱Ҫ׷
̾ϢԼṦӲģ޼ɵӵõҲйԼݣҪ
Ľ΢ЦλϹأ
ʲôʱˣ㻹˵绪Ťͷһۣү׷ˣӲ
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ĽҡҡͷǿδأҸû˵ĵط
á绪һۣϬһ۱֪Ľ˼
ŤߣͷȥȪѾ׷ϣӺһԾţȴֻ绪ıӰ
ҡҡͷûȥ׷绪Ṧһ㣬ܵԶҲûãԽԶǷųźţԼҲԮ֮ǰʰ
Ǳƶ˼绪Ͳܵ
绪ת۹һƬϺҲ׷ϹģĻȻˡ
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С˭ɱѶȪ
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绪ҡͷŪˣ
Ȫ˸ǲײĲˣĪϾִݻӣ
˵͵ĳ绪״Ʒ

ˡ顱һʱ֮绪ǿֵķժֵ֡
ȪķѷΪʮйѾھ·磬ʱܡ
Ϻ͵䵽Ȫ󣬻ƿ񹥣ΪǳȪһƣٴķڿһѪأҲá
绪Ŀһۣϴ磬㲻Ҫɣ
ҪСߣϺǳĽеɬ
绪ߵҸƴˣ̫
ߺȻĽȥпϹӡ
绪ĽĶʱһĪķʽٴԲ⣬һߡ
²ͣˣԽԽ죬ȪʽԽԽ죬绪һֱѶţҲʧģҪ˲ϵ
绪˰ԶѾ֣˰ɽԺĽ񹥣ƴ
绪䲻֪⣬ȴԥִУʽȻӿ죬һƴͷڷȪ벻⡣
ȪüһһӦԣ֣ãǸһٺú١
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һĨٿһ£漴Ȫһͣ绪ƽʵʵؿڣʱɳȥ
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ӰĽڷȪߣͷ̽һҡҡͷȻ
绪ɵ
ĽЦˣ
ˣ绪ʡ
ĽͷѾҲɡ

绪ɻĿԼƣȻƮƮǰŲʿ˷Ȫ˿ڣȴĿһӣѪð
ԭŤͷһۣĽǰˣʬ
ðɡ绪ü
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˵ʧǰ绪ҡҡͷЦһ£ȥϺǣϺûϴæȴǳ˴ܲίʵѵá
ȥ죬ƽ˾ȪʧٲûʲôĽ绪һֱСԺſŲȥܹһķͷ
˴Ļ̫ı֪ҶҪըˣҪμҵ鷳ɣϺûѴ˵
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峿ʱ֣Ľ绪Сһһժ֣òɿ
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˼սƮƮԾһϮഺãˣȴüëһ
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С㣬鷳

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绪üɫ
Ľĵ˭ɢҥء
ߵǴ
绪ҧź촽Ľ

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绪ҡҡͷѩԭԿ壬һ㣬ء
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лĽ绪ľ֮Ȼ̾Ľǹˣѵһ
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³뱾а̫Զ΢Ц
Ľüͷһֱţ
΢ЦУɳ
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Цһֱ䣬͸źݣûнġ


40 ̫
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䲻֪ûƾ³Ǿ벻Զ㲻ܲͬ⣬ٻһط뿪μңҲΥ
ڰ֣ҡͷЦԹұɣһʣ뻪ã
ĽЦЦˣСһԵ𣬲漰Ů˽顣
áͷ̾˵ʵڲܵʡ˺ܶġ
ĽЦſ䣬Ȼг˼䣬Ľûٶ˵ʲôûȰ绪޵μңԼû˵⻰ķ˵ͽЦ
г˼䣬巢ʣ˵ЩţĽȹһյ裬Ȼ뿪
ǷǷĿ뿪һӰȴκü԰ף̾ܣǸǰˣ
ͷܶϣȡɾ䣬ϵһС
κһδɱѣ֣ǰһ³֮У˵Ǿϲ
ҡҡͷ̾ϢҵʲôϣֻһˮСŮ˽飬ǴֻҪ΢һ£˵ȴȥȳ
κͷЦиԧֺããȲ淴֮ģ֪ܲȥ飬ҿţҲûʲô㿴޼òƽƽʵڲϲŮ֮վ飬ദ̫ãһֿ̫þˡ
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κڻСٴһͻܵĿˣܼҲǲ⸸ף
⵹Ҳǡͷ
³Ǳߣʵڲоͷ˰ɡ
κҡҡͷҿһΰɣ޼½Ծߣѵһ˲ţ˵ܽɣǾͷ

ĽصСԺʱ绪Сͤţ֣Ľ߹ȥ
绪͵ĵô˵ʲôˣ
Ľһݺòʹȥ³ǡ
³ǣ绪Ȼɴ۾Ҫȥ³ǣ
ĽͷҴӦ˼
㡭㡭绪ˣ۾ôʹӦѽ
ĽЦ֮Υ
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绪³ҲҲμҵĵ̣ȥ˵֮Σ
Ľͷ̾Ϣһԭˡ
绪̫ðɣ
Ľͷ
绪ҡͷѣ̾ѽ㣬ǴһͿһʱϷȥ
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ߣ̫ɶˣȥǣ绪ڵתߡ
ĽڰֵѾӦˣһ԰ɣ³ʱܻ˵ƾҵṦ򲻹ʲôס
绪³ǿɲﶼй˼ɣԻ̫ƽ³Ƿҵĵ̣ǿû˼ɣ
ĽЦһ֪У˵ҷȤˡ
ˣˣ绪Ťͷߡ
Ŀ뿪ĽҡͷЦЦʱ֪ͨ˼֪ûɱԼ֮⡣
³һĪսվסţ˵ʲô֮ϲܽμ⣬οһ¸־ѧ
ĻǴʦǱˣȥһ˵пܣҼʶһ¸ҵľѧҲǾ֮
ޣȥһһԥĴӦ壬²ܲͷʶʱá
һ绪ߺߵĻǺ죬𣬺޲óһ㣬Ľûȥǣ֪˱

ʱ֣Ϸ㣬԰һСͤף裬Ʒ
ֵܣҪȥ³ǣϷʡ
ɫ󣬿ܹ˵ģڻЩ̫Ҳ˶֣ڼ䲻ܺȾƣ˱Բơ
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ĽͷϷɼֵܣ㻹Ǹɣ
ĽǺЦҡҡͷ
Ϸɵֵ³ǸǷҵĵ̣̾ʦ֣
ĽͷϷɽŵֵʦ֣ǶǣҲûʤġ
Ľ̫ûʦ֣
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Ľȥӱǡ
ֵҪܻӾͺˣϷҡͷ
ĽЦЦİɣԱ̫֮𣬼ȻλʦҲûġ
Ѿ԰׺ߵ˲ʶĺģ
ϷɵС˵˵³ܴܲ
԰ɨһĽӲܴס˲ɣܲǸ
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ܿҹɫӿСͤյ磬ͤȴҹɫʣ·磬ǿ绪ˣ׷׸뿪
Сֻͤʣˣ绪棬俴

ĽЦп֪ɣûʹӦ˼˱ѡ
ཻһĿţ˰ΣĽЦ֪ʱС֪
֮󡣡绪
Ľͷ̾˿ͦ졣
绪ݺݵһۣź촽˵úܶ໰˵ƫƫ˵
ĽЦİɣÿ
죿绪ѿʵ
Ľȥ̫ʮһΰɣվһһΣƾҵṦƬ̹ڳûʲô𡣡
ðɡ绪ͷ
ӻͳһĲӵݹȥĽֽӹͶȥѯĿ⣬绪³ǵϣ̫ãϸΣúÿ
ĽЦŵͷȷʵҪóȻȥ֪ǳ֮ˣ߷պ»
ַ˷һ°Ȼ飬绪¶Цݣһû˵ֻǾţΧֻ֦ܰҡ˵ĺ
СͤƮ컵Ϣ֮
֪У˻عʱ¶Ȼһҹȴ޲ʱһЩ
һ̫սСͤʱγѣ绪ŤߣĽµһ죡
Ľúоһ³ǣһɣ̫ã۷ɰã㶦
ǿ൱øʤһѹһһѹסá
û˼ɣ̫۷ɰҲһҲͻ֮ͷǲҶ̫ʿɶֹ
̫ǼԸǷΧ̫μΧұǳҡ
۷ɰﲻκһңʦֺɣʵǿ̲һЩȻʦ֣в࣬һɣǣҳ棬Ȼаʤ

Ľţ˼е̫Ϊλ·磬ѹ̧ͷԭ۷ɰϡ
̫۷ɰ֣Ȼûùӳԣ۷ɰ֣̫ø
۷ɰΪ֣⵹һ⣬ѵ֪һ̫ˣһҪʰľǣ
һףǲ᲻֪֪֮ƫ֮ȻҪϸŪ
ȥ³ǣִϣŪǽ֮
뵽Щٷģڶ棬һлҪȥᣬۼΪʵΪ顣
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ĽܿʰһźΪũǣȻһ·˸·ͣͣ˰ŵ³ǡ

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Ȼһвû󷨵Ĵڣȥ޴ɼûŤ֮
˿û󷨸֣󷨸ѵһˣүǰ㺱ֺ֮Ҫ֣軷ʦУȱһɣʦѡ
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ĽźΪũߣ˳ſʱʮٴɫȴûмֱ֮࣬ӷС
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ĹٸǿƣܵĹٸһ㣬оǿǿȴҲΥɷҴͬٸһܲǡ
ϳˮŷǸ̯ӣ̯廨ŵĽ֡
˴Ⱥܿһߴĸۡǰ
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ŤͷЩһֵվţǴĥƢʶЩСӻɰɣ


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Ľɨһۣо˲ԵͷΪѵã֮£˾״̬Ҫϲųɡ
죡죡ٿ죡һ졣
ĽŤͷȥȴһĴɤӴȣ׳һĺ⣬ͷְӲէǺС
Ľһòˮ³ӵĴ׳ͭĴһɣǰĴ󺺶ʱһء
ҲǸģԲ׳һͷܣȴһЩҲһأԼʮ꣬󺺲ʮ꣬м
СӾǸث֣ŭȣϽ֣
Ұɣ󺺰ֲĲѡ
ŭȵث֣ҶҴģ㻹ϺԹԵ
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ΪũĵĵСĵķȭһ;ףòҪӲƴ
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һ֮³ɽʯ㵯ȥһ䵽Ľǰǰ֮Ƶȭͷ
ײȭͷڣһֻСͷ漴ͷȭɳųĽ˺顣
Ľʩչ֣һθһͷһȭͷɳҪײֵİڡ
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ĽüĪҵֶΣ
Ҳţһ뾡ܿѹ̫ãֱӴ³ɽһߣ³ɽ³ǵһ֡


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ţֳɱΪũͷ

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˫÷趯ʽ³ɽ׾ɣʤɣһʮᡣ
ϧ˵Ϊ·԰û֮أԶҴƽߵĲֳ

Ҵĵӣид裬ιУƽû֮䲻׶֣ǽֵľࡣ
һಫʱһ߶ѣƽ߲һߣУƽֺʹĳɳҲزۡ
ʽ³ɽμ穣ʮ֮·磬ʮ᧿Σ
Ϊũνʱȥ֪һȻŭŭŭɡ
飡³ɽȻɳȥؿڲ֪һƣƷŪۡ
ΪũȥҪס³ɽθ죬ǰһе³ɽ
ס֣ΪũŭϼŤ
ڿ˫͵һƣšءĹӿ³ɽҪϯ
³ɽȻ͵һᣬ·𱻾޴ƽƣ˲һߣǡñܿ˹ֽ
ĽջеĴĴָһĴͶͣ򣬻ûָؼʱ̽
סһŤͷĽΪũ
ΪũҲĪıϣ뻯Ϊȴһת䲻ȴûͣԼ³ɽס
³ɽһѪȴ͵ȥƺΪũԼվ
Ϊũæ
³ɽɫǺ죬Ǻ˾ƣһѣվɴ۾ǰΪɱҰɣ
üͷǡ
³ɽЦǰӢһΪθҵ߹
Ц˴˱˴ˣ³ҲӢΪθʵμҵĹزΪۻкβã
³ɽ˸ҡͷ̾Ȼˣ³ķ㵽ף
áΪũе
³ɽڰ֣Ϻ㲻ض˵ˣ̫Ҳˣ̫ˣһŻʲô˼
ΪũɽڲûգֻҪڣ̫þڣ
³ɽֲѣҿûôɣϺÿ

ĽȻһ㣬³ɽȻסֱͦͦΪũ
ΪũʶĽס͵̧ͷɴ۾ĽӦʲô£û뵽էĽ˵ǡ
Ľ¸޼ɡ
ø˵һ絽ǰƮƮһưȥʵʵӡƮ
һƮƮȴüҲƮƮһӭϡ
䡭紺׹һƬ
˱紵۾۾ƣվԭء
һƸһƣ˾վԭػƣ޼ԣĽᣬΪȡʤĽ⡣
ѪУһ˶ʮƣ˽¶ֹѣǾʯӿ¡
ࣣСʯͬʱ˿ǵɫ԰׵ûһѪɫ
ŨİȻӿ˳ӷ˿ɿͷһơ
һȻ£һЦǺǡúã³ǵһҪˣ
˵Żһһ絽ſڣҡͷһЦһѾʧǰ
ĽüίʵƲ磬ʱôһ䣬֮ԣȴЧ
ΪũɿƳһ³ɽ³ɽǿ񿴵ҡҡ׹һʧҲʧȥ֧ȥ־˹ȥ
Ϊũڰ֣ﶼɢ˰ɣµģֻˡ
ĬȻͷ֮ɫϡ
³ɽǵľ֧Ȼ£ǼȸоãȻǣ֪᲻ٴ
Ϊũ˵˼ЦЦʹˣҲӦֲ˺õġ
ĽҡͷЦֻ˱ˣľҲǿסʵڲ

ΪũЦ̫绢ø˲ǣ
¶ЦݣΣѹͷǿԮ룬ȷʵϲɺء
Ϊũ³ɽĽ֮룬˰³ɽõϣȻһ˵
Ϊũ̾Ϣһο
ĽҡҡͷǵСˡ
ţһɳһοܸΪũüͷ
Ľ⼸ñȥ߶ʹȥҲЩˡ
˵ͣסʦٶҲȻ
ΪũȰġ
Ľ˼Σգһȥ˵ɱЩҴʲôֶζʹó
ĽǺŰ
ţ˵ġΪũͷ
Ľ룬ûٶ˵էռȣɣΪ
뿪ΪũſڣȻصǰ³ɽʵڲġ
ɳʦһͷȻҪƤԳָԤˡ
ȻƽʱʹҴ壬ﲻмȴҴĿ£һɽСС̫ãμ޵֧ºӦ
£еĵܲסѹջһЩ£ϵ̫ôʧ
Ȼ𣬺Ϊũæǰ
³ɽϣ۾ãȻһѹ̾ϢϺȻ
ΪũͷȻܵòԩ
³ɽţҡͷЦ
ΪũЦǸģҲʲôҰģ̫黳
³ɽҵҪأȵġ
˭óɱ⣬ĽȻ֣ڵ³ɽѾǾʬˡ
ΪũͷȷʵᣬΪߣıҲǹˣֲС㡭

ͣסŤͷɿƳһܣЦҡҡͷ
³ɽСǸģһ˿ɲİϺСģǸܵģ
ǺǣĨ档ΪũЦ
³ɽߵˣʲôģƴǣϺҪչˣ
ΪũϲԶԣչغã
³ɽб˽ΪũһӾ֪йŹ֡
ΪũæԽǿ̫Խǿ
ȴ̾Ϣ³ɽǿҲȲ÷ҵĸ֣Ψһıμɸֹ
³ɽ̫Σգܳȥá
ţ³ɽͷֵȥɣһС˱С֡
Ϊũͷ˳ȥϹЦݣûԼĵĿȰʡĿࡣ
ڶ峿ΪũһӷܹҪȥΪũҴҸϵ
ϵʱ³ɽѾ߳ţſһĨɫ½ǡ
ΪũҡͷԲȰֱӸ³ɽ棬ϱй䣬Χӡ
³ɽ߹֣΢ЦΧķ֣
ÿﷱĳ棬һ඼ֵģ̫þǵıɡȫ۷ɰãǾûӹ
Ȼڴ֪ߵ˴ֵľͷתߣһ飬Ȼȥ
߳ʮ͵ĶɨӣĿɨΧЦһôĵӣ
һŲ̵̣һ̯ӵСһӵĹӸ磬˳ǰΧڵС
ԭȺУһֱиʱȴ޼ɵĿʮԶΧڵС
³ɽЦİɣ
ݺᣬһĳ࣬С͹棬ԲɱģӸӢҡЦ³ضʣ·ɣ


43 
Ȼұ³ɽҡͷЦҵʲôʱ㵨Сˣ
ӸҡҡӣЦȨǷҵİɣ
³ɽüǣϢתûȫָ̫ңڶֺʤġ
ؼǣǶǶ֣ṫӸ£ѲҲʦ֣
ǰ㣬ʦֿǺúܡ
ڷңҲǲܣҴĵʵһ⣬ǶųֶΣܹͳʦ֣ϡ
⹫Ӹ˵飬Ƿҵģ˷һ˭Լ鷳Լδɱ
ϸڶݺݵˣԺ˼άתӡ
ǵкԩ𣿣һʡ
ӸЦеĵԹ޳𣡡
Ϊˣ³ɽü
ӸЦ˳Ǯʰ㡣
˭³ɽߵ
ӸҡҡͷǵඣģֻҪɱ㣬һƽ³㻹ֵͦǮ
һ³ɽҡͷҸǰɱΣ
һ˵һεĴ˸ƣ̫ãһЩ䣬ò̫õӡ
۵ĻԶãеӽǧˣֻ˶ӣʲôĶУ̾ϾͲ̫õΧӣ̫õĶĿ
̫õõεģ䣬ֻ鱨̫ñһʲô£Ի̫ó
ƽʱʱ񣬻Ҫװʶ
ʱǿ³ɽĽԮźţ˴ݳȥת۹ܴ̫á
ΪũѿȴڳɣǵȻ䲻⡣
³ɽƣԥҪͦȴͬʱˣٿĻΪӰӵ³ɽǰ
顭һƺͬߴ׹

ĽԼСԺΨһľǴִ֮ܵĴ᲻ᷢ仯
ûͻͽֻпԭ̤˾ãԲķӣһЩݾ
ĽǰҲ룬ֻһ·ߣһܻͬΪһ̸
ҪΨд;һ·עǼ˶ǰȥġ
־ᶨֱΪָ룬Բ꣬һֱĬĬŬǿµľ΢֪ܸоЩĽһֱ
ʲôʱܹͻƣΪʦֱȴֻּܸܼټֻ֣һ;
ԽԽǼѣ·ÿһΣԽĳأͬˮ
ǰǷֳһ˿չ֮۹³ǣԽأֻջ˿ȫעƶ
ɬͣУԽԽѣ˼̲ס
ĽᶨƶȫעϾ˼֮¡
֪˶ãֱһͣƶֳһ˿нŲ
վСԺ
Ľ˵
֨СԺƿһҴҽüĿ㣬еΣĽеԮѶţ
ĽһһУŴ򿪣걻ǰĽüʣڣ
ȸֶͷѿ˵ֱ
Ľͷţסţ
ǡһ£æӦճĽѾʧڣ·Ϊ˿
ĽʱѾۣ֮ҹ˲ֱʩչ˴Ų˲䵽³ɽǰ
³ɽѾأһ֪Ϊũǰֵ˵Χ״ÿһжͬھ
˵书ѷʹͬھҲסˣѾƣǴѪɫ԰ףԽٻҡҡ׹

ĽɫһϢһָָϢǰȻ
ǡΪ˱ܿΪũȭͷһײָ顱һ죬񱻾ʯײɡ
顱һ죬ֱֱײԱǽϣһǽϲ䡣
ĽһָǳľһһԴԴϵķһƽһĵϡ
ľǰѧѧһһԽǿᣬѧߵǴ󿪴·ӣעǿᣬϸ΢򲻹עԶȲԭ硣
ѧЧ
һŤͷĽһѾ˺ΪũǰΪũԥһ
Ľƻ˸ƾң
ʣֱΪũ񣬺ΪũҵΪ֮һ壬ɴ۾ŬĿ
Ľİɣˣ
ΪũĵͷȻһҡǰĽַסŵϣƲ鿴һ³ɽƣš
˰ǽϹŵ߷£Ľ
ǸղŲ쿴ƣܵĽھίʵǰδɵòӡ
Ľˣҵˣ
¹ҡ΢Цķף׺ηʥ
ĽͨȻ֪ȷʵǷ֮ˣǰҵģüЦˮ죬Ǵụ́
ҥԿȻãţ£ܲţˮ㣬ίʵ
¹ӵ΢Цһкη֪̫û᲻ֱ
ĽСκ̫ã
¹΢ЦǵҪඣ
ৣһϣһĽǰȰƮƮһƣһСŶ֣ȭ䱳ġ

ĽսپһȭһƵǰźһһȭһƽҪཻ֮͵ջء
ʦ磬շġ
Ľ͵һȭףײа¹ǰ
¹Ҫ֮ܿʣѪһ£ղǿջƾ񽭺֮ˮȻһʹתһ¡
飡¹ӷ˳ȥڿһѪײǽڣȻĻ䣬һˡ
СһŤͷߣһĨ㣬˰¹̣תʧ
Ľ׷ϣ鿴˵ƣ³ɽƹŹ֣ȥ֮ȻɬУȻǾ٣һµɫ˼֣
ĽɫһҪ书
Ϊũأã³ɽȴѣʹҲˣ
ҡҡͷ֪³ɽܲܵסﾭѾ٣ʹзҵҩҲඡ
һϷָܻΪû˼ֻǾ𣬳˷ҵҩָܹ³ɽƲͬ˸ҵҩҲûá
ҡͷ̾ϢȻЮĻ̫á
ʩչṦܿҰ˻صСԺŵϣΪũϣ߶³ɽϻԲѡ
ӻͳ״ƿֱ˷һѩ׵裬Ȼ˹ҩ˵ĺƽ˼֡
ȻһְϺΪũؿڣתɢҵ޲塣
ȿȡȿȡΪũҿ
Ľ԰ؿڣξתƽϢĿԣΪũ۾
ã񽥽ΪũЦǼһ
Ľ࣬λûô
Ϊũʡ
ĽҡҡͷɫΪũɫ䣺
Ľ֮ǣ书Ǳסˣúݶļһ
Ϊũһĵͷûã
Ľҡͷ̾û书벻
Ϊũû书ֻҪھͺã

Ľҡҡͷ⿴ʲôˣһ˶أ˽⣬³ɽȴǸģ书ñأΪ书ϲҪ
Ϊũζ
ĽҡҡͷľΣԼһֱ³ɽһֱӸϹȥҲˡ
˵³ɽĽſΪũƮ䣬³ɽۣĽĵҩá
ⵤҩĽ绪ؼʱģȻЧޱȡ
³ɽѹ˫׹䣬Ҫɱˣ˹ջɷ
Ϊũ³ɽ˵Ľ˾ԼˣȻֽ³ɽơ
³ɽһըëʲô书
һɤˣɴ۾ץźΪũ첲˻Ϻҵ书ˣ
ΪũЦҵӵģ
³ɽ۾еû书
Ϊũæʲôзӵģ취
ʲô취˵³ɽæǿ
ˣΪũܲסЦǰڵĵڿǶĴɣ˵ҩ
ɲɡ³ɽҡͷģδɲɽ
ΪũæֻҪдŹȥȻҩӻˣ
ߣ⻰˵߯³ɽһۣߵѾͷܻܲ
Ǿ͸˵ˣΪũæ
Ľ¶ɻ飬ΪũŮʾڰѧأ֪ڰɣ
Ľͷ˽´ƣߵ£緱ǣеٮٮҲ࣬μڱҹǴңȴСúܡ
˺ݵĴɣ䲻һμȻȻɿܡ
ĽȻ³ɽû뵽ͷ

³ɽ¶Ժ飬Ϸ
ĽЦŮǿϲɺأ
ΪũǺЦث񣬱Բ׶ˣѾͷȴúܣ֪ĸСӣ
³ɽûĵϺðˣҲ뾪Ѿͷ
һָ򶨣ĽƳһۺΪũץס³ɽŶһŮƽ
ΪũʲôʱˣӲţǰɣһ޸鵤
Ľͷ⵹ǡ
³ɽҡͷǲϴӦ
Ľһ£һӣһԡ
˵˵³ɽæ
Ľķ֮Ч޸ľЧԶȲ鵤
κ𣿡³ɽæʡ
ĽҡҡͷûԹ
ΪũǻǸҩɣ
³ɽһɣ̫Զҩ֪£̫类ˣ
ΪũҲ߯Сˣ
³ɽͷڰ֣Ľ԰ɣ
Ľͷǲɣٸҩ١
Ǿǣ³ɽæһۺΪũѺΪũĻɻȥ
ΪũεĵǺðɡ˺ܺɣ
Ľͷǡ
Ϊũһ֮ʣӦ
³ɽüͷ⵹Ǹ⣡ô죿
ĽЦһͣסʱãɣ
³ɽߵǱһѶ˾ͺãڿʼɣ
ĽЦЦΪũһȰɣ˺֮ǻȻᱻһѶˣ


44 
Ľĵҩ飬ĽæΪũڵȬ˴룬˶
³ɽɴĴߴĽʼ꣬ûʧ
ھĽǿغ֮࣬ȴʩչûƥﻳ书ݺ£Ҫ׷кӹ
ԭ磬ϡȴһ޶Ŵɳ˸ǣȴͬμҽһݺᣬ
ĺ֮ǣȻʩչ³ɽƴɲأֻķתɡ
ҩȴ飬ŨҩĵҩǿƳɵĵҩ顣
֪鵤ܲҽٵĵһеĻϾžָܻ书⵹Ǹ鷳
ĽСΪũվڿſһһĽ³ɽڿİϣ³ɽǰĽ˫ƵģҲһ
Ľβʱ³ɽǰһС³ɽ̫׳ʵ
Ľע³ɽڣȻһķתɬУǳ
ķ죬ѭеľһķȻͬߵȫͬ·ӣеľǴû߹ģҪһ·Ȼ
Ľ㹻㹻񣬻ƽʱʮʱһ죬ȴܹڵΪѾ
һ֮Ľ˫ƣ䵱Ȼٴתܶʼһʮ˸졣
ʮ˸֮֮Уһƣ˹ʮ˸ίʵ٣һˣܲס
³ɽ׳࣬ǿ֣뾭ȵȣȴǲʮǧ
ǰת壬ͣǿ뾭̲һ˷塣
Ľһƶʮ˸죬³ɽļޣȥҪҪѭ򽥽

³ɽ͸׳ʵתȥǵһΣĽᴩ˺糶ʹ裬Ӳޱȣһδԣֻд졣
Ľ֮Ȼת죬ָһЩ뿪齣Ϊũˡ
ΪũδҲҺܹؼ³ɽƲӣҲڰæ
Ľ붨ֹۣ֮κ˿СԺУͷ졣
̫ڰĵ⣬̿ϴһѵõĺĩջļڣԼѾˡ
һˣĸӦû⣬ж㻤ţȻ٣ŮҲԱҲû⣬ľԸӦǸԵ飬Լ
ԼҪȥǼһǣʹ͵͵ȥ͵͵
ʱƣԽԭ࣬ԼڱҹݣѾ˲ŶʢСһʮݣǻֺ׳
ԭѾµһ֣׷µһʱ̼ǳʮ㣬һΪµһȴģû˴̼У᲻Ҳġ
磬ٴ˾ͷ̼ʮ㣬дŲֻҪСһЩ󷨣֮ǣԷĵĴ
֮ѧϰ󷨣ΨһԼŲĶֻҪ͸ˣҵƽ֮ĸǡ
ȻܳΪʦòϧʦô״ɣӴ磬ѧ˲ˡ
˼䣬ȻһŮƮȻ̫ãδڵӣɴƮƮϢǱСԺԶŮλʦ
ڰɴܿᣬλ˶һ˫峺԰ΣԹǡ
ȵŮȻ峤
Դ磬ɴûʹģȭŹţȭŵ졣

ƮȻСԺ⣬ҪƮǽĽһǰηʥ
˭Ů˺һߵ
Ľҡͷ£뿪
ߣ߱ߣܲţŮһƮǽͷ
ҪƮȥһײߣëը𣬸оΣգ´գƮԭأŤͷĽ
Ľջȭͷҡͷ﾿Ǻˣǵѣ
ߣɱ³ģŮһһƮĽǰƮƮĳƣһƵӡƶײĽ
ĽƣһӡҲɳӡڿײ࣡һ죬Ϊޣʱĵ
Ůߵмֱ£
ƣһӡɳĽü̧𣬴Ĵָһ͡һХһָӡֱ䵽Ůǰ
Ůһֻܿȴһָֻ֮ܡ
֪޷סָֻһ;ĽʮָԿɣһָһԼȥסΧ˺;
һˣĽһٽһһˣܿ뿪СԺʮɣĽԾɲġ
ָ׾ϸܣƵðŮʮɣҪǰ
Ůּգ߳ŰγһӣѩһУߡ
ŮֻϴӿȻҪַɳҧ˹ϣӶ𳤽
ʢһ˶滨ѩײãͣ
ŮԽԭĽָ֮¼֧Ųסȴסˡ
ĽüָָճȭջȻһһʵȭӡײ򳤽
ɵзš
Ů߳ŷȥӳĽָһУȻʧ鶯ڵȴ࣬ʱָ

飡飡죬Ůֱֱȥ
ŮУȥ֮һֹȻ󳤽һָ뽣һΪһ׺ֱ
ĽָòǵˣоɱĴڣŮûɱ
ŮлҲ˾һûУܹʩչɱš
Ľͷһμ㽣һСŲƣܿһ̫죬һѾǰûܵء
Ů볤谭ƿӰӣһŤֳͬĽ
Ļ̌𣬴Ĵָһ
ͣһɫײŮɼ
ָײߣһһǰ֮ƶʱһĽһ
Ǻýֻϧ֮ΪԼָ֮ס⾫֮
㽣ͷһεüײһԼ൱ԼΣˣ
֨ԺŶ³ɽ󲽳Ϊũ˵ɫãϢţȻûɫ
³ɽŲһͣɴ۾
ŮŤͷʱϲе
һ³ɽǰ§סӻеһ
³ɽüЦ֣֪ˣֻǺǺɵЦΪũɴ۾ŰŮ
Ľһᣬȴֱ񣬾˻ϲеĸŮ
ŮŤͷһ³ɽǺЦСŮ񣡡
񣡡³ߵ㣬Ųãң
˵ҡ³ɽִĸ첲ҳ
³ɽЦҡͷٺ٣ŮΪඣȵģ
ĳģ³ߵ

ĽӣεĳΪũЦЦΪũЦˣΪģɰǲ٣Ҫڣϼһûˣ
³һ壬Ҳˣ
ҵ˻ɣ˸ͷΪũҡͷȴ³ɽˣϺЩͱˣ
Ůǰҿɲ£ΪũЦ书ˣ
³ɽŭɺΪũ³һ³ɽ书ˣô£
С³ɽ׳첲»󣬺ߵ˭ɵģ
ΪũҵģҲ֪˭µ֣ʦɲһö
³˸һҪ𣡡ǽȥɣҿ
úãݽݡ³ɽǺЦ
˽ݣ³ɽʲӽ˰ɣŹƵģ
ˣŸ̫ˣ³һ˵һ߽˰ɴʱһ˵ĽճĽǰ
ֱͦıӣ򢣬ۿִ˵лѪľɫ˶
˰ɴ֮Խ䣬ǡ
ΪũЦŮʮ˱䣬ԽƯ֪ĸС⸣ڰˣ
塪³һۡ
ΪũǺЦϧСӲ䲻
ϲСĽģ³Ц
Цٻ⣬˵֮۲ɨĽʱϱɫ
ĽЦһԲ˵Ȩɿֵġ
˵ŻĹ³һֱ³ɽ̽ƣհλãߵôݶַǸ
ôܲΣΪũæʡ
³ͷܣ
ΪũһЦҾ˵ǰɣһǶ鵤һҽΣǲ㣡
³³ɽһۣûĵֳܣ

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³Ѿɽ
ͳʦ֣ȻŸߵܣΪũͷ̾Цɸˣ
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ĽЦұ³СͿû
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Ϊũڿģָܻ书̫þϣ绢
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ҩϣΪũæ³ǿɲ
³ϵ˵ҩ̫أһ̫ݣκֻϴ񵤣ϴ񵤺ġ
ǰŪ³ɽæʡ
³ͷİɣûģ
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˵Ǹ͵ģ̫󣡡³ɽ
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̧˴ָĽһ㣬Ц绨
ĽһЦҡͷ³ɽߵѾͷ֣
Ľᣬ书ȴǿޱȣ³˿ɵУС
Ľҡͷ˲ܵ飬ȡҩã
ҲҪһ¡Ϊũ
Ľüҡͷʱ̫һһߵȰɡ
ôˣ³üûĵˣ
Ľ΢Ц֪һ
ߣ³Ʋһ·۵촽


45 ۷
ĽҡͷЦЦ
³ɽѾͷɱСҲʦ
ߣղżʶ³ûĵ
ĽЦˮҲǲʶˣ³ﲻʦţڵĴ
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ΪũǴһ˭ʤ˭Ÿͽʤɣ
³ߵȡЦң
ΪũǺЦҡͷ꿡˰ɣЩʦʦΣ
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ΪũüëǺЦ桪
ĽЦŸߵȣղҲռ˳䲻ıˣСʤһϡ
ΪũǺЦ̫ǫ飬˹ɲһܼҸ˵ЩŴɵĵҲ
³壬Ҳ߯СǰڣҲ˵ģǸʮʦܱȣҲһأ
ģΪũǺЦ
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ǵǣɴӲ˵ѵġΪũͷҡͷ̾ŴɹȻͬ죬һоܳġ
ĽЦҿɲʲô
ߣ֪ͺã³ߵ
³ɽ˲Ըε̾˿ѾͷǻȥɣӷϴҲȥúЪһЪ

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ߡ³ƲƲ۴
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֪֪³ͷĴӦ

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˸Ǻˬ֮ϲЦռΪ֣Ľ΢Цԣûж໰
ܸо³ķ޷޲ƽ֮⣬һֱԼ鷳أǶŵΪ
˸Ľ飬ǿΪĽһ书ˣд̫ãȻ硣
ǰ˸ĽϹϾģ³գǶԼûԼСѾͷȡЦǵϷģûĽԱȣΣѾϰˣ˸ǿ󣬿ĽʱܵĴǨŭĽϡ
Ľҡͷȴܶ˵³㶮£ûȴԾҧĺ촽
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Ǿǣʰ۷ɰ˺Ȼе
Ϊũæڰ֣ǾͱϹˣȻĸʦֵֻܶ
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һֱΪɱˣĽ³ɽΪũ֪ˣȴû˵ñڹٺòڰңʱΪ
ȶԸ۷ɰڳֶԸҲ٣ңұμҷѷһ㣬ȴȻʰ¡
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³ĵͷǣ
ĽЦǾ³Ԯ֣

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һԣˣһǺߣһˣΧԾܿӣɢεϢ˻䣬ܿΪ
֮ܺԣһϵһİ˵ǿǴ۷ɰİ뱣ڡ
ۣʨӱǣ³ƮƮ֮Ӣˣŭ
һɽƣһѹȻȥûȤ
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⻰ȴԽԽСȻˡ
۷һͱƵĳԣʱεһٳС̯ϰ߶أСʱֱʮ۷ɰʮɵϰ߸ĲҲġ
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۷ɵ˱һμңμҾӣɹһ̽ĵϸ𣿡
ţˡͷ

˵۷ɵ
ΧǵŲˣͣ˽ΧǶ塣
μСĸһֱμׯμСμׯһˡ
۷üͷһ£绪ˣ
ǡͷ绪ΪʦμҵĵλȻ޼ҲˮǴߡ
ʦμҲμҡ۷̾Ϣ
ημҵĳˣҪСˣЩֶκʲôɵó
۷ɵǲǷ
˵Żһӻߣ΢΢һЦͷͱ
ִͱɢټĸ֭νǾ䣬Եú
۷üһۡ
۷ҡͷֹ˻꣬ҲͷԷ˵ŸղŵĻȥΪǸͨˣ书ĴӣͨʣûԼ볣˵óȻ
ŵ˾˵书ǿʤ³һ
Ŷ۷üһ£ͷȻΪ
³ֿνǴУ˲һܶԸ΢Ц
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Ǻǣٺò۷ɷ룬΢ЦǾඣ³Ǽ٣
Ӧò١
̧ͷһЦӻͳöͭ壬ҪǮ


46 ľ
öͭŵ֮ʣȻһص۷ǰѸײڶ
۷ûδʧ裬Ͼôˣд̿ǱУһֱתŻ
һ죬ǣ۷ɫ䡣
µĶһۣ͵һӣײȥӴ
ؿڵĻļףһ˱Ҫʵû뵽öͭ徹ƿ˻ίʵˡ
ССģƽʱһֱŻıܿסһؿʹȻ˰ˡ
öͭľȻбϣľһ˿˹ͬķ
飡ըϵͱ붼Ϊĩ
۷껯ΪҡͷЦЦμˣ簲Ż֣ڴϣ岻ȴƮƮˡ
۷ܰݣǴûԹлľѾˣɱӿ߶ǽ׷ᡣ
꼲磬ת۹˳ſڣβͣת۳˳ǣ۷ԥ׷
˽ʦ֣֮Աʲôת˵˳һƬǰ
Ȼͣվû뵽λǺǣ첻Ը
Ǻˣ۷ɳʡ
΢Ц̫ã޼ɡ
޼ɣ۷һۣԷ۵׵ļɵŤͷܡ
ĽЦ֪λʲô˼Ӳܵסҵİ
۷ɳߵ̫ʲôʱҲˣ
ĽҡͷЦҲѧˣ˵õһʦɱ븱
õ޹أ۷ɺߵ漴⻰ʾ֮ӣ÷ҪΪˣ

ĽҡҡͷǺǣ۰ЦˣĪҪǣʵں棬۰ﵽ״ʲô˽ʵ
۷ɴӻͳһԲεĺӣĵĲۣʱһǸղöͭ¡
Ľ´ۣ̾ɣ
㵹ʶ۷ɺߵ
ĽǺЦǳ˼ʶСķʻ괬۰ܲ¿
Ҳ޷۷һ˦ľһĨڹ⣬˲Ľǰ밵졣
Ľһ֣ڹʱΪӣĽ϶һЦЦȻӲޱȣѧһ֣¾Ͳˣǣ
ѺһһҪ֣۷æֺȵţ
ĽͣסΣЦ۰кηԸ
ߵЦһЦ˵书߾ʤ³һϷҪһ
ĽЦҡҡͷ˰ա
첻ӦϷֻԵˣ۷ɵ
Ľü⻰ȻвҪ侮ʯ
۷ɿ飬¶ЦݣΪҪģ³ɽΪũˣûʲô֣ʱˡ
ȴĽȻһЦתƮƮ֣۷ŭһ׷ֱ֡
էһ֣ȻëһɺβֱϺ󼹣ضϵס
Ϻһ͵ĳһƣƾˡ
һĨһѾ̵ؿڣڿǿһ磬ܹĿڣ̽ء
ߣصʹһĳƾŭӿһϮ¾װ³˱ܿ
ͣһ뿪ؿڣת֮ʴꡣ
ųγ۷ֻӿ˳ȥһưؿڣȻ󼲵ָХһȥ
ĽһѾڿеЦеĵ۰ߣ
һȭȭӰʵٶ죬˲䵽ĸǰϾֻӲӣ˫ƻƽơ
飡У۷ڿзһͷĽһ״ȣƮƮһȭģȭӰʵʡ

۷һɢղһֺȥһȭȴֻҧӲţٴƳ˫ơ
飡˫ƶȭӡٴηһ죬ǡ
Ľ˺׷е۷ɣ̧𣬴Ĵָ͡һХ˺²
һʸ۷ɣطһϺȣ˫͵һƣǰƺֲĺˡ
ɫƿĺˣ۷ؿڣĽǰһû׷ѣ۷ɵĻľڣָ
飡۷ԶԶ׿񱻾ľС
ĽִĴָһָ۷ɣٴһٴη
飡۷ײһôͣƬ̣󻺻䣬Ʋ䵽ϣȻ
Ŀѣ˻ŭһܲ³
³û뵽һѲһʱ֮侹ò£Ľˣĺ޻֮
ּ޲һ꣬ȴһֱ⣬ʱȻһʱ죬һ
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ĽֶУ۷ȥ䱸Ҫ̽۷ɵʵΪһ֮ɲôɱģбѧ
Ľһĳپһֹ֮ͣͣס
֮ŭһǴһȦ͵ĽĽֱ۷ɡ
ĽҡͷУĴָٴһ
һܿһָƼɣĽüĹǣȻط̼Ǳ
³һΪһ׺ֱȥ˲䵽˻󣬱Ҫᴩ䱳ġ
ĽæСģ
䣬͵ת˫͵һơ
ײϳ

³ֻһȻӿӽӿ壬岻˳ȥ
˫۲Ѫ˿ϼŤƺڳĪʹࡣ
˻ĳһƣſе³׷
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귢˿˫۵ɴ󣬷ѪâƳһơ
³Щû׶ǹһ㣬ŵβҪֵȴ
ͣһХһ֧׼˲ƿ˻ֱؿڡ
飡ָײһԽŭһٴƳһơ
ͣĽְһָƿٴײϻؿڣһ졣
Ľü֪Ҳлľ
һָһָָ꣬мָµ۷ɡ
Ƭ̹ĽѾʮָ³Ŀѣ⻻ԼӦ
ָۣе۷ɣĽԲ׵Ҫʰһ˵
ĽӭżһĽȻȥָ͵һȭ
ơһХУһӰײꡣ
飡ܣȴû뵽ӰӾ䣬ٶ죬ܵڶΣֱӷ˳ȥ
Ľ˫ʮָӣָ䣬ڿвͣĲһָϡ
飡ˤڵϣһ
ĽһһյĿ籩꣬ķ񣬵³ƮȥæСģ

³İڰ֣Ѿ۷ǰ鿴ȴ顱һ·
ͻȻۣ磬³ûӦؿѾһƣ类ʯײϣǰһѾɳȥ
ͣһָƿ䵽۷ؿڣĿƿһѪٴΡ顱ĵڵϡ
Ľһ˿Уס³ƮƮ䣬³
³ǴѪã仯̫ӦϣĽʣָŤҪĽ˫֡
Ľ֣³̤ϣͦվ˻λվˣۡ³һѪɫȴһ˿
ĽҪɣ
ղ˳ưȴش۷һͬСɣ³ûзƣʵʵİһƣѾ
³ĨһǵѪգݺݵĽһۣȻӻͳһֻƿһűӨӨĵˡ
ĽеĲ׸оʧ۷ɸǰѾ͸ˣװǰҲѾ
ҡҡͷһλ˼ֽҡ
³ߵ˰ɣ
Ľͷ󹦸ɣ³㡣
³ûĵ˵ˣˣ
Ľϼ޻֮ϳԿ㶪ˣ˲Ҫɣ
ˣ³ߵ
գû뵽ĽҲϼ޻ԼһȣһǴ
ӼߵΪգԭΪԼڣΪʦԶߴļһܱȡ
ڿȴԼԶ˼ҵĶ֣һʱ̫֮ʵڲƽ⡣
Ľǿߡ
³𣿡
ΪȻǰǴУˣȻټƽϣܲʬҰ֮ء
ĽŵͷҲá

³³ﻹܶ
ǻ³һۡ
ĽҡͷЦЦȻܸһʶֶĳ³һƲƲ죬Сļһ
ǱӲ𣬵ĽϧڿӣԾһۣæеһЩŪⲻ𣡡
ĽЦ޷һСġ
˵󣬿³ľյĶţĽ䣬뿪ˣĽѾͣ
£ʬ׷Ȼ˫һƣΧתγһС
ĽŽС𣬺Ȼֱ롣
³⸱飬ƲƲ𣿡
ᣬ٣û̫ĸдǰȥֻ˵ǿʤȴûбĸо
Ľһȥеĸ˼ѽһףתߡ
³æסʣһæˣű㻶ϲô˵ԼҲǰæˣȻɱ۷ɰİ˲ã
Ľ³ص̫ã³ɽΪũڴţ齹겻ʵڲġ
֪Ľң֪³᲻ˡ
˽æӭǰ
³ɽ³ɫ԰ףɫ䣬æʾ³ȷʵᣬȻ鵤ҩҲҪĵա
³ȴȫ⣬ܵˣ˸ɵ¸˷ܵĽ龭˵һͨö˵þĶǡ
³ɽΪũ³һϲ˷ܣ³ɽǺǴЦ
Ϊũѽ
Ľȴûʲôϲ飬ҡҡͷŲһ󷨣߹һʱ䡣
³ɽɻĵɱ۷ɲˣ
ĽЦȻˣĴʦֻһ֣ܶһô죿
³ɽΪũɫһ䣬˷ȥüͷ
ȷʵһ⣬ֻ֧̫ãίʵΣա
˵䣬һЦ𣺡³ţӭӣ
³ɽৡһ³շģ


47 
ĽһҪʲôƫƫʲôշģȻѣõġ
Ѫʾʦľ
ŤͷΪũΪũЦԴ
ĽɨһΧҡҡͷˣֻӲͷƤϣȥӦɡ
³ɽͷɨһۺΪũ³ѾͷǺúôţ
ΪũεĵͷԼδжȴܸ˶֣ȥ׸ʵʵǵġ
ֵֻܶĽһһ׸
³æҲȥ
³ɽ۾һɣ֣ⲻǶϷûģ
³ʦطѹƣܰæģмʦ
³ɽߵ
³һָĽҲԸʦҰæͲͬˣǲǣ
³ɽĽĽͷЦ³æٺò
³²Сֻȱ»һʵܾ鷢ӳ
ɱ۷ɵĽͲһͨרŵĴ֮̿ף۷ûȫܹ
۷Ϊһ֮ɱ棬鼫ᣬұܲһʦָɡ
һԣؼʱһЧǴɣȻطܹѹƵطҲʲô
ĽĻ³һһۣ顣
ĽЦ³ˡ
³׺罣һʩչ䲻ɱܽȻߵóʱһ֣
³ɽѾͷָӣ
֪³ߵ
ĽŤͷҸطֹɽ
Զԡ³ɽæͷ
ĽĻһ亹һû뵽һ뿪иΪũ޷֮ǲ
ΪũҲһͷãһصš

˵򣬹Цٴ𣺡³̫þ֮𣿡
ͭӴ̫Ͽ𵴲ݣѹ̫ڵѪӿ
Ľ컺˵ԶӭҪ黳
촫ȴ糱ˮӿƽƽ֮̿˷ӿѪƽϢˬ
ڵǻĽ仰ʿǡ
Ľ˵³ɽĽ³䳡ſڴ
վˣһߣϦƮƾˡ
˻һˣһʵ꣬ƮƮʱѵõӣҲǷɶˡ
ο࣬վ˵УȺ˽Ǹ֣ȴһһ֪ġ
շģ³ɽһ̤żϺȵûٰɣҲϢ
ǺǡһЦҡͷ³Ȼˣۣ
ĽµԴˡ
Σ³ɽߵӾˣʰҲ練ƣ
ðԴǺЦ
³ɽЦշģ㻹ҪҪ
ԴЦеĵֻҪСҪģŮɣǸ˶ǲСã³ǽͰɣҲˣɶŮ׼Ҷã
³ɽշı⣬СӣޣһݰɱҲûõϣһܹ⣬οôƴ׷ѹ
ԴҡͷЦǶǲҪҸŮ޹СƼңûģ
Ľӣʵû뵽ΣԼԭϽȻͬ˾Ȼ˼ҳ
ĳңһ˵Ľ鲻СԼ롣
³ţŭĵԴ
ԴǺЦŮܹܵסҼСӣúã³ѽǾ˵˰ɣ
³ɽЦ˵ƨһȥ

ԴЦ֣³ǾһƬ壬˱Ǻúûֿల²ͦô
³ɽЦҡͷշģǵ˼һ֪
Դҡͷ̾˿һƬģ³治ֳֵܷ
³ɽշı¼ˣʲôֶξʹɣ
³ɱºڣԴҡͷЦָָԼˣʦ֣أ
³ɽЦʦˣ
ԴЦеĵĸ³ڲְܶɣҿ㾫ɬȻˣŮҲˣֻλСֵãλСֵܲͨ书ɣ֪ǡ
޼ɣ³ɽߵһˣԵֵˣ٣书
ҡͷڽЦϷʵбԴ
ǺǡԴЦЦҡͷ³Ҳ˵Цˣ
³ɽЦշģģʦ֣ûƳɣ
šҲʦԴֹסЦ´Ľ
Ľ˾էȥ񲻻书ģɱ۷ȫһ㣬䲻⣬۷ɻľֱӱɱˡ
Դʦȴ۷ҲûĽ
Ľ΢΢һЦ޼ɣ
ԴȻЦԭʧʧ֪μ˾ְλ
һˡĽҡͷ΢Ц
ŶԴĽ뿴˵
³ɽߵշģһͣȣȫǻڹˣ򲻹
ǺǣôԴЦеĴĽЦӢ۳꣬ͱʦ
ĽͱʦʹҴҲٮٮȺǲģѾʦʮ꣬ĽΪʤԼ

³ɽߵշģĻͱһȣ
ԴЦеĿ³ɽ֮Ц³Ҹǰˣۣ̫С˰ɣ
ô³ɽƲƲ죬мĵǽԽϵԽСշģԽԽȥˣ
ԴҡͷûõģҴôˣοҪðգСûģ㱾£
ĽǺЦίʵ޳ܣû˵ҲǱ¡
³ɽ̫ã
ܳɵĻòԴЦеĵͷѵã³㣬Ź᣿
û޳ܣ³ɽߵ
ԴЦðɣ޳ܣ³ǹԹͶǷҪֳ
еӵı³ɽ
Դҡͷ̾³㻹ǲײĲţǺðɣܶ𣿡
Ҳɣԣ³ɽߵ
Ľ΢Цɣ
ðϣһĸаɣԴת΢ЦӢܣϲС
ճ΢Цͺˡ
ݣҲݣ׵ĺƮԵúܵһ紵ܴˡ
ЦеĽ˼ִ顣
Ľȭǰָ̣
˵ղȳ˵һȭȭӰʵʾʦݣҲһʦˣƽƽ档
߲Ҵ⣬ƳһƣӰʵʣһȭһڿײ顱һըγɿҵķ磬ԡ
֣̽ĽüͷһѾԼ̽߼ΪȷʵС
һǰȭཻ顱죬ľͷͣײ
ת۹˽ʮУ硣

ԴüʽӦʱãվȻ¯࣬޼Ҳˣίʵˡ
ĽҲüû뵽Ѳϳɾˡ
һ˫֮תһתֵľ鼤
飡飡飡飡ĵ֮󣬳߷˳ȥ
˶̫죬˾δܿ徿ֻĽվԭأѾɳʮ⣬顱һء
Ľһ³΢Цȭת˻³ɽߡ
³ɽ¾죬ȴںһ϶飬бŷԴշģõĸ֣ٺ٣
Դһ֡
һߣ̽һƣ̧ͷҡҡӻͳƿҲһŵȻؿ£ҩ衣
ԴɫȥĽȻЦͷĳ۽磬μҵӣ
Ľ΢Цֵһᣬ
ղһ´̼Ǳʰ˳ߣ͵Ϯ֮ӣ˿ˡ
Ϊ壬Ǻú˼˼һΧܲȫˣû壬ΧĻľѳţ̫зֱ֮ա
ԴȻڰ˼⣬Լ϶ԸϵĻܲʮڴǲܣ书ǿʽḻʹϣҲп⡣
˿ֺãԴ¼ת̾Ϣ̫õ˵ʵ̫ãؼʱվ
³ɽϸų嶯³çȴǸɫԴ˸һĽ⡣
Цշģôٽ
ȷԴش𣬱Цȡգշֽֽ̰գ
³һķתܿ˹ѹƣʱ˫˸۲ʵʣ̤ǰָ̣
Ů֣ܶԴЦ
³ȻһԱ֪
ԴЦ۸Сӣ

³ɽƲЦշģͱ¼ʵģ㻹ʲôƨ
ԴҡͷʧЦ³һﻹǹ²ðɺðɣҹŮȻ£ʶһ°ڵľѧ
³ûɱ⣬ȴǲڣʰ̫òҪڲŲͣɱ³ǽȻͬġ
³νʣɭɭ⣬Դüڳʽܵɭɭɱ⡣
³ȵҵĽ򲻹ܿ磬Ī֣
뽣һ˲仯Ϊһ׺ֱ
Դæĳӭϳһ죬˳ȴһɽϣơ
ų̵ؿڣ֮쵹£һſܹƣ̹ȥ͸ë
֮࣬־öһ־ͱСƵǱȥΪЦ
ŭ֮࣬ȴһתٴδݲ룬æԱһǱıܹ⡣
󣬽總֮ңһֱ׺׷ʹ򣬰ڵĽȻһǱ
ȻȴӲƣ֮£ֻʹһܾ˵ƽơ
Ľһ³ɽ⣬Ѿͷգ
³رĿһʧѾص³ɽߣЦŷԴˡ
Դɫһ£¶Цݣҡͷ̾ǲϲˣȻŴɵĸߵܣ
³ɽٺЦշģ˰ɣû٣ûŶϽɣ
ԴЦ³µ⣬ƴһ˭ʤ˭
³ɽƲ첻мĵߣƴƴʲôˣһüͷͲ³
ǺۡԴҲˣЦ̧֡


48 
Ľ΢ЦĻʹʤҲǲʤӦˣ
ԴüĽЦˣмȸΪ磬ˮˮƽ£˵룬Σ
³ɽߵշģʶߣҲûʲôԣ
ԴǺЦ֣ͷȷʵ꿡ܣĳʶˣãǱȸΪ磬ˮˮ³צĪҲǵϽ飡
³ɽٺٵ˴˱˴ˣҲôߣҪˣ׼ǳԲ˶ߣ
˶۷ɰ֪۷һڣ۷ɰֱˡ
ԴĽ˰ΣͷϾһǺúһġ
Ľ΢Цͷһ
Դڰ֣³ɽһۣ³ұһ
³ɽߵ˵ģշģļҵһڿǹŵĲ´ЬģҲƴ𣡡
ǵ˰˱ù߰ɣԴҡͷ̾Ϣڰתߡ
˽ճһĽ˫ˣһ˸ͷ
뿪³һҡ³ɽ첲³ɽҲǺЦŤͷ˴󹦣
ĽһסˣԲͶĴĻ̫ǰ
ڹŹǰһת
ĽЦãҲǷδá
ⷶԴѣ侲ޱȣܹ̰Դ飬磬Ǹ
շļһȷʵѲ³ɽǺЦҪȻʰҲ󣡡
Ľ˼³ɽ⻰٣Ϊ³ǵһ֣лɱԴԴڣȻǽС֮ʡ
һηԴȥһԼ壬Ҳ³ɽˣթһαװһ壬һͷȥĻûзĻˣӣ̰ͼһʱʹ졣

ص֮³ץźΪũĽղŵľͼӴףһۡ
ĽֱӻԼСԺʼд
Դ˲Сܵģ˵ȥ˹̽ò
ߣ̫ίʵǿǼʦֲһֱҹҪз󷨡
ΪҼϺõİ񲢲ѣһ仰ԸȥԻ°æףȨⶫȷʵ㡣
һϵʱ䣬Ƴ˶ʮڶŲֹվ
ʱ֣Ϧбҡ
ڴͣ³һϮ̱޳ڴȥź촽һ޷޲ƽģ
³ɽΪũȲ裬ͷЦпϴſϷı飬Ҳ˵
ι³ͣפ㣬³ɽߵ̫
ôˣ³ɽǺЦʡ
³ߵ¹صƣã˵α㲻ˣ̫ϷѲѵ
³ɽǺЦѾͷ⻰֮Ӵ
³ƲƲ촽мĵҲŲСоʵʵ˵˶ѽһ˵ָ书𣡣
³ɽЦ㻹ţˣ㷴ˣǺǡ
³㵽һߵѽ
³ɽҡͷЦðɺðɣһߵģȷʵŵ˵ɾͲɣ
ǣ³æͷ¹ص书ָŵϷˣ˵ͣͣǡ
ΪũǺЦ˵乫òã
˵պ壬Ҫƾ˵³ߵ
ΪũæҲƫ˵乫ǲģôĵᵢµģ
㻹ƫ³

Ѿͷˣ³ɽǺЦֵ˲һκõģһ첻ҪѾͷ鵤һҲҩˣ
ǵȻ³æͷߵҾ˵̬⣬̫Դˣ
ΪũҡͷʧЦ˻Ƕˡ
³ɽڰֵѾͷˣ
³ŭĵ
³ɽæúܣҪ󷨣ۻˣ󷨿ǺѪҪ£ȥţ
ƾҲ󷨣³ƲƲ죬мĵôѧģ
󷨱书ѧʮʮʮʵҪνһʮһѧˣҲ֮ѣ߳Ϊʦ
˽֮֮ɲôýõģҪ㹻ĴϻۣҪص
ʹڰڣ󷨵Ĳ˶ѣޱȣ첻ӰĹˡ
ǵ˵󻰵ģȻ˵ȻǶġΪũ
³Ʋֻѧ˵ƤëԼ󷨣ǺðɣҵҪܲʲô󷨣
³ɽϺҪ˸ˣҪԣæ˸˰ɡ
ʲôģΪũʡ
³ɽ书νؼԡ
ΪũͷУͽ֪Ҫʲôã
Ҫ󷨡³ɽЦ
³ƲƲ죬ЦĻȥ˵Щ磬ֹˣٺúЦ٣
˵Ż򣬽ŲĽȣ纨˯һѡ
Ǻǣô³ɽЦ
³бΪũЦܺãЪ˰ɣ
ĽЦãǽ˰ɡ
ѾŪˣ³ɽʡ
ĽͷѾ̺ã˾ǡ
ǺǡǼʶʶΣ³ɽЦ
ĽͷӦЦ˹ұ㲼󡣡

³ɽҲãҲ㾳أʹ࣬ܶסҾӦúܿ죬˽չ
һʱȫˣƳϣţ磬Ľ齣³ɽʪ͸
³¶̣³ɽ޲ϴ̵ʵƥܣҲҪʮܻ
Ľ˹վǿʢ߶һʱδ̫࣬ת۱ָ
³ɽĽӻͳöƬƴСƺһЩ·ϸȴ壬εƬʶӨƺȪת
ĽЦҪˡ
³ɽæһԾ齣˲ʪ͸úãҪ۽磡
Ľ߳ȻֱߵĸǽǣÿǽöȻٻص
³Ʋ죬ĪҲû󷨲ãڵʦһһأû
³ɽΪũҲ棬˰ö˿ûг֮Ȼһش
ĽͳһööǰöͬǮҴСԲȱ磬·˸粨⵴
Ľ̯ƣǰģ˷ŦҪ³һ֮ɣ
ҡ³ָָԼ
ĽЦ̫Լܲס
ðɡ³ԾԾԵĵͷڳ˳Լǲţɲó
Ľվ˫ƴĽģδ¡
ĽЦǾͿʼˣ
˫ƺʮĴ˹仯粨⵴ĹâԽԽӳӨףԼɼƹͷ
³ɽΪũ̫ʢ޷ֱӣֻ΢۾
âƺǿѹţĹâڱȰ绹֣Щۣ³ɽΪũۡ

ף˺ȻȻʢ֮Уһ̫䵽ǰ漴ǰһڰ
۾ƣţܣɢ⣬֮УʵǸղŹâ̫ʢ
ٿĽ˫ƺʮһļŵ޹⣬˵ʯͷûǰľӨ
ٿ³һƬ԰ףˡ
³ɽһȴҴţֻΪũһۣųеˣԼ
Ƭ̺Ľһ˫ƣŤͷЦл³
³ջ˫ƣۣ޹⣬Щ޾ɵģƲһ´ǣĽ
ñĽһѣȴַ
ղŹʱһǿ巢ʧأˮӿ˹ȥ˲佫ɣѪ
һɲǳĸоǺһȥʹ֮ʤ̣ʧ߻ħ
ûԼ˵һǹˣ뿴Լ³ƶĽޡ
Ľݸ³ɽЦˣѾá
ʲô󷨣³ɽӹϸΪũҲչƣ޹⣬ƽʯͷʧƽƽ棬ڵҲûᡣ
ĽЦ򵥲󷨣һ㣬ʾ㹻ˡ
Ŷ³ɽȥĿЦеĵһ󷨵Σ
ĽЦ³һԣơ
ãѾͷ԰ɣ³ɽЦݻĽ
Ļ̌һƣִ࣬ưɣ
ҿɲ󷨡³ɽЦ
Ľҡͷضֻ̫࣬УȻתһջֹͣ
ô򵥣³ɽɴ۾
ĽЦŵͷ󷨼򵥣Ҳ򵥡

ǺãҾԣ³ɽ˷ܵĵһ֣ѾͷĥʲôϽȥѽ㲻Ҳʶһ
³ҧź촽ݺݵ³ɽһۣбĽмĵԾԣҵʲô
м־裬޼Ǹɵļһû𣬸ղԼһѣֳˣԼвУɣ
߷ߵŤͷߣķתָĵĽæ³Եȡ
³վżǰŤͷߵô
ĽǰһģЦ³ﲻǿ²Ϊֹͣ
³һŤͷߡ
ղĽһģֻƵӿ˲
ҧź촽Խ϶Ľղǳûô
ǳ̫ãԾĽһÿһ󣬾ӱʮ겻ŮӱһҲӳ٣
Ȼ󷨲飬ƿ󷨣ʲô󷨣粻أ
̫õţȻŤͷߣȴһǰȻһƬģкߴ·
һ£˼ϸȷʵ̫ãһģ֮УŪ·
ƾżǰߣţʮǰһƬģֻԺǽš
аٴκˣȴٴ·ǰֻԺǽҲԭ·ˣ֮£ԾҪǽҵ·
ǰԺǽԼ᳤һ㣬ԺǽԵǰθߣǽ
ǰ۷ǰײȥ顱һ죬ʵʵײԺǽ
һ˫͵һƣҪƷԺǽƾԼĹٺǽҲƵ
顱һѪ𵴣ԺǽȴΡȻ


49 
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ƾһȥǼӲʯҲҪƣǰԺǽȴ˿ޱ仯
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аˣһƣ顱һ죬ƺ涼˲Ժǽ仯ԭһ㡣
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⼤ִӣȭ飡һɫ粻ǰǽơ
ղֱȭͷǽȽȭǿһԴӳΪʦ֮ôˡ
һȭȥоһεǽϣʦĻһ㣬Լȭ
üǽȥ͵һȭ飡ǽƺ˻Σ³ȴ֪ǴԼȭжȥûǽڡ
аȭȭޱȣÿһȭͬһλãǰڵ֮
ͨȴʩչлֻһȥ׺罣ר
ƿʦֵĻȴƲǽϵûܺ
ҧҧ׺罣󽣾ʳָָ𣬴ӽĨ⣬Ȼ󽣲ǰ̳ͦһ
׹һʧѴǽڣһ죬ϲһǽڣƿ
齣ǽһ׵㣬ɫȥһ˿˿âٿһ´̳
ȴɫ
Ȼûܴǽڡ
ǽϵ׺罣ƿȴǿ֮ĩܴɣǽڡ
üëǽڣֿϰ׺罣
׺罣ıʹжȥ˽ϵ˵̽ȥҲ׵úܣõ̶̫
ȴһ׵㣬Ѳǽ

һԽԽ׺罣£һڳЦĲ
ƺĽǵȻ΢Цŭһһ̳Ľϡ
Цеģ³Ҵ̣ҡͷʧЦվһɽǰͣĴɽǿʯ
˿Ľõʯʯʱ㹻ԶˣǸ첲ٳһأ̲ȥ
Ҵ̣һһΣŭƫƫ̤ǰһ̤ǰһһ̴ܴʯ
οмֹ죬³ɽŤͷĽô£
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³ɽҡͷЦȤ˵Ѿͷ𣿡
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ĽЦѵľǿԼ³Ѿѵãָ书֮ҲԿ
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ΪũŤͷЦͶ˰ɣ
ĽЦô򵥾Һοô󣿡
Ŷ³˶ʱ°Ȼ

³ڴǰżɽߣһȦһȦ³ɽΪũɻҡͷѡ
ĽЦ֮ڣߵҪ·ǲˣҲûá
ǾҪôƷ³ɽʡ
ĽЦЦҪҪΪܹ󷨵
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ĽҡҡͷΪеѡ
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ΪũЦ˯Ⱦˣ
˵Ĺ³顱һײһʯͷʱգһ׺罣
ĽײΧļɽʯͷ֮࣬ȴ𲻻ǣεǡ
㣬³ɽΪũҲ³İ׺罣֪֮ģȴ룬ʯͷҲκβˡ
еʯͷһʯͷˣκβãǲɣԼȥҲû취ġ
Լ˰ʱ³Ҫˣ³ɽæס³ֻǰɫãȻվ䳡ǰ
ɴ۾ҹΣΨֻǻþǰһ̫ʵղŵһĻĻǰһС
³ɽǺЦѾͷ
³Ʈǰ㣬ߵ
³ɽЦôѾͷ˰ɣ
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Ľ΢ЦԣȷʵΪɱ㣬Ѿ㹻ˡ
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ף³ɽһͷĽ
ĽЦ˹̫ܻ
ĵ©˵ˮһװˮܿͻй¶ʱ仹װʢ
⼸䲻ȴЧ

ĽСԺͤСͤһСӡ
Сӿ׳ʵòФһģӿ̳ģȻֵͬܣ㲻ӢҲüĿ㡣
ʱڲ书ȭòֺĽ򢣬˼ˡ
һ˰˸ˣĽɸѡֵֵֻ֮ͬܣͨΪѵãĽҪˡ
䶼ԹˣĽҪ
⼸ĽһֱָһķȻһ书һֱԼ
ʹڹķҲҪ˫֣һƽʱϲʲôҪһ
ʼǲϰߣĽǿֻӣĽ룬һ׺ϻ֮֮£ϵϣ
ֵһϲһ֣ܻ飬ҴСһ鳤һ̫ãͨĽѵ°빦
̫ոĵůģԶѵõĺ˳档
Ľȴû˼ڵ̫ÿɲ̫ֻԼһ֧ţ³ƴãڵҩΪũҩҲнչѾʮ֮߰ˣٵȬ
Ȭ֮Ľѹͻȥˣ³ɽڻչȻЧûô񣬵һֱõķչ䲻֪Ҫãκõģ³ɽҲ꣬Це䳡Ͽڵ
ڣڵǾٱʿ߰
ĽСԺָϲֵܣٳ棬ڵǵӡмء
³ҲԼСԺˣٳ
Ľֵͣܣָ˼䣬ǽĽŲߵԺſš
վһ꣬Ȼ
ôˣĽʡ
깧ĵһλˣ˵ȥһ
Ľͷţȥ

Ľʱ̸Ц³ɽΪũ³һӢ꣬У֮ͦˣ͸Ȼ֮⡣
Ľһ꣬ͦ޳ϽüĿΣ촽ԱЩȴǸӢ꣬üİ
Ǻǣλǰڵκκӣ³ɽǺЦ
Ľȭ΢Цͷ
κȭĿ´һĽͷκ
ĽЦκԶˣ
κһЦܵüλӢۣҲֵã
Ǻǡ³ɽЦκӿʲôӢۣڵλǲԶ
κЦЦûз
ĽЦ³£һǺΪũЦŴκûж˵
κεúܺãȴӲĽ˫ۣóκˣûǷĽɨһ۱㲻ᡣ
Ľ񣬿ʦ֡
³ɽЦκһ·ϻ˳ɣûϲ۵ģ
κ΢Цãֻ׮·ķ˿ܣ˳ɨˣҲЩ⹦
³ɽЦŵͷ̫ƽ̫ļһһ죬ƫƫ볭С·£κǵù
³κʦ֣ôûϣ
κЦһ±ůЦ³ʦһŴһߵģǲǣ
³ͷѽ
ˡκЩ˿ҲӲ˶Ǳ˱ɱ޶Щһһһģ
³ߵǣЩһɱ
³ɽ򢣬κᣬɱȴôأҡҡͷЦЩСֵһᣬκһ·ʲôûУ
κоǰҵ¡
³ɽЦǹڴʦľѧɣ
κЦз˵ҵһλʦľѧ֪Ǽ١
ٺ٣˾ųǼٵġ³ɽҡͷЦ

һĽֻţûпڣҥԱ⣬ڿЧѡ
˵˰ŰɣһϣȴҪٱȡûִ⣬һߺгɾ͡
Ľй۲κ飬ȻѾġ
Ľţ˵лʱ֮ɢ³ɽôȻ죬Ĺʮ˵á
ָܹ鵤ǰȴҪţһڶ˵ߡ
Ƴʱ֣ĺɫһУĽСԺţǰԺԶԶƻͨ
տţЦ³ЦôЦû
΢Цҡҡͷ֮ۿ֪ôЦģֻκˡ
κЩʵѧҲʦҲѹѲŰͨҲûʲôˣĽ⡣
˴ԲǰѾ³ɽΪũ³κû
³ɽұӣЦѾͷһã
³³ɽߣƲƲ첻ĵһĽŲλãĽûǫã³ɽԱߣ³ɽһźΪũ
ĽЦ书ָ˰ɣҲˣ
³ɽĴЦȻǰڣҩǷ
Ľ̽³ɽƬ̺ͷȻϲˣ
³ɽЦǰĹҪȻҲô졣
ĽЦҡҡͷ³Ʋͱ˵ϹûϴҲָܻ
Ѿͷ³ɽһۡ
ĽЦ³˵ʵϴȷʵ
³Ʋһ³ɽ³ɽҡҡͷʾĽһʶ
κԴĽһֱƣĿ뿴Ľ㣬ƫƫĽȴչһ˿
³ʦԲ٣޼ȷʵǸСĶ־


50 ȡ
Ľ֮˱ˣϲ˿ϯ
һ߳Էһģ˵е£³ɽ˵ϲЦΪũȤ³Ĳ廰ν̸Цַǳ
ĽһֱĲ˵˳Ĭԣɬ֮У³ȴƭʱǹ䡣
Ľδ²ȴҲᱨֻйߣִ˲ƣ
κȴ͸һ˿ȻȴÿԱУмֳȴ֮С
³ٿĽֻĽ޹⣬Ϊ⣬ڵĵӾǲͬһ¾Ͱȥ
뺨֮ʣκĽЦҪһ;ʦ֣ίʵ
ĽЦЦԼɱκҲʦ֣ƫ˵Լͳʦѵã˵ѵã͸Ȼ֮⡣
ĽƱ΢ЦҶѣλߵܣ»Զҵ
κҡͷͬģɽϣʦָ㣬鵤ҩΪȻٶȣȴûЩ
ĽЦκ˵ˣʵҲȡɵģûҼС鵤Ҳôʦ
Ŷκһ³
³ߵμˡ
ԭˡκȻͷЦѹѹ֡
Ծ¶ʧԭΪĽ³ɽһ㣬ѧɲţͳΪʦ֣ǿѵ֮Ǳ޴󣬽˵лʦ
˽ύ֮ģ³ôһ˵μҵӣȻǵμҵİѧȻͬûʲôˣֻ˵ʼðˡ
ĽЦЦһҡͷ̫СԲ̫׵ˣںա
³ɽҲü˾̫棬ͬܣмֲϲ³һۡ
ŴɵĵƤôǳЩʧκᣬǸǳһЩҲʲô
³Цκʦ֣ɲʦʦš
šκһȻ󷨣
³ͷһָ棺㲼һ󷨣

κһĽ΢ЦǵҪʶʶ
ĽЦСֵһᣬκӲᡣ
κҡͷЦ󷨿ɲʲô˶ѧģȻ𾴣
һɲ츳ҪĴߣܲҪֻ̫Ҫõ츳гɾͣȴͬʹ츳ûоĴûá
֮ǸĴˣһ˿ɼ
ĽҡͷЦһƤëˣЦ󷽡
κƱվҿҪʶһ£
³ȸԾĵѽκʦ֣ҪСģҿɳԹ󷨵ĿͷκʦһƵõ
ʦõļԣκʮ㣬ЦΣ
ĽŤͷ³ɽ³ɽԲκǺЦðҲκӵı£
ұ㴳ˡκٿƮ˴ҹɫС
³ɽһ³ߵѾͷ
³ͷ˵κʦأκʦܱȵ˺ãǲǣ
³ɽߵ˵Ƶõ𣿡
ĽЦЦһԱ֪
ã³ɽߵҲʶĪС̫ã
ӻͳ˫ƺʮģȻ˹УĹתעһȪ
ֹâκԺǽ䵽ϣȻʼżɽȥ
һƺˣȻγĳӶ¹ӳ֮£һȦһȦɢ׹䣬䳡ֳŭӡ
ϧ³һ޶ͽ޹ˣһ
һѾ죬ǴȪͷڵðķ˼鼤£ƾΪǻӽһʱҲǱһս

˰ɡĽ
³ɽЦãĹ
˫ƺʮٴ˹еƬ̺תĹ⻪ȥָʯͷʵģ
ֹͣתκǰ˻Σɫ仯˵ƻͨĴվڴڿԼ
߳ŭȴ޿κΣɨһȺеĽǰ
³ɽǺЦκӣǵΣ
κͷ󷨣
³ɽЦ󷨣˯Ⱦˣ֮ȷʵױȣ书ܴˡ
κĽЦñ¡
Ľ΢ЦֻʾãֻѧһƤëκĪҪȡЦ
κҡͷЦٷˣȴ
ĽЦЦٶ˵
κǼʶˣ»ʶһ书ߴͽ̣
ĽЦҡͷ书ҲѰúܣκʧģ˰ɡ
³ɽЦκӣˣǽȥЪһЪ߳Աģ
ƲæκȻ߳ŭҪѵһԼ档
һκҲǸؿģһ򲻹˵Ҫɳˡ
һκӵ£̫ķˣڿɲǣһϰڣҪ£
ôͷͣĳ³ʹɫ
³ȴװûЦеĿĽ뿴κģĽ򲻹ġ
κЦαУдѣʤۣ
ĽƵĿ⣬֪ҪЦЦҲգȻκ£±ˡ
Ťͷһһʱղס֣ȫæˡ
дѣ㵽Ϊֹ³ɽæ
κЦ㵽ΪֹܾˣҴϴ񵤣ֻҪһڱܾȵûԷ־Ĵ򣡡
Ľüͷͷò

䳡¹ʣ䳡Ͼĵģ˽Ϊʦףʹû¹Ҳܿ
Ľ䣬΢Цκӣ롪
ұƷɣκЦ˸ʽ漴һĳ롪
Ľһȭ顱һ죬ȹ̣̽һ±˴˵ʵûԳ
Ľһȭٶ죬⧲
κݽסٴӲ顱£ĽȻվţκȴһ
ɫ΢䣬޷ԼΪԷԼᣬɳΪʦӲˡ
ĳƣһһĽסĽݣ࣬ƺվԭأȴ˺
κȫģԼΪȷʵĽ뵽ԥһΪỵ́
νʣһˮһ֪Ǳһƽƽһ̣ˡһΧĿƺգڽ˲̵Ľؿڡ
Ľָᵯ
κٴαɫһ²㳤֣ǿ֮û뵽Ľһ
Ľٳ粽ٴεһָһΣκղס
ĽһУڿкȻһͣȻ󵹷ɻ䵽κϣ˴Ľ
Ľ˺΢Цκӣˡ
ȻûʦžһֱûиΪԸһʦѾԣ硣
κҡͷ̾Ϣʣȭ¸ʰ·磡
Ľ΢΢ЦЦûж˵˵˷˱ǰˣΪȷʵǿ
һΪȫڽϣԽ³һ㣬Ľָר˽ǵù

³ƲƲ죬ǲޣû뵽ĽӮףݵκʦ˲һ
֪ʱܶ˵κʦֵ棬ֻװƣûû
³ɽǺЦ˿ˣǽźȾƣ
κ³Ѿˣиˣ
⡭³ɽһæЦúãκӺúЪЪѾͷúתһת³ǣ
ǣκȭת뿪
Ϊũü³ɽ£ĽҡͷЦЦ³ҧź촽Ľ
Ѿͷ߯ˣ³ɽɴ۾
³Ʋûʲô˵ģκʦֻһʱĨ棬ǳģ
٣Ҳ߯߿λκʦˣ³ɽЦһ֣˵
ĽЦҪ鷳ˣ
Թң³ɽҡͷλ̾˿û뵽õŸߵܾأ
³
³ɽһۣԹѾͷߥս
³һõѽ
ĽǺЦҡҡͷ˵޻˵
ΪũҲҡͷʧЦ̾زԺǸĺã
³Ҳ֪Լ֪
Ҳǵĵ̣³ɽڰ֣ΪȬһ
һ£Ȼһ³ҲԺһȹ⡣
߾ƺȣκСԺ﷢
趯ХѩӳӣԭӢŤ˫Ҫˡ
޼ɣ޼ɣ޼ɣ૵ǴＷһһ
һӣȻսʣϵһȥ¶΢΢ЦݣָֻŴݵķȡ

ڶ峿µĿԡĵ⣬ĽһϮֶСԺУϲֵžװһƣһվţȻ׮
Ľʱָһ䣬ơ
һӺͷð˿˿ŰڣǻϼŤĪʹࡣ
ĽȻü֣ϲ֣ȥһ¡
æ³һԸ
Ľ˵˼䣬æͷ·ҲǵߣĽţǰ
ǰ䳡ϣʱ³ɽֺĺ䳡
Ľ³ɽǰ˸ɫתߣ³ɽֺ˼Ǻú׼͵ת
ΪũҲˣû
³ɽŰӣͭɫƤ͹ⷢ⶯֮űըǿ
ô³ɽֵʣϵĲź칾ཹһ²ʹĨһǡ
Ľղκһųȥȥˡ
³ɽȣΪΣ
Ľҡͷ̾뿴λκдʲôǷ̫ò
³ɽüĲΪȻôɰɣ
ֶβ̨棬ҪǱκ֪ˣһ鷳
ĽҡҡͷҸо̫ãκҵҵν̫á
ôأ³ɽ
һӵ£³ɽĽĸоᣬĽ⻰Ҫʱ˵³ɽһЦȴҵϷ
дʲôɡĽ̾˿
Ƭ̹ϲִǽֱϲӻͳһţ˫ֵݸĽһԲ
Ľӹţӻ֣Ȼ˳
ĽùתһˮĨŷϣȻһŷżݸ³ɽ


51 
³ɽ֪κдʲôҲûӹżֱӿˣɫ仯ˮ
Ľؿţ֪ϲҡҡͷ
̵ģ³ɽ޺һ䣬һż㡰ৡһ䵽Ľǰֽӹɨһۣҡҡͷ鷳ˡ
֪Ͳֱ³ɽⲽĵʲôƨڣǶˣ
Ľ³Ҳǰڵĵӡ
ߣѾͷҲǸǻ³ɽ޺޺ߵ
Ľκһ³ƲҪȻƾκİĽġ
Ľҡͷ˵ʲôҲˣôӦ
УκĽһĨڣݣ԰ںǲмһԼ
ʦֹԼ
³ɽߵô죬ˮ£
ֵλʦֶǸģԸˣ
ĽҡͷǹǺ
ûѻ˵̫ҲûףҸ鷳ǣһٳһڵͷҪԼģʵ鷳
Ҳûʲôڰڵĵϲʲô³ɽ
Ľҡҡͷ²дô򵥣ЩŴɵĵǸĸ
ɱˣ³ɽü
ĽЦЦкβңڻμңǻ̫ã
⵹Ҳǡ³ɽͷܲʲô⣿
Ľûʲôð취ѹˣֻܱȱȿ
³ɽҡҡͷ˼ȻͣסǱܱܷͷɣ
Ľһ³ɽ̾Ǵ򲻹ܶùɣǣҲûаɣ
ĽҡͷЦǲɡ
³ɽһ֣ҵģȥһܣѾͷúø˵ᡣ
ĽüԼĳ費ϣ򲻹ܣڵԼҲƾŴŲǨŭ̫ϡ
³ڣͬʦҪӡ
³ɽæΪ̫ãܵίɣ
ĽЦʵ޷ܾ
ѾͷҪúýѵѵ³ɽҧ޺޵
ĽɨһҡҡͷҲһ³ǰϾˣʲôػҲ˵ڡ
Ľ³ɽ˼ڨЦ

峿ʱ֣ڰҹϣˬĿƮŸеʱ䡣
ԵС̯ϵˣޱȣʮ֡
θǰһƬһƬïֵԺһС䳡ϣ绪һϮ׳װһƷ
޳չ󷽣Ƴ֮ʣΧ֮赸ɷˮĿһֱרע˫ƣᡣ
žžžߺȻĽһϮվԱߣ֪ʱ֡
У绪ĿһƳ˫Ƴ
Ļ֣̌ĴָһࣣһСʯ⵹绪װԣ˺һ
ߣûĽһۣվؼá
Ľ΢ЦС
Һõúܣ͹ģ绪ЦŤͷߡ
ĽһݣȻ£η֨֨죬Ҫɢһ㣬ӵԡͣҪɢܣȴԽʵúܡ
绪ҲֱߵңĽԼ绪һյ衣
ܰ绪ûˣҲûڡ
Ƭ̺绪һϮԽԵð˫纮ǡ
˵գæôˣĽ棬ĵյһڣҲһۡ
ĽЦǻѵġ
š绪һĿӲյͶʲôѣ
ĽЦҵ˰һӡ
ڣ绪²յԶüëһ
Ľ̾ԭдһ£û뵽Ǽһ䲻Ҫȱɱңֻܻһܡ
绪üͷȷʵǲ𣡡
ĽǺã
ڰһλѣܲһ绪
ĽЦеĵǾͶлСˣ

ܲڷͲν鷳ʵǿȣǴϣġ
뾡صԭ磬Ůһ棬Ϊ֮紿书ȻҪҪศֲǿѾҴߴˡ
̫òɣμҲɣҲʲôҪǿ󣬻Ҫɣҡ
ҡҡͷʧһЦɲô׽ģҽȥҲ̫ƽڵûʲôͬ׻ǿ书
̾Ϣһ
绪ССİھסˣ
Ľ̾ʵڲɱ̫ˣ
ôĿ绪ûߵɱɱҿ̫ôģǻɣ
ĽЦǵõȼջس
绪øջЦһԾŶĵġ
ĽЦ̫Ҳ֣̫ͦվסŸ˼ʱڡ
绪ͷҲ˵ˣΪƸΪ꣬Ūúô󶯾
ĽЦЦҡͷְˡ
˵³ŮͦƯǲǣ绪б
Ľҡͷ̾ˣҸֲϣң۵ġ
ӣǻϲԩء绪ߵ
ĽЦСǳԴˣ
绪䣬Ц⻰Цˣ
ĽЦǰڵĵӣˣҽѵΣ²ޣ֡
һСŮƽʲô绪ߵ
ĽӣЦʱҲģԶ棬û뵽㲻
ҵù绪ڽб

̫ãĽһֱЦеĲɫ绪ǰһˣָ飬ʲô˵ʲô̸޼ɡ
绪ȴ
ȴ˵ȥ̡ڰ֣Ťߡ
ĽЦеĵͷյһڣȻȫ
绪һȥһ죬˰Ż
ĽСͤ˯һ飬Ѿؿڣ̲֪
ƮȻСͤ㣬ǰӵʯϣžһ쾪Ľ
㵹ڣû档
ĽЦɰˣ
ţѾкˡ绪ͷߵ˵ڲΣҲ𶯰ڵĵӣȻʲô涼ûã
ĽͷĻһʶ
绪סɣ̫ǱѾûˣҲЪЪˡ
ĽЦǡ
һ󣬽һСԺ˳һҾ¥ûż䣬ڴ˸λ¡
ϦбڸӴϣӳ绪ӣĨһ㵭ֽ֬ݹ⡣

˭˵ǣôˣûһܴȥģҲҴ壡
ⰲֶκɱ˶ˣ
ûһҲаʮ̵ģµȥ֣
Ҳû취ҲΣҪ֣סͰѰ̤ƽˣ
λϴ˵ʦѧûУ
ǰŰɣϵ书ǰ˾Ųʮ
УҲû£ҿԽսԽ£ôﵱĥʯˣ˵Ŵţɴʦˣ
٣ʦôףͣܳɴʦ
⵹٣˵ʦҪĥֿѣ֮ģƺ쳾ܶ򣬳ɾʹʦ
⻰
Ҳˣеģʦһʮųɾ͵ģûһģ

ĽüͷһŤͷȥ˵һǡڣߣһˣٲȻ
ղ˵ĴʦۣĽΪ
绪ڶߣܿԱˡ
ЦЦĶĽƣһжĽ£һ⣬һҥû뵽֮ǿ
Ľʱ޿޲ɣ̫⣬ֻһڶûΪʲôá
û뵽֮ԶԤϣһССҥԽԽʢԽԽǵðҳеķ⣬Ȯ
Ľ̽΢ЦӴнչ˵øء
ģ绪ü
Ľᵽ㣬ϸӽǰһ嶯һסˣʦףҲǴʦˣС֪ɾʹʦ֮
绪ҡͷ֪
˿ü㲻ͣǿף˼ȴû˺ͦˣ벻ӡ
Ľղ˵أ
绪Ʋһº촽޻̸֮
Ľüͷһ£绪ʦĲô򵥣ҪΪ㹻񣬻ڣﵽ˺һʲôʱȴԼʲôʱܳɹ
ǳΪʦķţĽЦ
绪ҡҡͷ֪ʲôãˮ£˵ʦɾûоķţǸԶ򣬲ǿܽģҪԵ֮Եǿ
ĽЦģ
绪֪˶ǲţΪз֪ϵ²ʲôзģ
Ľĵͷ绪Ļ
Ѱ߾ʶҲֻҴ壬ܾ߱ʦҴ˵Ҳʶ
ȻЩʦǲйϵһʦҲٴıҲȻ

ȻһЦС벻ѻһ
Цݣ绪ֿ֪ʼðˮЦ˵գ
ĽִսһЩӼյһ𣬺ţ绪Щܲס
ĽһԸӣڨЦ
绪һۣýҴԣϽ˵գ
ĽƤ񣬺ָܿ糣һƤԺ˵ϵ˴ʦ󣬴ʦƷдʦϢܲлᶴʦɾ֮
֪أ⻰ͨԺֱ˵
绪üһ£Ȼ
Ľ΢ЦΣ
绪룬ͷĽЦС㣬˵ģҪҪȥ
涾绪ߵ
Ľҡͷɲû
绪⻰һЩʦǿܲס
ĽЦЦת⣺μҹϵΣ
ðɡ绪μмǰڵĵӣİɣûµġ
ĽԼη壬̾ʵǲǡ
绪»ƽͣżеӰЩҲֻҪǣûʲô˵ġ
Ľͷ绪ߵĵӲǺܴôôСˣ
ĽЦȻη壬ǣңӾСˡ
绪һۣ֮⣬ȻǣұԼˡ
˵Ż򣬲ˣ˱㿪ʼ˵ЩлĽӷ£ɱִɱ۷ɡ
绪ü޼ɣҪСˣҲݡ
ĽͷҲϵˣ۷ɰﲻܲ򸹱ܵУ̫ÿ塣
ţ⵹١绪ͷ
šĽȻüһ绪ߣ绪ˣǡʱըľƬмһӰĽ
Ľһ绪˸˺ǵӰһգ׷Ľ


52 
ΧľУĽĴָһʮָԿɷԽϲĴָĺأǹ񫡣
ָͣƿգײӰ
飡Ӱһָײһ죬һ˲䵽Ľǰ
ޱȣ˲ƺ˶֮һ䴩Ľ谭
ĽµĺŲһߣʩչСŲƣܲ⡣
⴩ĽӰӺ͸ľӣǽʧ١
ӰָһֳΣȴһӰͷ˫۱⡣
Цһһ˦֣ٴһĽ
Ľһ߱ܿĴָȥ͡һХײͷͷŤָܹȴָȻ䣬Ҫܹ֮ʣȻһգٴײ
飡ֱֱ˳ȥײԱһˡ
飡ڿ͵һȭӭ绪Ȼһͷء
ĽȻû뵽ͷΪԼһָ£ܵס绪
绪ժ֣õԦǾͷȻɽ£Ϊ֮ίʵˡ
Ľü˫ƣпƲס֮УȻʩչ
ʩչǲ£ֶ֪ܼãȰʰ˵˭ΪϮԼضʣղһ£ԼСŲƣѾ˰ˡ
ջٴһָ͡һХָǰЦһ˦һ⡣
Ľοˣһöףһˮﱼߣƺ
ĽָͬھֶκͶĽҸƴ
ĽһƻΪȭͷһ壬飡ȭͷһӰƺһСߣײ

ȭӰײһȴٶȲǰĽ֮£СŲƱܿ
ָδı䣬߻ӭϣ顱һкһ
Ľüƿ֮ίʵѲ汻УãҪ͸ҲҪˡ
ߺ֮绪ժٳָһƣһ߲ܣֱһ⡣
Ľһһ绪ǰ죬§һʧԭأߣ
һײ򴰻ԭĴ谭߱ǰЦſеˣ˦һ
һٶȱǰһ֣һ֮Ѿ˸ǰ·ھ룬Ľ֮£Ĵָ
ָУһ·ٶȻ˻Ľһָ䡣
Ľһʱһ߷׷ĽεҡҡͷʰӦ
绪Ӧһƽƽһƣһƣһ˲䵽߸ǰ
Ľָ벦ָγһУУַָƿָȴֹסָ仯ĽǰʱѾߣε׹䡣
飡ߺȻ绪ժֽ
û뵽绪Ȼǣǰһ³˸ɳȥ
һ˵ĹĽȻӿٶȣ˲ʧԶ׷ȴˣֻߡ
Ľû׷һգ
Ұɳˣ绪ҡҡͷߣ̾ļˣ
˭Ľʡ
׷귶绪ߵ
鴫ţĽ̾ǲУ
СŲƣԱܹ͵ϮȻͷ󣬾ܲģһ˶ӵ׷ǿ

󣡡绪ҡͷ̾ϵʦûʮҲа˸
ŤͷƳһĽṦʵǺ档
Ľüһʲô֣
ˣӦһ绪
ĽҪɳȥԸ̫ãͽˣ
бӵһСŲƣֱˣһΣٽԤУǰһ
³ɽΪũûⱾ£Ҫǧѡ
绪ߵҲ
ĽЦμҲɱﵣӦү󷨣ǰʦĵλ˽ⲻڲ֪ʦε
һμңүɱһߴɱ׳ɹ
Զ壬Բű˴˹˼ܹల¡
˻صСԺ֮绪ŭδȥ壡
Ľæֵˡ
绪Ҫˣǻ˴ɱ
Ľ¶һ˿Ц⣺ðҵʶʶҵĸ֣
´ɱģһΪ绪ڣ˼ɣԲʩչֶΣһʱص㣬ͷûˣȻȴȲķɵ
绪ƣټ֣Ṧоȷʵ´ɱѾɳĸ֣Ʋٺ
绪⼸㻹Ǳȥˡ
ĽͷҲãҲ徲죬ú
ļĽһֱСԺ֪û˹绪ҲСԺд书ģȻԵá
ʱ֣ϦȾ֡
Ľ绪д书֣绪ժ֣˴ѷѽ⡣
绪ĲԼһǧժ֣ԦǾĻԽԽǿɻǴ򲻹Ľ
Ľ̫һֱûţһ²ûʱרƫƫн
Ȼ֣С㣬̫˹ˡ
һϮСӽţӢˬ

绪
ƳĽһۣȥˣת۹򣬽Ų𣬴ϲǴ֣С
ǿĽ绪վһ𣬳һ£Ľ֣˵ôˣ
˱ȭݼ
Ľ֣С㡣
æıȭ绪ڰ֣ض̫óʲô£
ϲһҡͷϲˡ
Ľͷʲôˣ
ϲտ﹫ӣκӵĴʦ֣
Ľʲô˵
ֻ֪ͨһû˵ġϲ
Ľͷţ֪ˣǻȥɡ
͵Ƴһ绪Ӧһת뿪֣ʧ
绪Ŀӯӯһֱǣ뿪Ťͷ˵ã͡
ĽЦŵͷأҪĥһӡ
绪֪տ񣡡
ʲôĽʡ
绪ǰһĶ֣һĴ֣һ
ĽЦЦֲκԮƷΣ
Ե绪Цмĵֻ費鷳ˣ
˵Цҡҡͷ
Ľ鷳ˣ
绪ЦҲǸģϣ֪˭˭ͣ
ĽҡͷЦЦƽʱһǫ飬ܿ͸ĿҲֻ绪ˡ
ϾΪµһ֣Ȼ͸ſʹ磬㲻ö֣ΪдŲɵҲδɥʧš
ǵҪһඡĽЦ
绪һļһûõģֻдķڷųɣݣ
ĽͷЦãҾͺúõʰ

³̫á
峿ʱ֣ˣ䳡ַǷ³ɽŰӣж
Ϊũһרע³³ɽߣԶκһ꣬
Լʮ꣬ͦΣ̶ɣûһ˿飬͸Ȼ뺮
³ɽУʱƳһߣҡͷûտίʵѲδʤù
ţȻоڵǶĿ֣æŤȥտ
æЦչӣǡ
³֪ʱտ
³ɽЦʱҪ˳˳չӲؼ³ǵķ⼫ãչӺβúһ
տ¹ģѧ̣Ī˰ɣ
Ǻǣչﻰ³ɽҡͷǺЦǲ֪չҪһݣ
˵ŻƳһκ°Сǣխڣкùӳԣտ˵̣һֶҪɱֵģ
ԭΪڣ뿪ﲻˣʽǷҪ
Խп࣬Ѳһ첻ߣһ첻ûڻأҲ̫ΣˣѾͷ˵˼ҸֻκСӵġ
κ³֪ںδɣ
³ɽЦá
μңκüͷһǾͺðˣҹﲻԶǹȥǡ
£ǲΪá³ɽЦ
κ³ʦֵʱ䱦úܣûȻڰҹǣֱɸ˻ǣ鷳Ī˴ʦ֣Աܲ棿̫ø㵨Сɣ
⻰˵ȴɢÿ˶С

³ɽЦݽһ£ָֻҡͷʧЦκӣӢη֪ģκܻϤдᡣ
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³üȻѵˣԽԽԼ۹ˣȻôһ
ǺǡһЦ촫˶У漴ӰһĽǰվ³ɽߡ
һˡĽȭЦ
³ɽɫ΢䣬æˣ
ĽͷѾˣôӦһӻɸֹ
úãǺǡ³ɽϲ
Ϸ˴Ĭģ˻Ϊ棬˷׷ױȭĽ顣
Ľڰ֣Ťͷκ΢ЦκӼżң
κ۾бҴʦ֣Ͽ񡣡
Ľչˡ
տ˫У뿴͸Ľĵףãտ񣬻ͽ̣
˵ճγĽܾ
ĽЦЦ롪
ͣһõĹ⻪ǰѿ̻ը˲ɵ۾
ĽʮָһƬ಻Ľʮָ׼ȷĻн
տΪȷʵĽԭߵӣտסίʵѵá
տҲĪû뵽޼ɵΪֱһ飬֡
һٴαǣһŵ۾ȫˣâ̫֮۾ơ
ޱȣҪĽָĽüû뵽տĽ˾
Դ磬δ˾Ľٶ죬ÿһָԴ
Ľ֮£һУκһ䱦ȻʣɵĽϡ
Ľӽ總һâƵͣտսһš
˾ĵɴ۾˲۾ۣʵû뵽ĽҲ


53 ǿ
ĽһʩչΧǺƵĽ˲ĺˣ·Լ
ĽĽ͸ԭпνһʱķţ
ûʺƴĽ֮£տĽμ穣ʮкĽһʣտĳ˳ȥ
Ľտ¼ߣʩչܿĽƮƮƽųһֱϣȶ㡣
տΰٱ䣬ĽӰӰ㣬һֱϣɱģһܴ
Ľ˳΢΢һЦչӣã
տһý
Ľ΢Ц
һ׳׼ȷκ佣ڣκɫ࣬ŭҪըˡ
һ֣տɳȥĳУ˺ȻȲʣһ־ίʵףԾۡ
տɫ䣬µĵͷһʶһƽŹ򡣡
Ľ΢Ц롪
տɨһΧȺǻʱɡ
ĽЦЦãӣչʱҼɡ
³ɽǸǣҪȥЪһЪ³ɽڰʾԱ㣬ߺûֿˣǱ͵Ͻ
˺ȻӦãĽ磬ʿ߰
˽еָǼ£
³ɽߵСӣǲˣ
ٺ٣ﻰôң˵ԲæЦƨϲúܣ೤ʶ
³ɽĵðɣһ˵ģҲ̫ϣǸʱ䶼ҪȻҲ㱾£Ϊ֣øѧѧСǣٿǣҪں涢ţһɱƵģƾ̬ȣΪ֣
ĬȻ׷׵ͷ¶˼顣

κտصԼСԺɫֱСͤ
СͤλԺм䣬ķ羰һ㣬ĽСԺӼֻ֣һһСͤ
ʦ֡κһĭɬĿڡ
տ˼Ŀգƺûκ˵κ˵
ιտ̾ϢһǺý
κæδѧ㽣ʦ֣ѾŪˣ޼绪ˣμҼ绪޵μȥ޼ɺܲ⣬Դ̫ãֿˣ
տͷҡͷ忴ˣ
ǡκæ֪޼͵̫ãҺ棬μҵľѧûнɣѧĽ
һֱμңտʡ
κҡͷǰμׯ绪˽ׯӣѵμľӢ
μûнѧտҡͷѧýнûãʦָ㣬һʮǾʦָģ⽣Ҳܹ죡
ʦ֣Ҫǰ׽׸ţκȻЦһ£⡣
տһۣҡͷֲġ
书Ȼ̫ÿɲɣ³˵һ䣬ӦҲôӦʵڲоȥμҡκȻߵһ˿⡣
ƺĽü˳ĿĽϣȻѧ⽣ٴĽü
ţȥɡտһ£ͷ
Ľ׽Ϊ۲ӰĽõǿһ
κ˷ܵӦһտæҪǿѹ˼ɣҪ涯֣ùǽ
ףʦַģСãκظ֤
տڰ֣ȥɡ
ǣʦ֡κĵͷ˳СͤصԼҲ³ɽĻܴ

ĽСԺָϲ
һϮɫװӣڶ滺󷽣赸һ㣬һɶص̬
Ľʱָ㣬ͣǵĶ˵ķС
˾棬Ľܹ͸Ǿת˵ǵĴȻָ㡣
ʵĽ͸УܸоǵĸоԺ졣
ϲֶʮ㣬ĽĸοʱＸ䣬üЦ޲һֱ
ڶɽϣȾһˣ˼ϡ
ĽһĶãһָˣһɣʱõǻ羭ܹ⣬ڻ羭Ѿ㣬ûб·ִʲô·ֻˡ
صĽŲĽһ֪³ɽôصĽŲҲֻ³ɽ׳ʵβ̤
Ťͷȥ³ɽ̤ԺţϹεЦݣĽ¶Ϊ֮ɫŲ˹
ĽЦ²ɣ˵ա
һ³ɽı飬֪ûʲô£ôƤ¶α飬һ¡
³ɽٺЦϲ֡
Ľڰ֣ȳȥɣȥԼúʱ
ǡ˹ԹԴӦˣ˳ȥ
³ɽĿ뿪ǺЦСӻɰɣ
ĽͷͦģҲãɿ͡
׼ʲô书³ɽʡ
Ľһ׺ϻ֮ԼϹĥģҲ֪Ρ
³ɽʣôģ
Ľҿ̫õĵ书ǿ̫ǿҪӦҪǱǿ书Ҫ¿๦һ͵£ҾҸݾѸ
Ǻϻ֮³ɽʡ
Ľͷͨϻܷ֮ӳ˵ʤˣʤˣ

³ɽһ
ĽЦţܴܲ
³ɽ˫۷Ź⣺ܴǹĪɣ
ĽҡͷЦЦֻһ뷨ܲܳɻ˵˵
ȻȻ³ɽæͷ
ĽȻЦЦǸʹˣزס£ʲô˵ʲôɣ
³ɽҡͷЦ漴ֺ޺޶ţİڣ
ĽЦôˣ
³ɽڵļһûһö֪κղܹ˵ʲô
Ľʲô
³ɽߵȻ˵ҪʶһĽף
ĽüͷһЦҡҡͷ
³ɽȭһƣ޺޵ҵʱͼˣⶫ˿
ĽЦô˵
³ɽƲƲ죬мĵһϴ񵤻Ľ
ǵ󷽵ýĽҡͷЦЦ΢Ʋڽ֮Ա
³ɽߵŴɵܸһöϴѾ㲻ˣΪѾͷڣʲôҲ
ĽЦЦǾͲҸһٽף
ǵȻ£³ɽЦߵһ˼ٽףǵǷŭʲôɵó
ĽͷѹˣẠ̊́һв˵ҲӦ̫þҪùɣ
Ȼû˵̫ף˼ô˼³ɽЦ
ĽüҡҡͷνһҵĽףһβ֪ʲôҸΣ
³ɽοЦȻʲڣǣûķˣֻܽˡ
ĽЦЦ٣ڣǴ󳤼ʶˣ
֮ǿʳտκʦ˼죬ȻûֱӱԼͷΧ롣
һֵֻּܹܹԹԾͷ
ؼǽʧҵĸоĽúܣǰʩչĲʲôѧȻǺСһŽ
Žһ㣬ص㣬ƲƺƵΪˣ׽ֻϷ֮٣װġ
Ϊ棬ҰڵĽʵһ㣬տĻǳԲ档

³ɽ̾˿ҧҧεҡҡͷ̫ѻˣʵǿݲǷ
³һԴСǿɵıĿ̫һ׳Ҳ۸ˣ
Ľ¶һ˿ЦЦ㲻عˣԻ
ίˣ³ɽɫҡͷ̫̫ǶԲס㡭
ΪĽӦˡ
Ľڰ֣˵ЩǷܷŬˡ
³ɽһԸǸϽѾѾͷַˣ˰ڣҪʦ
Ľһæţ³﻽
³ɽ⣬Ц糿ˣ׷ˡ
Ľȵϲ֣
ǣ˺ܿ֡
Ľõƥΰ³׷
ǣ˱ȭӦתߡ
³ɽüĵ⳪һ
ĽҡͷЦ³ﲻȥ״Ҫȥˡ
³ɽĽɫ˼֪ﲻʹ죬Լ޲ðһˣο
ûĽ˵תĬĬ뿪ˣҧгݡ
Ľҡͷѹ֣һ³ָľǿľΪá
ǡʱһʵЦ𣺡ڣ
ɣĽ
Цκտ񻺲룬κ΢ЦǰȻͬտȴˡ

ĽλӴݹ٣ԣ
ǺǣʦдһȭŹ򡣡κЦ³ҹ˰ɣ
ĽͷλҪɣ
κȻĽ䲻㶥⣬ɫοһ
ĽЦҿλӵĽҲҲοһ֪Σ
ǺǡκЦҡͷ˵Ц
Ľüͷһҿɲ˵Цλ뿴ҵĽҲ뿴λӵĽ
κЦݣüô˵ǲóඣ
Ľ΢Цⲽˡ
ֻ뱣ȫԼĽ̫õκɭȻЦ
ĽЦЦ¶԰ھҲʶһ¹ɵѧǻͨޣֶΪ
ûʸ񣡡κЦ
Ľһüë΢Ц֪ʸ񣿡
һκһƺбģκֱͦͦȥһľ׮ӡ
㡪տȣΪһĽ
Ľ͵һȭһ죬˳ȥзתݡ
ߣտǰ֮δϣĽһʧǰвҪȴٿһ飬彩Ӳʧȥơ
飡˵һտκϣȥһʯͷ¡
ĽЦ˸ǰЦŴˡ
ֻܶ۾ಿλӲ񣬲Ŀݺݵĵƺвſ
Ľҡͷ̾˿λӻȤ
տκ˵ֻ۾ݺݵĵ
ĽЦλӺΪµһɣΪΪȡᣬǰɣ
տбκ񶾡


54 
Ľҡҡͷڣ٣ڣڰڵϣһ
¶ϲ⣬ĽҡͷЦģ
ƣֱ뵤λãһ飬ʱƵֱ£ˡڡһֱͦͦվ罩ʬ
飡һǱģһɣָ硣
˶һۣ͵Ľ˫˺ϻʰһѩǰܣȭͷХɱڡ
Ǻ޲һȭĽ࣬ȫںҲᣬֻһڶ
Ľ΢Ц˵Ķû֮⡣
ͬʱҽһֱͦͦأȭͷĽؿֻһԶϡ
һҽ֮ëȻ
ĽЦпڵϷҡͷ̾ĲǶλѽ治ԣ
κҧ沿ŤȫӢģΨҧ˻еģʹʲô
ҽ˫۳Ѫ˿żʹࡣ
Ľҡҡͷһտҧ˫ѾҧˣݣȴһҽС
ĽͷЦչӣʴַһܵסչŲУνĺˣ
ϣ֮̾ɫ⵹滰ʴַʹ೬˵ܷΧǸݽղ񹦴ġ
տҧá֨֨죬һȴĽĿ׶ӣ޲͸
Ľ벻⣬΢ЦǴΣǰҪҵĽһ
ƨţκҽŭ
ĽʯĲҽкͬ飬ֻýʱӦ뵽䵽³
Ľһ֣κĲҽŭȻֹŴȴţϼŤ
Ľҡҡͷתտչ˵ҵĴʦűɣ
šտ³֡

Ľ΢ЦλȥңѴʦűұλַպǻѣд轣Σ
տĽ΢ЦԣĿڿн
ιտ񻺻Ӧأ
ɬ˻ƣǼûȹˮźܲ
Ľ΢ЦӦ㲻Ӧɣλذڣ˵ҵĶַŴɣƣ˵ҵַλһԡ
տĿ˸
Ľ΢ЦҪ˵ʴÿһηһһ֣ʹǿһ֣λԼᶨ˵ߵסһЩͽԹǶ߲ɱ
տ˫һɫ΢䡣
κһ£ɫ԰ף·͹ʹһһӿ޾޲Լȥϧ룬ԽѣоԽ񣬶ʹĸоƽʱǿҡ
ĽҡҡͷŴɵĵȷʵǲͬģһ԰ɣҲǿλ
˵תҪߡ
ţտһ
Ľ΢Цתͷչӿ˾
տ˻ҴӦ㣬ȥң
Ľ΢Цãõŵ£ᶨչʵǾ˵ˣ
տȽַ
ĽؿڸƣЦеĵֻλʮʱ䣬ʮ֮󲻼λʴֻ·ʱǿʮǶסΪӣòҪԡ
տͷĨȥϵ̧ͷʮ죿
Ľﵽң·̣ʮ´ࡣ
տüҪϸóȻѵ֣
ĽЦЦʦűȻţʱʱģô鷳Ҿ͵λĺϢˣͣ
κ˵տһѣߣ
ʦ֡κʵĵĽ
տתСԺʧ
κĽΣ޺޶ţתˡ

Ľ֮۹ˣͨ˵˼ҡͷЦЦ³ɽСԺ
û³ɽ˵ֻ˵Ҫ뿪졣
³ɽΪĽΪ׵²ʹ죬ұʹĴӦˣúúɢģؼŻ
Ľ˼䣬³Ҫ˵տκ˵ĻҪ˵û˵ߺ죬˽顣
³ɽĿĽĽҲöֻͣҪǣ³ɽεĵͷ
ƽʱһҪŪ˵ڲͬĽһӵҲĽķܾԼԲסĽ̫̫
Ľ뿪̫֮ʣָ³ɽ˵ñ֪Լ뿪ֻ˵Լչ
³ɽҲûʣͷӦˡ
֮峿³ɽ䳡ϻصӹ³ϵëĨĨӸ
ʱܻΪũŽҡͷٲǵסˡ
շĻģ³ɽߵ
³º󣬶ŲյһһݸˣΪũ³ɽ棬̾˿ЩԽȸ֡
³ɽߵԽʰǣë
ΪũҡҡͷǰͲǶأ˵ʦֹǵĿˣ
³ɽŨü˴֡
ΪũҲøҪˣôȥǳŲã
òˡ³ɽҡͷ
ΪΣΪũ⣬żȥ˵
³ɽЦһҡͷ̾ԸǶȥ
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³ɽҡͷһأ˭ѽװװͳȥܲ
ȷʵΪũҡͷ
³ͷ촽ߵһ״ʦæֻؽףΪƫƫ˵ǵĺû

Ҳ֪«ʲôҩ³ɽҡͷ̾¹ؼڽϣؼǳ裬ʦǸ
Ϊũ̾Ǹĸģ书ܴƫƫֲܲζȷʵѰ
³޺޵涪ǰڵˣ
³ɽ£ȥ־
ΪũЦˣԽԽᣬ׵뿪˵Ҫ̫׳ȼڣһѩǰܣ
Ը˰ɡ³ɽҡͷЦܰ쵽ø
˵Żһվڴ⣬Ϊũˣ֣Сʲô£
ӯ鶯ƮƮ˴³ΪũЦ˵գֲˡ
ǡӦڵκڷѩ棡
ʲô³ɽڵվ
ΪũҲɫæѩǣĸѩǣ
ǰڵǸѩǣڷѩǺ֣˵Ǵʦű
ȥˣ³ɽü
˵밲϶֣ɱ
úã³ɽƴЦ
ΪũĪҡҡͷû뵽û뵽
³Ҳһľ죬ⳬޱȵʦ־Ȼɱˣû¡
Ҳ˵˵ı£޼࣬ŵȴǶĸ֣οǻǰڵĵӣ
ڵĵڱҹǶһݣ˭֪ģϾȻɱڵӣɥĲ
Ϊũôȥѩǣ
³ɽЦһҴʦṵ̋ԵӣŹģ
ǡΪũҡͷ̾Ϣ
Ҳ˲ţȻƷ£¹ݣΪΪѵãдõĹ;ȴ硣
ҡͷ¶Цǿܾû뵽ϸɱ֣Ϊ죬ϾͻԹԽɣ

ΪũȻü»᲻ǣ浽̫ã
³ɽߵʲô£
ǺЦҡͷƱж񱨣ģСӺģ
ΪũҪùඣھưոݣ
ڿܳû֣˴ʦű³ɽͷ
Ϊũҡҡͷǻֲǡ
³ɽЦһɽһɽߣҲҪ۸ζģң
һ뵽Ľ£ѻ𣬺޲ɱˡ
ΪũЦϢ֪ôأ
³ɽҲû˰ɣСȥһˣ˵ƽţҪ򡣡
һֱվԱߣ³ɽԸӦһתߣ³ɽæС
ſŤ
ǵĵȥĪ˿³ɽԸ
ǡӦһƮ˴
³ɽΪũɫ粻仯ˣЦʲôأϺ
ΪũҡҡͷǿЦЦûʲô
³ɽȤϺϽ˵˵
Ϊũһ³³壬㿴ǲҪ߿ѽ
ΪũҡͷֻϹµģס
Ϻ˵ɣϹ¾Ϲ¡³ɽ¸Ũ
Ϊũֿ³εĵϹµģ»᲻йأ
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תͷܣΧûˣŵĵ³Ѿͷ⻰Ѵȥ
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³ɽһظϺѽҪˣ
Ϊũ˼ЦЦҲһ뵽ġ

³ɽæ⻰ǧ˵Ҫµģ
ΪũЦҵȻ֪أⲻ˽˵û֪
³ɽһʧڣ׳ʵκֻˣ°ͣ̾ϺҪġ
򢣺»˵׼
Ϊũ֪ģģָָ߰ңܵλү
³üǣҲɱ˰ɡ
ΪũҡͷƲƲ죺λү٣ɱǣ鷳
³ɱҲ鷳ģףʦưոݵģ
ڷѩǣûϵѽ˵ˣףʦ˵ǹϵܺãΪũЦ
³Ȼɫ΢䣺ԭˣɱ˵뷨Բô˵ǲǣ
͵ඡΪũҡͷЦ
˵տκ˺鷳ܹһ֮һй
³ɽ⼸Ļ䳡϶ɤˣ˭֪˳ȴЦеϣȻԵá
ĵϺǴסɣЩ˵һҪ˵ڱչء
ΪũЦŵͷԡ
³ţ޼ίʵ£ı㣬ΣļһǵˣԼ֪ôġ
µ鷳ΪԼأ᲻˶ǨŭԼϣ
³ɽϸ³ı飬ЦѾͷİɣҵϣҲƽϵģѾͷѽһǵһǣ²Ҫˣ
֪³ɿһۡ
˵Ĺ򣬰ҹеμңĽ绪СԺСͤȻԵõĺŲ裬绪棬Ҳͬ⡣
޼ɣտκǲɱģ
һ촵绪ѩƮˮӶĽһգգ


55 ɱ
ĽЦ
µ֡绪˽һЦݱ֪ҡͷĵҲ̫ˡ
ĽҡͷЦɱģǰϡ
ߣϿɱǡ绪мĵտκǰڵĿ֮ţɱϻࡣ
ĽЦϴнҲǶĸˣʰҲǲܡ
һڵǲǣ绪ߵ
ĽЦֻһСæҪлҲǣҪȻѾɥˡ
ߣȻ㣡绪ĵ
ĽЦյһڣȻɣģȫ
տκ˾̣һֱܣ书ֱɱ˱ǣͶ
һ˵ĻҲ°ڣ򲻹ܣдŲƣѧ󷨣ֻҪСһЩ˭Ҳκã̫μңһ˰ڣμ̫øŵù
вɱģɱˣԼգôɱҲҪ
赶ɱõķӣ뵽˰ϣһֱǸв죬Ľ뵽谲ϵɱˡ
Դ˳̫ãһֱ󣬲ۣ֮֮棬дŲ˿δ졣
ţûĨȥ˵İǣͳŽסˣȻɱԼ
ʦɽһ̫ãһĽǲǶֻ֣ܷʦȡ
Ľɱĸ㣬նһʦ̫ãμҳҲûˣԼ
˷ѩǣ˵ĽᣬȻֱţȻϲ˶֣Ҫߣ˽׷ᣬӳ򵽳⡣
Ľڹؼʱָ֣Ϣˣڰ֣֮ķҲش˰ϡ

Ľһֱڰ˰ϵ书ҡҡͷ书ûʲôԼøԶ
һڣƾϵ书˵ӮˣӦף벻
ʹһʱߣ벻Щ嶯ĽɱҲδ벻ְгֽλʦ
һν޷죬ǽԼû֣ףҲţҵóףŭˡ
Ҳ绪˴𣬵ɱ绪Ӧ֪ôһ죡
绪ѩҲ뵽ĽĽ赶ɱ֮ƣίʵܻϲһ·ɱûĽѾתͶ̥ˣ԰ҵĺһֱδ
ףҲǳصģҪСģ绪
Ľͷı˳죬޷ļƻⷢѱף֡
üף书Σ
֪绪ҡҡͷ̾ӹƧɽһֱڰɽͽǸտĵ̳ĵӣˣҪɽġ
ĽЦЦǾͿҵıˣ˵ܵסף
ھưոݣҪùˡ绪¶Цݡ
һ㷢ڶа㷢£Խ԰ϸ壬
ĽЦЦ绪ߵ涾
ĽЦһʮ壬һһݰɣ
绪ƲƲ죺ҪɱһˣҪţ
ĽǾͿڵˣŴɣ̫ݰɣѷҼʦɱˣɱ¾
ǵá绪ҡҡͷߵҲмĺģ˷ңҲû˵ʲôǷɱǵˣҲӦ
ĽһüͷףΣ
ô绪ҡҡͷΪȻĵ˵ף̰̱Ʒ£书λָߣ˵ʲôҲûá
ѽĽͷȻЦһѻΣ
ʲô𣿡绪ʡ

һ֪Ľֿʼðˮˣһ𣬷ųҥ԰ѷҽüȮ˴ĹС
ĽЦ˵ð䰲ҵˣڰ·ɱףʲô
ɱף绪Բӵɴ
ĽͷΪǿ
ףʲôףûֱ֣ɱΪ̸̳֮ôͽףҲʲôö
ĵҲ̫ˣ绪̾Ϣ
ĽȥԣǸֱɱˣĻʹ
绪ҡͷףģǳû֪˰ɣ
Ľһ˲ɣҪ˰æ̫õָϣֻܿСˣ
ң绪һۡ
ĽЦС㲻Ӳɣ
ߣðɣҪˣ绪һۡ
Ľ죬ȴúܴ̼´ҪĽǡá
Ľ룬ʦɣӦ㹻ˡ
ǲѡ绪ͷ
ĽǺã˼˻찲ţ
޼ɣһ绪һ¡
ĽЦЦȻ򣺡İɣ
绪һ֣ܿûĺߵףɲһˣһӣСѱ
Ľջ֣ЦţһСĵġ
绪һ뿪ˣ״ģĽЦ
һƬϣ̰Ȼһ紵ҡ͸ݡ
һСƬ֣ܵߴɽм䣬ͨİ޷塣
ԵΧԽװꡣ
һԼԽԽɽмСȻһ쿥ųаʿ뷢԰ףƮ

һݣò񳣬Լʮ꣬ϸӿؼ͸ɭϿᣬ˲ֱӡ
ϣûһ˿Ҳƺˣ˿Ψһ˫Ӳʱأų˿˿â
ۣת۴ɽµï֣ܵüȻһ˻һͣ
ĳ˻Уֻǰڿն˰㻬ԶУȵͣסȻǰ㡣
һǰϣ˫͵ıƱˣɨΧ֡
ǺǡһЦУ˺ȻǰСϣһ˲ͣЦš
Ǹʮ꣬òƽƽеȣۣܲȻ֣ƽʱ߿࿴һۡ
ȻĽһ꣬ҫ۰ٱߣĮȻ
ĽЦǿ罣ף
ǺˣףȲɫ硣
ĽЦףǰҪǷѩǣݻᣡ
ҵˣף˪üһ£˫۱ųɭ亮⣺ôĵӣˣ
ĽǺЦͷһͷҲһͷ֪ףǰƢȻĲǵģβʹһЩףǰ棿
٣Ϊǿඣףһ˿ЦĮ
ĽЦҲң˻ǽֻףǰ˵ʵ
˵գšף
Ľףǰλͽɱģɱ˵ˣԩģ
绪Ȼһۡ
Ľƾǵ书ɱλͽףǰ
ٺ٣˼ףЦҡͷ
ףǰţĽʡ
ףҡͷ˵⻰
ĽͷʵףǰҪ֣ԩǲǣ
šף򢣬˼

Ľϲӣæףǰǣ
мֿšףͷƾǵı£ɱȷʵɡ
Ľæͷѣǣ
աףһ֣˵ǵ˴ʦűϷЩ棬һֻҪϷϼۣұĹǰңǲɱ
⡭ĽɣΪѵҡҡͷʵڲǰⶼҥԣʲôʦű
ף˪üô˵ǲඣ
Ľæ֣ףǰдʦűͶ㵽ɽĻţԶﴫ
ף¶֮ɫһЩлŪϷ򣬽ʦűǰһݹϷ򲻿
ףǰûдʦűĽε̾
ףγ䳤Ĩһ˪Զĵ£Ľܸоɭ֮⡣
ѽǱˣҪɭɭɷȻɱٵˡ
Ľüý
ף볤Ϊһ壬ɭɭһЦҽߣǵٶʮˣ
ĽףǰɱУǶ˰ɣ
ף鵭ĮмһˣԽԽĵ⣬֮ơ
ɭĳϢַ۵⣬˵뽣һݵƺǴһȦ
Ľæףǰûתô
ɣףһ볤һ𣬻Ϊһ⣬ڿһ˲䵽Ľǰ
ĽܹͬʱĴָһ顱һ죬ָײʱһ죬дġ
ĽüһָûƿףϵȻΪǸʤԼһ
뵽ֱ˫ֽӡͣ³һԣʱʩչ壬ƺҲǴһȦ

绪һ֪ʩչ½Ϻȵһϣɱ
һһ°ףΧڵУеĳȭеĳƣӡȭӰ´£ף
ףη壬ƥԣΧײȭӡӰȫȥ鰲Ȼݡ
Ϊ΢ü֣ףû뵽һԲ·硣
ĽüҲû뵽ףʦѾб޻Сʻ괬ˡ
ȵףǰý
һϺУŷŵʨӺķףûзһУʱУʱһ
ȭӡӰƿ֣䵽ϡ
顭˲乤ȭһƣĽȴѾǰһĳ
ǡÿƽΨȭ㣬ʩչ
ף£βסˣûƿһ㣬ĺѡ
Ľý㣬ҰƲǺ޷ӦѪӿһʱ֮תҲʩչΨӲֽƣӭĽơ
飡һ죬Ľ˺һ漴̤ǰ׷˺һףٴζơ
顭һΧѪҡ绪ŵĶųˣƷ缤֮£Χ೾׷֡
绪֣˵ĽΪʤԼһʩչףΪίʵǰδ
顪һƳ죬ͬʱɳһ⡣
绪ҪȥסĽĽڿһѪ͵һ泯Ʊվ֣Ĵָ͵ĳףһ
ףڿУѪ붯ĽָѾ
飡ףٴηɳһ⡣
ĽԳ绪ңɱ


56 ɱ
绪һ׹ܴȴУ֪ûдһŵȥ׷ף
ףָУֱֱƽɳȥһ⣬顱һƺһ¡
Ľָ죬Ŷֵһ֮󣬻ף⿪ˡ
Ϊ֮Ľȷʵͷһμʶȭƻϣһף벻ȥ
绪߷Ӧ׷ǰʱӽһն͡һ»֣
һֱȭ˳ȥײ⡣
ͣ»ֱƿȭӡӰ˼һЩ
ȴľѣæһ»ӹˣ
֨Żɢֵ񻺻£м۶ϣǵ;㱻סûȫء
һ»ίʵƿȭƷ֮һնУ³Ӻòȥ
Ľ顱һأ³һѪؿڵ˳˳ȥһһףߣٴο񹥡
ޱȣ˻ûӦѾףףȻΪȴĽҲѷһһ±Ľס
Ľʽ磬绪ͷһμʶƷףҲͷһֻ̣ţޱȡ
ĽĿ籩깥£ףûʩչأֻȭŹӦĽȭŹóġ
Ϊ񣬰Ľô£͵ˣҲܡ
˵ĽһιƿĽƷףһһÿһеλöһ
ͬ꾮һ¸һ£ԽԽˮܴʯĽҲףܶࡣ
Ľʽֲ˹ĲףĽȫû֮أú޻֮
ջǳԾû뵽ҵСѲǸϣͨʦűõľʽ

ôһĶʱȣ㾫ʽǾԲеģ򣬰£ǹ˰ڣֻǶСɡ
ʦűȻԼǵõˣ˵лΪʦ뵽Ī
Ϊʦ֮£ЩһֱڰڱչؿޣиĹǧټƵĵõֶаֻҪõٶҲϧ
һжΪһĿġʦ
Ϊʦ֮ԸΪ˳ΪʦʲôʲôֶΣҪɡ
ΪˣʮȫעŮ˽飬ӣֻΪԼġ
ʱʱţ岻۷֮ʱԼʱԽԽ٣ľԽԽ
Ϊһǰװ˷ѣﲻĿˣû뵽ȻдʦűŰɡ
ʱ򣬿ĽԾ׵зԼޱȣţдʦű
Ⱦƣ־ܣ׷ģ׷ģԽεʱڿһ⣡
Ц״绪һæϸȥĽ籩͹ͣЪռϷ硣
Ľüͨһֱţף˼Ժ°̾Ϣпǧ
ʦԶԼѣף׷һǲɵãԼأ˵Ҳ³
ĽĶãһ߸пţֽûţ׵һһʩչ˫ȫףסѡ
֯һ㣬ͣ֯һһ㣬ȴĻףһ¡
ףίʵѲΪ񣬻һΪǳģ¾ʹˣαطĻҪĲ
ףȵϣֻҪøҿʦűҲ׷ǰңڣ
ĽǺЦҡͷҲϡ

ףһ߻˫һ߳ú룬˰ڣһΪͽҳΪʦҲָ㣬ܱԼǿ˵ʵƾΪʹдʦűܲʦ֮أҲʦûõģ
ĽߵףǰɲôѽҿŲ
ףߵֻӣˣǽΨһĵӣҪ̳²ģ޶Ůֻܿգָ㣿
ĽҡҡͷǺЦտκڷѩǣܲǺޣһŲ
ףˣ˭ҲԹãֻܹԼˣҾǺ㣡
ƽף˵Щʱץһϣʧ̬鼱жϿҡ
ĽҡҡͷЦףǰ˱ҸͽˣҲǰףǰ㻹İɣ
ඡףɫ
ĽЦףǰİɣ
ףЦһ٣ֻɱ㣬ȡʦűҲҶôӲ
Ľҡҡͷףǰ˵󻰣ƣ
͵һգףΧʱ͵һһһ°
ףĶʱһֲͣ
顭һȭӰ֣׷ףؿڡ
ءһͻĺХף˲ֱпɽʯ֮ơ
Ľ͵ĵɳȥһȻƵףؿӿ޵ֱֿ֮ӷɳȥ
ףϺһ͵ļһѾ̵Ľؿڡ
ĽܣɳУֱӴ̴أڱð
绪һֱѾˣףЦŰνҪһ£ȴȻһ
ĽȻ¶һЦݣվԭһȴǶɽʯУ֮ʱĽƵĹ
Ʋ֪Ƿ˱仯ǰɣûһ˿Ѫɫ
ףӲȴ룬ĽƻһƣȻޱȣףƸһ𣬰ƵѾؿڡ

飡ף˳ȥڿһѪ
ĽһѪ绪סе޼ɣ
ĽҡҡͷЦ𼱣ˣ
绪㡭㡭
Ľҩ
绪ʱӦæ뻳ͳһƿæҵĴӵһѪĵĽ
ĽЦʲô
˵ˣǷ굤ֻҪһˡ绪һ⻹Ҵģǰڵҩ
ĽһԶȻףǺЦúȤڵˣֱڵҩȡ
Ѫ쵤켴һθתת֮һƮƮģҪһ㡣
ҩĽ̾
绪ŲؿڵĳƣҪνȴңνǹؼһԣอ޴˺
Ľһߵ·һʯͷ£Ȼؿڵָ̧ͷЦɣν
绪ɵھͰô
ĽͷҪûҪ
˼άʯ˲ƲûҪԲŸɽף񶯵֮ʳơ
һǻһȥף٣ò
һֱֿչ죬뵽ʵŽԭѧںϡ
⻯Ʊɹ羭ںϣ߱Ͷ֮ķںѡ
һϣһ죬Զʤǰɵɱˡ
绪ΧףߣףѾˣоô
绪εĵͷҾͰˣ

˫ϽᶯǲĽؿڣһ¾ͻʹѵһͷѾһ㺹顣
ĽЦЦҪģξǣ
ã绪һҧ˫һգʱ뿪Ľ壬һѪ
绪ҪǰֹѪѪȴѾֹס
ĽֹѪַܿ壬ֱ˿ϣѪݾȷĿǿľ
绪һĽɫ԰һЩûд󰭣̾´αˣ
ĽЦСӢۣ
һðգԸףܱף׷ɱдŲɱǼɲɡ
нղ񹦣ǿ˼֣һһƣҲ׬㡣
绪ͷû뵽ף
û˵ĽЦʡ
绪ҡͷ˵ףҲܵ͵һֱ֣˿
ĽΪʦϧδԸôЩϧǰ˰ɡ
绪ͷţȷʵӦúᣬҪ͵ڣ
⡣ĽͷЦŪײģͻذڣҲݹ
绪ҾǣϽ˹˰ɡ
ĽЦЦٶ˵˫˹ˡ
绪һһߣԸ˼䣬߶һۣһߵȥ¸޼ɻɣ
ǼʶףҲĽµ˼ףķǾסҺĽһɱף
ǼȶĽķԾǸм塣
绪ͷٶ˵ͷףƣֻɫڣжǱ̿
ҡҡͷٶ࿴ȷ͸ˣмֲʵУôױɱˣΣװ
Լһ£ҧԼһڣȷġ

з굤ҩĽǼأ̸Ц벻⣬ȴڲס˵ʵ
̫õ֮ϷأĽ˵Ϣ³ɽ³ɽǸտκ֮йء
ƽ޹ʵôˣһǸ˽֣书ǿ˽֣ܾտκ
Ǻһ룬˼һҲԸĽôˣ漴뵽Ŵɣӿһΰܵôңһ˵Ҫʩչ
ʱǰʱ֣Ϧ£бŴĴѴӳͶܰ³ɽȴܰ
ĵҲ߯ˣΪũҡͷѡ
³ɽߵɵúãСӾǻɱ˸ɾ
³ź촽ͷ
³ɽڰֵϺǲ˵ˣôԸðɣû̫ˣ
Ϊũ̾ڵĻǻƾУֻһϣһˡ
ҿˣ˵³ɽ޺޵ĵǾͻôߣ֪Ǵ򲻹
һǿҪԴΪũΪȻ
³ɽշûôӣģ
ΪũЦ֪̽ǵʵ̣µġ
˵ŻĹֽһ¾װ꣬ͷ³ɽ˵˼仰³ɽɫ䣺ʲôģ
ͷ³ɽڰ֣ã֪ˣȥɣ
ȥ³ɽɫΪũæʲôˣ
̵ģˣףˣ³ɽȻߵ
Ϊũһ£ף罣ף
³Ծףʦ壿ô᣿
˵Ǳҵ˷ʬͻ˰ڡ³ɽ졣
Ϊũɴ۾Ƿ𣿡


57 ׷
ɱˣͻȥƣǶڵƣֻҪǸ˾Ͳôɡ
³ɽ͵Цһҡҡͷ˵ǲף磬ʰʬ׻ȥ
ⲻǷˣɵˣΪũҡͷ
³ҧź촽ףʦˣǴ£ô꣬ǰڵʦǴûġ
ȻǲǰҾ˵ˡ³ɽ
ΪũͷȷΣʹǰģҲôĿŵİͻȥ˵Իǰҹˡ
³ɽһһǶ֮ǴʦűǵĻ
Ҳ湻ùģûдʦűǸգ˰ڣΪũҡͷ
³壬ǲ˵ʦκʦ޼ɱ𣿡
ɫʱˣæָڴǰʾ˵
³ͷ˼ЦЦ
⻰汻ˣ޼ɣù̫ãԼҲѲϵ
κʦǵľٶֻ˳㣬Ҫҵģʦű
ʦűȷʵջ󼫴λʦһȻףʦ⣬ףʦһǲµġ
ϧջ˰ϣΪΪʳ̰ҪãԾ衣
³ɽҡͷЦ
ΪũȻΪˣ
˵ˡ³ɽڰ֡
ΪũæôҲһˣʲô˵ʲôģϽ˵ɡ
³ɽⲻǸƲ⣬̫׵Ʋ⣬˵ǣǲ˵Ϊ˵ҪǴȥǿҪù
Ϊũü룬Ȼɫ΢䣺ǹģ
٣ڲ֪ԼڼǶôЦҵĵӿνСòСˣ³ɽȻЦ
³æֹʲôˣ

ΪũЦǰףһˡ
˵³ɴԾĵ˵޼ɱףʦ壿
ꡪͬʱָϡ
Сȥǿɾˣ³ɽߵ
³ɴӣҡͷɣ
³ɽߵΪˣʦ֣˲ľףˣ
ףʦֵ书³ҡͷףʦ书ԨĪ⣬ڰ˸˵ʤģ޼򲻹ףʦģ
Сأ³ɽߵҡҡͷ˵Ĺϵɲһ㡣
ΪũͬĵͷСٺϼˣףҲӦôʦ֣
³壬Ķ϶޼µ֣
Ϲ°ˣôܶ϶³ɽҡͷЦҲʿҾó
ҲôáΪũͷ
³ƲƲ죺ǵˣ
ڵȻ֪ףףʦǶ֣пɲףʦһͬΪһʮˡ
Щʦʦһ鶯֣μҲסο̫ã޼ɴ˾
³ɽЦİɣ̶ˮˣףһ˭Ҳ鲻˭µֻ֣Ұˣǵùˣ
ֶιȻĪ⣬Ϊũ̾
³ɽЦڣ̫ϣඣ
³ƲƲ첻мĵ̫ɢ˾ͺã̫󣬲ָ
³ɽǺЦ֮ʰãҪʰã͵ȶԸңӦģֻܿģС
ߣԭǴ⣡³ΪȻĵСŲЩ¡
Ѿͷ㲻ġ³ɽЦеİ֡
ΪũЦ㻹û˰ɣ
塪³ɬĽ
ΪũǺЦඡ

ϦȥĺɫŨӿģʣƵϣĽСͤ
ֻƽСͤյ磬Σ죬Χ顣
СͤʯʵľƺƱɢ͵ĹâϻСģһ̹Ϲ
ĽһϮһȻԵùģʱһСͽ
ɫ󣬺֮ࡣ
ŲĽδԶ鿴绪һ˫¹ƤСѥСͤͣĽǰ
Ľװû۾飬ֳ̽ȥȴ˸գ̧ͷ
ôˣЦŷ飬Ц绪к£ҵù˰ɣ
ߣ˲ˣ绪ƲƲ죬ȴҵĻ죬ߵڳ߸ʦһٰѰɨƽˡ
Ľûôǰ˰ɣ
绪һмĵڵ׷ϣӵûӰˣ֪ɽȥң
԰ڵӡ󻵣ҿĽɱף԰ڵľηҲ˼֣Щ
ĽǰڣҺ޻֮Ѿ˱ŵ׼˺·պɵСģѾҲңм̵ֵģ
ʦű绪Ц
뵽Լ׷ɱǱ뵽ģǽޣмͬ飬Ҷ㣬ҵ棬˶棬ѣӲ
뵽ֻһҥԱ㽫Ū壬һɳɾԺУ˵š
ĽЦҴĵ̼һ±ܴݻ٣Ȼ汻նȥڣʱĻܽŷѿɳ
ôа绪ҡҡͷ
Ľҡͷ̫עˡ

㶮Ƶġ绪ƲƲ졣
Ľһаǿڰνľ֣ش֮ûǽסݲеģμҰһ㲻֪
绪ҡҡͷĽ̾ŮվˣȻ֪ġ
绪ɫһ䣬Բӵɴ󣺡˵ʲôѽ
ĽЦ޳ȥŮóȥˮ˵ŮɣǼ޵˺μңȻҪμңҪԭԭμҵĵϸ˵ȥġ
޼ɣ鷳ǲǣô޵μң绪һ㺮˪
Ľҡҡͷ̾޵μңϼң֮ҪŵԵġ
Ҳˣ绪
ĽЦðɡ
绪бһۣһ
֪Ľ̽Լأƫƫ˵˵Сɣʲô¶Ҹɣ˵ȥˣ˵ɣƫƫ̽̽ȥǲ˵ԼܾƵģֻܽû
ĽҪĶŪ˰ɣ
ûأٹɡ绪
ĽһüͷøϿ죬ҹζ࣡
֪һһߵġ绪ûĵ׷ϡ
ĽЦЦһ޷
ǰϣӵһ׷ĵط绪ҡͷΪȻĵı´úܡ
Ľͷûж˵˵ٶҲûãͽѿࡣ
˵ƮȻҰС㡣
㣬Ūˣ绪ʡ
ͷЦǣյ
˵ŰѻҰݵϡ
绪һָĽҪġ
Ľ¶Цݣã
һУɫƮϣһһöƴı壬Ө
ܵõѵãĽù塣
绪Ҳö壬ʵؼãֵƣȻҴ壬Ҳʲô˶УóȥɵһСԺˡ

ĿĽĽȴ˵ֻǴö壬ׯࡣ
ιĽ²˳٣㶯
ˡ绪ü
ĽЦҪ
绪ְ󣬴˴Ŀû뵽ôص˾ȻѾˡ
ĽЦ굤ȷʵǰڵҩ
绪ǵȻ
мɻ󣬷굤Ȼ飬Ҳ˵飬̶κôصˣǱ顣
Ľ˵Ҳʣÿ˶иԵܣҪֿ֪ԣ֪һ㡣
Ҹһɡ绪
Ľҡҡͷֻһԣܲҵ˵
绪ʶĽ׷ҲģһβͬǰΪԷû̫һΰ϶з
˵׷ȥ󣬷һأҪӵСġ
ҲĽΪβԼȥʲôʦűΪǵҥԣԼۡ
ΪĽǲһأ֪һ㣬ҲǿֻǺһҪСģ
ĽͷİɣҵСҪ
֪ͺã绪ߵ
ĽЦѽɣҴš
绪ݣת۹һͨںڣǺ̿һ㡣
ףĽãȴֵɽǲմǣֻܽʬһͻ˰ڣ绪μġ
Ľ绪ڰ֣һʧŮĿʧ
С㣬޼Ҫ㲻ʡ
绪ߵȥɱϡ
ѽͷЦСͷİɣСģµġ
Ը˰ɡ绪Ȼ̾뿪Сͤ

ɽţççȺɽ֮УҰ޲ʱֽУλڱҹ붫ݽ紦ɽ
ɽһ̾ᣬѱҹ붫ݷָڳ˶ǵ
߶ԻһЩҲһ·ȥҪҪĹ
ɽɽ֮ɽȣɽɽȻҲִ࣬ŸҰݣû·һ˶ȥѷ֡
ʱһСɽУһˮ̶ߵĴʯͷϣʯͷ齣⻬ס
ۣüëͦ峺ˮ棬ɫüë䷺ɭɭɷ
˰ΣȻתͷ¼ȻˣαزͷβҼˣ
ĽһϮ̤һûƮȻ̲ݵϣſ꣺ӣ
̾Ϣǰİǰش仯ԭʹɱҲǱˣ磬ȴɷŨأɢɭɭȴ
㣡üһ£μҵǸ
Ľ΢Ц޼ɣ
޼ɣüЩ棺ôҵҵģ
ĽЦЦ򲻸ˡ
һ˿ЦҲõʦű
ĽͷЦʦű˭õ;ĩ·ˣβһƣ۽磿
绪İɣ̾
ĽЦӵĶСһֱء
ҡͷ̾СҲ侮ʯðĳʧأ
ĽǺЦҡͷӺγ侮ʯұ˴˱˴ˣкʧģӲʱˣǿ콻ʦűɣ
ԭҥ˰ϸǰʩչͨȴȻԼзˡ
ȷʵţ䲻֪ǲǴʦűӦüֵơ
ǱģĽᣬ书ȴǲܲƵģܿϵҲһš
ҡͷ̾Ϣһҡҡͷ̰ຣ˽׹ຣܽѣұһѣ
Ʈʯͷ̤Ľÿһϻ
Ľɫˣû뵽ϱ


58 
̶̼µĹ򲻼ͬһˣÿһ̤һ㹦岽˽ǰΪ֮Ѿ
ĽأŰϣʦűȻӽϲɺأ
٣ʦűϺȻЦҡͷҲõʦűС㱨𣿡
ĽЦ߼˰ɡ
ҡͷǰһǸڿҲһʧ
Ľ΢ЦҵΪ֪ģ
ϵΪǴʦű£
ĽЦѵǣ
ҡͷ̾Ұҵת飬ϧ
źɫ̾ϧٵʮ꣬´飬пܳΪʦ
ĽȻת飿
ϵҰҵĻܣ֪ˣֻɱ㣡
ĽЦ֮ǰΣ
㲻֪̫࣬Ϊת飬ű䵽زϧֻһţϵ˵ɫȻһ࣬ǣʮ֮һ̤ʦ
Ľеĺâ˵ʱ仯Ũԭƽʧ
̾˿˵ԼʹĶƣʹ䵽ⲽǵҲ⣬ԼҲʩչ˶ơ
ϵתҹãɲ˴ʦɱ㻹Ǵ´࣬Ҳذ׷Ļˡ
է䣬͵һǣΪٴαǣĽֻǰɽתӵĳ嶯
ʱİϱüΪ£ӿ糱ˮѹһһû֣ĽѾ彩Ӳء
״̬£ʮӲɣѡ˫ֽӡ³һԣʱʩչ˴
һѹʱһᣬӿƵڣղŴԾ屿ء

ɣϵʴ䣬һ곤ʮ꣬üɭɭϣĿӸ¡
ĽüоϺһˣڣˣΪ죬ëȴֱͣľԼ롣
ĽдŲûмܣ뿴ת鵽ʲôʹʲôӣʵ˶١
СˣĽֱһȭӰϡ
һӰɢҡҡͷȻ㹥ϣٴһ
ƵӿĽֻһɾ˹ɼĵˣͣס
ɫѿⰲϵΪίʵˣԶԼܵУʹʩչ˴ҲԶǶ֡
дŲõѡжԶܶԶ⻹Ҫܲӵõ
û뵽ⰲϵΪﵽزʩչĳʱ䲻̫á
ʱ伫󻼼΢̫ǿᣬܹĺ֢
ҡͷϧңĵȥɣμСһúչˣ
Ľɫһ۾У仰ۡ
νʣǺΪתȷʵһ鵤ҩɣ
鵭Į˿ϣٴһ
һĽ뽣һһ㵽˰ϸǰһؿڡ
͡²֮ӿ̲ݱ𣬾ŷԣͬ緭ء
ƿսǿ˲̵ϣֱƿ
Ϊأƿսȴã谭ƿսϮϷӦ죬ŬƣܿĿڣ硣
žĽһתתʱը۴Ȼûá
ƺһ˫һºˡ

ϰĽȻԼ־ŭ˫һº͵һơ
Ľνһܿһƣ顱һ죬೾ɢ䣬ϳһӡ
ܵͬʱ̳һ˲䵽˰Ϻ󱳣βСƣæһ
ĽŤһ˲̴˰ơ
ƿս缫ߣ֮󣬶ƿսԽԭ;׵ĽʹޱȵҲ֣б·硣
ƺһɫ䣬ŭȥռϷ磬û뵽ĽĽаţȣƿԼ
뵽ˣκȻһһ㳯Զȥĸ飬ҾˣжϾ԰ҵ棬ȱΪҪ
Ľû뵽ߣһ֮ʩչŲ˲һ̳
飡һ죬ֱֱ˳ȥϲų
ĽĿԼĽûƿս֮ǿˣǰһֱñ˷ɵֻ˫ƣƿսķɵɱﵣʩչΪɣҲʩչ
ǰûȫƿս佣̫£󷨣֮ƿսҲԽ͸
ҡҡͷԶİϣû뵽׾ɱ˰ϣ֪ԼƿսܲܶԸʦԾԾԡ
ߵǰʱѾһᴩ࣬ʹҲҴ档
̾˿ͨȴûŪת龿ʲôΪϧڶʱڽΪزתһ˲õĶ
ѳγѪմһһ£ϻɳһɫֽĽסˡ
򿪿ȴɫһ䣬ʧԭء

ʧĵӰƮƮ˰ߣȴĸߣü԰ףӤ
ףĽһ̵üŰϵ˿ڣҡͷ˽ѵڣ
ɫʱһĬȻ
ҡͷ̾ҪڵĻҲ·Ļˣ
աһС߸ϡ룬˵ڲмǣ
˭֪ôģһֶնյҡҡͷ̾Щһ뷨Źֵúܣǲ²ġ
ȻڲˣǲǡСü
̵ЦһߣڻǱˣʦűһҪᵽ
½ʦ֣ڿɵﲻ𣡡Сæ
ЦֻҪܶôʦűкξ壿
Сѵ½ʦ֣Ƕ˴ʦűҲδܲ͸Ϊʦ
½ʦֵôˣܲİɣ˴ʦʲô˲𣡡
½ʦ˵öԣҪڣʦűõ˳ͷ
Ľڰüѣĸ߽ǰڸ֣ΪȲϰϣȴҲѵһĶ֡
һ˵Ļܵס˴һǶ֣ҿ彣ȻҲǾͨ
ƿսȭŸ֣ʤܣϽȴеˣĽܲԭ磬һѷɫ
տκ߲УΪɬԶĸߵĻȻ
ǺðɣǾ׷СεĵͷʱӣλΪһĨ⣬һ֡
ĽȻԸоСǳԼҵԼ
ôԶ뾹ҵС߱ػ漼֮Ȼʿ٣Сˡ
һԼõ֮ɲĸ߶֣ԼɲǶ֣Ϊ
һʩչŲʱʧ

磬ʧѾ֣С߼˸գסȵĵɴСۣʩչС
󣬶׷ģԲˬ
СһһεͣסɫԽԽǷ촦Ȼˡ
ڵˣ½߳
׷Ṧģ޼ǼΪѾǶ⣬׷ϣָ
š˵ͷһСߡ
СߵɫԽԽҪγˮܸоĽĴڣ֪뿪ɲǣƫƫ׷ϡ
Ҫ׽סһ˵½ǣƫƫֻһȻ׽ŪԼּҪҵɡ
ʦܣʵڲɾ˰ɡ½ҡͷ
һ䣬СתͷɹĿ
½εҿˣһ׽Ūأˣǻ֪Ȥúá
뿴һﵽ˭С
½ʦ֣ˣʦܵƢֲǲ֪Ҫ׷ȰסһֶնյЦǺȰ
½ҡͷ׷ѹˣҪ׷׷ˣʦܣˣǻʵϵĺã
½ʦ֣һҪ׷Сһۡ
½εĵհգɣЩ׷ɣ
ǵ֮ʣǡ뿪СЦһߵƣʾ
ģ½ü
СߺߵղžվƬ֮ǰǰҲ㣬ǵƬǰŴ뿪
½ߵһ﾿˭ǲʶģ
ǣСҡͷû
Ǿ˹֡½üΪƣ
ǲǰڰɡֶնЦ
Сתߣ̣߽תֵ֮⣬ͣһǰһǰСɫܵγˮ
½߿ҡҡͷüһ

ɢ̣ơ
Ǹյȼģոһͷ֮ȻңǸϵ֮ǰȼɼεĴݡ
С֪ҵ
֪ģ½ü֪ʦ㱾µĽǼʦֵܡ
СҡҡͷǸҪ׽סʸף
½ߵ᲻
ߣôףС߰ȻЦ½ʦ֣Ǽɣ
½߳
½ʦ֣ʦ˵ܲãֶնЦݣ
ʹ󣬱ݸߣΪ־ڰڶһԾŶܵơ
ңƫƫǵṦռţŭ죬׽סˣʵؿݡ
½߼״εĵͷƢѽԽԽðɣʩչ׷һҲʶһһʲôˣ
ͬʱؿڵ£Ȼ͵һȦ漴ȥδǣ˲Сâ֡
ߣС߶ϺһعģµһʱɢΪĩ
ʧԭأһǰʱǵ۶ˣԵһ㣬ոյȼȻ˸ߡ
ԽѸݣǼƬӰʧ
׷һһ£ȴ˸գת۹򾭹Լ￪⡣
ɽӴޱȣǽǾʮɽѡ
ͣһ£ɫΪд˼֣ÿһǰƴС
٣ֶΣ½ɫ
ҲˣС߶Ϻһ͵һĳ顱һֵһըĩƮ
ǰʱһ䣬һء
ã󷨣½߳Ťͷȥɫѿ˲Ӱӡ


59 
һԼɵһ㣬ɫˮû뵽ôСģô򵥾˻ӡ
侪ŭȴûǿŭܣҪҵÿȻû֮ҵƿ󷨡
ûģٶ࿴󷨵Ա֮ǣһȫݽУԽݵԽ
Ҳ㳣ʶֻҪ֮ľûб仯ֻǰһɱʶ
Ƭ̣γӶ֮벻Զ˵ܹϣֻҪ˾۵һͺðˣ˶
Ӷ˼Ȧüͷû̽ˣԶпǰ֦趯ԭľܹǡ
뵽Щ˷ܣæ߹ȥ߳ɫʱһ䣬Ťͷɫٴη仯Ŀȫˡ
͵ĸԼһƣ̫ˣҡ̤һݽˣ
췢һХƬ̣ԶХӦХ׷ȥ
ʱһХʩչṦɽɽˮˮֱǰһɫٴ
ԶХһֱڱ仯ǰںٺң仯Ī⣬ͬʱڳХ
Ѳ˶ԼХ½߳룬äĿ׷ֻһȥ
ŶһǰԼʮȴûХϱһֱХͣӦԼĳХ
ü룬ģһ߳ХһֹʮûжÿγХֻϱӦ
εҡҡͷֻܳ϶ȥʮХٴʧֻХӦ
ʱɵҲ֪⣬󷨵ãҪԼŪΣŪԺȷʵﵽĿġ
һͣ½Ų֪ҵͬûʲôָˣԽԽҪù
Ψһĳ·ֻԭ£ȴ

Ľ֮۹۲ĸһһУΪǳԸ̾ȻǰڣΪ֮ԶԼɼ
ʩչ˴ҲûаʤһˣҲ֪ͨܲʤƿս
ƿսȴΪǵһ˿ɼĽ䲻ĻͬѱûʤƿսĴڡ
дŲҿˣһƾǵΪ׷ԼҲӲ
ĬĬ۲һӣת뿪󷨹һʱȻɢտκ֮ŰϵѾΪһⲻգ׷ԼͷϣҲڽԹûҪȥɱĸߡ
һһߴ򿪰һƽСӣһɫľᣬԼʮҳĹĵġ
ͷһϲûСӣùϸһйӳپӣŨ֮üЦҡͷϵ⼸֡
ԭ磬еĹϵãȴɣ˵ԶƲϲѧʶ
˼ۣվûУϵûǲϵãΪƵ˶ϵã˲ͬ
о⼸ŵʣӦǷŵĶ֮Ϥ̹ġ
ķż棬ϧķԭ粻ͬ˸ǣ书֮ء
ѩʦǰＴʹţҲֻܲѣ޷ѧֻ˵ط书ͬ
˷ŵطȼָпԼԵϻԵ
˵ϵ⼸֣֪дʲôΪǷ𾭣ϲһ׷֮
˷棬һЩӡĻȻһЩ֣һ滭һ˶ϣ΢˫ֽۣᴥӡʹâԺ֡
һǲˡ
ѾŻػȻСӣһۣһԲĺӣ޹⣬һīˮ̳һź顣
ѵǿת飿
Ľ鿴һȻעȴ޷ӦȻԾϣҲ޷Ӧ
룬ռָһͷѪϺ飬Ѫֱ˳Ż䣬˿մȾǺ޷Ӧ
ĽҡҡͷźԽԽһƽʯӣôԶûзӦֱ鲻żҪ̽
Ȼȴܿܳԣίʵָơ

ҹμСԺ
ʱ֣绪Сͤһֻ򢣬첲֧ʯϣ֡
ҡƺĪɣϣĲ֪Χһж
һϮī֬Ӱһ˫Ӻڵī׵ˮڰ׷
Ĳȴڲָʲô۵ĺ촽ϸϸüëʱһ¡
ι̾һЩȻҪȥ˯ˣȻһЦ𣺡С㣿
תĽһϮƮƮЦվСͤǰ
㡭㡭绪ָ
ĽЦ󹦸ɣ
绪һûĵôŻ
ĽǺЦһС鷳
ʲô鷳绪һ½ĽǰԲɵĽš
ĽҲȥˡ
ڵˣ绪üëμҲǲĴڣһķͻݡ
ĽЦȻʿ٣һˣˣҵ˰ϲ֮ǰһ
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ĽҡͷЦ󷨰סԵͷ׷ҿûôඡ
ʲôͷ绪¶Ȥ顣

ĽһԾƮƮСͤʯǰ£绪棬ִһյ裬ӽ
ĽӹյЦеĵɥԽԽǵùһ¹
ôȥ绪ʡ
ĽЦʧȥԽԽ״̼Խȥ
ᣬԽԽۣ¡һ죬Գ˶ԲһԶȴһըףҡಡĿܾŹȥбףûʮȫʮġ
绪ƲƲҪǱ֪ˣˣ
ĽҲвڣϴҲûõģڵĵ񣬸ơ
ĽҡͷЦûǳ棬ڰڻǲСƣ
Ȼ绪ûĵûֱ£ˣԽ϶Խɲ̫ǰСС֣
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ĽЦϵ֣
绪ȻģǱأ
Ľģ
绪ͷϹʱڵ֣ϽᾭԭǷ𾭰
̧ͷĽҡҡͷ¶ʧɫ

ĽȻǷ𾭣дʲô
绪ҳгš
飬УĽֻľͣΧһз·𶼰ͷ˵
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绪Ͼᣬ̾Ϣһҡͷ˵Ҫ
ȻĽͷ
ҲˣȷʵǷһֱ֪Ͻᾭ
绪ҡͷ֮Լ׵ģҿ˰ɣ
д͵Ҳ˵ף˵ĹʶϹһЩķʧΪС̫ѡ
ҲϹǾμʮ˵ŬһЩȴʧأûμɣεݺᡣ
ÿʲͬʺͬѧʵȥ֮ѧ°빦
Ϲ֮뵱֮˵ʲͬ˵㾭ͨǧӲգɳۡ
ķԺ߶ȴǶĴڣһܡ
Ľչ죬Ϊĸ̣ղ񹦣л羭Ϲʱڵ˲࣬ΪǸµһ֡
ûĽ壬죬绪ศԶĽ
ۻģҲ඼绪Թ⣬μѾûˡ
ĽЦ֪ɣ
绪üʹˣҲк棬ٶȱͱȱķʱȥģҪʲôϽᾭûʲôãֻ˵æ
ĽЦеĵܰٺò
ߣ˱ȴﲻԼֿԣ

Ľô˵£һҪϽᾭ绪㣬֪ȰһҲãҲͰˡ
εɣ㻤
˵ǰǳɫĽЦеĴӦæд
绪ȻӦˣ±ʹ죬ʯϱбīֽ⣬ﵹЩˮȻĥĥ̺ؼ㣬ʿʼд
Ƭ̹дؼ㣬ǽϽᾭд꣬ķ㸴ӡ
֪ԽǸӵĶԽףΪѲдþϸһһǡ
Ǽķдü򵥻ã㾫ķȴдô򵥣ǾǴˡ
ÿһܶҪķľÿһܼѡ
ɣ绪ߵ
ӡԣй룬ķߣҪǻȻΪһ壬Ҫһ֮ʮӡⴿ˵ģ˭õ
ĽЦл
绪ûĵ˵ϵľͺˣ
ĽǺЦ㲻ϵãһұˣѾ񡣡
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ĽǺãһԿ
绪æ˵ˣɵĻǿܵУ
ĽĲɵĵͷúá
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ͼҪ棬ԽʵԽ󣬽Խ죬޷Ϊʵɴ˾
һżԼףվĹԽ̼ʵ
绪ֻԲĽøԶԼˣҲܰԼԼɺٰ绪ɣ˿Իæ


60 
ϽᾭãдҲֻ
ǾۣҲˣͬ˵ܼǱĽԴһӣûٶ룬ֻҪһԱǡ
ķģĸף֮ɮҲȲϣټտľ񣬽ľκһķ´ࡣ
Ͻᾭ䲻һԣܰδһ
绪˫ֻӡʼ˼Уɵӡһ޶
̾ĽɣԼôӵӡûмϰܡ
Ľʼʱӡֻܻ׼ȷʱ˸ӡһһ׼ȷʼӿٶȣԽԽ졣
˺绪ֻܿһӰӣΣҡͷЦپԼɼҲһܴﵽһʮӡпܴﵽء
ĽԽԽ죬˺ֻһŹӰ
衭Ȼ췢һԡ
绪ֻһ漴һᣬʱƮƮģҪһ㣬ӯ͸תҲ˼֡
ȻĽɴ󣬾ޱȣѲϽᾭ
̫ܰɣ˼ѵķһɣǻˣ
ĽһĽȴһͣסˣ˫ֽӡ˫˫ۣһ
绪ֻӿȣεһһԵģǲ˲ӡ
ɣһһɣһһ˿ңžȿ˵
һһʱҹɫȫ֣ʵ¹СͤϣѾǰǰƵ㡣
վСͤĽϢţ羲ˮ֪ʱţпʱĽȻϺһ壡

ͬʱۣ绪ֻһĿ죬Ŀһգһ±óؼ֡
Ľ΢Цˣ
ˣ绪ŵʡ
ĽЦеĵͷ
绪üѽд͵ķûôɵģ
ĽǺЦ²ţмִǻۡ
һʱ˷ܣ˵˼٬ѣƽʱƽ죬绪һϹèӰˣ
ĽҴСĹ°빦һˣţ
ֲأռ˴ˣ绪Ȼͷ˵˵ɣ˵ķʲôá
ĽҲҪһкãһʽаãСΣ
ð绪
ĽѸٽ˰˸ӡ³һ֣Ȼ˫һָ绪˫һ
ΣĽЦ
绪ŤͷЦеĵȤ
Ľʣкθܣ
оðֹˮ绪
Ľͷһʽֹˮġ
˫ٴνӡ³һ֣绪һָ
绪˫һЦӺˬ
Ľͷ֮ٴνӡ³һԣȻ绪һָ绪ЦҲӣúˬ죬ʲôһ¾ͨ
Ľͷ֮
ٴνӡԣ绪һָ绪ü˫۶ʱâ䣬ô£طһ
Ľͷȼգ
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绪æô£Һǣ
ĽŬ۾Цתƣҵȫˡ
绪һЦȤ

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Ͻᾭİ֮ȫתƵϣȴܿƵסΪǰ漸ּӳڣǿǿܹܵסȻǾǿļԦȻǿ绪ܹɵļԦΪ
绪ĵúãϽᾭ
ĽŬ۾ҡͷðԵķţһţ
һ˫˫ֽӡŬ³һԣ绪һָ
绪˻Σƺε
Ľҡ£绪һǰסʲôǿ
˵ŽһĽ塣
һЦ
绪ʲôѽⴿǳȫˣҸоǲʹָһûʩչǿ
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ĽЦԴ˾
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Ѿ㹻˲̵绪ϣû÷
ף绪ȻĽ̵ʱε󣬵Сͤϡ
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ĽһǿЦϧһʽûɡ
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Ľһʽʩչ˴ԴԴ˲䲹ġ
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绪һ£̾һʽʩչķͲ
ȰһʽԼϣȻٸʩչʱ˲ָܻûԱίʵ

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绪һϮɫװһԹƣ̾¯࣬ԼɱȲˣժ֣ǿԿ⡣
һУ˶ժ־һΧҡ
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Ľָˣ࿹ʴӣʱ绪ƣʱĽ
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Ľҡͷǵδأ̰ɣ³ʲôİûУ
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ĽҡҡͷЦеĵҵҪһ·ҵı£ϲȻȥɡ
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Ŀ뿪Ľһڲ裬ҡͷǶ֮
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̫ô³ɽΪũ³һۣ³ɽɫǺ죬ŭΪɶͣʹŷԴ
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³ҡҡͷҲǡ
ȻһЦǶ𣺡³кָ̣
ŤͷȥĽվڴſڣƮƮЦеǡ
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ĽЦٵΣһطЧ


61 
ʲôط³ɽʡ
Ľһ˲ʮӡγһӰӣͣ£ӡ³ɽһָͬʱ³֣裡
³ɽһ漴Ȼ˻Ӹ첲Ȼ̽ץյ顱յϻΪƬˮ£ɴ۾Լ֡
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Ľ΢Цۣٴνӡ³ɽһָͬʱ³һԣ³ɽɫһ࣬˷֮ɫһȥ
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Ľ΢ЦطϽᾭǷ֮Ч
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μ뷶Ʋģʵ൱˶ԷһսҪŪɽ֡

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Ľ̾ﷴû壬סǵμңҡ
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ðɡ³һԥĴӦת˳ȥ³ɽΪũԡ
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Ľվɽ£̧ͷɽסֱͨڣɭɭֱ֮˹򵹲ΰݡ
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ɽһССߣܿï֣ܵľԸߴֱϵЩνǽӹĺľġ
ԽԽïܣСԽԽխû·ߵ˾ͷĽͣԭأȵ̫޼ɣݼι
ϣ纣̲ƽƽӿš
Ȼһʺȴ³̫ã
Ļ̌ͷȥվһ꣬޳Σ峤
Ľȭǡ
ƮƮأ㳾Ľһǰվȭ΢Ц³ʦ㣿
Ľͷһ⣬³ʺι
աͷתƮƮ
ĽƮߣУŤͷ³ʦ㻹ðɣ
Ľͷһкá
ЦŴ̫Ǻְλ
Ľ΢Ц
Ŷһ£ȭ΢Цʧʧԭݹ٣ˣ
ĽЦûմ
Цû뵽̫һ֮꿡ܣúܡ
ĽҡͷЦ̫ãҲܳһ֮
ҿɲɣһʦءҡͷ
Ľɢƣ￴ʦԼɻûﵽʦһϾʤġ
ڵĽǸһ磬ǿҲɣʦĻԶһơ
￴ʦȻûȤΪĽģ³Ρ
˵ʱ²̤ͣƮӣԼһӹ˴ƣɽ
һɽʡƷɽƶߴĴ̻ԻͣݶŽ⡣
ݶ·ʡ
ϿȥʡƷΣԽ߿ʱŻᷢǼԶԼһ
Ľզ࣬ɽ֮Ǿˣû֮ɽѷһĴѩɽ
Ҵȥʦ㡣ߵĴȥ
ǰǿտ䳡ʱнŮееȭţһӿҪ뿪
Ľüͷһ£ȻŴɵĵӣţһγ
ŤͷЦԵȡ
䳡УŤŤһŮǰ˵˼䡣
ĽŮѩһȾףһ˫
ŤͷɨһۣһȪϡ
Ƭ̺ͷƮƮĽǰ³ʦŸң
ǺŮĽ΢Цʡ
ҡŮ
ĽӻͳŵݹȥŮķ£顣
ϣԼµӰӣɲʧ
ƳһۣһֱԼƣ޳ϸµüëһ£ᣬרĿš
Ƭ̧̺ͷ֪ˣ޼
Ľͷǡ
˵书ºС鵭


62 һ
Ľüһ³ǵԼһ֡
תϱ߿һۣ̫õķĿ·ܴգ³ĳԼЦ
ɴ۾ԾĿĽĿ͸
鵭Ľô˵ˣ
Ľ΢Ц³ˣһҰ֮ˣܳʲô书ߵȣǲֵһᣡ
ҡͷ˵ʤκʦܣʦܣǲǣ
Ľ°̾³Ǻ֣Щ˵εĵͷЦǿʤһ֡
ѵãףʦΪףҲףڵǰé
ĽЦЦµ˼̾ι
ҹп
Ľæҡͷιʹá
΢΢üʹã
Ľڹڶ֣ʵǲ˰ɣ书΢˵
˵Ӳ˵ѣ˵书ǲ˵ģӺɷαηη
Ľ̾ιʵڲʤˣλ⣬Ұˣλӡ
ʤңϴλʦȥ̫ãˣҲӦ
Ľüӣ鵭
Ŀڿнһһһ񣬰
Աߵɴ۾ٿǸʦ߰ޱȣӲмһˣҲÿһۣƫƫλ޼ɸˣǺ
Ѳ޼³ʦдʲô
ĽˣҴӦǣιָ̣
õǽҲڽɣ
Ľͷ֪һҲýɣðѽ
Ťͷ˼࣬ѽ
ϣԶһŮӦԲԲӣηԲԲ֮
Աߵı潣ǰĽֿ飺ʦ㣬Ҫд轣𣿡

棬Ľ¶ѯ֮⡣
ﲻҶ˵ֻͷ
ָָĽ˼࣬λ̫õ˵书׿ºС
ôԲŮ´ĽЦʦòҿ˰ɣҿҲûʲô
Ӳʵ汾µģʦã˼ࡣ
Ľ΢Цͷ̹
˼౻ĿһգȻӿɬæܿĿԭ
ܿĽĿ֮󣬶ʱԼæŤͷߵҲὣ𣿡
ĽС˼ЦеĵͷԶһЩ
˼࿴Цݣ¸գߣʦĽŵһܵУ
Ľüͷһ£飺ԭˣ
˼ߵҿ֪ߵغ񣬻ǹԹ˰ɣ
˵ĹΧǷ׷׿֣һһӿȵɢȻΧ˹
һٶУŮԼʮӡ
һֺԲеʦãλǺηʥ
ӶƵĶĽʱҪһ㣬ʮŮζĴĽ
Īʦ֣̫õҪʦս˼
ǺǡԲЦҡҡͷĽ̫ã³ʦҵ̫ã
˼
ԲЦеĵСС̫øսʦ㣬ǵأظߵغ񣡡
ȻЦеģһźģ˵Ļȴ
ĽЦſ飬üɨһΧĿ⽽Բϣ³֣죡
ԲĽ䣬һȻֹǺҵĿԡ
ŽĻ̻ȥǺԼĽ¶Цݡ
ΧɫݺݵĵĽͬܣǶԺʦ㲻ҲǨŭĽ

鵭˼˵Ҫд衣
Ŷ˼ͷƲʦƵأ
ҡҡͷ̾ϢʦõƤ̫ǳûܿǰ޼ɵ
Ŀ⻺ɨȥһһӹʦǵӣҡͷ̾ϢǶû̫ܿȱ
¾ʤܣһҪλʦɽƣһһֱɽ˫۲£书ٸҲûãԸԴӣһɽҪԿտκ书ףƫƫһɽˣһֱɽϿ޵ףףʦҲȻΪ书ȱ֮ʡ
Ľ̾˿ûж˵ȴ¶ʧ֮ɫ
Ƽˣ°գ˵ʦƤǳ㣬Լʧһ£ȴݲñӡ
Ľɫ仯ŮӿһŮʦãúýѵѵһ
ԣһ̫мŮӸ͡
Ľ¶ЦݣԽջ
һӢ̤ǰһȭʦ㣬ɱţһĸаɣ
¡ü
ӢͦƮƮȻʦǺεһСС̫øʸʦ㶯֣գ
üõĵΪԶʤ㣡
⡭һȻĽĽʾΪ̫ǿǿյʦѡ
һ¸оĽΪףȴɡ
ߵ£
æΣ԰ɣʦ㿴ٶֲ٣
һ˪
ˣæǣʦľǣ
æ˺һȺһ˺飬ϸ첲ȶģûнҿԡ

Ů޼ɵĽЦ
ɫǺ죬ĵȴȻĽ޲ɱ
ҳź鷢ƢŮк޷죬ǲֻаŭйĽ
ĽҪǲͲȳЦһж
ĽҡҡͷιǱȻǲȣ
ãǾͿʼɡ
ʦ㣬ʮ֮ڴŮ
ʮĳɣУ
ŮҡͷԵĽЦ̫̫࣬һӣ
ɨһۣʱЦŮӲЦһųС
ĵͷƽ潣롪
ĽǺιаɡ
ƴǣ˳ִ̳һἲһµǰĽǴ⣬һܲ
ĽؿڶϺ͸ëס
Ľ϶һķ䣬ƽƽ潣Ǳѩɢ̹ǵĺ⡣
˳һĨĽ˺һؿǲ֮壬׽Ū
мһֱ֪ûУͨ¾ܣ֪ĽǸУ̽
ʱһŽⱩǣһ˶ţŹâ俪ֱ͸ĵס
Ľһһ֮캮âһɢĽվţ˺
ɫֱֱ࣬Ľһ
Ľ΢Цȭιã
üĿʣû˽࣬˵ۣûܿղŷʲô
ι󣬺Ŀָͷý
Ľ΢ЦҡͷЦ
´лᣬֽ̣
ĽЦŵͷãȸǣ
˵һȭ˶ͷһף潣ٿһ´ʮԶƮڱϡ
һ־Ŀⲻ磬ĽĿƮȻ뿪顣
ʦ㣬ʤô˼ŵĵɴӡ
ͷţҰˣ
ܰգ˼ӵɴæǲ
鵭ҡͷȷʵԶʤҡ
ⲻܰ˼ҡҡͷüͷһСС̫õĸѧĽѽô
Ҫֵģ
˭ܱȵùʦѽ˼е
˾Ŀź飬һʱ֮ʵԽܣʵΥϣԭΪʦʰ޼ɣû뵽޼Ӯû뵽һоͰ޵еĺʦ㣡
ҡͷʹˣΪʤһ
˼ͷ룬Ȼһİƣʦ㣬ǲĸŴɵĵѽ̫ȥ
鵭ǣǰҹμҵˡ
Ǹμң˼಻ŵҡͷܰμûнеģѧô
и˵ĻԵ죬˰ɣ
ʦ㡪˼ǲ
鵭ʤ˳£شС֣ҪףǰŴɣζ޵УһȣҪСĶÿһˣ˵ز¶ĸ֣޼˭Ƕˣ
ĬȻͷǸղŵһĻ˵Ҳš
ҳ˵佾꣬ǺȥˣΪԼ޵ˣǲǣ
ͷøͼ֣
ڵÿʮһȣ߷ʤʮ죡Ůֿ
Ŀȥε̾
ɨһŮ˼࣬磬ѩңȥ̫á
ȥ̫ãð˼ʱ˷е֪֪˰սŴ򲻹ģ
ȥ̫ͣ񡣡鵭

峿ʱ֣³һƬ֣Ʈȫǡ
ڳͣԵС̯ȺСϷ˵ĺȳѼ̸ЦָһƮ
źȻĸѩŮӣɴӯƮݣ
سŵıʿʵʵÿûҳû֣Ƕ˺һĸŮӣɢƣһƽͷա
ĸŮӽ˳ǣû߼һʮʿɳۣԶԶıÿ
ͷʿִޣжܲģ˦ӽߣײˣַ죬Ӿŵľֱһ㣬ʹ
ʮƥĸŮǰɴȻֹ׷𣬷ϣ˻վ
ʦ㣡һŮƮŮǰϵͷŮӵֱۣЦʦ㣬úÿѽ
Ů³³ɽΪũ׷߸ʿҲһ飬վܽ䱸
鵭ȥ˵ɡ
úãʦ㣬ҵǺ塣³æ˽ܡ
³ɽǺЦιݹ٣̫½Իӭ֮룡
ΪũҲȭ΢Цд˼ֹ
Ůһ࣬䲻飬³Цǻء
鵭³壬ˡ
˻ߣȻΧǵĹƣ̫õˣ̫
Ȼ̫òа·ƽʱҲˣѾηܡ
˺̫ܿã䳡ޱȣȻ졣
ɨһۣٶƣŮȥ档


63 
˴鲻ϲѣ³Ѿ³ɽ˵ˣҲû̫
ôɨһܣ²յʵ
³ɽһЦñչˣιҪ
ͷԭ
³ɽЦе֮
ϸһŮʱüɷȻʲô¡
ɽд輸У֡
⡭⡭³ɽĿɿڴתͷ³ɫƣ֪Ѿͷɵĺ¡
ᣬȴأд书ܱܵģûԵɾд衣
Ǻ飬λͬСɣд书ǻˡ
³ɴ󣺡ʦ㣬򲻹
ͷҲ
³ŵĵɣʦ㣬ǲѽ
鵭һۣ³ƤУ顣
ɱһɱĽأװںεȵǿһֱѰڷ
룬һӵһ˵ĺʦ㾹ȻҲһزɱ磬ˣ
뵽㰵ޣԴӼһֱգ࣬뿴Աģ
ŤͷһŮΪŬǿɾò
˼ཿֲôأԭǸѽ
Ǻǡ³ɽЦͷȷʵǸƽʱ²ɣֻרע
ǻʲôȤζ˼ƲƲ
Ѿɴ˶˼Ʋһ顣
һۣ˼εĵȻඣôãҲӦõģȻǱ
Ǻǣȷʵû˵³ɽͷȻ˵Ҳ˼أϷôƴҲ˼ң
³һûٶ˵Ҳٶ˵ֱӸǣҪԼСԺϢһ¡
³ɽûף³ȥǵСԺ

³һµСԺУŽȥЦеĵʦ㣬û뵽ô׼ԺӺúòһأȴûü
ף̫Ϊ̫ġ
³Цǣʦ㣬ôôѽ
˼ƲƲ죬ûĵܲ޼ɶ˻ĸҲ
³Цʦôô
СԹû˼б
³ҡͷûȹأ֡
˼ûĵߣǲ֪һһʹ˺ʦ㡣
³Ťͷ飬鵭ʦû˵ȷʵһң
ô³ҡҡͷ
֪ĽĽýտ񣬲жѣʦտɲܱȡ
ʦӵһˣտҲ㾫ӢȺʦԶںʦ㽣߲˼С
һܺʦ㣬ǼλʦʦҲûⱾ£޼
ҡͷ¶ġ
˼ƲƲز¶˵μҵӣ
³Цѽλˣ֪μСɣ
绪鵭Ҳλ
³˵Сأ
ɣ˼ྪȵĵòģ绪ҲǸ۸ڶģܿ
òȡˣһۡ
˼ͷĵò
˭֪أվɡ³ҡҡͷҲò˼飬绪书ǿӢԾѡȴƫƫϲòƽƽʵ˷ѽ⡣
ιʶ飬ǳ
˼̾ðɺðɣμСǷǳǸء
³ߵһѽˣһģʲô˭ҲŪף
˼ô˵һͦƵģǲǣ
³æͷǣˣ治֪Сôܵ
ҡҡͷüˣ˷ǣ㲻ǣڲˡ
³˼һۣͷ˵
һλι
ð³æͷЦȥιǣ᲻档
μҺ壬ȰڻЩҺֵλ绪Ҳѷɫһ
ҵŰݷá
˼ҡͷʦ㣬ȥŰݷã׹ǰڵ磿
ü˼æǣҲýЩ
֪ͺá
³˼λʦ̫ãһ뿪֪ûʲô۶ء
æʦ㣬һȥһʰɣһأ˵СƢЩء
һµͷţ
˵ϲҪԼĽιɣιδϲԼڲϲġ
ڶһ磬³뿪̫ãֱȥ˰ҹǣθ绪
ڳǰ³ɽ飬μС³ȴţ绪Ҳһʦġ
³ɽΣҲͲüһ绪̫ôϹϵǺ£绪øҷ
ʱ֣³Ļ³ǣһˣ绪û֣صСԺ
˼æӭȥ
³˼ĵʦ㣬һˡ
μСô˵ģ˼ʡ
³СҲʦ㣬ϧ鲻˵չæ
ѽ˼ͷ޼ͷ治СҪμСæ޼ඣ
һֱ޼òƽƽʵڲۣ绪Ư书ֺãôῴˡ
ţ˵Զﴫҥء
³ͷ٣޼ɺŽأҺɫģҲǿ޼ɵأ
֣˼ҡҡͷúƯ𣿡
³̾ʦ㲻£
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˭˵أ³̾Ϣ绪ľҲ绪Ľ䲻˼ҡ
ʦã鵭
˼æͷŤͷЦʦ㣬μС޼ɻûҪء
ţ֪ˡһۣȥݷá
³ðա
鵭
ܲòȡˣŮʵѵһԼһӢвˣ˵ŮҲ࣬ɽΪľǴŮһʶһ۽磬Ůӵķɲܲһ
³ֻεͷ˼ЦеĵѽҲһλμС㣬ױ
һۣ˼ͷЦʦ㣬ھߺòã
ȥɡ
˼ǼӣԸĵͷ

һλθСԺΧ󷨣үԲãûܴ
СԺ绪СԺ࣬ܲⰻȻ͸ң֮硣
绪СͤĽ
Ľ棬΢һ붨·ľ֣죬绪ƮƮ
ȻڣڵĺҪңҼǲ
Ľ۾üͷĵ飿
ţҶǾ绪
Ľڵһͽ
š绪ͷЦ˵Ϊһΰ
Ľüͷһɣ
ڿӵɣҲռŮӲеļС׺֮á
Լԭ绹ҪͳŮģһŮƹһڣܡ
û취̫ˡ绪ҡҡͷ̾磡
ĽЦ绪Ǹ߰ģˣû뵽Ƴ硣
ѹס˵ŮӣҺһġ绪
ĽЦǾȥɡ
绪ҪСĵ¶⣬˵ϻ۵ġ
ĽЦİɡ
˵ŻһϮС㣬ڵĺι
绪תͷĽĽЦȥǣ˵ڱչأܷġ
Ǻðɡ绪ͷҴҳСͤ뿪СԺǰĴŮ󣬴ŻԼСԺ
˶ǲϲ֮ˣеСͤ󣬺Χͷľţ飬һңӡ
绪¶΢ЦνЦˣڵķ羰ʤٱϧһֱûʶ
ιϾ͹ɡ΢Ц
Щƣвͬ嵭ףƺһУ绪Įùġ
һһһ÷òҲѷﳡ
ļ䣬ʵĽڱչ
ǡ绪ͷ΢Цţһйͻչϲ书ʤһС
Ľ֮̾ҡͷ
绪Цеĵѽ廨ŵģʲôʲôⲻһŷҵ
ԺڲסĻϲ
ģȻŮ֣û̸˵Ҳܿó绪ȷʵĽ
³ЩޣĽѧѽ
绪еһףԼϹġ
⻰˶˿ڷġ
⻰һ䣬˶ʱɴ۾ʹĺҲ΢ӣĿ
绪Ц˵ڽ֣һӾǽһ㣬ʲôһͻᡣ
棿üʡ
绪ҡͷ˵˵ƭңίʵ죬μҲûʲôףò׼
ϲţ֪֮ߣˡͷ
ʶ㲩һԼʶʦųʶ㣬ƽʱһЩ¡
ϧڣ򣬿һԡҡͷ
绪ڱչأܳأν㲻СסգΣ
Ҳáͷ
³üͷ⣬ûλʦû᲻
绪ɨһ³΢Ц³òؼɼ˹ȥ
лν㣡³Ծĵû뵽һۿԼ˼Ȼ
Ľ绪˵Ĵ㣬ŮӵģȻһۿ͸³Ĺǡ
绪İƣ绪㣬Īϣⳤϣϳȥ³һ
ǡӦһת뿪
³ĽĿ绪һһǴСƣʦǲһ仰ܾ̫õ
˵Ż򣬽Ų绪ʱ¶Цݣæסˣ
է䣬ĽһϮƮƮСͤ
΢Цȭιּˡ
ףˡ
Ľڰ֣绪ߣЦιλ뻹벻ء
һۣϲ书
ĽǺЦ
鿴óĽһ󲽣ȻǱչгɣ˽ίʵˡ
ӻͳһݹȥҵĽף˵츳ˣԽ֪֮ʶʶ
ĽЦŽӹЦϲϧ׺Ѽ


64 ս
׷꽣ĽЦð֡
ַףһҳһҳķʮҳܿ췭֮꣬۾룬顣
ýĽ
龲һһһüһü΢̣ͫķŴСһһС
ӹףסˣ
ĽָָԴѾˣιҪʶһ
ٺòס
Ľ֣
䳤һףĽֽӹսָɽḧѩĽý
һԾƮСͤĿյأ漴һӣʱ䣬γһһĺâ˲˲û
أųеĽĿ뽣⽻ӳ
˼ʦ㣬ȷʵ
˵Ŵ˸䣬ܾһĺԼһҲӲסë˿˿ӱӵԡ
û˵ȫĽĽУ̾Ϣԭ׷꽣ģ
ұ֤Ľͷһμ׷ǿһ飬ﵽ򣬹Ȼ֪֮ߡ
ת۹Ľһ飬ԽԽ˵ʱѾȫʧϢΧϵĺȴԽԽʢܾýԼʱ
˼࣬ȥһУ
ҡ˼ʱæĵʦ㣬Ҳɵģ򲻹
鵭Թ֪в㲻һֱȥɣ
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üҡҡͷ˼״֪Υ̵İνʣ漴ҧҧȵҲ
һԾСͤӥĽڿУ̳뽣һһ׺Ľ
УĽЦŰѳһбһָ˼ࡣ
˼״ϲҪӲƴۣһʽޱȣе޶ȷӳʵ
˼෭˸ͷٴա
˼ཿһڿַһͷٴһĽѷڸղš
Ľٴбָһ˼ٴηŷ˳ȥղһޡ
󼸽ĽֻһУ׼ȷг˼Ľ⣬ڿзŵɳȥ
˼֮˶óĽǹأ򣬳ڿУһ̳㲻ġ
ʮ󣬳˼ڿƮ첽һĽ
Ľһһ죬Ĺâɢȥ˼żˡ
Ľ΢Цá
˼ŤͷԼ磬ȴȻܸоӫһʱĿڡ
Ľһޱȣ˼壬Ψг˼ܸоõһԼ硣
绪ˣԼˣ绪ҡͷϧأת
鰵̾һ׷꽣Ͼǿ£һ׽֪ǿεȵز˽ţڰڣͳ£ƥУԼӵһ͸ˣ
Ľ˸΢Ц׸˺顣
˼಻˼Ļصߣʦ㡭
鵭ţܹôУ㲻ͽδ򣡡
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ʱȸϣһÿһﶼˣڣ³ɽΪũһӣԴʦһӡ
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66 ɱ
ĽȥЪЪȻμϵ칦磬䳡ϣ˶ʮŴӣÿʮһˣþƺò˾ܳԡ
˻ЦڰˣΪ̫õĵӣü˷ܻ죬ҪȾƳ⣬Ц
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ܽ˶𣿡³ĵʡ
ĽЦŵͷãô¶ҵĶҲϡ͵òˡ
Ҳ̫̰ģ̫ݶˣ˶³޺޵ĵ
ĽЦһΰô̫ңɱҲ⡣
պô죿³üҡͷܲһֱʦգ
Ľһμҵ˰æ
ν𣿡³ʡ
˾ƣӴҲĽܹ˵һ˵ﻰˣ԰һֱ˵
ĽЦ˵أ
ν۹ء³ҡҡͷ
˵ĽȴûʲôоѻãȴŮ֮о
ؼò̫ƽ̫࣬һоʹ书ǿҲ˼
ĽӣЦ绪˲ͬ˶ö˵ʡʡ
绪ദȴͬչ¶绪𻨣˽벻磬Ǿˡ

ųƣǵɫһѾɢȥˣȻް
лˡ΢ЦڵĽⶾȷʵ顣
Ȼ³Ժĵǵĵҩһء
ĽЦûȥ˰ɣ
ѵôˡ³ԽΡ
ĽȻɫһ䣬ȵСģд̿ͣ
է䣬дŭ³ɽĴ漴˵Ĵȣҳһš
Ľֻۣ֮ƴĹ³ɽΧ˵Ĺᡣ
ȶ˾ƣ˶ֽŲ㣬ҲãҪȴģôΧȴƲǵķ
վǣƷһƬ³ɽѹĿ񹥺ᣬЩȭ䵽ϣɦһ㣬Ρ
Ľоɱ֪ԼȽ˶˳˴׵ĸ
һιˣڿһֽס³ɽһƳӭ˵ĺϻ
飡һ죬ƮƮˣ֮⣬³ǰȥ
³Ͼɫδʣæӹ³ɽĽһӭˣ顱ڶ
˴Χ˹ĽΧڵУĽܵѹ˶ʦ
ﶼɢ˰ɣ
һӦ˺ϻһ߳˵Ŀһת˵ĺȻֹʵ
Ľ͵ȥϢ
һﲻˣǴһǰɣ˴ŵӽе
ĽǶȵòˣ֣ܶȥϢң
һԣ֮˹ԹߣĽʦֵĴ򶷡
ΪũѾָѣ߽һ֮
Ľæٺòְɣ
о˳˿ʩչط񣬲ҪĿ񹥣޲ͬھ


67 
ΪũһǰĽ˺Ȼ΢˫ۣ˫ֽӡ˲һƬӰӣ͡Լһָ
ʩΪӡָΪũ
Ϊũʱٱԭ׹һŤתһ˿·硣
ĽҪǰ³Ϊũ֪Ľʩչǰл
ĽҲǰ˺ϻ֮£ʦֶһۣһը죬˻ΪΧȥ
³Ҫ׷Ľȴڰ֣
³ͷĵĵ̫ˣ
ĽҡͷЦԹǣ뵽ģǵˣûܵóѣҪɣ
Ѿ˯ˣ³ߵ
ĽЦҡҡͷΪũЦȶˣ
ǶƴĹƣܲȶ³ûĵ
ĽЦһֱ˹ţϧûܼס
³ɽ˹ƾƣֽһֱ˹ܲס
³ܵģ޼ɣûģҪô죿
ĽЦһһ˰ҹǣ
ֻܿˡΪũȻ̾Ϣ
ǹȻϲڿȴôãףȴѣҾưոݡ
ĽЦЦзӵģһŪѣɣ
ãһ˵Ϊũͷ
Ľ˵ͷƮƮ뿪̫ãҹصҹǣǽͷǣȻ绪СԺ
绪Ѿ˯ˣһϷһ°׳˯۳
߽СͤĽ£ôˣô
Ľ̫Ѿá
Ŷ绪ĵĵͷУ̫֮䲻СС֣ʵڲֵһᡣ
Ľ³άôڣ
Ŷ绪Բһü룺Դɱˣˣ
Ľҵĸ־ˡ
Դþû𡣡绪ߵҡҡͷɲôģ³
ĽЦһˡ
Ҫٸ֣绪ߵ
ѩһ¾ܿ͸ʣμʵ൱μնԼ֡
³˵ʲôǣû̫ˮõĴ棬ϵҵ
סõĻԷҵĪĴĻҰģ֮˴
ΣǶҪȥһ㾡ȫĽڻɽϣʵڲʲô¡
ĽЦӡ
²绪ҡͷһս
ĽЦϽᾭ
ţûĻ̫ʤ˰ɣ绪
Ľͷв˼
Ҳȥɡ绪
Ľҡҡͷ̾ͬ⣿
Ų绪Цһߵһæúܣɢˣ˺ܶණҪء
Ľһ£ͷȻˣðɣȥ
Щ绪λṷǽʲôɵó绪Լ߷ȫڰҹ̫Σա
绪¶΢ЦȻ绨
ĽǾͳüӦ
š绪ͷ
˵һлȥٴһ֪ʱţȻˡ
ŷֿȻϴ绪ճϣЩǵĸĸ֮ˡ
ǵλȻӼĺֻҪμҵ棬ɣ绪һ𣬼Ҳܲš
Ϸ԰Ҫȴ绪ȳȥ˵书̫ͣﲻʲôæȥ˷׸ʵʵ
ĵģ䲻ʦ飬ʹ򲻹ҲԱ
˰ҹǣ³Ƕȥִ³ǣֱӵá
ʱ壬ֻֻʯ޶ûŵģ˽
Ľüɢһ˥ܾȷʵܸģڵЩͶ̫ãЩ뿪ʣµĲһ룬һˡ
ЩҲݬ룬书Ĳ࣬¶󣬷Ҳһϵˣﶼǰ̡
Ľһ˶䳡
촫ÿһ䣬ʾտĹ绪߶һۣĽΪ̾ˣνǰ;˵һϣʦ
̫õĽͬ䳡רһԺΧǱܣʯʯΣ䳡ڵС
䳡վĽǹվ룬绪ڳߵʯſ
ĽɫĿһһŵ֮ˣǿģʲôںһӵΡ
ĽһԲĿ磬һһˣǻë𣬲ҷʵʵվ
Լһʱ䣬ûһվĽǰĿбӣ˽ֹͣ
ĽԲ˵ֻһһ˿ǱĿһգе˼壬ܡ
绪һԿüѣЩʲôʵһǺѵֿ²㣬࣬ؼʱ򲻵ܰæӣɢˡ
Ľʩչͨˣ̾ϢҡҡͷԴֶҲģЩ˵ûд־ȴмĻ֮⣬ŷԴһʱϣһָܻá
ˣԼҲ⣬ֻεúܺãҪһڷԣ˭Ǯ࣬˭ǲϵġ

Ľȵˣڿʼڲõˣ뿪
⻰һ䣬ʱըѣһ㼱ˣٹ˲Ľ壬ߺǲ
ƾʲô뿪õˣõĹôã䵽³̫˺ˡ
ʲôˣƾʲôġ
˶ƶ࣬ʼǽڳԣйеĽΧ
ĽţһԲǴߺʡ
绪ڵվŭҪ֣ȴһ߳סǣĪϣ
ü԰ףԲԲûһ˿ƣź⣬ĿȺͣ΢ЦҡͷСǹңЩκεӣ
绪Щ˼£Լȷʵ̫ǲߣ޼ʦǾһϣƿ޼ɵҲѡ
Ľǣһ˫ֽӡ³һ֣
һ绪ǿƽƽûʲôĽһ³ԭֵȺһ°Ƿ׷ŤͷߣԹԵ뿪䳡һԡ
ⰲĳ濴绪Ȼ󳬳̫ˡ
ĽҡҡͷŲ˹΢ЦĪϣϣλæһ´ţĪǽ
ǺǣĪЦеվ
һݵߣɫ࣬һ͸һɼ֮ơ
绪üʣղô£
ĽЦǷҵԣ֮Чɰɣ
ڷ費ǳϽᾭ֮Ե书ǿᡣ
绪ҡͷһǻô
ĽЦʱڣǻʵ˰ʱܻعʱӦҪ˵ġ
ʱ绪ҡҡͷаʱʲô¶ܸɳɡ
ʣǶʲô˶Ч
ĽҡͷЦֻסΪҵġ
Ŷ绪ͷһƲ˷ģҪǲȻ˭Ҫģ´ҡ
漴뵽ԼΪҲҲҪԵĿƣ
Ľһ飬µ룬Ц񣬻ָѣҲã书

绪ʣǶǲɢˣһ˹ô죿
ĽЦЦɲó˼·ǻԴ벼һ󷨣ס
󷨵Ļͺð졣绪ͷ
ƣŻòƾΪܽصʯ
Ҫ󣬽ǲɵģȴʱҪסҵķˡ
Ľ׼ʮֱ£Ȼ󷨡
󷨺αĪϳţ绪ʡ
ĽŻǿŵģڽҪǰѴҲסûʲô壬ʶһҵĸ֡
ʲôɼģ绪ƲƲ죬ߵʲôˣȺ֣
ĽЦеĵڣù
˵ģ绪¶Цݡ
˵Ż򣬺Ȼ洫һȣ
ĽһЦ³ˣϢҪݼλСˣ
绪ߵ³ŴֺȴǸթһ
ĽǺЦߣ绪мĺһߵ˴ŴĪ볣ϵſڣסǰ·
վ³ɽǼΪũ³кǶڣ³ɽЩȻĵĪ볣ϡ
ĽЦľƿˣ
³ɽǺЦ־һأһǺݶǵĵ
ĽЦеǽĪ볣Աһãó³ɽĽѡ
Լʦ֣ãʦţǱﰡ
þãһ¾ɳʦ֣ټС㣬һ˴ʦ㹻ѵ̫һˡ
³ɽĽĶʦȻ绪񣺡³С㣡
绪ڰ֣鲻䲻ҡ
³ɽ˼ЦЦСԹ³̯Ӷɣ
㻹֪̯ӣ绪Цǰû³㾫ƣ
³ɽæֺõЦⲻûǾǰһҲԸ˷ң˵ʵҸôʱֻźúʰһ٣ûһ°ˣͱѣûʰֻܳ²ߣٺ٣СĪҪ֣
ĸҼ֣绪ЦбһĽֿԣʲôӣ
³ɽ°ϲԼһĶˣС֣֪
ǺЦΪҪһѹסҵģĪ
绪ĽϲãȴǿѹסߵǾͿıˣҲҪСģβͣ˼׳н
ǣģһСĽ䱸³ɽæͷ
绪ڰ֣ͷһȥ
³ɽǺЦŵĽǰЦڼ磬Сģ򲻹ܣôûˣ
ĽЦǲɢˡ
ţЩĶļһɢҲã³ɽͷЦǺã
ĽûƴǣЦŴӦ˽ȥȥ绪˵Ȼģȴ͸׽
飡һ˵˵ֹŤͷȥĪ볣ϲվһ˫ƣֵĸߵĿ񹥡
ߣ˻죡绪мƲƲ졣
Ľ˫ֽӡԣĪ볣һָƷʱǣһŤתơ
Ľ˫ֽӡԣһһָȥ
ÿһӡԣϱһģ˺·ѹŶ˴򣬿ĸһ
Ľɫ׵ӡ绪üɨһۣⱾģ߻ô֣


68 
Ľſڣ˼
ĸƴĿ񹥣ʽǲϧһдҪĪ볣ϵϽᾭӳ֣ǣ˵ֵˣĬһʱ֮䷴ռϷ硣
ǷҵˣŤͷ绪
绪ҡͷϵãҰĲС
μصĸ֣ȻҴмֵ̣ڹؼʱһЩʤ㡣
Ľü˵ҪҲƴ
ĸʦֵļʽίʵһ㣬ĽЩɣѾ
飡һԶ˶һơ
Ľҡͷк֡
󷨷£һ󣬽Լײ졣
󷨵İڣͬһ㣬ʹᷴ书ʵһ㲻ף󷨶ȴѡ
󷨵ľڡ
飡飡죬˷׷װĿתȥǺ洫
ĽĽЦ˴󷨣ᡣ
Ѿˣ³ɽЦͷҲֻ󷨲ܷסǣ
ΪũЦڣ˴νˣ
³³޼ɶ󷨣̫õ󷨾ġ
ĽȻһţͷһֻ֪ޣһ󷨣ȴ֮ѣΪԹܲǼֻ֮࣬η
󷨵Ҫ󼫸ߣһһ֮ǻ֮ߣԶһء
顭һụ̋Ľҡҡͷ΢Цǽ˵ɡ
˵ǰ·˽˴³ʱŤͷſڣĪ볣ʯŴţĸ߿񹥶ͽ͡
绪ЩһҪһɫƲųɡ
ĽЦȴһ

ڴ£ȥ裬ʩչȼܿտˮϲƮڴ
ĽյᣬЦⷶǸˡ
ƷԻҪ󼫸ߣҴģʶĹ㣬˲û򼫼ѡ
һ˺Ѵﵽ򣬽˲ˣȴ˲費ûһĲúȡ
׼ô죿³ɽ²Ȳʡ
ûŹǣʲô趼һе࣬Ⱦơ
ĽȿɣҵľĶʵڲɣǰýΪá
Ǻò״ģôܻǣ³ɽʱɴ۾
绪бһۣ³ɽʱʵǺЦ˵һǣûǵĺӹ
ĽҡҡͷƴԶһƴǽӲסġ
³ɽĵĵǻμء
Ľ̾μû³Ƿ̫Ŀǰֻô֧Ԯˡ
³ɽɨһ绪ǣεĵҲ֪ôģôõĻܴ
ĽЦЦø࣬ԴΪ˶ӲʹʤҲǲʤ˱ˡ
绪򲻹ˣҽһֻҪ̫ݣҲӦ
μҲӲƴҲˣҪȻҵĳ֮ƴյĽȴǱռ˱ˡ
ʰ˳Уֲμ뷶Ҷ׷ͬھʯ١
·磬Ҫãû棬ҪۣԼ׳ɵĹء
ң³ɽ޺޵ĵ
Ľʵ˼ңֻˡ
³ɽεĵȫˣʵڲɣͷɣŻ̫ã
ĽЦЦãҲûȥˣһ뿪³ǡ
ʲô³ɽɴ۾һ°θߣʲôû㣬ǿɶԸã
ĽЦⲻһ򲻵ѣҾã
Ǿǡ³ɽæͷ̫ÿ벻㣬ǧɵͷ
顭һ촫ʱ˵Ļ
Ľĸʦֹһ³˸ʦҵľĲСš
Ǿһֱ³ĵǴܣ
³ɽɴ۾ѾͷôĿ˸ʦܴˣ
³Ǳǻ࣬ʲô
֪Ѷá³ɽҡͷ
ĽȻüͷһˣˣ
һ뿪˴һµſڣĪϳվһ˫ƣγɺƵŰ˸ȥ
һĸ߹ʦĽۣ֮˲С
һʮʦ֣Ǵ书һۣҪòɣƾˡ
һ󷨣ƻǵ̣˸ʦֺϻγɺƵѹĪϳϾҲֲסˡ
æ绪ĸƮĪϳվһ𣬰Ľ
԰ˣҲ̫ǳĪݣܹһжһǾͻƽˡ
Ľûǰ壬˫ֽӡԣһһˣϽᾭӳ֡
˶ʱһȫס˰˸ߵĿ񹥣ʦֵ񣬳־ǿô˿û֮
ŮһԹƣ⾿ʲôֶΣ̼Ǳûк󻼣
³ɽٺٵιĶϽᾭܹ˹ǣȴûк󻼡
鵭
³ɽǷҵҲ档
磬ޱȶǿ󣬷ޱߣͨѾģֻźйЩͨģǶԶߣܼĶЩûطƽɮˣֻоȰƣûʲôͨ
ͷطѹ֡

Ľļӳ£ĸߵֵסˣ˺˸Ҳʩչط绪ʣµΣ˲绪ˣƮȥֱĽӳط󣬿ס˸񱩵ߡ
԰ˣԼһʱ˸εĳˣûнеĸߣĽҲûΪѣ뿪
ǵ뿪³ɽҲ뿪ˣټֻʣĽ绪ߡ
Ľ뿪󣬿ʼתƣòǰԺӣһԺӺ£һԺǿտ䳡
ԺӺһǳԺ˯ĵطһ£һܴǰǷԴӴںĵӵӴ
һǺ԰԰һ𣬲õҲ£С̨ͤˮɽģȻԺӲȴⰻȻľȻ
Ľһһתƣüͷţǵ绪棺ʲôѽûͷĲӬһ
ĽڷԴңܣĵĻش𣺡ұ
ʲô绪ʱһü£Ľſڿӵģ˵бһб
Ľҡҡͷ֪ʲô˲õı
ô֪б绪
Ľǰɿвһﴳƣ
绪ͷѽɱ
ĽҡͷǲΪңɱңαطҪֻҳȥҸɱʡ
绪㲻ȥɡ
Ľһۣ绪ЦðɺðɣǲΪ㣬Ϊʲô
Ľͷ
㲻֪ʲôôѽ绪ûĵ
ĽЦЦûлشֻҪǱֱԼ˵ŻһһĶ
绪һǲģһûҰɣ
ĽЦǵδأʱķң۵ĵطȫ
绪һΪ˶ôѽ
Ľ룬ͷҰɡ
ͷ۴齣ֿܣհϱߴµһᣬڵϲ˼š
¡һ죬ǽһڣԼһǹſ졣
ĽȽȥ
һȥ绪˷ܵĵסǡ
ĽͷǰͷŶڵĽߣǰһƬڣĽ绪׵ںڰ¡
Լʮףƽ̹ǰһ⣬֮һսǣһչȥǰһĵصԼ׸ߣһĵصǶ˼ʯͷɢӨ⡣
Ľۣ绪ǹʯϡ
ĽͷЩʯԭҹһ㣬ȥ
绪һǣҪʯ׵úܣҸǣϽѽ
ĽЦЦŲܿ˵˵صͷһʯţĽоһûΣգֱŽȥ
ȥһӣƽ̹һǱܣһĸСݣ̽̽ĸӣҡͷʧЦǷˡ
绪ڱһƣǾ棬̧ͷĽôˣ
Ľ֣绪ųѩɭɭȻѵһĺý
һһƹĸӣЦõļҵ׶ˣѹַԴأ
ļʯ⸬һǽƱһЩʯֻԼһЩƷ
һ֪Щ·ȴһӴĲƸʮĻá
ĽЦƲģЩǮƣܶɽûЩˡ
绪ͷ˵书һǮԲСܶʦҲҪΪǮЧ
ʦҲмˣ϶ҪǮǮܹӣҪǮ
Ľ̾ϢһҡҡͷԴû뵽ܵôңЩתƳȥҲֲǵˡ
绪Щˡ
Ľüͷһ
绪ߵʲôѲ͸
ĽЦ˽ٺò
Ǯʹĥܶ鲻书ܽģǮ书ǿ󣬽ٸƶɲ׸ɣЩ̶иֻ֣ЩŴɵĵӣһˣ
ЩŴٳȻҲҪǮάճǮԴһǵǵķ߾ЩȨĹȨĹŴȻûбʾɼӹȥ
绪Ҫغඣ֪ҪȻᣬˣǾΪЩ
Ľһ£ҡҡͷ񡣡
뿪صУĽĿѲ˼ܾñԼֱ
ǲǲڱѽ绪ʡ
ĽҡͷĿڴͷǱϡ
źƽị̄͸һ˿Ȼ⣬ϸ׺ԣǹźÿġ
ͷҵĽǱаõģѹеаɱ˽֣ľӶࡣ
һ֣Ʈ
绪һѽߣЦҿ
˵ŰϽİ˳ʱһڱ伸֡
绪¶Цݣ֪һ䲻ýȴϲ
Ľü⺮̫ʢһЩӰ񣬺Ȼɳ֮Уɭɭɱ⽣ɱ˺ܶˡ
뿪˽ʣȴһ۵ĳƽ潣û潣Ĺ󣬽޹⡣
绪ҡҡͷЩʧЩɻ󣬽˵ǰϸƣ뿴ʲôַ
ĽҲЦеĿţȻɫһ䣬绪ȻһᣬԼĨȥ


69 Ѫ
Ľһæסϸ
ȴûãĽʶѣȻͦĽ
˫ԣƽʱ֣˲ĳˡ
ĽȻ֪˵һ˺˲վһ⡣
绪ȴģ˹һ׺磬ֱĽĿڣޱȡ
ԭͨһȴȻûʮĹ̲ôһֺ׼ֿ졣
ĽָһһĽָֻȻֱϮ뾭ֱҪĿڡ
Ľסһӿ˲γһһĲˣɭɭĿ֮ǰ
һ˽аţһʧԭأſλã˫ֽӡγһƬӰȻԡ
绪ڿն𣬳̣ٴĽ⵽ؿʱӭĽԡ
ͣһϺȣĽ˫΢ԣħ
ҪĽؿ֮ͣסʼɢɭɭƺҪ绪֡
绪ס¶飬Ž⣬𲻶˸ͣ
Ľ˫ֽӡٴοԣ裡
ॡһ죬绪һɣ׹ϣµĽһѷס
ȥͷһ൹Ľ
Ľһַһְģ鴫룬һ֮һ壬о飬Ǿһսƣߣȥ¥ա
绪ʣпĽϣһ
ùһ£뿪Ľɫ糺졣
ĽҲȻʧ뻳þûָоˣɬѵæѽô£
绪һæ⽣̫аˣ𶯣
Ľ;ͣסŤͷ
绪æ
Ľջֱô£
аţܿˡ绪
Ľͷó
ô£绪üµŵŵĳȻ潣ģʵ޻ȴСˡ
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绪˵һϽֻһͷҪѪҪɱˣһŭԼ޲ðµ˶ɱɾˣ
ĽͷȷʵˣԿ
ǧԣ绪æ֣ߵħסһħǿ´ˣ˭Ƶ㣿
ĽЦķרЩҪ
𣬻˵ɡ绪µҡͷ
ĽЦЦȻһ֣굽ϣ绪Ծɴۣŵ
Ľֳֽ󽣾ƺһ⣬˸һʧ
Ľɫ࣬üͷ
û뵽⽣˵ɷʵʣ˫ԴԴӿֱ굽ͷһĿڡ
תھѭݣȴƣЩ谭
ľ֮ûҷ磬Ȼ³һԣอתǱѩˮʱȥһ㡣
Ľ֪ҵ˶ԸķţֽᴥӡϽٴ³һԣʱԶ
绪ֻһεӿ˴ϣɼ˼ǽϡ
Ľһٴνӡϳͬʱ³һԣٴһ¡
ĽͣЪԴԴϵĽӡԣһ³ʮԣͣЪ
绪Ȼ仯ԭʵʧù˿˿
ĽȻһףڿзתĽ˫ֽӡ˲ʮӡȻ³ԣӡеĳһָ
ƺڿжһ£ȻεٴĽŽӡԣӡͬʱһָٴΰѳ
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Ľһʩչ˾Ŵβ֣ͣʱλΣһˮתƮƮ䵽ϡ
ĽӲ԰ֽЦǸ
㲻Ҫɣ绪æʣǰһֱҴȴһֱţ֪ʩչϽᾭľ
Ľҡҡͷһͽס
⵽ô£绪ָϵĳʡ
Ľ̾Ҳ֪⽣ǿɷ֮ǣķķ
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ô绪˼⡣
Ľɱ̫ˣγɵɷʶ⽣ĲҲ졣
𣿡绪ָָĽϵĳ
Ľҡҡͷɡ
㲻ǽ𣿡绪ߵ
ĽҡͷЦֻҽˣһᷴɣ˽̫ףΪ飡
ҲŲأ绪Ӳȴû
Խϲ⽣ˮģʵںòˣս˿ۣ˵ҸǰҲֻ
ĽЦŰѽ͵ǰܵĴǰ˳ס
һԶܸܵϵɭɭ⺮һĺֲͬʵʵĺһʹ
ףȻһȻ⽣֣
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˵ҲѽյԼǰЦʡ
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Ľ԰ѳתתȻת֡
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绪˺ҡͷҲϲ⽣ˣ
ĽЦ˽úҲ
оõ˽ϵɷʵʤԼ
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ƲŷҵľٶҪƴʵȥͻṷǽϢɢȥ
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ĽЦϵشҪǣϣˣȷˡ
ôȷˣ绪ʡ
Ľʣ֪˽
绪ͷȷʵаţᷴ˰ɣ
ĽҡͷȷʵһѱܹƿӦɱ̫£һͨõˣ㹻ɱʦ
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ѪĳִһʶϣʦǾѽĳ֣һȥ˭ѽ˭ʦĹС
㵣ķһᴫȥ绪ѩµĽɫΪ˳
Ľͷǵòһɢȥġ
ô죿绪ʡ
ĽЦȷˣ
绪һҪҥ
ĽǺЦȷˣ˵Ѫزڰ
޼ɣ̫ˣ绪ߵ
ĽЦҲǱƲѵԱ
ߣðɣһɢȥģҪŲųɡ绪
ĽЦЦŲǣϢ˵ѪܳƤи塣
绪ߵ
ŤͷѪߵѽҪպãǲΪһ㱻ˣǿҪ
Ľ书̫ǿвһʧأ治֪˭ƵסΣ̫
ĽͷЦá
ѽʣȻϵ䣬Ц˽ʱ㲻Ҫ
ҿţǰȥΪãݺ绪ҡҡͷ
Ľ˽дأ˿ϧ
˵㡣绪һۣ뿪ӣĽԼӡ
ĽûԺסԱԺһ䣬ԭЩĵǵľӴԴǱ߲Զ
ҡҡͷⷶԴ³ɽһأ³ɽӣڵǵһ޶ûʲôŴ
ƽʱԷҲһƽһһڵǴһƬһڵܲЧ
۶ôѵʱ̫õʿһֱ߰û֮

ʱ󣬴ŴҺȴЩõĵ֣ǲ֪ô߳ãȻعԭҪ˽õĶһûóøֿտա
ܸģĽ£˶ڣ׳Ǿһ֡
Ī볣Ȼǣ£һԲȴڴǰֻҪˣ㶪ȥ
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˿绪ٴ¿Ҫ绪ЦһĿӹˣĪϣϣǰֱӴ˹ȣ
Ī볣æͷǣС㣡
绪бˣߵһȺں֮ڣѹˣҹԶԶģÿȺҷϣ
ŮǴǲޣŭ
һĪ磬һѳסǻ꣬һն£ꡱһ죬ҽŷɵɿ⣬顱أŴȲҽŷ
Ī볣ɫ糣绪һü˺ܳĪϺβûѨ
ĪϵɱȻѨ
绪ɨˣһŤ뿪ˣðǸĺ˶ǲã
Ǻܿͨˣûضǲˣ뿪Ϊϼһɱ֡
׷ŹĽܿһˣȴ̫λ˹һʮˡ
֮һ¾ÿ춼䳡ĽʱָǼС
ϲҲ˹һֱĽ̵书ͻͽֵǿ
ûϮţһɥʧģãĽѵõ˰ӡ
˲ʱ绪һ𣬻߳ȥ֣дѧΪ
ĽǱоѪ
ѪŴأĽҪ⿪֪Ϊ񣬽һѣЧ
ϵĹŽúܣȴûУ⽣һŴܣҪ⿪
ÿҪʮϽᾭӳִ˽ҽʩչ֮뻯ȥϵɷ
ϽᾭҲĪһŷãȷʵЧ
ĽʩչϽᾭĴޣûһԴԴľ񲹳䣬ʩչһΣȴʩչʮΡ
߾ȫʩչϽᾭʩչˣڶʩչʱܶʩչһλΣϵͻƼޣҲԽԽʢ
ÿʩչϽᾭὫ뽣УӴҵľһǶ񣬵ڶܸʩչϽᾭǴ˷£ô˽İء
º󣬵һʩչʮϽᾭȻʱϲѪİ


70 Ȫ
峿ʱ֣䳡ϣʮû³ɽһԽǻЩϰߡ
õˣ̫û˹ϵ֪᲻Ϊ̫õĵˡ
޳ķ˵һң˭ܶ϶䣬Ҳһܣ
ֵܿһᷢοÿڣ³ֻôÿڣ۷ɰѾʧһɽݶġ
Щ뷨ֻһ룬Ҵùͷ˵ڣֿԡ
Ľʩչܣ˵˼ۻ𣬲ȴ˵Իģ뷨ҲΪ档
䳡ϣ˵ĵͷ´һƷʽܼ򵥣ʽѡ
ÿ˳һʽͬʱʩչĸ˵Եֵϰ˸ˡ
ÿ˻վλ벽Ľеõʾ书һ塣
ܼѣѾȴûܳɹɣȸԣڿǿ
ÿһУλվţʱʽҲγһת
ĸƷ粻ͬÿһƸͬͬվλãγһ΢С󷨣ر仯ԿƷʵ֡
һԣпɣƷ˴ϵĬԽԽǿԶһĺϻܱȡ
һڳƣ²մأƮƮеͬʱƣӿ죬Ʒγһպϵ򣬴һ
ĽȻһһ˵У˫Ʒɹˣ˿ңӦսƮƮֹͬʱƣĽС
ĽƷҡҡͷ̫̫ǵ̫ò̿࣡
ҧԽԽ죬󷨻£˶ûʲô£һͳɣһֱƣȻǰϵ£ȴԱ˱ͣʵڲ
ǸԹԼı仯ƽʱ˿д裬Ա˱ȣһأʵǿһࡣ
̫ϣԭĻǴĻƾԼʮԴùһʮˡ
ΪһƷǿ̿úܣ޲лܻȥ˸ǰҫһ
ҪҪ̫ãΪõˣη绢ԼȱУ۹ⶼͬ
ڿԼı仯ڵǣ

Թ緹ĽоѪİأȴ绪סһѩϰѩļƺմ糾ǲʳ˼̻ӡ
ˣҳȥߣ
ĽΪѵѪ԰Σʵ̫ˣһֱȷϡ
һ쵽췢ùˣ绪ߵ
Ľ̾˿ƣֻ֪ܾܾǿͷ³ȥϷҵˡ
ôãͷˣͱºҵˡ绪
ĽҡͷǵδأҾŹõģʹܷŹãҲŹѪѾɢȥ˰ɣ
ţѾ඼֪ˡ绪ͷҡͷЧһ㣬ûʲôӦƺš
ĽЦϣ֪ѪĿܲɣ
ţֻǴôһѽ֪ģǲࡣ绪ͷ
ڼһϼôһţΪ̫죬Լǵסδ֪
Ľ֪ĶǴܲ˵Ѿͷöء
ǵδأѪҲ£ûн绪ҡҡͷѪвڶϣĿɲ࣬һңһңûˡ
ĽüҲ̫ףΪζֻң
绪룬Ҳغһܣ֪ļ٣ҲֻԼ˵
ʲôܣĽȻ
绪ҡҡͷ̾Ϲʱˣ巢ʲôҲף˼ɱˣֻȼ׽ϧ˺ɣսû䣬ȭŹ򡣡
Ľüͷҡҡͷ
绪㻹Ǳˣûʲôǰ;ģ˺Ʋ
ĽЦЦǵδء
Ѫһ˿ɾͱ¶ˣ绪ߵ֪Ĵ㣬Ѫƿ̫ۡ
ĽЦġ
ѪƿԽƿӦûʲô˿ֻΪʹ֮Ϊ
ΪǼˣܹƿ󲿷ʦĻѪƽĽûʲô
ʩչȴͬѪƿ֮֮ϧ޷
ðɺðɣǳȥһɣ绪ڰ̸֣Ѫˣ﷢ë
ĽδӦ˸ŵߴ˸кȻãŴȸֶȥ
̫ÿ²֪̫ñʲôģ̫һҶӦ仯
Ľòƽƽ绪һϮѩ˰һΪгȴּۡ
ŮĽʵ绪пƫģһòǶ绪֮࣬ɨĽ޲ȡ֮
Ľ۹ϰΪ˶ǰͻ˵ĺޣµ˶Լģ˵ıԡ
Ŵ֣ʱС̯ǰͣפʱҹգȥСƷ绪ԾµСƷΪϲ
ĽĸţûĪǸǰֻˣƽһ㡣
Ȼߵ̤̫ͨõƽ֡
ƽȸֻһֻ֣ҪһСӣߺģȸô֡
̤ϲƽ֣ߵ;ĽȻü
ôˣ绪ɫ졣
Ľ̾һǳˡ
˸ˣ绪ɫһ
ĽҡҡͷǲǣǶ̫ö֡
绪޳üһ£ôԸ̫ˣ
Ľ̾ǿѿеĹͷʰ̫Ҳһһи׳н
һרעоѪİأǺߣ̫к벻д󰭡
Ķ绪ߵ
ĽָָܵլԺҡͷ඼ˣҺôֱʡ
ô죿绪
Ľҡҡͷû취
ЩӦլӵˣ̫˵ǰɣȴܲŭٸֵĻǿ鷳
绪üһҡͷҲ̫СˣôΧ
ĽЦ̫ø̫ǳ³ֿ󷽣ûʲôǮؼ̫ߣ𡣡
绪ߵǿǵıˣǲˣ
ĽЦЦһкã
绪бߵͲÿ³ǵЦɣ
ĽüͷһҡҡͷС֮ĸ֮³ɲǳصģС
˭С绪־ȥŤ첲
Ľæȥ绪һֱ׷˺ܿ뿪̫ãԽԽԶ
Ľ鷳ҼȻڶԸ̫ã̫Ǳû˴ţȻаգ̫ǲǷΪ
˴֣ܿӶ߳ųȥ绪ʹӣҪ׷ɣĽʩչҶ
˶һӣӱйȥӿɣ̲ݣȻ֡
˵˺ӱͣ£Ľ׷ϣݺŤһ¸첲Ťֱ죬绪Ц
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ĽЦء
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ѽ绪ü
ĽͷĿ͸Ц⣬ƺҫֵÿ佱绪ûĵģ
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绪ûĵ£ܺԼ¾ͳˣ
˵һվŤͷҪߡ
Ľæˣ
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ĽüòӢΨһȱ͸Űḡʱȴ˫۷ŹĶ绪
Ŀƣƺ뿴͸绪һ㣬绪ΪУüߵĸ
ȪЦιȱȭ棬ƵĿ⣬ᡣ
绪üȪȵӣ
Цͷ˦ҡȻ֡
绪ڰ֣ߵˣ԰ˣ֪Ȫ˲ʲô£
ֻʶһѣ׻˵⿿ѣҳҪʶһӢգЦ΢΢Ц
绪͵ЦһбˣҲʶ㣬ÿ
Цҡҡͷ̾ϢһιɣǺãҾι
˵һĽǰһ㣬ἲƮݣֱĽĿڣȴɱȻ
ȻĽ绪ĹϵҪɱȡ֮
ĽüĪȪȵû˵绪飬Ȼһɡ
Ʈһţ
Ц˵һٴοһȵȸղŸ˼֡
û뵽òƽƽĽΪӲǸСֶѣȴ
Ľҡҡͷһӡ
飡ײЦʱɳȥ
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ԭز¶úãҪһӢۣЦ˸
Ľ֪֮
СӿУЦʱȻɫ䣬һΪһ׹Ľ
飡һ죬ĽվţЦȴƮƮˣںл˫ƣƺܴսסΡ
飡ĽüһͳȥЦ죬ȴĽһݲܣֻܱơ
ת۹ԹʮƣЦɫǺ죬Ľȴô¾ͳҰʵڶȪȵ棡
˭Цȵ
Ľҡͷعʮң
Цȵ֮ܣձص𣡡
է䣬͵һܹĽƣһ˴ӣʧں档
Ľҡҡͷǲ֪ν
绪ȴŴӣߵǴ鷳
ĽüͷȪȺ
ȴѲ绪ҡҡͷ̾Ȫȵ˲ģһֱ㣡
ĽЦ֣֮
ǲҪ˵ջˮˣ绪ûĵ
ĽӣЦ֪֣һֱΪǷҵˣûᡣ
绪ߵ̰ɫ֮ͽ
Ľ˵˵ȪȰɣǻΣ
϶ģ绪
ĽüǶ񼣶಻ࣿ
аˣȪȿɲǷң绪һۣߵʵȰڻǿһ
Ľ̾˿֣֮Īôһˡ


71 ɱ
绪Ȫƽʱɽ¶ˮȴʵ˵ԶŴһС˼ǲܵġ
ĽЦܲ־͸ɣ
绪һ£úνæɣڵӴ󡣡
Ľ̾ʵڲǷ顣
ǷڵģǷνģ˿䵭ĳȴãˣ绪
ĽͷʵЩڣʰڿûȴҪڵ
̧ͷ죬ƣϴ
ԼʹǿҲҪǿΪ֧ţǳɲģԼһԾɴʦ
ʦ󣬵֮Ҫһʦ
Ťͷȥ
һ¶˾ģǸ磬ԣҪµһ磬ҲҪµһȻɽ֮ϣ
Ʒӿȥ绪ܵǿҵ߸ȾԣΪһֻʨӣվƶˡ
Ľ̥ǣȻһ¡
֮һֱǻȥûб뷨ֻȥŮ޴־
һٴˣĸ磬ûоûаµʵԶûɣ
صԭ磬ֱ磬ٴݻȥȥȥ˿ơ
ΣһҪΪʦ
˫绪ȥڣ
ȥڣ绪Ȼݵɽţ
Ľͷ
绪룬⵹Ǹ⣬ͽϣЩˡ
ĽüڲǲӴͶʦ𣿡
ô˵绪ҡҡͷߵ˵ƯͬʣһѡСġ
ĽЦЦһԡ
绪ͷðȥ԰ɣܰݵڣ˵Ϊʦأ
Ľ¶Цݣʦִ

ʱ֣˲ŻصãһãֱӰϲֻݸһţԸԽ³ɽ
˼ɫ֣أȻͷת뿪ˡ
ҹɫܿӿƳϣ³һƬƹУ³ҹӵ֣ҹкܲʢ
Ľ绪ԹһϽֹҹУܿȫȺУҵõ
Ľ绪˺ϸһˣϴŻЦ
һֱ䵽ҹͣЪȸߣҪȥ̫ã绪мֲԸôȥʲôѽȥɡ
Ľҡҡͷ绪˼Ҷ˯ˣȥ˭ǷҲ˯ˣûҪʲô
Ľ˵ֻƽȥһ̤ϲƽ֣Ȼ¡һ죬ضɽҡ
ף绪һ£ץסĽ첲ܡ
ǵһ㣬ִ¡¡죬ζ绪򶨣ֵĴΧ
ǰɣ绪Ȼһָ̫÷
Ľ̾˿Ȼˣ
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˵ʩչṦΪһ̣һգ۹򿿽̫ãʮɣȴҿˣֻʯͷҹ£ҽ̫
䡭У̫óһʯ£ܵأ޴ı
Щʯͷÿ鶼̴СŸģϣʹʦҲԲҽʵԱ
ݻԵĴսãõ绪ĵ׷
һ̫ˣҪ㹥θθҲûá
Ľվԭز绪æҡҡ첲ô죿
ȵȿɡĽ޶ԡ
绪ٲסǣ̫Ϊƽˣ
Ľҿ˵
㡭绪ȻӦǲʲôˣ
ĽҡҡͷЦ²ؼ߸߹ǿϷǣ
绪ƣһʲô֣Ľһƶ飬գֻЦеĿţҲ˲졣

Լһӣ¡ͣЪҹɫӿһȺˣԼжʮʯͷ̫ãϢ糱ˮӿȥ
Ľ绪ͷһһӣĸΧĽ绪档
üһ֣ĸǺˣϣĽˡ
Ƿˣ绪ü
Ľʦ𣿡
˸绪
ĽҡҡͷŸһڲԼ
ߣ绪ƲƲ죺Ƿˣ
һòŸʦһγ֣ҲֻзεĲųɡ
ǹȥɣĽ
αǸ켸֣һ̫ãֻ̫ǧٿףʵǲҲ̶á
ûʲôԱֻʯͷˣĽƮһӣӵݶѾʧϡã¶ǹ⣬һһʯͷһ
ټ̫ãÿӶˣɼ˶ʯͷһʯͷ޿ӣӶҳ
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³ɽɣ
Ľǡ
³ɽ˳ǺΪũˣ³кҲڣɫš
༸죬ȴڣǶ˱𴦣ĽҲǳͽˣòȺ֮˸ҪʦֶԸ
ĽȲ˵ģϱһӲ̣ʩչϽᾭ׼ɡ
³ɽѸлĻȥŤͷ飺ιҵطЪһЪʰһ
һϮѩһȾʱȴһ㺮˪³ǲſ֡
⡭³ɽһ£ǳ̫õģزҵڵġ
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һǰ֪ˣ˵صһʯͷ꣬ģʵ̫ǻûԹôĿй
ǾͶлιˣ³ɽ°ϲȴװһΪ飬³˷ۡ
кǿνһʧ⼸˶ʦ֣Ǿͨɱó
Ľ˫ֽӡ˫γһƬӰӣһʮӡֹˣһܽʮϽᾭǿ֡
ѾվһΣ䲻֪ΪΣ³ɽ˵ˣû˵
ĽԣӡһָǶپ˴˶һۣûж˵
Ľһӡһӡļӳ֣ǸоԽ죬Ǹܵ˱ǵƾӣԼǱǽ˵һ㣬ίʵԡ
Ľӡٶ죬һգ۹ʩչϽᾭʱȺѾ˽䳡嵽һԺӡ
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ۼԼཨ̫ñٳĳƽأͷڵѪתΪŭɱ޲һȭǶƬ
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ʩչϽᾭʹŭ죬ûڸǣͷԽ
˶ʱսһ̫˸ͻɽ˿ûб֮񣬳Ⱥ
ԭΪʹˮǱû뵽̫˺Ǳ׼㡣
ǲɵ뵽һʣڼ飡

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Ľ΢ЦͷĿһֱ׷һꡣ
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㲻ȥæ绪ߵҡҡͷ³ûʶΣأɱù񫡣
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Ȼ׼Ҫ³ɽʦϹ쵶ն飬
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ĽϽᾭӳֵҲȴǰǿ࣬³ɽĽһ㡣
ʦһȺжģĽѷһ³ɽǺ߶ƴģȡʯٵ
ĽЦһ£Цδ䣬ͷȻѣٿһµ³ɽƮƮһ¡
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Ťͷȥʱס
飡ĽĴָңͷӭϣ˸ԶһУмʯͷ׷ը
˱֮𶯣ĽǰĴָһһָͷͣĺˡ
ߣһߺȻƣӿĽײȥ
Ļ̌𣬴Ĵָһ顱һ죬͵Ϯߺ˼ɫǺ졣
ĽΪԴϽᾭ󣬾ٶһֱʦϣ֪Զ

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ٴƴɱһʱ֮佺һѷ£˵ΪĽ
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ת۵Ĺʦȥˡ
ߣͷ˳һ췢һХХףĽȴһնݳ³ɱɣ
һХһطХУѪĵ޷ûò
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ϧطĽϽᾭӳֵУһط
ɱ˼ŮУⱩǣһӵҪǰ㵽صƾǵΪʯͷºҴ档
ŵĴʯͷ֪εĺݶǳǣɱһﲻƽͷ֮
Ľϻͷ꣬һХ󣬾ӣ˫۾â䣬Խۻ룬ѹĽһͷ
Ľֱʩչ˴ռϷ磬ָ֮£ϵĺˣһȻڻͷһ̳Ϣ
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һ³ɽһ󣬽һ̳νȻƮȥн˫۹âȥҪŤͷתһʱѾȻȥ
ȣһһ󣬽һԶݣ˲乤Ѿɱˡ
ĽúɭɭΪӵһˣȻ鴫ǰС
ת۹һѣѷȴǰµ֣ڽ֮ǿֶ֮ɼһ㡣
绪Ȼѣ֪û뵽ԶʤΪ
ŤͷһĽ֪ĽĻ˭ʤһ


72 
˿Ŀⶼ͸졣
ɨһ۵ŵĺǣ齣ʣȻ
ĽЦιý
鵭Ц
Ľ̾˽ڹȻǰڣ
Ľ亱УҲȴҲøˣ˲ɱ
ɴ˿ɼĽ٣ȴѷԭ磬Լûʲôɽġ
տκǽûҰˣǰڵĽѡ
ڰһսУĸ߱Լʩչûǵ
ܹŴö˥ʵѣǿʳƵ磬ɢȥ
˼࿩Цһʦ㣬ҪȻʦҲ֣
³ʧˡ
³ɽæ֣ǺЦιﻰιְæǸмء
ףתͷлˡ
ĽŹʱǡڵ³ɽţЦĽƲ⡣
˼൱ʱΪȻЦȡЦĽ䣬˵̫С΢ˣҲΪ
ΪڵȻƲϷҵģΪ³ҲƲ̫ãҲ
³ɽΪũȴ֣صҡͷ˳˼Ļ˵Ųߣſڿӣǵó˼Ĳʹ죬ʼǵĽͷϡ
³ɽΪũ԰ڿǹúܣٻᷴǵĻ²̨
ӣһҹ㵽˵ص˼һֱţ˵ĽСʲôµġ
ȳʵҹǾľ죬ȻǵѣǷ

ĽЦιﲻˣҲֻҲ¡
鵭һۣٶ˵Ǿ֮ûصƾṦҲʯ꣬ڵصͬʱйǳʦɱС
ν㣬ȥðɣҪؽඡ绪¶һ˿Ц⡣
³ɽæͷǾǣιﻹȥסһӣǺָܻܿ
ν˶һٶˣǿ׳輸칦ѡ
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³ɽһæιαôߣдܣ
Ѿסôãûȥˡ
绪ν㣬һȥ˵ա
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ⲻһܹҪϣҲҪǿᣬһʦ
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룬ҪѰʦһҪʦУһû⴫ߣʹţҲжطʦó
䴫֮ˣ˸򲻿ƣʹǿд򿪣Ҳȥߣܴ򿪽ƣ˵ΪȽ֮˸ǿҲֵޣֵôɡ
ʦ֮ϡ٣ʦٵö࣬ʦȴʦҲʦɲס

صãصʱ鿪ڣø˵Ȫȵ¡
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Ľһۺ飬Цɺιô
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Ȼһ̧ͷ޼ɣȥ˵˵ܲܰ絽һλʦ£
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лιˡĽЦ
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ҪǿΪµһȪȾͳΪԼĥʯֻɱвܸĽ
Ȫȵ书һҪСġ
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ҡҡͷҼʶ֪ķǣ˿ƣ˿ʱԽԽǲսپá
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⼸ɽ϶վżֻޣӵеԭϵͻеʨӣϡ
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½ʮĿ뿪ҡҡͷмúܣתͷߵ޼ɣŰɣˣ
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73 
Ľӭϣ顱һ죬˸һ½ʮɫΪֲ˴󵨣
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Ľĸоˮһ㣬ΧԽԽʩչͬһУҪķѸ
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Ԯ֮ӡʵڲˣֻұ˰æˣȪȵӹ󣬲Ҳˡ

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绪ߵš
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⵹Ҳǡͷ
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绪ߣСͤ

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½ʮĽҲûֻ˵ŮſͣԼҵǹϵ
½ʮҡͷ̾Ľ˵޼ίʵº۹⣬ϧȪȣǰ;
Źûж˵Ĭ˵һ㣬ת⣬˵һЩš
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76 
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ת۹һ˱˴룬Ļָѣ˼뿪սţתͷ׷ȥ
ٸ֣ƽһĽߣǹȥСĵʦҪϿ
Ľͷ˹ȥһһɵ㴫Ƕˣǽӵ
ĽϸһٸζӯԲۣӣСںޣź޲ȥҧһڡ
ӯӯ΢ЦۺĴĽλʦܰɣ㶮
Ľȭ΢Цʦ㣬ͨ
ããѵὣȱ֣áʦͷȻЦʦĵմӣɲҪʦһ
ָȺָһ¡
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ĽͷҪ𣿡
ƳһȦɡƽҡͷɳǴʱݲøϡ
Ľá
ƽվһһһòƽƽ꣬˫űϢ
ɳʦܡƽĽܡ
ɳĽͷûж˵Ľ΢ЦӦ洫һȣɱ
ɱĽһҲȣ漴ʮΧƷͬʱĽ
Ľľһ͡һ²ӿʱƣγԵķ磬½ǡ
ĽǷڶУһȰǰһԶһ̴ơ
ΪӢδȲҽУĽνڶ֣ͬʽͬѸݡ
ƺһƣȴĵҪ˻ˣĽֵñˡ
Ľٴ̣˵Ƹн˶ԴĽƮһ󣬽˼ģǷӦһʧһ֡
˰׻˵Ȧӣ˶ԷȺȺɫÿһΣԴ̴һƣա
ˣľǵĻﲻǹ룬ľǴ´ġ
ʱ˵Ļֽһ㣬ֽһƣ谭
ȰĽǰδ

յ۵ĹĽѾʮƣƮˣصԭλá
ýˣתΪأʮȭƷ빥ȴãֻһʱɢ
ʦҡҡͷȻЦͣ°ɡ
˴ĿⶼĽϣЩĲɣҲûɱۣһʦĻͣ֡
ĽսƽǺЦüһʦܣ˴һ㽣ǡ
ʦЦʦܺý
Ľȭ΢ЦãλʦֶԲסˡ
ʦڰ֣ȻЦһƤ֮ûʲôˣͲҪˣʦɣ
ĽŤͷƽƽʹ˸ɫʾĵĸȥ
Ľ˱ȭʦǰʦ´ۣȻýʦɡ
תǰߣĽϣ˼ʦͣ£Ťͷѽ
ĽεĿУߡ
ʦʣʦܽλʦ
ĽҡҡͷʦѾȥûиš
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Ľͷ߶ķ̫
ʦ̾˵زѾãʦܣǶԸɳˣЩɳúܣ𲻾ˣ
Ľʦ㣬ǡ
ȥסʦЦǿϿĵÿ˶һСԺһõġ
ĽЦЦǾͶлʦˡ
ʦȻЦлңƾ汾µõģ˵ʵɣСԺҲǷֵȼģСͬһƷ֣СԺҲá
Ц԰ΣĽ˴̬ȣ֪ʵǶ̵õ壬á
ܿͷɽλãԱï֣ܵĶмһԺ䡣
ԺʵڲСĽ֮۴ңк԰
Ľüͷû뵽ﻹл԰¡
ɽķ羰Ĳݣде޴ڵʻﻨ԰ĻĻͬоһ
ʦܣⲻ⡣ʦƿԺţ֨һ죬ȥЦӯӯĵ
Ľ̾ܺá
û˵ãǲˬʦһۡ
ĽЦоá
ʦЦţõԺ֮һˣЩʦĵӣҪ󷨵ģò
Ľǡ
ʦȻЦһһѾʲôҪֱӷԸͳɣΪϿĵӣؼľǶɱɳֻҪɱɳʲô˵
ĽͷʦİƣһСѾƮʦ㡣
ʦ΢Ц޼ʦܣʦĵմӣ͸ʦܵӡ
ǡͷĽһ
Ľȭʦˡ
ʦӣɲʦ㡣
ĽͷЦЦʦЦϾ֮㲦£Ϊڵӣò
ʦٿĳѾǾ۸֪ˣɲ
ĽЦŵͷҡ
ʦһۣǵ˼˭֪Ҷ⣬ʦҲ㲻ã
ĽЦʦˣ
ԸʵúЪһЪɣʲôľ¶Ȼ΢Ц
Ľҡͷ˶էˮʵϲŭ޳ʵͷۣǶԶһΪ
뿪ĽתתլӣΪ⡣

ʱ֣ĽˬѾһŰϰ˷ˣֻסˣʧ
޺ߣ֣Է´һЩ
ĽӦһ£޺һۣͷ˵СӸҳ
ĽЦ˵ˣ
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ĽǣҴСǷ뽣ʦȥɽǣҹμңſʼ֡
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Ľҡͷ˵ְ֪ǰĴó˵һ飬޺ͷǸʧˣ½֮ڣЩԨԴˣ˵Ľ
Ľϴ״
ӦһѺýĽΣ޺ʡ
Ľһѱ
޺Ǿͺã˽Ҳͷˣ֮ҪȥѲߣѾźˣƽһȥ
Ľͷ޺ҪˣͷһγѲּ࣬ܶõĶͷһѲУΪɳ·
Ľͷʾ֪
޺ɳ·ƽú˵˵Ҳеǻģɳ·һԡ
ֵɱɳǾǶǿϿĹףⶫôúܣ泾ǮһԸȡô书ķҩؼֻһմӣҪҵ²þľ̫٣ҲԷڣҲû⣡
ĽͷʦģһŬɱ
ãֻҪľУؼ󷨡˵ŻӻͳһСӵݵĽǰ㿴ܼǶ١
ĽʦѾס
Ѿ˵ˣ˵ţǵֻǵһúܣ޺
Ľüͷһһ
֪ɣ޺ЦҡͷһҪӣһ˼˵һ㣬ԽԽǿҲѼԦ
ʦסˣĽʡ
޺ͷ㡣
ǵڶ㣿Ľʡ
޺ͷţȰѵڶסඣٴ󷨣һ֣һˮĥ򣬲ܼ


77 
Ľͷûȥ뻳УųԷ
޺ЦЦܳס֮룬򾲲Ĳ򲻶ۡ
޺ֵҵһѧϣ书㲻øѧʲôҿܲ˰æ
Ľû󼸲㡣
޺ҡҡͷû
Ľֵзķ
ûзķ޺ҡͷȻķ
ĽϽᾭˣ޺ɴ۾Ծĵ
Ľ˵ֱʩչӡԣһһϽᾭʩչһ޺ᡣ
޺һֱӣƢ꣬һ˲ϲױðĽȴϲعĶǣ峺һۿɼ
޺һ̾СӣҹĿ࿴ţɵ£һ
ĽЦеģǽĿ佱Цˡ
޺üһأϹǼһô˵Ҳֺ
ĽЦʦʲô书
ǻشǿϿû˱ȵϡ޺Ȼ۾һ벻ѧ
Ľҡҡͷ˰ɡ
ھѾ˲٣κһŶԴﵽҿ޺ӣѧҪǷ²С顣
޺ţѧҲãϽᾭӣشܾȱˣȲԼ
Ľʦ֪Ϊʦ
ǺǣСҰĲСۣʶˣγΪʦҵЩо޺Це˵յͽܼ⡣
Ľһ˫
޺ʦʵ治ģ֮ͣԵһ㲻٣˵֪ɣ
Ľͷԭмƣҵľ˵˴ͨ
޺ʦһؼʶɣʶʶǿγɣĸʮ»̥һ
Ľ˼ͷⷽ˼࣬һֱڿİ
ǿᣬڹ΢Զǳ˿ɼ
ף޺⻳ɵʡ
Ľͷʶʲô˶γɵİɣǲҪһӣ
ã޺⸧̾˫۷Ź⡣
˼֮ĵãһ˵Ǿһеľ֮ԣֻᣬĸмį
û뵽һ˵ͽһµƹؼȻˣ
޺ͷȷʵҪһӣûӣԶβʶ
Ľüʦ֪ӣ
޺ҡҡͷ̾ϢһĵİڣܴʦԼҲĪ˵
Ľ磬ⲽ˼
߳һԺʮǧͷ˼ɹһţһͷԺ
˶ʮȻͣסһ
޺ⲻĽ֪У״̬˵ܹء
Ľתʦļԣ
ҵķ޺
Ľǣ˵˽зԣνʦ᲻һԣ
޺ţ˼Ƭ̣ҡҡͷ治ĴʦûзŸɮ
ĽüͷһûзŸɮ
ţûзŸɮ޺ͷ
ĽĬȻ˿Լ뷨ƫˣļԵĻŸɮõ
޺ڰ֣ˣԷպٺúɣֻ뵽һ㣬޷֮ա
Ľ뵽һѾѵã
޺Цеĵʦ̫أﶼģͷһݣѵף
˵һлһƵĳԷ޺⽫ϿһЩϸϸ
Ľ书ߣֻҪΥŹ棬վ˽ŸֻҪСıסպĵ
ĽϸţϿŹɭϣΥˣʹǵҲⷣκһ˶ûȨ
Ͽ촦ûţ½ĵͬȫ͸޷˽
ԹĽصԼСԺо

򿪲ӷ飬ȻվУһһ룬ԴϽᾭٴǿԶǵɱȡ
һûʲôͬӣȴѵö࣬ס֮һһۣٴʧûйվǲסġ
˵ڶ峿ȫסȥݼ޺⡣
Сӣ˵ȫסˣ޺һϥϣɴ۾
Ľͷǣʦ
ԡ޺ϼ⶯˶Щ졣
ͷǺã󷨣Ųһ¡
˵һУϴµɳī䵽ǰ޺סϺʣؼ߼£ȻݸĽ
Ľֽӹһƣ滭ͼǸĽΣĸǸż򵥡
áĽͷ
޺ⶢƷ֮Ҳ֪˰ɣû
ĽͷЦзʡ
Ƿʲɣٸһ֧޺ڰ֣һУǽڵĳϷɳһСӣƮǰ
޺ְСӽסִ򿪣һ֧īɫëʣʸ˱̣һƣʼѩ覣ѩ
֧ȥԡ޺ݹȥһָӣ滹мŻơ
Ľ¶Цݣܸо֧ʵĲӯӯһŻ棬ʢ
Ļ֮ҲͬҪķҴ㡣޺
˵ŵ˵˼ھĽһסһʣ޺һһ
޺ĵͷƶֻҪϺõ񣬷ܲס֮ҲУν͸ֽʲôҪ͸ʯܾ΢òųɡ
Ľͷ޺ƶɲ׵£ҪõѵûиĹȥúһһһЩʯȥ
ǣлʦĽͷ
޺󷨼ãܲһ󷨣ѾѵãԻӣ󷨲̫һһģ
ĽͷӦ޺Ľıʣƿµŵһֽóһ龧ӨİȻִת˼£磬ֽݸĽ
Ľӹ¶졣
Ѿ˱仯ԽľӨƺȪʣζ֮ʣԼһ
νɽţȻȴһ֧ʣڲһףĿҪϸ΢ųɡ
öϸеı仯öŵ֣ƺ΢֮ƺǿĪ
޺ǽһһ뿴ľһһ߱˴༤εǿ᣿
Ľͷľ
һУǽһӴ򿪣ɳһʯһ
סָڻϻ˼£ѳ飬һݸĽԿͻҸղһɡ
ĽӹˣֽӹʣȱһԼһյʱ䣬ۣ˸ٱڻ߼£ȴ಻һˮζ
޺⿴̾ʷûпţСӵȷʵˣһҹѶסˣԾףǿûֳˡ
ʦĽĻ˼
޺ӹۣͷе˼ˣҪԽǾ׼ԽȶԽǿ
ǡĽͷӦ
ȥúɣϹơ޺ִ
ٲĽߣ޺̲סЦ

֮󣬳է¶Ľһɫװǰ䳡ʱ䳡䣬û
Ѿվˣһľװɾ䣬һƽһǹʦ㣬Ѿ֪ʦйŲӢʮ꣬ûгס
ƽ֣ʦܣ˯úðɣ
ĽЦãС˯һ
ƽǺЦҵһҪѲʱǰҲ˷ֽţû˯ţ
ŲӢȻЦǵϢ
һκҲͷʦأǣƽЦ
ŲӢЦʱѱأ
˵ЦĹˣƿת۵˸ǰԻɫװһòƽƽƽмƣһòӢ
ĽһӢ꣬ʶŮ˵ɱǿ֪ʲô¡
ŲӢİƣЦãˣʦܣʶһ£Ӻͣƽʦܵ׵ܵܣ˷硣
Ľȭ΢ЦӺ뽹˷綼ǹ֮ˣֻȭ΢Ц
ŲӢǾͳ֣ԲԱͼ֮ʦܣҪɱˡ
ĽͷӦһ
˳ܿ뿪䳡뿪󷨣ɽ±ϣһԾƮƮ׹
Ľƽ֮󣬰ûоṦôһԾϿλίʵҪ
ƮƮϿУϿӣϿİ޹⣬̧ͷֻһߣղϿȡ
˼һŵϿȵľͷ˹ƽʦСģǵΧˡ
Ľͷ˺ܿ촩ϿȣǰһɳĮߣֻɳһߡ
ŲӢһֱĽұߣƽߣȻڱĽûƴǣԼ书ãдŲƣز죬˵ûвԼΣգСΪ
ŲӢȻˣ豣֤֮ûɳ
ĽͷɳĮȥֱߣ̫ܿ𣬽ϣһϼ⡣
˰磬ûʲô֣ŲӢһЦãЩɳһʵ˲١
ûã߶ʮԷˡƽҲһЦ
ĽüͷȻһ֣ͣ½Ų
ƽͣ£ŤͷЦô
Ľҡͷʦ֣ҸоΣա
ŲӢҲͣ£ܸо
Ӻ뽹˷һֱǰͷ·Ľ˸ԶƮһξͣסŤͷɻߡ
ĽһֱΣиӦ
ʦܻǾϲأŲӢȻ΢ЦûлĽĻЩɱģҲż˻ֱǾĥ³ı£Լ
֪׻λ߱㱾¡
ƽЦǺõúܣӺͣʦܣСģǰ
˻һЩСĽ䱸ŲӢ
Ӻ뽹˷粻⣬ȴСĵ˺󣬹ŲӢƽ任վλγһԲΣǰ
߳һŲӢҪ˵ӣСէţǰȻɳĽߵɱ
ɳгʮڵСӣŲӢŲӢһƣ˸źƣת˰ȦάԲ󲻱䡣
ʮС޷ŲӢֻȴˣĽνʣѾƣƷХײʮСӡ
ǻ쳣첽˫ֻţӥצһһץʱ˵Ʒ˺ƣųˣҪ
ĽһЩӣݣһܴĽеȶѣȴֻĽǼ⡣
Ƥڣٱӱƽ۾ݣЩ죬һֻֻСȴ䣬źݶ
ĽһնצӰЩצʮָ׳ָ׷֪צ
ŶһƺѪĽУֻ֣צΣŶϱۺˣ˻ѹòҽ̫졣


78 
ʮһնȥĸѹʱһᣬŲӢЦһʦܺĽ
ĽЦɳ
СǵİŲӢе
ֲ˫ֺȻһ˦֧ɼٶ졣
Ľһƣ㽫£һ˦ЩɼȥǼͷһΣʱæҡ
Ľû粽ǰȣ˼£ɳһ٣Ȼźȥ
ٴһȰɳ󣬽⻮źҲڵϡ
һصԭأʱֻʣɳܶԵزȻ
Ľ⼸²ŵɳŲӢҲŵˣû뵽Ҳ̹ɱˣԶǵɱȡ
ʵܵĽ֮ת۹ɱɳ˵ɱһɳѡ
Щɳ볣˲ͬͷǳ˺Ĺһ㣬Ϊʹ򣬴ףȴѡ
ϿĵÿɳǽˣߣǻһĶһͷ굽ɳĮˮĴ׷Ҳ׷ϡ
ԿϿʵǿɳҪȴѣֻܲȡƣϿݴء
ЩɳӲ̺ɱ˵˿ˣ˶ʹ
˶Ҳ˿ɳ֮˱ɱ⣬νǲĵˡ
ϧϿĵӺ޲ðɱȴЩɳ죬ʹǿģĶ֣򲻹ܣʵû̫õİ취
ܴɳģҪԶǵ书ǿһǲɣл֣ϧǽƻúܣΧߵĻᡣ
µ׺һˣ֪ǵԣƴͬھһһ߶ʣµȫǱһ±ըԲ֮ھҴߡ

ʣɳȻһХɳʮɳĽǳ˹
ĽЦһһȥȰƮһһˣգת۹ɱˡ
˼״Хһһͷɳʧˡ
Ľ΢۾͵һ£顱һ죬ɳһɳ˳ڿźε
顱һ죬ɳأĽͬʱһɳһ顱һ죬ղɳʱغһһɳ˳ڿźŤ
ĽʩΪɳˣɳѾʧûٳ֣ȻǱ˵
ĽվֱˣָϵѪմ
ѪôһѪǱһ㣬о֮С
ʦܡŲӢ
Ľ΢Цʦ㣬ϧˡ
ŲӢҡҡͷ֣أʦܣĽȷʵ
ĽЩɳΣǿ𣿡
ŲӢҡͷ㣬ԽǰɳԽЩĺٹмڴˡ
Ľ̾˿ȷʵ
ܸܵǿᣬѪν࣬ȴЩһεĻףѪܣԶһ˿ɼһֱҪƼȥ
ˣһ̳⼸ĵòˣɳȷʵɱ
ǿᳬ˵ļޣҲ֪ǵʲôŲӢҡҡͷ
ƽǺЦʦܺúãǺǣʮĸһľˣ
ǵľǰ㣬ǰһģĽһɱʮĸɳÿ˶ʮľ
Ľ֪أɱɳ޹˼ɣ̰֮ӣм
ŲӢЦҲһˡ
ĽЦϧûܰǶˣɳ֮Ȼ
о񣬼ʹɳɳĮ棬ҲоõߣϢĿ㣬촩ҹ´ɱ졣
ʦܿɳݣоȷʵ񣡡ƽЦҡҡͷһûʦܣǻˣ
һ³˶ʮɳЩһȻǴȫԼһӣ˵нѶţܿͬŹԮʱ˵᲻ˡ
ĽҡͷЦЦʦ㣬Ҫߣ
ţ߰ɡŲӢͷЦ˵йɳ嶯Ҫ̽һ̽ɱһɳ̫ΣգܵʮľҾ֪
Ҫ̽ʮƽЦ
ŲӢһæʦܿɱ̰ģжɳ˭֪
ʦ֣˰ɡ˷Ȱ
̾ĽеĻ˵ڡ
ðɣȺûֻܷƽϧҡͷ

Ľ˵ʱַأУڣȥǰ䳡ʱ˵ĻȻ
˹ŲӢÿϵĿ׼һСװһ׼ĸװĿ׼һһεΪۣĽöۡ
ǵģ˶ʱΧ˹˲
ʦܣǴ׼һ󺺺һеǺ
ƽüʦ֣⻰ɴɲǼģɱģʵ
˵һľȡһ׼˹ȥ꺺ֽӹһۣͷǲ٣ǽģģܾѽ
󷽷׼ϵı飬ɳǵ˿Ҳɳ˿ǵ׼ͷ죬ûо֡
ƽǺЦĵû뵽ϰɣ
Ц˵ʦܣжٽһ֪ģɱһɳͳˣһôôࣿ
ƽڰ֣Цٺ٣ⲻҵı£ʮɳȫʦɱģǼ˰ˣ
ʦܣ꺺Ľ
Ľһˣ˴仨ˮĺڻǷˣɱɳ
뵽Ľܹɱɳû뵽һɱʮĸίʵЩˣʮĸɳ㹻һɱġ
ĽȭЩԹĵһƽƽǺЦһ·ʦǰæأ̫ۣҾǺ£ɳɱԽ࣬Խ񫣬ﶼŸˣ
ŲӢ̾ʦܣ㻹Ǹͣɢ˰ɣҪȥˣ
˵ǰ·Ľ˻ȵĿ£ƽδҡҡͷҲһ
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ʦǵʮĸŲӢЦӻ֣ƽĲһһݵϣĽҲ׼ϡ
һһˣ˼ۣͷɳǵľСɵƯ
ʦʦܵĽȷʵ׿ɱɳһһʮĸɳɱŲӢ
СһѵáʦͷһĽЦСС˽Ҫģ
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ŲӢߵõסѵʦҪǿ鵤
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ŲӢϲĽӹŤͷʦܣл
ĽҡͷЦЦŲӢһˣֻʣĸĽʲôһҪȸ뿪ƽ˵ԷȥԱߵķʯǡ
ĽӦһȻ뿪ԻСԺϢһʱˬ뿪СԺȥɫѾ磬Ϧˡ

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ĽҡͷЩɳǹ룬ҿý쳣࣬ɱǣûĽɱǡ
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ĽǿϿڲԸ
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Ŷ޺ЦҺòҵôˣڣô죡
ԿϿҪûûά֣ϿķʧȥӰ޴
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79 
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ҲþȣĽõŲӢ˵ҪԼһλ޼ʦʱӦ֮޼˵кܶࡣ
ĽЦΪ˶Ȫȣ԰ιأ
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ǾͺãǸɳһϲŲӢ˫ʣ޶ˡ
ĽȴаЦιйʦڣǣֻܴ󵨵ɱоǡ
ŲӢһۣʦܣ⻰Ҫãɳƶˣɲݴ⣬ҵʱѱء
ĽǺЦʦ㣬յɡ
ŲӢڰ֣˭֪ǴæˣܴŵģǾǲһˡ
ĽüͷһΪΣ
ߣۺ죡ŲӢƲƲ죬һǵʮĸ˿۲ҲմʦĹء
Ľ룬ʦ㣬һ뷨
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Ͽ书廨ţղطḻʲô书УʦѧоʮţֻҪ㹻ܶһ
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ϲʱĳɳսţԽԽ࣬Ǻ˴ܹͨϢһһɳΧסˡ
Ľһһɱ׼ȴ޾ɫηǰ壬ɱ˶ʮ;ó


80 Хɱ
ÿɱһɳһʧһ㣬ίʵ棬ȴ޾
Ľ״ʦ㣬ʦ㣬ڻһң
ϣŲӢһ˫ֶȻӿ죬һźڻţһ֮
ͬʱתĽΧγһԲУҲĽתǽӽģֱɱˡ
ĽְѽʣȻ˫ۣ˫ֽӡγһƬӰŲӢ˫۷Ź⣬֮죬һֱ԰ܼڿԼʦܲöˣʦѧԼ֣ü
Ľ˫ֽӡ֮󣬳һָ漴ԣȻŽӡԣת۹ӳֵϡ
鲻ͷһΣûŲӢȴؽеʦܣʲôô£
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֣˫ֻóһźڻٱǰ࣬ʩչֱּһܡ
Ľٴΰν΢Цŷʩչ۾޴󣬲ܾʩչ֪Щ鷳
һᱣܵġŲӢЦԭֻץһ⣬ȴֱץǹͷһɫĻϻһɼǵ˿ڣίʵˡ
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Ľһ̾ѩЩ˶Լ˲пᣬԱο֪Щ˽˿ϿݴأǽͿ̿ܶɱһɳͶһֹ¡
ʦ㣬һ̫Ľе
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˰ȻоһȺ˿ҰƴɱǲҵҲȾǣĽǼӳϽᾭľ壬ܱ򶨣ƽġ
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ĽҡͷЦ˲ȥˡ
ŲӢŤͷķ򣬵վһȺˣߵ·Ѿס֮಻
·飬Ͻᾭ񣬼æʣô죬ҪҪѶţ
Ľҡͷ̾û뵽ôɳЩʦӦҲ岻
ֻǳˣŲӢ
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Ľûʲôһ̣ȴǶصĽĽ֪ǰڵĴɱר߱ر͸
㽣ɳ⣬ûϽᾭӳ֣һ;ƣˡ

ʱȥ̫Уĵ˱ǣҵϢ˿˿ܣĵɢ⺮⡣
Ľ磬ֶУһ㣬ʹҲ̫죬һɳɱһ㣬ǰѺȥƾӹԼĺȻźҪɵãת۱
ĽȻͬ磬˲伴ĿλãƫУнһҴ档
˽һһĽһɱ˻ˣĸˣһһˣɱٶ֮죬ĽԶʤ顣
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һδεХ಻ɳ󲿷ֵ˵ϣûԸ
Ľͣͣһ΢ЦǰһУŮҲһǰ龰
Լһյʱ䣬ĽٴιţһХһХ翣ƺңԶƮХɳĻɳסХɳסķΧյ˷Բһ
ĽͣХԭǺɫ˲԰ףХֹͣɳأǰָ
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еѾеĻڲдȴϢ΢ЩɳģңٳѪΪɲ
Ůȴÿɲ˵ɳһ㲻¡

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Ľһڽȫʱ䣬Ҫһʱ䣬˵ڶ
ȴȡһɣŮֱӳŮԼڣγȡԼԭУХԽԽ졣
ʼʱֻȡŮһСԽȡԽ࣬һХֱӽŮȫĳȡѾָһХǼ˵֮ǿν춯ء
Ҳֱ˵ɤӣǿᣬһֱӾԼ޷ܡ
ĽЦλʦ㣬ûĲһһʹ졣
˵ŰѪγʣݸŲӢŲӢӹˣԾԾԣĽֱϥɳϣʼϢ
Ůһۣʦ㣬ɣʦˡ
óŲӢɳ޼޲ÿһɳ»
ŲӢȻЦеİ֣ãСһ㣬ɳǼ黬úܣ˵©֮
˵ŻĽѪЩɳæϴһһȥҲҪġ
һһȥ΢Ľߣ˫ʧȥ֪һ㡣
ͷһɱôˣȻڿϿߵЩɳ㲻ˣġ
һɱʮˣǰδеģԼıüӲ࣬ûʲôֵþ뺦µġ
ŲӢһһ̹еɳһߴһ˵ɳûлôǿͣһХɢˣѪ˺ܾûо̫ۡ
صĽߣѹʱԶһȺڵת۹ڵ󣬹ŲӢˣ
˰ɡ鵭
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΢΢ɫ˿ʮ˼һ黹ûô࣬վڰɽХХ֮£ܻ޼
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ʵ벻˻زֻдʦܣʦݿɱǸܽƣٲ֮£Ȼ⡣


81 
˵ĽȻۣһ͡һ죬һѪɳӳһ׶ߡ
ĽҡҡͷһŮʣվ
ѪӹŲӢ³˹ŲӢһ漴һޣɳµĵطϢ͵Ϯ
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ŲӢһ£û˵˼һȴ˼Լˡ
Ľλʦ㣬߰ɣ̫Ũ
ߣŲӢæͷ
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ƮƮ뿪ܿڿϿڵӸǰŲӢϴںڵָףĽһȾ
ͷһ˿꣬Ľϵôˣճǰ׻ľӣȭտ
ӭǰʦ㣬ʦܣʦãǡ
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ŲӢȻһЦÿ˸ʮ׼ʲô࣡лʮ׼ѵãϽģĥĥģ˵иֹ
εŤͷˣǸԾԾԣȻŲӢ˵ǵ£һ¸ʮ׼ֻѵã
±Ǹɳ׼ɳɲôɱģһɱʮܣһĽһɱʮĸɳʱϿλϾҽ
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ඣ˻һ׷׳Ǳӿȥ

ĽŲӢվһԣĽץʱָһϸܣΧ
һҪ⣬ǰǸǱŲӢǰɳı¼
˵붨У٣ܿ˲ŷѾΪ£ղɳǶĸ֣һ϶֣˵Լ߻ˡ
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ХͣǾ裬ɳҲӰ죬ԭȫһƻϮ
ԿϿǵסһϮʮɳһһ飬ǿֿ
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ŲӢɴ
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üû˵λ죬ϿһֱڹŲӢߣϤϿ
ӢˣЦеʡ
ŲӢʦΪҪݣ
ΪҪˡߵ
ˣŲӢɴ
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⻰ùŲӢɫ΢䣬ܵɭֺ
ЩǵУɱɱǲôɳ˭Ҳ֪ԶﴫأЩƨʦҲûûһҽȥƵģͽأ


82 
߰ڰ֣ޣϴ˵϶Ҳûһûš
޺һ飬ЦеĵСһѵû뵽ûʡǳ֡
ŲӢȻЦԭʦҲ˺֣һΪʦء
ɳɣ޺ƲƲ죬ߵģܰ󷨣ְ󷨣ȥɱɳǲҵ
⻰ԣ޼ɾͨɱܼ˲Ųȥɱɳʵڿϧҡͷ
ɱɳǵĴҪŪˣǼо͸ˣɱɳף޺ߵ
ޣ˵󣿡ҡͷЦ
޺ߵЩɳСһһУܶˣ׼
ҡͷѣϧɣ˵㱻ɳʲôӣ
Ҳҡͷ¶Цݡ
ϸϸüëһ£ȻƳ޺һۣ䲻󷨣ȴ˵Ĵ˵ֱóѾʧĽǲɱ
޺ҵ츳һ㣬Сӱö࣬ܽ޲ɣ
ǺǣǾĿԴɣЦ
޺бһ۵ףۿ˵ͣͽܽĳɾ;ͽܱȵˣۺɣ
ЦǺõúܣǿϿȫ
ŲӢĵĵʦֻôȥɳ𣿡
ҡҡͷ̾ӢѾͷǶôɣϧʵݵЭлһս
ŲӢ̾˿ܵ¡
һһ죬ǵǰǻôģ̾ο
ŲӢҡͷʵڲġ
һ죬Ϊʦˣ̽һ̽ɡЦڳΪʦ֮ǰȥҪ
ǡŲӢͷ
˳˴棬ŲӢͷɥ֡
ʦ㣬ʱֻҪԼΪľͺã̫ˡ
ŲӢҡҡͷ̾û뵽
书Զš
ŲӢ¶Цţʦܣ֪ԼˣŬǸ
˵Żߣ䳡䳡Һģۣ˵Ÿղŵľ
仹ϵһſŵ׼˷ܶ

ʱ֣Ľʱ޺һЦеĿһѩƢǲ
һ޺⿪ڣô̹ɳ˰ɣ
ĽͷӶ棬Цʦǣ
ûС޺ֻ֣ҪǱܹȥ
šĽ
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ԭˡĽͷ
֮ûʲôоΪϽᾭҲнվһʩչ
޺С֪˰ɣ֪Ϊǲȥ̽ɳϳ˰ɣ
Ľ룬ʦһ̽һΡ
ˣ޺νҼһСǶûôĶɳҲˣ´οûôף
Ľ̽һ̽ʵ̶ֳȡ
Щʦȥ͸ȥ޺ҡҡͷߵΪβȥߣЩʦøһԼԤУ֪ȥ׶༪٣ǿʦ
Ľı»á
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ĽüϢĿΪһ壿
޺ҲǵĶԼΪһɳӣɳĮҵõ
Ľ֮
޺ڰ֣ɳܽ㾳صҲ࣬ҪȻǶˣ
Ľüǰʮɳö֪࣬ǵγ̶ȡ
޺룬ҡͷ˵ඣɳĶּǲ֪ܱܹĸоӦòˣ磬ʦҲоǿ
Ľٶ˵ͷԷȴ¶Ҫȥ
뵽ԹûԼСԺֱ˿ϿȥϵɳĮĺ䣬ĻȽȻͬ硣
һ¾£ĽƮƮУÿһʮԶȻڣʵٶףŮͬи졣
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Ȼ䣬ʣɳתͷܣܳɳĹΧյģղһΡ
Ľͷ֮оϸ΢Ȼо͵һԾֱ߸ʮɡ
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Ľ⣬ϴʦֵǿˣѪˡ
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Ľһʧԭأʮ⣬Сٶ̫죬ʵΪ飬Ľһ֣ų֡
Ľаһٴε˶ʮ⣬СŲƵͨСδĽ롣


83 
Ľʩչһʧڶʮ⣬СȴΪһ⣬˲׷ȥһ߰㳶Ľ֮䲻ѿɡ
ĽüͷԴСŲͷһˡж׷ôȻ벻ˡ
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ĽȻѪ̲࣬Ƥë˳ëӲ籦ס
ŭ쳣֨֨Ϊһ⣬ٶȸ죬˲䵽Ľǰ
Ľὣһһ죬ƽƽȥɳϻԶһɳӲͣסˡ
С󣬿СèһײȴһͷٴλΪһһ죬ĽֻԶ
ɴ۾ݺݵĽٴײĽһԲԲײ
飡һ죬ȥ
֨һڿһҡë޵βͣٿһĽһȦԲӭ
飡ַȥǧ֮Ľ׿Ľֲ˺á
֨֨֨֨ٴĽһȦ֮ʣٿһҡβͣһ۱ܹ⣬
ĽΣԲٴӭϣٱ˳ȥ֨֨֨֨ŭС
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ʹһʦҲ䶾֣ĽԳצܹ˺ղŵһȭȭʵʣȴСצһһɢˣίʵˡ
սһţֺĽºȻ顱һ죬ɳһСɳڹ䵽ġ
Ľ쳣ʱڹѾ˱һʧԭأСŲܹ
оɭɭɷһϣϸž綾Ӧɱ˲ˣͨɷܸо
ԴѪɷԽУͨɷԼɱ˶ˣöϸɱ˲°ˣɷʵʡ
ʮ⣬һۣ¹ˮɳӣڵԼһЩͼмֹ졣
ɳûʲôΨһĲͬһ˫ӣ񣬲ɳһֻмǻ۹
Ľüͷһ£λֻХһٿһ䵽ͷ֨֨иͣ
ɳ󣬡֨֨Ȼ͵һţٿһɳ֨һĽ
ĽƮˣͬʱӽ󣬡ĴУ󵯷ɣȻڿһ
ĽһӦһӦɳȴһƬģӦ붨ʩӡӦܸӦõɳʱס޷ֱֻϣȫƾֱС
Ȼ۾ӽγһĻ״ͣ任Ľȴ׼ȷĸı佣ⷽ򣬰ɡ
һƬٶ죬ֵûм
ĽȻۣһߣƮƮɻˮ浴ղŵĽ£öϸɳղı䷽򣬱ػȥ
Ľͷһɳίʵ죬ŵСܲȴټҵֻܾ붨ֻСһֱɧŲͣݲͣ붨
һĶãǿᣬȴּ붨붨ԣԼʱ˶ȴֲͬ
ǲһ㣬˿ĹĽЩգȻһϺȡ
СһСһ£ڿֳ
һϺĽԺȳ˷ŵʨӺֱСȻ֣ٶ磬ȴᶨһºס
Ľһ󣬽һһ죬һǡĺס
ӦҪܿĽĽ죬ѾУߣҡҡλΣƺ˾ơ
ĽǺЦȴûȥ׷ϣϥɳϣѪϥϣ˫ֽӡϽ붨С
һ붨ʱУоǿΧһнģ¹⣬磬ɳӣأΪһ塣
ȻִۣĴָһ͡һХײϻΪСսһһ죬漴ʧ
Ľü˫ֽӡȻһϺȣҹףըƽСһͣĽָһ½ɡ
ٴκὣϥϣ붨ոʵĸоһθžǿΧٶҲӿࡣ
ǰ붨ٶȼ죬ǴСͣıܣΪһȴôףҪľҰԳһ͵ġ
ǿԳ׺ܹܶ࣬Ѹٵľ˺һ֮ڴ˾УΧһ춯Ӳо
ۣһٴȥһɳﴫ
Ľ֪ɳ屦ףܵסѪίʵϵɲôжȥģھ
һһ̳Ǵ죬ЦŽ˸Уͣ
֨֨Уٴ˹ĽĴָһ͡Хָ
ڿһҡβͣٶȲȴָܿĽסһ£СһýһĶãֽ˸ָСٶ죬Ľȴָ䣬ָһݲ˸
顱һСһָʱɳȥڿʮԶȻһŤٴ
ĽָǿȴκβֻɣȴƲķֻӽС޷Ľ࿹ͨжȥĽ˲
Ľһʩָһ߻ӽɳϵĻĽȴĻѪÿδͬһλıףڵˮʯĹ֮ҲܰȻ
ͣһϸɳ
ĽһȦȦһ˦С󣬡УСŭļС
Ľⲻͣ಻ĴȥɳĶ죬ĽĽȴӲܱˣȴжȥǧɳӣⲻͣĶڽ粽Уֻܱ
飡ɳӷɽɳ˳ؿھڵĺˮ±ܾã̰ĺſ
ĽһЦ׷ϣ˲ɳֵںǰһ죬ϣĽüͷһ壬ˣûлףǹͷӲ
ǰеĶɳĹͷƣȻֵܵסѪɳĹͷǼ
ίʵЩ˼ȴʵĽǰشĽɳ
ɳƳӰӰ뽣һ𣬡ڶɳͣĺˣĽϵǿᣬӲϵȴͣԴȥҪ⡣
ĽԽԽ죬ԲָͣѹСէһ˳Ծٶ磬Ӳ֣ǿ£һҵ㣬ȴѹˡ
ĽûָȴɣָʤȭСצ˺ѣȴָֻ˺ͬʱ
Ľ񶼷ɳϣɳֶθ˵кУܲ
УɳȻһݣٴɳĽҪȥ׷ȴһٴαܿɳе롣
°գһίʵûֱԼ˺üأŭһһȭ
䡭ɳӷȭǿȭȭһ˿ľ׷ɳ֮ɳӷһͷڵǰС
Ľ˸׷ᣬȭոӣһɳߣϷ顣

飡һ죬ɳɳһɵգĽһһȭɳϣ顱ڵȥ
֨֨СУĽȴᣬһʧԭأСŲƷٴγڷеɳߣ˫ȭͬʱ顱ٴη䡣
֨֨֨֨С۾ˣһȴĽɳ
Ľһٴγɳǰ˫ȭÿһȭǧ֮ٴλ
С˸գȴӽ׷ĽһȭֵɳƤһڿзȥȴʼ䲻
Ľףƺ޻֮ȴǱԼѣһָܻصġ
Ľһȭһȭ˸СŲʩչɳÿα÷ɳȥȴʼûѪֻѣΡ
ʮȭ֮ĽȻһʱ̽üģУĽȭ͵Ļ紸£ڴ̽üġ
һŤһ£ȻƮȻνˣ顱ɳƲ䵽ɳϣĹâȥ
֨С󷢳ļУһѾĽǰ
Ľὣһֱֱ˳ȥһײ£һһյֱղס
Ľپһʧֱӳһ֮⣬ʩչ˴Ų
¶΢ЦһջķᣬӽϴϢָ֣ζ
ɱһɳֵٸɳǵϢϢʵĲ𣬾ʦʦ֮һ㡣
룬ǲģ˵һյúܣջ񣬲֪С󾿾ʲôɳ˾£շˣɱɳ׵öࡣ
ЦҡҡͷСѿҪԼ޵Ҫշɲס
һ·һٶٴһɳһΣȻǰһǧɳһΧס
ĽһöɱֱӼСŲƣɳΧǸ׷
ֹһĽɫȻأȻͣסӣĿ˸£ȻŤͷߡ
飡ɳӷУʮɳɳһƹĽ
ĽһΣΪӰʱӰɢȥѾ˶ʮ⣬ʮɳֱУ˲䲻
Ľо״죬Щһɳٶȱö࣬ǿ£Ȼֺ
ѧԸٺòϿĵܾͨĻЩɳʧƣǿϿǵĶ֡
ͷһ𣬶ǻԭȼԽԽ˷ܣ˸ֱʩչ˴Ų
ʮ֮󣬡顱УʮɳɳɳŤͷԶͬʱ췢һХ
ĽȽȽУֱַһɳ²ͣٶ磬ת۹򱼳һȻһСɳͣס
ֱɳȻϥɳϣ΢˫ֽ˼ӡָ֮罣ָһɳüϡ
ɫǺ죬漴԰ףƬۡ
֨֨ȻһԶһӰһѾǰĽӣʱָ֯һס˻ӰֻС
С˫צӣҪ˺ָȴֻܲĵĺɳȥ
Ľָ붯üͷһֻɳ򢣬˼


84 
ѻɳԺ̽˶ݵ֮ȷʵ򵥣Ҫɲס
˶ǻͨһ֮νħ䣬˵߲ΣɻΪħ࣬
ĽȽһħԼĽղ񹦣羭֮ȴвͬ
ͣ侭ǿղҪѪ⣬羭ǽղ񹦵ħȴᾭע壬ҪѪ
Ʋʵħǿɳǵ֪һ쳣һΣͷֵ֣ܵס
ǰɳ㶥⣬ֻʦѣѾʦģ֪εȾ硣
ȤҪ
ڳ˼СȴָͣסĽȻһسС󣬰һģķɳȥȻסһɳʧԭأѾһ⡣
ٴʩչѻȻһƽɳƶħķȷ
ϧɳĲ̫ͣõķֻеһ㣬ʹɣޡ
һ㣬ħоŲ㣬ÿһ㶼ޱȣҪҪ⣬򲻵ǲԲˣѪ
Դ˿Ͽ˲ôףֻܴԳ⣬Щսɳ٣ԵĶҲȱԲ̫Ͽ
Ľüͷһ׽Ϣɳսɳ˲࣬Ӵ
ͷһѲɳһ㣬Ӵ磬йңиԵ
ƲһˣǾΣˣսͣսʱ򣬶սǸֵĴ߻սӿһ׿ĸ֣һͣսˣǿܻϿ
Ǹʱ򣬿ϿΨһֻǶֻܶһʱ̫ܶã˱Ʒ衣
ֻΪǿʱ֣ݺݴԪˣĴη壬ԶϿ
ĽһȻı˷򣬲أ

ĽӶСȥ裬֨֨žͻƲ
Ľ²ͣƮƮ̤УɳϵĽСԲ㣬Ϊʡһۼ¡
ֻСǼ̲ΣĽ᲻ɱˣĽṦٺãÿζҵõ
żĽʩչСŲ಻ϵʩչһֱ˦˶ã׷
Ľ񣬻жصĸо֮Ϊ죬ϲϧСһɲϲ֮ǣҪɱԭ˱
ĽҪɲףҪһһĥһֱĥƽԣݷͨпշ
Ľ۲һɱɳԼ֣ͳɣɳСצ¸ûл֮
ĽۿֻһӶʮɳ׷׵ڵϣѾűһۿ˭Ҳ벻СèСһﾹ˵ײС
ɳˣ˵Ļ˲ãĽܽҴؿϿģһʧأϿҪ꣬ٶ̫죬ݲ÷Ӧ
Ľһ·һֱ߳һããɳĮɳĮûоͷżһޣɳסţĽƹȥɳ棬Ҫ̽ʵ˵
һҹܿȥʱѾһǧ֮⣬ΧɳĮϿΧû
ɳԼ٣Ͽһɳֻһ䣬ԶĲϵԶϵ١
Ľ㣬Χڲɳ
Ҳһɳ䣬˶ϡ٣ֻһǧԭĲнɳ
ĽղžĲ䣬ҲһǧɳһǧɳȴĽоǿҵΣա
дŲŸ㣬ûдŲ㴿һЩɳϣ
ĽиĵģôԶôɳߣ᲻иģ
һȺߵĴڣɳеֻʲôӣĽƲ⣬еĴʦǶ֣򲻻ûӹ
֮۸ʮ֮⣬ֿһ䣬Щ޵һʯͷӣǼªЩʯͷɳʴɼ̣졣
һ£תͷҪߣоǿҵΣոоٿĻ֮ΣǶ㿪Ϊ
Ϊʵ㲻ö⣬½ԿȥãҪײųɣµһҲҪųɡ
תҪߣ֨֨һŭļСٴδ˳ΪһƹĽ
Ľε̾Сһﻹǲͣ׷ŲţҪշ˲ɡ
һСͣĵˣȴĵҶܣܿĽĽȴܲԸ
ĽĽ⣬Сٶ죬鶯磬ȴ罣⣬һ㣬һС·硣
飡ĽȻһķתߣһŲ˲֮⡣
ͣһХĽǰһΣǵ𶯣һٴʩչŲֳ
飡Уɳĸɳ
ĽôɳʼʱɳһģܿԵĳˣȻڣȴҲиԲͬĺڣƽȴҲв죬еıӴЩе۾ۣеĿЩеĳЩ
ĽŮɳȴ޽欣ЩŮɳ٣Сĵأڲͷƽʱ
ĽҲż֮ۼûҿܸܵЩŮɳΣգ˿
ĸɳӦòС˫񣬺΢üûУĽһ֪ҪĸһѲý
ĸŲٴηһʧһγ֮⡣
һǰˣĸɳ͸аţÿһС˻֣Ķ˾ʤ㡣
Ľƣĸɳλߣеʦ࣬ʵڲˡ
ƮƮУŲһֱʩչ뾫иܲñ㲻ã⵽ؼʱ޷ʩչ
ʮ֮ɫһȻһ⣬ʩչСŲէһ뿪ǰ桰顱һըĸɳֳ֡
Ƿ·ֻĽƮݶѸݣ˲䵽Ľǰݲܡ
ĽüҪһĸǳĴ򲻹ƴˣҲֱʩչŲߣһ߻ᣬ߲̽ζħĻᡣ
һ£ܣȭ͵һһȭײһɳ顱һ죬ɳβ䣬ֳצһץȭųץ
ĽȻĳȥɳײ顱һ죬ĽֻƾʹæһȻѪ
徭ղ񹦣羭Ѿǵǹ룬ѪҲֻһƤѡ
ɳһƣȻƿҲƿƤֱ⣬ǵָίʵӲ֮ʤѪһ
Ӳƴ˸˽Ա⵲סϴƵҪֱۡ
ĽԴˣûԹôĿԴԴϵӿֱ顣
ǿᣬתǳ˵ʮܼʱĻ飬ȥҲǷӣǵӸûȫ
룬ֽӡʱһƵʩչ˴ʱס˵
һⶸıǣʱͣͻǵ˫̵֣ϡ
ȴʯͷһ㣬ײǵļȻ̲ȥǿ£۹˸ͷһһת
ͬʱ죬ͣҵǵ㣬幦ҲһģһԭĵطʹǿˣҲĵطҪ£ֲ
ƤʯĽӽŸλļӲ̶ȡ
εķЩɳĪӲ֣û㣬ҪеĻҲֻ˫ۡ
ѡҡҡͷֻóɱˡ

رǣһؿһţ漴һɳĺɳĵ£Ĩһ£ٴһһɳ
ɳ״һԾɳһӨ͸ˮСڿУ
ĽһУɵʱϣ΢΢¶ЦݣȻǷɵѪǿ֡
ϥϣɵǰ˫ֽӡɳϣʱ붨ɵ΢΢˸ƺһˮڵת
Ƭ̺󣬷ɵһʧϡ顱һ죬һɳ˳ŻΪԶ
Ľ΢΢һЦɵɳӣɵѪϵķͣԽľӨ͸ҲԽѪҲһ
ؼѪûп棬ѪҪԦķԾĽȴûֱ
Ѫɷˣʹ߻ħǷķ徻񣬵ͷˡ
ԦķģһɵϳԣȻķģķɵѾ˷ĲΡ
һɵҲȴһһޣɵ֮󣬷Ҫǿֻרעһպлᣬپļڶ
Ľ˸ʩչСŲ׷ϣͬʱԾԦɵ֮£ɵ͵Ĵɳ壬ϸһȻ˫翪ء
ɳХһڻǵˡ
ĽһǰȻһʧʩչСŲҪһɳ
ĸɳ֮Уʣµһɳ֮оΪһ塣
ĽɳΪɵƾһֶԼҪԴûܸӦɵҲû֮ء

ʩչСŲƣĵ¼У˰ʱ֣ص˿ϿķΧһ
һ·Ƭ̲ͣͣʩչСŲܾɳһֱ׺󣬵ԼŻ
ɳĶãСŲԲһԽԽԶİңо˦ɳ
ͬʱ˦ĻֻСĽΪϧħķСòҪ
ʩչСŲƲͣʹ˿ϿҲһɽȻһɽ壬ɽۣѾԲѵɳŵǰ
ɽλڿϿɵĶ棬һƬ಻ɽһΧдеĹ߿ɲ죬˺ϱ
һѪϥǰЩģջǾðһԣʵѵá
Լаʱɫ԰ףջָ
԰׵¶Цݣջķᣬݵǰ㣬ħǰ㣬Ժ
޲ھͿʼϰ̫󣬻ǻȥúõϢһǣɳֱһˡ
һУİƣһתҪؿϿɣȴһŤͷȥ
ֻһ̵£һɳվ˫
Ľëһɫ΢䣬ԼֱȻ׼ûǰΣա
ɳȻ¶һЦݣ˫˸һ£һٿһʧǿӲʯͷ漴ʧ
Ľһԭվ£ͷһƣ޺ۼղһΣԼֻþ
·ɳǵڶݵԲν⣬һ̤㣬ԼʹʩչŲҲ㲻
վԭأ棬ůڵģȴɢͷĺ⡣


85 ׷
˰Σ쵽Ƶķ˱УֱӻԼСԺԺеСͤղŵһĻ
ɳģԺһŹֵЦݣĽЦζǷ̣ǳЦƿ֡
Ľܸоɳе㲻ѰɳͬѰɳȻթȴǱˣ̫ͣߣթСһ㣬Ҳûʲôԣпûеϸ
ɳȻͬĸоһϼ޻ģƺһڿԼ
ĽΪУнŨ޲ֱ׷ɳѻһ뷨
뵽ѻ뵽Լõķݵħ䣬Ȼݵ㣬ħ㣬󣬲ܾ
һǸʦ޺˵һ˵ܸܵ޺⣬Լͽȷʵ⣬١
ѻȻǷ֮ȴҲʲô࣬ѻҲʲô˲
ǡֵ˳ʱ䣬Ʈ뿪СԺ
Ϧ£յͣտޱȣ͵Ĺ·˼ֿտ˼ܰ
޺һϮѩϣ֣£̾˿СȻǲ
ĽЦʦͽˣ
ߣʦͽദʱ̣ȴ֪СӵƢϳԿȰģ޺һۣߵʲô취ȻбֶΣص
ĽЦһֱ˵бֶΣʦŰˡ
ðɣ˵˵ɣ˶Զ޺ߵ
ĽЦЦһǧ
š޺۾һɣŵĵһһǧ
ĽЦŵͷʦţ
޺Сӵ˵ٻڿңõʲôṦ
ĽЦСŲ
СŲ޺룬ҡͷû˵ʲôصĴУҶʦԽԽˡ
ĽЦʦѾΪҵЩ֣ʦ벻
ٷϻϽ˵޺ߵ
Ľɳһһģһǧ̽䣬ڽ࣬нһɳֻǧ
޺ͷô˵˵ɳǵӲͬһȺһȺסһ顣
ҡͷǿϿùģƫƫһɳ湻ܵģ
ĽЦЦҾͦˡ
ʲô˵ģ޺ûҪֻһǧɳʰɾˣ
ĽҡҡͷʦŪˣҷɳĲԽСԽҵĸо£ǵĲαߵĸߵö࣡
θߡ޺ͷǲɳеĸˣ
Ľͷʶɳĸ֣ǹ룬磬ǿ£
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Ľͷ̾ɳίʵһ϶ǣǱɳˣ˻
޺ɫ΢䣬һۣСЩһؽţ
ĽͷЦڲˣ
ôˣ޺ʡ
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Сӣ޺⡰顱һӣڵվ˷ܵĵСӣ
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ȫ𣿡޺æʡ
Ľͷֻǰ漸ķûţʦǱĺãһǵɳϾͬ˵ʲôΣա
޺ڰ֣㻹Ǳˣѻ̫ˣΪ
󷨴ʦ֮⼫ûĽѻЧ֪࣬Ƿɣݣʩչضۡ
ĽͷʦҼá
޺ü룺ķ£㻹ΪãһɾѾ⣬һ˲ʵڵòʧ
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ĽЦҵĵӦûʲô⣬
ðɡ޺֮ô죿
ĽֻҪû⣬ﲻһ
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ĽЦͷǷ֮ĲޣԼΪӣ˵ôһʵʦϣԵ˽̫ء
޺ЦСӣ׾ͺãգǲ
Ľͷǡ
޺Ľ˾ƣ˸һ޺¶п飺뵱ΪʦҲһ㣬ţ»Ҫ̽ɳʵ뼸λʦֽУ
Ľģ֪˴ۣ˾ƣҡͷʦ˶
޺ҡͷ̾ǲ㣬ͱɳǲˣؽɳͿ£
ĽĬĬͷ֪ɳɳսΧסǧһΧס
ԼŲΣٺõṦƳվҪġ
޺ҡͷЦ̾˿һȥʮˣĸǽĴ
޺̾Ӵ֮Ҳ׼̽ϿһҲģֻҪסɹ
ĽͷϿٸӣӽһ˵ɳȷʵ˼졣
޺ЦЦٺһĽû뵽㾹ߵûԶˣ
ĽЦʦҿɳ̫ܣɳĵ㣬Ҳ֪ж󣬾жɳʹûǾŸݴҲǿϿˡ
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ĽϢõ֪һĲ䣬һϣǱûǣĲһǧģĿǿϿ
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޺üͷţͷ̾˿ǲã
ĽͷҹԱ߲Ҳֻ֣ó֣Ҳ
޺ˣҪСˣɱ̫
Ľ֪̾Ҳôɱ䣬Щ֣ʦʦǡ
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ĽԷٶȶȻӿ죬ܿ󣬸ǻȥʼݵ
һǳɳĸ֣Щʦʦȷʵ׶༪٣Ͽ񣬾ûɱﵣ̫ģ

ݵĹؿľҪ֮ѻõķͬʱҲõܹᵽ֮һ¾ţʱ֣ƮƮ˿ϿɳĮ
¹ˮҹɳĮ쳣¹ƺҲġ
Χķ粻ʱϸɳ棬ϸ΢ĺۼĽվŲƬ̺ȻһأʱţԽԽǳȫݽɳӰӡ
ĽܹȥڱǺɳԷĴ󵨵ĳԣݵķתоΪһ塣
ܴﵽ˺һ֮Ϊһ壬ֻľڣʵȴͬ
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Ĳβֻһţ³ɻо룬ȻҲܴﵽλãȴҪһʱ䡣
ʱӣεߣһʱᱻС˵߲Σļ˲ǧ
ɵһ㣬ɳܴﵽٶ磬ɵڶ㣬ڼӲﵽ㣬ɵ㣬ȫأ˲ǧС
Ľ仯ű仯ɳﴩУͬˮӾܹɵĺ
ܹɳݵĸڣɳɳûʲôͬ泩ˣ޲һֱɳ
ȽһԼṦݵȷʵԶСŲ˲һݵһ⣬Ҫգ۵ʱ䡣
ݵһṦȴԶʤٶȱȻԼСŲƿ죬ǲ̫ܡ
㣬ܹ˲ϢǧȴŲǿݵܹŲҲŲ˲ŲƾؼǾǿȣԽǿԽ
ݵŲȣǧݵΣɳΪһ壬Ϣĺ÷ţСŲƴŲٶȸ졣
һ٣ؼǾǿ󣬾ԽǿԽ죬Խܾϸ΢Խ΢һɢһ۵ʱԽ̡
ʱ֣ƮƮص˿ϿصԼСԺϢ䳡˶
书ڵһأȥǶ۸ˣȤԼ
һʮ죬û˴ţҲû˸֪ȥѲߣװɵװˣʵûȥɱɳ
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ĽͷӹŹ֣û뵽С׷ˣ
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ĽЦŵͷǺãߣ


86 
ƮƮСԺȻֱ˱ɣкǱĸ̧ͷһ۶
һŲӢǶʱϲԶԶеʦ
ŲӢüǲǳȥ
͵ܳȥģﶼ
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İʹȻͷһҪ취һӣϧ־裬
˺ܿ쵽˽ǰϵǱɼһ϶ѪܵģеĶͷˣеļˣеƨɴˣصǸԲѵģ֪
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СˣŲӢһԵӵ࣬ҡͷãˣһ¾ͳɡ
ʦ治ҪĪŻԲѵ꣬̾ҿֱӻ˹ȥ᲻Դ
ŲӢڰ֣İɣһͺãСɹԵģ
лʦ㣡Īм
ŲӢϵ˻ȥԼҩͳɣСĵúϴ֮ҩ
ǡӦĽͷƮƮ뿪ˡ
ĽĿ͸죬ĽվҪĽǶȣ˵Сʦܣ֮ǿȴǿϿһʹĴҲȲϡ
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ǵ˼죬ǿΪľ񣬺Ѹı䣬ʹ̬ٵͣҲ
˽ǰߣŲӢֻ̾Сͷۣȫʦ˵ġ
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šŮ
ĽʵģгӦҵģ˴ԾҴ鷳Ϊҹȥ
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ĽǰһҶ̽һأ;һݣ鷳Ϊˣȴ뾹׷
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ĽͷЦȷʵܴ
ŲӢжԸķӣ
ĽͷԿɡ
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СɵʱͣסȻأĽķ𾭣ԭߺɢȥ
ŲӢŷҲʣصĸ׵ĻζƺѾȴȴ˿ûİС
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ŲӢæĽʹɫѵõĺûᣬͻȻһ׽õС
ĽɫҡͷЦЦλʦ㣬ǻȥɡ
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Ļ⣬Ҫʦָ㣬ƾԼʹԶʤˣҲҪ˷ʱ䡣
ȻСˣѲһȦһûɳݹŲӢ˵ԴСûɳ
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èûɱ֣Ĵûֱӳ֣è֮ǿϿǼȮˡ
èѱҰܲҸ߰ǳ˵˿ֻˣ϶ΪԻģ߾ǣҪ̫
ĽЦûзȴᶨշ˼

ڶ죬ĽҪԳȥŲӢȴǰСԺƫҪһĽֻܴӦһϿȣè˹׺ݵĵĽ֨֨
Ľ޻ֱϥʯϣ˫ֽӡ۾ʼж
˾һèʱί٣˼֮䵽ϣ΢۾Ľо
һΣĽһжʮ飬һʱȻƮ뿪Ů뿪Ϣûè
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죬ŮǰСԺһϿȣèٴγ֣ÿζ׼ȷ׷Ľλã졣
ĽʲôֱһжһʱȻٴƮȻ뿪
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ÿθ뿴èɰģľָоίʵѵá
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Ľֳ죬ŮûٸţʧʱèŭǳС۾
ĽЦе֣è֨ļһŤͷĽߣèʱΪһ⵲ǰɴ۾¶׺顣
ĽЦЦһٿĳȻ󼸸һ֮⣬èΪһܿ׷ϡ
ĽͣΣЦпָָϿڷ
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Ľڶٴγʱè׼ʱĽоһʱתƮƮ뿪è׷ϣŭĹĽֻܶᡣ
һʱоֻЦпȻ뿪èߺ쳣֨֨С
ȻڶĽٳ֣оʱèѣֱĽ뿪˺һѹ
Ľͣı仯оʱ䣬ʧǲоǶ̶һСʱ
ڶʮ죬ĽһһľȻڶʧһ첻Ӱٳʱèʱ֣ŭ
ĽһȻ׽ס֨֨ŻӶצӣĽ˫ƵѪۣЦеĿȻš
һʶ˹ȥͨԼ˼˹ȥҪǸԼߣÿ춼оҪ뿪ˡ
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ĽЦп
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Ľװ֪ƮƮ˱ɣصԼСԺȻСͤ˰ʱķ𾭡
ôʱоľһãԵķʽжܴ
ǰѪԭЩӣһжþޱȣԼ졣
֮ϲһߴһֻ߽èһٺò


87 ħ
էһСԺѾŹŲӢ飬Ůһѩ䲢ٵİСԺΪǶ
ѽŲӢһ˷ܵӭǰʦܣշ
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СһﻹˣСۣŲӢȥĽæʦ𼱣ȵȵȰɡ
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ĽЦŵͷСħȷʵаţèʹίʵףȻֱھϵġ
Сħ˺ֱָ񣬲壬èҲۡ

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èܹƿ˵ʦǰʦ죬ûԱûǺܴģܲСצӡ

Сħȴֹģè֮ͣ£СͤԽԽ
Ľҡҡͷõʱжֻ̣֮Ҫʱ֣èƿǲܡ
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룬Цó˻ھö˫ּģʱͬˮһ㣬תݣԽ
Ƭ̺Ľͣסһ߼ļ治һܹܵġ
Ĵ߷СħӿתԪٶȴԭҡҡ׹ٴۣ
èԭоϣȴ»ָǰСצӼоı仯СգգĽڵλá
ĽЦеİڰ֣è¶ŭ飬޺޵顱һ䵽ϡ
ʵûÿαײͷת򣬻ҪƴӶСצӣƿɣȴܺ
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ĽЦèŵͷͨȥһ֪˰ɣ
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ĽǺЦ˼èصԼʮ㣬èѱˡ


88 
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Ľһ߼һݵݵһֱڽţ䲻̫չٶȣڻǱ˵ڶ㡣
峿Ľè˱ɣϿɳĮԴĽշèϿĵǻָѲߡ
һӺƽ֮ڣɳǲٳ֣ĽˣĽȴµĲԼè
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£˲伴õĲǾ񣬾ɳȫںϣ漴ı弰գ˲Զ֣ŲЩơ
޳ɴСŲԭƿսܹƿգƿʵڣӶԶ֣һڣͲٳΪۣٶȾٶȣ˲Զ֡

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ĽԶϵ˵ڶ㣬ڶȵһѵö࣬ǿнˣٶ̸Ͽ졣
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֨֨УбĽ¶мɫȻǳЦĽĶݵ
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ڸӲߣٶ᲻ûȫӲӲɳѵöࡣ
ŬϿݵأèҲȥˣֻڿеһ֣ܹȥ֨֨УȡЦ
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ԶҪƼΪ׼ֻСûʦָ㣬Ҫʵס
ƵƹȻҪҪľľںϣȫΪһ壬
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һؾѵˣĽΪóĲ̫̫ҫµС磬̫ĹƣȣȴǿԽԽײ
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֪˺ʱĽپȻ̼ζѬһ£й㻵ͬζܵñȱǿҵöࡣ
ͷһƣ첲һңɳĮ˼ܾûôˣ׼ˮҪϴ衣
ߵǰһƴϼӳȻһȥô
±˴ţèңԼ鷿èΣĽ鷿Сħ
û뵽һһһҹȻˬ˹վһ㣬ίʵ
ȷʵףʽãʽ֪ΣȲҪȥǳԷ˵
ܿˮͰĽϴ֮Խˬ˼֣зëϴ֮
ǽղ֮ԭΪ޹˴Ʋ֪廹Զûﵽ֮
޺һģϷ˫۷Ź⣬æǲ˴ơ
Ľҡͷ޺о˾ı仯Ľʵ棬޺Ц


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ؼıţһţ֮ǾͿŬ̶ˣ˵ȫԣûп๦Ҳǲɵġ
ԼͽܲһĹ򣬾ţſνУֻҪţɵģһڶ³ˡ
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ĽЦпʦ֪һܹίһüˣԼҲǸˡ
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һûкҹ֪һҹ˰û⣬һֱ
˰ʱ֣ʽƣֻ类չһ㣬˵顣
ֻͬһֱԡˮУƮƮûһʱƮ
ⲻǸоʩչṦȷʵǰ˼֣øӴˣίʵԡ
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޺ϲҲˣ˳ȥĽ֪ȥԶʦˣҪķ
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󷨹ȻȤȴֻʦΪʦ޹׷󣬶Ƕ书һȰ
ԶЦ޼ɣҽȴʽӣȥúȥ㣬Ƶ深úܣҲкܶǿڿഫľ׼ֵģָɴƵġ
Ľ⣬ҪƣȷʵҪʦʲôԣ⴫

ĽصԼСԺֿʼʽڶʽȵһԸһЩҲѡ
ڶ⾳һȻͬȡ⾳ģˮ
йĵڣ°빦һҹʱѾʽ꣬һֱ̫Ӧ
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ÿιŲӢѲߣҪţһɳһɱʮɳŲӢԽ
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ĽףСһԼһҲǸϲܵģʳҲҪܾá
ŲӢǸʳ治˾ãԲƤĸԼߡ
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˵߲㣬ϾˮĥˣҪѵ߲㷭һĲ¹棬ǹ棬棬߲ǹ棬һĽͣ͵ͨ
ڰ˲ǻ飬ȥǣھŲǴԲȻһ
Ľһ˵߲㣬ڰ˲㻯ѣҪʱȥżá
ԶĽٶȣ϶ƣԲ硣
쵽ڿɽŵӣĽų׼Ҫ֮ʣȴ˵ս
峿ĽСԺƣŲӢƮƮһСԺվСͤʯϿĽèһ䵽ŲӢͷ
ŲӢʦܣ鷳
Ľͣ¶תͷʣ˭
ŲӢߵȪȵһСһս㡣
Ʋ죬һм顣


90 
ĽЦȪȵˣ
ŲӢߵʲôһȪģģģ۾ͷϣģ
ĽЦЦȪȡ
û뵽Ȫȵĵô󣬾ȻϿսԼȪȱȿϿʵԶҿϿλȻ˸ôɡ
⽭һȪôĵӣ
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ĽЦлλʦʦ㣬˸ѣ书ˡ
ߣȪȵĵǿȥŲӢмĵ
ĽҡҡͷȪȵʵ䲻ۻ룬̺˵ԴԶǿϿȴԶʤһɣѱʲôš
ô˵ҲпܣսʦǼ٣棡ŲӢͷ
¶ŭ飺ôĵӣǿϿʲôˣ
ĽҡͷʦˣȷʵҵģȪȷʵһζԹ
ʲôԹǿϿĵӣǻǾƲǿϿŲӢߵ
Ľ룬Ц⵹ҲǣúʰǿϿʧӡ
͵ȺϢɣһȪȵĵӣֵһᣡŲӢƲƲ촽齾
Ľüҡҡͷܾòף⽭һȪһ˷ģ򲻻Ͽûɵӡ
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Ľҡҡͷֲ֪ȪȶԹ˲ࡣ
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Ľ룬ںæ㽭ˣʦ㣬㽭һɣĪҪʦ㣿
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Ǿǡ˷׷׸͡


91 
ĽҡͷϾȪȵĵӡ
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ȪȵʵףԼһ˵νпϿǲΣ绪ǣȪȲԼʰ绪Сһ
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92 
ĽüȥΧɳǶǸ֣ٶɳΧסڲȴɳ֡
Щɳֵǹ룬Ľ޼䣬ܲ͸磬϶Ǳȴƫƫ̲Χɳ
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ĽͷŮæϿԶ
Ľʮɡ
Ůһ£´һĽͷǺðɣˡ
µֻĽˣҲ֪˿Ͽĵӣݵ
Ľòͨºͣһ͸ůƽ֮У
һۣպɫƣ˫Ŀգ¶ЦݣǺЦţĽܸоһ˿
߰ɡĽ
Ůպ꣬ԳʩչṦĽ߳ʮŮЩԲǰּߣǿŸĽ֧Ųסˡ
ι޼ɣ
Ľǰ·ͣŤͷ
ô֪ŮԾ
Ľʦֹ˹˵ġ
ʦ֣æеʦˣ
ĽѾϿϿڣڵϢ
лˡŮһ
ĽЦЦû˵Ůȴ㲻һѽ
Ľߵǰס˺꣬Ц߰ɡ
ŮЩ˼ȴһۣƮƮǰĽԽԽ죬Ů󣬲·硣
Ľ̾ΪṦӦǴɵӣһ룬ȴû˵ڡ
ʦܣŲӢĽΣе
Ůƫϣʱǡ˹ŲӢǣȴĽ֮ۿˡ
ŲӢߵŮŵˣȻôǰˣ˭
Ľʦ㣬㿴ɣûоȡ
ŲӢƮĽǰ̽һºְؿڣü
ʦ㣬Ľʡ
Ůĵ󣬽ŹŲӢһգۡ
ŲӢҡҡͷԿɣⲻˣ˴̼Ǳ˰ɣ񶼺ĵˣ˥ˡ
лŽ㣡Ůæ
ŲӢ̧ͷЦǡ
Ůҽ䣬ʦֺ˼ϣйʦֹ˳ϣɳû
һᵽЩɳʱ¶ݣ֪ɳȴСǣ䵽ⲽء
ŲӢɳ֣ƽʱǵģֵǳ֣ǵĽһ
Ľһ֪ͨ潣
ҡҡͷɵģûá
ĽȻȥɣ˹ӻǱߡ
ƽӺԸ£Ҫ̧˼ϣĽл˺⣬֮УṦ
ƮƮУĽŮ磬ź˼ϣӺƽнһȪںһ󣬽һȪȻһ٣Ľǲ磬ں棬Ϊڶݵˡ
ŤͷȭһᣬȪȽһȪ
͸ŰȻ֣˫۽䣬Ҫһ̬֮
俴ĽŲӢ飬Ȼ㲻ǿϿĵӣ
ǡһȪȻ
ŲӢһۣĳСӣ
䲻ĿŲӢߵСսʦܣǳԴҩǾʹɳΪԼ
ѽȪȡ룬ǲλڱҹݵȪȣ
һȪԽȻʮ㡣
䱧ȭҲʦţһᡣ
˵һᣬȴ飬żַ֮⣬һȪ΢գȴΪ֣ƽϡ
һȪ¶˵ЦݣϾȪͣȪȵķ羰ù
ЦЦá
ŲӢһۣСӹһȥϽ·
һȪ֪˵Ҳ粵һЦŤƽߣȴٶ˵ŲӢЩգŭֿԡ
ٶȼ죬ܿ쵽˿ϿϿڣ˵ԾʯϵĹ˳ϣһϮƮƮ·Ϊһʯͷ
ʦ֣ϲƮ˾ʯǰ
˳ۣ¶һ˿Ц⣬ʦãҲӳˣ
ţصͷ
˳ϿĽϵĺ˼ϣü壺ʦôˣ
ʦҲ󷨡ʱͷ̾ǡ
ʦ˳Ͻŵʡ
Ž˵һϣ
˳ףָǾͺãλֵܰæҲżһδ̡
ĽЦϿ޼ɡ
ȾˡŲӢƮ˾ʯϣĽѺ˼£Ȼվ
ŲӢź˼Ʈߣһһƣ裬ӯݣʥׯϡ
˵ĿⲻԾĸߣһһٶƺվͷڣ
Ľ̽һº˼ϵ࣬ͷǱסˡ
æǰ̽һ£ϲĵͷлŽ㣡
ŲӢ΢Ϣֻ΢Цһ£Ľ˹ӣȥҿϿһɣӵҪúþһӣ˸·
Ǳˣ˳ϵͷ
Ľ˹ӵҲùʦ㿴һ°ɡ
ҲҪ˳΢Ц
Ľһ۹ŲӢƣ֪ˣҲǿ۾֮˻صϿɡ
ϻָ˻ãŲӢģʱЦóûĻ
˳ӳƣһ·Ľû˵仰ܿ쵽˱ɺƽǰס
һȪǺɣˣֻ˵Լҵӣ
һȪҲûɣû˵ĽֱɳɱǱ书ޡ
Ľȴ֪򵥣ǲ֪ǲԼģͨȻʧЧ
˵˼εסˣͨȻĽΪ죬żҲУķ£ܹĿ̽˶϶Լ롣
һȪԭ뿪ģʵֲ˺ã֪Լ书ڿϿеȣ޼ǿϿĵһ֣ɱԼ練ƣпϿȪҲ޿κεġ
ѲĲ޼ɣһֱ¶棬˵оƣͷ۵ǹŲӢ
˵˶ǰۣòǣŲӢмúܣû˿л䳰ȷԼƫƫ򲻹ֻӲţһˣҪһͨ
֮ǵ˼һ¶ˣﲻߣÿ춼Ҫյǰ
ģҲֺŮֻǰ֣࿴۱㣬ãŲӢ䳰ȷҲŲģ𲻵Ļϲ
䲻ȣض׽ȴҲ򣬿Ľҡͷȫڹ˳أԵﲻˡ


93 ɽ
ӣĽͷƵ˼棬Ҳżʱʱһֱơ
ѽסʼѧϰҪϸĲ򣬲һרעС
о˾ƣ²󷨣һһǡˡ
߶ľ񣬴书ĵȴҪǾ񣬶壬Դھ񣬹Զʤһ
ÿˣжһľоһ飬ĵľʱָˬԡ
èһֱԣŲӢǵʳջԣľĶƷһ㣬ʳԲԣľȴܲ
ŲӢһֱèΪβȥˣ֪ĽÿζҪо˷ܣǺƤһ
ʳջèæĽһҪоȥ֪ͨԼèϻ쳣Ӧ˰Сæ
ÿĽоŲӢ鶼׼ʱĳ֣Ȼèһ𣬾о
Ľ꾭뿪˵ô
ĽһֱͷڲУ֪ʱţ֪ǣѾ¹ȥ
峿ĽƣȻһҴҽŲĽһ֪ǹŲӢҲֻˡ
顱һŲӢײԺţЮһ絽Ľǰʦܣ
ĽƣЦʦ㣬ʲô£
ĳŲӢ˫۷Ź⣬˷ܵĵ֪ʲô𣿡
ĽЦ֪
٣ʦ˼ʣŲӢߵ
ĽüͷһЦݲף
ףǳĲףŲӢͷ˷ܵĵڵĵӣ
Ľüͷһͷڡ
㲻𣿡ŲӢķӦæ㲻ݽ𣿡
ĽЦֻܴأûķӡ
ǲȻҲֻôӣÿ˶մ״ʣߺŽȥҲˡ
ǵδءŲӢҡͷЦ˵иԭ򣬶ڵо֮ģԽ롣
šĽȻ
ŲӢȻЦʦ㲻֪һɣ
ĽҡҡͷùŹ֡
ŲӢʹȥˣֻѧһѣһǼӣܰʦġ
ô˵Ľʡ
ŲӢһ֮иˣȫɵĴȣһֻ뿪ڡ
Ľüϣٶȥɲʲô
ŲӢߵڴһ꣬ǶģԼ£Թñˣ֪Ļֻ˵̫̰ˣ
Ľͷе
ŲӢЦʦܣǾģȥĻֱܽȥٴˡ
Ľ
ŲӢʦ㲻᷸ɵɣŹᣬƫƫҪȥأ
ĽЦЦǳƽеϵ
ܴؽȥֱڵʽӣǴؽȥģֻڵӣܰʦ
ͬһĹ߲Ǿ޴ģȡõĳɾҲԶ
ڵĹؿڼ裬ǹ书ģʵǵѵ޷ĽҲûаա
ԼаգһڵĻһ֮£ǿ󣬿Բ߲ݵһֵϱꡣ
ͬѧǱȱ˿ģš
ʦܻʲôץסǰĻŲӢ
Ľȥأǲɣ·ǡ
ŲӢһۣ㵹£ȷʵףһʼأڷᣬҲڵĹء
Ľüʲôأίʵ档
ԥʲôб£ץʱ䣬һúȡھǣŲӢ̫̰ˣ봳ؽڿɲô׵ģôˣÿҲһһûУʦȷʵƶܴùһиʧɲ
Ľ룬ͷʦҾֱӽȥɣ
ŲӢʱüЦãʦ㲻ɵȥ˵
˵ӯƮ˳ȥĽվԭ˼

˳ĽСԺ˳˼Ͻ˳ݣ˼鶯٬ѣһʣһϮӳüӨ崿ޡ
һ˳ϱȭЦŵлûĽޡ
ĽЦҡͷ֮Ͱˣˣ˳֣صҡͷȴûٶ˵
ɳĸ¾ˣɲǾ֮ͣðżΣյģĳºֲν²ľѣڡ
˽ĽСͤ£˼䲻˵˳ֵܣ˵׼أ
Ľͷڣû뵽λڵģȷʵԵ
Ź˵ֵ㽣׿˳ϵ
һֱǰŵģºͣ崺磬ȼѣĽ°̾
ĽЦЦðɣҺʹøλȣǽ֮ڣҼ棬Ҫϳ˽
˳ϵͷڵĽ䲻˵µһȴʤȫֵܿѡԼϲġ
ֵֵܣɵĹؿҪ츳ҪܶӢ츳ʼߣ㹻ȴǷһʵ˶󣬡ֵʼѵģ봳ؿֱ֮ӽɽɣ
ͣΪ˽ʺǱرģȱһɡ
ĽͷãǾͶлλˡ
˳ҡͷֵܵľ֮ʲôлģֵܲ˿
ĽЦãǾλʦʦָˣ
使ʦܣɽڵӣ۸Ļֱӱǵţ
Ľͷлʦ㡣
Цǵ⣬˼ϻһЦຣඣ
Ľȥ˼üЦʦܣȵĻͲһȫ
ߣʦܣͦԹģǲǣһУЦʵ
˼æİ֣ʦ
ߣʲôΪɵѽ
ĽԷЦ˵Լɵģʦ⻰ίʵ˷Ц
˳ϵʦãЦ
ʦ֣ʦܲʲôЦģһۣ˼ϵСȴ˻Ȼ׼˼ϵĶ䡣
˼ӹһ٣˳ϸмһۣŤͷʦܣʦܵĿɵüβͣüüĻһǰ书ˣǿΪ𣬶µʦʦü룬Ҳ۸ඣ
ĽЦ
ʦܣ˳ü
˼æ죬Ľһ㶮ġĽԷЦʦǸ
ԸΣʾ޷ɣܽڵһţС
˳ʣʦܣɻǣң
Ľ룺ʦ׼ʱ̣
˳ϵ֮ɣʦܰźã
Ľͷá
Ȼ뿪ˮȽд˼ţȻλʦʦǸǡ
ŲӢᣬûǺȻõˣЩĽȻٳ֣һ뵽ڣһԼ£ɱʹɱɵʮ㡣
ĽдŸ绪صģһػȥ̽޺Զû˷ܡ
ڲҲмڵʵȴ磬ĽܹڣʵԵ

ĽһԴ뿪Ͽһֱҹ·ͣĽƣԼǧ
һ峿ʱ֣ǾһҹļУһɽɽﴩʮȻһɽȣǰٿһǰΧһС֡
˳ϵʦܣСǵĲҪߴˡ
Ľͷ󷨣ûʲôգֻԻˣҲûʲô
ƮƮ˰У˳죬˿ûмܹΧ
ĽಽŴţһԼһӣǰٴһ䣬çç֣һۿߣ·ֻбֱǹ׳ʯĴ
Щÿò죬ֱ
˳Ʈ⣬ҼӣĽָһӵ·ǰһ䣬ȴһˮһߣһزɵһ
˳ϷһХХת۹ԶƮһСƮƮȴٶ죬ŻһСڵ㣬ת۹˽ǰСˮ漲ӣĿͧ
Сһ׳󺺣ڵӣΣһׯںӣΨһ˫Ӿâת˲֮С
Īʦ֡˳ϱȭ΢Цֵ
ʦܣʦãʦܣףλǡĪʦĽ˫۾âһţһ绮
Ľ΢Цȭ˳ϵĪʦ֣Ǿɵ޼ʦܣǵľˡ
ĪʦֻȻͷ΢Цʦܣúãˣϴɣ
˴Сʱȥ֮Īʦֲý֣ȫ߶һǰˮԽԽĽŷﲢʲôǺ
˳վĽߣ΢Цʦû뵽ɣ
Ľͷ˵յɽ
ǲ۷ˡ˳ϵںģݸеɽս֮õġ
󷨣Ľ
˳ϵͷʦܲʦһ¿͸ȷʵ󷨡
Ľ̾ʲô󣿡
Ҳ˵˳ҡͷ
Ľıܣ˼룬ֻûɽ嵽׶󣬲˵ʲôε󷨡
˼䣬СһСǰȥڽʯнܿͣɳ̲ϡ
ɳ̲һ֣Ͽѩ׵Ļ䣬ͬһһ㣬Ľȴϵʲô
˼ЦĪʦֲ֮Խտˡ
ĪʦֶʱüЦô棿
Ȼģʹʦ֣˼æͷ
˳ϵͷĪʦֺǺЦĵҴ۲֮ҵһ
ٺ٣ǵȻ˼Ц
˳΢΢һЦ使ЦĪʦ֣ƨأ۲֮Ƿʦʤһ
Īʦֶʱ䣺С䣬ʦƨǰˣȲң
ƲƲС죬ߵ´ţˣǷʦ㣬أ
Īʦֵɴ۾â䣺ðС䣬˵ҪģҪٸʦһȣ
䲻мĵȾͱȣȥʦ˵ʱ˿ɲ׼ԹԹǸʽڣ
˵ҺʱˣĪʦֲϵ𣬴ŭ
Ľһ䲻˵ȴЦ
ƲĪʦ֣㻹Ӻɷأҵ
˭ӺɷĪʦּ
˳ϰڰ֣ʦãס죡
ߵ˶һģȥҷʦ㣡
˵һֻȥﲻӰӡ
ߣС䣬ǷʦĹӣĪʦֺ޺޵ĵ
˳ЦĪʦֺαظһʶǸСӣ
Īʦ³һ޺޵һҪӽҵĲ֮һҪʤʦ㣡
˳ϵͷĪʦһɵģ̧ܲͷȫĪʦˣ
һɵģĪʦͷ


94 
˸Īʦ֣˳˼ϴĽ֣ʱ˱ǣƢ
ĪʦֽĪ캣ϲ󺣣Ҳ֮˳ϵܡ
ĽǷʦǡ
˳¶һ˿̾ѩʦͬһ֣ڵǱѹ̧ͷڱļʤһҲõģϧʦºУʲôһѧͻᣬһ;һ
˼ҡͷ̾ϢӺɷʵû棬ʦǶ޹⣬㣬ЩʦǶֺ
ԭˡĽȻ򣬶λѩʦ绹ǹ֣㣬Ůӣǲѣһˡ
ΣϿҲ࣬ŲӢŮѹ˵ķͷǰûܴ˵
û뵽õڣųµһڣҲ㣬ʵΡ

ССʮǰʱһƬĽС¥ƽݣǴլָĽһȴһĺг
һСߣһլӺ澭ǰʱǰһ֣ˣ飬֯
ĽȻɴ۾Щ˺书Ťͷ˳ϡ
˳ϵǡǸϼ
ĽЩڵˣ
ǰ˳ϵͷ΢ЦǲǾ֣
Ľͷ˳ϵڵ˲һ֮ˣܶ˲ģҪأûнݾ
˼ϵǶڵģʦܣҲڵģҪǽڣڣܺõģ꣬һƬûɱա
˳ϵͷڽһһʮ˸ÿһ
ĽüڵӦܹ书İɣ
ڵֻһ꣬һɼûʸ񣬶һǿ֮˳ϵ
˼ϵʦܣͷһǻ񾭣񾭲ţֱʧȥʸ񣬻ţ״һҲʧȥʸ񡣡
Ľüһܴ꣬ùڵĵǣǶʮϵģʮ꿪һɽš
漴üͷһȻףǸǶŵĵǶʤǲųɡ
Щ̣˾
Ľһһβյأ
á˼ЦҡͷǾ㵹ùඣİʦܣ㲻ôùģ
Ľûôţ˵Ǻֵ£һֱ棬ΪֹԼһֱ˵һλˡ
˳ϵʵڲɣҰܺʦܣ
˼æеʦ֣Ҳ߯С˰ɣ
˳ϵ书ͣʤʤ˭
Ťͷʦ̫ܲģʱĿǳȡģʦܣƷǾǵƷȽԶš
ĽЦʦ֣ҵǿҲǽ
˳üëЩգȷʵͦҪ룬ֻñˣֻһС
ԣ˼ϸ̾
ڴϣȺӿΧС̯СʲôĶУСƷСԣеһĳ죬ĽȻص˰ҹһ㡣
ʦܣ˰ɣ˳ʡ
Ľͷ˳ϵһ֮󣬲ܲܽڣ㶼԰˴
Ľ¶ЦݣͷҲ绪ܿˣԼڣ绪ĵλˮǴߣμһٸӣҲҰ绪޸ˡ
ǰߣһ·ȺܶӶĽĴ˴к
˼ȺһլǰլλΪƫƧЩľϵ·ҵ
լҲûƽ˼ң˼úţͭŻ죬ϽǳһСţ¶۾鶯תתЦʦ֣ʦܡ
֨֨ŶһЦеվſڣЦôòŻСأ
ȥģ˼Ϻߵ
Ľһ꣬޳Σ㣬òǺӢֻеƫϣЦеĵȥʦСˣ
ߣ˼ǲޡ
˳ʣϯʦ֣ʦ𣿡
⼸߶ءϯʦֵͷĽǡ
˳ϵǵСʦ޼ɣûʦܣûˡ
ʦܣúáϯʦֵͷѡ
˳ϵʦܣλϯϯʦ֡
ĽȭݼϯЦѵһλСʦܣúȡһڣ
ĽЦŵͷ˽˴Ժ
ĽõھȻģԼĳɽȻ̫ͬá
ǰƽ̹䳡ź࣬ʱģû
ֱӴ䳡˴ǰ˳ϵʦǻˡ
һ
ĽüͷһȻ˳ϣ˳΢Цͷû˵̫࣬ȥĽಽ
ţһ֪Ůֱʣһٸϣһ鿴ݣȻ͸һɶׯơ
ʦ˳˼ϱȭ
ٸ飬биΪбֱͦׯͦΡ
һ˫תĽϣĽֻһȪƺ͸Ρ
˳ϵʦȥ߿ɳɥʦȡ
ٸףǸ޼ɣ
ĽЦЦ˳ϵʦܣݼʦɣ
ٸ̧һ֣϶Ҳˣͷˣ
Ľȭ޼ɣǰ
ʦ˳ϻҪ˵ٸ֣Źزƣ޼ɣպʲôĿҡ
Ľȭлǰ
˵û£ȴ죬˾ٲǿԼ˳ۣǱԼľ֮ء
ٸׯ䣬ʵѴ򽻵ˣ¶ģһжŹգһ˸ܲסģȻӢδ֮
ٸ˵ó϶˰źסĵط쾲겻֪ܲţˡ
˳æʦģϰţ񾭻ʦԴʦܰɣ
šٸס
˳¶ϲ飺ǺãǸˣ
ٸźú󣬹˵˵һ·ľСҲ
˳̾һڷʦˡ
˵ٸԸɡ
ǡ˳εĵͷ

ĽסںߵһСԺλüѣϱһȥ֣ƽԵҲԴֵɳ̲ϡ
뵺ϷԶʦ˺ѵլ
Ѿ֪ˣνڲĳһʮ˵ܳƣûΪţÿһδȣʮ˵Уڵ书Ųشֻʮ˵֪
˺ǹ˳˼֮ʦҲʦ˺ѻǹ˳ϵСãΪ׺
ڵĵ֮ʦȴûй̶ʦպҪʦ£һʮ˵ÿ껻һʦʮһ֡
ڵĵҪʦҪʮ꣬ʮ̹꣬ʦ
ÿһʦжžѧʤܼ֮ɣȻ书ʤתڹ档
ʦǲʵֻѡԼϲóֻ㸨ޡ
һת꣬ȷԼ·ӣȻȥϣɾ
ĽڵСᲨһλ˴ӣչͽܣĸԴѧǿһѧеĶѧǿ
Ľѧ䣬ʦӵκһˣĽѡ˹˺ѣ񾭡
ڵķʣں
ԴͶʦĵӶԣΪԽǿģ⻹ԽѣûҪһЩ
ⲻԶԣǼķǾϵģͨѧõĵһء
ܴؽĵӣܹ޳ɻ񾭣ѵʱгж̣ĽҲп
ڵӶԣһſеڵӶǱ񾭵⡣
ĽҪڣ˻񾭡

峿ĽСԺƮƮ˹˺լ⣬źȥ䳡ʮ
˳˼ϣ䣬Ī캣ϯɣʮĽϵãӳΧ쳣
䳡룬˺ѳֽվţһѩ׾װõԽĽᡣ
վţʶׯ˫ɨˣ䵽ĽϣС
ĽɨһǵĽ⣬ɢɭɭֱ͸ģ˽һֱ궨ǡ
ǵĽйŹ֣һĽͬĽϾٶ룬ֻ˺ǰ
ǰĽȭ
˺ѵͷڸ򣬳϶˵Ծˣ˵мϣɡ
ĽӦһߣһţִһԺӣСԺİ׻ɢ㣬Ƣ
һһ԰԰мɽȪľСͤԳһƬأǽȻͬһ硣
˿ȪСϪɽ䴩һȪǰ
Ȫˮ峺ףԵˮƮŰɴˮǷʯͷӳȪˮԽ峺
ˮζڡ˿ҲߣȻԵõ档
Ľ˺ѣԡ
˺ѵҪȪȥ£Ҵķ
Ľ˵ֱӿȪξӿ
мʱȪˮûؿڣͷƣЩɣһ»ֱûͷ˵
˺ѵ񾭵һҪڱڱǺ𣿡
Ľͷ˺¶һ˿Ц⣺ͺãؼһѾ˷ˣҴķ񡣡
˵ʳָѾĽüģŲ죬аƵָüģȴûжܵ˼С
ĽаţȴڵطڻԽ棬һ
Լʩչඥ֮Ȼ󣬻ΪһͼͼһƸ죬·ߡ
˺ջشָ޼ɣ⻹ڵķ⴫ġ
Ľصͷǰģ׵ġ
˺ѵ⴫ķŶҪ׷ɱģŹ棬κ˶ΥŹѾס˰ɣ
Ľͷ˺ѵǾͺãܱĵطңʼɡ
ĽƬ̣Ժеͼ񣬲ģһȻ󻺻£ůȪˮͷǰλεģ
ϱգʼ̥Ϣ׵úܣȻջ񾭵ķһһĴ߶
һʮͼ㸴ӣѾ죬һѧķȷʵͬ
һķעתȴעͷϵľת
ͷϵѨ뾭ǽ˸Ұ˵Դϵģ̫΢Сı߻ħ
񾭵ķƫƫ;ÿһѨǰããѩܴ
տЩྪŲģϸ΢ޣ˿תϸ¡
˺Ȫԣʱ֣ʱţ齥䣬ԭĶׯ˾棬˸
ĽԦתһͼǰȻȴҡģ־ѣһһǰСģתúתһȦ
һȦǰһʧͷ类һˮ£Ȼˬֺ˯һ


95 
Ľһ񣬻Ȼף⻹񾭲о񣬶죬һ˿
ӵӦ֣󣬵Ǹ֮ķ亱С
һڣõһķѾĪջ
ķ֪Ǿٴ˵飬˵ѪõΪķ֪ж߻ħ
û뵽ӣ漰ͷϵѨҪ֮飬ķ֮˼ҲǷӣ̾硣
Ľ԰ۼǻۼԣӼߣóϷ֮ˣ˵Īʰ·ģⴴ񾭵ǰͷһ
ȪһƶķУͷԽ֮ٴתķǻԽˡ
ĽΡȻɽγɵĶڴʱ޷ҡһۡ࣬ķһȦһȦÿһȦ󣬾һ֣һεĻظǿңʵ졣
ЩĽã࣬Ѿɽ򶨣һлɽڡ
֪˶ãĽ֮ʣȻˮ沨ٿۣԴ̽ˮ档
ǰȻʵ
ղŵĶǹ˺ŪԼѡ
㲻Ҫɣ˺ü˫Ŀտտǰ˼֣֮
𾪣ɫ糣ׯ΢Ц޼ɿˣ
Ľͷá
˼죿˺ʡ
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ĽЦЦ̸ϺãϲԽһУǰġ
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ĽȪһʱɾǴûʪ˺ѿһۣ㾫ĹɲʹڵҲв
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Ľ΢۾ǽȷʵж֮תܣܽĻǷصģ޶Ͼһ˿⡣
ԴĽ࣬нĸָڵĽǣںʹǽⷢӳⲻһ
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ң¼ýҲǰڵӣýװ棬㲻ġ

˿棬˫۵ɴǰһĻȷʵǵԤϣû뵽ĽĽ˾ˡ
Ī캣籩ǿУĽĽºͣ꣬ķأý
Ľƽƽ棬ٶֲ죬ȴƫƫǡôĵסĪ캣Ľ⣬׼ȷþˡ
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վǻָ죬Ҳͣǿľôǲ붨ǿЧûվǿܾʤ
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ٳһɻ񾭵ģڻӵǿᣬκǿ֡
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Ľһ£ѻɣ䶯ᲨȻ󴫱ʮ˵ڵӶ֪ڳһţܹѩȼš
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96 
峿ں԰ĽůģȪߣ˺棬ɫͷ¶顣
ʱ䣬Ľģ仯ϷŵһɣԭͨòӨӳ£һԾע⡣
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ڵȴȻ෴վȺԾĻΪ㣬ӡ
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ĽŨüüͷһ¡
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ԭˣʦˡĽȻͷ¶ϲ顣
һֱչؿޣȻ࣬ȴִ˲ƣƶתܵһһ׳̥Σԡ
˺ȴȪԱߣʱ̹עԼĵľԼίʵ࣬ȸж
˺ҡͷ΢Цܿһ³Ҳܸˣûʲôˡ
ĽʦҪԦ
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Ľͷ¶ЦݣԦ֮
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תΪʶȷʵǻ񾭴֮񡣡˺ѵͷ΢Ц㾳أԦˡ
˵ղĽ˵аʳָüģĽܱܿȴûܣɵС
Ĵָüģĸоֱ͸üģһʶԺչ
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Ľʦ֣ʦ㣬ʦ֣
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ǺãҾͺһƤէ䣬Ѿ̳磬Ϊڴ˽
ףٴξ
ĽĽѾɳĺǰɳĽҲĽؿǰȴ˰ߡ
˿ĽĽ̵ģ֮ɳĽ⣬ȻĽίʵĪ
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ýԴȭʻصɳԳڸղһС
Ľת༸ˣվһˣȴΨһŮò毺ã䲻ˣĿ


98 Ͷ
ĽŮģмֹ˺ѵʣȭƣ
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һһƮĽڰ;һãһ䣬ٱ䣬Ķ䡭һʻĽ
Ľһʻԣںƺǰһ佣ʱɢͣ͡
Ľ죬ǴݴޱȵĽȴݵĽǰˡ
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ջؽĽΣУ˺ɳһҲվ˳
Χûнвƽгս֮ӣеΣսʵ㲻ϣŶӱĽܡ
ܸоɳΣмֲ벻ƽҲĪΪʦɵһȥǧĽپĽҲû֮ء
ͨˣӽ
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Ľ΢ЦųһܵĽǰȻսʣȭá
껹ʣҡͷصɳ
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ˣȻûٴȥȭǣʮ˸һ뿪䳡϶ʱ徲˲١

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ͶԱĽԭ򣬼ȻĶĽҲ᲻Ļرңҵһ·Ապ绪ڡ


99 ң
ƾ绪ʣɻ񾭵ģÿ˶ԼļҲÿ˶зѩʡ
绪ϳˣȴҲϳˣ㲻žޣҪڣֻԼ·ӣڣٽڡ
ֻҪڴʤˣܽڣڵĵӸž֮ԶʤԼϧûԼĻԵ
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Ľڹ˺ѵլʦͽڼɽСͤģһˮ¹⣬һߺȲʡ
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Ľݻþ޷԰Σ򷢳ԣһϺȽ亰ѣþ
֮ԽԽѣѣҲѣԽ󣬻þԽʵ˵߲㣬ѷֱʵã˵ھŲ㣬ǻþʵʵΪʵΪãѽ份ѡ
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ĽеŭҲҡҡͷʦ̫Ըˣ֡
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˺ȻϻۣܳΪڵĽţֱָģǴûõģҪ˼룬ԽִԽɻ񾭣ĽܲµõѩһǸ֮ˣ
ǱԦĻɽĲ֮ߣǼѡ
㹻ǿ󣬾ǾҪ㹻ǿı䣬뽣ںϣ㼴ǽ㣬Уȱһɡ
ķѣܿѧᣬܹһɽȴﲻɣ񲻹ԦܼԦѪٳΪƲסлԶûбķӣֻۣͨΪΪǿϣ
תʱ䣬һ¹ȥԦûʲôĽչ

峿件СԺһϮƮƮһž˷ܵĵʦܣߣ
Ľ֣ͣȥʦ㣬ôˣ
Ǵƣ˵һɣеԱͬ˿ӰƵ
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ǵȻඣ򲻹ʦģȻĵͷ
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Ľͣڴʱ˴ҴҶɿ˴ţ䳡ϡ
ĽЦ֣
ЦеĵһֵĴս˭ƣʦܣúüͣ˵ܴùʦأ
⻰һͬĿ˵ǹ
ĽҡͷЦЦʦ㣬ǻǽȥɣ
ڰС֣ЦеĵȴﶼٱȲ٣ִɲ
Ľ̾ô˰ɣһԡ
˷ܵĵ˴ȣûôأ
Ľ̾˿εҡҡͷֻˣ˵Ĺ򣬲ͣ˹Ҵҽ䳡
Լ˰ʱĽʦ㣬˰ɣ
ٶڵ䳡Уԭտ䳡һ±֣Ľߣ
䲻̫Ӧһ²ӣĽ΢Цͷ߹ÿһС·롣
վһѩŮӣԼжʮ꣬һɣɣߣĽ֪Ƿѩˡ
ʦ㣬件ĵ
˺վڷѩߣһ˼֣΢Ц޼ɣʦ㡣
Ľȭ΢Цʦ㣬ʦ׹
ʦܣáѩͷȪĿĽѪϡ


101 ׷ɱ
ĽоĿеĵȻһвӫģⲻǹȻǹĵǾ񾭿ĵĮ
ɻ·һΨңһңĽߵǵһ·ǿľ붴һеĿ⣬͸սѩʣߵǵڶ·һнԻãΨִܿƻ࣬ɻ񾭡
ĽԺ棬֪ʲôʹѩľľǿƺ쳾УûشĴ̼ˡ
ĿͣѪƬ̣䵽Ľӣʦܣְɡ
ĽͷγѪʦ㣬ˡ
һ㣬ƮƮ̳ٶ죬Ҳʹƿս⣬ỺѾǰ
һ죬ѩĽںǰסѪ⣬
סˣ˷˷ܡ
Ľ֮ʣһ⣬õڶһֱѩܲܵסһ
˵֮ʤûΪѩӮȻѩΪܸ֣޼ɽ̫ûʹʦʦǵĽҲ
ǷѩԦмʤ㡣
ĽƮһˣȻý
Ľȴ죬ƿ߽ݾѩܵס治һ¾ͳԽˡ
˴ˣѩһƮڰʱһһ⻮ѾĽǰ
Ľһ㣬ײĽƮƮѩ˺Ĳϸϸüë
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ĽֽӹµѪУ̧ͷ˹˺Цӯӯ۲Цʦʦ鴫ʤһ
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ڼ˵еķɽ֮Ǵ۽磬һǻζã޷
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⵹٣ҿʦܽϹţҲҪģҲˣܿ׷Ϸʦˣ
Ǵ۽磡ɽ˵磬ǧ֮ȡ׼ʱֻڵϣɽңǻҲҲ񣡡

Сһ㻹ϧأ˺ѴĽ˼ɽϵСͤأһ˺ѱЦебһۡ
Ľ˫һð磬ִյ˫ַϣЦеĵʦγԣ
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˺һڲѩˮףʾҲǲףҲġ
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˺Ц̰Ĳˣ貨ʵרΪںߵģһĴˣĻᡣ
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ĽͷдеĺᲨԽԽСĻΪһСԲ뿪Ұ֮⡣
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ݵͼǹ˺ǻﺣϳн֮⣬һֱᣬ޿̡
ڶΧĿƿɢʵܣʲô˶ʮ˵֪֪ףһоա


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һ֮ɱνѩԻȴʧ侲ȫԶһ˿ɱȣȷʵʤһ
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Ӳ˺ᵶնأܿ컺飬ӽٵ
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ڿкᵶһնѷɵɳȥתʧɳ̲ߵ
ѩɫ԰ף˫纮ǣԶȥߣź촽һ


104 
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Ľвܵס㣬ֻܵһʱʱ䲻ܳ־ãѩɫ̫


105 
顱Сغ棬ӿСһմߣ˲ʮ⣬Ӳ籩Ϯ
Ľ˫һʱһεγ״סСۣ籩걻档
ѩʱһȥ˻ݽߣѣΡ
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Ķǻ񾭣ͬԴһ񾭵죬žһҲͬʱήңһ㣬ű
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106 
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񾭵ķˮʵǿԵͬһеķ
߾񵶰ķศɣֻҪʽ׼Ұ˳ķ浶Ȼת졣
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ĽʦʦǵĻ̫ǳбľѧʹûҲӵõ
ѩҡҡͷ˵ˣ㲻ֵĻǾӲģѾ˾УЩɳ¡
ĽЦЦЩɳֶνթȷʵʤóǶ˺սһϾ鷳Ǹηģһֽѣϲ
⵹ǹ¡ѩףĶƾڵĸӦʲô޷ù˺սܲСġ
ֵ˵Ͽ뱾Щϣȥ˻᲻Ϊѣ
ĽЦϿΪΪµһɣƫƫ⣬ûʲô£ŭȥɱɳĻȻǻӭġ
Ǿͺáѩͷ
Ľɳи֣ܲЩʦģֻΧɱһЩ
šѩͷ

ʮ֮ǳڿϿ
ϦѿϿȾõɫ䳡ɷ֣Ľѩĳȴ䳡ʱ
˷ɿȥƽЦӭӣ˻û˵仰ŲӢҴҶԽ޶ˣ߸ź飬һϮѩɻ
ŲӢŵԶԶı㽿ЦСʦܣôͻǲǱϳ
ĽЦʦ㣬һ
λǡŲӢȻѩ
ĽǷѩʦ㣬ھŴӵһˣʦ㣬ǹŲӢʦ㣬ʦ㡣
ѩˣһȻɢӨ󣬹ŲӢޣȴѷɫһҲȴǴļãѩֲͬƣһʱѷָ¡
˼񣬶λѩŲӢǿúܣڣĽСʦûʲôɫ
Ľ֣ȴûʣǽӴѩֱӻ޺⡣
޺ǰϣúܣĽһ֣һվСӣôˣ
Ľ޺һۣûʲô仯Ͼʱж̣޺ûʲôĵ£һ쵽о󷨡
ĽЦʦһѾڣΪʽˣ
СӣϷˣ޺üЦ򣺡˵СǸ˶
ĽЦҵʦ㣬ŴӵһˣС
Сӻ޺ⲻŵʡ
Ľͷö࣡˻񾭵ġ
޺ʱ̾ڵĻ֪ǿķ
Сӻ޺ʡ
ĽԼɱɳ˵ˣ޺ҡͷѣСǻͷɳĸ֣
Ľʦģа
޺ⲻΪȻߣһǹô죿
ĽҺ룬ǲǲʲôƣɱˡ
š޺˪üһæ£˵Ҳˣ
ĽͷôµģԿҽгҲеˡ
ڼ޵Уڲ֪λǰΣ˺Ѿֻ֣ɳˡ


109 
ʵãѾһֻ̤ʦˣܻɺ󣬾γʶؼһ
Լ̶̫Ҫúĥнռ䣬ս뿴ɳЩֵĵϸ
޺СӣҪСģŪɳ׾ǰһ
ĽЦʦİɣ͹ˣҲصȵڡ
⵹е޺ͷߵС书гڣ
Ľڵķȷʵ
ʢ֮ʿµһѵǰ׽еģ޺ƲƲ죬ɣ
ĽЦȷʵȻҲûӹһɳ֡
ǵСģ޺ҹҲԹɳĿҪȻҲôͷԵġ
ĽЦҡҡͷڸߵ⣬£ΪŹ棬ǳԹʲôϰ£ʮ˵ϵУǲµϰߡ
κһ˵ǰ㻷Ҳᱻĥľȥһ˼רע书ȥ֮ˡ
Ľֻ˼£Ҳ⣬οһֱڵϵڵǡ
޺ֵöŰɣ
ĽЦȻš
޺ؼʱͿǶˣˣܻ
Ľüͷһô
һ޺⽻ʱɲô˵ֻ˵Σȴû˵ܻȻŲ
޺ߵɲǱĶݷñöݷ
ĽһˣöԷʹãݷֻһΡ
˷ȻǼģһίʵϧ
Ľӻȡöݸ޺⣺ʦŰɡ
Ҵõţ޺ڰ֣ͷĵţҿʲô
ĽЦҲбµģò
С޺ڰ֣һۣСӱˣҪ̳ġ
ĽЦЦǣҼˡ

ĽСԺ磬ŲӢ飬ĽСͤȻĺȲƷ
Сʦܣû뵽ִһ˶ŲӢЦȻڵƹԽ޶ˡ
ĽЦʦ㣬һй𣿡
ŲӢߵ֮Ӳҵ۾Ǹɫļһ
ĽҡͷЦʦԩˣ
˵û˼ŲӢߵ
ĽӣЦĸ˲˶ʦ㣬ʦ㣬Ǿɫ˶˭˼Ͳˣ
ӴСһôĵӣͷŲӢЦһۣ컬࣡˵˵ɣﵽûû˽飿
ĽЦʦ㣬ʦװ׵ģŮ˽ģ
ߣŮȴţŲӢߵ
Ľεĵʦ˼ϣһҪԽǰˣԶŮ˽鲻мһˣ
ģŲӢ޳üë
Ľæͷ
ŲӢҡͷ̾Ǹɵ
ĽʧЦʦ㣬ʦǾģǿ͸˺쳾͸ЩˣԲŻ˰ɡ
ǵҲǡŲӢͷ
Цҡҡͷ
ŲӢĿ䵽ϣЦҲһˣҲմȾŮ˽ģ
Цʦ
ŲӢЦʦҲǿ͸Щ˵ıԣԲмһˣʦܣҲһ
ĽЦʦ뷨֮
ŲӢһۣʦҲõʦðɣ
ĽЦȻ
һۣЦҡҡͷ

Ͽ⣬ĽѩվţһɳĮѩҡҡͷмָп
˶ŻΧĻɳΪһ塣
峿̫ɳĮϣɢɭɭɳĮҹǽȻͬڣǺ
ĽЦʦûɣ
û뵽ô纣һ㡣ѩͷ
ĽźʵܷˣǻãƽȴǽһСľͻ·һ·ѻųɳڣû˹ˡ
ɳʲôӣѩʡ
ĽЦЦܿϣʦҪСģ
ѩγĳĽҲγ˵ĵСͬĽĸѩСһš
ĽѩһЩ񾭵ķëϴ裬Ҳ󣬳ϣһö廨롣
ƮƮǰȥżɳǳǳһۼ
һһٶûɳĽЩ֣ѩҲ֣Ҫʣ飡һ죬ɳ𣬰˸ɳ˳ʳ
Ľʦ㲻飬ǳġ
ѩĿһۣ⻯Ϊһɫƥӹ˵ĺ
˻Уɳ㵸ŵɳȥһѪ顱һ䵽ɳ
ĽЦƯ
ҲӵһӣһƥĸɳĺǶʱźŤڵ
ĽԵոʤһһһʯӻˮɺҪ
ѩ״һӭɳһӹǺҲźŵ¡
ĽЦ
Լѣһ¾ֱѧˡ
顭һУɳﲻͣӿɳת۹ʮ۵ߡ
ĽҡҡͷɱЩɳʵûʲô˼壡
ãѩӦһȴͣһһңΣɳİΧһ·
ṦٶޱȣЩɳö׷ǵĴѶżǰж½صġ
֪Уɱ˲һٶɳѩԽĽԵҲϼ
뽣ֲֻͨͬҪҵ߲ͬҵͨڻ򵽵֮
һ˶ѶȣԼߣȴ׵úܣһʩչһ뽣ӡ֤졣
̫ûʮĽҡͷ̾
ɳİΧУӵ磬һ˵ͥŲ̬֮ΧΧɳ񲻴ڡ
˵ЩɳȷʵвޣȻצж岻ķ֮ء
ѩɳиô
ĽɨһΧɫ΢䣺Сģˣ
˵ŻǰһһӰ֣һ죬ѩĵһ£Ľæһչ⣬ס󣬽ûɳˡ
һξݵɳѩһȭͷһȭһȭڷѩϡ
һһ뼫γǿҵĶԱȡ
Ľûֻ֣һѩסɳǳ϶룬һ߹ǶΡ
ɳħǳȭͷ뵶ײȻˣȻ壬ѩԵǿᣬʾǿǿԹ
Ľüͷ߾µľǿԽǿʮй󣬷ѩĵԽͬɳãŹ
ɳɫڣΨһ˫Ӿâ˸ǣ˲ֱӣȭͷ㣬һһڷѩĵϡ
ȭͷٶ죬ȴϢ͵ϮĻѱܹѩĽ˻񾭣о񣬷ܹ㡣
Ľǰ뷢ֺѣȴףԶԶܲǻ񾭵Ĺ͡
һϣĽѩĵԽԽ̾
һ죬ѩһնɳɳʱˣɫһ˫Խɭ䡣
ĽЦʦõ
ѩ΢΢һЦɳ֣ɳ˺Ҳɵ֪κβĽԲ
ǲνȴŷѩĿƣǿ⡣
ɳȻ漴һһݽɳҪݶȥ
Ľ־ŹһϿĵϣһһ
͵Ļӵڵϣ顱һɳӷ׷ɣһǰһֱ׿⡣
飡ʧɳһ·Ǵһ˿Ѫ˵ħǹ룬ԱĽš
Ľһǵڰʮ⼸ĹѾ˵ڰʮǼ򵥵һȴؼھ죬ܸɽţ
ɳħȴûԽղĵزһڹƤϣĽһҲ˲
õѩ̾
֪ɳǶǹ˾û뵽ʦһϳһǵڰʮ
¸пʦܸʤһԼڤ˼룬ûͷʦѾʩչˡ
ĽЦҶѣ
ɳĨһǣ۾һʧԭأĽӵһһ죬ɳȭͷ뵶ཻ
Ľ磬һһ£˲乥һٶ൶ÿһɳȭͷͬһλá
ɳȭͷ¶ɭɭ׹ǣѪֱ
ʦ㣬νˮʯӲĻҲֲסĽһ߻ӵһ˵
ѩͷĽĵλá
˵ףȴѣҪԵֶ֮Զֵ죬ÿһͬһλãʯͷͬһλãȴʯͷ
ĽһԹƣѾɳÿһͬһλãʵһƵͬһ
ݵɳ˫۸Ŀʵʣȴ޿κΣĽǰʧЧˣһ£һҪߡ
˫ֽһ͵Ǵԭݵӱ˿󺺣ȭͷϵ˿ڻϡ
Ľüѩɫ΢䣬û뵽߷Ǳǲ٣ֱȬ˿ڵȴ
ɳһֽУصһĽǰĽһն£ʱȭͷû뵽ȴȥ
Ľû뵽һУӦվȭӰѾĽ֮£ֻܻȭӲӡ
飡һУĽȭͷɳײεˣɫ
ʦܣѩе
Ľҡҡͷ˦˦ֵӲȭͷ
ɳȷʵթħɢȥһ֮õǶ壬ʱħ䣬Ѻᵶס
ʱɳȷʵ£Ľһû϶Ѿþֻӭȭͷĺ
ɳȭͰԵȴҲϾ
ɳüĽɭ˸
ءٴιֽУٿһµ˷ѩ
ĽЦӵ£ͷһУȭͷײƲȭͷ
Ľӵ磬նȭӰɳȭͣȴʧ鶯
ˣӲסίʵ̫ˡ
ѩ࣬վȻӵһɳ顱һ·˳ȥ
Ľ̾õ
һԼǰʩչİʮʩչһҪû뵽ѩһ±ˡ
ɳɳʮ⣬֮һɳУҪûߣĽһسɳʧӵն¡
飡ɳ˳Ѫ˫Ѿ졣
Ľһǰһǿ֣ʹɳʩչطܲסҪĽѩһն磬ȴϢǵڰʮ
飡ɳ˳ȥĽһָһն
ÿһǵڰʮʮ֮ɳڵȥĵĵŵŽţ
ɳһɢĽҲᡣ


110 Դ
ĽܣҡͷЦȥǰɳֻܱߴӣӲӲ
ȷʵѩһѾɳҡͷû뵽ɳ˳̶ȡ
ĽЦⲻģǶְˣһĸֱµöࡣ
ѩʡ
ĽͷһΣС
ѩأл𣿡
Ľ룬һս
ѩǿоˣǿġ
ĽЦá
˽ߣһ·ϵúܣЩɳǰ֪ϢԱܶݺ硣
ĽɫȴԽԽѩҲŽ߳ʮ֮˶һ٣̧ͷȥһ֮⣬ĸɳվĿһȴǰ
Ľתͷʦ㣬Сˣ
áѩ
ĽЦͷ
һɺﲻΪ˻һɳĸӻȡݸѩ
ѩԵĽӹʦܣǡ
ĽЦǶݷΣʱˣȻŲƵ𴦡
㲻𣿡ѩʡ
ĽЦеĵһһö
˵ŴӻͳһöЦǧҪǿɾߣ
ðɡѩ˻ȥ
Ľ뻳һԼû˺֮ǣݷֻһöԼöһѰˣʦ㲻󷨣ԿʡԼһࡣ
ѩջأǰʦܣɣҲٳ֣
ɱľ̫ȱһ·ƴջ࣬Ե򶼸һ㡣
ĽͷʦСġ
˼ӿٶȣԽԽ죬һʱѩεʣ볤Ϊһ壬׺ա
ɳӭȭӰֹȭͷ볤ײ
ĽüĸɳǰǸ֣ǸξݣĿ£ɰͰ͵ֻʣ¹ͷһƤˡ
ɳһ꣬ٿʧԭأĽεʣ΢۾˵λá
飡شӷѩȭͷ׹ѩġ
Ľĺᵶ˲⻪תȴûгһ·ѩǱԼѣһţͨĥ»âɡ
ѩסɳ͵Ϯܵóѣɳȭͷ֮ЩԲס
߾񵶸ͰԵǿԽǿԽԽ£֮£ѩĵԽԽлΪⱩǣɳΧн·磬ȴ֧Ų
ĽһԸ̾ѩǱ澪ˣԽǱȣǱӵԽ֡
šĽüȻһն¡
飡һ죬һɳԾȭͷ˲伴硣
Ľӵնȥɳȭͷһƺһӡһȭٵٶȸ졣
ĽᵶһȭͷеɳƽƽĲԶǰ
Ľ۵ɳ°
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˿ɳħĻѾƤϣҪʰඣѷԼ
ءɳֽһٴһȭͷѾĽǰޱȡ
Ľһ׼֣ӵ£һ죬Ľ׿ɳ˺ȭͷ
Ľһ߾񵶵ڰʮףھֱӸƤΡ
ĽһƵɳȭ
Ľ࣬һһԽԽᣬԽԽʮԽӦ硣
ɳƵòͣˣȭֱмܡ
飡һ촫Ľ˸飬͵Ťͷȴһɳӷѩһȭġ
Ľ֮´󼱣һڷѩǰһ뻳һֻӵ˻ڵС
ѩǴѪ¶һ˿ЦûܷˣǴˣһֱΪǲˡ
Ө£ǵѪޣĽȻŭǣȭӰԱն
һʹǰʮһľһŭ֣ŭնǬա
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ĽƮ磬˵ٶҲǱߴߣ߾ٵˣվԭһ㡣
Ľһ߻ӵһ߰עģһȭͺݶȭʵֱӻķΡ
˷ѩܹ̥ϢԿڱǺһˣһ¾ݽߣձ
Ľһ߰һ߻ӵ磬ת۹ʮȥɫ΢䣬ǰһɳ
ˢˢվţûųɶУվþܽȥ֣Լ
ĽЦҡͷһУ
ѩưڱֻȻ̫׽ʱȴ˲ôࡣ
Ťͷһƣüô࣡
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һҪɱôˣǾѹ
ĽǸģ;ɢ
ô죿ѩʡ
ĽֻˣһʵޣסǣеǱ˵ȥˡ
Ӻáѩ΢΢һЦ
һ˵ĽĵⲻͣԽ죬ʮʮʩչټǰʮһУ
Ľ׵ĻѾɳίʵѶԸǲʲôʽǼ򵥵ĳȭٶȿ󣬶˶࣬ŪòӲûбķš
ǿᣬ˼ɣͳ˻ˡ
һֱûͣ½£ĽӣϲǣҪɳʱȻһתȥ߱ȥ
һٶ֮һתϣȻһ﷽ԲȦӣٶɳǸմߡ
ѩл񾭴ףڳˣʱ֮Ѿָ֮£ɳʱ·硣
Ľ֣ӦһսȻͻȻ֣ɱɳĸʱ·硣
ѩԽԽǿĽֳɱһɳ֮Ҳɱɳ˵ڰʮ

ҹǡ
峿θθȻ
һƬְΧһСͤСݣСͤǰһ䳡һ紵
ī̾װľɫŮƣӯƮݣ絸ϧûбˡ
绪죬£Χ֮һ赸
ǺǡһЦ
ʱһͣæŤͷȥĽЦվСͤǰ
޼ɡ绪ʱס
Ľһ絽ǰЦþò
绪ɫã֮ȥϲߵ㻹֪
ĽЦԭΪҪһ֮ء
绪ʡȷʵҪһܳɽģίȴͣķڣƲס㲻͵͵ѽ
ĽҡͷЦۣЦڳڵӣԴɽˡ
绪һδûĵô죿
Ľʮ㣬ڱϾµһɣʮһͽܣһκû˴ء
ĽЦðɣô벻Ϊڵӣ
ҡܳ𣿡绪ʡ
ĽָָСͤСͤĽ̾˲٣з£
绪һ仰ʱգ˵ļһԼʲôգÿ춼ҪԺӰӣίʵࡣ
ݺݰһۣٷϻ˵û˽ȥǸûôôΪڵӣ
ӻ˺ôѼڵ鱨ָƣǵʷԨԴսһһĴУμһҪ˽⡣
֪ڵĹأڵڣҪڴʱ򲻳Ϊһ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪ÿδȣһĵҪΪڵĵӣֱӽģһ˼Ҫٽȥඡ
û˻˶ףЩǸ۹ܱһֱڣûˡ
ĽЦŽԼľ˵һ绪ĿѣԣԺָпû뵽Ľʡ
ĽЦ˵Ҳңýȥˣǻʡףһȥ
ҡ绪һ£ҡҡͷһǲȥˡ
Ľɫٱ䣺š
绪æȥ˴㣬ҵʿɲɣɲڵġ
ĽüǾڣڱõö࣬Сϣ͡
绪һڣͲܳˣǲǣ
ĽĬȻڵӽɣڵ˵Ҳɣһʵڳ̫鷳ˡ
ʮ˵ֻϵ
绪Ҳ
Ľ̾˿ЦҡҡͷԭΪ绪ϼμӦʹޣͲԶ߸߷ɡ
ȴԼˣŮ˼ĺ⡣
绪æɽģǲǣ
ڵĹ˽ϾҴ壬Ϣ㡣
Ľͷ绪ܽ书ٻǡ
Ľ̾һչأҪܾã˵Ҳ
ʲôĵģ˭ҵ绪ڰС֣ЦһڣμҲʵ˺ܶࡣ
ĽЦڵȷʵģؼǼλǰ׳٣һһ֡
һһʱ嶯Ҫ޸ˡĽЦ
绪ʱȴһۣǿɫ˵ʲôѽھǽ踸׼Ҳң
ĽĹϵμ˲֪ҹǶ֪Ҳ˵׼޲޵⣬˭Ȣһ⡣
ڵӵţǻˡ
ĽЦãǺðɣȻȥҾͲǿúʦȥɡ
ʦ㣿绪һ飿
ĽͷʦҲǽݹˣһڣˮ
㡭绪ָȴ˵
Ľɫ֪˼ȴܲ˵º֪ǿ˲á
Ľһʮ˵ʦһȥ֪һ뵺֮Զ
绪ЦôԶĵطƾܲúù޼ɣǸ
Ľæԩˣ
˵ŻȻЦС㣬һλ˵޼ɵʦ㡣
ʦ㣿绪ŤͷĽ
ĽЦǣǷѩʦ㣬һһɳʶ
绪ߵ룡
Ľһۣȥˣ绪ҲҴҶȥĽĽҡͷһߡ
ѩƮƮվθǰĽ绪ӭż绪һѩҲԴһ쳾ߵҲ졣
绪ѩ˷ɣ¸գȴ΢Цӭѩ԰źСԺ
׵صСԺʱҲĽ
Ľ޿κΣ˵˼䣬λʦǲŮ˽ģֻ֮ͬ꣬Լ޶Ů˽顣
绪ĿҲó֮ûʲôѩòܸовûʲôѱҲûʲô
Ľͷ۲ѣ绪ӹ°ּˣ˵˾ͲˣһԲҲһۣˡ
Ľθʮ죬ȴ㿪ˣڶ㲻ӰĽûҵֻܴ


111 ͽ
ʮȥĽεķˣ֪ǳĶԼҲġ
ȥ˿Ͽȥ̫ãȥμׯ֪ĵطұˣԲӰ
֪׷Ǿ뿪´λ˵´θͻȻϮܶš
뿪θȥ磬ƮƮɣع˼ɾףΪٶ̫죬˿ǣֻӰһΪۻ̫档
峿һֱƳϣԴԴѷϾģ˰ҪϢ
ѩ˻񾭣ëϴ裬ԶʤˣϾŮ챡ڹ˼һ
ͣһһľͷܣӳӰ͸죬ָһ㵭֬
˶ܣ濾ֻӣðͣϣ
Ľ񣬷ѩתӣΧˣϷ
ѩһ̧ͷĽ΢Цι°ɣ
Ļ̌ͷ۲ӯӯȪһ㡣
ĽҡͷЦοɰˡ
ѩ΢ЦιƯֲϲ
Ľҡͷϲ绪ɲƯ£ҲǻԵɺϣνԵ
˶ӣնòûôעأ̫Ůڶںܶģ̫Ů֮ʡ
绪Ǹмϧְ䣬ȴǸŮƢ̫á
ѩ㲻üųӦҵߣôһߣʲô
ĽЦʲôۣ
֮ġѩЦ˵ιﲻˣǺ˵ģʱɼ
ĽҡҡͷЦʦ㾫ͨŮ֮飿
ѩһۣ˵ʲôأ˵ġ
ĽЦ֮£ˮů֪һͺˡ
ΪҰɣѩ
Ľͷǣʦ̫ˡ
ûһ£ѩʡ
Ľҡҡͷ̾ԽԽ˵飬ûõģУ˰ﲻˡ
ѩ̾Ƕˣ
Ľһۣͷֻֿ֮ǺŪ壬һεĶֵţ޷
׷ѩ⻰٣ɻ񾭺󣬾ǿᣬУкǿĿһ¾ĲصĻвѹȥɱѿ֮ʣѶ顣
˿ȴţ벻㲻飬ǾͲиˣⶫûеɽġ
ĬȻ»ˮԾӳ粻

̤֮϶һСк񵺣Ϊÿ궼Ҫһκһ
׼һȥ˵ʮǡ෴λãżԶ
ַǷΨһһҿջʱȴ֪û˷䣬ΪҪкΧǶ֣Ͱѿջˡ
ջƹܿ飬ǽһ˼ңס죬Ǯȿջˡ
˴ӦˣһĿ֮ңһţһʮСкͬá
ֻһ᷿˳һ£ҲӦˣ˲£Ϣʤ˯
һӺܿ飬˼ò˴ˣǵһСޣĽѩҲ͡
ҹɫӿΧĽѩһһԷԭֻе㣬Ů˺ӲĽһţǲһ£һɷ֡
ҵϴվ˫־룬ǺЦҾһ룬Ǹϴ֣˵ʲôھˣ
ĽЦϴˣãˣ
һײȻһǺЦʮкһԿֱ죬ÿҪˮˡ
ĽǺЦСֵҲһ룿
öԷСʮʵѾСİСʵڲ꣬ǸС
СĲɣȲþơϴҡҡͷ
Сæܺȣ
Сһ˫鶯һ֪Ǹˣ̫ڴΪ˼˵ʵڲɡ
ϴðɣţͺһ롣
Сæ룡
ϷҡҡͷεȥǸһ㣬Ůˣռá
ϴЦеĿţͷθݣһ֪Ǹɫ
СֵϡĽЦСĵһơ
̳Ľĺþƣ˱ǣҲСʵˡ
С˫ֶ룬һƵϷһ˿
ĽŤͷЦʦ㣬㿴Сһʲô
ѩ˸ξɣ
ĽͷЦǴСµĲ
ף˻ҽϴʱϲɴ۾СĵĲ𣿡
Ľʦ㣬˵أ
һɹ򡣡ѩúˣʱࡣ
СģʦϴһСĺףȵ
Сĳһ£۾תתЦҰλΪʦѽ
ĽЦŰڰ֣ʦɲأǲͽһǳɹ򣬾ǵԵݡ
ôʣϴæ
磬ߵĵλߣķҪƽõ书ķס
ĽЦԵɣʦ㣬㴫ɡ
ѩͷ֡
СĹԹԵĹѩѩ䣬һֻԶ۲ܿʹǰҲƶһ㡣
СĶĽ׽ֻеӣû˾ŮӣĽӵɷĽǼʡ
ѩǰһŵ㣬СĽƵһǺ죬ɬֽţˡ
ͷĿԡ
ѩܴǳÿһΣÿΰʱضʱ
ǡСĵü˳Ŀ
ѩаƵʳָСüģ˫һͣĹ
ѩƬ̱֣Сġ
С۾ã֮ɫȥлʦ
ѩ㲻ҵӣسʦúúˣȬǿ
ǣС˷ܵĴӦһ
ԺѾһһߣƶ֪ôղŷѩѾ˼ΣעһֻҪܿš
ĽЦϴ磬ǺȾƣ
ϴæֵúϲ£죺ǺǣúãȾƣǲ֪ôлˣ
˵Ѿܶҽ˵βˣκó䣬ϧûǸ£ûʦ
ĽЦСǸӣгϢġ
Сĵӣ𣿡
ĽЦеĵô㲻ϣķˣῴһúɽýϵ߲ź
СĵȤҲ뵱ߣ
ĽЦ߲ûȤΣգСϹƽҲ벻
ߣ书Ҫ۸СƲƲ죬߷ߵкˣ
Сס죡ϴæ
Ľüͷһ£
СĲϴɫѽȥʱκǿɻˣֻǴģҪȻҲҪɱˣ
Ľĺ
֪Сҡҡͷߵǿ󴬾ѶˣɱˣֱǿɶҪǻ书һҪʰǣ
Ľѩһۡ
СĽŵӣߣ壬᲻ܰɣ
ĽͷȻ
Сͷǵ书ôﺣģЩ󴬶лߣȴ򲻹ǣ
ĽЦЦðɣ˵
ϴæСı˵Ǻкӣ˵
СĽеĺ˵ˣ㲻Ҳۿɱ˶ᴬô
ĽЦеĵϴ磬֪ˣû뵽Ҳкǻǲš
ƽϰ˵ʲôνҲôǣЩҵù˶ڣлʵʧһЩҲûʲôϴҡҡͷ
ϴһֱЦеĲŴʱȻһĿ⣡
ϴе
ϴߵιǣ˴󻧣ֵܿˣ
ô죿ϴҡҡͷɱûǸ£
Сĵҽѧ书һҪɱ⣡
ĽЦСֵ־գʦ㣬ٴСһһеܲá
šѩͷ
СĴϲæȭлӣ
ĽβʦģʦҲǰˣԷѩԾĽ֮
ѩա
СæݣĽڰЦϴ磬ǺȾƣϷˣϴ
ǶŷѩСĵıӰҲȥĽһкʡҿġ
һӣѩСĻСĽƵϷź󣬶ͷһ㺹飬ȴ˫۷Ź͸˷ܡ
СһʻáѩĽߣ
ĽһۿСһʲһڳлȻһ
Сĵˣҹ㵱ͽ𣿡
ѩҡҡͷ
СĶʱ𣿡
ѩһеɹպٹΡ
Сһ˷ˣܵͽˣ
ѩ˵ɡ
ĽЦеĵСֵܣֻҪˣҰ飡
лӣСĴϲ
Ȼ׹Ϊʦӻֺǲ̫ܣһ֪ϲ໰ϲ֮¡
ɵǰ̳ĽָƣȻԼһ룬˫ֶЦҾһ룬лӴȱ
ܸо࣬ƮƮҪ֪˵Ĺͣ׻ӡ
ĽЦСֵ˵žҪպˣҪ͵Ҫ¿࣬ջгɾ͵ġ
ǣлӣС֣صĵͷ
ϴҲĽѩǺһھƱˣϲƣϷ˰ϴȴǸ˵ģѩһûһġ
Ľѩص᷿˵ŵƣϥڿϣ档
ϵʪԼҼһӣܹʱȺģ
ʦܣΪͽѩʡ
ƹµķѩޣ۲תǣĽҲ뻳ĳ嶯
ĽҡҡͷЦ뿴컯Ρ
Ҳͽġѩ
ĽЦʦ㣬иͦõģһЩ¶ˣרѧ
̫ġѩü
ĽЦеĵԵҸģСһǸʡĵġ
ѩǿ˵ɡ
ĽЦʦʧģȷʵǸӡ
Ϊβѩ
ĽҡҡͷСһ㣬ңǿá
ѩһ߾񵶣ɡ
ĽЦ̫СȵȿɣǴ˵˵Ѿлˡ
Ըˡѩ


112 
ʦѵãʵõĵӱʦѵãǰǸ߷壬Ǵ룬ǰʣѰ
ĽĿСʼѣ䲻ԼҲ࣬ԼѩҲԵѵãлԵҲѡ
СĸѩӲǿˣҳΪѩͽܣΪͽûʲôǲһ˳֡
ôСһﴦ£ܸרѧʡʡٺòԼٳɡ
ѩһ˼ҡҡͷʵڲϲͽܣֻһ˾оѧ
ܾĽ˸߲ҵӣͰѻˡ
ﰲúţ϶С͵յƹЩ谵ѩɫˡ
ѩɢϢʹڿ仯ĽûԷѩģȴϲһϲ㡣
˵ϢһᣬĽ۾ʦ㣬ҲкΪڡ
ɱǣѩ
Ľͷɱǣĵһ׷˵Ҳỳʲô
ѩһ£ͷһԡ
Ľҡͷ̾һֱС˺ΣʵǼʹΪڣҲҪѷ˵ģããѰкֻ˷˵
ѩͷСһҲидǱԼĸɶ񣬸ӦôϵģԼһ书壬Ща֮ǰ书
ԣҪʰ˷˵Ľߵ
ѩ˵Ҳ޹ġ
Ľǵ٣Ҫϴ齨һɣס˷˵
˵Ȼס죬
ѩ֪뵽ʲô⣬
ιĽ¿ӣⲽػصߣʮͣסŤͷʦ㣬뵽һ⡣
šѩͷʾ˵
ĽǿǱ˵Ūʵûٴɱ䲻١
ѩ˵һֱȻ񣬾ǽңôŪʵġ
ĽЦҪǵֶඣİɣа취ģ׷ҵߣ˵
áѩͷ
Ľ´ݣգ˲Ծŷ

ǰ죬ĽѩС棬Ҫչ֮ȥ˵
Ǵûм˵֣Ȼܴʶĺûᣬ֮ʣСĵ򵼡
ѩڴķʱͳһСȴޱȣʡȴĿ๦ּãһϣʱɫãԭĽȥ˴롣
Ҳ˵ϴϴﾪϲӣѩҲܾ棬û뵽֮ãز
ʺûжжأڵǽǣеĽӦеĲʺϣʹҲɾޡ
оԣ߾Ǹ־Ʒʣרע̶ȣרעǿȣľȵȣҪۺϿ
һֻܿǺûкܶǺõĵӣ书ȴһģؼרע
Сĵէһ㣬С־ȴǿĽΪˣСò֪ķ֮֮ȫԸ
СļԷѩԽĽС棬ȤСһЩ䡣
峿˼ţѾַǳǶӿȥｫк
Ľѩ˳ǰߣСȴӼѾȺȥػغܶΡ
ϴ˶ûϷҲϡ֣ϴҪȥæȥ˺ߣæ̨ӡ
ȺǰΧ۷׷ףҳҶ̣ǰյ¡
ĽѩһΧ߶һߣоأƺһ
ȻȺӿͣǰӿǰҺģƺмŭ
Ľüͷһ֮۴򿪣ɫʱһ䡣
ôѩʡ
Ľ
֮һ¿˺ߵΣҴ󴬿ӴʮŰӵĴ󺺣ֱԾ뺣ȻΡ
̲ϵһϳǺʱ׷ܣеĻǱ߸ϣ˳ײʱҳһš
˾㣬ԽԽǰǸңԭ˾Ͷ࣬һңֱһࡣ
߰ɣĽԷѩ
˶ʱʩչṦȺдʱûз϶ˣǿмֻᷢһɾԼˣȴʲôҲûá
ת۹˵ǰͷɳ̲ϣԭڴ̨ӵǶûӰﷴ˳ȺѾ̤ɳ̲߾ų߳Ц׷
ǵЦݣ˷ܶѪȻҪɱ䣬Ľб䣬һ﴿Ϊɱ˶ɱˣΪʲôΪȡ֡
˶֮ˣʵڲϣŤͷѩΧѾӰޣΨ˲վɳ̲ϣ˻䣬ʱʱȥǵľ뺣ĹЦ
ǺûĽѩһ㣬׷ӹǣӴڵǣԼжʮˡ
ʮ˻ں߳ǳ̫˦һء
ѩʦܣɱɣ
Ľͷ飡
ѩһʧԭأ漴⻯Ϊһ׺磬Ϯ׷ϰյĺǡ
ĽҡҡͷһУɳ̲ϵСʯӷ׷׷䵽ϣЩСʯӱˮԲ磬ɷǺÿ
һ䵽Ľϣַܿɳȥһһڻŵĺǣһ鷢
Щǰһ̻ڹЦһЦ̣ЦȻֹ׷罩ֱֱֱ£һ⡣
ѩƥһһӹǣ֮ЩǺѪźء
һһ򣬶ʮȻĽЦųǡ
ʦԶһ߽УСڸ£˷ܵ֡
ۿ˷ѩչɱйϣĵ˷ܣ޲ѧˣΪ֡
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С˷ܵĵʦǻأôܣʦôһ£Ǿͳͳˣ
ѩˣҲ㣡
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ѩҸղʹһбǡ
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ȫŬѩɨһĽĺǣҡͷúˣһ꣬ùꡣ
СƲƲ죬̫ˡ
ѩʲô书ǿ๦£㹻Ĺ˶Եоһ
ĽϵСʯӷ׷׷ĺһһ£½һ㣬ûһס
ʦҲС̾
ѩﵽĳ̶ȣҪʮ꣡
Сͷʵʦʦ˭ѽ
ѩ
ޡСЩʧŷѩͲ÷ѩΣҲĽ֡
ӺɷȲԼʵЩˣҲ䲻ʦ뵽ЩҲ˳ˣʦģһʦģ
ҪӰѾˣѩ
Ľĺһһɱʱһʬףź˵Ļɳ̲
ϵĺһûΣͣ׷﷫Ŵ󺣳ȥ
Ľҡҡͷ̤źƮƮУת۹׷һҴ󴬣һҴͣĽеʦ㣬߰ɣ
ѩͷתСĵúＰ˵һ
ʦǲôСļ
ѩҪѳˣΪ񡣡
ʦҲȥСæ
ѩҡҡͷ书ɣ׸úɣ
ʦǺʱѽСʧĵ
Ҳ֪˷ѩƢ˵һȻǵȴı䣬ٶ˵Ҳûá
ѩһ£˳Ļ֮һ㣬úˣҾΪͽȻ͵û¡
ʦģһúСͷ
ѩţȫԼˣҵ֮Ҳ嵽Ͽʦʦš
ǡССĽӹ壬źá
ѩ룬书ǰ׼ñ֪䣬׼ǿʤͷ¶书
Сһǡ
䲻ΪˣʦķԸȻҪ
˻飬ѩĵͷڰƮ̤źӯȥһ㡣
СվںĿͷѩƮƮȥ̤˴󴬣Ȼ󴬼٣ʻԼҰ
Ȼʧһ⼸ľһΣ޲ʱͣͣԶͣǰһֱʦߡ
Ѿʧ٣ŵʬףŤͷߣܣΪܳΪʦĵӣΪһֱʦһҪƴ

Ľѩվڴϣĺ棬ԶһһֱƴӴܣһ޶ǸӲ
ѩŤͷһۣʦܣģ
Ľ΢Цвһ£ٸһϣǵܲͻṶ
Źǣѩʡ
ĽЦЦһᡣ
ѩҡͷΪȻɱ̫࣬ɱû
ĽЦɱĺ㲻ˡ˽˵ɱ⡣
ѩüͷһװɺͷӣ
ĽͷǺЦǾͳɴ۴ˡ
ǵȷʵ۴Ľòһ㣬һ񣬹ˣѩǵӡ
ѩù𣿡
ҪҵһϳٿܲܳɡĽЦ
ȻָһһСʯӷɳװһ꾫ݺӵȥŴҽУ
ĽĮĿţҡҡͷˣֿԡ
ѩһ赭üëȴû˵ĽΪΪȻ֪ԼҲûʲô취Щһ
꺺ӲҽԽԽ죬ܿɤ˻ƣȴڷҽУĽתȥãã󺣣̾ϢһһţҸ͹Σʦ㣿
šѩ鵭ġ
һֱ飬˿ĽӲĽȴóˣ̫̫ƣһﶼǺöĸû޹˵Ѫǧжǡ
žžĽ°ƣǣ
Ǵû͡һŲЦ֡
һ鲼ֶնգģһЦݣһź
ĽǶͷ乳æǣȥϺã
Ľ¶һ˿ЦݣŶඣһӣ
ǣǡæĵͷ
Ľڰ֣æתȥ䣬ֶնյļ
ѩĬȻĽ⣬ÿһٶ⣬ЩһһȺǣȻһµӣȴз֮⡣
һ¶Ͼͻᷴˡ
ҽڳѾ˻ƣ΢ĽȻһָ΢Ĳҽٴ
ΧæĺǵһĽ˸Цʦ㣬ҵĵտɲǳǱȱȿΣ
ðѩͷ
ˣӹĽߺһʱСŰӣȴǹɫ㣬һͼֵơ


113 
Ľһ֪ģҲϧƤĽҡͷ̾ϢǱ
ҲǣĶ̫ףϧΪѵò˶ǼͷǱԡ
ϣŴˣ󴬳˷ˣ֮У棬Գȥ֮硣
ܹЦˣԣ
Ľӹͣĸӣͷ˿ϵһźСӯʲס
ĽȻһ˦ߣ㹳䵽Ŵǰǰܵ
ţòĽͷŤͷЦʦ㣬Ǳȱȿ˭࣡
áѩףһ֧ͣѧĽһ˦㣬Ҳ֪ҪɣǾϹ¸Ϲ
ĽЦȻһͣһƴСɫСڹŤ
飡ɫСڼװϣһû˶ĽЦʦ㣬ζ
ѩüͷҡҡͷϲ㣬ζҲԣεģн
㹳ֱ߱һɿһԼǰ֣ƺһڷӶ
üͷһԦķţ뽣һԽ֪û뵽Ҳɣ
Ԧʦܻ䣬ֲ书㾳أȴʱ
ԼĽȴΪİڣϲã΢΢¶һ˿Ц⣬ѩ
ĽЦǣҸӹҪ㣡
ǣǡǹЦŴӦֶնյһ̶ܿװ꺺˻ҽУ΢ȥ
ĽһָҽɳƴµĲҽиˡ
ڰĽѩĺһëĵ˿˿
̸Ц֮ĥˣҧгȣԽĲп뾪ˡ
Ǹǲɱ֮ļҽ밧򶯲ǵģʱͬĲҽУȴģ޲ס䡣
Ƕ״ֻӲţҽеɱٵļһĮġ
ĽЦеѩ˵ѩģע㹳ϣҽڱΣ
յʱ󣬵ʱѩȻһͣʱһβ䵽װϣŤQĴżװ塣
ĽЦʦ֡
ѩһβ㻹ðɣ
ĽҡͷŸͷζһ㣡
ͣһغһʧ
ѩʲôζã
ĽЦҸղŵ֣㣬ζͷ´̡
ţðɡѩͷһ˦͡
ֵ𣬰㴮ŵϿСķСƵĶ㣬һ˿
ķˮĴн΢ĲҽʱĽĴЦ
˵һʱ䣬һʮ㣬ѩ䲻ϲ㣬㻹ͷһΣζϲˡ
˺ܿ콫ʮ꣬ĽĨĨ죬ЦһٵԣʵóԵ㣬ϧ棬߲ǣ´ΰһЩ
һֱԱ̺򣬰æ㣬æǣǡ
ĽܽҴˣоͷɡ
ǣͷæ
Ľɨһۼװæµ͵͵ߵĺǣӽ쿪ʼҾǵͷ磬ˣ԰ȵģȥι֮ǰܼ죡
ָָϲҽе꺺ӣҡͷһʵڲ۾ʶʱ񡣡
ȴĬȻ
Ľͷ
˵ºͣ˶ȴըһ㣬ǻһ飬Ѫӿվȡ
šĽüͷһĿһĵһӹӣ类æؽеͷ
Ľҡҡͷ룬
ͷȵ
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ѩһֱԹۣݣ˵ЩŵôҴ
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Це˵ںȴĺĽбѾġ
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Ľʮҡҡͷѽ⣬ģܷ죡ǣСȥι㡣
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ǰСʬӵصĽǰæͷ絺ȷʵǡ
ĽЦеĵǣ°ְɣ
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ĽЦЦһһСڻ˵㵱ӣΪȱ˻ǮļһҲӦã׼ҵƢ֪һȥģǲǣ
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ӿʼԸ˵÷˵Ը뷨Ѿ˼䣬Զĸӡ
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ֻҪǮͨլӶ³ΪϾ񣬵˵լӶҪҪǮֻ
ĽЩ̾⵺Ƴ۲Ŵԣһ˵һңγһŴ
Ҫƿɲף棬иС
˰ʱ֣ĳĽլӣĽѾ⣬Ϥ顣
֪˻ƳƢƽʱһЩϰߣƳǸ֮ˣƽʱ򵥣飬һλɮƽʱԷҲǼ򵥵Դ⣬ֻƽķˣһͥķ˲ˮƽ
Ӯڵǵİ𾴣˲Ƹȴ㣬У죬ʱΪ
Ľ㣬俴һУ⣬ȴ֮ã佲ԡ
ƳΪĻ־ҰĲ

ڶ峿֮ѩ˳լӣڷ˵˵ľ¥ӭ¥
է˽ϸϢóȻж书ǿʱҲûõġ
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٣ֹڳԺڸܣҡҡͷΪȻ
Цеĵ汻ڳԺˣԵƵ߸״Ƶ˵飬Ļͷ
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ͺͷ󺺺ǺЦķЦ⣺⣬ǵ㵨ӣôְԵֿɶ񣬻ǴڳԺڣˣе


116 
ϴǿǲ𺣼ңһҡͷ̾ҵ̸ڣ˭֪ǵ׶󣿡˵Եģûһ³ҺúõģǶι㣡
⣬ֲͷۣ˶Ǵ˾ܣ֪ˣͺƲƲ죬мĵһͷߣûôа
꺺Ӱڰ֣̾ɱô˵ϴ󣬺ҵĵúܣߵǣ˵ھкҵߣ
˵ʲôͺƲƲ죬ƵĴȴɨӡ
Ŀ纮һ㣬Įɭ䣬ĽһӭˣҡͷӲɱûһҲаʮɷ
ͺĿĽϣתת䵽ѩϣĮĿȻȣֱŷѩ
Ļв׵ģҡҡͷȴûһȰģеͶĽһͬеֻҪϷ
ѩ΢ϵӣ˫͸Σ͸ż˿ˬһ֪ǷƷ
ĽйпģϲĽֱˣһӡ
˵Ķȫ廨ʲôУұı˵ö࣬ҲԵģöô˵̫ˡ
˫ƺ͸ˮ⣬һϲˣƽʱϲεģ׸ģ˫ȴͬ
֮һֱйŹ֣˫Űȴûܷ֣һֱû˵Ļ
Ľˣ¾СˣĽһǳãһѩͷо˫
оĿ⣬ѩ̧ͷƳһۣһƳȴͺ꣬ʱĿɿڴֻ֡
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У΢Ц˵ڵϲ֣֪ܶǲġ
˵ŻԶ꣬ǵִӣ˶Į߰ƺûΡ
ͺĿɱڣƺʱһȭĽЦеӡ
ͺһŤͷĮһ¹ЦݣŷѩȭλŮ¾־⣬ʧˣ
ȭһģ
ѩ̧ͷһֵۣͷƺһſӶ
ͺ󺺾־Цһ漴æ֪Ů
ѩͷҲƺû
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ԶһǺЦϴϣʱ̲Ǻǡ
˺ȻЦ֪־ǿ˷ѩڨƫƫ˵һν౿˷塣
־۾һˣȵǵĳ죡Ҫ˷ݣ
ЦݸҡͷѣǶǴֺ֮ƴ֣뵽ʲô˵ʲô˼ɡ
ѩ̧ͷһɨˣĿˮ类ȪͷʱЦһ
ǰľСǣ
ĽüһﻹǴˣԼװɺﻹмŹǣһһ治ϰߡ
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ФӺ΢΢һЦ˼֮⡣
Ľǰһо۵ףĿ䣬ѩ̧ͷü쵽ɱ⡣
Ľ΢Цʦ㣬Ҫš
Ƿ˵ѩ
ĽԸǼǵǷ˵⾣־⵹мֳģ汻ʦסˣʦš
ѩбһۣĽٺЦอ֮ԡ
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ĽЦǷʦҲһ·ܹζ䡣
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Ľ̾þܾԶˣλڼ֮أ
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ѩ
Ľ˵ʴһЩĻ
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˵˽֮ʣ˽ŸղŵĻ⣬˵ҵǵĴһʮ󴬣һӣÿγʮлɣƺƴ󣬺ǳǷˣиȥġ
ҵĵϸ˲֪ȴҷҾǿޱںһ۲ƵҲ󴬣ڸޱ
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˵ǺҵһЩʲô캦£˵ϲеߣһ˺ˡ
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ĽǵۣԺҲֺ棬ƬԻ򵥡
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۷׷ףڲ²ФӺܲܵ֡

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ĽƬ̣ڻ˵ַЦǼݴȥɣῴ
áѩͷ
˵ĹǷԲʮ֮Чʮ֮⣬˵ٹܡ
ƮƮ뿪˴ֱ֣ϱߵɳ̲ϣһС֧ͣȻ뿪˷˵ʻ󺣡
Χɷ֣Ǻܿ߳ʮ֮⣬㰲һЩֻôˡ
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ĽЦĵɣФкιţ
ŨŨķ֮⣬ţϷʡ
ФӺüоĽ޼ɵѲʲộز¶ĸ֣
漴׿ЩѩòʣǶ⣬ºУʵ޷ܣΪ˶ðҲֵá
ФģԶԶһȴһͷŹ⣬һֻСת۵˽ǰȴǾ־⡣
ֻһվڴϣ˫ŭţФӺܿ쵽Ľߡ
תͷһЦŮǲҪɣ
ѩͷԼߣᡣ
Ľͣվóбȣৡһ˦Цеĵǳһۣ
ϾҴҶʲô£ФӺʡ
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ФӺüǳ棬С֮ĶȾ֮
ߣ־۾һɣŭȵ
ФӺЦϴҲһףźƭŮˣÿŮ˶ϵģ
ФģѪˣȥ־ŭһФӺ
飡ФӺֶƮǰӭϾ־⣬Ѿ־ɡ
־ԼС˻Σ˼סЦФģеԼ֣
ФӺҡͷϾҲƴǺο࣡
־ЦЩͷȥˣҲ㣡
ФӺ̾˿ϾԽգҲɱ˶ǣº㡣
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ФӺҲ͵һȭ顱һ죬ԺףƮѩ½ǡ
ƮƮһ㣬Ľվڴͷҡͷȣҡͷ
־ŷɳȥڿеһȭФӺҲʾҲڿײȭཻԷ˳ȥ
Ľţ˶ʦΪ񣬴Ҳʮ㣬Ľȴģʵûʲô̼ԣôȥǴһһҹҲֲʤȻûƴ


117 
ҡȣ۾ϸϸˣ뿴ǵ·һһߵĶҰ·ӣƽδ
Ұ·ӣȴС־ȭͷһȭФӺƮӭӯ㻯ȥ˴ѽѷ֡
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ФӺ˫ؼӿ죬Ӱ־ⲻᣬֻһȭ顱һ죬Ӱʧ˸Է˻Сϡ
־ٴԾ𣬻ȭФӺФӺһ֣˶˶٣ûǰ
ФӺԶӭսִһš
ФӺЦվģǵ˼˰ɣӢ۾Ȼ˶౨̴þȴǰΣ
Фģųƨ־һȭͷӿ죬ȭͻƾˡ
ĽҡҡͷŤͷѩѩͷԼ˵书Ȥ
־֮£ȭͷԽܿФӺѹô
飡һ죬ФӺؿڰһȭط˳ȥ
ФӺڿһѪɫৡһ±ò԰ףͿĨϰɫڿкȻһۣѩ
Сģ־һʧС
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ϣ׹ʧѩ뿪˵־ɴ۾˸ղŵһĻѩεʣһǳɣᣬֿò˼飬ûһ㡣
飡ФӺˮֱֱ뺣û˶
Сϵ˴ȣһԾУŷѩ뾣־⣬۾档
沨ФӺ֣һ𴬽ФӺ̤ˮ˴ߣһ辢Ծشϡ
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־ԽԽã㲻֪ʲôʱҲ֪һ࣬;ӣȤʱһԣǵסϲġ
ԭĽͷ

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ڷ˵¸Ū鱨ûϤ֮ˣ书ûõģҪ
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ŲУһСкССͤһȭĵͷ
С̣˵˵ʱΡĽ
ǡСæͷһһ佫ʱ˵˳ϵСı˷ߺޡ
Ľ꣬ͷţ֪ˣ飬ȥһӡ
С̴ϲ漴ͷǡ
Ľһȥǡ
лͷСһ


118 
С뿪ѩüʦҪȥǣ
ĽͷѩЩһˣ˸ɾ
ʵû棬϶մ޹ߵѪ϶мƢɱɾˡ
Ľһڲ裬̾Ϣʦ㣬ǲǺˣãûɡ
ǻţЩϵ޹̫ƽѩߵ
ĽεЦЦǹĳͻ޷ͣ޷˵ֻװͿš
Ľʦ㣬һƬĺȫʰˣƾɲɡ
ʦʦǺáѩ
Ľҡҡͷʦ㣬ãã书ûãֲֻҵЩʦҲˣǶƲ磬ƴɱʦʦֵ̫ҲˣŽһã
ѩĬȻҡҡͷٶ˵ˡ
ĽЦʦ㣬Щ֪ˣܲΪʹЩֶҲֵãǲǣ
¸ˣ֪˵ʦ㡣
ѩ̾ðɣˡ
ĽǺЦʱҪʦæ
šѩһۣ̹һһ̹ײͷ
ĽһĳһöĽЦڼˣ
ѩΣ
ȲϷɽҲ㹻ˡĽͷ
ѩһ֣ϷɳںһȦȻײϺһɫʯͷ
飡ʯըγһŷĩ
ĽЦ
Ϊһ䵽ͷƣĵͷʦʱȥǣ
Ľ϶ʦһɣ
ҵõǣѩʡ
Ľͷϣ
ðɣȥѩͷ
ƮƮլӣȻֱϣһСȻСƶȥСķͧںӣת뿪˷˵

ããĴϣʮһҴһǰŸҸεһҴ󴬣봬ʮס
ڴΧͬʮҴ£﷫˶С
ĺУһҽдΧϵˮ¶˷֮ɫʱ̧ͷȥ
һҽֱ
˱ڴ棬һʮˣŸһ֮ʣһŤ
ѣѪ߰ߣѪڼװϻһС
һߣüĿװ֣ͷһɫññһ
ָյʱһڣȻԵãָһ˶İָ
¾װվָһ
һ󺺳Űӣִһ׳ıӣĮĿǣûһ˿顣
ϱӺ䣬µľɵѪȾԭɫ
һڲյǺҡҡͷ̾ϢǵҵģƣǺαأ˵˾ǣαطҪִ˵ˣǸóԺúȵĹţҺ˵ʳԣ
ףӱΣԭòԹȥ㶯Ҳ
˵λͷģ۳һļһʲôµģοҡͷпܿ࣬һڷ˵ƾʲô͸ô
һ˵
ҡͷǵҵģװûõģҪ˵ģαطҪôأϷʵڲţ
һ֣һ뺷һͰˮǡ
ǶʱһߣŤһӼһͰˮ˺۵壬ֻͬʱڸ
ƺţȴҧһԲ
žһĳ޻ؿڣʱƿ
ǴҽС
žһޡ
ֲҽС
һ޽һޣҽнŲҽУһʮޣһͰˮȥǲҽȻθߡ
ָŲյ΢۾ǵĲҽУҽۣһڲ̾ϢӲͷۣҵһͷǺηʥôأ൨ģ
׵˫ۣһֻ׵һֻһС죬ĺС򺣸˻𣺡ͷһǣͣǱذٱ
Ӵ˼˼Цڰ֣úд
žְһޣʱҽС
ִʮޣְһͰˮǣȻͣסɳƣ΢
̾ҡͷǰҿİɣҲ˵ͷûⱾҵǣҵǣеԣ˵䲻ǫģǺҲһˣԣͷɵ裬ͻװƣȨûˣ
ޣ³һѪĭ
֣Ĵָڰ֣źһˣᶼôӲɣ
žžž
󺺻𳤱ޣһһˣǲҽǸ
ת۹򣬶ʮ޴꣬ҨˮһһˣǵĲҽУ÷Ϣ
ЦеĴˣôû벻ģ˵οôɵأָͷָǣϷŪǵֶζĺܣããʵģҸӰˣĻںأˣСǣͦסģĺҸǰҲҪΪһ̯࣡
ĬȻ
ȤȤأȤİƿЦ˫۷Ź⡣
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󺺵ͷһԾ˴ϣһһµǵӣ顭ˤڼװϡ
󺺰һ׳ȥϵӣһͷڴϣͷ½Ե
һ󣬿һᣬǶʱϹһڵĺеĿԲֹ
顭ںǰϰһŴ죬Ŭĺʱҿԡ
ЦдǣͷǣζΣ
ĺǱƽûʲôˮһȥ
һ֣󺺶ʱְºһٴŬеı˻ȥһźֻع
һظΣÿһǶΪԼˣȴֻĥȥ
⵽ǸǰЦеĵôǣҴĵ㷨Ȥɣ
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᲻ǵͷ´󺺵
Цеĵǣǲͷˣ
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ź˿ҡͷôһһͷɱǣ᲻ᷢ衣
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Сʸ˴ǰʱȻͣסĽѩƮƮ䵽档
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ĽüͷҡͷЦҾôµģ
һȵСӴ󵨣Ǻ»ֵõָֻţ
ĽҴҪʦ㣬ǺҲƴƴҲɲȡᣡ
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ǣ꺺ӴȵʱʮһΧˣεնɭɭ
ĽεᵶΪһ׺磬˵ĳӹǺʮ󺺳أ˫źڵ
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ĽᵶһѪȥʣ̧ͷ£Ҳ뺣ΪУǣǴû
ǺǡЦҡҡͷţɱǺҵӣһˣ
Ľǣ
ɫȵǶˣ
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ʮӷƺߣ漴൹أź
ѩɿδղһΡ
˫΢Уâ䡣
û뵽Ľѩһã˶˾ȻߵˣֲӲһĵȷʵˡ
ŤͷʮҴϵĸɫ׷׷鳲
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ѩüͷǵĲ״䵭ȴŭգһؿڣ뷢й
ĽЦһɶ˽ǣʰǣ
˫鰴籧򣬵ϳ׷Ͷ˫ּ䣬һ𣬳Ϊʮ

һƺУһһˣ̫죬û˱ܵù
Ľ漴𳤱ޣžһ죬˦˸󣬳޻ýߣڸ֡
޷ΪƧǺСѧǴͨںƵļӳ£ߣմϼɳȥ
Ǳ޷ʵƵУ񾭵һӿȥ谭ֱ֮ը
Ƕޱȵ׷ıޣΪһ󣬶
һˣת۹Ľʰˣеĵأе亣ûһվŵģһغ֮С
ԭήңβ˻Ȳʣоʹ죬ޱȣֵԼһ㡣
ʮҴʣµһʱ﷫ܣĽҡҡͷһԾ˴󴬣̤ź׷һҴȥ֮ͣסת۹ԾһҴϡ
˷ѾһȦصѩߡ
ʱסĽ񶾵ҪǴŹЦ


119 
Ľҡҡͷÿһƣ룬ָƣϴһˮ裬ʱ
Ľǵͽˣɴá
лͷǸмĵ
Ľ΢ЦӲȵҲǵ컯ض˵ˣȥÿһӣ
Ťͷʦã߰ɡ
šѩûʡ
æͷЩôã
ĽûȥɣڵϲغãȲҪó
ЩأָָΧʮ󴬣ǾںϣŲ΢΢˫۷Ź⡣
Щ󴬱ڵĴ֮𣬾ؤܱȣ۴״ǲʣᲢۡ
ζôһҴĴ󴬣Ǹ󣬳ﶼͬͬǱȾָ
Щ󴬾ԼǰһʮҲΣ鼤ܡ
Ľѩ˰ɡ
۾ɴ󣬳ԳԵ˵ȴҶ˵ֻ۰Ͱ͵ĽŰɫ
Ľ򢣬㣬Ц᲻ã
æͷĴ󣬻ʵѵð
ѩüǺҶеİɣ
ǵҲеġ
ĽȻǾʹȥɣǽҲõţܴȥ
ǶʱüЦæĵͷģû⣬һûģϣ
ĽͷЩȥҪͷ棬С£𱻺ҵʲô
ظЦͷģһƲģ
ĽЦиôҴСѱ¹شඡ
ͷͷʡõġ
ĽŤͷʦ㣬߰ɡ
ѩɨһԹĺͷƮ뿪䵽СϣСƮƮȥĽԶԶƮ찲úˣط˵ң
ǣӦ

ĽƮƮУƻʵѵˮ㣬Сȫ˺棬żһմˮϽƮǰ
ʮ֮ĽȻʦ㣬˵Σ
ţðɡѩ
棬˶úֱӴϣƮ˲ˡ
Ľʦ˰ɣ
ѩһۣͷţҲϲ֣˵ҲûʲôǺᲨԶˡ
˵ʵһ㣬Ǹԣˣĸ꣬˶ֻһĿꡪ׬ǮǻΨһĿľ׬Ǯʵϧ
ĽЦȹ絺Σ
絺ϲѩ
Ľʦͻع絺ɡ
ѩüͷһŲǰɣ
ĽҡҡͷǶ̰ЩǮƣҵô⣬뺣ҡ
ҵǣѩʡ
ĽͷһҾСӦҵǣı֪ˡ
Ѿɱ𣿡ѩü
м̵ֲģôû޹ģһ޹ģ˿ʵڲá
ĽҡҡͷδãܻбֶΣʤģĴΪ
ô죿ѩʡ
Ľ絺ǵϳȻҪסģʦȥţҲзġ
ѩǺãҾͻع絺š
Ľʦ㣬һƴ²ΪĻǧ򲻿ǿٻŰ죡
Ȼáѩ
Ľ̾˿һ̤Ī⣬ҿɲС
㵨ԽԽСˣҶѡѩҡҡͷ
ĽЦԸҹڶģʦȥ
Сһתԭת򱱣һʱ㵽˹絺ȻһЩֻƮƮص˷˵

˷˵£ϻƣҡȣм֮ĺᵶƻ˲ʣ֪ߡ
־̣ǡþ־ڣŹͷڴһһü԰׵ߣϸĶž־ơ
־ۣҡҡͷ˼ңҿ׼Ҫͼ١
ұʡ߿ʼûƶа
ĽһۣЦɣ
Ťͷϵʲô𣿡
Ľҡͷûʼõģ˼Ҫ
ߣҲǸУûĵͷ񣬱Ҫߡ
ĽЦ˼Σ
һߵ
Ľһ𣿡
߻ɵĴĽЦһһõó뿴ֵֵ
ðɡ߳һ£ڵͷ
°ѶӰ⿪һĽǰʣǰ״һ㡣
Ľ븧һ£žһһƴ֣ߵֻܿ
ĽЦ˼ң֪Ρ
ô죡ߺߵ
ĽЦҡͷ˼Ҳ˼ѽİɣǲġ
˼ңֵ˵ҪˣûҪٱ־ŹͷǺЦ
ߺһƺŷ־⣬ǺðɣһЩ㡣
ĽЦŵͷḧһ£ͷȷʵϺõ񣬲Щһ㡣
ĽŷûķԭŲͬţַҲͬ
˵߶ʱˣߵһλɮ̣ǲʶ
ĽüͷһЦǷŸɮ񣿡
ߺߵϷڼҵľʿӲƭˣ
Ľ֪˵٣֪λʦ̣
ǹʦߵڰ֣ʦķֻͽתЩһǲ֪ġ
Ľ־⣬־ҡͷ
ĽЦȻˣðɣһ
־۾һµɴʧֵܣ
ĽЦҶԷĽúܣǹʦҲҪˣ
Ǹʶģȴû¶飬ҡҡͷһȻҪǲİܼǷծҾģ
Ľ˼ңһ
ӻͳһƱϡ
ͷĶճ̾Ϣһҡͷ뿪ˡ
Ľ𣬿ȥ
־Цֵܣǡֵôģһǧ
ĽЦЦһǧһûʲôȻ£ׯϣźио
־ͷЦ⵹ҲǣȻ񹤴裬Ϣׯϣȷʵѵ֮Ҳֵһ
˵主һҲСĿʮ
ϴߣȾȥĽЦ롣
أ־ʡ
ĽЦʦѾȥˣҪչʦµģͷһ˵õأſһˣͻȥչˡ
ǲʳ˼̻ӣ־̾һ꣬Բλࡣ
ԽǿѩԲλĸоԽǿңȣ޲ÿ춼ֻܿԶԶһ۾ͺá
ĽЦϴİɣʦһרע漰Ů˽ģ
־æֵ֣˵ȥˣҿɲҳ룡
ĽЦЦ֪˼ʦķȷʵˣĻ񾭣һɾӨ֮УֻԶ۲档
˳ӣĽֱһϰ棬һҡȣŻһӵܡ
˵ӭ¥ʱ٣˸λ£˾ƲˣĽѶһţԷȷ࣬Ҳ࣬м䡣
ӭ¥Ƿ˵ľ¥ݻ֮磬̻ԻͣϵľҲȴ
ĶǺߵϵĸûȨһ˵Ǯʵ
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ֵܣǷ񣬺ڳԺھǺã־ҡͷ̾Ϣпһ˵þã͸Ƶģҿɲɣ
ĽЦڳԺȷʵһƱ
־۾һ漴ҡҡͷڳԺǺãϧҪ汾£ôļңǺڳԺڣǺǣϧҲˣ˼
Ľ˱һǺЦֲּҵôԭһ
Ҫ书ߣʵǿָǿ԰ռļҵһ˱ǿҲҪù־ҡͷΪȻĵǸãȻ׬ò࣬ʤƽȰȫڵ
Ľϴޱˣ
־ҡҡͷˣ캦˯Ҳȡ
Ľüͷһ£Ц캦ĻڳԺھͳɣңɱֱ׳ʹ׬Ǯò
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־⿴Цֵܣϴ⣿
ĽЦеĵϴг˵ĻҰʰˣֻҪ׼ȷ鱨ãã˿ɲס
־һʹ̾ϢԼĽ˾ƣЦ⵹٣ããֵĿɲףҵмң
ĽЦˣ
־ֵܣҿ˵ˣǸǵ֮Լȥ
ĽǺЦǾͲ;ϴˣһ֮ɲǰ׽еģˣܵһ޼α
ţǵҲǣǺ֣ϲ̨棬ϵܣΪһУ־ʡ
Ľҡͷ̾Ϣһ˵ҲǱΡ
֮־֪ȤĲᣬÿĶԼĹ£˭Ҳ˭õȥ
Ľϴǰң˵һԣ
־ɫһ࣬ͷȷʵ٣뺣ȣǾССϺǰ
ĽΪ
־ɫҲǿڳԺڷļңҲûٸɣ䵽ϵģ׼̵һɶ
Ľü˿ɶ񣬴Ϊβְʰˣ
ûôףҵĵӺܺġ־ҡҡͷпǧ
ĽüͷһϴҲںԹͷ
־ǻһеģһӵõҵʰмҸˣɱҡ
ĽֻٲƲɱˣ
ߣɱˣ־̣Ʋɱ˲¹ͷֻǸһеˡ
Ϊˣ֮ͬ飿ĽЦЦ
־ЦǰǵҡǮȻɱˣֱӰϴٸɾһϣˣ
Ľһɫʵڿɶ񣡡
ɱְɣ־ʡ
ĽͷȻ
˰ɣǲ࣡־ҡҡͷ̾ڳԺںֻɱˣأмɱˣ
Ľü䱻ѹβ֣
ֵġ־ҡͷܻ̾©ϢеǺҵԵףе˸ܣ֮йΣʧأɱѪɺӣû˸ôˣʧһЩˣǣھܷ
ǡĽҡͷ̾Ϣ
ɣ־ԳһЦҡͷΪﶼˣԽ׳󣬳Ȼ˵ǣ˵Ҳǣ
Ľ³أԼһͷأҪҲҪġ
ǺڵвҵɣĽʡ
־ͷţһңС
æϵܣڳԺڿǧ򺣼ҵ⣬ҪźңǣҲ֣ˣ
ĽЦҡͷ־͸
־æҵĶֶúܣϵɶԸ˺ҵġ
ðɣҼסˡĽЦ


120 Ժ
־̾˿˵ˣǷ˵˼źңҲҪԶԶģͻ
Ľ˵ºң
־ҡͷҹ鷳ˣ˵ʵˣҪȻЩһʵʵعأ
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Ȼ־Ҳ˱һ̾ҼִӶ֣̫ˣģһҲס
Ľüͷ˶ִֻ̳Сһ̳
ԶСеػӦϣϾ
Ľºھ̳ʲô
־ҡҡͷ֪һȥû˵סִһ飬û˴ù
Ľü
ЩִӿΪһ㣬ǲǣ־
ĽͷǴﲻʦΣᣬվǴҲ˲Լ
־Ϊһ㣬ȴаһȥû˵סۿģϵʦûʮҲа˾Ÿ
ĽʱСһ̳ƣλүˡ
Ľף־ڰֵ֣㻹Ųң
ĽϴĻȻŵù̫˼ˣǵһ
Ҿòѷֵĵ־
˵ŻȻһƿڴӲԶӣĸһš
Ľҡҡͷһ֪ǺȸˣˣƷأԽԽң˺
ĽŤͷ־⣬־ֻЦٺ٣Ҫùඣ
ĽЦ书Ҳ
˵УʦҲ书ʦˣսһţʦʦ߶ߡ
Ľüͷʦô㲻ֵǮˣܿ
־ֵܲϵðɣǶǵϺպǳǷߵһֱǴˣ
ס֣һʶϺϲվ̳˹졣
ĽΪ⣬Զʤһߣȴδʦ֮һϺȻ羪װֱ
ڻսҲᣬΪʤˣûϡ
־ѹִˣඣ
է䣬ʱӰִƮƮ¥ϣִվ¥ݿڣĵĿɨΧ
ĽЦϴ˭г𣿡
ҶУ־ߵ˫׹ǶҴ̵ģҲǳصģûűˣ
ĽɫȻǳ˴Ӳˡ
Цǻʲôã
־ߵûûѪӵ⣬һ֮ڲ׼ٺ٣ǵӹǺ
ĽǸе̣һ֮ûȻ˽ˣ
־ҡҡͷ˽̲ܣ˵ִӻṩ׼ôһûʲôֻܹˡ
Ľӽ߽˵Ļ
־ҡͷɵģѹѣ⣬ܻģ鷳ϣû˿ôɵģ
Ľûʲôģ
ŵù־ҡͷ̾Ѷ˽˽УֻҪڷ˵κãкܶ˶һҹ˵Ĺһ
Ľ̾˵ֻӵˣ
ǵڣǹŰˡ־ҡͷЦһӺˡ
ĽЦЦⷨӵǶ
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ĸִΧסˣһӢΥ棬ڱ䳡⶯֣һ꣡
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ĽЦˣ֪ˣһ
ŵ̫ʦϣһԾ˴󴬣ȻźƮƮУȴö࣬ת۹˹絺
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ͷСأСʡ
Ծû˳ӭӣʹ˯ûҲһûۣʵаš
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ĽҡҡͷԶ֪
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Ľðɣȥ˵Ƕ
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ԼһʱһƬСǰһСһƬÿֻаֱͺͺĴݲһʯͷ
Ľüͷããʱоϲڣ⴦ûڵͼϡ
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żʯͷͷһߣ¶ĵ棬һб棬һ뱻ˮţһ¶档
ĽͷµúܣҿԶһӡ
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ͷİɣʡġǵ
Ľ룬Ȼϣৣʯͷĩ׷ɣǽƽ̹羵
ĽʣվʯǰָңָʯỮ͡ĩƮϳһͼһ
Ľָɨһˣ߾񵶣һʮһʽǺú׸ˣ´ټǣǰʮߣֱӹҲҪͰ
ͷǸмĵ
Ľڰ֣ϻ˵䣬͵ֱˣýڱϣ
ǡͷ֣صͷģһúÿǵģ
ĽҲ͵úڲʮʽɰʮһʽҾʹģ
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ĽźֻʩΪҴ󴬽ԻΪƬˮߣ̤һСƮƮȥ


123 
СӺ棬ͧ
Ľվڴͷԣ˼תʦȥһǷ˵ȥѰԼһǺңȥѰҵˡ
ϵǱܿסòǿңӦ͵Ϯ߼ߣݷ
ڷѩǲ׶༪٣ĽûеģֱѩûΣգƾ书ûס
룬ʦѩûʤ˿ǿ
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Сٶȸ죬ɳһ㣬˺ʧСϣʩչŲƣ˸֮󣬷˷˵
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ĽصԼڣڳƣ˲侫һһṦ㣬վ붨һ
ųֱ˺԰ϵСͤŰѩķѩһ
Ľ̤ϻȣСͤУѩһţ룬ʯϣɢɭϢ뵭ںһ
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κ󣬷ѩŤͷô˵
Ľ̾ʦίˡ
ѩŤȥˮ
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Ľҡͷ̾ңǰҴС㺣ҹңҴ©֮㣬ǰָҡ
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Ľ˾־ʾܿ˵˵Ӻ䣬ĽĸϢͨ־ԥĵīϴ󡣡
ĽΪҪϢںҵϢ
־ʱɫ䣬סĽǲǵ˺ңĽûͷ
ס˿ӣȴµõҵԼܿ紫˵
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ĽЦԿѵͷ۲ɣҵĵֻҪǴʦӦˡ
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־ҡͷѣϢãҵϢǲŪѽûӡ
ĽϴԽԽȥˣǲҪ۶ѽ
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һУʱһˮ׺䵽ϣϴϴ֣Ц֪ǱȥѺү׽ˣ


124 
ѩСƶˣû
ĽЦзҲգֱӲӲ˭
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︧٣赸Ľζ壬һģǻЦݡ
ѩбһۣĽȴ˸ɫѩֻסˣ΢۾š
һĽ̾ŮºȾƳԲˣʱٸӯ΢Цӣ빫ӣﲻܹһ߾λӴſԿ
Ľüλôļӡ
ǺүˣǹܲŵģʵڶԲסλӡٸ΢ЦһƱŻϣӯˡ
ѩҡҡͷŮװʲôûǳЦȰ˺ȾƳԲˣ˵һЩǵȤ¡
ĽƿţһؽŮ֣æŮǲŮͷ
Ľ¾Ʊ뿪ӣȥ
Ů¥룬һż򵥣ȴڲסΣ̬ӯӯ飬߼ˮŮ貨΢ˡ
ĽƺǺЦȻȻɫ
ЦʣȴԶԶ˳ȥ¥Ķ壬Ůɫٱ䣺ӣ
Ǽӿ
ǡŤͷĽĿײĽӣѩ׾ӨĹ޳üëͦӣһ˫ӣڰ׷ͫ꣬۰ˮ
ƳһۺջĿ⣬ӿ첽ܿʧ
ôˣĽŤͷŮ
ҡͷӣ㴳ˣ
ĽЦеĵ˵
ҡͷ̾˺ӣ鷳ġ
ĽЦһ˶ӲôС۰ɣ
Ůҡͷҡͷ̾Ϣӻ뿪ǰɣӶŽġ
һߣԽԶԽá
ѩüëһɣһĽ˼Լţȷʵ⣡


125 
ĽЦеĵðɣлλǽߣ
Ůһ¶ЦݣЦӵĴ׾̫ﱻʵʵ׼˿ġ
ȷʵŽλСģġ
λʲôʱģĽĵʡ
룬ֱӵǲ죬ǰǣܿ챻㿴ãڸУȻˣһס˺ү
Ľ˼ĵͷЦλɫɲǺȾƣһ
Ůǳǳ΢ЦȻһ裬Ľѣѩбȴû
ҹʱ֣뿪ӭ󣬻صϲջУѩߵ
ĽЦ߯Сƺˣİɣһͻˣ
ǲأѩб
ĽңҾȥʦİɣܲģ
ѩһҾɫϣ
ĽЦеĵӭ󽲵һ֣λãѹô֮ͣ
ǲǻȥѽѩһۡ
ĽЦֵطȥҲգǰЦ˺ޣЩŮòȴҲࡣ
֪ͺãѩ䶪һ䣬ֱӱٶ˵ˣĽЦһۣҲϢ
ʱţֻһתۣɫ˴붨άӢģСԹ֮ǡ
ĳУһƬǶû˯ѣѾӵǽģٳȥ˺ܿǡ
Ľٶȼ죬ת۹ܳһԶһƬֻ֣Ҫ㵽˺ߣǱںߡ
ѩЩѽ
ĽЦԽԽ졣
ѩ뷴һЦ𣺡վס
̧ͷ˴ƮƮأƷζߣһԲնֺЦ棬Ⱥշһɰݣ˭Ƿһӡ
һݣۣһľ꣬ʱЦĽѩ
Ľüͷһѩһۣ¶飬û뵽үȻģ
ԭΪʹӢҲӢʮ㣬£ƽʱĻ£ӦǸħ
˼ɣҲ˵۹⣬أһ쵽²ɣŮˣй䣬ߴڸﲻţ֮¹Ź֣ͷԡ
ȴû뵽үüĿ㣬
֪λǡĽЦűȭװ֪
ģӭˣɣ
ĽЦЦӭ󣬡ѲǺү
ۣС۾ҿ˵ҪԵѵԣ
ĽЦ֪үкָ̣Ѳҿһۣ̾һ䣬ԺүˣǺǣүӺɷ򣬲С۰ɣ
ƨ³һ໰۾ģ̾ǵϷߣӲСҵϷҵŮˣ
Ľҡͷүˣ¾ûеϷ֮⣬֮̾үøµĽʣ
¶һ˿Ц⣬漴ȥеͲˣԵͷգҲףʲô˶ܿģ
ѩ谣Ľ²Ľ˼Ϊģʲô⣿
ĽЦλ˹Ǿүôĵģ
ܵͦţЦ
Ľæڰֽֽ̣̾ûүı£ȴͬ⣬
ߣ㵹ǸģбмĵСѾͷ۹ߵúܣû汾£ǲŲ
ĽæǺүĻǿϲϣ
谺ԥĵǵȻǧϵģүʲôˣʲôˣȵ
ĽҡҡͷҿδأϲǶˡ
谲мĵɵӣǺأϲˣߣһǳˣƤӣʲô£
Ľüͷһģ
Цүм˵ٻ
ĽȻͷλ治ˣ
¶Ȼģ谵ǶƲ㣬ۿһ²Źأ
¶뽾飺Զģ˴ǷǮʲôãû£ֻԶԶţõľɫ˶
Ľɫү˵ʲôأ
бӴƢۣȵϱˣ
Ľ¿ɲʲô˵书΢Ҫ򺣴үֽһ
һ֣סǰˣб㡪ֵҶۣ
ĽЦ͵һƳ顱һ죬һʱ֨֨еˣмϿ
һѸٵںǰĿ磬һĽһɨܣǳ
Ľ¶⣬үôΪֽ˰ɣ
谿Ӥ۴֣һƶϿȷʵҿûֻһƱҲǸ֡
谵ͷţмֱ£ɿ뱾һսգ
Ľߵ׿ԺүõҲգиôǺҲĵģֽ̺үƷգ˵ǼҵĿһ
谺ߵ㻹еʶ֪ǵĿƣɣһĵĴǣ
ĽһƳХϯŷɳʯ谡
谺һƮƮһģɳʯתĽȥٶȲ죬谸ֳһƣɳʯתٶȶȻӿ죬һгĽȥ
Ľ˫͵һƣ顱һ죬ɳʯһ£תȴסˡ
һĳһƣɳʯתٶٿ죬ĽϯȥƸͣ硣
Ľ˫ƣʱͣסͣ롣
ߣ谲һƳָٶȣĽȥĽ͵Ƴʱٶֻͣԭء
һһƣ죬ңıƴһԿţһʱѷʤ
Ľһ˫ƣһߺߵү书ô㲻żưˣϲ㣬Ϊ书
˵Ϊ书ϲҵģЦҡͷΪèĹսǺˣ
ĽߵҲսңսү㣬㲻ǻԵүΪúܣô书زȻƣʰ㣡
Ц㶮ƨ
ĽߵʲôģΪСһˣԼѹͷϣµߣ
̱Ļһһ䣬谵ɫǺ죬ŭߵǶƨ
Ľ˶ףҪŻûŻҪ书û书ֻʵʵһү
ģ߳ŭһ˫һƣءһХɶȻӿ죬Ľȥ
Ľһ˺󣬷ѩͬʱεʣ⻯Ϊһɫƥϯߡ
顱Ľں谺󱳵ָ漴һ˷ѩӭԲնյߡ
飡һ죬˶һƣĽվסԲնȴ˼ĵ㵽ʲôˣ
ѩݺᣬֵݰ˵Ŀ񹥣˸ݣȴǾˣŭһ㣬ѩĵʤһնࡣ
ĽһЦСһ仰˷ˣ壬ǲȻͽ⿪үĽưɣǣ
˵һѩһ£Ľᵶʣһ𣬶ʱѹøɰߺˣ漴Ծ֡
׷谵ڵһһֻϺ㣬Ȼʹɵֻܷˣ谱ߡ

ĽƮƮУſ˷ѩࡣ
Ѿ֣ߣƿͷں̲ߣ죬峿ıһ𣬴ϸˬ
ѩⲽϵĺȥָ糣ʦܣôô໰
ⲻĽķǰ˵ֻ㶯֣֪е顣
Ľҡҡͷ̾̽һ١
ףǼٵģĺ谣ѩȻ
Ľͷ̾ǹƶˣȻŪһðƻ
ѩȻֲ˵ô࣬ôģ
Ľӿɲ˵Ʋ㡣
ѩΪһֱѹţƲء
Ľҡҡͷ£ѹţܿǰ䱾Ҳмƣȴ˼ֻ򡣡
ܶ϶ȻΪͨż¶һ˿ȷʵǰһֱöܿ͸谺񱻴һ㣬ΪԼǺҴүĽ⼤ŭ¶һ˿
ɫ࣬أΪһֶΣҲ뵽һУһֶΣһܹգϵ˾á
ĵϸȷʵԭԱ⣬Ϊ£ھȴһƬհףǶľѧ򿪴ʦĴš
漰ãǴʦλðĺ谱ߣþ᲻漰ʦأ
漰ʦĻǲܲˣһЩ˵ֶβãҺ޼ɵıûеϸ
ʦܣȻ֪ǼٵģΪλҪ׷ѹ򣿡ѩʡ
ĽҸ˽ƣʾһ⣬ܽ⿪ˣⲻĻʵʵ˵ĺá
ѩһת͸аƼȻʩչðƺүϣҲʩչڱϣʤ
Ҿ˵ƣԻⲻѩʡ
ĽЦЦǾͿǵıˣʦĶ⿪ɲס
λʦѩʡ
ǰĽЩĮ¡
ĽҵɶʦҴС򣬶ʦλɮˣϧû˵Լݡ
ԭˡѩͷ
ĽЦ޳ɻΪСµӣΪţȲʦ㣡
ѩҡͷЦЦ⻰ֻˣȷʵѷԼ񾭻˵ĵӣԦǾأԦǾٶԶԼɱȡ
ô죿ѩʡ
ĽЦЦٻȥ
šѩȻ
Ľɱǹʶһĺ谡
ðɡѩĽģû˺ϳ
ںתһȦȻĽٴʩչֻ֣һòһΣĽΪӢĹӸ磬ѩΪò绨ķˣ˰һԷޡ
˽֮һԻѾȻһլӣסӼ˼š
תۼȥĽѩΪʧҺʲôҲûƽҲûǰ˷ˡ
ĽüǺ棬ѲԼĽƣһַоойС
ǿƽĻҪʦųɣܽȥ˵дʦҪСˣ㲻ɷϹۡ
ţĽ֮ЧҲǱ룬֮ǿףıһУȫˡ


126 ൱
峿ʱ֣Ľѩڼɽµʯǰġ
ɽǰһС䳡ԭǻԣ֮ĽѻԲС䳡
峿ĿˬǺߣʪ󣬴ˬ죬Ľѩ񣬸ܸܵϲ峿ȻһߺȲһġ
ʦܣһֱûжǽ⿪Ľưɣѩ
Ľҡͷҷƽ˾˿ûºжϣʹֱȴɡ
ѩǽƽⲻĻΣ
Ľûʲôֻܵ࣬ÿһʱѪУ˵ġ
ѩһѪУ̫ˣ
Ѫ֮ɲһܵˣʹ裬ô춼ûȥģǧѷһѡ
Ѫ֮ҪѨҲûУѪǿг忪ѨҪԣֻܰԼˡ
ɼʹˣʹӰΣڻ˯ҲܸܵԣʹԣҲᱻѪѡ
ʹ˱޲ɱ
ĽЦܱƺˣ
Ҳˡѩҡͷ
ĽЦЦǱˣʮ֮󣬽Ȼ⿪ʮ죬ֻԹԼ̫ˡ
ѩɫÿ
Ľ״΢Цʦ㣬Ǻҵˣ룬书ãһǣ
Ľ֮ûɱ֣ʮĽƣΪðĺ谲ףûɱˡ
ĻֱһĽƣ亿ҹѪһСС塣
ðɣѩûĵ˵ô죿
ĽҪ֡
ˣѩüҡҡͷһŮ֣ó
ĽƵһҲŮôûһ˵ʦ㣬е˼
ѩһۣûһöòŮ˶Ҫ˼Ҳ⣡
ĽЦʦԩˣûʲô촦
ʲô촦ѩüǰĽųȥ֮ʣĿţҲ
Ƭ̺ҡҡͷʲôŹ֣Ҳݴģ
ĽʧЦǵǡ
ز¶ѩüһ
ĽͷصúϣȴܸоΣգ书Ǹ󷨴ʦ
ѩ񾭴ɣֱ֪ǿţȻ쵽ΣգȻˡ
ʲôˣѩüǺҵĳˣ
ĽҡҡͷҲƲ磬ģ书ȴȻţһֱ첻
ѩ˵ӦܲĲѰ
ԣùĽͷ
ѩһˣǸ壿
Ľͷпܡ
ѩ룬ǻȥ
ĽЦֻܽƾͼˡ
ѩҲã׽סҲɡ
˾һ£ʼƻνȥ׽ˣش󶯸ɸ꣬ĽֱӴȥؽ̫࣬򵥴ֱá
С̽ȫĲãһݾߣҪ֡
ѩ룬ͷӦ
ĽֻȥӭţѩǿҷԣһȥʵƵ
ĽΣֻͬȥѩ书׿ȷʵ׸ֻﻳкĽģʲôΣա

һ¸ӭһƬžҹʱ֣ӭѾţеĿ˶뿪
һƬžУĽѩźƮƮӭ¥һԲ¥һԲͰΧ¥мǿա
˷¥ƮƮ䵽룬Ľüİûһ㣬֮ۿǶ˯
ŤͷѩѩҲüо˵ֱǿһΣգоõ
ʦܣԾ
Ľͷ
ѩҡͷûˣԿɡ
ǹ絺ǻˣںҲ֪ûԿ࣬زɱǣʮ³žͲ˵ˡ
Ľüף˸֣˵ﲻڣף
ôѩʡ
Ľ̾ء
ǻʲôѩæ
ĽһƬͷֻһˣߣ
ǰͷ·ƮƮţϢ˺СԺһСԺǰͣסĽü
ѩܡ
Ľͷһ˱ֻƴһѣ˷ǽ䵽СԺʱһ󿩿Ц𣺡ͷǵȺʱˣ
һյһյСԺƾճʮˣ֪ʱվ̨ϣЦӯӯˡ
һȦСԺӳ磬һϮ°ЦڵƹϸĶˣĶޣʡ
ĽҡҡͷѩЦǻϵˡ
ѩ촽Ǻ
Ľͷǡ
ѩȻɫ㣬Ų١
ĽʧЦҡͷҪߣ
Ҫһߡѩ
Ľһۣ֪޷ı⣬ֻܻεֻӲȥˡ
ЦС㣬һѽֳðɣ
һССƣֵһᡣЦӯӯҡͷ
Ľͷȷʵ׳ˣǺðɣֻʮ֮ܽ˽ƣǼȻ⿪ˣҲͷˣʵڲǺʲôĹϸ𡣡
ƲɱǺҵʱôô룡
Ľһ¹һ£ǼǣСײɱǰȷʵ˵ǺйأڳԺڿԣ˿ûأɱҵˣΪð亣ҵأֻ֮ɱඣףô˵ȷʵǺҵˣ
˵ϹǴԱָʱû˵º졣
ǵˣΥ˹أȻҪܷҪҲǷֲ˳֣Ǻҵˣ˶˾ҺΪС
ĽǺЦҡҡͷС⻰Цɱҵ˿ԣ±𣬾뺣ΪУ
ͷգһɸΪ񲯵ķӡ
ĽЦЦ˵
ЦĵǵТգ±㻯ˣԺҺҵķԸ
Ľüͷһ£ƲƲЦȤТҲֲǣɱǵТСҲó
üͷԭΪͨõķӣƴɱѪ
ĽƴɱѪνѽ˵ʵҲûʲôô׸ǱʮһҲ㾡ͷ塣
úݶĳ뿴͸Ľĵס
Ľ˴˱˴ˣСҰĲСۣһɲǺҵ߹Ǻҵ˶ҵˣûǵ鷳ǵңôĵӣ
ЦеĵСӴͷǾֵ¼ඡ
һڡ
ʮʱενĽѩ˹Ľһ˵һ˲䵽˺ǰ
һʱԣƮƮһĽĵ⡣
ƷΪŹ֣ӯ裬ڵȴشһ㣬Ľֻһ飬֡
ޱȣ뵽书ȴû˵زһˣȻ֡
ȣǾȣΪһԽû뵽ᵶĽϣĴǿķ飬ʵʵ˹
ٴһģĽᵶ£˲Ҫƣ˿ûϧ֮⡣
ϧҲ˲ãѩһʮ᧿ΣܰѺ£ȫˡ
һЦӯһתƴ⣬ĽؿڣĽֺȻһ죬˫ཻ
飡һ죬˸һ
ĽǺЦúãС鴫ٽһ
磬ӣ뵶ײĽҡͷҪסǲˣûʱ䡣
ٿ˺ײ뵶Уѩ˫ϲʱǣһǰһһһңγ
ʦ㣬ߣĽ
ԵĻУƾԱȥ߾񵶰Եǳһо
˽ŲԽԽ죬ת۹Բ¥У¥ֱӳ棬˴ţȣӭ
˽²ͣȴ޷ס˵ĵ⣬νң˵ĵԽԽ
˳ӭ󣬻ΪƮƮȥת˦˺׷磬ܿԼСԺ
СԺ˸ԻݻѣĽָѩָĽ鷿˵
ѩ²յҲʲôʲôƣʵԹʵ
ĽЦʦ㣬ǿɲһĸˣǶԱ˵书ȴȻ
ѩǲǹǵģ
ĽҡͷûôģǣʦȻ鷳ˡ
ѩбһۣ֪ߡ
ĽЦֶεʦ㣬һ˰ɣɱǹǻ᲻᳷ˣ
⡣ѩͷȻЦЦ᲻һУ
ĽЦɾ㣬ǵסǡ
סǣȻֵģѩ
ĽҲһֱ⣬ǳֵ̫ͻأ֮ûƵҲδܸоίʵ졣
ע⿴ɣ˵ǻڣߣĽЦ
θҹˣƮƮСԺƬ̺ӭ󣬻ΪĨӹֵŮ
СԺվڵƻͨСԺ룬ЦӯӯһﻨЦ𣺡ͷֵȵ
ĽҡͷСã
ЦͷǸͷһϢ쿪ʼҪᵽҸͷٷ˼ˣ
ĽЦãǱˣʮ³źͤ
ɢЦںͤͷұǣҪǣʵڲ㡣
ĽѩתߣЦǷ羰λúͣǣ
Ľڰ֣ƮƮ뿪ӭ󣬻صСԺ
ѩüʦܣ⺣ȷʵ˼ȫˮ©ⶼ㵽ˡ
ĽЦȷʵ
ѩ̧ͷһۣЦʦܣ϶ˣ
⺣ǽʦַܼɣʦÿ뵽һҲ뵽غƽ֡
ĽЦЦ˼
ѩʣҪȥͤ
ĽͷҲ޷ҵʲôƣһƬ򣬾򡣡
ѩʮ㣬ͷΪƫƫȥͤʲôͼı
ĽҡҡͷҲΪŹ֣ãʵ
˴ɣѩ
Ľͷ˵ѣֻҪȥͤҲûãҪͤʲôŹ֡
˵һӻԻطϢ
Ľϣ¶Цݣȷʵǻ۹˵ŮӣٴϻŮˣǴϻԼϣóıԡ
纣ı֮Ůӣͷһϣúܴ̼ȤҪٰһ


127 
ͤһָָɽϵСͤͤӣҪȥ
Ľں̲һߣЦֽ̺ͤںδ
ĽЦǰ
ߴһĽѩҡҡͷˣȰǻǴͷͤɲһȥġ
šĽʡ
ߵվߴû·ģֻЩģṦſȥ˵һṦɣߴźͤҡͷͤӵǺڽģǲõģƣһûɫ
ĽһԶɽ¶Сͤһֻӥվɽɽǵһ壬λ֮վСͤԸǣɿĺ档
ĽƽʱСͤ
ߵû˹ܵģ˭ȥɣҲûʲôͷͷȥһء
ĽͷЦ˼һṦ
ԺЦǲɵģֶǸߣȥһأ˺Ǻʲôɿģ
͸ż֣һ۾ܿԺ뽾ֶй⡣
ĽַѩߣתɽдеְɽǲɽȴС
ûҼӣɽ·Сһһ뿴ΧĵΣҪġ
Ѿ˴򲻹ܵ׼̽ξΪǻû޵еĵز˵ֲסҵĸơ
ɽʱ˼ߣЩ߶ĽѩûʲôΪһǺߡ
ɽ߶ɽʱľʧΨйͺͺľ޴ʯͷȻһ巽ξʯϣһСͤ
ʯԼʮ¥ߣվʯ³ԾɭȻ֮Уʯֱֱº޽ҪһԾϡ
ʱͤˣˣ־ĸܣĽѩ
ĽѺõĵͷѩһһ̤СͤεĽݡ
ͤʱסˣЩʱĽҲ֮٣סˡ
ߵ磬ǿʳǿ߶߼ʹƣҲиһ㣬֮ԣ޷ı䣬ĽԼҲˡ
˿ѩòзǷ֮룬ѩչʾṦһ°ǵȥԷѩ˼弸֡
ĽѩƮСͤУѩ˿ҲܣʦܣҰܺãαطҪ
Ľָָ棬СͤǺʯֱȥĻֱӻ뺣С
ĽЦغҵˮԼ
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ĽЦеĵλСֵҲ֪ң
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ĽЦԼã
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Ľ뺣ҵûʲôϵֻǺ˽ѣǿɼ
С㣬ȻǼġС
Բ겻ʾһǴСѣ
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ΪΣĽЦʡ
ԲС۹ܸߣ벻۵ģûʸѣǻûһء
Ľҡҡͷ̾ѽϹڼȴѵúͿôģ̫ۣ
ѩһۣĽЦȻඣؼ̫ܳҲѣѹ̫ǲǣ
ٺ٣ǡԲԺΪȻ
Сһ̫ҫԣվǰʵĪѹҲҴһڡ
ĽЦʦ㣬ŪЩƲڴ˴ȾƱһо
šѩףƮƮСͤ䵽ʯͷ£Ȼתʧ̬
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Ľڰ֣ҲԵݣҺȼ˵ҶԺС˽⼫û뵽ȴġ
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ôǰλĹ˵СȷʵǸӿ͵ģǿô
Ľ߰Ա˵Ļ߾ǷƨԶЦ̫⡣
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ĽЦУϲŮ˶һ㣬ڲϲˣ˱ֱŵģһɡ
ЦͷĽ⻰˵ҲҵȻеĶ࣬СߵĶŮˣ˵ġ
ĽЦƢҲе֣Ͳ˵ˣôȥֵͷϡ
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Ľҡͷںʲôģ
ԲǵԺĵӣƽʱżپƽʱľ
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ԲҡͷǲɵģԺҪ书ʦųɣǻԶţ
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Ľﵽʦʵ׵úܣȵһžѧʦѧܹ֮ﵽʦûķɽݣͽ԰׷ѹ򡣡
ʦķԲͷ
ĽЦʲôķ
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ĽƬ̣Ǻҵشķɣ
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ĽҡͷĲķһ治֪ô
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ʦܣˡѩ
ĽЦǲ˵ҽ˵ΪʦķǵһڶĹؼǴ
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ĽһΪԽԽãԽԽǿ˾
ĽҡҡͷʵҲǺ˾֮ԣԶ໻١
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ɱɺ䱡˾׽ĽĻ
Ľŵܶȴʦľϲȥǲһִֻ֮Ҫ·ߣʦһƬ̹;
лָ㣡˻ͷ
ĽЦ˵˵ΪʦúܣûбķĻҪʮңܿǴ
˶ʱ¶ʧɫĽЦڶʮɣٹʮ꣬ʮ꣬ʦҲ㲻ˡ
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ǿûôԲҡҡͷ
ĽЦеĵ˵ԵͬǿģŭξһѾǿöࡣ
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ĽüͷЦðɣ˵Ҳ֪⺣ҵķô
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Ϲصġѩ
ĽЦú֪ǣ
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Сԭ̽ɱ˽æλǴСѣˡ


128 һ
ĽæͷǾǣǲˣŭξʲô˲ֻһա
С֪ô죿ѩҡͷΪȻĵѻܲɣ
ѩܺļҲѧֶΣΪĽһ֮ȴ
֪ΣᷭġĽЦ㻹֪ӣӲʵģ˽⣬ȲңǱ۸ֱޱӣ
ѽѩҡͷ
Сæܽ¸֪С㡣
ĽЦİɣֻĸ֪ҾģҪ˰ɣôһ˵е鷳ұһ⣬ֳʲô
СæҪģŭξʵܼ࣬һǾĳׯ壬Ĺ⣬ڶǡ
Ľüţһʮľ䣬ŭξķ٣һ˲㣬ÿķǰ˾䡣
Ľ֮û˵Ƭ̣ҡҡͷķȫʦ硣
ȫȻɴ۾
ĽţȫģҲʦֻһǷȥ
ʦæʡ
Ľɵڰ˲㣿
Сҡҡͷûأֻ˵㡣
ĽԶţԽԽǰת̣ܶԽԽһݾǰķһɵĻˮɣٳɣ
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Ľѧñչأ¶ģҲҪ޳ɣ޳ɲأ
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ĽЦеĵٺòǰķһһǰǺһȡͬ·ߣķֻһ·һ·̫ӣ̫ѣԲ㣬Ǻһڶ·߽һ𣬾Ǵβ̣ٵ
渵˵赭дȴޱȡ
Ľܿ˵꣬һЦ˵ż򵥣ɲףתһζҪʱܾãҪһתȦתȦûʲôЧķѩһԽԽķѩûȱͲˣȻһνһѩȻûǰܶʼȻɣСһǣʦֻһݾÿξʱʱʮʱЧޣ
˻Ȼһඥ״
Ľɵ㣬ͱչذɣҵָǼ䣬ؼһרע۳Է˯éҪתķֹͣزͲˡ
ǡͷ
ȥɡĽ
֪ܼСʡ
ĽЦô²ඣҪˣգ뵽ٵĻҲָ㣬ǣʮ죬ûЧ㡣
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ĽЦЦɽƣ
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ղźǰɣѩʡ
Ľҡͷǵǣŭξȷʵȫҽ̵ķһɡ
ģѩŵʡ
ĽǺЦ˿ɲףˣҲǵԵˡ
ΰ˭ܻսģѩʡ
ĽЦսģСһһֱֻ̬ȣǵ鷳ȸǺС鷳ǿ
еġѩҡͷ
Ľʦ㣬ŭξм䷢úܣһһӣԽԽǿķ٣ŭξȴж֮
ȷʵˡѩͷԦٺò
ԦУɽһһһǿԽԽǿʹһնУһһնʱ
ҡͷԦѾǶѧҪı̸ףҪķӴѪ
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ѩ¶ЦݣϲĻ²ôϲ
ĽϣȥңкǺǡ
˵Ц뵽ʱΡ

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һī̶Ȼ֣Сɰͣ⣬ҡһվȣײϴţ顱һ졣
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СĨһǵѪգЦ壬¹شұϼС㣬£С㵣𣡡
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ףСС𣡡æַסţţ޺˼䣬ȴŽ˴š
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ĻŲϣȴڽһһһһ㣬ҪϢܡ
ԼС꣬Լᱻڴſڴطνܡ
ο࣬ᱧĽСתһСԺæȵӣˣ
֨һ鲼ѣ׷ͯգ̨ףôСӣҹģ
ֱӱĽȥŵһŰϣСʲôˣزأ
ơһĽ࣬ҡͷ⺢ܿˣͦصˡ
Ͻ˵˵ûĵ
ߵλǱǿˣ֮ûҪСҪȻûˣ
Сӡҡҡͷ̾ҪС㣬˵ҹģҸȥС
йأ˵书ˣ˵ǹϵشС㻹ȥСɡ̾
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ðɺðɣƴţתǶȥһ㡣
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ҩ켴һȥ˱飬鰸ǰ飬ƹڰúܡ
ĽڰϣҩֱӻΪһ˿อ֮תʱӯ
Ľ̾Ǻҩȷʵƴ֣һƽӾȻҲҩ
ֻܵ˹£˲첻ҩҲ޷
Լյ蹦򣬽Ų
æ飬ӭ˳ȥȴҹɫкһϮ°ۣӨˮٺ
һСܸں棬
С㡣߱ȭ
ֱʣϣСô
ߵҪ˵ȴް֮ˡ
Ǿͺáͷֱǰ
Ľŵǣװģü֣Ľϡ
Ľֻһ˿Ϣ˽æȥװģһ߸
ΪŹ֣֣ޣһһˮƮݼߡ
ͷһϣŹֲ֣ز¶ص£һʩչϢźѸоó

ȷʵ˲ᣬ˭µ֣³һĽอת
Ľ΢۾ãȻ۾ȻҪС㣡
Űɡڰ֣С𣬺µ֣
ĽεС㣬ܣ
˭üʡ
Ľ˵ض˵С֪
Ǻģ鲻ʵ
ĽҸһ㣬òһ㣬һֱЦᡣ
ͷôˣ
Ľ¶ɫԴ˵
ƳһۣǲҵĲ
ĽæҡͷҾǶ࿴Ů鼸ۣû˼һư
Ҵˣ
ţ˵ССߵˡĽСĵ
Сߵˡҡҡͷðɣ֪ˣúˣ´Сĵ
ǡĽЩĵ
˼룬ҡҡͷϣҪ˰ɣ
ϵѾҩȥúýţʱҩǡ
ˣһͷ
ĽæС㣬ؼˡ
šףת뿪ӣƮˮϺɻ
ĽЦЦߵСӣ仰㻹żë
Ľ书˵СģȻܲСġ
СӣȥɡЦ
ôˡԸ
Ľæҽ͵ûȥ
޺޵ĵðɺðɣСӣȥ
ϷԸһЩţ𶯡

Ͽ뿪ֿһ飬Ҫ˯£ȻŲ죬š顱һ±ƿ
æںȫ໤˴Ϊǵˡ
С㣿Ȼ
ɫࣺϣСô
ǡϵͷС
ֱǰҿϵı죬ľдһ֣ȻһһΣ
ɫҪγˮϣˣȻԶԣԡ
С㣬ǡָŰ齣Īĵ
ҡҡͷЦһһһ
֪ȤĲʣŤߣſںȻͣסŤͷϣ²ض˵
Сɻ
ҡͷС𣡡
⡭ϸɻ
ϼס˵ǣȨʲôû
ǡɻСΪ˵С𣬰ŪͿˡ


129 
ĽصСԺʱҹɫŨѩڿﾲĶ飬飬ȥ𣿡
ĽЦ󹦸ɣ
ⴿǺѩΪȻ̾˷´οɾඣһἤصɱġ
Ľҿֶඣסҿѡ
֪ǱУһΪȫıԼòЩסؼǶ
ͨ˽˼룬Ը񼰾мɡ
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ϣ˭ܰ˭ʧܵĿܣ໤ȴⲻڡ
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ĽЦһ仰һ
ѩҡͷһ֪ǸĸģܵһҪģ̾ʦ𡣡
ĽЦʲôУʦİɣʹҲʧ˷ִ硣
ԾôصôǣҲԻԤϺ
ѩҡҡͷŮ˸ǲͬġ
ĽЦʦ㣬ǸѶ
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ĽѩһۣѿĽʦİɣǵˡ
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û˼ٶֱӳ˾¥˺棬ѾΧһȦĸӣ౻ţ˫˫Ŷסƾһӵ˫֣ǿվ
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ĽȴһüëΪǰվĸ꺺ӣī̾װ˫Ľ
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˴ˣԲ꺺ҡҡָЦǺҿ֮Ȼ봳Ǹͼı죬ҪɱǺҵӣǻһ棬ΪֻֽŽǲٺ˾ͳɣûȡǺˣ󣡡
ĽЦҡͷ˴˵ΪǺҵӵƤô񣿡
²Լ̫ôԲ꺺ɫһ֣̫¿ɲɡ
Ľ΢Ц·ƽ˲ȣʵڼߣôѵѵңҴֽŽȥǲǣ
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ĽһüëתһߣĸһٴεǰĽٻǸŶǵǰ
Ľλǲϰˣǰɣ
Բ꺺Ӱڰ֣Цеĵ˵̫ˣ˵ʵɣǴСԷԸģҪվһ뿪ǸЩϲ֮˵ľʾٷԼǴСһƬģȻܹˣ
ĽǺЦһС㣬СĳҲݵģΣҽεĻһ˿ϣʹָܻ糣ˣܶһ죬ǳǲˣһɷ˵ģǴСʴȵĻβȰǵˣ
ǺǣǴģٸҽΣΪ˶˵Ǹʡٲ֪ǳɱ֮ԲЦеĵ
Ľ΢۾Բ꿴ƴ³ȴǸ黬֮̾ûǶƤӣЩҽҪһ룬ֵò졣
Ǻǡ죬ô취ѽԲЦеĵѲɻҪ֣
ֻˡĽ
ԲҡͷǷˣǸǰ֣
Ľٺֻ¼ˣ
Բһ֣ЦеĵǺѽҲҪһ¸У
Ľһ֣ұط϶ֽŽҲֶϽŵζ
ôĿѽԲЦһ֡
׳Ĵվ˳ȰĴ̽ĽץһζȻûĽ
Ľز¶Ҳѵѵҵĵӣ̫ĿˣҲܵѵ
岻׳ץԼ׳ЦЩм⣬ָһҪĽ
Ľҡͷ̾˿˺񶾣˼ĻҲΪˣҡͷһ
飡׳󺺶ʱ˳ȥӹȺ䵽ϣΧһȦ˫۾⣬˽ѵˣ
Ľҡͷֶ񶾣ֽţǺҵĴͳɣǴ󳤼ʶˣ
ɫ΢䣬֪ǿۣȴǸԻģΧĽ
Ľһ˴򲻹ȺŹǺҵӾϢɣǡ
ҡͷԵ̾˺ȻЦ꺺ɫ࣬˫ĽĿΪǧٿס
ĽЦеģ꺺ӶϺһס죡
˵ĺȻЦһʧȻֹ
ĽЦǺô磡
Сӣǲɱ֮һСֺ˫ıɱ
ĽӴɱˣ
ٸϻ֣Բ꺺Ӻһͬʱƣʱɳʯסǵۡ
á顭һӰ˳ȥæҵԼϡ
飡ͬʱأ׳ߣǡòɳһţ·˯һ㡣
ĽЦҡҡͷߣǷ׷׺óһ·Ľ߳ûվסһϺ
ĽĸʬһļһʱͣסĽŤͷȥֻʮī̾װǶ
ĽҡҡͷҲǺҵӣ
ҺôĵӣҴǺҵˣһӢֳȥ̽ĸꡣ
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ĽҡͷǺҵܲʵʵģǲĺãþǣÿ
ӢҡҡͷȰ־͸ɣǽȥС㲻ɱ㣡
ĽʧЦ˼
ӢЩĵȰ˵ΪԼ书Ǻҵˣӳ𣿡
ĽȻඣ˺ҵôˣҵ˸󣬾ʹ򲻵ˣ
Ӣ״֪˵Ľֵ¼£ȻˣǾ͵ˣ
Ľɣһʡ鷳
ϣӢһ£ճߵ
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á顭ͣʮ˶䵽ǽ£Ҳɳһš
Ľİƣҡͷҵʧء
˵ٴǰߣĸһｩʬţûٴ˳֣ȴߡ
Ҳī̾װ̫ѨСң˫۾â䣬ʵʣһ˵ϡ
һǵʣ˱֪ĸֻˣǶĽһѺĽʵڿ书
Ľҡͷض˵ְɣ
ѩվȺûĽ˼ŪĽ⡣
Ľһʱսһţйٴΰ߻ɡ
ЩĽɵĵûֶϽţֻǻԹȥǱĽӲȥġ
ֻ˵ˣֻǲ˹ƽʱҪҪúõһҡ


130 
Ľƣһ£ҲٸԼˣܲʰ˺Ҷ˽
Щ˶˶Сһ㣬ҲСһڹؼʱܸı档
ƢȻҪֶϽŵģҵһѵϾԼҲںϣ̫ˣ̼˺һҲ֮֮ǰƿҪˡ
ΧһԽܣ˫۾Ź⣬˷Ī
ǰĲͬǰҲҺҵ鷳С죬һ¾ͱʰˣЩǹͷ
ĽȴͬʰˣҲʰˣЩԺĵҲʰˣһֹһ
ףЩԺӿɶЩ֣ƽʱѵüһǸ֣ļһҲסһԺӡ
ڵˣԺһΧԱĽûԹȥǹ
ĽЦЦɨܣɻкҵ붯֣
£ΧһƬžûӦ
ĽҡҡͷкҵҪ֣
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¶ֵַؼʵҲȡʤǺ޻֮ɳߡ
ʮѳһһĽǰһ˵ĳ֮˫һУʱʮһظǰ
˫Ƹһ࣬ʮѳһ½һһ黨һһ࣬黨һ
ᰴ˰֮Խʵձúģ·һ㣬Ľһף顱һء
ҡҡͷ̾ǻ°ɣϵ̨Ĺ
žžһȻȻһ߻ȺĽǰúãһƯ
ü԰ףɫк׷֮ͯ磬ο̣࣬վȻһʦȡ
Ľ΢۾һߣҡͷǰҲǺҵˣ
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ĽǾգиһͽ̣һҪϽȥˣ鲻ã
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ƮƮƣʱεΧֻ֮Уɼĺ˼
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Ѿ뵽ƽ֮Ĵָ͵һ͡һХʱӿķɳʯǵǷ׷ױˡ
͡Х죬ĽĴָһһָʵʳֱֱ̳
ԸŭѧһһӵľֱƳһƷǽʯķһͺʱ־ãݡ
Ľָޱȣ񾭵ͬСɣж֮ָ΢ת䡣
üͷأҲû뵽Ľ˼֣˵ԺĵӶԸϾˣȴû뵽˵ãѷС㡣
Ȼ뵽˴СЩᵽһɨһĽ䣬ᵶңôһ͸ۣĵԶһĳ
ᵶһһĳɱȣͷۣںϴôĵʵЩ죬ںˮԽխϸĵԽǷ㡣
ʲôصĵᵶͷתһŬİŭ
ָ׶һֱƿһ谭ﵽǰҪؿڡ
߰Ծ̾ԼһŭƣרעƷ漰书˿һ˼ޱȣһһӣж
Ȼ費סָ׵ƿһһ㣬ָ֮£氤һָס

˼УĽָԽƵת˲ָ֮ͬǰһָյһָ
顭һ죬ָڹϣȴƿ
ĽҲ̾ѣû뵽ߵ˾ʤһŹ֣ŭξʩչŭƷߵǿ
ǿĽָҲֲסһָ֮£ߺܿˣԽԽԶ
Ǿȵĵɴ˫ۣ߿Ǻĳ֮һȻһ˱Ƴ
ĽȻ͵һȭ顱һ죬߷ڿƮԶһء
ۡһѪҡͷЦ
Ľȭ˵ǰߣҲû
ĸʬһļһں棬ĽȺȥһֱţ뿴һû˶֡
ʧˣҲû˶֪﷢һУǾŵģз紵ݶҾ֪
ѽܰѺұƳģԴǶ״Ρ
Ľҡͷü׺ΪλŵƾǲѵҪҵ
δģֵô̽һ̽ҵĵϸҵʲôĸ֣ʲôɱﵡ
û뵽⺣Ҳݵģǲƣװͷڹ꣬ͼɱԼġ
ҡͷ̾Ϣֵһ治룬ԭԸ˵ģƫ˷뺣ˣܾ⣡
Ѿͷ൱ĸо۸Ȥö࣬ͨ˶ıԣϸ书ûж֡
ҪɱˣҪ̽һ̽ϸǣʦ㣬ԼдŲʦȴɡ
Щ˺ߣһҴϣĸһί¡
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硪Աһæһѡ
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Ľڰ֣ķɲôģҪԵ˿ͷ
ģǾԻɵģĸ첲
ֽϿˣһε֧ţĽԻ
Ľðɣھʹķ
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Щظ¹Ź֣Եȷʵʺ£ʲôΣܶһ棬ܽŻǲ˷ĵġ

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ķļֵԶǽǮɺԸıһ˵ˡ
Ľʦ㣬ҿ㻹һɣȥ֮ͤᡣ
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ѩûӦﻹһöݷһҲɶߡ
Ľ֮£ֻܴһǰͤ


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ϰϰġ
ͤУһῡӣ뺣мФߣü԰ףɫ
Ľһ֪ŭξŭξˮķ磬Ȼ٣ա
ῡʵӣĽǺֳ谣ĽüͷſΪ
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ĽɽʱѾɽСͤξ۵ףҳ֮ޱ
ĽԽ裬ûˣʲôУӾѭ浸أɱﵷڰ
ĽȻͣסʦ㣬Ҫߣһ㡣
ڵһ֣дУϵḷ̌ˮֳ㣬㣬˵Ӫ㡣
ѩףţ֪ˡ
Ľﲼһ󷨣ֻҪ̤ҪֿɲףʧЧ
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еѩĵͷԼ벻˹Ȼǲܱȵġ
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ӯӯЦͷѽЩӹÿɺã
Ľ֪˺ӣ˰˸ɲţЦԽɱԽ㣬ʱûɱġ
ĽЦޣ֪޲óԼҡͷЦ㲻СҲⶼǺҵĹѽ
һôﰲǱݡЦЩˣĴɱ٣޶²
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ͷأЦӯӯĵ
ĽҡͷС߯ˣ֮£ȴӲƽգֻڳԺڣȴеˡ
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뵽ҵ˶Щɱ˼Ũһ죬Ҷܰȡ
⣬һֶ̫Σֻ谵ʩչƣúĻ̻̣ɢȥԴ˲ܲ

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ĽǺЦҡͷС㣬֪ԽǵȻɫԽ˵𣿡
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ѩҲǱˣʱӦ
ȻǺˣֶΣǾǾȻȥˣҲΣյúܣһȷʲôҩ˺ϻᷢ
ʱ첻飬еصزӦããҲҩֻܵ뵽ѩŭһ³
ԷתһϢӿѹסϳŭ𣬾ôһѩָǣһ˼£Ľζǡ
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˵˵͸һģɳƶԸУǻһˡ
ĽЦѲǷɣ
ҡҡͷ²ġ
ĽͷЦЦС˼ƣǸ֮ѽ
Ȼ΢Цһȥü˰ΣĽЦеĵСǲ֣û˼ƣ
һ
ĽЦʦɫ˶ֹˮˣһ׿ɲඣ
Ťͷһ۷ѩò绨ɣȷʵѵһľɫ˶һⲻġ
ҡҡͷ̾ˣֻӲӲʰˡ


132 ش
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Ľϸϸƣһ㳤խ֮һңԵø޳鶯
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һȻЦ·һĽͬͷͽˡ
ĽЦС㲻ؿְɡ
ءһУ⻯Ϊһ㺮âĽؿڣٶ졣
ĽŤܹ⡰ءͣһһ㺮ǻû˺㺮âͬʱ֣ѷֱ١
Ľ״εն֮һ㺮âԻΪ⣬ƽΪãʵʵ֮ɼһ㡣
ءߣտʼŵûΣһĪķң
Ľæһѹͷ⣬ٿ༸ˣѩû༸ȴɣ¶˱֮ɫʱҪƢ
ĽȻһһ֮ʸŶϺһͣ
ͭӴֱġ
ǰ㽣ʱһͣһ񣬶һ£Ľһնг
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Ľһǿᣬ˸ֲڽʩչһԻĽһһɢǡÿסˡ
Ľץסһᣬһն˳ֿտգһնϧ֮顣
Цͷʲô򣿡
ĽӺᵶ磬һߺߵħ
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ѩᵶԱȣǿᣬᵶʱ֣³˵ģĽȴףһ׹Ʒָһ鶯Զ书ǿǿ
ָڵһصɣɷö
߾񵶾ˣĽ֮̾࣬Ȼһ䣬߾񵶵ķ飬ۼĶΪڳϴ˵ǿһ׼ݡ
پʱϵ֮ʣһԣӦܹʮкֲ֧סٴһ֣ԶĳΪĽ
Ľһһ죬ٴη˳ȥһֱӷɳСͤ䵽ɽµĺ
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ѩϵĽ΢΢ҡͷʾٰ꣬һ˵书·
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ѩǴѪ΢˵ʦܣȥϡ
Ľҡͷһ㣬ʦˡ
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ĽȥסΣҪһǲˣֱ߰ɡ
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󴬿ˮµĴ̿ԽԽܼ书ԽԽǿ
飡һˮʮӰˮ˳ӥĽϻųѩ
ĽԶԶһȭ顱һ˷˳ȥ˽Ľһȭַɳһˡ
Ƿɵǰʱ˷ɳˣĸһеĽҪһһķɣ͵һǣ顱һըѪ䡣
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ʦ㣿ææŤͷۡ³һѪղźŭƣȴԼ
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ʱһ¸תɢԣΧĽȻԴС


133 
̧ͷһƣԼŷѩĴȣѩʯϣ΢ƺ˯С
Ľֻǣĸо಻ȥ
ŷѩ԰׵ӣޱȣһϧҪȥʹܸ࣬
Ҫһȴʹһʧȥ˿ƣͷٴ䵽ϡ
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Ȼԣһ˿ڣֻ岻ԷӦȴ׷ʲôֲ˵״̬һ
Ľƴˣ߶طʩչ֮ھȻԼȴԼˣʢһϢ
ĽЦʦû¾ͺá
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ѩҲҪˣֻҪһӾͺá
ĽЦƫƧʺϾסɡ
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ĽϧҲܶˣСʲôҲûУ
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Ľʩչۣ֮䲻֮ܶԹãϵͳͳ档
֮۸գС۵ףǰ뾶һҵԲСɽϧ̫Сˡ
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ѩҡͷôصˣôԣ
ڶأԲ׳ԣһжĻԭ壬ܼʱƳ
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ĽĺᵶŵĽͷԣȥȥ
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Ϊ˻񾭣һ߾ڣͣȻ˾Ľ롣
֪̾ʲôΣȻҲ޴̸ҽΣֻȻָˡ
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ֱԼû֮Σָ书ɲôˣҪúҺġ
뵽һһǻʲô³᲻ᱻˣֻҪûͷͲôɡ
ǸЩ׸棬вɱЩʵڲ飬ĺ
һεֶҲúܣջ󣬱ԼϳˣȻںɱ֣Щɱֶʿ
ˣΪ֪ôɽϣͨ˵ص
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䵽治ԹƻԼ书ǿ̫Դ֮±㡣
ԼһЩ书ǿһЩͲˣҲ䵽زҪ书ġ

ʦܡѩ˼Ĺӹ
ЩԼƻСǱɫɬǲóԣѩȡһǣ¶ѩ׾ӨĹ⣬Ʈһ˿㡣
ĽЦʦ԰գûġ
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Ľεĵʦ㣬ͣ˲飬۸
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Ľ̾ðɣʦ뷨ˣҶӶˣ
ѩ¶Цݣһ͵Ľ߳Աߵ޾֮·ôСĵй
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Ľڤ˼룬Ϊ˾棬ԼܵˣڣֻΪ˶ǿŲƣټ͸֧Ǳľ
˼֮УʱţԼֲиŬҪָƿأȻûʲôչ
վϵȴʧˣᾫҪɹ֮ʣȻʧ٣Ŭȫ׷ѡ
ǰʱ۶صˣֻҪվУ֮ϵʵҲűá
ȴûҪ޸ҲܣΨϣ޸幦ġ
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յ¸ܾ࣬ûоˣһֱУ׵һ̲Уʹ붨ȫδףԱš
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ʦѩԼ촽촽ܲ͸磬ಿûиоȴиоܹԦ˵ܳԶˡ
ᶯ˶촽Ŵˣ㣬ĺ촽סá
Ҫ˱ѹȴֻǾãϢת
۾ѩѾۣ糺


134 ׷ɱ
ĽæֱװԣղʶᱡѹĨ档
ϢڿڱǼתĽ޲פ˿̡
оѣѩ鸴ӣɬţĽһһ˿ʧ
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ƮƮ䵽֮ʣȴһվСĽʯϣЦߡ
Ľ³һʦ㣬ܣ
ӲģֻӲƴˡѩҡͷǰɬŭʧ٣
ʱΧȺΧ£ϳһԲȦӵĻֻӲƴվСĽʯϣЦ
ȻЦӴͷôˣ羡ɥء
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ĽһĶãСͲҶһ֣
ЦǾͿͷıඣ
Ľҡҡͷʦ㣬һƪ
ѩףԭδղŽ߾ȫӳΧѾƣʧٶԽԽ죬ʵֵ֪ܼʱ
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Լһӹӯָǰ߶СҲһʩչһ
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˵ķԶˣķ֮ûߣĽСϣݴ
Ȼ̧ͷüʦ㣬ҪϷ籩ˡ
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Ľҡҡͷֱӳȥ
籩仯ѸٶĪ⣬Ҫƹȥίʵ̫ѣȥջڷ籩ֱӴС
ԽԽƴ˷ӿѹͷɫ䰵ĺɫӿ
ء罥ԽԽʧȥƽζԽԽСźУӰ죬ӭУ谭ԭ߶СһҪ֡
ֻСٶȲ䣬ѩͣʩչӯļӾ磬ʧҲӿ졣
Ľɫ԰ףæʦ㣬Żٶȡ
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СҲ٣˦һ￪⡣
ѩһʮƣͣµϢղ򣬱ըγƶС
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˼άתʱתø죬һ뵽˶ݵݵɳز谭ǰС
΢۾ѲǶˮ֮һˮд򶷣ռˣԲˮ
ѩȡѵɽ֮ʣСȻһԾ𣬷ɽ˺ɽһߵš
ХһʣСΪһ壬볤Ϊһ壬߻Ϊһ׺ȥ
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ƳСԶƮƮ֮ʣºȻһ֣бһܿ
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ɵһֱղأ֪ںδɵƿս⣬ƿֱĳء
ɵ߶㿪ûܷķɵĳ
ݣŭĽɵվ֣ɵԦǾ
һ飬ûȡСƾҩ㹻ˣپȴѡ
ϧûܴ죬һУȴεסɵƲηײȴûȥ
ҡҡͷѪȴ̫أֻеľ룬ҲǸǿģͨʧЧԲ̫صˡ
ʦܣɱѩȻ
Ľҡͷûɱˣϧ
ѩʲô򣿡
Ľҡҡͷźɫ̾ѹ׵ɱﵣף
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ʱͷһۣһֱûٳ֣汻ɱˣѩĽĽҡͷ˵֮Σ˵׷Ǳˮɴ⡣
ѩƶĽɱﵣֲ˺ãһʩչһߴ߶С
ԼаʱΧȻһ籩ȻʧһƬأòʵ
ϣůڵģ죬ʪ͡
תͷһƬ죬Ǻҹ֮ҹָίʵ
ѩһڳˣ
ջϥĽߣ׼붨ˣĽЦʦ㣬˻ðɣ
ѩҡͷҪˡ
ţҰæšĽͷ
⻰ǰ˵ʹҲǰŰɣĽķɵ׷ֲסɵġ
ڲʹǳסԼƴ治֪ʲô˼ڶԼ

СĽ΢۾ƺҲ˯
ͣһٿˮ飡һ죬ڿһѪںϡ
ĽЦС㣬ˣ
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ĽС㻹Сģ
ЦʦشıףûⱦףҪأͷͷһҵӴ
һƺȫŭЦȻ֪ɱŨĽҡҡͷСףˣٿƣĪɱˣ
ðɣл
֪Ľ˵٣ǰǹĪһСǺԾã֫ܲġ
һͲ亹乣ͻأ֣ףֱʲôˡ
һǽңԼ޷ڶαԼôҲûõģɵʹõǹĪ⣬޿ɱܡ
С㣬ǻɸΪΣĽ΢Ц
ЦĵҲдء
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ŤͷһӨ͸СڿУüģ˿˿ƣס衣
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Цһٿһѩ󣬷ѩۣϢһӡؿڡ
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̾ʦ
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ĽһֱЦеģȴɭɭ˲ɵķҲķ顣
˸ģѩɿ붨
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ĽٷϻϽ˵
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˵ձ˫ۣһ
һۣ°ҧһһҪҪǧٱĻرųɣ
²ܲͷˣãã󺣣˵ĻνˮԾ뺣죬ˣ޷ʩչˮԺһ˶ѣһСɡ
Ľжϣƶʩ㣬ʱĶЧǿ书ԽǿԽԼ

Ľ붨ʵѾԣʱСѾͣһСǰ
ĽۣѾŮۣ֮Сէһֻ긡ںϡ
СͺͺģֻϡļʱŮڷľĽС
ѩ˼С뿪ñ¶߿ķλһֱľֻ֪ʹʲô
ҲȥҲ˵ס
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ҡͷ̾Ϣָ治ף˿ûкת֮񣬺ʧˡ
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է䣬СȻһΣػζٿһֻ޴֮ϸһʱУһͷ
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136 ʦ
ʱûۣȴѾоͬ
綼ˣγɫʷḻȥǰ˫ۡ
̫ڿգܿÿһɫںϣܿݵĽëܿÿһܿˮƮŵÿһС档
ЩһɸжȻ컯֮羴Բλࡣ
ۣ΢Цʦ㡣
ʦܣ㲻Ҫɣѩæʡ
ĽЦǡ
ƤףƤȹͨţסȴһ顣
ѱʴˣֻܴѩ
ĽЦʦȬˣѵã
ʮˣѩǶȬˡ
ûٰ㣿Ľߵ
ŲѩҡͷЦмľٰ֮ˡ
ĽƲ죺ǿ˵׼Ů˲ܲ
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ҷ󣬷ɵסһˣ˾ߺƵľԵɺ֮£Σ̤˴ʦ硣
һжԵɺϣĽ̾Լˣˡ

ĽЦߵҳˣǳ˰գҿǽǽʵԶʤǰ֡
ⶼƵóбߵʲôӣ㲻ϲ㣬ֻܳ⣬ǳԲ塣
ɣҶӶˡĽЦ
ѩȥ
ƮƮȥĽЦеĴźúëߵʲô
ĽЦСִʲô⣿
ôˣҺĺţС֮ĶȾ֮
ĽЦеĵ֮ðɣ
ûŲ㣬һһߣҪץϹˣһ㣬ȴǺˣûϵ㲻ܳ⣡
Ľûǹؼɣ
ڰ֣㣬ǸϽɣǱ߻ż
תˣĽҡͷЦøãһƣһġ
ѽһ
ĽЦҪջ򣬡С㣬㾿Ǻźɣ
ҡҡͷ˵˵ҲˣҵľˣҲܸ㣡
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Լˣ֮״ǾŮڵӣ
ѩܿѾкõ⣬Ȼʦûڸˡ
ĽЦǾͿζʦ㣬Թ֮Ǿͻȥɡ
šѩͷ˵ǵû˺ֱ׽ȥˣ
ĽЦǿǻɱͷ֮ǰҺǣ
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ĽѩᵽʿѩûʲôӦ̫ˣѩʹġ
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ԾŮڵĵ˵ҵʿѣǾԻ󷨣
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ûСѩҡͷ
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ĽЦеĿһۣٿĺɳȥ䵽ʮ⣬ٿƮػԭλá
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ĽЦС㣬ʦһƬģҵݣˣʲôǳҵɱģ
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һһС㣬λүֶβĽЦһʧ


139 
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140 ָ
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141 
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֮УʱƹȥԽԽڣףس¶
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142 
һҴ󴬶ǰӿǰѾ˴粽Уͽ޹ߺȣǶԾ𣬴һҴӹżڴһ㣬ǰ塣
ĽΧЦʦ㣬С㣬ﶼˣǲ̫ۣ߰ɡ
ЦմҲãôҧ
ѩŷ׷׷Ծɶ˻ˣεҡҡͷһ˿ҰĲܻĲ֪м
ҲԹ̰ģʦܲõն̫ˣʦűмܾܾˡ
ĽֶѾʩչһΣЧǷһںİæ£õøӾģԿܡ
ʦ㣿Ľѩ
ѩ̾߰ɡ
ƮƮ뿪С̤ź貨У˶貨֮ںƽأҲ˴һֻֻӹʱ涼һˣᴬϵ
ĽȻЦʦ㣬и⡣
ʲô⣿ѩʡ
ĽЦҲɱˣֻҪЩŪߣŪͳɣһоǸ׳н
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Ľһۣҡҡͷϱ鲼ľӵó
ѩʦܣȥɡ
ĽһתʲôļƲ˲
Ʈһֻֻ󴬣СʱɽҰˣĽɨһۣԼһǧ
ҡͷ̾ޱǺȻ֮ĺԼҪһһɱ֪Ҫ¡
ɽҰѰţҪҵʦűֻҪǴʦճ֮߽ļֵΪߣΪãҲˣ
ôһСдʦűĻزסģڵҲڵó
һһңһطͷ޲ðÿһƬɹһ飬ʵ
Ľҡҡͷ֮۸ۿ޼ɵƻСҿŹÿһʯͷ
ֱᣬȴЧ̫Ծƽ棬ʱɣСȾ˽ɫ
ҵˣҵˣһɽʱȻȣǶʱǱӿ˹ȥ
ûܾһ룬ȻҵˣΪβĵķƣƲ죬ôд󺰣Ω˲֪
һȣʱ޲һ˹ȥռΪУΩֱȣļٵȥ
ѩһĽʦܣôǰ״󣿡
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ѩԭǹˣֲüˡ
ĽЦɱҲġ
ͷͲպϳǼ
ĽЦЦҡҡͷѩãʦܻǸİòڵģǰͬϲġ
ԭ˰ףҡͷʧЦͷ˽ƻҵײˣ
Ľ߰ɣȥ֡
ƮǱ߶ȥ溰ɱһƬȴǴһƬսĽЦôҵˣ˲żüãϧˣ
ңˣȻҵңȻš
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Ŷջ󣬼˿ܣ⡣
⣬ߣǴȥ
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Ʈɽ˴һȺ˶һȺˣһȺʮռסλһȺнǧѿĴ
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Ľ̾ȡɣ
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ͣɷ֣ûбĸɴ㵽治ȥ֣ǰǵĵ̫ͽȥĵòٶ֡
ʮһĵҲվˣҪ۵ģһǧˣĥǡ
뷨ǵͷı䣬й޹ֻҪסǣǣղʤʤ֮
ʮӵһ֮󣬻ƶߣ֮⿪·ҡ
Ľҡͷں֮ھں֮ڡ
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ѩüſб֮ȴ޴֪Щ˶ǻżˣ˸ɾ
ʦܣҪҪҳ֣
Ľҡͷʦٰ꣬ȺԻʱ򡣡
է䣬ͣһХ漴ʡ򣬶ʱ͡һƬİƿ
Ӷаն飬еķȥ䵽Ⱥе²ҽС
ͣһХУһӺȻƺһؿڻ£ɫƽ
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ѽĪˣѩǰ״ҡҡͷ״Ǹµ֣ǰûƳһֱΪʵͽġ
һϺУһȳ򵶹⣬ڶȻʮ˵ĵС
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ҽУһٿȥ˺ȵţ
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Ʈ󣬲̫Զ򿴵̫էۣ˻ɣǵעȫˣ޲˶һ
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Ľն񣬵ʱûжһᣬʮؼɢţʱһ֮ʮؼ׷׷ɢ
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Ľվɳ̲ϣսһŵˣбĽһۣͷǲ϶һ
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ʹĽΪβƳһСӣԵøĽЦ
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죬ƮĪ⣬ǰٿں׷˼±תȥˣ˷ʱ䡣
ѩˣҲʾһʧٿǰһ̽ưؿڣ׽סؼ㣬絸ˣ䳤һ磬
ĽЦеĴȴŮ书ǿһ㣬ڻսࡣ
Щţ۸Сһѹת۸ţѾ˰š
Ľһдʮţ˰ţǿƽ룬ϵű˴룬֣ͣΧ˺һһֻϡ
ֻ󴬹ͣڴϣΧûʲô˹ºҲû˶
˰취ݴֻ󴬣ֻγһΧȦѴΧڵС
Ľվɳ̲Ͽ֣ŮΧΰ죬ҲǵĻᣬһֱûʲôΣյĻҲƲǱ
˴ʦţʲô˶ûУɱѽ˸ߺȵ
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Ľ΢۾ŮȴȺеĸ֣ز¶Ρ
ҲǸ˼żͷҪȵһٳ֣ٵ档
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˼״ʧ׷ƴĳŮҪȴܣָ


143 
ĽҡҡͷǻǾ鲻㣬ӦϵΣǰΪ;
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Ů˺Уӵɱѩ鵭ģ־飬б֮ģһȴԥ
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¡һ죬˷׷Ťͷ
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ͷǣ⣬ܴСһײһΪݽȥ
óǹƿǰĴײһΣ󴬰ô²ͻˣСǲãһײϡ
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ʩչ֪ͨЩ˵Ǻصһ֧죬
֪ǵĴڣҲᣬֻһ³
һŹֵĹأնɱһߡ
ߵѡԼΣֻһŵģƾһҲˣʣԼһˣ档
ظԳĲбŷɥƽʱԶԶͻӣʱȴ˲á
ǶһۣԽӷҪǶǰţʹһҳҲãʦѧʹһҳҲǲ
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˵ǶǣĽĸоȴЩӦǷ˵ĵӣһ˿ǵķӰӡ
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ŮϴƮڿУķ֮¾ԣֻƮڿУЩҪǣֻܷԾС
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Ľҡҡͷ˵ѧ治СԼˣҲֻӲӲɱһѪ·
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ЩԸѩʱʹֶҲκβŮˣȴ
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ʮ껻һҴӦһ׳ȵѩһĽҡͷЦЦǺ


144 뿪
ĽЦһﵹǻ顣
ѩһֱ棬Σյġ
ĽЦ޷ģǴŻףװ
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ʹããҪ׷ɱҲѣֻҪһȥ޲ӣӲġ


147 
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ǷˣƲһ죬мĵ
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ĽҲֶ֪Σ̹ģ䲻ٶ˵ѩ÷ЦЦĽЦ¹Զȥɡ
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ĽһСԺ˵Ҳһȥ˵ɣӦֵͦġ
ʦţѩ÷Ʋһǡ
ĽͷЦ˵ʦű˵ȥˣﲻưոݣһһ֡
Ͳ½ȥѩ÷һ˵书ٸߣǰҲ˵һʧܱܡ
ĽЦҲմ֣¹ﲻƣ
ѩ÷ЦˣðҲãʦãһȥ
ðЦ˵ģʦ㣬ܴû˵ǣȴǿޱȡ
ôǵҪúˡѩ÷Ц
˶еԸ˵֮ϳԹ緹Ȼ뿪ǣ˴˷˵

ǵ˷˵ʮʱһֻֻ˵ȥֻһҶۣƮƮȻԵõǰһֻֻȴҴңת۹ԽС˵ȥ
ĽվڴͷŮ紵죬ˬˡ
ʱȴʪ󣬴Ϻ
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ĽЦûʲôģ̰û³ûһΣҲһΣԸɨƽ˷˵
ں֮ڱָˡҡͷ
СӿٶȣԽߣԽ֣ӵһֻֻ󴬺ں棬סǰ·
С鶯㣬Ŵ϶ߣڻǿ˷˵һ֮⣬һȦ󴬱˴һγһΧȦվ˺꣬ǡ
γһǽȫסͨ˵·ȥֻӲ͵͵ȥûָˡ
ĽҡҡͷǷ˵ֶΣ
Եѩ÷Ĵ˺ǣĮ·𸩿ϡ
ʦ㲻֪Ǿǰ˵ϣ˭صϵĹأ˵նɱȷʵһǺҶӲ
ѵãѩ÷ͷ
ĽЦС㣬ǺĿǣ
ʵһֱţû뵽죬ʵǻбİǼﺣǴΣûֳʤԱ˴Щɵˮˮ
ĽЦҡͷǺҵڷ˵񲻱عء
˵ǾΧ˷˵ǺҾ˶ബ࣬ǣЦҡҡͷ죬ڿɲˣͷҲ֪ˣ
ĽǺҾûа֣
ҡͷ̾ǵʵϾǿûʲôˡ
Ľǵδأүﻹһ֧㲻׶
šɫ΢䣬üĻһ֧
ĽͷҲܲһģɾ鷳ˡ
ֻ֧ҳڴүһүȥǾԲưոݣһҪҺ鷳
ڧʵʿģѹȥҲ̫ѪȣʧģҡΪ
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󴬻ˣĴֵָУһñֱ⣬һ֪ǷƷ
Ľ䵶һһ죬һΪأֻһ·ֿԺˡ
Сٿ˹ȥȻƮƮȥԭһԵֻС֮׷˹ȥ
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ѩ÷ͷţ߶ϲɽϡ
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ʲôµһѩ÷ҡҡͷߵ븡ƹͲѷǣϼȣɽŮڣǹţڱȼɶǣµһֲǣ
ĽЦԭˣˡ


148 ޻
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ĽЦǺǣɴˡ
ѩ÷ƲƲ죺Ӻɷ治ʹ죡
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ѩ÷ߵʲôɣǸˣʹɵжԣҲްڵཻ
ĽЦ˿ɿɲɣжɵĵཻģǻǲ֪ԷΪá
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ʦ㣬Ҳûġ
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⡣ͷ뵱Σ״ǼȺĶϲ

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µĿһ˿ʪУ֮ãӯ졣
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ѩ÷ҡҡͷ书ǿҲûõģʦеʰҿһӣ
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153 
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òٸվ̬ׯݷȵڵ޼ɣҹ


154 ײ
Ľε̾Σһֹס״ĶϺȣ޼ɣǰ
ʱѾǸǰȭ
ֻǰһΣĽѾ֣ԭվֻǹûյˡ
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ΪܸܵĽºƽȴԨƺԼǶ֡
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ѩ÷æͷǣʦ޼˺˼Ϊʦһֱ˵ɣҲ˵ʦһֱúҵ书أһֱõҵһͳһﺣרڳԺڣ˶ڹʦˣ˵Ԧǲ֪ڵӣһֱΪǸƹأʦҲôġ
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ɣһɨûĽɨŮӣߵ˭˵
Ůǰ˵ѣ͡
ŮǰסұۣЦʦ۽㡭޼ɵĲأ


155 
ŮɨһۣҲСѾͷеʦǰ˵ѣҲᱻʦ֣츳
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156 
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157 
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158 
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ڶ첻״뿪ǣһֻСƮƮ˷˵˵ʱѾǰʱ֡
˶ŶӣΪ˵ĵĺ÷ûʧһ÷кǡ
״ģһԷһӲټʱ˴书оԭĽˡ
Ȼʱ䲻ãǸпǧ˺ܾһꡣ
ģǹк뿪˵Ƿ֮أܿΪ״һԺȹĨĨͣ˵¡
ˣȻͣ¿ӣߡ
ţԽԽã䡣״ͷ
ϴǻһ̯أҪúðһߡ
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ΪԵ޹ʵͣ״
ĵִ˵ƵҪǰһӵԣԸ˵Ҫ˰ġ
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˵ڵĻһȥġ
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ˣҪȥϴ˵˵֪ͨһߵġ״
ڰ֣վϴһ죬ȥУ
˵ղȰ״˵˳ȥ

ʱ״һ֪ŵƽʣдϲ£ȴ˺ܶˣǽʱ˶ʮӣÿӶˣٶˡ
ҵԼ֣ǡһֿ˾־⣬˻λӣ־չ
˶һīȴߵı뺷ʣ˫ۿؾâ䣬۹·Ű˷
־⴩һۣԭһֱŹԴţҲΧ˵״ĸ¶Цݡ
ϴˣ״к
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ΧۣŵĶޱģǺ˵ģ˵ԭľһûУ
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İɣϯ϶־
״ͷҪ˵ȴɫһֻʮƮȻʮں棬ǽ˴֮ʮֱϴš
¡¡Ǻʯͷƣ¡һϣʱһǶȥ
״ɫ
˶ӦǸƴɱģֱˣһʽǹŴ򹷣Ƿ׷׳˹
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״Ѿγһ󣬰Ѿ־⻤УĽѣȻҪ
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״˻Ȼ׹ɱֵЩͷЩͷṦΪ񣬴Ҫ
ƺðɣ״Ц˫۱ź⣬ôԼûӽˣɶķ˵
ʱĽò˰״ĪģǰƲƲΪм
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˵ֱӴÿһ˶УǶʱһͷһѹʱҵ˴˵Ļ顣
ǵжʱһͣô׵֣ΪʽЩĸǺ֣Ҳô˼Ȧס
ߣ״ЦһͬʱӵһƮƮˣǵĵˡ
˵еһʩչõһõڶõһһһˡ
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飡һٿ˵⣬һӡڰ״ؿڣһ졣
״˺һĵһ˰״ĿȱʱһУһ˱λ
״һƣѪӿһƽǿᣬʮжȥ߰˲㡣


159 
ƶȫſˣⱩһߣ֣˼״Ҳĸ߸޿κΡ
־˵УеúܣһȼϣϴȶԸһˣ¹ң
״һȻģžϴ϶ɱˣ
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ɱ״ϺһĬʮĸϣһߡ
ЦһӭϣҪƿ˵ĺ
ͣߵĺɴ۾ŵĵŰ״ıӰĵĻ¡
״ַһߣǺ߲аŭһ˫ͻӣӰӭˡ
״ڿвܣӰӡԼ壬顭һУβ䣬岻Լģȴֱһߣ˲仮ߡ
͡ѪӺ罦š
״ٴηһߣǺ߹Ȱܣ˵а࣬ʲôһȴһ˹Թ֡
򲻹ܵù߳ȥĶϺһ˸ΪһΧ˳㻤ס˾־⡣
һУĵĵһЩ⻯Ϊήҡ
۸˵Ϊǲ˺һĽķǽ죬߱Ǵʮ꣬ʮĻ۾һܵ
һ򣬰״ˣһԾΧȻγٴλΪڹһ㡣
ǵĵ⣬޿κΣһǣƣһƮȥɱΧȺ
ʱѾ󣬱˴໥æǲ񷽲ɱᣬ׵֡
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һ˿ϣһӣǰ˶ɱ⣬һ³ȥˮһл
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Ȼһ壬ֱ˴ˣվɡZΣʵҲǲӵâ׳ס˺ǵĿ񹥡
ˣһ߶Ϻȡ
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֮һһȦȻӿ죬âٴαһף׶೤ĵâ൱ߣ糤ǹ졣
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˵⻰ʱƶ䣬籩Ĺ״飬ǸоΣա
顭״ǽƣ࣬âСһߣֻҡ
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³һѪӵѣһҪõģ
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ӣ״ǴϲŤͷĽվڰ״һģֱ˱һơ
ۣǸһѪʱһᣬƮƮɣƵҪҸй;
ʱâһףʮ⧲Ǿ벻ԭͿݵƾĸһͻ
â֮ĸ촦
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ĽЦСˣ
״˵䣬һ׷֮־׵ĵʩչǽڽںˣ֪ſڡ
״Ҳ֣ԼЩʽƫƫʩչˣһһεָԼ
ԲʮĽ磬ƬΧһ


160 ʥ
ΧڣԦԪĸľżһ㣬ݡ
ĽúüЩ
æס񣬲ٺ˼룬Ŭĸһһʽ²ͣǰһƿ˵İΧһֱ˴ſڡ
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Ľüǵĵǻ幦򵲲ס˲ǹͷȥ
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Ҳģ־Ŷµʵʵͷδģ
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״˵ĳƻһߣ˵صĵ񲻴ڣڵĴȥӹĸĺƺУǲĵĵȥ۹Թ
־ɴ۾̾ϴǾĵǿţ
״Цȴ˵ѾԼǱӲʩչ׵ѵãһҪѧ˲ųɡ
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ĽʯŸǰ˫ϣ΢һ״һ߹עߣһᵶ䱸һкߴչҪǡ
飡һըװУʯšһ»ΪһСʯӣһӳĽӡ
񣬾ĿһȺˣ״æܣ־ͷϽ尡
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ӣôûأ״ֵʡ
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Ľ˵Ĵ֮һңΪڣҪ˵٣ԾϴҲűˣҸطȵĹӰɣ
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־ЦðͷҸĶ
ĽǿߣѾϰ˺ߣҲ׼һӡ
úãˡ־ͷѡ

Ůڡ
Ľһһŵķ䣬һϮīбϣķһ顣
Ľһ֣ϷЦ绨ô
ɣĽЦԲǰһۺ
üŷ飬һϮīĵݣˣǡ
һ㵽ĽǰִһƣʦŪƣ㳢Ρ
Ʊ˰ƣһע뱭УƮ˿˿ƮĽС
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ĽͷǶֵ׿ڸҵģǺֶΣһҵӣȴԭҪժԼ
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ڵ˷˵뿪ˣ
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ĽҹƣԭѾ·ڻ˷˵ǲ޴󰭣ᶫɽģҲƴƴ󣬺ڻǡ
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޺޵Ĵûһ׶Ըģ
ĽЦж¼ҶԸһβɱ˶ֵܣ¼Ҳưոݣҹк˽ǣǿϧ
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侪ϲеʦ㣡
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163 
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س֣ȴһľСԺĽü֮۴򿪣ʱһСԺС
ڵλãС룬λһСԺΧ鲼ɭϣԺȴܰ
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ĽһȻڣЦпԼˣķζҪըˣԼôˣȴֵôԼɺ޿ɶ񣬸ɱ


164 ֶ
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168 
˵һĽľˣ˯ȥ뿪
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ԦĶ壬ĽΪʦԦûܴﵽ壬Ҫһһ
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170 Ź
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ԭ԰׵ɫȥһ㣬ԡ
ϸϸо˼α㣬ȻȻ䣬ӿԼΪ
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205 
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ҪȫɣеӣŵҪ˶ԣʴǺãõɶȴҪηųɡ

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ݺüòתͷ˼Դʹ˸ɫͷתҪߣȴãһ½סˡ
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СһԺԲ£֣ϣ轨һλɮǰԲ֮Բ±
λãֲʲôҪ˹ܼηɮˡ
ǰ죬˶֪ˣһηɮԲ£Уɮᣬȼãиɮ緶
򰲾ͣƽʱûʲô£ҳ̵˵һͨ·һ¡
ǰԲɮʱǿȥ㣬Ը˳ӡ
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ⶫ¥֣ϣƵĲҵ˼һ¥ˣ¥Թ¥һ˳Բ˶¥һ
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ϣж󣿡һͺͷЦ
ߵͣʮͷɡ
ͺͷҡҡͷʮͷ꣬޳ʲô£ϳƺʦ̫ˣ
˺ǺЦ϶Ϊ˶ô˼Уʦϳ
ͺͷʱǺŭߵǷɱ䣬ʦ̫ϣ޻˵
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ϣҲ߯СͺͷƲƲ졣
˺ǺЦһЦ书û˵Ǻǡ
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ҡͷ̾λտȻʦһ֣֣Ա˵òˣ㲻ɻԱ¡
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ϺһۣλϷĻɣǾʹպ֤ɣλտȻʦһ
ʺĵطҡͷЦ
ҡͷ̾հհգҲö˵ˣտȻʦҪ̳ȥɡ


209 ͨ
Ŷ;Ϳ̳ʲôģͺͷƲƲ죺ҲŲǹ򣡡
ϵѽ̫ΪǣΪСͲܳɸɮ𷨹ޱߣͨڣ
Ʋ죬ûȴȻͬ⡣
ϵλʱȥһǼ٣ǸǵͲһĿȻ𣿡
ϣҿҲ·ѹˣ˵˵˵أǲǣ
Сӣ̫Сϸҡͷδ˱¶̬ܲз𷨣
ϣôСӣǺ
ҡҡͷѽС֮ĶȾ֮˵ҲףǸˣϷ˫۾úף
ǺãҾһأ˵ЩʲôǺƤһ
Ͽģָ֪ʲôأ𷨲ɣһյǾտڶж֡
λտȻʦǸеɮӦܵסУ˼Ȥô
ʱܿȥ峿ϴ󣬴һȭůˬ
Թ֮Ų˼ţߣһɽӳһСԺ֣ԱԲ¡
ʱдգǰյһȺˣÿ˶һգǰʡ
Ƿ׷кϸ硭
ЦеĻȻһߣЦ֣Ա⣬
أϸϼ壬͸žȺмֺȺζ
ﲻɣЦ
ϵǰ棬Ҳǣ
ЦλտȻʦһˣҲ塣
֣ԱʶտȻʦЦʡ
ߵͷ̾λտȻʦᣬȴͨģӲۣסĪ컯
տȻʦкͨæʡ
ҡͷЦҲ˵պ֪
Цеĵ֣Ա⻹˹ӣðɣһտȻʦķΡ
˶׸֣ϣơ

۷׷ף˲ΪֻǴ֣Ϊʢ𷨵ĺ٣ǵһݷ棬汣ӣڸһȴΪ
ضɮרͨ𷨵ģǶ飬һ֮ˣһʶȫ׷֮
ԲºþûˣȻһУǸģ뿴ʲôģֵġ
ˡһͭ˵۵һ·һˮͷ£ʱͷԺһƬһ¾û˵׷ֱˣǰȥ
֨ſһͷлӴĴݰʣ·ŰȽȽ
ֻһĿ⾼
һɫģЩƾˣϴ˺ܶΡ
òƽǰɣһ˫޼ʣƽʹݣޱϲ
һ˶ʱһ˿ΪСơ
ĽվڴǰˣĿƽ͡
տȻΪķΪǱչ֮٣ӿվʦõϣ֪֮Ҫķš
˷ΪҪˣǴΪȱģΪ˹£²ʵ
µԴܹϣǿҵͻƴʦķ
˴ΪʵǷãͷСĵһվڴˡ
ҪСţѭ򽥽һһʵ飬ҵǿķȻܱ˵һ֮
λʩˣտȻʮһ΢Цλʩ˵ҲԵ뽲һ𷨵޳֣ŷ޷޷ܳɷ𡣡Ľ΢Ц
ÿһ˶ߣԲ飬û泩֪š
Ľ˵˽Ծ߷ԣ˽ܳɷ𣬶ɷ֮·ǵ䣬м𾭣ţؼһļԣϣüԼĿܷһУüһнԿա
Ľֵ˵һ˵޷ǸţΨн붨ĲͷţУзߣҲ̤š
˵ŻһУʱɳһţƮƮ䵽£΢Ц䶨ۣؽ伫ѣ޷ʱԲ̫ϣ˺ΪȻܹؽ䡣
٩٩̸Ȼʾ˿δֹסͷȻԼԣÿնԲţǿϥ
Ľָ㣬˷׷ԣȻĬȻԺһƬǰ׹ӣƮƮëʱһ㡣
ڴʱһХԶһ˽ǰһӰȴ֡
˶ڶУХۣľˮ
Ľʮһ񣺡λʩɡ
վſڣЦأģ֪ʦʲô
ĽЦҡͷֻһŷʩһ
ķܽãЦ
Ľķȴ̫ʱ䣬ᣬһΪ򡣡
ǺЦὲķʲôƲƲ죬мĵǻϾأ
ĽЦ̫ʱ䡣
ὲʲôмĵ
ĽЩҽԻὲֻһȻôһ޷ٽ𷨣
ҡͷѣЦˣʦ꣬Ӳ֪Ҫ𷨵ģ
ĽЦЦλɮ˵Ҳգ
⻰ʲô˼ü
Ľҡҡͷλɮ뷨Ϊͽк뷨Ϊ޺
ôĿЦƾ㡪Լ޳޺𣿻޺أ
Ľ΢Ц֪û޺أ
㡪ҡͷƾͣɾ޺
ĽЦЦ˭˵һǵ˲ܳɾ޺
˵Żһָ棬ʱʯͷһСѿȻѿ֦֦ͷһСǶ֣ӭһŵѩ覣ζ
ĽժһͣƮƮǰ΢Ц޺磿
㣡ɴ۾Գ˵
ĽЦҡͷǺðɣ˵˵
ųɡ
ĽһЦð죬ȥĹˮʾһ
ãĴӦһŤͷܣܿԱߵԺӣܿһڹȻüʯͷܺãһˮ
˾æûаæģϤϾ꣬űϳûꡣ
书ã䣬ЩˮĻָɵˣܿѻˮˡ
ཹལˮڿڡ
˶Χ˹ĽЦߵԣЦҲͨһִͨ׹ħҽվð׹ħ֮գͨԼᶨš
һָʱһԷˮ쳤ߣţһ˶İӭҡҷ
ĽЦЦλʩΣ
ãã˺ȻУ鼤
ͷȷʵҷˣʦΪͽ
ĽЦҿʩɱݣǷɱ˰ɣ
ʦܵϣûΪֻɱǣҲеˣǷɱôĵ
ĽҡͷɱΪˣΪԼһɱˣ붨ʱħϮ
Ҳħߵ
Ľ̾ħһ⣬һڣһɱˣԻħ޷ԷҽɱΪ˳ɾ͹ʡ
ԭȻͷһΪǴȱء
Ľ΢΢ЦЦȱȱ˷𷨣һ磬ȻȱģǿĴȱҲΪ˴ȱΪУ˲֪ɮҲйڴͨͨйˣܶλӣ˰
ʦΪͽȻڵأؿͷԴשײ顱죬ÿһ¶ʮʮײת۶ͷ࣬Ȼû˹
ĽЦЦҲգҿľ߻۸ƣΪӡ
лʦ̧ͷϲʦ
ҵϯӣ㷨żſաĽḧͷʱһͷָ˹
ĽȻһٻᣬһϺȣͣ
ʱ˫ֽӡ˫ã˫ۣɮ붨Ľ˶
ĽתЦλʩƬ̣Իյôʹ֮Ҳ١
˴ʱѣԳͨ޻ɣĽᷴΪʱ;㾳أȻ֮ס
ȻʹʹһЩҲ޷˵Ҳ޳㣬ɾ޺ء


210 
ĽԴʦ֮ܣԲ»ΪУ졣
ǰʱԴʥʥԿĹϢ˻硣
У°빦ᵽ붨֣֮Ӷᶨģ;
֮УΪУ׷ĲǷ֮ǿŵ
Ľӷˮֳ˼ԣʦºϴᣬʹҲҪסˣһ޷İҪʹ֮С
ĽһӦţϲĽʾ£Ҳϥܿ붨
ԼһʱĽһˡͭ˴붨ˬͨ쳣
Ľ΢Цλʩ֮ᣬȥ֮úȻܹӴ٣念
֣Աʮ񣺡ʦǺУϷҲŴ붨ȴѽ붨ȴɵĽȥᵽ֮лʦ
Ľ΢Ц֣ʩ֮Եұ˵ıݣ֣ʩдеľ棡
ãлտȻʦ֣Աʮ΢Ц
ǸˣҲԵģĽĻģ֪ô붨Ϊڵ֮ʣտȻʦ߱ǵȻҪųɡ
ЦտȻʦϷҲУʦָ㡣
Ľ΢ЦͷԵˣʩҪУСɮȻæСɮ׼һߣλʩԸеģˡ
һԡ
ĽЦŽһν߱Ǳչأ֮ڲ£ֻһУա
ڴ֮ʱὲһЩ֮ǵƫ󣬻һЩǳԵķ𾭣ǽ𺣡
ϵͷãϷҪμӴߵġ
˷׷ӦͣҲμӣǼʶĽͨʮ㣬ȻŹᡣ
Ľͷ΢ЦһһӦ£ǺȰ°źãȻר־ù
İ죬ĽһֱԲУͬ˳Ժʱ䶼С
һ߾˵ƣ֮򽲽𾭣ݷѡ
ĽܽµķǳͨͨģףģлȻһ֮С

Ľ˽ɢȥԶ˸֮УһֱĽĵڣ붨ףţһţļᶨȻܼУӣԽԽᶨ
ĽܸоͨĽ𷨣ԽʵʵһأĹȵĿޡ
ĽԸ̾Ȼǳɷ֮ӳֵǿᣬԶԼиס
ֲ÷֮㿪ʼ뷨һζĿޣ뷨°빦׵ö࣬Ҳöࡣ
峿ʱ֣ĽԲµĵǰһȭ·̫ȭ
ſվһԣĶƣҪ͵ѧУĽҲᣬơ
յĵӣĽΪ⣬Ȼӳ嶯ë꣬ƣҲߣϧڲ÷
ιĽƣվƬ̣ȻŤͷԸſգɺˣ
ǣʦſæͷ˷ܵĵʦǲ书ǿ
Ľѧ䣿
ѽѽſæͷ䡣
ĽҪգҿԵδԿƺ쳾ר޷𷨣Ҳã书СȴҲ
лʦſմϲʦҲ书ɣ
ԣĽ΢Ц
ſճһ£ʦ
룬ʦ𷨾ͨϾ̫ᣬʹ书Ҳʲô;˷ΪϾ书ġ
ſʮ꣬Ľȴʮ˾ӡ
ĽЦ޷֡
ϣſʹӦˣϲһȭȭХĽɫĶʱƮ
ĽЦЦһſնʱƮƮ˳ȥ䵽ſڣпţȥ˰ɣ
ſĽȴѾת˴ſո˵ȻŲŤͷȥ
Ͷһ޳ԶԶ֡
ſմǳţߵǰһۣ֣Сģڷżſգ
ٺ٣ſţǽɣһ΢Цջһѣ׽
мſգſհһۡ
Ц˵죬½ܰסɣܲɱˣ
ޣѻ죡ſæһĭߵ㾻˵ģϽģʲôأ
һָͳͺȵأҵһ⡣
ðɣȥſյ
ˣһӣӵĶðװţʲô
˰Ѷ˽ȥżſ뿪ȴûߣżſյ˵
˵˵λʦͨǲģ
ſգſûĵ
ðɺðɣſաεͷûͨ
ǵȻſհȻͷ漴ֵʦ˽׼Ҷ˵ģ˵ͨ
ġͷ̾û뵽һλĸˣǶ̫ƫˣܲ٣ɮȴٹ
ǿǣſհȻʦᣬȴ˼ľ磬һĺбȲ
Ҳʦˣ
ǸԵģʦſƲƲһ˰ɣʵʵĹӸ磡
ЦҵտȻʦƳ籸˵Ǹɮת޻ۣﵽ㾳硣
֣ԱĻʦӦ޻۵ġſյͷЦ֣Сģдʦ㽫Ҫùඣ
ЦĵǾͿıܴܲסΪٱǽ
㾻£ĺҾᱻģſظ
˵ŻĹɫ΢䣬꣬ɫҲˣæߣȥ
һ֮˳ȥ

ɽС򣬾ֱ¥һȺˣ۷׷ףȺдҽС
һãһãſæеŤͷˣÿһС˼棬һһؿϣŴٺЦ
Ŭһ߲ҽһд׳ĽǴȣѲ
СףſŭһС
ο׳ʵһͷ⣬Ƕ죬ȴŻ̹¶飬͹ĶƤǺëһűС۾СӴͣúܹ֡
۾Сȴ䣬һ֪Ʋ
ס֣ſչ˲һ
ͬҽʱŭǹͷͷˡ
ǴĳģͷٺЦԲүô۸
ȷſſæȵ۸
ͷٺЦүֵǮȻ߯Сǲ۸үˣ
ſüҪǮˣҪ٣
ǰѾȳٳп书ǿᣬΪԼ²Ƕ֣һֵĻܻ˵ѡ
ʮӰˣЦеĵҪүұ˲С˹Сӣ
ſ꣬ӻͳһȥ͡һХٶ죬˫ۡ
ž֣סӣЦеĵãʹ죡
˵Žżһ顱һ죬ſˣٶ죬ſæֽס
飡ֻε˫ִؿһֻ£ǰһ󷢺ڣʱһѪ
е
ſգգۣɴ۾ɢǰڰС
аսЦдһСӣмӲ
ſЦδմ
ЦЦ޼ҲС뱨𾡹һϼա
˵תȺ¥ȥ
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˵Ź˹Сָͷ
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ſƿ֣ߵ򲻹ҲҪ̫Ƕ˲ⱻ۸
һϣ
ſҡͷֱ޼Ҳ򲻹ۣԼУ
Сĵɾܣ
ſյͷţ׵ģչ˺Сף
˵͵ĳ޼Ʊģ޼бƵ˸ǰһȭײϼſյġ
飡һ죬ſһ٣ͣڵأһ±ͺ죬Ҫų
һ޼ȴŹһűſյײ˷ŷ˳ȥɳȺ֮⣬أ֮û˶
󺰣æСܵſǰſѪ棬Ѿԡ

Ľﾲ֮Ȼ⴫顱һʧǰ
걧żſգ߸ɫ԰׵꣬ԲЦеģȴ죬ǰѪա
֣ʩ֮ӣĽ
ɨһۼſգҡͷˣ
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һһԽԽ죬չÿһÿһʽѪʱܹ
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ǰԭȴվԭأĽָ΢ЦĪŤͷܡ
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Ǻǣ⵹Ҳǣſա֣ԱЦ˵ſմտȻʦ˴ڣҪġ
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˵տȻʦͨ󣬵ֻһҹʲô޼ǸĺĽɫһҪϡ

Сӣϻ˵ְɣ޼֡
ſյһЦǰСˣϾѧˣ
СӺϻˣ޼ЦҵҪһҹʲôѧ
ȭſնϺһƮƮһȭ
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һ紵Ʈ䣬Űӣѵδ𣬶һƬëմһЩѪա
ſյȭ
޼ЦȭҲһȭ
һȭ䵽ſǰſбȰ벽һȭ飡޼ٴηɳײǽڡ


211 ޺ȭ
޼ǶǽŵĵżſգƮƮȫޣʽҲƽúܣȥƫƫĺܣ֪еС
Хһ顱ֳſա
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޼书ԶʤԼûôɵʤ޼ȷʵ˼
˵ȥûţίʵ̫档
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ſü޼ŤŤӣתתӣɿ糴ӵһƬ
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ʦԴ̧ͷмĵʦǿѾͷβô
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Ľ΢Цŵͷᵽشһϸ˿ȥܿһȦ


212 ѱ
ĽۣһС԰׵Ĺһ˫۾Ŀ
ԼĲ鲻ģֻʲô
ĽЦЦԴæʦûоȣ
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ĽͷҪģİɣ˹򣬻ԽԽ׳һĹﻹҪá
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šͷĿ
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˶Լһ죬еתƵϣԼȻ޴档
һæһȻô
˼ԽػҲûǿϾܽҪѾ޴󣬶ǶĪĸ

峿ʱ֣ĽڻڴǰĿյȭ޺ȭǴڵѡһȭס
ȭƽƽ棬ɨʽ򵥣Ǹŵȭһ˸ֲ
һλʦλʦһֱ£䣬飬ڳ֣ûйЩ书š
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ûлʩչǴſ֣СģһЧ˵Ϊ졣
մȥǶܽʦ硣
֮ʣ֣СĺȻƿ˽͸Ž뵣ǣʦ
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дĸɮ棬ڼʶˣ˷𷨲ͨ
ſյ֣С˼䣬Ȼ׷ĽʦѾС˵ˣһˣһС
šĽͷҲǹ¡
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֮£Ľ룬ֻƲˣ˷𾭣ԸſȥԼһЩȥһЩ⡣
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ſտȺǶ˯ͦ㣬ֵҡͷĽȥñ֣Сţ
ǵĶȺޣǺĿæ͵ԼߣȴûԣһֱԵ⣬ûԹ⡣
ĽХһ˼׷ųԣȴûԼڱ³Ȼθڡ
Ľҡҡͷᣬз𾭡
ÿһʱͣʱȻһʱͣʱܶʼֱϡ
Ƕ˯ڶ峿ĽֽоһʱЪʱһо졣
ڶ죬ܲסʼʳ֮ѾӦٳˡ
ƽû죬иֳ֣һγ֣ʦ̽Ľĵϸ


213 ƴɱ
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⼸ĿʳΪ֮ʣθڸĺãȴûʲôóԵģ¥úóһ١
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תͷȥֻʦ˫ƺʮʲôûԼ֪


214 Ī
ʦſίĽһ
Ľҡͷһۣѽѧ޺ȭ֪ȭ壬ֻһζ
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֪ʦһƢʵɱϣظ֮ˣǹҪڱǰװǸӣԼͽܰæıݣܹˣºҪԿͷġ

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ĽصԲºмִû뵽ҪһλʦԴӳΪʦûʦʦ̶ֳȣ档
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215 
Ľǣˣʵûӣ˵ͦѲģһȺŮˡ
¾ȻһЦһϧӣȷʵͦεģǿɲöԸڴһλȻŮˣһƫӣƽϣݲñ˵ơ
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Ľǵһ׾ƣʵȡƣչƻʵ
һķʱȻķľ˲ͬ˼ȴ׳졣
һ͵ܽſչЦеʣʦʲôѽ
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Ľ˫ƺʮվһԣŰӷȴһ֮
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ת۹йȥٸ糺죬ȴģԼʰһͷܣȥЦˡ
һСУĪ
һ⣬ϯܣܺη壬ӿ񱩣ơһⱻĵɢ
żнкܣȴס̲ȥĽ߷һ׻幦ܵ䣬ã󣬳ʯ
סŮ״üѲʽ˵ϾǷЩʱУµǻµǹ롣
ôȥ˾ôûã׷κκ㣬š
еٸҲⲻҴ̣Ǵ̺˫ۣܻܺ飬˫ڻúܺã˫Ʋ˫ۡ
ת۹ֶһУĽ̾λŮʩҿǻǻɸΪ񲯰ɣαطҪɱɱ
Сб죡ٸʢ֣ԽѸͣ罭֮ˮ
ȴȺ룬ŲæĽϢһֱߣη壬Щ˷ܣơĽһҲˡ

λŮʩǿĽתŮ
ŮߵСУǲ㵷Ĺ
ĽȻλŮʩγԣ
һԲٸߵıܣһڵʦ㣬ʰ
ٸͷá
˵գһѵĽǰһ̼˷ʤ
Ľ̾˿ҡͷຣޱ߻ͷǰһֱԹУð׹α˻ţӷ𡭡
˵ŻŮͣסֹǰ̵ƲĽֻ硣
Ľû⣬ûŮĶŤͷźٸʱ䱻ԣȴ˫Ʋ۾
ĽҡͷЦһﻹǴԣ˵ܱʵ֮Զһ
ٸ糺죬䣬ƫƫκβúܣһĺܣһɱˣǰȴ޷ʩ
Ľ̾˿Ůʩαأǰְɣ
ٸٿĺˣâһ㣬⵽Ľǰ
Ľҡͷָס⣬书СͨŮʩˡ
ٸŤͷŮߵѨ
ĽҡͷСɮ֪ʲôѨ
֣ٸšš󣬰νˣĽٿָһ²ˣ޺޵һĽŮߡ
ûŽѨ̽̽࣬Ϣתͨ޳ͷ֮ȷʵǵѨ
㵽ʹʲôٸŤͷߵ
ĽǷŵֹ֮
죬ǽ⿪ٸ߳
ĽЦЦðգҽ⿪֮λŮʩ뿪ɡ
ãǴ򲻹㣬Ȼûٴţٸҧ޺޵
ĽظһһӣŮʱһָжɬĴȡ


216 
ĽʮˡСɮԶ͡
ٸտȻУĪ빬ưոݵģ
Ľ̾˿ҡͷСɮ£ȴ£Ī빬治ģҲлġ
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ðɺðɣøзϻǣٸæڰ֣Ťߡ
ĽǵſڣʮһĿ뿪ʱſＱһľУ磬ľлҲΡ
ٸߣʱζȻӿ죬Ǵ
ٸŤͷһֿۣһĽһſջë˸
ʦǸʲôģѽĽǰһľС
ĽҡҡͷĪ빬ˣ´Ҫǵöղǳ֣ܱܵù
ɣſЩĵ
ղŵĸоֻ֪֣й˼ɣվûŮ˸ĸоãԼǶ֡
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ϣҽˣһʦſֺõЦ
Ľͷţ⴩УȥԷɡ
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ĽȫԱݣڼʶ٣޷ֻˣ˶ɡ
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ĽڰڿӣԹ㣬ޣʵ鲻ѣʦ֣һһĥһ
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ĽһۣⶼܽʦΪǰᣬ벻ʦ㻹ǹԹԵֵȢϱɣ
ǡſæͷӿԷٶȣһ㣬ܿˣʰһܻԼԺ
Ľصǰŵͷܡ

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Ľ̾Ҳû취
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Ľ̾ӻͳö壬һһݸǽշǶݵط
Ц»ֲǳ֡
ǰǶ֣Ľʡ
ͷҪʦǶ֣Ǿҡźģµġ
ĽüۣͺۣĹʲôݣŰɣһȥŪһЩǰ
ãҰʦǣҲö֡
ĽæţҽȥŪ顣
ЦڵĻӴʦ֪͵ģյġ
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ֻ

ĽûãɺһϮƮƮ֣ʱСԺյͣһ¡
ɺɨһΧӭĺǳС˰ɣ
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ĽǱˣǰæˣԶɣʦһ֡
šףȻ̾вԤУʦ
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ʦ㣬һۡ
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һμλʦôƹίʵ̫̫ˡ
ΪŮڵĵӣҲûסʦǲȻŭɱ󷢣ηҪɱ䲻ɡ

峿ʱ֣ĽڿֻͻϷڣ̵ȺޣѾ˺ܾƣͻƣǷԵľѧǴ޵ġ
ЩѧĽĸĽ󣬶Ҹǵľޱȡ
ǱԴӣĽദΪԵãȤſ֣Сķûʲôָ㣬ǵۺ첻ѣĽȺޣܵʦ˾ָ㡣
տȻʦԴһӽŰײɸɾһȾ
ЦеĽǰСĿһͻӷ£ʦæأ
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ԴæﻰҪǴʦûҲûʲôֵǮģֻЩʦĻ£
Ľû˵ͷãǾͶлʩˡ
ʦôԴɿЦʦһһ֮룡
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ĽƬ̣ǾþɣƣԵʩҲǿ
лʦԴϲæĴӦתߣĽһ㡣


217 Ƽ
һԴȥһ浾ŮԲĴ͸ȸԾ顣
ĽѾͷͻǡ
һ۱֪Ǿò仯δ䣬˫۳˵һ㡣
ʱݹˣǰĻëѾͷһλͤͤŮ
׵಼ζ䲻ǷˣȴȳƣഺϢ
ʦԴ￴æһӡ
æʮлʦ
Ľ΢ЦͷؿˣҪһЩĵˣǲǣ
ͷǣܺ棬
ĽЦҪߣࡣ
æ֣Ҳ࣡ʦҰգ
ĽЦҡҡͷᣬػïαسҡ
ҷǼһģʦӦġæԴҲһͷ
ĽĵĻ߰ɣسңΪӡ
ǡӦ
ԴмĵʦǴȱΪлʦлʦ
ҲԴ̣տȻʦдͨģߣ˭Ҳ۸ˡ
һѸž󣬾ʱãû˴ʲô⣬ھˣ˶ˣǾǻԼһѸܻȫ
˵֣ԱֹһбĸҹأǿȢ˾ȥһӾˣԼҲˡ
տȻʦۣͨߣǰȫԼҲմһЩ⣬ֱͦ˵ˣ
ЩС̣ĽһĿȻȴҲûʲôΪԱҲΣԼˮһľȻҪץסġ
ԴﶣҪɴ۾ú÷տȻʦ׼̰͵û
ͷ֪
ԴֵҲҪúչԼٻ㣡
ĽЦЦԴϻȥ֣صġ
ϻȥʦ𣿡Դæȴе
ĽŴҽҪġ
лʦԴмĵ
ĽûӦʱԴһĿһӦˣԴϿģһʲô
˵ÿȥԴĶʱʵˡ

Դ֪Ȥ뿪ˣĽžһ£ߵǰС֡
Ľ޴ָϣΪһֱٳ⣬ǲ԰׵ģĽķ֮Ѫð͸죬ˡ
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ЦʦغҵȻҪùġ
Ľ΢Цͷ⵹ʵĳΣ
˵ͦõģ֪ʦϰ߲ϰߣѳ԰ɣ
Ľ¶Цҡͷ
Цǿöࡣ
˭ǿöࣿſմǽǡӣ
Ц磡
Ľˣſæʦ
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ĽͷǾͺãʦˣԵǳ
ʦվΪͽſյɴ۾
Цʦ
Ľҡͷſգ̫ѳԣҲոŮˣ
ſԿǣ˼ĺٺЦ
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Ľſգȥһ°ɣҪӽˣȲһλС
ſմһ۾˷ܵĵû뵽ôˣһʦȣ
ͷЦӯӯĵǣ˴ʦʦķӹԽԽãҪȻתͶ̥
˵һͨ˷ܣĽЦеĲǡ
ι󣬼ſղŷӦæž뿪
Ľ˿ɮˣϾɮˣͨȴؽɣЩɶãͷ⴩ļԵ֤Ĳ̫ƣռɫɫǿա
һֱ̫ˣмſڣȴǸˣһȺϷЩȤŮҲһˡ
ûб˼һŮڣϢȻϲ

ʲôǰȥƹˣĽü
ںͣյСͨ죬Ȱֶ˼ܰ
µĺĽޣΡ
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Ľüⲻǡ
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ĽЦǰǵҲģҲݵģͲ˸ƹֵɴս
Ҫսսкξգ촽ţǿƲƲ졣
ĽƬ̣ҡͷ̾һ̫ˣǲ߼޻ɣ
ɫ΢䣺ʲô
ȻǽˡɫҲ΢΢仯
˵ᵽһ䣬˵ܲɽ󣬽ȻýˣŮڿɲýġ
Ľ̾˿ȻҪ޻ˣ
Цɣ
Ľһʯ񣡡ƾǾŸѴɱɹġ
ҡͷרŵĴɱǽҲˣƹδصס
ĽüһƹḶ́ƹһΪڸɵģǰŭйͷϣ¡
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Ľⲽɫá
иǰ֮Ľͣ¡
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ĽεĵµֻܵһˣĻ븡ƹһսǰһ̫ˣ
ε̾˿ʦδܴ죬ȥĻʦͳɳˣ
Ľûĵұ븵ǰˣ˱˰ɣֱӰ°ߣ
һۣҪұʦ룡
Ľðɺðɣ˵գȵסǰ˵
£ҿδʦ⡣εĵ
ĽüţҲ񣬡˭⣿
г𣬲ʦ£ʦ֮ǰгˣһֱ뱨ڵġ
Ľͷ⵹٣ɺûʲôøУȴһƬ飬޽ѷ֣Լ棬ϣ޻ڣĸмַ
Ǿˣɫ

ðɣȥҲáһͷ̾ת뿪Сݣܿһֻ
ݸĽʦŵһûߡ
ĽӹϸӨתȻһֱ˰棬˷Ļʧȥ
ȻüͷһЦ
ôˣЦùŹ֡
ĽЦ㿴֡
ɨһۣû֣ϸ˿ڷϸ΢ɲС֣ȥ֮ӳ
ǡȻĽ
ĽͷЦ͵ģǰǷŲţϧһˣǰƾԲ
Ҫȥֹ𣿡ʡ
ĽʹֹˣҲҪѸǰɴ
תЦЦðɣô
ĽջüĴһƬ̺ʧʧĵط̾
һʦţһˣڵίʵΪѡ
ĽȻһƬ֮۴򿪣ԲʮһţһƬɽ
֮һɨ㷢˸ɺڣԼԶɽ壬Ÿὣϥϣϥ
Ľһ㣬ֻ°£ŪЩ֭죬һЩҩĨϣʱһˡ
ٿĵɽھ֮Ϣ𸵷ɺʧ
˷ӦʱɺѾʧŭ߳ɢֿγһԲ鼫ᡣ
Ľȴ˼ʩչСŲת۹뿪ɽͷԶһɽɽ
վɽľʯϣĽ¸ɺ磬ɺԭ޷ڻָɣüĽ˭
ĽһĨ΢Цȭǰ
㡪ɺЦѾͷŮ򣡡
Ľóݹȥƾҵǰġ
ɺһѶ
Ľҡͷֹǰɵµģһɱ˸ƹִҲûͷˣ
ɺЦɱҾŮڵӣǧٱı
Ľ̾˿ҡͷû뵽֮£ɱƹټ޻ڱڣ
˭˵޻ڵģɺü
Ľҡҡͷһ֪ñڹ⸵ǰļޣͽܲԶ
޻ڣɺҲǴˣӦ죬ֻļƲû̫ӡ
˵ɫűˣü
ĽһίʵһɹĻƹᱨǣƲ˹ϵºһ˵˶Цƹ£ʶǾŮڵֶΣ
˵˵ʲôɺûĵûе£
ĽҡͷлûУǰ»Ǳˣ֪
֪ģɺһۣ£޼ɣͻȥ
ĽҡͷǰҪ£㣬ҲҾǰġ
ɺŭСӣҴ£
Ľҡͷ̾Ů˱ϾŮˣޣʵǡˣαȡ²ߣ
ֲָֻţɺûĵɫȴҲŹ֡
ĽĻģҲʣϾΪӱַһЩ޿ɺǡ
ھĽһ㣬ǰȥҲΪȻ
ĽǰȻҪάţҲҪάԼ棬ǰֱ׳˵

Ľ˵һٴʩչŲת˲ص˺СԺ
Ϊû뿪̫ԶʩչŲδ̫
ɺҹΣ죬漴ǺСԺתͷĽֲûȴţ
ȷʵһ˲仹ǧ֮⣬һ˲ţ
һԼĵΡ
ʦЦӯӯ׽ס֣ҡҡʦͺã
ѾͷڳӲˣסʦˣɺûб
Цʦ㲻֪ҶൣģԾͰ¸߶䣬
һᵽ£ɺɫһܵŪһڼĸʲôʱܹ
ʦ¾Ȩ֪ɡʦɫ֪Լû
ɺЦСˣǡ
һĽæ죬㻹
Ľȭ΢ЦǰڵĻûմɱ˰ɣ
ɺõˣ˽δɱ㱻ˣϽžͷ
ĽΪЦЦ庣ͷֳ帵ɺ籧ȭʧŮǰ
ɺ綢ʧĵطһźߵС˲ѽʦ۹Ȳඣ
æʦ˵ʲôѽ
ɺҡҡͷɫһ»ҰȻ鰸ǰ̾Ը
ʦϻҲдʱ򡣡æ
ɺһۣĸϻ
Цʦмĸϻķأư޼ŵã
ɺûĵСǿأ书Ҳ֪ôģ


218 
Ūãʦ۵ģ
±ѣûʮȫʮĽ˴ѾȫģԷʮȫʮҪβ
ɺЦҵҪʣǲҵɵˣң
ҡͷʦҿ㻹װͿĺã
ɺ粻ĺߵ̫װͿҲװͿ
˰ɣûҪҪֳԴʦԽǼƽϣҲԽƽϣžǡ
ɺҡҡͷҲŲһǣһˬ
Цʦ㵱ʱˬˣ鷳αˣܲķɣ˿ҲЦ
ɺһ۵Ѿͷʦʦѵ
ʦҵİɣ
ɺֵزģҪʸ׵ģٱˣ棬ǰҪ类ˣ
˵ʦʦʵҲ㻵Ǽʦá
ʱɺߵ
æЦʦαظһʶڸĲʦ˰ɡ
زɡɺҡҡͷԽԽԣƵĲңѽ

ҿǼҺãҵӣȻҲۡɺЦһƲΪһ⣡
üѵ޼ɵı
ڣʲôɺЦƿأ㻹۵úܣѧŵ
Цʦ㲻һֱ̫
ʲôˣϲƵģ͵ñøҪȻ˶֪ô£ɺһҲһֱûּһǷˣ
ʦȨ֪ɡҡͷܲɱɣͬʦãһ״ӡ
Ҫǿϣʰˣɺ޺޵ĵ
ʦͽ˵ʱѩ÷֣ɺ磬Ȼԭ򣬸ɺ޺޵ĵ
Ц޼ɡ
ѩ÷Цǵʦأ
ͲûɺһΪԼ
ʦɵ˵乫
ðɺðɣ˵һͷɺûĵ

Ľڣֱ
ȴɽҪҪȥɽɽƶľ޴ɽ壬ա
ҪȥҪɽʱųɣƽʱҲɽĽȴƾŸӦֱӳɽϣɽ󷨶Ч
Ľس֣վڴǰ֮Ȼת˴ڵĽ
֮ݣòƽ㲻ӢмῷǣĿºͣƺܰ˵塣
һЦ޼ɣôˣ
Ľֹġ
ʲô֮ͣЦ֣£棬Ц˵˵ɡ
Ľľ˵һ飬ЦҲ֣ǰ׶༪٣
֣֮
ĽЦǣʵڲ֪ߵغ񣡡
֮ҡͷ̾˿޼ɣ㲻֪Ůڵǳȷʵһ״ɱ֮ǿ
˵ǺܿܳɹĽüʡ
֮ͷߵǿɺ֮һɹǵùľţ
ĽƹΪİɣ
²ǵһˣ֮һֱû˵ǲŮڵ磬ǵã䱾ˣ
Ľüʲô˼ɰɣ
֮Цŵͷ̾˿׽Ǵȥģпѱ磬Ҳţ
Ľüͷ֮ɫȻ򣺡ֲء׽ǿƲˣ
š֮ͷ̾漰ǰ˽Ҳܶ˵
ĽЦЦƬ̵ĳλǰ˼ƣ׳⽣Ůڹϵ˽ţ
֮ҡͷѽα
Ľ֮ǰˣû뵽ôһûֻع
֮̾ô˵˵ȥЦ
Ľεͷ̣ȷʵˡ
һУίʵҺֹˣ֣֮£Ҫɱ˸ƹǸƹҪۣһս𡣡
Ľ׽
еĽ󡣡֮ͷ֮ܽҪҲͣһҲɣһǸ׳н
ĽЦеĵ븵ǰǲΪ׽󡭡
Сӣ˵ʲô֮æȵҲôң
Ľæ֣Цأ
֮ҡͷѽҲҸôЦ
ĽЦеĵͣҲŸ˵ǾŮ˵븵ǰĻɣһ˼ɣǲǣ
⻰һ֮¡һʧǧźޣǧ򲻿ѧң֮ڰ̾뺣£ҿţǻмء
Ľü˿ֻһ·ඣ
ǧ򲻿ӲŮڻۣʲôɵóۺѡ֮æ֡
ĽεĵͷˣֻΪΪ
ƹ乬кǡ֮»Ҫ㣬дһţȥ
ǡĽͷӦ
֮ԣܿдһ͸Ľ乬ҲѺãúô
ĽЦӲ
֮ЦЦ򣺡Ӳ㣬ǸģֻҪ֮սͺá
ĽЦҿɲҵ˿佱һСĵġ
ƹ˵ЩҲмŴɵȣˣʲôСֶΣֻλ乬ԴӼλ֮һֱûţˣΪأҲ͸ӡ֮
һСġĽͷ뻳Ȼȭһʧ

ĽȻԲ£Ը˼ſ䣬úչ˾⼸ڣһʲô£壬Լ֡
ſհظĵ죬˵ʦģʲô£һչ˺ʦá
Ľһûĥӣ嶯Ƣ˲٣Ҳ飬Ҳģ뾲ĹϵѣҲûʲôĵġ
Ⱥ޾ѱҲɢһֱæ̸ǵ书ִ˲ƣҲס
뵽Щܷĵ뿪ڲһֱԲ£һҲã˳š
ƹһһǧ֮ңĽʩչṦһһҹʱϵ˸ƹڵĸɽ
ɽççȺɽеһЩɽֱϰƣվͷۿɽֻܿƣһɽεضֱ֮ͨУƺֱͨء
Ľ̾һ֮أܣůģΧѩɽλڼ֮䲻ѩʱֵһѩڻ
۾ɽΧûʲôӡĺۼƹڣΨͨӦһɽĸɽ
һɽ£ͷȥɭȻ֮ѹˣɽʱᵹѹסԼɵҪ뿪ܡ
޼ɣݼ乬³֡
⼸񣬻ڿƮһֱͨ嶥ɢ˷嶥谭
üȻûлӦȻ乬Լˣ죬ɲŴɵ硣
Ľû뵽ƹôɣֱһŸ
ε̾ٴ飺޼ɣ乬
һԽĺͭӴ֮ײ죬һ㣬ͣڿй
ʱ򣬱Ҳס֮޴ڣ˲ţԱܿ
ĽͣƬ̣ûзӦˣһƹ˵֮ڣѲڲɣһССڵӶҼʵʧ
һ޼ɣһȻɣ
л乬ĽЦ
ţȻɽϴһӣԼһƺ࣬Ĺ
Ľüͷһ£û˵ֱԾӣȻӻԽԽߣٶĸߡ
ĽͷƣıСԭʯСʯ飬ܿƸǰסµĿ⡣
¶ȻͣĽͷϿȴһþбɽ⣬̽ͷһ㡣
һԲϵϣһͷϵӣһͷͣԲתٶȼ졣
ᲱԽԽԽԽǿһˣȻû˥֮ơ
ܸо˻оõ֪ٻû⡣
Ũ˵Ĳˣľ
飡Ӷļ٣ȻײȻĽˣһ긾ˣɭ䣬ĿС
ĽȭЦλǰлˣ
ɣŮ
ò毺ã˶һɭʣʵ˲ҽӽ
ĽƮӣƽ̹ʯ棬ɨһۣм𺳸оǰһΡȻΧһЩСĽӵţ͸ŰȻ֮ơ
ڴΧէȥɽĹһ㣬͸ׯϣίʵ𺳡
ĽȻǿ󣬿ڵɽһЩСûʲôƣʹɽһֱգ⸡ƹԶԶ硣
ĽΧŮû˵ϸɫĽϵ𺳣΢һ¡
Ľ̾һ棬һƹ
ŮӵһЦ޼ǰɣڵ
ĽȭЦˣδǰմ󹬶¹ǰʶ֪ǿڣ
ɨһΣӨ
ĽЦǡ
ǶɽϡŮҡͷȴºһЩǺʱʶģ
ĽЦھʦһûˣ֪Σ
ǱչˡŮӵ
ĽüͷһЦչǺǣ¹Ҳչɱأ
Ů¶һ˿Ц⣬ҡҡͷʦǿչء
ȷĽʶαǳģѲͲ޲ɽȥ
һγżţ֪ܵʦãɽ԰׽˻Ȼһչء
ΪΣʦÿνѾ˼ģؼʼãƫƫϲʦòģҪʲôӶˣʵûУֻǿбչء
뵽Щ¶һ˿Ц⣬Ľ˼֣Ҫǵģ
ĽҡͷǷ֮Ÿ乬ġ
Ůף˵СЩƢ̫á
Ľüͷһû뵽ŮȣԼæЦлǰ
Ůûͨ˼Ľƽ̹䳡ǰ˵һ䣺޼ˡ
ɡٴ
ŮӿĽһۣʾȥĽŽ˴ʱǰһھȻԼ롣


219 ̽
һ齣ϥһɴŮ˵ŮȴĸоƾഺϢ
ŮӾϥţȴŵȣһϮɴˮĿĽϣವģʵʡ
ĽһۣҶü۶ܿóʵλɴס
Ľüͷһ£ɴΪ죬ܵסĿ⣬ǴʦлΪʵʵΪı£Բ׽ƿأˣ뿴Ӧúס
ɴƫƫͦסˣᱡһ㣬ȴĽ̾ǸƹڿûС
俴ı촽ϰ벿ȻǾ¶Ǹѵһ˶ˣᣬʮ㣬俴Լ
ĽǰȭЦ乬
ض񣡡䳯Ƶ޼ɣ
ĽȷǸƹ¹䳯ˣЦŵͷǣ·֮һ⣡
תͷһȦȻûߣֻһˣֻܽͳһͣƮ䳯Ƹǰ
䳯ֽӹˣֱ˺ŷ⣬ɨһۣͷлˣ֪ˡ
Ľ֪֮ｫŮڵ˵ˣǵ乬Ů׽û˼˵׽ıǵõʩչϣʹѴѣҲ
䳯üôĿڵĽµһǲǣ
ĽЦ֮룬һƬ⣡
лĺ⣡䳯ƵɱŮڣߣ˵Ů־һˣصޣڻгϢ
Ľü⻰Щףôֲ˹ܰɣ
䳯ƵǱҲֲ
Ľҡҡͷ̾ʵһƬģ
ĺİɣ䳯ڽµһȥһ׽󣬱ɱܣǺڣ
Ľҡͷ̾˿ٶ˵֣˵ͨ䳯ƷһСѾͷ
˵ˣ䳯Ƶб˰ɣ
Ľ֪̾ˣҲдţ⽣乬һ²źã
ǴȱĳأҪл䳯Ƶ
Ľüȫ飬ʾǲŮѽҡҡͷ
ҡͷ̾ڳЦҺɣ䳯бЦǲ˵ΨŮСҲ
Ľ˳ǣҡ
ҡ䳯ЦʲôҵģΪڵĵӣ֪ŮڲԸƫƫǾŮڵĵӣǲ𣡣
Ľü乬ԣ
˵ˣ߳ŭɣ䳯Ц
Ľ̾乬ô˵ɣ֪࣡
䳯Ƶ˵һܳһλģ
Ľҡҡͷλʦʦǿҡ
һԲԵģ١䳯ƻͷȻˣ뿴㵽жٱ£˿
ĽûѰ⣬Ȼ͸һȻַ̬֮䳯ĸоˡ
ŭԼǰûȣȻҪһ磬Ҳǿѧĺûᡣ
֮˵֣أȻΪ֮ŻԼһСģڵĽڵĵ٣ôȻ̽ڽʵίʵʧܡ
ԼӦʦҪƹѹڣһ֪֪ˣҵ֮;
Ľǡ˯ͷ
֪֮ŲǴĺ⣬Ҳ˽ģԼи̣ƹƲԼим֮⣬ͬʱҲŭ
Ҫץסᣬŭ޼ɣ޼һӵһˣʵģ֮
޼̽һ̽ڵʵٺò᲻ܴ˹֮𣬾̱Ϊ˼ŭĽ

ĽȻЦ䳯üЦʲô
ĽЦ乬ǱҶ֣ǲǣ
γԣ䳯һûʲô飬ƺĽЦ
ĽȴΪ΢Ц乬ƣҶ𣿡ˣд书޲ɣҲд⣬ʶһ¸ƹĵѧ
ţдѧҲ䳯ƵҵĻʵŮڵֵ½֪ʵ˲⡣
Ľ̾²˵Ҳ
䳯Ƶ˶ˣŮ綯粶䵱Լɾͣʵ񣡡
Ľüͷһ䳯ƿء
̾˿ҡͷ˵Ȳ֪ǾŮڵˣ乬᲻ţ
䳯бһۣ˵һ᲻ţ
Ľҡͷο˵Щ乬ɵд裬дС
䳯Ƶȹһذɣ
ⲻĽǳȴ˶֣İƣʱŮƮ
Ůǹȳƣò䲻ɫˣȺҲĿ⡣
Ůȭɫ쵵ĳ
ɫ쵵ĵ͸ɭɭ⣬һ֪ǷĽüɨۣת䳯ơ
䳯ƵСޣֽ̼аɣ
ǣһΪŮӦһ̤ǰվĽǰԲԲӽţССۣ磬ǸС˶
ʱ˶ĵСְẉָ̂
Ľ΢ЦС޹롪
ĽѾŮΪԼʦʦȣ˳Ϲʦֲ࣬ѵá
Сس鵶⻯Ϊһ磬˲䵽ĽǰĿϾӣ硣
ĽбһݱܿһٴϮĽԲбһǡֱܹˡ
С޹üⱩǣٶ˼֣ȴ׷ĽӰҲû½ǣ׷ɱһӰӡ
䳯ƾĹۿһԲ䣬һֱǵģûʲô
Ľһһ߹۲飬ľȶСͶ޹˿ûûʤ֮
˿Ϊ˿һԼǳΪ̽ڵѧĽҡͷ䳯ҲƲأԸڡ
֪ƹһֱڵɶ֣׷ϵĿ꣬ȴûﵽĿġ
ΪѡͽϿһ񾭾óɣóȥҲǶĸ֡
˵ƹҲлķϧҲûóɣڵĵȴɵģǰѸƹѹϲܶ
µһɣ䲻˵µһɣͷ֮ǿνһһλʦ򣬸ǹ

С°ɣ䳯ƺȻڵ
СٿյƮȻ˺󣬳Ľȭһ񣬻صԭλãҲǵģûʧܵİ벻ʡ
ĽüŮרעǱĹ۲ԼɿЦԼˣӵġ
ҿλһϰɡĽ
䳯Ҷüһ£ͷȻˣһϰɣ飬˲ģ
ǣŮתĽһۡ
ĽЦЦǱϾС
Ůͬʱ߳һγһΰĽΧڵУʱƥ¡
Ȼһ󣬵ɭɭʵʣŮϻ˵书һ˺ϻ
ĽѾʽŮУͥŲֻܶ
²ŵĲʲôԶΪ䳯ƿ˰ΣΪҶü
ιŮЩһ˿˿һƵİ㷢Ʈɢȴ˹ҡ
ĽǺЦ乬ɿҵʵˣ
䳯üһۣ֪ĽԼ˼޼ɣԼ˼
ѧȻ¾
ĽЦ乬Ȼ뿴βԶ֣һڵľѧ
ãд⡣䳯Ƶ
ڰ֣Сޣ°ɣ
ǡŮ޺޵ĴƮˣ۵Ľ
ĽʹʤˣҲˣյǴͷβĽһֱûԼһֱûó汾ֻӦ°ˡ
ʵĪӣ˹ʼѶָ㣬ѧǹڶ⣬ĸģȴӣίʵߡ
䳯ƻ齣ҲڲסӯĲ̬֣⼸еߵ֮
Ľ̾ȴӣ
֣СްԼĳȥѩ
һĨʱģԭѩһƬˮӯӯΣˣ̲סһ
Ľϳ˿ȻȻǶصķڵԦơ
Сƹǧ꣬ףųƵڣڵĽ·𣬾ǽҡ
䳯Ƶ޼ɣСˡ
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ˣһԦ֮ͬ裬ֶ䣬ٶ죬ѷڷɽ
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а׵һָһĨٴĽΪһߣ鶯ޱȣٶ졣
ĽһΣٴγһ⣬ܹһЦǸƹʲô
ϴ䳯Ƶ
ĽЦϴõ
䳯Ƶʩչô
ĽЦǾͿ乬ˣ
䳯һССϼ
ŮӦһȺ˳һһ䵽ϣһʱӯӯˮͬʱ˳ȥ
ΪߣΧĽ磬ĽôʦֶΣʵ޷ܿ
֮£ָһһأһ׹أȴٿһ䵽䳯ϡ
յһңָĽˮޱϲֻǵ
Ľֶ΢Ц
䳯ƺɴԶվڴκ֮һ£Ľһɡ
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ĵĽ̾
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ڵͽ֮һֱڸԾ·ʹپˣγ
䳯ȴڷ˼ԼǲҲҪͽ֮׳ƹ


220 
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ʲôˣ䳯üʡ
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漴ǵ˼ŮڵľģΣ˱Ҫ򣬲ܰ;ϡ
ô˵Լ°˸ɺ磬ǺǣôȥǱɣü
˵ŮǶͷݼڣΪԵʣԾŮҲмֹġ
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ߣ˸ˣ䳯ЦһСޣȥɣ
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ĳɹߣʹòһ㣬ͶԸƲ֮УС
ǿߵĳӡÿһ˵Ĺ

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ŮһĽǰڷʦǶסˡ
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ƳĽһۣûʲô飬ȴļӿ죬ʯͷ׹ȥ졣
ĽҲӿΣȴȻڣ䳯ߡ
䳯ƺȻһģС顱һ죬ƺһʯͷأζʱһ漴ƮƮȽȽ¡
ĽҲƮƮߣ䳯ưһ޼ɵ书֮ǿ溧ţʤԼһ
ѲڵʵôǿӵĵһֱʤԼ
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䳯һأμӿ죬һỊ̃ת۵һɽǰʱһȺŮΧŰ˸װŮƴɱ
ȺŮԼʮΧŰ꾢װŮӣȴ·磬ʱҽŵ£䳯һס֣
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ԭ޻ڣĽ֣֪ˣֱӳǾŮڵģһ磬øƹ֪Ůǲ۸ģǼҪƴ
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Ľ΢۾Χȴɣæ۾һСĽ䱸ΨǳûѣʶķӦߵıܡ

Ľ΢۾䳯ƣȴΨԼĳûǵĺ⣬ֻѵһǧ⡣
͡һХ漴ǡһĽ
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䳯ƾΣһ֣Ǵȥúÿܣ
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ĽһɽȣȻǵճ֮ɽ嶥ǸƹܵֻйŻ档
ա䳯Ƶ
˵Ʈ𣬺ܿصɽҡϣżɽһ£ϣĽ˲ӣṦƮϡ

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ðɣ㡣䳯ưڰ֣һָǰȥдɣд͵档
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оܹǰоΣգѱ¶ȴҲδ˾裬˵䳯ʲôֶΡ
һǳдһţȻã䳯Ƶ߰ɣһȥۿߡ
ĽЦЦû˵һ˷壬䳯˰ǰŮǶˣήҡ
䳯Ƶ˵棬Ů˵Ľ飬ҪɱǣǸϽǰ֣´ξ顣
ĽŽһŮ͵ᲨŮӻͷҲû˵лֻǱȭŮ뿪ˡ
Ŀ뿪䳯ƵҪס°ɣ
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ðŮȥڣн龭˵ˣȻţ͵ƹ
յţ˵ŮȫִƹŹǣĻȻ᷸ɵ


221 ˵
䳯ĽĿܣͨаţ˼ðνһʧ
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˳˴ߵĵڶƫСƿſ˽ȥŤͷӣɡ
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֪СԶԶӦһת뿪ˡ

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Բ´ǰſһԣ򢿴ֻˤӣýζĽҲû
ſæͣ¶ʦ
Ľͷû췴ɣ
ſЦûأʦڣʹ棬һ¡
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Ľڱ̫Сղס㡣
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Ľͷұ㴫һײඡ
˵ſ߲Ȼֿ߲һһʾǵǲҲǶݲ߲Ϊһ
Ǽģȼſմö࣬˼󣬿ʼѧ˸߰˰ˣĽ˵ĵͷ
ûѧֱӡԺһһѧδǶһַÿζֱӡ淴Ǿ
Ľָ˼ΣȫˣǻڵǰȲԽԽ졣
иԾõϣνӿ죬Ľ̾츳һԹۣԼ˵ԼŽ벽С
ٿſգϤŲ߽ȲԶſʤˣԼ㣬ѧվѷھ
ʱָһ¼ſգǳײĹؼӦãҪԲųɣſѧϰҪ¸Ĺ
ͷܿĽ۰ͰͿţҲĽѧϰײǿű׾ȴѸݣƶǵĳһ۵úĴһԲˡ
ĽȻͣס΢۾ۣ֮Ƭ̺գȥһˡ
ŪЩԵſæͣ²
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ϡſմӦһһ̶ˡ
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һҪ֮ͣʣȻһ뵤ʱƵת³
ĽЦпζȻ٣óһӰˡ

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Ľǻ͵Ϯһֱţ˯óԲ㣬Ͽ塣
ǡſԲôš
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ſεĵͷʦĻܲ
ĽֵԴһӽ쿪ʼڵؽס
ԥӦǣʦ
Ľɨһۼſգƺ˵ɣſͷٺЦٶ졣
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ڶ峿ΧĽƫʱǰŮһǺơ
µ䳯Ƶӣд輸Σ
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һȵ䳯Ƹǰ䳯ԴźɴǺɴһƣüԶ죬Ƿֻ֣ü䵭ǧ֮⡣
Ľһ絽ŵһȭȴ޺ȭ
䳯絶ն£顱һ죬Ľˣֻȭͷ类һ㣬΢΢ʹ
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ĽĴȴЦеģĵķ޷
˴˱˴ˡ䳯Ƶ
ĽЦǹҲһƣ
Цеһ仰˵꣬һĳ䳯Ļ䱸絶ӳⲻʲôֻһն
͡һХУ䳯һΣ漴һԶ
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һƿӯƮݣȴ˽ķ߷ǽ֮䳯ƾܵ´룬ίʵ
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Ľۣ֮һٶ嵽¥ǰ֣Ա¥ǰסŲЩ˽
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ĽҡҡͷһԾɵϣϥڵ˫ֺʮʱ飬ľ
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о𣬾ģ漴ķ仯һжСһж޹ؽҪ縡ƣֵô󶯸ɸ꣬αͽ޹˯һᣬЪһЪ
оԽԽ죬ܵӰԽ󣬶ٶȼԭĶ־ޡ
־һйǷ׷׺ˣҿ㣬㿴ңЩãȻ޴룬ûΡ
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һҲûһ󣬴˷Ѹ֮;˵ȡãнݾߡ
֮ǻ۹£ֵ֪ز᲻ĳɷ
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֣ԱҲɿһۣ˴еľǴͨǸ书Ƿ֮ΰӳ֡
ĽȴʧݶûֹײβȴǼŸϻظƹñƳ


222 ϻ
һʧ֮˷׷׷ӦԲ¸ʱڵؽļſ뾲ӭˡ
Ⱥ޾ſţ˯˹ȥ˿㣬æһҽ
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Ľصɽϥϣı仯ڲ̡ͣ
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СްһۣߵҪȥôûʲôÿģʲôҲԱߵв٣Ȫأ
šĽЦȪ
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Сʧĵ뿴ʲôѽСкܶ飬С鱦úܣ˵ġ
ĽƳһСޣСѾͷһӻˮأѾ壬Լȥ
ǲԼС㶼ԼϣҪŮ˻ǲܵأϱҪ
ЦеĵһЩǼƵΣοƹ
Сһ˿ĽЦе乬ɣ
֪أҪʿСæ
ĽЦ乬һнɣ
Сĵ׷飬ôѽӺɷܹ𣿡
ĽǺЦ󣬵ѽ
˭Ầ㣬飡СްһۣŤͷȥСʣ費㣡
˵һ̶ˣƿŽȥһðɣСӦˣ
ĽЦлС޹
СбߵлʲôлֻҪ㲻ͳɣ
Ҳ׹ˣĽǿļı䲻֪οƵģֻҪСһ˵Լ͵ð
ĽЦС޹ģҲ˵һ䡣
ߣ⻹࣡Сһ䣬ŤһƫӻͳһԿףŽȥһֻſżʱŤͷԸҪһЩĪҪŪˣŪ飡
ãסĽЦ
˵ֻһŵܸһֱ˴ΡΡ֮ʱᵹһ㣬ϰᣬƼ
Щߴһţÿʮܣȫ飬ŨīϢת
ĽЩ乬
С޽ĵЩһְˣСͶˡ
Ľ̾ĵͷû뵽
С޿¶̾飬ԽĽĵССϲ飬ֻһˣļƫ飬һظ󣬺ߣһûС࣡
Ľͷѵã
С޺ߵЩ㾡ܿǱŪˣҪСһ㣡
ĽڰֵС޹ɣԼһ˾ͳɡ
С޿ֱЩ飬֪ҲǸϲģʱ˴ţСˡ
һŤߣһ

ļ죬Ľһֱ麣Щ廨ţʲôУһЩ书š
Щ书ŶǳĽûصһЩ£ġ
һֱöʶȫʶҪ飬Լһ˵̽Զɡ
缢ƿʵĶУʱü죬ûȿ꣬峿麣С޽ӣ㡣
Ľһϵᣬ֮۶ʱ򿪣Цðɡ
߳תͷֿһۣҡҡͷеĴź䳯ƣһ꣬ţǹ˳ϡ
ʦ֣ˣĽЦ
˳΢ЦȭʦܣŹ
˼죬ϵҲຮѣӻͳһŵݸĽĽ䳯ףӹš
ŷֱӿܿ꼸ҳ̧ͷЦʦһ·˰ɣ
ó˳ȻһȾȴмַ˪ɫȻһ·Уû顣
˳ЦûʲôģȻţҲˣ㲻߰ɣ
ĽͷҪ졣
ǺãˣһСҪȥ졣˳ϵתȭ乬¸ǡ
䳯ףˡԶ͡
ĽЦʦ֣߰ɡ
䳯бһۣû˵Ŀ뿪һ޼ɵܣҲ߯СˣԼʲôˣ֮٣Ҳ̫СԼ
°ŭȴƵᣬû¶

ʦܣҪ죿˳üĽ˴ʱվ±ߣŰƶ両˳Ťͷһ۴̾Ƶó乬Ʋദġ
֪ĽƢ㣬ȴǸĸģ乬ȻҲǣĸһ붼֪ᷢʲô
ĽЦЦʦַİɣһСĵġ
˳ϵŮˣþһðɣһʶˡ
ĽͷЦҲ㶣İɣҲһʶ
ˣ˳ɿЦҪʲô
Ľҡͷ֪أ˵պٸʦϸ˵
ðɡ˳ϵͷ򣺡ʦܣŵ
乬һӲʦֲͬʦ䣬ȴĮºģԱҲᡣ
乬ȴͬһָ࿴ʲôﶼһ㣬ίʵһּ˵ĸ߰ûֵ¶Ц
ʦͳ˴ʦĸ˭ܱȣݵԼǰ˸߰˶Ҫһµġ
뵽Щģ˴һҪ£Ҫ
Ľɫ粻µ˼Цʦ֣ͱ²ˣģ
˳̾˿ҡҡͷԸ˰ɣƹʵۺ䲻£òҪǵúá
֪֪ĽεĵͷæʦҪȥЪһЪɣŻȥ
˳ҡͷ£ǺðɣҾ
ĽһԾƮƮһֻȥ
ĽȻأԼӻ֣ΪһĨʧˡ
վ±ٷһת˴
䳯ƾڴϣȴǲȲ֫ͦΣԵŶݣͷ˼޷ںڣ
Ų̧ͷͶˮĿ⣺˰ɣ
ĽЦŵͷǿԿʼˡ
䳯Ƶ跢һģԼ˵֪
ĽüͷһЦæһ㡣
ĵĻҲ㡣䳯Ƶ
Ľƶü乬Ľַô죿
䳯Ҳü֪ˣ
ĽҷģǽƣΣ
䳯ˮκߵǵǾľ𣬷ºƷҲ£αض£
Ľ乬Ϸ
ҲǫĻˣ䳯ƺһ
Ľ鱨ռ࣬ƹҲǴǧĴɣڵĲͬƹӿν£Ŀͨ
ĽҴӲɱ޹֮ˡ
޹䳯΢ЦǽµĸƹӲ޹
Ľ΢Цǽµĸƹӣ
䳯һͣȻһˣҴӦǣ
ȻʡǽµĸƹӱȻˣ˵µûиƹӵһ
ĽЦŵͷָ췢һģȥֻܳء
䳯ϸ˰Σе֡
Ľ΢ЦҲͣʵȷʵǶģһӦģ
䳯ˮޱߣܰ˵ĻȥĽľˮӲܡ
ι䳯ܲסתĿ⣺һأ

Сޣĸ棬κ˲׼۷ʲô׼̤һ
ǡСŮӦһת˴Źϡ
һ°ֻĽ䳯ƣĽ䳯ƮһȽȽ¥ϡ
Ƭ̺ƮһڵСϻӣԽԵѩ
ĽһۣεСϻӿźܹӣûʲôƣҲûէǺɫϸɫ
ӿȥȴ͸һƬʹΪʦҲ޷˽вʲôһ磬˿ȥ
¶Цݣ
ϻӣָָ
š䳯ŵϣĿŲĽһţǵڶʦ֪ʲôš
ĽԽ棬ЦʦλӶ²
䳯ҡͷ²Ҳû˼
û˴򿪹Ľʡ
䳯Ƶû˴򿪣Ҫһһͬʱע롣
ĽЦʦǰû˰æ
䳯üߵʱһΪѾѷʦ
Ľ֮ʤɣʦǵΪɣ
䳯ƺһۣʦΪҲûãеӲ
ĽЦ󹬵ķӦŮӣ죬ҲԹǲ
ϻ˵ʼɡ䳯Ƶ
Ľֻעɣ
䳯Ƶͷܼ򵥡
ĽЦȻ˼򵥣ΪǰûɹҲҲæģġ
䳯üţͷĺһۣƵưϻϣһ룬ĿʾĽưϡ
Ľµˣ䳯˲ѽӦܳһλǰѸƹķ۷塣
Ҳѹ֣ԼΪʦĵԼȻǼģϧ̤ʦʦơ
Ľָ䳯Ʊ֣
Ľĳ֣ಢһ룬⶷
䳯üһƬȻҪһγɹܷҩֲסĻʧܣҪעʡ


223 ɵ
Ľͷһ£ʱһǿӿǿ֮һлҲҪȥ
һʱסΡȻʯ
䳯ӻһ£ɴҶڴУĽε̾ұ̽ߣִҼͷ룬
䳯Ƴһۣˮһ£һתͷĽ֡
ͨһ̽ĽҲ֮̾ǾУʤʦһ
Ӵ֮£һ˿˿³ιʳһľޣҪģ̫
ʱ仺ʣĽʱɨһ䳯ƣһʱͷһ˿˿һưһ˿ƮͷɢģЩ˿ԽԽ࣬ͷγһƬơ
Ľȴɫ糣˿û״û䳯ƲʱƳһĽȻ
ϻӼΪŹ֣ܸܵйˮԼֶ־ΪȻԶʤԼ
µǣ޾һ㣬һԼ֮࣬ȴԼѾó
ֹ˰ʱĽһƽû䳯ưڣӨ˱һӨ͸ȴ죬Ĩһ㵭֬
ĽҡҡͷϻʵŹ֣ôûжӻҪһ
ִϷ̽磬ͨɴܸܵͷԲϸ壬
ɴҲ죬ƫƫȫסۣʹҲ޷͸ʲôҲܷǹ
룬֮䳯ԭĻ᲻ûãҩȻЧǱ˵ҲЧġ
֮ˮһʱܹΪһţֱעԭ
ͨϡתȫΪԼģϻ֮ĽԽɵ뺦Լֻһɡ
һĽţָоȹԼΪţӲɡ
ʱĽм֮࣬ҲȻΪһ֮Σ䱸ʶѾӡ
Ϊκ˶ţƱ䣬ɿҪκˣߵˣЩʦӡ

ĽֽƶǿЧʴ֧ģиࡣ
ֹ˰ʱ䳯ɫ԰ֽ·һս˵ľɢòࡣ
Ľɫ糣һֵϻϣһְ֧ţ;ƿݱˡ
ڵҲܣĽϣȴҪתĽҪתһͳȥ
ģǱתۣĽޱȣǼľʱоһ֮á
ȻһһˡһϻڷһȺ۷ɶ
Ľüһ䳯ƣ䳯˫۷ŹĶϻϻȫϣڼ⣬˷糱ˮӿͷ޲һϻ浽ʲô
֪һܸı両ƹ֮ţҲ鵤֮ƹԷԾһȵͷҲʦ
ĽˣΪ֪浽ʲôû̫⣬˹ֱϻڡ
Լһյʱ䣬ϻڳԱˣ䳯Ƽһ˷ּҪⱦĿˡ
Լŵ˼ޣٹһ氾סˣת޼ɵ治£̫Ҳ鷳¡
飡һ죬Ľһ䳯ȴһҡһ£ĽһֹסΣͬʱϻ
ֻһǿӿƵǿʤ䳯һ
Ľһ䳯ȴǰһ̽ϻţŲ⡣
ĽΪ˱ӣûǰգһ
žѩСִϻʱˡһХһĨüģס
ϻһĽëৡһ𣬺Ϯͷһ䳯һʧԭء
ʲô䳯Ҷüߵһⶥؿڣǿᡣ
Ľ峬༫ޣѪӿһ£ûˣһʧԭء
䳯ƵҶüšһţҲˣһεĶԼȴ޼ɳԼܹˡ
û޼ɣԼ㲻ȥģ⵽ʲôٶȣֿ񲻴ڣȴܸоõ
Ľҡͷ乬ųĵʲô
˵һ䳯ٴʧӺ档
͡һХӴ͸һСԼĴָСԲ⻬ֱ͸⡣
䳯ЩãȻҡͷҲ֪
ĽͷһۣʱԳŮ飬ãȻ֣˼⡣
Ľʦû˵
䳯ҡҡͷʦû˵ʲôֻ˵һһõһԾ졣
˵ŻʧأϹ֣ΪĶ׷ϣֻƾооĴڡ
ָо֮ĽȴԿЦܸоĴڣΪ˵Ļˡ
ĴʦҲãǰûܷϻ֮ΣգϻһϸоõȴѾˡ
ϻ䲻ʥһ죬ܹסԼʦߣסʦĸоԲǷ
֮治УԼʦ޵Уݺ޼ɣȫǵģһ̵Ľѵ
׷ɱԼĶ״Ϊһ壬һ˿оΪӦ
ˣֱӱУǶϷ˭Ҳ֪ʲô䵽ϻΡ
һһţĽͣʩչСŲƣ⿴Ķһ򣬴Ѿǧٿףƻòࡣ

ôãĽܸо״乬һѷɵηɵշ֮
ɵ䳯һֱãȻУ̫ʵķ̫һʱֻãȻ޴룬Ľܡ
ĽϴԦɵɣ
š䳯Ƶͷ
Ľܲշѷɵ
շ֮䳯Ƴһµͷ
Ľǻʲôˣ
䳯ҡҡͷʱпܣڡ
ĽĬȻעתɴĽȻûԼݶķת
˵ѾԼķ
һ𣬱ضĲݣȴԼƣҲˣֻ߶Լת֮󣬵㣬Ҳָ糣
Ľĥˣշ
һУֱΣӱʮСףôȥҪ۶ϣǴҲ
Ͼٶ룬ȻҧָʱѪŽѪԶʤһŮӣʤ׳ӡ
Ѫ֮߳һһѪѪѪγһƬѪɴ
͡һХһɵѪ֣Ѫɴסˣ鶯ٶȻһ¡
Ľһɵ羫£Ĵָ̣ϸϸˮɵģλӯӯ˸Ų⡣
裡䳯ƽ߳һ˫ֽӡָѾһѪ飬һ׼ȷ䵽ɵϡ
ɵһͣԽ̬ƶʱȻֹ񱻷סˣ䳯ƳһһµĽá
Ľͷ˵ľ˥ߣһ±˲书ģ
ĽŤͷڿеķɵѪɵһȥɵζ񲨹Եˮ档
ĽüܸоΣգңΣյĸоüĽˣ
Ѫ֮Եķš䳯ƻ
Ľҡҡͷ񲻴ס
ֻţסҲû취䳯ҡͷüŷɵоҲܸоΣա
Ľε̾Ȼſ䳯ƣϥϣ˫ֺʮ΢
ľƮڴɢԭѵķɵʱһͣ漴Խҡ
䳯æе
ϧҪֹĽҲ⵽Ľǰʱȴׯ壬ûдš
ŤͷɵȾźķɵڰҪʱѪʱ˽ȥܸܵɵȴǿ񱩶ҪɱԼ
һΪ˵񱩵ľɫԽףһѪɫҲޣ˫޹⣬µǹɱҵľ糱ˮһ㣬һһԼĲݵļơ
ֵ֮ŤͷĽׯϣžģֱƮĵףԾķһһӿҲûôǿˡ
ԼһӣоʱֹͣĽۣ䳯γѣæ۾ȥ
ȻʡԼղ˯ȥˣ֪㱣ʲôҲ֪ˣһæɵȥȴ˸գʲôҲûƼ
ȴܸоõɵڿУһһٿġ
Ľ乬ˣ
䳯ƴϲϲ֮üңһɵٿһֳԭγġ
֬һ羫µС˴ӳԽ𪣬ɵԽӨ͸ޡ
õĽ̾
䳯лˣ
ĽЦҡҡͷ̫֮̾飬пá
׵ġ䳯һһҴӦ㣬ô˵Ըڵӡ
ĽҡͷЦ̾˿
Լһ治֪ԻˣųôһѷɵίʵǸ֮ǿʤԼѷɵ
Լķɵ޼Ϊƿս⣬ɵȫͬ٣ϢմԼϢҲѷ֡
ѵ͵ϮԼʮа˾ܳɹʦķӦ죬ܲᱻɱġ
һܴ˴ʦķɵɼ֮ǿʦ֮޵У

ĽǸƹ֮
š䳯ףϸɵȻʡ֮бǾòֵ
ĽҡͷϾұΪء
䳯Ƶſɣȴϱá
ĽЦδذɣѵϣ﷭
䳯ü㣬Ƿһỹϣ
ĽǵñãȻˣұˣ
䳯Ƴһ£߰ɣҲˣúЪһЪ·٣
ĽתͷɫһƬ谵¹Ӵһֱרעڷɵûҹɫ
ҲáĽס
һ۴ЦˣһˣðԼѹţ
ɽķϣԽҪ󼫸ߣﱻɵǧٿףӣɸˡ
֪ģ͡䳯ƺߵ
ĽתͣסָָϵϻǶͦģ͸Ұɡ
ȥ䳯һ֣ϻĽ
ĽֽסЦܹ˵ô꣬Ƿѽ
æлˡ䳯Ƶ
ĽЦðֻǷһˡ
ϻ˴СŮվ棬æɴ۾СæʣôС
ĽЦǿԽȥ
һֺ¸߹գ¹صԼƫоϻ


224 ǹ
ϻĲ죬ľľһ񣬵û
һ죬سһɵ䳯ƵõķɵͬԴһЩҲǷɵ£ֻһơ͸
ɵϻУϻ֮󣬶ʱʧȥϵԳһƬռ䣬ķɵƿս⣬ܹƿգʹӵһ磬Ҳܸоõ硣
˿ϻȻǰϷֻҪϻЩһϻ䣬׵֡
˵ѵ֣ȴ׵֣书֣һĶ֣еУνֱܹǰоΣգѰ㡣
ΪˣЩֲŲ°㣬оϻеΣգȻΪΣգ޷Ĵ򿪣˰㡣
ϻȴǴСˣװһЩĶãʥ飬Ǳʥ
һһʧϣص˺ᲨֱȥѩСԺ
ʥﶼģֻзڷѩϣҲʥѹѩ
»ˮ
СԺھĵģĽһ֣ʱСԺѩһϮѩ֡
ʱˣ߾ԣʵüԲд漸˯⣬
Ľһöʦ㿪ۡ
ױģѩ˾Сͤ£ôȲˣȥþưɣʲô
ĽϻӻͳŵϣתСͤһ̳ƣ˵ϡ
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һڣ֧񱭻͸ѩģڷ˵ʱ˲ٵıģƽ
ʲôѩоһҡҡͷ
Ľʦѷ
ѩ·ݸĽָָϻŽ
ѩԵķŽȥĽϻһϣЦеĵΣ
ףѩоһɣҪƮȴԾѹһʧ
⡭ѩָϻȻȥʥϢ
ĽĵͷǱɣ
ѩϻ⵽ʲô
ĽҡͷҲ֪ȥʶ㲩˵֪֮ã
ʦڸƹѩʣһڣĿϣĵʡ
ĽҰ乬һæ
¶Цҡҡͷ
æ⣿ѩʣĽһӲ̣˽ӣΪѡ
Ľ̾˿ǷŻɽ
ô£ϸ˵˵ѩæ
Ľǽľ˵һ飬ѩƬ̣ǰѷɵж
Ľһ֣ɵسģһȭԶһ񻺻£ӰسΡ
ƣɵģûѩȴ֪ɵϢ޼
ʶѷɵ֪ʦܵɱﵡ
ѩһ£üʣǰѵʦķɵ
Ľͷֻǿ
ǵ鷳ˡѩף̾ѷɵĪ⣬ǰѷɵɱ𣿡
Ľҡ
ѩ֮⣬üǾ˵֮󣬳ȼʦ˶㲻
ţɡĽͷ
ѩ´ĽЦʦ㣬Ѳл
ʦܣ乬һǸ˶ɣѩ
Ľҡͷɴ棬ݡ
ŶѩЦ⵹ˣʲôôĵİæ
Ľ̾乬ҵĺ׼Ҫæġ
ѩЦЦǸɫʦԹϵģ˺ãûˣ
Ľʦ㣬
ҲѾŮڵ˵ˣѩȻЦֲأԭΪѽðɣҲ˵ˣ
ĽɿڵĹؼô죬˷ɵ绢ϣ
ѩʦܹˣһ֮Ҫġ
Ľ¾ŮȥһؾŮڳ˴ݵġ
ѩ̾˿ҡͷʦ㻹湻æģ
ĽЦܲúСİɣһȥ乬˵գȰһ
Ȱ乬ѩЦЦ
Ľǰôһæɣ
ѩһȰ乬Ȱ˾Ůڣ
ĽҡͷüƬ̣εҪ꣬ҪˣȥɣҲ
Ͷѩ¶ЦݣȥͷԽŪԽ㣬Է֣Ȩûˣ
Ľ̾乬ŷɵɱŮڵģҲɱˣȴҶʵѰ
ѩбû뵽ʦ㻹ǸĳأǹĿ࿴
Ľǵı죬»Ҫú룬ʲôȫķӣ˸ƹŮڵĶԹ
ŮСۣһԹѻ⣬ϣ󣬵ֻҪΪӣԼǴʦǷ档

ڶ峿ʱ֣ĽţҪͬ䳯ƸǣһϮɴվǰ
ĽһЦ乬ô磿
Ҫô䳯ʣˮĿͶķ·۲У沨š
ĽǸøˣϧЩûꡣ
䳯Ƶ뿴¿ɣû˸ߡ
Ľüͷһۣ֪ʲôģǲʲôıЦŰɣ
ʲô䳯ҡͷ壬ƫûһ
Ľ˵Ļÿɺã
ÿϣ䳯ü
ĽЦǡ
䳯Ƶ뿪ϻ
ĽЦŵͷǣŹ徲ɣǲˣ
ðɡ䳯ưڰֵɣ벻뿴ҷɵһ㡣
ĽЦٺò
Ī֡䳯Ƶһܲġ
ĽЦеĵ乬һسӵİɣ
䳯ü˵ʲôأ
ĽǺЦҿ乬ҲôС۵ģðɣҾһɵ֮
ͣһХٿĽһΣʧԭأ䳯ЦЦҲһѷɵҪҪʶһ
ٺò䳯ƺߵ
ԦϢĽĽȴָһһ죬ɵһ£漴ʧ
ҪԦĽȴЦ乬
䳯üĽؿָָͷһƣȴһӨ͸ķɵǰɴϡ
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ҲǷɵ䳯üĽѷɵ
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ĽЦˣһųѵҵӡܸӦõ
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Ľô˵˶Բƹ£Ҫɱඣ
š䳯ƻͷκ˶ԲƹҶ飡
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Թ߰ɣ䳯˵תߣȰȽȽʧڴ
Ľ򢿴ıӰţȻСܹϸѵõĽǵģһ
Լ¶ɵΪ˸һ裬ΪΪҲ׷ɵûôǿ
ÿ飬һ鲩ޱȣ𴦿ȻǧĻۣԶһɿɱȡ
ߣҲΪ̵ɱˣƾķɵ֪ɱ̫ס
ʵµĻǾŮʱ䳯ƾףһڣ˼֮»ɱˣٶɱġ
ڴԣһԲĽͷڱͷ˶ţĽɴĳԷô̫ۣȴҲż¶ļ°һ㣬⻬ϸ覴á
ţҪɴȴ˿ûвͷĸоϰΪˡ
ĽЦƽʱԷɴ
䳯ƺһۣĵĵƽʱժɴ
Ľ˯ʱأ
ժ䳯Ƶ
ĽĵǺʱժ
׵ʱ򡣡䳯Ƶ
Ľҡͷ̾Ϣʦǿ̣һֱɴʵڲ㡣
ϰ˾ͺá䳯ƲŲˣ࣬ȻţĽǿһء
ĽСڣΪֻΪ˺úʳ
˵ŻŷСŮվһź򣬲ʱһۣһִСڡ
Ǻܿ콫뷨ųȥ¼һС㣬ʹ޼òƽƽҲ䲻ϻòС㣡
һ룬ʱĽ̫ƣС޻һЩĽΪƣҲȤС㡣
Ľ˼ȫ䳯ϣûĸСѾͷ˼ȴһֱ䳯Ƶ˼ΪԼ
飬һ飬ΪԼİϲԼ䳯ŮӣĸĿӣһĶڸƹϣûŮ˽ġ
Ǳģʲôģ²ҲȥۿҪ«ʲôҩ
ԹڣĽҪǣ䳯û

ĽҪ뿪֮ʣȻһ乬Ҷĳˣ̸ƹѧ
һֱڴը죬ǰ֮ɼһ㡣
ĽһŤͷ䳯ƣǡ
䳯ƵǹŵҶϣ
ǹţĽ룬רǹǹ֮ƣ˵ºе֡
ҲǹԭľӪѧǹ˾ľѧν¶ǹ
ı٣ȭƹ򣬵û࣬ǹȴټʱȤ
Ц䳯һۣ乬λҶϿǹ񣿡
š䳯ƻͷ
ĽüͷһλҶҲλʤǹһѧ¶⣬ǹɡ
˵ǹӱ򣬺֪ǹһ·ǹһͻᣬһѧ㾫ֵ׳Խǹʦǹʮʽǹ˼¡
ĽʣҶΪ乬
䳯Ƶսܲս
ҶսƹĽЦǺõǣ
䳯Ƴһۣеô
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ǹĻΪβսڣ䳯ƺߵ
ĽЦҡͷǵǣɵӣ»һսڣ
Ǹƹ䳯ƺߵ
Ľҡҡͷ΢Ц乬ʱʤңսҲ٣
㲻ص⣬һģ䳯
Ľһڿ˼ԼڸƹǱģ˽ԼҵԼ㣬ӶԼ
ĽǺЦ䳯üЦʲô
ĽЦҾ͵乬սʱܴң
㲻ص⡣䳯ƿЦݣգȫ÷ɵ
ĽҡͷЦ乬ܵùҵķɵ
䳯Ʊ죬üʱڶ𣺡乬ɽϲô
죡䳯³֣ʯͷȥ


225 ǹ
ұ죬乬ɣҶȲЦһը졣
ĽҡͷΪ乬Ҫæ
ΰ䳯ƺһƮƮ˴ֱһԾһƮȥ
ĽƮƮ֮ʣֻʮһվһȺµµӵİΧС
Ľڿбɨһʮһ󺺣ͷһλ޳ͦεӢֳֳ꣬ǹȻ׿ȻȺ
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ʮ󺺶꣬Ⱥǹ°վ󣬳ǹأɭϣĽһ۱µҶϡ
Щ˵ΪҶ˫ȴûбףʮӸ̫ѨСң΢ݣĽʮǵðµĸ֣ʦ֡
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֣Сæһ˫ֵϣޱȡ
ĽɨһСޣ΢΢һЦǸɵģƽʱ䳯ƿûôúܡ
ǰСȴǸĹһĹ䳯ƣСϹϾ

ţҶϰڰ֣¶ѩ׵΢ЦҶĳɽѣҪս
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ҲáҶεĵͷˣҶĳˣ
Ľ˺һ䳯ӵһ͡һХһԲ
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䳯ƻӵն䣬ǹཻԵ
Ľüͷһ£ǹмַǹϣ˵Ϊ䳯Ƹʤһ
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¸ǣҶϼѵıһȭתߡ

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ʲô鷳ֻ֪ߵغˣ䳯ƵᣬʲôҲûתߡ
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ĽЦ֪һ
ãҵҪһĵ䳯ƺߵ
мܲǹ仯Ī⣬ʤԼǵڣƹųƵڣ޼ֿԣ


226 
ĽһУϵһϣεʣЦеĵҶԵ̫ˣ
˵Ȼһ䣬ʴ䣬·Ϊһ޴ĵبڿУ漴һն
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Ľ΢Цǣҵݹ١

ת֮ʣȻһʱĸŮһָɣ붯ȴס
Լ̫࣬ʹ֣Ҳһе£ʵʵ뿪֮жᡣ
ĽĿ뿪أֶ֪ιܲãͨǶ仨ܸܵΪǳ
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˵Ǹӣʦ֣Ҳʦһ֣һǳ
óȻ뿪Բ£ѣԼţҪҲҪĵϴ
ڶ峿ʱ֣մӸɽԲ£ȻУԸſ뾲ڲóȥһʧ
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ʮһ΢ЦտȻ
Ǵҹ㣬СѣӨӯӯ绪
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ϥһʯͷϣ˫ֽӡϢ֮󣬿ʼ˴ȱ飬ԲһһƮС
鲻δţֻǾĽƺδӰ죬Ľоʮ֮ɫ΢䣬Ҳ˿ʯͷϥϣ˫ֽӡ۾


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ת۹ɷΧƽ̹徻һС
ĽоԽԽͳÿһǿֱ͸ĵס
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Ľһ£漴һʱָ糣
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Ľֻǰһ󷢺ڣ̾ϢԭΪԼΪʦ󣬼޵ˣԼľǿ亱УʹڴʦҲ㶥ġ
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˵ţεȴ͵Ľշ·γһҪԭء
ϧĽСŲƳܹԽգͨƿս⣬糤ܹƿգ޷ס

εҡҡͷʵڲߵһģµֻܽˣԼǶ֡
ʦıһıԲͬʵĲֲֶͨһţš
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ͻٴ룬üտȻǼ֣֮׽סҲκβ
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Ľ΢Цһ£Ȼ󻺻ϻ顱һ죬ʯʱأɢһء
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Ľ΢Ц书С֮ǰҲһ书һľѧ
⻰һɸɮ緶ֱҧǺõúܣҵҪС
˵ŻƮƮһ絽ĽǰһĳһƣĽִĴָһ
ûᣬĴָԼ͹ĽᣬʦΪ񣬵Ͼߵķ·ӣǷͨ书ͬǿȥ
ףȻ类ɣʱһ

Ľһ󣬲ӦѾѨ΢Цˣˡ
סˣãΨܶüȻĹտȻУʲô书
Ľ΢ЦҡͷСֵһᡣ
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Ľ΢ЦͲ¶ô
ɱ䣬ɱˡЦտȻҲĺġ
ĽҡҡͷɿˣǺУɱȴ٣ħΪ˼䣬Ҳǳ˵ıݡ
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ҡҡͷʦ


227 
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һֱûĽΪɲ⣬ԼǶ֣ʦҲɣһ䳯Ƶɼһ㡣

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ЦŴӦȥ˺ѩ÷һԣʦ֪ʦǨŭˣԼ뵽޼ɡ

峿ʱ֣Ľڸɽȭ޺ȭỺ赸䳯ҲȴһƷ޺ȭ֮ͬǻͣ衣
˵Ļ࣬һ֮ż˵һ䣬䳯ƺһֱ˼У˵Ҳٶһ
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λȥ˵΢Цǰ˼ǰһĴУ䳡Ǵݺݺڵǣ˴ڡ


229 
沽̬ÿһޣƫƫţ˿û֮ίʵһλ
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⣬ɺò⣬Ϊǵ֮ʣɺΪΪϲݲ
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޼ɣǴһεķУûμӣȴ˵ˣ书֮ǿνˣ˵ѾǴʦҲ֪Ǽ٣ʦʮ֮ܳɾͣǹʶ;ͳɴʦίʵ˰Űɡ
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ѩҧҧ֪ڳĪʹ࣬ʦĥ˵ַǧٹ֣Ҳܱһ̲ࡣ
Ƭ̹ͷڣ죬Ȫˮÿ˽ŵ¶ʪһƬ
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236 
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˾վ񣬺ûĽĳ֡
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ɿ֣Ů̾תůڵģȪһ㣬ƫƫʮ㡣
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һУŮȵվԭأˮ˿񹥲ֹĵ⿴ĿЩĿĵ⹥ˮĽС
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Ůⶸ䣬ɻ伲ˮһ±ҫۣܲ׷нҽŵû˶
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ʱѾҪȴֲҳ֮£췢һХԶҲХ
Ľüλбɱ𣿡
ŮҡͷԲŮϢˣϺ󡣡
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ԲŮͷﶼ˹Сʦ뿪ѹأǽȥġ
ĽŤͷһۣͷһʯڣйţ˿˺ۼȷʵлء
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ԲŮ΢΢һЦҲȥġ
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Ľ˶ˣȴԹûų֣ǻʲô£ܾǲô׵ıܡ
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ףκü羢꽣Сĵ
СӺٺЦһڹȥƲ䣬ĹӰɣܶôĽУԼֻһȥƾһз

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Сҡͷ̾ˣ˵ȥʵڶˡ
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ϷȻʡãлѣ΢Ц
һĽЦտȻʦдΣ


237 
ĽףǲԼǴʦ΢ЦҲãд֣Ҳһºǰ
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ĽЦǼ˸ˣǹȸƣߣЩ⣬Ҳܵ֡
֪ͺãҪɱң
Ľǣ͸֧ǱԪһ۲СҪúõæİɡ
ͷðɣȥʲôҪģֱӻҾǣ
ĽӦˣת뿪

峿ʱ֣ĽݣվԺ룬ӭĵ˸
ӶһϮۺȣһۣˣ㻹û˯
ԴĽһֱ˯ͣл˵켸ҹû˯һ㣬ڵС᷿뱱š
ĽΪĸɺİȫֱס߻Ůڵ˶֪ɺļͽܿ
ɱ̫һֱָ˵ָܹܿĵľȴһʱ䲻
ʱֲվһ붨ֻĬľټķ㷨ţָ
һֱ˯ʱҲϾᣬȡĻָôʱ̿ͳԸˡ
Դ֪ǿ˵֮̿Խӣ˵ǽһһʩչĻ鷳ʹˡ
ؼǶ֮ǽδ֮ʱȻһסǣзӵĻᡣ
ǰ뷨һʧֻ֮ǰסˡ
ĽЦǰȫ˰ɣ
ţѾˡͷһˮϴæ˲ˡ
ĽЦڵȵһˣллء
ֲĴ飡Ц˸ʲôҿأ
ĽǺЦǰˣ¾ͺ˵ˣ
ˣϽϴ
Ľͷϴϵë˲ЦСĵ̫ܲƽ
ţ֪ˡͷҲǣ̫ƴ
ĽЦзִģǰ޹ô죿
ʦҡҡͷͬ⣬㻹İɣ
ҲʦһϾбȥڸʦ̫ܡ
Ľһ˵˵ġ
ǧˣһæһӻأ


238 
ĽЦǲͬ⡣
Ц绨ĺļһܼھŮڣ֮ƺԼһˣûƺԼֶΣ˵ɺˣɼ޳ȥŮóȥˮδعá
һҡҡͷ»ãֻҪɺ˿ڣϰȥˡ
Ҫһֱʦô
Ľҡͷٸȥͳɡ
鷳ַĹܲ𣬾һڵģ򣬻һ书Ŀһ
Цᵢ̫õģΪ·ϾϻȥɳĶǸ֣Ṧ·ܿ졣
ĽЦԸ˰ɡ
Ŵأķһõģһ˽ƣָҲ⣬뵽£Եġ
˵ŻĽϴ飡һ죬·һըף漴Ű졣
ǡĻ̌ͷ죬ȴը졣
̧ͷ죬ʱ¶ϲЦݣ
ĽЦҪΪʦˣ
ЦҲҪΪˣʦǺܼǳģһ֮ʦһֱأҪСඣ
ĽεɣҿǰǸؿѽ
Цҡͷ⻰Ҹǰ˵ûãǸʦ˵գ
Ľ̾ûæ飿
ЦеĵûѽԽ˵ʦԽรգСһ
ĽЦҰôһæ㹻ˣ
ʦһֱԭǹǹǹ߲ܵģйй򷣣
ĽЦͱŻˣȥ𣿡
ǵˣŻúţҪŹأյӲҲҪҲѧЦ
Ľҡͷ̾ͬţ
˾ŹأܽʦԺ滹أ֮г𱨳ԹԹˣ
Ľ̾Ȣϱ̫ףҪһƤ

׷ţ˰ʱ֣֮ӭȢ˸ɺ磬ܹ뿪Ůڡ
ɺڰ̨ú֮ŰڽӵԱߣһȾޱȣۣ֮Ų廨ñӣһϲ
ĽһڽӺ棬һСˣ벻ۣǺϲĺ
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ͺãµӰӣʲôʹɺΪѣԲġ
ȻûʲôƣûʲôֽţòýһɣŮڵĹϵʱһ䣬ǵˣѣҪġ
˵ǵ𣿡ĽںԺĿ⾼
¶һ˿΢ЦĽԺ𣺡˵Ǹʦһٻȥʦ޽ڹ¶
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֪Уĺɫʼӿ֣֮Աһ̽ͷ
֮ҴطЪ¡
ǣ˹ĵͷӦתַԸȥ

ͷӣο࣬ӣüĿ䵽꣬һӣòãӢȻȱĽǿöࡣ
˭ѽԺĽ
ĽЦ׿һ׿ʦ塣
Ϊͦߵأôû֣
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ĽЦλ׿ʦƽʱɽ¶ˮģʵһλоĴֻ֣˲֪ˡ
ֲءףһԶ׿һɣתĿ⣬ܸоĿעӡ
ĽЦĵ㲻ϵõĶˣպһһܣλ׿ʦʵҲ֮һ
ѽֲءͷ鱨У֮һҲ̽
ĽǱ´ˣλ׿ʦΪǳ˸֪ǱŵĵҲףӲ¶书ġ
ز¶ءƲƲ죬ĽԺĽ΢ЦΪ˷ǾŮһɣҲ֪ˣкܿԣ
ǵҲǣΪӦòѷҰɣ
ĽЦЦʤһΪķţ㱻ƭˡ
ķţߵ˼ζʲôɲصģǲҪˣ
ĽҡҡͷԺЦǻȻҪʾһֲࡣ
֮ߵ
˵˵֮ʣɫȫ׿һѾָͣһɽǰȻ˳ܿ𼸶
ĽüܣһȺ˹һǾŮڵĵӣʮڵӡ
Ľоˣü֮ǰ
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ĽͷǱƮƮȥ


239 
Ʈָ֣ܣ˴˺֦辣ûʲô·Ҳûʲôߡ
ֶָȴѣʩչṦҶУĽȴûȥ֦込䴩㣬֮۸ΧһϹơ
һӹ䣬ת۹ʮԽŨܣϵĿҶѵúһɣ³̦Խ񶼱֦Ҷˣղ¡
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ĽȻͣһҹΣĿմǰһɴĿҶϣҡҡͷգ
һ߶ĿҶţձ棬˵ĻѿټĹߣ
ĽҲֻƾо˵껰ΧһƬûĽҡͷʮ˾͸ҹӲС
⻰³顱һ죬Ҷը׷׿Ҷ֮ʮվڶ档
ǾվŲֻĽĬһԵѹգʮˣȴǧ֮С
ĽüȴûŶ֣ǾʲôˣΪҪ
ͷһЦ޼ɣ
Ľͷϵң
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ĽҡͷȰλİɣƾλ书
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ĽҡͷЦЦһӭϡ
顱Ƥ㵯ɳȥ顭һײڶײʮͣסѾɳȥԶ

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ۣһ³һѪĵˣҲȻ
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ǲӿȣʵʣҲˣϧ򲻹ȴʵز޷ʦͽǿȴãֻܰװ˷ѡ
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˵ͷȰƮĽȭһϣĽһʧԭأһȻƮƮһĳϢС
Ϊ󻼣ֻɱǣһʩչԱ֮½ųԼ³ǡ
䣬Щһ㣬ʤһӰһһ˸ɱһˡ
ת۹ʮֻʣ˶ʮһʱŭһȻһվһȦ尤ûп϶
Ľһ֮ʣʮôΧһȦίʵЩ죬о׶һٴʧ
飡һƵĽʮ֣¶㵣ε˰㣬ɼĵɳȥ
˳ƮƮˣڿ鵸ۡ³һѪѪ䵽ϣʱݻƣȻ࣬񾭹ʱ⡣
ĽҡͷڻȥǿǽľίʵѶԸ
ԼܳʮɣһٻǵѪմϣǿ鷳ˣ뻯ܹɣҪطϧԼ֪
վһϣŤͷȥǶʮΪԲģԲʮ֮ڣһнԻΪ촷ۣƽƽ̹̹տյ
ЦһҡҡͷʩչʩչԱ֮֮ǿǺš
ΣһӲģһµ̫ˣԼûӳĻҲҪù˵Ҳܲס⡣
룬ҡͷصפأ֮ǰ֮վڽԱ߸ͬĸɺ˵ᡣ
Ľ֮Ťͷˣ
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Ľʮ
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ĽĽ⣬ɫԽࡣ
֪ǵĵϸĽʡ
֮ҡͷ֪ʲôˣ˺ݶԣ
Ľ֪Ƿ˵ˣ
ˡ֮룬ҡҡͷ
ҴˣһʧˣĽ
꣬ɣڣȴ٣Ҳѹ֪
ףĽȻüһʧ


240 ڼ
֮һŤͷķоǱ߳⣬ߣ
һѾȥʮɣӰ»æչν׷ϣȴһֱ׷ϡ
˸ϵԭʱֻΧһȦڿ֣ȦӵǸɺĽһŮڵϼȻΪſڵϿݣҲ
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գʹ˲ôżڵˣʲôСУҲֻ˴ŵССְˣϾǶͬʦá

Ľǰɣλǰԩ޳ִûαȥԩǲǣ
Ҳ̫ЦˣʦΪɱңɺûĵݺݵĽһۡ
˱ȻᣬȴȺѩ÷Ǹʤһ绪Ҳһ˵ķ顣
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֮ɺ˵ںɺҲˣߵðɣСӣϸ˵˵ô£
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СӵƢСɺ޳üëһЦЦðҾȥһˡ
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ܸӦĴڣѾȥԶΪĽڣߣȥԶѲˡ


241 д
ѽ㡭ֻ֮ҡͷȴ˵öЩɲףö飬Ҫġ
޼ɣǡԸж̾ðɺðɣȥú˵һ˵ַˣ
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СͤʯϣȻһ͵ķ𣬰νĽƻ
ĽһУʳָĴָס⣬΢ЦǰһĿɺã
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Ľһۣ۾̵ͦıӣӣС죬˵ѵõ˶ȸɺ١
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Ľ΢ЦʵڲףǰΪҪɱǰǲʦãϵ𣿡
˭ҪɱģŮЦ
Ľֽ֪ɶҡҡͷ̾˲˵ǰҵô
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Ǳָʾԥһ£ؼɺһֱͣСǳˣǺԥˡ
ԱҲд̿ͣҲƸ̿ͣû֪뱻Ľˣ䵽档
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ɶ𳤽ζָЦԵ޹ʵİҴ򵹣ִĪΪǾŮڵĵӶǺ۸ô
ǱˣɶԷ֣ĽνݼڣҲڣǿĽ˳ۡ
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ĽǺЦǺðаɣ
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ĽڣǾȵɶһԲŮӵʦã㲻ȥôˣ
ˣɶָĽ޹ʳְ㣬˻
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ԲŮüʦãָʦֱŤˣ
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ĸŮӶһۣԲŮӿڵʦãȻɣúЪһЪٸӼƽˡ
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ԲŮ̾ʦü޹ȥˣǲˣαֵ̫
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ĽͷǾͷǰˡ
ˣؿˡԲŮЦЦ
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ҡͷ̾˿ܲӿǾŮ˼أ˵ֱ㶯֣
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ɶߣѨ䲻ˣҲ˵ˣ
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Ľ΢Цһӣ顱һ죬ӰһʧֳԵһ
ĽһγһԲ⣬˫ƻֱһͣʱӰʧֳ
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ٴʧѾ˴ǰһУصĺٿĵϣʱüæ֡
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Ůæ˽ȥס˵һνʱǱŮȴûһηġ
һҲһǲãһʱһƵһȺˣλą̃ˤ䵽ϡ
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˷ԭǰѺɢⱾǽȡһ⳷ȥȻɢ
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¶һ˿ЦĿ֮ãҲǵĴ񽣣
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Цһֵͨȥɣ벻һ۸Ǿ͵ƴ
ǣһҪƴŮش𣬶ʮ㣬˼Ŀ꣬Ƕ˸ɾ
Ǹɢ׼ˣ˴ҡͷ̾˿Цȥ
ף֮󣬴񽣶޼ɿܾûˣṦ׿ڲ֮ء
ԭһϲҲҪû뵽Ѿ˼ƣվûԸңȥ
뵽촽Ϊޣתת뵽⡣


243 
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Ϊ˽ֲž񣬼ˣԻˣཻǷʤ
ΪһУЩ޷֣ʥĴʦ磬Ƕ⣬ڻǴʦܹԼ

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Ľͷɲҹɱңԥ
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Ľģܲ˶ˣ˶˵Ŀ£֪жٵɢڸɣ
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ĽҡҡͷԺĲһˣպٸ˵ա
ҪСģֶǧ򲻿ɴˡüЩġ
ĽЦ֪İɡ

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Ľͷȷʵڼ飬ϧû֤ݣҲδţ˰գûʲôвˡ
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Уѩҡͷߵһ˵
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Ҫ˵ĵëѩߵǼһϲһÿŮ˶ϲ֪ʱǸͷ
ĽСӣεĵʦˣ
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˵ٵȷѩ˵ֱ̽ҪĻѨȴѩӦ죬ƽʱ죬һŤٿıܿˡ


244 
ˣˣж¹ѩбʲô
ĽεĵǣҲãʦЪŰɣ
ҲۣЪѩڰ֣ϴңߣǲסҵ죿
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ѩŤͷҡͷ̾ѽ˭֪Ժ˭أҲҪСĵ
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Ī빬һкܶ˶һ͵ˣѩָĽߵ
ĽҡͷѣԼǶ档
ЦЦŵͷúãģһú÷ɫǣ
ǾǡѩĵЦŵͷ
Ľæʦ㣬ǱѾɢˣ
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Ҳô֣Ǹϲֵģôȥѩߵ
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ЦЦҡҡͷû˼һж͸ˣ书ã뿪ԼԼ
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һ£ҡͷ̾㻹ԼŰɣʵûʲô飬ǳûһö
ĽӣЩ飬û˵

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ͷԭ˵פأϧˣҲ˵˹ˣ֪١
Ľܣ֣ڶ죬ɽȴů紺εεȻЩ졣
ɽȷʵŹ֣Ľˣ󷨲ãҪһֽš
˵ԴʦԣЧʦԼݷΧڵˣز磬Գһ硣
ϧɽȴǣɽЩаţûʥһϸܵӴʥ졣
аŶҡҡͷ
һϮѩװһ멣ӢˬĽһϮЩ
аŶ˿̽޷ԦΧˡŤͷ
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Ľǣʥһƴʦ󷨺ܸһƿ
ɽѾףƿ󷨲ŵִΪ㻨ʱ䣬ɽҵɽȡ
ʦɽʦûһһƿ󷨣˷󷨣ҲΨĽʦǿṻãĻֻʮ󷨴ʦųɡ
ؼɽϵһһÿһƿƿһ󣬷󷨻Զ޸С
Ľ⣬ܹģָ󷨴ʦԶһϢΪעڵϢ㣬¼ҵϢ㹻ǿˣ˲飬ܲģΨˣڴ룬ȴ֪ˡ
ôȴʦ٣ɼʦ֮·ļѣҲûָ

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ʤھǿᣬĻ۸ǿϵ˾ߵľԲһɱ
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˵£ɣûĵ

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վһֺĽǰпǧ
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߳һٶಽ֮ûĽԽСģһСߣСɽȵб¶ϣһֺɵĴǰͣסվڿտĹ㳡ϴ
ͷܿĶң
ɽҪҳΪɭɭʵʣ˸
Ľü˿תͷҲ֣ɫ粻
Ľתɫ֣صҿǻǱȥ˰ɣ
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ܸо洫Ȼƣʵʣ̤һѣ֪Ϊѹȣ޷ʩչ浽ʲô
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ҡͷЩģΪ
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Ľһʵʣһһѹӿ糱ˮˢ
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ĽЦǸˡ
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ЦЦǺðɣһΣߣҲ֪˵ĵϸˡ
Ľٴӱ;ɣ̫Σա
߰ɡͷ
תҪߣȻһǺǡЦطǺЦ˹Ц
˽߹Ц״
ĽвЦҲˣҪ߾Ǻηʥ
ȴЦͣû˵˼ЦԽԽ죬ģĽɫˡ
ߵЦǶһѪ䲻ʩչ֮ǴʦȴסߵЦΪ֮ίʵ£˶һ۽¶Ц

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ָоûйߣŭߡ
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СӰ£ҹգһģʱƵӿĽ岽Զײڷͣס
ĽѪһĹԿܣܾûоˡ
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ףСӵмֵУȻĽ
Ľﵽ۷壬һͭǣĽԶԶ磬ȴ࣬ʯͷ䱻ˣȴʧ
Ľü϶񣬾ʲôˣ
Ϸͯ棡߰ȻһЦСԲðգϷ֣ܣã
Ľкε֮
ͯһС̫ۣķͷһӦǸɫ˶Сӣ
ͯ棿Ȼʵ
ٺ٣Ȼ˶ҲͯʱüЦͷϷͯ棡
λʦ֮һλͯ棿
ϷǣͯȻͷ˶мּʶҾˣɱ㣡
һȥ㾹û
һ˵ջأûʦԪ꣬һԲ˵ʮꡣ
С˶֣ϷΪҪͯٺЦϷٻҲû⣬ң̣ٺ٣һúúõģǸ
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СӵҲмִҵ᲻ɱͯЦĵͷ˵ļһһûʣ׹
ĽΪΣкζԲĵط
ɱңǣͯһЦݣЦԹϷĺǸ
ĽüΪɱ㣿
ٺ٣ΪϷ̫ǿˣǺͯҡͷмĵһȺϰӹˣ
ĽǴʦȴҲδǿİɣ
Сӣ֪ΪôǿͯŤͷĽ¶صЦݡ
ĽͷȻ
ǿɲҪڣͯЦԽ죬Ȼ˫ǰʮʼʱ΢ţ죬˺оʱ͸о

Ľ۾һȻ˫ֽӡѸݶ׼˲ӡȻһ͵³һ֣裡
衭һ󳪱Ľȫ·ңԶʴƴԶſԽʱնƴӵصƮ翶Զڡ
ʼʱǵͳ漴ȴúͭӰʱͯо
ͯŭŭĽָСӣܾĥ
Ľһɫмֲ԰ס
ۣͯ³һѪɫҲ԰ס
Ľһǡôͯ˷ɣƷǳĽʩչɣ
ͯݺݵøݶСӣҪʩչϧСӴˣ
Ľʦʩչǵһ˰ɣ㲻֪Ϊȴ
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Ľһһʥѹ㣬Ȼ󷨣޷뿪
ͯͷСҲһӻˮ
ĽЦЦʥҲ󷨻ţѰǲǣ
̵ģ治ģͯ޺޵ĺߵС˶ܽǲʧЧˣ
Ľҡͷ󷨻Ǻúõģƽˡ


245 
ͯЦҲҲ
ĽһۣԸо
ͯһ֣Ľɼ˹ȥº챻ͯһֻСɴ۾ٺٵСӣ󷨶ȥ
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һתܿ챻ͬĿһȴȥƽʱ̴вעأʱЩڡ
½һ
üţȴû˵ưͣĽ̾侲ôһϹҪһɱвǰ
Сһﻹͯ´Ľһ㵭֣ЦǲǾóҪˣĿеڽʶҪҿˣͦģǲǣ
Ľݿ죬ԽŨ¶΢Цúܣ졣
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ͯĴҡҡͷСһȰ㻹Ϲڣζû˼ֹʱֲ򣬺οأ
ĽЦң˵ƽ⣬ԵƫӦ㻹ܲץһ󷨵Ľ
ͯɫ΢䣬ٺЦӴв㻹ûŪڵưɣСһ䣡
Ľ΢ЦҲһ䣡
ȤȤͯЦĿ䵽ϣЦеĵǺþûŮˣ˶
ĬѹƷŭɱ⣬ͯ棬ȴڸĽĶʱ׼ѡ
ĽɱһĻףɱԼԶĽΣ߾ֶҲɱ
Ľȴһ๦ɱ˺˵͵Ϯ֮кˣ֣ܵԼʹ͵ϮҲɱ˺ǲࡣ
޼ᣬΪȴַʤԼһǷΨˣԼд裬ɱһΣͻͽʤԼ

Ľͯģ£Ůвң
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Ľҡͷཻôҹܲţ׳Ҵģ
šͯתͷû˵ԵͷʱˣҪôҪͯķ
СӵеңͯһЦǰ˰ݣתĩһλ棬˼£߳ʱһƵľᡣ
ҡҡͷһûʲôһҾˣСӣɣ
ĽֽӹһƣӴӳ̧ͷȻͯ棺ǡ
˵ķСͯٺЦô⣿
Ľüͯ濴Ҳţ˾ѧ㾹ңʰ㣿
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Ľ˼תⱾŸԼǼٵģһᣬֱȫԼġ
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ͯǵЦԼֲµãҲԼ࣬ûôס
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ףͯһ漴ٺЦѽ㵹мСðɺðɣȻʶƣٸһƿ裡СٲӦĪҲˣ
˵Ŵӻͳһöƿһף͡һХƿĽϣԲƿʵ޻ûʲôͼ⣬һ֪Ƿ
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Ľƿ뻳ĵͷãҴӦˣ
⻹࣬С֪Ȥͯͷ

Ҫæ粽ߡĽ
ͯڰ֣İСӣֻҪȥͯǷһ飬һϣ
Ľ¶ЦݣǾͺãȽҵѨ
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Ľ֪ˣʲôֶΣҪòͯ棬֮٣ֻԼ벻

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˵ţĽͨ󷨣˭֪᲻һգ۱룬͵ùˣԽŲ
ĽУһйΪƫƫҪõʥһܳȥᵢ飬ȳȥΪڴһᱨǲǣ
ţͷʲô
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⣬˵̳һвٵĻܾΪУǹĪ빬ʡٵ£Ǹʳˡ
Ľһۣ˼΢Цͷʱһ䲻֪Ľʲôɱͯ棬ʮӣӦû
ĽʮȻͣסüۣͷӦ󷨵Ϣ
ţࡣͯں˵
ĽʼתȦ߼߼ȻߣһֱȦ絶ỮγһƴС壬׵˵ϡ
ͯľٶߵСӣڸʲô
ĽŤͷһۣһǰۣ㶮Ҷ󷨵˵ףң
С밤ᣡֱ̧ͯҪ
Ľߵһģ֪ʱ󣡡
ͯջߵҲգϽģن

Ľ˼У׳ʮ壬γһԲΣȻһһЩ壬ӻóһϸСϺУ򿪺óһ֧ӵıʣд
һУһƮϣƬ̣дϼ֣ȥüҡҡͷЩֶϣһҲʶ
ͯҲˣ֪ĽдʲôҲᣬֻվԶţ߱ǡ
Ľʼʱһ壬һ±дܿдã˺ԽĻӳдҲǧء
ͯ涼󷨣Ҳ֪ΪΣĽͷڣ乣֪ķѾ޴ľ
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ǰһֱҴʱŪһ壬æƴģ
ĽһЦίʵ̫ǿᣬûƿ
СӣƲͯʱе
Ľһ԰գɵĻԱķӣ
СӣƲĻұ㣡ͯȵ
ĽüĲͬҪϸܵܣ˵Ҳ֮Ҫһһεԣûһѱɵģ
ðɣԼϣͯһأ
ĽԿɣԶһ
ΪҪԶһͯüûĵҪԿ
ĽһƲĻܻзɣ㵽ʱֽп࣬Թң
СӲˣʲôаɣͯ涢
ĽĵﶢţˣʲôУ
ɣһҪ㣡ͯҡͷվߣߵˣУܣҲܿҵ֣
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ĽЦɣ˺󡣡
æƮˣĽҡͷ˼ĽĵͷŤͷͯģҪʼˣң
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Ľ˫ּһö壬΢Ƭ̺彥ԽԽʼʱ·Ȫʣ˺˸ٺǹâˣһյ
ĽϺһʧ
ͯһ漴ȻŭСӣ
Ľߣ΢Цųеͯ棬һЦǡ
Ľһҡͷǧסˣ
ģ˲׹ǵЦݽ󣺡ڱסˣ
ĽЦӦܲˣ
㻹ǡЦǸɽţ
ĽҲϵ


246 ջ
ˣָŲԶͯ棬ͯʩչ磬ŭ˻𣬿ϧ
Ľ֪ǿ󷨣ϧѾʧֻԼƲܵز
ɱŨ󷨰Ц
Ľͷ֮ǽңթһӣԽԽǿеܡ
ƾɱʡ
ĽǴʦ޿κΣǴʦǾʮˡ
û뵽֮̾˿
ĽЦ󷨵ҪʱȴʦһЩһʱһ󷨵ֵʦǴꡣ
ҲҪѧѧˡ
ĽЦð֮󣬴ʦùݵ¿ɲס
ҰѧˣЦ
ҡĽҡͷЦѧûң̱ܽˣ
һۣûĵǫɣǲǱ䣬봫ң
ĽЦȻѾҴӦˣһ书ͬҪġ
ЦҲѧᡣ
Ľҡҡͷؼ츳ʦ˵ռţһ죬ܲҪ츳
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ͯϴȴڷԲһɴޱȣĺȤҪѧˡ
ĽЦҪú÷һʲôö˲̫ɣ
տȻε棬һ
Ľҡҡͷƽ־ǣؼķĵûʲô
ǮƲأѾֱأǮû꣬ڶǮҲأǶܳȻ⡣
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ʲô⣿
Ľ룬ʲô˵壬Ҿ⡣
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Ѱұؾḻ˫ָоܹо˵Ϣ

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ĽͷƮڶ䵽һʯϣʮʯббͨ棬ҹͷܿʯһƽأλøߣԶһķߣ߰վ涨С
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æµһһǾǿᣬһҹҲûƣ˸߲ңӡ


247 
ڶ峿ʱ֣˷ܵߵһ𣬿˿˴ŵţĽپϵļӣЦʮʦѧ
ʮסЦ
Ľһʮף˻˲ã
ͷ˿ǿʢһʱ˸ǣǳûŪһţСɱˡ
ĽЦ̫أԺܿȥͯİɡ
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ǣæͷǸϽɱˣ

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Ľҡͷȼסѧɡ
áͷƮ˴ܿŶʮţŵĽߣ̨Ϸһ߿ͯһȭһȭĴ·û뷨ֻһȭһȭȭȭӿ޾
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飡ͯ䵽ϣðѪ
Ľ壬һĨ⣬漴һͯ˲ֱͦͦĿλã˫䡣
Ľһһʧ
ʣ÷ɵˣ
Ľͷ¶Цݣܷˡ
ͯղ䣬Ȼװһ泷ᷴˣϧĽ֪ǳ֪ܹը
飡Цһ½סͯըĽɶ䵽⣬ۡ³һѪŻԹȥ


248 
æסüһԶҡҡͷԭͯѾ
ɻѣͯ浽ȥˣտȻΪκȻˣȥƬ̺ҡҡͷ罭ӹԼȥûãݣҲȴֵĻԹȥ
ĻԱͯʧйأкιϵȴŪ壬ΨºˣҡҡͷоĽߣԼɵϣʶ㣬ǻ۲
һۻеĽ̾˿ܲŮģֲʦ˾ᡣ
룬ĽŽŵϣϸһɫ΢䣬Ľ޷Զ
üһȻĽһ⣬ĽϵĲʧ
룬Ҳ֪жãûúãʵʴӣĽüġ
ܸܵĽľ֮˷籩ҶŰҽӽһӽᱻɡ
񲻸̽ȥȴԼһ˿Ϣܹ϶ǲΪ
ĽһӣŵϣĽʱƽһ˯ˡ
һٴüģϸϸһľƽ
ŷڵ棬Ľģ̫Ҫѹġ
ʱ仺ţΧûһȻ죬̧ͷһƣĽȻö˫ֽһӡƺоġ
ȻҴţĵӻǷŵģ૵һоԼľҡΣԼľ磬磬ž֮ҡ
ǰһжòʵƻãɻԼǲ֡
ŤͷĽĽ촽ţоٶԽԽ죬ԽԽ죬˺о쳹أ֮Ψо
·ƤԽԽ󣬵˺ȻΡΡ֮ƣʮɣɵҪĤݡ
˦˦ͷŬ򶨾ٿʱĽָԭ״ղŵһжǻþоͣУֱԺֻܿ㱣ǰĽٴαߣΡΡʡ
ҧһ飬ǰĽָֻ糣һԺԼһӰ˸ϸȥԼӰӡ
֣ӰΪڰ֣Ťѣ˴һ㣬һ˭򶷣ףˮʤգһȶĽӰԽ
ȻӰһٳУӰһΣ͵СΪһĿ׹俪
ۣʱĽԺһ覣ڰܿͣӳׯʥ˲ֱӡ

⡭ʧС
ǰһĻίʵͷһ£Ѳϵ׹䣬ţίʵ̫˼ˡ
ŵĿУĽԴʧһǰֻþһɨ⣬ָ
üĽιĽûֲ֮Ķֻѹº棬ͷſţݶһԶԶﲻ
ʱŵúܿ죬ţоһգ۶ѣŤͷһƣӭĽ۾
¶Цݣţˣ
ĽƽͣһΧɿӡ΢ЦЩŹɶסˣ
ЦţסˣඣԲࡣ
ĽԴʦԣúܣٻ겻⡣
ôҲûʲô˼ҡҡͷ
ĽЦͦ˼
Цɻ̫ãҲˣô£
ĽЦݣҡͷ̾úܣ
ôˣ˷ܵʡ
Ľͯ治˰ɣ
ü˵أȷʵˣǲƿˣ鷳ˣ
ĽҡͷûߣǷһʩչ׼ȼǿԪ񡣡
Ȼû뵽ͯ˺ݾֱʩչ׼Ǳ֮
û뵽ɣĽҡͷЦ׼ȷʵаţʩչ֮󣬾ǿᣬֱԺҪҵԪ񣡡
̴Ŵ
ĽҡͷǿᣬԪȹ̣ϧҴˣ

̴ڣʣͯĻôãʩչһǿģܶԸˣ
ĽЦйһԪľĵãԪҲǿϧԪ֮սͬһ㣬ԿûҲлᡣ
ȫˣʡ
ĽͷЦѾˣɢ
ʵ飬˵ԼͯԪҪڶ⴫
ҡͷ̾һʦ䵽زȷʵǡҪǺúǾͰ
ĽЦʹΪʦҲΪ޵УСκˣ
ҿԺһ£ô£ʡ
ĽǾ߻Ϊķ
Ƿͨʡ
ĽͷЦǰɡ
Ż졣̾տȻģȥĻûܿܵˣ
ĽҲʲôԶš
طкãʡ
ĽҡҡͷҲɣû֪պ
ǰûɹģǲǣЦʡ
Ľ֮ͨԴɳʵףĽЦɰɣˡ
Ϊβ֪ãߵ
Ľҡͷֻû˵÷
ģǲǣʡ
ĽͷЦǰɡ
СӵʵĽҡͷ
ĽЦҲЩţЩ
մĹ⡣
ĽǺЦ˭մ˭Ĺδء
ˣŪڣûô£ЩʹļһӺζΪζԸ
Ľǵ˺ûĶԹ˺ŪģҲͿ
鷳ҡͷ棬˿ڣյģͯʧ٣Ҳʧ

һˣҲɿ߰ɣ
Ľҡͷ󷨻ûƿ
Ҫƿ󷨣
ĽЦѵﵽʲô
ѵʲô
ĽҲͯΪʥԷҪٵɣ
еءͷǾƿɣƿ
ĽЦһ԰ɡ
ӻͳ壬˫ּס˹壬漴УƬ̺ʮöȻĽתĽǰߣʮöƶһֱתݡ
ҿܸܵӿȵһᱻɻ߷ֻܸԶԶġ
ͣһХȻæɴǰζ˼£漴Զ龰仯һǰ
ѷһС˼֣ʽһ޶һС
ĽȻͣŤͷɡ
һ䣬ʮöڿͣһĸţһĽߣЩľĿΧ
ǰǲ͵ֵɽде֣ȫͬһ硣
ܿ棿ʡ
Ľǲ֮ˣзӿң̤ҵĽŲҪ߳
֪æͷ
Ľಽ߳ʮ󣬵á顱һ죬Χڻζ͵ֺòʵˣˮеӰӣʱһ㡣
ǡʡ
Ľ˫ư壬һһյǡ
ĽЦõȡɷӣƿ󷨡
ʵڴʦı£ʦܲ󷨣ΪԳһ磬Լˣ޷ӰȻʧЧ
ǽɽ֮󣬱˴ʦ޷ţ޷ƿ磬Ҳ޿κΡ
Ľ󷨵ˣ䱣ƿһ磬Ȳôʦ磬ƿҲá

Ľһ֮
æ̽̽ģѸʧָٶȲʧһ޴ԽԽ죬ԽԽǿ
һ֮£ֻܴӻͳһƿֱˣѼŵҩͶ
顭ÿһΧľɫһζһεԽңʱɢ
Ľɫ԰ף̾û뵽󷨵֮ǿ
Ϊˣʡ
Ľҡͷûʤڷһһҽʱöǿ
ǾƵõ
Ľͷֻȥٶȸ죬̾Ҽֲ˶ˣѲҪط̼Ǳ
Ľüӿ˽Ų飡һ죬ֻһɺӿɳȥ
ĽҲɳȥ顱˶ײڷϣǰһȴǽһ
ĽҲЦǽˣ
ŤͷܣĲҲһ޶λȴһ̴СԼһߣоŲ㣬ÿ϶ŷ񣬵̵羫£
̴ܸܵǿԴھѹ̧ͷҪ°ݵ
ĽҲ̴ͷϲ

ĽͷϢӦ
Ѳŷģ
ĽҡͷʥǸɮλɮǰΪ£ܹѹͯ档
֪λɮ

˻ǿѹ£򵥵ĶȴǳɫǺ죬ǰ͸ֻ֧
Ľ˫ֺʮȴûǰľһɹ󴼺͵ӿ壬ɽѹʧ
ҲȻ̴״˺̫ϣɫĽ˴
Ľȴһоģֻܸо彥ɣҪ˯ȥ
֪һ㱣ʱоһ˲ֺ˺ܾãŤͷƣĽо̴ȴָԭ
ĽͣоעĿ̴ϡ
˰ΣĽûߴٵտȻ
Ľ̾Ϣͷǰ̽룬أ쿪֣Ĵһö۴СԲ飬Ө͸ꡣ

Ľͷݹȥ
Ư̾һСĽӹֻĸоֱ͸ģĵס
ѹǣ
ĽǴ¸ɮһ֮ᾧ
ЦտȻҲ𣿡
ĽЦ޵Ƿķ
һޱͨȷʵһ㡣
ĽЦЦĽˣҲ
ѽЦҪͷڹĸʦҰ
޷ĽǺЦ


249 
бת޷𷨣
Ľͨ󣬱һȤ
ߵҪѹƴʦαԼտȻҪȻ͸Ұգ
ĽһЦҵ
ѽ㽫͸ҰɡͷЦʱҿҲˣûӺǣҪ
ĽЦɣ
ҡҡͷڲҪҪҲ׸󷨵ģһҪƤأ
ĽƬ̵ô˵׼գˣһһʥĪ빬ѹƴʦ
ҲáЦҾͲ
ĽЦҲұˣ
˰ɣ̴һšⱦģġ
ĽҲã󷨣˴˵֮֮άת
ԭˡ̴֮ԣһýҡ
ĽЦðȥ㴫Ҫ˵ãȷʵҪ츳ϵ󡣡
Ҳû츳
¼Ĵʦָó츳֮ߣԵУƾʻѧ󷨣
ĽЦҡҡͷʦʦͬʦȷʵҪ츳ѧ츳ͬ
̴˲˴ʱ֣һһСź졣
ȻȥҺȡɡ
Ľûͣһֱ󷨣һ߲һ뿪˵ɽȣΧççȺɽ
˵ջ񼫷ᣬϧûЦ׼ô飿
Ľҡͷֻܵٳˡ
ֲסüҵ¹ֱʣϧ̫ϣ˲ʲô
Ľ˿죬ٿɡ
ҡͷ⵹Ǹ鷳ѵ֡
ĽЦĻܸһ˷Ѵɱģлҳġ
ǵҲǡͷ߰ɣȥ

̴ڹУĽ󷨣ѽǿϻС
һϻУ˶ʱָ˴ʦı£·ٶ죬һʱ䣬ѾĪ빬
һɽɽһһɽͨһæĪ빬Դһ£뿪ھɵΣм档
ȷʵѹĽ̾һ䣬ƮƮУһ˵
˵ѹв۵빥ΪŮˣΪܹ
ĽЦСŮҪԿģǶЩҲ߯ˣѹ췴
Щˣ첻ϷߣǼͷƲƲ졣
Ʈ˶棬ŮȻ֣ӭ
ţĶ𣿡
һŮش𣺡ˡ
üɨһĽĽЦҪȻȥʮ֮ɽǰϣ
ЦҪߣΪѽ
ĽЦǹҿɺˮ޵ģ
ڰЦס°ɣСĵҪȻҸƴ
Ľεĵͷߣܿһɽȡ
һߵǺţȽĴʱߣɽȣɽǴ
ɽů紺µĵǶæԼأѾ˵Ī빬Ը㣬ÿأʲô⣬ճһԼ˽
ĽҡҡͷЩεεСҪԼĵأίʵǱַҲͷֹϵùֶöĽ
ڵӷ׷׵ͷʩ񣬸ɸģƺȴúܡ
ȻͣסֽеĶ
ɽһϵɳһŮƮƮɣգ۵˽ǰʦ
ϻմ࣬һһСƻ

Ľһۣ쵰Өˮˮ͸һɸϢμȻ
Ľ󷽣ʦλǡ
տȻǸУλ˳ɣ
ţûʲôۣʦȥʲôˣŮЦ
ο˴ˣߣȥ˵
ĽЦҽһ£
һۣҵҵġ
Ľʮ΢Цˡ
ʦˡĺʮЦһνıտȻʦɣм
Ľ΢ЦС£ҳݡ
ȥ˵ա
ߣɽһһ飬ﶼһŮ֣æµǳ
Ƕ죬ů紺
˽˴£ĽķֱţĽĿбӡ
ʦʲôջôЦʡ
Цȥ˵ϳն񣡡
ˣǰǰȻʧĴɣʡ
ЦŵͷǸ˿ǿʢһʱ棬Ȼһʧȥ̽̽еüĿˡ
أĿüɫģ֪Ϸںͷ
Ǻǣǻҵ˵ż⣬ʦŶʮףһЩЦúϲ£졣
¶Цݣʮʦţ
㲻ջ񣿡ĵ
ͷڲʦţһµ˶ʮףʮˣ
æĶ
ĿĽЦտȻʦ˰ɣ
һˣҲʲô˵
Цǣʦ
Ľҡҡͷ⻰̫ˣ
ˣĪ빬Ůˣñӣߵ
Ľ̾ǣ׵ġ
ڰֵĶżһȥǱߣŪһ룬һ룬Ȼɵӹȥ¼
ЦһĽͷǣʦ

齲úϸȿʼôȻʲô£ô⣬վʲôĲۣȡôʤ
úϸ侳ĽźػصʱΣĿģĵľ顣
գȷʵͬһ𣬳һ̾Ǻա
ҪտȻҿɽȥͷҪѧ󷨡
ʦѧɡĵ
ڰ֣ѧˣٽ㲻٣˵ڲ˷ģרע˵ϰޱȣ̫ǣ澫ˡ
ĽҡͷʧЦԼĽӴأǷɭϣһ϶ֺֺЦԼô
ҡͷ̾Ȼѧڱ㿪ʼɣīдһ򵥵ܼܲǵס
ãĶȥæ
ЦŴӦ˶ߵһֱƵĽǰ汸бīֽ⡣
ĥ⣬ܿŪãĽߣܿдüţһһݸġ
һһסȻ󴵸ɣһߴһ߿һҲϵãϡŹ֣Ʈ
дʮţĽ±ʣ˸֡
İʮؼ㽻Ľһ˳ȻȼסЩɡ
û⡣ˬĴӦҪã
Ľһɡ
ôãʮֽˣڰ֣ĽӹֽȻתݸ
ͷ˷üͷһʶ

ĽЦǵһһס츳ˣǲסĻ
ĶտȻס£ƫţֵ
ĽˣȻȥٹ
뵽ĽĴŲ䲻֪ƣȴ֪ǳͷǺã
ĽЦһ£ʮһʧ
Ŀһʧ˴Ƭ̺ʦרעĶЩơ
ʦλտȻʦڵģĵ
ͷţڵġ
ôǺУĺĵڵĽһûһǺѽ
ѽǼ٣˵壡̧ͷ
ô˵ģЦʦ˵壿
ԭǺУΪٰĺУ˵Ǻаɣ𷨾ͨ󣬽Щɮ˵ǺаɣǸĴܲŮ˾壡
뼸Ů˾壿Ц
ôƲб
ҡͷЦûʲôѽôĵĻЩŮֱն˿ǣ
ҡͷ̾˿Сòˣɼܲס´󣡡ѾǴʦǹһˣƾһܶŮ˾ܲס
ԭǴʦˣֲءĻȻ
ټ񣬶Ůºһ˲ͬŮ˸мܲסŮأ޷Ҳпԭ
ܵʦ佱տȻʦ˲ãЦ
Ķ˵ЩǸ㾯ģҪСģ
ʦСʲôѽĪЦ
ҪСߵǣ̫ݽȥ
ʦҲ߯СҡͷЦİɣҶûʲôоģ
ǾͺãͷݽȥӣСӶŮ̫ᣬκһģÿˣ
ţѶϣӺоĵͷ
ǾǣΪֵͬͷϵֽ

ͣһ̲סʣʦʩչʲôṦһ㲻ˣ
Ӧһͨ书ˡ
ʦ׷𣿡ʡ
ЩĲɣüͷֵͷϵֽ
ʦĽ
̧ͷšŶ׷û׷ϡ
ѽĵͷʦʲô
аŶˣüôǲס
ߣһҳֽ˼ۺ£۾ʱҲü
ôǲаŶ
ͦаŶסˣһ۾ˣĻͷ
ߵֲСǰƶҲˣҪסඣҲԿ
ĵͷҲ˺ʤġ
ŮһҳֽǱ˼Ĭǣ֪ʱš
ȣˣĽʵȻŮ̧ͷ
տȻʲô£ʡ
ĽҡͷЦǵڶ
̧ͷ棬Ӵ⿴ȥ֪糿Ȼô͵ڶˣ
룬ҡͷ̾˿
ĽЦɼסˣ
ûסҡͷߵû뵽ⶫ˹֣
ĽЦеĵͷû츳߶ԣ죬츳ȴ̫ѡ
һû츳ҡͷ
ĽЦǹס˼ҳ
һҳҲûס޺޺һؼ׸Ľɣ
ĽֽӹЦҲԹɣΣ
ҡҡͷҲɣֻסһҳ
ףĽȻסһҳ
šĵƴֻܼסһҳôҲǲסˡ
ʱ˫۷Ź⣺տȻĶǲ츳
Ľͷ츳ѣ
ЦúãĪ빬ûˣ
ĽҪ󷨣ҿǻһɡ


250 Ԫ
ΪҪһʣ漴ЦŶտȻΪ˱ӣ
ĽЦ书;ʱڣ̫ľ񣬺ܻܿᵢ书ǱСʧˣĪ빬书Ϊǲǣ
Ҳеͷ
ĽЦٹ꣬书ͣͣת󷨣ɽ֮ʯԹ˵ջ񡣡
ЦŤͷģĶأ
ʦġЦ
룬ҡͷˣտȻİգҲѧ󷨣һѧ١
ĽһЦӢ
Ӣǣ֣ЦŴĽʲôף
ЦѽտȻԩ㣡
ĽҡͷЦȡЦʦǹȻһȥ˵ɽȣΣ
ٺòͷ⼸Ҫʲô
ĽЦҪһιأܵͦأҪҪúõܴˡ
ţǵҲǣ˲ȱġЦҪչأһ
ĽҡͷЦͷݣһڼɡ
ʣҪչضã
ĽҡͷÿҺʱˣ˵׼һأұһˡ
Ұæ¸ҿġ
ĽЦҲأѲεˣʵڲҹȸˣ
ðɡͷ
Ľ΢Цһ£ʧ
ĵʦ治ѧôѵã
Цеĵ󷨣
ǣ˵󷨲󡣡ĵͷ
̾ûôף
ĵᣬ޳ǰزҲܡ
ۣҡͷЦЦѽǿʤ˼ôݣ볬ɲף
ʦ˭˵ŮӲ˵ģܰ쵽Ҳԣĵ
Цڳ˴ʦҲܣ
ͷܣ
ҡͷЦѽᣬһ˳˳ˮģ֪¼ѣʦô״ﵽҲ¼ȼˣ˵ΪʦҲɷ֣ʹֲѷ磬ͽκΣ
Ŭֲǣĵ
ʧЦѾͷۣЩ²Ŭֲܹģܼע
ʦһģҡͷ
ЦЦѾͷʱˣͲ̤ʦˣ
⡭ĳҡͷЦΪȻ
ˣҲΣΪļᶨԳɾȻҲΪļᶨԲΪѸı䣬谭ʦ֮·
±ȫΪʦԴ˿õȻʦȻҪƴŬУؼĻ⣬ΣΪ

ĽȻظɽЩһֱûظɽ
ʱ䳯ȭᣬˮ̫ȭƣȴӾϸ΢棬һϮɴסζ֣ԼԼ˶ˡ
ɴסӣ¶üëתԣˮüԶ졣
ĽЦ乬
䳯ףͣ鵭Ĳ˵ûΪû֪벻Įġ
ĽҡͷĮӣܾûζˡ
䳯ƵĶ˺һͣ¶ĽЦȭ֪Ǻȭ
ȭ䳯ɨһۣѧ
ĽҡͷЦһ⼸乬ɺã
һɡ䳯ƶߣɴƮƮĽ˽˴ĽҲֱ¡
䳯ƻͷɨһۣü㻹𣿡
ĽЦûʲô첻
͹ģûʲôµĻæİɡ䳯Ƶ
ĽεЦҲãǾͲ乬ˣչһӣһӲܹˡ
䳯ƽüͷչأ
ĽͷǣܵСˣҪúõһ
䳯´һˣ
ĽЦ乬ܿ
䳯ҡҡͷ
Ľˣ񣬺鷳ֻܱչһӣ֪ܲκá
ô䳯Ƴ޸֮ԦӦаɣ
ĽЦţȷʵ޸˷Ҫ
䳯Ƶͺúñչذɡ
Ľȭһʧ䳯ƿʧķҡҡͷ

Ľϣ΢ӣԭɽһУͯһ
ԪݳȴҲˣ鴫壬ԪҲЧ
ϧõȱȫԼ䣬ȴע壬û̫ע
ָھȴûָ޸֮·ԶúܣʹˣԪҲ˺
ĽߵľභþʵʣͯԪȴһЩȻǿᣬ̶ԶĽ
ŪˣͯԪõǿͯ档
ͯļУͯһּ䣬бвⲹɾ֮
ĽʩչһΣͯԪΪͯ»һأ̳һС
ļĽ֪ľ֪Ϊᱻȣ䵽ҵ³
һжǲ֮ͨͣɱ˵ľ׳ԼԵɺϵõķǴʦΨһһֱꡣ֪˵Ԫ
һʱԪӲǱãռʶ볣졣
˵Ĵʦ˶֣ȴ֣֮ͯͯɱ֮ԪԽǿ󣬵ʱͯԭͯѾͬԪ
ʦֱƲʩչɱﵣóѹסͯ棬Ȼס
ϧֱҲľѪ˵ĵǴ󲿷˳ȥɽȣͽκΡ
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Ľ̾һԼȷʵ˱أزɽЩͯԪһλʦ飬ԼգܹܽʦĹء
ⲹȷʵ̫ǿɣֻһǲɻŵˣֻܴԪɡ
ʹҲ£Ľ̾˿ԼҪȡѵñ֪ͯһ֡


251 ô
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ҡͷ֪һЭԼƲġ


252 
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Ľ渵ǰһܳ棬ò
ҡͷֻǸŽʦӦء
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ҲţҷҪִƺң촽һ
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ðԴǸңæ
֪ԴĸĴڣһλʱտʼʱӽȻͬΪͻͽ֮զ࣬񶼳ʦ
ǿڶ࣬ȴûԳΪһĴڣü
Ľļͣķ治ػɣǶܻ飬ǰµĺѡ
Ľ룬ЦǣԸҲǿ
İɣǻæġЦ
ĽɰĥùǺδԸæġ
㲻˽ǵ˼ûʲô£ǿܳɣʰǣǷԸæЦ
ĽŶһЦѵǲǳ𣿡
ղˣڱϣܵĥʲôǳģ˭϶һһʴˣֻǵĽ˱ȡ˵ǲңЦ
Ľҡҡͷ뷨е֣ðɣʿԸĻԻȥ
ʡ˸߲ҡ

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֮̾˿Ľ򣺡޼ɣͬΪˣ˼ȷʵ˶Ҫȡģ˳Լ⣬ˮǧֻȡһư֮١

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ĽҡҡͷʵûаգʦĸҪŮһ޸Լϲޡ
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Ľüͷһ
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ƴǣ֮ڴͷٲ֣˵򣬽ŲһϮµĸɺƮȻ
ǰĽȭ̧ͷ֮ʿһһˣǷ绪ɸʤ·¶ĵ
Ľ̾һⶼĹͣ˹úܺʹڴڣԼʦ棬üԣԴ⡣
ô޳ԽϧĽܸܵõ볣˵鰮һͬġ
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ĽЦǸýзˣϲˡ
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˺죬ȴ޷˵ɺ⻰ݣȴʵ޺޵һĽͽ˻ġ
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ҪɺһɣɷݣҲˣǲҲĽ㣬Ҳӵұ
˵֮æֵȻôһ˵޼û׼һʱѾϸһɡ
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ĽЦҡͷûдӦ
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Ľ̾ˣˡҲܴӦ
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ð˶һûһöɺŤߣһ硣
֮Ŀ뿪̾˿ûһĽ


253 
Ľ̾ǰͨģ
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绪ĸҲҲһֱìУֻҪţˮɵһ졣
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Ľһͷһ
֮ҡͷΪ۸һһеķ񽣣ֲ˺ã
˺æͷǾǣ޼ɱ

ĽЦԣȴԽ棬ΪֻǱ˸оΨдʦС
֮˺ѸоĽ󺣣ƵѲ⣬޷Ū嵽жǿĽǿ֮ǵĸоˣѲ
ĽһзԾʽĽԾԾԣʶһĴ񽣡
֮ģü޼ɣɲ׼ȥ鷳Ů̫Ѳ˵ĥأǰˣʹԵòƣòʩչɱﵣʹɱ㣬Ҳ̫ĵѡ
ĽЦһֱûɱңΪǻһλʦĻͶˡ
֮ͷ⻰
˺üеɱʦ
֮ͷŮ˷˭˵׼
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֮ҡͷЦɱ޼ɣǲɣӦûʲôգ̽һ޼ɣ֪̽ǳûС
ĽüЦЦȤأһҪݷһˣ
֮ü޼ɣаǵĴ񽣣
Ľ񽣵Ŀ֮Ǻ壬ֻҪ֪ǵʵһˣơ
֮ҡҡͷôƣҲдˣûõģŮڵĵֻҪһƿնԶҲһһΧܳơ
ĽüͷЦ
նɱʦĽһ㣿֮̾˿
ĽնɱĴʦһɵģ
Ѿ˵ɣš֮
šĽ룬ҡͷû˵ɡ
֮֮󣬴ﶼԺ֪
ĽΪ𣿡
֮̾˿ɵķ̫뾭ѵ
ĽЦһ˵ǣαڣ
֮һ۹˺ѣЦǵķ˫޷
ĽЦһ£˺Ѻߵ
ĽЦʦƫ˫޷ж֮ľҪߣҪܼɫֱģжصķɣ
֮ͷ̾ţǰŵķǼģϹŴĵͳճɾһλʦλʦҪŮڵĵΪ¯ŭһľŮһŭ֮£ʩչ񽣣նɱλʦ
ĽλǸɱˣŮڶŮӣķأȷʵǼõĶ¯Դ˵Ůھһ⣬ܲ£һ֮նɱ˴ʦֱȥ˴ţ
֮ҡҡͷǵǣǴ֪ʦ֮¹ɽھŮɽҲ

ĽƬ̣ͷẈ̂ΪŮɱ˴ʦһҲʦûôɱ侮ʯû뵽ݾ
ˡ֮ͷ̾ɼ񽣵ˣնɱһλʦܽʩչն֮УҲһ󶥼ɣѷһѣȴ䵽³
Ľü룬Ȼűˣǵĵͳ䵽˾Ůǲǣ
֮ҡͷ˶ƣǲû֪ˣֻоŮڵ֪ˡ
ĽЦҲ֪
֪֮Ц
ĽǺЦʷѽǾŮڵӣӦ֪ġ
֮ҡͷʧЦ˵Ҳ¶ҪҲǲ
Ľ˵ھŮϣķԾŮڵӲԷ˵Ѿٵˡ
ţпܡ֮ͷͳ̫ݣҲá
ĽЦ˫޹򲢷ôаģǺϺģֻôðˣֻϧλʦ
˺üĽƣĽԡ
˺Ѻߵ޼ɣ˫ķǲ
ĽæЦʦ˵ﻰ
˺ѻɵĵߵ⻰˫ķ˵գûϵģ㶼Ǵʦ
Ľæҡͷʦˣ˽˫ķûʦİɣ
û˺ѽ۾
ĽͷȻ
°̾ûԭȴ뵽ʡһûȥˣһֱͨľͨӦûȥסһˡ

ⴺŵַĽʡ
֮Цôһ뿴ûж£
ĽͷЦ˵оϲء
˺ûĵ㻹õ˫ķ
ĽЦʦǰǿᣬղҲ٣ˣôţǱɵ书ûб书
˺ɫһɣͷ⵹Ҳǡ
֮ȻģȥҸ㣬ղ˴ŵϢרŵľᡣ
ת˴ԱһţһһƵľᣬݸĽЦ㿴ɣˡ
ĽСĽӹأˣС֣мͼе˵Фʩչĳеǵͼ
Ľϸһ飬Цʦоַء
֮Цҿ̫ϣôȥҵĻ类˷ˣΪɽ֣ٹأ֪ǵѣſɲͬ
ĽЦİɣֻɢɢġ
ðɣ㣬жȥˣ֮Ц
Ľʮɣʦæˡ
ţѩߣԵãҵ˵ġ֮ͷҾͲˣֻȽˡ
ĽЦİɣһ׵ģ
ǾͺãĽãӦòʲô⡣֮Ц޼ɣλɲһܼŵģصúܣҲĸܼһ档
ĽǺЦ⻰ɱ𱻷
֮ɫ΢䣬æһ۴ſڣߵ˵ʲô˼Ϊһ
Ľεͱһˣ
֮ߵҿҲˣɴ쵶ն飬ȡᣬĻҪŪüɵ򣡡
Ľһ;ͷۣæĸ뿪ˡ
žᣬƬ̣һ뿪ڣһ·Уžǵķȥ
ǵĵͼʵҲһɽһ޴ǳĴɽһԶס
޹ǡĻ̌ͷ޴ĳǳأ֮괫˿ѷ쾩ǡ


254 ׷
ޱߣԣ˾޴ĳǳأĽǰȻû˵Ҳû
λڴ붫ߵľ޹ǣ˵˹ųǣЩǽĹӣ̦ɫ쵣֪˵˾Ųʮ
ĽǣǺúùһȦľӵúܣɵƽϣС
ĽҡҡͷһˮһˣЩ쾩ǵ⣬Ѫ޹顣
㴿ӵĽϲ޲һլӣúסһӣȻϢ
뿴ĻǴţ̽һ̽ûд£һ˫޹
˫ķ֮󣬻ͷϸһĳЩȱݣ㶥ķʦķ
ҵһָ˫ķһܰԭŮѸٵΪǿ
ԼҲܷģúõ£һֱǣҶǣһžȲĸϹ
Žųǣ˶ţȻɽȺɽççһƬγһǵ˾޹Χϵ
ЩɽվΡǷѶɣָ뷭ɲף˵˷
ڳתһȦѾ˼ѣľǱ˴Ϥ˵ûƣֱֱȥ˵ʲô˵ʲôĽ׵̽Ϣ
þῴѾȫӡԺܿͼҵһɽΡ룬ɽ嵽ϣɽۡ
ɽһļԾߣɽǴ죬ԽԽ䣬˶죬ʱǶ죬ɽȴǴ죬ЩŹ֡
˵Ϊɽ죬˺䣬һļů紺Ǻڡ
ĽɽߣԽԽůţĽüͷһ˵ⴺ˼ָů紺أûб˼
Ǵֻԩ˱ˣΪ˼˼֮ء
ҡͷЦϵ±ͶԴѷ֡

ɽ£Ļ̌ͷûɽ·Ĵ飬֦ε粽С
ĽƮ̤ߣܿɽȻһգһԶһգһɽ
ů紺ĸоɽ֮ԽԽůһֱߣһԲߡ
ԲֱԼʮɣ⻬羵Ʈ˿˿Ƶһɴ
Ľǰߣ̲ݣ̽̽ˮֻůȷʵȪ
̾һ䣬ΧɽȵɽλԱߺѷ֣еͼָʹɽȱߣҲע⴦Ҳ
Ľֵҡͷɽһʥأֲô˼ۺ棬Ťͷߣչһ䣬ǰһڣֱֱµĲͷ
һһɽĽɨһۣԼһиеͣдС
Ľһϸһ죬ȻüͷһһʯߣҡϣһƮ˶ˣŰλãһɽǰ
էһ֣ɽȻӿһ磬ءһ죬ĽƮƮһʱ顱һ죬ƮˣһɽǰȻһ壬һ˳
Ľڿȴƽһߣܿ˴ߵͻϮߺܹŹ֣ڿоȻУ͵һŤٴĽ
Ľüû뵽ôѲָһһ죬һֱֱ׹ȥ
Ӳôߵĵطˤȥȴˤɳ࣬ԻĽһʯٴγַǰʯ
ءʯٴδһХĽһģ顱һ죬Ľڿз˸ͷ
ȻüȻû嵽ʲô͵ϮԼǿᣬȻǵʵŹ֡
һ̤ʯڣٴһԾ𣬳ʯȥܸоʯŹŹ֣
ءһХӿǿᣬĽһٴη˳ȥʱһʯɳһɫޱȣ˲䵽Ľǰ
ĽæһҴұܹɫͷɳ˲ʧȷȴĽڱǼ䡣
Ľüͷһ涾ҿˣȻһ鷳û뵽ʯ֡

Ľ֮̽ȥֻһĤߣѿ壬Խǿᣬ̳ʱһʯĵϸ
ЩʯﶼһЩޣÿһֶƲǿĻⱻ͵Ϯ
ĽüһֱйַХʯʯңңޣͨԨһ㣬ϸ
ʹ֮ҲǳԽᶨͨŻ˵žʯ档
һ㣬һɽǰɽﴫءĹХӿϮ
һĽûˣ˫綨ʯͷվţ˫ƻγһȦʱߡ
ԴԴĳ֣޾һ㣬ĽŪ壬ȷʵ磬ֻҪԽȥһʱ£ҪǿĻ幦
Ľü룬ԼʵȻŲʴŹַǳһ壬ʱѪڣҪȼ
ĽȻѣƾʦΪټԭĻ񹦣ǰаַ֣磬ȴãҲãȵϢֱ͸壬תΪԼȼĽһ㣬ίʵ֡
磬ĽͷһҴ⣬ƼΣڻ֧ŲסˣƮʯڣͷε̾˿֮治УĴڣ˭Ҳͻƽȥʲô޿κΡ
ķģϻᵹùֱ𹦷ΪϳķģҪȼԼ
һ磬Ľҡҡͷڿֻܰˣպһ̽һ̽

룬Ծòģ˾޹ǣҵһӣ̡
Ӿ˵ǳõģһȥһ¯ͬʱȼգʮæŴ
ĽҵƹģǸʵߣŰӣü԰ףɫں죬ź׳Сӡ
͹˵ʲôߴʵ
ĽŪһײġ
ײģ߲ʵײʲôûײ˵İ
ĽҡͷЦ˵ģʵǸף鷳ҪӣҪϸĶ̫ʱ䣬ҵʱ䲻ˡ
ѽߵͷǵǣ׸ײĸһ£Զʲô
Ľ磬ſȥ÷͸
÷͸ôüԼˣ
ĽЦͲعˣƹܴܲɣ
Ҫ͸ĹײģȻû⣬ʲôʱҪʡ
ĽԽԽá
Ǻãɣߵ
ĽЦòҪҪһӣ
òãһ۾ͿóײҪСģʡ
ĽͷС;СԽСԽãһҪ󣬾Ǿ͸磡
͸磿룬ЦҪǹŹ֡
ĽЦܲɰɣ
ţû⣬糿ðɣߵͷǮҲ̫󣬲ýⶫû˴Ūȥ
ĽĿһߣͷԵģھ޹ͷһݣֲҾǳġ
еľʹģҲӣӲ̰ʹԱ˶Ρ
ĽڿջסһڶһǿײģԼ߷·ܲ͸磬ơ
ǰһУʮ㣬ʵϣ⣬嵲ţô
ǰǮȻܾߵĺ⣬ûĻưæ̧ͷԼһŹײƮƮ뿪ˡ
Ľɵײģզ಻ѡ

Ľһ̲Զʩչ˴Ųǿᣬصײ˿ûиһǺߡ
̧ͷʯٸʯǸʯۣܲһҵĺ٣оԲҵõ
Ľܿ˹ײģȻԼȥվãԾϡ
ǹײıպϵһ𣬲͸Ľ̾ײĴίʵȷʵһ͸
رտڱǺƤɣǲҪͨƤܹӳʱ䡣
ĹײķʯϷɣ˵Ĺˣڴ˼ˣҪȥġ
Ľڹײȴ֮ۿת۹ײĵʯǰʯ
ءܷĹײģܸܵХײܲ͸磬ȷʵ͸
ϲæʩչʦıУײߣԽԽȣ߳ʮԶʱûޱȣڹײϣֱӽײı˿䣬Ľ氤һ㰤ס
ײķɳʯڿУѾײģƮƮ˺ˮ
ͨһˮȵϢһ±ϴȥ
ʱ飬һжûã޷ˣһȻЦ
˫ֻΧˮγУȻγһԲˮ
ƮƮ̤ˮУ˫ֲͣˮǰˮ϶ȥ
һֱˮһֱתͣĽĽûմأգȫˮסˮҲմء
ˮֱֱϷɣһֱɽɽʱءĺХϮˮ
ˮ죬ͣȥĴĽϲæӿٶʮԶˮڣܿˮڵò࣬ĽƲֻܡ

Ī빬ĽɽģůڵģĽȴû˼⡣
֪ʲôܹסȷģĽʡ
һϮѩʿЦȷ磿
Ľͷ˷缫ȣʵû취ûãҲãȷ缫Ź֣
ַ磿Цʡ
Ľɲ˵
һۣߵǲʲô֮أ
ĽҡͷҲܶ˵
ðɣһ롣ûĵ
ߣĺȻԶЦӯӯһĽտȻʦˡ
ĽʮһЦ񡣡
ڵҪ˰ɣĵǵĵӶ׼óˡ
ĽЦŵͷǺõúܣ϶
ЦˣǿûõĻһԿȷ硣
Ľæʣʲô
顣
Ľ룺顭
鼫һ˻ܲסͷú񣬱ȺһЩ
ĽǺںδ
񹬡
ͷ񹬣
ҡҡͷİɣ񹬿ǲã
ĽüͷЦǺڣ
λڱ֮λڱɽ֮ϣԼҲġ
Ľǹʶ
ţҵȥΡףҡͷؼǺ񹬲׼̤ġ
Ľ룬ЦǾͷæˡ
ҪҰæҲǲԡ΢Цٶ˵


255 
ĽЦ˵գ
Ц仰˵ģտȻ˵ɣ
Ľ̾˿εұ˵ģɹƣֻ˵ˣ
Цеĵ˵ʲôطôֵķ磬ֵˣǹŹ֣տȻΪɣ
ĽͷһͯսȻˣչ֮ȴоҲøˡ
Ϊ´ȥãȴֵ˵ķ磬ǹŹ֣ķ磬һҪʶһµġЦеĵ
æʦҲʶһ
ͷţȥһҲãò֪ߵغ񡣡
Ľ̾˿ҡͷҿδϲȥǴŵϳ֪
ţüһеӡż˵ڼǲ
Ľ˫޹Ĵš
ǣɫ΢䣬һǱŮ˵ĴŰɣ
Ľͷǡ
üߵôȥʲô˼Ҳõ˫޷
ĽЦǺ档
ߣҿδذɣֻǺ棿Ц˶Ƿԣ˵˫ޣаˣ
Ľҡҡͷ⻰ʧƫģ˫޴ǹŵţֻԶﴫƫ˭˫޴󷨣
˵ЦҿǼǵ֪һǰι
Ľһˣ
ߣǸʦǰࣿƲƲ죬ҡͷɳɲ˴ʦΪʦǰģ˻еĺã
æʦʲôˣ
˿ߵСӱҴ
æʦôСӣһûʲôɣ
ĽЦЦǣδ̫Ʋˣ˵ɣǴŵλʦ־ŮڵĵΪ¯ŭ˾Ůڵĵӣʩչ˴Ǵʦ˳š

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ĽͷǣҾôԩúܣǾŮˡ
ϧûŵˣˣҲϾһٶû˵ŵӡƲƲ졣
Ľƻе棬ͳѶϾ
㵹ģǲѧһѧûĵ
Ľͷˡ
Ȼѧ˫֮տȻǺа
ĽЦҲǲ֪Ǽٵģ
ٺ٣㻹ǸأЦҡͷ˫֮ίʵá
Ľһ书ǿ㱾£Ǹһǿĺٹ꣬ǶҪҶһ˻ϣʵȤúܣǲǣ
Ů˾ͻˣΪȻĵŮҲˣҿã
ĽЦһȷʵȤã
ҡҡͷҾһͦãǻеµһˣһѡ
ĽЦеĵٹܻ̤꣬ʦĵδأˣҲûôˡ
ðɺðɣҴӦ㣬ȥ躮飡ֵ
ʦæ
Ƿ㼸飬Ȩ˺飬δԸ˵ŵĴδһֱڰأȥҲһա
Ľ΢Ц˵ʲô鲻飬ҵʹ˿գҪһԲŻġ
ǵҲǡͷ¶Цݡ

ĸĽһǰۣǻ˳Ͷһ¾ͱԼһίʵŤ
Ҫõ˫ķǲ⣬һʲô˫޷˵ȥҪЦˡ
˵ŻĹ߳ɽȣѾվʮˣĽп˷ѩ˳ǡ
ĽЦӭȥʦ㡣
ѩףȭһ񣺡
Цеİһ֣λضǶɣĶ
ĵͷХһʱɽƮʮŮӣǴѩ࣬ɲ˼ԱȽϡ
ĽЦʦ㣬һϹɡ
ѩüһۣ֪йŹ֣ȴûʣףȴûİһۡ
ЦЦͷðɣߡ
˳˵һͷȻʧѩü˿ʧķ΢Ц񣬻Ϥ
ҪУǰ˵ɽȣҪʱ䣬ѩԹĽȴ޷ɼ
ĽУƮƮȥ
ЦտȻٶȣȥĻҪʮ졣
Ľüͷһ£Цǿ֮
ûСҡͷֻһһ·֮ڱѩû̡
ĽЦǼӽٶȰɡ
ҲãҪþˣøϡ
ĽЦеͷʩΪǣһϡ
˵󻰣ǿˣЦһΪӰӣʧѾ˰֮⣬һ˲ѡ
ĽӿٶȣҪ׷֮ʣʩΪֳ˰ףĽ׷һס
ĽЦЦҲһΣȴɴֱ࣬ӵǰʧĽһʧʧ
˸·ٶޱȣϢԭҪʮĹ򣬽˽졣
峿ʱ֣һƬƵɽǰһ̾ᣬΰԲλ֮
ΧѩѩһƬ˰ѩ絥ֻʣ˰ɫ˵Ŵ
Ľܣָָľ޴ѩ壺
ͷɫһҹʦԣҲѪ
ĽǾ͹ţ
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ĽüͷһЦɱң
ͷʦɲ޵еģǵ书죬ޱȣʦδá
ĽҡͷʧЦҵڴʦ֮ǰΪʦ޵УΪʦȴִʦˣԹʵʲô˶ܶԸ˴ʦһ
Цʵʦ޵֮˵ҲǿţǰǴʦ֪ã򲻹ܣκΣҪƴѰ·û˾ȵˣ
ĽЦҴ򲻹ܰˡ
ǵӹŹ֣ݣ鷳ġҡͷ
Ľ뺮кι
΢΢һЦ뺮񹬴ԨԴĪ빬Ǻ񹬵ĵǵʦǺ񹬵ĵӡ
Ľüͷ˶Цԭһˡ
ǵķ䲻ȫͬȴһУмƣԻ˵仰Ц
ĽЦЦΪǴʦ˵ϻա
⻰ඣȥȥһҡͷʧЦת۹ʧǰ
ĽʧӰһֱʧѩ

ĽվŵȴԼһʱٴγ֣߸һŮɫѩۡ
ϸѩ׵Ĺ˫ۣ߾ǳǳģмɬ
ƮƮǰĽȻЦˮʦãλ޼ɣڵӣտȻ񺮹ˮˮʦá
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Ķǣʡ
ĽͷҪȥˣһ𣿡
һɣæͷܴܲһߣ
֪ĽܴԼһ𣬵һ˾ͲͬѶһ˲ǧ¡
Ľһһɡ
ţҲáæͷЦˮʦãҪȥһطٶȿ죬һζΣ
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Ľһ£ΪӦʦ࣬ȻҲλݺС
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ˮֻǰһڣ漴ĨһЩӰŤΪ죬һ̣һǰָ˹ȴһɽǰߴһͣ
Ľɿ֣΢Ц϶ˣȻǻʩչ׼
ˣô֪һɨһ˵Ӷֵĵǡ
²²ͨ籨ţѲڻĪ빬ĵ˵ĵӻ
Ľһֱ֪Щһػİɡ
ͷ˿
ĽҪ
ţĿԴͷߵúýѵǣ
ĽͷЦЦʱһХХ绢ХһҰ˷׷ͣŤͷ
ĽȵλٿƣĪǲĻȥɣ
ڵĽʱ¶ЦݣŤͷЩ֣ǵӣƽƽ棬ӵ˶ۣƫƫЩһȴһǿΪԼ˿ͷ
ЩԼʮһΪԭ͸ߣ£ѩֻ塣
ĽüλôĪҲ
޼ɰɣʲôģһЦ
Ľ΢Ц޼ɣˡ
˵һʱһХХ׺׳𣬾þòɢ漴ָһХХһ
Ľû꣬һХٴεӣ


256 
Х˿ΣֱӰ˾УĪ빬ĵֻ˵ĵȴڿŭУҡҡλΣյڵ
ĽַһХԭХɢڿлصһХϣʢ
Ƭ̹Щ˵ĵӷ׷׻ԣս
Ľͣ³ХҡҡͷЦⷨӺãǷŵͨɣ
Ҫ˺˲ѣֱܷ𹥻ңһķţƾʦĲҲѡ
ĽģȻǱ취
ĽЦǷҵ󳪣ǽȥɣ׼Ҫһֽˡ
ƿ󷨣ʡ
ĽҡͷӦûôףʦ㣬ﲻҪɣ
ѩû뵽ͻȻϮûˡ
ȴ֣ЦĶ˵𣿡
¶飺ǣʦλʦˣû֮ǣƤˡ
Ǿͺáͷ΢ЦһѲȫʵѵã
ͽ˼²̨ͬϮ˼ڵӰȻȴˣôһԱȸ֡
˵Ī빬ڣĶĪĳ裬ȴܷ
ĺʤģҲϵĶͽˮĪ빬ôȵģڵÿһţϡٵĪ빬ȴͬڶ࣬ʵǿ
Ľǽȥɣ
ãߡͷĽ˻ɽȣһһ˲ߴ
Ľ󷨺ܾ˸ƲʶԲҪҲߣû书߲Щᱻˡ
Ľǰͷˣң߸ͣܿɽȣȻֱȥ
ټ˵иУԼһ㣬ˮ齻ڵĸоȻ
֪ΪԪ£ЩԪǴľԴֵͬܽһȻС

ʲôأʣ߸ˮ飬Ҳ¶֮ɫ
û뵽ĽĹû뵽ǰͨһ뿪ôԶ
䲻֪ѩɽ׶Զ򣬾һǧ˲ǧֻͨṦ
˶ŲشĽһֱûվǰһΪһ㣬һԿûֻܿڴĳ˼
Ľתͷ֪̾ЩЩʲô񣿡
֪ܣ˵ĵӸؿƿϲǵġ
ĽΪβߣʲôš
˵ءͷǶȥˣҲȥҪô
Ľæͷ߰ɡ
ˮһֱ˵վԱߣ浾ţصĴ浹ûнŵΣæģڵĵڶߣĪ빬ĵߣڷš
ĽɿûԼһ߼ŶۣΪɵӣҲ˵ĻԵ̫Сʶ㣬̲ʵڶ
ѩĸԿǣŮĽЦһʮܣ֮ٳʮܣΣ
ţá׵ĶкǿЩע⶯ЩĪţЩŶ̫ˣһСĶˡ
Ȼͷǣʦ
ĽЦʦ㣬ʦæɣҴȥתת
ѩüһ۹˳ǣ˳Цʦ㣬ȥɡ
ѩͷĽЦųͷŷѩ뿪˵´档
ѩô£
֪Ľһ⣬ĽЦĲֺ˿ɻ˴⣬ʦ㿴ɡ
ѩɻĿĽ棬ٶʣƮ˵վ温ɽȡ
ѩ˼ۣͷǰƽӣǲǣ
ĽɽһΪǵ֮ܲ㿴Σ
ܽɣѩüһȻ
ĽһЩΪĿϢ̫㣬ʲô¶Ǻ֪
ѩϵЩ
Ľ̾ЩһﲻãûʲôҪǿһЩġ
ѩҡͷ̫ǣ澫òʧҿ˰ɣţжңĿ㣿

Ľ룬ҡͷֻܴͷؼû֣µϣҪϸĵģҪܾŵùģʣϧܴӦкأʦҲʺϣϧרע书Щ
߰ɣʦҴȥսĽЦ
ƮƮ˴ԱߵСԲһ˿Ϣѩһо
һĽЦһջ񼫴һ׼ȥţŻڲڡ
ţѩüȥ˫ķаħġ
ĽҡͷЦΪۼΪʵ˵
Ҫѩûĵ֪𣿡
ĽЦʦ㣬˫֮δصһûߺС㣬һҪ
Ůڶ˫޷ʹѩ
˺˵£ҲͬŮڵɾ͸
ĽȻ̽ţвϲ
ĽЦİʦ㣬̽ʵ˵
Ը˰ɡѩΪȻҡҡͷλ˭
ĽǺЦʦʳˡ
ٷϻѩûĵ
ĽЦŽһѩɿ
ߵҿλˮΪΪ˵㻹˼Զһɣ
ĽЦʦ㣬Ҳ߯߿
֮ǻˮѩҡͷˮͷ̫һš
ĽͷǵȻҲ

ҡͷ̾ϢԼǱһķţȴֲ̫ǿӲķģһ㡣
һȦص´ʱڳȻ죬ÿɵֻʮˣÿ˶Ҫһӵţٱһʱܳġ
ĽѩͻȥȻǣҪ뿪һ£һҪȥĶ
һȥɣ
ĽҡҡͷòãԼһá
бһۣտȻǲҷһ
ĽЦǣ
ˣֻ־ǣ
Ľǲ빬ȥ̫գҺֻһţȥҲûá
ֻú飿
ĽЦһײģϧûá
ʯͷأü
ĽҡͷǸɣֱܰʯͷɷĩ󣬻ȫãʲôջһ˵Ҳ벻һǰһﴳأ

Ľǵͷߣ˵бصܲ
һͷ
է䣬ʱ顱һ촫Ľüͷһ壺ɣ汻˵ˣ
Ʈϵˮ飬зѩĽһƮѾӿһˡ
Щһʮɫװʮ꣬˫۾â䣬Ʋ
Ľüһߵʲôˣ
⻰ʣʲôˣΪô̳ͷһԲһĿ⻺ɨˣЦ沼󷨵İɣ
Ľ˵ˣ
Բ߻ͷλ˽̳ȥҲ׷ǣĻĪǲ

ĽҡͷЦЦߵ˵ģ
ڵ˵ӣλкɻ󣿣Բ
ü˵˵ӶڣǲŴǴĳģ
˵ӣҲǣԲ
ҡͷʲôڣ
ڣԲȻ
ĽЦһ£ڻʳˣڣֵǰȴʧ
ҲЦЦҡͷڣϧ֣˴֣ȴС
ԲŭһɨһˣʶȤھ͹ĻĪǲ
ҡͷ̾˿ܾûô˵ˣ
ǾʲôˣԲ˺ߵ
ǿᣬǰһֱԼΪĪǴʦʶٶ
ڲڣɽ纣ӿԲɫˡ
̾ʲô˲ҪԵɽͷĵҲƢأõúܣ
֪ˣԲü
ʮͣȴۼ˵ĵӣ˵ڰǰɢǻ̫š
жš
ԲһûãһٶŮ˻ģΪǾˣ˵Ǵʦ
˵ҲΪˣܱȴʦá
ĽǺЦһ䣺ǵӲСԴʦ˿˵ĵӹȻ
ʦԲüŻ˭أ
ĽЦЦҺαŻ㣬ǰλǴʦ
ģԲ´ŰɣΪ̫ᣬԲţΪƾˣеš
Цô˵ǣ
ĽЦк֮£ã
бߵǴȱĳأҵǶ
ĽЦλ˵ĸͽʶʱΪܣ°ɣ
˵ǾˣԲ˺ߵǿɲŴģ
Ƿϻֱ˾ǣһһʮʱ˳ȥ
Ľҡҡͷ̾ܲñ֡
ʱˣб
Ľһ죬ʩչǿ
ģбǿȥ
է䣬Ƿŭ漴Ǵ𣬺ƽָԭ״
üǣʱģûʲô仯Ψǻһˣޱ飬˫۱䣬һ
һģͯϼ󷢣ȷʵˣ֪ʩչΡ
飡ʮһΣȰΧסĽ漴һԲ̽ƻƽƽһƣһȴ󺣡
һһƣ飡磬Ʈʮ˶һȴ粽δˡ
ĽüЩһʩչȷʵˣ֮ﵽ˵زޣʮ˶ԸһˣƳԿʵÿ˶죬ǴʦֶΣ֮
Щӯ棬Եʧ֮鶯ȴǿǳ׾ɱһ
üŶʮˣŤͷտȻʰǰɣ
Ľͷã
һΣһ󣬲˷Ӧһķɣ漴һֳһʩΪ
˶Ըľ飬׼ǿص㣬ƮĪһ񹥣ܿɱʮҲһλһɱʮ


257 
Ī빬ĵǶ֡
Ľ飬˿ҡͷò̡
Ľʹɱ֣˲ѶΪ֮ǾͨȻͨ׼һʩչĻҪܲסʧ
ɱֻסѨʩչ׼һᣬصޡ
أȻһЦԲЦ漴һǡ
Ľһŭһ͵һȭһСХ˲Բ塣
飡һ죬Բʮըӿԣһ
ĽȭÿһȭһʵʵСһһ˳ȥԶըΪޣӿȵǺˡ
ѩüû뵽գôԶֱʦܵ©׺ݣըԼѱ
ǰĽ̫ݣڿݣӦֱХ£÷亦
Լһ˵޷ʦʦǣһ£ԼĪˣ
뵽ļ£ŤͷŵĻǣѾܼƽˡ
ҡͷ̾ˣ
Ľڣ
ûءҡͷ֣Ķ
𾪵ĴţкæƮʦ
ôסˣЦ
ҡҡͷû뵽˾ңʬ޴棬̫ˣ
Ľ΢Цˣǲòңִ˲ƣ
бһۣĽЦ׼ȼԴ߶ǿԪЩԪ㹻ǿܹ֮谭ﵽ֮أ࣬¡
ģĲŵʡ
ЩĽҡͷЦʵ׼ȷʵҲ
Ʋһ졣
ûĵĶѽĲտȻƭһʦļʶȲ㣿
æɫǣʦ
ڰ֣̾ˣɽЩ㲻ţΪβպܽʦ֪ˣ
֪ԼĽ̬Ӱͽܣͽʧ˹ģʦϲðһ㣬Ҫ¡

ĽЦⲻ٣ʦ֮ǰҲţΪۼΪʵԹ
ҡͷ̾Ķ´˵ĵӣŶڵˣһҪСģܱܣ
ǡĽһۣӦ
Լʦô˵ѵ⣬޼ʵɶ
Ķ˵𣿡
룬ͷ˵һγʮǰιأԼԼˣϢ
ôڣ
Ľҡҡͷ˶֪ҰĴҪָ˵ʢ
ҪָҲҪѽȥˣü
ĽЦպɣؼĲΪεѾûû˵ĴɱΨһĽ֮նݳ
⻰Ц⡣
ѩüʣʦܣպӦԣ
ĽܱܣܱΪǿǧΪǣߵѨס˾´󼪣׼аţƼѨӰ죬ʩչ
ѩŤͷɨ˳ǣǷ׷׵ͷĽڻд߶ǱطҲҪСġ
һﻹܳơ˳ϻ˵
Ľ̾Ұֵ̫´ң
´ǲпɳ֮ȻĻûô
ĽͷеĹһ˲ףһҲ֮ǿʳް飬Ψ档
𣬲ǿᣬҪʱɴ𲻴ӦĻֶɱǿҲסǳһλʦ޻˵
ǲɱҡ
Ľҡҡͷдʦ򣬼ʹҲҲˣػ˽𣬵˽ڵĹ𣬲ܲ

ĽˣֻɽǰȻһȻһںߺˮ
üߣɫСϸһܴü̶۾â䡣
תͷ¶Ծ֮ɫ
ĽĽιһʵʲô
Ľȭ΢Ц֪ǰ
Ϸʲôܵ𣿡ЦɽӣĵҲ޷Ϸż;˴˴羰úһ£Ϸĺ飬񼫣
Ľüͷһ£Цˣǰˣ֪ǰηʥ
Ϸռ򣬼̫ߺһ
Ľһ£һ鱨һµ˽⣬עĸ֡
̫ǰȴһ֣ΪȷʵףϸСһܴߣӿȣҪʵʣΪȷʵ˶ĲΡ
ھ֮޷Ѿǵʦ۷壬΢̤ǰһܳΪʦ
ϧһһ˵죬Ϊľľ翣סˡ
ľϣص򲻵ΪٸҲûãһƿˮˮҲܳƿӡ
Ҫǿֻܻƿӣж󣬳ɾж⻰߶ԣȷʵһľĻɾͱޣزѽˡ
Сû˵Ϸ򣿡̫üë˶ɽӵһ٣ɫ
Ľͷ˵̫֮ɫ½֪˵̣˲ٵĹ
ٺ٣ϷҹҹɣСĽɣ̫Цеĵ
Ľҡͷˣ
Ӵô㻹붯֣̫ЦҡͷСѪڵĴҼöˣûһģ

ĽЦЦռģǴ򴺷ŵɣ
̫ɫһ䣬С۾â䣬Ľ˵ʲô
˵Ҫ򴺷ŵɣĽ΢ЦҡͷǴŵϳ㲻᲻֪ɣ
Ҳ֪̫ü
Ϣǧģ֪ķ˶Ĺ򣬶һ˿ڣַ֪֮Ҳûˡ
Ǵŵһͽˣ˶ӹһ٣һʹֶαˣȻԼ˿ڣĻ֪
ĽЦЦ㲻ΪֻԼ֪ɣ
ô֪ģ̫
Ľҡͷ֪кֻ֪ܶûŵˣ㻹ͦϲģ
̫ܵγˮߵСӣУϽ˵˭֪
Ľҡҡͷҵ㲻֪Ҳ֪ңʵö㻹Բðɣ
̫ЦҡͷСӵȤͲ󣬿СԲã
ĽͷЦҶ֣̫Ŀ࣬ƾЩ£̫ʹʵûۣ
Сۣȸ˵˵׻˭֪̫Ц
ĽҡͷҲ˵
ںڰɣ̫ЦҡͷСŪСӻɡ
ĽʵڲףΪ˲̣˺ЩŮ
Ȥ̫ЦС۾¶֮ɫЩСС¹һĿɰ۵ļʵϸ壬ȶӻĪܣһȵܣ
ĽɫЦıˣ
ٺ٣Сӣǿʳ㿴ϻҪϻԵģŮҲһϻϣҲǵˡ̫Ц
Ľ̾һҡͷѣô
̫СӣٷĪȶ֣㳢ҵֶΣ㲻˵Ҳ˵ˣʵԼ֣㻹ԼԹ˵ɣ
Ľҡͷţܽȥ
ȥֲģ˵գ˭֪̫ڰ֣ĵ˵˾͸һʹ죬ĻҲѣ

ĽҡͷʧЦ̾˿˵ʵҵ죬ְɣҿʲô¡
СӾƲ̫׽ɽӲ˼£̾ˣԳȫ㣬ʰ˵
δ䣬˲Ľǰ仯ͻأ죬۾߳˲ײĽؿڡ
Ľ̤һ̫ܿסһδͣ죬˲׷Ľ
Ľҡͷûõģָˡ
˵򣬼̫͵͵㣬ֶμΣĽ˺ѷ
ǲڽŵµģͨƵľɢȥɫζڲ֪С
Ľ֪һطܹͨž߶㣬ҲǶع˺ѧᡣ
רע˫֣˫ֶûеĽ䱸˫֣˫ţֶηʤʹ߸ҲѷҪİ㡣
ֶ̫θǱӣоΪȴƫƫ㣬һܵסĽ⣬֮У˴ߣЩٶֵģססˡ
ֲңôֹ꣬УŶˣϧ³ɣԼ̫ܻݺơ
ȻҲ޵£˼λʦкܶķܹԶҩ֣ٶ֣ķټȴҲûУڵķƹģŮڵģĪ빬ģȵȶЧá
˵ҲɣĽ룬ŵķҲܰﵽزϧֻǲ²⣬ûŵķ
Ľ˾ĳһβˡ

飡һ죬̫һ˺
ĽĵıܹԼˣ֪ӲôΪģһŴɵĵӣβǵģĻ׷ɱԼʹܹҲûӹˣ
ĽҡͷЦЦǻ飬ܻǽң䱣֮һȾܵķ
ϧԼһУʱ顱һ죬ը̫ڿ㵸
һɺƵǣţԼƲסԼƴ˹ǰߣ
о֣вܵƵʦ۷֣Ψдʦ
еùƴԱ֮
顭Ľʮָһָпеļ̫һ졣
⿴ָݺᣬʵ䵽ϣ£ʹ顣
̫̲סҽС
ĽЦ˫ֽŰ֮ͬ⣬˵ҪúܵС
˵˵̫æ˻е
Ľʮָͣ顭Խƣ̫ڿзţϺ£ָ
һǬ϶󷨣ֽ̫С
ĽԲ֣̫ͣŽе֪֮⣬û֪ķںδʹȥҲûã
Ľôţ


258 ÷
̫ҽţ治֪˵ҪţһǬ϶󷨲У˽ȥģ
ĽЦǺõúܣԽȥඡ
治֪ҲҲ֪ķӣֻдŵĵӲܽȥ̫ҽŵǼһҲȥ˼ϧˣķҲˣΪ
ĽüһУ̫ɻĽǰ顱һݵϣĽ¡
ĽŲסͷʣôķϣ
̫ţɿʵ㣬˻˵ⴺźأͨඥ󷨴ķǲȥǣȥͨͨˣһ¾˶ʮֻ꣬Ҫͺãܿ죬һǽϻķ
Ľͷ
̫б۾ĽĽƽͷĽûǿһ˵£ȴӲֻˡ
Ľķ
⡭̫ɡ
Ľһһ͸ԿǣֱԺʮȥ
̫ҽУҪطȴĽסˣֻͽ͵ţŤţ񱻲ŵ㡣
Ľ˿ûп֮ͬ⣬翴һˡ
̫˰ΣĽʣ˵գ
̫ûˣĽľԺֱӳ
˵գ˵ˣһΣһסҺʮʮҹĽҡͷʵҲˣܾȻҺʮʮҹȥҲ޷ҵҽǲġ
̫һ۾
֪һ˵ˣԼɣ˵ĻʹĥԼҲɱԼ
Ľҡͷ̾˿ײĲᰡˣȫ㣡
˵һģ̫һԾ𣬲ҽ顱صϣڵϷݡ
̲ݱѹһƬǽ壬ݽĽҡҡͷҲˣҪֶ֧á
תƮʯڣ̫Ȼʦ۷֣ϧ񲻹ǿᣬĽֱͨӶȡļ䣬֪Ǭ϶󷨵λãǹġ
ƮǸʯʱһХĽֵܵƬ̣پñ㲻ɣϴϻóö顣

ϻĺܶණ棬飬к飬ܸѹܸ֮
ˣҪһֱ˹ֵʴƾѹסȴҪǣһ־
һ֣ʱһźƮݳܣĽپһֳȵĸоһʧ
ȫס磬ǣкһȣĻﶯ
һҵյù֣һֱӹغģ˾ҲһﶯĻ췴ر˶Լ߻ħ
һȻãƮߣ죬ת۹ʮɣԽ
ɫǺ죬޾Ҳ֧Ųס֮񣬺Զкӿĸ궯ôȥκĹ򣬺ûˡ
ĽΣزֻƴǰˣһɣǰûϣˡ
ۣ֮ȴǰΣϢйŹ֣ܹ֮۵̽ӡ
磬˲ֹʮɣ죬ɽûһֱ߲ٶȡ
ֲסʱ򣬺ȻǰһĽ˲ˣ͵ĳ˳ȥԼڰС
ֻΧһϢһʧɢźɭɭǣƬ̱ڵ
æӷŽϻվơ
һ󶦣ֱʮңףΡΡɽʯڶš
вͣӿһ˿˿ǡñʯգֱӳ˳ȥĽզ࣬ⶦŹ֣ɢⶦʲôģ
ڼ̫ļûЩֻǬ϶󷨵λãŤͷĹˣһλɽȡ
ɽȲ̫󣬴ӶԼһң˴γһ׵ͼ¥ͤ鿣䣬һڡ
Ľһ۱֪ŵĵںϵ¥ˮ峺ӳգ䡣
ů紺ʢ˶󣬺ï֣ܵлһƬһƬ̺죬ʤա

Ļ̌ͷ죬ﻹһʫ续ĺڣס֮ͣϲġ
һֱֻܿһƬգ˵Ĳ֣һģԻȥһ䶦ʢȴӲ࣬ڵ·߲࣬Ҫߵ츳
ǵ츳δ书츳ǶõϣŵӶҪǸɮһĶĻķʹҲΣأɥ
ԴӸϣǵӲҲǱƲѣҪڲͬڵӲ࣬Ϊķ̫ѣʲͽ˷ʱ䣬ɾޣݵһɣÿܸһЩ
̾˿㣬뵽ڣû㲻ĶҲûгʢ˥ɵأһҲˣ֪ʱڵķУ᲻ʧ
ҡҡͷ׿˸Уתͷܣмĺϣһ˺ˮ
һˮȪȪˮůͣƮ꣬һֱͣ£һֱ굽ס
峹ܹսһƬɳӣֲúΪӳء
Щɳ˸⣬һЩʯһһŹ⣬ӳúˮ峺
Ľ룬ӦһɽԺˮůתΪںںж磬ӷһ£ʱɳ¶һƽ̹⻬ƽ档
Ľüͷ̫Ƴģһİʯ컯֮
ĽƣһʯͷûܰóȥЩʯԼɼĿ̺ۣһ˲ע⣬ΪǺˮµĺۼ
Ľȴ̵֪ǴŵķǬ϶󷨣
һɳŷģǰǬ϶󷨵ȫòԼһ֣ʮ
ЩͼӷǳȻдӲˣðʯӲǳȻʯӲ֡
ֲôŵǰҪ棬ʹȥҲѣûƾѳɹ

ĽһջƣһһѰʯĨȥһֱǬ϶󷨱ʧˡ
Ľƣʦ֮µٲȥʯܿƪķĴǰҲһλʦ
ʦɣ䵽㾳أأ
ҡͷٶ룬봫û⣬Լʦ㣬ܺ滹дʦ
ٷӣˮʼγһһУӺ浽ףˮҴڣɳҲˮƽʱɳɢָ糣
ĽƮ˺һˮˮɴ㻷£һ꣬Щɴ̴棬һɴͣһĲϣֲء
ˮܣһЩŶЩ֮ȻǸлĵŮӡ
˷ܣмţʫʸ踳˺Ĳ䣬书֮١
⼸ŵûʲô棬һЩע⣬ЩʽƷؼת֮
Ľ˿ж֮ɿһҡͷʧЦһذҪҪأ⵹Ǹ⡣
û⺮飬ԼûİæԼҲ޷ҵɽȣŪǬ϶󷨡
ǷˣתתΧŶϧѧһ㣬ıʦѧ
ŸõתûôӣһʽǬ϶󷨵̫
룬Թ䣬Ǭ϶󷨣˽أĽһһת󶦡
Ʈ˶Ųǣ¡һУǱŲһֻһ۴Сĵ裬ӨӨģ뺮ࡣ
Ľһ֣䵽ϣţûʲôζü´һûʲô
Ǭ϶ûⷽģǷһɽȣе鶼һ飬ûҵⶫļء

ĽεĽսϻоⵤûʲôΣգŪмֲڣպоǡ
תһɽȣհѶϣһĺߣ̫Ѿ
Ľüͷһ£ҡҡͷվں߿ź棬һһɣ
ξƺܿףˮڣʹҲֲˣҡͷܲصʱ
飡ը̫ĽӸƴ
ĽƮƮһ֣̫ʱ˹顱һ죬ƺһ£ˤĽǰ
ĽŲҡͷϢҲ֪ôڵģѨķ
СӣˣѾϢɱңұ𣡡̫Ц
ĽЦеĵ˭㱨Īдʦ
ҵǴʦ̫صͷ
Ľɫ΢Ǵʦ
ü룬ûע⵽̫ߵ˵ɣ
Ľͷԭ壿
ߣǣ̫ĵ㵹мּʶ֪塣
ĽǰΪβ˵
̫ߵұΪƾԼıʰ㣬Ȼ˵
ĽҡͷҲš
ߣţɱ֮һ㱨ѾϢˣ̫ĵ
ĽЦеĿҡҡͷĪ˵壬ҲŹ㣡
̫ɫһЦСӣٿܶù壿
Ľҡͷֲ˵ĶݣҵҪûб±㣡
˵һ£ַ̫ҽĽֱӷѨ
̫ͣķĽȴһԾ˺棬ȻϥڵϣʼõǬ϶󷨡

֪̫˵٣ҪһһʦȻôһ˿˵塣
Ǽİӣ̫Ҳ˲ɥĲ񣬲֪˶޹Ů
Ǭ϶ȷʵ˫޹ҲѧҲѧһţ֪
Ǭ϶Ƚϣʱ³ˣǬ϶󷨵һġ
ҪԲ覣ɫʼһǹɫȥҵİ׹ǹ֮
޳ɫȥȻܹ˶ģɮ붨ƽſʼڶ
ڶǲӣԪ²ŮԪγϢȻһΪԲ֮Ϊ֮壬̤֮ܽ;
ĽҡҡͷǬ϶ȷʵϿһͺ˵ףԻɫ˶ģίʵѣʳɫҲ֮ԣһǻҲûʲôȤˡ
ãֻʩչɫȥʱŻоľˮԳ˶Ҳģһֹͣɫȥָ糣ˡ


259 ײ
ڵһķܿ޳ɣ޹׹ǹۣɱ־ᶨܹ˳뵽ֿԼĸкͻͽ
ûվվֳɾͶ롣
Լĸǹվһгɾ͵ĸڻǹվΪ
˵һķ׳ɣˮ֮޳֮۾ʱѾһʱȥ
ߣ̫Ѿľˣҵʹһֱ̼ţ޷ľ޷ͣں޲Լˡ
ϧҲûСָͷ붯һ¶ѣҧͷҲܣݵͷϣȴҧۡ
һĳֻ֣ҪˣԼܵþȣζΣ֣ʰ˶ԷԼѵһ٣ϼ죬Ȼ͵͵ߣٴң
һֻ۱һֻۣԼ£ֲĽѵԼֻˡ
Ľҡͷ̾˿˼ۻ𣬶ԽķߺޣݣŻᵼ¼̫޼ɵܺúýѵһܱжŮѡ
Ӳ̸֮񼫣˴ʦͲƽ˷ˣ˵˿ԲŻˡ
һ˼̫ǰƮƮһ£顱һ̫һҽС
ŤͷĽֻůȪ˵޲Զˡ
ǰʹһΣҲԸֻԶĸо
ֵĽЦСӣˣ
ΪĽˣ˴ʦͽ⣬ߵСӣڹԹԷңҼ̣ʰ㣬ô
ĽҡͷЦЦɣ
ߣðɡ̫ͷĵǰɺ
Ľ΢Цúܰɣָһǰĸо
㡪̫۾㵵ĵ

ĽЦеĵûУʵȤ뵱㺦ЩŮʱҲоɣǲǣ
㡭̫ݺݵĽСӣ
ĽЦŵͷѽˣҪᣬʦΣʦ޷죿
ѵ³壬ˣɱңʹɱҲŹǣ̫æе
Ľҡͷʲô㶼֪˭ôҵѣ
̫Ц̫ûв͸ǽ³ҵˣڵҲ
Ľü³ң³ң
ߣеʶ֪³ң³ң̫һĵɣù³ҵĶĿ
Ľü룬ҡͷʧЦõĴʦȻЧǴ۽أ
ĴңҲңûĴǿᣬҸһЩƽһЩ
ʵû뵽õĴʦߣ˵ΪǳȻĴڣҲȨʦңǡ
̫ߵЧѵõĻᣬĺô㶮ʲôģȥ˼ҲҪأ
Ľ΢ЦȥǲҪ
̫ŤͷȥЦȥĻҪԼѾʦ۷壬һʤԼһǴʦ
ĽǴʦ;ǴʦʲôԼʤһ
ԼΪأķԴﵽɾͣСһܴﵽز
תˣһҪ˿Сӵ죬ʲôʵһ¥
ԼһЩ޵ˣЩʦϲҶԼеʦֶԼ֣ԷſֽŴˣ
£¶Цݣ񿴵Լݺ޵һ죬ԣȻһʹϮ˻ҽУٴ
Ľ̾˿ѽͺúΰɣ

һԾ˺һߣڶķŮԪĿ𣬴ﵽ֮ⲢףҲ̫ѣֻҪľƽͣ
ţȻһХХףңԶʴ˽ǰʱ¡¡죬úڡ
ĽüͷһվһСӰƿնת۵˽ǰڼ̫ߣһġ
̫ҽһæе壬
ϲȴŤΪŹ֡
ĽһһϮС̫мƣȴ࣬ò񳣬ƮƮм
ĽͷȷʵдʦɣһվԨsţһΡȻ֮ơ
̫ô£üڼ̫˼£ÿһĳ̫ĲҽС
ٲҾ̫ҽŵ𶯣𶯣һ۵øϽǼһȥַ
üͷʶɫż̫״һ㣬ŤͷĽ˫۵ʵʡ
ĽЦп˱ȭǼǰ
Ϸֶкε֮˺֣
ĽЦЦֶ˵ö֮⻰ûɣ
˵ߵ˻Ӻζ
ĽⱦֶӺ˶޹Ů㲻᲻֪ɣ
һԶﴫţ˼̫ѣҥҲţ
ĽǺЦҡͷǲʦͿģ
һ֪Ǵʦ֣ѽǺ£
Ľȭ΢Ц޼ɣ
ڣüͽͽ
Ľͷǡ
һڰֵ̫ĽƽˣϣҲɱ㡣
ĽЦЦʦѣ
ǰɡһ˽ƣ

ĽЦеҡͷʦ治ͿѰɣ
С񣡡ǿϣһ㣡˽ƣ
ֶʹģͬܣҲĲڣƢñ
ĽҡͷҲƣҪҺʮʮҹҲذ׷ѹˣɣ
˵ʲô
ĽеַǾ֮޷Σɣ
˵ЦûַŪϷ򣬸ϽƣҪˣĪҲӣ
ĽЦЦⲢڵķ˷̫Ҵһϵ˻öĥַڼ̫ǡҲЩ޹Ůˡ
Сӣ޿̣ˣҲ˵ʲôƣ
һһĽǰ¡
飡һ죬Ľһӭ˸ʮ̲߶
Ľ˦һƣҡͷ¿ʰң
㡭㡭ɴ۾ŵĵĽҲǴʦ
ĽףЦˡ
ͷúã;ͳΪʦ£ϧϷˣ
ĽЦҲϧһңԭٻ꣬ȴҪɥڴˣʵ˲ã
СӺôĿҡͷǴʦųΪʦꣿϷʮǰǴʦˣ
ĽЦЦǸҪĸඣƣ
һ֣ʱɳһˮγһʵʰ˼üһȭȭХ顱һ죬ˮĽֻɢ
ĽһٴһУɢˮٴֻۣΪ鶯·һýòȺ

顭һУĽսһţѷѽ⡣
𾪣û뵽Ľˮһ㣬ҲȴزҲʩΪĻĸǶֻ֣汾Ӧôʦصı¡
ˣ޼̤ʦȴǸúܣʤԼһҲ֪ģѲɵ츳£
ڵĵӸ츳ˣ۲һ࣬һ޼ɣˡ
Ľס˼ϾһԲͯԪں֮󣬾ڿȷʵס
ڷƴɱҪĽʱúˮ޸ȱһû˥ԽʵʩչԽӦ֡
̫һԵɴ۾ţһס壬ĽվһЦģɣʱò
ţⷭȻʹ͵ıʹߣԶһԶһ
ĽЦҡͷ̫㲻ذ׷ѹˣ
̫ȴģɻķܹ͹ԶϧʹƴҲڣһŹ¡
ĽҡҡͷԼռˣ͸壬úụ̀ܽݣЩŮʵϣ
˵Ϸû̫Ϊ񣬶Ǳ˶ﴫ磬ޱȵĻ
Ľҡͷһʦ棬֪ѨΪβúòһ飿֪ȴƭԼ
Ц̫˵˵ûã
Ľ̾˿û뵽ʦﻹǿ۽磬Ϊ飡
һ߻ȭһЦСӺôĿֻⱾˣ
ĽҵĻˮ˵ɣ
ЦССһˮգ
һ䣬Ȼ͵ĵʮȭһȭһȭ಻γӰӣ徿һȭʱըͷ

Ľ˫ֺȻӣʱʮˮͬʱӺɳײһӣεĴӿҡˮϧȴˮԳȥʮ֧ǹ
޿κΣֻܱһ£ʮˮһˮʱΣٴλָ糣һʵС
üһȳĽǰһȭĽ
ĽһˣɵǰԼײֻ
ٴһʧԭأĽ󵷳һȭĽȻⲽúܣԼСŲˡ
Ľҡͷеģ
ɼҵسɴ֮оΣ
ȻĽͷϧˣôͿѧк洦
ߵ޼ɣҸǰҲô˵Ҳ̫ˣ
ĽЦˣʦǰô˵Ҳ̫
֪һλʦǸʲô˶ҵŻС躹ޣõ̫ˡ
ɫ糣һֱҾ㣬ҲҶ˵ʲô
ĽҡҡͷһȻڼһӺԭһӦһǰһ
ŵĵĽôҲسɴ磿
Ľ΢Цкѣ
飡һʱײϣʱ˳ȥֱֱ̫һģ͸˵Ǳȴһ̫һʧĽǰ


260 ĥ
ĽҡͷһҲʧͬʱڰɽĽˣѾûˡ
޼ɣ̫и̣ұɱڵ𣡡
ĽɫһһΣس˸ǰЦôĿɱڵӣ
Ц̫һʹ
Ľ̫Ҳܻ
ߣǵҪ˭һ˦̫˳ȥڰѩϣϢƮƮëء
Ľɨһۼ̫ҡҡͷҲܲʹעԼĽڣҲܲ
һƤƮڿ
վ֮ϵɢȥƽͣ㾲ĽȱȻĴָĽһ͡һХһָ˲䵽Ľǰ
ĽӦ顱һ죬ֱֱȥײɽ£ֱײѩݽȥӰ
飡Ľ˳ƬѩΣȻ񿪡
Ľû뵽ָ˸ͶԵѸݶͻأͻʱյƣէһֱ㵽Լϡ
ͣ飡һĴָָէѾײĽĽӦʱ䡣
Ľ̾ϢǰһӦֱɱֵģÿʦǽңоС
ԼľǷɵƿսԦķɵԦϣټֵĵ⣬һУ춯أͻȻ֮ȡ
ʧ֮ͻȻĻһ˷Ͳ׵֣ʦɲôɱģͷһκУԼǳӣּϺսһķ˴󲿷ֵľ
ڶɱʦͯ棬㲻Լı£ռ˴ˣ˵ĶԪ֮սҷǳҲнҳɷ֡
ΨһΣԪΪûſ͵Ϯʤ
ȴû뵽ʦСһָƿʱձ޿ɱܣԼûзӦʱ䡣
ΪΪǿԽʵʵָټж֮ûʲôˡ

úãȷʵмֱ£ѹַԡͷ绻һ˰㣬ƮƮĳУĴȱ顣
Ľеʲôָ
ָ˵İɣָɱˣֻˣҪġ
ĽЦָˣȻɱˣ
Ǻǣ׾ͺáЦҿǲذ׷ѹˣȽ⿪̫ĽƣϷԷһ·
Ľҡͷһ·Ҳ·
˫һ꣬ʱһѩɵĳΣӶʱϡ
ưѩɵĳģôһ꣬ȱҪӲ֣ټ֣
ָӣȴԵֻͣǰ˻ɣƾĽĻûˡ
裬ָ棬Ľγɵȫס
ڰ΢üͷͷڵĵӣϧûõģͽѣ
˵˫һȻĴָĽһָ͡һ׹ֱ¡
飡Ľϵѩһըһ׹ԼдĴָϸʵʣֱӻĽѩ
ĽָֻԵͣǰĴͲͬ
ʲôָĽоǴָһУѩ׷Уһγɡ
ŭָڿУɫݺݵĺߵ˫ƺһ𣬴ĴָųĽһָ
飡Դᴩ
ᴩ֮󣬰׹ƺľûִܵĽǰĽһ֣һȥ
ЦһĴָһ㣬࣡һ죬ͷըĽһѾ˵
һһ⣬ܿٴһָըĶͷ׹䣬һը˶ͷһ±
ָƶͷǺҴ򣬶ǸоһͷӦĽŵľ
һָȥָһµ˾ʧأԦȴʧ֮鶯û

Ľһ˫ָһУٿһΣٴλָ鶯
żȥֱĸλĽͬʱӻͳöһ˦ֳ˹ȥ
ĵֱĽȻӻͳϻ򿪣һɰӿγɺƴɽֱֱѹɫ䣬顱һ䵽ϡ
Ҳأըɷ飬ĸȴƮڿУĽӻóüģʱӨãٿȥеĸһ漴ʧ·С
Ľ¶ЦݣãȻɫ΢䣬¼ߣȴתȦӣŷԲʮ׵ķΧתתȥ
Լһյʱ󣬼ɫͣվԭأһվ˰ΣȻһԾҡֱϡ
Ľҡҡͷûôơ
ӻҡöֱУڼܣüĵӨȻöҲʧ
Ľߵ̫ǰ̫ѾˣһѩϣүڣҰɣ
Ľüһذ׷˼ˣ±˰ɣ
̫æҡͷǧɱңһɣҾٷ
ĽЩϵŮǣǲҲôĹ
̫һɫ΢䡣
Ľ̾ĹǣҲĥˣһɣ
˵һ£̫Ҫ˵ȴžһ£Դϱ飬޿ܻ
ֱӻԪ񣬼ʹܾȻҲûãθȲԽ޷ָ
Ľ޺޵һۣᣬתǱߣûгĻᡣ
ʦʹѹƣҲǴʦʢҪɲףǲ񽣣ɱҲܡ
룬ƣһöӨ͸СسģСƬ̣СüģСȻԣֱϣȻ仯ǵʧȻǵȫʧ
Ľϥѩϣ˫ֽӡָһָԶһְüġ
͡ؿһѪ֣£ͷؿڣһѪ䣬Ȼֹܿסɫָ糣

Ľüίʵ֣һĿڣȻܹסȫ𣬾ѹơ
ϣʦʢһɱ˺ǽң
ͣһؿٴѪ䣬漴͡£Ѫ֡
Ѫһϱֹסһ淨ܹ壬䱻УȴȻ
Ľ΢촽ӣ˸ͣ˸Ѫ䣬漴ȥ
Ľӻͳöڲת֮󣬼ϥ·Ϊһ
Ľţ˷ɵٷ£ףѹסƣûˣƿյҪס
ƿս⣬󣬼⽻ѻĽûʲôӣֻܺš
ʦʢҲ޶ȣôصˣ֧źܾãĽоΣգ̫ܿ
Ӧûһɱﵣʱ̲ʩչʯٵɱﵣʦ֮䲻ָܾľһš
ĽԼܹѹƴʦһʯ٣ˣԼ⡣
ʱ仺ţڵϣһƻգȻǴѩ¡
̫ʬ׺ܿ챻ѩǣĽµĺۼҲѩڸǣܷ·ӡ
ĽϥѩϣһƬѩ䣬ҲƬѩ䣬·ԳΪһ磬ĽȻۣһۼ
ǿôȥһʱ䣬ĵһ뾫
Ǹʱ򣬼ѹסơ

һҹʱܿȥɫĽѩϴһȭΧѩؽࡣ
մһȭȻɫ΢䣬֮۴򿪣һȺƮŲմصķӣԼ
ĽüӣӦǳԼģԽһתˣǷѶţǼͬ
Ľҡͷ룬һʧһ˵ɽڣ
һϮѩһϣŶ񣬿úϸҪȫӡԺ
Ľէһ֣Ťͷôϲ
Ľҡͷˣһ˰ɣҪİæ
Ц鷳ˣ
Ľͷεһʦ
Ȼ΢ЦһʦСӣ²Сѽ˭ѽ
Ľȹȥ˵
úãҸĶ˵һͷĺܿƮʦ
ĶտȻȥһ£㶢
ĵͷһĽǣʦʦҪȥĶ
ĵĵ֪أҪԸһʦ˵տȻߣ
Ķʱɫһ䣬æʦ
֣֪һСģ
ĵĽߵʦǱȥˣ
һۣĽϽߣ
ĽЦİɣǻСĵģһΪܲΪ֮
ĺһ촽˵ֻĽ
Ľɵ÷ëæһʧ
Ľʧĵط촽죬޺޶һţһʦʦϣһľ
ʦʦ֣ĽͬھҴߣʿɶֹ֣ʯ١
ʦ㹻ˣΪ˶ɣԶԷɱ֣ܺúûڡ
һεļʽһ֣̫ʯˡ
һ뵽ûʦα㲻Ľ

Ľէһ֣Ȼ
Ľϵ
Ȼأһﻬúܣôˣͷż
Ľ˼̫԰Ѽˣֻܶ֡
̫ɫһ࣬Ǽһأ
ĽһָԶѾˡ
ͷߵɱúãϼҼ̫ͨ籨ţûܴСӣ
Ľݣһһһ˶Ըֻ빬æ
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Ľһָߣ߸
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Ľ׵ĻٻҪһ졣
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Ľ֪һУܸӲĻ
ţסͷʦһУһʩչûӵõ
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261 
Ľһ˲ɽһˮóһֻ룬һһ壬ʮ飬ȻóʣʼƷ
ƷʱѸݣûʧܣһյʱ䣬Ƴʮŷ
ĽҲ⣬ſ̺õʮҡҡͷԭǿ֮󣬿̷Ч
Ľܸоõ̵ʮʤ̵ÿ죬һ
ƮվסȻŮɢһ㣬һϷɳڰУԲסʣһʱ˫ּţƬ̺˸λΣնһȻָ
еʮһʧ·С
ĽХԶܿһȺˣЩǱӣٶ硣
ĽڰУ٣ʱ˹ȥڰ;һХХףʾ
׷а˸ˣһʦü԰ףɫһϮɫۣһɷǡ
ƮݣỺȴƻʵƮƮһƣһºɳȥ类ľС
˽ɫۣ࣬һΪʦ۷壬ĽԾ棬ôඥ֣
ЩǼͬ飬Ѳ³ҵˣ³ǿʢز
ĽХǶУǿƴܣ֪ͬ飬˫ɱƿն
Ľȥȵס֣
죬գ۵ߣ˫ƽƽһƣ飡ƽһըף
ĽƮƮˣڿУ˫ƻ˫Ҳʩչж֮˳ͣס
ߣʹ˸ɫĽͷü԰׵ߣ΢۾
ߵ϶³磬Ϲˣ
³Ҳɴ۾ĽɫСηʥʥ
Ľһ³㷢Լʦһ±ѹڣ޷֮˻һλʦ֡
ӲˣԷʥ

Ľ΢ЦҳݣҵĺѣλΪοƣҿԩ˽ⲻ˽ᣬ˰ա
СӺôĿһЦ
Ψ˫䣬ƽƽģѾﵽ˷豹ľ磬С
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Ľ䣬ҡͷЦ⻹м٣³ǰαطôĻܸ˵ˣҲ֪³ǰˣ֪߲֣ǲǣ
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ٸ⺦˶Ҳ˵ЩŮҲɣ
ĽЦðɣǽȥ
߰ɣߵ
һʧٳʱѾɽС

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ͶҷȰ㻹ǱаŶûһô
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˵ŴƵĽģĽӻͳ壬Ȼüģֱѩϡ
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262 Ԫ
ĽһУһѩϿתԽתԽСһѩȻ̽ץס
ʵѩ򣬰ôһѩüӲʤʯͷ
Ľ˦һףѩóһƬӰײϼ顱һ죬ըķѡ
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ĽһУʵѩ򣬶³óһƬӰӳԶȥ
Ľߣѩ򻮳һƬӰ˲һӰײ³磬顱һ죬³
Ľһǧ֮أޱȵ³˵Ĳܲס
ڿһѪĽּһӨ漴³δصһѪϸһƣǴӺ
飡³أںһĨʱֹסѪȻߡ
ĽüʦʢôɱҲɱһ±ɱ˺С˴ʦ³Ⱥǿʢô൶Դ
Ľ·ݣ첻ɱԼֻʵѵãϣһ˷ƾʦı£ĳӦѰ㵽ˡ
뵽Ľһǰһģ顱һ죬³³һѪɳȥ
Ľһ𣺡Сģ
Ľæ߶СŲƣȴһ顱һ죬ǰһ󷢺ڣ񱩵һ¹ڣҪ˺Ƭ
вæ壬ͣʧѾãҴڵϢҪƣоԼһʱᱻƱը
һû뵽ĽУʦԱףο³Ϊ
顱һۼĽһ·˳ȥڿǴĲͣ³֪Ҫˡ

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𨣬⻪תȻΪһĽ壬ĽǴ֮ͣסȻƽ
һ֪û˵ʱ򣬴ʦôѹƵģҧһһƮƮĽġ
СΨһ㣬էһĽ󱳣顱һ죬ɳȥڿһѪ
Ľһ˫͵һƣ顭Уǰһӣһȥûͷ
Ľһʧԭأͷ֣סĨһǵѪɫ԰ףЦСӺ
ĽСĵķͬʱɹȥһЦлˣ
ףղƣԼҴڵҵйԼһ¼ֲסˡ
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ǡʱҴڵһҵˣһ¶⣬ԭҵһɣ׵й˳ȥ
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ڣо˱ҵڴڶһǻˮææѹơ
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ĽʡæϵŽϻʱΧһɣ·˳޴ڵѹһʧ磬ƮƮɡ
ͣͣͣͣһһƵĻӳһ׹ѩأĽƽƽһƮţЦн
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ƫţǱȻȻߵóִǶǷ˴ʦƾʤ
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С㲻ұȣȨˣߵ

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ĽЦĽ˱ˣȴûõġ
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ĽǬ϶󷨣뵽һţ϶Ԫ֮
뵽֮󣬽ڣ侪棬ȴʩΪ
Ľ֮һص·ߣԼϣյԪٶڡ
ֻůڵģȴԼͻѭһȦ֮ʧڽ壬ʱƺһ֡
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ĽЦΣ
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ĽЦеĵһز¶ģ˺֪ǳԶǱ档
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ĽЦȾͱȣҲ÷ɽռıˣ
ðҵҪ㲻÷ɽʲôƲƲ죬һУԭ׿ѩٴ֡
Ľ֣ʱһŰѩͷתĽļƣƬ̹ŰѩΪһڿת

Цַ
Ľ֣Ө͸ĳģһʱӨˮһˮлζ
ףϴȻǸƹش
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ƹķѷڣֻûôǿˣϴҿǾŴҲۼʶ
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ҡҡͷûϹƹһĹҲϴ֮ģһĹҼҲдС
ԭˡĽͷϴ֮ѧԸƹģǶְɡ
ţѧԸƹģһ֣Цеĵ䳯ƹϵǳţһæӣҪ֪ڼƽƽġ
ĽЦйϵһ飬ûʲôġ
䳯ǺιϵЦʡ
ĽЦҡͷŮˣǶôصݣͣϢ˷ԡ
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˭˵ֻĪ뽣ģʧĺߵԭ͵ϮһУĪ뽣һǽѵ
ĽЦһƽ
СӺôĿߵǰȻһһһ˳һɣȴԽĴĽĽ⡣
֮ٴκˣֻɣһԲĽĽ׷Ȼû뵽ĽĽô졣

ĽЦΣ
ðɡһĪ뽣ʩչƮƮģһɭϢƮݣֳС
ĽǺЦһһˡһȻԣ漴ȥ˲ǰ
סһû뵽ĽĽû죬һٽһ죬ཻ
žΪѩĩƮɢ
Сӣûİһۣ֡
֪һĽֶΣȷʵĪ뽣Ӱ죬һԼûȡʤ֮
ƾղŵĿ콣ԼӲסУʦĻһս֮
ҡͷ̾տȻ̫ˣվûţ
ĽЦеĵʹȻĽõġ
⵹Ҳǡͷߵ˭ʥȷʵõò񻰣
֪ɱһʦΪᱩһ֣Ľɱλʦʹᣬ֮£һΪѾԼ
ĽЦ㿴ҵΪ´ʦʲôλã
롭Ƭ̣ҡͷʮλʦǴжҵλʦϵŵΰɡ
ĽЦ


263 
̫ᣬʦԪܳĻû⣬ʮλʦв١
Լٿ죬Ϊǿ˼ϹվûʲôƣѾˡ
Ϊ׻ʱĻۣܳΪʦģʶȥ˺ǿ˭þã˭Ϊǿ
СӣһΪʥټ󷨵ĸǴʦĿǣûãһǵŭǿ鷳ˣʦôɱģ˷Щûã
ĽͷЦס
İƣЦʰǣˣʲô˿
ĽΪʦǺúõ˰ɣϧ³硭
˵ҡҡͷʦԷټף׼ף׼Ԫ棬ʦԷȴԪһըˡ
ܽһ֮һѾҪúųɡ
ҪིøԼС
˰ɡ
ĽҡͷʵͬģһеĻֻҪԪڣұзӾȻԹһյĻǧҪԷ٣ŸңֻҪҹȥа취㡣
ޣʲôΣգûĵң
ĽǺЦǴʦҲ޵Уһжֶ֮С
֪ˣһġûĵ
һӣѼãȻɨȥԼĽӡһ뿪صˡ
һѩų֣ģ˿ĺݺһĽ
ϣһ̬ЦеĶԹտȻæˣ
ĴٵĽǰʦһųꡣ
ţҲؼס
ѩŤͷĽʦܣ˲ٵڵӡ
һǰǽˣǾ۲ЩȺ£
ĽüЩͦ鷳
ɱˣ
Ľҡҡͷҿһ˰ɡ

ô죿ʡ
ĽЩ˿µĲ书ǲԸЩˣɱûõġ
ǵҲǣĻֻɱˡ첲ŷ֣֧̾˿
ѩһصɱԣѷʦˣֲһǳζͶ
ĽЦɱ̫ͣһ˿ڣѰǡ
ôףҡͷ£ܿƣ
ĽЦеĵа취
ǾŮڵԻɣ
Ľҡͷضʡ
һۣʱ㲻ʣðɣŪɣֻҪ鷳ͳɣ
ĽͷһʧٳʱѾһӣһϮۣ档
ŮЦͷİɣ
ѩͷ졣
ǺðɣҸһæɡĽͷһٴʧ
ʦʲô취ĵ
ӯӯⲻ٣ǲعˣȥ
´ʦû˰ɣ
˸Ц˵ӣ
ȥԸʦˣʣѩҲĶ
ͷɱ˼ϢҪܣǧñ֪ˣ
ΪʲôĲĵֶ̫ɱ˶ֻ죡
ڰֵ³ҵĹ
ߣ³ңƲƲ죬εĵͷ

ѩ³Ҳ֪ü³Ҳ֪ɣ˵³ҵҲһλʦٶ꣡
̾˿ǰ³Ҳɱˡ
ʧ³Ҳ
ͷտȻɱһһˣ³һǵ鷳
³硭ϵľһֱûȥ
³տȻֶΣʲôֶǲ֪֮³粢ϢҪȥǶҪù
ЦǵδأʦҾӦôȥ
һ漴ҡͷʧЦѾͷǷӦÿ죡³û˴ʦ
ѽ˷ܵĵͷ³û˴ʦǸҶԸǣߣʦǵʵʵģ
ѩЦЦĵķӦȷʵԼ뵽Ҳ뵽ˡ
ҡͷѽ벻տȻȥ̫ͷˡ
ͷãĲĵһ˵ȥĸٸ
ֻ֪һ֪ڰֵΪʦʤˣ³϶ٶ
ǵҲǣʦԽԽġĵͷʤ֮ඣ
ѩһæЦĪ֡
֪ѩĽ䲻ΪȻ޼ʲôõģƽȵģòһ㣬ʵڿʲôԡ
ƫƫôŮϲ԰Σ͹¡
ѩʦʥɣ
ǡͷǴʦļɻ䣬һ֪ˣ˵ҪȺ֮
ѩ̾ʦܵͳԹʥĿԲĥԼ벻Ըˡ
Цеĵһټʥʦһݽƾꣿ
ԭˣѩȻͷ
ҲˣƲƲ죺ߣȷʵʤ֮䡣
ЦɱĻʤ֮ҲǱ£
ĻҪ˵ֵ֮ҪܣҪȥû
ĵͷǣʦҲ˵ˡ

ĽڴеϣЦдǰ꣬򶨣ƽ͵ĿĽ
˶ò˵
ĽϸĿƺǣһӣһ۴ڱϺȴһɡ
ûմĽЦ
ףһڡӵ֪кιɣֱ˵޷
ĽЦףһڣһ£˳ˡ
ףһҡҡͷܡ
ŶĽЦЦΪΣ
ףһڵڵ̳Ǿ̳ȡǵţݣڵӽԵö֮
ĽҡͷʧЦڵ̳ﲻ˵̳𣿡
ףһڵڼˣ˼ڣ߱ͬڣֱ˴ˡ
ĽЦδذɣΪβˣ
ڴʦ˵ӡףһڵ
ĽڰֵڵĵӲɣһģֱɱøɾ˵·Ҳţ
ףһڵƾı£ȷʵɱǣҲܣҪ۵ġ
Ľͷǲֵһ
ףһڵûʲôģ˳̳Žǿɵʲôû
ĽЦҺķľŴ򿪣һ仰Ǿ͹ԹԵ뿪׷ô๦򣿡
ȡ֮ţͲáףһڵ
ĽҡͷЦûʲôˡ
ףһڵô죿õţ
ĽͷȻ
ףһڳƬ̣еţҲǲԡ
Ľüͷһ£ЦЦⲻ԰ɣ
ףһڵǲƻһһľ̳¹شֻҪһһľ֮

ĽǺЦҡͷȤ˻ټ
ҪȻ˳Ҫ¡ףһڵ
Ľüͷһţ
һڳ¼ǲǣףһгĵһЦǿԳߣԭ£
Ľҡҡͷⲻܡ
Ǿûʲô̸ˡףһҡͷɱңҪһüͷҾͲڵĵӣ
ĽЦЦҡͷҲɱ㣬֪㾫ͨ׼޿֣
֪ףһü
Ľ΢ЦɱĻʩչ
ףһɫ΢䣬Ц˵󻰣
ĽЦЦһʱһӿӿնϣǣ漴ָ糣
ЦпףһڣΣ
㡭㡭ףһɫ䣬һֱάֵĴݵһʧ۾ĽѵҲǡ
ĽҡͷҲڵӣҲ˵ӡ
ףһüûĵĵӸ
ĽЦЦұдУ˵˵ڵ
ݵú˵ףһ
Ľҡͷ㲻ŵĻΣ
㡭ûʩչףһüʼʱͦ񣬵Цģˡ
һĻϻữΪʧȥĸ飬ֻɱ¾ûͷ
Ľҡͷ˵˵ڣǵϹżڡ
Ϲżڡףһü

Ľһҡͷ̾˵ϧϹżң׷ɣûеӳ
ףһڰŰɵĿ
Ľ˵Ĵ֮ˣϹżڵĵӣ̰ٻ׷Ѱ֮һ޷ô֮裬ƤëΪ׼
֪Щףһü
ĽȻϹżѾϾһԵɺ֮£һڵĴУʩչĲΪУԼ룡
ļٵģףһڰŰɡ
ĽЦЦŵĻҲգǾ͵ʲôҲû˵
ţ˵Щ⣿ףһæ
Ľ΢Цҿǿ֮ţĳȫ
ߣûȺ¡ףһҡҡͷ
ĽЦЦͷȻҴ㣬Ȼͼ
˵աףһڵ
ĽЦҵġ
ףһüһܣ
ĽЦЦҡҡͷܣ̫
ܣףһЦ
ĽҡͷұΪǴˣôޱˣڵİɣ
Ȼףһڳ
ĽЦ㻹˵Ļ
ףһڵ
ĽЦˣڵ˵ģҴΪһ֮֮ϣֻһ˵ģѵȲڣ
ףһĬȻɫĿ˸ͣ
ĽЦеĿȷһģҲ֪Ƕ٣һʩչֱ𣬡ٴ棬ȻҲӦġ
ףһڿֿϿգĬȻ
ĽЦҲߴƶףһһ֪ǸҰļüԦֻҪҰļɣԽˣԽ׿ƣԽ
ιĽһѻЦЦΣӦֱɱǣɱɾΪͬţҲúú롣


264 Ĺ
ףһתͷĽЦ֪ɱ練ƣֻö֣һŷ⹦ĥƤӡ
ףһĬȻɫá
ĽЦЦٶ˵Ҫ뿪
ţףһڳҴӦˣ
ĽЦ֮٣ףһڣúãҵļӰɣݼʦ
ʦףһ
ĽЦô㲻ʦ
ףһڳɡ
໥ãҲûʲôպ󷴻ڰˣһʦǾͲһˡ
Ľʦûɣô˵ҲǴʦ
Ǵʦףһü
ĽЦЦţ̫ˣԲǴʦ
ѵǸ޼ɣףһɫٱ䡣
ĽǺЦҡͷΪǸˣôôͿڲ֪ң
ֻ̳ıû㡣ףһҡҡͷɫĶĽ
ĽЦ˵ҵĴ˰ɣǲ˶ǣ
ףһڻͷɱٵӣ죡
ĽЦЦǴɱȻԹۣΪ̿ͣȻ
ףһߣû㣬Ǿɱ֮
ĽһɱǱصڣڵĵ̿ɲܱȣ
û뵽㣡ףһڳҲܴӦ
Ҳã㲻ӦҳȥֱɱǣʡˣĽתߡ
ţףһæȵ
Ľҡͷ㷸Ϳˣڻѡ𣿡
ðɣҴӦˣףһĵͷ

ĽϣףһھŴοͷĽͷãŵˣտȻУ֣㷨żųϣΪĵӡ
ǣʦףһεĵͷ
Ľ䲻ԸҵţҪŹ棬Ļһȡ
ǣʦףһƽ
ĽЦЦѽ㣬컯ƫƫһǷģǡ
ʦҪʦ𣿡ףһڵ
ĽҡͷǳΪڵһպߣһӴ˵
ǣʦףһڰƲƲ죬ߣ˵Σ
Ľ飬˼ƣЦЦˣԻı⡣
ĽҴ
˵һ㣬ĴָʱףһڵüģףһܿȴֻǰһΣ漴¡һ죬һӰƿնվиԼ
Ӱ޾գȴջΪһӰӣˣȴĽģ
һ֮ʣĽϥУ˫ֽӡ棬гһοھ³ƲӡԺ
һһĿھ³ٴӡԺһһӡ޷һ㡣
ù˺ܾãһ֮ãع۾һͣԼϣûĽ
תͷ˿ǰһѹһؼ㡣
忴ۣȻؼ㣬ü󻺻£˫£ؼ㻯ΪĩƮ䡣
ŰĩƮϣɫű仯ջ˴֮ϱ߼Уһլӣҵһص뿪

Ľصʱ޳ţӡ
̧ͷȻЦô
ĽЦŵͷ󹦸ɣ
˵üһ£ڵļһʯͷ˵ˣ
ĽЦһͷ
㵹˱ǮҡͷЦĽǴ˶Է书ˣ߶ԣͷ书
ĽЦЦһܲܳɲİɣ
ЦǾͺøЩһΪУһһ
Ľϳ˰ɣȻǻṥʵǵĿ겻ţ
Щ񣿡ָָ
ĽͷЩǵļУҪǻǣǼˡ
ҲáͷЩһаŵĺܣܲǾͲǣˣʳôˣ
ĽҡͷҲ֪ˣӦ֮
ǵҲǡͷڲصδûбĶ֣㲻̫ˡ
˵򣬷ѩѾ꣬ſһΪֶ˴һ룬һ볭һԭ
˳һС·ˣų
һţ˻ص뿪·һ㣬Ϊо˸ɺںᲨ
֪ɺڵԼأҪԼһ𰸣ͷֻۣ֮ΪʮΪϲߡ
֪ίʵˣ£ʵûбѡһʱһʱʱһã˵֣ҵİ취
ʱţҲڱ仯ŵģһ˵лʵԸŮͬȢ
ʱ죬浶ǹӲ˸ɺ磬ûԼĺӹǱܿΪ
ţѾ˸ƹ

ƹϦӳ嶥Ҳɽɫ
էһ֣䳯վţһɴƮҪȥ
Ľû˹ֻվţƺ£ǺЦ乬þò
䳯ͷҲתš
ĽЦʲô
ûʲô䳯ǲȴЦ乬ǽȥɡ
䳯ĬȻԲ˵ˡ
Ľǰ磬ƮУĽ̾⵭֬
£Ľ
䳯Ťͷһۣô㣬ȴӣó֬Ŀˮ޷Գ֡
ĽŤͷܹ΢ЦôҲˣ˵˵
䳯ƵճΪʦ
ĽΪʦʲô
øƹ۸䳯Ťͷһۡ
ĽЦô˵۸ƹһ㣬ίʵԩúܣ
û۸䳯Ƶ
Ľҡͷ˵䣿
ϴ䳯Ƶ
Ľ̾˿ȴһΪѵӣֲһƽϡ
ĽΪʦƹ۸书Ķǰɣ
䳯ͷ
ĽҡͷϧҲҲᡣ
ʲô˼䳯Ťͷˮüţ˵ĳˡ
ĽЦЦҡͷԼɡ
䳯üߵ˵˵ˣ˵سɲɣ
Ľʵ˵Ҳûá
˵䳯ƺߵ
Ľ̾˿ҡͷִ̫ˣԶ˲ʦ
˵һܳɴʦ䳯ŭü

ĽʦҪ£һС
ܷ¡䳯Ƶ
Ľҡҡͷִܷٹܸƹˣ
䳯ĬȻü
ĽЦЦ˰ɣ̫࣬һıһӣغһ
䳯Ƶ㵱ʦǷһУЩŮ˶ܷ£
ĽͷǣҵǷһС
ˣ䳯ƺһɴһ£ǶһƬģϹۣ
Ľҡͷ乬ӻ̫ˣһû˵ء
˵䳯ŭĺߵ
ĽЦҽʦʱɣʱʦ㻹кСһߣֳִ֣Ҫ˾ʱˣִ򲻹ߣۼ˶Ҫ߸ʱһУ׿߶ͬھ
䳯ĬȻκ棿
ĽЦЦʲô˵ѵģ˵ʵһò޲ŻһƽСӣܵúСʦ㴹ࣿһǸɰɣǲŻϵϣ벻ġ
֮ίԱ䳯ƺһ䡣
Ľͷǣ֪ɵɵһҵһǡÿһУĽѣߵľںϣڰƽ˴ʦ֮С
ȷʵɵɵ䳯ҡҡͷ
ĽЦккñɣ˵ңôҲǽ˴ʦм򡣡
䳯룬Ľ뷨ЩıˣΪԼŮ˵ȷʵࡣ
˿ףپʱıѹ¸飬˽ͷһڻȪ·Ҳįһ㣬Ըǻȥ
䳯뵽ԼĸףпǧһĻףȴļţǰԼĸ׶ĸ׵Ķ˿ĸ׶͵ȴûӵ㸹

Ľܸоһ˿յı仯ЦΪʦ乬㻹ԶΪʦ̤ʦؼǹˮȻɣһҹ֮ͨʵףΪʦĹؼģһߵʦһ·Ķôõ࣬ôõǿΪʦΪʦؼᣬôܰһж׿֮ӣ仰УҾ޳͸乬
л䳯һ
ĽǺЦЩֵܳʵҲûʲô˵ѣҲֻмʦˣ
һģ䳯Ƶ
ĽЦֻҪ乬ɫҹˣǽȥɡ
𣿡䳯Ƶ
Ľҡͷ䳯Ƶһ԰ա
ĽЦǾ͹ˡ
˶һһܣ䳯ƣԷʱҪɴһǣܿϸ徧Ө򢣬¼ΣȻĶ
ÿһλĶֱ컯һֲҪɴ̫ˡ
ԷĵطһСͤںԺһСͤƹ磬߸ͼ֡
ƹ£СŮ䳯ƶԵø⽿޶ˣĽ䳯ƶ棬Сվ䳯
ʱƳһĽ񶼹עĽϣԼҵСң䳯װ֪
Ľ򢣬ϸӨףζʤգ޲ժɴ
䳯ƺûоֻԷϸϸ׽ϢĽԷϸʣϸϸζȴԵЩʳζעȫ䳯ˡ
ι󣬳԰˷䳯߳СԺܿ쵽һƫһһӵ顣
Ľһһ飬һ߿һޱ߼ʵġ
䳯ƴϳһ飬Ϸ̧֬ͷƳһۣǰ˵
Ľָ֪˭ţˣڵˡ
ڣ䳯Ʒ飬ˮĿͶ
Ľ˵ĺ
ˡ䳯׵ǿʢڣһҹ֮Ϣû֪ɡ
ĽЦЦû˵˵ջ񣬷ǣŲ¸ƹѽʦ
ʦĽһֱģֹɣдʦĸƹ벻Եһ֦㡣
Ľ乬Ԩ֪ϵô
ӻͳϻȻóǿӨӨĵǴӴŴö衣
䳯֣Ľݹȥ
䳯ǰ˿յɴǰᣬȻɫһ䣬ŤͷĽ
Ľһæôˣ
ñɣ䳯һ±÷ۺ죬Ĩһ֬ӱ·һˮԽĶˡ


265 
ĽȻôˣ
䳯ҧ޺޵ĵʲô
Ľҡͷеҩ֪ʲô乬Ԩ㿴
䳯ƺߵ㵽װʲôģ
ĽЦô£ʲôʣ
䳯Ƶߵ治֪
ĽҡͷЦʵڲ֪
ⵤ⣡䳯죬֬ɫ˽޵õɫԽˡ
Ľʲô⣿
䳯Ƴһ£ҧǴҩ˰ɣ
Ľĵҩ
ҡҡͷЦû뵽Ϊ£
˭֪Ǵʦٶ£䳯ƺһɫԽĺ󣬷·ܵˮԽˣܰ˵Ļȥ
ĽüжĻܸоҪҪ
ˣϽߣ䳯ƺ޺޵
ĽҡͷЦһ֮
ʲô䳯ƺһѣϽߣҸǰ֣
Ľҩнҩ˾ǣ
㡭䳯Ƴɡ
ĽæƾҵΪŽⲻϥ£ҵİɣ
ðɡ䳯ƻͷ
ڸо֧Լ·Ҫըһ㣬Ƥ򣬲ͣڳ
ϻΪεʹԼӿ죬ǰĽ˵ĺÿûӢһȴ䲻Ӣȴܶˣ޲Ҫڻ
һûĳ嶯ǹŹ֡
Ľ˫ưģʱӿĴĽȻüͷû뵽˻ǰûôǿ̫ˡ
һ乬𿹾ܣһηëϴ裬ֱӴӹȥⵤ
ã䳯Ƶͷ
Ľ˫ƶʱɫ䣬֬İ̶ɣĸоֱ͸ĵס
ҪȴŬѹסһôˣûⷽ£֪һĽǰʾ

ĽëϴʹһЩסˣкô
֪ʩΪǣ䳯ƺһ
Ľͷٶԣʱ룬ˢ壬ƹķ˽⣬ƹķȱķš
ƹķĹؼᵶγĵƫƫȱһƪķţȻɾޡ
һľ磬üһϣƲסȻʹĳ̶Ҳޡ
̵ľ磬ٴαԲڣȼԲǵؾ֮·ɼǻòΣԲʱɾҲޡ
û幦һߵòʵɾͣҡҡͷϡ
ԽʦԽãģʹ˴ʦҲԼĶ֣ƽ̯ڵķͷһãһԵ㲻
Ľ룬乬ҴһοھΣ
ʲôھ䳯Ƶ
ĽĿھҷǸƹķһ׶ˣҪһ²ϳķ
ߣ䳯Ʋϲ
Ľҡͷ乬Ը⣬ҲСˡ
˵䳯Ƶϲŭ
ĽǸƹķȱһ㣬塣
塭䳯üѹĸоŬѡ
˼飬ȫעѹоų⣬Ľ˵תԼע⡣
Ľûһ֮ЩƲסȥ
䳯ƺһĽŵ֪ƹķûһ㣬ʧˡ
䳯Ʋ˵˼ȴĽĻԼУ߲ʱȷʵпƲס֮УֻĽ˵ڰ˲㣬ڵھŲǿᡣ
ʱҲ룬߲ܽøһЩڰ˲㣬ǵھŲǿö࣬һͲܶࡣ
ϧ̰ͼ󣬷ỵ£һĿƲסǿҲãСһѴ󵶣ִһһŵǱ˻Լˡ
Ľŵ乬ҵмķ
á䳯ֱӵ
ûķֻûһˣûɹԼĸƹķΪŲ
ĽôһᣬʱƹղطŶúܣҵһźõķѡ

ĽЦЦҸ㷥ëϴʱʩչķ°빦һٽķƵߵĲΡ
䳯ƳƬ̣һȵȣȥһķ
ĽЦŵͷ˫ƣ˫ƻָ糣ǰİ״ЦÿһЩ
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֪䳯˵һ䣬ƮƮƫ
ĽţЦҡҡͷ䳯ƻǸ߰ԼĶݡ
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ĽҡͷⵤίʵȻַˣһûԼǵֵסˡ
һûżȥæ˵ܵססĥҲкô
ⴺҩĥԷӣʳɫҲ˵ıĥȥ֣ҲǼЧ
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Լһյʱ䣬ϵĺȥһЩĨһ֬˾ƣȴˮ

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䳯ԾˣĽĻ˼⣬Ľϸϸһһһ˵͸ƾ䳯ƵԣܿŪʼ
һתķĽϰæ߶罭֮ˮעĽ˷ëϴʱԭŲķ޵߲㡣
ҪĴĥҪ쳤վõĹҪ΢ĲݣøþҪúôĥһ
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Ľһۿ͸ɴӡ
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æתͷȥٿѾӡԺԲӣ΢Բε򢣬ĺ촽һþˣѷڷѩ
ѩѾ䳯ţԭò߷ЧǿңӾ
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䳯ҡͷ̾ʦǿʲôá
ĽЦЦǵҲǣʵˣĥԣ̤ʦϣҲóʦδ
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ߣ硣䳯Ʋһ죬ĽĿĽ顣
ĽЦеĵ̫һʵڱǸҷⵤһ֪û
ʲô䳯ƺߵ
Ľ˹ʱֹΪǵ֮Ч
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Ľ΢ЦøɣҪҪһԣ
˵ʲô䳯Ƶһۡ
ĽЦ֮ΣαֶΣҲ߯С
䳯ƺһѲ⣬֪ҲûȥЪһЪˣ
ĽЦŪⵤʲôɡ
䳯üƬ̣㾿ģ
ĽҡҡͷЦ˵
䳯Ʋߵأ·һ͵İɣģ
ĽЦżûֶΡ
ǺðɣҰһѡ䳯ƵͷԱ߿ңûѹҩ
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䳯ü㲻˵ǴģҺѲ顣
ĽƬ̣̾ˣǸ˵˰ɣǴӴŵġ
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Ľͷз˴ŵڣһֻ޶öҩ
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䳯ƻͷ֪Ҹ𴺷ţ
Ľ̾˵Ϲҿɷҵ޲ɶԡ
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ĽΪţ
ķа˵ö֮㾹Ӵⶫ֪ҪȺ֮䳯ҡͷ
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䳯ƺߵǴʦɾŮڵĴҲģǸƹҲжԸӶԸʦ
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Ľ룬ҡͷЦû˵
˵Ѿˡ䳯Ƶն޻ˡ
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ʤһ䳯Ƶ
һʩչİɣĽ
䳯ƻͷʵôϸǲǲ⣿


266 ͬ
ĽЦʶһն񵶵
ն޻ڣʶһ£䳯ƺߵʹǴʦҲˡ
ĽЦôĿҲš
䳯ҡҡͷˣѵơ
Ľٴνҩݹȥװƿζɢ䷥ëϴ裬˵̫
䳯ӹһΣ˴˷嶥ɽǰ͵һƿ˳ȥ
ĽЦҡͷ乬Ǻο࣡
֮۴򿪣ϸסƿƿӼӲԶԶɳȥһɽ壬
䳯İС֣¶һ˿Цݡ
Ľ̾乬ûкûؼôãȻ˵зãǿ
ǿʲôã䳯ƺߵĶܻŮˣá
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ĽҡҡͷǵδأＫǴһٶ۵ı֮ϧ
䳯Ц㲻ԼŰɣ
ĽЦҡͷҺαֶΣҲ߯С
ѽһӣܰŮԵߵⵤҩ䳯΢ƲǣЦ
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䳯ƵİɣȰûǱ죬µΪֹڴŲҪٴ
Ľüͷһ֪еĵΪΣ
䳯Ƶһɻ䣬Ůɣһ˵ˣܿΪС
Ľ룬¹ȻŴܣʲôܣʵ˺棬ͷãл⡣
Ͻ߰ɡ䳯ҡͷת˴

Ľһص˺ᲨڷѩСԺ
峿ʱ֣δҹζˣ紵ϣúˬ졣
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˵ʲôѩҡͷ˫޷Թаʹһʱ棬ҲҪǣ
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ĽЦǳгŮųɣҪ˶飬ĻҲûã漸ؼΪ

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Ľҡͷˣˣȷʵ޳ɵĻʦ㣬ܵɽʦ
ܽʦѩɫ΢䡣
ĽͷܳΪʦҹƴŵûóɣĻ˭õţؼǶҪ̫ߣ
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ĽЦķ̫ѣǴС򣬶ܹɣʦһֱ񾭣
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ĽЦһԼɣ㿪ʼһֻ˫֣֪˴˵˼
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֪ܲµóĽΪβԼҲʣԼΡ
ǰ㣬ȷʵף֮ǾףԼδ
еĽĻֻҪǬ϶󷨣ܹʦΪҪ̫ߡ
ķзѰʦ֮޷ֻԼĿĵĲ롣
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һݾ֮ͨĥº˾˵һ͸֮ﵽʦ硣
ӦǬ϶󷨵Ĺؼ˵ʲôʲôֻԼ֪ϣ˵Щźܸˡ
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ĽЦ⵹٣֣֮ͨǳĶΪΪͨ׹ħϺѰա

˵һѩһѩɴƮƮɣĽ㣬뵽˸ƹ䳯ƣʸﳡѷ¡
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Ůɫֻרע书Ҫ޳һ˫书ʹ˶Ҳġ
ˣſƽʱȴûиоʱѩûѩӣһ廪Ϣ壬Ȼ޷԰Σֱݽȥˡ
Ľҡҡͷ̾ѽȥ
ȴſյʧ̬ԼҲ㣬ѩʵ޷Ĳ
һ£ſȴֻŷѩԼˣ޺һƼſա
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ѩ΢΢һЦףض񣡡ûʲô´βϰɡ
ʦĽЦΣ
ѩбһۣҡҡͷ
ſ뾲ʱһ


267 Ȱ
ĽЦʦ㣬ô˵ҲǸʦ
֪ѩ˼ǰϹòϣ˼ҡ
ĺúõָǣһ쵽æͣҪԼչѩҡͷߵ
ռ뾲һԭ˵Լã
ĽЦҡͷһ쵽ĶǣνʦţڸˣǵĳɾͻԼ
ѩҡͷʦĶ٣ǿһЩʲôҲܣܳɲģǻСʲôҲġ
ſչʦãʦҪϸġ
æͷɴ۾
ѩЦһðɣʦǸģгɾͻҪԼŬ
ǣʦáæͷ
ĽЦʦ㣬Ȳģҹ̰ܽɡ
ѩһۣ۲תһ˷飬ߵ;͵ɣҲԹ۵ģ
ſնʱ˫۷Ź⣬˷Ī
Ľſգʱúøʦ̣ʦһֻ̤ʦǵ컯
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ĽҡҡͷſգʦȶԼʦ㻹֣ԸСһܿء
ſһУϧʦ㣬ʦĿ棬Į飬ſһŻܿᱻ
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ǣʦſյͷתߡ
ʦôĻû˵ġ
ĽЦЦνУԽһû͵òѽ
ʲôķѩ
ĽЦķӡ
ֲáѩףǴʦķޱȣҪ
ǣʦãһúġͷ

Ľ귨뿪»صѩСԺĽЦʦ㣬Σ
΢΢ʵΪһʱ̳١
⿴ſյֶټĽǰһ֮󣬺ܿϰ˾ۼϵ¡
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һǾĽ˵ףȻĸоЩԼԼģģ֪һ㣬ֶ϶ʮˡ
Ľһ㣬һ㴰ֽһˣඥо˵˷ܼǳĽһ㡣
ȷʵԣۣܸоԴԴϴָоޱȡ
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Ľһֱ˵ԼǷ𷨵ĵӣɶʦԼطһֱΪĽڷһȴͬҪУҪǻۣ
ĽĽ֪ԼһֱСʦܣԷ𷨵ԽһȣԶԼ
ֲ̤ʦ磬˵нҳɷݣȴҲڱȻ˼̣֮ǻ֮Զһõǻۡ
ƽʱԼǰһֱƤЦһ棬ԼԾС˼֣Լ̫ǳˡ
뵽Ȼߵķ𷨾ȴз𷨣ǲǣ
ĽЦһЦʦ㣬֪еѡ
ǵҲǣ˷𷨣ιô죿ѩҡͷЦһж¹ء
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㻹֪ڸģѩߵ
Ľҡͷ̾ˣû·ֱֻǰǰŬȡˣǶģӰһ
㵹Ҳףʲôȥˣѩߵ¶أ
ĽҲһֱ𣿡
Ҳеˡѩͷ
ĽЦʦ㣬˵ôɡ
һˣһˡѩûĵ

¾ĽȷʵǸ⣬ȴҲ͵ģʵڲ뵢˶¾ֻܱһܣȴһ¸顣
Ը˶Լݣ޸Լç֮ҲʺϣֻͷԷȶѡ
Ľ룬ȥ¾Щż뵽µգ֪ԵʣҲĶȴһֱǿš
ѩһϯֹ˼¶Ȼ顣
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죬ĽһֱڸƷ壬䳯һֱ棬оԼһסɽһ㣬˵䡣
Ľ糿һ󣬳Թʧ£ָͽٿ̳ƼԽԽ˵
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籼֮ӣҪѣҪõѵڴ붨ѣڽĽĵԿɿ磬лĽӰ죬޷ǳȻĺܿᵽ֮о
һоǻԽڿԽԽĽõԽǿ
峿ʱ֣ĽԹ뿪ȻС޴Ҵɽ壬˴
ͣסˣü룬оС޵鲻һ㣬Ȼǳˣùµַ
ŲԼƫдڽˣ䳯һϮɴڴⲽС޴վһԣţ͸ߡ
ĽŲ߽ȥʱŮͬʱת
СһĽֿ䳯ƣֻܱͣʧҡҡͷ
ĽЦʲô鷳ˣ
ûʲô䳯Ƶ
䣬ȴڷŭҲġ
ĽЦЦ˵ɣҲţռռҲãСޣǲǳʲôˣ
С޵ͷʦˡ
Ľü˭ɱģ
ҡС޺޺޵
Сޣ䳯ƺһСæӣС졣

ĽҡѵĴҵң
ǣСæͷ漴æ죬СĿ䳯ơ
䳯ƺߵǾʦң㲻عܡ
Ľ˵ҲɣҸǡǳңаԵƣֵԽԽɻ
ҡң䳯Цһҡͷ̫
Ľҡͷ˵ǸƹڣңҶû
䳯Ƶô
ĽªŰɣҵֵ÷з
䳯һü¶Ȼɫ´һۣˣ˵شңǲģ
Ľͷ١
Ҳ˵㱻ɱˡ䳯ƵȻǼٵģǰҲɣ
ĽЦˣټٵģǣ̫һʱ˵꣬˵ҸҵĹϵɣлʰҾŹ
ţ⵹١䳯ףǲæ
ĽЦЦ乬֪ҵĵϸ
ɴĽԿó䳯ƻΪΣԼ棬ڡ
䳯Ƶ֪һ
Ľҡͷʵ֪ҵϸҹƣƾǸƹԸҺѡ
ʲô˲𣡡С޺һ
Ľҡͷ̾Ĵ֮һǵʵ׷ģôĿľӪʹȲϸƹԴԶҲݲǵǿԲܺаԵ
һȥһˡ䳯Ƶ
Ľȥʲô
Ҫһʡ䳯Ƶ
ĽЦЦǸ̰ɫģҪСĲǡ
䳯һۣС޳ɵС㡭
䳯ưһ֣ض˵Ѿ


268 ͵Ϯ
СεĵͷŤͷĽĽʹɫʳȥ׼Ľƫ
ĽҲ䳯ƸǣصƫʱСѾˡ
ӣССһż顣
֪СǷӣ˭ȰҲɣĴҿȻȸƹ֡
˸ҷƹϣȴĴңΪĴҲˣеȨߣǲصģֶ伫һҴùֻǸƹʹԪˣƹҲ򲻹
żֿĽ䳯ƺܺãΪĽǿ䳯ƣ˼ô˵Ҳһλʦѽľ֡
Ľ̾ڿû취ˡ
С޵ӣһСҴ
ĽͷСһȥҪģԵߵģѸƹ
ô죿С޶ţøѽ
Ľֻ׼׼һӲ̰ɡ
ҪôСε
Ľͷ乬ΪʦҲŻɵ
ʦѽСҡҡͷ̾ҪдʦüҲǣ
Ľͷ
ӣ˵Щûѽ˵õġС
ĽΪ֮ƣֻһˣҿǹԸ⣬ʲ
С̾˿ӻ𣿡
ĽͷæǹԸ⡭
ӲСæ
ĽܰҲ࣬Ŀţһһ飬һΣѣϾܵ
˵ŴӻȡĿݸСޣҲ֪ǹƢҪٶȰ˵ʵ䷴
С޽ӹ壬һ£ͷðɣһԹԱ졣
ʵ̲ס˵ĻҲҪñķӣ˵һ¸ƹҵĺһ˵ýȥĽ
Сһ£ͷãҼסඡ

ĽСޣȻ뿪˸ƹ䳯һеĽƶúܣаʤ
ԭĴҾܿ¾ڿȴɣԼҿԵݲǳ
һص£˽ǿǵʵָǿϴʦҲһս֮
ԼãҪͻʥѹƲûа취ֻҪǿǣʥ
ЩʥЩŴñķá
ʥķżʥԴȴвͬԼͽı仯仯
ʥ۹̶ģĽԽʥѹ;һƻʥͨʥʧȥ֮Դһ;Ƿʥ
ʥԴȪԼܹʥȻܷʥȻͻѹơ
֣覣ǱԲڣǿԲµͽˡ
Ϊʱ̫ǳҲޣԶԶѹƲʥҪʱĻۣЩͽʱ۶ԽԽԽԽߣҲҪӰ죬չԽԽͽ
ͽķչҪͰһһżãһԾĻ̬չӰȴ̫졣
ɮ£ҪųɣһиУױ֣֮òʧٶŬҲá
ķ仯޳ʱһʧ󣬾Ϳǵı仯ʧһ֮䣬Ҫһһۡ
еľ仯˺ʵᵽúףֻҪʩչͨȻ˻ţŽǳţ΢ԺԲƣٶͽҲûá
õԴȪЩŲߣһ˵ֵһǧһ˵ǳţżǰʩչͨڡ
ÿ쿪̳ɨķգָУнǻԽŷһһ룬ձɴţõɹۡ
һʥأĽʱὫԼõУγһƬڴԡ⡣

ָһ˵ʮˣдٶһЩˣֻܵԺˡ
ξиĽ˵չһ£޵ôһЩܹɸˣĽȴҡͷ񶨡
֣ǵû뵽ôסֻʮˣҿôȥԽԽˡξкʮ˵
Ľҡͷ̫
طĻ˼Ҳѽξе
ĽҡҡͷЦĲϣĲҲãĳϣûطҲܼ
ˣ֣ô䣬ʵܣмܼܿξ̾
ĽЦǾôá
һ˼û˵͸νϡΪ󣬵طǲ֪ϡ߱ߣطﷴϡÿζҪ
ΪطԴܸܵвӣԼ˵ǱʶеӰ죬ǿǵ
Ľȷţڻʱ򣬵˴Թʱʱ䣬˳Ӧƣʱ˺͡
ξв˵㣬䣬ǰͷֺã˰ˡ
֡ξлȰĽȴڰֵξ͵ɣвѽ
ξв˼ĵ֣ҵþܲס
ĽҡͷΪ÷̫̫࣬עˣȥɲɡ
ξεĵҲ룬ֹס
Ľֹ˫ޣֹסΪ÷߲·ӣ㻹Ǹһŷɡ
⡭ξгɵ֣ҶʮˣٸĵĻ
Ľҡͷʮ궼ûʲôɾͣɼ˷ʺ㣬ʦûġ
ξеʦֻһŷ
ĽȻͷֲáðɣ㲻Ϣˣرհɣһ¶ţӦʺܿнģĸ
ǡξлʮ

Ľξ˵أɫ΢䣬üڰ֣ξôţҪ͵Ѿ쵽ˣûнܿϽץһʱȡһ
ξɫ΢䣬ͷǣ֡
Ľ⻰ʲôãξǳˣȴûܿƣһ⻰϶ʮ㣬һжˡ
Ľͷξִ̫ⱾǴִŵ̫࣬ӣУ˲ִһţڴ߽
Ҳк󻼣һִŻԽԽԽԽι̣˺ѵöˣǻΪ谭
һǰᣬߵ漸ִŲŻᷢ谭ãΪϡڵΪ߲棬ܿ
ңĽҲִķţʱ򲻵ִû˶Ҫû÷𵽺Ϊ谭պ˷Ҫ
һʦѵ𣬸һʦܵȴȥ𣬻˵ǲܵеˣеˣǡ췹֮
Ľ㣬㾫ͨģνʦˡ
ĽҪȥ죬ӽаɡ
ǣַģһŬξͷɫ֣أĽȷʵסˣи
Ľͷһʧһʱ˸Ʒ嶥ʱĸƷɷ֣СŮһ󣬵˸ֵߣ䳯һ߾
Ľһ֣С޷ˣæеӣ
Ľüһۣҡͷô£
ѹСŮǴȴûŶɱ֣ƺèϷ
һ䳯൱һʱֲ£վһԣĽ֣˫۾â䣬
ӣǲ֪ôˣ͵ϮǣС޽شһ˵Ĺ򣬡顱һСһƣѪ˳ȥ
ĽһʧԭأڿнסһƳһ׷һƣûɱСޡ
顱һ죬ĽƮƮأһְС޵ĺ󱳣ɹȥסơ
˵λƼأڻûƻΪСлףһ󲿷Ļһƺѻ

ֱֱɳȥɽ·ȥʽҪɳɽ£ֱ׹ɽ£վһԵƮһһȥͬ飬һϿλŹŮ
ǽͬߡۡ³һѪŷ˳ȥ˷ɳɽ£ҲӰӡ
ĽҡҡͷԼôýӵģƶһأôȥҲҪһƤٶˡ
ͷСޣأǣҲҪһˡ
⼸ߵΪһɣ䳯ƾߣԳ죬䳯ƾεһֱѹţ֧š
Ľ֣Сһ⣬һŲסֵ˺á
ӣСĽЦеĵоˣﻹһһһֱû
Ľ԰׵СЦŵͷİɣһҲܲˡ
ţйڣӲСɵЦ
Ľú˰ɣʣµĽҡ
ҪСˡС
ĽЦЦӲѣ˵á
СһĽæˣ֪ú˰ɣҲ˵ġ
СһСһ˵ĻǰٵģǧСˣ
Ľüͷһ֮۴ܣȥеС죬˹ż֡
СæҡͷҲ˵ġ
ĽЦЦðɣҲ׷ʾǣЪһЪҶˡ
СĴļһءСŬһ۴ߵǲ治һڵʲô
Ľͷףͷİɣ
С߶û꣬ǽһ㣬ʵھúЦСѾͷǲĵöࡣ
СޣһתķתˣԼЧǿ
Сֻůڵģˮһ˵Σֱ˯ˡ

ĽһŮһģ顱һ죬ߵɳȥ
Ľһ䳯ƶ棬ԺһѸݣһܿ
ĽٱӲӣƾһû뵽һȴεסԼ
飡Ľ̽һһ·˳ȥڿѪɽ⣬Ӱ
ߣ٣ĽһɳһߣȣƮƮ档
Ľһ١εһ٣ĽһУʱ˹վĽǰһ񣬷ӣòԼʮ꣬üϡ
Ľʱɫ䡣
ĽЦʶˣҵģ
ĽйĿ֮ܣʹһЩССɫֻҪһ۶ܼסЩҪסĴ
Եòԩɫ԰ף¶Ц


269 
ĽҡͷЦǵӵСյ˸ƹֱɱȷţң
ģҪ⣬ǵ˻ұ𣡡ЦĽʩչѧʹһװϵó
ʱһĻԺӡϵģǣʱҹ˯أجξѣһجζǵһĻ
Ľڶ֣ȴɱһ㣬⣬Щʦ֣һƣǰȴ޻֮׵ļһһһɱˡ
ʱʱҪһ亹ͲһһԼҪУǾġ
ʱʱ򣬴䵨ȴѪӿѾֻһͷҪɱеͬ鱨ΪɱʹԼҲûʲôˣʮԼһú
ЩʱѪ֮ʧֻļ뵨ٴǰ㳡棬֪Լûƴֻߡ
ؼ޼磬ȣҲӲģ뵽᷺־С
ĽЦЦǱ𣿡ҵҪˣûѽ
ߣģڽȣЦɫ԰ףвµͷֻܻȥˣҪˡ
ŶĽüͷһ£ȣֶθӰˣ۸һŮɣһгϢ
ƹɱҵӣɱ⣡һȻ
Ľҡҡͷƣҵֻ׼ɱˣ׼ɱҵӣҲʣΪθƹĵҪɱҵӣ
ҲǰʣΣɱҵӣֻһ·߾ȻߵȻ
ĽҵҪҵ磬Ҳɱ㣬ȥӸţеӾ˹ûǵĵȯмֱ£
޼ɣ䳯ƺȻߵ
Ľ΢ЦŤͷɣ
䳯ƽźɴĽܴ۽Ǽ񿴵óε̾һ޼ɣֻһӡɱ
䳯Ƶлˡ
Ҳǲ֪ô䲻ĽûĽ׼ʹʤҲǲʤǡ
ԼΪĹϵһˣǸƹʧǿûԼ޷ʩչն񵶣ҸĻƹΣա
֪ˣĽǱģٴȣίʵһ£ʵڲԸ⡣
ĽЦЦҲҵĳˣ˿ˣҷߣɣ
׽סģô㡣䳯Ƶ
ĽЦǺãһȥ͸Ÿʡ
㵱ҽ˳𡣡䳯Ƶ
ĽЦһָǷߣģ֪һ
С޵ˣ䳯ʡ
Ľûд󰭣ֻҪúþ
СǱѾŮչˣֲشʱһۣܲµ䳯Ƶ飬Сĸܡ

Ľֽ⿪ߵѨȥӸţ˵ûе˹
ãһʵ߰һȴһȻηģ
ĽЦеĵ˶Ҳ£ûʲôڼ˵ģԸһβҪңĻûẦˡ
Ǽλͬ飿Ƥһ£ʵ
Ľҡͷ׶༪٣ûˤڽҲǺ㲻ضˣܱȫһˣ
߰ͷɷǣܻԼһȷʵңߵһֻ
ĽЦͦ㣬ǲи֣
ߣ߳ĴңһųеʦԶţ
ĽҡҡͷЩʦѽ
ߵҵʦҲҪȻ֮ͣ
ѲٸĽϣܴùϵĻԼС˵ܱסȫһ֮䣬֮һ̧֣Լܻ
ҲΪδ㣬Ϊ˻ҪһЩĽղŵĻϽѣΪ˱ܲϧһУҵܣֻԼŻȥ˵ѾûԼͬ飬˵Ҳ֪
Ľܱ̾סģѳΪʦˡ
ҡҡͷΪʦ̸ףòʦΪһ˿ãϣ̤̤ʵʵĺôøһü˹øһ
䳯ƺһۣƲ첻м
üŷߣ˽϶Ϊ˵Ҫ޼һ㣬ǹŹֵúܡ
Ľ˷ߵ̬ҡͷ֮ʣҲ˳ˮۣһҵĵϸҲãʡȥ¼ѯˡ

ĽЦʦվޣˣһеȯʦӡ
߻ͷ磬ЩϳҲӡ
ĽЦЦʵļͦã
ﶼϲߵͷ
ĽЦһ£ÿ˵ı׼һԼƽӹܣЩȴͬ
Ľûдʦ
ʦûСҡͷ
Ľֵҹϵðɣ
áߵͷ
Ľü¼أ
ҲͦãǰһӶ¼һȾƵأϵָˣ¹һСĿһۡ
ĽЦЦҾͷˣ¹ں𣿡
ﻹǶС㣿ʡ
Ľ
ҡҡͷ˵ﲡˣͦأɲǡ
Ľɫʱһ䣺ʲô
æʱ˵ģ񾰻ﲡͦصģ֪ôˡ
Ľɲˣ
˭ҡҡͷŹĹϵãǶ¼ҵģûиͷ϶ġ
Ľɫ䳯ƳһۣĽݣɽǰɫģȻΪ¾
ҡҡͷȻǻӣ飬һŮˣ
Ľֵˣȥɣ
ǣߵͷƮ뿪ɽ塣
ĽĬȻΧİƣɫɮƮգ岻
䳯һߣվţΧĸƣɺɴƮ
ڱǰĽŶ¾¶ӨԺ֣һһЦˮ

ЩôãһŮƮƮ䵽ɽ壬䳯ǰ
е𣿡䳯ʡ
ģĿ䣬̣ŮæͷûУֱ˷嶥
ǵѨ䳯Ƶ
ǵ˺ءŮæȵĻǳŲ˶á
䳯Ƴһ£ҩȻǣ
ǡŮͷ£Ʈɽ塣
ĽŤͷ΢Ц㲻ɱǣ
Һ޲ɱӱ𡣡䳯ƺߵ
ĽüͷΪλҪǣֱɱ˱ǣ
䳯ƵһһܼȣҲҪǻ֮ɱǲ١
ĽǺЦҡͷ뷨ҲȤҩȴ˷ˣʵڿϧ
ûʲôϧģɱ˶ܻΪһ̸䳯Ƶ
ĽʱѾʰ˼Զ¾Ϊģȴɫ䳯ǰ¶
Ըʲôۣһ¡Ľҡͷ
䳯ƺߵģܣСܰõġ
ĽͷСһûҲҪСһôʦ֣򣬺ܶδŵġ
䳯üǵǻʲôɱˣܰˣ
ĽпܣԶҪСҵӣǵԶʤЩɡ
ѣʲô˲𣡡䳯ƺߵ
Ľ֮͢ţ֮ḻκһһɿɱȣ͢˲żüãҲɿɱȣǼǻ۴ѧҲκһ书ɱȡ
ѧһǿǣ䳯ƲΪȻ
ĽҼʶĴҵѧ벻ѷڵѧ֪ǸƹΡ
䳯ûĺһۣڵѧ븡ƹ࣬⻰ζ
ĽЦĴҵѧԴڣټԼǿ޵ţ֮ҲԶʤκһɡ

ðɣˡ䳯Ʋͷĵ
ĽЦ҆ˣСӦѲסġ
䳯ƺߵûѣȷʵ⣬ҪҪȥλ¹
Ľɫ΢䣬һ£ҡҡͷ
䳯ЦȻǾ֮ˣ
Ľ̾˿ȥ»Ầ
иϸ𣿡䳯бʵ
Ľҡͷûʲôġ
ûʲôΪβȥ䳯ƺߵôأһܵȥɣ
Ľû˵䳯ȴһԤУ޼¾һ˽飬Ҳͣ
¾ĲҲ޼йأĽ˵ȥʱŭЦ
Ľ̾ҾȲ
ҿǰɣ䳯ƺߵ¼˼ңھǲǣھεô
ĽЦĪ˼룬ûӰӵ£
㲻һˣ䳯ưֺߵøʲôʲôɣûʲôҪ˵ˣ
˵תߣ˴ȥСޡ
ĽŲߵɽ±ϣççȺɽΧĶ両ƣ̾ϢǣĪ
¾ȻôأΪβ壬һԼƫƫԼҪʲô
ôҲһܲԼ֮⣬ģ
ȥɽ±ⲽػʮˣһţһصԼһһ˶¸
¸ԼСԺһƬĽһͣȯӴѹѾϰˣҲۣ֮ŲԼӣɨøɸɾÿ춼˴ɨ
ĽȻᣬüᵽ΢ţƽŲȴıӡ
ɶ˵ϤǶ¾϶صζ֬ζ㡣
ü̾ʰԼӡ

룬ҡͷ̾뿪СԺ¾СԺ÷ţŵǶº㡣
Ľʱһ֣
ĽǿЦЦֵܣùأ
ùºɫһ䡣
Ľһæ
º̾˿ҡҡͷ
Ľæֵܣ˵ôˣ
ºҡͷ֣̾ôˣ
㡭Ľûĵһۣû°ɣ
ùúܵáº¶飬ҡͷҽ˵ùǡ
ôĽæʡ
º̾ǡͦסˣһʵڲˡ
Ľüҿ
ºҡҡͷ̾ùö㡣
ںδĽüۣ֮ȴûҵ¾
ºҡͷ֣̾Ҳܸ㡣
ĽΪβң
ºۣ֣̾õѣҲҵİ㣬Թùʵڡ
ĽҶԾôˣ
Թù̫ˣºߵôþȻûһϢƾʧˣٲùã
Ľı⣺һӷ
ߣǽڣƾı£˲ûǷİˡºƲƲ죬ûĵ


270 
ĽҡҡͷֻܿЦʵ˵ʲô͵ĻȷʵԼڶ¸ǳô鷳
֣ѵһˣǳȥȾưɣºȥ
Ľûǿнݣ沢û¾תŶº˶¸Ŵ
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˲ڴΧַǷĽȴ쳣յģ¾µǰ˸
Ľֵ̾ܣﵽ׵õʲô
ԭĲڸˡº
ĽüøֻҪҴķḴѸ٣Ϊ֡
ºҡҡͷͲ֪ˡ
Ľü˼⣬º㿴һ۵֣Ҳˣ죬ùˣ˭ҲȲ˵ģҩҽҽҲû취
Ľֻҡͷüͷ
º֣Ҳǻ֮ˣ벻ùҪȥȥɣʵô׼
áĽҡͷ̧ͷֵܣҵüһ澰ҪŪô£˵ҽ֮
ùò㣬ҲΥùõºҡͷ
Ȼͣһָǰġң¥֣ǽһɣ
Ľͷı㡣
ºٲǰߣܿܳһСˣº㣬æӭ֣¹ӣ룡
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ϺϣССæĵͷ
Ľº¥һӵӣдš׾ҡмֹŷ硣
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ԸЩС˵Ҫһ»¾ЦһǸӵģʷɢĴңΥѵң
ԻͷһɣƵ̫ˣ
ƺȻü֣Ҫ
¾Цô
ǲסƺȻҡͷ̾ڡ
¾һЦûһڣ
ֻ£һˡƺȻͷһﲻ£βģ
ƣˣ¾ߵһֱͬ˵ġ
ðɣԡƺȻεͷ

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ͷ微Ľ΢ЦһðգȻˣʹĴҲڷֱѹûʵ̫ˡ
Ľڻʵһֱк⣬ֻʵãֻܱ̰ˣΪʦݺ޵Уڻʵ˵ʦʲôʥӣдڸֻ֣ǹȫݡ
ĽҲһˣʦʥҲ޿κΣֻǿһЩʦˣҪͻǧĴڸִɱʵۣǳ˵Ρ
Ľ֪ʵʣΨһķʥѹƣܹѹʥɡ
ʥѹΨһ;ǿʵԼܹһ㣬ΪԽʦĴڡ
ĽѾҵ˰취ֻҪ㹻Խʥϵܲʥѹƣɱִʦܡ
ΨһӰ죬ݷչͽǵԽ̣ԼԽǿ
һ·̫ҪһһҪʱĻۣʱżؼûʱĻۣޣǳʱĿ飬Խ
ֻ𲽣ӰСһ֮ضѣһǻﲻӵȴѹ˼ͻȻȻǴ棬ȴܸ˿ɿ֮УҲᶨ
һһ󣬴¼̵ĻѩһԽԽǿǸ֮
ʱõúܣܼһʱٶ
ܱţȴŻʵңڣǲϧʵ鷳
һ¸ıʱ֣֪¾ǻ᲻ƣҡҡͷûô
һҡͷ¾һѹ͵̧ͷĶͷѹӡȻ˯ȥˡ
ãȻۣĽæˣ
ĽЦˣˣ
졣¾һαƴ
Ľһֱ˯ȴôҲûӦŻˣǺ̫˺֢

ĽЦǲҪ˰ɣ
书ûˣǲǣ¾
Ľͷţ书ˣ书Ǳסһں˰ɣ
Ѿȫָˣ棡¾ͷǺܸм㣬ֲ֪ô㾡أ
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Ľ룬ȻˣǾͿǵɣֻȥ죬᳭¼
ѽ¾룺˵أǴӣδԸ⡣
ĽǱҲȤ
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һ˵岻ǿ׳ʹǿ˾ƣ޷ȥֻͨԾָ
Ľ岻ͬǿǳǳ˵ľ˵Ҳ㹻ǿ󣬵ҲƵĻӻ嵤ͬľ߹վָ񣬽ʡ˺ܶʱ䡣
ڵǿᣬʮ첻߲ݾû⣬볣ޣȴϣоƣͣǿҲɡ
嵤ܹѸٻָиʱ䣬˵Ļתƣȥ졣
Ľ룬嵤ãһ˸֪¼Ҳֻ֪õģﰡ

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ĽЦҵ˲Ҫˣİɡ
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Ľһڵİɡ
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°׳аζԽԵýᣬĽ
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ţȥɣҪСġ¾֪ˣҪϹȥҲȴǲᡣ
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Ľôˣأ
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ĽüɨһۣŮڴڣŶĽĽͻȻ֣Ŀ
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³Ĵʦĵ
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Ľ˶ˣ
˴սΣٿΧĻһ˲̵ʱ䡣
ҹˡĵ
Ľͷţ֪ˣöԣ
ȥʦɣĵ
ĽҡͷЦЦ
ʦһ˵ʦܣȻ³һаյģǲǣ
ĽһǴɣѣٳ治٣ʤˣֱ뿪ǡ
һ£ͷⲻʦ棬ԼҲٰҲаȫС

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Ľװ֪ȴοЦЩŮ˿ֺߣһԼתϱô󵨣Ŀơ
ĵ˲ʲô򣿡
ĽЦŲƣɣôѧ
һ𣿡
ĽҡͷΪѧģȻѧˣһᷴɣΣء
ĺһһۣ˼ǲ̱㲻̣αڡ
ĽҲͣЦеĵСŲҵԴ㡣
ⲻðɣһ
ĽЦûʲôҵķҴһСŲƣǻ˹顣
Ҫʦĵ
ĽҡҡͷЦǱ£޷ڲѧҿɲٽˡ
ðɣѧĳһ£ҧҧ
ĽЦŶ
ЦݺȻһʳָüģĶʱһ嶨סһ
Լգ۹Ľ֣ЦпģĿ֪ẦģûŶ֡
ĽЦΣ
۾˼κȻһΣٿĳʮ⣬һΣ⣬һصԭλá
ŮṦίʵһһʧһ˵ĺÿһ˶ԵУӦȺսˡ
лӣıȭЦ
Ľڰ֣ûʲôģھͿԵԸˣ
˭ˣȻ
ĽӦ³ҵģôʦסʰǡ
ߣ޳ܣĽ촽ЦһǾǼʶһĪ빬ʦǣ󣡡


276 ʥ
ĽȻģǺ񲻶󷨰ɣô᲼
ȴŮ׷ױߣһƬңתۼΧһԲΣÿ˸˾λɣмַɡ
ߣҪ˭һ֣ߵ³ҵ̫ʰǣ
ʰǣŮ׷׽е
¡һԱ߿һţŮ󷨣ת۹ӿ˴Ľĸ
Ӵһɽ⣬ܿ쵽ɽһƽ֮أţʱŶվһȺˣԼһװӣĽɨһۣԼʮ꣬Ϊ񣬱Ů
Ľü³Ҷ񣬷ҪĪ빬ɣЩֶʦ֣һ붼ʦ۷弶֡
ʦֲһץһѣһʦѵõĸˣ³ңһ±һƴ֡
Ůһٶ꺺ɫ΢䣬һվǰͷЦһӻ֣ţ
ĺһ󣡡
ŤͷĽһۣŸмɫĽ˵ˣʹǳüʱһǹţٵֵѹһ°빦ŵţ޷ֻһһǴӦĻᡣ
Ů߳У׷ױߣת۹һԲưںãȻվǰŶ˹
ʱƮţ̤ǰһӶһ㡣
һ
ŵһ漴һֱӻˤȥ֪١
ķ꺺һɫ΢䣬ЦøĪ빬мֱ£
ƮʩΪһԲƮƮһ
ӶϺһ͵һϣ顱һ죬ص漴ڿһͣĹ

꺺ǰüһ±ҵӦ֮ȻѲ
һٴγһ죬顱ͬʱʱֵ
˱˴ӭ˹һӲһ£ǿ֧סӡ
Ʋӻ֣Ʈǰ󣬷סǡ
һ¡
ӶϺһ顱һ˹ȥ˺һ
֪ȥԼķţˣֻ֣ܰ˺һУǹ
飡ͬʱĳһƣλת۹˽ǰҪ뿪̤ɽ塣
Ľ߳һʱ꺺ĿϾӣӲסĽ⣬ת۹нȥ
Ľ󿴵뷢ûܵĿռأֻӲһ;
ϧӲûܵססĽһǶʱ¶ལĳ
ĽҡҡͷԼһŻסǵĽ죬ֶ࣬޷סĻӽѵס
ȴͬЩĪ빬Ůķ죬ǵΪ꺺ǣһ֮ʣǶһͣлɳˡ
ϣ꺺һϣҵҪǵĽ
˵꺺Ƿ׷׳ǰһת۹嵽Ǹǰ
û뵽Է˴󵨣ЩֲߣǳǰĽĸˣȴһ£ǷˣޱȣӶ֮ʣסǵĽס˽Ϯ
һĹ򣬺꺺ǱҪĽЦһ˫ʮָӡ
͡һָ顭һУ˶׷׵ɳȥ

Щ˵ɳȥ֮еײҶץס׹ȥеֱ䵽գǺƾ裬ֻܹԹ¡
޵׵ԨȥʮʹṦٸҲûãѾ֪һ㣬ȥˣбԽߺޡ
Ѿûͷˣֻһζͳ壬Ǵﵽɽ壬̤ʵزķӳ
ϧĽָ֮׼ȷ֮һһϳǰͷļˣһܱܵùܵס˳ȥײԨ
ĲʱƳĽû뵽ջ֣ʧʦķȣʦĻôһȰǷȻһټ㡣
ʡȷʵȫһЩ˵˭˭ˡ
˼ӿȴûͣţһһ಻ϣֵӿ꺺ǣһһסˣʹǿģҲᱻָɡ
һĽ֣ͣһ꺺һ⣬䵽ԨӰҲ
Ľİƣҡͷ³Ҳûʲô
ЦЦлӣ
Ľ֣ǲЦҳ֮Σ侮ʯͺˣ
ֶν͵Ϯ˸֣͵Ϯһ˿ȴ
ĵӵַһЩʡȫ
ĽЦŵͷô룬Ҿͷ°ɣȥ
áĵͷ֪ǰﲻæȥ֣ĻһֳûܹסԼΪҪв鷳
ˣĽЦҡҡͷСﻹ۵úܣҪúһſã̫ˣһֱʵʵȱ˼ֺ
ҲãպöˣȻ죬ôᣬóȻ죬Ҳʲô¡
ĽƮȥú棬ȴû棬ֱԾȥƮƮԨ
ƮƮƮУת۹ɽףһӥһɽ£ͣס˹ۿ
һڷսһţ˸Իƣݣ顱顱죬һ㣬ö顣

Ľվһ¿һҡҡͷǴ̫ˣЪһЪɣ
üô
Ľɹôһ£³һǴֱأһʦ
ֶǺڷߵ޼ɣ֪ºηʥ
ߣϹߵôһˣƫƫ۸һСŮӣʵ̫ˣ
ĽЦǰҿǻǰְɣαطҪֳʤ֣ǰ㣿
ڷ߷ӣһϮƮƮ˫ۣʱһǸӣʹҲѣͬһ㡣
˫ƻ裬˵޼ɣô˴ʦϷϴ
ĽЦĻ֣ͣú˵һ˵ΣǶǴʦ䱾Ͳ࣬α˺
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Ľü֪ܺУ
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Ľǰ³һġ
ô˵޵ͷû³ֵܵİæͼˣܼң
ô˵ûˣĽü
޺ǺЦܰϷܣȻ
Ľ̾˿ҡҡͷ
ߵæһܳɣһͷӣһֱɱְˣ
ĽЦҿꨣֱӶֱǣǰûģ
ҡҡͷһ˾ͳɣ
Ľε̯̯֣˺һҪ˵սת֮ʺȻһ˦һĨ⡣
͵һģǰһöӨ͸С漴ɵȥʧ
ĽüͷһҡͷЦЦ

޲Ȼŭӣƣ
һʮɣĽǰһ£ĽһʧҡͷʧЦ
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ĽķɵôȥģһĿɵ˳бɣԴֱӹᴩȻʧ
޼ɣ
ĽЦҰһҲδɣȻȡģαٿ
ǰһֱûɱ֣Ա߿֣һ뿴޵ʵҲһЩ
޵Ļ㶯ɱ˲ңҲˣɱңұɱˣ׼
ߵԽ£
ĽҡͷЦҿλǰΪҲδعá
ߣ㲻бֶôбûĵ
һֵĽǰС
ĽЦһٴʧ⣬ЦүӺôĻαغαأ
Сӱ֮ƣһֵĽǰƱġ
Ľҡͷȴûܣֱһĳ顱ͬʱһĽˣȴվס
Ľ̾Ϊٽһƣ
£Ʒ·˾ƣþ޴Ԫ£һرɫ
üƣ͵һƷϣ顱һ죬üѪӿ
üĽᣬΪԼ˾޴
Ľƽƽһ⣬γĽһ˫Űγ̤ϵ棬û״ȴȥ

СӣȻù㾳أʵѵãϧҪɥڴˣ̾һҡҡͷ
ĽЦǰ˻˵أһѣ㾳粻ףοѰ·
ߣѰ·ǣЦǾҸ³ԣʵûȤ
ĽЦЦ³ΣһҶѣĮӴʦֻܸһѵˣ
֪СΪʦ¾ĸ֣ҡͷ̾ЦĵĽ
ĽЦЦôô
ߣ֪Цʶʵ޵úܣ
ĽǵҪϴ
޵Ϊ³ô򵥵ģʦôЧ
ǵΪдʦԸЧĽüʡ
޺ߵΪ³Ǳʥص֧
ʥأĽüҲüͷԡ
ĽʥǺηʥ
ҡҡͷ˵ǳ֪Ϊʦʥضû˵Ҳǿˣ
Ľȷʵû˵ͷһ˵ⱱʥؿඣ
ߣʥؽԴʦ˵޺ߵ
Ľüͷ΢ЦǰҲǱʥصඣ
ҡҡҡͷߵҵȥϧʲô˶ܽʥصģ
Ľⱱʥʲôã
ʦϻо磬׼֮ʥУ޺ߵѵһ
ʦһôĽͷȷʵǼջ󣬲֪ʦһʲô
硣޻
Ľü
޵ͷʦ٣վҪֻҪɾͳ磬ͬ٣𣡡
ĽЦҡͷв֮ˣ
޺ߵ˥ߣתҲǲ𡣡
Ľüβܽʥأ
Ҫʥص޵
Ľͷô˵³бʥص
޵ͷֻҪɱұܵõʥصԽʥУ
ĽЦϧûˡ
ǵ³ңûˣҡͷĿ


277 
ĽŤͷЦ㣡
˵Щʲôã˵ͷɣôãɱ˻Ƿˣ
ĽŰɣҲһԵ
ඣһˣҪɷסߵ
ĽЦЦǰˡ
ߣ֪֪治֪ģƲƲ졣
Ľ޳ɴʦҲףοˡ
ûĵӦ³ңʰǣûô
ĽЦԩԩ౨ʱˣǰȥ³˵һǰһһʹΣ
ŨüţĽ²ޣȴɫǿ߯󣬺ԼǴ֮㡣
˶Ǵʦ˵֮оУܲɫˣĽĻҡҡͷˣˣôһʹ
ĽҡͷЦǰ֪Ҵ֮Ը˶ԹΪ棬ѻˣǾɣǰ治ֺã
ߣϷɱǣȻһк󻼶޺ߵ
ĽҡͷǰҲ߯Ըˣʰһ˵ɱһҲˣܶԸһ
Ϸһ˾ǡ
ĽǺЦҡͷ޻ǿСۣðɣٹ֣óֶβඡ
˵һϢһĳȡƿս⣬ƿգֱӡ䱳ġ
飡޸վòѰһƣƵֱ壬ھڴƻ
Ľü޺ԼռƣҪȡʤֻзɵˣȡʥѹΪסĥͼ֮÷ɵ߽֮֮
ֻҪʦ״̬ĽܵԼ۽֮԰纱˼

Ľһٴʧһޱģǰǻǰְɣ
Ϸţŭһ
϶òҪ޼õǽһ㣡
ĽЦЦǰαˣ
ƲƲ޼ɣҿҲˣǳǵ֮ףҪɱǣпܵ³Ƽʥأ
Ľ²Ϊǰİɣ
ɫĽһǰ棬ҡͷǰٲֵĻǱɱˡ
һðգְͣɣ
Ľ¶Ц⣺
޳³ҵĶԹҲˣҲΪ֮ɣ
ĽЦЦã֮٣³Ҳ׷ǾûȤ
Цǲ׷Ҳֻһˣպлᣬһᱨ
ĽЦЦʱ˵ɣʱƣһж᲻ͬ
޻֣ⲽǰᣬΪôģ
ĽЦЦҵĿޣԲֵһᣬЦˡ
ͷԭˣֲãʦҲܿģϷ򻹴û˵
Ľ֮治УԾҲš
ίʵҡͷ̾˿ȻһĽǰȣһ¡
Ľҡͷ̾һƳͬʱһĨ飡˫ཻըĽֱֱɳȥһޱȣ޹ϾһĽһƱֱӱɡ
ͣһâĿ󣬡͡һ죬ٴιᴩĿǰ
㡭ϵЦݽסָĽñɣ
Ľɳʮ⣬أһֹסûȥסĽ
ĽѪӿȻˣĨһѣ˵ѪȴֹסͣӿסĻ
˵ȴܣֱϥãʼĿϢ

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ĿλøղųѪȴֹܿס£ʦʢɼһ㣬죬˿ˡ
һĽǰЦ϶ɣһ˻ʧݵ£㻹Ǵʦ
飡ཻһҲ˺һЦթû뵽Сô
ЦĿеڹоȣٶ֣͵ɣ
ɫˮһúãһأ´ȡ
˵Ťͷߣתʧû׷ϣһʦƴʯ٣ԼҲӲ
ŤͷĵĽ˵üأܻûԹôĿͯ棬ҲûôǱ
ȥȴĽ۾¶΢Ц
ףȻ
ĽЦˣ
ˣǡӦĽȷʵ˥ܣûһ˿Σ֮ˡ
Ľ߰ɣ
ȥĶüˡ
ĽЦһС˲ҪǸȥһʰ
㲻𣿡ü
Ľҡҡͷһ֪Ǹǳģܷˣ
ߣʹթأûҡҡͷԼһڼĶǲ֪ԼԶ
ĽΪһƴ˼¶Ӳ
⵹Ҳǣͷ
޲ƷΣһΪǼģԼҲԶ磬˭ûþأ˵书˭þ˭˴ʦ磬û֮ȫʱۣ˭þȻԽ

ĽƮ𣬵߰ɡ
治Ҫˣ
ĽЦҡͷ۷ˣһأƤ񣬵ܰס
ûáҿӺˡ
ĽЦƷĹһ˫ϰɣ
ţơͷһ˫ƣ˰úܣ
Ľ̾Ʒ߰ɣ
ƮƮУôķɵ
Ľ֣һӨ͸С羫£źϲ޲Ϻúð档
ˣһͣס羫µĶŮɱﵣ˲Ҷġ
ĽЦ֣ѷɵݸɣûʲôġ
һ߷ɳһ˵ٿӹɵһ̾õ
ܸܵӯӯһ㣬ȻطͨӦڵ
ڵԦ뻹񾭶Ī⣬⣬ڵĵӣûһԦķơ
ĽӹɵЦĪ빬书ûԦһģ
ҡͷûУһ
Ľҡͷ̾ʵҲûʲôԦԦһ˸ˣɵģҲҪˣңԦкã
ôûãղĪԦ˵
ĽЦЦʦıҲģطҪԦ
⵹Ҳǡ׵ô˵Ҳشһལˣ
Ľǣʹˣʦ֮ҲɣýһЩŸʵڡ
ðɡͷ롣
ĽȻֹӦ죬˲ͣסŤͷڵһƬǰ
Ľüһȡ
ˣϼ޻
Ľû֣ˣһٿ
ٶ˵վסĽϵѪĽĨĨ΢ЦȥҪúòһˡ
ЦóԺöණܲ

ʦѪһ˵Ѫ̵ͬľͬͬʧôѪһ˿ܳԶţͺãʦͷţֻҲ
ĽЦǰæͷ³ٷɣ
ĳһΪȻ³ĽԹһΣþòϧ³ͬ⣬Ľһֱš
бһֲۣǳ
Ľ⻰ԣ˱һ¾ˣݰɣ
ߣ֮ûĵľ֮
ĽղҸϵˣ³ҵ˳ûĪ빬ĵһ֣ǲǣ
üһۣðɣĹͣ
ĽʱЦˣǲòң
ðɡͷ
Ľϲæĵǻȥʵ֣׼ϣ
ҼȴӦˣѲɻʣƲƲ졣
Ľʣϣһϣܲң
бߵʦҲ߯ˣ׷ڸ֮ôģ
ΪʦҪľȻΪʦ֮ٻָ˴ǰĹҲпܡ
˵ŻĽ¶ЦݣˣҪ˹ˡ
ȷ϶թúܣˣ
ĽЦֻܶһˣɱĪŹ
ðɡͷһϣʰ
Ľͷ֪ҪʩչŲƣҲܣһʧԭأһô档
ϥһôǰдţĽһۣͬʱƣ
飡һ죬ͬʱִŴײǰޣΪ˹ˣӦһʱС
ۣһѪŤˣ˫͵һƣƻʵ˲ײĽ
Ľʧܿ

ףŤͷ۽￴ޣҲƬ֣˺Զ
Ľ֮⡣
ôԶüû˰ɣ
Ľҡͷһ˷裬ǻǱŵɣ
ΣЦ
뵽˵ŴڣʵʵƣܣοĿʹԴʦʢҲסģȥѩϼ˪
Ľ΢Ƭ̺ҡͷˣڵأ
ҪඣЦ߯ˡ
ĽƬֻ̣һУ
Ҫʥѹ
ĽͷҪսپֻˣ
ðɡͷ󷨰ɣ
Ľ°ɣȥȥ
ɣҸһ𡣡ҡͷ
ĽһҲģͷúܣ
Ľεͷһٴγ޸ĽѾó飬ӿ֮£ʦʱʧȥܡ
ٺ٣޴Цһ͵˹
ĽҪ󷨣Ӷٽвȴһ顱һ죬ֱֱɳȥ
Ľֻǰһ󷢺ڣһۣƵӿ壬ͣƻҪݻ塣
ۡ³һѪĽ󱳡
أʮףϸɸɾƽƽȥһ㣬ľѾʧľҴ档
ǱŤͷѾʧ
϶úݶĳĨһǣ޺޺ߵ
Ľղŵǰ棬ס˴󲿷
ʦĿ籬ըһ䣬˷һӿ糱ˮһ
Ľó˷飬ѹ˴ʦܣʹԱʦһ˷޿ɱܣ籬ըһ䣬ǰ棬ܵöࡣ


278 
޺޵һԭķŤͷĽæ޼ɣ˵زأ
ĽҡҡͷЦһˣ
û뵽˹ֱԱˣҡͷʧˣҪҪ
ʦը˼ɣһһˣǽҡ
Ľǰ棬һͽˡ
ĽҡҡͷɫȻ԰ףѪɫ˲䱻һ
޼ɣһſĽ飬¶ţؿ΢ݣǱʯѹһ㡣
ղһɿΧ֪ľΪ촷ۣʯʧƽƽһȥ
Ľҡͷ̾˿ã
㡭ˣæ㲻Ҫɣ
Ľˣµġ
˵Ż￪ʼӿѪȻˡ
˵æưؿڣֻţȻӦĽΡ
ɫĽһҵɳڳͻɱ壬ҳһţͣˡ
ÿһǿޱȣȥ󣬶ʱ⼸ų⣬һ¶⣬ųȥ
Ȼ޲ˣּŭ
ĽЦҡͷԼɣ
⵽ô£æʡ
Ľ̾ǴʦʯٵǻС˰Լɡ
ôŪ
ܸоĽһһ˥ôȥҲֲ˶ãܿͻݽ߶
Ľؿڣͷƺˣģľƣղŵж
ԼһѾˣ

Ľ̾Ҿ԰ɣҽμҲ֪ܲܳɡ
ٷϻϽģæ
ĽͷŬϥһһѪŵҶԭæֶڰղ
Ľֻ̾ǿˡ
˵˫ֽһӡŵǰȻһϢ΢ԽԽƺû˺
һ΢ȻԺ󽥽ֳһ£»塣
»ˮ壬·һˮ죬һ¾
֪ʱɫ̧ͷѾϦ£һϼ⣬ĽԺ˼֣ɫָ˺Ȼûָоõǿ
һ˿ȷʵ൱ûҲ֪ʲô
˼ʱ¹ĽԺĽ۾
æ̽ؿڣ¶һ˿Цݣöˣѹȥˣ
Ľ΢ЦֻǿѹˣȻҪң覶ˣǿԷסˣպٴ١
㲻˹ȣĻǻ췴ΪǸֹʵķӣʱѹסЩɷӡԽԽǿһⲻס˵ʱ򣬾ȫ汩ҵʱʱܾҲѹסˡ
ĽЦ֪
Ҫ촦ˣ̫Σˡ
ĽЦЦȥ󣬹ʦ㣬һ֣Ӧѹ¡
Ҫ졣
ĽڲʩչŲˣȥֻܣ鷳
һжԶ
Ľ룺һҰɣΪٶ졣
ţұȥɣͷһﲻ࣬һܻȥ
ĽЦðɡ
طˣԸпˮת

ĽصĪ빬ʱӭɫ΢䣺ʦˣ
ҡͷ˵øء
Ķ˵ֱӵĹ뷿ֱӰĽŵϣСĶϼˡ
Ľ˵ʢһЩԲСľͻƣʱ鷳ˡ
ĸݣæʦô£
ѱɢ
Ŷĵͷһ۴ϵĽ΢ЦԼͦܵģ
ĽһۣƮӣܿһƿƽƽİ״ƿ
򿪴ƿţͷȻ˺Ľԭòôһ˺ʱΪƬ
ʦһʧ
ŤͷһۣʲôСֵģ
ĺҿĽţʦʲô
ĨϡѴƿݸġ
ĳһ£ʦ
Ѵƿǰһݣٷϻţ˹ѱɢĨȥ
ĵʦҡ
ʲôҵģ˵̫أܵ飬ɢ÷ףСĵûĵ˫ưĽתסĹͷ
ĽЦô鷳Լָǣͷˡ
һ⻰˵˴ƿȻģѴƿŵԱߣɴ۾Ľؿڡ
ԭһƬɬĽؿڵģʱɫһ䣬ûɬ֮⣬˫ƴ˴꣬ʱ硣

İ˫Ľؿڣ궯Ľͷţûܵ𶯣ˮůڵ
ĽЦҲ߯ˣҶͲˣ
ѻ죡ߵλٽһЩûˣ
ĽͷǣǼˣʦΣֽ
˫һһ£һۣЩ
ĵʦǽΣˣ
ͷϼһʯ٣Ӳ
ɫţʦǴʦʦһи̣Ī빬
֪ˣæ
ĵʦϴӦȴһֱûϣôðգһиôһĪ빬
ҡͷǸҡ
ĺߵʲôҵģڶ۰ͰͿأ͵ʦʲô⣡
ĽЦеĵҿĻش󣬻ǰȫΪҪ
һۣ޼ɣͱŴˣ
ĽǺЦǸѵͲһͲһ
β㣬ҿûˣӹӲʵҿɲɣһ°ˣҲ
ĽЦеĵҵ޹ĹҪȻһ¾ͽǾۣȻˡ
޼ɣԱʥô
лǷĽһ˵棬ֻպһ˵ĽΪԼﲻʲôæ
ĽʥأһڣϧԵˡ
ǵδأ뱱ʥйϵĲ³Ұɣ
ĽЦʵûʲôȤȤ
㲻һЦ
Ľôǵϧ翣ţǺúùڵΪ
ЦΪʦҲţ㲻ãʹࣿ
ĽǵδأţҵһʦķţЩˡ
ҵõȻЦܡ

ĽЦЦһзŵ˴Ͳܴ
뷨ĲôЩû˵ɹģΪʦĶɵӡ
ĽЦ˲ɣδҾͲɡ
ҡҡͷȴһݣ͵ĴʦǾ޽еģȻйһأ˵еڶء
ĽȴˣЦôûҵ֮
ҵķžʦ
ĽЦûеԭ򡣡
ҡҡͷ벻
˫ĽؿڣɢĽͬʱת߶ҩ
ĽЦɢѽ
ǹõĵҩߵ
ĽҵҪҪסˡ
ţ˰ɣҪŹȥ
Ľҡҡͷˣڿʼɣҽˣ³Ҳ֪ûס
鷳ɱȥߵ
˵ŻĳԼӣĵʦǡ
β޼ɣҾˣҡͷؼʱסңҲһˣ˵ɣ
ĵͷ̾ͷûһģ
ĺͷˣǺεȵʹ࣬޼ȴû֪һ̸Ц
Ҳ˵ӦòҪġ
šͷ
֮Ľܹµˣָ֮ľȣ˽һ죬ȴµأν漣
Ľµ֮ȥ˶¾һ棬οһ첻Ľһֱ磬ʲô⡣
ĽҸ´棬ֻ˵˼䣬˵£Ҫ뿪죬¾Ҳû룬ͷͬˡ

Ľһ˸ƹƫСܹСɣ
Ľüͷôˣ
СС޽ĵСˣ
ˣĽü˹ˣ
ǲǣСԼˣС޵߻ħأ
Ľɫ΢䣺·
СæͷĽƫдֱ϶¥һ侲ͣ¡
С㣿ССĻһ
Сޣ䳯Ƶ
С޿һĽʾԵȣСĽȥ洫޼ɹơ
䳯ƺߵ֪ˣ
СæС㣬ӿһɣ
䳯Сޣ˵¸
ǣС㡣С޵ֻܰ㣬Ƕﲻæѽ
Ҳæ䳯ƺߵ
СżĵС㣬ʲôʱˣˣƢˣһɽƣôѽ
䳯ĬȻΣţ֪ˣɣ
С޶ʱ˷ܵӦһҴ˳䳯Ʒһ㣺ӣСȥأ
Ľͷ˾ңޣĽ֪㣬ˡ
úܼ򵥣һһѣ°׵̺ź䳯ϥϣɴɴΨ¶֮λá
Ľȭ
䳯ƾˮüˣ
Ľͷ鷳
ʲô˵㣿䳯Ʋŵʡ
Ϊʦ侲ǣ¼в˺٣û뵽ôصˡ
ˣ书ˣܸоĽƲᣬ㾳磬ٻôصˡ
Ľ̾һʦʩչʯ٣һ¡
䳯üʦҲӲˣ
䲻ǴʦԴʦȴ˽⣬֪һʩչʯ٣ûܹ⡣
ĽЦǹӲģҿ˰ɡ
䳯ƵôصˣʹҲΣ˰ɡ
ĽЦʹΣҲбķӡ
ðɡ䳯εͷ


279 ת
Ľǰأְסһ˿⣬Ťͷ
ĽüƬ̣֣סһɫࣺ⻹鷳ˡ
û𣿡䳯Ƶ
ĽҡͷһҳһţܱŤˣûʲôˣȴλλˣҪһһ
䳯ƵڸоԼ壬̽ȥˡ
Ľ̾ʲô书
䳯Ƴһۣˮҡҡͷ
ĽЦЦ˵ô㲻˵ķôҶεķӣ
Ů˲书˵Ҳûʲô㲻ɴȥ䳯бһۡ
ĽЦҵ˨˭Ҳ˲
䳯ƺһˣʵҲûʲô
Ľ˵ɣٲãҲ͵ѧķ
ѵûѧ䳯ƺߵ
ĽЦЦҡͷǵȻ㣬ҿˣ˳Ϊ֮˵ǵķǵĻ񾭻һҲûʲô
ߣ䳯ưһۣ˴ʦҲֻʦǳ˱ˣ
Ľͷ̾⵹١
Ͳ¸ǻ䳯Ƶ
ĽЦЦʦ뻹ȵģ꼰ʦţ˵ʦҲʯͷģ˭ûѣ
ǵ٣Сޣȥɡ䳯Ƶ
С޿һĽֿͷ˳ȥźˡ
䳯Ŀӯ뿪תͷǸƹش֮ȥҾǸƹˣ
ĽЦİɣ
ţǾתֻص䳯ϸϸķ˵һ飬õǴ֮
ʹˣҲС޳ȥɼСġ
Ľϸϸˣͷǰתķ
䳯Ƶͷֻתͳ˲ӡ
ĽĬȻ̧ͷ微䳯ƽһ˲˲ʲô֮

ĽΣ̾˿ȻףһɣҲܾˣǴӺδķ
ô䳯ûĵ˵ɣʲôӣ
Ľҡͷ뵽һҲգ֪Ҳһˡ
ˣʲôҲҵģ䳯ƵϽ˵ɣˣ
ĽǾͻõһȣҵ˺ˣٿʼ
˵ӡ䳯Ƶ
ĽЦķת
ת䳯Ƴüʶ˼
ĽЦп˵䳯ҲԾ֮ԼֻҪһ䣬ףһ
Ƭ̺䳯̧ͷ˵תķת
Ľͷľģ˵Ӱ£δܿסӶ߻ħ̫ˣ
֪֪䳯ưڰֵתķĻϣ
ĽȰķоһ£رһеת˳ųɡ
תֻصޱȣðȻı䣬ǡ䳯ƲΪȻҡҡͷ
ĽЦķپҲ˴ģļʶزѷڵķ֮˰ա
̧̫ˣ䳯ҡͷ̾磬ٸһӣҲ˾ķ
ĽΪǰûķķĴؼͬķԲ
ÿһķγɣ˵ǻŬᾧ䳯ҡͷͬĽ˵
ĽǺЦҡҡͷⲻȻķһ֮أ֮󣬺ֻɣгԽ֮ģ繬˽ҲˣοˣʦûҪԽתֻصɣ
䳯ƵʦûҲû㣬ӲСҲС
̾˿ҡҡͷԼһʵڲԶ

ĽʶʤһΨѷˣαشͷɥ
ߣ˭ͷɥ䳯ưһۡ
ĽЦô˵ˣ
书䲻㣬Сðɣıı࣬ðң䳯ƺߵ
Ľͷ֮ã
䳯ƵǷһ飡
ĽЦ˾ͺãպҿҪֻģ
䳯ƺһģҲʵˣ
ĽЦеĵҪıķҪķŲң
䳯ƽһۣߵµҲֻˣ÷һģ˵ȥ
Ľͷָ췢һģݶǳΥĲȢޣ书úó
䳯ƿˣһ˵߯ˣЩⲻȥԼæҪ㷢ġ
Ľ΢Ц䳯Ӳܿһ㣬Ҳڱ˸ǰ¶
һɴӣԼģ뿪һֱûڽ
䳯ƵðɣתֻصһŲķɾŲļûУϴڡ
ĽЦĻҪɣ
Ůķ˲䳯Ƶ
ĽЦеĵأ
ߣķƲ䳯ƺߵ
Ľͷ䳯ưһ֮󣬺ɴɴᶯʩչܣһһķС
ĽƬ̱ͷȷʵԽ˵Խ򵥣Խûɰɣ
֪ʦߵ˵ת䳯Ƶ
Ľͷ棬ķίʵϸ£һȷʵ޲ɡ
䳯Ƶ֪ĺɣ
ĽҡͷЦǲΪвŮ
ߣ֪ͺã䳯ưһۡ

Ľʶ㲩ѧĴʦһķ֪꣬ȷʵ
ŮȻͬЩѨλȴͬ෴һЩ·תĻԽһεǿ塣
ЩǿĶŮ˵Խᣬˣᣬġ
Ϊ书ΪʵһУǿķ˵棬ջ壬Σ
Ľҡҡͷֲ䳯Ʒĵ˵Լǿ׼Լ޷ַĲ˵ȥȻһʧ
䳯һۣҡҡͷ䳯ƿе˼Ѳ
ĽҡͷٲãҲȥŮ˵ķԼ
ǺðɣķѾ˵ˣʼôתķɡ䳯ƺߵ
Ľҡҡͷٵһȣҵ˻ָˣã¼ġ
㲻Ҽ䳯ƺߵһ˵õϢû侮ʯ
ĽİɣҲӲġ
ҲǷ飡䳯ƺߵ
ĽЦеĵծ಻ǷҵĻ𣿡Ҳһˣİɣǿģ
ߣһ飡䳯бһ۵㣬Һˣ
һ뵽øƹһ֮ȴҪ֮ڣ˸ƹĵλҡ
˭ԼǷ޼ɵأûֻܻҧӦˣ
ĽЦеĵһεȷʵл
ߣл䳯
ĽЦԺ󲻻ʱҲȲѣʵûܰæֻ빬æ
һ뵽£뵽ڣ֪ˡ

ȵȣ䳯ƽסĽ
Ľ䳯ƸǣҪȻȥúˣ˺ˣپãϸܣܰķ޸ĺá
ĽŤͷ䳯Сޣ
С޵¥´С㣿
˵ŻĹѾ˾⣬С㣿
䳯Ƶһƿ굤
ǡС޳һ´ӦˣŲߵԱߵһӣŽȥˡ
ĽЦеĵҪҵҩ
䳯Ƶţ㵤ҩҲΪңһָҲһʼ
ĽЦ
䳯ӲĽȴ飬ȻһƬ֮⡣
С޺ܿŽһöµƿƿ˻ƣʵ޻ʵ䳯Ƹǰ
䳯ӣһöѩ覵ĵ裬۴Сƺת
굤Ӧеô䳯ưѵ赹ȥϻƿݸĽ
ĽӹˣЦ굤ָģ
䳯Ƶ˵ֱӲǼƷ裬Ǹƹûмţҩ١
Ľ뻳ЦűȭãҾˣ
뿪˾ңصԼֱϥ齿ʼˣ⸡Ʒ˴š
굤֮󣬶ʱůڵģǾ񣬷·ŵҩȼˣȼգʢúܡ
֪ƣһ㣬ת߲ݣ糿ϣϵ糿һתҹ
ԭͺһЩƣת죬ҹ֮Ȼ˴롣
Ȼʼתղ񹦣羭ֹһһҹ֮ȫָ
ʱԽǿᣬƶʯٵһĹͷȫ飬ǡ

ˣ䳯ƴоøˡ
վڴСվԱ߾Ĳ
о񣬲Ľƾˣ£ӿʱἷѹԼһ㣬Ƶѹ򵹡
ĽЦЦоؼǻԲշ磬һӾͺˣǿʼɡ
䳯ƵͷҪʲô
ĽֻҪһ侲ҼɣҪ˹š
ţȥɡ䳯ת¥
¥ǰľңźС뿪⣬Ȼ¥˿
䳯ϣĽӰһˣЦתķؼǼתĲܱ䡣
˵Żȼ£ճһͼȻ˼ߣǳָָ㣬˾תֻصķȻоһһ
Ľָָ㣬һȫͬķ˵
ǰʱһĶãԺܾתֻصתֻصķתȻˡ
䳯Ļü룬ۣһ
Ľ⼸Ҳûţ˳Ľ˼·Ҳתֻصķת
ĽķһȣʱѷһС
Ľ˵֮ЦҸĵΣ
ţá䳯ƺߵ
ĽԿɣһԻɵĻһϡ
á䳯ƶ˵ĵͷʼ˹Ľģת
Ƭ̺󣬡ۡһ䳯³һѪĽû䳯ƽ˹һ³һѪ
Ľھڱ仯Ȼһ飬ѾҲ
þңԳͨУʱ忪谭ÿ忪һ谭һѪ
ϸ΢Сʱƽ֪ʱȥ̫ߡ
ĽȻһ϶룬罭ӹСӵУķת˼졣
Ȼְžתֻصķת˼죬֮£ӵ㵽˵Ĳ㡣


280 
䳯³һʱâ˸ʵʵĵ⣬յڴ
Ľƣ΢Цϲˡ
䳯Ťͷһۣлˣ
ĽҡͷЦЦǵ굤ɣ
䳯ƺߵҲ
ĽεĵǺãǷһ飬һҪģڸоΣ
ܺã䳯ƵͷѩƺȻһġ
Ľһӡ͡һһӣĽȻõѽ
䳯ƵЦЦתֻصûô׻ɢ
Ľ̾һС㣡
䳯ƮƮһģӯ˵Ŀ˴кһûһ˿
Ľһƣ͡պһݣ漴ΪһУɢ
ĽͷõڵĲ㣬ãˣ⵶ܺɣ
ţ񡣡䳯ƵͷԺԲƣ
ĽЦŴʦĵֲһֱʧˣ
ô䳯Цеĵ
俴ɴµı飬ȴϲЦ⡣
ĽߵֲأΪ˶Ըҵİɣǲǣ
˵ˣ䳯Цеĵͷ
ĽҡͷЦû뵽Ը𣿡
Ϊʦûһ֮ɣ䳯ƺһҲǸˣ
Ľɴ۾ĪԩҲǺˣ
ߣûһö䳯Ƶ
Ľ⻰˵̫ʦӰɣ빬ʶҲһˣ£
̰ɫ㲻Ǻˣ䳯ƺߵ

ĽԶԣ˵ɫԩȷʵϲ˶Ҳϲһ˿ȷʵǺɫ
һΣεĵҲգԱ֮
лˣ䳯ƺߵ
ĽЦܲԸлһ
˵Ľɫ΢䣬æȸˣ
䳯˵һʧ١
䳯ƿʧķ򣬺һСǹɨϵѪһصѪӸо顣
һֱĽˣԼûʧȴѾңջˣһãȻ˥ߣҩҽֻܵ
֮󣬺ܿҵ֮Һܿ뵽תķףԼԲ
ؼǣ֮ʣֱԼתֻصƵ˵Ĳ㣬һʡԼ
Լתֻص˳ĻĲĹ򣬸οתֻصίʵ̫ѣһѧãڶͿʼѣϼѣĲ˵
Լ߻ħ˸ɣϣ޷ƿתĲ⣬֪ҪòɣȴһԼĲ㣬æ̫û˵ˡ
ҡҡͷ޼һ˵ûΣȴȫͬʵ޷мֻǰŮ𣬲Żˡ
Ľһʧһ֣ȴĪ빬ȴĹ뷿ϣ΢
Ľһ֣̾˿
ĽЦôʲôùô̾
鷳ڻˣ̾˿ѩᶯѾ齣Юŵ㵽Ľǰ
鷳Ľ룬ЦǱʥص˰ɣ
һͷ˵ˡ
šĽüͷһȻ汻˵ˣ
ʦѾˡ̾

Ľüʦ
ҡͷ̾һһûʤġ
Ľüк⣿³ұ𣿡
ҡͷǣȥһ˱ʥء
ĽЦЦҡͷΪΣѲҪѺǻȥʣ
˳ģؼ㡣
ĽЦҡ
Ϣ˵һĴʦԺɣȥʥ͡
Ľüܿ벻ƣ
ҿǺûб˼Ǻ棬ʶһ㡣
Ľ˵ֻܼһඣ
˺ܲܣҡͷ
Ľ̾ľַش̫֮ͷˣǲǣ
Ҳδء֪Ǹǻһǿʣ뱱ʥأ
ĽЦҡͷһ治ϡʲôʥأǵı
ͷ̾Ͳ󣬵ԶʤޣͯΪӦķ
Ľüͷһ£ЦǵҪʶһˡ
ͯǼǿһʩչ⣬Ľлɳˣټ󷨣˼һҲͯĶ֡
ͯΪǾˣ˵˼һҲ򲻹һ˵ˡ
²ܲͷ˵Ϊ̫ˣǻʵʵɣ
Ľ̾˿ͷֻˣ
Ȱ¸ӲʵڲǾӣıû˱ȵù
ĽѹסҪǿһʤġ
ʹʥѹƣɱǣʥȫǴʦһܹԸģҲסʥء

˵ŻĹѾȥ룬ŲĽŤͷ߻
ͷֶնյģģԲС۾һźЦţеȣԭŵȺǰӣ뵱ͷһȣеģ߲ʡ
߶࣬һɲŭڣлĽǰ
Ȼ΢Цλǰλ޼ɣ޼ɣҸܣλǻʻǰǰ컪ǰ
Ľȭ΢ЦǰǰǰС޼ɣ
ǺǣӢ۳갡ʴЦС۾һ𼸺ˣЩɳƣЦ޼ɣʮ˴ʦ˹Žδй£
Ľ΢ЦԵɺϣ͵ˣʵڲʲô£ǲ
ʺǺЦСֵ߯ʦûнңľҲûãСֵдʦľδ
ĽҡͷЦǰˣҵ
ЦǰٿСѾûߣٿͷ
ʢһҲûʲôҶǴ߹ʰڰЦҶСֵȷʵý
ĽҡͷЦǫ飬һԲֻǶĽ·Ҫ¿ͨ͸
Ľ뻳ʺ˼䣬Ľǵ⡣
ЦǷ˳Сֵȥ͡
ĽЦеĵ
ЦŶﶼбʥأʵһǣڣᷣǷ֮Сֵܹȥ͵ġ
Ľºڳƽɣ
ǺǣСֵܵĴ˳У棬СֵǰȥͣǺÿ͵ġЦ
ĽͷԭˣһƬ⣬ˣ֪һǲǷȥɣ
ŶЦС۾Сֵѵȥ
Ľҡͷǲ룬߲
ѽʵͷҲǿֻСֵˡ
ĽЦ˰ɣλʵ
ЦСֵܣãΧ̫ΣգƵǷСֵƽִġ

޼ɣȻڳʢ룬ȥɣܲܲڳӣǲǣ
Ľ̾˿ҶԱʥѾãҲȥðɣҾһˣмҪλǰԵȼ죬Σ
ʺǺЦúãʲô¾ܰ졣
ĽǾλǰˣ֪СӾкֵڳ࿴ģ
ЦеĵСֵǵһˣԲʮ֮ﵽʦ磬Ƕܺ档
ĽЦ˵Ҳɣںϴ򶷣һСһߣ߼ҪΪԣҽɱ˴ߣ֮Ϊ˴ʦ
ߣС۾һ
Ľһ˺ϱʮɣ޴ұΪɣɻʦڣֻƴȫ
ţܾһ£һֺ˫ƣ׽ѣǽʦĹؼ
Ľͷº룬ҲǹؼпɱʱȫݷǱ
ôߣǰ˵ʱû˵߾ֻ˵ߣһΪû೤أ
ĽЦ˵̫ˣǲ˵Ϊ
ʵͷ̾ϢҪɾˣϧϧҲǽɣɱ̫¡
Ľ˵ֻǸ˵ģûʦ뻹Ҫʮ꣬
⵹ǣ˼ʮˡҡͷΪˣľٵˣȻܽʦʵʦҲûʲô

Ľüͷһʦûʲô
ЦѼһʦڱĳǣʦǣΪ棡
ĽЦѲµĴʦ˱ĳǣ
Ǻǡ⻰Щţ䲻˵µĴʦǱĳǣһǵǱģϵƲСӣЦ
Ľüͷһ֮жٹңֻ֪ӣιӣЩң治֪ˡ
ʵͷЦ⵹Ҳǣ̫û߱飬һ߹Ѿ˲ã
Ľǰ˼ڱĳһĴڣ
ʵȻֹǱĳǣǳǣǣǣǣһʦ
Ľ֪Ϊ˴ʦΪΪķɣ
ЦеĵЩ˽㽫Ҳ֪˵˵Ҳ޷ΧʥʦܹǿΪ֮⣬ʦǿΪֻܿʱĻۣʱ䣬Ҫһ¥Ǳ룡Сֵ˵δء
Ľͷʥ
ЦСֵܵ˱ȴʶһ¾ǣǺǡʱСֵܲ뿪ĳˣ
Ľ֪жԶ
ԶҲûϸǴӱߣһһ¡
ÿ춼Ṧһĸ·Ľ
ʵͷ
˿ôԶ
ʦʩչṦ·ȱ죬ƳݽߣϢһӣһǧһֱһ£ڳ˵Ҫ꣡
ЦðɣǱĴԶҪһųɡ
Ц޼ɣ㻹Ҫúðһ£һһȥأ
ʵðźˣпСֵܲˣ
Ľŵͷãһᰲ׵뻳ǰǰǰҼ죡
Ǹ·Ҳ۵ùǺúЪ졣Цаֵźˣ͵³ǰɡ
³ҡĽһۣ¶Ц
ʿЦôвף
Ľ̾˵³Թ϶
ѽʵûϵУɸΪ񲯣
ĽͷǾͻǰˡ


281 
Ϊ³ҵĳܽ⿪Ͼɱ³ôˣӣҲȥˮ
˵űʥصƣѹ³ҵԹޣ³ǿ𱱻ʥСˡ
ȸ뿪˸ƹ䳯˵һҪȥʥأһӲܼˡ
䳯üڴʥأ
˵ĽЦ
䳯ͷŴˣϧûʸȥ
Ľʸ񣿡
ʥأΨдʦʸ롣䳯̾˿ɨһۡ
ĽüͷǷǴʦȥأ
ߣǴʦȥ䳯ҡͷ
ĽΪΣ
䳯ƺһʥλڴԭϣΧҰ޶಻ʤܱʥصӰ죬ǳø׳ʵԶʤ𴦵ҰޣǴʦûܿʥرҰ޵Ķӣ
ĽЦҰޣ
ߣһĴʦûо飬ҲóȻ̤ԭ䳯ҡͷһˣȰ㻹
ĽЦЦʥصһȥĻҲϵصġ
˭ˣ䳯ưһۣι޶ӣҵˣ
ĽЦǣҲҶˣһ𣬻бʥص˱ġ
Ը˰ɣǿɿ䳯ʡ
ĽЦŵͷΪ뺦ҵĻô鷳ֱҾˣ
䳯Ƶʱ
Ľҡҡͷǰȥ£Ļĸ£Ļܴһӣ̫ãʹҪҲߴһ
䳯Ƴһۣʦһȥʥأһ㲻ҿҲˡ
ĽЦģǣҡ
䳯ûĺһǵҲǣķ˶书Ҫ
ĽǺЦ֪ߣҲ

˵һĽ뿪һ쾩Ķ¸ֱӳڶ¾СԺ
¾һ֣ܹ
Ľһѽ뻳ݣ۰һľ˵һ飬ûἰԼˣֻ˵Ҫȥһ˱ʥأҪһӲŻ
ʥأ¾Ťͷ
ϸµӽߣĽͷʥɳλʦңݾܾ
ϲ¾Ц绨
ʥʥأĴµģȻ֪ʥصڣΪʦܽʥأнʥǴʦʥأȥ˱Ļᡣ
ʥǴʦã¼䲢ÿһʦл뱱ʥصģҪһһ츳
Ľܹʥ룬ʵϵңһϲ£Ȼ
ĽЦЦҲʶһ±ʥأ˵ãۼһҪһġ
ѽܽȥòʥ˵ǴʦĺڣҲΣء¾
Ľͷ˵ˣҰ޺ǲǣ
ǡ¾ͷĪΪҰޱСˣҰĽȻͬٱ
ĽЦãһСĵģ
¾룬ŤŤӣĽſЦԵȣ
Ľôˣ
¾صЦЦƮƮӣһ̯覵һƿ
ǡĽЦʡ
š¾ǰһݣȥ
ʲô˵ĽЦŰοӣǼѩ覵ĵ裬СĴָ״С
¾ЦѩԪĵҩҩܰԵָܻԪʡ
ĽЦʦ
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Ľһ£ͷðɣҾȡ
¾Ц绨Ҿͷܣգûʲôĵģ֮뵽ţҾ֪
Ľڻף͵ĶĥһĽ뿪˶¸صڡ

ѩСͤﾲĺȲ裬ճĽէһ֣Ťͷ΢ü
Ľʦ㣬ҹеġ
ѩѩҪȥȥ
ʥءĽ
ѩü˿ͷҪȥô
Ľͤǰ£ʥңܲȥȥʵ
ѩز
ĽЦȻҪģʦһˣ
ѩҡҡͷ̾ڶ㡣
ϲʦ㣡ĽЦʵѵã
ѩ̾ʲôֵùϲģһҪƹˣʱߣ
ĽϱҪˣﻹʲô£òܰġ
ֲǻزƾͨȥʱѻסѩЦһ£ҡͷҲûʲôľǡ
Ľͷҽһ£ɲΪ˶ܡ
ѩһҡͷ㲻˵ãôһ˵Խ϶Ƕܣãܲٹˣ
Ľϲˣ
ѩͷ˰ɣҲùܲ㡣
ĽƺǺЦ쿪ۣȥʦùɣƶ˵н
ȥȥɣѩڰС֡
ĽȭЦЦһʧСͤһʱѾǣҵ˺˵һ
һΣͷβ˵һһ
ģɸʤǹúģĽĻüһ²ǻ£һ⡣
ĽһȻ뿪

ĽУǰںƮƮУⱼΧ羰һӶ
˺ĴܣʱѾԭĽ̾ȻȻ棬ط
ԭȺĴԭ߼ʣҲԭûе·̲ݳ֡
ⲻýвԭýв֣ݳñ˻ߣ˶ŲҼӣǰ̲ˣһ紵
Χƽ̹һ󣬿ʼʱûã˺ɳĮе˾
ԭϸû·ǰ˺ϵ·磬һ·ϼУʼʱ̸Ц£˵һ˵£˺һֱͣЪĸ·Щˣһ±ʹΪʦҲоƣ߸о
Ľû̫оΪûǰ񣬿˵ģΪǿᡣ
һˣ壬ԽǿᣬǼ񣬶ǿᣬһ·û̫ĸо
ףĽüŤͷ
ĽЦߣ
ɫ΢䣺ߣ
ĽЦеĵͷһֻǱΧˣ
ɫ䣬ߵĶ
ǴʦŮˣѸŮ˵ıԣһߣɵƤ񣬻š
ĽҪ˵ͣХУƹˣһĳ
顭УƹΣȴӤ۴֣ԼһɣȻִȴޱظУ磬һزݴԡ
Ľüͷû뵽߾һĵһ㣬ûǡ
Ҳüߵļһ
ĽҪ
üͷóٶ̫졣
ĽЦʱһڶ

˸˵꣬ƹٴ磬˲䵽˽ǰĽ˫ֽӡϺһ裡
˰ըɢȥ֮ƹһֳͣΣɭɭĺ
ĽֶϺһ
һߴ磬Ϣȴĵȥ
Ľ¶ЦݣֶΣ
ߵЩһòˣ
ŤͷĽĵͷЦСֵֶܺΣҲЩ߱û취ÿξһǱ
ĽЦǰҲʰǣ
ɡҡҡͷֱˣǼʯһȥ˲ţǱˣ׷Ҳ׷ϡ
ĽͷЦǵǽƻ
Цеĵû뵽λĬǲҲ
ĽЦҲǴģǰлˣ
лʲôЦеĵС۾Ҫ￴ˡ
ĽǻǰֶΣ³Ҳưոݡ
ʰڰ֣Цеĵ³Ҳʲôһλʥصܹ³ҵĶݣ鲻ЩҲûˣ³֪ȤٲҪһ±ʥصĿ˵Ҫˡ
ĽЦ³ЩǺ޼ɣ̵ľǱʥصƣʵһˡ
ԸǱˣǱʥصǲ裬Ҳϧݱ˰ܻЦ
ĽЦҿ³ҼǸˣ׵ġ
ǾٺòҲиʰ³ңҲΪѡʵͷЦϾһ˿ڵġ
Ľͷá
ߣ˵ֱ˾ǣαô鷳
Цҡͷִ̫ţûдʦ۽磬ڴʦϣһʶ
ĬȻŤͷܣȻһָһ죬һƹĽµ䣬һ͵Ϯ

Ľ󳪣ĽศǻߵĿǣߣԽԽ࣬ԽԽܡ
֮ĻƹԲСıбҧϵΣգĽЩ߶ƿʦǿǸǰûУһڱҧˡ
ΪϾߣ񵴣һɣȴҲɱЩɱʤɱ׷ˡ
ȴרɱߣĽ壬ûɱû̾ѣȴĽ
Ľ巶ΧڷԲһɣǲûȥӰ죬󳪵ֱһ㣬Ϊȴܲˡ
ȴͬĽӰ죬ʵĽΪ֮ҲǸ˵̫ӡ
һ·ļǻʿ뿴ΪΣʦоܸо˴˵Ϊ࣬ʮ׼ȷΪһС
ĽṦǹĿ࿴Ľ󳪣ԽĽĪ⣬Ϊһ㣬˵һϺȾľ
ԽԽĻӿγһƬ鿴ͷҪȥֻܴշɹȥЩ߶ܷɣʹɵҲأ˾
ÿλǾСһС汻ҧϣûȣЩߵĶ̫ңԽҩѾ
Ľһһ֮
ͷưġ
ǰСˣĽһƮƮŲҼУ˫ֽӡٴһɮۣһõɮɡ
衭૵ȴͭӴ
Ƕʱ׷ͣͣȻ׹ݴǳûӣȻǷӦȻ
СֵܣֶΣ̾
Ľ΢Цҡͷȡɰˡ
һã̫̫
Ľͷȷʵܳ־á
Цܳ־õĻǾ̫ˣ
ĽĵǶͣҪͣסŲ弫Ϊˡ


282 ʥ
ǱģָŶֺƴľ޳ǣĽЦһԺ顣
飬ΪǱһ·ϵļձȥʱʤʹΪʦΪģҲָͷ
Ľͷ̾һ޳ǣ
ȴ࣬ûз˪֮ɫȻö࣬ĽߣѩһȾ
䣬ҡͷ̾ϢСΪһ㣬ȴ޷죬
ǰã˼һҲԼĶ֣һ·ϵɱı˿ֵĻԼ治Ƕ֡
ؼ̫Ĭұ˴˶ԶԷ书ָƣʦＸûġ
ʦǶһ֮Уͬʱʦܹ˴Ĭ
ĽĳִɣһˣʵΪĽͨҴľ
һ˲˵ҲʩչܣֱͨȻĬʮ㡣
ҲĿ˸ĽĽʵǿʹǼƹˣʱҲãֲΪĲ֣࣬ȴԼ˶Ƕˡ
ĽŤͷǰǵΪڱһΣ
룬ЦĻѰĵ׶ˣ֣Ρ
ĽȻĻǲԻ
ǺǣأλûܰĿһӣƾλʣֱܷ׷
ĽͷǾлǰˣ
ЦĵĴʦһǱǱľһլӣλҪһ𣿡
һ׼ɡ
һ׾ǡЦ˴ʦһڱһլӣҪһŬɱС˱ģ
ĽЦҿ˲书Ϊǿ
ЩͨˣĲȫǴʦʵ
ͨܽ뱱ģ
Цеĵһ̹;ϵĻҲʦķޱȣյĶǸʤ֣

˵Żߣͨ޴ֺĳţ̤˱ĳǣʱãã˺
Χ֯Сˣɷһ֪úܸ㡣
㾰ĽԱĳǴк棬棬֪ģò
˴Ľߣӿһլǰдš֡
Цλȵһ£ҽȥһ
Ľͷ͡
ʲҡͷô
ԲƮˣû˿أĽȻͬûɭϵĽ䱸ѰլԺһ㡣
Ľۣ֮ľ񣬻ֱߣһǰһӣæµ
ֱӵ룬һλߺ׷ͯգ΢Цͷ
ĽæջĿ⣬ʧȴ֪ԼǳǳΪβ书
ԼۣλѾﵽز¶ľ磬ԼΪ䲻ǿǿᣬӦܲǡ
СųЦеĵֵܣ룡
Ľͷٲ̤ţĽɨܣûлƽլԺûʲô
ĽŤͷЦǰΪû
һ漴Цȷʵûлġ
ǾͲ˲ڳĽü
Цвֱ븮˵αزڳ
˭ܽĽ
ǵǡҡͷЦֻдʦܹ룬һֻڳ˾
˾ĽЦʡ
˾ǳڣֻҪʲôֱȥ˾ҳ˵Իᰴж˾лʵ

˵ŻĹ򣬻ʴĽ˴߾ٲȭǺЦ޼ӣϷ̾
Ľȭ
Ľϸǰĳ̾޳ò񳣬ͨͨһλˣü԰ȴ淺⣬Ȼġ
ôô书ģʵڹ죬̬ȷʵۣ崺硣
̾Ľ飬ǺЦλɻΪϷû书
ĽͷЦСԭΪλʦȴû뵽
Сֵܣ㻹ˣ书һЦеĵز¶ˣСֵΪԶԿǱĵһأ
ĽȻЦԭˣС׳ˣ
ֲòػȴǶʵţĵһ֣Լҿصһβ¶ɼߡ
̾׺ǺЦһֿɲҵǱĲԻ֪λĵһ֣Ϸ򲻹ߵԶһЩˣӣ
˸£ֱ̾ĽˣһۣЦȻ٣
ĽЦΪԶﴫҲǴʦɣ
Ϸǰһֱš̾΢Ц֮Щؾǹ޷ȥʦʮ֮ɾͣӤʮ»̥Żһ޷ͻƵģû뵽Ӳأᣬʵ˾̾
ĽЦˣҲһͣ¡
̾ڰֺǺЦ⻰ɾͲˣʦ޽ңʹҲͲʦһƿˮ˵ľʹһƿӣʦľһƿӣƿӽȻͬĴСʹעˮһƿӾôˮٶҲûãǲǣ
ĽЦ١
̾Ц˵ܳɾʹʦؼľССͣдʦľϷʵں棡
ĽЦеĵС˵С޻ۣţ
޻ۣ̾һȻЦԭˣ

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޻ֻ֮ʣһ䲻ʧûȫʧܼһ֡̾Цֲ˾磬ȴ޻£
޻֮ˣĽȻ
û뵽̹Ȼ˿ûлɣҲûо֮ɫ޻֮һ㡣
̾ͷϷһλɮΪɲ⣬ȴҲ޻֮ˡ
ĽЦԭˣŵܹ֮һ߼ļ䣬Ⲣ¡
˵ӻǾͨ𷨵ģ̾Ц
ĽЦŵͷ֪һҵɶʦһλУҴСµӣĳɾͣ
ֲùֲã̾ЦԭǷˣʧʧ
Ľ΢Цһ޷𷨣ȴûڹ쳾ĥҲһ
̾ͷ̾Ϸǳʶˣ
Ľλɮ֪ڣ
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Ľͷǣݼһʥմʦ
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̾ҡҡͷʥմʦûãǲˡ
գգСۣҡͷǾûˣ

ĽõĻǷҵ򵽣˴ʦ磬书·ߵ˾ͷϴó
רעھʦ֮ϣĽûǾķŲڷţ㣬ʦѾ壬ʣµӦˡ
οĿģ˽Թƽʥſܡ
Ľʥմʦʱ
һɡ̾ʥմʦٳչؾޣֻϷǷ֮ÿ߶һΡ
һꡭĽҡҡͷЩȲˣһʱ俴Ỵ̂ʵܹؼʱ򣬿ܾͲһͻƲˣԪľ̾
̾ЦӣϷɰﲻæˣҪڱסһӣһһΪ˹ˣ˵ٵΪǣлȥ¡
Ľͷֻˣл
̾ڰЦϷӣα˵лգϷϰӷϴ
ĽæͲ˰ɣ
ҪҪģﶼֵܾúţæЦ
Ľһ£ͷǾͳˣ
̾Цؿ˱ģҾһˣҴʦ֮ҲûʲôĶԹĵĿֻһΪһףΪĴڣڸСԹʵڲֵһᣬУ⣬Բ̫нģ
ĽЦŵͷǡ
̾һͨлʴųȻǶߣһլǰͣ¡
ûʵĴլռضʮĶΪɣһĽԱҲһһģġ
լӣֵѡָլЦ˭˭Լѡɣǲ⣬ѡһǡ
ĽЦס߰ɡ
áͷ
ñĳǣһֱĬţܸܵ䣬ȴҲûʲô˼ΪʦܲסҲ߯ǳˡ

԰ˮϣĽȻԵá
ǵĺ԰һϽˮ̨ͤ£ӿ䡣
˵Ǵ죬ȴѾš
ΣĽЦ
ͷ²յڣֲôʦ֮ͣ
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ĳиأԣȴ⴫ѧܴˣȻЩѧһţǾû˹ˡ
ЩѧԴʦԣֻǲοòΪ˴ʦĲΣѾЩˡ
ʦĹؼǿƣ书ǿûãʦ磬ǿ书Ҳʩչ
ˣ
Ľҡҡͷһʥմʦ
һϺУЦһ£ѲҵУҿඡ
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ûĵǣҲ֪ŷƤûзǡ
Ľҡͷǡǡ෴Ƥ࣬
Ц
ĽʵϺУҵƽʥ֮
šȻЦ㲻ʥôƽ֮
Ľҡͷһ˶Թˡ
ҵƽʥ֮ܽʹʵ϶úһˡ


283 ʥ
ʵ۵ԹһֱУ޷ȴؼ޿κΣʹڽ䱸ɭϣµĸɮЮʥѹȥֲ˺ãֻһʱ֮պһᱨ
һֱŬԼΪΪ˶𷨣ͽǿѰ֮
иɮʱһƹƽʥѹƣƾΪʹɱ˴ʵۣҲԱƾĴŲͨʹʦҲ
ĻΪΪǿˣһжӦж⣬бķԼ
ɴʦ£ֵݾ֣Բá
ǿҲҪʱۣһһ㣬Ļȣպ֮
ʦͬҪʱ䣬ֻܰ±ĳ嶯һǿʵԼƼҵļʵһ鷳΢һڶ
Цȥ¿ûôףðչȥ
Ľ룬ҡҡͷҵһȣʵȥ١
ЦѣЩʦÿһǿǣǼȻȥҲ
Ľͷİɣһе֪֮ġ
ɱ˼ʦ;ôʦˣǿҪԴˣ
ĽЦİɣġ
ܾ쵽ж
Ľҡͷ̾˿Ī⣬ţǸ֮ҹǴﵽһ硣
Ĳ书ɣ
ĽҡͷҿܸоΣա
ҲָоСͷûˣȷʵλ֣֪ܲǾ硣
ȥʤưɡĽЦ
ͷǵΪڱʤȻҲҪȥģ̫Σˡ
ĽЦ˫޵У
ЦҪ𣿡
ĽͷһҲиӦ
ҾĸඡȻЦ

ϲμ˳ᣬǸǽӷϴʢ磬ʮʦ
Ľ֪ʦȻ֮࣬ÿһλʦǿԼͯĲΡ
ǣʮʦǱĳǽܳģʦ
Ľֻ˽ǣ۽֮࣬Ҳ˷ܷ֮ģ޲ʵС
˵֮ΪһʥѩأҰ޴ԳΣյúܣÿɱһͷҰޣǿһʵ
֮ΪҰ޼ΪŹ֣𴦵Ұ޲ͬҰɱɱˣһʬףҰ֮ȴʬףʧ٣ȴһϢᱻɱա
ݳԣⱱʥһ޴ޱȵȻ󷨣ҰҰޣûѪ֮ǹʵˣΨдʦһʦ¶޿κΣżһ
Щ޻ûԣûǣֻ֪ܣܵĸоʦ֪лܶһʦܳҪѪ⣬Ӷ
ʦĻһˣҴʦ˴֮Ҳй˼ɣöԷ֪ʵ˽ʥ
ĽЩԣĹһ
Щ޵ıǿǿԼģֻܲĲŻܳԴʦϵޣǿԼģһСģᱻʰˣЩڱʥеĴʦûһҲаʮνʧء
ʹˣдʦִ˲ƣͨʥΪ
ϢķܹΪããٸϢķҲǣĸܵʦʵΪϵԽ뱱ʥ޽ֻ֮浶ʵǹͨӲɱԵΪá
ʥƴޱȣû֪ʹҲδȫȫòֻ֪ԽߣԽΣգԽǿ
ڱʥؼı֪ѶˣĻһգ˵ûʹ˽УһޣҲȫˡ

ĽһǰããѩأΧǱɽǱǰ߲͸߾Ө͸˸Źâ
һʱʱ̾ίʵټȻĹ治Ƿó
ĽһֱɫΧĻȷʵһȻľ޴󷨣һУʱʧϵ
Թʹ̤ʥһƽҲʧֻбʥ
̤ȥܹɵĳ룬Ļһݽȥ治֪ƽ⡣
ӴȻ󷨣Ϊƽⲻˣ̤ʥ֮һ糣ٻָ˸о񼸷֡
̾ϢʥеŨԶʤ棬ʹޣҲʥء
ϧʦ֮ûķ޷ŨĻ٣ȴʲôˡ
ʦ֮£ʥأϧʦ֮´ﲻʹдʦҲΣա
Ťͷ̾ʥ֮ƣ
Ǵʱվһɽۣ֮һ壬ʤա
ĽЦտŻãҲһһɫв㡣
ɫ˾ģɫؽ覣ȴǲῴҲûʲôŹǣ
ĽǺЦСңƷ羰Ҫвſɣʱ򻹲֪ף˼羰
߰ɣЦ
ƮƮɽ壬һ·УĽȻͣסҲȻֹ˲
ǰվһͷС¹ԼһֻɽСվһϣ峺ˣɰ
ƯС¹̾
ĽЦǵ鷳ˣ
Цԣںѹ󣬿Сһк֮ϣ治Ķأ
ĽСģСһɲöԸ
оëȻϴʦҲû㣬񵱳ͯһоʵڲ
ҲˣСľǣ

Ľü񾫽٣ǿܹݰ׷ΧС¹ķΧ֮ڣȴоһ磬ķ磬鶯֮׽ס
ʹ򲻵ҲãС¹ʮ㣬Ʈ磬ܼ֡
ٿһС¹ǰ֣ҪС¹Ӵһ£һѡ
СģĽȵ
飡һ죬һֱֱ󻬳ɣΪǱһӣϵıѩ
ղ֣ƣС¹ȴһ磬һ׹˷Ӧ죬Ȼһ¾ͻΪˡ
ĽЦſɰʵûĵģҲá
ҲϲС¹ĴƯģС¹̫Σգ˵ڱʥԽƯޣԽΣա
ǧҪָǻǰǵǵΪҰݣ˻Ұ
Ľ䲻ȫţȴҲףЩƯСǼΣյģûӥġ
顭С¹Ϊһ⣬䵽ǰһһ׹ƯĿ
ȴû˼ΪǱĻӶ䣬һһ£ÿһ¶Ҫ˺ɣת۹˵Ľߡ
ĽûС¹Ķ죬Ʈ磬Ҳ뷴ϧĶ̫죬ƵϾֻܶܡ
С¹죬³İ׹죬磬һҲǱ
ƳĽûֵ˼С¹ĶԺӦı仯
С¹ƮĪ⣬һ磬޷ĥȻѲһûĽĻ
ĽƣҪսʤҪʤһɱĻ򲻹Ҳӣһ

顭һУͣĵˣú޻֮
ĽڿţȴѾܲס޼ɣϽ֣
ĽЦҪƴˣ
һ⺮̫Ź֣Ʋ
Ľˣ
áæӦ
С¹ſɰɴȴý³ĺһ޷ȫȥתסʹתԽٶԽԽôȥҲסһ
ĽһС¹һĳƿսУƻС¹顱һ죬С¹ػΪһȻѣƮݵ³һ׹⡣
ĽһʧٴγС¹һĳС¹ٴһٴλΪĽһƻУѣͬʱһƬ׹⡣
һƬ׹⻯γһƬԲĽʱһͣü˼³һĺ³
ھԦʹΪã⺮⣬ɽתǿᣬһ߶ķתʱ仯ȥ⡣
жķޱȣЩĵס
޼ɣΣе
ĽЦȻ
ҪҪҰæ
Ľٵȵȣ
һٴʧС¹Χңңһ顱һС¹ȴʧĽһ³һ׹⣬ޱȣǰʱ켸֡
Ľһʧ׹ӰӣһС¹һĳС¹ʧֳһ׹⡣
һһ˸κ֣һ㣬ۻңզ࣬ղŻС¹飬㣬Լɰ˼¡
ó³İ׹⣬ȸղԼö࣬Լ˼¡
ĽС¹֣δʤ

Ľüһ˸ΣС¹Ӳƴ³ĺԽԼ˼£ʵڲռˡ
ͣ׹һٿĴС¹ǡڲϣС¹һͣΪһȻѣС¹³һ׹⡣
Ľü׹һС¹δüûٴһֻΪһͣסѣƮȴ͸˼֡
Ľ׹һҪæе
׹һʧɵصģĽͣסŤͷƮС¹ǰ֡
С¹Ӿλ˻Σ֡
ĽҡҡͷȴûС¹ʵôҲΣգصģʵڲֱ뿪پҲ٣о
֣յС¹촽ǰĽĿ£С¹ȴûСͷ³ͷġ
ĽҡҡͷЩʦĻʵ̬⣬С¹ΪУɱܸܵõҲܸܵõ
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Ľͷ㣬ǳʥ
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Ľ£һ뿪ʥŨǡ
ɣŰɡ
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ô죿޼һзӣ
ĽЦҪС¹𣿡
ɰߵһҪ


284 
ĽһңҲûа취ʥǱܣ棬ƾűɲ̫һӡ
˵ѽӣе
ĽҪǻķӦòࡣ
ķȻüķȴ֪޼һаɣ
ĽͷеС
һ£˵ķһ쳣ڴʦνʦ£
Ľգȿľʺϲʺϡ
úáæͷ
ĽߵС¹ǰС¹һĵĽæǰĽǰС¹ֺˡ
æ󱳣Ľ֣ͬʱɢϢ
ĽǰҪɱסˣʱͷϢҲȫţֻǺĵ
ĽЦСһﻹͦԵģǳɵģԲĵն񡣡
ǽУʵһ𣬵һʦɱȣ˵Ӵ󣬽ĺ
̫ˣ
ĽҡͷЦƴˣ
˵ʲôһۡ
Ľε̾û뵽֣ҪɱޣҪޣĳɳɹɶһ
Ľƣüģᰴˣһ
УĽͷĽһ壬塣
Ƭ̹Ľƣü
ʡ
Ľŵͷľ򵥣ֻһһһһ
ǿϰķʡ
ĽҪúһ룬еѶȡ
úɡæ
ĽС¹Ҳͷһ
һӣĻ̌ͷӦòˡ
Լģ
ĽͷҰҵķһ¡
ܳɰɣɵ
ĽüͷһҪ
ðɺðɣû˵촫ɡæЦ
ĽһʲôĪң
ٷϻϽİɣ

ĽС¹ͷһûֿĽϣĽ΢С¹һ£Ȼ۲Ȼ󻺻ΪһֱӽĽֶϡ
ĽһƬ̺ϵĶȥɿ֣С¹ıҲڻٿһ»Ϊһͷֻ¹ϡ
ĽЦЦѧˡ
úáüЦС¹ӡһΪһʧԶ
æС¹ȴһգʧˣüһеڶʱС¹Ѿʧˡ
ĽǺЦҡҡͷ
ĿɿڴС¹ʧķĽЦ˰ɣߡ
üӦѽ
ĽЦûʲôӦòӦõģϾ࣬һ뷨߰ɡ
ҡͷҲţһģ
Ľһ£̾ˣһȰɡ
ϥһεĴϣϢƬ̣Լһյ蹦һóС¹Σϵһ֥
ѹȻС¹ͷǣ֥ŵǰӡ˼
üЦǰסӣһȣʧϲ޲ð§ڻﲻſˡ
Ľ飬һɵģûʲô磬羫ϸɡ
ûжС¹֥ŵϣЦЦְ֥С¹ҡҡͷ
С¹ӡְ֥¹Ҫá
ĽЦ˵¿ˣ˰ɣ
һ۵һС¹أҿɲġ
Ľ⵹δأ֥Ϊʳûôģؿģֱӳ˾ǣ
ɡҡͷͬ⡣

һ¹һҾܣĽҡͷΣȴٶ˵վһԿ֣ջˡ
Ľ֥ڴŨ֮ӵѵãǸϽ˰ɣҿ²ɵġ
ðɣһһ룡
ĽҡҡͷģҪˣݣȳɡ
С¹һԼεĵðɣȳ
һƬ֥꣬ŵʱɫһ죬һ㣬ֱϥѩ˹Ϣ
ĽɫǺ죬ȻԽǣԽԽǿԼаʱһ۾һ纮硣
ĽЦϲˡ
ĺ绺أЦ֥
ĽΣ
ҳһЩܲ𣡡޼ɣҲһƬ
ĽͷһƬ֥ݸĽЦŽӹЦ֥֥ɲͬ
Ӧúܾˡ
Ľһ֥һС¹б۾ԼʧЦ֥켴Ƭ̼лΪһը
Ľɫһ죬æ˹Ϣ鸮ʱһԺһˬ
ۣЦ֥
һ֥֮þȷʵ鵤ҩһҩɼ
Цû뵽֥
ĽǼ񵽱
֪㴫ķܲܳɡǵĵ
Ľҡҡͷǹңˣȥһƣã´δҩǣųɱ޸ãɵñܣܱ֪û֪˷
ðɣǳȥ

˴С¹ߣûǰֳһֻͻԼ˳ŵվһϣͨѩ覣Ψһ˫챦ʯһ㣬⡣
ĽüС¹ȴһüһɱ
Ľͷ˻ɱʵʣɱΪĺ壬ֱӽĺ׹ѡ
ɱ˲ٵĴʦĽʵоɫ
ԸҪС¹
ĽͷСģöԸ
һʧԭأһڰ׻һưа׻󱳣顱һ죬׻һ˦βͣײĽġ
Ľһüɷ뺮һγɶصֱĵף衣
æ޼ɣô
ĽҡҡͷСĵйŹ֣Ӳã
׻һ˵ǰһ磬ĽӦʱ䣬Ľһʧ
飡Ľһƻ߲
׻ŭһΧ·˼֣ĽüٶȻˣһ࣡һ죬εƿʧָ糣
ⲻһһѾһغϣĽüֻ׻ľǿѷԼһѡ
ء׻һٴһˣһʧ
Ľü֮۴֮ȴ׻ϸĸӦԸӦɫ
飡Ȼתһģ׻צײһֱֱ񱻾ľУڱϻһס
׻ͻأ֣գüְС¹°׻Ȼ˹
Ľһһʧٴγڰ׻󣬰׻һʧĽһĳ顱һ죬׻֣߼䰤һơ
ĽƷƿս⣬ֱӿգûпռ谭һĿ꣬谭
ԭ׻Դȴϣ׻ٶ̫졣

顭
ءءء
ͣĽ׻սһţĽԽĳɷ뺮ĽϣҪȥ޷⡣
Ԧ֮һҲжȥתȥһȴɣ׻֮ɷϣγп֮С
һӦսһ˼ƽ֮Ȼ뵽˻羭ķһתһ䣬Ƶ˸ۻ룬·һᣬһ̫յգΧı롣
ĽһƴǣΧڣһ̤һʧ漴ڰ׻ߣһӡ¡
顱һ죬׻βཻһУˮ
ء׻һѩ覵βӡһںӡ档
ŭ͵һԾʧٴγĽԾ֮ƣƱңһǰ
ĽŤͷӭϣ˫ĳһӭһֻצӡ
飡Ľһ˫˱Уûϥǲ֣һԾ
С¹Ŀţû뵽Ľ㣬һˣһķʱĽȻͬ
ʵźΧһϱ羭ķĽѾ壬ֻṳ̂һѡ
ʱʩչʦ֮ΧȻ޿ײ룬һȴϱ
׻֮ɱ˼λʦѪɷǿȴҲܲס羭һơ
ˣ羭ڱ𴦿ûôʱʩչȴǷĽľǿᣬʹ羭ѹ˰׻

ءءء׻С¹֮ͬСɡ
羭ޱȣĽ״һһӲ׻һˣÿһ£ڰ׻һںӡ
׻ʹ̣ԸңԽʹԽǿ񱩣֪η壬ҪɱĽɣǱ֣ٶԽԽ졣
üС¹ĽǣĽռϷ磬һ׻ץס֮ǡ
׻ŭɷԽңС¹˺󼸲ʱһ
ɷʵʣ֮׹УΪʦ֣׹Ҳûʲôоָоǲ书Լ׹һ㡣
һѳɷΧӺоĲͬһ֮ʱĽ
Ľһվԭأ׻ͣԾ˫ӭϣã׻ǰһһҪԻĽĽӦ죬ͷӦ˫ӭϡ
˺׻ҲˣˣֱӲ˶ϣĽ˫ƻأ˳һŤβͳ
ѩ׵βڿзž죬ƺգĽ˫ӭϣͰԵ
顭УĽ˫뻢βཻװը죬Ľӡ
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飡һ죬ֱֱɳȥ
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ķɵӺζ߷ӣޱġ


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ĽһصڣᲨڷѩСԺһ֣ѩ֣һϮѩԽף·ʳ˼̻
ʦ㡣ĽЦдѩ񣬵ǹ绨
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Ľ֮ҪȡʦغһǿǿȡģĵĻȡΨдӴʦϻȡ߽ʥɱޡ
ôдҲûʲôˣѩʡ
һֱĽʦôΪʦЩãȻ֪룬֪ˡ
һж˾ͷʲôҲûˣ޷ԼʦΪ
Ľͷд裬Ҳ޶ȣľӼԽ죬ǿһЩЩϸ֦ĩڣǿΪĻֻһ·Щϸ֦ĩҲܹؼʱʦЩϸ֦ĩڿܾɰܣ
ҴɱʦѩҡͷЦ
ڵʵʦΪɱǸɱ˼ң¼ʦҲôҲҲ˵ʦ֮Ĵɱ
ĽЦʦֻȥʥˣҵ˲οϧҳˣʦ㣬㹻һΪˣ
ҡҡͷʵû뵽ѩȻʦǻϲеɬо֡
ʦܣһжķԸѩ̾
Ľֱӳŷѩһʧڣص˱ʥС
дŲͨΪִɿңԶ룬С
ʦ㣬ʥȡɣΪҪնɱޣ޷æɱҲûáĽ
Թһ㣬޵ľԼ˼һ㣬ںǿߣԼִޣһʦ㣬ʹɱˣʦҲûʲôջûʲôá
ֻصĪ빬С¹æŪһݳʦá
޼ɣʦɹĵģûĵ
ԼСϣѩĽСڡ
ĽЦǵȻʦ¾ҵ£Ƿһ飡
ߣȻˣǱˣߵ


288 
ĽЦ͵ȹҩˣλʦǱ޴󣬸֮ϣ˵һ㾳硣
룬ͷ⵹ǲ١
˵ĽĴʦнҳɷֵĻѩĴʦȴʵʵȥģûһ˿ǿɼǱ޴һһˣʹǴʦҲΪһˡ
ʦ֮ϻо磬û֪˵ܹЩʦл㾳ģѩĿܡ
Ľôæʦ㲻˵ģ洦
ðɺðɣ˵ã๦Ƶģڰ֣ЦæҰ
ĽǺЦӲӥֶһ֪ܲ
ЦСӣұңȥ㲻һ𣿡
Ľðɡ
ù֮ʵĽԲһɱ˸Զ޺죬ܵõȴܵݣڱʥΪֻ·ӣһɱޣһǷʳݣ߶ԼܹõҪԼ
ɱһֻֻһĻᣬֻ֣Ϊ޳ֶ۸˵ģġ
ڱʥĴʦ֪ݲҲֲʦϣǵõ
ԼޣǾŹЩʦԣɱͬɱ޸ɡ
ĽһСݣԷѩ˵һȻһٿʧ˱ʥ
С¹죬ܿһɽҵһ֥ϲû뵽ôס
ȥժĽȴɫ࣬ҡͷ
ôˣŤͷ
Ľҡͷػ
šȥֻһС֥ԱߣѩȻһ壬ʼʱûע⵽
СЦ
ûСʲôźܶСǸճõСߣûʲôвһնˡ
Ľأ֪ԾҴ⡣

Ľ̾СߺΣգ˵ڱʥԽƯԽΣա
ˣСȷʵƯЦŵͷʵڲɰ
Ů˶һĿ־壬ƯСߣҲɰ﷢飬ë
ĽСΣգһ
ôأЦ
Ľͷҵĸо˰ɡ
ðɺðɣ˺ǡεͷЦҿ̫ˣôһСж
ԴһСߵǿҲޡ
Ľбһۣٶ˵εĵͷ˺ʮɣС¹ԶԶ˿
ûС¹п־֮ɫû̫ӣС¹޵صȴ˽⣬˽޵ĻûУһޣ޵ģǱɱɱޡ
ĽҲ֪޵ϰԣƲ֪֮䲢ûҰһǿʳ˴˲
ʳݣҪǿԱãԴʦá
Ľ֥Զʱ֥µСһߣΧѩΪһ壬ƭۡ
Ľо˵뱱ʥ֮оޣܱһУǰоСߵĴڡ
ĻʹĿҲѿСߵĴڣʱױĽĸоΣա
С¹ûΣգС߲ΣգĽһǰƽһ˼š
ͣһХǰһ׹
Ľһһ죬ֱֱˣ˫ڵϻԶ
һžŵСߣû뵽Сٶ磬ǿ磬˷Ӧʱ䡣
һҲĽˣѽӵסͻأ죬ʯ֮ѣʹҲӦ

Ľһ˰ɣ
Ȼ̾βϵˣ
óԼС¹֥һȲĲ̾Сߡ
С߸ղŵٶͻϮԼ㲻ģСо綾ԼСΣˡ
ĽԱ߱໤ʮа˾Ŵˣ´һҪǵãóȻ
ţѵǼסˡͷ
Ľٴλǰƽһɾ룬һ׹һ죬Ľӽס
͡ˣѩɢĽ˳ɿ⡣
޼ɣܲ
ɡĽҡͷʯٶȼ죬ûʲô취
ô죿
Ľֻüˣߡ
һ˳𣿡ɵ
뵽ĽõķӣŲͨȷʵһõķӣҲΣգС̫ˡ
ĽСߣһ԰ɡ
ҪҪŪⶾĵҩ
ĽҡͷЦˣ뿪߳ŭ
ðɡͷٶ˵С¹ƮƮȥתۼ䲻Ӱʧ١
ĽһܷſֽţԼһ˵Ļ˼ˡ
һָʱһƬӿ˱ѩסΪһֻѩУ֥ȥ
֮ڣСٿһѩУĽһ֥ϣ漴һʧ
Сһ´ӷٿ֥ˣʱСХһ±ôִ󣬱ʮ׳βһ˦ɨѩ

飡һ죬ѩһɢȴĽӰӣСԽŭӹΧʮڱ˿֮ء
СٴηХִӻһ£ˮӰҡ
ϲ֪СѩϣϢ߷ŭɨʱײȥ
Ƥ֣Χʯͷ֮˲һΪ촷ۣ裬ɼԵǿᡣ
Сȴʣϸƿս⣬һȥϱС
ޣѪȴԭʵڣһʧ޴ȴӵĿŭβͣСХ𳤿ա
ܿСλãû뵽СԼƶһײϣٴαˣԭʵԽ翣ʱʧ
ԽľŭŭûǣƲٿĻΪһСߣҪ뿪
Ľٿ֣΢ЦСɣһ˦͡ХУɵһϵСϡ
СС߲ԸŤŤջΪޡ
Ľֻüһʱϥ£ɵ֪ʧˣϥѩϡ
ʱѩѾƲ񱻾ۅ˵ǱĽ£á
Сߵʵ˷ɵѴܣķƿյԽǿᣬ֪
ӲĻҪʰСߺܼѣһսһܹˣ˵ˣȴ磬ɼɵ
Լһյʱ䣬Ľ¶һĨϲɫƮ֮ʧٳʱߡ
С¹Ȼڵߣһһ¹ѩϣΧһƬף˵Ψ
Ľس֣ŤͷȻЦ޼ɣˣ
Ľͷá
һ˼ùֶΣǲǣߵ
ĽЦҵɱﵡ
̾˿û뵽Ա޻Ҳ֪С¹ôõ֥˲Ρ
ĽЦЦжصĹͨţİɡ
һҪǿʵȻʹҲûá
ĽЦ⵹٣и

һһ˵޼ɣʦʲô磿
ĽҡҡͷҲ֪
һ߼ʣóĽԶԶԼںͷԽĪˡ
Ľҡͷ̾ûأֻоԼúܣҪͣǿ֪ܲǸ硣
û˵
Ľҡͷ˵絽Ȼ֪˵Ҳûãúܣ˵˷ס
ߣǰɣߵ
ĽЦЦǸʵˣľԶƭˣӦ޷ľɣĻķתˡ
ǵҲǡͷ
Ϊδʦ֮ķһֱ˼վãǷ޶ʦ֮·ҪԼÿ˶֪ͬҲûá
Ľôһ˵϶ԼĲ²⣬ҡͷ̾о·ûֹһ
ĽЦ˵·ͨȻǼޱȣӹгˡ
޼ɣô˵ˣ˵гġ
ĽüͷһгģΪһû˼ǣ
ҲҡͷߵǸˣ˵һ졣
ĽЦҡͷû֪
ȷȷʵʵġ˵ȷʵһĴڣǼٻ
ĽЦ
ûǲ죬˵
ĽѾˣ統һģȻƬ磬ͬȷʵڡ
Ȼһ磬Ϊβһ磿

֪νһ磿Ľʡ
ҡͷ˵絽ˣΪˣȻ֪ˣĻҲҲġ
Ľͷǵһ磬ܻ𣿡
Ȼܻġͷ˭Ҳ˷ĴУ뵽Сɽţ
ĽЦܻ
ͷҿһۣ̾ðɣ˵ʵĪ빬һλȴﵽǾ磬һˣȷɡ
ĽüͷһЦǲʹȴﵽˣôң
һ۵ﵽǾ磬ҽһ磬һɵʲôҲ˵ֻ˵ԼԼ·ܴﵽյ㣬˵·ᵢԼУôҲ˵
ĽͷüԼɣҪȻǶˣǴңţ
ҡͷЦ⵹صģǵΪٸߣصֱ֮Ӵشʦ磬˵ĶǴʦܴˣ֮ԼΥ档
ĽȻ򣺡ԭˡ
ΪˣǲŻ뿪磬ʹҲߵģҲȥһ翴۽磬ٻ٣֪ǲȥ
Ľ̾ԭˡ
Цֻ˵һ䣡ȥһĴʦٻǱ߼õġ
ĽЦǻջأȡﵽǾ磬Ǹ翴ʶ
ˣͷһֱǰҲǿķֻսʦҵˣǾ촹ܷ࣬Źᣡ
ĽЦҽһȥɣ
˱˴ҲиӦЦ
ĽͷǺõúܣ˵λʦأжˣ
ڵĻӦ˰ɡ
ĽЦпܣܸΣա
ͷһֱʦˣǸܺãҲΣգʦ˵ġ


289 ٵ
ĽЦǺõúܣһֱڴʦľ磬Ҳеˣ˵û˵ܲܿʥ
֪ءҡͷû
Ľ̾˿ҡҡͷϧϧðɣǻȥ
һһʧٴγӣȻصԼľݣѩϥ˹
ĽĽȻ֮þԼһμʦһģ
ܹն˿ľ覣Բ޼䣬ﵽ˴ʦ磬ԵҲɢˡ
һ뵽ʧ䣬ʦ㲢飬ֻһֱѹţֳôʦʦ֮Ĭ
ڱʦն˿ĸоĽϧʧ䣬мֲģõĶˡ
ʦ㡣΢Ц߹ȥ
ѩףˣ
ĽͷѾŪˣʦЩ°ɣ
ӻȡϻ֥֮ݸѩѩͷûж˵ֻȡһƬһƬͽӣҰ
ĽӣĶæѹˣԵ޷ݣȻԵѾɢˣҲûҪǿ
ĵһ˿ģҪػʦķġ
ѩ֥֮ٴϢʼ˹Ϣ֥ҩһӿϴ
ĽһԸѩȻƫƧԴʦ˵ʲôʦϲ̽һЩƫƧط˵ҵʲôö
Щطһ˽ҲģһЩջ˵ЩջûʲôҲһȤ
òһʱ˴ţʦûл֮һ̷һ֥ҩ̫ͣӦͲˣˣڴ˻ҲΪ˷ֹѹסҩ
һյʱ䣬ѩϰУһѩѩԽԽơ
Ľţ˫۾ŷѩ

˰ΣѩԽԽԽԽʵٿһըΪһɹ˷ѩüġ
Ľ΢ЦȻʦ㣬Ծˣһȫ֥
һ֥ѾǲСԳʦķѩ˵ˡ
ѩ۾޵׵Ҫ˵һ㣬Ľ̾һ䣬΢ЦϲʦΪ
ѩȻЦһʦܣл
ĽȻû뵽Ȼչ¶ЦգЦǰ΢Цͬ»ص˵ľʱ⣬ǰĬʮ㣬¶
ĽȻʦ㣬㡭
ûʲôһѩҡͷЦʦܣⱱʥ棿
Է֥ܵ׷ĽóΪ׸
ĽͷȷʵΪҲͬΣգʱЩ޿ɲֻɱ¾
ȥѩͷ
Ľһ£ʦȥĻһҪҵܳǿЩ޶Ҫǿġ
ǿңѩЦп
ĽԽŹ֣͸ѩ˼ˣľܸоõ׽
ţǰޣɱ㣬ǿΪģ޵ĸоܹΪĽͷ
ѩü̫Σˣ
ĽЦȷʵΣգҲû취£¼ûмΪֲðյĺ¡
ѩʦҲˣ
ĽЦЦɱﵣҲǣɱ˲١
ѩͷ֪ĽɱﵣȷʵǷʤľУǶԷܲɵſ⡣
¼вɵģɵɲһķɵﲻƣ޿ɱܣ¼޷ɽѧ

ǺðɣҽȥΣգ֪ʦܡѩ齣ѩ׳޷Զ
ĽͷЦʦҪСˣǧ򲻿ɴ⡣
ţġѩף˱ʥķλƮƮ뿪СľݣĽĿ뿪ҡҡͷ
֪ʱߣЦӯӯĵ޼ɣλʦأϲɣ
ĽͷǣҺϲʦ㣬ʦһʵ䲻ϰ
ЦԲԣ˼Ҳϲɣ
Ľ̾ţ¶ˡ
ЦЦû֦Ҳ
ĽûĵкοЦģѲµŮ˶ϲң
ǱӦԿЦͣҡͷѣҲгԱʱ򣡡
Ľòƽƽһ޳ʲôֵŮϲģʦ㲻ϲҲ
ߣ֪ͺãЦݣһۣ˵Ůڵĺһιϲ㣬ŮڵŮӿ׶ģ˵ʯŮҲݣܴķģǲأ
ĽԵɺϰˣǾԲŻҰɡ
Ŷԭֲءͷ٣书ǲġ
Ľûĵ͹һ
ЦҡͷҪĶ޸ˣ
Ľæ֣ҿɲŮˣ
˵˶ܲãǲǣЦһҡͷĵҲҲ˸ɺͽܣɲǺǵģúܣ
Ľ̾˿ͱˣ
˵ɺڲٱÿλڣǴҴҶҴҶȥ¼ɺ硣
ɺŲƣȴ߶û취
ǲͶ㣬ʹΪʦϸɺҲ޿κΣֻܱܶԶ֮ܲͲʹˣҲװơ

Ľɫ䣬һʧԭأٳʱѾڱʥڷѩǰ
ѩǰһǣ˫۾â˸˵ѩϣһڱҪҧϷѩ
ѩѩ϶ãɫ԰ף⣬ۼűҪɥ֮¡
Ľһһģ࣡һ죬ǷɵУĽ漴һһ¡
ƿսԽԽ磬һ£Ƕܣֱĵϡ
顱һ죬ٴη˳ȥ໡һڿ³һ׹⣬ޱȡ
ĽŤһܿ顱ըһӣһ׹缤һ㣬ˡ
Ľ֪Ӳӣһٴʧٴһ£顱һ죬ٴη˳ȥ
ǺĽڿһ죬һ׹ԭİ׹ûը˿
顱һ죬ǻ˻Σһ±翣Ľһߣһ׹⻮ǵı
໡ŭһһ׹ʱһɢĽüһ
йŤѩѩѾϥϣ˫ֽӡ붨Ϣ
Ľһ֣ϷΣֱӵϢָƣɫ԰ֽ
Ľ󣬻񾭵룬һ򣬷ѩɫָ˺󣬻
Ľʦ㣬ô£
ҽûþǡѩҡͷ̾˿ΪԼʵҡͷΪѾǿˣǲ֪ԼС
ĽüǺպ̰ǣǿᣬƲƤëҪսʤΨй㣬ǹؼ
û뵽ѩҡͷӲ˼Уܿ챻У˲
ĽʦǧǵãЩ޶ӲƴӲƴûһ˿ʤģҪȡΨȡлᡣ
ѩͷˡ

Ľһ´һ۷ѩͷûá
ѩЦЦʦܣҲҪģȻȥɡ
Ľʦ㣬쵽ɣЪһЪ
һ飬ʹָˣԲȶƴˣЪһЪ˼һ
ѩҡͷҲҪģȻȥɡ
Ľԣ˰ΣͷȻˣʦ㣡
ִӻͳöݸѩ
ѩЦЦ֪ǲɵģֽӹˣȥɣҪԴġ
ĽĵĿεĵͷ
һʧ֮󣬷ѩʧĵطκЦݣ»ΪһȪűߡ
ĽصС֮ʾĽ˵ʦΣ֮£Цģʦרעɱ̫ϤҪˣ
ĽüͷȷʵˣʦгһֱߣΣգԼ֧ţеס
ûһһֱûգĻʵڲ࣬ʹǴʦʹΪܸߣҲΣա
޼ɣʦ̫ŽǸԹ˵ģһܿ죬ҪĥⱱʥǼõĵطЦ
ĽЦ̫Σˡ
Σҡҡͷѽǹң
Ľ̾˿ðգֻˣ
ЦİɣǸģ
Ľҡҡͷٶ˵ڣʱлԼӦò̫Σա
һֱõģ޷ڵϣѩˣ߻һֻޡ


290 
ĽȻ򣬼һֻѩ׵ӥ񿥷ǳ߰ĵĽ
ĽЦʦ㣬ģ
ѩЦҲֻ֪ӥϲҡ
Ľʦôշģ
ѩҡҡͷûԼɵҼϵģûо⣬䵽ϣˣ
Ľɫһ䣬üʦ㣬Ҳ̫ˣǸƻúܣʤġ
ѩҵôãǿŶͦƯġ
ĽЦԽƯԽΣգʦ㣬ǧ򲻿ɴˣǵƭ
ѩԻСĵģ̫СģҲѩӥ
ѩӥĽѩ覵ӥ˫籦ʯԣһ㡣
Ȼ񿥣ӥ
ѩЦ޶ѽʦ˵Ҫ˵
Ľ̾˿ǻԵǳǱʥ޶ϲŮˣ
Щ֣ѵʥϲŮˣ˵ɵˣŮ˵ˣ
룬һʧУѩһۣԣȴģ
ҪôҪιʲôôѩʡ
ҡҡͷЦҵľ飬ʲôҲιģԪΪʳԱġ
ѽѩЦ⵹ʡ£ᴳʲô
ӥⶫҰԣһǲɱ֮࣬߱Ұޣ˵Ҫ
Цø޼һķȻĻǺѻʥö࣬ܲסġ
ѩŤͷһѩӥȻ񿥣Ŀ磬һУʵĸо
ܵסٹͲˣǧˡ
ѩЦʦʲôķ
һķţǾҪѧᣬҲҪùඥ
ѩͷѩӥͷһ³ĲԸӣЦǰأ

Ů˵ĽЦ޼ɣʲôȥ
Ľû뵽¼Ĵʦ࣬Ůʦȴֻѣ
šü룬ͷôһ뻹أʦôȴûŮģ
ѩʦܣ
ĽЦҾ֣Ƕܵޣƫƫû˵˵õȥŮйء
⵹пء룬ͷҵޣҲˣƫƫûõ
ѩЦɱ̫ذɡ
ĽҡҡͷɱٵˣҲûɱɣΪƫƫѡ˹
ΪаģЦʯĳ£
ĽЦʯĳ
ЦҡҡͷŮ˻ͦõ
Ľæ֣
Цôǰ˼ˣ
ѩʦܣϧϰ߸øĸˣȻծ鷳ģ
ĽЩǱĵͷǣʡˣڶޣ࣬ϲɺء
޼ɣأʡ
ĽЦҾɱްɣǵġ
ЩɿɰޣҲɱΪȻҡҡͷ
ĽɱǣɱңĻҸǰף
㲻ʥǡ
ĽҡͷЦǲˣҽȥһߣǱɱңһܻˣ
ѩЦЩȷʵɰ
Ľҡͷ̾˿ҼһͷС¹ɱһʦʵûʲôɰġ
˵ʲôһۡ
ĽǺ˵֮ˣ

ļ죬һֱСʥ֮ǻĽżȥһˣȥ˵ͽ
˵ףǳͽԴеĽ죬ԽԽǿ
ʥɱޣΪٶȱŮ켸֣ǲɱޣֻǷʳݣݸػҪޣɱǡ
ŮΪԽԽǿз仯Խվһɲŭƣأ˲ֱӡ
Ľȴ෴Խʵ޻磬ʱױ˺ԣĿ⾭ϲͣһӶȴĵӰӡ
֮˲ܷһ˺׺ԣҲȥһ֮ˡ
Ľ֮Ч
ķǹСȴҲСĽԽð
ķƿս൱ؼİԽǲԽǸԽǾ
ĽͣĲԽɵԽԽǿɱ֮С
ڷɵϣҲɣԼϣĽ룬ܲ͸ˣܹΪһˡ
û˷ɵȫȥϢƿսںϣɱС
ĽڴˣһֱͣţҪ֮ȫȥԼν޵ˡ
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ʱڲ֪ţܿ쵽죬ǵȥ¶ŮǶȹӣʥȴȻѩأ졣
ѩһֱСżȥʥתһת޴ȥȡݣʱ
ҲᱡԽĽˡ

Ľ»˳ȥһ˱ĳǣݷ˳Լൽ׶
˿ĽʵĽȴܿǵģоԼԽԽ̫þܸϵϳ
ɱ޵ЧʣĽһʦޣĻһһ룬ʤʮ֮һѾǼߵġ
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̾ڳĽЦӣãʥմʦˣ
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Ľ΢ЦǳŴʦΪ񣬼ʶ㲩̡
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ʥմʦ˪üʶȻĽ
ĽЦһʥʵڰҪҵƽ֮
˵Ŵӻϻȡһ飬Ǵ顣


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ʥմʦһ飬ʱһţû뵽ʩʥ£
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صʥԵСľʱѩֵһöݣ̷֮ʼ˹Ĵ
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˲ᣬ˵ŵһмͷƾ壬ʹƹķҲ޿κΡ
ԼĽˣȻһæҲСæֱӴӦˡ
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˹ȻһХХƣɽ´˹֮
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䳯һĽ˿ŵĸ֣ûõǳ
Ҫȥⶥ֣ҪԿĽ֮ۿһڲ쿴ſŵĵǡ


292 ͵ѧ
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˵һĳĽǰһУһʩչԽ죬˲䵽˰˼ǰ
飡Ľؿְһƣ˼ƴĽƣؿڣ޿ɱܡ
һƸͣؿĿڣһĽжȥ˴룬ȴжɾҪת졣

֮תĿڵľ⣬ͬʱܿ˼Уʱӭȥְơ
Ľݣ岻Լģְʮƺ󣬽ѧһƣ˼ɫ鶯ЦúãҵҪ͵ѧУ
һλĳһƣĽʱٿļӿ죬һ⣬˲Ľ顱Ľɳʮ⡣
ĽɫǺ죬˫ڿ鵸ͬʱ˫ֻĽھȥʱָɫ
˼üĵû뵽һҲ˲
Ľһ̾Ʒ
һû͵ѧһƵľķ͵ѧһƻ֮幦ȫˡ
ٳһƣ˼ʶϺһһĽǰ
ĽһֵһУֵڶУ˫ͬʱӭǰ顱˼ʵƴƣӭĽĿڡ
Ľһ˦֣͡һХһ׹ᴩ˼Ŀڣӱһʧ
˼ʵɴ۾ŵĵĽ
ĽƮƮˣ˫˫ͬʱͬʱ³һѪȫжȥˣһƾҪ
˼ĿվֱֱĽĽҡͷѧȷʵߺðɣǰ
˼ʵͷԼؿڣѪȪӿֹס
Ц۾ջ£ϹŹЦݣĽüţ²͸˼ʵʲô
һ֣ǰ˼;ֻʹɱˣ޲ɱķɵԽһ๦ɱ˰˼ʡ
ҡҡͷֻϧȫ͵ѧ˼ʵƷȷʵף


293 
䳯ǰüŰ˼ʣ˵ʲôŹ֣
ĽҡҡͷӦ°ɣӦǱѣϧʱڸ̾˰ɣôҲܲġ
䳯бһۣµõ
ĽЦ붼޹ؽҪˣ𣬹Щҿһɡ
ţһ䳯ƵͷƣСǴӴһ̵˽ǰȻС㡣
䳯ƵСޣȥЩ˵书ˣ
ǣС㡣С֣صͷŮ֮Ʈɽ£洫ˡ
ĽЦҡҡͷ䳯Ƶôĺݣ
ĽЦû뵽ĺݡ
䳯Цһ㲻ڣ䵽ϻⱯҰٱ㲻᲻֪ɣ
Ľͷ̾˿
⵹ǲ٣ܵʤƹĵ³ңǶмɫŵⲻɫ⡣
һ뵽Ľɱ⣬֮⣬һ䳯ƣ䳯ƺߵЩɱǣһ᳭ѣɨƽǣ
ĽͷҲá
һ˿ǵ︡ƹ³ʾ壬һֱ˴ƹǿҲܲס
䳯ƵǷһ飬ôã
ţúðɣϾǴʦϹĴʦ̫Ľ
䳯ףСŮƮȻȻѾˡ
ƳһĽһεĿս£һεĻѱ֤Լܻ
䳯Ƶȥһ߹ľװãһأȥţɨˣ
ǡСްӦ
ĽҪҪҰæ
䳯ҡͷһЩСආѣˡ
ĽãҪ⣬
ţ֪䳯ףĽһʧ

ĽЩһֱ½ԽԽ˹Ѿˡ
ʹǶҲĽǳ˶ף漫ÿһνظδζ»˵ٰ˵͸
ʱһףΣܴĻȻඥ
µͽԽԽ࣬տȻɮ֮ԽԽ㣬ͽӣǿĽܸܵǿᣬʵ
Ľ˼һʥ֮Щʥ渽ŵӴǣѹǵɡ
ķӾ;ͣӣһ̶֮󣬱ѹʥϵ
ƣȯǿᣬǿȴǻʹڵʥΣһȡ
ȯϵٸɮļӳ֣ʹڵʥǴӦǧɮļӳ֡
ÿһɮһͽĳǧ򱶣ҪѹǵҪͽڶࡣ
ʥΨһˣƾΪûãΪٸ죬죬֮ϣڴ˾Ʋʥ
Ȼ˶ң¾˲һĽصʤΪ
ѩڱʤʱܻĽȥĽо񣬼ʹڱʤΣҲоõ
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ĽһɮųȥӭξϺкʮˡ
Ľ뿪֮ʣ˵Ǳչأ붨˲ܴţΪ֮оһǼҳ㷹
Ľͷ£
ξкʮҵʦǰݷ֡
ҵ£Ľü
ξе֣ҵǶԺеӸΪտͨ
ĽͷʦǺηʥ
ξеʦۣ˵жϾνӵ޻۵ͯ˵Ǹɮת

ſ뾲վһԲ˵ЩǶƽʱǾޣгξ֡
Ľŵͷ˵ʦλ˲
ǡξæͷʦཻ洦
ĽЦ֪λʦΪˣ
Զʦ˺ɡξЦ
ĽЦЦŶ
ͷλʦڣ
ʦѾ˳Ҫˡξæ֣ҪҪɽԶӭʾʦأ
ĽЦпһۣأ
һжξæ
ĽˣǱˣ࣬ʦҲգҵҲգǶûʲôϵαţξĶдܳΪ⣿
ξæʮ񣺡ǣ֡
ſЦʦʦǸ治Ҫȥӭ𣿡
ҲĿ¶ɫ
ĽЦЦҡͷѽԼľˣعô࣬ΪˣʲôǸƣſգΪô£
ſյͷͷ˼ĵʦһҹˣ
Ľüʵʵ֤Ϊûпʵ֤һжΪٶҲ棬Ⱥúÿ޵һ磬һͨһ㲻
ſͷʦʦĽ治ء
úÿޣ棡Ľڰֵͷ÷ˣרעɣ
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Ľսʦپһգ
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ĽЦЦҡҡͷʦʮǧúţΪˣ𷨽󣬻пֱʦ
ſնʱ۾һͷǣʦ

Ľֿ˿ͷģúãʲôɰ
ҡͷûʦҾͣ᲻ѽ
ĽЦҡͷĪ빬ķ֮õڵĪķĪĪ룬֣֪ܲ
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ĽЦѾĪķֻ֮Ҫúгɾ͵ģˣҲܳΪʦ
ʦܳΪʦ𣿡һ£ҡͷ˵ʦѵģҪʮ֮Ҷ̫ˣ
ĽЦҡҡͷǵδأΪʦʮΪʦʦãʮΪʦ
ôʱݹʢʦĶʮΪʦ
ĽЦΪʦƭ
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Ǽѩû뵽ѩѾΪʦʦһѵľ֡
ĽʦʾʤΪʦһרעżһճɾ͡
ʦú̾
ĽֻҪúŬδز׷ʦãΪȰԼСˣܳɾʹ£
ǣʦһúŬʦͷ
Ľ¶Цݣҵͽſգѧŵ
ſεĵͷǣʦһú
ĽξҵӣȴΪӣɻķ£һнΨ飬ʹҲҪץʱӦҲһУĪҪСӣĪҪԸʶ䣡
ǣס֣ξкʮȻӦ
Ľڰ֣ȥɣ쿪̳˵

Ľٴο̳˵ϾڴϷݶڣ⣬ˡ
ÿ˶һţеڣе⣬еһɽʯ£еһƬǰ֮ΧţԶ
ܶͽԶ£ԶԶܿݶϵĽӰܿС
ǻԶѡܿĽĵطΪ֪Ľ䲻ߣȴúԶ¶õ
ǿԶһ壬ҪܿĽΪۼΪʵһһ߿Ľ
Ľݶˣ֮۴򿪣࣬ԶȴһһȺɮվ²Զʯͷϡ
ĽϸȥһȺɮ˹Сɳ֣ɮˣһɮˡ
ɮһϮ°ɮۣһȾԹӣݰףüĿۡ
ĽԼжʮ꣬ͣüȴׯϳ࣬ɣһʮ񣬺͸ķ븡þԵ͡
Ľֲ̾иɮ֮ƣͣض˵ɱˡ
ǺòȡˣԼɲ࣬òڣмַɣһȱȻʧɫ
֮̾µǱʦˣɣѹǳƺΪʦ
Ľ΢΢һЦǡʦݰ٣Բ٣ʢҪϧλᣬúᣬĪҪˣڿʼϾһ󾭣ǿ֮
һһ渶˼仰Ĺԣ԰Σ
Ľ飬ԲһһУֱȥٷȥȥ
һһ˵ʱǳԣһϾ˵öģüɫ衣
ʦҲϸ¶̾ɫ

Ľһ꣬ʱϢһΣһ£ԽһҲϢһ
ʱͣôȻһʧݶص
ʦܣû뵽²Իд£һԲ̾ҡͷһϾ
ʦף΢Цȷʵ˶Ŀһ£˽ⷨ̾
һҡͷҲûʲôᣬʦܴ١
ʦ΢Цһ㣬ҲǳԸİɡ
ʦ̧̫ˡҡͷҿżִݰˣֵһᣡ
ʦҡͷʦ̫СˣΪ񣬷ҲǶԷ˽д˽ⷨ
ʦҪüҿ˰ɣûʲô˵ģֵʦܽӼ
ʦЦЦʦִ֣̫ˣΨз𷨾²ֵùעտȻʦ˾ܲ
ʦһϻݣʵ̫ˣҡͷߵ
Σʦ΢ЦҡͷʵѧʹҲҲ֪£ûʵѧʹҶ£Ҳܿ챻ʶƣΪЦվصԭλ
ʦܣ뷨̫ˡҡͷ̾л
ʲôʦҡͷ΢ЦЩ΢ܵ棬ΨΪ𷨲ʵ顣
ˣҲȰʦܣɡҡͷ̾Ϣ
Բ΢Цʦܣڹȥ
ʦҡͷЦЦһһľۣ֮ȥ١
áлͷ
ʦʦ֣ģʦͽһ㣬ίʵЩŤСɳȴĿת˾ռߡ

Ľֽ˰ʱһ䣬ʣµľҪһԵٽһνٽϾ˷׷ۣΪ
Ľ˶Ϊ콲콲Ǹʱû꣬Ϳʼһ
һͷ˴ͷȴһת߿ˣôϰ޷أίʵͣȥƫƫûá
һͣ£˵Щٽʵ̲סۣĽֱӽˣĪٵθڡ
ǰĽΧڵУǼʽĽǷǮһ㣬ǿҪĽꡣ
ĽЦеҡͷΧ˰󣬾ǲɿڣֻ˵ԵҪԵ
ǷѾ˿࣬ǰв˵벿˯þܳԲ㷹Ǵʦ
ĽЩԲҡ΢Ц˵죬ǲٽ°ˡ
գ޿κΣ֪󲻶ֻܲĵķ£ӭ˵ʦˡ
ʦǰͣסʦʹɫǰҵ⣬տȻʦ
Ľϣ΢Цʦ룬ʧԶӭˡ
ԶԶ£ųųξУſջоӭ
Ľ´ʱվµɷǳһԺɼ
ĽƮʮ΢ЦҵʦƶɮտȻݷ衣
ʦ΢Цʮһۡ
ĽֻĿһ˲Ŀڣܿ͸һУĽȻȴη壬΢Цӡ
ԼľΪģʦһΪǷΪѷһ
ʦһ۴нĦۣųܿ磬΢ģ޲ɼ
һĽȴĽ纣ɽɲ⡣

ʦ롪Ľ룬ת˽£ֱ
ξ˷ܵĿʦܹóһ֮²ǰļżڶݷ̳ռһϯ֮أΪģΪʦǰ
ĽЦдʦЦʦ޻ۣһֱţڿȻ١
ʦ²յ΢ЦտȻʦķ磬޻֣ʵڹˣ¡
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ĽЦǰһãУʦɻɣ
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Ľҡͷ䱾ӣŪ岻Ūûʲôֱ𣬷ෳգҿʦǷɡ
֪Ϊãʦ
ĽһΨ죬ʦ仰̤ţ
һΨ졭ʦĿĿž޴ķһ
ĽЦЦһУһΪǷ𷨣书Ҳʮ㡣
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Ľҡͷ΢ЦһԲſ뾲ֻþʦ
ʦһӣ˵ĵȴУعԱȡ
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Ľ΢Цҡͷһ㴰ֽˣʦԳˣд˶ҲǰԼ˼֮򡣡
ûдʦһ㣬ƶɮ֪ҪãΪħӣʦҡͷ̾˿ƶɮһֱΪȻȴ뾹ִš
ĽЦ㾳ִţѣ˭˵ִŲҲһִţ
Ǻǡʦִ̾ҲһִţʦҲ
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ƶɮʦΪ񣬴ʦǴʦɣʦʡ
Ľҡͷûдʦһ˵ҲһЩͨѣȴʦЩ
ʦЦͨɶԸʦˣ֪տȻʦʦкδ
ĽԼľ˵һ飬Ѿ켫
ʦͷ̾տȻʦʦǰҵ£ʦǱ編Σ
ĽҡͷЦҿɲɡ


294 
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ĽЦҡͷ磬и˵ķ˷δʺڴˣ˷δزʺϴˣ˵ѱ塣
ʦĽƶ飬֪ȥҵˣ¾źȥҵ£ʦܿһ۽磬лԽ
ĽЦʦ֪죿
ʦ΢ͷƶɮ֪һôտȻʦ磿
Ľͷǰţ棬Ҫȥһۡ
ʦһĽͷʦΪȥѣϧ޳ҵ޷ɵÿա
ĽЦ֡
ʦ֣̾ҲΪпᣬת֮Զʤһ磬֮ڡ
Ľʦûȥ
ʦҡͷŷǿʳԷ𷨲мһˣ޵ҵ̫֮޻̫Σˡ
Ľͷ治֪Щ
ʦȥ죿ʦ
Ľͷǣȥ
ʦ룬л֮а֣֪ħ
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ʦʥ
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ʦʮ΢ЦԭʦѾʥϲɺء
ԷŵӶԣһʥν֮ܵϵӣ֮ʸ붨ħ֣·Ҳ˺ܶ谭Σա
һУħ֮һԿţʱһûľгɳ
ħһѸɼħ֮
ʥħ֣ľؾػ࣬ؾնħ١

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ʦͷһŵӲȥʱн֮գʹʦΪȥҲΣأʱ֮գʦ˼
Ľȥ֪пʥ֮
ʦͷνһħһɣʥħʥħɷԹǿϧˣ³ҵòʧ
Ľɫȴһħ
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ǡʦͷԷŵӲȥ
Ľͷãһῼǿ
һߴӦţʵ£˼ŨħܹʥһҪԿ
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Ľüͷһ£ЦЦְѷժŵеϻȻЦпʦ
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Ľ΢Цʦʲô
ʦҡͷ̾˿ˣƶɮʦЦˣ
ĽЦЦʦˣһΪ֮ԵԼޡ
ʦЦΪԿޣǻȴѻãʦ𷨾棬ͣƶɮ
ʶĽķ𷨣ĽȻ£ʶһĽʵ֤ΪĽĪ⣬ܲԼǿ١
Ľһժ·ʱԼ뷨Ц˲̫Զûȵġ
Ľʦˣ¼ªʦڴ̻һӣǺúòһ·𷨡
֮ãʦ΢Цͷ
ļ죬ʦ˱˴̸۷˴д裬Ľ治ǳʦҲˣһϯʤʮ飬ĽԷ𾭵Զ˿ɱȣʦöĿһ£ඥ

Ľʦ̸۷˵ǻ۹ˣҵǻ㣬Զһܼʹ̶ȣʦ̸ʱԲʱܵҵԼǷȱġ
Ƿȱϵͳķ𷨸ףСԺﳤ󣬺ʦȥһѧһЩķȴûܽ⣬Ҫһ˲һǶǳοвӢ˲š
̸۷رģѩ档
Ȼظƹ䳯ƣ䳯Ѿţ޴ʧ
ĽٻرĳǣԼСľݣѾСľݣ˸һ䣬Ȼмųϴ֮
һԼСݣȻߣѩСľݣѩϥ˹
һϮѩķѩӣʦܣ
Ľʦ㣬˶ˣ
ֻѩΡѩ
ĽҰɣ뾡Ϊ
ѩüʦܣʲôô
Ľ뷨ἱǳ񣬳ġ
뾡졣Ľ
ѩ˵Σգ㼱ȥʲô
Ľ뾡ҵʥķ
ʥѩüҡͷʥ޷ɿôʹΪҲûõġ
ĽЦҵһӡ
ʲôӣѩʡ
Ľһܿʥıȥҿ
ڵΪȥѩü
ĽЦЦҡͷʦҲ߯СˣİɣҲɱľ㹻ټ㹻Ϊȥܱ
ôĿѩһҡͷġ
ĽԹһֱйҵĽҲúҪйųɣŻĽ
ðɣ㡣ѩ̾ԱȡһϻݸĽϻĽ͸ġ
ĽûӹˣѩΡ

ϻ֮뿪ȻֱСݣ֥ĽҪ˵ֱӸˡ
ĽѩΣ֥صСľݣȻϥãʼЩݡ
ֱ֥ӳһ꣬ҹַһѩΣһֱʱֲȫҩ
Ľľ仯ԽԽˣҪһ㣬Եмֹ졣
ĽʦһˣȻŽԼķ˵֮ʱ컨Ʈ䡣
Щ컨Ľ飬ڿȻ컨״ƮƮ
˶ˣɹڵأоԽϡ
ĽܸоԼΪͻͽݲնɱ޽켸֡
ڶٽŷãһѩ֥ˣ磬ŮСˡ
ķܽһķ䣬֮졣
Թѩ֥֮ĽоŵĴڣ֪ʱѵ
Ṳ֮̊ţʽ̤졣





1 þ
һĴԲ⣬·һζĺϣһҴ󴬻ӱ϶Уԭ㣬νߴ󣬵ڿĴϣԵεӰֻСϡ
ֻߣͷɫƮչдһġܡ֣һ֪ǹٸĴ
족ִԶͷվűԼжʮˣź⣬
ʱͷŮһɴסӣΨ¶ˮӣһսȣòΡ
ŮվڴͷЦӯӯˣʱָԵɽϿţżĽЦ
Եıǣˮ棬Ŀ䱸
ȻŮһָԶˮ棬С쿴ʲô
Ů˳ȥԶԶһӰ֣ڸԶֻܿһӰˮϸġ
ŮСɣǲ˭ˮˣ
ŮҡͷС㣬Ǹѽ
Ůɫһ䣬̾˿һӶĿô
С㣬ҿûأŮҡҡͷԶӰüܻš
ģŮܿ壿
ŮȻС㣬֮ˣ۾ʹúܣ
ŮͷǺãɣ첮
С㣡һ߿첽СкηԸ
θߴ࣬ţŨüۣƻǰһվȻһɲŭƣ˲С
첮˾ŮһָԶӰŴʻܿһЩԿ
С㡭첮һ£ҡͷС㣬˰ɡ
ôŮ
첮̾С㣬ǷǳʱڣǻСΪϣʡһ׮һ׮£үˡ
Ůü첮ȵ
첮Ƕֵļǲܲ
ŮҡͷʹǶֵıϴСһЩˣҭʳȣ첮Ͻ˾
ǣС㡣첮ε̾ڰ֡
ʱףӴˮ󴬷ŻٶȣǱ߿ˮԼãת۹һӹ˵İæ£صϡ

ǰӷŵװϣŮͷ±ˮʪϣԳȳƵΡ
ɫ԰ףòƽվȺעĿ
Ů첮оȣ
첮Ѿ̽̽Ĳͷַ˫֣Сɣһ˿оȣġ
漴ļӵؿڣۡһˮ첮ܹˣҡͷʮ꣬ûˣӦԼʧˮС㣬ȻĻٹһû
ݰɡŮ
첮˷üͷ쿪ƣľȻöɵӨ͸ɡ
ˡ첮üͷ
Ůæ첮֮ˣ
첮һ۵ϵ꣬ҡͷϷ˵׼ˣӲ񣬵ɲСߡ
˵Сɵصúܣ죬ûֲʣɣȴǱûк⡣
Ůҿģǲģ
첮üͷͷпܣҪСģСķһ
Ůıظ첮İɣһСĿģ
첮ͷҪ뿪СңòҪһ˿
첮ŮһС֣̾ˣȻ˶ˣá
С㡭첮æѲ⣬ܲ
ҿòĻϲ֮ˡŮҡͷúðĪҪˡ
ǣС㣡첮εĵͷ

Ľѹʱֻζۣ֮ʱԼڣԼһСЩСȴܸɾ
СΣȴһĴϣͷվʮʿΪף͸ɷȻɱ˵ġ
ϲǰͷһһߣ񳣬筷ȹȻȻǸٵġ
ԱһŮӦͣŮӦû书Ůͣȴ׵书һߴĹܼңҲ书
ĽϹһ£ܼλʦ֣ŮᣬȴҲʦ֣ʿǲʦ֮
һ죬Ȳǰ磬ҲȲԭ磬ࡣ
֮۵Ӱ죬ʦ֮ȴˣΧһвԼָӣȨ˾
Ȼ̾ϢֲôʦΪ֣ʦûƲѧȻԭ粻ͬ
뵽̤֮龰ѭĸоߣԽԽԶ֮ȻŴϣһ޴ڣۣ֮ԼûʱﲢУУγɣԽԽ
֪Ϊ֮ãԥʱƵӿǴʦܹΧȴΪֻܱ沨
ΧѹԽԽǿڳܲסԹȥʲôҲ֪ˣʱѾһҴϡ
ͨΧ֪ˣĽȻͬԭΪһɵأȴ룬һϡ֮أԪΪôЩѽ⡣
ܸоϡ̶ȣԼĺ࣬Ļʲôɾ
ҡͷЦ£֨űƿŮĽǰĽͷСֱ䡣
Ľۡ
ѽŮȵĽе漴¶Цݣ
Ľĵˮ
ŮæǰˮݹĽһˮյĸоʹȥһܣã

ŮƵĿģѽôˮ
ĽһĻԭûв죬΢Цȭ޼ɣ֪ǡ
ҽСɣСȵ㣡ŮЦ
ĽͷСɹлˣСл
ѣӻûءŮסЦˣ޼ɣֲأѽ
ĽЦҡҡͷֻǵԼ֣һƬհףʲôҲǲˡ
ѽСƴƺ뿴ǲѣĽ̹ȻϿҵ
СĻͷԵ̫ãӣȥСһɶˣҪҪȵࣿ
Ľͷٺò
СƮ˳ȥӯ鶯Ľ֮ۿСݣȻ˶㣬Ǽ˰ŮȻߡ
˵仰ڰ֣С뿪ԾɿԼ飬Ľܿüһ˿ơ
ŮӨСɵıӣСڣ¶Сɣϲò
ϰɴסӣȻСһ˹ǹܼҲ˹һ鷵أСɻһ
ĽŮ뵽䳯ƣڸƷޣһսʦ֧Ÿƹ
뵽ﷺϧоȴ־ûһΣңԶ˺ܾһ㣬ָо졣
ԭһУûˣòУһζѣʵ硣
⣬ΪԼȵ࣬ŻʵĸоԼһ㡣
ƿŮܼҽСһ޼ɣС첮
Ľڴͷȭ΢ЦлС֮޼񣡡첮
ӲؿŮᣬˮ¶һ˿УӲҪ˰ɣ
Ľҡͷʲôǲˡ
첮˫۾Ŀʵʣʲôǲˣǵˮ
ĽЦԺһƬհףʵڲ
ǿܼ첮ӻȡöɵ˻Ρ
Ľü˿֣첮ݸĽţ¶ЦݣӦҵ֮ɣҸоϤС
Ȼһ˦͡һХ׹ɵڶǽϣʡƷ͡
ģ첮ͷ
ǰĽ࣬¶һĨ΢ЦѾûдˣúˡ
óĽַ죬ûǿ׼ȷһְַ
ĽԿѧ˰ַ͵͵ģЩееҲһǿ壬ҲڹؼʱԸֲָɣԸͨá
ٿĽ壬ڣһĺۼ첮Ѿɣ޼ȷʵˡ


2 ɵ
ĽСɹæȡ
Сǰ·ɵݻظ޼ɣɵ
ĽͷҵһоˣҵķɵӦòġ
˵һ˦֣͡һХ׹ٶȼ죬顱һɵֲ嵽ǽϡ
Ľ¶ЦݣΪԺ
ףСɵɴ۾æһŮС㣬С㣬㿴㿴
Ůȥԣ첮ȴĿһǰγɵۣɵĽ
ĽЦҵķɵɣ
첮üĽַȻǶŵİַɵٶͦ죬ûޡ
û뵽Ľǰȫһľǽֻۡ
Ľ΢ЦһΣ
첮ѵݸĽһ˦֣͡İ׹ɵٴ䵽ǽϡ
Сܹȥγɵɴ

ɵǰĵϣ׼ȷû׼İַһɣô׼ҲܣʹҲɡ
첮Ҳˣ̾ĵͷַ
޼ɣôģСɰεݸĽĴ۽
ĽҡҡͷҲ֪һϷɵȻָоԼܣ
׼ѽС̾Ҫһְ򣬻˭ѽ
ĽЦСɹҽɡ
ѽѽСæϲĵͷ
СɣŮ
СͷС㣬Ȼ޼ԸңҲѧѧ
ŮӣĶžѧ
Ľڰ֣ЦСȵģһŰַʲô˵ġ
ŮСɣ̾Ǿ͹ˡ
ĽЦС㲻ؿ޼ɾǡ
޼ɹһҲǵˣŮʵôˮӺζȥδ
Ľҡͷ̾ʵ벻ǲĻǰȥɡ
Ůӣһ鷳ǡ
Ľüͷһʲô鷳
šȻһۣϷɵһ˦͡׹˴
顭洫һ죬ˮ
СƮ˳ȥת۹һСĺˣڵƤ£˫ۣһɵȻ
첮ŮһۣŮ첮ľ죬һۺתСɣô£
Сɡ顱һ°Сڵϣİƣһīģúã޼ɣѽô֪͵͵ģ
̧ͷƵĽ
ĽҡͷЦЦûҲûֻһָоԳԣû뵽ˡ
С̾ѡ

첮£˿˿Ƥ£ڣǸˡ
ĽСͶȥѯʵСŤͷŮС㣬˵ɣ
ţ޼ɹ˵ҲáŮͷ
Сɵү˹磬үϵʱˣīһʱ侮ʯҪɱү
Ľͷ
СɵīİǴһ廨廨ֻаһĻǸ뻤İڴһʵ֣һǸһ
ĽЦҽҡ
ķɵС̾ǿҰɣ
Ľͷá
첮ӣǸоģ
ĽŤͷǣҲ֪ΪΣǸоһģҪɱǵģԡ
ء첮
Ľˣ޼־ˣ֪û
첮룬СɣСҡͷû˵зɵõѽҲû˵޼֡
Ůˣˣ޼ɹӣˡ
ĽֵС㻹ɵַܼ򵥣ֻ˵ףﶼɡ
ôףСͷ
Ľһ֣첮ѷɵγĵĵݸĽɵմѪ
ĽһɵѪ˦ɵָࡣ
첮΢۾޼治ɫһˣκһʹˣҲ㡣
ĽʵйһԼĵף̫鷳
һöɵݸСɣֵһöŮŮһ£Ľ֣սӹˡ
Ľŷɵʾһ߽˵ַϣȷʵֻȼ䣬Ȼ˦ɵǰĵλã׼ǳ

ַ򵥣Ӧ׼ȴףŮ˼Σ׼ȷĽЦҡͷͺˣõΪһ塣
С룺õԼΪһ壿
ĽԭʲôҲǵãɷɵһ֣ϷϤоȻɵַһ
˿๦ءСɵͷϧûѽ
ĽЦûΣзɵ㹻ˡ
СҡͷԸһ˻ãԸ־ͲˣЩٶȸ죬ӦҲ죬䲻ǵġ
ĽЦŵɵһ֣ҾʲôС
ðɡСЦеĵͷķɵȷʵС㣬Ҫ޼ɸǰɣʲôҲǵãȥôѽ
Ů첮첮ü
Сæ޼ɣЩʲôѽ
ĽЦҡͷ֪أҪüҿǲǶ飿
Լ֣̾岻ڣȲ֣
ѽС㣬üСæ
Ůڰ֣Сһ뿪ˣһ飬ݸĽ
ĽϽӹһһҳһҳȻǵڶһ鶼ˡ
ôСһֱ۰ͰͿţ飬æʣǲǵã
Ľͷ
ģСͷ
ĽЦҪұһԣ
Сһ飬һҳðɣ㱳һһΡ
ĽһۣűУСɵɴ۾Ȼַһҳı顣
屾鶼ˣСɵͷѽЩһΣ㶼ˣ
첮ŮһۣĽԽŪˡ
ܽ屾鱳ľһĶˣ¹๦ģ屾Ǿ壬һȤζ飬ȣŶѡ

С㣬޼ɰɣСɵ
Ů޼ɹӣǻΣգǹӲµĻæɡ
ĽЦлС㣬Ȼ£Ҳ֪ȥ
лˡŮ
Ľ֪Сķ
ŮСŮӲ
С㡣ĽͷʲôҲǵãƻĿǰֻݾӴ˴ˡ
ؿҡͷӸѣȺúЪһЪؼ齡
ǡĽͷ
ׯƽͣжʧ룬Ǵҹ㡣
СЦС㣬߰ɣչ޼ɡ
һۣСɣңùӺúϢ
֪С㡣СЦ
첮뿪Сݣ˼װϡ
ٶȺܿ죬棬緭أķĵ˵Ů첮޼ɹӵ׿ɲɿ
첮ϷӦòǻˣʧ˼䣬ˮ¡
û书ƫƫɵ׼һӵѧʣһ֮ˡ
첮ҪҴɵĵӣҵӣҪһѰСɵⲢ¡
ҡҡͷû
š첮ϷѾԹˣȷʵûɵʹҲס
ʣ첮ӵס𣿡
첮룬ҡҡͷϷӦܱܹĻбӰ죬ǡ
΢
첮ͷһַɵȷʵףӦ¹һ๦ģҹǴСġ
ϧŵġ̾
첮СİɣһСĵġ
ͷС˵εöСġ
ǣСģҲ졣첮ͷ

СĽǲˣǲˣĽҡͷ˸߲ҵ׷ʷɵ
Ľһһ˵Ҳδ˽ɵĹؼǿǸо˶ؼǿ츳ޡ
һ㣬һ˶֪Ͷľϣܴﵽ׼֮٣һǿ߾츳޷ǿġ
һ㣬˶֪СһӣߣҲδǿԼĽһ׼
󴬻дһֱϣ˵ڶʱ֣һͷͣѾ׻ǣҪЪһϡ
Ľָúܿ죬Ѿܹ齣һ봬˰׻ǡ
׻Ƿ֣λڴӱߣĽͨҪҪͣһ׻ǵķ
һ۷¥¥㣬Ҫһӣ²ܴˣ첮СɣĽڣʮߵڣΧռݣǳСġ
Ľߣв㣬ţ첮СվһߣǱϾб𣬲ºעعء
첮Ϳ๦ߣһֱź򣬴ССɣҲǴСŲһңб𣬲ܻ˹أһϳԷ
Ľˣȴǿˣͬ
ѧʼĽ˵ԭΪĽû˼䣬ʲôҲ֪ɵһ㣬û뵽̸Ľ飬¶ѧʡ
²ɫ̸˼Ũ˲̸£˵£ֻ˵壬˵ϲ
һԲ岻죬ҲģƽʱŮ찮飬ڼΪŮӣĽһȴࡣ
Ľ˵˴˵ӣ߰£ʵѵõϧЩŰؾɡ
˵һӻĽȻüһ˦ʱ顱⴫һ죬첮һ絽ǰ¿һ¾װźڵһ
һ̽ͷڻſǽϣһ̽ͷ˶Ϻһһٶȼ졣

첮һ޹⣬Լһȴһû
飡飡죬첮¶һƣǻȥȴһ֮󲻵׹䣬ббһӣ˹
Ľһ͡һХУ˵ߵĺ˶ʱߵķݣֱֱ׹¡
һ˼״תҪƮߣ׹һ飡һҲ׹䵽ϣȻˡ
첮Ӵ£ƮƮ䵽λãһǣǺеò
̾ɵίʵǰ˵ܶùڿԼдˣǶ㲻ķɵ
ɵȡù֮ȻƮ¥صӣЦŰѷɵݻĽ
ĽЦȡ˰ɣ
첮ͷˣ
ĽЦ徲ίʵǻīģ
ǡ첮ͷһֱģιӷֵ磬ȻܵóѣǶ
ĽֵһᣬˣҾһ
¶ЩᣬĽ̾Ѿ֮⣬Żڡ
ҡͷīɱʤɱϷΪʱīû뵽Ҹȼίʵʹϧ
ĽЦʹϧʲô
Ҫаˡ̾˿ľǰգΪ˸ĸߣȻҪľؼֵأ
첮үǾɱˣûա
Ըˡҡͷ̾ϢϷҲΪˡ


3 ʦ
첮үֻҪ˰׻ǣϾͲ£īﲻҽĵ̡
¸׺һīһīֻϷ򵱳δնݳ䵽棡
첮ү࣬ЩСֵһᣡ
ЦЦ죬°οˣϷôһͣҲûʲôһߣûչˣֻܹӲд
˵ʲôأ
첮ү˵ⲻģõⲻģīﲻֵһᣡ
ĽЦЦҵֻҪһӱ˺ܴС㣬֮ͬ죬Ϊ
ȷʵľ֮ĻԹȥʡ£ûвȿٲ
˵֮ʧȫˣڣʤɵǿ
⼸һֱоΪʧȥڶͬԭһɢȥ
ķָܿʩչķȫ䣬˿Ĵڡ
ⲢΪԱһѹ׵ı£Ҳܶһֱϣ˵̫ΣգڻóȻ֮Ҫطһӣ˽˵
óȻ¶еΪһǿĶ֣һĨڵ£䣬ٴʦڴ˽磬³̶ȿɼһ㣬ܴ⡣
էʾֲ̫˴ʦģû취ôң÷ɵ֣չַɵ˳ˮۡ
ǰ磬ɵѹ䶥ľѧؼʱʩչһ磬뷴ѧѹ䶥ľѧɵ⡣
⼸칦ָϡչôָ
ͬĻָһֻһʱһһҹʮʱ
ϡķչĽЩ˵ȴĽһƲףߵ·Ӳͬ
ǾԴжһ֮ͨʳã߶ͨתá
һ磬ǵķתת֮
ͬȴ࣬ĽҲһ촦޷ţֻܴ壬һ뿪壬ϻ⡣
ʹʦΪһƳȥƷҲһ΢磬ûв˲ˡ
磬ǿ壬֮ٶȣԿǿˡ
һ书ĸ¸ؼҲܲסһûıǿҲܲס
Ľ֮˳⣬ƤѾ仯ΪˣǸֳı

Ҫ˸ͷţ
ҡͷҲѱ
ô˵ҲɳһЩ
̾˿ҡͷڱѹôһҲֲ
ü̫ˣ
¸̾Ϣ͢Ϊһֱѹ֣ˣһԲϰεгرɱ¾˻֮Դ
ĽʵС㣬λǡ
Сɵ޼ɣիիк룬Ĵ֣û˵
ĽҡҡͷһҲǲãիի
Сɵիλڼ֪ܲҲҪ죬Ǿ͹˰׻
µͷС˵Զˮⲻ˽ʣ˰ɡ
첮ҡͷӢһȴƵǱʵˣ
µЦЦǽ֣ӣϷȰĪ̤֣粨ţ
ĽЦǣлˣҲ̤־ǡ
ү첮ĽЦһַɵЩϧˣɲʲô˶ó
°ڰ֣նĶЩ֣ӣ֣
ĽҡͷЦ˻޼ɼɣû˼ƽƽͺá
Ǻǣѵѵá¸Ц˶úܣ޲ø޼ľʵѼ
ĽЦǲֻ֪֮ǿϣԾ˼
޼̹ҲѵáЦ֪պһɣƽʱ飬ϷԴ㾭壬󿼸پͳˣپ̣Ҳڡ

ĽһƳӣûչѧ㻹Ͻʦ
첮ǺЦϲү״Ԫү
Ľȭ֣һ񣺡ʦ
Ѿ䣬Ϊ̫ΣգҪһ㱣ڻܰɴ¡
ĿľħħĻþףʥһ㣬Լ˴ʦĲβӴõ
磬ҪӴħҲҪﵽ߲ΣԼΪ䲻Щʦ˵죬ֻ֣Ҫ躹ޣʵ
вѧһݣܼԼݡ
յˣݸĽĽǰڵأŲյϡ
жϥлƽ𣬵ʦصǴ壬ʦǾǴ治Ľʵ⣬µѧʼԶԼ֮ϣĵʷ壬սߣһͨһ˼꣬ǻ۸ʦָ㣬Լ
䲻书ȴѷָ֣ʤһһɵʮָʮ˵Уѧȴɵˡ
΢ЦŽӹյһڣŵϣ΢ЦãУպҪǱжĪҪĶ⣡
Ľǣ
°ڰ֣ɣ󲻱ؽЩ񣬡ѧʼõģ̫ңδγ磬⼸ͺúһ붼Щ飬һһһѧ
Ľͷǣ
Цϲյһõӣ
¸ЦдĽ޼ʼã˵ʧ˼䣬ѧʶڣϸĥ꣬Խѧˣ
ЦеĵǾףʦֽˡ
ĽЦʦùˡ
Ȼ˿ڣԴ֮󣬹ϵҲͬˣһˡ
СɻϲؽеС㣬һ޼ʲôѽ
ͽүɡ
СЦүû뵽үأ
ĽķɵΪᴳ֣ĽʦһͲܴˣʵڿϧ
ᣬݺȥʹ죬
˵أȻ顱һ죬ȴԱߵӴ漴ǽ
첮ɫһ䣬ȥ
˵һӵ棬Сɰνվźӱýġ


4 
ĽߣЦʦ治
¸ҡͷ֮дֲϷܲҲ
ĽЦʦѧʶԨΪ֮˵ء
ºǺЦ鲻飬Խһ֮ԣΥĻһҲԣ
Ľܸͨоõľ̹η壬һ㼴ʹΪԼҲԶԶ硣
Ƕ£ĶӣԼܼģ粻ͬʹ𷨾Ҳɡ
ԼΪĲΪ֪ô£δ֪Կ־壬һˣҲû˿־塣
ȴ֪ͬô£ȴƾܿס־ʴǹ̹䣬ֵʦ
Ľʦ׵˶ٵ
¸ҡͷϷûкøУʱɱ˲ٵ˼ɣڶϷˡ
ĽüǾû˳ʦ
ҡͷЦЦ̬ůϷ޹һᣬ֮ˣֵǰװ
Ľһµͷ⵹Ҳǣ֮ܺԣҲԹǣʦҲġ
ЦϷʲôģһˣϷôãˣûʲôˡ
ĽüʦټΣ
ʮˡµ
ĽʦͲѽΪΡ
ϷǱΪ񡣡ҡͷ̾˿¶ȼ飬̾Ϣ粨񣬻ºգԲСľͶɴñϷĶô꣬Ҳʵھˡ
ĽüʦǱյĹ٣˰зɣ
šµͷûУ
ĽīЩ˻᲻ǡ
¸΢Ц޼ɣ㲻뵽һ㣬ǿöࡣ
޼ʦ֣˵ǵеֶΣ
ĽͷʦΪԷʦ𸴰ɣҪնݳ󻼡
пܣͷ

˵Сɽ棬ձʱҪ˳ȥ߷Ӵ顱죬첮
üһſڣСɽ侲ûȥ뷨ֻǾվš
ĽԵͷСƽʱŴֵģ棬һ£ȴ侲츳ʵ
ʦ첮ֺܺãһ˰ɣĽʡ
¸׵ͷĹȷʵףЩڣȻ类ɱˡ
첮书ǼߵģΪһ֡
ү첮̴ɷʱһ䣬˼ȡ
ɾˣ
ǡ첮ͷīļһ겻ɢ
µϾҪ׻ȷʵ񡣡
īҹ׻׷ɱڲɱ˰׻ΪҪ֡
Ľ첮ҿʵһš
Ǹֲ࣬˶ڣҲܲס첮ҡͷ̾һү
Ľ룬üıܵסǰɣ
첮ҡҡͷǵɳɱлãʿ˾Ͳˡ
Ľͷ书ɳѧͬһ󿪴أһСɾ£ɳȻʿռţȷǿ֮أɳѧʩչռˡ
Ľ˵Ǿûл֮ˣ
첮̾˿Цɢүһʧƣﶼ侮ʯûл̿ġ
°ڰֵ죬ҲԹñˣϷΪ̫ʧܣûʲôѡ
Ѳüڿ˹ʹأǲǣ
ţµͷˣϺҲָˣգ
ߵһȴ䵽³˳ݺʵڲ̫ƽ
ɵѾͷºƽ¸΢Ц

˳Թ󣬵Աһջס£һԺӣ˵Ϊȴ˼ңԭǸ˼ҡ
Ľס᷿Сסݣס£첮ס᷿ЩʿߵԺס¡
Ľһ죬̸ʷ
Ľ缢ƿʵţЩ֪ʶһһĨڣҪ˽⣬粽С
֪ʶԴͨµ죬֪ķ飬ʷƹʣҲ֪Ĺ졣
¾һ֪ʶ⣬ʡȴ˽⣬¿˺ѧ֪ʧ˼䣬ϻοҲģؼǣĽԾˣĿܾһĵʵһܡ
һ˵һʱۼ䣬֪ҹɫĽ¶⣬Цʦɫˣ͵ɣʦҲúϢ
ƿգѾбɢԣЦǲˣһ˵˵ôãðɣȥ˯ɡ
ǡĽȭҪ˳ӣȻɫ΢䣬һһ׹⣬顱һ졣
첮ٿһһһϮɫҹ£ͷסΨ¶һ˫۾
ĵƹ͸ϣһöɵڵƹζ˸Ө⡣
첮һ亹ǡȥɱֺʱ֣ȻϢԼӲˣ
ĽҡҡͷҲīİɣ
úãīﻹ治С֣첮ɫ࣬˫ܣҧЦ
ĽڣһүѱԼҲջϡ
īˣĽ̽ͷ
׼ǵɣ첮ߵ
Ľҡͷʱ͵͵ģ֪ģҪǸղʦһ̽ͷһ£һûо
첮һͰֵأī

¹ˮ첮ͷĽ˵첮ѷɵµݻĽ
С˳ΣСɺߵô£
첮ҧһ龭˵ˣСһҲŵòᣬ¡
΢ЦҲҪֿ޼ɻ
Ľʦࡣ
һĽʦֻǾȶˣһ˵Ρ
ǾīĴɱ׶༪٣⻹Ǻкñء
¹ˮӨĹϣˡ
Ľ鲻䣬Ϳ͸ɴݣȷʵòˣѷѩһȴҲһһ˶
Ϸ˺ޣ˰աָָϵĺˣ֪̾ʱǸͷ
үǹ˰׻Ǿͺˡ첮
Ը˰ɡҡͷ²īģǰɱ֡
ʦܲĽͷ
첮ü鷳ˣ
Ҫھֵˣ
첮ҡͷС㣬ɵģھֶԸһĵ֮໹УԸЩɱ֣á
ǿô죿ü
üţԽˣ
ĽʦɣҶɱУҪҰʦΣ
ʦɵӣüôܰɣ
ĽЦ첮ǲһ
첮ŵͷôһ־ѧǸıһò߽ܿס˵ģ
ĽЦӣԶͺá
°ڰֳ޼ɣⲻɡ
Ľʦ׳һַɵԴɱܷӦʦȴɣô˰ɣ
첮һ£Ľֿ£үֵһԣ˵үΣգүɱУзɵܷӦ
Ľֿ£ȴû˵

ôǰѲµΣռ޽ӵĽϣȾж־Σʵڲʲôð취
첮˵Ҳмֵ޼ʦֶɱУзɵѧΣճֵһ˲
ϾΣյ£һʧ֣֮ܿǡ
Ľʦ㲻Ҳ˵ҴѲܸܲջһ˰ɣ
ֻҡͷɲɣϷѣֵˣ޼򲻿ɣ
޿ɡ
첮Ȱ˼䣬ĽּţԶʤԼԸˣԼҲɣǾֻһˡ
ȴܾûת徵أ첮ֻε̾뷨Ľ
Ľ̾ˣֻʦ˯һˡ
Ǿʦˡæ
ãĽţһ¾ͷˡ
һεûܾЦҲã˵˵Ҳܴʱ䡣
Ľ˵ΪͶĳ죬첮书ǿѧʶɣŮ˼ݣϾŮҲʲô˵
ȥĽһŴ齽˯һݣڴߣºܿ캨˯
ĽΪ˯˯ν侫ǿᣬһ˯ʱӡ
磬Ȼõħ֪ܼ򲻵òħ档
ϣʼ˼Ůþûز׺ˣ֪ˡ
һλȥ̽Ѿһˣ֪ʦǵĽΣû޳ɲ׺񽣡
÷ʦʦǽΣ᲻вۡ
˼У֪磬һʱɫ

˳Թ֮ûֱ뿪׻ǣСԺŵȣһֱ첮Ҵһ
첮󣬾ֱĽǰ⿪ϵİϴ֮һס
еŹ֣һŵķɵ飬ÿһѶСɾ£Ľķɵһ޶
үʱ̫ϣֻôˡ첮ѹŷɵ׵ݸĽǸȻһʮö
ĽЦŽӹ˵ࣺʮö㹻ˡ
ǣӦùˣЩ˼õľ첮
ĽЦл첮ˡ
¸׿ףҡͷ޼ɣԽˣĪҪ֣
ĽЦҡͷʦΪԱˣһ׿Ҳֳģ
¶ЦݣãɳǿʤУ˾õ츳
ĽͷʾףĿһȷʵǼʺϣͳһ״Ԫ
磬˵ĵλԶʤˣȻͬ磬˿Ϊ٣ȴǲٷ¯ǿָ֣Գ͢Ҳʵʵ
첮ӣǰŲ£ŲĽڲ½ӱߣ첮Сڲԡ
ҪһƬȥӱ뿪һ뿪ĵؽ磬īˡ
һ֣Ľͣס˽Ųһ֣첮æŰ֣ͣ¡
үôˣ첮ʡ
ĽüҾòԾ
첮ʡ
ĽͷСʻ괬ͣһͣɣ汻С
Ҳǰ취첮ܣïֿܵ棬ڲ֡
Ľȵȵȿ˭ȳס
첮ҡͷ̾һţðɳȥġ
ĽЦҲʲôãɻȥҲʡ׸첮û
Ը˰ɡ첮ҡͷ̾ڣи̽·ģһĨڡ
ĽȻһ˦֣͡һ׹⻮ﴫһ죬漴һУȥǣ
ʱŲһƬ⽣ֳ

үˣ첮æһȳȥС½ǰֽСĽ䱸
Ľüֲͣ˦һһ׹⣬ÿһ׹ⶼһƬӰ첮ΧС
һʮ˶Ǹ֣ʮ˰Χ첮ܶʮ˳Ľ
ٶ죬ͻɽˣСս΢¶ʱ׼ǰƴ
ĽȵվڽǰֲͣĻӶһ׹Уʮ˾һȫǺ˷ɵŷɵȥ
ĽֲͣʮѷɵΪ׹һգʮ˽ˣһ첮Ҫˡ
Ѿ˽ӣΣɴ֪Ľķɵ׼Ҳ㣬һһת۹ȥʮǿҵĴ̼
ɱݣĽϣɱ˱ȸݻס
Ľ˶֣һ£Ц첮Ҫɣ
첮µҡҡͷתȥŵһˣҡͷЦүû뵽ɵ
ĽЦԽԽˣɱҲûоˣɱһֻûʲôǻīģ
ǡ첮ͷЦǵ书ͦﵽˮ׼ˣ
Ľһü
ˮ׼Ǵʦˣ
ǵõ˵죬ʦ֣ڿǵΪԶʦ
漴ĽŪˣǵΪܲʦڶĴʦΪʧһЩԼ
ʦķȾһ֮ء
ؼǣָעʦ磬ãעˣԵҪԿġ

ĽţֻҪЩʦܹѧķȻúŬһһ֮С
´ʦ֮󣬷Ų¼ӣʵΪԼ޵ά磬ǿͱɱˡ
ĽĹƣʦҪָ磬ҪʱǱĿޣǰҵһŶķ
һ粻ͬķҲͬķĹؼת֮٣һķĹؼתĶ٣߽ȻͬԭĴʦķá
ʦûƣǿһͬķʦתһʱתʮ죬һ˿ܽ٣ǴʦڣҴʦľҲȻ°빦ָܻʦ֮ơ
Щīеĸ֣Ľʡ
첮ҡͷīֿɲۣܳĻûأСĵҹҪ־ˣ
Ц첮ʦһַɵҲ£
Щ죬ɵδС첮ҡҡͷ̾ǻǿ߰ɡ
첮Щˡ
첮ҡҡͷ˲ˣȻʰǸϽߣԽԽã
Ľͷ첮֮߰ɣʦãī˻ģӶ
̾˿ҡҡͷǺοأ
һ·˲ٵīڣȴ֪ƣ׷ɱǷ蹷һ㣬ҪɱɣûɱɷԼ͸ˡ
첮ָʹܲƴˣһݲˣ
߰ɡͷ˽ӣڰ֡
˽ߣܿ촩֣һ֣ǰʮγһվڴ룬ǡ

첮΢۾һۣ¶Ц̾үζһĸ֣Сĵɡ
Ľͷ첮ԡ
оõʮ˵ϢӿȣΣǰ֮˿ɱȣһ֡
ԼԱһ£Щ˵ΪԼ·𣬿һķ죬㾳磬治ס
Ȼԭм԰֮⣬ԼһʦҪҪ꣬ȴأ˲ôʦ֮ͨ⣬Ϊڡ
ڿԼˣԭΪϡٶΪޣڿЩ˵Ϊ֪Լ뵱ȻˣЩ˵Ϊǿúܡ
ŽīѣһССīȻôĸ֣ÿһѷԼΪʵ
īˣ˱Ĵ񲻸ӾˣԼһΪίʵǿ绹Σա
Ψһ̾ǷɵƿսԼľӰ죬ȷʵˡ
첮үСģǸΪˣϷǶ֡
ĽЦǾǲīģŪˣ첮ȥɡ
á첮ͷ˵ʮа˾ǣܲŪˡ
ǰʮ֮ǰȭ֪λ׳ʿ·кιɣ
һüɨһ첮˪üǲ°ɣ
첮ü֪ү£
úãǲãǾͲЦһһ֣ϰɣսپ
ǣ˳Ӧٿӹ첮ߣ
첮ȵīˣ
Ϸī߻ͷ
첮ȵīī
ϷԶ֣ҲĿˣīЦѾ˵˽ǰ̽

͡׹֮Х׹Х֮ǰѾ䴩˾˵ؿڡ
ûܷӦ׹Ѿ䴩ǰӣȴǵһ㣬ҪѾ⣬ǰһ󷢰ĸоǡ
ĽЦеվڲߣҡͷʦã㲻óġ
ɴžŸ˻أĵ֣һźȴռȻ
첮ʱϲĽķɵˣЩһ֣ǵġ
ȴ֪Ľķɵƿս⣬һ˶ܵĻᣬֱ䴩Ŀڡ
㡭īȻɫ䣬ָĽŵĵɴ۾
ĽЦеҡͷʦСܹ˺ģʶȤĻ߰ɣҲϾɱ
ããī˫ۺˣݺݵĵĽһַɵϷҪһ
첮ĽȥĽҡҡͷ·㲻ߣΪηҪŹأ
첮εģȹأ
ī˫ƻӶۻңӰ׷ɣĽǰʮͣסϿһöɵ
첮īĶ֣īһֱģ붼ĽзɵϣĽһīŲ
ĽҲ֣ŷɵվţʱһ·ɵڵλĿרעڲͬλá
īܹܵĽĿڣԼʽڣһɵԼ㲻
ĽÿһĿⶼҴ⣬ͣıУ첮ڴʵһ˼ڵֵĽϡ
һйīȻʡȥرʧõķǷضǽ
٣Ϻһһ첮Ľ
Ľ΢۾쵽ǰʱȻһ˦֡
ͣһ׹ХдһƺߣīȻأߵķݣ顱Ȼ졣

첮Ҳ顱һأһСɷ˹ȥ첮ǴѪɫ԰ס
첮㲻ҪɣСæ
첮ҡҡͷīǰīδ泯ţ˫źķɵ죬ȴ˵
ҹȥСɴŵӿ˼ۣ첮ȴ˫΢ţŷɵ̾
īȻһȣ漴Ȼ۾ûϣ첮ָ۾ҡͷ̾īİôˣǽ
С̾ķɵ
첮̧ͷĽĽڵ˵ûעߣ񲢲ߵ¡
첮½ǰүīѾīӦøһˡ
µã߰ɡ
ǡ첮ͷߵĽǰϷɵүõ
ĽӹɵףЦû첮ǣ̽ʵһ߿ˡ
Ϸ򲻳ɵġ첮ҡҡͷЦүظˡ
Ľҡͷ첮ʵīΪǿᣬ죬ǿǰֵ㵽ǣһ䲻ģ
첮΢ͷĽĻ
Ϊī书ȷʵǿ䲻ģƫƫ޷ıɵУʵڹŹ֣ǱүƵ
һĽȻίʵ£һ־һɱˣʵھˡ
ǰүǲףүǰˣĻƾһ־˵ķɵˣ
ɱīٲ˰ɣС˸ĵ
첮ͷīһӦò׷ɱˡ
ͺСɽЦһ·ˣܰЪһЪ


5 
һ˻صϣʮӵվڴϣĴֻԶԶܿҿ
˽ӣ˴˶㣬ĽûȥվڼװϣԶ׻ǡ
СӯƮߣŤͷүôһֱüͷɱī𣿡
ĽԶҡҡͷҾ֡
ʲôСʡ
Ľ˵īΪһ֮ôɱر顣
СƲһС죬ߵʲô飬ˣ͸ۣ
ĽջĿСɵīɱԽ޶Ҫүǣ֪жأ
Ǿһֱû˹ܣĽüЩǸʲôģǲ壿
СƲƲߣЩͣ
ĽЦǿ岻Щʿī˲񣿡
СЦҡͷүʲôҲǵˣһ˵壬Ϊ˳Ҫûô˭£
ĽīҲ°ɣ
īīûģһȥˣҵõīСҡͷү˴ȥīƾָָɣ
ĽüͷЦī˲ָôܵס͢ľӣ
СͷЦָǿôܵס͢ľӣĸ֣뷢Ҳˣ
ĽĬȻ뵽ԭĲͬԭ磬ţһ˴ʦľ磬İҲûãԳһƬأʦƬصˣġ
磬ǿҲţֻܶܣ뵲ס˺Ӳ
ӲҲܣƴһף㹻㹻ǿӲҲûá
磬ʦһƽӹ˴ԭ粻ͬϡָӣǾҲɢ⣬ΪԭǲͬģҲͬԭá
Ľ֮ãҲѰ졣

̾˿ҡͷСɣ䡣
ףСɵɴЦ䣬㻹Ҫ䣿
ĽҡͷЦֻɵʲôҲᣬȻˡ
ôСЦеģȻһưĽһӭ顱һ죬ȲСȴ
Լ۾ɵø󣺡⻹书
ĽüԼ˫ƣٿСɣ
Сɽһһ˽ǰһ£Ľӭϣ顱һ죬Сɺôľ
ĽɻĿԼ˫ƣü˼СҲţһԼ󣬶
ιĽҡҡͷЦʲôҲ벻ˣ
Сɽ߳һ嵽Ľǰ˫ֻ裬
Ľһĳ顱һ죬ӰʧСĽ
ǰĽΪĽûһš
򵥵һƣȴд׾ĸоҲǼġ
߳һٴγƣƷԽѤۻҡ
Ľȴһĳ顱һٴ
СȷĽǴ׾Ϲɵģֲ죬ȫſˡ
Ľüһĳ顱ְСɻˡ
С˺󼸲˳һ´µһ˿ΪѪתԽޡ
Ľҡͷʲô书
ĽҡͷЦ֪Ǳܣʶĳˡ
С룬ȷʵ֮Ʒһ㣬ƫƫСؼľ
߶ʮһһֱԼܱ

˵䣬첮ЦСɣô£ôˣ
СԼ֣Ľƾ̫ǿ飬Ҫŷɣһߴ߶⡣
ŤͷЦ첮ԭүǸأ
š첮ЦŵͷүķɵģȷʵǸ֡
ǡСЦүɵƷҲúܣǴ򲻹үģ
棿첮ŤͷĽ
ĽЦʲôƷǲǵˣҳƣʲôƷСɱ˵
첮㲻žԣСɵ
첮˿ĽЦүָ̣
ĽͷҲá
һֱ书ҲҪҪһȣ޷һЩһֱ¶书̫Ҫ¶硣
ȭ첮Ϻһһ絽ǰȭ紸Ӱ£ʹһɺ
Ľ̾һ첮ɱٵˣɷɭɭܿӰ쾫
һĳȭͷཻʱȻһ󣬻Ϊնն첮
첮ŤɿȭͷĽһơ
顱첮˺סˣĽ
Ľȵվԭأ£첮¾죬û뵽Ľ־ḻǱܷ壬
뾢ͬһЩȴ˾һ֣ˮֱӴݻ壬ҲȴҪؾųɣΪ
Ľü첮عҡ
첮ҡҡͷ̾ү
ĽЦЦ첮ɣ뿴һ־жǿ
á첮ͷһһĽǰѸ⣬һȭѾĽؿڡ
Ľһ顱һվţһư顱첮ٴκҡͷЦүô󣡡
첮αҪңĽҡͷ
첮Цүģ̫󣡡үվҪԿ
Ľü
үСˣ첮һĽǰȻӰĽСɸ켸֡

ĽӰȻһƳ顱Ӱһʧ첮һ
ĽܸܵӿĴ˼ӿˡ
첮쿴ĸ첲ͷȻǺ򡣡
Ľ첮ҵķô
첮ҡͷ̾үѵķҲǲã
ĽüҡͷҺûѧķʲôҲǵá
үƷ첮ʡ
ĽҡͷҲ֪ʲôƷƷֻ׼һĹȥƾŸоǲƷ
첮ü룬ҡҡͷҲĽΣΪƷˣֻʣ˱ܣǴƾűܡ
ؼֵϱʮ꣬ǵ񣬵
ĽղŸ첲ϵļⴿǺķȻӦ
ү㵱⹦ûѧڹķ첮Ƭ̣˵
Ĺֲһһѧ˺򣬾Ͳķͻġ
ĽķӦĲӦòǳˣϧȫ⣬;ʵڿϧ
ĽټϺʵھ䣬ˣݺ£ϧ֪ι׹ʧ˼䣬ɢ˹ҪǾˡ
뵽üǽɱС֪᲻ǻ뵽үı£ַ
үһ˫ۣܿ͸ģռı£ܹԤףȻ޼ΪӣǾͱ޼ɿſɿ

Ľ첮֪ܲѧڹķ
ү㵱ǺҪѧڹķ첮
Ľͷʲôķǵˣûӡ󣬼ȻѾ֣Ҫǿеı£˶ҵķɵҾˡ
⵹Ҳǡ첮ͷүѧķȴҲס
Ľ˿
첮ԭϷķ䲻ҲϧŹ治ܴˡ
Ľ¶ʧɫԭˣǾͲ鷳첮ˡ
ŤͷСɣСæ֣Ҳɵģʦܴ˵ģȻҪҵС˵ˣҵķŮģ㲻ɵġ
ĽοЦô˵Ҳˣ
СҡҡͷСҲûķأҪȥʦɣͲ
իĽЦ
ѽСɵͷիķҵǶأ
첮ͷ书Զʤңν֣ѧյĻòүӣزܾ
Ľһ£ͷǺãҸʦ˵һ
˸ǣ¥ϣ˲µӣ˵Լ뷨ü޼ѧ䣿
ĽͷǣʦԱı¡
üҡҡͷѧϧˣԺԸߣרѧʷĻϣȡʤçְٱ
ĽʦѧٺãٴûԱıҲɣʦΣѧĲ棬ѧʣϴͦõ𣿡
޼ɣһĲܶã˵ݼߣúܣмܿȡҡͷΪȻĵר־ΪΪοĶ⣿˵ˣ书ٸߣݽһ˹ЩֲçðϷǰ˹٣䵽زΣ˷
ĽЦʦͶ϶һܿȡ
ʣټϷָ㣬ܳɹ°Ȼ

Ľҡҡͷʦһѧ书Ա
Сӣҡͷʧ̾ˣһ˵˵ղҿˣ
Ľ¶Цݣлʦ
ҡͷ޼ɣ㲻ԣкڵʱ򣡡
ĽЦʦİɣһģѧΪ˳һڹһȡһ
Ը˰ɣҡͷ㻹ᣬ֪еİԶûеλ͢ɻúܣҪ㲻¶书
Ľü㣿
ˡµͷ;̰ĵģ룬Ĺٵвһָ֣ʱᱩѣ˭ܷģƷ֮ϣʹܷ𣿡
Ľͷ˵ˣ鷳¡
䣬Ҳ¶⣡³Ļǰ׶ˣй
Ľüܲصס
ҹѡҡͷʱ˲̽
ĽЦҡͷ˵ˣ
µһڹǿ廹ɣɸ֣ǸûԵĻᣡ
Ľüͷһ뵽֪ܲסϢ
ķΪڣڵһؼʱȻ
˵ϡԵǿᣬΪõģΪΪҪķ
һˬʵĴЦĽ֮۴򿪣һСƮƮת۹˽ǰһԾƮƮ䵽ϡ
Ľ˳Ŵ⿴ȴС첮ڱȭ񣬴һһӡ
СɽЦ
ǻ˺ǺЦСɣûɣ
Ľһӣ޳¡ۣӢˣʹͣʮ㣬ӷ籦ʯһ⡣
ǻӢˣӢ͸żְǹվߡ
ĽܲµóӾǺˣ֪һͽܣǶӡ
СɽЦ
šһ㶡
СɵīѾ
īˣЦ˭ɱһ֣
ֻ֪֣ù˴ڡ
СҡͷЦûҵķݶܶ˵үѾأȥɡ


6 츳
СѾͷ飡ҡͷЦ棬תҰݼɡ
ǡСɵͷȻź¥ݡ
Ľüë뿴ʦö࣬ȴ󣬿ġ
˵ϡ̲ǣʵǡǡ෴ԪңԶʤǰ硣
Ľ֪ͨ˵˵ģģ书ķǲˡ
֮۴򿪣¥µ⣬ţţ˱ȭ΢ЦҲ񣺡塣
°ڰ֣ʾⲻضЦһû˰ɣòãɴСˣ
СӲҡͷЦ²󣬰Сôֵܣī鷳ˣ
ͷʾ˵ȻСɣϲ裬й
ǡСɽӦһǰţС㣬үкأǺ
飬Է飬ü۷Ź⣬һԱߡ
ӯӯݣΪ񣺡硣
һ۲ûɴĹӨüˣϧ
ЦǺǣֶŮԽ֪ҪļСӣɶˣ
ȾΣס
ҡͷЦ֣ˣѾͷĸúܣûп۵ģϷҲͷ۵úܣ
ǺЦҡͷֶŮɫҪúһҪϱ
̧ͷɿ쿴һ۶Ļ꣬һ
ǺǡЦֵܣ᲻ã
ҡͷЦҿ˵㣬Ҫʷˡ
ҡͷֵ̾ܣʲôãһҿߣôˣڸˣʵʧ磡
ЦҲΪ˶徻ѶΪ֮

˵Ц޼ɣĽҡͷǵĽ鼫ãǶ顣
ı飬Ȼ꣬һ˫۷Ź⣬˱ӣȻҲϲġ
˵ɲŮòΪ䣬˵òŮڱЩȴܿѹƣŮˣؼҵħԭ磬úóһڶڳϣˡ
ԭΪΪ죬ԭһ㣬Ӧ棬˵Ԫ٣翣Ҳһ߿ܣԼ֪ȫô£Ҳ˳ͷ
Сɶ˲үҪҪү
ڶأȲش°ڰ֣СɡŶһŤͷӡ
Ľüͷһ
ʦΪβԼ룬⣬λʦСǻ۹ˣʤԼһҲĸԸİʦ
үЦֵܣʱжˣ
ҡͷЦյһѧ
˲ֵۣһ¡Ц
µҪĶ飬׼ȳԷʱټ١
ֵ㲻ţõ
ҡͷ̾ºն˵ֲߵ˵׼˵£һһûˡ
ɫͷǵҪС׽׽ˡ
֪Լλ۹׼Ҳ̣ۣΪӣǿȡʮþȡ
µС˱˼Ҹء
˵ʡ
µһһֱīţСӱѧã䣬Ҫϰء
Ǻǣܴ̼ˣⶼҵĴ뿪Цҡͷ̾£Ѫյģ뷨
СӾúܣҡͷ̾˿һֱң룬ķҲãԱɱУֻǿͺá
Ц⵹ҲǣҪһ񡣡

µֻ֣ˣǳķͺãʲô֡
룬ЦȻֵſˣ˵գҴիľ
ٺò±ȭ
ЦҸ뿴λֶˣܵòֵ˺һء
Цҡҡͷֵ鷳ˣ
ǽ˰ɡͷҾеΡ
µͷţ˵뿴һš
ˡ첮Сڣ˵īѾˣ
ЦҲգ˰׻ī㲻Ϊǡ
˵̧֪ͷţһֱŲɼƲס۾Ѳ糺ɬ
Ľһݣߣ̤Сһվţæӭȥү
Ľͷȭʦ
µͷ޼ãɣѾӦķˣ
Ľȭ񣺡޼ɼ
úãȻһ˲ţĽЦֵ¿ĸţ֪жݲֵΪʦɵãɵúúϧ
ĽӦһǡ
Ľ˵òȡ˵ĲΣĽòƽƽҲ졣
ƽȴֵۣܵзǷ츳С
ָָ޼ɣС棬档
֡Ľȭ
š汧ȭһΪư
ˣĽûߵϢȻǸͨ书ģԾվĽǰϻվǰʱĽȻԽӸ¿Ľ

СɰƲһ죬˲ݸĽү
Ľӹյƽͣưú밵ԵͷԶԽͷۣ֪ʱǺȳʱװûºٺú˵һ˵
޼ɣֵ˵ѧڹķҿࡣЦܲիķ
Ľ֣Ƭ̣ŤͷЦֵܣҪ޼ɸ书
ôʡ
һ̾ɫĽ漰ʣͨĺòϣһͻͽ
үʱȺΣСʡ
¿һۣæͷһӶ㵽
ǺЦɵƣ
СɶʱһüëϲãҲ¶ϲɫ
ҡͷͣҲˣȱʮ׷ϣѧġ
æֵֵܣƾ޼ɵʣû׷ܳΪ֣Ǿ⣡
ºԥҡͷɱɱ̫Σգ
ҡͷֵܣ䣬ţʵڿϧ


7 ˷
ҡҡͷ֣㲻ض˵Ҳ޼ȥ֣ʱȵƽΪ
⵹Ҳǡͷ˵һܹԱȴҲ֮򣬡ðɣ㣬ʵڿϧˣ
ô¡ЦҲ̫߿
ֵܣ㲻֪֮һʦʣȱһɣ޼߼汸Ϊֲѡ
Цҡͷٶ˵
ˣģ̾˰ˣ˵ǣҴ޼˷
ǣĵĵͷ
֮˵ϻ̵ϸһЩĪҪի
׵ġ治ͷĵ
ŤͷЦЦʦܣǳȥ˵ɡ
Ľȭºǣ˳ݣĽЦʦ֣֪ȥ
Ҹصĵط
Ľɡ
ͷ˽ݣŹϣһڣԲƵǽߣóһƬյء
վմ룬˵ʼãѧѣի˷ķիѧĻһжڴˣիУֻ˷Ϊ֡
Ľüͷһͷ
ǧС˷ֻҪˣΪһֲѡ
ĽЦлʦ֡
ڰֵؿףȻ׷ԸˣȻӣˣ顣
˵ʩչһƣȻһƶ׷ǶףҪȴס
Ľɨһ۽ӡԺȻģ⿪һһģ⡣
ʽܾիѧѧģһʽӣ岻ΨƤ
Ľͷڡ

̾һһʽȷʵǶ֮䣬Ƕǡһ֮
ͨԺеģ⣬Ȼһ˿һƱζ˷Ȼ
ʵɻˣ
ĽЦŰһƣǡһƶ׷ǶԾԾչᣬΪŹ֡
һۣͷʲףȻãһ޼ʽ
˵һʣ˫ס˫㣬γһԲȻһ
Ľһۣһ˶⶯̫ѣҪǿᣬԶһ˿ɱȣֱ֮Ӹ
ãͷ̾һʽҲֽϣγһԲһ̫޼һʽĹؼ飬飬ܺ飬ûЧ
Ľͷ׮Ἣ̣غ˵һ⶯ܰϡ
󣬺Źֶ죬Ľһһһѧˡ
Ľһ飬ĽĶߵȻɻ˲ٵʱ䣬˲ٵĿ࣬˸ײٵĴû뵽һѧˣҪǸ׿Ҷǲǰѧˣ
ĽЦ⼸Ѱɣ
ߣѣûĵż򵥣һ˿ûôףָλã۹⣬Ҫһ˿˿ɲף㣬˲
ĽЦЦʦֹˣ
ҿɲ˵еĻһһǶǶߵ㲻ȷʵϧˣѧѧʲôΪһ֣ݺ£ңεȿαسӣһķ񣡡
ĽЦʦ˼Υ档
ǵҲǡͷǶƷԱϧ˵ᣬ˵վͰգ֮ˣһ书Ͷ񵱹ٵģС˼ϣ
ĽЦҡҡͷûж˵

˲ٵ飬ȻףĹŴ˵ָֺ֣ܣЩȴܵ
ĻǶˣǹԱٷ¯ƾ书ǿҲٸԿ³ֻһ
ƷΨжߣʹֻҪͨƾ٣һԾͥҲɱȨգֲָҷ
ᣬܻЩ֪ķĽȻ
νָ书书һȨһе磬书ǿеȨǿ
磬ʤֺܣڹźУĽ֮԰ݲΪʦڹС
򣬼ʹΪʦز죬ɽ֮£Ҳ̫䣬СĽЩĴʦѡ
ĽΪȻлǲǿˣ
ĽЦʦˣ־ɱһףǧѣΪһ츣һҾûٸһЩ
һ书ܱЩ٣Ҳ츣һԣҵһ
ĽЦŵͷ⵹Ҳǡ
濴ĽЦеģȴβŭĽ֣ʵڲʹ죬
뵽Цһý̵ҽˣؼԼ
˵ղĽ˵תߣˤŶ
ĽЦЦû˵ƢҲû䳦ӣûгǸطš
Сô
ĽЦͶغˣҲܷ
ѽС¶ЦݣҪʵˣûү
ĽЦдһۣСɣԹĿ
ûСæҡͷߵ⣬Բ
ĽЦʦ磬ȷʵ䣬ѹϲ
ûʲôģСƲƲСߵǿүݣģ
СĽҡͷЦҿʦá
үҲ̫СûİһۣСҪүŮѽߣ
ѵбŮˣĽü
СɵͷǸĵļһ
˵첮ͷүѧ˷
ĽͷǣָղŴ˷
ʵѵã첮Ц˷իĻķիľڣүܺúܻ治ǳ
ĽЦס
첮ڰֵСɣүߣ
СδĵͷǺðɣүץʱɣһͷˣ
ĽЦŻӻ֣С첮뿪ˡ
Ľʼ˷ӵһʽʽʼάʽʱ׮Ļǳ֪ЧҪϡ
ʱ֮¶Цݣ˷ȻȻһ˿ӿȪ
һ˿ܲĽǿᣬо΢һ˿Ĳ
ȷʵԴԵĽüʽɵǵǵе֮
һľ۲죬һӿȪƮ뵤ȴŪ嵽ǴӵصףǴӿȪֱӲ


8 
˷ԼǰѧķȷʵͬĲЩ죬񲢷ǵ֮
һϸĴĦоãҪѧķвųɡ
󴬲ͣغ£ʱ﷫ʱ䷫ٶȺܿ졣
һ·Ϊ̫ƽû˴ţϾʮһվС֮ٴĵҲǵٸ
Ľһڴߣһ飬ϵĺˮҫ֮£沨ԣѾǰʱ֡
⼸򵥿ٳӣһֱ飬Ȼ˷˾Ͷ飬˯ǰµ⣬װ͸磬㲻Ŵ£һֻʥľͷ
ΨгԷʱ䣬˼棬֡
˰ڲǰȴȻͬϸģڱȫһ˰㡣
Ľż֮۹ƣƵСһԲʱƲ죬ĲΪȻȴֶׯԺƷƣǶˡ
Ľ飬ҡͷЦЦʦòųˣˣ§ڻúõ۰˿ļǸɲǸǰС죬ʹҲûƳϱء
ҡҡͷͨ⼸Ĺ۲죬ʦﲢϲֻѣܹദһλͿˡ
ʦȻϲˣȻŮ޸棬ʹҲûãңʦòҲʦӰ죬˲ϲʹҲûá
ơ洫Сɵүүȥأ
ĽͷãϹȥ
Сɲû뿪ŽЦݣү㻹ڿţ
ĽЦҲţСʦߣ
СƲƲ죺ߣ۲Ĳ
ĽЦеĵ˭С㷳ˣʦѵ
ȻûСɰһۣСֻѵһأͱƼˣ
ĽǾǺӣ
ߣСغһ
ĽЦеߣô
߯ˣαСƲ
Ľôαˣ
СɵСͱϥǾͰ죬Ƕģ
ĽҡͷʧЦ⻰ʦˣҪѵ㣡

˵ŻݣСҲ죬˵涼ڼװϣָ֣á
Ľǰͷһǰͣסţ洫ɳƵ޼𣿡
Ľʦҡ
ɡ³
ĽŽȥСȴûŤˡ
Ľݣ鰸ִָָĽ֪档
ĽüŲ£ʦͣҵطץҩɣⲡԽԽˡ
޷°ڰֵһС˺Щͺãɱˣ
ĽͷǣѾˡ
³ľ֮ףذ壬νγ֮ţͨﶬľһж
ĽЦס
үүСӯĽ϶ẓ́ɲյʡ
յֱŵ˸ǰվһߡ
µСɣȥźɣﲻˡ
ǡСɵͷŤȥˣŴϡ
Ŀ뿪ź˲ŻջĿ⣬´ĽһۣĽЦʦӿвף
ºһһӳ书˰ɣ
ĽЦЦͷǣһֱ˷ȷʵζȤ
ü书ĩã
ĽЦʦģģᵢ˶顣
ٺҲûãΪµһΣҡͷµһҲвסӣҲ볯͢ԣ
ĽͷԼתĵһ࣬ϾҲûУǧ˭Ҳס

µ޼ɣӽ쿪ʼҪڲػ书£Ƿɵǰʩչ
Ľüͷһǡ
κˣµ
Ľŵͷµ˼ʵǰʩչָľǲںϸӸǰʩչ֪
ɴ˿ɼʦǹеģٵûвĵģλˡ
µ޼ɣ·ͬСɣܴඣ
ǹϵɣĽ
̾˿һ书ѽٳˣ书Ҳ̫ġ
Ľüʦ֪μ书
мλ⹩µǶһܹ磬ѵġ
Ľüͷһ£
˵µ
Ľֻйѧ
³һ£ҡͷΪʦ̫ʺְɡ
ĽͷԼΪǳ治ˣҲҪ˹ٳ֮
ԭѧܹɢȥΪʱʱָܻѧϤһѸٻָɢȥָҪܳʱ䡣
Ľʦ֪вУ
룬̾⣡ʵҲǶ˱ر֮ѧܾͨò
ĽЦҼҲУûзɵڲй¶ɵùˡ
ЦɵҲˣʵúãüɣ
Ľͷ
ȥҺʰɡ°ڰ֡
Ľͷ뿪ӣ¥¡

ź棬ͷȷʵܹʵҲһ׮״
˵Ľվںߣԣķˬ
ֻܿΪԼģΪԼĿ͸ѧҲûʲôá
ĽЦ֪ĸԼѾôˡ
⵹ҲǡǺЦ򲻹ͱܣȻֿԣİ˷Σ
Ľҡҡͷʦ̫ڣѧ𣿡
ʦҡͷִ̾úܣһ˼㵱٣ߣٵʲôã֣СԺ÷ǣ
лĽЦʦһŲ˵з̵Ļᡣ
šҡͷʦĶǵ飬뷭⼸Ǳˣ
Ľüͷһ治֪Щ˵Ҳ
ü˵ʦѣ
ͷưոݵģҲҪСġ
Ľ书ɣպϡ
뿴
ĽЦϧһζֻ֣ܷ´Ҫһźù
Ըָ֡ҡͷʮϰ˻УһŹ䲻ˡ
ĽЦЦܴܲõģһ˶֣ҲܶԸ¡
Уҽһаɣһˣ㹻ˡЦ
˵һߺ˵ҲǼ粢ż磬˵Զһˡ


9 
Ľ֮۴򿪣ţҡͷ̾Ϣɲ䣬֪᲻Ժ
ٴŮˣһҲȻڣģټ٣ޣʹḻҲŪ壬˵ˡ
²ʼʱ棬Ϸ̬԰ΣϷʱԼ
ʱ֣ͣһͷͷСǲԶ
ȥһ䣬һ·Ϸƽ˾Ҳûʲô׷ɱīˣҲģͬ⣬˴Աһǡ
Σ˲Уʿڴϣ²̫ҡа
˹٣γɽԺãϧëϰߣһһעطЦ䣬ûټ֡
µĽǰĽںĽڲµĽԣ´Ľš
ڲԣĽ顣
ϦȾΧһУĽϼǣŽżⲻʱһ㣬һӳʮףڣԶĽɵöࡣ
ʱɨһĽҡҡͷĽЦֵܵṦ
㲻ṦһϮ񣬵
ĽҡͷЦЦͷƳһۺ룬ûҡͷ֪ײ봫ĽṦ
ĽҲ֪ȤĲʣҡͷ˷òôѽûʲô
ĽŶˣ
ҡͷ̫֪ϧˣҪ˷Ϊһû⣬ʹ򲻹ҲԱ
ĽЦʱ䲻á
ƲƲ˼ҶǴСʼ飬СʱļãԽԽڹ˶ͣȱ̫࣬뿼˰ɣ
ʦԣ־¾ɣڷֱ׷̫ĽЦ
桰͡Цһҡҡͷǲ尲οأˣ˷鰵Ͷˣ
ĽлֵѣҾͶɣÿ飡
飡ʧеֻ飿
Ľͷһ飬𣿡

˸ڲµĽԣһһ˵Զҡҡͷ
ҡͷ˰ˣ˵ףⴿǿûд־
ĽЦҵео
ģüб
Ľͷƭֵ㿴
ȥҡͷ̽󣬰̾ǸʲôҲģô׸ˡ
̽̽εĵĽһۣÿֻ飿
Ľͷż͵ֻһ顣
˰ˣ㲻˵ˣڰ֣ûĵ˱ˣ
ĽЦÿǲˣ
ûбߣ˵ʺãȻôϢ
ĽЦЦðɣ
ŭɼǵԼ˷һ£ÿ첻ͣЪһЪ˽տһ²ҵһУϢ
Ľڣ߰칦򣬻ÿ춼ֻһ飬Ϣͬˣȴôʵڴš
԰øһȣȴû뵽ȲĽӣʵʲ
бĽ˵ַ
Ľͷɢ֣ҵˡ
˵ַһǸģûʲôûʲô飬ѧҲǰѧ°׷ѹˣһ
ĽЦеĵб޻ʹ򲻹ָ֣ԸһЩС֮ǹõİɣ
ȻԸһСå´ࡣûĵ
ʵڲ뿴ĽЦеģȥʲôһ㣬Ҳܵţɶ֮
ߣһŤͷˣĽ
ĽҡͷʧЦǹӸƢԵúܣ˵˱㲻ʲôòأһҪԼת

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Ľվһǰɵӣʯʨڡ
Աһɫңд֣ơ
Ӻɣȴ˶Ľվ˺һȴû˽ͥ䡣
̤ȥʱһɶصϢĽ˶ӣһе͡
ȻűӣŸֵıУ涼ż۸
ĽѾ첮˵̲͢еļ۸ɲˣһļͥ
һ̤һе͹Ҫʲô
Ľһߣݿ£ƣȴ͸һɷɱˡ
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ĽǰŹСһ޶ɫһǰɫһŻɫһźɫҶûϡ
Ľǰֱ䣬ɫСɫǿĽɵڹ۾һͷСô
ڹӲĹ̥ȥʹûоҲˣ
иӲ𣿡ĽЦЦ
룬һţһȥţ
Ťͷߣһ˺棬ҲĽĽ͵˱бߣĽҡͷ⵹Ǹˡ
ߺܿһīûйĹѾںڵңݸĽ
Ľӹˣһʱ¡
ããϲٺЦѹˣ
ǮĽ˼£ֱ㡰顱һס
ߴĽָ⹭̫ӲֱָҿɲɣĽȴ¡
ĽЦЦ˼ĺ򡣡
߻Ȼ򣺡ѹѹ֣׼˼
ĽЦðɣŻҲ
߼Ľ˵Ҳ˵ֵһ
Ľû˵ӻͳһŰƱݹȥ

Ľĺźǳ˱̣ܿ˿ջСԺԺеСͤ˵
ϣСͤŵСͤյõƻͨ磬СͤģмϢ
ĽСӭȥү˹
Ľͷվڲߣ̧ͷЦʲôã䲻ָ֣
ĽЦҺԼмԡ
ǺѽʾһΣ
Сɰһۣӣ۲ۣҪҪЪһЪ
ĽЦѽѹԿ׼׼ɣ
СɿĽô˵֪ʤ㣬Ƕ˲ȥЦӣȺȿڲ˵
ĽӹյһڣЦʦ׳ˣ
Կɡ¶Сͤ
ĽЦСɣϷŵϡ
ϡСɴӦһСͤʯԣ̽ȡһϣŵǽµ֦ϡ
ϲ࣬ȵźúĽһ֧һһɣ͡Ѿ


10 
ü̾ппŵһֱɼǿᣬʸһ㡣
ĽЦеͷ
һöϹȻһ͡һХٴι
ԭһײ˳ȥ䵽Ժǽ
ü˶Ȳʡ
ĽЦһöϣһһɣ顱һ죬֧ٴδһ֧ǰͷһһĽһֱǽϡ
üٴκȲʣСС֣ĺ֡
һɵģڶҲǽңȷʵ
񣡡ĴָȲʣȴбǹЦ
Ƿŭ޼ίʵ̫ϲͷǼˣԸһ˻պϣָ֣ǾڶѾ˼ǰ
ĽҡͷЦЦˣ
̾ҡͷϷͷһμǴ۽磬ѧŵ
ߵֻŪûó

°ڰЦ֣⻰ҲԳãԸָҪһȺ֣һûá
̾С̫ݲˣ
ЦŰڰ֣ʱҲһʢһЩҲġ
ЦСʵûʲôϢ
ɴ۾ĺߵ
һ۵Сӣǵ书ϸ־ӵСµһƵģ
ûаǡ
ǲаǣǰûĵĽҡͷ޼ɣ¸һʶ
ĽЦЦٴһöбһˣģĽݡ
ĽЦЦϹ͵һȻһس顱һ죬š͡һһڹͷ

һƺУš顱һأݴ£ûеһƬ谵
Сģ뷴Ӧһڲǰڰ֣
СͤͣǰСվȻӵϳһˣԾСͤѺһף
һ泯ˤڵϣؿڲһ֧ԭֻʣһβʱһףײϣһء
źڽΨһ˫۾ŭˣ𣬺޲Ҫ˺档
ʲôɣЦһѳºڽ¶һͨƽӣʮ꣬ӿѪ
ߣֲòأߣŤͷ롣
ͷּ㼸ָںǰȻӻͳһֻСƿһźɫҩ裬һƣµ衣
ĽһöϹңһֱֱװȻɿ
飡һըװһŤͷȥǰĽ
Ľ󣬡飡һ죬ɴ۾Ⱥ˵Сͤһǰȥ
飡һըװ죬ĽһǡںͷԶһӰͷ¡
һ亹ۿһϢ֣Ҫⰵ㣬ϲˣĽļˣĺ䵹
Ī̧ͷǽ´һ˱ˣŤͷһۣȵСӣۣ䣡
治ͷİڰ֣һһᵽСͤһӣأؿڵļ
˳һѳ˺ڽƽӣʮ꣬ȺעĿԹȥ
ߵСӣûˣ
ͷСͤȻͣŤͷĽ޼ɣ¶£
ĽЦЦѾһ

żһ㣬ݶӭ¹⸩Χǡڴʱ顱һ죬Ľһ
ƺУŤͷȴһӰȥݼȥ顱ˤϡ
һ亹Ȼûֽߵĺˣ⼸˶Ź֣ϢӰӣҲû
Ľһö顱һըװ죬ǡÿһӰ˹кӰײɣ顱ء
Ľһöһڿб䣬ȴͬʱʹҲ޷ͬʱôˡ
޼ɣ¼
ĽתСͤһһߴ顱顱顱顱ĵըװ죬ĸ˷˳ȥ
мܲаţĽʱǻöӭ׼û뵽Ľļô죬һұ㵽˽ǰûзӦᣬӱǿŵɳȥǰУһۣصء
ĽܽСͤʱѾļֻʣ첮Сӭȥ
Ľվסٴδ顱顱ը죬ʣµ˸С첮֣㱻ŷɳȥ
Ľɿ˼ҡͷЩʲôˣ
ҡͷЦļ񣡡
ûļ죬ֵָİ֮ǿʤ
Ľ֪ʲôˣ
ҡͷӦǳŲֵܵģֵܣҪˡ
ɫ糣ףնݳӦ
ڿֻһ·ˡ̾
Ľʲô·
ֵǼһﲻȥ
Ľüʦȷ˭ģ᲻̣
»޹һᣬвˣҵֻ
һ뱨ءĽ
룬ͷܲ

Ľ⼸˶꣬߻еֱ뿪Ҳᡣ
ĽۣŤͷʲôˣ
ָָϼˣ̾õġ
áɫٱ䣺˹ɱǣ
Ҫɱ塣ͷ˳Ҳǡ
潣üţɫࡣ
ãǸֻǮ˵ã
ǡͷֻǮˣҲ࣬ʧ֣ǲݣǵûôùˣ
ĽЦкڣʲôµģ
ҡͷ̾˿Ц޼ɣ̧̫ˣҲмܲסټˡ
Ťͷ£³һ£ͷҲá
ŲֵܵлأЦ
ҡҡͷϣһֱǣϧɲϷ򣬰ˣȥǰɡ
ֵܷģǺܿЦ


11 
Ľ£ʮһֱûߡ
Ľһ۲£ҡͷ̾ʦҲס
ѣīʦȴûﻤѲƶīɱ
֮۾ûе˼
µְ֣ɡ
ϡЦǰƿڴߵսȻ
ĽȻֻСѩ覣ת˵鲻Ľ
ĽһֱΪһֹ͵Сûʲôãұ飬Լˡ
һ̧ٵͷСһ䵽¼Ľ΢۾ÿٶȣ
СͷСౡһⲻӰ
ЦһֵһʧˣҲɿ
΢Цͷˣ
ĵĻڰ֣Ц֮ãǾŴȴܵü
³һ£ЦҪúʧˡ
ðɺðɡҡͷұһܾˣ
ǸȻּ¡
ûͣĽףʧʧЩݺܹؼݱ¶
˰ˣû˵ǡ
ӦǵģǲˣúǣŵԲΥ
ҡͷЦ׵ģҲˣɫˣǻȥɡ
áӦһָָϵĺǣЩδã
㴦һ¡
ͷϡУ˺нѪð
һüСɲűӣһɫֻܰѻȥ
ɫ糣ĽҲţ濴һĽû¶飬ЩʧĺһˣƮߡ
һۻأٴ뿪˷ΣǶߣСͤǰճΨһЩѪա

ĽŪһЩѪգ뿪СԺǸסԺӣŮ첻ͬסһԺӡ
Ľ뿪ҡҡͷµ޼ɣļȷʵףָֻǲһЩ
ĽͷǣʦһŬ
첮Цүүļء
ҡͷ׷¼֮书࣬޸ԶҲ
Ľʦ
µͷвٺ飬׷¼Ҫصķ취Ҹʦ㡣
лʦĽЦűȭ
°ڰֵҲû뵽츳˳ڣ죬СȥϢɣ޼˵˵
ǡ첮С뿪СͤصԼ᷿
뿪СͤĽݣǰÿо˼֡
ʦҲˣЪˡĽ
°ڰ֣һۣʹŰɣ
Цʦܣ㲻رӣǵĻҲĻҪһġ
ĽʦҲûġ
³ǧ֮ãһ㶯֣޷ڹٳ㣡ûɣ
ĽĬȻͷ
ⲽأʵϷӣʮǰߣ˲š
ǶΣ֮ʱ£ػġ
³Ϸ򲻻书ȴ书ףдд裬֪ǵĸס
ĽʦıԶǣ
ҡҡͷʵϷ򵱳ûôܼ࣬ܲȣ˱˳־ˣû뵽Ƕ˲ġ
ĽЦֹϵùϣֶö

µͷֹ϶ǵˣҪ粻٣Ϸ̣
Ľȭʦġ
ӳȣϻ۹ˣϷǷĵġ¸ǹ׶㰵ѷûлɣϷòǣõǹһ
Ľʦࡣ
΢Цܺúö飬һգԸӡ
ĽͷһŬ
˵ŻȻ΢æӿ˷š
һվſڣһ¹񣺡常
Сˡ¶΢Ц´ô죬ǸҺɣ
ǣ常ͷ常Ϊһֱǳ֣
ҡҡͷʱδƶ̽
ͷ常һ̽ѾΣգʵеġ
ЦΪûô
Ľ常λǡ
յĵӣ޼ɡµ
Ȼӣ常յˣ
µͷ޼Ʒ츳պҪϣ
ǵȻЦ常ۣ޼ʦܾһúϡ
µ޼ɣǲϴպİȫͿˣٱԼˣ
ǣʦĽͷȭʦ֣ա
ЦŰڰ֣常ǹԺһˣ
ףԼʮ˵Ǿܣ֪常Ȼ޼ɼԼǾǵһˣؼġ
ԴĽĽкγ֮书òҲƽûб˵ķɡ
ĽҲӣɫһź׻˵š
ĽЦʦİɣ
Ǻǣ¥ġͷЦ޼ʦƳģ
ĽʦһźõΪȲƺαˣ
Ȼ常ĵӡЦ
˵죬ȲţһƮ룬ź󵽲ǰ񣺡常
ģɢɱ֮ɷ
Ľһۣɫ԰ݣЩɷʵʡ
СüɱЩ˰ɣ
ǣ常ͷٶ˵ףƳһĽȴû֮⡣
Ťͷ޼ɣǲܻ϶жʦֱǣСҵ²ӣպúϡ
ܻͷֻ˵һ䣺ǣ常
ҡҡͷм˹һܱܷܺײ㣬ܱǸݶӯ꣬Ұʮ㣬ܷǸŮӣܺǸò˵꣬ȴò
ǵ廨ţǾ¥ƹ񣬲ܻɽӣܱõĵӣܷѹӣܺǷɵӣǹõ
ˣһ޼ɣִ٣պ㻹Ҫϡ
Ľһ


12 Ϯ
Ľʶ֮˳ȥֻʣĽ²ڰƹ͡
ڵڣ游Ӷɫ顱һӣȻɫɶ񣡡
뾲ţȻਲüһۺ棬ɫ
˵ˣЦǲǣд
£뵭
һ֣ס
ҡҡͷѽ̫סС¾𣿡
ǵ絲꣬ͷȴŲǣǸؤһͷҲ˵лл
һ죡
㬵һƨ£ߵҷҲ߯ˣ
ѽ̫Լ£ҡͷ̾㻹ǲܼҵŮأ
æ
ҿû㣬Ҳֿˡ
ҡͷ㿴ˣ֣ǰɫදˣ
ģб
ظҲ߯С
ҡͷǺӿɲ򵥣䲻˼ҡ
ûĵ첲ôհ
˵ʵˡҡͷС־裬ûʲô汾£䲻˼ҡ
ƫƫҪȢ
ҡͷҹƲֵܻ޸޼ɣûʲôϣʶȤһʵһգ
ɫ޼ɣ
ǿòϣɾͲˣ
ƾЦŤһӣèĹһҪòûòҪڲûڲţƾʲô˶ģ
ĹﲻͬҡͷȣǷǷùˣģʵʵ
Ӻף֪ˣ
Щù˭ҡҡͷѽԶ
һǧɣҸôȢϲ
ҡͷİɣûϷ
ֳӡ
벻Ϊֻҡͷ

Ľһ²յ´ӳ̧ͷҲ
޼ɣɺ⣿ʡ
Ľʦеġ
˵µ
ĽüͷʦĶ֣͵ʦһء
С³һָնݳ
Ľͷǲ֪ʵж񣬷ĻټǾ
¿Цҡͷˣⲽû뵽
ĽʦûϹĥδġ
µпܣ
ĽЦʦֻһ룬ûӦй˼ɡ
³ҪҪ뿪
ҡͷ֮Ұ֮ƽҪ籩꣬ǳҡ
šףĿƳһĽȻʦĵӣ˼ܸʤԼһ
õŵ£˱ܣԷ£΢ЦУ书ǿŮˣѹƾãŴɣǵãϧɲɡ
Ľͷóܷ书ģľȴһϢķ֮ʣѹķ
µıףƴɱڴɱ׶Ṧ׿ԶʤһˣóѼ鱨Ҳƭˡ
ĽЦλʦָﳡʦҵе
¸ЦϷʩ̣ǵӷӣϲгɾͣӹӹµµˣ
Ľͷ̾ʦ£Ҳ˵ģ
ҡͷ⵹δأڱҵۣΣգ֪һܹܲ
ĽЦλʦڣһܹȥ
Ը˰ɡ¸ҡͷЦ

ڶ峿ʱǱ˴󴬣˲ˣȴڰ
Ľ֮ǡ
ܻǰǲܷ㣬󣬲ܱܺߣγһǣŲףһϸȥԼΡ
ƽش󴬣Ȼ˳Ӷ£ڴϣ븸ڼǡ
ǵģΪ⣬ΪǾ֮ʿȴǶе֣̫ᣬ书ǿǿȥԼիѧǼģܱԼЩʲô£
վڴͷλãƮƮ˷ȥϵıɴڶ֡
˵ܳ𣿡ɨһվڴβĲ㣬ȻԵõĵ㡣
ôɣͶ
ҡҡͷᣬ书жߣ
λֶš
Σ˼꣬ǿǿĶȥ
͹ġ
æһƬģˡ
Ƴһۣףˡ
æ
Ťͷ߲һƳε˺ÿ·ӯ뿪ˡ
Ľ˵һĻԺҡͷûʲôëëһЩ˵ͨ
޼ɣ常˼ҶأúȰȰౣ壬϶̫ˡ
Ľͷʦ⼸Щˣ˼ûôˡ
ͺãһֱ常壬̫Ԫ
Ľʦ˵͵ĹԪЧʦЩÿ¶Ҫ͹Ԫ࣬ʦ˵̫ˡ
ҡͷһԪʲô
Ԫⶫɲһ㣬ҩ󣬷һռõЧã½˽ʵڴ˸֮Ч

޼ҲҪСĺ档
Ľüͷһ£һˣ˵СӲʲôö
ĽЦֵЩûʲô
ҡͷɫ䡣
Ľüͷʦǵɣ
ţҴСųģ˵⣬Ͼᣬ¡̾
ĽЦʦַģ֪ǳ
СһƤ࣬ĸŮ˲ΣһʱͿ̾
ĽЦЦҿˣڷأʦֹˡ
ͺáͷСӲǺöҵƢʰˣ
Ľøӡ
ҪǺߣЦһ⣬Ц
˵ĽȻɫ΢䣬ƿϺˮ¿
ߣɨһΧɫ΢䣺Ծ
Ľͷ߲ơ
˳źˮƮƮ£ٶ죬󴬣ܿҪ׷ϣĽתͷʦ֣ô죿
ϺȻһֻСˣһǲܻһǲܺף˲վСϣܻŸͣС֮ٶȸʤֻ񴬡
ֻ£ܻܺϣߺܻܿȵߺˣ
ըףô
Ľ΢۾̾ʦֺ
Ц޼֪
Ľͷ˷΢ǣǿ廹ãܲɡ
˷ͷҲѵõľѧˣͦ󷽵ġ
ĽЦʦ
常޼šЦ޼ɵúúù𹼸ʦһƬġ
Ľ֣صĵͷЦΪ

˵򣬲ܻܺƮֱһֻ񴬣񴬴ĸ꣬俴ˡ
ܻߣηɫڿ͵Ƴһƣһӭϣ顱һ죬ܻƮƮأ˺һͬס
ܺƮƮףӭ񴬣һȭ򣬲ܺ׻ӭϣ顱һ죬ܺʯͷֱֱ׹¡
˶䵽ϣԳĸ꣬սһţһʱ·硣
Ľ̾ʦʦֺ
ܻȭͰԵȭȭ紸ѸޱȣĸΧ£ܲ·硣
ܺĸΧȴ࣬򲻹ȴܶÿ죬סˡ
ҡͷ̾˿ɱ֣ҲҪˣ޼ȥ常ɣúǡ
ĽͷʦСġ
ߵҴ常⣬ȥˣ
ĽͷһƮƮɳȥһƬҶӹ棬䵽һֻϣӭĸꡣ
һֻ񴬺Ȼζһ·Ա̽ͷһͷˮһ걳һĨһĨӹǺĺһͷʧˮֳһ
ֳǺȥʱȴȻһŤһͱȥ˶һ
ĽԱӣŲܷ룬ҲڣŵĶŴ⡣
޼ɣ֣Ľǰ£ʦ̲סˡ
µͷ̽·ģǰɡ
Ľʦ书ǵóѣ


13 
¸ҡͷ˵ѣ֮ƣ϶úܣûôס
ĽͷܣŤͷСɣҵĹ
áСӦһתӣһĽȡڵĹ
Ľҡͷ
Сɰһۣȡĺطǰϣع˰ɣ
ĽЦŵͷ£ʦҰ
ȥɡµͷСĵ
ĽЦʦġ
ЦЦҰɡ
޼ɣҴ㼸ھúһܲˡ
ھĽЦṦھ
ͷֵ˵ѧ书һֱԥµѧ˰ա
лĽȭ
ҡҡͷ¼ȨѧҲã
ǡĽӦһе롣
ȻṦȴ¶ţһ˿ھͳõĽڣʩչṦ
ṦȴʩչгȴֻܲУŤǳ
յĽߣϸߣĽĽһһߵͷ
ʮھܿ˵꣬뿴Σ
ĽƬ̣ͷеˡ
Ŷ벻ŵĿ
ĽЦһӿ˼ҽ飬Ϥ˾磬ûʲôѵģԿ
һ´ڳȥ顱ײǽڣüʱ֣ûײ
벻⣬Ťԣ˫۷Ź⣬ٿĳȥͣסײһǽֿɲľ
븧̾Ťͷֵܣ޼ɵԵУʵڿϧˣ
ЦѽǲģͱµˣҲ⡣
Ҳִ̫ҡͷ

ĽݶСɷҪȥεͷӦСüЦһվݶ졣
Զϴ򶷼ңѷѽ⣬Сɴüǰü˰Σҡͷһʱ̷ֲʤء
СŤͷүְɡ
Ľҡҡͷ뿪ңСɵô
Ľ
˶ãСɵ
Ľҡͷλʦֿûʹ汾¡
СЦүǲˣǲǣ
Ľ㣬ܸˣ
СɵүҲ̫Сô࣬ʰ˵
ĽЦЦҡͷ
ת˼£СЦȻС£ߣʦ֣ҪҪæѽ
áߵͳȴ˶ߡ
Ľһ͡һһ󱳣ͷǰ͸ƻ󱳣ȴȻɳ顱Уļĺˮߡ
үüСЦ
Ľһҡ顱һ죬һһֱ꣬ɽˮ
ȵ޼ɺü
һ˿ɵģˣǾ
Ľһһܣ̫죬ռһ㣬ѾԼܡ
İƣ޼ɣǶʰ˰ɣ
Ľá
вĽ޹˼ɣ顱顱顱顱⣬ת۹ʮˡ
˵Ķֱ⣬˿񴬣󴬣վڴͷЦ޼ɣ
Ľ˼ͷʦֹҿʦǲˣ
һСˣҪܻæ֡
ò㣬ȴ绢䶯転Σֻ˵С
ĽˣǱܻˡ

Ľɫ΢䣬ָԶŤͷȥֻһƬƮƮɨһۣжʮֻ
ϴô죿ܻߵ˫۷ŹĵԶŶʮֻ񴬡
һҡͷµֻӲƴǻشϡ
ܻϴϴȥǣ
ü϶ⲻǳǿʱ򣡡
ܻ̽һʵҲи׼ȥ
Ȳ˵񴬵ȥת۹뿪ʮɣ֮ӭԶƬ񴬡
ĽŤͷСɣŪЩ
ϡСɴӦһƮݶܿĸŵĽ£үȫˣ
ĽͷŲܻ
СɵүûģҿζЩȻˣү㿼ܵ
ĽЦЦһöңԶ
ܻתǰͷһֻһԾ˴ĺ꣬Χһš
ܻ転ܲת۴ˣҲһˣĽüʦ֣书ǿǲǣ
Ѿߣͷʤһ϶Σˣ
Ľ£顱һ죬һ˲һ󱳣ɳ⡣
˼һֻʣˣܻתתڽڽơ
Ľȴϲ⣬ü顱顱顱顱ļʸļĺˮ
˲ĽصĶź棬ܿӿһźΣͶ˵ɰȥɢ
һʱ³ҪƻףһдһˣˮٺҲҪɥ涨źֻ֣ˮ
Ľ䣬顭һƬСֻĽֵӰӣ֡
һ⻮ˮһת۹򣬶ʮĽһɫǺ죬һֱ

޼ɣ㣡ҡͷ̾˿Լǻƻȴûô죬֪ġ
һĽôֵģ˵ԼˣĽƫʤԼһ
ĽûǣǸоԾŸоû뵽ˣ
úã˰ɣЦеĵִ󱳣ɹһƽͣʱһ
Ľ̾ſһ۲˲ò࣬ȴѷں롣
Ľһʦ֣Ҿͷˣ
ɡͷ
顭⣬һһϣϵĸֱɥڲڡ
Сɿһ꣬æżĽֻΪһƬӰòզࡣ
ʦ֣ǵĴҪЩĽһ߷һ˵
һȥһϵĸҲִУǻҶǰˮ¶ܡ
ģȥæ
ϣܱӦһܺƮݶ
󴬺ܿ٣ԭԽԽ񴬲ٿȴҲ䲻Զ뱣ֲ䣬ⷽĽļ
һոһļֺֿݣٶ̫죬Ƕ㲻̫񴬵ס˱ΣһסǱ
һܶһ٣Ϊٶ̫죬ˮ֮󣬴һתƮʮɣһԶټϼˮ٣ж֮
ʮķӣǱˮӵһ⣬ת۹ˮ졣
Ľʦ֣ȥʦִϡ
ͷһԾڿһľƬżһľƬ֮䵽ܻĴϡ
Ľһ䵽ϣ顭һУһˮѪԭǱˮҲû⡣
Ľ֣ͣŴ죬վȣ˫Ҳòסˡ
һֱעĽڣܸܵĽ
ܻˣæ߶񴬣ܿ쿿˴󴬡

ĽɲŻصʱ˶ӭҡͷĽЦļ
¸΢ЦҲЦпˮ
ĽĿЦʦ
ȥЪЪ°ڰ֡
̾޼ɣ˲ãҿ䲻ô
Ľ˴ʦְæ
ͷڣɫҡͷЦһãȫ޼ɵȻ컹ˣ
ҡͷһǷˣʲôɱɽɱˣ
µ޼ȥЪŰɣβɣٳˣӹһ٣һعȥˣ
ĽʦЪһᡣ
ЪŰɡµ
ĽɲԼӣͷðԸĽһĽϥϣȻĽ˹
ĽûܾʦܣҴһķȻ˹Һúš
ĽһŤͷ΢Цһ˲ؿףķеõϸˡ
Ľʦ֣кķ
ķһúţ죬򳤡
Ľţ߶ضнĽһ±㿴вķС
Գ䲻סѹɽغӶ£ٶȺܿ죬֮ڵһСǡɳǡ
ܼλڳϵ壬ɳʮ·ܼһҶĵضǲܼҵģܼɳҲǾء
ܼҵ峤ܺǲµ״磬ʮȴе²ࡣ
ǵִʱܺԴȫ˳ӭܼϢһĹչٹ磬мӡ


14 
峿ĽԼСԺԱߵĴԺǰţСţЦеĵүô
ʦأĽʡ
үڴȭءС죬ÿ·
Ľ˴Ժǻԣ֣裬м⾳һСͤ˽Сͤһֻӥչᡣ
һİСͤǰȭչ󷽣սмֻ
ĽҲܿó²޸ףȭúȴɲóǻӣǵġ
Ľ¶ͣһֱȭ꣬˸ƣͷĽˣ
ĽͷǣʦѾˡ
ţûСɣѾͷ˯ºһ
СͷСԡ
֣ºһôֱ֣ƣ
үĸѽСƢүֲǲ֪Сҡͷ
µһңһ쵽Ϲĥʲôϣ
СɹԹԴӦˣ˿ȥ
½СͤĽëݹȥӹöͷĺඣӹǴǰ
ĽЦʦ⻰ˣʦȭ;˻ǿ׳ʦ־˰ɣ
ŤͷһۣСӣ
Ľʦһϣûˣ
ҡҡͷඣѷǼһȻ£Ȼûҵĺӣ
Ľŵͷºߵ˼ߵĻҸ࣬ɱûã
ĽЦʦģҲ
оļСӢۡҡͷļãȴ˲
ΪΣĽ
µиˣ֡
ȺΣĽʡ
ҡͷԶЩСС֣Ҫɱң˹˭Ҳס
Ľüô˵ʦĶͷˣ
ҡҡͷӦûк֣ɡ

µ޼ɣ֮ðĵĶˣٹЩ׶ݵˡ
Ľǣʦ
³ѧ䡣
ĽһȻʦ
µһŮңٶҲãѧһ£ܹԱ
ĽüŲ£о
µѾ˵ˣѹ
Ľܽѹ
ʮа˾ܳɡµͷ㣬ıϧΪŮ
Ľʦѧ䲻£̫ˡ
µԿܳɲģҲҪԿ࣬ûвͶĺ£֮ҪģʲôҲ¹ܣֻŶ飡һ֮ԣȡ
Ľͷ˵򣬲ԼԺﲻɴ¶ӣɢų˵ķ顣
һĽͷ޼ʦ֡
ĽЦЦߣѾͷְҹˣ
ûʲôģһСĿˡ
عҪú׼µ
üҲͬ⣡
²˵°ڰ֡
һˣ˭չ㣿
ºߵнţû߲·չˣͺúչԼͳɣ
üҲȥѹ
ȥҲȥһȥλᣬ㲻ȥˣ
ҡͷҲ˵Ҳˣʲôɾ͡
Ҳǿҡͷ㲻˵ˣʵʵģ
ɫţֱֱ
ͷεĴӦˡ

ܴˡԺسһŮӣׯţ˪˾վҲһ顣
ˮŲ£þò
ع±ȭ΢Цعݹ٣ϷʧԶӭˣ
ܴ˲ؿŮӵ
ĽһۣŮԼжʮ꣬üͦӣѵһ˶Ψһ̫Įˡ
ɢϢһ˶ûһ¶ȣ֮⡣
֣ع

ŮӶһ۲׵ǲãܴˣҴӦˡ
л΢Цͷ
ŮִĽüһۣٿһĽѾ׽סһϢ˲ܿζһȦʧ
عǡü
ŮӷĽٿһ˺ɣָԭλףû뵽
عҵĵӡüҲ뵽ȥҪΪٵġ
Ůҡͷܴˣʹˣÿ˶иԵ츳츳°빦ӸǼѣܺúõѳΪ֡
ҡͷ书ǿкãϵ²Ƕ书ģ˻һҪΪ츣һû׻һء
Ůҡͷǲܴ뷨ÿ˶иԵĻҪܴһ㣿
عҵĵӣ
Ů̾˿ҡͷܴ˻ûأµĵܰĶ飿ûԱ̸֮Ϊ
³عġ
ŮüİƣʱֳһŮӣһߣ
ŮָָߣܴˣǰסˣҲܴ˵ġ
ɫŻߡ

Ľһߣݿ£ͬнľѾ۾˯µɫѿ
Ľüһ룬ʦ˺
¶ǻߣɫĵͷǶ֡
Ľüô˵һģ
µͷҪزɣ
Ľһ£ʦҪҵطһ㣬ˡ
һʮ꣬Ӷһ֡
Ľʦҵطһ㣬˵ɡ
̾˿ʹҡҡͷ̫ˣû뵽ڻߵһ
Ľ֪б飬֮䲻УǶʵʱϾ
ʦеطһ㣿
ҡҡͷµԲˣ޼ɣһԸˣ
ʦӱʮ겻Ľʦ
Ůӵܴˣѹɡ
⡭ü
ŮӵѹһӺڣ˿ңڣ꣡
̧ͷ̾ϢϷһͷȴ֣֮ǿЦ֮
Ľʦһѧɣ
ŤͷĬȻ


15 
ĽЦµѧ仹һ
޼ɣҡͷұΪеϸ̫ˣ޹˼ɣ
ĽЦЦնݳʡķӣ˭Ҳܲסջġ
һ²ࡣ
ĽǻȥѹһһԲǴԼҲá
ĬĬͷȷʵܸǻΨѹܱӻԼѹʱ䳤ǧ֮ã͢Ҳ˼ɡ
ĽŤͷȭعʦӦˣعա
벻ΪʦŮ
Į²ӫģ߻ŮϸĽ
Ľһɨһ۲£ͷĽЦ빬£С֮ã
ڣǰŮԨ纣ɲ⣬վǰëֱͣľԼ
Ͳʮ˾꣬ȴΪķˣһһϡ
ĻҪģ̫ΣգԼзɵʱʱΣһžķǰԲܴ
һСΪʦΪʦСһָͷԼפôᡣ
ңݹλʦŮӣ׺ɣǺСŮӣǺС˪Ů
Ů¶һĨ΢ЦãھʡˣʦˣҴʦͽ޼ɣʲô
ЦһţȴƿէһĨ⣬漴ֱסĽĿ֮С
Ľһ£޼ɡ
ʦͽԼıݲ̧̫ͣԼչ˵ԼӺɷӣŵĮͨ£ȴ顣
ҶŮӵѹʮ
عϷһ֮롣»
ܴ˵Ҷ
µ޼ɼ飬лĻýٳ޼ɵݡ
ҶƬ̣ͷԣһطܸͷ棬任òȥԾǡ
Ľɢȥ书
ţ֪Ҷס
ĽҲͷٶ˵±ȭϷм
Ҷܴˣʰһ£ֱӻع

ĽվһΡɽдеӳϿס˷嶥
ĽվŲһҶŮ½СвܷĽڿɽڿĽǡ
ǶظԵطٴǱ
øߵɽִüϣͷţ̾ɽ磬ѵã
Ҷѹɽܴˣ߰ɡ
µعһ·ˣϷǸµģȻҲôõ·
Ҷҡҡͷܴ˲ˣǶ֣ܴ˶ӣպ󵱾ܴǡ
ЦЦϷ֮
ĽԵͷ䲻书ʱǻ۱书书ʮ˵У˵Уǻ˵С
Ҷﲻ²书ӣмӣ۹
½СҪҪ֪һ
Ҷţȥ
תܴˣ߰ɡ
Цá
½СƮɽһƮת۹д֮УӰӡ
ĽǶɽߣɽ֮·ֻһС᫲ƽһ˺ɽ
䲻书ƽʱȭӲʣĽС·ƽأԼɽƮˣ½Сǰͷں̧һӡ

Ҷڰ̧֣Ųܴˡ
Цлع⣬ϲɡ
Ҷҡͷܴˣ·Ṧϲȥڻã·ԽԽա
ԭˡµͷ
ĽɨһĽʦܣԼԿ
ĽЦŵͷҶɨһ۲ܷܷЦһһʦá
ţ߰ɡҶףƮƮǰ

ĽһʩչṦɽߣǰѾҶﴫķṦķ
ƮƮ˲ҶﲻʱɨһۣṦʩչúȵԵͷȻ츳ˣһ͸
̧ͷ£ܷŲҶǰ½Сں󣬰Ľߡ
ʱһĽƮĽС
˽ݣСƽأԻ˰ʱŵɽɽһƬཨӳĽ
Ƭһƻֺ꣬ݶŹ⡣
½Сˡ
ҶͣͣǰߣĽǸں棬һƬտĹ㳡
˽ܸоĻֺ꣬ܵԼС
һдţϼ֣ʵ޻էûʲôĽת۾ƻüſ˼¡
½Сʦܣǵһķ֣˵һķϧûܲ򡣡
Ľ֣ͷҶɡ
Ҷ˴УĽԱߣ½СϲյਲԼС
Ҷ²յܴˣСȥѡӣ޼סһɡ
лµͷ
ҶպһҪܴ˶̡
ЦЦϷ£ؿ޼ɵĹβ¡
áҶˬĵͷ
һ·ָĽ书ʮ㣬ʹѧķҲ£Ծˣ书һѧͻᣬȳʡ̫Ĺ򣬱֤ʱ伴ɡ
书̰̫࣬ͷкʶؼտʼʱ̫ãһʱ㹻
Źʱӣʱʱĸʱʱ
޼°ɡҶ
½СĴ³˴ֻʣĽҶ
Ҷ޼ʦǰѧ书
ĽЦǣѧ˷
ʱѧģҶʡ
Ľһ£˰ɡ
Ҷüһ£ͷ˷Ҳˡ
ٴΰ̾Ľ츳˰˷ȴΪһǧ
Ľʦ㣬Ҫ˷
Ҷҡͷ˷һѧѹѧԶȻ
ʦ㣬ѹŮΪɣĽ
ҶףΪŮӣķҲŮˡ
ĽüҶҲʺϵķ
ĽŮķɣ
ԲһЩҶͷķģؼˣʣúĻϣѹͬ٭
ĽЦʦ̧̫ˡ
ҶڵУʵһͿòùˣҴķ
лʦ㡣Ľͷ


16 
ڶ峿ĽԼСԺ˷ϣů
̷ΡΡʣ븡ӣ仯ңûʱɭɭֱ͸裬һʣһء
һ°׳оװûʱɭ䣬ʱһգʱůڵģԽᣬˮ
洫죬Ľ
Ż̷صʯͷƣײƣ
֨ԺƿӣĽͣˮ֮Ͷһ
һ׳ʨӣһ޳ٷʮ꣬վһûĽ
Цеģӹ
Ľһƣԭ֮ȭ΢Цʧˣ޼ɣ֪λʦǡ
걧ȭЦǺǣʦܣҽͣλֱʦܣóȻûɣ
Ľҡͷԭʦ֣ʦ֣롪
Сͤ£Ľ˲ϣЦ˶档
һڲ裬£Цеĵʦܣ˯úðɣɽϷҼǵõɽʱϷȥ˯ţƵģˣ˯ţǰɣʦܣ
ֱĮȻŲ裬ͷרעĶͤķ羰
ĽЦһã˯ͦ
ʦԺӺáЦԺڷϣԺ룬βȻ㣡
ĽЦЦһڣδ˵Ϊ
ֱɨһۣһͣЦʦܣղʲô书
Ľ˷
˷ͳһ£ͷ˵ի书ҲһŲ书ˡ
ĽЦҴӺѧǣǿġ
ǺǡЦҡͷ˷䲻㶥ѧǿǵСˡ
ĽЦ˷ȷʵ㶥ѧѹѧ
ȻͺǺЦիСɣѹһɣᲢۣ
Ľ˵ѧʺŮϰķһ
̾ȷʵŬѷɫλʦʦã
ĽЦܲ׾
ķȲλʦʦãȱǿö࣬ʦܲʧúǡЦ
Ľͷлʦ֡
͵ʦܣһķ˼ң˼ܹСǣ̫ˣ
Ľһͷ׵ġ
򣬺ǺЦóԼı£书ǿˣȻü
ѺãֱĮӣĽ΢ЦԶԣɻǵ⣬ȴûͨ̽⣬̫Ȥ
ִ졣
Ľ
һŮŽС磬ģӯĿСԺСͤˡ
ӴĶͦѽЦЦƲƲ죬ӯӯСͤĵĿĽϡ
Ľȭ΢Цʦ㡣
ޡŮ΢Ц˵һλеӣơ
ĽЦЦû˵
Ůӵеӵģ˽䣬ʲô˲õ
͵ʦܣҸһ£λ޽ʦ㣬ѹٮٮߡ
޽бߵʦܣ¸ҹԻǲ˵ǵĻ䣿
ͺǺЦΣʦҸʦһǺ棬档
ߣǵĳ˭֪޽Ʋ㻹Ϊܷ죿ˣ
ͺǺЦô
α޽ûһۣб¾ͳ»Щ˼ʹЩУûã
ҡͷţĪ
ǵ޽б˵˳ϼľѧأ
ҡͷЦǧûҿûǱ¡
ߣķǣ޽ƲƲ죬ֵǺúİɣ
תߣ̬ӯȥ

ĽҶվڳϼǰ̨£̫ڰգĽһִһ־ܴ
һϮ죬Ҷȴ˿ůڵģɢ˷ĺ⣬ɽˬϮˣççȺɽϢ
ʦ㣬֪һմǡĽָųϼ۾ʡ
ϸϸңӡԺûֶߣֱϢʧȥá
ҶﾲŶҡ
ʦ㣬ǧûƿ⣿Ľʡ
Ҷҡͷ
Ľô𣿡˵ķλǰλز֮ɣ
šҶͷ
Ľⲻúѣѵüǧûƽ⡣
ЩҶｫĿӶŲϣ
ĽͷȻѣΪһֱû˽⿪ݽˣûйŹְɣ
ҶŴһϸϸ̽ؼϡ
ﶼôģĽʡ
Ҷҡͷÿ˶Լķضġ
ĽҼ˼治ã
ҶﵭЦһ£뷨̫һԸˡ
Ľ̾˿̫棡Ҳһ¡
ҶףеǶһϣ޹òһķһ߲ɡ
Ľ֪ǰּ
ҶУڣȥ﷭
漣Ľʡ
ô˲֣Ӧö뵽ȥָ壬ٺõҲô
漣Ҷ
Ľüëʦ㴫ķɡ
ȥɣҶת˳ϼĽɻĸȥܿ˴ڰ򵥣ȴ͸Ϣ
ϽһŰ齣͸ϣ°ɫĺ󱳼ϣɼ
ȥҶָһ°齡
Ľûʣϥȥ齣Ҷǰ㣬Ƣѩ
ҶѹѧӲûöӣ֪ķҲûãȸӡ
ƣһϢ壬ѭһ죬ڵƬ̣γһС
ϢԴԴϴӱӿ룬һЮžԭһ
ȻĽֻǰһڣҲУʧȥ֪˺ܾãһ˲ǰԲӵһƬâͣ˸ڵĸо
Լһյʱ䣬ԲʧĽѹָо»ص壬ĴϢĿ飬ʣһһͷ
ߴӰȴţϸУʦܣϸķתġ
Ҷｫķϸ˵һ飬Ȼ߶Ľת飬ĽסȻ˳ȥ


17 
Ҷվڳϼǰ棬һ
ʱɿţ̫ӶƵգ緹ſڡ
Ľѹû۾ϸϸоϢתȪ
ϸϸķԼǰѧȻͬÿתһȦϢǿ׳һ֣ǿ΢о
̾ϢһȻѧʤԼǰѧķ飬ˮתתݡ
ʦܣҶ̾Ϣ
Ľæʦ㡣
ҶƮƮǰУָѾĽһ˿ϸ΢Ʈ硣
ĽЦпŽߵӣ΢Цʦ㣬ûɣ
úܽҶƺûŮ֮ףܻأ˼һϸļһɳ嶯һ£ţסֲû
Ҷɿаָףûѵá
Ŀ⵭ģȴĽĽչԶ룬ԭΪžͲˣû뵽һʱҽԭתΪµ档
ĽЦʲôķ
ٹҶ
Ľüͷһ£ҶѿɳҶһһһһݣľһ
Ľʲôɣ
ѹֻٹǳϼҶΪܴ㽫٣˹ˡ
ĽٹȳϼΣ
Ҷ￴һۣٹѡ
Ľһףѧ˵ٹʤϼһ
ҶҴٹһԺã㽫Ҫ٣ֻٹһ죬һٹĻͲסįֲˡ
ˣĽЦЦ
Ҷﵭ㲻ţٹˡ
ĽЦʦȸ˵˵ɡ
Ҷ˵Ҳãٹȱķѣһһݣٿ棬ֻ費ͣĴ߶ɣٹȴһ㹦Ҫȫӡ
Ľ룬ͷһ㹦ѡ
Ҷ׷գշ磬ҪĻ֮ʣǿѣ߶켴ɣȫȴѣͲסįûԲ¿๦ܡ
ĽЦԭˡ
ҶһݵĹĥˣԸܼס
ĽЦеĵлʦһƬģ
ٹȷʵʺܹȥϢ˲ܹٳڹźУٳõ֮ˣбҲ䡣
̫ΣգԶԭΣգһСľͻ棬ûˣЩ֪ô죡
ΪǣҲҪþһа취ȫԼû

λڳϼԱߣҲһ״볯ϼ࣬ǰʱܸоԼС
ǰվӣʮ꣬ϸĽЦűȭû˵
ߵԲͷ޼ʦܰɣ
ĽЦǣλʦˡ
ԲЦеĵʦţ
Ľͷ뿴ǰּ֪ڲ档
ǺǣҪ곯ϼɣԲЦּأҿʦҲ°׷ѹ򣬻ʵʵɡ
ϼĽȻصǳϼ
㲻֪ԲЦĳϼȫĳϼĳϼǰĹֻһƤëˡ
ԭˡĽȻͷȻˣҪԵģȻģǲǣ
⵹ҲǡԲͷЦʦҲôȰңҲʦһ˼
ĽЦҾͽȥ
ԲЦеĵȥȥɣúŬ˵ء
Ľƿķ˼ŨңϾĿٹʺԼϼɡ
ǰ⿪ʵܣһζһһڣζܵˡ
˴һһŵܣɨһۣʮܣᡣ
һʱӭͷײһˣһƮ˺һЦʦܣּ
ƮĽ޽̣Цԭʦ㡣
Ľǹװ书㣬װһž˵ġ
޽´һۣЦԴķͷһأʦܹȻͬѽ
Ľķ̣װ֪ȻķǹԴ𣿡
޽̰һۣʦܣСôԴڣ
ĽŶһȻͷԭˣǴѧ˭ڵģ
иʦ¡޽̵
Ľôûǰ
޽üʲôҲ֪أҲԣӣĻ϶˵һģʡʡ
ĽЦʦָ㡣
޽̵ۣߵðɣҾͷģ㽲һһͿʦʦʦǶɽϣԱߵ塣
ĽΪΣ
ѹĹأÿһλһ꣬һ󣬹ͬʦʦǶס塣޽̵
Ľ룬ҡͷΪΣ
޽ҡͷһôڶѧţͳ˹أûΪʲô
ĽЦΪúǶɣǴʦͽʦˣ
ţǰչأûȥ޽̵ͷ
Ľ̾˿ϧ
ϧʲô޽ƲƲ죺СãҪȼǰͽܵɣ
ĽɻĿԼ޽ûĵǰҲǷеӵģѹ˸еӣŮȴһٸ
ĽЦҡҡͷһٸ˸ǲԶʢ˥ѹɲôôġ
ʲôţ޽ʡ
Ľ뿴ǰּ
ҲҪϼ޽б
ĽͷƲ첻мĵ׷˼ͽ޹ҿ㻹˰ɣ
ĽҪԵġ
Ҳǰԣ޽̲ΪȻҡͷҪǰţһʧ
ĽҡҡͷܺȻŮ䲻ɫȴҲ毺ˣһˣһ쵰ΣĽ
ʦ㣬޼ɣŮʡ
޽Цŵͷѽʦãǹŵʦܣ
ˡŮЦ
Ľü˿
ŮЦô
ĽЦЦҿеʦ֮
㻹ҡŮ
Ľüһֿۣ޽̣ε̾˿Ī
Ůʱһ˫
Ľ̾Ҽûе֮ʦΪ˶ң
ϲŮЦôĵӡ
ĽЦЦϿҵĵʦ㣬е֮¡
ˣԴһζʾɣҪӲ


18 
óѹǱӿеŮӱ˴Ƕģʢ˥еӡ
£ûãʾӣѡֻӲʾ˵֮һ
Ů俴Ȼʦãȥǰּߣ죡
ʦ㡭ԲŮɵĿһĽĵʹ˸ɫ
ĽɫԼϸӲ֣ȴװûףüŹŮ
찡ŮŤͷԲŮ
ԲŮҡҡͷĽʹǸȻ̾˿ðɡ
Ťܿƾᣬ첲֣зһ˿ɣϢ
ŮбĽϼߣ
Ľ޽̣ʦ㣬
޽Цʦãʦܲô۸˼ң
ûһöΣʦ㣬¹ˣŮбĽβȥ״ǸӺɷ򣡡
Ľü̾˿ʦαˣ
ӴõӺɷ򣬱СŮ۸ˣŮȻЦֱЦ
޽Цʦܣѹ֮д裬ֻҪɡ
Ľͷԭˡ
޽һۣʦҲʲôöЦһԿأ˿ûнΧ֮⡣
ԼûѹеŮʵϣֶ伫ˣԼҪ۸
ԼӰԼһʼǣʹ书ˣҲĨȥӰ
ԲŮλʦ㣬뿴һǰּʦȫ
ԲŮʱ¶Ϊ飬ŮЦ뿴ּܼ򵥣ңܿ
Ľüʦ㣬Ҹţܴ㣿
ŮЦûͣǾͱ¿ּˣ
Ľҡͷʦ̫ˣ
۸ΣŮЦûһö

ףʦܣŲֱ̤ĽŮһ
˽Դһһзɡ
ͺǺЦʦŵİɣʦ㣬ʦ㣬ʦ㣬Ҳڡ
ŮбһۣЦһ
޽Цĵʦܣѽ
ͺǺЦѽѽּʦˣǡ
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޽ЦҡͷҲأ֪ô¡
ʦ㣿ͰƲ죬ȴͱƣЦǺŮЦʦе֮էΪʦʦ㣬öһһѹƣǲǣ
ǵģ죡Ů
ҡͷЦЦĽʦܣô£
Ľʦãֹ뿴һǰּλʦȴȥ
ŶͻͷתŮʦ㣬ǰǳϼĹ򣬹ʦѵҲǵķȤοǰ飬ת˵ķ
죡Ů鷨ǰ鷨ãҪһ£ܵ𣿣
ǺǡЦҡͷʦҲҪ鷨ˣأ
ǵģģ鷨ôˣŮЦͷ
̾αˣ鷨õĶǣǰ˵鷨Ҳõģβһ
ŮЦҾ׼һˣǵģǳӶһ·ɫʦǲҪСʦܳͷ
Σѣûб·չ˵ıƵһˣٲסˣպ̧ͷˡ

ͷʦֻǰּ
ŮЦõúܣùңּ򲻹һȥ
ã̹ʦľѧͳĵͷ
Ľһ֪ʹ򲻹Ů裬ȴҲʵΪӲͷƤ
ʦ֣ɡֱһֱ죬ȻˣʱȻڵɱţһʦ㡣
ôĿŮЦֵģ书Ưͺˣ
ֱ޶ԣֻֻǶƤӣ
úãǾֵ¼£Ůҧҧ°쵰ÿζֵƤϵʤ˵ȴÿ䶼쳣ſԽԽɶ
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İɣҲǳһˣŮЦ
ֱ첻˵ĥƤӣ֪Ů˶֮٣׻Ƕ֡
һ䣬ֵǳȥ
ߣŮߵߣԲŮ޽̶Ľ
ʦ֣ʦĽЩĵʡ
ҡҡͷҲֻ֪ܿ˵ˣʦܣǲãǣ
ĽЦʲôҲûŪôһо֪Ҫġ
ͷǵҲǣһ㲻ʮ壬Ҫʦģû뵽ôѡ
Ľλʦ߯ˣǲܹʲô̼
š͵һͷ̾Ϊ˵ƭɱˣˣǵĸˣеˡ
Ľüҡҡͷ
͵ʦƫ书ãʦܵ书Ҳ
ĽͷʦֲǶ֡
ʦһúƴо˵˵˭ʤ˭ܣ֮䣬˵ʦʤ
ԸˡĽ̾λʦ֡
ﻰæڰ֣ʦ֪ѹֻа˸еӣһٸŮӣ
Ľͷʦ˵ˡ
͵ǿɲԸһֱͣ
ĽüҺͺĲã
ҡͷǵϧʦʦʦȴжԹ䵽ϣɲԼֻҧס
Ľǲݣ
͵ͷǰǲݣҲˣһҪģһֱȥ
ĽЦ˸һٸ׼óԿ
ͻܲסȺǣȷʵԲٵĿǷܷŬһ̾
ǵģںֹʲôŮ洫
Ӧһ

Ѹٵĵǹģһ˶Ƕĸ֣ʦܱϵǶ֡
ĽЦЦã֪ˣʦ֡
ҧ߹һأպúһڶ򣬺ǺЦһֹۡ
ĽЦˮתһúġ
͵ǣӱʮ겻
ӿ첽ӳ˴ʱֱĶֱֱŶԷէȥԡ
ĽܸоһεϢڶײмȻǰ粻ͬϡ֮޷壬һ뿪ɢȥʧȥҪ
Ԫ㣬Ҳޣûʲôˣȴ˼ơ
书һزͨƣķϣγھơ
ͳʦܣΪǣǿ
ߣϢˣŮЦһϺһУ
ᣬڶȴعһ㣬ζһ£ĽһʱѪӿ
ǿᣬҾǿϿѪ
Ծ棬ĺССͣŽȴһϺɢ

顭սһţֱƶСǰŲƮ˫鶯ˮֱ϶룬ֱ䵽·硣
ĽüһͣͽУһ˲˲Աһ㣬ʱҪȥ
Ľֿ޽̣ЦпųУΪ⣬ɰҡͷʦ㣬һӻˮŽЦУԼܺãȴЦص֪Լ
ٿԲŮüëţЩĵĿųУĽʱͷһϸһ
¶һ˿ЦѲɣʦϲʦֵģ
㣬Ȥ֪ʦֱֿ֪ˣҽ죬Ĭԣ˿ģŮֵܹסʦݽҲѹ֡
ɷǲףʵڲ̫Ůӱ˴˶һףǱˣ߶ֺá
Ľʱ򣬳ԴֺĽ̾˵ΪȺʤһѹӡ
һɽһˮһһһʱ֮佩סˣѷʤ
ʦ֣ʦʤ𣿡Ľ
ͽųУҡҡͷ˵
ĽҪҪʦһѣ
Ťͷüô
˵仰̼һ£ĽЦ
ҡͷǵɣҪôɣֲ˺á
еֻа˸Ůȴһ٣һ˻սʵ֮£ֵúá
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Ц򣺡Ҫʦܰˣٳ֣һҪֻּģ
ĽЩεĵʦ֣Ҳ˼
İɣһҪġ͵ϼһҪּģ
ĽҪ˰ɣǲһֱ
Ϊأҡͷʦܣǲ˽ǣʲôݵ¶óÿֻܽţǻ裬ƫƫǽĵĻᣡ
Ľüǰô
͵ͷţʦܵͳһ֮Ųο

Ľ˿Ҫ㣬ֻһ취Ǵǣּ
룬ʦ֣ɣ
㡪һЦʦܷİɣһġ
Ľһһ˵ȻҪּԼ
ʦܣЦˣͰֵֻһµĹ򣬻ի书
ĽЦѧղʲôؼھӦϡ
ʦܣΪС㣬իѧͰ֡
Ľֺηʦ֣Ѳǻɱң
ǵڡЦй棬ͬУɱ⣬ʦǳٹҲֻǸƤ֮ࡣ
ĽЦˣΪּܵûʲô治ɵĻҾȥʦ㡣
һҡͷ򲻿ɣ˹أһͱﶼ
Ľü֪Щ
֪ܲ̾˿װ֪ڹභԻ༤ֻҪ̫ݼȿɣһͱǰĻҲܲ֡
ĽЦЦͷȫˣֲõֵôԭһֲԣǷܷʧ˶
⵹ʧΪһֺ÷ӣĽԵͷһźĻ˵ƽʱиô̼ţܸ
ؼһƽ⣬ǻභڹؼʱһ¶⣬ҪֶΣѹǧ꣬ѾֶΡ

飡һ죬ֱȻ˳ȥı¶һ˿ЦݣĺߵֵģٻȥúɣҶ˵
ֱɳ⣬غؿڣŹģù򣡡
ߣСԶţĵƲһƲ죬Ťͷʦ㣬㿴̲Σ
ţֻˡ޽Ц˵˵ԸС㹻ˣ
ʦ۹⾫׼Цԭһֱû̲壬췭ŲŶ򡣡
ʦԹˣѵѵá޽̵̲Ƶİںһ¡
ʦӺõúܣҲȥߡĵ
̸۵˸߲ңûĽǣͽŨüһֱ
ȴûʾ֪ʦ԰ԼҪ䣬ʹΣ粻˵
ֱĿǺ죬˫ȴסˣˣٶ˵ȡ裬ƾʦӣҪúԼװܡ
ĽԼ˲ֵʱǰδʤʱԼֵĻãȴٶˡ
ֱˣԼȴʤˣֱʦԴԵ̫ˣ
ֱһ֪԰ӣܿ棬ôĻڣ˸ҡ
ʦܣô«ˣӲˣĲŹֱЦӺɷ򣬻򲻹СŮӣţ
ֱʦ㼼һ
бЦʦܻˣϴ϶ҿɵ
ֱ촽һԲֻ˫
ĶĵӺ⣬Цôٴһ
ֱʦ㲻ص⣬һºٱһ
ƲƲ첻мĵһ¾һ£ҵҪʲô£ʦܣ㱾²С˭Ƶģ
ʵˣ԰ýΪˣݲֱ԰֮˼԰ˣһɽݶһ㡣

Ťͷͣʦ֣Ҫ𣿡
һʦõ书оϲɺأ
ٷϻҪҪ򣿣ûһֵ书ûо˵˵һ䣬Ҫٴ𣿡
ͻͷĽʦ֣ɡ
ʦܡüҡͷ
㡪бһĽˮϸ̣֮Իκһ˵š
Ľ΢Цһһ˵Ҫּʦ֣Ѱʦ㣬ֽ̼У
ĺȻЦٿһЦݣ˪㻹ǺôĿѹӸǱ²󣬿С
Ľʦ㣬˳ŵĵӣûѧþѧҶּʹʤҲʤ֮䣬ǲǣ
ʤ֮䣿ߣҲʤˣĲϵЦ
ĽգܵסʦУʤΣ
ôĿЦƾܵסУ
ĽЦЦŤͷ޽̣ʦ㣬ΣܵסУּңסĻҶ˵ֱ뿪
޽Цʦܣţѧķɣ
Ľͷմķû
˵ѧիѧ޽̵
Ľѧһӣͨһˣֻǿ壬ġ
իѧǲԶӲסʦеġ޽Цҡҡͷ
ĽЦɣˣҲΥ⣬Ҳϼˡ
˵Ȥ޽ЦһҡͷҲգȻ㣬ͳȫһأʦã
ü𣺡ʦ㣬ҿɲԴС
޽ûİһۣʦã㻹治֣Ǿͽּ
ߣûŶĺߵ
޽̵ǾͶְɣòСʦܣҲûּˣǲǣ
ãܽУҾͻּЦһбĽСʦܣҿ˵ˣҶûأ˿ɱԹҡ
ĽЦеĵʦģҲ˵
˵Ͳˣĺһ˫ƣðɣϻ˵ֵ¼°ɣ
Ľǰ㱻׽ס

Ͱ򣺡ʦܣ
ĽŤͷЦʦ֣İɣֻӹʦУӲסҲûʲôܲɣ
üһ۹ģʦã
Ʋʦ֣Լ˵ģûǿ
۸һŵʦܣ¹ʦҲó
ŸͰԵȴͣƽʱһֱЦǺǵģٶ˷Ƣȴŭˡ
Ǻðɣʦ֣ΣǴһùң㻹ּ򲻹ģûĵ
һͣ򲻹ģ֮УΪɣΪᣬΪȴ
ֱǰ֮ǿߣ򲻹ģԼҲɡ
ûĵǾٷϻһ¾͹ȥҲģ
һĽ̾ʦܣܡ
Ľæ֣ʦ֣˲翿ˣֻԹԼԹˣУлʦˣ
ֱڰ֣ɫ˫ĵŹģĿҲһֱֱ
Ľʦ㣬ɡ
İĽһۣСʦܣôĿֵһ·ɫͺúýѵѵ㣡
˵һư죬ٿһµĽǰѾĽؿڡ
Ľ١һһȭ
飡˺µĹǾ
Ľһջȭͷ΢Цʦ㣬á
ԼüĽСʦܣôľԣ
ϸһղŵĸܣǾ

һ飬ǸͰԵľͬȻ⣬⾢ȴⲻ
Ľ΢Цʦ㣬ҵСͱȱ˴һЩ
üһ
⻰һ޽ͬʱĽ
޽̵ʦã
šЦֲôĿԭΪ̣ߣе˼ˣ
Ľ΢Цҵһѣɲó
޽ҡͷЦСʦܣóúܣֲù״ѧ
Ľɻȥ
޽̵Сʦܣ˵ˣʦãôҪȻ﷭
ƲƲ죬ߵһˣʰ
˵ղĽ˵߳һƣ
һεĽƮƮĽ󱳣ƻʵ죬һ
Ľȴһȭ海ȥ۾һ㣬Ӧ죬顱һ죬Ľ˺һҲ˺һ
Ľ¶ʹ飬ĹһΣȥ
Χ˳һû뵽ĽһȻߣôܵסһơ
ĽЦЦû뵽һȭɶˣʦ㣬ˡ
üһʦܣû뵽㱾أ
ĽЦҵʦ̫ˣ
ĺһҵС㣬Ȼ츳ˣ
óĽûоԣȴЧֻץס˿㣬Լʽȴ첻
һôһ˻ɣǲ˶صķĽô췴ۣӦ

ĽЦʦ㣬һˣ
΢۾Ľ۾ʦܣһһȫղסƵĻ
޽æʦãҿ˰ɣ
Ťͷ޽æҿʦܵסƣѾܿɹƾ
ʦ㣡ü
޽̰ڰ֣ʦãһأʦʤˣϾʦţܵסƣʦ㻹˼˵ʤˣ
Ĳĵĺһȴû
޽°⣬ֲùʦţȻţ죬츳֮Уѹľѧһɳ죬һǱ˺ġ
ʦûأһ׷գʦܣиôĻĪˣǽһЩΪӳúܡ
޽̿Ĳˣæʦã
æֱջĿ⣬ȴڲסɬ޽̣޽һ죺ּʦܣʦܺúò˵ĳϼأ
ĽЦЦлʦ㣡
һת㿴͸޽̵˼죬ûѵӼͷϡ
ǰݸĽʦܣúñ棬ĪҪŪˡ
ĽЦлʦ㣬һСġ
һ׷ѹʦ㣬
һŤȥתۼʧ޽ĽЦЦȻҲʧ
Ľ˲æһᡣ


19 
ֱĿ뿪һظĽȫ˾ϣûǡ
Ƕ뿪ˣĽʦܣΣ
ĽѾչᣬŰβ̾ŵͷ鷨ѵõĺ鷨
ʧЦҡͷʦܣ㿴鷨
ĽȻ̧ͷ鷨ʲôʦ֣ģ
͵ǲοǰѧ볯ϼӳգٶǳϼֿ򡣡
ĽüֱʦܣʵϼѣֻҪʱ䶢ǶҿʱһȻ򣬲ÿ˵򶼲һǳҲͬȫ˵ĻԵˡ
ĽЦûоǰ鷨
֮鷨ͺǺЦʦܲǶˣ뷨ǲһ
ֱʦ֣һǵû˵ʦܶ辶أ
԰Ϊееһ֣Ϊ͵أΪ书
һδ򶷹Ľû٣Ŀ࿴òСƾΪùʦԿѵãҲԼһڶʦûô׶Ըûʤ
ĽЦҸķһֱǶģʶҪȥо鷨
ʦ˵ʦܣƾԼоɣ˵㸣ԵءĽЦܴܹʦã˵ã
ĽЦʦֱЦˣҴɵģܵסѾǼޣһоҪܡ
ҡͷЦЦǵδأʦ򵥣ֺֿݣɲС
Ľ˵ʵҴƾŸоȭǴˣһȭͲ֪ˣ
͵ͷ˵ʦ츳ˣɾͲðɣʦܣûȥúò꣬ǾͲ
˵գֱ뿪˴ĽĿ뿪ҡҡͷûôùˣҪӦһٸŮ˿ɲס

ĽصԼСԺϸоּһ书ʼǣһЩѧĸǼʶ˸ѧã¼дһЩѧƽ֮
һμǣдʮľһЩľ飬Ľ˴Ϊ̾Щȱٵġ
볯ϼûʲôϵ˵һ˳ϼķ죬ȴûĽϼ
Ľףǿȥϼ֣оΪֵԵʣǵһԵʡ
ǿһٶųϼƣΪĵԵʣԭȻԼʶȻ֪ԼļʶȻ
еĵĽµˣ˿ᲢûʲôϼջҪϡ
ֲûʲôŹ֣ʻҲγʲôķֱҲ׼ˣ͸־ʲô
ĽΣ뵽һ鷨ûϼĽҲջ֪λǰλ˫ȫ֮ˣǸʫĲӡ
Ҳǰ·ңԵʻΪָֹ֣֮仹͸ż˵Ϣɫʡ
֪ԼԺ졣
峿ʱ֣ĽԺվ׮һʵٹ峿ٹ糿
ĽչţҶվ⣬һϮӳӰ
Ľ΢Ц
ҶĽһۣԺӣ˵ʦǶˣ
ĽͷǣʦֽС
ҶСͤŵ£Ǹ˵ˣ츳ѡ
ĽЦҡͷλʦ㻹ǡ
Ҷ¶һ˿ǳǳЦ⣺ǲǾǽƻȷˣ
ĽȷˣǶȸ״
ҶЦЦʦܣûôء
ĽҡͷЦһٶ˵վڹĽǶȿ⣬Ȼûʲôˣȥһӵ뷨

뵽ö˵ֱӵʦ㣬鷨
鷨ҶüڻרҽǴϼƵġ
Ľʦ㣬ͨ鷨ϼ
鷨Ҷ룬ͷûôԹаգ
ĽûĵûԹ֪
Ҷͷͱīֽ⡣
ĽʵԣǿٹֲǳϼʹҲ
Ҷҡҡͷǵδأٹķϡ
ĽüҲΪٹĹˣ̫鷳
Ҷ˵鷳Ҳ㣬һķศٹˣ
ٹϢһķҽҲ˶һǿ̶ȣֻܷŲգٹȴɣջض٣ҪһķĹࡣ
Ľ˼ҶĻٹȷʵбķศķȻתΪٹ鷳Ҳȵٹǿ
ôЩѹûٹ򣬿ٹȷʵȱݣϼ䲻ȫҲȿٹҽ켸֡
ô˵ҵüϼĽʡ
ҶҡҡͷڵĳϼȫȿٹһЩ߼̫鷳רٹ
Ľǰĳϼɣ
ǡҶͷʵǰҲǰ·һճΪ¶֣ǳϼĹ͡
ĽͷðɣʦģһŬġ
ǶˣԸʤһ˵ܲҶ
ĽЦҾΪɡ
ҶԼŰɣҴϼơ
ĽЦŵͷҶСͤʼƷ

峿ʱ֣ҶٴιĽСԺĽСͤīһϮƮƮĽ󣬿д֣ϼԱһؼ㡣
ſ˿涼֣ϼ
мǰˡס
ĽߣܿдһţȻ󽫱ʷŵϣŤͷʦ㡣
ˣҶﶢֿ
Ľҡͷ򡣡
šҶ̧ͷҿѾǰˡ
Ľ̾˿ֻһǰ
һѽҶǰѱһֱ
Ľæѽ
ðɣܸ㣬šҶһ£ͷ
Ľ¶Цݣлʦ㡣
Ҷк򣿡
Ľҡҡͷһ˿Ҳû
Ҷ˼ͷҾͲˣżãҲûʲôЩ궼ûˡ
ĽЦЦٶ˵


20 ʧ
Ҷ뿪ܿƮƮСͤһŵʯϣǰĳϼ
Ľûϸһۣ޳ʹɫ쵣һ֪ǹ
Ƕö۴Сİ񣬵ַһɫէȥĨһ֬
ذνʣĽܸо˽Ĳ
ҶǰɱˣһɱЩ죬Щһֱû˸á
šĻ̌ͷ
бСͤϣ籦ʯ䣬Ľ˶ԾλʦȻĶ
ԭ·ŨˣĽܵ
Ҷתɨһ۽˻ܽӰ죬겻ɱӿԿơ
ĽʦԹˣ
ҶͷԹȷʵ᲻Ծñ꣬ɱˣҲѹƲס
Ľǰɱ
Ҷҡͷǰǫǫӣɱ˵ġ
Ľüǰİɣ
ǸϼһģϼҶףǰԵǰ˳ϼĴУͬʱõ˳ϼ
ĽǰܼԦѽ˵Ϊϼֻ˳ϼܹԦ˽
˽࣬ʵϧûáҶҡͷ
ĽЦʦ㣬ҾԿ˳ϼܲܰ⽣ã
СҶһͷ
ĽЦ⽣Ҷ༸ְա
뷨أû˴ӽֲ򡣡Ҷ
ĽִϽ۴Сİǡ͹λãʱһϢ͹롣
ĽüȴۣϢȴתһȦȻ
һȦɢȥûʲôвʣµһ˿޵Ϣϸ˿ȴޱʵʡ
ĽǾǿᣬҲֲһ˿Ϣ

ҶۣʵΣ
Ľͷá
Ҷһֻ󣬿ʲô˳ۣϰѽߣλʦܲ߻һŻָԪ
ĽЦʦİɣԻСġ
ǶˣĵĹ򣬵Ҳܴ⡣Ҷ
Ľͷס
ҶüһǲǾ҆
Ľæ֣ܲʶôлʦġ
Ҷһ£ˣһǸ˵ɡ
ĽɻҶʾʲô˿˶սһһ̫Ҫ
ĽЦЦͷɵĵ˲ŶʢǱ˲ţӵķӸ֮ŶǣһŲ̫Ҫ
ҶҲϧˣѲܴ빬УΪǸˣһϰĺʣǡǰơ
ĽЦЦԭˣǼҺˡ
ҶҪһԵġʧɣ
Ľҡͷ̹ϣʧȴظ
ûѵͣ˵ʲôʺãУȺºֺ֮ʵڲ˷ģԱ
ĽһֱɻҶǷеӵģΪԼãҶҲһˣ־ᶨ۽翪ΪԼı䡣
Ϊһܸ֮µģ¿ǵ棬ͼֻΪһʱ嶯£һ֮ȥ
һ˵ĽģǱһϣ¼Լ£ӻʦһˡ
ţҾͷˡҶֻһ˿ϣҪԵģҲûʲôһᾡĽ㡣
ĽЦл
ؿȥˡҶףóÿĽԼʦʱãо׽ʱ䵭
ҡҡͷһͨ˵ˣ˵Ȳ˵ã޼Ǹģ˵ʵòн٣ʩԹ

ĽĿ뿪ҡҡͷ̾˿ԭһ˿ҲȻ޴棬ǹܵŮˡ
뵽ԼŮǣ˼ԼԺľתɽӿǵ˼
ʱһҪҵȥİ취ҵħݺ£ңڡ
뵽ʱĳӿѹº󣬾𳤽һ齣УһĨӳ
Ľ΢۾̾ý˳ѩ羵һӳӡ
⽣һĽ̫ͬˣζһ£䷴⣬ʱӳСͤ֡
ǰ˴գĽȻ⽣Ȼûһ˿ůڵģ͸ż㣬񴺷档
ĽӴٵߺˣϢȴûůڵĳ
Ľת澹Լ֣仨һ㣬͸ŹϢĽȴϵá
룬ŽСͤݣǰָһһÿ飬ͣסһ
뽣ǰҲѽʣֱӺŰϣʼ飬ҳ죬Ȼͣס¶Цݡ
ⱾһĵĶԱȣʱֻɨһ۱ӵһߣΪټ顣
û뵽õˣһҵ֣¶Цݣǳϼֲ֣ýгϼɡ
ܰӡ뽣У֣յ⵽Ūȥģʵ󲻳
Ȼ֪֣ûȤȻֽСͤѽʺϵ䣬ֽ֡
ŽϵϢĽǰľϵֲ֪˱仯˼Īϡ
һһŵؼ䵽ԱߵϣĽд׿⣬Ѱ뽣Ϣһµһ̡
һд죬˱Ϣд֣СͤѾһصؼ㣬ҴСͤɳȥһԺӶֽ

峿ʱ֣ϴСͤд֡
Ȼͣס¶һ˿ϲɫĴǰ֣볯ϼϵһģһ޶¡
λϣһģһ֮гĽ㾫ǿᣬԺģݵģû㡣
ĽϲĴ˼֮ȴҡͷԼ´ˣǰΪֻҪдһ޶ܹͨİ
洫ӡҶģ黨һЦĽΪλǰҲ㴫һֱ̿ĥ鷨ǰһ޶
ȴǴˣδԼƲһ㣬ͷһա
üʱԺֱԺаֽƮɣĽüͷס
ʦܣôˣʹܣʡ
ĽЩ죬ʵڲ⣬Ļ̌ͷãȻԳԼ˼С
˼άתŵô᲻ԣΪû˵Ӧòࡣ
Լʮ㣬ǰм޹ûסԼģΪ˹վֱ׼Ժݣļһ㡣
һҲʮ㣬˵ΪʵƶúܣԼһƵõȴ룬һա
Ľ㣬;òԾæǰ򣺡ʦܣ̫ˣϢϢ
ĽعҡͷЦʦʦּЦˣɡ
òãͦãͰڰ֣ˡ
ֱʦܣǿ
ĽͷЦһЩУʦֻðɣ
Сˡֱͷˡ
ͺǺЦǶϰˣô˵ķˣҲһֶΰ
ĽеԳ֮⣬Цʦ֣¸һʶӺɷ졣
⻰ҰǺǡĽ򣬴Ц

ֱһ㲻ǼʶǸʶܲģͣѹǣ
ҡͷ̸ףǵķö࣬ͷоԽԽԡ
ֱƳһͣߵʦ֣⻹
ʦܣͱԹٱˣοЦ
Ľ⣬ֱߵʦǲһţʦʺãһأҫ˼ұˡ
Ľ¶ЦݣӦˬ
㬵ĺһҪ֪ҲŲǣ̫ʵ̲סˣ
ĽԹʦ֡
ʦܹæͷֱһ㣬Ųţ̫Сۣ
ֱûĵǴʦƾʲôҪһŮѹ
ͺߵķͽκΣҿû͵
ֱ첻ٶ˵ˣһڷ̶ܳȣѹܱȣϧɣŬҲ˼ҡ
·ϣƾó̵ܣҲ˼ԽԽԶ˾
ڰ˸ӵУѾˣ۸ط۸ˣƫƫԼ˵鷳


21 
˵ĽǿԼɣĳϼܣǧҲû
ֻ˵˵ʵ֮ΪĽǹյѹӣѰ
һ򷴶еӣѹΪŮɣӮأڣĵװЦѹеӳȥ޹⣬ЦŮˡ
һλеӣ̫߳޼ɱȻѰǱ˼ϣ
˵ǧ񳯱ƽ⣬ĳϼѹеü
ʹˣᴫˣҲеӵĹ٣ֻҪɣѹŮһͷǵ棬Ǿ˷ܲѡ
Ϻƽ⣬ȴУԹ̲סȣĽǲˡ
Ľģ˱ûϷʧȴûֳĴĽġ
ǿóλʦҲĸģӦòǵĴ£ǰûϢӴ˱ˣҲһ
ʹŰϵؼ㣬ЦǺǵĵʦܣѧҪģҪԽԽɡ
ĽҡͷЦˣˡ
Ц·ͨһ·ҵ·ġ
ֱ׷
ĽͷԿɣλʦֿʲô£
ûأ㣬̫ˣ塣Ͱ֣ЦʦܾΪ̫Ѫ˺һӡ
ʦֱ֡ڰ֡
Ц˵ʦҲǾ飬ʦ̫УҪɣԼŪѪƵù˽׼ٲ򡣡
ĽȻͷʦ־ͣ
Ҳǹ¡ֱֵǿҲ·Ҫ˳ȻҵԼٺ񡣡
Ľһע⣬λʦ֣дһ°ɣҸѧϼƣһֱû
ðЦҲˣǱȻ¡

Ľʱ̣һѷֱָ֣ףԲС
˳СֱͤһɨȣСͤǰĿյɨɾԭؼԱ߷ߡ
ĽҡͷЦʦ֣ʦ֣̫ˣЦ
ʦܣֲˣְɣͺǺЦڰ֣
Ľһǰ󣬸ɾ䣬Ϻһ嵽͸ǰһƮƮĳ
Ʒͺһӭϡ
мһֱ֪ûУĽƮƮһ˿ûʲôвֱȴóһĵϼƮ鶯硣
˶ʱתˣ²ͣ÷λϼʹ쾡¡
ֱһüſĿ˸˼
û뵽Ľϼƾ˻򣬺ʮһ㣬ʩչȻʦƽɫ˿ûɬͣת硣
ããƷͲʱߺȣЦ˫ȴƮƣַޱȣӰĽ
ĽҲʾƻΪһƬƬӰӣͶ൱˿ûиɬ
飡һ죬ĽͬʱˣĽֹס˺һ
һ죬󣺡ʦܺôľ
ĽЦʦֹ
ҡͷСǹѲǰѧϼƣ
ĽʦῪЦ
ǰѧ̶Ҳ˵ģͿЦǻǰ׻ˣ
ֱͷʦܹȻ츳ˣ
ʩչƷڷܣ츳֪ķ֮Ҫͬ̿࣬ķֱӾ죬ܲ׾һȴǾԣЩ޷ֲġ
Ľ츳ɣһͼסʩչҲɣóϧɡ
СӣҪ¿๦ȡɣھ͹þˣһӣҿ治ǶˣͰ֡

Ľ㣬ֱʱ־ˣٴƴٿ̿༸֡
Сʦ¾ͳ޹⣬ЩŮҵЦԼĽڣ
ߺĽ鷨ڵѧ츳ȷʵʲôһѧͻᣬһã书С
ΪѧȻ󾳽ѧȥСѧ֪ʶʹеĲ֪һҲ֪ˡ
д֣ûʲôķû׷Ӧ㣬ĵд֡
ԽԽ׼ϵһ޶칦д覵ϧãһ˿Ҳû
ʱ֣Сͤ￴Ϧ䣬Ժһ߿հףҪúϢһ˼·ҵ֮
䣬ɷδǿᣬĽľǿᣬӰ졣
ĽŲҶһϮ峤Сͤ㣬Ƣľ
ĽŤͷҶü㼸ûκˣ
Ľ򢣬磬ȷʵܾûκˣЦҡͷ£ݹ٣кιɣ
ԴһҶԼ뷨ĽҲſˣҶγ
Ҷ̫ˡ
Ľҡͷţ̫ˣض˵ʦʦѾȰҡ
Ҷﵭǧû˲͸Ķһ͸û֮ߡ
ĽЦЦû˵Ϊ۷ܲ԰
ҶеĻȥߣʦǽһ£ɽ֮ʯԹ񡣡
ĽЦǣлġ
Ҷϼˣ
ĽѾˣҪұĹ򣿡
һ׳ϼҶ˵ϼ߶˿ٹӰ쳯ϼ׽ȷʵϽʺ
ĽͷǾʦ㴫Ұɡ

Ҷϼһ㣬ϼһ˽ϼʮϼŽѧϼһ˽
Ľüͷһһ˽
Ҷףһ˽ףʮǾŽɷ򣬽ԽԽǿ
ĽЦҡҡͷʦʦȷʵҪʡ
һѧҪȼ󷱣Ӥѧһܣѧ򵥵ģѧӵģѹãˣѧһ˽ĽţʹѧҲ޷Ӧãһ˽סѾףʹóǼޡ
Ҷ￴һۣɣˣ
Ľҡͷʦ㣬ʼɡ
ȥϴһɣҶ
ĽЦŵͷתСͤһæࡣ
ǰһֱУγףԾ룬һæˣˣһɣһװ
Ҷĵͷ³СͤǰҽȴٴˣԽԽѧ
Ľͷǡ
ҶνʣĽǺƽ潣ûУûкĽԼģԼԼ
ҶﻺʩչУܼ򵥵ĽʽĽһѧᣬһ¾ͼסҶʱɬһЩ
ҶƽĵͷĽȴܸо˷ܣȻԼ츳ָϲˡ
ڰ֣˵ϸˣܹ˼ʩչٴʽ
˵ձ㲻ĽֱתˣĽɬнǳգûʲôѵ㣬Ҳָ

Ľ£ȰнˣʵģȥǱ߿⼸ڱչأҪ˵վš
ҲȥλʦǵԺӣڶЩʦǣһȥ˶ҪѵֿԵ»ǲΪ
ѳϼ£ʯϣʱϦ£Сͤϣůĵƹ
һ̳ƣСһ˼ųϼûģȴһֱûʲôķӡ
Ȼһ٣״ɾƱͣߣ˸˷ܹâ͵İѾƱ£Ȼ齣
ˮӳСͤҲӳĽλεĽƣ־۵ס
С˷ŵһߣٴΰϱīֽ⣬鷨һȴ֡
дһһ飬뽣ϵԽԽ񣬲һȫĽҲһһд˾ͣƬ̣Ϣһ
ÿдһȴ߾ȫľ񣬾һҹ糿ʱֳ˺Ӳ磬Գֲɣ
ȻѱһȻתݣ˯˴ʱֲȻд
һΣһŽһֻӱʣһ֮֮ͣʣȻסһ˫ۡ
һëʣһְųϼ۾·Ϊһ
Լһʱ䣬Ľۣ¶˷֮ɫ
ǺЦѱʷŻرʼϣʣ߻ӣȻϥ齣ʼ
һҹʱܿȥʱѾŴţӣϴһԺӣֱϼ
ϼУҶڶ飬ֳһ飬糿ڵ͡
ϼû˰أĽֱ룬Ҷ龲
Ľʦ㡣
Ҷﴩһ覣ڱʯˣ
Ľͷǡ
Ҷ¶һ˿Цݣʲô
ĽҲ֪ǲǳϼ
Ҷü룺Լһ󣿡
Ľʦ㣬ҿɣʲô
ҶﶢҪҿ
ĽЦЦʦ㣬ʹϼҲԼ̣һá
Ҷһۣðɡ
û뵽Ľػ书ķ󣬱ȽƱ
Ľһķʦû⡣
齰ɡҶһָԱ߰齡
Ľϥϣʼ˹ҶƵģһ
ιĽۣŤͷҶҶҲķ
ǳϼĽʡ
Ҷһ£ҡͷĳϼû֪Ҳܶ϶ķףԶʤڵĳϼ
ĽЦͺá
ʦܣãҶʣԱĽ£ҿʼһֱдϼ֣ûʲôջ񣬺ϼ֣һд֣ддţתǸղŵķ
ҶɻĽĳϼ
ĽνʣЦʦɿ֣
ҶǺģдǳϼҲд֣ûʲôо
ĽЦһֳֽһд֣дһģһ뽣ϢһȻиӦ
ҶŵԿɡ
ĽЦⲻ̫ס
ҶһۣĽæ֣ʦ԰ɡ
Ҷķܿ죬ӦǰĳϼǰҲǰ·䣬ȴܿΪ֣ķйء
ĽҾɣٹһ
ÿһΡҶ
Ľͷãһȥˣϼȷʦ
ģϼġҶ


22 ǰ
ĽЦҾĿԴʦܲá
Ҷڰ֣ϼǰ̺ñīʼдԼ鷨ʮ㡣
Ľȭʦ㣬ҪҪλʦ֣
Ҷﲻͷ˵һӡ
Ľͷת˳ϼ
صԼСԺ󣬱չزķƶʮа˾žǳϼˡ
Ժģ⳯ϼզ࣬Ȼѧʼܿ죬ԽԽ죬ֱƿ罭ֱ¡
ֲǰܰ·Ҷɾ֣Ϊһδ棬ϼӹΰ
ϼҲû㣬˹ڸնᣬģȴͰԵƭԡ
⹦ɲٶȿ죬Ծչ츳ɾ͡
˾˾խϸϼܿ죬̫ˣȣûֿȵķط޿ɸġ
ϼ죬ԽԽ죬ܿﵽļޣһƿȥʲô
һչ磬һ泯ϼƣϼԾչޡ
һ͸ķչ磬ķ֪û֮
ϼķͰԵķ棬ܿᱻںϣٺõķҲҪóϼ߶
ϼƫƫֶԾޣˮʯͷһ㣬һչȻ
Ľͨܵóۣõķ壬ϼٷˮһ
ϧ幦չĸ߲ΣҪ޵һΣûʮʮ๦Ҳ롣
幦ȻϼܴɣΪ֣ϧһûġ
Ҫ磬һ䶼Ϊ˽ҵ£ӶһأܵŮ𾴣ϰʮٳѾû塣
Ľ幦ܼǼ幦棬ǿޱȣܼ֮֮ͣ
ҶһʣҪյ¡
ͬϼĽܴﵽľ磬һһҲﲻһֻСƿƿһС

һ£չؿ⳯ϼȻ죬ͻͽһǧ
峿Ժվ׮ɣϼǽˣվˣ峿ʱվ׮ɳϼϼ졣
ĽƲ䣬
ԺƿҶһϮĽǰվ׮ûгš
Ľ岻ͷŤʦ㡣
ˣҶʡ
ţͦõġĽüʦ㲣ʲô£
Ҷ̾ҡҡͷǰĽưģĽæʦ㣡
Ҷסģҿˡ
Ľεס壬оһϢ壬Ȼѭһܷأ硣
ĳϼҶơ
ĽûӰɣĳϼɣ
Ҷף˽ǳϼɣ
Ľ¶ЦݣûãˣʦĿһ
ҶҡҡͷĽŤͷһ
û򡣡Ҷҡͷ̾һ¿鷨ȴûʲôЧûʲôķ
Ľüɣʦˣû򣿡
ҶҰķԹûá
Ľ룺ǰ鷨Ȼ鷨ѧϵ֣һ߰ŽоŽϢһд֡
ҶҲķ
ĽȻɿΣһʽ³һڰüôأӦòѰɣ
Ҷҡͷû򡣡
Ľʦ㲻Ϊƭɣ
Ҷһ֣ǰ򣬾ͲǳϼˣʦܣҪϼȥ
Ľͷǣʦ㣬Ѿķλʦ֡
Ҷ̾ҡͷϧŮӲ
Ľװӣ
ţ˹̫գŮ˷֪塣Ҷҡͷ̾㲻õ˰ɣ
Ľֱ˵ķλʦ֣Ȼ봫ŮӣҶһףҡͷС
Ľ˼ЦЦʦˡʵڱ۸̫ݣҲüһˡ
ҶҲãҲ͵ˡ
Ľ̲סεĵʦ㻹кηԸ˵ɡ
֪ҶΪѵ²ˣȴ̲סһ䣬Ҳ̤ʵ
Ҷҡͷ̫˵ǳɣﲻʲôæġ
ĽȤæ׷ʣҶεĵҪȥɱһˣҪһ˳ȥ̽Ϣ
Ľæȥǰڡ
Ҷҡҡͷ


23 ɱ
ĽЦʦǾ书
ҶҡҡͷѷʦǣƷҲݣ书˵㹻ˡ
ΪΣĽЦʡ
Ҷûľ飬ʱ书Ҫ
ĽЦЦʦ㣬پĵãģǰģʦӦ׷ɱҲ˲ıơ
Ҷһ£̧ͷĽܴī׷ɱ°Ȼʵѵã˵
籦ʯ⣬ճһ㡣
Ľüͷһ£ŶҶԼĸѾˣʦԼһһŪһ˲ٵ˼
΢΢ͷҼá
鷢ȷʵѵáҶףָָСͤСͤ£Ľ档
Сͤ˶ţоһ½࣬ɢľϢʹվڸǰҲúԶ׽ȴͬᵽϢоĻӾκëףɡ
Ҷﾲ׷ɱһλдݺ½꣬ӯ
ĽĿºֻͣɨһ۱ջأûԣüݺңڣ˵á
šҶףɽӱŰɱ飬ǿᣬṦҲϼթޱȣ򲻹ܣ¹ΧһȴʧˣøѶԸ
Ľ¹ȶԸ
֪˴ţһǽ˵ڵϵ
¹ҲһĴɣֲȴǸƳʵѹࡣ
¾ƣ¹Ƚɱ°ȻĲ࣬¹ȵʵǿᣬ
ɽƻ֮ӵˡҶ
Ľüʦ㣬ѹе𣿡
Ҷҡҡͷżеӳȥ
Ľ¶ɻ飬ҶѹÿɽһΣ۹£ûȥ
Ľͷͺá
Ҷһ£ı
ĽһˣѾ뵽˽ƻʦ㼴ʹаҲܲţδʤǰܡ
ҶɱһѵɽʱƳ٣ֱɱ
ʦɱĽʡ
Ҷһһλʦϡ
Ľɫͷʦ㣬ǰڣ
ҶһۣĽʦڰʤ㡣
ļҶ
ĽʦҪУһҰɣ
ҶͷҲá
һһŮƮСԺСͤС
ҶСޱչ
չŮ毺ã¶顣
Ҷͷţȥɣ˳ѼҲ
ǡŮӦһȥСԺ֮󣬺ܿһźĳһһ
һĽĿ㱻ĳסˡ
Ҷ￴ˣ¶һĨЦݡ
ŮӯƮת۵˽ǰڹһϣ
Ҷֽӹˣȥɡ
ŮṪƮ뿪ĽСԺ

ʦܣҶһ
ĽһĿӺĹջأŤͷҶʦ㣬չ
ǡҶǹﵶ٣ֻһߣ֪һǰ񵽵ģڻãӦòǷƷ
ĽĵͷǷƷ
ֱ׼һĹþͶעڣѪһ㣬졣
ҶݹڹԿɡ
Ľӹ󣬺ֲ֬һڵĹңˡһ٣
ĽһڵĹң̾ù
⹭޷ޣһֽŲȴǿڵ壬ѰĹһϣ⹭ܽסԼһٽ
ʦܣҳȥһԡҶ
ĽͷǺãʦ㿪ʼɣ
ҶһʧԭأӰӻûɢѾſڳ֣һʧǽ¡
һȥʮɣΣΨһһ˸ʮɣһ̱ʧĽҰ
ĽվţۿȻڵĹһһţ顱ը죬һڹ⻮
顱һҶΣڿзɳʮɣƮƮء
֮Ĳסһ֧ʸ޹⣬ѩ׵Сϲ
Ľ˹΢Цʦ㣬Ҫɣ
ҶҡҡͷһԶȻƽҡͷļ
Ľ΢Цʦ㣬Σ
šҶͷ
Ľͷˣ֪ǴӦˣɫѱˣҲˣֻǵ˵䡣
Ľʦ㣬һһʦܽˣҸаˡ
ҶͷɽṦ׿ԼṦҲմɽ½ǡ
ԼṦҶ㲻ɽҲѣʹܶû׼Ҳ㲻Լ˵ܴһʧˡ
Ľʦ㣬Ǻʱ
ߡҶ
ĽЦãһɱӡ
ҶƳһۣҡҡͷԸ˰ɡ
ްգɽ¹ȵΧѣʹҲ˵ǽթ书ҲǶģпƽʱʵϻ˵͹ʵ¹ȼʹʨõ̬Ҳ˿ӡ

λڹŴڵһСΪλڴ֮ϣдͣͷЪЪ
С䲻ȴȵùһСˣǾ¥ջ۴αȣ֮ʤǡ
Ϧ£¥ϣӴ¿ַǳΣɫľȻ
ʦ㣬֡ӳǰϷһֳֿʲô
ʮ꣬òӢϧɫ԰ףӲһֱûʲô飬ˡ
һŮӣòƽƽԼжʮ꣬峤һ浾̬֮
ŮףţһҪϱĴҪٵҲ
ҪûԺʡ
Ůҡͷһ￪˼¥
ϢȻͨǶĿڡӵͷòʲô书ġ
Ůףλʦˣ书ģ书ȴܼǿҪɽ¡
ûʲô飬ڱʯ⣬ȻĶ
̾һɾ壡
ŮӵɽϢǺʦ崫ġ
ӳһ£мְգ
ʮ֡Ůӵʦɽټ
ͺáӵͷſʼԷ
ĽҶ
ò仯ȴɽʱҶĽһűߣȥƤһ㣬һһϣԼƤûʲô
ĽΪ֣ѲƤߣ
Ҷ䣬Ƥ϶һ޶ľգΨѹߣߵƤҪղƳɡ
ǵãһƳ֮Ϊ죬Ϊ֣쳣
Ҷ֮Ե˲µΪߵĴڣĽ¶ݣټϿٹһʧ
Ľʦ㣬ǻе𣿡
ҶףţвٵѡɽɼҵӣеӶɽϵġ
ĽɽãϾһЩ
ͲסįˣҶ˸
Ľѽе˼ˡ
Ц⣬ȴľȻ޷仯ȥһֱľ
˶סҶﵭ
Ľµ¶ЦݣȻһ٣ֳһָʦ㣬𣿡
ףҶһ

Ľʦ㣡
Ҷæ֣ͷ
ҡͷû뵽ô󣬴ҡڣ±ϲȥʰ
Ľæһ֣ʦ
ҶͣסĽ˼ʦ㣬ǲ̣Żô󵨣
Ҷҡͷô죬³ң񣡡
ô򵥣Ľ
Ҷʦܣ̫ˣض룬һˣ
ǺǡĽһͷǼһãǺðɣҾ͵ʦϹɣ
Ҷڰ治еĻͳ֣
Ľʦģһһ
ȥˡҶףƮƮ˾¥ת۹ڴϣڽС
ĽڴߣΧΪһ壬˿ע⣬֪λʦҲλɱĸ֣μԶˣ䶯Ųæ֪ḻ
Ľҡͷλʦɱ˲ٵţһˣɹǽҡ
ŵĳƮ¥ƽ˴֣֮۸ܱߣҶ
Ҷ·ȣ磬ŽȴǧСһ㣬һ⽣װΣŻ˵ġ
ӯƵģȴһ޳Σӣ縺Ʈ˫ź⡣
һòƽƽȺۣܲ뿪ȺһСӣߵľȥ
Ҷͣһ£ָϣĽںҡҡͷ֪ʦоˣ϶ɽˡ
һѾǼϲòʹԷˣҲֻܽ󣬲ܷ뿪
ʦ㻹ϣ£ֱӺȳǣб
һ䣬Ҷ﷢һ߳ɽվס
ӵͣסΣŤҶҶƮѾǰ˸Զ˴һխСӡ
ĽվһСӣ߸һŷӣҪʩչṦԽԶѷ
üŶҶ￴Сʲôˣ֪ҵ
Ҷһνʣɽɣ
ϷвգɽҲ˻ͷЦЦҶ
ҶﳤһָɽӯҽҪе
ǺǡɽҡͷʧЦСﵹȤе˼˼
Ľҡͷʦ㻹мݼһé®С֪նֻ֪аףһǻѪǺ
ҶЦһߵɽҪڴˣʲôûУ
ɽż縺ӺǺЦС⻰Ҫ㣬ʲôԣĳ͵
ҶҡͷôĿ
һ̳ٶ죬˲̵ɽؿڣɾ˲伴ʾĲ뽣
ӴСмֱ£ɽǺЦһնһ죬ӿȥֱֱɽ
ɽһƮƮҪҶؿڣҶ˹ʧ޷ʱŤܣӭ

飡ͬʱ˳ȥ෴ķ
ɽҶߣҶɽؿڣ˶˶Էһƣͬʱ˳ȥ
ۣɽźˣ³һѪվɫС
ݺݵĵҶм־ŭмּɵ²Ҫģ䵨ȴҲǰСģҲҪԼһ顣
Ҷɫ԰ףȾһѪգȻҲˣɫȴûʲô仯侲
ĽվһСӣҡҡͷʦ㴩Żףһ׶༪١
ɽȷʵǸݽɫһƣȴ治ɫ
Ҷɽ뵽һ죡
ǺǡɽҡͷС㵽ʲôˣ
һƣ˲ˣǽСģСʻ괬Ӳκһӣߵһû뵽˵
Ҷһڣ֪쿴ˣǰСڰأʵÿ£ԼǶ֡
Ҷɱˣ
СΪ֮αزͷ¶βɽ¶һỊ̃Īĳ
Ҷû㲻֪˭
ҲûʲôɽЦҡͷǺãĳˣ
һͷۡһ죬һѪҶҶʶһܹѪ
̧ͷʱɽѾʧ١
ҶһвɽṦ֮һ񣬱㱻ӡ
ԥǰȥ顱һ죬Ҷﵹɻʮأһվȣۡ³һѪ
ĽüȴûɽǽƻǰΣɥ֮Ȯһ㣬ȴһǻǹ
Ҷڲִ֮䣬ֻ׷ϣû˴󵨣ˣӷɱ
Ҷ书ִԵסһƣӲסһƣһɽȫһҶæ֮£Ҳһƿˡ
Сĳ޶޳𣬺οˣɽЦһƮһʧҶҰ
һҶɽһʧṦԶʤԼ
üƮǰĽû
顱һ죬ҶٴεɶأƮƮأٴӿѪ˸Ʊˡ
һŭˣû뵽ԼͬһطΣһǻǹ


24 ɱ
Ľҡҡͷɽȷʵƻ׼˵˼ʦΪһɽˣҪߣɽʼʩֶڰ͵Ϯֵ֡
һҶ伱׷ϣһ˿ģƶɽܣԹһοȻ᳤ԡ
ʹˣȷʵû뵽ɽ˴󵨣ҰԼһΣִӭ֮£ֻʹ߷һǿȴδȫ
֮£ˣŭǳŭɽĽƻթԼӣųο
ߺߣСȷʵɽڰЦһ
ϦСǽͷбյǽͷλãǽмɽԶȴҶС
ҶüóɽƲأṦ׿˿ûӰһ㡣
Ҷﰵ£ʦܵļǲܷãҪԼ뵽һʧһʮ⡣
ɽһֱǰȴһֱţӰһ㣬ɽҲ֡
ΣΪСӰ߰ߣԴҶ˫Ҫ׷ɽɡ
ϧɽ׷ϵĻᣬЦԽԽԶҶЩȥ׷ϵġ
飡һ죬Ҷٴη˳ȥ顱һײǽϣҪǽײһ㡣
Ļ䵽ǽµӰðѪ
ٺ٣С̫ɽ֣һҶǰЦеĿ
Ľڰüһ£ǲȥȡ
ղһɽԽԽ죬ʦҶԽ׷ԽԶȴԲû뵽ɽʹթٿ͵ϮҶ
Ҷһֱ䱸ţڸٱʱҪֹסΣٵܣٴαɡ
üɽĿ˪ƺҪɽס
ɽܵĿ⣬ҡͷЦȻαװģǸأ˵˵ɣ˭
ҶЦһη֮ɫ
ɽ縺ӣҡͷСͲʩչֶΣܵס
ҶЦʲôֶξʹ
ɽЦеĵҰѣӵˣ˶ģ㻹ûȥ
Ҷһ£Խ
ɽһ䲻䣬Ψб仯ҡͷʧЦһλļأðɣֻˣ
˵ձ֣ҶЦһ顱һ죬ɽƽƽһԶ˦˦֣С
ҶﱩѣɽѾȴԱɡ

˪°գû뵽ɽѲԼɽֶ֮£Ȼбˣתơ
СȻ񣬼ѧԨԴɣϷҲɽǺЦһߡ
Ҷһղ⼸Ƽ͸֧еȴκɽá
˫ַǽվҪ֣顱Ȼ˳ȥɽǺЦ죬Ҷǰ
ҶؿڰһƣɫȴԾ糣ۡһѪѾǽϲ
һ̫ݣҶＸչȥǾҵĿԡ
ɽЦеĵСû뵽һɣһԣʱҪ񣬲һǰɣ
Ҷǿֹסԣܽˡ
ɽЦС˵˰ɣ
Ҷһƽһ¿֮⣬ƺ˵ɽЦеĿߴ١
Ҷһĳɽԣ顱һ죬Ҷﵹײǽڣɽ˳ȥײǽϡ
ɽϣۡҲһѪɫ԰ŤͷҶҡͷСķˣʹҲҪңǰɣ
ҶЩ˻ơ
ĽҡͷʱֻˣƮƮһլӣȻ䵽̾˿ʦ㡣
ʦܣɱҶһ̧ͷ
Ľͷá
˵Żɽɽ
ɽĽҡͷʧЦСӣҲСһ
Ľƽ˵ɽϼң
ɽǺЦҡͷСӺôĿѽ
һٴʧԭأṦ֮˿ѷ֮ǰʤһ֡
Ľȴ׷ϣڹһ֧顱һըףѾʧ
Զһƺߡ

Ľ΢Цʦ㣬ˣ
֮Ѿɽȥʸ͸࣬ɳԶײǽϡ
ҶﻺǽվĽûǰ֪ĸԼǿȷá
ҶվĽüʦ㣬˰ɡ
ȥҶ
ĽûַǰߣҶ￴һۣûƿźܿ쵽˶ʮ⡣
ɽǽ£Ϧȥĺɫӿ·ƣվԶС
ҶһʱͣסĽЦʦģ͸ˣûʹթˡ
СΪϡҶȴûͣסǰ
ĽܸܵĽСģʵǳɽ̫ĿԲŻС
Ľֱۣ֪֮ɽˣԼļ֮¡
Ҷ֮ͣһ£ɽһһ֧ؿڴ
λã࣬Ҷڷ̾һˣ
ĽЦùˣһúиоܾ׼
ļ˵ãҶһһܹ䴩࣬νȷ֮¿๦ܴﵽˮ׼
ĽЦЦãϹèˣҲû뵽ô׼
վɱҶ
ĽʦƾṦܶһġ
ļаţҿδܶҶҡҡͷ
˵˼仰ۡҶ³һѪ
Ľһæͳƿһŵ͵ߣҶſˣĽ˳ĨһǵѪ
Ҷһ½סæƿ֣ϱ飬ŭ֮ɫ
Ľһæֵʦ㣬Ҿᱡ֮⣬ֻǡ
֪ˣҶһɽ԰һ㵭Ҷ֪ɽһòˡ

ƿջһСԺĽվԺ룬ͷ»ˮϣΧ¹š
ԶЦջŴֲԶȻѾҹСԾҹֵʱ
ĽվСԺ룬Ϊ¹⣬ǻ
Ҷ˼أ䴩ڼףɽܹ͸ڼ˺壬Ҷ˿ͷ
ĽģһֱվСԺĶͨҶĺ֪
ʦ㣬ҽȥһѰɣĽ
áҶ䴫
Ľҡҡͷ֪ҶﻹΪղŵڲԾ£Ҷǣνᱡ
Ľ̾ɽйŹ֣ʦһˣҪ̫ãҰһѣɽ
ˡҶﵭ˵ȥ˯ɣš
Ľҡҡͷٶ˵ֻǾվԺУҶĺҡͷѡ
˺أɽǳˣһʱ֮κβãԽԽصƣʹ˵ҩҲûá
ĽüҶ˹ִʵûа취Ͼʦ㣬ҲǹǰѾյĻ֪ʲôӡ
޿κֻܾ֮վ棬һʲôôҲܼʱȥȡ
ʱţбĽһվԺ¶ˮʪѡ
ĽȻתŽݣ¹ˮڴϣӳӣԻ谵ңҶڰС
Ŀ磬ҶͷڣѾҵߣ԰ֽ˿Žʱһܹߣסϧ֮⡣
Ľʦ㣬һ֮
Ҷ˵ֱӿ粽齣ϥϣҲѥӻ᲻Ū˴齣Ƶģһ˽ȥ
ҶڽҪɽභ֮ʣҷˣĽҲֻܽˡ
Ľһϳһ壬ٿںˣΪһصһˣһһƣֱӵ˳µӿȪ⡣

ĽȻû뵽ԼҶϣ࣬ˮ齻ڣΪһ䲻֪ΣЧѾá
ǰû࣬Ψһ³ϼҶϲá
һ˼һʩչû飬γһµҶľߣž硣
о޸ʸоúĴϸأԡ
¼ŭ־죬û˸󵨣ΥԼĻƫƫΪԼá
ʼʱ޲һķΥԼ֪һƬģΪԼˡ
üʱ˿಻˵ʹ죬ڳһȴһš
֪Ľǽ
ιĽչ΢Цʦ㣬̫أü࣡
ȥҶߵ
Ľ齣˼Ц¼Ȩʦ֡
Ҷһ´һ㣬ý
Ľæĵͷǣ´ξˣ
ҶбһۣĽϿң͸żʧߵҪл㣬ɱɽͷ
Ľæֵûʦ֣ܵ
Ҷﵭľģˣ
Ľңʦȫ˰ɣ
ţˡҶﵭڰ֣ҲûȥϢˡ
˵ΪֶŮ̫ڣˣйŮһʵڲףȾ
Ľȭת뿪ӡ

ڶ峿ʱ֣Ľ˸磬˽ϼһһʽڻûѧȫ
ƿҶų
Ľ˼ۣʹ̫ˣһʽԡ
ĽϵĽһ飬Ҷһһָһ
ĽǳʵסˣһЩϣûָең֪ϲ֪ϵĲܴ
Ҷָ£׽ԽԽӦҲԽչ
ιĽսȭ΢Цʦ㡣
Ҷһûɫǽȥ
ͻȥĽü
Ҷߵô㲻ȥ
Ľҡͷʦ㣬ñȥ
šҶü
Ľʦǲñ֪ǳְɣ
Ҷ׵
ĽҡͷǾͲϷأһɡ
棿Ҷ
Ľɽһϻɽ˭֪ɱ
šҶͷ
Ľһȥñ˲²ȥ
ҶüĽǺЦʦȥȥ˭˹ܵ㣿
Ҷҡҡͷûٶ˵


25 Ϣ
ĽɽɱǣҲеΪβܱ֪
Ҷﵭ治֪
ĽЦʦָԽɡ
Ҷһۣһܲȴõƣɽףһɵӡ
ǺɵӣĽʡ
Ҷҡͷ֪
Ľüͷͷ
Ⲣϡ棬緱ǣ˵ֻôңڰ˭Ҳ֪ж١
ЩѧиеͣѲǹ׶㰵ѷ书˲֪书ĵһɳ졣
Щµĸ֣ףʦͽʦиһųΪ֣⼸񻰣ûĻѧᶥľѧܡ
ĽҡͷӺ¡Ӳ̸֮βС
ɽʤҶҡͷǲΪǲҲ
ĽǺαǣ
ҶǶڰһߣʤ
Ľüëʦ㣬ҿҪˣǧշĵŪȻǸ
ţˡҶס
ĽЦֱӻȥ
ȥɡҶͷҪչء
Ľ鵭ģĽ֪˴̼ȥԼɱɽ̫ףƴκβɽԼֻһ̫
Ľͷǣʦ˲Ҫˣ
ûд󰭡Ҷ
Ľܸܵ䵭ŭδٶ˵˷ѹ

ʱ֣ϦȾϼ塣
ĽµŲԼСԺת˼ȦµСԺűȥ
СɴһԺĻæŲֱȻЦү
ʻ䣬ٻһ䣬ʻӳ
Ա߳һ°ˮܽأΧȹϻøС룬Цʦܣ
Ľʦʲôأ
ʦ㲻ϲôҪ
ĽЦеĵʦҲǵģʦ
ϽȥɡڰմŰ֣һŤ˳СɡЦүүܸء
ĽЦʦΪθˣ
Сɵˣ˵үûء
Ľҡҡͷ˽ʦΪˣСɵҾͲ֪үԼʰɣȥ衣
Сһ̶ܽĽҡҡͷЦݣһϮڴ̫ʦУǰǱīֽ뼸飬ִһ龲ۿ
飬Ťͷ֣Ľǰȭʦɫ
ϹͷʵúܡָָԱӣĽ£΢Ц
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ΣϷʵڲģˣֻܿԼ컯ÿ飡
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µţع˵츳ѣ㹻˵ҪȥʽţվȽŸˡ
Ľüͷһ
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Ľӹ裬Ц֪
ҴġСɵĵڸʦǹϵܺãϢͨúܣ
ĽһЦʲôϢ
СɵүҪСţʦء
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СЦü䣺ס˹ʦƣ棬Ҫɷɷء
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Сɵɽɱɽء
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СͷЦ㲻˵Ҳ֪ɽһˣ
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Сɶţү⣬ʦɰʦִһ£
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Ľͷãˡ
¿С߶߶ûûˣڰִˣСɣæİɡ
СɲĵĿĽԸĴӦһ̳ȥˡ
Ŀ뿪ЦСѾͷԿ
Ľʦﶼǽ￴ƽȴǱӿеŮԣҲ⡣
֮١ףٳͬٳһźЦصɫǡǡ෴ҪӦ
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¶񱭣޼ɣ׼ѧһ꣬Ȼμԡ
ĽҲ񱭣Цһʦš


26 Ϫ
ʦܻҪء
ҡͷع˵ˣ޼ڰͳɡ
ֻҪɻĽˮ
Сɵɴ۾үô˵ѵү书ˣۣ
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ĽЦǣǰһӱչǲϼ򣬿ʦĽ̵Ҵ鷨⳯ϼ
³ǳϼصĳϼ
Ľͷ
·°񱭣ͷϷҲС˵⳯ϼ˵⳯ϼΪ鴫
ĽЦܲҲǽңǶˣ鷨֣Ҳ͸
ֲأָƽ
Сȴǡǡ෴еүĲ͸˳ϼ
Ľεͷġ
С͵һİƣüЦѽү
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Сȴüͷüһš
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СɵүҪѳϼʦ֣ǲǣ
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үǲ֪ʦǵСɲΪȻҡͷ
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ĽһŮס죬Ťͷʦܣأ߰ɡ
Ľͷߵͦ

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Ľǰ
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Ľٶʣ֪Ҳǰ״˵һ仰˵һ䣬˵һ־˵һ֡
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塣Ҷ˵һ䣬ʩչṦӹңɽƮȥĽɫȻ
ѹǰǵ֮ڵ͸أû֪Ҳû˹ȥ
Ľ˼⣬ѲΪԼ˳ϼԱȥ壿
ϼ߼֣ڰɽۣ
ӰɽʼһСݴµķֲе֣еɽеλɽڣеݡ
Ҷһ·ϽŴһԲĽ֪ʦ㣬лˡ
ءҶﵭ
Ľʦ¶飬ʦܸˡ
ԼŬûϵҶ
ĽЦЦٶ˵
κҶﵭʦǲģΪ֮
ĽЦ˼ǲˣҪԼӦ
̾ˣʦ㲻ְɣ
ҶŤͷһۣĶʦº֣
ĽҡͷҲģʦǺġ
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СһƬ֣дУ֣һƬտɲɽȣСľɽ±߲Զ
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Ľæȭ񣺡޼ɼʦ
ڰ֣Ц޼ɲض˵ɡ
ĽᵽҶϣ΢Ц֪ǰһޱϪ
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ĽͷޱϪһЩ£ϵ£ػǻ˲øС
ޱϪ˼䣬Ц޼ϼνܴʦ֣ؿǰ;ʲôҪģ
Ľһ£ʦɽߣ۾顣
ţҲáޱϪף΢Ц˵ˣǹˣϸྭһЩȷʵкôͶһ°ɡ
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ĽЦʦ³çеʦ㡣
С¡ޱϪЦɵúúպɽҪء
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ǣʦĽЦŵͷ
ޱϪڰ裺ȥæɡ
ĽҶǣһɽһ·Ҷ촽һԲĽ
ĽҲûȥ˵ڶ˵棬Ҫʱ嵭ŭڶ죬ŭ
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Ľװģҽңʵˡ
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ߣ޽̳һ漴ʡ򣬻ָЦʦܣ˵ϼޱȣ죬һǧʦеӵһˡ
Ľæ֣ʦ㣬⻰ʹãһէŵӣûž˵һˣ
⻰ǹ˵ġ޽Цĵ
Ľ¶Цһˣǽǵֳء
뵽ԷſˣЦʦ㣬żɽɣʦ²ʲô£
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תԺţŽԺվСͤǰЦʦ㣬ͽ̣
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ĽͷƷףۣһžͲˣƷɣʦ㣬롪
ĽѾС֪λʦüȻС˵һԲᷢ
ṳ̈ǰһƮµĽ֣޳ģһ㣬һ̤ȻĶһֹ͸ԸС
Ľ̾һĿбӣһƣ
˫ۣ޳޵üëȴԸУȻĶ
Ҷͬ䣬ȴȻͬҶȪˮľԶ֮ȴһŻ
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ĽǾˣ
ƮƮĳһƣü񾲾ţǰָĽἲƮݡ
ĽΪȭ˴ָָΪӭϡ

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Ľֻƴһоһֱ֬֬֡
ཻײһȥƽɫ޽Ůü¶顣
üüĽ
һֱֱĹĽӭϣ顱ٴཻĽĴоͬʱһ͵ײˡ
Ľһ󣬻վüҲûˣһһ
ʦ㡣һ
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˸üĽƺʦܣȽɣ
ƽԺİɢӺȴδɢȥ绨

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üһ£ҡҡͷ㣬ƷҲ磬պɽֽ̡
ĽȭЦãɳϼһʽʦֽ̡
šüףתߡ
ʦ㡣˳ȥ޽ĴĽ·ڴһ
һ׼úýѵһĽŪ첲ҲҪɴһӣеӵ档
ΪϼԵʣЩе̧ͷ֮ƣǰһѹؼĽ
һжĽ˳ϼҪеǣԴͷҪѹеǣȻҪԴͷ֡
û뵽ȻߵһĽµֵʮ꣬ü
Ľ΢Цʦ㣬ʦ㣬кָ̣
ʦܺ޽Цӯӯĵţܲأ
ĽЦʦԵɺɳϼˣʦµĿ๦ʵڲ
޽Цһͣ漴ָ΢ЦƷٺãҲвסǾ͵ſʦܵĽඡ
Ľ⻰Ƿ̣˵Լʵǲ޽Ķ֮⣬ҧ޲ƿڴȴǿסˡ
ĽЦлʦģ˽һʦ̡
ѽҾ͵ſඣԸ̫ѽ޽Ȼ΢Ц
ĽҲ΢Цһ̫á
ߣʦã߰ɣ޽ţŤߡ
ҡͷһСӣŰɣ
ĽЦűȭ벻⣬¶һ˿֮⡣
ҧݺݵһۣŤߣ뿪СԺ
ĽվСԺ룬Ŀ뿪ɿ

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ʦܣһʦܣʹǹ򣬴Цɸ˳
ĽսʣЦʦ֣ʦ֣ô£
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ֱһСԺ
ʮֱɽȥּӽеӣͽܸϼɽİ˸еӡ

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ǲӶʱһЩɣĽɻĿǡ
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Ľʦ֣ô£
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ɣȴûͣŮҲûͣܿϣǸЦеţеȴǿЦĽԡ
Ӵʦ֣ʦ֣ѽͷһСŮЦСû뵽ϼλʦء
̡ʦãɡͱȭЦ
СŮ£ЦеĴһĽλǴʦ˰ɣ
͵ʦãλʦܡ
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Ťͷʦǣ뼸λʦô
ðŮ׷׵ͷ
СŮŤͷͣʦ֣ʦ֣ͱɣ
ƴһ£˰ɡ
ҪҪġСŮֵʦָǿʲôǲƲǣԲѽ
ʦĻεĵǺðɣȥӭ¥
ҧгݵ˵䣬еǶȻɫ䡣


27 ׷
Ľһֱ֣书ǿɵӴǴη壬ʹ޽鷳ҲЦǺǵġ
λʦȴɫ䣬ںδ书Сӭ¥ĽԵɡ
ƴһ𣬳ΪһȦȻϴ룬ϼ̳ƣСŮʼơ
Ȼ΢Цۣһʦ֣һʦ֣ʹĽҲСʦܽеȣڻġ
΢Цｻ£˵ֵסȰƣûһʮ̳Ҿƾֻʮ̳
ĽȰʮ룬ֱǺʮ룬ŮȰƣЦ˿жԣڡ
ĽЦʦ㺣ֱǶ⣬ʦȴ治ɫʮˮ
ʮˮȥҲܲסЩСһԱȣ˵װôƣȴ治ɫЦٻ⡣
ǰѾ˵ˣ׼ƾƣ̫û˼ƾ汾¿ƣȡɡ
ʮ̳ȥһ˿⣬ٵֿʦһȰǾͺȣ߲Ȱ
ת۹ʮ̳ȥһ⣬ϣΨ˶糣Ľʦ㡣
ĽѾ֪г̷ѩ귽ʮˣԵãȴк֮磬Ⱦƣʤӡ
̷ѩһȥһ룬ĽȻЦʦܣþѽ
糺죬Σ岨ӯӯ
ĽҲһ룬Цʦ㣬ҿˡ
ߣ˵⻰һû¶̷ѩһ֣̳ԼĽٵľơ
Ľʦþ˲ò࣡
ǲǾСҲС̷ѩѴ˵ߣбߵ
Ľͷ̹ϵȷʵˡ
̷ѩһͷʦܣô˳ϼģҲԹãȻ
ĽЦʦûϼȷʵҲͷģ˳ϼͲ
̷ѩڰС֣ϼҲȲӳ¹ʦʦǱ뷭
ĽЦͷ
̷ѩЦϣʦǲٰ;ˡ
Ľͷ֪ǰѹеܲסɽȥˣɽӣвʲףֱһпϧѡ

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̷ѩоŤͷƳһۣ㲻ˡ
ĸǰ̽ͷͷΧһ˵Ľ̷ѩȴ˵
ԭ¥ֻǣûĿˣʱˣ˵Ͳ̫㣬ѹأ֪
Ľ۾һǣʦ㣬ǳԱ㣬ɽɡ
ãɽ̷ѩЦŵͷһٺȵʹ죬´ǲˣȣ
ĽЦãһ㣡
˱ҪǣĸһԲʵλѹĵӰɣ
̷ѩվŤͷǣ´һۺм־Цѹӣ
õúܣԲһЦڰ֡
ϡıʣ̷ѩĽ硣
Ľüνʣ̷ѩһ£̷ѩϾм⣬ӷӦˣϡ
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Ľӽ̣ʦ㣬Ӧǣ㻽ʦʦ㣡
̷ѩʹӦһߵĻŮʦãѣ
ŮһŤӣ̷֣ѩæеʦãгţϽ
ʦáڡһֱʵ˫侫âӻһ¹磬˫ۻָ
ǣŤͷɴ۾ĳ̷ѩ
̷ѩĽˣǰһĻסˣĽ磬籩㹥ˣѹ˲ˡ
ǰһĻĽȻͬԶ

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˵ӽԽһˣֻĺ⣬
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֪²Ϊѹĵ̣ܶԭΪ˾ƣƵ֮ʼˣɱֵǱڿСѹһƽĵӾĽ
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Ľɣղһ̫ͣҪսĸͲͬƮݴݣŮӯ½ǡ
飡Բ͵ײϴը
ĽٿһԾȣ˲׷Ͽ꣬һţٿһˣһ󣬺һ
磡磡󺰣ǿĽȣ⣬˱ģ˻¡
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Ľ١һϺȣȰ£ʱ걳нأ˫ŭĽ
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ĽҡͷϢŵùˣˡ
յνһһĸؿڣһǱɣ䣬赭д
Ľ̾ʦҲǸɱ˲գ۵ġ

ĸ궼ĽϥذϵϢϥϵĳϼѪմλΣɭɭ
̷ѩս˻ѣһתȥ⣬ָѣ漴ǰһĻĽľʬԣὣϥϣϢ
侲ţȴ͸ɭɭǲɴ˸ǰСʦܺȻһ˰㣬η
æʣʦãô£
ߣʦ֣㻹˼ʣ̷ѩƴȴ˯
ĨһЦˣĸһʲôˣ
˭֪ʲôˣ̷ѩûĵ񾭣һѹľ
ǳˡ͵ѹ˲٣ʦû
ûʲô̷ͣѩһָĽĸʦɱģû뵽ʦܽô
ʦܻѧء͵
̷ѩǳϼأʦ֣ʦܣʹ
ĽղһֱԺطţǰһ뵽ˣ׷罣ʽȷʵǳϼ
ƽ׷罣ʽԭ
Ϥϼƽʱед裬Ƕóϼ֪֪ˣսҲԳϼ¹һ๦о
ƷȭֲͬȱϼҲǿѷǽ
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ĽۣЦһ£սʣһֱĽĽƣȻʦܣǳϼɣ
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˶ЩԺ֪ô£̷ѩŴ뿪˴ߣҵطˣ󻼡

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⳯ϼȷʵ볯ϼϣס
׽ȱȱ̫˵һʽһ˵̫ѣ͸⡣
һʽÿһʽǿǰܹǡʩչ򷢻Ӳ
Ľɱĸһʽ׷ʽ볯ϼϺס
һʽԴΪǳΪԽԽǿΪǳûȡ֮
ÿһʽؼǡʱʩչʩչԲ
ҲֲǣĽΪаټҽʶ˸书ѧԶһ˿ɱȡ
ҶÿһûᣬûĽҲûʡ
ĽδԹһֱнģϻһ䲻˵ֻ˵ĽҲ֪Ȥ໰ר
ʱ֣Ҷڽһʽ꣬ʣۣҡҡͷ
ĽЦʦ㣬ôˣ
Ҷһʽѧˣˣѧʮʽ
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ҶҡͷһʽǻʮʽԶоʽǿ
Ľһ£Ҷ£˵գ
Ľʦ㣬Ҿһʽ̫ˡ
ˣҶﵭʦ˵㽣׿
ĽҡҡͷϹɵİˣˣ
Ҷ￴һۣȴˣҪȥ¹ȣһɡ


28 ͼı
Ľ¹ȣǸΧ˹ɽ¹ȣ
šҶס
Ľ¹ʲô飿
Ҷҡҡͷ֪ɽϡ
Ľüͷܰɣ
ҶС˱ˡ
Ľű뵱Σû¶ʲôۼֻ˳Ҵߡ
ܱ֣¹߯ˣ˼飬ߣѹжĿ
ɫ΢䣬̧ͷҶ
Ҷ¹ȴɽ鱨ɽǲµ֡
ĽɿЦһΪǹڼء
Ҷü룡
ĽҪлǣ
ҶͷĽЦǸŵлǹȥ
ҶԭҼֹȥ
ĽЦʦעɣ
Ҷͷ
ĽЦ֪ˣôܣ
ǵӺٳȥֻҪע⣬йܡҶ
ĽЦԭˣʱ
֮󡣡Ҷ
ĽͷֻҸʦһ𣿡
Ҷʦá
Ľüͷһ£ʦ㡭ȥ˻ᶯ֣
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ĽЦʦɣ
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Ľͷˣлʦ㡣
һģԼǰ֮·˵ʦ׵ģԼĿµһݺ޼ɣȻȡħȥŮžۡ
뵽ǣȻһɳ嶯޲飬ƴֱΪµһ
ǿᣬƹˣⴿǴӲסϼȴδľѧ
ΪµһֻͷɣҪд裬೤ʶһεǺûᣬмҶ
Ľʦ㣬ʣµĽɣϼʮʽʽҶ뿴
̫ˡҶ
ĽҡͷϼһʽʮʽʽӦһɣһѧ˸ڲ򡣡
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ĽЦԡ
ҶΣͷˣ㣡
ĽļҲȲϼҲãһĿˡ

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ϼһʽʮʽʽȷʵͨһУĽⱾһ׽
ԭΪʮʽʽһʽŨȫ֪֮Լ´ˡ
ʮʽʽһʽŨһʽϸһûһʽʮʽʽѧҲûãźܼ򵥵ʽӣȴʩչŤ
ЩƳڳ䲻⴦ͻȻһ綾߳糯ƿһԾǧ
㶯ȴһʩչģż򵥣ʩչȴѣ֮һġ
ҡҡͷ׳ϼʺϣ̫ѣһʽһܳ͸ģ϶ʮ꣬ʮܹ꣬ȫͲˡ
峿ʱ֣һ齣һϮ˳ϼһֺձһ룬֣ϼΡΡڰС
ϼʱҶüڣһϮʻҡҷҶȪüޱˡ
Ľһ̤һƣȪЦʦ㣬ʦ㡣
Ҷߣ߰ɡ
üƳһĽףǴк
ޣȴǲʣǰΪеӣĽ书Ȼۡ
Ҷüɴϵϣɴסӣ֣ˣĽˣ˲֪òĺҲδ˼ħħòҲټ
Ʈϼɽֱϣһ·ȥƮƮܻ֮ˣ¾ס
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ЪһɡҶ￪˵
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ߣĽ϶ʱһʩйȻЧ
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ĸ֣һҧҲҪ
ŪЩĽȥ˼ֻӣ֮ŵϿܿƮɢ
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СӣȻüҡͷҶ̾ǳϼ
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ϺĽĴУһҹһգ۹ȥڶ峿ǽŸ·һֱɽߡ
˰ʱ֣ǵһɽǰͣ£ƬɽλڰɽɽƺΰΡΡʣϼɽࡣ
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ĽڰɽߣӱƵϱߣһƬ﷢ɽڡ
һ֣Ʈһһıȭһ
ҶﵭѹҶ
Ľһ̫꣬ѨСң˫۾â˸ʵʡ
ΪʵѵãĽԵͷҸͽΪʦʦǲࡣ
ԭعԺ򡣡߸걧ȭЦתߣͣԭûһ
Ľüһüüɴϵü¶ɫ
Ҷȴ鵭Ȼվԭء
ĽһЪһЪɡ
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Ľû¶ǵʱֻװ֪ûһˣɨѹ档
ֻȼ£ºһڷʱ
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ǺǡһЦ漴ʮ˴ҴҴɽȳͷһǸƮƮ꣬ĿǣѽԿݲס
ʮŮòףʾѣӢ㣬һ
Ҷ鵭ģȭһ񣺡½
Ľһ꣬¹ȵĹ½ˣ⣬ų½ųһ
½ɱȭǺЦعݹ٣ʧԶӭˡˡ룡
Ҷףû˵ٲߣ½һЦޱȣŮ֣ʱɨĽüʮ㡣
Ľü˵Ҷ˽ɽȣСߣԽԽյһƬɽȣɽȵĽرɽϱɽһƬҩģɢŶص
ߣһдšµ֣Ȼȥ˲衣
½ʮŮĽǶ棬ֵĴǣ͸Ų
½ɸ׺ǺЦع̫ˣ±ӦǰлģҪͷعһˡ
Ҷ²յóɢɢģ˳½ؿ
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½̾˿ɽɽڵĵӡ
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¹ѹŴɣɽһȣС׼ףѹһٶˣɽڵӽ򣬶ǧ
¹ѹһҲԶɽڵĶ֡

½ҡͷ̾û뵽ɽɽڵӡ
Ҷüɽڹɭϣӣ
½ɵ˵ͽ⡣
Ҷüͽ书
ɽǿޱȣķҲ⴫ģһȻҪ书
½ɵʲôͣû书ϧͷ棬Ϊɽơ
ҶüͷţһֱûɿܹңôãΪɽڰ֧֡
ɽڲôɡ½ҡͷҹɽѧɽǵ洫ġ
Ҷȷʵ鷳ȫɽôˣ׷ãһ׷
һɣʹͽҲݲñ۸ɱˣǻ룬ʹԼûɱݵ˱ɱ
½̾عڿǸ鷳ñ˲֪ɽˡ
Ľü½ɣ⻰˼е֣ѲҪвѹɣ
Ǻǣû⼸ͽܡ½Ц֣㣬պοգĪǿɲİɡ
һһָǰͷˣҶﱧȭ
Ҷףɨһˣû˼˵ɽºһɽȻѹ
عĪŹһ޳ģòʵİ걧ȭ΢Ц
ҶһۣĪҲǾŴ
Ī΢ЦСһˣǹȴһ֮ǽü
Ҷ΢΢Цһ£ٶ˵
Ī࣬ݲһһ֮ȴһƽĵӣȻţϾǵӣᲢۡ

ĽüüĪѹ׹
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½һֱ΢ЦˣʱֺǺЦһعĽúܣԸˡ
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ʵ֪½ԶˣĵΧˣձɽˣ֮زز
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ҶĪһۣףͣΪѵá
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üЦαعǫҿĪ򡣡


29 ѹ
仰Īɫ˫
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Ҷһ֣ɣ
ĽͷЦĪҪɣ
Ī˺첼Ѫ˿˫Ľˣʱ˹ƴ
½һһĽâ˫뿴͸ĽĽЦֱ
½ȥоâ
Īʱ̫ѨҪһ˫۾Ѫ죬Ľ
ûܵôңҶǰǰְ룬ֻƿЦ죬ЦԼ

½һϺȾһҧҧԼ˵ܱ壬ԼĪµһ֣ܱһСС޼ɻ壡
̧ͷѾָƽȭʦҼˣʰ·磡
ţ׾ͺã½ɿ㣬֪ţǼ⣬ʤ˱ҳ£һܶǺ£֪ˣܽҪŬ
ǣʦĪصͷ
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½ɿҶЦѹ鴫λǸŲõĵӣ
Ҷﵭ½ҴӲ˵ٻ
½æǺЦعᣬҾǻɹĻֻǾţ㽣ѲǴͶʦ
Ҷ츳󼸷֣Ҳûʲô档
۽磡½ɴĽЦϹ｣
ĽЦȻʦ㽣ʤһ
½ɺǺЦѹ鴫ȲȲ裡
Ҷ½βɽʦţ
½ɶյЦҲż̽ãûȥɽʣ˵󡣡
Ҷüɽڵ˲ã
½ЦãǺǣɽãع¹ȷ羰ع죬ݱһ֮ꡣ
Ҷҡҡͷˣ´ΰɣʵ棬һȥú롣
½ɵ⼸ɣ
Ҷﵭ˵ɽѾɽˣպɣ½ǣ
½ɵȳԹЪһ߲٣
Ҷҡͷˣ½Զͣʦã޼ɣ߰ɣ
ǣһֱûϢȥʦǸõȼˣĽȭ΢ЦĪպ˽ѹңڣ
һģĪͷ

һ¹ȣȫʩչṦУƮ֣Ȼڽããɽ
ǰӶĽʦ㣬¹ȵӲСҰҲС᲻
ᡣҶҡͷ
üҲܲ
˶Ǳѩû˵ڣĽǵ¹Ȳϰݣ߳ŭԶ˵һ代һǡ
üЦʦܣûƳ飡
Ľһ伫ȥ¹ȵķǷ֮ġ
Ľ˵
Ҷ鵭ģһ仰˵ֻͷ·
üʦʤĪģˣ
Ľҡҡͷҵӣһ
üƳһҶЦΪ⣿
Ľüҡͷû⻰һµʦ㣬¹ȻǺƣôŹǣ
ҶתɨɽڵĻ֮Σ
Ľʦ㣬ҿŪ˵һɽء
Ҷ̾ҡҡͷ¹ȲǵӴ׼ˣԱֻܸ¹֡
Ľǵ֣Ѳ¹Ȳɽڣ
¹֣һս֮ҶɽҲжͷΪǶʧ̫ǻй˼ɡ
Ľ׵úܡ
üףҿǳԶǣҪ޹ȥŰأ
ĽЦЦ¶֮⡣
üæʦܣϽ˵
Ҷһ˲˲
ĽЦˮˣǸ֡
αƣüæʡ
ĽɢϢ˵ɽ¹ϡ
Ҷüɽһ¾ܲ
ĽЦ˵¹Χɽһɱͷ
ҶüǱѩϣһЦˡ

ڰ·ʱҶѾϢ
Ľɽ֮ϱչأ书ɽڵĻΣˣɽڸƣķѹܱȡ
ϼٹϣĽ֮£н󣬵㣬Ľ㣬ѨΪ
ڶ峿һѽ뻯ﵽһ֮磬нһȥ
Ȼ洫üʦܣ
Ľʦ㣬
üһϮŽָޣʦܣ߰ɡ
Ľսʣȭ̽Ϣˣ
šüͷɫ̫
Ľüˮڣûʲô˵ģһѡ
üܿ쵽˳ϼֻҶﾲУһ
Ľü档
üɽڵĵӣ
Ҷ̧ͷˣͷɽͽѾųϢ˵¹Χɽ
ĽҲ壬¹Ǳһʦ㣬ȥһɽڰɡ
ȥҶü
Ľͷȥɽ˵һʵô졣
ҶҡͷûȤɽԵװݣȥţǾ㡣
Ľ֪߲֣ǲ֪ɽɽڵģ֪ˣȥ˵תء
̫߿ɽˡҶҡͷ
ü̾ʦܣɽڲΪˣûôףʦ㲻ȥ
ĽЦЦɽ治ģҪǶ֡
ȥɡҶȻ
Ľʹãʦ㣬ҿȶһɣ
һʱܶһҶҡͷ
Ľ˳ϼʵһ뷨֪Բԡ
˵Ҷ
Ľϼӳ¹˵ԭһķŲˣ֪Բԡ
Ҷҡͷüϼǰãӳ¹ѹഫʦŪˡ


30 
Ľ˭Ҳֻ֪ôоϼӳ¹һ塣
üʦܣ㻹룡
ŤͷҶҶһ˸ͣ˼С
üֿһĽ֪˹Ѳģϼӳ¹һ壿
ҡҡͷĽ쿪
һյʱȥҶָͷпܡ
ĽԿɣǼһԾ֪
ҶҡҡͷʹģҲѰա
ӳ¹볯ϼһһˮһͻ±߻ħˣ
ĽЦЦʦ㣬νòҰѳϼͷˣӳ¹˵ܳɡ
ǶġüҶЦ֮һ˸֪
ҶüҡͷϼԵúܣݲӳ¹һϻᱻɡ
ĽƲ⣬ʵδˣԿ
ðɣԡҶףһͣ£ʱָأǧҪðա
Ľͷϼ죬ɵĻֱȥɽڣ
˵ɡҶҡͷ
üʦ㣬Ұʦܻɡ
Ҷͷ˳˳ϼĽСԺ
ĽҲһ˲խ˶һԵӵŮɢ㣬ڿտĴ涼ޣխСʱ
Ľŵ㣬˼
ϥϣҶ˫ƵģȻӳ¹ķ
üһŸ߱ӣºˣϥϣʱܹ̳ȥ
Ľķһ£˼ϣҶ渵Ľͷۿʼ

ʱ䲻֪ţ峿磬ٵ˰ϦڴֽϣӳСݡ
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Ľһһ죬һ£ԼʱĪιȥˣʲô⣬סˡ
һһҵڼȥһֱĻ̫˵ȥôģ
Զüëţɻ󲻽Ľ֪Լ²²׼һֱתܸо
ϵϢ仯һֱڱ䣬һӿĴ߽һӵºͶۣôˡ
Ľһһ׼䵽ͷıϣγһݣ类ȭͷҹ
Ҷջƣۡ
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Ľ΢ЦϢʦ㣬Σ
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Ҷ˾Ųʮ
Σü
Ľ΢ЦƣЦʦ㣬԰ɡ
üվֵĽƣ΢һþ顱һĴ˻˺һ
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˴羢ƾһ£ӳ¹֪߳ĽΪ񣬲顣
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Ҷҡҡͷƾסɽڡ
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ҶüҡҡͷûС
Ľҿ壬ϼӳ¹°빦
ϼķֲӣûǰѧЩӵĲΣֻһķ·ߣһֱȥһֱ
ͨһĺмһݵ·Ѻϼôһӡ
չ߸ıˮʣΪϼӳ¹ϣ˷ӡ
ҶҡͷֹһλǰԹϧ̫շˣҲŪķˣɴ츳õĵ鷳

Ľһ£ʦ㣬ϼ죬ϧܸı侭磬츳ɾͣҲ츳ƣӳ¹Ҳˣܸı侭硣
šҶü
Ľǿ֮ЧѰһרķͳɡ
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ĽЦһĶãʦİɡ
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ĽǺЦʦҲһĶá
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Ľʦ˫ˣʦǲˣǰӳ¹ϼɣڳϼܿ죬
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Ľʦ㣬ʵһ·ӡ
˵Ҷ
ĽŮӺޣһ
Ҷüκ˵Ҫͨѡ
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һüֻȪӿأ壬Ȼӳ¹ķתůƽʱӳ¹Ȼͬ


31 
üһԶüëеŹ֣һ֮󣬻䵤Ȼʼɵ
ӳ¹񣬵ȴѩϷˮ޵ֿ֮
ӳ¹ĹɣΪ˵ʧ䣬̾Ϣ
ԭԼ˲һʦܵĻԼûеֿ̫ˡ
ͷһţܿ챻ӳ¹ķתһһ죬ԣ磬Լƽʱĳٻ
ʼǺ棬תʮ󣬱˳ԾԼʮ죬ƣҪʱ
תţ˹ʱĳͣһûΪѵ˼ʮ첻һӶѡ
˼һԼƶǲǰһͷһʱоĪѹͷѹ¶
漴оԼˣĽٹܣƶһ죬ʧǰ죬Ȼܴƶѡ
ҧƶ˰죬漴ͷһᣬжȥǧصٴαĽӹܣ˳תٶȴǰ
ʮ죬ʮ죬ʮ죬ʮ죬һۣ֮ԭΪʮ֮ͼֲסˣʮûоʹ֮С
һֱʮ죬ǹģӲʯˣĽŰݣ˳ٴӹܡ
üоŵںƵʮȻһ룬ֵ֮ţ̫ȡ
ĽĽɫ԰ףͷڣһŰ״þòɢ
һæҶҶҡҡͷҪġ
ҶɿԼƶʮ۵òУһƶʮ죬ᣬ˵š
ֲΪ֮츳ãͣκһ˶ܲˡ
һƶʮ죬ÿƶʮ죬һƶʮ죬ǽȻͬؼһޡ
ÿʮ죬һСһƶʮ죬ͻ˼ޣǰһ󲽣֮

ĽͷɢȥΪ˿˿ƵỊ̇С߰Ժڷ
ɫԾɲ԰ףۣâ䣬
Ů΢۾ϸɫ԰һЩ񲻼˥ָ˱㡣
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ҶüĽæʦİɣһŵģ

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ٶȿ죬Ҳûô
ĽСŲƣŲƣλӰṦо棬ṦԽԽ죬ĵԽԽ٣˺УԣõṦ
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Ľǲˣ
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͸΢Цҡͷô죬һ۲һɣ˺ֺá
ɿֱˣ
ĽǺЦֵ̫ˣֶȫģʵǷİգ
һܺõģ
ҡͷЦЦûж˵ֶ۵úܣͬé®ۺԶֶ죬֪²Ϊǹֵġ
ûжȰҲãĳ죬һ۵书ˣ֪һˡ

Сϣде֣ܿһ棬ϼһȺˣԼٶ
һӥɽƺʱһ͸
ϸһɲɣУһ֪˺ܶķ꣬ǰһƬյأ˺ϱҶŨܣ΢΢ζ
ۿţʿִվڹԣǶվڵǰ棬ûиҴȥġ
Ľ˹ʱٶеתͷƣеĲᣬŵǰʿơ
ĽЩˣÿһǸ֣˫۾â̫Ѩеİݣеͻ𣬸״ͬѰ
ǰһߴ˹ȭЦǰҲ֣
ǺǣСΣҲˡЦűȭԷۺȺκƺǰ
Ľ뷶Ⱨȭ񣬺κưڰ֣ûôˣתͷЦǰôЩģôˣ
ЦСһ֡
ԭˡκƵͷЦ˶ϲһҲãܿ۽硣
ǡЦ۽磬һǵİôȥ
κƿЦǲȥǽȥ
šʿλСǸְɣ
ǳκƿЦǶԹûܴǵģֻܹԹ档
һϣʡ
κҡͷһһԴҲûһϣֻܵʿߣίʵ
ͷѹִﶼš
ǰĻһܳɹκƺǺЦǰְɣһȺ˱Сʿˣˣ
Ͱ֣һˣϸ첲ȣϲԽΪܣһ͵ܸ˶֣
ǰκεĵǰα̫ǫ
ҡͷЦСΣ治ɣɱָͷӣ

κȰ䣬ͼľܾκεķˣת뿪ˣм㬡
Ϊβ֣ѵѽ
ҡͷĽĽЦ̫ͷɲãǰֵĻǾмһǰѿǲǣ
ͻͷۺ㿴׼ģ;ܳͷͷԽԽ죡
ɽأⲻĵ
ûĵɽɵ֧ţǲ棬ûôı£
ıѽ
ҡͷ²ʲôǼʶǳ˶־֪ˡ
ⲻ̫ţǫ顣
ĽЦڴܵĸ֣ǿᣬֱ׼صλ֣ʤһ
͵ΪȷʵףĽƣԼ̫࣬徭幦뵤ڳˣгϼ湦ڵ֮Զʤһˡ
͵ΪҶܴ࣬򲻹ҶȴҲѵõĸ֣оҲΪ֡
ߣһݵߺһſڣһѳСʿ·ɣԼ
ߵ޳ʿһһǰ룡
ߺúãҾͲˣ
˵ճһչΪһ£ֺֿݣʿһ˦ӳ˽һʱסˡ
߲ĵһʣҪʶϷʿȴһʱַ˳ȥ䵽⣬ॡ졣
ɫǺ죬ҧҧתߣҲҪˣܿʧǰȻ뿪˵ۡ
ҡҡͷղԻǶĸ֡
ɴ۾ķ
ĽͷСʿѵã
͵ͷᣬȴⳡе˶ֲ˺ãԶ
ε̾ǣҲ

û˶̫бϦȾ˵ۣҲȾǡ
Щ£ٹһҲȥҲ뿴ٵȥˡ
ĽǰҪˡ
Цֲָˣ¿˶࣬ǳһ۵ĸЩ˼һҲûá
ĽֻôЩˣ
˵˵˲٣ôٵˣֽȻͬ
ҡͷЩ书ŵĴ˵಻ʤﶼľˣˡ
ĽͷҲѹ֣һţһţһţֶǼٵģôȥ˭Ҳˡ
˵ǰ뿪İСߺȻ֣һḬ̃Ʈ⣬Ի
йڣ٩϶ôֺ˼
ǺЦߴһϢɽڵĵ
ɽڵӣ˲ŵĵɣɽڵĵ
ٺ٣ɽڵһϵõģĵҿǳˣһģ
ɽڵӣʡ
ָ


32 ǿ
˵껰ȺһĿ׷ͶһĽҲȥСһһŮǶƮƮ˵Ŀ⣬̸Цˡ
˷ˣһֱסĿ⣬԰Ρ
Ľˣʮ˾꣬׳籪Ӣһ˫۾һ֮
Ů£ĹĵĴ۲⵴Ȼ΢Цס
һ𣬿Ůһһᣬ䡣
ӷ·ûˣ۸ǰȭɽǰݼ
ƺݹ壬֮Զÿһ·
ɽڣǰֵʿĿһһˣĵλԺͨ
һʿĴˣĶ˵ĻŮԾ԰γĿ⡣
¿һֻߡ¡һըףĲǻӡ
ĽüʿǺҡ²ˤǺ˾ƣջվˣָϵĺҲɢȥ
Ľҡҡͷһ¾õʿˣɽڵĵӹȻ鴫ˣ
Ϳˣȴף棬ô£
ָ꣡ڴǰʾ˵
ҡͷĽЦЦֵܣλ˼Ҳ˳ۣ
һ¾ˣ
Ľͷɽڵ鴫ţ
ǵ˵ΧĽĻ˶С
ǲ˿ɫõķֿͣĽĽ΢ƺɮ붨һĪ
ͺ޲÷ס죬ʧ֪ʱ߲ãֻӲͷƤվסһ·⣺죡
ɨһĽ̾ϢΪǸʡĵģƽʱ˹ؼʱ򴳴޲ðĽĻ׽סˡ

˵͸ֻ˸ɽˣ뿴ʲô³
ŤͷĿ
Ůᳶһӣͻʦ֣
ʵʰĿĽתתջȥתͷһߡ
Ľߡ¡һ죬һ״
̾ȷʵףһȴ
һ߿赭дףһطʻˣΪ
ĽףŹͽԲһưͷӵ
ס֣βֹסһЩıӰ
ŤͷĽ֣Ҫɣ
ղûİæһԼҪˣĵĿĽĽûˡ
ҲҪĽЦֳ巶ǸȻЦЦ
ҡҡͷɽڲǣۺ嶯
ĽЦ׵ġ
͵һɽڣԼҪʦѣ
ĽüᲨѣ
̾ġ
Ľ¶ŭɫЦһһŤͷһۣȻЦ
ʦ֣æһ
ҡҡͷʦã̫񣬵ԣ
ʦ֣ҪЩƵ
ҲҪɽڲҾӲʦ÷ģҲɱ
αظһʶءȰ
ҡͷҪĽÿɽڵԼʹˡ
תһָĽ
Ľ⣬ûȥɽڣɽڵʵ֪֪˰սçײĽɽڡ

û뵽˹ʶһ书ţܹһò
û뵽ɽڣ˵ɽѧ£ɽڵӶЩмһ˲ǡ
һˣһЩŶ⣬б书ţɽ֮ʯԹ񣬶һЩ书Ųο书
ǡৡһ°ĿͶ͸˷ɫ
ɽڴ԰ԵǲǣҲɽڵӵлˣܲ˷ܣѲƶ
ɫ䣬ȴҶ˵˫ŭɣƴͻɽŵò˵
ĽЦЦȭкιɣ
ɽпǲǣ
ĽͷǣǧĹأɽȴУʵڹˡ
ΪҪУЦɽԼĹأ˭Ҳܲš
ĽЦЦôĿ
Ц㲻
Ľͷ
۾ЦǺõúܣҴһʤңԲ˾ʵʵĳ죡
ĽףãǾһɽھѧ
ʱŲ𣬵Ȼ߳ʿͷһϵʿףƶ磬λкιɣ
һĽŤͷȭˣʦã˵һ
ִ԰ˣġʿҡͷЦ
Ľһʿ񳣬ϡͷϡĺ룬ݣ
ߵǼȻˣ֪ʵ´ۣóɡ
ûСʿҡҡͷλ˵ɡ
ǾͲȥˡڰ֣ͷĵȰʵʵóô˺Ƥ
̾Ѿ˳³ԭǴ߾ˣԵûзģǲǣ
ʦãαؽЩŽüһ
ƱȭǵҲѧѧ򣬻ȫ

ǸȻ΢Ц۲ӯӯƺ飬Ծܾ
ʿ룬̾˿ˣλ뿴ȥɣ˾ҲʲôѧԺ򡣡
תߣУܿƮݸһɫƵһлӹˡ
ִ³ֱӴ򿪰һɫķľϻ򿪺ľϻһƵľӣĽɨһۣʮҳ
ϻӵݸƣᣬ˷ֵݵǰʦƣǲģ
̽ͷһ£ֱͦܵ壬һ£ϻӵݸյǰӳ⿴˿ͷӦġ
Ťͷһʿߵ֪Ȥ
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ߵǲ˳·ˣģһźҳݣ
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Żľϻºϻӣư⻰һۡ
ʿ׺ǺЦЦɡ
壬ǰɽڵӲôļӣӾ͵סˣɽڵһ˵ֱӽţ޹ԣζ״Ƥȳǽ
Ʊȭһüֻܵˣպб𣬻Ҫ֡
Цﲻؿɽڴ׹һɽڷۣҲһ۵컯
ģһʦ񱨡Ȼ΢Ц
һָĽСӣ
ĽЦЦǼȻգǾͶһʤˣ˾ң
СӺôθڣЦõ
Ľ΢ЦĪ°ܣ
Цãʤ˴˾㣬͹¿ͷ
Ľһ£ЦãҰ˾Ϳͷ

ʦ֣ü
ŤͷЦʦԵһ£ҺúýѵһСӣ϶
ĽһҪȥѹɣ
Ϻһ˹ʳָСӣɣ
Ľʰ˼Цһÿ·ֱǰһָνɡ
һ㻹ֵҰν
Ľ΢ЦǾͿ
ǰһͦ͡һХ⵽ǰٶ죬ȴŲæһܹ
ĽһŤٿһ»ΪһŽתؿڡ
ȴûܱܹһǰһ̸켸֣һֻؿһŲм׷ɵǰ
װ˻֣ٿĺһɣͷһƣؿλһ÷״Ķ
㡭Ȼŭ
Ľսʣҡͷˣ
ŭߣ͵Ϯ
ĽҡͷЦƵɽڵĹأ˾
üĽ۲ӯӯˡ
Ľɫ̹ȻЦ˵乫ɣǲ͵Ϯ
Ƴʦ־ýûԾðܵԩλӺβʦķڷ
ĽǺЦҡͷѣһɽڣ


33 
һ£ӯӯȴֱĽ΢Цλӣһɡ
ĽҡͷʧЦôѲγҲϣ󣿡
Ƶʦһξˣӵʤ˫ַϣ޶
ĽɨһΧ˵
Ľ˿ûⱾ£һ˵鷳߳ŭǨŭ죬æѨ
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˫ȴûܾνЦСӣٵóѣ
ĽҡҡͷЦЦ±ģĸȴ䲻̫ضɱǻۣѳɴ
һӽ
һĽëһ죬ѷԼһ̣Ľһ
ɵһָһ׼ȷн⣬ö
һоһ͸ͨһ飬ʧȥơ
Ļ̌ұƽ˳ָЦְˣ
Ĩֱ֬Ľš
ĽսʣƱȭ΢΢һЦţ
ƿҧҧ۵ĴѰ׸ĽӺýû̹մ
Ľӹһ߽⿪һҡͷЦСˣҳݣͲ۹ˣ
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ĽЦ⿪ľϻóϻеţȴûŻȥľϻ£ַᡣ
ƿһ۴޳üëЩġ

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ĵĴɻĽЦȷʵӲ֮ãǡ
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˵ŭ߳
Ľδۣ֪ߵغ񣬲ôʢˣѵû洦
ô˵ʦ֣ʦַҪлඣЦˡ
Ľͷڰ֣ˣҲϡĸмҪҪҰæ
ݣ
Ľε̾û뵽ôãʧɽڲǺ𣿡
ӣǹаɣ
ĽڰЦˣΪһ㣬ϧҲҶ֣պ˵ɡ
ǲСƺߵʦֲ书ģɽʦʦԶʤǣ㲻ص⣡
ĽЦǵһˣպлһȥɽڰݷã
Ըǵӣƺߵ
ĽЦѲɽ̶Ѩã

š˹
ĽЦˣܴܲ򣿡
ӣգüŭĵ
Ľ̾ðɺðɣ߾ˣǺڣȥú
ۣһѪٴλԹȥ
ĽЦٿʧ˶¥Ʒ


34 
вʣֲܶʦֻ֣ܺ޺޶ţмʣȻСؿջ
صջʱѹɫ׵ۣ͸ɫɬԽĽ
ʦáɿݵ촽ţãȻĿϡ
齱ߣۿǿ飬Ȱʦ֣̫࣬úϢɡ
ЦظŶˡ
Ƶһʱʤûʲôģպʦֻǡ
ҡһͷ¶Ц
Ƽˣ֪Ǳˣæʦ֣ľѧֻҪʦַŬʤġ
̾Ȼκ̾ʦã᲻ٺӣ
Ƴһ£ҡҡͷܡ
ٺӣʤң
°̾˵ٺӣҲܲǣҲ˵׼õǹƣûԱ书ʦ֣С
Ҫľϣһɹľ
ҡͷľһɣйŹ֡
ţܹ졣
Ȱʦ֣ڱ룬˼벻ָ
˺أû֮ǣҲҪúһ󣬼ʹŵҩҲɴһ¡
һӢӱ֮ܣҶٱ֮
ͷʦһܱģ
̾Ϣһ̸ף÷ۺ֪ϸأ̸ϱ
ʦ࣬书ķǷƷʦδ׷ϵ
ʦãȥѹɡ
һҡͷ
㻹ָѹߵ
ҡͷҲʦ㡣
ҲҪþĵϢ
Ƴɵһ˳롭
ߣǲң۾ЦҽӣҲⱾ£
ҡҡͷɽڳұأһвġ⸽ûɽڵӣʵڲ㡣
ʦãٵˣȥȥɣȥأ
Ƴɲȷʵٵ飬ҹζһ겻ʹˡ
ʦãĲɱңȻҲ飬˭ɽԣʦ㲻ȥҲܰˣ
ðɣȥٻأͷ
¶ЦݣͶˣ
Ƶھߣ
ʦ֪ѹλã
Ƶҵɽϴǣ
¶Цݣʦôȥɣ
ƵʦСģϷѶš
İɣ֪İڰ֡

ĽصϼɽֱϼտգҶﲻڣֱȥҶСԺ
ҶСԺλߣһƬУľ͡
СԺ⣬ţ洫Ҷ޼ɣ
ĽŽȥҶһϮ£ֽӯӯվžôˣ
ʦ㣬ɽڵĵҪǸƵģǺ˵ĽǰЦɽĶŰɣ
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ĽйŹ֣ɽڵӾҪЩġ
ʦģҶʡ
ĽҡҡͷĿǰûʦ˼˵ʦöƿ
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Ҷüһۣڰ֣Ů¡
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ĽͷɽڿأǷƷ
Ҷô֪
ĽЦЦһ÷ۺǽӽ
Ҷ￴һۣСģٸǳ棬ɽڵӾС
Ľʦ߲ã
ɽвٵʤҶ
ĽͷãҲɽ棬ˡ
˵ǰҶǰͷû˾ֱƴŽȥ͸һɸϢһľڷţľһž֮б鼮дƿʯͷ
Ҷﾶֱмһľָһ⡣
Ľ£֪ʲôŹ֣ʦ㣬ûȥúоһ¡
ҶߵŮһͷƮƮĽСԺ
СԺܸɾȻ˴ɨ˾ֱСͤ£Ľ⿪˰ѣĸСƿ
ĽָƿӦǺҩϧ֪ϸã˷ˡ
ҶҪҩ
ĽҡͷᣬɽʵʲôҩûУҪɽģ
ҶҡͷǵδأһЩĵҩҪԵƴܵõɽңôãܺá
ĽǵҩǾǣҲ顣
šҶס
ٺõĵҩǲҲǰ裬ͳȥ顣
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ĽʦԵȣ
תСͤܿһˮʯˮ͸մӾģ峺
ĽӽˮȻ̳һյǰϸ

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Ľ۾۾ԽԽĿʵʣҶ֪˹ۣôȥۡ
ҪһĽȻ¶ЦݣǺЦ
ҶæʪѣȴʲôĽЦᣬնҲ֮Ҳ֮ãҲ֮ں̫̫֮Ħ
Ҷæһƪķ
ĽѣһȻյǰĿĿʵʰϡ
Ľɨ˼ۣͷн
Ҷü룬ҡҡͷûӦòɽڵѧ
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Ҷɽɽڣ书ٳɶ֣ķһ⽵
ĽЦпܣʦ㣬Ҽţ漸ҹ䣬һԪԦ֮֮뵤߻ӿȪת
УҶæţұʼ
Ľҡͷʦ㣬ֽϡ
Ҷһ֮󣬵ͷҲãһЩ
ĽŻٶȣȥһ֮һѣֶܿˡ
ҶӹһۣʲôûУĿϸϸĿƺԼֿ֣壬ѵΪᵱ֡
Ը̾ɽȷʵթ˭뵽ķھϣ˭Ѷӵһԡ
ץסһ˵˼ɱȻˣѺմϢȻ׵һͿķˡ
ŤͷĽ°̾治֪ôֵģϸ緢һҶ֪ǻ֮ºС
ΪԼĽǰѾͷ
Ľ룬ǽǽ̫֮ͣʺŮӡ
šҶҲ˼⽵ͬĽ˵
Ľһ¿ڴã˵ʦҲ⽵
Ҷҡͷ⽵ȭƷãͿϧˡ
ĽЦʦ㣬һһţһƷƣǱȻһ¡
˵˫ƮݣٿĵҶǰҶƵ˫ӭϣ˴һš
ĽʤһҹưѹҶﴭʹԴ
ĽȻȦ⣬Цʦ㣬Σ
ƣҶһޱ㷢ͷȻ
ĽҴɽڵ￴˼ۣúܣһһķһȣȴ˲١
ȷʵ档Ҷ
Ľʦ㣬Ǿܽȥ
šҶﻺͷ
Ľһ֣ѷɹ˫һģ顱һ죬ըΪĩƮ䣬һǾСͤ
ĽİƣЦ̫ƽˣ
˵Ż洫һཿ˽أҪҪ
ɡҶ
Ľʦ㣬ɽˡ
ɽҶüһأ
ĽЦᣬҲģȥ
ɡҶ￴ͷӦ
ĽһȭƮƮȥдҴ֮⡣

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٣ɽڵӲͦôһһ󺺺ٺЦϵ
һأ׸룬ͭĴ۾â䣬ɷ
԰׵ϹЦǽмĵţģ֮ΣҲ£
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ЦԿûв͸ǽҲɱңڣɽڶ˲鵽㣬ʱܣ
ЦŻ˭أͱʱˣˣû˿ҹ·
γڲĳǰЦҵҪмֳգ
Ӵ˻붯֣ҡҡͷ͵һȭɣ
飡󺺺Ȼײ鴰䵽Ժ
ɴ۾ֱǰ
Ľİ΢Цûɣ
㡭㡭ýָĽ
Ľл֮Ͱˣ
ôջسһ
ĽЦҾһ
Цˣɣ
Ľͷ˲Ҫɱϵˡ
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˶죬ŵĿ󺺣Ľ˲мᣬ
Ľǰϣ˵лխĸԹĽȷʵĻöһһ⣬Ľĵϸ
Ľһûһķܣʱúܿ죬ʱ֣ƻ


35 ̽
һ
Ľ˵̸סĵĴɻĽ
ĽȭЦˣ
üʦ֣
Цţ־ǿɱңۺһ
ţ־ǿƳҧҧ촽治С
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أҿһۣ봰ˣȼյϢޡ
ˣۺɱˡ
ĽĽЦֻܾˣɱ˻Լգɽó
ƺһۣ⻰Ųô
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ĽЦЦҪҵĻɽСҰ
Ƴһ£ͷ
ߵûôһɽʦã˳𣿡
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ôѹϽȻŭ˫۾
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ô£æϽ˵˵
̴һºȻͣסĽ
ĽЦˣ߾ˣ
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ˣɴ۾
ͷ̾һֱ͵˵ûģƱѣмƿҩ˵ҩƱһˡ
ˡ͵̧ͷ˵˵ѣʦס˺úÿʡ
Ľзһǰۣǻ쵰ǲɽڣһ
ҡͷңҲôɣ֮飬Ѳء
ô죡ü
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ĽüͷһЦ书
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޳һϮ

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36 ֱ
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һֱעĽɫǲϵãĪĵ⣬
еǸ⣬ٺвѷԼɽڣĻ鷳С
ĽԵĴӦˣǸŨ
ĽЦﲻˣҹ¼ҹһҲһԱı£ҵɽڣٺʲôµģ
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ĽƼ۲ݣȴܣԼ壬鵤ҩƴá
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˵˵ƲƲ졣
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ĽЦ˾Ͳ֪ˡ

ԡ¹⣬ɽ۳ԣĽ΢Ц˼мЦʱ͵ơ
ĽȻŤͷһüͷɫء
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ĽһֵܣʩΪɣ
ãƽȣ䳤ΪһѩâӭߣһУƲˡ
ĽŤͷЦֵܣСĵ˹
˿ˣһ˹͹һƸΪĽͷ͵æһ
ߵӦٺİСĵרɱ˽ģ
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Ľһʧ߼ˣĽһ׷è
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ĽŤǰߣһ¿ѳĽĽ֣µվɻĽ
ʵڲףĽͣ˽
ĽЦһ£һ̳֣æ˳һԾж֡

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Ľսʣ΢Цҡͷȴ˵һߵҲ˻ػȻĽ
Ľ΢Цλ²ϧһ
㾿˭
ĽЦ÷ۺαزͷ¶βģٺɽ浽ĵز
˽𡣡
ĽЦЦɨһߣ⻰˭ţ㲻׷´˶֣
͹ʡƣ鸴ӡ
ƵƹӣȨûǣذɣ
ƣ̾Ϣһڰ֣Ťߣתʧ
һջƵ߯ɶ񣡡
Ƶʦ֣ҲԹ
ʦãĽе
Ľ¶ʧ̬֮ٺĽ
ƾĿĽӣû뵽㽣˾
ĽЦҲҽʩչҲ̶ã
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ĽЦҲûôǹٲˮˮݡ
ٲƳ˶ã
ĽһָЦʮ˰ɡ
Ȼʮһֱǿٲ
ĽЦ
ǡҡͷ̾һ˾
ĽЦЦʦģҲϰˣͦȤģǿԿһûʲôá
Ľһ˼ˣ°ЦôĻãʮа˾ûʲôãһۿһͨټҽǿᣬ֮ۡ
Ľֵܣҿλʧܡ
üʡ
ĽƣƳһ£ҧź촽ͷ

ڶ峿ʱ֣һС򣬸ս˾¥ͷĸ֣ʦܣʦã
ĽɨһˣǾΪﵽ׾磬ʤһ
¶Цݣǹȥȵ˵Ƶӣλʦ֡
ĽƹȥʶȻһ˵
ĽֱӱȭǣֵܣȻλˣǰȫݣҲܹˣ
һߵʲôߣ
ĽЦλڣ֪ѶˣҲûҪˣǺڡ
ƵӣȻˣβȥڿ
ĽЦˣһհɡ
һĪɽڣ
ĽǺЦǰɽ̫ʢʵܲסѹǡ
˵ղ˵ֱ뿪æȥ
Ľ˾¥תЦûвɢ֮ϯǾͺڰɣ
Ƴһ£ӣȥδѰң
ĽЦ÷̫¥ҵ
ӻͳһƵݸƣЦóȻ֪㡣
ƺֽӹˣҶ࿴ֱУ̽ʱҲһ壬ȴһƣҵңɽڣִܽɽ˴š
ĽЦŽӹˣȻͬ


37 پ
Ŀһƣû뵽͵˴󵨣Ů֮Ƕ飬Ҳһ
ƺҪߣĽæסţһط˵ɡ
߲֣һֹһʱ嶯޲ӵҪƴ뿪ĽæЩҪ˵ˡ
֣أ࣬ͷһۣγ࣬ƺʲô¡
ðɡͷȥɡ
Ľ˳ȥһСݣͷ
ƻͷһ۾¥һɽڵ̽ͷߣƻæͷ
ԲԲӣ׳ӣмϢ
Ƭ̣С̽ͷĽƲ˶Ĳݣʱɫ
ǻصߣ˵ʦܣô£Сӵʲôˣ
̧ͷʦ֣ۺǸ书ߣǽȻߵöˣ
šʦֵɴ۾ȻСӻ
ƲƲ˵ǻҲ֣ʦ֣ʦزǣ
˵ʦֺߵ
ˣ֪ôˣٺİ׷ɱʦã
ʦü濴ǣӵõ
ٺİĴ̿ͣǶ˼ǻԼһϰҲֻһ֡
ˣƲ׿Ǳɵģ
ۺǣǰۺĶ֣̫ˣһͱǰһҲӲס
Ľʦü
ʱίؽеʦ֣ѵң
ʲôʦֺߵ
ҡҡͷƽƽ棬ôһ̣һ̵ʱһҲᣬûô׼
аŶʦԲԲ°͡
˵أվٲǰˮҪܶϿٲųɣ
˵˵ʦְڰ֡
ҡͷ˵еѽôʮ꣬һôĽģ
˵ôͽˣʦֲΪȻ
ԱһӢ츳ðɣʦ֣ʦأ
ʦɫߣȥǼˣ
顱һӣ޺޺һ
ô£ʦܣѵʦ濴Сˣʦֹֽһɴ۾
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Сӣʦ֡顱һƣһӡģӡڣƮŽζ
ʦ֣ҡͷ̾Ϣ
̾ʲôʦûʦôôСӣòһ㣬Ҳһ㣡
ҡͷѣʦ֣Ҳѹʦÿ
˵ʲôʦֵһѾ졣
Ųæһ죬̾ʦ֣뿴ۺǳŴɣƫһ£ôܲþ壿˵ʵȹҼأҾǿСӲ˳ۣҲģ
ߣô˵ʦûʶඣʦŭߵ
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ǰӢЦʦ֣ʦǼأʦܣһôģ
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šʦֵۡ
ҿ˳ۣѵѵû뵽ôѵˣ
㣬Ȼֱ㣿ʦֺߵ
ˣɽڱԻҡ
еʦֵͷСô
ʦ֣һѻָ췢ġ
ʦԲ°ͣҪһСӣ
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ʦֳһ£ҡͷջƵЩ֡
ⲻˣӢ̾ǾһϣҲ򲻹ģ˰ɣ
ôʦָĵĺߵ
Ӣʶʱ߷ΪܣǴ򲻹ѵ裿
ʦֺ޺޵һ޹ͷ

ĽڲݵһǣﻷľǳԷʱ򣬲ֻ
ŲյͷƷһֱ˵ģĨһ̧֬ͷĽ
ĽҲһֱ˵ʱţ׶͡
Щܲס̧ͷһĽʲôҪ˵ģ
ŶĽѹ̾˿²յƣʵһֱҵݡ
һæ̧ͷ
Ľҵѹ޼ɡ
ѹƳһȻ޼ɣ
ĽЦ빬ɱɽº֪ɽݣɽڵĵӣһֱĻ᲻ɽڱԲŻۺǰ̽
㡭ãȻĽһʱ֮䷴Ӧ
Ľ̾ԭһֱȥۺʧģµҲֻܸʵʵ˵ˣ
һ֣Ը˶أҲ̹Ȼϣ֪Խ˵ԽãֽǰסģվҪ֪ԽԽˣϧӷ
޼ɡƵͷһڲĽ
Ľ̾ǹΣҲֻˣѹо֮ܲ
ĬȻͷ
Ľյһڣ̾˿һ׻ԼҲղˣֻ̬ܿˡ
ʱ仺ţ֪йȥһӡ
Ľպңôȥ÷ɣȸǣڣ
̧ͷʣɽյˣ
Ľͷǡ
յˣʲôʱյǾ˵
Ťͷﵭ˵δܰݡ
ĽüƵŵ˵ò㣬ֻܷУΪ֮ɣ
˵շ˲յתӯӯȥ

˼Ļص¥˾Ŀ££ûע⵽ǵ
ʦãۺˣߵ
̧ͷۺţˡ
ʲôҪ˵
ҡͷעܲưոݣɸ˹׷ɱ
ߣջƵĸҡʦһӣЦҲĲšϣ
ƿһʦ֣û˵ƽʱЦ䣬ʦֵˣšӲУʱȴһֱ˼Ľ˵û˼
ʦʦʦʦ֣ջƵҲֲ˺ãģ
̾˿ͷ
ʦ̲סߵʦãǻ˵ʲô
һºüʦ֡
ʦֵʦãǲǿСˣ
ʦ֣˵ʲôأæֻǺúлл˼ңϾǣ
ߣҿǾ֮Ϊ˰ɣʦûĵ
ߺʦ֣
ʦƲƲ죬һʦãǽŮӣʲôֱ˵ǲǿ
ƿȴҰҺޣˬúܣͷǡ
˶ʧУɫ䡣
ƿɽһ仨òҲãˬУÿ˵ĹϵܺãɽڵӸĦȭƣҪȢ
ɽڵӸǿܣû뵽ĿһϣƫƫһҰСӣʵ벻ͨ

ʦãе˲ʣһҰ·ӣǳʹ书ǿһЩʲôãʲôõģûĳϢ
֮йȻ书ҪҲؼϻܲסȺǣһ书ǿʵҲޡ
ҡҡͷ˵ȴ
ʦֵʦã˵˵ۺʲôõģһģ
ҡͷʦ֣Ҳ֪
šʦɻü
༸ҲĪĿƺҡҡͷ治֪ʦ֣Ǿ춯ɡ
ߺ޶ˣ˵ֱ³
ʦֺ޺޵ҪСӣ
ƿһۣʦ֣򲻹ġ
ʦã첲ˣʦûĵ
Ʊ첻˵ʦ̾˿ۺмֱ£һҪһ
æʦ֣һлģǻ߰ɡ
ߣߣʦִֵİڰ֣ʵҲûʲôˣеǾͲ
ջƵǸӣ֮ܳ
ҿ˵ӣʦûĵ
εҡҡͷ֪˵档
ʦ˵ô֣벻ʵ棬Ǿֱ˾¥ⱱߡ
ƺõò࣬˱ţʦһ֮ʩչṦ
һϵĺɫӿһƬԱҵһƵۣԫϱڣûĵûӲݣסˡ
ǲ²⣬ز˴޴պһҲû⣬ڵ۴һѣԱһ߳Ըһ˵
æ꣬һ¸ҹĻУڣͨÿһ䡣
ƾţԾĻ⣬ڻӳ¸Ľˡ
룬Ȼ˼ѾԶǼĶɬ˶ȴڱˣʵڲġ
ǲҲ֪Ľ
ȣʦܣ˺õò˰ɣʦһ
ͷٹܺˣ
ʦֵٹܵžˣջƵˣ
ʦ֣ҿջƵĲһӢЦ֪ǹ໤ǻҪûȤ
ʦֵˣܴܲˣСû
ɫȻһ䣬ˣ
˶һҲѹһ£Ʈԣͱһ⿴
ʦֵʦʦܣŴʦ֣Ŵţʦã£ʦܣ㰲ĿŲҪ֣
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ʦֵ˻ûðﲻæǷľͺã
ðɣͷԡ
û˼οƮжǰһ˴һкȥ
üһаʵڲ
ʦһһһҵס˴ſڣ俴档
ʦֶϺһҹմһջƵģɣʲô£
ҶͥƮһϮ£סΨ¶һ˫ӣʮˡ
վʦ󣬼״һʮ
俴ǵòҲͣͨ˪׵üëʵʵɷһۿǰ
ʦɫÿƿջƵģ߯ĵ
ʨȫҶͥû뵽㣬ã
ģʦҶͥЦҽõúܣڴСӣ
۾¶ЦݣҡҡͷӲˣǵıûгɣ֣
סǣҶͥϺһͬͬʱһվżȫסţ޿϶ֻҪӦˡ

ڰ֣ʮ˷ֳһֱ򴰻ţת۹ҶͥǾͼֲס
Ҷͥƣһý˽̫죬ӦȴֲҺˡ
ߣʮкҶͥˣüʦ֣
ãҶͥȥʦǣ
ƽһҶ̳ͥҶͥסһȻһҪҶͥ硣
ƽһƬסһˡ
Щ˺ںϻҶͥǵΪԷ·𣬿һϻҸҪҶͥǾ͵סˡ
һ̾Ϣһ̧ͷȥĽһϮƮƮվڻߡ
ŽڻϣȻݣλ֣ȻһСġ
Ľк޾ɫģαطԣ
ĽЦѵˣʶǰɣλסְɣ
ϣסְɣ
ʮٿĺˣһ°ĽΧס
ĽЦЦλףѲٺģ
ģɱң
Ľս΢Ц롪
Цģαض£
ĽλҪ̧ܸ֣һм
ߣЦһָǣΪܾȵǣ
飡Уǽһը䣬೾ʮˣֱǡ
Ľüֺˣʮ˻ӽγһƬܵס
죬Ľ̳뽣ֲ֪ʱһһԾߡ
Ƽæӣʦǣ
Ľݣף󣡡
ҶͥȻŭʷģⱰСˣ
һЦ״䣺ɽڲˣɱʹ죡
Ҷͥŭʷģֵĵƾ˶ʲô£
ЦеҡͷǺǣҶͥûб£ϧҪɥඣ
Ҷͥŭһ͵ǴһȦ·ǳ顱ķ˿ǰ¡
飡ƣ˫ཻһ
ҶͥɫǺ죬̫Ѩʱĳ
˦˦첲ٺЦƣ㻹ּܼư
Ҷͥŭһٴǰû⣡
һ˺ɣڰֵǸˣҸһƽ
Ľü˭
ʥʷѣƺߵ
Ľɫ΢䣬⿡һۣû뵽ǾȻǳʥڣȻ
аֽ粻ԣ˵аеɾаʥڣųаһڡ
ʥڵĵλߣʵӴʤɽһǵаԴǵķҪɱ
þòʷŤͷ¶Цݣˣ
ĽüʷҲĽЦСӻӢ۾Ҿͳȫ㣡
ҶͥĽһĳ
Ľһ㣬ʷѱˣĽᶶ󣬽ϵѪ˦ߣʷ˳⣬ּ㼸ָҼϣɫĿѪȾơ
ĴһܿɭɭĹͷˡ
Ľ赭дһʹ̴ơ
ҶָͥʷѴЦ
ĽʷӣסֵĻֱȡ
ߣʷЦ
Ľλһ£һĨʷƺһżĽ龪
ĽЦסְɣԺΪ󣡡
ס֣ʷе
ʮƮˣ
ʷżͷѪ첲⴦䣬Ѿһ̯ѪȻǼˡ
ʷʦ֣ôˣһʡ
ߣߣʷЦһ۾δմ
ĽЦۺ
һۺˣڣʷѳżתߣɫѾ԰ס
ĽЦЦȭͣ
ŤͷĻǣƹӣͣ
㣬ЦħͷȻɿ߰ɣ
ҶͥȵջƵģٺʲôʱ䵽㾳ˣҪʥ֣
ڰֻ֣ڶˣԵģ´ûôˣ
ߣ´һ㣡ҶͥмĵֻжΪʤСˣ
߰գתߣת۹ʧһɶ


38 չ
Խаܣͨ磬ۿûסˡ
Ҷͥ´Ľζӡ
ĽȭЦЦֶƵͷ漴ƮƮȥתۼʧ
ףôˣҶͥԾʡ
úһģһ¸м֮أһ±˴˵ĸ飬ȴ˵߱ߡ
ҡҡͷԶĽѾʧҹɫ
ɨһҶͥˣ³Щԥ
ʦãʲô͸Ͻ˵һˣɶҶֵͥ˵
ڰ֣ʦܣ㲻Ҫɣ
ЦŰڰ֣Ǽһüʱ
Ҷͥ̾ʦȷʵʶ飬ǲ˼ң
ǿĽֺ򵥵ļͱٺʥڣ书ֶΣԼܱȡ
Լʹ书ҲûֶΣ侲࣬ǻ۹֮
ҧź촽룬ҡҡͷԼ˼
ԭĽݹô֪ĶˣȻʦѹʱܹӰ쵽
£˼ɣһ˵ȥݣһȥٺʥڶ֪ǾݣҪѹ鷳鷳Ѳ
ȥǲ˵̾˿Ʈ׷˳ȥ˴ⲻԶĽˡ
ĽһϮʵ¹΢ЦȻĽԵøңԶ
ôˣĽ΢Ц߹
ҡҡͷлϲȴ޷
ĽǲҪɣ
ʱҡͷüͷš
ʲôѾģĽЦ
֮о˵ϤϤƫƫϢ
Ƶߴݣ¡
ĽҡͷˣɽҪԸѹ㲻˳Ȼͺá
ǡü
ĽЦһ֪ɽҪ֣ǻǰâ
ѽ
ĽЦЦ˵ɽҲδػһƽϣɽѹ΢
ϧ΢ᣬӰžߡ̾
ĽЦúлġ
ҡҡͷŮɽû˵ĵλСǻȶһɣҹơ
Ľüɽڻᶯ֣
ƿ˿ףһɶΧǣŻŭκβɣ»ѹ
ĽһҡͷЦЦɽڵķأ
Ʋ˼ĵͷ
ĽЦɽҪôɣҿɲ
æ̧ͷ
Ľݺ˵ɣڣ
˵ЦЦڰ֣ƮƮʧ

ϼʱ֣ĽʱҶСֱӽ˴һ¾ѣæá
ʦ㡣Ľȭе˼Լ򻹲ң̫סˡ
ҶԹ뽿ޣڰ֣ôûȥɽڣ
Ľҡͷ;ɽڵӽӦٻ͡
ıˣҶ㲻ȥ̽һ̽ʵǵ̬𣿡
Ľ̾ʦ㣬ҹƲô׼ɽڻᶯֵ׼ա
ɽᶯ֣Ҷüʡ
Ľҡҡͷб޻еطɣ
㵹еطҶﻺͷôһ㣬ô죿
Ľ书³ɽ
һ̫ʿҶսˣǻƲѹеӹ
Ľʦɽڴһˣ
Ҷͷֻѡ񡣡
Ľü̾ˣҸʦ£ɽһ£ɾˡ
㡪Ҷһ¡
ĽѹصһԱѹȫˣһи̣ѹûϣˡ
Ľʦ㣬һҪµģţѡ
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ĽüõĵʦǶûİɣ֮Σ
Ҷɽڸƣ书ǿδֵúá
ĽЦҡͷɽڸǶ࣬δػɶٸֹɽѹСϣ
Ҷҡҡͷɽ°Ենһк󻼣ƲҲᾡ־١
ĽЦʦҲ̫СˣֻҪɽĸҾ֮ʦ㣬дһ½Σ
㽣ʤңдˡҶ
ĽЦҪ֣ʦӲ
šҶü
ĽЦʦ㲻ţ
ǵҪʶһ¡Ҷ˴
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ʣȭЦʦ㣬ã
ǡýλã嵽ĽλãĽԭλãһ
㡭Ҷɫ΢䣬һϸɵĺ
´ĽһۣȻһٴһ£
Ľ໬һٴбһ漴ǰһ㣬ȻսʣЦеĵʦ㣡
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û뵽Ľ˵زһܻԼԼĽЦȥ
ʦ㣬ΣĽµʤΰɣ
ðɡҶﻺͷ
Ľлʦ㣬չһӣ뱻ţ
ȥɡҶڰ֣Ľ˲ֶ룬ɽʱܹҪǿʵ

Ľʼչ˽йټϳϼӳ¹ķԡ
ЩӶѧ˳ֵʶԭȣӾԪ㣬˵츳ȴǿһЩ֮Ũи
书ķ׷ǾԪͬ޷ɢγȴܸ壬塣
һлϣϣγɾǿʤԪһ
֮ԭĴʦҲɥĽСһֱ̫ðգԴӴ֮Լƣˡ
׿ϸµĺõӣϸûʲôóȴҪ
ĽԽΪţǼʶٺĽ֮󣬲ԷƱ֪Ա֮
봴һµķ书ѹĵٳɣٳɵ书ѹ֮衣


39 
֪Уʱţоһգۣʱ֣մ붨洫
Ľ齳ţԺԺţվҶ棬ɫȻ
Ľ룺ʦ㣿
Ҷ²д·ʱʲô£һɽڣ
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Ľüӹµġ
Լҵ÷ģֻƣˡ
˭ţҶʡ
Ľţֻ֣ӥɡ
ҡͷ̾˿̧ͷʦ㣬ɽҪԸˣôɣÿһЩ
ɽҪ֣ҶüɫȻ
Ľͷ˾Ųʮˡ
֪Ҷ￴һż㡣
Ľʦ㣬ҵһѡ
ɽڵģҶʡ
Ľǡ
ߣưɣҶߵ
Ľεĵͷǡ
ҶüĻţ֪ݣ
ĽѾˡ
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ĽЦЦҲɽڵ°ɡ
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Ľһ£ͷǰɣϧɽڵӣҪ򣡡
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Ľ˵ЦﻹȳһΣ¶˺·ֲС޴
Ҷﻺͷţϰߡ
Ľʦ㣬ӣʦͲˡ
ʦӦҶü
Ľ룬Ҫƭһʦǣ
Ҷ̾ϢһҡͷҲϧҲʦ뿪ķӡ
ĽЦҵһ
˵Ҷ
ĽסϢˣʦ֪ʵɽڲ֪ѹλá
⵹١Ҷס
ѹǴ֪ѹڣȻ֪ѹλãҲˡ
ĽֻҪǲ¶Ҳʦ
̫ΣˡҶ
ĽЦЦǵδأʦǱͦԶģ˵ʦҲ֪ɽڵ¡
ðɣԿҶһͷ

˿ʼжѶϣһһߣҹ򲻶ŷƽ˾޷졣
ĽɱչزУأһĲ˵뿪·һ㣬Ŵ£һֻ书ҪһżٳĽ
óռƣʮ֮˵ûǹûдսһжҵԴͷָ֡
ȴѾҵ̷̶ȣΪΪཻǿʤΣգһˣִֻУƷȭ
һˣռƣҽԴΪʹҲŽľʤԷ
书ȭΪȭŸ׳ҪԹˣȭŹͬͬΪͬͣȭŸָʤһ
ĽԽóѹĽǾȴԶҪĽһǿ
дԱ˵ܼѣ˵ѣһжڵڲ׺ɣʦͽ̵׺Ž
书ԭ书ͬȴмͬĽںϣմ˾ʽ
ʽ򵥵úܣϣȴܷǿ
峿ʱ֣ĽԺҶˣûֱƮԾǽƮƮ䵽Ľǰ
ĽͣЦʦ㣬ˣ
ˣҶףֻ̾һ
Ľʦ㣬Ѿ˾ʽ
˵ߣܿóһӵݸҶ
Ҷӹˣüʲôʱˣ㻹˼Ͻ
ĽЦƾһ书´࣬ǰ֮ʦʦи򵥵ĽĽܸϣʿ䣬û˾񡣡
о仰ܾ䣬ɢˣ鲻ôˣȻֱףȴǵ˲ƵʿļҪ

ʦ㣬˵ĽָָСӡ
ҶЩεҡҡͷҲܳסʱˣ书ȥʲô书书ô״ģ󱲵͸˵书˵Ƴ³ˡ
ĽĿģãʧģ̾ˣʦܣǻһôӦսɡ
мĽһۣٴߴ٣֮ȷʵɽڵˡ
Ҷĸ
ĽüͷһЦɽҲ߯д˰ɡ
ԽԽ¡ҶҡͷɽڲУʹӶҲӶ֣˶飬ƴȫġ
Ľ˵ĸǾˣ
ҶʦһҪСģԱһҪӲƴ
Ľͷʦ֪ǵĵϸ
֪Ҷ̾˿ҡͷɽ֮ǿΪƣֲ٣ֺأ¶档
Ľˣֻܱˮˡ
ؼʱҪǿΪȡҶﲻĵĶ
ĽЦ׵ġ
Ȼɫ΢䣬üˣȥӭһӭա
ˣҶü
ĽͷһУʯϵĳϼٿһ·ɵϣҶȻһʾԶʤԼ
Ĺԭ粻ͬ壬ĽȴǾϣԦµġ
磬ܹ壬ȴΪԦԦеĶطţܹ뾫ϣףټƿս⣬ԽԽ㣬ʼʱС

һ֣ҶһЩʩչṦḬ̃Ʈϼɽ¡
˸յɽµǰĸӻʱĿⲻһʵʡ
Ľˣ꣬׳ƿ¶
˵ԵЩЩĸоһܹεˡ
ǻϢģĿʵʣѷǵǿˣǲ˵ܲס硣
ĽȭλǰҪѹ
ͨһһӵ˳
ĽЦЦͨˣλ˱ֹػҶλǰúɣɽ
ѹҶüҶתͷһˡ
ҲҶͷ
ĽԺһ֪֪ҶòɽڹȻ鴫أĿڶࡣ
ҶﵭǺˣѰҺ£
Ϸɽ£
Ҷһ£Ϊɽ
껺ͷɽǱͽɽֶв壬ɱ˾ɱˣʲôϧɽҪ̰Ľʵڲã
ҶüһιڵǰѾ˵ˣ
ƭȴƭǣЦ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵Ķġ
Ц֪ɽϲصĶҪɱǲǣ
Ҷɽ˵ö֮
ߣô˵ඣЦмĵΪǲ֪ЩСɣ磬壬Ц
ҶüɱɽȷʵΪ
ðգǰɽϵĶǿԲܡ
ҶɽҲ̰ͼһϵĶ
е߾֮عٲǿɲˣ
ҶﵭɽֻмҩƿѣҩƿѾ͸ˣûǱҲûá
ˣ
Ҷʲô
ҡͷ̾˿ǲʰѹϧع̫̣ȻˣԹˣ
ҶüǴҪΣ
ҡͷ̾Ȯ
ɽڵ£ҶЦòԼҪģҪɱˣаֻ棡
ɽôֲССѹ˵ЦǼѹ
ϧһҶҡͷ
ü⻰
Ҷﵭ΢Цѹ뿪ˣǲ𣡡
ɫһЦýƻǶ㲻ǹץҲһҲǲ
ҶﵭѾԸ׼ȣǲϵ
Ťͷһ꣬΢ţ͸Įء
𲻵ѹɱǹҲһְɣ
ã깧ĵͷ
Ľɨһ꣬ɽڲΪɽĶΪɣ
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Ľȥʥڣǲ汾£ССɽҲ̫
ƳһĽ΢΢һЦʥ̸ףҲΪʥڣΪЩСɣ㹻ˡ
ĽǾͲѹӰжԸǣ
ЦҡͷǺǣжԸǵɶǣѹһҡ
Ľ̾˿ǽҪɱˣ
ֻԹãһҲˡΪϧҡҡͷ
ĽŤͷʦ㣬ҪҪɱ֣
߰ɡҶһ£ҡҡͷ
Ľһˣ̾ʦ㣬ߣ
һΪĨ̳ȥҪ֣Ȼĵˡ
Ľν࣬ĵʱһƿ˽ٿ֡
׷ʱɫһŭߵ
û뵽ĽȻһƿ˰Χ֮ǿΪ֮Զϡ
һֳĸߣҲǱɫ粻׷ȥҲ׷ȥ
ĽҶ磬Ľ߱ߵû뵽ǻа֣ϵˣ
Ҷɫ࣬ѹԲＸ鲼Ŀû뵽ǱˣɽڹȻʹʵСġ
ĽŤͷһ󣺡ʦ㣬ǿ׷ˣɣ
ҶͷһƳɫ΢䣬ʩչţǶû뵽ɽڵʤһۿԽ׷Խ
֮£ȥĽס裬ζļӿ죬ٴΰѹһ¡
˾ԽԽԶɽڵּӿΣٴ׷ķ
ĽЦȤ
ҶϽ˦ǰɡ
֪ĽûȫΪ뿪þ壬Ѿ˼ɽͷˡ
ߣߣǶߺȻһߣʱһͣһ紸ӰĿڡ


40 ħ
ĽҶɫٱ䣬Ķ֣
ĽüΪĸͷһĶֳԼԤϡ
ʦ㣬ߣĽ
ҶҡͷǶˣ
ĽЦһ£ͣΣʱѾһɽۣ棬ΧʯͷʱХ
ΧͺͺģֻʯͷûľĽҶﲢһҶƮƮ覵İһ˫ӳûһ˿ɫ
Ľ̾ǹ͸˿ûо塣
Ϊ͸ֻ֮أԲܲʵڲʲô⣬һлײ
ȥһοݵĺվһʯͷϣ
ʯͷɣʮԶĽĸֶԣһɿ絽һеĹΧڡ
ĽЦЦϸߣݵһֶ΢΢һܼӡ
ӣ֮ʱҪϨ˲ʱһͻ
Ľ̾˿ϲԽΪܣԽаϵΪꡣ
˼кιɣĽȭһۻɽĹһˣɫ˿û׷Ľϲá
鹧Ĺڵأ߰ȥ
ȵվţΧʯͷΪһ壬ҲһʯͷҲǣֻĿĽ
ĽЦЦ˼ǳͷɽڹȻɽڣ
ѹһɣɽЩɶԣǴСΪ˶ԸѹȻһĸ֣ǰˣֶ֣Сĵúܡ
߿ĽΣѹ
ҶﵭѹҶǰηʥ
Ϸôڵ黺ת£˵Ϸ˶ͤ
˶ͤҶһ£ɫ΢䣺ħ˶ͤ
Ϸܾûˡ˶ͤͷû뵽СüԣǵϷ򡣡
ĽŤͷҶһǰĴ󵶿ͣ׹û뵽ˣ
Ľ´˶ͤڿһΪһ壬Ǻɫۣױ˺ԡ
ĽüβӦϷܾķ
һоʱһɺֲͷŵʿ񿴵һֻͻʱˡ
Ľͷħ
Ҷһ޼ɣץң֡
ĽüͷȻҶ򲻹ģһǰݺ޵У
ĽЦѵãĸдһ£ʦ߰ɣ֮
֣Ҷü
ĽЦʦİɣҲǲǣ
ҶüĽĵλԽԽߣǻ۹ˣ书ˣ츳ˣѹδϣڡ
СģһԾߣҶعңҲط
Ľͷʦİɣδػܡ
Ҷҡͷħû̹Բģһ潻ֲŻڣµʱ̫ˡ

ĽȭЦǰдһ¿ɺã
д衣˶ͤϷֻɱˣд裬Сһ죬ɣ
ĽЦʹ죡
γϼλεĹâʱѾͣס
࣬ĽУȴԶ˶ͤľƣһͷͻʱ˻
Ľһָ˶ͤǰСˣ
һԾڿгһӣ˳Ϊʵˮһк˶ͤ
˶ͤվʯͷϣһһһĽɳȥҶߡ
Ҷû龰æŤͷĽʦܣ
Ľҡͷɫ࣬СӢۣõΪ
˶ͤüͷĽƺһ¼һ𣬳ü͸Ųɫ
ĽЦǰõ
ϹųԾ飬ĿĽ̫߳һ㣬ֿüͷĹ˶ͤ
˶ͤųħ䲻޵Уȴ϶֣عɽ֮󵶷Խľ
ٶһûһ֮Уһֱڰŵж
ǿΣһϣ⣬û뵽СᣬȻܽӵסһ
˶ͤɽͬǿö࣬ϧŵӣһϷˣ
ĽЦǰ롪
˶ֱͤͦɿȻʧԭɱӽ÷ʱ⵹ָģ
Ƭ֮䣬һ߱һˣһ͸ɭɭɷɷʵʣΧ¶һ½һ㣬Ӵ쵽˳
ǸӾ棬û뵽˶ͤģѲ˹
Ľȴó˹ͷԭԼĿٹһ
Ҷɫ΢䣬߰ɣ
Ľҡͷ뿴ǿһʦ㣬ߣ
ҲߣҶߵ
ŭʦƽʱǸصģʱȴƫƫǿʤΣڲˡ
Ľʦ㣬ʶһħߣҽһϱ
δܽסһҶҡͷ
ĽЦЦʦ̫СҶ֣ߣȻĻҲܰĵĳ
áҶﻺͷ
Ľ¶ЦݣУְ̤һ˵ƣòħ˶ͤ

˶ֹͤͣ仯ΪһˣԨͣĽͷܾû˱Ϸˣ
ĽЦʲô򣿡
˶ͤɽľǱСһܼʶ˹Ҳԩ
ĽҡͷЦǰ˵ˣǰΪɱң
˶ͤЦЦһɣͷ㽣Ϊȷʵû뵽ѹôһ֣ϧϷ˲ãӵɣ
δ䣬һĽһĽֱֱ˳⣬˫ݽʯ
˶ͤüֿϵĳһڿϵĳģѩɭɭһ㳤û
ĽЦõ
˶ͤЦúãС㣬Сһ
һǾǰһ۵ĸо̫ҫۣһǵ۾
ǱۣߴĴ죬಻ȱܼô
Ȼͣʱǵ۾ҲָһΧѾûĽҶֻй˶ͤվʯͷϡ
ʦ桭ǰ׳ŵʣǡ
ˣȥɡ˶ͤѵʣɫࡣ
굨ӴСʵˣ
˶ͤһ٣Ťͷһۣʦ棬Ҫѹѹ˹ҲһС룬ҪҲɱе̫ʧˣ
Сһ˰ˡ˶ͤҡͷѹΪǡ
Сأ
˶ͤҡҡͷɣˡ
ʦɱʱ¶Цݡ
˶ͤһɣѹûΪǣˣ
ǣԹ˶ͤĻŲɣЦ档
УĽҶҪĶ࣬һοʦ໤ȻĻԼСѾˡ
˶ͤȻһ٣ۣһѪ
ʦ棡һæҪȥȴһƿ˶ͤһѪȻǣ¡
ʦ棬ˣŵʡ
˶ͤͷСһΪ񣬽־еٺζ
ѵٺĵӣʡ
˶ͤҡͷٺ󽣷̫ǲûһ洫ģٺӣ
Сӳˣµ̾
˶ͤɫһ£һüͷû˵Ȼһ˿ǣ˵Сܼһأ
һ鷳һĸָԸ
ĽҶﻯΪ⣬תۼʮĽȻͣסɿҶ
Ҷɫ԰ףûôٶȣӭķ絶ӣӴѹѹ
ֺĵϣҶ֦棬Ľȴڵϣؿһ޴˿ڣɫ԰ס
ʦܣҶʧе
˵ĵ̫죬һУֻǰһΣѾĽżۣӦʱѾ
ĽЦЦҡͷʦ㣬ЪһЪ
ˡҶﶢ˿ڡ
絽ҿ裬һбпѪܵˡ
ĽЦƤ˶ѣҪġ
ƤˣҶһ£뿴˶أѾӻͳ˴ƿ
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幦Ƿ켫ǹ˶ͤΪ񣬶ھ죬һ˲
治ҪҶһ£˿ںǳ


41 
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Ľͷ̾깦ȷʵףѾ˳ѳĲΣҲ
ĽҲҶ
ĽҡҡͷЦԭҲΪڿһԶʦ㣬ȱŻȥ
šҶü
ĽʲôֶΣϳɾܲ
šҶﻺͷ
ĽŬҶãĽһڴ̾ҵúúõϢһʦһ
ҴĵطɡҶ
ĽԽԽأԽԽãôˣ
Ҷüĵɣ
ĽЦʦ㣡˲أǵҵСӦųɡ
һ֮Ҷ
Ľһ£ͷлʦ㣡
Ҷϥ˫Ƶģ˹һĽƮ˿˿ưƬ̺ҶҲˡ
ԺƮ磬ԽԽŨƣҶƤڳ
Ľɫ˼֣ҶԶۣĽȻһѪҶ顱һ·ײϣչȥ
ĽɫԽ԰ףŤͷһҶЦʦ㣬⵶ˣ
㡭Ҷﵣĵ
ĽЦӦʦ˴ҾͺãһӲѹסʦҲ𼱣
СģҶﻺͷ
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Ľƽ޲磬һƽȥġ
֮ǻָƣȹ˶ͤ׷Ľߣϱ۾ʼ˹

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ʦܣҶﵭ
ĽЦȥʦ㣬ˣ
һһҹˣҶش𣬴˲Ҫ˰ɣ
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ͺãҶһĽģϾħһزǿЦģ˵Ĳ̫һЩ
Ľûɣ
û׷ҶҡͷӻͳĲӡ
ĽЦλүʮ㣬Ϊɱõң
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ܵס⵶߱ز٣ûгϼӳ¹ɵľûнĸͰԵסħʴѾʬڴˡ
Ľ̾Ϣѧȷʵж֮СʦﲻСĺ
ʦܣ⽣ǡҶʧЦһ¡
ӹĽʱЩΪȻᣬ书ѧ˶ãԼ书ʵڷ˼
ѧ߾ܣܲˤͷԭĽĽȤģó˷
ĽнǼѧܿѧˣȻԭһӡ֤پ
ĽЦ龫ģܲûҪʦʦԡ
ĽҶҡͷ̾޼ɣܡ
⣬Ѳ֪֮˵ӴĽԴ˾¾ףƫƫѧĽС
ħ˶֣ͤڵһϽһӵģԴҲδΪ
ĽЦ촹࣬첻ѹɡ
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ĽʦΪʲô·
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ĽЦʦ㵱ǣʦѾûҲˣѹҵļңαؽʲôǷǷ
ǰѹļҡҶͷô룬Һܸˣ
Ľʦ㣬İɣɽ𲻵ѹ
ҾͲ¡Ҷ¶һĨЦݡ
ƽʱ䣬ȻһЦĽĿ֮С

ɽ۵һʯͷϣĽϥ峿ĳϼһϼ¡
ڱǼɫϸߣէΪߣޣϸܿóǰɵϸ
ϸ˿ƣޣǰԲһ֮תź
ĽһɲͬԽԽǿȴԽԽᣬΪޡ
Ա飬ϸѣȴֺϸֵһ֮ſʼϸ֮ѣĽǿ˽
ŲĽۣҶƮƮվ棬΢Цʦ㣿
Ҷһŵݹŵ÷򡣡
ĽӹˣЦЦ֪ƹԼż㿴˿Цҡҡͷ
ҶλɽڵѰɣ
ĽЦ˶ͤȥ˵Ѿɱҡ
ߣôĿҶߵ
ĽĵȷʵŹ֣ʦ㣬ɽڽʲôϢ
ûСҶҡͷѾԸȥйעɽڣһʲôϢϻ֪
Ľͷ룬ŷŽ
㲻ţҶﵭ
ĽʦԵȣϾͺã
Ҷﵭ˵
ĽЦЦ뿪ʯͷԱ߲ԶСľڣСľλԣġ
ݺǰߣؼϻһͼͼŹ֣һһ֡
Ľȼʻ꣬Ȼ˴װŷݵݸҶʦ㣬ͻȥɡ
ôˣҶɻĿһŷ⡣
ĽЦƽˡ
ҶҪע⣬λѣɽڿǶͷ
Ľͷ׵ġ
ðɣһͻȥҶͷһסﻹϰ߰ɣҪҪȥס
ĽЦһ徲רһ֮Ҫģ
Ҷüҡͷ޼ɣ˶ͤٶ꣬Ϊ۷壬׷̫ѣ𼱣
ĽȲұ𣬡ʦ㣬ĽΣ
ѧﶼѧˡҶͷؼʩչҪúĥ
ĽҪ˽֣ԽĥԽǿʦ㲻һֱɽɣ
ñһܷͷҶ
ĽҡҡͷֻҪͷ棬˭֪ѹӣֻʩչ׽Ӧϲ
ţ⵹ҲǡҶﻺͷ
Ľʽʤϼӳ½ûϳ׽ȷʵǺ⡣
һɽڲ뵽ô󵨣Ҳõɢɢģһֱɽõķңѹʧȥġ
һǳȥһߣ೤Щʶ㻹Ҫչأ
Ľ˶ͤƽ⡣
ͷˣҶʡ
ĽͷеüĿˣĵȷʵɽڲС
ţ֪ҶҲȥ߰ɡ
Ľҡͷˣһɡ
Ǳ˶ͤˣԼһΪ޵УħԶš
ѾħϢʥڱһħ


42 
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ĽΪΣʦ㣬ɽڹȻ
ʦ˵ɽҲɲ⣬¶ĸҶüǲǡ
Ľü˵ǳˣ
Ҷﻺͷţʦ˼ѹͷ棬Ľ䡣
ĽЦҡҡͷʦɲӢ
Ҳûӵ¡Ҷ̾˿ʦҲ֪ô;Ʊǿ
ĽΪɽڸ֣ѱҲǲɽڣѲ´ٸ֣
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ĽЦЦԼԸɽڣԽơ
ƣҶٺ󣿡
ĽٺʥڣҪٶ
Ƕ֮ƣҶҡͷ
ĽЦʱɲǡ
ҪСģҶεĵɽǣٺʥҲһһˣ
Ľٺ֪ǽɣɽڲ磬ִһţʥаһڣʵΣ
Ҷɫ΢䣬æʥ޼ɵԶǳ룬ǧǣ
ĽʥаŵһڣΪķ
Ҷףʥķ죬󣬵¼ûʮȫʮʥķҲһһȱݣǻӰ˵顣
ĽüӰ˵飿
ҶٺõˣʥķҲɲб֮ͽᣬ飬ɱϡ
Ľǻ
Ҷ̰̾ͼ˵ʥķı˵ԣı䱾ģֻǰԭĺڰڰڰǿޱȣһǧ
Ľ򢣺úڰϧк󻼣ķʼ죬߻ħǲǣ
ҶﻺͷȻ֪
ĽҡͷƲڰɲô׿ƵģһͷޣԽǿԽѿƣҪʧصġ
Ľ뵽ķǽϷŵ÷ѹƺڰſܿסˣΪ
Ҷ̾ţ˵òħķ߻ħµľЩ߻ħģҪܶˣħűɵ
ĽʥڵʵɽΣ
Ҷʦ˵ֻǿ
Ľ¶Цҡҡͷ˵ˣԼ·ܳ

ʱһת۹ȥʱڣĽһֱ̿һһߣҪһΡ
ϼϧȻȱݣָˣ뽵ѵһĺùĽѡ˽ޡ
ҪһĶòʩչӳ¹볯ϼǡܴһһף
ãǿΪĻǽ;
⽵ߵǸõ·ӣʩչȴǽʱޱȣǻԪ
ǿľǿ壬߶ޱȣ಻һֵʮ죬µĿֵ̿ϱһˡ
һأ˶֣ͤûбʤİգȻȴû⡣
ɱﵻûûȼҲûʩչɵ㡣
®ɽޣɽĶҲȻأѹĵǿһĽȻһ뿪ɽȣɽ
һɽڵΪıѹӵļƻԭİͰϳ»֮ͨɽǿǴǰһڹޡ
ԭѹһɣӣǶһˣ书ΪǿʤΪ˴ʱ䣬߱
ѹȴòͬһˡɽڣԹеǵ̬֮һ䣬˷ܷĶ
Ľ̾Ϣֱ仯ϸ΢ĸо֪Ǻ»ǻ¡
ϦȾɽͷĽɽʯͷϦɣҶϢĳ֡
Ļ̌ͷҶƮƮʦܣȵϢˣ
ɽڵģĽһ
ҶףɽЦһλӵɽӳɽڣ
ĽüͷһЦ£
ţɣҶЦһ£Ȼ
Ľ̾Ǻõӳɽڣʲôţɽʮգ
ҶҡҡͷЦ׵ʲôû֪ʦܣҪô
Ľȥһˡ
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Ľһ£ҡҡͷѡ
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ðɡҶͷ̾ʦɽڣûԭҪСģ
Ľʦٸһ߰ɡ
ҶӻͳһСӣݸĽûʣ¼ˣϸŪˣ
ĽЦİʦ㣬ȥˣ
һȣ˴һϢҶŪȥģ׷١
ĽͷԽԽãµȥˣɽѾʰ
ûôסҶҡͷôʰɽҲˣӦһˣȻҲй¶
ĽЦȷʵǸ
Ҷﻺͷѽҹɽһɳ˶ͤӵȷʵ򵥡
ڹ˶ͤӲΪ̫ʹṦҲӳ׷
ӵȫĽṦԼӲģɽڵͽܹôãܸʤԼһ
Ľʦ㣬׼һ£ܹҵһ˵ؼ
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ĽЦʦѧһ֮ûá
֮ҶЦҡͷ㻹
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Ҷҡͷ̾ûֶΣɽڽȥ㲻ɽλ𣿡
Ľ̾Ҳǣ
ҶһҲû취ˡ
Ľ򢣬̾պ˵ɣʦ㾡ѼϢ֪˵ϸ鱨
šҶһۣٶ˵뿪ˡ

ڶ峿ʱ֣Ľ𴲣ҶѾСݣżؼ㣬ֱӵݸĽ
Ľɿ֣ӹؼ㣬˼̧ۣͷЦʦ㣬ǵĶĿͦġ
Ҷǵԣֲ£Ŀġ
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Լµã֣Ӵϵļһٺйϸ𣬻߱ģ֮һнпܡ
ʦܣҪߣҶ￴Ľ齣ʵ
Ľͷ²˳٣ʦ㣬϶
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ԸˣҶҡҡͷһμ˶ͤӣȴƫƫҪһŪԼˣӲ
֮͵ӷԣҪʶһ¶ԷֶߣʱͶ书ǿ
Ľּżһ꣬ʱΪĩ𳤽ͷİߣҶæݣһֱ͵ɽ¡

ĽμĺԭûߵС֣˲ٵָ֡
ûųȵϵľ¥Ҹط£Χǵ˵һϢ
һ䴰λϧռˣֻһ䣬ǹЦϲ
䶯˶һһÿһ˵Ļһʱֻ˵
һһʮȻֶһ£ȡһ
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Ͳ֪ˡϸش𣺡ɽƴ֣ʹҲһǴ
ֺõĵֻҪܴǲûӣ
Ǯʹĥӿɲãһº̾ǰ֪֣٣Ըɽ˵
ϸ𣺡ɽڵ˵϶Լ׷𣿣
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ϸʣʲôط
ºٺĵؽ磡
ٺ󣡡ϸȻæϴ˵ǼһҪٺ󣿣
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º𣺡ϴ˵ǣ룬ù𣿲һã
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˵ǻǿ֣ˮº̾Ľɨһۣ˵֮еȣòƽҺʵ
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ϴ󣬼Ȼ϶ô˵ˣǾ˰ɡϸ
ˣϴ̾˿
Ľߣ΢Цŵͷ
˶ʱһĽ˫۾â䣬ɷתͷͻſʱ˹
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ٺ󣿣һϵɷɢȥ
Ľǰ϶òҺ˱ȭЦԭٺĸͽһᣬµ˷ӷֵܡ
ӢɣĽͷ΢Ц¾λһ˵Σ
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Ľüͷһ£ҡͷ̾ΪӢΪѵģڿ
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šһֱʨǱ۵Ĵ󺺳ȷʵ֪֣ӴһЩϢ
ĽЦ˵м
ʨǱ۵󺺳ðɣǲ͵ãҪ϶뿪
ϴ󣡡Һæ
ʨǱһ֣϶˰ɣҲظˣ֪ʲô˵ʲô֣Ӵһ˺ϧѾʮǰˣ̫࣡
Ľü֪ס
˳ջԱһֱ˵ŲˣҲϸ
Ľͷ¶Цݣлλǰǡ
˵ձһȭƮƮ¥˾¥ֱȥ˳ջ
С򲻴ת۹˳ջȻʮǰһλ֣סȻһ֣Ӵϵò
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ĽСȻҵ˼ͷ¶Цݡ
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⼸ͷָһ㣬ֱָλãĽܹĸоǵ˺ߣһֻСֱӳȥ
СƮƮںϼӣ֪аȥѾǰʱ֣Ϧ£ѴȾ˽ɫ಻ĽС
ĽվСͷĳ棬Ϊ֮һããԵĴֻؼֻʣԼһ캣Ϊһ塣
֮ʣɫȻ΢䣬պȻӿƣס˱ϦȾգ罥
˺ꡣ
Ľվڴͷεҡҡͷţֻɿ䵽ϣС໯ûơ

СڱдУһ֧֮ĽƾŸӦԦСƱ谭
СԼһӣǰȻһһʧһƬأŤͷһƣǱ꣬ȴǷϦ޺á
Ľһ壬ʱ顱һָ˸ɾˬǰˮһ±ɡ
С䣬һҹɫʱԶԶһֻСͣڴϣź
Ľ¶һ˿Цݣ֮۴򿪣һ¿˴ϥŵ꣬׳ʵ壬ӽüĿӢ֮Уһֻʨӡ
üЩ㲣۵Ϣ߷һˮһǰż
Ľüͷû뵽ȫѹʮ죬֣ӴϲߵȻǱͼƾֱ϶˾֣Ӵϡ
СǱȥܿ쿿֣Ӵϣ۾˫һĨâĽ
Ľڴͷ֣Ӵϣҡҡͷ
֣ӴϵǺˣ
Ľ֣Ӵϣ
֣Ӵϻͷǰɽڵģ
Ľҡͷѹ޼ɡ
ѹ֣Ӵ룬ǰһӵѹ
Ľͷǹ˶ͤǰѹ
Ǹ˹˶ͤ޼ɣ֣ӴȻ㲻ô
ĽЦЦ˶ͤû
û뵽㲻ûúúõģ֣ӴϴĽۣͷܽӵסħʲô
Ľ˵ɽڵš
֣Ӵϳ֪ɽڵţ
ĽЦЦ֪֪˰սԸɽڣȻ취ȥɽڵ书
Ҳύ㡣֣Ӵҡͷ
ĽЦֵ֣ʲôãѲΪͶ״ٺ󣿡
֣ӴϺߵ
ĽҡͷЦҿֵ֣ܻİɣٺ󲻻ֵ֣ܣʹҲȨٰ֮ˡ
ΪΣ֣Ӵü
Ľֵ֣ԭٺӣ
ǡ֣Ӵϳһ£ͷ
Ľһֱ֪ͨ˵ѣȴһЦٺӵĻǵð죬ٺӵĻܷ㣿
֣Ӵɫ粻ȭȭף
Ľüͷһ£Цȭ
ɽʮһȭ֣ӴϺߵٺ󲻽ң
ĽѵɽڣѲٺ󣿡
зִ磡֣Ӵɫ޼ɣѧȭ
ĽЦ
ʲôô֣ӴЦɽгûʲôϵÿɣ
ĽѧȭպԸɽڣɡ
ʹݣ֣ӴϺߵ֪㽣ãϧûнţ㻹߰ɣ
ֵ֣ܲ룿ĽЦЦ
֣ӴϿĲ⣬ЦôӲ
ĽЦЦʥڵĽܳӣ
ʥڣ֣Ӵü˵ʲôǣ
˵СȥĽСȥУĽЦʥںøֶΣ
֣Ӵ
ĽЦʥڽܳӣͽɽڣȻٽٺ󣬵ɾѧ
°ʥڵֶΣȻаһڡ
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ĽЦһȻ򣡡˵ʥһħ֪Ǻ
ӡ֣Ӵϵϧû޼ɣϧᣬȴ̫ˣ
ĽЦֵ֣ɱڣ
֣ӴϵͷСͣ£ĽĴͣ£Զʱһ
ĽЦЦҡͷƾֵ֣ܵĹɱҡ
Ϊܵס˶ͤħܵסң֣ӴЦЦҡͷ߯Сʥڵˣ
ĽЦǵҪһ롪
ߣ֣ӴһΪӰһµĽһâĽ󱳡
Ľһʧԭأϵһ֣Ӵ϶һͣؿһâȻһѪ
Ťͷɴ˫ŵĶĽĵĶ˶죬ȴûܷȥ
Ľ̾˿֣ӴǸҴ⣬ֱӶһɱлȥš
Ƭ̣֣ӴϢɢǰýֽһʱ¶Цݡ
Ȼһţּׯʵдšȭ֣Ƕʮҳ
ĽֱӷˣӡԺȻϸϸ˼һͷȭģʵһּȭǻתǣջΪȭ
ԽԽȭĸͰԵ֮һȭûܵסһȭߣһߣסȭ
Ľü룬ȭˣҲѣҪʹҪĵǿȭҲȭ


43 ջ
ĽվڴͷȭİҪȭɲףԼǿᣬɵϣ
Ľû񾭵ĻҲ͸ȭİ񾭣Զ뾫Ľϼ죬ܿ͸ȭİڡ
ȭĺȭ⣬ȭɣǾϣ˲֪֮ϣҪԼɣûʮĿ๦ûпܡ
ʹʮĿ๦ûԣûлԵҲǱ룬ĽʦԣȭҲһˡ
ڵµԣȭѣȴɣĽ˼⣬ֻҪ˿๦һ¹ˡ
ȭ辶澫ף̾ѣȭ֮˵йĪ֮ǻۣ̾硣
ȭȻŤͷһ¶һ˿΢ЦԶƮһֻС
С֮ת۹ǰͷվһӣԼжʮ꣬üĿĽЦݸʢȴһˡ
㣬ۺü
°Խп࣬û뵽ĽĽ书Ϊɵ֪ʤ
Ľ΢Цȭƹӣּˣδ꣡
ӣߵ
ĽЦеĵһɽڵͽ
ǰɽ׷ɱͽģüߵɨһһֻС֣Ӵϵʬס
֪ĽǵĽ飬µĽɽһģȻǰɽڵġ
Ľͷǰɽ׷ɱͽģ
֣ģһָһֻС
ĽЦǡ
һߵѾ׽ˡ
ĽЦЦɽڵͽƹ׽ѲɽٺϵȻˣҪɽڵæ
˵֮䲻ͣɶͽһ
ĽЦҡҡͷƹӺα˵ùûʣ˭֪֣ɽڵţ
ɫ΢䣬üҲ֪Ϣ
ĽЦȻҺαˮ
õţæʡ
Ľͷǡ
ʲôţæʡ
ĽЦơ
üߵƣ
ĽЦŵͷΣƹǲ뿴
Ȼɽڵʮ֮һ˭뿴
ĽҡͷǿɲɣҵҲף㿴Ҳһǲǣ
üһֱܾĽΪ书̫ԶһԼ֮Σ
һܣû±Щ飬ϢӦøԼģһȥǴ鷳ۺȴ޹˼ɵĸԼѲɱģɱԼڣ
뵽Щĺ޼ɵĽʶˣһɱԼġ
ĽЦЦƹӷİɣԶԹ޳ҲΪɽڣûɽڵˣȻض֣
ɿʶĽΪθϢ
ĽЦƹ벻õţ
šȻ
ĽЦЦƹӴҴҶɱ֣ģõϵŰɣɽٺͷܵõʮյţνӹΰ
˿Ľεĵͷˣ
ĽȷʵǸ⣬һܶʮյţصٺһܵͣ˵ܳΪż̳ˣǲǣ
ܡҡͷδţ˭Ҳвģ
ĽЦЦŵ书ǿ
ǡͷ
ĽЦѧ˶أ
ѧƣҲܡҡͷŴ츳ˣԶ
ĽЦеĵΪλҪƴϣ
ûеŵҰģҲܾԼˣٺĽ˭ģ
ĽüͷһЦѲǻҪйףĽ
ͷɽҲʮղκεӶģ
Ľһ£ʵε˾ܿʼҪһĹײʸ
ҡͷ̾ϢдɵĻССɵĺôѹҲŴɣͣҲûأ书Ҳ򵥣ֻҪרͺãʲô书

ⱾøΣ
ĽЦпŻҲ˵
ҧҧҲ֪еǿѣʵҪⱾţ
ĽЦɽڵĹϵɲǳôǺɽڣ
æҡͷҲ߯Сɽˣʮ˵ȥӰ첢ûɽڵĻķʹʮҲûãá
ĽЦЦôһ˵ҵǷˣõƣܸʲôۣܲ˼Ҫȥ˰ɣǮʺϣҵת㡣
棿æ
ĽЦҺαƭ㣿
κ̧ͷõʲô
ĽЦ˹ƽúܣõҲѣһٺĽ׽
ʲôȻɫüëһɷ
һĽЦе۹⣬ɷһɢЦΪˣ
ĽЦЦƹӾΪĻǴ±ˣȨʲôҲû˵ٺĽЩ겻û⴫ɣ
ġҡͷȻɭϣ©ܲ⴫
ĽЦеĵȻˣ˭֪㴫ģ
£Ǿ˰ѱպۺǰ̧ͷˣ
Ľܿ͸˼ЦЦƹӣʵɱ㣬ɱ˺üأɽڵʮպ⴫λᣬǰˣץסᣬһӰ
ɫ粻
Ľ⻰һ»ĿڣȱûѱҲʲôѱ书̫Զɱɱˡ
ץסĽԣ㣬һץһ׼ӵġ
ĽЦЦƹ⣬ʮ֮󵽷ңｻǣ
˵պǺһЦСƮƮȥڻҰﻯΪһСڵ㣬ʧ
ĽƶӦǸҰĵģʹٴˣǿңͻɱǻۣһЩ޴֮١
ǸģȴܾջܵõɽʮյľѧţӴ㹻κһٺ󽣷ˡ
Ʋٺɽûо޴Ĺ;ܵɽʮţ˵ʸ
ĽûȭŽȭ̫ǿ˵ɣȴðա
ȭһ֪һΣգ֮治УԴΪֻԼɣɡ


44 
ʱ֣ĽһҾ¥￴ŴϦ⼸һֱΧмֳȻ֮С
һֱﲢȫΪˣҪǴϢ֣Ӵ֪֮Ǹעɽڵˡ
Ľھ¥ףһ׷ɱͽɽڵĽܣųɽܳĵӡ
ĸоͰƣĽû뵽ôһٮٮߡ
Ľ°Եͷ빬Ҷ·𣬷ŵȷʵǶĸˣΪ˳ɾͣȷʵܳƵӢܡ
ûƼ棬Ҳ鷳òɽڵˣһԭúøɽڵˣֻܸıˣùɽȴƣʲôͻ
һֱ᲻ӦܲܵסջһܵסջԼ̻ˡ
ҰĺܴĽǵֲסջģʲôԵ˼Լֻˡ
һЩ£һӦɽڣѹһֱɽﲻʹԼĽǸͷȥʿĪĴ
Ϊӣüʵ˵ǵʲôɾ͡
ϧɽ̫ǿԼû޵еĵزʹ޵УɽҲ˵ʰʰģ̫
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ȡһ£ŪûǻҪӦԣСССģһǣѹʹˡ
ؼħʥڵħӡǣҪȡüܣΪֹһĪչΨһľǿʵ书ԽԽǿȻԽԽڵʵȥıħ֮٣ȡ·
ǴʦĽأʦҪСģ˵ıʲôҪСɱ֮Լ书һ̶Ȳħ¡
룬ҡҡͷ绹ǺΣգҪС⣬ΪûţĴҲ¿񵶣ûз£ʹ书ˣһѲ˵Ҳɱһָ֡

˼֮ʣߺȻһͯλү
ĽŤͷȥһüĿС߰ģ鶯ɰһ˫۾Ľ
ĽЦŵͷСҪ˭ѽ
ۺඣСͷ
Ľͷǣۺ
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ĽֽӹЦеʣСã˭ţ
һλÿĴ硣СЦ
ĽǴŸһ
СͷĽͷѽһλÿ
ĽЦͷѽÿ㻹ʲôô
СҡҡͷǴҰæŸ㣬ء
ĽʧЦӻͳһСӵݹȥȥǣòð
СʱüЦһѽӹˣлӣ
Ľڰ֣úȥɣҴһǣ
ҲŲҪأŲǣСƲһ죬Ӻߵ
ĽŹ龫ֵСϲȴûж˵İڰ֣Ȼ˺ŷ⣬뿴ʲô
ֻм֣һַҡͷЦЦһӸСȻƵȥ
֪ɽĽǵ˷һƣһ룬ǲΪĽܶڵĻܻ¶
Ϣǰ֪ͨѹܰȻһΣգ˶ͤĵ̫
ǰ֪ĻûܳߣԼ˶ܴͤ˵֮Σ
ƼϲָмΣա
һЩһ˷򣬳ϱһƬֶȥǰʱϦȾ֡

ǰʱȻͣסü֣оΣգȻǰߡ
üһҡͷ̾û뵽Ҫһɣ
ΧûжĽЦЦҡͷΪթأʮˣǿң
ǺùֳİƣЦʮˡ
Ľҡͷοˣ
ɫ࣬ӣǷ뿪ֻҪŲҪ
ĽҪҿðɣһҽţǱɱֵֶ֣˭ᣬɣ
üӣٺʲôˣ˵һԾŶʳԣ
ĽҡͷЦα˵ЩûʵģⲻʳԶʲô
ҿûӦ㰡ЦЦֻ˵һ£ȴûӦǲǣ
ĽüͷһЦͷû뵽мͷԣԭһԸңûг⣡
ߣûŶԣۺϻ˵ɣʱ䣬㻹аֲɣ
Ľҡͷûаֻ֣ŪΪ
Ҳ˰ɣҡͷ˵ʵұѡνƥҪ־͹ãƫƫǶ
Ľ̾˿ҡͷһսˣҪɱҶŰɣ
㽻Ҳʡ£ɱ㣡
ĽҡͷҼȻţٻţ
̫ˣɽڵŲǿģķɣŲǷֽ
ĽҪ˵ȻһʦܣαظϻֱӶ˾ǣ
ĽüͷһŤͷ֣һఫ׳꺺ӻϻ޷Զʾ˲׵Ϊ
Ľһۣͷ׼ˣΧɱңƵң
书úܲס˶࣬ʮһˣ򲻹ģαط¶
ĽҡҡͷЦ򲻹ҲҪɽʮյóȥǷϻض˵Ƕֿɣ

⻰ˬСӵǸʵˣϧˣ´ĽҡͷЦʦܣ˼Һεǣ
ԿЦɫʦ֣ǱƲѣ治ɱˣ
ֲˣαؽЩһ֣ٺЦ֪㲻ɱˣһﲻ֪ȤʲôӣֻɱҪԹҲֻԹʶʶʱ񣬹ֲͷϣ
¶Цݣʦ
꺺бһۣҡͷѽǸαӣ
ЦЦʦ֣ۺʲôˣ̫ƻһЩܲɱͲɱɣ
꺺ӲȻŭһģ˵Сܱܲīˣ̵ģ㲻ɱɱ
˵ղȻ˵佣һ͵ĴĽ
Ľҡͷ̾˿ûˣ
˵أЦеĵ
Ľ̾ҲʵڲɱˣڸıĻǵĻЧ
Щ΢ЦôǾͿıˣܵסǾô죡
Ľһ߶ſĽһҡͷ̾ǲײĲᰡôɱˣҲֻܲˣ
⻰һ䣬͵һ˿һ£顱һ죬꺺ӷ
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ĽҡͷͦʧģΪٺ󽣷书ʵڲֵһᣬʣµĶҿҲˣ
Ʒɫ䣬üĽ
֪Ľȴû뵽һͻأȻлȻ֮Уûһ˿
ĽЦеĵǶƣָ̣
˶ƣߵ꺺ߣ̽һ£ɫһȻƮƮһƾ

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Ȼʮգߵ
ĽһƶһƶƷؼᾢǾúܣҵķϣûʲô򡣡
ۺúݵֶΣ
Ľҡҡͷ˴˱˴ˣ书ҲɱˣﻹоŸҪ𣿡
ȻˣǾͿ汾°ɣЦʦ֣һϰɣ
һ漴һƮ֣ϴ˵ģźܸɾ˳ÿ㣬ȴЩޱ߷ҡͷҵƢһӵˣˣ
ͷʦ֣ʦûˣҪɱ˶ţ
û⣡İһ֣Цɱмֱأﶼɣ
£߳ˣˣò죬鶼Į쳣Ľڿһˡ
ĽüЩ˾ǰмֱ£˵öǳ֣֪ٺָֻܵӵģö
һۻƺ˼ЦۺϧҲǳصģ
Ľ̾˿֪ԼСٺ󣬿Ǳסˣٺ˿
˰ڰЦ׹ҲûʲôǻСܣ͵͵ųǷˣһʾ֪㣬Сһﵹмֻ飬뵽⣡ͬʱõŰɣöŹСӣȻɱٺţţ
Ľüһۻԭˣ¶ˣܵסջ󣬻Ǹ߿ˣ
ҡͷ̾˿Ȼû˵滰ûܸ߶ԷԼĽֻʮ˹
һۻȴɫԼЦǸݼ֣ǸҰĲļһ

ĽЦ̴죬Ҳᷢ͵ų
Ʋһ죺ɽڽѵǰǵŶģ˭Ҳ
ĽȻͷɽһε¸˾ӣԵǷˣ
˵ͷСȻһЩûѸĵزֻǹϱƻ󣬴ɱͳڡ
Ľҡͷֻ֪ǸҲ֪ˣ
Сºαظ߸Цһ£ܵţһܸˡ
ĽЦҡͷǸһõɽڵţӶĽɣ
˵ͷɽٺĽ˭
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ҡͷ̾˿ɽܾûˣлԵɽĺֺ֮ɽúܣ˶֪ɽˣǱ
ĽЦЦ˵ô࣬ʲô˼
ûĵҵ˼㽻ǲ㣬ֻҪɽţǾѧɽ
Ľأ
Ǿʹʬ˺ߵ
Ľҡҡͷ˵ʵҴɱ˶ŵͷûϣǾɱҲûá
šüûţ
ĽЦЦҡͷ㣬𣿡
˴һĽЦһ£ûϵǣ㲻˵
ĽЦǵҪǵıˣ
ְɣ˰һ֣ƮΧסĽǡվڰ˸λռ˰λá
Ľ֪û׾ԣҲû󷨣кϻ֮ҲǲףС
ĽΧס뿴ٺĽкܹݺµĽ̫ϧһֱûܼٺ

ϡ˵ͬʱ˸漴ĽĽνʣ಻ĽͣŽ
ųУ뿴Ľı¾ĸزĽȵվԭأֻӽȴܷס˵Ľƣȥ˿ûæ֮С
ĽЦеĴŰ˵ĽƣǽȷʵǽɣҶҷ緶ƫƫʩչǹ潣һˣӲסҪ
˴Ľͷñ£ýСƣ
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ʦ֣治֪ͷЦҵԸɽڵһʱȻ֣Ūҿֶأ֪û뵽ѽ
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治֪æҡͷ˵÷ˣȥһ£ȷʵ÷ˣϧ֪ʦ˭
÷ü룬ڰ֣ˣʲôˣƾһǾУǵβ䵽ϵģһȻˣ治С
ǣʦ֣һţæͷ
˴һۻҡҡͷƾ㣬һҲСӣҿԶԶɣ
ǣʦ֡ɵĵͷ
˴ҡͷСƣҰĲС书ɣֶҲɣԶţһǣ´δˣֱӱȥ㲻ҲѲƤ
ǣʦ֡æͷʦһλᣡ
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˵պȻһʱ˰˵ĽȻһ£ɽһ㣬һնĽǰ
Ľһܹˣײһ˵ػʱײˡ
ԭӽȴûĽ죬̧㱻Ľײɣڿлʮ⣬ײ

Ľһռ˰˵λãһԾ룬ӽȴ谭Ķ֣˻ӽĽʱȴ֪ס˵Ľ
˵ĽҲ˴˲ЭûԭĬĽ⻯ΪһƬ⣬һһס
ɴ۾ŵĵĽ뵽ĽĽһʤû뵽ĽĽ˾ܵסλʦֵΧһǺܴݡ
ֿһˣ죬ԭ鲻ڣɱһĽ
ҡҡͷʦֻ̫ˣۺĽǳ׿ʦ־Ƕ֣ԭۺܲһʮڿȴԼ׵ˣʦ治ɡ
ĽһۻЦһ£ȻǣʱһƬУ˰ϵĳ׷׷˳ȥ
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ã
Сƣü
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ĽЦеĵǻӦұɱ⼸λһɱһҲܲӦ
ɫһĽĽЦſһۣδǲţҪҪһԣ
תĿ⣬ĽһɱǰʦܣȻĺ֮ɱ˲µģԼδطɱҲ档
ߣȴٸĽϾȴг裬û뵽Լʮ˾ʰһˣ
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ĽͷѾɣҲûãһҲ
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ĽһģֻҪԼٺ󽣷ţӺʮˣú

ĽĶһ£һĽܿĵף֪õٺš
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Ľһüëû뵽žȻǾģɹģǵǸȴ汾һ޶ġ
ĽĵͷһһⱾţⱾǡʮԿȡʤѵһľĽ⣬ͷЦý
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ĽЦҡͷⱾʮãϧȴٺĽ԰ɣ
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ĽҡͷЦٺĽҲŴһĿеóⱾɲУ
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ĽЦЦ뿴һٺĽкθΪδﶼ˵ٺĽ޵С
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Ҫɱǣüҡͷ
ĽЦеҡͷҲɱǣֻסԣʱŽȥٷǻȥ
һԥˣ˿ǡ


45 
ĽЦǿһʶķϲŰæȻĻֱģ޼ƿʩԲԣ
⵹Ҳǡͷ
ĽİɣҲɱء
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ĽЦٺϾŴɣܰǵһʹ׷ĻҿûôˣûУ
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ҪඣҪģĽЦ
ͷԵ񱨣ʦ֣ʦ֣ˡҵˣ
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ĽʣЦЦ

㽣ɫ΢䣬ǰһӦս˷ռϷ磬ûһø𺳡
ʦܵĽѷκһˣȻû߳һУ˾޴Ĳ𶯡
ĽɨһˣЦеĵδôһɢһ˷ǲǣ
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ĽҡͷҲûʲô취ȷʵһӦʮֻסһȻɱ
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Ľ뿴ǲ˵ѣĽȴϿҵĿžﻰ
΢Ǹ侲ķӣ侲ʲô¶ó
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ĽҡͷЦǻдһ½ɣٺĽϧòδǱȻȻ
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ĽǰϬڵģȫȡƣξҲϣ빥Ľơ
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ξһѻ𣬺޲ðĽУɱУ˰еĸ֣ɷأĽȴϻһĽĽб㱻ڻ˿û

ףڶ֮ʣкȻһ졣
˭˱֣Ľɨһۣڵķأǳûӵ֪ǲܡ
ǲܣһй˼ɣԼֱȥٺͱߣҲɱ˵˼һֱһᡣ
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ĽЦЦðҵǣһٺĽأ
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εĿԵ̫ĪտߣͱΧסǸ书׿佣һӵϣǸûסС

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Щ˼һֱľʱȻڣԶ߽ǰ
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Īҵʦܣ˵䣡лʦܣʦ˵ҲˣӵΪȷʵǸһأûȤ


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ĪҵԶʬףɫѿ


48 پ
ǽʮˣȴ糱ˮӿת۰ΧĽǣ˱ߣ̽Ȼҡҡͷ
׻ˣɭɭĽǡ
ΣĿ볤һ𻺻ƶָÿһˡ
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Īҵ̾ĸҲס˵ʵ˵ģ絽Ļ类ս
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50 ͵
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ĽһֱɽסɽﻹԺӣСԺ򵥣ԭСԺȣȴҲɾġ
صСԺֱӱչأʼйķǹϢ¿๦
Ϣȡһһֻڹ꣬һʯͷ磬滯Ϊһʯͷ
ĹϢҲڱϢϢªö࣬΢ɵơ
ԭĹϢҲϢȴЧޣסΪԼģסΪߵġ
ϵĹϢȴȻ֮󣬲Ϊ͵ķֲˣߵҲɣ滯Ϊһʯͷ
ټĽĿٹԭľˣټϹϢ֮Чǿ
ĽɹϢ֮һΣҶķûĴڣϢ뿪ˣ֪Լ
ҶΪܲǿԶԼֱӦȴԶһˣⲢ书Ϊ츳ҶܳΪǽҡ
Ľ϶ȻùҶһҲˡ
ʱ֣ĽųҶҶָ׽Ҫϸָ㣬ĽŽż򵥣ʩչȴװջ
ĽֺҶ֣˽˴ĽЦʦ㣬һԷɡ
չˣҶĽˮ
ĽЦţСɡ
ʲô£Ҷʡ
ĽЦʦ㣬죬ȥһˡ
ҶﾲĽЦȥһɽڡ
Ҷüɽڣɵ£
ĽЦеҡͷʦˣֻݷһ£ûдɽڵ˼
ҶﻺûͷԷȣɽڵ̺ԶܹԿġ
ĽЦ׵ġ
Ҷ۾κŵͷȥɡ

ʱ֣һڵʱĽԼСԺȻһʧһʱһ޹ӣƮŨϢ
ĽϢٹϢһͬʩչ·һӰӣܵӰ
Ľһۣ֮һ¥С¥λһ롣
¥һʮĸſÿ¥ĸʮĸϢԨ纣
Ľ֮۴һʮĸ֮ʱϨ𣬵ϵϢȴΪ¡
ǿϢһ˸ӦĽ֮۹£ټֱӦǵĿ¡
ĽƣЩϼһܶˣΪһ֪³̶ȣɽ̼ĴɣеרѧõĳɾͼΪˣȴƫƫĬĬš
ֵȥۣ˹ؼʱȴܶ粨Ǵɵĵ̣һõ˷ʳǣܹרע
һӳҪķѼ󣬾ѧһһû̫ͽܣÿһӶҪ壬ȴܹͬ壬һؼʱЩӶᷢӳĿĹ
ĽӦһʮĸߵΪһԽСˣٹϢתи˺ʯͷ졣
Щſʼţһ¥ǾӴĵط䡣
㿪ʼţһڷţţȻ𾴣˶飬һܹӵС
Ľ̾ѹĲ࣬Զһһŵܰһ𣬼Ӿ
ĽԼţһ¥һٸһʮһʮţǺţ䶰ˡ
Ĳ鲻ܶ书ţܻһЩ飬ǿź棬ûжֻǾĹơ
ʱţվһӰܣ֮۸Сһ
սСϵǿʼϴģģжʮˣˡ
ǿʼˮ͵¥ǰ棬ȴ¥Ȼ¥ʮĸ¥¥ǰϴ
Ľüʮĸ־Ȼǲ߲ݣһû˯ɽڿ湻ġ
ʮĸΪɲ⣬һֱ˯ҲһõǵϢ˯۾˯ţʹǸҲɡ
ϴȻǳԷʮĸ߸Լķ¥ϳԡ
ĽƶӲ䶯ԾƣΧһһ
ǳԹֻСƮƮʮĸߣǰʮĸ߽¥
ĽԵͷֲǾӣȷʵֵأɽɳֹʮ˸
Ĵڳϼۣ⣬Ʊˡ
Ľ֣̾ѣǴֱʣֹˣܹ˵ֽдֵػ󣬾һܹ߱
ʮĸ½¥Ȼһܿ죬СȴǼӣ飬Ȼֽ顣
ĽЦЦ˺ͼݣÿһһϸ񣬵Щ˶˶¥¥һֱûˡ
һ죬ʱ֣һֻСƮƮһˣĽüͷһȴˣơ
ĽûһƬԼϣʵڲΪѣԶɽһֱı
ǰɽٺսѧٺ书ɽ书Ȼʩչ书ɵӣٺ󽣷ɱɽڵӣɱٺӣɱˣȻɴս
Ϊƣ⣬ɱˡ

һϮƮƮ¥󣬾ֱһ¥뼸˵ӻͳһֻεĺƵݸһߡ
ϸ˺ƣͷݻƣȻ¥ƽ֮һǰͣסȻϸϸ
Ľڰ㣬ԶٹϢת˲¶˿Ϣƾ۾ķš
һֱϣˣƲİŷŻԭλƮƮ¥뼸߸ȻصСϣСƮƮ뿪ˡ
뿪ʱɫѾȫһ¸ɫĽȻʧ
ܶ϶¥ľڣ¥ŲһܿģΪǺơ
ɽڵĽ֮һһ´󹦣Բлţһǲɵġ
ĽЦЦЩԽ۲ȴסûҶһֱʮĸ߹ȴһˡ
Ľ⣬ɽڹȻ¥˶֣ɼĳ̶ȣ³ġ
һֱ¥һһֱڶ峿ʱ֣һʮ߹滤
ĽɿһʶģĵһʮߣǶЪϢˣ
Ľ֮ƶʧصԼСԺ
صԼСԺ룬ȻȻԵõĳСԺɽɽȫŮӣʦֶ˹ȡ
ǶвסĽĽɽȥ°ԼƳ
һ·ŮЦĽЦдкһ·ϲͣĻʦ㣬СԺ䳡һ˶ʮʦ㡣
ҶûᣬָĽһԹƣȴû˵
ιҶкĽ
ҶУд轣ɡ
ĽЦŵͷҲãһμ˼·дһҲá
ٺòҶ¶һĨЦݡ
ĽĽ򵥣ѧܿ죬봿죬ҪʵսĽĽ㲫ò

֮Ľٴʱֳ¥ڣһжûб仯Ľ֮۸һٹϢϣûһ˿Ϣ
Ľһֱû뿴ûصĴ֣ɽǧɣûصĶ֡
¥νһ֮ڣʧɽڵľһﲻ
Ľʮĸɲ⣬ԲҴ⣬Ϊʮˡ
һһǷ÷ûģһֱڲģûŶȾһϸ۲졣
һ۲Ǽ죬һΣڼʦǴ񫣬ĽĽҲظۻңĽ½飬Ҳܶǡ
Ľ½ĺгһ㣬ȴĽһƬģĶ֣ܱĽǵӦ֮ǡ
Ľһֱ۲Σ˵Σڲ̡
賿ʱ֣Сϵ𴲣ʼĽһǰһţٿһʧԼСԺ
ɫûȫҲƣֱСԺʯϷܿϵ֡
ȫע֮£ŷúܿ죬һգ۹ˣȻţ۾һٷţ˼ҳһʧų¥
ĽţϢİ黹ȥֽӳһȻʧһֳٰ֣Żȥ
Ľֻȿ˵¥Ŷһ飬
һص¥һźʧסٻȥٳһٻȥ
ֱʮ˻ֵĽͣסȻԼϣʼӡԺš
һ峿ʱ֣һıţĽһܿø࣬ҺϸڿԸĽ
ؼǺû˲ԼĴڣķӡ

ļ죬Ľʼæµÿ͵ţʱıʱ屾ȻϵϢ
Ҷ￴͵кջǷĽˣ̾Ͳ̰ɡ
ĽһֱĥԼţȥߴ澫Ҫ̽ɽ书֮ϣҵ
ĽҪһŽȭƷרſɽڵ书һѹ߾ü
ʹѹʵûɽڻ񣬵ѹĵӲɽڣרſǣܱ֮
ҪһȴףĽ͵¥ţһһʵԼĿꡣ
˵ƻһ˿Ǹ⣬ŻɽڣȻΪƣһԭ¥
˸Ӧֻƾ˾ƿֱӵߣһǷ¥ڱϣĽӦֱӱܿˡ


51 
峿ʱ֣ĽɽʯɣƮǰƲݣһ΢
ҶʱıⷬΡ
ûĽ֪⽵ϧΪŮ
ڵĳϼӳ¹ڣȻһã°빦ԶʤǰҲ죬ظޱķ
ʱϼ죬ֻܼʱͬնٸķòʧ
Ľ֪ҶȴûֹͣעһǳɣǰڱǰЩǾֻҪɽ壬ͻ뵤ΪΪá
һ˿һƵֱ̫һˣŻ뵣ջָ
ĽŤͷҶƮƮӣԼЦʦ㣬ôˣ
ڱչأûĻţôȻǷ˴£飬ʲô¡
ʦܣˡҶü
Ľһæزأ
ǾȻˣ书Ҷҡͷ̾
Ľɫ䣬˭
Ҷ￴һ£Ľæϵõģ
ʦܡҶ̾
Ľɫһʦ֣
Ҷͷţģûüʱ㱣סˣ˵̫ʹӺ˹ͷҲɣýˡ
ĽһֻҪھͺãʲô˸ɵģ
ʥڵˡҶ
Ľʦǵʥڵӣ
Ҷҡͷ·ƽʥڵΪ񣬳Լȥˡ
Ľʦ㣬ô£
Ҷȥʱ˻˽飬Ҳñ˴иӦϾ̫٣Ҳ޳ôʦ־ḻԵһˣλɽ֮ʣڰ·һʥڵף˽죬Ҵ˻
Ľü죿
ţ˵ÿһն˷ʤҶס
Ľŵͷʥڵѧһ·ûɣ
жöԲǿҶ
Ľʥڵӣ
Ҷ
Ľߵñʦ㣬ɣ
㲻Ҫȥ𣿡Ҷ
ĽҡͷȰ½ˣȿʦȥ
鲻ãúÿһ¡Ҷ
Ľ̾˿ͷҾΪɡ

Ľɽȣ͵СԺ׳ʯԣһ΢֮⣬һ˲١
Ľҡҡͷ£ãȻŤͷĽ¶һ˿ЦСʦܣ֪ˣ
Ľͷʦˣôʦ־þɥɣ
ҡͷЦ˵еϦû뵽ǹ֮ʣȴﲻæˣ
ĽЦǹûôԴʦûÿ԰ĹӣǴʦϲ𣿡
ҡͷ̾ϲӣǱεһЩ£ٺúϢڡ
Ľʦ֣ʥڵӣ
ţͲû뵽ıƵһӻˮͺһɫ
Ľʦֱǰˣ
ǿʼʱװ书ǿһһжֻܷ˽ⶾɢܻ͵
Ľûɣ
ܲͺߵȦڰ˦ģﲻй¶ȥġ
ĽЦЦǵԸûԶ
ЦСʦҪ֣
ߣĽ
һӣЦãʹ죬һˣ
ĽЦŵͷʦֳڶʥڵ鷳
ʥڣæֵʥǲɽѾʥڣûˣ
Űײǰܶ
Ľһ֣ͷʦ֣ҿҲͦġ
ɰɡЦСʱÿӣݺݾһҸĳ֡
Ľ⵹ʡ£ʦֽɡ
ֱϾǲҡҡͷ
ĽЦǴʦ𣿡
ҡͷģ
ĽˣľͶ໨ݺݵ֣˵ɾͱָֽ˷ʤơ
Ը˰ɡͿЦһɾ
ĽʦʹˣֻҪºģһֽҵĽ䲻µһȱ˲ʦ˾ݺ£
ãҾСʦܵģֽͷ˾Ȼһ£

Ľһ뿪ɽȣһһߴܣЦʦ֪
͵ҵߵɽȣǿܻأȥ׳ȥѣ
ĽͷǾͺðˣ
֪˵ĵطΪƼģ˵ˣһôǱߣõϡ
컯֮ĽǸ̾һɽȾһȻƣĽıһ㣬ϱһ
аԶȥԶṦ׵˵Ĺ򣬺ܻܿ
Ԫϡ󷨵ҲȫӣһЩԻ֣һЧˣҲסˣ·һӾ߳
ĽһͣЦЦû˵ʵа취Ӻ͵ֻҪһ֮κá
һֽκ֣һκ֣ɲʲƽ֮йˣɾҲޡ
֣ʶƽһἤƴ˵һɾ͡
ʱҲ٣ʹˣʱ¶Ͽ½ϾˣΪֵֽܵá
ĽţһƬͻףպ˳ɾͷмԼǱΪҪй

칦һǰĽȻһ֣ͣסŤͷĽŻ£ʮ꣬һк룿
ԣͷ˫۾â˸
ˣһڣһ·ʩչṦ죬ʱĽһ˵ˣʱɱӿ
Ľɱʦֶᣡ
ɱˣͺߵɱ˸ɾȻǸ
ĽЦʦֲԱ𣿡
Ͱڰֵˣһ̫գɱ˷ģСʦܣɱǻ᲻к󻼣
Ľ֪˼±ʥ֪ˣʥڿаһڣʵ֮ǿʤɽһûס
ĽЦҪɾ䣬ʲôɽһ˭֪
ҲԡͷЦʥڿɲһɣʲô
ĽʥΣʦǴһʲôʥڣɽڣǽҪǲȽ£
ͿЦСʦҲ߯ˣǣҲ룬ǲ˲ˣ
ĽЦǾĿԴɣ쵽ˣʦһԿţ׼ˣٶ֣
á͵ͷ
Ľǰ·ߣܿһСɽȣէȥΣûţôһСɽȣܲۡ
ĽƮУԼ߳ԶͣסĽָָߣ͵ͷȵһϣĿǱȥ
ĽվߣܿһСɽȣתȦȥȴȦǲɽߡ
ǣĽ
ûһͶݺݵͷ
ĽЦǺãȥʰǡ
Сĵ˺ܽƻġæ
ĽЦǽƻƻûʲôϵõ书
ðɣСʦĽ֪ġЦ

ĽƮƮȻһĨڼӣܿɽȣȻǰνʴ£ľͷ׮һ㣬Ľкֱͦͦĵˡ
ĽսصߣһỊ̃ϢЦˣǻȥɡ
Ľ̾´һĽСʦ⽣ģ
˵ʤĽǰȴȫ޻֮һ
ĽЦҵĽĽһ޶ؼǿ죬о׼Ҫĥ
ҡͷ˵Ƕͦģʱãȴ㡣
ĽЦҡͷ츳һЩͲƽģ¸ұȣһҼսҲǸ츳֮ΪǴ˸ƽ֣
Сʦܣ˵ѽȻЦսʥڵһӣ㾹ܸƽ֣
ĽЦҲ츳ˣʱ̣Ϊٹһӣ˵ʤ
ļٵģսͻЩš
УսǴ˵еᣬΪʤһĸ֣ν죬Ϊʥڵĵӣһء
ʥаһڣӴȴмأɽĵӲ࣬ÿһݺᣬǶĸ֡
Щ˵Уսҫۣ˲ֱӣĽսƽ֣ʵš
ĽЦʦ֣սҲˡ
ŵҡҡͷСʦܣһС㣬սֵĻǿ˲ã
ĽʦֻҪֽʤҵģ
˵˵ȥΪ͵ģоͷֽ̿Ҳ˵Щ
㴴Ľôʤ㣡ЦŰڰֻ֣ҪıҲԱˣ
ĽЦǵδأʤʦֽõĻʤһ
ãСʦܷİɣһƴֽͷ
ĽЦҾ͵ȴʦֵĺϢ
Ʈߣ͵Сʦܣʲô󻼰ɣ
ĽЦҡҡͷʹʥ׷Ҳ׷ǣʦַİɣ
ʥڿ治ǣɽڿ¶ˣ̾
˻صɽʱҶ͵ǻˣˣ
ĽЦСһ׮
ҶʥڵˡǸ鷳
ĽͷʥȷʵܲǾͲǣˣҲˣûʲôˣ
ҶﵭûʥڵֶΡ
ĽʥеǹջҪƾ书ʤʦ㣬һŽɽڵġ
Ҷɽʮգܿƣ
ĽЦɣʮȷʵҪƺѡ
ʮˣҶü
ĽҡͷͨһķƲģֻҪҵǵıԴܿơ
ѡҶҡͷ̾ɽѧô׿ƣҲ᳤ʢ˥ôˡ
ĽЦֻܾΪѹɽڣûͷ֮ա
ðɣԿҶͷ
ҡͷЦЦûж˵ҶһۣĽͷǼ


52 
͵ľȻһ£ָ
͵СʦܣİɣȻݣҪʼͷˣ
ȥɡҶס
ĿӣҶŤͷĽĽЦЦôʦֽԭƲӣ°빦
ƲӣҶüֿһݷҡҡͷһֱûƲӣƽʱһֱõ֡
ĽЦʦֺˣֽʤһ
ϧˡҶҡҡͷ
ĽЦЦ֪һβø
Ҷˣ
Ľȷʵ˵ͦأʥڽ
ҶͷʥѧնѾȣüʱȻ
Ľͷ飬ֱɱǶˣǱɱģǲá
ҶӯӯĿĽѲûˣ
Ľһ£ҶæΣ
ĽͷΡ
ΪβΣҶü
Ľһưɡ
Ҷת˼Ƭ̼ͨҡͷֽסպʦ֪ˣ㲻Ļ㣿
ĽЦͿʦֵˡ
ѽҶҡҡͷֽ
ĽһԴʦʮеӣ϶ó
ԸˡҶǳǳһĨ΢Цէ֣ҡҡͷȻһƬȫ׷ˣ
ĽЦЦ˵컯ɣʦ㣬ҪȥǱţȥǱ߱չذɣ
㵣ʥ׷ҶüָָԺţ˳Ժӣ̤ͨСһһ˵
ĽСʥڣҹһġ
Ҷ̧ͷɨһΧɽȻ䳡Ц֣ԭѹ˼
Ľʦ㣬겻ɽڣʥڣٺҹҲ
Ҷﾲţȷʵĥѡ
Ľʦǲ룬ѵҪѹ
ҶЦһ£ҡҡͷֻ̫ǿʳܣ
ĽüʦαԿࣿ
Ҷ㣬ȻĻѹѾˡ
ĽЦҲҴĻߥʦȥɱɽҲⳡ£
Ҷҡҡͷһֱɱɽ׻ʵãʦܣǵɽڵţ
Ľһ£ͷ
Ҷüɱ
ĽЦҡͷʦˣ㱰ɣ
ͺáҶͷɽڣȴţѵõĺù㣬ĸúϧǣ
ĽЦҲĪģܿҡ
ʹ⣬òƽƽԸ̣ʵûʲôõóֻ֣书һЩҲµһ
Ƶʱһǰۣɣ˵ԼϣҲ֪ôͲ֪סˣһףԽԽԽĺ棬ȻĿƲסԼȥ
ҶЦЦÿ˵۹ⲻͬòƽӢأ
ĽǺЦô
ҶЦ˼Ŵɵĺ֮㣬ǰ;ޣ׷ƣƫƫϲСӣ֮һصúܣ
ĽЦʦ֮ˣ
ûСҶûĵĻӣɽڵţ
ĽЦҡҡͷ˵˵
ҶһۣٶʣЦݣӳϼӳ¹¹򣬿ܸܲĽܸΪ
Ľͷʦ㣬׵ġ
ȥǱ߱չأҪҪһҶʡ
ĽЦͷʦˣһӣȣҲȣñʥڿʲô
ţʥڲСҪСģҶס

ɽɽ壬ĽɽȶڣɽһСݣĽƣɽ׸ߡ
ƽʱСݶ̫䣬ȻϢԺӡš
ȥһɽڵ¥Ϣÿŷ֮󣬶ָԭλлҳҲŪϻҳ
й˵ļ䣬ܹסǰһĻ׼ȷĸλһֱûʲô
һһӡԺȭţֻķ뽣¥̫ʱ䡣
˹ɣܵĹɣ¥Ѿŷãַ࣬һ࣬һƷʡ
ȭȸͬӣ׿һҲͬһܣܿҵǿѧ
ϧܾ⣬ʮյŲѾұ¥Ӱɨţܶ϶ûʮա
ʱ֣ϥСݶϢƣ̧ͷ죬գѾա
ϣůڵѵֵľ磬̫ҡҡͷ²ʮ֮˾ţԼһֱȥɽڣȴԸһ˻Ҫȥġ
ȻҪȥǲģ¶Цݡ
ЦݺȻȥɽһ֣һŮƮƮУ貨΢ˡ
֮۹ƣʱǰŮһϮ£ηƮ֮Կó͹µߡ
Ľһۣжʮ꣬ǰŮһȴٸ֮ң͸ˮҡ
ˮʱ䣬ˣŮ
Ľҡͷһ֪ŮѶԸͨ񿴳־ᶨѺ
ѵҲʥڵĵӣʵڿϧˣ
ʥڵսթʵ书£ټ书ױȾԸ
ʥڵ书Ҳնÿ˵ȴĽŮӣͷ
ƮƮ貨̤ܿɽȣҵ˵ʬףĽɱ֮ԭûᣬǣһأҲԾ⣬Ϊ
ٸɽӰ죬ֱǰĽƶϣʥӦеӱ˴˸Ӧ֮ҲķӦӦĳֶ
Ľü룬ˣϵĶһһ˼һֶȥӦһơ
ǲ涼һƴСƣһһʥ֣ɷơ
뵽ϻè壬Ҷֱһˣû뵽סˣôԶҵõ
ܿ󷨣ƾŸӦҵ˵ķء

ٸվڷǰƬ̣Ҵȿܣ޳üëת¶˼ɫ
ĽţЦЦ֪ܿʲô˸ûü֣㱻Լǵ£ʲôۼҲû
ٸȻͷڿʲôĽ֮һȴԼĽӡ
ҪĻҪǿ첲УҪȫһ˫ӿȪ͸졣
Ϊýķʽû䣬Խ˽ӡһӡҵԼ̫ʵˡ
ٸŽӡ˰ΣȻվתǰڷһ顱һ죬ը
ֳʬףȣɽȵ죬ˬʬ֣ζ
Աһһ֦֦˲ϵƣϸ˿תˣԶԶ˿棬һ˵ɣ䵽¡
ӻ˿ƹס֮һ˿סŵ˿ڡ
Ȼſ£ĽĽӡȻƮߡ
Ľɫ΢䣬Ǹ׷֮ģˣǳԼ˿Ӱ졣
ƵǿһҲܲסӰ죬ɼԶʤһ˵ǿ󣬲С
ĽҡҡͷҿԼСģû׷ɽСľϣŰٸƮƮ
ٸƴȻʵޱȣһת۹СľǰĽͣϾĽ
ĽűȭЦλкιɣ
ٸûܣһһɨ֮峺ˮĿ䵽ϣԼһˣ
Ľͷϲ֪кιɣ·
ٸָָɽȣɿΣ
￴ɽȣվµ׿£һĿȻ˵ɽӸԿ塣
ĽЦʲôΣ
ٸλʦܱ˭ɱ
ĽЦҡҡͷûע⡣
ٸƮǰӯ䵽ݶϣĽǰƮС
ĽԼĽ˿ûн䱸飬ûе⡣
üĿĽϣߵ㣡
ĽЦЦ⻰⣿
ɱλʦܰɣٸ
ĽҡͷĻɱˣ
ٸ㲻ؽƱ磬Ľӡġ
ĽЦ̯̯֣ԩˣðɣ˵ʵȷʵȥ棬Ҳ˱ɱˣֻȥûɱˣ
ûϵٸ
Ľæͷٸ˭ɱģ
ĽæҡͷûǰǺúõģȥˮȣѾˣûˡ
Ůɱɣ
Ľһæпܰ
˵ʲôٸЦλʦܸ鼫ѣɱ
ĽҡͷϣǸǺãδزɱ˵ǵʲôҪȻαɽ֣
ٸüһֱĽ
ĽЦҲǺ׼
һʥڵӣ˵ֱ˾ǣȻӵĵط׵úܡ
ٸϧַɱˡ

ɱˣԲ˵˼·뿪ٸǸ˵ģǹǺ
Խ˵ԽûףٸɲǺúŪģֻŪɳ׾
ٸ˼ĶĽƬ̣۾ɱ
ĽæЦûûУôҲ棬Թȥ˿Ҳûæأ
лˣٸδմ
ĽЦ˵˵Լģ
㡣ٸ
Ľͷ㡭֣
ٸĽЦҽۺ÷ۺ
ۺһüʦ˵㣡
ĽЦʦܣ
սԽϸĴʦܴûԱ˷Ψһһ
ĽЦԭֵܣǴ
ӣλʦɱġ㵭
ĽһæЦ׹ԩˣ
ǰ֣֮к˽һɱλʦܣԭ㣡
ĽЦҡͷ׹ʲôҹȥ
ʦ˵㽣׿Ϊ񣬸ʤһҵҪһ
Ľ˵һ˽ǰӨ׵Ƶؿڡ
Ľֱ棬ŮΣգƷ氤һ˵֮ǡ
ε̾һ͡һСʯüӭСʯӣ顱ɳȥ


53 Ի
Ľһһ빦ƽƽ˳ɣһϣλζ
Ľüͷһ£̾һֵǼж֮ƻľ
ֻӷ飬ĶĽ̾Ȼ鴫ֲʦƳˣΪһ֡
ĽһöСʯӣ΢Ц׹ǻǱˣúһİɡ
Ȼɱ֣Ц
Ľҡͷˣ׹ΪƫƫҪߵϣŶˣ
ʲô˹Űӵ顣
Ľֵܴ򲻹ңҰɣ
㵭ҡͷ˵
ĽһȥֵĺʥĪô԰ɣ
Ϊɱλʦܣ
ĽĬȻ̾һˣ˵ɱģɱİɣʥҺΣ
̵ĿһۣЦһתߡ
Ľָһ͡һХСʯٴһˮܿˡ
ĽЦ׹
ͣһСʯٶ㣬첻Сʯӣʯ֮޿ɱܣһʯӡ
飡
Ľһʧݶڿ˫һӣŮ뻳˵Ľ
Դһ磬һֱûͷһֱţŮ˵ԽС
鶯ãƵӡڡһºˣ˫ŭĽ
ĽЦЦҡͷ׹αسǿ
ƮƮ䵽ϣԾӣ¡
ΣݶͷȻɷ֮⡣
ĽЦǺúһ£ôΣ
ȷңߵ
Ľҷ׹㣬ȥɱңֱɱ㣬鷳أ
еԿ
ĽЦЦҼеɱɱһΣ
Цһȴ˵ɱˣȴǿԼ侲֪ܼŭɳ

Ľ׹һ²⣬˵ɱ֮Ϊβߣƫƫ
ʥڣ
ĽЦҡҡͷ
Цǹˣƾͼơ
ĽҡͷЦֱһ֮Ҳ鲻αطҪŪһ㣡
ɱǣصҲǶ֣Ӻɷҵʦ㾴㣡
ĽЦӺɷ򲻸ҵ׹Ҫ˵ɱˣǾͷҪˣ
ɱģ
Ľ׹οң
еɱңЦ
Ľ̾˿ڰֵ˰ˣô˵ɣ
㷭һüղŲܶ飬ʯŵľŹ֣ĥ
ĽϥţЦȥ˵ɱˣʥкͣ
㵭ܸʦһϳ̣ûκε˰ɣǲǣ
ĽЦʤҡ
ЦôĿһҲӲס
ĽüͷһЦһУ
㵭Ų㣬ʦܽӲסһУ֪ܲܣʰһӣ
ĽЦǵĳ
ÿһλ϶깦Ȼ
Ľмλϣ
ʮλһۣһӲģ
Ľ̾˿ͷаһɣţ
ɱʥڵߣԲðɣ˼ˡ
ĽЦеҡͷҹһˣһûɶģ
鷳ˡ¶ͬɫ̾һûмҲѣܣ
ĽЦģէķḻмֿɼңǺЦ˵˵ȥǲһ·ඣ
üûɱ
ĽЦɱûʲôô
ţ˼˭ɱģΧֻһ˵ĽӡĻ˵Ṧһ˲á
ĽæͷṦһܺõģ룬ҲȥȿˮĹɱˣӰӣṦܲˣ
ͷ˭
ĽЦʥڳ˶಻ʤ¸Ū˭ҿ˵ʲôҲ֪±ûͷûԣ֪Ҳǲǣ
̾һͷ
ĽЦеĴ׹㲻ˣļưɣ㣬ȥң
һ죬£ߵҿɲˣ
ĽͷЦҿ࣬ҲСˣһ뿪ɣ
æʣȥĶ
Ľȥһɽڣһɽ
Ȼ¿ʦ˵ˣɽڵĹϵϴβ㣬ɽڱһѶˣ
ĽЦֵҲ߯ˣôɣɽܲɱ
㵭κβʦܡ
ĽֵṦãɽҲǳصģħ˶ֵ֣ͤ
һ˶ͤɱʦܣ
ĽЦЦҡͷɱɽĽܣɽھ͸ɱʹ֮ӣ
֪һ䡣
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üȻ⻰Ҫʦǰ˵ɣ
Ľҡҡͷãʲô˵ġ
㲻ġҡͷļ£Ѷϼ£
ĽЦЦãл׹ˣԵȣʰһǳ
ͷĽƮľݣ˸˼
һǷԼأΪ㵽ɽھˣ̴죬ô˵£

һ뿪СľݣɽȥṦ죬ȻԵãĽƺҲǶС
ʱһֱϦ£˻ûɽڴɽתƣĺɫΧɽ֡
Ȼͣ£üܣ̤ң֣޾ޱ޼ʵ⡣
ĽЦеĿô׹
ԾҡͷΡ
ĽЦƬɽеаš
֪Ťͷʡ
ĽͷҵԹ·ȥ
͸ѯ֮⣬ĽЦûߴҪͣඣЪһٳɡ
ô£ʡ
ĽЦ̫ߣûָ̫һҪ·ġ
Ҳԡ
ĽҡҡͷɣΧܹŹֵģ׹ȥɡ
һۣƮ䡣
˺ܿһѻĽŪһģֵĲӽʱƮɢŵζ
ɽӺû壬ûõҩĸһҲҪһ
ԣϣƵĨһ֬ģ֮ʣӯӯĲת
ĽԴɫɲֻ֮ͣ⣬ûа
˿𶼲˵ΧǸľͷžȼꡣ
Ľ׹û֣
̧ͷƳһִۣϣڵӡ
ڣĽרڰģ
šף˵
ĽЦʥںأ˶Ūʥڵ׶ٵӣжٸ֡
㶢˵ĽЦ˵ʥַ˾ڣǲǣ
ͷƸİɣ
ĽЦŵͷֵдģһЩʥڵϢ
ţȷʵ־ڡͷ
ļڣĽʣЦɽںҲ֪ľڡ
ҡͷŻأ˵
ĽЦЦʥڻ湻Сĵģⶼ˵
㵭Цһ£˵
Ľһڣڰɣڵһô죿
ޡ
ĽȻЦʥڲаһڣ湻Сĵġ
㵭ڵӲǰ
ĽЦɱڡ
޳üëһ£Ȼͷȷʵֲѹʦһͷ
Ľ̾˿׹ҲҪɱңǲǣ
Ҵ򲻹㡣ҡҡͷ
Ľ򲻹Ҿɱңڵӵֶΰɣ
㵭̫ˣڵл޵ġ
Ľһ£ЦǾͺãʵڲɱ׹㡣
аɱң㵭
Ľ͸һ˿·ɢҡͷЦаֵ壡һɽҰ֮ˣĹа
Ȣƣɽڵӡ
ĽǺЦҡҡͷɽʥҶ⡣
ĽЦպ˭˵׼˵ǻΪأ
㵭Цһ£ҡҡͷ˵ˡ
Գ˸Ȼһҹڶ峿ߣ˳̫ķߣʱ֣߳˴ɽ

Ľֵ
ĽΪ⣬ûʹʲôֶΣҪӭһ籩ķأڵӣֶҲΣܹϢ֪ͨʥڵӣȴûô
Ը̾ԼС̵ס
˷ֿ֮һһֱߵǹ·żȥɽڣһһ߲ԺţһĶõıԽ졣
ƮƮУȻڵĲУϾṦ볣죬ٶȴࡣ
һհʱ֣һϿȣ̧ͷһܣĺõطص죬͸һɷ
Ȼ߳ϿȣûһϿȣͣסŲҡͷ̾˿ڻˡ
һվ·룬еģݲԾһϵ۾
Ϭ罣һ졣
ĽҡҡͷһĽͣΪһֱڽвγ뽣һ
ĽԶʱ갴̤ǰһۺɣ
Ľͷºηʥ
ʥĶţ
Ľü룬ûĶų˵㽣׿̣
ĽЦ׹İɣ
Ķŵͷʦ˵㽣ãаɣ
Ľö˵νЦЦҽ飬ʱѪСˣ
˴˱˴ˣĶųԽûʣȴ˵ĸоǳˡ
Ľһһ಻֮УƮС
ƳУһȥĽĶŸһĽͷؿڵĶЦÿĽ
ĶųʦԲ飡
Ľɱҵİɣ
д轣ѣĶҡͷУ
Ľü⣬ȷʵûоĶŵɱΪʥڵĵӣȻֻд书ɱˣίʵЩ֡
ˣǿ죬Ľи֮ƣؿһܿˡ
һһĿ콣⡣
һʩչһ֪ͨĶŵʲôģԺһ߳ξȫ뽣Уȷʵûɱ⡣
Ľ²⣬֪ô˵ģ˾⣬Ǿ滹
ٿһܿؿһҡҡͷ׿ļӿ죬ó汾£תۼ佻ϰٽ
Ķ˺󣬵ͷؿϵĶҲһǣ
Ľü뿪ܣ㵽׸ʲô


54 
κΧûĽƬ̣Լµһ˼ʵ϶Լ
ΪԼɱҲ飬ȴ˹ֽ̽Ǿˣʥڵǿ󣬲ǡ
ĽվԭЦЦҡҡͷų
ȥɽһ·ϣԺһ飬ǰ棬ֻסû˽⡣
Ժװ˲ٱţʼСģ˺ԽԽϤǴѹһЩţȥԭţ֮ȡ
Сģʱ֣û˹鿴һֱû¥ſһС
һС¥Ĳ֣ʵѷеĻῴһϾȲ
һ߲һ̾ɽΪĴɣǽңÿһŶ΢书
ɽȴοȻʮղһʮյľɼһ㣬ƣȷʵԶ
ƵȽϵĻڻԦõľѧ
˴ԪϡھʢѼԦԪƳĥҲǲ޳ɣҪĿ๦
רעִţûָˣмһžգ˸ע
书Ϊ֣ΪΪ˶ƣ书ˣҲˣҲûˣòʧɽں
Ե󣬸ƽˣȥ޳ɵϣ
˵ɽƣɼɽڵĵ֮˲֮ʢѹ֮һȣˡ
첻ɽڶȥʮʱһ·ˣһСǣһҿջ
հúˣϳ˼ȻԵãȻĽЦ׹
űƿһϮƮȻ

Ľ΢Ц׹﷼ݹ٣ʧԶӭˣ
ˮ´һۣ׵Ӽʦ˰ɣ
ĽֵĽʥڵӣ
ʦֺýɳգרǰľϣʦֵʲãڲ㶥⡣
ĽЦֵܲˡ
ʦܵΪһЩ˵ľ޵ģʦרעΪһЩ
ĽЦЦֵĽ㶥⣿жʤģ
۽ĻûһҲаʮ㵭
ĽüͷǺЦһ
Ӳţ
ĽЦ׹زڿңû뵽ʥڽ֮࣬
ʶһɣ
ĽЦð֮ãҲϲϲʶ֣л׹ˣ
ؿҸʦ˵㽣ãţλȥһչؿһԣ
ĽЦҾ͵ţֱȽ࣡
ʦֿʦֱչؿһ棬ʦֲ˵ѣһ˵
Ľüͷһ£ЦЦЩʦֻ᲻Ҳңǰɣ
šס
ĽЦҵ鷳ˣǲǣ
ЦӲϲʶؿԾˣӷģад书֣
Ľҡͷ̾˿ΩŮСҲȻ飡
Цһ£ӣ㵽ǽۺأ޼ɣ
ĽɫЦЦ׹ôˣʲôۺ޼ɣϴ˰ɣ
ЦҡͷӱװͿˣѾŪˣѹ޼ɣ÷ۺһˡ
Ľü˿̾˿׹βã
һѹΪ̾ѹĳϼɣĳϼ
ĽͷţԵô˹
ֲءͷѹһλϧѹʢҲ˥
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ѹĬĬţ£ϧ˱ڣڷ
Ľɫ΢䣺ǰʥϣ
ףԳϼʧˣѹҲûȥӳ¹ӹ
Ľ˫΢Уüͷ
ڴûѹǲ鷳ᣬĻѹͻҷ𣡡
ĽԽ࣬ѹǶֶѣɽڣʥҲгаû֮ء

ȻЦаһɣŪҵ֡
֮£κΡ
Ľ˸Ц׹Թʵ˰ɡ
㵭΢Ц͸⣬΢Цۺȥɽڣͼıɣ
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Ӻαذ׷ѹѹûʸɽڽ֮𡣡
ĽЦЦΪ
ԸĻȰģѹܱȫѾǽңȥɽڣѹ֮֡
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ɱҰɣ㵭΢Ц
Ľۣ΢Ц׹̫ˣ̫Ů˿ɲϲ
ЦЦӷİɣֻһ֪
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ӣҪҪҸλʦ˵һסǣ
ĽЦл⣬ˡ
΢ЦϲʦǶúܣᷳһ𣬻ʧиô»ѹ
ĽЦô˵ֻܹܽˣ
㵭ԹٰۺŪʵˣѹַ̫һ㣡
ǾͶлˣĽȭǳǿʱԼǸ߿ѹһ汻ɽڲ鷳۵ơ
лˣˡ
Ľ˼ָԼûɱЦðɣˡ
Ұ㵲סʦǣһˡ
ĽЦҸô
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Ľüͷʲôˣ
ɽڵ÷顣㻺˵⼸֡
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һظĽͷһȴĿбӵ˫ûʲô
ģѹԼɱ⣬ȴĽɽڵߡ
ߣĽǲɽڵĵӣ
ǡͷɽһӲ£ֻԲѧΪ׷ĬĬţȴ书
Ľߣ׹
͹ʣ
Ľҡͷﻹǻһɡ
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ĽЦ֪ҸɽڵĹϵɱ÷飬ô죿Ҳ֪÷ǺǻǶ񣬿ߣɱ
㵭һõ
Ľ̫Ϊˣﻹա
Ǿˣ㵭
Ľ̾˿˵ΪҪɱ˵ңһһԡ
ʦϡ
𣿡Ľʡ
ߣΪ书ʲôɵó͸һһݽӽʦ㣬ƭʦ书ɱʦ㡣

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ӦһͷõúãǱӦ
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ĽҾаգ
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ӻͳһĲӵݸĽĽֽӹԼܸо㡣
ͷ
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Ǳɡ
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ͷǣǵһ㣬㹻ˡ
Ľ̾漸Ѩ
㡰šһߴѨһһûʱˡ
ĽЦЦӿȪߴ
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ĽΪһѨԽ㹻ˡ
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÷ӢˣòãһؼԾˣѧ츳׿ʤսһ
ƾԣ֮ҪʤֻнʦƷɽڵĽҲȲٺ󣬹֮Ҳ̫ߡ
ĽЦҡͷ뷨ܵ棬޵УƷܿƽ
һһգƷ鶯ʤƷܿƽˮҪƶԷֻƾӲ¡
˵һ䣺㽣ãϣ
ĽԸ˰ɣƽʱϲʲô
ϲ塣
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ǿƲΪǿж֣Լ´һˡ
ĽЦЦʱȻŲ÷ۺڣ
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ӰһʧڷУĽҡҡͷˡ


55 
Ľ֪ηʥ
ۺĵ˽ǰǰӰһһʵǵͻأ֡
ĽһۣȻƽƽվȺע⣬˫ת֮ʣ۾ɭɭ͸Īζ
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Ľˡҹªˡ
Цһ٣ûŶԣҪ˵ʲôģαֵ֪Ķˡ
Ľһüë΢Цǰרɱ˵ģ
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ĽЦЦΪβɱң
㲻ҪɱˡҲϲɱ˵ģܲɱò
ĽЦǾͶлǰˡ
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Ľǰڵģ
ף㾹֪ڣۡ
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Ľս΢Цãǰ룡
ջسһɨʱƽƵǽǣǰƽ̹
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ĽЦЦҡҡͷӰһس֡

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Ľۺ֪λǡ
㲻֪˭ʦģͷһ֣Ŀⶸ罣̽Ľۡ
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ûй򣡡ԼߣǸߣ
Ľ̾һҡͷɽ°ԵȻ鴫
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56 ɱ
ĽüҲˣһζûãֻȭͷ˵ʵˣԵ·˲书ÿ졣
С⣬ô£ȻһͬʱȥȴƹԲӽˡ
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ĽЦЦƹģ֪⳪һ
ƹİڰ֣Ц˲£ӱ¸һʶ
ĽЦȷʵϲ嶯Ҳˡ
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ʦ壬ûôأʲôǸͷЦ˵仰ˣ
һ֪һףƹĺߵǲֿ˼ˣҪ˼ҸϽߣ
ͷЦٺ٣ʦ壬ĽʦĶ಻ʤҪǰæˣʦܷ˼
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ʦģ˵ɴ۾´Ľڿʲô춯
ĽЦЦȭƹģô˵
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ĽЦŴһۣһʱ䲻ԽöˣüԴ㲡
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꣬ҪǲǣԲɡ

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һȦݴһ㣬˵ɴ۾ţȴƫƫܿڵһþء

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57 
ĽƲڴϣϣҹɫʣΧĴ߶ŵ֡
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ƵһüЦӽ߬ڻ̯ߵǮˣҪһ۵ġ
ĽЦѵϲ߰ɡ
һ𣬻ϲǰߣʱһ»
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һֱվСԺſ˵˵ЦЦ֪һʱ˲žѣŤͷһƣȴƹŵƹ
ʦ壡糺
ƹЦеĵƣɫϽ˯ûĻʦ֪ʲôأ
ˣæҪ˯ʦ壬ôû˯
ƹЦϰˣ˯ǰһȦ
Ŷȥ˯ƵͷĶĽ˵Ŀ⽺һԷֿ
ƹҡҡͷ̾һŤͷתȥˡ
ĽЦ磺ƣȥɣҲȥˡ
ţǴҲ˯ɡƲĵͷ

ڶ峿ĽǱѣû붨ֱӵ˯ˣмŮȻ
ƣĽͷȣԺţһϮӻӯӯվ⣬ӱӳð覡
磬ˣŹ⣬ϲʵ
һо˺ܾãէĽ˵ĻϲۣôҲ
ĽЦأҪˣ
ȥԷȻͳƵ
Ľҿһۣأ
ˣƵ
ĽЦһ£Ͼͺã
ƱһЦЩ죬˴ߣʵ뵥Ľһ𣬲һţĽһЦ֪Լ˼ˡ
ʦ˵ŮҪ֣̫ˣҪһһԴţԼҪˡ
Ľתݣϴһһ԰æëæˮСϱĽӿ
Ľܿϴã˳СԺֱһС̯Թ뿪óǡ
ķóȷʵ֣峿ʱ֣壬Ǻûѹİ
˳˳֮ߣɽһֱϣȻΧде֣Щǰִָ֣ͬһ֪˺ּܶ꣬ƮϢҲһ͸һԶϢ
Ľ֮۴򿪣øԶһЩɽ࣬Ȼڣȴɢɷ
ĽȻЩÿһͷһλ֣治С
Ťͷ磬òҪ˹޳Ҫңǲҧ˵ġ
ĽͷЦȻ
ѹǰ컹ãһϣʵǣʦ˵ϣǱȰıУ˵øϽܣܲӵͿˡ
ĽЦ˵Ҳǣ
СһЩûġƵ

ĽߣĽ֮۸ǵһǧ׸ߵĴɽɽ½ͣģ졣
֪˵ɽʯСߣȻǰһƽһƬཨԾΧƣһƬ·ƯڿС
˲ŷ֣һƬֺܻ֮꣬۸ӣһһɽס
ȻһգʯСһһûʵĴլǰ
ʦһվںǰһ
Ľ棬ɽھûлûпصģһɽһ㣬
ͭĴָСŻҲǻƲӲӵģǻƽģɷǳ
š֨һһ欣̬ٸվڴڣҴһ˿ɷ
ʦǰ
ٸߵѾͷ㻹֪
ƽЦһæʦۺ磡
Ľ֪ǰλʦˣȭ΢Цǰ
ۺ´ۣͷãͷģ˵ɣ
ɡЦ磬ʦϲף͸Լһˣ
ѾͷܸԼһ𣿣ûĵ
ĽЦЦţۡһŹˣǰһֱȽ˴
ﲼõܰţɿƷζҾ߶°ɫϰŻƿƿżҰ
ܰһϣĴһۣ˲յȻԱߡ
Ľϣ΢ЦԳӵĿ⡣

һڲ裬յ£ĵʣˣ
ĽЦʮˣǰҶٰɣ
ɨһƣߵСҲĳɣѾͷΣҪллġ
ĽЦҲɺϣ㲻ʲô
ĵѾͷҵҪиôҲûˣ˵ʲôҪģ
Ľһ뻯ɽѹìܡ
ѹһ£ͷѹôһ£ʦһСһϣ˲ɣ
Ľͷǡ
ѹӣȻ
Ľ̾˿ԭ÷ۺڳǰǰ˵ѣѹ޼ɣ
һ꣬ͨģ֪ɢЩ飬һǧ֮ӣȴǸȵġ
ȷʵԼƾž֮ʹҲںԼǶȻ˵
Ӹңһ˵˻ѣպһ鷳ֱ̹ϣôúܡ
ȻιŤͷƣߵѾͷҲ֪ˣ
ͷûҵġ
Сѽҡҡͷ̾Ҳ֪ɵǴ
Ľǰûϣ
ΪҪ̽һ̽ڷ˵ǧôʵˣܸйݣ
Ľæͷ˸ǰȻйǰͬġ
ߣʲôͬһƳһƣѾͷûô׵֣
ĽЦŵͷǡ
ЦʦССһɽ¶´磬Ҫսѵˡ
ߵȺʹѽûһгϢģ
Ƶ᲻£
һۣ˵أǻ仨˭Ҳȥ޼ɡۺǷŭ鷳ģ
ô죿Ƶ
겻İڰ֣ǽ׿»
ʦƽ
ҡҡͷҪǶԸЩʹߣǳɽĺã
ĽЦʶһɽھѧ
ŶЦ͸


58 ɨ
ƵĽǺãһս˭ܵˣ
СһﲻôɵġҡͷѾͷѽǹңЩСһǸĸһУ
ҿãߵʦҲ߹ˣҿ伱ʲôɵó
ҡҡͷҲҪԼ컯д裬ʧģѲһֱԱ߿ţ
ƺߵɹϵʦ棡
ûİڰ֣Ѿͷ˵ƤҲûãһأ֪Ѷ˵ĺã
㬵ĵʦ
ЦĽۺҪҪһԿţ
ĽЦͷǰˣһСġ
ЦӯӯĵСѽЩСһܶ඼ɱ˵ģڶɱģҪԱֲɱˣ𣿡Ļ͸Ͻɽڻ
ĽҡͷЦʶɽڵľѧɽҶɽʮվŴˣ
ţǵʮȷʵףѧ
ĽҡҡͷЦר
ҲáͷͨɣרһרעҲһףһô죿һƷȭá
ĽЦǡ
æʦʮ𣿡
ܡҡҡͷǵմӲʮգûϣˡۺĽʲô̶ȣΣ
Ľͷá
æһӣ˲ţŵ˴ϵϢ
꿴ûĵѾͷѽ
ĽۺҪҪԣ
Ľǰָ̣
ԣǲ䣿һһƣŮ򣡡
Ƶʦ㽣ȷʵ磬һˣ޹⣬߳ŭ
˵ôߵ
ͷˣó

ֲˣ齣齱ߵĳ²ĳ˴ǰյء
լӺܴܿŵһձڣձںשյأһ֪䳡
ֽӯӯһˣ֣ɣۺѽʩչɣƵ׶ı£
ĽνǰСˣԣ
һ䣬һ£Ѿڳǰһ̼ɽ
һһʯ˷ӦоɭɭŷӦѾˡ
ǰĽս΢Ц
꿴ֿƣƵʦĽܿģҸ˵ġ
غһ޹⣬˵ĽĽ죬û뵽쵽ⲽء
ߵ
ĽͷǰСˣ
ĽŻƣƮƮһ̣ӽ̳˶ʱ֣һš
ת۹ʮйȥȻһȦ⣬ֵ˰ˣˣ
ĽսʣЦǰý
ڰ֣ûĵͱһҲʹȫ⽣ʹ̫ðܣ
ܿ彣ǲǣЦ
ߵţҽ񴦴ԭΪ޷ء
ĽЦЦǰ¼û޷Ľ
ǵҲǡͷĽ죬۾ֺݣȻǴȻ׿Ѿͷû˵ѣ
ƽʦҺʱ˵
ƲƲ죺ߣĻѻˣҪҪһһ˵
ƺҽӻһһ˵ûٸɣʲô¹֥£ǵסһһ˵

ĽԺĽס᷿סڵݣеĽһ԰
ɽڵլ࣬ĽլҲһסˣҪһĹɾͣߣǿ书
ĽƴתתɽڣûʲôɿģɽڿȥһӣźУûʲôϢ
磬ǻլӣһ緹ڴŷ洫Ż
ҡͷˡ
ƿһĽ磬սġ
ĽЦҵҲˣ˵һսҵģȥǸС䳡һһ㣡
áߣҲ˺ģôһͷһͷҲһֻӦˡ
ЦпһĽۺǴҪպһȣҪǴˣֲܺ
ĽЦһ£Ҳɱɱң˼
û취˭ЦһɱˣžŹ
Ľֻܾ̾Ϊˣ
˹ĳԹ˷ȻԺһȦʳƵͬ£һƬԲ䳡
䳡Ѿվ˰ңǶʮҵ꣬Ůһ°Ȼӡ
ɽںɽҪ㹻ÿÿֻλᣬù˾Ͳá
ƾȻһλ˹ˣɽڵе˵ǻԵĴ
ѡһλʧҲ㣬Ȼѡɽڵ꿡ܣƫƫѡһŴɵҰ·ӡ
Ħȭƣ޲ϰһѵһ٣ϳɽţģ⣡
ĽƲһˮģվ˵СǵĶˡ
ʹ໯ΪŭӿɱĽǵصֹȥĽоĸоǵʹɱ⡣

վУߵλʦܣǵľˣɽڵӲ𱨰ɣ
һŰɵĵʦ㣬ȹʦ
ûĵС˵ʲô֣
СҲʶһ书书˿䲻ʦ㣡
˵ʲôһߺ޵һʻ˿㱣漴ʡĻԼţһ˲ժˣĽʹޡ
Ľλ÷ۺɽڴλѧߴͽ̣
Ⱥ߳һλ꣬׳ʵһվĽǰĿڣѬ
Сӣһ㣡ȰĴУֻգҲ
վһԲ˵֪ǳ֪˵̫෴Ľϣ˶Ժء
Ľȭ΢Ц롪
һ͵һȭĽ䳤һһ⣬漴ʡ
ͷؿڣջؽŲȭͷߵÿĽҰ
˵պˣһ˵˵ֻؿڵԲƣҪŪһô̵ġ
ĽȭЦЦá
Ⱥ΢΢ǶûƳһôģֻǰһʹѾɣ̫ˣ
ĽɨһΧˣü˿Χ
ĽЦɻλͽ̵ģ
ɡһ׳껺һεָĽĽܿ죬ܲܿҵĵ
ĽЦŵͷԸλ̫ʧ롪
ѩһ֮ȥ˿ȥ׳˺󼸲֮վĽ
ֵͷƵһСݣһ£һȻ֪һġ
Ľʣˣ¶ʧɫ
ˡˡۣɫѿû뵽Ľղųȥ˶ӹ֣䲻жģԼ֣֮ôսʤӶɶ϶ԼҲۺĶ֡

Ľλɻͽ̵ģ
ĬȻȥҲȡ裬ֻܱ죬ʱ̣ܹ񵽺ʱ
Ľ̾˿ҡͷû뵽ˣ˵ɡ
˵հѳʣת뿪ˣҧ޲ȥ
Ťͷˣ򲻹ҵľͱ¶ˣʤս
ʤս
ĸսʥڵĵһӣ
ۿ仰˵飬׷ۿ
ƵͷҪ磬սɱĸˣǵľˣ
ȻùսֲأǻȻҲôԽˣùսοǣսʥڵӣҲĪ⣬ɼ
ҡҡͷת뿪ˣصլĽڸ˵ЦǺǵġ
ŤͷѾͷˣô
Цλʦһᱻ˵
ǾͿϷɣۺʶɽھѧָǣЩݰ
Ľҡҡͷᣬ꣬ѳΪһĸ֣ɽڵӡ
ǳɲʲôģҡͷɽѧôͣľͲǿϡ
Ƶ磬ôȥŵġ
ĽЦЦѣɽڵӲذɣ
ǵǡҡҡͷﶼͦõģԼ˺ãԱ˾Ͳˡ
ûأ˼Ӱ磬ЩСһõĲѧЩ߰ѧȫ
ЦѽǲӴġ

ϣĽں԰УС԰ů紺ԳһƬأյС԰硣
ĽʯԣǧϣǧţŮһ߻εţһĽ˵
Ľ²յƵĵǰڿһλ÷飿
һü÷ʦ֣֪ģ
ĽҲż˵֡
ģʡ
Ľһ£ҡҡͷǲˣһҾ¥ɣ˺÷飬˵书ǿ֮
̾÷ʦߣµģ㾹˵ʵѵãеҡ
ô£ĽЦҲ˵ߣרעѧţһ
Ҳߡҡҡͷûôа÷ʦȷʵͬš
Ľôҷ
̾ϴѾʮ˰ɡ
ϴ£Ľ
ƵϴһڣֻɽڣΧʯͷͺͺģ˵ġ
ĽȻһ˴ɣô£
̾÷ʦΥڹ棬ʥħŮǣ׷书㿪ˣ
᲻ʣͷ书⣡
ĽһʥŮˣ
šͷעǱ磬ʲô³
ˣĽüʡ
̾˿ҡͷɱʥڵŮˡ
ĽɱǸŮˣ
ǡ̾Ц÷ʦְŮɱˣȻĳϣһ
Ľü˵Ʒ˲ҹά
еǷǷ˭˵壡ҡͷ÷ʦµǺ֣ģ
ƵʦҾҲɱԼŮ˰ߣ˵÷ʦˣ
ֵ׼˸ǰ÷ʦ֣
÷ˡĽʧ̾
ĻҲδزɡ
ĽЦǾͷǰˣ
һ£Կܰɾͺã첻ɾ㡣


59 ɨ
üһֱĽĽ˽øԶĽöࡣ
Ľᵽ÷ʱɫһ˿ʶı仯ûע⣬ƿ
ֱĽ÷ʦǵзѡ
˵껰˯Ľݣڷſͣס硭
Ľתͷƹ绨Ĩһ֬ӵĳ嶯
ĽЦƣٿɽڡ
ףĽתһǲ÷ʦг𣿡
Ľŵͣסͷ
Ƶҿ÷ʦг𣡡
ĽЦ㿴ˣ
šһ˲˲÷ʦгģ
ĽЦЦҡͷ˵ˣպ˵ɣҲûֻôˡ
ѽЦ̫ˣ£÷ʦҲϲ̫ˣ
ĽЦǰƭŮ˸ƭ书治Ϊˣ
Ƴһ£Сĵء
Ľҡҡͷ̾ô飬ɱûġ
ƭ÷ʦءС˵
Ľü̾˿ţܣƣٲȥǰҪˣ
ƶʱŤͷߡ
ĽĿ뿪صϣŽľٶ÷ൽʲô˭ҲŪˡ
ʦû֤Ļ٣һʺͿʣԼľɱ˳ʦ㱨
ڵʦԲԲԷ޷϶ֻҪ棬ƾͨҵһ˿˿

ڶ峿ʱ֣𴲣һȭһż㡣
磡ǰһ档
šĽͣЦʲô
ս飡ƻӶһż㣬ûĵǶҪս㣡
ĽЦˡ
ѾжʮˡƵݹߵҹƻС
ĽӹЦŷð
Ƶһǵģ
ĽЦαҪսأֱ䳡дһ¾ˡ
ƺ޺޶ţ磬дսǲͬġ
кβͬĽЦʡ
ƵһԷս飬ܾܾȻ˶Ʋ˫Ҫѹֵ൱ĶȻҲᱻЦߣһѺ˱
Ľüͷһ£Цأ
ǣѹ¶˭ʤ˹˭׼˼ǰڳලƵ
ĽЦ⵹Ǹ˽˽ĺ÷ӡ
гǱս飬ԷӦսû棬û磬ƲսʤԷֵ˶ǽޡ
ʤ߽ƣʧʧǮƣԱƵǿ书书Ҳܱ
Ƶ̫ˣ磬ţȥЩ
ĽЦǶѺʲô
һƱƵ
ĽЦŰڰ֣Եȡ
ƲĿУתݣȻһƱݸƣЩ
ȻӹƱȻһ
ĽЦٸƶõġ
Цٸƶôôࣿ
ĽǺЦ˼ĵҲƶ𣿡
ЦҿһۣҪǱʦ֪ˣҪ˵ģΥڹ棡
ĽΪʵļһЩ
ţһĻ㹻ˣͷûҲǮҵױģԽԽࡣ
ݽ˱ɵˣҪƽʱôһ𷴸У֮ģǿĽ;ʹ졣
ͬûһʤĽģߣʦ֣һϣ˶ǸǮģóսҲûá

Ľƣһ굽е䳡ɽµľ类һ˵ա
£̫ڰɢůˣ䲻ȣԶɽ¡
䳡ʱ˼䳡ռַǳǹٵĿĽ
ĽŲУ΢ЦӭĿ⡣
ƮƮУһֱڿĽ飬⡣
ʮ꾲վڶߣĽվߣ䵭
ĽҲͶĿ⣬ĿҪ͸ɫ֮һ䣬˴˶һۡ
Ľüͷһ£̾ɽڣΪԶһֿɼŵҲǶˡ
ʦ壬ʦ壬ʦ壬ˣЩȵЦ
ӵİ߳С̣ʲô֣
ʦ壬ҾͲѽЦʦαԳСӼҺ
߲תͷƣ´ۣͷƲ
Цʦ˻
ߺһʶ飬Ʊʦǿ
꿩Цܵýʦһ䣬ʦҲأ
ûĵûΣЦС÷ۺ
Ľȭ΢ЦСۺλǰ
һԲߺǺЦúã꿡ܣѹְСӱȥˣ
ԲӣͰףڼүүһ㣬ĽȴСɷʢĽ
һò񳣬΢ЦͷҲ¶֮⡣
Цʦ壬ɱйСһĵʰһ°
Ѿͷĳ̫ҡͷЦ
߳ðɣȻ˾ͿʼС֪ذɣ
Ľͷǡ
ߵһʮս飬ɶӦ£
Ľͷߵѡһˡ
Ľ΢ЦŴӻͳһսݳȥ߽ӹˣͷһۣȵͣ
һ絽ǰȭڣ
Ѻʲôߵ
ʹӻͳƱǰһǧӣ
߽ӹˣһǧ
ŤͷĽĽӻͳһƱһŵݸߣһ
һžһǧһûʮҲа
߰Ʊݸߣã˵һΣ㵽Ϊֹʤ׼
ǡͳӦĽͷ
ʼɣ˺˶ʱɴ۾

΢۾ĽֽƷ
Ľҡͷֻֻʹ
㡭ü
߳ͣȡɣǽͣýʲô򲻹䣡
ðɡεǾһĽ
νʣһ̳ȥĽҡҡͷҲһ͵Ȼֹ
ĽЦЦջسã
Լһڸǰɭɭ԰ɫĽš
΢һ۾ۺʤ
ΧѻȸĬȻֻǶĽ뿴͸Ľղһ̫û塣
߶һۣºȻĽղһ̫죬Ҳûܿ塣
ӹˣС磬𣿡߳
ǡĽЦֳǵս飬Ȼ󽻸ߣ߽ӹսһ½硣
һǹĽЦЦѺõıһȭ
½ȴãγһ
ˡˡۿҡͷѣǿɴûһĲͷɽڶˣ
һ
½ӲͷƤͷǣһ
ðɡû˵ʲôŤͷĽĽҲͷãһһɡ
½ԼƤ飬˼ˣ֪ذܣǮȥ޴ҪսܷڣĻ̫ˣˣղһսɢ

Ľγ½һεն⻯Ϊһƥֱ£ޱȣһȥ޻صơ
Ľҡҡͷһֻ̣ǰһƥ㵶ʧ½罩Ҳͣڰա
Ľջس΢Цǰһɡ
ӻһսһսƮƮ߸ǰסһ֣һ껺ĳء
ǵҲأû뵽Ľ˽һһǧû½ôƤ
Ľһʤ˽ҡҡͷӻͳʣս飬ȫݸߣǰһϰɣ
һüĽɨһʣ꣬Ƕʱ˫
ĽЦһһ̫鷳һϣˣӶң
߻꣺ǵ˼أ
˶˵ڽĿ·׷׵ͷ
Ľ΢ЦʤˣÿʮӣΣ
ʮһˡ۷׷ס
ʮɲһСĿѰ˼һĻȲʮһѾǾʣʮȫҵҲ
ĽŤͷЦʮɸҶһѣ
ĬȻĿԣ˴˽뷨
ĽǺЦҡͷλɽںܣӶûаɣҿҪƲλˣ
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ĽЦʹ죡ǰⲻƹذɣ
һۣСҪˣ
ĽͷѾǰ֣
ðɡŤͷһߣʦܣʦܣô
ԲЦǺǵĵҲ뿴С汾¡
ǾɣǶɣûĵ
֪ʦˣӸŶˣҶ˵ĬĬĽΧ׷װγ򵶻򽣡

Ľνλɣ
ǰ˵İСҲ¿ˣ֣
ƽ죬˺ЦѾͷôţнʦ忴أ¡
ҡͷʦ粻ܵġ
ѾͷСЦҡͷǿɲľ׮ӣٿ졭
ȻֹųС
ĽѾʣ΢Цȭǰ
ɫ࣬Сʤˣһ͹ȥŵùϼһɣ
ĽЦȻλ
СĽԲߺǺЦɨһ꣺Сһ治ɽһһˣ
ʦܣ˵䣡ߺߵ
Цʦ֣ܲ۶ܲסҿǽײˣ
ҲԹǡҡͷСĽ̫죬߰ɡ
İ֪̾ܶ£ǻȥúɣÿиˣ죡
ǣʦ棡˵ӦŤͷߣʵûˡ
Χս˷׷ɢȥĬȻ䳡ѹֵ˷ȴǿѹţĽһɨʦʦǣԼʤ˻ˡ
꿴ĽҡҡͷɨһüЦƣתߣĽæϡ
˻լӺ󣬳ڰϣ˴ָĽСǵ죬ְɣ
ǡĽϣӹƵĲյЦǸһɡ
ƿЦɰǴˣҿ˭
Ц͸ôһӣ徻ˣۺɱ⣬´λ
Щǰ˵ΣĽЦ
ڰ֣Ѿͷ˵ɣս飬ðǮˣ
æǣҿһսɣʦ֣
ЦţܴСĻĴӾ޵ˣСǸģҲݣۺóۣ


60 ϴ
ĽЦǰôֲҪɣ
֣Ц޹⣬߳ŭɣ
ĽЦŵͷ
ڰ֣Ҳ߯Сɽˣģɽû֣
ĽǺЦδɡ
Цһҡҡͷ˲֪ߵغ񣡡㽣ǺãԶû޵еĵز
ĽЦǰһҽҵʤ
һۣ㶼޵ˣ˭˵ʲô
ʦϻȺأƵĽĵǡ
ߵ߳ŭΧɣû⵨ӣ
ҾͷʩΪˣĽЦЦָ֪ٻôһߣ¡
ЦʹĽѵС书ôʮ㣡
Ľǰɽڵȷʵ
бСһ⻰٣
ĽЦҡͷҲٵν꿡ܣԶɽڵӣ
⵹Ҳǡ˭ȣΪɽڵӣȥһɵӱȣԸʶ䣡
ĽЦҡҡͷ
һۣСǲЦң
ҲҡĽæ֣ȷʵڰЦɽڵӵİɣǸѧġ
Ƶ磬дսɣȣ
¡æͷСһлģ뵽һ㡣
ĽЦЦνġ
ɲνҡҡͷƾͷ͵ԸͷСļҵײ
żĵʦвٱأף鵤˼ŵġ
Ľ룬ͷ⵹Ǹ鷳ӴףҲҪ
Ƽżæѣ磬ʦм޼֮
Ľһ񣬵ͷãдս飡
æǰĥīܿŪˣĽߵǰߣһǳɣӾһս飬ùŷ

æʱȻͭüѾͷȥ˭
ϲ徻һ£ƽʱҲ˹ţʱûˣ⻹ͷһΡ
ƴӦһŷȥˣܿź촽üýģһŭ
զˣ˭ˣ
һ̧֣õһż㣬߷ߵĵʦһ
Сս飿Ц
ʦƽս飺
ЦԹ˭˼뵽
ŤͷĽĽЦôҪòͷΪˣǲǣ
ȻƵʦֶֶβмһˣһߥޣӦģ
Ľͷô죿
չأҪʮеģƵ
ĽЦͺðˣһΪأ
ż磬ǿ콣ֻһ֣һͽˣ
Цһ㣬ۺСƣȤ˭죡
ĽЦЦ͸һȻԵõζǰʵϲʹ콣ϲ
ŶЦǰСһûʹ汾أ
Ƶ粻ܴ⣡ʮֻһŽǽʦ־רһŽ
Ľüͷһ£ǽǣһǿ죬ԽԽ죬ǲǣ
긧£ֲ⽣ǽȷʵˣһ㵲סڶѣԽԽ죬ԹͶˣ
Ľ˼Ŀ㱣˲Լ
ͷôŹȻǲͬġ

ô죿üһҡҡͷ̾
ЦЦɵѾͷݽȥˣʵ۲̫༱
ĽعЦˣʮоʮаɣ
üҪǱĽʮҲûʲôܵסǽеġ
ĽЦµû·ˣǾ˳Ȼɣ
ЦѾͷû
ʦֺģַɱ뵽öˣš
겻ЦˣæҪǳЩӣ
ûõġҡҡͷһþʦֵ鵤Ѻ
Ľʲô鵤
룬ʦв鵤
Ľ棺ô鵤ɽڵӶУ
ġҡҡͷǾʦּġ
Ľˣҡ
ҡҡͷû˵ô壬ԪϡԪƳʹһҲܻʮֲ꣬ȷʵãϧף̫̣һЩǿҩϧҩԽǿԽ˭ҲܲԺ˲á
ĽƣҪǻգҪǿϧһܹ֮߱治ãһЩų֣ʷϳֹλʿ
Ƶȹһλʿϴ赤ʦôþϴ赤Ĺ͡
ϴ赤Ľ
ϴ赤Ϥ֪һַëϴĵҩëϴ蹦ЧĹ˲٣ԲҪⵤҩԼ˼ޣĿܡ
˷ܵĵ磬ϴ赤ޱȣǶûأ
ĽЦ⾣ʦҲ߯ˣһö
ƵΪϴ赤̫һֻţʦѾţֻʣһˣ
ЦЦҡҡͷǲûҪһˣⶫ
Ľüͷãմͽѽ
ҡͷɽڵĹزһյմӵġ
Ľ΢۾֪˼ע⵽Сһ˼ϲ۾۹͸ȥһ

Ľȷʵ֪ɽأȻյӣίʵ֣ҲžλõϮ棬ʹɽڲһһյģɽڵӵġ
ǰô˵κεӶܳΪĽʡ
ףѾͷҪ˵ƾŮҲܵɽ
ĽЦɽйŮ
аЦйĸŮ֮ӣҿѾͷûʲôָඣ
ʦƲ˼ҿɲϣ
ǿδءЦӯӯҡͷ뵱Ҫܺã
˵ſһĽĽǺЦһ
СɵЦҿʲôûӦ
Ľæͷף
Ϊûеմӣܹ£Ϊز٣һ书Ϊǹ¡
Ľŵͷ书Ϊض˵ûǿ书ͬһ붼û룬һУСϣ
ĽЦϼʶһλʦֵķɣ
ҡ΢Цʧģϣ̫ʧƽͣôСһ鷳
˭˵㣿Ľʡ
еӹͬѡ
ĽҡͷʧЦԵɽڻ㿪
̾һҪСˣСΪѷ㣬ֺãҪʮУ˵ʵûġ
ĽЦʤûʲôˣܼʶǽͺã
ûİһۣæ磬˵ĻҪģȥϴ赤
̾Сϴ赤Ļ湻ݵģ
ƶź޺޵ƾʦֵӣһôɵģ
꿴ĽЦȻˣɽǣ
ĽЦ񲻶˱Ƶ
ЦһŮңʲô
ʦƶţŭĵ˼Ҷˣ㻹Ц
磬ЦѾͷѽ̫סʤܱǳ£ݺ᲻ܵģ
æҪϴ赤Ļ
ⲻֲɱЦ
Ҫµծͱˣ
񲻸ãЦɽڵˣܸһˣ
ҲϲƼҡҡͷ
Ľϵݺ۳ңҪǱɽڣһῪģ
Ľ˼ЦİɱƣҲܵġ
ƻͷ
ĽŮصԼϣݶ˼ɣʱ˵֮ʣһ
ʱģûע⣬ʱ׽Ƭ⣬ŮŮ¶Цݡ
һֱ뻯ɽѹĹϵȴףʼύĳλҪֳһ·
λɭҲǸ鷳ɽڱϾǴڣط࣬ܲ˵ʲô˷ʤ
ƣƶ⾣ɭҲ죬Ϊɭһֱڿޣƽʱֻ뼸λͬŽĺ䵭ɽ֮ɭŮɫרע书ҲٴɫԲΡ
˵Ľ鱨ҲǱĵӸʱ͸¶ģǸϸĵˣλʦҲ棬˽ıһȫһЩ

峿ʱ֣ĽȻ˸洫ŲЦⲽء
˸Ƿƽϴô
ĽƿţƴһƮ磬ҲУ
ĽЦ㾫ѽ
ûҡҡͷս֮ǰ˭֪㾫񣬵ĵ׵Ľ񣿣
磬һϢƽ촽޺޵ϴ赤
ŶĽһüëЦѽ
ƺߵʦֺúݶҪСѽ
ĽЦЦ֪ˡ


61 
ƵһۣŤݣľɭɭˮӳӡ
ĽЦǰأ
ƵʦȥˣҪ˰æء
Ľ˵ֵʦֺȾѪʣĽ̫죬ʦһλʦ棬ܹʱֹ
ĽЩжȴ¶ɫЦͳǰˡ
Ц粻صĵģʹҲΣա
ĽҡͷʧЦϴһӹë֮ݸһûأ
¶˼飺磬ҪǲʹթҵȻŴһܰ˾ʦ֣ǽ
ĽЦúãһСĵģ
ʣҪҪԼģ
ĽҡͷЦٳ԰ɡ
ǺãߣǶڵأƵ
Ľ˴լ䳡ȥ;Ȼһ˴ס·
ĽһˣһϮ͸ɽڵӶеһɰ
ͷĽϵãڷóǼûڣһճһ书պ͡
ʦܣʦܣҪʲôü
һǵļʽ֪߲ƣʲô·ڱ֮ǰƵˣֶΡ
ʦЦʦ㣬Ǵкѡ
ûĵʲôкᵽ䳡һˣǸϽÿ
ʦ㡭ʦܶγ۲ӲͷƤʦл˵
ʦεҡҡͷɳʦһۣƱȭɫʦ㣬ǿˣ
ʲô۵ģƺߵʦܣʱ䲻ˣʲôϽ˵ôţ
ʦӲͷƤʦ㣬Ӧ÷⣬첲յôǶˣ
Ҹ첲ôˣѿڽ糺졣
ʦܻȥˣôһˣǸ첲գ
ƱŭߣҾˣͣôд˼ҵģҪٲ磬𣿣
ʦͣҪ˵ȴᣬߵʦܣЩһ²ãƫƫôˣɽڶˣ
ʦǺҪ˵һ֣ߵˣЩһ˵ͨϽÿ
ʦǺŭĽ
ҶƷŭǨĽϣ޵ֱЦģȰ㻹Ϊ
Ľ΢ЦΪ䣿
ʦܵЦʦֽ̫죬ʦҲסʦܱԣ
ЦңʦûסԹþʦ֣ʦֶȥϴ´ϼ꣡
ԭǣǸϾˣҲϲƣһ𣬶ʱŭԺʧȥǡ
ʦܣƽ߳һָŭȵǲǷ
ʦܵ۾Щʦ㣬ʲôСӣ۸ɽˣҪһ۸𣿣
Ц˭˵۸ɽˣɽ۸磡ģϽ
һţ˵ֻҲ̲ס
ʦܵĽͣЦĽҡͷ΢Цʵڲףд书ѣʤôأ
ģվ˵ۣʦܶϺȵλʦֵļҵף˵ôɣ
ĽЦЦͷԣĻˣûҪˣ
ģʦŭڣҪĽԽ赭дԽŭԼһС

ʦܣ㻹ưν̤ǰһ
ƳˣĲģǹҴģøʤ㣬ʵڱ֮ŭ쳣
Ľְһ磺ƣˣ
ƶʱһ糺֮ϢУĽһܴӼͷоĵһĵףһ
紺ģɬֺݺĽնŰĴϡ
Ľջ֣΢Цλʱ䲻ˣۼûҪô棬ʤʤÿ˵书ڽУ˾ͰˣһӮǣ
ģ˵ɣʦЦҵҪΰ˻ʲô³
ʦһɱġʦҡҡͷ
Ƶɹæתͷȥղ˵Ĳǵŭ֮
Ťͷ磬Ǻ˵˵߰ɣ
˵ǰͷֱֱǼǲһ
ʦ㣬οôһˣʦܲĺߵ
ϽҲ˵
ʦһһ˵ʦ㿴СӣҪòûòҪƷûƷֻŮ󣬸ûһӢţʦ㣿
ƽŴһ仰˵ֻǰߡ
ʦһһ˵Ľҡͷ̾죡
ʦĿɿڴһ½סں˵ļû죬ƻ߹ߣһǲžù֣æÿΣĽȥȥʦܡ
ŤͷһǣֿĽꡱһЦüЦЦ绨ޣ
ĽЦ򲻵ãֻܸСѵˣ
ʦܲҪɣʡ
ϾɽϣҪưոݡ
ĽҡͷЦֻһСѵУͺˣ
ʲôЦʡ
ĽЦһ˯þˣǰԼŪˡ
湻ģƻЦ
һڶһʵ̫ˣ

䳡ʱ˱ֻ࣬һɷԲĿյأҲվ˲ٵˡ
Ľеɽڵ磬ΪڷأŵĹؾϸ
ĿУĽƵ棬ѾˣһζԲ£üĿʮ꣬Ŀü͸һɲɣζȻԶ
Сӿҳʦ֡
Ľ߽ǰȭСۺǰ
ţСӺܾ񡣡Ͱ΢Цͷ˵ܺãѵѵã
ЦСӲ֪ߵغ񣬾ʶһŵʮգǲ֪˵ʲôã
ЦѾͷҫˣǸúӣ
߻վˣĽϣء
һָߵ꣬С磬ǾɭսɴӦ
ĽתɭΣ԰ɫвݣ˫ˣĿƽһ㡣
ĽЦ֣ۺҽս
һϴ赤üСʲôѺ
ĽҡҡͷЦûʲôӮӰɡ
˷ˡеĵЦеֻеҡͷΪȻ廨š
ЩڵĿһϣֿʦ㣬㿴
ɡס
üС磬ϴ赤޼֮ѺأҪʮУ
ĽȻͷá
ϵӮˣϴ赤㣬ˣӹ龣ɭҪɽЧʮ꣡
Ľͷǡ
ϿĽС磬Ҳԣ治ÿûʧ
ĽЦЦȭлǰСӽս
ˣ̾Ťͷɭɼסඣ׼֣
ɭξ԰¶һ˿ЦݣʦҲ֪ҵĽ׷գʧ֡
һ֣ʼɣ

Ľ΢Цȭ֣аɣ
ʮСɭҡҡͷЩĿ˵ʵ㲻ɽڵģ
Ľ΢Ц롪
վڳߣ߬ȭͷңһ˲˲ĵųС
Ҳֹͣ˵ЦųУеᶯһҶȻ֡
ͣһХУɭһ׹⣬һ׺Ľǡ
Ľбһɵıܿһ͡Х죬׺һתһԲٴδ
Ľбһɱܿͣ׺ת׷ᣬĽĲɶÿһζǿܿ
ָһ𣬽ʶò԰ûѪɫԽԽ죬ХԽԽ죬ԽԽߡ
ҲһĽţΧ۵ȴ˸߲ңˡڶ˷ܵĿųС
ת۹彣ȥĽ΢ЦݣƽʱС¹̣ʱȴ˼ֻĽһգգ
òɭϺһ͵һΪһƬӰڽϣٴαǣһ̫䵽УٶȶȻӿ죬Хȴһʧ
Ľ΢۾˲䵽˽ǰһˣ彣⣬Ϊʵ̫
̲ס̤ǰһһҪǻӣˡˡıʧ
ôĽ弫ޣܵĿܣǼĽĲ״˷Ȼ
æŤͷ΢ֳӣϵҶŹ⡣
ʦỽ
ҡҡͷСһ
˷̾ϢĽ΢Цһָ󣬴ٷ硣
һ̣ǺȻӢ˼֡


62 
̾СһĲ۹⣡
ʦҪҪɿʡ
ްˡҡͷ΢ЦѾͷôһСһ̫ˣ
̾ϢǻԼ⽣Ҳȫˣǽίʵ̫ˣǾɭ߶ܵС
ǽʮһ书ŵӺʹҲĽѷʮѵõľ
ؼǽʵҪ̫ߣһ˸ǽһһҪֱ۾㹻׳
Խ죬ԽҪǿƵö𿴾ɭݸɸɵӣʵ
ϴ赤ĹЧ˵ӳʱͷϴ赤ʱַһϴ赤ǿޱȣ
书ûôԣ˿㣬ǽͬ޷ﵽĽܴﵽ
ЦǱѾͷľˣ
˰ɣЦҡҡͷҲ֪ĸǲң
šŤͷȻ
ҡͷ̾ô书̫ƽӹҿҲܸƽģҪˣ
ЦЦж︣ܲôˣھҲסˣѾͷѾݽȥˣ
ͷ̾Ů֮ȷʵԽԽס˳Ȼĺã
˵򣬽ϺȻһϺȣʮе
ĽǺǷһЦ漴һһţһȭ΢Ц֣ˣ

ˡȻֹ˵ɴ۾ųУĽȭ΢ЦɭνסĨһº
ɭϵѪãȻĿĽҲûӦʲô
ģɱ˾ʦ֣Ⱥ˻Ϻȣôĵӣ
Ľ΢ЦŤͷֵܣİɣֻһƤˣ
оɭеɱ⣬һˣֻۣһͳˣֻǴƤ
㡭㡭ɭš
ǽȻ鴫ϧ򲻵ϧϧĽϧ飬ҡͷѡ
ɱ㣡ɭ͵һ̡
ס֣϶ϺһĳɭϳɵУȺ
ĽһԾڿһӣס˳ȻƮ䵽ɭǰѽݸ΢Ц֣ʤ˱ҳ£αˣ
ɭЦݣ޲һȭãϻӣ֪ٳ־Ҫ
ۺʤϳȵϴ赤ۺɭΥսĹأϴһ꣡
ǡɭҧͷ
ͷ֮ƳһĽеĺһţĽҡҡͷܸоɭȻɱ⣬ǽ
С磬ϴ赤ԲЦеݹһϻƴС羫¡
Ľӹˣֻɭɭ͸Ĵ壬
ͷһۣϻһ͸ĶţĽǷ˿Ϣ͸
ת֣΢Цƹ
硭ƻ糺죬ûӼ߳˵ע£ǰ
Ľϻݹȥƣһ¡
Ѿɥʧ˼ֻ֪ԸУ˺ĿǣȷŭΡ
ҲĿĽ֪Ҫʲô֣΢ЦѾͷС˼ҡ
ЦʦҲû뵽Ϊ
ѽȻ΢Ц

ĽϻݸƣƴţĽһĨѷĨȥȻϻ
ϻƳУһŻԲĽӣ۴С·Ź˻ƽ飬˲֪ϴ赤ĻһΪ顣
Ľ˽飬գЦǶϴ赤
ֱţĿŽҪǽڣһӵϴ赤
ϴ赤ĹЧ񣬷һţϻһˣӵ츳°빦죬ɭ֪ˣ˵ܸǰһǽ֮û˵ס
ĽͣȴͣסһȥĽŤͷϣǰϴ赤ֱӷþаɣ
ǡϻͷ
߶ϴ赤۾һգգϲΡ
ʹˣҪϴ赤Ҫѽһϴ赤ͳһλĸ֣ҫ鹡
ĽЦûʲôðɣ
ûСҡͷҪϴ裬йþ칦ƽ
Ľͷͺã
һһѣʱɢȥ䳡ΧƲɢ֮һ˼֡
̾ѣȻϴ赤ޱȡ
ĽЦƣ죡
ȻĽЦ죡
ʶӣſ˺촽Ľְϴ赤Ȼһ
ཡһ죬˶һһĸ
硪ƴʧɫæȥŤԼȴĽס΢Цƣˣ
ŵĵ磿
ĽЦôϴ赤ζΣ
ûءʶ˵ԺһƬհףȫǰһĻסˡ
ĽЦŵͷϧֻһš

ˡɣԽԽ
˶һۣ͸žЦû뵽Ľôһ̫ϣ
ѾͷۺǡҡͷʧЦ
Ҳסˣϴ赤Ǳ֮࣬˶ԣζ˵ĸı䣬Ϊҫ۵Ĵڡ
κһ߶Īջ޷ֵջ󣬷ϴ赤츳ȫκ书ˡ
ɽʮžκһŶÿһ书Ҫжص츳츳㣬¿๦ҲȻ
ҷϴ赤ķһǧֻҪͰĿֿɳɡ
ŷӦæ磬㡭
ĽЦ˵ʲôҲԶǻȥɣ
޴룬ҳһţȸм־òףǧϴ赤Լˣ
ĽӦӱߣʶĸߡ
ۺѽҡҡͷü۴ЦѾͷȻǻʶ飬ûˣ
ĽЦǰеˣǻȥɡ
úãȥæͷŤͷЦʦȥɣþû
ҾͲˣȻȥɡڰ֣΢ЦҲҪúôţܴš
Ǻðɣʦ˵ҲǿЦгãȻߡ
ȺԶÿһ·ĽĿЩӣΧ뿪
뿪֮Ǹʧȥ˵ȤĽǻ⣬ʱȫΪУֻһĪĸп
ΪһŮ˾ϴ赤ԼԼϲҪеһϴ赤Լԥ𣿻Ӧۺ
ǲԼ⣬һֱԺôҲ޷Ĩȥ֪˴𰸡

Ľں԰ŮǧϣĽʯԣҷˡ
ĽŲյ΢ЦŮ糺죬΢ҿҲЦп
һŤͷĽۺѽǸɵСӣ
ĽЦǰϧֻһϴ赤
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ĽЦǱƵʦʦһ㣬ѵ˵ТʦӦ𣿡
ЦŻ֦ҲҡͷðɺðɣҲʦɣҴӦ
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ЦѾͷǺøأڵ˰һĹûһŮĵģ
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Ľüͷһô˵ǹԽսඣ
Ѻ԰룬˵ֻһӣһһһ׬ˡ
šͷ˭и
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63 
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Ľͷǡ
ü룬ΪҪս÷ʦ֣
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֪ҡҡͷûʥڵѧҲ书ִˮһء
ĽЦ÷߻ħû
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硭̧ͷ۾ھָжû뵽ôԶôеΣһȣЩʦʦɵøСһ
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˻˴լѾߵţкǳԷԹĽҲҪʼ
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Ľ¶΢ЦȻ֪ڣһжðˣҲȥʮţպǣȥҲѡ
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䳡˶ȣɽڵǲ֪սϰϣ⻪ڣټϳꡣ
Ƕվһ꣬վΧΪһ壬˵ȡ


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ĽֻһӰ쵽һԨͣȣȻģģʲô¶Ųľ
Ľü˿ɲöԸ÷ˣֱӴܣ̽÷˼
÷ľˮɮһ㣬ܲʲôԼĽŲ˿ûо񲻴ڡ
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Ľ˵Ż÷鱧ȭ˳ƴһۡ
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䳤Ũüۣеվȴ͸һ˿ţ˲ɵøС
Ľֲֵ̾ʥڵӷģȷʵһˣʥڵĵľթһЩѶ飬߱紨һ㣬ʯŮѶ顣
ЩŮһ飬ɽ緢ҽԶԶ˵ǿ뼤ңԶֹ
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Ҳо˺⣬һεڿУʱ˹ëһ
ƸоҲϴ赤볣˲̶ͬʤһܸܵһͷ


65 ɱ
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⻪̾˿ǽˣû뵽
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÷ʦϴ𣿡æ
⻪ų˰ɣ
⻪ףţԳϴˣ
ô죿ü֮ɫ
Ѿͷǹңôױɱ÷ʦɱġ
÷ʦǵʥڵľѧԽüͷ
Цۺ׿Ҫġ
ҡҡͷǲ֪Ľ׿ºУǲɵĵǣķҡ
ֵҲҵѰգǹң
⻪ƣϴ赤ɱ𹼸һʣ˷ʱ䣬ɣ
ǣʦ棡ƶʱȻ
Ľһǻϣæʦȥ󡣡
ȥȥɡڰ֡

ĽƮɽڣûطóǣֱϣ߳Զʱһǰͣס
ʱϣůڵģҲһ羭˵ȷʵ
Ȼͣסѣǳɣ
ûĽҡҡͷǲҲȥ˭ĵù˭ɣ
ߣȻһߡ
Ųʮ˻֣Ľվ俴
ĽһЩˣüҡҡͷǲɽڵˣ
÷ۺɣͷһߣͷӻҰףӣ˫۾ˡ
Ľͷۺ
Ǿͺãϣһ֣Ը
ʮʱӿĽΧڵУγγһƬ⺣
Ľ佣һ಻Ž
ȵվ룬Ӷסе⣬γһεĶƣƾǿնĳס޷ߡ
ûֻ֣ųУĽվţγһƬĻסԼ˪׵üë嵽һ
֪ۺû뵽زʮѶ⵶;Ȼ
һȻһָ̧ۣĽ͡һ޵ХУһ׹˲䵽Ľǰ
ĽȻԱһһҽУԭ񹥵Ļ˳ȥһֱɳء
ɫһ䣬̧ٴγĽһ׹⡣
ĽһСںﵴӯıܿ׹⣬һûˣ׹׿ء
Ľһ׹⣬һ֧Сһ֧ԲͲ

ĽǾʲôˣкԹ
߷ۣüĽߵģ㻹һȪ·ϵĺͿɣ
ĽǾҵˣ
ʩչͨһŪǵݣȻǾҵſͣĽһҾǾɭļ塣
ԭǱģĽҡͷ̾ʤôҪ𣿡
ߣȻ֪ˣ˵Ҳ޷߳ҪĲʤϴ赤
ĽЦЦԭˣǾҸ̫С䲻𰡣
ϴ赤͵ҡҡͷְϴ赤̣ˣ
ĽҡͷЦЦˣǷϻ˵СˣĪ飡
˵ٿһ̣ʱһ죬һ굹ȥĽ漴һ̵ִ̣һˡ
Ľ··ʧȥ˵ֿƾĽԼ˿ûеֵĶ
ǷӦϻųҪԹΪأȰ˵
Ľ֪ҪɱԼû֮һһˣת۹ʮɱһ롣
ɫȻһ֣ˣߣ
ĽǺЦһһٿĵ˻߸ǰһ̳͵һ̧֡
͡һ׹˲䵽Ľǰ
ĽὣһһֻСڽлһ鶯Ľ⣬Ѿ̴ߺ
ͣһХһ˲䵽Ľ
ĽνһĽʮͣסγƽߣɼ
Ľվˣ΢Ц÷飡
һ˾վĽ棬˸ԶղŵһδռϷ硣
ֻ¶һ˫۾Ľȴһϳ÷
÷鷢һЦ˺ë𣬻ڣĽһˡ
ͣһһ罵٣˲䵽Ľǰ֮첻ѷ
ĽܿµóʥڵľѧʥڵĽҲС
÷Цһִ̳һ
ĽԿԿ죬˽һ壬һĻ
ת۹˹һٶལĽһ߻ӽһߵ÷飬õľ⽣Ϊôһ׽ɱˣ
죡÷Ϻȡ
Ľҡͷ̾»ôݶ֮ˣôң첻ţ
÷顰ߡһ͵һһȦһʧޣһӰ
ĽĽ죬ԼˣôȥҪӦĳһܷǽһ˳⡣
ܣ÷ЦһֵĽǰ
Ľȴһٿĵֱܿ˽⣬÷һһһһ죬̵Ľܲһ


66 
Ľ֪Ǵ̼Ǳܳ־ãֻҪһζʱ䣬÷齫սΨһҪǵߡ
Ľһ߶һ̾ίʵ÷ĽһԶԼĽ٣жϣӲһֱԤУԲܽұܹ
Ľһһߴ̼Ϊһ׽ɱˣϧ׽һ㣬û޵еĵزֵֵã
΢Цҡͷһϧ顣
÷ͣסŽŭȣ㵽˭
ĽҿľٶòһŲǵģΪˣ
÷Ŀ纮ʥڵӣ
ĽЦҡͷʥڵӣΪʥڵӣҲ룬ʥҪɱ㣬ôã
㵽ʲôˣ÷˸
ܶ϶ĽʥڵӣʥڵӴǲʥڵһ־֪
ĽЦЦҲɽҰ֮˰ˡ
ģ㵽кĿģ÷ٽЦ
Ľҡͷ÷飬һѪ֮ˣɱˣǲÿҪε
÷ЦÿҪεԹңԹֻԹʥڣ
ĽЦ⻰Ȥ
÷Ц㲻ʱƫԸҪܽӵһұ㲻ɱ㣡
Ľüͷһ£Цɣ
÷һ̧Ľȴһٿĵ󣬺һš
÷鶯һͣͷؿڣһѩ覵Ľ⣬ڳЦ档
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Ľ̾˿ҡҡͷֻɱ㣬ͬھ
֮ͨ£֪÷һеҪͬھʹʥһΨŮ֪عԪ

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Ľνãҡͷ̾鳾ڿ԰Ϣˣ
ߵ÷ǰȻһ÷һĽܿˡ
÷۾͵󣬾â䣬ĵĵâʧĽܸоô뿪塣
̾ߵ÷ǰýһһۣԲ羵ӣϸ壬һƷ֬񣬺ˮһ㡣
뻳У˵ʥڵӵı־
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ĽϸСӣȻ÷Լдģս͸һ˿ѣֹ˵Ļȷʵס
Ľɨһ۱ҡҡͷ÷ǸյģС壬ΪĻɱ졣
ѹԼܵס漰һЩһЩķǳá
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Цһ˶û˼һˣСĸƲˣ
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ҲһԣʱԱߵʳʹ۲ʳ˶˵ǼƷܡ
Ľһ߳һߺȣܿԱˣ磬Ʊһַ£ӻͳ
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Ľһˣĥһ
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ţָܿǣеĲȥָûŰžΪУ
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ĽĿͨҰæҪæģ
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̾˿ƵܸħཻŴɵĹأ˭Ҳܻأ
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֪Ծͺáͷǣ
˵ӣתȥĽҡͷʧЦ


67 
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кСˣȴС֪Ѿˣղλ׹Ӱæġ
ĽЦЦڰ֣СȻ£ĽһɨһΧԱʳ͸Զ˵
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÷ĶţɽҲžһڱԼɱˣ˵ء
ңԼˣɽӦжϳʥµ֣ڵһţɽҲ뷭
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Ҷ﷢һֱ̾ͦˣվ˰ضȻ£Ťͷ

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68 
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֪ˣҡͷ̾ҾûҪӳ顣
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Ľٺմӣ
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Ľ˿̾ҡͷˣǰѾһ£һҪǵҲɢˣ

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ĽҡҡͷӦò֪
ѹӳȥܱţΪɽڵԵʣĽ̾Ϣ뵽֮絶ʡ
µķҲ׼һɽܲΣգֲɽˮҪΣգ˾ܳΪ֣ܿҪɥ
ѹ̫Ϊûʲôֻ֪ڹһΣձԭΣһĵӣ书ǿҲûá
Ǿͺðˣ׼һݸ㣬ȥҲɱˣȻ㵽ɽƽɽô죬ٺͨͣҲҵ㣡
Ľһ£ҡҡͷ

ô𣿡üʡ
ĽӻͳһСӵϣվվ˳̯ʯ粢ż硣
˵ߴ١
仯װĨȥԼϵȴûı䣬Ľһֶصζ
ĽЦЦ÷ƽɽҵҰɣ
ʮѽѷƽɽҲɱˣ
ĽûбӣƽҰ˷䲻ɱˣȴҲʲôö
⵹١ͷҪûƽҰûôӣĽǿҲ
Ľ΢Цʶһ£
ҲǶĽ͡¶΢Цɱõ÷飬ӦܶԸ˷ƽɽ
ĽٺĽһֱ̣ýῴʵ
һٺĽ͵ǽڵĽǿǿȥ
ĽȻڣ
ô㲻ţ
Ľɻĵ˵ٺĽǽڵģ
һλڵӴŵһȻѳţͷ洴ٺ󡣡
Ľһ£ҡҡͷܰɣ˵ĻǵΪβֱٺչģ
ߣٺãüЦʱǡڻսķѷֱ֮ʣٺվȽŸ֮ҽʥһͳѾȥٺѾˣ
ĽԾ쳣ʵû뵽㣬¼֪Ĳ࣬ӡ
룬ҡͷҪô˵ʥڵĽӦúôû
ҡͷ̾ڻս˲ŵ㣬ֶܶʧнڣ̫£ûȫ򣬷ССһٺ󣬾ֿ֮

ĽٺҲǣܺãǲȫ򡣡
ߣǲǱǵĽͲȫûϵķЦ
Ľüͷһ£˵ǵķ뽣ϣ
ߵͽȷʵǸ֪ŪķپҲ罣ڱķ
Ľʲô
ҡҡͷص䣬˵޵УҲûڵŵϧû򣡡
ĽЦ뿴һ
ֵҲ룡Ƕûϣ˵ˣûˣձҲǺߵģ㽣ãȴǵĶ֣
Ľ̾ҡҡͷЩʧ
⹦򣬻ſٺĽأǱָˣܵģ
ĽЦйȥʥһˡ
ɫһ䣬æҡͷͷҲϽˣ
ĽЦЦôɽ̶Ѩɣ
ɫ䣬æۺҪʦ֪Ҹ棬ɱ㣬ң
Ľüа
ҡͷ̾ϢΪʦ
ĽȻͷõӱƭɱΪʦܲʹ޲ʹ࣬ǨŭڱҲ
ɻĵʦΪε𣿡
ʦȥ𡣡ɫϧɽƴʦˣ˲
Ľͷ̾ʦʵס
ǧʦ֪ȻĻɱ㣬ҲҪң
ĽЦǺðɣպл˵ɡ

ʯ·һ˵
ѾŪ˰ɣĽ΢Ц
һۣӻͳСӣݸĽˣȰһ䣬ٺô׶ԸģЩ
ĽӹˣĵЦЦò
ѽҡͷ֪ȰҲûá
ĽַԽԽľ鱨ϸľϲʲôʲôƽʱϲȥʲôˣһ¥ٵĹɵȵȡ
Ľţɱ׾٣κһ̿ͣдɱϣ
̧ͷ㣬̾ʥڣ
΢ЦⲻǵСˣ
Ľʮİգ
ҡͷƽҰҲбµģǲݰ
ǰĽЦһȻҲɱ˲λʦ㣡
ʣʲôʱ֣ҪҪҰæ
Ľֵˣҵ
ǲ֪á
ĽЦȱŮˣҿܵȶã
̾ǺðɣʲôҪæ𣿡
Ľ㹻ˣлˣ
һۣˣ
ĽЦãˣ
תߣ£ʧڽֵսǴĽʧķ΢΢һЦ
ʥڵӣദȴƵĮʵǸҵģ̫һЩ
룬Ǵıһݣʼ˹ĳһľ磬ģ°΢뿪ʼ
һз֣ܹ̼ǰɺ棬õˡ
һҳɼҵ꣬ʱһ˰㣬һ°׳ųһȣ룬ò֮ʮˡ
ĽڳתһȦȻָòƮȻƣֱٺȥ
֪ٺλãǱʱڿջЪţСϢķһϣȻСĵ뿪
ĽȻܣСֽչһƣıʼдС֣ݳǡ
Ľ¶һ˿ЦݣƽҰٺ󣬵˾ݳǡ


69 ٻ
ݳλ˺֮ǽͨŦַھʦ֮¡
ݳǵ¥һų¾ɫھݣĽСֽ϶϶ġ
ںɫ֮ԣݳǾʥأܲȥܲ
ĽݳǺ󣬺ܿһԺӣһԺӣȻڴˣȷʵһܣĽ̾ϧԼΣҰһ㣬
ݳˮǣкӵݺᣬ峿ʱ֣ĳںϣΧլԺһ㱡֣ݳ֮С
ֵĺӱߣһֻУźӱò񳣬ƮƮɷ֮
һǰ裬ǻ书ģ̬ûһ˵ģǻʶĺԣٶ࿴һۡ
ǸıӵĽ
Ժλںӱߣÿ峿ʱ֣źӱɢʵ֮۹۲⾣ݳǡ
ݳǷ֣ҲԻԼͬ˼˲Свٵֶ֡
Ǿݳĸ˼ңǾݳǺĻҲǲԻвٵĶִڣǴ
ݵĴҲһգԶˣ󻨴ϵֲͬһСұζеϲõõˣеϲЩСұҸŮһ㡣
Ľ֣ЩŲٵĸ֣ɰԸ̾Ǻ棬ǼΪλҪӪɫˣЦˣ
ʲôأĽ̽ףЩǣһУŪòݣƽ鷳
һһ߹۲ݳǣǿᾫ񣬿԰ݳǾУϸĹ۲졣
ϧ֪ƽҰòҲڵ㣬Լ
û㣬ĽѾмˣûĶĿԼʹ书Ҳûãûʩչ֮
Ҳڿһ㣬ܲҵԼԼǴӣʹϤ֮Ҳϲ

֣ţȻһ
ĽǺЦתһװսȣһŮģվߡ
һϮī̾װȵľԣıͱˣһ˼ԸС
ĽһװãȻģȭʩ񣺡λ˵
һһۣװģģ
ĽЦ˻ʵڲף
ִǲǣûĵ಻ȷʵùһˣ
ĽЦеĵȴ׹㣬ô£
ͱ¹ˣĵ
ԽԽϤÿһ棬ϤһΣоʶ˺ö꣬ˡ
ĽЦ֪ˣһ϶ֽţǲǣ
˵Ǿǰɣһÿɷ
ĽͷЦӦòǡô£
㣡ĵ
ĽЦЦӦĳһɣ֪Լλõһ鷳Լ¿ɲ
ôˣѩĽ䲻ɫҲµõ
ĽЦȷʵЩڡ
İɣֻʮ֮ڸӦ㣡
ĽüͷһЦඣʥڣѧǼһﻹڳɣ
ţֺأͷ
Ľһ⣬æοһ¡
˵㲻ĵ
ĽԴ׵ģʰˣ
һ£üܾ̽
ĽЦЦסһӣӦһ㹻ˣ
⵹Ǹ⡣ͷҪסߣ˶һ
ĽЦˣ
һ֪˼Цǲƣţ
ĽЦеĵͷȷʵˣ֮˽֮˵ǲǣ
ߣаסɣһӰɣЦ
Ľҽ˷ֵܣҪסһ뿪װǱǵסѣɽ֣˭ܲ鵽ϣ
ȷʵεĵͷ

ٻǾݳһܴϰˣһ¥ٻԶݳǣвٵĴٹ˶Ľ
ÿʱ֣ٻƵʱ֣ʼ밶ںεʱƻͨ˿ƮԶԶĶܿ̾ѣ޲Լڴϡ
ٻʲô˶ϵģƱҪһӣʹڷľݳǣһѰ˼һĻѲʮϴҪĻѣѰ˼Ҹ붼롣
ʱ֣ĽƮȻһŰƱȻ̤˰ٻ
ٻһ㣬ɣΡ֮УҹɫûӿѾƻͨ
̤ϴ֮һλʮİӭһϮŵ̬ȴû̳֮ɫ
ӭӭδЦ죬ǳǳȻЦ绨ʢ
Ľ΢Ц裬ˡ
үǿءȻЦŵһ΢Цûүմ
Ľ΢Цº
ںһС˵ԾԼķҲʥĸоúܺ档
үЪһЪЦתǰͷ·ĴʱǰһȻлȻ֮С
ܰƵǾһһ߳ŹϹģеĽͷӶġ
Ľɨһ۴һƬյأȻԴΪԲ˽ʮӣһ̫ʦΣ
ʱѾ˶ʮˣһ֪Ǹ󣬸в׵ȡ
Ľһɨһָ֮ģߵͷԼ£û
Ľ΢΢һЦһŵ꺺ӡ

꺺Լʮ꣬òƽƽ˶ע⣬һ˫۾ƺҪ˿͸
ʱ΢۾ƺĽעӺ⡣
ǸƽҰ
Ľѹеɱ⣬΢ЦɨһˣȻһ뷶ƽҰڵλˣҲ
ʱţֽʮˣǸˣҲǾݳǵˣȫصĸ̡
ҵط£ǽ֮˶飬׳Կ
ĽȻԵõĳŹϹĵɨһұߵķƽҰʲôͷŭ
ĵֵһܿƣȻЦλүǿ
˾һһǽĿĿʼ
˻ΣȻǸоƶ뿪˺Ӱʼںε
һ°ƣǣʼ
˿漴һȺŮӴӲ룬ʼ衣
һȺŮһվãƣһ±ûȡ
ĽߵŮԼʮ꣬ȳƣ崿ŵҲһƷ˶Ƕ˲Ƶġ
Ľһۣ΢Ц﷼
СŮ㡣ŮīЩɬĵ
Ľͷˣ
ʮˡ
ĽЦǺʱأϾưɡ
Щæңæִϣ˫ֶ͵ߣĽҲһڡ
ǡڴʱһȺŮÿһԷСˣһ˫磬һС̳ơ
磬ĽСˣ͵ߡ
Ľˣ΢Цһû׻˶ϸµźĸܾܾˣ

Ǵúܱأ¶һ⣬赸ʮŮȴ֣ŶǶ㣬һۺ챡ɴŤ֮ʣǡ
ĽΪЦе˵һʩչͨҡͷ̾ϢҲǿˣĸͻòһ³˹ŮΪ游ĸᣬûǮƣǰԼ˰ٻӸĸ˹ײġ
ͷһγæźˣĽԸоɬ˵ϸѵһ˿
Ľһ߸ģĽţһߴܣٻ治򵥣ŮӸ˶мλǸ֣
λһλĸ֣Ϣ֮һ޷ϧĽ
Ľɨһ۴ͷվŵߣȥ̬ӣȴҲǶĸ֣ƾ⴬ϻλʹһҲֲϡ
Ľ֣΢ЦүкηԸ
Ľָһ㣬Ц裬ؼң迪۰ɣ
ʱ¶Ϊ飺үСѾͷֱŵģȥ
ĽЦҸլӣûˣͦ˼ֽŲɣʤڴӡ
ЦүҪٿѾͷִ֣Ҿºүڡ
ĽЦ˰գ᲻ã
Ҫ˵һ᲻ãСѾͷǸТŮ̾ҡͷϧʱãɣҿүҲǺˣһǧɡ
һԵɴ۾ĽЦŴӻͳһƱݹȥʣµҰ˰ɡ
үʹ죡̾һԭΪĽּۻۣû뵽ôʹ졣
ƱպãȥˣֻݸĽһԼȴĽݸ㣬Ц㣬ԸҰɣ
һ£ͷ


70 
ĽЦЦҲû˵֪ʵԸ⣬ɼǴڰٻźˣС檡
ԺܶЦźһˣߵһѾѡ񣬶ҿĽҲһ˿Ρ
迴һ㣬̾㣬úźүһѾǼõģҪ֪ǣ
ǣ衣ͷ
Ľ΢Ц裬֪мĿ
ȻЦүԼĿģĻһʮĿ˳꣬ȻүԼѡ񡣡
ŶĽͷЦʮĿݵʲôʱ򣿡
ҹ˰ɡЦʱҲˣϢ
ĽЦðɣҾͺúÿˡ
һĽһƣȻ뿪ˡ
ĽζĿŽĿźˣʱĵϹϹϾƵݵߡ
ĽһͽĿһߴƽҰôƽҰɱ
ʱУʱɿţĽ̾ѣٻĽĿ赸ǳ裬Ƕˮ׼˳԰Σһգ۹򣬰ҹѾȥʮĿˡ
轿˳УЦһһתɨˣǣЦλүʱˡ
ĽǺЦ裬ǵθڣʼɣ
콿ЦƺߵĵүǸʹˣðɣСŮҲˣСţй򡣡
һת΢Ц˵СɣλүСȹҹ
һһ̧̧֡
һ˳ߵ
һ긻ֵ̧
һӢ˫۱âΧˣв֮һ㡣
ƽҰ̧һ֣һǧ
Χ˶ʱһͣתͷɲСĿһǧĽ崿ŮӲһǧѾĿȻҲϲЦտֲ֧

ƽҰɨһˣģ벻⡣
ĬȻСŮ˵СһҲҪôԩӣʱ򲻹߰ӡ
ƽҰģȴǵ⣬ĽС֮Ļ֮лһԸˣ
ţ˫۷ųâ§СϵߵŪ
أȻһһǧһ
ƽҰתͷȥȴױߵĽЦе̧֣Լһۣƺ֮⡣
ƽҰüɹȥֵ̧һǧ
Ľ΢Ц̧֣һǧ
һǧİƽҰȵ
Ľ΢Ц̧֣һǧŰ
ǧƽҰһ£ҧҧߵ
ĽջҡҡͷʱЦúķүúãǧүСأ
Ľ΢Цҡҡͷǧ
ƽҰҧ޲һĽˣﳡϲԣһĶԼûùӳԡ
ܸоͷɲ⣬ԼǶ֣һ־ֺãֻܳƿĽʹ֮
轿ЦҲ˵ˣλүɣ
Ľһֱ֣ӵһǧ
һǧ迩ЦүǷҪλ˶Źҹˣôأ
ĽЦ˵ˣҺòһˣֶܿ飿
轿Цүǣ
ĽǾҪˣһοɲף
һǧһһ̳
Ľֱӵһǧ
˶ʱһͣЩʹЩŭĵĽĽôһͣȫˡ
Ľ΢ЦһˣǷƽҰƺһЦЦ
ƽҰĻһ´ʱŭһǧ
Ӵǧһ漴쿩ЦүθڻأȻҪСһ㣬⻹ͷһأү

һϯ˵÷ƽҰֱɫ˶佱Ǹ˶ܲס
Ľһ֣ǧ
ǧһĽӻﻻƱڰڡ
æүǺαأ
ĽЦеĵͼһʹ죬ǧӦˣϾͽƱ
ţƽҰϺһǧ
ǧЩɫ䣬ԳԵү⡭
ĽЦǺðɣǧҲܳˣøˣ
ƽҰһĽЦִӿˣ
ģƽҰһۣĵûͱ棬öۡ
ĽЦЦҡͷҵҪ㻹жӣɣ裬һֱӳǧ
Ǻӣ轿Цһæλүɻиǧģ
ĽЦпһ۷ƽҰүӿɹã
ƽҰЦǧ
Ľǧ
ǧƽҰ
Ľһ£ǧ
ƽҰЦǧ
Ľһ̯֣ҡҡͷˣүԼܰɣһһϣһ
˶ЩĿɿڴĿˣĽɾһʱԼܸоĽǹˡ
ƽҰЦպεģǲ㷶үǲǣ
Ľҡͷüү⻰˵˰ɣһСķ󣬿ϧƫҪԣЩǴ۰ɡ
ǹ⵷ңƽҰ
Ľüͷһ£ҡͷүѾһСôô̰ģⶼˣҲˣ
ӾҪԶʳģƽҰЦһƲƲ죺СûǰӷһЩǻ
ĽЦеĵүвô
ߣ㻹ƵԼƽҰЦŰڰ֣ˣø㵢ʱ䣬һֵǧ裬߰ɣ
ү룡æЦ˶¥
ʣµεҡҡͷҲ˶¥ûģֻܶԶȹҹ

Ƭ̹¥ĽߣүҪҪСߣ
ĽЦеĵ⻰⣿
үⷶүӣܻҺү鷳СŮӿүǱһܰɡ
ĽЦƲඣ
æ֣һ㣺ү˵ʵܺү뷶үôŪСŮӵ£ǲǣ
ĽЦΪҪ£
һǴϲܳ£ߣ㣬һү뷶үô죡
ĽЦҡͷһСŮӼƽϣ
̾үСŮӱıûУ˫۾ܿ˵ģүɲƲŲŮأ
ĽЦЦͷˣǱģҸ߰ɣ
ͺãͺãæĵͷ
Ľ֪пĳɷݣȴüƽϣѵúͿ
վĽһԲɵúܣܿȥ漴֡
Ľ㣬뿪ɣ
ǣӡ
˳˴ܿ쵽ͷһһվڴͷŴͷС˳ǸߵҴȥ
˵һץĽһҲ׽סƮƮ䵽Сϣȷ¡
ĽЦЦһȭ΢Цлɣ
һۣΪ֮ɣ
Ľָ֪ǷƽҰЦǣлɹġ
Ը㻹ܹҡͷƮƮɻش󴬡

վڴϣүǲǻȥỮǿ߰ɡ
㿴ĽĽȭ΢ЦĶ¼סˣպ󻹻ģ
үأЦһһ
Ľ㣬ɡ
ͷ˽СأСһ뿪˰ٻ
һƬżдƣʱǶ磬ʹֵĻҲˡ
СỮ棬ųȥĽ˵סլλãͷСӯĽ˳ǣƣͣĽլſڵİߡ
СǰȻĽſڣŽȥһߴլӡ
լ֮ûˣо⡣
ĽһһЦ쿪ʼȥ˰ɣúù
ǣүɵӦһ¶˷飬ԼլӵŮˡ
ԭΪٻʼҵӣΪ游ĸҪܹ˿࣬ȥˡ
ȴû뵽һתһγôһλֱͣԼʱһ䣡
ĽԼһסȻᣬʼϢʱܿţת۵˵ڶ峿
峿ʱ֣źӱˬУȻһ֣һӹʮ׵ĺ棬䵽Ľ档
ĽһЦװģ㡪кιɣ
պεģȻסƽҰЦ
Ľü˭ס
ƽҰЦͲعˣڣ
ĽȻŵĵүһǮ𣿺αҪҪģ
պεԹңƽҰЦҲ˭ҧһ۵Ҷ໨һӣ
ĽЦһҸˣ
ؼһƽҰһ֣ЦҪģպεģνɣ
ĽЦЦҡͷҪ֣


71 ϷŪ
ƽҰҲУʮӣպεĲǮͳҾһ
Ľʮе˰ա
ʮСòֵƽҰߣ´Сӵģģ
ĽüΣ
պεģǲǲǣƽҰϺһ̤ǰּۻۣһ㣡
Ľڰֵʵûôˡ
ðǾɣƽҰ̤ǰһЦǱQͦʵûӳʲôͷ
˵γĽæֵţºҾӶڲ
نҪôʮҪôƽҰЦ
Ľٵ
˵ءƽҰ¶Ц顣
Ľׯϳ࣬ϺһôĵӣǾݳǣǬѸɱˣ
ӴǸˣƽҰЦҡͷӣôģ
ƽҰȤĽòޣԼҪôһòŮ˻αԼȥ׷ȥ᣿
Ľ֮²ţһ򾹸˷»£
˵úãƽҰİƣ΢ЦҲ̽ףҡ
ߣ׾ͺãĽ
ƽҰ΢Цýʰ򵥣
˵ŻһСԲʯͷƴСʯͷǱˮˢԲ缦ǡ
ƽҰѽʣʯͷ峿ĵ£Ȼһ֣ĵʯͷѳ˾ȵꡣ
ΣƽҰЦĿĽĹͷӲʮǹͷ飿
Ľ죬һ£¶ɫɫȻַŷƽҰ
ƽҰҡҡͷǸԲڷľأðɣҲɱ鷳һĹͷһһ飬ʯͷһ
֪ɱһ˻鷳͢Զ˵ıɱǾǴ
Щ˷ΰη壬ڳҲܾ·硣

ĽЦշģȰ㲻Ҫ󣡡
Ǻǣ˼ƽҰӥСһҵҪʲô鷳Ǹģӵܣ
˵Ż̽ĽҪ׽úĥһԽͷ֮ޣݻ벻⣬ٺ󲻾ңԼֳӣ˭Ҳκβá
ĽȻһһ۵ǰһؿڣȻ󷢳ĴЦշģϵˣ
飡ƽҰһ·ɳȥ˺ʱֻСζѣһֻСĽģһֻǷƽҰġ
ĽվڰߵĴЦշģΪֻ书书СҲԣǺǡ
ƽҰˮڼ£³Ѫɫһ²ҰףݺݵһĽεԼߣ˴
ĽһˣЦܣ
䵽ԼĴϣȻһţС֮ƽҰ
ƽҰһãæҲһţСһܿĽĳײ֮ա
ƽҰһ˵еˮԣһˮԼıʮһԼˣѪӿ޷һˮͳɥ֮ȮҲӲˡ
ƽҰһƣĽΪɵһʽûʲôһ֣ΪʤԼһ
Ľ΢Цվڴߣһɨ飡СǱӡ
ƽҰʩչֻܰγ
飡Ľһ£Ľǵȥʩչɣ
˵ֻӶݻСϣžСķѣƽҰбҲֻˮ
ʩչṦų䵽ˮ˵
ĽǺЦҡҡͷӼ˻ҧأǽ̽㲻Ҫ̫
˵ŻӸݻ顱ƽҰˮĽ
ƽҰݻӽ񵲣ϧ̫죬Լû̫ûܵס
ֻ񱻴ӻУҧԼ˫Ľ
ĽˮظسȴԹĵԼЦЦ㲻ΪƾèĽңǶˣǸɵأ
ǺЦҡҡͷúúȵˮѰɣ
һţСܿصߣĽƮ˰ֿһں︡ķƽҰ΢Цֵң
ţƽҰ³֣ǴģҪΧĺˮɱ
ϧҲı䲻ľ״ʹһ鷢䣬ʱԹȥ
֪Լ̫ˣ˲ŵ˰ߣϵʯϣǰһ󷢺ڣ־ǿѹźڰӻͳһСƿ
ˮƿڣһ첻ɫοӺ׼һƿҩȫ̷
ЩԹȥȴһǿŬ˹߶ҩ
ԭʧصһ˿ָ֮һСɣȻ߶ҩһůܰƮ䣬һ񣬺ڰٳ֡
۾Ťͷܣ峿ʱ֣ǶûѹΧһУûˡ
ûĽһ޺ҧҧٴţһպεĸ⣬ҪɱԼûл֮
ҧŬվȻźӱߣһֱдкһ˴˴˴
ĽվԶѶֻʵ뿪Цҡҡͷ

ʱ֣ĽһСͤжСͤڻ԰룬ΧǷġ
ʯϰŹϹƣЩúܵϸ£ŪЩţ˵Ҫȥˡ
ĽڰɵȻ鲻࣬ЩɬܴҲӣõ÷ġ
Ϧ£ΧһбԽԽ죬Щ䣬΢⣬ˣĽ
⻨԰̾ԭ˵£ԼլҲ
ӯĽŲһϮӻŮ磬̬ˡ
վС̨ͤǰӯӯүˡ
Ľ´ŮһۣͷŮòͨȲҲʵͽģǵ֮ˣ̤ʵϸɣܳԵ˿ۣܵ˵ĺѡ
Ľɨһ㣬¶Цݡ
ֻԼһС˼һ±͸ˣæͷȥү̫ҿͦá
Ľͷ΢ЦţˣĻʱˣظ˵ˡ
ǣ㻶ϲӦ
һҵŮ˵ĸоɩɩҴǰһ£Ϳʼæɡ
ǣ긾˳ӵĵͷ
֪ԼɱȨϣȻʲô˼ΪͶֻʵʵ
Ľ֣ĵȥȥɣ㣬ǵ⼸첻Ҫţ
ǡûʣӦһŮ뿪˺԰һһߵ԰ǲܽôүһЩҲҪӣΥĻֻߡ
ڰٻܹϸѵΪʨӴ󿪿ڣĽŻԥĸǮ
ĽˣҡͷЦЦ㻹СŮ˵˼ҴŮ·ֳɣԼŮˡ
ͨҪʲôǻܿܣѸӦݣΪûͷ沨˳Ȼ̰ġ

ת۹ȥĽ峿źӱˮĿˬϲָо
ٺ١ȻһЦƮһֻСͷվŷƽҰһװ峤еԹܰˡ
ĽЦЦշģ㻹ģ
ƽҰЦպεģҾͲշ
ĽЦЦղշҺ£ûôмӣ
õƽҰȻŭ
Ľվڰߣҡҡͷ˺ˣ
ƽҰҧպεģһúñģ
ĽЦðҵҪֶΣ
ְγڳһƣŷƽҰգ
ƽҰһţбĽڿб̳һ뽣Ϊһ׺ֱĽ
Ľһ˺һеУ
Ʋֱ棬ƽҰƲˣˣϽ罭ӵ¡
ĽӽֵĽĿﴫԶö
պεģƽҰһ߻ӽһߵЦ緢ơ
һ˵ĺǰһɢ⣬޲쳤ХһԼ֮⡣
ĽŴˣת۹ʮûл֧֮š
ƽҰʮ㣬񹥲£ʱæЦߣСӵмֱ£һ
һȻ˫ֳֽ͵һһϮ
ĽȻ۾â䣺˰ˣһ
Ľ̳ŷƽҰĳ̵ǰĽȵһƽҰֻܺˡ
ĽָŴ̳һ͡һХ²˺ƽҰֻܺˣһ̫졣
Ľָһ̳һƵ÷ƽҰֻܺˡ

ĽЦշģĽˣм־ϧ鰵ͶǱ֪ʲô˼ɣǺò˱ˣ
պεģƽҰŭߡ
ĽЦһΣ´Σɱģһжûģ
˵սⶸһƽҰһæҪˣȴѾˣֻһʹ漴ء
ĽٿһŰ߽
飡ƽҰˮҵˮĽСϵĴ򿴵һҿ
ƽҰŭĽպεģҵ֡
Ľ̫̣⾫Ľûֵĺã
㡭ƽҰ׹ɭɭʹ񶾵˻ƣպεģƲ
ĽʣᵭЦЦ⻰Ѿ˵ˣȥúŰɣ˲ã˵ģ
պεģţƽҰ˫͵һŤͷһ
΢΢һһȣʱɥΥæ߶µĳ˸ݹ
ĽҡҡͷǸﰡ
ƽҰ⻰Ѫҧ֨֨죬ŤͷĽһۣȻŭȵ
æĵͷ뿪ˡ
ĽЦЦƽҰˣҧֶ񶾵
ĽȫʧڳҡͷʧЦԼһϷݵûͣΪϧ
žžİĽŤͷһƣƮһֻСƵͷվһŰµŮ߱ӯһȻĶ
Ľ΢۾һ˳ЦЦ
⻨ϵĹˣԭò˼ȴѾ˶ˣصʣס˵Ŀ⡣
Ľ㽿ЦŴ˵ĵˡ
ıòˣһˣȴΪö
ĽЦЦСˣ
콿Цϴգ̫Īʪѡ
ð˶ܾܾĽЦƮƮ䵽ǰСҲû
Ṧ㸧̾
˿źһĽ书һɫһ磬ֳܳ
ǽֵΧ׷׶һ߿֣龰Ľ̾˶ӢԹžǾ䡣
ǺԼ书ãܶ˶ģȴҲû̫עϾԷֻһ⾣ݳǺòúܣһϡ档


72 ɱ
Ľ˴գʱ˱ǶĽϲЦô磿
㷢Цתǡ
ĽЦԣЦʱģ
˵أЦһ棬ִһƣ΢ЦŵݹһϷأ
˶öԷĻȫǼϷ˵Ĵ̼棬Щִ˲ƣĸо
ĽЦƲѣֻܳ²ˣԸܺúøɡ
΢ЦҡͷİɣһƼ֪ƽɽֲ˵ģ
ĽЦǿδأСӢۣһ磬̫ί˰ɣ
αص棿΢Ц˵һС檣޸أ⼸ݽ˰ɣ
ĽЦЦȷʵסˡ
ͷﷱ֣ȷʵĵطյúܺãԸġ
Ľ㲻㣬㾡δãֻܸɣ㿿Ҳ鷳
Ҳ˳·ġ΢Ц
Ľһ£̧ͷһۣȴû˵
˵ա
Ľ΢Цҿ˲ٵĸ֣Ƕʲôˣ
Ƴˣҡҡͷһʲô˶УԺھݳǶ䡣
ĽвŵӰɣ
Цһҡҡͷ˵ˣĽĬˣֲܶ˵ҲԲʣЦСѾͷܹɡ
бǺúһǧ𣡡
Ľ΢ЦҿҲǿˣȾʵѵãһѣû˼
ߣ˭֪ˣЦ˵û˼ظ˵
Ľ⵹ҲǣѣѰУȴܳΪŮѣ
˶Ǿģһϲܿȥ

ﰲĽһۣΧõúţϢʾƷζ
ĶƢܰĽһۣ΢΢̾Ϣ
Ҳ΢̧̾ͷǡĿײȴûֳƽʣɱ˷ƽɽ֮׼ô죿
ĽȻһ֪֮ٺ󻹲߾Ͳˣ
أʡ
ĽЦعɣߴߣǸù˱ɣ
֪ͺãüĴҲǰû뵽㻹ǡ
ĽЦЦڰٻϣ֪ߣǲǣ
ߣҵҪôｻЦ
Ľ΢Цҵġ
ŮϾûôȣʲôŮˣҡͷѽ鷳
ĽΪȻЦЦ㰵ҧûʲôŮ飬ʲô㡣
Ľʲô£
ߵһˣһ£㲻֪
Ľ΢Цһֱ֪ʥڵļڣ˵Σ
㵭أ⡣
ĽҲ˵
˵ʲôͬ
ĽЦǺѰɣ
㵭ƳһۣǿǰɣѾ͹ˣ
Ľ̾ˣ
ţ飡㻺ͷ
絶ԼĽεЩĪ֮ͲͨʱҲסˡ
ģмʹУߵҪûʲô£ˡԶˣ
ĽҲñŤͷСĵƽʱԵһʱ䡣
ҿûôУߵ
ĽҡҡͷȻõ绻һˣŮĺ룬ӦȳΪ

ЩǱ뿪㾲ţá
֮̾˿ҡͷһЦһжˣ۽ն˿
֪һĽָ֮󣬽ĶԼĽҲû³
ΪˣΪãҲܿһͨãá
̾Ϣȴ¶Цݣ֮󣬼ʹʣֿյܣԾ
Ľ˰ŤͷС뿪Լһͷˣ룬Ǿ׿
ɽڿ£ٺҲ£ɱʥСױȴףʥڣĿǰԼԣ죬ΨгɳΪµһˣʸʥڡ
ʵʹµһҲʥڣǴ̫ãʹ֦ҶïˣӴþˣʤ
Ľ⾣ݳвʥڵӣһз紵ݶʥһ֪Լ㶼ӲʥڶĿ
ʹΪԼΪ㣬ҲܸŮ˽飬ẦԼڻûֻѡ̡
һ߳˼һ߻صԼСԺֱ԰ڻŪݣרע
ĽﰲһЩСͤ
үӯĹ
Ľ飬㣬æɣҡ
үǲ£΢Ц
Ľ̾Цǰ
²СĵүҪ£˵˵ɣ˵ﲻæү˵
ĽЦлĺ⡣
㿴û˵˼֪Ȥû˵ȥˡ
һ˲Ľϲ衣
Ľڶ飬û˵ס

ĽӾݳݳַǷĽڳУܸܵŨҵϢѹɽﲻͬ
ɽסڳĴլһ˵ĸоϾɽϣϢͬھݳȴʵ
ĽЩԣȴܣûһҲ¡
֪ʱûȥˣȻᵣģ⼸һֱڳй䣬ڼԼæһЩú˼룬Ѷĸоһ䡣
ߵſʱȻͣסլλںӱߣԺźӣȻŤͷȥ
һֻСվˣ߰࣬ĽüЦһȴϲˣ
һǷƽҰһòͨ뷶ƽҰФһЩһЩ뷶ƽҰȻͬ·һʵıˡ
Ľһ¾ܶ϶ǷƽҰĴ硪ƽɽ
ϸһ۷ƽɽ޳˫޳ʮָ޳ĺøǣһ˸гɾ͡
ƱˣҪ˿͸һ㣬ƽҰ˼ƣĽܶ϶ƽҰʺܶ඼ԴԷƽɽģ·ƽɽľٶϰߡ
ĽЦշģӲСۣҿɲҪˣ
պεģʲôƽҰȵΪèĹǽˣʶһʲôĽ
Ľƾ㣿ûϣ
ƽҰЦպεģµ⣡֣Ҫ˭ε˭
ĽЦˣƤӹеӵĹ
պεģҴ磡ƽҰָָߵˣЦҴٺ󡭡
϶˵ˣƽɽһ֣
磡ƽҰһﲻ֪ߵغ񣬵
ƽɽ¼¾ǣ
ðɣ磬ƽҰݺݵĵȻʵʲ
ƽɽü
ƽҰʾĿ磬ҵַˣˣѵ
첲ǣƽɽü
󡪡硪ƽҰŭ壺˷Ҹ첲Ҳ첲Ǳ˶ȣǲǴҲҪҵȣҪǲϣ˭ҵĳ˲٣һ֪ˣһҷ˵ģ
ƽɽһͷ
磬ǴӦˣƽҰ˷ܵĵ
ðɣһɱƽɽͷԺٸɵ£ҹܻᷭ
ƽҰæĵͷǣô磬һΣ
ѽƽɽεҡҡͷĸ磬ֻԼֵܶΪԼܵܣʵԼ졣
Ҳ֪Լ߻ˣܺݲġ

ĽֵˣҡͷЦЦһֵĳ棡
㵽ʲôˣգƽɽ
Ľٺӣ
ƽɽͷ
Ľü˵ٺɣΪٺӣô
ֵܣܲܲʣƽɽգԷ֣ҿԼ̣
󡪡硪ƽҰæе
ƽɽһ֣ʾ죬Ľ
ĽЦҡͷҪɱңֻ֣Ǳͣ飬û뵽䵽³ٺ٣һٺ󣬺һɣ棡
ƽɽüûϵӦӦ
ĽһۣЦҾٺ󽣷һ˼һգ
νƽɽĿ䣬ɱⲢΣֲ־Ϊһ졣
ƽɽͷãȲϣǾԹˣְɣ
һԾƽӹ棬䵽ĽǰְĽ⡣
ƽҰЦպεģɣ
Ľһ̣͡²˲䵽˷ƽɽǰƽɽһĨ⣬಻
Ľ磬ȴûȫ۲ٺ󽣷
ǰٺ󽣷ƽɽͬǾٺ洫ߣĽٺ󽣷İ
ƽҰվСϣɴ۾ŰϵˣĽ뷶ƽɽȫ֯һ˳ֻܿ˵ɫ
Ľɫɣ벻⣬ƽɽҲǸ˶֣һ
ƽҰ仯Ҳ峡еƣżһ룬罣׿Ÿͽһż֮
ĸհɫȻ䣬ֻĽȥĽһڷƽɽؿڣȻ󻺻ν
ƽɽɴ۾ָĽ㡭
˵ѪӿϺ˵˵ĵָĽ
ĽЦİɣһ㣡
˵һԾ䵽СϣƽҰӦˣȵ㡭㡭
һţĽһȻֹ
Ľҡͷ̾˿ûٶ˵齣һѩ覣մһ˿Ѫ
⽣ƽ潣ѪȾΪĽʡ
ĽԾϰѷƽɽʬװشϣʬ׶ڣݴһطˡ
Ťͷȥ
һֻС֪ʱʮĹսǣվڴͷƮƮˮ
Ľ΢Цּˣ
ӻͳһֻСƿһףʮԶĽֽӹˣɻ
ǻǷۣá
Ľüͷһ⾹Ȼ̸֮ɫĻǷۣ˵һܰ˻Ϊһ̲ˮ
⻯ǷѪһϣɿµľ綾һѪ֮ڻˮޱȣ˲õľ綾
ĽЦлˣ
ת˴գһԾ뿪С䵽ϣСȥʧں档
㿴һУͷŤ˴գСҲƮƮ뿪ˡ
ĽЦЦ̾һĹȻµĻլӣֱص԰Сͤһ鿴
Ѿ˲裬ĽйЦүʲô˵ˣ
ĽЦˣ
үüȩ̈һЩ
ĽüëЦԭˣ㣬뿪һӣլӣһ𣿡
үҪܾ𣿡ʡ
ĽЦ˵׼һ£һ꣬ʮꡣ
üǵȻүһˣ


73 ̻
ĽҡͷЦ㲻ߵĻҸ˼ˣȵĹӣңΣա
үˣүɣ
ĽЦҰһɣҪܿġ
ͷﶼˣֻҹµһˣүү㲻Ҫˣ
̧ͷĽģˮӯӯ
Ľ̾ҡͷ㣬ˣԴϵϣʱɥʵڲ֮٣
Ը⡣˵
Ľļִ֣̾ˣѡ·Ǵӽ쿪ʼ书ɣ
书ƣˮڡ
Ľǰߣû书Σգ࣬һŮܲߵס
ܣͷүĽЩȥŮˣٶĿҲ£
뵽Լ¿ΣЩ书ŮĽ֮Ҫ书Ͷ·ٻ
ĽЦŵͷ࣬ԼԶһŮܱȣĿ͡
ҽʹķʼĽЦ
лү˷ܵĵͷ
ĽҹӰɣû͡
ɻĽЦЦȥ׼ľͰҪԡ
ΪԼ书ǰҪһʽԡ㣬ɵĴӦһǣүӣ
Ľڰ֣ڵҷɡ
ǣӡͷӯӯ뿪ˣŽϾ˼ҵĺӣСһľͰܳǿܰöΪŮͣ±㲻Ϊˡ
һСͤӣѾˡ
Ľͷͤȥں棬Ľӡ

ѾһľͰݼˣڵİˣҲů˼֡
Ľûᣬֱϣָָ棺ϥ
һݣͱ糺죬ΪڿˣҪԼӣҧҧ˳⣬Լġ
һ䣬ʱһ
ĽЦˣôţ
ˣæͷϣĽģܣҪס
ǡӦһ
Ľʼ˹һע壬ʼ壬ʼ˺仯ᣬ֮˺ǺķˣٱǧС
ۻȥ뵽ҧһȨ岻Լģ俴
ʱ仺ţùʮ꣬ļһ־ӲûԹȥ
Ȼһ˲䣬һѣʹ糱ˮ㻺˳ȥ泩ëһӯһܴ
Ľ𣺡ˣ㣬ϴϴȻʼɡ
ǣӡӦһҡҡλˮ̳¶ȵߣǻˡ
Ľû齣ľͰһʱڣϮˡ
뿪ӣתѷźˣȻŲԶȥ
̱һľͰϣŷסͰأǰѾˮĽһʱΪˮپ书棬С
ҿһۣûĽԿӣܾмоľͰ
ˮһ°֣һᣬʱһ񣬺Ҳָ˼ˮԺȻӿһοھһ龰Լģһƣ˵͸һߴԺһ·һֱ鵽ѭתͣ
һ龰岻ɸԺ龰תһůԺ֣ȻתߵԺ·ߡ
֪붨ˣʱֹͣţعʱˮȵģо˺ܾá
ˮȣҲһȵϢ缦СһţתţƺǣϢת
ָоΪ泩ӯë־һȭܰ

⴫Ľ㣬ˣ
ӣ㾪һæһǰ漴Ľ⣬æӣҺˣ
ţǳȥ䡣Ľ
æӦһǣӡ
̧ͷһƣʱӽסˣľͰСһ׶Ƶǵãǰڵһ
ʱΪĽҪԡ£԰ںãû뵽ԼʱѾ˶Ƶġ
һ˽᲻ǹӣ
ɬĲ²ţִĽЦĥˣҽȥġ
ӡ㽿
ĽЦİɣûƣں԰㣡
ŲԶȥϢоȫͬˣƿһӳû
оԼ˺ϴһ飬۾Ҳŵӵһһжµġ
ӯӯ˺԰ĽСͤ飬΢Ц
ûоɬ۹һѹ岻Σҡҡλεĵ˽ǰ
ĽǺЦ
лӣӯӯһһı䶼ǰǰ֮ͣ˵ˣһ¸м֮⡣
Ľڰ֣ˣǳȥһɣ⼸һֱԺﲻȥƻˣ
ӣҲҪġϲڼϲȥء
ĽЦǾ߰ɣ
ʵΪܹ֪࣬նﶼԼļﰲȫ深ǶǮ˵ģѰϰȴûôá
ǡɵӦ

˳Ժӣھݳ
ݳǺܴ󣬷֮ʲôĶУָӪеǳ£е鱦ֻŶиСԡ
˴ӳԵĿʼƷ˼СԣȻŹţߵ˹Ŷһϡ
Ľ£һֱùŶ粻̵ӣȴ̫˽⣬Ҫѧ
ԭһһ׼ĿļԣƽʱϲȺ飬ѧʶԨ
ǰȴµģһв˽⣬ĻϹϲûһĻУЩЩשߡ
㿴ǰһС꣬Ǻ棬涼Ǯ˼Ҳģǰֵʱ򣬸ҿġ
˽һС꣬ڵȫʯͷָʯͷι״ɫ죬е࣬е̣еĻƣк죬ɷ֡
ĽһۣЩʯͷȫϵãȴСǸԲߣеϣһ飬ѩ׹ƣ˽ǵͷ顣
ĽҲͷһһЩʯͷͣһӯӯʯͷϣüͷ
ϸۺĽָָ֣ƴСԲʯɣʲôʯ
ߴƷ飬ЦǺǣӺǱ̻ʯ
ĽЦ̻ʯôû
߸ЦǺǣ̻ʯΪ˵Ϲ֮޵ѪɣһѪǺİɣ޵Ѫɫģ
ĽǺЦҡҡͷ䲻ȫ˽磬Ҳ˲ٵ飬˵񻰣ȷʵһЩޣЩ޵ﵽ꣬ﵽģѪתΪ̡
߸ЦܹŲţϷŵģ̻ʯúܣģ
ĽЦеĿһߣȤȤ̻ʯİɣ
߸׵һͣ漴ǺЦЦЦҲмңϷΣ
ĽЦȤϲƾ⴫˵ҲҪʯͷˮÿ
ǡߺǺЦΡ
Ľ棬Ҳʯͷͨߵ˼һֵ֪̽ʯͷҲʶ

Ľɣʯͷ𣿡
ЦǺǵĵҪ򣿡
ĽͷͦÿģҪǷŵˮܰˮӳṇ̃ҪŪһˮȪŽȥǴŪģ
߸ЦеĵӣǮɲ˰
ĽͨѾףʯͷм񵽵ģɽѰʯʱһɽз֣ɽߣʯͷͷһ飬Χʯͷ紵ɹŪԲޱȣΨῡ
ʱú棬˰˻Ȼһĥĥʯͷ뷢ʯͷʯͷľһ
䲻ϵãǺöǰڳһüǮϧǶϵãＸʮ꣬ԭϣʧ룬Ѱʯͷ
ɫɫģϲһֱû򣬽Ľʶˣ˷ܵúܡ
һüǮԼĶڻͬ
ɱǮɣĽʹЦѰƴСʯõϣĦѡ
߳һ£ҧҧһָһ
ĽЦҲһʮ
æҡͷѣɲɣɽ˵ңͲֹʮ
ĽЦɰһ꣬ʯͷҲûɣѪʯĻʯء
ָָߵһЩʯͷʯͷһһѪߵ㣬Ѫģɫ飬ϲɫȴûôϲ
۵ĵʮ治ˣ
ĽЦʮɣɲٽˣҾߣоˣ
ðɣˣ߶ݺݵĵͷ

˳С꣬ʯͷҿüͷܲ
ʯͷʲôֵʮӣԼٻʮѣôһʯͷ͵ֵԼ
ɻʣӣôһʯͷֵʮ᲻Ǳ
ĽЦеͷǱ
ʲôʱ˷
ĽЦһʱ˵պ֪ˣ߰ɣ
ӲٹˣʧĿһܣδ
ܼ񵽱гɾ͸Уǰʱϲ֣ǾúΣգԼһŮ̫κ˶вԼ
Ľðȫһô£ܻԼʲôҲˡ
ְȫĸУٹ־;һܣӣ˵
ĽЦɣٹŹ䣡
ϣ¶Цݡ
˻صĽű̵ʯͷСͤ£һˮȻʯͷŽˮ
ʱˮ˱ɫˮɷ
ƯվԱ̾
ĽͷȷʵǱߴһȪʯͷŵȪƯģ
ѽͷ
԰ãһЩ鶯һֱĽ˵ҪŪЩˮֻлûˮȱһ˿
źĽһһж׵ˣȻ󵽻еλãһС䳡
䳡Уڳһƣʼ
ĽķվѰ书ķȻͬԼţķ
ĽķȵκһķǿһֱԼߣǾͿԷĴ󵨵һ⣬ܹ
ǣԣùඥһֲѣֻǲ뾪ףԼˣǲ¡
Ľܿ붨ͷô붨һԵķֱӲ˾֮
ϵıʯͷ¶һ˿Цݡ
̻ʯȷʵһʯͷֵԶʯɱȣӴ
ϧ˺Ѹо޷Ľȴܹ󷨡
ãΪԪϡ󷨵ĸǽԪΪǬûԪ󷨾ǰ衣
ʯܹԪĽܽԪʯУȻʯ󣬵ʯԪϾޣգۼһĶա
̻ʯͲͬˡ


74 Σ
Ľã̻ʯ˵汻˵ˣԶѪΪ̺źƵԪ
ĽţֻҪЩԪܲһ󷨣ؼǣⲻ̻ʯܹԪ
ĽԪ㣬մһС󷨣ʹٿʯҲãôʯô󷨣ȫʯ
̻ʯܽ󷨲ʱԪľǣԶԭɱȡ
̻ʯԼҲߣլӲó󷨣ٶҲ֮
뵽¶Цݣ첻ˣԼʵ̫ã˯ͷ
΢ʼӦű̻ʯĽṹ취ԪֲһйҪһ˿һ˿й¶
һ׵£һֱ˼˻ƳʱһͷѾ깦
չ˫һ˿оһǧޱȣֵϱ˿һ¡
һĽëϴ裬ķ죬Զһķɱȣ졣
ӣôˣ˵֣Ľű̻ʯ˼ʡ
԰ŮͲܽһжԶ֡
ĽҡͷЦЦһۣͷ㣬ˣץʱҴṦ뽣Ա
ǣлӣ˵ĵͷ
ĽЦЦֿʼע˱̻ʯԽоԽȻ컯֮浱泬󣬾ĿУһ̵
ԣٴţæϲ裬ϾƣȻʢϹȻŵ뿪԰ȥ
ĳվտڼʱͻ˰ٻҲһӣԽĽϲ
Ľһֱб̻ʯԹſС
ڶ峿ʱĽű̻ʯСͤȻ߹ӡ
Ļ̌ͷãȻҿһۣЦŶˣ
һû˯ôʡ
Ľͷţԣ˯ɡ
ӣҪЩĵȰ
ĽЦһá
ε̾ӣȰɣ
ţȥȥɡĽڰֳ֣ڱ̻ʯС

Ľ˼죬ҵ˷ǵ죬ȥ֣˼ʯһϣú󷨡
ȥˣʱȴҲˣߵӰʱȥҲԼļҡ
긾Ҳͷԣ㼱öˣҪҲˣΪԼͿ·ˡ
ڰתҲң˼ңϵã԰ʱͿǵļˣȻʧˣԺԭȻͬ
ȥھӣھǱ߷ǽȥҵھӣԭûвͬһǽǷԼڽϡ
þ˷ҲɣôҲزԼļˣ˺ۿ죬ᡣ
㣡ȻĽº͵ŤͷվڰߣЦԼ
ӣ˹ȥ
ĽסЦ򣺡ôˣ
ӣһزˣ㲻˼ĵպΡ
ĽǺЦ߰ɣ
æӦһͷ̧յղ̫һ˹ȥ˿Ц
Ľǰͷתת㶢ĽţǰȻʣϤԺٴӳ
ռϷ磬˲ɬӣô£
ĽЦŪһأ˽оΣ
ԭǹŪģȻ򣬺ĵôŪİתתȥҲſڣ
Ľеĵ˵ģպ˵ɣߣҽṦɣ
ðϲ

ڽṦʾŲãҲùඥŴڣඥҪܴĽãԴڡ
ȻһХҡϣ쳹գʱѾϦ£ǱȾƺХƺܰƺɢһ㡣
Ľü֮۴򿪣ɫȻһ䣬㣬ţ
˵һʧ
ȻںӰߣŲԶĺֻСԶڴ򶷡
Ľüһ߼Ľ²⣬һХǻ
ָԭò޾ףʱ硣
Ϊ˫ƸԿ㣬ȴС
ĽעӵĹ򣬻߰һƣǴѪȴӵĺ£˰㲻ܲ˹ƣϰһҲҪ㣬ʯ١
˫ޱȣôƴɣҲ޼ƿʩһʱ֮Ҳû취¡
£һʱҪϨûƴƴ״̬Գ־ãֻҪһ¡
ѾԮսپȴֲ⡣
ĽҡҡͷȲ֣ڴʱһХԶ漴һֻС˶һ˽ǰƮԾ
ĽüһԾСƮƮǱߣСв٣뿴֡
ֽƽղңԶǿ򶷵ģֳϣ˿֡
ĽڿֵȺСԶǿֶ˾飬֪ʮԶȫľ룬꼰
䵽֣Ŷ֣Цıۿ֣ݣüëѩ׶޳ߵ壬ô£
ڵСһڼĻ߳ΰСŲһ転
ͬʱķŶ
æеĻߴеٲæ֧Ųסˣ
壬Ҳ߯ˣѩüëҡҡͷ̾һСѾͷˣ
ûؽеվ˵ۣСѾͷأæ
˵ŻðѪԵѾˣӲţЩŲסˡ
ʹŲסˣ̸Цηɫ

ðɣ£ССѾͷѩüëߺһ͵һ㱳ġ
㲻òÿС߽һˣ֣ܿЦһӭ˪üëߡ
һο࣬ߴ壬ҵˣ
СûĵڵļһĿ㣬֪¶˵ף
һ˵һ߼ָǷסҴڵȻĻѹס췴
̾˿ҡͷ壬ӣֻܰСѾͷˣ
СĨһǵѪЦͽˣûʲôˣЩҲûˣֵһᣡ
ҡҡͷ̾ҪҪҰæ
ѩüëûĵɣ
ù£·磬ƱƵýڽڰˣǵطխƾΪӲܡ
ߵҲ
һ絽ƮƮһȭ飡̽ӭסһȭʱλΡ
СѾͷΪ߹ֽһ壬ֲ˿ԭСѾͷ
ߺߵ֪ҵĸо˰ɣСѾͷƷСĵ﷭˴
İɣʰ߳
һǰһһƷһȭĬǵȭƷףѷǰֵĻߡ
Ʒһ˵ĻѹסϣĬϣʱ䵽·磬֧š

飡Ȼһ£۶ʱĽһ֪һƴǼĹͷûһˡ
ƶת£ԭǿ֧ţΪͬãʱֻʣ֣һ±֧穣޷ˡ
飡ְһȭʱһѪ
һԿ֣ҡͷЦǺǵĵСѾͷ㲻ôԼģǺǣҲǣû˰ɣ
ðѪЦһû֮⡣
ĽüʣȴסǾģӦִŲŶԣ
ѾСʯӣųС
飡㱳ְһƣһļ
Χǵۣ¶ͬɫ书߾ǲǰҲҪо˵ı£˲ɷԼһ˿Ƕɵ¡
ǰĻ߹ֽһһؿڣҪϧ֮⡣
Ľŭߣ͡СʯӻΪһХ˲䵽˻߱󣬡顱߸߷ڿһѪ
壡ʧеԾнס
ѩüë˫۱⣬ŭȵηʥǺ£
Ľ߶ССķ϶˽ǰվڴͷƮƮ˴ˣλһͣȴ۸һСʵڿۣ
СӣƮƮشﱧŻԲѵĻߣĿŭȡ
Ľ˶ʵڲܣ
ѩüë߹ָúãС֣ǵҪֽһ
ĽЦøֲҪƤĶ֣
ѩüëߴһ㣬ҡͷȻ˶ռˣСǲǾƯ뱧˹飿
Ľ΢Ц˶۵ģɱ
ǺǣСӵһ֣ѩüë΢ЦҡͷϧǶ̵Ļǰ׷Ļˣ϶ְɣ
߷»ߣͬʱĽ


75 
ĽҡͷͣͣХУĽɳײߡ
˷Ӧٶ̫졣
飡飡죬˷˳ȥ䵽ʮˮæĺˣСҳһš
ûһȥǵģˮ棬ˮϣǷģ
ιǿǲţˣ
ĽŤͷ㣬΢ЦλǵʲôˣŶȥ˰ɣ
л㱧ȭ
Ľڰ֣㲻Ҫɣ
ûд󰭣ҡͷЩ⡣
ѾһŵҩĽԶʥڵĵҩһ˵ã֮Լˣ֮̾ɿ˲ᡣ
ǿ飬׷ֵ˵Ľˣ䵭
ĽЦȥ˰ɣͽ
ͷ
Ľһ˵ǡ
Щǲ֪ĺãңҲܺ
ĽЦһҡҡͷʲôɣ
㻺ͷ
ĽæֵǾͰˣҶЩȤȻûд󰭣Ҳ˰ɣ
ٴζлף䵭û̸˼нһ㡣
Χ˷׷װŮòò̫ĮԾĮ˭Ҿ
飡Ȼһ죬˳ԾȥȴСһζһ·
ƮƮһԾСתʱǡòСףü¡
žСķѣߴˮԾ˹ȥ
Ľҡҡͷ׹ٴһ˷ڿһ漴Ծˮ
ƮƮ䵽һľϣŲմˮղ԰ף٣Ľ֪˼ˡ
϶ǽƻƭȥװǳˮ͵ϮطĽûǰ֡

飡ٴη²ȵľ廯ΪƬȴ¶棬ֻˮ͵Ϯ
䵽һľϣٵĺ£ظŵǣĽȴȫŵĶﻹ߰ɣҪ
أˮ棬
Ľε̾Сʯٴͣˮȴûж
СʯӸ֮һˮٶȷŻ飬ǹһͰˮӵȻͰףɼˮ֮ǿ
ߴѶ㿪Сʯӣˮܱܿ˵ˮԼѣ㡣
žľٴѣȻν̳һУһˮýϵٴԾ䵽һСľϡ
žžžžһĴ죬ΧɢСľһһΪƬȴˮ·
ĽҡͷЦһмҰǱ˵ЧܴһûŴˮ׸ˡ
һųŽ£㣬һ˲˲ȴԽļ٣ճ緢ա
Ľǿ۸оû֣ܲεˡ
žһУµľٴѣһĽޱȡ
˫̤ˮһ³һ߻ӽ಻
ĽҡҡͷߵĽҲãκβǣһˮ¸ûʤ㡣
̾˿ȻһԾߣһ£顱ˮһ飬һƻΪʵˮɱһ
飡߷ɳ㱻˦ˮ棬漴Ľ׹ײǡ
飡类ľײȥһֱߣ˵ľУӹͷ䵽֮⡣
Ľһڿлһת䵽ϡ
ִ뿪һƣС֮ת۹ʧǰ
ŶǷһĪľ̾һǰӺɷǣ
²ţܵȴᡣ

Ľһ߳һߴɫɫ԰ףΨ糺죬ȥޣȴƼˡ
Ľݣüȥˣ
ҡҡͷЩˣҪȥ
Ľü
ڣЩ㱡
Ľˣصȥκ˵գ
˵ղ˵һԾ䵽˰ϣС֮ǰ棬ûƮԶ
Сٶȼ죬һѾܳΧụ̂һƫƧ֡
ĽƮƮ֣ȻתһȦһӰת۹صԼСԺ
ں԰ĽȻӡ
Ľ㣬Ҫˣ˴ң
æͷ⼸֮࣬Ľ£һЩѾ˽⣬һ㱵ģ֪Щףܾνˡ
ĽԼӣ㣬ʱ㱲ѣԭ˵ĺ촽ѾɿûѪɫ
ĽãϥƵģʼ˹ˡ
һڣĽóԾߵ죬ŷһеİҪˣˡ
һϢƣƣȻһѱߵίʵ
ܿѹԵѾΪƵǾ뾫ϣǿᡣ
Լһյʱ䣬ɨߵæ޸ˮĥ򣬲һʱɵģɽȥ˿

ҹɫĽ۾¹ڴϣӳһƬӯӯģ۵ͬʱҲۡ
ĽЦˣ
šף齣ŤͷĽ
Ľ΢ЦôŪôǱɲ磡
ϺˣһȴԶԣԴһμ󣬱˴˸оϤˡ
Ľһʲô·ðԵ
һ£ߵڵġ
Ľü˵Ľڣ
ǽڣڣҡͷ¶м飺ܸڱȣ
ĽЦЦ̥ڽڣȽڸʤһء
ߣǸһϵûУЦ
Ľɻĵѵʥڵģ
ʥڵģ뽣ûϵҡҡͷüͱˣ
ĽЦҾǺ棬Ϊνڣûнţѵ޽ʤн
ߣǵĽ潣Щ죬ͱˣ
ĽһȻЦҡͷѵǲɲ֮
֪ɫ΢䣬ȴˡ
˶׵ĵزһ¹ӳգܰѶԷϵĺë
ĽҡͷЦ˵ôһţ֮԰ɣ
˵ú˲
һм飬ǲ֪к˶Ůˣ
ĽѵΪǣԶԸǣ
ҡͷھ֮ʱѳţһֱ׷ɱǣڱҴˣ
ĽȻ̾һˣ
ףºأһǻ
ĽһˣǻǷˣ׼ô죿
ţ
ĽͷǸñȥֻҪǴһԶ֣ѳʥڣʵҲǾ˵ģ㼸֣
һ֡Щһֱ׷ɱ˲ŵ㣬˵ġ
Ľüͷһ㶥֣
֪ľŻ֮
Ľü֮ϻЩ
Ż֮ϻķʹ
ĽЦҡҡͷ书ǿھŻ
šͷ
Ľһۣҡҡͷһĵ
û뵽ôü¶ɫҪɱң뿪׷ˣ
Ľ˺ˣȥɣ
㿴һۣͷתƿţֱ˳ȥͷҲص뿪ӡ
һֱվ棬¹ʣԿӣһ֮ŵĵ
㵭Ƴһ㣬²ͣһǴкƮƮȥԺ뿪ˡ
ӣ˭ѽʵһĵ˵ʱƻͨ磬ֱȰ༸ܰ
Ľ˼ҡҡͷôУ㲻֪
ǣӡЩίԹɵĵͷӿɶˣѾЩ࣬ȵһӣϳˣ
Ľͷţȥɡ
ܿݸĽ磬ĽĶӶʱһЦЦһˡ
ӯ˳ȥĽ˼ڵ¡
㳴˲ˣĽʱĽȻ˸ǽڷһž糴ӡ
㣬ȥһ£Ľ
æӣѾˣԵȥ£
Ľҡͷ˿ȳԡ
˵ղ˵ʧü뿪ҧҧ촽ǲȥ׷òŮˣ
һ±õͳ̾˿


76 ɵ
ļ죬ĽȻǰ翴飬Թ󣬴ݳй䣬Сں档
ڰٻϸѵͨգˣСᵴէȥСû
ĽȻڣԺһֱתڷţڻͨͣĴµ书
賿ʱ֣Ȼ⡣
Ѿ۲ʮ죬ÿһָƣĻ߳һء
ĽʶǵΪ֮󣬴ǳԾκһߵΪզࡣ
Ľ⣬һһԼаգһԶĻеһģԼֻ
ɽڵĵطúܣ˭Ҳ֪εطһƴ䲻ҪʹΪѷԼһһδزɱԼ
һֱ˲ٵĴʦҲԼгҪŮҪ㡣
ֽʹòţҲݽһֱ۲ʮ죬֮
峿ʱ֣ɽھĵģǶûߵѾʼϴ߿ʼʼ
Ľ׼˻ᣬһ󣬽һ֮󣬶ʱп࣬Ȼͬ
Ҳ㣬һ䳡ڶҲܿտһԲ̨һߣֱһң澲żš
ȴǼ䣬Ľһϱ˷֣Ľ˲ʧ
ػصԼӣݳҲʼѾں䳡ܿ̿࣬书ܿ޲Լһ±ɶ֣Ϊ֪ΣգŵĲס
Ľϣ̾˿û뵽ʱԺһ֮۴򿪣ĸߡ
ĸ߸üѩףüëܳǳ֮ĽǾԳꡣ
Ϊ˵Ľһʱһţɽѹ
Ľܶ϶ƣӦɽڵߣгɣԲܷԼĴڡ

Ľ̾˿ɽڹȻɽڣĸɽһڣ˭ܶã
κһΪԶʤԼȻԼƵΪһʤԼذɡ
Ľε̾Щʵﵽ㣬Ѿƿٽ
֮ǿ֮ǹ룬κ鶼棬ǿȻãҪı侭ȴǼ
ĳϼӳ¹ϣޱȣԾĸıȴƵڹķԾϧҪһһҪջۡ
ĸΪҲһһģǻٶ꣬Լʮ꣬ʮĲ಻ֲ
Ͽ˼ʲôܹǿԼΪܹһЩѹߣõʮա
һǷԼ͵͵ǱȥܣԼϢǲϳԼһȥɽھҪ¶ڡ
ԼõţҡҡͷûʲôǿȻͷһ뵽ڡ
ʱΪպܰæ˳ߵϢ׷ȥܿ׷һլӣլ￴ߵʬס
լ﷢ߣϢǿ󣬲ѷԼϢĹǿȴûԼ
Ľ뿪ӣ͵һȻϢ뿪
ûģǿôɣʱﵹæ
û˵֮˵ԭ˵ǵ˫޵һ֣һҽһ䣬赭дױ˺Թȥ
Ϊ֪Ĵڣģ֪Ҳд˵֮ʵǲɲиΪ֮䲻𲻻ﵽŮ֮Ŀģν
֮ǴܳЧѡ

ҹɫһ¸ˮ»ˮ棬΢˵͡
СںƮ㸧٣ĽȻԵĹƣһң
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ǳʡƷΣվڴͷʵĽʱܹκһ
Ľ΢Цٺ󣿡
ͷһСɱǷʦܰɣ
Ľͷٺô͵Ϣ
ΪɱʦܣСʵ
Ľ΢ЦҡͷƽҰΪһС¾ҪɱңΪԱƽɽӦƽҰҪɱңɱô򵥣
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Ľڰϣһ飬˵Ȼڣ£ǸĶˣߡ
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Сһ¶мɫ
ĽٺҲ˼ӣҵĻ⣬书ٸĨڣٺƴ󣬲ˣذϧ˰ɣ
պεģٷϻνɣСЩ߳ŭߵҪ淶ʦܱ𣡡
ĽôҪɱң
СߵȻѪծֻѪ
ĽҡҡͷֻԹǲǣ
ٷϻνСϺȣ˫۵ɴһ㣬ƽƽòһŭһͷ񱩵ʨӣɷˡ

Ľ˹ҡҡͷٺ󰡡ʧзƽҰзƽɽȻǣʵŪףɣʥҲ˰ɣ
պεģĻ̫ˣɣСɫһ䣬νա
ͣһĽһؿڡ
СһȻֹĽһֱӴĿڣһɾ䡣
˼״ɴ۾۾һ³Ѫ˿ν˹ĽǳѾһķ˰С꣬ƮӳСżƮƮ䵽Աߵĺ
ںζ״ʱԲʱԲĽվһľϣЦˡ
ѾۣɱԺֻһͷɱ
Ҳľ壬ֱһţСһת˳ȥæһסӣźϡ
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ӣҲ׸ҧ촽
ĽЦҵһӣܹѸٳΪ֣ۺܴ󡣡
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Ľ㲻ʲôۣ
ֻҪܰﵽӣ׸ʲôҶԸ⣡
Ľ㿴˰Σ̾ɵѾͷðɣϴηëϴһʹࡣ
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Ľ磺ѽðɣǾùඥ
лӣ¶Цݡ
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СƮƮ˴˰ߣĽ໤ٺûηУ򲻹ܣڣǲϢǱܹϢûʲôηġ
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ĽսСԺʱһΪСԺվ㣬ӯӯȴĽһ亹


77 
Ľú󷨣СԺܽ
㵹ңڣһϮѩĽˮ䡣
ĽЦôˣݹ٣ʤҰ
Ǵɣ㵭
Ľ֣ȥ˵
СĿһ㣬Ľ˵뿪ˣĽҲûܣϵ㣬㻳н⣬˵档
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Ѿš
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Ľһģ֪ʮ㣬Ȼһֱͨ׷֮Ľ˵Լͨ׷ֱ֮ĸӦǰһλȴ׷֮
ĽҲˣΪܹƿ󷨽׷Եʣ׷Ҳйأйء
׷٣Уᣬκһָй٣ֽԱƲԼ󷨡
ƿ󷨣ȻǳԽ٣׷٣ܴﵽˮ׼
ĽҡͷʥڲʥڣؼԼû
Ľаգ
Ѿˡҵطһġ
ʲôĽüͷһЦĿɲ࣬Ѳˣ
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Ľۣ΢Цѵˣ
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ĽȻ
ܷˣᣡ

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ĽȻͷֲأҪȥ
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ߣСûİһۣƮߣ䵽Сϡ
ĽһţС֮ȥת뿪СԺĽӭŷЦҹܵûӰˣ
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Ľȭ΢Цӣˣ
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սϴţѾֱߣսһŵĹѾ̤˴
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ü룬תսսҡͷߵˣ
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Ŷߵͷֲأ˵ΪǾ˵úܣ㹻µˣ
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С浣Сһɿ𣿡һΪ²һﰡüĽʧķ
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ʦôܿʦõĸˣҡͷЦǻ취ҵǰһɣ
СҲû취ô߳
̾иˣĨȥһкۼҵ̫ѣ
ôҵҲôˣ̾ҡͷҪС

Ľ԰ɽֽԱСԺö࣬һһƬһһأɷ
źϵĻߣһĵյúһƬͨ
ǰˡĽЦܿǵĳ
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ĽЦЦӣʥڵһӣһȻ鴫ôûΪ
ǰҶѣսҡҡͷЦûֵ̺ʦУ
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üսæڲòʦõĻСˣ
ߵʦûˣ
սͷףʦ˵ֻԳˣ㿴
ĽЦ׹Ҳոְɣ


78 ׷
һ֣岻ʣȥҲûá
ʦôˣˣսæеʡ
ĽЦ˻ûã
ףû취ʩչҪʦ֡
սЦҡҡͷףʦ˵ΪˣҪ޹
бһۣսοЦǲòʦõģɵһʦٲֵĻҪˣ
ҡͷû취
Ľ׹ϴһڵģ
šͷڵ£ñ֡
սæͷͣԶԣû⣬ڸһи̣ʵѰ
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ҪҶ֣սһƺ޷ţЦҿ˰ɡ
ĽЦӿǿң
սôȴ˵εҡͷˣ
ĽЦЦˣǹкηӮνǼʶһӵĸУʥڵѧҲˣôõĻܴ
ս㣺ʦ㿴
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սһָ֣һȣЦ룬һȫĸҲҪСģ书Ϊ;ġ
ǺãУĽЦһһĳ˲䵽սؿڣټ졣
սϴһ󣬲СӢۣýСģ俴ĽûȫҲӲӣΪնĽ
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վڻϣ˹ˣַ죬ͷҡҡͷ
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79 
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죡

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ȴȻͬҲǲĸˣʹսҲ̫࣬ķ̫аţ
ǺǡһЦȻĽƮƮ룬Ȼʮˣߡ


82 
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ǣӡɵӦһŮЦЦλǰؿʲôҪĸ˵һͺá
߶ˡЦɨһ㡣
һֵۣĽһۣĽֱǵסѻϰ
Ľǰ̽һ»ϵ࣬¶Цݣãҩް
̾Ǳסˣ书ָһˣ
ĽЦܱס㲻ˣʱһܲңʥû֡
ʵѾȥˣιĳңľɣʱû찵أޱȣѪ˱ǡ
Ҳ֪ҡͷ
ȿȡϺȻҿæ̵ۣ˼Ѫ󣬻ѹ
ϣôʡ
ͷּһ
ŤͷĽıȭлˣ
ĽæЦϲؿ֮ͰˣȾ˰ɣ˺úٸɱġ
УǵøϽߣҡҡͷ
ĽЦϲżΣҲģ
ǵĵطҲΣǻҵˣҡҡͷߴٵ߿ߣٲˣ߲ˣ

ϷİɣţҲ׷ϣûְɣ
ûСҡҡͷҼƲϽ⳷ó磬ֻսˣԪԴжֶˣ磬ȻĻ
ͺãǾͰĵĴţżȥ
Բġ
ĽЦϣߺΣգһ㣬İɣû֪ģ
ǰæͷ
ϿֿεĵͷϥʼϢ
˳ȥû뵽ǵô󣡡
̾ǵ㣬ףʦ㣬ӦѾ׳ˣԸˣ
һιԳֵġ
ЦһԸˣ
ĽŮ˺԰úЪһЪһ졣
Ľ֪ףƣڵӣʮˣҲǷʦ£¶âΪȴǼߡ
ĽЦЦܿףƵǳȷʵףɺ·ǰǲ׾ˡ
Ľ˰죬ֱϳ˷ǲɢĽصԼݺһʧ
һӣϥɺӣĽʱһ˿ûרע
Ľô󵨣óȻڣΪ֪ԪԴǡ
ȻôңǽڽڰˣԪǾưոݣһô򣬷ҪǲɣΪ
ɺӵΪ񣬱Ľһأ־ͨϢ֮ɺӾȻһû
Ľҡͷ˵ɺӵ츳ȷʵУо޹غ书ڸ˵ĸо
Ľĵӣɺжһʱ֮ɺӲ
Ľ̾ԣǿڷܲ׾
ɺӴͷ淭һţһȻСķŻȥ뿪ӣȥˡ
Ľٴγ֣ͷóĸֱӳ
Ľ¶Цݣû뵽Ѿ˼ƣȴô㲻š
էֻΪģķţĽҪҲԣǿ׳и˵ν


83 
ΪפضżƵķţϸһһֵĿÿһͼӡԺ
ͷһʮҳķҲôӣܺҲס
ؼܹľĶģŮƲ֮ʣҪܰϸһ׵¡
ĽţַŻͷ棬漴ʧ
صԼСԺڻԵСͤ棬泯ţյķǣŸղſš
ǰڲɲϣɲ֮ʲôĽٵ˫޷ţ㶥⡣
ϣǿϷţôûĽܹܿȫ
ǿᣬƵ㹻ݶ侭ˣ޸ȴɣЧ̫ˣһֱʲô
˫֮Ҳط̺Ÿķһ˿ţᱻԣ
ңĲɲףҪǿľﵽյĵزмõ
ЩϺУռɫɫǿգɫղѺۿãп
ľﲻõ洦ޣҺѸһɲһΣʮһν˷ѡ
ĽҡͷʧЦ˫ڸ첲ϣЦеĿյķǣһơ
ԼĻмڴˣ죬Ҫֻǿ
ֻҪܹﵽȻܿؽɲʵڲ
ֻһ¯Ļѱ־һ¯Ҳ޵ġ
˵ǿȷʵܺãںڻлԽԽѿơ
磬ҪһķܹپҪ´󹦷򣬺ݹϴС
ﵽֵĲΣһķûвͬҪôãǰڣռˣܿΪ֣ԲһЩһķȴѾ㹻ѹһͷˡ
ٵҪʱǰãʱһķࡣ

ļ죬ĽһֱСԺֻ㲻ʱȥһˣЩ
ĽһֱŮģĵʷƹʣ̸˵˵ЦЦǢ˵Ĺϵٵ
ףƶĽԽ⣬񳣳Ц޲ðƵһʹ˽￹飬ҲûʲôЧ
칦оһգ۹ȥˣŮϲĽʵӣȴסˣŷš
뿴ôʱʱ֮УͲ֪ˣԪһưոݣ׷Ųš
ΪΣûϵЩĿϢҲ֪ˡ
峿ʱ֣̲סˣȥһˣɫࡣ
ףĽں԰ţĽһ鿴ףڿʢĻ䡣
̧ͷ飬ףƾòæʣʦãôˣ
ҡҡͷ̫ãһ˱ɱˣ
˭ɱģףüë
Ԫҧ޺޺ߵ
ףüԪҲ֣Ϊһ֮Ȼ󣬿ǵ˾·û취ٳȥˣ
ҿ񣡡ҡͷɺӵӣŲȥģ֪Ԫˣʲôıƣ
ţԵǸˣܲףͷ̾һˣ֪ʦˣ
ˣƲƲ죺˲һ꣡
ϻӦòҪףЦ
ĽԪڵ
ͷţ˷棬ȴǿ۸Ц滢ܿµһˣ
ĽЦһᣡ
ҡͷ㲻Ƕֵģĸ֣㻹һ򣡡
Ľͷ⵹١

˵Ż򣬻ϴǶԶԶеС㣬ǲϢˣ
Ϣһ˵϶ʱˣǵøϽߣ뾡ȥ
ĽæϣߺΣա
ûʲô˲ģϺߵֻҪһӣ׷ϣǸıһòǣҲ뵽ǻھݳǣ
Ľ˵ףƵҲգ߻ǵߣܲһֱţǾͲˣ
Ľüףʦ㣬̫Σˣ
ף̾ΣҲᱩ¶ģСڣǻ߰ɣ
һֵסĽĻ㲻˵ȻϺʦ㶼˻Ǿ߰ɣ
Ľüʵڲģε̾ˣһɣ
ûĵһۣҪڣһȥ
֪һߺΣգĽһ飬Ľ书ǿԪǿһ˻ûġ
ΪʥڵĵӲܲȥͲˡ
ףƵǣѾæˣ
Ľһ£εĵͷˣǾϳɣôǣ
ǾˣףƵ
ĽЦôˣףʦ㻹ô⣡
ףЦЦٿ֪˲ֵĵһֱܽһʱı䲻ϰߡ
Ľڰ֣ƮȥˣҹɫϮϣףƣ㻹ĽһСƮƮ뿪˾ݳǡ
֮뿪ĽҲûǿҪ봬֮ʣӻͳһö壬ݸ㣺Űɡ
㿴һֽӹʲô
ĽٱɣΣҪҳ֣һϸϹ
áһۣӹŽ

ֻ˴ڴͷףƶ֪ȤĶȴһ
ҡҡͷʵڲ㣬սϲƫƫܣȴϲһˡ
ʮ꣬඼ܵĸˣڵСﰡ˼֣벻͸벻ף
ĽһԾƮ˺ӰȻڰ֣תۼʧҹɫ
㾲վڴͷĽʧķòСˮƮ
ȿȣף
һ¾ѣ׸ղʧ̬ˣæŤͷ˴ա
һӭЦеĹŹ񣬶ʱ飬һǺ죬æȷˣʦ㣬ǻˮ·ɣ
ðףЦĵʲôأ
æûʲô
֪ףЦһɣ
ҡҡͷףƵҪ˵ûʲôȱ㣬ʹһ֪ʦ᲻ͬ⡣
֪ĽݣҲģܽʵˣûв͸ǽһ©ȥǻ췭ظ
Ҳģֻǿѹš
ףЦеĵҪ˵Ӵʦ㻹Ǹʦ˵һ˵ôȥˣʦ˵ͬء
ҡͷʦˣҸֻѣûʲôģ
СѾͷƭңףûĵǵģ˭Ʋǲǣϣ
ǺǡϸЦҡͷʦҲǲͨģú˵һ˵ʹûʲôҲͬġ
ˣûĵ
ףƿҧأΪĽʹ󣬱Ц˵ʹһЩΪʮû⣬ôһ㣬ǲѽ
һۣʦ㡪
ףЦСʦã㲽ʦҵĺ󳾣治˵Ļһͼ޲ȥˣ
Ҳˣߵ

˵ţףЦеģĵȡЦƮõϢ
ҹɫʣһգС˳£ƮƮٶȺܿ죬ҹɫﴬߣñ˴ײ
̫ĻʵɫԶܿҲˡ
ĽʧҡҡͷҺڣҵʱ˲ƹȥ˲䱾ԽԽǿˡ
ڶ峿ʱ֣ʼȻ־Ϊ飬ѣȻ޸
ãߣתΪΪǿ
һʱ䣬һֱУԽϲãȻһ磬оֵľһ˿Чʼ졣
Ľһֱڴˣֵ֪ϣȻһüͷо˲
ӣԷˣߴ١
ѾǵˣĽȴԱڰʾһȣһֱӵ졣
Ļ̌ͷһɫü㣬ȳ԰ɣȥȥأ
ӣ
Ľҡͷ£
˵һʧԭأţ֪ȥĸ˶ˣүҲǵģ
ô£Ľλã˲һСԺʱϵ㡣
ɫ԰ֽûһѪɫϢٶ΢ʱһĽһ
Ťͷףƣףһ壬ѾΪĩԾĿĽ
Ľףʦ㣬ôˣ
һ絽ǰ󣬴һƣɫʱ
ףҡͷЦڵˣʦΪ˾ңһƣ
أĽʣϧĶӡ


84 ʩ
ףƿЦǰˡ
Ľ̾˿֪պαص
ô뿪ΪڷˣҪǲɣǶĿ㣬һֱӪ˴ܲˣڻǱˣ
ף̾Σյʱ˵ʦ֪ͨ㣬ɵѾͷ˵ʲôҲϣҲǿβ֪ͨġ
Ľлʦ㣡
壬Լһֱϣʱˣ
Ըɡףҡҡͷһ̫ԵҸʦ÷˵ҩûʲôЧܲܰæ
Ľҡҡͷаţһʱ
Ǿûϣôף̾˿ֻʦ
ףڵƾƾƻ壬һֱƻȥֲ֧˶á
Ľһ£µֻһַӡ
а취ףƾһ
ĽЦⷨеףɵزҲܲţҪ˵
˵˵ֻҪܾʦõʲôɣףæ
Ľ˫֮
˫ޣףһ漴ɫ΢䣺Ҫô
ĽЦǣĿǰ˵ֻһַţ
⡭ףƿЦ
ƵóãʦһֱϣóȻӦһŪãԼɾˡ
ȿȿȿȡȻҵĿԣţüͷţʹ಻
ʹʱûһѪɫ
ôʹӣףƸͬܣĽˣ絶һ㣬޲
ȷʵǲɲŮ˵ޱȣȻͬ
һʣԼڻȥֻ

ףƽӣһðɣҴӦˣôӦһ
˵Ľæ
޲ʩȥʹࡣ
ףƵȢʦã
Ľһ£ͷã
ףһ˾ʹޱȣǺãҲʦõˣ㿪ʼɣҪô
Ľ˴ǣ
û⣡ףƵͷ
Ľ֣صףʦ㣬ǧҪ˴ţĻҪ߻ħ
ףףɫһӦ
Ľɿףƿһ㣬̾һԸҪԹԼҲǱƲѰ
ף뿪ӣĽйϸ齶ǾɵģΧİ߶Ǿɵģһһӡ
֮ȥȴһСׯһªԺԺˡ
Ľˣһֻ򣬷˵ǰĵطϸĵطϸߺܿţһSΣСϸӯӯһգȴ쳣
壬ûܵסջĽ̾һĽ
Ȼ԰ӣüʱ΢֮ԺָһƬ
Լ󣬰ڻḧ壬ڼѨ֮󣬴ʪ󣬱ͦǹȻʼᶯ
ᣬǹھʼʩչڵƾʼ룬Ȼ󷵲ȥ塣
һ÷ۺ죬Ĩ֬һ㣬ɢ֮鶯
ĽȴΪ΢ׯϡ
˹оۣĽׯϵӡ
㡭æҪȥĽ
Ľͺȵע

һͺȷ·ĺĳӣֱõĵףܾ֮⣬΢ζı仯
һΪƶ䣬ڿƮƮ˵ĳ
ˣָоδй԰ΣæȥŵϢ仯
ںͣһһɣһ򣬾Ȼѵˣ͸УԷ̫
һ˿Լھˣ
뵽ζӣ֪ۻǿգǲĻźϲá
ԼһʱĽſ˻ںˣҪ˹
㡭㡭̧ͷ
Ľ΢Цҵˣ
紺ӣϸļ͸죬ˮ˵Ķˣֹͷε촽һǡ
ǳ֮ΣŤͷҪܿһǣȴеûܱܿһºˡ
ĽЦϢɣ˯һͺá
˯ţҡҡͷ
Ľʣµһ㲻صĵġ
һ汻ʦݡ㽿ĵ¶˵ĳˡ
ĽЦŪʵ˾ǡ
ٵıϾǼٵģв𴩵һ죡ҡͷ
Ľ΢Цаղ𴩵ģͷİɣ
ʦܾġü̲ġ
ĽƵķ۱ķģһŪõģûܰѺ޼һ𣡡
ðɡ㿴ʮ㣬εĵͷ
Ľ΢ЦúЪЪɣղ̫ˡ
šͷ
뵽Լղŵ̲ס죬ûʦˡ

ĽƿţʱԺվףƣʱȻ΢賿ʱ֡
Ľ¶ˮʪˣǸȻʦ㣬ˣ
أףЩŹֵĵһۣԼȴȺˣŤͷʦòҪ˰ɣ
ĽͷѾ˯ˣʮȥ˾š
ףƲŵĵ
ĽЦһ֪ףʦ㣬ᱻڵ׷ϣ˵˭Ҳ֪
һţףüҲȥΣȥֻһֽ͡
ĽˣϲҪɣ
ףҡͷЦ˲̫ǿƻܰȻ
ĽͷǾͺãֻҪû¾ͺãǻҪߣ
ţߵˣȻֻӲͷƤˣףƵͷȻҲһɣ
Ľһ漴¶ЦݣͷðҪǣҲܷģ
ףȻһЦҲȥʦˣڳСʦãڵˣ
ĽЦʦ㣬£Ӧá
ףһߵҪΪʦøǲǣ
Ľͷ⵹ҲǣðɣҾȥʦ
ףЦͷİɣʦܿģֻҪʦϲʦᷴԣ
ĽԸˣ
ף˵һϵĺʧ
ĽȸһٹҲЪһЪҲѹ
ʱ֣ٴγ֣ףƺܺѣʩչʲôṦôϹ
˶ܣҲضʣװ֪

ʱףƿôסˡ
ʱ˷̥ǵı仯ǰĨȥһɬָ
ͺһİɣɢӨӨݹɷ˹֮Բλ֮С
ԽԽ覣Խ
ʦã̾һ̽һƣȴȻûһ¡
ԳԾʲôķЧ
ʦ㡪
ף֪˵ʲô£æʦãҲǱƲѣ㵱ʱҪˣȰȻ˵
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ףûĵҿãʲôģ
ʦ
ףƷûĵʦǱһæ˵ģ˵ʦҲδز⣡
Ը˰ɡ̾
ףưһѾͷ˱˻ԣ
æʦ㡪
ģ˭֪ﻶϲףƺߵķǵģ
㲻˼ЦЦ˵
˵ĽֺˣףЦɣ
ĽЦŽϵ㣬æһֶۣףЦףʦ㣬Ǻʱ
ףЦ֪ʦ÷㲻㡣
æʦ㡪
ףЦеĵðɣھͶɣԽԽãܵˡ
˺һºˣȫûܹһܸоԼΪһ¥ƮƮģÿһӯɡ
˳˼ªСԺѾͣһĽϳԯЦλϳɣ
ҪвѽףЦ
Ľ΢ЦһԱ֪
ǺãǾһĳףŤͷЦСʦãȥɣ
ͷĽһӱӣıХʱʻ
Ľݳ磬ܿ촩Сׯȥ
˰ʱ֣һʱĽŤͷ̾»ǲ̫ƽ
ڵˣʡ
Ľҡҡͷ񡣡
ѵǴٵģףЦһʥڵĵؽˣдٵģ
ǾʥڵˡĽü
³ɡףЦʲô
Ľأţǽߣ


85 
ǰ߳ԶǰȻ꣬ŵڵǰĽ
Ľסƥڳԯϣȭλ֪кδͽ̣и㣬ǻҪ·
֪ʲôط𣿡
Ľҡͷͽ̣
ݵʥڵĵ̣˲ý룬ʲôˣ
ӳ̽ͷϺȵʦܣô£
סʦ㣿һɴ۾
ףҲ̽ͷСëͷֲأ
ףʦ㣡æǰŵһ»Цݣʦǻ
ףüʡ
˿һ㣬ݹ壬Щɬĵͷףʦ㣬ʦ㣬Ƿפء
ʲôףʡ
˻ش𣺡ڵˣ
ףƳһ£ʵǻϻ𣿡
ţˣþȻˣæش𣬷߷ߵĵҲ߯ˣ
ףưڰ֣Ťͷ߰ɣ
Ľͷһ˦ޣʻ
æףʦ㣬ʦ㣬ǰͷ·
ףȻһЦСëͷʦøǰڣϽ£
æҡͷףʦ㣬ڵٲҲҰ
ףûĵڵȷʵܲʲôóǻСĵ
ٺ٣ǣһСģȫ⡣
ףҲûԼĻ棬ֻбһۣûѵ⣬ǡʱĽüˣ
šףŤͷȥ
飡˺Ȼףơ
󵨣һæȣɴ۾޲ԼɣᣬǸԶһ

žһ죬Ǳڿ˦죬һ٣漴Ы㼲ˣת۹ʧ
꾪δıǰæʣʦ㣬ףʦ㣬Ҫɣ
ڵˣףüʦãǶСǣ
šףһĽ
ĽڳԯλãղųֵĲ
ףЦһֱ޷ѧģ
Ľҡҡͷұ޷Ļֱˣϧֻܽţ
һ·ϸڣףʡ
ĽЦӦţǣǻǿ߰ɣû˲ģ
ףƵͷ
궢Ľ˴˶һۣԷĽ䱸
Цףʦ㣬֪λǰǡ
ĽӣǸˣƮݣ꣬ټϲɣʣ˽
ףƵСëͷʧģλǺʦˣ
ʦ㡪
ʲôףЦһҡͷҪ֪֪أ
ʦ㡭˲ĵ㡣
Ǻ𣿻ϽصԼλϣ
ģüҼĴ⣬ֱõԼģ뼵ֱӿ
Ľ΢ЦλǻҪϸ
ߣɣ˺һûÿ·
ĽҡͷЦЦٴǰףЦһɵСˣժʦʻ֪ж˺أ
Ľ΢Цջˮ׼ˡ
˭ˮأ
ĽǺЦ֣һɽǰΡɽ糤ֱ̳գľ

ͣ£Ů³ͷɽ壬ɿظһ·ϵĵǴʱ㶼ˡ
ǵˣףЦ
ĽЦһõطѹƽϲȥνɽˣ
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ĽЦ롪
ĽƥſԼԲݣȻŮʩչṦƮƮ϶Уת۹ɽ
ɽϵԱһЩǺܿһƬСľǰľǰһ
һϮһ̫ʦϣȻĿգ΢۾ƺ˯ȥˡ
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ĽȻȥȻǵʦ߾
ţǻˣף۾˵ڸˣ
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ףƵʦǺǵľˣ
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СͽĶˣˣ߾ҡͷ΢Ц֪ʦӺˣ
Ľ΢Ц˵ұʲôˣĸˣЩҵףҲʲôӪһֱҰ׵ڣϲ飬пһţȻû뵽һã
߾ȻǿЦɣ
ĽЦǰ

߾´һۣЦеĵû뵽ţԼ㾳أ漣
ĽЦҡҡͷʵҲʲôͨһҽҽѧͨģһͨͨѧѡ
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⵹ǲ٣һţһԼã⼸ܵ£ͨҽȻ
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ʦףƿһĽһֱôɣ̫Сûʲôѵġ
ߣѽ棬ǧָǣ߾ûĵ

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Ľһ¶Ц⻰ɲýӡ
߾Ťͷһ㣬ȴĽЦеĵ鵽һ׼ô죿
ĽȢ׹
ɡ߾ҡͷ
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ףƻ˵߾Ѿ뿪ӣƮƮȥ
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㿴Ÿ߾뿪ķ̾ʦһˣٲı䣬ǡ
ĽЦнķӣصģһ취ģ
ҡҡͷ̾ǲ˽ʦֹۡ
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Ľʦܵ˲ţô£
˶˲һֱβáףƵ
Ľü˭֣
ڵˡףƵ
Ȼڵˣ
ףƵʦʦ㱨ȥڣԪˣԪʤһ
üԪ
ţڵȷʵѲףƵʵڲˮʦƫƫ
㲻˼ĵұʦ㱨ƾǵıǲˣֻܽԲŸ˵ġ
ѽ̫ףףҡҡͷεˣҪ׼
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ǣһ취Ľæͷ
ףʦ㣬Ҳæɡ
Ӵô͸첲ףЦҵһӣսʦ


86 ˷
սʦüʦ㣬Ҳ룡
ףЦʦǲأԳΪʦҲ޻˵ˣǲǣ
ü룬ҡҡͷס
ף§סϸЦҵĺʦãʱˣƴһûϣˣ
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ĽЦҡͷҿδá
ף΢Цͷһ⣬ʵشңвУ
ĽЦףʦ˵
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Ľһ£һ㣬΢Цֻ͵͵ˣ֪
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ҿɲҺףЦһʦ֪ˣǻҪڲɣ
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ףƽЦӴ⻹ûôأˣ
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ĽЦףʦ˵òͽҰɣ
ѽҡͷ¿ʦôϲЦտģʦһ仰һ仰Ҷ˵ģ
ĽüͷһףƣףðСʦã첲ԽԽˣͱҵϵףҿɲ
Цףʦ㣬˵ɣ
ðɺðɣҲ˵ǣףεĵǲصģʦûôĵģ
ʦ˵ɣһۡ

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ͷʦƢӲģ˵ʲôҲûãҲ׷ˣ
ĽðɣǾ˳ȻɣʦӦ㲻Ӧɽʱ͵͵棬Σ
㵹¶һۡ
ĽǺЦʦҲɣ
ȻҼ޸㣬ȻҲܸˣߵ
Ľҡͷ̫ܰɣô
ʦϲˡ㲻ҪʦǰΣԶɣ
ĽЦҲû
Ц˭͵ӣ
Ľҡͷ̾ðɣˣе壬һЩļһһʵҲһҰɡ
㡭ü顣
ĽЩЩҪʵһóûúɱһɱ¸ɱ֮ˣ
ü˵ûãÿɱһˣһΣգ
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նݳǲܵģܲΪԷǶ˵ѣˣɱ˶Էɣǳʲôˣ
ĽԴ˺ףû壬ĸ֣ƽһ˵ҲҪġ

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⻹࣡ɿ
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ĽһסС֣΢ЦʦӦ㲻ɣ
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Ľ΢ЦİɣһСĵģ
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һۣڡĺˣΪУĽôһоĵֱ͸ĵףʱһ֡
ЪϢɣȥˣ
˵ղĽ˵һŤҴӿˡ
ĽЦеĿ뿪ҡ񵴣ʤգ
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ȷʵʱ˵ܾǼ£չؿ޵Ļ¾ܳɡ
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áĽӦһ齣һߴЬһ룬ǡñչؿһӣûʲô˴š
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ɫΣôùͷףЦİɣô˵ҲǵľˣʦݵģʦƢͰɽˣ
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⻰ףЦһҲ̫⣬ʦηηûеˣ
Ľͷţˡ
һ˵һߣܿͷӣһľ䣬䣬һʮ䣬Ľߵݡ
ʮǰ뷽Ȧŵǿյأ䳡źܼ򵥣˿ûиأ򵥵þһƽ˼ңʥھ֮صһڡ
ͷݣѾƻͨƮ磬ȥ߾ѾӾǡ
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ĽҲûлһԱ߿ϣЩɬĽ棬ף߾档
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ĽҡͷûоˣоɽҲǶ֣
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İꡭĽЦ
߾üôǶ֣Ȱһ䣬ûȤˣɽĸһҲǵģ
ĽͷֲɽЩ˰Եԭѣ
߾ͷ֮ĽܣǱ֮ɽ˽ܶʢ֮ס
ʥأĽЦʥںųаһڣƣҲг׿ְɣ
ʥ߾̾ͷо֣ƽʱ˭Ҳ֪ġ
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Ľ̾ʥڶ̫ˡ
߾ʵҲʥǿʢ֮ʣ̫ʲôɾͣɽڣٺʥڣߣΪǲˣɽĽܶǵ⽣ӰĥģԺĳɾ͡
Ľͷ
ʦ㲻ܺȾƵġȻ
оƣ˶˾ƱĽżһڣ߾һֱûƱʱȻһڡ
ˡ߾ڰ֣է䣬ۡһѪ䵽ϣɫһ»Ұȥ


87 Ԫ
ʦŮһæ
߾ɫҰܣȴûƿǵĲûĵһۣˣС
Ůĵʦҩɣ
š߾ӻóһƿһŻĵ裬ŵݽȻһھȥ
ɫ򶨣ֶµӣĽžҵʹֻ࣬ǲˡ
ʦŮ
ҩЧ߾ɫһ˿Ľܸҿһҩ𣿡
߾ƿĽСĽӹ󣬵һöᣬȻǰϸĿ˿
ҩʲô𣿡ףæʡ
Ľ룬̧ͷ̾ðԵҩ
Ȼͨҽ߾ͷȷʵҩ
Ľ㻢֮ҩȥֹʰˣܲԻǱˡ
ҩ𣿡ʡ
Ľͷҩ̫Ե壬Զʱһ̣ҩ̫͵Ļٵġ
ô죿ףæȻͨҽʦɣ
߾Цһ£ҡͷСѾͷͶҽ
ףæʦúһ԰ɣ
ȻҲ֪ʦҽ޷ΣֻҩѹŲ÷һͳҩ
õξǲĻһҩѹסֻҲȲˣ
ĽǲĻҸѰɣ
߾Ǿͺˣ
Ľ΢һŮͶϣһ˲˲Ķš
ĽƽˮԼһյʱ䣬ۣ˰ɣ˭˵ģ
ڵԪףƺߵ
Ľͷһֱ̾᲻ƣˣ
߾ջ֣ҡͷˣûʲôġ
ĽҪԿɡ
߾̧ͷ
ĽЦһҲ޷ǲǣ
Ǻã԰ɣ߾Цŵͷ

㼤糺֪ĽӲûյ£˵ԣһаյġ
ʱܰ⻰˵ֻĽЦЦʾٰꡣ
˿ü۴飬ø߾һۡ
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ĽͷˮܵǺҪк͡
ˮüŤͷʦ㣬ȥЩˮ
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߾˵ͲСˣĽҲ꣬Ϳȥ࣬һΡ
ĽԹǾԿҪʱһЩ
޷ô궼ˣ칦򡣡߾
ĽͷҹƵһһҹܳɡ
аգ߾üʡ
ĽЦЦҡͷ԰գܲԹۣ
߾ҪȣҲΪңͰС㣡
ʦף
εĿ߾ҡҡͷ̾
ĽЦ˵ﻰҿɲΪֺǰݼڰɣˣ뾡һ
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˶û˼úóԷˣݲݳԹ֮ĽûżҪʳ䳡߶
ʱ죬ǲͣסȻص߾ӡ

߾ĽǰãϥĽ˫ƴģһʼ˹
Ů⣬ţ˴ţСһ˹ʱţϡ
ƣҹɫţ̫˿һûжҲҶ
Ÿļһֱ棬̫Ӷһֱ£ûж
ĽѾǰ˵ˣҪһһҹҲûŽȥǲǷ⡣
ҹɫٴ˲֪ĿȻоһɺһţ漴顱һ졣
ʦףæ
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ŮæĳݣĽɫ԰ֽϢһЩ٣ʪ
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ʦôףƿһĽʵ´
߾԰׵¶һ˿΢Цţˣ
ģףƻ
ʦ㣡һĽ
ꡪףæָں촽ǰһ¶Ǹ⣬ȻŤͷʣʦˣ
š߾Цû뵽˾
ʦû˰ɣʡ
߾һĽҡͷ̾ûˣ¡
ʱɫˣæʣôˣ
߾̾ܺȣԪ⼸Ұζúòһա
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߾ҡҡͷСѾͷݽȥˣ
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߾ߵ˵ǲҲˣ
ףһæҡͷ֣ʦҿûУ
ߣʲôô߾ߵ
ףƿЦʦô˵ҲҾˣǲǣ
ðɣǳȥ߾

ŮݣȻţ㵣ǵĿһۣ¶ʦʲôԪ
߾һ£ˣһЩɣ࣬Ѿͷ¸ƵģԪһͺãģ
ףЦһҡͷʦͱ¹ֻˣûˣ
߾ҡͷ̾ǸûϢģڶպˣôˣ
ʦʱһ
߾æ֣С˵ˣҾӦݣ
ǣʦεĵͷ
߾СƣҶˣŪԵġ
ϣʦҪҪϢһʹӦˡ
߾ڰ֣ʾض˵ֻʣˡ
üһǳģ֪ôûϢʦǰֳĵģʶɿüͷˡ
߾һüģ㲻ɵߵҶ˵Ҫ㻹
ʦ㱧ԹΪʦˣ۳ˣ
ðɺðɣǸл߾ûĵҲô㽻˭֪ʲôˣ
ҪǺˣαطҪʦһˣʦôܾ˼棬˭۰Ͱ͵ĳ
СѾͷǽѵΪʦǲǣ߾һɣð˲Ҫʦˣ
ʦ㲻
ðɺðɣɣ߾ûĵʡð
һ֪˳Ȼ˿Ǽ޳ȥŮóȥˮûأԼˣ

߾գһۣҲȥɣҪϢһ
ʦ㷢һͨƢ֮ϰˣ˼ĵͷ
߾ε̾ҡͷѾͷ̫ˣԶûôã̫ͷˣ
ʦ׵ġЦ
׸ߣ߾˵ֻʱסˣСͽֲʡ
СͽܣܳһЩ谮һǺ»ˣˣҪ޸ˣ˺
ʦҲῴ˵ģ
ѽ߾ҡҡͷ
ʱҲҲʦҾÿ˵һʲôˣû취ġ
߾Цһͷ
⻰ģپΣ϶ձƭ˸
ʦҲµˣģ
ʦ㵱÷飬Ҳô˵ģ߾̾ʹɫ
ĬȻ֪˵ҲȻ
һʱĽԹһ࣬ȻصԼڶ峿ʱ֣ԷɫԲ԰ס
ԹݣĽҵЩ˵ˣ
ЩܵģȻʡ
Ľͷô𣿡
ĽԽԽá
һ£ҡҡͷû˼ŪðɣһᾡŪõġ
Ľͦ徲Ҳػȥæɡ
ðɡ
ʱ֣Ľָ붨һСӵݸĽ¶Цݡ
ĽԹɫԲ԰ţϢ΢ףҲеģʦҪҪȥҩֵҩ
߾һĽüŵͷҲá
ĽæЦףʦ㲻ˣͺá
ҿһʱòˣԪ˵̫ˣףƵĵĵ
㵣ǵĿĽһֱء


88 
ĽЦֲˣЩͦģҿǹ񫣬ףʦվտ
㲻ͺãףЦһ쵽⣬ܻţպ˶ˣ嵭ģ
ðĽЦŵͷ
ףƿ˫ֲմˮģȴһŻɽ䣬ǹ񫡣
߾ȻĻŪЩҩ԰գҩڵĵҩ飬ʡٵĹ򣡡
ĽЦ칦򣬾ָܻԪˣ鷳ҩز޳͵ҩɣ
Ůͷ¶⡣
ˣǾͿ߾ҲûǿͷҲȵġ
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߾εĵͷðɣպ˵
ףưĽһۣôõĻôŹˣ㿴һĽҲЩ⡣
ĽЦЦգϬоĽ˼򲻵
ĽԹŮⲽһԡ¹⣬͡
ҹɫ֮ĽٻݣŵϢҲٻˣɽϼ˾
ҪˣǵϢѣûʲôΣա
ڶ峿ĽɫԺһЩŮ¶Цݣоϣ߾ԭĽԪĽӣ֪Լʵĵú
ĽһֱãҲż

ϣԹʳɢˣݻҪ˯Ȼʣ˭ѽ
Ľҡ
һôˣ
Ľţҽȥ˵
У̫ˣѹ
ĽЦŰɣҪҾӲȥˣ
㡭޺޵ĺһ°£ţĽЦվ档
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ĽǺЦǺõúܣ䲻ӦһֱסŵĻ޸ûʲôǲǣ
˭޸ûĵ
ĽЦǲýȢίˣ
һҲϡ㲻ǻλɽڵô
뵽ʱµûţǰôֻòѣദλĴԽԽ⣬һ̡
Ľҡͷ̾˿ЦҲ֪ҵݣߵһඡ
̾ӿü֮䣬ҡͷҪĺͺˣ
ĽЦھĺ
üҡͷһʦģ
ǵδأĽ΢Ц
˵Ż֣§
ƽʱʱͷ뵽ްĽ˻ûоܾ
˵İȫһжˣֻĻһж塣
Ľ§Խ§ԽҲݣȻƶ齣һ𣬶ʱҴ⡣
ѹֵߣƮӣڼžҹɽ϶õ

ڶ峿ȻۣתͷĽߵӣо˴ԼϵĴ֡
һһºˣ뵽Σ۶֮ʣĺȻ
ԼûֹסʴǵĸоʹӹôҲ޷ѹסʦʦһˣ
ʦ㵹νʦ
뵽ѴԼϵĴƿ齣סӣŵĳݡ
һݣ䳡ϵŮЩ֡
ӲͷƤ˸кʦףʦ㡣
ŮЩ죬ҴӦһרעʲôҲûһЩ㶡
Ϊӭʦһͨû뵽㷴ӦѲԼûԼĴ
Сʦãҿһ͵û͵ףЦ֣ˡ
ףˣֻǲ˵ѣףʦĹŹЦݾ֪ˣʦЩ֡
ðæӦһ絽ǰһĳʦָ̣
ˡ顱һţףһ߻һ߾УӴСʦóʲôҩ
䵽·磬֮ʣȻѹס㣬ˣһʮΪ
СʦʼãƷʤԼȴ磬ͬһķԼķһ;ݣһֱңңСʦõġ
ǰһӣǱʱѹСʦã˽죬Ȼһ˰㣬Լˣ

߾ŮһͷС㣬ô£
ҡҡͷҲЩãȻʦʦ㣬Ҳ֪
ףĽĵ֪ǿô࣬ǡСʦһܺðˣһΪף
˵߾
ףƿ㣬Цʦǲ˵ĺã
ٷϻ߾һ
ףЦһҡҡͷʦϹµģ˵˰գ
ѾͷǲҪ㣡߾ûĵ
ʦ㣬ô£
ϣףЩĵΪôһģǲǣ
Сҡҡͷ
ߣеôףƺ
߾æȵСƣ
ҲûĺߵǸԼİɣ
Ťת뿪ˣʦ㣬ôʲô˵ѽ
ףƺֻ˵˵ô󵨣ʦǰǸǡ
ʦ㡪߳ŭ˹Ҫ
ףһæĶ
ŮֳһţһĽ﷢ףһ㣺үˣϽź򣡡
һۣǹȥˡ
ڴʱȻŲףһƣʱ¶ϲЦݣʦ㣡
ֻһòŮ޳޳üëƽᣬ浾
Ľ￴òŮӣƺ֪ǵʦˡ
Ů˹ȥһץһֻ֣ϲʦ㣬
΢ЦǺʱģ
üףЦǿһֱʦأ
ʦ𣿡ʡ
ףƵأʦݣ

һݣĽϣȻڡ
ùɣʦˣ
ĽλʦΪɲͰ
ͷţʦʼãҲڷܣ̳ڵľǳʦˣ
ĽüҪ̳ڣ
ͷѽ书ʦãҳʦϸܣҲԶԶأ
Ľԭˣ
ٴδߴ٣ɣʧˡ
ĽЦеĵλʦܾأ
ȻæͷҴСǳʦأʦǰһֱ书ûǡ
Ľͷûٶ˵档
һˣ˿Ľ̾
ҲףԼˣǿϣԼʵ飬ԻŽģȴֳ
ҲѩһһȣԵЩˣ㣬Ǹ
緹Χһӣһ˰һ߳һġ
ʦ㣬黹˳ɣףʡ
ͷţá
Ŵݣв˳Է˹ԱŮͬӴݼ֣һȡ
ףЦʲôȤô
һ£ͷһ䶯µĴ£
˵ףæ
΢Цǿ˵ѹ
ѹף룬ҡҡͷ㣺ʦãƽʱЩģ
ͷѹ֪ǰһӵɽڣ˵ɽˣ֪Ǳˣɽ˸ա
˵һ߳һ˵ҲĽ
ɽڣ룬ҡͷǿ鷳ˣ
æĴߴٵʦ㣬˵˵˵˵䶯µĴѹʲôϵ
𼱣ҺȿЦҨͽŶݣҲúܡ
ףֱֱĿ˹ĺèצӣ߾ҲЦߣҡҡͷѽмСŮӣ
ʦ㡪ףƼҪҨæ


89 䴫
ðɣҾ˵˵΢Ц
ףƽе˵
죬ѹһλӿֵº䶯ɱѩɽʮ˵ɽ߿ɽһ죬һһﲽѪһ·һ·ɱ䣬ŪñĻ̻̣
ףͷЦѹôһʦãѹʲôɰɣ
ͷţѹʵ̫٣ֻһٶӡ
û뵽û뵽ףҡͷʦ㣬˭ѽ
ѹ޼ɡ
޼ɡף룬ҡҡͷû˵أˣ
ʮҰɡӢ۳꣬书֮ǿ˵ѷսνͻȻâ
ףͷЦȵùʦܣ
Ӧòɡʦȥѩɽʮ˵ܻЩ
޼ûˣףʡ
ҡͷȫˣ˿𣡡һ༸ѣһɱٶˣǸɱǣ
ף̾ʹأһɱٶˣһˣûʰһˣ
üʦȥģǵѩɽûҶ֡
ףƲƲ죬ҡҡͷǰǺʨ˵ʦҲ߯С˵
һۣЩ֣ǰʱǶʦ޲ڵģΪ
һĽƽЩ̫ƽˡ
΢Цʵô޼ɣ
ĽЦҡͷҲˣЩ󶮵ģһɱôˣѲʲô飿
ţǰһǵѹˣףæͷˣѹеӲǺƽӹôһô
ŵġ΢Ц

۷׷׵ĹɿƳһĽȴû˵һֱԹ緹ĽȥһɽϷ羰
ΪĽɫһЩˣһֱϢӦҲˣ߾Ըתת
ߺ󣬳Ťͷüʦô£
߾λϣʦã־ңڵľˣ
ˣʰ꣬üҿСʦô£
ףҲһʰ꣬Ц£
ûأõĺߵ
СƣС˵˵ɡ߾
ףæľ˵һ飬Цʦ㣬ҿʹЩĶãǸˣĶţΪҿʦҲһṼʦõģ
šţԸ߾ʦ°ɣ
߾ͷš
ʦףȻ߾㲻ǲӦ𣿡
߾ûĵǶˣҲӦΣ
ҿԻãǲ֪ΣƢ᲻̫ˡ
ףЦ⵹ģҸദʱ䲻ˣƢˣؿ³ȴ󷽣ʦǿ˰ٱ
ΪΣʡ
߾ǶȲϣΪķ죬ӦòɵģİɣСзִģѾĵӣ⡣
ͷͺãҾ򵥡
ף̾ŵͷѽܲأʦһֱûΣôˣҶ켱ˣһ¾κˣԼҲԪ⼸ڲء
¶Цݣ߾һֲۣأҿʦɫܺãΪַ˵ҩء
Ƕûٳˣ̫߾Ц
ЦϲʦˣôһǿԮҲܻˣ
ǰ߾ͷЩˣ
ʦĻЦҡͷٲһ飬׺ηʥСʦ÷Ϳ
߾ͷٲһҲãһֱû¿أθڣҲ֪᲻Ӧ
ǾͿСʦõĸˡЦ

ĽƵߣΧķ羰ܿһɽǰͣסççȺɽȻŤͷʣǸ޼𣿡
ĽЦЦͷҡ
㡪ţ´ôȥǱɱˣѲɻ񻰴˵ķ
ĽЦһ
Ŷͷٶʣ漰˵ġ
Ľһ£ʵ˵Ҳûʲôϡģһһܹ˲Ϣǧ
ü˵Цء
ĽЦʵûʲôҶյ£ҵسɴ֮
سɴ粻Ǵ˵ˣߵ
ĽҡҡͷȻֻǰһйӰӹȴŤһţ嵽ʲô
ǰһΧŤͷܣȻɽ£һ˲乤ǾȻɽɽ¡
ǧ׵ľ룬ʩչṦҲҪһӹȴһգۣʵڷ˼
Ľ΢ЦΣ
㡭㡭㶢
ĽЦʵҵõģ书ţǵҵطҪСҰݵѹѹ书ĳɾ͡
سɴ硭ҡҡͷȫ߸ʶԭЦ֮ʲô
ûʲô˵İɣĽЦҵɰɣˡ
عⷨȥ˱ѩɽ֮Զ˶ã
ĽЦʵ̫ãһҹӣ
ҡͷ̾Ϣ֪˵ʲôá
ĽЦһҵҲᱻˣǲǣҹǳʦ㻹ң
ţͷʦ½ܣűˡ
Ը鲻ʲôɣĽЦ
İɣһۣΪȻʦʦһ˿ھ
Ľ磺ûж⣬Ҫġ

ļ죬ѹ޼ɵĴ䴫£ٴɱ䣬ʮѣЩŷӣˡ
һ֣޼һΣɱɢӣǱȫû
֮ٲ֮ӲӲˣŷ򲻹ùɷܲһֱ
޼ɵĴ½֪˴ɱǰδУ˵¼ƣҲģֶεȴûУΪ
ЩһˣһʹɱһˣðǱ𣬺
ǿĸҲ޸ĸ޶ŮЩ޼ɣ꼰˵ġ
죬Ľûȥ༸һֱ˫˫ˡ
߾Ҳһֻ۱һֻۣȨû
ʱ֣ĽسԼСԺݳǵСԺһֱ£Ҳλá
һֱСԺѾһµĲĽ֮ʣչ
⼸Ľģֻ
Ϧ£СԺﱻ֣ں԰ȻĽ֣ϲӣ
һϮ׳װӢˬʱü۷Ź⣬ݹˡ
Ľһĳƣ
æһ¼һܹȻ̽£ĽַһƣƵֱУ˫ۻҵĴһ
һһУĽƣͷûû͵
㽾ĵȻˣ
ĽЦ磺һӿţ
תأһֱûҹ
Ľͷ¹ǡ
ü룬ӣٺôҲӲݵģʲôǣ
ĽЦЦԻ⣬Ʒã򲻹Ҫһųɡ
ʣôѽ
ĽΣȥһطвٵĸ֣һһд书ø졣
Ӳһôʧʡ
ĽЦһ£һ书ˣٴ㵽ߣ
׸ͷ
Ľ磺֪ͺãҪú͵
ðɡεĴӦˡ
Ľ÷¥Ҿ¥ϰ壬ٰŽ
ðɡûɵĽӹĽš
ĽЦðɣǾ͹һ侣ݳǣ
ǣӣʱ˷һԾ𣺡ȥѣ
Ľݵʱ䣬һʧ˺Ӱߣⲽ
ûĸߺȻǰ棬
Ľ΢Цˣ峤ʵʣֱ۵ס
ĽһǾףٺĸֵˡ
һۣҡҡͷ֪λкιɣ
ͷ߷ΰֶ֣նյˣǰɣװͿˣʲô㲻ף
Ľٺģ
˳ߵߵɱٺӣ
ĽЦЦٺɱңҾͲɱ
ض˵ɣ߳ߵ͵һ֣󣬶֣
ٿһ°ΧڵУȻӽɱ޷ϻҲûת徵أֻҪɱѡ
Ľҡҡͷνӭ಻


90 
Ľϸ˵Ľǽܲ͸磬ĸϳһ
ĽͷһμʶĽ󣬶Ǻϻֵ֮ȷʵˣÿһϵȻƵһɽѹ
ĽһӹͻͽԶʤǰǰΪĻܳʤϡ
ȴܹĴ˵Ľζٺ󽣷ľٺķ㶥⣬ȴá
һ׽ȴܿ˷ķı׶ˣγǿѹ¼ܽס⽣ָ
Ľһߴһ˼⣬ǵĽȫס뿴һжУӦһ׽
˵Ľ磬ףת۹ٶйȥʽϲ罭ӣ޾Ľ̾ѡ
ǵĽкûһظģһиһУףĽϸĶſ̽
ӣȻ
ĽŤͷ΢Ц㣬һȡ
ӣеС󣡡
ĽһŤͷ򣬺ȻӺˣһ˳Ľһ㡣
˶ų죬ϣݵֺֿ꣬ݣת۵Ľǰ
Ľüûȥ㣬ֻȵ㣬Ӧս
ǣСģӦһӭӡ
һӳ嵽Ľ󣬻ӽ̣纮һ㣬˲䵽Ľ󱳡
ĽһŲܿһ̣漴һ⣬ʱϻӶʱڵϡ
һû뵽̿;ȻױɱĽɱӣٿǱߣƷţֵŽС
궼Ǵ̿ͣרڴɱжȡûһˮ
Ľιеʱÿһʹˣѧʶ书ԺŻĲУɱûţܼ

òƽɫ糣˿ûɱ˵УƽϴֳԷƽ
ӣæе
Ľ㣬书һ㣬ܴùȻһӵ书ǰˣ
ǣεӦ
ĵٴγ޺޵ĻƣϸСÿһ¶ڽϣ׼ȷ󣬰ѳĿ
Ľ΢ЦŵͷŤͷĸһЦظˣһ׽ɣý
ԲնյŭȣСӺÿٳһ
˵ŽƶȻһ䣬˸ű仯ʱԭ˸ĽУһ±˻꣬ƵƵĻŽ
ĽȴܸܵıһƬԭһĻôĽٺγв
ĽʹԾȷļΪŻȴǳ·ǵŶԷţһʣ̫˵Էͱˡ
ߵĽȴֲͬĿʯͷסһ·ȫס·ԲܿܲԽȥֻӲƴ
ĽЦһ͵İѽһˡһȺ۷ɹһƬ˸漴ĸ߷˳ȥ顱䵽
û˶֪ĽŤͷǱߣҡͷ㣬ˣ
ӡЩίϾԼǵһθ˶֣λΣɭɭĽмסѾˡ
ĽǻҪأ
ǣӣæӦһļӿ죬飡ֱӡؿڣʱɡ
ĽվһԺʱд󶨣Ҳĺʹˣ鶯˲ץסɡ
ӷɳߣɽüЦŤͷĽ
ĽҡҡͷָһСʯӣ͡һûӵüģڿжʱһ٣Ȼֱֱ
ĽŤͷ߰ɣ
ɱԼľ֣һ´λֱɱʹ죬زаˡ

žݳߣӣٺ𣿡
Ľͷǡ
ĵѾƻͨһ¸֣ݳֵúܣһҹǡ
ǹӣǻ᲻һֱҹ
Ľͷᡣ
ô죿ü룬ܴù𣿡Һ˵ٺĴء
ĽЦеĵܡ
ӡÿζһֻش𣬸Ƶţһɡ
ĽЦûʲô취ֻˣǾûȤȻʵ
ǹӻ֪Ҫɱţ̾
Ľ㲻ɱɱˣ˵ڽɼǷƽҰ뷶ƽɽɱٺЩδضϧҪɱңֻɱˣҲܲаˡ
ҡҡͷӣôȥ֣ͣ²ء
ǾͿǵˡĽЦҲԱˣһһ£˶ܣƾṦ׷ϣ
ͷ׵ģ
˵лһȻԵй䣬Ϻ֣ĽȻһƽƽһƣʱһ¶
һߣ磬ƵľߣȻ̳һ㡣
һĽŤͷߣüڵˣ
ߣףЦһ
ĽȻһһƮֱܿһĽŤͷһƣȴǸˣ²ĿĽ㡣
Ľüھµģ
º̰ɣЦһۣǰɣ
Ľ΢Ц֪ŵģ
Ĵ˭֪ҡͷӢ۾ôСأ
Ľ΢ЦҡͷѾɽˡ
ϧûأߴĽҡҡͷһ뵽ʲôȴû㣬ǡ
˵̾Ϣҡͷѣǰ׾ˣҪԼǲֵҶòֵ
Ľ΢Цڱʥ׷ɱܼ֮Ȯ񣿾Ͳʥڵĸ
ߣʥΣЦһɢɳ˭ģ
ĽüɱҾͶְɣαҪ˵ôࣿ
߳һ£Ҹط˵
ĽҡͷЦЦαأʲô˵ģ
Σ΢Ц
Ľüͷһ£֣Ǿ˵ɣ˶෴ױ
ðɣ֪ǵķɣ߰Ȼ
ĽͷŴ
ֻҪǸ˶ܾǵķߺһ˵а˵ķ񶾣ʵô£
Ľʲôֱ˵գˣ
Ǻã߳Ǿʵʵ˵ɣǵķɣ
Ľҡҡͷ롣
΢΢һЦ֪ҲˣϲŮˣ㲻ղ
ĽЦܽղ
Ȼ߰Ȼķղǳһ㣬ķõĻԽȻܹղҹŮ
̫˰ɣĽҡͷʧЦ
ߺһϷƭڵĵӣŶѣ
ĽҲܣ
ȻߺߵҪȥٻһ£
˰ɣĽڰ֣ûȤ
üл·ߣѰˣ
ĽЦЦڲǱƼӰˣɲ˴򣬻ҵطɣ
úãǺڣЦһתһڽȺʧ
ӡ
ĽСһˣƽʱҲڵĻһ˳
ǣ׵ģӣͷ
Ľһ£ȥɣȥ÷ˣʰһ£뿪
ӣ治Ҫ𣿡ʣĽЦЦ

ҹĽصڣԼӣ˯һڶ峿ʱ֣Ůһ
ҲĽ򽣷ƷȭĽҲӣ
ţŲսһҡݡ
ȻͣסȻף֣
Ľս΢Цԭӣһᣡ
㡭սЦȥ߾
߾սʲô
սЦǺǣʦ壬˵ʦǻˣʺһ£ףʦ㣬ʦãҪɣڵûΪǰɣ
ףûĵʦܣ˼˵أͱӣںҪǺСͽˣ
ŶսǸȻʵû뵽ôĵӣӣҪǣ
һ֮أףƲģߵʱôû뵽ǣ
սǸȻʵ˵ǷǼߣҲɼϾ˵ò㣡
ˣ˭֪ϻģףûĵ㵱ʱֻԼˣĹ˵ǣ
ףʦã֮飡ʦܣ˵ҲˣҪҪ
սҡҡͷ̾Ϊ˾ܵˣԪ̫ҪϣǵСҲˣ
ʣԪˣ书ʲô̶ȣ
սЦ̫죬Ҹ壬ֻϻǿܸϣֻʦԳˣ


91 Ӧ
ףԪȷʵã´δôˣ
ǰ˵£һεĻδôˣսЦͷʦãһֱòԾϲŻСȻĻҪȫû
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СʦҲҵúܣǺҲ졣΢Ц
ս̾ⶼԹңʦףʦԭ£
ףƺһǿɲҵʦܣ㻹𣿡
սЦףʦʦöȻҲˣʦɫܺð
߾¶һ˿΢Цðɣʦˣ
ûءսҡͷʦҪصĻһϢȥԪˣ
ʦʲôȥˣ߾ҡͷ̾Ϊž飬Ҳ÷Ԫ
սЩΣεҡҡͷ
߾ڰ֣ˣ˵ЩҲûãʦǹִ˭˵ҲûõģˣȻȥɣ
ǡսĽ
ĽЦЦ׵ģ
ףսɫˡ
ĽЦȢС㣬Թǰ
սͰ㿴ԼŮˣĻ죬ҪȢߣٺõĺҲ̲סˡ
Ťͷһ㣬΢ףϲһǻŭҲ̲סɫҪȢʦã
Ľͷ
ܣս
ĽЦôˣŮӺϣСò绨磬Ů˭Ȣؼң
սŤͷ߾ʦ壬ҪȢʦãܳ𣿡
߾ҡͷЦЦǲӦģ
Ǿǣսæͷɿʥڵܼ޸һˣ
߾΢ЦҲСˣʲôãҪ̳ˣһֲ˺ãǲΪ
սΪȻȴ뷴ʱ߾ԽԽãȰպεĻ˵

ĽЦԲӣŮΪ˱˴ϣ绨Ůӹ¶һʵڿϧ
߾һҲọ̇̄úã
Ľҡҡͷٶ˵սЦӵ˻ûðɣ
ǡսͷǿѹͷɱ
޲һưĽĸ֮ȾָԼŮˣ
ãܰ£ȴһ˿ݵأĽˣɱ⣡
Ľ̾ӵͦأǺúýɣܶŭĻģơ
սЦһлֹģ
Ů˼ĽţףЦпһ㣬ȴüͷ¶ɫ
ףƿ˼֪ĺĿǰ书ãսĸֿԵãͻĻֲ˺ã
ףЦһʦܣҲȢʦðɣ
ףʦ㡪æ
ףЦǲǣʦܣ
սͷĽʦúܾˣһֱһ˵
һףҡͷǾ֮£һ·ͻɽĶ޷ʦþඣٿʦ㣬ܾǵģȴΪһȫˣ뿴Ļ޸˭Ů˼˲ͼһģһΣԼˣĸŮ˸Ҽ޸㣡
㡭սʱա
ףЦʦܣ⼸仰ˣǲǾþָĿˣ
սףʦˣҲʦʦãɵʱ̫ΣԪһֱں׷ˣѲΪ˶Ů֮˽飬ǣ
ѽĶǴҵŮҲҪףͷҡͷ̾Ϣһ۸߾
߾Ҳ̾ҡҡͷսȥɣʹûҲС޸ģ
иˣսһһ˿΢Ц

뿪ˣĽҡͷЦջˮҿɰˣ
ôˣףЦ
ĽҡͷҪ˵Ǽٵģ书ңһ仰ʥڶԸһֲɣܲ£
İɣףЦʦԹ۵ģ
ĽЦҡͷˣһһ˵նסܻס
ѽϲӢۣףƲΪȻҡҡͷʦ㿴ô죿
ô죿߾ҡͷɿˣ
ףƵʦСųģ֪ܲļȻǹ⼤ŭս
˼һתµףƵļƣҡͷ
ףƼʦҪǲֵĻǺΣˣǺһֱɽϲȥȻĻ˭֪᲻⣡
ЦףƣҲµ˼
߾бһСƣ˺ʲôôôǣ
ףƿЦʦҵľˣҰһѲӦã
Ͳ°ʦƵ߾ߵ
ףЦʦɲǻӣ۹أ
߾ҡҡͷЦĽȢС㣿
Ľͷǣ
һ߾һ£˵Ҫˡ
Ľף˵
߾ҪģܸģңȢڶŮӣ
Ľһ㡣
üһʦĽ
ô㲻ܴӦ߾ŮҲ¶ɻ顣
Ľ¶Ц
Ψԭ֪Ǹɽڵأ

ô£߾Ҫ󲻸߰ɣҪǿСһƬģҾӦ
ĽЦҿһ
߾ɣٸ˵ܴӦ»ˣҾС޸㣡
Ľͷǣ
̾һȭȻ󻺻ߣæҪ׷ȥȴ߾ֹˣС㣡
ʦ
С㣬úȥ߾ߵ
ףƵСʦã˵ʵʦһѰôһסˣѲɣ˷ˣ
ͬʱæҡͷûأ
ô£ףЦҿΪѰҪûˣΪʲôѵھȢڶˣ
˵ɫЩˣüСʦã㵽ŪûУ
ʦ㣬Ҳ֪һС檵ġ
һ£ͷţҵ֪һС檣ǸòģҺ㡣
ԥӦʦѲҪæһûãԼһ뵽
⵹ҲǡͷҲǸģĸˣԼΪḸĸ¥Ȼֽຣʱٰ׿ʵ̫̣
Ǿǣæͷʦ׿㣬Ǹ֮ˣ
߾ҡҡͷεĵѾͷûɺμҵˣôҪģô죡
Цʦİɣƾҵòһΰ˩סģ
ǣʦİɣףЦҪԲסСʦãҲ
ѽ߾ҡҡͷ֪˵ĿɺޣϲɵģòŮ˾ϲ
ʦİɣˡæ
һ£ʦҿǱΪˣϾСʦõˣôĥСʦҲܣ
ѽʦæĵͷ
ףЦǵ죬߾绨ӣԵǣ̾С㣬̫ˣ
ʦǱΪ˰ɣ
ףæǣʦˣȻҪСʦãʹˣûҪˣ˸飬ǲǣ
ͷʦףʦ֮
ţ̫˽ˣ߾ҡͷ̾
ףЦʦҪ̸ĵĻʦסѲ⣬˳ȻĺãͿСʦõˣ
ʦ۰ͰͿ
߾ε̾ͷȻˣǾˣҴӦˣСͼ޸գ
лʦϲ
Ľǻ֮۴򿪣ǵĻУ´ϲɿ
㣬̾ϢɵѾͷԸ߽֪࣬ԼǵƣȴԼûûԼ

ڶ峿ȻһȺӿɽʼеİӹеŪӣйҵƣеĽֽһ
ĽûչΪǰԪˣӻûָڵӳ˽أ׼˹ȥ
Ľ峿ʱ»Ȼһ£ŵƽʣַǳȻ͸ϲ
Ů
߾֣ĽȥȭЦ
ţɫõöˡ߾ͷ΢ЦŶҿɲĲģ
ʲôˡĽЦⶼúˣ
߾΢Цͷٹ죬Сܼ޸Ҳǰڵˣ
ĽЦлȫ
߾ڰֵ㲻ҵ飬С֣պ᲻ڣûʲôæģЩҪ˵˵Сˡ
Ľϴ

߾֣תݣĽҲŽȥܿŮ
ϣ߾ָһ¶ӣĽ£һʥһоڣ֪ɣ
Ľ֪оڣļڣСһֱ˵
߾Ͷһ΢ЦԪڣڣڣҩڣڣԦڣ칤ڣڣڣһڡ
ĽţϸŸ֣Ѿ֪ǽڣڣҩڣڣ༸ҲûҲûǵϢ
߾ڵӶⶼԳʥڣǹأ˸֪ڡ
ĽȻĵͷ
߾һóֵһš
Ľͬǣڵʵ֪ڵʵȷʵˡ
߾ϧһֱҲֹʵȻĻֵõɽٺ񣿣
ĽЦЦңڵĶͷļڣ
š߾ͷڣڣǵĶͷԪ˵ЦеģҲܲ
Ľڣ
߾һһԵᣬǣؼԪڡ
ԪڣĽӾԪڵİɣ
߾ͷưոݵģִ֣ȻС㣬׷֣ҪСģ
ĽЦ⼸¶棬Ҳɣ
߾¶ЦݣĽ֮ԶԶ
Ľһᣬҵģڳǰһ˶ϣþݣ˻磬Ц
ô߾ʡ
Ľɽһˣ
ǸС檣߾ʱ
ĽЦҲǸĺӣǼ²̣С㡭
ˣôôɣ߾ڰֵСܽܣʲô˵ģ
Ľ¶ǸȻ֮⣺ҽߣȥء
ȥȥɣ֪һζΣգ߾̲סѡ
Ľ׵ģҲҲܱС㣬Ҳûٻ
Сĵͷᶯ֡߾˵ΪͷҲƲ硣
ĽͷǣһСĵģС˵ˣߣ
ȥɣ


92 
ĽڣֱɽȻУߵ·ʱֱһ˲ƻصСԺ
ݳڵСԺԾͣĽصʱ죬ڣԭɵ°׳ϣԳߡ
֪ƣĻӶһһͬһнĽһԿðԵͷ๦С
ĽûֱüĵԱǧϣĽһ
ӣŤͷĽϲӣ
ĽЦͦùġ
ҿɲΪӵ׸ŹӴҳȥأӿʲô£
üͨĽ¡
Ľ΢Ц㣬ҪȢ׹ˡ
һɫ΢䡣
Ľ̾ҡҡͷ㣬һҪģˣ
ӲҪˣ
ĽЦ㣬Ҹ˼ˣұ㻹ɡ
ǹӵˣƾӴã
Ľ̾ߵһǧϣҡͷھݳǣȥС
ԺӣǹӵһˣԥĵҪˣͻòã
Ľ΢Цͷá
ЦӣǲﲻԶţ
Ľҡͷðɣѣݳ̫ΣգҪõ书
ͷӷİɣһúģ书ȥ
Ľ¶Цͷ־ͺãٰһѣ
˵֣ϲæݣĽϣӣҪҪ׼ˮ
Ľһβˣܣúúš
ȻЦӷİɣ̵ס
ĽͷȻ˫ƴģʼ˹ٴʩչëϴ֮ǿĹ
һˣôö̫ǷĥԼһĿҲۡ

ڶ峿ʱ֣Ľû㣬Լһ·ڣһ·׼ʩչ˲ҪһһĻȥ
ճݳǣǰȻߣĽߺȻУЦЦּˣ
Ľסüλס
ǽϴεĻ˵ɡЦеĵɿˣ
ĽЦЦԼ˵λǰǻǲĺã
䣬ͣûãЦڣΪеˣʹ죿
ĽЦǰûôǿҵûǲǽǹνǵͬΪıǲĺã
üҪܾˣ
Ľ
ʹһܣ΢Ц֪Ϊλʦֹæӵù𣿡
ĽǺЦջҪһ
պεģû뵽ôϣҪԣԳˣ
Ľ˲ٵ˰ɣ
ͰȻмܾܾǣ
Ľü˵ھвٵӦˣ
֪ͺãЦҲ˵ȥ֪Ҳûãˣ
ĽЦǵδأְɣ
һϣͳߵһ磬˲䵽Ľǰ
Ľû뵽ƮȻˣܹˣȻƮƮνһ̣һ죬͵Ľ
Ľ⼸ıչأһȥ͵Ľֶʱһ
ѾĽΪһֲŷ֣ǵ͹ˣЩŭҪɱ
˳ͺһǲмƷŭ
֣಻Ľȫ֣ĽУȴ׾һ̣һָ˵ɣȴƵ˽ɢң޷ơ

ת۹ѾʩչУȴκβĽĽ˵ĽУϷˣǡ
պεģȻýֲܾȵ˶Ц
Ľ΢Цǻʲô£ʩչɣҪŸ·̫ܵã
Ц·ŭȫûԼȷʵڿɶ񣬺޲һĽϧ
࣬ٲ»ĽĽȴеʯͷܹı佣佣ɢҡ
Ľһֱڹ۲ǵĽһ飬ÿԶˣûģҡͷЦڵĽ
պεģٳһŭһĽＤŭȵϻ꽣
ͣһХУʱΪһƬ׹⣬̫£Ŀѣۡ
Ľ΢۾⻤ܲ͸磬ʱĽףȶԷ켸֡
һУĽĽǲͣײȻ͵һ̡
ͺȻһͣĿڵȥ
Ľৡ̳߶δ⣬ĿнĽ¡
һָ£ĽҡͷߵΪϧԼΪٸ죬ʰǸס
Ľˣ̾˿תǰߡ
һ·صھȻûְ֣Ȼս̵סûгû˴ɱԼ
Ѳģ
Ľһɽһ˼⣬ҡͷѣսӣģ׷㡣

ߵɽʱȻһϺ𣺡վס
Ļ̌ͷһվС룬۱磬бסǰ·
ĽϸһۣЩǶʮСӣ˫۾â䣬Ϊףῡܡ
Ľ߲̾ţȭ֪λкιɣ
Ǻɣվǰͷο࣬ӲߣеģԲӣߵȢʦĺ
ĽͷǺĳ
⣬Ȱ㻹ǸϽɽɣԲЦƾ㣬ôʦ㣡
Ľ΢ЦΪ䲻ʦ㣿
ҲԼҪ˲û˲ţûûҲͶ书ʲôõģԲЦƾģȢʦ㣬ǳ룡
Ľ΢ЦѾӦҵˡ
ԲһƲƲʦӦˣǿɲӦʦҲӦˣ
ĽЦȻ
˵Բߵʦ۸ڶῴģĶûģ
ʦ֣Աһ곶һ½ǡ
ԲһЦô˵ˣԼãʦ㣬һӻң
ʦ֣˵ɣԱߵ꼱æ
ԲƲƲ죬мĵģҿɲ£һʦκһèѷ
ĽЦЦսжǱսģսļƵǲС
Ľһ۾Ϳ͸սļı֪ʲôԲ֪ϢȻ
ԼҪսÿ֣ܻʲô֡
Ľ뵽ﰵԾ裬治Сս
Աߵһʦ֣ƫˣ
Բһ͵ĻعߵԶԣô˵ƫˣպεģʶĹԹɽȥָȢʦ㣡
Ľ΢ЦʶĻҪô죿
Ǿ࣡Բ۾һɣԽԲˣߵ࣬㻹˼ʦǰ
Ľ̾ҡҡͷô

ߣպεģǵģ˵գ߲ߣԲȻΪԼ⣬һⰡпԼ
ĽҡҡͷЦҲߣ
ԲĴָǺðɣСӻ֣Ҳؿˣֵǣк
ʦ֣Ҫһ𣿡Աߵʵ
Բɴ۾Ȼһ˭ù
ãһϣ˺ȻӦһЦеĳֽеõǳֿȭ
Ľӿҡҡͷþһ־磬Сһ²ܳܶˡ
Ľˣǰߣӭˣϡһгʡ
һݹҲˣ
˵սǰͷǷ׷׵£翳һ㣬ת۹һƬڵһ
Բһֱûϳ壬Լһϸ۲죬뿴һĽĵϸһС
Ľÿһ׼ȷĴУ󣬻һܶù
һ̣岻Լˣһ˳ڣת
һתʱצֻܹ֮ԹԵĵ£߽סĽڲ
ĽȺңһ˶ʮԲǰ΢Цֵܣָ̣
˵սѾԲǰޱȡ
ĽƿŻݣ޺ʵȴף޷ܣܵĻᡣ
Բŭһ͵һȭ
һĽȻȭ
һȭֵܵסԼϮʵѵãһ£Ц
ͣһֵǰƵԲ겻òӲ

˵ĽȭͷͣĽס̾ķʵѵá
ù򰡺ù򣬲Ľ̾ų
һԲ궷˳ʰʣµļÿһʧֻ֣ʣԲꡣ
ʮ֮Բɫ԰ףȭ޼᲻һ㣬ʵÿһȭ
Ľҡҡͷ̾ѽ
ԲȻֵˣǰˣˣ
ĽҲ˽΢ЦΣһ书׹ɣ
Ȼ书Բͷֲܴʦ㣬
г𣿡ĽЦ
Բ޺޵Ȼ
ĽЦ˵Σ
ԲƲƲ죬ûĵɥʲô˵ģպεģ߰ɣǲˣ
ĽЦҡҡͷӽİɣ
˵ԲʱȻɫ䣺ǣҲӦ
Ľüͷһ£Ц治ģ
ԲЦպεģǿʲôˣöǣЦ
ĽЦΪңӵæ
˭˵ǰˣԲЦ㾹ȻȢʦ㣬Ǿ˵ö֮
ĽЦûôذɣ
ߣ֪ʦĺãԲȻߵǺò˶ˣ
ĽüͷһбһۣˣҪٴսһٺϣ
Ҳ۸ˣеӵȥʰģԲϸֵĵĿûǺ˵ֻ࣬Ҫ
ĽЦ˻
Բĺһ㻹ڹأ
Ľͷ⼸һֱӻʲôأû뵽Ǽǳ棬ʵ̫ˣ
ʼʱԲһǲʶˣóԲ³ֱǻˡ
Բ룬ΧˣһţȻˣ˵ҲãҲۿ۸ʦ㣬ҿɲǰ㣬ǰʦ㣡
ĽЦúãǿ˵
ðɣĻڻʰ㣡Բߵ
Ľüͷһ£磿
ǹľƣھ¶㻹ôԲ޺޵
Ľüڰɣ
ߣҲ̫СˣԲΪңǲǣ


93 ֹ
ĽЦʥݵ
˵ܲɣԲ겻мĵҺϲʦ㣬ߺߣ
ʥʵΪֹ裬Ѹı䣬ʹϲ㣬Ҳ˶ıڵӡ
Բ꿴˼˵ھôˣʦҲֻһʦףʦ㶼㶥֣ǾǲԸ⣬
Ľͷ֮
֪Ҳûã˭أԲǿһһҡͷҪ¶Ļ˭Ҳסġ
Ľ΢Ц׶༪ˣ
׾ͺãԲͷֻŴһܴܲһ·
ôĽ΢Цʵָ̣
ԲߵȷˣȰˣȻûٺ㣡
ĽʧЦɱưոݣ
ٺ٣Ͳ֪˰ɣԲҡҡͷĵһɲһҪǹĴɱû˻˵ʲô
ĽЦЦŹֵأ
ðɣطᶪܱãǲǣĽ飬Բ˵ʵ
ĽЦһʲôĳͷ
Բͷǽ߿ߣ߽ɽɡ
ĽЦпԲôѽʵɣҾ߿߻߾ɽһ˶Ǿһ
ĽͷЦǾͶлų̂մ
࣡ԲһԦڵģҪ߿ߣܰæ׼ˣ
ĽЦеĵǾͶлֵˣ߿ߣһ볣ֵܰæ
ĺظȻ߿߶Ա˵׵أҾСһң
ĽЦŵͷֵҪҪͣ
ٺ٣ˣˡæҡͷæǾͺˣǣ
˵һ֣˴ӵʧ
ĽЦҡҡͷⳣ࿴³ֱû뵽ҲһС˼Ҫ赶ɱţʥڵĵӶСѽ

ܿصɽϣɽŵƽʣϾǴˣϲҲѹֲסɽϵǺܰŮ
ףЦСʦãڷ˰ɣ
Ҳ΢Цҡͷһ㣬⼸һֱס߶һ߶϶ʮأ÷ˡ
ĶĽŽӭ
ĽЦǰˣ
ûʲô鷳ɣ
ŮһϮ°Ӣˬڲס޳Ρ
Ҫ˵鷳٣ĽͷЦٺģڵģһλֵ࣬ͦġ
ࣿʱüԦǸࣿ
ףЦԦڵһӣҲ
ĽͷЦλֵܿǸˣͦȤģ˵Ҫڻ¶ңȷˣʰӡ
ҡҡͷЦЦʦܾ
ףЦʦԩҶͷһֱڽžأʦܵȭģǲǣ
ĽͷȭȷʵѵãΪֵ࣬ܲ
ΪѷսʹҲȥԶ
ǳʦܲĵطףҡͷЦԦڵĵӣʦԪڵĵӣ˵λһ
ĽЦԪڵĵӣԽҲ󣿡
ףƵͷǳΪʥڵһӣ书ʵʦ书Ҳмʦ㣬Ҳѷʦܣû
ĽͷЦԭˣɱӣʲô
ףһüһ£ҡҡͷͷûǴˣʦܲôɱģ
ĽЦ
ͷǣΪλѡɱ˵ˣҲˡ
Ľֵ˵ֻҪڱйɱҪ
ҡҡͷҲҪȥ߿߻߾ɽʦܲ⣬
ףʦܣǿɶ񣡡
ĽЦеҡͷ֪赶ɱˣˣԿ
ǧҪףæİ֡
ҲˣֵΪԼԪڵˣһˣʦݣ
ͷԪǱͲͣһǸлǳʥڣ
Ľ̾ε˵ֻ˱Ϣ
ʵãֻˣ΢ЦҡͷĽóЦݿɬﲻʡ

Ľͷ죬һ磬һֱûüѹˣҲˡ
ڣʵҪί׼ƽʱ༸ڲ
ĽһЦŵͷðգʵҲûʲôˣȨǹаˣӣһ취ġ
æӲʦ谮ʦĹŵӣһ⣬ʦưոݣܲҲܣʵ̫ܲЩ
Ľ֪ΪΡ
Ǵʱʦġ΢Ц
ĽЦãˣİɡ
ôõ·˰ɣȥЪһЪɡڲ
ĽЦŵͷǣȥϢһ
æӣóףҡͷѡ
˽ӣĽһѳ뻳§ס࣬˵Ѿˮ飬Ƥɬ
Ľ§ӣϣ⼸ûɣ
ûءҡͷʦţǲҷģʦ
ĽЦʥڵһʻˣŭڣǺ޲ðˣ
ǲҶֵģЦһҡҡͷǶʦ
ĽʣΪζ
ʦ־ģɱٵˡ
ĽЦûţڻ㣬ƽʱҲòɣ
ðɡҡͷʦڣǶҹܵԶԶġ
Ľ̾˿ҡͷǿ
ǰϧǲûѧʦı¡
Ľ΢ЦģԽԽãҲؼųŻ
̧ͷһۣˮ⻹Ҫлأʦ˺ˣ˭Ҳˣ
Ľ۲ӯӯתʱ鶯һ촽ЦΪģ̫á
һ˵ֺˣΪĽ֮ʣʩչһضΪ
ȴЩԼûȴƫƫΪµĽһ
磬ǧɱʦܣ
˹ϵԽ׽Ҳı˳ƺ
ĽЦŵͷã֪ˡ
ίˡ˵Ľ΢Цҡͷ


94 
ĽЦʲôίίģʵСȷʵɣΪɣ
ЦеĿʱ࣬һۣŤ֫뿪ˣĽǺЦҡҡͷ
ɵϣͷ˫ֿϿգ˼ľ򵥣סȴܰ
֪ô˵߾ԼƽȫûпףȴúУ˿ûоУ˵Ҳ㣬һһ
һ˲һţ⻰ȷʵһ̤ڣ˿ûĸУĸ塣
ļĽչؿޣ²ǰˣһ˼
ǶĽҪٵսսưոݣһҪ鷳鷳ʱǴ顣
ֻҪ˴飬ĽҲûٴڣȻҪ뿪㣬Ը
Ľޣ˵ʱ̫ô󣬴ĥǹҲ⣬мõġ
ʹûҲһο̫š
ʮ֮󣬴鿪ʼ
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ڣڶˣеĶе٣Щ˾һɷ֡
ĽΪģҪһһˣŸ߾һһӭĿˣ̾ʥڸȷʵǿ֮ǣЩǸ֣ٲõҲһ֣ŵһҲǶˡ
ʱ֣Ϧ£߾վһҪЦˣʹ幦ڣҲⲻյ顣
ǲˣ߾ŤͷһЦʡ
һżԽӨһ࣬էȥһʮҵٸ޶ˡ
ĽһϮڶӳؿڱһ컨ͷҲ֦ЩŹ֣صϰס
ĽҡͷЦ̫Щܲס
߾ЦЦӭ˿ɲף㲻ض¶Ц¶ôһ˼ˣ
ĽЦ˵ڽ㡣
ߣûǵ߾ߵ
ĽҡҡͷǿδأҿЩģܶ඼߲ƣԵһţ
߾һۣСӣǵﲻˣûԣ
ĽҡͷЦǳ֮ǵʵ̫ˣ
߾ûӣһ͵ģ˵ǳ˸֣Ҳˣǿȥ
ĽûЩӽ׳һ׳ơ
߾ҡͷ̾ûõģڵķʺŮˣҽ죬ʼõģֵӿɲң
Ľεĵͷٶ˵

ʦ󣬸ͽһʺõĵӣ֮ѣ缫ʢʥڣɽڣٺ󣬻СɣЩС廨ţ಻ʤһô֦ҶһʥɣЩС֦Ҷ
ЩСףʥǸѰٱҪͣھ˲ţֶʢܴ
ЩСɼѳ˵ط˲ţһЩ˲Ųȴɷ֣ѾСˡ
ЩɺΣһЩǱộģһ˵֮·ҪģһͣҪһʲôҲ˴ͷѰٱ
һЩɽɣģ˲ŲʢĿõ˲ţҪԵ
ĽЩ˽⣬Ҳ֪ͽͬһ书ͬˣЧԶԼһ
עƵĵˣڳߺȻ߾̧ͷһƣһȺѾ
ͷһĿ࣬㲻ø׳ÿһߵö쳣Ϊһ塣
Ľüͷһ£˺ΪҪǾΪˣ˾Ϊǿɽϸǿ֡
䲻ԼҲ̫࣬ΪһλʦҴ˵Ϊ纣ԨԶʤԼ
Ȼ߾˵ƣһ²µó˱ʥڵ

ĽϸһŨüۣȥȻ뵽аһڵ
ĸˣ٣һϮ£㣬ûϢϸעĻ׺ԡ
Ľף˶صķӦĳܹ޶ȵϢܾãһǵΪɲ⣬ѷԼ
ĽҡͷΪЩ壬ǿӦ˺еıǮû뵽ǲɡ
Ϊ֮Լ£һ֣о׵ĽԲԱʤΪûű
꣬һսһǸŨüۣӺ꣬һĺ棬һ֪ûʲôĻǸɵСӡ
ĽȴСŨü۵ΪҲǳ䲻Լȴѷս˵ҲӦʥڵһӡ
ս΢Ц˿ûԹ⣬һĽȴܸоеķŭɱ
սȷʵǸǸͦϧϵԼĽҡͷЦЦ
ǺǣʦãϲϲԶԶı㱧ȭǺЦû뵽ʦûôһţ
߾ȭһʦ⻰ɲԣôһ죡
ǺЦʦãԭΪҪţأû뵽ô׾Ͱѱͽȥˣ
ʦҲ߯Сˣ߾΢ЦˮĿսһ΢Цս˰ɣ
ЦǻܲԼϲ˱Ӳȥˣ˭ҲܲסοǸʢģ
ţ׼ôʦ֣߾ʡ
ЦЦҡͷ˻ô죬С㶼ҪˣҲǿǿŤĹϲǲǣ
Ŷ߾ŵĵߵʦֲô׷˰ɣ
֪Ǹִ֮ˣµ׼ˣƥҲͷνʦͽսҲˣ
̾˿ҡͷʱŮ֮飬ûеԣܰʲôæ
Ǿͺã߾ߵҿɲúõĻ񱻽ˣ
İɣҲҶֵģЦɨʦ棿
ߣԸ˰ɣ߾ûȫţһս

Ľһֱ΢ЦһԲһˣʱŤͷۣ΢ЦȷʵǸֲ°Сķģ
Ľ΢Цȭˣ
ǺǣСʥڵһĻժ仨ɲףСǶ޵ءҡͷЦҪ׼Ϊ񣬵Ҳܶס
Ľ΢Цҽң룡
ڰ֣΢Цǽкɣ
ĽЦǣ
СֵܵΪǲͽְܽɣ
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ѵʤЦʡҵĿ࣬ͽѽͲ󣬰СһүһҵڶƢˣ˵һҪлţ
ĽЦҡͷˣҵҲռ͵ıˣʤһаˣֵҿɲɣ
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һ¾ǽˣûΪȽϡ

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Цʦٰ꣬ǴֻФСһֱ˵ս̫ƽʱù䣬һֱй䣬ԲŻᱻСδˣ
߾Ťͷһսʦ֣˵ͽô£
ôһһˣƳһսսĽФǻҪš
߾ߵһ쵽ɽй䣬ҵҿýһˣôȥ˴ʱ⣡
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߾ͷɨһս̾Ȼʣô͵ƿ
пĵͷǰʦãǲϲɣͿûΪٿСΣʵ
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벻⣬Сһ׮


95 
ФٺЦԺޱȣĽĨɾǵѪ˫ȴŹ⣬翴˺ߡ
Ľ΢ЦФʦܣЦˡ
Фæڰֵʦ֣һһǶΪȷʵķʲôķ
ĽЦҲ֪ʲô֣һϵõģϹţ⸱ӡ
Фɴ۾ֿ
Ũüһ£Ťͷ߾ЦСֵ޳ɲŵģʦã
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̾ĴĽҡҡͷû뵽Сֵܾţãã
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ʥڵˣ߾Сķǵˣ
ڰЦʦòظСķһպʲô»Сֵܲ
ĽЦġ
ζĴۣ֪˵ԼǸ߾ظʦûˣﾹȻڣþ
˼ţ鲻΢ЦСˣ˵ʦ˰ɣ
ФٺЦʦҾôһ˵αصأ
ߣһ֪㣡ûҡҡͷսսҲСֵܺúദɣպһˡ
ǣʦսĵͷĽЦЦ֣պעˣ
ĽæЦҲһɽҰ֮ˣֵܱȣʥҿɲд󣡡
˵Цˣսɫ΢䣬ɿƳһ
Ц涼սһ֣ô֪δԪڣҪڵӵı֣
߾һʦ֣ͱ¼ˣԪķ˭ͦõģѡһҪ˼ˣ
æЦʦãɳԶ
ȻʦҲ治Ʋôͱһϳţͽ㣬һȷʵѣôԥȥͽ˽٣ˡ

˵ɽһȺˣĸ峤ۣŸͰԵ
ͷһǸ꣬ο࣬Ҫһÿһʯͷڵϣ׺
ʦҲڣʦͷǰʱһ֮ȭ
Ҳ꣬ˣȴùɣ࣬ԹԵ
飬ˣü
ͷʦеͲˣ˵ϲϲʦ壡
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ĽæФֵܣʱٺúдһ£ҿФֵǾͨȭɣ
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ﰵŭȴûбֳЦеĴܣʲô羰
ʵﲻͣ˼Լ⣬ɱ

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96 
ס֣һŭߵһٴնĽ
ȴһ겪Ȼŭֱӳ֡
ĽٴһŤͷһۣҡͷЦǺαأﲻдѧ˺ǲǣ
˵һģһ죬һ˳ȥԶԶķɳ⡣
ֵɫ԰ףѪɫһȥĽ

Ľһֱķ˳ֵᣬһƵӿˣֱû취ֱֵһ飬֪ɿˡ
ĽŤͷ΢Цһϰգ
֣˶һ۷ŭߣɫƥٴι£ҪĽһն롣
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İƣڵӻʧԭΪǼӲһ汾أû뵽
˵ҡҡͷ̾ʧţ
߾ЦǵʦǲģС
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󡪡硪ʱɬԽˡ


97 Ϲ
Ľһֻֿʼأˣʼϸ
ֵԽԽûǳ˹ͷһ̱Ű
Ľ绨ӣȥǣĳ嶯ԽԽңһ°ѹϣɢס˴档
Ƭ̺󣬴ζ֣ʼʱ᲻ţǿߵڴŮӷæܿˡ
Ҳǽ·ϰף߾Ѿ׼Щһ·ȻĻǳԲ˶ߡ
߾Ǽǿģһ˻˲Һñһɹ¡
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ǲ֪Ů֮ζߵǺܹо͸ͬһ㣬Ƥӷ
ףƳһߵʦ㣬治Ǹö
ŤͷܣͷΪ飬ҡҡͷȻüͷһףʦãƣ
ףŤͷȥһĨӰ͵͵Ǳ·
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÷򣬲ҪɣŮæʣ濴һۣѾˣܿĴ齣ôʹ档

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šһæѾ
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պµðٵİˣСЬҲҪ˫ˣҡͷ޿κΡ
ԭΪô֣ܰһӣ˲û뵽÷ʵȴһ°ڵһӸˣ
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ףأףʡ
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ףŤͷ˿ܣ÷أ
ʦȥˣָָԶݣƻͨﻹƮɢŲ㣬ζ
ף̾˿Ц¿鷳ˣսҲ߯ˣҿ÷ôһȥһư
ЦЦˣ˵棡
Ժӿôףҡͷ졣
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ΪڣԲŻףûĵµģ
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98 ĥ
ôаףЦŰڰ֣ҾͲţûֵʱϳʦҲǲ֪ʦ±ϳԼöʵ
ҡͷƾ÷ľһ۾ܿˣЩҲûʲôˣ
ףæĵͷǾǣûʲôˣˣôӦİ㣡
ЦЦҡҡͷ
ʦЦʲôףæʡ
ѽ÷أ첲Ҳʼˣ
ʦϹ˵ףæİ֣ʲôѽ첲ѽ
漴ַӦ÷ҵľˣҴȻģɱ˼룡
ЦҺ˼ʲô
ףƶʱŭˣУ
˵ŷɿȥӳæܣһ￴Ľʦ
ĵĿȻĥ

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Ľ̾ҡͷʦǵǱߡ
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Ľͷһ۸߾Ϊһ֮Ȼǲĵİճһȣ΢
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׺ס߾
ĽǣСϲסĺΪҹˣżȥһ䣬˾ͻ
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ĽЦ⽣ѧҵĽȫƾֱģ˷ʤ
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߾¶һ˿ЦݣڻѾãˣ֮񣡡
ĽʦİɣҲԹۣ

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һʮ԰棬ҪʰˣҪ˰æȻʣʣҲ鷳
ĽصСݣʹս书
Ľͷ΢Цǡ
εҡҡͷ㵨湻ģԪڵĵӣʦưոݵģ
Ľ΢ЦǱգûʲô˵ģ
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ĽҡҡͷЦʦղ˵ˣʦҲ̫ݵģûʲôĵģ
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ĽЦǺðʶһʥڵӵķأС㣬صģһᴦģ
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Ľһ䳡ʱӭŮİۡ
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Ľǳ۾бһ漴Ҳһ㣬ףƵĽҲˡ
Ľһ羮ϣʱ飬Ҫˤڵء
Ľ΢Цʦ㣬ףʦ㣬һϰɣ
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ĽûŶ֣ʩչǽŲƣͥŲ
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߾΢ЦҰɣ㣡

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Ľܿнеȷʵһֱһѧ֪ʶศɲ
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ĽһĿڣǵ㵽Ϊֹû֣߾Ȩ֪һ̡
һһһһĽǼ򵥵һУѾĿʮˡ
ף˺󣬳ȴһֱһᣬĽʦòֺĬĬĻܣʱ׼һ
Ľ΢Цʦ˰ɣ
߾һ
ţץסĽһ˿ɵĻᣬȫĹһϡ
ĽȻһ㣬ʵнĵĽһ̳
˳ȥĽŤͷЦʦ㣬ʱ壬ǹϹģ
ҪôεĸףѾ𳤽ݹ
Ľһ£ҡҡͷֻܶද֣۾飬о
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ĽЦð
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Ľ΢Цҡͷڻˣ
ºηʥĽڣ첻ȴƽƽ̿ȥǺӿ
󣡡漴˿һݵƮƮ
߾üʦ壡


99 
ĽһߣٿݣʱһǸӣü԰ףȴ⻬üɫЩϣʱһ
ĽȻҵ֤˵Ѿü壬ȴΪعصȫڡ
Ľ⣬ߵѾǵǷ켫ˣҲʲôˣߵͣӦ߰ʮꡣ
ߵΪ񣬸ʤԼһﵽˮ׼ԼϣҪСӦԡ
СһŮѽߺٺЦһͣҵӸˣ
ʦ壡߾æʦҽͣȷʵԹõսˣ
ҡҡͷ̾ͽʱҾ͸˵ڵĵʲôϸǲںˣ֪ˣ
߾ʦ壬ʱΪ𣿡
ϻûĺһҲòôһڸˣܵøһɣ
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ͨڸƨƿҪָܻ书ҾͨڣȻĻ͸ҷ
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㶯ְɣ߳Ҹ㶯ȷʵе۸ˣû취˭أ
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ףȻû뵽Ľû谭
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¶ģҪĽˣһɳ죬Լʹֻ࣬ҪСӣҲûôˣ
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Ľ΢ЦˣǰҪ𣿡
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Ҹղʩչơ߰Ȼ֮ˣûԻ⣬ն١
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ڸ̨£óߵΪȴȲĽΪֲ̫Ϊ

Ľ֪֮˵ô࣬ʱ䣬컯ȷʵڶʱ޸ˡ
ûôĻҲʱˡ
ЦˣʱڷʱôˣСİɣΣҪˣ
߾̾ʦǺαأ
һСӣգ
Ľ˵ֱӰν̣һĹĽֻһϮƺˣ
ڳˣžܹЩһָֻ
УһһĽϣÿһƶ׼ȷҵĽĽ
ĽĽ죬߻Ƶģÿһƣ߱شһ
üͷȻʽһ䣬ƮĪ⣬Ľ״Ҳ֮һ䣬ٿһ˲ֱ
ߵ˵ѹĽһͷĽһ֣ʱ绢ƽʱֽȻͬ߾Ľѹסˣÿһơ
ƷˣĽƷΪƷ̫죬ͼֲס
ߣƺһƱٴδ̴һĳ
ҲܲסϳһһСζĽֻʣһ
һĨʱֹסѪȻ˹
Ľû˽һ˿ȥû뵽總֮ңһԱŶĽ׷
ĽԸ̾ȷ˾ǲһԼṦҲռ˱ˣ˵˲ƣȴ˸ǰʩչ
飡ڴĽ˫ཻ
ƣĽƣֻһɺƵӿ˹ˬȪ
漴תǿɢȪȪίʵ
ףֲýأһһཻ֧ţϾֻһͨ潣


99 ϱ
ףСһΪ˺һĽüƣ
ĽЦƣ
ԡü룬ôһζƣʲôƷ
ĽҴһϵķû֣ǰûðɣ
߻ͷеƵζƸ
Ľ΢Цһ书
ɽڵط߳һúãûһˣûʧֲϣ
Ľҡҡͷ̾ⱾһᣬֵҲôص֣ɱǰܶù
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СƱ˵ˣ߾һ֣ȥʦ
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ˡһһεڽϣŤҪĽ֡
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ǳصݺ󣬾ϢУʼƵʱΣܽѵ뾭飬оߵ书
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ףʦ⣡
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峿ʱ֣Ľ㻽Ū翪ʼԷŮûׯأȻ
ĽûʲôѹҲԹɽʮ·һΡľ޷塣
ɽڵɽߣɭɭǹʱҲ˾ǣȭһȴû˵
ĽŮ磬ڸ߾󣬽ƮƮܿǵ˷嶥һƬĹ㳡㳡Ρɡ
Ľ֪ԪڵɽţһȣԶסķӾͽȻͬ
ľݣԪȴǹڲʦͽˣּԪȴǽˣǸ֡
ʱ㳡ѾۼİˣվԲ̨ΧʮֱԲ̨ϰ˼̫ʦΣʱĸߡ
ĽǼԲ̨ԱߣĽɨһۣԲ̨ϵĸʶǸڵ
߾ƮԲ̨УȭЦʦãͦѽ
߾ʲôϵ
ǺǡԱһҡͷʦýϣɽˣһģ
θݣò񳣬һףһʹҲԵ䣬Ȳס
Ľλʥڶųʥڵһ
ʦ֣аɣ߾һ˼
׺ǺЦǰ˵⺢ӵĽʦóȫ
߾Լ˼ˡ
ðȹһȥɽϰݷãЦ
˵ʱЦһ
߾Ƴһۣʦܿǲ
ߣС˵־һЦһŤͷȥ
ҡͷЦʦãǼ񵽱ˣϲɺأ
ʦּˣ߾΢Ц
κС˸ɽ˵ܵţ
߾ҡҡͷЦһ¡
ٶ˵⻰ҲţĽ书̫ǿ˸ɽ޷õʲôеĹǶ

ĽŮվ棬ʱ˹֣ŮģĽм˵Χеȡ
޵ȴΣĽĿⶼżɵǵĸ첲ûʦ֡
ǺǡһЦĽŤͷȥ¶ЦݣȴԦڵĳҡڵĹ
߸һͷͻͷǰëγɵġ֣˵ڳĶ书ףûܡ
Ľ΢Цȭֵܣ
֣ǾΥˣЦһ飬ҷʦɽ£ûܻǶԲס
ĽЦֵܲؿͷ
ǺǣϲЦǾ͸ˣ
ĽЦŰڰ֣ûշͻǲˣ
ǺЦǺðɣС̣һͷС̸֣
ĽûƴǣҲϲһͷҲǲ
ɨһۣҡҡͷ̾Ȼģǲϰأһûҫģ̫Ȥˣ
ĽЦûֵܣֵ񲻿
ûɾǾûҡҡͷεĵҲ֪ô£
ĽЦҡͷûж˵
˵䣬̨һվĿһɨһ°
ĽƾˣƽʱºͣôһɭϺأѹ˶á
һȣҾͲ˵ˣÿڿѡӣַһȦǰʮɽФƺţ
ǣʦФһװƮ̨ɫȻĽӹḷ̌ϰһŰƴСԲƣдź룬һ׶ģһġһʮԲơ
ڵӿȣÿҪսڵӣȴڿʼûɣʦã
Ťͷ߾
߾ͷãʹǿʼɣǴʦ㣬գ
ǣʦӦһƮ̨ɨһˡ
Фɣ
ǣʦФӦһƮ̨ӱýģ˫⾼һơ
΢ЦФʦָ֣̣
Фһ˵ֱһȭνƮƮһ̣Фʱһ͡
ĽսФ֣ŮȽʱģ¹սȭһФȭ죬˳һ켫


102 ս
ФһæıУû뵽һԼȥΪ˱ֻܿǿбС
ԭƣչһȭˣֻٴһ͵һȭֵ
ͣĽƺƿգ˲ֵȭͷǰ
ФæıУһô꣬ԼȭԼš
űУȻȭϧǰȭһ޶˿ˣԼš
ָоΪŭһȭȻһ䣬ԭĸͱᣬȭͷƮƮģ˵ĸ
˿õͷղǶܿóĽѾסȭҪıֻܱȭ
һȭĽûҲûƣĽΪûרƵʽޱȣѹФ
ʦãʦֶĽо̾һ˿ûΪФǡ
߾΢ЦеǹУ벻ѡ
ǵҲǣͷ̾˿˵ʦǼ˱ϧԪڣ
һЦһƲƲ죺ߣĽģ˭Ԫʢ˥ûòӵģ
߾ƳһۣЦģҪҲڣõǿЦǲǣ
һЦ߾Ůˣʲôģ
߾Цһ£ҿûõˣԼҲûԼˣǲűأ
һ˵һʦ嶼£ҰҲӦûʲôˣ
߾ҡҡͷҲҪģ
οЦʦãһУͣһɣ쿴ֳʤˣ
һФӣФʵ䣬ȭһȻƮԲ̨
ףЦеĵһأȻƮԲ̨
Ľһ¾˹أһɵһɵȥÿһΣһ㣬ȻԼ

ףƵĶҲԪڵˣĽϵãǸòƽƽ꣬һۣƷףܡ
ף˷ܵƮյĽǰл÷
ĽҡͷЦףʦл
û˵ǵǽҲûôףƽЦʹأǿɴûôʹ
΢ЦͷҲʤûôɣһɵģԪڳФս಻ǡ
ĽղǸСһҲš
ףƲƲ죺ûǲǣ
ĽͷףʦҲˣ
ףƺߵҸܸоСһﻹмְأǲмһŮ˷ʤ
ĽͷпܣϧǺ£
һ۵磡
ĽЦðɺðɣҪҪСģҾйΣϢʱᱩѣ
ôʡ
ĽоΣյģǾ򵥣ǶСġ
ĽȺɨһۣ꾲վΧһĮģס

˵ƮƮ䵽̨ϣһƬë£Ϣ
֣˶ʱһ漴ˡǶһȺ۷䡣
ǰ㣬ʱݹˣ˲ֱӣ޲ɷ
Ľʦ㣬ˣ
ʲôͷʡ
ĽСһӦʲôյҪʧˣҪ߻ħ
šɫ΢䡣
ʥڵѧ죬Ļ߻ħħ֮ʥڵ̸֮ɫ䡣

ģһʵ
ĽͷӦôˣϵϢӿˣʱᱬԶһΪ
ǻСĵģͷ
ףƵСһﻹͦõģ÷ܾܲ
Ľüͷһ£¶΢ЦףʦҪ
Ц߯Ź֣ףûİһۣҿû˼Ǿ˲˿ϧ
÷зӾ
Ľһ£ףʦйɣԿ
ãףƺԥĵͷתȺܿ쵽ǰ˵˼䣬ͷһ
ףʦֱڿ죬ˡ
ĽͷЦףʦ㲻Ƕ˼ɣ
뵽ȥһۣ֮⡣
ĽæЦֻһ£ԾͰգˣ
ס죬ףƴЦӦ
Ľִһ꣬òƽƽӣ۾ֱӣ촽еȻǸ챿ģŵмҺ
Ľʦǰɣ
ڸղףƳƺʦܡ
ݼʦ֣걧ȭ
ĽҡͷʦܲضҲûʲôգֻܾһԣ
ʦֿҪ߻ħѾ˲ã΢ЦҲûʲôֻҪʦ߾ͲҪ
ĽͷЦΪħɣ
ǣħѹƣᷢݵͷ¶Цֻϧ޷һֱҲˣ
ĽʦŵùҵĻ
ݺԥ첲ĽϣƬ̣ͷķϧʢΣ߻ħٹһҲͲˡ
ʲôףʡ
ĽСͲཻˡ
ףôΣգ
ĽͷǹˣĻԪܿͻû
н֮ݲȡ
Ľַӡ
˵ݵ
ĽЦЦһǷȻйȥٷԪ
̾ҡҡͷ书졣
ĽһַӣйȥһȻʼķк
𣿡ףƳ᲻ˮˣ
ĽЦҪԼˣҪպһȣȻܹΪģĻȡʦܿҪԣ
ݳҪԵڶַӣ

ĽЦǺðɣй㲻ԭķһķ
áݳһ£Ȼ첲
ĽִϣƬ̺һ£ݵɫ΢԰һЩ
Ľ֣΢Цˣ
ʦǸĪ⣡̾һ䡣
СʦҲʤˡȻƮ䵽˱ߣڣЦʦôˣ
ݵʦ㣬ʦְæġ
ŶͷûʰʲôæЦʦҲϳˣԪڽ겻׼ô
ҡҡͷ̾Ҳû취ʦֺȻˣǶûʲô׼ԭΪʦФʦֵġ
ǵǡͷʦڵĻȷʵûʲô¶
ݿһĽЦʦһ·ʦ֣ǵļƻִֻܲ󡣡
Фʦִϣġ
ЦԭҾФʦϣģɿλʦ⽣еţ
Ǿͽ㼪΢Ц
ĽЦ˰հɣ
ȥɡͷ
ĽƮ̨΢Цȭ˶ʱˡۿ̨ϰҲɫһ࣬

ЦС磬һ顣
Ľȭ˵
ҿӭһ³սһսˣΣЦȻĻ̫˷ʱ䣬ǲǣ
ĽЦģ
ͷЦǺãţɣֻҪܴܺСģҽһŷ굤
죬굤Ǿľ֮ҩһŷ굤һĪջ
Ⱥһ꣬Լʮ꣬òȻ䵽Ľǰ󣬱ȭȻĪս
Ľͷգ
ĪսָĽҵĵ˰սֻ֮ɱˣҪСģ
ĽȻͷ˿û֮⣬ͷѣ꣬ʹҲԴ˷ġ
ͣһɫƥ˲䵽Ľǰ
Ľһָ˳ȥĽѽĪսǰ΢ЦˣĪʦܣ
Īսŵĵ֪Ľնʦĸ첲Ϊ飬ۼΪʵۼĽΪҲʲôս˼
ܴԼڵһѹùսΪʥڵһӣ
ټԼĵʮ㣬ֻһֱǰչʾˣʵһֱڿѣΪڴһˡ
룬ԼΪĵȻӲסһһʵһ
Ľ˽ҡҡͷĪʦܵΪǿգ
Īսһͷȥɫ԰ףŲģ˵ľһ±ɢˡ
ĽҡҡͷίʵϢޣûǿ͵־Ѿܴۣһ¾ܻʹԼҲгɾ͡
߾ƳһһУĵӣ
һɫ࣬һȴû˵ȷʵûʲô棬ؼʤܣؼ̬⡣
˾ͰˣȥúһسӾǣһܾ;絹ˣʴˣɲɡ
λʦʦãĽվ̨΢Ц

һƮ䵽̨ϣȴǸòƽƽ꣬һ䡣
Ľɨһۣ΢Цλʦܿǽڵӣ
ε֪۾ʵɼ
Ľ΢Цҹʦ˽Ӧǽͣдһʣ
Ȼмֱ£ͷлƣ
ĽлʦܣҲ˵ϻգ
лƻͷ֪ǺʦֵĶ֣ʵֽһ㾫ʦ֣롪
ĽЦãǾգ
˵ƮƮһ̣лȴɫ΢䣬صĶĽĽ⣬ֱ;͵һĽ
Ľ΢ЦҡͷһŤ󣬳γһ佣ײ˴ĳ
лһ֣Ľ΢Ц
ýл̾
Ľ΢Ц
лƺԥã
һνر仯ἲƮ·ƮǲĽĽײ仯⡣
ĽĽȴ׾򵥣һһʽ͸׾񲻻ὣСұȻ˵ĹŹ֡
ĽлƲͣı任
ɲô任ĽƮƮżޱȵһʽȥƵٴαС
ת۹һйȥĽҡͷлֵܣи𣿡
лǺǰɵȻ޴棬Ǻãٽӹʮ
Ľ¶Цݣúã
ءһХ˲仯Ϊһ⵽Ľǰޱȡ
ĽŤбһȥһĽһ֮塣
Ľܸо⴫ĺ⣬̾ý
лЩŭٸһ֣ΧսֻܿһƬãӰӡ
̾Ϣһͷں˰
ŤͷЦʦܣȥһӽܴѽ
Сӵмԡ΢Цǵ⣬漴ҡҡͷȸʦɲˣ
߾רעĶųУⱼʮʹҲ˰ɣ
СӵıʮȷʵмֻˡͷСβԶˣ
˶ҡҡͷ̾Ϣһ
ĽһֱܣȻһ̳лƵĽȻַ˳ȥһбˡ
ҰˣлҡҡͷЦ𳤽ʣȭлʦ֣
ĽЦлֵ覵Ļڣдһ½
ãлƻͷ
Ľһ´ǽûԼɣõɾɳлķڷ
£Ľ΢Цɨһˣλսң
ĬȻûȡġ


103 ɽ
ĽĿһһɨˣǻתͷȴûǰӦսģ֪ذ֮սαطҪȥˣ
Ǹڶĵӣĸģ˭Ҳ˭˭Ҳ붪
Ľ΢΢Цһ£Ťͷ
վûսģǴȵּд轻ѧ˸֣л᲻úһ£ʧ
Ȼȴһ
ҡͷǰˣСξΪһˣ
ĽȭЦлλȫ
ߵҲ¸ǵС¶ȥϢɡ
ǡĽЦӦһ߾һۡ
߾ڰ֣Ʈ̨صŮߡ
ףЦ÷أ
ĽЦףʦ
Цҡͷ÷Ľȷʵû˱ȵùϧڵ֪Ȥû
ߣǾӲǻƣףƲƲ졣
˸ʱƳôҲĽһС֣ʱٿˡ
Ľ̨֮󣬳ٴλԾԶ˵֮ӿһҵĴתݡ
Ľ۾ĹƣΪԶѷСǸڵѧһҶ֪ͨһˮ磬ͨЩ˵书ƲѧС
ЩӶܳĵӣ书øھ裬ΨһЩѧѿɿá
ĽͨǶ֣䲻ܾջķᣬѧհѧԽƲԽס
ڴѧЩŵĶѧƤëѾ󣬹ýζ
רע̾ףЦ÷ʲôɿģ
ĽҡͷЦбʦѧҲΪһЩʹһЩ潫ҲǶ֣
ѵ÷ġףЦ
ĽЦλʦ㣬ѧҲǶģˣ£
ѽͷûú

˵һһĴ򶷹ȥŮֱϳʤ٣ǽǰĽд裬ڽоһζֲ֪Լ;Զʤǰ
ÿһ򶷶ͬпҲһٶоͷֳʤн˶֡
˰ʱ֣û꣬űȣԻȥԷϢ
Ľ߾Ůһͬڣף˷ԣôȥĻҲϣ̤ǰʮ
ûԼܽǰʮȷʵûˣֻгܽǰʮȥɽΣûʲôջ
Թ˵ģԡž׵¹⡣
Ľߣ¶΢ЦΪ⼸һֱɱ޼ɵʹɱ֣ɷǿѹţ͵Ϣǡĥɷ
ףЦʦһ÷չ϶ʵˣǽأ
߾¶һ˿Ц⣬ͷ
ʦװݡ
š߾ףǲĵģһĻУ˸ɽһĪҪֿ
ǣʦͷ
ʦأףæ
㡪߾һۣҡҡͷ㲻ȥ
ףæʦҲܴǰʮģСʦãҲܽȥһܽȥĸأ
˵ſЦϲá
ĽЦҡͷ߾ߵ㾻£
ʦҪףʦȥɣСʦҲУȥΣû
߾ҡҡͷΪȥΣҪȥûʲôϣģ㵹ϣ
ףʦһСʦҲͷϣǿöࡣ
ôˡ߾ڰ֡
ףƲģʦҸСʦôȥѽ
߾ûĵͷռˣ˻Σ
ףƽЦ˭ûأ
߾ˮתһߣƶС첻ϳˣ
ǣʦͷ
νĽȥȥûʲô
ףε̾ûɵĴӦǣʦ
ףƣεҡͷףƵʦ㣬Ҫѽһ˱
ֻܿˣЦ
ףЦǿδأǵˣֱӶˣ
ʧЦҡҡͷ
йصģ˭õľ˭ģ׼˵ģĽ֮󣬰ҡͷѵʥڣаһǲ
أɽڸΪƽͣĽһִڷˡ
ɽڸʵΪ𣬹ǿʤ˴˴ѹʥȴȻ顣
Ҳɴ⡣߾һ£Сĵڵӡ
΢Цʦģ׵ġ
߾΢΢ͷȥоˣ²֮󻹲ɣ㲻ٽȥ
׵ġ
ףЦʦҲ⣬ò´
Ľʮ㣬һδһܽǰʮ
ЦãǾָ
߾ûĵһףƣ֮˭˵׼˵㲻Ŭֱ˼ˣ
ףЦʦİɣһŬģ÷æһܽǰʮ
Ը˰ɣ߾ҡҡͷúöĵ޿κΡ

ĽǰһƬɽ಻ֱһ̾ᣬһۿ߼ʡ
Ľۣ֮Կ⸡ɽȫ˵û֪⸡ɽ׶
ʥڵǰзɽİÿ꣬ɽῪһΣ˵ǰ
ÿοɽֻʱ䣬ʱһɽҲ
ɽѾнǧ꣬ʥںܶѧǴӴɽʥڵӶԴɽηǳ֮ɽ
Ϊɽ߲ɲ⣬ŴӴɽΪ˲η֮⣬֮
֮һ㣬ÿֻܽΣĴνˣʲôӶûá
һε赲ţ书ûãʥڵһֹҲƲε
ʱһɽеӶʱ׳ҲǷ˼иһԣֻʱһͰӳ
Ƕоɽûˣ֮׳Խη
Ľɽһֱǲ󷨣ڿԼ뷨ȷ
ﲢû󷨵ĺۼһȻ컯֮澡ԣֻܵȽȥٿˡ
÷ǽȥɡһֱߵš
һϮɫװ˼ˬӢˣĽƸɽʱĽûмŴߴ١
ʱڸɽԣ߲Զĵطǧбͱ˷ˣҪԶԽԶԽá
ʱԽ󣬵һʩչṦܵ˵Ե⼸֮ڡ
żȴûߴ٣ףڴˣˡ
ĽͷЦã߰ɡ
˻֣ʱǰһ䣬ããһƬ޾ĽƮǰҲһƬ
ۣ֮֮ȷʵããûб߼ʡ
Ľüо֣ԭˣ֮ȴƫƫҲԼղŵڡ
ȻˣüԽ档

ڸɽע͸˵ҰͣҰ޸׺֣ʵ൱ʥڵĶ֣ҪֵСģ
αбɱʥڵӣ˽飬һ飬õĻ
εľ飬ҵõķӣһڵĵӽɰ飬߹ϵõŵӽ飬һѡ
˺ϱڤڤεЩҲʶһ㣬ϵĻСһ˿ϣҲܱ֤ȫ׵õĻǶһˡ
Ұ̫ףһ˺ױɱҰǲһһȺʵˣһǲ˺ӵõǸо˦õݡ
书ǿĻЩ֧书һЩһЩᱻҰɣʬ޴档
еˣΪһ飬ÿνʮˣǡ÷ֳ顣
÷ǵÿһЩȻĻ϶
Ľͷ׵ģҪһЩˣʦ㣬Ҵһ̰ɡ
㡪ͷЦСʦ˵ṦǿǺðɣң
Ľ֣ԼСִȥĽֻ壬ĸоֱĵס
Ը̾һɫЦʦñ۾
ðеĻҾͱۡЦ
ĽЦЦһֻǰһΣʲôҲ壬ֻܿģ⣬ŤĹߡ
Ƭ̺ͷۻؿڷҪŻ¡
ʦ㣬۰ɡĽͽһĠתһȦæŻ⡣
εıۣԸ̾⾿ﵽʲô̶ȣŻ״û

۾ĽϢתˮ˵֪˯˹ȥ
ʦ㡣ĽʵæֻۣˬȪС
ŤͷܣŤ⣬де֣ҹɫˮһվת
Ȼǡ
ҹɫϣЪһЪĽЦ
˸ͷЦǶԶˣ
ĽЦǧɡ
̾ṦҪųɣ
ĽЦЦֻҪ·Ҫʲôط
ҡҡͷЦʲôҲûùûģʦ˵ϱȻܸӦõ
Ľ̾Ȼ棡
Ц棬ϧɣЩֻʦѡ
ĽЦһ˵ܳɡ
Ըˣ÷ĸˣ
ĽǺЦҵһ򲻴ʦİɣ
ðЦһζ֦÷ȥԣ
Ľͷá
ѿ֦£ȻƮ֡
Ľ֮۽Ұ̫ͣʹҲҪСģﲻ˽⣬ܴ⡣
Ƭ̺һѻɫȻһ䣬һʧԭأڳߡ
ΧʮֻСɵèèһĲͬų򣬿Щ죬ĮСʱ
ΣְϣһҶ
Ľس֣оϢʱһЦãǷֶֿ꣬СצϵĶ
Ľߣ
λΪһ̣ת۹ʧ
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ĽЦԽԶԽлñǲǣ
⵹١ͷɾ벻ؼġ
Ľͷ֪ؼһãȻҲ̶ȣʦİɣġ
ЦЦûзףڣһ䣬ͣ䲻ΪȻȴû˵
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ĽСľѾΣڵ꣬ڴһЩϸ΢ľݽɽסһСܿȫܹγ䣬ʱȴûô๦򣬽ǿտһ䡣
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ʩչ׵粻ͣĴ壬һ߽д׵ѱҲǿ
һ췥ëϴ裬Ѩ֮֮Զʤǰһ
Ǹڼﵽ˶壬иıˣ׵Ĵûˡ
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СһӴӰѹĽĽųƮƮˡ
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106 
Ľݽʦնԣ
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ĽЦʦŰɣȥЩԵġ
˼ȫڷɲϣֻڰ֣šһü˼ԭڣɲһ޳ɵģղĽ֪ΪԼƫƫ̤أԭڣ
һվʵڲĽ
ĽصУ翸һһֵĿἸֻӣɲ
һ£մʯۣ͸żǱ
ĽѶ£Ū֦֦ҶĽһĵطҵģû꣬մ˳ҪһգȻŨ̹Ǻˡ
ĽŪһѻһѻЦеĵʦ㣬ɡ
áڰ֣ĲŲӣһΣæͣסٲȥ
ĽЦʦ㣬ǰǾ߲ھŲҲоϵģӲ
÷ָһҰɣЦ̫ˡ
ĽҡͷϰԼ̫ˣ
̫ҡͷԹˣҲûá
ĽЦȣҪԺŲÿһĹԺҪŲ
˼

Ľһտŷݣһ߿ҡҡڰڵɲʱҡͷʧЦɲûôɡ
ι߲ȴûз˼Ľڣʦ㣬ЪһЪɣǿõģ˵˯һϣܳˣ
̾һ̫ˣ
ĽЦʦ㣬˵ʵɲȷʵ
һͳˣ
ĽҡҡͷЦʦ㣬һ书ûôףɲͬǶĳ˵һŲʮʮ
ѽȻͷ
ĽЦɲİؼŲٶȴ뵽ʮ˲ٶȸ죬ǰʮ˲
ҾŲҲ벻ҡҡͷ
Ľһ
̾
Ľտݹȥӹ󣬴¹ƤһЩȥȻܿ죬Ƶðͣ䵽˻˻죬ɢŨ
ĽЦľֻ޷ԴÿԼ
ţһúһġͷ
ĽЦеĵ꣬룬ҵģɲѧϧˡ
ǰ̾
룬˶ʱȻ٣ɱԷһֲǿɲܲѧ
ɲ䲻ˮȴǿʹҲöԷС
˳Թ󣬸ԴϢ¸ͣ
ڶ峿ʱ֣ǳ˶Ѿͣˡ
һѾͿʼɲʮΣÿζǷǽڣˤˡ
ĽȻЦã߳Ĳˣ
Цϲ͸üңȻ顱һµأ˫ּʱǰţһ¾ͳ˹ࡣ

ĽЦҡͷЦƣˣ
ѵľǵţ༸һЩȴûڶѡ
Ľվһܣʦ㣬ҪҪǰ߿
˰ɡͣ²ӣǵѾˣ
û뵽ôջ˵ûڹķɲҲѵãһѩƹ
ĽЦ˵ջأ
̫̰ˣЦҡҡͷЩˣ÷򣬻ȥ˵ѩƹ¡
ĽЦŵͷ׵ģ˵ͽ˼ɺޣ
÷Ȼ˼Ц
˵ŻɽµĿʪ£о
ʦ㣬ǽ߰ɣĽվڶڣ̵֣Ųίʵϧ
÷ɲ
Ľҡͷȥˣɽʱεȱ˷ɲˣ
Ǻðɣεͷ
ƮϣĽ뿴ɽûоͷʲôأΪһƮԶ
ʣµһ죬û˺ϲҰޣƾṦֱ˦Ҳûʲôջ
˰Ϧ£ĽֻһεסԼȻԼ׳ȥ
ųһ׳ȥǰָʱĽǰ龰죬漴Ǹɽǰ
ǳˣĽŤͷЦ
ͷˣôǣ
ĽţڻζղָоԼʩչ˲Ʋ࣬ƿռ䣬⸡ɽʲôأ
顭һУȻ˴ӿеϣǱ£ּѵ
Ǻܿ쿴ĽʱվΧˣŵۡ


107 ع
Ľ΢ЦˣΣɨÿһˣ˸˶ˣû
־Ǵң¶Цݡ
ʦ㣬ǿջ񣿡һŮʵ
Ľ¶ЦݣŮŽӵģ񲻿һȴǸڵϯӽϪ¡
Цŵͷʦãá
ŶʲôϪһЦοʲôûõһֱ߲꣬˼Զ
ЦָһĽ䣺ô
Ϫ䵽Ľ䡣
ĽǺЦһνʣʱһѩ֣˾̾һôԶܸо⣬һ㱦
Цǵõıʦһ񣿡
Ϫҡͷ̾ڵã˵Ϊй¶֮ˡ
ŤͷˣҲҡҡͷΪͻأĴ꣬ǲܸϵ̫Զû
Цԭÿûţֻһѱڿǵõඡ
ɲϪĽĵô꣬ʦҲҸ·
ˣҡͷЦǲ״
šϪǺ
ֻһನûǣ㹻ұܿ˰ɣ
ָָĽӣ÷ڻûָء
ŷ֣ĽڣΪﶼͦǱģû̫⣬ڱһָƳ
Ľʣ˼ЦЦеñʧҵⱦǵۺˣ
Ϫ콿Ц
Ľ˳صһˣȴѬΣЦ
֮󣬴ûð·ɣ
Ϫµʦ㣬Ǻò׽ȥһΣͣס̫Ƕ߲죬ƻǰһεһ·ܵõöʦֵṦһõģ
ţǵ٣÷ṦߡףܵñȷʵṦ⽣ˡ
ʦ㻹أϪЦ

ʥйأӸɽı⣬඼Уһ飬˶ҪƽֵģֱӰѱȷʵ󷽣ѽһ֪ǷǼıãȴ˵͸ˣǴ󷽣
һȫ÷ĹֻͣǿֵģӦ÷С
ʦ̫ˡĽЦҡҡͷ
Ϫºһۣʦ㣬ʦ㣬ǿɲǵҫˣ
˵תߣȵʧˣҲȭʧ뿪
һεĻᣬȴһˣ칫л𷢲ֿĽǵջ񣬸Ľ
еĴֻ˱ûţͺãһſǴ鷳
ɽһţԸıһڵĵλĽѾʵٵŵĻ绢Ҫˣ
֮ĹϵܸӣŽһ£ǣ룬УΪ˶ϡ
ǱзĻᣬǵľ裬һǿĻ˵
ʥԴޣ˴˾εĻᣬҪģûڣһ
˵ʥڵʵǴӲɣʹûڣµһ˿ɱȵġ
һһʧЦһ
Ľ÷Թ˵ˣ
ĽЦ֮ĲУ֮Ĳ
ǣһ̾һֱģȻ˺ö»˵ǣʲô¡
ʦԶĽͷҲ㣬ǿȥɣʦһȼˣ
ЦбһۣСʦҲȼ˰ɣ
Ľһ±ӣǺЦû
ðɣǻȥߵ

˻صʱȻŮ䳡ϣЩĲɵԡϦͣ϶
˳֣Ůʱͣ¶ŤͷĿֱֱɹĽ΢ЦЦЦֶףЦһ¡
ƲסԼһ֮Ľʱһ£磬
Ц÷һ£
ʧɫףҲԾĵɴֱֱĽ汻ˣ
Ľ¶ΣЦŵͷбĽһۡ
ף̾Ϣһҡͷ˶ĻˣǵŭԹ
ĽЦףʦ㣡
ףЦǸʦһɣôҪ㣬ʦأ
ĽʧЦΪһЩǵ켵˰ɣ
ɫЩ԰ףף߾ҡͷʧЦĽģźȤ
һ뵽Ľıһᣬ뵽ûļ£Գܡ
Щ𣬱ЦСʦ÷İɣ÷Ҫû˵ġ
ĽĽЦηøΪһأҲĳȫɣ
Ҫתע⣬Цұ÷һ·Ȼһѣ׾ˣ÷о֮񣬵񣡡
߾֮һ£ǻԶţС㣬ȻҲԼԼ
ʦ̫Σˣɫ԰ף
ĽЦ򣺡ҵûôģ
׼˵ˣæ
ĽЦŵͷĽʣ
νʣʱǶܸоɭɭĺƤףʵһ㡣
ýŮ̾

Ľѽݸ߾ʦܿ⽣ô
߾ӹתϸƣָĨֵ֣ӳѩ
һ̧ͷҡҡû˵˽磬֮Ч
ĽЦȷʵˣ
һ۳Ůɣ档
߾ڰֵõģŰɣķķһص߻ħģ
šĽ
Ϊ֮ˣһֱû̽ǵķֻԵȷʵѵõľķҲ֪ķ·ߣȴûʡ
ʦ˵ɡ
߾ͷҲˣ֪Ҳ޷й¶ȥɡ
Ľæǻˣ֪ڵķ죬ϧ߻ħ֮򡣡
ĲԭķʦӸɽˮǰûȱ㡣
߾̾ҡͷû߻ħΣˣϧҲûô죬ȼֽŻһЩ
ɬûлϲ֮ݡ
Ľͷԭˣ
߾̾ϢһҪǵûķĻܲ䵽ز
ʦҲΪǺãæҪǲķ߻ħأ
Ҳδء߾ҡͷ˵ãڵΪ߳һأӲٱ
ķûʥԭķ٣һأи߾ţԵ㡣
Цǵһ򲻺ã÷ãοմ˴⣬ߣǽȥ˵
Ŷ˫۷Ź⣬Ů棬æһ˴

Сóһʯͷϻӣף̲סеʦ㣬ʲôѽ
Цѩƹ˵𣿡
ѩƹŮţҡͷ߾üеӡ룬ıϿ
ü룬漴ƮƮתߵܣܿһ飬ɿķͣһҳϣҵˣ
ѩƹ֮ëϴ裬̥ǣ˷ʳһöٰ꣬ٲճפ
õѩƹһ°ϣתصǰϵʯϻ
ʦüԣǲǰɣЦʯϻ
ʱƮǱǿףף̽ͷȥ㣡ʦǲǣ
Ӧˡ߾һöѩ׾Өһѩ˿˿ֱУëˬһ֡
ʦҸ÷򶼳Թˣﾡ˰ɣȻҩʧ
Ȼѩƹ߾̾һͷǻǺƶС㣬һһţ˰գ
ǾͲඣףЦһöݸ㣺÷ȻǺ֮ˣ
ĽЦЦ߾һöֱӳˣʣµĸɣ
ĽЦҾȴ֮ˡ
㱡ĵһĽ֪ǹź֪أᣬԲʱ̣ɨˣû˵
ǿ㡣߾Цŵһֱѣһ͵ⱦ
߾˵ʹˣֻҪŮˣճפԶûеֿһöѩƹԶʤ
ĽЦʦ㣬һ˵˰ɡ
Цðɣʦǻһţ
ţ߾
ӻͳ˹ȥ
ɲ߾ӹϸü
÷ˣһˣ
Ŷ߾Ľ
ĽЦⲽż򵥣ʵúܡ
ţɽĲˡ߾ͷû뵽һջ֮Ϊ˴꣬ǲջˡ
ҲˣĽһ
߾ҡͷ浹ûꡣ
ĽԽ⸡ɽ죬Գһ磬лᵹҪٿϧʥڵɽһ˿á
Ŵ꣬÷Ҫ·ҿ꣬ǲҪһɽϢһ޴ߣ÷ɱ֮ѩƹţ÷ı
ߣףƶʱ˷ܵʡ
ûĵ֣Ҫˣ׼ܰˣ
ףƵôɱˣ
÷ɱ۾Ȼߴ磬ﻹƤأǹ룬ײ
Ľİˣݸ㡣
򿪺һž޴Ƥףƺԥİν̣顱һ죬ⱻסˡ
ѽȻǹأף̾˽
ʦɼףʡ
߾һۣ룺߰˼û⡣
һһףЦʲô
߾ҡͷ⻤ãϾô׼ҪԴ
ףͷЦҾ˵˵ˣ
߾ջСˣ
ĽЦû뵽ɽô౦סģ´δջˡ
ҲδûС߾΢ЦҲȥЪŰɣҿû䡣
ĽЦŵͷʹ˸ɫͷĽһ뿪ˡ
ߵģŮҡҡͷ
Ľݺ󣬰§һ죬Ľоˡ
һղǱ׻һ£ĽΪԼҪˣԽϧ
һ̣Ůǣ޲ϻȥϧûõħ
һ֮󣬸аļıħ֮ԼΪһ֪ϣ˭ʤ˭
ҪҸ̽һ£ܵõħĻϽȥ˳˵˳Լȫ޼ˡ
ڶ죬뿪ڣȻѹҶѩƹ£Ȼȥ˾ݳǣһöѩƹ
ɽڣҪƣɽͨʱȴŵĵ£
Ϧ£ȾɽĽüӣôˣ
ӣ˳ҡҡͷǲ˵ġ
ѵʲôˣĽ
ֻҡͷĲ˵


108 
Ľ̤ǰһҪȥæǰһվסӣ
Ľüǲȥ
Ϊѵĵӣ㲻ȥ
̽һɣĽ
ҡͷӣǷͷ㲻ܽȥġ
˭µĽЦ
˶ҡͷֻǸȻĵڵǰĽͨ
Ľǹµ
ҡͷ̾ӣʵڶԲסǲֻܷ£ǰȥˣҪԲ˶ߵģ
ĽЦҡͷ˼ðգȥͨһҪһ
ʦ㲻ġҡͷ
ĽǱӲˣ
˵ӣȰ㻹ǱôֵúѿʦҲΪѵģ
Ľüǲʹ죬ǲӺɷģô˵ˣ
治˵ġ˿Цһ£εҡҡͷ
Ľһ㲻˵Ҳµõ˰ɣ˭˵
ɫ΢䣬ֻҡͷȴ϶˵һˡ
Ľʩչͨ˵뷨ǰĽüµ֣ɽڵĲ࣬ٺ󣿣
ٴαɫһ㿴ȴ죬һԣ¾֣һʦŵ˿ˣΪйأǾ鷳ˣ
Ľߵٺˣ
ӻذɣ˼ǿ
֪Ľľ书Ͷְ˸ܣɽǰƣһϣ鷳
Ľͷȥͨһ˵ˣ
ӣ治ͨģΪѵĵ˵ˣԺûӹˣ
Ľֻܵˣ
ǾֻܵˣεĵƵĽؿڣɱ⣬档
Ľ֪ǵ˼Լ
ҡҡͷ˫Ʒֱĳ˶ʱ˳ȥ䵽ϺԹȥûʲô࣬һѡ

ĽٲƮɽߣһͷڵӡ
һ·ͨ裬ɽûڸڣǼĽ΢ЦͷΪѺá
ĽɽҲǷ䵱Ӯõϴ赤ԥƣνǧԲѲ硣
ǿĽƮɽΪеģûΪѣĽͨĵǰ
Ľһ·ţ洫
Ľüͷƿţһ̤Ũҵҩζԭ㱻̱ҩζ档
˭ѽɳƶ洫
Ľһ̤ȥǰϣɫ԰ף޹⡣
ԭһҲȥ˹ͦıӣһ͸һɳˡ
ĽԾĵ磿
ĽǰסţϢܿתһȦüͷô˵ôأ
˺ҩֹƶ񻯣ԭ˺أλʧ
ȻǶԷøӲģնҪȡģһŭȻѶֹ
ɱůһ½˼ȡ
磬Ҫġæ
Ľһô֪ͨң
ЦЦ磬治Ҫġ
Ľôص˶֪һ˭ɵģ
ٺĸ֡ҡҡͷҴˣû뵽ٺôգֶô
ĽüٺһҿƣԷҪ߳ܶ࣬ٺ֣
ԴƷϴ赤ܿ죬ٺĸ䲻٣ģһĸ֡
ҲϵáҡͷǸͷ
ʱֻһˣĽüʡ
ƵĪʦ֣˱һء
ĽҪ˰ɣ
ŵ鵤ƵͷȻĻûˡ
Ľü

ƷȻ˫ưȥʼˣҩָƣûһ¹
ûеֿϥˣ˿ʼ˹Լһʱһ˴Ҵҹͣ⡣
ĽͷڣҲˣһŮƿţ˵ʱ˳ȥ
⣬˰ڰ֣ԶˣŵʦأǱţ
һеӳʦ㣬ӲɽûǷɽڵϺڣ
Сӣǵ˼һ֪ŮЦһڰֵɣˣ
εĿֿƵӣ뿪ˡ
ҹɫӿ¸Ľȴû˯ȥˣŮһ棬ֱ۱Ž
ֱʱŮû뿪ȴһֱĿڣĽѾһҹˣûж
֪û˹һҹģӹȻ
ʦãɡƵƴ
ŮƮݣϿԼ˫۾ݹ·һˡ
Ůϲʦ㣬
ͷˣʦãл
Ůֵİڰ֣ʦ̫ʲôлģҸ
̫ˣҪЪһЪ΢Ц齣Ůһӣվ˵

һҹĹӾκʦŮϸĴɻĵ
΢Цͷۻ
ǡŮҡͷ̾ʦǺø
ЦʦҸиģ
Ůҡҡͷģмѽҿֻһʦˣ
üЦȴһ䣺СѾͷܺ˵
Ůĵʦ㣬˵˵ɣǵôϵģôݽģ
СѾͷ˵ʲôѽưһ۵ֻ˵Եɺϣ˵İţ㽫ˣ
ǱҵˣŮε̾ҲһӢأ
ѽҡͷôĻҵģҪԼĸо¹ġ
ðɡŮͷҲ֪ǿ󲻵ãЩԼģ޵ϲѽ
ͷͬУԼˣȷʵ
˵˵Ľһ
ʦ㣬չ˰ɣŮæ
ƵͷŽݣĽ۾˫۾âܿƽ档
磡ŮȭЦû뵽һҹκʦ㣡
Ľ΢Цεĵҵʦ⾲ˡ
ĽЦʧˡ
᲻ᣡ⾲æ֣Ц磬õʲôᣬôô
֪ɽڿûôķܽôصһκãֱء
Ľ΢ЦԲס
ѽ⾲ͷѵ˵һҲɣ
Ľҡͷ⾲εĵǺðɣ磬ҿǰһæˣ˾סأ
ĽüЦһ¡
⾲˵֪СӵĹպʰģ
Ľ΢ЦǾͶлˣ
¹Ľˣ̫ͽҾ˰ɡ⾲Ц
ĽòŮЦŵͷðɣǾˣˣ
ϣ⾲ĸʵظ׼ȥ鷳
ĽǺЦͷ

ЩҲͦͷۣΪɽڵӣ̫ˣɮ濴棬Ȼϲÿ
ʵ̫һ֪ҪԼ鷳Ƥҩһ鷳
⾲˳ĻòȻΪѣܳһ
ˣʲô򣿡Ľ΢Ц齡
⾲˵ǽ
ĽüͷһЦǺõúܣҲдΣ
ðð⾲˱ѩģ֪ܲĽͶұҪָԼġ
֪ĽһܾɽڵӣܵУָܵ㣬Լʦָǿöࡣ
磬ҪҪЪһЪƵĵĿ
ĽҡͷЦһ½Ǹã߰ɣ
⾲˳ɵĿ治Ҫ𣿡Ҫɣ
ĽգҵҪƾĽΣ
ð⾲˽ЦһһֱרעڽҲʦãȭŹҲ磬۽ҿɲ
ʹţɣûĵ
⾲Цʦ㣬˵ʤҵĽ
бһۣҲ߯СҪȱһȣ
ð⾲˲ĵȾͱȣ˸պãܶ𣿡
ûҲʤ㣡ƺߵ
úãǾȱȣ⾲˽ЦҵҪһʦĽ
ĽЦеĿŮݣȻʽһš
ó⾲˽ȷʵмֻ򣬲ѷһȴȦѥɦ
ƽ˲٣ϴ赤ȷʵףֳһʱ䣬̥֮
⾲ҲһǰĽ֪ƺͻȻˣһأһ


109 ڼ
ת۹ȥУƺȻЦСˣ
⾲˳ַĽ
ĽֽסЦȷʵ
⾲˺˳˼Ĺʣû뵽ʦĽôˣ
ĽЦ˽ڽ츳ס
⾲˵ұʦԶˣ
ĽҡͷЦܱȵģǷϴ赤ģ㿴ʦֵ书֪ˡ
⾲ͷЦʦ㽣ȷʵ̾磡
һֱܰ˼̳ڸղŵıУһһʽĵʧõǷǡ֣ϴ赤󣬲龻ͷҲ֣鶯
ѹ⾲⻰΢Цѵʦû䣡
⾲˺ʦ㡪
ЦǻҪдô
Ȼඣ⾲˺ԥĵһĽ
ֻԶԶĽķˣ޵УˣܼʱлŹ
ЦһҡҡͷʦĸĿһУƽʱ˭ҲûǶԼҲûôΪ츳ȺЦͬӣΪΪ㣬٭Ľ֮Уǲ޵ġ
ڿǲأ뵽ŤͷһĽ
ĽЦðдаɣ
ϣ⾲˷ܵĵͷνֱ̹ͬʱ߳
ĽЦһܹ⣬漴佣һѾ⾲˺ǰ
ջؽʦãˡ
⾲˽죬㣬
ĽЦã
⾲ѧ˹ԣóȻǰĽתԽԽ죬ĽߣԾƶ
⾲תʮȦԽԽ죬ΪһӰӣĽûεĽ߳
Ľһĳֱٶ磬ҲΪ¶̫죬̫

Ľ΢Цսʦãְˣ
⾲˽죬ǺĽһģ֪ǸʤǿģЦ
ã⾲˺޺޵
һѧ˹ԣ֪Ľǰ콣ûãǻ̳һ
ȴǿ˵ľȫһС
Ľ΢һ۾ƾһܿ⾲ǵˣʵѵã
֮⣬ЦŻ̳һ꣬Ҫײ֮ʣ⾲һ󣬡ˡƽĽϰѨ
Ľ΢Ц⻯Ϊһ㺮Ǵ˲ǰ΢Цʦãְˣ
⾲˻ʣȻȻý
Ľ΢Цʦã˵ʵ㽣Ѿˣϧȱһϡ
ϣ⾲˹˲æɴ۾
ڽϼ츳ҲԽϲйأԽǳԲѣһͷʳ
ĽЦЦ˵ˡ
⾲èӣæǰЦ磬˵˵΢˵䣬ô
ĽǺЦ
⾲æȥѵǣһ仨ˮٲʹòã
ĽǺЦⲻðɡ
⾲ҧţȴļЦǾҶ㲻֮ͬϣģ
硪ĸ˵ʦñƳûĵ
ĽЦðɣˣҾʹнɣ
ðð⾲˶ʱ˫۷Ź⣬üЦ
ĽĽͶأЩһֱڻֵϸĦջ񼫴һֱһҪ̣һֱڹעơ
һĽˣæܹˣҲ߲ݵվһҹһֶΪ˽
һĽҪԼУϲ콵ϲҪըˡ

Ľ΢Ц飬ܼס٣
ã⾲æͷâʵʣΨ©κһ΢Ķ
Ľνʣʽʽ򵥵úܣĻơ
⾲۾һգգĶſн򵥶ӣȫע侫ס
Ľúʽ򵥵úܣһֱӿʼڶ飬Ȼǵ飬ת۹顣
Ľս΢Ц
⾲һЦ磬Ū˼Сɲص
ĽЦҡҡͷƣ㽣츳ȭŹɡ
ưһۣ⻰̫
ĽЦʽż򵥣ȴǻΪѤùƽʦá
ƺһʦþǸգʲôģʹǼ򵥵
Ľüͷһ£Ŷ
ʲô⣿ƺߵ
Ľܲ˼Ұ£ʾһлɣ
ҪԸʦǣƵ
ĽͷǵԽԽ󣬵Σ
Ƶƽ˳˵ģǴһЩûʲôģ¸һƽϾˣ
ĽҡҡͷЦǼƽϣͳ֣εǿ޵ˡ
Ц˲С˹¸һƽϣ
Ľö֣ʦôͰա
⻹һûĵʦָݣҲûûصģһֳôİ
ĽЦϾͬţ̫ݵģ꣬Ǳ´ˣ߰ɡ
ƿһ۱۾ֽᶯ⾲ˣͷ

ʲôѽƺĿĽϵѩƹɻĴӺδ
Ľ΢Цҡͷôˣ
˵ʲôƺߵ
ĽЦѲɻҶ㣿
硪
Ľǻˣ
εĽӹѩƹһҧһ֮ϻΪһ˶Ȼ񶼱γ
Ľ΢Ц£ͷιҾǿô֮˵
Ҫʲôʡ
ĽЦЦ뿴һ˭ıӵˣ㣡
ɣæҡͷ
ͷΪߵÿ£ʵڲĽȥ˵ĽΪںɲ⣬Ҳδ϶Ķ֡
ĽܶԸ
ȻưȻʦҲвסʦǣ
Ľһ΢ЦЩʦǶ˰ɣ
ţѾȥˣͷЦ˵Ѿˣɱ϶
ĽЦǺãȻˣҾ͵ȵȿҪʦûٶ֣
ôĿЦһҡͷʦǶɱɱˣ
ĽЦҲ߯СΪȲδɱ
˴ĽˣЦ
Ȼһһ£æ磬ȥһ£
Ľ֪ѩƹˣڰ֣ȥɡ
һ̶뿪Ľݣ⾲ߣ⾲Ѿڿʽڻн
ĽЦ磬Ǻý
ĽЦеҺŪ㣿
Ľҿû⾲üЦ
ĽգʶнԽԽǿģܼ
š⾲ͷ

ѩƹӰ죬һֱûͣѩƹģëϴ裬˵ϴ赤ϾǺ֮ѩƹ֮ǲһЩ
ѩƹ֣ٴǵ壬ë˿˿ںںʼ췴
Ϊ˲ĽǰʧƽһСԺרŸ;סġ
һ¹죬ҹɫĽһʧһ̳
էһĽϴۣ֮ʱоϢ𵱳ĺƵɽϢ΢ࡣ
Ľ漴ײϢˣԼǿˣԹѩƹپ׻֮ΪǾΪǱͬն
΢΢һЦٴʩչϢĹȫһľͷΧڳһ壬ѷֱ˴ˡ
û׻֮ǰĽ񲻹ǿᣬӱܲߵĸӦͬˣٸоϢ
ĽվһûŶΧȫںϣһʱ֮һڣһǰ
ǰһվһӣ·Ϊһ壬Ƭ̺һʧ
صϣĽϥţ˼
Ҫһ̲סţǱȻߣҪ֮ʺȻĪĸӦ֪ףԲŶȻ֡
ϱʲôأϢҲûãһţϻиӦݾߣȥûôˡ
ĽɣϵſҲˣǲܲ˴
Ľ⣬ԼĻ뱣ţһ׵ķҲһ
ĽҡҡͷЦ̾˿õʮտûôװ˵Ҫˡ

ڶ죬ĽƸǡ
Ҳû֪Ṧ׿
ٱ֮ʣĽſڣ޲һֱɽԼ
죬˵Ľ΢Ц˱ƣֲǼˣ㡣
Ƶ磬Ѿ鵽ˣѩƹǲǣ
ĽЦŵͷǴţмʶ㣬ϵģ
ģƺʡ
Ľҡҡͷͱˡ
磬ѩƹ̫ˡ̾˿εҡҡͷ治֪α
ĽҲǸ˳ԵģھΣ
ΪһأƵ
ĽͷһЩ뷢ЧһҪˣԽǿԽܴ߷ҩЧ
׵ġͷ磬ҡ
ĽЦŴӦãҹ͹һˣ
ƵһβˣҺܺûʱʦֻʦڡ
ĽͷЦЦƣİɣҲɽεġ
̾ͷȴû˵
ǴŮˣĽ֪֪ĸɽһеģʹҪͽҲ踺أɽڡ
Ҳŵ֪Ľı£Եʱˣ֮ΣҲû塣
Ľ磬İɱƣΪѵģ
Ըõ̾
ĽЦЦ֪˵棬ɽڲĻۺݣΪѡ
ɽڱϾûɱѹˣǿѹ֮⣬ԲǲɽĳޣֻʹʹҲûɱˡ
˵򣬺ȻƮƮһˣԶԶؽе֣룡
ĽŤͷһƣЦЦ֣һС
Ͳ֪ˣɽҲұҴҶȥǺЦ
Ľҡͷ˳ơ
İɣʦø󣬾µġǺЦ
ĽΪȻҡҡͷԽɣԽΣգзţһ治ģ
ʦóԹϴ赤ΪǣʲôΣգЦ
Ľûĵһأ
Ǻǣһ⣬˭뵽ٺ޳ܣæֵһˣʦѾȥɱˣ
Ľһ˼ҼȻɳ£ѵһû
ǷҲûãǺЦɣƺðɣң£أ
ĽһƣƵټõġ
ĽͷǺãȻˣǾͼɣ
Ц롪
ƮƮɽܿһǰĽһֱɻţɽڣɽڵȴûмԼ˼ԵúأصҪһĿ


110 
ǰվĸӣװӣٿŲۣȴӢˣԳ׵Ϊ
ĽһˣɽȷʵףŵĸӣһٮٮߣŵжǸ֡
ǣһƣƵʦܣ𣿡
ǣʦ㣬ءߴͷЦʦҪ𣿡
Ƶȥͨһɣۺˡ
ǡߴɨһĽĿģܲѺá
ĽЦƣɹˣһһʻţˣ
ЦһʶԵһ
ĽΪһί
ĽͿʦõˣֵܣһûʲôжɣѹ
ҡͷЦһͦеģѹ飬ԶԶģҲҲˡ
ĽЦǾô֣ˣ
Ҳûʲô£Żһ¾ˡЦʶȤҲ̫
ĽǺЦҡͷ治ɽڵ磡
֣ɽҲˣǿʵ»صģֻﶼԶﴫɽڶԵƵģЦҲӡ󡣡
Ľǰ׵ġ
ӣ룡ߴȭ
ĽףǺãǽȥɡ
ߴǸȻƣʦ㣬ֻӽȥ
üһ۴ͷ磬С˵
׵ģĽڰ֣Цſ˴
һ̤ĽһɺƵһɽѹʵʡ
Ľüͷһбһʱжȥ˺ƵԦ֮Ƿ켫һ׻һ¥Ķ⵽ﵽĵز

һˣݶòƽƽ۾淢ףɳ۵۴һȻơ
ţĽȥмš
Ľȭ΢Ц÷ۺ
֪ǰλɽڵˣǺպĴ֣ų޵С
ģ治Ƕ֣Σ˵ǽ֣мֿţǻ轣
΢Цվ֣ӣʧԶӭˣɡ
ĽɨһܣĿߵϣ滭ɽˮţŵȴΪˡ
Цû뵽־ţΪǾžޣ
ĽҡҡͷˣΪߣȴ㲻ö⣬λǰԶţ
ӺαؿҡͷЦܷλΪȷʵһ㣬
ĽЦл֪٣кҪ£
΢Цһɽϣչأδܼһ棬˵ˣֻܴˡ
Ľ΢Ц²һ鷲ӣкοɿ
ӿɹղǵ֮ǺЦѾͷ֪ʦһƢ۸ڶӲͬ˿ģҸʦһֱһɾû뵽㣬֮ϣ
ĽҵɣżȻϣ˳ְæռ˴ˣ˲ʵ䲻
ǾġǺЦӢ۾˵ò׶Ů˷ĵģ
Ľ΢ЦͷȢǱƿûôˣ
Ľüͷһ£ЦΪʱɣ
ˣڰֵǵֵ÷зСһǸķƽ޲Ҫɱ㣬ҿΪŵİǻ°˰ɣ
ʲô£Ľɻף
ǣæͷǺЦҪģ磬Ҳôģһ쵽˼룬
ĽĬȻڳ

ô㲻ףüʱһѹһֻͻ˹
ĽȻһ֮ΪĻ£Ҿǿ
˺־ᶨ־ǿʹ·βҲᶯҡҡ
ĽǲףҾʱ죬䣬Ҫ˳ȻĻ̫˷ɼ
ڻ䣿ɴ۾˵ӣѲɻ֣
Ľһദ治ʵĻ
֣һʱһ͡
ĽҡͷŮ֮˵ģһףǾˣ
øСӣţЦݣദȴûףôĵӣ
ĽЦˣǵȻҪףܼҪһӵġ
ڰֵǲҪһƣѾͷ㣬ûûݵģʲôʱǸͷ
Ľ˼ʱΪã
ҿһºɣ
ĽЦҡͷ̫ܡ
ʱһôܣ
Ľһ²鲻İɣҾḺƵģ˵£Լɣ
ףôĵӣɴ۾һҰ
Ľ΢Цǽ֮ˣû£֮У
ҿԼ书ã޿ְɣߵ
ĽЦҡҡͷˡ
Ŀ磬ܴ͸ĵһ㣬һƵĵӣȢƣôӦһ
Ľͷ˵
ȢƵĻҪɽڣ
Ľüɽڣ
ô㲻Ը⣿ֳ

ĽεҡͷɽҰ֮ˣƽң˵ģʵܲһ˹ڣΥڹ棬˰ɣ
ߣɽڣǱȢƣûʲôģ
ĽüѲеĵӼˣŵӣ
뻺ͷΨмţʲô£
Ľһ¾˼һΪӦԵ˵İ㣬ǴӼ֡
ɷ޲ӲФӵܺѹɽڵʡ£ֱӸ׳нȫɽڵӣڹԼ֮
Ľüأ
ͲȢƣ
ĽЦһ£ȢƵĻɽҪɱңǲǣ
㸺˱ƣ㣿뵭
ĽǺЦҡͷȻɽڣ
ӣˣЦЦ治׼ɽڣ
ĽЦⲻһС£룡
ӣΪǿɶľѳ֣ǿϾֻһˣ˹˼ɺ٣һ˴򲻹༸ˣͻȺأɽͬ˶ڣû˸۸㣡
ĽЦЦͷȷʵˣ
Ǹù㲻ѹɣ
Ľ̾ǱΪˣ
ӣʦˣȻʵ
ĽʦŲԣҲ˵ȥ
˵Ҳ޷ˡ΢ЦǶһ˵ġ
ĽЦЦƶһӦġ
ܲӦ΢Цʦηʥ̳ܽ
Ľһ£ʦɽˣ
ɽˡ룬ҡҡͷȷʵû˵

ĽǱģ˵Ӧ滰һ˫ӥۣܿ͸ģĽûѡ
Ⱨɽ˻û˵һʿΪȴĬĬţίʵ̾
ûⱧɽˣͨĽΪɿʦͽΪȥ
Ľҿһ£û£ȸˣ
Ҫãʡ
Ľһµ´һ𸴣
ãһ£ͷ
ĽߣȻ£üһ˱Ƶ˿ҵˣ
ţٺĽɣһ˾ͷ
Ľɱ
Ѿ˹ȥˡ΢ЦҪȡ
ĽɽĽܲѶˣʵ̫ˣɽ˳˳ˮˣ
ҡͷ²÷Խɱ
ĽЦһ£ɱõ
Ȼߵλʦͷ䣡
ĽҾ͵ĺϢʰҰɣ
Ϊǿɱǲһġҡͷóɾˣ㾭̫ࡣ
Ľ΢ЦЩͲˡ
ûĵߣǱƵˣһиôôƽ
Ľһ£΢Ц֪Ĺϵǡ
ʦ
Ľ治֪Ҳû뵽ԭƵʦţһˣֲ¶
Ľֲء
Ȼ
ô£
λڻˣ
λڹ

ŲȻߣü԰ף׷ͯգɫӤûһ˿ü
Ľһۣϳ˵Ϣȴ
ʦ棬ʦ棡ȭ
߰ڰ֣Բӵ߿Цûˣ
ôһһۣλʦˣ
߶ҡҡͷ¶Ц
ĽæҪȻرһ°ɣ
أһ֣Ҳˣ޷
СһǡԲߴһĽüΪ
Цʦ棬ǱѾͷеˡ
СѾͷܵߴĽͷСѾͷȻҵˣѵѵã
Ľȭ΢Цλǰ
ؿԲЦеİڰ֣СһͲΪǳţϷһȣڹˣ
Ľ΢Цǰˡ
һΪѷˣԲ̾Ҳ֪ôģ˲ѽܴ
Цأ
ţ˲ӦԲߵͷΪȻӢžţ֮
Ͻ˵£һԵ
Ǻǡðɺðɣ˵ԲЦˣ
ûɱһʦһֱвģ˵ܳ
ţûɱʰˣԲߺ޺޵̵ģû뵽СӰѽ㾳磡
λʦû˰ɣæ
ˣԲ߰ڰ֣ߵҲ֪СôȻˣΪûʲô仯ȴ
֮ûɱˣ߳ҪɱҲöֲУ
λʦһ֣ü
Բε̾һ𶯣ɱ
⽪ü
Բ̾Ҳû뵽Ƕû뵽Ǹأû뵽Ľ
Ľȷʵ߳
Ľһ̧һ֣λǰ԰ɣ
㡪Բһڰ֣Сһ˵ΪŶٴ֣ɲɣ
Ľ΢ЦҲԣô֪ɣ
ðȴǣԲûĵǣȥսĲŲ


111 
Ľ΢ЦСӱˣ
ӴСôĵӣҪǶ֣ԲȻ´ڿһֵĶ
ĽЦǰô
СһﻹʹƣԲ߰ڰ֣ûĵˣȻ˵⻰ȻҲмְյģǾԣ
Ľ΢Цͷȥ˵ɽĴ˸ҷ
ţ׾ͺã˵ʲô
Ľ΢Ц֪Ϊ˰ȫĴһ뿪ţȥ׷ɱǽɣ
һ£ͷ˵գ˵ʲô
Ľ΢Цһʽף
Բ°ȻĴĽǺЦСһﻹԽԽˣף
ĽЦʽף
˵뵭˵Ͽϲŭ˵һƽ¡
ĽЦɱ⽪ɣƾͼ޸ң
ǳ׾ˣαߵ
ĽҡҡͷҲɽڣ
üۣҪ͸ĽĵףӣΪζԼ˷УĪɽԹޣ߿ߣ
Ľֵˣֻ̫ÿҼɽȢƣǵŮһʵûˣ
ٺ٣㻹ô룡ҡͷʧЦ֪뵱ɽڵŮĶ಻ʤ
ĽҡͷҿɲˣңʦܼţֻһҰף
Ϊü
Ľ΢ЦʦѱŰɣνɽ׸ƣĽţᱻȥģ˻粻ȥ
ʦˣ
Ľҡҡͷʦ֮ˣ˵ģҾΥʦͨһ

ĬȻ
Ľ΢Цתͷǰͽ̣
Сһ㵹ͦйԲЦеĵţϼţϧϧ
ĽЦǰˣ
ãʲôԲߺߵ
ĽͷνʣһѰ潣ӽ֮ʱεӽɢϢ
ףƾǲţԲ̾һȴûô⣬ĽƴЩͷۣϲԽΪܣΪĽ࣬һϹͷܸ׳Сӱȣ
ĽҪȽ쳤ؾõ£׳ɣýûʮĿ๦ɡ
ĽһΪǿһʲôԼ
ΪˣȻԱҲûô飬ǽҪǾĽͣÿһҲǾޣܸϼһȣ
Ľ΢Цǰͽ̣
ðգԲ֣ЦʲôжУʹܲκεң
ֶһƶʱòһһƵģء
Ľ΢ЦͲˣ
һĽէ䣬ĽĽѾǰޱȣûܷӦ
һ죬Բָһڼ䲻ݷ֮ʵסĽĽ⡣
һ£Ľȥһ̡
Բ߹ʼʩǰѽⵯ
һ˵ĻΪһָԽˣĽΪ࣬ýľףȴκβ
һܽ侢ȥŻɾΪٴδ̳һٶȸ졣
һ죬Բֵ⡣
ƾųĸӦڱ޿ɱܵ£׼ȷĵн⣬Ľ̾ϳɾƾŸӦн⣬Լ׼

Ľ֪ĸоֱͬǾսɵĵС
ԲƾⳬĸӦҵλãһָ˳任Ľҵ
ϧĽĽ̫죬ÿһαΪԽԽ죬ɽʯͷ
·һ࣬Ƕе˶ȫ͵£ĽԲߣ´κһ龰
û뵽ҡҡͷĽԲߣﲻţ˲ҪСţ
СʲôҲųУʡ
ҪŪɳ׾߳ҲóĸǸµģ
ҲѹһΪȷʵˣ
š߻ͷԴ˲ӲҪ˳ëۣȻһþͻַ
ȢƣҲ룬ǰѱƸϳˣҿɲ
ѽǸûϢģߺЦϱ³Ӻɷ
벻˼ӣʦ棬Ҳϱֻģ۸ҿ²ȥ֣
ѽûãһ
Цʦ棬ʦ᲻ܣ
üڿ֧أҵĻᣬϧСһĽҲᣡ
뾪ĵһнһУһнһУʦ汻ѹ̧ͷû뵽Ϊ˾ϴ˵һܾӣǷͷϧʱչûõĻᣡ
İɣ˵˼ɽڵģֵ߰Ǹ־ᶨ׸ı⣡
Ǻãü
̾Ҳ׵ģȢ˱ƣǰŵӣҲƵģϱһ

벻˼ĺǺЦæ쿴ֳʤˣ
ĽĽԽԽ죬ȴԽӰˣֻԼһ
Ľ΢ЦŰѽԲߺǰʦ棬ˣ
Բߡޡһ䣬ߵ˵úҹһ㣬ҿɺ޲ðʰˣ
Ľ΢Цʦ滹Ҫٴ𣿡
Բ룬Ťͷģ԰ɣ
Ҵ򲻹ü
ԲЦûԹ֪
̫ãҲǶ֣ߺߵ
Բ߲֣ͣԿҿ࣬ؼ䣬̫ûǰķ緶ˣǲǣ
߱˵²̨ûĵͷӦˣĽǰСֵܺĽѧԺˣ
Ľ΢ЦʦɽҰ֮ˣԣ˵ǰҲ֪
˵ߵ
Ľɽˡ
룬Բߣ˶˺һҡҡͷû˵ˡ
ĽĬĬţ
Ľ΢Цʦ˵书һδ䣬˲֪ʶ
̾͵סįˣ
Ľ΢ЦǰҪô
ðɡ߳ͷȻһĳ˲䵽ǰ
ĽһѾǰǰԶײϽ⣬ֻεıΪָһ
ߵн⡣
Ľ΢Цҡͷǰʲô񹦣
ԲߺǺЦôָ԰ɣ
Ľ̾һָ

ڶָĽĽ⣬ָܵн⣬׼ȷޱȣָȷʵһžѧ
Ľ֮̾࣬Ѿ˷ߵ·ֻΪ˲ʹ̫ѿԶʹһЩ
תʱйȥĽһ䣬Ȼӷ˼׾ӣƽƽۡ
ߵȴٴУб㱻Ľָź޿κεͣˡ
Ľʣ˱ȭˣ
Ȼý߻ͷ̾һҿ⽣Ƚɲˣ
Ľüͷһ㽣ȻȽɲȴûʤɣ˵Ľ֮ǿСﰡ
Ľ뵽΢Цˣ룺λǰȥһٺĽɣ
Сӣ㻹ҪսһԲ߲ĺߵ
Ľ΢ЦǺðһ
߰ڰ֣ˣټܳ£
ǺðɣԲ߲ĵһĽҪܴùϷҾķڷ
ĽЦЦСӿɲ˷ɱõɣѱƼ޸Σ
ãһ£ͷɱɣұһΣ
лĽϲ
ûʲôϣʦĻš
Բߵǿߣȥʰսģÿһ뵽ҾҪһڶɣ
βˣʲôߺһ
Բûĵģ˵Щƨһ
оˣߺߵ赭д
ԲߵҿûôģһҪСһҪɱսģҾʹһžѧ
ʦ棡æ
Բ߰һۣߵôҪ£
εĵʦ棬ڵӣѧ书ģк棡
ҴԼ书ǣѧԲûĵҾͰָ

Ľʱ΢۾ָȷʵһžָָƾߵ书ɵסԼĽ
ָǾʶʩչԼø죬Բ뷽ߵķӦ֪ˣָǾסԼĿ콣
ε̾ʦ棬ָ˵ϵõָ̫й¶ȥ
СֲˣǱѾͷɷԲûĵң书ҵģҴ˭˵ò㣿
ˣʦɣεĵͷ
ԲüЦͶôСֻҪұ˳Ҿᱡ
ŤĽСӣ벻õָ
ĽЦŵͷ˾ָʵں棬Ȼõ
ǺãһҾʹ㣡Բߺһ
ߺߵȻ봫ھʹصȽˣ˵ؼʱܾһ
Բһ£룬ʵֲִߣεĵͷðɣھʹ
ĽæƴǣԲûĵСӣ˱˻ԣϽѧˣսĶʱˣ
ĽЦһ£ʽȷʵ̽ˬĵͷҾͺƤˣ
ϻ࣡ԲƢЩꡣ
ĽԺЦ⽪ùǺΪɱøۡ
ϸţֻ˵飬ѧɲңԲ߳
ĽͷԲ߱㿪⽲úϸΨĽѧᣬ˵ѧ᲻Ȼͬ
ĽйĿ֮ܣȻһͼסñ֪װ黹ǿס
Բ˵˵飬ֵı飬Ľʵڲ߶æļסˣʩչ
Բ̾ĵͷСӣֲôü䣬ţˣ
㶼һˣЩûĵǿ߰ɣ
ϣ߰ɣԲ˷ܵĵͷͷĽСӣؼʱɲ׼ϡ
ĽЦϷľǣ
ȭЦȥһ
ãˣЦŵͷ
Ʈ˴ֱӴӺɽ·ɳȥû˿ȥƣһѣ˵Ľˣû˵ȥɱɡ
ЩǵĴ̽ǲ˷ЦŰڰ֣ģۺǸСֵи


112 Ƚ
˵һĶʱˣʦۺʦǹرȥ
ʦԼ֮ĸ죬Ļܲ
ĽƮƮУӰӹأʼʱ˻пϵ˼ԽԽ죬뿴Ľܸܲϡ
ǵ죬ĽƵģ޳̬֮ڷᣬΪԼԶʤǹ
Сһ֪ǵˡԲһ߼һ˵ҽܻʣҹ˼
ĽЦűȭǰﻯΪһƬģӰţԲߵСӣһΪģԼİɣ
ĽͷǼʦ
ʦܻ̾
Ϊעڣͳһλֻ֣õԸˣʵ
˾ÿ岻ͬҲͬͬһķˣҲһ
Լ壬᱾ܵĿڣҪؼһתΪԼ
УҲģܱɣסʮһ
ؼǾ뵤տʼʱΪܿ죬Ϊ뵤ܿԣֻǡ
ɵһ׶Σ뵤ﲻΪʱķĺûãķ侭뵤һķȴɣޱȡ
һ¹̫棬壬ˮһٶˮҲûãȥ
ʱĻۣʹܱҲڿʼ׶ΣѨԣʱ׶ΣٶҲݲˡ
׶ζʲô֣ùඥŪֻڿʼ׶ȡɣ֮˵ĸؼΣسԿͷ
Ľ΢Цλǰ٣ҲĽء
ǺǡЦ
ܻʵĵСһҪǽɽڣΪմӣҲǵķȻ᳤٣
Ľ΢ЦλǰΪķԵʣ
ǵȻܻʵĵɽѧɲһ㣬˫޵ľѧ
Ľͷ
ô˰ɣܻЦ书ǿʲôãǸˣ
ĽǺЦǱ˭þð

ٶ죬ɽڵٺ󣬲ĹĽżЪϢʱһڣ㽻һҪչء
峿ǵ˺һСǣĽ֪ٺȻλôһ۵С
һֱΪٺںĳһСϣǺһɽû뵽ôһƽƽ棬۵Сǡ
˽˳ǺĽǰǰֱȥ
áܻʵĵһ֣ǼһȻ
ҹ˼ٺϳĿͨ飬һǾ֪ˣϼһһ
Ľͷһ¥ڴλˣ˾ƲˣȻһͽ־һߵٺˡ
ĽСǺҺϲ
ٺмֱ£ʲôһģҹ˼
Ľһᣬûˣ
ҹ˼ǽֹ˽ġ
šĽȻ
ҹ˼ҡͷһǰˮˣٺַܴ
ټһܻҡҡͷٺҲһħһĽ˳ǣٺиӦι
ĽҪ˽أ
ܻƲƲ죺ȥ书ֱɱ˵ɽڰԵҿٺǸǵ͵԰ˣǰϻ
Ľͷⷨͦģ
ҹ˼Цǹٺһֱܰȡ
ܻʲмĵٺһ﴿ǵСûʲôϢ
ĽЦЦͬ˵

˭ǵС¥ݿڴһߣһ߻ο࣬ӷ͸һҺ
ĽüǽˣΪ񣬾ǿᣬؼ͸ĪɷϵûһҲаʮ
٣սģõ죡ܻƲƲ죬мĵ
Цܻʣ⻰Ҫ㣬
ܻʺǺЦսģ㣬˰֣һʰˣ
бҡҡͷתҹ˼ҪһسӣҶ˵ˣϴֻǸһѵֵε鷳
ҹ˼ɣŪˣһǰСһһǡ
ɺߵҵʱͲֱҲûô鷳£
ߣɱǣǾٺ󣡡ܻЦ
ɿҲҹ˼ϴ飬ûǣǵãôߣ
սģܻʲȻŭˣ
бһۣܵģ°ܽƾʲô˵
úãսģٱȹܻʴŭ
ҡͷҶ°ܽûȤ
ĽһܻһѹĽһ̺
óʹôãܻʵƢô꣬ɽ׸ƣ޳Ǹദ
ðɣ˸ˣܻʵĵǱѾͷˣķ
ſĽһֱע⣬ֻװ֪ĽƾһͶ϶⺩ڻ
ɴĽˣ
ܻʵĺһôٺ
ûСҡҡͷ
ܻʸŲӣأСһһسӣҪܴùǾ͹Թ뿪Ӵ˲̤ٺ벽
棿üĽ
ߣ˵ʱܻʰȻǶîîԣ
ɵͷԶĽ

սģˣܻʵЦ
ЦҡͷСһǲף̫ˣʲô£Сʲôɣ
Ľͷ
ɵͷܸһҪ汾µģ
Ľ΢ЦϲҲмĵãλǰ˵ǰ㽣ڣЩָ̣
ǺǡɴһĽǳڽԲôӣðɣҾͳȫ㣡
Ľνʣ⳯һָ롪
ʱ峿û¥Էĸ֮٣¥һҲûУֻĸ
ȶְɡȻ
ƲĽΪûã£ͲһˣĻٳɣԼĻȲһˡ
Ľ΢Цͷ͡һХ˲䵽˽ɸǰŤбȣһá
Ľ̾һȻףܱܿһ治ܻ࣬ҹ˼ûָĻҲסһ̡
һѪڷɵ֮Сһһ̣պ˸Ľһ̵ҲˮǴߣԽԽǿ
ˡһ㺮ǻΪһƬ⣬ʱѽС
ɱ޿ɱܣֻܳ˳ཻһƳ
˽̫죬Ҳ̫죬ˮ٣ΪƵʳֱ緶Χ
СӻмֵУܻʽˣ̾
ҹ˼ͷҲһգգĶųУ˽࣬μתҲγһƬӰӣӰһγһģĹӰܻҹ˼Ҫרעܿ塣
һȻ߿УĽƮˣɽ׷
ܻæϰɣ
ҹ˼֣ҡͷٵȵȿ
ҿСҪܣܻæٵˣ
ҹ˼ҡҡͷûô򵥡

˵Ĺ򣬳ٱ䣬಻Ľ⣬˵Ľأǧ
ܻҹ˼üͷ˵ĽĿʤ⣬ڶԷɨɨȥŹ֡
ܻʲͷ£
ҹ˼һ£ߵĿΪأϸ
ܻʶƣȻͷ˵أһҲŹ֣
ɲֹýȴۿ˭۾һ㿴ҿ㡣
ҹ˼Ƴһۣûĵ㲻ͱ˵ģǶţ٣
ΪҲ֪۾ƶԷأܻʺߵ
֪ͺãҹ˼ߵ齣Ǳг̫죬Ǹϣܵòԩ
ǣԩܻƲƲ죺սûʲô˵ģСһô˵ǲ֣
ţҹ˼ףҪˣСѾͷأ
ߣһﻹҪƷأܻƲƲ죺ҿСԽԽˣ
ֲҹ˼ҡҡͷ˭뵽Ϊ뽣㣬ۼţ
ţǵҲǣ˵ҲŵģܻʵͷС̫Сˣ̫أ
ע⿴ֳʤˣҹ˼ڰ֣˫۽ųС
Ľ뽪ɶɫȻһ˿˿һƵİͷƮ
һ紵ɢ
ܻ˷ܵĵСӣսıƳ
˻ĽȻһýƺ˿ԭ׵ľһʧڽǰ

һܻʵɴ۾ʧе
ԹһĿһָҲסʵ̫ˣʤ
ҹ˼ü˼ԼҡҡͷӦһʱֵġ
뵽ҡͷְ̾ôȴĽ̫Υˣ
ɺὣǰƺ֪ĽһĽ̾ý
һİԼһƿսɵֱƺ֡
͡һɷ̹⵱磬˲伴ѷĽղһ
Ľղһúգһװףһ֡
ĽӽסֻǿҪѽɣæһ󣬡ˡһҲȥɾ
Ľӽס콣⣬һһˣɻӽ籩꣬˴
ܻҹ˼ǺǰԼУԾĽĽ˸񵲡
ǷԼϽɵĽˣһԼͱնɼΣɢˡ
ҪҪϣСһﵲסˣܻʵ
ܲ϶ĽԼȥʵҲûõģûòǹؼؼҪҪæ
ҹ˼üҡͷ
ܾĽɱûʹûôװܡ
ٲ־ˣܻæ
ҹ˼ֻҡͷ˵ܻʶţνʣҪȥȴĽȻһЦǰطˣ
һ߻Žһ߳ЦȻĿĹâ̫׹ۡ
ΣֻȳһԱ
ָҰʱĽ磬ĽĽͬһޣһֵأˡ
˳·һƳϡ
ܻһСӣȻмˢӣ
ҹ˼Ž⣬˵Ľûбİֻһ֣Լô죬żİ
ţĽȻȣⶸһٴ׹һ̫
Ұָż򣬽Ľ
ĽһָĹ࣬΢ЦŽɣһƻģ
ýɳָҼ磬ֹסѪʣɫ԰ס
Ľ̾һĽѽһ򵥵ĶҪܾҵʹ


113 ɱ
Ľ΢ЦǰҲý
ɽڵĵӣɳߵ
Ľ΢ЦԣܻʹЦ϶Ҳн죡Сɽڵˣ
۾ɽڰԵȢɽڵӣҪţҲҪɣ
˵ܻæߵǶһӶԣСһؼǣǲŵʲôϵܲܣ
úãɻͷ۾ĽӢ۳꣬úţ
Ľ΢Цҡͷǰ
һ֣ȬҲɣһ֮ǧһ֮ҲһأԶǰ
ðԼģһͣüƽϣðԼŮˣʮ֮Ѿɱ⣬Ϊɱ⣬Ż˵Ķţ񣬺ûһƢ
֣֣̾ˣ
϶ûϣܻʵЦٺ٣Ժٺʵһ㣬ҪȻǿɲˣ
ҡͷЦתĽͷѵᣬǿ̾ĽѰɽҲ߯Сˣѽ䲻񽣣ҲƷĪû
佣ʣѽȷʵѵõı䲻ĽõӳѩҲѵá
ӳѩǺ彣ۺԲܴţֻһѰ潣
Ľæ֣лǰ⣡
ǣ˭ûУܻæһսģ¼ʵģİɣǲɱ㣡
ɲų΢ЦŰɣ䲻࣬ȴѣ
ҹ˼ѵ󷽣ۺŰɣ
ĽεĵͷҲգ
֣ͣһĽ˷ƴż򱻳ᴩһӡϽؿڡ
飡ɷɳ⣬ײǽ
ĽҼűɫࡣ

⡭ܻĿɿڴ
ҹ˼к˸Ľ򽪳ɣѪۿų١
æǰһ˽ɸǰæӻȡƿһöȴѪ
ҡҡͷ¶һ˿Ц漴˫һţȻ۾ŵģѾʧȥ
ҹ˼ЦվŤͷĽ
ĽҼ缸ָ̧ͷǰǰҴ˰ɣ
ҹ˼̾
ܻʺ޺޵ʲôٺҲͽ϶һ˵ɾɵúãۺ
Ľмĳܻʵͷ֪ǰοԼԼһɱ˽ɣͱѡ
ǰǰһһһٺĸ֣
СӣҲ߯Сܻûĵ
Ľҡҡͷǰǰλǰݲͬһٺ֣ǾҪڴսʹʤٺҲᱻ˼˱ˣòʧбƣһսҲ̫ΣˣһῴŰģһо
ѵõܻüٺмˢӵģûĸ֣һҲûУӲסΧ
Ƣ꣬޳ǸǱ֪һٺΣһֻСԴ󺣡
Ľ΢Ц򲻹ܣǰľǣ
ܻʺĿ
ĽЦŵͷܴ߷Ǳ
Ŷͺáܻɿ
ĽΪǶģһûе֣ӵĻϣŤͷҹ˼
ҹ˼
Ľλǰǿ߰ɣûʲôˣһɽҲκβã
Ҳáҹ˼
ġܻʳɵ
ҹ˼һһۺҸ㸽浲סӲͷѶţ
˵ŴӻͳһܵݸĽ
Ľӹˣ΢Цãλǰߣҵȵߣ
áҹ˼ǸģȾˣٲԥ

ܻʲĵĶСӣ涥סͷѶţӲţҿɲ뱻СѾͷԹ
ĽЦŵͷҹ˼ûĵ߰ɣģֲ𣡡
ܻʵһۣһ˶ٺôףһиһۺʲôҪѾͷ˵ģ
ĽЦǰҲҪģ
ҹ˼һѳܻʣƮӺĴ뿪Ϣûܷ
ĽǰĶóȻһȴһСӡ
Сӷһհףǰ˳ѱˡ
ڽͶԣΪһ壬ܻܲʱ֮ǧһȻͬ壬óȻһܻ¡
ĽýͬǴĽֻͣǿᣬӦˣһܿʹָϤ塣
ڶҳʱĽ¶Цݣһλ۽֮ɬһһ棬Ǳ
潫д͸Խ֮񼴽֮֮ϡ
һٶ֣Ľȴ˺ܾãʱ̾ίʵ֮һ͸ˣֱָ
Ľ޷𷨣Ҳ漰иϻûʦָ㣬𷨲ͬ
ԵһЩķǵķ⽣ֻۣͷԭ˿˿ɻһɢ¡
΢۾˼һͷڽϲ¥ֲ⽪˽
һ·ȴǼн
⼸н⾲˵Ľͬʽ򣬶ЧʤԼһ
һǰʽ֮ˣڽʤԼһ죡
ʽһһԺѧϰؽԭѧᣬѧ佣⼴ɡ

棡棡¥´΢Ľ
Ľ΢۾ЦЦգ
Ų꣬òݲӢмֻķɡ
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˾ĵĽǰȻǽµĽɡ
棡˴󾪣æǰ
һɣûϢ˶ʱ䣬ͷһƬհף֪ʲôá
ι˲ŻعŤͷĽ
㡭ɱ棿ʡ
Ľ΢Цҡ
㡭㡭ɫһߵ˵ƾɱ棿
һ·Ӧŭ𣬷Ȼһ϶أ
Ľ΢ЦҡͷǰϧƷ̫ңʧɱ
ţתߣ͵ײƴת۲ԶԶȣΧ
ĽЦЦƮƮӳ䵽һݶƮݶԶƮȥ
վסߺȣһһ˷׷
Ľ죬ת۵ĹʧҰ
˶ʱˣ˴ߺȣṦ̫ãʦʦǳ֣
췢Ѷţ
飡ըһ⣬ΪһӲӵİ׹⣬ͬһգס⡣
ʮӰô£
ʦ壬ϱˣ
Ҧʦʦк׽ģɱ˽棡
˵һߵ˭ɱ˽棿
Ҧʦʦ˵ģȥҸˣ

ĽƮƮУȴȻһٶȣҲԼһ򣬱ʮ׷
վסһ˶Ϻȵ
ļ٣ΪһƬӰӣ䵽Ľǰס·Ľһٵϣ˿㣬ҿ֣æӿ첽롣
Ľͣס΢Цʮĸ꣺λкιɣ
ɱ˽棿˳ȵ
ĽЦͷ
̾ϢٺһкˮŪˣһ۾ͿõĹٵϣϳԼǱģΪһϢ
䣬Ȼ޷죬ϲãⱩ¶ȴһ¾Ϳ
㣿ƾı£ɱõ棿
ĽȻɨһˣһϰգ
ÿСӣһνƾɱ棬Ǵúôţɣ
⻯Ϊһ׹⻮ĽǰչּϬĽ
Ľһһ̽͸Ҽ磬Ȼ󽣹ʧĽ뿪΢ЦΣ
㡭㡭żԱǰѨȻóҩ˿ڰæֹѪ
ɫĽѹ֡
ǶûܿĽղһδֻ̳ǰһѾĪʦܡ
ǰ⣬ĪʦᣬãԶ֣һȴˣԼȥҡ
Ľ°ɣǰٺһְɣסҺοǣ
ɱΪƣĽûɱģмɱǡ

λʦ֣һϰɣĪʦҼ磬̫죬ԱΪѹ
Īʦܵģ
˳齣ԻһһǰĽ
ĽЦҡҡͷǲײĲᰡ
ӽһ裬ʱɳȥ󣬳Ծĵ
ĽٲʶȤĪ飬ֻ뽪ǰгԩͷծǻ°ɣ
˵һƮ˰ΧȻƮȻʧ
˶ıӰɫѿȴ˵
Ȼߣأ
Īʦǿʹ࣬ȭ񣺡λʦ棬ûסѾˣ
ˣɫܵˮ
Īʦܿεĵʦ棬˵Ľ̫ҲûסһУ
ȥˣһ߳ߡ
ϱߡĪʦĽʧķһָ
ŤͷߣȰʧǰѹֵһɢɿĪʦܣλʦܲסǼһ
Īʦҡҡͷɫÿ
ô죿̾
ǵûĪʦܵĻ˵Ī⣬ɱȽһδܴù档
涼ɱˣλʦܵסġ
˵ŻߵˣĪʦûֱӳһָʦ׷ȥˣ
һָһʮߡ
զ࣬ǻû㳡棬ʮʦͬʦһȷʵ
Īʦܣ˰ɣʡ
Īʦܻͷʮλʦͬʱѷɣ
طҪ˺޺޵ĵҲҶ
ĬȻЩġ
Ĵھһòڵˣٺǻ

ĽƮƮУͱôһѲ⣬Ӧٺһ˲ֻҪǾסɡ
ң˲Ƶı£ֻҪӣûֹۺйϵֻƣɽڣ뱨Ҳûӡ
Ȼüͷһ£ɽڵ˵ûٺӣһ㡭ܲ
ɱ˽Ҳ޺ôɽڣǵô߱Լ̫
һһ߼٣˦ܻҹ˼ɽڶȥԭ칦켴
ûֱͨӴӺɽƮȥСԺ
峿СԺ⾲һһ˸ɷ֡
ĽȻ֣иӦŤͷʱϲ磡
⾲˽Թǰ񣺡磬
Ľ΢Цн
һὣ⾲˶ʱ۾Ź⣬üЦĽ̫ǡ
æһʦã
ʦ㡪⾲˽
æ֣ҪȻҿɲˣ
ðɣ⾲εͷ
ɳգ˺Լƽдһ죬ֵ죬⼸ղһ


114 ն
⾲뿪һͷͣĽ
ĽҡͷЦЦʦãҲǡ
˵ſЦҡҡͷ⾲ģȥĽ˺ᣬίʵ޳Ǹ
ŤͷĽ磬ʤ˰ɣ
ĽɫãƲµʤ
Ľͷţɱ
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Ľ΢Ц书ǿȴǸ֮ˣܲ
ֽԲһضǰݽĽֽͨ⧲֮£Ľ޿⡣
ɡǡͣ磬⽪ɿɲһˣٺһ֣ϵش
ĽɱٺܰݣΣΪ˽ɵĳ𣬻Ϊٺϣ뾡һа취һҪɱĽġ
ĽЦƣصģҲҪġ
磬̫ˣҡҡͷص̾ͱһ¦ӣ
ĽҲɱɱңԼûסңΪٺʹֶҲҪɱң
һ£ͷ⵹Ҳǣھʤʹˣ书ٺҲõģһˣٺ˭Ƶס磿
ĽһۣЦЦƣǴɵ뷨ǹ֣Ҫѹһͷ
ûӡʧЦͷз磬̫ˣ
ĽƣκβңܻԸ㣬СģһӱչذɣҪɽ
ܱܲһӹذɣЦ
ĽɽкһҲһˣ
һҪһô
ĽЦҲһֱ
йػصģ̫鷳ҿʹɽϣ׼ٺ޿κΣ
ĽЦҡҡͷһֱбɽڣҲɽھ̧ͷҲᱻá
ɽãȴҪ־룬ű˴ˡ
ĽݣƸһӲˣԹ֮Ľ˹ϢȻһʧصڡ

һıһʣϺӣ˱ɺģȻųȥ
ĵС䳡߾ףƣ㣬ʦͽ˶ڣһλӣŮ˵
Ľһţתͷ
ϲæƮǰˣ
ĽͷЦһ£ӣûˣʮ꣬޳δһݣ˫۾ȣ˿ʱ͸ƣøС
걧ȭ΢Цʦ֣ׯ־ƽ칤£
Ľ΢Цűȭׯʦܣض񡣡
磬ׯʦǹı
Ľüͷһ£˵ӳѩʶһ¡
ĽЦЦðȥǣ
ׯ־ƽæȭлʦ֣ɽıǵڶѣ뿴һк
Ľ³ݹȥֻҪˣׯʦ⡣
úãһСģׯ־ƽæĵͷСֽӹˤš
Цׯʦܣûô󣡡
һҪġׯ־ƽǵڶѱǰһһ㱦ܱȣ
Сׯƣ߾
ׯ־ƽͷЦѾоǰѪӳѩһŪס
߾ܷƳҲˣҿ㻹ģ
ׯ־ƽǺЦҪԵģǲǣʦҾȥ
˿ϵӳѩ˫۷Ź⣬ԾԾ֮Ա
ȥȥգ߾ڰ֡
ׯ־ƽתͷߣЩʧŮΪ죬ףЦ÷ӳѩඣ
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ĽѾްøоʦ£
߾СɽɣȥݳǣڻڣԽ޼ɵˣ
áĽͷ

ҹʱ֣Ľٿʧڣɽڡ
һ֣㿴齱ߣ֣æ磬أ
Ľõ֮һ䣬Ϊһ꣬λǰˣ
ţӦٺ£ƴЩأ˵Ҫǲһʶòã
Ľûôأȥȥ
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ĽЦЦԸǵӰɣ
˵˼仰Ľ뿪˵ƻͨĴ
ڳ룬ܻʣҹ˼ߣһĽ
ۺɣɷЦָһ¶λ
Ľȭߵͷ£
û뵽Цҡͷû뵽һξɱ˽ɣٺĵһ֣
Ľ΢Цұɱûס£
ۺ˻أʲôܻʺߵû춼ֳˣ
ǺǡЦһϲ£Ȼˣʦ棬ѵˣ
϶ˣȻǸ˵ġܻʺٺЦСӣû뵽ڹۺϣ
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ܻæͷð亹϶ֳ죬ססģ
ҹ˼ңǰҲҪɱˣ̫ˣ
϶úãܻʺߵ

λǰٺưոݡĽҡͷЦ
ܻʶʱɴ۾еӾҵҪ
ʮ㣬û˽ɣɽҲٺٺһҪ֪ȤﾮˮˮҪǲʶȤҪúýѵһ¡
ۺ˲Ҫɣҹ˼ʡ
ĽҡͷЦЦûʲô󰭡
˲ˣ뾪ף˵
ҹ˼Ҫ׼ٺ϶ݣĲģҪɱġ
Ľͷ׵ġ
ա̧̧֣ЦۺɽϱչأһˣҲŬһɽȱܱǵ
ĽҡͷЦлһɽգ
ۺҪףɽҪٺΧˣ֪ۺ㽣׿Ҳһˣľ֧
ĽЦҵҪʶһٺʵɱҵģ
Ҳ̫Сٺ󡣡ڰ֣ɱ㣬õҲһħ
Ľһ΢ЦҲħ
һǼǣóħҲмܲסģСΪ
ĽЦħʲô
ն콣
Ľüħʲôã
ɷӳʵ˳ն콣̳Ϊ춯صľͣ
ĽЦЦܰɣ
ۺûħҡҡͷħãҵһ¡
Ľն콣ԭΪֻʥħû뵽һϲٺҲħɽҲУ


115 ڼ
Ľ˵ֻʥħ
ǺǡЦҡͷۺ㲻ˣԲ˵ħϾʲôöڻҪ˼ġ
Ľüͷһ£ЦʥҲˣ
˵ʵڣħĲħҲǿ
Ľϴ
ЦۺħܸȤ
ĽͷҲŪһħ棡
װһ£ҡҡͷ¼ħˣõħֻӲħǺ⡣
ΪΣĽʡ
ģЦħĪܣһãо춯صǳһħſס
ĽͷˣǼΪల£˵ʹٺ˽ɣҲԪ
ǾͲΪ˶ɽڣΪħĴڡ
Ľüô˵ûбķӵħˣ
ҪˣһħڳɡЦɽڵĿʦеħӶɽڣ
ĽͷԼħ֪ǳǰ֪ĽƤëѣħûôס
ħģǴţõһ˺ѣ书ǿҲɡ
ĽЦлģ
Ȱ㻹Сģûħģô˵ɣڳļ˼һҲסħ
Ľɨһۣĸɽڵһ֣Լûա
˵˰㣡
ĽЦôǿ
ֻǿЦǲ׶ħҪõĻҲã
Ľȭл
֣ҿʲôۺҲŵˣҿɽϱչһӰգ
ĽЦǺðɣ
¶ЦݣһۺȰ

˵洫һ˼ٺˣ
٣ü

򢣬Ц͸ӲСۣ
ǡӴӦһܿ뿪
Цۺٺ˲ģҪҲڡ
ĽһǱһܰɡ
áһ֣Ҫ˵Щʲô
Ųܿ촫˰ȻӢɷĽη塣
ĽЦдǣ뿴кλ˵ȻĿһһϡ
ο׳ʵŨüۣ͸żֺϢ˫۾âһ֪Ϊ
ĽעΪʩչѻɺ֪ٺһλڵӣʾг
ǰŨü۵ˣɺԺֵˣӦþǳˡ
뱧ȭ΢Цλɽڣ֪кιɣ
ƽģͷĿһָĽ潪汨𣡡
ҡͷۺɽڵˡ
˵ˣǲǣƽ
΢Цŵͷ
û뵽ﾹῴôһɵļһƽЦҡͷʧ
ЦЦɣ
㽪棬ֶαɣʵ˲ݣƽ
ǺЦҡͷ˵ۺ˽ǰҿŪ˰ɣ
ûƽƾ书Ҫǰ㣬ɱ˽棿֪Ӧòƫ̻ɣ
Цҿûƫ̻ŪˣĲǹۺǽǰ
⻰Լ𣿡ƽеͱ˵ζ
ʧЦҡͷĳ䲻ФҲ˵ƭ˰ɣ
ƾɱ˽棿ƽбĽ
ĽЦЦȴû˵

Ȼܻ̲סŰ׺ӣЦƨƨǷŹƨҲ˵
ŭĿܻʡ
ܻʺߵǻǽ϶ͽͽ޳ܾһģһ书ôߵڰ׵ı²С
ҹ˼ҡͷ̾ɵĽۺխɱģû㣬ۺһŭ֮ɱҲһˣø˵ѣҲãҲãҹۺȰǻϢ˼
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ܻȴ̲סСӣƾǻҹۺ鷳ˣ
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ĽЦǺðɣҾͳȫ㣡
˵̤ǰ˶ʱһ˵ӰĽɱ˽ɡٺһ֣ʹҲһõһĽԾһݣһ
ĽǺЦգһϣ
ǲ֣ƽٺǧһһĭҲ㣡
ĽЦҡҡͷҿɲĭΪ£
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ĽЦЦˣ͵˶ʲô£˵ˣǲ˲ǹܰɣ
㡭ƽŭӿ˵
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ĽЦЦ´һۣǡ

ĽЦЦǲǰ
ûУҡͷһֱڣ
ĽͷǾˣζҾϤŶˣǲڵķ

ɫ䣬ɻĽڣʲôڣ
Ľָ¶̾ɫãѹһֱٺ򶨵˼˲ã
ü˵ʲô
Ťͷƽʦ֣˵ʲôôúͿ
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ĽЦҡͷٺȤӲԻɲһģ
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ĽŲ㣬ֻ֪һĵҲûʸģλҲգ
ۺ˵ڵķȻ
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ڵķǵصӲҵǼʶķһ
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ҡҡͷƽϷٺ˳ۣҲڿտڰ׻ûһ֪Ҫ֪ڿֹУ
ƽɫһ۳򶨣޻֮ɫЦɽҲǺݶߵ¶ó
ЦЦҡͷС֮ĶȾ֮ǰˣۺǻǲǵˣ
ĽЦǵھϲ⣬Ҫڴս֮
šͷǲܲ
ĽЦЦλӦڵܰһ㣬򵥣
ûоĽſں˵֪ĽΪԼճСһôױҲôˡ

䶢Ľһ֮ɫЩɣû˵ֻǲʱĽٿ
ʦ֣ۺȻǺҶеˣ
ƽͷĽģ˵˵ʦǴСٺģ⣬㣬˵ЩɺξģҪĨٺô
ĽЦŲǰգСһλ˿ڣڿɲһˣ
ҪǴסԨˣ
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˵һٿĵ˳ǰ̽ץס죬һ룬ֽסһؿڣֱӷѨ
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ЦСһģܲôò֣ԨҲɵӣѹס
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ܻʵۺǿ
æʦ棬˰ɣС²Ͷʦȥ
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ҹ˼ˣٺڻðɣȥ˵Ҳûʲô˼
ܻЩ㬣һȥͲȥ
СģʮӣһͬƽٺҪԨԼ棬˵һ¡
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ǿĽղһץ磬ӦԼҲһ
ܰ˽棬Ȼм汾µģû汾£밵Ҳܡ

ʮɴӡ
ΪĽ֮һܲעĿòƽƽԸºͣûһɫıԶǣһʱ嶯ע⡣
Ű½һ·СڣһĲٺˣΪҪ
Ľ뿪һֱ㵽ɽ£ƽ˶ĬзȻ飬ȴ˵
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ЦѾˡ
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Ľǿ󣬶Ĳϸ΢Զһ˿ɱȣ˿Ʋһƣʵתޱȣ
ޱȵĽ֮һ֮䣬ﵽͬЧƣͲһܹģҪסϸ·ߣһһǸӡ
ҪǣĽӻͳһö壬Ө͸Ө覣ɢ͵Ĺâ
ǡһ壬Ǵ￴ġ
Ľ΢ЦţΣհˣһᾡȥ
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Ľȭ΢Цأٺ֣Ҫǣط
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ĽüͷܾƲʹѨҲܷƸꡣ
صСݣɿĽƣҪɽһˡ
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ͷĽ˲֮ʶ˭Ҳס
Ľ磺Ҹİһ£¡
ǺðɡεĴӦ


116 
һٶȺܿ죬һ·ϣǱ˴˲˵ǵˣƽɫţһԲĿ˸ͣڻ˼ǰ
ۺĻף书ҲûҪɵ£ֻѺ״ġ
ѲɣСһʦܾڼ飬ڵˣ
䲻̫˽ڣҲ֪ԭʥڵһڣʲôڣаˡ
һʦڵĵӣٺһЩһ֪ˣҪµģ
ڼ飬к⣬Щڵֵʦʦǣ֪ǲµ֣
뵽ͷһۻȥĳҡͷ̾˿һ֮ۺ¶ĸ֣ǲ޵ķʸѵʦڼ飿
ѣ֪ӦӦţҪĻǾٺĪЦ
뵽￴һԶĴʮˣҡҡͷɽδؾһƬģ˵ҪԼЦġ
뵽뵽Ľ뵽ɣ뵽õһ֣ȻôĽɱˣһӻ޲һĽˡ
ϧ뵽Ľ书ΪҡͷǶֻ֣ҪۺһָԼҪ군
ڴʱȻԶһУʲôˣ
ƽæŤͷȥֳֻˣƮƮֳֳƮƮˡ
ǺˣƽæʩչṦƮȥȭ
߲ƣͨӣóǶǶ֣ԼС
˻ɨˣڳϣȻһǰͷ
ǵʲôˣƽĳȥµ˭ˣȻǱۺˣ
ǳСӰɣһ˻Ƶʵ
һ˵ͷСӡ
ػųٺӳҪʲô
ٺģһ˻ʵ
ƽλи㣡

µ˵ݣȴ˸ֱۣ˵ûת徵أ㡣
һ˵ǿСӵ˰ɣ
ʦʲôݣƽʦܱɽڰ㣬ҪȥҽΣ
Ŷݵ˿˿΢Цƽ
ƽĲϵ³ʦܹȻڼ飬Ⱦʹģ־÷ŭԳ޸飬Ǽɱ⡣
Ǻǡ˶ЦҡҡͷٺСһﻹǿɼأ
ɱǵġһҡҡͷôɵôɰģŶãϧ֪̫ˣ
ɽʮô죿һʡ
ǰЦһ˰ɡ
һ˺ǺЦڴսʯ٣Сӵһ˵϶᲻ţ
ҲţǰСŪһЩǣ
һɱǣʵд˿ϧˣҶˣ
壬ͱè޺Ӽٴȱˣ
ǣǾͶְɣ
ðҪȱȣ˭ֿ죡
Ⱦͱȣ֣
һ䣬ʱνʣƽ
ƽ׼ƲȱܣԶĴǣҪˮ
˵ΪԼһ˾֣ܿᱻһɽΪɽĽ֮һ书ΪԶʤԼһս֮
Сӣܵõ죡Цеҡͷ׷˹ȥ
ƽһỊ̃תܵǰԶԶе֣ڵˣ
ߵ˵ɣ֣
ɽ书ף䲻䣬ȴƽǿö࣬ڴĴ£ʮΧˡ
һɱٺӣٺҲߣΧһ·᧿Σʱ

˽˸ѹôǴʮĬʮ㣬ˣ˴˺Ӧû˵֡
ƽһæܻٺǱߣ룬ʱһǿסˡ
ֵܣƣڳ˰ɣһ߻ӽһеڵĵӣڼ顣
ߣδأʦܿͶģƽЦ
ЦСӣӲҪȻһ֮ԼԸ
ǳڣ߲ƽҡҡͷ
ߣס
ԣƽ·磬ܴҪЮ
ЦٺҲ˼ڼ飬ӦǵմӰɣǲйٺѧ
ֲǵģƽûѧй˾йˣûʲôˣ
˵ǵĽҪƣЦ
ƽŭôθڣǵΪҪЮ˿ԣҲҪóҪ
ҧȲϽ㻹Ǳˣ
ٺҲСҡͷϾڼ鿴Ҳѿ
ɽڲѣƽЦ
ҡͷ֮ʼ飬ɽٺ˵һֱԣؼʱЭģˣ
ƽҧ޵һЭ
Сӵ£һЦΪɱǣƺðɣ
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ʦܣȣϼӽȥơ
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ӰһĽس󣬼ָ֮óҩؿڵ˿ϣƤ˰ˣҪúýûˣ
ӣʦȻĽ
ĽЦŵͷһԲסˡ
о˰գûųǳֺãڹؼʱҲһ
ĽĿĲһǲһģɽں㣬һƽɽڵľٶ˼ߣƽϢ˿ɲס
˾ͺáʦЦͷԼ˿ڣˣ
ĽЦ򣺡ҲѣСûʲô
˵ŤͷһɽǱٺǱߣЦЪһҽǣ
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ĽƮһٺƴɱ󣬲˷Ӧһġ
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ͻأ֣мɽڵģкҲˣֻǿս
飡˶ӦֱӭסĽ
˶ʱ˳ȥԽ˵ͷɵֱײϴҶ
Ľҡҡͷߵǰ
䳤һЦ֣ˣ
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ĽҡҡͷʵҵĽƲ˻ԡ
ɴ۾޺޵ô˵ˣˣ
ĽЦŵͷȷʵˣ˴
֣һֱǺ棿ʡ
Ľǡ
Цҡҡͷһ¿ĽĻԣʦڿһۺϣ첲գ޲ðʲôۺ
ʱٺҪۺʦۺðգ˵ۺʦûȰš

Ľͦѵģȵǣֵңջҹˣ
⻰ţһЩЦ޳ȥŮóȥˮ⻰һûʦڰ˵Ҳգ
ĽЦǺܹǵġ
лӣƽ߹ȭ
ĽЦЦҡҡͷҵ֮ͣӴɲлҡ
ǶԹԹǶԹƽȷʵȻһ׶༪٣
ĽǻҪų
ƽ¶һ˿ΣӲͷƤǻύ
ĽͷҲãһ·̫ƽˣҪҪһǻȥ
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ĽЦΣڻĺúþ֪Ҫ֪ǿʥڵͽһֱʥ׷ɱ
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ס죬峿ʱ֣ĽСԺʱƴҴҶ磬ˣ
šĽ½һֱŽϵţٺ
ǰæͷû뵽
ĽüͷһЦߣȥƣ
ҹȥء¶ɫ
Ľ뿴ԨûħȻҪȥġ


117 ı
ĽЦȥһۺη书Σ
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ıԴԼɱ˽ɣɽڳΪһ壬ʵɽڵǵ˼ܼ򵥡
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ԨĽۺһۺ㵨ӲС
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ĽͷƮƮӳһԨбն磬ÿ塣
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Ľ΢ЦսȭЦЦˣ

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˵ն콣ٿһʧ֣Ԩһ漴Цһ΢
Ľã⣬ն콣ȴ£ն콣ͬΪһ壬˴ʹǧҲԼ֪˴ˡ
ֻҪָˣҵʱն콣һҪɱۺŭ
޵ľĽ޲ĽһͷײϣÿۺܣҪѡ
֮£ʩչɱﵡն콣ҲΣԨзɭɭɱ
Ľ֣ܿЦеĵն콣ѾˣزԼܳ
㡭ԨŭĽоն콣ˣ
ĽЦеĵ㿴ɱأأ
ǰһһԨ
Ԩͷ俴һ˿Ц
Ľǰ˿ûн䱸֮⣺ٴն콣һãΣ
㲻ѾõôԨһ
Ľҡͷûãǲǣ
Ԩ֪Ԧھ㻹İɣҾ˵


119 ǿ
Ľ򢣬´Ԩҡͷ̾ʵڲɱ㡣
кξ壬㲻ŻҡԨõԦھΣСһҿǷңǰһʹ
ĽЦҡͷ⻰СҲţǲǣ
Ԩ˵һԾŶɱңҲ֪ǿҲһˣɽҲס
ĽЦɱ㣬ֱӹɽڣΪߡ
ԨЦҡͷɽڸ㣿
ĽˣٺȺףְն콣ߣٺкӲɽڣҲն콣һãͻ㣬Ҳʧʲô
ԨΪɱңǾκ㲻ãӦ֪ɽˡ
ĽͷȻ
ɽٺӣٺҲӦɽڵӣڱ˴͸ġ
ôܣǳҲ첻ˣķӾǰ֣ɽںĵ˺ֱ֮͵Ѱ˼ԳΪĺͯʱٺ
ɽںĵĺӶˣʲãͽӻʺõĻװٺ
⺢ʾѵΪٺĵӣһʱĸȥϡ
ַν޷죬鲻ʲôܲеٺӶԭҪѪҺ
ɽôɣٺҲܣɵУңһЩĵĻܣΨ֪
ԨֱˣͷЦۺ㼴ʹؽɽڣҲзʰ㡣
ĽüǾͲܺƽദˣ
һûܺ𣿡ԨЦб
Ľ̾˿ҡͷʵû˼ֻն콣һðˣʲô˵˵ա
ܡԨҡͷٺ󡣡
ĽЦҡͷⲻܣҰףңڣܰš
Ҳն콣ԨҪɱңҪٷϻ
Ľն콣пھ
ԣԨЦ
Ľüǰˣն콣ҽˣպٻ㣡
ն콣ǲݣԨߵ
ĽЦ㶼˻ôᣬԵʣ
˵ҡͷ̾˿תߡ

ԨûɱģԨ˵Įȴûʲô񼣣˵ۺҲûʲôԨס
ղʩչͨҪȡԨԺԦھϧȴһƬհףԨ־ᶨޱȣԺ
ƮƮУȻһ̶һԾ˽ȥ̶׵ն콣ȡԾ̶ߣ˶ָ˸ꡣ
ڴǰ磬ЩףһĸҲû壬޷⣬ȴѣᶶ֮ʣݾ΢õ
ͷն콣ħ˵ɷԲܿʥ磬Ϊ˶ħʥ
Ϊֹǵһۼħƽƽ棬ȷʵף˾¡
ǰԨʩչն콣ʱħ壬˵ףǰٱǧ֮
Ȼն콣ĹͣĽƲ⣬ն콣ɷʵʣǣܹԨ
Ԩն콣ɱն콣ǰԨɱˣԽԦˣס
Ľһߴն콣һḧȴһֱҰνʣֱͣķ棬֮ǡ
Ľ˰ΣԽն콣ڵĽɢĪϢлԼ
ννĵײͣźߴĽǼᶨԺǿҵȴӲѹסˡ
Լֱն콣ȷʵаŶǿҵԽֱȥν
ι̾˿ѽҵ䡣
֮ϻָƽҲûôǿҵĽ˿⽣Ҳǳһ

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磬ˣĽһСԺƱڵĴСͤվ´
ĽЦô
û˰ɣһϮ񣬽ŵĶĽ
ĽҡͷЦûˣİɡ
˰ɣСͤ
ĽЦˡ
ϲ˸ִһۣɿģҪȻɱ
ĽЦȷʵס
棬ȥʹˣ˵Ƽûùӳԣ
Ľһڲ裺ʲôɱﵣ
ħƵߵģʦԲĸ˵ˣħܾ˵ģֻħܿħĸħҲҪûģ
˵ɫ΢ף뵽ղŵĽ뵣ǣ꣬޲ò׷
Ľͷȷʵ
ʩչħˣɫ䡣
Ľն콣ŵϣ
ƽŵĶն콣
ִĽȻȴԾòģ磬̫ðˣ
ĽЦ޷򲻹ѽ
ӵõҡҡͷ˵ħһ֣оɱˣ
ĽеͷۣеˣĹȣЦŰڰ֣ƣҲûħûôа
ѽε̾ض棬´ξ׼ˣҵͷˣ
Ľۿеʪˣ¸жЦŵͷã´βˡ
о´һ˵õĹ

ն콣ƺĴϵĺڽҡҡͷ治أ
ǰģһû񽣵ƣҪǶû˻
Իޣ⽣ȷʵĽ΢Цͷ
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Ľæһֵ̧סƵС֣ɻĽҡͷñ
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ͷһοħѽҲƣʲôѽһ档
Ľҡͷģƽƽ棬ֵһ˰ɡ
ҲҪѽƵ
ĽЦҡҡͷƣҲ㿴ǰβҴģԦ֮ý
ƶʱ°Ȼ
ĽЦҶѡ
˵Űն콣磬γ
ĽҡͷܰΣ⽣̫аŶûԦھγµģǵȵȿɡ
ưһۣԦھ㲻ǵͦôҰΣ
ĽӲҲ¶ܲɱֻܷߣ⽣
ƵͷȻ˵ඣһ˵Ǿͳˣзӵھ
Ľüһ£ҡͷûаգ˵ҰٺʵڲеĻֻܰݽȥˡ
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ĽЦһˣҪħպл˵ա

ļ죬ĽչأʵǻڣΪһɽ̽ڡ
֮ǰĽڸ߾ǰԸ
߾һŵС㣬ɽмǲҪǿֻҪ̽ڵϳɣҪڵӽ֣ммǣ
ף֪ˣʦڵô£ôһκˣ
߾ü˵ڳһķ˼£Բˣ
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ʦ˵ġ߾ü˵Ŀڶ࣬ͨ黹ԶС㣬㻹Ҫ¹򰡡
üëͷǣʦһϸһЩһֱ̾ھݳǣǵͷߣ͸ȥ
߾޿֣ŪϳŪ˾ͺã¸Ӳƴ
ǣʦ׵ġ׵֪ϳҪһ𷢶
ʦҪڡ߾ס
ʦҲסʦΪһֱˣҪǲ񣿡
߾΢Ц⡣
Ϊ˴̼ŬҡͷѾŬˣգ
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ȻʦҲ֪
ţҲ߾ͷ
ĽЦʦӦ֪һŰɡ
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⻰һ˵ʱ˵ˡ
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߾ڰ֣ȥ֮󣬾ŪˣȻ̫飡
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߾εĵһۣСһţƢҲ

Ľ뿪ڣܿ쵽˾ݳǣһСʻĽСԺ
Ľһϣһ飬ĽҲһ飬ϵ
ﵭƣޣԭûɢģȾС
ȻСһ٣洫һЦǺǣʦãڷ
飬Ľ
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ĽЦŵͷ
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ǺǣʦʱпգʱüЦ
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ٺòЦŵͷȭãǾ͹ʦ㷼ݹˣǣ
һۣǺЦ벻תߣ˴գһٴǰߡ
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¡һʵǼֻܴ򡣡
ĽҡͷЩв㣬Թ־͸أ
ҡһ
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ΪЩԾЩήҲ͸ųݡ

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Ƭ̺󣬷òŮ£§һòŮӣһòŮӣˡ


121 
ĽüһȻ·ǳһ㣬òŮڵùǺ˰ʱձŮϾ˯˹ȥƣ޾㣬֮
򴩺ϥԱߵİϣת۹ϼ⻺䶯żߡ
ĽüһּĹǿļ⣬һķ
̾˿ϵĴ˲ԼһǸˣ뵽ã仯Ϊ֮
֮ԴҪ죬Ҫһ巨ȻС
ܹزȻƤĲΣǿҲԶʤһˡ
һ߷Ĵһ߲̽ǰҡҡȷʵĪ⣬ͷһƬֻ壬ûһ˿ִ˼ֱ亱УʹЩɮҲ
ĽƾǿľܹȴôĶã˼ʯһķɹ
㶼Щͷʱɨһֿ̣ĽҡרעֻĹơ
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ҡ¶һ˿Ȼ飺Ҳ֪ҡݱ΢ղʱп˷ҪҡӣܣʵҲϰˣûʲôˣúýһӾͺá

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˵Ż˿㣺׹㲻ᷴ԰ɣ
㵭Ȼᷴԡ
Ľ˿ҡЦҡ治뿪Ȼ¥䲻ʲôСԺʲƣǻ𡣡
лˣҡǴɡҡҡͷ
ĽͷЦЦ˾Ͱˣи˵뷨Ҳǿ
ӡ
Ľڰ֣ѽҪԼ뷨ǿˣʵһգ
εĿֿҡĲ⣬ʵ벻ףһѱĻᣬץסˡ
ѵ¶Բ룬ⲻˡ
ĽתͷҡȻȥЪһЪɣǴǳʶǲ¸ͣ
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˵ǰæǰīܿкīĽʣߣܿдһӣݸҡȳһЧĶӦþͺˡ
ǣлӣҡӹҩһȵ뿪ˣһ硣
ߣǲޣŭ䲻ôõĻᾹȻװ׷ˣһɵϣ
Ľһ㣬ҡͷʧЦ⻹ǸСȻԼС檣һԴף
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Ҳ֣ûҡ쳣Ľ쳣Ľ֪ף֪Ӧǿʲôˡ

Ľ̾ҡҡͷҶˣȷʵڵĵӣҲ˱׽ˣ
һ
Ľͷеİɣ
ŮӡɫǺ죬üӿŭ뵣ǡ
ĽüŮˣ
ǡͷǲǡ
ĽŮ˵ĻǾе鷳ˣҲ֪ڵĵԣ
ߣҾǣߵ
Ľҡͷ̾С㣬ڵʵ̫κǲõģ
ɣü
ĽЦҡҡͷΪ֣ҰﲻˣֻʡһЩˡ
޺޵ڣҺһҪǣ
ЩŭԼŬԴĽҸ֮У˼Ľϣлķ书ʹʦʦһ䣬Ҳ书ϣĽ
ĽҿǲҺģİɡ
ԸˡһӰЩͷɥ
Ľ˵һǵò
㾫һ񣬲ǻдæ˵ò˵һ飬Ľһһ˶Աȡ
һĽͷðɣߣǳȥң
磬Ҫʲôæ
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ĽҡҡͷһתһתȻȥҪǾȲˣҲǿ
æǴСģ
šĽ΢Ц磬ӣҪҪҡѽ
Ľ۾һɣæðɺðɣҲ
Ľڰ֣ţε뿪Ҳһߡ
ĽĿʧȻһʧԭأȻһӡ

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ΧԺ¥ƻͨСԺһƬڣĽȻʱŮӶû֡
ĽҹһˣǶ׹µİɣ׹оǳȥ
һһŮΨ۾תطܶĽЦơ
飡£ĸŮһʱɿȥϵֱˣϵαϡ
ǴڴŴЩ̰ĺղűסˡ
˵УĽֻĸһһֻܽת飬ߴĽ⿪ԼѨ
ĽЦеĴһŮӣЦҡͷڵмֶΣҲڵĵӣ
Ůòڰ֮ɫ䣬ŵĵĽŮæ
Ϊڵӣʹ¹ӳڴֽϣһƬڣǶסѨԿ˴ˡ
Ľ˵ʱŮƹӳա
ƹ֮£ŮòѨû⿪Ůò绨һġ
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ŮװװҡڵĳСԺȻһȻ¥˴ϡ
ĽЦЦ֮۹Ƶ뿪һȴû뿪òŮǰһģʱ⿪Ѩ΢Цڵӣ
ŮһŤͷȥһ߻
ɱסŮǷ˾ˣϢľߣԼ˲סǰ˵ġ
û뵽ĽͨĽͨҲΪǣϴˣ֪Ȼϳ
һ¿ŮĲͬĽͨ£Ρ
ĽҲŮӣѵŮ˫ޣ
üҡҡͷɰɡ˭
Ȼһ䣬ȴһ¶סŮ
Ůһ£ԺһĽ׽ס룬֪˷ݣȻһֱչصľӢ
ǰһţȻ㣬˷飬ٴµĹ
书֮ҶһϢطܹˣڵؼʱʤ
Ľҡͷҿ书һúܣô
˭ŮɴЩĵĽ
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ĽЦҾǸ
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ΣŮЦʦֲŲϵأ
Ľҡͷ΢ЦδذɣǾԣ֮֮
ʦһŹģŮЦ޿֡


122 
ĽǺЦϴ鰸ǰ谭д֣ߣܿ£ȻŮƮƮ뿪Ȼ¥ܿ
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Ľڵӣ߰ɡ
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ĽЦǷŮˣܹܲ
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ĽЦЦһϵŮδӴĸԼŮڱϣһ˵ġ
ɱüᶯһ¡
ĽЦɲöԸڵɱﵣҵʶһ£ֻ׼׽ǵˣǲ׽ǵģ
ðɡͷ
ƮƮߣĽϰһŮѨȥȻصĽСԺ
Ů׽ס˵ͷȻǾɱű׽ģ䵽֮Ҳûˡ
Բ鿴ƣüŭ֡
һ̫ɶǸˣķضˡ
ؼĽʱѨʱֱӶһƣǾ񣬲ȻĻǸûܳ
Сͤƻͨһ𣬼Сͤ㿴Ǹæµ˲赹ˮϹϹͬĿǡ
С㣬ǲҪġǾŮ΢ЦƤˡ
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ûʲôġŮҡͷ΢Ц
Ů˵òҪݣôɾúýһҪʱҩ
ǡŮЦǺǵĴӦˡ
㿴ǲӣεҡҡͷЩﻹ̫С̫֪Ů֮顣
濪ϣ֪òҪˡ

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ɱӯ޲ֱӶ֣ڵϳԲҶ϶Ȼ¥
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𣿡˵̾ˣòһûѴأ
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ˡҡͷɱһ˴磬˵ģ
ҪҲǰһڵĳҲڰϣڽĽһˡ
κβ˰ڣķҪɱĽĽĪ⣬Բġ
ĽͷѵãΪ޲ء
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Ľһۿ͸˼ӿ§ЦãСģ
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ðһҪֵģ˷ܵ
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ҲáĽûǿȷʵСԼ˵ΪǳһЩѾǾˡ
һֱز񣬿ܸǱ书ǽƷСġ
ûĴǿΪһҲѵס
§㾲˯һҹΡ

ڶ峿ĽͣסСԺΡ
ŮһƬ飬һҲûŮϲ׽ߴߴֳһƬ
ԭǿʵСޱ䣬ƳΪٻˣֱĽȣûڰɣá
˺ڰһ棬ԽȰһУ֪мĽһֱڣһСԺЩµȻôͬˣŷ顣
ĽˣԼµ״̬Ρ
ĳԽ쾫ɣƽʱ¾Ϳգ֪ĽڳԵޣǱоá
ԹĽСͤ￴飬ȻһЦʦã
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ĽЦСڰɣ
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㣬λĽ
Ůһд裬СͤԶĻ룬һϮۺ޶ˡ
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ƮߣƮӯëŶʣȴٶ죬ѲЦ빫ӣȲ裡
ĿòŮһӶһʵ΢Цл
Цл
˵˵ĽЦдڿһϡĶ÷ܲڡ
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ʦ㣬ǲ˵ˣʦ㸰ôɿԾһ˿м֮ѹɸм׿
ȷʵȲ裬ʹСҲܺȣԽԽǲлԼ
㵭΢ЦŶˡ
ŭĽӣҪˡ
üˣʦ㣬ҿǵ˺þã
ţǸհɡ㵭
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㵭һۣʦܣǲѣǶͷһԷӣҿⷹҲգ
¶ʵ΢ЦʦǲǾþˣ˼ˣ
ʲôУʹɣ
΢ЦҡҡͷʦھݳвٵɣǾţһë
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˴˱˴ˡЦʦ㲻Ҳ׽ҵŮô
û뵽ʦˣʵҴʧţҡͷ̾òŮЦҪʦϲɣ˲ˮĻɣʵڲϲɱ˰ա
ŮЦЦ
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òŮգһĵĽĿģ޲ɱĽһ㡣
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ҡͷ̾ôˣ湻ùģ

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š׵İɣʦ˵ɫһЩȴܺãɱˣŮ֮Σ
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ɫǺһ£ָֻ糣һ˿ЦݣʦĲ븰ˣ
üһˣôôҲѾ˵ôǵˣѣҲȥģ
ǺǡЦԼŭΣҡͷʦαرأ
ڰ֣ûʲô¾߰ɣһأ
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úãǵҪֵ̺ľѧҧҧЦ
ʦʦǶܼɵҪмֱ£


123 
Ľ΢Ц߳СͤĿյأŮߺ޵ĵŷ߽
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ڵĶĿһֱھݳǣͻȻķ˽֪ھŵӣΪ񣬺ųڵһ
ڲСҲʥô׷ɱ°Ȼŵܲˣ
֪ĽΪ񣬿£δܹʤ
˵Ŀ⣬ЩŭİɣƾʤӣߣΣ
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Ľվã΢Цֵǽ
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ĽЦڵĽһɣ
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Ľüͷһ£΢ЦڵĽȷʵһ㣬ģʮֲѵǽڵĽ
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Ľһ֪Լ˵ˣЦԭǽ֮һˣ
ڵ˽ڵĽ
ЦʦˣûڽԴģ
ԴĽüߵ뽣йӴǲǵĽһ֪
üõĵʦ㣬Ҳ߯Сˣ˵ʵǵĽȷʵǽڶ֮˾˵ǵ˽ڵĽǾ̫ˣ
˵úڹȻ޳ܣ¶ó
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ǨŭĽĺúʰĽһܵԩйϣǸһɫƣ

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ĽһǱײԽ
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Ľһ̣ĽһʧԽĽڶ
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úãЦС㣬պεģٽһУ
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УĽҡͷֵ̾ܣ̫ˣҪ˰ɣ㽣С㽻֣
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̾Ľǵ˻ɲΪշȷʵǽڵĽϧڴǰСӣһûвҡҡס
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ɫ˱䣬漴ؿھ˼£Ȼȥ˺һ֣գ
Ľ΢ЦǺã
ͣһĨ׹ŷһХѾڷϣûܶǻûӦ
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ɫ԰ףûһ˿Ѫɫ
Ľ˽΢Ц㽣̫Ҳûãǻȥúһɣ
Ľ㡭Ľ
ĽЦҵĽһ㣬ΨѣʱĽҿˣҲ٣
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ҡҡͷ̾˿԰׵ɫָ糣

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ʲôãڣûʲôϣҡͷ̾ʦ㣬û뵽
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ðĽЦŵͷҾĿԴˣ书ұɣһοûôˣ򲻹ң׽ȥŮ
òŮɫʱһ䣬ݺݵһ֮Ťͷˣһεˡ
һ汻̣ˣûҲûĽ΢ЦĿɶ񣬺޲һȭˡ
㵭빫ӣҿΪôģ
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˵Ϊԭţˡڰ֣ķа񣬿ụ̂Ůˣ
ʦˣǵķûôΪȻЦЦҲụ̂Ůˣ
߰գ̲סɱ㣡
ɱȴֲԼ֣һɱ˷һıԼδسԵ
ɽʱʦķԸҪӲӲܳǿյɱҪš
§òŮ̽һ壬ûƣ˿СӨҪɣ
ӣûҡòŮףߵǺܿɶһֱѨ
ȫȭʦ㣬ڣ
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ţͣ
ĽȻ֣һģ
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һ§ŮƮȻԽԺǽʧ

İƣ̾ӣĽ
÷ĽԼɽӲס󼸽׷꣬硣
ϧĶǹӣСˣ󵶣һǾͲһԼĻ򲻹
ŤͷŮλ㣬
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־ĿĽ֪Ľ书С۾ǳͷϵģһۣ
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ĽЦЦһ㣬㿩Цӣ书߾ǸҲ㿪۽ˣ
Ľһ۱㲻ˣС㣬ҵ
šף˼ܸӦ
ĽЦǾͺã͵ȴһɡ
ȥѶţ
˵뿪СԺĽ˸Цǲ˶䣬ɣ
ŮӦһǡ
ĽЦЦתСͤſһߴߴ˵ţһ
ڻԭʩչĽ˵һ˵һ䣬ܿ⼸нԭ̾ѡ
⼸нúܣϧֻܿͷ֣ʣµĻûʩչѾĽסˡ

ڶ峿Ľ˵һȥƣ㲻Ӱȴ֪ȥĵطŮˡ
ȴû취ԼǺʶģսȵǣɽһס
ȥƣʵ˵ڣȥƣԼֺܲŤ
ĽɽڣȴƣȻһСԺСԺһɫװ⾲ˣѩ
էһ֣⾲˱㷢ˣæͣ½ŤЦ磬
Ľˣأ
Ŷʦѽɽ⾲˵
Ľɫһ䣺ɽ
⾲˵ͷѽǲɽҪ£Īʦһء
ɽĽһ𣿡Ľüʡ
⾲ͷҸʦ˵
Ľߵɽ
´󼱣ԼħٺҪˣؼʱɽ
ŭȴΣΪûħ¸˵ҲģԲɽ
磬ôˣ⾲˿ɫãСһ䡣
ԭ̽ɿɫܵˮΧĿ·ˣóȻˡ
ĽһˣǺʱµɽ
糿⾲СĻش
Ľüȥ
֪ء⾲ҡҡͷҿʦİͦģҪһӡ
Ľͷã֪ˡ
⾲æ磬ҪҪҴѶʦ㣬ߵ㣿
Ľһ֣ˣȥҰɣ
⾲˳һ£Сĵʣҵõ
Ľͷڰһʧǰ

ĽļѪδӦûû⣬Լ壬ؼʱһ壬Ȼܹȥ
һ룬ǲܰħϢɢȥҲܸߣǴ鷳
һƾŸӦһ³һƬ峿ָʰң׼
ĽէȻ֣¶Цݣһۣҡͷѡ
˵֣׷߯˰ɣĪҵǺЦ
лҡͷ
ĽЦҪ
ǲ˵ĪҵҡͷЦֿм£
ĽҡͷɫȻһ䣬
šĪҵһҲɻ
Ľָͷǰʾ˵ˣ
ʲôˣĪҵ죬ȴû
Ľü߲ơ
΢ȴǶС
֡Īҵɻüҿһۣܣһ·ۣ֪ǵ٣


124 Σ
峿Ŀ£˿˿һɴ·
ʹôҲԶĪҵЩɻ󣬰ŰɣȴŲɡ
Ľǰ磬ˣ
Ľҡͷ̾˿һ˰ա
һˣȻź촽ǶԸǵ𣿡һѽ
ʵ벻ʲôôʦԸԼ᲻ŪˣҴˣ
Ľҡͷٺˡ
ٺ󣿡üᶯһ£ͷ¶Ȼ飬֪Ľħһֱء
ͷĽĳעĻ׺һէһһ
Ľǿ˺ģһҪ׽ǵģ߰ɡ
磬һٶߵõ
ĽüһĻһ˲ƱˣĸˣĪҵǸǰʾ˲ơ
һҪĸˣֻӲƴˣһٶγɵİΧȦѾˣѲսߡ
Ľһ£󡣡
磬Ҫ
Ľȥ
Īҵչ֣ô£
ĽһٶٺӰΧǸ֣ǵٺйأ
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ĽüǾ͹ˣ˲ô࣬ңǳȥ
ñ֪ԼħǻΪʸ֮ģ¼ħĶ಻ʤ
ãĪҵԥĵͷ
лҲչĵͷ¶˷顣
ҪԼ˶һٸٺĸ֣׶༪٣Ľʮ㡣
Ľܾٺһ֮Ƕ

ߣĽȱˣ
á˵ͷĽ󣬽ϢƮһ˳ס
˽Ų䲻һˣҲжʮˣʱĽҴӶ߳壬ϣ
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Ľڰ֣һ׷ǵģҪסֻܣ
Ƶ磬һ˳𣿡
֪һǽ˶ȥ˵׿һһ٣붼˾
ĽЦҪʱӵ
뵽Ľ˲֮ܣһǿǼʹ䵽ϣҲġ
Ľͷţ֪ˡ
ĪҵļͷСģ
˵Ʈߣת۹ʧҰ漴һХ׹쳹ء
Īҵ̾ܣʦãˣҪġ
ƵͷţҪҪץסᣬȻĻԲסˣ
ãȱ𶯣ĪҵȻڰ֣˶ϣĪҵҡ
˵УΪĿΪҶΪһ壬ҲԼ¶Ŀ硣
Ƭ̹ߺ漴ǹЦЦԶȥֱʧĸû
κĪҵƮ£ӦòҪˣߣ
ߣǽ˻Ϊĵ̣ƮƮ϶ȥת۹һ·
ٺ١һЦʮȻһȺˣʮˣĸ
ǡĪҵüγ
ͷһߣݶΣһɽ±ߵˣǻ־ܰɣذ׷ѹ򣡡
ĪҵߵԭרŶԸǵģ
üë˪ЦǷĸλ
üߵٺԽԽϢˣ
֪ԼΪ˶Ը磬Ϊħ
߳ߵλǶֻ֣İɣô˵ҲɽĽܣɱǣ
Īҵߵǵţɣ
˫ЦɽڵûͶ
ߺһǺãͿǵı°ɣ֣

ĪҵΧһȦһνƣӭĽ⣬һƬ
ĸӣȫһƬ磬ֵ콣ʴһʱ֮䣬ٺ޿κΡ
ãã˪üЦɽĽܣȷʵмֱ£ˣ
ǡʣµļһȥʱܸĪҵЩԽԳŵס
˪üüߵһȺ
һ˽һ⣬䵽ĪҵǰĪҵһģ뽣
飡˪ü͵һ£졣
Īҵû뵽ôĽȻһУһûһƣʱ˳ȥ
ĪҵνʣڿлӽסԼ콣֣䵽Ȧ⡣
Īʦߣƽȵ
лȵĪʦֿߣ
˱֣γһ֮ƣԵסĽ⣬Ѿó壬׼ˡ
ߣĪҵ͵һ䵽һŽȦסˣ
ΪԱֻתӭսܿ䵽·磬ĪҵĽǿǲбЩ֧Ųסˡ
ĸٺתΧסĪҵ˶ʱһᣬѹټࡣ

Īʦ֣ߣƺȵ
ߵĪʦ֣һһߣ
İɣǵסлȵȥţ֧һӣ
ĪҵҡͷͣѹٺӴһٺӹǿס
˪üԭ˳սȦǻսʱĪҵ˷Цһɽڵӵмֹ
һĪҵһ£ҪĪҵʰˣߺȻһЦ֣
ʱһۣǰ緭תȻ顱һ䵽ϣæ̧ͷȥֻһĨӰ˸ڽУȻǡ顱ͣһٺӷɳȥ
ĽһĨ磬ת˲ӹˣʮٺӻɣ˵ߣ
Īҵ˵лĻæĽ󼲳ۣת˲ʧʮٺǰ
֣书Īҵ̾
ĽЦĪֵܣĿ࿴ţ
Īҵæڰ֣ɲҹأǲһ
ɿĪҵһֱǳǸҲ߯ˣǾòڡ
Ľתͷ˼ۣɿһǷˣҪǣߣ
˵һתͷæϡ
Ľִ䣬ٶȶļӿ죬ó̵ıߣĽ
ԼܳʮĽŷŻٶȣЦǰˣƣҪȥ
Ƶ磬Ҫȥߡ
ȥߡĽü룬ҡҡͷ
ƿһĪҵˣ߳һزأҪȥ١
زأĽȻ
ƵһĹء
Ľͷֵָģ
š˵һǧǰһλֵĹأš
һǧ겻ʧˣĽЦ
ҡͷ˵λδأҲڣѲ⣬ҪŪˡ
Īҵǿ˵ˣװûҹΡ

ڴǰʱǿпĽһξǣ˵ҪܣĽˣ֪Ҳ֪ˡ
ĽͷҪʶһˡ
һȥɣһ
Ľҡҡͷɣһ£һӰɣҸ·죬Ƕܵ
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ĽͷǺðɣҹЩȥ˵׷ǣǿЩ·ɣ
治ȥƲĵʡ
ĽЦܲȥƣһһ׷ǵġ
Ǻðɡε̾
Ľڰ֣Īֵܣֵܣлֵܣڣ
˱ȭĽƮƮʧ
ȻĽʧķһź촽һԲһ
ȿȡĪҵ˱˴ʹɫ
Ťͷ
ĪҵæʦãʱˣҲóˣζְæ
̾˿
ĪҵŵǸæˣһֱǣزصһȥģŶһ¾ܼˣ
Ǿǣæͷһ²ָ֮䡣
Īʦ֣ʦ֣֪ˡЩ˼ĵͷǿЦһ£µȻþòɢ

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Ůں԰æӭȥЦӣ׹ȥˡ
Ľüʲôʱ򣿡
ʱ򡣡˹Ц˵ˣܲ¶أù㲻صġ
Ľˣ
ѽǸڶˡͷ
ԭ֪ЩŮȴǶĿ֮ͨʿЩһҲ֪ʥڵĻ
ƽʱϣֲͬĽŮĽڵȻˡ
Ľüţ֪ˡ
ǲҪ׹Ц
Ľ֣ˣЪһЪǱֵ̫ӡ
ġæͷ
ĽһСͤ￴ߴߴ˵Цһǧġ
ǻ廨ţȻϣȻΣǳգյ֬ϣʲôһͨ
ʱ֣Ϧ£ձȾ˺ɫ
СԺƣ룬̬أСͤĽ棬ü̾
ĽЦǶˣ
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˵εҡͷ͸һ˿ŭ
ǰΣӰӣͲˣڵ˹
ЩƽʱǱ˴ȥϰ˵ģ˭Ҳ˭᲻ܷڣδоʱڡ
˼϶֣ݳǵĵ̣з紵ݶǾ֪
ϧ΢˵ãû

Ľ
һһϡ
ĽЦطױ¶ģ׼ʱ֣
εĵŪϳλãٶ֡
ĽüͷһЦ㲻֪ô
һֶ׷ܹ֮Ӧλá
̾ǲţ˵λδϳλãһŪˣڻ֮ززҵǾˡ
Ľһ£ͷ⵹޿ɺǡ
εĵҲû취˵òû˶ˣǶЩأ˵С
Ľü룬ûʲô⣬̾Ҫȥ̽һ̽ɣҵλá
æֵ𶯣ǵ£ƫƫ͵ǲعܣ
ĽܵĻջΣڵΣҿȥɡ
ҡͷҾ˵Ҳţǲң
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ûǵһŭԱ
ĽЦҡҡͷҲЩŭˣ䵭ʲô¶ںôգɼһôݡ
飡պȻըһ̻ѹյĺϼݳǶܿ
ǣһվ磬ǵѶţ
Ľüˣ
Ӧڣ磬ǵþˣ
ĽǲڵⲻͶ
æ˶ڴϣ磬ǸϽȥɣ


125 
Ľ
󡪡硪㽿Ŀյ̻ŽŴߴ٣ˣ
ĽС㣬̻һڸǲǶȥȣ
ǵȻƽʱһѶҲԥľԮ˭Ҳɵģ
ĽǺãȥȣǲȥҲգǴĸֱΪڵģʵۺ񣬲
æǵһӲܸϹȥ
ĽЦЦشϵĶǶ֣һûɣ
ǡü
ĽǴõĻᣬȥڵѣ
磬Ҫæ
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ѾͷĻݣȥ˲ֺ÷һ鷳û뵽ƫƫ޷˵ȥˣɲ
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ҪֱӳڵѣǼʹҲûϾ˹ܿܣֶβҪ
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Ľε̾ðɣȿǲֵĻֱȥѣ
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Ľ§֫һʧĽԾݳǺˣ˵ĵط֪˸Ѿ˰ߡ
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һֻĴͣںģԱһеȴСĴŴɶԶ沨
󴬻ζһȦȦӰ󣬽˸ɷ֡
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һˣҵʹˣ
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һֻС֮ܿ쵽˴󴬱ߣʮɣСϵĸ䵽ϣνսš
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˽˳УȻ¥⣬Ȼ¥ƻͨ
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ĽЦ֣һۣڵĹâ£ʣսġ
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СûãĽȻһǰͷһ̽һϢ¡
ĽһǽڣȻһƬ̺֣߰ɡ
ɿ֪ǰڣԼϵҲ湻СĵģԼ黹ǲţ
ܾŸӦǰĽβʱ˸ʧٳ֣ǰ˰ڡ
ӽС￪ʼ߳һףĽѾʮڣԽƶڵϳˡ
Ľоһ·ϵİԽԽ书ǳϢĽ

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Ľ¶Цݣͷ
һ£һܣʱһ̻ҹţãݳǶƵü
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̾ĪҲˡ
С룬ʱأԱһ˳ߵ
ͷЦҪǵѱϾʦ㲻ذ׷˼ˣͶˣǾʦ㣡
ЦһŤͷٿ
ĽЦֵ书úܣڣ׼ڣ
ĽЦЦ˵ɣһмⶫҿôܲ
ǺǡЦҡͷῪЦ˰ˣ֪򲻹㣬ֻܴһˣˣʮһϣۣ
ʮĽ
ĽƮƮˣڰʱ͡ХͣһСʯͷ䵽ϡ
˷ɳȥ˳˼ԣƴ賤Уǽɣ˷ɡ
Ľ䵽ǽϣһҲûܸϣڵĽʯ壬ת
ɫ΢䣬һϣˣ
Ľôʯӣӻ֣һԶת۰ΧסеͶеĻӽ壬廨š
ĽӽĽңת۵ǰ̽һС
飡޷֮ķ˳ȥ
ڿһѪǰһǱȥ˹ͷ
һԾӯ׺ڿһ̽׽ס֮󳤽һָ߳ס֣Ȼɱ
˶ʱһͣ˺ȻŤͷΣ¶Σ̾˿
ɫ԰ףЩʱȻӿһѪǿº̧ͷ㣬ȻһЦһͦ
㷴ӦɴŷĺϽ⡣


126 ջ
ͣ

һХ㳤ɳȥӹûۼһԶĽ
ղĽʯӻɳ
ɫ΢䣬һŭĵ㻹ˣ
Цʦ㣬䵽زˣ
ߣûôףһۣѨ
Ľһ·⣬ƮƮ
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Ľƴͷ־ͱ
˶ʱͣס¹һãĿ⺮ɭɭ˰㿴Ľ㡣
ĽЦЦڵ֧ɣ䵽ϣʲô취
ģΣһ̤ǰһȵ
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Ľ˵Ҳһħʶһ£
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ΣЦмĵ˼һҲֲħİɣ
ĽüëǺЦûֵǮȴţ
ģ㲻ǲ֪ħǵڵĸ򲻻ЭģС㿴Űɣ
ĽüĿһһӹˣ⻰٣Ťͷֵܣħڣ
Ѩһ½⿪ЦЦĽԭħڵҰĲСۣ
ĽЦЦҵһ˽İˣҶħͦģʶһ
΢Ʋų΢Цǳ룡
ĽüʩչͨӷԺ֪ħԪ֣ҲһҲá

ŤͷĽ֪Ǻá
ĽҪ˵Ȼתϱߣ¹Ʈʮˣۣ̤ŷƮƮӹת䵽ǰ
ĪʦһæǰһС߹
ĽϵСߣŸɰͰ͵ģһܴȴǽڵԪϣĪһ
ţ׽˭Īһ
ڵľӢӣԹԻشĽƣ˵ߣ΢Цʮ֡
ʮ˶ǸڵĶ֣ɫƣȻǴӺӱ߹ģǸնɹѹء
һѣһѻأԸǵùͷóİӡ
ʥڶԼûʲôøУڱ΢ΪԼļ룬עһʵлĻҪġ
ĪһףŶӢӣԸ
٣Ȥ治ɫЦͶǣǵĵǻǴǱ߹İɣǲǳˣ
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Īʦʧе
ĪһŤͷһۣô
㿴һ۵ڵķָָ棬ĪʦҪЮǰһأ
Ѿը˹ɫǺ죬˫۷飬ӽϣһˣԼʮһΧ
ĪϾ˵νΧˣΪɱ˷Ƕ׼˲ʮΧ
Ľһ˺ñҲ˹ˣȴĽɵĻƮƮȦӣڰ֮С
硭ЩߣһûӦµĽܷӦȴûֹ
ĽҡͷǸ
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ĽЦĪʦҲţǲӲ»ͲӲأɱ˷йһ£
ߣһֱ

ι󣬿ĽͣͣһֱӰʣ磬ʲôأ
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㣿üɣ
Ľҡҡͷ֪أ˵
ĴܣȴСǽӰ£Ϣģһ˾һᱻš
Ľ֣Ȼӣݶ֮ƮƮУת۹һСӰ²š
סϢĽ
æʩչϢ֮ĽⷨţһϢ˸о
Ƭ̺΢Ʈ𣬴ԶԽԽϢΧΪһ壬ڰӰ
κ֮һ˳֣¹֮£֮ˣֶնյһԲڴˣ֮ˣһ̣ΪԵ̫ȱͶ
ССۣмֿЦһźˣԼʮ꣬Щš
Ųӯȫʱֻ΢ƮèһСﴩУתǰûӰˡ
飡ĽȻ֣߱ġ
һ½ԭأһĽһ·Ѩ
߰ɡ
Ľߣǰһ㣬磬Ϣèת۹򴩹СӱߣԾһС
Сһյƣƻ΢ϵķһ㡣
ЦȻӣ׹
ʱˣʡ
ǱӻģһֱأЦһָԲߣӣ˭ѽ
ʣĽڰ֡
ϡӦһ𳤳һţС˿ȥת۽˺ġ

Ľ߷ŵȻϥ£΢һӡʳָüλãһ
һ߳ŴһߺĿĽҲĪĽ֣أҴš
Ľɫɲ԰ףѪɫʵúܿ죬ŮľϢĶԽᣬСе
һյʱǸоĽֽ֣һӡڵλãһ
԰׵ɫûлֵָϢһյ裬Ľ۾ɫԾɲ԰ûѪɫ
磬ôˣæʡ
ĽҡҡͷЦҪŪһˣ
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ĽЦôȴ󣬿ϧˣþˣ
ӣѻһֻһΣʡ
ĽͷţһһΣС㣬϶ҪƹܵڵĲȨ
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ۣ̾򣡡ôǮլѽ
ĽҡͷЦЦҲôϢլ񲻸ã
ѽѽæĵͷüЦӣһӰɣҰ㿴ţ
ĽЦãһңһҺۡ
лӣЦ绨ġ

ü磬˵Ҫ̣
ĽЦɵѾͷ㻹һ˵ѽɣ
ðɡͷܾ˲̫ãһպ֪ˡ
֪֪ĽЦ˭̡
ʦεĵ
飡һ죬ըһѩ̻ȴһ״ڿоþòɢ
ҪҪȥʡ
˵ʵ뿪ﲻһӹúܼˣ˶ȥˡ
ڵѶţмܲסˣкͬ顣
ĽЦǹȥ
һ֮Ҳûʲôڵϳڵ˸ľǴ̽ϢԶ֡
ԺϢҪȥôﻳɡ
˵ֱ̫һ֮Ļ᲻ȥմ֡
ĽŤͷԸ㣬ҿʯͷ˳ȥ
ʱ
ĽСɣͷһźϵŮûһҲаʮ
ôɶ񣿡ʱɴ
Ľͷûö϶Ǹ̬˲ٵĺùһٱ鶼ˣ
ǣӣһȥģߵ
ĽЦһ£§㣬̤Уص֮󣬽ŷӣת۹ֻصϳ
ϳƻͨһƬ⽣Ӱɭɭ˻սһš
һƬĽɨһۣԼʮڵģһʮˣӲ֡
Ľһ֣ʱ˻Ž˹˸ֱҪ
С㣬ɱաĽҡҡͷ佣һһͣȥ

Ҫ֣ѾˣĽĽ̫죬ʮ˳
˷ԴԴϵĳֻˣڵĵӣеĳĽ㣬еĳĪһǡ
Ľҡҡͷǵ̫ˣдˣ
ĪʦǸǶ֣Щ㹻ˡ
ϻȺءĽһʱˣ༸˶ˡ
ԽԲ죬٣Щ˵ĽС裬һȥ
㿴£ҲˣС
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ĽʮڵӣվԭزΧһȦˣһ򣬵µڵǰµĲ࣬סˡ
ĽʮΧסĽ㣬Զҿ̫ȴҲˡ
ĽҡҡͷԶĪһǵɱǽҲǻߣΪ񽣷ס
ĪһĽĸ߲סһٶУһһϡ
˵Ĭ֮£Īһ̫࣬ǿסΧˡ
Īһ书ˣԶʤڵӣɼܲס˶࣬ס֮ҪѣԾܴüңȴˣˡ
üһ磬ҪҪһѣ
Ľҡͷ˷鷳ǽȥ
㿴ĪһǣĽĻĽߣʮ˽ŵĸסˡ
Ľǰվסҡҡͷûˡ
ڴʱһϺĽŤͷȥʮƮƮ¹ʮֻ

ĽͷһԪڵ˫۾۹â˲ֱӡ
ĪģǺôĵӣԪƮȻأЦһҴţг
ĪһЦԪڵĩգ
ðҵҪмֱ£ԪЦγѩĳ
ĽֽһĨɫ֣עĻѷ֡
Īһɫ΢䣺ڤ
ԪνָĪһڤþòѪˣǼ
ĪһСģڤħԵҪƴˣ
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Ľ¶˷飬˫۶ıųһ˿âȥû˷ͨʩչ˼£ȫԪԺ
ǵõħԦʹھҪͷѵãͨ߶˼£ﵽ֮壬굽ԪϣԼͻΪԪһжۻ


127 þ
ٺ١ԪȻһЦϵЦ죬ͬһˣɭɭģԭķȻͬ
㣬Īһ֪ʹħ΢ɫء
ĪһԵģɣ
ⶸȻһ䣬ΧæˣͬˣȻ˲Լڵӡ
ʮһ»ϵһ°Χ
硭æŤͷĽĽԭͲ԰׵Խ԰ˣһɫĿ
ʧɫе磡
ĽҡҡͷЦҲҪġ
磬ô£æ׽ס첲̽һ࣬鸡֮ס
Ťͷȥʮ˰ΧǣǱһºѰġ
ң¼ܰǺֺ֮
ɻĽ磬ô£
ĽЦѻķɣû뵽ô󣬲ûʲô£ȥͺˣ
磬˰ɣԪħʤ˵߰ɣ
ƽʱƢʱӣؼʱҪȥģĽˣһ£֮ǡ
Ľһж᲻ãĽҪ
Ľҡͷ˵
磬ħһңĪʦǡ
ĽüʱӦ㵽Ԫᶯħɣ
û뵽ءҡͷüʦ˵ԪħˣĻħᷴɣ
ħɻΣĽæʡ
ħһ治֪ʹƣҲ֪˶Ī
ħɵĻΪū
ūĽü˵ħƣ
šҲʦ˵ģû˵ΪūǲҲԣɼĲͣɱ¾һһɱ
Ľüħǿɱ¾ǿġ
˼ĵͷа

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һйݣǱ֮ĽڲħĿƣղʩչͨħɷײʶħ
֪Լһħ֣ǺѵסԼǿޱȣɱϾֻԼãħǧɷƽʱڣһ߶ܵ
һٺն콣ֱͣľ棬סջûն콣ңҪûסԼѾ˽ū
Ը̾ܵסʥħ֪Ǻ˴֮̾ţҲǿɺޣħΪ䡣
Ԧھ̫ؼǼԦħΨһ뿿ԼǿľΪǿмԦаʤ
ǰʩչ֮ͨϣõ˼Ԧħ֮
ٺ١ЦУԪһĪһǰ֮һĪһˣԪ㾹ħ
ɣԪЦ
ƺҪ׷ĪһȴһתһԱһߣĽϵԪڵĻˡ
ĻԪڵĳϣƽʱɽ¶ˮһֱԪڱչؿޣΪ񽣷
ɱһЩӦһĳӣʱԪ뵽˵Ԫٶħ˼䣬û뵽Ԫ˽ƻ̫졣
ĻǿŤ壬Ŀڵһ͸磬Ѫע
ҽһӣ翨סԪ΢һ£Ļ򣬴
ĻεĺˣܿԪĽ̫졣
µĿԪתüҪħˣҪɱųɣ
ǣҪɱĪһ
ԶǴȣһ֣
ĪһǱΧסҪӦԪҪӦˣһʱ֮æңܿˡ

磬ô죿㽹Ķš
ĽüħȻ
㳶һ粻ܳǿȥ
ĽЦȥȥأһҰԪ
ɡҡͷץ첲ˣٶ֣һиô
Ľڰ֣С㣬ûôٲ֣ǡ
һֱקӣɡ
ĽΣһ³ʱһХ˰ɽӿ
ΪһЩģʱҡΣĵ£ХڽǰͰԵ֮
ХԽԽͳǳʣֻ˶߹ĵѪӿ糱ˮ֮䣬
ΪһЩĽ֣ӿ룬ХȴĵѪֻһЩ
Х֮£ԪҲֻ˹ֵĽʱķӣԸħֻһš
ҡҡͷ̾ⷨӲУƲħ
Ľħɷɷ壬Ȼǿֹ£һЩطܴ߷ǱﵽͬЧ
ħھһʩչħһĽͲħˣ֮
ĽԸ½ħһȣԲһأһն콣ȾͲС
ĽΪʤԪһʩչŵʨӺסħԪı֣ǿסˡ
ùХͣЪ
ĽɿɫԽĲ԰ףɫŨһ֡
硭㵣ĵĿ߰ɣĪʦǴðɣ
Ľͷٰ̾æҲˣ߰ɣ
Īһ˱һȭǸȻ΢ЦĪʦһ
ĪһҲѪӿ΢ˣĽģ֪ˣĪһȥɣ
ĽƮˣԪĿӶ

Ľ㵽˰ߣվڴͷţǹæС
Ľ˴˻Σ㿴Ľʱɫæǰӣ
ĽڰֵСֵģˣ
ַ̫Сƾ书ˣ
ĽنɣҪ˹ˣ
˵Ž˴ϥϣһֻ첲һ첲æӣǻȥ𣿡
Ľҡͷȵȵȿؿ
æӣ㻹Ҫѽôص
Ľڰֱ֣ӱ۾ʼ˹ˣ˵꣬һʱѻָ
ʱѻʱɫ԰ףֻαװΪ̫װӰ
ʩչͨõԪħԦʹھˣûü񣬱ħɷˡ
ħûóȻն콣ȻĻħħơ
һʩչľһߴ֮۹ԶΣĪһǵս
㿴ˣ˳˴գվһߴͷ˹
Ľһʩչľһ֮۹ƣʱţǱߵԽңĪһǶˣ书ǿᣬټӦԪʹˣҲ᧿Σ
ĪһȻ󷢣֪ʩչʲôѩޱȣһʱסԪѷѽ⡣
ĽüӦǽڵһط帺ɼʱ䲻ܳ־ãţ༸˽Ŵ߶ط£֣ѹԪĽƣƴҲҪɱԪ
Ԫܿˣ簤һĪһͬھܾ£Īһؿڰһ
ԪȻЦתߣȫӣתۼʧҹɫ
˼״εҡͷڵɢ˷ߣʥû˼׷ɱĪһ

ĽȻڣС㣬ȥ˵ܾĪʦһ
磬Īʦæ˴գæʵ
Ľ۾̾˿Īǰ˺أǡԿ
תҪߣȻͣסŤͷɿɴˡ
ĽˣһӰˡ
ðɡ룬εĵͷƮ뿪С죺ӣôĸʲôѽҲδ飡
Ľܼܲȡ
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šĽ
ӣڵ˶ʰô
ˣزܳˡĽͷ
̾ǴأݳǴ󲿷ֵ¥ڿģǻˣ
Ľüͷһ£ĵλҵģǶԾݳǱˣ׻Щˣ
Сھݳǳ󣬿һ˵ŷԼԾݳǸ˽⣬Զš
ĽͷǶѧѧ
ӣҪҪҲôһط
ʲôĽʡ
ЦĿͨɲѽӣҲһרѼϢĵطɣҲܿһҾ¥ѽ
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ʱüЦӦ
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ĽĪǰϴɣ
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Ӱվ˶ʮˣĶ֣ɴ̫Сݲ£Ƕվڰ߹ơ


128 
ĻգĽֽεĵСΣ
ĽɫƲ֮Σ˵̫ˣʱҪˣʵЩΪˣԼȱԼΪҪ
ĽҡҡͷҪ
Ļҡͷεĵܰ
ĽĪһϥԼ˫ƴĪһģʵǰɱԪ
ˣĻЦ
Ľü˵ħģħô
Ļͷ̾ҿħˣ
Ľ֮
Ļҡͷ̾ħɣΨѡ
Ľüǰɱ¾ҪϽɱУ
Ļҡͷ̾˿һħøթգӲƴסѣ
Ľֻɱˣ
Ļ̾˿εĵɱˣһҲǳ󻼣ħʧأٲǣ
Ľüһ£ȻֱֱĻǰľɣ㵽Ԫ񣬲һеĴ߶ħ
ĻҡͷʦܲˣԭƽϣԪҶħû뵽ˣ
ʯ١Ľδħ֮ɱǣɱзӲħ
ħܡĻҡͷҿӣѾħħΪɿ
Ľ̾˿ҡҡͷ鷳ˣ
ţŵӶҪСˡĻͷء
ħʧǳɷӣΪħͷ飬ɱΪ֣սթԶʤˡ
ɱ¾ʥڣĻһĺ֪ôӦԣʥڵӾԪ֣ɽϵĵӶΣա
ĽǰȸѶɡ
ţȥ졣ĻͷĪͽˡ
ĽͷҾΪ
ǺãĻҴ뿪

ʱ󣬴ﴫС㣬ɡ
ļ٣æգĽǴѪʱ磬ôˣ
Ľһ֣ҲҪĪǰްˣȥһӾͺá
治ҪˣǰɿüҲ̫ϧԼˣ
ĽЦЦĪǰͳȥɣˣ
ðɡ㻹˵䣬ƽĽֲˣֻܳ˴кϵˣæĪһ
ĪһԾɻţɫϢƽȣһ֪ǰȻû֮Σ
ƮȻ˴еĽ䣬ΪڣڵĽΪĪһģɸоǸȻ
Ľ΢ЦԶԣ뿪վ滤ˣſСء
һ̣Բ⣬żƮƻͨ˿ڶ
Χ֣ĽСԽԵðϢУǵӰȴû´
Ľ´ɡ
ҡͷЦһûزأòá
磬Ͻģûĵ
ҲһۣԹƴֲԼ£
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ŮСƮ˰ҪСԺȥСԺУ¹¿壬ֻܿԱߵСԺǵģԭûլԺһ㡣
ףĽȻͣסɫٱ䡣
磿æʡ
Ľ첲һ˺󣬴ԼȽȥ
ӣôʡ
Ľҡͷ齣ӳѩɢˮ⻪ᶶˮԣĽɫ֣أһһߣ
Ե֣أٶ˵ͷá

Ľգ
ٺ١һЦĴ漴Ӻڰ߳Ԫˮӳ¹⣬ϣϵЦݣŹֶĺ˫ɭɭ޸顣
ŮһЦݣëһ
û뵽ĽҡҡͷҲ߯Ƶͷһң
ԪɭɭЦһٺ٣ɱһֵˣ
Ľָɱ֮࣬ɷ֮أʥȷʵԶԼûһǧҲа˰١
иķΪɷԳ˸о㣬ûɱˡ
ĽԭˣǾͶְɣ֪ħǺ֣
ġԪٺЦһһѵĽؿڣĽбһܿһӰһ
ԪϣĽͣĺˣһ䵽·硣
׹Ƚȥ
㿴һѣѹȴһ£Ľ䵽·磬æ
ǹӹԶأǸϽȥӲҪģ
ˡü
ǹˣҲﲻæ׸ȽԺ˵ɣòã
εĵͷ˵
СԺƮԺǽϹƣĽʱһǣԪһţһ˿ơ
һüͷһѽ
ڵܲ̾ѾħˣǴ硭
˵ҡͷѣһġ
ǹ򲻹һ
ţ򲻹ġͷǱħƵģúܣˡܲ˻ɡ
ǿô졭üͷ˼
㿴üȻúЦҡͷ򲻹ҲӵõҪġ
ѽʱ¶ЦݣܵıܵУ

˵ŻĹ򣬡һƬֻһƬ
ĽȻϺһý
ٺ١ԪЦһȻһ䣬Ī⣬ͻһ˷ʤ
̾Ľ
Ҳɴʲôѽаţ
⽣䣬ɭɭĿܣת۲ȴֹĽİΣ
ĽĽ֮һ䣬׾򵥣ȴ׼ȷס䲻ĽУ˺ֹܿʮС
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ʮĽҡҡͷٻᣡ
˵һʮ⣬䵽˺̤źˮƮƮУת۹Ʈӡ
Ԫŭߣٽ֮żںһ㣬ܿ׷ĽĽһһʧ
ԶԪһŭ𣬺ףСĴ׷𴬵ƣǴ˯оѡ
磡㾪ϲе
ĽվߣҡͷЦԪ
㲻Ҫɣæ´Ҳȥ
ĽЦܵÿ죡ǰҪСˣ˶ڣӦûʲô󰭡
ԸˣͷЩ˰ɣưոݵģһҴ磡
ĽЦţ
ڰ֣ȥϢɣҪˡ
֪Ȥ뿪ˡ
磬ҪҪҰһѣ
Ľ¶Цݣð
֪Ľһط˹ޣ˵Чƽʱɬˣͬ˲Щˡ
ĽЦ§صݣ˵齿ʼˡ

ڶ峿ʱ֣԰Ľ㶼ˬ
ӣ˺´Ľ̾һء
ĽɫװЦ
ӵ˷ء̾ôصˣһϾͺˣ
̾ţˣɾ֣࿴ۣ죬绨㣬ҿʲô
ɻĿֿĽ
Ľ㣬ҿһ͵û͵дһ£
ЦӣҾһ¸У
˵ĹŮƮȻĽڿʽĴչ
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˵һǾܳȥһԪһҪʰڵӵġ
æͷԪַ˿
Ľаܣҡͷû͵Ҳûڷܣɳɲ˸֣Բ˿ࡣ
ǣӣһŬġæĴӦ
ĽΪĸǴˣպܳΪ֣Ҳá
һХĽü֮һ´򿪣׷ХԪ
Ľüæɣ
Ľͷæʣʦǣ
šĽͷ
ʦһӦܵס
ĽЦҪǲȥ
æҡͷˣȥҲסҾʦһɱﵡ
ĽЦСˡ
һХķȴˣƴҲˣĪʦѾ御ҪǴ书ԪһӲԼĪ꣡
ҡͷ̾ԹʦҲǵģƫƫ϶ֻ֣Щ˹ֳԪ˿񣬾治ʰ
Ҫһɳϰˣѹ֮ڣˣһʲô飬˸оǲ
Ľ磺ǸɨǰѩɣʦĻ
ţˣͷ


129 
ǽĽСͤһɵĶ˲͹Ϲڡ
Ľһۣû˵
Цӣβ˰ɣ
Ľ˵ʲô
æЦҪǹߵĻһ£
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ѽæĵͷҪǴһˣԼԺӣܵġ
Ľ³ǳ˶ֵĺô
⼸죬ŮСԺദüãˮܴһֵζ
Ľһ£æĸڡ
ðɣߵĻʹ㡣Ľͷȥڣ
лӣʱüЦҲˣһԾ˳ȥŮ˵ȥˡ
ĽҡͷЦЦͷŶ顣
ʱ̫̣˽ⲻһлͶ飬ͨ˽硣
飡մһ죬Ȼһ׻֣⻪ãʹɼһڿС
Ľüεҡҡͷ̧ͷȥɫ˱䣬ƮСͤ磡
Ľһ֣ţðɣҹȥ
磬ʦһβȣΣˣ
ĽЦЦܲȣȥˣ
һʧСͤ·գŮṦ̾һ⡣
Ľһһլ֮Ϳ⸻ûʵĴլԺһǸ˼ӡ
ĻסʱҲǼõڻ
ʱԺﵶ⽣Ӱ죬Ԫ棬һ˶ĻʮռϷ硣
Ľһ³֣ĻǣæСοһħˣУ
ĽγѩӳƮƮһ̣ԪĻ˲䵽ĽǰһҪȽ
Ľһ˿ĻǵУĻæӽֵĽʱΪһ

ǶǱԶһĽö
Ľһ߻ӽһߴΧ֪ǻߣʥڵĶ֡
ǰô£Ľʡ
Ļҡͷ̾εĵû뵽ԵôǶסһˣҹ
Ľã˶࣡
ǰȻĻҲȣĻ޺޺ߵ
Ľǻ𣿡
Ľ˼ʥڸֵȫҲûʲôˣޡ
Ļ̾˿һЩ˹ڰģֻǶˣ
ĽüȻڰ
ҪʲôеζĿĻڣԶֿԻ߱ɸڰͲһˡ
ѵҲõڵıأħ
ħûôУûԦھõҲûãǰ裬ԪὫԦھȥġ
ѵﻹ˭֪Ԧھаյõھ
һ˲乤ǧ˼άĽԺת̳ͣĽԪؾȣŪܡ
ԪԾɴǹЦݣĿɭ飬ûĸ飬ֱֱĶĽ
ɭɭĿⶢţʲô˶ڣĽȴɫ΢Ц
Ԫٺ١Цжļӿ죬һУƺߣ˰˽
ԪĽ̫죬ּżֹ죬˷ʤʮвͨģ㰤˽
ĽŤͷˣǼѪȪӿɿûд󰭣ôȥԪܵóѡ

ģԶȻȣʮƮƮޱȣգ䵽˽ǰ
Ԫٺ١Цһתһ˴լʧ
ʧĻȴû׷ϵ˼ʮȴݣҪȥ׷ȴĻס
ͷü԰׵ߣɫӴԵЩݶСƫƫӡ
ģôˣԸĺߵ
ĻҡͷԵħܵס㲻ˣǻɡ
Եħˣü
ţˣȻ䣿ĻһŤͷڵϵߣϡ
ҪСμʱˣĻҡͷ
ŤͷһĽǺЦСΣˣ
Ľȭ΢ЦǰҵԺӽǰһԪһܶԸˣǵԶˣ
ϵ˵ڳǧˣûԼʶƽʱҲٳʶѡ
ǧһҡҡͷ
ĽüԪƣħٲɱˣ
ŵӶˡǧ
ĽҡͷԪҵõǵͷߣߣڵĴԶʤһˣ
ţĻͷС˵ҿǻɣֻħܿħ
ǺðɡǧߵҿԪ֮ɲһ㣡
Ľüͷһ£ȴûʣ漰˽£ǲ֪Ϊ
ĻСΣİɣ
ĽҡͷЦȸˣǱ߻¡
ҲãСǱǰɣĻ
ĽͷǣǱ߻ãԪҵ
Ժȷʵ֡ĻЦҲҲǺãȥɣ
Ľȭ΢ЦƮƮȥ

ŮɲˣǧĽıӰҡͷЦʦûô
ãĻһﲻ˭ϣ
ǧʣԺô£
Ļҡҡͷüȷʵаţ֪ǱߣҲţ
ǧʣǲǸɽط
Ļҡͷɽеģ֪ʲôطСϵܲ٣ĪⰡ
ΪûܣǧƲƲ죺ǸϽɣ
ĻЦҡͷ̾ģ
ô죡ǧߵŪ
Ļֻ̾ԹСڣ
ⲽأɱԪˣǧߵ
Ļɡ
ĽƮصСԺæӭǰĽҡͷЦûԪˡ
ô죡ü
Ľԭһڵǧǰʶʮ֣ǣԪܻ˼ɡ
һһ£ҡͷ治֪
Ľ̾»ǡ
ʦһģƳ˵ϵ㣬Ԫķӣ
ĽͷСͤ顣
棺磬Ǿʹ
ĽЦЦǻȥ
û񡣡ҡͷ
ĽЦǾǰǰǵֶΰɣǲִеģ
ֻˡͷ
ûȶãʱ֣Ľ˺ɱ֮һֱ򿪣ɨݳǣĻǧǵж
ȷˣʮ˲ֱֿӵȻ¥Ȼ󵷹ÿһ¥ڡ
ҳһ࣬ʮֵĴݻˣ֮¥ڣڵӶˡ
ǴӳǶٴϵһһ¥ȴԪӰ

Ľҡҡͷ̼ԪûãڵԪѾħݶҽթޱȣ򶯲
һڰ׼ʱһֻǸԪɳ֮
ĻӦ⣬ڿǶЩıģһ嶯
һʱܿȥ糿Ļһֱûͣϣǻصլʮ˴һ
ĽһֱǱߣоԪ֣ԪʹͣҲܴߡ
ʱţĽסһ§ӣȴû˯һֱѣǱߵΡ
ҹʱ֣ĽȻ۾֮ƵԪȰ֣ϢլȻһݡ
ƹӿŻլӣԪΧڵУȴηĻӽ
Ľüͷϸʮ֣ۣɫޱĶԪ
ʱǴ¥նڵӪڴϹڵۡ
Ԫĳ֣Ѿϵн䱸һжΧסԪһҪɱˡ
ʮΧ㣬Ԫӽ磬·磬ż̵һˣͣлϡ
֪УԪǴһӣʮ߷ܲһѪ
ԪϹŹЦĿɭĽûסĶࡣ
㾳磬۵Ľ޼һ˵Ľоģһ֮Ԫ㾫Ľˣǳ
ĽһֱĽιͷһֻһӰٿĳ֮УȰԪ
Ԫӽ񵲣ȴû뵽Էļ٣ޱȣԪҼ磬ʱĽ䡣
һƬⶸԪƮˣĽ䵽Ԫֻ֣ӽס⡣
ཻӳ˵Ľ΢һȻȻˣ
Ԫǹ΢ЦȻƺʤһٴδ硣
ԪĽ֣ҼƺӰһһ̴Ҽ硣
ɫ䣬νٴ̣ԪȴƮˣת˲˰Χڰ֮С
ɫ䣬˲üˣ׷ȥ


130 ý
Ľ֮۹ƣŶƮںڰ֮һ¾͸ˡ
촽΢ૣ۴§סĽİŲС
ܰƮ˿˿ƣ޴ڣ˿Ľ磬ȴ齣˯ۡ
磿㻹ˣʵ
Ľص齱ߣ˯ɣȥһ
š㻹ЩԺӦһ˯⡣
Ľ˯ۻڰǰһ·붨еɮ
֮۶ԪһǰһɱԪṦߣһƬӰ
ṦҲû׷ԪȴҲû£Ľ̾ħԪһأƽΪ澪ˣԼƽѡ
ħһħԼĶ֣Ҫħˡ
֮ԪϵĽĿھѾ̽ãܵ˽ܴ߶
Ψһߣ˽ɷأһֱоԦھĵҲԻ󴦣ܾ
һھе󣬺أԪħӾ֪ˡ
ƽһڷӿ֮۶תһǰһ˾ݳǡ
ǳ˳ǺϽһƬͣס
ĽһʧԵɽϣ˵֮ڹơ
ʦܣοߵһ
ٺ١ԪЦ
ʦħˣ
ħ٣Ԫ죬͸һĪһ
̾˿ҡͷû뵽ʦˣҪһˣҽͰѰɣ
ƵģգԪЦһִ

˽죬ƺƴĽü˵Ľֿ˵ĽҲơ
ĽѲҲԨԴһԴ˫˵ĽΪƣҲƣ
Уҡͷûõģ㼴ʹħҲң
ƵģǾһԪЦ
ĽüԪûȫɥʧǣħԼ룬ȫɷߣơ
̾û뵽ߵһˣû뵽˸ң
Ƶģ̫ԪЦ
Ц͸˵ĺ⣬ż
ʦܣڵķԽԽаΪԪڣֻˣ
ߣаҪ߹ЦԪЦ
ĽøԺֱħ֮ˡ
̾ɱ˲ҪɲɱԼڵķɱԼԽΪԽ
£ԪЦ
ڱѾˣǻǽɢˣԪڰɣ
̣ԪЦ
ϲѹħҰѽҲУֻҪӦΣ
ΣԪЦҲΪ£
ҡͷ̾Ϣʦܣʵڲɱ㣡
ԪЦƵģʵģ͵һˣǼ٣׳Ԫ棬գ
̾ʦܣΪڵӺãͲԪڣõķǿٱûΣգ
ԪЦݣΣ
˵Żûͣ˶ֹѪԪ·ûˣ˿ӰĻӽ
Ľ֪ⲻ־ˣûʹӦǺߣǱĽˡ

ڶ˽Ľ̰ĶſһһӡԺ
˺ƾͣ׵ĽһиһУÿһжޱȣ˼Ĵ̳
Ľ̾磬˾ʩչҪһģ˳־ʩչȽС
飡ȻһԪؿڡ
ԪһѪӵ֮ʣһؿںԪɳȥ
ؿڣʣָѨס׷ȴĵͣס
Ԫ顱һأŷվ𣬳ȥγһ̣˽ײ˺һ
飡׳Ѷţһš
ԪٺЦؿڣҡͷʦܣûõġ
ԪŲӣᶨĳƽҡͷˡٴν˼ָ
ԪЦã
ҡͷЦʦܣûлˣ
ưɣԪЦţת۶ȥʧҰ
ԪƮƮֱ֣ɽܿһɽȥֱϥϣʼ˹ˡ
Ľ򢣬ɽʯͷϳʲôϢĽԪ
ڵԪ˵ҰޣΣգɱĻ˻Σա
Ľ룬Ȼһҧֻƴһˣ
һɽϺâһţԪ͵۾Ҫץȴһ½ס
ĽķɵͬʱĿ뵤
Ľһɽʯͷϣ֮۴򿪣Ԫһûſ
ɫĽһʧԪǰѾĽǰĽˣŽһ¡

磬ǡ㿴ŰϵĺڽɻĽôе졣
ĽĽ΢Ц
Ľһ£ɴ󣺡Ľ
ĽͷС㣬дʦ⽣δá
ʧ
Ľ⽣Ǻöôúܹؼʦɣ
⽣ˣš
֪ĽΪԪħģ޵УĽҲ򲻹Ԫάƽ֡
ĽǼһˣܾˡ
ʦˣȻ
Ľͷ͵ϮϧûɱԪԪ̫Ҳħ˶ˣҼ˱ˡ
ѽͷԪô
Ľͷš
һˣҰɣҸϽдţϸʦ͹ȥ
Ľдһ˿
סЦ
Ľص£ɽ˰ҹˣЦæһϣЪһЪɡ
Ľͷ˳¡
죬ĽСԺ£ĻҲûţݳǺһжû
Ľ⼸һֱоĽûγֱΣգԦھ⣬һֱԡ
峿ױ󣬿ĽڰǰĽǲȥЦ磬㶼ˣ
Ľҡͷ̾Ǻýϧã
ǾɣħɲǿЦģûԦھģ
Ľͷ֪
֣ص˵ǧ򲻿ĴңΪֹûһģħ˱
Ľ̾ǰ˭Щħ
һհءҡͷû֪˵Ȼγɵģе˵Ϊ죬Īһǡ


131 Ԧ
Ľҡͷ̾Ϣ̾磬̾簡
磬һֱſʲôջ񣿡ЦʣħɲǱģûԦھܶģ
Ľͷţס
ԪˣѽҲˣû˸õġüʦʲôѵ붯⽣
ĽЦЦİɣҲɵ£
磬öħģѾԪħˣԲĵĶĽ
ĽЦǸģ
üĽ֤ɿȴһֱţĽɾǰݵġ
ĽһֱĽƣȷʵѰƽ֮ǰõĿھһʱħͨеһֱƲ⣬Ҫھ޲ơ
²ףһþͻᱻħʴƣħ
һֱСĽУһƿھһֱӦֱͨھĶԴ
ϧھǼ䣬ƫƫŹֿڣ£һʱûƲ
ʱţЩżû˿ھĽǼߣ֮ϧ֮á
磬˰ɣǳȥ䣬ɢɢġȰֳĽĸ첲
ĽҡͷЦȥɣҾͲˡ
磬ħĿھƲģӹŵûɹαذ׷ѹ򣿡
Ѿ˼ĽħִԣһʱƲסγ붼£ħԼ죡
ĽЦС㣬վȣƾǼ˲ɡ
Դ˴磬ھͲһˣ
ĽҡҡͷʮһٲѣҪ湻һ֣޼ƿʩ
šͷɫ֣ء
ĽıǴĽǹؼ
Ǵ磬ûпھѽεҡҡͷ
ĽЦҲھ
ð׷ǹˡ̾ƲھħҲûôˣ
Ľ֪ɣ
̫ΣˣüֵðգдڣǶҷģһɱԪ
ĽЦЦٶ˵

Ҫһ֣ĽɳʲôģĽû취ֻܴӦ
ŮһڴϣݳǷɣΪڵһӶ֡
Ľ޿κεĸȥΣҪŰĲɡ
֮۹ĻǣⶼˣѵһֱԼԺӣ
Ƕһû֮⣬ĻǾ۳һţھݳε
ĽԪԪܾˣ˲ᣬԪҲˣһҪûҵ
ԪѾɽҲˣĽҲȥ˵ڳʲôӰɡ
ֻȸ߾Ļţô죬պĻ֪ҲûʲôΪӵıݡ
磬ôЦ
Ľͷţˡ
󡪡硪
ĽŤͷȥûУ
ĽεС㣬ǻǻȥɣûʲôùġ
磬ѵôܳɢɢģ
æӱɨѽ׽һ֧أϧһֱûкʵġ
ĽǱߡ
һָǱмӣͦģȥɡ
ϡ˷ܵĳ˹ȥ
Ľҡͷ̾ҲĿģԼĽҪԼ˼

Ľߴ˼䣬֪Ȥһ֧ǮȻ뿪
磬ôˣʡ
Ľҡͷǰˡ
ü
ĽӦԪǻǲΪ
֪ĵͷĽͷ˵ø˵һʦûţһһ
Ҳûˣ׷׻СԺէһСԺǰûȥĽȻһС
ʦȻ
ʦˣ㾪ϲʡ
Ľͷû뵽ʦô쵽ˡ
ǧû뵽칦͵ˣʲôط
߰ɡĽӱȥֻСȻһƮߣ߾ӴŵƮ˺Ӱ
ʦʦ㣬ףʦ㣡㻶ϲӭǰ
߾һϮӺݻ󣬳һϮףŶŮվһ𣬶ʱݹĿ
ȥ˵ɡĽǰæǰ·
ʦʦ㣬ҪСĵעⲽŴĲߡ
˽СԺ󣬸߾ʵô£
ĽЦС۷ɡ
ҿ򵥡߾ǰһͨûҵ
Ľڵ˱
߾ͷ
΢Цû뵽ʦܻһУƯ
СŪġĽЦ˵Űܸ߾ǣЩ˼ļ
˽Сͤ߾Ľ棬С˵ɱԪĽ
Ľͷľ˵һֻ˵ԼڰŻԪܾ˸ᣬȻҲвסԪ

߾֮Ȼ̾ϢԵվˡ
ĽòˣҿԨԴԲóȻ˵Ҫʦ
ţһζԹ˶֪߾ͷ
ףЦʦ˵£˶ˣ
߾һ£ͷʵҲûʲôˣԪԪڵӣͶڡ
ĽȻ㲻ͽ
߾ҡҡͷ̾ʵһԪԪĸףҲû֪
ŮȻ
ĽҲû뵽һϵֲһֱ֡
߾̾˿ԪʦͬţԪ̣ܿҪ²ӣǵøӷĿԪ¡
Ȼ
߾ؿ㣬Զһ˿ɼϧԪҲǸţܿڣȻ󷴳ʥڣ׷ɱʦֽԪڣΪʥ󣬶ڵ׷ɱûôˡ
Ҳѹ֡Ľͷ
߾׷˽Ԫˣʦֲܲ˼ϾǶʦӣ򲻵Ѳɱ
Ľüʦô˵˵Ԫ֣
š߾ͷ
ĽĽأ
˽ûãһ˰ա߾
ĽҡͷһüĿˣ˵ܽ⿪Ԧھ
ûõġ߾ҡͷЦԦھû⿪ġ
ĽЦһԡ
߾üУĽԣһ˵˱ʮְգ˵ҪһԣǾ˵аˣ
ЩŵĿĽԦھ޷⿪ɣǿĸħҲûУһǿҪ
ħʴɵûھóȻħħɣᾭһɱ¾Ȼɱ

аգ߾֣صĿ
ĽͷԿ
Ҫûʮְվͱԣ߾ҡͷ̫ΣգΪһֵ
ĽЦħ֮Ҫõ
Ҳǿ߾üҡͷǻģʹħҪǵӲҲҪǵûħҲ¡
Ľʦ˵ѾŬԿ
ѽ߾ͷĽǰʮ㣬ܻʲô˵ǴԪѶʵ˿ھ
ԪҲǼʹߣҲ˵ȷģвȫŵģǾûá
ĵĿһĽĽЦʦİɣҲģ治ɲǿ
ãҪģ߾ûʦǰɣ
Ľҡͷһֱء
ţúã߾ЦЦ˵Щ鷳Ȩ֪ˣ
Ľ
߾һӾǣûʲôˡ
һҪĽҪ˵һѽ
߾ҡͷЦɵѾͷһˣ
ףЦʦã̫ʵ˵÷еõģ׸ţ˵ʲôأ
ѽȻͷҲá
ĽЦЦ߾ǿ㣬Ԫħû̫ǽң
ʦǴκգԪ棬ҪǴҲʦ
߾üԪɱ㣿
ҹɱ磬Ҫû磬ʦˣߣڵӲţˣ
߾һ֣Ǿˣ¸һʶѧ٣
ĽЦŵͷԪĽȷʵ򡣡

ĽϣͷĽ΢ǹĽ̽񴥽ǸĽ
õԦĽѱɾһĽʱһ赲
Ľ΢۾ǽʵˣ⽣ҲǷܹסĽƽ
Ϊһ꣬ڻһ˿϶˽ȥʱǰһŻΪѪ죬
ĽһæǰѪһƬѪһ㣬Ľ֪ɷۡ
Ȼɷħ⻹Χûˣ
һοھ³ѪƽĽһھȻŪˣ
û񣬰νԿھһ߰տھתϢһ̽ƽ
ǰȻһ״ӤʿӣޣһŮնͷʬ׺£ڳһͼ
˵ѪŹ㵽һѪһѽĽѪĽ
Ľٿһ¾ѡ
磿㲻֪ʱѾߣɫѿôˣ
ĽҡҡͷһǿľŻѹȥ
粻ǿġó˿Ľͷĺ飬š
Ľһ˿΢ЦѾƲ˿ھȻԿ
ģѿʧ
ĽЦ֪٣Ȱʦʧء
磬գһħˣ㻹סңħûƣ
ĽЦЦҡͷ˭ħûΣɣһ£˵һЩ
ȥʦ齡

ܿ죬߾ףƼ
߾һž͵Ūھˣ
ĽЦ˵ٷְȷ˾Ųʮɣ
Űν߾һĽĽͷ
ĽЦЦ˵Ļʦһסңѽˣѹ
һˣͻħѵġ߾ȷţЩġ
ĽԷһˡ
˵ֱһ֣ùĽȻһ°γʣʱһ񶸽ʮȡ
ⲻ¶£Ϣı仯׹ؽ
ý̾
ףƶĽһգգ
ĽɫĿɭ䣬ޱ飬һæ磿
ĽۣĽʦھˣѽף
ô£߾һ˲˲Ŀ
Ľѽʣ̾˿ԭˣ
ħڣھԦΪһ֣ĪһɿɱˣѪ
ԺǧĽתһ¼סˣһ³˶ĽͣŽʣԺĽһʧ·һΣֻ֪ôһΣεȴǵá


132 Ѱ
ħȻ
һüͷæ磬в𣿡
գһ£һֱĽӽĽ΢һüʱͷһ
ĽħȻк󻼵ġ
ʲô󻼣æʡ
Ľħдȥɱˡ
ţ⵹١߾ͷңŪھˣħûʮȫʮģбףùħ֮󣬱Ӱ죬ΣٶҪԪһħ
ΡŮţףЦξͲؼ壬ǲǣʦ
ţͺá߾ͷ
ĽüħأԲ̵ľʩչ
߾̾Ϊβ²ԪԲᣬǼ̳ħϣԦħȻУԪħ
æĽڻû𣿡
Ľ΢Цҵл֮
˵Űѽݸ߾ʦ
߾ûӣڰ֣⽣ģŰɣ
ĽЦТʦģ⽣һ˼Ԧˣ̫Ѫˡ
뵽ǰһĻ֪⽣Ʒֻ뾴Զ֮
߾һŮӣҲܲס
ŮܲסףȻʵôŮ˾ͲܼԦħ
š߾ͷħ֮Ů޷ħ
Ľüͷ뵽֮̾˿ʦһԿơ
ʲôӣ߾Цʣ̫ţͷһԭûϣԦھҲŪ
ĽЦһξģʦÿʮ飬ʩչħܹħ
ģ߾Цʲôģ
ĽЦеһƪģЩ񱣳ľʦһԡ
߾Ц书ɣ
Ľͷ书롣
ǺãԿ߾ټ⡣

߾Ľϥϣ棬Ľʳָһӡһ˿һ˿Ŀ䵽߾üġ
߾һһԹƵŮһ
߾һϻָһɣׯ£ɢʥϢ
Ƭ̣Ľ֣ٴνӡڵϢ
Լһյʱ䣬˶۾Ľ΢ЦʦΣ
߾΢Цƽ͡
ף̾ʦԽ
о߾ı仯Ľһָ֮󣬸߾˺ȥһ£ԭ͹⻪ɢŹ⡣
Ľʩչ˹ඥ֮ľԦھˣһӡ
ħǰ̰ģȴûȤˣϾԽһãо
ħƷˣ̺ĽȷʵףǧľԶһĽſɱȡ
ܾнؽԶڵˮ׼
ʦ⽣ţҿҪüΡĽЦŰĽ߾
߾̾˿ͷǷ̫ࡣ
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΢ɲ磬Ҳ֪ˣ
šĽͷ
ĪҵŤͷĽƣʦãô죿
Ǹܣüߵ
ĽЦЦͷĪֵܣϣһ淢ʲôǾͲһˣ
ڳͻпƣһ淢زأ־һΪ̫ΪʳΪɶݡ
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135 
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˾۵һĪҵֵܣѡһɣҲѡһ
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졭ĽҡҡͷЦҹªţû˵š
ҡͷһǧǰͦģ֪ĺˡ
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˵յһˣ粽˺ںɽ˸ŽȥĽǰơ
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136 ˳
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ΧխֻһͨûܵĿռ䣬˶賤γһƬĻסԼ
Ľ˲νסԼƣڵһѣ߹ϥǡ
ĽȻЩ֪ʲôģоķ顣
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Ľǰͷƽǰȴס˵Ŀ⣬ʯͷǰת䡣
ĽȻֹɫ
磬ôˣͣ½ŲŤͷʡ
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Īҵ֣֪ĸо飬ܲܲսӰɣҪʲôΣղУ
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Īҵģ񣺡Ӱأ
һĽ־壬־յʦ֣Ȱûʲôǻֵİɣ
ĽЦЦ־Ͷ񣬲ǿðգǸس֮ˣܻþá
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Ľüлֵܣ˰ɣһ·ֵðգ
ĽԽ˵лԽ󣬰ڰתߡ

Ľ̾˿εĵСĵɣһΣգûôױܹ
ʲôĪҵʡ
ĽҡͷܱȸղŸݣã
سһνΪһ⣬ת˲ʯڸȡʯͷʯͷΪһСʯӡ
ɫ΢䣬û뵽ĽĽ֮졣
磿Ȼ
Ľߣ
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Ľҡͷ鷳ˣŪʯӣ׼ˮ
է䣬л֣Ѹ磬ԶԶıеܣǶˮ
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磬ѽƼĽæק첲
ĽҡͷˣߣҶһ£
磿Ȼ漴ɴ磬ѽ
Уڵĺˮһӿл棬Ҫ׷лṦã׷ϡ
񱩵ĺˮľźԶŵһȳˮһž綾մ⡣
Ľƣһһųɣ
æҡͷе磬²סģǿ߰ɣѽ
ĽһƮƮзɳʮԶĪҵǡ
Ľһһµлǰת˲׿ˮ׷Ȼ׳ȥ䵽ʯǰ˫ƻƳ
ʯӷԽԽߣյһ룬Ľֳһʯӣ˫һƣٴγһ谭
ĽʩΪһ˾ŵߣٽʮʱѾڵˮˡ

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ĽѾصߣûĵͣס󿴣ûߡ
ˮס˷ܵҡĽ첲
ĽЦң
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Ľ·һɣ
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ô죿üȥѽ
Īҵ񣺡֣Ǿأ
Ҳüͷ˼ЩģزأȴܽȥԽ˵زԽϣܽȥĻջһܴ
ʵڲеĻñӰɣ
ɽĪҵ
ͷ׵ķˣ
ĽҡͷЦЦĪҵæʣ־أ


137 
Ľλǰ˼ܶݾĻزãǸֱʵģҿİɡ
֣⻰Īҵü
ĽռűˣһһɱС
ʲôɱУĪҵʡ
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ĪҵǰرطѰǡ
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񻺻߰ɣȥ˵
ʦ֣ߣ岻ĵ
ʦһܷܲز̫գֵá
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΢Цεģǽȥνһزز࣬һ٣
ߣɽ˵ú岻мƲƲ졣
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Īҵǲģ
ƺߵǣӰС˾ŹҪأ
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ĽȻľżȥ
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֮Ľٴλصɽڣǡ峿ʱ֣һ㿴СԺ⾲
˶°׾װӢˬ
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Ľ⾲˵Ľһߵı»еġ


138 
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ſʯϣڳ˼Ȼһͷ㣬ȭͷСĽ΢ôһ


139 
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Ľ۾ûһ˿飬Ľ΢۾ӡ
ƺһ֪ĽƮԽԽ˲ԾˮĽţذ׵壬ɭɭ⡣
ĽϾһۣӽ׳Ƭ͹ⷢīˮڼ֡
ĽǰһСһƾ
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һˣĽһ¥ߣû뵽˵ҲߣһҪҧš
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ŭųĽĽһԾͷһСͤ룬ڷ档
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Ľվڷǰһٿݣ֮ʮˣʱһλӣǲŮˡ
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Ľ书ΪͬСɣûз̣ھԣƣһ书¡
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ϧܼʶ߾书

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Ľϸ˿һƷƣǳԼѧƷ֮ӡ֤ѷһ
ĽڶƷûʲôȤн㹻ˣڽԽԽԶԶ
ռţϽҲҪ˱ᣬӲ
ϸ֮ĽƷƵãҲûʲôҪ
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ķȷʵĪ⣬ͳŮʹһҲ档
Ľҡͷ̾治Сƣ书ķ辶Լ˼·Ȼͬ˴ջ񣬾ԼķС
СĵĽ뻳ֿ֮˿ܣСͤյģԱ߻һľ䡣
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Ľʱһ¶ЦһμǶ˵ЩŸȻһ˿ϣ书ǿ⼸Ĳӣһȥܶط
ļʶһԶʤһˣ˵֪֮ͨܰԼҵԭ·
üԶĺ¡죬Ӧˣǲ봳õزء
룬ﲻǾĶ֮߰ɡ
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һʧʱŭײʯڡ顱졣
Ľ˸ֱӻڣûɽԨƣҪб޻
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ɴ󣺡㾹õˣ
ĽЦز̸ϣֻŶѣûġ
Щǡָľ䡣
ĽһЩ飬书š
ţѾ˲𣡡ָָɫᡣ


140 
ֹһĶƣܵķ쾭Ǿˡ
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šûĿٴ䵽ϣ㾫΢Ʒͷһ
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зɵƿսµķɵȷʵԽԽǿɵԽԽǿ
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߾ЦҡͷΪʦʧ
Ľü߾ֻҪСڣڲνȥڰɣʶһ½䣡
Ľһͷǣлʦ
߾㼴ʹǽڵӣǰڵӣƽʱҪ˯
ĽЦЦͷǡ


141 
ڻ²޷У޲ܰڣɾڵľѧʥڵ书ȷʵ棬Զһɿɼ
ѾӴɽʮգǶľѧɶͣϸĽԼķ
Щķܾȱʲôʹ죬ݺ޵Уܵõ䣬һĻܸһ
߾һʦֺú˵һ˵ռô˿ɲɣ
ĽЦʦռ˴ˣ
ʹ߾ЦһֱԹ˵ĵӣϧֵӿ󡣡
ĽͷԱѵãҲһܿóЩѰҵӶжصİ취ܹ֤ѰӢţרŵѰҵӱ֤С
̽ѿԣѧʶ츳Ҫһֱ̽
ңҲһ·ܶߵ;ЩԹ˵ĸϲ;١
˵Ĺûʹ죬û֮ǣүһ㱻׷ɱú٣үʱƫߵжԣԲűһ߲ȥǷɻ䡣

߾ʦֶһֱϲ뷽跨޹ȥԸˣ
ĽЦЦʶһ½İ
ǰڽ˵ܿһȷʵĪź߾ĵͷ
ĽʦڵѾˣ
ţǸһˡ߾΢Цﶼɥһ˵һزأֵ÷зҿȥ֣
㿴һĽĽͷ
ЦʦزôѾˡ
š˶һŮͬʱ
ףæ÷˷زأ
ĽͷЦҽ˷Ĺûʲô
ܰɣףͷЦӯӯĵϢɽɢģǲտڰ׻
һ飬һš
ף˷ܵʣ书ţ
ҡҡͷֻһƷţĶμǡ
ѽףҡͷһΪкܶأԭززѽ
ʧȴûĽõţ˵ûĽˣ±Ͼ̫УǺСĵġ
ĽЦҪףʦʦ뿴СһɣȷʵרڽûʲôȤ
ѽףæĴӦ
üһۣףЦ÷ֲˣʦҪ⿪Ÿ÷ɣòã
ǳûĽҪôˣҡҡͷ
߾ţðɣȥʱȥɣвٵţԲһ£̰ã˵ľޣҪ̫̰ģ¾书಻ʤܶ
ĽȭЦǣ׵ģлʦ
ʹҲ⣬Ҫ㹻ĹͲܽһΣȴĽˡ
߾ȥ֮Ҫһһġ
ĽЦŵͷʦ׵ġ
һ£ͷ򽣷ȥ֮Ҳʵʵģֻ¹߾
ףЦʦɲף÷вסⲻǸյϢأѾزˣ
߾ô£ɽ壿
Ľҡҡͷǰͨҷ˺һŴȥɽڵǴˡ
Ŷ߾Ľ֮⣬Ȼɽǳ˿ԲŰϢ
˵أһЦ𣬺ǽߡ
ʦ֣õ죡߾ӭ΢Ц
ǺЦ֪ϢܲϽ˼˿ɲˣ˼ҽڣ
ĽЦǰһ۽䣬ֻˣ
ǺЦ뿴ֻܰǽڣǽڵӲùۿ䣡
Ľֻˡ
ϲ˼ɣҴʦͽҵʦܣΣ
ⲻðɣĽһ£˱ݲʺϣ˵ſһ۸߾
߾ЦòϽݼʦ֣
ĽѾݹʦһνһ³ΪʦܣЩ죬һͳ˸߾ʦˡ
֪Ϊ飬ΪĽʤҪǰµĻܲˡ
ôˣǺЦʦܣʦõıݲ䣬иľǣ
ɡ߾Ц
ĽͷûоĿĻǲο䣬ҪѰҳڣԭ籨
ߣʦܣһڰɣ
߾ʦ֣Ҫסģûʱ䣬õ򽣵ɣ
аʽڣͿԲ򽣵䣡ͷЦǽκεӶɲ򽣵䣬£ʲôջȫԼˣ
Ľ˽ڡ
λһɽڣ㣬ö࣬ᶼǰʯ̶ݳޣóǿʢ֮
ϧڹʮˣǶǷ֣ڵʵǿ౶


142 
һһСι䲻ȴɣվڵڲС֮С
λӣʮǰ죬Ľǰλӡ
λǽڽֶһλӢš΢ЦˣҴʦͽʦܣ
Ľȭ΢Ц
˶ʱ졣
ⲻʰɡһվüᣬ
õĵСƣʦܿҺòڵģǽţԶԶģ
ǲɡ˵ⲻϹذɡ
һ֣ûĵʲôƨأ˾࣬ôˣ
޹زɷԲ껹Ҫ˵ڰ֣СƣոͽܻΥڹ˲ɣ
ûΥڹ棬ǡһĲ޳ɡ
ͷİڰ֣Ǿôˣ
ˣֻεҡͷ̾ˣ¶΢ЦĽ
ʦܴﶼİʹûҲ˵ν׹ˣǲǣЦеĵ
΢ЦŵͷĴĽĴȷʵˣ׹Դ룬һӲ˲٣˸ˡ
Ȼ˽ڣǶܺ档
ʦڽн䣬ڵӲܲĽ䣬Ժʦܼڣ
¶ЦݣǽڵӵĽǴǧϱ䣬νڵһº
Ϊϲ뽣ڣΪ˽էһܹȴУΪǵҲ˼
ڲʢ뽣߲ΪΪ˽Ϊ뽣ڣһĽҲˣиУһˡ
ﶼҽһ°ɣպһˣЦʦܵԹˣһ书޶
˸Ӿ棬׷ҽܣǱһ֣ٶ˵̬ȡ
ĽһһסˣѾȽܹԺͬˣһˣǵһġ
ĽԸпû뵽ضǿĽڲôˣǶǽ֣һԿġ

磬Ľӽ̧ͷʵ
Ľţ첲§㣬⻬ķ۱Ѳ΢Цͷͦġ
ûΪɣʡ
ĽЦΪﶼǽգһû˼
˵ڵǷӣҪСѽ
ĽЦҡͷ£볣죬浹ˮ
ͺáЦ翴˰ɣ
ĽЦҪء
˵Щ˷ܣ˳Σѹͷؿڡ
ʱߡ
Ľڶˬ齣ź£ܿϴһԹ緹㵽˽ڵɽȡ
ԼֵһСԺյСԺվԺУһϮмȣȭ񣺡ʦ֡
Цʦܣ߰ɣȥ䣡
ĽϲԽҲǾ׹ˡ
߰ɣȸԾǺЦ°Ըп˵书׿Ͼˡ
תĽСԺߣܿһ䲻۵ʯݣƿţ澲ĵģһҲûС
ָʯݣЦеĵʦܣǽ󣬽뿴Ļ͹
Ľܣû䣬յģһĿȻʲôҲûС
ԵȡЦ
ߵ룬Ȼ¼ţ¡һ죬漴ǽڱãԭͺͺʯͼ
Ľ߹ȥϸһƣһЩ񣬻ý֣ڳԱһЩ֣ԽԽ١
ָܣЦǽˡ
Ľͷ۾Źһһɨӣܿҵ˿ͷߵϱߣϸ
ĽȻŤͷȻķ
ҡͷ̾ϢϧԪûɣºĽ޷ʩչֻܵΣѵ衣
ĽͷһŽķܹؼЩûķʩչλʹλҲѵ

ʦܣɣ֮ҲԻȥֻҪ⴫ɣǽںɣƽʱԴɽȣｻҲߣвٵ뿪£鲻ǧ·ʶҽʶɽ֮ʯԹ·Ҳġ
ĽЦãҪ֮˵
⣬ڰ֣ת뿪ʯݡ
ĽȽеͼӡԺȻͣ⽣俴ȥûʲôڣʵ
ʹԪҲʵէûʲôһŲ㣬ÿһķһģһֻ֡
ԪķҲȴѣһڶ㶼ǿ㿪ʼѹ
һֱڰ˲㣬Ҫ˵ھŲ㣬ǽţԪɡ
ĽҡͷЦ֮ʲôѵģޱȣԼԭִѡ
Լԭִ磬ĩʱڣԪϡ޷ţ̣޷塣
ԪȴڴҪɽͻƹܲѣĽҡͷȷʵѣ޹ֺûɡ
ԪżȴҪȴֺѣĽ룬ԼԭķȽһԪ֡
룬˾ֿܾԪˣϧ̫ѣ˶ޣתЩ
Щܶ඼Ԫܴ߶ģҪ߲Σ֮ѣҡҡͷʼοЩ
һ֮ҡͷǰ뷨ЩףէͨԽԽζ׾
ֽ߶ȴѣҪѣҪһһһнһҲδȫÿһÿһøһ㣬һҲûþ
ĽԽԶʤһĲΣɿЩԾԼ֮СҪһһ
ЩʹԪҲ㹻µˣֲôﶼԪ
Ԫֻ֮УЩȻԽоԽζԽǳ԰Σ޹ֺڵӶ˽գʵǽĽ̫ˣԿܡ
룬Ԫ֮ٲЩЩĲһһϦ£Ҫһ
һԪЩ֮ϣ磬ν޵ˡ
һһο˽Ȼת뿪ʯݣصд轣˸ںɭɭ
λʦ壬ʦ֣ȥչһԪĽȭߵͷ
ʦҪԪȻս
ĽͷЦԿ
ãҲáͷﶼԹҲԡ
ĽЦһҲûԪģ
֪ûɡҡͷԪȷʵǾ׵ķֻҪ㣬ԺˣɺľЩ뵱Ȼˡ
ĽЦЦԪԽ档
ʩչƾ֡ͷЦʦ㲻ǿ㼸㣬Ǹ
Ľ֪ԪǸȴûЦãһȥչһӡ


143 
ɽڡ
Ľһǿףڿڱǰɢ
ιرǿףĽ۾ȻĿһճӡ
ڹ߻谵ѾϦ£ĺɫӿ
ĽĿӣһһӴݼ䵽ǰ̺һСӡ
Ľ΢ЦԪȷʵ񣬾ǿᣬʮ칦Ѿ˵㣬εľ
ԭͺܾ֮±Щѣûôףʼʱˮһǳɡ
Ԫȷʵھһ׶طĽһҲˣǿᣬԭѾ֮
ԪһҲԶʤˣϧżһЩһ˺
ԪҪԱķһ˽⣬һ̶ȣԷš
һʼԪţ˵֮Ҳǿȴòʧøá
ɴ˿⽣ڸ߶˾ѧҪĻʺΪ֮ѧûиǿ󹤷
֨űƿӯӯһ㡣
˰ɣ˽ǰĽ
Ľͷˣ
ʮ죡̾һ붨ʮ죡ˣɳɹˣ
ĽЦЦãнĶأ
ƶʱЦ˷ܵ磬дһΣ
ĽЦð
˷ԣЦʦòдˣֻд轣С
Ľˣԣ
ƮȻӣϦɽĺ
Ժվʵ磬ɶô
ĽҡͷЦ΢һ£ûôע⡣
ǺãУƽ߳һǰСĽؿڡ
Ľ֣顱һ죬˺һȵĿĽ

ĽЦȻòˣѵã
ʮĹܰѶز˺ݹ츳ˣΪɽĽ֮һ㹻㡣
ȻȻûã
ĽЦƲǶʲô˶õġ
Ǵ̫ʡ
ĽҡҡͷֻҪƲ¶Էֻ´Ҳ°׷ˡ
Ҳţƺߵ֡
Ľ֣˿ʼϾƵҪ൱
ĽͷƳһƴݶķһǿĴ
ķһʩչܹ͸ԷеֱӰ˹Կܡ
Ľȴ纳һɽŬĽΪӹɽڡ
ĽҡͷЦƣûõġ
ߣƫţƺߵԽ߶
Ľͷ̾ſ˾磬ȷʵ˶Ƶ裬һ¡
ι糺绨תĽʼεĵΣ
ߣˣߣơ
Ľ֮Уȫޡ
ĽЦû޵е书ģСһˣ
Ҿܣƺߵ
ĽͷòЩһ˲ҪӲܴ򣬴򲻹ӣ
Ƶ磬Ϊ˾ҿҲû㡣
ĽЦЦ¿๦ɡ
ɲǿ๦ģҡҡͷ
ĽЦţķ֮ʰɣʥڽڵӣķ
羹˽ڣƲƲ죬ߵ
⻰Դ
ĽЦЦڵĽµһ֮ƣʶһ¸Ľ԰뽣ڡ
ͬ⣿ƲƲ졣
ĽͷȻ
ƺһλ׹ﻹǴأ
ĽЦЦת⣺Ǳô˵
û˵ʲôĬ˰ɡü¶ɫ
һֱĽŶһмܣȲܱţֲĽԿ

ĽƱ˵ˣ͵ʧ˰ɡ
һ˽ȥûزأ¶ڣƵ
ĽЦˣ˴£д˼֣׼ûϵó
ʲô֣æʡ
Ľһʫ̴׷Ļ
ѽƸ̾
ȥ֮󣬷ʫһˣûǰһҲϷԸ
Ľҡҡͷҹûܽȥһ̫ͬǵ
ֻܿ£ǹ룬ٶ磬νĸ֣һ˲Ʊ£ֱӿīһǾаʤ
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ĽҡͷЦȥ
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쿩Ц˭д㻵ѽչǽ䣿
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ü磬۸ˣ
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ָת̣ͦ͵Ϯһ磬˲䵽Ľǰ
ĽҡͷЦָһ
Ŵȥָ棬Ľ׳Ƴ
󡪡硪ƶ
ĽЦһοû
ܣƺߵ
ĽһҲкģʵתĽֻ࣬Ҫ׼ȷУ˳ԷǺš
ģͷ룬⻰̫֪ĽΪɲ⣬ɴû˵̫ʵ
ĽЦЦҾ
͵Ϯ
Ľʳָָһýһ´䣬Զı˷
һϸὣĸоȷʵûһֵⲻԾȥܹŹ֡
ܸоŹֵľ΢ȴܼЧ
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｣ܶࡣҡͷû
ĽЦЦʵ󲿷ֽˣʮգѾϢĿˡ
˽ĻûôסĽ
ѽͷ


144 㲦
ĽЦͷһ˼ţЦʲôأ
Ц۽֮޹ʦãϤǵĽʦýְɣ
ĽҡͷЦ˰ɣ̫ˡ
⾲һȲճҲڽ׷ĽŮ֮顣
δϵСһֻнûճĽҲûʲô˼ɣһ˫۷Ź
Цʦȷʵܲ磬⼸һ͹ûأף˵ˣ
Ľҡͷ̾˿⾲˻ĽŲֱŽһĽʱ˫۷Ź⣬ȸԾе磡
ŷɫˣ˹ˣ
Ľͷţճء
ǲ񹦴ѽ⾲˽Ц
Ľҡͷðɡ
ҿɫܺأ⾲ͷۣЦ绹ôʲôѽǽã
Ľûĵ㽣ܿ
ĻҲ̫졣⾲˰ȻЦλʦԶʤңҵ°ܽ
ĽŤͷƣҡͷһսλʦֶˡ
˵һ֣ĽЦ
ɡͷĪʦǶˡ
ŶĽȻ⾲ˣԭΪ⾲սӣû뵽ɽĽˡ
⾲ƲƲ죬εĵҿɲǵһ֣һʦ㣡
ĽЦ˲ء
򲻹ƽ㲦ԸҽιУһǧľѷ⾲ˡ
Ǵ紫ҽ⾲˻Ц磬ҽûã
˵ղĽڣνһӽʵ̵Ľǰգһ۾ѡ
֪ĽһʼҪܾģֱӲϹ

Ľҡͷεҡͷã޵еģ
Ľʳָָһ½룬⾲˶ʱ类һȥ
߾ȫûý֣ʱһ磬۸ˣ
ΪһĽ£֮ԼȻԶǶ֡
ĽҡͷЦһû㽣ûҡ
⾲˹Ĺ죬޺һͦ
Ľʼʩһ½ʱ类ߴߣµ䣬סˣȴɴ󣬲ĵ
ĽЦҡͷСѾͷƭû
ûŪҵĽ⾲˲ĺߵ
ĽЦҲǽĻãպǲΣȻף˵Ҳ
㲻˵֪⾲
Ľ漰ľ΢ã֪Ҳûá
˵⾲
ĽεͷҲգ˵˵ãһζ̰
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Ľ˵ľأ֮ͣ٣һһ任֮侢΢仯Ǽ϶Ѱ϶һǧ
ѽ⾲սעž仯ϸ΢룬ͷ⵹٣̫죬˭ܲѽ
ĽЦһ̶ȣоȻܸоڲɡ
Ҫʲô̶ѽ⾲ʡ
ĽҡͷЦǾҪĿ๦ˣԽԽãÿ˲һģһųɣ罣
ѽ̫ඡ⾲˿С̾
ĽЦҪǲѣ̸
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ĽҡͷֻҪԼˡ
һзӣԲ⾲˶ʱһǰҡĸ첲Ц£
ĽЦҡͷǲ֮أ⴫ġ
ѽ⾲εķ첲̾Ǿû취ඡ

ڽһԲҲҪѧˣɼȻǲ֮أǾͲ⴫ģ׵ġ
磬зӵĻͰʦðɡεĵʵڼ⾲˿ģ
ĽЦҾǱ·̫ѣҳֺá
ʲô·ѽ⾲̧ͷʡ
Ľ׷ɡ
̫ˣ⾲εĵ
ĽЦʮﲻһźȻ𣿡
ѽ⾲˵ͷƲǽһ㣬ʮҿֺˡ
ĽҡͷЦɴˣȻĸȻ֮û衣
⾲ͷ룬˼ҵʱʱŽˣûϸЩ
Ľ˺Ȼ㹻ˣȻҲǽڵķţζ⽣žˣŽǳʵҿɽڵ˶ˡ
⾲ͷһȻʣ磬ôǺȻô˽ѽѵţ
ͷƣưһۣĽҲȻҲûã˵
⾲ĽǺĽ˽⣬صĵطأûܴȥǱȥƾģܶ˳̶ȣ
ĽЦϲܾôȻڹķ
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ĽЦЦƵʦãĪʦǻô
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Ľͷô룬ѵã
زǰ侲治࣬زǶߵջ󣬲˵˶ô롣
⾲ЦҲȥز𣿡
ĽҡͷЦɽڣҵķݶ
ùѽ⾲˽Ц
Ľˣƣˣ
æһۣ⾲æ磬
˵ղĽ˵һ̶ܵٳŻŴϡ
ĽҡͷЦʦõеɫ
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ĽЦĴһߣʶһ´úɽ
һˣб
ĽͷƲŵĺһ׹ﻹðɣ
ĽЩǱ
˵䣬Ȼ⾲˵ĽŲҴҶһƿţ磬ʦ㣡
ôˣôƵ
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šü
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ת뿪СԺĽվԺ룬ɫѾȫƮ˿˿ȼյζ
Ӳˣ¼䲻ɽڵҲв٣ز֪ЩʿĪҵǵ书ǶˣѰֶǡ


145 
Ľ֮ۿ˿һ˵ͦأƾɽڵĵҩܾȻ
ٶƣüԼ£ֻܵķѣٲܾ˼ޣҪĵľ̫ǿʹǿԶʤҲܲˡ
ҪһľƾԼǰ첻ˣֻܽôһֱڿ˼
һʧСԺ˼£ںߣȻֱ˺ˮ
һֱ³ˮѹԽԽǿʼֻӵǽٺǼѹѹ⡣
ԿڵѹͣתͬʱתԪתԽԽ졣
ŬԼ볬ѣȫ壬۸еԼ翴һİˡ
ҵʹͣĴ̼Ժǰһ󷢺ڣڰҪǿľһֱŬֲԣѳ塣
зΣգһþͻԹȥ³ĻɥΣգһ˲á
Ų壬ʹԿĹУԽ͡
ţֻҪԪݺ޵УʱԼҲܻȥԭ籨ˡ
һֱп־壬»زȥףȥѣһΣգ֮Σ
ԽԽʣִԽԽأû˴ǰ볬Ȼ
ڰͣӿҪʴľֵ֪ʱţƴתڣѹʹ࣬ԽԽ죬͸֧Ǳ
ÿתһΣ˥һ֣ͬʱҲһ֣֪УԪͻ㣬㣬Ȼǵ߲㡣
˵߲㣬ڰȫռԺɽԺɢ뵹⻪˸
񼸺ѹʹ࣬Ҫʱƽʱޣ°Ĺɽأɢ͵Ĺâɢڰ
岻ͣ³ΧѹԽԽǿͷˣһһ黯ΪСѪ
ڰī֭ԽŨأҪסɽ͵Ĺԣɽȴ˥һֱɢŹԣԺ

³תԽԽ죬ĵٶȸ죬ԭ޾󺣰ס
ٶȸģ٣ȴԽ߲֮ǵڰ˲㣬һڰ˲㣬ľһ˿һת
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ھݾ֮ѹһתΪǰգ۹Ծ˺档
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ĽƮƮȥеˣǿĿɿڴĽΪһСڵʧҰǲŻع
Ľžתĸоϵطö࣬һһʩչԪһ
гɣǵ֮޾һԶ粹ÿ졣
ڸղŵȴֻĲܲ䣬ûжľһĶãˮԪת죬ת۹
΢߶ںϼۣ·𲻴ڣȫˡ
ܸоƤһ޵ȴͣԶ
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147 ھ
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148 
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149 
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ĽתһãԺۡ
Ҧαָֿܿ־ۻңԼˡ
ĽȴԾƶǱ׾ĳһָʹĿƷָʵǽѽָ֮С
˵Ľﵽһ磬һвǽȭƻָž
ת۱һйȥŲʱҦƮˣԽĵĽ֪ĽԼȻˡ
ʦŤȭӯӯЦҪ
һȥҦԴ󣬲͸Ųɣ֮ɫͱò
ιǰɣ΢ЦĽĿͣ˿ûе⣬Ľɻ󣬿顣
Ľȭ΢Цǰ
һ˽⣬֪ǰһ̣ĺС֮ŷӡ
ȣ˿ûɱˣŷɥ
ض񡣡̰ڰ֣̾û뵽еˣ
Ľ΢Цǰʦʶ
ҡҡͷĿ⽥飬ƺС


150 
Ľº档
ιҡҡͷ̾˿ջĿ⣬תͷһڵ磬ڣԸ˰ɣ
Ϊȴ͸ĽǳȻǸ߹ԼΪʤһ
ĽЦҡͷʲôʦĻ־Ϊ̿࣬ԶԶ磬ǰϵúʦ֣
ţʶɡ̵ͷɽΪ
ĽʧȻûж˵֮⣬Ц·ʶ¸·
áףζȻˣ
ҦεʦҲԶ
԰ɡ̵
Ľ¶Цݣðˡ
бඣ̵
ĽЦڴһ񣬲ܼʶڽίʵһź
ðɣŤȥݺݵһĽԭΪĽŪԭһжƣԼɵһ
ĽǸȻЦЦ˵
߳˴ĿյϣĽνָ罣Ĩʱ⻪Ȼ΢Цǰ롪
ףɫ΢䣺˽
СɡĽ΢Ц
ҡͷ̾γһĽ¹ʣҡͷرˣҴ򲻹㣡
Ľüͷһ£̵һǶ֣û뵽㾹زˣ
Ľֽķˣǰˡ
̾ΪҲһٻᳬޣ޵֣Ǵ򲻹ģ
ԲݺݵĽҦ̾û뵽
̵ɽҲսǵĽˣǣ
˵תߣĽ¶Цҡͷ
ҦΰһĽιӣ˽ʲôǲǲأ
ĽЦɽɲ޵У׷󽣷⡣
ðɣɽΪʲôҦε
ĽЦеɽһȻİ
ѽҦοգüƬ̣ͷ꣬Եȵȿ
лҦĽȭ
и֪Ͳ̫׼ҦǵͷߣϤΣԤĻ׼

ɽϸ׷ף·һ㱡ɴɽŨ˼֣վɽ档
Ľվڴʯϣߣգյƺû׵֮
׵Ӧڻһ˿޵׵֮ʹԪ㾫ʵʵδɢɼǿᡣ
ƾһ˿׵֮׵ӦֻҪվۼܸܵõͬģҲ׵Ĺգ׵硣
һֱ׵ʱ棬ڸߴñţûÿһζܽס׵硣
¡һ͵𵴲ݡ
Ľһͬʱһˣ
¡׵ת۹˽ǰĽתԽԽ죬׵֮
꣡͵ĴճأĽ΢۾˲ʧԭأһ⡣
ʹͬʱӿ֣ĽƴתԪɢ׵磬֪׵֮
ǿҲȲ׵磬ˮˮ
һ¼УϣƴĴ߶ɢ׵硣
ͷǿ֮ľϣĪı仯ʱ쳣Ȼ׵֮
꣡һճأ漴¡¡ڶɽڻζ
ĽѾʧԭأղһ罵٣һ˲亹ղһѾҷ
׵ԽǿԽ׵磬һһ׵һƴ߶Ԫһʩչ˲ǿܣǱߡ
ղʱһѷ죬ճأƣڱζһ֮ðգȷʵ֮Σʧǻҷ̫Σա
һɾ֧ÿÿк֮⣬ٴҧŹһһεľ֮Σ
㼫޻ľͣϵľ֪˶ãһ׵ɢ硣
ͣԭһΪһ
ڶ峿һɽ¹Ŀ£һϮƮƮŲ죬ĺãĽƵɢˡ
ߵɽһֹסһĵһƬĵһü
ûϳĽʵڿԭˣͷûˣһ̿ɵ
룬ûóȻȥţоһ˿ֻǺһߣš
̫ӶϼĽϣڵȾ˺ڣꡭһƳĳХ
ɴ۾Ȼ϶䣬ֻХԽԽ죬ԼѪӿҪˡ


151 
ŭĴһȴԼХС΢š
ХȻֹĽתֻ̽ɱ۾
ʱӰղһкΡ
ףŤͷ
Ľس֣ѾһϮһ̶ɣӨĹڼת
Ľȭ΢Ц
Цеӣ˲һ
Ľ΢Цɽ
ߣղڹаɣʡ
ĽЦЦǵˣ
ߵ˭ܾˣղô£
Ľ΢Цҡͷ׵׽ҡ
ǱˣԲ¶Цݡ
ĽĨĨӣεͷǰɡ
һ»Ц绨쿩ЦʡôţæͣסŤͷһĽ̲סЦ
Ľ̾˿ҡͷȷʵǴɣûʲôġ
ߣһ̫໵£񹲷ߣƲƲ죬ֹסЦб
ĽЦԩˣһֻ϶̲
ƲЦ˵ʥڵɱ˲գۣ
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Ҳգ
Ľ΢ЦˣǾٻɣ
æһ̧֣ţ
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ԪһأˣŵĵԪ
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⻰ģһνԪԲȷʵңвǻҷ³һһ֮ʱǿޱȣ߶ʱ䣬ɾ
ֲô򲻹㣡̾ʮ£һܴ㣡
ĽЦǿδأ
ƲƲ죬мĵߣʦ˵ǵʮǵĽǽ̫ɣǵʮ²һ
ĽЦŵͷðɣҾĿԴ
кøУģʵǺദĵȴ
Ҫˣʡ
ĽЦǺڣʮ£ңȥҡ
ðɡߵ
Ľڰ֣Ҫ뿪ȻһЦ
Ľüͷ΢壬о˵⣬ڵĸоԽɽȻĸߡ
ǣߵǣ
Ľͷһۣڰ֣߰ɡ
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ĽҡͷЦ죬ȻûʲôöҧҧǴҪΣ
ɫһСǻȥɣֻҪԹԵģǾһ


152 
Цɽòɣ
ҲΪһЩˣò˰ˣ£ߺǺЦΪ⡣
ĽЦҡҡͷ⻰ҲЩվڵ˵ʲôֶιãʲôֶСջʲôֶΣΪ¶Լ
Ϊܵ»ӣίʵǺϸ䡣
Ц׽ȥǱɣɽ֣֮治֪޴ʲô̶ȣ
ǺǣôĿҡͷʧЦɽ䲻ãҲŰɣ
žԣб
Ľ̾˿εҡͷ˵λ컹˰ɣҲɱˣ
ӴСӺôĿʧЦǾˣһһ󣡡
ĽλʵǿᣬĴڣɽܵס֮ŭ
ɽҲǳصģߺһںôʢ֮ʵѸ
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ǺǣлСඣߺǺЦҡͷǻҪɱ㣡
Ľüͷһ£ЦΪΣ
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㵽˭߳
ĽҡͷЦСһֵһᣬΪƫҪɱң
Ϊǲñ֪һߵ׿еȻ
ĽЦЦɷѶˣ
ͷɫ΢䣬漴ǺЦĪҪڿϷҪӣ߰ɣ
νʣϻ˵ɣ
ҡͷ̾ǲײĲᰡڵ˶һƢְɣ

ĽҲҡͷ̾ǲײĲᰡ
亮һʱҽһƬǷ׷׿סʹеĹڵأеĶڵϣеĻ˹ȥ
Ľѹʣҡͷ̾Ϣ
ɴĽš
ĽĶ㻮ÿһȻƮݵĹʣһû̻Ϣ
⶯ó棬ƫƫָ˻оĶָ޷֮С
֪ĽĽ˵ԪȴҲû뵽ء
ĽĽǰһȴţһֱ֪߾ʲôӵģţǰ·
Ľһһˣǽ߾磬ᣬΪΪһΪɵһ
Ľ΢ЦߣҪɱô
㡭㵽˭ϵЦ̣ɫָĽߵ
Ľ΢Цʥڽں
ʥڣɫֱһ£һʵаһڣ
Ľ΢Цҡͷ˰ţʥڲаɡ
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ĽǺЦǾͶлˣ
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˵תҪ뿪ȻһЦҦس֣һϮƮƮ
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ҦЦѾͷ֪ն˰ɣ
ɽ겻ɢ
ҦЦܣιӣЦˣлν
Ľ΢ЦҡͷҶأκβģοҦ
Ҧ̾˿εҡͷӴǻˣר۸Ůˣ
ɫǺ죬ҦΣҦģˣ
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ߺȻЦҦŤͷһܣպģʲô鶼ڳɣҵҪı£
žžߺȻһףһźը죬Ϊһڿвɢ
Ҧüһʧԭأư£һʧæһܿơ
Ҧҹζ࣬һиһ߲鶯Ҧεߣһʱκβ
תʮйȥŲ𣬺ܿӿٸˣɽΧסˮйͨ
Ľһˣǲ׵ĸ֣ߣӣûˣɽżû뵽ʵۺһԶԶ硣
ٺ٣ҦģĩգߵЦԽ鶯һ
ǾͿǵıඣҦЦΪ⣬ûΧٵĸ֡
ߵϷƴͬھҲҪʦ㱨𣡡
ƾɽҦκһһ˵
˵һٿĳһһư߱ģ顱һɳȥڿѪȻ֡顱һأһˡ


153 
ȣѸݶ죬ˣٳ룬ЦӯӯĿߣƾǣ

ҦЦˣҰɣ
ЦҦ뼤ҳ֣
ҦҡͷΪͷģںɺͳ
Ըֻܴһϣ㵥߳ﲢϣ
˺ȻӦһǰԲȦСʩչĿռ䣬뿿˶ѹҦˡ
Ľ̾˿Լ£ܲɡ
ҦŤͷЦιӣЦˡ
ĽҡͷҦҪҰæɣ
ιӳֵĻ֮ãҦЦ
ĽͷҦǷһ飬Ҫģ
ȻҦЦھʣιӳ֣
Ľһˡһֻ͵һѪӿʧ֮ơ
Ľľǿ֮ԪܹţֱӿΧ
ʵѾضֻ֣һͷŪǡ
ãҦ̾һ
ҲĽĽѪӿҪʧأǿסˣΧˣ̾
Ľҡͷ̾˿Цûأˡ
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ĽЦСˣҦǾͽ㴦ˣһ
ҦЦιȥһɣ
ĽЦҡͷҳ̫ãûȥˡ
ιΪһѵԪҦʡ
Ľһ£ͷǡ
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΢УĽ𾪡
ĽЦûŪĻӦˣԲǳҦǣ
ҦæֵιӲֲ죬ȥһɣȴǣ
˵ղĽ˵ӯӯƮһһӹˣѨ

ĽЩΣǱҦǿģЦٻ⣬Ľ޷ܾŮˣֻܸ
ڵӷ׷װɽӴȥôĽᣬ֮սʴһ˵Խаǹغ
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ĽЦҦʹҲڣҲסġ
ǿδأҦҡͷ׼֣пҵķӣǹ׶㰵ѷأ
ĽЦҡͷۡ
ҦȻЦʵ뽣ȷʵЩԨԴ
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ĽȻҦεǲǾò񣿡
ĽͲ԰ɣ
Ҧ̾˿ҡͷʦפҲķҲ󣬿ϧܹ̼ϡ
Ľᡭ
ʥڲһɽݶʥǿᣬҲʲôꡣ
ڵһǳˣʹɱҲҪ°ӣʹֶΣ޲ðѶԷʰˣమ
Ҧҡͷ̾Ϣ֮һô֣˿ʼ֪Էݣ֪ˣòֿ
ĽüʦҺʦְɣ
ҦҡҡͷʦҲǱƲѵģȻĻ˽ɹͬ׷ɱ
Ľһ⻰֪۲䣬ҪһҦʦȴˡ
ĽüҦεʦʵΪ˺ãȻĻͲˣϱǺޣҲҪȫ
Ľҡҡͷϧ
ǰҦεͷ̾ŪˣͽκΣ˻Ųֻа飬Ҫ¡
Ľʦ뷨ɣ
ҦЦҲҵ뷨ôΪһֻ֮Լְ̫
ĽͷôҲ޿ɺǣǴ˵뷨鲢Ψһ룬һûİ飡
֮ôĽʡ
Ҧεͷһ֮û
ĽΣ
ʶʦˡҦε
Ľͷ̾ʦ͸ţԲܼڽﵽز
ʦҲġҦ̾
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ҦεЩʦһֱһϧԱʥڣٳ
ĽҦҴѶ
ǡҦεͷճɾιӰæ


154 ػ
Ľһ£ֻܻȥʦ˵һҪҪ
Ҧҡͷʵʵ˵档
ĽҪΣ
ҦЦҪڿȸʦ˵
ĽһʱſͨԼɵɵİѺڿȴݽΧԼĪ꣡
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ɽĽ룺һǧǴɽ
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ҦЦ֮󣬺޼УʱõʱιӾأ
ĽͷҦԺʦ˽
һֱڵΨһĿ꣬ܽǲеʹԼԪɽ䣬ָ֮տɴĿ꣬ãȻ޴룬ʱؼˣܸһЩ
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Ҿ͵ȹӵĺϢˣҦЦ
Ľ뿪ڣֱߣ칦صڣһ·ƽûʲôۡ

صʱϦŮ˱ȻͣΧ
߾һۣͷջܴΪ濴ˡ
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⵹١߾ףڶԵ֮ʮһܳͲˡ
ĽЦ⵹һƬġ
µǲ⡣߾ҡͷʮ꣬ȴܳȥʩչܸģ
Ľô죿
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ڽȷʵࡣ߾ͷ̾ҪƾԲǵҲ
ĽʦȥȰһȰɣҲƭʦ֡
ðɡ߾ͷ
ĽһȻܰѺƭɽһŪɳ׾ȥҪ߾ѣһ㣬߾ҲӦԼȥ
ңҲǷ߾һ顣

ɽڣĽСԺڣǡ⾲ɭɭ
硣һ֣ƷͣŤͷ⾲ȴٿһȵ翴У
Ľʳָһɢ⾲˺磬㾻۸ˣ
ĽЦ˶ԵУҲҪƽ
⾲˺һεĻʣΪˣ
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ˣ⾲ƲƲ죬Ƶʦã
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Ľü룬̾˿
ԪЩȲ뷵ԭ籨𣬿һ뵽ӰɽڼһսУͲġ
һɽĽһҪȥģʹ书죬սҲѱ⡣
һСĵġЦģ
Ľ룬ƣһ֮
ҡͷ磬ңԽԽˣ书վҪԼǲǣ
ĽοЦƣҪչˣҪܾã;ܳأһΣգ޷
İɣһСĵġƵ
ĽҡͷҲġ
ε̯̯֣ǺðɣôôɣαչҪã
ĽʱıչأѾܶˣԲϰߣÿζö꣬Ҫʱ䣬书Ǿúܿ졣
ĽһأҲʮꡣ
ôãɫ䡣
Ľһžˡ
æ磬οأ书ѾôˣαطҪ׷Щ翵ģ
ĽЦЦһţ׽סһһӡ
Щ֪Ȱˡ


155 
Ľ̾ƣ뻳ƣѧ纣Ʋɲ⣬Ϊ䲻ͣȴ޵УҲΣʱΪ
磬̫ˡ
Ľҡҡͷ־һǿʳĴ֣ԶбǿĴڣҲͣ½ŲҪûǣһңڣ򲻹ܣڲһˡ
ҡͷ̾Ϣһۣ׹֪ô
Ľһ¶Ц
ƽһǱ߻ðɣ
Ľεĵͷûж˵˵Ĭ
Ƶðɣҹܲ˴㣬һҪСģǿ书㶥⣬Աû⣡
Ľӡ
磬ɽڵӣʲô˶ҵġƵ
Ľҡͷһ˲ˣģһˣδӦ
Ҳ߯Сưһۡ
ĽһҡͷԹϴ赤Чûȫ߷ֻ˫֮ˡ
ƶʱһۣ۲ӯӯˮ
Ľ컯˳죬Ψд˷ûк󻼡
ƺͷ뵽Σû˹ͷζ̫̣޷ǡ
ĽЦһͷ˷ܿ촫ֵߡ
⾲˺ȻܻյԺٿһͣסһºˣȻ
δŮ֮£ȴ֪ô£ʱߺæתܣԭĽдһºȻָһ£û뵽¡
ĽڻӸĶȴΪ⣬Էɣʧȥ֪
ùһƳ̾Ϣû˶
⾲˵ڶ峿ܹƣһˣʲôҲ֪Цôˣʦã
⾲һϮ񣬴ʱĨһ֬绨æҡͷûʲôʦأ
ôҲ
糿ϴʱҲˣڷŹһȥ˻ҳ⻪ת
֪Ľ˫֮ݹΪ췭ظǴǰ
˴ǰַţܰһҹ֮ɾ֣Ľɫ԰׵ӣ֪ٴۡ

ĽȻһѹҶﻹв¸ٷؽڡ
ڵɽһƬûʲô˶£ֻԷʱ򣬲ŻһЩ
ǰûĽʱֻкһڸⲽæ֡
ʦ֣Ľȭǰ΢Ц
ۣɵʣˣ
Ľͷ΢Цˣ
ˣСʡ
Ľͷʳָһ㣬͡һХԱһӡ顱ըƬ
ãüȡ
Ľ΢Ц˵Ҳɵúܣȥɽ磬׵档
ɽʱһɫ
Ľʦ֣ȥڡ
ֲءҡͷ̾ʦﰡ˭ˣ
ĽϣҦǰǸҴʦֵ¡
ɫ糣ͷ
Ľʦ֣ȥǲȥ
ҡҡͷʦܣǳˣȥ˾ȥɣ
Ľʦܷ£
Цһ£ʱת˷ǣʲôŲµģ¾˰ɡ
Ľϸɫʦ֣Ҧ˵ǰѻһֱδ
΢ЦѾ·ˣܲô࣬ʦҲˡ
Ľʦ֣£ܾܺò
£ȥĵط
ĽЦ˵һЩ֮أͨһ磬֪١
ʦȥǱߴһü
ĽͷԪɣжˣȥ洳һ˵иĽ
룬ͷ
޳Ԫʵ˽䣬Ԫ˶ԣ䲢ѣԪһɽҲˮɡ
ʦɽ䣬޵֣ʦܷϽ֮˵Ƣԣ׷Ĳ޵£ǽ֮
Ψ˲ɽ䣬޵¡
ĽЦʦͬˣ
Ҳáͷôߣ᲻̫ˣ
ĽЦʦôʶһ½
ǡЦ
ûɹˣ˶Ϊû䣬޷ɽ䣬Ǽʶһ£֪ڵǿ
ĽֱˣǽҹУ
ĽЦҡͷʦ֣ҿˣһҳȥи̣鷳
һǿޱȣǿ֣һһʱ̻زڻĪѹ
ͷˣȷʵˣ
ҡͷЦѹþˣȲüĹҲʦӣ
Ľʦ֣֮һиôСǡ
İɣʦ㲻ˣ۸ڡͷЦ̫˰ɣ
ĽҡͷҼʹԪҲ˵˵С
ǵҲǡ±û޵е书ˣʦôҲˡ
ĽȭǣóĶˣȥɽġ
ӷ֪طűһ뿪ģвᣬ뵽ŮǺģҪ뿪
վһɽȣдеһУͷܸоɽ磬Զʤɽ
ָ㣬ҵΪ̫ۣһƬïܵһ󣬴󲻿ɲ⡣
Ƭ֣䵽ɳĮ᷺֪ܲߵóȥҵɽȡ
ɽŨ̫֮󣬸̫Զ̽ⲻ޷Ϊ˷֣ǷԵɺϣƬ·Ҳֲˡ
Ľվɽٳṳ̂ȥһ̤ȥܻصԭ磬ҲܲǣĪ֮Σա
ǿᣬ־ᶨĪδԲɣӿ糱ˮ޷ƽϢ
۲˰κһնͷָ
ſֱżףιҡͷЦֱӦ沢ԭ硣
ǶȻ뿪ǰڶһɽİλһѨҲ磬ϧܴﵽ
ſֱԸо治Լԭ֮أǶȻת뿪ֵһ
һҵϧһһֱԭͨ硣
Ľʧ֮־þ棬ѵֱͨ磿
һһ߹ϸ̽󣬷ͨһ磬ǸҲ磬ʤԭ硣
ػأطλ򣬱˴˼˲ƣʼȴҲҪһһ߹ʱ䡣
峿ʱ֣վɽǰҪ̤ȥʹԼԭ磬Ҳȥ
ȻͷһӦѣһʧԭأһˣƶһ˱ΧڵУ⽣Ӱɡ
Ľüƽ磬鷢һŵһˣΧ̫࣬Ӳ֣ƣԽԽĬؼǣһӣȻһ


156 
磡ƻ
Ľûֻ֣ܣô£
ӰڵˡƵ
Ľôֻ㣿
˵ŻƻһԲһȦ˷ɳȥѹ˺һƬӿĹƶʱһ
ĽԼһ˳
ɿʣĽһͷģԭΪͽأû뵽ˡ
磬ҷһţƺߵ
ĽǸӰڴˣ
šƵͷɱһЩǱΪʾ˱ܣû뵽һҪɱұء
ôǣĽ
ҪԼ뿪ˣһ׶༪٣뵽һļ£޷ʧȥƵĸоɱĶ
أʡ
Ľȫˣ
Цŵͷã
Ҳһ£ҪǴ粻֣ԼӲˣ㣬ǳҪԼ
ֻǵ书Ѿʴˣ
ĽɫһһʧųΧȰƮɣӹ֮˱㵹
˷ǿӣȴӲͬ鵲סˣֻ̫ܣΪֹߣ鲻͸磬ȥܡ
һĽոһ㣬ӹ֮˱㵹£Ƭ̹ĽͣƸǰ
üЦ磬㵽Ķ
²оһ
Ľ΢ЦѰһطչء
ߣƭˣûİһۡ
ĽɫƶεӣЩ£ƣΪˣɽƷɣ¹һ
æˣ˼ƱԹ׼ңʲô
ĽüߵҪҳأ
һ£ͷѩĽһͨ͸ˣˣߵҲ߯صˣ
Ľͷȷʵص磬㻹Ҫô
Ľ̾ҡͷͻȥɡ
ðƶʱϲĴӦ

ߣһŻȥ·ԶһЩ·ٶȸһЩǾĽദһˡ
绹Ҫչ𣿡ƽƮƮУĽ˫޼κΪԶͬſɱȡ
ĽƣڵΪɵֵˡ
Ľһ£ͷʵȥһط£֪ʱܻ
ʲôطæʡ
ĽЦҡҡͷҲҪô
ƣҲ֪Ľҡͷ΢ЦİɣҲΣգ
ǺʱƲĵ׷ʡ
²꣬ʵܲζض˻ɫȤζÿ춼һȻ
ĶʧһΧаȴƫƫ壬ҽ
ԭΪʧû뵽оϲ
ĽһӣҴֻҪд˾ͨ
һۼ硣Ƶ
ĽЦƣӳúܣ
ҡҡף̾˿
Ҳ֪ɼ˼֮ࡣ
ĽĨһԲͷϢһ°ס˿ڣ˿ѾĨɽڵҩЧĽ̼£ҩЧɢĸ졣
Ťͷһۣ磬
ĽͷЦһӰɡ
ˡҡͷ
ʹʹҪߵĻȥغá
Ľ΢ۣЩϧ벻ᣬŮԼĸԼʵǷࡣ
ȥĽ˲ʧ

Ľصɽȣ룬ɽԽԽŨһεѹ
Ľ΢۾ԼֱΣգ֮գļ棬Ҳؼҵ·˵ҵõ
֮󣬼ޱ޼ʣûҵĻҵõһзμǣʧһβ֪ʱȥһ˵
һ߿ԪɣԻؼԽԽԽԽС
ɽŮͷ˼Խ޲˫ᣬ˲ȥ
ϧƣΪ֪˼֮ࡣ
һߣ˼ӿǧͷӿȴᶨޱȣŨѹԽԽǿ
ǰһƬɵĿԶ֮һΡ
һѹǰǰһգȻʣȴһƬ֣ľߴ󣬲𣬺ֱִָߣԶԭɱȡ
Ľһ֣ٸΧҡͷ̾˿ֱȻûﲢԭ磬ûܻȥ
ʧ֮ЦƮһ̧ͷȴ߼ʣԶ޾̺ս
ԭɽƣʤһ߸׳࣬߳ȥҪ
ŨҪȥŨ֣һţʱһ⣬ֳɫ





1 
Ȼͷѽʣ
Ľü뽣ʣѹħĴӿɷǿᾫѹȥ
룬Ȼͷһţ顱һ죬һӣ䳤ժŽȻ
ٺħ֪Ԧ֮ȴƾǿľǿ࿹䷴ɡ
ħΪԿʥ߼ɣóʩչû͸߾һħ
ħﷴӦǿң˻֣ᷢ룬էһĨڣעĿ
룬ӻͳһ壬ˮʳָỮһӵġ⡱֣Ȼһ⡣
ӡħһϢϾϵԼ˱Ӧ
ЩƮһ峿ʱ֣һǰ
峿ߵʼϾģͨԱߵķ羰ûģٶӿ죬ԽԽ죬ʯһӶ
峿ʱ֣ƸһȴΧľɫûʲô仯
̧ͷߣϦϼȾ֣Ϧڵķһ·ۣƫаһߡ
ϦȥĺɫȻһգԣǰ·
ĽĻˮ棬һתѪ󷨲ǿľ񣬸ۣһһҹǾ
ڶ峿Χɫ仯Ƭ֣ȴһƬ֣ľƷֲͬûôߴ
֮۸գʮ֮ھǰȻı䷽򣬸ӰһһСԺ
һŵľݣǰһȺһ๷ſţĽһ
ĽԼϢȫȥһȺ˿粻̫ףһġ

ûˣĽݣٳʱ˻ҲʽԭҲ࣬ҲŤ
Ƥ𪣬ʹŴֲҲ͸һʣɴֻģˡ
´ԼһŪøʵһЩתǵߣ֣߳ǰһɽΡʣ˹֮ηСС
ɽ֮֮ٴιƣȻζļӿ죬Ϊһ̣ת۹ɽһƬﴩ󣬺ȻһСͣס
վסСԶˣһ걳һۺٸŲմС
Ľ΢һ޳ӣ²ֱֱͣĽ˲䵽˸ǰ
ĽѾˣۺٸſڿ걳ϣƺһ£ĽȴԾ
ٸԲԲԲӣˮӻڻԾϧ
ʱ߷ŭ֣ϧ
ĽǸϧӣ֪ʺʱӢ۾סվ˳ṦΪ
ĽҲ˵֪ǷͬԱ߼һ͵ĳ¡
õЦһܿͬʱǰ߳顱Ľ߳һţŶԽţĽû˺
ףȻĽ
ĽЦһٿĵ˿̽ȥץٸȴܹˣ͵ĵһȭ
ءƺ֪޳ХһȭӰ
Ľ¸̾ȻˣΧ˳棬ϵš
ҲһȭһȭӰȭӰ˲䵽ǿǰ
û뵽ȭӰô죬ܲʱ
ĽԾнסٸָ縧øһĴٸŷ̡
Ľţ
ۺٸΪ񣬺Ȼɴſ죬ֱֱĽ͵һȭ󵷳ȭӰ˲пꡣ
顱һ죬ַ˳ȥ
ĽЦӺɣ
ٸһٴΪ񣺡лӴȣ
Ľڰ֣ԸûŪҿ鲻ԣԾΣͶһѡ
ٸվĿ꣺ӣǸˣ빫е
ĽΪ񣿡
ٸҡҡͷӿɷһȥ
סĽͷ
ٸСŮӼסǡ
ĽЩ˼Ҵûɽ֪ùָ·
áٸͷһֱſꡣ
ȴһֱʧܣһֵ£Ľȭؾһһݲ
Ľ߰ɡ
ٸꡣ
Ľҡͷɡ
ٸſ꿴һᣬЩԸȴͷӦȻ΢Цӣ·ߡ
ĽЩΪѵĿĽţֻѩײ࣬ûѥӣ·


2 
ٸͷԼ㣬˵ɲ
ĽԼɲ·ЩȥΪ
Ľҡͷٸ̫֪£Цδ̹﷼
СŮӶˡٸ󷽵Ļش𣺡մ
ҽ޼ɡĽɫˣ¼ˣұ߰ɣ
⡭˳ɡ
Ľشֱ׵ǰûˣĽ̽һϥ˫һ˵ϡ
Ľֱ磬ǰţ΢۾Ҷ
Ľǵķ԰ɣ
Уڳˮĸ־õʩչ
˾ýȪ˵ůǰţХȴܿԼ
书۽ȴͣͷһۣͷš
Ľһֱܵǰɣ
šͷ
Ľٶʣٶȸ죬ǰﻯΪŤĹ⣬ɫԻƼӣ
Ϧ£ĺɫӿʱ֣ĽͣһߴΡĳǰǿϡ
Ľкʮ¥ߣվԽԽԱ΢С
߲ĳǽһһڵǳǽʯͷɫ̵̦˱
ǶǡĽüңܹŹ֣һҲʶ
ţǡףߴ٣ӣǿЩȥɡ
Ľá
˳һ£ΪѵӣСŮһ󡣡
Ľ뽲
ܲܰҽǹͶӣ˫ѥӣ
ĽʱףЦãȥȥ
ȰѶ˴ԱغˣȻƮ˶ǣûΪѣɽ
ϵã˵һ޶ܿһСγĸýĽηɡ

ֺ󣬰Ѷ˽ӽСΣٽ˳ǣڶ˵ָ£һӴĸۡǰͣ¡
޴ʯʨǰվ꣬࣬磬ɨӣһС
Сͣǰһ̤ǰҪֹ۾һӶʱӿЦݣС㣡
¶ЦݣСֵ
æС㣬ﶼˣ
ǸȻôﵣˣ𣿡
Ц³ȥˣûء
ɿ΢ЦǺãҽȥˣҸ˵һ
ǣС㣡깧ĵͷ
Ľվڽԣɫ˼Ľ͸ϧСΨ˵һ㡣
һҲˣ˫綤ڵϣվʯʨǰһ˫ܣʧ衣
ʯʨӸߴ׳˻ߣɢƣʱ˹Ӵѹ
ĽʯʨʯʨžԻѹûоٸߴҲûôǿѹ
ٿ꣬ⶭ治СӣȴΪףҪѵأΪѵá
ת֣ӣա
Ľͷӻ֣η̧ӿ첽뿪һ㣬ߡ
ٱ䣬Ŀճอ
ĽЩڵĵҾͲȥ˰ɡ
ӣա
С㣬ǡһֱվʯʨǰİʡ
˵СҪӣ׶༪١
궢Ľƺ뿴ģССĲϸˣ
˳С˻һֲô
ǣСѩܱҼ顣æͷȭĽλӣлС㣡
ĽЦЦˡ
ӣա
Ľͷ涭ԽʯʨԱߵСŽȥǰһձڣżɣơ
תձǰȻʣһƬ԰һС԰ͨĺɫ֮Уơ
ȥɡƣȣ̬˵ˡ
Ľһǳȥɣ뱨ҵĻҽѧɣ飬֡
Ӳʶ֣ʡ
Ľһֱɽ书ʲôҲⶫǣϹʲôҲ
ʶȷʵͦѵġͷҽʶְɣӾ߰ɡ
⻰˵ֺ꣬ˡ
⻰һΪ˱һΪԼǰſĽϣǰţǰδе̤ʵܵ˰
Ľһ£ЦҿǸ϶ϣιֳˣݵô
ˣӷİɡ
Ľ͸ŵļᶨ֪ⲻһ£ȴû˵ٺò
ڶһ֪Ҳһļ壬Ĵ۽磬ʡܶ๦
ϧëַˣãһ֮æﵽס


3 
һһ˵ȣ̬ӯţսԺһתһСһţһԺӡ
һ̤ԺӣĵӰ֣ĵͬȴĸŮ˹
С㣡˴ϲӭĿתĶŶˣĽ񲻴ڡ
ĸŮ毺涼ѵһ˶վڶ˸ǰõࡣ
һԲŮʣС㣬û˰ɣ
ҡͷЦӾҡ
Ů·ſ˵Ŀϣ͸ӣȴûим
񣡡ûӣٻز
ǣС㡣˴ӦţĿ͸ӡ
ҡҡףʣβ빢أ
ȥСˣûأԲŮƲƲ졣
һۣܿ촩ԺǰĻԣݣǰȻһ
ݲ󣬵ƻͨ׵̺ɫļҾߣŨŮϢ
ڷһŰ齣գϴϰ̣Ϣ
̫ˣĪЦ԰һոĽ
ĽڰЦô
ףĸһ飬Ļﻪͣͬõġ
Ľȭ΢ЦŮͷȴû˵
ԲŮЦС㣬λմѽ
Ľ޼ɡ
޼ɡԲŮЦлС㣡
ĽҡͷЦЦ
ŮԼģĺأ˵Ƕ˵ľˣĸʹ飬Ҳ˽䱸
ûֻ֣б顣
֪ˣһ嵭յĹŮʣ۾
Ľ֪ﻪЦҲ֪Լˡ
ǣһֲ˻ˣ
С㣬СΪѽ
ҲùӰ˺ߵҪӣұɣѽ
ĽЦ֮˲У֮ĲޣĻ죬ûʲôġ
ӣʵ̫ʧˣûжġһǸ
ĽûʹǸЦŰֿ֣ˣ
ףȻЦҾͲˣЪһЪ湫ϴ
Ľֵﲻؿˣһ徲ˣϲ˶࣬ڡ
⡭˳һ£ͷҵĻΣ
ĽЦһֱɽʲôҲģݣҪҾͰŪݰɣ
̫ίˡҡͷ
Ľæ֣ίίУϲݲݴͨ
Ǻðɣ԰ɽӴˡ˳һ£ͷӿ⡣
С㣬԰һֱǶġ
˵ﻪٹܺ԰ˡ
ǡһֱĹŮͷһĽӷˡ
ĽæҡͷЦЦƺЩִģ
԰һӣѶڳӵķɡԸ
ǣС㣬ȥʰӣʧˡ
һȻŮƮƮ뿪ӡ
ǶˣǸȻӱ¸һʶǽŹˡ
ĽЦҡҡͷҲǹĹ
ѽͷ̾Ϣ̫ܣǡ
Ľ棬ȴ뽻ǳЦҪǲĻҲסڸڵģʵû뵽˴֮ҡ
̾ϢԸƽ˼ҡ
ӯѩɲյĹһֱģĬȻ˲裬ĬȻ¡
Ǻܿ˵ѾʰӣŮĽԺӣ԰
԰󣬵ܾ£һССͤƻͨȹһŵ̾ϡ
ƹ棬΢Ϻɻ䣬ĽܿˮµĽںɼȥ
СǸֻԻƣһ֣һСݣǰЦָݣӿ⣿
Ľ̾ǺõطҺϲл
ȻЦϲͺã
Ľһ֮󣬸ϲ齣񰸣Ҿߣһн͸֮
һúһУҾ뱻춼ȫֱӿס
߶֮Ľϥϣ¶һ˿΢ЦһŵĵطԴݵʶ硣
޲һ»صԭ磬ħŮԲлĻ̽档
֪ܻܲȥЩزֻܼܼ֮֮ɣٲ
һʱ󣬴кԷ֮ԺӣݣһȥĿԼ


4 
ڵƻԻͣʤ硣
߽Żü԰ףһݾΣһ׳ӥ
Ľһ̤ݣĵĿ붴θ׶Լ͸Լġ
˻һϮ紺㽿ޣӯӯȻЦӣǺβǹǱҵģβǾҵӣ
ӣллջĿ⣬΢Цȭ
βݣ΢ЦӢ۳꣬Ҫӳ֣ͷӰĪˣҲǵĶˣ
Ľȭ񣺡ǰ
׳ʹ͸ϣǺЦӢۣ֪Ժţ
Ľ׼˵ǣЦһֱɽʦʦź˶
ǺЦΪʦһλˡ
Ľҡͷʦһֱû˵֡
ͷЩ˶жԸ񣬿ʦʵ
ĽʦǸˣԲš
˸˿ϧ̡ܵϧҡͷϧϧ
˵ɣ˵
ǣС㡣æӦЦĽ¡
Ľó̽̽̽ԼĵףװûЦŶԺβͷߡ
ƮĽپڶ˼Ϣ
Ůһ̺Ľһ£С㣬Ҫϲô
ʼɡס
ŮӯĽϺܿʮˣɫζȫ˴˱ǵƣǵĽʳָ󶯡
ӣǱ߳Ա˵ɡ˶񱭣ԾĽĽ֪ߵǣֱһںˡ
һһ񱻵ȼˡ
þƣһ̾
΢ЦȣǸҵľơ
ʲôƣĽʡ
˵Ѫ顣
ĽͷѪ顭Ǻþƣ
ӹȻܺҾơ΢Ц
ĽЦɽԼƣƲˣлˣ
Ӳؿġ˵Ҫϲÿ͹һ̳
С㣬̫ңÿһ̳ܲסβ΢Ц
Ľǰ˵ǣôõľƣҺҲ̣ˡ
üôҿˣ
ĽǺЦǺãҾˣ

ڵգ֪ĽĵףĽװ֪̹̹ܼ򵥡
·ʱһɽһСľݣסûưˣǺϣԲűһ˵ǡ
֪Ľһ̳Ѫ飬ȣĿЩƮͷʼˣ˵ԽԽ
пԼˣǿᣬ־һֱѣ
βûĻĽһһ˵ˣöһֱü鲻á
ʹ֮󣬹С㣬ôΪȴʯͷĳģСһûġ
ܸоĵǻˡ
ҡͷС㣬ն֪֪治֪ĵġ
βͬĵͷϹ˵öԣС㻹ᣬ֪նʲô̶ȣҪСĵġ
ô̫ˣ˲ΪȻҡͷ
һ֤ףǼӱˣ
ÿ˶ôģҿӾǸظˡ
ǺЦС㣬µĸȨС㻹ǲ̫˽š
˰һ۵ģҾӲˣ˲һ
С㣬µ˶һġЦ
βڰ֣С㣬мǸмССģ£ģСóȻӦ԰еͻˡ
β¶ˣҲġ˽촽
ðɺðɡβεͷ
˵ǱΪˣ
ðɡ̾Ǹʵˡ
ĽȻЦһ
˶Ľ˫۾â䣬ǣһķĿ̬ͬһˡ
Цʦ˵죬ˣҿˣ
Ťͷ򹢲չģһȴôҪͻؼֵˣ
ɫһ±ˣҪ죬ĽŤͷβպεģ㵹ǸˣΪҲʵ
βѩ׺ӣҡͷЦЦ
æӣ
Ľ۾һɣ˭ˣû
ŭĵһߣǳ⣬ⲻȡ
ĽָָβЦ϶ܱȫ
˵ʳָһ㣬͡һХһ׹ǽϵɽˮһСй͸
˶һβһۣǿĽǳƾһָ㹻Ǻһˡ
ף˱ǣĽͷڣתʧϵĺɢ˫ۻָ
ǡĽʣܣԼĿŹ֣Բʡ
ӣˣɿ
Ľôˣ
ЦѪ̫ңӺˡ
ˣĽһ£ЦҴСֻһΣʦѵһΣûٸû뵽һɽˣ
ǽϵĶǡôһɽȣȵȪۣź֣ȴۡ
ָָҸɵģ
Ц书
ĽͷЩΣЦˣûʲô°ɣиëһ˾ͰˣƷ裬£
ûûС˰ڰЦӳһָˡ
ͺͺáĽһµ飬ҡͷﻹǱҾˣ̫ңܲˣƷ˿Цˣ
ٺȵҪġ˵
ĽҡͷܾˣɫŹֵϣǰǰûʧɣ
εĿЦԲλడһͰ׻ˣ
Ľ˼ĵһʧˣɽҰ֮ˣ˵ֱǰҪ֡
ϰڰֲ֣㣬Ҳһ
Ľͷ˼Ҷ˵ʲôʧĻ
Цܵ棬ϣϣ¸Ӽƽˣ
Ľһ
ǷҲ⣬̫׽ʾԼǡ
ľϯƽϲ̽
ƺ֮ʣϷ񱭣С㣬ϽһĪĪ衣Īҵӡ
һ£Īӣ
үġϵ
˳ϺߵҪѷˣ
ϵүһûȰˡ
üҲμң
ҡͷ̾ϺΣ˵仰𲻰ү¶ģμҲû޵ģ
Ľ¶ɻ飬ת
Ϲûа˼˵ԵģϺߵүԽİˣ
ЩǺμû֮ƣҲԹЦ
ôûҲȥ붭ݣ
ٹδඡźЦ
ЦǵĿԴ
æ˫鰴ϹϣҲЦ
ĽεЦס


5 
˰һۣӣǣǳԲˣջðɣ
Ľͷ̾ҿɴûԹôóԵģ
Цϲͺá
ĽƿʱˣҲ㷹ûȥˡ
æҪߣ
ĽЦԷ㣬ٴȥҲû˼οɲ¡
˵ͣһɡ
Ľʱһ壬ĵʦģξ䣬һղΥ
ˮͷһղɻȱֲùĳɾͣҾͲǿˣ
빢ϸ׵ͷǶĽн٣С߯񣬴ʱҲɵͷΪݺļкãҲûôˡ
͹ӻȥɡ
һϮĽ΢Цͷӣ
ĽЦʹ㡣
ʱȻ΢ЦŵݣĽת˱ȭȻ̤ż
ڴŵ㣬˵ƻҲĬŴ·֦ڡ
˺ܿ촩Ժӣ԰԰ƻԻֱͣߣɽϣһ
Сͤ硣
㣬ذɣԼȥɡĽ΢Ц
ŤҰ﹫̺ñɡ
Ľҡͷһ˴ˣϰ߱ź򣬴ذɡ
Ǻá΢ЦСԹ󣬻԰ǲ
Ľ˵ϱ
Цҿû˵Ӵ
Ľҡͷ̾߯࣬ʵڷˣ
ЦסһӾϰˣҸˣ
תŵӯӯ뿪ĽջĿ⣬֣صԼ

ݡ
Ľ봺һ뿪һ絽ɽˮ£ǸԲס
Сӣ
Ҳߵǰҡҡͷ
˵ϣϣ̫ˣӿҵľˣô̫ˣ
ЦСΪˣˣҲԹϹȻðôһ֣˭ܲɣ
ϸ׵ͷνʦͽôΪŴ
˵Ҳ̫Сˡ
ҡͷôΪҩķʦָ㣬ȱһɣһ߼汸ôܣҩͲһ˿õ
˵סɽҩ¡
ҡͷСĻҲûƳ
˺Уʱϡ
ϰ֣Ϲ˵̫ûߣˣλǸֱĳģѲ⣬Ҫзźá
Ҫɱɱˡҡͷ
ҡͷҪĲǷǷܡ
üõƳһۡ
ϵС㣬òϺҲһƬġ
ЦȥˣͳһԲ뿪ˡ
С㣡ҡͷ̾Ϣ
ϵϹС𣿡
ŪʵϽźüë˵³ֱɣֺĻ˵Ļɣƫƫֲ񡣡
ͷвǳ

ݵϣĽö֮۹ܣ۵ףڵСԺλ࣬λúܺã˵ڸλ͡
Ľ۲죬λߣʲôէһ֪ûжϵݡ
һ¸ҹգԣ˾ϣź¼š
Ľ̾ϢϧȴûóȻţװ֪һһ쿴֡
ڶ峿һƬյһȭ̫ȭмƣᣬ࣬ˮĿ
˵ĽŲ𣬶봺ѩɻīӨס
Ľͣȭתȭ΢ЦЦ˯ûðɣ
ĽЦ徻ɽû
ͺáͷ̹ʶ֡
Ľ롣
ܿ뿪һһʯʯʣС㣬ӣİΣ
ףãӾΣ
ĽӦ˰ڰ֣ѱīֽڵʯϣһ飬Ȼ˵һԡ
˵ȥɡ
ǣС㡣һĽתҪ뿪
ĽЦɣҶˡ
ЦﲻʶֵĶȥʲô˵ġ
ǺðɡһĽϸģйŮȷʵй֮ӡ
ŵ£Ľߣˡ
˷һҳ飬дһ֣Ľ䲻ʶʲô֣ܿζ
˵Ҵͷ̣ӱżÿѧ֣Σ
ĽЦûʲôǼԺá
˵ȿ֡
д֣޼ɡ
дԼ֣д֣ϵ֣Ľ֪йк־
ĽйĿ֮ܣ临ӣȴԶɵļסˡ
һؼдһ֣ȻĽϸϸ˵Ľס֮дһżǰдµؼʣĽĻһģһĸ
˼֮󣬴Ӻ
ĽЦҲǱƳģʦûٴңóˣ
ʦˡЦ
һһٸ֣ĽЦȵɣǵ̫죬ٽ
áɿ±ʡ
Ľлʱһľй򿪺ȡĸˣͷ
˳ԹĽԼߡ
ź죬ϺɻζнӰӣһȺȺζ
Ľź棬Խڸ֮ңԽ࣬ǲǣ
ǰͷ¶ЦǶ֣ڸԴӦûʲôգٻô롣
ĽЦҵ书΢ʱкܶෳգʱ;ã书ǿ˾ܽһзգ书ŷ֣һû٣ˣظҲһġ
ǰ̾ϢһҲ˵ģͯǣ˷գδ磬ûμţδͲˣӴ˴ﶼֵĿңҺ˺δ磬ڼҲ˶֮ˡ
Ľҡͷȷʵʱ˲á
ѽ˿ЦֻԹ࣡δ統õһأֻһˣںμõⱦء
Ľü˭Ҳߣô̫ǡ
һۣҡҡףǺδıأ˭Ҳ̰μ붭Ҷ룡
ĽȻǺιӵģβߺμң߶Ҳã±ûжԴǵ˭ҲߣΪ̰ͼ
ҡͷᡣ
Ľüȷʵ鷳Һμغջ
ʣμ붭˭ǿ˭
࣬˵μΪ𡣡


6 ս
Ľҡͷѡ
˵Һɵô
Ľͷôȷʵǣͷˣⱦغˣ
˵һλֵıأš˵
ĽЦ鷳ˡ
ǰ̾ҡͷҪҷˣ˵źμңΪӡ
ĽҲιȥⱦؾģ⴦õġ
ҡͷδģˡ
Ľͷԭˡ
Ȼ־⣬ΪһԶֵܼ࣬ڣίʵףü
˳ĬˣľⲽһСͤʯԣԶҹա
粻ö㷢һˡ
Ľ̾ߵһֻܼȥˣ¼ֲסΪһ֮ǳصģ֪Ī֪㣬
ѽ˿ҹգ񣬱ƹӳþӨ͸Ȼ̾ϢһнһУ
ĽӦ
̾ϢҲֵ֪ܼʱ
Ľ΢Цһġ
лӣŤͷȻ΢Ц书ߣܻȫ빫ϣǴⱨҲ빫Ӱæ˼ӱ֡
Ľҡҡͷܺ˵ıԣܰæá
˵϶ΪҺãҲһʶ
ĽЦЦһֱƹΪˣǺμҵˣ
ǡ˵ͷϷδҡ
ĽǺμˣźμң
ֻںδ硣˵
ĽͷͺãƵôӦ
ʵڲҾҵط˵
Ľҡͷףһʱ㲻һʵڲУ˵˰ɡ
һµɴ
ĽﲼһٵıأȻװԸ˵ˡ
ҡͷٴֵܷó
ĽЦЦι˵汦ǼٱأҲ֪ǲǣ
һɫҡҡͷδ粻ƭҡ
Ľ΢Цȴδأ˵ι̽أƶǼٵģ
ҡͷģģ˵
Ľټ٣ټ棬˭˵壡¹ؼҪء
ĽĻ

Ľ죬Ů
ιѹŤͷĽõĵδ粻ƭңķô
ĽЦ޷ܱںһЩɡ
ͷлӣЪϢˡ
Ҿ͸ˡĽȭ뿪Сͤصݡ
ڶ峿ֽĽʶ֣ѧһٸ֣Ľǵִ֡
ڳԷʱĻһϮ£һŻ嵽ǰС㣬Ī
üĪӣ
ĻλĪѽݷСء
ü𣺡˵Ҳڣ
ĻҡͷѾ˵ţ˵֪Сأ
üʣ빢أ
Ļڿء
˳һ£ɣ
ϡĻˡ
ĽҪҪرһ£
ˡҡͷĪ߲ƣһҲ̤ʵ
ĽЦٲҲڶְɣ
˵ҴĪӣǸ֮ˣĿӡ
ĽͷҾͳʶ
˻䣬һȺζܿ쵽ǰͷǸ޳ͦεӢ꣬üӢ˲
֮ɷܿǰȭЦĪ衼С㣡
ӯӯһ񣺡ĪʧԶӭɡ
лС㡣Ī衱ȭ棬ЦóȻţСĪ֡
ЦЦ֪Īкָ̣
ԼѾܲˣȴףĪĶ΢Ц˵ǹ׿һ
ԭףϧҲͨ书ĪҴˡ
ǺǡĪЦС㲻ͨ书֪СĻǶ֡
ü빢ϡ
ĪֵС㻤жҸ֣кμҵĶ֣һ°ݻҸ֣ʡһųֶ̣Ϊ
˵ϣϣǵ˼أ
ϸ΢ЦˣϲԽΪܣϸ첲ˣʲô˼дɡ
ϺǺЦӣΣ
˵ŰĿͶĽĽڶߣۣʱע⡣
ĽָָԼȻҡ
ǺǡЦӣͲ࣬꿡ܣţһΣ
ĽЦ˰ɡ
˵Ӳ˶֣ǺϹĪ߼аɡ
ε̾С㣬²ĪӵĶ֡
һֿһ۹ϣ֪Բ飬üĽ
ĽЦҶǹ֪һĪҪʧˣ׳׾˰ɡ
Ī΢۾ĽĿ¶
ĽΪ΢ЦԶԡ


7 
ΪĽⲻǶ֣ĪӲϲд裬ĪҲҴˣֻдҶǹ洫
ĪһֱĽĽ΢Цһƶ緶ĪջЦԭǸ廨ͷ
ĽҡͷЦЦ治ɫҲװûĽ²̨ȴ°ĪӷҪӶˣ
üĪӣӲ붯֣αͱˣ
Ī衰Ȼ΢Цһ£΢΢ҾƢðĵطλ֣ҿ˵컨׹Ҳûãֵ¼¡
ĽҡͷĪ衰ΰĿһеģȷʵм磬һŮܲס
һ۶ˣü֮ɫԱ
Ī衵ŭֱĽЦǳЦͲǰֱӱĽˡ
Ī˺ģҪݺݽѵһģһ̵Ľѵ֪ߵغͲ󣬰С
֮߰ݲñ˸߰ĽЦǫͣĪǰˣټĽ˶ۣĪôò˳ۣѵһͨԳƽ
Ľֻҡͷ΢ЦһԣҲΣ˶ŴܳסЦóСҲ߯ˡ
˳ߵĪԶǿͣأ
Īɨһ۶ˣĽЦվŮ˺棬ǳϢ
ĽҡͷĪͺĲͦ𣬺αͱأ
ҾͱˣǸ˾վĪЦŮηη˶
Ľ̾˿ֵһ¶ˣ̾ֻܶˡ
ӣ¸һʶæ
ĽУĪ衵ļĪ衵ļʽ֣һи̿ɲˡ
ĽҡͷҳէͷĪҪд裬ƴǾ͸Ҷˡ
ӡԵġ
ĽЦдѣҪġ
ŤͷĪ衣Īд裬㵽Ϊֹ
Ī衿һĽЦСľǣҲ
һ۲ٶ˵üŭ϶Ƕ֣Ī衺ܼɵ

Ľ̤ǰ΢ЦĪǹ
ǹһ̡Ī衰Ȼб㲻ᶭǹȭŻǵɣ
ĽŤͷ㣬鷳ðǹ
ͷתӯӯƮߣܿһ֧ǹ°׵ǹԲֱͦںڵǹҫһ˿âҲޣ͸һ˿
ĽǹһˡһǹͷһƬӰӣǹͷǳ
ǹ̾һ
ӣǹСġ
ĽŤͷЦлˡ
΢Ц崫ҵģҲòϡ
ȲˣĪ衲ͷĺߵĽϲЦ̣˵ķꡣ
ĽЦЦûǹǼģҲ˼ǹĪʶǹҾ׳ˣ
ϻ˵ְɣĪ衺ߵ
ĽЦǺðɣ
ǹǰֿյϣĪһվĽ⡣
ְɣĪ衲ͷĵĥĥģ
Ľһǹ΢Цɣ
ȣĪ衺ߵ
ĽЦҡҡͷһ̣͡һХǹѾĪؿǰǹóһƬӰӣҪ
Ī̽һߵȻмֱ£
飡һӡĪӭǹ⣬һ죬ľͷײһ
ĽǹһֱжȥǿǹΣĪؿڣȸղŸһ֡
þݣ˳ǹ绢Ī衵񣬵ǿ֮ϧĽǹֱж
Īֱֱɳ⣬żڵĵĽš
Ľüҡͷû뵽Īڼף
Ī衴ӻͳһ壬ԭε壬һС羫ĵɵ񻷡
ĽЦһöӲ񡣡
Ī衿ϵ壬ɫĽããû뵽㾹ز¶׾ˣ
ĽЦЦ
϶һۣ龪죬ĿģʱĽһǹ̵ϡ
Ȿûг棬һС˺ۣûѣȻһǹľרһ㣬
רһõҪǹⲻ赭д
Ī衰һףγС㣬ɣ
һȪڽתһ֪ǱɢӯӯӨ⡣
ĽЦ롪
ĪӣȻ̤첽ٿһµĽǰһ
Ľһˡһ죬ǹ죬ǹ⽻ŽһƬ
ĽȻתһĪ󣬸š顱һ죬Ī衷˳ȥȴǱǹײˡ
Ľǹ΢ЦĪˣ
ĪǱվڷ飬ǹ˿ȥ󣬵죬Ҵܾǲɢ


8 
ݺݵĽһֱƭķ߿⻹ͨǹƭ˵ģ
ĽЦĪҪٱ𣿡
ĪЦҼˣȡˣ
ĽȭЦЦ˻ضߣѳǹЦûﶪ˰ɣ
Ц绨û뵽Ľǹ˸оʤ˹ϺҲ򲻹Ī衡
ŤͷЦĪкָ̣
ǣĪûٴŤͷߡ
뿪ˣĽҡͷ̾λĪΪʵǳ
ǱӴˣȻЦӵΪʤһ
ĽҡͷҲǿ٣ǹˡ
ӵǹʵҿѷڶǹˡϸ΢ЦϷ۽磡
ĽüͷһЦˣҰʽлĻҲʶһ¶ǹ
ð˵ͷҸ˵һд輸С
ٺòĽЦ
ϺǺЦӣӵǹϼ洫֮ƣɵСģ
ĽЦǵҪʶһ
һֱźӳԺĽʩչǹܼ򵥣ּ
ÿһ飬ԽĽǹҴ׾żףȴѾȫֻжֲ¡
Ī衶Ȼ䣬ľƾԸ񲻻˸ɴ뿪λز¶ǹɲʲôҰʽ
ӣȵȣȥҴ硣˺ȻĽܾӯӯ뿪
ĽҲܾҡͷЦһûء
æһ˼šϵϼ£Ǵڸ𡣡
ĽҪˡ
ʧġϰȻ
ĽЦЦλӲһùķڷΪƽ֮

Լһյʱ䣬ŲĻ̌ͷȥȹһ޳εˡ
Ľüͷһ£¸ɾ䣬һųţòˣһ˫۾Ϭֱ͸ġ
Ľû뵽ˣΪ˲࣬ڿȴ˵ĸһ㣬˲˲١
ӡ϶ȭ
Ľ֪жɣҲȭ
ɰڰ֣ϬĿĽӣһ˲ţлСá
Ľ΢Ц֮͡
ĪӱˣǰٲȻλĪӺѲлǴߡ
ĽЦӿˡ
ŤͷСã˵ǹ׿ѷǶǹ
ӯӯĽһۣЦĪûסʮУõô
ü룬ҡҡͷĪᣬȴ츳ˣ˵ĪҰѵһţΪʮƲס
ЦˣʶһǵǹҲ׾ˡ
üǹôãӣǾͱȻȻ
ĽȭЦ֮
˰ڰ֣ѳǹݸĽĽӹ󣬿УҲ߹ǹ
ԶȻϢƮ꣬һųǹһųƮƮ
ֽӹǹһˡһǹͷ·˹ͣţ趯
Ľ΢Цţ˺ȭЦӲؿ룡
ǹɳȵʱǹͷĽѸ׵磬Ⱥ˹
ĽһǹʱһƬ⻤ǰǹͷײӰϵɢֳ֣һһ಻
ĽһߴһˣǹӿɣĽͨŲжȥ
Ľ·磬üһᣬŤͷʣϣռϷô
ǡףǹʤһ
Ҫܣʡ
ϳҡͷҿһʱҲܲˡ
˵Żٱ䣬ǹȻ仺ÿһǹ̽ǹͷã巽λ
ĽǹֲͬһֱǺˣǲٿһʯһţѾ˶ɵǹơ
ڹһһֱżһѸ磬ûأָֻ˾û
ϣ˭ռϷ磿˵ʡ
ϽųУüͷţҡҡͷ
¶ЦݣŤͷС
ι󣬶˺һҡͷٴȥҲûգ
ĽǹȭЦǹǹȻһ
һĽ΢ЦǹϧҲФ㣬ӵǹ֪źɣ
Ľҡͷǰ˵ְ
ɻ̾ԭˣ֪λʿϧһСãúдӡ
ǣ硣Цİɣ˶ˡ
ɵͺã츸׳أȥˡ
ǡεͷ


9 ɱ
ɳĽͷתȻȥ˿ûܵľɥʤһ㡣
ĽŶɵıӰûѹ䶥ľѧûʩչаջԼ
ϸЦʣǹˣϷ
ϺߵǺμҵĽΣ
Цҡҡͷȹ֪лδӹпϹǶˣ
Ϻһ㲻һ򲻷ϵ
ЦӣҲŷˣˣȸˣ
׵ϹϣǶȥЪŰɣҽ첻ȥˣ
ǡӦһ˳Ľͷתˡ
Ƕ˵ĻڸȻҪܣ׮˴
Ƕ뿪ˣ˵ӣûʩչء
Ľͷʾס
˵ӽôţ
ĽЦŪһ»ݣʶ֣Ҫͷˡ
Ҳ¡ڰ֣ȥ緹ɣúˣһ¹ӡ
ǡӦһȥˡ
ֻĽ붭ˣ׶Ҫ˵ˡ
ϸ룬ӵһԡⲽȥ
Ľһ̤ϺȣСͤ˷ˣԶգҪܲС
ĽЦͨˡ
תӯӯ˸Լǣǰֲ̫̫á
ĽЦһ£û˵
˵ֻҪܻסδܣʲôҶҪԡ
ĽЦͨͺá
üˣѾҡ
ĽҿӶԹû⡣
¶΢ЦСңΪҲңûңȻûȥˣ
Ľ˵ûС
֪󣬻ҡҡҡͷ̾ϢǴҲԭҡ
ĽüҪȸ˵ס
šȻ
Ľµ񣬺μҿסֻҡ
ɡü
ĽҲɱ㣬μһɱڡ
ҡͷμҲû֪صλá
ǿδءĽҡͷʹǲ֪ҲţһҪɱڵġ
˳Ĭҡҡͷġ
ĽЦЦٶ˵ˡ

תۼ䣬Ľڶʮ죬Ľһ꣬ûʲô̵ˣļԼֲˡ
вٹĿģĽ츳ˣҲ棬̾Ľȴû쳣
Ľʶ֣ȻȥߣĽһһʶһ硣
ڶ֮۹ƶǣַԹһ䣬ʹĴӦ
߸ŴйϺϣټĽһ˳˶֣߳
ӣĽΧǣǰ綼ͬİ
ͷԼҡͷ̾
˿飬΢Цӣô
Ľ̾ͷ̫ϰ̫̫࣬֡
ЦһӾͺ
ĽҡͷӯĽŲǰͷߣÿߵһС̯ǰҪͣ¿
һǰһҹΣĽڶߣһҪĽһ
Ľͷ̣ܽȱⷽĳʶ۽磬֪У߹֣ϱһ֡
ĶǺóԵģСԼģһ𣬸ӵˡ
һԲ͵Ľߡ
ĽסŴ㣬Ȼóԡ
վһҵС̯ǰǰ̨ϰŸ־µĵģɢ˵
࣬ó԰ɣһԼЦеʡ
Ľͷ빢һüе̫׽ˣһӣ˿ŻΪ¡
ȴֲÿڣֻװû
ĽȻüҪһֵĸ죬æóô
Ľҡͷ̫Ծ
ôˣʡ
ĽҹΣҡͷ˸ǡ
ϣϣŤͷˡ
һһңɣȲ̫ܼʱ֣ҡҡͷ˵
Ľб޶˵ĸо
Ц빢ڣҪģǻǳԵġ
ĽüҹΣһһɨȺȫСԣ˺ܶ࣬ʲô˶С
˸ҪȰԵģĽȻһһ顱һ죬ڿը
öɵʯذϡ
ɫٱ䣬ϿǰһסˣȺͣХУϡ
һɢת۹ֻʣˣŮӣˣƽȺע⡣
ϻƵסɵ嵽˸ǰȴû֮⣬˹ʱһš


10 
ĽۣŤͷʣϣǡ
ɫЩѿһ£ҡҡͷ
ĽһףǺμҵˣ嶭̾ҲǱѩˣɫҲµǵݡ
˶Ƕ֣һΧ·磬ȴţǰ
Ľϣȥ
æͷмĳĽЦЦ
Ǻμҵ˰ɣʡ
̾ͷ
˳촽
ĽƮ˽ǰһءһХһӰХűһ
ο׳籩㹥ϣ죬תһ˫ƣһӿӭӰ
˫磬ɷˣһưĽ
飡·ɳʯԱС̯Ƶľ۶ϣ£Ľһվԭء
ߡ⡱ɫ죬˫ۺָܿ糣Ľ
Ľϣ˰ɡ
û˺߿񹥣ϴûͣæң᧿Σʱᱻ
ĽüΪʤһ˺ϹԶǵ֡
ӣϺȴСߣ͵ϳ
Ľҡҡͷһʧԭأһ̳ڹߣϣߣһ
ϴҪܾȴĽ˫붯ӰƮХˡ
˽ƣ顱һƬƺ
Ľϣ߰ɣ
ϼ״ԲͷƮصߣС㣬ߣ
˿ֱΧסĽü
ϵ书ʱһߣҲס߰ɷˣ
á˳һ£ͷ
ֱַۣеأƮƮУת۹СԽֵϱֱ뷵ض

飡һ죬ϺȻڹǰȺһ˶һơ
ϹߣϽǰˣ
ī̳ӷһʱȴ΢۾ߵϣҪѺμң
һ棬ҷˣ㻹İɣ
ڲˣҲԻȥˣ
˫ƺأҡҡͷ棬ûжԲμҵĵطˣ
ӺǷҪΥ⣿
ӵģϳϹĥʲô
ҡͷ򲻹
оóᣬΪȴԶʤԼϺΡ
϶ţûĵұϾǺμҵӣ֣˰ΣҪߣ
ǺðɣεͷŶȥ
صǸǰҡͷǽ춼߲ˣ
Ǻμ̫ѾѶţǵϻᵽ棬СûһԲǺμҵģΪ˲˵ڶңǾȻҪɱС㣬һμң
治Ϊɨһ۶ˣ׵Ƿ£СĪ֣
һ䣬һʧڶġ
һ˱ܿһƣ빢ͬʱ棬һʱ֮ȭ˸ѷ¡
书һռϷ磬˫ɽȣ˲ˣ
ҴһۣģǰȻӰһһȵĹӸȻȼĿڡ
ȴۼҪУԺһ߿հףһжûޱȣһһƽ¶ЦԭӢӱ¡
ͣһХǰһ׹ȡ顱һըٿĺˣ¶ݡ
˸ŤͷĽߣ
ҡҡͷ԰¶һ˿Цݣϧ
Ľ̾ЦԼģ鲻Խ뱣
ƣϳߵ͸ŷ߿
Ӣûȣγ䳤˸ɷȻĽüո
ϳСģǸӣרɱ·ܾˣ
ǰѳǺμˣҡͷ΢Ц۾ŽḧŮϸļᡣ
ģĽ֪ǸŤı̬ȷʵǸӣһ˵뷨ȻͬôСġ
Ӣ۾ȻһϷءӢӹЦ⣬ḧŽ£ͳȫԧ죡
ͣ콣Ľ붭ˡ
Ŀˣ˸ҪĽһĳ콣ӰʧƺһȻĽ
ĽջҡҡͷǺμҽˣ
Ƶͷɫ˸Ľһӡɼ
죬˯Ҳ§⽣˯ȴĽһӡ
ƾԼĶˣٺЦ
Ľˣɣгһϰɣ
ôĿЦ鴽һХ
ʱֵȺ߳ʮˣ٣ϰһ޶Ⱥ￴
ϺǱҲͣսŤͷĹˣüѣҵôõˣ
Ľϣϣߣ͵
Сأϵ
ĽЦһỤùȫ
áϳһ
üʹ˸ɫദ꣬һĬͷ
ĽһϰɣҼʶһºμҵı£
ϣǰ棬ʱɱǣ
ɱʮһֳ㣬֮䴩仯ۻҡ
ҡͷǵСԪ󣡡
߰ɣϳ
ϵϹ㲻𣿡
֡Ⱥﴩˮ鶯Ѹݣһ˵˹ˣ
ЦҲ˷ˣ
ᣡҡͷɫˡ
ɫ԰ףҿ˵ǸԼһ㣬ľ
Ľһ֫һůϢ壬һ·־һʧһĪİȫС
ĽֻӶʱӰֻ˻ڵУ顱Ӱײȭţײϵ಻
ƴǿȴƣľͷʯͷʮ֮Ƕ֮С
ĽЦμҲˣ
Ц죬ֱȥǶõ
üѹ䶥¶óɣ
ã˳һٱ䣬еı֣еıݣе˫۷Ź⣬еɫ죬
ĽɫҲڴ̼ǱһĶѧ
ӣ߰ɣ˵
˵ƷȭХХ΢ţĽ΢ЦͷģǱޣκβǣ
̫ðˡ
Χһк񶼸źԶĽůУΣƺҲҪˣη塣
ĽЦЦͷ򲻹ӣ̽̽ǵĵף
ͣĺ䣬֣˳ͷ붭˵ͬʱ
ĽҡͷʧЦһʯذϡ
šĽüһϸɲİͻ˲䵽˶˸ǰ
Ľ̽һ̣Ѱ̽ϡ
¶ЦݣȻһ֣˶ʱͣº
Ľüں룬ƺʯϸȴа̣Լơ


11 綯
󣬼ȲҲľ˿оҲޣĽʱü֪йŹ֣ܴ綾
ǺǡЦҡͷϧϧ
ĽüǺμҵֶΣôİ泤ʶˣ
ðܲöҡͷЦСֵظǲǼ֮¶û֪ˣ
Ľʲô
淽ǵ⣺ǺǣҲ޷а벽նֱۻü
Ľüһ֣ñ˹Խ˹Խ죬һЩѪһ϶ԣϧϧᣬһ书ףƫƫǺμԣ
æӣ
ĽҡҡͷΣ
ٺЦΪȻҡͷСӣڻּۻۣСˣ͸һȥɣ
ñɣҪɱң۱ˣɣȡӽҩ
ζЦСŽСѽӲˣ
˺֪Ļߵģŭû뵽Ǻμˣ
С㣬ʵû취
˵ҧݣ޺޼һ֡
΢΢һЦС׵ģ
˺ߵñɣ
֪ǱأŤͷĽʱĽ΢һΪһ
ȻɴĽ촽촽˶ȴ
״Ƭ̺̾ͷðɣҽҩҸǱصλã
棿ϲ漴ϲɫС㣬ҪˣʲôλСֵܾûˣ
İɣôҲûҪ
С⻰˵úã滺ͷСֵܣΪеţȱҪö࣡
б˵ˣزıأֻһŶѣ
ţҲڲסϲ⣬ʵʲôţ
ҡͷҲ䣬Ҳʣʲô⡭
ЦúãС˵ɣ
б˵ˣ㲻ýҩô죿˵˶¶˷
С˵ô죿ߵ
˵ҩ
ǺЦҡҡͷӻͳһСƿ׸Ľݻһ·Ҫģͽҩ㡣
ҡҡͷɡ
ЦСøٵĺŪǡ
˽촽Ҳ˵ٻ
°̾ϢΪ˾ˣҲֻ˵һλˡ
ҡͷЦǿŲС㣡
ŤͷһĽߵһύţҪ㽻ҩҪɱˣ
üֿĽ
ȷʵύĽҩôľ֣ͷһʱȡԼлȻҪĴ
Сѩ٣һǿԼ˼鲻ȫ
Ӷ˳߳ҪҩҪˣ
ü룬ߵðɣ
磡ߵ
ҡͷӵıҪһ
μҲֻԼһ֣ǰڣɱСӣСһ׮
뵽ӻͳһƿ׸ĽߵĽҩС󣡡
ߣһŮ˾ңɱˣЦ
Ľ΢۾ɨһۣЦЦӹҩһֱԽ׼֪ҩġ
˶½ҩȻ۾ܿͷġ
ɿ
С㣬ô˵λ˰ɣ
˵㸽
ǰǰ˵˵һ䣬ü棿
Ƕ䣬ɫ˭ҪɺĵλߣǲҲֻš
˵δôҵģǲҲ֪
΢ЦãҪǱлٵĻǺǣС׵ģ
˺һ㣡
ĽŶˣ΢Цպ㣡
˵մŶƮƮǰڰ֣ÿһ·Ƶǰĵ磬ôһȥ𣿡
ˡҡͷǸвԶá
㲻øҩġƲΪȻ
ýҩ˱أҲ
ҡͷң˵ٸҩ
αأҡͷûʲôô
ҲϧˣЦ
̾ʮܣѽῴˣС㿴ģҲǸҵģ̫ˡ
ðɺðɣǵ˱أȥŪ𣿡ƽź档
ЦЦ
׼ԼһȥЦ
濴һۣİɣ㣡
ƶʱüЦл磡

Ľ붭Ⱥﴩ㣬ͷӣǽҩ𣿡
Ľͷ
˵Ҫô죿
ĽЦЦȥһ¡
ô죿ʡ
Ľұһųûġ
ùǣʡ
ĽЦЦ׼޷죬Ǳ治
Ǿ๫ˣǸȻ
ĽЦּˣ
˵ͷҾͲȻȥЪһЪɡ
ĽϾߣʱҲԣһЩ
ðɡͷ
˵ŻѾ˶ǰɫĿţ˶ʱһ漴ϲӭ
С㣡ɿ´
ϾĿŶĽ¶ɻ顣
ŤͷӣȥЪЪɣҾͲˣ
ĽףֳϹϵһͷƮ˸ǽȥ뿪
һһһ˸ϵμҵûΪС㣿
ҡҡͷЦӻһ
ȻСӦ
ϵɴ۾ǿǺμСѹˣ
˽²ͣһһЦ⻹м٣
û뵽ҡͷ̾Ϣ
ϵǲ
ҡͷϣϣҲˣʵǰѺδı˵μҵˣ
빢϶ʱɫ䡣
С㣬˵μң϶ţ̾Ϳѽ˵Ļøߺμң
һǺμҵĶѲ˵ûŮˣ
˶һۣԶԡ
ܻԮӶڣʵѲȻǵ⣬Ȼȡ
һ֪ˡü
Ҳҡͷȷʵ֮١
˵ʲô취ʱû˾Ҫǲ˵类ɱˣ
ҡͷ̾Ϣ
˻ظЪϢ˺û֮ˣ԰С︧ͤ٣Զ
ĻһԿţգԶ۴еָḧң
žžȻ𣬺վŴӶɡ
ͣŤͷȥֽŸ٣ûƼ
ЦҡҡͷٲһԾ䵽ϵĺҶϣƬҶ䵽˸ǰ
СáЦˣ
һ߸٣һбߵң


12 Ԩ
ЦСãѾСǣСӺôĵӣҲСõ
˵ĸôã
ЦҲС㣬͸ҲңּһѾȥˣ
֣ͣȻֹ
СãûԿɣЦ
б԰ģû
Ǻμҵ˰ɣɳԽԽˣǵ̴ɱ㣬Ҫһѵ
˰ڰ֣˰ɣҲûóѣ
ɲ죺ǻ飿
Ƴһۣæ¶ЦĴɱܲ㲻ϣʧ֣ɲϺμҵ磡
˺ߵһӣ
ôͷǸӲ֣ɴѵμҾ˵˺Ƽʮһ˵סɣ
ߣҪǺ汰ɣӾܣߵ˵
΢۾ջǰˣμ᲻ɱСã
˵˵˺δıء
šɲȻɫ䣬˫۱⡣
ŤͷܿĿ⣬ǳٳٲֱ˶ٲ˵Ầ
С㡭ָ˵
˺ߵʲôѵҿžڸǰ
Сã˲޼ɣûôˣɷȻ˵ʲô
˵ʲô˺ߵ
ɵ˵⣬ܿʵȻ鲻Ϊʲôôɣ
һֱɽ鲻˵
ҡͷѣСðСãҲ̫ˣܿǺμɳģΪһ̣
һҡҡͷ
ҪĽǰûƲߣܻɣȴᣬҪǺμҵˣαⷨӺǣ
ҡͷпЦ¿ɺãһ
бҲɣ˼ҺμҵĶǷҪȥ
̾ر֮˭˭ģƾʲôǺμҵģǺμҵ˱أʵùĻǣ
ҷǸ˺μң˺ߵ
εҡͷðɺðɣµߺμˣҲøǰɣ
Ҳûáҡͷ
üŭС㲻ǣ
˵μҵõǼٵġ
޳üëʣȻʧЦٵģ
˵ʵ֪δıأǷҪ˵֪ҵĻֻ˵һٵˡ
ǡҡͷʧЦμܰݣ
˵Ū١
̫СƺμˣҡͷǿɥĲ񣬷ɱ㲻ɣСãͿ
磬¶ţǿ֣ص
Цðɣһ£Ҳȥң
ЦǴ
һμжҵˣҲкμҵˣҶô꣬ң㣬סʲôϢ
ҪǺμҵߴϢҲô
أʡ
˵ȥˣ
˵书ţɵ
Цƭǡ
С㲻书ţɵ
˺һĵӻŪģİɣº׵ģ¶μҪù
κ͸˺μңΪǺδļ˶̫ɶ񣬾ҪɱԼ
ٿҪɱԼҲʴȣǲ޴ˡ
Ը˰ɣһȥҡɰڰ֣СúúЪЪɣȥš
ȥɡ˺ߵ
ЦС÷İɣû˸ҶΥ
Ը˰ɣ˲ΪȻҡҡͷ
֪ǸΪ޳ȥŮóȥˮԼδ綨ףǺμҵˣԲŻ֮⡣
μ붭ҶԹ̫ѻ⣬һζ֮Ǹԣʧˣ뻯ɸΪ̫ѡ

ÿ峿ȥ֣һֱĽΪʧЩѾϰ΢Цӭ
峿Ŵһ̤֣ʱ¶Цݣӣ
ĽһϮƮƮȭ΢Ц
ٲӢ˾ӨԴݳʣԵ׿Ⱥ
ҲΪԵʣ仯˵ʡ
ȻЦӺʱģ
ĽЦҹûȥŹѾˣͿμϲϵˡ
ˡЦĲҪ˰ɣ
ĽЦЦʵסⶾѵãԽƾͼƣҵ¶
ԭˡĸأɿ
Ľ֪˰ɣ
ߵȣȻһСͤ£ӹӣᡣ
˵ҸߴˣҲ֪᲻š
ĽЦӻŵģҿԼš
ҡͷΪΪʳˡ
ĽЦЦﲻ˱ۣҲˣĺӳء
˵˵ЦЦУʱҴţ˿ʼĽһЩģʫʸ踳ʷƹ֮ġ
Ľ˽ԽԽԼҲ뿪֮⣬ȥѰһؼ֮·
˱ѩ⡣
峿˵һ˺Ȼ˵ӣһºԨῪʼͽǶ
ĽһԨ󣿡
˵ԨǶһĴɣǶڶǻã΢ġ
ĽЦЦԨͽܴͶʦ
һĵӲɡҡͷԳΪŵӡ
ŵӣĽüͷһɶ֣֮׼Ĺġ
˵ŵϸһǲʮ꣬ǺãףᱻԨţŵӾûôϸˣͲʮԴͶš
ʲô˶ܽţĽЦʡ
ҡͷҪҵľٲʸǶңֻٲЩ˽һˣٲҪΣʵϸ񣬴ϲټ
ĽͷЦͬ⣿
ߣδˣȻҪͬ⣡Դһ˿ŭ
ĽЦǾͶлˣ
ҡͷֻ̾ǳˮݲ¹Ԩ˳
ĽЦԨ붫Զ𣿡
ڰһɽ˵ĵĻܻܿ
ĽЦŵͷãһ᳣ġ
ЦǹһºͽԨ󣬲ԨŹɭϣҪСġ
Ľһѭ浸صġ
ЦŵӵѧҪ»ȡƽ׵ģԨѧܾ£˽Ӵš
Ľͷ»ȡԭˣ
ĽһˣԨŵӵλߣŵӷģԨĺŵӣŵӳ
˵ŵúˣҲܽš
ĽЦˣһúŬġ


13 
˵ӱƲŵӣһŵҲܣÿƼֱ񣬻ûһѡϵġ
Ľüͷһ£ôѣ
ͷѣĺѣԨӺѵãҲ˵ЩôҲŪԨӵͷҲ㹻Ⱥۣû˸ǣº󣬺μһݣԨӣμҲɱˣ
Ľ˽ⶭ˵ģ΢Цôһ˵һǽԨ󲻿ɣ
ЦΪһܳɵģ
ĽԶкôû
ЦȻкôඣ磬ûôɲӦ
Ľһ£ͷܲµõƼĵӽԨȻԨ˹ϵԨӱӻƾ˼ʵ
θ˽Ԩ𣿡Ľʡ
ͷţһҶģμλӽԨ󣬻ŵӣθǿǲˡ
ĽЦŵӣţǡ
˵ԨӲͬҲٸ꣬Ӳصģŵδһǿŵӡ
ĽЦŵͷǺãһᾡΪ
ӾͺãȥҲûϵ˵ԨбŴɡ
ĽЦ͹ˡ
˵ҵľˣС¿ʲô
ĽЦЦͷÿҪģǸ˿Ǹ˿ᣬ

ʣµһ£ӲţμҳͻμеԨţԨעҪģһֵ̫̫ѿ
ţԨŵӾСһ²Сһ£Ȼһ¹ϵ˵
һһֱ飬缢ƿʣ˳ȫԼĲ鶼
μҺܰʲôҲûҲϴɱܿ϶μҿ
峿˴Ӻ԰ɢսСԺվԺ룬Цп
磿˺ߵй
СáЦСõûɢأ
бҡ
ЦеҡͷϴǴʧӻðɣ
Խԭ£Խˣ˵ظ飬Ҳץסе㣬ת仰⡣
š˺ߵҪʲô
ҡͷЦСðѴʲôˣ
ǰµĲ׼ڣ˵
Цİɣ˵ǶָأʹļҲͦǸ
æμϢˣ
ЦŵͷϢˣˣӵǹؼʲôţ
Ҳ֪ҡͷӺƶԼ档
Űɣüμ۾಻ɳӣҪǼٵһó
˵ӵΪôߣѧʶҲμұȲϣ
ҡͷδأμô˵ҲŲţܿó˵ģ
˳
ɵӺμҷӦοŷͬСɡ
磬˵ʲô˺ߵ
Ц̫Կ
İɡ˰ڰֻ֣ȥ
ɵͷʮµģֻССϻó֣ûϣȥۣ׾
μأʡ
ɵμǺơ
ƣü
ŵΣҪڣԼ类ɱˣ
ɵ书ǿˣƴϣ
üͷ⣬ĽѺ̭ȥΪԨӡ
ɵ⼸񣬱ؼʱ⣬ȥ
磬ˣ
ɺǺЦôɫ˶ߣܰĥǹҲ
˺ߵ书ؽ
ǿɴⲻáҡͷǿиǿ֣˵书ǿδûǿġ
бһ㣬Ըĵͷ
Цһأôɣһ쵽һҲû˹ܡ
˺磬㲻ܺú˵
Ǻǡ°ͣеڨڨЦתˡ
Ŀ뿪ҡҡͷҪϣԨ󣬴Ͳ̬ȣǾ׽ġ
һʱתۼ峿ĽһСܹӣߣԨ
Ľ֣ͣЦȥһѣߡ
֣Ԩʹ߶ȡЦݵĵͷתһ̶ˡ
ĽݻһǰĴֻǹվſڣ˫΢Ǵ˯ɷʵʡ
Ľ߹˶ĵɿ˫ۣĿĽĽ΢Цͷºʹݡ
ӣվſڣ֣æк
ĽЦŵͷ˴
꿴кԭ̤һ˻ȥĽȥ۾


14 
Ľһ̤죬͸żŹ֡
ŴӶɣˣһһߣԼʮ꣬òӢĽбԼ͸žӸµɡ
Լʮ꣬⣬һֱЦݣЦеĴĽö
Ľһüë͸һ˿⣬ҲβסԱߵĶ붭˶ܸܵõ
ϣιӣλ޼ӡܣЦǺǵĵλʸ񡣡
ֶĽλԨӣɭϡ
Ľȭ΢Цˡ
ɫ糣ȴֹɭĪǺμλӣǿԩ·խˣ
һͨͨΪδôŹ֡
޼ɡɭ°ͣ´ĽҡͷͲСˣ
Ľ΢Цʮġ
ŶʮˡɭͷŸһЩĪǹʮɣ
ĽЦЦҡҡͷ
ɭŤͷʣϣ㿴ʮģ
Ц׵ĺӣǺЦҿ񣬳һЩҲеģСΣ֣
ɣɭЦΪɣղסһŪ̫á
ЦСҲ߯С
ɭһĽĿ䣬תͷָֻЦϣҼεĻᶼûúϧ۵ʦǰһˣʵģ
źЦСα̫¶˵ˣӢء
ɭЦСҵͲã̯ϣɲʦǲˣҲûʲôϣ
⼸ȷʵ˲ŵ㣬Ըŵӽҡͷ̾ϢһҿСȳȣǸ˲ţ԰ɡ
ɭͷǺãȻϷˣҾ͹ˣ
˵վһ絽ĽǰкҲȭͷͻȻĽؿڣȭӰ´¡
ĽһܿȻ
ãɭϺһȭƾȭͷȴһȭӰԼɻΣ˲䵽ĽǰȸղŸһ
ĽüκᵴһߣܹȭӰͿʼˣ
ɭͷٿһ۵ĽǰӦ죬ɿͣٳһȭ
ȭ죬ȭӰ´£ת۹ĽΧȫȭӰۻңʮָһһ˲˲
ɫźɭһɭǹΪѣ͵ϮҪ޼ɷӦ죬ãɭ˲զأһѧȴҲ죬Լ⧲֮ºܿܶ㲻
ѩ׵ĺӣЦųУǻϲ
ת۹ʮУĽɭһнһУ籩һ㣬ҴʵʵɱҪ򲻹ɭ飬ʹɱԼҲҪԼ
⹴ĽŭˣҲҪУιСˣ
ɣɭЦ
Ľȭͷ͵һȭӰʵʵһС䵽ɭǰɭǰȭӰӰѩˮ˲ɢ
ȭӰɭΣֻƮܿȭӰȴĹһ䣬׷
ɭһֱעĽϣֹڶȭܿȭӰ󣬱ûӦȭӰѵ˱
ֻܲӲӣ飡󣬺ɭ˺ɫܵˮ
һ¸оĽΪˮй£һ¾֪ԼΪԷ
ŭޱȣԭ뿿λһѿһԨ·
ȴʤԼһԼԨŵӣԿ
Ǻ죬ǷŭЦãȻмֱ£Ҫˣ
ĽЦЦ롪
ϰڰ֣СΣ
ɭüŤͷϣźӣЦеĵҿС汾£ܸСôãԨˣ
ϡɭæ
ЦСΣЪ
ɭεĵĽһۣɨһ۶ɣһС
ɵѾЦ˻͵ĽǰסĴ֣糺绨
Ľȭ΢Цιӣˣлǰ
ϺǺЦҪкιӦóƺʦ֣С磬ӽ֮Ԩĵˣ
ĽЦǣлʦ֣ǰ
ңɭЦȭպٺúдһ¡
ĽЦЦ㣡
Ϻȶɻˣ´ĽСŵӻǺɵģסҲסɽϡ
æֵܣסɽϣպϾٻסļңؿ
Ľһ۶ˣ˷ܵ˫Ź⣬鼤ĽЦҲãȥԨϤһ£ٻס
õúܡϺǺЦԨŵڣֻҪΥͺãʱ磬ǳɣ
æϣԹҲ٣
ҡͷǺЦϷȲȥϢͲԷһΰɣ
ҲáЦŵͷ


15 
Ľ嶭ЦЦһ˲˲¶ᣬ촽
ĽЦҺܿ
ߵǰУԨ󣬷¶һЩ
ĽͷһֱƲĿ⡣
һԿðҡͷСѽݽȥˣڵҲСá
ɭЦһ
ĽŤͷһۣЦЦϣ߰ɡ
ãߡϺǺЦԨԶףʲô
һֱĽϵĻš
Ľɭϳ˴ڵһ뿪˶
ڶǵĴϣΧ֮緭ΧǷ׷ױá
ǽſڣƶǻɼˡ
Ľҡҡͷ԰ڻǲϰߣΧƽû¶Ȼ飬ĽĿǣףҲ⣬磬ȴܵס롣
˿ƻУٶȴ졣
СΣҪظһתͷʺɭ
ɭҡͷֱ߰ɣϡ
ǺǣŶ룬е˼ĴָǺЦ
ɭǿЦһ£бһĽ
ĽװûĴΧ
˺ܿ촩ǣֱ̺ܿϡ٣ʩչṦӿٶȡ
ɭٶ죬ƮƮУһƮݡ
ĽУʱбĽװûֻԼ·
ĽҲչ¶һֲ׵ṦƮƮ磬ɭмƣҲһ˿
Ͽðҡͷ޼Ҳʡ͵ĵƣģʵ͸ǿӲʾء
յһֿˡ

ɭٶԽԽ죬ĽţϵΪҲû£ǿ˺ꡣ
ΪѷɭһʼʱϣԽԽձ£Σֻܼٶȡ
ɭȴװ֪ǰۣĽ磬ϲ磬Ͽһۺɭҡҡͷ
ɭתܳŤͷĽѾڣʱŭɶǳӣФԼԣ
ԽߺޣŤͷĽ˵˵ЦЦԽ÷ŭһֱ˳˳ˮʱܹҲˣһһЦתƮƮȥһӰӣĽˡ
ҡͷ̾Сѽ̫ᣡ
ĽЦĨˣϣжԶ
ϺǺЦһǧǽܵˣѽǺӣʱҲ
ĽҲ֪μҲ̫Ըʦе⣬ûʲôġ
ѵÿ̾ĵͷԨͬʦֵܣٴĳҲǳˣϽͬҲٸ꣬Ҫעִ磬Υ˹أ
Ҳ֪ʢгܲ
Ľͷ֪һƬ㣬Цʦд裬һСġ
һʱҪϺǺЦС⺢֪ߣȥһҪչؿġ
ĽЦԸˡ
·ûɭҲ⣬ĸ·峿һֱ죬ǲһΡɽ¡
¹ˮɽһɴʣأɽܵȴ
ˣָɽЦǵԨ󣡡
Ļ̌ͷ̾øߵɽ
Բǧߵɽ۲ۣЪһȥЦ
ĽҡͷЦǺãֱɽ
ĽΪԶԼãԼٶһ·ۣݲͣ˵ǵķ
ԵͷԨ˵мڴˣ֪ɽܴܲͨ·
ͨɽֻһСγһţǰͷĽ֮βǶԨŵӣ˶Ľأ˺ɭҲǳ
ŵŵӱ˴˵ӣŵӾøŵһȣƲԷŵӶŵĽּʣõ书ֻܿѪԷȴɣֿɵãԶ
쳤ؾõԹܺദǰһֱԣϾˡ
ЦеĵСɽ·̫ƽСĶ㡣
Ľһ˪üǺЦ
ĽȻҡͷЦ
ϵСǰͷɣ
Ľ֪ҪԼ·ˣ˵粽ǰСϣܿ˰ס
ͣһХУĽŤܿһ磬顱Ľұһը
ĽüСʯҪǱܲпɥҲ߯ˡ
Զܿˣǿһͷ
ĽƮ˰ףӵϢȴѸݺ˷ʤ
Ľָᵯ죬ֳΣ꣬˫۾âʵʡ
ϣһԲĿ񹥣ʱʱ֣죬Ľ¶΢ЦԽó˵Ľר߹Υȴ۾ܱܹ


16 ʶ
վԶһҡҡͷüͷ
ϣôʦʦҲˣһǰЩĵǿŵӣ
ӦСεֶΡϲΪȻҡͷʢ
ϣⲻϹذɣһЦ
ԨӭʽŵģŵӶͦæģʱйˣ
ʦôɣף
˲޵˵ͣ
ϰڰ֣ǸģѵãúÿŰɣŵӺܾĿ򶼲Զţ
һΪȻĽԶŵӣҲûá
Ƴһۣ˵鼴˼ҡͷʲôѧؼԶˣСֱƽȴΪ棬ʲô
á
Ľö򵥵˿ȴЧǻΪ棬̾Ϊֹ
ѽʶ壡ΪԽĽԽǿ֪ĻҪҡͷ̾Ϣ
˵ļǣǴˣĽͷ
ٴȥҲûʲô˼߰ɣϴǣٶȶļӿĽǽǰ͵ˣ
ϣ껹ʣȦ⳯
ϰڰ֣û˵ģЩΣһתߣһԲ֮ƳһĽ
ĽЦȻŸߵܣס
ϺǺЦǽٺҲκ㲻ãСóǽ
Ľͷǡ
ããЦԨĽһԵطˣ
ĽЦЦϵҺͷɽ
ϴǰͷĽ棬ЦųĴָĽǫ΢Ц
ǰͷһ·ûеģĽܷ֣׼˳ϣֻȥ
һ·ͨ裬᫵СסǵṦԼӣǰȻʣɽȥһأĵƻȻƽ̹ǰ಻ĽΡ縡ƶˣϦȾ˽ɫûʣȻԲλ֮С
Ľ̾һ
Ԩ󡣡ŤͷЦΣ
Ľܣõط
ϵСȥЪһЪһŴ䡣
ĽͷĽһƬСԺͣһСԺǰЦʦܣ
СԺλߣһƬ͵֣ԼõɽӹҵĺХ
Ľͷͬ⣬лˡ
˸ҪƿŽȥԵСԺȻţ֨һһˡ
ʦܣŤͷЦ
üĿٿ㣬ͦ͸һӢʵѵһӡ
ףλúܡĽĿտտ
һǰٰףǰţСʦˣĽһʦ֡
Ľȭһʦ֣С磬ԨĹأȺ۱ݡ
Ǻǣúãٰ׺ܸ˵ĴĽЦİɣպңû˸۸ʦܣ
Ľлĺ⡣
һҡͷЦʦܣСʦˣɽ֮ŵӵңûʦֺá
Ŷٰ׾ĵʦʰŵӣ
һȻЦʦܴ˺ʦţ
ʦٰ֣Խ棺ɭ
һЦһ۾ͷϣαʦܽѵˣǴģ
ʦֵԵͦãʦܿɵСģٰ׵ŵӸرʲģ
ʦ˵ʦҪССģæĵͷ
ĽЦЦͷ
ٰĵĵλʦҲˣʦܽҰɣ
꿴ֿĽĽЦͷʦˡ
ǺáҲûƴǣһ·УɭϵùǺһֱҧӲţɢ˼ܣȷʵۼ
뿪ٰ֮Цʦܣ
ٰ׿Ӣᣬʵȴ飬ĽСԺһ졣
ٰЦеĵѾ׼ˣɹûʲôùζֱá
Ľͷʵڵ˯ֻҪͺã棬
ٰϣҡͷ̾ϢʦܣպҪӦųɣԨɲĵط
ĽЦ˵ŵͦġ
ǰٰ׸пҡͷãܴСݵԨ£书͵ƾͣûͣʲôҲѧ
Ľѧõ书Ҿ֪ˣҲֵõġ
⻰١ٰЦͿ˭ˣЩһ˱ȣҸģѧøѧѧҲû·
ĽͷЦԨɲˣҲڼ˴󹦣лᱻټ
ǡٰͷ˱Ԩ󣡡ǸȺһȣͲԶ
ĽЦЦͬһӻ˵£ŵûɣ
ԨĵӱͲࡣٰҡͷ̾ϢʦĻһˡ
ĽȻô٣
ûȫ˽磬ȴҲ֪缫һʵ̫١
ٰҡҡͷҲף˼ɶƴˣΨ٣Ԩ󵹺ã
Ľ󾫲࣬ǻ¡
ٰײΪȻһ˴һҪԿġ
˵лܿͷĽٰһˣ˵Ͷܿˡ

ڶ峿Ľû齣Ժű죬ơУٰ׵ʦܣ𣿡
Ľ齣һƽϢһųݣ絽ԺſڣԺš
ٰһϮѩЦǺǵվſڣʦܣ˰ɣ
ĽЦأʦֺ磡
ϰˡٰ׵̿һɲɣʦ
ĽͷЦʦкָ̣
һϢٰЦֻһʦܣ
Ľüͷֻһ
ٰ׿Ժӣ˳Цɽ岦û˻
ĽЦЦٰ׵ʦܣСʦٺ٣˼
Ľɻ
ٰ׵˵ŵӵĶǳϣҲŵӣֻҪ֧ŵһУͨ
Ľ̫Ϸ˰ɣ
ٰ㬺ߵЩһСͱƲ뵲סһпɲףƴŵסһһоͰˣ
Ľͷɭ书ȷʵףֲԨɺɭȥˣΪ˶žףһкܹá
ٰЦٺ٣ʦ㲻ŹһУ˺ɭǴģ
ĽЦҰѺʦֵˡ
ʲôϵٰ׺ߵǰһ۾ͷϣҲһۣ֪ŵҲô۸ģ
Ľεҡͷ
ٰ׵İʦܣǻģ
ĽԸˡ
˵Ŵ䲻ˡٰЦҴȥʶһ´
Ľûܾĺ⣬һԺһԺӵİݷãйĿ֮ܣһͼǵס
ǶŵӵСʦҲӡٰ̣ÿһԺӣҪǿһ顣
ĽԿЦǸԼأɭԼ
µҲûãͷһͷһͦˣԼо˹עԼ
ĽԭΪŵӻŵӣʵǡ෴ŵһʮƲ⣬ΪʤԼûУͶʮ꣬ϳɳأٵľٰס

ٰ״תŵСԺĽôȥſٰƲƲ죺ǣ͵ģ
ĽͷרĿޡ
ŵŵӵĿգŵôؾøҲ̫֮ûȡģΪǧԨ󣬾ݵ͵ƵõƴŬ
Ľҡͷ̾˵ǻĽأһЩ
ٰײĺߵǷſڣ֣Ǵүǵıࣿü룬Ҳû򣡡
Ľһ쵽Ҳܰ˱Ʒˡ
ٰƲƲ죺һ˵˵ЦЦһд书úܣܱƷ裿
ĽЦʦ˭
ٰ׶ʱæҡͷˣˣ
ĽǺЦŵӣ
ٰ׺ĵ
ĽʦֲƲŵ
ʦ㲻һٰҡͷ
ĽǺЦŮӺϣٰǴʱһ˵һߡ
Сףһٰ׶ס
ӽסƬ̺תʦ㡣
һŮ˫ⲽͷ⼸ô
ٰæҸջء
ŮЦôû˵
ٰͷ˼ĵ̫æˣҸˣ
ðûʦŮЦˣôû˳Էѣ
ٰæʦ㣬ˣ
ٷϻŮһ֣޺޵㣡
˵ŤߣҲûĽһۡ

ĽһֱĬźŮ͸ɬ봿棬ԲԲĴۣ΢̱͸Žɰ
Ľ֪ǴȡЦٰ׵λʦˣ֪˵ܵǶԡ
ٰײͣĶżĽЦЦʦ֣ʦɣ
ٰ׵һۣҪȡЦ
ĽЦʦˣʦ㻹ȥ׷
ãٰ״ʵһۺŮıӰ
ߵò죬⻰һڣζļ٣תʧҰչʧˡ
ĽЦʦ֣ŮҪģȥɣ
ٰ׺һܹ
ĽҡͷʧЦʦͱ³ˣӺɷ죬Ǹûʲôˡ
ģٰ׳һ¡
ĽЦȥɣȻʦˣ
ðɣʦģٰ׿Ȼͷæ׷ȥ
ĽҡͷʧЦôסһʦģ뷭ˡ
ιĽԺԺűƿٰ״ͷɥĽ
Ľͣӭʦ֣ûã
ٰ׷Ȼߵ̫
Ľˣ
ߣƲŵӣٰ׷޷޲ƽ
ĽЦЦҿʦ书ʤһɣ
ǴСһٰܳһĲ
ĽǾˣҹҲĵġ
ٰ׺ߵ˵˺ɭأ
ĽЦҡͷҲҡ
ŵӣߣٰ׷ȻѣʦܣҪŵӶ
ĽЦʦҲ̧̫ˣ
ٰ׵ҿ࣬ΪĪ⣬ʤһ
ĽҡͷЦˣһԨʦ֣¸Ůһʶ
ٰ׺ߵ̫ˣ
ĽߣǺȾȥ˵ʦܲأ
ٰһһʱǼ򵥵꣬ҪһĽٰ׵ĵϸҲ֪߰˰ˡ
ãٰҡͷпʦǸͷûʱȾƣ̫Ȥ
ĽЦǣ
˵ŻСԺٰ׵ԺӣһԺͿǽǷĸףҲĸף͵ģܵס⣬յϡ
ĽʣЦþƣ
ߣص⼸̳þƣٰ׵ߵǣһƸףЩɽģһ̳һ̳Ŀɲף
飡һ죬Ժűײ


17 ڽ
һӰʦ㽾Ųӽ
Ľ֪飬ŵеٮٮߣСŮȴʤж书Զʤɭ
һŮӣ񣬴Ϳɫ㣬޵Ĺâ˲ֱӡ
ٰ׿ϵŭһ±ɾȣԳԵסʦ㣿
ŮӵбһӶĿ䵽Ľϣ·һճĽθ
Ľ΢Цȭû˵
ٰŷӦһ飬ʵʦ㣬
Цֵģ㲻Ǻ˵ŵӸʤŵһô
ٰ׿һŮӣЩӲͷƤʦܴ˺ʦֽԨ󣡡
˵˵ЦбһĽƾ˺ʦ֣ߺߡ
Ůһ֣Ȼֹ
Ůת⻪ˮתĮ޼һԲλࡣ
޼ʦܰɣ
Դһ˿ɳƣ͸һɴԡ
ĽȻ΢Ц޼ɣ֪ʦǡ
ٰæʦܣǰʦ㣡
ԭǰʦ㡣Ľף΢Цֱʦݹ٣кָ̣
Ů΢üûһĿ󵨣곤׶ܲסĿ⣬޼ɹȻһ
˵ˡﵭʦܰ֡
Ľ΢ЦʦΪףҽʤһаʽʲô
תƳٰףʦܣƲŵӰɣ
ٰɫ΢䣬ЩΣٺЦ鼸û˵
Ľҡͷʦֺʦ㣬һ˵Сʱ֮ǡ
ŭĵƵġ
Ľʦ˵ʦΪԶʤеš
Ľȭ΢Цʦֹˡ
˵Ƕˣ
ĽͷǾǺμҵĶͷ
ĽЦЦ㲻ʲôҲûʲôìܣ̰ˣСС֡
Ϊͷô˵ʵѵãʦܣǱһ°ɣ
ĽæЦҲҡ
üԽôҲĶ֣
ĽЦҡͷһٰףٰæЦʦ㣬
üбٰ׵ʦ˵м汾£ɸʦһȣǾСǸ£
飺С飬۹ⲻô
޺޵һٰףСףʲôѰʦƳʲô֣
ٰ׵ʦ㣬Ҳ°ʦ֣´ﶼŰҪ֪ʦܸʦ㽻֣ʦܿô
ЦߵЩѽǼͷ
֪ʦӰ˵޹°Į˭ҲᣬƫƫеӶ㵹޷԰Ρ
ʦֺû˸ò˭Ҫܸʦ˵һ仰ȫˣҫһӡ
ٰ׿ʦ㣬ȰȰʦɣʦһСɣ
ߣۣƲƲ촽бĽʦܣܴܺʦܣ
ĽЦЦҶѡ
ߣˣһ΢СһƲ콿ߣ̫ˣ
ĽЦЦ˵
ٰЦʦ㣬ʦܸ󣬻ûѧʲô书أĶ֣ǲǣ˵ˣǰʦʤˣҲʤ֮䣬Բԣ
ӴСôĿ齿ߣСѧ˸ѧܴùʦһ
ǿδأٰװȻߵʦ㣬ʦܿţҪѧǵĶѧһܴùʦ㣡
һЦƲƾ
ĽЦЦʦ֣⻰̫ˣʦΪĪ⣬δǶ֣
ٰ׳ʹһɫĽЦЦ˵ˡ
Ȼ޲ʲôûʲôûʵ۵ףС飬ѽ
һٰףô׾ӵļ治˼
ٰ׹ŲӲʲôʵʦȷʵţҪѧǸķԴùʦ㣡
Ҫǲأﵭʡ
⡭ٰһҭס
æɫͻݣʦ㣬˵˵߰ɣˣ
ޱƳһۣЦЦһºСףنһȥ
ٰ̤ǰһĽǰʦ㣬ʦ㣬Ҫʦѧ˶ķ򲻹ʦĻԸʦһ£
ﵭͷˡ
һۺߵ˭ϡѽƾèĹܰʦʲô
Ľ΢ЦټңУҲΪʦһ¡
ﵭһЦָ
ĽȻӦŵã
ѧʲôķ
ĽŤͷٰףٰһ£ķĻһʱãͽɣ
Ľͷٰ׵Ԩʮ󽣷ʦ˰ɣ
ﵭЦһ£ôĿһ¾ҪѧԨʮСףǷ˰ɣûǰĸѧûԨʮ
ٰ׺ߵҿδأ
ŤͷĽʦܣСϹ˵ԨʮԨɽǿ¼ɬѧģҪǰеĽˣˣѧûԨʮڳ˰ʦ㣬ûûԨʮҪѧ
ĽЦ˽ѧϧ
ߣѧûôƲߵб
ĽŤͷʦ㣬˽ڽΥɣ
ΥһҲ޷ﵭ
ߵʦ㾫ͨԨʮҪǴĻŵӣΥ棬ҪȥԨ˼һģ
ĽüͷһЦˣðʦܷʵҵ
޷Ȩչأ
鿴ɫ֪ʦ治⣬ŤͷбĽʦܣİɣ㲻ܷģ
ĽЦҡͷǲ
ĽΣٰüߵʦ㣬Ʋˣ
ҾƲǣƲߵ
ٰɫʦ㣬˵ФҲŵӲҪҲܴСҲһʲôķʲôͳˣ
ݣЦ˵˵
ٰ׺ߵ֪Ʋǣܾŵƫţ
Ťͷʦܣһŵ
Ƴһۣ˭ǿ˭˵ģ㺰ٴûãʦܣن
Ľ̾˿εĵֻһ󣡡
˵ﵭ
ĽҪܣõ֪
С￴飬ıظģҲ˵
Ľٰףٰ׳һ£ߵ˵Ͳ˵
룬һӮ˰ʦ㣬Ҫ˵ǽҹУ
˵飬ֻӲͷƤӦһٸԸ⣬ȴҲ޿κΣ˭ʦԼġ
һѵʦûбʤİգ
Ľֿһ
ŵģûĵİɣˣʦҲָʹ㣬Ҫһ£
ʲô£ٰ׺ߵ
Ц뵽˵
ٰһߵӺɷһԾŶû⣡
Ǻðɣ͵ŰɣĽĽͶͬ
ûԨʮѵҪһһʽŤޱȣһҲȥǿĻҪԼˡ
ƾһŵģԨʮǲüʯͷʦкõģ

߰ɣҴ㽣︺ֳСԺĽԺӣٰ֪Ȥû
˫ָ󣬻Уһ޹°֮ʣĽСԺǰʱԺԶˣ̤˽ȥ
ĽŽԼСԺԺ룬һУԱ߱һɽ֡
ԨʮԽʽķڹķԦʹʽһ
Ľͷ׽ҲķֽǾ׵ĽС
ͷ潣ʳָָḧһĨ⣬ӳݹʢ˲ұӡ
̧ͷ׽ҪתѪԺ㿴ˣ
Ľȭʦ㣬롪
Ǳʽ߳һһΪһɫƥý
Ľ΢۾ʧһ㣬ǰֻɫߣǧ
Ծʽٺһһ䣬·һڼŭΣϣһԾ𣬹⻪Ŀ
ӥʽϺнʽһ䡣
󣬰˺ʽʽʽˮʽһʮʽһյʱꡣ
˵ʮʽȴʮ׽죬ÿһʽǻȻһ壬һʽȻͬⲻͬвͬ
һ̣֮绪ӱʣһɴ

ΣʦܣɿˣֽιŻʣһ̧ͷĽ
֮ƤԽ󣬷·һϸ󣬼Өת
ĽһԨʮȻ
һ飡ԨʮûʲôϣʽҪ֮ǧؼÿ˵嶼ͬѧϰ׽ʱҪϸ΢ĸı䣬˰ﲻ㣬ֻܿԼ㼴ʹѧһģһҲûã
Ľͷǣס
Ǻãһ顣˵
ޱ飬ĮȴûʾûͷҲûڽһƽ¡
ĽʵһͼסˣӡԺͣظţƣʮʽѧòࡣ
ԽԽԽѧϰԽףһĽһͼסʵƽʱ۽Ѿȥˣۿʱֱҵƽ֮ȥǣܱƽĽҲûסıҪ
һ飬һٶȱ仺һһʽĽףĽʱĵͷ
ι󣬰ս
ĽЦŵͷˣһʦָ㡣
ѽ׸Ľסܸܵ¶㣬̾һ𽣡
üĽһʽһʽֺɫҲ΢΢仯û뵽˿Ԩʮʽͻˡ
ĽսʱﵭǰѧԨʮʽ
Ľҡͷ
ǿʡ
Ľҡͷ
̾˿ÿ˵ԨʮʽͬԼһģһû˵ӰӣȻǵһο
Ȼѧţﵭʣµʱ䣬ҪԼĥҵԼĽҪã
Ľһ£һʱɡ
áͷһ²Ļһ֮ڶԡ
Ľ΢Цлʦ㡣
Ҳ뿴㵽мֱ¡
˵Ť뿪СԺĽûųȥԨʮʽС
Ƭٰ̺ܹʦܣ
Ļ̌ͷٰ׼еĵʦ洫Ԩʮʽˣ
ĽͷЦЦӦǰɡ
ٰ׺ǺЦĵû뵽ʦô󷽣洫Ԩʮʽ
ĽЦлʦˣ
ٰ׵ĵûʲôʩСƶѣ
ĽЦЦҪǰڰʦ£°ʦ㲻ǣ
ٰϵĵʱʧЦʦôˣ֪ܲҵļƲߣԸʦ
ĽЦҾΪɡ
ٺ٣ʹҲûʲôٰ׵ЦԨʮˣ
ĽЦʦѧ⽣ɣ
ٰװڰ֣ʦ㶼ɣҸɣ
Ľһٰ֪ԨʮʽϧѧᣬΪ⣬ԭΪٰ׸ĿľԨʮʽأȴȫԼȡġ
ٰ׺޺޵ʦܣѧʮʽŵӾüˣǸҲ۸ǣ
ĽȻ
ٰײٴչڶ峿ʱҴҵĽŲͣ⣬Ȼ졣
Ľȥһƣվ꣬ǰԼˣһһհ
ʦ֣ʦ֣Ľȭ΢Ц
ɫÿҡҡͷʦܣȥɣʦܱ˴ˣ


18 
ĽüԱСԺֱݵңٰס
ɫͿһۣĽˣǿЦЦʦܡ
ĽǰĿƬ̧̺ͷü˭µ֣
ʦ֡ʳ
һʣһа˼һȻվĽʳͨʦ֣
Ľüʦʦкޣ
ʦŵӣʷȻߵϲʦ㣬ʦϲʦܡ
ĽȻͷԭУѹôݵ֡
ҲҪٰҡͷǧʦ㡣
ĽŤͷʣʦ֣ʦ֣ѵⲻΥ棿
˶ҡͷ˼̾д裬ֻҪɱ˾ͲҪ֧ô
Ľͷǿǵǻʶ˴˾ֻٽǿޣܷϡ
Ƕһźû˷ܽˣҲԹԨء
ʵʦܣʦ㣡
ٰŭһһȥʦŪǷǣСˣ
ʦ֣λʦֵ书ǿĽüʡ
ٰε̾Ʒô书ȷʵ
ĽҵҪһᡣ
ٰæ֣Ҫʦ֪ûˣҪƾԼı´ŵĲУ
ĽΪȻҡҡͷʦŵӣʦ㡭
ٰ׵Ҳǳصģ˺˾ͱչؿʰȿȿȿȡ
͵ҿ
ĽһģֹסԣѾȾѪһ£޺޵˳𲻱Ǿӣ
Ľʦ֣˺أҪСľӱʮ겻Щŭϼˡ
ˡٰҡͷʦܣİɣҲ嶯ġ
Ľͷ
˵򣬽Ųһ긺ֻ´ӣȻˡ
ĽһˣΣòһŹҺɿӡ
㡭ٰ׷ŭָˣ㻹
ʦܣơЦЦеʣҪɣ
ĽʣһΣĽˣͨ

ʧˣˣٰЦͨ
ͨЦҡͷˣ鷳ˣ˵Ҳûô򣡡
Цҵǲǣٰߡ
ͨҡͷʦܣ²ԱܱˣĸŮ˻㣿
ģٰ
ͨҿʦ㻹ʵʵͷ书·ŵһԣĵ
ߣٰƫԸ
ʦܣĻɱңͨüΪʦ֣񶽴ʦǲǣ
ȣʿһʦ֣ŵӣƾʲôܵţ
ʦܣ㵨ӲСۣͨ΢۾ʡ
﷢飬ȴӲͷƤɫĵģ½һ֣ʦŵӣŵӣˮˮʦСķƫƫǱȣЦеӵĸʦһ
ǺǣʦһͨЦҡҡͷҿɴ򲻹ʦ㣬ûȤ
˼Цʦ򲻹ʦ㣬۸ŵӣأ
һ죡ͨˣҡͷƤ죬Ҳǿȭͷ˽ʵǿڲţдһ
Ľ΢ЦǾʦָˣ
šͨĿһĽ
Ҳٰæʦܣһʶ
ҲڣȰ嶯
Ƕ֪ͨɭ꣬Ű꣬ʸʤһҲϵĸ֡
ĽʤùɭδʤùͨһһֲͬͨҺȴݶһ˿ɵ˴¡
Ľڰֱֱ֣ͨ
ͨǺЦǴ˺ʦܵ޼ɰɣ
Ľͷǣʦָ̣
ͨЦŵͷʦո˵ţǺãҾͳȫ㣬ȥдһ£
ʦܣٰ״󼱡
ĽЦʦٰ꣬ܿ
Сġٰҡҡͷ¸϶֪ҪԼһسأͨթúܣ书ǿļƸǿϤ˸һԿ
ĽЦŵͷңԺ룬ͨʦ֣ɣ
밲˼ٰ׳վһԹơ
ٰЦŵģʹթǶƲ㣡
ʦܴԲӣҺʱʹթˣʵʵ书һ֣㲻ܱԹˣͨʧЦ
ٰײмЦ
ʵʦܣСʹթ
Ľͷʦ֣գ
ãͨЦҾȳˣ
һʧԭأĽȭͷųһȭӡĽģٶ졣
ٰ죬޺޺һ͵ϮˣΪʦֻô湻޳ܵģ
Ľ΢Цҡͷһȭ飡һ죬ֻٰһѪӿ³һѪ
ǰһƬģƬ̼ѹٿʱͨؿڣŵĵĽ
Ľȭ΢Цʦ֣ã
㡭ͨһſڣۡһѪҡҡ׹Ҫˤ
밲˼ۿţһͲˤڵأϧͨǿվˣͿһۣһ
һѪ·йľһ±
ããͨЦһĽͷǳнˣû뵽ʦΪ
Ľ΢ЦʦֻҪָһ
ͨЦƳһٰףʦдǿԮǿϲɺأϧǿҲԼʦܸܲһӣ
ٰЦͲʦˣ
ǺãǣͨЦһȭԺӡ
밲˼ʱЦͨӻ߳ԺӾĻʱŭӿۡ³һѪ
Ťͷ޺޵һСԺҧ֨֨죬漴Ȼ̾Ǳˣ޼ɵ̫
ҪǱģŵӵĵѧ书ѹסһʱǿģʹپķҲҪĻۣһһεǿһ͡
һⲽһҧ룬ʲôܲĽùȥ뵽Ҳϡ
ٺЦһӿˡ
Ǵģ밲˼ƺȲʣŵôǱʹ죡
ٰҲЦܿЦݣʦܣպСĵŵľһСˣ
ĽЦʡģ

˵ЦŲһӰ֣ȴˡ
졭ʦ㡣ٰ׶ʱЦݣ
ĽӶֱֱٰף´һ˲Ҫɣ
ٰæҡͷһСˣûˡ
ģһǰһ֣̽׽ס󣬲һ£ߵôصˣһ£
ӻͳһֻƿӨӨƺй⻪תһöѩ׵һٰ
ٰһѾΪһ
ʦ㡭ٰɻ
鵤ܺ
ٰЩڣʦ㡭
ڰС֣ҪҪԼˣҲ˵ٹһ°ˣպᵢн
ٰҡҡͷŵŵӵĲ鵤ŵӵУҪȥȡ鵤ϳ˵ĵҩҪͣŵ˹Ͷ书ķˣĸ˷ڵҩϣ
뵽㲻ޣߵŵӣ
ԲԲһüëȥһƣĹεģ
ٰһ򣬲ˤ
ʦ㣡æе
ŤͷһۣʲôУİɣˣ
ٰվֱһƿƳأʵûʲôһɽ߶ҩת
ߵʦ۸ˣǲǣ
ٰæʹթҵȻǶ֣
ߣʦ־ǲʹթҲܴ㣡ûĵ㲻ú˰ɣ
ٰЦĲ
ʲôʡ
ٰЦ㲻֪
һۣŭ֪ʲô
ٰŤͷȥĽ״밲˼ڰ֣ʾˣȴƼˡ
ߵʦܣûѵʦ֣
ĽЦ֪ǱǨŭˣʵĵʦ㣬ɴʦڸղţʦܺݺݽѵʦ֣
Ŷһ
ĽЦûʲôģ̫ݣҲ
˼ʦܣҫȷʵص˭˶
ٰЩΡ
ЦԹ˭ֻܹǱµͣҪȻô
ٰ׶ʱʦ㣬书΢ֵ˹ģɣ
ʱߵˣǹƢʦܣôѵʦ֣
Ľ΢Цһȭ
ûŪˣ鲻ĵ
ĽЦƵˡ
鲻ƲƲ죺ߣңһصĲɣ
ĽЦͿôˣҪ˹˵ĻҪЩͷ
Ȥ¶ЦݣˣʲôֶΣ
Ľûʲôֻڲ˼ɰһ˹ˣǻһ𷢶æġ
ֶΣʡ
ĽЦһЩֵһᣬʦ㻹ðɣ
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ʦһ򲻿˵ģĵĿ㣬ȷʵмֱ¡ڰС֣´ʱʮ
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һһʽЦðһʦ˵ģһһʽඣһðʦû˴㡣
Ľȭ΢Цлʦ㡣
ȷʵչؿԨʮԨʮĪ⣬ԽǲԽƷԭӡ
ʮʽÿһʽһֽ⣬ζƿս࣬ҪúõĲꡣ
ΪŵӣҪҪһЩ£ʵʵģΪŵ֣ܳλͬ˵ãܳȫ˼
˵㻰ȥ󣬹ȻϢΪŵӣҪһӦȲ¡
ʱĲ򽣷ˮƺһգ۾͹졣
峿ʱ֣ԼСԺһֱߣһСԺԺš
˭洫ͨ
Ľ΢Цʦ֣ң޼ɡ
ʦܣԺűͨüôˣ
Ľ΢Цҹʦ֣ʦֵѾ˰ɣ
ˡͨߵ
ĽЦҾͷˣǰûûأʦ֣һֱء
д书ǳ£ûʲôͨ
Ľ˿Ժڣʦ֣㿴ҪҪȥ˵
ͨһ£ߵɣ
˽ԺͨҲûݵĴ㣬վԺ룬˵գʲô
Ľ΢Цһθʦ̣һҲûʵڼʦֵ˺ˣٸʦ̣
ͨɫһߵˣ
ĽЦʦĪˣģֻأʦֲôصˣ
ģвҰɣͨЦ
Ľɻʦֺγԣʵʶһŵӵ汾¡
ͨһ£ЦģҸʰ·磬رˣ
°ޣ֪ĽΪǿԼ鷳սŻԼ


19 
ĽҡͷЦһαȭʦ֣óǽǱȽΣ
ͨˣ
Ľüͷһ£Ȼ״ѵʦδսӣң
˵ͨϺȡ
ĽҡͷʦֱܶսΪΣѵʦֵ˻û
ãǾͱȽͨ
Ľһƶģ֪һԱܲԴӦˣ򻹲һֳʲô۶ӣִ˻ԼЦ
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Ľüͷһ¶Цݣ潣ǰһƬĻ
ܣһƬмֽɸС
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ͨҡͷӦʰ·磬ȷ±ˣĽȴҪд裬ʦָ̡
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ĽЦеȻ뿪ͨŭ

ڶ峿ĽСԺǱԨʮ׽ԽԽζ
ͨûϣôлˣʲôıƣôӹս
Ҳǰоͨɱѣ书̫Զ⡣
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Ľ̾Ϊ˲Ԩʮ
šһⶸ
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øСӣ¶Цݣ޲ɷ


20 Ԩ
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ĽЦͷƮϣȻ»ٶȺܿ죬Ľ
´ʼʱɽڣȫգͬӴƿΧű߼ʡ
˲ͣ»ǰԽԽʯȦסһУ̧ͷԽԽСһƶ䡣
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һ޷ƶԨÿһѣΧʯȫ֮ܶ


21 
ĽʦҪҵʦ㣬һڣΥɣ
´ۣЦЦôҲĽ
ĽЦŮӺϡ
Ȱģ˼ϣһ׷ޣ漰Ů˽飡ҡͷͱ׷˼ˡ
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Ľֽӹˣţϸ壬̴û˼̧ͷЦлʦ
µҲ֮ԸܶһӣСһԨǳͷ֮أǶ֮ԽԽ󣬱֮
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˶˼Уʱͣˣڲͣš
˻ع񣬶ЩƣˣԨʮ˳ЪһЪʱһʱѾȥˡ
һ֮У˳̸Ԩʮ˵ģĽܸܵĮȷʵ˽ģԼȫ
ĽҡͷڵͲΪˣûʵѾˣԶ˳
ҲûȤׯĶԴֻ书ദΪǢﷴɫ
ʲô֮ģﷴԶ


22 ֻ
ʦ㣬˵İɣƭҵİɣĽʡ
峿ʱ֣꽣Ľϵصһʮε⡣
治治Ҷ϶ֻԼ֮һֻصÿʮ꿪һΡ
ûĵطĽʡ
ҡͷ֮治Уܻб𴦣û
Ľ̾˿ҡҡͷ
üʦܣ⻰Ҽʮˣô£
ĽԾҡͷ
ȥ磿˵ЩѷӣԭˣǺӦʹһͨ书ȥҲΣգôͷ
ĽЦЦҾǺȤ
ҡͷֻصտһΣҪٿš
Ľ¶Ц갡꣡
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Ů˼ԽǿңԺɽܸӦŮԼ˼ԽԽǿ
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ƿս⣬ΪзϹ˼ԨʮȴͬȣҶѧϵͳϤ챡ס
ʦԹˣһϣ
Ľҡͷʦϣɡ
һۣҲɡ
ĽദˣӲӲΪ⣬ЦʦԺãֺ񣬱Ҹϣ
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ĽüͷһЦʦҲ߯Сʦˣ
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̾ҡͷʦ˵ԨʮҪζܳԽ
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Ԩʮ䣬ȷʵʲô˶ģʹɣߣԲҲûã̫ǳģٴҲ᲻һû̸ˣô˵Ҳ᲻ζ
ĽתͷĹˣüҲõһ˰ɣ
Ӧõˡͷ
Ԩɭޱȣиߵͱ仯ǲǵʱ䣬ȴܸܵµı仯Ϻ־ůˡ
ǵǴ죬Ӧˣô˵Ҳһ꣬ȴƫƫӴ¡
ʱһӦԼȥģ񲻼ӣû취Լȥֻܼȥ
Ľɽǰͷһ˿⣬ҡͷЦʦ㣬˵ʦ᲻ǣ
һö˵⻰̫ס
ĽǺЦȻĻôǣҪӣ
ʦҲˣʡ
ĽͷҼֲȥ
ɣ
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ĽƮƮԨصɽȻһ㣬ɢ
ĽĸгԾХԨԶԨصˡ
ͷӣҡҡͷҲСԼ˽ԭһ㡣
ԽŨĵطԽ֮ܽӳԽ£ⷽ磬󷨵ǿ
￴һֱӿüʦûָ
Ľһҡҡͷ
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Ľüͷһ˲˼תЦ˵Ҳûãòǲǣ
ףûָò죬죬ýҲ̲
ĽЦƫš
˵ָһ῵ֱԶԨ첻ʵʡ
ӶһɻĿ
ĽЦɲָ
ʲôָʡ
ĽЦ׺ָ
˵Щп̾˿ҡҡͷ뵽˲׺ɵŮ뵽Ůһֱĵ׵˼ӿ
ϧԼòɣֻصҪʮܿˣԼʱǡֻصʱйԼòɣע˵ģذԼҪҪŬС
Ľ䣬º棬ͬŵմʦ־ᶨóˣҲʱ򣬲֪ʲôˡ
֪ĽҲ˵ö죬֨ˣΧָֻš
СһȻһ𣡡Ӱһ³ǰЦЦˡ
Ľһ񣬰ߵʦһ˰ɣ
ҳȥһˣЦ
ﲻĺһĽЦҡͷµİɣǼأܷټȥǣ
Ľʦʲôˣ
ҡͷһȺСˣֵһᣡ
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̫Σˡҡͷʶķӣαطȥֻصȥȥʮܻһ˵ģ
ĽЦЦֻ֮صǺõط볹ѧԨʮ
ҰĲС³һ£˵գҪܳҾ׼ȥҲǰ֮ˣ
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Ľһۣ߯󣬸ҸʦôƤЦģ
׳Ӳ֪ѾһֱֱѸԶȥ
ʦ㡣Ľһ֣ʾȡ
ҲǫãҲ°ϣĽٶȼ죬ʩչṦһ޶
ԭǰĹԽԽ󣬵ΪһƬգ뿪ԨվԨԵתͷĹˣл֮С
ŤͷȥǵĽ
Ľһۣµ˴ľտ˽ȥһԵС
ջ񣿡ʣƳһĽ޼ҵģ
ҡͷʦ˵ǽײˣʦҸʦд裬ջʦָ̡
˵ŰνʣԨʮʩչûνֲʱнָһһס
Ľ̾Ϊ֮ڰĽ˴ݣȻΪ˽Ԩʮû֮ΪɵסĽ
µ޼ɣҲɣ
ĽЦðʦСģ
ν˿û͵Ϯһ̳˲¡
ȴһʧԭأȻĽ


23 ̫
վһ⣬ĿĽ޼ɣǡ
ĽЦǱʽʦΣ
һǱʽ˾飬赭дĵͷеˣ
ĽǱʽĵãžˣ
ţס
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¶һ˿ЦݣʦһΣ
ã˺ʽ⣬ԨûĽ
ȷʵʦܵĹͣ
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ˮʽȻ
ԨʮʽУÿһʽһĽ⣬˴˲أҪԵ츳У໥ʹ֮²ϣ
ԨʮʽҲ֮ʽӥʽ򵥵ģҪĹ۲봧ĦӥΪܣһ˿ϣ佣⡣
һЩ򵽣ûʲôϣˮʽʽ֮УҪ⣬֮ѡ
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ԨʮʮһյĿޣǿһ߻ᣬ
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ҡͷһݾȻ̫徭̫ܣҲףǲǣ
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ת˴ȥԼСԺѣֱɽȥһȥʮû
ĽԴӴԨһ쵽ԼСԺʱ֣Ȼ˹롣


24 
Ľû˵ֱ
ڣü֧ףһĽҲû
Ľվ޹˵ûʩչͨʦΪ̫óȻͨϡ
ιƺع̧ͷƳһۣ޼ɣЪϢˣ
ĽЦеأʦԸɡ
¶֪ȤΪ⣬¶һ˿Цţ»Ҫһˡ
Ľǡ
İƣӯĽŲƮȻ
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壬жȥ˷ʴǳģůů˯ȥĽٶ̫죬ůķ˺磬񵶸һ߶
鲻ָͣ·Ľ߶ٶȣһĨӰӻأԭҪһ·̣ʱ͵ˡ

ǽһ޴ĳǳءݳǣ˽Ǻףһ·Ľ˵簵ǡ
һ·ѭŰǶУܿҵһҿջһӣӿտˡ
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ЩѾ֣úܣڳ廨ţЩķš
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ĽһӣҵƲһ󡣡
ʦҲ󣿣龪ʡ
ĽЦЦû֮ͨԿɣ
úãҲ˵֪Ȥĵ
һĿĽĽʮָʲôֶһ֦ڵϻȥݺύۻңԲֻܷ羰
ιԽԽͷҪ̲סߴ٣ŤͷɹȥĽ֦İվˣ
ϲ
ĽʦȵһȣԿܳɵĻʦٸʦͷظʦɣ
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Ľҡͷ̾û˵


25 ͻΧ
ûؽе̾ʲôѽϽ˵ʦ㵽ôˣ
ĽҡͷʦˣһʱѲ
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ĽָָΧܰɡ
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ߵ˭ôĵӣҶԨˣ
Ľҡҡͷһۣҡͷ˵òô
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һɸǵҲûʦܣҵ𣿡
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ôңüһۣ˰ʦ㣬һҪģԨַ
Ľ̾˿ҡͷǸء
šһʱŤͷĹˣ
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˵ʦܣͱ°׷˼Ȱʦ˾֪ˣ
ĽЦЦȥ
ȥȥɣСĵܻǽģ
ĽͷƮ뿪ˡ

ĸоεΣԼΧһڿ̽˵΢ȴӲֱӦ
󿴿ҿʱ߰Ἰʯͷ棬ʲôĵӡ
ϦɽĺҰ֣İƣطڣǰ
˵˲վţĻڷҡҷ
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ףţˡ
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šף˴һ꣬˵ĶǽĽ˼άܣǻ۹ˣͨӡƲ˲¡
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Ťͷû뵽ʦķ㾳ˡ
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ķѣֻŮãԨʮׯķˡ
ͲԨľѧǹأΪ״ӣһȨûУԨʮׯȨ
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ת޺޵ϼһ۸СŮӣȭ治Ҫ
ҡҡͷ˵ֻǽŮ»ŮתȦӯëƮˮϡ
ߵǾɱҲûãʦѾ
ߣܲһɳЦֻһ·Ӻδӣ
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ٶԽԽ죬佣һ漴һֱóС
Сģ߳ȵ漴ȭӰ´£һȭӡѹס⡣
׳죬ƿȭӡһˣ֮Ӳһȭȭͷ
ɫ䣬һȭ߳û͹ﱾѽ̽ؿڣȭͷϴǿס˽ƣֻܰνصһƬ
ﲻæѹôа⾪ˣҧҧһŽ磬һ
Ľ֮۹ƣ¶һ˿Цݣ˺赽ӦԨصĽ
ȭˣѷڽκһΪڰһԨʮͰˡ
һٶй·磬Ľ֪ٲȥҪ֧ŲסˣǻΪһ˳ȥ
죬һؿڣȰһһ̳
ƽƽأܿĽȻķӦҪһֽˣһֵһһ
ת˲䣬Ϊˣæңûʧ


26 湥
ҹɫĽ˲Ȼɫ䣬˵һؿϣˡ
籩ȭһʵʵȭӡĽſգƾˡ
ĽӽһԲ
Ȧһһ·࣬ʱᱻȭӡʧ
ÿһζͦɣ˵ȭӡ޷ƽ֡
壬϶ȥ׷
ã
Ҫ꣬ǰȴһ˲䵽ؿڣһΣֻӲ
ȭͷ̴ִؿڡ
һΪȭͷϣǿŽƣû͸壬ֱĽγ
壡ŭȡ
û뵽Ľ죬˲ȭӡ̳һ
ԼͻȻ֮Ҳסһа⣬Ȼߣŭӿ޲ðĽһȭƬ
һ˳˲׷ǣΧĽҪɱĽ׷
ĽǺһЦһ
ߣԨʮһЦԨشӣҪ
ĬƸ
ȭһ߶Ϻȡ
˺Ȼһ󣬸Ŵǰ˵ıģһ塣
ͷһȭһȭӡ˲Ľؿڳ֣ʵȭͷΧȫƿƾˡ
Ľһʧڵԭأȴû뵽һȭӡ֣ޱȣĶȭ
ɫȻбüżڽƺĽüʯͷ
Ľݣһʧǿܹȴ룬һ֣ȭӡֵˡ
üѲܿԼ
û˲ƣûʩչƿս⣬֮Ҳ˲ƲˣǾǷӦҲôȭӡֱӵˣ
ȭйŹ֣

ЦӵĺҲûã
Ҳ죬Ҳ֣Ľǿȭӡ顱һֱ۴ֵըмϳء
һĽϢ֮ƮƮˣֲȫߣȥ׷
ȭӡ˲䵽˸ǰĽҡͷЦŪˣĲǷӦȭӡŹ֣ܹԶ׷Լ
ɿЦԼԦˣĶٿǵͷߣ˫ﲼѪ˿һ˲˲ĵȭӡ
ĽҡͷЦЦָһ㣬͡һХָһ׹ȭӡ
ࣣ·Сʯ䵽
һɺƵӿ纣˰ɳʯ֦۶ϣҡҶºֱߡ
Ľ֮УָųһָҲһȭࣣ𣬵ϵҶ׷ױ衣
ĽƺһһָҲǣ˶ͣЪȭָཻͣ
ࣣࣣࣣ
˸ʮԶָȭӡǡ
ߣȥ׷߳ȡ
Ľһʧԭأǰͬʱ̧𣬴Ĵָһ͡͡²
߳ȣ˫ȭͬȭӡͬʱӭָ
飡Ľͬʱ
СӣΪף߳
Ľ΢ЦҲ
ҡͷһ˿ڽסûãǱ߻кǡ
Ľü˵滰ǾȽǣ
ҡͷǣȻСʬɣҲûǱ£ɣ
Ľγ
СӣָҡҡͷмĵԨʮˣ
Ľ鲻΢΢ŽһעһȪתͣ
ףеŵѽŤͷЦҪԨĽʹ
гмбĽҲǺЦɣҪĽָǻй˼ɣָýԶӭѰ·СһҲ湻ģ
һƬ⻮˲佫֣ǶϺĽһʽˮס
ԭǲ׺ɵӣ۲׺иУ²׺վںУˮʶ̣֮ǷŵӳʶˮĴ󣬽Եԡ
磬ˮһϣʱˮ⣬Ǳʽ֮ϣͬ졣
ԨʮףͬʽԽһ㣬ǿһ㣬ⲻУͨз
ʱؿڣһڵϣһȭ̴Ѫ顣
Ľսǣҡҡͷתˡ
һʽˮȷʵףҪӲƴǿ˴ƽ֣ռţȻһ壬ϣˡ
ƾŸоΪһӰӼӣ֣Լһյʱ׷˰
ʱΧΧѾڵһĽĶʱһ


27 Χ
һߣͷһƣֽ΢¿˿ڡ
ʦ㣿ỽŰؿڣ˿룬Ժ֣Ѫܾ磬Ƥ⣬һš
ؿ΢ݣײѪӿ࣬Լһ¾ûˡ
˭ô㽿˶´֣ŭһʼת۹һ㺹ϸϸë׳Ѫ顣
Ľͷת˼ľͷϹ̶ؿڣùͷٴλ
˵Щһû͹ʵʵȭӡ籩뽫ɡ
｣⻯Ϊɫƥһһնȭӡݲȣˮ©Ľͣ¶ʦܣʦˣ
Ľҡҡͷ˵úأһ²С
һ֣ǲˣȴֻҪһ£ˡ
ԽݣǼأ
ĽЦҺˣģ
ﵭȭڲؽ棬ɱһһ
ʦ㣬ЪţɣĽ·
һɡ
˿񹥲ֹȴЧԽĴݣ˶һۣȭһ䣬ӿ籩ɺͷϸꡣ
üأƶļӿ죬Щȭͷÿһȭţǹ
Ľüͷһ£ȭɲһ㣬˸ա
˸˵ף书޴ߣ˸գҪգᡣ
һᾢĸܿ˸գ͵ȭƣеİĽһ
˺ȭﵽ߾磬ܹ˸ˣﲻ˳
ʦ㣬ϰɣ
ɣ
Ľһһ佣һУýˡ
ȭ˿ȭͷһһһһ͵ӽ
ĽüͷȭȷʵȻֵܵסǱʽ
ѧ¸ʤĽǰѧԨʮѧҲܵסԭ磬޿ܡ
ᶶ߲һһжȥȭͷĽ֮ͨԷᾢ侫ޱȣԱжȥ

ʦܣȭȭˡ
ĽЦʦСĲǣȭʲô㣿
ҡҡͷֻʤ֮
Ľһ䣬Ǳʽˮʽ࣬˳ƶΪͬд裬ȭཻ
Ƴһ۹ҡҡͷʦܵˮʽףӦȭˡ
תһУˮȭĽ˳ƶΪȭˣ뵽ƽ֮
һ䣬ˮǰ˳ƶΪͬһˮкأ޿ײ롣
ȭûʮкȭཻһ죬شĽӺ˶ȻǰⶸȻ֮͸
ĽƮˣؿڵȥûϢһĿڣֱ࣬Ҵܡ
Ľǰû֣ΪϤȭԨĶԹ鵹ڵϣûɱȻֻɱˡ
Ťͷüһ£Ľһʦ㣬ҪҪҰæ
šͷ
Ľ˲䵽˰ߣҪ
һ߿Х𣬶˳ХһΪһĨӰٿʧ˸ǰ֡
Ľһʮ̳һ˴һӶͣһȴȻˡ
׷Ľˣ
Ľüͷͷ
ܾˣɱһ׬ˣ
ĽҡͷϰһҲҪӣ˲򵥡
üͷϰһҲӣ棬Ҳͬŵûʲôޣʲôֶζʹó
һ˱ǷʤܻԸһԨӣרŴ֡
ĽУʦ㣬׷һܲԶġ
ʦô죿
ĽҲʦʦǣ
ҡͷĽüεʦȥ
Ҫ̫õĻ÷С
ĽͷǾ÷ɣ
ŻԭСߣǰλãȻ·󣬶ʱ󷨳Ρ
ĽԼµ󷨣˫ر֮£䲻˵ƣʱڲܽȥ
Ѿڰʾ˲عԼѾܶˣԼ˵ڷϢơ
˳󣬰ǰͷĽһֱûңң׺˺棬֪Ҳ׷Ҳ֡
Ԩɣ淨٣һ׷ٵ棬ȻҲɽʧٵӡ
ʦ㣬λʦˣĽʡ
缲ۣŲմУΧɿ쵹ţĽĵһ䡣
ҡҡͷ
Ľüûˣ
šͷ
Ľһȭںôĵӣ
ֱ֮ɱˣԽˣִ
ԽԽΪǷˣ
ĽüһۣЦ٣һӲûҲֲǡ
Ľ
Ƴһۣŵ̫ŵҲûţܲ۸ϣ
ĽüʦҲţ
ҶѳţҲ㶥⣬۵ʦϾʧ
˵Ľóķŭ̾˿ʦֻҪԨʮ¡
Ԩʮûôסҡͷ
˵Ż򣬼ʮɫѾһֺմӶ𣬸һϼ¡
ˡȻ
һ಻Ĵɽ£Ľüţȥɱɡ
ʦ㣬СĵĽ
ˡ
Ľҡҡͷ˵һء
üһ£ͷ߰ɡ
Ʈ֣ɽ϶ȥܿɽһɽǰĽǰһȥ
΢ҡһͷһȥ
һɽĽ佣𣬻ΪһƬĻסǰ಻
΢УɽںģûսܿĸˣЦߣһ߻˫ȭȭӡ簵
һȭڵȻԽԽǿⲻټ֡
һӹȻӢͣԶʤԨ
ĽӽסȭӡһƳΣ˵ϥڻƤϣһ붨ĸ굲סȭӡɽѹȹƵǰ
ʦܣ˺󣬻𹥡ߵ˳ɽ
Ľӽˣվڣס˳·Ѿɽûͨڣʺϻ𹥡
ܿһЩ֦ɽڣȻ峿֦ʪģһܿŨ̹
ﻺƣŨ̽ɽ
ĽĵͷֶζԸĸ꣬񣬲Ụ̃˵˲ɡ
ܿ洫ĽԱ˽ȥ˲ʧŨɽ漴ŭ
Ƭ̺ĽỤ̃еʦ㣡
ӭȥƥӹߣ⽫ڷס˻ȥ
ȭӡн죬ĽỤ̃ýסڡ
ﲻסˣĽǡýӼ̣ĽܲסˣҲסһĬڴ˿֡
ĿԽԽ죬ңĽһƬ䣬ɱɭɭλͬţҲûɱⰻȻ
Ҳ䣬ֻƴʦɱһȻҲܲסӴѹ
ƴ壬˽̫ʢҲƴҪأʦܱ
ʦ㣡ĽȻתŵݳסڡ
ĽĽʢһУƳһۣȴĽ
ȭͷâţȭӡȥȭͷӭĽĽ
ȭüߵʦܣȭΡ
Ľͷ壬ʮ㣬һɺǱ룬֮Ѳ
Ľǿᣬ֪ϸ΢ܸоĴڣϸ΢ķ磬һһۣʼʱѾ۹˿ʼ
߽ԴŻۣɫһ޳һСҲڣԼ޹أֻɱĽ
йĽȻһͣɫ䣬¶Цݣһֱȭӡ
ĽƺУЦݸһţϽסĽӰɢ
ߣ޳ƺһѵĵͷؿڳһĽ⣬ѪմһȾ
Сŭ𣬻ĵ͵һȭĽ
ĽһγһԲڿɢա
飡Ľֱֱʮһ
飡Ҳźˣ䵽Ľߣɽ꣬һ˱ǰߵġ
߻ϣΧסĽ漴Ųת۹ʮ֣ΧסĽ
ﻺɨΧüʦܣʲôδԸ
Ľʦߡ
һҲ߲ˡﵭ


28 
ĽЦû뵽ࡣ
ʼʱǾԼܷæӦˣһΧˡ
ʡӹˣǻʶ࣬˴ǰ޿㾳ء
ʲôطܹԼֱɰΧ棬˺һֱģҪûַҲ
ʲôѹ׾ѧٲʹûˡ
Ľʦ㣬ǰ浲ţȥɡ
㵲סġҡͷذ׷ѹ򣬶ɱһ׬һɡ
ĽЦзӡ
Ťͷλȭڵӣ
һ߳˭
ǶԨ˽⣬ÿһӵϸ鱨һͣϲʲô书ʲôΣѧʲô书ȵȡ
Ѽ鱨вûĽؼĽչʾ˳ԾΪ
һδģӻĽϡ
ΪĽԨľӢԨһУǰţΪŮԨʮѾž֧ԨŻ
ɳĽ֮Ľ书ʤ֣ʯͷĳһͻȻһ³֣Ȼǰס
Ʋ⣬Ԩǿ֮˾СӣƵǰͷΪĿֵġ
ɳ;µΪˣʤǰһӣպɾͻˣĶɱȻĻԽԽ
ǰһΧˣԸԳס

ĽǺЦ޼ɣ
޼ɡ˪ü߳ü͸죬ȱ˶Ҫ׼֣˪üۡ
˫ɭɭ˸˼£ߵ״ӣ
Ľ΢Ц
һ޼ɣǺÿ࣡˪üЦˣǴر˼
ĽҡͷЦ⻰̫󣬺ǺǡǺǡ
ЦûЦԽԽ󣬵˺ը죬˶죬Ѫһҡ
ס䣡˪ü߳ȵ
ĽõԨʮׯķķͬԴƣֻѪӿȴ谭ת
ȴɣѪҡֵЦҴڣȴ
һӵеϥ˹˲еֱӻԣеĿ
Ľʹ˸ɫʾߣҡͷĽΣһһ˸
ÿһ˸ȥһһߴЦһ߳ȭڵֵȴѪʧأֻŽ̽ת۹򣬶ʮȭڵ£ʮ꼰ߺۡ
߸Եƣһŭơ
ĽХһ䣬ɸ߿ɼһ㣬ŭ࣬ʱ˵ȥ
Ҳɫһ£ֵĹǿ֮ܲסæֵԼѨ
Ľûֻӽˣʮŭһ͵һ࣬ƤһǴСΪһӰĽ
ĽֱΣգʮɣȴûܱܿ顱һ죬Ѫɣ֮
һɸ֮ײĽƮƮˣ»Ҳжȥ
죬̺ǿҵľɾ֮Ľһʱ޷ȫжȥӲˡ
ۣĽ³һѪ漴һ˰ߣһ֡
׷Ÿŭ
ĽҡͷЦ֮ǵ飬Ѫ˿ˡ
ƮƮûѿĽ֣Լؿ£ٶȶһء
ĽһٶҲżӿ졣
ǻ治ҪˣĽҡҡͷ
ɱ̫ˡü
ĽɱɣЩһﲻɱǲݡ
ɱ˶ٸʡ
ĽʮϧǷӦ̫졣
ȭڰʧһΡҡͷʦ㲻ɽˣ
ĽЦưɣǵֱ
з󡣡
Ľüⶫᡣ
ڱθӦķһ㲻ʹá
Ľҡͷǿзˣ
һ£һŶķȥڱΣ˵ķãֵ¿๦
Ľʦɶķ
ƾιͣԸʦҪʦҲûɣǸ书ıʵǰֵһᣡ
ĽЦЦٶ˵
Ÿһֱ׷ĽȻʦ㣬ߣһȥ
һ⣬ʦܻǵΪ룡
Ľѵã
һµͷĽٵ飬бԾ֣ҡҡͷԼ˼ǡ
һ˰ʱһֱܣɽñ¶Σǿ
ŸΪҲƴܸоԽԽȴ޿κΣǱĸоԽԽǿʱƿ;
һۿĽ֣ûɣҪɱЩˣ˭Ԩ󣿣
ԽԽأѹһɽÿܳһҪƴȫһʱᵹ¡
ʱǰȻһĽγ֣ͷһɣʱڰӿʲôҲ֪ˡ

ҹĻǵ㣬ǿղãһҲˬ졣
ʦˣĽ߿⣬Цеʡ
﷭䵽ݵϣ̧ͷĽʲôʱˣ
ǺǣڶˡĽЦ
ڶϣü˯һһҹ
Ľͷʦۻˡ
˦ǣʡ
ĽǺЦʦ㲻Ҫ˰ɣһ»ٰɣ
ûʣأ
ĽЦɱˡ
ȫɱˣü׷ǵģ
ĽЦЦ˷⣬У磬Ӷʱࡱһ
ţĽ
ĽεǰʦǾŸҳûʣµЩȻʦǾŸģһֱǺĵûɱǡ
ü´
ĽЦʦ㲻ţ
㲻ƭҡҡͷôģ
ĽЦеĵʦ㣬ûĳƳǰķ졣
ͷ˵ͨ
һɱʮȭڸ֣ʮ֣ҫ۾ˣ¡
Ľʦ㣬ЪһЪϻȥʦ㡣
šףǰ£ӹĽĿӣת˵
̳ǰУԺ棬ȥʦ֪Ӧһ³װȭڵˣ˵һս
ʦԭĹ˵УʦôɣȻ̫õǺġ
ʦܵΪǻ۹ˣҪǵ̫󣬶ܰͱһ̫£ʦͷ۵ˣ


29 
˻صɽȵĺߣ󷨱£û˴ȥƴкת˻ɽ
ڣĽվ¶档
üڵϢˣĽﶼ˵ֻ¿
ιɬô˵޼һɱʮȭڵӣ
Ľͷ
ʦʱΣɱǣǾ͵ܼһʵڽҡ
ĽЦʦɱɱˣѰ𣿡
ߣȭܰݣºһۣ˵˵ô죿
ĽʦȥǣʵʲôǲŴս
㲻ɱ㣿Ц
ĽЦЦû⵨
ҡͷҲ̫СȭˣҪȥǾԸɱǱɱˣɱ֣
ĽǵҪܲɱң
бı¡µǺ£ðգЩɽ
ʦʦصĹ͹ɣܻķɣ
ʣҪʲô
ĽЦʦ˵һķƿķĸӦǲǣ
Ŷ³һ£ͷרģ
Ľͷǡ
³˵ˣãñ߰ԿɣԸԽȥ
ĽЦʦİɣ治ɵĻһἰʱ׿
Ǿͺãµͷɣ
ߣĽϣһ֮һһŵܡ
Ľ˫۷Ź⣬֮Ѿÿһܶţ򱾣Ǿˡ
һǰƮһһľᣬƮϵݸĽ
ĽӹһƣĿ֣
úúˣⶫ伦ߣɾ粻ͣһ˿ɼҪҲ뿴µ
ĽЦлʦ
°ֵԼ°̫ͷۣȥĵɣһΪޣҪɾͷ
ǣʦĽͷ

ĽصСԺٰ׹ıסĽæƿЦʦ֣ҿɲʦ㣡
ٰ׼촽ʦ˵ˣҪ㣬ûˣ̫лˣ̫лˣ
Ľҵıݣʲôлģ˭һ
ɲ˭ٰ׵ʦ˵ˣ̫Сʦûûˡ
ĽЦʦİţлҲлʦʦõ˰ɣ
µءٰͷ֮ΪţʦܣʲôҪæģ
ĽЦҡҡͷʦȾʦֵм˰
ĽչʦְҴֻصϢɡ
ֻصٰͷ룺ûһúôģİɣ
ĽЦԽϸԽá
ٰ׵̸ʦǸϢһ֪һæ
Ľͷٶ˵ٰ׸뿪ˡ
Ľʼģֻҳһҳһ֣ڶҳҳһͼһͼһԲ壬ڶͼһͼķǣһ̫һźܹ졣
üдˣ֮ǹͼܹͼһأعӦ
ĽЦͼ֣һۺٱۣԺһƬڣʲôҲ֡
ʱεţ޷Ժ
Ľľǿᣬڲö࣬ڼʹҲûôˣԶͼ
Ŀ֮١
о飬֪ǹ벻ǻ򲻵񲻵ҪĵĻۣˮһ
ʼҹͣЪʱùվϢ˾񣬽ٹ룬ûҹȻ֪ʱš
֪̬֪֮ʱ䣬֪δԼԺֻͼ
ģܹͼһȴķ̫ľôҲ
¡һը죬붨УԺֱͼһһ£ȴ޷ںϳһ壬һףԺͼһ·顣
־ᶨû¿ʼ룬ţͼٴγ֡
¡죬Ժͼ飬һ龵һһȻΪڰ
¡һ죬һ죬һ˾ŵס
ĽԺͼ˾ŴΣʮٳʱٿĺϵһ𣬶ʱԺǱεſС˴󺣣޾ĸоӯĿڣĪĸж
ָоԽԽǿңա䡱һ£ԼҲˣΪĩƮؼ䣬޾ĸӿ˹΢΢磬žӵգе΢䶯
¡ţ춯ʱ˹Ժء
¶Цݣˣ

ʦ֣ȵ
ԺֳԨΣҲ飬Ԩĵϡ٣ֻ
ٰԱСԺĽٻһԾǽ䵽Ժʦܣ
ĽƮݣüλʦʦأ
ȭڴˣٰ׵
Ľüڴô
ٰ׵ͷɱӣŭս
Ľʲôʱ£
֮ǰɡٰ׵
ĽתݣϽٰæסţʦܣԸɽģ
Ľƴп
ٰæ˵ȥǻϽͣǻǧɱ㣬ȥ˾һ
ĽЦЦӣʦ֣Ҳһȥɣ
ҲҪȥġٰ׵
ĽЦһ
ٰæҪĽһܹȻʧǰٰеʦܣôҪȥ
ﴫĽЦһҵģ
ٰ׼öţû뵽ôأǰ׼ûϣҪȥˣģ
룬ֻһҵ棬ø취
ĽȣһɣӦǿҲܸӦǡ
ʩչṦƮƮܸоһݵĴڣؼ価ƿصĸо˵
һ·ʱ֣׷ǡ
ֱµ⣬ü𣺡ʦܣ
ĽЦʦ㣬ûɣ
ȥ
ĽЦеĵֺңʦأ
أġ
ĽҪʦ
һ£ת
Χǵۣʱƹ¶顣
֪εΪĽɱȭʮ֣ǲĿȭڵǶʶƲ磬öԸԸһǺһɱʮ񫣡
˵ȭƲǵ⣬ȭЩ̫࣬ͱһӵѪ׳ܲ


30 Ȼ
Ƭ̺󣬰ͷɣ
Ľĵ̺£һϮѩ浾ţĵĴ
ʦĽȭ
°ɡָָǰ
Ľ£ߣˣݹ˲ֱӡ
Ľ̹ȻʦҪȭڿս
ףΨһս
ĽǵΪǰ棬̽һʵΣ
㡪´һۣüˣ
Ľ΢Цͷ
üһ£ͷȻмŵֲû翣Դȡ
ĽܸӦڣҰռ˰ɣ
ʵáü
ĽûĻ˵ʲôͬ룬ȭڵĹУһǾԼҲͬھβš
ĽֲһģսһҪʹûŸӦķþ޴ܻΪռȻ
Ľʦȱҵԡ
һսȭڣб㻹Ϊȭģ
ĽЦҲҵġ
ҡҡͷ׻ʵ͵ϮֻܵóһʱȭӦľ飬ûʲôôġ
Ľʦ޷治ɵĻҳǡ
ݽȥҡͷ
Ȼ죺ʦҪʦ԰ɣ
š
Ľദ֪һЩṦǸ߾ԼǴ߷ǱȼԪҲ
Ṧ֪ģʮ㣬ʹ򲻹ǣҲӵõǰӦΣգһαΧȥ͵Ϯʤ㼫
ʦʦģװȭڵҲʶˡ
š³һ£ͷȻô˵Ǻðɣ޼ɣСģʮ졣
ĽҡͷʦǻǻȥȰɣǻ͵Ϯǵѣ̫١
µͷİɣǽȥ
ĽûƲķô꣬ĵĻ˵ҵӡ
ţ΢䡣
Ľȭʦȥˡ
УԸھأΪǿ»˵
ĽЦ׵ġ
˵ն԰ЦЦ뿪

뿪ˣҡҡͷ޼ɣҲɣ
ǲӣԽԽҪɲɣԼĥˣ治ģ
ҺûҲʧģÿһЦǰһЦֻһۣûɹ
û뵽ңɼԼͽˣʵ𾪣Ƕͻʧɫˡ
ʦȷʵ׿ܡ
Сһﲻ֪᲻ΣաüԼ̫ðʧ÷ȥɵġ
ʦܱʵ飬ǻ۹ˣȭֲõģʦİɡ
Ը˰ɡףǻȥôһ˵Ҳˣʲô²أ
ͷʦԼǡ
˿Ԩ󣬹ȻǷȭڵӣڹԨɽš
һԼаˣӣһȭһȭĵȭӡɳȭͷײεϡ
һһϣһսһֱߣʹǿĸҲ°㡣
չǿʵȭⲦֻѵģѾ㵽Ԩֻ졣
ǿԶ£㳬ȸ֣ʹȭ˲ŶʢҲһ˶ѣǰ£͵ϮԨѡ
´֣ܿԨӾʿһ˴仨ˮ
ºĴɱ䣬ָ֣ܵһŲŹǷأҪЩһˣԨǧҵܾͻԼϣ뵽Щð亹̫ˣͬʱŭɱ⣬Щ˶ɾ
ˣǣ˼Ԧҫ۵Ľ⣬֮ȭڵӱոһƬһƬĵ£һٶ˺ܿ⡣
ȭڻǱɣº޺޵
ʦҪҪһ£
ţ⡣ףһţǲģ˵
ʦҪҲôһ£
ҡͷ˸ɣһȷ󳭣ûõġ
ͷһţЩʬףԨǣ֪

Ľ󣬸оʶ磬˺һ㣬ؾյĸоȻ
ܸӦȭڵӵλã͵͵ǱȥܸӦӦģܻ˸Ӧ
ȭڵӶһӶ࣬жڣֱΣգȻܿȥ
书ǿ粢ǶģʹڣҲֲʵĲ࣬ʦ¾Ͳ˲١
룬棬书ĽҲ죬µĻۺҪ±ʹִСĻķȻԶʤ
׷ϵĻؼķԨʮׯǳԨʮϣ졣
ˮһʽԨʮׯеˮׯתٶȼ죬Զʤ
ôȥ̫þ׷£Ϊ֣ԨʵռţܰȻؼܳסԽ£ʸʵǡ
֪Ⱦ͵Ϯŵ֣칦ɱʮˣв֣ɱԦ
Ԧǿᣬ˽䣬ԽʹָѲ⡣
ףȭͷĴڣϧĶˣԽԵء
ռȻȭڵ׷ɱܵóѣĽԭȥȭڵѣԶԶת뿪ˣоΣɭɭɱ
²Ϊ뿪Ԩ
ĹҲֻͷɴ⣬ȭھưոݡ
ĽЦŴӦˣȥ
һСԺٰ׷ǽʦܣҴֻصϢˣ
Ľһݡ
ٰһ¾Ȳĵʦܣֻص
Ľ˵Ǳ߾棬Һܺ档
ٰĵֻصɲʲôõط֮գһЦģ
ĽЦİɣһСġ
Ǻðɡٰ׵˵ʦҪȻҲ˵ˣط̫Σգ
Ľߴ٣ٰεĵֻصʮ꿪һΣҲΪĿţһȥʮܳ
ĽͷЩ֪
ٰ׽˵ֻصʲô˶ܽģƣһʮˣƼȻԣǰʮʸȥ̫ܳ٣һܻһȥ
ȻôĽʡ
ٰ׵пܵõţһõˣһɣȭھôģ
Ľͷ
б𣿡Ľʡ
ٰҡͷֻȭڵŻûٳ
ʲôΣĽʡ
ٰ׵˶ܷУɱΣã˾ˣһʮ꣬ϳ˾ѧҲҳȥ䡣
ȭڻɹȥ𣿡Ľü
ٰһ룬ҡҡͷûȥأ
ĽɫЦ̾˿
ôٰæʡ
Ľ̾һƭְ
šٰæʲôƭְ
ĽȭڵĹȻû˳ֻһɣô˵ô˵ˡ
ŶҲٰ׵ͷֻصȷʵ̫ΣգԽΣԽ̽ʵͨ񲻼أ
ĽҡҡͷĬȻ
ڵ죬ԭĵȻͬͨ磬һһҵͨףΪҲԵ̤롣
ͨǵģͺ鷳ˣֻصʹͨҲδͨȥ磡
ôʦܣɫôѿٰʡ
ĽЦлʦˣ
ٰ׵ʦܣܶ϶ֻصƭ֣
Ľͷ˾Ųʮһȥʦ˵
òٰæͷԨҲλǰȥֻصûһģôһ˵Ҳò׵
ٰߺĽԺԺ棬Żȥķӣֻصָˡ
ȭȷʵϲ⣬ȻôһȦףһն±˲ϹңһбϷ
뵽ЩҲãֱ쳣ǰ˵Σٰһ˵ʱһ϶һȦס
ǵͨأ
룬ҡҡͷ֮ͨʱ֮أҪһŻ֣֮ΪΪˣȻᷢͨ
뵽ЩνԨʮԨʮׯķתΪǿ
ʮ֮峿ĽȻˣ޵ӳ࣬˿ȴĽ˫ۡ
ʦ㣬ʲôˣĽʡ
һϮ䣺ʦˣ
Ľһ£ŵµʦ֣
šﻺͷ
Ľȭڸɵģ
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ĽͷҰɣȥɱʮȭڵӣɱһɱʮǻҲң
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ĽЦЦΣѲȭڵӶ
ǺãСĵʦ˵õȥţ
ĽЦлʦȥˣ
뵽ܿݻһѣ峤ֻ뿪СԺ뿪Ԩ
̤Ԩ󣬱죬ٿĺˣХＲ֮˲䵽Ľǰ
þˣĽܿΪһƬ⣬˸ĺ浲ǰ
ȭһųĽһߵֵһߺˣҪ롣
оȭͷǿΪ˵ӦиӦǡ
漴ˣ˫۳Ѫ˿ݵûһ顣
һģĽ֪ʩչ͸֧ǱҲв٣񵱳ùģȭҲͬھķš
ΪǣΪǰΪԼԸов
Ѿ񣬲֪ܣֻ֪񹥣ת˲ѪȾԲ֪ƣĿ񹥲ֹҪɱĽ
Ľкһ˿ף͵һʧԭأΣ˲ò׾ʩչ˲ơ
飡飡죬ըΪ׷ɵѪ⣬һӣΧ¸¡죬Ȼ󻺻£һȦʮôнضϣҶΪɸӣеĳ˷ĩ
޼ɣس֣ɵĻ
Ľۡ³һѪҡͷЦˣ
ô£¿Χǽĳ棬ȴˡ
ĽҡͷȭڹݵģͬھֻһӲ
Ʈߣסģ룬ʣҪɣ
ɿ̽Ľ˲أͳɡ
ĽЦǷʤҲܵġ
ͺã̾Ȼȥ²
Ľ˳ˣ·Ԩ


31 ɱ
ĽСԺϢ˹˰ʱٰ֣ˡ
ʦҲһϮۺ񣬽Ц̣һ使޵Ļĺ
ĽԺеʯ£Цʦ֣ʦ㣬ɡ
´ô˵زأ
ĽЦʦʧһСˣûˡ
鿩ЦҲ˵ʱ򣡡
ٰæһʦ㣡
Цһѵܶ书Σգɲܴˣ
ٰεҡͷʦܣʦġ
Ťͷһٰףôҵߣ˵ò
ԶԡٰεĵͷʦˣҲôֻѽ
ֻôһۣСѵһˣúõֺֺôɣ
ĽЦʦǿһأ
Цʦܣظûɣ
˷ܵģͲ϶ϢĽҡͷЦʦʧˣʦû˵ʲô
ߣƲƲ죺Ǹıͽˣ
ٰ׵ʦܣҪɣ
ĽҡͷЦ˶ѣҪʦЦˣҲõò˰ɣ
ٰ׶ʱϲĵͷʦ˲ˣԤĿö࣡
ϻߵҲ˭
ٰƲƲ죺ʦַܵ
ʱŭٰײ˵Ťͷʦܣεʦ׼𣿡
Ľͷһᱨġ
ٰ׺޺޵ȭ
˵ʲôã书΢ﲻʲôæ
ٰ׶ʱɫһ䡣
ĽæЦʦҲһ
ƲƲ죺Ҳˣ˶֣ҪȻߺߣ
Ҳ֪Լ˵ˣʦܴ𣬺ߵȭڵ˺òҪôͷҪ۸ң
ĽЦȭֵǾӢӣ书ݲóڣ⵹Ǹ÷ӣҲб׶ˣ
ʲô׶ˣٰʣŬ֮顣
Ҳ֪ʦĵģԼ书ȷʵ㶥⣬Ǹ˶޷˺
Ľһһʧ֣ԪҲˣһζ⣬
ȭڵʵۺ񣬵ڶ࣬ǱȲٰҡͷ´򲻹
ĽͷǴ򲻹ֻġ
˵ʦ԰ǣǲǣ
Ľüʦ֪ģ
ЦеĵİɣϢûʦ˵ģ˵ģ
Ľñ𴫳ȥȻĻҿûӹˣ
һˣռȻһɣֻҪԨе⣬ʰԼ
ԼΪ˻صԭ磬谭أðѾ飬
ʦ˵ˣҲûô㻹ǱȭҵԸķء
ĽͷҪóԸңʤʵڲպûһ̰
µȭò书˶ԸԼ˼ƣ֮һ˵ķʤġ
ٰæʦ㣬˵ɣ
бһۣȴû죬֪ǰһأûһ
ʦܣú˰ɣʲôǴٰ׵
ĽЦлʦˣʦ㣬Ҫúܴˣǰ֣Ȼ鷳ġ
֪ڰٰ֣ױߣʦ㲻ǴӴ
ĽЦҡҡͷ뿪ר˳Էʱ䣬ٰ׷ǽ͹Ƿſ֣
һֱרעԨʮ֮ͨµʶи¸̵ĸ򣬶Ԩʮ
ʮʱתۼҹΪһӰӣûʦ¶˵ƮԨ
Ԩд󱣻һ뿪ӦȴûֹĽ
ĽЩӶȭԽ˽⣬ȭԨǧɶԲԶҲ
Ԩλ⣬棬ȭһֱ񣬿Ԩзţλ֣ȭһֱܵóѡ
ĽģҪȥȭһ֣һαڼſڣˣʵѻ
ʩչṦĽһӰϢӹأڵ˵سɴ磬Ŷ΢ƺٶȴ졣
ҹѾȭɽ֮ǰȭҲλһɽϣԶȥס˷嶥߲ʡ
ԽǸ߷壬Խ棬Ƿ嶥ǼƬɽľ࣬ܲһ
ɽģռ˾ռˣѣԨڵλüѣ˵֮ͨأָ߲ʣ̫֮֮һʥأǱԭ
ĽƮ棬дУĴ׳Ҷ̲ݸⷱܡ
ƬǡһСԣСͨȭڵɽһؾ֮·
һϣ·ԶȻתĸӦԼʱس¶ʱ
Ľ֮۴򿪣һۣƺʲô¡
ɫ糾ɫǸһҹ·Ͷ󣬵Ϊʤٰһ
Ľҡͷ̾˿֮ûаֻемǿǺˣֻϧǵˡ
±֣аƶȻڣɱ˵Ҫŵڶλ
ΪǵˣԼɱǣǾͻɱԨĵӣԼǺԨͬţ˼򵥡
ҡͷ̾˿βСָᲦϢƮƬҶϡ
ҶƮƺеƮȥ˫۵ǰרעûƮۡ
ͣը˲ĿڣתĿըʱز
ĽҡͷƮ˸ǰȻ󽣹һʱһǱһѷ졣
˶ȥĽֻӽһɳҶƽָ糣ʲôҲûı䡣
ĽĬһ𾭣꣬ȻƮ֣ȴһˣҪɱʮȭڵӡ
ȭڵ࣬Ľһ죬ֱʱ֣ŴʮɱϢ֪
Ʈ֣Ԩ
ұ˵ĸӦ׵İɹ֪ɱʮȭڵӡ
гɾ͵ģмǿĸӦðΣգֱᷢ棬ûôװ㡣
ϢĻԨֻ֪ȥ˸֪µڶ㴫ԨеӲó
ڵӿʼʱ⣬ԨȭͣҲûôˣ
֮ϢȭʧʮӣǵȭŭȭṩϢߣɽȭ
ɽȭֱ֪ųƿһȭɽ֮޷ֵֻҪɹ޼᲻ݡ
ǵȺ۴ȭڵ±زΥŵԣɽȭԺ֣Ա࣬Ҳ±


32 
ǴٰϢģҡͷѣȭǷҪԼôһն
ɽȭɲһѧȭڶľѧ֮һȲӰȭҲеľ书Ժ¡
ɽȭǿϾҪʱ䣬һ˻治Ԩ󣬲ɺɽȭͱԨʰˡ
ȭͬʱ˵ṩϢߣʵ̳Ϊȭڵӣ
ʹɺɽȭȭҲǰȫޱȣֻҪɽɣЩܳҵĪ
һṩϢ޼ɻ䣬ֻҪ֪һ֪ȭڣϧȭעҪʧˣɱ֪Ķˣû˿Լµ֡
ȭڹܲµõԼһкУܲ
ٰ˵ʱƮƮŽĽʦܣȥء
Ľͷûʲô°ɣ
ʲô£Цһﶼڿȭڵأܴܲˣ
ĽЦЦʦ
֪ҡҡͷʦܣ벻һ˭µ֣
Ľ̫أ£û֪¹ɽҲ˵ЦҡҡͷԨʮء
ʦ㣬ڵʦ𣿡ٰʡ
һĶͷæԶԣ߿ߣôһ
ٰƵĺһ鲻˵һĽ߿ߣ
ĽٰЦҡҡͷٰҲҡͷû˱飬ֻųĽ뿪
Ľ»ӻ֣Ļȥ֮һĿһĽ
ֻʣĽ̺ϣ͵ĿĽҡͷ޼ɣĵҲ̫ˣ
ﶢĽü
ĽЦʦ֪ˣ
ߣǲҲסºߵ
ĽЦʦʦ֪ң
µ뿪ţ֪ܲ
ĽЦлʦΡ
˽ԳȥûֹؼûԼһΣΪж
°ֵ˵Щ˵˵ô쵽ģ㵨Ҳ߯ˣܵȭڸǰɱӣ
ĽЦ׻
Կ󣬿ϧ̫ҡҡͷ
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ĽͷЦҲǽңȭڿû˸ôɣԴˣ˿ӡ
ҡͷѽ
µ޼ɣôģ
Ľü룬µܵĻ˵Ҳա
ĽҡͷҲԵɺϣڿöˣҪֲסǡʱ꣬һ죬ҹͼű仯ǡþŵף˾ŴΣһ㣬ҪǶһһףɡ
ءף
ĽʦñԣҾúɣҪǱʱô׿ܻ߻ħ״̬ոպá
Сһã̾
Ľ¶Цݣǰֻɡ
µˣԨ㹻һӱȥˣһܷͷû͸ǽ
ĽЦʦȥ
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ʦܣΪǿǿҲסȺΧڱɽȭŪۣʧȥˡ
Ľ΢ЦǵĻᣬҲҵĻᣬǲʦ
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ĽҲԼôѵãʹˣðҲڣ
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ȴǿ򶨣ʦʦԨأˣʦҲ
ʦ⻰ʲôģĽҡͷЦ
죡һۣûĵ֪ߵغļһΪ޵ˣ
ĽεĿЦҪ˵ȺߵʦҲôΪսȺۣͣɳʦ𣿣
ĽҪ˵˻ͷ㲻ΪԼ룬ҲΪʦһ룬ΪԨһ룿
һ˵һѣĽĿɿڴԶԡ
ŤͷЦ޼ɣ˵̫ˣ
ĽЦʦҡ
˵Σǲǣҡͷˮ磬̫ſɲǺ£
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Į¶һ˿ЦݣһЦòأɲ׼͵ɽ
Ľʦҿʲô
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ʦܣԨʮȱ֮ʣὫи󱲡
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΢Ц޼ûҪıǡ
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ԨӿգƮƮɣ΢ЦͷԨ
Ľ̾õط
ԨɲĴһ㣬һط󺣲룬˱ҵõ˾һ
ȥɡ»է䣬Ŵ䣬Ľ½ǧףºᵴ䵽һǳǳɽ
ĽƮ䣬ɽÿһһӡӡֺܿʧ
ĽµĲʣΧʯ죬Ǳǣ˲Ҫ˶
ӡʧ֮󣬡䡱һ죬ɽڴһԲֱƮȥ
ĽŽȥʼʱһƬģǰ˹ڵҹĻַǡ
ĽһЩҹǶʯϣ⻪źžûһ˲ڵ棬Ҳ
ĽĲ죬ûʩչṦײȴϢˮС
ܿת䣬Ľһ£ףȻǰȻʣһʯߣɣԲɣҹӳʯߡ
ʯյģʯڱֳһһ飬ÿһеĻͼед֣еͼֽУ书š
Ľɨһۣµ޼ɣǱߣλǰǱʽ򡣡
ĽͷŽʯȫԺȴεڿܣԺ
ĽǺˣԸֺоˣؼǾĽҪһһĥѹǡ
ĽϢĵӿ˹ûţվһҲרעΧʯڣʼ
ʱɿţĽȴоʱͣͣΨеµʯڣһͼһ֣Ժ


33 
ʯͼģжǱ㣬ٿǱʽѣƺꡣ
û뿪վԭزʱۿȻ賤ʩչǱʽ
ʱת˲֪䣬ȥµĲ򣺡޼ɣȥ¸߰ɡ
Ľٿѹʦˣ
µˣ𣿡
¿ĽۣԵͷʶӵרע񣬹ֲ֮ã֮ߣάôõרעһõ룬˼һ˸롣
Ľӣࡱһ˼ЦЦµ㡣
һУԱһ鿾ɹ֮ģɫ͹⣬žˮֻһЩ⣬Щ
ĽЦŵͷµ˵ޣסù߰ɣ
ðɡĽһ߿һ˵
¿̻ʣЦã
Ľͷǳ
µԨĴˣҪúϧܵüֺôȫԼˡ
Ľڳˣӹµ˿ĨĨݻлʦ
Լ´󹦣õõġ½ӹ˿ʮʵϵһ߲
Ľͷãȥһ
´ԱʯߣǺ׷ɽ⣬ʯϻľǺף̬ĺףȼ·һ㡣
ĽŰԺֻܷģлóһ
ؼӦĳܵĳִ̼Ȼ飬Խⶸһ㣬ӲĲѾ£ջСҪµĴ̼
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Ľҡͷȭ߯Եˣ
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34 Ǳ
һ֣ܳ˰֮⣬Ľͣ£ŭĿգӭͷˡ
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һȭڵţǰĲԨȻͬɽȥһһƽ̹İԲһǶ͵ʯڣһƬĽλһϣߵʯڵţβ
Ľ֮󣬿һƬһյأжʮŮרע档
лĸߣ뷢԰ףʱָˣһΪǼġ
ĽԵͷѹȭЩʵǿʢ򣬿Щľͷ֪һ
ǸϵεţԨĵǸʤ֡
ĽԼµãڹ治ͬȭڶԵӵļʤһǳͷǽ߶Ǽزſܳ
кȻܼǵǱҲлǵǱ󾢶ޡ
ҡҡͷԨãŵ̫٣ԵҪ̫ϣƶҲһȱݡ
Цһ£ҪǿʢԨ󣬸ӻڹϣҪ¸ı䣬ϧ²ףΥƿǲһ˲ʦصԶţ


35 
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ԼٰӣӹƧϲڵҲϲţһ˼书Բƾܳڡ
СԺһ㣬򵥵úܣ򵥵ļҾ裬ʲôҲûУûʲôãֻ﷦ζúܡ
Ľ⣬ϰһȻóϣӡ
ԭ粻ͬĽȴ󷨿Ӧãһգľˮϡ
һ򲻳ɣá
ԭ粻ͬһĽûķţѷ¡
һĽã֮һҲԽ
ǿʱ˸߾磬Ϊϧ߾硪ջһء
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ʧٴγ֣Ц棬⻤ڵķûȭڻԴΪû˸Ӳš
˲ܹͨ裬ǰһȻ˲ƻŴ֮۹۲ȭڡ
ʮ㣬һֱ۲죬ҹسһڣһһͰǰٿʧصСԺ
ڵŵƣţ¶ЦݣһǱȭһǺɽȭ
˲ϣǻɭϵȭڵȥ磬оĸķڵڣû壬գʹ˲ҲѲǵĸӦ
Σֱˣ֮Ϊ֮ԶԶ磬Ԩ纣֮С
ӲͷƤԣϢ͵ţŶǶΣ֮
ܿſ꣬ӡԺٴʧֳСǰһգٴλصСԺԺһȭһħȭ
վԺУ¹ⲽ
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飡顱顱顱һ촫ŭĸ߻ȭɽȴ󷨡
Ľµ󣬿ϧΪʱ̫̣һʱ޷ȫӳʱԽã۵ԽŨԽǿ
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ĸ߱űվһƮɵмһ̤ɨܣȻŤͷһۣ˴еɱŭû뵽ôһ죡
ߣɨһ۱ٵȭڵɫԽѿΪĵӰȭڵֱĽСԺ
СԺʱĽڣֳȥܸӦڣ˺ȭߡ
ת۹ɽߵ;ͷߺȻͣסɫѿ֮ܵγˮ
£Ӳߣһռ˰ЩˣĿĪ⣬˲ֱӡ
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ôʦ֣Աʡ
ˣ
ɫһ䣺Ųˣ
ǿɫ֪ˣĲͣ³һԲæӦˣ
ˣҧ͸
ʲô˴ŭ
Ҫʦ֣㲻Բߵ
ҡͷûɣһ㣡
дһݾˣԲߵ
ŭߵдܱȵԭģͼҾͲܻһģһ
ô죿ԲߵŻˣҲ׷ô죿
ŭҧߣȥ


36 ˮ
˻صȭڵŴһƬǽ壬ŭٴӿ޷ֹ۾ͨҪŭ
ְڣҲǵļңӣôôȫµĵǽ
ĸ˶ǰأֳӣˣôٴţ
ʦ֣鲻˭𣿣Բ߲ĵĵ
ϵİƺ˹ҧҳˣңĲΪˣ
ҵóԲüҡҡͷһ黬ˮ©
Цû޷£ֻҪ߹ۣ
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һˮڶǻ𣬵ˮˮȭһһһˮһ˫ȭͬʱһ˵ĻֽȻͬȥҵĳͻЦ
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ѵˣ׷
˻ΪһӰӹ֣ʧ棬֮ĽüһֱоһӰ׺ԼһӰӰ㲻롣
룬ٴǰӣӳһȻͣ£׷ߵΪṦҲǿܿ׷
Ľһֱתǵľ룬ʮңʩչ˲ƿնȥתۻصԨ
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һָ糣¡
ڴôƷĽ֣¶ϲ顣
޼ɣЩϵİɣµ
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Ǵ鷳ˣüΨ֮ƣֻܶ㵽Ԩˣ


37 
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ĽʦΣգ
ͷǲɽǹءµ
ĽЦʦҲǰڰɣ
šµͷԨǱء
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ʦܣȥȭڵʲôţ
ĽЦ˼öϧΪնϸӦˣҴĬд
޳⣺ʲô
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æ˺ȭ
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ȭ֮ѧû㾹֣ܵǡҡҡͷҪɣ
ĽЦʰٶ֣˹Ƴˣ
ǽң´ۣΪȻҡͷ޼ɣô³çˣ
ĽЦȷʵˣã
һֱ㣡ºһǰ֪о綾ɣ
Ľͷǰ
õʱΣոоΣոо̫ͳ֪űġ
˶磬󷨴ڣ¶ֱѪȥء
˾綾֮ԸоŴΣոоһоεһߣֱӻţȥΣС
صԨɱȭڵӣɱʹ죬Īĸоٴγ֣֪ǹˣǶȻߣûǳ档
˲ƣǵ׷Ϊ̫Ṧ׷Լ

µΣȥԨŰɣ
Ľʦǻ׷
ߣҪǸҲؿ³
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Ľʦȸ˵˵ʲôǴл
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38 ں
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ĽɿԨѾɽǼʹ֪ԼµҲûϵԨһ㣬ǽ
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39 ǿ
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40 
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41 ľ
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˵䣬һĶɴǹĽڣʱ¶ϲɫֵܣʱģ
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磬ˣ
ɴϲ´ŶˣСã
Źӣôûĵ
ҡͷЦС˳Ƕ޲ߣٲֵţԹң
Ľͷ
˺һԹĵɶһۡ
Ľľô˵
ľҸǷҲҡ޺޵ǶǣľҲ߯ˣ
Ľ˴ȥʶһ£
ɾһ񣺡ˣҴȥ
߰ɡĽ
æ齣סſڣ硪
ɵСǸʲô
˴˯ۣôίʵš
˹˲ЩǱȥľң
Сãÿɳľ̫һôڶǣ
ܴùľ𣿣
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룬ͷðɣСõģ
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ĽһСԺӣľҵĶ
æֵܣ
ɷ죬ƣľƴ󣬶ȷʵ磬ҪԨǿɲҸľҽа塣
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Ľؼͷʼңţ¶һֻâ۾ʲôˣ
ľӿڣĽȭʵ
˭ҼҹӺθɣ
ĽľӴ˵ľӴݹ٣ݻᣬ°ɽ׺
׺˳һ£ߵû˵
Ľ΢Ц¸ճʦɽߣûţǲ
ðɣһ
Ƭ̺Ա߲Ŵ򿪣һɫװ꺺ӳ´һĽûвڰ֣ɣ
Ľȭ΢Ц˲ţǰһΣһɫ԰׵ϣѾźţһȣһѽ졣
б۾Ľ׺ţѧգ
ľӣĽ΢Ц
ľӣ԰Ȼͷ³Ƥ㻰ţԱţ
ĽЦݱ䣬ָһͣľ飡ײǽϣ䵽ϡ
󵨣Ľ
Ľָᵯ£ͣͣæŤָܿȴ顱ײϴǽŻҵǽϣ䲻
ĽЦ٣ľң
㵽ʲôˣľǽС
ĽߵǰľҺ˲ô
ľȥ·ˣǽеңľҾݣ
Ľ΢ЦҵҪľ


42 
̤ľȣȥľҽУĽӲΪĲȥ
ľҽԼΣѪӿŵɥвѣסס֣ˣס֣
Ľûһ˿˱˵ʱ򣬿Ҳۣ
㵽ʲôˣľϼŤеһľҵĳˣǲǣ
ĽЦˣ
ľе㵽Ҫ
ĽģҲɱ㡣
ľɿ˵гԻɸΪ񲯣ҪʲôҶ㣡
Ľ³֣ˡ
żһȡ
㡭㡭ľ͵ļһꡱһСȹǶˡ
ĽɿȣָᵯľȲѨֹѪӻͳһƿ˿ڡ
ҩľƴˣǽڵ޴ˣĺ֮Ͽһ׼ˣҲ뿴Ľ
Ľջشƿ΢Цľӣİɣˡ
ľ²ٿ
Ľӣôӣľҵţǣ컹㣬ڶȣȣ
ҡͷߣߵ֮ʣ洫ľĴУ㵽˭
Ľ΢Цת׺
˵һԺţʧ
ľվǽڣݺݵĵŴŷ򣬸Ҫ˵ĽȻ֣ЦпľҪ˵ʲô
ľæֻϾߣ
Ľ΢Цˣĳɬľӿ
˵սľӣƱѹȥȻЦﳤȥľӲȴҳ
ѪĽȴԼļͣתͷݺݵĵǽϵߡ
һܶȫֻ۾ת
ιˤϡ
幫ӣҪɣ˿ľݺݵԼ֪Ǩŭε̾幫̫ϲǨŭ
ûţǲǺʧľζˣûã
˿Ц׺Ϊ̫ǿǸû֮Ҫ飬ɱԼ׼
Ͻģľе
˳ľȫǿվȣεסһ书ģޱȡ
ӣһȥһ׺ʲôˣһ߳
ľϽߣطһҲˣ
ǡæӦһŬĻָ
Ľ죬ָǧѣιûһЧҲˣкǣʰϽ뿪ǡ
׺˭պٲҲ뿪סС˵Ǳʰˣֱӳ˶ǡ
Ľ뿪ǣĨȥϵݸָ࣬òȻһصԼСԺȻȥҶɡ
ѾȺ˾ƣǺЦôͻҵľˣ
ĽͷһȣԣƲˣ
һȣֽһԸϲˣȻĽƣã
ĽľұϾƴ鷳
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ҲľңһһǣǱȶǸľԶʤңԨ
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Ľ㲻֪
æӽɣϵӽɣ
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һЦֵҲ߯СľˣʹֵݣҲܲǣľֻСãⲻŵ𣿡
Ľľҵĳ˶úܣܶ϶Ƕ֣
ö϶ֻҪƶϣǾ͸ұҡͷľ⼸ԽԽ񣡡
ĽЦЦҪԨҲǳصġ
ҪӽɵĻԨҲǵġֺһɫࡣ
ĽǵδأİɣһӦģӣȾƣԲ˰
οЦˣֻˣԣ
ĽЦЦ֪ѹˣӽȷʵףƾˡ
ҲܵˣˣԹĽĻ̫壬ѹµǣĽʹȡ
ܿˣĽû̶ȣȾƴܣǱٶ֣Ʋ

ʱ֣ڴ£СԺͷǲҹľˡ
Ľ̹Ȼϣ˱ŭԹ̫³çľҲǣԼֲǧС㣬ܵûʲôˣش󶯸ɸ꣬Ҫ˶ľҴսĪꡣ
ĽҡͷѣһûԾΪҵĴС㣬۸Ҳ̧ͷ
˵ľ۸ǻΪʾǲҷ䱾ΪǱǾ͸лŹҡ
ľ⼸ԽԵҰĲ̲ңΪǵأһʾľһ޼ɵ
룬Ľ˵ľȷʵ֪ܿԼݣԼ
Ľοһסһӣ˶ʱ¶Цݣľֱ׿ˡ
ĽЦ˷İɣãȫ㵽Ԩǣ
ⲻðɡЦ˿
ڸȨƶ⣬ֻҪھͺãܶ㵽Ԩ󣬼ȰȫĽٺòġ
Ľ֪ͬȥԨ󣬴Ǳδأһ㵽Ԩ൱ڽǹÿμҡ
ȥٻˣμݲǻع飬ҵȨ븻ܱȨ֮ˣ׵ÿ

Ľһֱڶ붭ι䣬ңһĶãûţһһߴ
ӳһСɽϦȾ˱ɽ֣Ҳ˲¡
˺ȻüһȺӭɽòԶ
ĽЩһֱڰﶭëϴ裬Ŀܺá
Ľʣô
Ǻμҵˡ
ĽüͷҪҪһܣ
ˡҡҡͷ
ʱԷҲߣʱӿ˲ӣĽһˣһӢĸӣǻ
ӴⲻɩԶԶıƮ٬ӢŷڽЦݡ
ĽüҪ˵Ļش󶯸ɸꡣ
幫ӡӦҲɩ
ٺ٣ɩȻûţһֱ㵱ɩţ֪λǡӢЦпĽ
Ľ壿
кָ̣幫Цʣɩʲôϵ
Ľûгףɩ֮˵ǺμԼɶǵˣ
幫ЦеҡͷӴС˵ͦҹɩǺμҷˣ
幫ӣ˳


43 Ʋ
ɩкѵ䣿幫æЦеĴǰ
ҲɩҲ죬ˣøʲôʲôȥɣ
ɩƢѽôͷˣ幫ЦеģתĽǴɩҪˣ
ĽüŤͷˣСһ̫Ƿѵ
ҡҡͷ߰ɡ
ҴϽߣ幫ȴס·ɩʲôҪѽǲ
һĽЦãɩôȲ˼
Ľ̲ãЦһǺ幫ӣ
֪˻ʣ幫ƲƲ죺ҲʶʶޣǸϽİɣ⣡
ĽҡҡͷǺμҶôһȺ
СӣӲСۣ幫ӹֽһô˵Ǻμңмֵξ壬ѵѵ
ǣ幫ӣһӳӦһ̤ĽǰȰĴĽ
Ľһưȷɣ˦˦ֵ幫ӡ
幫ӵɴ۾ƺûӦĽϵЦˣû뵽Ρ
Ľ΢Цһϰɣ
幫һ·ӦҧЦֲеɩԭмֱ°һϣۣ
ǣһĽĬ䳤ʣͬǶȣסĽܿռ䡣
ĽǾһưгһֻӴӰӣĽԽԶԽ˲ˡ
飡һ죬˵ɳȥ䵽СԵû˶
㡭㡭幫ɫˣָĽ˵뵽Ľе£ҪȻҿˣû뵽ϸ֦ˣ
ĽõǴȭڵľȭȷʵΪԼѣȭϱȭڵӸ֡
Ľ΢Ц幫ӣӿڳССģ
˵ת嶭ЦЦ߰ɡ
˼ʹ죬ǿЦݣÿμ涼ģԼִ򲻹ֻܶ㣬ڽѵˣ

˺ܿԶǣ˷ܵĵ
ĽЦЦ˵˵òɣ
ĽҡͷһСˣһӾͺˣһѵõôûûˡ
͸˷ܵͷ
Ҳû˾ͺãһˣμҿɲڶҲԨˣǡ
Ľμһû
ƲƲ죬ߵûǻ¶˵ţŲԶ
ĽҡͷЦЦ
ӣܲùμСӣ
ĽͷܣұΪմӡ
ȣҲ˷ܵ׷ʣĽǽ龭˵һ飬Ů˫ð⡣
Թźú˵һ˵Ȼüһμˡ
ĽҡͷЦԼԨأֱ֮չأһֱϾ˼Щڳˡ
⻰ҲǶԶ˵ĽͣԼȷʵݡ
ЦԨûôܴר²Ŷԣĵǲ
ĽԸпˣŮĸ˲ϲ
С㣬Ҫú۸һºμң
ҡͷҪμʲôֱ𣿴˵Ϣ
ðɡεĵͷɴ֪ġ
ĽЦڵľأû۸μҡ
üľҺģҲԵȺμһɶ񡣡
Ľһ취ģİɡ
붭˴˳ǣϾ뿪˶ڶ죬ʢһϢժͱɱ¥ֵ׺ųưɽ׺
ǶȻð׺ܺ棬Ī⣬û֪ˡ
ժһɻṦܼҽƻթϹǰ֡
Ƿִ˿ֱˣǰоΣգԲŻΪģӳ졣
ҪⱾ£ƾĻ£ͱɱ˼ٻؼǧˣңڣûκεˡ
ϧôûŴɶû취ĲɻȻһĬĬŵĲϣ׺ɽ׺Ǻηʥǰû˵Ҫˣ
˻ɿ׺ã˲ɻҲժˣ׺˱ˡ
֮ʣ֮׺ٴ£Է̳ʮصһ̽ͱ׺ɱ
̽ͺųƽ࣬紺ϸ꣬ȴɱڲ֪Уһ
أ˵һӣްɣֿȭһǵĵλνİ
û뵽Ȼһé®Сϣ׺ɱдУңΪ潡
һǶ׺ûɣɱժǽңɱ̽;Ͳǽˣʵ
֮治УǰͻȻĸ֣ÿ궼мһˣǳ÷ʽ
֮һλִ׺Ķ֣һǲô𾪣ȴͬ׺ĵλ
׺һ·ϣǱһִɡӽɡ
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ĽΪǣƿս˲ʩչԽӦ֣ÿһأ㶭˳棬ڶҡ򷵻ǱߣϷߡ
һΪ˷ɢע⣬ƲԼ붭ҵĹϵһ棬Ҳӽɵĵס
һ·ߣһ·һʩչͨ˿סЩα֮ۡ
Ϊ䲻޵УҲж֣ʹжҲЩǣ׼ߵĺֺ֮ЩϷ쳾Ĺˡ
ǰӦõһǡ
һɱʮˣ׺֮쳹죬Լһ֣ܳܿ˰жԸ
Щй뱨ģ밵εĻˣȻӽɡ
ӽλںһƬСϣһҲҲ˵һƬûӽɵָָ
ʯλںߣ쳣ʯк֮ܶ£˽ʯ
ʯԱӣ̾ʲô˶УΰܺãΪӽɵĵ̣ӽƹܡ
ǿӽӲ˵Щƽˡ
ҲʯǵԭֻҪڰʯǷΧ˵İȫܵõϣ˽ӣ˵ɱˡ
ֻҪ£ԼģӽԻһһ㣬ʯǷͬһķ
Ľ˰ʯǺ󣬿ΣҡͷпѾ㲻ģַʯһȣֱǴСĸо
ӰʯǶߵߣҲ߲ͷϱһһҵĽų̡
ĽȻɢ̾ŰʯǵķҲ̾ӽɣܰŪ˷ӽɲһ㡣
鸻䣬Ϊ֣ûǮɲɣ֮˹λ˼壬ҲҪҩ壬á
ôһҡǮӽ֮пɼһ㣬ǮˣԴȻḻ绢


44 
ȲżӽɵӣΧӽʵӽһƬϣټİʯǾûֲѹȺ۵ĻӽϺڣ
һҿջס£Ȼڰʯ档
֪죬峿ʱ֣ϴٴε˴ϡ
峿ʱֵİʯǺ֣СԱأȫСԵ
ʯǵСһԸصСԻ㼯ڴˣܴĿˣҵԼθڵģԼϤСԡ
һҰͣ£ҵİƤ֭࣬ۻ
úóһĳӭСЦߣʱĽȻһ绨ˮƮղλ⡣
Ľüˣʮ꣬СɰͣȺעĿ
һɣĽĶ̵Ϊ⣬߰ڹ
Ľҡͷһٴαܿ
˲ģǰ壬̵ΪһƬƬ⣬Ľˡ
ĽԼµǳţһʵڲ²һ·Ϊ˴׺ţ˲ٵˣгҵõ
һܣһߴܵķӦǰȴûʲô˿ߣ˾ռߡ
Ľü⣬ʯǵĹû壬䵭
ιûаֵ˼Ľͷһ˦˷ɳʮ⣬á
Ľҡҡͷת뿪ˡ
һʹֻͽ͵ֵġ
ĽᣬԼ첻вһһνҲɱ֡
ңǰʯǵĵ̣һʲôصĹأûӽɵʵ治϶֡
ԹϰɢʳŴߣйʯǣеУеĴæһܿóڵĶǱǵˣŲҴҵˡ
ĽҲڣ졣
ͣһХĽһʧԭأ⣬ǰλòһصİ
ĽŤͷüȥվȺӿԶÿ
ĽߣҲѰģöʣҡҡͷǵӲС
׺ĺӵͷˣ߸ЦߵһҲЦǿһˡ
ĽüҪ
Ǵ󵱼ұ𣡡߸Ц㱨Ŀɲֹࡣ
Ľҵҵģ
ߣطѰ㣬ӵõ߸Ц˫ӥ
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ĽǺЦǲ°ʯǣ
ߣֻҪɱˣʯǹܲţƲƲ졣
Ľüͷһ£˰ʯǵĵޣЦʹɱңҵĻʯǻݣ
СӲأǿɹܲţֻҪǲùأ߲мб
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ĽЦʹ˲׷ǾͶԲסˣ
˵һ˱һһ顱˷˳ȥڵһ
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ǺһЦת뿪ˡ
ߺ޵ҧ޲ð˺ˣֶָԣ书ˣֻһӲдˡ
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Ľѣ֪Լڰʯɱˣ书ҲǲСĴžŲǡ
ⲻؿջŰʯתƣһˣҲûҲˣ泩
ʱ֣һջӭ峤ʱʲס
ĽĴˡ
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ĽǺã·ɡ
Ŷ˳˿ջֱߣӳǶͷͷ˽ӯȺʱ²첽κͣ·ˮζĽ
ǿʵٶȼ죬һۿǣգһʱѾԶȥգһۣʧ
ԼʱһլԺǰȥլΧûʲôͬƾһЩ
լǰûпŵĻһǰð߲Ĵţű򿪣һ뷢԰׵С߿ˣֱӵͷÿλá
ĽǽԺһ󣬻ݷʢµĿƮ˿˿㣬֮һ
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ʦ֣ˣ
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ĽͶȡɵСֶΰˣѵǴ֮ãҺĽ֣ӣŴɣڲ¡
֣ʯЦЦǰҲúˡ
ʱһС˲ĽһۣСʮ꣬ׯϧһ书ᡣ
£˶һڲ裬Ľ̹ηû¶ԥɫ֣ʯ΢
֣ʯ²յһĿ⾼ĽӼ£һʱ棬˲ӵĵϸ
ĽüͷһɫŶ
֣ʯɽλڰʯǶǧһСɽǰɣ
Ľ΢Цҵɽӽͨ󣡡
֣ʯҡҡͷǷ˺ôľŪ壬飬ɽûס
ĽЦЦ֣⻰⣿
ǰɽˣ֣ʯ
ĽЦɽֲʲôɽ
֣ʯҡҡͷţ㲢סڰɽ
Ľ̾˿ҿΪˣʵڲףɹĵ´£ڰɽϾôСˣ
ӿɲС֣ʯҡͷ»Ÿ㣬ݣ
Ľ¶ǺЦͣҡͷ˼֣пգ뷨أ
Ҳǣ֣ʯĿʵʴ̽
Ľ򢣬ЦΣΣ
֣ʯ۾ĿԽҲ¶ˣ
ĽЦ֣Ӻβ²Ҿһɵģ
д⣡֣ʯӼȻ˰ʯǣ¾ҪŪˣ
γ䳤ᱡ֮һȪˮ
Ľֿ֣ӣӽ̫˰ɣ


45 ̽
֣ʯǳİɣ
ĽüͷٲǣҲսӽɰɣüʯͷûôɵ
֣ʯҡͷǿδأӽɵĶ಻ʤҲһ
ĽЦ֮λ޴ǣӽҪң
֣ʯСĽɽŪˣûסһΣ㵽ʲôˣ
Ľвգɽ׺ðҵҪӽʲôֶΣ
õúܣ֣ʯ΢΢һЦʮʦܣ
ǣһ꽣ͼͦΣӢ˲һʵıˡ
ȭһȻŤͷĽĿ硣
Ľü꽣ٿ㣬ϵȻ෴ΪףŴɵӣʦʦǸһ
ʮʦܣһӸаɣ֣ʯ
ǣʮʦܳӦγѩĽһĳһѱ
ӣ롪꽣ͳ
֣ʯӣλʮʦ־ͣӴһֱҪֽ̣Ӿͳȫɣ
ĽЦЦҡҡͷɣ
˵úӦΣĿǰǻû㣬̽һʵԽŴԽ
ЩŴԶǿȴ֮ðȻ¶ǿһ棬ڳһ˵ģֻͷŻ¶
У־ͶϺһһ˲䵽ĽǰӦʱ䡣
ĽƮƮһܿ˵һͬʱʳָһ㣬͡һХ
־ɫϱ䣬æս裬ָײƽƽһԪĵĽ
Ľҡͷ㲻Ҷ֣֣ɣ
ߣ־ͿһΣΪһƬӰһƬӰһƬģ
Ľһһ֣־ͳüĽֻΪһƬӰ
Ľ̾ײĪ⣬ûϵƬӰӾо˾ǰ档
һαĽܹ־;Ľû뵽ôԼ֮ԴɣʦǶ㲻ֻܿһıӡ
ĽִĴָһ־ͻ賤һ֣ĽӰ뺮ɢơ
ʮʦܣ㲻֣°ɡ֣ʯҡͷ
־ͳԣ
֣ʯҡͷ̾˿ȰˣΪһأ׺ָپĽκá
־ͺὣǰ֮˵ȫ뽣УԽ
ĽĿ䵽ϣԽԽƫƹֱ䵽ⲻͣ˸ӣɢɭɭ
ĽоΣգһʯ쾪Ӳͷһ֣æһ
ͣһ׹⻮ߣɫӣ顱һ籬ըһ˺ϱӴмϿ
ĽһŤͷһҪնԼϣǲ˵δܵ
ӽ治СѧһҪûзѵס
־ɫ԰ףĽܲģһҪܻУҲˣƫƫ
Ľ֣ӣҪɱң
֣ʯҡͷⲻʮʦһʱˣʮʦܣ
־㬵ĺһתߣ鸡
Ľ΢۾Ŀ뿪
֣ʯ̾˿û뵽ʮʦܴˣ
Ľ֣ӣûʲôµĻȸˣ
֣ʯӾͲ˵ʵ㵽ʲôˣ
Ľͷüͷҡҡͷתߣ֣ʯһſڣĽЦ֣ҪԶ֣
ʵڶԲסˡ֣ʯ亮һһ̽⵽Ľǰ
Ľָһ죬⵴֣ʯüȻǿ֡
˹סǿȻ׺ǿΪʤԼһ
ȴû֣˸ʽס
ĽһƮ⣬ʳָһ㣬֣ʯæὣס
顱һ죬ľͷײǽһ˿ûн֣࣬ʯ
Ľһָ֣ʯûձܿҲûյסֻܻӽסԼǰľûó
Ľһָһָѹ֣ʯá
ת۹Ľ˶ʮָԽԽǿ˾뽥Զ֣ʯ״ε̾ʾⲻˡ
Ľ֣ͣǣ
˵Ʈ˴֣ʯ뿪û˵Ҳû
Ľȴ֪ӽɾݣҪ̽ԼϸɣϧעҪʧˡ
ѾŪˣָŴɺûһָ۵ģԼָ࣬Ծ߰
ؿջ󣬰ҹʱ֣ҹ˾Ȼʮ˳ƴųΧϵĽ


46 ɱ
ϢǱ룬ƿŷѸʯ˲Χϳ齣Ľ
Ľ⼰壬ٿĺƳȥǽڷ·𲻴ڣһû赲
ʮһܶĽõķûǽǽ궹
һӿϯһ½סӸסãʱԾĵɴ۾
ĽӿƮǣҡͷ̾˿ӽɵİɣ
ʮ˶飬Ŀɭɭģ˲ֱӡ
һЦǾӽɵģ㵨ԣǲ֪ôģ
Ľʮˣҡҡͷؼװð䣬ǵķϢӽɵģ˵΢ӽɵķ⴫
˶һۣâ˸
ĽܸоϢǿˮƣҪ̰ӣЦЦɱڣ
ģ֪̫࣡
ĽЦЦ֪֪ǶҪɱңû뵽ӽɾֶΣһһ켺Щ겻ٺ֮㶼ϰɣ
ҡͷ̾˿ɲǴɷȣһӸŻȥ֣ʯңһҾ
˵ʳָ͡ڶգۼ䵯ʮָ磬׼ȷÿһˡ
ԭŭǵϢһɢȥйƤ
͸ŭ֮ɫĵȥĽҡͷɨһۣƮƮ뿪ӣֱӳ˰ʯǣɽ
û뵽֣ʯ˹ͶȻ֣ԭΪһӣ̽һӽɵʵ
ڿðˡ

ĽһɽȻףֱԽǧ׽֮Σܷ
˲˶ڶǰ죬ɱһƬһȺɱ¾
Ľɫһʱ˴ܳţûЩ
վĽʱɿָ򶨣ӣô£
ĽҡͷҪһᴦġ
ȶ˵һס֣˺УһҲʹá
ĽһХХ˹תû˲ţѪӿѿԼġǻӣû˾
˸ĽסֻХ죬ûĿ
ĽƮƮСԺԺ⵹ˣȫͷˣôҲ
ĽƳһˣʣʲôˣ
˭һ΢ʣĿȴݶǰ㣬תȥ
ĽѾݣһľԽԽˣôĵӣ
㡭˳һ
Ľľ˶ˣ
˶һۣ졣
Ľ֪ͨˣüҵСľңСۣ
Ľ
Ľһʹɣ
˵ָ£˶ʱĵأȻ
ӣǡ˳ɵʡ
Ľˣɱ˶Ҳˣɱݲǻţ
˻ͷɱúã
ҪûɱˣģǾȻɱˣǾģ๼
ĽŶˣƮƮӹ£һٶ˾
ͬʱЩ˵ģסˣԴˣĽͨıҲȲأ߸ģĽӻȪ·ק˻
һֱߣĿɱˣһɱһٶ˶治ɫľʥ־ʮˣ־ء
һˣлţԻһЩĽ֡
һһ꣬Ľӣľһһˣһˡ
¹յöɫԽԵò԰ףЦû뵽ľҾ˺
Ľµ񣬲ݣٱˣ
ֵܣǶܵס𣿡̾˿һҲûС
һҪֵ֣ܳ⣬ľչ¶ʵ̫ˣԶǶܱȡ
Ľ΢Цܡ
ҡͷЦһ֪֮ġ
Ľɣ
ȫֵˣɾһ
ĽڣıǰĽһХ˶ִУľٶʲôã
Ľڰ֣鷳ҲҶȥˡ
ˣҪһ𣿡
æҡҡͷĽָȡݽ棬ʵܲסʹǵˣҲò
ĽͷЦЦǺãҺܿ
ʱ֮ѾŴҹ˶û˯⣬ֵúܡ
Ľ󣬳ԹҹĶ˵ľˣжľʵȷʵס
׼ȷˣֱȥľ̸һ̸


47 Ȱ
ĽԨں̺붨Ϣ˫ڸǰӡһŮʥ߹
է¶ڹŨ֣ȴסĽ˫ۡ
»Ľ纮Ȫûһ˿顣
ĽȻ֪ķʣķȭʦ
¶ȣ̾˿޼ɣִ˰ɣ
ĽЦʦ˻
ҡҡͷûʱң
ĽЩ˼ʦһ鷳¡
˵աɿӡ³һĽоһӿڱǼ䡣
죬ʦķףЧѣ覣ȥΪס
ĽһĶã˼⣬Ӧ̾ʦӽɶˣ
ӽɣһɣıųâ漴ȥüĽǧ֮⣬ǣ
Ľ̾Ƕľ˳ͻ
ҡף˼ľҽЩҰͣ̽˰ɣ
Ľ龭˵һ顣
üöԣ
ĽЦʦȥľң
šû¶죬Ƭ̣ҡͷ̫ˣӽɾŹ㡣
ĽʦӽɱΣ
ºԥҡͷԶ硣
ĽҾ͸һݣ
뵥ü
Ľͷǲ˼ŶŹңԵС
üţҲʨɳΧ㣡
ĽЦʦܵıûģ
ӽɡüûɿ
Ľİɣ򲻹Ҿܣκβң
뵽üɿˣҡҡͷ޵еģ㻹ҪСģ
ĽЦ׵ģʦʲô
ЦЦ̫徭㲻ҳ֣
ĽӦʱģʦ̫徭Ϊ
ŶЦп
Ľɫ̫徭Ҫɣ
šס
ĽҡҡͷķǿǿɺԲ̫飬Υԣ߻ħԽԽǿʵڵòʧȰʦǱˣ
ü̫徭Ԩܣÿһֻһ֪⴫
޼ɣеţһ²³̫徭ڣֱӵ㡣
Ľʦ˻飿˵ģԨʦʦ飬ֺα̫徭
¿Цһ£̾仰Լҡˣ
Ľŵʦû̫徭ɣʹˣҲ뿪Ԩ˰ɣ
ĬȻҡҡͷ
ĽҾԨʮׯʦ̫徭羫Ԩʮׯ
̾Ԩʮׯ̫Ѳ͸
ĽǰľѭҲһϣºʦչزһ£
ָָҡͷ̾ѽ
ĽǺЦʦҵĺϢɣҪһ
µӽɵҲ˵Ҳ֪СȫΪҪ£
ĽЦʦöȹһܡ
ţһύȥ졣ף붭ҵĹ
ĽЦЦҡҡͷ
ü޼ɣô
ĽЦʦϵŮҷһ
ͷºһڰ֣ȥȥɣ
ĽȭһƮƮ뿪ˡ

ĽҹУ쵽ǣľλУûʣȨơ
ǱľլլǴ̣ҲиֻĽͬ衣
Ǳ֮֮۹۲ľľԺ֣ÿ˵һһۡ
۲죬ҹһϮҹк£ƮƮľҵľ
ľľ׷귽ʮһ˶ʢʱڣ书¹ľߡ
òã֮ʮ㣬鰸ǰⲽصߣء
Ľէһ;ְνȴһͣסҲֻܶܵĽ
Ľ̾˿ָһ͡һХľ׷ίڵأϢ
Ľǰ̽һһ£Ȼʧ
ỽ
ûӦֻһ߳鷿ľ׷Ƶأæǰ̽ӣʱŭ𣺡д̿ͣ
ľףϢɱĻټľȥ٣
ĽƮľû뿪ضլӣǱ͵ľΣôƺ
һվľ׷òФķʩټľѸٻָƽֳˣֱľȥ
Ľ͵ĺһȥľլһȥ׷飬һȥӽɣͨӽеľҵӡ
ӽǧľҵӻƻҲˣԶˮⲻ˽ʣʶ˭֪ôľľǱô⡣
Ľ룬ĸһˣһǣֱǣľԴ¾ҿʼĵˣ
һ˺ĽǱľլĸ֣ǵʲôΪ
֮ʮ߳ǣֱӵľȻľ׷깧ӭ˽ȥ
ͨ͵Ľ֪ˣľ׷ľ׷֮ܣƽʱľ׷Ƶҡ
ΣľصΪμ˲
Ľ֮۹۲ʮߣӦҡҡͷΪԼΪǡ

峿ʱ֣ڰʯǣȻڵ뿪ջڳ֣ʯɫ
ʱѾ֪ԼذʯǵϢɫһܾʣӽɿûԹôĿһ꣬ı
Ľ´ʼ˷ܣþûô̼ˣʵӽɵĵס
ԴӵõУһֱûʩչĻᣬһӽɣǡһĻᡣ
̫ܿУһҾ¥ڿλ£ȻȽһƣСˣһߺȾһΧϢ
˵𣬱ߵԨԽԽ
Ľü
ôԨͦؼǣǸ˶¿ɲǺǵģ
ߣһʲôãȭڸƣ˺ƤµԨſڣԨǲҳ
¶
Ҳߣ˵ȭڲ۸
ԨԽԽˣϾһŮ˼ңס
Ů˼ôˣЦһо͸Ͻλؼȥлʲô
ǲ²˳ţ
ҾͲһŮͷɣʲôϢԨЩеӣˣ
ꡭæѹæ⻰Ҳ˵
˵ôˣ˲ߵԨеǰҲ˵⻰


48 
ĽüԨ׹䵽زˣʲô˶޼ɵ
һ˥֮ףԨ֣ǲη£޼ɵͬһ£ôһԨӻǸ鷳Ҳ޵Уѭ
Ľҡͷ̾˿ԨȷʵԽԽˣ
ܴ󣬲ԶˣŤͷ
ɫţ˵Ԩ󣬿Ԩ棬˥Ҳǵ
Ľ΢Ц֣λ̨һɣ
°գȴŭʱ򷢻йԼݣ׺Ԩʲôϸӽƿذʯǣôľ¥˰ʯߡ
˶һҡҡͷĽ˵
ĽߣЦеĵԨûʲô£ȭڱƵñŲЦ
˶һۣĽǰĴƲƲ죺ǣ
ס죡Աݵæ۾â䡣
Ľ΢۾Цʲô˵ģԨܶסڿڲɣ
ҡͷСӣνӿڳﱣȫؼľǹסԼ졣
˵ĳһƬ⣬ĽЦлǰҸ棬ҾԨˣûʲôµġ
ӵձԨСȻȭϢˣ겻ΪȻҡͷ
ǰƲһԨ˼ң˵Ѱȭأ
ĴЦĽŭӿȴѹˣ¶ЦݣӺǺЦ˵ɫ㣬ºľɫλ̨ɼ
źҡҡͷĽܾˣϧû
΢ЦžûһλѼ޲ڣ԰Σ˵׹ɫɣ˫
ϧջҪ޸ȭڵģ󺺺޺޵ĵЩŴɵĵӣˣ
ǰĽ̾˿ƴƴһǵãֻҪһɽ
̸ܿ˵أ̸úͶǸоĽÿһ仰˵Ŀϣ֪֮С
ĽǼϢ֡
뺨ĽȻЩŴɶʲôöȭԨҲûʲôɺ޵ӽɣ
⻰һ䣬һ¾ˡ
ɫ䣬æҡͷĽЦʲôѲӽݲһ仵
ֵܣʹãס죡æֹ
ĽЦƫҪ˵ӽʲô˲ģԵʹֶ켺Ʋ𣡡
˾ֵĿУᵽĽλѣˣ
ĽŤͷЦӽɵӣ
껺ͷԺԱĽ͸֮⡣
һԲһԲЦеģ͸źȻĿݣӸ¿һС
ĽҡͷôΪҳΪӽ޵Уû˸Ҷ
Īг𣿡ԲЦʡ
Ľͷӽг𣡡
кε֮ԲĵЦʡ
Ľҡͷȥ֣ʯɣʲô
֣ʦ֣Բࣺ֣ʦ֣
겻ͷһ˵ʦܣʲô书ӳȥǣ
Բҡҡͷ̾λֵܣ֣ʦ֣ǵ죡
ĽЦʣǲ
Բһ£ͷ֣ʦΪɲ⣬ҳﻹвٵĸ֣ûϣġ
ʦܣü㵽һߵģ
ʦ̾ҾǾÿϧ
ʡʡɣѲΪ֣ʦԣ
أԲæҡͷ
Ǿٷϻ书ȥ
Բҡͷ
ЦԹԴŰɣ
ԲεͷĽ㻹ܣ
ĽЦЦԲ˼һͬߵģϧΥӽɡ
Цһܣ
ɨһĸǻ
˺ԥܣҲĽڰʯǵӽû
ǽٺñϾƼˮ̸꣬С
ĽЦпǣԼһƣǵóЩͷһʱ̲ᷢǱʮ졣
ĸǱܵĽֵˣ
ĽЦЦ㱨ɣ
ðɣʲôνһ국˵亮һĽ
ַ䣬кмֹĽָһ˳ȥ
̽һУɼɵĽǰĽһģ飡ƤײԲϡ
ϣڰգһֻܶŤˣԱĿɿڴ
һз̫ǷӦ


49 
Բ۾ԲŵĵĽԭΪһֻСȴһ±ʨӣǿҷ˲ʧ
ĽĿ䵽ϣҡҡͷѵã֣ʯ˵һ׺ˣ
׺Χ˽
׺
ĽüͷһЦ׺䴫һ·ࡣ
׺ԲŭӿԼŪˣ飡
Ľ΢Цͷ׺
ֲô󵨣ԲԾ𣬱ŷƮȻ¡
һľͷӲܶԲ£ɷһҽУë
Բæ֣ͣ޺޵Ľʦˣ
ĽЦЦѨѣ֣ʯֶˣ
ţߣ¥Ŀ뿪죬еֻеĵǣе̾
ĽƺԼһਡ
¥ƹվȺݵãնţת¥ˣװơ
޲ðߣˣһ֣ǳıӵǲá
һΪ
Χ˷ܵĿĽкϷˣ
ĽǣȻڵĺȾƣѹԼ˷ܣԼҴ̼˷ܣ졣
յʱ˸о漴֣߳ٿФͦ˫޳䳤ʹ޻ȴһ;ò
׺ͬʱʡ
Ľ¾Ʊˣ֣ʯûԹ
֣ʦֶǺεݣģߵ
Ľҡͷҿڹ֪꣡򲻹Ұɣ
ɱţߺſǰһӳ˲ֱӡ
߶źĳͬʱߵģǸֻСӣʹǰվһı£
ĽˣҡͷЦӽɻ湻ǿģֻСӣ
ƲƲ죺ʶ̫ǳ
мһ£ΧǾ治ѣĽһĳ칦ʹ˫̥Ҳͨ
Ľˣְɣ
ߴĽһ˵ʱ£ΪĽӰ
ĽҡͷִĴָһ͡²͵һ죬һ׹ĴָײϽӰ
ĽУӰһ±ϡһĳȥƵýĺ
һδӰ죬˲䵽ĽͷŲæִĴָһ
ͣͬ졣
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ɫĽĽΪ
ĽҡͷλҶ֣֣ʯɣ
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һֽһִֽһ𣬽ⶸıǣɢȥΧǲɴ硣
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ĽָŤͷ΢Ц֣ӣ˺αضزأ
žž֣ʯƣȺӱվĽǰɨһǶǽڵˡ
Ⱥɳߣֱˣ
ĽЦŴ֣ʯƮݣٷ÷ȣ˲ԾøС
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ĽͷȻӽɵˣҲİɣҪûˡ
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Ľ΢ЦҵѨַ˲ͬؽƣǿܽһ֣һҪ
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ߣǲҵˣַ̫֣ʯ
ĽʧЦɱҵģɱǾǴˣӽҪɱңҾɱˣ
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ΧֵǲԾˣгˮƶɼ
ĽһΧһᣬ氲
ʦ壬Сָ֣ʯ˺һ
΢ϵţȻ֣ʯͷ̤ǰһ졣
ĽΧɣΧǷ׷˳һ⡣
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ĽԽ⣬ֻʳָᵯⵯ߽辢һ̳ٶȸ죬Ľֻʳָ
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Ľߣֵֶָ˱ƣ˵ڣЦпһվԶ֣ʯ
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Ĳͣ³ƾԼĽٿ죬ͻƼ޵Ŀ죬ȴƲʳָء
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֣ʯĻ͵ĴһҪˡ
ĽȴЦһ˱ˣûô£
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ĽЦЦ¾Ʊһӣƹģˣ
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ǣӣ߲ٶȰ׺Ӳɫûʲôӣֻɶֹһسӣ˶Ҳûá
ǿ֣ʯɫĵȥ°ڣ˵±˿ȥ֣ʯһǺģ֪ÿ֣
֣ʯһ͵һĽӣ顱һӻΪĩƮ£Ʈ硣


50 
Ľ˾¥Ц¥˶У֣ʯɫҧ
Ľڰʯ棬뿴֣ʯʲôֶΡ
γӽʵľңҪӽɶϣⲻ˾׼
ƮƮһߣƻڣٶȴ죬ǰ˰ʯǡ
֮ܿ鷽Բʮ̫Զֻܿ龰壬Ҫ˲ųɡ
صջϥ֪ӽɶҪУһβ֪жˡ
ҹʱ֣ϵĽȻۣͷһƳһ֣ԿƮ˳ȥ
ߣһݣһ⵽˸ǰƽƽһܿȻ˿ջ磬ӹһӡ
ĸ˽׷ᣬƬ̹˰ʯǣ˳֣ҼС
ĽЦ֣ӣڻ̲ס˰ɣӽɵĵ԰ɣ
ĺúڽ棬׷ᣬܿ죬ϧĽһʼ׷ϣĽһ߼һߴЦ޿κβҿڡ
ĽŴЦ֣ӣĸ׷ѹ򣬻Ҹ˹ɣӽɲ°ɣ
˵գļӿٶȣת۹䵽ס
˶һۣļ٣һɲΧסĽνʣγһƬĻ
ĽָᵯһŽܼһƬ
Ľҡͷʩչʲôطɣܳ־ðɣ
˵̼ǣԽطԽܲüһʧأʩչطСӴ󴸣ԲעͻҵԼ
һŭһժ˺ڽ¶Ŀ֣ʯݵЩŤŭһԪ
˵˵Ľͬʱһ̫£Ľ۾΢ۣȴǱյһЩ۾
Ľר뵽۾ģĽӽҲ湻նģһ˵Ϊǿٺᣬ۾ѸĴΪĶֶһӰ춼Ҫ
Ľۣ˴ϲ֪ˣǽʱһ䣬ԭ콣ӰɢȥƻȻϢ
Ľ״ǳȻʮָ̧ͬʱʮָ
͡ХУָϡ
ָͻأָ죬Ƕ˷ԣһɱĽûͻϮӦ
顭ָ紸ڿкɡ
ĽִĴָۣͣͬʱָ͸һؿڣѪĽ
ְĴָ˻ӽȴûסһָ˽ڶ塣
غȻĽ֣ʯǰͷҡͷ̾˿֣ӣαأ
֣ʯݵӲ԰ֽѪðѪͷĽȻЦ
ĽЦЦǾӽɵ׷ɱȥɣ
֪ͺã㣡֣ʯЦݣĿĽӲģ
ĽЦɽһ㣬ӽҵõ
֣ʯѵҡҡͷ㲻ġ
˵ղһᣬҲˡ
Ľҡͷ̾˿˿ɱȷʵϧֻԹҪɱԼĹˡ
ĽƮƮ뿪ӽɵΧˡ

Ԩ
Ѵյͣԣ˵
ǹң޼ɲҪġ˵һ°Žྻ
һޱˣüȴţʦԽԽΣգҲӲ
޼зִ磬濸סᴫѶġµ
ҡͷʦй˼ɣʦҵȥ
ѽҡͷݽȥˣ
üʦˣԨûʦܣ
̾޼ԨһˣɣȥҲȥ
һܶһԽӦһʦܣӽʵ̫ˣ
ȥˣﲻæ׸Ȱһ̣ٿһµ
ʦＱˣüӽ˰֣˲֪ţʦңһɳĸ֣ɱʦܣ
ЦЦҡͷԽǶ֣޼Խ£ܹϤȻǰߵġ
ھԵʵǰδáһѹסʦİɣһݸİ磬˿ҵݡ
ûĵ޼ɵָ㲻ý书ɣܷģ
ƣ
ûң̫ҡͷ
ؼʱҲãʦɽ
ҡͷ̾޼ɣ̫ڣΪСС֣̽һӽɵʵû뵽ԽԽ󣬴ɱ䣬ɱӽˣǲˣ
Ҳֻ̾ʦܶʵһ
µ̫徭ˣǰһ޼Ȱң˵
šĲɵĵͷ
ü˾ȷʵףҲˡ


51 
һʦ̫徭ˣ
š̾޼û̫徭³ҾǲΪ
ﾪ棬̫徭ԨΨһϣɴ˾һ֮УʦһֱִڴˣԼʹ̫徭ɬԼֲиû뵽ô׷ˡ
µҲˣģû鰮̫徭ͽˣ
ǣʦס
Ҫɽ޼ɣ̾Ҳˣð¡
ǣæͷ
ȥɣɾʹѶʦʦҲæµ
ͷȭ֮ת뿪ˡ
׼ңҪɽ޲߲˫ᣬһ·ɵĽһ֮
׼ţŲܽһϮۺ绨ĵʦ㣬ҪȥĶ
ҡҡͷɽһˡ
ȥʦܰɣæ
üߵ׺ʦܰɣ
˵ʲôﲻõĵ
һƲƲ죺ʦ㣬֪׺ʦܣİɣҲ˵ȥ
üߵ֪أɱ֮
֪֪ڰֵֻʦ˵ʦҲߣ
ͺãͷʰҡ
̾ǵĵʦ㣬ʦܵ߯ˣɱӽôӣôճţ
һ֮
ҡͷƲƲ죺ôףӽţ
Ҫô׶ӽҲûôˣʲô˶ôɣ˭ӽɡ
ʦԨҲ
ҲδѽҡͷӽɺģһҵԨǴͷ
Ԩǿ򲻹ӽɣǲʵ
ʦڣӽʵǲҷģ
⵹Ҳǣ黶Цʦ汾أ˵ɱİӽɵӣˣ
ͷӽɵжд̣Ҫɱɵġ
ʦܰæôʡ
һۣһ²ӣЦʦأӽɺκã
ӽɲСߵ
ͷҲ֪ʦˣûˡ
ڰָߣһúչģϹˣס죡


ɽ֮һ·У߲һ죬һСǣ۵ܲסЪһЪһĽ١
һñӣɴ棬˿ݣʽһŮӣ˾¥עĿ
һ£ժñɴ¶ƽһѾݸò
Χ̾˿ÿϧʧԭΪǸɫ˶û뵽ɫƽӹ
ﲻΪ⣬ֻСˣΧϢȻϣ̸ܿĽ
׺һӽɣ·磡̾ҡͷѡ
ߣǱӽ׷ɥ֮Ȯ
˵Ǽ˼˰ɣ
Ҽʲô˺һӽʰˣһǿʲôãֵܵһɣ
ҲδأԱߵ˲Ҳӽɣһɣܲסˣ
ǰ
˵ɱӽٶ֣ӽɿ㶪˶ˣʹɱ׺Ҳʵ𣡡
ΣƲƲ죬мĵʹʵҲӽɣ˭Ϊ
ЩҲͳһ׺
Ƿ׷׸пҡͷѡ
׺ȥĶˣʡ
˭֪
ӽҲɣ
ǵۣΪԺʦô£ʤԨһ
ӽǿᣬʤԨһʦҪСĲһ汻ס֮ǡ
ǰһһˣ΢΢һЦ
ҪˣȴѻȥȻŶ꣬ݣຩľګƤڣһ;Ǹʵˡ
ʦܣ
Ľ΢Цʦôˣ
㡭ҿһۣüߵôĵӣ
ʵû뵽ĽԭİѰңҪһأһˡ
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ܲܰ㡣
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ĽЦЦʦһŻ˰ɣ
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˵˵Ҳע⣬ؼǰɫƽôˡ
Ľܿȹһ̳ƣŰ˾¥ܿһҿջϸϸ˵
ϣĽӣ˵Ľҡͷ̾ʦ㻹ǻȥɣ
㣿ߵҴӣɣʹʱҲûίԼ


52 
ĽЦʦ˵ھóˣӽȷʵһ㣬вͻᱻҧס
û˰ɣò֮ͬ⣬ܹ˵ġ
ĽȻûˣ
üӲӲⲻ
ĽЦһҡҡͷ
ʱ㻹Цóûĵһۡ
ĽЦʦ㣬Ǵңİɡ
ʦ˵޵еģзӿơҡҡͷķܻ
Ľüͷһ󣿡
šԨĶùˣӽδûС
Ľַ಻ࣿ
ܺδûУϹѾʧÿһһһš
Ľź̾ʧˣ
ϹʱںܻԻ֪ͣôˣҲһģкܶ˲򣬶һ۰צﻺƲ⣬Ϊ
˾ͨģĽ
ͷҲ°˾ŲʮΪв̫󣬻˭ҲҪǣ
ĽЦЦܰɡ
ҡͷʦ¿Ǵˣǿķˣ̫ǿ
Ϊ󣬷󷨣ͬҲǿһԱš
ʦɱôӽɵӣһ֮£˵ö
ǣʦ㣬һСĵġĽͷ
̲˲ƣһɲ֮䣬Զȥǧϣ˫
ڻðɣĽʡ
ȭʵʵģû鷳Ѿ˸ڡ
Ľʣʦأ
ʦѾ̫徭ˡ
Ľ˿ͷãϧҲ֪̫徭ķֻܴƲ⣬һ׼ȷ
һ£˵ɣ
Ľҡͷ̫徭ش˵ʡ
ûʲôʵġ˾ʺŮ˲ֻҪ⴫ͺá
Ľº棬Цʦɣ
üһߵ㵽ҪҪ
Ľæʦ˵
һϸϸھ˵ˣĽ䣬ģֱӷԺ
һ̫徭ԺһֲȻĥ
￴۾Ҳߴ٣ƿԺӡ
һСԺڿջСԺˣһ˼סͳ׷һ㡣
ɽʱסݻķ䣬ԨٸҲԵô󷽣ɵӴִŵϰߡ
ԳݣСԺɹ̫顣
Լ˰ʱֻصĽǰߵʦܣɣ̫徭Ѳ⣬һʱ
͸˾ǶʱɼҪʮĲ˾ߣɹȡ
Ľۣ̾˿Ҵˣ
š
Ľ˾Ĺؼ飬ң
üν̫飬Ǹʦ˵ʲôأ
ĽҡͷʦԲӣ̫飬Ǽ飬̫徭ž飬ҲǸҾ磬̫徭ĸ
顭
ĽҿʦķӶˡ
顭ҡҡͷԡ
Ľ˸齣ҶԴ˾⣬ԲҲ֪
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ĽݣϦ£ϼԺӣŤͷЦʦ㣬ⶫǿԴĶֻ˵ûʲô˵ġ
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ĽĻ׷ʦһ๦ƫƫĻӣʹȴˣѧʶֵ̣ĴУѧ֮ԨԼʦܱȵġ
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ĽҡͷЦѣˣŭһĽεֽͼ䡣
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̫徭ʱ䲢Ľ֮оĽ뱻Բſʼ
Ĳֹ֮Ȼ书죬ԽԽѣҲʦָ㡣
ʹˣҲѣΪ˾Ҫľľϣ档
Ľһ״֪һʱס԰Ρ
ˣĽҲţԺԡϼ΢۾֮
ԼһӣĽȻǰʦ㣬߰ɡ
ãѸȥôˣ
ĽˣҪһܡ
˭һ漴üӽɵˣ
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˿Եãɽˮٶȴ죬ܿ뿪Сǣï֣ܵɽ
üʦܣǶҵģ
ĽӦط׷ٵҵ٣һ졣
졭ҡͷ߰ɣӽɲһ죬ȥԽԽ
Ľǻڵĵ̣ڲԸӽɵĵ԰ɣ
֪Ϊβȥߣü
Ľ΢Ц
ﶢһҡҡͷǷˣ
Ҳ֪ȥãƫƫҪߣӽ裬ðղ治֪˵ʲôã
Ľʦ㣬ӽɵƻû뿴һ򲻹˵
˲֮ʵڲɾӽҲסΪһֱ
ѽӽûôﲻΪȻҡҡͷһ˶֣Ҳˣ
Ľǹֲñˣֻá
ѽ̾˿ٶȰ֪˵档
ĽܣʦȻȥɡ
ٷϻߵ
ĽҲٶ˵˲ɽϣܿɽһʯƾɽһ㣬ƽƽɽͷ
ⷽʯͷԼʮףվһˣǶʮӣòʣƮƮһ
ĽȻüǰһڰǰŤͷЦ˶
Сĵ
оǰӵΪһ书ˣûһоǹŹ֡
װ磬Ϣվһ书ģֻһֿܣΪ̫ʦһ㡣
ĽףȭǺηʥ
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Ľͷǡ
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ɫ䣬΢Ц׷ҿɲʲôС
Ϊӳģ֣ҡҡͷСˣҲ飡
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ĽὣĿͬʱˣĽ˳ʮԶ֮磬һŽӡӽʯͷ
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֣üһɹâĽն£ͱң˲ֱ档
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Ľ˶ңжȥ֣µҪӲƴĻиһԻ
ȻһԼδûеڶһһ߹۲ܣûв
û鵽ȴû½䱸Ʋ⣬һһʱ
֮Ҳڹ۲֣µĽ⽣ίʵˣÿһ纣һһһǰԽԽǿ
ԸĽ˺һһˣעҪʧܣһһӡ
µĽҲӲƴˣֻأ취ҵ
ԽԽĽԽԽΣգʱᱻ֣նУ֣µĽԽٱƥС
ĽýӽɵĽ
ŭΣ֣һһԽԽ죬Ľܣֱֻܿ
΢۾Ȼһƣ
ƿս֮£ĽƺԽռƣһѾ֣ؿڡ
֣˺һһ䣬ɫѿĵĽ
ĽȻף
оһ֮һ±ȥٴ̽ȥĺҲûôǿ
֣µͷһؿڣĿλһĨ⡣
ĽԺڻղŵһĪһͣӿ
Ľ΢ЦǰΣ
žžýýһŰƳڰߣҡͷ̾仹˽
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ӽǫòƽ磬΢ЦӵǴ۽磡


53 Σ
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Ӳؿ̾˿ֲɱӽǱǽң
ĽЦǰȣǹ£
ЦһŤͷһ
˵תߣһӰ˲ʧ±ߵ
ͬʱһǫ֣Цҡҡͷ
Ҳɫָˡ
λǡ֣ʡ
正ӽɵģ
֣»ͷ֪Ǻιϵ
ѡߵû뵽ûδսӣ
֣ЦҲǱΣΣҲ˰ɣ
Ҿ֮ˣЦô˵ҲŮˣ˵СǰҶӽǸڲ֪ۣ
ǫ´ŰͷΪҲѵã
Ȼߵè򣬲ֵһᣡ˵ӽɵĽ׿ºУҵһ
ǺǡǫҡͷЦ
֣Ц˰ɣвŮǲ㶯ֵġ
ƲŮˣüõĵˣұµ΢ǲǣ
֣°ڰ֣Цֻʤ֮ˣҪûʲôµĻǾ͸ˣ
ﲻõĺߵСգǾͱȻУҪһӽɵľѧ
ֻ֣ҡͷǫҪپ߰գ
ǣʦ壡֣¹ӦһҪߡ
üǣǫһһ£顱ֱֱ˳ȥ
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˼磬ѸӰ֣ǰããӰãĽ·ûֹ
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֣ͣ£ֱϥҶϣ˫ֽӡܿ붨Ƭ̺Զˣ
šǫüжԶ
ڰ֮⣡֣̾˿Ṧ
ӦǫߵṦǿҲȵزһɵӣ
ϧû֣֣ҡͷ̾һ߯飬ʦʤһȻ汻ƭˣ

ĽŰʩչ˲ƣһɲǳڰ֮ɽһƬˮ̶Ա֣ǰľݡ
ѾԹȥǲͣðѪϢޣ顣
ĽˮСľѰŵϣȻʩչܹط
ϢȶĽͣʱɫ԰ףüͷûоȻϲá
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ĽվǰЦʦ㣬ˣ
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ĽܣȻǾϢ۽
׸ˡ̾
Ľʦǧ򲻿˹
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Ľͷɫء
طָƣľشָľ棬ʹҽҲЧ
ʩֱ֮ӾûȬҲȶ
ҪǫޱȣڽĴڣĽǫ
˵Ӳȣ󣬲ͣŰĽ޷һʱҲȥΨס
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Ľ̫Σգûк÷ӣ̫Խಫɡ
¶һ˿΢ЦûƽʱĮĽʡ
ɡ
Ľüʦ㣬ȥʦʲô֮
ҡͷķҶ֪ûʲôľѧķ鷳ˡ
ĽԨǰ˵зӡ
̾˿Цûʲôˣˣ徻졣
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Ұɡﵭ
Ľ絶ʣɫ
ʦܣȥǫ㲻֣
ǰ֪˵ǳȻǫΪǲǫˡ
Ľǰߣ֪֮٣ֻҪйе˼ǫԻԼȻԴвȣ˶߲
ϧǫϼ޻ĺͻȻɱԼʦȻԼͶˡ
ĽЦЦʦİɣһ书ȥ
ҡͷʦȰұƫ
Ľ΢Цʦİɣһҵ취ģ
̫ǿľҺϲҡͷҳȥתתɡ
ĽصĵͷСľݣɽȡ
ɽľˮľγȻס


54 
ĽһȦɽȣЦʦܣطôҵģ
ĽЦƽʱϲ̽ʤջ񡣡
Ӱˮ̶̶һʯ齣羵ĽĨѰŵϣЦˬ
ͷǺõط
һһ͸ĪĽʣȴ磬ЦʦϢһ£ȥȥ
ȥĶæʡ
ĽЦȥ濴ҵóԵġ
ȥءﲻԸĵ
ԤԼӣҲѹԼУĽ޲롣
Ľڰ֣ƮƮ֣˲ƵԨ
Ԩǡڵڡ
һϮ°Ϣо֣ӣ޼ɣ
Ľʦ
˵ֵ֣öСۣôʲôˣ
Ľ̾˿ʦ뿴Ǹڵš
ҪʲôţµЩŶ㶼ûˡ
ĽЦɽ֮ʯԹ˵أʦܲҿ
ţƣȥԼɡµˣɽˣô
ĽЦʦˡ
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ȫĹעֱϣſȫӦţڤڤеĴϣѰһ
ķѰʱȴʧˣ֮ڲû湦ܹ־ޱȵ
ֱӳ˴ûŷģԼֱȻûУǾûУÿһŶûá
뿪ûƣֱӻصԼСԺȻСԺʧʱϦ¡
һصɽȣϥʯϣϼ΢һ񾲡
ʦܣת
Ľ΢Ц߹ȥʦǶˣ
ȥĶˣü
ĽЦȥԶһ㣬μĨ
Ƕˣʲôԣͷٶʡ
ĽԵɡ
ðɡͷҰһ
˵Ҫʯ齣ĽæЦʦڻûָأ̫һǵȼɣ
ЦЦҾûʲôˣ˲˹
ĽεͷǾʦġ
һ˲Ľ˼ֻӣϹľףԹ֮ŵ￪ʼ
ڻһ߿Żһ˵л

޼ɣһж೤ʱ䣿һȥĵʡ
Ľüʦ㣬İɣˣ
˻ˣʹ졣
Ľʦһҵ취ģ
ðɣﲻٶ˵Цʦöһѧ֮Ķ
Ľüͷֻ书ȴ֪֮ǳҪԴģһΣǫ㲻֪˭ɣ
Ľʦ֪
ͷˣһǵùǾǶֵġ
ĽЦᱨ
ľͺáЦ뱨𣬹ƾɣԨѧһ㡣
Ľʦ⻰ʲô˼
ﻺ뱨ǿѧС
ǿѧ
Ԩѧӽɣ뱨𣬵龵ּѧ
Ľҡͷ̸ף
ʦ׺ݺɣǽЩɡҡͷ̾ǫţ
ĽЦɽǰ·һҵ취ġ
һЩ£俴һֱԨڣɽʶ㲩ָơ
ԹĽŰ˵˯Ľһʧȭڡ
ȭڵһֱιһһǰһٿʧ
СڣڣȴסߣһСӣԼҳۣܲŶױԣᷭôĲǻʶĺԡ
дŻĸ֣д֮˵Ŀ̬֮һͲʲôº͵ķ
һ񹦿ɲʲôķƵģôĿ֪Ρ
˱ӣС֣Сÿ͸ſ֮ҳ֣ͼķܼ򵥡
Ľϱᣬ
⻯񹦿ɲʲô·ķƫ棬ͬھķԼȥֵޡ
ĽЦʲô񹦣ҲһŴķΧǿһ˵Ϊ棬ֵٸͬ飬ǰһʧ
⻯񹦺ܲпᣬû취ٻָǷһΪҪͷ
ĽһȭΪβ⻯񹦣
ˣ⻯ã˭ôɵİԼŪӣؼʱ
˫һ꣬СӶʱΪĩϥ齣ʼ⻯񹦣ż򵥣ȴѡ
죬һ˼⻯񹦣Ȼԥʩչںƽȣǫǫһֱ׳칦ȫʱ޼ƿʩֻܿŰһء
Σڵİʱ֣ʼʩչ񹦡
ֻһϢתģĽµɢѩ⡣
ʧһֱѹֵһĪϢۿɼٶȻָš
Ľ˫ƣ۲壬ܿ촽εЦЦ񹦹ȻԼһΪ֮
ȴԼΪǣ磬˵ƽʱɫȻ
ŤͷĽĽѾ˯ˡ
ü֣ĽιŹ֣Ҷ϶
ǺǡһЦСƲһƮСݣˮ̶վˡǫ֣¡


55 
֣±ȭ΢ЦƮƮ˵
üû뵽ӽɣֶ˱ӣһŮ֣
ǺǣɲŮӡ֣ЦȴΪسŰɣ
ЦҲŴɵӣȻ˷
ǫü֣¡
֣Цû°ɣ
֪ʦǫϧˣһȥƫƫ֣û˵ģΪʵ˷ѽ⡣
ûλһʧɣЦ
֪ĽôԼģ֪һܴۣǫķ죬ѻ⡣
֣Цֶΰɣô
ɫ͹ʣ
֣ЦЦѵգһûΪţ
Ĳͣ³ȻˣԼûΪˣȴЦɱҵİɣ
Ǻǡ֣ҡͷЦᣬԹ޳ɱҪԸӢѹ˹أŻҲ
ǫߵ¸ϻˣȥɣ
һݣĽϥţ뵣·һɴ巢ˮ졣
ʱϲоĽΪָǫ֣½ݣĽۣˡ
ǫ֣Ŀһԣһ£û뵽Ƭ̹ĽƴǣǰȻͬ
ǲһͷǰǹ侫ڲǽأʶĽ塣
Ľ˫һָ̧ͣͣ磬˲ؿڡ
Ψгƺǰ飡飡˸һĽһڰߣʧ
׷ǫɫ֣Ҳ˳ľݣȴĽӰӡ
ĽŰʮһСɽϡ
ﳤһŤͷЦʦܡʦܣ
ĽͿһһѪ泯󵹡
ʦܣæסģһȥȥ¥գյһ˿Ҳޡ
ѩһˣղһ¿һעһ
Ľ£룬ĽӲأܿ챻³
ü⣬֪Ľʲô˿þĽǣỽʦܣѣʦܡ
ιĽ
ʦܣϲæ̽ʵɺһЩˣ
Ľ˫𣬽ӡʦ㣬ˣ
һˡ
ĽüǵøϽߣ
׷
ĽͷҪˣ׷ҿӲ
󷨣ѪеתΪ󷨵֮
ѪþƾǿľӲţǫִֻ֣С
£ұߣ
Ľûܾĸо뻳ǣӣܿɽ
Ľʦ㣬ǽǣҪһ١
ʲôʱ˻˵óԣߵ
ĽԱ˲׷ǣڻҪʳ
ðɣεͷǺʱ׷
Ľһ£ǵĽų̣Ƭ̺ʱ࣬ʦ㲻ؼ
汻ǴţӲˣߵʦ͵ҲûãǫίʵѲ
ǫΪ̫һķס˵ӽɵķ缫Ų顣
ĽҳԱ˷һƴ֮
ðɡεĵͷ
֪ƾԼı£Ѱ˵׷Ϊٶȸ죬׷ϡ
ʦܹ˲ԶʤκһṦߵϣ
Ľһ·ۣܿһСϣֱСľ¥ʮţ⡣
Ľѣһ˰˽ţ⣬ðĿɿڴ˽ţ̯һ˵ĶӾɲ£ôȥģ
ĽɣǿԶʤһˣǿһ߳һڽѪҺ
ĽԹ֮Ҫʮţߣһ߳Է뵣Թţ⣬ɢˡ
ܹоΪǿһһ湦ܹԷǿΪôõĻαؿ
ĽԹһһţ⣬Сһʧ˰֮⡣
ҪʩչΪԴԴҲûྪȡ
Ľһһʩչ󷨣ָ񹦵ĺ֢
ĽִŰصǰɽȣϦ£ȾɽȣһƬ͡
ϲſһУľȫı䣬ɽȶ塣
ˮ̶ߵʯϣųγˮġ


56 
ǵôҵǵģüëʡ
ĽӦһ׷
㲻Ҳͨôƽⲻˣ
ĽЦԿɡ
úˣȻ
ûĽʲôƾ书ʤ˵ģǫ̫֣Ҳʡ͵ĵƣһҲ򲻹ʦܹʤ֣£򲻹ǫ
Ľͷã֪ܲãӦǵ׷
ؼ̾˿
Ľָ֪Цʦ㣬龵ǵţǽȥģǿǫҲ޵еġ
ˣǰǫһзӶԸඣ
ĽⷨͬھһΪԷΪ
ǰˣ֤ȷʵЧǿϧûʱϸС
һΪɣ뵽ǰΣ˹书ȫˣԭΪǴء
ĽЦΪ֮󣬻зӻָǰҲˡ
üҡͷʦ⵽ôЩط
ĽЦǴ֮ˣᴫлǰķԶЩزʾˣȴڴлС
ﻺͷطȷʵ书ͻָ
Ľ󷨶辶ȷʵף׶ҲСܳãҲһ㡣
ô죿ʡ
뷨סˣȻһơĽ
ɲףҡͷûʲôá
Ľ΢Цǿδأһֱţһʱû⡣
Ǻðɡһͷ
˵ĹһЦɽǫ֣ʯƮƮ֡
ɽȹȿڴһƬӳһɽȣһڹȿھͷĽǵ⡣
Ľʩչȥ֣ʩչطʱӦǣĻ֮£ǫ룬϶ĽﻹɽȣǶ˷ɽȣû뵽ǡ

һŤͷĽ
Ľ򾲴ݣɽȷ
ʦܣ
Ľʦһҷ书ʦ㶯ɱ
ܷ书ü
ĽЦЦʦһԣɵĻߣ֮
ðɡͷ
顭಻ﵣ˷󣬴ߴٵ߰ɡ
ķĽѧ;ͬ飬Ľ󷨣ǫ󷨣ǿƳ
Ľ֮˽֣̤ңԶԶǫ֣ʯˡ
˷ֿԶǫһľ׮һţ֣ʯӽ裬ɳʯţնȥ
ǫƽ𣿡ʡ
Ľҡͷ󷨵ߵУ٣ٷ˰ףߴ·
Ľʦ㣬ȥȥ󣬱ǰ̤Ǳͳɡ
Ǳʡ
ĽͷǱƽ֮
ʦ㾫ͨ󣿡Ȼ
ԭΪĽǽΪƽ֮ǱǱԨʮǱʽ
Ľ΢Ц֪һȥ
ƮУǫۣĿʵʣ漴һ絽ĽǰĽؿڡ
Ľһ̽ӭϣ࣡ƺײһճסȲ
Ľ΢۾ǫǹЦӡ
㡭ǫɫˣüʲôа
Ľ΢Ц죬ҡҡͷǿƣֻܳ²ߣͬھɣ
ճһǫ˦֡
Ľȫʩչǫֻգ붯Ҳá
Ľ΢ЦǰΣ
⵽ʲôаǫҧʡ
Ľҡҡͷ˵˵
ǫһɫľһ㣬ɲһȦĽɫһ䣬쵽ѪȻУǿһ»
飡ƷֿĽƣҡΣǿдϣ
ĽԿЦ⻯񹦹ȻŹ֣һת󷨣ǵѹ˻񹦵ķɣ佣һγǫ
˽罻˽⣬һҲӲס
һ£ȥóΪĽ׸Ľ࣬ǫڲͣǡ
üȻǫҲط˴󲿷ȴзӻָӦһִ̼Ǳ
ʹк󻼣ǵٶȣԼҲȲˡ
һĶãһ˼಻˿Ӱ죬ǫսһš
ĽԽǫǿȴѹ˽൱ĽǾ壬ɱŨ
ΣǫҪɱģȻԨв̫ûв͸ǽֽǰסģһԼݻع⣬ӽҪԸԨ
ΨһϣԼʱѾɳӽĳ̶ȣȭһ㲻
ﰵԽŤͷ֣£ѾϥϣὣϥϣҪȥ
ĽĽȻʧٳʱ⴩ǫң͸մһ˿Ѫ
ǫüĽһĳĽƣ顱ֱֱɳȥײһ
ٹ˲ãƮס
ĽðѪȴ¶Цݣڰ֣ҲҪ
ǫ򵹵ϣָסĿѨλûд󰭣·䣬ǫһĿڰһû
Ļ֣̌Ĵָ͵һ͡һ׹ǫĿڡ࣡һѪ
ǫŤͷĽʵĵˡ
ĽӿѪԽһʦܣ
ĽҡͷǺЦѪҲѹסЦ
æϽˣЦˣ
Ľʦȸһٿû
üһ»
һܲĽĨǵѪҡͷЦ
˿ǣ֪ˣϽˣ
Ľͷӹ˿ĨĨݻϥ£ʼӡ붨ˡ
ǿᣬվԽǿᣬһ붨ϽͼУ¾ע룬ɿָ
СĿǫԶһǫĿڣ䶤ϣûǫΪ̫ǿܲ
żǫЩпǫΪҲһ³
һ֣޳治٣ǫҲûְֽɣԼʦأ
п֮ʣĽʦ㣬׽ЩҰζ
æѹ֪ʦҪʳ䣬Ӧһȥ˼ֻҰá
ǫȳĽ֣Ҳû飬ȰѶθˣȻ֣£ĽѰͻԨԼ뿪Ԩ߶ȥ
ǫӽɵҪ֣ԼϣӽҪɱԼɳ֡
Ըһǫǿһٳǿȥܲҵʲôᣬѧһѧ龵ڵȴѧ


57 
峿ʱ֣Ԩ
£Ľںİ̺ϣڴϣڹ͡
Ľϥţȴ͸Ϣû˯ѡ
һϮ˫ȲŲ̬ŶׯüĽ޼ɣִˣӽҪˣµ㡣
ﴩ°浾ǫλܸߣӽˡ
µͷǫӽɣ޼ɶԨطҪ޼ɵġ
ʦܣǣ
ĽЦЦǫһȥӽûʲô˰ɣ
ǿδأҡͷ
µӦûмزٴ⣬Ҫһ޼вӲƴ
ĽЦһСĵġ
̾ʵСﲻæίˣ
֪ĽȥǻˮԨɣȻӽɲϧһս
Ԩ󲻽ʵҲȲӽɣʹĽʵҲԨǵ
ʦľˣĽʡ
µľҲңμء
ĽüҰĲСҪ˶ǲɡ
ǰµͷһֱǵѵӽһй˼ɡ
ĽЦЦǺʱӽٱ꣬ҲҪһºɣǣ
ԼסӽɾͲԨַΪԼڣҪһ֪ԼݣǾδˡ
ҡͷ˵һǿκβ㣬ǿô죿ǵȵȡ
Ľü룬ͷδزܣӽڱԼֵϴҪԨţ˵Ҫһ
ԨҲȭڶסſڼԨϣǶԨľηࡣ
ʦμǵˣ治֣Ắġ
ţȥһ˺μҰɡµͷȥһǣһľҵˣ
ǣʦͷ
ŤͷĽ޼ɣǱûʲôչ
Ľҡҡͷ̸ףճסһӣûʲôᣬڵĵӵǳԺǿá
쿪ҡͷǧ괫Уķȴһûйǽң
Ľ̾ⲻûô
üһϢǳһţǰݺ޵еĲܻľѧ
Ľܻ
Ʋܻ
µ˵ɣ
ͷ˵һ׳٣ܼ
ʲô׳٣ĽЦʡ
˶ƴڣ޵֣Ӵ֮󣬻£֮ûܴڣ
Ľüͷ޵֣
֪жѣЩһֱڵϣںų֮һִţ
ƴ֮ûб߼ʣû֪羿жΪûα£ϱ֣֮Ϊ
˵ĻƸᲢãأ޵У˵п֮ӣƷȷʵƴ󣬿ϧܻӢţûдˣҲʧίʵϧ
ֳˡµ񱱷ְӿǾϢ
Ҫˣ̾˿
һƲ֪ҪһѪȷ⡣
üʦҲҪữô
ҡͷЦֻǲΪã޼ɿԣ޼ɵѣһϣܵ˻ƣͲӽڣ
ĽЦô
µܴѧʹҲȥ
ĽͷǵҪһˡ
Цһԡ
ĵԵʣܺṦ
ĽṦ֮۽磬ճԨǧ֮ңȴһտȻҲṦ֮ΪǵԴлûʡ
üʦ׮鷳Ҫ˻ƣûӹˣ
µٻһȥɣ޼ɵ뻯
д˵ģҡͷ֣ǣʦҲûãӲǵ۾
ͨϢӦ֮ٺҲûãƾ׷١
ĽʦҾˣԣ
ʦܣü
ĽЦʦģзִģ
ҡҡͷܲģƶҪʧ֮һٴҲͿ
ûô׵õĴžӣ䵽ϣвš
ټɣ·ʿƣ졣
ҲʦܵΨһᣬͣڵĴżܣģĽעһա
ĽʦʵڲɣҾͷ书Ͷڣɣ
⵹ҲһӡЦ
Ľֶ֮֮ߵУʹʹˣҲܾ
Ҳһⲻѽ
ĽʵڲɣòƣҾͷ书Ͷڣ
ЦҪΪ
ĽͷᶨʵѣڣʹҲԺָܿ˿


58 
ϦȾճǡ
ճǱ಻ĸɽƽ̹һʺϲڡ
ճǵλòռţҲûʲôزɽڸճΪڶ
ճڵӳճɢģǶװ󲿷ϲ
¥ճľ¥úݳޣһȴͬһСˣǱ𴦵ʮ۸
ʹˣ¥֡
Ľڹ¥һſߣǴ򿪵ģϦǡյϣһϮеǳơ
ۣ֮ճֱӳԺ¥мңڣʡ
ճȷʵΰãдɱ֮£ǵ˶ؾصģҷ
ĽҡҡͷϣԨȱľ
һӣÿ춼ҪһˣеĺȾƣž¥ɫɫǵģһһ˽ڡ
֪֪˰սĽ֪õڵľѧףڵѭ򽥽һķѧһ㣬ûǰһ㣬Ͳùһ㣬вΥ
ĽܶԸģ̫ǳģԸˣһֱûʲô취Ψнڡ
һβܵõƵĻͻȥ书ݽڣʹݲȥҲûʲôӰ죬һ󷨰ˡ
һȻƷƣһڣȻüתͷȥһ߻¥ݡ
ĽüòԾ
߹ο࣬ʺس룬һ֪þλ书峤
ĽĿĽϣʵ޻ĳһ潣ûʲô
Ľȴоһ˿⣬ֱΣգԶΪ
߻Ľǰ棬΢ЦС磬𣿡
ڳЩֱ𶯶Ĥۡ
Ľףǰ⡣
ߵͷлСˣС
֣ɾСæܹЦҪЩʲôߵСˣһ̳ƣȻӻ֡
¾Ʋһ̳ƺܿĿ̳ţ¶Цݣһ룬Ȼһ£ҲԲˣһ롣
һ룬ŷ´룬вˣĽЦп߳ڲˣȻ¿Ľ
Ľǰкδͽ̣
׺ɣ߻ʵ
ĽЦЦǰ֪ң
׺ͺãߵͷû뵽ôᡣ
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ĽüͷȻһ֣ͣԭӽɵǰһᣡ
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Ľ֣ǰұģ
֣һߴһĵ˵ĶӶϡ
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Ľ̾˿Ҫɱңֻɱǣǰҵҵģ
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Ӳġ֣ҡҡͷ׷֮ӽɶط˲֪
Ľü˵ӽɷɱҲˣ
֣͵ʦֶһš
Ľ¶Цû뵽
֣͵Ҳذ׷ѹǸ糬ۼѡ
ĽЦҡͷҹһˣǣ޹ң֣ǰŵĲ´Ьģӽپݣҿɲˣ
֣͵˵뻯Ϊһ׹Ľ
ͣĽĴָһ
飡뻯ΪĩƮϡ
̳Ľһָֻ̳ΪƬƱŽ˱ǣûɢһȭͷĽ
Ľһȭ飡ȭͷƻɵȭͷײɢƬƮƮĲ
мֱ£֣ͻ˵·˯ʨ΢΢˫ģ˲ֱӡ
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һĽӦ
֣̤һٴε˸ǰһ£ĽżĲü֣͡
һǿᣬȻһֱӴ̵ࡣ
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֣ҡͷдΪʵѵãϧϧ
˵գһĽҼһȫ޻֣֮͵Ľ޵Ŀ죬ʱѹʡ
ĽҲ׷콣֣һȣС׼ס
֣͵ΪԼû뵽ôԶûл֮ҡҡͷ֣̾ǰ֮ٱǣ
˵һʧ֣һ絽ǰǣĽʧ˸գ֣͵һ


59 Ϣ
֣룬ҡҡͷ׺ȻѲζˣٴסˡ
ԭĽһֲĽ֪Լǳʱ͵һ½Ľ
ûϵĽṦ֮ͷ֮زز
΢۾Ƭ̣Ʈű߶ȥܿ಻ɽ֡
ٴθоĽϢϢŨԶʤǰʱһϲƲĽղһ˲ʧ۲ơ
ӿٶȣܿ쿴ĽһһԲĥİʯͷڰʯ΢һ
֣ͷŲ뾪ӵƲ⣬Ľڲʩչˣƶ
ھʮԶʱĽȻۡ
֣һ֮󶸵ļ٣䳤ΪһĨ˲Ľ֣ȴһϿտգеӰӡ
Ľ⣬ҡͷ֣ǰطˡ
֣һĽǰһ̣ȴִ̿ա
Ľ⣬Ц֣ǰһ콣֪ôɵģ
֣Цô
ĽͷӽרŵĿ콣ɣ
ûС֣׺Ӳģ
ĽЦҡͷǿδأ֣ǰ죬ȴ첻ҵĲ˰ɡ
ߣѣ֣Цһһֿ絽ĽߣһԴ˸ա
Ľҵ˿֣͵ķӣͨ˲ƽϣ֣һĽ˲ƣǰһ֣͵Ŀ콣
ǰһԶûʱ㣬֣͵Ľ̫죬ͨղҵ콣ؾûΨп
Ľ֣֣ǰذ׷ѹˣʵں棬һֿ콣
ͨȫ߶֣Ժһһ֣ơ
֣һԲһһ֣ĽҲһһ֣Ÿ֣͵Ľϡ
ĽĆУʮ̳֣֣ͣü׺ò
ԼĿ콣ʮ㣬ʲѪ飬ͷһĽ֣ȫܿġ
ĽЦЦ˿콣澪ˣӽ鴫
֣Цα
Ϊȴ˵ôôα޲һ͸Ľ
Ľ֣ǰǻǰְɣ
֣׺źɣ
Ľ·⼫ΪƽʱھиɾѧСɵѧԡ
ӽǧ괫Уѧм¼òģѵƤëɱﾫУá
ов٣ܱܿԼ콣޼һùĽʹС
ĽҡͷЦɣ
֣ͻδһ˼ĽգһĽ綯
ִ̼պ֣Цһţ񳤽֣Ϊ콣⡣
͡һ̫׹䣬֮ʢ˲ֱӡ
ĽҶˮһӳַΧһ亹Ҫͨ㲻һ¡
һһ಻Ľ⣬Ҹ֣ӲƴֺֿݣӲҲӲס
ȫͨǰܹȻս԰ΣӲܵˡ
ͣĽһһ߰Ĵָ
һָȥһƬɼ֮졣
Ľι󣬷󷨣ٿУʧ֣ǰ֣ͿʧæҪ׷
һ׷䵽еߵңԭߣٶ硣
ǽ׷ĽϢһӲŷͣҹΣɫ࣬ݽС
Цһӻͳһöˡ
飡ըɷĩһεɢĽֻǰһԭҵԪһɢʧЧ
Ľ֪һ֣ⶫУӽλ硣
˲һʧ
ת۹صճǵľ¥ԭλãС׼ʰأĽ֣ϲ
Ľһӣ˳ֵˣСæĽӹӣüЦĴӦܿˡ
ĽһߺȾһ߻Ÿղã֣͵֮أֿѣЧý֮졣
һؽʯͷԽԽأʯͷԽԽӲ˳¿ûʲôɿԣý⣬Բ׽
Ľ̾Լɵ࣬ջ۵ĹǾ
֣ͿôӲӲѹӽɵͬǣȻɾͣһǿӽɵķ
ĽγԽⷨţԼĽ٣ȻԸ֣ͣ죬ֿ죬ӲɣָҲκβãΨиĽųɡ
ϰһĶãһ˼ţһΧ˵ȻһλУһ
ģ䵽ĪϣǱˣѹ͸ŷߺޡ
Ա̾ĪʿǺһĺǱ
̫ˣ
Ҳûãˡ
ǵòĪҲùȥ

Ľüͷһ£֮۴ˣһһߵְݣһܲЭ


60 
ʱ˵ͷһ˽±
΢Ľˣ̫УҲעǵĻ
Ľûж˵ǲǻƲһƵŵҲ֪˵ˣںϣԨ鱨ҲûŪ塣
磬ĪĲʣǲ壡

磬ɵˣĪľŹǵģ
δذɡ
ʺ񣬿ĪɱģһԿ룬ǣܷ𣿡
⵹Ҳǣ
ҪΪǿϢȥĪɱҲûã
һ֪ˣĪʿԹ˲Ͼûɱˡ
Լǣ
Ľ˵˵üͷǲ˵ʲôš
뵽£΢Цͷ
ǡ˾ĵִϽ
ĽЦλ˵ĪʿʣĪʿʰɣ
ǡ׳ü
Ľ΢Ц׺
׺һһۣ׳ӵĪǰɽ׺
ĽǺЦҳݡ
˱ȭȻ̬֮
һ֮Ȼӽɣɱˣشӽɣݹʲô˶õ
ʧˣ롣׳æҲ֪Īʿʣ
ĽЦ˵͵Ĵ
Īʿн飿׳ʡ
Ľҡҡͷϧû棬λĪʿг𣿡
׳ӳ
Ӻһ磬ʲô˵ģĪҪɱǣʲô壿
׳ҡͷ
ߵ֣˵Īַˣ
ŶĽЦʡ
һĪ̫壬һţɱڣ
Ľüͷһ£ʣʲôĪʿɱģ
Ӧ˵ưɣ
ĽͷƣҲǾ޵ֵľѧĪʿʾţ
Ȿͷ
Ľ⻯ƣ
ȷʵǻơ׳ӻͷ
ĽҡͷЦѹĪʿɱģ⻯ȷʵѧһ죡
ȷʵ׳ӵͷ
ĽЦλŰɣ
Ī߯СǿЦ
׳ҡͷֻ˷棬ǻƣ浽ǲǾͲ֪ˣĪʿʵ飬Ӧò١
Ľû뵽ţǴģ
һɽõġ
ĽͷǺ
ܲµõ书ԶѷĪʿʣӲĪʿҲɱڡ
ûڣĪʿʲ֪Թ˲ϾĴĳ֣Ϊ˷ܡ
޲ϷɵĪʿߣ˻š
ߵĪԶʳǲòôﶼ֪ˣܱܲס
ĽЦ֪ˣҪġ
ãߵ
׳üҡͷǳԱˣˣ
ðɺðɣߣû˵
ĽĿ뿪֪ͨĪʿʵλãǽֱ뿪¥
ΪһĨӰӣճ˰칦һСȻֱ򣬵ͷһլǰ
Īʿڴ˴Ľʹۣ֮լӿյûˣֱڣҡҡͷ
ңһЩ˿Ȼһʧ
һʧ꣬յլӣһĪĵƻ
ˣô죿
һ°ɡ˶һΪΣȻլԱ˴ȴһ
ĽֱСȥܿһƬɽԥȥ
һ·УѭϢߣһɽǰͣ£üͷ𣬶ļ٣ܿһɽǰ
ɽǰƮѪĽֱǰһˣĽͨǰԺеӰ֪Īʿʡ
̾ԼһǰһĪʿʣ佩ӲһƣĿһСǽۡ
Ľָͨһ¿ָ£ָǿᣬΧΣ˽ֽһ˲ͷֳ书֮ǿһ㣬ĪʿҲǳصģ⣬ĽҲûüξͰһָ졣
ĽҡҡͷҲȲأһ죬죬ҪĸʱطȻ
üܣƮɽںܼ򵥣תһʯңˣֻĪʿһˣ˲ˡ
ʯһȦûʲô֣Īʿûʲô֣ûŲӦǱ˵ȥˡ
Ľʧ̾ɱߵϢѾɢûʲô֮أãã˺Ѱ
վԭεҡҡͷȻƮֻ֣ٵϢˣ֪뻯ƵûԵݡ


61 
ճǣɲʱ¥ȾƣϢʮʱһգ۹ȥʧ٣ûһϢ
ĽЩҲûţ˱ߵɽһɽȣ󷨷סԼϢ
󷨣ϢԽԽʹҲܶ϶ӽҲԼ˲Ʋ¡
ο֣͵ԼĽ
ʮ֮Ľʧˣⷨȴٳɣ֣͵ˮ׼ǿ壬Ҫʮꡣ
Ľ̾˿ʮ̫Ҫǻزȥԭ磬һжûʲô壬ãȴԽԽ˼ԭ硣
ԺĹɽһֱɢŮܸܵŮԼ˼ǵ˼ҲԽԽǿ
ϧҲȥ·̫ǿҵͨ·ס
磬һ֮ŶҪҪﵽ
һ絽һ磬Ŵɷ࣬ӵǿܴܳѳ˽硣
ڲ뿪ͨڣǿʵֻҪʵﵽͨȻ֣뿪ˮɵ¡
Ũ죬˺ܳԿͬͬķ˼ʮֵʮ꣬οʹķʤʹйվǿᣬЩԾó
ԨʱԼǿ޵УɳԨ֪֮ƣ˴лĴУ񣬿ɱĴҲƵֶΣһһȥռޡ
֮תԨʮƿսԽ˲ԽףϵķɵԽĪ⡣
׺ݣʹָ޼ɵʹɵѹױѧ
ţɵ֮ʤǰߣСһֱûµľѧΪһ塣
峿ھ¥壬Ȼһ£һ˽֪ôϽ˼ˡ
š
ģʮۼģˣ
ôģ
żǱ߿ġ
ôģ
һʮˣһǴ鷳ҴҲҴֱܳˡ

˻ͣԱ߼ĽȴһЩһֱϢڵĵ̣ԨĶĿ㣬ںᣬڲ
Ľ뿪ܿţ֮۴򿪣ܿҵһƬ֣ʱѾжʮڷʮʬס
ĽüƮƮ֣ܿڷʬ׵Ķʮ죬Ϊȴ
ŤͷĽ鲻ơ
Ľʮˣһ絽һʬǰͷ˿Աһüλ
Ľ׺
ɽ׺ü
Ľͷһ£
ϵĽ䱸̾ƷС뿴
ʬףؿڵӡĽ
ĽӡȥؿǽڵӡԱȣ˵ֱḶ̌
Ľ׽һ˿Щʱ䲻ӡһ˿޵ϢĽϲȴ˿ûʲô
С˵ĸ˵ģ
Ľǲڸɵģ
ɡɫ΢䣬һ¡
ڵǿģڵĵ̣˵⻰ҪĪһ漴ĽݣһӽӲ˹Ȼ
ûĽԶΪñˣ㵨ΪҪڡ
Ľ˵ڵƷʤһ
˵ˣ˵µֱϾ̫ϡҡͷЦǴһ鿴˵
Ľ̽ˣƾѶ϶һµָ֣һʾǿΪ
˿óԾɫأԼ֣ǰЩʬһ³
Ľȴ̽ʮһָ֣֮ԴͬһˣΪĽⲻУ˵ϢЩϤǵɱĪʿʵˣ
ҡͷʹ׷ˣõҲǧѣ˵Ҫ׷ɱ˱֣͸¼֡
Ľûȼս⣬ĸ̫ǿ̫࣬ίʵ̼˲ƣӾӣԸֲη塣
תƮƮȥҲ˴к
һ·УӦһܿ촩ճǣɽƾŸӦ·
һʱļУĽȻͣסϥһ£һ֮ɢȥ
ʮ֮һɽһսֻˣһһ֣磬֮Ƭݲ棬ɳʯ
Ľ˵Ĵ򶷣ûſΪ֮ǿԶʤԼǶ֡
֮۹ƣһһ֣ʮ꣬ݵĸӲߣԳ鶯ֵĸҲߣնյģһ΢ЦʺǾ¥ƹ
ݵ鶯磬ӿƱ׾ȴ׾ۻأԾƶ֮裬һĽ̾ѡ
⣬ʹͬҲδܴùˣƷ̫ǽĽмţƷȴˡ


62 
ĽһΨ֮۹ƣһһʽӡԺպ˼Ħһ˸ֵĶԾ洦
˴ɽһͷһͷ֮Ƭݲ棬ްݻһУɽʯɶɳ
Ľһ߹һԺģ⣬϶˲ȭףÿһжҪһƽ
ǵ·޾Ҳûһظģѧʾĵ
ĽÿһжҪ⣬ãԽԽ죬Լѧ硣
һʱĽüͷչǷЦ˲˵ˣ˵书ӣȴ伹׵侫
ĽЦɢһǳʤ붥ֵĶԾ
飡һףĽüͷһж˷ֿű˴ˡ
ţĪ飡
ߣƾıţЦЦҡͷȥɣ
ЦţҽҲҪ㣡
ЦеҡͷαأߣҲ£οôƴȨûҾˣ
ûŶ˻ƣǻҪù
ƼѰɬҿѧᡣЦŰڰ֡
ߣڵĵһ̤ǰһ㽻
ߣ治ɱ㣡Цݣҡͷ̾Ϣ
Цƾ㣬˵󻰣
˵һȭءһХȭӡΪһͷСǣʵֱ˰ꡣ
飡һɢȭӡ˳һƮɽȥ
ЦһΪһӰӼӣڹȿ׷˰꣬ɱһţΪ磬ߴ߳ɽȣ֣ƫƫĽķ
Ľü˲ɽһĶã֮׷ˣһɽȡ
˼ֱϣ߷ֱڤڤεӦܡ
ͣʯǰ鲼̦ʯڣëޣоȴ治ɫһһϸš
Լһӣһ٣¶ϲɫһģžһ죬һʯͷ£ֽס
һСʯϣĽһ֣̦ȥָ˹⻬̽СóһСӡ
ԻɫСƺƣĽȴ֪ǲͣӦǵǹ룬ˮ֣Ҫɻ׻Ŀڣֵǡ
Ľʯ飬һ֣Ҳָ⻬ȻɿķģһĶã֮ڶǱߡ
˴һţʱʱϣٴ򶫣ɽȷƶ
ԽԽɽȣĽɫ˫ַСӣһҳֽѣͼϡ
ĽǵЩÿһͼĶĪһԺտҲѼס
Ľо飬ϽϹͼУڴͼйվŷͼ֡
һӹȥĽۣ˫һ꣬һɺζƮΪʤ֣СȴûΪҽǱɫ
Ľһü˿ȻַһΣɫֱ仯ȻǾŷͼǰвͬ
Ľ˲ʧִɽС
Ľǰٹ˲ˣֱӽվУŷͼ
ͼӡԼ˰ʱЦһ˫ٴμСӣһɱзСӶʱһ˪ϢƮСһ΢â漴顱ΪĩƮ¡
ĽŷĩƮһƮƮ϶ȥȻת򶫣һȦٴλصճǡ
뻪˵Ѿ⣬õ˻ƣ֪鴫
ǰѾףֻаƣÿһƶܼ࣬ȴǴ׾ѧԽԽƵľ
ؼķ֮ܷͬӳһƻãأڶƾڰƣܷ˱
һƱһƲѣؼķԽķԽҪתԽǺҪƺܾá
ڱĽ˿ֵİ˷ͼǳѳƽѧ룬漰á
ĻƣϣһȥֱڶԷľɱΡ
Ľ̾ǰ뷨ϧʵ̫ѣþ̤һ⻯ԶԶԼǰͷ
ǰ˵ǻ۵治СƣΪԼĲã˼ȴ߳Զˡ
һѧ綼ãΨƿսվﶼܰȻȺ
˷ǰƲ࣬һһھ
Ľ̾Ϣֲõƾƴڣ⻯ȷʵѧƣҪŰΪǲסÿһζҪŹơ
ţ֪ǰߵܼܲסйվδû
죬һֱճǣûڵ¥ǳз羰ʵһĶãڴĦ򻯻ơ
ƾĽ˵ѧѾѲΨһķҪϸ΢ĲݣҪǿľ
ĽҡҡͷҲ㣬ֻʩչģǿ
νķֻǴ߶ΪķţûǿķţǿΪ
ǿʵķʽǽһΪ˳ɣķΪ
ӣͼӰףûǿľûоϸ΢Ҳ롣
Խ󣬶ԾҪԽϿĽԺģ⣬Լֻƣʣ
ǰ˾йվ죬ֻҪٺݺıչһ꣬ɰơ
Ƶƣƣ̫ѣƱƸѣҪľ
ƲͬھЧѣʹУҲ

ĽûȥɽȣֱնȥģᣬȨûȥ֪ڻƵĲ
֮û֪Ŵ񣬺ƻգˮɣڼá
ǰѻķ뽣УָУԺﲻͣģ⣬Ѿеɹ
峿ڵ¥Ȼһһӣ˾¥صǶͷһСԺһʧ
Ԩﶼڣ°ţųء
Ľһ֣Ů
ĽϥŮ棬Цʦʲôˣ
ҡͷˣ
Ľӽɣ
šµͷľӽɵĵӹˣ·ϱɱˡ
Ľ˭µ֣
ȭڣ»
Ľüôĵӣ
Ըǣˣ޶֤
Ľʣˣ
ˡӽǱѾǡ
ĽҡҡͷȲˣ
Ҫǽ֡
Ľ£ʦô룿
Ѳɰȥûĵ
Ľȥӽɵ̸̸ɣ
ȥʲôü̫޼ɵȥ˻ֱӴ


63 
ĽЦʦҲ
ͷӽʢˣ̵ס
ĽԵһζɣҪӲģʰһ٣ʦٳ滺͡
ӽɿɲȭڣµ
ĽЦһԿɡ
ԻԽԽܹ뽣ָʵӽԡ
ģ²̫ġ
ĽЦеĵʦǹ֣
Ǻã͹֡
ҲûֱӰڿ˼ʽ԰νʣվһԣˡ
һĽˣΪǣԽǿԽԼСܹ쵽˵ǿᡣ
˶Ǵл£ȻҪˡ
ţײһֻһ˷ֿԻʡ
ĽЦеĵʦΣ
ºһСӣеˣðɣȥǣֵ̫󣡡
ĽЦʦֵԽԽǼɵ
üһۣӽɿ̫ǳˣǸֶǣҪģһɱ㣡
ĽǵˣɱңǲᶯԨ󡣡
ѽҡͷðɣ㿴Ű죬˴һǣԨκβã
ĽЦʦӢ
Ͻɣȥ°ڰ֡
Ľǣͷʦˡ
һۣתߣҸ˵˵ɣȥǡ
˾ֱ˴ŤͷҪǶ֣
ۼʶӽɵɲ⣬ʦǿȴԲû
Ľи̡
ĽЦʦ㣬ϧˣȥ
аվͺáס

һ·Уܿ˶ǣĽûȥԨеĶˣ롣
˶һСԺĸӣĽϳŵӡ
һæ񣬰ɫ䣬ڰֽԺӣĽֽ롣
СԺʯԣʦܣʱȥǣ
Ľɸȥɡ
ҡͷǲģЩһӴúܡ
ĽǾȥɡ
ʦֱӶ֣
ĽЦܶ־Ͷ֣ʦ¡
ţˡס
Ľһˣʦ㣬ǸǣѣλʦֻȻȥ
Ҳáͷ˵ĸ϶뿪Ƿظ
ʦ㣬䲻ãҡźҲɡһӢæ
üʦܣӽ޼ɵɱˣߣõ飡
ʦ㡭Ӣ껹
ߵҵĻˣ
ӢɨһĽεĵͷǣˣ
Ͻģڰ֡
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ﲻΪȻҡͷȭڵǳ־ˣ˲ˣ
Ľ⾫ܱûǿ
ҡͷûʲô;һˡ
ĽЦһһδĸصԶţ
֪ˣһ۵ȳԷɣȥ
֪ĽҪһȣĸ뿪ԶˣӽɵĻĸס
ٺòĽʱϲ
ĳҲһּߣĽսԨʱջһ㣬Ϊ˺շǣڵĳѾˣԶʤ书Ľ
˳Թ緹Ȼһլǰ
ǰЩľµģڶ
ĽЦЦǾͿǵĵˡ
һʯʨԵ̤ǰһְģݺݵŰ
Ľ鷳ͨһԨ޼Ҫһӽɵˡ
ţһĺһŤͷ˴š
ֳܿǽȥ
ĽüЦЦһ˴ţӭһɺ磬תȥĵС߶ǻԡ
ĽЦһڣľҿϧˡ
ӹšҡͷ
Ժûʲôˣǰվ꣬̾װĽ
ĽӽɵĴ֮𣿡
ȴɢլӣǰǶõʱ߳ˡ
ͷһ꣬ƮƮ㣬һøС
˶ߣۣۣĽҲ
Ľ΢Цȭ
ǺЦ޼ԨشӣŴˣϷ̶
Ľһ£Ц仨̶ҲǾˡ
ɡ̶롣
Ľ̤磬Ľεѹ
ĽȻԵõ£Цеĵľҳģ
̶һû뵽Ľֱף׺ǺһЦҹģ˳һľҡ
Ľͷ˵ʵɱģ
ʦܣɫһ䡣


64 ˽
̶һ漴ʦֶɱģ
ĽͷӽɷҪҲɱĺˣ
ôĿ̶üʦֶϣǻˣʹˣʦֶɣ
ĽҡͷЦЦӽһֱ˰ԵͲӲ
ӽֲ˵̶Ц־ܣǲģһ
Ľ뿴ӽɵʲôôԵ
á̶ײĲᣬʶһ£ͳȫɣ
Ťͷһߣʦ塣
áĻߵͷɨһĽһֵ̤ض˵ְɣ
ĽҲö˵γһָ롪
ߺһһ⵽ؿڣĽϳΪһ׹ײȥ
ཻУַ߳˳ȥ
˵ɴ۾š
Ľʣߣˣ
Ǻüˣҡҡͷ˺صԭλá
ʦ塭̶ü
̾
оĽǿᣬϴޣ赲һʮᣬҽ죬С
̶һߣüҡͷ
Ľɫһ¶˼ЦһϣԣӽԽԽȥˣ
Цдżˣƶ
̶ʦɫ֪˵вͨµҪǲܰС£ӽδ棡
ǺЦȻԨشӣΪǵλǰĴɣ
ΪԼģǰ˽һΪעϣӽɱط
Ľ̹Ȼϣͷ
СԨ󣡡̶оâһ΢ЦǺðɣһ£
˵һĽǰһĳ
ĽһȭءһȭӰޱȡ
̶ʮ㣬һĽǳҲǵùеĵӣһΪ֮
飡̶ĺĲɫǺ졣
Ľһȭûķ̶ΪȴԶﲻĽĵزһ³˿
Ľ΢Цҡͷ̶ɫ죬޲һƱ
ҲĽ
̶һγ
һΪһ㺮ǣĽν̶̳һۣѰ϶ĽӲӲ
ĽԾƶ׾ɣ̶ǡǡ෴һһһһ׾оס
һٶйĽĽ˽⣬ݿ汸ƽ׾١
̶֣˺󼸲ɫࡣ
Ľ΢ЦӽɽǲΪ
ҡҡͷҪһϣ
̶ɫ粻Ǿͽˣʦ壬ʦ壬
ǣ߳ӦһĽΧڵС
ǡЦǹ޳ܵģ
̶ӱЩֶҲ˲ˣ
ߣЦĽæʦ㲻һɣ
Ťͷ̶ǷɱҲɣ
ɱ˳쾭壡̶
ĽҡͷûʣˣĪˣ
̶һһ絽ǰΧһȦĽΪģˡ
̶ɱˡ
飡Ľһȭ
˷ӦĽһȭһˣ˶ʱν̣籩ꡣ
Ľóһ֣סˣ࣬ķ뽣Уҡ
һУ˵ĳ˳ȥĽһתʱӹ
ˣĽһֽ൱ڷǵĽ
ӽԽΪУֽһϣǾ·
Ľɨһˣһ˴ǰֱǣʦ㣬߰ɣ
ӦһԾš
û뵽ĽʤԭΪһҪû뵽ĽԴݿ֮ƴӽ⼸
ӽɼʹǹȻʮ㣬㹻ӦԨˣ˸Ƕ֣ԼһҲмܲס
ĽһƮԺӡ
ʦܣ̶ɱˣ
ĽҡͷЦһΪǷˡ
ҡͷЦ
Ľʦ㣬ǹҲ磬ͼ죬ίȫҲûã˺һǽѵ
һΣˣü
ӽڶԸԨ֮ǰȰʦ£ǴɵϣòʦܾͲԸԨ
ĽǺһЦǵĥʯأ
ʱˣͷҡҡͷ
ĽЦҵ˻ƣ
վóʵǿк֮ǣһƲʲô˶ʹҲһ㡣
ңóĻơ
ƣһȻ˻ƣ
ĽͷЦҵúܡ
ҿһۣʩչṦһ֣ʱƮϣʱ߾Ͳ棬̫ߵ
ΧûʲôˣɿüС˵Ժ򲻿˵֣
ĽЦűһˡ
æͷöԣ
ĽûţҲʧˣպҲû˻𣡡
Ҫ˵ĸ֣
ĽЦʦϸģ
һбѽǲ֪ԣҪ֪ˣٱ밲
Ľͷʦ㣬׵ģ⡣
ؼڣǾƳ֡һǵĳ裬ǧõȥ
Ľ̵û˿ңֻˣҲҵġ
ͺãͷʦ²ͿǷĵģֲ
ĽЦʦҲɡ
æ֣ˡ
ףõƵĹ̾Ľ˵ǰɣһգɶ϶žǻڶʳ
֮׵Ӧöܴˣ
Ľʦ㣬Ŵʦʦǣôǿʵ
㡭Ƿˣ
ĽЦʦ˵ģһĿΪԨشѧ̫
ѽҡͷ̾˿Ĭ˵
ò룬ԼĻ˻ƣóǿʵ
ô˽ԼûţҲûأǸ֣ʦܻ˳ɾ͵Ĺؼ
˺ܿԨ˵Ļ㱨εĵһĽѽǻˣ
ĽͷƻƼɣҲᣬҲ¶ţ
ţܵµͷ޼ɣݹ̫ˣ
ĽЦʦ߯С
ðɡ̾Ҵ̫徭ɣ
Ľæ֣Ůģһ
µŮķϸϸ򣬶棡
Ľһ£ͷǣлʦ


65 ߻
峿ԨĽСԺŰ
ѩޱˣ촽飬һһĽУĽȻţһ
յʱ󣬰Ϻ촽ĽĽЦʦ㣬̫徭
زܴˣﻺͷ
Ľǡ
ʦܣǵԨ洫̫徭ǰõĲȫںúòһɣҾҲ
ĽЦҿɲ
㿴˵ɣӽû
ĽЦҡͷʲôǻ²ԾƶǣʦʦǶʼ˰ɣ
ףţ糿ǰ㣬ȫԼˣǰ㲻ѣغܿɡ
ĽʦҲܷˡ
̾˿ͷǰʦˣʦһֱĵģ˯þ˵ʦʦ书̫Ԩ׹Σա
ĽЦʦˣȫ˵컯Ҳûá
ôȰʦģûáҡͷ
ĽںЩ˰ɣ
ҿöˡҲ˵ǾˣɷħƣǶΪһ־磬㹻ӦΣˡ
ĽЦһ£Ǿڲữƣֻ˵ħƣųԨشѧ
ͷѧ˷ħƣֻҪСӦԣԱ㹻ˡ
ԭĵӾͺԨߵǾӢ·ӣÿӵʶǼõģټϾԨķҲǶһı£ڵĵԲһء
˻ǰ㣬൱ڹΪǣһ¾׷ǣʹܺҲԱ
ʣʦҪչ𣿡
ĽȽԨչذɡ
Ľӽɲݡ
ʦµģᵲء
Ľҡͷɲɡ
Цʦʮأǰ㡣
Ľ̾ʦʦԾôˣ
ʦֲڣһۣ⻰ƨ֮ӣߵʦĲء
Ľӽôס˵ġ
㲻˵ˮôߵ
ĽЦ⵹ҲǣðɣҽԨһӡ
ûư⣬ӦڣӦٶȣֻһֱҪϸĲ꣬ҪĻ
ȥɡ
Ľʦһɣ˳㿴̫徭
ţҲáͷҲħơ

˵ԨһڣΧɭϺԵļžؼֻ
˶ȣ㻷࣬ͷԸ
һϣߣĽᵽϵĵ㣬ʯұ컶ܰȫȻûп֮С
ʱ´д輸УȻشһۣ߱һ˼
ʱڲ֪ţʱתۼĽԾò̤ʵء
ûƱаܹٶȣϧûҵžǻ治ý
Ƕ̫徭һԼǰʧƫģ̫徭ȷʵէŮķϸһ룬ʵҲ÷֮
һ̫ڶһĽҪĻֻҪһĳɾڶ
ǰܺ׵Ŀȥѣȴס羭ɣ͹硣
̫徭ڴˣǰ̫ѣÿһ̫Զ˾ҪûĻֱȥ
ʮ꣬ڵһǻ˭Ҳֲȥ̫徭̫ߣǰǻһᣬӲԣ̫徭ʮ겻֮ѵ˵̫徭ʮڱгɣҪɡ
̫徭ԲҲףҪﵽ֮ңѣѾ书ķĲΡ

ԨĽǰ
Ľʦӽɻû
һϮҡͷĽ޼Ϊˣûױչء
ĽЦЦðɣǵ׵ʲô
ƿӽɵķر𲻹ҹģʵڷ
ҾǱˡЦ
Ľʦ̧̫
ҡͷһ׺ӽ˹˼ɣǰһΪˡ
ĽĲ˳ԡǾģһڸûʲôʰɣ
³һ£ͷм߻ħ
Ľü
ôʡ
ĽüͷʦЩʦʦɽ
ô£³
Ľʦҵʦ㴫ǷħʱʵЩı䡣


66 ڼ
šü
Ľһ۰ҡͷû뵽汻ˣ
ʲô˵ûĵ
ʦʦܴķʱ˵ڿڼ飬Ҫһķ
֣ºߵķģ
ҵҲô˵ͷƫƫҧˣһڼ飬Һܲ
µһĽ޼ɣҲ룡СһǴСԨܳ⣿̫ˣ
ĽЦʦС֮ĶȾ֮ɣ
ߣ֪ͺã²ɫ
̫ðգϷϹķÿһֶǰǻһֶ׸ı䣬ܷɡ
ãֱӸķٴǣһʲô⣬ԨҪͣСʵ̫󵨣
ԽԽĵĽ
Ľæʦİɣзִģ
ߣͲСħƵķҲҸģ
ĽʦѾûģֻҪԨķû⣬ûԨķҪħƣǺǣǾˣ
ô£ü
ĽҰеһԨķ滻ûķģħƱ߻ħ
ѽҡͷӵΪʲô¶ɵóŤͷҲ֣
ߵʦҲڼ飬˶ģʦܣʦģû뵽ӽж߻ħ
µʮɡ
üͷĽĽ̾ҪһȷôĻ
ӽǴǧĴˣķʹ߻ħҲһôࡣ
᲻ɺϣµ
Ľʦмλʦֻʦɽģ
²Ըĵ޼ɣ˵ڼΪʱ磬ԩǣ
Ľͷʦλʦֹɡ
ǹϵ۾޼ɣ
ĽЦʦҪŨĻ缷ȥ
޼ɣܶ϶˭ڼ飿ºһѲܶģ
ĽʦҲܶģʦͲ󣬳Ǹ̫ֻҪһ¶ţ
°ڰ֣¹ˣ
ĽҡͷεĵͷҾͲٹˣʦҿˣ
ѽʵŰɣûĵһۡ
ʦܣڵ˷ħƣȥˣ
ĽЦֻҪ˷ħƣαȥڣ
⵹Ҳǡµ㻹Ǻúɣӽɾưոݣʹʱ򣡡
Ҿ͵ĽЦ

ڶʱ֣ĽСԺٰףһ죬ƮƮˡ
һϮѩ࣬һˡ
ٰ֪ȤĸǣĽСԺԶȥ
ٰײʦ㣬̫˰ɣ
ɵһۣСʯӣС·ϱߵȥǱһ䳡
ôɵٰ׺ߵʦܲǵģ
ѽƲƲ죬Ρ
ٰײĵô
ûƳʦʦ𣿡
Ƴʲôٰʡ
ڰСֺߵ
ʦ㣬˵ٰ׻Ȼ򣬵ɴ۾
ߵûң
ٰһĶͷٺЦһ汿
ܳɣ
Ǵѽٰ׵ʦһ˲ãʦ㶨øġ
ͷȻඡ
ҿʦɫãʲôˣٰʡ
ҡͷӽɣʦк飿
ߣӽҲûʲô˵ģٰײмĵ
һۣ˵󻰣ӽɿɲǣεСģӱɽ
ţҿﶼ֪Ȥɽءٰ׵

Ľ£Цʦ㣬ôˣ
Ӯˣ޺ʯϡ
ĽЦʦҳڼˣ
šﻺͷ̾ʦġ
˭Ľʡ
ʦܡ
Ľü룺׳ʦ֣
벻ɣҡͷʦҲû뵽һֱԳʦֺܺõģû뵽
ĽüӽɵˣǱвˣ
ӽɵˡ̾ʦʦ·߼񵽵ģʱֻа꣬Ҫˣʦɽĸһֱϧȴ롭
Ľ̾˿ӽɺֶΣ
Ȼӽµ飬Բ֣޷죬ԶҪһ֣׿һֱᱩ¶
޺޵һӽɣ
Ľʦôõĳʦ֣
ô죿εҡͷʦֽԨڣ
ĽͷҲá


67 
Ľ֪¿䣬ʵĺԼ¾Լʹɱ֡
һĹεĶҿֱɱˣ
ĽʦģϾʦִСʦߡ
ɺޣ˻𣿣
ĽЦЦ߰ѾˣһͰɣ
ӽճһϵĶӡ
Ľҡͷ̾˿ӽɡ
ܿ°ɣ
ĽͷǰΪһɳϣԼ͵ıԵף£
̾ǲǺˣ
ʲôĽЦҲô򣬶֪ǵĿ£ҪݺݵĴ򣡡
Ǿúˣҡҡͷ
Ľʲôʱǿʵ˵ʵ㣬ٴҲûã˷ħƣǲ壡
Ը˰ɡü
һֱǿ¶һ棬ΨĽǰŻ˵Ļ
ĽЦʦ㣬̽̽ʵ
һ㹻Ǳˣҡͷͬðա
Ľһʱһʱ˷ħƣһ£ȥǣ
ʹʦɣ
ĽʦʦǶûȥɣ
ʱҳȥҡͷ
ĽܲһֱűҸһǺݵģɵ
ҡͷأʡʡɣ
ʦ߯СĽЦ
ʦͬ⡣
ĽôȥҲǰ취ôȥԨĳЦ
һ£ε̾
ȷʵãȭڣӽɣûûˣԨԸ˵ġ
ȭڷţѾԨϾʧûٱӽôһ֣ԨҪˡ
Ľֱȥ¡
ûȥԼСԺһ˾ţһ
ĽȥͷҲأûĽ
̾˿Ľ¶ʯϣ
µһۣʲô
Ľʦɽһˡ
ʱʲôɽûĵ
ĽЦʦûõء
ģºһɽʲô
Ľȥһ˶ǣһӽɵˣ
Ҫǣü˰ɣ
ʦǻݣĽʡ
룬ҡҡͷ
ӽɳôһƿ̣һҪġ
ĽǶ֣Ϊǿ
ôüʡ
Ľʦ֣Ѷǵļһȶˣ
ûʲôáҡͷ˲Ǹ
ĽЦЦһȱţٺúʰǣһʰһܱȵˣкã
ţ⵹Ҳǡס
ؼڶĽģƲѧ޼Աࡣ
ĽЦʦʵС²ʦԶ֣һ˾Ͱˣ
㡪ͷðɣȥɣмСģΪ޵ˣߣӽҲûô򵥣С
ʦģĽϲû뵽ô˵״Ӧ
±Ȱı⣬СԺҲˣֱɽܿ쵽˶ǡ
ڣľլĽֱӽȥʮ书ʮľҵĸ֣ʮӽɵĸ֡
ȣͬΪӳӽʮǶ֣˴ǰӦܳʹʤҲԸʰǡ
书ﳤȥȴǴ˶ǣ֮һӽɸǣʮĽϳְ֣ʮַˡ
ʮֱֹĽˡ
ˣһʤһĽ⣬ÿһʤԨӣӽɵʵȷʵ¡
һ˽ʮӽɵĶ֣Ȼ󲨣Ľĵ֡
Ľڶһҿջ֮۹ľңһǳ֣Ľų֡
վľҴĽϢ֣򶨣ЦЦĿ
˶꣬ŮϢһ¶񲻻书ġ
Ľ°ݣ˵ϢƮĪ⣬ʱʱǿܹŹ֣湦
޼ɣһԨ޼ɣ
Ľͷλʲôˣ
ӽشӡȻߵ˵Ҳشӣ
ĽüͷǶǣ
ӽɲԨ󣡡ߵشϰ٣
ĽǺЦҡҡͷţɣӽشӲʮ˶ѣ
ʰûҪʦڣһشʮӽɵܣ޼֪
Ťͷߵ֣
Ľ˵ٿĻΪӹĽĽһʧԭأڴ⣬ͷֱۣӶӣнңҪʶķӦ첲Ѿˡ


68 
զྪ̾ÿٶȣǶˣ˱ǰ˶£Ϊ
ֲӽɽᣬȷʵʵΪѡ
Ʈ׷ĽνӭȥʱһͷĿꡣ
ҲνһƬҲνܼ
ĽԽʵʣӽԽԽ죬·ǧֹƽĴˡ
˻ӽ񹥣߾ȫ¾첻ѣûôĽһ˵˾ȻռϷ硣
ǿǻڷ飬һ꣬ʹΪĹעܵˣ
ֻ˵츳Ϊע޺ܶ࣬עˮӴСճɾͣһ˵ĳޡ
ʮ˶츳֮ˣԲųΪشӣǰ޼ɸǾˣԶʤԼʮˡ
ĽͨԦ֮һϵ򻯻裬ж֮ࡣ
˵Ľֿ죬һʩչʤһƵֳƽʱ
಻ͣĽƮƮ̤첽ж֮
˿񹥲ֹɫԽ紵ʯͷƴĻӽȴĽ⣬󣬻Ҫˡ
ǲаԽʢҪҧ
ĽȻһʧԭأǽ£һû뵽ôܳȥæ˹ȥ
Ľһ˹⻯Ϊһ׺磬ֱˡ
Ľ֡
ĽһУһأŷɵ
˦ֵҧŻ𣬺޲ó
Ľ˫֣΢΢һЦ
Цһ֣ϣ
˳ΧסĽң䵽һƵġ
ĽʢӿȣĽ˫ӶڶĴ߶ķͬ˴˽ɡ
ǰѧ˫赵ĽʩչһζǰѧĽ쳣ѷһĽ
˫֮£˴˵ǿ壬֧סǵĲ
ĽĽԽԽɣϴЦ˻ðɣԽʢ
ĽҡͷȻǣһ˳ȥӿǰ
ʦܣʧе
ƵڿӿĽĽʱо塣
Ľ΢Цҡͷɫ䣬൹ȥ֪׶༪٣߻Ϊʢ
֮ǰ֪ԸԨشӣûϣ̫硣
޼ɰӽɵĸִûͷʮˣû⣬ԨشҲشӣԨشܱȵӽشӣ
ǾӽشӱȲԨشӣԨ֮ˡ
ĽǰһֱȡƣǾǿѿеĹͷûϣʮ
ֱǴƶ䵽ȵأ޴ķǳ裬ŭʹޣûڣΪҵӿ
ĽⱩǣٴӹһĺӹûһɱ
껺ˣʦܣھȿ꣬״һǰһסһĨߣ֪ûˣʦܾ㣬ûʲôѪֱӹԴ˲
̧ͷ˫ͿһѪĺĽ໡һֽУ˲嵽Ľǰ
Ľ࣬ȴס꣬һȦǹ롣
Ľüһʧڼ֮󣬡飡ƹͣһȭǽϡ
鲼ǽڣ󡰻һ죬ǽڸŵ
Ľһһ󣬽һƬǿʼأٹ
ͣһХһĨĽɳȥڿлӽһնһʸء
һü԰׵߻Ӷϱڴڳ˫ΣĽɽ˴תһȭƺǽ˳ȥ
һѪʩչṦɿʧ
ϣ˱ȭɫѿ
ɨһˣֿϵˣҡҡͷҲһ̫
ָԭ״һˣ
ûˣָָϡ
ҧͷһ
Ҫģϻͷ׷ɣ
ϣһòˣһ˲ãǻǸϽģ
ͷƽһɱ
ţͷϳլӣĽ׷ȥ
Ľһ߼һҡͷ;аؿڵļ˳ҡͷͷļˣûһףǹŹ֡
Ľǰڵĳ϶ѳйŹ֣ƾԼֱϲܰ㡣
ֱҲ޵Убɱεʱ򣬲̫⣬һĶãһֱûɾ裬Ա˿ӡ
жٶ֣ûŷ˿ڵѪѪʺŷסȻżǽ˶ߵɽ


69 ɱ
ڵĹйŹ֣֧ҲйŹ֣֧ͨԷҹ
ƮƮȴ磬ת۹򴩹һƬɽһɽУ˿ʯסڡ
صһôһϢΧΪһ壬ģѷֱ˴ˡ
Լһյʱ䣬Ӱһ
ĽüյʱһûжýѶԸ
һӹǰɽǰ֮һֱǣĵĵȴ
յͷʤ£Ըʦʦǣʧ֮һҪȥġ
վڶƬ̣˰ϵ󣬽ŶڣŽ䱸ʮ㡣
üûˡ
ûˣæϣѵˣ
šϵͷСӺܾСģܷ˹Ź֣üǣ
ø黬Сӣ˺޺޶š
ϵ򿪿ɣ˵档
᲻ʡ
ϵͷСΪϣûϵֻҪڣմѪҵ
ã˴ӦһǰھʯϣҡΣȻ˳첱Ӵ֡
Ľʯͷû̫Ѿ˹ɱϾȫãúܳ
ʯͷῪСĵʯǳʮԶСߵͷǶʯϵĺڼ
СĴһΧ˹ͺͺʯڣʯһСӲݣزסˡ
ҿ󣬿ǰü
飡һ죬һϼͱըֽһ
ʦ֣Ҫɣæʡ
ˣƺһͷ֣ѪܵģֿɢķĩɫҪˮ
ʦ֣һŮͳƿùĨһ࣬Ѫֱֹסˣһֶˡ

ôˣʡ
ŤͷɽҡͷС߯黬Űһͱ
Ͽ֣ҡҡͷˣ
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Ʈϣһ
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˨һȻŽһ꼲˵Ժڵʱ¹üڡ
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ڵնεģѾȥز̫ãնε㵽ԼλãᣬҲҪȥġ


70 ɽ
ĽһȾʮ죬ûӽ
ʱ֣ϦбգһϼڶǴϣֶУһ߳˼
ԷѶӽɵõˣмһ⣬ӥδնεĲ
Ļ̌ͷϼҡͷ̾Ϣһܣնεȷʵ㣬㵽ԼԱܶ
㣬նε˲ãһܱ鵷Ѱ϶ץס㡣
浽زǾ̫ѶԸˣԼϰ˴ԲҲˡ
նεʹδû͡
¶飬Խʹʱ֮ڹľҴլû˽
ʦܣĽŤͷһȺʮվŰѩ촽ˣӲ١
ʦ㣿Ľһڰǰô
΢Цʦģҹ
˿˱ǣĽһ΢Цʦˣȥɣ
ʣŵطˣ
ĽͷЦһСԺ߰ɣ
˿Ȼٶȴ죬ܿ쵽ϱһСԺĲ£һϲˡ
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Ľͷʦ֪ˣ
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šﶢŪ˼
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һĻţӽɾŹԨ󣬲ݣҲĽġ
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Ľһ漴ЦŶ֣նҲǣ
š̾˿ʦ˵ӽһЩ֣ǻ˰꣬һɽʦǵסġ
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Ľһڲˣ
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ĽЦҲǸһУȭڵ³ǲ֪
ѹͳɡ
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ʦǳɹ׵ģǻڵӡ
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Ľҡͷʦ
ʦ治ᡣҡͷʦҲǻѽʦҪȥŵġ
ĽʦҪһȥɣ
šͷ
ĽðȥҲã
㲻ԣͷЦЦ
ĽЦʦΪһܾ
ĸݲûڱӻ
Ľҡͷ̾˿ҲһˣʦʦأԼԺ֣
ôͺãɿ׷ʦʶ岻ܾʡԼࡣ
ʲôʱߣĽʡ
ԽԽã
ĽͷǺðɣǽͳлڣڲ֣
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Ľ̾˿ʦ̫˰ɣƾһţھҪ˶Ըڣʦÿ𣿡
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Ľҡͷѣ̾ˣȥ԰ɣ
ʦķλءֻҪһܳɣ
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71 
֮İʱ֣ĽվһΡɽ£ͷɽסˡ
ǻڣĽ΢۾̧ͷ
̾˿ͷš
Ľ˸˼Цʦ
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һۣЩͷİɣæģʦܣ£
ĽҡͷЦԼǹҡ
ҪǻܰæĻԼû˺֮ǣʹĶԸӽɵˡ
ԨԼİѱӽɲضԸԼֻҪоʰԨԼֻܱ
˵ȻƮˣ°׳ʱ档
Ľ̾ƤңòӢ߸һЩұߵİʸʵı
ʦãȻȭǰþòʦã
ﱧȭͷʦ֣ʦ֣
λǡĽ˫۾ĿҪ䴩Ľอ
Ľ΢Цȭ޼ɣλ
޼ɡ˶һۣȻĽ
Ľ΢ЦȻԼȴû˵ʦ֣ʦ𣿡
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ĽҲüͷȴǿЩ
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Ľüˡ
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ǰ·ٶȼ죬ƮƵϣһ˷嶥
Ǹ·ĹУ֪Ũķ羰ɼ
嶥һƬĽɽӳ·ɽΪһ壬˿ûͻأ֮С
Ľ̾Ǵɵĵ̣㹻ʱ䣬ЩµĲɣΧһ
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ϣﱧȭ˵Сͤ
ĽȭϣΪ࣬΢ЦſŰǺЦѵ
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ĽЩĪȴ治ɫȭ΢ЦϹһҳݡ
ЦɲӽɲƲ书Ҳ¶˰ɣ
Ľεĵͷͱһѣ
ˣйϸ𣬹ϵ򵥣˼ио
ϵǰһѣ
Цû뵽ǻôС
ҲԹǡҡͷ̾һͷھŹᣡ
ô˵ˣб
׺ӣε̾ˡ
ڴģü
ϵͷջƵĺ
Ľ֪˵죬˵书ºУû֡
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72 ˽
ߵǱ˵ӣûã
ϿҡҡͷûջƵĳ֣ǵȵȰɡ
ȵʲôʱ򣿡Ц˶ס
ȱȥˣ
΢۾Ľ֪ŭˣæǰǰʦġ
⹫Ц
ĽȻһŤͷ
ĽȻ򣬵ͷֲأʦ㣬ȻˣһӰɣ
ŤͷϣЦʦŹ˰ɣ
øСһҡͷʧЦ
û뵽Ľܲµһ㣬˼֮ϸܾˣԼǲ²һġ
ʦüĽ
Ľʦ㣬Ȼʦ⣬ʦҪӽһӲţ
ߣһʦĿģԼ⣬ȰԼɵȻǰдŸ⸸סԼ
ָжŭʦֶ߯ˣ
Ľʦ㣬һӽΪ˴ǣһȶԸʦģ
Σ
ĽҡͷʦҲӽɵĸ֣ѷס
ԼпʦȴɣṦûûףֱûô
ʹû˲Ƶı£ҲӲӽзӿǶγйء
Цôûã
Ľ΢ЦʦǽĶһЩ
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æǾǣԨδһ⣬ԨҪ˥ˣ
ҡͷûôУûʲôġ
Ҫǵ˴лĻʧԼûôУʹҲûʲôʦء
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ⲻ书šЦҲûΥڹ棬ȥ˵
˭ţŤͷɨһʡ
ϵǰģãŵţǽֻһЩĵᡣ
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ϵԨʮУԨǰǻڵĽ
ߣҡͷ
Ľ΢ЦѵԨǰ뻪ԨԴ
šϵͷԨĶǰҲǷޣϧշĿɳ𡣡
Ľ֪ԨĴʦţüëЦʦһ
ֵòֻǲûҡҡͷʵᣬǴһӡ
ûʤĽЦ
ϵȷʵţйĿ֮ܣԹˣǰ˴УԨʮϧǰҲǽŮһֱѹŶʡ
Ľҡͷ̾˿Ůһֱѹȷʵʲôˬ¡
ŤͷҡͷȻ˽Щڶʦʦһֱ͸أûЩ
ĽЦǾͶлˣ
λǰĵᣬĽ˵ʤ书ţпɿԨʮľ衣
ϵǲɽһӣúÿԨʮ棡
ߵˣ
ĽεЦЦϷİɣǻС
ǾͰСˣε̾
Ľͷȭ뿪СԺ


73 
˾ֱ˻ڣɽʱĽŤͷһۣҡͷ̾˿
ʧɣߵ
ǰŻԮ֣ʵһǶ⡣
Ľҡҡͷʦ֪£˭ǵһ֣
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ûµһĽ
ֲû˵ֻţûʲô֣ԭǸ̫޷
ֱӻȥ
ȥɡĽͷ
һ·ߣ;ЪϢʱĽó˽ȷʵ书ţһЩѧ򣬺ɢ
Ľһ·̾ѡ
￴ֱüһͷˮ˽дúңɲ꣬Ī
ԽԶĽĽڲ׺ɵ;ĵ̣˼ά볣˲ͬḻֲԽԽĽԽҲԶһ˿ɱȡ
ԺˣĽ֮򣬱дһô
˸·ԽԽˣĽһ·ϲ򽣵˽⣬ʱͷϣͣ붨л𻨳ֵȼ
ͣͣԽԽʼʱһһʮﶼ߲ϣߡ
˽ԽԽңʱֻƬпգ￴ĪĽȴã
ԽԽ̾ѣ⽣˽ߵˣݺᣬϧ֪˭
ڲ¶ţ˲żüãһλϧ˺ʼԽԽң͸ż
Ľʱҡͷ̾ϢּԽɢˣ͸ּƲˡ
̾Ϣһҡҡͷźϧĸоص
ݺշˣʵӢţ˶

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áͷתߣСԺҪֱȥϺȡ
ĽվС⣬֮ۿԶˣ̤СһСͷĿ⡣
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Ľӭ´Ľˣµߡ
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Ľ֪ϳԼЦЦյһڣҪʲô¡
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Ϊ׵Բģȴׯأ俴Ԩ޼ɣ
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ĽЦһϳ齣һĨ⻮
Уʮᡭͬʱأһѡ
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ĸƮݣĽǰĽüͷ񣬲ѷԼϧԼлƣǡ
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ǷӦĽѾȥ̤ŶزԨ
ԨһƬûĽֱӽ˴ڵڣһ
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´ҡͷѽҪһǲǣ
ĽЦԿʵڲܻ
ˣɡҡͷĽһֱӽԣȴûʲôú棬˵ܴ


74 
ĽʦϺõȡһЩ
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ĽЦ֮ͨԿ
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Ľͷͨһɣڵķ󲻴һҲ֪ΣԿɡ
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ĽֺǺǵİ񶼰ԼңȻſһӣдűչ֣ʼרƷ
֮Ũܴ󣬵Խ¼ԽѣԽÿһֶ
˻ƺ󣬿ʼĥ¾Խǿվ񣬻ĥ¾á
ľԽǿᣬԦӦ֣ԭҪһʱ̵ķֻʱ
оʱվľãƣʱվľָֻܻ
չأѾ֮һٶ̺ãѣһ˸òˡ
һأ϶ҹɫֱȥҵ£´Ԩ
°쵽ԨһɽȻ뿪ˣԼһߣȥ֮һɽͨߣһ·б£ɽ޹⣬Īľ־塣
ĽǿᣬܻӰ죬Լ߳·ȻǰǰһƬ⡣
ĽЦŶļ٣һ³ˮ޴ˮ棬һˮ̶
Ľ֮۹ƣһɽȣλԨϱߣӳѷ֣ʵһĺõط
ˮ̶һѣˮɢȻѻָ
һ¸ʣתԣΧһкһɴʶء
ȣƮƮ֣һһ֣ܿ쵽Ԩ󸽽ȻϢһһ
һһ˿ӽɵİΧȻһϷ󷨣νǬ
Ϸ֮תı䣬ϸ΢Ϣ޷ɲ졣
һ˿ɣ·˿һƮ
ԽԽŨӽ˿ʼʱûע⣬ҹ̫ŨΧ¹ղʹʮҲ
ôŨͲˣǶʱΣΧôӦ
ʱǶмæӽ˿ΪУ֪Ҳóٶˡ
Ϊָ֣ٶ񣬴ʱٳٶۣصû书֮ǰ״̬
һ߻ӽȴҶºˣͽ͵ĺһεý̽·
ĽٿϢĿǣÿһȥҪϵһ˵ĵ
شǵ٣Ϣ֮ӦʱĽĽѾˣңЩֺ޻֮ܿ챻Ľոɾ
ĽƮȻ뿪ЩΪĩһûټһյʱѡ
Ǭһ󷨣άʱݣʦ벼ôһҪķһ˿񣬶һ˿һ£һˣһҲδɣܿ¡
Ҵֻٵڻ磬ûʲôɱһûȥ󷨡
ѧʱҲû뵽һõ


75 
ʧϺɳһƬ˷Ľɨһˣ˿û֮⣬ֱ뿪ˡ
磬ʱֵӽɣʱԼҪ˲ͨɱﵡ
ӽ֮£ʼ󷨣һ˿һһ£֮۹Ʒλ°빦ܿ첼֮󣬵һϣȻϥ˹󷨡
֮תΪһ˿˿Χ۰ιŻΪ
ԽԽŨ˺ⶼɼŨһ㣬ȫһƬ֡
Ӹ߿ȥӽɱؾ·ȫ֣ռȥؾһƬŨ
Ľ¶΢ЦǬߵǰǬƲ࣬ȴȻͬ
ǬŨס˵٣Ǭߵ˵٣һ̼ЧһҪʱ䣬ʱԽԽǿĽ֮
Ľ֮⻹֮ӽɷԨҲҪӽɡ
ӽɵһ̤Уûôףȫ˼
ӣǬߵ󽥽ʮӽɵĵУĽ书
ǲݣֱɱѾ⿪ǲɱ
ºӽɲɵӳˣĽȴ֪ǻӽɾֻһ·ɽԨһֱк·Щǧ֮õĴɣûк·
Ľһֱʮ˺ƽˣǻɽ
Ԩɽǰӽɵӣ徻úܣĵͷ̧ͷ̫ЦƮԨڡ
ͣĨһ⣬ԽӨ
޼ɣȥˣæָָ֣档
Ľ£Цʦ徻˰ɣ
ѽҡͷҲݵģܽɵúã޼ˣ
Ľ˼ЦЦû뵽ʦֱӿޣΪҪѵԼ̫죬̫ء
һۣʦٿ佱ɣƮˣ
޼һ˴󹦣°Цô˵ݣҪ޼ɣûˣ
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ƫƫڹؼʱ򲻶ãַ֧󳷣ӽɹȻǿ󣬸µڡ
ʦܴӽˮˮڵˣ֪
ڴӽԽݣڱԽ
ʦ㣬ôˣĽʡ
һۣҳʲôǿ
ĽЩĪɻĵӡ
ķңڣЦٴ󣬻ܵסڣϽԨ
Ľҡͷ治ˣٶԨ٣
µ޼ɣҪǿðգһͷܻӽԨûκ㣡
ĽЦʦ׵ġ
ǵءҡͷЦЦһָﳤ󣬶˼ײ
ĽҲҪģӦӽɵԪˣ
ߣؼڣûЦǰӽɱ
ôĻ󱳣̾鵽һѾû·ƴƴ£δڣ
ʦ˵󻰣Ťͷɹʲôƴ
СѾͷЦҷʲôƢ
һ£Щ˼̾ʦڲ̫Զˣ
Ц޼ǣ
ʦֲɣεĵҲֻһˣڶһʦֻķݶ
Ľʦ㣬־Լ
ߣΪܴùڵĸ֣һǰۣûĺߵ㻹Զţ
ĽҡͷЦЦûĵΪŻ㣬ڸƣҾڶ࣬㼴ʹùһҲ򲻹һȺ
ţ⵹١ף˶࣬ӽܱȵģ޼㲻ҪӲƴ
ĽʦδػĲ֡
ҡͷӽδԪɻû侮ʯһҪֵġ
Ľüû취ֻܵһˣ
ʦ
µ޼ɣӽһλ̥ڽȴѷ˲ֹһ
ĽЦǸҪˣ
飡һȻ𣬵ƺڻζ
Ľüȥʦʦȵȵȣ
Ů˵ֱһ˴˸Ԩ⣬ͣڱؾ֮·һСǰ
һֳָֽǰ̣գȴǡ顱һ졣
µĴԨλá


76 ڽ
ĽüΪ񣬸ؼܿ׼ԨĹؼܹԽ
㽣֮Ľо󷨣ۣ֮
ûֻǵһһĴգŻɽ
뿴ȵһֻԨѧ֪ܲһֶһʤ㡣
һʧԭأڴ⣬Ѿ˵⣬Ҫȥ
޼ɣô£üʡ
ε𶯲ʱĴ¸ܵĪüж˹
ĽʳָֻһǸ֣
ôĵӣһҪԨ󣿣üѣȥ
Ľæһ첲ʦ
ͣĽЦµӷͣҴΪ򷢾ǣʦضˡ
ѵôڿ죡¶Цݣ
Ľ˼ԼȥˣȻļһͬСɣҲѹ֣ܰѷŪһˡ
ĽͷǾУȫԸĶԸ
ߣǲ˵׸
Ľ˼ЦЦȴûŮݵ˵֪书˲ˣôһ˵ˣ
ĽЦʦʦ㣬ҴǺúýѵˣʦʦ㲻ö֣
ðɺðɣϽģûĵѽСĵĥˣѷˣ
ĽЦҡͷôƣ
ҪôƿҲᴫǧˣӲĻϰ֡
׷ǽʱƾǿʱԽԽӲĻʹҲ
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ĽҡͷǸ֣뿴һٶ֡
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Ľûͷûգͷһڵİ
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Ľüͷһ£ͷȻڵĸ֣ڻҪˡ
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ĽЦ˵ӰڹȻ˲أˣ
ŮС֣ڵ̶ֳ֪Сҿƪ˽֪Ĵڵ
ĽԨҲ˽ǰţ뻪ڵĲ࣬뻪ڲ࣬ʤһɼڵĿ¡
ǲʼãҹ㣬ȳ˸߳һһЩ湦ܹǿΪ
һƽ˾Ͳһˣ书֮ǿʤǰͬ٭
ʦܣСģһ£˵仰ʱĽѾӰӡ
򣺡ģġ
ֻҧź촽һԲ
ĽƮЦЦ¿ڵӣ
껺תʣ´ĽԨ޼ɣ
ǡĽͷ
ãһһ䵽Ľǰ
ĽһߣܿһȻһԼƿսƣƺƿռ
νཻһ˲䣬ͽ˽ٴΣ籩¡
ٴηֿ
ĽͷһСλãλһӣֻƤһ˵Ƿ书
̧ͷ꣬ҲüͷԼؿڣĿλһСԲһƿࡣ
ҲȻԾû뵽ԼĿ콣ܵס˿콣ǰδҽϵۺˡ
С;Ϊ֪ʲôԶͬӿɼԼˣҪдһͬӣû
ĽصĶ꣬˵Ľ̫죬ʧ֮ǣݲһ⡣
ý국ͷֵزѵãԨĽ
Ľ΢ЦԵһƤëͽ̣
ߵԨʮСزѾǼ£ûʲôˣ
ĽŶδذɣ
֪ԼһƤëԽǲԽð˵⡣
ߵԨʮ̥ڻڵĻ˽˽ҵвסǵĽο
˵ҡҡͷ벻Ԩѣ
ĽЦЦܽ⣿
һ⡣ʳָ΢ЦԨ󣬼ڣԨӽɵĶԹһʹ


77 Ȱ˵
Ľһü
΢ЦЦɰٴ˴ӢţʳڣԨҲһˣɸΪһ׮
Ľüҡͷ
ЦˮʹߴߣԨشӣԨˮݲƾԨѧٽһڣľѧ¶֮У;
Ľüҡͷ˵̫ˡ
ǰѾ˼ڣøķ޷꣬ſɽʧܷˡ
û뵽ʱھȻţҪǿԼȥ֮Īڴˡ
΢Ц޼ɣҲ˵ȥһ°ɣ߻ɸΪ񲯳Ϊһˣߴ󶯸ɸֵ꣬üɹѪɺӣȫһ֮䣡
Ľü
ʵǣ˵ֵסڣˣѵԨӲٳȥˣ
ҪԨͶڣֲԸ
ĿճĽӣŹκһϸ΢ı仯ϧĽƽһ˿
ֵ޼ɣźܶӶΣѧãСʱ˽ӣѧʶȻѧһֱһֱ˽ӣ
޼ɣ֡
ĽŤͷʦ
걧ȭ΢ЦΥˣ
ü𣬳ߵڵƵǣݹ٣
΢Ц˵ڵش˲ãԹ
ߣΣƲƲǡ
΢Цͷ鴫øɣ
Σü
Цڹ̫ţڰɣҲ֪ǵΣ
ȻŤͷĽ
ЦȰúȰȰɣ
˵ձȭ΢ЦͷתƮȻȥתۼʧӰ١
´ʧʱ¶ЦݣŤͷ޼ɣϵ𣿡
ĽҡͷǸû˵ڸô𣿡
أҡͷµɲˣʤΣ
Ľλãüû˰ɣ
Ľһ
ǲһѿλãأϲˣѵã޼ô룿
Ľüҡҡͷϣ
᲻뿪Ԩ󣬲ܽڣҲܣⱻвȽȥѧ
Ԩѧ˽⣬£ԨѧԨʮԨʮׯҪ㹻ܲȫ
Ԩʮ̥ڻڣѹһͷѧ
תԨߣĽһһߣĬȻⲽһ仰û˵֪ȤĲ˵
˴ǰ̤ϵһ̨ʱºȻͣŤͷĽ޼ɣֻһ·ǲǣ
Ľ̾ô죿
ҡҡͷعˣ
ߵõǵʱǵͷڹ꣬ʲô˵ǿס
ºһۣͷڹʲô̫š
ʦ֧ʦܽڣ
Ľ̾ʦ㣬ûô򵥵ġ
»ͷ޼ɣҾˣڣ
ĽܻɸΪ񲯣ôӽɽ
ҡͷǺαظӽɽֻҪ˵һӽɾ͵ùԹԵңҲһ
ĽҡͷЦҿɷ˲ˡ
µҹƲĻǻһӽȥһڵӣ㹻ֲˣ
һǰͲأ
ڵֻ֮Ҫ⣬պ󶼻Ǿĸ֣˾ŵֵٸ֡
ĽǱûϵ
ʦܸˡ¶Цݣҡҡͷ̤ָָʾĽ¡
޼ɣתǱšܽڣǺô
Ľɣǡ
µԨѧѧˣûʲôѧģֻл⣬˵ʵǱڲԶƾԣڻܿ죬ܺʱĳ䣬˵ڵӣҲǱӻû˸С
Ľü
¿ԲɿڣȾøˣЩŭ壬ߵԨϾɥ˴ָӽɽսǻ侮ʯҪǽھͲһˣ
Ľ̾ʦҼʹ뿪Ҳ޼¡
Ҳ뿪ǡҡͷڣúֻҪܹɽˣסҲûϵ
Ľͷ
¿ɶæƾʣﵽɽı׼ѣĹ㹻ˣ


78 
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ңûǰĹϣǰòͬˣϸϸһеǣ̧ͷʦ᲻թǰʦڿڣ׳н
Ц˱Ҳᵣģµôᣡ
ʦµǺεüû˵
³Ƭ̣µڵشӣų֮кһ
֮üѣ
šµͷ֮ҲԴȪΥ
ǹɣﲻš
µ⵹ᣬҪȥ޼ɣûˣֶΣǶ˲źעأ޼εĲ١
ʦܣΣ䵽ϡ
Ľ̾Ϣһðɣҽڣ
¶һ˿Ц⣬ͷͶˣԨļңɽ˾ͻ
ĽЦһᾡɽġ
һбһۣܸ˰ɣ
Ľ΢ЦͷܻɸΪ񲯣ȷʵֵأʦ㣬úɣ̫Զ
ưɣ
ҡͷ˵ͷ⻵Ƣøĸ
˼ۣЦЦӢ̶Ů鳤ôĮҲŮˡ
һĽˡ
ĽЦЦʦȥʦʦǸ𡣡
ȥɡ°ڰ֣µ˵һ
תߣĽһֱĿ뿪
Ц޼ɣһͺ
ĽջĿ⣬̾˿ҡҡͷʦȥˡ
ЦеĵҲ࣬ʤӣһչؿİɡ
Ľе˼ϵԼ˼ûʦæ뿪˴

Ľ˲֮Բģ̹Ȼµü棬뿪Ԩ󣬳ڶȥ
µû࣬ĽҲ˵·ϴʱĬְҹļۣÿֻЪϢһʱʱ䶼Ṧ·
µƮƮƮݣһȾĽҲһƮݣмơ
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Ľͷá
ӽҲһλɽµõֵ̫
Ľ΢Цͷʡģлǰ
µóʦְɣڹֹɱΥڹ棬ţɱ
ĽͷµóΪһʱֵ֮òʰԼǰ;ؼʱԨ󣡡
ĽᵽĿģЦʦַģҲ
µóǣ֪޼㵨죬ڹ飬ݲΥ棬ǧҪѰ·
Ľ΢ЦͷӦٴǰ̤ɽ
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һǧףƶˣͷ¿Ǹƣסɽӡ
ϣ¶ԽԽͣ¶ȺȻֿʼĽʹ壬Ҳܸܵ¶ȵĹ仯
֮ۿˣһٶԶ಻ĽЩ¥ɽ
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Ľ̾ӦòȻγɣǺΰ£γһɽ״ס硣
쵽ˣµٶȶļӿ죬ĽϣһɽȱڴůϢ紺硣
Ľ֮ʹƬɽԼԲһңܿĵطˣСöࡣ
Ľ滮룬һӦþڵĴǰһƬ䳡ϰٵ
µŤͷ΢Ц޼ɣžŲ飬ʡ԰˲һʡһ׻书һˣʸнš
Ľüͷһ¡
µõɱС书ѧ֮Ϊ򣬺򡣡
Ľûأ
ܶࡣµõͷܶյһΪҲˣ˵ûġ
Լ۹⣬һ˭Ҳʡ
áĽͷ
߰ɣҰס£һزŵӣ档µһգһСԺǰ
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µָָͣԺţ޼㽫һ£Ъһϣһ·࣬ٴ书
Ľûʲôģȴ书ɣȻ˯ȡ
㵹ԼµЦЦͷˣ㣬ȥɣ


79 
ϲĽԼֻжѧϲãƣһµ书Ȳ
ܶˣҲƴϧǴϲ书Ϊ˳ͷأΪ
ֹʱǰڻ䳬ͬ٭ȴ谭޷һ
ΨдϲȤ;ʱ޿̲ڲ˼ҹ룬֮á
˽СԺĽһۣƽƽ棬һƬ֣һƬԣмһƽ䳡һСͤͤʯʯΣ򵥶¡
ĽҲûʲôȻһµֱӽСͤӻóһСӡ
Ľӹһƣ󱯽
Ľüͷһ£ֺϤзҵĸоڵѧǷһ·İɣ
ûзţҲûеţֻ书еҵ˼ѿֻûȷĹˣȱһ
ʵΪעصѧ˼룬ԭйټĽ׶Σǲؿʵá
µ޼ɣ󱯽Ƽ򵥣ȴĪСӡ
Ľһߵͷһ߷Сӣûֻ֣ͼһʽÿһʽӡ
ĽȤ̧ͷûķ
һжСµõǴ󱯽ԭģӡһ˿һû䡣
ĽͷѧķհԶһˣ̫ţһףǶ·ӡ
ķؼľƵ׼Ƶ׼ǰСһ޶ͳɣҪҵԼʺϵƣо΢оܹе
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˸ʽ򵥵޻ɣ뻯ΪõļҪôޱȲųɣΪɲ׵¡
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µõȻڰ֣ת뿪ˡ

һ£Ľһֱ󱯽书о飬ԺܣܿҵԼʺϵƣȻһһԭתΪ󱯽ƽͣԲ⡣
תŽϣٶԽ죬һ¹ĽΪһɡ
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Ȼµõ޼ɣ
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ĽһҲ֪ҪѴ󱯽ֵز꣬ѧš
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Ρ룬ԽǿԽоԼСµֱ룬ûû
Ľ֮˴ֻˣһϱ̫ʦϣһԸеŮӱվţ˵
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Ľһߣŷϣòã͸Ÿȣ˫
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Ľȭ޼ɼ
Ǻǣض񡣡ڰ֣ǺЦã޼ɿͨˣ
Сһµ΢Ц
ã˲ţϲɺأ츧ƴЦָԸŮӵҶպһˣúദ
Ľȭ΢Цµݣȴû졣


80 
ҶüЦģʦܣǺúദɣ
Ľüͷһ£΢ЦʦܣҺʦְɣ
Ҷڰ֣Цһ˸һСŮӼƽʲôѽҿǱ磡
ĽŤͷ죺
ǺЦţͣ޼ɴһЩҶίһ°ɣ
ⲻƽҶڲ۱ҿɱ磡
ֻ࣬ܰڰ֣Ц޼ɶʮˣʮ壡
һѱͣʮ˵ģҶŤͷĽƲƲ촽
ĽĿⲻ촽ϣۣӣңɫ΢ۣӨͿ˺ĴʣĽ촽ݺĳ嶯
Цҡͷֻ˵ԼСģû˵ģҶͱһʦô
ԽᣬΪԽ˵ǱԽԽţڵֻаԼͱСģûбġ
ߣҶùɫɫεĵգʦдһʤ˾ʦ֣˾ʦܣΣ
⣡츧΢ЦµЦЦ
ЦĽ޼ɣҲӦս
ߣʦһܵͷڹꣿҶЦ
Ľ΢Цá
ǺãǾȰɣǺЦ˵ˣֻô󱯽ȣ
ãҶҧҧӣһ
Ľ˺Ҷǰһ˸Զ˵һܿ絽
ĽʣӯӯˮζҶৡһ°γָĽʦܣȳаɣ
Ľƽ˳²ˣǰ΢ֱе֣һºӣµöһۡ
һӽ󱯽ԼϳǴ󱯽ĵʽǰʽǴûʽʽ
ϰ˴ͷʼʩչƴķķתҪѭһ·ߣ˴
һɣĽ֮仯µȾȻ
۾Ľˣ뽣ϣôʱ뽣ίʵ򵥡
Ľƽ˳¿Ҷʦãɣ
Ҷȣ֦ߣ뽣һڣ˲䵽Ľǰ硣
ĽѰ϶ҶУĽ죬ʹҲ˲̵Ľǰ
ĽŲæһŶݣûöȴƵҶٴαС
ҶԽԽĽ·ܿ͸ÿһͱƵæңæıС
Ľ²ˣһһ͸ŴݣҶ͸ĪԸУ¡
ͬһ״󱯽ĽʩչҶ磬һһ¡
˽Ҳб仯ԭ󱯽ʽг룬ΪʺԼĽƣûźüЦ
һʱѴ󱯽ز˶ǲɶţջĽʤһ
˿óĽԴ󱯽ָƣҶǧ仯ӲķۣһۿֱУôȥҶᷴˡ
İƣЦְɣ
ҶһԽѸݣ˿ûаֵ˼ʵڲģΪӽһܳĵӣʱܹ
Ľҡͷƶһ䣬һҶ
Ҷֻһͷӻڽֱۣˮưɢһ·飬ղס
һϣĽƮˣʣ΢Цʦãˣ
㡭Ҷҧӣ޺޵
ǺǡźӴЦϲû뵽Ľ˵ã֮ϲ
µţĽ£֪µ۹ߣܱоһҲûĽԣһܰѴ󱯽˵ز
µĵͷ
ҶĽ޲һڰ˺ˣĸûܹĪ衣
ЦҶʦҲûʲôã
ڡҶĽջĿ⣬ǲ󱯽ѽ
ܸоĽÿһץסԼʾԴ󱯽ľһʱôز
ͬʱɽϣͬһڴ󱯽Цʦ㣬ʤɣÿ±һΣֻҪʤˣʦ㣡
лҶЦȭ
Цȱ𼱣һֻ֮ЧһΣҲ
ҶһͣĽͷã
µóֻ׼д裬㵽Ϊֹ׼ˣڹ۴
ǡĽȭ
ҶĽһۣһԼߵʦܣİɣҲɱ㣡
ĽЦЦǾͶлʦˣ
ǲںʦʦõĳƺҶӽɵĵӣֲָͬµġ
ѹҶһͷԨѹӽһͷ˵ıƴԴɣá
ЦеĵʽڵˣãǳȥкɣһЩҲ
ǡµӦһִ˳ȥ

ĽһСԺλڶͷԭСԺһ򣬲֪ǳµù⣬ֻסĽҶھӣڶߣߣԺһǽ֮
Ҷһֱûɫ˵Ҳƺʦ֣Ľץסͽʦãֺ
Ҷûʲô˼һлᣬŹɱԼʦűӽôӣѱûϵ׽ģܸо⣬޲һԼ
Ľһֱ־裬㣬иñȥǸţѷԼֻѧԼ
磬ѧհؼǽȻͬѧ˼˼·ʶԶ
ӮűҲлϽ֮ӣ̼˸Ŭãֻܰ·ߡ
δڵһٶʮĽҶһٶʮ壬봳ʯ֡
Ϊһĵӣʮ̵꣬꣬ǸΪףȴʯ֡
ĽΪ񣬸ʤһ봳ʯ֣Ҫһ꣬һ겻׼
Ϊ赲ЩɵĵӣʯΣգŪûᶪ书ûﵽһ׼׼ȥ
ĽҲ֮ͼݣ뿪ڵѧ缢ƿʡ
ѧʮ֧ÿһ֧һѭ򽥽ѧϵͳһҪһһϣݲȡɡ
ʮ֧ûνǿÿһ֧㣬ݺºе֣ؼ˵ϲʡ
󱯽Ϊʮ֧ѧϵͳᴩʼգ󱯽ķɴ߶ʮ֧ѧκһ书
ЩڵҪѧ֧֧ģԴ󱯽Ϊ󱯽ƽͣҲʧԣķȴʤڲ߻ħɴ߶һѧ
Ľʮ֧ҰģԶԴ󱯽˿๦ǿᣬǿʱԶʤˡ
󱯽Խƴ߶ܶʮ飬ӯܺãȴƣ


81 赶
Ϊǿ壬󱯽ռˣһʱܲסʮʱԾƣѡ
ĽûŽѣչؿͻͽͣЪĿʹʱ飬ԺŴ󱯽
󱯽ȷʵǻΪľѧԽԽѧӣḻ
˼ʹϵֱָ֪֮꣬ʣڵĵӹײԵ书
ʹĮǧ֮⣬Զͬ٭ΪҲӮ𾴣Եء
书ǿԵٺҲӣע书ߵͣѧʱѧϰޡ
չؿһһ´󱯽û书ҰĲҪʮ֧ѧ
ȴ׸Ҫ󱯽ѧ֮Ҵ󱯽ԭΪ̫ûԴ˴󱯽㲻һ㣬ȴҲǴǰ
һµĹΪɣټϰѴ󱯽ʵһ
һ峿죬ȣء
һ£ƾǿľŲڷ񣬻һôһ£ܰԼƷˡ
һȥԷߵ·Ų˶٣üͷ
ӭͷһȺˣӴӵһòԸеŮҶЦеģ£ܻԾһȺ˵˵ЦЦעĿ
ҶŲӯһһ͸ķ飬ĽʱЦһ¡
ȫĶϣ˳ĽҲЦݣĽ
ĽٲǰϹŵЦݣȭû˵ǰͻ
һûŬӽһв׵ΪһٶҲμġ
ҶŤͷۣʳָӣЦһʦܣʦ㲻кô
ĽͣҡҡͷҪҲ硣
ŤЦЦҶʦ÷Խˣϲɺأһ¹ûðɣ
ߣҶҧҧеĳ޲ѣȴȻ΢ЦλʦͦҵģԾʦ֣βƽʦ֣Ϲɽʦ֡
һһָӽܣЦʦ֣޼ඡ
ȻЦһĽģ
޼ʦܣԾ´һĽŴϵСӣЦʦŵģ
ĽȭͷԾӢˣü͸Ųó־
Ծڵ˳ʦۣһˣʦһˣ
Ľ΢Ц󱯽ء
ŶøԾڵͷҲǸмʶģøȷʵҪҪġ
мɣ´ĽʱҲǾӸ¡
ܽڵĵӶâˣһڣȻ緲ӣΪѧڶôʯ֣Ǵʯֵģûʸ˵
ԾڿܴʯˣĽţ۵úܣֲˬҶһԼĵλ
Ľ΢Цͷлʦָ㡣
ԾüĽȻûԼһʦǴͶڣǶͦģҪչʾһ£
Ǿǡ͡
ҶЦеû˵üˡ
Ľɨһλʦ֣ҶŶأǸհɣ
Ծ°ͣζЦӴʦܣǾܾඣ
ĽЦЦʦ֣Ҹѧ˴󱯽ԶʦֵĶ֣رˣԸ·磡
ԾдӲĻԽŭߵʦܾʤǣ־ʦֵģ뿴ʦܵΰˣֵģ
ҶЦеĲһԡ
Ľɨһۣ΢ЦȻˣǹˡ
էҪģô˳ͻҪһӣӲҪҲܲ
Ծڵݾ򵥣ƾҶļƣһ̫Լˡ
ߣȥ䳡ԾһİƣǺЦһԨѧ
Ľ΢۾ɨһԾڣЦЦʦ֣ȵ汥˶ȥɡ
Ǻãǵ䳡㣬ǺǣʦܲɣԾЦеĵ
ҶЦӯӯ˵ʦ֣ʦһ˰ɣһͱչأǲϵóλأ
˵תĽǰЦʦܣ߰ɣ
ĽɨһԾǱɫҡҡͷ߰ɣʦã
ԾǷŭĵˣǲҶһǻŭȫĽϣҪɫơ
ĽȻƳһҶʦãӽɶôµģ
ҶҧҧȴȻЦô
Ľҡҡͷ赶ɱõ̫׾ˣ
ߣԩˣҶƲƲ촽ЦҿʲôҲû˵
Ľʦ˭
ҶЦһԳϵӣʦû㣬ԳϿǺ̵ܻģӳ谮֮
ĽҴǣ
ҶƲƲ죬Ťͷ٣˵չһ£±׷ϰɣ
ĽҡҡͷҴû
ʲô˼ҶбƲңǲǣ
ĽһЦÿɷ
ҶֻŭӿԴֱѹסˣ޲ðν̸͸ȻʹĴϼ
ԽŭЦԽʢЦҡͷô
ĽЦЦҪҳԷ
ðҶЦеĵȰοһ㣡
ĽҶһڵרųԷĵطжʮڳԷԸģ˽ûᡣ
Ҷᳵ·ˣҵط£Ľ棬һֻ֧°ͣЦж
Ľһ㣬ϸʣԵȴܿ죬ĵһԹˣǣȴû
Ľ˲յһڣУĵʦãͲԷ٣
ĽоԷǼƵһ㣬ܵɫá
Ҷбһۣô
ĽҪȰʦһ䣬˶ɵϣ
ҶЦеҡͷʦܣҲȰһ䣬Ů˶ߣ
ĽЦЦյһ£ҶƲƲ죬յһ
Ľ²յȥҶӯϡ
Ľ쵽䳡;ûҶ˵ҶҲ촽һԲĽԳϽѵΣǲԽ
һĻԾǿĽĿ䣬Ҷ˶Ǹ˶жռ˼ݲñȾָĽ˹С
գԽԽˣǰף䳡вˣܶϢ֡
ԾӭϼЦеĵʦܳԱˣ
ĽЦЦλʦֵȺǿʼ
Ծڵٺò
ĽЦʦָ㣿
ɣһ̤ǰһȭʦܣԨѧ
Ľ΢Цҡͷʦ֣ô󱯽
㣡Ϲɽڰ֣ǰΪޣܵסҰУӮˣ˵ԴС
Ҷε̾üЦʦ֣ʦߣ׿̾ģʦֿɱˡ


82 æ
ԭĽԾڶ֣Ծڿ٬ȴҲûŶ֣ñ˳ͷ
ܸı䣬ۼ̫˷УԳϡ
ϹɽЦЦҪúüʶһˣʦܣְɣ
Ľȭһ񣬰νʣȻƽָϹɽ
ϹɽǺЦЦҡͷҪȳа
ν̤뽣һ˲̵ĽǰͻأѸݣĽƻһȻճ˳һˡ
ϹɽûϣַɳȥĽĽճϹɽĽһԲ˦صϹɽ¡
ͣֻʣ½
ϹɽƵĿӵϽ䵽Ľϣ죬ȴ֪˵ʲô
Ľʣȭʦ֣ˣ
žžԾŰƣϹ΢ЦýǺý
Ϲɽʦܣʦõûϰɣֲ˳ʦأȻ
ĽЦЦʦֹʦҲҪָһ𣿡
Աһʵ̤ǰһʦֹȻˣһĴ󱯽
ĽŤͷкβƽΪʤϹɽһһĬԣû뵽ʱȻѡ
΢ЦͷǾʦָˣ
βƽдγƽָĽ࣬˫۾һ˲˲Ľ
Ľνʣǰʽ˾仯·뽣Ϊһ壬Ծо
Ľ롪
βƽУƽ̹滺󷽣Ʋ죬߶λѨλ
Ľһ̳УβƽУʱ类ɣ嶼һͣ͡
Ľ˳һʣβƽĽҲ֡
ˣʦ֡Ľսʣıȭ
ʱҪǴЦĻױɳЦһ̼֣ĽزϾͬš
βƽһָжͷýҸʰ·磡
ԼڽϣΪҲԶϴƽͣȷʵǴ󱯽⣬Լ֮Լס˲ͬһΣ̫Զ
Ծڰʹɫʦ֣ǸʦܵĴ󱯽ɣ
Ծڳһ£ЦʦܣҲ֣
Ľüͷ˶ľ⡣
ԾЦЦҵ书ڸʦܿɱСڣ
ĽЦѧĴ󱯽ͰСƣʦ֣Ҫû£Ȼȥˣ
ðɣǸд裡Ծڰڰ֡
ĽȭЦЦһҶת뿪ˡ
Ŀζȥʱۿ
ҶҧӣĵĵӰ

ʱ֣Ľ洫ǰţվһӡ
ʦֶʦ롣
Ľȭ֪ʦǡ
ʦԡ
ĽͷԳϰɣ롪
겻ٶ˵תߣֱȻһգ˿ɽȱԵһСԺ
ʯڽߣⶸͣɭɭСԺ꾶ֱŽȥĽ̤֮Ժڡ
ԺڲƣָռһߣмСͤ¼֣мɽˮˮĵԺľ
Сͤһӣ˫Ŀ⣬ǲɶӡ
ĽϸͷüԾмФ֪ԾڵүүԳˡ
ɡĽָָ֣ʯա
ĽȭһĬȻСͤ棬¾棬ΪԳǸͷӣû뵽ȥʮꡣ
޼ɡԳϸź΢ЦͷΪȷʵֲõ÷Ҫ
ĽԳΪʦֵ°ɣ
ԳЦе˵еţСһ۸ڵףӲ˵ģܲ𣿡
ĽЦʦؿ㣡
Գϰڰ֣̫أæ
ĽԳϷԸǡ
ûƴǣҲû˵ЩԼصĻǰ˵ЩԵСû⡣
ĽԽо֮ҪΣһЩСֶСıûҪʩչˣϲ̨档
ԳԸ裬ڰʾĽ²ºЦϷúýѵѵ
Ľüͷһ£յһڣ£ã
㲻ΪʲôԳ°ȻĴ
Ľ΢ЦԳ࣬Ҫĥȥʦֵİɣ
ǰԳϵͷε̾ϢЩһֱҵ£˳˳ˮôȥ˲ã
Ľףɳ̫˳ȷʵк棬ԼΪģ̫Լת˶ӦǨԼ
̬书Ҳûãسɹ¼ҹˡ
֪ܶ£û˴ۣϵĶҲ㣬ɾͱȻޣƫִԸ񣬲Żû̼Էܷϡ
ԳϺǺЦ⼸һֱ˰æϧЩСһһһƻϰæ
ĽЦЦ򲻺ðգʦǰ;Ϊвǡ
ΪδӦˣԳЦġ
Ľ΢ЦԳϡ
ǺǡԳϴЦ֣Сɣþ
һֱվС̨ͤ£ת뿪ܿһ̳ڵ


83 ѡ
ԳϺǺЦ޼ɣʹ룬Աҵһл⣡
Ľ΢Ц룬һһ
Ľʹĺȹ⣬ԳԽƢǺЦ޼ɣԨĵӣ԰ɣ
Ľͷ̳롣
Ԩѧ̥ԻڣҲ㲻ˡԳЦŶ룬һںȹˡ
Ľźȹ⣬ֵ̳ˡ
ѧʤһ·Ҳһ˵һֱ󱯽Գʡ
Ľͷ󱯽ԽԽζʵ᲻÷¡
ǺǣšԳϵͷڵӶ֪󱯽ǻҲǻΪľѧӦСƣɵǶûȥͲʪƤһմȥѧƲϴ󱯽ˡ
Ľ󱯽ͦģ
ãã˵仰˵󱯽žˣԳϵͷѣûѧûѵԣ󱯽ˣڵ˵̫ѣֻˣŷִ󱯽£
ĽЦЦ룬һԳЦƷƷǸʹģպ󳣹ɣ
ǡĽӦ

ڶ峿ʱ֣ĽСԺ󱯽ûȥ䳡֣󱯽
Ѿʱ
Ҷ̤ţǰҡͷʦܣ󱯽أ
ĽŤͷһۣһϮĺ壬ú϶ȣ御ԣЦеԼߵʦʲô
ôҶӺߵãһ٣
Ľûͣ󱯽ת߶ҡҡͷʦãҺķȰһ䣬ɾޣ
ģҶƲƲ죺ҳɾôޣҲʰ㣡
Ľҡͷ΢Цǿδء
ߣǵƣҶЦһתߡ
ĽĿ뿪ͣ½ƣ̾˿ҶԼĳˣļƲСˡ
ǸеģΪǿϧǸŮϧëַˣ²˺ķ
һ¹Ľ󱯽Ϊһ죬Խǲ󱯽ԽԨʮοԽԽ󱯽ԽԽǿ
˺о󱯽½ƣһ㣬ܻʽ󱯽ˣܿȥ
һµУʱǰԳϴִ̽󱯽ԳѧԨ书ҲĽʤڱ̣Գϲٵд裬ܱųеĻ𻨣ԳϺܻӭȥ
Ծں֪Ȥһֱû鷳ĽûΪԳϵĳŵȥ鷳
ףԾվ̲סΪҶڣӢѹ˶أҶļֲףἤսԼ
峿µó֣ϢСԺĬĬĽ󱯽վ䳡˼
Ľͷû鶯Ѵ󱯽ͣ£ڡ
޼ɣ󱯽ĻǳˣµСͤ£֡
Ľëź棬µ˲裺һëƤԶ
󱯽һͲܡµһڲ裬պ˸һѧԴ󱯽и򣬴󱯽ᴩʼգؼһʱ
ʦǴѧ𣿡Ľʡ
µõͷҷ֮ѧѡһ֧
⣬ĽѾˣЦѧ
šµһüҪѧ
ĽЦʮУһǿȻҪѧ
µü޼ɣˣ
Ľͷѧ
ðɣµεĵͷ书̫ҪԺãҾ˷ʱ䣡
Ľûɰɣ
ǰһλǰɹµõǴ޵֣
أĽЦЦ
µüһۣߵҪǰ߻ħڶֵ֣õƷ
Ľüͷһ߻ħ
µó޼ˣñѡһ
Ľ߻ħ
µó̫ǿ߻ħǰʾ߻ħѽ
Ľ뵽Ǳ˽⣬Ҳ˷裬ѵһˣ
Ľǰ½ף
µҡͷ˵һĵãǶѧĸ飬ʧٲ֪ˣϧϧ
ȷʵϧĽͷֽ̾ʲô
Ͳ֪ˡµҡͷλǰǼɻ䣬պҲ˵
ĽͷֱԽǱ˽Ӧþǰô˵Ҫѡˡ
һУղǰʮ齣Ҫѭ򽥽һ졣
ѡһΪһ֮ڣǿһɣʹ޵£Ҳ޵ڡ
ߣ䲻֪ʲôϸ𣬵ֱйϵӦ°빦


84 
ҪҪС콣µãνʣʾһ飡
Ľûнô
죬ٿ׸ã׽̫ˣȿװԼݽȥҵûµҡͷ˵
Ľͷͳʦ֡
ѽҿʲôµðڰ֣
ĽӣԺ³µõһһ˿ȥоĦ
µһ飬ǵڶ飬֮󣬻ʣУ˼ɣ
ĽЦסˣʦ֣׽ܸӰ
µЦЦ֪˰ɣС콣أд콣񽣣񽣣Ȼ񽣣
ҡͷ̾콣С콣ʮʮʮȻ񽣣һһǧ˰ʮƣȴûԺɣ
ĽֻܴС콣콣͵ԼѧˣҲǸ̫ܲˡ
Ľѵû
Ϊֹûˡµҡͷǰ߻ħԴĴ̫󣡡
Ľͷ
µõԭޱȣﶼûɵģһɵģ߻ħˣ˵ôʮĪֲǷɡ
ĽЦԭˣһܺߵһɣ
˵ҪءµõͷﶼſЦأҲһȴûһֵ׵ģ;ת֧ˡ
ĽʦֵҲ
ǰµҡͷЦЦ񣬾¾ԼɣδɣС콣콣ʱܲסˣֻתȰҵ·
Ľ룬ͷʹ;תҲʤûѧն಻ѹ
ǵҲǡµõͷС콣Ǹӣû˵ͬνҵҲǿ׽ʯ֣ҪĹ򣬱׽δһס
ĽЦ׼ˣʦַġ
ðɣԡµþĽһ֮û֮ˣ˵ϣ
۷磬¡

ӣĽĿС콣
С콣ؼķÿһеţศɣҪһĶã߰ķ뽣Ϊһ壬潣
ǰҪ󼫸ߣҪ򣬾һͣĽˣС콣ǸЩ츳صģûһĶõ츳ʺ
һĶã°빦һĽûʲôҲ̫û츳ĻǾ±룬ƴƴջʮĹɹҲδ⡣
û츳ǸΪʺ
С콣ˮܾʶܾûһɿ졣
֮Уʱţתһ¹ȥһŲչ죬Ҳû˹š
һºС콣òˡ
С콣ȴ󱯽ӵö࣬󱯽ԽԽС콣ûʲộ˾ˣûпھġ
ϲ󱯽С콣ưûʲôˣҲûϲ
ȥҳµãȴ֪µɽˣȥԳϣԳҲɽˣĽоȥҶ
ҶСԺڣһǽ֮ѣҪǹϵõĻܼ棬˵ϻ
ţ洫ҶɳƵ
ĽŽȥҶһϮ°׾װ賤Լʵˮ
Ҷһͣ˽ͷô
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ҶһָߵǲҪҴһ
һװζȣӢ˲
ĽЦʦˣðԸ㣡
ن£ְɣҶһǰһͽ⣬͡һ˲䵽Ľؿڡ
Ľָһ
ҶܽϵӰ죬޷ƵǰĽһջơ
Ҷڡĺͷŭؿڣ̧ͷŭҪûͳȥˡ
ĽûӣʹҲŭҪըˣѡ
ĽҡͷЦʦã˼òɰ
㡭Ҷҧ޺޵úãһ˷Ҫ۸ǲǣ
ɷУƴͷȴ˵Ĳ಻ûСڼӴ󣬲ԶҲľС
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۸ҵôҶҧߵָ飬װʲôҲûԼʣպúõ㣡
Ľεҡҡͷ˳ԽԽˣ̾һ£ǲʲô£
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Ľҡͷʦݹأɽġ
Ҷûü룬µõĵλȷʵһ㣬Ϊ޵֮ᶨʼߣΪɲ⣬ϵĸ֣ƽʱصģٳȥ
һֵúܴԳһ¾ͽӽԨľףɾ䡣
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룬̧ͷһĽ
Ľ΢ЦʦҲ֪
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ĽЦЦ˵
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Ľҡͷǻǲ֪ඣȥʱˡ
ߣҲµĻǵ¡Ҷ
ĽüͷҶǵ֪ɣӣ
ĽЦЦӾӰɣǵǺηʥ
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ҶЩ⣬书ɼʶ̫ҪԿģָһģҲһЩߵҾ˵ǵǽʮɣĵӸǸ֣ء
Ľأ
ءҶƲƲ죺ͦˣŪ飡
ĽΪʲôҪߣΪʾˣǵһȤ
ŪˣҶߵ
ĽҡͷΪӦòɵ£⣬˵ķҲһͣǵķһ˲ã˲õķĬĬţ
ţ⵹ҲǡҶƲƲ죺˵ʲô
ǵȤĽ򢣬˼ʲô˲ܡ
ʲô˵ġҶߵĹͻһңǣÿ죬ŵҲ졣
Ľͷ⵹ҲǣʦΪɽǣ
ʦֱǺˡҶ
Ľ΢۾ɱǵˣ
ڿɲһɣǧĴУһ޴ɽΡȻ˺öѰǵģ
ʦֿȥԸˣҶ
Ľͷԭˣʦýɣ
˵תߣڰ֣Ҷ޺޵弸½ţȻƵĻ賤йơ


85 
ĽԼҲʵˣټһڣʶĲˣ඼졣
ȥֱȥ˴졣
տӺȻޱĶĽȭ˵Լ⡣
üһȥͨ
Ƭ̺Ľ˴ҲմӲŽ֣޼ɹɣ
Ӳٺ棬û˯ˣģЩ㲡
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ûֱ˵ʦɽʲôˣ
е鷳Ҫ̾˿ҡͷ޼ҵ
Ľ˼Լû죺ʦѧһ׽
һ׽Ĩһܾʵѡһɣ
ĽͷüС콣ˣ
Ľֵͷ´޼ɣϸ´С콣İɣ
Ľǵͷ
ӣЦ޼ǸصģӰѴ󱯽˵᷸Ĵ
޼ԾˣԴ󱯽֪֮һ㣬һµֵϱΣµĹͰѴ󱯽ľ磬ʵѵãѡһʱԼìܣһ˿ϣ;հ׷ѹ򣬵
ڿĽôС콣ɵĽ̰죬뾡߽
˶׷ë۸ֵͣһɽһɽߡ
Ľһۿ͸ĵģЦվʦֲڣûָ㣬ָһɣ
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ҲС콣ЦҲֻС콣콣ֻܿԼˡ
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ĽЦˣҿòԣ
öԲԣϷҲ˵ˡҡͷ̾ϢһֱС콣죬ƫƫǿʵŹ֣
ĽҾС콣ĹؼǶ֣ؼʱ
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ĽΣȥֱָµѨÿһָʶͬԨʮׯķ
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86 
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µÿȥЦҡҡͷʯֿûôôΪĹؿҲѣ߾ȫѴ
ԼһӣĽٴγ֣ɫ糣˼µȻû뵽ô졣


87 ָ
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Ľʦ֣ȥ
Ԩ󣿡µЦ㻹ǲǱߣ
ĽͷµҡͷѽҲǲĵ˰бԨأûġ
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ҶһԲҧź촽ŤͷߣײţһԺķѣȻһߡСԺ


88 Ѷ
ĽҡͷЦЦҶƢɹģûʲôҪܿ˹޺ãġ
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Ⱥע⣬Ҳһ֮ӽպգҲǰȻ˲ֱӵģ뵽ôһƽߡ
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飡أҶʹһۣھҴڣһӹθ
ǿʹ߽࣬߳ʲôҪģ
˾ЦĨȥѪգҪɱҪϤ㣡
ǾͲˣҡͷҪֻܹӽɵţʮһú
˵žƻ˾ͷ˾۰Ȼ
ͣһХ˲Ϣԭµ͵һ̧ؿڣ飡ֱֱˡ
˫ڵۣʮɺͣ£ҡҡλΣǺһ㡣
ĽƮƮڵ˾ߣҡͷţҲġ
˾ŤͷЦ־һ
ĽЦţǷһҿɲǷΪôֵסô
ˣ˾绺ͷãǷһ
ӱľаγмؿӿȴҲ֮ʺȻֻ־ϲǿ֮
ĽŤͷĸߣҡͷܾ֮ûʲô˵ģǹɣ
ɫѿ˳˲԰ף㲵úĻҪή޼ɣΪ㣡
ĽЦЦλ֪ҵĵϸ
бмЦκβڣԸԨ󣿣
ĽɫҲѿ΢۾
ԿߺߵֻҪǴŹȥԨɢ
Ľ΢۾һȻһЦСȴţ
һһĨ⻮ߺźȥ


94 
߻ûܵأĽֳһ󣬽һٴʧڵ󣬽
ĴΣĸ߼ͬʱأź˫Ľ˵ȴΨС
ĽһѪմУ˾磺ſҪȥڣ
ǡ˾绹ûʶĻش
ĽЦҾһŲؼٹʮǵĵؽ磬ǲ
˾籧ȭͷɫδָĽĽסˣһֱ󻻳Լܱܹܲ
ĽЦЦƮƮ֡
˾̳ڸղŵĽԼĻû취ûΨѡ
ĻҡҡͷЦһ
վԭأȻһƬҶƮϣһҶƮƮ׹أϢ
һĻ˾ȻƮ֮Ҷɼÿ˶һƬԼգҲĽˣ
Լһ֮ΣܶƸУ
Ľһ·УܿصԨû˾һ˴һֻβڡ
ƾӽɵĹϵ˾Ҳûʲôһ룬ӽɣԻ˼̳Уûʲô
˲˳ˮһ飬ӽԨĶԹһûᡣ
ߣͷһη£û
Ԩ֮ҵ£˵Լ¡
ڴ¶üأĽ˵ǰ
޼ɣô˵ȷʵ˵ãףһϮ°ӳ񣺡ǰСǣ
Ľûʲôͻɣ
ҡͷЦûͻЩϸﵱæֵӽɣҾܾˡ
˵ĵ˾ѡĽЦЦӽɵĳ϶С
µǰĳԽԽңһֱɵģ
䣬᲻к̨
µͷпܣ
ӽɺ̨ڣԨǰǻڣеģǱûϣڴϹϵҷԴ
Ľʦûʲô°ɣ
¿һ۰Цƽ޼ϵ𣿡
Ľüͷһ£ܳĵӣ
ˡµ
Ľ˼άתǺս
Ԩ뻪ڵĹϵܸӣԼڣΪڵӣøӡ
ڼȣԨںͽ⣬ԼΪڵӣڻѣҲΣȫһ֮䡣
¿һ۰ճϴף
Ľʱһ˭
˭¿һ۰
ĽɫʾĵĿڿнš
Ƭ̺ĽĿ£ʦ˼أ
һθܼ޳ȥµ
Ľü׸Ԩɣ
µͷš
ĽŤͷʦ˼أ
ʦġ
Ľʦͬ⣬ʦͼ޸
кβɣﵭӦ֪
ĽɫԽȻףǻڱԨվӣǳһ˻ǵˣǴ˼˲ܺ
ΪܽӽɼȮȴڣϿġ
̾˿޼ɣһƵճϡ
ʦü
ҡͷҪ˲ܶȹѹأԨҲûҪڣ
Ľʦʦڰɣ
ʦڣɣ
֣æ
ҡҡͷʦҺѣʦڣҽڣû˸Ԩ󣡡
°֣֣
ʮʦָѧԨδز뻪ڲ磡
ĽԼؿڲˣæʦ㣬²òģһ㹻ˣ
ﲻֻ£ʦұͲϲŮ֮飬޸ƽûʲôˡ
³ҡͷ
ĽʦķԹʵŭҲйָоԨ򲻹˼ңſڲҳȥŭ޲÷ȥǿԨʵ䡣
Ȼڣ̿촳ʯ֣ΪĵӣӰӶӻԨ
û뵽ڱƵôô죬ɳҪԨ̬
ڵԨܴ꣬ʹڱӻҲзӶԸԨֺá
׳ңСԨ󳤴һԨΪεʦ֡
һʹ·ڲͣĽʶ
Ľ룬ʦɣ
šü
ĽԨҲܾǵף


95 
ü޼ɣ
ĽʦӦһʱ䡣
ҡͷ
ĽԨĹܼ֮ȥẮеӵģЦ
ĽʦȰȥһսǣû˵ŵĲٻع飡
߲ۡЦһۣҲ̫޳ˡ
ҡͷʧЦջڣˣأ
ĽˣΣ
¶˽֪˼̾Ϣ޼ɣԺãùڣвڲһ˵£̫ǿԼˣ
Ľҡҡͷʦõ
óеļԵǣͶȡҽݾ书㾳磬ٳ߸ͷһ֮ѣһȡɺأ߻ħ
޼ɣһ⣬һ˿
ĽЦʦˣ
ѽҡͷԽô˵Խ﷢飬ÿζҪ졣
˵Ż洫ճϸչ
ɡü
Ľʾһ㣬ĽҡͷЦʦһǣ
֣æ֣ȥ
֪ĽƢ˼ɣʲô¶ó
ĽЦţ˵Ҳ
ʦһҲûʲô
ûĵĽһۣˣڳӲˣ˵ˣ
Ľļƶš
Ų˻˴һü԰׵ߣ˫۾ʢñˡ
һеȣüĿӢ꣬һϮ°׳ӳ纮ǡ
ճϣչӣ룡֣䲻ȵĵ΢Ц뿪̺¡
ĽԽкãһ֮ɣǿһλǵͷڹ꣡
˵˽˽⣬Ҳûлڵ飬ʦĹͣ⹫Ҳš
ˡճ΢Ц϶ӡ
ĽһۣΪʤԼһƽΪԼһ
Ľ˶ӶԷڲĴڵĵ̣ЩĴڵӲ֪ʲôѧأؼʱʤ
λСǡճĽ
µճϣ޼ɣڵӡ
شӣճȻСĴ׹û뵽ϣС紳ʯ֣
΢ЦСӸմʯ֣ܻˡ
ĽȭЦЦճϣ
ճϰֳô촳ʯ֣ڲɣ
ĽЦЦҶѡ
Ǻǣڵʯûһ˵ճЦҡͷƽ㿴˰ɣ
ƽ΢ЦĽȭ֣һᣬƽ
Ľͷ˵ֵȢʦ㣿
Ҫ׹˼ˣ¶԰׹ĽѾáƽЦݿʣĿƵ
Ŀڴϣƺڿ羰Ҳ
ƽӣЩڨڨЦЦֲᷴ԰ɣ
ĽЦЦҾֵ䲻ʦ㣡
š⻰һ˲Ŀӡ
ü䶯һ£·ûԶŴƽճϵɫˡ
ƽһָֻҡͷʧЦֻǿ˿Ͼûϰ׹ɣ
Ľ΢Цҡͷδأȴ䡣
ƽɫŵȢʦȹһذɣҪҲ򲻹ܱʦ㣿
֡ƽ
ҲάֲŴɵӵķȣСû˸ôԼ˵ŭؿӿ
ĽдһΣ
д⣡ƽԥĵͷ
Ľ΢Цһֱ̻ھѧҽӮһаʽģֵܹԶԶİɣ
Ľ˵û޲һȳʮǧԶʧ
ƽһ£ͷã
Ľ룬νʣǰ˵һǴ콣
ˮƽ
ŭӿҪû·ＷĿһĽ
Ľָƽֵܣ롪
𣬲ʱ
Ľվԭزƽתϣˮ಻
Ľ²ƻݣȻվʱĴ̳һ˵⡣
ÿһƵƽһͣˮĽⱻƻ޷ơ
ˮƣ׽ҽˮ̰һۼӣԽԽǿ
Ľûˮȴ佣⡣
Ԩʮ̥ڻѧʮһʽˮһ˿ˮӰӣˮ°빦
ĽĽԽԽ׼ÿһ׼ȷƽơ
ƽƱͣ裬Ȼһ壬һƶ
仺ƽӢǺ죬ǳѪһԽԽ죬
ķ֪仯ܵӰ졣
ճϱĵ׼ʱ֣ۼƽˡ
ͣһĽսƽ󣬾ȵĵĽֵͷԼ֡
㡪ճϲȻŭٿĳƽߣƬ̺޼ɣôĵӣ
Ľһƽ󣬲ûǣʾ֮Ȼҡ
ˣĽȭ΢Цճкָ̣
ϷճЦ


96 
ĽЦЦƷƳð̣
ճϳɾƤȲһ㣬°⣬Сһѧɴ콣ǸһҪ
ɣȵ
ĽƮƮһƵᣬûһճƮһü
ĽҡͷЦЦջس
ճƤٺҲɺҧгݣСˣˣƺ˵һȴͻȻسԼ档
ɱӿȴЦЦСӣȻý
Ľ΢Цճܾˣ
һճϣǺ˫۾âʵʣúã
Ľһ̣⻯Ϊһâ˲䵽ĽĿڡ
ĽᵲĽĽ°Բ
Ʈ
ĽĵͷճϳСΪɳȥ
Ľ΢Цճϣҿˣһи̣涼ÿ
ճüˣ
ĽЦҡͷ˺
ճüЦǺʱղŸƽֲ˺Ϸ־ˣ
Ľʦ㿼һչӵʸǻڳϣҲһѰӣ֣ܶ
⻰Ƿ̣ճԴС
ճƤα˵ô࣬±ˣϷҲԴСˣ
˵˽תͷһƽƽЩʧǣŵ棬ľ
ճϵһۣܱˣһ˵䲻ģˣƴȥǣûʲôˣ
Ľ˫һ̯΢Цðɣ˵ʵȷʵӮճϣ
ճüɱʢС죬Ƥв
Ͼǻڳϣò̫ˣʲô˵ģ
ƺţŶǲˣ
ճЦӼȻˣٴ۸˰ɣ
ЦЦС۸ڶĿһУںǽͷˣлճϣ
ҵճϵˣ
µճϻҪΪչף
үүƽȻڣ˫Ʊˡ
ճҡҡͷ̾˿¾գƽûǸ
Цûݣչǰ;Զ󣡡
ճŤͷĽھԨĻڵģ
µȻڵӣ⺢Ǹɵģⲻɽ͹ǡ
Ľ󣬵˴ºóȻҪһҲһ塣
ڵӣ٣ճϳĽЦһǺڣǣ
˵תȥƽһ۰۲ģȴӯӯ޼ɣҲԼ
絶ʣɫԽ԰ס
ƽճϺȵ
ƽһֿһ۰ųصĲӻߣʧſڡ
Ľҡͷ̾˿û뵽չӻǸӣ
һۣŤͷ
Цسװѻڵˣ
ĽЦеĵʦڻɿ𣿡
µô˵⹫
ĽЦЦʦڣ
Сҿһۣ⻰ʦѵŹ֣
Ľʦһε²ģ
ü̾ѻһڣؼʱ򻹵ÿԼڲɿҲһ
Ľʦ̣˼꣡
¶Цݣ޼Ҳ𼱣˵Σգ߻ħСģ
ĽͷصԼСԺŲ
֮Ѱö彻£ƴСӨӨƺȪתž븧
öķҹĵ˲ͨһ˲ڰ֮⣬ĵɵȫһ
ࡣ
ӹ˵ҡͷʧЦˣԨзڣ봳
ĽĶһôĸˣ¡ٰ׻顣
Ԩôã׽ľĸͬżȻ̸ʲô顣
ŷܱźҲףԼǿΨǿſԱӻǡ
ûԨֱӷڡ
ջԼСԺµó֣ƮƮһ࣬ԺֱСͤĽս£ϲ衣
ʦ֣ʲôˣ
ųˣµó
Ľڡվʲô
ӽɵĵˡµõˣ
ĽæʦյҴѶ˰ɣ
㴫ѶҼʱϹȥµõͷ
Ľüɵģ
ǵµúߵ
Ľⲽüͷʦֻǵйϸ𣿡
šµõͷȻҲ̫ˣ


97 
Ľⲽ˵ǵʶһ˵йϸ𣬵ŵ˲Ҫɣ
µðڰ֣һ¾µء
ĽЦ˵ͦأ
µҡͷʧЦг𣡡Ȼгڰ·־һأ
Ľ˽÷ֿȻҵȻҪɣû뵽ôƻΪһͳء
ǴڵӰӣСµҡͷ֪ڣ
ĽԺһܿҵڼʶ˹˽֣Ԩ飬ܶ¶һ
Ľǰǰһڣ˥Ҳ죬꼻һ֣ʲôɣ
µ̾˿ڸĴйϵ
ĽЦЦҡҡͷ
ش̫ҫۣĴסˣǰǣвºƽ
µҡͷҲԹڵ̫Եһ־սڣѹķƵ֡
Ľüͷһ£ô˵ѧ
µûͷʵκһڣڲϣ
Ľѧķأ
µأüȻʧúأķҲӰ
Ľǰź˺·
šµõͷһûӰˣ
ĽҸȼ
µüǶ֮ǵдڣ
Ľ߻᲻йϸ𣿡
ķ񡣡µҡͷҸ˽֣ǵһ·
ʦּڵĸ֣Ľʡ
µõʾʽ罭϶£ǵĪ⣬һ·
ĽɿҪΪһ鷳ʹˡ
ʦ֣дһĽ
µʣôд裿
ĽЦһд裬жٴʯֵĵӣ
ɡµõɽϲࡣ
ʦأĽʡ
µЦСʦһɽϡ
д裡ĽЦʦְ취
µ룬Цãս
⣬һĵʦǲᣬûйʦһֿʼ콣Ҳ棬ܾ
ҡҡͷһرڵӶԹС콣ȼ˶ѣһɶ֣Լ˶ۣ

һ£ĽһֱʦдѧǸΪ񣬸ʤһҲס
ÿһʦд赽ˣʮÿһˣʮ죬һȴûˣɴ콣һĵմˡ
ʮѧ侫콣֮ϣÿһдӡԺÿһλطŶջ񣬶Դ콣Խ˽⣬и
Ľܶ϶ȷйϸӳ޷԰Σ˼ҹ룬һС
һĽˣʼʱʦ࣬˺죬콣ѹסԷˣʤܡ
ۿĽۿɼٶŴ콣һǧĽţԼԶԶܵǰͷ
Ǽ֮Ҳ˷ܣڳ֮ףһѹڣΪµһڡ
뵽ЩǸĽԽѹ׵ľѧҲʩչĽޱȡ
ĽСԺ콣˸·һ㺮ܲâ켣Ϣ
Ժű죬µýĽͣʦ֣
ġµǰݸĽ
Ľʺ˫ֽӹСͤŵʯȻ򿪣һ̴ľϻӣһƿ
ֱӴ򿪣һ׾ᣬϦŽ⣬²ɣϢ͸Ż
ǡĽŤͷµá
񽣡µ΢Ц
Ľͷд֣Ϣʵʣɵһ
µȻ޼ɣ˵ʮʽÿһʽյӦΪã֮ܳΪ񽣣
Ľüͷһ
µõֻǴ˵ǰˣʲôû£ҲûԿǿ
Ľʣʦ֣û
ţҲԹµõͷﶼԹˣķ̫žֻܷ
ĽͣԽԽһ䲩һأһھܳ
ȲķᣬˬУȴܳ˲Щڶҳһ򵥵ĽԱķ
Ľüͷŷɿ췭ʮҳ¶Цݡ
µЦǲ̫ˣ
Ľͷȷʵлʦ֣
㿴öµúĿ
ĽЦżȴѣеأɣ
ǹ֮ʮǣÿһʽҪ뽣УȻһ壬Ϊá
ʽǾɱУ󱯽ƣһǰһǰ


98 
µ뿪Ľʼ񽣡
ؼһǹ룬ʮԺ룬ʩչʽʱ뽣ʽΪһ塣
Ľ˵ײվܴﵽΪʵľ硣
˫΢ϥ΢ִڳһƣ⳯б̣󽣾һڵһľ׮һʱԶĻζų趯
Ľ΢ƮƮһĶãһĳڹ֮УһĻӶ
񽣲ҪľʵʣҪһĶã߶һܾеġ
Ľֱٴ飬һȷʵʺ·Ϊ죬һ·ҪĿ߱
˸Ժƻ֮£ǽдһĪļ¶һεңעϣɢ⻪ϸ׺ԡ
еͣע룬⻪뽣Ҳεȴǿų趯ɷ׳ۡ
ĽȻƣκζһɵη塣
֮ѽһӣͣ޵Ĺ⻪һשȻһϸơ
սƣȴһʳָǳϸƣһ֦ڵϡ
ĽҡͷЦЦҲû뵽һשרΪ䳡̣Ǿƣͷǳһһǳӡѣ䲻ۡ
񽣵ȷʵף⻹ԼһžҪˣʮһȥ˭ܵס
ĽüԽ⽣أѧ纣ޱ޼ʣԼҪ֮ضԶ
ǰʱҪ˽Űɣһŷʵڣϲ֪жΪ֪á
ԽǽӴ߾书ԽԼСԭµһҲˡ
磬ŨһЩܹԳ书ÿһֶС
ǰĻƣ񽣣ԽǰһԽ̾ѧ԰Ρ
񽣺ܺ˿˿ͨƣ壬
Ľ˼Ƭ̺󣬽ʮʽһʽһʽĹ룬ȻĻӽ
ÿһӣʽ򵥣ҪǾ׼һ˿һĴ󣬷
еĽƺеҪΣܳɹһʽʱԭע뽣Ȼת˷עţඥ¶¡
һͬҡҡ׹͵עͣʱʢ񲻵һ²ȫ棬ǰһ㣬쳣΢ëҰ趯ϣһ˿˿ëףǿʡ
ųЩĸܣٴδСβʮʽһʩչŨһ֣һ֡
һһһֱûʲôˣ֪ͣˣֹͣ
Уһһ飬ÿһ춼ģһʱ䣬С
ȫͬӾԵ޶⣬֮û֮ء
񽣵ĻӶӽϽ͸壬廯Ϊһ죬ʹָʤ
ʱ䲻֪ţתۼһ¹ȥĽ峿졣
ڴ﷢ڵȴûۣ֮ڲ̫ģڸƣҲò
Ƭ̺ټȥʱѾָĵ޼ɣһֱڱչ񽣣
Ľͷǣˣ뿴񽣡
ˣɴ۾ü޼ɣǿЦɣ
ĽЦŽϻӵȥŵĻҿһ
úá⣬ǺЦҪ񽣣ǿüˣ
ĽЦų齣񽣣ɬ£ĺ
챻ƵúˣһһĽתܵǿѹ
Ц˻ûĽȷʵ죬ضǿᣬ޷ܡ
ܿ죬Ľʮʽһ飬ﲼֱӣΧ֮ûǻҲƵԶˡ
һսæĸ̾úãȻ񽣣
ĽЦЦŶѣҾ񽣣񽣡
ɱ񽣸˵Ҫ¯ųɣ
ĽЦֻǲοһ£Ҳûʲô
ţ⵹ҲǡŵͷҪǻ˴ǰӦȴͬĽ񽣣ڵӵڶˣôԼòҪ
лĽ¶Цݡ


99 Ю
õ˱ţĽصСԺȲķⱾűһһһʽ
Ȼ룬ⱾķȫΪȫǰķţһԦˡ
ȴûȫͬΪҲΪžͷһ
߶񽣣ȴɬһĽûʲô
һʽףĲİˣƵһУķкƴûϻʵ
Ȳ¹ֹȥСɣ񽣻֡
峿ʱ֣˼ɽǰݱµãµȴѾ뿪
ȥ죬֪ǵһΪɱһڵӣµٴɽ̽
һǵɱҪǵʵǵʲô·֪֪ˡ
׼ĽɽԨ󣬲ҪʱӦѶµһʵҪһʱٲĽ
ĽͷӦ뿪ڷԨû˲ƣһ·ͣͣڱ񽣵İС
һ·ϵķ羰̼ԵԱ񽣵ĸԽԽ񽣣ҹ񽣣
˽߸书ķҹЧá
ûǣһɽµһ䣬֣һ߿ůܿԵġ
ֻӷڻϿƵðͣѡ̡죬硣
ӳЦЦݸŨŨҪԣȻתЦЦɣ
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103 
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104 
Ľ˾簲ĸڵСԺһǽ֮
ÿ峿˾綼Ľд轣ĽûܾӽɵĽȷпȡֲ֮أԭȡ֮
ĽӽɵĴʦڵѧ֮ﵽ۷壬֮һʣһݣ޸Ľء
ѧʮϵѧ⣬ڿҲͬɡ
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ϦȾӽɣĽСԺԵϢ˼ű񽣡
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дڵѧķܣɲ꣬Ľķδ߱˾籣š
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˿ȷй˴˾ܼɵ
˾ǳ˴ɽʱʮϢĳ֣ΧڵС
ĽɨһʮߣϿɼӽɵĵ̣ΪĿ硣
˾ɫԽأŲҲó࣬ι󣬲ŵɽ¡
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ĽλŮӣ˿һ˿ɳƣ͸ĮһĨԸС
ĽȻĶһòŮӣԽ棬Ȳ뿴ݡ
˾뾣Ĵһ⣬˾罣ˮ϶꣬ĽϽֱк£ѷѽ⡣
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˽ѧĺûᣬǾŴ֮ûۼûףлϸԲŹ
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Ľ۾һ¶ЦݣŮӵòʿν绪ȻԼϡ
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Ľҡͷ̾˿ɱˣѹִô죡
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ĽЦҲ˵ˣںô磡
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С㣬ܡһηЦС㶪ˣ
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ĽЦҡͷʸŷ˰ɣ
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һ絽ǰƣĽεӭϣ飡˸һĽ⣬ԼҪûͰˣ־֮ʵھˣԵԼסƾ
顭һԹʮƣʮʱĽһܿˣεҡͷ
·һ㣬ȴ⣬Ľ衣
ӽֻʣʮ֣ܶޣŮ׷ʹ˾磬Ǳס
˾һѪȴֹѪǱĽһץһ֡
ѪӿĽǿ̲ʣŵ˾һ㼲ӣ֮ۿǽ׷ᡣ
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С㣬һŮ
µһۺߵС֣Ҫ
һѾ֣˻ûܷӦѾˣüԾ֡
ŮҡҡͷŤͷһصˣٿʮߣû˶ֵ˼ȥԱ


105 
ʮҲȥͬ飬ǰͲŮ֣Ȼ׶༪٣ǲ֪׼
Ľŵ˾һ·ӣȥ˲С
˾翴ĽѪæֵˣΣ
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Ľƽ֮
˾ҡͷҪȵķϧû˵ķҲûãɣɱ񹦣ֲҪڣԭе
ĽüͷȵķԼУԼ羭֮󣬻羭תΪ󱯽ֲתԵҲ±񹦡
ȴƲ񹦣羭ȴƱ񹦣˵İˡ
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106 
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107 
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108 
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109 
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˫𣬿ӲԹŭļһȻһģһ
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ںò׳ôһž޵˱񹦣Ǵڸ˵ʱһûˣ


110 Ѱ
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峿ɽһƬ
ĽϥϣΧΪһ壬һ紵ζγһƬΡ
Ľ֮ζΪһ֦
Ȼۣ΢̣򢣬¶һЦݣƮһʧһ̵һǰ
Դɽ˱ѩɽȪں϶ɣɿƽչᣬ·һƮȥ
Ľ̤Ϻ棬ƽأɽʱǰһ̶ӳһ澵ӣӳơ
Ľվ̶ҡͷʵû뵽ǵڣ̤ӶУۼ
ӣǵСģʵôСģĲС
ûŽȥվ̶ҴѾԼڹ۲Լ
Լһյʱ䣬̶ȻһˣƮƮվˮϴĽʲôˣ
Ľˣʮ꣬еȣòƽעĿӢ˫۳γƽ͡
Ľȭ΢Цǵ
ʲôǵüƣǱˮ̶˽˽أ޹˵뿪
ĽЦҡҡͷһžǵģαص
ˮ̶ҲգǵҲգҡͷȰ㻹ǸϽ뿪Ǵ鷳
Ľ޼ɣ
ڣüɫ
ĽЦЦһֱǵλãû뵽ͨ󣬽Сģ
ڵ޼ɣãһȣߵɫţĿ
ĽЦеͷҽȥ
û⵨ӣЦ
ĽЦû⵨ҽȥ
ðˣɣ֡
ʦܣʲôˣһˮվߣӹź˪Ͻˣ
ҡͷʦ֣˲һ㡣
ߣƣְɣ
ڵӡ
ʱɫ䣬üڵĵӣ
ĽȭЦеĵͷ޼ɡ
ǻ˵ʲôֱӽ˾ǣûĵʦٷҲϣ
ʦ֣׵ġεĵͷҵǵ汻ҵˣ
ɫüҵˣ
ɨĽЦˣ
ĽЦǵΪСܹҺܷѽ⣬ѵ̫Եʣ
㶮ƨһ֣һǳµãһ㣬ڻ
ĽЦЦھŹһˣλЩ˰ɣǲǶ֣
ǣôĿЦ͵һȭ
΢΢ݣ̶ˮû棬漴¸һȭʵʣӰͻĽ
ĽһܣӰһٴƵĽֲܣӰ˹
ĽΣΪûӲӣӰԽԽʵȻÿ˻øǿ
ǵѧȻһ㣬һȭӦԽԶԽǿͻ
ҲһȭһӰĽ¼лٶԽԽ죬ĽӲӡ


111 ̽
Ľһֱ۲Ӱ뿴ʵԶȴ磬ʾķĸ߾
飡Ӳһȭȭͷ뻢Ӱײ
һӰζ֮ٴʵһӰĽ
ĽʵٶܣȭͷһӰ⻢ӰСҲûǰʵɢˡ
鵷ǿֱֻ鷳Ȼһá
飡Ӱҡҡ׹ʱҪǰĻӰȥӰڻΪһֻСһʵʵԼаƴСĻӰȴɢӿƣ֮羡ԡ
Ľνһƣյǰһ̣飡뻢Ӱཻĵƽ̶ζҡ
Ľü⻢ӰȷʵŹ֣ƣӰһָֺ֣ܿԭ״յ
һֱսȭͷǺŻӰҪһӰϡ
һƬڻӰϣ಻Ӱһ䵭ݡ࣡һɢ
Ľɿ꣬ٳȭʮֻӰܹ
Ľ˷һ絽˸ǰܣֻܳȭӲȭͷ볤ཻ

Ľ˵ȭ̾ΪҾտǶ֣ǵλòߡ
ûУ̫죬ʩչ⣬ΨгȭӲȭཻ
Ʈ̶Ȼʣʦ֣ʦ֣ô£
ǿĽһѹ˴ɫĴĽûŶ֧Ԯ
ʦܣʦܣن¿æʦûĽеæҵĻȭֵĽĽ
˭ѽСЦʡ
ڵ޼ɣʦֺߵ
һüڵӣ
Ͻ֣ʦֲͷ
һЦʦܣǱ¿ˣְɣ
СͷĽôҵˣ
С̫飬һɱˣʦֺߵȻйǵסûӹˣ
Сæͷɱʦְ֣ɣ
ã
˰γ䳤ἲĽؾȣֵԼܼꡣ
ĽȦסǰָ꣬ᵯ
Ľָ糤죬꾪ĵû뵽ԼƵһָס
Ȼ֮ʣĽⶸʢǰƮˣȴ׷ϡ
飡׹̶ˮӰ
״ԭèϷ̬޼ǿҲвסԼˡ
û뵽Ľô׻ͬ飬ʦʦֽʤԼһȴˡ
Ľһۣתߡ
Сߣһ󾪣æ׷
ĽΪһӰӼӹӣӹѩأ̤ңһƬ
˽׷ϣṦһʱû׷ֺȴĽ
ɫԽҷֿȦͬʱմһ죬ȴǷѶš
Ľһ΢۾·Ϊһ壬һ֮뿴ø࣬̽ǵʵܾǵ̫أóȻӦսԴ
֮۹Ƶ˰˴ӻͳһֻ飬Ȼһס
Ľоһ԰СΪԲɢȥˮȥ޴ڡ
ĽһΪһ壬ܿ
Ƭ̺ʮƮƮ֣ла˽꣬ؿڶŰײɫ԰ȴ˫۾ŵĻ档
ĽһʮΪΧĻĽһ£Լޱʤա
һʧķ󣬻ҴðգȻûġ
ٴγԼСԺ
СͤﾲһµõСԺµҲûͣ
Ľ͵һȭӰȥµỵ́ӰȴܹˣȻһٴ
һӰʵһ֣ٴαܹµõĽԽԽʵٶԽĿˡ
µüȻս
Ľ֣СȭӰƮأԾڣƺģġ
ǵѧµôСҡҡͷôˣ
ĽЦЦʦ֣ҵǵһط
šµ˫۾âһ
Ľ֪ǲϳʮĸ֣زһĵط
Ķµʡ
Ľ˵λãµüû뵽
Ľû˵µϸ˾Ľ˵Լɽִ˰£ڵˣǵܣ̤źߣһƬ̶Ժѷ֡
޼Ǵһµ̾û뵽ǶôҲҲģ
ŵߣҪꡣ
ŲҴңĽں룬Ҫʲôꡣ


112 
ǰҲ֪ÿλ˹ʹͣҿԼѡԼĹһ㣬ûҪ
һεĹͿСµòָ
ҪأǱģ
µýŲҴңܿǰֱͨȥĽ׿
ڿյûˣµȴϣĽɨһҲˣ˸Ӳ
ȭ
ڰ֣̫ʦϣôæʲô£
µõ޼ҵǵĲˡ
쾪ĽĽǫ˵ֻһأδϳҲ˹ȡ
ԭĽ̾󡣡
µü
µóô˵ǿˣ
Ľҡҡͷһ̽ܳʮ֣Ļ
ɵ֮˲δã̫
ֲô޼ɵأߵԭû֮ǰ޼ˣ
ĽЦЦҲײ
Цҡͷܣ޼ξӹΰʲôõŻ鵤
Ľ鵤
üҪ鵤źðˣк档
ĽЦŵĻܲ⴫
һ£ͷܴˡ
ĽϲĽһŲϡ֮ȴޱȡ
ղصţκһȥ˷һѪȷ硣
ЦǸԨɣ
ĽͷЦܵüţ
ǣθڲСۣҡͷʧЦðɣ
лĽæлֵдھѧ
ڵġ룬ͷãȥɡ
ǡµõͷһĽߣĽæϡ
һ۵СԺ⣬СԺסһߣСɫƣʱ
Ľü´
µóһӣȭ񣬹Īʦ档
ߴһͷãС˭
ʱĵ
µùĵĪʦ棬޼ɣŵĵӡ
޼ɾСӣĪʦͷǵĿۣĽȴûŤϬĿƺŴ͸͸Լ⣬ίʵڡ
ȭĪʦ档
͡Īʦڰ֣ȥɣص֪ͷӆ£
ǣʦ档µõͷĽߡ
ĽŽСԺ԰Ȼ̤һɽɽǰһб˰ԶǰȻʣʯǶһſҹ飬ɢ͵Ĺâʯ
ĽûлǸУｨúܾƣʩչṦҲ߲죬ܸоΣգȻ鲼ء
λĪʦ˷ξɣĽ
ˣµǰͷߣͷĪʦ߻˷ξ˭Ҳβá
湦طô࣬βãĽȻ
µҡͷĪʦΪ̫쳤վý仯߷һ֮βã
Ľһ£ʦ֣һԡ
šµͣŤͷκĪʦˣ
Ľûʮգһԡ
µüͷųƬ̺ҡͷҪûյĻˣ
ôĽ֡
µõЩĪʦѾˣȻϣҪβãĪʦõˣ
ĽҲ԰ɣĪʦڷξܳʱ䶯֣ǵʵӰܴǲǣ
Īʦ˶ٴľ֣ÿɶǱ֮ڹؼʱŤתս֡
µ̾˿أĪʦ˶Ԫϣ̫أȫһΪӲţ̫Ҫŵúࡣ
Ľüͷ
µÿһۣһ£̾мܴҪĪʦʩչһˣЩлʧ
ĽҸҪԣ
һβãĪʦ־µü
ĽҲҪԣ
µüаգ
Ľ忪ɡ
µøⲽҹ͹âӳ粻ʮأͣסҡҡͷ̾ɣ
һĽҲ֪Ǹǻ
ĽЦʦ֣ϣȡһµĻʵĲ
Ըᴳµҡͷ޻ϲ֮⣬ֵˣȥŰɣ
Ľһʯңţÿ϶ţĽһŲˡ
µÿЦ޼ɣŰɣȥ˵˵￴ֻܴ
áĽͷҲ̧
µõҪ̰࣬ûʲôô
ǡĽĲɵĵͷ
µҡͷЦЦת뿪ʯңҴҽ˴
ҪߣˣЦôˣ
µҡͷأһʱ꣬Ҫ
СأЦҡҡͷµĽļԲһǼš
ܼǶȫԼı£̫̫ӣһ¼ס׻ңͷæֽѵ
ðɣʲô£ʡ
µóһ£޼˵Īʦˡ
šЦһüͷмְգ
֡µõֻһԣұ֤κá
Сӽ˵֣Ӧ߰˷֣԰ɣ
µ̫˰ɣ
һ˿ϣͲܷ
µõһĪʦģǺİ컵£Īʦ⼸ܾˣ
Ҷ޼ġ
µòĿЦ޼СģûְղῪڣĪʦĻᣡ
µó
İɡЦҪǱˣĪʦܾĪʦϲЯ󱲣޼ŵӣĪʦӦģ
޼ɡµóɡ
ЦҲ߯С޼ˣ԰ɡ
һûκˣˡµҡҡͷ
Ҳá
µ룬ҧҧͷǾ޼ԣ
ЦȥԸĪʦ˵
µеˣһĪʦи̣޼ɾŵˣʹͷҲûٴȥˡ
޼һϣʱն֧£һ˶زۣίʵϧ
ҡͷЦʲôãǵ̫С
˵뿪˴
Ľ⣬һͷβһͷ£žҺʵţʵѾӡԺ
һһķңϵ£˳һٶ౾źܿ췭ˣҵھѧ貨ɡ
ǰָṦ
Ľϵţ̾ڵľѧ治ףһٶ౾ţѧһȣѷһ
Ľף֮԰ھѧΪ书һҪص㣬ֻԴڵķ߶ķ޷߶ʹķģ߶Ҳ


113 
һָ׺ơ
񹦴߶ܷһ߶ǿȴԶ񹦡
貨һṦҲ񹦴߶ۼʶµṦ̾硣
žѧĽķͷˣžѧһ㶥ѧɱȣ
Լɢͷ
˵ʯݣСԺʱĪʦһڽһǱľƺǱľ
ĽȻľа
ŨʱãŹ֣Ҳ֪ľаЧá
ĪʦľЩŹ֡
ĽһԹƣͣ½֡
ĽǰȭĪʦ档
˵ˣĪʦʡ
ĽͷĪʦŷξο
ôΣĪʦʡ
Ľֵȿɡ
Īʦ첲Ľɲ̽ȥüͷء
ĪʦǵĿⶢˣ΢΢һЦԼôκˣ
Ľջ֣
ΣĪʦʡ
Ľ̾ʦķ̫˷ξջ֮
Īʦͷ
һڶ϶ԼԴмֱ¡
ĽκֻһС
˵Īʦ
书Ľԭķķ
𣬻˽ķΣķΣξ˵̫ݲһˡ
ĪʦҡͷϷȫһϾ͵
ĽЦЦܱסʦ
ֶΣĪʦ´ĿȪճθ
ĽЦһ˿д棬Ҿܱ䲻ʦ淥ëϴ裬޸塣
Сһ￴мĪʦĿָǣͷã㣡
ģĽüͷһغĴĪʦӦ̫ʹ죬ΪԼΪŵĴҲúúÿһ
Ϸһƾֱ£ĥĥֻ£Īʦ濴˼ߵ糿ɣ
ǣʦ棡Ľͷ

޼ɣаգµóסĽӳʡ
ĽСͤĽҪݲ裬µȲ׷ʣӲߡ
Ľתεʦ֣İɣʮգ
޼Ҫףһ⣬룡µ
Ľͷ׵ġ
µ֣вأˣ
ĽЦʦ֣ǲҵ̨أ
ҪܲˣڳҲüµõ
ĽЦѾʦֲ˵
µεҡҡͷѽоԣһ⣬ǰ;һ㵨Ҳ߯ˣ
ĽЦʦֲϣĪʦ
ϻµûһۣҪ㣬ҲòģͲ˸Īʦأ
ĽǾˣ͵ҵĺϢɣ
ѽµ̾Ϣҡͷ̫ᣡ
ĽЦЦ˵תȥò衣
˺ȹĪʦСԺԺһ񴲣ĸü԰죬ϵĪʦ档
ˣ֣޼ɣãɣ
ĸü԰ƮֱռݶĸλڿΧסСԺĽûǣΪڵĵȷʵ
ʦ档ĽȭĪʦϰڰ֣ض񣬿ʼɡ
Ľû˵ֱϥ󣬳ʦɢϿʼתһŲ
ţáĪʦͷ
ɢľԾķ亱У˵ȴѲסĪʦ档
Ľǰ˵Īʦ׼ܳ֡
Īʦī̳ƮεƮµоŶųС
Ľһ˫ưĪʦ汳Ĵׯ£أƽʱͬ
Īʦ¶飬ƺá
һ˲˲ųУ޲ʱţϿȴƫƫоʱ仺ꡣ
˾ù˺ܾãĽɿ˫ƣ˫ֽӡСǰٴһϵѪɫȴһʧ԰ֽ
Īʦһ
èӣȴֻǿ̳嶯ˡ
Լһյʱ䣬ĽۣʦɺЩˣ
õúܣĪʦۣЦһɨ⣬Īڴˣ
˫ɻǣȴâ˸ź죬˷·ʮ꣬ĺһɨ⣬ϵҲ˼֡
æʦ壬ˣ
˵ֳ̽ȥĪʦ֣Цеĵû뵽СӻⱾ£
ĽЦЦʦһҪûˣ
ƺ磬
ĪʦǺЦкö㣡
лʦ档ĽЦŵͷ
֣ϲ£۾еһˡ


114 ʹ
µûĽСԺû뿪Ľ붨Ѿǰʱ֡
µ뿪СԺûϸڣⱾǾأ׽Ҳôġ
Ľ붨һȷʵļأĪʦΪ̫ԶԷξҲ̫󣬴һ㼴Сʩչëϴ֮
ڻȪӿܿξ˳ʩϡ
ĪʦԼʲôôĹͣһܴ򷢵ģһǺö
ԼΪǳݺ£ԲŷѾĪʦ棬ΪĪʦִС
ף촫У˲֪зһӿӵУ辭ؿ飬ϣʸ
ڶ峿ĽĪʦСԺ
ĵСԺĪʦԺ̫ʦϣЦпɺˣ
ްˡĽͷ
Īʦ
ĽҡͷʦЧҺ֮
Īʦڰ֣˵
Ľ棬
Īʦ޼ɣ
Ľͷ
Īʦʮ֮ףѣѡԾߡ
ĽЦЦû˵
Īʦվⲽ˼غͣ£˵ֻдʦ޳ɣӽɹҲ߻ħ
Ľͷʾ֪ˡ
Īʦ֪ҪһؼĴУûд˴УʹٺҲɡ
Ľüͷһ£⻹治֪
ĪʦִУΪлҰѱʹĴд㣬ԸԸ
Ľлʦ棡
Ҹ㴫У˽ģҲʴﵽҪ󣬲ʲô˶ܴܽеģҲһֱβܽˣ
Ľ׵ĵͷ֪еİԨûǿľܲסУֱӻ
ѡ񴫳֮һãҲ˴Уһʧ
ഫУɬһǱʹԾҪ̫ߣûõĪʦǵ˫⣬Ľû뵽ССȴǿľʵǱʹĲѡ
ĽԼëϴʱ֪ĽǳĽǿľᡣ
ĽЦʹô£
ضλñ֪ɣԼܸоɣٺãֱȴûϣΨгΪʹ
Ľͷ
ֲܾɬ͸Уε赲Լһԭȱٴ֮ʡ
Լֳϣֱޱȣһֱϣû뵽ǴԵء
ڴ㱱ʹĪʦ
Ľȭлʦ棡
ɣĪʦת԰ȥŽ˵²ؾ󣬺ܿһʯҡ
ʯҲܷŴһ񴲷ڽ䣬һЩ⸬ȣˮ
ĽƣʹʯұˣһҲû⡣
ȫǿʼɣ
Īʦ񴲣Ľ棬Ȼ󾲾
Īʦһ˫ֽӡƬ̺󣬻޷ԶĽо̧ͷ죬дһĲȴֱǿö࣬Ī⣬պֱѹ¡
ĽüĪʦ۳ס
ĽĪӿһѹԼͷֻһ±˿ƺѹˡ
֪Ǿ񣬶ߣʣһʧԼվС
һͼӡԺͼĳγ̿պȻֱǣ״˸쳣
߿ǵԶʤҹ˲ܺӣĽⱱǣƺһĪϵɡ
ӦűǣһϣǶʱâ˸һһŵǽ󣬸ųһ⣬ڿһߣֱĽٻᣬԺ
Ľ˳ͼһĸоȻյıϵһʱܹоǡ
ڵʯȴסӦ
Īʦۣ¶οɫãã
ĽЦʦ棬ˣ
ˡĪʦͷúƽ
ĽЦŵͷ̫ˡ
ѵĵطĪʦҡͷ֮̾ƣһȡ׼Ҫǵסѹһ¾ɥסˣɹ
ĽôӦ˰ɣ
Ľһע룬˲䵽˰ٻᣬ뵤ǿ֮ǰñ񽣣񽣣һСϪע£ٲ£ͬն
һɢȥʹָ⡣
ӽ֮ǱʹɳɡĪʦ滺
Ľȭлʦ棡
ĻԵлҡĪʦֵʹĴдӽ֮㸺Ҫҵˡ
Ľüͷһ
ɶˣĪʦ΢ЦΪʹûôף̫ңҲ㲻ܽѣ컯ˡ
ĽЦŵͷ


115 
Īʦ˼ʹҪУΪʹʹʧǻ
ʦ棬һ²Ľ
˵
Ľǵʲôϸ𣿡
šĪʦǵĿⶸıֱ
ĽǵЩϸ𣬵ʲô
Īʦҡͷ̾Ϣһۣģ񣬡ǵȷʵйء
Ľϴ״
ĪʦǵҲʹ
Ľüͷһ
ĪʦǵӦ΢ʹ
Ľü΢ʹбʹ
ӦûСĪʦ滺ͷ̾漰һܣұ˵ȻʵˣһʹҲ֪
ĽӣȻ
Īʦ粢Ψһ磬ν죬ԣȷʵ¡
Ľͷ
ĪʦЦЦ
Ľͷǣ֪˵䶼һŻͨһ磿
Īʦ滺ҡͷŻ֮翲ֻдﵽһβҵõΪʹֻҪεˣŻ̽ȡ
Ľͷһ΢۾˼
ԼѾ˼ѰȴԼϣ֮֮ţԭˣ
˰ɣĪʦЦеʡ
Ľͷ۽磡
ĪʦڵʹУ֮žͿ̤ȥǵʦүǱʹ
Ľһǿɣ
ǵδءĪʦҡͷ˵ŻһܶŻִף
Ľʹ֮ϻʲô
ĪʦҡҡͷҲʹ֮˵иһ㣬ֻϹ׼
ĽǵΪǵ鷳
ĪʦεҡͷǳˣǵҪǳ
Ľüͷһ¡
Īʦ΢˵ǣȺǣñʹ٣ǰһֱûʹ΢ʹҲûڿ΢ʹˣʹҲ֣ѵˣ
ĽЦԭУǵʵɣ
ֻǿĪʦ
ĽӦԣ
Īʦ޼˴У͵øԿǵˡ
ĽЦʦ̫߿ˣ
֪ǵʵһԼʤ㣬ҲӲ
ĪʦҪ˾Ͳǣ
ĽŵͷҾΪ
ѾõԼŰɡĪʦŲ㣬ΪʹλȻ
Ľͷòȫͬϲš
ȥɡĪʦڰ֡
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121 ѻ
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ӲεҡҡͷֻߣԼʵãüӽ̫
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ǰþֻץסϾһϣΣԼóΪʹ


122 Ԯ
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124 
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126 
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127 
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128 ɱ
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