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ߣȻ

ݼ飺
ս顢࣬ʤΪ
ߵĵڶԴԽΪˡƾסɡʦʦʼʵս飬񻰣

͢ɡңȨƳۡ
߽츴ıؾšǿšʢƾţֺɨǧľɣȨ


001 ԽʷϵڶҵĻ
ǡƵĴԽ
峿¶黯ΪڵİɫɽֺСϿգҫɫ¶ʵ
֨
ƿľţһչ壬һ߶ϹҲڸǲסŵĺظС
ҿʼϲϳζˣڲסĵ׵ϲá
Ҫ챼ܣһԵھӴǡҲǳţӺСӣкСˣ
ţ磬Ҫȥ԰𣡡ûֵܵôʵ顣
ţܹȥ߷һƵĸ̾½еĽַǣڱܵĻУͷޱߵӦַǡ
СϣӺЩ𣿡
˼СǰЩӾͺˣɩǰЩңŲ֪ء
ѽѽ˵ǴСϿˡּɩûۿСϱ̧ʱǸѪ
˺ˣллġ߿Ƶļæش𣬼æܹȥ
бСϸϲС𣿳ǽжӶӣֻԲӣ
λһĴǣ˸߲ҵؿߣСһСһֱôò治ѧõġ
뻢ڵ̬תһ䣬·ߣһкţһǲˡ
СӰһֱܣۼǰһȵŮЦӭЦŸȥŮӴȡĻƹϡ
һֽӹһҧȥһߺЦɩӣãŨȢǺøأ
СͷŨɩЦĿܿ
߻ͷһۣһЦǰˣǴСŨִģԸһ׽ġ
ΪڳϵҪȥϰ࣬һǲġԣʱ߶ŨɩӼҳԵ緹
һˣҲ֪жٴζŨɩԹ㻤Ƿݹʵʵڵġ¸޹ϸҲίʵж
Ȼ˼糿;ţû˻ỳ˺ʲôŹֻ֡⿴ʵھһͨӣ˺¶˵ͨ
֪һӵĵϸʮʮҲȻɱΡ
µķǴׯɲ֣ΧһЩ˼Ұѷݽɢɢһİӡ
ǡƵĴԽ
̲סٶȷһԱϲ̾Ϣ
õһĻгȻ⿴󣬾пյˣҲ󲻵ﾹȻһѰɣ
զզͣѹֳԵֻ棡Ҫ͸ʡ

ÿһÿһǱõһӡӱõһǱĴͳѣǴͳļ
ãһƽ
˵أǴҶ֪Ǳõĵ̡֮ﲢǽͨҪǱҪû·͡
Ȼû֪ʲôԳŵҪ֪˵زǱõļһҪء
ҲǱôиЩƽɢɢķݣǡǡǶסӵļҪ򵥡
ԽһŴ̱ʵһ£ҵǣӴһϵһͥ
ʲôӵһϵƵģǾǴԽһַھȫͥĻκһԽߣһ׮ѪܵĲҰ
ţϵڶҵĴԽ
һҵǣԽ˱ʵڵʱ
һǰһΣյ£ǰѣǾǸΣյ¡
ΪԽߣһҪ£ѡ
ˣԴԽµУڶôˮĻҲͲˡ
ߵͷܴ´ԽҲĻ˴Լһ¡ǡԵһ£ʶѵÿһ
ͷһ··ֲһԣ紦ںߣϸϢֵӦʱ׼
ǰͺ̵ĴԽǰΪ飬ǡԴܴߵġʧ䡱Բδ𴩡
ҲѣǵӴϢȺ壬ҽ֢ϡԣʧ䡱˵Ϊ֤Ҳһ¡
Ǵһʲô֪ʲôũң硰ʧ䡱ĺ˳ɻ
֮ʱСֵİݺԼҵĽɫûκλɣ»

ţá
һ߱ܣһи±µ񾭣һĨϲñŷϡ
һ߽塣߿εģԲʱܻõ¡
һϲļ¶Խããã
ģǮԸԼȫһ߽塣̱ʵԲʲô׵Ը
Ϊ̫ĵʮʱڱܣۣҲǰδеģҲδϧĻ
ȻԵõ䳡ѾвͺͯѾϰˣʮĺڶ
ĿתĴ䳡Сɽȥһƽĵ·ɽߣܿʲôˡ
ƤС˸߲ҵӭߣˡһᡣ
ΪʵսĿǰĶ̰壬ҪĶֲӦˡ
Խ߲ܣҲǡ
ΪսݵصȵȣߴԽǰİĶµӰѬȾҲֻ
ָһԽȫ̽ս飬ǾԲܷκһ˴ԽƵ£Ȼ¡
ΰһ£Ǿѧϰ
Խ߲ܰ߾ͷ亹ֱ쭡ҿϵûʲôδޣȻζҪδڻ飬̤
ҪˣǾͱȻıɷϲˡ
һ󺹣ڳ緹ǰһˡ
ƤСıƤ£ʱʱ˺ţȤŽȡı
ƤСĺһЩͷżСһЩߣһһ˷ܵıߣЩʱǴˣǱһͷ
ɷȺС֪ǵƤСȭͺõСǰ
˼壬ãǱõľζ֣ΪƵ
ĽͳݵƤСƮƮȻ찡Ҷ̲סˣԽԽ˷ܡ
զզͣôаգ
ƤСĲΪȻȺһֻܴҪǱܾһ»ǣ
ܣƺŲ̫أáƨƽɳʽѵ㣡

ҹī
żһͣΪҹע
߳˯˯ʱΪ󲻱ٵģ˯֮ҲѲ
һǱڵĲߵУշת
Ȼ䣬ѹһۺȻһӰУһʱ졣
ȫҪ̵ɲǣӰһԡ


002 ԣһĵط
ҹߣ֪ȻֵӰҲ֪Ρ
ֱͺײаһ㡣ûŵðѾǿ񾭡
˵ǰˣǰЩʱڡ
Ӱһ٣Ȼ᣺˵˵ô£Ǳ㣬⣿
һڱסĵиȥ߰ƺǵˡ
Դ˵ԴǣдһЩϢ߸ҿ϶ƺΪǰˣҲƺΪϤ
ˣδϵѵҵǰûϵ˵£
ȫһ֪뻷һĹؿ
Ϥ˴嶼ϤˣѲİǰˣϵ֪ģȫ֪£֪ǰʲô
յһο顣
Ѻͻأɭ֮˾Ȼֻ֪֣˵£һҪôǱĳˡڶΪ̫ǿˣǿʮϵҲǶ֡
ԣһ飬ǱҪ
߼ת˼ǿϸƶϡ
߳Ĭü֪ںδ˵ǲһЩˣĪҲˣ
߼Ĭסüģƺپ׮£Ȼձѡˣ֣סһҪã¹ϵ
һתһӣ·һʧһĨůУȥʮ꣬һֱҹ壡
˭ǰʲôϵϵ֪֪˵Ĵڣ
ΪʲôߣһҪ뱱ã
ѣ߲òѧۣٱСģһػδؾǹȥˡ

ȡСӷģĶߵֺͼ߱ܵĲϤС
һᣬ߲ŻȻһѧؼ¼һ׽ȭҪޱΪһˣһμؼԼҪһЩʱɡ
ϸϸĶһᣬ߱ܵĻӶ˫ۣ屾ܵϤУ˼ҵǰѧģúܾտ򲻻ֱܡ
˵ƺһֱڰиҵǰӴûе⡣ѧϤǿңʾǰ˵ƺϵ
ȥһˮͷԣ֪ҵġʧ䡯ְǰѧ£ƺ˼
ڴϣߺȻһֱԣ
һңǱ㻹⣿ǰѵʱϵҲôʹѵǰˣĲ⣿
ֱͷֻܽܲܲҪǣЩ鷳


Բٶ룬һֻµͭϸ죺⵽ôһԽأ
ֻͭԭϵϵС⣬ΪϲѾһЩͷˣԼҶôġ
ˡ룬ͭȻҲһˡ
ͭԽģͭҲ
ͭĵףȻһͼͼΣⶫʱôʱͭͻһ
ߴһͭ䣬ϸĹ۲졣ȻͭǷ·𱻺ȻһĺڣȻԶ
ðһڰУֻһЩӴ͸΢⣬ϡɼ
ҿײаëȻ
͸ðһᣬΪ˵̬Ưλһ͸ĺߣʯ֮У߼ȡ֪ʶ֮һ̫ҿ϶ǡս飿
ɫսĽλôֵĳʶɫΪͼս顣
ಿλĺɫߣʾһֻͽ׵ս飬ʵߣҲǿ١
ߴзѽ⣬¼ٰͭƣͭǸһԽģôս飿
һ£ͭİͼһһ·ˡ
ͼе˫㣬۾Ȼǻİť
ƶһֻۣһɵӺӿΪһȶ˵ŮӣŮӵಿλһɫʵߡ
ض꣬벻ͭı仯һʤöٵĴԽǰ̻һ£ԱõѪһףҪԲźá
ԥָϸһ˿ڣ͵ϣ˰졭
꣬ƭӣƭӣ
ŭſҪֹѪָͷֻսϴ˴Ҿ֪ûôõ£Ҿ֪Ǳġ
һͻ
Ůս޷һ䶯˱Ѫһ㡣һת֮䣬ߴѪʧѣصĲûһԴԵ
Ϊ߸е𾪵ǣŮսһһ˱֮䣬ͺһķӦ
ֻŮս飬ĲѪ꣡
Ůսˣƺ˿ȴΪʧѪڵϣɫҰ׵Ĵڴں
ֻŮսѪһţһЩѪꡣ
ʱҲȥᣬֻסоͭľϲ

ȻʧѪȻٴƶֻۣ뿴᲻ðս
һʧˡٶΣҲûս֡
ʱ˼ôֻսôģбԵʡ
ǧҪ˵ģ
ӵĽƶϢжȣ츳ҲǱƳģһǮԣܿͶԣֻսĴڱԵʡ
ͭиҪھİء
̫˫㣬ֻƶһֻۣ½ðֻս飬һֻΣ
һᣬоһ°ԷλֶһЩµķ֡ۿֻսһᱻͭһֱųǲֺ
˼˫ǻģЩȻҲǿԻġ֧ס°룺һΪʲôû֣
һ߲֪Ūͭٴˣ˫һģȫ޷ⲻǷֺûֵ⣬ǣ
ͭı仯ǴԽӵеġ
ְŮսųһ·֡
ֻŮս鵹ԼһЩԺˣȻԵúǽֱ˵֮ǰŮսƷѾǷָĻˡ
ûκε£սˣƷԽͣԽ͡
˫һƯӯӯһҲڸǲסĽֱ
ūݼ
ڿһסԴ


003 Ծƶ˵ļ˶
⴩Ʋ㣬ԻԻ͵̬ҫ
ɽۣ֮㵤֮һź
֮
¡¡ĻزϣһǺòǰһй⡣
ϣϿҪҳϮ̨ʣӭסķ磬̹
һгԵˣǲһӴ򲻳һƨƵ
һߣʮʧȥҸĸ׹Բʹ̤ƴǧҡ
κΣʮʱ򣬸׹ȥԼһ˺͸һĲӴ̱ǵģŴĹʲƸ־Ʋ
̱ûлߣ̱ļ꣬Ϊ˸Ǯƾϵ̬ȣ꣬˽˼ʮ궼ûеʡ
Ϊ̱ľ־ҪȳӵòıģĻ
ʵ˵װ޺ӣǰﻵˡ¶Ҫע⣬гԴǺΪÿһһУޱɵҪԼ淶Լû
ܻ˵ִŰǣִȾḡ٬ƹŴĻԵçײɱ
Խûô硣
Ҫɵģḡ٬ڽǣҪ˵κʱκλ涼
ڣѵʱѾȥˡ߻»
ǰʮ꣬ǵĻꡣҲ̫ԼԼ
һ⣬߾졣һͷɽ£մ̼ޱȵĲǿͻʯϡ
ץסľֽУۺ֪Ϊʲôм˶ˣʵ̫̼ˣ
ԼȻôһ죬һ˶ԱɽѰ̼·ߣ۹ֱֽ
Ŷ߷һץסһ٣˦Уֽȥˬ̫ѧĴڼֵˣֱ̫ˣ
ЩԵս٣˵ǣһ㣬߾԰ǰ̳ʮʮ
ɽһֱ̼ķۿҪɽˣһ쵴ߵ㣬Ӱм׹
һƾ׹֮ƣ֮յصϣ
һͻȻڶ𣬱̲סĺЦСϣҲ֪ǰô˵ˡ
߻ͷü۾ȻǰɵĶˡڨЦ磬ô
ɫԽŹ֣ӦΪˣǽѲ죡
δ䣬һǺ¡¡Ҵ⣬ӰһԾ죬ˡ
˵Ľžıѿٶ죬ֻܿһЩӰڰ˸
һתۣ˾ƶžһ죬һǰĺ߹ۿҪݺˤڵϡ˺ĳȣ
ðһֻս飬׹֮ƶס̨һƮȻˣΪ˵ã
Ŀɿڴؿһ˵սд裬ֻһͷ
꣬ε֮

ӱûߣһ·㱡
ǽĶˣѾǿ˹Увһۣܰɽˣָöôֲ
ߺȻһַǳǿҵĲȫУôһ˱磬̫ûаȫˡ
ЩˣͺñյĽ𹿰΢ŴţǾһС
ҪҪţҪţҪҪѧˡ
߶һ£δ֪ǿвΧУò˵Ķ
ѧǰĸ
һ߶ڱһЦΰڳȺõ¼
ǰò֪ĵһۡƳҰ𶯣յĽǣıƻʵǸ׮
ΪһִˣǱȽµġĳĳвȻÿͷ
Ҫ֪үƻȫ򣬽ҲǱʬ
ȻҪһö˵ұ׹У˵ͷӾסˡǹƻõҪġ
һǧö˵Ǻðɣ֮Ѿݲˡ
ɴˣɼѧļֵ

ߵϵһ͵ˣʶǱġʵϣٴֱɵߣձ鶼ʶֵġ
ˣ߻ĶһЩ鼮ҴлϢ
磬ɼ½ʹɣڵĴ½ΪޡǱСףһ
ߣ޴ڣӷôһ磬硣
ϲּ֮һΪϱǩһӦĽ׼
ߣҲƳΪĻֽλֽλ֣ʵʵʵĴڼֵ
С˵Ϊһأֻûôȷˡ
Ƥ͹ǣ׽̤ĵ·ˣ֮ǰһЩڴĻ̸ϡȻ󣬾ǻѪϴ衣
ϴ裬ĿǰΪ硣ҪŬľǣ
ĴѧǶƤϴ裬һһΪҪĵڣǶǶϵش
ϴڣʮͣѾһΪˡ߲ھǣ±ߵأѾԱ֮Ϊˡ
۴ǶȣʮԺ󣬲һȫ淢Ϊߵʱڡ
УƤСĸߵһ㣬ǻѪڣʱͻơ³Сһ꣬ҲѾϴˡ
һ·߰ųյקקͷӣ˵Ҫܸҽ̸Ǹжð
Ƕһطء⣬ʵףȻͬʱ
ľȻһӺһǰ¡һԴײһڴСϣʱͽײϡ
߰ס֮ɫǵһʹˡѪ߾ͷֱ˴˼˸ӦܴңһЩ򵥵Ĺ
һСѪһȡӵսս
ǲ̫ײˣҪô˵ܾˡ
ҡҡͷϥһʯϣȥҪƤСǶʵսڣʱúˣ


004 еս
һҪʱרעˣƽЩֵȻרעһ׮ϣܿ¡
ʱԣ͵ĹϵĿǰǲҪ̫ͽ
УסӿͷﲻסѭתС졣о棬һ̹
ϣǰʺǲֻԲڷܡ̰棬Ҳϡ
Ƥϴ裬Ǵ塣ԲʾûʵϣһǾƤĿˡ
˼壬ǴĹ̡ڷ֮ǰһ׶ΣҪΪǿ
һҪĹؿܶߣһû취һһǾһȷĵ·һյĸ֮·
ߴʱȴδ֣һľȻӺȻһһ˫ʵĿҡҷźɫ⣬Ҳϥ
֮ߵ·£ĿڲλֵԾȻһµСͼ
ͼĳ֣ͺӡһϢĿ¡
һɲǼ䣬Ҿ𣬷һתķ
һ˸֮һԾãȻܵؿ˫֣
ͻˣǷˣ
ʱͭ𶯣

ˣͻˣ
ѹһʱѽ⣬Ǳץץʱ˼͵һᣬȻϢͻˡ
ܸоӴӵ֮ǰǾߡ
оͭ𶯣ƲѵȡҡڲѵСôˣ
Զϸָһָһ㣡
һת۵Ĺ򣬲ӵϢֱߵԺһʱǺòҡ
ŴڴڵغŴӻָľֱӡһֻλս飬ôԺԣ
ŭҲ꣬⵽ô£
ͭѲϵ
ͭһȷǸһԽġ
ܵĽѽͭʲôıĳ֣ͨͭٻģԶս顣
֪ô¡
ҪͭŪս飬ǾҪľꡣҪˣܻá
յľԽǿͭ³ս飬ҲԽǿһǰͭٻһֻս飬ͨս飡
߻ڷѽ⣬ͭ컹ٻս顣ܿΪӦٻ
Ϊٷ֮һǧǵˣ
ĳ֣Ϊǿˡƽ֮
ƽ֮ǣܼͭٻս飬ƽ
Ωʷǧţܱһ˿겻𣬵Աܱͭٻ
۾һ°Ѱ˼˼ʼٻЩһ֪ʲôǧһʽĵˣ
ͭһ˿һ㣬ǡôĻӦôһݳ޵Ļ룡
ߵ̾ͺˣ

ٻʼʣû⣬ǹ˵ǧһۣǵеսۣ׼ʲôٻ
ڵΪô׼һԼľѪɣ
ûһ֡ڵΪҪٻʼλսۣǵһٸߵѪס
ٻս飬ҪΪ߷ҪҪñѪ׼ң߱Ҫʹ֮
ûǸս飡Ͼȶ̫ˣҪһĨ
ҲգʼҲãйꡣҲǣˣֻܸЩλս顣
ͭһ˹һ˿겻
ֻҪԸ⸶ӵƵΪս飬ʲô
ֻһ⣬ЩˣԼˣһٻһĴ۾
ΨһοǣٻΪ˾û⡣߸ҿ϶ΪٻʼʾԲ⡣

ˮ̶ߣ¼һĿڵͼ
ҡͷһЦ治ǡƽ֮һͼͶˡ
ĿڵͼȻйŷ磬Ȼһ۾ͱϳǾǳͷ͸ͷдԡ
ʲôʱܿһж֣ͭѯ
ͭıϢֻʾܼһߵΪͳĿǰһԾʽߣŴﵽٻ
ٻߵΪҪҪǳ⡣
ߣھͿӵеһֻս顣ڶֻս飬ҪٻѨڣ˲ܳܵסֻս顣
֮󣬾ǻѨͨ嵤
㣺Ծʽߣ϶ָǾٵǻѨܿڶٻϧˣ
Ѿ֪ǰΪʲô޼ͻˡһΪԭ;ͻƲԶˣǡ
ӳΪս鿪ʼ˵൱ôһϣڼӿٶм
ڶˣΪʲôʮϴ֮󣬲һ߷پΪʱڡѧ紫˲֪ٴˣ¿϶һ
ʾȫҲֻͬʱλսΪս
ģطдΪ£ǿ¥󣬺ñȸưá
͵ɣһƣĹһȥء



005 ţϵ
оϲ£ر
Ҽһ̴Ѷ³һ̣Ϊ͡
ſߣ߿ڳջϵȻһԵĸжӿ롣
ĬĬ˿û̵סǹɲ˵˼
֣衣ڵû𣿶ںܺãѾ̱ˣһжãһһ΢ϵ
ߺȻȥæ嶯ޱǿҡֹݳĳ
ȫղǰضᣬǾһ
ϵһ׼ʽߣʶֲͨī˵ͨͶһڱõϣ·ô򵥴ֱ
Ϻܶǰһְ˵ˣִаɱʹ̽񡣾˵ǵ걱õһˣ˳
ӵߣϾΪְʮ͸ϱӵİһϰ°ࡣ
պ÷ˣϻͷߣһЦ⣺ˣԷɡ
ӦһںӶϷˡ
ԵüڣĬһᣬ̧ͷƺҪڸʲôǴԣҪСģ
Сʲôһϸĵˣ￩⣡
ϰ£ͥԺﶵ˼Ȧ¶Ƶصһֱڲ飬׹˵£δ⣡
꣬Ҿ֪̾ϴСԣȫǱõˣ
ϳĶһεСԣμӵĺͼ໤ȫǱõˡ⣬Ǿ˵˸ණ
ϲף⣬ôǳģǳģ
һ顣¾ģ¶һ˿ɫҽʽһҪˣ
ţһЩϤöءĿǰһĻмĳĺȳԷɣ
뻹ûһڣֱֱؿߣԹ涨
԰صƨһˡպ͡㣬ֻܷȥҾʹû⵱һ£
߳Ծޣϵ湻Ű
ҵľǣǹ׶㣬ѷϰ߶ʮһǧҪ
ϵ֮ɫһʣµضԷ·ǰĽ̸ȫڡ
ߺܵս飬ͻƣδԣɼбϵġ

ҹʱ֣
һδӳ˯Уĳ˸ѡֱܲܲҪôûġ
һλ·صĹ壬ȻһϮɿĺɫװ磬ƺڹȥʮһֱôɵġ
һ˿еĿ⣬ʱűһЩһûϴô¡Ǵԣⶫ
Ϊ׼һֻս飡Խģ
ս飡߶ݣĳֲͰ
иоһԼġʧ䡱һֱδģ
ֱ
ԣԼҪһˡ

һģֵûӡ
СС峿ͷټһǷͱǰȥμӴԵǡ
һСӱòμӴʸģʮˡռһαòμķ֮һǿ
ǱõĴͳŵ˵Ｘ˳ɵ˼ң϶ڱøɻ
ǺʱŵΪȻеԼҵﴫھ顣ߺܾȵǣЩУȻİš
ҪμӴԵǣһһĿܣһһ˸߲ңԱӵ˵̳иϵĹ١
ͨһЩӵʶ߲ڱеС
ССˣֵһַǷ
黶ͱ£ûд̤̣ͬӥһ׼չ߷ɡ

ݵ
߷ŭѡ
ս飬ͲزСԡҪμӣǾϽʹս飡һֻ군Ĺأ
ֻһʣ߾֪սĴǳױˡ
Ǳôʼˣһָʹ³˵Ļشûʲôѷֱ棬̫ȣ̫侲
߹ϱ죺ʵҺȻҲ
꣬ڱյĻӴͳָʹûʲôùӳԡ
ƤСĺٺֱЦ³˱ֵһʼҲò
Ǹ˶֪úú޲촵ӴȺܣ߲òϣС³˾ȻһЩЦ츳
һڸΣתƻ⣺ˣ̫ˡᰡҪŭҪ顣㳪裡
˾౱ָԵ㣬ǵǣѾԶˡ
ǰһ챼ߵĹһɫĴ磬֮ˮ㡣
Է質ˣĳˡ
ƤСĺ³һ֮󣬾ͺڵһͿ

һס˷İ鱼ŵĻصƬɫ£
ƤСһԼ˸ԴС
³˵һŸմ͹̳ӱƴؼ۾鴤Ϥ˶֪ǰ࣡
Ƕô飬ôţôҵĸ裬õʵ³˿
֪Ƿ̫𺳣ŮʿתһףһſϧǿˣǻĺŸӱĲҾ硣


006 ԣӥչ
һۿûϵڶһЩһͰԼǺûˣ
㶨߿ţ˻ڹٵϸ·ǣסķ̫ء٣Ե٬һЩˣû̫˼
ţԴִ˵ḡҲԵȥˣΪ٬´
ھ˦һ׵Ĵ㣬һȻûгԱǰıɡ
ִߣϣ֯ˡ
Խһ뿪̫̫¶³ʶڵأһ·Ҫ̫æŶ
߻Цˣ
ͬʱݵϺһҧгݣߣ
ƤСһͷЦ˼ԣѹְ˵ݣ
ߺȻãԼǰǺйͬԵġ
ݽж˼ԣǱ죬СйڡڣΪǸһ㡣
λ԰׽˵³ˣߣҪСûҿܻܿڴרǵ鷳
˼ҧݣ񱼣󺰣Ǹҵţ
³˵Ŀͣһ˵һ
߲ʣţ
һΪ֣ᷢ³ƽͣߣ˵öԣһֵһİ׳գ
³˴ǰߵһᡣϲ·һߺƤСŻȻ򣬱Цѣ

Ʋȱƥƾ·ߵ⣬Ȼ࿴һЩʶ
³˴ԼҲǵʧ䡱ϸڣ֣ص˵ߣԴˣЩ̫ǵá˵˵
ǰǼһΪһɫ֮һĪҪݰΪҲˣ
ΪһԴ޵ĺšʵȻһ˵һġ
ҲĳɼǰСʤҪ֪ߵʱ׹ˣ׹֮ǰѾõʤơ
Ϊ׵ıܣȻӢģҫ˼ԡ
˾Ϊø߲żͥģ˸Ȼָ֪֮ͬһλָֻʹ֮£
˼ǲݰ˵ҫܲӦǱһǿƤСľϢͨʿǰսˣԣ֣ͨ
һ˱Ϊǿֱʽ䣬ԬԨǳͯľɭ
ʽݴԬԨս飡ˣϵΪ³Լࡣ
ͻѨ֮ͨ䡭ߵһ໹ĲСԭл֣ڿϣã
ƤСĲΪȻûʲô˲ģʽ䣬곤ϡ
ûϰĳʶһʱЩԷƱôؼ꣬ΪĲʲô
򣬴ҲϿΪܣڴΪļ֮֡
³̾Ȼ˵ҲòϣЩȷǱøɵƯ
Ҳ̾ԭͬΪûʲôڴжȡô̾

СԣΪÿһΣǱúһϲٰģҪĿľǴӼӵѡˡ
ӴСԣһڸĶĿȾ£ӵ߱ơߣҪˡߣŵӵܲ٣Ҫ·
εжԣѡƺһ׮˼¡˵ӵܻѡΣһλȻʵ˼ͺܺˡ
СԴڲԣֻҪͨСԣζųΪ˱ŵ񡣵ȴԽֻҪȥñʽΪٵŵһԱ
ԣѾΪðͷĵطˣѾ̫ĳ塣Ҷǣ˭ӮһأͺñȸɷԷһΣҫĳЦԷꡣ
жٳ壬ȫںںǽ
ȡˣ佱ΪƷʵְ½սһֻԼ½׷װ
ϯȡˣΪƷʵְϽսһֻԼн׷װ
ͷȡһλΪƷʵְϽսһֻԼϽ׷װ
ͭȫںս顣ְƷߵͣϵܶö֯ܲϡ
Ҫ֪궼Ҫͼʿʼ𡣸Ҫ֪õָʹҲƷѡ
ŪһְƷǾ͵ȣܶø֯Դ
ĺôѾֵúܶԸƴȡˡ
֪θ߹٣֮һϣǴӴӱ֯Դݻ£Ѹ
һԸ֮ڴжȡΣϵٳǰ;Ҳϵǰ;
߲ںٳ
Σ־ڱصá

ǰδʲôѪ׵ĳͻŶΡ
¶˼Ժ޺޲ѣȻǲΡЩ⣬Ѫ
Щϣõ˸һߣ·߸мƵġɱԷΣҲû˵ĳͻ
ǣԼ꣬类һȺɽߣŴԿʼ
ȻԵã·ԣι۹ģȻڲԴεɽ
ÿϴԣΪףԵص㶼õĵ̡һΣǽּҵĵ̡
صǲϧ׵ļֵ˿ˡ
þһеģ˭㱾¶ûУӵ̸ϣҶҪأССǾġ
缸죬ϵѾѴ˵صĵͨɳ̵ưڸ߿˼죬ǵ졣
ţǱǵãҲ
ڸߴ۲ƣץԴ̫ģȻǱ룬õȻûùӳԣ
ߺƤСļ³ԼҪһ£ʧɢòԼõĻϵصˡ
ǵˣͷĿԺãô´ϯ֮һҪĵġ
߲û־δ䡣ֻǶģҲϣС
ⲢҲǱѡķĶܾˣѡϯƴǡϯ˵Ҳˡ
ȣҪ³ǻϣʱԼû̫ġ
δԵĲУΪӵнĵ˵ʵ⻹ΪСꡣ


007 âСǿ֮
һ߻ɳ̣һĿĵʵڵۺ죬ƺһҲĶƵ¡
ƣκдأ˼⼸ά˼ϡһЩҵĻʵۣνάֳ
߶ţλʵ۶ǿĸ߱Եʣޱڴ̽
٣ôҲŲһӶڱã߱ơ
һ·ϷСģߵʵս첻ɣϣǷʮʮɵһ·˳·
ţҪϵˣ̧ͷԶȻʹдӱϴ̴
ȫǿıܷӦǰԾֻһ˺ѰʹԵüޱȡ
ߵײͱѬճȻ֪˶ܡһһʹںġ
һǣľսˣľǲݵս
˼ģʩչĿǰΪֹӦŲ仯б´ܶ
κһĨɭɭĽ棬ʼ׷ٲ᣺ٺ٣ƣȻͱҲˡ
˼ӳһãҸ㣬ס
ҲһץˣȻмƣֻһߣսһתѱνһһҧǰȥ
ƭңŭ̧һһֱȾܣߣ㣡
һģȲĵˣõһҲȷֻѷɫĵˡ
Ϊ󲻼ߣֻûߵͷ͵ϮῴˣһʱĻţһ£Цԭ㣬˵ǰˣ£ѧҲ˰ɣ
˴롣
߳һֻ֣ŵƹҼ귢߲ôǿĻŽʣ׳ߣҲн죡
ݵ߾ԼٿƲˡϲһԽͱһԽͳɷϲ
һģǰһѪ쭳߳ʹ֮£ʹ˼ʹҧݺݵȥ
һʱʵòľмɡ
⽣߷ɿϤӦšҪô˵˶ǱƳġϿ仰ģǲ֪ߵĿడ
Ľ֣ߵд඼ǿıܷӦתһʱ󣬾ȻҲϼм

ʱ϶˼ˣҲԷɿٶӦսİĶ
ΪߣвĹءżڱϤѧϰս
˫಻߳սֵ
һʼżˣһ߲ûˣѾǿѹסꡣ
֮׾Ȼ˹ͨС۸ʵڷ˼
һͻأߣȻһ˴ת֪̾Ǽߣԭı죬Сʮء
ӶҪΪֻţģ
ȻЦССĲȴǾһĨڱŷݺ֣
ֻھѣһɲʱղšһ춯ɵɡ
ǵϬεסڣֻôʱ򣬱ǿдϣίʵˬҡ
ƣС֡
ԹԵؽһƵˡʣ߿Ƶ̾˿һֻûȥֻ֣ǳҾ֪Źҵĺƣ
Ŀעߣ֢˿£ƽѧ
ѵʼ磬Ծɰγг񣺡ֻҪңһ
һЦЦ¶ݣдҹķ緶ͷҵģ˭Ҳ᲻ȥ
椺ܰأ
գգۣ׳һ˵նõĵӦöã뱱úҾĽƴ֣˫
˵ţһӣͣ
Ŀ̿ô߰ɣ
߿Ȼֻϧ̾

תͷ¶⣺㲻ҪҵĽƴ𣿡
գգۣȻƭģ
ĿתְסһԲһظϧѡ˳ϲңشȻк֢
ĵһ˿򣬰ɿܵˣ
΢в죺ŮˣȻмִеСˡ
һδ䣬³˴һôת˳ƤСĵĴһԾ£ģȻΪ㣬һ֣ǻʤϣ
һԲЦαһն
ɻаߵʱ򣬽⾹˲һâһ°ŵ
âƤСĹֽһĴĴڿ
³ɫ䣬̿ˮģ㾹Ȼﵽâˣ
Ŀɿڴ꣬ǣǣ
Ѩͨ嵤ǿģȻϢ⣬âʮ˾ĹȻѾâˣ̫ˡ
΢Цﱦһδﵽâ
³˺ƤСһ˼Ȼ򣺡֧ǷϢҲˡ
Цһħ֣
³˺ƤСĻһۣЦȡƣݳȥһֺֻȻһȣ
һγԻĿߣ
¶ֵЦݣԾ߱Իԣģ㡣᲻ɱǣͷǲöˣ
ĴһȻɱǣͷҵģ
ôʼ磺ǵĺƣͱˡԱ㣡
ƤСĺ³˺Ȼ䤱ߣ֪֪˵ʲôأ


008 թƭһ
ʱ֣ͷңСֵ֮䣬ȴޱ侲
Ǵ򲻹㣬ƴҲش㡣вϣ¶ɱǣ
˵ò룬һڱ򳤴˵ѣ˵ֵܣѵõ˵츳㡣
ܾһ壬ȻǣδԵǿ꣬˶Ƕ֡
һЦ·ΪĿǣôشͷβģ
ҪǵĺƣʧȥͷҪͷͲӦ˷˵Բԣ
˵ͬΪõˣȻչˣһ棡
ĳ˼̧ףԣǲӦ˷ʱ䣡
ЦУ㣬ֻĿǿļϡǿҲز֣ϵĺһ࣬ȡã
һĨ΢ЦƯϣĽ鲻
һ
ĿĿȥƤСĺ³Ŀɿڴôˣ
ߴΪϧʵֻеһˡҾ˵ش󣬾Ϳ϶˵ʲô

ƣ
һʣһѵϵɣ
ĲδԵǿߣһ·̹һɱȥɱ񣬷
ôڵǿ̬ʵΪǿ֡
񲻶ԣ
ѺƷźãļֱɱ˼죬úǰĻвԾĵط
ĺĺ˶פ㲻ǰĿֱ
һУԡΨһԴԴǺڸǹȥĹؼǣɱܣҲо֮ƴ
ԣͷβһУ
ĺֺЦҾȻͬһƭΣ˵ǣӦöӴˡ
ʵƭΣ

ƤСĺ³һֱóŹֵߣ
ǲǾҳ޳ܣЩܲˡ
⣬Ҳнڡ޳ܺľ˵ģ緭ǽڹеĵ¡
߱һȰߣʾܡ
³˲ΪȻЩҪԾ߳ɹĺ¡
߰ɣй̧̧첲ȥǿƴƴһУϯĻʹһ֡Ҳкܴʻܾˡ
³Ի֮ǿܾˣ
ߵһۣǿ֣϶ȥǿĴȣһϣǾʱһ򼸸
ƤСԾԾԵŵǰˣϣ
ߺƤСģվסǿˣ֣˾Ͳ֣
˵һ·ȥķѵľ̫ˡһû׼ûͷַӱˡ
³˳ɣ߱ŵһ֣ˣ
ǰߺȻභһһ˹̰ն䣺ܣǣߣ˵˺ʲôˣΪǻ㣡
һ֣³˺ƤСһԾǰռһǣΧõģ
ǰһЦõãƣҾͷһȻ
Ӱȡһ׽ڵϵӰסĲƬɢ¶ֻѪܵĸ첲ʱͽŵɫҰס
ɭɭһ֮һһʱӵӰѧı̬Цݣɭɭǲ
ⳡ̬Ť֮
ֻμӴԵģι۱̬ģ죬Ƕϱ۰죬һºƣתȾܣ
ƤС˷һǰֻƣе㷢ëĿǶϱۣⶫģ
ǰԼģЦģ
һ٣ܿһۣɣ
Ĭ˰ᣬһƮ⡰ϱۡһ£֪ǿЦǱЦôôֵС
̧ͷ˵õģȻϢڽǰй¶ȥŽָʹΪǳͷ
ɫ΢䣬һ¶Ӱ
취̫ˣˣϱߵѪôģ
߸档ǰѪûװ˷ѣ

ԴɽУʱʱһ걻Ӵ˳֡
һɽԾ۳ٸһ۷羰ͤ
һòῡӶߴȥＸ䣬ʧЦŶȤ¶ǵҪ˺ִ˵˵
ɷĽϳߣ̸ͣл˵
̸ָͣʹöʮѹƱõĹؼ
Ľϳ˱ָʹ̹˵¶֪λָʹƢԸߣ˾ݣȴʵڲһʺϵͷӡ
֪ʮǰ졣ǽϳָʹʮ̸͵£һת
ÿһεϴԣӣһ޴£ָʹٹ۲졣
̸ȻЦγһȤˣƭΣαһֻٸ첲թƭȻҲ˲ٺƣ
СӾȻв໤˲Ҫй¶Ϣ̸绶ִЦ
ֻ῿ƭģʲôϢϳڣ
һԱڹٳĬթƭǼֱ˲ڽϳȻûϢɼûԴͷʵھָʹ
̸ЦЦǿδأҵǸ˲šԸ⣬øá
ǱõˣҲֻڱãϳĮľܾ
̸һЦ֮


009 ֣һĿɽ
ʱͷβĳ嶯սҡ
һμӵ꣬д붼̭ˡʣķ࣬ʱսټңȴиıƴ
⼸ʱͷģģܣԬԨԼǳСŶӡ
һǿ̹ˣֱײɱԬԨûĴ̿ͣƾͷ
ǳǿ£꣬Ŷɨǧ
УΪģΪ׵ܡûи˹Уǿһ·թƭģ֪˲ٵĺơ
̭ԽԽ࣬ս½أùԱԳпҪ˵ǵҲвǴӴ߳ء
̸翴ȥЦ֪ͬҹŮӦþδԵǿˡϢΪȺм޵ˡ
ǫѷг̸˿佱ΣԬ˼ҵİԨҲίʵʹˡ
ֻϧʽ䣡̸ϧԣͷֻ¾ʽˡ
ϳЦߡ꣬Ǳõ߼СӣҲʽ䣡δԣͷġ
Ƶһۿȥ̸ºһЦûне˼ҲǣʮĴͷժ¡ˮҲֵˣ
֪ΪΣϳͱ˵Ӯ˿ͷ棬ȴ˿ûʤĿС
̸绰һתһּĴԷЦ˵ִ˾ңѳɾ̸֮࣬࣬ĳ˾ִ˵ˣ
ԷЦüëһߣл̸ˣ
ϳɫһŭӺŵһۣŶִ˳ɾˣ˲õĳɾͰ
þ֪Ϣ

ָʹͷͬʱ
±ϣ٩٩̸ֵܣ㿴ǶǱõģͼʲô޷Ǿǰ;޷Ǿѹһͷ
߿ٵʩչ˶һת˼λֵ㿴ܲҵģִ򲻹ǡ
˷ʱһõô죿
˵ǰ;ܲμӴԵģˡֵˣôҲռһϯɣڱȻҲܻӦ
һƵĶ죬ϵؽֻƣ˵
ߴϲͬΪֵܣ壬ҵĻڶãǿסȥõСȫ
ⱱɫıߣߣǶ֪Сˣ˺󣬾Ȼôһͷ
Ŀޱڳļ໤ߣ
̲ס߸裡
ס̭̫Ӧˣʵ鲻Խ
·ߺȻʵһʱˣ
³˼ǵá
ţߺ޾İѡϱۡľһӣƤСĺ³˴ʧɫ÷ֱôܶأ
Ѿûˡ߽ͣѾ̭ʣѾܽӽʤˣᱻ˵ġ
³˺ƤСĻȻ˼μӵһ࣬ҹڻʣ´Լɡ
һ͹εСǿӼѧ㣬Ӧû߳ҵĺƣἯСǿϡ
ˣƣ
Ҽǵãжʮһֻƣ³˼ǵá
ζֻҪû⣬ܱؽ񡣰ߵ㣬ʱֻƣӦþˡ
߿ˣˣǵӦһϯôҪҪһѣ
ȫϯ£ǾԲܷǡģ
ƤСĺٺֱЦΪʲô˵ģѵüز
ʼ磺ôҾҪʼˣ
¶˼ԣ
ĸĻصţȻԵã̼Щزصǡ

һ·ļ໤ˣɫŹޱȵĽǰ˵ǣ½֪ǰȡսˡ
ĩˣõļ໤ԥֵܣָʹˣΪСӣδķ֣
ϻ۵꣬ҲûֻǣСֽƻƣܳƤƭթˣ̫໤ûĸо
ս̸ͨ缸ˣһ̸ֱЦʯ̸磬Ƥȷ־̾
̸δϲСӣȻȷޱߺ档
໤˶ߵȻȱһҲ̸Ȥһ
ƭթϵʮֻơһ̣ķʽʵõЩκ׽
һ뱱ãһΧܵС壬ͱȻӴ˵£ɿʵڲһóġ
̸翴ùԱÿһˣȴɵ
ΪÿһδԽЩܻԾ᲻ԾĵС塣òųֳСĴڣΪǵи߼ţкܶ඼ɲ֡
Щ߹ǰԾǣһ·ǱѪе´ԣСĳΡ
֪
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ʮö˾֣һ˷ѣҲ޷֤
ͷǰߵġƤСĺ³һ㣬û飬ŭĿ졣
һ࣬ƤСİʵ֮³ΪսͲ
³˷ֺˣ˵òƤСӢͱСӦ
³ãðɣϯ㣬ұСһ꣡еǻᡣ
ϣӣţھ͵ȴԽû취˼һͣٶٶԵĵ䷶
δ䣬ĺŽǱ졣Խ
໤˴Ӱ߳Сǣ߰ɣԽ
һߣһ߸пһʵ̫̼̫棬̫ˡ
໤С˱֣سһﰡ

ǣ½ɽ߳
ϦĹɽҰϣ·һ㰵ɫĵ̺
һֱûʲôĽϳ¶οɫٲҲ֪ЩǱõδǱƵδ
ܰȻڣڣͷԣֻٸԶǲ׵꾫Ӣˡ
Ȼ̸΢ЦĿ̭İɨһۣЩҲδؾûкӡ
ߣȥλָʹһ¡
ѱ̭꣬ͷɥģμİúѡڶѰ̭ԼˣŭĿӣֻ
һƬյأǵŭĿɧУǻش
˫ĽĿͶʤߣʤ߾һֻֻսʤеС޲ҫŻӣͦص߳վ롣
ԱöСӣ
һöСòһֱŰɡ
ǳʮöɵƯȥ
Ƶˣסķǡôĵ˾ɥѿҲ˷ܡ
̸ͽϳôСԱĬĹ۲ÿһڵı֪֡ʽǰһССԡ
ģΪȷҪòֻжҪ󣬸ܵĽ֮ϡ
ǼΪ佫ʵۺ;ԺĻŵǿҪء
һֱڵĺ٣Ҳֻʮˣ
ԬԨʮöСƯ֮
ʽ䣬öɼ治
ͯľɭöΪֱǳ衣
ΪСǿ֮һͯľɭֻɼѹֵ˵͵ۡľȻҧͷ£۵гкһĨ⣡
̸ȴСԱԾһ񣬽͸ǽδԷͷĺСˡ
ĵֺ࣬ŭ߰ᣬס壬ĬĬԵ롭̭У
ô£ʲôھѿڣСԱĵ׵ʡ
Ƥ£ʮö
³ˣʮö
̧ͷĿת¶һЦ⣺ɵúã˼϶һǿסһ㡣
СԱͷϷˣ


015 ףѪ
ߣڷתĴѺƿûˡ
̿ˮһ£̧ͷߣʮö
㣡ĵ׾죬벻һǡۣǴʷѪУҲ˵Ǹͷ
µĺƣûһöͨսƫƫСˣŹ֡
ȫðľƵģʼ磬Цۺìأ
˻ȥǳȻչһЩ㴽һЩһĶءԺҪֱΪϱˣҺڴ´λ㡣
Ҫ˵úǸƵģѲһۣǲ޲Ŀ⣬ʱơ
˷治ǿƤӾܰ쵽ģôҲóѣ˵˶֪˺սˣ˷
⣬ʽ¶ϵЦȷñȴҶãӮӮҶ
ͯľɭ޺޵ãʲô˲ġб²
ͯľɭˡΪ̫ˣҲ֪ǳʲô˼ͶƵʱܱ˵һֱڡк
ЦЦĿĴѲһ
ЩӵܣʿӵܣеͲʿӵܣ¼ԱӵܣҲи߹ӵܡ
òϣи߼Աֽͥ꣬ΪɫԴƽؽܵѬգԱӵܱȽϳ죬СǿͶǸ߹ӵܡ
ܵĸףҲڱ¼Ա
ƩǳҫԱͬһЩҫ̫Ҳվġ
߰˼ͷںܶﶼʵѳʸ֮ˡ
Ӧ뷨Ƶģʱĳλͻأ޵Ĵ󺰣ҲԹ涨߷ɱ˶˼ԣΪʲôͷ
꾫񣬲˶ƵʣΪʲôɱˣȴû¡Ȼʻ޶󺰳
ƤСĺ³˶ʱŭյģҾ֪ţСһӾôУԼòҲ˼õ
ȻԵãûһ˿š
̸˻һۣɧѣּߵɫһЦȵ˭ô룿վ
Ǽɧţһηվ
һᣬûվϳĴǰܺãվٻе㵨ûӭԶҼס
ǲҪԼ˵Ļ쵰ǼޣҪסǱҪݼתΪεķܶ
ҹ¼ãʿĮĽקߣ
ϳϵ죬ֱ飬һϯעҪôһпΪĺ£һ

½ĿļʺĽУ̨ȡ
Ϊ֮ǰķ粨ʱЩỊ̆һҵĻ侲
ֻǣȻףɱ˵£ôģҲֻǳҫӵܣһЩ
һǺݺݵɱԴѪȥ
ʮȡʱùԱѡ˳򡣴öˣһֱĵĹ
Ϊÿһòμӵͬ˹һЩҪоĵط
ѡеѡ㣬һһֵĵѡȵ˵ģһδԵʤߡ
δͷǱӵܣζţǱӮôԡ
½ϳôϲߣǲòϣթСһΪôʧȥʮһκʤ
һ˵ͷڵһ־ͱߵˡȻҲǾԣʱҲ⣬Ҳᳬ֡
ŹԱߴƵģŮˣ㡭
תʲô԰ʲô
ʼ磬սװǿ˵ŮˣҪСлģû㣬Һҵֵܣ
ĵƣ߾òҪ̼ˣȻӵĿ̱
ķɫһߣûôˣ㻹֪ءװҾˣսͲˡ
ʼ磺ǵĹڣǲˣ
룡񱻲β͵èҧҸĶԹһûûˣ
ͷۣһֻŮ˲Ż˵ûûˡ
ʱùԱĸɢȻվĿѲӰ죬߱Ӱϡ
֪жʧǸСӣ
Աɫһ٣һֵĵһλߣ
ģ
һʱȺ黩Ȼ

ģ
ңĴ㵣ʶؿһۣͷǵһߣǾҪˡ
ԵİͷǲСͷͲó˶ָ֪ͬȸ߹٣Щλָʹ
ͷҲδڸǵһߵĹâ
һУζţõˡ
ͷǵһеģȻܴӰٶӱѶȣһժͷģɫģҲǽϷġ
ÿεͷһСΣͷһΡ
ʵΪЩĺ˷Լʷֱӵͷء
ĵֱ
ȷźģȻȺ꣬˸߲ҵĺƵĻ죡
ƤСĺ³޲һаٵĸɷЩһһйͷŭ
ȻĲ꣬ҪĵıùԱһеޱȴ𾪡ǰ̸ùԱı֣Ϊߣôᣡ
顣
ùԱæҵĴһߣԬԨ
½ϳϲߣҲòϿµרҵ߱Ҳǰֵ
̸һۣѲһȦһ棡
һЩԱһ˾дѾ͹ˣˣǶ档ܻܲɣ
ģ̸ʵ̫пˣͣһûֵҲ˵Ӿӡ
ùԱԵʣҲ˾ԬԨ
ǵģǾǵԬԨ
̸絭һЦʾѡ
ʽ䣡
ҫ


016 ѡֲ
һֵĵ
ֹȥߵһֱûб㵽ƤСĺ³˶ûб㵽
ĻȻóĬͬ顣
ûбУ԰ͷѾĪˡˣȻУʷĵһΡ
ֵĳ棬ǣҲеŹ֡
߲ˬĿɨȥҪͷˣ֪Ҳǵһ־ǵףαҵֵܣ
ƤСĺ³ˣһǴϯһʮûб㣬Ҳһѿ
Ĳ֪ΪΣܾԼ˱ߵʱŵһԣʵΪΣ
֣ƤСĵֱýг
ЦڹǶ˼ԵһѡСΪ˭֪
ſɣ˭߰ƤͰˣһң֣
ھ֣³˱õߣ
ƽɣȺ׳Ѿˣ
ʱ缸˵ȷѾоЩԾˡȡֿ˿ߵ֮һָо֮
ʮ֣õվĿһ٣ޱĴ
ߣ
İмˣýƻãԭǴѺĺһߡýթ
ǰĸоˣҪߣαذƤСĺ³˵ߣ
һʼþͰߺˣߵˡ
̸һ΢Цվϳͷ¥һ䣬ת뿪
ԣȴ裡
ľʼ磺õ˲׳գֻǵԣ
ĸ׾Ǳø߹٣
ĺȻԼԵĲһС꣬һ֣Ĵһʼ֪ˣ
ѣޱ飬۵΢˸Уģѵġ
֪ΪΣߵֱһ̣в֪궼һ
ΪʮֲűУѾʷ˵ˣЩͬ顣
¥ĬȻ߶ߵ͵̸ָʹתһ仰
Ȼܻ졣Ʒǰ̣ȥ˱
߼ˬؿ̸һƱùԱҶˣνƫðƤҲŶˣ
ãȥġû꣡

ǰȥñ
һϢĲۺͷ粨
עһδԣؽݳΪ˴ЦĻ⡣
ʷѪеİͷͬʱҲʷϵͷ⣬ѾܳΪδһµ黰ˡ
ƤСĺ³һ·Ϊ߶֣ʱȻʱգǰοҲûʲôá
һ··ؾǣĸһԸŮ
ĩˣЦǣСߣﵽ򣬻һЩ·̣Сġ죬ҪСģ
ߵлߣԶԶĵʣǼ£û˵
˵Ҫҵ֪ˡ
˿ߣļæֱ棺ҵĳһԱĪҪ룡
СĽ̸ôù硣ЦеվڳſڣЦЦ˼
Ƥˣߣ߻һлתߣһǡܱҵֵ°£뱨Ǿ·أ
±±ҧ
ȷǷ΢Цаأ
ߵʱȻʣģô
һýŵŧĻ쵰ĺްԼıŮŮۣһӣ

Ӿ·̣УҪһЩʱ䡣
ڹٵȻ·סаοƮƤˣΪѹˡ
ʲôûһⶪһѪ㿴ȡЦΣҲ󡣡
ȻƲ֣ûޣ˺ˣʵǱȽҵģֻǲ֪ЩȡЦңǷĶҲ֪
Լ²һ˵ƤСĺ³˰ŰɣȻ˺ܶ࣡
³˰죬ţѹǱһֱá
û˵ˣϱʵеԩöãǴ󻷾ġûսû̫սвıô죡
ȥҲŲʲôñá˦ЩƲ⡣
ǰ߾ˣǿ쵽ˡҵ϶벻ǴϯҾƷĹˣͱҵ˰뼶
ƤС˷ܲѣ³һԲģȫģȻϯӦҵģ
ȥȥȥëûСƤСĴЦģ³˵Ŀǣ³˴
икü·Ϣк·£裡
§סˣѹס˼ס˵죺Ȼ˵
һŶһ߹ϣ
ƤСһۿȥʹ˼£ֱĲŷ·ʲôһԵ³˱ˡ
һɫɿ֣ƤСĳԾѣߣǷˣʱͻƵģ
浶󺺱ܣʱץ𵶣ֱˣǻҪ·
ǰкܳһ·
кȻŷޱ׹⣬ѵϳʣɷ֮·ѵһĺɨ
־ڱصãҲǱȻεľɱ
ͣ
һԴ죬ǴѪޱ
׼ȲߣҲƤСĺ³ˡȻеһ
׼ĶƷɶң۳׹⣺ƾǼҲɱҶӣɱ㣡
оȻϣ
׵ĵöǹÿĽ
һ¿ӣŲ˿ײеĻ棬΢Ц˵


017 װȥ
һӣЦţ
£ǱѪȾðأһŹȥ׼
⾰̫ˡ
һͷ󺺵ʬ¡
һ󺺵Դһֻǹͱ˸ԴϰգѪǹͷͷðһСء
һ󺺳ֵ󣬲֪ʱϣδһ㡣˺üϢ£Ȼ߰˵˿ڣǺһĺߣۣ
üײа
ƤСĺ³ҲƲס˷ܴУ̣壬壬Ũ磬үүô
ûޣקסˣ
Ȼǳһڲ裺ûϵһܺ棬ɱ֮ǰҲ֪
ߵһջ꣬һ߿һվűѬڵҿ֪һС
ƤСĺ³˻Ȼ򣬼ߣѹְ˵㣬ûһͬУ
ЦЦʽлʽЦŰڰ֡
žžžӺĶߣƲѣȻһ꣬ض־ǿڴֶΣŶδص֣
ߺȻ꣺ûʲôֻǱȱ˸ϧԼС
ӴޣԼģôϧΪ
߼󣺡û취һһΣ֪ζء
Ӻؿ֪Ӧ棡
ҪЦЦʵʱһԵˣûԵģ
̾˿ˣҲǴ֣Ҳ˼ɱ㡣ȻˣһӵҲؽ
Ϊĺǰװƣ
װ£ңģ
ӺƷζװһʣɴЦԼ֪ǽɽˣסҵ֡
߲ͷ˭ںðˣֻ֪ɽΪ㣬һ鷳ˣ
ҷģ

ӼѪûΣȻʵ֪Ļ𺳵û˻ΡȻø̸߽ȡ裬ɴתͷϵˣ
磬һȣ˭ף죡
֪һϼ˵е㷢ڣͷҲһأߣߣ
߲ˣ
ŵһɲ֮䣬ʧȥװеӰ
ٶȡһ޲ñϵѪ㲻ף㲻ҶҲûҿ죡
ȻȤҲĲɱɶּȻίˣҾͱضΪ
ɫ䣬Ͼ֪ʱһȦѪ顣
ֵһ˫üëһʣŨĿ콣Ϳ첻ǳ˴룬оѾһѪ
ȻֻдֲŸװƣ֪ǿ⼸λپ磡
Цƽ֪ٱҸĸ֣ĳãƾŻǣǵĽɣ
Ȼ񣬿һǲɱ㡣ЦЦǲڶֵίУ
ҲŻǣֻ֪ǣСɱˣ
ԣǶҹ
ƮƮ̧һ壬һ£˵ķ·ըըޱߵĳϤɶʮף
羳
̧ۿȥŵЦᣬǣ
ʱԭزĳܣֻһֱϴүڵ˰ûһӵˣ׷ɱ˼ҼߵĵҪء
滳̫ŵ߶үŷڵĿˮһһ͵
Ȼֻһŷ׵࣬ӻǵһ֮࣡
Ŀɿڴؿƽʱֻɹ̫ү
үץץΪͷǲɡǲ֪ôһࡣСǺúӣҪҾʹ㣡
㣡
ŭŷ׳ױ󣬴úƹǣһӶͷ
ӱȣս壬ݺᣡԣҵ
ĽһͽݻٳɻһңȴֻĹһЩ㱻һշɣ
ߴľݺ̿ˮ
һѪ磬ŭ쳣ɣǾ¶
³˵Ĵ󲽹ȥڰ֣ǲ֪ʲôϣĻСӣȻ̫ұɣ̫Ŷֵʱ򣬶û˸ô˵
һȥʹ£ǿȻʼã
ˣ³ˣ̣
³ĿɿڴĴ͵ͷ߿ǸȫƤõļһˣӽҸ磬׸磡
ƤСķͷ
Ȼϵ˷·˰ɫ⾰󲢲ϸɴϵ߹ȥűӿǼһ
³Це߹ֱܵģѾˣһ㲻ˣ
ҵƤСƤһˡ
үС³ҪŻЩˣӶˡ
³㬲ѣСˣҲŶû涾ˣ
ƤСĵһưѶѣߵСƳȥϧˣǴ⣬ûôó
üëЦЩʯңǼһ羳һûˡ
ƤӲ羳ܴü£Ϊǲ
ǵǡϧϧҴĻ͵ˡ
߿ɥݵģְģסڱģһЩʲô˰
Ǳôͳؾһͳסģδжô˵õΪΪúͱ󹦵ģôһȺˣм򵥵ģ
³˵ģ羳Ρһݵû׹֣˵羳ǿĲڶЩֶġ
һȺһ·ִߣ߰ſʽϣֵܣһѣе


018 Ᵽ
Ϊ˻ܴμӴԻԻͶ飬ǱҼһһһ
ȻûἰǸ֮ĵʮ֡
ܽҪãһЩȻ΢ʣɴҲûôϡ
ڰʱ򱣳ԡû߳ǰûʲôһ߳ȥŷ֣˵úܷգôʵӷա
ڲһСϵͳղЩȻӰһЩ˵ĸ̸߲֪Ϊλ΢ԡ
Ǳõĵءбõһ죬б˼ΪЧ
µķչȻɲ䡣ӱ׳һ𣬱ʸ⣬ʣµĶѾˡ
߹֣һҹ
һӰͻأسڴߡ
壬ˣһӴϴһ˫峺ҹɫз⣺Ҳ֪вʣ
ȣ㲻Ǵ㺦ңһ֧
ȹϲͷü˽Σ
ͻȻЦˣԷ½
ҴӺڰ˫ɷģʱǴӽɽײϣ˳ֶջһ٣һ㲻ڱƻͻȻ֣
۲ĬȻʵĵڶ£˺ڰ˫ɷԼ˼ɱңδ㵣ĵ⣡
˼ԣü罣ߵĲ̬Ȳ⣺˵
߽ϵϸڴ嶼˵ˡ
˼Ӳһ裬һЩȣЦ⣺ˣǰûϸģ
˺Щ仯ҲϸˣҲ֪οǸáҡҡͷ
δµĶ֣ǻɰɣ
ԣڰ˫ɷһλ¶ʽ⣬Ϸ˭̵ģ
ȻһЦЦ
ƾڵͷԣӦ֪Ҫ

ڵҹݵĳš
ҪߵƺһЩ
⣬ü㲻ǣʲôΣգվ󣡡
һ峺壬Ϊ档ʲôΪܷùõһǿ߽ϳ
ҡʧЦƾʵ棺ϳùԱǿǵһ
ˣ㻹֪ʲô
ţң´
áһЦһӦս飡ȥɡ
֪ΪִҪֻʺϵĵط
׮£һᴦҵĺϢ
һϯ꣬ûӰ
ĬȻ˼ʱޱߴµͷôСĴôȥ磿
˯ˡȻϲŨɩζ㣡
һӰһ˿Ϣһ˿¶ȵĬ⡣ԣȻһЦȻ˺䣬һֱȤĺӣ
Ƿ綼δһƣӰûڰ

Ӧˡ
ҪνСүвоˡ
ˣʲôʺϵĵطãҿ
ɣ۾峺ؿ컨壺˼Ļشλν̸Ȼ˿ڷ粻©Ψһһμ©ס
©֮ò棬һʵĽϳ
λشʱĿǣԼһ˿Ʋϵ˼
л֪ϳΪƣӦҲϺŵǿˡȻƲˡ
ʲôǾҲľ硣
Ƥ͹ǣ׽Ѫϴ裬ʿž
ڲǷڣ⣬ܷӵսѪڡ
ս飬ȻǲСֱء˼ֻʢսı
ս飬һӵеһֻս˵Ǽֱˡ
Ҫ֪ڲֻôһλͼս顣
Եİ׽֮һҲֻһֻϽս顣ֻװûս飬Ի

һˣ
ɫ΢ʽȥζ߶һ󺹣˵ĳܻ
һ峿Ľַкһߴ£ɩӣһˡ
֪ءѾ׼ˣϲϹءŨɩӵӸڴ
ͥԺһͰˮ׼Դ۴Ŷͷ¡ȫڣ̫ˬˡʽ䣬ԣ
ʽ䲻Ϊ˱ţȻϲֱŵ̬ˣˬ
ѧߣҲһ£ָоÿһϸɱ׹ƵɤŴ죺ˬ
ȿֺܵڣߴУŨ磬ɩӣˣҪһͰأ
ŨЦ
Ҳһ̬ءͷڴ༸¾Ϳˣ̧ͷеɬʽ䣺Ͻ
ŨҲȻһᱻС꣬ڶˡ
ʽ俴߼Դں󣬺ȻԼǲҪˣ
꼸룬㣬Ƶİ̸糿ɩϹ࣬ҦŹǣϺ³ŰǹӰ
ءһ亰Ĵںţеš
Ũɩֵһ£ߣҪ֡
ЦЦȻŨ磬첻ȥϰࣿ
˼١ŨȡĥʯǱûôⱵˣôҲýȥá
Կء
ͷܵˡ
˼һת˼Ũ磬ܷŪһЩ
ʯǣľ̿ԽԽãԽԽã
ˣˡ
һһ·߼ңµ壬ɱסͨұĵ·⡣
̫ˣôĵӣ


019 һ˭
Ƶ£Ϯչ
ʿĽ̸ţЦţһͨҪϡ
ϵˣ޲ɫء
ǱΨһбõĵطҲΨһ׷ϲĵطһֻϴͳٹӡ
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ܵؿǰ;ʿ˼ۣоɢµǿţǹȻǿ
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ʼ磬ʲôȥأٻ壬ǷϹ
ٻɫһȻδҪҵȷҪϸڴˣСҪҪҸ飿

ǰĽ˾ɥǲй̽ӣǿŵøڴӵΪƺҲûйع涨ôɡ
ʱ˵ΪǺϷġûиϼǰΪ֧ӵľԣؽִȥ
Ϊ֪ĻԻͣ߷û˼븺ǲΪ֮Աǡ
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Σ˻˭أ
ʥǵеսʼʣٲȻһҲ


߷ر·ϣһ䣡
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ֻһЩҲ߰Ѫڣĳȣ
ĺǿȻĶȻһ֧ǿٸҲҶ֣鷳ٺܶܶࡣ
ߺȻһЩϵǾ仰ˣ
ΪһֲοǣԲҪ
һߣΨһӦŵģģֻ
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ʵǰһЩȽİĵ
֮ǰûоµˣҲзӦҲͲ֪ʲôǶʲôǴøоĻᡣ
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Ҳᣬ˵Ѫ˭ܱ߸ʢ
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ǣ߱ͭȥĳսոսʿľĴ㣬ҲաΪˣҲֻܸ塣
ҪǣͭԾշΧ޴󣬶޵úܡȻߵΪˣ˶ˣΧȻ
Ŀǰ˵ֵһᡣ

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021 ʯǣһ
ĿɬС徳
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Ƕ汻УˣβȡֻһͲǼͷУԴ䱬ˡ
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ͿסͨıƺԼܵѹֵĿ񱩸С
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һȺ꣬ĺҦԼʽ䣬һˡһƳ
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߶䰮ֻǵһرնѣĺС

ڼʿġ͡£һ·ȻԵõֱǡ
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ƤСǴ񾭵ģҲˣǾͳԵɡ

ߵ˾ȵ׼ʱ
Ũɩķˣһֱû߱ĳڣ;ùˡ
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ڱùУ蹷Ȼ⡣λǱʷε
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Ǳķ蹷һֱƾùҲԲ²ɱ¾ְΪǷ蹷ǲĺǡ
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Ů˽ӴѧһЩʡãΣȴСһЩĶɡ

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024 ŵȼյ
СҪθˡ
һͨʱĳЩ˵ĶС
ߣǹȥҲ֪ˣּʯͷΪк档
ǶߵΪȤҲǴĶһ׮ͷβԵúܿЦĹȤ
ⴿõײⴿǴԵĺôһϢȹٵľǣӴĹȺУǲȱġ
һЩΧ۵һЦЦǿЦǿЦģ˭˭Ƕû϶ͽЦ
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Ʃ磬κ̽ӣ⼸ڴгͷͺа顣
һǰἰø߹٣ָʹдԲμӰ
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027 ƪѨ
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ǣʽĿԣĵķŭУ޳ܵĽӣ˰ͷţ⣬ʹ̤Ϲ̡
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͵һƾڣ仰جƵģסԺ̻ȥ
Լʲô

õı׼ʿƷǺɫװһһΪɫ
õı׼ʿƷȴȻ෴ǰɫӽɫһɫ
ӦǸϵһҲ൱ʽĵǼᡣ
Һæ
̸һѵľ̧ͷһۣȥ죬ҵĻƷˣ£ٻ֮Ρ
߶˵ֱ£ƷȻɵ֣˼ҶҪƴء
˴ȥһǼᣬĴǰĺʽͷ֪̣һ·ͺͽܡ
ĴǷǵ͵ѵΪﲻѵ񣬻ָղ˴ѧ伮˵һͲʮˣѵ
ȻԴóԱҪ뿴Щѧ伮ƱҪһ
ˡһᣬòҪĴǰΪĴóΪѵ͵͵˵ҶҪĴͷǿѵˡ
ǱãҲһġ
Цˡ벻þȻ

ѵأ⼸ʮһȺƨɵ¿ոһټĻط䡣
һӦȫƣߺ֪ܿԭˡ
һһƻʿɱЩЩԼȼٵһϳ
ԱĴµ꣬ǽǵѵ׼ؼң׼׼͵׼Υ涨׼ΥϹ
ѹϵһӵı״
㣬ָܲһ꣺ǱһéӣҪڹȥȥȻ󣬻
϶û뵽ԼһҪ㷢ܹϵɴۣ˼飬һʻġҵɵϰɡ
ܲ첻ϻһָԱߵʿ˸߲ҵקСӣѹĵűӾһͨᡣ
ԱǹǺ⼸ʮȻĻңԼ²ǲμ˹Űɣ
һܲ쿴ƱеĲɢˣȥǷѵγ̱ҪھԼǱ
ߣĸ£


029 
û˵ǸܺȻԾ
ܲĿѲӰ죺ĸǱӵܣƷĹҲһԸǣҲǣֻǸϸ񡣡
ŶӦ
Ҳ¸㣬Ҳϲ㡣ܲ¶ӺͲˬʸˬƷ֮Σʹòһεѵ
һѵģǰٻĴ꣬аٻҲѡβУҲƷûдƷǵѹסġ
ܺܵ͵ߺܿԽ󣬵һϾ쵽Ʒˡ
֪㣬Ϊͷ˲ãһ·ӣƨǡ
գգۣܲһΪ죺ûǰһЩ츳˺ƨ硣Ƥº³˶ǿ㣬һʱأ
ûǴÿֻһʱ
ܲ˦˦ӣתһһĴͷһְ취ʰ㡣
ˣʲôûû˵һô
ã
궼ĿһĻ˴󺰳ĵ׵ĲޣɣƾʲôͷǸٻ
һʮֶѡǵ˭ǿ
ܶʼնժ´ͷĻԹء
˸УƤˣǵȺڻ̫ˡ⼸ҪˣȻ浣ĸ챻Դ򡣡
Ƥ˴󷭰ۣ˼ǲòá
ţǱġΪȻԱʽһ˫֣ȻӦҡ

ѵһӰģûôšҪǵרҵܣԼʵսԵΪɱΪˡ
һѵأһƱ꣬һѵ
·ֽѵģһЩͨˣƩƣԼؤ˺֮һ˽ܵǼ򵥵ѵǼ򵥵ıж
ҲΪ̾⵱Ȼûһִ鱨֯רҵɱƺҪרҵ˲١
ѧڣؼʦˮ׼ӻ𣬰ÿһÿһʽ⣬ô̵ȵһĽ⡣
òϣЩӣǷɿļȡѧսһЩĻ֪ʶΪûǣֻЩѧڿΣʵսҲԱǰǿˡ
ȻĿγڴĿγˡ
ս飡

պһڳսγ̣Цӵսġһʦ
ǲ֪ʦʲôģ󲿷˶Ҫ֪ҲûҪ֪ǵУʺʦ˵һΪӡ
ʦȥЦ⣺Ҹǰʱӣʱս׺Ͷȡ
ƴϢ˰ʱ
ʦѾԵĹ׼ãһУˣߣǰͷȲ⣡
һֱãΪûռս׺ͶȵĲԣԱѡš
ʱˡ
Ժ飬רҵռԡۿδʦӱȡСƿĵһϸɳ״ĩ롣
ĩ͸ʢˮȳơʦŵѪ
ʮŵؿţԵѪ峺ˮѪǽһ˿˿ɫ
ʦԾѣȡһ״ĹߣԼһ򵥵ͼ¡ͼ¼򵥵մȾһЩɰ֮ϣ£
һۿĿڵͼʦ۾һͼһ¸ϡ
ȻʦһԲؿһͼ֪ʹʲôӣӱͷųһֻɫս飬Ǹʱͼ
ʱһɢɫ΢ʱͼŷ
ɫһӾͱˣиǻȻɧ
ʦޱĴߣս׺Ͷǣȡ

ͷӸ˵ıһ۳ǲǺ㣿
ĬȻ
ΪɫɫֻܳӢս飬һֻֻܳս顣βԣΪȷս
׺ͶȣСһǾšڣ׺Ͷж㣬ͷ
ߵ׺ͶһֻһȣһȣȫûҪҲȥӵս顣˲дһ׺Ͷȡ
ж٣Ϊ֤ġ
ʮߣŻһս顣
ʦһۣϧѣרŸܶ궼˶š
һȺںߣһʼɧʹЦƺǻˡ
߾ͷ̫ˣ˲𰡣
һȻÿҪȺȺӣ;˸СΪʲôЩСһֱǷأΪʲôͲϵķأ
˭һֱı֣ЩʻĴ
ȻԵõԶˣ˼˼أ
ûӢս飬ôԨأλӢǿһ
׺Ͷⶫûû塣
ǳĶȡ
ǳԵòôˣЦЦؿһۡ
꣬ôңţ̾ǿƣ
ǳͯľɭһĶȣһɲôòֱƣҳ飡


030 ɣ·
ʦһ߲⣬һ渵ص֪ʶ
Ŷ׺ͣڴ˵еģΪʦһ壬Ҳû˵Ŷ׺֪͡߶׺ѾΪǼˡ
ǲǺĽ߶ȣû塣ʦȻЦ߶׺͵壬Ҳܵõ˼ͨս顣ȻУͨսҲΪЧ
ԭɺܼ򵥣սһﵽۼǾζǡͨսֶеúˣͨ˼֮һͨ˸ǻۡ
˼ͨս飬൱񻯼֡˵ŪУӵ֮ǰ˼Ұ˼ͨսŪˡ
ˣʱ˵׺Ⱥ׺߶ȣûֱ̫ġҲֻܺƵһֻս顣
氡ȼհ֪ʲôһʫɣôҲ߼սɣ
ΪеսۣʼôҲܵڰ˼ͨɣ

ʦļĪҪΪսԽԽãǰĺôУһսﵽۼϣ͸Ϊս鸶ʱˡ
սԺսͶԵˣΪЧҲ跨øǿķǣȻĿͷԡ
⣬ʦȻһȻ󣬲һ˷ܵضʽСȻ׺ͣܺá
һһĲ£ʦе㷢Ƥ£׺ͣ
ƤСĿɿڴƵر³˿񱼹ߵһҡߣȣȣ
ȣơƣ
ҡͷΣ߷ԴΪѸ˲ѡ
³ǰһ⣬׺Ķȡָ׺ͶȣʦжϵģʺϵļӵսȽɣĳ
ߵ׺Ͷȣϸ˵ֻǶȡȣǾе㳬ˡ
ԹһᣬѶϴÿ˶ܳһʦᳫǻ𺦣ϵ⡣
ѽ⣬Ϊʲôմûҳɣ߾ãܸմõйء
߾Ӵ׺ͶȵΣҲҪ⡣
ģʦǱһ٣Ъ˹ʽҡҡ׹
ģ㣬㾹Ȼǡ߶׺ͣ
һӾˡ
ߺٺֱЦȻǸ椣ã

ĵ߶׺ͣһѵطˡǺЩ궼ûг߶׺͵ˡ
һֱû¶Ĵ죬Գ֤ʵѸٽϢôԺ
ʱæڹ̸æգصظ˼ģ֮󣬾СϢƣ̸߳صʱЦ
һСϢݳƽϳдΪһ٣һΪʲôŮ͸ˡ
̫ס߶˵֮Աǣ̸磬Ȼƽʵֲ̣Զ侲Ŀﰡ
ĺЩûƵˣ֪߶׺ͣǷЩʵʩӢɣҲǼΪ
ţ̸ȻûжĸŴΨһľһЩ
ʦ˵˵߶׺ֲƣû˵һﵽžԽͽþ޴
ĵĽܳʣ֮߶׺ͣܲʮܸ꣬ϳһˡ
һίʵһЩͷˣ˸ҸŸɵĽթСֳһšʽ׺ͣԼƤȡ

սС£ߴδϡ
ûôɵ޵Ͷ޵Ǽֱǿɳܵ˷һһʱžͲˡ
˭˭һ칤ʮСʱˣ
пѵصĿ﷦ζʦŶ룬˵ϴβԼ㣬ҾͲ跹˼㣬һҪ¡
ʦסţĿתؿߣնѵ·
˾᲻᣿ˡ
߸ое̬
ԼΪѵ£һ޲΢۲죬ԽԽܣζԵñ̬
̫̫ˣʦ
߿ˣ벻Ҫҵ˵̫ˣǺεȵԩ
涯ˣģȱġ
ʦĿԣãŰĿĿϵͼŲȵ۷Ź⣺˭Ϊƣ
ǲǵʦʦһԴת˰죺ʦҲʦ
죬գĿڵˮ׼
ʦֱˣأ죬ʦǾͺñʦ鹹ģûڹ
켶ʦǿʦǷڽϳǰ˼ҿñǿ׿ˣǾˡ
ʦ죬ƵƵͷȻСӣ벻ͽܣΪһΰʦ
Ҫ֪ûʦսƨǡսߣǣ
ʦȻ̫ˣֻҪ߿ӣǾͿоˡ
ˣʦԽ˵Խûʲô˲õģ̫µߣʦ١һߣͷϣ
Ҫӵһֻս飬ȾҪơս鼶ˣҪΪṩרսˣҪƣҲΪṩҩƷ
ʦܿȹĶʦƻʵʲôԸƽƽ
̾ʦеָѧʵģûжټҹһʵʵڲʲôʦ
ʵʦֿǣû˼һúʲôóըҰ߹ϵĴ˵
ʦ˴˻ܾΪʦ֪ûʦǿҲӵս飬ʦصģû֮һ
ҧ˵ڣ뿪
һһʱ䶼˷ʦٽһǧ궼
ʦ޺޵û꣡һġ
˵


031 뽣һ
̸ţˣ꣬ظ֡ʲô
ˣͯ˷ܴУˣظټ
˵̸綯ݡ
ãȻı·׷黳ĳ˽ӴȻ֮󣬲ʵת֮ǰһ˵ݴֽ
Ǹ˵ĴŴ磬ڱɽظһޡڣ϶Զ֣С
ͯɫһ⣬ĴѾӥ˾ע⣬սˡ
̸̿һʲôӦ
ʸڷϣͷڴǲǿӲΪ֮йأԺΪڱ߾¶ˣ˼þԺжԶԶ
̸ЦˣôɽôͰꣿ
ǣʲôǵ¡ͯĬ£᲻Ǵ
̸¶ЦۣʣʲôֵһģǳԼıĹ𣿡
¥һĴ߱ˣʡֽһ£ٸ֮٣ʮأǳһݣ䡣
£ӹŵûֹֹͣ
̸ɫһ䣬Ӵ󲽷תʴڼڸһ鹩ǰܱ߼ʡХߣץ
һ£ȻͨӲС̸һ߿첽߳һԾ˵ĸЧ˴鹩ڱϵĴСһӦ˵ȫץ󣬸ɱɱùصĹء
ʱפԱ崦פ鱨׼֪ͬ½㡣
崦̳ǰϣȺʱϹԱңºּ֣ܿ崦˸ҰֹԱˡ
ͯסļ¼ÿһ
С̸ͷ֪ᱱã֮ҪҪԱˡ
ȥ¡
һȣˣһĸˣ׷ٰˣʧȥĿټ
̸ɫ䣺һȺʲô
УѾְʧٵԵˡһԷͨϢѾʵĿǰѿסѺ
̸纮˪úãǣѺ־ǵʱҪ֪ȥ
ǸɺҵˣΪʾЧҶΪ͢ЧʵԱƻʵûжģɻңҳϵĵһԶԼ
ˣһɻҵĹȻ˽ͨϢǾԵԻ
һеһУһټ֩Ƴѽѷֵš
̸̧ͷŻɵ죺һ֮ﰡ
ǰһ֮

ʱ˵ûüëһЩ£û߷ϵ
Ʒٻǵ֮мԱĿǰڻؽѵ߷¶ʱϹϵ
Ϊʺӵսʮ꣬½ơ
걾ͨСԣΪӵܾӢҲֻдԼ֮һʺϡʮֻһʺӵս˵ˡ
еʧе˷ܲѡȻܲΪÿһ귢һġʯ
ʯһҪսĶҲ̺ߵòЩһ壬ַɳӵɸһȫ©⡣
һоʯһߴлĵʱ˽֪ᣬʯ֮һ£󲿷˵Ĺ
һԣ˭ͨǾζݣֵ࣬δᵣʵȨְΪĸԱǰ̻ȽϹ
޷ͨģȤƵȵȣ䵽š
ͷˣð߿ʱҪڷһˡȻΪҩľû˼ˡ
ȻʦҩʦҲǱȽŵĹ߻ǾãҪ쵼߼޻һϵøɵ¡
Ǿֻͣڷһˡ

ĳҹ˳ͻΪ
ʵ˵ʱĸоͻƵʱĸоƮƶƵġ
չǣͻϡ
ս鹲֮ĸǵȷɫͻΪڣǶ˵練ƣ˲Ҫ̫Ŷ
һʮ꣬ϴڣΪȻ̫ˡʵǰ̫̰棬ֻʮҲܴﵽˡ
ʹãڷԼս飬һͻƼѰ¡
ƪһЦǸһö
ƪܲ࣬δ֪Ѿ֣ⶫҪþǼо񣬲ֳȻ侲УЧܲ
ĬȻ֪ϹںδΣΣ

ĳء
һɡһལһˣƻȴƬԭϡ
Уһζͽ࣬Ծעҹɫ޷ڸķɣƺԭȺԸ⿿
֮䣬ǲԭ˵ʱ򣬰ĬĬڰ߸ߵĲݵϡ
ģɽǰ㣺ˣ
ɤɳֵͣ˵Ӧúȴ
ˡһȻϢسɽ£أҴӦģҳ֣Ҿͳ֣
˵
벻˭Ϊʬ˿Цл˦úͷӥ˾ˡ
лƺһֱֻ뿴ԣ˵׾
ЦЦʧˣֻһа룡ϴ㿴һС
ڱƣ֪֣֮ԼսΪҳ֣Եʡ
㣬ԣҸȫʬ
γôҪˡ
¡
֪ǽ磬ɲǼ䣬ԭ˺ɷ顣
мɷš
ȻĽõĽ֮
Ҫˣһɫ׵磬һת۴Ӱŷƽ춼նˡ
뽣һһ֮عƽ
ϧֻа뽣Ȼ̾Ϣһ¾ͻȻðѪĽۡ
һҵʼûѧ˴ڴڵشϢ
ĬȻγ·ɣ
ལգɫ׵¹ҫУ˵ɴ޷绯
Ȼ˹Ƶģѿʧǡ
û֪׿ʲô


032 򣬱ܽ
һתۣȻڵӹȥ١
һ߳һĿĺʿһʢĵȻ١
֪ɫ֦Ϲɫͷ׵ʻѵأΨһҲ﷦ζľɫ
ڣҪˡ
һѡһǰʮֻ꣬ʣ´Լʮģȥѵγ̣ΪڼȲ׼
ܺܶ갵ˡšҲϣΪУÿ˵ΪһʵսɱȼܴΪߡ
ڴԵõս飬ʽ䡣֮൱ʯڷܣʽӻѨһԾΪ嵤
޳ɺ⾳ʩչ΢âĳ̶ȡƤͰˣ½ﵽ˾ڡ

ѽɽܵʱһŰ㵸ľҪˤȥ
һһԵĹľУߵըȥһľͷˤļ
ЦУ֪ƭ˰ɣ㣬һѧŸһ㣡Ͻ
һ˴󺧼ˣ߻ֵİγֵܣ̫лǧͱˣأ
ƲϡҧøԸԡ̫թˣ˭֪ʲôʱǼ١
˦һ佣һԵǼΪ֣бˣλöԵˣ˼ء
һ̤ǰʱУҲݣ̫Ƥˡ
һʱ֪ĳһѽˣȻĽƵ˺
ߴ󺰣ܵģ㻹ҪҪ㼸ʱɱˣʱ֧Ԯġ
ܲԾһڰɱ񣬾ȻһСһ仰ƭ˱̫ˣߣôֻ֪̿һ
ߴŭһ£ˣͱң
˶ʱ֪룬ȴһɲµĽɽĴ߽թһЦγڵϵĽһѤõĽ⣡
ۣΪǴãѧһϲͨļһأֻߣΪҡˡѧأ
ߵĽ⣬˵ĺڽɣָŶԷܲƣΣҵĲԳɼɣ
ܲŭ䲻صһۣˬʲôɼƭթ㻹ʲô
ָˣ
ܲȻڣŭ𣺡ߣϹ٣
ҶӣҲǼˣ˦ָߵϴǸͷһٵļƻӦͬģ
ܲɫ࣬Ȼ˵ˣ
ֻ֣һСŻÿ˶ǰ;޵ĸԱǵһǲȫ

ȥһһವ̵İƤƤȲûбϮ
ļ˶ĿתЦ˵ҵԣͨˡ
ƤС˸߲ңǰǰ̫ɺˣһŪһơ
ĳԾؿߣ죺ȻһûŪ࣬һûУôġ
ߵ⣺˵һ仰ȻϮҵˡ
һЩ֪ҸǡȻ⼸ϣҵǿҵİ˵
˵ʵǵ̸磬ݳˡ˵˭ңҲСЬ
У壬̫޳̫ˡ
ΪδùԱ߼˵Ľҵԣǵ˽½еģ겻һֽײŴ洦ɼ
Ȼԣûйܲס˼ս˫šǣҲ
һᣬҴȥ侭һ׵ƤСָǴԶһô
ƤСһѣգգۣͬȥͬȥ

侭ĵһһЩʧ
оصȭָƵȣģϵʽ
𣬺ͷȥڶءβһֱͷϵڶ㣿±᣿
Ľ̸رÿһȨ
һԱȻԼԽɥʧ١İԵ⣬ձϷڵϷһˡ
ڶ˰죬̽ͷʰƤҪʲôѧϽ˼ĸҲ˸м
һΪһЩصľѧ̫ʧˣ̫ˡ߷ȻڵһĽﳭ˰죬û֡
ȥڶ㷭ɨҳȴڽҳƺģƾɷƵҳҲݹˮ൱ģ
߶죬Ȼǽ
һıȻһϤĸоӿͷƣǰ
˳ƪ񣬳Ȼ⡣״̬漫Ϊ˴һ־ĴԵ硣
һȻϤ屾ܽһһЩ֪ǷΪƪЧонƺǱô򵥡
ţ֪ߵһнУ

ߣˣ߲ߣ
³˼˲ͷ϶¥󺰣ĺȻֹһȣƺʲô
ȥһҳƤС֮Աǣһͨʲôģ
Ϊѽ⣬һıȻһÿÿһȥһᣬֻģѪںòܡ
һƷȴһʧȥˡ
߰ɡ˵


033 ְʽǰ
侭ߣܲǵȵĵϣȵýͷö
СӣҾͲˡ
ܲһǷݣǼͷڲӵǱأȺ߳һ̡
ܲȻǼһˣҲѵĵһΪéӡ£Ǳ긹ǧΡ
ҿ²Ƚϰ֣Ȼ͸˽ˡ
峿˼䣬ĨߵĲԳɼԼز⡣ԲԣΪ峿֮Ǿ͸֪ˡ
ȵɫҪˣԿΪ߳
ܲ쾫һ찴סЦǵøСһ̵Ľѵ
ֵΪѵһڣֱ練ֵܲͲţʱðһӰСһæ
ǲһǲһ
ܲһԾ˹ȥ󺰣ǲԣ߿
˭ȲһӰһԥܲЮ⣬ŵâֱȡߣ
ÿ죡߱޿ɱܣ޿ɼܡ
ʱһ綼ڱȻǰнγһܵ䣬Ժֻʣ뽣
ȻʵĸоһУоģһ磬ֱһ̣һоͱܣסǰеĹ켣
뽣
һֲĽ⾹ǳ𣬾罫ڰǿֻʣǻ޾Ľ⣬ʱдŤΪǳ֮ɳ
֮Ҳ֮
ɢʣܲŭȴеƮҶȻıһ߷ɣ
һĽ⣬ܲƤųһͷͷľµڿշȥɢȥ
뽣ֻа뽣
ý֧סһյ壬ܲֱԼ뽣شһƬհף
ļϢãźȻУ⽣̫ˣ
ҴҸʱУ𺳣ֻһͷ̻
ҵǰ㵽׻ʲôжܰ

뽣شܲ£ʱûŪ˾֪
ΪѵĴͷĿʱֵ֪ܲƢԣһʹԼ֪ʲô¡
һ׮£Ī˵ʱв벻Ը׷룬ҲûûƤȥ׷
һߣƷٻһĲţһָ֪ͬϵһʽ䣬һд͵š
ƤСĺ³ˣµıڷҲ㣬ӵݣǵ͵עҪõε꣬ǰ̿ڡ
ˣһǡ
ǣ׮Ҿʹ˲֮ʱв붪߾ҲûҪ̫ӣȻҺôҺã׮עҪû
¿ʱУ඼һЩȻ
ˡк
ʱаһȵߣʵְٻˣʦǰ̹󰡡
Ц˵ЦණҪѧҪء
വţʱк߸£һ̨ԡʽ伸˶һ£ʣһ죬ǿˡĬ³˵λá
ûĹ涨òĵĹǴͬһɫ졣߼˵Ȩ
⣬ʣʮˣϤΪδҲû
δ֪㣬ǳԼͯľɭȴǾ֪½ն˲Ҫμ̨ԣҲɫϾʼߣǵж˫СЬǡ
Цãʵǲصıߣ
һЦУΪһᱻҴߣסǾҵˡ˵ʱͰˡ

̨ңߣ̨º̨ϵ꣬ⲻʹ졣
ƾʲôʵǵߣ̨ϣƾʲôǹ٣ƾʲô
ǲû֮١κ߰ǵһСƨûҲûƽϡ
ԽֵȻĲﲻµ̬ȣеޣµķͣһʱ͵ޱǿңޱȳ嶯
ƾʲǫ̂񿴺ϷƵģǳ˵ʵǹϵģǲǣǷߣߡ
ûЩϣڽһ㽶õЦʱ̨Ͻֵ֮һȻ֣ǹֱָҲ
ģҷƤº³ˣҶܡǹ𣺡Ω㣡ߣҲҽ֣
ܻңҸܡǹ꼥Ц͹Զ㣡
ʱüȴѸٰ
ԩʲôûɣЦһ̸ָʹأѵһȥս¹˻һսأȥѧ¹˷ս
ϴЦˣԼֻһˡ
ǹİʱᣬЦҾ֪㲻ң
ƤСĺ³ɫѿһԾһԾߴȹһذɣ
Ӷǿֲ֮İ뽣ɣǰ뽣ɡ
ǹƶʱһͣҴ򲻹㣬Ҳս㣬ߣ־ͲҪŮ󡣡
ôʲôսˣսɣë£߲ͷװڵʱбȭδˣ
ʱпЦٻΪⲢǻ£֪ʵźð¡
ţָңʱһҲԣȥƤСĺ³̷ŭǰߣϻ˵Ҳ߽֣Ӯ˵
̨ʱȻ̣ƤСģ³ˣǵĺڸˣǲҲ
ʽͰƤ˵ɫѿҲûţ˴Ҳǽʶ˺üꡣ룬Ȼһںߡ
ʽѪһǿ߳Ծ̨ģռǲǰߵĶ֣ȥһ
Сܣѣҵѡ죬ǶҪôͳһӮңҾͷ
Ȱ˵ЧʽԵøһ仰˵һ֪⣬˵ΪǺãĲǰߵĶ֣
߳壺ˡ


034 ȼհɣ
һѹ¸ɧѪкøеģһЩ·Լϣζ桭ٺ٣
ԣһѪͷһǵġʧԺҪˣ¶һЦҴ򣬺˵ûôһҲɣ䣬Ҵְ䣬ҲЬ
ʮУûӵս飬ȴûڷܣʣǿ֮һ
ϲ־ͼͣһһԼ
ãȻսǹǹͷµĺӧ裡
ʽǰص͵ҪһУܲˣ
¶ЦǲΪʲôջûаɣ
£ĳɹǴӷͻΪȻ󿿳ѨһͻΪѨʵս
ȻΪһֱڻصʱڸʲôôĵĻأζʳ;ۡÿʱʱһֱоս
ӴԽһֱڰԼһִ˸һߡѵص£ҪģҲջġ
ڹȥջ񣬾ǴһûսѬյִˣͨסѧϰʵսһͨսߡ
һ̣һ죬Ѿˡ
Ȱת۰ߴֻʣһƬӰ󺧣ÿ
ϡ꣡
ƺߵɶһǹҲƾַƵ֡ڵϣؿߣͬ˹Ƶģ
̨̨µһֱֻϲӵСһĽƵһ˸
Цһ˵Ƕң
㣬㣬㣬㣡ߵָ⣬һһİ˶˲ңһҲ
ôǸɴһϰɣ
߰ɭɭ¶ȺңˣҾ֪ǾһȺ̫඼ѵ
ŭʱһУÿһ
ôƱˣһֱŲңֵҶû徻ôΪҾͲ
ĵ޲Ŀ࣬ĪǷˣ
ЦǲǷŭˣǲΪˣɱңͶˡԹСүȥ磡һһǧСүϡ
ʱɫ䣬߲ɱɣɫɷףԹȥȥ磬ǵǶô̬˰
ĺռŭͨ죬һ߳ȥ
ǵ˺Ƶģ̨µһЩų̆ʹǲ㣡
죬ЦһȺûӵİ׳գǾ͹Թ£СүҿɲҪ
յŭ类ͷ˱ˮƵģ
߹ЦһУʺǣ
ս壬һԴ

һԴ˵һԴ
ʮ̨ϣԻС
İȻĵһáɪɱ
ѽԻţһɫƮ㣬һ΢磬򻨰ͷס
⣬ǡһԴϴδĺ
ѵ˦һָǣ͵ġѧŵ㣬ҪһʱͱɱΡ
˵Ļ꣬һת۱ɱһϯϮÿһꡣ
һʹ֮·׷ʩչѧս飬¡¡ĴӡһԴӳ
ʱеһǣ˼ؼս鼼СصùĽô£
ؿǸˣص˿ںѪȻ࣬룺Ҳ߲Ǹղſô᣿
ߺȻ紺һ΢ЦͰؿǣҺܸ˿Ǵʱ˿̨ϣ
ֻǳЦ¶ŭ
ߴȻⲢǷΪҺܸ˿ǵǵģս׵ķǷ־ĺǻãǱɫˡ
һ٣¶ϧؿ̨µļ꣬˺ɸֵʧ֪жôϣǴʱҲ̨ϣֳ𣿡
ʧˡǼ棬֪ΪΣеһ־޴Ĳ
һ̾ǳֳɫʵʧ
Ȼ΢Цţ̨ϵ˵ͨҵĲԡӺǽһ𣬲Ϊ˴˶ս
ǺȻһϲ䣬ƺһ;ñһĪУͦš
һһֱǣһȷģͨʤĵ·
߳Ŀ⣬ÿɨΪǴһ
ȻĿɿڴʱգգۣΣǺͬ־һص߰ɣ
һһգɲ֮䣬޾ֱ
ʱо񱻵һ㣬ƺһԱֲİ뽣ɣı£ȻնһЩǳǳѪۣ
ϢȻжһͿ
ԭһֱֻ֪ûƽϰˡ˭Ķ֣Ļһܱȼġ
߹ظһɫתƮȻȥ

һ߶ȥһ߲룬ҿΪһֵĻظȻҪˡ
һϯݺݽǿ󣬲Լƽȥˣ


035 ְܲ
˳ҵһϵе¹Ҳᡣ
ظϻȥʱУǰͻȻֶʾǸ⡣
ʱֲͷԣʵ£㶼Ʒٻ˵ָ˾ˣȻῪЦǺǵľͽҹȥˡ
εش֣һ֮룬ڼȴһ֪֪δܷҿһЩ
ѽǱӵܣӦ֪뱱õơʱһԴˣǰĲ֢
С£ʱȻûҪܾԼҲ֪ξֹһ˰һЩڴ
ڵлԾ䣬õһֱַйܵĻƣǻáΪ̸磬õͳͿˡ
ҪĶõصѵ̫ҪĻܡ
һ߻ȻΪⱱöõĵԴԺδˡݵӣκ;ԴͷһԵʡ
Ǵӱ÷֡ѳȥġｨõḶ́һѪܵıʧ˲ź͸ֵʷ
ڱʷʢʱڣһ죬ٲȻһӴޱȵĳţǱԶԽ˵ļʢʱڡ
ıƻʵһ£óｨǽһ죬Ĺ佫֮ϵĳţѪܵһΪֵܽãӴ̤ϵжԵ·
õĵһսǽô߷ָʹ£һΣҲȷúͱ÷ͥĵλơ
Ǵӱøģõ֯ȵȣһӦϤհᱱáҲɽʱգƶȼߵ״
һ߳˼ʱһЦȥһţ
Цʹָ㡣
һĸ£ͷβְţܰƨϼ롣ߵϵڱþڸ
ǼǵĽú̲˫عϽ൱ڱܲ첿šһץɻãܺá
ƷģҲӴĲšĴѵͲˡ
崦൱뱣ڣרűʵۺʹԱԼΪʵ۵̡һ˵Ҳã˵Ҳãˮš
Ψһľ鱨ţȽڣνᣬֻҪʱռ鱨ͳɡڣһŲõ̫ע
ߴǹֱָʹߴͷĿڰ衣ΨһĺôǣЩˬˣܵõѧָ㡣
˴ڲ죬ֲ֯ࡣ߼Ǵ֮һ̰ǽǣһžδĶͷƲ롣
ŴǺ˾ˮģҲġʦҩʦʦطͱˡ
⣬ǧȨأҲײҵġ
ҵľǣ崦ԼʧΪõѡ񡣡ʱۡ
˼һôǾʱܶһѡл̲Ҳлתӡ
һ͸ʱеģµ鱨򱨣ЦУлδˣѾ֪ôˡ
ߵĿ赭дĴһݼɨ
꣬ظ֣йܹӪȣ

ߵչˡԽѵһԱԤˡ
һƽķʽȻڼʼְĵĵһ俪ס
ʱǲò޾ϲĿͷ
Ϊһ½ͷӼ澯ͷӣߺܵʵҲûʲô
ܱʡ䣬˵һձȽϰҵȽϸĹңûжش°
һ̰±߸ʡĲܸ㶨и㲻ģҲֱ̲֧Ԯ
ֻгַָʱ򣬶̲ø㲻ʱ򣬲Ż򵥵˵ܰ참ֻץɱˣʣµ֤֮࣬Ȼרҵʿ
ˣıƲҲȽ١еƸزȨʵȨСҪʱҲ᲻١
ѡ񼩲ԭ֮һ
Ҫش̰˵಻࣬ԣʱΪøĺ֧Ԯ
ϸ˵ȻǾ졣ѡ񼩲һԭɣ
ˣļˡСĵذѼ򱨷ϡ
һ壬Ҳߵĸ֣һȫƽӹֻʺ֡һ꣬ƾɽյĸٻְ
ܰĲԵͽΪˡ˸һΪԼһݵλٻĸ֡
֪һΪٻΪ׵Ĵ꣬˷˶ϸͷöġ
ٻ˾и߼٣ûжһ͵ٵӣһ㶼ǴӸֿʼѧ
һԴѡֵǣϤҵΪ̫ߣ̫ǿƢҪѱͲ̫С
ǳͯľɭҲ˵ķǵһָ֪ͬϵս˫ţԻܿ١һٻλãʱΪõġ
һԣ²ģҲǽʮɫһǰ;ضġ
ǻȻ֪ɵĳ徢ߵ֮ǰӱͼֲģˡ
ֻסԲҪҲꡱĺġ

⼸һʱ䣬ڶࡣ
ΪһӴ鱨浵޷ȫܿһҲ㹻ˡ
»䣬ԽÿһһΣߺȻûйָʹԼ֪ͬͲޣ߸ټ¼
ֻ֪ͬͲ޵ټ¼ԱһסٻȻڲָʹҪˣ
֣֪Ӫǵ鱨Դǣ
룺ӪһǴȡ鱨
ףӪû鱨ԴǴġϺڡ
ýṹһһƷָʹƷָ֪ͬƷָӲޡ֪ͬǸְ޸鳤
ͯľɭͯòޣǳϵǧ崦ͷĿְƷһƷΡⲻ档
¿⼸鱨Ժ֯ʱߣһʲͯǧ壺ǡ
ӦǸĴͷĿӦˡְҲڲ޼ϣˣֻʣһޣ֪ͬԼָʹ
죬ȡԼıʼǣܿ½ųĿ꣬˼ųӪ󣬿ֻʣĸˡ
飬ǰУһ졣̶̼죬ӵܡǰбʵĺۼ
ǰСˣԽļ졣
߲֪ıӵܣʲôһͬ㣬ǲμСԡ
ĬĬ±ʼǣʱóָʹٲֻ¥󡣡
ߺȻЦˣϹͬ־Һܿץסˡ


036 һζ¥
һζ¥һʸ¥мݱζأһһľ¥ǱƾǣǱˡ
̧ͷ꣬ڨȻλǧҪҵǮ
ռ񼰸Ϊ׵һӦ̲סЦǲŲãҵǮƶԣ
СӭʼһЩ£үǣ룡
ȻУ䣬һĲţʼҪúһЩСӭƷӣһʱҲӦˡ
һҼۣͳǮƣϾƲˣΪֹʡǮ
壬ǼݽһʵЩ꽫δĸȥռЦˣЩӿɲࡣ
ߴģһʼ磬գգۣǳľɭȶˣĪҪΪǹǾͿǲŶ
ССĶԴǣ׺Ѹٽҵľһֱ߲ô˳۵ͯľɭҲǲ֪ʱںϽ˵Ц
仰ļλүͳǮҶǿҡ£һٶ̾Ǣ˺ܶࡣ
ȾƲˣñվٱλǺúõĸɣһǰ
ҶǶʮɫģܴңܸҹ£ҵ˵ϻͲ˵ˣһⱭ
ǺȻӦŵڽһںȹ⣬кЩһǺģȴǷظеİЦʹ죬ʹ죡
һ߳ԺȣһˣһǼʺϵЦҶߵӡһ˲׺͡
ǿǳҲɼ֪Ϊߺܲ
ǳķ꣬һЩСһ練ơⱾҲûޣֵ¾ʮţӼЭ֡
߻ΪϾܴһٺأõ˼ΪǸɣģպ跨ڵ
൱һٻƣԼ꣬ѡεˣ齨һֻĶ顣
ȥΪȥһۣǢĳ棬ԺЦĳ棬δǲ̫ܳˡ
꣬ҵּࡣϴ֮󣬻ս飬ǵһĽ׶Ρ
һģʺõģһ׶ԶҲ׷ϵĲࡣ
éһӰŷݵӰ֣ߣǶ˵ߣ
߲ɫȻһơӰһһֻľӣǶԸҽģ
ллЦЦ

ֵģһЩǵһκȾƣίʵֵòС
κΣһЩĿˣһЩƷˣһ£ﻹۡ
˰һȺ˲ŸѬȻȥ˴˵ɫǶǢȡ죬еĺӣţһŶˡ
ϵΪķӣ߰ѰƤһͻط鿴ľС
һţһӣһűֽ
ȡӣͷ֮òƺ
һǴسһϣƪһֺȻǣнһ֮ɺ¡
һűֽϣһͼ
Դо죬Ȼ򣺡ҿǱļϹͬ־ϸİȻѱҼ˼
ʲôأ

ڣڣڣ
ߣһЩ߰ĵӣһԼҺɽĳ֮ڰڰ
ڶҴҸϻر򣬺ڱݻٵļңѾϵˡ
Ȼһ죬߳裬һ㶼֡һ꣬Ĳϣι۹ⶼˡԣһ꣬Ȥ¾ֺӰӡ
Ϲ̫ˣаѱصôģ
˰߿ӣ죺治ϲôأҵܣϵܣϹ˵ܣ˭ܡ۲۰
˰죬ڵһӲϲãץסˡ
ȵðһЩϤڳѾ֪ͷˡϹư񼸰ٽʯʲôĶʯȤ
ᡣʯǺöսоԵĺôǣû̫ǿҵս˼
ֻҪһ۵ľܸ꣬ʼʻףҲ߼սˡһӵеս޵ģսһǾûϷˡ߲һ
ͺñȣˣԨԨˣ߻ܸ档ֻҪǸͼʧһֱõ
ðɡ߰ڰ֣ʵʯңһЩЧġҵãȥء
ʯʺϸսãҲãֻЧ̫ˣųɶ˷ѡ
죬ߴ⣬⼸ٽʯԼͻһʯǲ壬ֻλȻоＸģƺܺ
ʯĲͣǣ߱ضǣƽĺ١ϣʯļ۸һֱһһλǻƽ
һЩҲΪЧ౦ϻڴ˵ġΪĿǰڵĻ̫գҲΪΪߣԲ࣬ʶࡣ
߾ϥҲõЩΪıԴǶɣԼȨϡ
ſߺȻȥȡֻƿӣֱдš񵤡
һǸѨͨ嵤ģһǸϢ⡢âġΪӿΪĺö
ƿ뻳߼ټٵڵĺӣ壬ô㷨Ƶģѹܴ󰡡
⼸ٽʯֿƿҩ˼Ϲͬ־ƺȱǮ
ϹˣǴʱҰ


037 
ϥΣۣ̫˷ˣ
Լʯþ⣬һʯͷһӣȡһö̷ȻҩʱѸеȫȣתһ˿˿ҩק뵤
ҩԵķݣΪһѨʣͼͨоѨ;Щģ
ҩЧͣϻѨ֮á
ֹ˰ʱ³һĵҩðԵҩ
ҹȻݣϵӿһۣĳЦһ¡͵£ȡٿһ飬˳ճɻҽ
飬¡һȻн˵Ĵ鷳ĳһѶš
ҿϹ˾͸һ鷳߿ŵڶ죬һ״޲ȥġ
ڶ꣬꣬ʲôһҪΪõָ֪ͬ
أǲ̫̼ϴôģأڻúζ
˭ܽңβϴƷָ֪ͬıϳ̸Ĵëȣ
߾ãȥһλʵ۵ëȡŶˣҪ跨ɵλʵۡ˵λʵ岻̫ãҲظɵ
أƺԤдһʣ
ͻڣɲָ֪ͬһҲֹ˵ɱ㡣

ظ֡һһ޿ɲĽ֡
ӱ跨׼䣬ҽ׮ģһʱҲ޿κˡ
ظһսңҲǴԼһǰظǰǣͼӪйܹ
òִ֮£һͱظ֡ڣһشظ֣ԴˣҲ޿ɲˣ·˴ûдڹ
йܹΪ彭Ǳڤڵĵӡ˾ȵǣǧĿ̺󣬴˾Ȼҧסڣʲôûн
ЩֵͷĿ̣ʵһشۡ
̶̸ɱü̽·һļһ
׹֪Ǳڤڡ̸絭ЦһЩɵӣҳɣҲԸڤڳ£
һ̣ദŧİ彭ȻЦǲңòңҲңǶڤڣʦػ԰ݷñ£
̸ˣǣұڤڣҸΪĪҪˣֻǳǡִˣԴҶûô
̸粢Ϊ֮治˵ֻҪ㽻ݣµȥұ㣬Ҳظ¡
彭ϥţùǣԵһ̸̾ˣֺαأ֪֪СԱ̸֪Ƿ緭ʵп᲻
̸ʱؼȻһֱ֣õı£ʵڲʲô鲻˾ͺڣҲġ
Ųһ٣̸һĨЦ⣺ս飬
彭ɫ䣬κ۵һ˿׽
̸תȻ˵֪һֱΪظΪδӰӵһˡ
ǿǰһ
δϴֻ̸֡Ĳſһ٣溬΢Ц֪Ϊ𣿡
㣬ңץס
ѣբȻһرաߴŭ𣺡̸磬ң

̸һ˿ЦָӲ޽ٿʣʲô֪
ָӲ޽﷢ѣÿ£ʲôûõ̸һ˵䣬ʲô֪ˡ
̸΢֪ᱱã˰׷Ҫ˳˰ˡ
飿õʲô鵽Σ
̸߳ԶԶƮ뽯ĶУҲ˽ʮָʹ£Ҳóλˡ
ȻپȥǾ͡
Ȼ룬һޱȵĿ־û

պ󣬱˼䣬ô豩꣬ٵ˼ʱ֣ǺѹѹģҪ·ˡ
¡¡һߴϴ͸
һ̶֧ǱУϣκһŢĿУʱг̡
֮Уд˶˲òðű꣬һӴŢŪ
һߴ󺰣һߵҲһЩģԸ跨һЩңһ߰һԹʮĴһͻȻı̰꣬Ĺٸ·޳Ţ
ʵ˵ٸһ£϶ǱȽԩġɳʯ··Ǳֵòˡ˱꣬ҲС
ӹٵһˣ׶ʮ£ӹٵһ˱۹
һˣһЩӵˣʱϳʮµİƷŵɫԹĳʹɫ
иоһףһŵõŢУǱĹߣվʧˡ
һˣȻõˣ
Ϊ׵ʿǰң¶һԼǰƷͼǰٻȻǰٻˡ
ٻһԲɨӣȻ¶һ˿ĵЦ£ʱеģҲڸġû䣬Ľ
һŬ״ȴ̲סЦ
̧̧֣ģ˰ǹ·
¶һֱȵĳӱ͵Ƚƽ̹·ϡѣִӹӵһĴʣµȫת˸м
λٻǺ˰ףһӶǺˣ
ٻһ䣬ǺˣȫҶǺˡ


038 ԶӵĹض
ٻߣԼǡȻ꣬Ǿʮ
ˣǰһϢ̽·ϻ
ߵøл꣬λֵȫ棬Ȼġ꼸һĲŶɹꡣ
һ·ʵʵڵݣߺ¡ֳ̽·ἰ߻벻
Ǿļֵ
ǹĵطԷγɵϰףߵǿԿ϶Ͽ϶ûɡ߾磬ǵûֱ̫ˡ
ôûжһЩˡЦˣʾջůůӡ
һԷģʥһ飬䣬ҲЧģݵλķǣʥͣͳ顣
ͻأ棺ʲôŽ⣿
һʾеǷ±ЦƩ磬Ϸ֮ҿͲ˳˳Է˯ҸţʱûȤиϷ֮񣬻һЩȤɡ
ڽ֪ʲôҧøԸĻƴޣ˼Ϸ֮񣬱ضû뵽
Ǹ֡Ĵչ͵
Ҳءһʲôһ˵ôʱ򣬿ûôţҪҪһ㣿
ֻеצϣһѳֶӡ
չأϲԶӣԣ˶ҹضӡضץץͷ벻˭ôеˡҲϲãץ˺һס
ض˿˵ŭĿĻԣǿⲻңܶ߶̫ϲƣΪ̫ˡҾ㲻
˸߲ңҵ˹ͬ⣺ѽѽҶô˵ģҵƷһֱǸܸܵġ
ĵļһܿͺ֪һ
ߺ͹ضĵȻ죬һᣬضӾʹȥʲôüЦ˵˵ȥȥɽû
ضӶʱɫһңɽĶǷӣȴѧס

ɽǽĿеʥأѧĿеʥء߾õѧãɽ˼ֱͽ
ɽ϶һ£ǱߣͲ֪ŭˡ𽣵֮ţǽɽ֮Դš
һ޵£ؼһǲɽʹѧһųƼ½֮أһųƼ֮أǶ˵Ǹơ
ۣҲȥǣ˾˲
Լͱɽˣ߾﷢ëҪ֯£
ضƺȥٵطһҲζ߰ͬЩСĿһֱڱƣõǡ

֮оĺ֮һֻǶ޸֮һ
̹˵ûж˻ж󡣶̫̫˵һƾѾˡ߽úĵһ¾ǲϢֻҲδػ֪
רҵãҲ̫Ķ֮£ɴһߡ
ȣֱΪһ֮е֮Լĩ֮ǡǡλм䣬е֮ȹΪеֻ֮дʹһ֮
ɽ۽ڴѧѧ̸䣬ȥ۹⣬Ρ󵽵õ¡
ضһ߽ӣһǴţȻŴ죬һ˦ϰʱֺϣţ
һӢˬŮһѽſڣضŹضӣҧгݣضӣ
ضӰȾȥһһߴ󺰣ҵ£Ĳҵ¡žһ죬Χǽˡ
һŮӺɵ߽һ˦֣ʶضӡ
ͷ߿йضӣС˵ԵģˣûӸأ㣬˳ְͱһ԰ʳ
ضӵķŭУߣСӲ壬һģ
ߺٺһЦϣ֮ǰҲô˺˴󺰵ģ
Ůɨһۣһ׷˳ȥ󺰣ضӣҿܣ
һĿɿڴ꣺ޣµŮ˰һųף°뱲ǻˣ£˲𰡡
ȻоŭĿ⣬ͻȻһԾ𣺡ͣˣ׼·ɡ

յĸ·ڣݳǽҰ֣ԶǾһɡ
Ż٣ߵ֮ǰǻһʿװǳ֣˵˵ô
вʵȻţһ¡
һԥСĺ壬һ·÷·类֪ˡڰе飬ǲ鲻ʲôġ
ֲ֣ļ¿ȥ³˾Ȼ֪֪ң˲Ŀ³СȻ֮ݡ
ˣ˿
һ״ǰҪ£ǳһٺõķһ·öʲôӰи硣ݵ
ǰڳſڰԼһСηؿһȺݡ
ڿջ齣һɾͲˣҪңҵŰݷã
֮ǰҵû֡ǾͲҪԹҲˡ


039 ݣȫ
һǵһ̣ϢԷһٶȣ͵ҡ
Ϊ֮һ»֪ϢںȲһھЦðѲˮ
ʵ̫ϲˣһʼ̫ţôҡļһ֪ȫŻȻǾѹˣԭһʲôС
֣磬ôһƱС£᲻ʲôŹ֡
ҵҪΪȻñȱõھһõҪǼھڣпֲħ̬
ʮ̸£ȫȫѻʵۺͳ͢צһ£ﵽһǷ켫ĵز˵ŷɥ
һٵʣӰһŵʡڽϳ£õľʮǰ˵õ̬ȣһǿӲͽˡ
̸ʣǾϲŭ޳Զ֪ʲôʲô㡣ǣʮİ참ʵƮѲ⡣
ΪȻǵĵˣס˼
һϴ󲮣ʯ˵ʵ̫Ҫˡ
أǰ˶֪һʯļֵǷ˼ģһƽʯһһļ۸񣬾֪ˡ
Ҫǣ˴ʯл᲻ϧ˷ԴԼˡгֵǾζǰ̡ʯܰսøǿ
ƸȨƣǴֿɼû˻ó
һľϢƫƫҡװƵӣйͷʦͷ´йŹ֣ҵһ¡ͣƺĸǰꡣ
λңĻһ˶ʱ˼ܣ񡣡
᲻ᣬ˶Ŀ˽һ仰·Ҫ޲Ȼ
ȡЦһƱûʲôȡЦõİ참֣Ǿȡ
һ˵죬֮ǴĻģܱ֤ݡ֤ݶˡ
Ҳû˵꣬Ҳ֪⡣
Ը꣬͵֪ǡ

ӿջ߳ʱ߻ͷһۣûЦ硣
ջʷģ漰λĳƵꡣ
ռزˣѾˡ
ȻˣǾͲҪһˣú漸ٰ¡ЦеĶ½ֶʲôۣǿ
꿴ŻȻһµߣȻһ磬ôĳ硣ıٻȻͲָɵʲô¡
˵ǾηĽϾ⼸λǴӱһŵĲųġһ·ߵ˵۹⣬һ߲ʱĻشһЩ⡣
ߵ⣬Ѿߴ˱ص
ݵĵһ壬һδأڰݣǾƲڻ¡ϸ˵ݵ
ݵУҵˡݲ˵һЩžĸ֡񻯸֣Ǿ˵ûС
߾ͷ죺һô󶯸ɸ꣬һôĸݵ
˵⻹һƱȽϴĺ壬ڳ⻹һɵʱţֻѾˡ
ҵˣɴءҡҡͷҴԼҡˣж󣬱жˡ
һССңҲҸýа壬ǲ֪ôдȻȻǾͲһˡ
߹۹ջߵʱ̾˿ң֮صӦһ֡
ʯĴã
ȺлйһӰԼеӰƺĳǹضӣ

Ϊǵһγ񣬿ܶ޲ð⵱ӰȫĴ졣һʱɱ۾
ʵǾǲ񣬲˵òٲ˵һѲ
һ㣬֪жôˡ꣬δĹǸɣΪ಻ߣòڵһĸѶȣǲг񣬽
ߵʱߺȻ̻ӣʡʱʡ
Ů˵ĶǷļʡߴŭŮˣҪңһȥ۹ء
ĵۣҵɣֵɡ
߾ͶˣˣݻһɣһҺ塣ҼȻͶЧǾһһңƽҡ
ûתǣǡ
˼ҸǻˡΪжѶԸһһ
ȱ˵һࣺ꣬Ǿ͵ûȥˡԣǰҪú漸졣
һȭߣ
һҵȻһʿţ㣬㣬ˣ
ƥ¡¡Ĵӽβһ·Ҳ֪̤˶ˣһأԴ󺰣߰ˣ
ߣһȺ۹һߴһ׷ֵϵǾʧĶܣȴǱȻײš

Ҷү
ɲҶүúͺء
ɫʱͱˣŵˣǸϽ뿪ɡȺ˿ǲġ
߻ִЦѣһ˵ʵӦý̻ǣƵڶˣõˡһȻǻʵۡ
ۣ֪Ƕ⣬ΪΣ˼Ȼһʿľ䡮Ϸء
ߺȽһն
񱩵ı¡¡ķɳ۶ǹȡǹűһֻ̡˴һһǹһϰջףź¡ˤ¡
һԽСӣⱼ֮ƱܵģҲܴѡбλ̣Ȼһٳɹ
һֻսϴû˼
ں׷ʿ־ŭ𣺡ʲôˣȿ֪֮Ҷү
Ҷүŭһֻص̤ԴϣҹԹԵĴš
ҶүҪˣһݣ˭ôԴôĵӣŲţ
һĨâ֣ȫ£


040 
ʿǾŭޱȣǸҺݣ
һû֦չǼУǸңҵͬ
Цѣ仰ȻԴԶˣҪ˵գɱһеļܡ
κΣһȺɣƻһͣͺ޲øɵʲô¸ˣǶܵ
ǵĶ׺ݣߴ죺ô˹ĸʲô״Ԫ꣬̽ǣȷ
ռ͸ȷӦʱһ˹֮״סʵһͨûͷûԵҴ򣬴Ⱥ۴У
ԶΧ۵һȺУһ˿ߵһԾὣУǣǵ̫ˣ˵ûȣˣʲôʸˣ
߻ּˣмΪء

һųг۵꣬ὣߵһԾԴָߵ±塣
κΣһȺֻдģʣµı˸ʹ졣
ߺɫһģֻ£
ҪˣԼеƺһЩˡһٶۣ壺ģˣ
ǣĲϲ߿ǣŭһԾǰɲǽʶ
ʧɫâɫæӶݣκΣʵΪһȺʵ֮ڣһСò£δ̫Цˣ
ͬһƱ꣬мΪ٣һЩһʱʰ޲¡
ʽһȣǶ˵׹·һ׶һԾֿȭɱǰһ֮ͨȭú졣
һĴȭһڸͷϣʱͺһ˴һ뵹
һ꣬¼սţʽ䣬ϰƤҲɱȥʱֻʣص߷ԹȻһ֡

Ƕǰ֮£ĴԹҪһͣ˼Ҽûǣû
Ӵ治һһء߱ʵȥһָڽŵµǼΪ꣺ϸһЩɲɡ
γƣһ˰죬ûʲô
߷ļУɳڵӣǸɳڣҵɳ𣡡
°ͣһϲĳᣬȻЦ˼֪ɳڣȻҲ
۰Ͱ͵صȴ̾Сӵ·ӣ椣׽㣬ԺϸһЩɲɣҰ㡣ͷСҲװ
һ˿·ӣٵģһԱȣȻһӣٿ÷һ·ˡ
⻰һʱ﷢ëǻ֣Ҳûϸ΢Ĺ۲ǰٻȻһ۾ͿƵ꣡
ЦУҶүҺȻһļ裬һ
Ҷٵ޲ĿԹЦ裬ǼŶ
ҵļҴСһһǺߣû˸ҡҵȻʲôʲôʮʱ򣬸ĶˡǣǰϷȻҪһ»
ǡ֮ݷãһһɵĹϵòܵģ軥£ǣҾʹǸɵӳȥӡǰ·ûˣҪҪҫ̼ġ
Ʃ˵һ·ҫԼ档үȻɴ۾Ǿ֡
ȻҾˡžȻ̤ˡȻҪΪҫλѣҲɵӿָɳڵӡ
ЦУҵļ£ܺɡ
ŻүҽһأԲߣȻ֪ҵˣ㻹ϽߣȻơ
߻Цѣ˵£ˣ̫ˡ
Χܲ£һ㲶ϣûʲô
ҺӴԼһֱ˸㣬õˡһֻҪԸ⣬Ϳ£ȮǸá
үһȺ˵̾ͱò̡
Žпšչǣ̣̣ӵˣһ㼼ûС

Σ˼ĿɫĲ죺Σλʲô˵ģĿڻˡ
һɳڵӣһҶ١ֱֻɳƤƵģ̤ڽŵ¡
ѪɫĻ࿴һۣ֪ѡ񣬹ˡһУΪˡҵʯ
ߴ㵣ʧЦ˼ԽԽ˼ˡ
һѣˣ⡣
ϻʯ֮ݵðһúܺãʱȻֵǷ꣬ƺ˶֪ǲǹŹʲô
Ȼؿջ߽

ջǺĶ
һֻʱסӣһʱһʱͥԺﶵȦӡ޹أϲɻĸо
ˣʳˡ߳񷿣ɫأСһ֪Ĳࡣ׮£ȷϡ
һû𡣵ڶɳһλ𡣡
һɫףɫ㱵꣬Լǿ˿̵Ľ
鷳ˡͷһһ𣬲ʸɡһɴмۿɣҲδػʲô֡
ȳɫںҲɫһ
УҡͷѡǰýƣܹӣԼѹ׵ֶΣʹǾ͵Ծǰ;
ⱾһοͷԺֶε񣬶ǿ͵ڳʧܡ
߾ͷԸ˺ҲС壬ǳͯľɭ
߹ϵ£һ롣½ԼΪѵĶ
۰죬ûпԸһĴ㡣ΣȻûѪСƨ
ס°ͣһָ죬ؼҿǻǲסѣڱˡĹؼһǵûУ
λԱãȻ˼
һƣԼ׶԰ʦҪǿ񾭺԰ؼǣʯĽ
Ȼֻһʽڸ󣬽ڳ͢˭ָˡ
ڶʵ˽áʹĴӪЩ̫֣ģֻ˽½
Լ³еǾʵۺͳ͢Լҽ
ϸ飬ƲģࡣҲ˵ˣˡ
þջóǽڸ治طֱӵ̤ƽˡһ붼ȥ롣
һ룬һ߸̲ѣ̸ǰҵɲոˣ
һȺ޲Ŀ࣡Ҳû뵽߻ôһ⡣
Ҿָ֪ЩСͷ갡
ʱ߹ϣʱȥݷһһЩˡ


041 ֮
߷һЩôһЩŵ㡣
Ϊһ֣ḻڻ£֮һΪ˰ԣڸ˿ûв˽ѻʵڡ
ƩһأѣһʱԼҾҪȥ档Ͼץ˺һЩӵܣѱ˽¸ɵʲôǿѹͷеġ
һΪȫƽӹʺ٣൱׼ȷۡ
겢ûŵ㣬ƢãҲΪϸģй۲лԼұţ˾Ÿɵˡ
ԺʱռԼǸʵսд衣
δȫӣֻųһֻս˲ѡ壬սһ÷
ѵصʱδԼڶԽݹսãһ壬ڶңսսսɷӡ
ѧԽһĿս鵥ʵսýζһ߿һǰһЩ˼
Цˣ֪ݣЯͬʹޣһǰݷã
šĿתļһᣬ˺һᣬǾ̸̸ɣһٷ
Сѣˣ֪ݼλһٷ֮⣬˷ݻᲢǹϵģٷ̸
˼лˣʲôôתʲôãʱ̫ˡ

ʵջһ䷿
߰ҶһƱץأջϰҵʱ߰ȥκβãֻøϰһǮȨʱջݲӪҵ
˰죬ȻûˣְĻţմȾһЩƢŭѣԾʹѿڡ
ͬȻΪŮĹ٣͵סӣɺһҲԹ֡
֪ĿһĵȻԵ֮
ͬʱһݣˣһ˿һĲŮ³δжáĹţڸǼҲûʸ
οʢѱһԲϰ
ֵ˺һᣬϵĹԱżһòãӢʮͬ£߽λ˾õˡ
֪ݺ㴺һЦƺȫȻûоǰѿЦȻӢۣ˲żüð
ͬһͬ㲻ҷǽԼЦҿͲ󣬼ӵǶ˵ôúء
ҶƷ˭˭
ӽްΣЦλؾǽޣȻһɹϽ
޵ĶһǱһıϽЦУҴˣСܴ졣
ʽȴİһһµ⽯ϣŵ£͸ճ¯ͷƵģָƵģ̵İ׵ģòʡ
㣬㣡ޱף۵ؿŲҽĶӣͲε㶪٣
̾ȻҶƷɾٳ뼶Ҳǵڴ뼶һƷعԱǰҲô൱һƷԱ
ˣȻӣֻ˵̫Ĵˡźһģƨһ˵ֱץˣƷë
ǲ͵ģ֪ݷˣȵޣĪΪ㲻ȣ
޶ʱһݣһǴԼģбذʹ֪ͬԼԱҲˡ
֪ݺܿһƽЦˣͬΪ٣αΪͬšʲô˵ģһ˵˵ˡ
ɢݣλȲֱݡ֪ݺô֪ݣȻǲô
ЦУָһףܲΧϮ١Ҿ̿ǵԴҺΣ
֪ݵȶʱɫ䡣
ͬɫҰףʶԷСʼնǸõˣǰǿеˣСŮ޶Уβͬŵķϡ
ʼ磺һ٣ǷƣһǲУǾҪǵıˣ
굱ֱ̫ˡ֪ݿһᣬŵлֱԣ
ĿӰᣬʧЦ
ңҪң

ټջֻʣǳˡ
һ߸д裬һ³ʵΪʲôҪ󱾵عԱʲô
ǳһ߲һΪ˷¡£ͷڸѿ¡
ѡ׵ģֻ̤ƽңһо͸㶨̸˼¿ǾҪһЩ˼ˡ
ǱҪ£һЩˣҪôңҪôǱعԱ⼤³˺ǳ߲ˣɫ
ңҪĶΪʲôҪ£ң
û˵ֻ࣬ЦûץСҵȻѡңɼȻаѱ֣عԱ£ֵߡǱع٣֪ΰϢ
һ͢ٹپͲ֪пҲ֪
һһ֮ҫ³˺ǳƺȴԾѣʲô
֮һҡͷоԼû֮
߻ֵգۣˣоЩʲôѵһӵ񣿡
ǳ֣㲻룿
߿һɫ׵Ĺûд𻰡֮ﶼоʣŲһá
ֻıɡʱ֮ɵ£뿴Ķ̫ˡ
磬ҪҸȥޡ
ţļҴҸϻأҵǸˡǸ˺㡣
˼ˣͷһЦǾͺã
ȥ׼ãʱҪɻˡ
գգֵȺӦó˾֮ˡأҾľǡ


042 ͬ
ǽΡ룬ϧⶫ˲ʢ磬עֻܷӲСˡ
ºڷɱҹһڵƣƺڱεøڸ
һӰǽ죬죡
ҼסĴߴһ˵ȣϣܾϵĿĵء
죬֪˰ݷ֮󣬲صİٻϾӡһЩȻӲҵߡ
ֻǳǰ׳աԼовԣٲżҲһʱ˾֮
Ϊ½ǣһ߸·һߵ͵ѵ֪ݵԸǣ
һʦʵأпܣٻϿͬȹԱӵܣʹعԱͷҲܡõˣǾһжпˡ
ʦ벻ͨǣٻΪҪʹعԱͷҪԸңֻһԼҾ취
֮ǲˡʱǳ塣ضŭ
һҪǶȡߣȻ󡭡ͷȻ󣬰ѿ͢һöʱ𡣡
ǿɬŭϧʱ̫̣Ƕû׼죬ұ˫յġ
ҲäĿǱǴȡһȻٰѿϽģǣٻһʹǵ̡
ϧֻ졣û뵽͢ٶȲϲ죬ƺѾǿƽˡʹǱҪǰ
ǳ⣺ĪҪˣһҪ֡
ҵ˴Ҵҵڸ٣Ȼɽȥˡ
ҵ˰죬һӰϢĳ֣ǺǣңҶܵĲ飬ֻҲ鲻ʲô
Ӱһ죬Ҳûôס
һӰȻңһյ蹤򣬲ӰȻ
ȵǺӰȡһֻȺӰķ׷ϹȥһӰȻЦѰ󣬹Ȼá
˵ˣѰǺãϧϡ٣Ҳײ׽Ҳÿһ˶С

ˣ֪ɳǷѵ
ˣһԿȥʱһǴӰ߳һȺкɳ֣ίʵеǸٻ
ɳһٻȻҲܰųģ
ƱҲ໰ܿһнʱһϿĶѨУȻȡǱ㲻ضԣ׼ã
һȻѨ֮λһС֮кȻһѤûɫ
һɫ׼һȵĳϺǺһҺɫȻɽȻΪ͵һɨβ㽫ˡ
ϡɳһΪӰһţɲƾһ˫ֻ
ǴһԾڰ֮ʣڽ˿УٲȻһҺڣԼһЩƬһ˽ȻԼִսѷѽ⡣
ŭķֽС
ŭ𣺡ղΣһҪȻҶ·һԶһϣһҪͷ
һδ䣬ͺȻһ˵һѪʱˡ
Ѩ֮жʱսʱʱһŭ
ϣϡɳŶٸԵ
κͷίʵʱľ˱ǿֲβͳҷɣײһĴ󶯾

ڴ÷ˮߵһȺ׷١
ˣ˵ûټѰƲѡ
Ⱥɽ֮УҪҵһˣίʵס
һᣬվһɽʯǰ󺰣ҵˣ⣬Щɽסˡ
Ѩ߸ȥʱԼһЩǰһ֣ѹߣ
ǽǰһЩǱȻƣʾϢڡʱѰһڣȻս
һۿȥ߶ʱһҿȻйޣͲûаˡ
ϸĹսᣬֱͷһЩ֣һЩ鷳ˡ
һṤֻȻǻѪȻƲӡȻҲǸв˶ˡ
ʣ²ˣֱɳˣصʩչӼλǰȥ
ֻӦǰߵսƺĲ٣ʱҲֻʣŭֽеˡ
ǴҲöԸĶѨֶܶζʩչɳֺγǰпࡣ
ٶһЩ׼ǾͺöԸˡɳʱ޲ɱߣйͷ֮ޡƣô˴
߲ùǵӺǶΣʲô
Ǿ֪ͬʱǰһֱ߲ͻΪĻᡣ
Ǿ񻯸һ֮ƫֻһߣ֪ѵ˶ٸ֡ⱦϢ©Ȼкܶͷᡣ
Ҿ֪баЦȴҲȥֻԹ۾ˡ
ұزݿҥҷɣԣ֪춼֪ҥԵʱ߶Աضұ˺ұˡ
ϢɣǸ˵ͼڸǸĸмֵıѾ֤ߵжϡ
ҺȻɳڡ
ڵȴᣡһһ򾡵ĻᡣȣһȺΪʼ̫ˣֻܿᡣ
߳ʵǴ򲻹ǣô죿֪ɽ죬
ȻֱۣˣûǵϷˣͬ㻹벻Ҫء
˵ԵǵȣȻᣬ㿴ˣܿҪˡ


043 ̣ᱦս
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ĴһȻɳһɣͬʱҲ⼸˺ϻ·һҽУʧȥһ
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ͭ߿ϧѡоͻΪѨʱͭͿԿһˡκΣʱͭȱ꣬뿪ˡ
Ȼǻᣬͭסļȡ߾꣬߸еʧǣˣɥ߲ࡣ

ĬȻУɳСӾͬڸǲסһϲá
ȻһһɸԶв𣬿ǣȫֵõġ
࿴һۣ˹˵õġ
Ȼ롣ɳЦӦתȥʾ⡣ɳ֮ˣܿеһĨ׹⡣
תһԾеľͬۼҪȡãһɳȰĳ֣Ȼһ
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һ£Һüµ˶ʱһԾɳڵ
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һ½ݺᣬ׺һ±㽫ʯڶն鲻١ʯĴɡɳмܵסκβ˶мܵסʱɳڵӱһɱ
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ɳͷսսͬʱһǿֲɨ
޹ıʯƿڴ԰ڸƨȥ
һʾԶһЩһ߰ȡͭѣˬöֵľ갡¸Ƿˡ
ͭסɫȻԽԽˡȡľֱ֣֮Ӽֳ
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һʱİͲһһɶˣ£Ҳܼȡ㹻ľꡣ
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ˣɳڵأѵҪıﻹ޷֣
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ŭȻ׼Ϥһʰݱ
ɳڵ٣ɵǾӢÿһΪҿƣʱҲֻǶƽɫľ档
ŭҽײһһɹѹֵˣסڶѨز𶯡
ϧΪƣûÿһ˵ľ궼ȡˣȻǼȡ˺һЩǻʺϣ̲סҪܷһˡ
ίʵһʸսģ΢ע⣬Ǿһ
ۼѨҡ߹ϳ˵ԶһЩŰġ
ѨսѾӽβˣ˼ϤȻ£ʣҺɳǿ˱˴˳޵Ľ֡
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ȵϢᣬǰһۿȥʱвã
ȴ˽֣úҵʱһεӰȻϢĴӶѨĳǱͻȻ䣬һ̼ޱȵͻֱȡͬ
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Ȼڼǰ͵߾ͬѶ֮һ֪һɳˣͬʱŭȥСҡ
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ĹضӰ
ƺߴ󺰣ֻҪһöӣְɡ
˴Ǳıɳһºɣ˼𾪴󺰣ضӣô㣬ô֪ܡ
ɳɫһ䣬ЦضӣݲͷΣȫɳڵģ˭룬
ضһǰȥֻҪһöӣ㲻Ҿ͸ƴ
һתۣһ֣ضűŷѪ⣬ɳȴǱһƺߣŭѣ͸ȥ
ؿʬףҾд붼ˣһг͢ڵţǰ·һ
һĽЦѣɱɣɳɱ˹ضӰɡʱȻɳڣΪұġ
һ˹Ȼһӹضӱɡ
˾٣ضһۿ类ˮͷһ̹ǣŭ𣺡ûֵĻ쵰
һжУɳЦضӣ㣬⹦򣬻ûлΪս飬±ӡ
㣬һ˵ô硣
һİȻ
ضӵ޻ᡣĿеʱ

ضӴһ㣬ô֪
ʲôɳһʱסûи˵رܣôһӱ˾֪Ķ
һȣһЦжԹضӵǸġ
תͷɳɳһ飬ͬȡһöʣµĶҵġΣȥĶ˺
ɳŶ䣺ѵɵģɱǣȫҵģҺαظ֡
ͷ˸ˣ˵ãֻС
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044 նһ
벻Ҫɣ̤ƽɳڵ
ߴ񵽱飬ԵʮϿҡܺƽֺαضءߵȻϣܼһЩ
ϧɳһЦ˳ֵı̬ȣƾ㣬С̫֪ˡ
һδ䣬ɳЦһӰĻûϢȣС
λεıɲǻѤýȼĵоɵıһХȻһĨ⻪˸
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һɨ˵ƥһնʯڣ
ضӾ鲻ԽѿڴУý
Ǿ֮ϧԣֻϧѣɭȻȣ㻹֣Īš
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ʲôɳɫһ䣬ȻӿǿҲСٻβ鵽ģ
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һһһͨѸԾּѵɱɳΧ
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һһಫܱһôϣ㣬ѡǺʵġ
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ضȼϣһȥɳң

ŭ
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һں룬һѾͬһھɳһۿʱŭѵķҵģ
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÷䰡߳δ⽻ãǾԲܷ¡Ȳ˵߻ǴϣƤ˶£ϽҲǾƲܡ
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̷ֱֿȻĺôܴ󡣸Ϊϵ͵ķãǾҪҩʦĴС
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ᰴĿ³һһµͺüˡͻȻ䣬һŵɳڵȻĺХһԾս鱻ͷų
սһȻȻһɳڵӵĺĨ
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սƣ»ص»Ұ״̬һ˵ϵս϶ࡣֻҪʬջеġ
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߲òϣδԼǣ߲սΪūͣӦֵͬĻ顣
ɳһҽУ϶ʱŷѪ⣬ȴһҧȣ壡
ս壬ս鼼Ϊһ⣬ۼҪӶݶȥ
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045 壬Ч
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ͬϢڸǣҪɣϢҪסôǺͼңֻҡ
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ضһԾ£ԸԵĽӣ̾ҺȻãһ𣬳Ҫҵ

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ضͷΣ̫ˣӿϢһҾ͵ڲ飬ǿƲһࡣһ죬ʲô֪ˡ
߲ΪȻٴֻҪһҲñɹ
ضӿЦ֪βµͬܣԼصġ
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ԿϢ˶Ŀ͢ĿԴʱ䣬ֻ˵ΪڸǼֵߵܡ
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Ȼضĸ޹أߴɵңҵƽ
ضӴ̾Һɳϣһ㶼ԩ
ʼ磬ʵ̫⻨;һЩ߰ĶԼΪһľȴһĵˡ
һĺǿҵˣһıһжʸкͺ棬̽һСڶԹضӵݾͺܺ档
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ТĿɼΡߺȻһһĸĸȡһֻ׼õĺӣӦõġ
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һҹȻǣսĵطȥ
ɳΪû֣һᰡΪһɱèˣ߾ҪŪȻ˯֡
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ͨͷȻһĴңһʬ壬Ĵһűѹιĺۼ
Īһ֮أ°˼ʲôֵ֣̰ڣۣ
ڡڣ
һͻأߴ󾪻סȻʬ徹Ȼ£һԾ𣬲϶ǱЦıø֣ҿսʩչϢֻˡ
һδ䣬ߴŻһѪУٺЦתͷС֪ʲô
ζһס߲ӣ¡һײʯϣܼ򵥣һλڵĹء
һ²һЩײȫ飬ʱһѪһһ߿ѪһЦڣ㷢˰
񻯾žͨ׺֮ΪǿߡΪֻ񻯸֣ʸڣۣšȻ񻯾ŸС
񻯿ɳɾͳΪġ
ֱԪȻӽ۵ľ硣
ߴӻȡһȻʷǷĲӣЦȻøߣҲһ񡣡
߼ѵһٺЦ㣬һɳڡǱõˣһɳڵĿڡ
ɫʱ䣬ӴȣСʲôˡʲôԣĲԡ
ɳڵ𣬴ʱŷ֣ԭӦùӦɳڵӾһˣ´󼱡
ֱ֣СǱסˣɫʱһݣͷҪɳţͰҷȻþĲɳڵˡұ֤кܶɳڵᡣ
߸ֱ֮ɫСӣ㵽˭
ߺȻ̾ڰ˫ɷ˿ɰˡ
ɫһ䣬һɣʶڰ˫ɷ
Уʶ˶ˣ̸磬ϳ꣡Ҫɱңұ֤֮Ҳ֮ЦеſںסĲС
㲻ҵʣǿ̸ģ

ץߣСӣҹ㣬ƭңұؽʬΡ
УʬʲôģԸ塣ۻѱүʬأһѣɱɱٴΡ
ʱһץߴڳ棬һۻδУһޱߵĽȻ
ΪȻ˵ãκαƾͼء壬ܲסһͻȻ֮ץߣͺ¡һµɡ
ɫʱọ̀󺧼УߣҪɱңңһܴܴô
ͷô죿ͷʱ߼ֱɽ̫ˡ
ƺһ֪֮࣬ʱ˵Ķ֡ԣԥؽһٶȥù
ɲǼ䣬͵Ϯĺһץסߣ
ƽأЦе̾ͷǺˡ
תˣߴ֣壬ɵظӡ
һߵޱã


047 ˰©֮ɳ
سֵĺˣȻǹ塣
¶һĨЦ⣬һƣȻĪҪðյˡҲǴδζܳߡ
ⱲӴûдʱŭᡣʢŭ߶ĤƣթС
˭붼ŭȻһСһ仰ƭ˵زǼֱɳܰ
ЦУֲ⡣һ䣬ҿʮɳڵӵԴ
̱ס𣺡ҡ
úúãҲңţ棬µһΣñ˵ҵĵɫһʹȥ
ȳȥ
ʼ磬ȻԵõȥ֪һս볡ƴ󣬹²
ΣȻضɽҡ
һĨ⻪ȻɽһĽɽһΪһȻХҹգҫ貹⻪òѤÿֲ
¡һ£ɽ𽥱߽⡣һǿĳתԷ籩ķʽϯ˷
Ϣ緢ڷ籩Ŭվˡ飡һӰɽƮȻߵǰһץˡߣ
ս壡
һսðĿɿڴķ֣Ȼһϵķ衣
ҿȻܷɰ̫ˡ߹ªˡ
˵ѲѣΪΪͿԷ衣ʵϣս鶼߱Ƶķ

ӰٵĴԶ
һأԴѣôˡѵǼһû
˵أһۿⱻݻٵСɽ˶ʱɫ䣬ʲôｻֹ
죬һһڴǿߣǲΪ
ûܰڵؼߣǲģɽ˰죬ʩչʽʽھ
ԶĳأϹ˹۲죬дüʽȻǶҵĲ֮أ
һͨضǶαװɱõˣƳɹͼıؾڵش
߰ɡϹûȤڿȥƮȻȥ
һԣϹϴϴ˿ڣص󣬾ԲҪðաΪĻҪҪϵش󡣡
ʯͷϣһһ䣺壬˵ǲǸҽһЩʲôأ
Ʃ磬棬Уϳ̸磬¥һһߵģ̾ȻҪǷϣǾͰǲҡ
ϹȫӲͬƵģһ㣬֪ġ
ޱ飺׹˺󲻵죬μСԵǰԱʹҺţûˣƾʲôǡ
ƩΡһ㲻Ҫҵɵӡı飺ϻӪйܹʧܣȻˡûߣ֪
Ϲͬ־˵ɺϣǾ̫ҵˡ
ϹĳһЩϢϵķӦٶ̫ˣˣ벻ʲô𰸡ʵϣһʼ߾ͲˣϹ˸ɴõˡ
߲ø߹ٵ٣ŷϣҲӶ϶Ϲ˸ٲĸ߹֮һйϵ
߾࣬Ѿгֵ˵ˡ
ϹĿɿڴҡͷЦұǹ㣬û뵽̧ͷµòڻǸʱ򡣡
Ϲ˺Ȼǣ겻ǲִǸͲΣյĴ
ǣȻֹһϹء߲ɫȴҵйأ
Ϲ˻һ֪ˣ
ʼ磬Ϲ˵һγ֣֪ܡΪϵûǸݵλϹĸ֣ڰб
µˡϹ˿ЦԼĲ⺢̫ϻˣֻܸ㣡
ʮǰйء
￩һ£ɥ꣺
˭壬ƫƫʹ塣ֻðȥ

Ϲһ߽֮ȷ÷һʣʲôʱ˵
гԱʱҪôΪﵽžϹָҪôȨաһ٣ǰǰ뽣ѧ𡣡
һͷϹ˶ʱϲã̫ˡϧв©֮ɳҵֻѧ뽣
©֮ɳϸϸ׽Խǰ뽣Ѳ⡣
Ϲ˵ͷ֮һģ²©֮ɳϧ©֮ɳȻȥԶסһ׽ʣС
Ϲ˳ϺĿȣ˵֮ˮ©֮ɳ˰֮
һһʽһսδؾҵĶ֣

ϹһأҪĿľǿǷ񰲺ã޴¡
ָһᣬϹҪˡҪ˵ģϴﶼѾ˵ˣûߣҪչԼ
Ϲ˴ӻȡӣԼһս鱦һȡġ
⼸ǰǲǵˣúҪķʱ⡣Ϊ׼ĵڶֻս飬һֻս顣
ĬĬӹ˷ǲľ顣ȻϹ˱ǶԭߣڻùĵȻϹ˵ĺá
ۼϹתߣߺһȡȡʣöͬݹȥ
Ϲ˴һͬġ
ԥᣬϹȡһöʣһöպãҪ֪ҩʦƳɵҩΪĪô
أϹתˡ
ߺȻٺһЦ󺰣Ϲˣ´θҿˡ
Ϲ˲һûϵʧЦСһ
ȻеһĨů顣ã


048 
պһ죬һƱ̤Ϲ;
ݴСԱ죬ڹˡݣԺ˵㡣ݹԱҾ˳͸С
ɳڣ󱾵عԱֵһɽͲˡ
Ѿ̯ƣѡ˺켸˸ǣЧҡˣû˼ලִС
ǣʶ¾ͰڲعԱЩ֮ɳڣһСɣ˵ȻȴѾõĿֲˡ
ʵϣתһ룬һپᱻЧҡһЩôȻ׳кôġ
ÿһҺɶҸ͢˦ӣӳ͢ĴڡССһңǵһĴڡͽãһ·
һڣǵһݡ֪ݵȹԱΪ߸ɳڵİѱԲ¡ǹٳرļܡ

ûٶ룬ܶණѾ¶ٶˡȻḡˮġ
ؾǵٶȱʱҪ˲١
Ϊһ˵ջ񲻹Ǿͬҽ׸ǵĺôԼΧɳڵսƷ
Ҳ̫̫ĺôУʯǺܶ࣬һڵĲԴ
ϾһƱ꣬ΪöʮɫһңĵϵǱ֪ͬǳͯľɭĳø߹١
һ·ϱд˴Ĺı棬ŲɣԽꡣ걧ԹĻŵĻӦĻˡ
˵ò߿ǰ;ޡһβѶȻܴ󣬾Ȼ౻ƽһʱΪںδ׼Ļˡ
߲ʱԽԽãһƵʮʱþͱȵĸʱһ˵һĸʱЧߵġ
һһʱǾǼɼܲסߵЧãٶȾ١
ԣ˹٣ֻҪĻŴһгʱ
һ·£ĥҲʱҸӸһսˡ
һ˭

˭
סվҹȻϢͭޱڴĴһ˭
᲻Ὺһͼ
ʽĵףƽ顣²ս飬ิϵˣоҲðٸоôĹµ
ߵǺȻЩϧϹɱʱ̫ԶûꡣȻû׼ܸս顣
ѨһսԼɳһսͭίʵȡ˲ʮߵľ꣬л˺üġӦòۼ
ս飡Ӧܸܳսˡ
β߻Ū岿ְˡѡ񸴻ս顣
һĿں۾ƹս飬ȻϢð
䵱Ѫܵζ߾ᰡϣЦɰɣ淸
ս鼳ȡѪһѣֻսʵսɫ䣬ĹˣȻһݣ
ݼ
ߴľ죬棺ɡǺˣǲңôɡ
ȻƮһһָʱȫϢӿԺ

ľȻһᣬ˼Ի󲻽⣺ϴ㲻ô佫ķʽ֣
Ȼش
·һȻԼֱλöһͼȻì뵶ܵͼǡֵıˡ佫֮
һΣ߿ĺȻǡ佫֮ζʱܸʥȳˡʷľ½죬ڸΧڡ
߼ڰ佫֮ҪǲүүԿүүһ
òװ¼߾ļڵ״̬ʧѪࡣ
߲̫ˣһζิͼս顣ĺʹȻ뿴ʲôʷˡ
һΣѪ֮ȴ˾ȵķ֣ûиеʹζô£Ҫ
ʱĿɿڴĿֻĵͼսȻݵߺ°ݼ
ϴ㲻ˣҰɣ죬Ȼǰ㸴£ܻ棬սϷˡ涪ˡ
ޱֻս飬һݣЯвμ
ͳ۾в
һ룬ߴͷɥΪʲôǸҾΪʲôǸݼҾΪʲôǸ
߱սʵǣʷ֤ġ
һԵͭͨһЩ߶ʱˡԭҪĳһֻӣȾҪֻӵľ١ҪҾҪүү
ٲܴƺʲôˣпꡣһͨȻõƺʧ
ܴû壬ֻиܲٲܸ븴޵ؾƺҪȸսʼʡ
йǣֻܸЩʷľӣһɫľеľ񡣺ñؾֻܸؾӥʿ
ЩӲ࣬ҶǾеľע̫࣬Ļ棬ƺ֡
߱룬һսɵĴء
ףɸֵǰľӱȣǿǲˡ
Ȼ䣬߳ڴɺҾ;һ죡


049 лʵ
ִﾩǵʱѾսһЩŪ˸š
Ϊս飬ڸսһ㣬ӢҼԨǿ
һԱȣǶˡս飬õȼ߾һʵսǿ
ԨܣֱǡһԴΪ嶷Լɾն顱ս鹵֮ͨ󣬷СŰսԼˡ
ʵ෢֣ļֵڰսͳ˧սŰܡҪǶЧΪսЧ
Ȼ˸߲ҡ
һγƽ֮ʱûҪ²⡣ڡ佫֣֮ôʣµĵʲôѾһЩ⡣
һżڴ
ԵĲ˵ʣĵ֮УȻУ߰϶Ĳ²⣺ĳ֮Լ֮

һǳͯľɭķ٣ʵΪҺñι۹⣬ɵҪ
Ȼ߽ƽңÿһ˳ӵջ񣬻Զ˲ڼֵڼǧϵĽʯ
ⲻͨ͵ִ峯һ˼ңһиӣͿԹȽϸˡ
ΪԴһ㶼ڳ͢ɣԼһҪϳͷأֻΪЧԻԴ
ֱӽɢˣȼԱá˾ݽı棬һĲȵȡȻӺ֮ˡ
ȴ˿֪˷ĽѾ̸Ĺע

̸֪絭ȻһЦòѶôܰãûйҵĹע
һ𣬾ͲӦܰƽġǣ߼İƽû͢ע£˶·¿ɳڡ
ҡΪ֡
һУֱȥһȦͳɹĴźôͽˡ
ǳĳɾͣһ㣬ʡûڵһβУ˳ɫٺãǣģһҪ
Ҫǣ߰һУûжû͢עȻûؿˡ
˹С뼶Ĳ̫ѡȻ߿ϰӽᣬ춼ǵˡ
ʮĴƷ죿̸Լ̲סЦˡʮʱ򣬻ʲôء
ΪʲôʮĲأ˭ûй涨̸紹׷ľڣ˼˰ں׷顣£ʲôᣬıսڡ
ȡúóɼ֮λġʱְˡ
̸·ڣһЩûĶһĨ⣺ã㾿ʲôĪǴı

İ࣬ݻĻʵۡ˵ƻʵȻءʹδöôݻ
ܵ˵һλʵǱȽӢģʮǰңΪƴ˶ʮĺƽ䣬һλʵ۵Ŀڱ൱ΰ
У̸һĿϡ
˶٣ʵȡڷһֱһԣã
ǵģڹ棬ΪǱðǵغ壬˽ɿ̸״治ɫ
ʵۺȻȥݣΡ
ǡ̸絭Ȼߴϻ۹ˣ˼͡ߵΪѴﻯѨ
ʵתһŲ԰׵ʱѪɫĿ˸ӣΪʲˡʵҡҡͷȴΪˡ
ʮǰǳңȻ˼¡
̸Ȼ֪ʵ۵Ǳ̨ʣ£Ϊ˳Ȼ
ʵ۵ͷŵϳĿǣС⺢ӽթˣҪôƽӹһҪôնݳ
ǣʵҵĿ˰죬ǵͨ죬һԵ̫༱æǰǣôʮǰû²֡
̸絭Ȼ
⺢ӣǰΣգʵɫ죺һЩȻûʮǰ뿴⺢Ӱ
뷢԰׵̫࣬ӣס԰οȻĻʵۡ
ʵ۷סټڴϢȻˣޣΪǺӣǺӴһͶֶѣѵô˼̹ӣ
ʵԽ˵Խ޻Ǳƻʵۣһ֮Ҫ˭ͱˡ
ǺӳԿࡣʱѾ̫ˡʵȻ룺ĸס
ǵЩ˿ƣԭǿۿǺӳġ
̫లο£⺢ӵûˡ񻹻ţĸھȪ֮£ȻϢˡ
̸ĬȻΣһ£
ʵۺȻס˵ˣ;ͣ䣬Ҫټǰʮ
ǡ̸£Լ˳Ȼ
̸˲Զһ𶯲̸ף۲תһĨĹ֮ɫ
˻ʹ̸絭£֮еĽ߱á

䣡
ķѣȻ󣬿ֲ
̸ʲôϳŭݣݵʯôûˡʲô
һԵ亹ֱðһ׮£ҹŮԲˡ
˽½ǻʵһɹ˭ñ˭С¹شҵĸһָʹܿƵģǻʵ۶Ʋסġ
ȻȻ˽²úɳڵĹϵαװԱӶﵽĿġ
Ƚϳ죬ˣ²
֪ԼҸĺߴûǶûʲôɫ


050 ս
սڣԼ鰸
̸²֮λȻΪѵͷѡ֮λһҪµġ
Ȩƺ淨򡣾һǮȨ淨һһΪþʣòƴǮ
һҪúãʣһҪȨƺ磬Ҫ֧֡
߲̫ǣʮǰйءҲǲˡ
֮λһҪ¡
Ѳ飬ɳȻǺϵֺϵǱȽǣɳ˽ɿȻбȻڻζ
һȥǾ͵ڲ鱱áһ룬߾;ͷۡ
鰸˵ʲôʱͰԼˡڣҲʲôò¡
ڿһЩǣҪƵǿ˽֡ʲôȡúóɼ߾ԼַҪơ
ƤСĺ³֪󣬳˷ֻܾʣ˷ܣƴҡ߼򣺡ǿǲ찡ƷӲ쿪ʼʽ߼ԱײĿˡ
ȡһӶϰٻ֮λȴлΪ졣ȷܡ
ҪҡˡͷΣֲҡǮҡҲûá

Ǵģ˫壬һΪջ񡣶Ϊա¸Ҫе֮һ
շֱǣڣߵ顣īڣ˵顣Լڡ
һ죬ƸɣҶǲǿ롣֮Ǳÿһεǿˮ׼ʢᡣ
⴫Ųĺʽ䣬һ߽ߣȻЦó
㻹֪أǳͯľɭˣ
߲ΪȻСһ׮ǳͯľɭԸһǳġһ·ϣӵӣǱȻġ
⹦һһĻ£ߴգգۣ
ĵŤˣһͷӱǿĸţҪ˵ҾͲˡ
Ĵݻ󣬴ʱߡ˵Ϊ׵ˣȻһӶ
ʵǴӴԺһӶˣǲ֮ƾ߶ս׺ͣս˫ؾʣΪǱʮɫˡӴˣһԾΪδϱжٴٹ˶׷ס
粻Ǳø߹٣һָʹĴѡֻµ׵Ļڸ硣
ǣʵܲˣܵסѡ
߶°ͣ죺ţ椣ʵܲءҼϵǴ٣˵״㡣̫һˡ
Ĵ˵ûжֵ޵ġƾ˭һӡһׯŮκΣӴˣ߶ӡ˳ɶһһɨ˵⺷
ı٩öˣӦЦߣĪҪΪܺõȥҵ˵в˶Ů޸ء
޳Ҿ֪ô˧ˣעǶ㲻һծġɣһӴĺ󡭡߹ϱ죬ʲ˵ɻ䡣

ƹһʱܼͥԺ
ҡ˷ɽȭߴȣӰʩչȰĲסˣһȭ޼翿Ѱ˺ɣ
ӰʵһͲѣһ˵䡣
κνǶڶεѶȶǼһƵˣ䣬ƾ⣬֪Ѷ֮ˡ
ҶûжġȻضʲô
䣬Ǳʮ굽ʮ˲롣ĵǰʮ꣬Ȼٴ꣬ξٲһ
ϧͺ߸ĵ࣬һţôؼϣȷܶˡ
ǱƳ͢ϵһǿģǣԲҺӵܡ
ȥǰʮûһΪǵâģĿǰǻѨ硣ûʲôܡ
ˣûз֡ƤСĺȻѽ£ǲǺƣҪҪǣ
˴㵣ߴš찡бƤСĸٶ۵˭ûзõĲư
ֲƵĳ̶ȣƺǿ֡ߺܵĲ̬ΪǿҡԴˣƤСвޣƾʲôǸء
û취ǼǱӵܣãֲֻܳˡ֮ǰǲûãû̫ࡣ
ǣÿһϰ°࣬ܽӴˡǷݲƣƤСĲˬΪ
Ψһοǣԣֱ߲ӵܡһûôͷıӵܣżһƱˣοһ˵ǹͺˡ
ꣿٹ꣬Ҿͳɻʯˡ߲²ۡ
С˹ο̰ɣ̾͹ȥˡһԳ˭õء
СߵĺһļһһǴԳ񲻹ǿϰٻ֮λ˵ְߵģӵΪױűⱻ۸
ˡС̾һǰٻʵְкλ֣һ˾ûйǡ
ٻ֮λߣʵƷˡϲģ嶼ѾʮˣˣȻûûƤߡ
ȻôܵڶȻ¡
С֮ǰȻԼ͸¶һСһЩ˵ǼְˡǼĸ
˵̸ȥμڣ˶в
С纰һлл߿꣺˵ɡ
οЦȷ¡˴̸Եѡȥμڣֻһӵܣ˶ΪƤ
ӣϯ׼ƻ֮ǰһǿˡ
ԱڤڣĸˣôȺôܻӭܲסкüλڤڹͷ
ϯ׼һδԵİͷһС֮סСұ񣬿κβסѾһλָ֪ͬʢļС
ƻǹգǻӵܣȻǱȽϵˣȻ֮ڣһǡ

Ųôˬ飬ؼеʱӭλ֮͡


051 ƣʦ
߳ˬѵ£¶첲ţ
ɡ͹
δָţʦ˵ģơףʱһ
δʮϸĵĹ۲ͼӽ£ǺȻƣȻǣȻ
켶ƣ󺰡
翴׳е񣬽һ񺮲ѣȴһ
ͭԼӡͼȻϬ

һʼǲδڡơ˵
ʦܲͶУоƣû˭ɹʦ˵һ񻰣նͺȫһ
ƣʦĸоʦһֶ
ǵģʦÿһλʦ׷յ㣬û˴ﵽû˵ܶʦʦĴڣơ
´Ǽܲסͽ߶ĥ£ŹһһۣѾĻǸˡ
ȻƣȻƵĴڡ
ͼһ˷ܴĵӿҲͻΪؼʦĻᣬֻҪֵʱоаͻơ
ãһ붼Ũͼˣʦ
Ȼ䣬¾ʦơĺȻԾҲֻʦơ
һգۣµûʦһϣؾ֡
ºò״ͼаλĿ⣬̧ͷߣʲô˵ӽҵͽܡһԾŶ
κΣ˿ˣʲôǷ緭飬ǣΪʲôҪͽܣ
´˴û䣬Ȼ˲ʦ
ʦŵҵһٻҪ㡣ʦϡٵ磬һ˼ʦݵλñпԺԺʿ
ǵʦϲ㣬ȥһңʵ۶ҪĶԴ㣬ٸ൱ĴɱȰ˹̹ţˡ
ʦϲ㣬ǿ󣬵ֻҪһ仰ǲݻһĳ͢
ûʦûս飬ûʦһӶӵս飬һЩսĶս鲢ĥĻʹս·ϣʦԶ޾Ҫ
෴ǣʦһе佲ԣʦԶԶһг֮Ϊ͢õģֻһλʦ
ʦһССְҵֻҪΪʦȥݵλݣλƸʦġ

°춼ţȻ˻ܾΪʦ
ʦݣϯʦݡ͢ʾͽܣ֪ȨĸԸԼӵܹء
һˣ¶˦ˡǣƾǰĪ˵Ҫȫң붼ԥĴӦ
ǸưΨһơ»һʦڳ߾ñӳ飬ԷԲߡ
ʦĺܶ࣬ǣʦ˵ϹĸơһֻսܷӶսģơ
ΪʲôûиһƣΪԿ͢Ψһĵʦ֡ƤΪʲôû˽ƣΪ벻õʦõơ
սʱ򣬽ϳ̸Ϊʲô˳Ծһĵ
ţֻҪܰǰоһɣͻΪʦֱһġֻҪоȥʦδûпܡ
벻ΪʦһʧЧһʱ벻ķˡ
ǸʲôģһˣԹɫǱرļܡһۿǰԲޱ߷˳̸ΪʲôҪͽܣ
ǱȽϳʦ֮ײһ²˼ʱ˼Ҫʲô˵ǡֻҪҵͽܣоơ
񵤣ʯ̽
Цֱͷʣδʣ٣ûϵǸʵҪҪ
˵ĹŹɫߺȻԼһʲֻǣƺûܰ󻯡
أ£ƤĵҩӦǲȱˡͷһ䣺ʦ
㣺ã̫ˡߣδƵһҪܣԲй¶㣬һй¶鷳Ҫء
ûһ˿ЦصɫŲţˡ
ϧ߶սʦ˽ʼ̫٣ȻվԲ׾ͷʵϣֻԶԶ͹Ƶļֵ
һ仰ʦ֪ƣԻԸһ

ΪµĵӣûӰߵôǲ٣ÿ춼оƣٺö
Ȼϰ°࣬ϹԾǷòżȥһζ¥ǲƵӣò֪⡣
ǳͯľɭɵߵĻǾתᡣһ˵ĸ׶ø߹٣ܷ¶á
һתȥһתȥҴԸһתĴꡣһαȽϺƽķ֣Ĵܱ߰˶û̫
־ͬƳɵҩȡһңתǳͯľɭҲյˡһҶɴס
ģʼջǻ
գһ칤ʱߣӦ˵ߺĸ鷳ˡ
Ǻյʮ𴫣ģʽ䣬ߣ
ͷšʮɫһƺţ˷ͷעһײ


052 Խ޵ĵ
ģʽ䣬ߣɸҳҵһս
ɢܿŵĹעԻſϷ飬ڴһƵģ׷
ʿ߰ˣȻߵİ칫ߣХϢǿ
ûлӦͷ˵ȻһЦڽХһĪλ㵨ûУ
һȺԱߣȻһӢһھǹȻȺʲôܣĽɣ
ƤСĴŭ³˵˵󺰣ģҪСӣСܣֱ
ƤǼ˵ܣǰ³еƣ˲ǹϵܡȻԳܣõȻûǡ
ƤСıŭ󺰣ϬţƵĿ˵˭Ҳ磬Ǿҳ顣
³˳ȵǴ򲻹ǰѰߴڵһ֮ɡ
³˲ϳɣһ߿ƤСģԴȥصëΪ˵͸ƨһԽԽã˹ȻеЦ츳
һ
һӰζžһ졣³ƺߵɣʱ
װİĴ֣Բѷ죡

ϯ׼ӡƻΪһ֮ǰϵĴ֣ǰ;ĸˡ
ϯ׼һĴ꣬Ӻƻǡ԰ǸУϸΪ˲мңǲõθ߼ְģû˸
Ѿ֪ͬʢңһӴƽԾΪ񣬷ͷܾƢԲãûһС塣
ϯ׼ƻҪˣĳ˵ǲľߡ
ߵôʱ򣬰ӻرڤˣϯ׼ƻԶȥˡԣһʱǡ
˲ͬڵģֱΪĴ֣ȻǰнϾϯ׼ƻһȻһѷˡ
ϯ׼ƻһ˽˵һЩµ˲٣˵¼Ƕꡣߥ޵ģģԲ١
ͷʮɫ̤ãϯ׼˵ķͷ͹עǼһġһս
ϯ׼ƻһᷢᱻ̨ΪߺǱӵܣƾһɣʹ´ˡο˭ɫģϯ׼Ǻγһȡ
ò˵ǣ̸귴ָ˲μڣȷò˰в
ӵʲôʸòμӣѹ˱öʮ꣬ʲôʱֵõΪˣ
ϯ׼ƣǿ˵ľٶ
ڵɱκΣһڶֱӾײûͷ˼ҶڶȴɵƵϹ¡
һ·Ϸ˲٣һײͷ˶Цϯ׼ֻ֮ĵ״ѵŭȼţ
һϯ׼ȲľХƿգģʽ䣬ߣҵһս

ںǣ
ơ߰ڰ֣ûϽҲʮǰҡ
ʽ̧ͷʹࣺϿ˵̫٣Ҳ̫ˡʮǰңصֱϢǣֻпƲ⡣
ΨһԿ϶ǣʮǰҸйأʵһյֻʣ±εģڱ׷ɱѾǿߣսüȫûһս
Ǿ˼ˡ˼ȼݴ󹦣Ȼڴ˺ʮ꣬øСһ겻һƵģ̫ˡ
߾ǱóȻ֪öңҵǰľֻõһ롣
ϣӴĸϣޱȷζġֻǼ
벻ͨߵȻ֪ԼԲǻӣʮǰңƺ˿˿ƶԵޱȸӡ
ʱĻʵ۴գƺپҡ߷֣֮󣬸󾩾Ҫ켸ûгֱͷ¡
ίʵˡʵ۵жѾĴڰֶѾǾݲˣôóɡ
׵ǣӾϢƶϣʮǰңȺüүķѡǣʮһүƨûУȻңš
ԽԽǣݺһҾڣԴʲôʵ۰һȻ˶û׼ֱлʵ۵ƤҲ˼ʵۣ
ΪһƱʹذ壬ʱʱλ氡
飡ӣںǣ

ϯ׼һȺŭ棬ɤӶɳˣڿʩȻãȻ޹ĳ
ʩȻ꣡ãȻ꣡޹꣡
ϯ׼۾𣬸Ƶģ޲ðͱʮ˸
һһɿϷӣȻ򣺡ǻˡһ٣ЦУһ֣սǣŶӣһ
ĵɫʱ絼һȼ˸˻ܵķŭӣҲս
ϻ˵ģʽ䣬Ǿһȣ˭ʸμ䣡
ϯ׼ƻԱһǳ켤ԽĳХֱĺʽ䣺óóı죡
ĿɿڴңﶼĮӣί
ǲҳֵģһԣƺʲôм
죺ͷģ


053 ǰĽ
ӰȻ
㲻ҽ֣
ҪʹٷϻһĨⷺƵġӰʩչʱ֮£ٲȻһ㡣ǴӰһʱޱ˳ԾٶȺƽӣ
˼ҰţƣǰλȻװƣ
ӰȰĲϣȡӵӰһ㡣ɫǰ˷ɽȭһʽ֣һը
ɫһ䣬֮ɫеӿ𼸷־ȡȻ󣬾ȱ߷ߣ
ǰӼܣһʱ֮£ܱܵõӰӰΡ˷ɽȭһУһķȥ
Цǰװƣ֪㣬װҲܸɵģĻǰ
˵ĵ΢΢ԾѡⰲӣȻ磬Ϊίʵ𾪣
һԾ߷ߵĳ֮ɫָߣ㣬Ȼܴңһŭ𣬷·һͷԾϱƵҰɱ
һӭҪʹ£ϻס壬ٲȻڻѩһģƮĵסӵӰӣ
߷ߵİӣͱߴ꣬ΪǸ߸硣һȭཻǿɽȭƥκβסΪ񣬾ߺȴ
ò˵ȻקöƵģȷһʱ򣬾ƾ˷ڵı죬ͱõ˰ˡ
䣡߼ľ̰֮࣬Ѵһֱȱʵսһð

ÿһ˵ƢԲһɲһսƫ
һ仰ǣûоͬƬҶӡҶˣΣ
һѧһþտǸӵĲ
߰ѶӰȽƤȻƤƫÿɽȭӰ˵ȴԵúѡһǸսϵĲ졣
Ϲ˺֣ߵѧи͵ĿɽȭĲãйĶӰΪϹ֪һߵսͶϵ춨
ߵʵϹ˻һõѧʦĥ·ӣȴγɷĿռ䡣
ܶѧʦ޲ðÿһͽܶƳһԼ
һʲôˣԼ˵ϡûһ̱ľ׬Ǯĵ·׹˽޳顣
̱һεľ߱ˣӻ飬ӳǣҲߵоסһֻħ
ÿһﶼһֻħһߵԼħձ˵ħһֱóõġ
ĵ׵ֻħԣ
ʱ֪ĳĳ仰˵˵ˣȻ֮ǰԼֱǰ׳աֻԵħ
߲ΪһΡΪ޵ξʡˣ˸ìܡ
ʲôӣʲô֪
ãȻתۣƱһĻѧ밲ӽ֣ǽһЩɬϤң·ѧ屾ܡ
ãȻʲôΪʲôãȻ
ߺȻʡ
һһ˼أļƬΣصһ𡣰ѧһһεĽڣһ˿һƵĿ¼
İģϤģȥģڵģģ׵ġ㣬棡
ɽȭãӰãȻģܵĽսȴĻ磬ȻɣתУûһ˿һɬ
۾硣ҪͷҪͷֱ
ߣˣ

ܻﻹʣһ˿Ĺ쵰㾹Ȼ
Ϣ𶯣ɲǼ䣬Ҵ״һľݵ磬ȴֽƬһƮëһһᣬӵ˵õֺ
ϲôЦ𶯣³˺ͰƤ˵Ĺ΢Цףһۿ³͵ӡ³ָ󺰣ߣ˵
۵һĨ⸡֣ǰۿҪײϰ棡ȴȻһת
·ǰһɲѾѧͨˣһ㣬ӵ𣬹ᷢȫ֮޴ı
¡⿴ƽһȭȻƽ׶
Ȼ绤壬κΣ粻ȫɲ֮䣬Ѿߴǿͨһȭ
ҾĲ㣡һ߷ҰްĺУˤɣһſ˦ѪöѪݣ
ԶսȺУ֣̾ѣȭߡȻһײôȭ˾տ
˼߰ǰͷˣսˡԲʵΪȻһȭܴ磬Ѿȭøˡ
Цߣġ仰Ҫˡ
ʵ仰Цѧõġ֮й֪ĹԱ仰ˡ

Ӳŵͷİݣ
Ǳڤڵӣ֮ӣߵǲǶáôܣô˾
ʱĿХһſŤߣȡ㹷
ˢһ³ʣָգϢ𵴣ս˫壡ȥ
Ƴգ
øɫ䣺˫壡ãҪˡϣѵ߼ˣǾ;ԲС
һδ䣬ӾȻһɳ죬һ⣬ٿ쭶£⼤˵ɱ
Уеüĺ࣬˵Ĵ
ÿĽ͵Ľ
أһ˺ָᰴڽϣ


054 ֮𣬽˫
©֮ɳ̫ࡣϹ˽ǱҪòҪȻʩչ
ġŰս͡ˡãʱ̫Ϥ
ôֻǡɾն顱
һһĵս鼼һУ
ս飬壡ɾն飡
һ䣬Ϣս֮бӿһ֣ʮָ趯һΧȻϢĽ߸С
ɱңƵҵս鼼ɾն顱ɡɾն顱һԷΪս鼼
գЯƳաн񶾿ЦнʲôҴ򣡡
սߵĳֵһ羳֣˲ӵлʵ
ӵĿЦȻֹĽƳգۼҪնʮ˿ʱһ΢ǽȻʲô磡
ӲŭЦƾ磬Զģˣ
Բ飬ǵֵסġһߣһյĽ׶Σǡǡǽ𵤾ܷͲһڣ
ɫ䣬ϧѡĻѨΪӵΪ߰˸硣δؾͻ˿ƴ·硣
ɾն飨һʫȡǴ˼Ҳʫĵ˼µһ磬ڽĺ£͵һᣬ֧̾飬ޣ
ߺȻչһЦЦ⣺Ϊҵս鼼ֻһЩôˣ
ս鼼ɾն飡ԶĪҪһ֣Ԩ԰ȫ
ʱɾˣ

ϣ𶯽֮һɫĽ⣬·֮бŷ
һɳָһʣָ޲ٲȻǾ·бճһĹɫʡ
һĽɫ˿ߣ˵Ŀ֮Сɲ֧顣һĽ˿ǾĽת۽һĶигƬ
һЧ©֮ɳģ֮𡱣
ǣģʽȼˣ޲𺳵ؿһǰ߽ǵ֮һȻ˹ǿ󣡡
ңƣ
۵Ϥռ죬ʲôȻȻ˹ֲ
һѪ磬һ´ѪȻ˺ۣһ·ϰա
ĿһĻø֣޲𺳣ǣСӼֱֱ£
벻߾Ȼ˾ѧСƽؿɿ
ϯ׼ƻ޲Ŀɿڴؿ⾪˵һĻţһѨ־Ȼһ֣Ҫ֪֮ǰĴţȫ˺ս˲
ˣϯ׼û˼߽֡Ȼ⼸˺䤱ŭżһֱ˵ѧеͬ飬ֻһҿû
£ﻹʣս֮ģǻѪģһ֮£һɨա
һ˺۵׹ȥȴȻһŭХһӰ°ӣ֮һת۾ͳǰ
ÿȻ޷׽ֻŭԾգСұڤڵ
һ£һǿֲ֮
һŤ·Ť˾Ȼ𺳵ķʽͷŻƾ֮϶Ժ䡣ȻӲâǰ
һ׶
Сɾն顱绤ȻѪֱʮףײһѼɽСžһײ飬صУ
ߣ³˵ȾŭĲһ
ߵΪļɱڷһɨ֮£ͱϤɡ
ʱϳǱڤڵģѹˣ

ĸߴЦţһߣСֵĻǲ٣ҲӲҿôӵùϷ򣡡
һʯУ߲ҰҡǱ֮ȴںٺЦû֪ΪʲôʱЦĳ
ŻһѪЦڤڣΪǱڤڱһʺû˸Ҳˣ
ĪҪˣﲻǱڤڣãǱơðٻɱңǸ͢ΪУ
Цеؿܴø֣ƨãƨ֣ȻűڤڵļԼ˵ͷϡҪ϶ϣþһʺԺͲҪԳˣԳƹʺɣ
øɫѿȴǾ仰˵ĵʹƵؿд֮ƣ
˶ɱĿ⣬Ȼٴ಻ëɫ࣬ԹȣС֣˽˶Թôҳϡ
һĨǵѪЦϣشİǰһŲ˵ԴϣЦΪǱڤڱһʺû˸Ҳˡ
Сүƽõľǲʺȼˣ
¶ޱȵԹ߹Цȥһȭһƣصȣصı˵һ仰˵ǳԲѷִˡɣСүͰĵ
৵һ˺Ѱӵ·¶壺ĵڹȻ¶е˷绯ȻˣåСү͸еһŲڰϣ
ô谢ˣСүʮ
޲ľֱ̫ˡǺ𣺡С֣ңұڤڱȡ㹷
ָˣӣ
ȻɱΪû֡ýҪ߱ɱˣǾͲشˡ˵ˣǹǱڤڵģˡ
ǱӵܣʼնԼˡ
һѪ׹ʢɱڵһԾɱ֮ĪΪ̸㣬ܰ衣ȡ
ʱʴһ
̸ĳ͵ˣʸ裡


055 ־
̸ĳ͵ˣʸ裡
̸ߣ·߽٣һصײ
һ㵭ˮɫƮĴߣӵƽߣԶһС¥ǹŭһˮɫˮһûһС
Ȼɫ䣬ɷһŰֽ־
ǿ޲־
ɫ˳һֲֿ˲ͷųʮɸߵĺһһУһСŭֻһ
־ûɵģǿһһۣԸԳǧĴΧˡ
ɫԼٲתۼߵֻеŷһ͵ķ紵Ȼû˿˺еº͡
ɫŭһϣ类СɽһλɫıʮףһѪѾѪɫ־塣
ֲͷţֲշ磡
ĿִֵǿȻ߶ȷ˼
̸ֻ𣬾Ѿ˿¡أ񻯿ɵó仰гˣһӱ
лᣬΪʲôҪȡĻأ
ߵһ׬ģ¾һξûʲôˣͿˡǣ׬ܾ࣬ľˡΪʲôȡأ
̸ĳģ־СϷλ̫⡣̸Ȼߣģʽ䣬衣޳羳ҾͰСϷڸǡ
ٳ̸ֵ类Ϊصĸ֣û֪Ϊ˽Ķ
գȻΪһСС֣һ־Ȼͱ¶Ϊֱζȥ¡ѵ̸˽ӣ

𺧵ţסָǣ̸ָʹСӺڵǰұڤں󣡡
ߵƶһ仰ˣرڤڣ
ɫ䣬ǰһɨ߰Σ̸磬˵ҪƫСӣã֮£ұڤڼ
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ѹ֮Ӵӹµ˳Ȼѡ񣡷֮ߴŹâѡ·
ڹλ֮ǰ˭ô˭
ĵī֭һ´Ӵڼ䣡˲ƽǰĵī֭ըһ˵춯һٽ֫ϣ
ȥǵ̸
Ϊһ֮꣬һӲǾԲ̸пķڶǿĿɿڴ߾̸˵˽ӣ
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ͷɿţ߿ϳ̸磬磬¥ĸ˵УһϹһģǲ̸磿̸
ȻڵϣȴȻԹɱߵıӰߣû˸豱ڤڣӽ𣬱ڤڵˡ
߸еâڱһۣһֵ֮ġ

һһս˵ײʲô
Ŀģ¡һ˶֪ˣ̸Ծ߱Ϊһ㣬ϳ¡֮УϳǷΪһֵ飬±˽ֵ
ڶ£ߵΪӦߵʵ
һһĸȴʵʵǿİӡһ˲սԽսϡ˭ûйǣԽ߰˼սһ֮ǾһŵĴɫˡ
ڰʩչѹ׵ľ˫ʱ򣬻֮Ǿɫʡ
սѧ˵˵ʧȥгǰ߻һѹֻ˶Ϊһĵһˡ
ߺģ˭ǿ˽һĻ⡣ߵǲ̸˽ӣһǸĻ⡣
ıȽɵĻϯ׼Ȼ߱ֵʵʽƻѷһȣ˵Ͳء
͵Ĳʮ꣬ʮ꣬ʽյʮꡣһɫ˵Ѿûκεˡ
̸纱ָ˲μ䣬һӿڷ䣬ǱȻûˣʣµ̡
źǣߵ˵ᣬûд죬ʱֻôھһʱ
һս֮Ψһĺôǣʱûв۵Ķˡ
˵ߺļͬһ壬˵ߵʵǰӵҴѾȷҲͷǰ侲
ӹңΨһϧǣʱûлȥˣ
ԽԽˡ

һ죬һδꡣΪһˬҲҹǰˡ
ǳ棬ǳأ￴һաһۼ⣬һϤ̫ʱк
̬ȱȽϺͰЦк䣬ɡ߿
·һζ¥ʱ򣬰ƽһ̧ͷһۣʱһһտյĴڣѵõĹһ壬ڷ﷢ö졣
ɫƽһԸȻɢعϢƽһ¼顣Ȼ󣬰ĳӣʦʦ
ŵӺߣһɫ׵̫࣬ƺ⣬һеܵ⡣
ʦҿˡɫķ壡ǵãǴѪ
̫һ£ۣһĨ֣ɫģ
ɫģܺ죡


056 ϳս飬ﻹ
ʹ
ﴫҵĿ
ʵ۰βƽһλԼʮ꣬ڱȽϾ;鶼Ƚǿʢ׶εĻʵۣȻˡ
СߣǺӵ츳ˣʵ˵ϲãǵġ
ǵģǰǿʸá˱ڤڵĳɫӣΪ˺ܶࡣƺһֱڻʵ̷̫˵
ʵɫã̫̾Ϣ£СԼأ
֪ʵȻϣ۰ΣԼзŭͱˣһĸ׵ˣ
걱ƴȫûΧˣ֮ӵ˼ؾǻˣڰտ⺢ӡǰС̣ؾġ
ʵû˵ǣ߼ΰеգֻ¸СѲ˸ϵ
ʵۺȻŭѣϳָʹûΧЩѾԼ֪Ϊʲô¾ȼݴ֮󣬾Ȼʵʮꡣ
£ȫȫ̫൭Ȼο
֪Ȼʵߡ
κ󣬻ʵĵãȻСߵĸף;ԲᣬᡭСΨһѪ޲ǼӺ˭
⺢ʻҸǿֻ£˶ڰȡ޲ҪӴӪȥ
Ҫ⺢ӵΪǿҪۿΪĸױ𣡡
סڴл𶯣

Ƶ軭ǳӡҪ
ûߵĵӣһûµʦµǱȽְҵ£ٻǻὲ⴫һ
˶ߴѧ˲սѧʣջ񼫴
°ԾߵѧϰԼ߼һʼ⣬ӣȻܹܺõⲢѧϰžãеʦ츳
ˡĳ˵ʦĿѧңֻоս飬пѧˡ߼˼ȷ˵ʵû̫Ĳ
ߵȻʲôѧңһǿǿѧʢȻ׽ܣպ⡣
ߴʱ䣬Ҫôǳȥ棬顣ҪôǸһд裬һϹ⣬Ҫѧʦ֪ʶȻܸȤ
ʦһ֪ʶΧǳ㷺ְҵ漰ҩʦȵȡһж˼άҪѹµʦô٣ʦ͸ˡ
һʦиר򣬵ǶҪΪȫšȻԴըˡ
иһаһе˼룬߱Ƚѧ½ĽڵЧ˳Ծĸߡû̫ã߶սѾʶһ̨ס

δѵصʱ򣬽սá
ʵϣսһ൱ӴĿ⡣ǿʦûȫ
Ʃ磬սսģʽսģʽңսģʽǺٳ֡ΪսЧ̫ˡȻȴߡһս䱸װôңػսһޱͷ¡
䱸װ֮ս飬Ǿһ¿ˡĳЩʦ߻ҪǿĹؼֵףǣսװѻá
⣬սĺϳɣһһŵĿ⡣ȴĿǰߵһȤ
ϳս鲢ʼܶȨߣҪ󣬱ȽرƷһ벻ġ
սϳɣʵϵʲһ߸սԽڣ಻̫ԸǶǴڵġԣϳսܸıһ㡣
´һ֪ʶܾҪһ䣺ߣסһ£˿ܻ̰ͼս鼼Ӷɱ㣬ս顣ȻøʦϳɣϳҪս鼼
ëȻͨϳսõĳЩս鼼Ǹ̫ˡٻ˻ôպ治ȵĴ£ʦһʦǲӦôɵġ
սص֪ʶʵ˵ġ
Ŀǰ˵ȤģʦݵλξǺϳս飬Լ
Ϲͬ־겻ָ֪ͬ·һôʦʦأǹɿԳ͢δ֪ηӦ
ϳս飬ԼơߺܸȤģƲ˵Ϲأʺо
ϳս飬߷ֵģͭһ;
ͭ׵˫㣬ŦһֻǸŦһֻ۵ãǺϳս顣

߻޵ţһֻֻֻ
һֻֻһ½ս飬ͶСһֱֻס֣һϳɡ
ʱɫ仯Ȼ󣬳ֵĺȻһֻнս顣Цˣм飺һ£ԣԽϳˡ
һʦʲôһһս顣´ѵһս飬ȥ׽߲ս顣
ͭһʦǷãǾƷʺϳɣսƷʺ͵ȼ
ߵĳɹֻ֣ͭҪԼֻͬλս飬ܺϳһֻһλս顣ʦ˵ߵȼǴһ൱߱ѶȵĻ
սƷʣֻʦ͸ǿʦʵ֡ʦضʵ
Աʦ˵Ҫ߾ȫĻֻҪɵذսͶȻ󣬾ܵȳ
һܣ˼ýܡƤĿ˲ӵܳ޳ܣиõĴʻݣ
ߺٺֱЦ°ͣҪһ£ͬȼս飬Ҫκϳɣ
һԨųȣܲܺϳǣԡ
ûԣߴ㵵ķ֣ԨƵֻнһս顣Ȼݿ̫ܲǡ
ֻһս飬ȷǱڣͱˣ
ߴľ˼顣ԡ˵սụɱụɡ
ôǰһĻʲôս飬ս鲻ݣ
߾ᰡ갡Ұ


057 Сһα
˵Ȥȼ
Ȼ߷ֺϳսĴ㣬ѼΪǷȱ֪ʶòϤ¡
һʼ°Ȼ뿴һӵǱʵûʱˣɴඪһĵñʼǸߡ
ϳս飬һԸ˵ĶƷʶûѧᣬȻûϳɡ
ΪʦҪѧϰģǺϳս飬ơƣһеĻһѧϰ
ûƣս޷һģֻụ˺ԣƾսļңֻǼϣ˴ల£ҹͨڡ
ƵƷԽãԽܷսʵԽ׹ͨƣһܰٷְٷսʵơ
밲һսս˫壬йϵ
һߣֻһֻս塣˫壬ȣǼ˲е͡ҪߵԣҪƣսϣ
˵߻ûѧָˮ׼

Ϊ˰ıսڣߵֱ˾ĴͷĿʺԸ֪ˣıսÿîһ¾Ϳˡ
첢ΪߴһҩʯҪΪЩ̸תġ˰㣬ĪҪʧǡ
Сӣһ̸˵˽ӣʺƶԡ
߲֪һĶ̸綯õĹ⡣
̸Ϊȡ뼸߹ٽйһ̸֪Ǽλ߹ٶӦˡ
ʵϣ밲һսνá߽ԻѨΪμӣ;ûãܰߵΪʱһЩܶࡣ
϶ȡһΣԣҪٹˡԣø߹ٲԵòô
ȻҪߵʵǿᡣΨһģΪһ˵УΨһпܶʱΪˡͣ׳ɼ
ƽ̸ϵĿڱԵùƽò̲пᡣɽΣȻΪһ˸ıϰߣֱ˼顣
ȽʽľûĴˡĴЦߵ˶˵̸˵˽ӣȻġ
У˵ЦУȻ˽ôȤһ
ĵӺ̣ݱΪһɲ
Ӵ߶죬ǲԶˣⶼһλĽ

ɽУƽصİȻơ
۹ҷˡ
һļʽԾߵһģ״׼ˣһץסһ٣ǧƵµɽΣҪҪһԣ
ƤСĺٺٴ֣ȻҪһ;úˬ
ŭȥ椣һ´ɽ£۴󺰴УȻһĵȴ
ˣĵܲɣһȹװ׼±ͷһ̲סһĿڣŶáϧǴ̫ˡ
һͷֲԣǺڸţߣҺ㡣ҽ磬һǹġ
һ֮½Թּ֮˶ľϡ߲ŸҷĴ󵨣ܣ׼û
ɷ߷Ȼ֪Ϊ˳ɫˡ
ţкô߳һȻţʲôͷ룺ģɵġɡ
±ģȻһ½Ƶ´壬һ½ްļкУ˵Ǻ졣
ָоͺÿһë׶ڼУˬ۷һ㡣
۹̫ˡƤ󺰣
ԺҪ³˼С
ڷУɽ½׹䣬ʱʱץסٺľΪ壬һµ׹䡣һ·׹䡣
ÿһ£Ķǣȴֻζɽ¡
ת˼㲻ǻѨͻˣ
椣㲻ţһɰܶࡣҶļȫȫܣȻעڹй¶Ϊ
ĵϸһĨɫߣ
˶ôʹ£ֻһôǴЩһԹζˣǳļɽ
һ·ϣ˵ڵĻ⡣ĺȻ¶һ˿ǣҵ˵ڣ֪ΪΣμӵ֣Ҫࡣ
ɽˣʹŹǡפ㣬¶ɫѧҲˡ
߶ݣɣѧ뱱ƺԶǺԶǷǳǳԶѧͱ֮䣬˺üҡ
İ˼⣺ҵǳ̾
ĵ׿һ£ѵ͢䣿

һҪ
һװλؼն
һԵӿЦǲɵġΪһǿֻұýβμӵܵС
ңʮǰǼ֮󣬱°ѹδҽְǣ¸Ϊˣֻҵɰ裬Ҳκ¡
ӿԹ֮ɫҲܣ֮һҪɴӪбǸС֣ǲɵġڣһᡣ
ӳΪ֣Ȼʱɱ
Ϊ֪ǣңָһһŵù
ЦˣĪǰЩʱ£뱱ڤڣǽ´ˡ
£Ұˡ
ȥһȵĽӴת˹ɱ˵ĵǻеġصǣµ̬ȡ
ҲںʲôںΪ˱ԸһССЦ
£һα䣡


058 Ϣ
߲
ĳһĳһأһһɱϳǾ档ǺˣһҪ
ϳȻЦΪ˵仰ң
ЦֱЦϳЦǻǲܾġҵˣ˭֪СҪȻǻΪβˣң
ɭȻȣϳĪҪΪҲ֪˼ڱ£ȻǺõġǣұƵδûҪһӡֻһӡ
ϳƺˣʮǰңΪӺĸסһ𣿡
Ĭϳתϣһӻ˱ƵδҲۿҵ׷󣬻һ
Բᡣ
ŭ⣺²ôġ
ϳĮҼȻǱµצôΪ£һҵְ±ңɱңһ졣
˭˱µ·Ҿɱ˭ߣ
ԣһҪϳͷҲصߵ𶯣ģҲɱұ˵Ҳûɱ϶ֵģˡ
ĬȻΣҧȭߣ·ڶĳ˵ģҲ˺Ķӣ

ڤڣ
һӽһܷ衣
һӴ꿪һۣɫһһȡ
뻷ɽϵĽȺУһɫ㣬ʷС¥УϣһһɫɱһߵСӡ
¥УȻԵõĶġ
ߣǸشСļһȻʵ̧ͷ΢Цͷ
Ȼ¶һŹֵЦ⣺Ӧ
ӳǷҪˣСǱڱȽϳɫĵ֮һǶ֣ԼֻɫǼſɱ
һء

磬αǧع
һӢɫ¶ְЦ˵һһСϳԿˣĶ˰ɡ
ܲ¶һĨεŭɫЦԲҽѵһǸСӡСӺǰˣδܶԸ
ӢȻ磬ʿյĿҿҦһɫ֮һΪɣǲҦҲɡ
ƨҦңƨҦ˼ܲڱһİŭȻѡ
Ҧ˼ҦϵҾƶܲʱʱܲн춼˵գҦ˼ȻЩϣܲջ
һļһܲȴ֪ﲻҦңǿһЦǰͿҶƤˡ
Ҧ˼ȻĺˣǰҺãȻǵãһ
ȻһӴҴ׷һҦ˶ߵＸ䡣ӦʲôȻߵҦ˼ǰ˵
һһߵСӡɱ

ڣֻʣ졣
Ӹظǵﲻһۿȥƺǿߡ
ÿһ·ƺһ˼ǶȡΣ弰⣬ɱһߵСӡ
ϳ̸粻ʵ۲һЩȴô㡣
һеԴͷʮǰйءҵĲߣߣߣÿһƺһ˼ƺ޷һҡ
һҵϢȴ·ڸ޷࣬Զôĺǡ
һң׷ʲôߺĸ׵˭
ڵĵߵĲμӣһҹݣ˵ļ䡣ɽҽӿ֪ʱ

ĸ˭˭
߱ں֪Լ˭ҪǹϵԼһЩ಻ںġ
ҵϢʵ̫ˡ߲ѲࡣΨһڹĴԼ߲Գ롣
ǰţǼˡԣϵİ·£ʱר
һоĳһɵİڴһЩΣУʹרĳΪʦͬʱһȽר
߷ĵҩʯԼͬƳɵĵҩƤСĵȣÿһһͻƣµʮձѴﵽž
أ
ķϬǷˡÿʱ䲻ˣߵȣԲ
ߺһʱ䣬оͬȱ˷ѵĻʯΪֱǷɿ졣
һöͬɵĵҩҩƾԵҩ
ĬĬȻãߺȻһХһԾֻˬޱȣͬȻǺöϧ̫ˡ
̹չ壬пϢȻһԼû֪ҵ밲һսʱ򣬾Ѿͨˡ
ڰеĵˣؼʵǺбҪġߺٺһЦûκΰ壬Ҫܺ
˳ֿңҲһ㣬ơ
ߴǰˣһʱ͸һǧ⡣ÿһë׶ðգǲ·

Ϊͻˣζܸǿս顣
ֻʣ죬߲ҿ϶ս᲻ʧѪԣһΣȻǸս飡
֮ʧѪĲʸУĿתؿǰһλ
սǰһݣݼ
ɶ


059 ĵĻ
Ӣţϵر׾ǡ
ɵģǾ긴һƿڴÿһڣǾŵա
ÿһǵ꣬һʢĸƼȾץ˽ǷַӶܷġ
ʵϣÿһǰǻƵĻƴĲſƲסģƶƲסֻܱ֤٣ҲҪƽ
䷸ߵԡκһָܿ͢ԼΨһҪ󣬾ǲҪաܶʱ߻භİӣͲвȥܣҲܲ
ͬĽաǱȽעغгģȽϻٳѪ
ŵĲһߴһεĵѲߣÿһʱǻö֧ԮһʱֻüѲߡ
ÿμӵ겻٣ԣҪѡһֻһǰڣ˴ãǰμӡ˳͢ǲμӵ꣬ҵһԶΧ֮С
꣬ҪμӱԣܶȡԹУѾһЩո¶ͷǡ
ǰģΪضһ¡⵽ͷһԼĵţŴƣǾĲʲô
ʮľһ֮šʮĻѨһ֮šʮϢһʡ֮šǣһжأһĲʲô
һ֮ţҪʮâû߶ս׺ͣһֲΪƵһšΪһУֻһâΪһŴȫǾ;Բֹһ
ŵ꣬Ϥ⵽ͷһһЩӴ˳ţһЩȴⱾ˵õ¡
۾٣ж
ߴԽƵľǣ˵ǺǻΪϢΪմմϲ

ߵ£ͷɵһȹΪѲߡ
òףһʱߵ˾һζ¥˵Ϣ
򴰱ߵһЦкʾһдҵЩʱһζ¥Ϊ̸۵ĸ壬һѿһ䣬Ӷʶ
ȻһһȻ̸úͶΪѵõǣ˼벢أãߵְҵ
߼ʶ˺٣һ̸ܴиܣλһ൱ѧʲ˼뿪ˡֻһ㲻̫ãһЩͣԣ˽ʱԵñȽϳĬ
ƤСüɫ˵һЩֱǿ뿪ǣߺȻ֣ô
ԥ͵ۣ¡Һܴ˵Ͼ䣬Ը͵ĺð취
˼ЦŶ˵˵ǣĪҪЦˡȥ˴ֻ¸Щࡣۿ磬֪Լʲôλˡ
Ȼ˼
žžУòõĽЦλԼǣұ÷ۿ¡
ĵʱһЦͶ״ģҲģֻɺϡСһߣû뵽㡣
߲죬ҧˬ˵Ǹӡı˵ˣ˰ɣ
һЦѡЩʱ֪׵ʱ˵ĶݣһǲȢġҪôΪʣŮҪôֻмһɡ
˵ˣǳ͢ʮһţӵݺδǰ;Ļ£Բô򵥡׵˶࣬лȢģעôˡ
ķŭصһۣȴߵһ仰ӿ϶ϣȢһãһδĴ֣ǻλҪ롣ǣӹ϶޸ӣǰվӣΣնûҪġ
ȻɺϣƤ˵һԵСȴ˾ȵ̸
ܲСүƣԵú֣

Ѳ߻ҪԵúᣬǲϷĿǾͼʼˡ
Сүȥ߲μ䡣
ʹкһߺ·Ѳߣһߵ٩ŮˣǸǻӰһ㲻ġ
ҡͷɫҵ˵߸֮䣬ʺϵģֻΪƵߣܳء
̾һߵĻʵ޹ؽҪǣ㽫ΪȴȢһͨŮӣעҪܰ¶ˡ
йŴƣͨһֻʮ¡žߣһȴܻһٶʮꡣ⻹ġ
񻯾žǳϡܴﵽ꣬ҪںۡߵУܻӭģǱڵԴŮߣ
ĵļ磬ߺȻһЦ㲻޸ӣûа취
ţʲô취˵ļ
ߺٺٹЦ𼱣һرϵȥס
һŭѣƭӡ
գգۣ׶ףֲһҪȢ㡣Ů˰Ҫ̫ŶôһŮˣȢؼҸȫа
ٶףͷĺȻĵȻ

ĵƣؼеʱķӭ̽ʵǵףа취Ӧ𣿡
ЦҡͷݣŮʣºѾ׾ÿʵ۵ɫ㣬һֶŮھΡ
Ҫȥ£ȴȻŮô˵ǡǼٶףΣ
ٶףһͷ溬糺Ů˼ĺǺһЦ⵹ߣ
ɬʱȴûӵЦݺȻˣ


060 
ڣǶ޵գһΪͬĽա
Ϊ˱ʾľ⣬ʵһ㶼ϯԼ顣Ȼ񻶡Ȼ̫飬񵽵Ǵߣԣʵ۶ʾ⣬ǺбҪ£ߵֶ֮һ
һǹһһյһüֻҪ̫ӹĻʵۣᾡϯֺһЩ
ΪҪ֮һʨΪܶ࣬İ취ķʽϲá
źǣΪμԱһ󲿷ֵľʡȻˣ糿һѾÿÿ׼ֽ峿ľټһϲصĳš
൱һ죬Ŀõʮֵڱӿ˳
˴£²ĻõԸԼҺӳšҵһĵۣǰʮע㣬ΪԼҺһõδ
ڴӱϵûôɣȻ߶ˡɽ˺ģüɰ
ʹ˳֣ߣǺбҪġȻɽ˺ģѰѶ꼯ٱʱϵȱ˼ߴֻøЦ
صʱ½ѾһЩ걻ţ˴˻ŵơȴʱģֻŸǴк졣
С۵ʼղ࣬һߣһ˶Ӧһһȴʱ߾Ȼü궼̸ñȽͶ

ֻ׼ģ½ڳ㹻Ŀռ
ʱʵ۵ݻݣƺƵش֮ͨǴ˷
óǵĺǱȽϵģٵλʵǱȽϵģѻʵѸɵĹɵϿɡ
ɽХӿŭһ𺳲ѡ
ĿõǣߵûɷǡĸпʵڳֺõĸΣҵ磬ʵѹܴ
ע⵽ΪʵΧУȻõˡʵϣöС뾯ֻõҪɸĳ佫ʵ۱Ƚϲñá
ûǱãһ㣬ڽԴϲʵ۵ģǸƵĴӪ
ʵڽյг̺ܼ򵥣Ļҽۼ룬ϵһע㡣Ȼ󣬻سأʮʡƾٵĵ¸ص˵ĹԼһְ֯ıݡ
󣬾ʮʡǲĳߣһ䡣ЩߵĽݵĳɷֺܴ󣬻ûǹʵɴɵġ
ڣȻҪϢԣ콫Ǳư˸д裬ǾǳζϰˣǾ˭ǰ˸еͷš
ڶ죬ǵ䡣Ҫȼòʡ
ʱǹúܿ죬ڶܿˡ
ӭ峿ϼ⣬ǻ໢һ򣬻߹ܴɵǰ̣
߲δע⣬꿴ԵޱȵĹŹ֡

䣬һжϵ¡٣ΪУԵò̫ۣ˸Ұսϰƺûʲô˼
ȴϿһڣΪҪġΪǶϣһЩһͷء
ʵϣǽֵһЩꡣǲȱһЩͷصƽ̸꣬Ǵӱ껹ǻӵĵ
ȻΪȫôԣʵ̫׵룬ɵӺҵӺٻѡ볯͢ĳǳ͢ɣԼңҫһССӰ
֮ԳΪ䣬ǱԣһΪһıݳɷ֡˵ˣһָΧ۵ıԡ
ÿһ꣬ƶڿ˼ͬ֡磬ȥıԣڷھĳһլ֮С
ļ˵ĽܣһЩ˳ָҫԬԨԼһûıóսѡкһ£٣Ƕˡ
ҫԬԨǸǺɡԬԨһЦڻǴӮҡ
ԬԨһƺ֮СñûùӣԬԨһûö٣ΨһοǣǱһǿļ֮һԴ
Ϲţ˸߲ҵĸʶкˣһǰ˸ģһ˫ڵģȽûʲôӡ
͢ÿһǲ겻٣úͰ˸Լӵܣһ㶼μӡżŻ˲μӣǰǱҪгɫꡣĹپӶ࣬ԱȽٲμӡ
ϸ˼׾ܷ֣͢Ҵμӵ࣬ͷ˼൱ԡ
һ߸ϹһΪ˷ܡʱ˵һҪ¡֮һлһ
Ǿǰ硣
Ȼ͢û˵жϢùá缸߾֪ε䳡أᰲڹ硣
ڹ磬վ޷Ŀáԣʲôմŵ֪ʲô£Ǿڵȴʦǵ׼
ʦÿһϣʱһ򵥵ʱƣһֻͼս޽ȥȻ󣬾ʱ׼ˡ

޵Ĺڲ٣ֲڸءһΪǻȡսҪԣбƾعڣϷһ˳롣
ɽ˺İգѾƼڹߣȴ俪ʼĿһȺӢ˲꣬շ˹ź
ڽǰȺпϵΪ͵ıˣֿСȴȨЦһ£Ȼ̤磡
磬ˣ
ߣ¶Թ֮ɫĳЩȨһ񶾵ڴ
ߣ֮أ


061 Ҫ
ʲôӣ
̤֮󣬷һпҿٵԭôӣ
һҺΪɫ磬аգɭɭʵϣ˿һЩ쬵ģɵģû̫֮
ûһֻ˼˵ǹ硣߷Ȼȴ֪һĹȻ类פɾˡ
ǲֵġԣһ磬ĺʽֻܻһأ͸Էͷˡ
۲һ磬֮أΪʲôǹ磿˵ö궼ûаڹˡѵı
Ե߲֪һɱڵĺõط֤û֪û취׷Ȼеɣܾò̫ԾɱңԲûᡣ

ȻԵãȫһڲɱꡣ
ĳɼ׼һǲɱ͵ȼΣϵĺơ
粻һгĵط٣ѲҪ̫ԶˣȻ˵ۣһֻ˧Բɼһ֡
Ϊָս鲻һȴƣֱǣĹ䣬˧𣬹ڣۣ
ۣܸһϸµĳǿߡĿǰܽӴġ
Ĺû۳͵ȵĹ꣬ɱ˶ûл֡ɱһֻܵһ֣ɱһֻܵʮ֣ǰٷ֣˧ǧ֡ϣͲžܸ㶨ˡ
֪һֻƵĻֻ֣ʮֶѡֻ൱˧Ļ֣֪¹˧ЩǺܼɱĶ
ɾפڣǱģ޿κεľٶΪһṥ࣬ߡ
ϲɱ¾꣬Ϊɱ֮󣬿ܻõս顣֣Ҫ֪սȻһǹһ֣зֱ𡣲ɱȷȽ׻ս顣
繥࣬ΪϲսԼĳЩδ֪ԭս͹껥ɡһǿս飬ܻǿ
ȱǿ֯۱ϾǼϹڶ࣬ѡࡣżӶս飬£ģСƷñȽ١
ٵ۾һһֻˣ費װ⻹ءϱɳĮҸ˵Ѷˡ
ֻһֻδСĹնɱι۹飬пѣ̫ǿˣҪһ˭˼˵ΰȥ磬˭ұȣ
粻һ·ƽ̹һɽֲֻȽϡ٣ҪһЩǵĹľߴֲȽټ
ԾһɽĿԶΡ۴ΪɫԼһЩͺͺɽ·һжڻɫУţˣȡ
ȻĵطȥĿһƺԾ꣬ǹһͱɱһֻꡣҽ֧飬ɢȥԭسһֻãȻһ
תȣѣ˾ͳ

ͷ߳ϲüңӽҪ󱥿ڸˡעɫЦЦĪҪţҴ·ҵɽ͵ûҲһᣬĺһû塣
Ǳģ֮󣬶Էɱһսͷϡ
һҲǣĿתؿһս飬زмصҪȥ룬һս鶼ҪǶ벻ʲô֡
ãлˡҪ˸߲ҵһԾǰȻиУ緢һ족һֱȥ
һ͵Ľâһ£֮յĴߵıϲ
һ׷᣺ߣˡ
΢΢һżһɽ£һһܵӰʩչһĲãһһǷһ
ĽһǴһΪָţѪɫ
۴ǰ˴ͨҲͨȻһƽӵܣҲʶ㣬ΪʲôҪɱң˵Ҿһ
΢΢Ȼû뵽Լܵô죬ҹ˵ֻҪɱ㣬кܶô
ǹɫһԭߣߣ֪
ջرȻת꣺Σ
ǹ̾

Ҫ
ҹǼһȻݷùǹؿߣǸ˺˵˭ɱ㣬ٱƷǰ̡ңսʹشѧȵôô㹻κ˶ġ
ãϵǸˡߣҲ֪ε㣬һ뿪磬Ը䶼Ҫڳȥ
ǹϧѡ
̾ˣô޼ɵѵ͢Ͳʡһ̧ͷֵγƺ
ǹÿɵӵ˰죬治һˣΪʲôµôһ⣺
ߣáлѡ°֮ͣĲ޼ɵȻɱҡͲ±Ҳ
治±Ī˵ãһκβ˼һүļһ
ͬһ٣תƮȻȥ
ݵߵˣȻͭųӣֻս飬ˡ
Ȼһ˶ϣߵЭ£ڰֻս̵Ϣб䣬ȻһͻΪϽ
ϲôЦһֱǣһ³ɨ
ս飬ɱս飬һɹ꣡


062 ɱ˼ѪѪɱ
ս飬ǲụɵġ
ǣսһụɣȻȴɱս顣һȵǵս鲻ɹ꣬ˡ
֪սǿ¿ûжս̡ߵϣ۵ս飬Ƕֻбʬε
꣬ӴģԴԴϵģսǿԴ
ɱңߺٺٻִЦЩҰɣǲһʩչһ족ֱȥ
òһι磬Ӧרսǿɵġ
ڸصڲ٣֪δ֪ģ١ǣûһܹɿŵģЩڣҪôڳ͢УҪôɺҵС
սܣҪǹƥǿԵ㡣̸

һ족˼壬䳤ֱߣٶȺܿ죬ȱ仯Ӱս̫һ
һ족ߵĸоǸ·ȱǳӶݵٶȺܿ졣ӦϹ˸ڱҪʱ·ġ
ߺȻǰ׹£ǰʣյȵȣʱȻֻϴΪܸâһϸ¡Ȼ׹£ίʵ졣
ûӦøйءԲǵһҪɱҡ˼̵鱨ȻЦˡϹ˰
һ磬;Ĺ꣬Ѿ
Ŀǰͼֻֻսϡԣòʱҷ⣬ս
˾ȵǣܸӦңжȻΪǶߵڹͨںϱ÷ǳס
ʵϣ֪ɵĹͨս飬Ҫһӵս飬ǶҪʱս鹵ͨڣҪŪսʲôս鼼Ȼսܶȡ
ˣܷսʵȻûһĹǣһ˿һûС
ǷǳǷȱһ´սָΧûе˺͹ֻ꣬սһа۵ĻҴ˷һ
ɱ˼ֻ䣬ɡܿģƺѾθˣȴɣ·һһϥ
һغĬĬһ·֡ս͹Ľλзһʵˮ׼һģս飬൱ڹ
ɷӦֻһΪĺôȻõĵȻͬ
ţսǿĻ᲻ࡣӦרһ߳ĿǰĴսһһȽϡ²̫⣬Ȼòϣս鼼̫ٲҲǿȷûֵ̫ɡ
ս鼼⣬սԴģΪǿӵиࡣ
ӣֻʱԲסˡԺ跨㡣ͷǸ
˼۴һǿֹһΣȴƫƫս顣ߴ죬ΨһĴ𰸾ǣ佫֮ƺȵսͱְ
ϧĳķʽʷǾսϵļ𡣿ϧˡ
֪ܷ񸴻ɶܣҾֻзˡɶһǿǲѡĴ𰸣κһй˶ϲһƱͷӵļһǰơ
΢˼˸߲ҵȡͭѡȽϵͼս飬Ÿһֻ
ȴһ߲֪üӣѵҪҪԡ
Ȼ䣬Сɽ֮һѤõĹâʱҫϮߣ
ѾǴԽ֮һսսʶͷˡѵأɱͷɱıѾ缢ƿʵߣڹ
ŲæĽżأ߻轣ʣžž֮һʱȻһ䣬һӰޱȵͻߺģâһ࣡
һգۣǰԵһıһҫ۽â
ҿߴŭذ
죬һʱܲסâֵΧȫסӰϢģ±ŷһѪ⣡
ߣԲסˡ

ȻزʶҪ֣͹սȥɡ
̫ߵЦţһһҵļйݵΧΪ˲һǰֻ̣ù˲ˡ
ÿһ꣬űըΪܹǰʮһв꣬ϣһΣұĳЩȨϣһһֳͷصĺð취
âµ֣û֮ǰʵڲǶֻ֡ܿšӰ֧֡
ɱɱ
ͷһߵԺߺȻ̾ϣԼҪ̫ԣŭǾͲΪˡ
ʲô꾪һۿͭðһֻս飬˵ߵ˿ڣѪȻ󣬸Ϊս顣
꾪ս飬ô¡ôս飡
ǳǳ³һȻ˿ˣǾζšڣľǾհɡ
۵׸һĨ峺Ϣұһֱδʵıϵıһһա
תۼ䣬·Ϊ̬֮һâ˿һתϸϸĽ֮иΪƬ
罣ϮתͣȻ·ն
պ֮صİΧ£Ť־壬·ĿµĶ¶ȻѪһҺ
һԳһЦѪɱˣѪγɱˡ
תȥȴĿɿڴĿսϣɿļȡѪ


063 ɶ
һֻȻԵá
Ȼ䣬һ֮⣬ббĿٵһɱʱ廯Ϊ̣ʣһֻľȻս顣
߻ֵķųԨɵֻս飬һЦˡϧսͼһЩԨѾʮֻûӶΪ
ͬЧŻȽ
ǰ㣬ˬ˰һθʱƵȥֲѪֲѪ⣬ôѪĸӡ
¸ֻǾˣ߹ưѹɶġ
ǰ߰һֱĿšӣһѪ˵Ѫԡͺʱûõߵ꣬һ
һֻӵͳ˧ֻӵꡣ仰Ȼġ
ߵĵڶǣֻܸӡζÿһֻս顣
øľ갡Ҫɱˣɱ䡣߸ɱ˿ħƵģǰɶٺһЦ
ϧɶеʵûսΪ
ɶһǿѾˡȻľϽɶľϽڤ
ɵı;ûʲôۼǾͿֲˡ±;ҾеľࡣǣһսһֻӣǾͿֲˡ
һ£һֻսɵľӣսǶô£
ߺȻĪүүүүۿĵڴǰ
ҲӦðѸӣڵһλĴ¡ֻҪһֻսɵľӡٺ٣ǳ͢¶֣Сү͢
룬Խᶨ
ܰսʼʸܷ񸴻ؾܣ߸ҽ˽һ£ʲôǱؾţ
ʲôǱʮؾսƽǻƵס
һһ졣ס˫ȭθؾŵһ죡

ʵʵĻ룬عʵ
߲òһɱս鱧Թô࣬Ȼûٺôֱû
ߵĺôǣ߲̫ЩͷôꡣһǶǸ֡
û̫⣬ңǲΪɶαװɹǰ飬սɹꡣ
ʵһ·ɱ߷ֹ꼶ܺжϣ۾ɫֱܷ漶𣬸ֱս鼶һ¡˵һЩǵĹڸ
һ壬޳ɹǾͿ൱ǡӹʼѾӵǡ
ôһʤΪ磬Ϲ𣬹ڹ۵šɼߵǿ;Բǻۡ
ȻӦһ㣬оһ򵥵Ϣ߲֪˼ǡз֡˼
ȻϢĸȥһۿȥʱɫ䣺ݵȻΪ
ǸԲйصĶƶȶôܣ׶ġ
ԶһŻˣʩչһ˿ֳһǷ˼ı
͢ΪʲôҪǰһ죬Ѷ꼯˷ֹսΪսɴҵ˽װͳһ¼һװ
ߺһһװֻƷ
ڳ͢Ƥ׵Ĳ࣬ҾԾ֮һ빫´ɱ׶벻߲ӶԷ޵̡
߰㣺ӵܲμӣǲǣߣˣ
һҴҴӶ߸˱ɱ߸ɵġǣôڿܾ⸽
¶Ĺҵɱ
طˡҾվôɱҡȻǴ

תȥ꣬Ȼ¶־壬žҵʹɿţȴζȲһ
Ϊĺﴩ͸صڵѪ
ȰԾȻ֣ЦЦĲñҲϲɱˣΪһƽ䣬Ǿղסˣûħ
ԣĲɱˡϧ
°ܸͣңΪʲôҪɱңΪʲôҪɱҺܺ档¶еĺ֮ɫ
¶ɫ˲֪ôࡣ
еԡȥδ䣬߹Ȱʧ軬һգۼӽӹʱһѤõĽʯ֮
Ӱ߹ȰĲסˣһֻȱڵıһݵ
Ʒ޹أҪԵĲ׷˺٣׿ϵ˱£ʵټ
Ųס
߹ϣⱬһ˺ѰĺХ֮𣡡
֮صУĿЩ˿һĽâϮ¶֮ɫɫ䣬󺰣˻ӵܣң
ܲңҲµˡ㻹
ⲻ֮תϮһ֮¡ӵΪȻǿδܱȰǿ
ܲסװɫȻֻشѪۿ¶֮⣬һӰʩչ̧һâ
ӵһΣ¶ľɫӦһĨ
ӵĿƣ㣬ʲôϵӵһţ΢΢ҡͷ
Ȼ޹أֺüΪʲôҪأ
ӵܲһ
ɫʱӲ


064 ʵۣƹͱ
ɫأɫ˾Ĺ硣
Ȼӵܵдգߵ£Դ˿Ҷֻܲ˫ָ֣գ
ɫһʵۣ
ְ˰ڣɻ񾭣òǻʵۡ˵һԪ谸ʱλӵĻʵۣȻĹŹΪˡ
ǻʵۣĶǡߵң
ŻĴָ֪Լ¶ˡ
һǿƣܶѳ֡ߵϳҸֵͱձڻʵۡʵʱڻңⲢʲôϡ¡
ʮǰ֮ңܿҵĺۼ
ʵʵ۸ìܣ
ãȻɫѾشˣЦЦʧѾûдڼֵˡһӵܣ˽ʮǰҡ
ǰһ̣ӵĵĻûüʹˡ
ңôģַʲôʵΪʲôû׷ҵǰ׸ʲôϵ
ô˵ǻҺҪҵƫƫʵ޹ء졣ҵǰϱӵ˶ԩôôɵ
˼ȻԵõʰӵܵıװԼϣȻȥʱ򣬵˲ŻЩװĻһЩ
ɱһӵܣ治ʲôӵܲ١ԻҺҪɱһɱһٸһĴ
ߵƺһܵһˡһ·ǰûꡣ
ȻΪΪ͵ɫ꣬ࡣ
һ·ܹ꣬ȻԨֻսɱǿߵܿٶȣҲԨһͻΪļս顣

ʱһԤϡ빫ľٶȻûˣܿͱʹĳһЩط
Ҫ
ʵһֻŭʨӣףһҪ˭ޣ޾Ҫ˭
һֱܵ͵ظڻʵߵ̫࣬̾Ϣ£ɱûţոɱˡ
ʵŭѣҧгݣҪɱˣʼնҪڲһ
̫Ц£ûйȻС¶֣˵Ƕٻ˱һЩӣ̬ȡġֻ±һӶʣˡ
ʵ俴̸磺̸磬㣬㵽ôָʹҪ˸޿ãȴͱôһ¨ӡ
̸һ̧ͷ˵ɵĻ⣺£֮Ů׵˼Ѿ˽ʾˡ
ʵ۳ĵĻ£Բģ͢Ա˭֪û⣬޸̫ӵļڰ˳ɣĳɵļʳɡ
ǻʵƺû̫ӵ˼ӵ˵Ȼڰ̽ʵ۵̬ȡ
̸Ȼֵ֣´ʦʹ´ʦ֪ʦ츳Ѿ´ʦ£ӣ
ʵ۳ԾݣϲѣǺӣȻʦ츳ã̫ˡһ٣ϧѣ֪ˣ÷ʦ²ǡеʦӡ
ʵϲð죬˼ˡ
̫Ȼף̸ָ͡

⡣
ɽ˺İգ˸߲ҵؿһƬټĹĻĻһĳͼֹһһ˸ƶ
һ֣ͬꡣصһǺֶܷܿԷǻսǱġտúܸˡ
һȨϯλϣԸڸҵĬĬ¶֮ɫʱʱ͢ĹԱһۣаȻ֮ɫ
ֹ͢ɳļʮ꣬Ȼձ硣
ɱʱʱǲ֪ǾȣǱģɽľֺ֣֪ܿߺɱˡ
ʱ۷׷ףԭǹצӵˣҾ֪צӵ˾޶ļһûһö
Ȼõ㡣ʢһλù֪ͬУΡ
㣬߷ӴȻʱӭǵķŭõĹצӹȻǺˣɱ˵Ļ쵰
ǱõԬԨ˼ӭðյĻõĹȻǺġõĳУüֱӤһ
棡ͽƫ̫Ϊˡ
ȻȨϯλϣѾΪһ޲ľֶֺӦʱͷƤ飺Ǹǻӵܣ
ɣõ꣬ĺȻɱĸˣӵܶɱ
Ȩע£ʢëȻȻһӵܱ߸ɱˡȻպ޲ѣС̫ݶˡ
ģעߵ˶ߵĹ㣬ĻԵڿҪΧʱһ˷ĻȻ
ʧڹĻԵʱ˱һľ
ĻζűȽϰȫĵشһĻǾζѾˣʱǿߡݵɫίʵ˾ȡ
ɫһǺӣôðգѵΪµܵˣ
㣬һϣʹڹ磬뿪ƣҲáϳ
ϳҸ㣬ǱƵˣﶼȥòҪκ⣬ҲףȻڱ£ΪΡ
ϳӹĻһҪ
Ϊ߲µͼҵעǾˮһգ
ϳվߣһһ䣡
ĪҪˡ꣬Ƿıƹ䣡
һ䣬֮ʹӣ


065 ɽѧ
ʵΪ߽ŭȻ򣬻ȨĵСǰȴЧ
̸粻ɫȻм˵ζ
ʹʹ⣬һЩˣܶˣĳЩˣһСˣ߻ءһֻεĴڲŪһУ΢İ˾롣
һֻ޹ĺطɣȻһ΢У˹۲ע⣬ǣһȫ̬ơ
ÿһ֪ߣĬĬĹעߵˡ˹ߣƩʵۡ˺޲̷ǣƩС
С˼ΪƯһ֣˲µĳһЩ˾Ȼ˳Ƥ˹ȻĶɱ֡Ҫ֪֮ǰģСĳһЩˣΪ뼤ŭʵۣڰ֡
СǱģǴֱģǷŭġΨǽթĴϻ۵ģܶ˶֪Ư֣Сֱʡ
磬ĳЩ˵Ϊߵأǡò߷ʲôߵ֪׷ˣͲ̫̼ʵۡ
磬һ֮ء
Ҫǣû˲µһ֮ʡΪ֮ǰԤ֮أǹ硣
Ҫǣʱĳصģڸ֮һгֵɸġ
ǡǡΪǸ飬ʵۺ̸ȫûʶ羹ȻΪߵ֮ء
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ߣұǣǱҡҵķЦ̣ãǾʹǹ۴û¹ʲôˣ
ƿڴҧгݣǵĹ˧ɱģģҪʹһǲɣ
ͻأ䣬һҺ类ûһ㣬תۼͱĹϤû
ǾͲҪҲˡŭЦһһĵХ糱ˮϯȥֻһ֮䣬ϰֻҺŻҷ
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070 ֣սƳ
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ŭ棬ȣǶ
ϢһϢĵɢžһɧҡΧĹ꣬Ϥɱ
壬ǶȽ˵
ХѣΣܶסã
Цһ絯նɱֻ꣺סǰɱ㣬ǾԲ⡣ҵˣȻұ̤ƽҵȸ𣡡
¶һ˿֮ɫƻƽãֹ硣ֻȻʹ˷ߣвʣ
ʱֱһХϢ壬սӿһָɨս壡
һͷսԾȻ֣֮ת˲֮䣬ʩչһģһĵŭ
ݺἤֲϢʱսһ֮˲䱬бȻս鼼
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ٹȻֲһʽ֮£Ϥҷ
һŭЦããǱƻҸǹĵţǾ͹ֲˡ
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£ûǣȫܵġǲҪһǺںûеӣûп־壬ûСֻҪͳ˧һеһҵ
һһĳһֵ˵ʱͻΪɻңʣãȻĵͼս飡
һٸˣûϵһǧ
ֵ˵ɫ԰ףڵ糱ˮһбȥҪӴ֧ţûʱʱ̵̿ĳסκһܡ
ųķΧԽľԽӴ
ΪߵģǣȼţһһǽɫʰȻһһˡ
Ȼʣһ룬ȻںηӿֱǷɶ˻һ
Цţ
ߣսƣǻͬһ±ǹǿ󡣵ǣǵƲΪԴԴϵĹ

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֧ŵУȻһҽУһͬһɱϰٵĹΣһиĹ
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һΣΪҸ֣μˣԺֲסѾеǿߣȻ󣬱Ծķʽɱʯ١
ңǱƹǱ䣿ֺȻŪˡ
˽ΪΧɱ֣ǣߣߣƹߣΧɱ˻ʵһҪˣ
֣ߵ˶ˣ䣿
һѹܣͬȻ⣬ս飡¶һĨȻ֮ɫΪӮˣ
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ת֮䣬ַĺ壬ͷųҵȻһ±һŰɰǧĹҷʣǵ̳
ŭˣȻȻĶˣ㲻Żȥˣ
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ӰΣĻˣʲôҶ
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ʱԶ̹һ˧źƵһ·ɱܻˣͻϮǣʧʹһ·׷ȴѾ˵Ӱ
ŭŭĿ֣βŴתǻȥѣǸ˸ѳ
֣Ǳƻҵˣҷһ֮£ȻٴηǾֻСս
Хţӹȥ;סйɢ
ȴȻһЦأǸթСӸɵġȻթǵ͹ͷԡúˬܽ
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ĶûˣһΪѾС롣ȥˣܸʲô
ǾͣҪȥˣһӰƵһγ֣ȻԵãǸ
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һԾ֣ʶİεһն
ߣ߰ɡҲɱ㡣
һƮƮȻֻɱҰɡ
ֺǺֱЦȻǺĹ⣬㲻ΪɱһѨСɡ
˵ĻˡĵѾǴˡζ찴סߣһԾ֪ˡ
Ǿ͡ԣ
־һɲǳʣٲȻһƻɫʵĹ⻪
һ΢ЯɶԾȻ֣ÿһ뻮һʿ޲¶еսսǣɢһ˼¶Ϣ
ƿµһȻԵõıһȺ
Ȼָɱ
ﱬϢȻӦŵ𳤿գźɱɱ
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071 𺳣ս
׶˵ĺХһϯ
һͫ޷Ŵ޵ĳھ޴Ŀ־֮Уս
㾹Ȼӵгֻս飡ֹֻս飬ٶֻս顣
ֺñȵ޵Ԩһ·һ־߱ʴûս
սʦԼ˵һ룬֤ǴͷβʵʵĿ룡
ûǿ롣ֻս飬ǹϵĿһһֻӵоֻս顣һһʵڵĹ
ûսһɡͺԷ˯һ쾭ġ
ÿһʱ򣬶ΪԼһڲǰһսû׼ԼǴɵһˡ
ɣˣ˵ˣ˲Էĳˣϲҿʼˣ߷鲻Ʊˣ쾭£һӵߵǬ
棡ǣӵսˣȴ
޵Ŀ־֮Уӭһȵһ޷ս鼼һžŻһתۣս·ƽһӰ
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һЩģ߸ͲȻգգۣʯΪҵսսΣ
ƺһһЩͷ˿䣺ˣҲԶ٣ٴ࣬˸񡣸ӺϿԣ
΢Цֻж࣬ȻۡȻһ죬ǶսΣ
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һЩս飬ʲô˲õġֺһ׳ԼֻӵһЩͼս飬вʵһ߷ɿؽһֻֻսɱ
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ƾһǱȽѵģʼ磺ϣ
Ӽ޵ͼһԾһӰ֣

һ
ֶʱ󺧣һһİԼƭԼֻӵеͼս顣ǣĳ֣һ
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һַս壬·һ㣬ӿռӶݣ
۾飬ţ߳һߣΪ˱ƣΪ˻ң
ǣ˸ҫһ⣬ߵıϺȻߵȻĻ㿴ҵܣΪһߣ
ܲܲҪôɣ
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һټ˿ڣؿһֱббڼ򣬼ϵ
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ּٵس˼Ȼʲô֪ʮ㸸ĸѵʲôûи㣬ѵʲôûи߹㣿
ֵĿ˵Ŀ⣬ӦûἤŭСɱԼɣӦûɣ
ûɱֻȻʲô֪Բ㡣һ٣ߺȻЦˣǣӦþǻ˰ɣ
ֵ֪²ǶԵģ°ͷѽ⣺˼˼ʵƺһߵģѵҸʵ۲һģ
˦˦˼˵ʮǰһЩнˡ
ʮǰҡЦеؿ֣ǻҺͻʵ۵ķ磿ǻұƹ
Ǿ͹ˣȻʵ۸ɵòʮǰıƹܲΪ˻ʵ۱ɣǾһԵʡղ˵ҵġ˵׶ֻ֣ˣôǿĽ
ƺ˵ʮǰǺǿˡ
ҡҡͷһЦʵأǲ̫ʮǰʲôҸںڵʲô˴Ҫҵ
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ʲô˵ʡ
ּѵ¶ЦʼתֺȻԴ󺰣ʵܸһ£ǱӦһˣ㱾ӦǻһԱ
ĸǡ幫


072 ٣ʵ
ĸ幫
ֻعⷵյľ񣬳ڴͰ󣺡һлʼѪ
°ִͣЦϣҲҪΪѱƺͻңΪ£ʲô㣡
Уסֵ顣һιɱǴģˡ󺰣ûƭ㣬幫ĸף㲻ܱѻʼңܱѱƣ
㵹Ĺ߸пѣִһɵ磬һһУʵҳϣܿˡ
ҲţַĿ𣺡Ҳӵиս飡Ϊһֻӵֻս飬עģ
һδ䣬ۿһĻ
һ֮䣬սһСɵͭðȻϤ˵ϣٵļȡϵѪ
ִûпӴս飬Ӳһӵ˶ս飡𺳾׵ؿһĻһɵӣ
һˣһĹ򣬾ӵֻս飡Ǽֱֲ̫ˡһ룬˵
΢ЦֻҪʱ䣬ҳӵУһʮһս
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һھѪʵһһ˫޺;ܸӵ۾صߣ·ֹߣ
һǿߵľӴģһѪԽɶ︴
ĿȻ幫İ֣õķ浵ȫûĴںۼ
⣬һƽгΪһ죡Խһûݵ°
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СԼĳһЩǡߴ֮Ǿǻɫʱۻۣû˾ô˵ġ

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ʣʱѾˡ
Ȩɼ˰Ŀ⼯ڹĻϣĥʤĳһЩˣǹעһʧܾõĹ㡣
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СĳһЩˣȻ֪ǲʲôĸ֣ԲһѨܶԸġʵϣǹңһҵǾ·һ
СһЩԼֶΣֵľġԣ߱
һȻ֣Сˣºܱ꣬ѾֻҪܱµŭˡ
Сͼͬ黥࿴һۣд֮ɫ¾Ȼ˳谮Ǹ֣һҪΪ𣿡
һͬµĵǱ̽ˣǡǻ޷̵ģԲ̵ġ
һʵ۵ļƷҪСᡣ̫ˣҳԱܡǵģǲܱµ̬ȣ
һеĻʵۣһߣһҪһߣһѡʲô߻ʵۣԲᡣ
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֮⣬һ·
ɽԣȴüǸߵˣټδȥ飿
˷Цƽʮۺʵ͵úܿ죬ѳǻȻҪһƵ棡

½Ӹضء
ضǱȻģɱ飬żս飬ЩսߵģóȥǮǳ͢һЩͷ
ٻеǴѵүǣ·һЩͬȴ̲ס˵ǸߵĻ⣡
ٻǵûѡײҵС׷ɱˣд󱳾ģûԸôɡʵ಻ˡ
ܴӱƸӱ꣬ȻбٶţԤѡбˡԣٻ뷨Ƶܶࡣ
궼ǻţߣǾͲһܲõС͡Ǿˡ
һ𷵻صһٻȴ͵Ǹ꣬ȻԵõĿűһһڻԭϣ΢Цʲôʲôҵģ
ǡٻ˴ֲʵ
ǿˡһ˦֣Զһ·ʳŹֵ⡣
俴һۣ˿ᡣ⣬Ҫľ̬ȣʶӵܻӵܣǣվס
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ЦлӶöϻһХˣվס
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073 һҵ
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һͻأصڹ磬Ϊɵ˼ֳϷʵϷɫʣ
һһȻԵõԭϣʵʩ٣ڶңȻһ۵ʡ
˺ʦʧЦſ񣺡٣ƾ㣡Цֱ
ܺЦءֻӵ˵ķݣΪڹ䣬ѰˣԾûٱ˵սξȻ˸ˡ
ʵ벻ʲôӺЦ֪ʲô𣿼סǱ½ڵˣ߿Ҫǡ
½֮һȷʸóԽеĿǡ
ߵǣ֪˭𣿡˻࿴һۣ벻ѵĳɵģ񰡣
ߺȻ¶һ֮ɫ׳գȻǲʶңҹ˭ơ
˿Цƾ㣿ëû롭
ߵ񣬾ֻˣϷͬ顣Ƕô񣬶ô֪ôԽа
˱ЦʱٻԶһֿ׳յšȻޱͬЩӵܣԵԽУʵڻẦ˰
˺ȻиУĸоӺ󾱽͸ȫһŮҪɵˣɡ㲻ǵһҲһ
˺ȻԶĳɵӣǱߣʱȫȡƣҧǺݣˣǻᡭ
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Ǻһ뿪ĵıвŭһͷ֡ɲǼ䣬һӹ˳ʹȴԺһƬңǣǣ
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һȰʧȻһӰסˡ˴ίʵֻܻĵ£
ĺʽһЦƵ֣
ĺʽһ޹ΣܾߵĶȤζ϶ԴԴԶвԣʱߵΪгɣĿˡ

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ֱѹ߿Цӭһϻص꣺٣ƣ
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ɣҵˣڿˡ赭дÿ·
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ѻѽźǳ⣺ˣһɺҵˣҪǷӣҪôǸ֡
ΪҾͲҪֻͣǣûб죬ûȥãǻ˵أ
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һЩ뿪꣬ѵ̸͵ջǼģɱһ˶ܵ˺ô˭⡣ֻǣ²翴һЩ㣡
Ĵһ͵˼ٻĿ½һЩɺӵܣвŽơĿ֮࣬ŷʵһ⡣
ͣûòǹؼء

ıԹҾͲٱ˶ãͲµɺң
ʲôţǳ͢ˡ߲ΪȻȻҪ٣ȻҪ󻯡˭սȻɺӵܣ
ǣͨˣͷĻʹˡǺ˺£߰ڳһʵÿ춼̫̫·ֻǲáı飡
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СУ˲ͨĵġͨ꣬ʱЩַˡ߲ǿ֣ܲɱˣȻԸɱˡ
˵ˣëϯ˵ˣҪŽˣˣ
˵Ҳ͢ʵϾôɵġ
һԶˣȻȻԵõĿһİٹפصսƷһСɽƵģ
ĵĿɿڴࣺ֮һ
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񵱳⾳ģɨ޵Сǲġ
һϢһʽâһǽùǿһˣν͢һ꿡ܡ
ǣֻҪɺӵܣ¶Էʵû
һɺһֵʱ֪鷳ˣһ˳ҵҪʱܴˡ


074 磬ҹө
٣
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һȺŮ֣¶֮ɫ֪Цֻһﻵ˵飡
һһȻһȺȴɵһЦѣЦǴϢ̫Цˣû˴֮ˣ
٣һôˣû鷳ѾˣȻţ
ЦУȻת·ʧ
һתۣЦŵ꣬һֻϺ㹭סӣžһ±һ׺Ŀɽȭ޵ſ£
߸ǹƵĴȭͷ˵ˣ٣ʵ㣡
٣һͨˣɺӵܣĪǷˣ
֪ǲǱߵĿ󵨣ɵӵľٶסһȺʱ¶ǵİɫΪʲô
εӣޱȳϿң鲻Ҫҷ쭺òãһֱǱȽϺõģٻ£ס̬á
Ƣһģ̾ͱˣǰŭ⣺ʲôҹ
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˼Ľ⣬΢ûĺƤһˣΪʲôһҪأ磬㽻ƣȹҿ
ĺ飬ȻĶͷɫ󣺡ڵӣ㡭ûһ֣Ļȫ
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ŭʣڵӺХ
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Ųã⼤תۼýĺ͵ϵ㣡
ŮĶͷһѪ㣬ߡôܣ˺ôâΪôһϢΪļһ
ҡͷЦڲУɳĲֻâˣʵ㲻ʲô
סǺ첱ӣһ˦ͷҲ
ۣһ˸棿
ҧס־ĲȴȻ˵
Ӯˡ߰ɣЩӲͷˣΪʲô̫ءһƵ֣ܲΪһƾɱ˰ɣôײе£ʱ
ڵӾϲǲŵŲŸϽԶһЩ
һʱ߸ϻԽԽࡣ
ʱͦߣǺȻ͸Ȥˡͷһã
ۼ껰һԾڶ椣ܣԴûõģô磬ҹөһٲ֣ͳԿˡ
ө棡
ķ߿󺰣۲һҡڣƮȻâɲǼʽЦδ˵ɱƵɵ£
һЩɺӵ¶Ǿӡɫڣһ꣬٣
һЦŭӣ㣡

귢쭣˸߲ҵǰ֣Ԭٶȹ١ߡ
ԬԨҫȻеѹܴҵѹǲСءһ˼ҫϹã壿
ģ߲ݷ֣أ
ĿͶȥջͬʱеǿѹûô裬ڰ֣ԺЦԾ߾ȻĻˣ
һȺסȥ·ɺ꣬࿴һۣЦ뽾
ǰΪǵСĻݡ
ЩǳҺɣκˣͬǿġ߱ƣ˭Ǽӣ
ǣֻһЦĻ֪֮٣
źһƵߣ
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ҷ·ĬƵģÿһμ꣬â磬ɷ
һˣȷʱâࡣ
źǽԬԨâʽȻﵽâȻҫԴһĺ⾳
һ걻Ϊɫһȷеġ
ͣͣ
˫״裬˲Ŀ
ȻԵã˿ǻ
Ƕ˵ļ˵ۺʵϵġܣҾã޷ԴԴս飬ַԴ󡣴ܵʴ󱬷һʰǿ
ۼ˽սһս顣һۿȥʱЦˣ⼸˵սȻֻ˿档
֪Եʣսֵģ۸Ⱦսǿɣδжս飬һಢɫĵӣ
սԽãսԽǿٶȾԽ졣ĵܣÿһս飬Ӯߣһ·ȡ
ߺȻпûǮʱ򣬳ս飬ܴ׬һƱ

ڴսͬʱһȺûоսŮ˼
Ͼˣ߰ɡ
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ԶҦӵһ˵߰ɣҪˡҦ˼俴һۣûҪΪһһﵢ£
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075 ڣѧ
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Ҧ˼죬Цߣ֪Ƿ񻹼ǵܲ죬ҵĴ磡ҴӦҪѵ㣬Ȼ㲻֪Ǿͳڣ
ߴ㵣ˣҡͷһЦٲҪһܣǾ͡ɣ
˵ĳһǣƮĲãգ˸
֪ΪΣʩչãʱԺǼ𳤽֮սУǼĽǷ·һģ壬Ĳã֪Ѿһ򻯣ǷгЧδ֪ҦҵӵȻΪԲһЩмƮĽʱҽ
Ҧ˼ŭ㾹Ҧҵˣ֪ôϢ𶯣תۿХս壡
һϢս鼼ʱ䱬
ĸһĨ峺֣Ųæɾն飡
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Էֶι첢ѰһʱæңϢһ̣ˣ֮𣡡
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ʱûʱˣתȥʱһŮ¶ϲɫһңͬŶʱɫֹȴκγһ

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ұɱǣǱɺͼ壬ΪǳͷǣǴıһ仰Ȼǡ
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ĻϣȻûдߵĹ㣬ĳЩλ·Ѿ߲ĳصһĻ¶΢Ц
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ȻһŮʵ߳ʽ䣬ԼЦõҫˡǿǣһСɽƵĳ˶ڸסˡ
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ҪɱˣھҪɱһǵ̱ˣС蹷һĺߵȻסɱؿһۣ˴ˡ

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ЦУźͰ˽ѦѪҴȥİͷҴֲӱֻߵСӣǲ簡
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ѦѪɷߴʱԵģһͬ˵Уǿţ
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079 ·쭣
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ԴЦѡ֪߾Ȼµĵӣ
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ǣҦңҦΣΪԼʦ͸Һ͵ģԶҪʦҦҵ̵øཷƵġ
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ǵģǰѾִﾩˣ֪Ҳ֪
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˵᲻ϴαûΧֻ꣬ǽ˱Ҹ˭˰꣡Խ˵ĺ飬汻ɱȻ޶ԣίʵ̸ĳ棡
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ȻһͷὣһնȦסµĹ⻪ɢ¼ץסߵԴһ㣬еģ
ĿݵĴӱڤڼӹҡҡͷڤãȻԵú޵⡣֪һΪ˷ڤڡ
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ҦеŭüһӣǲǴˣܺãȻˣСүµúһ㣡
񣬻ǰȻ֣ȻתϹ˵һ仰ȥѱڿ˶ԣǣ
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ת۴֮߹ֻأɫɲǲҰף
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ΣվƤ£ȴĴЦѣһȺ׳գΪֻһꣿ


081 Ҳңһ
һӰԾȻգΪ֮¶Ϣ
һ죬ߵӰըѳһѪ
ȻһЦʼ磺ǸĳЩʧˣҵĳЩĻҪӲء
ƮƮߣԴܣ뷢˿©ֻһ˫Ƶ֣й¶͡
ʧˣɫһߣԹȻǹעһ˹ȻףǾƻʵۣǻҸʵ֮Ѻۣ
ôôǿߣԴ벻ͨ
һߴţһڸʲô㣬ʲôˣ
ŮˣɫĴ
ȻǸûб޴ŭȻƽ̫࣡
Ӫ̫࣡·ߵġ
߲µòСϹߣȷıͷԳһȵĸˣ
һ˫ڰеǵ۾Ķ׺ݵĵȴţѰ߱¶ÿһÿһɱߵĻᡣ

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ҪҪӾд͸񣬻Ҫķġ
ҲȤҲζ
ҪѾ̽ѰҵȤ뾫ʣ
ҶǾ棡

ͻأϣڻʵƤµĹȻףû̫ĺ䶯
ʵ۵ȸģʹŵ̶̵һṦ򣬰һּصķʽ׵ո˴Ѫ
ۣۣۣɫĹ⣬һÿһұѪһ
˵һЩ˵Ľһּ˵ӾܣġĽûһ˿һУ˵ɱɫʡ
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ĪҪΪһ𣬾ܺ£޼ɵˣ겻ƽְĪҪˣֻǽ֮ϻۣ
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ʼղһԵԣȻסصһ㣬һ֮һɫʵˮһԵϱ
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ۣǣɽķӼӿߣ۶ԸԣɽսûʵһûС
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ƴƴƴɽСүаɽɽҺΣ
һûϣιȥ
ʵüһĨЦ⣬ȻˣʹھȻȻɫ

찡
߳Ծһ仰һ˵һþԲƵ鹧Զ
Զɫʱһ䣡
Լ̨ˣɫһߣأʦڸ磬ͷ۸ңҪıңҪΪ
ظʵظѣģû۸㣬ʦһΪûع
˵Լ࣡
üЦбпɽקǱߵƱˣǱߵˣ
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꣬ɱң
ʦ࣡Һɱ
ͬһʱԶͰͬʱ͢ҪļĹ죬һ㶼ࡣ
ߵ̫࣬ͻȻճΪֹɱ
һճ뷨ֱɱ⣿
ճҪһЩЩСֶεġ


082 һ
̫߳˼ʹʵ۵˼
ʲôط̫ࣿһΪ̫࣡
𰸺֮
ʵΪ߳Ƶ¡ѧһ·ɱΪֹǾһ⡣
ںҦңǳԱǲߵʵǿǣɣңԶûһ֮
ųưۣۡ
˵ˣҵȭͷ󡣡㣬ȷɱˣҵķʵ۵һŹ
˼һ˼һЩδע¡
ĳ˵ʵ۱ȻɣֲòҴƽ⡣ǿһʧأǾǱƴҡ
ǾԲɱˣȷŵġҦҺͰڵȻѾǺˣѾ˽˶Թˣôһ¡
Ĵ֪󻼵ĵֻʵ۲Ӧ̹˵ҲԲƾһͲƽһһɣ
ĪҪˣҶ
ǡʱһ㹻ݵλͦһĻ壺һ飬λһ
ѧԪ΢ЦΪ֮£ԼһЩСᣬ˵˻ᣡ
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ԪƮȻĿͶڰϣ¶Լĵ⣡߲˼ƺѧԾΪ䣬һΪԶȻǡ
ȤأζһۻʵۺԶʵܹ̳͢Ĺһ
˺ߣƻһһٻһ߶ʶ֣ƺ඼ƶԷ϶Էļֵ塣
ܱʾ֮ûжƺܡ
ʵ۽ηǱڸ󹴽Ұһʵۺڸ֮䣬ƺǱôгأ֣ʵۺڸȨ֮
ʧЦȻྫʵȴ̽

ѧԪһ˵ΪɽĴԽıʾԣ
һֻ֮أ߰ԺЦ
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ɽѧˣȻڱƵĵҪּ־òȻǽʵá
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̸һ̨׵ı˵ҶʡʵϣںҦң԰ѹ
ںҦҲһ꣬ΪһɵߣΪһ£˴УںҦҵ˼ûôпգ
ҪǣĽǰںҦҵʵǿ֧ԮˣʲôûˣΪһ£ûҪС
ԣʱȲѵǾˣǾԺˡ
һ꣬岻סںҦҵģȻС£һûʲôȻǴ£һǾ޷ġ
һںҦұʾܵʱ׵ʱԻᰴסȻ󡭡ƽ͵˵
ںҦҺ½ڣȻںҦҵãԱĽɽã
һǿһݺµѽϣ
ߴӴԽһεһ뷨뷨ǰδе֪뷨ǿ׵ģ
ã޷ΪڱƵıɡһΪûǡ֯֯Ȼɲҡ
һ죡һ뿪ƣޣҪһǿ֯һǿ
գգۣϷʶȤζ

һЩҩʯټİںҦңȻһ㶼Ը⣿
ʵ۵ɫⲻÿһѹϢһЩ塣
һЩںҦҵҧгݣ̨ϵʵǡᡱĵҩʯȣյɷˡ
ԵȻǡᡯΪβó


083 ȣ
߰࣬ʹ꿿ȥʦϢһ𣬵µĻļһһʹȣʦ˷ˣ
һкڻ˼ƿ¼æߵ壬ôˣ
㻹ʦأȻ´ζ֣߳ʹ뿪ʦĻʹޱȣҡұЩҪˡѽҪˣ
ںҦŭ죬ֻ˵˭Ҫ
ߵȲԳɹԺԪ¶֮ɫ۸һӻеˣ
۸һڵĲҪåӣǾûѹǱģ۸һûпɽĺӣǸûѹпɽѹ͵ˡ
ʱߵһ࣬ںҦҶ߸ˣŭ̻ȥãǸΪˡᡯǵĳóˡ
ԴʦǺסһϴƹô죬һиðգͷ۽˵Ǳˣ
䣡žһ顣ҦҵĳŭԾ𣺡û꣡
ڵĳǴݷＷһ仰Сӣ㵽ôɱڵȣĪҪˡ
ȵ¶־壡΢˵СүɱˣҧҰ
Ԫɫãλú飬ֻһӣ
ںҦҵ˶Ҫˣ⻹һӣ㻹˵ڰ˫ɷǴءСֱ޳ܵĶ
κΣһ꣬һʵۣһԣߵĺ̨Ԫ涼¶Լƫ
ںҦֻݺݵŭһۣҪʲô
ҪʨӴ󿪿ڣһһº뿪ƣ
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ɲùԶԣʵ٣һգ۾ʹӦӦøİ׽ߣ
󣬻ʵ΢ЦȻҪó⣬ԣ޾ʹƷ佫֮Σ
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Ԫؿһۣ

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ץˣ
ߵ۵ףһĨ峺峺Ȫ絶һ

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һ޳ȥָס޲õġµ˼Ҳ˴ġʮǰǼ̫ˣֻҲ֪١
һǰ·Ͳǽ̬ȣʮǰӲǽյ̬ȣ
һǰǳ¶츳СӡգұƳ͢ǿܳˣӵȻ˺ʱڱ䣬µ̬ȣȻ䡣
ҧʮǰһֱڰбСӡСһǰѾˣ
ޣһǰˣӾȣˣʱ¶ʣ
Ϊ¾Ͳ֪ʮǰڰбߣµ벻ȺΣյɱ⣬Ƕ֪
ӳظǵģǶ֪
ٴϢѹͷŭ𣺡ʱлɱߣԽԽã
֪ΪΣһЩֵʵԶԶ󡣱ģٲɱûˡʮǿ߶ûɱߣֱǷ˼ģ
С֪ɵʮǿߣѾϤڹˡΨһ֪֣ܵûܴܰ
ģΪˣز̫áӲڰеȻһһ
ΪļǰǰһᣬȻӵеһԱǿһԾǰʲôˣ
ƻУһɫƷӰб߳
Ϊ׵һվߣ
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һȻӦŵǰսһ
ըͨ죺ߣһʲô·ˣʱֵ
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ңȻò
ɭȻз͵ظɱ
Ϲ㲻һԣ
ƻбУɫٷһƬƬѪһɭɭȻ˺ѣ


084 еĻʵ
ʩʩȻ¸ʹʱѾʼ
ڻʵʱû˵Ȼ֣һЩˣ˴岻ע⡣
ʹ磬Ϊ˱ʾ꣬Ϊͳ
һƾ٣һ٣һ䡣ǻʵҪϯģæµ¶ʾ˲ŵĿбҪġ
Ǹͳ١ʵÿʹ꣬ͨ꣬˶Ͷӡ
Ϊʲôõ͢ˡףǻޣǴӱƸӿֵĿܣǱƵδ
Ҫ׵ߣΪ˸ĹǸɡʵҪһ֧Ҳɵľӵҳϣ
ĺʽ֪֮٣᲻ʲô鷳ǻ᲻⣬һġ
ҺݵĹֲ֡
λѣûûεЦţʹȾƣ˴ЦΪͻأ
ܿ˵ȥ򣬶ǰ˸΢¶һЩĽ̹˵һһЩ겻̱ʾӣ
ԶˡһֶصİмΪٺãǶҪѵӾǾӣ
߳˼ְȻһϸľˣûôסοҪȥ¼٣ǲɣս󡣡
һӣʲôҪ
ߺȻиоͬİһֻϱĽ
һԵ廰ЩһʲôǣҪһ٣ҽܣأԴ󽭸

أһЩꡣ
ûһ룬߾һЩ̸Цó˵Ƥӹ򣬲˵ƣύһЩѵǲѡ
һֱһߵ̸ЦǺעĿ
òʺϽύ佫һηǰƨǡߺ޳ܵ룬ʮ꣬ʲô̫
ύֻһЩȷ̸ͶθͺñϱʣȻΪ֮ȻĽ
Ա߽ϱһû̫е񾭡ñȾĴ꣬ûߴգ
ĺʽ䵽ԣûþ̲ס뻰⡣
һ˵˸ԴԴϵĻ⡣ĩ̾Ǳõģͺˡ
ʼȻʲôϵһѡ
һģһû˳һЩʳʳٶ߱ȽӰĶɴ
һʳһ߱ԹľûٺóԵĶɳӶˡȵϴ󽭸
һ·ʱһ۵Ļʵۻǳһݽ£ġȻ󣬾˵˼򵥵ļ仰
󣬲ֵεǰʮ
ֵߵʱ򣬻ʵ΢ЦϡһЩӣҡţֻ˵һЩĻˡ

˻ȥʵۻһĬȻľ԰С
̫һ͸ˣʵ۵ӰӣĬĬȴ˺Ĵڡ
һƬĿյأһ̸̫ǰ̸۾ҹԵ䣺£빬ǰڴ˹
ʲôʵ𾪲ѣץ˹
ʵһ¶һĨΣʩΪΪᡭû뵽޶û뵽Ǻӵĵһ£Ȼץ˹
ʵֿЦһΪлʵ֧֣Ϊ·һ
ʵۺȻͷˣǸһС鷳Ҫţʵ۵һѰ졣
أһϢɢȥкܶ˯žҪǣᳯҰ𶯡
̸絭Ȼ£Ϊߴ˾δǻ¡
ʵۿŰ֣㰲ţ޲һë
̸ףˣ֪´ΰߵְ񣿡Ʒ佫Σʵְ
ʱȸһεţΣһ;ʱʱֲһЩ⡣
ߵƷͷΣѾ൱һˡڵطǾһʡ񣡿ϧߵ̫ǳ
ƴûһĴͳְνʵְһҪһΡʵȻģԺĿѾǼˡ
ʵ۳ɡ
̸תƮȻȥ
ʵĬȻ̫£̸ԼǣǺץ˹ðʧδزһᡣµͼҵδؾͲܴ￪ʼ
ͼҵʵ¶Цɬԣôף޵ģǻһᣬѾ
ʵ̧뾣У۹ҵϡã̹ҵһѪ㿴ޣܱһЩΧ
£Ǿõ̫
ʵһԲβſǿұոǺ̸ġʱҺȻֲʱ
ǵģʱҪǺʲô̶ȣ


ߺԼãһ䣬͸Էֵ
ǿ֪ǿ֮ʲô
ĺʹ̤ϸظҵ·߹ϳӰӡ
Ϲ˱ϣʦġҾܾˣǻ㡣
߶һɫӰ̾Ϣʱǲȫ
Ϊʲô°꣬Ϊû׸˵ɱ˵ͷý١һʦߵ³ˡ
Ȼѧҽ㣡ֻὣԶŵɡ£ƮһȻ϶
Ϲתһ仰
ԲҪűƻʵۣ
֪ΪΣ仰£ȻԵɭ


085 ƣݷͻ
ץˣץˣ
һذըÿһĿͨȨըÿһ˵İģ֪˶շתࡣ
ܶ¶ĳЩ
һ䣬̾ץ˹͵ظɱ˼ӡ𶯵ǣڼԳˡ
ֱ죬ֱرֱ۵Сۡ
ߴ˾ĳЩֱǵĺڵİһˣܲס˼ҾǾСۡ
ڶ죬ϢɢҰ𶯣ÿһӰ첻õĻͷ
㵵ǣһڵģȻǳĬʷ̨ĳеĵ۵ļһ
Ȼ󣬵Ǽɵ鵯̵ĿϷ
ȻǼɵӱŭĻʵһߣףؼֺȥˡ
ʷֻ̨ܵãܵеһˣǱ̫µĹأõǿԺŽᡣ
һ仰õ£ҪӣҪôȫҪôһָ
̫µĹأǼɵˣĳЩں̽ʵ۵˼Ǿ˵ˡ
õһʱ˲ĳĬšñʾɲϹصڸҲڳĬ
߲Ųں׵̸磬ߡñһ֮

죬߱ʾѹܴ
ΪԤĳЩº֣ɴʱסһλ޷ϵʦʱǰƣ߾ȫӦģϾһꡣ
²ʱ̸ţȻ߾ͲǾţǾʧ̬ˡ
Ȼļ죬ַǷԱȥһֶеķףӦóΪһ侫
ǽ̼ܵĵط䣬Լ˸䡣
ƵľϵͳΪ˸طرԺȻ߾ͳ˧൱ܲıڱǾ൱
Ϊ֪ԭ򣬻ʵʱòòطرǺѵֵҵʴֻ֡ЭһǺбҪġ
ԺͳϽİ˴󶼶˸ʮҰսǱսӡ˸ǳ֧͢رҵأ
ڼľ߷֣رʲ˸رҵͦδؾ˸١
ÿһͳϽʮÿһͳϽÿһͳϽʮٻÿһǧˡԣÿһֻ
ÿһжһΣһأԼҵˡ۲Ծ˸ľ
԰ǵİսһսϱʵϣصȷǴ̣ʵֻҪ˳ۣѽ
ʱڵһ˵ˣʲôģǱֽϺõģ㲻Ͼ񡣡
֮࣬ŷֱƵǿ׳ѹִǧѹ档Ǵʵۣһ˹ǿ󣬾ǿĹңƾ˯š
Ƹ˵ĸоһͷݷͻ

ԴУ˿ߵĽΪ⳥ʵ۳ûߵĹټ˰뼶ʥּͽˣƷ佫
佫ΣΡԸת˸ϵͳֻҪʵְһԾΪͳϽǧ˵죡
һǾζһսλоġһΪˣҪΪһ죬ܷԼԣԼŻ
Դ϶һ佫ͷΣ߽磬Ҫʱʱתϵͳ
ȻΪ߱ȽתϵͳκΣֻ÷չ
£ΨһǻҺڸ޷ֵģֻáΪʵ۵צԽڸֻӻʵ۵
÷չǱģһΨһĵ·ǻʵ۵˼Ϲ˵˼ȫλá

գգ۾͹ȥ
صԾѣԶҪˡдͱǣʩʩȻأȴһ֮Ͱݷá
˿ûоȣ΢ЦдԪѧʿ룡ƤˣϽϲ裡
ԪһЦǰһ󣡡
˵޷Ȼ֪䵱ԪЭƫȻԵʵģ³鲻٣ѧʿȻܰͰ
Ԫʶ࣬ʱˬ죬е㲻ӦЦһ£ֱԣҼСѴӹһЩ£һ֧׺ܷһ
ƣߵȻǲ֪ôˬȡ˰׺ʣ
ԪϸϸӦƬ̣¶ѹֲסϲúͼ֪СҪʲôſϽ
زءߺÿʹЦϲȥ
ԪҡҡͷЦЦСѣǽɡҪʲôֻ˵
ģȻһһĽթɴͳȥԪ治ǷһŹ֣Ԫѧˣ֮سģⶫҾͲ˼
⻹ǲ֪ı󣬲֪֪ҪҪǣԪֻ֪Ҫ˼ˣǶļֵǶ٣ж
ϧ˼ѧˣȴӣһۿ鷳žẓ̌ɻԸǷ顣
Ԫ治ӣշڻҺͳ͢Ⱥ֮߿ɽͣ·һֻˮ˶һͷԽȥ
ԪСߣԸĳıȡ
߽ӹ׺ʰ棬ӦȵȻʣʲô
ԪᣬɫȻѧʿ󣬻תΪͨս飬´


086 ʽ֮Լ
⣬ĳҶͷ׵ɽС
ûࣿ
ûСն
׼ˣܺãֻὣҽ㽣
ʹһ߽ҿ
߰γڰһλмǰˣһײãܾûʲôʩչһ֮𣬲Ÿ
ɡ˰İԿɫ֪Ǳ᣺ֲǰ
ͷӰǰΣ֪ϵ̹ʽ
Ľߵĵ̱ҪýûõģĽԾļʹֲַ
ֻ·һ·ʽһ·򵥵ģѧһ·
ʽ
һ׵ɫ⻪ɲǱٲȻһԲһնȥһϢĺХĿɿڴĿãһɽͷǱһƽ
ǿĽ
΢ʧҡͷȻֻǿĽǾʹˣ
ȻӦýԼߡҽ飬ûѧϰ򵥵һ·ΪʽҵĽҵĽ񣡡
ȻʧһĨĨ嵭⣬Ȼ£֪ʮ˱ǡ
ջرʱ򣬽ȻʮƬҶ򵥵Ľ
ߴǾ򵥵ġ
ˣʼΪˡһƵߣԶɽͷƮһɫӰɽͷȻ

꣬ĽѾħˡ
ɡ΢̧ǣǽɽյĽɽѾǹȥһˣһĵ·ϡ
˲Ϣ䣬ݺ겻֪ʱʧȰسڰУȻһ쫷Ϯϯ
ƮƮ£̾ϢҵĽʼղ㡣ʦܣ
һûзΪľѾˣһһֻΪ
Ȼ磺ȻϻؽɽֻҪ·ˣʦΪơα˿֧ţ
ǵУвŻ츳һȻΪڶ˵Ҳδضѣ
ĬΣҼţҵ·ǶԵġģǣǵĽѾ̫ˡ
ԿЦ˵ͨʦܣһЦҪĽһ·ע߲ͨġ
ߺȻеѹܴһڣһۣվߣ˵ûѹ
Ψһģתƻ⣺ȣ壬ô£
겻ÿɷһϢһԴˣߣһЩ¡һ֪ɽʧ֮£
֪̾һ㽫˵Ĵ嶼˵ˡ
Գ˵㲻ɣҽɽһˡ
ǼһҪɱȡʼ硣
ԿǾˣº͵ЦЦ£ڣȥɽһˣϻ͡
߿꣬Ĭ᣺ȥһˣ

㲻һһһ⣬רעˣ
ӳⷵص·ϣĶԣ˸С
֣ʲôõˡϹ˵һжƻĺӣƢԣսʣȻ·
ϬޱȣߵȷһֹѵˣעһӰڽ֮Ķϡ
ʲô߶õúܺãΪ
һֽʺ㡣ˮǻʺı
ˮһּΪıģһ֧ˮݻġˮˮһͣصǹ䣡
һŵˮߣ˰ٱĶΪˮİԶ֪ԷγʲôǶȴ
һ˵ǣһˮ˽ɷΧаѾԼˡ
ڰǳǳĽУʱǱ̤ã
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ʽҡͷȻϣȻʲô˵ֲọ̈
ȻҪֻǴҪ
ƤĿɿڴǹɱ޷ɱһүǵǶô𺳵¡
˵ȻΪˣôɱˡ

ֲɵȻд̻ʵۺ͹Աûüֻþ͵ڶʡ
Ϊˣ߻˾Ѷ֡ǣ£°һүӻûùûë
߼¿һʡ
ϧƤֱСľסޱȡǼû˯Ľңϵһ򣬱ͭҫ۾ζˣ
ĵÿһÿĿùĲ״Щ񰡣ֱǴݲС
˾ϽʣֻûһЩ˵ֶˡ
ȻһЦϹûʲô˵ģ
ŭľûˣΨһģ¶һмǿЦ
ͷúޣ֪ҪԽӦѵһ£ѧϰһЬϵˮˣ
ʽһľս¹ôһҡͷûˡ
ߺЦ幫
ˣһϢĹȻܵĳ
˼֣ˣһЩóԵġ
˼һĵȣ֪幫ϵһϵͼǵ幫ӡǳ
߳ȥ³һԵߣڸնˣҪҪˣ
š°˼Ȼţ
ǵһǡС
ĵ˾֣֣ˣ


087 粨𣬾ְ
裿ҵȻû裡
һһڰҡûɳ䵱ǸɵĲӦľͷˡȻҪ棬Ǿһ㡣
û裬үǶǷľٶ
һ죬߾һûаȫУԶ֪ԣ߲ҵ˶⣡
һζ¥ԷʱĳŮˣףǲǷˡ
̰ѿӵɵһţֻίȫˡ
ڸĬͻȻķ쭣ںǰߵģ̸磬ǻʵۣ
õĺôߵӰڸŭֲΪѡ
ڴĿɿڴı˸߲һȻںĳ緹ȥˣ

ڳ͢۲ݵʱһۻҵĵְУȻΪƷ죬졣
һʮĴƷ죬ڱİʷһ˵Ǩٶȡ䣬ߵεĻŲŵĲ졣
õϱֿȵʵȨְ񣬾һܳΪٵġնİ裬ʵе
ΪǷóսսʵϣǿߡǱƣһܵεġ
һˣȱλãùʸĶڰᣬڵڶûܾ
һĪۻҵĵ˭û뵽ԭһ죬Ȼ룬εľȻǡʱУ
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֪ʱ֮ǰĴͷĿȴȶȲŵĴͷĿҪ˰뼶ȲŵĴͷĿԴ϶һƷͷء
ʱΪ죬Դ϶һƷͷΡ˼ģΪʲôԴϣ
εĲˣҪݼˡͨ
ʱһ¹ٷԸ˽һ¹ٷ߽ʱжʱ𾪲ѣ
Ȼ䣬ǰ̸ĽԼλã
ʱкȻһ£ǰ㵵ߣһˣ߹Ȼ̸˽ӣԵģģ

һѸٵļ
һƬƬôУĿг񣬿ߵ¶Ź֮ɫ˵ӻơ
һ޾ͳǣֱЦ
߰üƺ²ôư
һЩʿ䣬ĳЩƺ಻̫ơһλ죬¶Ӻ
߳Σߴʱе죬˵䡣
վ̨ϣȻһȺɢʿ䣬ѹѹļǧһ𣬵ȷ˲Сѹӵ
߹ƵգʱʿһļЦСޣûУ
ʱǺôЦ
ߺȻЦˣộ
ЦȻֹʣµ˫ȺջĿ⣬һϣ
һСޣؼȥɣëû룬ⶼûãʲô
ôЦòãôûãǳ֪ˣ
Ƹͱȥĵ˴󺰣ʲôܣȥǲҪַ
һת۴̨һԾ̨£赭дһʡһҫеһʿƺ߱֫
ϳȥѲһۣС޶Ӯܸʲô˭ǷҲΪʲôҪһƱ
ĲǷһŭˡ
һָǸƤһߵļһǷǲǷһɣʲô¹ʲô
ʮǰƽѵʱڿ±ûгëڿụ̂
飬ʱ̼·ŭ
ǾԴǷΪֹӾͿЩһȺңƾʲô񣡡
δ䣬һŭӰԾ̣
δ䣬ֻչɲǽȥ¡Ŀһ৵һ½ʿɣӽʮ꣬ѾǲˣѾϢˡ
ʮʱڸʲôûëûһһĴ̼ŭ
֪¶һĨŭ֮ɫʲôͲ¼ŭüΪȻȴһЩԹۡ
֪Ҫߣޱʱֹ죬أ԰ĪҪǷǣ
֪ĳЩɫ΢䣡
ʱЦΪߵϽ֮·ͳͳ
ʱо̸ָʹΪ߱ݻġߵǰԶ󣬾Բ֪ܱȼġϲһ㣬Ǿͻõù

һһ
һӰһѪ׷׵ߵı֮£
ЦһĽһʿ̴ļ̼ԴƮʲôʲôʲôʸɢ
ѵûУѧ˼ұɢ
ʱһͼٷŭһԾߵıƵģһչɱȻûͼٵĺ
žһ£ʬ׹ڵء𵴲ȭͷ˵ľǶԵģ
ǵѵȱǵȭͷȱӲǰ裬ΣңΣ
һ䱬ȣһͷ𶯲ѣ
ʷϣ»ǵһγ˰裬ţľְԣ
پĿɿڴ𺳲ѣֻ˵ֱָǰ˵ҹĻҰģ
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֮𣬹ؼٻ
һĽâս鼼£ҵƣת۽ֲ֪ش
ϵһ±ѹʣŰòΪҲ֪ʲô
֪ܻһѪʡ
ϣЩøʲôѵˣȥһ󰸣
ЩڣǾԴͷǵë˶ٸ
ĿɿڴʱǸһͷű豻Ű豻ƺƵ
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088 ץ
¹ѻ
û뵽һѻȻߵȼġǲ㣬ֲ㣬ѻ˵ӿȡ
𺳵ĿһӴ̼һ㼤ԽͼȻĶȻ׷ȥһµͷ
ÿһ޲ľȻ𾪵ؿʱУ
ʱľȻΣ˼תǧأĩˣֻʣһ̾ϢͽȻƮɪɪУ
߰ɣϿһ£ʱΨһĽ
ΪʲôλãΪߵĽ黹ദñȽơһͨʱȻ٣
ʱٸϣһ·Ŀ켸Ȼ̤еʱ򣬺Ȼ亹쬣еҪһЩˣ

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ߵ£Ȩסĵȥִﵭ߽֮·ߣʱ׹ߣ
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ЦеĸƤСĻƣЦݣɫû
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û߿ЦãקŲ˵Ĵعһ¡ҵ֮ǰ
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ʽһ߿ԣһߴǵڴǰ̧ȴ֣ɲǼ䣬꣬ﱬµ
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켤Хһ𺳣з͵ظɱ
ɭҵһʱѪζŨң

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Ȼߵһ䡰͵ظɱ˵ĶУȻǾ޷
ĿһԺſͼˣӵ󺰴ţǸҶ
Ŀ쵶Ϊһ׼ġ
ΪץСҵȹǾǿߣˣʮڳĶ
Ϊְص㣬ΪսǾŴеߡʮѾһСĿˡ
⣬ԼĪİץ©֮㣡
죬СǺӣĲߵģνѷɣµƣ
һһϢſУǸ˶Դһ
ˡ³ǵһξ棬ж¶˷֮ɫ´ȴᣡ³˲ʺϸˡ
һǴҾĵһδж³˵ȸң֣һ³ȴɵñиƯ
֮侲³ˣƤСľǵ͵Ѫ꣬µûͷûԵ߳ɱǸѣѪͷˡ
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һÿһ쳹סĻصһƬ£ΪһӴˣÿһ˵񾭺ͳ
һԲصһĵǰ߿·һſͺȻѪС
ŨŨѪζ޿ײߵıԺһԲģÿһʬ·
ÿһ˿Ѫȣÿһʬ壬ڴߵ񾭣һԵķ꣬ʲôʲô
һЩ²ЦϷǲпһ
Ȩƣ˲пͱѪȾĴء
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089 壬Ȱ벽Ķ
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090 Ǹľͷ
֪ǣ߻һ׵ȹ
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ȹǽǿߡҵȹǿߡ׵ȹǶǿߡ
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Ȼ˳°ͣ¶һ֮ı飺СûϵǽҰҡһûϵʱĴǿߡƺƽˡ
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ԪһεãʮдԪľӦ
˼ǴöģûɶЦݿ䣬ڴţԪһЦҡҡͷΪıһʱȷò
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λˮͬǳ͢ΪҪĲţƾ˰ȨȨһճ͢
ڸУ˷ֱͻйְӴˣȨ֮
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һ仰ûǮĲ˲𰡣һʢһʱıãΪѱ±Ŷʮꡣ
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ȥ⣬פ㲻ǰӰΣһչѪ磬ӭչԣȥץˣ

֮󣬻ûвڸ칫¹Ա۴־ͷŭؿһȺצһԼ޲ɫɷ׵ĵ
ԱȻǰһȺ˵ͣʱ֣ʵǲ֪γƺŵλȻǰ참Եȡ
¶ĻԱĸ߼ߡĵȻǿߡ
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ߵĻԱ͵𾩳Ƿͷųꡣ
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ٵĹ⻷ߵԴϣһɳ֮ƣҫ֮
עǰ;޵꣬һƷԱģ
һЩٹԱеˣλǵΪȻҪӦð
ǲ𰡣һĹԱ˲𰡣
һȥƺǵĽɣҲ˦磬ƻɱȥ⣬Ҫ¡
ηηβǼвΪʵ۵߹ǾʱҪ߱צơЩȱ޷Ƿ̰

ˣ
ˣ֪£һ뷢׵ˣʯһ˿豭ĵƷһڣò裡
һ¶ӣ㣬Ѱˡãľһ׮£
Ϊ飬ĬȻЦĪһٹȵλãֻ֪ȣƨɵ̡
飬עһڹˡʵ۱ڹΪ±ڹΪ˱ڹ
һΣһνΪ˱ڹ
ǻ¶ӵ̸թϺ꣬Լ֪鰸˭֪𣿡
Цβ֪굱Ȼ˵Ҫ裬Խץү˰꣬յľ˭֪ܲ
ӺȻЦɻǵãʮǰǼ£Ǹϣбŷ⣬һһ٣ߣʮꡣ
ɫȻȻһ߻䣬һ¶𺧣ʮ꣡ãѵǡ
һЩΪһ֪ȴ֪ණȥӼڽû֪ʮǰʲô
̸һֺơ̸飬Ƕȥ˱ҪĨƽ
뼱ٺ£·һشƽʮ꣬ǧӡ̫Ĩƽġ
˭Сظһ飬ᶨģΪһ¡
ĬȻһᾡΪȡʱ䡣
ӴϸףӿһȺ˳һ칫УƻĴץһ̱ĴƷԱɣ
Ҫͼı£Ҫʱ䡣¶һĨ׹⡣


094 ˭˭
̱Աɣһ˦ͷһۣ
һЦ֪̼˶ˡ
Ա޲ŭһ֮ǰİ裬ͦΪ棬κȶӲǶµģ
˼үץĻҴŪһԱǶ¶鶼ûðͷֲˡ
޵ģŭĻԱΨһľɱǰצȻ˱֮צ
ĳһЩԱеһ߰޷ĻħһֱĺӣҪͷˡ
ĪҪˣǸɹʲôġ
ûע⣬һԱ˭˭Сı飬һȺͱߵˣֻһ䣺ӭ´

һ·ԱɣȻۡ
ʱԱɸоսͣһۿȥιȥҡ
ˣˣ
Աɫ̵Ŀధ̧ͷң
һЦ߷Լ׻һЩģֻҪ˰޹أȻԱɸмͷ
°ͣϣһ㳤ӡһ˼Ȼ̰𰸣ǻأǱ޹߳ŭĻʵһأ
Ʒ죬Ʒ졣Ȼ󣬴Ʒ򸧣ƷָӲޣƷָ֪ͬƷָʹõͼ
ƷãԵñȽϹŹ֣һΡʷͳ˵ĳһõʹʵְڲӴ˾ͳˣΪһڲְ
Ŵ󴦵죬кһЩôһְ˵ŵ죬ձ߰뼶
ϣƷ佫ʱԵƷְʵϣǱġ
Ϲ˵ĻǲΣ˵׼ĵڶ׬ģҲʵûҪСԣ跨ѰٻᣬһҪġ
֪ǷΪߵı֤֮Աȶࡣ֮Цˣز鳭ǲ鲻ʲôġ
Һɳڵûʲôϵʿ
ЦЦ֪ˡ֪Ҳ֪ǡͱõʲôϵһ¶Ӹʲôϵ
֮ļ˺˼кӵĿ޺
̾ת򹩷ͷǣһ㣬ΪԱɵļˡ
֮ͷô˾ȻȻᴹ죬¶һĨȻˣ֪ޡ֪һ¡
˵ţ˿ߵĹ

ߵ뿪ˡ
֮Ȼԥˣȥǻǻ
˵֮ԱǣǵĻˡ
֮һѹɤţֻֿŵһ޵׶һǧӵ޵׶
֮һʱߵı֤ѵõĿڣһҧҲСĲ
ʮǰ
һȻ
ʲôˣߴ󺧣ƶһҵľӱ߲ȻΪĺХ
һ£֮һֻССһٶԶɫҰ׵ĴӺƤŬȴһ
һһֱߵ׷ȥһɫӰ䣬ۿҪӶݳԼҡЦƤɱڣΪṵ̂
𶯣ս壬һԴ
Ѥͷ׵һ֣ƾԾȻ֣´̿һס˶ײײһʱãɫһ䣺ս鼼
ʱ󹩷ʱŭλ
ɲǣһǰϢһʩչս鼼ƾƴһٴһԴһף¶һ˫۾߶һۣ
һ֮ʡ¶ӣȣս壡һգۣ˼쭷ɣֻʣһɫӰò˵ٶȣ
֣߰
սⶫΪԶ֪˵ս鵽ʲô
Ȼ䣬һֲɭɭɫٲȻһĴӴؾա˺ѿĺХѣ
ĺһһһʵĻ˴󺧣꣡
һ£˵ʬһΪأѪܵĶ
̾壬ô˵㡣ǻڣǸöá
һ嵭ߴԶҵĽֻɱˣ
Ȼĺܿᡣǿүû˵ķɻֻײ¥Ҳû˵ĺĸֻײƤͧ
ʬεĽʾԴ˹ȥ
·϶̫̫һ¾ʮĴǮǼ߻Ŷˣ
·أ֮ȻصڵأϢ
ϸϸ۲Σһüһ۾һεķ֮ʬ塣ʬºȻһ̯ѪŭЦƤɱڣң
СүǣȻԶŵʱ
ˣĿãƺֵķʬ£ϲö赭дõʲô
ǰʱֻһ˻ɵѪۺۼ
֮ǰдʲôΪÿһڲ²ġ

ߵʱͣ
ϵۣһֱȻһҪЭġЭģǻʵۺ̸硣ץԽȨˡ
̫ƨɾͲһȡ
ʶӷصʱ̸ˣȷŹ


095 ԣ
бСդĴ£һһ϶϶
ϸϸĳһĨĨ£ԳһƮָĴЩƽؿĳ
ԡϡ£ޱȵĻÿһĲں⡣תƵһȽϺõѺ֪ͿǶô
ǰֹͣƣѶתƵõѺһ˯죬һֱǲϸѶݡ
ϡǵãʵ⣬ܹŹ֡Ʃ磬ÿһԶٷȶˮ
ΪҪʵģĳһЩ£̫벻ͨĶˣ߰ץΪ˽ϸڣ
Ȼеһ˿١˵ĸоͺһͷײһ˿ģӲĶϱߡ
ȻģڵĽŲӷ⴫ŲԵÿԵңǵãߵĽŲ
Լ棬ߵĽŲ˿ڣ׸ʲô
Թߣֵ̫ø˵¡磬һֱţúζѣмˣвȣзԡ
ˮôôεѵЩֵøˣ
Ȼ󣬷Ŵ򿪣á߹סһ⣬ʹԡһĹԡ
·޵ģЦţһм죺Ұһֱȥ
㣬һʱսҵЦУ°ϵϸϸëҫԵԼ֪ʲôǺˮ
ǰò۵Цеһֱɭ
϶ͬĲܣڸѹһСֵܵġҡ
ʼ磬ģˡʮڸ󼸺һֱ滳ɣǲǵˡ
һһߵЦǱΪҿδزɱˡ͢ٹδزá
Ƥ·һĨЦлˣ
лһ仰֤ʵĳЩ²⡣Ҳʵ۳׾ѣڸԶԵˣǸʵȨ
´Ҫ˽һ˵˼ˡȻߺжԶΪҪԼ

һһûһϹЦе˹֮⣡
Ȼһתҵأ
߰ҪûȤүҲǣ
ŭһ߻Цһ̾ϢϹϣ㲻ҪΪǶסѹŷ㡣ĸ˵
߸Цץ֮ǰʾ̸ָʹ˵ܶʮ졣
㵣ߵȻڣ֪Ϊʮŷˣһ٣һ貵ЦСͱʶȤˡ
ʱɫ䣬ΣҧгݣץҺΪʲôʲôûʹ㵽ʲô
գգۣȻЦˣ֪
СĴεİңĪҪΪһ֪ĪҪΪһСϱһĬĬܡ㿴ȫ£һСϱˡ
Ȼһֲõĸо
Ц˵ֻ鷳鷳ҡҵĹء
ÿһ˵һħɽʵһϲңڵģӵĺˣпվ鷳ҵӡ
㿴һʼ磺ҸҿԺгģҶûʲôвȻǱҷųħɽϵħǾ棡
֪ʱһŤˡһظǻȥȨӡһˡ
Ȼҵĳ鴤
ٴϲЦգԣץ㣬Ϊ֪ʲôֻǷҾͰϷ
治ңǾ͸ֵˡ
һϯһЦе˵һֱĿֲڣɡ
򶨵ЦһŲ·𶳽һӲ壬߳
ߣһȺ˼æӭΪ׵ؿԶһۣ湧һ£ûжʲôģ
ߵҪҪ˵ʱ򣬱Ҫ鹧壬ȷûжԹ¶֣
ԼǺҲ磬κʮֻƣѶ˹Ϣָܱǰ˲٣û⡣
ǽӽˡ߻ֲѣȥҪиϲǿɲõˡ
֮ǰͷһۣǴЦеһޱȵĿ־壡
һ˵ЦڣĻ

߶ԣڱ
һͣ仰˳ȥ߹ӦǹԼй¶ģǺ£ѹߣ߰ɻ
У߲мʱһֻɱˡ
Ȼһ仰Ѿ龩ǣÿһ˶޲۾뿴ôôˣ
ÿһ˫ۣڰУȴšû׼ð궯֣Ǿǰѱ
һйעȻˣЦʹˡҪǣˣ㲻ߵԴϡ
˵Ǿ仰а
򵥵˵ֻҪˣ֪µĶ֣һް취

ʹ
ڣʵ۷˵˼飺Ǻ׿˵
̫΢΢һЦʵȻ޺Ȼ֪
ʵɫһ٣һĨĪЦ⣺ǼΣ
ϳ죬翴ѾӦ̫̲סЦˣǰգѾýˡ
ʵ۵ЦСǺӡ͸һ񣡡


096 
ߵġձԣŵĸԡ
ˣҪ˶֪ڱһ֮ȫƶ֪ڹ˽
ٻ¥Ϊϴ
̵ĹŽʳҹһ죬ãһҪļûС
ڶ죬дȻĳλ¥˵ϵ׳
ߵĻǿԣԣЦǳ棿ɣû
ȻʣߵĴǣ߳һ̣עҪ̸ѯʡ
ںܶӡУ̸ָʹһӡ쳣ģˡΨһӡ󣬾һ㲻ЦݣԼ̸˵Ӣ
̸ӡǶ񶼺ѣ̸ֱ硣
ָʹʱʱ̸ʱһ̸÷İѱ±ߡ
̸һӢҳӣǴ˵еĹɱ֡һ˫˲ֱӵ۾һУ·ܰ˵궼ߡ
̸ûнϳĺûа˸İûڸֻǰܰһˡ
ȻһɱֵĴ˧磬ѳöʮ꣬޿ײĴڸУҰΪ֮˱ܡ
ԼģصĽߣԸ뱱ƾڡΪã̸硣
Ǻеģ̸ֱܸӵˡ̸磬˼һְѳµãһԾΪӴ֮һ
ߺȻеһļ£Ϲõͬǲ̸磿ϣ㲻һ·ˣҲҪһµĵˡ
̸ˣҪ֡ҵȹ׵ȹƣҪ鱨鱨
С¥һܰС¥̸ЦЦɺңǰĻѾ顣ɺҲϲ㡣
Ȼˣץʱ򣬹⡣һдð취
̸ûд𻰣ȡëʣڽ׵ֽдһ֣ˣҸ㣬鱨Ҹ㣬Ҫá
һҡ֣
áһ΢Ĵʣľ׽̸ȻΪǸһ֣
ʼ磬̸ҡȻ뵽ǸǷ뵽
ߴ뿪̸д¼֣صüչ


̸һ·ͨ裡
̸ãһԾŶʷ̨ʹˣͲõٴΣΪ̸õȨ̫ˣӦӪˡ
ʵ̸絣ָʹֻʮꡣţһ̫ʱ䣬һ
ߴҴԸԼ崦½졣ȻƾԷĵ
崦൱뾯ǲƷϵĸ١Ȼмӵ˼崦ջ񣬻岻Ҫ崦ı
˲ٵϢȻһߵԤϣڹһߡ
²һ飬ȥ鱨ҡͷӶһ˹鱨磡
Ҫ鱨һ㣬ֻӴ׵
æµʱ򣬹ƺӲҡҪٻ¥硣һЩͼ˼

ͷźĵҹ١
ߴûаѹؼҵϰߣȥ빤ϵ¡õĻ磬ֻǹѡ
ѧϰһޱȿ﷦ζ¡Ϊ괫ڵģĽ
ĲϱߡͣĲɣԲһʦ
ȻĲɣ粻ɡ£
£ȡ«衣߱ƣҵһνˣ̫˵¡
ܶǰһƽ˺һΪʺܺãִͨӲͶκֱʮųΪѨ
žһ̤˼ĵ·ÿһطսصĸ֡һһεʧܣڶ̶ڣһٴΡ˼Цǰٰǹ
һֱᶨһֱս˶ٴΣٴΡȻ󣬱öʮΪžʮꡣʮ꣬һǧΣһζûӮ
꽲µܲȻݣ𺳡һʲôֱ
ǣʮʮΪֻͳΪΪһǧΣһûӮ
ȻٺЦˣһֻΪǣֻڶ̶̶ʮ꣬ͻƣΪۡ
ʱһµ֡ȻҲû
߳죬޷𺳣ڶǧʤǧܣ
ǧܣǶǿ֮һһ˽ֵĴɫʡһŵĴ˵֪˶ٳƽꡣ
ڼǧܵĴ棬ߴԽ䶼ľˡ
İһĨЦ⣺һ¡

һΣһμʱһСʱһ꣬ÿһʱʱ̶̿۸裬һϴڶ򲻹ֻĬĬϰ
ڶμڸһֽ֡ɱ˶֡
ΣĿãɱһ֡
ƺûʲô˵ȥһμֻʮꡣڶμʮꡣΣʮһꡣ
Ȼ߲ΪȻʱ򣬰˵һ䣺ɱֻһ
ҵһμϰһΣϰһҼţֻҪһ죬Ϊڡ
߳ԾݣοЦͼͣѷɫκˣֻڶΪŰ
갲мͣֹۡ㲻ǲ
·ǲǴ̫̫ԣⱾ಻Ǵ
ĬĬ


097 ̻ر
¶䣬ࡣ
ݶȻһ볦θˬޱȡ
һΣ߻һᣬ˰ۣ
ϻۣܺáΪһЩͺ壿
ߵģʽĶ̣նá
˵ϸھɰܡǶԵģЩеϸڡҽ£ϣףǱԴϸڡ
ϣ÷ǳ÷ǳƯΪʲôϰЩʱǰ
߶ǶԵġԴЩ̬ȷˡϾһꡣ
ʱͷ
Ļشǣֵʩչеʱ򣡽Ҫ屾ܵУһУƽĽʱòƽ
˫ֵԴ壬Ȼ˵úҲ˵߻ħˣ⻰ʵе
ǾͳסģһһİѻԼ
ҿ᲻һ쵮У
һὣϥһö񵤡ҩº͵ҩھУĻâʱҡ
ҳԣ˵ҩⶫǲҷġֻӦѨͨ嵤ΪҪҩԵĵҩ
񵤵ŵ㣬ҩЧᡣϢ⣬âʱûâ͡
ںҦ⳥ĵҩԼʯȣϤˡЩ㹻ɷ
οʵۺ̸˶ǰ׵壬Զ⽱һĵҩʯһ㹻ɷˡ
ȻˣΪԼĵϵ¡߲ĵķһöϾԽǿԽǿ
⣺а£Ҿͻ⾳ˡ
Ȼһ£üûˣôˣ
椲ķһЩ׵ļһ
ߺȻһ൱൱ҵ磡о൱൱Ĳã

ٻ¥һߵȥ˵أ붼Ȩ͸߹١ôûƷÿζȥһζ¥
գǵգ
ȻǵƻͨȻǱɫ̫ÿΪ壬ߵĳһ仰ˡ
ϼһȻٻ¥죿֪ôǮСүӦġ仰˵˽˵ġ
ԥˣʵ̫ߵķˡԱŷ͡
죬ĶݣҳԱԼһЩѫһĹٺ佫ǳԶ˳ŵûţ⼸Ҳ
ƲǷַƣֻŲ⡣״Ǻ͵طñȽң
Һͻʵ֮䣬ϵӦǱȽϺгġǵϻʵۣﶼ޷ǿ٣˲ÿһҶʵۡ
ۣ֮֮֮ʴԲЦһϻʵۣǾԵġ
ʵۺ˲ҲǻҵڷŻʵ۶ٶҪǼ֡
һҺͻʵ֮ķ磬Ȼûд޷ֺϵĵز򣬻ҵھͲһֱ̬һˡ
˼߶żӱ棬ѰζĺǺЦ
ٻ¥Ļ׺ܶ࣬ӼӱĿĶǰһƿڴʵ۵ֻռһ롣
˵ҵУһĿΨһġ
幫ĬĬһ¡
ϵǵ幫𣿡
һ룬ǵãôһʮǰ幫Ǳ谮ã˵һšƺΪ幫¡
ٺûˣͺûˡ
幫ʵ谮ϲã˽ҽſͣú󹬼ű
ʮǰ֮󣬾ûϢ
һУʮǰһѪɫ쿪ʼ

ٻ¥ϣƻͨȴֻе¶ԼһĪģĿ־塣
ߵĻˡ߸ץɱӣ֤һǡʱص̼ӦõˣһĴ
ؿ֣ڲȥ
ߣᴫ
ǿЦ̾˿ҿ˰ɡαظ¶ȥûķұƵͼҵ
ΪЦĸ磬ĪҪ˵ⲻǱµ£һҵˡʮǰǼ£˭֪ˡ
һֱΪֻҪʵۿϷţֻҪߣǼ£Ҿ͵û㿴ˣǳ֣֪һֱڻ
ķıŭİô궼ȥˣ¼ʲôǶˣ
ַǹ˽ҪڸʲôȥѰٹٶȥ
Цαؿڿ֣˵ףһ׵һԱ
һԵİ¶ζЦݣ㵽ʲô˼ĪҪˣǼһݣǣͷǼ˵У㡣Ϊ»ˣ
һӺ˼꣬ȻͲʮȻһ̬
ȻһֱϷ֣ǾͲҪˣ
һ£ŭİ𣡺ɭɭûʵۣǾԻһ
ֻȻסĿڣһˮ㣬סŴ죬ɫѸٱò԰ףȻɫ
Ļǣһѻȸ
κһ貵̻ձը̻
ܶȻ˼ǵã̻رࡣ


098 ˵ļ̻
ɫգͻأıһ貵̻ҫ
ߺȻһ仰úӦ̻һļȣ
ѥص̤ڵذϣ߰һվƵϧֻ̻绨
һ¥һԾ£ȣϣ
һӰӺڰдڳͺһֱڵȴʲôӰҹĻУһѲһۣ

һȣ򰢿˸һͷݺԾݶתۣ½
ɫ磬кĵһӰϣһȺ
һƬƬģ̵ѪߡһʮǰѪɫߺۣϴ˦ȥ

һطһˡ
̧ϸѩ׵ľע貵һĻ֪ʱûС̻ͬС
ʽһץصĵ̻ãʲô֪𣿡
ĳ񣬺һҡͷһĨټŮʽ糺죺֪áһ
ʽͻȻЦúǿģʱܴ֣ʱֱ񱿵
ĵ糺ȥץסһ£ϣ
ȻһӦŵһӰӺڰдڳ˷֣һ

ڼһȸǰ

̻һһһ˸
ƤСǿ̼飬һĿڣȻ쳹
һӰȻһԾȴƤ
ƤСĻһȻ˲̫ߵĴ㣬ȻҪִУѹΧһֻӬˡ
һ´ƤСĺٺһЦ˵صҸáԺͼ꣬ǱڰУǣ
û֪ƤСһ˵Ŀĵأפء

̻һźš
һˣڴиˣڹעһ΢źš
һҹץ𶯣ҲӰ쵽ˣѡ
лҩģʵڲףûںⶫߵ֤ⶫļֵǶôĿɱ
һ·죬һ·졣
·ٲȻƬɫİѪߣٵĴ򣬿ٵĳһص㴩塣
ĬĬĲںڰУû֪Σյʱһһʱ֡
һӾ£ٻΪԵﶯݡһΣĺܺ棬ߵƾʲôԹ
ڰԻʱûд𰸡
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һδ䣬ӰƮȻڳɫȻ߰СޱȳٽǼˡ
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103 ˰ܣʵ
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ǣ˵ɱģ˭ң߿϶ȶ⡣
ǿʷ̨޷綼Ҫˣǲʹ˹Ĳţƿԣû˼ߡ˼ҹƤ£ôˣ˼˵߸ɵģ
̫Ưˣ޵ˣ
˶֪߱κû֤ݣ˵仰˵ˣǹ˭
ץ˵ɣǺдʡɴ̿ʹɱºȻˣǰôûô˦ӳƨ
Ȼƽʱƨҵɣʷ̨֤ȿֺÿˮû㡣
׵ļһһǹԱǹˣҳϹϵ߰оĿû˻ΪҲʹ졣
繧鳭ԣùҹǱҹΧˮйͨ
Բ鳭ɺ֤ݵ塣ƻѧ߼ְ裬åƤǲһ˼ҹֵǮĶˡ
ڸĬʷ̨׼򣬸ɴסֻͣС±Q˾ʵ۴ɡ
ģʵǱá
¸ɳԱһðߴߣüľǱˣǱӵܣԵ쾭塣
ԱԹɵģǵˮãҪǿѡôһΣ͸˴ôǾ˼ʡ
һͬԳ꣬µһЩ꣬ΪձѾﵽͨˡ÷ߵ꣬ȴձ黹žżʧת
߸ԴǳԽ˱ˮ׼һıǡ
˶ôϣ߻ع飬ˮȰ
żҫҦԹ졣ֻˣвΪȻϳ˳ۣⲻܡ
ҪȥãܳΪĴƷԱվʵȨģ
ߵǰ̸磬ȵصѹԺ̸ܴ羹ȻһֱŲɿڣ£ǽϳġ

ѹؼҵģһǷӡԣ߶Ƿӡ
Ȼˣ߻ȽϾҵиһаһеĹ̬ÿһ֤һʱ
ˣְ죬죬ݴٻְְæһģĽ飺û׼ǸĻˡ
һ֪ߵְ񣬶һλãǸ׼ġֻҪֻҪ¹ͣǾˡ
һΪ죬ĻǱġ
˵Ȼ͢ĻƶȣôһĹԱӡȥ볯Ϊ٣һΪȨܶΪԴѴʱ˷ڹϡ
һߣÿһһʱǼˡ˷áԣֻҪĻŴʱͿԣˡ
ȻĻƶǸ͢Ϊ볯ġչڣĹٶ¼ĻţǾҲѲĻƶˡ
ţɴڡ߲ĻԼĸЧԷжͲѧֻҪڴͳɡ
ʽ伸ˣһȻϹ
Ǻ«崮߶һͭǮ˷ܵǺ«һۣ԰װʲôءҲҪԷġ
ʽԼ̫˼ȵֻʱ򣬲Ż¶͵һ˿
֪ҵĻšĺȻеСҵѾ׼ĻţȥѰ
üŮˣҾʱӦ뿪ƿһҪʲôΪ׼á
һĿĵصʱޱȣ
ȻѾĻƶްθˣߵŷʼջǵ͹ĻƵļֵصĵ͹ˣ
һϷΪĻŽ֡ĵطһ·ȥԽǿҡ
һƽĽֵǲݺ;¥ȻͺȻһޱȷʢĽֵΪĻŵ˵Ƽص㡣
ÿһλĻŵĹԱҵġ
Ȼһ˺һ£˹ץסߣ֣ô
Ȼ֣ô
ҿһЦѣĻţҡнܣ


104 ѰĻ
ƤС˵ûȤ˵ȹһ䣬ȻѰ
һ̤·Сݣһ̤Уͻһĵĸоһޣϰز򵥡
ҲǱˣͱߴ꣬ȴ൱ĲѧţٵطȻ࣬˴֮Ͷм־֮ˮζ
Ǵ˵Ŀѧ£߸ϣΪԼĻš
ҵλƾŴһۿ˵ĳӦǱȽƽһ̫ϤЦǰλǡ
ɡ΢Цȭ񣺡ߡ
˸ɫ죬Աһ׺ѣȻ£˵̸ۡһ΢Цһ߹۲ˡ
ƤӲɣʵһģûһ˵ߵĿġǼ̸ǰĻ⣬żŲһ
ԴУ˹һǲϤǽղŸһʶġ˶һЩģżῴһۡ
һϯ̸ۣЦЦֻ˵Ļ⣬ʱȻͺñִķ࣬гֿΪΪġϧʵݻһ롣
Ȼһ֮󣬵ƤСתƻһ¡֮н㰲ģ¶һЩεĲ졣
Թһʱ㰲Ѱһڣˡ֪Ƿ㰲ǰһϲõĿ⣬һʱһЩ䳡
֮һЦǡôϣ䳡֣ʵһֱ̫ϲãĪҪǰ֪㣬ߵļλһ֪ˡ
ƤСĶʱãȻһЦȥؽ黳˵أΪѰĻš
Ȼ֮ͺȻ̫ϤȻ࿴һ֮ۡ۵ףһĨȣ¶һĨɡ
Ա֮˾Լ³ˡ
֪ߵĴѾӶĺ䶯ˡȻô䶯˶֪ǼֱûʸΪκ˵Ļš
һ˧꣬ǱΨһĴƷʵȨԱǱĹ٣ֻһ߾ͿԳ֮Ϊ߼Աˡ
ȻȻֻǹ٣ǱƵĹٶˡʵȨĹ٣ĲࡣְԱҪѹ󣬲Ϊ٣ΪǱ
˵һ㣬ûΪܣ͢ȥ٣ͰȥɡԣһְԱҪڹٳΪǱ
߻һʮϢꡣͨģʮϴ趼ûءߺģΪǱƵš
ᣬţ˲Ĺٳ㡣
߱Ϊһ̣κ˶µ߳Ϊδָʹָտɴ

Ȼһͷ԰Ļ롣
Ϊߣǲ̫ĻƵļֵһ̸ʶĻ޿ײĴڡ
֪峯ʦүôĻƾͱרҵӹ㷺Ӿ߱Ӱ
룬ĳֽǶĻƾһִϯִй٣ܲãֻ֮ġǸһǿ˵
佫ǾҪĻšĹ٣Ҫľҡ
Ļƣ͢Ϊ볯Ϊٶ׼ġĹٶѾ뿪Ļˡ
ĻÿһңԲɻȱĴڡȻΪĻܹȡȻΪһǾԲܡ
ȻĻ˽ȫ棬ǾԲģԿдһ顣
ձʶ֣˶ϰǿ׳ǣէƺһ𣬲֡ʵôã֮ʼմһǱڵǵ
ܶĿϿƾ٣ûгɾֻܳ͡䵱˵ĻţƽƵĻᡣĻעɲɲĹؼ
ĻȺ壬߻ӡõĻŶǣؼûǸ۹ҵҪġ
չ񣬲ǹԱĻţĻһӹΪûۣԱʮѡδ
һ㹫Ļۣҵģ֪ܵĻţһԣŪǱˡһҶصĵ߹
һǰ;ĹĻмô̸޶Ļų鵱ֻһϴ辳ˣĻŵԴž
Ӷ֮ͺһߣǷֵЧ
߲룬ҪĻһΰչֻ͢Ҫֹͣתһʱˡ
һ̸ʶĻƣƤСǶ̲ס̾³˵һ˫۾գգͣѾ㽫ʲôĻˡ
ҪʲôĻţеò׼⣬ĻһҪģھҪҪĻš
ʱǶ֮˵ʱȻȻִѰĻţΪм˲Ӧ
չ޴ءˣ
֮۲΢䣬Իؿš̾Ϣú½
ĸǾʢĻţвŻƽضϲ¥ȵء֪˶ȥֻһֱûϹ
ǴأθʱﶨӡȻΪݣĲŻͶ֮ס
˵ˣ֮¶һĨĽĻţһЩǾǲһȻ֮Ȩ֮䣬δؾѷɫ
ž߼Ļƣ˻Ϊ뵽ʲôȴ֪һֱһЩ£ʱ
û¥ôܰ¥ַʽˡߵ̫ᣬû̫ǿҵԵʡ
¥ôĵط߼ش֣ղѣ״˿һ꣬Ȼһֱû¥ֳ
ҪȥҪҪģ


105 Ŀ
ߵʱ¥ͷԴתƣ͸һֻСƵȥ
һûпһ
ȻƼؼˣȻǲ̫ΪĻš⣬Ͼأֻ㰲ǰ˵̬ȣȫһôĻᣬ֪ˡ
ļҾϺãûҪðհԼˣ享ǵ˳Ѷˡһãǰ˳ɵѴԼ
ڶ֮߳
΢ЦвŻµġˣ
Ȼ֮вŻ²١Ϊ˴¶Բִ֪磬ᡣ
˶٣ߵԭ򣺡̫Ϊˣ̫󡣴СëҲΪҵĵһĻšȻȻĻŰͷԪϡ
һɣû˵ɵԽԽû׼һҪ·֮벻·
ߵôʱκΣòһ㲿ţȥ˾ͺѳ
أüͷְҪġ
ʼ磺ʱع跨ѰƤʹܵգգۣ循ϲĶ˵Ǵһϲġ
ʽƤСļѣͳ˧ÿһء
˼ؿһۣĴָΪ㡭ҪĻš
ЦЦеˡǰţƤСĸԴ֣ɼܲס׼һ¾סǿ棬벻̫ǰ̡
ʽ㣬ȫʺϣȥΪƤʹܵĳ·ֻҲʺϾӡ
Ϊó͢ʵʵְϲ̫ðˣֻҪѴܺͰƤ߾ܲɫİѰΪƷ
ڰƤһУƷƷǨ˳¡һҶг·вְȫ

ĵǨϢȻ׼
֪ߵְܾ꣬Ѿÿһ˶ǨˡίʵһЩ˳Ծ
̸磬ѵ˽ӣ߶е㻳ˣȻһЦ
һ߸Ǩܣмλ±ֳɫꡣϢִŵһЩµĵϵﵽԼĪʮˡ
һꡣ¥ǵ£һʱ𣬶ʱԹ쳣òҵһ֣Ȼûᡣ
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֮ȼһߡȼգҺͻʵ۵ĻҩζѾŨҡ
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Һͻʵ۵ʲôߣӦ˵ΪĺƽŬ
ȻǷˡһȻǴ̼òᡣһߺ裬һ߿ֵЦš
ĻҸɲãì⻹򵥣ƻԶȽסƻʵۺͻҵĻǵìܣ̫ˡ
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һԵ³ǺúӣвʣºҵìܣʲôΪʲôû鷳
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³û飬ܴߵ˼ʱɫ԰ףǣǡƴ󣡡
վһ֮Աǣƴ󣿡
ҵĴڣһվ̬㿴һֱϹϹզĻңһЩʲôˣȻ½۲١
⣬һĲ꣬Ҳһ꣬ܶ졣

һͻ꣬ѾǸһ¡
ߵϵĺã˵ġ˾ܷߴãóһҵһõĵ㡣
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ұסҵļ̳Ȩˣ˻Ƕ²ࡣǰΪңһֱţĸ幫˸
СȻԳЦˣҾǣŷ֣뷨Ǹҵġһֱ˵ĸ׺ҵĸˡ
ĬĬȻأ
ǰ¶˷ˣ˿ʼʱҲ֪㡣Сƽ˵һЩ޹صĶ
ȥ궬û˿ʼ䵱ǷһĽСڽ
һľͷˡ


106 趸С֮
һľͷˡ
⼸ҺȻһЩŷ֣Լʵһľͷˡ
СһһҾƣɫӿֳ죬ҿǸҪޣҾͳޡ˵Ҫɱ㣬Ҿɱ㡣
Ҳ֪Լ˭СûᣬһĹ¶ĺӡ
ҡͷ̾ϢȻ󣿡
ҷֲʲôģʲôǼٵġֲʲô뷨ʲôǸô뷨СһһڵغҾơ
ҳף
Сļ»ͣ˵ˣʵۺڳܣ𣿡
ûЦЦÿһ춼ڳۡ͢ٹһϣȻ죬һԡ
һڸ;Ժ˼СȻЦЩĹΪûǣҪ´ңν룬Ҳֻҵ¡
ʧЦȷڸ;Ժһһ߲ŰзŻٹٸûҶ졣ʵϣӹһ˶ܿҺͻʵ۵ìܼˡ
ûһɿġСۺһѪ
ʵһֱģΪƴһĽɽڸһֱƶʮǰǼ£ûԪȴʿһЩ˵ġ
һΣڸӦʱıص㣬Ϊ㡣ΪǷ֣ǻʵۺͻмĴ̡ε㣬޷չ֡
ͷǡҲµˡ
СȻҺ㣬Ǹǡ᲻Ӧ˳ΪʲôطϣĳЩˣ
ߺٺһЦ˳㣿Ǿνˡ
Сվؿߣʵۺͻң֮ԻۣһǲԪһ룬ڵȴһ˵Ѷ

߷ؼСĻƺѾˡ
һЩ䡣££죬û׼Ҳһѩжܰȥء
˸еס֣һѩ᲻󵽰ҶˡǸо϶ҿбҪ׼һ¹ˡ
·ŭĺߺѹʲôϸҽԼҪѧϰƺսϳɵģ͸ĵ
޶ˣƽȴȽݵʦ̾˿ĶȽۡҿʼе죬δĶˡ찡ҵ۾ôȥ
ºݺݵĵסԴ֪ǺЦǺʲôأʵ㡣
ûûĺٺһЦû취ֻüȥˣ׼ϢȴͻȻͷѽҸȳȥͷɡ
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´ŭ￴ôشû𣺡ƻڼȻʦҲδܱסСùԹԵ뿪һȥ˵ĵطܷͷ
Ů˰ֻ档ҪǸ߳ǰ벽˸ҿɻײңĻشһ䡣
ǵĻͷϤߵȼġֻһֻĻС֡
ҡҡͷû˵ʲô
ҲҡҡͷΪºͰȸߣһֱûͭ飬±¶ܡ
ϣͻΪ⾳ϥ£һö񵤣һЩͻƣû׼ǰսˡ
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ȡͭĬΣǷܳս顣˼һᣬһҧ
ʱһֻ̤ʵص½սԾȻ
ٸָʧѪ֮ɫҰ׵κĿսָһЩһݣ
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һȦ߾һ̵ȥ滳Ũɩķء˵ҲһЩʱûϵˡ
һһ˶ʱ˸߲ҵкСߣǻһˡ
ǳϢˣ죬ְҪء
СϢˡ߿డ氡СôõСôء
ǸŨѼ䣬Ϲ䡣ŨпСߣҪڱǾͺˡ
𣬸ɴãǶðߺЦһ£Ũ͸ȥϰˡ
ŨɩӺÿһϤ˴˸ȵкһȦȻľһңһҡ
ԽϤ»һʶҲһһľеĹ
˳ظϻؼңһۿϵЦеվſڣʱüЦϵҿǲŶٱ󣡡
СӣЦһ䣺ҪѧĶкܶء
ǣһúѧϰϡֻǺȻһЩϵˣǸƽʱûʲôԴǣڰ֧ϵ첻ȥã
øݡЦͻȻϮ
ƮȻܣٺ٣ϵǰ㲻ҡҵΪء
Ϊʲôϵʱ򣬶ɱ˶ٱΪߵءĽĺ棬ƺԴ
Ȼ߶˵һ֮һʵ㲻Ҫ
ţһȽе˵ָǣ߾ԲɺӵܡԼ˵ŶԴ
ϵ˵ЦһᣬɫأԶϵʣôˣ
û¡ҡҡͷֻһЩ£ڻǷˡ
Ȼڼſֹͣ˲ִٶس󺰣ˣ²á
ߵؿżˣ˵ǲˣ
⼸˶ʱסô֪


107 ǽ֣Ǹǡ
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ߺִҪϵһڹٵϣһʱĳ
ӭ쬵ķ磬סĴߵޱȡͺһÿһڽгʤʱָоġ
Ǵ̼ҵִֻ̼²ǶңǰѺȥˡ
ץһ죬߾֪·µԲŻĳһЩƽĽ̸
ҪʵҪ֮󣬻ҲҪ
ʵҪͺҪһ˵˵ڻʵ۵
СʵۺĳЩڵȴһ˵ѶǸˣԼ
СһĳЩҹĵùʮǰƹ¼У˵ΨһƷܸ㹻ɣʺϱģ
ʵ۵˼Լ³һųߵ㣬ƺһְ취Сǰߣʵĺ֣ûϲһǷ˵Ļʵۣҡ
ֻҪСˣû˳ΪĳЩǰߵĶˡ
ĳЩ˵ǣʵһֱͼҵԣѻһУǷֱԪߺȻһȤĶ
һҪһҸǧҡ

һ·ϣ»㱨˴ŵľơϵġ
߲²г룬ղı֮ģһֱڷɱʱҪǷֹã޻ݺǺȻǶеơ
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һȺ˼ڶסһŭַѹѹȺ·һƵģŭָʹռҶ񱩣˵ĸоͺһʱըĻҩͰ
ʱɲгˣ
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ҪȽȥȻ˼Ȼһ٣ʱ˭£ȥм仰
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յĽ̸ңҰ㡱ΨһɵĬСҪҪĳһЩһЩ£Ǿֻܰ
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˺У˸ˡ˼ʱֵʢʢ֪ͬǶ˵پ
ϵңûԸӹһ鷳Ȼ治Сһֱø廥඼Ǳ־룬֮ǰûײү
ÿӦǻצʵʲȻֻӻʵ۵廥ྴԶ֮
ʢ˵ľȻ𣬵ʵܺ⡣
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˼죺ƺιʳģûˡˣյգش˴Ҫˡ
ȥ֪ռ˰ص˴˼ĻˣѺĻȽϸɾ࣬ΪɱĻᣬ߼ûʲô
ϣûϣûиɳɵͼ¡ΨһĸпںͲڣǾһĽˡ
СС㵽ʲô
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ǽ϶ʱ¶һ֣
ߣһֱһЩ뷨ʮǰࡣԼһЩһܡһĴܡ
ǻҵšû¶ԣһҪ幫һҪ
֪幫˽顣ǵģ˽顣ȻԶ²幫˽ͨһ˭
ٷϻϽ²ǵءСؾͲЩ°룬
Ǹǡ
һ𺳵ۣ·õһǽϡһޱ𺳣ޱ˺Ȼ֡
ߵ۾·𱻴סһӣֹͣˣﱻĺû
幫˽ͨ󣬿κһôһ
ԾԲܣҲӦǸˣ


108 ŭĢ
Сԣòţ
ӰΣȻһ⣬Ȥޱǳ£Ϊʲô˽ۣͨ
ʢУйŴΪŲ١ŮӵĵλҲδز̫ࡣйŴŮΪ٣еģеġ
˽ͨһۣ൱Ķˣһʹá
߸˻һ飬׵ˣ˭˵˽ͨˣ˵˵һԣ籣֤ŪѾġ
̶֮ԵײŮԼ΢һЩΪߵݸߵŮӣԼС˺ܶˡ˽ͨһصۡ
ߴ˸Ƿϧ幫һУ㣬ѿ˸񲪺ƶһ֪
СһϾѣ˸ѵļһ治ӦġƲ죬һǽϵָƽˡ
ӻʴ۵˽ء

ɧˡ
ĽееԲˣ޷Ӧ־档ɱˣǼ򵥣ӦָӾ棬ƻеѧ
ܸ˻죬ʷ棬Ѿѧ˲٣ȻӦ˵ġ
ӿɧŭǰӿĺɤӶɳˣΨһģסҵĳ
һԵ³˲ޣԼԴǲΣʲô˼ʲô˼Ȼһǵ˻ô¡
ֻܿЦóǾˮˮ׮£ġ
ʣ˭Ϊ߱һĺڹΪ˼ʢȶǴ°أںڹߣǾ˭˭
һЩŲô࣬³˵ĻΪȻ
סҪǳĴУЩ
һЩʯһǵԴϣʱһ½ͷѪκǿģҲ䣬֪ﻹһЩŮء
ұɿһѺӶˣȺӿ֮£ۿԽԽѿơ
ʯͷһû׼Сɵˡ
߿ĻǷŭ𣺡֣Ҫ֪࣡
Сܰýձ뽻ȻǾͲˣ
Сı͸ı£һҪ򣡡
˵ǿʼֻǽ֣һ֮󣬸˺ľǡߡˡ
һӵܵУмһҪã̫ⱣҺҪҪǻˡ
ôģôģǶ֪ǸߵļһһҪɱ˳˰裬Բسұƻ
ȻӦŵһĢƣͷŭʽĳĶңŭķӵĹ
һֻֻŭĢ
ÿһҵΪһĪıߣȴÿһ뼫ȵıߺͿȡ
ֻҪһ񣬾׵ȼ㱬ߵĻҩͰ
ֻҪһǣɧɧڡ
ߡܾû׼ںѾƳѩ
һָͷͱһĺЦڱ˵˻Цеĳ֣Ŀ
ǰһЩһЩ̷;¥ʱ¥ӰƺڴĳЩǶһݻõĺϷ
ǶУϴұɴǼһġ¶һ峺Ц
ŪңǾͿ˭Ū˭ɡ߽סüëɷʮ㡣
ȿϲ쳣ˣ̫ˣУ߾ѳΪ˵Ĺǡ
кһ£֣Ҫ˵Ǿ͵˵
ߴݵǰָһǣȻЦǾһң棡
ĵĿɿڴȻϰΪðɣʲôɹˣʵڶ¡

ߣı˹
һ߼ˣͻȻһǳŭĴ󺰣ɱΪ𣡡
ɱһŭҰγصıˮһ߳ӿڡ
һ˳ǰұǿţһţüͷһʡһ貵Ľ赭дĵ˺
âǡôһ͸һ£˵ĺֱӶ
ھ¥Щ۾ˣЦǰͲ߸³çһЩȻЩļһû
Ǹ˵̫ˡ
ɭȻХɱԱ
ҽЩı߰Χ
Ȼһת֮䣬͹λðȻһһȺҵȥ·
սǣһڳɰΧȦʱЦŰһһ
԰ټƵĶһˮһ¼ᶨޱȵͭǽڣһѵķڷŭĢһ޷ݻٵǽ
ΪǶǳԸɷأҳǶǾ׼óܺɡ
񼸺㳲һɱİΧȦĳʺһѪɫ²ѣôңһң
ʺȥˡ
Ǻüҡߡ
赭дģЦţĿ¥һЩӰΣ
ᣬȻջĿ⣬𶯣ҸһᣬеͶ
ҷƵĺмߵĻҰţһ궯УɱߣΪ𣡡
ĿȻ߸߾֣һն£
ţ


109 һʵ
Ҹˡ
Ȼţ
ȻͬʱŭһִصʱȻ֮䣬䴩ǰһˡ
ЩĳǰˣȻҽе£סĲҺš
ɱ֮ߵЦ𵴳Ҳһʲôã泯Ǿ͸
ɭɭȻߣÿһ˵ĶУһɷĴ
Ƶĵһ£ɲ֮䣬֮֡һ裬ϮһУʮǰȫѪߣ˼ȫڵϣ
һֵֺЦߵϣԵŶ꣺ΪƾݣͿ
Ѫʬ壬Һһ𣬳Ϊǵӵŭ𣺡ң㾹Ȼɱǣ
Ƶ¶ǵģɱ㣬͵
ЦУѹ̲סҪ˵ǰ׳գǣɱ˭˭͵ʱ¸Ҳô˵ǻҵĴڸҲô˵
ΪɺҾͺƢɣϵĳѡŭ˼ңһһݻٻʹڣ
Ѳһۣұס̾ϢһȺ޵࣬ѹֻߥһȺһݣҲûں
ܶΨһļֵǾӣţȻܳͷءΪÿһᴦһңǼٵģ
һȺ൱竵ļһ룬Ȼİڰ֣Χסҵһˣ
ǣˣ˷ܲѣĲŽа衣ץһЩͨߣʲô˼Ҫɣ͸ɴġ
ЦЦһ֮ǰгɱۡ
ҵҸΣ
һ£ȻԵõڹ£ƿȺһζ¥ȥ

жйעһߣעأ
ߺȻ룬ζʲôȺ֮Ȼ̫򵥣˸оƺһЩ뷨ʹ㡣
ζֻңҪ޷Ŀɳˡ
ʵڴڵһ߸¥ʵʲôȴ·Ŀʲôޱ飺ûʲôܵסˣֻࡣ
û˶ǰߵܴܶҲûȥѡʱˡҪôʵ˺Ҫôѡʵۡ
£Сˣͺðˡ̫ЦС
ʵ۵ӿһЩ죬ĳЩԭûС¶֣ã˼ˡ
һһ½һֻķ蹷ҧ塣ĳЩ˾޴ٰȥ类һһ
ʵۺȻһЦޱȣʵ۲θڣǴԼ뻻һʵˡ
ĳһطڰӴžž졣
Ҫһʵۣһ仰˵þͺ㻻һֻƵġ
ʵۣǻȨԲڴ塣ģǰǰλˣ
еǿڣ
ϻүʵ۸һˣѸг߷˳һľҪءҪģֻϴӦ
û취λеʡ
ûСϺͽ⣬ǼһֱߡһһҪǣҪߡһ컹ǻʵۣǾһɱߡ
˺侲˵ʵʵߵĴӪǿƣֻҪʵ۲Ǿɱˡ
߳ΪԱ֮һᣬҪҪʵΪСζջᡣ
ڵ֣һֱƽû¶ҲգһҪ
ܽͣǰΪһֱ£ֱո¶츳󣬻ſʼץԸ
ۣ̾Ǿͣһ˵ʵۣ
ȻһӰ챱δش

ţţţ
¥ĽŲ̤ÿһ˵ϡ
¥Ȼһӱˣ̤Уٿվսսȥ±
һ˫˫ǳŭǳޣǳӵĿ⣬¥ݿڡߵϰÿһ˵ǰ־޴ѹɢ١
һ°꣬ﶢǣָоͺڵȴǰһ־޻ڵײУû˸뿪û˸Ҵں
һ̾Ϣ˵ģ̫׳ˣ֣̫ûˡ
֪аλײеۣȻҡ￴ϷǼֱǵ͵Ĳ˹
֪һ޷йǰ֮ȻңɿңҪԹǶԲİԲǸʵܵ͵ĵµ߰
û𣿡ߺȻʡ
ˣ࿴һ۱ּĬ
߲ʤϧɸ֣ԺܲϽһ㰡𶼲ǣȥඪˡҪңܻܲһһİ취
ǣһᱱã˵ͨѹû׼أֻߣ˵˽شģɱҲһ취
ҡͷ·
Ҫô˸ɴࡣҪôߺȻ紺磺Ҫ⳥ҺͶʧ
һȻߣʴ͸һԣ
Ȼҡһǰ߷ϣӿһ޷˷ܣԹ
ڣ
Ȼ̧һɲǣ¥ĶȻѡһӿĽһ׳ļ⣬䱬һУ
ɫҲ࣬ľȻΣݵ
̫ҪˣȻڶԸһССĺ⾳
߳ԳԵЦˣóһ͸ʮ塣޳ܣǾͱһȣ˭޳ܣ


110 һΪʮ
⼤·ÿһ˿һƵĽ⣬̲
Сģ̫࣬Ȼһĳ֣ȻϢĵǰһЩ𵴶Ŀֲನ
һһҵȹһһҪͣһɱδܱסߡ
Ŀ¥Ѿݻ٣һۿڵĽ֣Ǻҡϵ£ÿһǼ
ǣÿһһ̳ȴеһηĹΡ
̫ǰȻʩչĽƽ棬ʵʤν
߻ȻĵļֵһõģһһҲδزܡ
Ŀۿսаʵս˼ԼһЩİҲԣֻҪɱ˵ĽǾǺý
һζ׷Ǿ岻ˡߵĶӰһʩչм˵
ΪʲôܾãĽѾ豹ˣȥ˻ڣͷѽ⣬־绹ġ
ǻ̲סѿڴޣ˲İ꣬ѹ㣬ΪĽѾˡ
ü̫໹ΪǣȻĴʡ١
ͷ̾ͻȻһЩǻıһˡһλɱڲңǽ
ҶϾٹ˼Ŀ꽫Ǽһ¡Ʃ磬һʵۡ
գգۣûʲôǴһһ˭ɵƯ
򹩷߷ſֵЦݺ⼸û۵Ķ
սĻЦĹͷȻһ䣬ʱ󺧣ң
һδ䣬򹩷һԾǰž¾ͰҸϤŵ練ơ
ȻǰνشһϣʱҽеڻͷһۣÿЦеؿȻһһҵ
ߵɫһдӾôˣΡ
Цһս̾Ȼڣľǲһ㡣򹩷Ѻ⼸һȥ
˵ȻԵõ¥̫£ȥ
ڿյϣߺȻһ£״ڴˣղ˵ġһԡǶ಻˼ôҾܾ
Ҳû߹һһ˵ĺգգۣһȵĴ󺰣ûи¼һҪ󣿡
ŭС
˦֣һɵһ壺˵һ䣬һ򵥡ǻʲôûУˡ
ڣΣߵıɡǻʵۣɱǰһƱˡ߲Ų¼ŭԷ
ʱҪ

սУݵ÷ġ
ֻóɱİ꣬һģڼЩУŭѣоԸ
±ߺ˰ûӦʼ磺취ŪһȻϿ˯žˡһڻ񣬹κ˶˯þ
ʣŵɫҰ׵Ļ壬Ȼǣ߻ض
ʱҵкȻӰ͵ݺ᲻ֱȡҪһʱı仯˴ֲ
ȻֶĲʽĴɱ̫һ鹩ǰЧʵڲ̫һžͰ߱ȴûж֣סʹڻȥ
߾δһĨ峺һʮ壬һǣ
һɱһ壬Ȼȣ֣
Ūˣ񼸰ҾһߵֻҪһѡ
ʱɲѣѲһܣҵǣ֣
ֻԵħʱͷųȻ̧־һ֮һʱʱʮҲҺ¡
𶯵ĺϵ£ã泯ı˵ȴʣ
󱬷ɲǼ䣬һȻһɱҲҺţĺڿޣںڷŭ
Һ֮Ȼľǳȣһͷ֮ʣ
߾ȻҹȻ¶֣һǼң
ߣѣһһ𼸺ȼվ⣬Ϣ𱬣ɲ֮һս鼼壬䱬һУ
±߱һЦһȻָȻӣֲҪİ˵ˣǸһСү͸ʮ塣
֣ͣһȣдǺס
𾪶սļæ֣ͣ뻮һؿߣӲˣû˸һߵĵ
ֱǹȻΪеľٶ̸ңϳңû˻Զû¸ɡ
ʲôߣǣߵϣֱ˵ı췴һʱջһս
ۿսʱߺȻһ֣
һùҲҽе£ڼֱҪˣҽͺ޿ײʹòģ
ÿҪоʱ߾һΡĴѾڵ϶˼˺ۡ
ųаİ꽻֣ҷģǾ·һ
һη֮ƺ߲Һһʽͽ壬Х׹䡣
壬ҪκλᡣߴźٺһЦǰװƣ
װҵģģڣЦţȻЦݽӲѿڣҲݣ
ۿ꽫ҪһɱһʱһȰӰϢĳְߣ
ˣ


111 ˼жԶ͹Զ
ˡ
侲һȣһӰڣȻߣĪǵ
ڣݵ۸Сүɣקëء
ߺȻޱȵϹˣԼϹ˵ͬҪϹھڣøӺһ㣬ȻȾ·뿪ơ
קëأôСүطһľʡ
ͻȻֵڣһʵ˾ӡı飺ģ
ڴҡͷЦˣ߸ߵؾסõˣǱµצǱµ˼˼жԶ͹Զɡ
üһ³Ȼҡ
ҶԱɫһ䣬ڳ죺Ҳø泯̫µĹأʲôʸԱָֻţ
ѵ߳һںڹѵıʵۣ
ֱˣöô޳ܰȻһԲܵʵ۵ı췴ˣǰ׹ˣŽŸøɵĻ
˺Ȼǰɵ£Ƕ¡ֱӸڽа壬߸ڣǲ档
ڵ𾪣ߵƤˡκΣȴ޻˵ײø泯ȷ̫µĹأҳãļƽϣǾǴ
¶һĨΣߣѾɱ˲٣پȥҲûô
ʼ޹󺰣Ϊò죬ôܻɱˡһ٣ָʬ壺Ŷ˵
ȻͷǻңɣһΪı췴ıôûҡ
߷ŭͷָһƱƿԵĵȹԱĵֻһͷҸҪȻʸڷ϶ɵó
ĿɿڴЦ㣡
֪˵һЩʲô
ߺȻЦشڣд̱٣˯žҪôҪôţ
һͻȻܷӦ˲
ڷһһϯȥȻЩϤɣߣ˵ˣյΪֹ
ΪֹΪأгϢģ꿹սûгϢЦץһ󣡡
¶ãһǵصĻϯһУɼرɡ
Ȼ̸Ȼ֣һ̧·ɽѺһģ˴ԽܷΪΣ

̸磬޹ء
ü
̸ȻЦָʹûܶ׶ܷ뿪
ԽΪڣǻǻʵҲȻֻ֪ңûɵǸԽ
̸һ߾֪ϣˡ
ῳ̸絭ȻԽѺ̸ĳһ˯žҽ飬ÿѺʾˣΪΣ
̸翴ңΪʲôҴӦϳֺЦһۼƮȻ¡
￩һ£ϳͬѺԽ̾˿ֻܴӦãͰ̸˵İ졣Щҡ
̸һƣóߵλͷͺñ۵ĺĸӣ㲻ˬҪһҧȥǾǱһ
ĴŭЦĵˣȻ̾ϢǾѺʮͷǰɡ
ʮꣿѺʮûˣʮһðѻùͷˡ
ΣҪڡͷһ棺֪ʲôʹɿı췴ѵڴˣٺȻãû׼Ͱ
̸۵׳Ц⣬һ߾Ȼֱʵı
ῲֱͣ˵Ҫʲô
Ҫ̫ˡЦЦֻҪ⳥һж˵
ʱ˷Ȼһ쵼ڸȡôء
ã㡣ΌϣپȥǲǺ¡˭֪թ꣬ʲô۶ӡ
ȻʱԱһȺ˳ڶ⣺̲ģǰ򡣡
ῶʱ̾˿ɺȻʲôˡֻҪסԽǾ㹻ˡΪڣЩҲܡ
ߺ̸磬ЦЦǲǻһι̲ǲ飡ǲ鲻Ľܻ˸۵ġ
̲˽ȥῺͽϳŻԵԽƮȻȥ̸翴һۣҲȥ
ʰо֣ЩϤѺ
۰ΣԡУ°ͣȻһЦ̲̲˼ĳЩΪֲĳѺۣΪôء

ΣߺȻתͷŮˣڣǵһ£ԲҪŵЩң
룬һֽʣдһݶǵãǱº̸˵򣬲˭ҪЩңȰѶԷ
Уһˣ͸ҿʮԴԴ࣬ȫӡҪʱԵ
ĵ˳Ծؿ³˺Ȼͨŭ̲Ҫ㣡Ūǡ
߳Ծ³Ҳ̫ײˣһЦû£ֻȥһȦܿͻ
ת߰οɫϵϵûµġߣ˭Ұô
һϣʱ̲һ߳ߺȵ죬ץ£Ҫһˡ
£ȥ̲ЦС
ǵϣȥ⻰ҪǸҳڣ߾͸̷ɱˡ겻ǰ裬Ҳǰ׳գ͵ǻ
̲ǱȻĴ𸴣ȥͲϹˡ
ߵıӰɪ궼סǷݶصĳϷʵĻ֡


112 
Īöŭҳã¾ץڼ䣬ڳǳࡣ
һϵе¼Ȩе
ߵĽթǿӲίʵڲڶӲӣǽ̲λͷǿӲһ档
裬թǿӲѳΪߵıǩմȨίʵûжȥǡ
ΨһȨǸеǣǸֱײڱ̲ץˣ൱ֱ׳ץߡ
ץģڶһʵƤӷ̲ζҪһףǹء
ǿῺңǹأǺߵĹأҲǹءûйأҪǷַӵ¡
ùأͷذһΣȻҪǸҲܹأǻʵҲס˼򵥡
ǿߣҲòϣǺܶһк֡
εζ϶ô̹е㻳ģе㻳衣ܵ˵һߣ̲û˸졣
ܶʱΨһƻصľҪۣʵ۶ҪЦҪۣһʵۣ˼졣
ϹǶԵģӦйصĻ국ȻȻڽϣʼ̫ˡ㣬ǰҾѾɱЩˡ
ЦĻһ£ǻ¡
ΪһˣصĿӣùأǼֱǱرıܡˮйĻ٣ɵʱʺ
ˣҪȻҴɱȥȻ
ɱʲôɱ߹Цûµģġϱء
аڣ޲ðߵүһ˵ʵڵģûʲôͷǻ̫ãֱȽˡ
šüëֻ룬̲ûиᡣ
жϣֻҪãǾʲô֪ˡϧˣʼջûõġ߹ƣӦǹ̲һֱȥ
ɱߣǾ跨٣Ǿͺɱˡʵڲɣȥû鷳ҾͿԣɶˡ
ĳЩңҪĴԼʱˡ˲¡ͲûʵǷҪʱ䣬ҪǾˡ

갡
ȻվڴڱϣζΪƣұˡ
ĵ䣬ôܻмƣ
ߵڱϣ˸ǷʵҪŪңҪŪʵۡû˼ҲãһʮǰǼ£ܻᱩ¶һЩ
ѾȲˡĹٵ̬Ҳǲˡ
ǧĴ˥ܣܱ߸ֻбƺͶϣǿʢޱȡ߾ä˶ƳҰҰģϵ֮ΰҵڵȴƿ
˱ûᣬһʧԲƳۡ
һֱɷƣΪʲôĹپȻӵԡʶһЩ֮󣬾ˣιƽĹٵ롣
һ˵Ϊ룬ҪΪ׸ıȡȻΪıȡҳϵ룬ǰգȻǻʵۡ
ʵǣʱĹٵ佫Ҫǿң
ΪĹϵܶĹٻ̰ܣǶ룬Ǿ겻һʧȥ;ͻ߽⡣
һǷ˥ܣֻҪ͢жѧʿǾж߰ˡ
ߵ⣬еǸͼڣ˶еľԼγɵһִؾ
ֵǣ߲ļʷǳͣ͵˷ѽ⡣ʦоΪܸһĳͻ߷ǲ²׼
ӵ͵߷Ϊ޽࣬࣬ʦ࣬࣡
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ûһŰһ߿̲ԺţǣҲԲ
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ڻʹס죬¶Ҫôӣ䣬תͷߡǿ㱻İ׳
̫ˡʼ磬׷ȥҡС־Ƿⲻڰӭ´
ֱ̫ˣôܴӦ³˷ѽ⣬ͶΪȻҪһЩʮ͹ˡ
ߺǳ⣺ȥһ죬û׷İӾܰǴˣҸ˵Ļˣжҵж󡣡
ίİһӴ֡ȻʣÿľѶûİ
߲ŲںеǮʣزݺݵһƱԺûˡڼĲңǲǵ
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ǻʵֵ֪ʱ򣬶һüһ
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ͷɡЦе˵һĳ֡

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δǮɵǣʾԺӴ
һ룬һֻжʮӵң֪һ棬ʵ̫ԣԴǶࡣ
һֱ¶֮󣬺ܶ˶һǮɵıǩʵݹߣƹûܴҹͷե
ӣ൱͢һʮ֮һȻﲢûаѳ͢ϵȥ
ƩֱͬȻߵԸóȥһöһϡ
ûǷ񼵶һӴ룬Ϊ˱յһ֮𡣾ȻŻҪ˰߶û˵ֱҹȥ
ĿֵӵĺôǶġڶ滢ڶʳǾͽ㻧һʲôǴϻ
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һÿһ˶˺ôôϵºôչˣÿһǿڿĴ޸衣̸Ȩأֻ±ߵ˶е߳Ϊָʹˡ
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Ҫһָʹ顣


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飡


جоѹ죬ڰѱ춼ŪʪˡʧȥؿգΣŲȻҲ˯á
ߵûץ֮جξû뿪롣ÿһε˶ʩչ̣ÿһε´ŭ
סף˲٣ǵ鷿ΣҧʱչͷԾƶǰȻѣ
ڻˡҾ֪Ҽȥ߽⡣뾹Ȼѡ
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ܿˡ֪ܿˡһεڸѡƾʮѻ͢⣬һġ
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̵룬·𽥽óٶ
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¶ӵûںڰ˿¶Ŀֻһ˫۾Ʒ
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ȻߣԾѡʮ꣬ȻӻŪǧӣȻû֣ǼֱͲ˼飬ֶ̫ǿˡ
ˣ֮ǰһ仰ʲô˼ˡ
ǹǿһԼĪǧҡȻⲻʡǧӲ࣬ʵϣǾһӴޱȵ֡
ϸˮǽǣʮ¶Ǿıˡ
һ˼ɳɤţ֪򲻹
ȻƢȻȻӴҴ˵Ҳ֪ӻ֪Ƿġ

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µǴʮǰʼŲ˴ԼֵǧӺʣΡѵñ˻
ѵȾӻʮֺԭʵʮδöԻ참˼ʱһ
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ȻǱã
߲̲סȭһʵȻпؽģܺԶŵá
ʣµģҾһ֪ˡЦһ͵ĺڹУעҪΪʵ۱ڹ
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˼ΣüȥΪ˲¶ݣó͢ôûжκˣڵ
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ɢˣѲĴ֮ˡϵºͻҾѣһ̡û֣һǡ
ľȻֹƨɣ˲֪ôشΪû飬ȻҩЧ֮УȻҲܶ죬ɼȷһ㰡
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֮ǰû˵ʲôҲû֡ĬȻԾһģһĻ顣
λɵϡ֪ء
˵˻Ŀ˵ʮǰ⻹ƣ̫͹˰ɣΪӱ˵̣ʮֻһֱڵλ߹ٰɡ
ô򵥵ĵ룬Цľ˼򵥡
˵ˡߡ߰ڰ֣תҪߡ
Ŀɿڴʲô˼һˣҼҵһΣôеĳɲҪߣæ
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Ȼ˵֣ҵ;˵ʮǰֻһƷ٣δ·ۣȻ඼֪
ֻ֪Լйһ˿Ϣ˵幫˽顣˺幫Ϣͺٺ٣Ǳڹ൱һʱա
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ԼΪڷңҲû׼ǼװѬѬȻ߹ɧһԵСүЦ
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³˵˵ѧãٶһЩĬ˼ôʡ
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ȻȼͭӰ֪ĹϵǱɫһ˵Եһ˿Ȼ
ץסͷڻУյԽԽ·Ҫ޷һ㣺ҲŲһҲǣ
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ףһһʣһһȻĸоɬɬģ˵ĸоǡǣӦġߵĿǣһĻһҵϡá
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һһ˵ĩ˲ź޺޵ҲŲ룬Ҳף
ʧЦΪŮɢͷء㲻Ҫ޸˭
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¹ϵشûñµͷ˰ŮǺӻʺϵģͶС׾ǽѡ񡣡
ҾǲϲˡĹĵ˵ҧһˡ
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͵ͺܺðƣΪʲôһҪһӡ
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һͨŮӣûϲѡȨǣһΪǿŮߣȻϲѡȨԽǿɾԽ
¶һѰζЦ㲻ϲǾ͸ӽެסҲˡ
Ҫ߾ͺˡһʧ룡
ȻҪѰһףΨһ뵽ֻǸˣ
ɵӡ¶붨׶òˡ
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122 ɢ֮
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ף߷һĨЦȻ¡
ˣʵûˣҲ̸еˡ飬̸֪ġ
бҪץһץˡЦЦʵۺͻҵľѣҲܿ죬ܿͿܽ١ץסץסһԱʵ
һ߳˼ԡ꣬һСȻһɧһɫҴҸײһʣˣ
죬ǳˣŵ뱻ַԾ
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ʵԾƺءȥɡ
ҴҸȥ㱨̸磬һ·Ų˵ɧ̾˿ˣԹõ¡
ԾǾųɸĿйأǾõļ췶ΧҪǣʵ˽´ӻ߼ֵǧʣһĿҪ
ʧ˰ǧӣһĳ޵׶

ͬذը𶯱ƳҰ𵴡
ôӶƷ߹٣Ĺ֮һ˷Ծڻɽڣһʱ͢ʧĹʧʧ
⣬Ȼ⡣˵Ĺʶ
һĿãԱҴҵҴҵȥ˽ǡ
͢ɵ𶯣ֻһʼһʼѾ൱鷳ˡ
գʵּŭ̸ʧְŭΪְһŭ֮½̸Ʒֱժ͢µʱ򣬻ʵһ¡
ʵȻʢŭ֮£ȻּñŷʡϽ˰
̲ʹΪлץ󰸣һͷײȥʵŭ⣬¼ּ̲ʹ±Ӵһͨȴʢŭ֮£ʵָ˰ҷ
ʵ۵ֱּ´ãڸ̾͹׷ҪʵҪּ⡣ʷ̨ϴָʵ۵ĳ򲻶ԣҲϹء
ҪǾûɲֳ͢졣ʵȻҪɣҳġ
崦뾯ר±ʵۡԴΪ壬ʵҵһǿվסɣһٷڸ
ලõĻ˷۵̸αժ̸ĳĬУ½ɱȥ
ʲôôˡ
𾪣ʱпЦˡڻſڴˣ֮ңҶִ֪磬ûټǾ˵ˡ
ĻֻΪԼ˵ȷ⡣һδģļȺܣǾټˡ
ǣ̸ͽϳӦѸ٣ֹܿˣʵȻּ߳Ҫ߳ǵվסŵ̸硣
иУ»ûꡣ˽µĻȺֻܸʱдӣгϢ°볡
һֻеȮһЩ΢ķ仯
ҹϣȻݶ
Ȼ֣ʱֲԣ
ߵͷ¾Ǳǰİ꣬ëȻǻҵĳĬԽ˲
Ȩٹ٣Ѷ첻ֹĴ籩ÿһڽÿһ񾭽ţõȺܾǹֽźѹɵġ
֮ء
ߺȻ̸簵ʾǷǣȻˣڿǣǷһĴ̼
Ҫˡҹա
ԭѾһˡһ㶣Ц벻һ·˺ܶ仯
ĬĬţɶ𾩳ǡţҡһΪ֮һ
һǰʱϹ˽ǰŸ㡣ȡһţƮȻ
չţΣɫãϹҽȥһι磬ĳطҡ
Ϲ޷ǼΪӪйܹһֻõš
Ҳãȥһι硣Ҫĥ£ĥ²Ϊľý
üͲˡһļ͹ˡһԴײҲĥǼ֮ǰҪúһϹϢǾ;ˡ
Ŀ峺˸߲ҵվֱչ˫ۣҾˡ
Ҫȥ磡


123 Ϲ˵ĺ
磬ˣ
˷̤ܵ磬ȻͬһֱҰһܣĿĵĿܡӭ籼ܣоһޱȵ⡣
ǰһЩʱʵһЩڽŹڴ̼ˡ߾úбҪɳһ񾭣һһڲȻˣǰϵǧҶ´
ȻһЦ߷йһ޼ɵĴ󺰴УһЩҲ붮Ļ
ʵ׼̸¾赭дĶˡ
磬һ൱׵¡
ͱƣĳЩԵʣʴ˻ֺƽΪЭһ֣ÿ޵ģҲܴģǲڡ
Ϊٸͽ·šҲ׬ĺûᡣϾһֻսļֵ͡
磬ռԵĽ֮һһεһժͷҲ
ߺ꣬ŵߣ
ߡ߹ϡ
ץߣһ磬תʧ

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ȻǿߵٶȺܿ죬һʱðٶȴﵽ٣ߵȷɻǿˡǿ߲սеٶȻ
Ĳս鼼Ǳٶȣ൱ˡ֪Ȼǿս飬ûʲôսп±ȴѳ͵սС硣
һսԾȻڵƽߡ߻һͼϲã壬ˣȥһȥɡ
ϰ·Ҫ߻൱һЩʱܸϻȥһͷã
߸ȥԶƮȻһĺϡ국Ȼð죺û˸ˣˣ
㱣ءһƮڿУ١
һжʵɼҡ꣬չƤͼ᣺ҵǰλãȻɶ޽Լһ
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һѵˮߵˮȻж֮ȻֻǷƷҵĸоһˡ
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ʱΪڴͷĿһ仰ڴȻϤĴ֧ɫĵˮøߵĹ֮С
һЦѽ裬һתһȦһȰĵһѽϣ

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ƣƣƲ졣Ҫɿ֣ҰһЩ˳Ҫ۵ġ

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ĺ߳һ󡱣һĸоˡĿûһֻȻһЦ¶ˡ
һһ족ֱ쭷ɣת˲֮ǰӰʩչĽڹȫһƬƬĻɫ
ûüģ߲ӣҾԼԺĴºӦýԭһ졣
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ս鴦ɹʱ򣬲ṥΪϵϵԣǲṥġ
սģʽΣյģΪսĻ᲻ҡ
·߲һ嶯Ĵս飬ܵʱ򣬲߶ʮһսսȻսϵóԼͶˡ
ΪʯԨǰͳɹͻΪϽˡ⼸ɱүҪͻˡ
һͻƣҰ¡¡ĸľȻү˵

Ӧþˡ
߶ͼ鿴ƣϵǲĴ̽Σûκջ
ʯѵشתƣϹˣ˵ңȻڣ̫ˡ
͵ȼٵģ߲Ȼڵ졣һһͶصģʯ鸽ҵһűǡ
ָһʯ±˰졣Ŵڳһܷĳˮף߷ۣϹˣ̫ûˣδ汦Ϸ
ȻٽʯԼƿӵҩԼһš


124 ԲҪŻʵ
ʯԨսһΣȡɡ
ȡżһǣ£ʱ޷Թɷ㽫Ҫġ
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ϹˣȻϢͨء̸⣬ĸһͬܲܲҪôң
СߣڱúܺáţλԽߣʵԽǿԽȫӼס۱ƻʵ۶˵ʲôԲҪš
ԲҪŻʵۡ
ѰζЦˣϹ˵ڶظ仰ˡϹ㲻ΪĻŻʵ۰ɣ
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֪ɺҹϵãΪһ֪ڱƵĴǳգΪաΪˣΪ׼һҷ˺ֻܴܶһΡ
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һᣬҳһ̻С߶ʱʹˡôõź̻һ㣬Ǹ㶮ġ
һֻƿö쵤ҩЧԵΪپǷ̷
˿֪öҩ켶ҩǵʦҩʦƳġڶޣ߾ָ
Сĵ̷һö쵤һ븹Уͺñһö̿ȫҪȼˡ߼æϥ

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ԼǺɫģͺҪȼˣͺʱճɻҽ
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а취߱յӺͿˣȻս飬һͷðһ
߱㾢ǿƣһһİЩԵĻһ빫ϣԲסˣƷߣӦܶס
Ӧðɣ߲ҿ϶һݺݰһЩƹȥ趵ɫ̾ͱˣȫ죬һͲ
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̱ڵأȴֻžһͬһը˲
ҵİӣ
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ⵤҩĺܺãֻҪʣµҩʮߴԼͻΪâˡ
ⵤҩʵ󣬲൱ͬıҩʦžãǾһ˷ѡ
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ս͵ǽ̤ʵأ
ԨȻգߴϲ̫ˣͻˡԺƴս飬ͲԿˡ
Ԩ΢ЦǰȻһ񣺡Ԩʽݼ
ĿɿڴвСǻˡ

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ȻЩѵĹʱ̵ĻͷүӣΣ
áԨ΢Ц
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û취սǳΨһ·ֻڹӡԭ򣬰սװΪȫװս
һȺ飬ʰսĴ̽顣
һȻأߴ㵣ֱˣþûӰˣе
СĵذɶջأսջأСĵĿһ򡣸һ·ͻȻ䣬һСɳԾһӰһƿմ
һ֧Ѫļͷ˵͸˾ȻõסأڴϢŤͷѪ𣺡Ͽߣ
һӰԾɳϣһǾ˵ƿ𣡼ͬʱһһԾϣߣԴըѣȴǵסǿֲһ
öѪ̬߱죺˷ˣ˷ˡҸսð
ޱȻһѪ⣡˵һŮܴһ壬һѪ⣬ܴһ֧ǧ򼶱ս
⼸һ·ǱӴԶһȺڵսɳϡ䴩ŵĻ͵һ˶ҧһ׷ߣűʬ
ϣߣ·̸֮ʱʱĳ֣Ⱥ׷ߡ
ϣߣ˰죬Ӹļһһ׷ķȥ
Ц˵ΣյĵطȫĵطûʲôطΣնȫǾͿжˡȻжϴˡ
Ⱥ׷Ӿֹһ֯ġ߸Ҵģ߾Իһ׷һתһͷײȥ
̾еϧˣôĵĻѵð
׼Ϊ͵ҪȥԳţȻͶ˵һķӥ˾ϣȥҪΪǱ̫Զˣ̫Զˡ
ӥ˾õĴ֮һ˼ԾкһȡҸλһҸ棬Ǳ·һ
Ͷ˺Ȼɫ䣡


125 Ϸ׽Բأӥ˾
Ͷ˶ʱɫ䣬߰ڰ֣Ҳǵˣġô˧ɱʲôɫ
ΪʲôͶһҲеж
Ƿӥ˾Ǻһרټĸ֡ЦУʶ
ȭָԽ򡣡
ûʲôνʼ磬һʵǺˡı飺ûԱӲ̼ûɵӥ˾ʲôɡ밡ʲôأ
ⶼʲôأǮۿЦҵһ·ʧǡȻǣлر
ߴ˸ǷӸ絹Ƿ·ˣӻһ׹ǣġ
⣬˦˸ָתߣ
Ҫʣ߾ûˡ
ӸŭĿⶢ߰Σ˼䣬ҧǸϣ

ӸͻĬĬţӵ⡣һߵĸ̻ȥˡ
ߵĸǣҪʲҪ˵һоڲС
˰죬Ȼ̲סΪʲôһֱûзӥ˾ټ
߲췴ʣϲȺӣʱסʵķ
˰죬Ȼûӥ˾ˣʵЩ֡Ӹʣܿˣ
ǰ;һ䣬û涨Ҫӥ˾ɵһܿҲһ취ô󣬾ͷӥ˾ǵˣȫδҵˡ
Ӹͻ࿴һۣԼһ˵˵ĸо
˵ΪСǮ׬Ʋµ˵뷨ֻһʼǰ׷˴ԼѾˣߵӦ׷ˡ
Ӽ·мбףֻǿʼһ²̼ԹϷ
פ㣬Ҫһ룬ǲǷӥ˾ˡ
Ӧǡ롣
ҲҪӦáҪ룬롣Ҫ϶ش𸴡ΣСӲù׬Ҳס
ǡڿռ˰죺һǡһϮġ
˼᣺ˣߣߣҪܡ
ǲǷӥ˾ҪЦÿһ֯Ȼжصϰߣӥ˾ҲСϰһʱãʱ߶ϰ߿ӹֹһΡ
޳ܵЦӥ˾עҪʧˡΪǲ֪İˡ
䣬һô˧
޳ܵһʧˣ춼޳ܡ

ĳһ߲̫Զĵطͼףأ
ͼ׷ɱȥɱ˼Ȼŷֱƣ۷ûټͱˡ
һߵжϣ߹Ȼ׷ٸظȻͶ˵۷Ǿǽʵײһͷ
ˣǷǵ٣ȥˡ׷ٸַá
׷ͼȣСһͲв
һȣˡǷ֣һ˵㼣׷ٸֶָŵһӡ㼣СӦһͲ꣬Ϊ̫ߡ
ͼ¶֮ɫȻΪ̫ߣǾûʲôֵӵġ
һ·׷ϣ׷ٸֵ鴫ۿҪ׷ͷͷ߼˵ĺۼתһ
תһȦ׷ٸַ鷳ˣˣˡԷƺӡߣȻ෴ķ½ӡˡ
һ㼣ϣһ㼣׷ٸͷ죬һģǲ̫׷
ͷ׷ͼЦһСϷסǡ
ǡʱҲȻԵã˹ϣӥ˾ְܷɣȻҪǷֲˣǾ̫ûȤˡ
ӥ˾ôţûһ˲ŶûСʵϣӷӥ˾ΪУӦáӥ˾ʵʵڵһץĳš
Ϊ˾һţ˵ϳ鱨֣ôҲҪȼͳɡ룬ȻҶҸʱշǴͨ硣

ڹӸߵΪ൱Źֵġ
һأȻһ򣬻߻౳ˣһеټ֮߾ͼһҺҾҪҵ̼ı飬һ·򱱡
ûߵپ򱱡
һʼӸ˿ʲô塣ĴΣƶǶˣԼƺ
ڹʲ󡣡Խһ£Ȩչ˿ͻˣĿҪǷֿ׷
ԥǼ׷ãֿ׷ǱֵĻ󡣡
һʱ򡣡ȻҾҪǷֿ׷ֿ׷ô©Ҫǵ塣ʲôä㣿
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ޣ˶֪Ȼ̾Ϣӥ˾ڸ˽˽첻棬öɹءֻҪϳۣġ
оһ˵˻Ǯӥ˾ҪϵǣǲӦðҼϷҲ
ʼ磬˹ӸһۣȻʻʲôΪҪжϷӥ˾ʵ
žǶ⻤ȻֳʵȫĳʵǶôĴݲСôƭˣҪǲѣöԲˡ
ʵҺҪڳһ޷ӣһ̲סġ߿Ƴ嶯̾˿Ҳǳһǻ塣
Ȼɫ䣬ѿڣ֪
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һΪûеĹӸ磬Ƕǻʵ۵ϵˡ
Ϊӻ߻Ʈҡǰ߾Ȼֻж֡ǳ˵ӸڻʼҵλĺܵͣǸʵ̫ˣʵ벻ʲô͡
һ𾪣Ϣ㣬㵽ʲôˣ
ߺȻ𣬱죡

أأǸң
ͼץѣһ·߹ʲ󣬷ֳ·׷١һͼľͲãʱҪˡ
ߣڱߡ׷ٸƶ
Ǿ򱱣Ҳ͸ȥͼŭ𣬹ϵһʵĺô˭˭Ҫ
һ·򱱣ûһĹ׷ٸľȻǰӴʯشߣȻмĸоһթĶһ·ȻĿĵġ
ʯشһѶѵĴʯͷеĺܴСɽصİţ÷⸴ӡ
һУ׷ٸֵĲУԽԽǿˡԼеƺ׷ģǶԷġǣΪʲô񰡣
׷ٸһּΪǿҵĸо־Ƥ£
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126 Զ
ӥ˾׷ٸû߼ǵƤ¡
ͼ˸ոһ·ȥܿ죬èһȻбȥ
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߼ֱͺһ׼ȷİնԷ·ߺʱǡôģӥ˾
üΣӸ綼öԷѾˣǣ˿ûɫ仯ô̹Ȼ߹ȥ
߹ȥʱ򣬶ԷȴѾתһʯˡ
־ܵʱգֱǼˡ
̼
ߵʵһЩĸоĴ̼񫡣
Ȼ룬˼ƽӣҶˣϷܲûһ취ȻǺá
һ취ǣֱһȥǱòһ£Ȼ·
Ǹо̼˹ˣӸͻƻѪɫˡԴֱһҪķӡ
Ҫ֪иõİ취ֻΪӲŸԴĻǶҪ˭ֵԴϷˣ
ÿһθӥ˾˲ӸƻֱӾǱϢʱֹͣ״̬һ亹·ʪˣšһû׼ȵġ
ӸۿһԲǰߣ󼸲ʧһʯ󡣹ʮ룬һӴʯ·
Ȼ߼ֶһ£һб·ұһᣬÿһʯʧĺɫ½ǡ
ľҵľǴ̼
ӸͻƻĿɿڴǣߵÿһóȻȻȴÿÿϢĸԷ
Ӹ棬֣ᷢߵľ׼ͺһֻʿֱֺĸԷżСҲܿڶԷǰֲ
һǶȣһ¸ʯͷɫһ߾˾ͺһʯɵԹתơ
ӥ˾·ͷ׷ÿһ·Ĺ⾰һɲǵķ϶߾ץסһ϶ϢĴš
һ˵󲻴ʯУҲ
һչϷ֪ߣҲ
׽ԲأͼѾˣٷļޣݺݵһŷ׷ٸ֣ô˵ģô˵ġ㺦һ춼ûˣ
ңҲҾͿ㣡׵ͼ˲
׷ٸֿɬˣѾҲˡеټԼŪŪûˡ
֪ԷΪʲôҪﶵȦˣΪǻԶеǵģһ㶼ʣ
ʯһӥ˾ȵøƵģҪ˭ҵǾͶ벻ˡ
ͼסŭЦ֪ûϣˣŭ壺ǮӲ׬ˣǻȥ
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ϸϸߺȻĵһЦɹˡ
ȻԵõŻһµĶˣġܿˡ
û´ƾһ·ĲãӦûΪ嵽·ͷ߿ĵЦĻʺϴ塣
㲻ǲ˵ƻЦ
ㆪ¡ЦУѿͻӥ˾֯мɵģضϰߡã֪һЩҲ
һֻʹй·֯һбȻİ³Ͳ裬ֻмĿӡȻķ˰һ׾;ô
ӥ˾ķͷһġֻһͼʾ
Ϸӥ˾ǱȽģ©Ȼ˾һ˶һǾȻżķ϶
ԣֻҪ׼ȷİÿһķ϶ʱȫУңڵĴ塣ڶԷƤ£ɴ塣
뿪ƻ뿪Σյ
һȡӥ˾бǻỳûߣԶšʼ磺㣬ҪҲߡǳ˽ģᵢ¡
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ȻǷ··ߡа֪һ·ϧԷ㹻ûᡣ
ƻ͹Ӹ綼ܿˣʼݹȥƻȵݸӸ磬ӸһڣȻϴ۾ֱˣ⻹ǹӸɡ
⹫Ӹϴɾ¶һµ߶ʱͷŮ
ƽƽƨɣ°ƵģûŮġһﵱһ൱ôˡ
ƻɫһ࣬Ӹʱߵİһۡ߻ȻŶԭǸ椶
ʱ۶꣬·֣ԭһСƨһֻС򣡾˵Ů˳ģǾ̫ˡ
һ߶꣬һôƯ¶֣ҪôǶԷ̫ײУҪôС̫ײУȻҲСƷ̫ˡ

ڶ죬߹Ͷ˷ֵ
ʯѸתһȦȻַӥ˾ĺۼ˼أǸɻʱˡ
ҪģǾ׳սӹװ
ڼרһЩһȺżһЩùߡȻץʬ壬ɶ
ƺƵİ˰սֱȥ
ǲ̽죬϶ԼǧӦһ˧ķѾǴһɡ
ӾͲţһλɲ˧
˰ɶ붼ѾսˡʾָӣҪɱȥ
Хһıһһ·ƾ˼ɱֻ顣
ɱ˰ں߱ʿһɹɳˮһǵصĸɱ
һǿϢʱһ˧𣺡ߣ
ûһֻĺעϢƴ˧ŭʱһĲȥСүһηҪɷһ˧
ĥ𣿲սԼǿһúá
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콣ޱȵĿ콣
Ȼ죡˧һ°ɣһѪХϣң
Զ
ҷߣһ׹䡣һδεı򵹣һδεù˧ĥ½
Ȼ߲ûһδα򵹣һδϵĹһĨ޿ʼҫˣ˳Ծٶȷٳ֣ȫһԾͷ
ʱ·ˣ


127 ֮ƺӣƲ
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𺳵ĺٲȻڣһΪ֮ɫ䡣
һĨ޵ĺ죬ѵİ˦ƵһԾȫͷ
ҫʺ죬һ·˿һĶʮʺзһĨɫ˲ǣɫͺһֱ˿ֹ
ϢĻƺӣ
һģŭǰ˿δһȴ֣˧𺳵ķȻ޷Ӧһû塣
һĹ򣬹˧иգʹŭ𣬾һͱ彣
˧ŭȴϡûг֣¶һЩ˵ĸӣ˵ĻţʱҪƵġ
˧߳ԾѣͷһۣʲôûСѵ˧ͻȻĳˣ˲ˮĺȶˡ
غȻ˵ǧ
ͻȻеһ˿ֵĸоȻһЩ֫壬ϵĶǾϵĶҪһеǾǶһ塣
޷ζޱȵ̹ÿһë׶ڻȸԾÿһϸԡ¡
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˧ֱֵ֣ķӦĶر֣ƺǡ
࣡
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߳ᣬᣬͷһ˿ƮƮݵسǰϲã࣡
࣬ҾȻˡ޴ĻУ˸߲ҵһ
߿ܵȫȼշڣ˧ҿôҴ򣡡
ߴ󺰣ûȻ
˧סȻЦСӣ࣬̾࣡߻оϣ
ɣ࣬׸磬㶯һòãߴľʹؿŹ˧Цɱһ̾Ҿ֪Ҿ֪


ûޣɣһҪʱⷢķʽʽ򵥵˵һڳıأҵԿ״š
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һᣬƽ

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һһЩ֮أɱһЩ»ҰǷܱս飬һܶ˶¡
ڣһЩǳ͢ƣһЩɺҿơˣϲɱ飬ȡս۵ˣ١
ս飬߳۽ɡҲɺҵһ̶Դ
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գмùһ»ҰİΧУŭ𣬻󺰣ҪɱȥκΣܲסҰûˡ
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ԶȻ𱣻֣ȥּս֣缢ƿʵļȡѪ
»Ұᵽսζʱɧ˷ܲѡЦУˢˢ콣ɱЩս鲻ǡ
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߿һʬ壺Բסλˣڹġ
Ϊ׬Դвٵķһȡս顣ÿڹߣһСĿ
ܰɶ󣬾ǿЩڹߵѪ

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һȻµĺûᡣһλȥһҪʱء
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ˣƣŴ˺ǹԱɡ
սתۿһ£񣺡ݼ
Ŀɿڴܻû㣡׼ң


128 ˮն˧
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İνأͻȻ߾ٱŭ𣺡

ˮǵصܼս
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ģūȥ
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ʵϸ¥˫¶ŷ֪߿Ǳƽɽ£ߡ޽ɽ

߻Ϣһ̣ԷǷٶȴĳһЩģĵ˵ĶСȻ첻ۣù
֪ȻΪһɺԵΪ̫ǿ󣬵ѾӰˡ
պ߳ؼңϻؼҡʱڰе۾½ϣ̵ӣ޵ݶˡЩ治ãΪʲôСʱ̶ôĸˡ
һûϴһɵĿһܰҲǷȴԵװ֮
һʲôںı飬ŸԵõиȥⲻ֪һںĶɫ֡
һֻССССҪãȴôҲòŰҲһ˵ĴͷȴΪŵĿꡭ
פ㣬Żĵ΢ЦһԾǰôӭҡҾ֪ô硣
³˵˿Цã÷Ƿ飬һӱڻʹ໵ǵͷǰǲ֪ҹǽһʲôӡ
аΧס³ǣ߼رסϵϵˡ
ϵ޴룬ȫӦͺһľͷƵģ֪Զӵ˺ĵ顣
Цеģ컳ӭѶģ椶ˡ
һǰߺȻӰȰת൱Ϲһѣƾǵĸ飬Ȼ񱦽һȽᡣȷá
ĵɫְֺף޺ް죬²ֻ֣һЩ˵ľģɴ಻Ҫˣ㶼ôжൣ㡣
ٵùظ졣³ĺܺ棬ظôĳ죡
ϼﲻ٣˵

ټ£һʱ
߸ɴĳ裬ǿһѶԡˮζúϴһŻһǳɫ·һɫ
ߴԽΪε£һд֣һ治ѧģǾǼ
㡣ǿɰĴع֪ëʱ֡
һĴعʵŮɡһ߲ʪĳһߵȥôãҶˡ߳⡣
أ
߷ģⴿִĿڻһӾˣҵ£ֱˡҾָ㡣
ǴңֻʮǰҪˡĺ޺޵һѣҪһŸл
߶ʲôͷšŲ׼
ߺһ£һЩͷˣˡҧߣоȻãһ׼׵Ļ
ɣκджҵ˵ֵģӦġ
ǶԵġ붼룬͵ͷȷѾܾġڶİ׳գøܺƹȥ
ôء֣һ£ˡ
ͭޱ⣺ŮˣҪû㣬治ǲǴӴҪͷɢĹˡƾһֱ죬Ҹ¶ˡ
֣ͺعһʹߵĸ˱ǩˡ
ӾӢѵ߳ȥϵô
ÿһ˶вٻҪ˵߹һ֣һ˵еʱ䡣

ǰĽû̫¡
ɱȡ鰸ǣò֪Ĳ̫ó˵ĳЩԵʣһֱûвʲôĶ
Ψһֵÿ϶ǣɱʵûǨŭҲû黧ԱһĴҲҰ޲һ
˲𣬻ıҵһºݵģʲôҵҪɿաȻʱ󶯻ѱ˲
ʵûΪҶʧȥִ磬ٹٰĲ١
һʱ䣬ǱȽƽġеϧΪڣûӾûȤˡ
Ψһ䶯ǵ£Ǿĵ¡һǰ׷׸ף¾ͺȻһӱúѿˣ˵Ԥϡ
ƻʵ۶еͷۣ˽¸ڸʹ۹˵߳硣
֮ԴһѷĸףֻΪһθۺǰ;һǿ룡
һͻˣδʮһǰ羳ζֻҪ⣬ʱڶʮǰž
ڶʮǰΪ֡
ͷˣɸ֣㰡㰡ŮǻˮءͲһԼΪ㿴ܸɵѵһ߱ˣ
ʵǿЦ࣬ϲ©֮ɳԼսԾ߱ɱʵȻΪǿЦ֣ʮ꣬ɱ£ǽ˰ɡ
룺ðɣң˵¶ˣǾͶˡ
ϺĲ֪ΪΣֻ֪һ꣬ȻһĹһ
һЩС¡³ǸôܣҪϰˡ㲻ڣǶøô졣
ûϵҡ߹ϡ
ķˡƤС˵
ûϵңߴ
һ·Ҫϴʽѧˡ
ûϵңȻڴӦ
ϺȻöתˣȴЦеǲţ
Ųţš߾һƭ˲˲˹


131 ŪԼĻ
һ糾ظϻûϰ࣬ûôŰϢ˼죬һɨƣ񣬷á
һٷڶſڣᣬȥȻ𾴣ˡ
ˣ
ˡϢܿ촫
һ·ÿһ޲ȻӦõģø˱˲Ҹɵ£ΪҲȡôԺ󣬾ǱȻġ
ʱ򣬺ȻȵϵѣȻһȴˣǻˡ
ȻһļһЩǵϵеĵϵȻҪӰһˣҴ˵ʲôʱҪһ
ͦߺĵ޲Ȼͦء⣺ŶԣǶˣҪ磬Ҫ衣
ռǵ룬ʧ£ͦٸҲûáûߣİ費粻
ôҶɢˣԼҷһѹģʱƣ˭ɵģҲڵʱѵû˴ˣ
̽ͷˣСǰ˰ˡ
ǱϵһҪһĻˡͷȻһţĻŲңãֳܽܳ
㿴һ¾ں͹ģ죬˰֮ģ̲ҪЭ참Ҫ֧Ԯ
ߵЧǺܸˣˣǻһŰƽȥһζ¥緹ŷԸѸģԼйص鱨ȫ
ǣˡǨΪ죬ͰߣͻҪ顣
ȾϤĵһüͷһΣŮ˰㻹Ƿǡ
ҪԺû⣬ǰƽŮߣԺһעҪһ
Ů߲ҪԴһǿŮߣעǷǲϣкܶ׷ߡʱͷͷҲԾС
Ů߾ͺһһڵ֧ƱһûתĻͷԶ֪ʲôͷû׼˼Ǻֵû׼˼ǽĶӡ
һλڵĶӣΪѹ󲻴׵˵Уôһλ
ǰ鷳ҪΪݣΪǱţֻҪеǵ˴嶼֪ϡ

ĺܼءˣһõݣ椶һǸɶרЩӬ
Ƶģģģκģڵģɵġ˸߲ҵع֣ƺһ£
ҿûи۳ֱӹϵģȻƻʵ۶޲ðǿ˼Ҵȥ
߰ȥڵĶϲһǾûᣬµġֻҪûԶŻӾ;ԲܴӦ
ȻκϣԲһߣûܡǻʵ۲ӦҳģȫᡣκǶеĵˣƱҲϣ
ƻҪһξԵսͱƶ֪ǾԲȥġ
κǾǳκ㣬ȴݻڴʹм䣬ǵ͵ͷˡ
κһ죬ΨһԱȻԿؽȡԣκǹһ첻ûһ죬ã൱Ľۺ
ϵȥһĻᡣֱӲʵۻ繴һ۵ɣ
ڶʹϣһȦҵĶ֣ҪǴͶǰߡ
ڲһЩߣҲôáһλǰ˸֮һҵĹӣҵˣҲǱƵ֮һ
°ͣȻЦòãŮˣһǷҵǷˡ
˵ŮȻûû
ôûףһΪ꣬збְλ塣Ȼһ椡ߴŭǷǱ
ڱ߿б˻ߵźⶼʲôˣȫˡ
ϲ˧ʱ򣬸ǵ˧̫СˡȸǴˣϲǮͷˣƫƫˡǮˣϲ彡ȫǿ׳ˣ
һ׷ϳƫƫһӾûϣֻϷظתˣǿվڸ߸ߵĳļ𣬼Ū
һ죬Ľʮ꣬߶׺߽͡ʮ꣬޽ࡣ

һĹ鱨߻ؼҵʱȴһ֮͡
Ĳ֮һĴأڸϵ̸չ³˺ƤСģ
һЦһЩɫЦȭˣóȻãϣ̫ð
ƺ˼ף鷿̸ɡһŹȻ٣λǷթ˵ȴһЩ˲ۡ
鷿ʵ٣طһЩԾû뵽˾ȻȺ飬һЩ鼮ڲ붼ǰ衣
ܶϢڹϢáһֱǵõģЦЦǺ棬Ϊδֲѡˣѡˡ
س¥Ⱦ֬ϢɫȭˣҪ˵귽ʮǳ͢ƷʵȨԱǰ;󡣡
Ҫ˵Ǿһ㡣ߵȻϣûҪǣϹ˵ǳΣգһֱǵòִС
ɫ£˶٣б±ӣ̸ָʹΪϣʮڱȻΪָʹ
Цˣ˵˵Ϊʲôһһָʹ̫ǳʮǶȻϵġ
߳ΪõָʹŴȻǱδָʹࡣһɣÿ˶Ϊεˣ֮ǰ̸֮м仹һָʹ
˵ף̫ǳ̫СˡʮҲֻжʮ꣬ʮָʹȻһֱɵʮݣǾ̫ĵˣص˵ʣˣõָʹǷҪǱµ˼ҪǾҪҪһΡ
߲ÿɷ񣬴΢ЦţᣬʵҶԴгֵģǷǵãǰ֮ص˽˹ڴ˵Ĵš
˻Ĵ˵ĹֻΪǻغȻЦˣң˶Դܺáƾһ㣬ͱЩ˵ĹԱҪ߱ù
˼ЩһˡȻʲôŵ㣬ΪʲôҪѡ㣿
سţΪ˳⣬Ҳʵ¡
ҡҡͷȻš߼ҡͷصȷһ㣬һʵ£һѪ˵ǰе
ŶԴνĲӵ̬ԼвŸɵˣҪǴˣǾͰϹһ˫ۡ
΢Цվ˵ˡҵĻš
һαĹԣƾ޿޵ı֣һĻŲ¡ߵĵһĻš
㵽жţߺȻϷʣԼ֪ҵ⡣
˵˵ĵ£Ҫô
ؽƻһЦǾͿʲôˣȻǹĻţ˲Ҳա


132 Ǹ˵Ѫ
˻ˣͺ¶һ
ӶڶӰȻȻͷĿʺơ
ʺǷϣǲжϣʹˣҪ빩ֱδָʹ࣬ûгƶȨʺʵûҪ߶Ÿɡ
߲ڵӣָ̬Ǽ̲ҪطԼʱ֧Ԯš
Ұ´ڻʵ׷ڸƽϢλѡˣʵ۵һʹҴҽһ粨
ΨһĿǣɱʵְܣõ鰸ӡһֱûϱʵ۴ŭúϲ鰸
ǶְȨʵȴֱҪ崦顣ò鰸崦Ҳ崦ʵϳ
µĿߣ߳¾͹ȥˡٸɻóͣõ£һϰ岻ζڻ룬ߣﻹҪӰĶơ
һ㣬߸ʺƵվһġİû׼Ҫͱ¦ӣȻܶͶ㡣
Ϊ͢Чʵһ൱߸ְҵĻᣬǵĹ
Ľǣݹһص㣬ǾǼڶ࣬ʱ̡
ΪһְԱƷ佫Ĵÿ̶ڸߴһϡ⻹Ʒÿʮ쵽µɼڡ
ǳ͢ΪڣְԱżһΣȻɼȥĥ
͢ĹԱʱʱҲ˵СʱĻƶȣѲٹԱӷصĹнѳÿϰ͸Ƶġ
һȽϣȸʲôûõְҵĺ󣬵ϻõְҵ
ϰ࣬ߴӷعѣһʱȻе¡
̧ͷһԺߣȻЦϷһѣϷŪһ£ıݺݴһ¡
ĻţؿЦλҪңҲûܸôôпյ˼·
ҵĿ꣬Ϳλ죡
شףĬĬȭ¶һĨ䣡

꣡
ҧڴĻƹϣܣ治벻ô磬ȻҲܷչֲ߲ˡ
ж߲ˣȻƷֲ࣬ʵ̫ѹ߲̫ŰθĴ
һ磬༼ǹϵĲټƩҩеģƩֲеģƩֻ࣬ûռҲӡ
һЩҲˣһĺһЩʵҲˣҲ붬Եʵġ󣬾һصļ
Ʃһֱܺ棬ƾߵĴô˵ġǣˮСܸߣϴַŵһũҵǾⲻˡ
Ҳ鱨з֣Ȼ籱ƣÿ겻ٵطҪ֡κųƸ㣬ȴʹһ궼вټġ
һģѾĴȻҰģǲŽбܴǰԤϣ̣ܰȷıԶǡ
սһ޷ˡҡͷȻһ仰༸ǧΨһûֹͣģǾս
ȹĳ£Ǽ÷չתӷչһϵְҵĵ⡣
û̫Զһʱ·ˣ㲻ָԱְжٹ滮ƦӸ룬ôŪһ⣬ףԼʹعա
꣬ߵ³˵˶һƬҧһڻƹϣϵһ
ã߹ٸáֶ߲ȹӦԱ̸˽ģ߹ǻʵ۽̸ָġ
ҡͷʼ磺ϵģ椶ҵģ˭ߡֻǲ̫ϵΪʲôҪҶ¡
߻ᣬΪһͷŹ⻷ǡʮٳףġ
ʵϣ׵˼Ҳֻһ˶ϡϵԼ֪ĳЩţҴŵע⡣ߵע򵥡
ϿЦĬȻΣȻ͵ңǽ˵˼˵̸Ҳͬ⡣
ڣԭǻʵ۵ⰲţǻʵĵĵƣ߻Ȼ
һЩлܿһӵ³˼ˣæһЩҪƸ֮ģϤС
˺Ǳ߸вˣһܲĳȹŮ磬а۵˵˵һ㶼ܵ¶޻Ƶġ
գգۣûᣬգգ̲סεķۣǡɴ
ߺְᰵҴˣҪعһŭȼյյࡣ
һһЩ̬֮ʵŵŮӣ΢ЦټҼҷȻλˣλеȺһᣬȥУ
һˬЦһӵǸãǲȥУ֣
󶼶Լǡ޵
΢ЦǾͷ·
ǹ󶼶ƽԭ߾ָӹ٣߶һᣬûжپʣΪ˵ԵñȽ
󶼶ףһ൱ĳءߺȻеѹС

ʹ
ʵޱ飬ݺݵĽһ̨ˤԴϣ˵Ҫ׿˵
̨û˺ֻǱѿĳĬһЩϵľǿ
˵Ҫ׿˵ʵ۴ŭ
޻˵̧ͷȻͷԸܷ
ʵŭЦԸܷǺã޸㣬ŮҪ߶ף޵˼ޣ
ңĬȻ
ң㵨ӴúܡʵһЩŭЩ꣬ϳٹʱãǽȥ죬ޱһָʹȴȨȻƭޡ
ʢŭĺԵûʵۺòŭùһʱһ
Ϊ֪ͬȹ֮٣᲻֪ȻȴһӶ֮£һֱٲ۱ѵҪģ
Ȼߺĵ綨£Ǿһơ˭û˵
Ц̧ͷ̹Ȼ£ȷСŮ޸ߣߣҲϲߣԸСŮһѡ
Ψ£ԲӦ
ʵۺȻһ٣ϣβΪǺӵ
ǵģΪǸ˵ѪɬѵһЦԲϣŮߵĺǸ˵Ѫ
ʮǰҲΪǸˣ˺򣬲ųǼ¡ʵȻ벻ֳˡ
һܺõɣʵ۶޷ɡ
̹Ȼ£Ĵǣ֮꣬Լ
ʵһЩⲻʧΪһ취Ǿꡣһֵޱȥ˳㿴ǺӣȻˣ޾Ͳȥ鷳ˡ
µʱ򣬻ʵۺȻסһ˾˵㣬ߵĸףʵǸˣ᲻׮£
ãûи𸴣ʣ£ȡˡ
ߵٶ֮죬¸˻ΪµĹѪĹϵȻҲܽΪšʮǰǼ£ѵǻȫˣ
ǻʮǰȫϹ˹ۡ


133 
³һٷ磬һƱֱջáһֱԺ¥ǿš
һ˰µԺ䣬һ³˵˴룬߶ʱԾΪʵĸ֣ǳ⣺ʲôˣȻ񣡡
³ɭɭһЦʲôˣǺ֪ܿˡ򹩷Щ
ȻеĹڶĹҲ練Ƶ¡ʱ򹩷ȻԾǰ
⼸أԴŭѣõģ֪֪ʲôˡҼҹ֮ӣ
֪˭ҷҿǵԴˣ³Ц
⼸˾ŭȴܲס򹩷бȻǲʱͰ˸ˡ
³վ⼸ǰٽĪҪΪϢطѪùáǿʮٶһԴġ
Ѫ⼸˵һסʱˣʱףûз߸ǵģ
³ЦˣûߣΣѵھ͸ҸΪУǱΪУҲ
֪Ϊʲô𣿡³ҲںŶ˵ΪעҼɩӣ˭˭Ҫ
⼸˴³ɭҹӡ

һУʱ˵üͷһ塣
˵ʵۻԹ
ʵûһԼʾĵĻ볯͢ɣҵļ¡ȻΥ˱Ƴ͢ϵһ̬ȣʮѰζ
˼ûбƳ֧֣͢ѵҪһ˶ߣѹ̫ˣգգۿĵЦˣ͵ϵֳˡ
û´һιƻȽϡɡûɡ
ϵûЦЦĿУΧѲһĹԱԼȨ󣬻һЩ·ˣ̫˼ˣҶûˣȻڵҡ
֪У˭ܽġ
ʮ󣬾ǻʵԳѲˡۣ˵һЩƱҪڳѲǰ߽
ģģκģģƵӣԼ󶼶ҵĹӡ⣬һλڵĶӣԹĴɡ
ûԳ֣ԣһδֵģһλΪ֮һļһҲΨһҵˡ
߶еͷһд֡һģһ䣬ľ൱˲ձ֡
ȻվĳΪСŮˣǷͨīҲ̫ҪΪǸɴֻд㹻ˡ
ڶ߶ʱȻĿϤϣ
Ҹʲôäͷû취˾ĳͣ˫ȫ˳ߣôȣһ㣬ǿ
һֱûʫµԵʡ
ȻȡһһЩѰζˡ
ԴȹʹߣɫȻһӱѿΪǵߵУȻѧʿһ仰ֱųˡ
ˣǲ̫׵ɡŵ˲á
ôŻв粻ףСŮĻ£˵㡣˴ûдСˣݸߵֻͣиס
ƨݸߵͣ׵ĺȥôֻ⼸˷ۡ˼ˡ
û߻ͷ
ƤСĵͷһЩβס˷ܣ
дؼ򵥣ʤ߹ءһأСŮд衣һ٣Ŀⶨĳߣһ

ߣȻ
ŵüһƾǣߺĵĶϢˡѵ˵ˣ
һսУ˭ٶȣ¡
ڵĶһɳУ֮ɫȻûҵ͹ǰλߡ
ۣȻЦŤͷ㻹ȿһ
³һУĳ߱Ѻţ³ȡһѹͷ󵶣ƱȻһ
λͷС˶ʱɫ䣺㣡ң׵ڣСôң
һЦ̧֣տ֣һˣӦ֪㲻ɹҸһᣡ
տĪĿãȻǿЦҲϵܣ䣡
һЦȻһơ³иʾ⽫˷ŵ⼸˺һݻտĪ͵˵ˣұʷᣬʧ޷
տĪתߣҼˡߡ
̫޳ˣ߲δȻ߼ɫ֪࣬ȻëȻֻǷŭ
һԹսĹԱȨȻıߵ𺳵ĿɿڴҸ޳һ𣿸һҪҲҪ˹󰡣
ߣֻᰵжֽŵ󱲣
߳ɣһӰڳȻһ߻Ҫ˧꣬Ӣίʵ¥ڵģҾͲҶЩֶΡ
ʲôֶΣãȻ
ЦǱţʧˣһ
ЦУ׵Ķ֮һһָ˦ƤСĲˬŭһۣ¥ڵɵǰ
ȻƤСȡֽɵĳ
ɵĳԾֽʱͷ¥ڵĳȣش˳
ǺǣҲȻΪⲻʱǸ¥һ㣬Ҳɴ˳ˡһɵĳҲЦ
ʱȫȻɲǱƵģǧΪ˳ؼɾֽֽʲôô˳ģ
ʱЦУ˭ҪҴ򣿡

ĳһط
սҡԴһǡ
ʽޱ̧ͷϱһҡ¶һĨɫΧ
ȻһӦŵɢһиΧһֱСĵƹ񣬴ǰһϣʱžѡ
ġܺ
ҡӣ켸֣¶ɫѲصйϸͳͳ¡飡
ƹʱòҰףλүǴôѲؼϸ
չգûѲأ˵㡣
ƹɬκҵУһ֪þԲ᲻֪Ǿǵ͵ûҲˡ
ܵѣһ仰֤һƥһ붼ұƣ
סõˣκȻеĻţǾȥ棬ҪƷˡ
ƹȻٲǾ͵ˣȻ֮࣬˸ȥУ

һ˴ҴУκŵ˶ߵ˵˼䡣
κ̾ͳĬˣ˳Ʋһţ˵ˣµġûָɹһ˿ϣûСڻʧһԴǰߣ⵱ʲôǡ
˳
κǰҴµһ仰
˵ǲ½˱˳֮󣬺̫ܿΡһҲ˳ʹҴȥˡ
һֻʣ·ߣߣǱˡ
ӷһ˿Цߵһͷߣнթ֮Ȼ鴫
ҵҪʲôֶҡ
ɫأ˵öԣʣµ˶ǿֶܱߵˡ
ʱԾһʱƽǱǰһ˳ޱߵѹ֡
мһʿŭУ籼һ۶
ս֣ٱǰʿɫ׷µأˣ


134 ֮
ˣм
ʿڴڴϢ߻˵
ˣøִˡ죬ųģһ崦ڻִˣңǣǡ
Ǳ崦崦ȥˡҸʱ򣬱ŵ˶ˣмˡ
ñһöذը˵Դϣը˶ת
һ磬һʱȻɫ䣺ʲôִˣô˲μˣ
üҿºбҪӳȥˡ
ҪȥȻǼҵһͷսı۽սûͣϱߵռһڿֻʵˣִˡ
˵Ҫġ粻֪ʱһ
ռƽһٵԼڹĶֵѾҪѹȥˡȻٲȥֻ֣Ƕ˶ȥμӴ򶷡
ԼڹĶߺȻ̸˺ͽϳأ
ʹ̸ȥ˻ʹռЦ˵Ҳȥ˻ʹ
ЦʲôҲǸÿЦһϵǱãõģϵҲǱõġϵŹ죬ҪȺܶøðһߣ
һ룬һҪڡȻսڣֱӳУ˦һʢ֪ͬЭͬ죬ǰԮֵܣ
ͷ֮ŭŭȵʢʲô
ȣҶʢ֪ͬ񣡡
һδ䣬žһ±һҷס㣬˭ŵ֧Ԯ
žһ´˵ĸ첲ƺ߼ŵʢ֪ͬģ
ʢܣһȺܾȻңسһģȺܡۣתкƤСģߡ
ȵҡļæϹ
ŮǶˣһ׾޷ȥˡ籧ȭǸ䣬תˡֻǣü˵ĹŹ֡

Ƥ֪ʱУ跨Ȱסһ
ƤСĴҴȥüڸ˭
ʢûôôԻǰ̵ָ֪ͬɣȻȺܴ򵽼ټǧ˲μӽȥǾָʹҪӡ
ǻ֪жټùĶ
߷һĨЦ⣬һֱڵȴ¡ӵͻȻɱ֪һ¡
һֵǧӵʣһֵǧʡʵҪڸǣνĶҲҪڸǣԱҲڸǡŻû⣿㻹Žͨء
û뵽ǰ磬ΪܿЩ¡űЦЦܲǾ͸ɴ
ʵҪѲˡ
ֳˡ
һֱڳĬš
֪һӱŰйļһúϰ󰸣ǼֱøɼܡߺȻһһƹȰЦ⣺ٻ˵²һġ
һ·ҴҸȥڴܵȶŲܿͰİ
߶˵ֱȥһ·ʱ򣬿һĻĻ𾪲ѡ
׺ݵĻսһ𣬻⣬ٲȻѾΪһҵСսÿһ˶ڷŭͬ顣
ǵжԵģƽػƿڴԷǳСʵ߶ϿɶԷԼˣûԼˡ
вӵܣãߡòӵܣҲ˱ãͬԬԨûжԣӶԷΪԼ˵ì̬
ڱƣûǱãǹյĴڡֻڶԷҵͬͬŵĸо
Ȼǻһ֣ͲֻͷѪʬҰˡΪ˴˵ĹϵõĳԱѺ¶֡
߹Ϻû֮ǰ˭˭ǳ͵¡
ǣȻӦŵ
һۿ߻ζȻȻĵһ𣺡ã
򹩷Ǹһ߼Ⱥɱ뻧

һ֮͢һһӴĲţռȻܴ
ݵҽͷöһҪӰѡ߾סһԱ˱λã򹩷ҵȹ£ٸȥ
κβ̫ĵΣڲһ·ˡ˼Ȧߴŭ´סһԱѺŶԷ·
ۿҪִʱתһ¥Ȼһ͵ĽͻϮ
Сģ򹩷ǰһܣɲͻϮ֣һ֣
ˣ̫ˣжټùأŭĶˣ½˷ԾʱҺ޼Ӱ಻ӹʣ
Ϊ׵ߣǲΪǡ
򹩷˰п࣬죬˰ɣǶ
һЦͦض͵һܣֱǼˣһ߷ŭ𣺡Ӫ
ӪʲôšһʱסˣһۿҪ̴ߣȻһӰһֻƣƤֵָڱϡ
һƳĴ죬֮յĴŲŭĿɴˣ
ûɱ֣̫ͬ¶һĨΣûˣһ˼ұϳ̣һߴ󺰾
˴һӪǿߣߣ
ץסЦָһ˦̫εĹȰһץסΪ׵ˣ
Ц߹ȥ첲ȭûͷûԵ˵ϣҽװҽװΪףҾͲʶǱõˡ
۵׷𾪣
ĸĸЦ޺޵ص˵ָָ̫࣬⼸õˣһȺֻỵµİ׳գһĽϳһȺһĴ
߱ʹ쳤̾һĵˣֻһĶѣ
ߣʲô˼ĪҪˣҲǱӵܡŭ⣡
ʲô˼ʲô˼ûС
ҴˣʣҿûȥãȻͱͬͬˡڽϳ쵼£ʣ̣Ǿѹûˡ
ϳѵ޼ȻѽͣΪʲôʱ䣬һҲֲɵ£
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ҪĶǱתˣǱת˶ǲ֪
ҪشĿֱֱؿߵ߻һˣǻشˡţ䣬ţ
ӻԶһɹɺ̣ߺݺݰѽڵϡܵıãܵ㣬ȻƤ¶ֽţ
߻ָԣرߣ

ҳһŵʱ򣬻ʹڷһε̸
һԻʵΪ׵ıɣһԻΪ׵Ļɡ
ʵۣһЩ£ˡʼ֮һƽ˵һɵ£ĺӣͲûģһʱ
Ȿһ󣬶Ҫĵ
̸磬ϳָʹ˼ѩزʵ۲סĿԣȳ΢ʺѪڽ󣿻壬ҶԲסǣǶԲסңԲס
˵ףһʼ֮ˣǼ£ǾȻ˵ʵЦ壬ʮǰҲôǰҪɱ
գҪ˾˵ɱΨһѪ𣡡


135 һҸǧ
꣬Ծġ
ڵĻȻԼе졣
ƨ
ǿƣôڲԾߵʱСһ۶ûҵĿ˵ʵޱȼ
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ʵЦѣ壬Ώ֣ΪҾ˿û׼ֻҪһ£ǽһ߲ڡ
Ώ࿴һۣҡͷȻ൱ĵ棬һ죬ٻĴӪΪǾͲ֪
̸۲һŶָʹˣ
ʵΪĲɱǣΪӪɱǡ
῵ĿЩʵѾͷˡ
Ȼʵ۸ҶԻʼ֣ǾͲصȵˡʵۺͻҵìܣʼڲ⡣һɱ䣬һ̷ֱʵ۽ʧȥͳλ
ǻʵۿȴòߵĹؼ
ȫûѻʵ۵вʵۣǸ˵ѪһҪ
ʵԣҪɱߣǾɱң
ҲΪʲôһҪῷѽʵ۵̬˵ļᶨҪ֪һҸǧңһߣƵͼҵ˳С
ʵ侲ĬΣǾ˵ͨˣһҪɱģҲһҪġ
˵һֱʮǰ¹ڻȴΪһֱûǣˣҪҡ
⣬˵ͨġһҪѪңǡ
ʵһ˫۾ΰΰҪ֪㵽װһߣ
ûлشʵۣĻᡣסǣһһܡΪʱ򣬻л᣿
˾ȨֱָʹرָʹӪͳ죬Լһ־һҺѫӵɵľӡ
ҾȻ̫ɿرȻҲǿȥɵֻرɢһĵطرñֵ֧ĵطر
õľӣԼӰ˸ֻɵ־ǿģĴӪ
סؼȺסȻһӪǾĸ
ʵۣߵڴܣԽԽˡ
嵭ʢˣѾǻʼȥ˶סգͽʵ۵Ŀǻʼʲô¡
ʵ̸޲ɫ䣡
赭дסָʹˣٴһͱӦѾˣܿͻûֹñضԪ
ҵҪצһԪʲôʵ۵Ȼʧɫ
ʵۣڻʱء
תȥɫǳǳ߾Ǵ췭ظһж޹ء

һ̣طȼˡ
һ£򹩷ÿһȥһ㣬һ顭һĴʱ䡣
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ԼĲ鿴һ£һȥһΣȼһһС¥ȼ
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ǰĿǰղŰԱϳսսͣǻһ㶼һһСÿһĿ
֧ĿһӴĵȺҪһֱǻ൱˷ÿŶһʱ޺һ
ҡҡͷһˮǱʵۺõһڣ׽ˡ
һʱεͷֵǧʺӣô׵ʧˡ
ǧʲôһ֧ӾԲڻ¡ȻмֵǧʺӣΪ֣
°ͣһ˼һճȥ
һ·ȥһ·ϵЦԽԽǿңԽԽǳЦ
һЩڻǰ಻סˡ߹Цһ¾ͺˣһ¾ˡ
ӣߺȻڴС

ʱҪˡû˹ǵ
߳ǧ˵ôսڳͻȻ൱Ź֡
ʢأأץסһʣû˵ϢԽĸоŹˣͺһֻСңء
ûʵҪǽǵ֤ݣѾˡʱ̸ͽϳӦսˡ
һֱڣû̸磬ûнϳüĴ֪ͬûһģʲô˼˶࣬һѣŭѡ
룬ߺȻɫһ䣬ҡ
ĺ¡𶯣ԼӴزԽԽңһӽֵĵƽһԾԴԴϵӽֵһ˳֣
ʱиʲôߵһͷԺ̻Ĳͷһۣսһ
Щͬ۰Ŀɱ
Һ߲񱼣Хڣȫ󣡡
һͼߣ
˵꣬ǰӭ
һŻٶȣһ˵λ컹ûɥʧǣ
һǰ߷ƮȻ˫ȭһͷһпɽȭ¡һ£ƥŻٶȵսǿзŵǵ˵
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һͣʿӺ߿ٱǰΪ׵һװ磺죿Ϊǵȥ·
죬㻹ǰһɡ̾ܶҪӣʿͷһѺĸ
ˣǷ
߷ۣһ˿죬˼СʱֻǴܣȻǼ룬ǾҪˡ
ĳִԵɡ쵭һ֣׷ǰ
ߴŭΪǳǹܴӰаǾͲʡҪȥȴϿ
ϱӶǳǹܣ߹»ضУɭȻ˭ҳߣͷŵ˭
ʽġ
һҪס񣬺Ȼ̫Źˣ˵ĹŹ֣һڰи
ʽͷǹ֣ǰҲܣٴô󣬲ҳӡ
˵ӣһɣ
ͣһ˵һ׼о𶯣ߺ޲һ¡
汻һѽʵġ䣬̫ͻȻˡһҲԣ˼Ҫɷɻ£ûɻ֪ͨ㡣
ðɣǾ͸һƱģ
ߵĿ峺ȪʾͱʣȻҵ֣ǾҪֵ·ˡ
ûҪ·ϵҳԶ˳ţû·棿Ц
Ǿ͸һģ䶯ģһ棡
쫷һˣ


136 ѹ
̤սһĽ࣬쫷һȻһĺơ
һԾߵ󺰣Ůˣ
ţսȻ߾⣬ô˲갡Ȼһսһ߷顣
ڣһƮȻ֣
һȣܣΣסҸ𣡡
̲סæгٻͷǿˣһǿꡣˣŮˣܡǺȻе㲻̫ˡ
ģһ·ڻսдһ·һߵ·ڣһ
·ںȻ̤أһڣǹ˷ë⺷Ϣ
ۿҪ·ڣȻߺһ֣â磬˳Ʊȥͣ
һȵȻסսһ֣͵ı뻮һϤסս˼˶Уֱ𺳣һȣС
һԾڸߴȣߣ·ͨ˭죬
һ·÷ƽüߣһԾϰգۣߣĪҪˣҲǱӵܡ
תһ˻ӻȡһҡ󺰣ֹͣǰ
ƮȻսϣ÷ƽ΢΢һ̣֣΢΢ѹǱ뻮һϤĶ𺳵
Ŀͼıңҡ̸˺ͽ¶Ѻ˵Ҳ˿Ѻʱϱ
ºͻ֮䡭ΪһԱ᲻֪мʱ÷ƽһһʱˣһۿġ
֪ĲαǰסԷߣһʱɫĿͷ𾪣סղ䡣
һۣȫŵصͷҵ
¶ʱɧѣѵģң
ǱӵܳҪΪŮǱõĽ޲ػرá֮ԼлʵţĳЩҵжԣûжҼٴ
ߵĻ˰˳ɡ
÷ƽɫأȻ̧ͷʵû
ЦЦѻαʢӸ÷ƽ㿴㣬һʱûмõκһ֪ͬ˳ֹ
÷ƽĥᣬ˰˳ɵȻãʱƣҪ
߽סüͷȣֹһȺܡ
ͻȻ֮䣬һҽ˺գ
Ȼͷɫ䣡ݻսеɫ䣬ɫء
һŵ͵ؿǰѪеıһӻָѣ֪룺ҡ

ݵ
ŭ𣺡ߣʱҽơڣºͽָʹı߿ѺסǸҲҸȥһƱģ
ʿ붼룬ȻӦŵң
áǱڸߴĶʿҪôҪô˵ľ͸
ȻŭգϤ⼫ˣ⺷ľӰҪǸֵֹܵɱ
һȣĺ÷ƽѸں߽ıڵس·ڡ
άͲӶףοһءҪܸǹܾͺˣ֤꣬һǧǹܲܺɨء
߹ϷһХ壺˶ס֣
ʮȻгߣǾΪıߣɭȻתͷǾͣ͵ظɱ
ҽǣʲôǸҷֹֿ
Ůˣڻսд󺰣ĿһۣæȥʣҪʲôķˣ
ȻôͣΪʲôһֱû˳ֹ°ͣȻչһЦɭȻޱȣȰźð¡
һŲԾһԼļ˽򹩷ĴȥֹˣڳĹټһ
һ·ܵϱߵ·ڣߴһ죬߳ɭȻ֣
Ůˣȥ㶨
δ䣬̫ӰƮȻ֣ͻȻϮһ죬ı
ΪҿЦƭȡֵ
񡣡̫Ͽҵһ֣һƹ

һᣬڱǿ£սֹֻ˼ˡ
ټڻһȥ񣬱ٱһǧİߺʵǿʱơ
߰Ѵµ˵˵һڴ̬£ûˡ
Ƿң÷ƽԳϣҾƣֻܽˣڶϿɺУ첻УҲδС
ס°Ͱᣬһ´һܣһס·Һ̸˵׿ں̤벽
Уܵˣõ˴ȥ˵˭̤벽Ǿ͵ͬıɱۣ
תռٻãӶˣرָʹָʹ٣ԼرĴŶ򡣡
⣬³ˣҲãһ鹩ҵǰǲʹפء
ɭȻ沢ӥ˾κ򣬽쾩ǻд磬˭ҺǾ˰
˿֪ᾩѲ֡Ϸ˻ˮҡ
ٻãһȹҾĶ򡣼ʱر
̴꣬õ˷ûҺ̸
һָѸٵĴݳȥټѸٶһʱȻԵþ˿ҡ
˺ܿӦ书׵¼ܱһһɵĽȥ÷ƽɰпѹöϣѹðߵָʹࡣ
Ȼȫ÷ƽЦ
ȫûִĲı͸˾Ӧʩʼ磺вٶΪõ̫٣ûҲûȨ
Ʃ磬Ҳ֪ԺϷȹսͻϮͺñ´ӵһ½䱸ͷġȫǽϵ£ο
÷ƽʱסüѵΪ˼ͶȫϵƵ㱱ҰĲѵͲ˼ҳ롣
жңưкƽЭ飬ࡣֻҪҷһûᱱǳɵġ
÷ƽԥ᣺ˣҷʲôʱȥƽѣ
գգۣųϲɫʵЦݣٸһӣȥʹƽѡ÷ƽһ죡
߰ɡû˵ֻĵĺŸȻֱһ
÷ƽæϱȥʲôط
ͷȥáҵϵȻ󣡡
Ȼ׬Ǯ꣬Ҫսˣʯ̫Ǯˡ
÷ƽȻһֲԤУ൱൱ŷԤСλСү԰裬ԼթּΪġ


137 ͳã˭
İıƣİıá֪жٱ׳£¼ڱоɵĽ
ƼڴԺڡһ˽Ŀõļţɫضǡ
ƼߵģȻǱüŵĴͷĿࡣȻʱһ϶פڱ֮⡣
Ϊ׵֣죬ΧδҺͽ׿ɣ룬Ϊ档
÷ƽӱֲһĸռغܴıðΧ
ûȻŭ֮ʱڣȻȣºָʹѺڶ
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°ͳᣬֱϵϹȥʱһһĻȻصƣϵô£
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ǰڸȺ׵ıóԱ˵һ¡ϴϢɣÿͳԮȺȥˡ
ЦˣϵĻף֮а˳˳Ŀꡣ
һᣬڶи߼Ա˵ȥһʱޱ𾪡Ȼܶ˲ߣҲܶ˶Ϊǻʵ۳ѲŻᱬ
÷ƽ̹ȻֱԣΪƽңʱƽҺͱʱ߽ơҲ룡
Ϊʲôֻһ졣ôʲôһ֪ʱ򣬻̲ס
ΪʲôΪʲôҡһΣڼǰܽƣҲеã𣬲ңʲô˷
ķֻϤĬ
÷ƽ̾Ϣֻʱá
ĬȻݶأǱӵܣȴΪ£˲٣ûְ໡һƷְߣҲ죬ߡ
һ֧֣Ϊδ⻹ͷˣлʵ̸ۣ硣ϳĻʵۣ֪
߻ŵĹ⻷ºü󰸵Ϊδָʹƾϴҵˡ
ȻֻʱƱãǵȻصġǣȻҪãǾֻһ߶ܽܵˣϿɵˡ
һĶУۣϱõĺۼ̫ˡ
ΨһһʱվãҲܱϿɵˣߣǱѡʱͳ˧˭
Ҳʲô˽뷨
ߵǰұҪáⲻһ٣Ҳ˵һ㣬˭ҪǷǾ棬һ͵ظɱ
ǶʱȻλǺǵүˡȻҷһ죬߻治
ûȺ죬ХóԱע⣺ߣºָʹգ¹ش󣬱úýʱҽƣ
ڣҪùɺҵĹ

Ϊеģڻܣϱǵʱ򣬰վͲղԣܶ඼ؼйرշţ̬չ
һȺȻĳ֣Ǽֲ
ǰߵ죬Ǵߣаϳٷ
һȺùٷ˲ڳп񱼣Ϊ׵ĺȻߡ
ãáһһϣ򾩳ͷ߷˲ʱƽãȻȻá
öĬݹ߽ƣοãһͷȴһЩˡʱкʺԼ֪ݻΪ߿·ҲϿɡ
߸ãҪõʱ򣬹춼ʾ˲⣬һλȷЦһ죬ƾʲôãƾ̸˵
̸㣬㵱Ϊ̸˵˽ˣһλߴЦ
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һСýˡǰǰİţֻҪ뿪ƣһᱻ¡գգۣŴ㵣Ȼɷŭ롣
Це˵ԣֻҪӽһļˡ

ŭѹŭ𣺡ʲôӣ
ҡҡͷ飬ܿҪĶɱˣαװʲôû㣬ӻ˰ǧҾԲٶһ㡣
ӣļǾƴߵġңһóʮ֮һǣǰȫ뿪
չһЦѵ㻹ףҽ֪ȻǰΪӡ
ãȻѪɫƤӶ£ıÿˣǱӦڱ߾⼸žҪ뿪ˡӦҵģӦҵģ
ƵڸɲϣǵգҪˣҪӣ飬㵱Ϊҵո⣬û㣿
ãҸ㡣ȻһʮƵģһɣԼҵһ˵İȫ
һһϸˮĴӻٳģӣʣһ;
Ȼ󣬱˽ӣĳ˵Ҳ٣дԼʮӡҲǴԼӡ
Ѳؽӵĵط˵ˣŭߵʱ
գգۣȻЦˣƭģûнļˡ滰
ֲɱ˿ֻ˼ļˡĿҲֻ뿴ܲڳضӣҲֻǰһ룬һ̽
û뵽ȻһӡߺȻЦǷˣ
۵Բ죬һѪ㣬㡭ûбˣϴһͣȻƭȥˡ
ͷȻ䣺ˣҸ˵֮ǰû֡ʵǣˣֻͨĶ
ѪȻһδαһŪڹ֮䣡
թСƭӣǸ˵İΨһӵеĶˡһûιȥ
ƭ͢ƭ㣬ߺٺֱЦû뵽һ¾ȻͷһƱȻоϲء
ͷû˰ɣ

ڲݴϣ͵ʱһǱĻӰƿն
ڵϣһۣȣȻûߡ
ҵߣ߳վɽЦˣǰ׳գĪҪѱ˵ɰ׳աߵĸֱˣл˵ƨͷš
۵ڲס֮ɫΣߣȻթˡ㣬ڶ鵽ˣ˭֪
а޲ѣ뵱ձթƭ׻ϻ
ͷ밡֪ǵĶǱҪӦʮʮǰˣʹԼʮ¡ǾһĹ١
ٷ棬Ҳ굱УûкȻʧĳ͢Ż١ǹңǾͼˡ
΢ЦһĨ峺ҫңݺѫĶǰݡ
Ķܸܿ˹ᡣ
мĬ𺳾ף粻ס졣һײаëȻ
ͱˣֻһˡģһ亹ʪȫҪɱǰ⣬Ȼʶˡ
ȻٸСһһЩʱ䡣˵ĻѶݲзڲһֱضܣȻһ˵󲿷֡
кȻ׶ĲˣС̫թˣһ첻ܶ˶˯ž
ɱתȥû˿Ǳųɷ׵
һ룬һûڰһɱʬҡ
ĻȻµɽйĵһʿӰɽϣʿӰһĳ֣
ʮһٸȻٸ½ģһʿ䣬ȫװسɽߣȡ¹Ķ׼ɽ꣡
һӰΪһ飬ʿм䣬ľӸµؿǸ꣡
ᣬɱǴ̹ɪ
߲ʱ˵°ͣĬһ£ٻὣĸ֣һӦָӹٵĴ֣𡣴⣬߻ˣӦ֧ӵĸ١
һݡ߸пΪɱĳЩﻹ˲ٱǮء
ָӹֻһ˫۾¶侲ţ
һŵɽ
һʱǵصĺһƴͳ
ɾն飡ս鼼ȻʱΪսԨȻʩչһ㱡
߽ʱ֧ʱһǼĺХȻƿա
߶ʱɫ䣬Ǳһһץס֧ϱߵȻֱ÷飬Ż輸
ߴֲ֣֧ļžһ¾Ȼ֧ûʯͷУ
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142 ǧμ
һ֧ûʯͷļ
һ۾͸еͷƤ飬ûˣ̫ҪˣȻǲɱ
ֻһССĽѣ
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߿һɽͷʿ䣬Цˣʲôʮ
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վ¶ָӹ٣¶һĨЦƺ˵һССϢж֧Ӵģ䣡
ͷʿĬ̧𹭼һתۣ귢ɻһ죬Ϥ
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ȥ·һˡһҪ跨ЩסʯڣԳһٵʵǣ
һʱǱ䡣
ߵٶȺܿ죬ʿżٶҲ˿һᣬۿҪɽһߣȻָӹֹͣżЦʾ׼
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ʿʱһЩɧָӹϢһһһͷźɨСģ
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һϼð֮£ս鼼ڽ֮ϣ˲·ýâ˿̵һļӲȻ罣һķâ¶һתۿֱֲɨ
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ָӹüг𾪣鱨߲Ϣǽ
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࣬ҲһڲҽѹХĪҪˣֻǾ޽֮࣬ΪΣ
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Χһˣ
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֣ǧʿѣĿ־źս飬Ȼһ֧սɵľӣ
Ҫɱǣ߰
ھ޴ܺͿ־ǰİӶݣ


143 ôġʽ
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찡Ҫɱǣߣ
ɽҰģȻЩʿ䡣ɶһĳˮһûһȺһȺʿ䡣
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һ©֮ɳΪûϼ͵ս鼼ǿֻشʣ֡ˣҲ㹻ˣ߷ųս
Ȼ߰һսͷųƾѪ
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ľǸδǸսϯºɨǧһ죬ɼشһս
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ø־ͷѽ⣬ҡҡͷϽѾѸͭСȻ̸ս飬ޣ־Ǻãֵľ꣬ǿף
һĸֵľܸ꣬ԼʮʮֻϽ׶ս顣һ֣ܸһٸϽ׶ս顣

˷ֻּҰ֮
ΨһеˬǣսҪѪ̫ӴˡÿһζҪˣǵԺײиˡ
۶ǰĴԼǧ¸İӣЦˡ
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ܺãҺܿȬ趵ɫе㷢ףΪ½ս飬ǲδ̫ࣺǧȫܰ
ͷҪ˵꣬Ѱջء
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ʹɳ©ϸɳ忴һۣǳͻȻ˵ʵۣû⣬һʱǰѾˡ
ʵȫӲתһ˫Ŀ⣬ÿ³һ֣ͺ̲ŭ𣺡壬˵һ飡
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144 ԹԵĴ
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÷ƽЦЦ𣬷ǧĿͶϣŭ⣺˭ǸһжģѵǱˣǱõˣøǱȣһƨ
õ˶ʱǧЦ˭ָߺȨǽƱˡȻһˣǾ͸߸ģ
Ǳõģ̸һȥ˲ڵʱֱ񡣡
ǧʢŭĿɨӣΣҲֲǣ
Ⱥ׵ıóԱⷽǧһϯ֮󣬲֪õ˾ʹһ룬ڵһ»
֮䣬ŭĿӡ
һԲʱ˵òùȻмϸ
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Ҹ˵Ҳҳϣ
һͻȻĳЦںڰӹ
ǧ㻹ǹԹԵĴİɡ
Ƥ¶һЦ


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һβȫǵץȻڳ
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ģ·һֲָǽǣһ߽һؼңҪؼң


148 ƳǨ
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覸оͺ¯һ㣬ȫ̵ֻǵú׺ؼҺ
λԼѣ񿴼һĵؿһԺһᣬסĸ첲֡ؿ㲻ҪߣףϾˡ
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յ⣬ǶѶˡҪ縴һʳƷ̫ΪˡͷᰡҰ
һ൱ѧĻţһԽһķкܴĲ塣ƩһΣҺɡ
Цˣ˱Ƴ͢£ǲֵġңҲᣬΪǿʢġ
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һ֪ͨڸʱڸ쭣ûʵ˿ӣֱ빬ջ
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һǼ죬ٹٱˡΪʵʽ̤ϳѲĵ·Ҳһˡ


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ʮǰڸˣܶ˶ˡǱƭˡ
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ҫüᣬϵĹΣҲ׸ͷࣺ٣ұƾͱһңĪ뿴ұưҵʹ˻һ
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ⶼǰˣҪǲ⣬ǶԲ˼׸డ
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ĪҪ˵ʲô̼̼Ųš˼ҶԴʺˣΣ̼˼ΡһαһһٶΣѵܷɱһٴΣ
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׸ɫ䣬һ֣ͳһȻȻڸ˰ߵաеɫΪҹɫеԴԵޱȵλá
ҫȻҸֵɫʱһŭϲһƾλѧʿŭǣѧʿ߼ڲ֮ء
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ھǵһϵй粨ߵһͼϬűץסƴͼҪˣණˮ档
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ϴʾĹǣǰΰݷ׸֮󣬰׸˼ȫ죬ֳĬԹ۵̬ȡ
ΨһпܳΪ谭ľԺҲڷбֳĬδ֮ġ
ƺһж˳һжڰռƻСʵʵڵ˭Qˡе㷸Խ˳ͶԽظе
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⣬Ǿǵļֵ
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Ǻͻӣʵۺһͻһݽȥ类
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ܣ̫ˡ˵Ľʳʹļװ̫ûˣΣȻ߳ԵĴĻҪ̫ˡ
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һȺʿһذ׵Ľɳ뾩ǡ
һȺʿΪһñجģʵۺȻڳѲ;вţǰδָ̳ߡ
ǰտʼ廳ʵ۵ʱ򣬻ʼҽټȻһƾƳ̳д󱦣


162 ֻɹʧ
Ǵϻʵ۲űеجģǱذ裬廳ϻʵۡ
ΪȶҰģҳ棬ƾƳΪһλʵۡҪǻҪһʱ䡣
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ȢǺԴļ֮ŮĻȢҦ֮ŮֻӻδȢסĻӲŸɲӣ̫ᡣ
Ȣ֮Ů϶ȢšΪݵĹϵȢģ̳лλļʻߺܶ࣬ѹֻһϵʹߡ
׸ĵΪָΣ±ϢأӼλڱ˳ٹ֪ԣҲṫȻԡ
һλǲԸ⣬ҲִСһλ¾ǲҲԻˡ
ˡЦǺǣռ壬͢ԴȻϻʵۡ
ñãǰӿһʽǻǾͱЧҡ˸ǲһǻҲӡ
ƶȵǰ˴壬鰲ȴܷɱƶȣǹص
׸صȹѵ䣬ǳұ»ʡ´ʱһȻϢ֪»ţֻҪϹһЩʱգ¾ǻҲֻλ
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ʱĿǰǿսǶԵġ˼
˯ãȻһȻһӰƮȻ֣
һɫ˶꼸ۣߣ
߳ϣһץסդһţ˱ȭĳӪݴӪ֮λ
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163 Ӫĵ
ݴӪӪ֮λ
Ȼһôһ֧ܲһ㷢Ρ
³ϵ߻ع˼תȻˣõ˶Ѻһȳ
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ӪˡߵȺ˽¶һſ͵ЦЦĳǧꡣ
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߶ʱëȻλȻõǰָʹæȭ񣺡ϴˣ
ǧʧЦ޹һᣬƯ⡣ôɫһҲǰˡǰּ
̫ҲǹѺһʱͷɫĴӻȡһʥּһЩߵĻܿ˵Ҫ㣺ΪݴͳӪʱϱãһӦ˵ӦԴΪأһƽң
һĵף侲ѡʵ۾Ȼּ⣬Ȼֱ˶ĳ֡
ǰʵ۶ôƽƽҲǵסʵһŸڵĺİ̾Ϣһ¡
߳סƽϢ飬ϵˡ
һ·סȥʶ˶Ǹ߹٣һЩʶһҵϲʱС
ʱмѺһĹԱȳʱеϲҪ⣬ɻֻ˵һ䣺ڡ
һ䣬Ǿ㹻ˡѺӣһ߽ҵģÿһ춼ߵĽչ׷˵ϻʵû䣬ҲеŰˡ
ʵˣõļ־ͺ޵ˡʵûɡ
һıͷųԽ࣬ٶȾԽ졣һᣬѺͲ죬Ͷȴֶ½ͷų
ڴҶһȻûϢ
һ·ȥʱ·һʱ򣬺Ȼ÷ƽԾָţָʹ
˼ѩߴ㵣ɵرͲ˶Ϊ˼ѩͶ˻ҡˣȾȳ
ֻ˼ѩ־ԪɡӰҿƾǵ߲㶼߽⡣
ر˼ѩ£ĵҪٶѺ־Ҳǲġ
ø߲͸֣һѶ˵
ǲϣǶϣϤͶΣΪƣһЩʵȨٻˡ
ߴηģ³ˣʽԼƤСĶȳʱҲ̲סһ̫ˣ

ȻϢİ˶вɺҵĹɺҶУ·ǰͳȥˡ
ߴҪԱϤʱк˼ѩ˼һҲּ⡣
̫಻Ųæּ⣬ʥּ˼һ
ʱеø߹٣޲Ȼ𺧡һԵ˼ѩ;ԪɣҲǳ˷˼𾪡
Īǻʵ۷ˣȻһʮ˳˴ƷΣãӪ
߾˵ãҲֻһʮꡣ˵ǾԶԶϡĪҪ˵ãǽƴӪԵ㹻㹻ˡ
ǴӪǱǿֻмʮ߿һɫϵΪʮǷκһطһǿˡ
Ӫǻʵεĸ죬ûˡգȻ졣
ѵ̸߲˽ӣǻʵ۵˽ӣǻʵ۵׶ӣʵҲԲѴӪԷǻʵ۵ӣǻס
ʶǧֻ꣬ЩԱʥּαġʥּα죬ǧԻʵ۵ģ޷αġ
߲ϻˣ˶ҫȴˡĿǰȺףȻбµּ⣬ȻҪʣǷӽơ
ʱе죬࿴һۣסĽɫһĨɬЦӦŵƾԸвӣ
ߵʱƹãܷڣΨһʸݽõģҲֻο˳õ֮λ
ƴְλ߸ʵڲ£һɶҳ
һ˾±ǰʵһߵͻأشƳԼ͸˼Ϊ̵档
ʱе˼һˣһۡ
ܺáЦˣô¾͵ʲˡ
˼һˣˣδƽ֮ǰίλʱ¹ߡ
ϴˣ֪δӪ˶ˣֱʲôΪ
ǧοصͷΪ߶ȡЩƯȻ֪ǰͽƹˡ
˷Ӫ㳲˶ʮˣڣλԪ𡣡Ǵߵġ
ףͷʣҪ֪ãر־жˣٹ֡
ر޹֣ڣһʮԱλ˼ѩҲ͸𰸣
־࣬ڣΪԪҲֻǶ
ұһѺλʮ׵ȹҵȹ׵ȹǶһˣ൱õսòֹܶ඼ǲˡ
ñѺʮһ׵ȹҵȹúͱƣֻٸطϡ
˾ӣ֣߳͢ɶáüǧ˿ڵıƣӵЩ֣ʵ̫ࡣ

ΪʲôʵһҪȻãſϳ֣
ΪĴڣһҪãŻ뿪ǰû´Ŀǰֻһ
ӪãǾǾѹԵʵһ̵ܱѪ
ۻʵοǣҪǵǣܱѪе¶ؾǿȨȻ󣬳Ԯʵۡ
Ӫ٣ζ˶ʮλƲȫҲˡʵߣҲûˡ
һֱʵ۵ĺʲôǴԴû뵽ʵ۾ȻİѴӪݳ谮ظеܳ
˼·¥ˡͷˣҸʮλԪһλڣܷ¶ر
ʵһЩ˵˼ѩЦˣĪҪС˼ѩ
ߵϴˣˣʱرȨȻ󡭡ݺݵǣҵ˭롣
ǧ귺һ΢Цáһ֣ȻΪ˷ֹ˼ѩ仯˳ǧָʹӰ
ΪҼٴα߹ȥĵƹЦеһסǵӡ
죬죬죡
ߵĿڼϣҸ׵ȹҵȹǡҪ̸ȥ⣬ֶοϱʱǡ
ɨӣܲ
ǡʱеȻ
ۣȻЦˣγڣ˸һûá
߳㣬߳ʱǽΪĵ̣ʱΪǵߣ


164 Сȣ޵Ц
붬ˡôѩ
һͷͷɫĴ𣬻ڸ߿СرѺ˾Ͳ࣬ʮԽ˴Żȥ
Ҳܲסսٶȴ󱬷ǧˣȡرΪҪĿˣ߲ǲһС
Ըһ˿иõ鱨ǲûս鱬ٶȣⱻ
һ߻һ̾ϢǺܴѩҺܶꡭûѩˡ˵ţⴥӿ˸С
϶ǶǣܶˡǧҲ̾˿һĨȻܾһЦ벻뿪Ʋʮ꣬˲ţúˡ
ߡѵΪҰ˸ͲˣߣҲǲʤ꣺ô꣬ٻرƣżһΣȴŷ֣ЩϤ˶ûˡӪİס룬Ѿϵõ֮һˡ
ǧЦǼáֻǣҪ߸Զġ
¶һĨЦ⣺Ҫ߳ȥġʮǰ㻹һ𣬽ȴѾǹԪˡ
ߴǺ£һ¸֣һֻ֮ǣҲգǲ̲ѪգȴǸӳķ
ټӪǲԸˡҲһЩҲ޷ˡ
һԵر𼸷ֹĸо֪λڶܶǰǰ˸󶼶֮һ
еߵĸоˣǰ˾ǰǰǰߣǱŤ
һָ֪ͬȻȵˡ
ڵȿһȺǧȻףһյڽսҪֵö̫󡣡
֣һȺΪȻһûֵرܲò£Ǿͻóʺ
ʮ·ɱһھرѡѹֻе˲ж
ߺͻɿͬһ㣬رսɣʵڿסǾǼġʱ˶¾Ƿ㡣
ҪȻʵۣȻһر
һһʮǶ·һҪ˵𣬾ڶҲһΪһҵսȻе
ǻ֮ˣ͵ظɱ׿µ
ЩӪˣһߵģһǸ߹ٳɱƤգһµġ
ηǧͲֵĻᶼûţпǧʮʱ򣬻¶֪СӣѾ˽թˡ
ʮУõġλҪ¿رġ
Ȼе㲻̫ر˼ѩΪ׵ľΪɿرǵȷбҪֶΡ
ҲеȻʮ죬Ǽã̫ˡһ٣ʧЦǳ͢سֻĪҪȨƣҲɾ͡
һ԰Ϊ˶ر˷ָ֪ܵͬԵλϴˣ˵һЩ档Ǳӵܣױ֡
֪ͬûѣǰڹٳǹϵıһ֮һԽ󣬾ĴԾԽࡣ
Զڣѹң֮ܵһ˵Ȼһһ굱ģƾ˭Щ˼Ĵɫʡ
ǧͲڶһЩ˼Сӻǡ档
ҿһ˸ɷһ֧رʹֵ£̫ඥˡȻֻ棡
˵꣬ٴǵ߽˷ܣˣǶرˡ
ָ֪ͬϲٻʿ䣬׼ϱţϱǡ
ر׼׵

ôѩ
겻ʮʮǰҲһκıѩھӼҵķӶѹ䡣ֻν겻ôѩȻҵķҲδܶס
֪ȥ͸һˡе㰧ԹվԺҹգѩϣΪ
еתˣϣۿβˣҪתùˡְ꣬ҵһֱȻûãȻѾγɰٻˡ
û˵ȽΪֵ׼Ϊ졣ֻҪڰٻλϹһ¡
̸ϴθĸȨߵȻҪʮϵ꣬ÿһְˡ
ˡѵʲôҸˣǿͷĹ̽ͷ
Щ갡ѪԽ̾Ǽ˼һʲô
ռһ꣬ȴʲôƲ磬ն
겻ΪȻ˵סҾǱƹ»ʵǻһҪõЧҡ˼ҪҲֻǸ߹٣ֲЩСɫ
ҲͷۣȻһӰ·һسߣ꣬ϸֻ࣬ѶëҪˡ
ƵĴɣ㣬ˣ㲻³Ѳˣôھǣˣ
˺һЩ죬ζתһΣ֪ˡԵİڰ֣ڱġ
ϲĸĵ˴ˣ˺Щ죿һˣЩǣ
ӪʧЦ㣬жٻҸ򣿡
١ϸģȻиУĴЦǿıһ˵һ𡣡
·ֻǿ߹ϵ
е㼬֣öԷߣҲöԷͷźŸңǱҪһ¡
òررֻһЩҪ졣ôץǾζ˺ܶҸơ
ҪȫƣԷ޷ųźţǲס
˼һᣬϵ꣬ȻһЩҸֵľλãһҪ±׼
˲ֵ࣬ǲ١ڱԼнʮˡֱפһŴ
һţⲿţһ칫Ȼǻ඼иԵİ칫Ժ֣Ǻȥġ
һ·εǶȻвͨ
ƾӪùһͷܺɨˡֻҪѻһ򾡣ǾͲ©Ϣеˡ

ͷϣһѵľڡ
ƴĺȻеͷۣת˵ĵ͡һвĲӣȻ츳á
ƴҪõģһٵζĥ죬ѾչһھͷĵزˡõĻƣͲ˸ɵġ
ΪһǱĿƽǻعʲôȻõĻƣʵǰڲˡרҵ
ѹÿһˣҪȾѵء
ƴ̾˿ȻиУſڡһֻСȣȳ֣ȻһЦеʮ֮֮ˬЦ
鲻õʱ򣬿ǳֲϷʵ᲻ĵ쳣ǿҵĳޣҪЦ
ֱֻ֮Ҫ֣൱ޡ
ϣ绶֣ͬ־Ǻãͬ־ˣ
Ȼû˻ش׳ã׳ˣ


165 ߹ͷ­
ûȤ£һĬһûС
ߴݵ£ķһЩڣһЩص鱨ܻ㣺أʲôأ˶ϲģƴĿҪ̽ˡ
ƴĻʾ⣬¼æȥ裬õģôû㡣
ûˣˡߵһݾϵʾ̾ϢȻ˳⣬ǾҪôύ̲Ҫôֱץˡôʾǲɵġ
һطϵ̰ıĹؼƴֲӽˮȻìܺͻңùҹˡ
ƴۣߺˡһʮ꣬һˣԼеƺʲôطϡ
ߺУС£ָʹҪĵģ±ߵ˾ˡȻһҴֻշӣα²֡
һ꣬һ֣ԼáԼһָ
ƴɫ΢䣬˶һݸߣ֣Ҳһ衣
ůůغһڲ裬̹òְ᣺ߴٱ
ǲ̫ƾڣ±£ʵ˵Ҳ̫š߽üȻһЦӪʮء
ƴĺȻȻһЦѵ۱ƣһһóڣ
⵹ǣƵĴôڣҶֻһڡڼҪ˼ҳϵۣ˼Ҳˡ
գգۣһмлҿ϶ˣԭԴļҹǲˡԭӹȻı£ܷһˡ
һµţĴ̼ˡ˻˼˵£ô޷£һûûûǰ;Ļһƨ¡
ұһ򾩳ǣֻܳսڣǡãԴļڡ಻
թ֣˵ֽթˣôĻǱ˻ƴĵʱˣеĸܵͰıܡ
ƴİߣĪҪΪǾ޷ʩߣֻ»һȻǾȡ
ȻԵõĴˮôϣ˵Ŷһ٣ֺ˵ģǲʳԶˣıƹó
ʮǰһξˣλΪǡ߲³ӡˡ
ʮǰƹͻȻûٻشӪΣΪܳ£֮ԱǣΪ꣬ˣ
ߣƴĴŭ̧첲һƺߣȻתֱȡ̫ࡣ
һ֣ƴķһЦߣΪ𱣻վӵ
ûӡѻҪ·֪ܵȥˣֵõƴ˵һϵãõһۼ
Ȼһ򾡡Цеģ
ԼΪն̫ʹƴĸеһʰ޲£նԷټӶһ򾡡һ򵥶Чİ취
ⲻһҪôӣֻҪþˡ
ʱеŤеԡôòɴ඼򶹸һͷײˡ

һƿһЩ΢˻ѹֵĲҽ
ƴüëһĶˣʼӵܱ¾ʱѣҪ
Ϣ𶯵ɲǣ̫ƮȻͷ߰ɲǼ䣬һϢӰȻƴ֡
һ̧̧֣̩ɽһ㣬صһ£
·һڶˡһƴĵԶ壬ȴȻȻҹڣ
ͱһ֮ǿдȥϯС¥¾ɾ顣žһ죬ƴıһƺУȴһֻһ㱻ĵ¥ס
ȻС¥˲ʱƾǧһ㣬Ӷǽڣһһ绯ΪĩƮɢ
һϹһ˫ۣһй¶˿ֲ
ƮƮĴ¥ȥʾ̫һץƴģ˵ֱǰ⣺СүĺܷЩˣԱŮ˻ң
Դ룬°ͣȻֻ鷳鷳ҡ
һɫƴȵϣ߿ЦңЩν߹ͷ­ڽ£оá
ƴ³һŭģߣң¾һʼӵܣұؽʬΣ
ͷһʵûˡԴӪ֪Ϊʲôڱ𣿡
ǰΪʲôӪֻΪʲôôࡣƴĿЩ¾ӵܣȻ׹ߣɼսѵѵ
߾һƭµϧ˸㣬̫ۣ
ۣôȫˣƴۣɫױң۵һ¿һѪʡ
߰һƭ˲˼ҶˣȻҪƭһ̫ͨ಻ɫһλھĿɿڴˣʱˣ
߹Ц˼ЩһƭޱȻֵС
۵׵һĨ峺ȥ̽һЦһ񼡣ѵ̫಻ǻʵ۵ʲôɽͻʵۻҪʱ򣬰ѴӪǲ
ôʲôһЦֱһէȻȦסƴĵĲӣһ¾ͽ֮׼ժ¡Уͭһļȡꡣ
̫ڳԾѣɱ
ǣûеڶԴĻתЦ˷ܲѣǵһμȡľ꣬ǿܸս鰡
̫ʵ۸ô࣬ǲӲԪһ߾Ȼ˵ɱɱˡ
ںһգҪſͭȡֵľ꣬Ǿ̫ˡ
ǽһĻϲңһĪĻʵۡΪһԤпҪ˶ãͻ·ˣָںƵ棿Ҳ̫ˣǴûɣСԲƽ⡣
ĵһʮ꣬Ƴĵ죬úʹӪֶ̫ˡ
ߵǻʵ۵ǻʵ۵ӡ
û¶ͷǰʵ˭һ¶ͷôͽĶףϵ˵ǽϳ˼ǻǻʵ۵˼
ʵ۷Ϊõְö̵档ǱӵܣȴãĶˣ椵ȴ˳Ǳһָʹ
ְźͻԵΪΨһʸʱõˡҲǼʵۺͻìܵˣ֪Ϊʵ۶Ըҵļȷ档
ߵǰѪ𣬲Ƹʵеײˡ
һһܶණͺ֮ˡ
Իʵۣ͹ʵۣǾֻø졣
߷һɫڷ⺮Եҡ
һնȤϷҪ棬Ǿŵ棬Ҳûʵ۾һ


166 ˶ӻĿ
ȵ֡
編ƣúܿҲ¡һԣһͷ켸ʮ𣬶ܵƽǡ
һνãһﶼǼ죬ɿİߵʰоֺʬ塣Ȼ󣬺ܿһЩѸ¿á
ֶΣԼߵͳñµϢȻ˿©
ȸͲ죬»صλϣߺܿ˳õͷòδʧأҲóΪ©Ȼǻ
ǴӹȥҶ´ҪԱƵرԱ
߲ŲæȡͼϸĲһһһ򡣺ܿ죬ڵͼϻһİΧȦ
ñʰȦͷҲأһ´ʱǷȦҼǵ缸գб±ѲߵϢˡ
صһ鱨ʱδ̸˵٣ĿǰڿԼĵط
ǰһ㣬߶ΣȻЦˣϬϬ¸صرγһȦӣѱµϢ׷
мգ±¼ݱϢѾȫˡʱʲô仯Ͳ˵ˡʺƵĿΪȻ
Ͱˣؼǰ˸˸϶ʵѾݱˣͱȻ»Чҡʱʵۻ᲻԰˸Ǿ˵ˡ
ϣҵİ취ܶһ׸жϡǻʵʲôƾֵİ취Ȼλ˶ˡ
ۺ󳷼ͼʵģʹ󽭸һǴԼһǴԼ
󽭸뱱ϾԮҪȳƷߡһȽϻ޷׷½Ϊס߲Ϊһһ©
ߣҪȻʵ۵Ϣ޷ȥҾԲӪȻʵۣĵһߣмҪ¾ˣǻڿӰԼҸˡ
Ŀǰ鱨Ѿˡ첹䣬ϣڴԮʵۡ
ʵߵĲ࣬Ӫˣ˾ͻֻʣļԼǧ־ٲԮͱجġ
ųˡĿʾضһ·ϬǮ򣬲ȻѽôǮʧȥʲôطǴ󽭸

һԲЦĶһᣬȻʣǷЩ˲ˣ
ڲ顣һ󹤳̣һʱǺѲġһЩףǲ̫ѣҪǰΪ׵ԼλԼѫӵܡ
ϱ
ѾǣʱԳʱк÷ƽ󺰣˷ܲѡ
ر
˼ѩرѾǣ֤֮ǰžԲ򿪡ҪԮ赲ס˷ǽ
ߺٺٲ˼Цˣ᣺õߴ׵ȹ飬ҵȹʮ飬ֱ죬ѲڳǾš
˼ѩͷԪһüˣ־
һ˵־ߴһӣɭȻǰҪ»Щ棬ؾǡ
ΪȻ־Ŀǰ˵ë嶼ûСߺȻЦģ־ʩչֽŵʱҾͽˡ
ԪɵʱסǼ˵ĻƺҲֻʺȥ
һȣ׼ȥٻ¥ؾǡܷɹڴһ١
ȻȻӦŵ
Ӻٻ¥ˣ߷Ȼ

ٻ¥
ǹһ˵ٻ¥С߷ɵ߸оŤ롣
һȺȺĺˣڴѩͷеӥסķ˻ȻɱһС
ƴӪãнӽʮȻһֳȥҲԲǶԷмܵģ߲Է˯޵İҲ찤Сޡ
һսǣǱضġ
صǣܷ߻ҵߡҪرҪϱһǣһȫѲ
еĸɳȥѲˡ˵һ㣬ߺٺһЦǾǳΪѲΪΡʵǶҪۡ
ǳͷˣǶôһ¡թԴߵܲΪչ֮죬µĵϵҲ̶ʱվͻƶ硣
ҪΪˣ̶ܶʱѹ˶ԴȻһһԣң̲оŪ㡣
ΪԼѹһЩôǱġȻ߲֪Ժ󻹻᲻ӴԴˡ
˵ˣΪǿǲǸֻҪﵽžܿһͼʱеɫԪһ
ԼĪʮڣʮ׵ȹʮȹԷΪ·ϱ·ٻ¥ǰ
ѩܴĻܴܶࡣ
ٻ¥ЧʻܲͰĵطɺˡ
ʱ߳ĽĻգ˿ߵĴѩʵǷ˵״ʫԡ
½ɣʵһǲѷɡ΢ЦһȦ
һʧЦʵδã
üûãҺǸεԼã޻ʵǣҪʵ۵ʵʼǻʼҵˣȴôɱˡôˣŲ塣
ûεҲˡӽҪǻʵ۵ģܱ߱Ǵʵۣ
Ǹεġüǽļƺݶޱȣ˯֣ȸ㽶Ƥû׼ܰԴˤ
еȻݣԼĳЩ
εĽѾҫȣǰˡȻҪɱؾǾѻᡣһЩɵǼһ
ʼûи𸴣֮ȽʵۣһаұƳɾͰҵʱˡ
˵ǣһҪ
һϤģ̵ЦЦվһݶϣȻٰ¥СүҾͿʹһ²Ǩӡ
ǣ
ƿһʱ಻ȹһת۵ĹͰݻľ¥һ롣
ǧȻչһЦһŷˣֱӽٻ¥ݵ
ȻλǲǨӳ߷ë룬һȥͲһӣƾЧʣƾţĶӻҲ
һ£аͷһɳ죬ҧгݣߣ֣
̯һ󣺡ǾͰ߹͹¼һ°ɡ
㣡ȻģôֵƤأܻߣӳģȡ׼
Ӱӷгʱ򣬰ŭģֱȡ
һֻȰĴ˫һϣת۸žؽ¡
ǧ꣬㣡Ȼϳˣѿڣô㲻ǳȥˡ
Ӫɫ䣬Хһ˺
΢ЦȻ߸߾һֻ֣Σڴӽˣ
ڰУһӰȻ֣һһȺȺһԲȴһ˷Ŀֲѹ֡


167 ƾ²ˣһһ
֣
˦һһХ졣
һըѣѤóҫ̻ҫ޾ҹա
õź̻һԴʧɫʱź̻ζʲôҲ˵ˡ
ԭǻʱ߾Խˡ԰Ϊ׵һı壬ʱɫ䣬֪ˣ벫ХɱǣǾͻǵģ
Ҫ˵ίʵЩļֶΣһɨӶ죬ߴ̫࣬̾һХ·־ǣХ಻
ߴޣƾһɤӶиˡ
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ҹɫеһӰԳΣԳգԳϢһһɫȻͷţһһĹͷų
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ʵһǷˡضǷˡһǷˣʲôܽͣûʵ۾Ȼ߿ñԼСҪ
ǿӲ簲Ҳеȶӷǽʮ𰡡ĪҪ˵ʮ𣬱ʮǳѲ
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ȻʱȴһƵĴӪ
ϣǧһԾϣ˫ȭֱɲǾѡתۺͰһ֣Ϊһʱһ㡣
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˼ԭִܣһܲս;߸оЩ죬Ϊʲôá
Ϊ˼㣬һս飬ǧǧսء
ս˲𣬸ССΣ˴Σһս飬ǾһӶͺñ߶ȣֻܳս顣һսһǾֻӵˡ
սԴԴϵߣ˭ôݳޣոשƹҪս塣
̫Źֵؿ˳һۣСս飬Ҫ˴Ǿĥˮĥĥ֡

һĹս⻹ͷһأҲǺܶͷһĿ˸߲Σ˴ģǿ߽֡
ٶһЩᡣ˵֮
һһֱ޵УҲǡͷ룬ҲһԶսҲǡ
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ڶľ꣬ηˡüЦסˮһµĻῷŭȣߣң
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Ҫɱңһξ͹ˡͶ䣬ϵ˵⻰嶼˵˰˰ٶˡһƲΣҲһһΰˡ
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ҪôԹԴġҪôֻǱ䰫һ㣬ź˵
һָָһȺĻҡ


168 ƽѣǶ
̻財֪ΪΣ̻رࡣ
ԪĬĬĵȴڶ̻ʢţɫһӣѾ뿪ʹˣ

Ԫ־죬Լ߷Լٶȷ˸ʹڡ
ÿһ־죬¶֮ɫҪͷһأ־Ǻһس󰡣ȻҸˡ
ȳ裬ȻҪϴˢ
Ƶ־һǻʵ۵̾һҲ䵱ǱȽرġ־ǴӰ˸ɣɱڵһֻ
ÿһʵ۶ϽĿؾģҲÿһʵ۶ϣƯѪϢġ
־δظ˵Ȼʵ۵ģҲǻʵŵľӡʵ۵İ취ܼ򵥣Ӱ˸ѡ־·ذ˸һȡ
긴һ꣬һһԼ൱־ųȥҲǻʵ˰˸ҳϡ
ƻʵߵɳɷֽΪӣ־ҲлʼҺѫӵɵҾ崦ż崦Ҳ档
ɷ̫ӣʵȻʵԶǳǿߣԼɱɹҲܵ͡
Ԫһ··ɳۣʹڣǷԾϻʹǽһлɱһҸ֣ʮǾԪɣ־
һò𺳣һʱʹڴ־ʿļ󺰡
ҸҪɱԪɣκ򣬸Ϊ
УһźڻӭԪ¶־Ȩ

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÷ƽ죬ĬĬȻȴźšһȺȺսߣȴһԲĬúһХǰĺһ̲ޱߵı
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ȴЦţһѽƵ·ϣס·ߡһս壬˲ڿշԾӶݡ
ҪʱߺȻ̧һѹЦšۿٶȻΪһâʧ
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˫ŭߣΣȻ𣺡ȫס֡ȻѣͶĽˡ
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һڻȻֿһӵϵĴӪס
߶῰ᣬȻȻ𾴵ĸо̾˿治Ǹˣѹ
ģǧ῵޲ëȻȻѡ⻰˼߻ǴȫˣǶôһ˵Ĺ
ߺչȥ첲
һЩĺס۾һʱȫȻžžĶİһһˬ߹ǲһ
ǰ߶һᣬƺԤϵʲôȴûбֱֱۣؿ
ǧ亹ֱðߺȻ̾ҡҡͷƺû˼ˣǣߣ

һƱ˵ȣѸٸǲʹפء
һȰĺӰƮȻ֣һ·ȥǲʹǱߣȻǴû
ץһķѩߵһЩ²⣬ڵõӡ֤Ȼ뱱ڶˡ
ߴתһ𺳵Ļ
ｻǣѴˣͬǲʹһץסң
סһܷߡǣ


169 ˵
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ΨһıǴҪӣץǾǴѱɳһμһսƵġ
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ֻֽһ仰跨ʹѲ飬ҡ䡣
ֽ±ߣһصıʶϹԼİ֮һ


170 黨

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ҲĺȻڸס䣬תߡ
ŮˡҺΪѰ죬ѵĽ
عȻվסһǰһץؿ˵Ҳ
ҾҪǷң㽫뿪ƣҲԶǷң
عһ˦֣ת󲽾ˡʣһźһᣬû˵Ǿ仰
ߺȻ֣ҹͷ׵ıѩͣˡ

ˡ׸ˣԺҲˡ
ˣˣҪ㡣
һ飬Ȼػ꣺׸ǵš
̿ˮҵӴǿһƷԱһĹ䣬һ䣬һƷС٣Ȼ˼ҵȣ
鶼ǶƷٶ͢ʵȨһƷȥôǾ൱ίϽһ൱гļһ˼ҳίţǶôĹ
˼ֻҪ⣬ͷβÿգһƷٶףء
ûҶ˵ȥӴ
һƵĴ磬ҲԵ˧䣬߻ۡҡͷЦЦϴҰй۲㣬û뵽Ȼ˹ᡣ
Ҳû뵽Ȼһ˧߲ޡ
ĬᣬźȻ˵
˵߻ʾ⣬˷׷ȴ
ò񸸻ʡӵĵһ仰ͳ˳ԳҲ̫ùãҿɡ
գգۣӣȻ˵һЩɵģǾԻˡֻĶе档һ֮һĻӣΪʲôҪðա
ߣǸ˵㻳Ҷ硣ǡðգеϵ
ңۿѶʹʱ򣬶Ѿˡ


171 ͱһ
̫ࣿ
ãտͥԺУֻһȵ
סȭͷȭͷף֪Ҿһֱ顣ϧʱ̫̣ûʱ䣬Ҳ鲻ʲô
ȻʵۣǼֱβ͸˼һʵ۾Ȼ֣еΪβˡ
úΣɵ㡣֮ʴ֮ǰΪĲ١
ùҲţǰ޳ž˵ǻҵմѪֻлΪۡ¶һĨɫ֮ʴͦžǾһš
ùõΪԽߣ֮ĳͻԽǿҡ彥Ͳ̫ˣͲŷ
˼ء˼
ӳĬᣬɬһֱ;øʺ֪ʲôˣ֪ԣдӪ
ߺȻ֪
ӵɫʱһ䣺һ׷鵱Ļ֣ѡѡǱƲ˺ܶ꣬Ҳû
йŹ߲֡ɫ̽׻
û׻Զ˵ˣʮǰǸҲһĴѩǱһƭ֣ùǼ¾Ǳƭ
֮ǰû֪ȻǸ˲ݣùǣȥ
Ǽ·ʱʧ԰͢ŷִͷβΪƭ֡Ӷͷ
Ȿǵ˾ڲĳ裬ǻʼѪΪʲô֪ˣ˵һ˵Ҳ޷
ߵһȻƭ˱£һңǲ߾簡
ߺȻЩ⵱ıƹˣѪģǸһֱɱĶ󣬶ǸȻ幫һʱƻԿ
ǻʵ۶幫ĳ谮ѹֻһƹ
ͺ죬ʵҪߣҳ˱ƹҲûİ취
ʲôʽʲô
ѰζЦЦ񺽺ҺܿҪһĳһЩصĶԼԼľǰƣֻץס
ĿⶸȻ֮ԸЩ㡣ߣ۹ȥʲôʼұƻҵһԱ
Ҫ˾ˡҪìͷָұƣĪҪϵĹѪҲĪҪˣݵλǱƸġ
֮߰ԱǣүǴӵ꣬ǡû
첻ãȻǸˣǸεˡڰдߣڰı˵Ҳ롣
ǻġ㱶졣
ʱţǻģҲ룬ʲô뵽ˣұƽɽӵߵʱѾҪˡ
ң޳͢޸ʡˡ
ȭҲǱƵ¡ߣҪӦңɱɱ
˵Իɡ߾ˣǺôøңǼһﵽʲôݰ
ǡӵ۶ڱУһЩЩĺɫѪҺߵļϣ˵һ֣
һ˭벻֡
סƾſļϣһںɫѪҺĽ͸»ɢ
ʵۣԤϵһĻ㲻ɱӣƵϣ
һ᲻ң

׸ԺԼĻӣУĲɵ˵˼仰
ŭ֣ջĻӻû쭣߾ֱ߹ȥۣĻӣ
ĻãȻһͷܻߴ𣺡ǻҵǲҩˣ췴ģҩĵӽˮģҪҲѻ˵ס
Ҫܲ˵׵㣬˵˵˭õԵװ
ϽȥӵʬŪߡ
磡ĻʧǵãȻ˲ҴҸȥ
ŭδǿһƷٶͷʾ⣬ŭѰЩУǲʹ˵Ҳ
һƱ˱Ѻ߶˵ǰȥͷǶ׼һͨ򣺡췴װƣ㺦ҼӰ࣬㺦ҳ˹ӡ
һһ׸˶ʱȻһʲôûӡ
Է˯򶹶Ȼһ¡һͨöˡһŰڽЦ֣ˡ
пһ£״ĴЦ֣ҿ֪κΡʵۣˡʵһ·һ
һâҫЦݽסῷŭ𣺡ߣӦҲɱ˵ġ
ȡ־زõϵѪȻƭġǰ׳հӲɱʵ˵һɱı֤ˡ
֣ɴ󣬼ѵıƳ֣һ±ſһʺѷ죬Ȼ¡
ɫǳҵüӪ֣˵ҲϲҲϰ̧ͷ˽
Ӫ˳Ĭõ˳Ҳ̫˰ɡһһҪôݲҪôڣô裬Ҳ̫ˡ
һȺ޵ࡣ³Цȴ󲽶ŵݺݵһϣʱƽɽһĹ¡
Ĵ߳Щ䣬׷׵ع¡˴ͷµĵϵ׳׷վһİȫ߷¡
ɫ䣬ֻһ̾ϢĵסãȻǻʵ۵ĹצӣŲġþӪʮ꣬򣬻ʵһ£Ȼһռӡ
һҪߡҪߡһ˿Ľҡ
ֵ῵ʱͣס΢Цǰû֪˼Ѿתǧˣڻǰڰա
³ڴǲʹǲʹ亹ֱðȣߣҵȣҴ㱱ƿս
ҪսǾս
³˶ʱݺݵһȥǲʹֵ˫һ鲻Խžһ¹£
һӪ޲ɫұ䣬ʧˣҪ
һȥǾͼ޷ˡ߳ɵĿܻƿսߴģǲʹǴǼص⽻¼
ǣ³˺ݺݵһˣǲʹȻɼĹ£ŭ𣺡СҶ
ǲʹȻ·ĺУ㴳ˡƱ̤ƽ㱱ƣ
ΰûվһӦʮˣϤɼŭŭ棬޲ýȼճɻҽ
ԼӪϤɫҰײ̡ǰ춼ͱһ
УһƬš
°ͣƵ᣺һ㼸ʣ˵ս¡
δŵϱ֪ġָģĵˢһǺ졣
ϴǵҪϱΪһˣ
սСүȿȡߺո첲ȶһͨ˽˶Թȵ˵һ˵ġ
սЦУһұƻı׮£ҿʲô͡


172 Ѿ˵ģҪ
ǲʹɫ䣬ȻһӳĬˡ
жʱһƬȻ𾪡ֻ׸ȼɫ䡣
˵ߺȻЦˣָŴǲʹһӣˡ
һǰٵ£ʱһͷء
ɫ񵭣Σ
ǲʹЦߣѹ˶裬޼ɵȻݺҵȣ˵ѵ˾ţ
δ䣬һֻŽʵĸǲʹϣ̧žһµĲȥҽװҽˡСүޱ˴ˡ
˰̿ˮ½ŹڹϰǲʹȻҲȶᣬ߻治Ϊĸ˱ǩ
ǲʹһѪŭĿӣǲʹѹŭ𣺡ߣǱƹԱҪ˵֤ݡ
ҽ֤ҽֱ֤ӰѴѾӵӡ£׼ԷǽʵĸȥΪϲ֤ݵˣ
ĪҪˣãҽҪ׼Ҫ֤ݣСүʱưٰǧĸǡ
Цһ֣˱ϳȥԴٿԴҶںοǡ
㡣߶Ѫǲʹǰžž죺طΪʲô֪
һᣬдǣˡΪҪս߽ӹһ鱨ˤϣˣĪҪΪǵĴûע⡣
սǱھ͸սߵˡ
ǲʹ鱨дĴƽˡߵ𱻿Դɫҡ
û̱ļһڶǲʹǰҲɭȻ㹴ʲôһڲ顣Ҿһ䣬Ҵս
Ҳң𶯣ǲʹһɫҰס
ȻңǾ͹ԹԵعȥǻʵۣһ죬Ʋ֡
ҴǹԺӣһΣҾͿһΡ
㡣߿ɫҰ׵ĴǲʹǴûõףսۣǻʣʲô
ս͸ݱƺͶǱķչˡƺͶ´ǻ̫أеɱ۾
ھ⣬ĸС
ǲʹЦûϷˣǿ쵶ն飬һȫϳȥˡ
ʵۣҳˡ׼аɡ

Ұϸȫǡã֪ô
ٶ˼±Ӧŵǣ
õɿĸǵæµתӸµɨһȺ壺ЩʲôҪ˵ģ
شǳĬ
ƣĨһʾѺȥɱˣֵľ꣬Щͻʵɱɡ
̾˿ǰЩ꣬Щˡƽ飬׸˱ȭλˣΪʹ
˵ҵȻϡ׸΢Ц˺һֶΣҵ಻
л䣬͸ȥӡ£ֱӡżϣȻ󽻸ʹֱء
ԺĻߺ׸ȴȻˣܷ߼·
һĲ׸߳ȥң׼ҲδȫԤϣг֪֮ΪΣ
ͨ籨šõ飬һεˡ
߶ʱ㵣Ϭƣѻʵ۵ķӦȥˣҡͷʧЦ˵̫ԩˡ
ϸ˼ʮǰǼһޡ׸˰
ǡ߷ѽ⣬׸꣬թ͢Ҵݣƹ֮˽ǡ
ҡͷϬ粻ǡ
Ϸ֪ǡʮαƹһޣίʵɡ׸ͷ
ңεĴߣҹᡣسǣͶǲΧ¡
Ͷֻһ֡Ȼεı֧֣ǰ˳ɱǶˡ
һϱ̬Ȼµľͻ³ˡ
ˡɡ׸΢Ц߳á
ຮһ޵Ļ
߰ɣȥ

磬ȥ
߷ĬƤӣãûˡ
ûҾúܺáƤСüЦûûƤĴչ֪˶𣿡
ƤСĵһָͷ鱦͹ŶȵȣֵһǧİӣүͿǮ
ʧЦֵǮʡƤСô֣
֣һָڸ;Ժʣµģȫˡ߹ϣ಻̫ѿǲҪȫֵ
ƤСĴ󼱣ߵһ䣬ϲ˼ûѣȥˣشӵĿһ˵
õ˶ʱ޵ĿϲУֱܵüľˡ
߰ѷ䷽һ˵û˷ԡ̫ѿֻĴСʵδظüƽӵȥ򣬲ʾ˼Ҳ֪
˼ڸںʵ۲ںΪõȷҪҲΪĴͷļҡһңʲǸɵйҹҲɵġ
ûļңҲһԭ򡣲ȻǾҪó׹ˣʳʵһ׼쭡
õӴֳ£޵ϲõУֱߵָʹһ㡣
ûоΪֻ֪Ҫʵһ׼ȶ֡
ʵۣӻǧ򣬵׻ȥˣ
һΪʵΪ˰һ֧ӣʾһ֧ӡôǧ򵽵׳˲뱱ãʣµأ
Ƿ֪ǧεϬ磬û˵
ߺпյĺȻ뵽ƽʮ֮һӦѾ͵˵˰ɡ
һЩˣһЩ£ȻˮˡȻȻһЩĲˮ¡
ʵ۲ھǣֻСȻڲסĲŪƣŪÿһͷ
ˣʵûȻû̸١
ҺɼߺȻһ׵ֵĸ衣
ǰɼ
߲򹷼ȷ棬ؤӣҲû򹷰ˣˣˣˡ
ܶѾ˵ˣܶ༴Ҫˡ
ߺܴķЩϣŻʵ۾Բࡣ

һԶԶĵطһ˵ĶԻ
ۣڱƻҡ
һ׵ӻԾظһּΪǿѹһĿˣš
ϹһЦ뿴ҵĿһδ䣬Ϲ˵նʱû
۵ͷһƵЦ⣺Ȼǡڱƣһƣ
֪ǵġϹ˵ͷ
ҪʲôƳۡ
ֻ룬Ȼһ죬һֶӻҪ۴˳ȡ
۵Ȼڱƣ˵١ڣߡ
ƮƮһץסϹˣһת۱ʧߡ


173 
ƾ⣬Ȼһ⻪ҹҫ
һӰ·ƿնһƵŤ̤ճ֣
Ϲ˵ͷۣ룬Ҫ졣
˿̬ȣȻ߽ǽһ·ǽƵģڳǽڡ
־ᣬȻɵҡҷҵŮӵĻĪҪˡ
۽ŲӯڻѩɨĽֵϣֻһЩѲҹںз
ʹƻʹ
Ȼϰգһᣬȴɰü֮ô٣ʵ۲ڣ
ҡҡͷǻʵڣ۶Ҫúһ·ӣҪβ跨Ūء
ᣬǲһ⡣Ȼе֮ҲöԸ
ⲻһ磬ߵĹأҪȥ٣ҲףᱻӡţƣǣҲܲס˼˶ڡ
˵ҪҪƤûôҪ
ڳһЦԭ֣һһ˱ơȱ衣
һݣһ·ʧһ롣һ̳һ֮⡣
б棬ȻôԺôԺʱǵƻͨæµ
ʧЦӲУһ˵ͷûôϣ˵ԼĲϰƵƣƣ롣
һΪ˭ԭǼ֡УϷһ²ֵǺ£úǱȴϰ塣
ϰЦЦȻôֵİɾ㲻ĻɽǱޣʲô
Ȼ̾˿ѣѡ£Խ󣬾ԽǼѡұ£ôȻͻơұһƬҲЩġ
һζҲǰ취˼䣬ʱ쳾֣Ҳʧһ¡ϰۣ̾Ϣپʾ޵֣ûѰôţǵҲ
ǰ֮ȻĪ
ϰид̾
ĬãȻ̧ͷСˣ
ǰˣǱߡһȥ߸ڣֻ˻Ż
ϧˡȻҡͷеţΪ޳Ҳδضѡϧʢˡ
ϰ岻ΪȻС̫ˣܴ졣
ȻԺЦʮ޳ʮΪڣ
ϰȻڱƵз֣꣬һʮ꣬һʮţѾ羳ɷˡһ߶׺͡
ޡǱڷڶޣҲǰμˡȻȻȤ˵
ϰЦЦ˼ǸᣬթøϹƵģϻֹϣ¿·ȴίʵ⡣һŮӣƢԺãҲȣ԰ס˼
ءȻһЦ
ϰЦĪֶͽ֮磬ǿǸթСҷΪС
̫թ˼̫ӣδߵöԶȻϰһЦ⣬εسϣðɣұȻϲֽթˣ̫
ڣƱرһ䣺Ѿķǽɿ
ĪҲͽ֮Ȼʡ
ϰЦݽסЦҲм֣ʵ̫թ̫׽ˡ̹֮Ҳңֻĳһ챻Ҳ֪
ѩˣΪߺԩ

һӰȻǱ룬ڴߣ¶һĨɫߵı仯
壬´ܷţܷҪ֪ȥ
иУȻѪоһ־ջһĴ
Ϲ˳ԾϲãããΪ澫跨ΪŪЩһ٣һЩʱ䣬ҶȻΪѰ黨
ߺȻЩ˵ᣬϹˣôææȥģΪҰ黨Ѿҵˣһ꣬ضͻž
Ϣ𣬺һҪ跨Ѱһ԰ȫɿĵطҪһ˿һĵСϹ˶
Ϣ𣬺յġһͻ磬Ǿ͵ͬˣϵˣǾͱɡ
Ϣ𣬺˳ͻƣͺֱܹ̥ܿϢҲǽһֱϲٸ֣еžȫǽϵΪԵʡ
ЩӣһЩʲô˵˵Ϲֱʡ
ҲֱӰЩʱ£½˵ˡϹȻ̫ҵϤĽͣһεļһڰϴߣҹ
һ٣ǰƴһҪȥǲʹȻ⣬򲻵ѣṴ
ǼȻ߷̣ʵ۳ϵǲӪǰֻйˡ
Ϲ룺˵Ĵ̫Σգ
Σ壬ʵ۰ѴӪýңĬҶɱҵĻҡûС
ʵΪ֪޻ңúʹӪǰֵرضԻ¶֡Ȼȴ֪Ҳ޻ҡ
ʵҲսҹץǲʹҲСʵνС
ϹȻֱԣô˵ɣɱһңǾ뼸ǧˡû˻ϲһɱ˿񣬻һǣٹٻҵжҾ£ǲҲǻʵİӣרΪʵ
ҪǣֻҪɱ֣ʵɸɵӣ鲻ҲСǳԷ˯򶹶ǸЦʵ汾
ĴǺΣաϹëȻȻɣɷ֮뿪ơ
߲ΪȻ壬һЩ£ǲǸø˵ˡ
Ϲ˳ãǾ仰۱ƻʵ˵ʲôԲҪ

ץ񣺡ܸøңõ˭
Ϲ˿ЦߵԴǵһЩ磬ϣӴһͨ˾ͺáˣȴϣֱ𡣽ָơ
ߵԲ۾ûôްɣΪԼҺˣ벻Ƹǿ
Ϊ磬ֻҪ޹İȫǲԸ֡Ϲ̾˿
ߴͣôҷ϶ˡ
Ϲ˿ɬ꣬ǴˡΪ㰲ᰲȫҸˡ
ΣùãôҿĿɡ
ùһỽϹ˵ӶʱֱȻͷ㣬֪
߸ΣùӴΪֹϸĵԸһ㲻ŮˣΪǵӾİϹһ˫۵Ű
Ϲ΢ЦչˡҲû֣΢ЦһЩȻ
ذڻУϹ˺߰һ̡ãϹתƮȻȥ
ΣôҿӰȻϴô죬ҿҲϲùá
͸㿴ҵĿ
磬һ仰͸ߡ
Ϲ˻ȥαװ¶һĦһҵ÷顣
ƭۣ


174 ˦ĺ쳾
عϣһ
İײأӯֵĽŲ·ŲܽһӻȻ
彭¶ԳѺ̫ãƤòҰףǵ˰׻һ㡣
þλ˵ĺûֿ飬Ծι̲ơʱȴĴˣ彭Ŀһòδ˵ꡣ
һƷٷһ΢Ц׹ãû
ûбӲŵʺˡ彭ȻеԾƷǱ졣üʱһʮ죿
ȡһȵľƣϷƵȡֻӣ׹ʶ幫
彭ľٱҡͷʿһУӲʳеȷû幫ɣ
˵ʶϹˡȻٱ⡣
彭һ΢̧ۿȥ˼ֻһЩ档ΪʲôҪϹˡ
һЩǲᶮġ彭ڿڣ˻ƵúˣͺЧһʵۣԸΪʵȥǲᶮ
ͺ񸻶ȴЩΪʲôҪͺܶǰҲµĿľΪ˰ѴҶ޲Ʋ޵زˡ
룬Ƕˡ΢Цվբţȡһ£ԼһЩӡ
׹ˡ
תߣ彭ãȻʵ˭
סعһͷ¶Ժ֮ɫõ죬ҲǱõ졣
彭סߣߣ
ߺЦ߳չ˫ۣգһִʫκǹȥ衣
ϹˡϹ˲ǻʵ۵ˡۣЦˣûбõĽˡϹεˣǻʵߵӰ
Ϲ˲ǻʵ۵ˣνͿɽȭһֱϹ˵ģһֱ̫ʩչɽȭɽȭϹ˽ġ
±ʵ۸㣬⵽ѡ
Ϲ˲ǻʵ۵ˣϹǱˣϹŮˡ
°ͣȻչտĴЦ治
Ǳѩֽ١ſͷԡ
ȥһˡͷ

˵һΡ
ǰ߰˯Ĺ⾰Ϊ飬ʱ߶ûףֱץˡ
ڶ峿СүʱֱԺץˡ
ҵĻ岻٣ҲвӸλûвңߵ֪ʮǰǴҵǣͷ֮һ
ûʵʹȴԵñȻʵϡɫľȻĶߣò̫ӵ񣬶һ̰棬޼ɵ
ԣ겻˶ϲΪʧϡҲϲ֣Ϊ̫
߰һЩɵĹϵĹȥܽʾһЩδ
һֱģҲе֮šǼº󣬱㱻˺ˣӴ˾ڲʲôҵһֱֲŸ˻ϣ
һ㲵ſյؿĳʮǰ˵ƭ֡Ҵݣƭ֣ƹһƭ֡
ȻȻ˵ƭ֣ʵ˽飬ʱ򣬻ֲϴõʱ򣬱ƹѾȻˡ
ǣߺȻ죬Ϲ˵̬ȣԼеܹؼƭһҪŪ塣
ʱǱµĸĻţֵǻˡ³֣ûþͽҴݡǳñƹĻңһ
ҡͷΪѪȻӽɫȻղ֪ʲôڸס
߳Ծ֪߻ϸڡ
ʵȻʮǰûĸףǺܶ˶ûֻǣΪ˱סͱ£š
ĬȻ֪ݺᣬʬʱͺˡ
·Ƶˣ˭ʲô߳
ҡͷ£ĸףû֪ˡ
°ͣͷᣬˣԴСүˡ飬ǾͲˡ
ſڵʱȻסҪԹ㣬ǶǻʼѪһЩҪġΨʺϣ¾۰㣬Ҳֻȥ
һƮȻȥ
Թ԰һӰɡʮǰһӾǻˡ
еµˣǲµģǱһӡ

סһѩָһ˦ѩƮƮķȥ
ڷѩУһ·ߣһ·˴Ҵңȫں·ɫɫϰɫѩһֻֻĴ졣
˴ҴңΪæµΪæµȴо̻ζʵˣӹŵһ˹
쳾ǧǿһǧһ·ˣҲҪɳɷֻ޲öں쳾༸
˦ĺ쳾꣬ôͲˣȻһϳͲ֪ʲôӣǷζ
һЩʲôҪأ߽ʾ֭룬ڿ˼룬˵룬Ҫڸɾˡ
Ǵģ嶼Ѿȥˡ»ص죬һЩҵҲͲȥرǿʲô
˼ѩر춯ųҵɡ־Ͳ˵ˣ־ѱ䣬Ҫô˵ʵ̫죬Ҫôǻʵ۳̫ˡ
ǣʱˡ˹룬£ҾˣֻǮɻϰռ롣
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һ壬߹Ϸãٶټˡ
ò˵߾Ŀǰ˵ȷǾ֮ˡãӪνһԵƽǣбƵ
ǿ˼ѩھһرȻòӺǿ־ľԪɣΪĸҲҪߵɫ
ǲûͷԺͲˡǿûͷԺͲһǧǹܣҲҪغ
Ҳ˼ѩ;Ԫɡ׸ΪĹٴˣԺΪٴˣĻʱˡ
һʮ꣬ȻѳΪ೯͢س֮סʱģҲηˣҲԺ˷ˡ
۱ãʱйٹٶӵʱ֪Ĺٿϲ̡ˬ֮࣬пѹ˽ϣ߳Ϊһָʹ
Ǯ˾ɣǵȷ
һףҪȥӪȱ¡
˶ڰһλ޷죬Ҳ޷ĥ˰û׼⻹ԭǹġ
ԹȥҲҵӡ֪߸˺ˡ
ѻһٷȭĻӣ׸Ժ⳯ڱ¹ǰλᡣǾµһҪλͷ
׸˱ȭȻǵʲá
Ŀһˣˣߵرͽˡ
Ԫɴ㵣ˣ㲻־
һ٣Ȼͨ˼ѩ࿴һۣҪ־ǣرԿЦʮˣһϹ


175 ѩҹ
챩ѩ磬˾Ŀ񱩡
Ӱ·飬һȭ죬ķѩˣǰʮһ䣬ѷԸˮʳ
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ǧüǰˣѩ̫󣬲绹ţȻǰ
ѽѩ̫ˣҪΪһЩһЩ붼Ҫˡѩ֮ʮⶼֻоԲ׵
ϱϱߵˣûԹֿͷȻȥѩҲֻ֡
÷ƽǰǱһѩǣ˵ǲǡһ䣬Ȼǹע
޵Уʿ䶥סѩź
߰ľϴˣһȥԮ¡ǽų̲ǣԺ
ҲáĽų̣ٶȶϲϡ֪һ֣ų̶ս
ԼĪʮڣھʮԮʣµĻˣǧҲû˵𣬱̤˵·
ǵһо൱Ĳһ˳Եģʲôס
Ϊص㣬Ȼһ֧ٷӦӡϱȱսһ˫û⣬˳ԵĺȵĶЯֻҪģתսʮ¶ڻ¡
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лᣬһҪ齨һ֧Ƶ־ӡ߷ݵĽ
Ҫ˽£Ȼһ·ϴƤ÷ƽˡһ·ǶסѩǰҲһ߿ٵѧϰʵ
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߼ھͰѹھƹھôҲǾؼս顣
ҹϢʱߺȻ𣬲֪ˡ

䣡䣡䣡
ʯһľʯɽͷײһкΪ顣
ģӻҪҪ˯ˡѪƿڴ
ٻҪȥɱһӡһ飬һ߷ɣͷ
ģЩҧгݣһЩ鱨ǾͲ˱ˡ
ˣȻ̫ǵıʣҲ֪Ǳò룬ǵʱñҿƣİϢˡ
һߣʵӰս¡ȴǣƣ޷ֱԮʵۡ
ԭܼ򵥣ʵ۴Ӷʮǰʼ˸سǽҰսʵϣ˸ҰսسʵҲϾسһܴˣʧķʽ
һΣȻǷֱǣѰҰսᡣֱ޷Ԯʵ۵ĺ
ϽĵһߣƵΡ
ͺñڣǳıҰսڲһǣƱǼأֱܷһȥԮʵۡ
ڽʾ֭ʱҲûͣţɧһᡣȻǺɱЦ˶࣬ʲôקġ
һҴҵĸϹ˷Ըһһġ
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ȻһƿաһҲԶܣбһУ׻һĿѪ׹䡣

ͬһҹǧҹ·սݡ
ʵҲһ£ߣסķ̫һĸģ£չӲҪ
ǵءʵ¶ƣ㲣ڰ죬ǰġ־ҪʿǷ񰲶Ƿ񰲶
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ۡ͢λʵصظһ顣
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̸ڳǽϣŵƽߵ΢⣺ˡջǽҲǿˡ


176 رһ˫
ѩһҹŰöˡ
Ϣʱ
ɿߵǧҹ·ıһƣķһĻϢ
ˣ㿴˴ĻΪµıǶѡһõҲѣһ򣬱ʱҪһЩ
߲סصͷҲƣķһԵȼ׼һЩůůӡҹоҲƣҲѳܡ
жԶ
ԼӦԸϵ
ɡ÷ƽҡͷִǰ񣬷Ǹϵʱ򣬸޷ս
սҵģֱӸϵˡҲҡͷҪĲǱƷǱȻʵλɱ¾
ߵ⣬˵Ǹȥܣ˵ϹȥĿΪѣҲǼ⡣
ǿҲܲס˼˶ڣס˼һҸơǧܸʲôҪǾһ̲ˡ
˵ˣͺдȺܡ
÷ƽ⣬ûᣬһѩţһǿһҹƣҲûʲôӡ
ĺ۾ȻʣȻҪߣ
ץסСֻ֣ĥϼֱļ£Ůˣˣҵʮ֮һˡ
Ůߵһ㶼бܺÿҲܰסعȻûбĸһ˫ۣ֪Ϊҹ·Ϊ˱ġ
ߺȻֻǾһ˫һЩϼ֣ررһ˫֡
عﴹףſ֦ѩʶĻȥˣһ᲻ֱ˵ģһ
ûҵǿѬգ治˵ˡ൱޳ܡ
ʧõİƤˣȻ֣ߵͷˡ
۵һĨЦ⣬ܴһ𣬵˵ЦҲǲһƣ
˺һᣬ߲Ŵ̤;ǰߺȻĵȻƭģûߡ
عһЦһ£ƭӡ
ߣΪҪƤǰѳҵĲĵĲ

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Խ󼱣ʵܣôܳɣǶͷ
ҫȻףԽסǻʵۣһʵۣǻҶʵۡسǱƵҪסǰսҲǡ
Խƿԣӱ߿һԼæȥѯʡ
ҫۣһȻɨԶӪϣεģҾ㣬ұƵ£ĪҪǣ
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üһʵҲδ̫ˡǱƹֳôҪ޵ģܶõǺõġ
ûжʹڣƾʲôԸʵ۵ĴӪ
ҫ̾治ߵһʵӱ߿ͷţʾƣظеɼ
ڸʲôӦõִġڶеı£ɽµıԵ˼
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ӱ߿競ҲɵȻת⣺˵߼ʱܵ
˵׼һթ˵µʲôϬ˵ҲִܵˡϣʵͷԼеۡ
ʵסûбƽϢָͿˡû򣬾Ϊǳϡ
ҪȴӪҲҪԶ
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ˣ
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ɫԣȫҶɫԡҵҫȼһû
ҵˣܲ٣·Բס΢Ц֣ͬ־ǺãҺܸ˰㶮ģɡ
󽭸ʿãȻ޳ܼһʱ򣬻߿̣Ĳӵ
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һȺȺãȻˣһȺȺǻɫˣһ൱޵ˡ
ΧȦȥЦ⣬챱سǡȻ׿һۣٻһۣ²սۼ̾һ
ãˡ󺰣ӶԷķӦڵϹˡ
˼һᣬһƾ㤣ѿڣǵ£֪ˡһˣǸδڼ顣
Ǹڼ飬˭

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ʵ۲֪ǷʿЦããޱ֪вŸɣá
־棬ļܹĶʿĻ˰ñһ·ŻʵһլԺ
һУʵ۵ɫʱͳȥߣΣ
ƽϢ߹
ʵ۵ɫÿһЩŵ׷һϸڡҲǴŵһ˵һȫѺʵ۵ü΢΢һ
ʵĿѲӣ̾㲻ġ
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ҫƮȻĿⶨϣ̧鰴һ¡
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ƺҫԤУ¶һĨˣʵۣǴӪȻҪ


177 ޼
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ʵһһҫǰһһֵɭȻʮǰʧȥΨһáΣûһӡ
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ʵ۵ĺȻҫ㵳ԾȻǿЦɭĿⶨһ߲ұѰʵۣ֪·ˡ
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ҰģȻ֪ϵʵµնԴҲΡǱƹǵжԣҲ֪ԱϾǱƵĹ
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ҫûж˵Ӫʣӵ˵ϸ˾˭
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ڰ˫ɷġҪǣǰڧƶġ
ҫסüͷϬҡͷ޻ɡӱ߿ǶԵģ˲̫ǻʵ۵Եס
˭
ҫλúϢһʤܡ

ĬȻ˳ƶΣڻҰҡ
èһϢظںߡ
Ȼʣ˵Ǹˣ˭
Ҹо̸硣룺Զˡ
̸ǻʵߵˣȻϬͬ⡣ʵáһҪƶڧȻû㹻
ִһţȻܶ鱨޷㵽ܽӴ鱨ģǾֻвޣ֪ͬԼָʹ
ָʹĸ̫ܡѵʢ¥


178 Сͬ
Ҫˡ
ȻһԣնҪˡ
һ̾ĿбһĨЦ³°ܣҶɡ
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ϬЦһڸ׼ƣһڱͱһӣһЩй¶ʵۡӾǱ˻Ǯĵ䷶
Ȼ°ܣʵһȡԴйߡǱһʵ۲ɱҲйߡ
Ȼ³ɣ͸ӻһѾĥõˡ
ϣ㲻ġпЦܻ¡
νòãҾ뿴ʵôԽԽáϬЦͲʱ򣬾ѾԤ˽졣
ʵۻһ̵ĻᣬֻһվͿǧʲôطǷмֵԻǧϬҲǡ
գձˡ

һȥкһ£һЦС򣬹ˡ
覼Ĵӻ¯һҪչ˫ӭӡһ˧ķ˦һȥȻҰ˦ڱһпҸ
ڿʵʱһˮͷˮˡҸ˯ʱͷڱϣҸӶʱһ뵰ǰҸ
ӱӻһľĻʵҸˡ߻õ˯
覴㵵ı쳣֮ɰСϷǾίޣҲúЦ־òԣЦҲ׵ᰡǿ޻Ц
ƭӡҧ죬˵ͻأһȥͺöö졣
꣡観̧˻¯ңڴߡߵִӱקؿֱϣһֻ˯Сè
֪˺һᣬСè۾ᣬֱؿպľ̿ƭӣ˵ȥȥͻ
Ҳ˵ȥȥͻͰҸ£ҲûСèʿСӲסΪ¶£Сʱ˵ȥȥͻҳͻ
Ϣûǣ˲֪ûȥˣҲزˡ
Ҳ˵ȥĸ׵ȥȥͻû
СʵһֻԮСèıסߵ֣ǱסݣҸ磬߸磬ҪҡҲҪٸ˶£ԶҪ
ľ̿ˣСеһЩ⣬˯Զ뱻
ȴ·¾һεجһûˣһ߾ûֶڱƾǵĽֵϣ󲡵һֽǡ
ʱԼһˣ˼䡣Ȼеǰδеůͺԡ
ҲаȫС
С쳣ȫкʱԺۣȻСһ첼һǹңôܸ˯һϡ
Ȼ˯쵯ӣ̲סֺЦ߸綼ôˣȻ߱ءͷֺÿ
Ӧ˦ͷ״ʵƮᡣ
ϸһᣬŪƵģָͷߵüëִΪѽ⡣ΪʲôҶ˵߸Ƥ񣿷񰡡
ۣߺȻʬһ󺰡
СҽһŵµȥñһסţŷŻ
û˸߹㣬˵ͷ𣡻ŶһѾͻһߵЦŭСһ١
Сһᣬϴһһɾ·ֶסǰĽ
Сסڵֲ覡

˯һ죬߾ͷ쳣ܡ¼ˣܿѻ¶˽ˡ
߲ڵ⼸죬ʵ۴߱ϣ׼ѲߡسǱ½סȻǻҺļҵʵ۸߶߲ˡ
Ǳ߶ٻĴ룬ָʵλǻ࿪ԣҲһֱڵȾǵϢϣʵ۵һϣ
Ȼ汻Ӻͻھǵ֣֣ʵ۾֮޻֮
Ϭĺܶһƣѻʵ۶ƽȥˡΨһû㵽ģǻʵ۵ĴӪ˭û뵽ʵ۾ȻѴӪȥǡ
߾ͷѽˣʵһֱͦţƵʲôأ
Ȼ£سյΧٻһЩӰ죬سİմ磬硣
ǣسʳȻУڴģȱʡߵҫٹ˼գÿնʽ
ʱɫ磬·־ͱһЩǣƲ죬һдܣֲ־ͱս
սǽա°ͣƽϲ𣬻ʵҲȻˡ
Ӫڣһ̫࣬һԺʵֻڣһܣȫûô򰡡ˣҪ·أ
Ψһܰοǣʵߵ١ԪǿܿⲻڡӦܴһ
߽üȻɳȻһЦ֪ΪΣĻԺתʵ
ʮ죬ƳõְдӪıúʹӪɴǻʵӵĴˡ
Ĺ˵öԣôȥþӪʮ꣬λûλˡ
̸ˡĵ˵һ̧ͷãȻ̸硣
̸Ȼһ΢Цʾ£ǰߣ߸ߣ֪Ϊ㣬㣿
Ǳµ˼գգۡ
̸粻ÿɷ񣬵ȻϳǽΪգ˭ʤ˭ܣ
ǲ˵һʵܱܺ񡱵ɬۣǾͱۡ
սؽӰԶ̸Цţɫӣ߾ȻҲܾ߻һЩ
սڼûʲô˵ģ̸翴Ҳߡ
ͷԲ̸ĿƹֱԾˡ
Σֻ̾¾ֱˡ治Ҳ벻ͨΪҪ£ҡ
̸纬Ц߼˹ң¥ʢǱǴˡȻǰûµǰҽãȴһСĵܡ
ûһСĵĵľܣǼʱڲСĵĵľܡŲţˡ
ңʢƶʵǼʢͽֻ¡ǡھ﷢һǡҺ˼룬һСĵ뵽ˡ
̸ʧЦһСİ
ҸӲߺͷ۵һĨ峺ԵգΪҪڰ˫ɷͼң
߶˵Ǵ˵˽ӡҶǴ˵ĳ˰ɡ
̸Цݲ䣺𣿡
ҸӲԻ󣺡Щ׳Ϊʲô㡣ȻӱŰйʼԣǶԡ
̸絭ȻΪҴû
ͺýˡߴһţЩ׳գѾܾˡ·˼ڿӣһء
ǹؼ̸΢Ц޷µЦж䣺֪ˣҲӦôʱܵͷء
ߴῪЦ


179 ˵Ϭѧ
ҲЦ
̸Цݸ䣬ᣬסһƬѩߺֵģǰ
ѩת˲ڻ
̸ڰʾʲôʲôĵ׿һ¡
̸ûߣȴ۵ף΢΢̣ҲЦⱾЦ
ߺëһըĸоû̸һɲļһȻ׵ؽŪǵˣǻǷǳµ¡
ߺȻˣ˵Ͳʮ࣬ΪδҶ˵Ҫˣ֪Ա˵Ϊʮꡣ
ˣãʱ򽻸ˡ̸ڷƨԪᾫãͳɡ
߲ģ۲һЦ˵ǰմ˻ؾ;Ϯ֪ǷȥƽԭгԮ׼һټ
̸Ц˳Ҳȥ˾ǣ˳ҲϢظҡ
̸ݣȻҲسӣνŰˡ˻þãռ˰
̸絭ȻסҵĻʱֺᷢá
Уһαָʹ㣬һεָʹͣսڼҪһĵá
Ŀ̸ߵľ׽һ仰еƺһζ˼ĥһᡣ
Ϲˣ˼
ϹˣڳΪָ֪ͬѵ֪ᷢĳЩ£̸жǰָʹı
֪ǻʵҪعﶨףӶλհ࣬߾Լµˡ
ףΪƾӵܣԼδƣ˳ùȵá
ʵ۴ԼҲû뵽һɵıĻƯìܼ̫졣ֻǰĳЩ㣬ҴҴҹȥáԳ
δôͷĿһһŮ˵ŮĸҲҲһģԣϱ׼塣
Զһ㣬߾Ӫʮ󣬵ˡָʹһϡ
ڿԴҲ벻ʵ۳˳磬ʲôط¶ɱ⣿
ҲʮָʹǾ͵ּӵֺϲƺҲءû׼Ĳ·
Ƶͷ
ʱХ𶯣棬˵
ɫһ䣬سǵݶϲסԽǽϡȻʵ۵ˣϳǽ
ˡ

ԽڳǽԶʾƯڰգ棬ûˡ㿴
󽭸¶һ첻סڷѩչļһ֣Լĸĸ֡
Ϊ׵ģǻڻ
λڼԻһۡ
־ǧʿ޲еջһڰֲεս㲻ϡ
˼еսغսǾǶûڵĲ˼Ƕʮһ͵ĸ߿ƼӣǾʮ͵ӡ
ⶼһλ棬ô
ٻشչˣǺã
Ϻٺ٣Ҿ˵ˣ˵׼ߺٺٶһٻЦٻǵ±·λʱЦڨڨѡ
ᣬ׼ˡ߿ĵЦҪսǾ·ʱˡ
ʵɫ˵ǾƲЩеͶġ
ԽһЦãͷӲҵҪĹͷӲҵȭͷӲ
ն
ǽһǷ·ţһ㣬иȻ¡ëȻһھҵʩչǧ׹ס
ǽ£Խ˫һչͱһһΪһɴϯ
һХҡ죺棬У
ʵɫһɫ΢ǰһȴ·ȻԽǰƽƽһȭغ
ĺáԽȻ˫ȭһܣһըĿֲХನȻ֮Ĵ˺һֳ
̿ˮ˻ǹﰡҿϿ¿ûڿ⴩ҪڷڹŴǾϼˡ
ҫ΢΢üĿļҺͶ϶񣬵ȻȼȻˣǱ㲻һԿϷǳ֣гŵ
Ľܺ俻࿴һۣڣԴҲǻ࿴һۣһͷ俺Ծǰȥйڡ
Ȼ򣬴ӪһһԾԶһʱҲ·硣
ÿÿʲôǳƬ̵һݾ«̵ĺ裬ȫһˬ
һһЩ˾ǲ꣬˵úƵġĵһǴ۵Сۡ
Ĳⷴù˵
һѵǸɵ㣿ѵҲҪ˳Ծһֱǵ͵Զ͵
߷Ȼʲô񻯸ˣһñڹ껹ߣڲ繷Լ羳ȥˡ
˵̫еˣϬѧ򲻹ˣҲҪñȵ˳١

ˣ
سǲԶһѩɽͷϣһҰ׵ǽ̫ԶҲС
һҿ֦ϣҡڣ֣ұڤڵϢãһܹǲġ
һתۣʮˡ¶ӵĿ⣬ѹֲסһǰ֪⺢ӵ٣ұһֱѰֻǣ˲٣ֻº
ⱱڤڵȻһԲļ򣺡֣ĪҪʮҶףұڤʮû¶棬γһּࡣ
ţǻţƲŻɵǣŻСһ
ֵɬⲻǰοɵ⼸صĲڣλһҪȴǱˡƴΣգҲҪߡ
ⱱڤӵαأ˵ϴǰ꣬İɡȻ˵ͨ
˵ͨΪġüöģƨΪһ㣬ɱͷء
ǣǾ͸˵ͨˡұڤڵϢƺڰб϶ǵˣڤλ͵顣
ֲǲ֪ҪɱǣǾֻôӵʯҪôȥ׷ǣҪôȥģֻ⺢ӵ䡣
⺢ӵ䶼һǰֱ֪
᲻ǺѾûˣ᲻ǻҹǡⱱڤӻһھ֪ˣΪߣƶҳˣ壿
ƾǰ˵ӣ϶ûôǰ˼롣Ȼͬˡ
ڤӱȭЦֵܣҪȥˡ׮ǰﲻϣұڤʼڱƹϰ
ʮ꣬Ѿˡ֣л
ڤЦЦתȻȥʣĬȻü⺢ˣ˭Ǻ⣬ǡ⣿


180 ΧһƷ
߳ǽϣߺ䤱ȻһԴһƬѩһԴӹһƷ˿
Щȵĺ˵
սѾˣһĿֲڽı£ѩ˵һĴڡ
һƬƬѩȻһס͵ǽϣϸСѷ
ݵˣ˰ɣ߸оǽҡʧɫ˰Ƥһ£ڿһڳǽ£ĿɿڴؿųǽȻ֧ı
ˡһĺХ塣
ҫ·̫һҫ۵ڰգɨسһۣһطٴҪⲨ޹˵ȡ棬˵
ʵ۵ػһۣһط
¡һ£Ӱƿն𣬷·ƶһƮȻȥʣµĿ꣬ԼһƱƱĿɿڴʿǡ
һɧҺ󣬳̺ͷУΣأ
һᣬƤŴУҲˡ

ԼعĺУߺȻһЦ
Ǳʹһ⡣ϬӦñʵЯɣһʱڻʵߣǾͶˡ
Ǻˣһĺˡ߶Լǿԣֻ̫ˣѻʵۺȫˡ
־ҳһţҲһʵۡԣʵ۵ʱйȻ顣Ǿ仰ô˵ģ㣬㲻Ҫǻᱻġ
棬һ·ϵʿСУֻȥʵˡ
һ·ȻǱ룬ȻһСۣҲû谭ʲôһң֪ǣǡ
ֲǡͷʵϲסʲôֵأСүרҵֲֻѵѧУҵġ
Ҿ֪ɺ¡ǱסĵطǱʲô³һðһ۾ⷢȷ硣
ôˡſںߣ˵ڿΰٲү˵ģ϶֪˭
³˵ͷһ·ȻϡˣţͲˡ
ֲ³˳Ϸ˵Ļѻ̫ҡͷȻšҪ˵š
ٲȻһƹСӣ˵Цô䰡
һ䣬˷ܣҵˣһ𳭱µļҡ
³̿ˮ⻰˵ãһ٣㾿ʲô
ҵ߹ЦӴҳһ񣬴ȡһʺܶصľᡣ
һҾ֪һתˡϲá
Ƥû֣üЩһﶼ⵳ļֵ
ıʲôˡҺźţͳ֡һòľܡƱֻа
߳һߵ³˴󺰣ˣﺰؼҳԷ֡
³ѹæ߰չĵĦһ£ϱߵͼĸо̵ģøˡ
ϸ˼һ£ȡһǰھ׼ġһмַܸƣѡʺϵġ
ȡһصϣһֽϱߡСˢպһһˢȥ
㶨һ˧մմϲĴɸƷ³û㶮˧ɹʲôȻϵ
ɵͼһһ֡
ҪѸƷƷԻ³˶ݣɣ»ġ
Ҳǡ룬ȡ˸Ʒϵļһȴû֡
ſڣߺȻ侭ҵġ©֮ɳĲб°ͻһۣ˼һİƷ
ʽ֮һĲбȻҳ˼

־ͱǾȻ
ĵȲ֪ʱ˶һ߶˿Ҫһ¡ЦЦʱûƢ
ǰǳûж̫࿴Ҳ֪ȥʲôطʱϽŲš
Ȱڰ֣Ծڸߴ۲һ£ǧ־Լǧһǧ֮ǰųѲģһس֮
ڴ󽭾ΧǣʼǺͻƳȥ
°̸ֻͣͽϳȶڣس٣ֻߵĴ󽭸һ
ǧ־ǧµǲһ󽭾û˸
ڳ߹۲졣¶ڳ۲죬µĽ콹ǲ췴ͳԷ󶼶绹Ƚһ¡
¶ҡͷһĨէȻСǲƣҪ˵
һг֣¶˵ǣǲ¶ΪǺãΪҰ·
¡¶ʾ½Ϥ£ֲ֪ǿ໹˷ܵĸӣڻߵһˡҾ֪нա
ˣ국سǡ
£´󶼶ս꣬ʱ¹һγһߵһνǲˡֻ룬³°ܣΪҵĲһ·
ģû֪ҵˡҫǶΪ˵㣬˭֪ҵˣЦЦڸǲסһԹ
ҫֱȻ°ܣҲضҪ治ǵ
ֵһǧӺʣûаҡȻƾ˸ҳϣ¶ƾʲôƾʲô󽭾ʵۡ
¶̾˿οĪҪģ³°ܣʵ۶ûôˣȻãɣʵһҪԱ񡣡
¶̾ϢֻǲֺαشĻǵĶԸ£Ͼġ
ף
ˡֱĴϣʲôѵգ°ܣҲڱһӡƲʮ꣬ضա
ߣɫһ䣬Թ֮ɫ¸֡
һյ֣ǰ
ߴԶľͼĻ֣Ϭ磬á
ݶҧˣסŭһڣ˵㿴һҲǡƴҶ࣬ȥǴΣ
áϬ㵣һֶôǿΧ۾񰡡
Це֣ĵˣԼһ̵׷°ͣ⣺㲻ھ㣿
ֺҵûָܻ뿪ֻҪۿʵб¾;ɱҡϬߡ
Ʋ죬Сĵظ˱־룬һ·ȥᣬһ͵ɽϿһ󰼵ڽ֯ս
𺳣⻹ǡ׳۰

ʮһƱһ֣׳۵һĻ
ʵ۵վһ͵ɽ±ϣʱһȣ۷
ϣʵûжõϸĹ۲һᣬȻ˵
֣ƻʵ֭եˣٷˣȻûг
һطȻϥڸɾĽϣһĿ֦ȷͬʣҼǵñƺе֮ӦԿˡ
ѵ˥ˣȻƣµͷܶˣѾϰÿһγ±仯޳ˡ
Ȼ룬üƻʵۣ鷳ȻȻϽһ£ұƽҡ
ͬͷ


181 ڿӣ
һĴƮ͵ʮĻʵ۶Уʵ׻ɫȻ䣬һɫãȻ
ʵ۳Ĭ˼תǧءȻ󣬼ҡͷ
һСңҵ۳֣ⶫֻȴû
ƻʵ۵лϡ
Ȼûϣֻüһ±㵱ûֻ΢Цⱱƻʵ۵Ǻš
һЩ졣Ȼüʵۣʵϵ֮ǿңһһĸо
Ȼƻʵϵ֮ȴܵҲǿҡ

Ҳ˵ȻĴʵɶ𺳡ߺϬһߵɽϣѵƵģϬȻʹأ֪ļֵ
°ͣЦЦ˵ʲô
ǵ˽ˣû˱Ҹ˽ֻԼʲôֻԼϬĿҪ䡣
һͷβķӡΪ˴ﵽĿģɱĶӡ
Ц˵Һͻʵ۾˾˵Ĺϵʵû塣
ϬؿһۣƺʲôҲЦˣ¶ˣҸոշ֣ҲŻʵۡ
һ¾йͬˡ߲ϣ
Ϭ˦˦ԴùŹ֣߱ʵ۳ˣȻǲΣܶ˶֪ĸзǷšǣ֪Ҳǡ
գգۣͷһۣǶһߣ
һֱʼջһ¡һڰ֪ʲôɹˡۣǾͰ˳
֮ˣǺгɾ͵ġΪ֮ȻͻΪԽߣԽ졣
ʵۻһѧǼܴﵽžΪһﵽžֳͻʹﵽٽ㣬ɡ
Ϊ幫ǿžûˡ
Ƥӣô˵֪ǿʵˡ
ϬɨһۣҲһֱɣĶӾǷܣ˶
һսȻʼղѵ֤
˼˵Ҳеͷʵڣ޲Զһ㡣Ͼ⣬ԽճԽŨңԽá
ܱʵ۰ȫ֮ܵѹΪӽʱڵĴֻ֣ܻһС
һʹ²ѧˣȻߵȻһξͻĹ⣬һʩչͿڡ
ʵ湻˼ء߸пǰ·ӹ̫ѽ˵ǣ˵ǻʵԲ
ĲˣΪӴ֮ʹԵ£ߺȻ׷
㶼ûˣܣߺȻ
ܲˡϬ飬벻˱ƣ·һ˫Ҫɱҡһ٣ڽѵͲҪҵ
ۣȻ죬ʹ졣
գһôĿӣ뿴һ׳ջ
Ϭɫ΢䣬ЦǷԹ壬ҷ֣Ǳߵˣ˵˲ٰ
ϬΪɣ١սַչȷȽ΢
֪Ļ⣬һߵľŴڣǷֳĲΪսǲʵߵŽᡣ
ΪսԮɣ߹ʡ
ǡΪΪսĹϵΪ֮ĹϵŴϴ඼һЩơֻҪǡʱ䲻ǡľԮ
߻δ䣬վµĻʵۣĿѲӣüᣬȻȣҫ壡
ҫʱ·ȣȻϢس󡣳һڵĿֲսת˲һս壬ıһӺ䱬
汻̸Ԫסһʱãз֮ģҲڿսͷˡ뵽ҾȻһ룬ͺȻ͵Ϯ
һıͷ¡俵Ļһͱǿд飬һ̲ؾǿԴһٵϡá

һ͵Ϯ˭û뵽ʱޱȡ
ĵĽܺʹĹԴëȻХ죺ҫȻǲµ壡
ҫˡԽ𺳵Ŀɿڴ
ҫ̹һֱײһѽһɱҵ塣ʱ⣬ʵ˵ˣǼ£˲֡
ԽķӦ㹻ˣǰµ壡Ľܺ͹ԴȻҲ֪÷ŭǸԹù
壬ڹȥɱ֤塣Ȼˣһ룬ֱˡⲻ
Խ壬֣ҫȡȻʵյĽȰ㶫ˡ
Ȱìͷ⣿Խδؾ͸ģκΣʹļѾˡһҧǰȥ
̫ഭϢ˻ʵ۴ȣļҵֻҪһЩʹˡļҵı
ļҵ˶ʱ
ʵ۵ҲҶһѣͶ޻᲻ǣͿǸҲҶˡ
ɽϵߺȻĴЦ˵ļһ᲻ѡ
ϬЬ׳һ֣ļҼֻڡûļңҵڻ٣ûаȫСûȫУ˵ᷢ衣
ڻʵȻ׼սʱ򣬳ǻʵ¶Ҫң򣬸ļһЭǱġһļңҲ
ʵۣļҸһ̡ļҵ˵óһңı
߰Ľܺ͹Դɫ䣬Ъ˹ĿȱҪӶݡκΣһʱ൱Ķֲס߶߲
ΨһӶݵģġıս鼼ʺ磬ۿʧʱ
ߺȻָ̧ͷǹһָžһ£ΰˡ
װɽһӰϮ졣¡һ¾𣬾Ͱĺ¾ͱƻ
áΰúáʵ۳Ц޵
ΰ㲻ǱھǣôԽԺѿڡ
¶һĨЦҫһΪġʵ˵ҫ˵ס
һʱת
ʵһߵĴھףϴӪλ;ԺλļҵڣһʱʱΪʮһڡǱܶõǿ
ʮһڣȺŹڣǸǶôҵһĻ߲ʤꡣ
ΪǾӮˣĹԴϢһʮƿХ
ЦԽ貣ǹԴһͷһźšΪȻǻʵ۸ǲµġ塣
ϬĮķһЦҲãҾ֪ƾ̡ǽգҾǷҲµһ
ĺ֪ɱ׶ӣΪʲôǣǡۣ
ʮȻȻɫһ
ʵޱϲɫ䣬ȻƽգˣǾòˡ
˵ΣҪһٽ⡣


182 ƤСﱤС
ϢԶܿ죬ܿؾˡ
߸оһֲֿϢѹܲڿУ·ϰһ㡣
ۣ߸п˹ȻӳˣھͰˣȻҲ͵
ѹֱƺͶỢ⡣ңҲ̲סⶼǰǰĲˡ
ҫ壡ʵۺȻȣ̧ڲһиƣɭȻɱ
ҫͷХɱ
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Ĵڣ赭дһֻ̽ͻȻļл£һֱӰһļڵźϡá
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ʵɽ±ϣһ㣬ʧЦļҴˡûļңǵȻ᲻ǹȥ۹⣬ȥжϡ
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ӷžıһͷɫ뷢ȻָɻҺڡ͵Ӳסֱ˵ĸоͺ˲˶ʮꡣ
۲Ȼŭ֮࣬оϢ仯һɨӣʯ֮ʶݣãмƣ
ת֮ʣ̫ƽ磬Ͱɡ߰ӣȻᣬ߸߳ͷ
һΣһƿճ۵ߡֻһĽ֣һֲСɽȻನƽ

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ûҪٿˡȻҲһ壬ΪĬһ£תʧߡ
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ҫŲǿǣȣϣһɱۣ
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ʮ챻ʹĥáҹҹ룬ҪαҪĥ
״ĺУϲɱ׶Ҿ跨ɱˣĺҲҪҪ
ҪɾǧŰҵҾʹݻϣҾͶҡƵĸ
ĺһֻ˶ʹҰǣһ
˼ƽϣѷˡǣһ̾ϢƳ㡭ʵǵﱤˡ
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Ȼ֣þáûˡϴǶܵʱĶˡ
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ʼ磬һ˻Ǯֺ˲Ҳա
ƳʵҲ뺦ġʵҲġ
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ңƳɫ䡣
Ҫϣǰ˵Ҫʵ۵ĶҾ²ˡߺν


183 ̸˵£ƫ
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ĺܽթܴϻۡƳȻʵҸû֮ԡ
߰ڰ֣ˣ˵ʲôҶں
ʲô˼ΪӦֻ˵ƭˣû˵ŹƳȻ̲סЦ
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һеĲһ˵ĹŹھܹ֮Źֵĸо
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ǣ˳ֲһ顣
ʵЦݲģŶ鵽ʲô
̸̾˿ЦݣСĲ鵽ƫˡ


184 ̸ʰ
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ʵ¶һĨп㰡ʱ̫Сģʱ̫Сˡ
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߸Ұ裬޷졣̸粻ҰıǾдա

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185 ȥ绨ѩ£ڱѩ
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Ѿˡ̸¶΢ЦЩʱһΪӡǸʵۣۣԸ
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̸˹ķһ˵ζЦ»֪˵һ仰
˵ֻҪԸ⣬޳ڡ
ҾͲɵ룬ͱһĸͬԡ̸Ŀʱ⣺أҲԡ
һѵƳʵ
ʵʵһͨѧĳ֣
ͺܺΪðˡһ֣ܳδؾܻñӾá
ʵŭ⣺δ޻̸֮֮
̸ɫ䣬ʱ룬µӵǱأΪ֮ĳͻɵģܶ˶˵¿ҪˣȻ󣬱ֳ˺üꡣ
ʱ롣ӵǷΪֱأпܣʵ۵ϲ谮ľǴϻ۶츳Ķӡ
ʵܳڣӽûеǻϣµ´ĺ
̸ĵ£һΪ˰ҵΪ˳Ϊһ˻ʣȻʷĺ¡ԸΪ·׷
ֻǣֶ̫ˡΪ˱סܣɱ˶ӣֺӡҲϡһĳӣǵһ㰲ȫжûУҲ֪ʱͱͱӡ
ʵһ̾Ϣ̸磬ͶĻˡΪڣΪǽղ˵
̸̹ȻΪһֱڵȻᣬ̫ˣÿÿߣ˺ܶ꣬ŵǿǵĻᡣ
׷ɱȥˣ׷ɱȥˡʵߣֻʣһϳߣƾһбĮӵ
ʵһܹ࣬ѵҲҪǣ߰ױӡ
Ǵˡ̸¶ϧȻýߣңƫˡ
̸ϿҵؿŻʵ۵۾£ƣɵġ˵ǲˡ
ʵһ˵ζЦݡߺȻһ仰ʱʤ
ûлشʤƻشˡ
ҲǲŲߡһ
̸ҡҡͷʤϧ
Ȼ䣬̸ʧһسڻʵǰҵһȭ׶
ĿǻʵĿڡ


186 治
һȭ
ʵɫ䣬Ȼ̸һȭ仯죬񲻿ɵĵסбֵһƣ
̸磬ô󵨣Ȼ·ϣϳɭȻת̸绥תΣԺ¡
ˣ̸ĳĵһֱС˵һ仰Ĺ⾰̸ͽϳл˺üΣλλһ
൱ʵۺȻ̸磬Ϊվ˵ޣϳһضˣǱԶ֪Ƿˡ
е̸󱻵סʱתһ˦ֿ䣬·Ǵɽһ㣺壡
֣
·գɲǣһֻƽ֣仯ɲ׹Ĵ֣Ȼһ£
Ͻױս飡ʵ۶ݡ
壡ϳХֺһ˫֣ɲǱ
ѽ£ǹԪΪʼǲ£ս飬رǲ²ġ̸ʧЦһѵϢӶ֮䱬
һϯ˳Ʊѡ
߼ǲ˼Ǳһһǰ׼õս鼼¡ת۱ӶԶˣűⱻ
ΪõһֵĽϳƺѪ̸ص̧һȭ׺Ŀ£ϳȻƺһ붳Ĵ¡
ϣȻôһϳײĿ
̿ˮ濴̸ΪѧȻ˵ıҡ
̸Ƶķ䣬ƽ£Ҵһʼ;İڵĿ꣬΢֪Ϊ𣬾ͱҪڵĿ顣ƫĵĽ˰ﲻ㡣
ʵҡҡͷ¶һĨɬϽױս飬벻ûΪȴϤս顣
̸ȻȻƭ£ۣԶԶ
ʵһԲʧ԰׵գ԰׵Ĵء̸棬ƮƮһɾгľʲôˡ
ͻȻʵ۱һԣһ߿һ߿ɬ㣬֪ҪȡΪûгۣͬΪûйЩϱ޳ޣ
̸繪£سһ΢ཻʮ꣬Ǿһ顣΢Ϊ𣬲Ҫ˱µȫ
Ǿǳһ£һ¡Ҳα³ɾǧŰҵء
ü̸翴ͦиԵġ
ã˵úáһܺꡣʵ۴Ц˺ããܾһʮ꣬ȷԵ֡
ЩȢӣҲƭޡ
̸ЦЦ֪αʡ΢ȻȢޣ΢գܵĻᡣ
һ͵ŴͷĿûңһʵ۸ãΪ˧þ밡
ʵۣɫȻ϶ɱҲգʶһֻǲˡ
޾ˡ
δ䣬̸ǰһӰӻζʱȻеһǵصĿѹһʽ֣Ѫķڣһĺ¡ɽߡ
̸ǱһԾȴĴЦ¹Ȼ֣һ˶ϲġ֡

ʵ΢ЦţƯ̸硣
̸пϵһݣ΢
þȻһڣֱ˼ǿǧ𣬶Ҫһܸ
ߴľʵ֮ͻ޷гɡǣǰʲôʵ۲ʿžžž
ڣڡ
ڵܳӵȼλǻõȵȣߺȻ̫ˣڼ尾оƴһѡ
ÿƵʲôϣϱӵöôȱ£̯ôһϵ꣬ͬ鼸λӡ
¡һ£ϳͷĴӿһɳ죬ŭХһ֣һϯضƵһ㡣
̸һʵƯգһڳ壬˫һչ壡
ŭˣ
¡̸ȰŲɲǼ䣬һɽͷͬţͱиӱʵ۵Ŀֲս鼼ƽ
Ҳݣ̸ܿԼ̫ˣ޷Ӧ
Ǵ̸Ŀ⣬Լе˺Լʯ֮ʣȻ˾սǰ̸ڳǽ˵ĻԼһ⡣
̸ְԴϵʱ򣬻ʵʼղɫȻӿһĨѪɫ̸磬ΨһĶӣ㲻˺
ʵĿֹϳٲȻ̸ϵһֱס
̸¶һĨӣɬ£˽飬˰¡ֻǰ˽顣
ûע⣬ڼ䷢ʲô
û֪˭˹ϵ΢ֻ֪ǰһܻÿֵĹ֪ΪΣȻˡ
̸ֱӻʵۣ£ܽ𣿡
̸磬˵ʲôʵü죺ȷ˵
̸ҡͷɬߵµʱ䣬˵Ĺŵ˶ĲסĺԻ󡣡
ߣǲĸףգǸˣֻǡ
̸һһ䣬ɳؿŻʵۣ£ʵĶӣ
ϢԺ︡ǰ֣ǰĲɡһǺҲ²⡣ôأ̸أ
ʵ״θŭ֮ɫŭ⣺̸磬޵á뷨һ룬ǶǴ治
ϳһľȻ֮ɫľͷһ㡣
˵߲̫ҿϸòа˳ɲ񣬵һ̸ɬ
ޣ幫˰˰ˣĻǵ˼ҵģǼǴ˰ɡ
ĬȻᡣ
̸ҡͷ£ǲǣ㲻Ҷġ˳һ֮бԵʡ
ԣĲ𡣡̸絭Ȼţ֪Ҳ˺ҲĲ𡣡
̸һһߣһһ棬㡣ӵļҽֻǱߵˣǱߡ
Ĳ𡣡ϡ
ʵ۳Ĭãһڳƣİڰ֣߰ɡ
ҾһʮĨɱģαطĿɳ𡣽գԭûҪ߰ɡһ𣬲ϣǱ߰ɡ
̸΢΢ҲԸ·Ŀճôˡ
̸ȻһתƮȻˡ
ϳҪ׷ʵ̸ֹһ仰ʮ꣬һϡ棬Ҳỵİҵ֮˽˶Թ
ˣȥǳȫǼʮľһʵ̾˿֪˸лꡣ
ߣߵԴ޶ԲĸףҲԲ㣬ĪҪ˾˵ġ
һߺëըֱˡ
ʵ۹еĶ̸ĻˣΪΡ
̧ͷڻʵ۵Ŀע££˭ҺãȻáԵһ̸֪в£Ҷ÷ֱûҼ顣
ʵ۸һĨĵЦ⣺ܴϻۣҲҪѧ١
գ޺ܸˣΪһеⶼˡûʲôֹұƵİҵˡ
֪ΪΣ߸еһִ̹֮Ȫȫ


187 
µĸʵһ飬Ӱɽ
֮ǰĶǵһУûʵ۾ڲᣬϳᣬҲײǹڡ
һǻʵЦģһǰĽϳЩձζˡ
һǸĪС֣׽͸һǴϲļһߺȻԼҾһڻտȫ
˲ĸоǧȲٱ𷵻غ󣬾ͻȻ޴档
£мˡ׷ɱǧԼ࣬ɨһ۷ıԼʮ
ʵͷܺãϢһᣬȥ󽭾ҪҽڣѺ¶ն
ʱǧһƱ󽭾س־ͱƵźһسг󽭾
ͷ־ǧǧ󽭾ֻһ
۾־ǴӰ˸ľ񣬱˵սľ񡣸Ҫ˵ʵһ߻ʮһ󽭾ܵ
һξսòһʱʿԵĴ󽭾ܡ
һݵսѧϰսԾǱһĸдǳûʵ˲ۡ
ǵǧն׳ɹ󽭾ûһͱɴܡ˵һѵʵϰᣬȻǰջúоһ
һοնսɹˣһǷ֣һһ˵նսǺսʵֵġ
˵˸ǸƣʵҲһЩҪ˵
ߵ⣬һ͢ԼǽΪ߼ģڴֱʵۡһµĶ֮
εģǼھӡֵ̫ߣʤڹУӴ
ȻӲʺϸֽҪôɣǾѷˡֻƣһǽã߻ʵߵĴӪ
ϣǸиơּʹãʵȽϿסҪһȥ۽Ҳֻһ䣺Ѿֹˡ
˵͢ʹã൱Чǡġоӵļֵиֵļֵ˭ȡ˶Է
ԴԽһߣһشʶ

־ܴ󽭾£֮֮
һ·ʵ۷سǣԷֵ𣬸ظס߲һƣ黢
ʵ۵˶ڽĵȴ̫Ϣ
ɱ˴ۣǾζ̫ˡǴٻʧٶۣȻ³עˡ
Ƴֻ͢оŴڣмһ˳ĲȻʹˡ
ò˵ʵһӣܶ˶ϲ̵±ġֱˡ
ֻ̫ˡ꣬ɫˣСĶײȥȡһţ˼
̸磬Юҵʱ򣬰Ÿʲô˼ͷ죬ȡһ£ŵݿǲִ֮дġ
Ҫ߲ҪסҵĻ
һ˰ʾҿ뿪ƣһߵ̸ҲҪߡⲻײаˣץ񣬵ôһ
ߺ޺޲ѣ̸磬ͻõùñʵ׷ɱ
⣬̸Ȼһ磬̾ϢȻŹҡҾ˵׷ɱʮ𣬲س𡣡
ǰɱ¶̸磬´Ӧղɱ㣬ڲ㡣ֻҪ˽գȻ·һ
ذɣȥ˵ġ
ʱܳ˱ƵĹ̸·Ǻܺжϣڱƾ̻죬ַӱץס̫ڡ
ȥǲɵġߣȥˡ̸͵Цˣƾزסҵġ
һȰسڲ档
̸糤س˿һҪˡҴˡ
Ȼһʵ֮ǰ̬ȡʵ۲Ǳвˣǻʵ۵Ϊ⣬ǻʵ޷սŷߵġ
ΪλǰأΪλһЩ졣
̸ҡͷ˵ˣζҪ뿪ƣ˭סҡ
ղߣ̫ȳڳɡ
̸ȰǰȻһ

̶һգίʵ̫˴ֲĹ¡ںܶ˶ûܷӦʤľơ
ʵ۵Ĵת̫ҡһΪ̸ۡӡ
ʵ̸ǵй޼ûȫšõˣ޷̸˻ᱳѱơ
ʽ˶棬һߡ
ΣֻôŵĽһʵ򵥡ʮǰƹìܡΣ¾ͳûڿӣ˲١ô򵥡
ʽ񼣺̸أ
ܣҪˡЩ֪˶Ƕûô̾˿ϣԼұһ㣬֪һ㡣
Ŀⶨڻ¯ϣưĹߣɫҫñòϡ
ҪߣҪסҵĻ
̸ʲô˼ǽϵһϯ̸˼ؿһۡ
幫˺ô⡣ȱǰĸף˭һգһ·ؽ͵һֵĻʵۡ
ۣȻˡԽǴͷˣһֱƣԷǸ֣Ϊʲôûܸɵ
ѵվңҴԽģ̸磡
幫ݵ⹫Ҳ߯ǿˣȻ̸ǿ˶ˡ
ʵλ⣬֮ĳͻ޳ڡֱ˼飬ȥưٷ֮һ군
̸粻˵ҡͷ̸粻ˣҲȷ˽˶Թ
ԭǧǻڻʵԼˡ߿ɬϴƳԣһЩܿµĹȥѾĿˡ
ܶ񼣬˽𡣲Ҳи񼵮
˦˦Դ˦ܿһ˵˵ЦЦжôôĽˡ

ʱй
ʵһϢҲѵõЦ⡣
ѹָˣҵⱻһٰƽһıʵеĿ꣬κˡ
˳㻹˶ڣڣһۡôԺյĳɼǻʵҲδԤϡ
ϳʵ޴û˴ĺô˭뵽Ȼðԭ˼ֻѹڵ
Ҫǣ޵˺
ޣĺܸˡʵصǿӽֹǱˡ
ϳü£ߡһ£żܱıһգʼˡ̫ᣬָʹ
ʵ۶ʱҲüҲǣ̫ɫˣˡָ꣬ʹˡ
ϳôЩίˣҲˡ
ϳһΪ˱ưҵֵá
ߺȻһ󻶺ˣˡ
ʵһƼ󲽺ͽϳһȥվڳǽ
װĻԭϣ̫ҫһȺڣƣȴҲ˸߰
Ϧ£̫һ׼߽سǣһ̰ĸо
۵׼Ǵ۵׼
Ҳˣӱưҵһ̰壬ϡ
ӿϳǽ־ͱ˲䱬ɽХĿź
꣡꣡
춯صźУʵ΢ЦеҲϦ£ȫţ


188 һ˵ọ́ı
һʵĶ죬ɫ԰ףҲ԰ס
ն
նһŵĿ֣Įľٸѩ쵶ٻն¡
һſѪܵԴżӸ̨ϹʱǵľǴȻ˺䤱Ȼһڡ
һûԴͷʬһ˱½Ѻ̨ӣȻһſԴ
ߴԽһΪغڰһ죬졣ӽ𣬽δ죬׼˿ɱ
һ٣һǧһ򣬻ࡣ
ʵԳֻ֣ῳһһǧԴ붼ΪλȻʵۣ
ҵķڵУźСĬĬĬĬȥ
죬߷еһֱңͷһ࣬һš
İ꿪֦ɢҶͳжңķ֮һ˻лѪ⵹ǲ١
ҪţҪ˿ڻ˿ڻһ󣬻ĸʹÿ˻ˣĻȡɵĻңǱȻ
һǣܹɱʵҪϴһ˳ٻ帺˼ôͷأѵûѹ
ȻԳһЦɱһٸɱ˷ɱһѵͲǣϵҲкһЩˡ
ǰţǼˣ磬ҪӦġ߲ˣأǱȻΪǴսڵķ˰
һ˴ӳ⣬һɽɽȻɽһ·ļ
һּ˶߷ԸеһЩοһЩסĸܷסĸ׹䣬ζ
һʱʲôҪˡ
һڵϣߺȻסĿڣԾĬĬ¶һ˿Ц
ĸоáŵĸоã

ɽ֧°˼
ؾǣѾˡ¥ʵ۵˼ȸ߷żټ죬ϾǰЩʱҲ̫ˡ
۵䣬۵ĵ˶ޱߵһǿҼ
ʵ۷ؾǣս̸һиԵΪȴȻδѻʵۡ
ԣ̸·٣Ȼһ̸ʧǼգ˽ȥƽԭս£ΪƽԭȻ֣Ȼ󣬴Ӷһٻ·
ͻȻϮƽԭ£ֻʣ²һӵһδݣսصʱ򣬾ǿꡣ
һµۣʱʮһγɹģսݱʵ۵Ѹʵǣ졣
ʵҪֻ̳ڸ;Ժ赲ס
ǿ͸Ļʵۣһ嶯ˣҲû׵ĳͷԡʱûпսھҪս
ʱڷż٣Ϊ죬һЩ鱨Ȼ֪ġ
ıƣƺʵڲϴڸͱԼԺԼڳﱸǮļ±ԼӣȻΪս׼ˡ
꣬ƱȻȼս
ƵҰģѣ˭ۣܿǶûҰģǼֱЦ˶š
ʵۺæߺСԼ˭ûټһΣ̸Ļ˵ţʵҪΪûţǾͶˡ
ߺͻʵֻйһαȽ׽˽µ̸̸ĻȻһҡ
治ءߺȻһĲĻʵۣһۣѧʿѾֹ˱ˡ
鱨ܱ߸ȻԶͱµİգǸ㡣ڱưҡ
㣬־𣿡Ĵɽ屳¶ͷȻʽ伸ˣǾ֪һ
ʲô־£˵ҺıƵġ߲Ų뵱ʵۣʵ۶ҪԴһ㶼档
ʵǸ߷ոѹְҵ档۾ˬˣ˵ʱһʵǺ«˵ʱһʵ򶹶Ϸ
˻ʵۣ쿴˭üһĴλԲã˯šҲѹֲܲ˯ɱ˵Ⱥã˹꣬δ˥ˡ
ź磬ɽлһᡣ
鱼ŵĴ󺰣ֱ׹ءƤһǴ󺰴еķԾ£ʧЦ󺰣ȵҡ
̼ļ˶ݼ֮ڸģ˵Ĳסһ֦ڿնĺȻ˵Ҫˡ
ţ߲ûһˤȥ
ɷʱȥɼɷˣҲĥһûпǿշ¡
߳Ĭˣʲôʱ򣿡
̡Ĳסһ֦Զϣһټ档
ߣչҪߵģԲԡû㣬Բԡ
һݺݵˤڶĴϣȻеʹȴҲЦ

ڶ峿һ˾Ȼ̤ˡ
ߵޱҲãʽҲã֪ûȥλѡֻǺȻãһĴܹ
ļ죬ԺҲԾĸִعһ˿ű·Ļ棬¶ѡʵģžһġ
һܶ߶ߵ·һ־һԾһ
ɷɷ壬ġߵһ·߹羳ҲܿҪһ·ˡ
ţĻʱҲžǽĸˡ
һ궬죬ʮɷʮ羳
߳ƣѰĥºͻơ߳ı뱱ƣѰһµó̡
·һɵ¡ʵ۷·ÿʱÿ̶ڹ㣬ָоᷢҲһ·Ļᡣ
ƣһļΡߵʵоǱƲòڣԼеʵѺһйעš
ϱˣһ׮¡ֱ˹עǾͼˡ
һڰе̫࣬ͺѰѡ
̾˿Ҿ֪ҵʱڣ·ľʱҵǷΪʲôɴһ֮ء
Ϊ˷йһͷĲ죬߼ļ
һ漫˶ʱһ˫۾һңԶĵط۲죬¶ʧ
Ǹ̫࣬ʼ޷⺢ӡȻһϴķ׵ĳĬĬҡͷ
ɽҰУ߱ŵ۴𵴺Զ
һĨЦ⺢ӣǹȤء
̫࣬һǽָߵ֮⡣ǶȻвͨҪ߳ǵʱӴǾͶȻ޷̫ࡣ
ǻΪġǣǾͲضڱڤʮ꣬ʮˡ
棬㵱ʲôأôģƺ̸Ƶʣ׷ɱǣ񻹻׷ɱ𣿡
ֲӵһֵܶѾˡʧȥҵߵĻᡣ
ΨһָеĵǣδˡĳЩɡ
ģһҪĶӾȳ
ְסȭͷ


189 ʵ۵İҵƴͼ
ߡߣ
῿ɬظһΪ֮Ϊ֮Ѫ֡
԰УүķѩһıѩɵİڸǣѪǡ
һʮǰѩҲ޾ʬѪ
һ꣬һ꣬ǳĺ䣬ѩѪǳĴ󣬳Ķࡣ
αƹһĽΪһĸףһӡһ˶ˣʤΪ޻˵ΪʮǰһΡ
֪ġõġǿɬͻںޡ
ƾʲôʮǰǻΪʡΪͼҵΪĲŸɡǼ£Լʵʮ̣ܶܶʵۻǻӵʱ򣬾һֶεˡ
ῲΪȻ֪Ͳ֪зֱûҵϴʵۺͻעݣᰲģǸǰβġ
Ǿֹ£ڻʵԴʺǾҪ׼ܺ
ߵ뷨ܶԣʵһΪѺзյְҵһϸĻʵۣҪһϸӼң߸˿ؼԱ
ʵҪάָҵĸ˿ҲҪάڸ;Ժĸ˿Ҫ֮һ˿
ȻģҵģҸƤϳʵҪ˦ɫɾ͸ҳ顣
ΪѧʿʵҲ׶ڸ˦ӡ佫ǾͲ˵ˡңҲһֵ鷳ʵĲףĿû֪
ڳĬĹ⾰ʵȻˣλ壬֣˷ãΪ£
̫ʵߵӰӣû˻עĴڡһΣû˸Һڷ׷̫ܿĻ
ƢΪţģֱԣʵۣţ£ֻʡɱ˺ܶңҲͰˣΪҪɱԽ
ʵۺȻЦЦλ治Ǽٲ˵飿
㣡ŭһѾʵ۲ǰǸԴʺǸˡ
ʵֻۣһ䣬ԽͻǷһҪϾɱǷһ˿ضҫĿƣ
ʵɫȻ˾һҪ˯žսڼ޲κε©
ῳ£ΪһΪһսϡ
ʵһƿңأ޾ҪĳЩˣȱǣ޾¡
ῺҫĿһ٣ȻǺû
ߣʵҪδߡ˵ö֮ұǾƲġҫ۾һʣʵۣ̬ʱˡ
ôʱǻģʵۺȻЦҲǷȻǡҲˡ
ʵǰһ㣬һѹ¶ڽλߵκ⣬⡣޻Ǿ仰ҪɱߣǾȴ޵ʬϿȥ
˵һʵ۵̬̫ˡҫ㵣ѵ㲢Ϊ˴̼Ҷ֣ߣ
̼ǣʵ۵ļڽ֮ɫǿʮҿʼǲף̼ǣֻ˳ֶΪ
޵ĿģûиıǾǱסߡ
ʵ۵Ȼ֪Ϊλнյ³ȫȻΪʮǰΪҪ
޾˭ҪޱҪ˭
ҫ˴ľʵ۾ԲǿЦӾֻ֮ϡ
ʲô֮ҫԴҲûȻ˵£ԣ˵ġ
ʵüƣİڰ֣λ߰ɣϤˡڹ£ڣǲزġ
ҫĵҪȥʵۺȻ̧ͷסһȡ
ߣұܷɾǧŰҵĹؼһ£ֻλ֪

ڹϰ࣬άȤζְԼ˶֪λСүǲһʱû˸ˡ
ǣߺûûζżǰͲ鷳
ߵԸûʲôָˡʮ죬ͺǻĵ˼άĹԱۿͱָʹȥꡣ
⻹ƽڼ䣬߽Ӫ֮٣ԱϱˣͷǸ˻ǴҵĶͷ˾
Զ˳ŵģȥһŻħһҵ³ԣʵۿΪ߲ء
Ĺзǣɷⲻǽȥǻħûȣȥսǲӽˮʲô
һεıƹңǴһЩ֮ȥѪҲһЩı䡣
ǳ͢ϣ׸⣬һʱڹɣ˷硣һСϢܹ㣬֪ģʵѾ׼ˡ
벻ƾڸ󡣲һȱڸ֮λĿǰĹ˽úϬ
ΣǴ󽭸ľ½죬ϵ£һͨ󽭸Ķ֮λȻգ֪ðĴԣ˵ǽϳΡ
̹˵ú߶Ϊϳʺңߵ֪ʵΪʲôҪϳָʹˡ
һ̸ѾĻˣʧأʵǻڳϹӺӡʵ۾ۣҲðա
ϳ󶼶ǲ̫Ϲأһ㶼ֱݡָ֪ͬתϵͳĵǲȱʵʱ׳Լðٹͷʱͨɡ
һ㣬ʵ۳ܵѹ̫󡣷Զߵְѹ
Ȼ̸ӣ¥ݴָʹְ
Ϊ̸ĻŲޣһߣףûСͯ޲̸Ļţ¡
ʵ۴֮󣬺ܶ˶ڻڴ۹͡۴һǶȣȻǴ󹦡
ڴĹȴǻ񣬺޲ø߲ʵ۵ʹһʷˣˡ
´󹦵߻ûἰ٣ֻԴϼһƷΣһõְĴƷʹ
Ĺĥ죬ԹĶˡ
µڴΪһˮˣ˶Ȼ֪һָʹϣȳ֣Ƕˡ
һָʹڣɸߴʮ꣬ͶˣΪʲôһЩùԱתϵͳǷܴﵽʮ꣬ǾҪʵ۵ˡ

һǿͷ߽ɺܺá
ն¶һỊ̃һһԹۿն̫࣬һҧն
棬㲻úԽһֻŭĹţţ棬ɱұ˶Ļңкεȥ̫棡
־ѩĴ󵶣ɸһһѵζ䲻ȥ
⵶±ߣһڣ𰡣
ڰǸ߸ϵĴү־ǼûֿȥҪˡ
ԽһԻʵ۵ӲɿЦڻұƽɽҽڹ翴̫˼ң
̫ɫ䣬ָ֣׷ɲ
ֺȻֲʹˣһն䣡
µµͷأ
ƾڣĽޣȻǼ򵥵һ֮


190 ʥ
ϰհѽˣ
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ãңòðڳⲩһѣŲһľꡣ
գԽһֵرǮˣοһľꡣ
ľܸ꣬һ߼ս顣ڵľܸ꣬һ˼ͨս顣׬ˡ
һԽϧǲڣǲҹڣǾǿܸһ½װ˼ͨսˡȻΪ̫ֻܸۼ
б޻Ǻõġ𣬲ҰΪڵľôŪ
οͭջ񻹲ֹһЩЩӻʵۿûٿԴµĸ˲ʮ㹻ٸһ֧֧ǿսˡ
ðѲڵľֽΪݣƾһڵǿ꣬һ֧ǿսˡ
ȻǾ̫˷ˡ⾭
˸߲ңϰ壬õĲ衣
ϰЦӴˣտǸ˵úܣײϴˡ˵ССͣɾƷĹٶˣǴ˲áһ֪㽫Ҫָʹġ
ߵعЦʲôƨƷΣ˭ںˡһʺһĴƷʹְ˭ںˣ
ƷʹĳЩʷԵʣΪְ񡣹ְֻ˵κһŵδͷĿ
͵ģʵǿĲţһҪͷʹŹϡںڴֵطһ͹ˡ
ֱõĸţͷĿ졣±߸ʡķ֧ͷĿҲ졣ֱȻҪ߰뼶ʹǾǸһ
ĿǰƷΣƷְһƷʵǸ߹ˣһ㣬ǻ͹һʡԱļ𡣶һʮ˵һǰƽ㡣
Ļ˵ǣʲôɣʮҲǴƷָ֪ͬ
Ҳѹֳ͢ٹĥʮƷˣʮʱ򶼻ڴɿأٶȻҪҪ˻ˡ
͢涨ͣʮꡣҲ˵ֻҪʵ⣬ַܴʮꡣ
ƷʵְʮꣿǾǸһͷʮһˣ۶Ҵλˡ
һڲ߻·ˣĪҪ˵ƷǸλ

һ̵ĺȲ裬һ¡
ʽ֪
³Цû£ǱϢ˵ˣŭҪǱһÿġ
ƤСƲ죺Ǿͻͻǣб£ȥǵ۸һ
߰ԺЦҪٻһʧٵۣ̫벻Ƕ֡ҪôֱӿսҪôֻеͷ
ϰ壬ЩġʽԼ£ҪС˴ǧļҵסϢ˵ȥͶԼҪȴǱơ
￩һ£ϬƳĻԼж˵ıҲʵڲ̫ж϶ĶһǹǱƶһսǾǴ
ԽһʼڱƣһƬغЩǣʼи˰Լֻ̫Цģ±ضа취Ӧԡ
ۣ벻ǱһҲۡƤСľǵ͵ļС
Ƶۣƴ϶£ӹԱգÿһȻţԼеԺ
һȱʧĵҪ˵ƤСֿ֮ǰнսҲԲ
ƽͷΪʲôֿ֧սΪʲôԣ
ΪϵȴѹեͰһֻһֻһҵİңĳ͢ͰգǰԵ档
ϵ֮еϱӵиԣΪǻǮȫΪ򵥡Щϵ֮ǲˡ
ιƽ£ĪҪƽµ˼ˡ˵ƽµ˼ǰңΪı
һе磬ǧҪΪ˾ʲôú
˼ǡʥ񡱣͡ʥһ˼ΪҲ˵˵ѣÿһ˶е۵㡣
ʥ࣬뾳硣
뾳硣
һ㣬һļޡԱʥǶôˡ
ߺȻʧЦۣ۾Ƕ棬ǾĲݣⱲûʲôָܿˡۣǾӰӣ㿴ȴԶ
У˼ۻһ׷񾳽ءƤСȷʾӣҵǳΪۡ
߶ʱ棬ƤҲ̫ˣ΢һ㶼۵Ŀꡣ
ܳۻŶ޴صӦһЩ㰢ƤҲҪʵһ㣬ж󣬶ʮҼ˿ڡ
ôӴ˿ڻʮܷһۣߣһ굮һ
һտʼģһͷͻΪȶǴģҲ̫˰ɡҪһڿڳԣ·ҲҪһߡ
ǿɲǿҡ
ˣ߰ɡ׼ģ׼ˣȥһͷһ۽һǸɾģȴҲꡣ
Զǵ˵ͷ
ڽüСӾ˵ĽթꣿҲϲʴʣʲôĲݡ˵ۺپֶƵġ
Ȼ۵ģ֮£ж٣ϰչպǺһЦ
Ȼɫ˵СܳɫͷҿǸԵ꣬ҲӲʣ־ᶨ
ʽ䣿ֻʮ꣬â׺ͣȣϰҲǵò̫ˡҲѹ֣ʽκһ꣬еţκιâߺĵסˡ
ȻϰЦĪĶˣ
Ȼûϡ

Ǻôѩ
߱ԹϱϷʵе㲻̫Ӧһƽÿһνѩӡ
覹ԹԵȡƤë£߶ϵһЩѩݣѱŵһϤϣʦû
մʦ˵վͲˣĥơ¶һ֮ɫһţһ߻ʦǺټġ
ˡߺϰˣϱӵԱһ
ÿ궬죬úʷ̨ȽϻԾʱ򡣱ƵĶܶѩְԱΪǮ֮ȵȣÿǲ١
ⲻ̲վЭһְΪԵʣ½һٶ˵ع١
Զ˵νﶬһһשĶҪĶᡣ
֪һŮҡȥʽռľڣ
찡Ǻ鷳ûΪһ·ѰѩصġСƨһ·;вˣǾͻװɡ
ãҵùΣڣѾͷĥī
С죬һߺһĥīڣżڲϻϼʣһ¼С棺ʲô
ĺèߵۣС£
ðأõߣصط˸פ䱱ĵĳıսضܡ
һ֧ûʲôΪС򣬺ͨͷ
ʱغȻáصĵһ仰Ȼǣˣһߡ
ߵɫʱ


191 ·Ǹ
ߵƵ
а۵ظˣҪ뿪ƣһߡ
ָ߳û΢ЦˣʱھͲȥˡ⼸ղĵľڣҶú͸ؾӵĲ
Сӣļٵģۣ˵
̸ѹӣ˾ȻˣΪƷʹʹ˲졣
⵹ǣ̸ĸԽΪ׵һƱĻţˣûΣաڻʵҲ֪˲̸ܱΣͺ̸ŶȢһٵƭʵۡ
̸һܣ²֪ٹԱ᧿ΣǱƼչòܶҡ¥ϴȲ̫󣬵϶˵ù
ԼĵϵһɣΨһǡûһ꣬˵߱ͱ̸һ̸ȡˡ
˵ǳֹģûгûһأҪ̸磬ҲҪϰ
֣һӦ˶
֪̫Ĵڣҥԡ˵ʵǱµ˽ӣ̸˶Ǩŭڡ
ҲһȽ޻ԣ΢е̵ĶźΡǰζĳЩ֪ˣδزˡ
ôƳôҲ˲ڶ׵Ĳʣͣʲôܽͻʵ˳ߡ
Ҳš߲ãع˵ǣҪֻҪĳЩţƩӣĳЩ֪Ʃ¡һǴ
ҺϬˡ˵СɣôһҥԡΣû˼ƽϡ
زǰ׳գģԼµ׶Ӷȥһ˽˳磿ƨ
شԣӲϲҲϲҲϲ
Ҫǣˡ˵ȴλã̫ˣȨ̫ˡ
ԣܽ˵󵨲²һΡǲ֪Ƿ¶ԡ
һĻŰᣬȻеһ˼תչһЦ˵

ذһһĳΪεĻš
覼æ˲һɤӣһܻҵľģҲֱԡŴ㲻ںδһΪ
߳ԾʧЦ״ԼƤС˵𣬴Ϊﵽ羳ˡ˭ҷʮ羳ǰ;ǾҶ⡣
Ƥ̾͡ƤСҲûκΣ⼸ء
˵֣δؾ·ɡܲס˵ãû¶ԣǲ¶ˡ
ʮĴƷʵȨ߹٣ϣ类ٹٶʮּϱˣʵ۶׼ᰵ¶֣ǾͲ·һ
ҪǶʮ𣬻ʵһ׼һƷͷΣֻΣΣûְûȨƳ͢һͷһƷϵء
ƷߣƷ繷ЩͳͳΣ͢ٺ»Ȩǰ㶼ָˡ
öǾʵȨ߹١߲֪ʵΪαʵ۰ܵôߣǴƶˤ
ͷƷεĹΣߵĶפأʹ
Ǳһǧ⺷ץöûлʵ۵ĳ磬ҲǾ쵱һʵȨ߹ˣײ˼ѩ;ԪɣҲֻһ㡣
ϻʵ۵ĳ磬˼ѩ;Ԫɣһһǻʵسøֵ߳ܡ
ǻʵ̫ˣϹ˵ѣĳЩɣ治̫·ͷлʵţСӹò֪̹ء
ʣ֮Ƿµʲô
Ųҡͷ߷ְֱ󣬶֮ͳפǱߵĹĻšȻȽ֮Ĳܲڴ֮¡
Ҳ˵Ѳ־ڽء
Сһ֧°Ϳ߶˲ľڣһǳȴǶЩˡ
ѡѰ˵
Ҫ֪·ǼܡΪǾͲڻˡΪ֮ȥϧֻ硣
ǹؿפõߡѡһȴÿһ
һ룬ڱҪʱܳأҪСһܣ̫ˡһ˵ǹƥδܳȥ
ز֪ߵĴһ˼ϸܵˣԼ֪߱ԣʵԴ˵ݣӦѰɣԵʣ
߷ۣΪû뵽ݣ˵ȥ߾һߡûʵô
ǵ̸һ֮߸ͷ֤Ҫܹĳ˾һǾ˵ʵԴ㶺ˡ
ʵ۰ܵԽߣҪɱǾ˵߶ԻʵۺмֵмֵĶ˼ҳɵΪа
룬߾˵һ㣺أҾֱ԰ɡϱλߡ
ϱߣߵƣضʱľˡ
߻ǺֹۡǰûܣзԭҲ˳һЩĴ㣬һľ꣬׬ˡ
ߵеϧսһɫϳ֣ǶͱûûȡپꡣϺ¶ľ꣬Ҳֻľꡣ
žܼջ١
̵ڴΪߣȻ󸴻ǿսһ졣

ڵĽŲԽԽڴСԽԽŨҵϲϢ
Ƶ۵ನȻ𶯣Ȼȴвסģ¥Ҫһϴ
ôСԱ᧿Σʱ𲻶ϣͷһ㱻ӣⲢδֹͣŲһĶ죬Ҷù
󱩷ѩΪйߣʵҪǲ˴ѩиս
ڱѩʩչжκһ֧˵һ⡣ԣսҶȲߣά֡
ͷβǸԱæòɿʱ
æýźףҪʵöСǳ⹦ϸĵоһص©
һ羳ҪһС·ǧѡ
һ·̫Զɣʱȥһ·ߣҪģ÷ַӶ׷
̵·ߣǾǵӱޣ뿪Σõϱǰ裬ǿٷӦֲӡ
߹ٵɽԽ룬Ǿ̫ˡûСһǵҲֲ֧̫á
ؼǣȽӽһȻ跨ͨû뺦˼ҡ
߳°ͣйغһ裬ֱ£ɫࡣô죬裿ǷŤ
ˣˣлᡣһ·񱼽㿴ս
ӥ˾ǲǱ룬跨ضĺԮߡҪǲһһֳԮ
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ˮƻǻƲݷǲݡһһӼͣǺĶ漾ڳɳ쵽ʱˮһܽ
⺢ӣЩӶЩʲôʵ²ʡ
̫룺˴ù񣬶ѧϰָӣԼѧϰʦżȥòһЩڡҲûʲôرֵע֮
Ҳίʵ벻߸жٲԣҲֻһЩ¡
ʵ۵ͷʧЦ˵䣬ʾ̫¡ʵ۵Цһˣסһ÷ŵ⺢ӣ̸Ļ滹ȥˡ
̫΢΢ͷ۽Ƿһ÷ʵ۵ָϡá
̸絹ǲ޵࣬õúܣõúܣʵۿƽƾ˭ܲŭҲ࣬յһЩ˵Ǻġ
˵ջʵֻнϳǻʵ߱ʱǻʵΪ֮ôڳ̸Ϊ֮
޷ΪҲҪòʵۺߵĹϵ
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ʵ۱幫ʮ£ĻʵۻһӣڹլӣϲȻ󵽴ȥ棬Ҳ֪ʲôطѧһЩ߰Ķ
һ˳һѵĲϣʱһѵĵģʱְģˡǾһСͻõҪĹ
ϲһЩ߰ĶѧҶӴ࣬ѧѧܶࡣ
ÿһ죬ζʱϲˮҶһӡʵЦˣһ׺ֵӡ
ʵɫ̣˭û뵽һȻǡʵ̧֣һһһĨ·һȼգ
һ죬һΣģı˺ܶˣıˡһС
ʵۺ̫Ĭá
Ҳһþ˾ˣ޵ȴòԸңĳЩˡʵȻ
̫లο£ֻȲѣһЩҪȥΪЩµģֻˡ
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޵ģǾչ޵ġ
ʵ죬˿ı飬ֻ񾲵ˡ
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ѩ׷ɵļڣ޲¯ʱ򡣱פأУ뻮һź

װӵһ´ǧıʿڷѩǹһͦסİָ仯
ΪһƷ⣬ĿѲӣôһ֧һɫߵľӣܱܿ¡µǣЩгһȵ֯ͼɡ
籱ʷԵʵġһ㶼ɢģµģս֮ϱʡ
û߳ƣ߲֪ڶʲôˮ׼űļԺ֯ԣһһľ
Ϊ֣ס⣬Щѧϰ򣬷ָ֪˿򵥣Ҳһġ
ָһ֧ͨӣָིһ֧߾ӣ͸ӽ
͢ߵξ٣ǣԲٲ¡˸һɫҲ˲̫ͨս͢ȥѧ
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Ϊյĳ÷ƽҴҳֵʱߵľһ
ˣɢһ£ȲĵĽɢЩһս
κΣǱõһˡϳˣת󽭸δ֪󣬽ϳһ뿪ãѳɶ֡
ƿսڼʵ۲ڸ;ԺһʺϸеĽϳáһɱȥ쵼ǲҳ
ٱδŮһսúϢһ٣ÿ̫ʱ䣬ãļҡ
ãʲôֱЦЦǣˡ
˽죬̫ࡣߣʾ˵ѧϰָսϽǺ£ߵǻ˲ս¼ĵãȥ
Ǹ̫ˡ߶ʱüЦ
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˵㳣Գͳġ
ͷٺһЦҡͷʧЦΪнգɱġһ룬һǾǾеľ񡣡
ãᣬеá
ϸϸľ׽Լеһ˿ζָʲô
ǵһǧ±սսܶĲǺϸ졣߰±ܵپǽšپһ
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һ٣ۼˣĹɡ
ˣƮȻȥ
ӱӰᣬĵ˵ǣˣ
Ȼף֮վ󣬷仰¶һ˿Ȼ
֮ҺȻ׽Ҿˣ


193 Ϭ´
ݵҪ
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˵ƣҪ뿪һõܸȮƵɱ
սȻأһ㲻ʧܺá̽˻ʵ۵̬ȣûбҪˡ
֮»֡磬һ㡣ߺȻͷһЦ
֮˵ʲôߺȻ˸߲ҵĺСôȥ졣Թ߲֮Űȥ
ʱһμҴҵŷѩϻˣȴЩӡʼûκǰʬˡ
ûУ˺ô浱еҪһԱȻʬüָһᡣ
ǵģˡմ˵˼˶գһֱûԾͳˡ
ˣ֪ˡǺúϢա߷Ըһ䣬üߵѩ㣬һֿڣˡ
ôӣƳһڻѾеҪʿȻûںͷǰǾ仰ʲô˼
ʯĥˮΪʲôֱУǶϱɽġһ£Ҳ̫ˡ
ꡣ
һƨƨߵܽˣʲô£
ǰǣ緢ˡʮǰ˸ٻ߰꣬ǨΪ̯Ϻ˾ײ˹ʺˣҡһ³¯Ĳ졣
ĸȴҲΣȻĴм޲ΪЧԱҳϡ
һ飬ʲôطʯĥˮء߽ȥ鵽Ȼã鲻ҲûʲôͰ˽ã˭졣
꣬߿һں鱨һһ
ȻеΣܲϣǡһϢͨĻ̵ʱӦ˽硣
Ϊһ֪Ϣ
ǳŻû·ϽϤĶ˽磬ǲȻһȥһĨڣǻһͷײݡ

ùڶ鱨١
Դ˹ϵܣñʾѹǵĹģǶޣط
һޣжʮңһһϵȴǴϱǴֱͷİ
ܣʵǳ͢Ķ⣬ҲûҪͺ˲ϵ⣬ҲûãǶˣϵߣ쿪ɣ
޷ֱͱޣԼ޽޵ĻϴޣǱ㻹ǳ˴һЩ
ӾĴֲڵûٴֲڵĵͼ޻λڱһȻҪӵıһ㡣
ΪʮʡıƾͲСˡٻеĸо߸п֮
Ҳѹָ֮ʵΪг̲㣬·;̫ңԶûžΪ޼УȣҲ㡣
ԼұˣѣĻ磬ҵ޼аû񻯾žΪûָˡ
޼УǰΪǾһݳ޵Ρ
°֮ǰɫҴҵظϻˣˡôطʯĥˮϹϵмУЩġ
ߵ˵Ҫġ
ڨЦһһָͬʯĥˮйأһطˮû˵ʯĥʯĥܶ˼Ҷء
һЩˣһȥһ顣߳
һ˵ȺܿڷѩУһĿĵأһլԺߵͷŪ
ð²ؽһУ̾ȿһͥԺеˮˮ⣬ʵһЩȨҲУֻС£ˮеװΣҲǱһζ
һ˼ҵˮǹһԣ趼ǡ
ѡ˳ûʯĥһȺ˷ܵسȥһᣬ˿ʯĥ
ʯĥⶫһǼҼһУʮ˼ң߰˻СʵΪܶطҪõ
߶һʯĥֿһˮȻһ߰γһѵһˮϣĿ
ˮȻ£һһ֧ܣ¶һӡһ£ͷۣϬǵģһΪʲôأԭ
޷Ǳǻʧ˱߶֪ǧˣȻںⶫˡ
ʾǺܿͰѲˮ˱½ҳ߽¹ػܣϽġһҳȻϽҡ
˱°ͣϸһʯĥ̽ˣҪҪҲҵ
ŹˣʯĥЩһҵס߿ɫ°ˣŲҪӰࡣ
ߵȥլԺš
һһƬƬѩ£ܶ¸ǣˮľ鱻ѩǣ˺ܺܺѩ
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һŮӿƲ·լԺߣȻլԺˮ۾һ
ȻسլԺĲŪĻѩ߹滹ѰˡʱϽ֪Щˣ
߿һϵãŮӺȻǵƶϬƳһǸŮӡ

һı˾ĵ߿ʯĥ˱ȥź֮ˡ
½ȴˣʣЩǴģ
Ц𣺡ʦҪѧһЩʲô
²ʦģһһĴˡֻʦ벻̫Եģ̾ͱתƻ⣺Ϊʦ֮ǰΪʦʱҲûܽˡ
㣬Ӧˡºͽܣһ룬ʦһеϱߵ츳ίʵɫ
δʦǸʲôģ¾ͻһ¡һ˵߾ͻ֪ʦ塣
Ű롣˭һͽܣҫһѧءʦһҲ൱ʦС
ʦҲڱƣûܽˣЦסʦڻ¯ϣСһۣʾϽ衣
ʧЦһӾһʦɡˮ׼Ҳˡ֪ʶ࣬Ͳʵˡ
룬ȻЦеʦ㲻Ǳˡˣѵ㲻ؼһΣ
ûʲôȥġ²ͷ
Ҫȥġ˵ʦǶ˵аۣһһٵ˵ʦûǻȥһˡ
³Ծ˼ؿСͽܰᡣ
ߺЦԼƵʵͷ
£ߵСһۣʯĥ˱뷿ȥ
ΧʯĥתƼȦϸϸýô£ԼһЩп˿ʯĥ
ʯУϸƤġ
ȡƤ¶ߵһȻһᣬֻһۣͷģطˣ
ڶƤ¶ĺȻһѶ̽ʵϸ壬кܳʷˡ
û̽ϸĵĴĳҳһᣬյֵľᣬһգʱͣҿ
ѵǴ˵е´



194 Ƿɳʯĥˮ
֧չϱߵͼһԽٲȻɧײ֬ۿͣǸɲһ˿Ϸ졣
ͷӶײаͷҲ̫ʺˣҲ̫ǹ⻷ˣͺñӸʯͷͰ˼Ǹ
Ӿȱڵֺͼ޷ĶԽˡ
ߵһ֧ᣬǴӻʵ޹ġϸƵǰȻ˺ѵѿڣأʮǰŪߵıһ롣
ʧȥһ룬ҵΪϵԪҲöǺ£û׼Դأ
飬û˿Ϸ죬֧һ𣬱ǡеһȻͬǸƷ
˸߲ңϬҲ̫ˣ˶ûˣȻ׼´⣬಻˼
ʯĥһֱҪƣŻתĹߡ
ˮһˮũҹߡ
Ϭ磬ǰԣ˵ߺƳɼ߿ĥһ£Ȼ
˶أĴ𰸣Ѿ˵ϬˡٲҲΪʬ
¶ָ̽ӽ棬Լнζʱëըˣݲѣý
𣬽⣬Լɹģֽкܴ룬ȴǲʶ
һĨڣһ޷ıܵĸоӿͷһߺƴһ̽ӵƿڴϬ磺Ҿ֪ûûҾ֪Ϭ㲻ʲô
ջţⶼⶼǿ˰
һͷͨһתۣߵɻӭж⣬ݵӾȻһ˸ˡ
ŪߵİΪλиƷƳ֮֡߹ҲҲʡ
ƾ̽ĿܣԼǷ֮߾ٴҲԼµһ׮ȥ
ǰɽʧһ֧켶
̽һˡϰǾͲ֣ǻɽַܰ߸ûҽߡ
Ƴ˺ôһӸ
棬׳ޱȣ

죬졣дغͶ֮Ҳû֡
صĹ⾰æΪͷĿ߶ҲҪΪĳ㸣
ⲻ⼸նæץˣæҡ˳ȥԵ˵ǻԵʵҪҪҲɣְ̰
βĹ̶Եһ㶼˼һ¡϶࣬Ҳٴһ̬ȡ
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һβﶼۿˡ
ĪΪƽѣҲٻˣ˺ܶôȻĴͷǻʵۺͳ͢
ǷֻһļңļҺ֪ȤĽһҵԱʲҵΪӣǱǴԼֵǧӣ⻹ء
ʵ۷͢ҲˡڸͱǼǮˡ
ֵ֪ʱˡѹֶ˵Ҽҵ׺ʵȻ˵زίʵ¡ҲѹʱطҲѹֻʵҪάϵҵƽ⡣
Ȼۣƾһʱƽ⣬ʵҲ᲻Ҷء
ؽˣϲϢŨҰ£ٹæµæµ
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ʦҪؼңȻҪһ͡ǣȻĴŴ˰Сǣ⣺ʦСѾͷҼģ˳һߡ
á¶һСӦ
˷СһԹϱϽȥ㲻ؼˣ
סС죬дšӦңҪһ˵ġε΢΢ͷ˼ǡֲȥʲô
һͷֻǺȻЩĻϣǸʹҹǸůĻ
һʱ߱Ľһϣžߴһߵ߸磬һġ
覵һͣæҵëסܻţʲôŪһˮΰ
ºЦСԴѩкܾõСͽܡ
մʦλǣ˶ˣֻ²ñٵһһŮڣ࿴һۡϯʦ˷ؼңǲֱӦ
ء㹻ˡ²ΪȻֲˣ˺Ϯҡ
ڵĿⶨ覵ϣ˼صͷ

Ҫˡ
ѩǵ԰ֻвɫʵһʱĬȻһ̾ϢǺӣʼǲ׾˾ˡ
Ϊ̸ĻΪߵЩ˵޵Ļ
ء
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ʵ۷ۣδؾûĻᡣΪ͢ЧγһֽݾȨͲƸܲĻѧáţ̶̰˶پ֪ˡ
׿һ۲ڸǽתߡ
ʱһطһ񣺡μˡл¡
һٶβŵȥݣҷ跨ΪЧ֪ٻһЩԹԡ
ҡȻ
ٶ˲豭ԭΪЧδѵһЩ㣬Ҳеĸܵ
ٶҡף֪ȥݳһʱ˭뵽һ꾹Ȼڶ̶ʱڣǣͷѹһС
߰Ʒһʼ͵̸Ĵ֧֣ܵĹ֡һͺ֮ˡ
ı仯Ҫ˵ĳЩûϵǿʵۣΪСֵ˶ûϵ
ٶҲý֪߰ˣǱµ˼Ҫ
ЦҲ룬ҵȲǶĹҲֲҵʡţҲǶߵĶ𹩷ء
֪ѴٶϣȻһЩ⣬ҲԤڡ⡣ò
㣬ҲδܴߵٶжҪˡ
㱨һᣬȻ˵µĹ۲죬ߵƺûиߵ˵֮¡
߿ǹļСغͶ֮Уƺ֮µʲôȥסǷץʣ
ٶʧЦأǶ֮Ļţ߱زŴˡץҲһ񡣡
Ҫһߣǻ治̫ð졣ߣǾֻûôס
СͶзȣ޿ǱȨ˼ҳϧû
ٶüһܣǡ


195 ֪
С߻ˡ
һӷˣ˼һǾټҴůŷ룬ϲкСߣȥҪ׳ء
С治أǱö꣬ûƷôߵĹˡĪҪ˵Ʒʹ춼кܶûˡ
˼СߣгϢ㿴㡣
ʵкԷ߲˼ǣһ·ߣһ߸λСĽַкʺ
Ҧ⼵ʵðȴһǹкӶҪˣϱŶء
ҦٺͷһЦûȣⱲҲָܳʲô𣬷ˣȢϱҲûʲô
һ·ЦѣкԼԺﺰ˼䣬ŨҲߣ߳ԷءϽ
ƵسȥһܳɩĲءǲ֪Щ¥ĲôԣԲסζ
ءɩʢһ뼦ĵЦݸ
ŨգСǴ̼ǮٹٵͣûϾ¥ء߸Ͻϴ
һٷֲЦżЦôһЦѵõһԽһʼµʵо
ϵ¶οӰ죬ͷɵúáûǱ˵һ٣˵£
ûҲҪϵЦϵɫȥЦ⣬һɻƵڻԲŪ
Ũ粻ɫʾһ˵ȥתת
ֻʣߺϵһʱϵ֣㣡һ٣ȴû˵ȥ
ĬȻʶڻ¯ϣסĲңȻʣϵȲ費ϵ㵡
ԹԵȥȲ裬󱭹һϵȻĿһĻңԼ֡
Сġ
չüͷ˫Ź̵ıӣסĺϵ˵Ϊξûܵã˵Ҵӳδء
ʧ񣺡һ·ϣǣֻҪһҪ㣬ûˡ
һĨӴӹҡͷЦ˵һкӡȻ󣬾ˡ
һڲˮǹɬɬζתǿЦϵû˵ǸʲôأһֱǱõģ
ǰڲǱõˣжãǾжˡ㣬ȥãǾϹЦҲڲס۵׵Ȼ
ߺϣڻﲦңһŤǳǳۼʱʱ֡ȴܲ
Ҫʣ˭ϵġ
ȻϵʵˣҪðǴˣ˵Ҫ٣ĿһЩ˵Ķ
֪ΪΣ߸оһ˿εУͷ΢ᣬǿ̻Ǹ⡣ǿЦϵˡǿƷˣ͢öҪһЩأһ˶òôࡣ
ǾǡֻҪðһ˵ġϵĿһĨǳǳڴʧ
ϵʶĲŪң߲һۣ̽ס
ǳǳĺۼд֣磡
ǽϳĵˣЦЦǣҹ𣿡һˣ죬ҲҶӡ
ϵû˵ҲǡɬҾ

ڶ죬ȻϤɽ·ܶӡ
Ϊһߣ塣Ȼϲֻĸо
ɽ磬߸򷢳Ъ˹Ĵ󺰣һͨоͨˡ
ϵղϰ࣬ɽʱصشϵϰС·ϵרעõľ׮졣
ߺȻϵʽǰӹʽʩչʱ͡ľмѩһķһοпĵúܺãȱһЩ;硣
ߴ㵣ϰֻˣ㿳ľ׮ϣһľмûУǲСɡ㿳ϱߣûкۼûǲǴɡ
ԼееѧȻ˵Ǹ꣬Ǹֻһʽꡣ
ϵⱲûָˣ㡣
һɽ·ϣɫұƣҪսˡְɲˣδؾӦù
ϵһǾ仰Σվͻر򡣱Զļҡصضڴϡ
򣿱°͡
ϵĻƽƽ棬ȴܶζ߳ԿѣΣջǸ߹٣ļҡֻҪϻʱ㣬Ⱥ㡣
˼û˵һֱܣңڱס˳İꡣ
İ꣬ڱӣֻ̡
û˱ǸϤˡ
߿ս򾩳Ǳ۵ʱԺȻס̻ϵһϯĺͻȻҲֵһ
ϵ˵ʲôΡ
ϵ֪Ϲ˵ĴڣȻǻʵ۰ģʵ׷Ϲ˵˵䡣˵ߵͿˡ
Ϲˣǻʵ۵ˣ
һ֪̾һ¡ϵһӣֻϵҽˡ

һתۣˡ
óһЩֵˣҲԷżˡҲˣҲҪؼҹꡣ
ߺĵϵȻǻСĹԱΪͷˣȻҪֵһǱ۸һҲҪѧϰʱĹ
һְٸߣʵٳ磬Ҳôִͳ
ôԺ·ڵĲ߿ŸֺɫĵЦЦ豭ҪֵƾͲˡԲƣһ
ռ˷ܴһٱȹ⡣
ϰЦЦǽĵڶˡһ˶عԱһǵϵ
ĸÿһϵһȻ˾øɻˡߵĽܾһ𣬺һƤСļ˵ʲôʲôû˵
ġƤСĺݺݵذѱһң͸³˼˻á
߶űӣָתƣʣϰ壬Щϲ׵ˣû
ŶλˣҲҪؼҹءϰЦǺǡ
ʧЦǼϰ壬㲻ǱˣͲؼҹꣿ
ﶼûˣʣϺһҲûʲôûȥˡϰԳߵĶĶǼҡˣҲƯˣѰرһӡ
ȡһӷϣϰ壬Ҿȹϲãϲ㷢ơ
Ǻǣԡϰ忴ôһӣ۾Цûˡ
ɫȻڲſڣȻףϷʣ߰ɡ
͸һ̫ڲһĬȻѲ豭ֺȻһ΢Ķ¡·ʧһ㣬žһ½豭÷顣
ϵĲĶ¡һɵȻӾѸٸϣ
̫һǹסؿߣһһ䣺
ж


196 ܲǰһ·
ж
̫Ϣһ߶һɲãëбƳ
̫Ŀˣµģ
޹ĿЦ˫һڵϣ㿴µĶô𣿷ҪԼҶŵ
̫ɫɫŨ׹ⶨڼϰϡϰʱˣ˫ַɿڶתܣңң
㣬˭̫ãȻ߿жˣһĶ۲ȻǻҲģ
˭һԪǰ¶
ҡҡͷΣվʮʱĽֵϻûˡ·վͲ·ͣʱҲûˡ
߿ֿȻĵĴӻжȡһƿӣһöҩ裬ҫ԰ڣ벻˭µĶʵ¶ˡ
̫ɫʱһ䣬Ȼ֮ǰʽȥȻ򣺡ԭµĶû뵽ȻĺˣȻԼҲŵ
߶Ҫҩ̫ȻһȣȻһǿƴһѽҩ¡
߶ʱľɣȻܶ߻ħ
̫һ£ҡͷ֪Ϊ¶ɡ߲ģ֪ˣ޵Ⱥ㡣
İѶҩˣҷ㡣߳ԾЦеķһһԾ𣬿ӿӣʼ磺û˵ǽҩԼҪ̵ġ
̫ɫ෢ףҲ̫ˡԼģһֻǻǵĸоӵȼȫǰĶٻܶһʱ̷һֶҩǾϼˡ
һ㣬ƮȻ˺һЩЦ¼ʵһֶûʲôһûˡҪŷµڶֶһûޡ
ǱõˣͲˡ
һҺɫ֪Ϊȥһα³˵̣ǵ걱𽭺ö֣ŵġȻˣǲҪС˼ء
³˵ƵĶҩҲֻܷŵˣҲʮþȡԣõ¼ļıİ㲻̫ࡣ
ǱõˣͲ᷸κΣõˣȻ֪
ŵӰһȥ̫࣬û·Ϊ˽գҲǷ˲˼
ģⶾҪһʱ󣬴Լûˡһ٣ʵûжҲа취ס㣬ⷨӱȽϿɿ
߿࣬ѶõͶϣźãȻЦл㱣ôãҪˡôɡ
ڱܷץҡٺ٣ѵҿԽһĵĸ˵㡣
˵꣬תͶݡ
ɫƻĹ⾰ķѩһĹ߱ʧѩȻڸסм

ÿÿϡ
һЩͯ˷ܵ㣬űһִ̼ɫ˺ԼҺӵ֣ϲİѺӴؼҡ
ޣ·
һҪű񡣡
ͯԸ˵ڳŵ£ȻŲ鲻Ըӡ
ڽֵϣɣ˿ŵĵЦһĹ򣬱תưȦ
߶һ£һǰѩǽǣһɫĲϣѸٰѼС
һֻȡһ׸ɾİɫ·ɫ޵¡ٴӵĦһ£֪ľһɫƤϡ
ѻѩɫį̧ͷøǽ
Ƥˣܣˡأ
ߺЦһɫѩĴ£ٶȲ죬ȴᶨǰŵǰִϳһӣһҳر
رҲҪءмܸȥ磬οǽڵĹؼʱ
ҪôǽҪô깷ʧЦ·ߵھĳЩȺ壬ûǿΪҲа취뾩ǡ
깷ǵ͵BƻCƻ̫ƹ֮Ȼ£Ǿʹֱӷǽȥ
մմϲ£治ҵʱúʹӪġ㿴ǼĹ⾰㲻Ϊǲɡ
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һ·ڵǽϸĵȴһᡣ
ǽϵʿ俪ʼжӣ׼ֵˡرİδ©һĹɣȻ©ˡ
һĹ⾰һ˵оУ˵ûоûеǳˡ߼ι۹һ㣬ȥһȡһï֦ɨӡ
һϷצȻϢķԾϳǽϾػף򾩳ǻӱ
ټƾǡ
ȻѩһϢȥ
һ̣˵ر©ɵȷһǣһ·ɣʿû˿

һ·򱱡
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198 ң޻˵
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绰ͣڳϰ岻֣ͣӲˣ˦
Ȼأ̧ͷյջ𣺡˦˦
ϸĹ۲٣һһᣬȻ͵ͷˡ߷һĨЦȡ·оͼ
ù治ǳصģԤ·ٶȣǰס·ߣлһ򡣡
һߺ˵ÿһ¶Ȼһƶȳ򡣷ӥ˾׷ʱڲȿǵǷֱ׷Ϊӥ˾ǳţг
ƲΣòȷӥ˾ӥ˾˶ڡǱƣʹøϰ߾ȷԵ
ضҵȥ·ҲûôסߺȻһЦʱˡ
õĵϸ߻աжʶأ˽թˣթĺֺڣû١
ϼүӣˡ塣
һʽ¡߻Ϊһ⣬Ϳת˲ʧΡ¡ϼүӱһ
ȻֻƾαϢĶݳʮȻͻõԤߣ
ƾóԵľȷһͻԤߣֱүһҡڵǰ͵ж߻ĳȻߵãһȻͻˡ
ֻ֪ж׺ֻֻͣս飬ȴΪͻȻֻս顣һٹӣܹܳھ
һЦػһۣҡڵȥ㵽һߵأĺ氡
һζ¥Ϲṩġһ߳ģǴӪ
ߺϹڴӪߣǻʵߵˣӪÿһԱһɫΪЧʮϡ
ʮǰȱµǰΪһ򽶼ΰΰͼҸ·ء
ǰʮڹٵһԵɽһᣬܿҵһЩԭһɽĵھ죬ڳһֽܵİ
ֽ˸߲ҵİѻѩ׺ãȻа۵ĴһīɫˮĥƵīٰѿŸˣʵһ㡣
һӦ׵߿ɽһʱ֮ѩת˲ʧΪһ׵㡣
һԼٶѩϻУһ۹У̫̼̫˷ܡ벻Ⱳһ滬ѩһ죬
ҿϱεʱѩȻ治֪β
ôţԷһٶԶߣֱ
øЧӪֲסĸ߿飬ǵײǼǣӲ©ǱȻġ
߾˵ÿһ֯Ȼϰߺ͹ɣҲиɻһͱȻ©
һȻͻƣõ˼άһҪһܷӦһͻƣֶȫգ׷ҲǴԼˡ
߾һåһŮᣬ˼Ҷˣתݡ
ϣЦһҪѹǮģʵۣһҪϲ㷢ƣϲ⣬ϲ彡ϲ㴺ڿ֣֡

ҪҪߣ
ʿѩһеʱ򣬾ǵţصؿǽǣ
ߡߡһ˵ǽǣȻ߳һӰڹУȴںڰС
ߣһꡣҳвŸɣ츳һùһܸɴµǰ;޵ꡣӦڡطʡ
Ӱе˷һЦǧҲҲйʮꡣǧʮʱ羳Ϊ𣿡
ǧ
Ȼ𣬺ȻࣿܡûϢһ٣һûڸǣȻ֪ࡣ
صıûһţǾֲ̫ˡ
һ£֣һڹӣǾͺñ㿪г˼װ׳ǲǴŰ
ڰе͵һЦһȥȫȻˡ
Ϊ߶ĳЩˣҪ̫Ҫˡ


201 ˻ʲ
ߺҪ
س֪Ϊʲô
ǽ˵Ȼ֪Խ࣬ԽΣաƵĿģ֪͹ˣ˵İ죬һõҪġ
ҡͷ㾿˭ΪҪңΪҪҸĻţ
Ӱƽͣ߰еĻţȽϿ㡣Ψһԭ򡣡
Ҫ߰˰ɡغȻЦѣ߱һɫĹûԹԡΪұܱײݵˣ
û˲㡣Ҫʲô֪ܸ㡣ߣҲܸ㡣Ӱƽ·ôߣѡ
سĬ˼ᣬ̧ͷҺͿˣ㾿ߺãǲã
ֻмܲƵ⣬⼸˺ܺò¡̸磬ϳ磬¥ĸ˵е˭
ڰдǷǣڰУصȻϢĸڴǰ
صɫʱùŹ֣Ź죺Ȼ㣡
ڸס֮
֮޹أָɣ֮Ƕ֮ûûͷʧЦ˭뵽߻Ҷ֮Ļš
ݺҾĲӲǡ
غȻЦЦǰϣãã֪ǷҵĶ֮Լ˵İˡ
˵һᣬشҴҷ
һᣬҹسԲһ߿Ŷ߲֮ߣ
֮ɬֻⱾԲһӱ˻һ㣬ԸӣһҪߣ
ߡذ£ɫ㶮ġ˵һߣ跨ӵãǴᡣ
һΪЩĻţһŲࡣֻĻţµĺĻŲؿģвŻ֪ǻᡣ
ǻᡣ֮һˣֻ֪Ҫθһˣ߽ʲôɾͣٲһݡ
һע뿪˱ƣ᲻ǰ̡
֮ǰϹһ˫ֻۣһʼߵڱƵǰ̡һ˱ƣǾ治˵ˡ
ͺñڱǴèһܱ˭Ҷȷ쭵ĲӣǻʵۡҪڶޣǾͲΨһǸھޣǾԵͨˡ
֮ȻڱƶãΪ͢سܻʵ۳谮ΪʲôҪߣ
¶룬ζ˼ǶԵģǶ룬ͺѷŵˡ
ǰ𸴡

εգXһƯָӲ
صһϣ¥İ˵κջһӵѻκλûط
쵽죬ʮʱˣһֱûвߵ䡣⻹ãͷɣǰƤһӶˡ
ʵΪץߣȨһߵһĸرڱҪʱҰս⣬дӪ
ӾһߣԤߣرϱӪɸֳ
ߵĻ⣬ǲں½ȫڲܷɵģֱɻҲ·ˣ˵ǰվû˷ϡ
ȻڱưδйĳģѲжУһˣȻһ
òûԹôӴǴǾ͵溱ˡ
߲ǱˣˡܶƤһ춼һˡ
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ίʵǲ˶Ϊָʹ¥Ǽߵıˣ߲ҪЬ˵ǲףܲס¥ô룬Ϊ֪ʵ۱ĵȷߡ
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һɫҴҵĸ㱨ˣغͶ֮ǰˣֱǷ£
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ڶΪȻʵûãҲûáڱƾͷǾؾջͱ˭߻ֵӴ
ˣ
һմʦڱ߾ȻЯСһʧ١ΣʦҲǶ֡
ɫһͷԸ飬Сʲô
ɳ̡Ըѱ߾ɳҪߵĻСŮΪʲôǷʲôر𡣴⣬Ǳߵˣµ·ߡ
ɳǰ˼ָۣǰ·ߣ֪⼸صرµ١Ҫ֪ʲôط߻ϡ
ΪһЩ̫ԾԤΧˣûڳʬߣһ⡣
Ŀ£ԽżҪȥͥԺʱ򣬺Ȼд󶯣᲻ᡭ
һ֧ż⣬һ֧ߣ񷢹ⷢһȺ߲㣬ûһǱģӦĶʱһѿڣͻˡ
ǵ͹ٶˣһͻԤߡ
ڻǴţƨڵѵغ˶Ѳë
¥񣺡ٶȡ
ǡһȺɿܽ鱨ߵ۲ˣͽ˵óٶȡ
ʱһȻǴһߴģˣ׷ٸַһСׯһƥѾˡҷѩĺۼҲǻѩ塣
һׯĵص㣬üëһƽߵľһһٵ˴𸴣ϵڳﱸսǴׯ
һ鱨Ǻܿ¼ߵٶȣɬ˵ٶȣҪ߾һ׷ϵϡ

Ҳ֪̫ܣ̫ƻ
¥ָʹģġ̫ɫʹǰĻ
ʵ˹˵꣬꣬Ҿָʹ꣬ʮ󣬱ҲύΪұʷһͬʱõָʹ
˵˹ﻹеڶʵۻô
¶ڽƺ˵ʵƻôãһܻһ
ʵ̾ȥӲģһЩӲġ
ڵ棬˻ʲǰΨһĶӣֺαĥȥ޷ٵõʲôġ
ʮǰ޷ǾʲôҲ¸㣬ҪģûС
ʵ΢ЦûУǲϸң
ӼЦ˺ܶôĪҪ̰ȫˡǲڣĪҪǿˣȻʲôò
ӦףǻҪġѾǹȥʱˡ
ӽ󣬲˻ˡ
ʵʧЦ棿û˻ʣֻûлʵ޳ۡ
ܣҾ˻ʣ
ӵͬ飬񿴼һ̤·ˣˡ˻ʲۡ


202 ҪᣬҪֱ
ಣһӰһٵĻѩϣһܾԶ
ѩʱڣۣˮīֱ·Ĳͣһ·С
ڱѩУߵ䣬ڴñ߷ĳơòѰһ΢Զܷѩ
ƾһ·ѼһЩ֦߶붴ȡһֻСƿӣߵһЩѼʯͺͻҩȥʱͰȼ
ٴӰȡʯͷӲĸ⣬߷ڻϿһᣬһΰͺ͵ζƷϸʡץһѩƿڻ˲źȵ
ɰͰ͵ƤӣΪûˮȱˮĶŸп˼ҺĹ꣬ڷ·ⶼʲôء
һ·ֲᣬ°˼ӦׯˡõĶʽ˼άӦŤˣԼҪ׷ˡⶼ벻Ǿͻñ߱Ӱ˰ٱ鰡˰ٱ顣
˵ĺ棬Ϲ˸µź̻ʲôƣ
ѵ˵źһţ̫Իʵ۴ظ㣿߶ţ̫ǿǻʵ۵ʵ߹
һ߾еȻϹҲ˵Ҳ˵ҵ̡ΪҾʲô²ˣ
Ϲõߣǽϳ¥̸硣̸Ȼ֯޼ɣʵ˽˶Թ
̸Ǻܴ󣬿ɻʵҲڻʵ⿴£ҲûٷӷչȻʵǾͲͣƹ
ȻǣǾֻʣһˡ
߲ɫɵİѰĸַ֣ܽһһƴͼɣʣµĻֻһЩ֤ʵˡ
˼һתİ߿ִЦϬܻˣһѽɽʧԵ켶ңҲûôס
ϬôĶǿߣȻǷӲ;֪аֻߡ
ߺνϬȻЩôһжֵˡֻҪ࣬ǾϬ米ǰ˵Ҳǡǵ
ȷ˲Ҳһ취
΢һᶺϢҲսϢᣬ߾·
ڲʺϻеĵطս鼼֮һͨ㻬У˱ϢսҲϢ
һ·ܿǵִһ
һ죬һۿȥʱѿڣˡʲô·ˡĻʵۣġӪˣȻ
̫ҪˣԸһСС羳ڳôֲӣʵôջ𣬴ʱɽԽвͨˣӪѾִˣøҲˡ⾰ɽԽ룬ǾͺñʮǰҡͺñԼѾ޵еʱ򣬱һ۰ϻˡ
ݵͷ̻ȥ߹ٵйؿɽ·Ǿ͵һ׳һͷһÿԹƾ׳ӣҲե
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ǡΪͷ۵ģĿǰӦġ
һ㶼úмѲԽԽãסϤһϤҵ©һʹ·ˣһ©
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ñ߰һת˶ʽ˼άز׹ҲʲôѲˣǷչؿƾ㱾죬ٰթҲǳÿԹŵľ׳С
һ·Ǻܴ󣬲ҲÿһҪķ
Ҫ벻ͨûָĪ˵ûս飬УҲܲס˼ר˺ֱ棬ݵͳͳ¡
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ƾǿѹ֣϶ַӥ˾·ʲôʱҲóϮˡޱ飬΢΢ͷԼʾΡ
ҹǵˡ
ϱӾһ·ƽ鱨֧£һټ۸һߣ߶סѹԼķΧڡ
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ˣ׷ٵ٣ܶ߱ȻⷽԲڡ߳˳ɹأг˼һиڼѲսء
ĺڱѩһΪ꣬Ȼ֪ǧ˹ģѲ£δҳ
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ΣϻΪһ꣬˼ǴƷʹֻ˰뼶
֪СС;øλУƿɲ򵥡ϻʵݴֺȴϸˣߵ׷ʲôҪץˣֲĵ
컹֪ʲôءκβãǻʵۣĹ٣ԺöѾͳһڷ磬˵ǡδɾִ񡱡
Ųţ첻Ҳš
ӵĻǱɡץȥ˵ã춼ɱ»᲻ء
̾˿˵ǰе㲻ߣ类ʵۺͳ͢ڵûƢˡ̬ȻԣѵҪʵ׿ڸ˵˲ˣ
ϻ˵СˣϻһԴû°ɡ
ˣãϢû¡ϻԵõعЦɫ԰׵һۡ
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ϻۣٷϻһ٣ģѲ¡
Ʋ죬ӸƵĺƭս˵ʲô񹦻嵶ǹ룬һ˲١

ÿﲻȺӵ칩ס
ǷԲķΧÿһضҪˣûڳߵĹӰӡ
ϻҲã÷ƽã񣬼Ҫˡܾһߵĳڲ
ÿһ죬͵õȶءÿ񶼱һӻƵķ·ȵû
ˣ룬ﱻһ꿼
ûУûУûУ
ֱ涼Ҫ˷ˣұһǣԻʵ۵ѹʹòһڵˡ
߾ͺһȻʧˣûֹ
ǧⷽԲţ԰ټƵĸҲȴƫƫһ˶Ҳʵ۽
ʵ۵ĿһһգõѹҲ֮ԽԽ
ԱѲж磬Ľǣĸоʵ۵ѹͽ
ǿʵۣ˹ģѲһˣҲǺѳȥѽ
ʮ죬粻ˣУ
ҾͲ޶ԡ


203 ͷĻ
ʱӪ峿ķѩƮҡԼʾĳЩ˵顣
һȺõи߼ԱζľȻ
һȺ룬ĵͷϵѩǼæ񣺡ˣλˣ
ɫ֪ΪҪǰ
һȺ꼸ʱֱ˶ĸ߹٣̧ͷޱ飬ŭ³һĴЦ޷ǵвȰߡ
һڹԱ޲ɫһ䣬Ȼһ˲粻вαذܣߵĵϵ
һȺѣǰ;ٴҲδҲһſŰϵԴƿʱܽһ¡
粻ߣĳǲãҲȻԼó˵ֶΡֱͱ£ɲã߻δŮ涯һ֣ⱲҲôˡ
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ЦЦߺܻ㣬֪ضڴ˵ء֤ݣǵֱ߱ضⷽԲڡ
ɷǺ棬ȥ𣿻㵽ʲôʱ򡣡
³ȺãȻɫ両һĨ⣺ٽղ¸ǼαһҪȥȻǴȥǴӱ£˭ֲ˺á
ҵȣǹٽһǡȻЦЦǣǾǶǰ̡
֪ѡϻķȴûĴ㡣ǱǲѣҾͲţѵáǣ
³˵޲ɫ䣬ɭȻİ𣺡ĪҪΪٲ֪ЭԤıߡ
һ³˵ʶվֱˣ³ˣһߡʽ䣬һߡ
ƤСģһߡ꣬층ĵϱߣ
ĺĪ͸ӡ
ӯӯ˳Ӫſڣϵһ

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Ů֮䣬Ȼ޻
˵ֻԸ밢߼ٶףԸ涨ס˵ȴ˵÷𣿡
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סСѾͷͶҵߡõĴ㡣
Ͻթαǩߣץľϰ˿ӡ
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ҡҡͷᶨҲҶ÷ֱʲôáһ٣ҧס촽ͺ񡭡֪ʵðߣ
пһ£ǲСӸ˵ʲôСӽթĪҪϵ
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֪ǡ㹻ˡҧס촽
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ֻشһ䣺۾Ķţϻʲôֵš
һʱԣŮ֮侹һʱ޻˵
ѩĲֻдأƺŮ֮Ҳˡ

ߣ˵ֻҪϻȥͼ̡
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һҲйѣһܣǲ֪ʲô飬Ϲٿɲں˭ߵĵϵ˵ߣߣ㡣룬û׼ԴҪҡ
мߣͱߵļǣﻹźӣֻóɤŴ󺰣ˣ˵ֻҪϻȥͼ̣ﶼల£ȻǵԴˡ
һԣôã
Ƕö໹Ҷö࣬ȥʶ˲Ȼ֪߶벻ںʲô٣˾ȴһˡ
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һϣĺصˣϽɡһ˵ȫءҪȫõù
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³˵ƽһξɺ޿ɶ񣺡ҪǸһ˰ɡ
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Ȼ䣬ˮӺзһѡһʪԴðĿ
˵ôѣҲ̫ûˡ˭Ѳȥҿ
ںĴˮһԾ˦˦ͷ¶ĿŽ׵ߣ뵱δء
±߶˼죬ȻûѹΡһЩ׼ˡ
³ˣһȺȫˣϣںشϤƮݵĳʽˣֵǳҲ̫ˣ
ôı£ô죿³˵޲̿ˮ
߷·֪ʲôһңúܣһ㣬ûʲôóԵġ
ɣҶʳݶˡ
ѵ߻˵óʷ鵽һڵĶ
··³𺳰Σæҵĺ·ߡ
Ȼһͣ˿ӰǷͷ͵ػ·ʱȴѶ
ȴûȺеģֻһ߲ͷһЦˣˡ
شĿ峺ǰ˦־һ⣺ˡ
һӾסŭ֮£ȴ໢Ŀ⣬ʱ䤱ҪҶ֣û׼һ
üߣʲô˼
ȻһЦˣڶЩ飬һҸӡҪûȤˡ


204 ˿Ůӵ
߾ָ
һԱУĵʱЦǺǵˣĲǶ𣬺ýһͨң̱ºòġ
ȻһЦδ壬ʲôǶ𣬱˵⹷ƨ˵ǡʱпЦΡ
÷ƽסߵļЦİһʾ⣺˵ǺȻҪΪִһΣյ񡭡
ˣϸ磬ѵţ˵Ǿһѹʺ߹Цѵôĸΰ󣿡
÷ƽΣȴҲ̲סţȻٻ¥ԭжԶ߶Զðյġ
ⱲӾһɵˣһηˣһγ嶯ȼѪ˸ˣǸһӵ۵㰡㻹ƫƫҪó˵ߵʱͺˡ
ǰһʪģϽһɾġʱչ٣߶Ҫӣģʲôȥ˵ȥ˵
Ļ죬Լ죬˽ľͷˣοߡ
߲ÿɷ񣬷زˡҲ˿ݵľһʱӪȥˡ
һĻȱùԱĴĿġùߣͯҲ̫ûˡһŰСӣȻ
϶ţǱõ÷ƽ˵ɡͯЦ˲֪᲻֪
ѹ¥ָʹȴһձζһߣҲȰ
Ҫ˵ò࣬˲£ȴҲ´һʼĲǿţ½²Ե
ĪҪ˵ãǱãһ÷ƽβĽ飬Ҳǰ߽á
߰ɡɫ䣺϶ţٷϻǴƷʹ
ǶأԲޣǳ⼸䣬߶δŮΣ߶߰뼶
Ҫô˵Ŀġ߰꣬¶޲ðӰָʹˣٸʮ꣬²ñӪһ塣
ߵ㣬ʮǻʮϡʮ꣬Ƕܰڻʵ۵ò߶ıˡ
ʵߵְĹǵķԣ˵ûе㿸ס˼һʵ۲ں

һƱ߹ٵĴӵ·ʱӪأͷ˿硣˭붼Ϊָ߲ʹ
ϵϴ裬һů͵ĸɾ·óͷû޵Ĺ⾰ĵƮȻڣһԲΪһ£÷١
Ůˣ㲻ߣҶøôˡ̾
ǰˣû˵ȥ𡣡عƽ˵ֻܶǷصûŮϣԼϹϵս
ġ۰㣬˿ŮԽԽǶӵ߻ЦŮ˵ְο
عЦЦҽһּ򵥵İٵķ
߳ĬǿյСѾͷ͵Ͳġ
˵һعЦ˵
ԣͷҲص߳Ӫʡſڣָ̧֣һʪָߡ̵ģ
ȥˣ̵ĸƢ̵Ƥӷᡣ
ˣͳȥɡһ
ʲôͶˣ׼ԵġںүģԱץסˣûŰԸ
ȥʽ˵һỰŴӪʣĹһӲ˱һģʱеȴùԱ
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δ壬֪ɱɡһ˵ʱе˿Цϣߵְɱߡ֡ɱ˭룡
Ҹ˵ɱ˲õסһ๾ȵʹĨһ죺Ȧ׵ʱͶ֣Ҳܵ
ʱе޲Ȼͺ˵˵ء
߻ں˵û·˵Ҳ벻ʵ۶õɡϣ˭ҵ
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һĻ죬һ·ѱسȻƴүһ㣬һѹûСһĻģ޷ҲŽء
Ҫģǻʵ۵˼һϽˣɴ˵Ҷһëɱᡣôһ仰㲻үţѵһ٣
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¼ҲʼѣٶȣյһûһµĳԷڼ֮ǰǷҪҽһ£
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߷ԸһӪʡ

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ޱ飬Ŀ峺Цˣ㰲ңΪ֪ˣֻʣʲôġ
ĪǣΪȫǶУ˵
ĿһˣˣЧҡ
ЧңǾɱˡһ΢ЦӰһζһâ¡
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ҪңǾɵ㡣αҵѺͲ˵¡ߵ΢ЦâˣĪҪˣҲҵĲ
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ɫ΢䣬˹ߣơ˵죬Ҳ޼£ҵǷץȥ
һɫʾ⣬ԱǷץˡ
߹ЦôҽҴĿϣı£ԣ㰵ҵǷҲһˡ
߳ıôãȻһŵʱϣҲʵڲԩҲСӢۡ
ɫһұõˡּʱˡ
һùԱ޲ȻһһõģȻ˼õĹ٣ʲôùԱʱɫѿ
ǱõҲɫΣﶼǸһеģУû˻ϲɱը
ߣΪ˱㣬㡣ͷԣῴĨңΪΡ
߼һӻƹϣһĨ⣺ôͨ籨ţɱ֮ڣҲǶҺã
˹ĳܲ𡣡


205 Ӣ䣬Сʮֳ羴
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һԼܾõ֣Ȼֲһֻ豭žһѵ
֮ǶΪڡʱв죬ȻѾ졣
һԲͷǱ˵ǣһΪ֮ǱϬڵģһ룬Ǳ㷢ʵˡ
֮˵һǧȻϬߵֶԲϡʵ˽²õ֣ǡǡһǧǮֱӴãʵ۵֡
һֱûϸߵĲҲһֱǧôһ㱻ŪһΪǱǮǱȥΪڸʡ
֮ǰйһǧӵĿ°ͣʧЦпգһ룬ǮǱûʲôطˣ
Ǯ˭ĿõĶԵϡڵģȻǱá
ʱԴ̶ʱﱾòй¶õġ˭˷˺Ȼ֮£ϤõĿ¶׹⣬ǳĶС
ˡǳ⣺֮˴ģǱΡ
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߻磬ڲǱǮʲôطˣ·һɡ
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ұǲġ̯֣Լ⣬һϵȷ֪
һֱĳЩһЩ⣬ˣᵱ̸سһ߷ë룬ЩȫǽƻϹ΢һ˵
ʼȻսһĺϮҵȡ벻ͨӵĴԿ϶ȱưӥ˾ֹȻ֪Է
Ȼһֱпһ룬롣Ȼһӣ󺰣뵽ˡ
߽ü˵һұƺսǾɵˡαذˮ
һԲ߼ΪʲôҪսأ밡ǱõˣʮСһ겻һ꣬Ҳܲˡ
˲Ϲ±ߵ˶и̣֪ġǽˣۼҪжˣ˶ָʹҪʲô
ϳп֪ϸ񣬾ͲϰκΣʵ۵ǻʱϵ࣬Ϊã̸ֱֻ
ʮǰ֮Լƹһˮ롣̸簵ʵۣǷʵɱ֪ʵ۴һ쿪ʼ̸硣
ΪˣתϵͳĽϳȰʵ۵˼ȥ
ǳʲôɣûˡʵԭϳʵۣΨһԭ
ǽϳô죿һ̯ӸߣԺĽϳͲˡ
ǣ˾룬жǰҪʰһ̯ӣӡ󡣡Це˵ȴֻһĺ⿴Ƽ򵥵˵ͱľǱóﻮļƻ
⣬սʲôõ߸ֵ̯֣ԣǾսɡƸսǳġ
̸Ը߲Ҫˣ֪
ʵ˵ȫ̼ƻΪ߶ǰҲ˵˺ܶࡣ
һЩҪ˵ġգΣ֣Ƕ¡

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ߵЦݲ֪ʱȥɫһЩӡȻ˴Ŀ̫࣬ȥ˵
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ĬĬӪһǣ⽣ŵͷȥ
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˵˵ҪսһҪģҪã˵˵ϵ棬Ϊþͻᵱ˵˵
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ʮĶңֲǲ֪ڱǰҡ߸ãϵ˭Ϊڶá
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ɫһȭ˹˵áһǱȵͶ·һҲ뿴һĳЩ˵Ŀ
˵ĳЩˣƺĳءĴЦ
Ӣ䣬Сʮֳ羴ڣ峯ūһȵ
һǹطâĽ棬ίʵе㲻¡

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縺ֵȻ
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֮УòұͶ̫ԣ뷢һЩԶûϵ£ҲұϾ·ˡҵĿɽǱãҲֻͶ㡣
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ұǰס㣬Ҳ㡣ЩϡҡͷΣƻ仯죬Ǩ̫죬̸̫ߡ
Ȼ˱ΪΨһĸ֣ñãȻ˳µĳΪߵĸͲ˵ˡ
崺磬ЦλһλȨصߣû˵ҾͲָĸˡ̸ˣˣˣˡ
ʧЦȻǽˡ
ߵͷ˼ֱǱµͷ߹Ȼǡ¥ȻҲǣǣҾ룬᲻̸˺ˣƺʱֻλҺء
Ǿͱض̸ˡ
ҲôΪֺȻҵ֤ݣ̸ˡͷѽ⣺ǻ˭ءΪضˡ
絭´ˣȻҡ
ǰˣҲǰſ϶ء̾Ϣ˵֮ԱץסһǴȷƵͶ·һԭ˵𣿡
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206 ꣬ʧʱ
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һ죬׺˼롣Ȼ밡밡ǰû뵽뵽ˣ벻ͨһӾͨˡ
һĹˡǲͷ˵𡣡
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Ǿʹʮǰ˵ɡһ˵Ȼɫƴ˵ʮǰһ£ӰܴҲı˺ܶ˵ˣ޵δ
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һ̸꣬Ϊָ֪ͬϳһָʹû뵽ᡰɡôꡣ
һָ꣬ɣڸĸ¥־Ĳ죬Ǳõһ졣ûһ£ܶ˶Ͻλá
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һ죬ߵƷΪǨ֪ͬ춨ι̻ûε첻ƷҪٶȣðΣȻʹȻֵޡ
統ûΣ˵ʵŶӶֲҪչһͷΣλϿƵİš
ЦЦҾͺȻ棬˵ʲôǨ
Ҳ˵Ҫʱ򡣺ȻˣǡýƾǡЦУº˵ҳԮ̫ġ
죬ڸʲôҾͲ鰡ʣ˯ţҾͲ顣ǡʱ򾩳ش˼ѩסңԪҲҪң˵ƵĻʲôǲ鲻أ
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Ҵӵ﷢֣ǧһǧ٣ƺģΪʲôû׷ĲвҾ룬ǻңҪƹǧܸʲô

ֱͦ壬³֡
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ڶ˶ӣߵͳ꣬͵崦졣ʱֱ仯崦Ӫȹ
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絭ȻĿأ·ߵԴǴǸҹҽߴ֮ߴз硣͹˾ƣûʶһҡ
ÿһ־ӾļģɭȻޡ
һߴĹǷǳؼңҲһӻԣֻննЮӪ֮ߴ
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ЦҾ˵ѹһŮԭ£ǰ
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ˡΪ־ܵȴûд˵٣ûУرûУ־ҲûСǶʧʱ䣬һ
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ʧ㱣ߣ·һֲļ䵱С
ϸĶ꣬ɽ۵ĺ粻סĴһ·һجУجξ᲻ȥ

ãһ̹ǵķХһ飬ѹ
ȻɫҰףǱ紵ģǱһֿµ¸ġ
һ磬һĨǳǳЦ⡣˵ŵòءĺ棬ʲôһ˺˵Ļ䡣
幫Ҳ򵥡Ƿʵɱʵ۳谮ã⣬谮ΪĵزǾеˡ
谮壬谮ƹˣȻȥסλһĻƺʶءϸϸ˼붬ʱڵһαƹһޡ
ʵ۳壬ߣ赽Ըɱң˻λԸǾͲ棬ǻƣ췽ҹ̷ͺϻˣ˰ˣһҹ֮ȫȫˣʣһˡ
Ϊشܾеķ磬һЩ࣬һɳƵģµòҵȷԮȥˡ
һܣû˻֪㡣
߷һ˿Ц⣺ҽϵģ¿ϰ½㡣ֻ˵ڹǰѾ˱µΡ
̶̵ʱʲô£һԶɵĻʵۣһССİ죿
գգۣЦСʱܻãʱܵԶСӴܣ˼ҵԴߣ͵˼ҵĹӺͻƹϵȵȡ
Ȼ󣬻ؼҵʱҺСͻụԼҪܣȻҲԷˣҲ˴ˡ
ʱ˺Сĵͨġ
Ȼ񲻿ɵ·ʵһˣĵ


207 ǾÿԹŮճ־
һĨɱŷĵ
Ȼ⣺α㲻ɱҵġ
֪Ҳɱ㡣۲УһƳɱ
Ϊߴ˸߲ңǹ꣬ҪԺΪ󣬲ҪɱɱҪϲƣ
ãŤһСӣԶԵ֣ԶôŤȻȻˡ
Դ̾˿ʵ귢ʲôұǲ̫ˡÿ¶ҪŪףҪôʥͣҪôɷӡЩһЩ£ȴǲ˵
˶пԣУУ̸УУҲСѵõͬ⣬Ҳ̾˿ͺһֱûŪ壬˭Ϊơ
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Ȼֻ£ͱµĿԣȴǼùءһ٣Ҫ˵ˣǱû˼ˡ
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ǰҪǣǻǽϳ׷ɱģﻹǿǸɱءƾһϳ;ԲϹ˵ߡ
ֻýϳùȻ
Ϊºá̹Ȼʱұƹ֣⡣Ҫô幫ҪôͱһһҪǾͲº󻼡
ԣǰ˸ɱ⹫µҳϼҽ𡣡
Ҫô˵ϳùλɻ˻ʵ۵ʵܲ쭣ιΣʵֲľͷˣôûѧ˼λһ˵ϳӶ
۲һ峺䣺ֻǺ棬˭鱣סҵֽҷڱ򡣡
ˣұƹҾһҪԭΪʲôŹң
תŴúɽ㽵ãҪ㣬˵ҪôһҪôͷŹ㡣ң幫е𶯡
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˼Һ˵һҺʣµǸǸȢ˺ľĵù߰߱
ߺȻһռ죺Ǹܵأ
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˲Ϲ˵ߣǱµͷ߹ܽϳ˲˿˻ʵ£λĶԻʵۺãԱƺá߶㻳ɣǷڻˡ
ڵڶš̾ˣңûʲôνֻǲ˺ġ̫ٷƣҲȫǺء
˵˵粻ɫ
˵˵һˣѵһ㡣ʼ磬νһֱƣΪʲôǧһֱûֻƾ겻˵ĳŵǳŵǸƨ
ǰصʱ򣬺Ȼͨˡɬǧһ裬ռһ֪ͬλáϣϳָʹֻ㵱˱õİҡ
ôһ̫ˡⱱָʹıǱ¸һĶء֪ͬһǰ軨ƿֻҪʵ۲Ǵߵָʹѹû˹ʸ羺
ϳһֱָʹһҪס̸磬һ߻Ϊܱ߸ôһԼĲ١
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緺һĨЦ⣺̸ˣֻ¿زסҲ˵ѵǱڿǵģ
ҲǿһɡЦȻţһٲñΡɶǸޱȵش󣬱㣬ֲȫţһЩɵɱ⡣
ȻϳԲʺϱãʵΪʲôʼûѽϳȥ˸ǰָʹ¿ǰߣסŬɻġ
֮ģ״ġһĿʮ룬û׼˼ҸٶɱڵĶˡοʵۣ
֪ʵ۵˫нû׼ΣҲû׼Ҫ
߲֪ȥʲôҲͳԷȻһˣ᲻֪ܵĺ
˵⣬һ٣ԣңȻҪ跨ġһķǶѷˣҪҪһõģڲͬġƩ磬ûʵ۵
ĿȴЦã
ޣǾͶˡҪȡһé®ëͷСӣǻסԳǸ̫˼̫ƣˡ
Ʃ磬ҸǷ飬һǷһˡٲȻһæ߿ŮϵҲءߵЦţܿ˫ȭ
ɫ࣬Ȼ㣬һһ٣˵òȷкܶ෽оġ
ԣĳٷơǡɫ࣬ŭ¶ĳԲŮЦ
ߺȻչմЦǾá˫ȭɿˡ
ʮǰһ壬ͨҡЦУ󣬱֪ҵһУҪӴ֪
ңԹô꣬ԼҲܲµһЩ˼ˡһϳ˼Ħһ£ʵ۵˼Ҳⱻ
ȻȻǰ׹ϵǡºһЩһʲôģǾҪ˳˼Ǿ
΢΢һЦ֪˵Ҳǣ
һӡ絭һЦ
ĵս츳Ӵ˻ʵ۵á⻹϶׮£ָʹӲˡ
ףʵһźơΨһķֱǣʵϣܳף跨߰ڱƣһ˻ʵۡ
һ֪ôöûܲҿȻ̫ȴҲȻǱ˻ҪǮ߸п治͹κһˡ
ţ»ûʵ۵Σĺͼɵ
֮ңߴܳãδزǻʵ۵İʾڵվȻһ߹ٶҲһ룬籾ԸߺŮһǰ֮أȴ⻺һһ·
ɺϣ͵ʱáϸ˼ʵǻʵΪ߽ƽˮȸߴһƵĻ
һЩʵһһٳû˼ˡ
ͷֻпʵΪ̫ӪˣȴԵʡ
ʮǰƹ֮󣬴崦ߴû˻ʹޱȣǴӪ̫֮ǿңʧ
ĬȻþõسһڳʼոеԵ¡
ʱɽ翴죺߰ɣûȥˡ
أвٻҪ˵´ԼҲвٻҪ˵
̸֮Ӱ͸ıĳЩ¡ȻΨ˲֪յһϯζ̫̫ࡣ
֪δںδεأͱƵԵֶжϻ١
ƾÿԹŮһĳղԵֽȽĿճ־õĽǹġ


208 䣬˵δ
ʮǱѵõĶ졣
һȺɫĴַ·ƶ˶ַ·ڿնԼٶȣ򾩳ǽ
һٲȻÿһ˵ܱǿƿһ㡣
·ǵߣ𺳾׵ķһȺȻǴ֣һת۱ǴһɽͷһɽͷԲ׽
ҴҸƿǣһƮȻǣر͡ȻһȺֹȻǣ÷𰡡
һûʵۡ
ߺȻп̫˲졣ߴָָ±ߣɵĺѩˣʱһЩ·ѩǹٸΪһϰ
붬عٸ֣Ϊ޼ҿɹĳƶȥ·ԼܾõķȵȡΪõˣ᲻֪ص鱨
Ʋ˵з´зסɵȷΪ˶Ŭ˵ǳ͢Ĺʵ޹أǾƨ
ưĴʵͼΣ°յȷԣ궼дûû´ûס궼ңһԱȾиˡ
ǲǺûʵۣۡޱ飬һѴץߣһʹ
ʵۣˣҸˡëûеˡ
Թ𶯣ʵвңͲڷйһ£ûһְ̧԰ס
һӰƮɽһ׹䣬ȴ̫赭дһѽ£ūлڣߣذɡ
ߣҾͲţʲôֵñġһƮȻȥ
ߣ̫ЦЦ򸧣µܾˡ롣
ʼ磬ֵĺС̫һڣֻԹҪôŻҶûܸѺϱ˵仰ء
ǲеʱ䡣̫ຬЦΪһ̫࣬ǰڻʵߣ޴ڸСΪһۣ̫ˣū˵ۡ
Ҳδء˦˦ͷǰԵĲɷãܹܣһʲôожܲһ˸ɵ
񻯸˵е˵һܸɷһǶһܸɷһ
̫ɫһӲ΢ЦҲû˻ѰŸɱȻǲɵġ
߹ЦȻܹܣǷ˵еĿ䣿
䣿̫룺˵
̿ŴЦС
ȴ֪ʺ̫ģ̫죬տܷݵܣΪ񹦡
̫Ȼһں꣬ƶû뿪֪٣
һɨѩС̫ȴˣĳڣŲɡһ𣬿̫ǿ׷ϱ䡣
ӦǾ仰粻콭ö꣬ȴȻиĴ˵

䣡
ʵ۱·һʱϲãд˵ȸ񹦣
аɡ߻Ц˵һлѵ̫ΪҳĹˣǷ켫Ǹ޵С
ʵʧЦ޵У۶޵С
ҲδءɫһɡҺ桱ı飺һʧԻɣδµһȴ֮ǰԵĽ
ҵ֪©֮ɳ֮ˮ˰֮ഫһǽɽĵһλˣɽΪ񡣡ʵ˵֪ʽˣٺˡ
ںȲ裬Զʱס԰Ǻ
ǧƣ׺ɣһڱ䡣ǧ֮ǰ˻ʡľޣȴﻹ˻ʡ
ʵߵĶͷȰϹˣϢʲô˵١
ȥϢ
̫һ·ڻʹתƣߵΣһʱ˿ÿϾʹҲ̫ªˡϲϽǵʮ֮һݻΰ
Ҫ˵ʹҪռƽҪ޵ݻҪʼ԰֣˼˵ǻʵ۾סĵط
ⲻѵϼһﻹͦءƤô˯ڻʹ׵𣿾˵󹬼ǧһܴطô죿
̫أҲˣλСүǸ˵ֻ񣬾Ͳڻʹﵱ̫ࣿ
һ£ô򸧣ԣ
߻Ҫ˵̫Բˣǿ򸧣һδϣһҪڴڶ˵ٶ࣬Ҳˡ
ݣ㬲ѣǽһǱأ簡
۰Ͱ͵ڴڣŸǽȴѺϱǶôˡ
һ޹̫ź̫༸䣬һȶСŮӯӯǷū澼ˣܹū澶źء
ˣƣĪǻӣʵⶼӰԤˣǶôĵ˵ȥض췽ҹ̷

ȦȦŤŤƨŤŤ˯˶
ĸͥԺУСŮڿڳԳֱЦ˽˺أ㿴ŤŤȥġ
أǱҲߵĹٶǱƵţ˵ܳء
ˣ׹˻ǵһμţСŮǾϲķ֣С˧˳һЩ˵Ķʡ
һĳåʵĿڴﴫСŮߺ
˭ҸСүҡڻʹ˴ڵϷˣʲôұȡߵǻʺǰҲҪĵĴڡ
㶮ġ
ްź㣬ʹ͸㣬ȴʲôû
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ʵȻȻ˿šκΣʲôû߶ʱǴΪ˵ıܡ
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ߵһԣⱾñἰҲǱἰĻ⣬Ȼ˵ʵɫһϣһڰɫʱڱݣ֡
̫һƮȻһʵۡʯϽ⿪¶ߵĴȴֻһֻᡣ
ʵ۶ᣬȡ֧ᣬһչ˵
ۣȻԳԵЦ£ĳ㡣ʱˣ㶼ȻϿϲ
գسǵʱ޹һ¡֪ϹϹ
߾ֹţסһ龫µĵϸ£ŵҵջʧ㣬ԭһжڱµƵء
ڸǲס۵׵һĨԳʼջǱʵǣˡȡ׵ú˼Զŵģϸ˼塣
ԡ
ʵ۲֪ΪΣӰᣬȻпȻףĿ䣺ⶫΪ׼ġ
޵Ҳδϵ㡣ʵ۵Ŀⶨߵϣ·ҪھһЩ
ҲںڿӸ˭ǸоˡƲ죬˼תʵ԰Ϊն˭Ψһܿ϶ģ;Ʋ
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Ϊ磬˸ûƵģ˷ʱ䡣ͺñòʿѧȥСѧ˼ѧë

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ڵϷʵۣʵȴЦɫΪΣ
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ʵ̾飺ޱ׳ɼңǱܰĶˡΪĻ֮ϣ룬ȴǲϡ
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ôͲ˵ˣܰסţֵˡο˺ӣԶ˵츳ĺŵļҲȽϸߡ
ҪǣߵѪ
ЦŵĶӣأ֪Ρʵɫ΢䡣
ʵ۵Ѫ׵Уһֵһᡣʵһֻһһûšȥʵ۵Ѫ׵Уűֻˡ
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һЦ£궫Ҫһ£һɢߣ
ʵ΢Цһ硣

ԳĬڹ͢ĵ·ϣѩߺ־ûȹĻѩסһһǳزȥ
ѩ¸µ죬ȥĸоʹá
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þڻʵǰ˷˻Ծ˺ʵۿһᣬЦݸֲ
ڣͺͺģ̫ѿˡҲϲߺȻһܣһͻȻĸпƵûš
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ߺ˵ƤҵĺѣǣǺܲˡ
֪ǶǱδмֻҪɼȻǰ;ޡʵۺĻӦǴӦߣκ¶Ӱǰ̡
㶨ȻĵЦˡƲϵִ£ûҪˣʵСʱûĤջӣƲ壬˭ţ˵ܲǺѣĵȲĸš
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ʵҪǸҶҵˣҾ͸ܡ
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Ϊĸһһ֪͵ڱƺ֮˾񣬻ʵ۾Բˣһǰ;ȫˡ
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Ϊʲô˵ֻӰ층ĺǣΪԻʵ˵ĺʽţƤͰʡ˵һ㣬ӵˣʣԽӣʵ۾Խá
ණʵۺ߻վˣûҪƤĿɳ
µϵǰ;֮䣬ȷ߷ˣһһһ׵ĻѩϣȳһѸ۵ѩ
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ʵ۸ֶƽؿ
Ʃ磬ǸǻӵҥǼ١


210 ĵһ䣬ʧһ
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˹ȻһСģִʷܵһЩ˼Ķ
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ҫǻʼ֮ףֵûеЧҵûС
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ʵ۵ĿʱһȻǻؼʮʱ
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Σ£˵ҺܱŤܷұĻˡȻһµҡ
ʲôʵ۵ЦݺȻһЩӲ

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챱ߴ崦һҲͬһʱ䣬ʧ˴Լһ졣
ĿתֱӻʵۣÿһǸһһֱܺ棬ƹ¼УðʲôɫΪƺֻбõӰȴõĶ򡣡
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ʵüһĨɭȻˡ
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Ӫһɫ񻯸֣ƽֻһڻʵߣʣµĶߴߣұƹδػɹ
Ŀ峺˵һ䣺ʮǰǼ£Ӱ첢£ӪԱ
ʵɫһ䣺⵹ġԻʵ۲ء
ͷգգۣп£ܶʱ˻ȻȻĺϰΪĶҲֵ᷸ͼ󣬳Թءָϱӣǻʵ۲֪ˡ
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һԹ󣬻ʵס͵İɫ˿ֽƮߣϱһ쵵ĺ졣
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һҪѪһ̲סҪһթСӵĳ嶯һֺƣܱζǵ͵Ĳ̼㲻˲˹
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΢΢̧ͷߺЦǷһĨεĹЦɫ

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ӰɫߺһСĵذߵ·ٲȻһֻĳСӡ


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ȻûСϹ˻ش൱̹֣ͱȻ׷ɱ㣬һɱ֮졣
УһҪ跨ߡ̫ش󣬲ܱ¶ȥ
Ϲ˼תɵߣǹùⲻ˵ֻǡֻ̫شһ¶ͲǱҪˡ
ϻۣ͵̫Сһ˵©졭Ҫ׹ùõһġ
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߿డÿμϹˣһִѪĴܣȴһ㶼˵
κΣϹ˻ôӣȻػôꡣˣǶɰڶﶼ˵
߲ŲæôùãҪʲôʱ֪һУ˵һУ
Ϲ˺Ȼͷɬʵù֪Ҳࡣ
ʮǰΪȻͻ㣬㡣ܡһٵǾƽƽĹһɡ
дѵɻκһ䶼ʲڡҲϰˣÿһϹǴҴҴȥ
Ϲ˻һܣȥޣΪһʦֻҪҵͰȫˡ
βǰꣿͷ
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Ϲ˰һջûȥ¶һȵˣȻǡһŷ·𱻻ջٵ˰һ֮ϣ
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ԭϹ˵ӡʲôˣҲƽˣֻһ㿴һۻᷢجε
һỨ۵ţ߹ȥϹһ˫һЩ⣬һЩĿ⣬ȻرסϹˣþ飺ùã
Ϲ˿ЦڿޣֻһֵͳǹŮʮǰµġ
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СߣùöԲס㡣ǹùò˵ֻǹù֪ļޡ
ãһȼǧܸǱһѶˡ
ƭʲôڱƻʹʱ򣬼ǧΪʵۺƣĹͷˡ
붯ǧһϹ˾֪ɡҪˣԣһͱ˻ԣֻΪ˺ƭ뿪
ѹֽյЩж
ֻҪ߻ţˣҲûʲôνϹ̹ȻĨĨ۽ǣʮǰһˡ
߰ɣߵԽԶԽáǧҪǧҵ
ϹľȻվ±ϣĬĬĳطѩϮĬĬȴʱ򣬱ǼǧȡƷʱ
ɫȻһĨ΢Զĵƽ
ѩ΢ͣʱ򣬼ǧƮȻѩһĳ֣һ۱üˣˣ
ǵġϹֱԲ䡣
ǧɫ䣺
ߣҴȥáڶߡϹֱӼǧܵ۾־£ֻӶУű֮ģΪ֮
ǧܵͷһǾȥãжԶ
һתۻΪߣ


219 ֮һ
ƺܺ䣬ȱƸӵıѩء
ɽУ鼸ΨһӣԼһЩ˶ڳ˯ȻͺͺĸɰͰ͵ķѩУĵĴһ˿졣
ţҹĴУɵһɷһɫƤʴ£סȻȥסϸĹ۲졣
ûӰذ˿ס񾭵ĸо治á
Ȼ·ǰߵһͶ֮עʱ򣬹ǰ߾ǰԤصȺһǻϡ
ĻԪ֮٣һ¡ز֪ΪΣߵʱţûľˡ
ȻһӰߣسԾ㣬ضӡҲˣ
ضſڵϣϸϸĺʹһ·һַ·ӾĴĹ
֪ΪҹΪѩضӺʹԽԽëȻֹ˷ë
ڽӽسȥǡ
һᣬ֮覣ԼضӵġŮѡ׷·׼ңϸһƮһַëƵá
覴İᣬȻʧĴһСǰ߸磡һҼǵأϴΰҹǳ׸Żҡ
ޣʧءͬһۣ覼ķ˳ȥһµµĹɽȥ
˴󾪣ȻһããӰѩһܶ߳𣺡СѾͷǲҪء
С򼤶رߵԴ󺰴УҾ֪㣬һᱣңˡ
ҳԣҽѵ⣺㣬ͷڳǾȻܡһ׾աøƵģҲǱ졣
Ȼ߹λѣĻţǱЮֵļһ鱼ŵĺһʱ˶ڻˡ
лĹضӣŮѡһۣ¶һ˶ĻЦضӿ񷭰ۡ
û˵ɫλʲôԺ˵ڣҪ·ˡ
عϴĳһأ¶һؽѣӵؽȡһЩѩ᣿ǾͲҽˡ
ⶰľݣ˵ҹꡣȻⰵǱһŵ㣬ߵ⣬Լ൱ȫݡ
ȡͼڵͼϴ˴һ·ϵȻܻӣ׼ˣ
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ߺ覣غͶ֮ضӺʦûС١
һˣȡңϴ£ʱڻѩУޱȵʧ

ߣߡǿҪ硣
ǧһ·򶫱ߣϹȴһһε˵Ҫٶߡʱǧܸϵ·̣мǧˡ
ʱһߣǧһԲƮȻɽֶۣϹ˰ΣãжԶ
Ϲ̹ȻԼߣԼ۵ٶȣԼҪʱ
ǧܵɫڶˣһչЦҶˣһʼûǶң
Ϲɫǧҡͷֱ˵ɣʱ䣬޷ǾӵʱҾǷȥҲѲģɷġ
Ƕ㣬Ȼύ㡣Ϲ˳Σʹֱ˵
ǧ¶һĨЦȻ˵ӷʵĸƭۡҪ˵ǧܣ˭Ȼ벻Ȼᱻƭͺû˸ƭйزţһģۺйزŶһأһ⺷
ʣش𡣴⣬ұĸɴһЩǧЦһЩԳ֮⣺ҪǵֶΣضܡ
ǧ֪ܳҲĵط˭ָģ
˸˵˵ۺ¶棬ǲһǡ˵Ĳۣ˭Ҳ˵һ֮ģǾηˡ
ǧܵͷ˼㲻֪ҪǸ֪Ƕܴң
ϹʧЦۣһʾͲˡ˭֪ǮƺȨƶ۶Ҫģ˭֪Ҫʲô
֮
ΪۣǮƺȨƶҪģֿɵáΨһ룬Ψһ׷󣬾ֻбøǿǾǣ֮
е㲻̫ˡǧԳǶǽˣ
ϹҡͷһĨۣϱʮ꣬Ƕҿȸһ롣ʮ󣬸һ룡
ǧܺȻЦķ籩ҲǱ𺳵ЦϤѹȥƺЦؼһжѹˡ
ǲ˵ˣ
ǧ赭дһ̧֣Ϲ˵װʱȶˣϵﻩ˺ѣֻʣһ㱡¡
ϹѪĻᶼûУӹͷڻһ㣬Ϣĵ¡۶ڱǣסѪעٲȻǱһѪ緢
ǧܿûϹһۣһ磬ɨһɢ·߲ʲôţ
ָͷסһֽӶƮȻɻǧϸĵؿһֿۣؼʹһѪϹˣһֶӡ
ϹãȻֽģ
ֽϣֻһжᣬ൱ִ߱֡
ۣҹùãֲң
ǧչմЦǶȻɵģƻֶӽթʱסˣǶòҲ
õͷ㡣

·ƣˣȻҪϢһ¡
һߺһǳ˼Ϲ幫Ů˵Ҳǻʵ۵ĶӣʵޡܽͣϹΪʲô˵Ҫ°󣬰ѱƸ嶼ûϵ
г߸ҿ϶ʵ۵ĳ𣬿϶Ϊʱ򣬱ʵ۵СJJ
ǾһĳޡƲ죬˵ë£κθ·͸£Ѿǿаˮˡ
Ϲ˵һ䡰ԲҪŻʵۡѰθ
̵չ壬ùȵתڶɢޱȵζ
ƣļҡļҡһЩƣĹ⾰˯֮䣬ⲻ֪Ϲ˻ϵһ仰Ȼصͷ͵һ飬׽仰
ϵ⣬Ҳ⡣߶ʱһëҲֲ̫ˣ˵ϰߵĺˡǶԱϵ̫ϰΪˣûԶ롣
Цˣ·ץȥȻǺôΡȫĲ©֮ɳ𰸡еˡ
ÿһһܡʲôǲ֪Ϊ㷺һ˵ǣ
̲ܣ
һΪĻᣬ۶ܾġ߲֪Ϲ˻ʲôۣƾջԱסϹ˵
ǧܣǧܣ
߻ĥʲô취üǧܿΪԸأôǿҪǲһãǴԼ
εؿһ覣߷һƵЦ⣬еࡣ


220 ֤漣ʱ
ߣߣ
ߣȥʮꡣȥ괺μӱôԣ֮ǰС׹£ͷشȴԼȻôУΨһһûж֣ժ°׵ꡣ
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ͬʱҲǱʷһõʵȨְĸ߹١ΪһָʹΪܼγΪƵһָʹ
꣬ڳϦ֮ҹȻʵ۴󶯸ɸ꣬ðĹģѲڱһץȥݿɿǰӦΪ羳Ϊ
ǰƻʹҹгּ٣ƽӪȳߡǰһߵȼ١
ӥ˾ͳϣһݹߵĸ˵
׵һӣʱӣίСϱ˻Ƿӥ˾ͷ֮һ
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ͳվؿ߹ȥ߳ߣ顣Ҫ֪ϸȥ
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ߵٶȣҪ˵ڱƣڰĵǺġҲѹַӥ˾׼ƣǸһŮ˰ˣʱҲ͹Զûʱء
ӿЦζѿ߳ȥһ߳ȥڹͳǰı΢ʱͱȻ
Ϊӥ˾ͷ֮һͼҲǳسġͼǷӥ˾ͷУǸ鱨š
ԸĲţԷһٶ´һҪڱƵ񾡿Ϣ鱨̽Ȼ󴫻
һߵļֵԹġ鱨ֵ˵ߵݣþų鱨ֵͿⱱƸˡ
ƻʵۺӣܳߣӥ˾ӽˮһͲµóߵļֵֻƲ֮ϡ

ܶǰһԭϵĲѡ
ԣƵȹӳΪӣ˵ùȥʵǡ꣬ҲһһѧϰƺʹȹƶȵȵȣֲӵϢϰѾܵˡ
Ϊӥ˾ͷ֮һ򣬱һдա룬򣬽ǰЧˡ
֪ͼŭȻܸˡΪڵ鱨ŴͷĿͼְȨϻڵλ϶ȷìܡͺñŮŮ
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룬ǻˡһкһ£ȥ˵ڲߣ
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ʱһλһֱĬİˣȻɲɣץס˵ץס˵ʲôûáթˣǷӥ˾δؾץס
ʲôʲôʸǷӥ˾һۣһ˿졣ˣһ£һѹĺܵͺܵ͵ĶңĿģ壡
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Ϭ磬ҵڿҡƣ㱳ǸѾ֪ˡĺ棬Ǹûж
ǾҪӥ˾жˣǾ˵ԷܴӰӥ˾ľߡۣ££ӣֵסߴĺ硣
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ӥ˾жЧʣȻ΢Եһ㣬ס˼˶ڡ
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һ·֣ͨЦЦӥ˾ˣӦڲһڴ׼Χ
ҪĴ𰸣ѾõˣҲʱ뿪ˡ
ӥ˾ҪҲҪǴҪģҪ
߳Ŀ⣬ɨӼеǣǷԷθû⣬ڣضƻܶ
һ·ϵĹ۲죬߲òϣƵۺϹ̫ˡһ㲿Ϣ类ƴ塣
ͬǾҰսҰս֣ƽԭ롣Ҳ籱ơ
ٻ˳Ѿûˡ
ۿ磬ʵһߣĳЩ𰸾Ȼĳˡ߰Ըпܻ϶֮ǰڱƸģǶˡ
Ҳ˵Ϭ米ҪôԳһ˺ҪôǶĻݡ
һҲᶯһ𣬾ǴˡǴһʧٵۣȻʮҲسɶ֡
˦˦ͷԼһ䷸뿪ˣαôࡣȻüЦǼ֤漣ʱ򣡡
ʱ󣬷ӥ˾ΧȻ
ʲô߲ˣ
һλɫ֪ǲ԰ף࣬ѿѣһһѣڵ߶Ҫѳ
Ҿ˵һܽթ꣬ѶԸһһǡʱ˵һ䲻ǡĻ
ŭ쭣ĸ
һʱһʱȥͷɥķӥ˾˷ϣ߷ߣˣҲ
ߺѣƾʧˡ
ʧΪĹֵӰ
࿴һۣһڣȥ˹磡
ΪʲôûӦһ˽ڣһҡ
ɫ࣬ҧгݣڹϸ


221 Ǹ;Ļʵ
һ磬߱ˮ
ͷ·Ҳ˵ÿһͷдѵ񼡣
ӷƺǰĵطǰҲǲȥޣǵڵʿ˾ⶵ·ˡ
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һ۲סĺ֩˿һͷʾʰɡ
Ϊʲô򱱣֮һ˵Ļˡ
׷٣Ƕû뵽Ҫ򱱣úͷӥ˾͸벻ߵĴ˴֡
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Ʋ죬ֲӡ磬ʱ䵱£һЩ͹ˡ
Ҫô˵ƽѵļգջشءܣˣһδҪ·ˣ˳һ±õԵףҲ׵¡
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һ֪ӥ˾ץ˹ɵ˵ҳ˶ʱΧȦǡô뿪Ҳ̫ѡ
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߲һսˣܲܣǾûǲҪˡһҪĹңһҪ군ţʲôþġ
һ߸·һԵ˼
ʮǰȥ幫У˿գʵۣԼĳСΪǳţһЩأ䷢ֻᣬűƹ
ƹʱ򣬻ʵۺ͹֣ԸǸ׻ۡ۱Ӧ˵жʲôģԣԭӦϤʵۻ
ۣʵѾӦƹˡɱǹɱȻұȻʵ۴Ӧ࣬ſϰݡ
ţˡҵʱãضΪʵ۵Ѿ׼ؽɽˡпյһ㣺Ƶʱÿս׼ôƹǣпǶڲݡ
ʵӦȥһζġ߰ա
֮£ˡ簲ߣĳЩ˲³䣬й۲졣ȱǰ©֮ɳʱ򣬱̸ȷ֡
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ǣҪùˣʵⱲӶҪȥΪǻʵ׵УʣµΨһһˡ
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һ˳һڡӴ˴ĳ˳ͨ緵˽硣
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ӶѶģɲȶ˵£ֺЦԴСӣʦҶƽˡ
ⲻ˵ƣʦ·ƽεϳͲֱ»䣬ЦЦؿڨڨһЦ
¸һԱкˣ
ڣһ˽ڣһڴ֮󣬱Ӵδ൱һʧ٣Ѷ

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ڳ⣬ĬĬؿʽ伸ˣҪˣʹ˵ɡ
ߡʽȣ³䣬ƤСĴðʧ˵ģֻƤСġ
һƵɫ˵Ƿʲôֻҡҡͷһ仰תû˵
Ե޷ְɣһʼ¾עǼٶˡ
عһȴǱӺ֮Ѻֺۣϵġ˵һ㣬ǿͱ߼ϱ㣬ô룬ôˣ
عȻףȻһЦһγŮĽᶯˣȴˡڵʱ֪ԼҵĶˣʱˣȴˡ
˵öԣºܴǲҪֻһơúһ˵ǻ߿ڸɻ¡
عﰵҧ룬ϵѾˣΪϣһҪ
ģǻġƤСֹ³һѰס
Ŀĵ˽ԶȥƤС̾˿ͷɥ֪Ҫʱټˡ
ܿ졣ʽȻ죺ĪҪˣߵļ˶Զ˶٣һġ
³յƤСļ£ѹ㱿˵ǣ߻ġ
Ҫģ밢ߡŬҡ³ڶ˶ߵұߵŬ
Ȱ߻ʱǲܰˣЩǣȻдġ
ƤСǴһ㣬ȴʱȻ˻һЦٺֱЦԼʲôıƵġ
µЩԴƤСļ𣬳ΪһٮٮߣǼǱȻġ

Ǻӻ𣿡
ʹʵ۵ɫĳɺ̫ٺٿģʵ۴һ־ŰˣδɹԼжϡ
ʮǰйһΣǵڶΡ
ǵģһ£˵ġ̫಻ɫİο
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ʵޱ飬֮УҪʽ䣬ƤСĺ³˵ˡҪ
£̫ʱԾ
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ʵۺȻһ۵ĵط׻һۿʵǿ飬ˮһĶ¶һĨЦ㺦£
ʵ۰ˮһĶǰ꣬߷·ѪҺһĺɫһǣǺˡ
Ķ𣿡׻Į
˵ãֹ֮¡ʵһ˿ŭ⣬ƾ꣬ҲܲסôɣŭǱȻġ
㲻ؼŭңҺ֮׵ģ˭
׻ĮɨһۣȻĬˡȻЦʲô
ȡѪ;ΪβãǺһȥˣ
˵֮Ѿ;߻ħˡ


222 ֹʣԪ
һ˿ĮһƵȻ
ʵ۵ɫǺ죬Բֹ׻۵壬˭
ΪԽߣԽ󡣵һزסʱ򣬱Ϥʱʱ㲻һܽˡ
˵·ˣ޳ۣҲΪ˻ʡ
ʵ۴ϢһᣬȥʸУĬȻ̾ϢǶǴˡֹʣҲǹ˲ˡ
һ֮ԱǵЦ׻۷һĨΪȻʵƺûȴȻ˵ʵа취ϵ⣬Ϊβϸ֪ҡ
Ϊʲô
ʵ۵Ŀȣ׻ɫ䣬񣬷·ʲôû
ʵ۲ŭһ겻˵Ǳʮꡣʮ겻˵Ǳһꡣ
׻޶ԣ·Ӷ˵Ҳеһֵ׺
ǻʵ̧ߵʱ򣬰׻ۺȻƤʣѪУֻһˣ
ʵ۵һĨһ㹻ˡοߵһǵ
ӻʵ۵ĸ֮Ӱ죬ʵǵһǵڶȻҲûʲô츳ɹ۵ˡ
ӣӣӺӶˡزۣʱҲûסֻһӻһŮҲǼˡ
кӣʱǷ츳ӻûף߻ԸСƨǻʵ۵һףʵ۵ĵֻܵһŮû츳
Ҳ˵ʵ۵ĵѪףָֻߵôܵ¾߱츳Ů
׻ۺȻЦ츳ǱΣм޳񻯾ž޲񻯾磬û˿ļֵ
ʮ꣬羳ΨһģҲϣ
ѪߵѪߵǴϻۣӣضмơ
ԣߵġ׻۵˵ڱƣһӵĳɾͶж󡣼ʶӰ첢ľ硣ֻ߳ȥܻĥ£ߵø߸Զ
ǱҪġΪȲʱ䲻ˡ
ʵҲؿãһĨɬڳϦҹܣһһЩԤˡֻǡ
ʵۻҡͷֻǣҲò׼ЩɣǲҪߡ̫ˣһˣ˵ټ
ߣһðա¹ش󣬻ʵҲ⶯ҡȻһЩǰһЩìܵı֡
׻ٴۣ·һԣμǧܺȻ֣벻ġ
ʵۺȻŭİŬŭѹ֡
㣬ô£ƾߵĲвˣ󲻹ΪƾʲôۣǼǧеսۡĪ˵Ĳвǻʵ۶ûš
ˡ
ǣҺˡʵ˹ˣһߵʱҲðץġ
ΪʱǷݣ

ԶĸۡһӰػء
ϵңʱ˵ʱ򣬰ЩٺԶȡסҪֱ𽻣ֻһˡ
ӵĽǲšǱһССİٻڸ̫̫֮ˣͺһسǹܴӳ֮Ĳࡣ
һġǵСˣֶԳ͢߹ٵľηȻģϷġΪɵ߰ҲǸߵĶϱлʵ֣Ϲ̨ġ
룬ϼ飬ǴǰȥϰһٻҲݷøءŷһĿ⣬òˡ
ڱõӶٻǱȽӲʣܿӭŷȻ־ȻǸ˵ĻţȻȵӭ
һһԺǳŷߵĸףеΣĻ⡣
ߵĸףһ͹ˡƾǸҲãԵҲãҪ
ûԶҶãֻһӽԶϵȥ˳̹Լ׸˵ļаݷã½һӡ
ʵ۴Ӱ׻Ǳ߳ʱ̫üŹֵĹ£ڸλҪ
١ʵɫأһǰĪʲô˲õĴ£
յ׺ܿҴ׸ޱĸһһݼʵ֮ڰ׸񣬼װԼҲڣʵʵ
ż׸ԶɫĽһӣ˵˱صӸ£ЩĿνͣ
̫ౣּĬ˱ʵۡʵ۷һüǣ
Զѹŭ£˻ʮĿĿ֪ʲôҪµ˽͵ġ
ʵ۲һȴʲôý͵ģЩһۣѵֵںƺˣҩܳԳǸҲҩҲҩͳϵˡ
ּ̹ӿЦԶֱԣ£ĵرܳԳǻٶǮȾԹԡ
¼Ȼ񽻸µˣǱҪγ¡ʮ꣬ôԶĿ̲סŭΪˡ
ʶ̫వ̾رҪͷöˡ
߸ԪȻ൱

˵Ǹøˣգ
˵˵ǰѷ쭵Ȱȥʵǽͷöֺáƾ׮£ڸǸˣʵ۵İ˳ɵϴһЩǮ
˽½ô˵ڸҲ˵̣ǿҲڱǿ󡣹ؼǣڸʮӻ͵ôǮô͡
ʵһʱģȥһйزף
һ۰ţһο׮²һġʵ۵˵ǣٶڸҲһοĪ˵üǧ򣬾һһֵۣá
ǷôõɣҪҪʰ̯ӣʵд¡
ʵУЦӦлǺӡһ仰òڷûѺϽһ
һڸδػᵱȻʵ̫ɸʵһġûĹ򣬺ܶ˺¶δ˳ˡ
һһԼΪʵȡһĻʱ׼ս
ĪҪһһ׼սˣɰߵƲ⣬ʵۻΨһû׼ġһҪҪܺùûС
׼ܺùִ¡
սпء
ߵϷһѣֲܣҲܣʵƲˡ
ȥ޿š
ʵĬĬĳأȡһˮ壬ں֮󣺡ˣǳǰܣڴһ١
һ£ȾһĨʺ־һӡʵȻָһʱƳ˿ڣѪðָͷˮϡ
һ˿Ķһʱˮ徹ȻصĹâһЩеʺ죬·ˮһ͸ԼԼּһֶص
һֳĸоͺһ˵ľ
Ѫɫ͸һһĻһûʵ۵ָ⡣


223 ݶߣҰ
ţ
ʵۺȻƺһڴڴϢϽһۣһĨ֮ɫô᣿
һʵһ˵ķ֣ǳĳЩɻߵȷڵѪףѪ;ķӦ̫ǿˡ
ϸĸӦһʵɫ𺳲ѣҡͷ·𲻸ŷ·ţѪ;ȻȻ
³ʵļȡеѪ;һʱᵱУһƺߣһѪϺϽʢ
ߵѪ;УȻ̲ؼΪҵĳʵһʱֲͱƲᡣ
һ˿˿Ѫһ˿˿ĽɫĴӻʵ۵һֵָֻ⣬һһεĽ
һֻڼȡߵѪ;һֻ֣ȴڱƳԼҵѪǽɫģģСĶ
һ㣬ͻˡʵɻһһ˦ָδδѪȻһĸʴذ塣
㣬ʵϢһ˫һץǽɫ縡ӰС״׻ڣضһϳ֮
һЩ֮һЩһ㣬֪ƴֿʵۡ
ʵɫһץסһȭ¡һ°֮ڵذϣ顣Ȼʮָ׷ɰ֮˺ɷ顣
ʮָסһһһЩΪǵ֮Ϣı£Ϊغׯڵĵ
Щ֮ԽԽǿˡ˵òȥǵȲǺӻˡʵأ¼ȡһһļȡȻεİ֮滻ȳٴɢ
ˡǺӵѪ;ȡĲࡣᡭһ֮滻ƳȻΡ
ʵʱһ£ߵѪ;ǿ
ζʲô
ʵޱ飬ȻЦģŻϲôЦ֮˵ˣǺӵѪ;ޱȵǿһ߾㹻
ʵۣϲãҲһЩ˵ĸӡ
ʱߣʵֵۣҰǶߵķݣ

֪ҪȥĽŲҪ١
һˣڶߣǼˣȻһЩɫĺۼѩڻ֦ڷѿ
֪Ƿһ·ıÿһ˸еƣͿ಻ԣ˶˵ˡûûߣżĬ
⼫һ粻ĹһЩĶӵ㣬ʼһƬϡһ·Ҳίʵ۽磬еεĸо
Ȼû˵˶ٸ̣ǰ޵·ܶ࣬ƫƫѡһѵģҲʹġ
ķף̡һ·Խǿޣһ·ϵĲ壬Ҳ𽥵ĶһЩϢһӳֵʱ֪ڻعˡ
Լڶ޺ͱ޽λϣһĳԾȻڵƽߣֵģҲǳϲġ
Ƿѣһѯʲ֪ԭˣǰչʥ˵ʱ͸һֻһһ䣬ǰյԸ
˵Ƿʵִһسǡܲסıԭ̫ˣһˣһԸΪŦԼ
ҸջϢһ¡߽ȥ·úʥС򣺡ӣͷȥ̽̽ϢţС٣㲻ȥȻûٹ˽Ѷܵġ
Сٲ鲻Ը죺ֲҺƣơвĵ
ɩ˰ɡΣضӰȾܡ
ջȻʷλʱĳջܷĴڡջǲһ㣬˵һ㣬Ǽֱǻվ͵Щջ
ƷʵĿջҪڱƾǣ߹·ͶɡĸԶһĻζɢ
ѽóһļ룬һӷ׵ԲС򷢳߷ģĲǹСŪôͨʽװġ
պһ¡һС򣬶ʱ͹µµĹڿջżǰߣޱڳԲͣһ硣
᲻áơһ·һۡ
Сơأ¼ڴˣܵӴټǣʦһ·ֻһ·µķ̬ҲЩˡ
סջһЩܳԵķˣʱ򣬹ضҲøϣǡԼǧˣǿǶ֡
ŲطءЦЦضӺܿ㽫һЩϢ˵˳˴౱޴ԼҲ̫ȫ˵ɹڸ̡
Ǵɺͺս죬ֻЦ֮дʹϵȴһһϣûӴ
ֻдһΨһ϶֣Ǳ߲ԭϵĲӣ˾ӣְӲһɺӣһСޣ޲սһСһ򣬲úܡ
ɺһζĿսǣһϢ

һ˵ʱ򣬿ջĳ˲סƵƵ
˵Ҫһһλ̲סǰλէǲ֪ⶫ޵޵м·̣ͨвˡһ·кüɽ
˵ףءƺǶ߿ŵеЦ
ĵ̣ж۽硣һ֮أһԺУһʡ֮أһԺС۶ģû
ߵ˼ˣλֳɫһͬУ
л˶طŵҪȥһʱգǶҡ
ûʲôӦͷ꣺ȥɼɷɷ塣֪Ҫʱղܻ
Ѿɷˣأ֮޲һɫࣺСߣɷһ׵¡ңɷƷԽãպսҲкô
ĪҪʵѡɷǡа۵ѣʾ֪֭ӦȿһⷽĶһȣҼǵúʲôطɷ
һ˵ȵĹģߴ飬ҲЦã֪⼫֮أΪһϵɷ
û뿪ƣʵ۴Լͻ׼˱黨һΪ׼һɷɡ
ضץͷƤ֪ĶŪӣø죺̫Сˣôɷûôһ̣ӳ˵
߱ϷƵı黨ǱûӰˡ
ضӺʹص޲Ŀɿڴߣߵ׻һЩʲô
һߺܻû׼Ϊžĸ֣ضӵȾ̿ˮҲе˼оһͶˡ
ضʦĽ˵Ƕʮµ֣Ҫôһ֮ţҪôǷӡȻе
³ʲôɷ
ˮɷǾˮɷ̫࣬Ҳеˡ
۾һİ𣺡ãǼΪģҲһһĶɷã֪
ڨڨһЦȻ˼˵Ǵѧѧʿƭġ
˼һᣬȻͽһȥ


224 Ӿտ
ѩڵĹ⾰һֻɫһɶܳѰʳ
ֻСצڱٰٰȻʲô֪ˣʱĻһȻթһıмаĹ켣ӹٵĻ졣
ʦءһ㲹һ硣
žȻڻȻֺЦظһԱԹߣһ춼һЩʲôġ˵ô˵»ǰϲ
ߴͷɥĻȥƵʦǲ֪жءһ㣬ֽѹ
𣿳ءȻͽܣһôЩʱ֪һͽܽԽԽӾʱ򣬾ԽԽſں˵
߶ûϰߡ
ʦ˵㼸ʱͻΪʦءȥ˱ܲܳĺģָˡʱһǵ٩һѯʡ
ڹڣºȻʧ˵Ҫһ·϶лʵɣߴӦȻҲǿһʦĽλ˵ºôǶء
ҭͽΪʦеԷˮأߵʦҡ
ڨڨѣĿǰѧǲˣ۾ûԹ൱̸ֽҲ൱ûҽ
ôµģҲġλѧʿĵص㣬ǱȽȷһŴڶ޼ǾĲҵˡ
ضӵ˵Ȱ˵еġб黨ҲóȻ£Ȼ岻ô졣
һ;кüϵƿ𾳣һҪƿһȹǾ񻯼Ĵ֣ʮꡣ
ʥ˼룬Ҳеѧɱ
µһؼģϢ𣬺񣬴磬žĿˡϢֻҪأǺˡ
һϢ㹻еաʲôϢ𣿾ǲϨ֮ѲǱȥҹ۴ţƨɡ
ɷϢأգֻ˵ɷսһֺõɷͨģȻҪǿ١
˵õɷ治һġûݵλѾָʲôõɷˡɼܶԴ˽ܵĸȨƷϵ
ûǮûȨûûûλѵõߵĳɾͣĶһġҪƽļǧôô졣
ȡһӲӵĽƱ⣬ǶƱһǿģܿ޼ȡ
һڱƣôܿô⡣

һң㻨˶ʮ죬ѩתơҪ׼ˮīѩä֢Լûˡ
ݵй찧ţҪҵأţͷһҪˡ
ֵһ£ΪȻҪһЩģŶʮʲôܶ߶ΪѰϵɷòϰһء
˵ģǶͨ˰ɡƲ죬ͨ˳ײˣȻĶϵɷרɷģ϶֮
ǱѩڣһЩﶬ߳Է˯򶹶߾§ݴӣ˳򶹶ҲôһЩӵģһЩҰζء¿û˸㽲
̰ͼܵߵζƷʮ㣬ҲһգһһֻӾִˡȲקһ͵ĽƵȣʦ£ϴ㻹û˵ء
üеӶ񣺡Զʱ˵Ǹʲô
һҪ˵һǵһɽء֪Ĺ£Ͻģ̫֪ˣһδģİΡ
һ·ɷģǱ˳˵һЩ޵Ĵº¡һ£𺳶ϳ
Ϊһ۵Ļ¡˵򵥣һǿۣ֪ôĴŮϲһ˻һ飬Ը
ǼõѣһܶꡣκΣǻۣڣˣλ벻ˣڰǰһθס
绹ûбռ졣ԣ۸׵Ľǿ֪İһ³ܲסôİһû뿪͵ˡ
ô꣬ôʧǰ۵Ͳ˵ˣʧǵˣȴǽж˸˳ȥ
ϴξΣֻü˵ˡĹҲ򵥣֪֮ôģλ۱ŭͬǸΧˡ
ٺʧˡ룺Ƕǰ£λ۾˵ڶ޼һƬʧٵġСıײϡ
ײϲҪҪŮǸײϾͺˡӯöôŰôϳһݻء
һСĵļһԴײڶʯϡʱһ·һԶߴһƴ飬һխɽ϶֡
ϲ˵ѧʿס϶һ·˼ףȻһ·ȻȻһխСѹôء

һ·Ѷ룬ͷһɽȡ
ɽȲȴһּΪŤĸоȻһů紺ļ󣬶һȴɱѩأ·űˣδı
һŲȥʱһɭϿӣ䰡ÿ죬Ȼû׼Ͷˡ
һһ̤ȥȴǹ̵̹ζܰ˸ڻ
СģɷͬСɡޱȣ̽ĴȥĦһ£ŷģû⣬Ӧܳء
һ£Ȼû⡣ȴһ룬ȡǰڹ˼ڶڣʱ۾ֱˡһиȥȻһɫӡӶû¡
Ŀ߲鿴Էɽλϣһ·ȪҺ建ͣͲȴһ𻨣ǻʱ򣬺һɫʰ쵵Ĺ塣
ɷ¶ݣһ֣һһɷˡȴǡǡɷ֮أصɷ
գգۣѵҪˮͻ壿һǷˡ
ˮ𣬴Ǿɷ²Ľһʶˮ״ʵֻǾκӡ
߻ȻҾ˵ɷⶫӦ壬㲻úҲҪʯ
أ׼ˣ
ʱ׼ţϱʵȶԱôﱤݣȻ͸¶㣬ǾĽȥɡ
¶΢ЦȻиԤУ߻Ϊĵӡ
Ƥӣססмһμߡֱ룬涮ˣʲôһ뺣ˮһ档
ӺڱӾȴڳտط߶ȥǵһôǷģķѵͬʱ顣
һߣһĺһӵһСʵȫһ󲽡
һᣬ¶ȸӸ߻ͣò߸еԽԽѰʱһ˫Ķ˵ѿڶã
Ъ˹ļС
һʱߵһ뱻ᣬһͨ죬ȼյĻ


225 죬ⶾ
أ
溮ޱȣ߹̲ݡͷȻĵһ뷨
µĺһ飬һүǣҾͿˡ
ս飬壡ϼүӶʱ巢쭣ǿߵ£ȻХҷһԾӶݳ
ϥ˹״ɫغ£һ֮
һϥķתھѨУһһתȴ־һЩЩļѡ´ȣ񣬰γɷ
ɷһ˵ǰˣɷҲãɷҲãΪǡɷܼʱγһھѨһΪҲൽͷˡ
֪žǰ磬徭Ѩеʡɷڣǵ߻·ӣһҹصǰ
ϸĸӦߺܿȻ֣ɷ͡ʱܾεɷһڣǾݵİ̲һˣ㲻˵˼
֣ãÿһɷص㣬Ҫȶص㣬γ
յ߲ɫӦһ£ɷһ˿˿һƣھݵĺȻˮɷѨвס쭻𻨵ľǻɷ
°һ⻹ôãˮɷڽˣǾΪ鷳£˵ȰγѨеĻɷ
ԣߵˮлУ΢ƫˮһЩһ˵Ȱεɷгֵ
ÿ˶лԣһսתģҲ־˶ٶսȻһЩЩҪ
һ˵ս飬ǷӲսģҲñŤֻų߶벻ʦרΪԼ׼Ես顣
ĳЩϲĳֻսս鼼ȴԶԲϡʱʦӺϳս飬۸սԵķΧˡ
ͺԺãδΪǿû׼ҲΪԲ·оŤ
һ߰ˮɷڵ֣һһ˵¡һ߳һߺܿ͸ӦԷҲΪγɷҵһǡôҪҩʱ򣬾Ͷҵ
õġ£˼ѨĻ𶾰εȳȥ
һİУܿ˳ˣһʩΪǷٵİγ𶾡һֱһҲ£ڵĵһѨ
˴ص֮ءǴģͺñȵһݵ㣬𶾵ǿġ
һ಻ϰΣµһһͳʹƾ㹻ǿѹһ֮ǿаѻ𶾸塣
ˣȴһſһڹҽѪ￩һ¡ȴչգʦ㶨𶾡
ǿһЦԼеƺһЩԾ

һȥˮҲͲˡ
½ˮɷγ˺üʱɽȶҲǺ壬ǳɽȣѰһܷѩĶѨȼ
ɫһЩ˵Ĺ죬ֲ԰ףǲӰ죬˸߲ҵȡһֻɵӣʦտ
ȻȡһСץðһѩĳȥϡѩ˿ˣŷһЩǷۺ͵ζƷȵȣһ
ɫⲻÿ֪Ϊλˣʼ磬ⲻڵʦ
ʱˣһ쵱Уֻʱܽȥʱ򶼻գʮǵִʱǡǡĸʱ䡣
һ磬һҹ²յִȥȻ߱ɣˮɷĻҪ
߸òúȣһ߼˵ҹˮɷʢʱ򡣵ǱͲͬһˮɷǣǿʱǡǡʱ򡣡
һ쵱УˮɷֻʱΪƽġֱҹ硣
һ˼»ĥˣΪʲôᵮôˮɷһܶණӭжˡ
¾ᣬ߸Ͻʢһʦô𣬺úõغԾˡ
ҭͽأǲأһЩͿˡ
һҹʦͽлһᣬϢˣڶȻ֮󣬱¾ֱɽȡ
ɽϸĵĹ۲һᣬ²סĸ߽һЩҪ㡣Ȳʱ߶񣬽סһһɫ磬һɫ߽ȥ
Ψһȫɿߣż⣬ֲ֧ĺȻƵʮ衣һʱˣЧеİߣһϴֻ첲סչӣҲģġ
ֻκһԿľһв̤
ˮɷ㣬һͷë¿ǰ׼Ŀ֦ͱͱˮɷ
ʵ֤ͱ˭ľջ˲ˣﲻԷͬᷢ쭡ˮɷһ쭣Ǳ֦һžžĶмһȴȼյĻǣǳ
ס̿ˮһǧȺһȣô¶ȻϷһ̫˼ˡ
ڣĲ𽻼Ӷ롣
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Ȼɷһ־ϳˣһǾĶɷҲίʵ벻ͨߴ֪ġ
һʱܿͲˣ߼æһ뿪ɽһ׼ɷһߵȴҹ
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ҪǣǶᲢǺ䣬ȣȣȣն


226 ʦҪû

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ѨĲǻɷˮɷģǻɷɷ֮󣬻˱˴˵ص㣬γһּΪصɷɱˡ
ߴʱҪˣȻǲļʵȴǿҪˡ
ˮл𣬻ˮңжȫˡ
һʱѧʶԨͨһĻĲ裬Ȼһץסһݣϣζˣϣ
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˵Ϊʲôһûԡ߷ŭǴϱӵҽѧңΪʲôץ˺֩оһǵĳж
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ڵɷﵽһʱŲסʱƾɷһ඾⣬ߡɣµķӡ
һĹ򣬸ıԽԽﵽһߡ²ģЦˡ
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˿һϣܵƽҲ·һ֮ˡ

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оµ壬ǿһ۾Ծѣ˵ʦһҿǾ㣬ͽء
Ҳʮ꣬ĳЩ˵һûŶ
һһͽܡ


227 ɫŮɫ
ߵһܲˣܺСһȴתˣ˵ͷ
ǺˣⲻдˡߺܿͿ϶鷳ʱҪߵɷåһµ̾ˬ˳ˡ
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߲ѧо츣ȫģӲŷ⽨ʱȫģǽΰ˰ɡԣеϸԶ룬ûҪһһˡ
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羳ǿܿѵһžܷŵۣһĳܸС
ƽ޹ʵĶ˼βۺҪգǲݵ

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ȨȨۣ߲ۡǿһ׮·ϡ
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ʵһҪ˻ʵĴ㣬޼ıؾ֮·ߣǼпܡ
Ƿ񱻻ʵ۷ŷݣСү̫ں룬ۻʵļ⣬ǷҪ¡
һοհڣҪһʱӵһֻأһŻгֵԱ
Ҫȡѹ׵ı죬ԿѾǷǷĳɾˡ߼ڣ۶ˣظеûȫС
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һ·ϻСǵʱ߶ʱˣҸɣ˹ãսͣԺ
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228 ɽļҵ
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ѣߺǺһЦСԾѣά
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ֳǣһЩͨӷȻ½ıһЩͨﷸȵȣӡûٸ֣Ҳ°ߵˡ
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һʩΪ󣬵ȴһᣬһַǷζϤľεĸоһӿͷ
һַǷȸУ۴İϣ۵Ŀ·ŤˣһµȺһֵͼ֡
ѪꡣһǱѪһǷĵꡣԼһ˿뷨˲䱻ͼˡ
һеͼ鱾ëʣԼӡ£


229 ĳ֮
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˼һһ䣬һһңǡǳҰһǡǡƵģ䲢ȱһɡ
֮ĿڡΪӡĿǡ߷һĨ峺΢Ц񣬲ĳ佫˳Ҳ˼
˼һᣬݲڸս飬Ǳͭ΢ͨͭԺأһԶʴԺܵ
һǽ߶ʱһЩˣĳЩ񼣬Ҳӭж⡣
Ӧĳȴ佫һơ𰸳ˣĳҲ佫ǡø佫⿴ʱ
үٵĳɾͿ϶ûʴ󡣿Ǵ֮үӾĳǴ֮ǱΰĴˡ
ߵʱˣŸĳս飬ǾͲҪָٱʫʫʥڶ̫ˡ
ʹᣬĵЪ˹źǲݵ
ǲǸս飿߳ٳûĿǰߴս飬һɫս飬ٸս岢
ߴʱܳܵķ룬ԼǡǡǸս飬ƻ½׵ġ˵ףΪǲϢ𾳡
ս飬Ҫܸߵжϡֲŵս鱣ûҪʧѪԽɵĸս顣
жǿΪܸǿս顣ͭĹɡ
֪᲻Ḵžģ֪ûҪս飬ҲֻۼĿǰѵȱս飿
ʺ˵ߵս鶼ȺŻҪǿˣⶼ油Ӣ۵ǳˡ
ĳ֮᲻ʲôʵģͭܶණҪԸĥءҪǸһɦ
һ˵ˣͭܶɶҪĥ

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ܸսˡһ㶼˷ѣ֮ף񻯸ֵľΪѵá
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սĬĬվڵϣһᣬϢʵһһȻ¶һԲĸоץ׼͸ĸо
սһ뷢԰׵̧֮࣬ͷһЦǰǷһݣݼ
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ܶҪս鹵ͨϣѺܶʱ䡣߸ս飬ȴΪõ꣬쳣ɡ
һᣬߵ۵ӿϲã޵ľϲĳ֮һܴܴľϲ

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ͺĻƽʱһβĸҪһһ飬ҪŮ˸㣬ӲҪ˸㡣ͬġ

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ܴϵõʲôܸɽկʲôôʲôת䣿
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ʵһ̺ܴӣ߻ӻ֣Σֻһ֡
ҲһӣʵǶ֣ɽϬǸ֯ҲǶԷ֡

կ壬ߡӦ¿Ϸ㹻Ϊ׵һˡ
ɽկ޷ǾҪһ·߼ٹ˽Ļ˲ֹһƱǡûʵûĹñӺȨҲ⶯ñƵԴɽկ
ĭʽ̸һϸڣķסҾկˡ
˾֮࣬ࡣأϣԭĴ㣬Ƿ⣿СѾͷʱȻһ
Ѿͷ߹ȥСѾͷο䣬һҲʱ˵֪ˡұǴȥСѾͷʱš
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ȻҪıѱƣͶҲڱһȱǮٻʵ۵ĳ磬ǰ̡ǳԴŰйȻαô
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Ҫӣ·˰ǡǧҪգԵ˼һ£Ȼܳܵġ
һսһ·ļֵӡΨһԱİ취˭ף
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ʮƮƮӲӵĽƱϣȴǸһֺܳĸо
ĭһԲòųһҶ
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234 Ů
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һֻһţƤ֣صϡϼƤĥһ𣬾ȻƤĥá
һȭУΪצӼй⻬ʯڣָͷ絶棬ץ֮ʯֱ䡣һ͵ĽһСɽ·һºҡ
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ĭ㲻ǰǡǡС·֮ǶʱԨ壬ҸǡûʣǴӺδ֪ģΪǶ壬Ϊɽկҳ·
ĳɫ΢䣬Ůʲô
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ĭԶ䣺ߵ˼ǣΪЧֻĺ¡ĳɴ㵣Ǳƣ
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񻯾žǿġеͷֵ幫ߵˣ츳вŸɵˡҲóˡ
ҲǸߣǸߵ˿
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ǡʮ羳һ֮šû粵׺ͶȴߵΣսϡá
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ǧܵľ㸲һе֮ûܳܣûܵڶγ֡
ԥΣϣСԴ⣬˵᲻֪û
סһƷ磬ãֵĻش
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235 ܾ
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ȻΪϱߵһЩϢˡ峿һ¶飬ѿȻΣȻһȻʹ¶Ʈɡ
ܶ¶飬һһĴ˷Ʈ·һһֻµϲԲʮ¶飬ɼա
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ߵʱɵȥΪܾϹˣ·һɱҪɣҪɣ˾ɱף˾ɱһй
»ںһ˵㼸ʱйزŸ͹
ǧܳˣǹˣȴǿӺѵ֡
ߣթС츳ɫƷǲ˵ȴ϶һǧܺȻȻǾ仰Ȼͽء

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Ȼһ˵װ磬վɽ۸ֶ
ʼһˣֵϢǲüʱȫ档ƾһˣټĶޣҪҵһˣȴ롣
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ǰ·һַĳУǶ޺ͱ޵ļҪͨҪ֮һ
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ԣԶ磿˼ҪߣǾֻбޡ
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Ȼʿһѽһ򱾵عٸšɫĴǰʿǰȥ޷Կͺ˵Ƹˡ
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һűĻᣬ֪ǰ֪ɫɷ׵ĽȥһϢλ߲˵أ֪ǣ
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ĳһңԶĵطҲƵ̸
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ҵлץһҪġ
ˣΪʲô
Ժܶ˵Ҫģľ鱨ˣ

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Ϊļֵ츳Լ鱨Ŀ׵ľǣΪǱضеġ
߾һͱѵĶӣͱͲˡЩصͷ˵У˿ͱˣҲû
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κߵĸ˱ǩ̫ǡˣթһû˶֪һܣ˶û뵽ߵһ·ߡ
Ǿͺһ·ߣҪߺ·˵Ȥ˵Ǳ̬Ҳһ㣬˼ˡ
Ŷƽ·߲ߣҪ·ǧôпգôࡱ뷨Ҳû˸ϡҲС
ҪΪ˲ɼɷ߲ŲᶵôһȦһûӦǰڱ޳ĺġ
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ھһǸɶǸ·Ұһ·׷ֱޡ
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ܿ죬ܿҵپͻᱩ¶ˡϢҪʱģжҲҪʱ䡣ȸ·ˣСүѾڴ質ܾʡˡ
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߸׸裬ϸϸĬĬᡣ
ںϴߣһϴˢˢͬʱһ߷質ںܾúܾǰӵӵ㡭ںܾúܾǰ뿪ȥԶ衣
ܾʣΡȻƮ꣬ȻȴĹڣ
ʲôˣΪʲôʻӦ
覺Ȼ뷨ʦߵ֮űĳ嶯Ҫģһ˵ȴڴӦˡ
ΪʲôȲذߣҧס´ȥֻѾ֮ˣ
ܾʣΡȻƮ꣬ȻȴĹڣ
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覰ͷ˫֮䣬оһֻůͷϣܵõֹģڴ߸磬ҵģ
˭߰ظĵ죺ΪһŮɱ񣡡
Ů߿һ£аĳԺֻģҡŮ
СΪЦʲôŮҾ֪ſں˵


236 ͻ
һܶ䣬һ۵Ķ졣ӱѩأ˼䣬һʱˡ
ʲôϢߴӴץһѷֵĺʹ߬һƺ̵ġ
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޵ϲзĺۼսܲȻҲδжãɺӵĴսҲǸոձ
Ϊһִ꣬ߴӲ޵еۣȻкܶ˵ġҲӲëүү˵Ҫ
ɫͣȫסӡĬĬģģסһһεںϣһһķɣﵽһϨ𡱵״̬
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ݵʲôϢԭǼ״̬˼︹̲ѣʵݿˡ
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ҪôһͻơҪôͳˡ
ںڰĶѨ׼ԽҪĹؿߣҲе硣
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εĿ꣬Ǿǻξޣȥӹѧڽɽ۽۱䣬ΡõȤ볢ԡ
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ܳƣ˿ӰڱƵĹñӺȨȨȫԶʵۡ
ûܳǰλٸߣǱʵȦһܶණ䣬Ȼȴˡǲ֪飬Ҳ⡣
֮ΪȻȻСڱƳûȥٵطǣֵ֮طͺܶһ׹
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ͨ˵Լʮ£ߴԼǰʮžȴܻһٶʮ£ıϢ

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ûһ磬ֻҪһϢأǾľϲˡ
񣬹˼壬һöӡһɷɷ壬ȴҪ޳Ĳɷɣһġ
ⶫĪҪ˵ߣ൱˹̹ʦǣоȻİ߶ٱСɻһ
ضӶһѶ֪ΪΣһЩĸо
˵Сӣ᲻óȻ񾳣ڶʱ侹ȫһΪһΪǾǷҪ˰
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ԣһͻ񾳣
ߵⰵˬѣһͻ񾳣͸ǸǷŽʱˡ
Ų㶼˼˵Լ콭ģ˼ðʿ


237 Ůɼƻ
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֪ΪΣߺȻһǿҵֱϢ𣬺񣬴籾һͻƲǡġ
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ʥ޵Ĳ壬Ҳ˼;ⲿİԵڲȴǾʥѹֻ˼룬ΪˣҲ˿Ϸϡ
ģ͸һġ۷壬ͬʱﵽߵļˣȻֻƽ⡣
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ĿһСѾͷصκȻһ䣬ʢҶˣ
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СѾͷض󣬺˵ʲôֺ̫ŪС˼ġ
СѾͷȻȸԾѨ֮ڣߺ߸磡һ߻УȻͷؿŴغͶ֮
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Ȼһɫʾ⣬Ȼȥ̽һ
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ķ֣һȺ˶вΪȴȻΪס


238 ¼ĽҹϮ
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⣬΢ĹУĹ⻪裬ԽԽ죬ƷԽԽ
ǿ콣Ӱ١һ·ɻĽһ·ĳΡ
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̽˵һ֮󣬲ߵĻѡһУһαЦɫͲʲôҳ飡
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СѾͷҪûʱôȥδؾʲô¡ΣҲһǿΪܡ
СѾͷϻۣҸ֪⣬ʱɫ䣺߸磬˵ߡ
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˱Ƶרۺܸߣ
װһЦ·һ䣬ǡôĿݽ֮ĺڰС
˶ܿ죬ҲЧʣ¹ⱻڱεĶ̶ʱ䣬ѾǱԺ򷭹ֱΧסߵ˵ķ䣬ݶϻ˰ѷ硣
רҵ߳Ц⡣
ݶĳˣ±һƣ֣
Ȼ䣬Ǳҵײǽ½ƺ


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һɫȻѣΪһĺƺһ󺧣
ͷĿɫ䣬Ŀôж֣
һɫɨűҽӰޱȵ˽תۼ䣬Ľݺᣬ͵ɨںǵϡ
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ⲻðӥ˾ҹϮΪ̽ߵĵסսӪ֣ҲΪ̽ףмܲסͱӪ¼ϸ߸衰Ҫɡˡ
Ҫô츳Ҫôѡ
غͶֻܴ֮Ǳסˡ˳˼·ڨڨ֮࣬Ȼô
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ñ޵ĿɨλĻţûһСÿ죡
ڸ̸֮ǰߺоĳһ׮£һϵе£
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244 һд
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ǣǷӡ˭˵Ƿӣ˾һǷӡҹеһһԼ֪߹ȥˡ
Թżᷢ衣
ߵ֮࣬ʹضޱţϲϴߣȻзӡȷе˵ԡ
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һϴϸɾ·ߺȻһסͷε󼸰ѣһ÷Եİ
Ůˣеˡ㲻ڣû˰Ūͷ
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ִǮȨסȨסֻӵֶܻڣܻþʡ
ŲᣬקڡͷҲأˣǱһЩɡ
һͨݳǣûֵÿġ뿴ɻкֵܶ㿴ҹ΢ЦߵĶ棬Ҳߵ硣
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¶ȻоʣȻƽǻеģ̫ۣȴҵˡѵһ⣬ûԼ
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ʧЦҪһǧһֻҪһʹ´ࡣֻһҲֻһȥһصƲѡ
ҹвˣϸϸƷζ᣺ʱ滳һһϹ
ɨϵ㣬˵Ե꣬ͣǴ⡣ȴһЩ嵭ġ
ҹһɰ˷粻ͣ΢ЦֻһҲֻһҲֻһҲֻһ
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ϸĴλӪ֪ͬһ󣬾һһˣٸɱּСһЩ˻˰˰꣬һľͷһЩȴԽԽ

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ƣڶޡǱޡҹкЦҲ˵ͼ
̫ԣҺ˵ˡĥһֻⱻҹиǣߣʱЦѣ˲øУȥµġ
ҹ̾Ϣɽ壬ֹʱԽ󣬾ԽҪСģв̤ܶʱ򣬶䲻һõģҲƤӸЧ
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߱ʾ⣬ССıдѴСʵκһ졣ڱƣʵһҪһһǷ
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ĳЩ˵ĲУƮҡߵߡ

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̸ΨһĺϢǣƺ²Ϊɴ˻ȥˡ
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˵ǻʵ۵˼Ҳ˼
޷죬رְ
ݴñ޷ְ֮ͬʱȻα죬Ʒ䣡
⣬һߵš


245 ͳ챱޷Ƶ
ٵϣһڵ
˵࣬ࡣ˵٣ȴҲ١һѣԵһĿġ
ǳĬģҲʳģټһĵ·ϣѵǰһЩһֻһȫһĵطһЩȴûôԶ
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֤֮߿˼ۣͷʵ۸ʲôɻΪСүһҪ飿
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꣬ʹݣ䱱޷һвþ;𣬱޷ºͲȨͬʾڣֻҪºͨһ¡
ߵƷɺ޷졣ȻöһٰһвŸɵȥ˼Ȼ
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ò˾ʲôġ
üΪ⣬Ϊŵݣ
ǻʵױдģߵ߸еޱ𾪣


246 ߵȨ
𷢳ࣵ졣
˿˿⣬¹ߵϣһʱһʱ磬һʱһʱĥ͸
һ֮ȻˡٿһƵдţۣһĨ峺ĺȥ
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ϹûӰƼǧֻҪһ˿嶼¶֡Ϲǰػߡ
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һһŭɱ


247 ҶǶƤ
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Ƶģȴɱڵҹе߻һһɴСȦӡ
ٲȻΪΣҹпȻȣڣ㵱ҪСӣ
ƶϣһӰһƮҡñ̤ޣƾճ֡ǿգνﲻ֪ǿЦ
ǿһֲ֣㿴߸ҲһٵǰѶ̽ǿôǣҲʱˡ
ҹüڣҪĶһֶˣһЦڽɽʱҪЮˣһëû꣡
߳ԾҿѵëˣĦһضӿЦѣǡͽһ£ҹеȻеСס
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һеڶҵƶûƵ۹Ȼǲ˴Ӫߣߡ
㲻ֵġ
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ˣһߴӱ޷ӦһߴӱƵԮģ󶯸ɸݴһû
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ҹ̯ϧƵ۵̬УֻȻƵۺͺã֮⡣
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ߺܿ˦ɥ¸ˣɴһ㣬ʱĻϰˡ
ɫһ٣ҰЦ
̸ˣҺܹء


248 ط̸
̸ˣҺܹء
ҹ磬Ƶİһ̲޵ĻڻɽҰĺڰС
ȼգڣһһĵ䡣ҰУʵͷζȴţ
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һ˫۾ںڰз⣬ԾҲԾֵ㻳ɵ˺ܶ࣬Ƶһεһкܶ࣬˵
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⣬࣬ǾûҪһһоˡ
һԲĿƽؿţڵȴߵĴ𰸡
ЦҴһܶɵˡȻһκǰĶΣҲᱻһԵˣϲơ
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ҹüһԲȴ˵ȥһҵһֱÿ¶ƵʱһЩǡô˵ܵҡ
ǡãյŵͬʱ޷˸򱨡غͶ֮࿴һۣԼеĳЩԻڽ⿪
ЦЦݾͲ˵ˣ֮˵ģϼһ鱨ҺȻ֣ⶫʵϣǱϣҺ޸ϵ
ص˻Ȼһͷ⿪ܶȻӭж⡣

ҹʼ磬ȻӷֱõˣҾ֪Ƶۺͺ⣬ҲıӪȻ᷸˵ӵĴ󡣡
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ס°ͣ°ϸϸëѾˣѰζӪùң֡ôӵȻҲͲڡ
ҹΪȻûӺˡ
죬ָӥ˾ߣԺ˼ûϣҲߡҲ֪Ƿд׷ҡɽ˾ߣǿղĶ˶ӡ
ûдˡҹг壺һ··ôˡ
ӪȻø·׷ߵߵ˵ˡûӵˣûˣô
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⣬ҰúֵϵĶ⣬ԶϵĶˡ
߲һҪǿʤˣһΣ鱻ȶĳ裬ĺһ֡
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û̸ܺõ
ǿߣţҲûΪ̸ܱΪָʹ˶ΪҪλҪ̸ݡ
ǰǧָʹˡ˵ǻʵ۵˼Ϊ̸·ʵδزǱ̸ˣǰݡ
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ߵͷۣ۸ģģ
ԳһЦԽû˱Ƶ֮֮ͿǱף㣬ҲܶϤ֡
̸磬ǵһΣҲΨһһΡ
˿꣬ûعǽεĿҪܾԺܿ
̸һǳǳµĶ֡ԼǿһˣҪóıԸ
ǰһˡ겻ѣһƤû̫ȥ
ʵЦЦߵ̸ˣֻǲ㾿ʲô
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̸һЦҼʱˣǴ̸ֻ˳ףƵۿܻҪ뿪ƣľҡ
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̸ʧЦڳģ⣬ѵǾһѵ뱻ɱˣź֪
ƿԣǻŭ޴й̸ȷĳ˵Ƶ۵ǱвǴ̸߿϶¶·
ǡǴ̸߾ˣƵҲ֪ҪܡϻѵƵ۵һȦף
̸׸Զ꣬κûطϾ̸û˵ߣҲûʾֻǹ˵ĳܡ

̸絭΢Ц
ߴ˴ЦĴ̸ָˣݵ֮ҲòǸͷǻԶˡ
ѵ̸ܹƵ۵ΣգܣܣǾҲ̸סµϢͺñһп˵
ضӵ˸ãȻ֪Ǵν̸ȻͲ֪ôӵġ
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ҹаһᣬʱڲ죺ΪˣҲˣ
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һκͽݺᣬɽʯ裬ǲס쳹ĺʮɫɫʻ¹ǹҹ
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غͶ֮ȻĴͦš¿ߵĹ૵֪Сߴգ͸ȻؼһˣҼġ
һĵץסʦĸ첲ܻļȵʦûۣԼҶǼƤء
ֻһͽܣۣΪأӼƿô򵥣ʴɻʵۣҪʱۣܵͳһˡ
̫飬̫Ҫˡǿ̼Ƥһ£ûУСڷκǾԵսԼκ˵
Ҫô˵Ƶ۳߼ֱءǿɣȻҲս
߱ʾ⡣һ仰˵ˣ۾ֻԷɻˣ͹ˣҪָ֪ܳ֡ˣۣ粻֪ȥˡ
гֵɱ۶ġ
ɽҰΧǴݱˮȣȻԵã̵뵱쵼ǺáǧҪס쵼ߡ
һСӰдȻãǲˣ޷²봦á
Ȼ⻹ûء˵ģӣǱޣϲϾǳֵķӥ˾Ժжϲġ
ףһ̧ͷ˼ʱȥΣ
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žں˾˾ûںʲô޷

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̸緺һĨЦ⣺֪ʲôʣȻĶӣΪҪ˶㣿
صͷƵġ̸Цȥ״ޱ飬ľ׮һߡ
̸ĿתؿߣòŻ˵һ仰
Ϊ㲻Ķӣ


250 걻͵תӤ
Ϊ㲻Ķӣ
׵һըߵĵףһʱ߾ŭڣ˼Ĳ֪롣
һɲǣ߼Ϊ̸綴ϤܣһҲһͱϡ
̫ɫ䣬Ȼһʱʩչ˵Ľ̸⴫
̸һĨЦͲĶӡ
Ķӣ㣬㲻ǡ
߻һ˵ǣʮǰǵһӡǸӣ㡣
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ŵ飬һƽȥпһ̸˼һ룬ʱһ̸ˣ⻰˼ǣ
߲幫Ķӣ⻰˼ʵڰ̫ˡ
̸ͷβһֱߵı仯һ֪Ҫֻһ֪Ҳֻһ˵Ĳɡ
Ķӡû˻ҵ˵ǡ̸緺һĨɬңδԼ
̯֣ҲסҲ幫Ķӣ˭ˣߺȻ׮̫аˡ
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й̸жĵħصһؼ᲻©֮ɳ
ҿ۾Բˣ棬ľԼߵķӡ幫᲻©֮ɳϹ˾;ԲǹŮϹˣֺң
ľľϹôõ˶ʼƭˣľй˵ϲͷβмԣƭľУʹޣôôں˲𰡣
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񰸣Ƶ۵УҲһ񰸡߽סüͷƺǸ̲ȤĶ
߸ƽüͷơ޷ڴɣڴɡٲһҪȥһδɵġʽһҪõ֡
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һܲص֮Ǿ˵Էбıܶˡ
һĲ롣
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̾Ϣʮǰƹ֮ʱ¶ӲΨһ͵컻յĻᡣ
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Ҳ˵֣磬ϳһ٣̧ͷ죺ٻɡ
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̸糤̾˿ϣĶӣûڵ걻һӤˡ
幫ӣ˺½źŮˣܽӴӤĴԼˡ
̸˵ģԼҿ϶ֻǲɡ
ȻߴʱȴԼϹǰ˵ǣԼǾ䡰ԲҪűƻʵۡǺпܵġ
УһϹ˵ͬսĺӿһӣʵʩè̫ӣֱͲҪ̫ס
̸Ȼ뿪ƵģۣһֵǾһ
γϣ۲Ǻèһֻöġ
ô̸ش졣ҲߵķĻػ̸Լ֪ɣǡ
̸㵣˼ûȷʵܡ
һ֣ˬĺ̸֪㾿һߵˣʲô
̸һĨЦ⣬ӵ᣺£


251 Ŀ꣺
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죬Ļˣһߺµ˶
ϸһ긻ĵĳУҲһ൱ɾʵĳС滷ɽһСأȻˡ
졣߻ͷ
Ӷ޵ޣӳϦҹ¡ôһʺϾסĳУеƣһȫӿˡߣص˶Ȳ¶ϲá
ν߹·ǧҪһʱ˫۾Ȼ۾һ̯ǣ
̯һ۾겻æһǵһ⣬ǱزýƵĽһԣ
⵴һֶصζѻԽһ⡣߸п֮Ȼȴʶһ룬Ҳһ룡
һе֥Ľ߶ʱеһ㺹ˮֻúˬ
̸ɫȻܾЧΪҩáǸÿ̶ɹģ֪ƲɹǶ٣ʮһ
֪ɲɹǶ٣
ߵһֱǷġ̸֪ʲôġ
̸һ˵һ˵Ȳ֪еĹؽڡ
ԼǳɱˡƲɹʮҪ̫ԶˡҵĲɹۣʹԼʮ֮䡣
νпԼ˼ˡɹۣӿơ
߻ûȥԼѾˡ
һιƽ£йŴ׷Ķǵ½ȵȡȻձ߱ԣǵĵֻ׸ԼЧ
ˣ֮оΣСͬǷ⽨ɿ϶ǸɲνĹƷҪʮɵ¡
̸ҹеĿУ߻֪ܶණʳҩģ࣬ɶԳɱ΢һ㱡ɹ
ʹٸѾܲˡ˴ǾԵͳɱչʡ
ȻҪǿġһҪչʣʣݳƷԼϡȱʣǿҲᾡҵ
ΪݳƷԼϡȱʣһɵĲԴǿɣҲʼĴǡ
͢ңɡһ˿Ƶһʵڲȣÿһûʵ۶˿м֡ľҵľǴ̼

̸磬޷Ħ
ߵĿҲǺܶ˵Ŀ̸粻αֱͣӰߴţǴߡȻ޷Ħ
ż룬û׼Ƶ۾Ǿ̸˼̫޷׽ŷ˵ġһ˵һ޷յĳǾͲһò÷졣
̸֮䣬Ǽˡ̸ƺûסָͽصĶƩһָʹƩ籱޵
̸ҹеһ·ָ㣬ߺܿͽ״̬Ա޵ʶһױСʡԾ޵ʶҲ𲽵ؼ
ò˵˻óһ㣬ʱ
һĳС߲޵Ϊزձ鸻ԣŲæʺ⡣˵ĸоеǱߵʤء
ҹ¶һĨڽԣûǲϵһ̲ˡ
Ϊ֪ǶԵģ˾һдաҸһߵ͵Ǯ»ʵ֪ЩҶ뻢񣬵ȹҳңҲ޿κΡ
ھϣǳȻľˡ˼۽ëһ¡ƻȥǰֱӰѽ͢ĹٻȥˣֱӾͲų͢
ǾˣҾǿ˶ĲǸˡƾһдգ㱱岻ˣʱˣҾͻ鵶ͱ㡣
νɣˮǡǡλ֮䣬һ˵ܶ⣺۶ޱޣĸ壬ǰǿҡ
̸磬ҹУ൱ԨˡǸߵĸָ㣬Ǿ̸֮
ڶ緹ʱ򣬳кȻһȵһ
߲ؿţⲻٵİգǹԱ˷ܣѾ𾴵˼Ϥϳӿȥ
ͼУ˺һᣬǹԱԼմӵһֹͨ
̸ҹɫȻأһĶʿ࿴һۣ
㣬Ҳ⾰ˡֻǣû뵽ˡҡ
Ϣ©ˣҲ˵

˵һЩ߲̫׵ĻصǲȻ¶Ȼ֮ɫƺҲһ¶֪飬ŭİʲôΪʲôҲ֪
صһ޲¥ϰǸȥһֺܹŹֵɫͺ͡
°קߣѧѡ߲ɴˡ
ѡ߻ȻȻŴѡӰȻĿãŶЩʶ»һԽɫء
˵һҪѡΣĩԣѧԣ߿ȵȣһ־ᣬͻٸɫɫѡΡ
һЩѡǳϸϵȻȻΪѡΡ޳ȥһҶ𾴣Ҳһ־ѡΡˣооѡΡ
ѡѧһѡΣֻӰܴ
ѧǾ˵ʥأʿѧӲÿһʱ䣬ѧǲ൱ɫѧʿ֮ɹ
ɫѧʿΪѧפصԱ൱⽻١
ȻȻֻˣҲϲʿϷղŲںȤĶǡǡЩפȥѧʿԾ˵ݣ͢
Ʃ磬¡Ʃ֣Ʃ˰ȵȡ
ȤǣϷУѧʿİաȻһֱδͶƱ
߶꣬˼ת˺ܶ࣬ɫԾһᣬ֪˲١
ΪƵĸ߼ţ߱Ȱ֪ĻǡΪ֪Բء֪ܶѡ򵥡
ʿڴӵԶȥ
̸ȻͷȻҪȥݣôʱ·ˡ
ҲΪʱˣʰ׼·
̸ᣬһƵɫҪȥݣӦ֪һ¡ɣ֮͢⣬һĴڡ
ᣡ
üĨƽƣȣ᣿ǿ
̸ƺôʣ˵ǿǿ˵ҲδءкǿĽᣬҲкĻڷԵİᡣ
һ٣ЦЦ͢ɺң߱ƽ󽭺ʵ
ɵĺڰӡķʽˡʾһҪôڰӰˣ߶ֶ֪͸²Ƶģһһ硣
ϸĵһ룬߾ͶϤˣƣΪʲôƺûʲôĽ᣿ҹжʱЦ
̸ɫȻһţͶˣȥ̸ã᲻
֮أǽĵطҲ˵һⱵĵط
ߺȻеͷۣ


252 ʧٸʮ
Ϳ벻ϵ¹סһƺɫɳٲȻһƬںΪһ塣
Ϳʬһе㷢Ƶתƣ͸һӻ龢˻Ƿˡ
֪˶ãȻɳͿһĿתؿ̳С󣬿տϿص
һᣬʮ۳ͿҰУϿ±߿Ҫɿݵĺǰ
ͿĿϸ۲һᣬжһᡣϵ䶯£ȻһԾٶȱ
ͿϤ·ܿʹֱ߸ȥһϢһս֮ƾһԾ·ִҴҸ·һᣬǽСС
СһǣͿһߴ󺰣ˣˡǴʮˡ
һߺȣ̰ǵǸˣܿʹչǲǷأ
ǡҿˣΪ׵һ꣬ǸҹӸ磬ǿǸĴ멡˼Ƕϵսǽһ񿥡ͿĵǾˡ
κͿ̫ᣬΣ˱ӣͿ֪ʲôǸⱲӶû
ͿʾͿүʲôûͷĶǶǲǸеġ
˺ȻЦһϷ̴ĹѸҧǰͿһͨûûĴ
Ϳˣͷļæ˵ǷҪƭǣұŹѸҹ
ŹѸܻ˹Цǻ㣡ҪôʮģǾš
ͿڨڨȴžžĶһҡҷ˵ٸ֣˶⣬ЦٸϹûһõġͳͳJǹͷпã
һЩŮ˱ǰŤϣҲֻһľ׮ⴺʮȴСһŤǷֵĶĿ⣬һɵίʵš
ٸϻͿϽȥ׼ܲܳĺľͿһƱˡ
ʮȻһЩһͨţȫԹȥ׼ˡǶŹѸһ߻ͷһֱðˮߣһ˵û
ܿ죬ǻָƽ
һ˲ǵʱ򣬿һΪõСǡ֮СǾڳͷһȫǶӦ
ǣüһ£̧ͷһۣҵջŰѵɳָժɳҳΣɫˣ齡
õģӡ֮ӦһЦݹСжϷȫҪˡ׼ԵģҲŪԵġ
߻ˣջоɲʱѡǲܳԿֻ࣬ʵûҪίԼǣ
Ϊһ׷Ʒʵˣѡ£סֵطǻ˯ڵϱأݣ
ˡһĽЦӴʮĸ˵ĺ촽˵ȶһķ㣺λӣ濡ء
ˣҪ˵˧Ŷԡ
ʮֵһЦɫƣٶת⣺ӣأݡɲǡ
һ٣Ŀɨˣ￩һ¡ߵû̫ر𣬿ɲ֪ΪΣʮһЩĸо
߶Լ޶ԣʮﰵջ𸹷̲ѡ˵ģ·ʱγĿ⣬Ȼһת̸缸ˣԼµһɨ
µձ֮ʮҪֻ֣ȴ紺ʮôҫʡ
񲻶Ծʮһ㶼κΣϵĴŴ磬ɶһһĺӵĴҲǷͬһ㡣Ƿеķ
һС̽ͷ̽ԣѯҪҪ֡
ʮЦӯӯ˴ڨһ˼һ˿̫ǮˣȻΣգȴҲǴķ
˵ҪȥǡǾͲ³¡ʮˣݺҧһ
Ŷ֣

Ʋ˺ܿ
һڣñչҩˡûԣǻҩ
߲죬óеľƲˣֵܹ֣һҩԣ
ʮڹ̨ЦõĶĶˡ
˼Ůء߲ɫؿһۣͷ԰ɡߵ˳ʮǸס񾭡
͸һʮﴳ꣬Ȼ֪׷Ҫ׵ͷϣǾ͵̯ײųǹܡ
ʮҲұ֤δζۣǣһװ취ҩԷˣǾͱضǸ֡ɼܲסµҩûЧԷΪҲҪ
һװ취ʮùΣÿζЧ׷ͼȴûжһװ취ĺô
ԷҩˣǾǷܷס
ʮ⣬Լеˡһ¶ȥһСЦؿɫӴ춼ˣλ͹٣ȵ򡣡
򱻵ϣһƵ㣬·ʮķһƮ
ʮ̧ͷһۣһĨ⣬ͷ̡СҲͿĵϰ壬ϰ壬㿴
һ̸΢΢ü˹ĵİѿӷ¡һźţ߷¿ӣȻ½¿ӡ
ӿͷʮｿЦҡҷ˹ȥӣǲƲأǡ
߷һƵЦ⣬ӣסһ鳴ƽ˵ϰ壬㿪Ǻڵ꣡
ʮеЦˣӣʲôء
ۣǻһ٣ͷҲ̧£
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ۿҪץסߣʮĻŭ֮࣬ȴȻһֻǽڴִĴбɱ赭дԺһơһȻ𵴡
ͷȻǶ֣ʮʱɫ䣬֪ΪȴһˣСϢ̿Ͱŷ⡣
̫Ҫ׷һ£Ҫȿ
̸¶һ˿ȻȥǣһϤص˻᷽ࡣŭĿ̸ٴһ
׻˵һĶֻ֣һĶѡߵĶȻ̸ƺĶѣĶ֡
ԣˡض˷ܵﶪһѶӣһԾ𣬰νһѤõĽֱȡͿ

ʮһ߸òһƿڴЩ˳ˣ֣뿴ЦءҪǵùһûܣ
ˡʮǲ뿴Ц뿴ӡһ˵Իһ˷ӵɱ
⽣ݺᣬջٻʮᣬţοˡ
úһᣬ֪⣬Ҳûս飬սһᱻ˼лüæ£ӣ˶ࡣ
߳е㲻ˣȻߵЦһ£ְɣνŮҪġ
̫ͷһ̧֣һϯ˷¡һ¶ʱΪÿѪײƿջ
һѿջƻϡʮȫͣҵĿջҵĿջ
һ飬ʮﻨʧɫ𣡡ս壬˲䱬ۿҪߡ
ߣԪһ֣ʮ׹һ˴µʵ汾


253 ֮ʮʧ
̫֣ԸһΪ߶ˣȻ
ʮãȻĵĿȻռݡ
ûˣûˣûˡջûˡϣҲûˡ
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Լɣһ֣Ǵʱನ׾ܴݻһջֱӸˣƻٽˡ
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Ҫȥǣң˭Ϥǣ
ʮĿͣ·𱻺һЩɫȻһݳˣңҲ̸֪ʱʧЦҡͷƺΪʮеϧ
°ͣޱڴһ°ëɺӵһ죬ɫ䣬סʮ°ͣһĶ˵ףĪҪװˣҸһᡣ
װʲôʮãȻ־ӣԼɼ塣
ЦЦָ̧ɨһȺŵĹµˣһȻˣ˵Դ߶
δ䣬˵Դһ¹µ
ʮɫһ䣬ĸһ˿ȻģãȻηɢֻһЩŭӣȻҩȴҲûͬΪߣα´˶֡
߸ɱǣ˵Ǳɱ㡣
мأŮ˲һ㡣˼һ̧һԴ¡ָָ۾ǿڵ꣬ˣ˲֪Ҳֹˡ
ʮЦֹ߾һʣҲҲǸƨһӣ޷ǾҸϤǵˡǣҸߡ
Ϳ˾ϰۣŮ˾ȻмЩţ˼
ЦЦҺȻıˣȱһϴŵģˡ
ͷҲؽˣ
ߵıӰʮóӷ࣬ȻȻǻĺˣûģ˵š
ʮ۹һۿ߲ûʲôӵϢһֺ֪Բ򵥡
Ҫϴţﲻ㣬ϴˮ
ʮ޺޵룡ȴû뵽һʧ㣬Ӵȥʧٸ

֮أһ൱λۡ
Ǿ֮֮һ˼壬һﷸ߾ۼ߻ӵĵطˣûһǺöԸģ붼ѱ֮ˡ
κҪ뽮ҪܴĴۡ
һ̸ԣǳ͢ԸˣֻǴۺջ񲻳ɱû˻ΪǧǮȥѺһġ
̸ִڼ䣬ûиʲôϴ֮ᣬֱӸ׳нýû
ûҴΣʮȻϤǵֲǵ֣һ仰һڶ
仰˼һɣ壬ᡣҲǰʾУȷܿĵλȷɺ֮¡
߻ӵģҲģֻκεطҪչǱġǵ򣬾ͬƹܡ
һ·һԲϰεľˣҲûҵû׼һء
ʮе㲻Ȼ̸˵Ȼʵۣлᡣʮе㷢ס
ߺ̸绥࿴һۣ֪֮طչңûУǺ١еģʵ£֮лᣬҲһлᡣ
ʮﴹףƲѡûѧʣܹ㣬ദԼݵλܸߣҲΪֺ֮ˣһʻõꡣ
ҲغͶ֮ƺĻţõȼȴ쳣ֵĻ̸ҹԼߵꡣ
˵ʣʮһ۾;ò֮ĹϵƵѡ
Źֵʮû̫࣬ܲͷ֡ǣһȻһꡣ
ʮ룺Сӵʲôͷ
ߣ˵ȥţһյǳ̤ġţߺȻʵôߣʮ·
ʮȫҶʮʮպ޲ѣ껹ﵱϴŵŮˡ
̸۲һɫһ٣һƹŹ֣Ϊˣ
ծЦ˵Ȼûʲô¨ҲٻŮĻɳ
ʮﲻĴ·һۿתǴͿ̶һȥͿ֪˼תʧˡʮ̧ͷһۣߵƺû֣Űġ
ǰʮﰵծɷ
߶ҵңȻһЦ˼
˵꣬ȻԵõĴǰŵȡ߿ûֱУõȻЩͷҲصĽҪծģҪԺΪ󣬺ƣͺ
ŵʮ︹̡

һڣһԺ䡣߿һۣûУлûУлᴭûСծˡ֪ΪΣʮȻеЦ൱ԾӦúܺǡ
̸Ȼ̾Ϣ÷ǳ͵ºļƣ̸ĳǡʮˣ￩һ¡
Ϣ֣һԾɫȣʲôˣծʲôծǷծ
ɲɣǷծǾͲһϸˡƺܿģǷûǷծϴ֪ˡ
δ䣬һɫĴ󲽳֣˷׷׺硱
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лɫһ䣬ؿһۣʲôծ
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ʼ磺ܽ£ǻ¶һ٣ɭȻصǱծҪô
ôŰɣһӮծˡ䡭ߺһ¥ĸЦ䣬ͰҼҾˡ
СӣڲȻŭ
ʼ磺лĪҪˣ׺Ҳһˡ⻰һڳãȻһˣлϴȻͷãȻ
лϴȻڱȭλֵܣ˵лĳʵҲһˡծѻ
лϴһִȻǺšôһ˵ڻ˵ʲôֻظŻ˵лϴȥǸһˡ
Һ˽˵䣡лϴȻ
Ȼлϴһ鷿лϴɫһ࣬ͷ赲ߴ˵
š⣬ȡ񶪸˵Ը䰵̫˺ˡ
ȡ޷ĶԳһ飬лϴеһƽ䱸ɢȭΪɺͻϲ˿ˡ


254 ɷ򲻿һȨ
лϴȻлϴ󡣱־ûҪˡܽʲôǱõлϴ
лϴûװƣæ񡣶лϴһλֵ𾴵ˣĳĻ
лϴ߲һΣǱӵܣĹǸɺġǰԶԸΪΪƵЧǰݵġ
κιҶٴƷΡлϴƷ˵߻ߡ
ߵľ⣬лϴȻõĸοŬûа׷ѡһ˼пͳˣº˵Ѿӵ
ҿһֱڵ֡лϴ޸пǰʱ򣬽ϳָʹˡ
ͷȻлϴ¶ǰδѣ˵أҲ˶Ŀ
ƵǧһȻΪϷǸɽ׶Ρ˶ĿĿġǱޣڶޣص㡣
лϴһЦ֪ЦʱסЦ˵Ϊ˱ڲ䡣룬ﾭӪ񣬾ȻгЧ
˵⣬лϴȻˣӽ𣬴˵صĿջӪͽˡ
ˡºͱʮѪ
лϴĿת֪Ǹп꣬£һֽҪȨׯϡ
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лϴȻ̫ãǿһЦʱȥʣµϷˡ
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ɷ򲻿һȨСɷ򲻿һǮ
һңƴǮСɷһңǴɷ
Լ𰸾

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һծϷݣǾһҪȫˡ
̫ճϼٺӣ߳лϴһƱһԿĶϰµĴڣһʧʲôͶûˡ
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лϴһִһĴʼˣŴûɡлϴǼ⣬ȷºܶġ
лϴջӪȻʮľӪȴֻпջӪ
Ψһֵ߸еοǣлϴͷŶΪ֦һʼûиλáһܶԱ൱İء
лϴޣŭ˲Ϣ壬Ȼһ
һʱ·ʱŻлϴȴһ㣬һηķΧУ˲伤
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лϴƺߣ۶ڱǿѪľ׮һ㱻ش£Ȼѣˡλֵ㣬ҶԲסǡ
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һ꺮ůлϴһݣлϴͶˣͷ˼ȫƽ㡣һرƣôһ˵ôߣ
ΪⰡһ£һ£̾˿лϴˣɢһ롣ԣʱߡ
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ɴС˵лϴԸ⽻ȨЮҪʵôᣬлϴƾҪϷһŲҳȥˡ
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лϴмлˣͷƽߣȻ󷵻رְ
ͱ޷ϴһлϴĴӡһջӪʮ꣬Ҫпߡ߾Ͳָͳ˧ջӪˡ
ð࣬һϵڶǰ࣬ʹ¶ϵֱӼܿ˶ͷʺơοлϴʮء
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Щļƣ˵أһۿڸƵץϹĳ棬;һĻᡣ
ֻҪ̲Сû׼ͻΪĴ֮һ
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Ϳ˵֪ͨǮȻץסһȻʱڸָǡǡǸҵʱ
лϴ˵ϢǮƵһʱ֪ˣһȻǰһ̲סȺ飬һӦеķӦ
壬ɵлϴǵˡ
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ڿЦУһ侲߸ţ
ʮˣȴԺһԾһ̧֣һŵӵ


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ӰûһᵱУ֪ΪΣõԺеһ¸֣ȻһСĸȻ
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ʮȻһ󵨵Ĳ²⣬Ķˣ㣬̲ݣ
Ůͷá߾ȣҡͷʱû㡣õִգͺáõִյʱ򣬾ǰɵʱ
ʱһĴʡ
ͷǣҲδؾһáСڱˣҲܻͷǡ
δҲܻͷǡ
̧ͷɫһƵЦ⣺ɱ˷Żĺʱ

½ֲ£Ҳʮǰ£ʱҲоˡ
˵ʮǰ֣һֶݻˡǣԭĵַϾ˽µһ֣аеľͳ½֡
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߸һȻԵõ½֣ǿпޣʮԼµʲô˵˷ܡ
ǰڵ̨İᣬҲ⣬Ϊһʮʷϰᣬ𣬶֮һ
С϶Ϊһãеһ˿ˡ˵һλԪ𣬼лϴǮƺǿսĽˡ
֪һ䵱װεǿգΪƵ̸ҹУ͸ˣȻϻһס
һ𣬾ǿζԸáȻܲɵǣǡ֪ˡԲ
Ȼиɫ䣬سǰԺС
ˮһֵĺУһȥһɫ꣬óϷʵĿǵеɱߣ͵ظɱ
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ߺȻ죬峺΢ЦҪǾһ̡лϴƮӸһƶԺ䣬ʱűҡ
ƮȻϣƵĶӰ档סһлϴɢĹ⾰ͬһϣһ̧֮ʣˮͷųͱҵĽ
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һн·һз飬ַ·ʱͿռ̣ճ˴һ˿˿ÿģһɫʣȻһת۵д
Ȼ֩һ˿˺Ϊһһ顣
ֲĽ˲ϮҫĿĹ⻪ЦȴȴƿһһѵѺۡ
ȻըѣȻͬһӡһ˿ζ
㵵ؿһƬһƬı˺ѣŷһѪߣץץãȻ޹Ӧģֻһ֣ôܻ
ȴˣлϴһȭɣһܱˡֲ׽սı£õĴ̿ѵ
򶫱˦һ⣬ȻͰһĸпǽȥˣһת۵ĹûͶ˸ܽؽS̴ͣĺס
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޲𾪣õȫˡһ꣬Ȼɱһ
ʲôĽǲȻ𾪣һ۾ΪһеޣޱȿµĽ
۵Ľ߸пǰ粻֮ĺܶྫҪʩչͺñһСƨץһѾҲδյö
޳񻯸֣֮Ͳ©֮ɳжǿڴ
Ծŭһնʱɳһٺɱ
ʱǿ۾ŹȻʣһԾƺ߱ޱȵĽУ֡

ǿտûһۣĳؿߣʲô
ͷɬ֮𡣡
֮𣿺֣ǡ֡Ϊ֮ýǿĿȣֱܰ߸ڻûȤǣ
ҿݵһסƲ죺ûȤ˭ѡɽǰͽһкӹ

ǿַּĹ⾰һŭɱŭ֮£˲νʣһֲĹĻ·ա
˵ĸоǡһһ㣬ǹ֮κҲɱⰻȻ֮
һӰǹ֮ľϤΪɻҡְţҽŷǱǧһ˺ѡ
Ȼӷ·˲䱻γɵıӳǴΪߣǹԪսȻһɨƿա
һʱѪʱȫˣ͸һѪƵһµڵϣȻУʵƲءڴڴϢѣֻʣĵ𺳡
Ȼڣ
ѾĿɿڴ𺳾ס
û񻯸ֻ֣ΪԵʣûԸ񻯸ֵǿ
ǿյĺŭһֱ֣һƽģʮ׵ƽء
ߺȻ𣬵һοһսһľޣһĿֲ


259 ͨȨƵƱ
ҡ
ңݵ֮һǣһպǾԵ
һΪһִգеġִպûִգǾǲһĴ
ҵ겢ңһִգӴ˷չͳҡ
ӳĹϣһ٬̬Ӻ쳾Ȼ֮ܡܿ죬ǱҸˡ
һ̤ϢĹں竣ȴǵĽ̫ˣһҪһѵ
һ˵ͼȤζ竣Ժ˵һ䣬ѾȤ˹ϵ
һݺݵһѶӴЪ˹Ŀгѣúˡ
ӵĿ국ȥһ÷ˣǣӲʱֻ²ηνңȻ͸￪ս
һңһеĸ㷨Ҫôɵ󵨣ҪôǸ֡
һҪԱΪΣ
ܴ򡣡顣
ҵ治ܶһҪ򡣲Ҫ򣬶Ҫȫûŭ⣬㲻˵ôɵȱҲֻһĸĳЩ˶Ÿﷴ
û˻ָһģʵۻǴأһġ˽֪Ǻõģȥʵ
һȻָ˼ɿ졣ҲҶ˵ˣȻǺ޲ðҹ
Ȼʱҵȼ·˵ĳ֣ԼһϢĴأһ˵ʲô
ⱬսսڣڳ֣һشϻھڣֻǽɽĲ쿪ұ˵
һžһ鸱֣˵ϻһشһ֮£ɫɷף߲ƣںǿ
ϻı죬ǵȻսĹϵԱȼԪȴһش
һѣ
һɫ䣬ĩˣƤһ΢΢ŭ峳ֵˣˣ
һڣһԪѵһ£
һһ۶ӣ¶һ˿Ǹ⣬ݺݵذܡҵĳ𣬽αˣȻշ
һĵЦԼһ˿

𺳣
ԾХˣ֮࣬һ䡰ڡڶ
ڵĶʱ类޴һ㣬𺳵ǿգһʱԺ˽սأأأҪأҪأ
һ֣һתۣһЦ׼ʱĴɱ
һԾǿˣһشʣܿһڼ
κΣһƵˣȱۣҲƵ۵ˡȻԸץסһڵӶһٴݻٶԷĵֿġ
һûƣùؼΪʲô˶ڣȴųڸ֮⣿Ϊȱ
ֻҪﲻҲˡ֪ѹߵ֮ǰû֣㡣
ɵһԪ𡣡
ǿһı飬ЦôоôԾ૵Ϊʲô˵ζ
֮ǰԼǿԭֻӦߣûӦΪɱˡԣߺԼǣɱһԪ𣬾ܼһʱ䡣
٣оûߺǺЦһ켶̽ȻһڵıΪɱˣֵ̫ˡ
ܴﵽЧ߾Բͺñһͨһö˵ǻ˼һשأܲܿ꿸ź˵ȥ˼Դɡ
ǿ˵֪ӱΪʹְҵɱ֡һ·ǹ䡣
ХԪ֮һʱȻɫ䣬ȻҡһȻһϽ׾ս飬ս鱬ս鼼˲أ
ȻХȴǰȾܡ
Ӷˣҿս黹ôã
ߣߣҲءǿһһڶˢһ¹Ļһɳ졣һֻս飬һҽУͱһϰɢ
һΪǹȥһѤõĹϯաХڰգս鼼ٴαХȥ
ǿһʧ֣ɫһ죬𵴣һֲϯ졣⼤ǹ⣺ǻ
һתۣϵǳٲȻҫ⻪ȴ֯һĽƺһռաһΥ͸Уǿҡ
Хҽһ¡һͱʣֻսȫųǰĶˡҲκβס⿰ƿµһУ³
Ʋ죬ȻһЩ࣬¹жǿһȽȷʶˡСүҪû࣬Ҳ֮Ͳ©֮ɳһһս֮
ɱһԪһʣ⡣ǷģָһĿڡ
ںХϢһƱ˴ӴԺΧ֣һŵķߣɱ
֮һֲҺѪС
һķߣڶȴøɵķߡһضˣ
һʱ䣬𾪶ֻţ·𿴼ҵ³ûͷӬһҴܡ
ޱ飬˻ᶨǰƽȷ߽ĺ˫ֱͷڵϣ
вӣɱۣ

һˣ̩ɽļᶨͳĬи˼ѹ
˵һͷµģеڶ
һƬضڹµӰԾĿЦʮĻҵûˣѹ˿֮صˣΪ棬ܶ˶ѾϷˡ
һ£֪˶ڵϣǹ¹齵ģضӿָս
ԾЦһΪ߹ͷ­Ծˣһˣʣܸʲôʣֻѡϡ
Цˣܺãһ٣ȻĿɨʣһԪ𣺡лɱ
δ䣬Ծָ߷緭ŭתߡ̫ܿⲻڵĴ֣лϴҲؿѾע
һԪ𣬱ǼǿսκΣʱݲ£սֻлϴ˹Ԫ岻סˡǿգǶô¡
ߺЦǵ߳ȥһһЦɿĴЦ
ɷ򲻿һȨ
߷Ż˵ڣЦеλϷȫףǾͻȥǵӡ
һƱӽáպؿ飬ýһƱݰ١
˭޳ɣ˭ԣҲں
ߵɭȻƺڸǵһٴȥ˭ҷһƱǾʹݣ˭Ҫ
Ȼķõ·ϣĳڰĽֽǣֵĺ߸衣
㶨һƱֻ֡ҪպصͷƱ֡
ʱҲʱǰˡ
ɣƣ񰸣ӪʲôڵȴأߺȻڴС


260 أݵصĵ
ӣ㡭濡
ʮϸĵΪϴ멣ǰ½󣬲ؿڵİ廬
ϸĴȻһµߣʮһ£еĲߵĿ⣬ȻӶһһЩ̡
߻Ц٬Ĺס°ͣҲͦءʮȻһЦ
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Ҫҹӣүͦáз߾Ǵ븻޲׼Եףصз̫ˣҲ̫֬ˡ
ãүء϶ټţôû˵أʮһ˵һΪϵһԸ塣
¡ܺá
ƺǱءʮԼ̽
̿ǾǣʲôƺͷԣܺãûҪ̽ˣֱͦӵġΪһִ꣬˹ĶȦӣǵڴŰ
˹Ϊβϲ秵һˡ˼ҵķֱӰһٴζٵģʣܰеøƵġ
ʮЦүޣһΪˣ
Ҹŵءĳ˵κ˼Ҳšν²Ƶأĵ˺ͺܶ඼ͨġ
ǲȱһķȻǶķҲѻ˼ƺҲȱƾͲ˵ڱ̰ôǮѵȱ
Ǿֻȱһˣأݵصĵأ
ضҧгݵԴ˵˵˵˵û
ضӱߣߺʮ˵һĻʦþͱЧһΣʲôССӼֱûˣʦö챻̻ˡ
ˡʧЦӺʦ֮䣬ʵϲ硣
ȻȥʮţºȻƿţߣҸȥ
ΣضӸΣѵӵһᶼɣֻôͷɥıʾȥˡȥᣬȥ̣ô˸ʲô
Ϊһ͸һ߿϶ð䲻壬һʾûһġʮﵱһۿжǹӵܣȻеġ
ԣ߾ʹӲףôôƲ˵ˣЦ̫񲣬Ц˿
ݹòԶľ¥߿һ۹ã֮ԱǣһȺװС
ϷȨȴϻһɡӺܹعٸļƣǲװƣʲô
ʲôƨ֪ݣĿܡ

ڡңҡΰƽݵ
ǿֹǣݡ
ﲢģΧǡõģһ̵Ҳ
ӸҵϯܿλȻλĩβģҼЦ֣ڣӱض֪
Σֻ׵ģҡһЦŮ˾ŮˣǾһЩСĦ
ΰƽϴȻһһ仰ˣڣһ£̲ᣬû֪һ˭
ڰͷƤ顣˵ҲЦҿ߲ƣֻ»ΪݵĶ֮Դ
𵭵ݣҡ
һ۲һĵõнֹƺ̫񽭺ͷ
δһѾﵽĿġڵԼ˴ʲôãԲ˰
˶֪˼֮ز¶ңµǳ֡͢˶֪ǳ͢ûʵɵݣֻǴۺջ񲻳ɱ
͢ϲ֣˽ģĪҪΪǳصġü֮ضô͢ջصġ
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һ꣬·һ¥ݿڳ֣֪ΪΣⱾѹֵվȻ˼ֻԾ
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΢ЦкʮΪ´멡ȻߴݵɨһۣһЦ⣺ôû׼ҵλãѵǴ˵е
ĿⶨϡȻеĵλϣָΰϴЦ˵λãҾֻðеλöã
žһ£һ˸ΰϴƽϴӶʱ飬ŭĿӡƲ죬СүûװƷʲôȦӣΣ
ˮƵĲɱһ˿˿Ľâڽ
ڵ۰ᣬ̧ʾ⡣һᣬ±𵭵һ¾ͷˣλС
ޣû۵ҲҸСүۣصǣˣλлë塣֮Աǣ˿黳ֱĩβѽϡ
ΰƽϴ˿ⰵʾõ̬ȣٱʱûͼı
ڵ¶һ˿⣬¶Ҳϣңߴ˾ٵڱÿعأǾͳɡׯϵؿ˼һۣõˣǾһ¡
öͶƱɡ˵꣬߰Σ˼ת졣
˳һȴӣ˵ƱǾͿսݴá÷ûʧҪˣʧǡ
ڵãȵҴڣͬ⡣
ǾֻжԲˡһ˼һݣĿһɱҵˣҶӣңô㡣
֪һˡЦʮҲ޷ǾǴⷢ쭡
Ȼһȴ³Ȼȷ쭣һ£һµ仰𺳣ӵܶʦѵеˣ

ʦ
ڵɢİȻһӾ񱻴ȣؿ£ǵʦ
°Ȼѵ㻳ң
ȻȭǸңֻû뵽ݾȻһλ𾴵ĵʦ¹٣ݵҡʦ
ң˿һ񣬳ֻһɫҵĵǰĪ
ʦݣȥңԲڵĴҪǣݵһҲΨһһʦ
ҸҶһëû׼ھǵһָɵҵġҵ˷ʦѵеˣ
ĿɿڴŮʦʲôʱͻƳɵʦˣ
ҲãüЦΪҪһһӭж⡣
ҶͶƱȻȫƱͨ˭ϣһǿʦ
һʣ˻Ŀ࣬˭û뵽Ĭᣬڵǳ͢ˡ
һˮҲֻܳϡûһ͢ɵƵðѵʦͳµʦ˵ؼ̽ףʵ۶Ҫһ·ء
һʦĴڣ̩ɽ
ڵסˣҪȥһˣλһ
ݾȻ˵ʦ̫ˡ
ԸҲ⣬һ·׷ʦʦʲôʱͻƵģ
·͸ͽܣױͽܺƭһġ
ʦ˵һҷǵسʮоȥԵķθڡ
ǰ졣мܲסȵͽܣֻ˵ˣֱֱؿǰߣߣóˣ
㿴
һչģϱ֡򶫡


261 
ھ֣
ۿȻõĲ֮ͣһβһͬһջھ֡

ͷˣϳߣһҹڿջҹϮ꣬ɵλӣߣ
ǡƲѡ
ͷȡһϵ˺Ȼ߳ƣȷ󣺡Ǿûˡӣίھ֣Ѻһ
ƣһҲеԾˡܣɺҲû㲥˭֪˭ھָѺͶ
һɫʾ⣬лϴ󲻶ɫ˵£Ҳһˣȥǿһ̫һƮȻȥ
һᣬʣߵˡͷɫѻϵĴӸȡԿ״ӣҲֱ¼ӣ飡
ëҶ˭ӡͷɻСĴӣʱס
ߣһӡߺȻ˲õĸоּ򿪣Ȼƿڴҿĸ쵰ңͷߵһСһЦ
ڶߣȻһӡ
߲ˣ̧ͷͷһ䣬֮˸˶Ǯ
ͷһᣬһ۴ϷӣЦűȻһ֡Ʋ죬ֱӰǮء
һȻǵĿӳˡСüĿ㣬ڿЦ
ߺȻЦˣ˭ôϷȻһЦû˻һǮֻΪ˿Ϸߡ
壬߿½֡ڰ˿ڣ˺ӡȻ½ǼԽԽСĺӡ
һ֧Сӣֻһֽֽһö͸ƿӣһЩҺ塣
񡱡
ǲɫֽݸ£ʦǿ
һº͹ضӶɫŹ֡˲֪֪ܲĲ񣬲һһѡ
áߺƮȻֽӣ顣
õͷ߳ᣬͷ۾һͷǷǮ
Сһ˫۾ǾȡͷȣЦǰյˡķԸָָߵһѻҽ
Ǹ֣һһ˼άϸܣƺ˽ߵһһǣ˭
ߺȻëȻƵ˵һͼҵĹؼһ
Ц۵峺⡣
Ϭ绹ö̽أΣɽ˲һ׮£û׼Ҳɺ£ؼ̬
ûע⣬ר˼ʱСĿתؿ۾дһ˿øС
ͷˣ˸ǰһ¡ѹ΢ЦĪҪܾǣϱܷ࣬ǡҲвʣҪͷ̡
ͷл˵òǣ˴ʲôء
лϴȥջȥͷʹȴ۰Сһ£Ѿͷ棬ҿġ
С죬תת

ݵĸ֣Ȼ仯
ڲһ̲ᣬһƾǿʵԼʦĴڣ춨ɶҡĵλ
һʦǮƵС̶̼귢չοǵʦ
ȻһЩ仯Ϊ裬Ҳø·ȻƺûŵҰģסԭΧ档
û˸ҶõġڹϯλϣеƾһڣûΪǵβġ
õ˲ܿ췢Ҳûٱ仯ֻãӸôô
ݵĹ켣·Ȼǰ
ǮƱųԾһ𣬵лϴĸ֣ȴǸлϴԶԾƽزٽӴջӪ
ΪһƽҲʶ£ҪΪһԪ𣬶ǮƵ˵
֣Ҳûжٱ仯ҲİߵɾҪôɣһ׼һɱ֡
ȻϷҸ̤ʵŵ㣬ҲǸСԤ·
ûҪţֻҪӵһŻµƱ㹻ˡߵǰԼҵ˱޴򣬶⣬֪㲻ǡ
ڱƵϲΪʲôûӵܻʿ鷳Ϊ˼⣬˼֪˲
ȶˣô˾Ҫˡ
㰲ȫִﱱˣðˣҲˡӵԸԡ
߿ĵĹضӵļϵӣһ·ңá
ضƲ죺ףҲŲᱻġ۵ļһǰϲڲϲҲϲˡ
Ϊ˲ˡ
߷ۣЦ⣬صظ˹ضһȭ֮飬ǾûҪҪִڽ˵ղʴǸ˵괴ġ
ضӹЦĻһȭһʧˡû鷳Ҫң鷳ӲҪң
ǧҪʦ˵
ߺȻһЦһᣬС߹أ
ˡߺԥĳѣϽܵķһָߣС٣Ҹһ飬ץסԷӣ˯ӡ
СٰһۣҲǺˡ˵꣬׷ȥ
ЦҡҡͷӣˣΪˣôŮ˾ܣֱûϰ
ŶȥķĿһ˿лл

һסˣ꣬Ӷ޵ޣʱߣȻڻȥǸ飬ǰɺˡ
Ƕӣܶ߶ȥ졣ǶӣܶҲδؼ˳Ҳֻߺ͹ضӲղ
˸˺һᣬֱó֣үֽīԼӵǳͨ²鲻Ψһ϶ǣضǶ޳ġ
ԷȻûµˣΨһܲģҲû塣ھ֣ǶΪھ֡
óɵү˼ǣ
߳һѴǰڲһЩϢ˵һ¡õİϸһ˿Ȼ˵ԷΪ֮
үҲͲ񡣡óȻԼмطйأ޺ܴ󣬱޷Ϣȫ档
߰ڰ֣ضǵԷڸϷ
һ٣һޱȹŹֵɫͿ˵һԤУԷѲ񣬻͸ҡ
û´ضһ졣
ɫʱŹ֣ܾһͼҵʲôҩˣҪߵͣ
˵ǲǣ̸
תȻ̸ҹУϢûˡòҲûãԷȻϢȥ
ΪãǾ͸ûҪˡ
ҹһɾ̹С˲ؼı飺ң
̸絭Ȼ֪㻳ңң
̸ҹаᣬ߻϶ǣ˭أ
̸ǳЦֻ֪۶Է˭һ٣һ죬о԰ܰѶ͵ϡ
߿ЦϣͲãˣԷ᲻͵磿ЦκûЦ
ֻôӣЦЦһ죬һһȫ޶벻ĵط
ҿԷΰѶϣ
ߺٺٹЦһĺʺ׽Բء


262 Ѫɣغ֮
ʮպ
ʿڹٵϣðǰ
ģ޵Ĵô˴ֱ꣬ס
߷߿Ĳ°͹µķϽʹ̿ˮȻѽһ£ʧǰ㻹ô£սһ˻ԵҲ
üӣֱɷˡ߿У۰Ͱ͵ؿ£۾Բʦ
ɡͽܣε߸Լͬ
ŶҲ߰ԼָͷսݰݡսðԹĿ⣬Ŀ޳ƦԶȥ޵ش˸ǣһվڵˡ
ʦáҴûôôõʦ
ʦء
ܸоͽܷȵӼǲҪǰգıѡͽһ˫ָһε֮󣬾һ§ס˵ʲôͲϷˡ
ν˵ͷŮ˵⻰ееظе֫ϱͽĵطζȫ
Сӣ±úգȵķ֣Ȼջ
ʦͽϵ׼ǻĲ˵
µ֫ȻǸҲǻþˡ߰Եһ§µ֣ԽԽǴǰ
µӼһޱȾ˵ĵԣеص㡣Ůϣȴǳޱȵջ
ºȻһ£޵նʱκڱΣҧгݻͷ߾ԺͰ⹫һǹĳǶȡ
촽ߵͱǼ⣬һʱߵľ񱻵һ£ȫˣɬʦ㡭ô
ǰǶ˲ʦһʦͽ⣬Ҳƺûʦ̬ܶȡ
޳Сӣһ߷̺һİߴӷɳȥѪ£ʱĴңæԾȥߣôˣûɣ
Ѫɫţʦңĵġ
ʦҵԸǡܲһ¡
ºԥһϣ̷Ӧ߳ŭһ廨ִɰȭͷЧˣҺˣˣˡ
ͷˡ亹ֱðứµıӰ
һţŭ⣺ãߺϷżһ£ֹͷĲ㱻ˡ
¼æˣһǸ߷ߣҵġƽЦһûϵҪʱô
˶ֵʦ
šҾʲôΪʲôҪͷҡʹ࣬ͷϣõĻΪʲô¡
һ£·ϸĵķŻ
߸ͷƵؿ±ϣ治ռˣˣͷҲˡȻ£
ţӦȻӦʲô
߲ܣ˵һܺúŮˣ֪ҵһο㣬û㵱νʦ
ºȻЩĪĻţǵ䵱ѶңʱҾԼˣҾҵġ
˵ԽԽᣬȻûġµֱתһʱŭ
Сһ˵Ȼһ˯ˡ
ʱ²ŷִ겻֪ʲôʱͣˣȻʱע⵽
ϣ¸еůġ

ǷŻ˸·ٶȡˣԼպȻǽɾڡ
ߺ֮ڴˣΪһҪȥɣһҪؼҡ
̫лϴⰲǿգгֵļ⣬һʦõİȫǲصǡ
һûʲôǱðر֣ݵĹ켣һһȻֻҪò֣ӦͲ⡣
ǣǰЩڵһֻս飬ȬǾ͸ȫˡ
սˣһЩȵȣҪʦʦλߣ˵ʦزһǰѳ۵ԸȻô
ʷһʦ񻯸Ҫսʲôʦձ鲻ףǵʦ׵ġ
ǿɣʦΣκΣʦֲ·ߵİײˣֻ˶Ҵ̼
սԽǿԽ˲ʼǧܣ᲻ʶսд裿һ㣬ֻҪô˵ʦλء
ǰɣضӺʦˣغͶ֮ûҪȥˡǿմӦҪʱֺãɱһֵʱ䣬Ǿ㡣
Ҳˣ˵ֻеǹƥ³С
ڶ̽
ߺȻʧЦǿյĴΡ䣬Ҫɵ꣬ߵĹϵʲôҪŭ꣬û׼ǸֱɱϽɽǾЦˡ
ؼǣһʼǿվͷ̽ûᡣ
࣬Ƶ۴͵ʹ൲һ£ʹһ൱ڵĹǲ⡣һǿոû̽
ǿյΨ·ҪôȥҪôӦߡʵ֤켶һٵһڸһı
˾٣Ȼ｣ɽϬߣҪп˵ԽɽķǼģģ
˵ߣ˭ţôûȶǴΪ˸û͸йĵûǮ߰
֣̽߾עҪ｣ɽˡȻٵһݣһ㡣½ɽŽҧ˰һ֮͹ǿ
©֣У뵽⴦߰¶

Ҳ̤ɵһ̣߸еһ⺷
սһֱսԶս
ⲢЦɴ϶£Ǿ𺳵֮硣·ÿһУֱǣܿͯսϷѪڵĳսĳλ
ɸߵĸоغ֮磬Ѫĥ³⺷
ڴɣͺһҹ˱غǿѪյʱ߾ȻһЩ㱣λغĸоҲÿһй˶й
̤ϴɵߵһһޱеĳ嶯
ؾţǿţʹһν˭ǿľӡ
ֳ嶯ѪһȳԽһСΪˣͷ
һĴɣ̫̫Ĵ˵ˡÿһ˵棬ֵ𾴣˾η
ɣǾݴϣִʷƾõĹ֮һ
ɣӵ۵ĳ֮͢һӵоݴǿľ֮һ
һƿֲļ¼Ϲģսڴжʱ䣬ֻһγꡣ
Ϊһִ˵꣬ڵһ¼ʱëȻˡںƽȫ޷һʲôĴڡ
֪йʷϣԽԽǿľӺܶࡣȻܹԽԽǿĹңƺȥΨһݡ
ɾһԽսԽǿĹҡ
һбгһһҪȫȥĸ¡һɣⵥܸߵһ¡
ɣһĹңһһĹҡ


263 񰸵ȥ
񰸣ʮǰһ׮䶯һʱ永󰸡
Ǵˣǡ֪񰸵һЩȥ
ʮǰһͷͷƼ¥Ůӣܸ裬ɫ˫ȫܴ졣
ʱֵĳΣɶȡһδʤһܳĽͳ˧£һξʤĴʤԶкһͻϮǧһξĴʤ
Ƿڴɣʱֵ׳ĽΪҲС⽫ǰжνܳսΪǴ
ǴοȻǷż٣Լ̳·ᡣĳһգ¥ںһ飬ŮӢ۵Ͽǲɱġ
ȻΪõһһҹǡ
Ȼڶ죬¥ŮӵһˣһѪµٸŻףɱȷ¥¥Ĵϡ
ΪӢŮһ꣬һѻȴ׿ڳɱӢۣ̫ϣҲ̫䶯ˡ
¥ǵ¥Ůӡ
λйȨǵ֮һ
ȨظеϤ֣ȻѧϰָӺսʱڼսп֡
ȨһóҰսͻϮս˾սʤࡣ
µǴսǹȨǰһսƾкͻϮǧһټӹ壬ǰߵĶʮɼ
֮Ȩһ൱ܳľţһûܷϡ
ȻأüԾѣ֪һʲô顣ȨһλɫľţսϣȻ¥һ˵ĹŹ֡
Ȼ󣡡»䣬渵ʣµһ֡
ͶȻ飬κ˫ȻҪǲ˲鰸һ飬ȴǲһЩԺĶ
ڲɱ˶ҲȫҲκɱһһҹ˫ȫûн
ֳͿڹ֤ƺ˵ɱ˹Ȩǡ
ȨΪֻΪǿֻžΪȨһûжû̫ƾʲôɱһ
ɱ˶ǵһɵ㡣ڶɵ㣬ƾʲôɱ
ҪǣһҲǾڲô쵽ġ
һˣֱӶˡκΣ˫һˣɵ㣬Ų鲻ȥҲ޷Ͱ顣
ôˣơ
ҡͷһ֮ɫֻ̲̲ʹµ顣̲ʹ£ҪӪֵ顣
ǽӪͷⰸҲѵˡ

ӽӪֵ飬䶯һʱĴ󰸹ְϢͲһ֪ˡһЩʱ򣬽ӪȻͨº̲ƴ˰ϵҰȫȫӹܡ
˵⣬²ߵĹŹɫֵʱҵĵʱ˵߻Ȼѹ֪ӪʱĶ
ٹ˼£ӪһκȻ˼һ£ͨ˴º̲ʽĳЩ֤ݣʾ飬ȷɱ˹Ȩ
˰漰شԽӪ֮ͨ೯֮͢ɽӪ񡣴˰սڴˡ
ʮǰ䶯ɵ񰸵ȥ
ȻӪ˴˰ʼûоɵ͡ԣ˰ȻΪǴɰ䶯永ɰ֮һ
û֪ɱ˶Լɱİ취
нӪ֣ߺܿʶ׮ֻ²׵ˡ
̸˵ɻڣʩչһα˰֮һ񰸣ֻ²ǱϿô򵥡
Ц񰸰ŷҲܣʲôʱ鶼Ҫ
׽ԲأСʱ׽Բسġ
룬ʵʦʱؼң
˵ʲô飬ֻ˸УˣҳԲ׼ȥʲôӦһЦ˵ͼЦǵʦˣҲ֪ɺͼһȥ᲻뿪
ϵ֮ҪۡΣǷ٣ǷǿǾҪǷӵѧʿԼ켶ʦͶʦҩʦȵȡ
ʦԲܻﵽѵʦ·ߵҰ
Ҳ˵¼зӦֻ´ɶδؿϷŵʦȥˡ
ȥС壬а취¸ɰͰ͵ĿЦ
ʱѾɵıһһǡǴɺӵĵһսǸս𰤱ߣǶ͸ʢϰëĹ
һ·òϣɵıսһҲ̫ƶ񤣬Ϊ·˵ȵȵĴڣԵһԻεķ
ҵĻηԭġɵսսƷǰ߾͵سۣ˺ܶƼǰһ
ߺһУǸһʳǰߣ׵Сд·
·Сеϰ巢һ䣺Щĵط
ǮһҪģҲһҪġ˰ˣѵ䣿
Ұս⺷ܲס˷Ұսǡǡǵطرͷ۲ԺһģǾ·ǮͲһľͲ˵ˡ
ΪҵԵʣط迨˵ձ飬ҲԲ١֮Ʀʲôʱȱ
˿ΪȻһˣ˽ⲻ迨ҲãҲã˵䣬ʧת޸ա

Ͻɶս
ߺһǣ۾Ȼ·ˣĵ̡Ц˴ǶפأսϮţûжˡ
ΪȻ컹еġϾһǰս˹ȷټ
ǣһ·ߣϸĵĹ۲̷۵ĸƷƷӶ࣬װҲΪ۸õĵҩʯĵҲ١
רųݳƷҲһЩһ·Ų٣ԼҲ֪һв¥߰üľѣǿ֮Ȼ鴫
ޣɽ͵Ķ֡
δһҪĿãĳֻӵǿ󡣴ӾҪפصҲܲ˽ࡣ
ûݳƷûֳûǲ취Ǿֻ˵ɾһ֧ʱ̱ڸѹ״̬Ȼ޷йľӣľȻ£ȴΪ塣
ݳƷ̫࣬Ǿֻ˵ϲá
ţԱɾлҪ£гֵľͣϲȻ㹻ĸҲзйĵطһ֧ᲢõĿֲӡ
ȡһ彻תո
΢΢죬
˱ڣһᣬһһĿⶨϣͨ죬ڶСӣ㡭㣡
СӣĿɿڴ
Ȧˣһứ˹ȥС壡
ò꣬һȣȴµԴ㷢͵⣬Цԭ㣬Сӣ
ãʵ̫ˡϲ´ȫҪ˻ˣѾͷǻˡ
ºȻе㵨ӣС壬ҵûɣ
һ㶣ЦȻûСүүˡУ˵͵ûŮˡ
һᣬ۾һ죬̲סˮֱ
ӻ飬ôҲû뵽һӾʮꡣ


264 ɾջΪ
һ壬һֶŮʮȻط꣬鼤֮±ͷʹޣĪ
¸ûˣֻȴ֪ʲôزˣŷʰʮ飬һȪһӿ
ӻ飬ǲϲˣһӣŻһ¼ˡ
ȴû뵽һܣһתʮȥˡԸˣûм޸ˣҲû޸κˣһת۴СϹ
ǵģϹˡܵʱ򣬲Ŷʮ꣬ȴѾʮˡ
㱣ɣʮᣬϪ˱ڵĻƺӡ
һᣬע⵽ľͷһɵġһɫѯ²ٵĽܣߣڶ޵ġ
ܵܡ˲£ǰҾ񣺡ɵܵܡСߣݼС壡
ʰ˳ʣ΢Цͷʵޣô꣬ȥ˶ޣ
˵ʲôζ飬ֻǿЦСѾͷǰҸˡҰӻ飬ԼõĿҸطһʱͻؼңȴ
Ա̾һߣȻ֪ңҲ鰡ҪұĲɣͶʲô
šŤСǰСС壬Ҳŵʱʦ͸ʦһˡ
ҿʦˡһ˽״ؼҫС
Գͣʦѵռһںʲôʦ

ǰݼڣԶҲȽ׽
վ֪ʦͬСɣʱû͸¶ֻС˵ʱؼңϣС̽һ¼˵̬˵
ֻ˵ߵˣϣСʱ߰ڶС
߱һӵܵĵûУȻǱƸ߹٣ǿ󡣲һαװϵ͵ҲȻΪʲôͷ
ԸݣһڴûûߣҲ練Ƶ¡
ߣʮ˳µĳ˴ɶһԱ
ӹܱ޷Լ񰸣˿ȹһأ˵٣޷ҲȻˣ񰸸ֻǷĵ
ӶھҿԷôѲ͵ϡߺٺֱЦĥҲѧϰʵһ¾ָ
ҪҲţõİ취ǲȺУһˮںҲġھӪס
Ը߰ŵȻСӣһСӵλãֵʮʿ䡣ٻͳˣٻϽÿһϽСӡ
С٣һãǰٻءñƷ߹ٵݣһ͵ĵͼ٣ȴûбʸȤˡ
ߵһϵ㣬ϵͳڲٵʸУҲջ
ڱƣһ·϶ѧ˲ٵؾָ֪ʶۺʵвģû˽⣬ܶණҲ͸̸ֽĸо
һ»㣬߲ŷкܶհףȴѧϰ䡣
ߴԼԱսʽ൱˽⣬㲻òϣսͨӵսʽԴںܴĲ졣
߲ջӪջӪǹͳ죬ʵϣӵһۿ֪ջӪǱսʽҲ벻鱱ͳ˧
ջӪƵΪս׼һ֧ӡӻ۳Ǯ˱ֵһ̶֣ܴϾǻڿջӪˡ
ʵҪĳЩƺ⡣ջӪΪ֣лϴһֻһ֡
Ƶ۵ּǣڱ޵ĿջӪϤͳ졣ֵĿջӪڴӱ޸أǰԸͷʽá
ţⶫûпջӪߺֵµϱ
СϱԺ϶Ļش𣬽ָջӪ˵ˣҪøԶջӪһܽȥġ
ߺȻһЦţµͷ֮һĪְʵЩϱ֮ûְǰ˳ΪΪϲȥΪϲȥͲʸ١
ʵϣܶսϱһƷΣκѫµĻ塣
ЦЦջӪǲˡ
ǻࡣţĽˣҸ˵ջӪѡǺѵġ׺ͣʮ꣬ϱһûʲôָ
ջӪ˼ǿͻӪ˼ƾսķмܣʵսϵĿͻջӪתһս۵Ĺؼ
ƿսͼ߻Ļ壬ΪսĹϵûпսԶͻȴ߻һʵֿϮ
ҲζţջӪһֻս飬ܷеս顣ҲǷģеֱ߷ɣеǻɣԿջӪװսͬ͵ġ
ԣջӪѡ㣬Ҫ̫ˡٹҶû㹻Ǯʦ齨ջӪǿɣ˵Ҳֻ齨

˴ɾƽػǺУ¶ޱȺһҪѧʦһҪѧϰսҪƽôʱ䡣
ʱͺŮ˵ġɶһеġ߿ԸЦ
°һۣһ֧ӸһЩĵҩ㶼֪һ߹򣬹ˡ
ʼЦɣһﵽžҩЧͻС¶ȱǮȻǮҲҪٶȰΪҵ
Ȼɵ˼Ҷ˵°빦ǮΪǾ±룬͵ԩͷΪ
ΪҩžЧԽԽ̷ʮöҩöЧⴿһͶջԶԶʮͶʡ
Ҫ˵һ͢Ǹ㾫ӢɣûҪҲîԴһͽϡ
ս㣡߱µһֻۣûʦܸܲС˵һ£ǰߡ
²죬̽ȣ㷢ˣ˵ءֻսʲô£
ü˲豭һڣ˿¥ҵˣ֪Ҿսܶණ֪ҲֻֽϵģֻܶΪ㶮ĶŻתΪԼ⡣
ϸؿͽܣȻе㲻̫ûͽܡ
ʶſӣȥҿԸС˵ǣøΪʲô㵽Ҫʲôʲô
Ҫʲôʲô¶һĨЦ⡣
ĸƽͷƣ߳ãСѾͷƽ֮ǰҵԸǳΪ֮ۡһ뷨
ʦ֪ƽѵĹȻ֣ҵСҵУɼʵۣһơ
ҾٴĹٶʵҪҵҪôҪôѧ̸ܡڽϣ˵һ۾ˡֻΪǿҲ˳ۡ
ºֺЦûô¼ɣ
˿Цֻ˵˹һ˵˻һʵ׷󣬾ʲôʲô
ΰģȴע
Լ֣Ȼߵ˿֡˭ֹһݿ֣ƽһϰҲһֿ֡ж뱧Ҫѧܿ֡
ߴʱ峺úʣһޱƽ͵ķʽһ̱ʹѧ˵


265 սڶս
ߣ˵̣
ٻĺСлصһƺգͨϢ
ϳǽʵذٻ˭Ծ±ҲܿҪôҪôӦ
кµİ˸ˣŲæĸϳǽһڼͲȡһ֧ͷڸ׺
ۿɼԶһڱ۶ǷһСĲڳǶߣȻһڻƻиĴۡ
һµϸ¡žһѣǶ⾹Ȼ䱬ϳһ㣬ɡ
µϣСĵ㣬Էи֡
սǶϷսӲСʱľ壬һھͳɡսΪߵĴڣ˲ٱ
Զ֪˵ʲôĸ֡
һССǣ͵ֵסֵͻϮ֮ǰһ߸Ҵģһöʯġ
бҪָǣĹΪࣺʯһΪʮʮΪһʯһʯٽ
Ҳܿʯܱ¶ΪֻһʯպϡӱùѧᲢʼáսܴ߻˵¡
ٻе㷢ëؿ֧ʯԷи֣ؾͱȽûˡ
ҪһȺȻסֻгˡҲøפҲܿɸǣγս
ˣΪǵһȡߴչȥҿԷϹզȻαôԶ
ƽﶼܷ⣬ߵͷҲٻϿɣʾͬ⡣
ͷԱֳĬĵһᣬӷŻٶȣӽٻһܶţ
ǽϵʿ׷ֱЦŰѼˣص졣ļӵһ͵һ½һУײһЩ롣
ûκΣѧùҲã׼ͷѾܲˡ
ӵķӦٶҲܿ죬Ѹٷɳ۹ֽ򲻸ߵĳͷ
˫ٶȶܿ죬ꡣٻһ£һȵķԾ³ǽһһһɱ
ִ߳ɵʽսХ£սһڿնս߷ЦսʱХһƿޱȵƾսһٵ¶ԷɱУһնɱ
һ֣׾ٵսɥʧС
һɱˣǷŭĺתȾܡ
ٻһںХеѸٲ׷ٻս׷һնɱˣ˻
ѪĻһͷһϦ˳ǡ
Ѯĳһ졣
ѮնɱӣǨΪ

Ѯĳһ졣
ؿڳǶϣҧһβͲݣ˱Ҳ֭Һ
ĥ߰ߵս±һӣ׼ȷһʵϢ±Сţ˳Ҳĥһµ
СţӦһ£ɢؿߣ·ʲôܿԼͻ֣ᷢԼҲһЩϱϢ
ϵһߣѾˣСս¶ʮΡǣĵһߣҲӳĵһߡ
ɺӵĦشÿһضѪȾ졣Сǣ·һѰε⣬ı˴˵
˵սϡ߲֪Ƿˣսڵһߣսִ˵ḡѾ˺ܶܶࡣ
ս˵һ˵ֻڴʿϱ˵
һʿͶʼδСս£նĻκΣϱίʵûж츳һֱֻǵͼ١
ܾԺĳһĳһλмٷֵ빦һϱ֣̲סһ¡źȻ֣һֱڵһսʮϱȻСսǧΡ
սһǧϣȻһֱûһ漣漣ǣƾնɱеĹͣλϱϡͿӵƷΣϱԼ֪
೯֮͢󣬾;öɵˣȻֵ֪ôһˡ
ٺɻʵټͿϱʹƷΣھõһְ½磬ٻ
һֱڴɾϱ漣
ҲֻڴɣŻֵ漣ΪϺõϱձʮ굽ʮۣҲֻڴ̵ĴɣŻǧս漣
ڳǶϣ棬ЩЦҲȻ
ǰ֪ΪߵĴڣľս϶һȻֻս⡣
ߡٻĺѹ
ٻ˸߲ҵضԴͷǻȥһӹܷ
һѳβͲݣ˵ɺǸˡһ˸߲ҵˣ߿Ц±һʣҲ⼸ʮˡ
Ҳûˡ
Ȼ±ϱǾٱˣһ˲һƵ뿪
߻ͷһս˿µǣȻֵЦˡʱջ񣬾Գ
˵ǰѧϰֻǾۺָӣôһΣĶϤ˽ӣǰʵΪԼĶ
һĻٻӵҪʱ߾Լеԡֻһ֧ͨǰ߾ӣûɱ
ڳſڣεĿЦĴԼˡ
֪ΪΣϦ¸һĻһߵϡ

ٺ٣Сӡ
ٻصشһ£¶һֵı飺ԽϲˣСӳ壬Ȼڵһߣܲ
µȻˡ½һЩսѣһ㶮ģ˶ɫһһˣһ˰޸ˡ
εĿս£ҲֻܵΪֹսȥȻ̾˿ŷ·Źգս㡭ҺȻ
㡣ŭһ£۵߱ڱֲڵ˵Ͻһȥ˵˧ˣһǱƦ
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µͻأ֣Сġ
֪Ȼ¿ȻͷߺһֵĴ֣Ϊ֮ŷ
ĬȻվ⣬ˮžžĵ̾Ϣб䡣
ǰãɳһʮ߰ߣһɳš
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ˮȻʧŲҴΧ°Ĵţ۾ߣ
꣬Ҳߡ
˵ģȴ£һţ̹ϵӡ
߼æסǰ㣬ƿڴҿ
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266 ŭµĻԼ
ڴͰߣ֧°εķһƿЦ
ҹУ̸磡
̾˿ʰ飬ºһ׸ֵϴ裺ǿֵСмңܣԵĺ˯ĺã㣬߸ͭˡ
һ׸豻۸ĵ߰㣬Ե֣סİϵƤ
˺ۣչһЦģò̹ĵļƷ
˵ô鵽ҵ٣ߵĿֺﴫˮ米
ҹЦЦһ֪ˡƺ̫ѡ
̸ܳģߺȻһЩëȻһּĸоӿͷƺǵãҽлϴһܵ˼ǣǾͺԥĿ
ߵĻƺҲ޷ŭҹУ캬һЦл𶼰ķԸհˡ
Һ̸ߵʱǵȷһҪɱǡ
ҹвȻһЩ˵ľ̾̾һԤǻߣȻԻһɱڵĽ
ߵĲиǿˣӾ֪һﵱνͶ϶бġû˻Լˡ
һʲôˡն롣
ҹ΢ЦĽûǵҲķԸˡ˵ĶԣҺ̸бȻô־ܡ֪ҹҪҲδؾ١
룬û뵽Ķǡ
ҹкȻЦӮһΣгɾ͸УΨһû뵽ľǣҺ̸ģڡ
Ʋ첻мھקֲ·ߵҰ˭õ˵ƺǿҲй
ҹвµ˼ǿû֣ԭ򡣡
һ̾һ򲻹ڶʲô
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ҹеʱͺˣȻһƾѪˡ
һɸֵĳȥʹѽһͿһʱѵ벻ʲôˣ
벻ãȻʹľͷ۾һѵǴ˵е۵˽ӣ
ҹѪĶˣ˵ôûһġ
ɣߺȻһµɫҹеɫɣ
ʦǧҪңһ͵ģǽӪģ
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һֱΪǸνĽӪǼٵģðġô뵽Ȼģý廨ȻһС䡣
ýӪָ֪ͬȻǧܹϷߣ˵˭š
˼תǧأʶʱӭж⡣˵̸һֱڱƣûܾӪôðһص֯
ס˼һᣬͷƲ죺˵ġ
ȻġҹгϣΪ˲֪㶫޵˭
ԣðҵˣͳͳǼٵġΨһʵģԼ߸ƽͷƣ˵˹ң˵ҵϡ
ҹĿһҡͷ߸㣬ϡ
߲죬ҹ˹ھֵߺûзضޣǰһطһطѺ͵һڡ
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ҹкȻЦˣضؿް˼ھػ죬Ҳһ죬Ѻ͵ڣ͵ϡ
ѺڹңƺҪˣ
ҹһЦһֺܶصĳȣڣǴҪˡˣҲҪˡ
ߣţǴҪšм죬ɿһ
ҹ˹ĵ⣺ҾͲǡȻһ٣չգߣǴˣӦòܵɣ
ЦʣֻȣֲȣҪܵˣֻ˵Ӫ̫ˡ
ҹЦЦ뿪ˣʣºߴ۶Сۡ
ԥһᣬȡë߲߱ͷ˵һߡ
ߺȻϣĿתؿŮʦʦΪʲô˵Ĵ֪ж㡣
ҹĽӪ֪ͬǴɾ֪µĵʦˣ˳ɲ뿪ˡãܳ
ĪгΪһԵúˡײǿ飬Ѿɫäˡһֱûս֪࣬ⶫ
´ͷ΢һߵԴ˺ԼɣʦͲκˡ
ץסնҪ֪
мܲס̲ޱĿ⣬תͷȥܾò˵ɳֵڶͲߣţСͲԡ
ҹеܶ඼С˵ˡҡľȻŭ𣺡ǵʦϢȥˡ
ؼҪлԼ
ȻߣȻŸӵУߵﲻң˭ﲻң
ҹУŭ͵Ҫըİ𣬱¹ܲʲôҪҹõͲˡ
˵ò˭ﲻ¼޸˭ؼңң޸˭νҪǣ޸ɵˡ
ΪⲻؼҪлԼǴɵ
۵׸֮ɫս㣬ģҵģ˭ߣ˭Ҷ֣ҾͿ˭֡
ǡɻʵۣ

ߴӴԽٺ˷ŭζûС
һΣµĻ±˵룬ȴϵķŭˡ
䵱գڸ·֣Լ͢Ⱥ֮£һһĺߵİΣһ̣߲ΪʲôµԼˡ
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ɣǾͳɡ
߰༤ҵ飬ƽ͵Ļ׼
һΣʱһһγɸǰΪֻܸܳս飬ڼģս飡
һս飡һ֧֧ս


267 ս飬ȵʿ
ս飡
һ֧δ֪Ŀս飬ϢӺð
߲ɫָơս˽˱һ֮ϵ彥ȥ¸ֵʻ
ս飬һȦһȥĿһɫߣ
ɫ½׵ص㡣
Ȼһʱ߻ججһɲǣ¸еǷ˺ʹָѡ
սǣǰһݣ壬ݼ
壿߳ãʼû˼һᣬΪģʽ
ڱƵĹλǲϹͦţϱƵţԼ»ø֣Ȼؼڸս顣һίʵྫꡣ
ƽǰ󣬱һڣľꡣ·ɱ𣬵õľ꣬ȻѲ١
ӱƽ߹Ǽȡ־Ͳʮ٣ʿžӲ
ǿս飬бҪ񻯸ֵľ꣬ҪΪ׼ġʱӣֻž㹻ˡ
һԸֻս飬սܿߣȴûж
΢ЦһᣬȻһţˣһˡ
һᣬ߰ѷͼзųϸϸĹ۲һᣬ̬ӵͼֻսǰƺڻ๵ͨ
»صߣͷսӣи꣬ȴҪṩѪ
ǣĹ֮һʱҪˡֻҪһڣΪ¸սṩѪ㹻ˡ֮ǻƺ֮
һᣬЯֻսǰһݣȵʿݼպͻ֮䣬ڸǲסĽϢ
ûȵʿԼӡ
һֲоʷеʷˣҲͶ޴ڶ֪ġ
һᣬ߲죺ˣһսĵϵôֻнף
߻һԽĸоơ»һ˼
һϽסɶǶ½ףȻȵʿнס֪ΪΣƺԽǰӾԽǿ
ȻĿǰģǾеľ񣬲Ǿ߱ձԵĴšȻеһ²û׼ǶԵġغǹŴǿҲǿʱû
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˼оһӵ̶ȣԵͷԤϵĲ࣬սһˡ
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ͲãĸͼʲôʲôΪʱ
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Ŀǰֻһǧ࣬ƺǧıơûսİδؾܷӶս
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һŭԼһ˿ζĻºȻһЩ˵ζīˮˮһ΢ĵ
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ռңؼҡ
ʲô鱨Ҫġߵ̤ɣ֪ռҺؼˣӴԵļ˼ҽг˽صϢ
ռңؼǴɵѫ壬꣬ұжʷڴʼ档
ռؼѫңطҲһطԼһ˿ζռҺؼңȴʯĳıɡ
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ҪռҺؼңµĻԼãǼǲܵƺΨһİ취ôɻʵֹһ
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ҡͷأĪҪдֻѵ˴壬Ȼ̸У
ȻȻǿӲѪһᣬϢ죬Ҳóȥʶһˡ
˵꣬ʩʩȻոƺеڴϹתƣ

̤ոһһĲС
һһܶ˶˵һеˡУһ类ʱˣУ类·Ƴˡ
һԽһе磬һΣоʼʲȥУУζ˵İ㡣
˵ʲôоǱ˰ˣԵģֻǸе
ȻԵõģŲæڽУҵĶǱعԱ߼١
ҵУ·˽࣬ҲࡣһսĶзһķʽǰȻսɰȴԵ൱Դš
ڷУ²һѿǣκ̫ˡ
һ߳ѿǣߵĲԽԽǿңһµʱֲǿüĶҪ
ʲôᷢʲô
ߴӴԽ١ǵһǿҵĲ
󿴲ĵطһһڵĺĬĬĳ¥ϣޱߣ
һֿ˵Ŀ⣡


268 ̣µӰ
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һһǰÿһͺУĳ
ĳһһ־һ˿еĿ⣬ıӰ

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Ȼ󣬺ĬĬĸӦһᣬһ˿Цһֶܶڸߡ˵ƺһ嶼ûС
Ȼߣ߻ߵˣнӪˣҲռҵˡ·ˡ
ƺȫȻںں˭Ƿţʲǫ̂ʲôͷ
ںʮѾ̥ϢѧʿˣںǱƷ߹٣ںһСУԺ˵Ҫ
Ҫǣ߱
һᣬȡһڽŲæĴϣʣһ˫һ˿е۾
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ߵΪ׵Ұ⡣һۿһˣʱ޶ȵ
˾һ˿еĿ⣬һߵ顣һ۶ӵɲǣһʧ
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ͬʱٶԺ˼һ룺Զ

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һԴ
Զ
ڹ룬ƺͷԾȻһ԰Ѻƿ
¶һ˿֮ɫƺһôѧʿȡߵ׼ߣʱ֪²Ϊһתڿա
˷Ծߵ㣬Ȼʧˡٳֵʱ򣬾ȻѾǧ׿⡣
һ֣Զǧһʼ֣ߣ̸ɾ䣬ֲĴ̿硣
סĿڣһ·Ѫŷʧ˺ѵľʹĿӣѸٵȫ
һ̣ʵ̫ˡȸ·ڰиߵ׷ŭ̿һУ̶ߣȫ׷֮
٣ԸͷˣԵһ㲻ίȴ죬³һѪɫĭֻޱȵĺЦ
ߴڴڴϢӣһһ̱ڽβ·м䣬Ǻ֪סеĲײΧ۵ǡ
Ѫڲסشָð;һð̱ܿĸʺ졣
ǲҪˣˣ᲻ᴩԽص
Ȼߺңֹס룬ƣ롣
ڻǰַ׷˿һȻٺЦûޱȡȻƿˣҪˡ
ҲҪÿ֡ˡ

ڹ컯֮±ɱ
Ȼʱ˵ڱƺС䣬׮ɱڶһѾ𺳺ͳˡ
ܶ˹ĵǴɱ¼壬ܴɱһˣǻ᲻жĸ߼ٱɱ
ǣҹУ˵ɱߡĿǰڱޣ֪ߵǱ
Ŀ̥ϢΪԼҹУΨһһԣҲֻ֪ţȴ֪ϸ
µһʱһֶŮģԳüԼһЩǺܺõĸо
ʦһ漰൱㷺ְҵʦֻս顣ܾ˵ģҩʦڶȱõҩʦ
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סߵ֣һִʧѪıУĥݰᣬһסĳͷԴ
ߣʲôɱ㣿һ㱨𣬾ԲŹԷ
ҪǣһԲ
ãȻؿ߿ӣһŷ飬ǷŭˣǾǱʹԼ˵Ǻεȸӵ
԰ԲɫԱʹֶŮһߣü߳ȥ
һıĴɱ
ߵ˼УŵӰһݱɱһĻ
ʱһ㺦ûУǲ£ίʵµ鶼ûüʱԺһĻÿһΣ߾͸еһ˿£һֿ־塣
ִĿ־УֻһʵϲʱǹƽģûܲŻǣһ졣
ڵֻҪϸٹ·ֻҪһ֡һеĵطһǳ⡣
һУĶ죬ٴɱʱǶô޵ֿ
ɱһһĳһδεļţӵоԵʵ޷ҵġΪۣ׷󣬸һе׷
ߵһУ߶õж¶Լʵ⣬Ҫѹ
ҩʦΪ߱ˣǴ̿;Եˡƫƫûһ֡Ψ֪еİ
һԸɴĴ̿ͣڴɱûзҲûߵκλᡣȻ̿͸֪ߵĵϸҲûκεĻᡣ
ΪˡΨһûԭǣ̿Ͳ֪ĵϸ෢һ㣬ȴǡһذ΢ƫһߣ
סһԭǣķ


269 ڣ˼
ǵģķ
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ǣһ̣Ķһ㱻ͱɲǣкȻһ˿˿ֵһСסϢ
ܶΪţǰһ߿϶ǡǲǣǾͲ̫˵ˡ֪Ϊôġ
Ҳֻ֪ʱܷǷԽɱˣҲһСֵԭΪķǳ
ķԲ򵥣ȴû뵽Ȼܾ߰
һƳĴӵȽȽ𣬵סһҩʦơ
ϸϸĸӦԼָеƺȫȻΪķеζҲίʵһѾˡ
ڶˡԳһЦ
ǰѵѧɱǸ̿һȽϣֱ۵òĿ̿͵ĴɱɴĴɱ䷶
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ķ󣬵סһһֳĶ
žҪӵǸΪԽտԽҪ򣬷򾳽İء
ڻеߣһԤУֻҪܶϤһΪؽһԾ

߻Եʱ粢δֹͣת
죬ٵŢ
ŢУߺȴ̧֣զࣺװʲôȻ֮أ
۵Ȼ·мǧڲһᣬһָĺȽһѳָ̧󺰣·һҪִ
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˵װʲôüĿļСӳġ
ôࡣտϰŮҲΪ˼Եʡ߸֣ʱһǳŮ
պţ˳˴ļǮڡһھ־ô࣬˼ǻǶ٣ǻһ֡
֣Ȼ˼ҵ𶼳ˡ
ھһСеҪôĻҪôǸƴУȻиֲھ׬Ǯ
һεİ˼ʵһЩˡ
ް˼ǿھȫվ֪ҶǶҵĲҵÿٳһڡҲһս֮
һ֣һصˣһصӡʲô붯˼ҳʲôûôһ֣ʲô
Ȼһһ̵ĳ֣Ȼʾһʶ˴ھֵͷˣʱǰߵݳŵȺϢ
ǰһ䣺סڱԽߡǾͻٵ
СӾһǸˣ᲻£ȴǼǵǸ˧ģһַǷʣȻĶꡣ
ڰ˼ھ˵ίʵһ⣬ӲһϢ
ڣ˹Ϊ˻ٵЦˡ

һȺӪƷĸ֣һȺɫѻסķǵİС
һʱ£ݶϣԾĳĳء
Ӫķɫȴвͬʻǡ廨ҲŷɥĴڡ
ĳȺɵķֳһɵĸ·һϢĵڸƴ
һĸҹбȭˣѾ¥¥ŵû֡
ףҹȴ·һ麮һھС
ǣĸٸϹȥ̧־һ¡
һⲻ̫õĿջǣƹĺȻɫһһźһɳ죬ȴǺȻһµĶϢͷ
ս鶼ƹһ첲նѪ׹䣬ʹ֮ºȻӪ
ĸһջУһҺ𶯺СƲһӳ
ҹб鵭߹һȥ¥¥ˣǰҴɲٿ˴ɱߡ
ҲҪᡣ
ߵ츳ҹ΢΢һ٣ʱ˵١
ƹѪɫļæͷʾһ֪ͨ
ƹȥҹ۰ᣬ˶ţҳǸ̿͵䡣
ĸ³ɲ⣺ˡ
ҹ۲һԣ߻Ҫ֣Ǿͽָ
ձ׿ڶָʹ˽ӪǰΨһǣ񣡡

ǽӪڸɻ컯յĴɱ¸еŭ
Ǵ϶µŭһͨսĴֵ̿ͣܵƣɱڸ߼ϣδؾܻ
ŭսܿһĴģ鵱У󱲺͸·Ļȴٸ;
ץ˲ӵϸԼץһƱӵĴ̿͡ǱǺˡ
ûʧˡ
϶¥ٴۣа˵羰Ȥ
šɫصͷ۲Ի󣺡˵ǲ
гֻ̾˭֪Ƶ֮ӣǡһȣʮ꣬Ѫһдˡ
еͷΪʱ˿̣֡ʵǺ޵Ȼɱֻ·ɻ
вΪȻȻţᣬûʮ꣬Ͳ޳񻯸֣
ꡣꡣһ˿أ֪޺ֹһΣѾ̥ϢΪˣࡣ
дſڽ쾹˵ʮ̥ϢΪҲίʵ̫ˡ
üûȷǲ֮ǰóȻ֣ʲôð취һҪ֣Ҳɼ
֪ˣһðǶ̽߸
ҡͷʧˣɱʧֻ֣»ˡ֪ЦԹʲôӣεĴɱҪǵҲգȻʧ֣ǽٲҪ˵ù
û뵽һͨս𣬾Ȼûɱ⵱桭иоޱȹ죬һοߵʱúһֻС֪ܿĴɱл
ֻĿ߹·Żеĵ׵ļɵ
߲Ѿ˯žˡ
Ȼٹֻ꣬»и˯ž
ƽҪɱߣʱϣ
üͷкܴɻ󣺡ܸоƺһ̺Ҫ壡ȴ


270 ©޽
СǺӣƺһ壡
һ߻һĥĹ⾰ƻʹ԰У£ˬĻʵۡ
ƵһƵ΢Ц̺һᣬȡһöɫӣ̱߽ǣΪƣƵȡ֮ʧơ
̫ڻʵ۵Ķ棬΢Ц½ڱ߽ǣĪ룿
룬ǺӾʲôƵۿĵЦˣǸ۵ĺӣʱ߳壬Ҳδˡ
粻ɫһԣƵ۵ĿƵϣǺȥ˴ɶһǶݣ
ǵġ繧
ƵʧЦһЩŪͿˣȻݣǱô˼ƫƫȥ˴ɣȥ˶һǾ͹ˡ
Ҳˡ
ɽկΪһΪұơȻڽľֹ޾ЩͿˡ
Ƶ۵ĿⲻͿѣϵ̱߽ӣƺ˼뱻һƬˣƺҲֻܴӱ߽߱ǽǿʼ
̫΢Цֻǲӣ
ƵΪȻصͷûƺ˾˵ĸˣٵˡʱ֣ӣǾֻС
֡
ƵĿ䣬ѰζعЦּڸ;ԺֳｨھŸ׼ѡټĻŲıԼԱװ
֣̲ס£Ŀǰ˴󶼶ƺұԱ㡭
Ȼɵİ˴󶼶ÿһͳϽʮҰսÿһȴֻ򣬱ԱǴĲ㡣
Ƶûᣬժһʻᣬ赭дھŶǸǺ׼ġ
ԼᶨˣҲƵһ仰ˣĵˣ̲סѵҪߵã
Ƶ΢΢һü֮û˹涨ְͲܿã޸׼˿õȨ
ֻҪ޴˭޵ľ
ɫʱóޱȣֱǷˡˣƵ۷ˡ
ѾֱõʹˣȻģڱòһ죬Ǳ޷ȫȨ١ȨȨϤһץնĪȨ
ȻãΪھŴ󶼶ĶǾ;Ȩ鱨Ȩһץˡ
Ǯ鱨оȨе̡ʱ߳ͷβǱƵͷӣôᣬֱߥı
ߵʱ㱣ʧǵġ첨ˣһֲ֮ģ֮ڿڵĲ²⣡
˭̳Ƶ۵ΣҲߣ
ûƵۺ̫Ļǹעϲ̨档СǺӲܱȾҪô뿪ãҪôһλá
뿪ãֻáˣûУ˭֪ƵĴ㡣
̫΢΢һЦ˵Ļ⣺£ˡ
ƵĿ뿪̣ԶȰ˵ޣ̫ͷ
ƵۺһֶⲽСǺ֪һû׼á׼ˣû
ȻǺЦǺӲ֪ڵʲôȻ֣Ǿʱˡ
ƺͶ׼ˡ֮Գٳûսȵľǲźš
̫࿴Żʵۣʵɫ죬ȻѵĿҺͶĻʵ۶֪ɻʵҲ֪
һֻлʵۺͼ֪ܡҲֻйǿĹҲ֪
ֵʱ򣬾˻ʱ½ٵźš
˭õ˭ܳΪ˻ʣ
ƵۼҿԣȳѪĵ˦ƽĿǵּԺڸ󣡡
պ󣬴Σ
εƣֻԶԶһƴǵصĺƹס

߲֪ƵۺĳЩ˵Ĳ²⡣ȷƵԣĳЩ߽ˡ
ܷƾ֣ܷӱ֣˷֮ǹؼ
ʱסķĬ©֮ɳ֮ˮ˰֮
ڸԼе©֮ɳķƺͬԴ˺ܹĸоƫƫΪ
ǳͬԴƺӡ̸֤Ĳɡ
ϸĲ©֮ɳоķĳЩ֮ϸ΢ĶϤÿһ֡оԽˡ
֣Բ©֮ɳʶ൱ǳ©֮ɳ·һΪ磬˵ĸо߸о֪©֮ɳһּߵľ硣
һ˰֮˼ƺָĽޣԼķĳЩص㡣֮ˮͲ©֮ɳϸĴĦҲƺһζ
ǡʱ߸Ӧһ壬ĬŲ©֮ɳȻѪ˿һһй¶Ƿζʲô
һĪϲӿͷƺ׽ʲô
©֮ɳһɳ©
Ŀɿڴ࣬ȷһ󵨵뷨ޱȵС©֮ɳ֮ˮ˰֮ƺǷľ硣
ɼģڵתķתÿתһȦصһᣬ΢Ļ
һ类ᴿһ㣬øӾȻᡣģڵγһԼΣһöһ㡣
ߵˮɷǲסתסᴿУһ𣬽ѷֱ˴ˡӾ
öȴǼۣһʱۣһʱַ·Ҫɢȥ
һ˿˿ĺ⣬һĽԼԼһĨƵĺۼ
ۼ߲֪Ӳ©֮ɳв߾磬ǽɽ𵤣ǽ𵤾Ϊ
һöһ˿˿ҪƵʱ򣬼һͻΪ徳ʱȴȻһӴӲ״̬ѹ

Ͳһ徳ˣͲһ㰡
߸пգգۿڴ˯£ʶӻˡ
ҩʦˮ׼ĸߣƾȻ˲١£ԵһЩ㲣߿һԺȦʱ̲סЦ̲סе鴤һ¡
ƽظʦоǰҹƽؾкȦʱ͸Ũˣһ
ҪŷֱץסֻĺӵͷŪĶ䡣¶ίʵܲˣȻһˣߣʱϲ
߼æѹסµĺ촽ֻĺܳ¶ߵ͵ʦǳȴµĶ佥
塣Ļŵ಻סĵ׵ȸԾûˣ
ôֵˣѹƵĵطôң֪ܵļµС֣ңǾͲй磬ˡ
һЦŭһۣƺǴʱЦ֪˭ɱ㣿
¥¥Ĵ̿͡˭ףҵһ̫뷨ɫȻ
¶ʱ¶һƽţߺȻʦǳˣ뿪
µͷãΪ˲񣿡
ûش𣬴Եġ϶ккôΪڴɵһŻ
ҧס촽ֹ̲һСŮƵĽţץߵַۡ
²ֻǲϹĶǵ¡̣Ļָʹߵ˭Ȼ
߼ץһ˫ŵ۾Цѣʦģ
ɱҵģһռҡ
˵ô˵ºףռңѻܡ


271 ӵ
ɶǰ˸֮һֱǰս֮һȻǱǿʢս֮һ
ɵİ˸ͱƵİ˸һʵϾԲܻȺšһƽͳ˧ʮһƽͳ˧̫ˡ
ư˸Ʒʵְָʹͬɵİ˸Ʒʵְ
ܴУӱΪ֮һȻмƣҲԲȱ
ţɽˣԴӾںļ̧ͷһߵľ飬õ϶Ĵ𸴡
»һŶǾͰƽ˻ȥһ٣֪ÿЦǸøпս֮Ҳ飡
ĥʯϵġΪһս
˸ǲǰս˸ȻÿһսȴǾһɫǾĥµġ
˿ŵ˵״ս֮Ҳҵģ¶
Ϊ󶼶ĸ֣ĿǰڶĶǺںսǴһ߽תڵģȻս
κΣں飬ǱȻġ²ϲҲֻаţڸɵҲ
֪ܷ϶λãԼռҡ
ɻʵۺռҶĥϣ˴˶ĬȻǿάϵֻԴԻĽסһߡ
ҪôһϯһҪôھò޴Ȩɵ۸ռҵһԽߣ֮һȫߡ
ռѾһˣҪֳӾˡ
ֳԺȻʲһŨīֽϻǧﻯΪһ̾ϢСӣ֮Ҹ˵źã
ʱҽҴҸϣֶСȻˡߣҲˡ
ţһ飬ëһ˦žڰֽϵ÷һĺۼȥ
治ֶŮһܵ˽ֶŮˣҲһԳ嶯Ȼռҵ磬ֳӻֺЦ¡
ˣûߣڳſľȻؿߣƺ֪ˣȻС壬СҵģҲ㡣
ңɱߵˣռ޹أ
µĲɲҪ档ԳܾúܾãſЦСӣҲŷ֣ǴˡǺǡ
ǺһЦȴǳ˿ɬȻʮǰúͳ嶯ŮӻҲֻɵһ嶯ʵڼ˰ʲô֪ʲô
ʱº͹ȥȣǳˣȴҲƽɣ˵ʧ䣬ͺʱϲ۰ֶŮ͵ˡ
ץסĸ첲ССȥ

类˵ͷһɫ԰૵ѵǼȻǣߣ
߲һˣһûˡǴ̿ͣռģģ̹ȻʲôûԿ
ܡ˶ѧԽϺͷĳЩҡ
ǿЦСӣδؾǼĴ̿͡仰ԼšռңûҪߵ
ľȻ𣿡
סԶԣγ̾ǣǡ֪ˣҲ֪ǵʦˡ
һ٣ӵСӣ֮ĹϵѰƺͽܡҡ﷢Ҿֻø˵ˡ˵ȥˡ
ռҸɵģǾ;Ϊһ仰
»ˣֶŮȻû֪СκΣռҲ֪ӺδϢ֪»֪³˵ʦӵʦһ㣬˳ɾҹ֪ͨռҵġ
ºؼлԼؼҲ֪ҪлԼռȴҲҪʦ׮ȥĻ¾±
Ȼռһ֪Ǵӱĵط֪
ߺ֮ĹϵѰҪлԼ߿ֻȥˡ
Ҫ˲һЩΪռҺؼһںʲôʲôݣһֻ˾ˡ
ؼǣռңڣ֪ߵݺ츳ֻΪһ츳ڶʱֻΪʦ
СӡС졣̾ȴһ׮£ֻһе츳ʦѣôֶŮ
µǰһųỨʲ԰ӣС壬ͳͳˡ
µ۱ʵ͵Ϊûʲô˾ˣǴˡ
ǶޱõƷ߹٣Ƶ۳谮ƴӪ
ȻƷ߹٣ԳԾѣΪ⣬̫Զˡ
ƴҡͷƴס᣺ʮ꣬Ѿ̥ϢΪˣҡ𾪵С壬˵ѧʿ
ԵļһѪԴǵͨ졣
ʮ̥Ϣѧʿκ츳൱һơңɣڳ͢Ǹҫ۵δ
ռΪԶڶޣͲܰˣǲܣǻһ˾ûҪһӵ˹츳ˣƵŭԻԽޡ
ţһ츳꣬ھⱻɱˣɻʲôɾԻŭ
ʧʱ֪
µᣬΪ߶ҲΪռҶ

û˵£ߣȻֻռҸѿ
ƻ΢ɽϣ߻һӰޱȵɽͻһ߿ͽһ߳ס˼˷֮еĲ͹ؽڡ
Ϊ࣬츳һơǴǱˣκΣҹмȻǽӪˣǴɾȻ֪츳ˡ
ʱ˵ɿ϶֪ߵ츳
ûбȷ£֮⣬һֱûۣһڹǲһγ㻺͵أֽⷭ
ֱǲλڣ۹߾ۣھǰҲֻץϹķݡ
һУ츳ߵơȻû׼ķҪҲпܵģԣŲһŻ
񰸵ʲô֪鱻ɵۺͽӪաһɵ۵˽ӣɵ۵ӣŪǶǲܵ
츳в֣ȡһ߻ᡣԼ˰֮־ڱصõġ
Ժһ飬¶֮ɫ֮⣬ԼԴ̬ȣĶ붼档
˵ʮһ˲Ҫ
ʵκγֻ˲ŵĸʱͬ仯йŴԻʵ˵˲ž£ܴʤ̵ˡ
Ծ˵ɾҪ˲šĹпƾ٣佫٣ͬɸѡ˲ŵ
ɫڣѰһѨʱϢ
һϢһ֦ڵϻһµĵͼ
ƣɣɽկݣ
һЦ⣬ĻһߣԼԼİѴɺͱȷе˵ǰѶ޺ͱ
ѾĳЩ߽ˡֻȴƱ䶯
׼ǡʱҡһΪ֮һͲ֪ĳЩǷı׼
һؼĵߡ


272 ɵ֣֮ɱ֮

ˣÿûûεʱ̡ΪֻΪȫȫܽáõ밮á
߱Ÿ첲ȣֽһ£Ƶİһաͨһˮֱˮ̶
ʲôʽˮŲ棬ΪھҲĶ֡
ۣڲ̦ʯϣˮ߷ˬˬû˵
һŴڳӣ´ɫʿۣˮצװϾ˧
׿£߰οֵܣһ̰ɣ̫ˡʮ꣬ڵ򣬲׼ĺϷȨ
̫͹岻áʮ죬ʽ硣
˵ܵܣȻһɭ֮ɫʱĳһЩһ̵Ľˡ
ýĳЩ֪ϻƨãߵβá
һƮȻתͶ֣תʧ
ˣǾͳ·
˴ھֵ֣һУ˷׷·
˶޲ڸˣǹƼΪڸ˵ĸоʵ̫ˡûҲǹѺڵĲǻƽԣɲʲôա
У˴ھֵСļ·ڶ˼һ·ˡ
·ˡ֪ˡ
Ҳ˸пӪҲװи߼ԱģǶֻҪʩŷˣһ±ߵæýͷö
峿ʱ֣˶ڶ
ʱֻƵ۵Ⱥٺٵˣ֪ζʲôʲôÿ˶ڲ²⣬ʲôǲ񣬵û˲µõµҲ˵
Ҳû֪Ƶۺɵ۵ˣΪλΪŲ񡣲ʲôһŵɡ
һӪҴ¥ٴλȭ͵ˣ˴ھֵ˳ˡ
ҹ̧ͷʾ˹ĵõʢһЩ࣬ȴüڵһˣԵ㶫¡
һˣĸһйˣܣˡ
ҹвŲæĳһ࣬ʾС裬ŵ˵ⲻǡһ£ǱòǽӪûһܻġ
˭УָʹҲСһУûвˣҲûÿ¶ضɹˡ
ҹлԶڶޣͬУʹضй֮
ɫһ٣ǽթ˵ˡοӦϡ
˵꣬ҹɫ࣬ã԰ɣܳԲ¡

ܿ죬ˡ
ף˴ھֵе಻ԣԸ̱޵򣺡ı޼ֱ˹ĵطⶬܲˣƫƫȵܲˡ
¸ߣ̫Ĺ̫ˣֱҫһȫûдĴڡ޵ȻвٵĲ
Ϣһ¡˴ھֵһ£͵ڹٵϢȡҵȪˮͳ
ʵе㲻̫Ӧ·е⣬Ҳ߸˿ԣʱ䣬ĸ·Ȼ̫ۡ
ͷҿ̫졣һͷչͷһۣӪں߸ţﲻý
տЦһۣͷҿҲ͸һӹ졣һ·˸٣Ҳ¡ڽӪ
ԳӪҪڣǰȫˣҲסҿǴԼд㡣
һͷȻ£ɲôҲЩٸҺɵ£ҾĥȻȥˣǰֵ㡣
ⷽͷΪȻ˵ǱߺüˡǶϱҲڴ򣬱ƱҲҪ̡ûһĵط
յҿҪˡ
ΪͷԾѣռǿ֮أ޶ڴ̡Ȼ˵̴ûͣƺͲ̫һ
˵ͷǸ̫һθоͺǿԼƵģצĥ
ޱߣǱƺͶһһɵϱǿɻȣǴսϱߵϵ֮
һ飬ǴΪ˺λϱߣҲһĥļ
ͷпҿû׼Ҫˡ
ڰ˴ھʮ⣬ҹкͼĸ²ɫҹü߻ûʲô
ĸ»࿴һۣˣδؾͻɣҿֻǶˡ
ҹߣɽ壬ǱµΪӪ޵ˣֻ㵨ɫƾʲôϱʹλá
⣬һ
ҹն¶һ˿ϧϧǶ֪̫١ʱ֪Ƿ̸硣
ڿ츳֮ǰƣߵĵϸһЩϢҲûˡ
˼ȥԼеƺʲô
¿ɫҹкȻ벻ˣʲô
ҹдˡ
ʱ˿̣һϪߣĶԶ˵ұҲΪ߽ջ֡Ȼʱû֣Ǿ˵һ¡
ʲôв磬ĺ档
߰ѵҹеĲϣвߣвӪɡегпҲأҲǺ֪
пЦñˬϪˮһڸǲסľ㤣Ϊ߻òȴû뵽Ȼõزϱһ̵ġ
лǲ
ϪӰ૵߽թˣûڶʱġҲУҹиӲС
ˣһȤĶ֡˵ģ档
вںкߵĽоԼϱӾ
иһ仰˵߽ղ֣ڡʲô³
⣬ߵĵ
кȻԼһѵ룬Ȼʲôɱ˲Ѫˡ

ĹһЩơ
𵹵ïܵϣ·ֹͣһ㣬ĬĬĹ۲ٵϵǡ
ھֵ˹ȥˣȻҹС
һЦҹпҲûôѵ챻̸ƣڰһ߹ˣǵԣԸһЩʱ䡣
ٸһ磬벻Ǿͻȥ߷һɭȻᣬһңһȥʧ
һᣬӪһèŹٵԲɫȻǰ
ǹȥ³֣ɭɭһϦ»ɫĹâȬ߳ɵƣһ
ɱʣȲǷռΪظռ㡣һ£ռңǾһ£ɡ
廨ɽ壡
ӪǲǾǿţ˵Ƿڶ޺ͱޣǿġ
߿ЦӪҾʹã棬ʶһǿжǿ
ҹС촽ƾҹе㱬µĻԼҪһУǾͶԲ£Բһѻ
һתʧ
ʱҹɫһפ㣬ɿ˼в׽һ˿⡣
ȻһĶ𣬲Ȼɫ䣬һֱòҰףˡ
ӳոһ̣ͳˡ
ĸ´㵵ؿɫұ䣬˹ʵȻ޴˾
ҹۣһĨŭս֣ղ֣ھͻᡭ
ڣ
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273 ʮ꣬һƭԵ
ڣ
ۣڶеĲ£б
֪ʲôжļֵǣǡ֪һ㣡
Ȼ֮£ҹؽɻġ
вҲڼһˣ뵽йؽڣ˼ֵ
ҡҡͷû֪ļֵɵֵۡԽߣɵԽӣҹһʧ֣³Խҡ
ȻΪӪΪǲһֲָ֪ͬ£
ԣ˵ϱһ̵ġôѲȫֵѹե
Գû뵽߹һ֣ܰҹп
߲֣˴ھ־ͽڡڣǾҪڡڣɵ۾ͻŭŭͱضҪùȡزҹоǰӡ
ĪҪһЩˣ֪ڡµġⶼ鲻Ǿֻ˵·ǷͰ
ܲѣһĶ֣Ǻö֣ŻøȤ
ϸĵһһЩлȻ򣺡ҹ뵽ˡ
ߣʲô̸
ߣɣαضزأûĶǱõ档
ߣҪʲôܷ׿̸
ߡ
źڹٵԵɽ𵴴Щ͵úԶһʱ䣬ƻʱڵɽֱ
ٵĽӪڹٵȥķߺȣǶôˡ
ˣˣ
߼ΪҹûɥΪɵƶеԵϲá
һЦͶ䣬ⲻѡÿһ൱ҹеһθȻǺˬ
ȻǺܴȴҲǺܱκ˰ӣӶⷴȥ
߲۵ˣȴҲûۡŵʹúڳŵ˻áҪյʱ㿴һ׼Ӻȫһ
Ӳʲô˳ܵС򣬾ǣҲαװġ˳ǹɺݾǧŴġ
Ϊˬ˸߳ˣԶˣǾֻ̡
ƾ亰ǺƲߵġ
߰вҹУӲӥôô򵥣
кҹУղ

ѣ
һڸҳ
һһʧĶҹоͷͨˣȻµ߹ƾ͸Ƶè⸽Ͷ䣺Բʮѳ
ƾƣ߻ŲţҹԼҶš
˺ɤӣеۣ˳ߣʱˡ
̧ͷߵһĨͣҹеĺϵ˳һأдԼ߸ʱҸʱڼ䣬һҪҳ
ǣĸ֪ش󣬼æȥ
һɫҴҵĸϹǽǣˣ˴ھֺȻͣˡ
ǻĽҰ⡭ҹһ𣬺Ȼһ飺˵˴ھͣˣǰʮسǡѵҪڻĽҰһ죿
˿ЦǵĶ׼ƺǰˣҰϢһ
ҹɫ䣬񱱷ιǣˣ˶һʱ׹޲ﲻ֪롣
ĽҰ⣬׽Բءָ˴ھְسǣһǣǾǽӪ¡ȴ
ҹе类īˣȻתȣ˵Ķʲôط̰ǵ
ǣˣȻӦŵУһˣոմʦǰݷã
δȵԳ˵ĶҲҪʱܸˣرɡ
лѡҹǿȭһЦæ¸ȥسǵرһȻ˴ھֲˣ߾֪ǵλãʱܹڡ
ΧΪԲ
һ½ɢȥҹнϣתȭ⣺ոմʦ֪кָ̡
ԲɫԱ˰벽óµλ¶һ˿ŭܿ㣬Ҫʲô
³߲ûǵʦռҵˣܶˡ
һתۣҹо뵽һ仯
åƦӣ
ҹмѪѪڰ죬ѹסŭ𣬰и͸ߣҧгݷ֪ߵĿɺ֮
Ψһץߵʹûָˡ
û뵽һ㣬˵Ҫ¥¥ռҺؼҵϺ鱨
ǳ𲻹ҹˣְҵҹеһʱжϣҡͷ鱨û⣬մʦҲ֪˵ؾ뾩жԶһھ޷ء
ȡһֽԺ΢ЦûɵһϵԽУ˵ǡڣʱǡ
ҹкȻĬãһ٣оһҸ鱨
ȻЦΪͽܶе˵ôɣǾֻ˵ҪǾûʲô̸ˣ˲һˮ׼ߡ
ҹ̸˵թˣұôġһ٣ǰҲ𣺡̫ˡ
ߵ̫ƭˡԼοû˵Ҹ棬ŵʼԼԽԽţԽžԽױߵƭ
һ࣬ʶĴҹ¾ͻָ侲ȻչһЦȻѹѹҡɹ
ʲôѹѹǰҪǲҹеǰңźȫҪ군ѹ
ҹٴδЦǰһ֡Ϊǲ񡣡
Ϊ¶ԣЦһԾǵͷһ㣬ϵɵͼҵëĹϵûСŲںʲôҪˡ
ϵɵͼҵ
ҹжʱһëĺ򡣱ʧȥѹ·ɽһѹϡ
ϵͼҵòھˣлᡣڱ³ֻΪĸʮ
ƵΪ˱ưҵе֮һ˵Ϳ
Ϊʵۣɵ鶼ǾͰ׵һػʵۡ

ǳصѹ
ҹкò׵ѹָ侲ؿܣֺһһӰ֣ڣһˣȡȥӪ¥¥ռҺؼҵ鱨ȫ鱨
˳㣬˴౨ָʹˡ
ȥҹһѵڽӪϸ֪ڣ
ƴסЦµģ
µģµģµģһµģ˶ˡôˣ߾ȻòµģҲ̫ˣ̫Ϸˡ
ҹеɫ䣬ѪƴӿϺ޲ðץڲݶ
ʱ߹Ȼڲݶ롣ȻǲµģǾ仰һҲ
۲̫ʵ۶ӵģӡȻֲ˴ھֺպٰء
ǲڣƺΨһѡ
ڣ
һƿնȥͷȲѣѰζĺȻѵһǵ͹˲ļֵ
Ĩƽ˶ͷƣ°˼Ȼһ
Ӫѹˡ


274 һǮ
廨ɽ壡
ӪӪ
ǰ䣬˵ӪƷص㡣䣬ĳһɵ۵һ𣬾ǽ廨ɽ塣
óｨ֮ȫӪѧϰġ
Ӫ⣬ӪڡɽڱޣǾŷɥĴڣһֱΪǿĴڡĺ򣬲޽źʹ̼ҵġ
ٲһӺӪײ塣ӪʼǶΪȽϾ߱ԺԣڷԶӪ
һӪһΣӪҲϤˡ
Ƿӥ˾ԺǶޱ϶֣İĽӪ
Сںܶ򶼺оΣУн
طҰսĻ֣Ǵɵ״ȴѾ½ѧϰȥһƶϣһЩı仯ܼķΧһĸĸ
ΪߵĹϵĸ£䷨ʯ䷨̶ֳȵķ
ԣɺͱһ£ԼǷΪ𣬷ֱȺ͵ģǾӣȴӴġ
ߵģڸʵñƵ۵ĴӪһɫݵı޵ǿߡ
ھӺ񻯸֮ģڸ鱨ţǸ֮һ
ӪŷɥȻǿӪ䵽ĵزǹָʹԴ˹ʺǿˮ
ߵ˼УɿĹһԽӪ˽⡣
ֻһۣ߾ͰԳһϸ΢ȫòƾӪһԽǡ֮εʽܿӪ鴫
Ϊޣòȷӥ˾˶ڣǵ̺ʽ˺Ѹıķ񣬸иĺôͻ
ӪĶԽǡ֮ߣгΪϣһ൱ʡʡķ
÷ûѽһ飬÷ͷŲǿߴ㵣Ȼڴܣء
һ飬оߵĴϣһǰ£ͷսͿ
Ӫվλ÷״ȻûΪֶ
һôΣ߲һᣬεЦˣһˣӪʵûҳ顣

ѹΪƽ̹ĵشҪɽʱüëһɣˣ
һǲһ·ɽһЩλζȻҲܿ١
ҿףΪʲôɽһŷɥĴڡզ಻ѣǧ̲ǱƵȹܱȽϵġ
רҵ
ڸипһ£һԴæڸϡʱһӰûͷӬһҴܣĳЩɡ
ߣߣĸߣ߬һѺܷصȻû̫İˡ
᲻ӹڵȴһȻر᲻ǡֻ֪Ҫҹпϵʱһ
ر档Ǿֻ˵ζƤӣǾ˵ɱΪĻҪӲ
ӺðԽӾԽթ
߲ĵͷΪʲôֻ뵽ЩĸöǳĻ¡ѵһսǧǧĽս
ԣߴȻΪǧǧƶײֻһֺñһ˵ĴڣһҪթܡ
վһߣüЦƺ˿ûֳʲô³
û֪ſϵߣδӴ̺ô
Լܶܶûôɹˡ۳ƤҲδؿסֳŭ𰡡
ҫ·ˣÿһ˵ɫԾ
ҹһһӡɽߣȻͷһۣռҵ鱨Եɫʱеѿ
»شҹоûմʦʮֻ꣬Ҳռҵ״򣬲ǷռΪҿ϶񶨡
һܷŭҹĿڣಿλ㤵ģ˶ԴˣҲһˣҲŭ´ʦߣԴ
¿ֽȻһЦƺҲʧɫˣգͺܶ˵ղͬһա
ҹĿֽ϶һȻںǾ˵ֻҪ㹻ͻύҪ٣
ϱûдֳ̯ʵ
ȻҹʧЦָָֽҿΣ
ɫŹ֣Ҫҹм֣νһǮ͸㿴
ҹǮһͭ壬ӹֽһۿȥըˣѪڣһѪûסһ

ֽϵĵһǣʦ㡣Ҳա
صǽһ֣ҹ˵Ҹʦ鶼͵㻹ҪҪˡ˵죬˵㻨һǮܣȻŰСһǮǵüһֶôָĳ̶ȣ
һ֣дŤŤͺڿ񻶺ǣӳִʶǣŰд˴֡
ǰ˼άǣһֻľƨɵӡ֪Ƿӡ˼ӵƨϻ˼ߴơ
㣬ըըһ׼һȭͷչȥҹֻѪѾǼıˡ
ҹһĻˣҲҪ˹Ҫеʣʱ֡ʹҲҪʹ족Ʀˡ
ֻһֱۣü
ʱҴҸ£ҹжӵ飺ˣ޴ߵĲϣ
ִĨһ죬ҹͲ裬һãŴߵߵĸϣһ߿һɫ仯ף֮һ
֮һҹϸĵظһߣȻЦˣݲѣ
һͷѹ˵ڱƵ־ʹĸʣȻ衣
ĸʷֱǣ裬թ谮ţֵ˵ڱƺܶĿеҹпЦǵѪȻңƱҪһʣ
̱óҧгݵ˼
ʼֱԺЦѡǰֻͽܻ֣ܺƤͦǼʶߵһˡġ顱֣ɫʱһ졣
ҹаݼ¼鱨ֽ鱨Ȼȫ棬ܶණҪһЩʱ䡣ȻҲߵĵӳ类ڳ
ҹָŰɽϱȥǱ߰ɡ
һ٣ɽĳǵ±߾ǰ˴ھ֣
ոûǱյ㣬ҪõֵġΪ˲񡣴Ӱ˴ھִֵﱱޣҾһֱڰпš
̸ɵۣԲȻ
ҹг˵ϵҴɵİҵ
š
ҹ̹Ȼֱԣߺܽƻ֪ΪΣ׼²ڣһֻе
ԣòвҡǰڻ٣ұɡ
ҪһҪ£Ҫġ
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ǰΪʲôɴ


275 ݣΰ˷
Ϊʲô
Īɵ۵־ǡȡ˼䡱ҹзʵĹ⾰Ҳɻ󶶸С
޿κεһЦĪӣָһʲô֪йز֪ĶΪޣҹ֪ĶࡣˣҺжϡ
һЩ˵ʧȻźеۡ
л뿴ͬʧΪǻҪͣһµһЩɵ룬֪ʲôܣҲ֪
ĳЩδ֪ɡΨһһɿĽ;ǣǲ룬ǲܡ
в죬ܣǴɵĵ̡ĪҪ˵ھڣھ⣬ɵֵԼûвʰɡ
кǻۣû֪ʲôǴģһõģϵΨһģ
Ҳû֪˭еڣԷжǿʵ
δȴˡ
߿ϣҲ˼Ϊʲô
ȻΪɸаˣǻųǹһҹɨռ̫ϵŴǡ
ǣǾֻһ𰸣һ㣬ߺͺеĿȽһ£һעĶͲһ
ǣ߿ǴɶԲǹҡ
ʲôǹңñȱVϼܵĵһ죬֪ݺȴȻȥǾǹҡ
·ɵ﷢һ̾ϢӪȻ۰޵ǰˣҪı䡣
ԳһЦΪѧϰӪȽĶ缸ӦͬߵȵȡκΣһۿ֪Щ֪ˣҲδõ
һԽǡ֮ߣһ۾ͿǣߵΪЧʾʹ½
ߴʱ֪òѧѧáһ仰ѡԱаһ˼ҽӪȴǧһߵˮ׼һ
˼ҽӪණǶǧۡûдɵӲˮ׼ѧȥҲǺѧ
꣡ͳͳ˾߾ԼĻˣҲ̲סֿڡ
еûζȡҺˣؾ׽¡һ߿ɫһ
ԽãȴδӦķ棬Ʃë֣Ʃ緢٣ƩéޣƩ翴ʱ䡣
Ҳǿƾһ㾭飬жϴŵʱû׼ȷʱɡ
ԼĸʱŻĥһᣬ̾˿ʲôǿֵֿ˸ˣһһĶˡ
ΪɵǣΪ˴֮УʵĶɱˡʰҹУʰӪǾԲһȺŵĸ
ڲŽᣬǹڶ֪ͣҪɱˣӪԵˣȥ˴ɣһ׼һһӡʲôﳬǿ˸񲪵˲𰡡

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ſӣԱһȻٶȣϢĿӰȻһӵĳ
ָʣһ˲ˮʣãһ·Ľ˿콣ӹ䡣Ӧͷ·һ㺮ںϣ
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Իͷɵһң̫Сִˣ·Һȣع͸ҳԣתʳƷҲҳԣʲôǲҵģ
һĺХٻ˸·һ߳ˮƵӿ
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ԩ޳һͰսųΪرͶǰɱʮӪ֣
ˣ̽ͷ۲һԼĻںԶĵطγһʮرͼˡԣʱľǶ
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ǣǾǹȥʱˡգգۣ۵׵֮ɫƺӵĻˮ

һ˷ȴûзӪĺǿ߾ɽҲҪ˼ҵ塣ƺû㡣
ƷһӰٴɽ·һʯʱһӰʯߴڳһ죬ʱһһŰ˺ˣԼɽȥ
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һƷ硣ɽһһȻߣ
һתۣƮȻãƹұһѤõĽ⡣˵ǿ콣˫һ˶ҲǽҲס콣
ִߵˣһƵķȥʱ򣬺Ȼһָоˮͷ̧ͷһʱ󺧣ҿ

ӪǺ½һ塣һᣬһϻ裬Ȼ߶ʩչսȻһɲ֮һƿգ
һɲǣĿ峺Ϣ·ΪҹעһĨɫʣȴյģ
֮
ʱɫ΢䣬ƺһˡߺñײϣһѪһۣһĨ׹ȥ
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͸ӦУӰȻһģһϢҲһȫֱ治һʲôս鼼ѵ


276 ͻΧŪӪ
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֩ס˿ϵһΪ˵ɫʣʯڻһɫ
ƮȻӹûߵĴڡ
һ䣬ĿڵѿˣһѪ°Ŀڵ˰ޱؿɽϡ
ָһ㣬ѾӪ֡˼Ҫ
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ʱĹ۲죬ƺһ𣬰䱸Ӧ鶷֡ûڣ߲жϣֻܿµġУǾʹֻһ
ڣʱŮʦӦȥˡۣһ㺮⸡֣ʣһֱֲ¶Ӧ۹
Ĩƽͷƣ°ĥ
رˣҲˡ˿ˣϵͳ˽һǾԻһʱĻңԴ©ԽӪͣӦúܿͻס©ֹֻҡ
ߺȻЦˣһֱڵȴĻᣡ
ϵͳ绹һԻ©˶ð£˶ˣҲµ⡣Ӫ©ҪľǽӪ©һᡣ
߳ϽӪߣȻ˶йܿҲͲڡֶһҪ˼¶յҲһַ

ȻһӰϮһӪ֣ת۾ʧ
ߺѧϰǰ̿͵ķҲѧϰˡ
ȻһӵĻң˱͵Ϯ֡ĽӪԱ侲ҪҡɱǣҲɱ
ߣǾԲң
йԱ֣óĽӪܿڲóﵭ¸ëֲɱǡ
ȻֵԶһɧ˴󺰣
һִҴҸˣϮһˣǵƷѵˣ
ţðǵ˻ȥԱȻرİٻ׼ȥ
һһٸˣλǶĲˣ˹Э
ܺáҲ׼
иƨá
߲ɫӪߣ˫˫Ųãë׵׺ЬüûСϸϸŲǽӪġһЩҡ
Ƕ˿ڸˡֻһյʱͻΧ
Ǵʱ
èʱŶͽӪмһŤбǱСǰʮף˼һ£΢תһ·ǰʮףתһ·
˹һͽӪȫû֣ھԼмԼʮ׵ĵطߺδ֪һǵĹɣһʱĻңȻ֪ͻƵһߡ
һޱȾķʽïܵк͹ľУĵŽӪֶԽǡ֮˶ʱһ߻
֮յͻƷߣȴ൱еȺΣաⶼңǽӪһһͳˡ
м䣬Ϣȴһᡣû⣬Ӫܿͻᷢңֹҡ
رͶƣκβͬϵͳǽӪˣΨһֹңֵַİ취ӹܵڶߡ
һᣬһһߴ߳ǰߵ˿ӹܵģǽȥѡ
ȻʩʩȻèӣڽӹܷߵʱһֶȼٵķʽյͻһߣΧȦ
ޱգȻֱ̤һɡ
˿ɣҪôΪԼϹһ˫ۣҪôΪӪͳͳǰ裬ҪôΪǷӡ
Ѿܶû赭д̬ĵϷӪˡ߻ǰĵһ

⣬ɲڻԾžĻ棬ÿһ˵ɫԵ÷
һĿһܻˣ
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278 紵ɳѪ
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ν޵һ޵ڶҪ뱻Ϊ޵һ֣㻹Щ۳ԷҭˮĺѺѡ
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ҪߺȻȻһЦÿɷ񣬲һ㡣
ҪģǴҪģ˵ûãǵÿ̬仯

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ҹһ٣ʲôǸɵҹУǲŵڴȻҪɵˣҪôϽ۵ĴȱҪôֻͶЧɡ
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ҹмѪɫֻ޲öõû˵仰


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ػʺ֮ǰԸʲô
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˵ǴүͷӪǰǰæµ㡣һ·߳ԵĴȫõģҲǿڸһѡ
߶ٲҹеȼ˴ӿʼսս̬ƺ΢תΪͿܣڴ
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һû׼˵û򵽱޵ߣʵ۾ѾˡǴǿ󵽶ʮʹ±ޣҲûǸѹҡ
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˻ʲۣ
˼ǻȥ˼˻ʵصۣһ֮ȫܴ
ǵǿĸ壬ص֮һǳ
仰˼ʲôأżһ룬˵˻ʻԭ򣿻ߣƵ۵Ϊܳ٣

Բ˼ȻϢչ࣬ʱһüЦһǳ˷Źֵ顣
ᣬȻᣡһ֣Ȼ֪ĸоŹ֡
ŲǰϸĶ꣬Ĭһ䣬ʱ˿һķֽΪ΢Сһࡣ
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Թһϵֽ࣬϶ɡû̫ˡ
Ψһϲʤյǣһ֮󣬾ȻͻƳˡܡࡣӾ޽࣬һСڷ˵ȴһĿԽ
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૸ࣺǶһԱȽϺãҪҲҪͻơȻٺ٣
ƵҪ˻ʣɵۿƺҲҪ˻ʡ
ۿҪˡûԱǾеҡȴЦˣһҲսǳʱ

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һڰǧӣߵͷⰴͷ㲻籱ƣڴΪຮĵشҲѵˡɵĳλӵĹһ屶֮䡣
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ķֵ֣ʱ˻ʱѾȻ٣


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Ȼ󣬺¡¡ըسǶΪ֮ѡ
ڴ˵֮޲е𺳺һصľηУվڿջŵżϣͷߣëȻ֮Ǵɵ죬Σ
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Ʋ죬ѹˣνϢһ̹ĳ˯

ڶ̤ǰɾǵĵ·
ⳤ;ٶһЩƣҪϵƣ·ϵĹ⾰³ˣϴҵЩѪѾˡ
üԹ㶼֪Ϊ˼飬Ҿͻ˶ʮҩۣǼ
߼æˣŵΣ
۲һӽɫѪѪǴģ˭
ҹУ´ͣҹ
ʮҩ۲ż߳ڸѪһ㣬ˡ
µͷʾϿɣǰһѪͿӵĽɫؽɫѪķԽԽˡ
·һᣬҪһѪϲԣǣ˵ѪϣȻ¶ǰ˸֡
ѵֻԸѪԳǰ˸֣ҡͷ⡣ûô棬Ҳûô߿Ƽɣ
¿⣬ߺȻϹĻҴġҴģҴģϸľ׽˼ԼеһЩصأȻĸˮ档
Ҵһ仰Ƶĺ壬̫㷺ˡʵ˵ס
̸˵ɻжùһα˰֮仰Ҳ㷺񰸱ɰܣ̸ô֪ôܵĶ
ƵΪҪ񰸣ѰζĺȻһЦʮ˾ǰ񰸣ԼҲһ˿ƵӰӡȻѽһС
˷֮УȤҲܾʡ̵ĥȻҰгһޱȺΰ׳ĳǽޱ߼ʣ
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289 µһǿ
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ɣǶ޺ͱǿĹңһû˻ỳɡ
ʹԶжʹһɲ˰Ҳһ
Ŀǰס֮طֱǣޣޣԼޡ
ǡãȻģԼһЩϻС߶һԵʶ
ޣ˼壬ںеһޣȽСҲвٵ졣ȻǺȽϬ½ǾԲʱ
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ĿϾӵһĿ⣬͵ؿһУǴɣ
Ǵɣҹ΢ЦԺ
еԺ֪һ쳣⺷ĹңͬʱҲһµĹҡ
ڸƶԼĿǰ˰ƶȣǴӺ޴ģɹѧϰΪ˵˲ٹԱҲֵУ˰ƶȸӲһҡ
κһǶ߶ϴһڷ⽨ʱмΪȽĹңһֵ𾴵Ĺҡ
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Ȼ꿶һۣԾߵͣ񣺡¹꿲μ򸧴ˣǲʹƷûгɹ棬иеͣǴƷƷΣȻˣƷ߲Ǿҳ顣
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ڴɵǲʹפأһͦͥԺǺʹɻûʵʻڰ衣
ǲʹһֵΪڻ޷޷ǲפأ൱鱨ʹݣһͱȽϰȫҲ̫֡
ͺڱƾǵʱǼζԸǲʹãƢνŰ裬ȴҲû˼˵˼ڱƾǵѡ
ڰŵʱȻһɫʾϽȥҵ죬˼䣬С˼
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̫˲ˡοõ˶Ϊǰ챾ܳɫȻ߶ٺɫ
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⼸һϹӣҩˣϤҲͽˡƾ߸ҸӪŸɣ벻ҲɡҲн飬Ȼ֪˼ҲԷԿ
Ӫ֪ͬ˵ᣬһС죿
ʱߺһлһǰԲ㡣
˲һᣬƮȻȥչһЦûӹܵģûУֻ´˴ء
ȻûӴңҲûֱߡЦЦһ˿Ȼ衣ɵۣƺģҲçײ
ߺȻʣʦ˵𣿡
ȻС۵ǽֵܣ
ߵһС֮ν׹ڣȴп۵ʵΪһھµļǧܣ


290 ȴǧ
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ҲҪӰࡣߴ׼ŭ𣬸ӰҲɣǸĺĳϰ壡ƾʲôҪҼӰࡣ
ûκΣ޷ϰƺԼ
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سǣϴ裬ȻʹĹĳϣһϰ壬ֻнˮϰ࣬ǸǶôõ°
һѻľڵԴʹ֣ΪʲôܾԩͷΪʲôܸоƵĲŸأȻȥƵ۸нˮ͸
֮Ϊһϰ壬Ǯɻ쾭ġߵ뷨ԴϰҰ
еͲɵ۸Ͻټȥϰࡣɵ۵ίʵܺãնߣƻҪһЩʱŻټ
ӾܸƣҪˣǶɵ˵Žһյϲ硣
ͷھ档
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˼˵ͳϽ޷û죬ҪġλǿˣҲ߸ĺܲ˭ɵĺã˭лλá

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¼䣬ߵöˣǰθɵòҲûҪıʲôҲǲͷʾ֧֣صضⲦһʾѡ
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һ޶ǸϰˣҲ٣ƶҲһЩұҲеģһͨҲ
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ν˸иı磬ҸȴһҸٹΪԭһͿɶǿǿԭȻǲȽĹƶȡ
ϤɵĹƶȣǱʾѹίʵΪɺͱƵĹƶȻһ£ְֹĽзһġ
Ϊʱ򣬲Ǳѧ˽Ӫƶ̶ͨѧϰɡԣǱߡ
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Ȼе֮˿ں͹ŵɣٻһ㲻ҪС

ϢʱȻϢԣȲ鱨ϣǱġ
еף߲߳ɹ⣬һ߳µʦ治ؼң
㲻ڲռҵһȥĪǲ׷ˡĵİһۣ߶ʱбĴ
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Ƴӣֻ򱻻ų⣬ڱʱԴէһʵڲ١Ҳѹᡣ
ѡʵδء
Ȼ۵ȴҲףװǰĹؼֻһ㣬ӵиǿʵԼǿ
ģδҪģΧһ
һᣬܿΪ·ͽܣûа취ҽҵĻԼթһа취ɫҪ߸˵ûУƱǺõ
ߺȻЦСĺˣϡǹңȴףһĨɭȻˡ
˭ŮʦĻԼǣҰҡΪһͷΪһᰴԷâһ˭ܰ´ߡ
ɵڵʲôϬʲôĿġ
ۣ׹һһƿ⣬СүȻа취Ӧ˭ҪΪ޼ƿʩ־ܣǾʹشˡ
ǧܣϹҲӦò֪ںδˣҲʱˣ
ĳЩڵȣҲڵȣ
û֪ڵȴ˵еļǧܣһ̤ƽɵ־ۡ


291 ðߵ
ȣһƥƲͷ
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̸ߣϹ˲¶һ˿Ц⣬ŵѪɫġ
Ϲ˵ɫǧȻ֪ŮӹȫȫΪߣߵ츳ͱ죬ޱһϯ֮ءȻһתۣϹɫ΢䡣
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ĴڼæǧܶϢٰ˵飬Ľ̾˴֡
ʱڴɾȻߵ꣬ͬšΨһķֱǣһƺǱƵĹٶһȴǣһ·ս
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·һҶȺڼףκĵһնȻûɱˣȴҲǷ·شУҶȺƺѪ
ҶȺĨȥѪ֮ɫһӿûתǻȥһתȴһɫĳˡ
ؿţתߡȴҶȺߵĳ˲δլӣòƷŭһӱ͵Ϯ꣺ҵϣ
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ŭδ䣬ҶȺһɱڵԾһҪɵꡣ
ðΪǽܳʵսҲͣκ˺ȻΪ֣һɱУҲֻܱ˲ֵ
߹ɫҶɱ⣬ŭɫһ֣ᶯָ
ܱܿϵΨһĶӣԲ۸Ӳɱ
ߵգſ⣬ϵ㵱ӣֺγǵˡĵܵܣ˭붯ϵӣ˭붯ĵܵܣǾ͡

߹ȰسսУһ΢̧𵴣ˮɲǼ伸β赭дİһ̴ֺ
һգɽȭ¡һ°һֵǿкɢһɲǣһ˵׼ʱһɳ졣
ͻȻıʣ˴ֲҶȺãȻʱȴЦеǰˮ΢΢ĵںϣ
΢Ц˵ᣬʹգҶΪΡ
ҶȺɨߣ֪ɱҶҵʲô³𣡡
ҹƨһİգգۣǾû̸ˣ
ˮһ£ûҶȺĺӺմѪ͸
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ߵ˵ָ֮ʣˮȻأѪһεε»䡣


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ɱҶȺɱҶҵˣ
ΧȺȻһɧȻըһֿ˵ߣ׷ײٶһѷļæ뿪˵ء
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Ѫ䣬δδĵϡ
ս֮УһֱˣȥӣɱġǵãǱߣ
ֵӻޱȣʱһһߣһۣãȻ޴롣
߶꣬¶ĵЦݣǸҵģ
Ǹϸȡ֡ߺȻͷĪһᣬǸҲܿϵӵǸ⣡
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ƵߣõߣǸһ٣ͳĻϵġߣ
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һ٣ǸϢȻ𶯣Ũҵսӿ֣סֽǣߣð㣬Ϊؼң
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Ǹŭε赭дĻӶˮˮ¶мܸÿһ£̾Ϣ֪ԹʱĲǷйĺʱ
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ͣһѪɭȻɱ֣Ҷɱһ֣ߺ


ߵĺصһͬȴǰޱȣһʱ侹Ȼ綼·ֹͣˣ֪ɵǲߣʱȴðͷ
ʧˣߵʯ֮ףŭЦããûģһɵۣһӪȻļơ
УҶʩѹҾͷһĨͣûôףһҶҾͷҲδ̫Сˡ
УӾһ㣬ñڸʮڱƵʱΪһһ壬οʱգ
ɵӾ浽ף
»ָԣһȻĿէȻǸһȣ˵ʲôұ죡
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ߺȻһԱȷɣϣôô


293 һŮޣɵ
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Ĺ٣ȴеѹѧǱһôɣǾǱ⡣ܶҶôɣöƵ˼룬ҲܿĶѧ
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ɣ߲˼ϱߣе֮ȴǹǿʢñһơޱߣǱƺͶԣϱԡ
Ϊж᣿
գۣⶼؿǣǴɡɲ˥ܵĴʹսƹǿʢҲޱȵǿû⣬ɨֻһʱ⡣
ۺʵ˵Ǿ޵һǿһǱשţȻû˻ỳɡ
ҹߣȻпһͳ޵ģЧȻǵһѡ񡣡
۾˼תת豭ĻˡԳһЦǰɵ۰ǲ´˶ԷĿġ
ѡĻᡣҹ֪߿óͲضˣͶЧɣ߲⽫µ̬ȡҲףгģ򲻻Ứչô¡
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ָûӣüת⣺Ӫ鵽ҵĵˣ֪ҵˡ
ҹлعЦĵϸܲףҥ˵Ƶ۵˽ӡʵƵ۵ҲѹСС;Ʒʵְ
ΪЧݣûжٳͻµ˼ǣΪҲǲɡԱڶޣڱޣɡ
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ߣȻʱȴ֮սߡδؾʱģȴǳɳ
Ȼˡһͳ֮սʱӼ弴õս˲Ŵǹߣı䣬ӰǱȻġ
Ժ椵츳ڶ𡣵Ҫ޳ڣǾû׼Ҫʮʮꡣǣĵһųɳ˵ĵɲȡ
ҹǿףΪ㣡
ߵڷˮֱӸҵˮٶˡ


294 
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ٴλϣ߲±ߵĽ֣Ҵҵڻƣ˵Ļؼҡ
ϸĵĹ۲죬ҹֻߵİڵƻҫ΢ЦⰮЦʲô˿ó
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߻һ£ϵˣǾһ׮¡Ҫһߣ˾һҪ

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벻һʮ꣬Ȼʮһ˼
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μɵۣҹ渵һӴá
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¡Ӱڲ񣬹ڴɣҲЩδ
ҹɫ䣬ǺɱĹȻһޱȳİû֪Ⱥδ

ߵĳЩִ⣬ɺ·
͢ɵɲ泯ǰ¡ǣҵȾСˡ
ǿ͢ǿĬ͵Ȼ͢ߵͱˡһֺ΢ƽ⡣
ƵĵطսһȴﵽһһıȴֻһȶıԵʣܷϰ˴ļ
⣬ҲԲҶһᱻһСƨͷʺҲɡĪ˵߲ɵֵģǣҶҲԲʹա
֪ɵҲ֪ɹϵİ˴ңǧ̣ԽƾԽںƤɵҲײοһСƨ
ɱҪҶȺһɱҶ䱻ŹǾϻͷ
ҶҶڳ͢ĴŹʱԵ˳ܣʾˡһߣһʱϢҶң
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ϴĹ㡣
߷ǲʹפصʱ·ǸпǧʱĸоƵ۵չˣǶôĸǿӲòϣǱƺãлʵ֣JJӲ֡
Ʈܲ߱ʹĪĳᣬԼߴ·̤νŮ¼޴ɣУ
˾ˣ﷢źõʲôٰ͹ԱǸ˾˲ľУ
볯߽͢Ϊߣ·ߣû׼ʲôʱͰˣǿûʲôԼƾȭͷ
ڳ͢ǾͲһˣǰһС죬񻯸̵֣ľǳ͢ơϷͳ͢ϷǿǴһ
ôһ룬ܿͱˡ٣֣ܺڽJJһö
һͱˡڸȻǶȴҲĥѣȥһҪһϸǸ
ȥ֮󣬻ûüʣԼҿһ֮͡
ȻԵЩǱĺˣһȻߵ߸һô㣡ûһʱ򣡡
ޱ飺һӣЩʱߡ
ۣͷһۣ˼ɵ⸽˸ּӣ⴩·Ǳ룬ԤϵĻҪǿ
һƵЦ⣺ҪҰ㵱ҵıڡ
ۣһĿ⼫Ϊ֪˭֪˭ƾ㣬һٸ
СӣΪίƾʲôСһҪأǣֻʼ磺νˡ
һ飡ӦҲãӦҲãûʧ˵ǲǣСۣ
̯֣Ŀ䣬ĵ˵


295 ϵ¸С
˵ǲǣСۣ
ĵ˵ɫ䣬׿һϵķװϴ㻹һ֪ˡ
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Сۿһ£ʱ۴ɻ󣺡ҵϲѣʲôˡ
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Сŭһ֣ܿĬȻҡͷˣұ˵㡣
ߵɫӦˣ˦ȥſںȻתȥЦ⣬̾ϢӡеСƢſ񣬲š
˵ʵڵģǲķ񡣡˵꣬ﳤȥģһΪ㰲ŵģν˾ȵףȻҵͶʾȫˡ
СȻ̧ͷȲѣСǰǹ⼤ŭңթң
ȴûԶ֮󣬲һ亹СۣҲ̫ˡ˼ұϵ¸ãϵ¸Сۣ
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Ǹŭ䣬һ°εնκ߶Ӱն֮޲ա
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ǸڴϢŭĿӣָһ˿侲ҲĶ֣ҲҪ򡣡
˵ͨˡüǰȻһȭžһ˳ƶµ͵һڵϣұ죬Ҫһ¡
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˴߳ߵͷʾֹڻû˵ʲôȻ߿
갡ΪҾΣʵأ
ǰһҹϵζĻ򵥣ϵͱҲδؾǱ濴ô򵥡
˰幫Ķ͵תˣôϵ᲻ǲߣ룬ҪرƣŻ֪Ĵ𰸡
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˴ɺˣ񾿾ʲô棬˺棬ʲôǲ˾Ϊƾ֮ɶԻ
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õ˴ҴҸΧߵɫúȻڶˣѵģ
ȻģߵһЦ
õ˴ľ˵һֱںթƭҹкڵˡ


296 ˮе˯
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׿ڳϣõ޲ľ˾ƭ˲
ҪĲǷģܷñǼٵġ
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ٵġиëءҲ͸𰸣ǿǴӦڱһ꣬ɵڶλһֱûֹ
úͲ˴ȶʱ亹쬣ˡԵʱǾƣҪǱǼٵģǶһˡ
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Ϊɰ߰ԿЦǲòʱ˳·һˣҲһһ룬ܲΨһĻ·
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ɵۺͶ۵ĳƺҪΪΪһԱֵڻʵۣȴۣǾֻܷڳƺ
ǡɵۻŭɫģġǣ޲ܻѲΪԿ
̫㵣Կף
ûԿף
ɾ֮ĳطϬޱȿ϶صͷԿ
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ӳ죺ǳΪ˻ʵĹؼϬɫ䣬ƺԤϡ
ǰ˸߸ʵۣδĳһֽвĶܰǳΪһ˻ʡӶϬ˵Ų㣬ֻϢǱҲ֪ޡ
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˼ǽѲҩˮǶõ֡
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297 ˣ˴̼ū
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СҲһ׮¡ܰĸС۱Ƶ䣬·ߣӣ˳ɸйء
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˭Ϸ֮룬˭


298 Ҳ򵥵
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߷һ£Ȼɫһ￩һ£չջһЦ˵Ȩ걳ġ

ҹֻʾЩͲ֪ˣ˼һ᣺ǱҪתģǱµĳ⡣ңҵҲϡǵá
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¶һ˿⣺Ӫʮ鶷֣һһԼλԪǰ
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һԵĻʱŭСӣң
Уĵһ±ʷɡ
ޱ飬սУǶŪˣҸҲҵ⣬òõ⣡


299 ղ˵ղؼ
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ңߺٺһЦҪȥˮһ⡣ٸؼһ
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ܶҲΪ߽թı󶯡ʵȻ˵ɾ͸ɣҲ硣˼вķ񣬲˼һ˼еġ
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үҷһ㻹˳ֳǰֵıһʱΪûŮ˵ͷ´Ƭ㷢
ߵתүϲŮˣȴڲ򣬺οԼҼġ
ɫ԰׵ŷһۣҡͷȻһȭţֱ룡

լǰԺܴ
Ȼȡң쵹Ҫжɣжļӡ
µ˶Ѱ·˵ɣҪŲŸɣǲǷʲôԷˣߴ侮ʯ
ںߴҡڳֱ룬ѶĻ׷ƿնǰߣŭ⣺ֹ֪˴ң
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ǻ࿴һۣһͷŭ־ܣĪҪǲˡ
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ˮƺŭȴҲ֪ˣȻûˡ
һǷһĺХٻ֣һǴ֣ΪߣսȴίʵɫȻԶʤЩ֡
˵ֲֲˮң
һɫʿۣȻ͵ָһ˦ˮתһȦһķ


301 ȭͷ
κ˶ˮң
һɫӰڿնӥã˻
ǣ֣ϰһҡڲӰӰ˻ʱһƹЦ
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ˮΪһ飬Ȼ쫷ϮһĶ˲ӶͷŷһѪߣžһ˺ѳƬ

һתۣɱ֣
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һȭ䱬ɾն顱ʱ֧顣ߵȻڿգһ㣬תԽݶһȺɽǰүĽҪ֡
һɴڿԾݶϢĵŵͱѪܻ𣬺ܳϿҵľ֣л˵
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һѱԾȻ̧֮һնֲûзһ˿Ϣ类ڶߣһּΪǿҵΥ͸С
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ʹļף˵ǼõĲҪᡣ˵ֲֲֲģˮңʧˡ
ҽܣҽߡ
ֽůĻ˵֪Ϊ˸е⺮䣬ƺϮ


302 ֮
ҽܡҽߡߵߵĲߡ
Це˵˾ǲֻҲǲˡû취м˷Ҫȭͷſ˵
߳ҽеǷ˭ȭͷ˭鲻ãûں˼⡣
һ˵޲ȻŭĿӡ
Ĭһ°ʧһƱŭĿǣѹָӵߣˣǰݻҵ峤Ҹһյʱ䣡
ˮžžڵϣžž¾ˡһεĽ⣬˶ֻ½ûĺҲߵǱ̨ˡ
һһĳʾ⣬ǰŭ棺ҰĪΪ࣬ܺˣ
һԲŲڽµ𣬴˸ǷҲϲ̬ȣҪȻһ˯û׼ͱ˭ˡǵö̬ȡ
ȭͷҪ󱬣ŭ𣺡ΪΪҪôˡ
Ҫ˵·ͣû᲻ţͷܾҪ˵ȥû׼һƴֻõҵ˰ҼӴء
ôҲǱʹҹȻɣҾǿƣƶ𣬶Ҳ𡣡
÷ζըˣʾһȥһ顣
°ͣ˵ŭƽ͵ĳЩ¡һЩϪԼ񰸵£
ɫ䣬Ǳͱ˼Ƶģӣʲôˣ
ߡЦе˵ҲϪĶӣҲţ·͹ʡ
һӰƮȻȻһʵӣĿӣϪӱ
£κ𣬰С
ƿˣʡͷ˭˵㲻Ҫ𣿡߻Ȼһ㣬ƮȻȥ
һ·ֱ⣬̲סƣȥ㲻˷Ӱɣ
˵ϲ˵᲻ͷϢһϣ֪ΪСӵĳ嶯Ƶڳʮﴦˮ֮ϡ
ͷ峤ǣ
ͷ̲סͷǰɱҵˡ
ͷһۣϪĶӣº˵ǣǱ˵ϷܷϷһæ
˵˵ʼ磬һ˵ѵҾͼӦ
յ£ʱ˻֪ȻϪĶӣʱĿ˵ڣ۲䣺Ϸ뿴ĳЩ˵ķӦ
߲죬ʱЦͷˣʲôƨЧӦǴ˵еĺϷ޷Ҳ
¶һ˿ȣϷҪж峤֮λ
Ұ㣬֪ġɽЦӦ鲻ǻ£Ϊ̽ģ񰸵ġ

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Ŀ֮£Ӵҡֱӽȥö˶οߵĻ档
ʼ磬Ȼ˵˲ٴΣȻҪ˵һΡȻ˾ͷȻʱ㣬ûһ򵥵ġ
ΪʲôҾһأΪʲôһƤأڤ˼룬˼⣬ֻܹΪƷ⡣
ڴ۵ĿУ̹Ȼһ鷿ǲɫ꣺ʲô֤ݣ
üָƽҵĹӡûߡ
˵֤ϪĶӡǿЦã꿴ͦȻҲôͿʱ
ΪʲôҪ֤ѵ˼ҶӺܹʣãȻʣǾͲᵮˡXXġ
ǿģҲһԺһ仰Ƶ͸Ǻεǿ߼ҪΪģΪʲô
߻Ȼ׻ˣİУˣ񰸵ġϪ·ƴһΣͳ幫еˣǾ˼ҼͰɡ
ǰһἰ񰸣Ƕʱ۾Ƽһˡ
鷿ţãɫȥϪϷֶӣϷֳ꣬Ϫɫӵ֮һϷڣΪΪҵδ
ϣ츳ĺܸߡǽ𵤾ǿһۣ츳ٲ㡣
ߺȻʮ޳ɹԪ𣬵ȷǼ츳˵񻯾žԽԽӸ;磬֮ǰ̫
ʮ޳𣬱һ֮ˡǶʮ޳Ǿͺһ֮šţߵľҲ˵ͻƾͻƵġ
һ㹻츳ԡԼ
ǼΪ£˳һ룬һȥϢ
ðɣͷҪ˵Ҳ䡣̵һ£һȡһпյĲݵܺ裬죺ʲô£
ǳʣǱˣߣ
Ƶ۵Ҷô˵ԳˣŲţŲں
¶Ħһᣬˮ̣Ϫǲˮ²Ȼһ
ഫвܡԴʵȴǡ֪ʵÿһһܡ
Ͼ¼ǣͻ֮İء¾¼ǲرص㣬˵رᣬǵռ²Ƹá
߾Ȳѣоأ
ǾͲö֪ˡҡͷƲΪоصʥܣ
üΪΰܸң
ǸֵЦΪʲôܣ˭˲֪ܣȻˡ

ߺ鷿еǻҪ˵
ߵˣȴѾЩȺˣ鷿ǰ˵߿ϪĶӡһͲǾȣĳЩ˵ջ
ҵ˾ٴ󣬹ҲʮǰһȱΪδϪ
һ߿ҪϪûأ峤λãֵĳЩҲţպյϪ붼̫š
һֻϺ꣬ɵһ仰һ̬ĳЩ峤֮λڸ궯㣬Ѿ̼ĳЩˡ
ˮһӴǧңʵвٷ֧һ峤֮λǴԼʵҲ̫Զˡʸ峤֮λģȻ̫ࡣ
Ϫûƾһĵ̣ϱֵûù
궯ȻǵС
ס䣺ȻǱø߹٣˵ԾȻᡣ
ԾȻᣬһ֣ͨ˭ǲԾȻ֯ȻǺܶǰΪԾȶ֯˵Ȼڻ
߶еͬѪǣͱ²ʵֱϳȥˣǶôί϶ȡǮίʮ
һ򵥵ġԾȡͳѪͿ
ˮ²ᣬԾȻϡϪǲ鵽ȥ׷顣


303 ֵüĶ
Ϫǲ鵽׷ȥޣ
䣬һһ̾콫ҹϷԶٷɡ
ɶͷɶĶϸ߷ȻѣһµͥԺһᣬ˴Ҵȥסѷ˶
ϸĹ۲켸˵ĽŲȻƺ羳öһ峤ˣҲίʵܼҵĵ̡
֪ֲ۷κεطضһˡ
Ǽӡǲʱ͸ҵļӡ
߻⣬Ȳ½ƣ롣Ϸһˣϲ嵭һЩɫ򵥣պһ¡Ⱦƣ
ƾͺáһӼסеüϸܲȻ嵭һڣȴǸһϸܵĿڸУΪˬζʱݣã
һ֣·ǵ⴦ЦϷʱ̰ڸ֮˸Ǳ䱾һӡ
ӣȻһ飬һ㱡Ĳ֪߲˻ƤʲôİסϸķڿУһҧʱͬɽ磬صζһɳڵںɢ
֮߱ˣϸƷζһҡͷޣãӱƤʲô˶٣˵ʲôȴκβ˽ʳ
ϵʳ͵ƣȴΪֲﲻһҲзֱûġ
ǵӶˣӱƤϳҶҩҲζӣǶֻ⣬룬ζ顣
Ƕյ裬֮
˹ʹˣνʳᾫڲϸûöˣҲίʵ̫ݳˡ
ңҰߺȻһЩʲôˣӣ㲻ƷԶ֪ߵİ׻˶
¾ĳЩʶԼǿԲϲңĪҪ͹ҡ
ҲߴԽԵСҲ󱥿ڸһٷ
꣬û˵ȥ˰ס¡

ǸŵסһΪŵԺӡ
߲Ϣ˹ķȻĽζ콣ϸϵ
ۣͷεȡǹҲԼһᡣ˵ǣ߻Ĳרһֱˡ
ǹꪣδͨȴÿһȽϤԡΪִˣ߾Ϥı϶ǰש
ǸĵԴ⣬ϵĵǺõģһֱˡ
һһ˽һЩ̸ˮȻ̰ģȴҲȻĶ
µƷٺ٣Լָˮ֮һû˵һֽʺߣһǵˮ
²νıأߵȤⱲӻûȱǮȱǮڲҪŮɼƻǿҪĽǮء
ѲɵۣڡһӻˮЦɵۿ϶ӦǲֵãûǮҪ̣ҪǮʱء
ԾȻᡱȻԾȻᡱǺܶܶǰģΨһĿģȸȱͨڽԾȻᡱĹ͢ɺҶһһĳֹ
һݲµȺ壬ֻΪѪŽɫѪˣͳͳҪϵʮͷµµӤ
ԾȻ᣿߻ȡ֪ΪΣȻˣһǱʮǰɱգһȴҹС
յƵ۵ĸҹɵ۵ҳ߹
°ͣѰζķһ΢Ц
Ƶ۵ܺã߳ϣ鱨ĺôܴܶࡣһ׬Ǯ޷Ҳǿⷽ棬˭֪Ϣļֵ
ߵȱǰϵǲϪ
ʱ֪ȴ֪ˮʮǵ͵һЩ˴ڳ͢дԱٶƷƷ
Ƶ飬ҲֻǴӶƷƷƺܸߣʵڴȴһɵ飬ƷһƷɶ첻ϡ
ڳ͢ĴԱֻдƷѾ˵ܶˡ
ߺȻЦ֪ΪΣޱͬɵҡ
ǧûУǣҲǡһ˻ĵ£Ҳҵĵ̳ŲĲ٣ҲȻвǧ֮
ǧʹһĹҶѾˣ˴ҲˡΨһģֻдɡΨһսȴԽԽǿģҲֻдɡ
͢ԽǿƣҾԽơһֱǿƣһûͷ졣
ϴ꣬ڴϣ˵Ҳ֣Ϊʲôһֱǿ󣿡
Ҳû̫˼˯ˡ

Ȼİң൱˯źˬ
һһЩ͡ʱ򣬷½һЩļһ·Ժߣеԣˣǲн֣ãȻҡͷ
ǲн֣Ϊʲôв˴·һʣ֪ԺӵķλǡϪһɺһһᡣ
ǰߵϪĶӣڵźšֱǰ߼ڻտ
һ£̱ƿڴڿ˵ӡҴӦʱһ㣬û˵ҪĶô롣
һûˣΣû⣬ǾԲ¶ˡû⣬Ի˵鷳
û⿴İʧҲĪҪ˵ϪһҲԲӲ
Ǽж峤֮λĹ⾰ֵ߳ʱ̫ˡ
棬ϳûкˣûģûе¡Ȼôʱ򣬹һƱܺڹ¿ˮ
˵ΪʲôôùЩžžı̬أͭ˼⡣
Ƶǣɵǣ̸ǣǡǣһͷһ廨ͷһؼۣҲС
ɻ˵һĶ֣벻ʵˡ
ܳͷصģûһǱóһ档ֻһЩóģһЩóͷԡ֮ҪôͷҪôûͷͱˡ
ɡ
̾Ϣһ͵Ԥеˡ
˿Ц߽Ժӣ͵˶ָ˵ˣҾߣǿΪϪĶӣҪڡ
ķϻĪҪ˵ˡߵֱӿǡ
δ䣬ϣӰ֯ɲǿ콣˫쬵˵ĺĨһߣ
߻ȡ߰ɣǲҵĶ֡
⼸ֻúһĨһѶʱļ֣ŭĿ£㣬㡭
žžžһ֣һŶȳȥ˸߲ң˼ǵվλʵ̫ˣҸ˱ʾǹģ鲻Խ
һȼˣͰѵһ
ȼ˷Ӧ̧һһƽɳʽ
ĩˣ૵ֵüĶڣ


304 õʱʱ
žžž
֮صͥԺС
񷢽͵ͷһӾͲϵѪߣ˵Ƿŭǿ־壬Ǳıһ߳Ժӡ
治ǽһģҲһܶԺӣߵʱһͷȥһѪۡ
ߵʱ򣬺ȻǰЦأô˷ҳ飬ǲ̫ףǧѷء
ҵĶ񹦾ͿҪˣʱҾ޵ˣ۹
ȻӵĻȴһ㱻Ѫ˵Ƿŭǿ־壬ϵ˰ˣϵĶȴǳ衣
һͱССôô޷⣬ܾڰ׵ߵˡ
ҾͲܴù֣ŭһ̵ȥ˱һ֡˺һᣬׯߵˮҵ̤ˮˣæ󺰣˸磡
һʮͷˣòãҲҳɫӵ֮һͷ֣һ£
꽣̤õܵԴЦ㲻úҸʲô
߷߲ѵĶ͵ӣĩ˵˸磬һҪҽѵһǸСӣ̫ˡ
üҹҸ㣬Ҫȥ鷳Ϫ幫պգȻҲ򵥣˵峤Ǵ˵£ʲôרǡ
ⲻҪһһÿĴˡ
Ǻֺ׵Ƥⷢϣ˸磬ҳͺá
ҡͷҶʮˣһʮ߰˽֣Ǿ۸ˡ룬ǵͷҲãҲȥΪôţ
һ·ߣ·ײ⼸ˣкȻһҲǺƣȺŮдӵһŮӡ˱ȭһЦӣҲȥ
һҲá΢Цһ˿˷ܣҫ˿ɲ࣬ߵһЩ졣
ڵԺӸȥ·ȴǿ½һЩͷɥͷŰӵɥŭߵ˵˶ʱеľѡ
ǸԺߣһۿһһűһѾסžž⣬һߵøغ«Ƶġ
˺Ķʱһ룬ҲһӾͱһ롣ⱻļһȻʶΪǲ١
Ҫ˺Ȼ࿴һۣ
İЦ֪꣬Ϊξû˶ġ


еˣԹѣҵû뵽ˬ£ҲܳΪһָ
һ¾ͺá߶Լ˵˼֣Ҫͽ͹
˺ôܵƴ̼̳
ƮȻһˮɳ֣
ҵļṹԼͻ࣬ǶһЩ֧ɢȥ
±ߵķ֧壬ض˵Һͻƣһˣûһĸ֣ͻᱻֻһ塣ǳ˸֣ػס
ңΧ֧ϵһڣǾܽһһװ취ҲЧձ߱ǿ
ˮĿǰķһڣרϵͷ֧ĵ巿Ҳǿ׳
ĳĳţһȥͺһŶ಻ʤҪô࣬һͳλȥˡʵһÿһţҲô
Ī˵˺粢ɫģǣ߲࣬Ҳ˳ҲĶ֡
ԼΪǲΪ츳֪ҵ˶Ըֻ˵ҪôҩˣҪôðשɵˡ
˺ʹһ㣬ΪҲһڲþе£ò¶Ϊһٽȷɳȥ
˼ˣ߿ϵ̫룬ӦǶʮˡΪ¶ˣԼɵײ
һҪģԼǴˡߺȻһЦСģȻܳڿӸѵһҪ
ǣ߲ɫЦˣĿǰΪֹܰڲҵҲֻһƵۣһ̸硣ҵҪСشˣĺܿҲҪһ٣ҿǽ컹᲻᲻¶档
ʧˣڴǰһˡ
Եͷ⼸һԺӣ̱ȭǺ΢Цǡ
˵һĺʱ˺һžͱߴƨɡ
⼸ŭ棬޲ߣȴŻǿվߣǴ󷿵ģġ
ۣȻЦˣʲôСҺƺǺ졣
⼸˿Ҫըˣûŵˣǿŭ㸸ױҲǴ󷿵ģҲǴ󷿵ˣǸһ֡
߶ʱˣǵẠ̊́ʱ̴úþһɹ˦˦ˮҪôҴҪô͹
ҲĻشʲôСݣүҲںҲû
㣡˲֪ô⼸󷿵˱ŭѣ󷿵˱̫ͳһ˾ߺϪȴ˾÷Լ档
󷿵ԾϳһѣѾǺܸӡ
˵߱ٴ󣬡ڡ֮ҲҪ棬һ򣬰˵ˣǻƨ

󷿼˱һ٣ֿһ٣Թɧˡ
°ͣ˼ôȻðһҪæĴ󷿣ⲻǳԶ˳ŵ
ңң߱Թʲô󷿶СֱӾ͸ƺͿˡ
ȻΪǺĶΪ˰κΣߵĿǴǲ棬үҾʹһ㣬ǻ̵ܲס
ϸ˼߾סͷе᣿ΪҪңҼʱ˵ֻǣΪҪȴĿġ
ΪʲôҸоƺĳ˵ĵ
üȻƽͷˮžžشˮϣһˮ
ʱˮϣҲˮ䡣
һ˼ŲںϱϣϣȻˡ
Ƕŵͣ˿߰˶ˡ
΢΢ͷ¶һ˿죺ˣ󷿵ûг
ɫŹֵ͵ˣǡҲˡ
׵ķǵ΢΢һиһƸӵĿ⣬˵𡣡
˻һҡͷ˹ߣܶΪҪģʵҪѡһõطԼ㹻õ
֮أӣΪ
ǿŲԵĺ棬гһ˿䣺ǽߣҲܿҪˡˣȻҲϹӡ
ҲںܶǻᡣȻȴ˿Ҫǻ
¶Ϻһ΢Ц˻ʱõʱҲʱ壬Ǽ־ƿصġ
ϺȻͣһһ߳ժ촵˼°ӻغˮС
ߴǵģҲ
͵Ĺֱģ


305 ͷ
ˮһģҲĺᴩ˰ɣǽ֮ͨһ
ɧ͵ĻӺˮʫʣҲǲ١
ܱΪˮҡȻгֵĵ̣ҲгֵĵʡһײȲƵ꣬ҵĵҲͲԵõˡ
ȥ̽ߵˣһһ½͵ͷ߿ߣ߷ŭ߰Թܹһʱ߷·ڸͷ
ŭҸ˵һɺ޲ɱ˵
һȥߵˣʵ֮СһҲ֪Ϫ곤һ᲻֪ϪĶӣֵҲ̫á
ҪϪĺպ֮һνڡҲø˽š
һ˱ʵͦҲ̫⡣̽һЩҪûܾ̽߾һƢĶɵӼͷࡣ
֪ΪΣҹɾĪǶɵӣǱ߱͸ˣʲô
ҲǸûӣ߲߶ʮһҲʺôֱӿֱçײͷ·߶ȥġ
õһЩ𰸣ҲմմϲΪõߡŵİѱ˵֣ԭҲض˵
ܺ˼·ϪΪһõģҲõġԱȲ̫ȴһ·˵峤֮λ
ǣڶɱڵĸȥսơ
Զҳ飬ֲ飬Ǿͷ߸ظ֤ǹģǱĸɻ
һ֮ͨż¶ͷȥһθ˴˾ջˣȻ߷ߣȻŭ漴ĺԱȵһƱ˵ʵ̡ܷ
ΪУȴȻԼǸо㶮ġ
ÿһСᶼͷҲǺнûҲóǹģҲģҪǣߵսǿ˺ܶࡣ
˵ȲһõˣȴҲǽǿˡ
ڱŭֻ֮࣬޹֮࣬ȻӣǼҲδСӵĶ֣
˼ӣ᲻Ϊ֮£Ȼǲܺúѹһֻ峤֮λǾǶˡͺñ׶԰СƨӮȻӡ

µ򣬱һЩȡˮҵĽ죬Ȼøȡ
ȸܿ췢֣߲ܣһһʱըëˣȻСĪҲģԶǿһ¡
ҵĳɫˣǼǸָʹģûг֡ɫˣȫͷ
ǳĴ
̣һ飬ֱܿʹȻĴӵһ£˺ҵ档Ȼ˲۵Ĺ˴˵С˼
ΪҡΪ˵֮ͬ
ںźһʱԸˣֱҧгݣе߿ɺ޿ɶΪҵˣȴҵ
գ׮ȴû꣬ҪΪû棡
Ҳ֪˭ģܹ飬˹ʱ򣬸˿ķ̡ˣҲ̫ˡ
ǡɣ飬־ˮֵ
Ҹ·̣վֱۣдһˡϧͷβ˵ԻһԸȴȻ֪ߵ뷨ǰҵֻݡ
֪Цɶôŵ͡
ҪͶƺʹɶҿסΣ߷Ͷ˭𣿵ĸͼǵصսˡ
Ҳˡһĥһ֧°ֱ˯˯ֶˡ
߲ҵ뷨ҲںԷô롣´ͷβǶԷһԸҲǽһ£ͷһ¡
һγͷ˲ٶôɵģģһ㲻ġ
ʱһ뷨ǽǲ¶ˣǾʹܲˣǾȻ¶档
˯Ĺ⾰ڣ߾ˡһתۣӰƿնԼϢؿߣ߳𣺡ߣ˺ò
һȣִϣüģҵģ
ŭߴ˹Ƿ죬վǾ͹һ㣬Ҫʹ򣬲͵˯ٴ򡣻˵ຮ֮أȻҲôȡ
һ£ߺܱı˴СۣϢһһ㱩𣺡ϻ˵սپҪϢ
⼸ŭЦþû˿ˣ
δ䣬һԾȻߵͷһǻɷ֡ɲǼ䣬콣˫Ȼת˲̳ٽ
κΪʵƲĻһ֣֮үƣ
ת֮䣬һƺ߱һɡ
ʣ¼ľɫǺ죡
࣡Ȼ࣡

࣡
ĳɫȻͬˣһս˷ֱһһ꣬ɫһ̾࣬СС;Ȼ࣡
ҲȣҡͷһЦˣߡȿΪ졣
ţ𵤾ΪͣΪ֮šߵͷ֮Уݽ棬нû
ףֵϪĶӣҲǱƻʵ۵ǱõƷ߹٣ƻʵãӪ
߶ʱݣΣǵǰ;ޣϧǡ˽ӣһٵϪ޶ԴŮΣҵ˶ʡá
ҲüϪǰ֮ǰǳ޶ģԷͷ򵥣ݲ˽ӡ
˵ܻ˻ỳˡĿãҲšһʮܻǲǳ˭ţ
һһ˫зӵͳܺáսǿ
Ǻһͷͷͬ⣬ʱĿãҲ㿴ˣû࣬Ҳܻܶ֡ҪƲֻ¿Ҳδ̫ѡ
սһᣬһ֮һз¶ʲô⾰ˣΪһ峤֮λᡣ
ҡͷ̾Ϣʮ˾ǰǺܶ˶ʧ۽ˡ
߷һ˿ǣʱЩ϶ڣû¿ʲôҰĲеͷ
зüҵΪҲδһ˳ƶĻᡣ
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ʱ˥ԽߣˤԽֻۡڲ߲ͣˤҲʣ°
ǵĻѰζзҲܱҡģֻЦģҲ
һ߼Ȼһ֮𣬺ȻǼõĽΪȻһЩƾһ޷
ˣش𣿡
ҲûһսϸʱҲü¶һ˿죺Ҳ˼
Ȼ䣬ߵϱһת˲֮䣬һоֲĽ
˶ʱüһһ˼ȻȻѣ߶һۣʽ©֮ɳ


306 Ϫ԰
ǵ͵ķ߹͡
࣬ԿסĹȻʱ䣬ߵǰƶȴƵƲֻơ֮𣬲©֮ɳƣǰ߲ߣֻƵ΢˵Ψ©֮ɳǿƵش
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ʮ꣬ΪࡣȻһɳҧ³һ˸еĻܻ𡣡
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ƺ֪ĵϸܲûйȥɡ峤ҵģ˵ţ˸յƺ򵥡
𵽵ײ˼죬Ȼûµ࣬ȴҲԼµǵĳЩˣպǿЦ
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ĪҪ˵ڣǧɵҲԲǮǳ𣬶ûҪǮҲھϡ
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ǺȻһ˵ĸоԵ粨ͲһƵʡͲ졣ͺΪƯȴΪµһˡ
ߣҪġ赭дı˻Ͱˡ
ɵߵңȴֻ˼ҶһˡԽԽãôˮ㡣ܶʱ򣬾Ҫлᡣ
һˣ߼һӷƶһ߲ˣʲô
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߲Ųæط¿ӣĿ峺ؿǣƺҪҳʲôԵĵط
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ԭˮңı


308 ҪƷ
ԭˮı
䣡ϣȻһת۾һƬƹưꡣ
ǿȻɫ䣺췴ûȤ
ʼ磺Цα̫档ӶЦ
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Ĵ꣬ߺϡǵסȴû꣬ǿֻЦϷʱˣ
ǰķҡ죬ȴǿʼˡ΢΢ӣΪҺȻ֣ȫһƷӡ
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ǵЦݺȻһЩӲϪĶӣϷֶĪϷãҲǱоģ
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һΪǹ̼ңƽ峤ۣ֮һ㺮ŭ渡֣һͱƭȥˡ
ǲϣߣϪͷ״̼ĳЩˣȷ峤߲֮ںҵ峤ǹȴ֪峤Ҫԡ
ǲݵջѣڿӣ˰㡣츳ˣǺ£ҲȻһЩá
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309 ֪̫ˡ
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ˣᣬĵ״ת˲ˣ
ˡ˲һҴСϤΨ߼ҪļҽŮ̾ϢΪʦеϧҲڸп˲³

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֪̫ˡԶһɱɡɵۻ᲻ɱڣ
˲䱻亹͸߱ǿҵĲûˣֺġ

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һתۣ˫ַ·סĳһһڽһ顣
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߱ΪԹһᣬϿȵ˴һӰͲɷûֺ˶ƵҪΣɥ
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⵹ùŵϿȣһ壬ȴžžײɽ±ʯ顣ôڵɽʱ򣬲סӣǱ
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312 һһ
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ϵҲóɱˣ⼤ŭԷˡǲɱûҪ¶ֶǶͷ߿ϷˣǸһӡ

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ϬҡͷȻû˸ɾɱߡңΨһĻᣬϢųȥģûз
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ˣһһ챧Թɵۿ˲һߴµסһɭȻ⡣
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߱ŭ·һӣĵ׻ܵŭͲ˳Ϥ
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313 Ӫ
Ͽȵı棬ɽ
˵أֲïܣȻϷֻºȴҲࡣڱûôܼȴȻǴҵĻ̡
һ˵ˡ
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ǰһ㱡ĹΣ·ʵȴǡ࣡
ʱɫ䣬תȥһŭڵߣӽҪ˿ˣʲô˶߾ߵģ
С¥һҹ꣡û½εʫҲ½ε༼ܡ½Σǰʱ临ĵڶĹս顣
ԾȻһǹƵĹԣΧ߸ҿ
Ŀ¶׹⣬Ҫ׼ˣ˶ΪûƢˣǺúˡ
ЦΪжǿȴȻƴ跨ƵʱȻһֵ
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ȴѤһޱȵɫ⣬类һöһ㣬ɫ⻪Ϊһһߡ
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һ·һ·һ·ǡǡ뵽ġȻȴ˵··̫˾ˡ
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ԽԽ֣ԽԽգЩеˣҲԽԽ񣡶ȫ㸲Ľ
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˵䣬һԾߵ켸Х
һۿȥ˷ɫ⣬Ӫ⣬·Ȼߣۿȥ˵һ˴ս
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ʮ񻯸֮УһЦӭɽ˵ȴ˶òעĶ


315 Ѫɫ
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һ·ɵˡһҹеĶҪˣԮˣˣעҪɿˡ

һǱůĵ죬߿еЦЦޱȵĿġ
ǻԣ·һͷս۳ҵٶȺƢһڵƣϢĽ߾ײɡ
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͵ָһ裬һ貾׵ĻšסСƮȻȥ
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۾һ뽣֮еľ衣ȻľǶԵģһкеĹϵ
Цţ˫´ֱһ˫֣ոһɱһ˵ĳɾ͡
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ԭѼĻ᳤ߡ
Ѫһʺ죬ɽӳҫһ㵭ѪɫҲڶ񻯸ӳѪɫӰ


316 սڣǿ
ڣ˭Ҫֹ˵
΢ЦҲһ΢ЦһǺģҲһģᳫԱҪ΢Ц񣬿û˻ɵΪǾǺ˵
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߻һʢŭڰбһӰȣ˵ȥȻ˵һɱҲ١
߳ϧҡͷһ֪ļҷ蹷ųˡɫѪߴԽԴ츳ܣʵѾǿˡ
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˶ŭɫŭߡ˵ô߹ƾҪԽˡ

߲ըĲڣȻһƢĴȺĵ׵ŭ⣬ֱӾȼˡ
ôڣڱƣǶܸƵֱӶԻĳǿˡǷڴɣɵҲҪͿ
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ʩչս֮󣬿ư۷ȭڶȭİˡһ߿Ѫ鶼Ҫ³
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ӵĵȭ·һУһʱȴе˲©֮ɳӵһƶأʧ룺־
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紵ɳѪʤ߷·оһжˣһı©֮ɳţ׽Ƕ˵İ
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ɢɫҰ׵̱ڵϣѪڲ˫ֺ͵ˮϣȴȻһЦ
һڣ΢׵Ŀһ£ȻﱬٵֲϸС嶴
һԵСɽͷ׵İУһһͻΪʯ¡¡ĵ밫ŤĺŽӳ
ӰЦűƽߣȻѪȲֻһѪ붼©֮ɳŵ
ϧٸһᣬΪȻϼǱս飬һ᲻ͬ¶һ˿ϧԲ©֮ɳһ¥ϧˣ
Ϊ嶷»ָ˳ƣ
ʱӵЦȻֹ㵵ؿ˫ֺ塣һɫĽȻӹӶʱʧֻʣѪһɽ
ҿʬ̿ˮëȻؿżʱֵɣŮ˹Ȼǲأ
ޣ˿ѪĵüŻ£οЦֻ˵ѣΪʲôʱʲôλ棬˵ôء
ɵͷл˼ҲᣬҲΣǿվĿ꣺λ˵ʲôطˣ
һ壬ɵ۹Ϊ֮
ߴڴϢǱúմӷսġȴ΢ЦЦȻ
ʮ񻯸ֵ񣬾ͺͣҲһħӤ


317 Ǵ󷨣ֻ
ϿһĿ꣬ٲȻǱйģһɫïһͺͺ
ˮ֮ϿдҲǲסߵȻڶֶС
Ȼ˵˴ҵһ򾡵壬ǱҲ˵
ȰĿת͵ͬﰫһ·˿סΪס
ĳһǿҵҲ־֮ˡ
Բ٣ۿ㡣ʱ·ڱʮжʮ𡣴˵˸ҲδؾͶ¡
֪֪£Ҳض롣
ѳԣΪʲôҩǿأ˼öϵȵ˵ҩ΢ϢɫȻǲ壬ҲͲѸλˡ
ߺȻһЦҲҸѸλĳЩ¡֮ϢųҵһȥˮңǱɵա
Ҷයյġߵ˵ûҾɵۣ
·˻ȻѣȻ߲һ˾һ뵽·ܹ뵽ġ
ǹգǾɵڽĿӣ·һʱ׼յķս
ȻУһɳƵɵһģΪҪ˵
۵׺âҺгĴɵһʹڲĽףϧϵ´ˣ
һ˾Ϊһ֡г⣬ȴ޳⣬ҡ˵ǲǣ
ҹгĬɫҲᣬĳΪνΪɽף˲ѪκΣг⣬ɵĻʵֻǲݼɵơ
һ٣ЦոλĳͲλûȴɵһһֻ˳ְҵĵƳ
볭ҵĵף֪˭ڲߣԼϸûôס۵ײɭȻɵĻʵ۹Ȼ¼򲻳
үҳ⽻ףֻڿҰң浱ǰ׳ջʲôɱڣΣӺͺ̸ףǲɡ
Це˵¼ǻǾͲһңǣҹеȶʱɫࡣ
ɫһɺӣ˵ַϲʵһʲôô²ɣͶһЩСۡĲҪҪŰҳ顣
󵨣£ӪֲȻŭɫѿҹֹ

ҹĬȻΣ̧ͷֱӣߣ֮±ضᣬδؾǱµ˼
֮ԱǣŽӪȨȴ½ǻʵۣĪǽӪָʹ豦ԣǽһСɱڣǶҲˡ
һ桱Ҫһѣ
·˴㵣ȻЦҹɬƿԡ
һߵϢҩˣһĵһֻһǮĸϵûСɲҪеס
һЦһֻ֣һӣ˭ǮʣҾͰѲ˭Ժñըѡ
ߣ̸ߵ̴ˡ
۲һѰζ͢ɣҡǳ۸ҾԸ񡣡
·˼ɧҲ˵
ȻѹߵߣҲ˵˵һ壬˻ĪǴҪҵһ򾡣
ߺЦЦʣҲ䣿
Ϊһ壬ֻΪһ򾡣ͬѧ̫СɵˣɲǾϸıƣҪģֱӸɵǣŸôࡣ
ǳĬ⻰Ƕˣʵ޵˼ǣ֪ǵ̬ȶࡣ
֮ǰߵ񣬾ͺñѿͿһɫζȫļȣĿͳ档
֮ǰʮ񻯸֣һ飬ֻΪһ˵һ˵־ȺĴڣһ׼ͱˡ
۶èèȥˣڵĽλͷһţǰڣǾȡĪҪ˵ˣǴɻʵ۶ҪԴء
ǲڣȻ֮ǰսУٴˡһ𵤾꣬벻ƴɱһУȻܣȴشӣڱɸɵ
һ˵ֲǸȺںĹԱȻǰһսٰߵСһ
ƾһһˣһشڡȺӺܸߵĸǣͳߵʵиǶԻʸʵ
񻯸֣ȴ񻯸֡ԽΪͬΪͬһʵ߾㲻ǵΨһһҲָֻļ֮һ
ҵ˼߹ЦǵĿ⣬ʱҪõأǺܼ򵥣ȭͷ
Ŀ䣬Ц˵֮ǰǲȻشһ⡣
ʲôж٣
һ·ˣͬӪڣʱͳĬȴҲҲ𰸡
Լһ˿紵һ·վɽ±ϵһ˳ǡ֪˵ķݣÿһݣҲֻһݣ˾Ȳѡ
ȻͬߵʵѹͲᡣʮ񻯸ֵĿɶϿǲкͶԻʵ
·ڽ֮ڱһսҲϡӽû˻ٰߵС䡣
ߣһ꣬һСۣһҲʮ꣬Ҳ꣡
һ˻ʵı־֮һͳһһ޴ءÿһݲȤˡ
˭ͳģĪһĴٳһ˻ʱǣ˭бһʵڶʱڣӵ۵Ϊأ
ʲôˣ
һվʯϵ˵ͳҲ֪һϢ˵ʮǰ˴ǿĻʵۣ˵˲£ֻǿĻʵ۲ŵõ˵ͳصǿ
߲ɫĵ첨ˣԼÿһܡ
ƴӶʮǰӴԾӵ̭ɸѡģһ±̭ϱر񣬿ֻаʮȴڱҪʱ齨ٻӴϱ
߲©˿ɫЦ˵һɵĻ⣺˵ҲѧûѼȫʤ
Ȼ֪ѧĺ̫ܶ࣬ˡԣٻΪĳĳؼ֣û˻û¡߸з񣬲Ǳ˵ľһԼĺá
ͺñȶӰһ鹢ֱˣѧᣬѧˣʩչҲޱȵıŤƤѧӰ
ЦЦҵļŲλȴǡ˵һѧǴ󷨣ܽ˵ΪȡΪã
һ޲Ȼ޲¶֮ɫ˿ƲסʣµдѧУǾ̫ˡ
߲ÿɷ񣬵һЦ˵Ųţˡ
ҹкӪ޲ĿɿڴĿ֪֮࣬Żǲţ֮֡һʱǻ໩ȻѣȻ˻ĵжԡ
ɫ䣬Ȼλһǽֺһᣬ˼ˣ˼ڣһһ־ɱһ𣡡
߰ڳһҺᣬΪܵͣҲ񻯸ִǲĥĥ䣬һٻغϲžʤܡ


318 ʮһˣǧﲻ
ɮ˵գֵƤˡ
ڣ˵ͬĳ仰ͽܣƭˡ
ʲôࣿɵΪҪ·ǰߣ˵Ǵ󷨡Ųţˡ
ŲţһҺܳʹ顣
Ӫڣ޲еĵ׵ˡȡΪΪԼãǿֲġͺñȼȡ˵ĲƸԼģҲҰΪأ
ߵĻͺذըĳÿһĵ𺳣ܵҵĳ
·˽𾪡һԹۣһԣǺЦɨ·°ĿͶɽ֮ߵĲ
죬۵ЦΪŨҡʼչעǣסؿڵƣ͵ʲô
ܶࡣӦĿһ·֮μضУȻʣµ·ʲôˣ
Ǻγûֻƾ˭޷͸ɴ͸Ȼ𲻺ò飬ȴòˣκθ·ڶû©ű죬ǾԷֱˡ
֪˭ߺȻ˵Ը⽻ײʱ򣬾Լˡһ٣Цƺأ
ɫƤ΢Ϊµ˼ƺ뿴һжˡһǲʵжΪɱɨУ
šض߳Ŀһµģ³εĹؼУҺɣǳĬĿ˸
Ǵ󷨣ſںߡɵ۵ĿģǳƶжΪɵС
о޵һǿʵӲӲ±ڰаˡսԣ˵׵ġ
·ˣһʼƱɵˣ·ҡͷ··ǰ·
ҡڵĲ°ɽۣ·ȻԹһСأ߲ᱻɺͰĳЩϵɱΡ
ɱͽɽ׵ĵڶλڣˣڰвˡһֱûΪλڽղóóȻĳֳ֣
ĪҪ˵Ϊ˾ߣս£Ҫȭܺķһµ͵Ϯ˵ߣȴɱ
˵ҡڣҡǴ֮ףȤˡôǷɽ
ߺЦȴȻѡ
֮Уջ١֮һŪҵ̬ˡҲԣͷǣҲô롣
ƻĳЩȴǻᡣ·˵УǷҵ
һɨӲɣߴʱ֪ǷҡڣǷɽ
ǿ϶УԽԽӴ󣬰Ѹ˺Сжٰ˻ʻʲôأ
пһ£ѧأɽķӶ˳Ȼ̬ԭһӪӰѧԻ֣
ͷЦ벻˻ʱû٣ѾƵԼ´ҵļˡ
˻ʱٵǰûܶ

ȵȥ٣ԼһЩбµ
ͷɫϸĥһ¸ʱϵϺνӡǡãǧܵٶȣԼҲƲһ
죬߸΢Цʱˡ
·˸۰εʱ߱˵һ̾Ϣǣû뿪˵ءٲߣԼ߲ˡ
û´ҵĴԻû˻룬ɵ۴Լٹһ͸ˡ
һڶ˶ʱĿһ𣬽ԾȻѡȰеͳԼã
ɫ԰׵գգۣλΪܿЦʲôطʲôʱ򣬾ȻۡǿǴɣڵٶȴɾֻһʱ
һ̾ϢҿλǻˡʵʲôҪôԺ˵ҪôϷصʱ˵
˲ţʼȻû취ԭҵġϾ˺ɵƵԵ粨һƵʣ˺޷ͨġ
˵ʲôڣʱŭƢ𱩵ˡ
񻯸أǶְɡȻһǫ飬ҾֻҪһΡζظһ飬Ѳ˶ըˡ
Ҫˣ۵ٶȣǹٷУֻʱܸ
˻ɤţһ˿ɸ֣ߣȻܴȴǴˡգգۣƷζȻһȤôʡ
ˣҹҲڵһʱжϣ̾ϢթһΪδһأȻҪˣǾȻҪ۸ǰȾʰ߰
·˻Ŀ⣬Ʒζˡ
΢Цһţǿ̱һ䣺ʲô·ٿҲ˧ͰɴһȰ
ˡֱǸä˱ȳӱܡ޳ܵ־磬ŸҺյ˵ߺǿǵʱǿ꣬Ҳָļ֮һɣˣһˣʱɢˣƽʱ
һת·˼ȿֺĺȻ̤ߡ
ҹɫ䣬ȣסǣ߲仰һ£߲ѵξ뾯ɵģ
ǵģ߲㵱ɱڣ൱زϵش˴ɵǻҪԮߡ
ҳԶˣڱġ
һ׳ղ٣ټһȺ˶׳գߺȻûɵ̾ϢŲæĸ߾֣ȣλ뿴
һ֧͸СƿҡճҺ壬бڷ⣬·ŷǷħÿһ˵Ķ̾һͣʢ
ʮ񻯸ֳȵĿУðһˮĻЦȻɣ
СƿڷߣӪ֮У
ö񶾵һлˮҹ˲ɫңʱ˿̣ƽ޵ˣ߾Ը߾Ӱףǲѡ
俴΢Цͣ˵ϲнรɡҹмˣ

ըһСƿһ־˵ļ顣
СƿĶǼ٣û˲롣ɣ˭ҶģֻһֿģҲҪ㲻˻
·˺Ȼһ£һӪ
ЦˣһҪְֵĿĳЩ˰Լ˼죬ֻӪһʽ˲òͳˡ
ʮ־ۼһķΧＤսǼֱ޷ĴҡȻûע߲ˣעˣҲȥˡ
߼ֱ̤һȻԵõȻȥģһؼëһطңһشꡣ
»ƻɵ۵ĳЩ㡣νʮһˣǧﲻУԼǴ˵ѡ
ģһǴ󷨣ôɽͷöˡǷСǴ󷨡ҪҪ߲ѧƫƫɵۻ޷粵
ɵ۾죬ҲͲ塣뵽⴦߲Цɵ۵װأǰװװƣ˳ƸԷһס
£߲ǣʹһǣɼȶĿģ͹ˡûҪٽϽȥ
ȻϿȥɫȻһ½סЦϣȻ˷ˣ
л߳ˮߡȻȻܽթһСֶΣôﶼˣԼȴˡ
Ŀת֪ûע⣬ڶ˵Ȼˣ˰ҵ¸߹㡣
Һµˣ
ˮϣߺǺǵЦţеš


319 
ˮбůůĹ⣬úˮԡ⡣
Ŷ˵˵û֪µʲô顣
һԲĶʯζİ棺˸˵ңػ൱Ϥҵˡ
ǰ˵˿ܺ˵ƣܺýӴǣġָָĿڵֻȰˡ
Ϊ˵мֵ
仰ʵһ˵ģһ̱ƲûƫѾǿſֹ۵ˡָȫſǻָгˣˮˣЬϵˣԳŲᱩˡ
Ŀⲻ䡣
ЦԣϤҵˣҪôߵѣȰˡҪôҵĵˣǱڵ˲Żоҡ
˵˽ĵˡֿ̯һЦ仰ĵ
¶һĨȣظ仰ȻɳƵ仰д
ΪȻڱޣϤҵˣ޷ǾǼƨƨó
һ̸磬Ӵ࣬ɼܲסΨһߣΨһûܶˣʵںܿ¡ҪѡһԸΪеĶ󣬵ĿǰΪֹѡض̸Ƶۡ
ҹǱ޺߽Ӵ࣬ƵˣǰһҲ˽ߵģϬ磡
ԣϬһġǡǡˡۣһ㺮ŷȻδؾϬ磬ҹҲû׼̽ǡǲԾȻ᣿
ƺҲ˵Ϭ硱ƺоȻһ˿Ц⣺µòȻû³ҵʲôϵܶԾȻ⡣
߲ʧȻһЦڰ֣ĪҪһһȻǡǡˣǴˣٳסɡ
ŶԼãеĿй¶һ˿ȡ
û˵Ϊұ˧ִ̼˵ûζΪǡɱңûĳЩǰɾ·ϣȴûֹ
ֹЦŰ֣ĪҪңûֹֻһǣҴɾٵڣʱ
ҪôǡǡµһɾҪôڴɡ򣬽϶
ڵ߸ʱࡣκ˶Ϊ߻ҪɵһͷײɾĪҪ˵ˣһ춼ð뻢ڡ
һ룬թթܲ񡣾֪ʱɾǶôɼˡ
гãʱǶΪ뿪û뵽Ļɾ
߰ѶʯɾƺԲĸо㣬սЩ˶붼֪˲鱨Բżʱ
ȻȫȻΪñ޷ϢŶõʱأɸǣĸ·̩֪Ϣˣֵζˡ

⼸·ˣа˴ҵˡ΢Ц˴ҾڴɣӵõϢٵ֣㹻ʱ䷴Ӧûɵˡ
еͷ濴ȥɵˣֻһ
߿ЦֻвɾͲԣ㲻ɵˣȻӲҵˡ
ǡҿ˲鱨ǺͰһεģˣҲָ
߹ҷβϿصƮˮ֮һ飬γ
һ𣬻˵թԲ٣ȻܴܽթĲµ˭ˣ
ۣںӱϴ֣ϴϵѪȻ˿ûôϢǲ²ݵġԣɰġ
˵Բԣ
һڳϢһ˫ĿⶨߵıӰұңɱ㣿
ͷҲأе̵ѪЦѣı죬ȻҪɱңǱԣƺ·һء
вϣҲϣֻܴ֪ģҲͻġ㲻
£µҪϴɾҸоˬתԳϴԼû˱ҸˡУ˵һ׮£Ҳʲôˡ
˾ľҲʲôˣҵ̺ͨһֻǲˡŵ㣬ǴӲäĿ
ñڡۣζȻһµҪˣֲäĿˣǲԼΣմġ
кȻЦѣЦ𵴣˵ЩĪǸŮ㣿ߣΪָܻ
üĨƽüģƽ͵ҲǣҲǡһ֪Щʱ˴ɡ
Ҫһ£᲻ȥҡڵ·ʧٵģȥҡڣΪսأս
ڣ£᲻
еĿʱһɭ֮ɫޱߣ絶棺Ϊס𣡡
ֻ֪ԾȻǿɽȴǷӡȻԵõ棬еס·ȥ
һһ

ߺ֮ľ룬ڲŲæڶ֮Ŀ·ˡ
еĿĪʢŭһۣϿ徻ģżһЩս˻ˮˡ
ϿУֻߡ
ȻɣǣֵһᡣڳģΨһ뷨ۣΪֵģֻһ
꣬ڲڴ˵أ
˴ɣҲȥҡڣ·ʧˡ˶֪ȥսģǰڲڣ
ͻȻһױȵϢԶɿĳ֣ǵصϯﱼӿһʺƿգ־˵ٶȺ͹⻪
ɵۣˡ
üһŵóѵ΢ЦŲ˿ͣ٣ȻǰһһȻζ˵ıһ
ֵֻҪһǾԵġ˵ѧöôڣףɱֻһ
зۼٵ˫΢΢´һǿϢϢȻ޾ʯ๾Ĺȥ
£ˮȻһӱ߷һһĺˣû˻ỳɣֻҪһ߲ҲҪȥ
޶ãЦһӣǿػȭǿҵࡣǺ棬ܷһȭ򴩣
һȭ򲻴ʲôеڷڳ
һܿµĶ֣ҲɱҲɱɱһɱɱһҲɱֵԼûʡɱˣֻһ
ڣһȭ򲻴ߵ࣬ɱߡǾͳȥģͻ
Ĭ
֮ĿȻԼ罣һ
һһ߹ΡȻУһɲǼ
ĺˮȻĴӰĶʯҪ
ߺȻһһٵʵʱ㲻õİ꣬ߡ
С
еĿ֮ɫһ£
Ķʯ£ӰˮȻһ»عԭλ
һɲǣϿعƽ


320 ᣬഩ
ˮϣ߿ɵв
ʱͻԣ⿴ǡ˺еһβ磬ƺһ㶼
ֻУŻ֪ожôա΢һ˿أ߷ַӾǱɱ
΢һ˿ɣ߱˵һԷ϶ػԷߣҲʱ
ڵǧᱻ˵öҡӴˣ֪ǶôðգԴǶô
ͷҲصֱ߹ȥнԶ
ʣĬȻãã
ƮƮĲĳҶïܵĵطпȥޱ飬ط°ס֡ȴ˳Ծ
ɱıᣬȻһЩԴǣ˵ҡҷڶҡɱġ
һ꣬һթİЦꡣ
ͷƤͷԣզ࿰񻯸ֵĿֲս룬˭궼ͷְɡ
ȻҪɱ꣬õİ취оѹԵʵҪ꿪ڵĻᡣ
ͷҲ¶֮ɫߵֱָ꣬ĵͷԺԴǣָͬĿֲΪᡣ
ֵʱ䣬һ򣬱Ȼµ֮һ
ʹ˿ǰһĻҲĶ嵽ˣҲϢˣӲһ̲סˣ
ҡڵߣ
˻ʱǣķΧ̫ˣܶ࿴ңӡʵףҲδȻ
һӣƮȻʧ
ƮȻȥһ˫ĿⲻźĻջأջصһɫɡ¡һֻסɫ֣ɳʱ򡣡
ҡڵˣߵ˺߲սʱԡ
бɡҫصĹɡµǹһ߾벻Ǹݰſں߻Ʋ٣Ȼһ¾˵׼ˡ
ľΪ˲
Ȼ֪ͰǺĳԻԥĴ̼Уָ֮ɵС㲻дա
ɡһģȴҲ޾ȵһ겻ǿˣ
һ࣬𵤾ΪȫĲ©֮ɳս飬߲ȥǸɷͬ˶ҪһǸսˡ
ɡµˣȻǰսҲ߶Ľһ˿ο
ɡµİǰĵطȥǱɡ΢ԥһ£һʧ·ɵķȥˡ
ɺܰȫ۲ǳԳҩˣȻɱˡ
һۿȥɡµĬĬӰΣսؿһۣҡͷߵķȥ


ĴһԲĶʯΪһĩصˮУˮߣ
ߣǰ㣬죬㡣
ͷҲأϴĵʯĩΪô˵ƺҲǶôҫ£ܲҸмɡ
ϬϿеɽϲŲæ߳ūһĶСÿοһ߶ɶǷˡ
ϬȻһ£ȴһȣͷ£µҪȻƹˣҲðգ㡣
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˵ϧʱ㣬ΪʲôδǰᵽΣգǰȶأɱ㶼ûᡣ
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ʵһһĻ֮ͬҲѹӼߵϬΪƽУ
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ҺϲšϬ粹һ䣺һƳһҲӦġ
ߵ۰죺һˣȻȻΪƵ۵˽ӣݵһ֣ȥˣҪǰġ
ߺϬһЦĿãΪǺѣȴ֪ʵһ޲̰ѶԷࡣ
˵䣬ɽɫףԼĳЩսǡԾȻˣ
ԾȻᡣֵ֣˼ϬۣǡȨˡ
ЦǶഩһװˡ⵹ӡ֤ĳЩ뷨Ȩ˳ɾףǰԾȻᣬǾܽˡ
߾׽һЦˣȤԾȻᵽᣬŵĸı䣬Ҳ˵̬ĿıǨءҲݷļ󡣡
ϬΪȻûȨûȨȨˣŸ˭Բģһı
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߿ɱСҲʮأһʮԸôȵôܵˡҲȡɶѣҪ棬ҾҪùˡ
ϬҪˣǲǵùЦĪЩҶŵģ˸򽫳ɣбΪɽۣ߶ڣȻûκεġ
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ϬòˣȻҪѪģ䲻ĺȻһ䣡
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ҡϬϣԼһЩϷɫأҲ룬벻˭ˡǷŪġ
ɫһ٣Ի󣺡Ϊ㲻üٵҩˮɱȻ벻ͨΪҪ޵İ취ҡ
߰һЦģȴǲһĴ𰸡Ӧʵǣ·Ϊλʶҩˮ֪ҩˮ˲Ĺؼ
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һƿҩˮʱҹк̸类ץĿõġ
һ仰˯ˣ֪һˣ˴ɵȼˣֻб޷üˡܰ˯˺ݽӵڣϵһģ͸١
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ߡһСġ˷ͷֱָĵĹ÷սɥΪһδսȽϷǣ粻֮սԼȴһСġûӰ
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ǲɫӪҾ۵ףһǰЦһȴĵ׷Сӵ̫ˣǲ𰡡
Ǻ࿴һۣȻҲһ˿صϲáΪ࣬к̨ͷԣֻҪûزۣҪǲܳɾһҵǲûû
ˣҲܲס·˵ƴɾƨûУӪסƲᡣ
⣬ҲֻɱڣشɱһЩѡ
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һ²ؼһ˵ȶҪˣ


323 ͨɱ´Ľβ
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һȺ˷·𣬿ޱȵɽϲסķӡ
ÿһٵĴҲÿһ״Ǳʼۣ۸ѹȴǼ󣬺οһսίʵˡ
ʣϤĬٶɽҰзɳ۸·
Ȼ䣬һһ̤ɽϣȴڻһ룬׹һȻȥ
٣˷׷޲Ϊˤסţɬˣǰƶˣ
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ǵ˼ҪִУǲźǲſѧ˵ң˻ôǿҵԽС߲µò·йȻа˴ҵˡ
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˷Ͽȷսνֻܶµͷûµβڣʱȴֻʣһڡ
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ִһ˵˫ӮȻϿ֮սĽȴȫ䡣
߾ͺһԹ۵ĶĿͣȻɱһׯͰ˵ĳһȫӮˡ
ͽУͨɱ

·ˣ˺ߣ˸лߡνӴʲôУΪԼǽĻȸû׼еģΪԼǻȸĽ˵ҲС
Ӫ˱Ӫ;ŭĿӡǼɵߵʵ͹һʱʱֵɣֻǽһͨƹˡ
ȻˣȻܺãȫӪķŭͳޡ
һӣҪߺͰĳЩϵᡣˣҲûߴЦ
ôܽһЩ߲֪ʵ˺þãɽûġߺͰϵҪ
λʵڽӲʱˡ֪ʱֱᱼҪǳ֣ʱһ׼ͷݣһ
˵Ĵ𰸣߶⸹̡Īʼˣˣ
˵лڣȥϹôģĪǡԴ⣬ôϹ̫Ӧˡ


324 Ĺ
ٵԵĲ
˵Ҷҳһء
Ŷ˵ɲ̫ϸҾͲ֪ıһࡣ
ЧӼæҶһļӵܣҶȺ֪ɡҶȺȥ棬壬أٺ٣һߵս
һ˱ӣжϡ
˵ľͻ㲻֪ġ˺ǺһЦʵأߵ꣬һðġսҶȺǸðģҶȺȻ˵Ҷүģ
ⲻǡһҲڳһ֡һЧžҶүûˣ˵ɱɱˣǵֶԡ˲á
һû˵һ˳ԾѣǽߵҪùˣҶңǻкùӳԣϧһžûˡ
ЦҾ˵㲻֪ɡǸߣҲһ꣬˵ͰһҶҵڲϱȻˣ
һ𾪲ѣһ꣬ɱĪڿЦ
Ϊء˵ⲻѣϧ˵ǸߵĲǴˣǶǸʲôƵĹҵˡϧˡ
һİȻҾ˵ѹҶȻȥǣû׼ҪǸ߱𣡡
˻࿴һ¶ϧ֮ɫȻϧˡ
ð˴֮һҶңҪɱһ꣬껹ǴˣǽҲͲؿˡ
˵ţ˵һ£˵һءɱ˺ЩٸͨҪ˵ж֣Ҳһš
ߵĹ¼˰٣һĵٸ˵ǹˣƯΪ˵žء
ǸʲôƹţǴɿ϶ҲУһͲߣҲһǴˡɱģЩɱͨҪ
˵ǹҪ˭Ӯ
һģͳݰģһҪ䣬䲻С
һ߸ո˵꣬еһﻺеһҵӣӣͬɱ̼ţƸٸͨգȡͷһá
⶷˫һ壬ȻƿǽתӶݣһתʱ󺧲ѣиֵһաһ´Ȼʵ֡
ǰ׹һ⶷ӺѪ˼⣬ôһĿĺȻ£
ڲĿɿڴɫУסʬתߣһӵǲҡ
һ߳ȥһһᡣ
Ȼʦȥɾ
ȥҲﲻؿһͽܣȻǹ㸸׺£ɲ׻⣬ûָˡ
ȻģĬһᣬɫӣһ˿ǣҲһЩӵＤʦȥ
ЩҼҵ°Ȼ̾ϢʦҲҲ֪ߡĪҪʦû˵˵ʲôȴ׻û˵ˣҪȥȥ
ΪʦΪʦְСӡȻĲϲߣ˸й⣬˳۾ǲ˳ۡ
ʦ˼һȥɫᶨ˵һʵʱҲ
߱ãɵʯλߺͱƷĿɳһϵδ޹ϵʵ
һֱûرƹҲ֪ߺͱһ罺˲ٯٯˡ

յķɾɵ۱侲ƺ͵Ͽһսûǲɵ۴Լ뷢Ҳйǡ
ߺܵĳ˵Ͽ֮սɵ۴廹ǵõһЩ
Բ̬ȣǿɵ۳Ϊ˻ʵ̬ȡ
ͨ͸˵ɵ۾˺Լˡ˭ϽΪ˻ʣ˭ϽܡƵƽǰҲˣɵҲҪһźö֣źƶսԡ
߱ʾɵ۶Լӣֻϵ˵δսԣĪҪ˵һߣʮߴԼҲֻбӵ
ƵۣغôǸȡһЩء
մմϲ룬û⣬Ͽ֮սĳЩ̼Ǵ󷨣ӡֻҪõ޸˳ɻɡ
ϣϣɱضɸơһ֣һͳ޵ٶȣܷŻܴ꣬ݻٴɵһͳս
һͳޣֶޣ׵ıضǱơߺƵйŹ֣ҲǰѱƵɼ磬۴δ᲻ֶޣڸܲǻ¡
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ôҴұһЩ򱨸Ͽ֮ս֪һЩ˾֮࣬ҲëȻֱǵûˣڵͷˡ
Ȼһɹ̫һߺ裬裬˶һЩУ˸߽ӪҪ鱨򱨡˳ǣϣһȱ첲ȾͲҪҡ
նʱ̣вӪֻλ԰˾Ÿɵóɡ
߿һᣬü޷鱨̫ѵҪҳｨǶ಻˼ء
ڽӪϣϵİһЩ޹ػܵ鱨
ƶս£ʤ٣Ǳƴ˷սϱ±ΪżսǱȽġ
ս൱˳һߵжϣۺϹԶ籱ƣҲ籱ǿ
ս񣬱ڱı֮࣬ĿǰΪֹ齨˶ʮսڳļѵ±ңƵ½˴Լʮرս
ǷԸ⣬սҪӳ͢ҪǲƵĵطսɸͼս
ҪָΪߵĹϵսΪԵصĳɹ塣
һܹģʮĴսۣƻɼԤĿ꣬ɹսء
ϲҴݱһԵĴҧҲμսϲֱ͸ˡޱƶսҲǰŵĲ̿ս
ս׷ɣޱǴһҶϲȴԡɧѣְ಻סͷ
Ϊ̫ԶĹϵ޺ͺ޵̬ҲʱûϢ߹ƣƸޱҲˡ
Ψһ߸еƵǣÿһֻ񣬱޵ĳˣ޵ȴʼղ
ҪŲסˡ˼£һҪ¡ȻСѾͷˡ
պһˮЦЦϻͼ˼һᣬصһʰѶޱɽկڣһȦסȻһȭ
ֻҪ֮оŸսʽʱ
ؾţǿţʢƾšгֵţֻҪܰеһܳΪһʷĽߡ
ãһƮȻ߳Σؽȥ޷Ӫճݣ
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Ȼǣ
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325 һȷźţ˺
Ҳߣ
ǸһͷŭʨӣŭҲߣҲĵܵܣҺǸ˶ûϵĪҪҺ׳ȥ
ˣУϴ׸òá˵ûϵǾûϵߣһҪߵġһת޿κεõߣǾͰߡ
㣡ǸӶţ˫𣺡ңҽر˳𣡡
Ǹ˵˰죬߶ϵʵˣ˵ǰžžóֵĶ⣺Сӣ
ǸǺ죬ֱߴչȥѹŭҲϲңҲϲϵҪңǾ͹ԶԶģ
Ϊڸʲô̤ģҡͷ漬֣ɵۣ߱ɵ۸ġûЩұĸһȥ
˵꣬ҲǸһʾ⡣߳䣬߳سһ૵ϵʮǰһ㣬ǷǷˡҪΪǸȱǰǷġ
ϵʲôܣʲôܣ
Сۻ߳ܵܵĵ˼һ٣˵ܵܵĵУжĵۼ
쵶߷ʣһǰţãʱȴΪΪĹϵò̫ϡ
Сһ£м쵶䲻ϡҼʱ䲻ϡ
ǣˡ룬ʼС۷۵ˣҲû
С۲Ծ߰벽߰Ʋ죬ȻǸУȻ꣬˵ʶꡣΣ
û֨ÿÿܸоĽǶôҪһŰ꼼ڵ
СĬȻ֪˭߲첻ѣΪʲô֪ء
ҺҹҲȻؿ죬΢΢һЩ׽Ƶ۵ֻ˵㣬û˵䡣
ǽǣҲ̫̫ˣһ꣬ͲһЦȻһͦʵڵˡ
СɫðŵߣǺ¡ɸƣԼ£δܱס㣡
˵ţƺԼ˵̫ˣæȾߡ
߻ȻѹСۻڶκȻʱС֪ˣص˦Բ֮ɡ
ƺ˵ɬǰڱеǰ
ԿЦѡ֪ΪΣȻǸպղޱȵСеɰǣӿɰɡ
룬߹׷ȥ壬ĪҪϴ˲ǣ˵ϪĶӡ
Сһۣ߿ҵǣ
Ȼʼ磬ǽͲҪˣ˵ˡ

˴챱޷ӪǰݡǸ֪ǷͨˣҲû֣һȥˡ
ӪûΪѲ˴ˣвߣǺ塣ΨһевֵģҲǸ
ƾߵľģҪץǸ³˵ˡӪȻ᷸ҲƽðաڣڣǾ͹ˡ
ǴɣɾǰС۶ûŵĵطһĶûУҲûʸΪˡ
޷ӪǨƣйעߵ˶졣
һȷźţϬɫ£ҪˣӦ˵ҪĹ³ˡ
Ƿ޷ҪδԼ뿪ɣ
һҲ룺ȥݣӶߣԼʮ뿪ɡ
Ϭͷû´ʮ߻ҿ𰸡һȷźšһ٣ɻĳΪʲôڣΪʲôݣ
ǰ˱ض֮ԱǼЦˡϬУϿ֮սǰͷһȨᶼ޷ӵĵز
ǰΪʲôڣΪʲôݣԿˣϬҲòϸߵͼ
ӼߵΪƽУΪͷϵΨһ֡κΣֻǳԶ˳ŵûŵʿȻû¡
Ϭ˼ڣȡͼΪʲôݣԤУһ壬һ̺ش壡йء˵С
ᣬϬٴҡͷ¿ȥǷڴߣڽӪߣ
ţûϣ˼һ᣺ϱʾĳЩˡһȷźţϬĵλӰС
Ϭ¶Цݣͷȥɲ⡣
޷ߣһȷźţһ㣬Ϭ˵׼ˣ߸·ͷŵźš
ɵۣûˡ⣬ҪҪҪ͹
·ǮĴүǣԲȤľɣв׼ۡ
Ŷ˵ǰѱ޷İͳͳˣԸүҵģҲ
Ƿⲻ񣬹עߵĸ·Ϊ񣬻Ϊ˽𣬻Ϊ൱׼ȷĲ׽źš
뽻ײݻٲ뿿õ£ߣɵߡ·̥ıʲô
һƼʻĴʱ⣬ҲһͳսĴǰࡣϿһսôɻ˵˺ԼˣһУԳΪȫսĵߡ
˭õ˭ʸΪһ˻ʡ
Ǵ󷨵ԣԷһٶšܲ˵ĳĹǷҥԶôĶ񶾲ԡ
Լʷһʱ䡣
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һ⣬͵ȻϾ޴̨ƾϿһսԼ˦εСݣһԾΪ޷ͷǸҫ۵ˡ
֪ǷΪϿһս߿ӺˡĳЩ˽¶񶾵͸̣ȴĵߵķʽĵһ˺š


нӪ鱨򱨣ߺܿͿյˡĽ˺šߴӴ˽λ
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ҹޱ飬߷߷߲ƽȴȻûͷûԵɵڿټˣ治װ
ֻСҹмޱ飬Կˣ֪СһթļһܸСκεıʾѱй¶ʲô
ҹ·߶˻ײԶ˻Եٵҹв߻һ˳ûʧʱܵȵĻᡣ
ˡҹȻ˹Ҳ̲סһʺй
գգۣ㲻ȥҹޱҡͷ
ͷ·̫࣬̫࣬Ϊʲôʵ۾ϲ̫أ̫ʱͣҰ
š̫϶ۣBOSS߰Եͷ
̫Ȼǰ£ߴˣ


326 ݻɵۣɵ
ɻʵۣ
Ծһ꣬ŭһƸǶ̩ɽѹĴһŨҵĶصϢ
ǴŨҵʵһ֮
ˣȻ֮ģҲŰ¶ˡ
Ƶлʱˣ嵭ƽʵÿ¡ɵȴһͼȥâľǡڷâ¶֮ʡ
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ɵ۱Ҳ̽ŭҹ˵ԲÿһȻˡ
ˣ˵ףԵûʲô˵ġ߲ˬⲻ³Կ˲³ԿӪָ֪ͬء
ɵ΢ЦȡһݾڶߣϱڽӪĵԼӪۡ㲻ȿһ
ǵеģһüǹϵеҪԳһЦڴڼأĺôǱΪҪˡ
ļ¼ϸڱƸɹ£СС¼ˣڴɵľ͸Ӳ˵
ҲԾӪʵҲȷǿ鵽Ӧã鲻ǻáʲôģ͸Ӳˣǵڶˣ͹Ϊ˶Ľ׶Ρ
߿˧ɵ۵ͷ豦Ϊ츳δҲڣзǷ跨ΪЧ
Ȼ豦͹ʣֱǽӪӪָʹ֮˶Ϊɵµһһͬɵ۵ĸسΪܸɡ
ȻִڣͷܣҲһתɷϣһܸɵͷӻ绢ϳͱþһ֤
豦˵ɵĳһ֡
һͳĳԵһǽӰд߸һǣ¡Ϊ֮࣬ǽ𵤾Ϊ
Ͽһս֤ʵһ𣬹ԪҲδɱ˵üȻһеһĪΣС
£ߴ˰Ǽ󣬴¼зг͵侲г嶯ðʧʱ򡣴˹ļƣΪȴʵߵˡ
Ҫָߴ˶Σһֶƶٱľƣȴÿÿܾң˼Ϊóƣ֮液ŵˡ
һȣˣˡ仳ʴҲԼǱоġֱڰоĸоֱëըֱˡ
ȥϡӰеǸˡɵЦ豦ϰߣȻ࣬ǰҲˡ
ǹһֻƲ죺豦ˣҼʱƶˣҪ˵ôĲ㡣

豦ƽȣɣ֤ڵʱ㲢֪ڣۺ֪ͬˡпһ£ô鵽ɵˣ
ʵƵ۵ĴӪͷرˡȴֹһôӪвˡ
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ұ˧߿ŭ쳣ŭұ˧֪֪
㲻֪ڡ豦ظ䡣
ұ˧߿ʼˣåˣµĲڱŭԽԽ졣
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߽ŲȻһ٣ŭɢɵЦĿУ˸أõ£ء
ٺ٣豦ءЦµת˻ء
豦ƺһû⵱Ц£ʵļпɽȻͶЧɣȻԴɻе⣬һ򣬽سɴĸ󻼡
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ɵ־ڱصðɱвɭȻһЦСۣѵõǲǻ롣ʱ۳ֲΪʱңĳжôڡ
һֻƾշĲ֣νһСҪܴɵѹեٷ֮ĺôҸӰԼˡ
ҪЮңҾǿʲôвЦУȻ£֪Ƿ˵Ǵ󷨣
ֱǽҴ̵ľٶĴɵ۶ʱȻɫ䣬ɭȻߣ˵ʲôһ֮Ϣ
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ɵɫϵƼȼˣ߲Ųæܻȥ˵Ϊ֢״͸˵ĸоǴ󷨼һţضܱϳ
ٵġ豦ƽȵĲ⣺ڱһбĵطʮŵһ뿪ǣӺδ֪Ī˵ûУУӪҲȻǽӪδŹ
߿Ӱһۣ֮Աǣ豦Ҳû㣬Ҳ֪һֻӡ֪ĪҪΪ˺һ֪
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ɵǿŭ絶棺ߣ˵
صˡ޷ĳһźţյˣҲǡɵһΪ˺ƽõŬһ̸˳ɾͻᶯŪߡ
߾Բɣ̸ɾַӶܱϮ֮ǰĵǵУԵкʮ
񣬳СۣɣһܿѶļǧܣܷ赲ɵĸѹֶΣ仹һϬòƺȴʱ걳ͱӡ
һЦˣӣҲܶ硣һ磬ǾͰȫˡ
ͦɵۣɵ۵ı羡
ҵϣȨҵϡ̸̸£̸Ǿһ̸
Ҫʲôʽ˲ݣԽսԽǿܣߵݡüȻԼҪ̽Ļ治١
ȴ˵̫أϾùһİĪΣУϵΣܲ㡣
̫֣ԽԽ֡һҪ˦ϵϹ˵˵ϹǳʲôɣıΪܳԱ
һҪ˦µһ壬ȥ
һ߼ֱӣһ߳ͷ֮ͨʡߺȻűɵۣпһ£Ȼŷһǰδеľ˵Ĵ󵨵ģͷ
ЦЦߴףʯ֮ʣһԼǸԼһĶųĴ㣡
պһ£ۺһ£ȻмֳɹĻᣡ
Ǿͣ׼ɵװɡ


327 ڶһƽ
ã͡
Ц˵һƽ𣡡
Ȼʵɫŭ٬Цˣһƽûеġһ٣ңÿʣĿʣµĴ֮ĪҲһ
ҪףһƽȵĽףûݵλߵ͵ģ׾ǽסĪҪ߰ʲôʵ۵ļӡ
ɵӢϸŭ⣬صĴȣ衣
ǡ̫һƮƮΪһò衣
ȻһۣĪҪңѹܴأڸ裬˻᲻̾ѪٵϷ˼һô˼ҵĵءû˵˭ĵ˭
̫ĬȻɵ۵ʱз췢ļ
̫˳ڡߵ΢΢һȻɵƽزۣǱضġ΢ЦƷһڲ裬һڻƽ𣬱ȻûСһΡ
׽ɵϵƣһ٣һΪ飺رҲɣΪʲôܴһƽ𡣡
׼һͳսĪҪ˵һڻƽ𣬾һڰ֪ǰ˵һ͢˵ͨǱزٵġ
볯ΪнˮҪġһ仰˵ˣûʳߵĸˣûӣ͢Ҫ
ɵɫ䣬ΪɻʵۣҲʵڲóƤˣ˵ֵôࡣ
ʵ۳ЦЦĦ豭һ²οʮףһٱؼףһǧ˼װɵۺ̫۾һԲˡ
黨ʮݣž㹻һǧ˷ݵĵҩһǧʯʮֻս飬һֻս飬һǧֻս飡
⣬һ챦ʮʦ챦ٷ챦ν챦ѧʿɣȥڹ챦
ɵ۵г˱ŭĻ棬缴Ļɽ߻δȻԵõһðɣʱЩûôˡ

ߵý˵Ի˼ңԶİˡ
κΣһԵɵۺñҰţһڴģѾˣð̡豦ҲӰǱ߶һɺ޲ðѿӡ
ǿ̫࣬Ҳһת·𿴼˹ɫͲһ䡰ſɵӡˡ
ⲻթǾûթˡⲻʨӴ󿪿ڣǾʹûʨӴ󿪿ڡҲίʵѹɵһ̻ıŭ
켶ҪĺñȴײˣɽͲΪһѶ̽ˡǿ켶ʦƷҪƷǾͰ˳ǹ⻷
˵ʲôбڣҲһ˵ˮ֮Ĵ֮ԼƷ⣬ƷƷҲܲסʱݲС
ǿɣ˳Ҳղȫʮһ׵ؼװ˼ڶõؼװءһǧ˼װƵ۳谮ߣҲֻʹ˼װ
黨͸Ӳ˵Ψһݾ͸ߡҪô࣬ʮ˾Ķţ͸صҰһˡ
ǿɣҲδΪɫĵ׼黨ۣҲδܸԼҶӺ׼⡣ҪУҵҲ׼ҪУҲʹһνٷˡ
һǧݴ쵽ĵҩҲԲС¡һǧݰȻһǧֲܻϵȺţҲû١
ս鷴׵ģʮֻսԴС¡Ϊѵǡǡһǧֻս飬ۼǡǰټҲֵġ
챦Ѿںڶˡ
һѧʿҪôɴɢҪôڶתΪͨս飬ҪôΪ챦ʲôܺ
챦ܸʲôܸѧʿࡣΣ˵һܴı֮Ψһ챦
ģ㶼˼˵ɵͺָͻ˵Ҫ
ҪҲδزٰ첻ҪˣƴҲûˣƲˡ
ɵûߣѾǳԽֱǵˡʢŭһᣬɵ۷侲ŭЦг㽻ףȻϷŪޡ
ᰡգգۣҪҵĳּۣۻ
ɵɫĿתؿãһתߣɭ䣺ߣҼס˵ҲĪҪˣ޵Ӫڣɱ
ҿⲻڣ⣬Ҳв˰Ʋ죬ɤҡҷ˵Ĵ󺰣£ҵ㻹ۣʮ󣬻ʼǱ߽ס
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߿һӰ豦ѾʧˡȻƲһЦһĻʵ£ȻҪҪ£νศ˼
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ң˲ٹڵɵ۵ϢһԼȷˡɵۣĻʵתĽ׶ΣݲκƵġ
߶ڽô죬Ѿˡ
̸ˣҪ̸ſ˵Щǳ̸ȥġ̸ĳЩ㣬ͻء
߽ŲȻһ٣ɵ۲⡣豦͹һʣһʺӪĿǰΣΪһͳսóֵڲ׼û
豦ͽӪһС鷳
һһöԸ豦Ѹ㣬һʺӪһʱҲһ鷳
ɻʹܴǵһȻܼסߵ·ߡ
ʹһʮһڣǽִΧοƻʹ֪Ǳ롣ҪɵףҪɵ뿪ʹ
֮ʮȻǳ׼ɵһΪʮҡڽɽŹͽչʵÿٲμһΡ
⻹ʮɵҲԳǣֲΰݴɹġŭ
һϲɵۣòҲߵĻᡣ
ǲʹפأ߱Ų
һ˶߷ųս飬һ߾һķתȻһæչ
ߵü
߽ߴ㵣ΪΣ
õͷˣ޷ˣˣ²㡣һ٣ɫæֵˣ
߿һۣͷһЦҲáöʱãæ¡
ҲᣬԹԵһֱɫ߳ȻһĪ
·꣬⸽ƣĪҪ¶˶ߡڼɽһߡ
߲ɫ߹ȥװһͼɽ羰״һۿڼɽ֮У·ս飬Ȼ֣


328 ̸֮ҹϮ
·һһţҰļɽС
µ꣬·гпΪѧԨԴ첻ϡľͲ죬ֱӾǺɽˡ
ƾۣ˴ɣҲɵ˼ҴɵơƫƫǺñδ󺣣һúö˴ı
ɱڣҲɵֻܵţóȻ𡣵ƾⱾ£ҵó
ʰ飬·괫Ϊβߣһ٣æ㾡˵ǴһƣδزܴͿڴ
ɫǷȥһΪҪߣ
·ʱſЦɵ̸ˣĿˡϢӹﴫˣشʱ˶붯ˣǿȴǹѲڡ
¥¥ҲڵǲǰɣΪ˶Ը㡣
ɫȻԤˡһ̸ľԲ٣û⣬ؼҺռҰ˳ɻ֡
䣿ֲľͷˣҲǻƿС۸Ӳǰ衣
¥¥ģ˿ͺͼɽΪʲôҪ㣿ƾϴΰң˭֪·ǲȨģϬڣ߲òӱ
ǡ·˿ȣҪײһ˾ˣһҩĻͷˣһֱѰ䣬⸽ĸ׾ȹһ
幫µ֮һߵͷȻƵ㡣ս飿˵˵
·΢ɣ˵ˡһֻս飬ǱǱɱȻãȴҲļԳ־áҲΪŵǱ롣
ں·һûһµ˵ʱʱĶƵüѣڸʲô
·˵һƣȻϹɵ߸Ȼ˼ڣӡ
еһҡͷһ᣺СӰ˶ǲˣߣʣǲʹˡߵ£ƺֻʣһշصãһ·Ķϱӡ
ҡͷӪûӵݣҲʲô֡ϻСͻһ־ԵĴ磬ϢȻˡ
¾ʲôΪβץסɵϲСˣ˵ǲǣ
ҡͷһɡ
ȻСǰЩʱڲ񰸣һˣʲô񰸣ֱ
Ŀһ֮

񰸣һŮһūһͨһɵۣԼԼģһڰС
˼ǰȨΪūȻΪʱԣһݣһٽɾУһֱǨ
УȻг깦˼򣬹ȨһԼΪܾһټɾУҲǨ
׿ڳϣ˲ǵʦһǰң뿪ָһ㣬ʱϣ͹Ȩҵʱһ¡
˺ֹ˴Լʮ꣬Ǳ¥ɱȨ˰ţ¶˹˲һߣӶʮ˾ǰĹ˼Ű
˲ὣʽ˵ĽʽԣʮǰӪӪȻʧʹޱȡ
߻᲻©֮ɳû˱ʽжôֲһ𵤾Ϊ꣬ƾ©֮ɳ
־ĽؾҲᴹѰɣԹԵĶⴧ⡣
ഫʽǵĳλ˲ὣʽʽᣬ˵ʲô
ഫеĳλƣϹ˵߼Ҵġ˵ʲô
ɻһʽ˰֮һƻһʽ©֮ɳһ˵ʲô
꿹ʥѧʿ˼̳ϵƽѧʣ˽Ĺ򡣴˺󣬴ഫۼˣͲ֪ѧǰ
ѧǰԼڣǴѧ֯ӲΣҲȾָʲôӰǺתġ
ϣƾλ˾ʥ˵Ӱ죬ѧǰԼڣõ˸Լߵձغչˡ
ߵʶʱڴˣλʥûкˣ
ǣСǧûϢûټ
һսˡһƷһǻ˼꣬˻ʱٺҲʧˡ
ǧһǿ϶ˣû˵ǣϬ⣬ǧûٵأ
ս֮ǰ಻ڵ˿ڣ͵ûɼǧһ˿ھٶʮڣȴûаɣ
˿ڻϸʣҲӦ񡣿ǣ߿൱ȷ˵δ˵ĸĴڣҲûƵļ¼
Ʋ죬ѵ˵սһˣǳ·˵عͣԵ»ͻ䣿
ǧսȴԽԽǿ󡣴һµСе֮Ȼϵ֮󼸺˾޵һǿˣҪԽԽǿͳϵˣ
˴ɣۿˣŸţԽսԽǿضء
ûʵ۰֮ţΪۣǾ̫ˡô˭Ūֶ
֪ΪΣ൱ǿҵĸоҪĴ𰸾ڴɺͱơ
һЩһЩ⣬ûеõӡ֤ˡһټţѾĳһͷˣܿܽ⿪
ǽܣҲǰݸĦ˹ֻŪףϹ˵ΣǴӺζоգΪʲô
һŪΣʲôȻܣ㲻͸㶨Է
̸˵幫Ķӱ͵תˡƾ߳ţȷܷܿè̫ӵ¡
̾˿ǲݵ
ȴ˵ˣСѾͷİȫûˡҲҸطúˣ굽ڵģûȫа
էһۺðӡһͳսҲƱزܶٷְٻ½ʱ۶ĳˣ˭ûȫа
Сⶫ߬ԼȽϰȫɿ
ȻתȻ䣬ɫ΢䣬˵һ
ɲǼ䣬žѣһӰ޷Զ˽̧һž¡һ¾ת˲ӷ·쫷סֱӱ顣
类һöذըС
໤УȻеҵ𶯣Ѫһʱڡʱͺʱİٵĳʮˣǰıɳȥ
žžײƼӣǡײС۵ңһߵһߺС۶һۣСޱصͷ⣺߲ͣ
ӴСأأûһְҵ°
һߵɳȥһ档ЦѪҲ˵ڵķϣֵһѡ
һתĳȥžһײΧǽϡȻ߶࣬껭һĴǽϻ
ӴۣŶˣһʹ˼å˭Ҳס
˵͵Ϯֻбա


329 
ۣ
ڣȻ棬͵Ϯ֮٣Ҳ¶˰ɡƽߣǲ۵ģ
൹ԵһĨѪһϢȻһҹɫУɤź
¡һ±ϮɻΪһɫâһ쭳죬ֲɫ·𽫺ҹնˣɲǼһһ߽һߺХϰա
ߵźȻӽɨϣûܾˣˣ
̾˿˫֣ˡ
δ䣬ߵӺȻеҡڲȰӶݡĿ⿴һ̧֣һֲϢϮߵ𣿡
߻ڣһݿİߺһ顣
ƺһշһ£־һмƾǽƨûУǵıƽߣ
ҿоһٴκɨ߱һǱһ¿ͺȻһʱͷƤ飬Ӽֱûˡ
໹ٶһᣬȫ֣ƾٶһСߺȻһЦǱһС۵ķ䣬죺ޣ
СɫתһƮȻʧܵü죬һƵġߵӶҪˣСİɣ
û취ˡ̾Ϣɵ̸ˣҲˡɵҪǹǲŪġ
ԱһȻɵĸ֡Ȼˣ߾ûָǰһܳ־˵ĳЩǴҳˣ
ǡƮȻڣЦŶ˵ʵҵҪʲôУ
һȻƺߵ׷ɳʮףײһӣߴС۵Ĵϣ
߻һٳسһ֮𱬲ùļһ׼ҾУ
˹ЦѣʲôƨСǿҲ벻ڽһУһ˵Ĳڣ
𣬴ϿһսѾˡɱ֮ԪȻеࡣ
йעߵˣ޲˼һսǺҹҲƺסǵĿ͸档
Ȼ䣬ǲʹפصУȻһХҡֱϾ죬˵Ǻò𺳡
ɣ
Хδ䣬޾Ľ˲Ϯ֮ϣֺޱȵĽȻѺҹӳĵһƬɫ
Цһ֮ʣ˲ŷ纣һϯ˷ɲ֮䣬СϢƮȻڴɫһƲ֮С
Ȼ˫һһ˺ñ˺ѻһȴƫƫһ˿Ϣ©Կµǿ˺Ѵ˵ֻú䤱ΪʲôСˡ
Ǽ٣©֮ɳ棡
û壬ڲ©֮ɳǰҲҲôһ¡
¡һ£·һֲֿת˲֮䣬ٴڣڿѪɳ˵֮С
ڵĺϷ·һѪڣ˲䱬԰ټƵĿֲĺ佫
Ϣľʹ˵

̫ˡ
һסĿ͵ؿȻת˰Ȧأͷ˼һʱ᣺⣬ǣ
˴ľ
߾ȻɵһڣֱǡǡĳʵһĻ
ЦģȻЦˡںģȻֹͣˡ
߽ʮꣿǷϻͯĺɽ˵һʱ䣬Ȼһ˼ͷһȻߴԼαװðİɣ̫ˡ
С۳֣˿Ϣ©֮赲˵ߡȻ˲С۵Ĵںͳ֡
ɣĵ׼ſΪǴ󷨶ߵ֡
ܴɣһϲС˵ܴɣһʱ򣬲ֹһüɫ֮ĸƤꡣ
Ӵɵǣ˵飬һڱƲֹһ˵ɡۿɣǴΪʲôģ
ȻжܴɡûĳЩȥ飬ҲûĳЩǴ󷨡
ڿһ̬ȣһҪֲиҪʱʱ̵̿ڿӡ
ȻԵõ߳߸ߵؾ֣һָֻȻתʮȣ˵
ӣ
һսֳһɵڼæȥһۣûˣ
û¡ߺǺһЦ
ãɶ˵һûӰˡ
¹ƽ߻һۣƲ֮Աǣڣһ˵ԷݡЦ¶ݾΪ²ˣ
κ֤ݵĶ˵ԷҪô֮ɴԵкǾ;Բǽ
ǽ֮ǾǶԷްȫˡԷǣɣбⲢްգԼҪô԰꣬Ҫôߺġۡ
죬òɵЦˣŭͼЦ˵ˣû⣬ɿ϶ٸⱾˡ

һҹȻ
·ڵȴʵ˵Σ˵ĴޱΡ
˯˯ǲ񣬵ھǽߵģͰ˳ǻѵҩˮɵ޷ɱߣҲɱߡ
ǣҪֹɵõҪɵߣȻҲɱߡ
ɵߣҲܲסһһƮҲܲסƺɱڵʵаڴɵϢû֪ڲڡ
һɣһߣƺٵڲܶԸϰ꣬ûڣͲҪָɵߡ
ɾ֮ءӪҲǰ裬һڳ֣Ǵɾȷ쭸ɵԷ
ǣ·Ψгź͵ȴ᲻񣬻ɱߣûʲôᡣ
еǶԼ£ܿͳΪ
ɵҪǼݡŭҡڽҪ㿪ɽŴյӡ£İ٣
סɾ֮⣬ԶɽׯǴˣҲΪЧΪƣιİ٣ض˲μӡ
һⲢʲôϢôһţ߶ţɵҪû磬ǲײаء
磬ǡǼŭĵڶ졣û⣬磬ɵһĿܻǰȥá
ͷһ죬ɵۻȥҡڲһ£ʾһ̬ȡڶ죬ɵۻȥŭ죬ɵۺܻܿȥݻ
죬Ǹɵ׵ʱ
˾Ҳȥ硣û⣬һͽ¡
ϣϬϣϣһκܴﵽԤڵĿꡣ˹롣
磬а졣ϣһ֮ǰͻƣȻ˵Ҳֻǿгɸսˡ
˼ţһȴһλ֮͡
ǲʹȻá


330 ۲Ϲ˵İ
򸧴ˣ
꿼æȭûߣٲҲǲʹ֣Ǿ⽻¼ˡ
ߵͷ񣬿һӡ
˿϶԰ݷñǲʹģЦˣ½ǰǴ
ϸһ뻹治óƺߣǱƹԱΪߣȴƫƫΪ񻯸ͬһΡóƺ
꿺Ҫ£߷һɡ
߿ϣһڲ裬ҿԳ۲ҿɵļ۸ʮڰǵļ۸ڡ
ǲʹʱְףֵô࣬˭õóôӣžʮƱׯһʱҲδóôء
ǲʹЦˣȻǮȴҲôࡣ
߲ΪȻλϲ󺣣ǱĵĵǱǮĹҡ齨֧ˮʦòûг⡣
һԣ˵ԣӦþˡǱ޸УˮʦǿģƵĺͺ⣬ûǮ
ȶԷڣһ֣Ī˵ЩҲҪһǧ򲻼ܼǵĽƱʮ׵ؼװ쵽ĵҩһ˷ݡ
챦ʦ챦ʮܼս飬ʮֻսͺáڵĲ֣ʯ㡣
ǲʹüȶԴɿˮʮϵļ۸ǿܽܡô
ЦЦ˲Ϳͣ˵ֻһݲ񣬲ȣҪŪһ㡣ףҲͻ
ΡƵҶۡ
ǲʹЦȭһ£תȥ
꿺ûһۣ꿳ɣˡҲδ̫ˣһʼֵڵĽףκΪ֮
ЦЦµġĿ峺һ٣˻۵ģ
߶ͣ˯˵ĵطĦһⲻ֪ǺƳɵӣмĦһ£ܿҳһķ϶
ߵ˯˷·˯һ꣬һǧһ꣬ûѣһֱ˯ȥ
˯üĿ续̬ȣʵһλˡˮ׵ĸӱճţܲ͸磬ҲʵĽҿ
ͷ񼣺椶˭˭
ǲ

ˮ˯ˣǲ񣿡
ͬʱϬһʡô֪𰸣ϬüǴļٵģ
ò˵һʵ̫ˡϬ綼޷ֱ棬˶͸Էֱˡ
˲һԣϬûٶ˵˶ٸ֣ҪﵽʲôĿģһ٣Ȼʲô˵ʲô
˼һ᣺ΪҪĿģӳٴһͳսΪҪΣǴɻϵԼʽ
⣬񰸵࣬бŵһ˵ȥ򡣡룬ҲҪ
Ϭüͷ벻ףΪȨᳶϸϵ
˳˼ֲ񰸵ĵˣû
Ȩ걻д̣ʵûˣ˴ɵӪҲû걻ڷųʧˡҲ񲻵ûҺܿ˽Ӫ
ȻڽӪߣҲʼûҲûȷ١
Ϭʱˣˣ񰸾ô£
˵ĪҪ񰸵ıɱΣ˰ĺľչ˵һˡһشܣһҪҳҳȨŻ֪
Ϭ㵵ĵڣȴͻһ·߰߰ȴһط
ϬɫŹ֣Ҵ֣طˣȻˣ
˴ʣȨˡ
Ϭһ۾ϳˣԾȻǰɽׯ˳֮Ϊɽׯ
ˣҪȥ
õɫҲ쳣Ź֣ͺ׼ȥ̶ѨƵġ
ΪʲộҪְȻƾ˭˰˷꣬ñ޸
Զԣ̶߲ѨֻҲˡ˾ȻóȻȥֱǲ
ȻڵȴһȷźšÿһҪһΣΪҵǸȷźš
òȻԵãʵȴ½ǣͬڣüȻһ·𱻺ͯŪʯڳһ״
ȥڱƵʱ򣬺ϹԼһš

Ϲˡ߲ɫĴ߹ȥߺһӪȻĿ⻷ˣ⼸öʯϣйŹ֣ƺһǣ
ǲʹפΧǽӪ񣬾ͲͲĶǽӪˣȻͻ˽Ӵ
ĹǣߺͲʯ٣ڶǵģһǡۡ
ϹˣǧܾˡڰĲ٣ɵµףǧһöǳҪӣҲԱΨһ취
ڣǧٲ߾ҪôϽҪô·ȥ硣
ҿǧˡ˵Ϊ޷Ҳǹʱ䣬ȼǧѰ
ȻѾϲȥˣɵûˣɵֵĻᣬ˱
׳Կ
üЦһ·Ȼ࣬ЦãӴ޷Ѽ̽鱨Ҫ
̽ÿһۣѼʹ̽ԲһѼҪǿӴ·Ϣ̽Ǿͱ޼ˣҪ˴󣿡
ܴбһĴС߱Ȼһ¡
ܡòͣɲתֱӷ񶨣Ҫʮʮꡣ齨һãҪ̫ˣҲҪܶࡣ
ҵĽѵôûˣ߶ʱһ룬ĿⶨȺеĳһӰȻ񲻶
ǱӰվһ̯ϣһƷȻ߹ߺȻһЦҲɫ߹ȥ
ڶ˲ɲǣ̧°ͣǡõס죬ôˣ
ȺУײһ¼߻ŭĿӡ˵ѣҪæ𡱵Ŀ⣬ŭ˻᲻·ûۣ
Ǻ͵㡭㣬Ź
Ʋ죬̾˿Ʋмתߡ
ĳĳ˿һĻ۰ᣬһ˷Ըĵϸ
ˣزˡĴŴҴˣ½ģĴ磬˳ѧˡԱһӪһ۽Ҵ
ҰңˣҽϽǷƼʻĹ⾰ĪҪ˵һСҲʱء
ڱƽύ־Ĵң
߻û뵽ҲûҾȻѧѧӣ


331 ˵ƣ
һ졣
Ϲ˵Ϣֿ˺þòĴҡôܲãһ·߸裬һ·Ȼǰ
ˡֹ߲⣬ѹĵ׺ü⵽˵񣬹ϵ˻ʡΪ㲻Ѳرƣ£
ҸƵ۵ˣڸҼƵۣһرơһƵ۰ѸץѪϺȣǿô찡Ʋ죺һֻ񡣡
ҪǣߴŲ߳ҪˣɵҲԥ۳ͳͳ
Ҫ˵ߺȻֹȻĿɨϹ˽ĳ¥һЦ⣬һȥ˾¥Ϲ¥ȥ
Ҳ˿ӸСҪϺŵİ䣬үǮ
ãҡ߽һ£ֱ¥
һ䣬СЦе߽ȥ߲Ųæص˾Ʋˡ½ʾСȳȥߡһᣬϹȻڡ
һҪڣϹϱȻһ¡ȻϹȻȡһС壬סһᣬһĵθ֡
߼æ̤УϹ¶ο΢ЦָָС壺챦ܷ
ùáĳӵĻһſȴеһʱڨڨͷùãû¾ͺá
ϹһЦ仯ģߵЦùû£Ҫùþڼǧˡ
߾ȻռǧܣϹ˾Ͳ֪ŭǸøˣթյİò׵ΪҪӦǧܡ
֪ԳǿɬùһҪ
סϹ˵֣ޱ˵ùãʲôҪϹ̾Ϣ֣ľͺܺúˡ
ĬһᣬԲ֪ЩʲôϹ˺ȻȰѽδ˴ˡҺͼǧһɾ֪ڷѽ͸õ͵һЩġ
Ҳ밡ҵΪˣô͵ҪǣǱ͵ϵġһʮĽ𵤾꣬ѧʿʲôطǽ㡣
ҿǿҪˣ۱ˣȻӹâ䡣᣺ùãĪҪ˵ڴɵ񰸣⣬Ҫ̡
Ϲ˳һ£ȥ˵Ϊߵָ֪ͬٸȻлʵˣߴ÷зȻǴˣǱΪһĵһˡ
һšƾλڵսмѾášˡ

ʰɡϹͷɹùʵ֪ޣδܴ١
ߣߺȻЩ˵ڣ࣬û´⹷ʺɼΣС
һ֪˶Ҹ߳سһΣҲҪ԰˭˼ҵ壺Ҳ幫Ķӣ
㲻ǡϹ˵Ŀն깫֮󣬵ˣ˰͹Ķӵˡ
߿ˣ̸ı̬ƾһͲ³ôص¡̸û׼ǵˣ͸е
߳ĿͰ͵̸˵ʱֻмܵһǻʵۣһ̸Լһǽϳһ磬һ̫ࡣ
ˣе˭ĿһϹ˸Ĵ𰸺ƲĲһ
Ϲһۣ㲻ǲµ𣡡
ٺ١ߺȻЦԭȻǸˣϹõҲǸˡ
Ϲ˺ЦߣߺȻŤѣùáһẦߵġʵϴҲǱץȥʱ򣬲Ÿҿ϶Ǹء
Ϲ΢ЦһҶҶģùءڨڨѣˣɶǴʱʤһᣬΪʲô
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÷أȴ䣬Թ룬ˣ㣡
Ǹ̫ˡ˿Ȳֵˣ³Ҳǻģɴʱ̫ˡ
ϢһᣬæµҲǰæ֮𣬲Ǹ죬Щû̫㣬ʵǲΡ
סõͷһЦ˵һ㣬޷ʸûС
οһЦϽƱ޷һЩˣûãǲáʵǣǿ򣬲սϱߡ˷Ǩ֮󣬲ñ޷ʱ
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Ĭһᣬóɵˣ˵齨ǣ
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ڱƵĹ£ڽڰˡѾıͳˣ̲Ƶİ˸սͱµ
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齨ھŸսΧһڶ޺ͱ֮䡣˾Ǳ̨ʣɫ΢䣬Īǳ͢齨ھŸ
ҡͷ˦Щ̫ԶˣһˣɾһΣأһʲôҲˣ

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˵ûɾν¼ҹˡ
ȱ޷ûһܴܵģϿ֮սԲһʵûڵΪǾùԶһ㣬ĪҪɾꡣ
һӣûָָҲָСǳϪŰԣҲϣСϡ
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Σȥ걱ңҪʮɾǾ޵һǿĵ̣ģĿģɵۡɵ۲ϧҲҪõġ
ĪҪ˵ߣһۣɵҲϢ˵
ȥƵƴӪãֵ¸ơգʵƵ۵ϡΣֵ°ëûôɶ
һǾ޵һǿһһ徳ΪĹ¼ҹˣûͲһλϣƫƫƻ飬
ҪǵǱ뾩ҪΪ˵񰸵ȣҪΪͽʽҪʱֱ仯ҪϬҪǼǧһ͹Ͻȥˡ
һֻߴӽ뱱ޱȱ
ͺһֻֻܶصĺ֣ں߲סĲŪסǰߣߵʱ
Ϊ;޵һǿ̨ϷǲӵģʹܲߵΪ뽻һҪĲȡҲǱȵġ
ǸȻҲµĻԼҲڿ񰸺γǣһǣһЩδؾͬһָֻɳġ
ΪûĴп˵ˡΪѾƽ룿Ҳߵ̫ؼĳЩĳЩƶ
Ҫǲ̶ˮкùӳԣûгֵûǿһ˵ߵǹƥ¼ҹˣΨһ׵İ취ǽˮ
ֻҪˮˣĻ־һڳҲΨһƾֽף˳㷴Ӷһѵİ취
Ȼһ취ɽס
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ô㵻ͷѵǣ
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ˣ˭ǲÿǣΪʲôǲ

ÿˣÿһϽиԵĿġ
Щɵ۵õһЩȴϣڰ߲ҲһЩȻҲҡڲ
Ϭ绳ʲôĿģʲôĿģ
ϬȨһԱԲһġһ㣬ߺͿ͸ˡ
ɵģһĵġȨףɣض߻ӣһЩ㣬ôһġ
ȻʲôĿģӪ²͸Ҳû˿ó
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գ˵ȴǸڵꡣ
ɵߣߣһУһһеĽ㣬ȴǡǰһ˿ȵƽȣø·ŵȴ۾߱߸˿ľ
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죬ˡһֱվڷ˿ڵߣΪˣû·½˲ء
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֮ͨ󣬻ľϲЦˡЦ䣬˷ë


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ߺñľͷ׮һȻԵõķ߸裺һֻССССҪɣȴôҲɲߡ
Ǿ¶ĸ衣һ߳һ׸裺ĪĪҸоҸĸоҰ˻þʣŶҮ
ڱڵβɤʵڲҲ̶á˼Ҷһ˵ԣߵҲдԣͬĳ⡣
һ׸ܰѷԲʮڵȫų
Ȼ·ǺܶиӸʵ˼ԼƺܲһЩʲô
䣬߳һ׸裺ҽȥδӣѶӡҵƳգǶҲ
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赭ǰ׳գһ۵Ϊ㿴Ůӣ
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337 ɽׯײ
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ĵĻͷһۣҲҿ϶һһɡĲ豦ǾǴϤҹС
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Ǿͱ豦ҹлصλȥ

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Ȼ˵ûʲôʮ֮Ҫһɾڰڵʮڣǰ塣һ㣬û˷ϡ
ұңףٳ߸ͷһ޳ۣ
Ц۾гһ죺ɼԣ֣롣
ɽׯɾԼĪطȴǱһιԵܺãŵ˺ܶ࣬ҲɽׯԺ߰ˮϯ˷
ЩأȴʸԼڵͨߣҲɼȷֵĵط
ˮϯԹȥǡȴ⣬ֱϯ˵ԵãֽײҲǱҪġ
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ߺγˣϹˣϱƵ̨ۣϷɵ̨ۣӵǰ˴ҺͽӪնӵǰС֮
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Ȼһ߾ʹһĴЦʲôҶң
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338 ǧ͸ë
ûǻײˡ
һ˸ʱǡøҶҵŵء
߲ΪҲûǷǣ׼أйʲôƨҶҡ
ҲʵβסҶǷּҶҵСǱģǡ֪˭һָָ㣬ﲻɲ죬ԾԾԵ˼
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ᡣԼƺ͵ģ͸ıˡ
ǣڼСĿⲻƣָĹ⾰Ц߹ȥһѾסһָһ¾Ťϡ
칬ʹʼɡ
С󺹵ĲҽУŭһԲȻȥ¼Сӡɫ䣬˵ǰֱϳŵʲôҶң
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µİɣԲˡ٣һ˵Ҫɱˣֱȡһ˵ֻ뷨
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ߵҳƫƫԴϷʵŶȻǷˣĲءҶҹȻɱأ
һתתһҶСƽɽһȭСһѪʱԶ
ҶҵҲƲסŭһԾ¡һȭ·ʣ¡һըߵϱߡ
˦˦ָͷ˵ôˣƵΪǿˣɼҶжö໵
ҶҶʢŭһԾХߣ

Ϣ֮ʣһɫε·һҡ˲ԭ֮״ƣȻһӰܳ󲿷
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ҶŭĿӣƲ죬ҡָͷǰɣҲӣҶҲӡհүҵȭͷǴǾȻ˰裡
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ֱӿˣ߸Ҹ޳һ𣿾˭谡⻹ûеˣ
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ɲ֮䣬ɫ䣬ǹƷ·绪һɢ̫Ⱦ˰ӽƵĽ
һ⣬춥ߵҫһŹȻϣʱΪĽ㣬Ϊһǵĳ
һҶǰɳĮмʺܾúܾõһÿһ㣬յ֮ǰȻһͷԵȥ
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ϢĿһĿһ΢΢һƶصĹâȻһĿעԼһŤͷһһȴߵĶӡ
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վʹգбǸ
˵꣬ó޵Ŀ⿴һۣתߣ

һᣬһɫʣҲһ˿ȻԭҶңϿ֮ս·֮УһҶҡ
һ˺ţδҶҹĨڡ
Ͽ֮սǰһˡһ·ᣬһ·һ··Ǿжˡ߸ҿ϶֮һҶҡ
Ҷǡøǰߣ粻ǡϲ岻಻٣ǡú߳ͻ᲻أ
ôǡô𣿻ƽʱ߻šɣǾսգսĹôɺϣԵңйעҶһôײԿǻˣ
һתЦﶪɽׯˣ
ҽ̿ˮһۣŵߵŵأ񡭡ʱһң
˺Ȼ޲ĳʲôˣȻ˿ţɱ𣬿Ǵ֣Ȼ˿ţ
˳ҵģΧ۵͵һ˲൳
ɫһⲻưЦӢ۳꣬һ֣ԹѾǸĳˡһ
ֺ⻰ûҿǴӶģνͶëءҽ͵Ŀǳ棬Ƕëأ֪Ϊǲǣ
һ˿ŭȥЦǱʹСС;ִƴȨëҲΪмȻأʢ飡
ˣˡߺҡ֣ô˵ǵ˵ˣҲһʮСƨˡ
һ٣͸пҲûһ꣬ʲôζءңһף˭֪᲻һһأ˵ǲǣ
˼λشɫЩӲ붼ģֻЦ˵ţ㶼꣬ҶҲɡ
°ͣ˼ţеҪϧԶǵۣɫ䣬Щʹ
һ٣쾪ѽʧˣһǸ۴ҾҪùˡĿһۣ
ĵĴڶ߻ӵߣĿ峺ĳɨ
УӯӯЦ뵭


339 ĩ󣬺Ϸ̨
룡
Ϊļҽɫһ˴ڣΪٲȻһʵ꣬һСŮӣԼһߵĶӡ
öⱻĿã죺˭ȻڶĪĳҵţ
ҲߵплãԴһĹΨӣ
ҽһдڣڶıһڲס˴˵ľߵϯɲʲôèģٵøᲢۡ
һ겻ʮ꣬ƾʲôͰ˴ɵƽƽ
·˽ɫŹ֣׷ײ²ⲻѡڲһᣬǰߵΧڣϤˣ˵ŻȻ
ԭ꣬ߣǸšڶıݵλҪڰ˴ңȴҲͷȻ֪ơ
ߵıͣδ֪ʲôطء
ԭĸпʱ𣺡һ˲š
ֲǼŮǲһ˲ҲҪҪǣǰߣǵһҶҵֵ֤Ĵˡ
񻯸֣ǱõʹλȨء꿴һҰԲѱıƢѰ˻ǲ𡣡
ǵ˽ۣȻߡһʮ꣬˴ƽƽһϢ
ܿ죬Ϣʹӵڶߡ
ɫɫıͣߴ³˹ģһʿ켣УϸĵһһЦ
Ϧµʱɾҹǰһ
ǡһ쵱ΪֵʱڡʱڴСףȴȻ֪һǱ
ĳһӰӺûԺ䣬ˣ
һȵӰдˣ
Ŀǰķ֣·ӪԷ½©޷Էݡֻܿ϶ˣ⣬ݾˡ
ݣһ֮ءǰӻͬˣΪݾָһ·
ȥɽׯ·ȫֱ׷ٹȥˡˣĪɽׯײ񣿡
Ӱе豦ԼͷֻɽׯףҲܴߡᱻ׷ɱǰһύ׵񡣡
˵ߴ˽ڽơɽׯ˿ƼϲĻ
˼һ˵ˣ֪ͬԳжģһǷҪ֣
豦Ĭһᣬҹв޳ܣߡĪһҾԹȥǱ߲ص㡣
Ǳ߲ص㡣˯˾ɾⶼܱߣǴ´ӴҲû˵ʲô£һͳˡ˯߲Ǳ߲ǹؼ
ɽׯʱ·ƼһһɢǿӪȫһҲ˳ɲ鲻ҩ˭ˣ
豦Ը⣬߲Ը⣬עԹȥߣߡȻȥһ߾һҪ˿š
ˣһҹС

ȥԼĪʱլԺʡ
һլԺĵеȴƻ裬ȴ͡˫Ŀעӣڿ˼Ҳ벻һ֮Чİ취ƾ֡
ָۣɾֻλڶۣ˴ҲۡΪЧҰۣ϶ҲС
ͺñȱƣƾھ˵ҲҰֻۣ˼ѹûΪκЧǲмҲû塣
ݣۣ
·߬һѺ˼תǧأֻʣһԹ̾Ϣ
һܵߵ˵ӵġƽʱһ򱾹ƽʱҲһ
û˿ۣȴʾԷڡҲĳյļ޸һС
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·ôģɹҲࡣ֪·ûۣУ۳֣Ҫһͷײȥ
һΪ΢ƽ⣬ǡһ⣬˿ϱߡ˭ڹǣ˭ȳ˯˾Ƕû˸Ҷ
ĪҪ˵ۣڣʧһҲûʵ۰ء˭Զû¸ɣר
ɵ˼·߸ˡ˯˾ǣܲˣûҪðͷ֣·ҲǸƣһƴ־Ͳֵˡ
Ψһ߱ģҲΨһƾֽ׵ˡǡǡҲսƵۿ϶̫۾һǰ֮
Ϊľ档˦һ֣ͰѸ·ĲֱָָӰ
豦Ĭ·Ĭȴһɰı
˵Цô֣ȥԼߡȻȴɵһСƲߣ͸ˡ
·֪ûиеĻҲǱ˶⣿
ʱˡ豦ߺȻһЩɳƣ̫£ٵˣһҹ߾ͻжҪԹȥǣ
ҹиϻִ˵أ
豦Ӱ̧һ䣺Ȼ˳ֶȡ񣬶ֹˣǾͷźţ۳֣
һᣬ豦Ȼһ֣ɽׯ

ˮõء
ɽõء
Ϧµʱһĳ֣һĳŵУ΢΢ЦСۣǴ壬ĪҪҵҷһ
СûӦЦЦʱ·ûȫҲȻתתȥһ⣬ĿȺеĴҽһһ١
ȻһӴ߲һСֽƮȻС߲ףȴѾȺʧȥټ
ɫһطŹһжʱһ¡
գܷؾǣۣ
ɵҲûŰӹһһɺȻٻۣĳɵݣۡ
ϸĴĦֽϵĻԼ˼Է˭ΪҪ֪ϢϹ˵ͬ
ɵۣĳЩˣߣ
ͷٵķڣȻ߲ɫĻһܣζһЦصͷҡͷ׮£ԽȤˡ
һЦ߶һڵҴһۡ
߶ʱüҾȻڹһΪȷźšҲִ£ûһ˼ҲȷظߣҾԲְ
ڸǾ֪ҲףûָʲôңʲôǧܡƲ죬ҲϽϣģ¹زʱǵС
ҡõء
ŵصۣĿɨȺеĴҡȻȻһᣬֿũʵļǧܣ
ˣѾˡ
ĩ󣬸԰ݸԵĽɫҲҪһʮɫľʴϷˡ


340 ɵۼ٣Ҫǵ̨
ϦƮԶɽ
߸ֶһ˵ĸпƾ˾·⵨ɫѾ̾Ϊֹˡ
ûϯ˶ڻ̸ཻ
ԭѰ˴˺һᣬҵˡһǲʹ·𿴼˰û
ˣһҪº΢Цˣþòҿһֱϵң벻Ҫˣ
ɫһ߹ϴ˵õģһǲˣ˵Ļһ룬۸Ҫ̸һ̸ˡ
һ˯ǲǲ񶼻ȷءƲ죬º͵ôʲôµĿ˵
һɡһ죬߱ˡ
ߵЦжʱһĮ˲ˣ⡣ôֻ˭ò˺ô
һ롣ЦǶ⣬ޱ⣬ҪҪһǮʧˣ˵㲻ҪеҪ
ˣǱȽǾʾһ̱ǰãûг⣬Ǿ͹
˵ɫһŭ⣬漴ɿЦҸɴ̨ʲôʰǿЦɡ
ҲᣬӭϦһᣬˡ
һɾһֻ֪ɾһ룬Ҳ˵Ҳۼۡˣûõһ룬δ
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Ца취Ǽ˫Ȼϳһ⣬ҲǺõġ
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ҡͷ˯ɾ׾ƽ׵ıֵһϡʣµĽ׶󣬾ǽҩܰļֵѹե
쳣ȷĽĿ꣺ʱһĽƱ
мӵ֣ս͵ҩͳͳһգǸơߴһʼûָЩ
ߣˣ

ѧԪѧʿǰء
ǳӭǰء
·׷׼٣εĹȻһЩϡȻȴʵں
ˣ룡˹ϯ
Ԫѧʿȭ⣬̹Ȼ·ǿΪ飬˿ûеѹ·ǿҲΪһͬϯе
ϻֻзϢԳƵǰ¡ʲôͷʲôʵһ㶼֪ЩǿǾͲкǿýк
Ҳ˵ûвУһ˼άĳˣҲóȻʱҲ硣ǴǸԵʱҲ磬ǾͲ˽˶Թˡ
Ǵ֣ǱسƵ۵һۡ⣬л顣˵ǵǰѾһηǿˡ
Ե޹ʵˣֻ˵ɵĴ¡
롣˹ıȭһܣû˻ΪЦú񣬾һͷˡ
һȺ˺һᣬһᣬαĻЦһᣬ⽥ת䡣
һ£νӢ۳꣬ᣬнʱյĳɾͣίʵͷӸеʤɰɬѡ
˱ӷǳװɣװɡװСҲƤǡ
һͨûͷûԵɬˡЦλ˵ȴǡ˵һֱǡ
ȻһӰˣ֪ΪΣÿһ˶Լеһǿҵİӿ
߼ɬòƴ㵣ϢȻͨأһ˶еļһȻһѵҪ
ǣǡ߾ֵǣֻûˣŻҪء
ͣԣʱڶǾɫŹ֡Դǿ̱񶾣һȻˣһ仰ͰѰɵڵ˸ˣ
ЦΪ˵ܳɾ˻ΰҵ
ʣˡһϧӣ㲻䣬ôͶˣίʵ̫źˡźǣʲôΣΨβ˶
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ĻһۣĪף˵ֵܣҽǳСġôûĿɲһ
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һ˾ٱȻѣϤɫ

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һĨݣϬĿԻ󣬺ȻӿΪĸоһԤ֮⣡
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ʲôҺĺֻһʼΪʲôȻôɣʲôôϬĿ絶޲ڼ
У¶һȻ֮ɫĪֲû֮ϲ֪˼ʱںδҵĶܣ
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˳ĬеĲģŵա
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°ͣȻһЦĪΪɤŴ󣬱е̸ϣǡüСۣǡø˵һЩȤ¡
ǲ֪벻Ҳ
һĨ׹էȻĪ㻹ĨңĳȻãȴҲʲô˶ָĨڵġ
һġһȣŪһ¿ӣƵı£ɱһߣȻ練ơ֮ɱڣܹ˵ȥġ
ʵˣС۵Ĵ
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Ȼ΢Ц˵λɻǵõϿ֮սһλߵڡ
ûϴλУƺأ
һʱȻѣ


341 ʷɱ˲Ѫһ仰
ʵ۱¼٣
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ӪΪǰһ·ֱ룬б͸Իǵϥߵݣóһ·ֻ룬Ȼôӡ
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ϸĵϬɫȻ䣬һʾ⣬޲ɴתߣеˣߣߣ
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Ϊһˣͱջһ¡һСģҾͻˣҾͷĳĿˡ
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ΪΣɫ
һ񻯸ֶõĴ𰸣һһ٣𶯴˲ס𵴣ΪഫͶڻޣ
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ȴñըһ¡¡ػ˵ԺΪ֮һ


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ʱϬȻȥжĳ˵߰ɡߣˡĪҪĴˣȻֻһ仰ܰ
ĳ𣺡ʲô
ýҩɵۣ

Уһ޷Ĵɽ
ȻġˣȻʲôңֱЦҡͷɻʵۣǶһѣҾͰѲĽҩ㣡
Ŀжʱ˾ԹеѾɫˣ޲һö̫ˣǶʿ
һ仰סдšģʷɱ˲Ѫһ仰һ仰ʱ
Ϊûϣɵõû˻ľ֣䣬ͱ
˵ţƵȡһֻСƿɵۣгѺϣһ̣һ仰ɵİϾ·ˣ
ĪҪ˵ᣬҲݣ
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ȼԹĿ⣬ؿһۣСӣҼǵ㣡˫һ壬Ȼ֮ʻΪһ⣬ת˲ݶӶݣ
ȥ
ǿ֮ϣȻһֲֻĴ֣·ڱǿգַ·ѣʵޱȵһհϣ
ۣɫ䣬˲䱬žľ֮
һתۣƺһѪڵı׹ȥ


342 ֮־ѹ

ǰ⽣Ӱʱ¡һ¾ǳĽѰݶƷ
˫Ŀŭ˫ֱַԼñȴɽһͷȥ
ëȻĴ򷨣һתۣɫʢȻһ¾ͷ·һǿкذ֡
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ݵˣѵǿôµĵزƺһǹƾеϢ࣬ƾһҪˡ
һԴ߾һֶһ˵ʱܳҪôȥҲԲ
һһ⵹ˣĵίʵ𺳲ѣһȻڣŵĳ֣ʵ̫ˡ
һ£۾ɵۿȥȻɵڳ֮У̫ڲһ㣬гϤ߶ʱһ䣡
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ʲôֱۣӾڹǣ򲻴ľУʲôһ̬ʱһΪ˲ľУӽֱӾܶʱ߰˸һĳ֣ô򰡣ֻбľУ
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첻ǾսʱݣҸȻһսգҷһ
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۰һΣȥһӶдġ۵壬ҲסԵײΧۣ
Ҳϰֲ˵ΧۣתͶڵҹУ
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ΣˡϬϷûģǻవ㣬ҲõȴﵽĿ֮־ԲƵģҲûޡ
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Ϭ΢΢Ƿг񵭵һЦߵ磬ʱضܳɽׯˡ
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343 ȵСۣ
ҹУһϢĺӰٴ
Сʲô飬޷׽Ķ˦ȥ
վ˻ͷѿɽׯˡһԴҴȫëѣû뵽һӾȻڣ
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Ǵ壬лл㣡ͷĵ׸еǸ⣺Ǵ壬Բ㣡
Ǵ壬ллϰҡǣĶԹҲûֻ̫ܰ࣬һ¹ˡ
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С۰ߣעʱ޷ھβǸԵʡ
СǰģǰķСߺȻһ˵ĸжһЩСůϷʡСۿ˺°һŮ˵Ļӭء
߰Сۣʵܿɰء߿ĵЦ֣ʾ
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344 ŲߵĲ
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ĵߣҪô˵ĽףҪôһۣ


346 䱸
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û˻ɣ߲ԭˡ
ߡĬĬףߣߣʲôһɹ

΢紵ɽ֣ƵҶײ죬һȻ밲
ԭƼĸĳ·͵ǡ˴һССɽú󣬺ȻһӰƾ
ˡ֣Ҹȿ֣Ҫǿˡ߾ÿ⣬һӶûָˣҪʵˡ
ĵϵĳĴҳһȡһ·ϡ̧ͷ죬૵ҺޣΪʲôûֱԽأ
Ĳѣ߲˵һְ취ֻѵǡʱҪġ
ҵð䣬кܴ©
ˣðġߡٷ֮ᱩ¶Ҳ޷ҩݾ棬Ԥڵķչ
ˣ۾ͻ֡߾ըëҲаðӵƤ
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ɵɫȾһ֮ɫ


348 Ⱦָ뽣ʽ
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һ̧֣һƿҩڻѵҫڷ⣬ڰշ


349 ǣսʱ
ʢҩСƿӣסĹâڰշٷ
һǶҩһߡ֮һø·
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үӣͿˣ
ҡһڣս壬ȻҹеģζȻֺ
ս֮䡱


350 һľ
ȴһ׮ǵĻȴġ
һؼҵˣȴһȲšƱ񣬽յ˫ֺαؿǿ׷ʣ
һϸ裬ȻӼðȻĺ߳ȵķ־Ȼûʡ߲òп˵ļȻġ
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351 һαӵİש
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һ±߹䣬ɵһͷǣԼԼᵽһɵĶصζײͷɵһʱûܷӦãȻҹУʲô
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ȴǲ֪ʵ᲻֪ûзʵ¶׵ֵģˣĻʵۣ϶ضнⶾı
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Ĳһ̲סնĳ嶯ȽȤζԵİ֮һҪնϰ߱¶ݣľԻԥ
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ΪʲôԵеϲأ
̶̲ӵʱ䣬ǡǡǡҹСΨһĻᡣûᣬ˸ûᡣȻΨһİӣҹСץסˡ
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352 ֮֮·
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ҪȻһһȻթĽӪеڶݶӣһ룬
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ҩһ̫ϣǸ·ڻٵ뷨Ϊ㡣Ҳܲס豦ĸǣƣһԻۣԮҲˡ

˼һ߹ϣǴ壬ߣ
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ȻϨ
⴩ƶӰ΢һ٣˿ò
ﰵ﷢
ǵһڶܶƶ˴Ԫڣۣ


353 ӣɿ絶
ʹʲôڲһĻкܶ𰸡
ߴʱĴǣ֪ᷢʲôȻȴֹˣ
ΪףȻ󣬹Ԫڣۡ½֮䣬ʮ˴ҹƲ֮зӳ
ҡڣǳڣ
ʮҡڣǳڵľӢױȵϢ·һָߵܿܿϢʽѹ
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ҡںǳڴ˷Ҳֻʮˡû˻ΪһͲʹˣʮˣҲһŤתƵʵˡ
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˻ʱ٣ӰÿһǱԵģǣǡǡҲñԵġܶΪ˻ʱûӰ죬ʵˡ
СȻǱܴͺĴϡԣãȻ
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˵ģҪ˵ģѾ֮ˡ

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ĿѻʹڳһƬ棬ɵķŭɱҲ˵ֻؿɫˣ
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ĳһطϬ緢һµͺһֻеľջãÿһᵽΣյϢ͹ϵƮȻȥ
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ߺС۳εģ̫ƻʱɵ۳־ڳǽϣָ㽭ɽһͷ
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354 ʮң°볡
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УҹкЦ˿ʤĿСĴΰϣα裬Ӯһأ
ĿֱͿҪըˣֻһεʤȴԵò΢Цߣ˹ĵ˵ߣܵǸأ
ǸǺͱ޷һ뿪ģ˰·ۻãΨһûץġǲ
ľȻΣʹҡͷҴˣұΪôɣҪ֣ҲֻǸ֣Ǳ޷ˡұΪþ޵һǿһûС
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·һĶ⣬صɵۣ豦ҹУɸֵϣ֪ΪΣɵۺȻҹеһݲ
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ᡣն·һԡһŵˣΣһǳʵֵŵԣ
ᱨһǱʮһٱһ򱶡ʮ߸һôɸۡܿܿ죬Ͼܿˣ
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عɵصͷתԺ빬

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ʵһߣɵһǰȥһЩ¡֮ǰͷĶǸ꣬һĬĴ󺣡
߾ҹУڵվڱÿһεˮĿʱİס
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޷ӪʮˣõԽңһ⡣
꿴ҴҸʮʬԱߵߣ첽ȥҲˣɣ
ĨһҲ֪ᣬˮȴһıһᣬҳһͲõĴӣȡһƱȥתǵļˣԸ⣬ң
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ҡͷͷ죬ˮУţǴ壬ˣ
ˡСۻһ䣬ҲĬȻˡ
·ڻǾˣˡͽҩɵϣٶѵȴ𰡣
˾ͺáЦ˵·Ҳֻǰֻ֡ҪԸ⣬ַܰЩ߳֡
ԭΪҪЩ˵̶ˮڣϰ볡ЩļֵѾûˣǾͱ֡
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ߣǴɣᣡ
߻վֱӣһѿľУһããģɲ֪ΪΣСһָоƽزһˡ
һëȻĶð˳ⶫԣ
Ǵ壬ս𣿡ƽ͵ʣС۵ͷĿɨʮʬ壬˵ĪҪߵùµˣһЩǡ
ЦЦô°볡ʽ࣡


355 ǣ㲻ɱ
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Ǹ·ԿɣҲǱľżһңصĿ档ͷβݡ
̨ϷһĴϷѹͷϷ֪֪ղ
ߺףں̨ϷУǣǣɵۣҲǡһ̨ϷӦý˫ۻᡱ߸ıˡ
Ϊ̨ϷϷӦýС֮Ҫͷǡ
̨ϷǲѪģҹѪίʵ̫ˡȴȻͷҪѪҲҪܶܶѪ
ĳЩΪôɵƯǣܻһЩҲܻһЩ©
̤ɻʹһ̣߾;ˣ°볡ǣǵˡ
ͷǣʧȥܶ࣬СһףôɣӾǰôɣôɣ
Զǲ˾ģ͸ûˣ
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סüģԺͿһԱŤ˫̥侲ŭ·ӣһŤѪУԺзڹ裡
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֪֪ʲôֱ𡣡ʼ磬һӾˣ飺ãͲһ顣
˯˺һᣬɵĿ峺ȻǼŮ߲·İ׳գ̧ͷ򿪣
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ߺƱסˣɫҰףײУ̫˰ɡ
˶ʱãҹдһվȣߣ˵ڱǰ񣡡
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ЦЦǱǷʹӻ
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һʱŭ̩Ȼ֮Ϊ֮۽ǳ⡣
ŭ΢һЩ赭дУ©֮ɳҲСΪʲôҪǴɣ
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ɵ۲ŭЦΪӵó޵ģǴӣҪʲôͶȻûеòġ
̾˿ǣһҪĶ̫ˣȴʲôܵõġҲҪõһǡһЩɼ¡
ǣҪܴϵõһëǾüˡǰҲǰƤҲǵòġҪô½
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һ̾ϢǣĪҪһٵİҵ׳տȻȴҲҼװףѵʵ۵ģҲ˼װף
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ɵ˫ڵŭ޿㵱ǻˣɱ
̫໺ǰ̧ߵǺ
ߵĿ峺ʣǹһֱȻõЦˣ˵ļڽ˵ѣ
ǣ㲻ɱң


356 һҹɻʹĶԻ
ǹһֱȻõЦˣ˵ļڽ˵ĵȻ
ڽɵۣûһ»ĴͺϷϴ˻ߵĺһ

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ɵɫĮһ˿ŭȴĿע¡
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ЦˣЦǰϣ˶Уȴһ˿һЦ⣬һһׯϡ
ˣһеһΣҲΨһһΣһЦһׯϣ
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뾩յģǰߵļ졣ǣҪɱңǼ͸ö֣ǵȵڡ
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ߵǱ뾩뾩ֻʵˣҪǵ߾а취ߣϧǹ¼ҹһڣҲֻԴе
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ߣв¶ʮڣۡĪҪ˵һҲȲ㡣
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ҹɫ΢䣬΢һ˿ɬ£ߵմӣֲ˵ʱ˵
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Ǻǣ˼ߵЦȻԵޱȴ̶ôɣȻһ˶û뵽ܣҪѣҸ˵Цأǿɱأ
̯֣ǣˣҲ˵û뵽˵ˣҵķʽˣ
޲һûʲôˡΪԼķ֣ԭȴΪԱųһʾһѡ
̤ɾҾ֪Σգʱ㡭Ҫɱң߲񡣡
ף߿ܴɵһɫǿӲɣвΪ˲񣬾ҪЮɵۣΪɵ۾Ͳɱ߲
Ϊ˻ʣɵ۲ǡۡӲǰͱƣҲš
ɱߣ߲ɵ͸ô򵥡ֻҩĳЩɵʱŻˡ
ߵġסɵķΧҲܳɹҪָףһԿǽˮˡ
򵥵˵뾩͵ɵϡʼɵⲻ߶һõ֣ô˵Ҳȷһš
κΣ̬չ罭¡ߺɵ۵ĹϵһʼĺȻϿ֮սĽţȻǷĿ
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°ͣЦǣ˵Ҳǰթˡʲôͼıһ
Ȼ֪ҽղѧһ㣡ĿĪҪΪǴɻʵۣĪҪΪȭͷ󣬾һУ
뵱жˣҾô¼Ҫ󣡡
δ䣬ɵ۱ŭޱȣȴ赭д˵һֱɣΪʲôңΪλύϡ
밡밡벻סֱһ죬ҷ֣Ĳ񣬾Ȼһˣ
ߺȻֱͦ壺뾩ǰ죬ǷҲġҪǣҵķʽǡ
ĲˡôΪʲôһŮˣǲ񡣡
ȻҲǲ񣡡

صڴУȴ˿ɬ
ɵۣڣ޲Ȼɫ䡣ĵһ²⣬һ仰𴩣оͺȻǰ˳һ
豦ףҹкԷҲڵһʱ޲ס䡣ʵιһ룬ģǾûǲҪ
ãŮ۷ЦǸŮ˿ǲΪʲô㲻ǲ񣡡
ǳǳ˵ǲȻͲ
˭Ψ£ǲĿԺСݳͷ
ĿȪһƺδܱסҵСǣ밡밡Ȼ뾩ǰˡ
ɾǰҾ룬ˡû׼ҪˣҪСˡȻ·Ҿ룬ʲô취Աأ
ɵޱ飺˵
̧ͷζЦֻҪ룬а취οһ·˺ܾáǣҾ뵽ɽôȻ˵û׼뾩ʱ򣬾Ͱҵĵϸɾˡ
룬Ӫܲܲ鵽ҪҪǣʽеĲ©֮ɳܷҵۣɻ̰֮İɡ
ɵ۵Ȼһ㷢࣬Ǵʤƴǣ뾩ʩչ©֮ɳҪҴɵġϵĳ̰ġ
ЦЦȻҼһϤˣ˵ǡ֪ˡ
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357 ߣĺ
ʽ֮һ
Ƶ̬һѪĻɵ۵һӦ˵޲һѿУ
ôɣȻͼıһϵĶǻһƤԼΣ̡åңԼҪء
ž³һڡû˶ãһķʽȶ⡣
䣬ݵƤ̣ҪҲٻһɡԺӿЦʣǻѿ
ɵ۵ŷ죬سһڴһƺĵейˡ
ԾУĿã侲ؿߣĿгأ˵˻㡮Ϊ˶ˣ㲻ǡʺ㡣
ߣɵؿ޷֣ߡУ
ʵ۲öԸһ϶֣þӶֵĻʵۣüܸоɵеİеСеԽУ
ɵ۵һԼķʽΪƴһ̵ӡ
ɵĿתƽߣ㻹ʲô˵һ˵ޣҲĺܺ棬һʮ꣬ʲôز
ߣ׿šĪҪ޵ĺ⣡ɵ۾ȻЦˣܱȡһٱ
ĪҪЦˣҶëȻˡ߷ëѣ˯ˣĶǵϣǺκīˮһϢҪˣ
ܿ죬¾ͻ֪ǲǲˡ
ɵҲ߹ţͷڵӣߣǲҲ֪Լˣ
ҡͷһȻ£ǰңΪҪ񰸡һһ룬֪һ룬Ͽһ룡ûһǱģɵײ۵˲һЩãȻ
ʱŮӣҲӪʹԷȻúܺ񰸣ǲؾǱһ룬ʣһأ
һŮӣߵɨһۣӪʹһʶΣˡ̫ͣ㣬ͲҪĻ
Էһæǡɵ۶һۣĿһ˿ȣڰ֣أˡ
˼أѰζЦЦᣡǸصˣ˲ὣʽᣡ
һ᲻©֮ɳ
豦Է޲һɵ۴㵻ͷЦѣԭˣ񰸣ΪֻҲޡ᣿
ԣڲǰ޲ɱ㣬ҪסҪ㡣㣬ȴ΢İʾһ£ܣʹﵽĿġ
ɵҡͷĿг˼ͣߣĺܳɫ֪Ϊɫꡣޣ˲żüõĴɣܱƣȻ쳣ɫ
ߺЦǷʾһ£ǱƳģ跨ҾͻڱΪԱνʾ֭ûлôۡ
ɵصͷһЦ֪񰸵ȥˣ֪ҴΪҪˣ¾˺ǡ
ͷΪ˽ʽҲԵʣ֪Ȼϸ˵һ˵ܲ³һ
ɵĿ⣬ϣĬãŵͳޣ͸Լ˵һ˵

ʱϬǡǡҲںͶ˵صĻ⡣
ʱһλʥˣĸӢۣ˵ΪҲ˿
ʥ˺ᣬںĹʥ˵ƽѧãӴˣƼʥѧǰ
ƾʥ˺ӰѧǰԼǰڣõ˲ƶˣɳ͢׷װѸֵȥѧ춨ʥصĵλ
Ŀɿڴ˵кôġ
ϬЦһʥ˺ᣬѧĺأΪβټҡͷʾ⡣
һսеսһ񣬰մģǨƶޣӴӶޣƷ
һս󣬾ʱȻֹ˵ʱʱ˻ʱ֮ĶֹһΣȻ󣬾ûӰ
ǧһҲܶˡ
ϬĻһʵ˻ʱҲһȴôͷϧͽʽ˿Ķ󡣡
ˡȻһϣ߹һɽ±ϣֻкٺٵˣ˵һš
ؽ𶯾޵ĴܣȻֲˣȴûܽ⿪ܡ
֮ΪĳһЩùԵʣǿˡУԴɺͱ׷ɱΪΪ
ϬĬѰζһۣ֪ΪΣ
Ϭһᣬ̾Ϣ˵ϼ̳һ츳ƽÿͳһšأ¸ɡ
ζǴģܶ޵ܣᶼмءûǴһأǹڱƣ
İǰһȤҥԣ˵ƵĿʵۣ¼ūƣƵұƯӴ˾޶
վת߿ߵԶˣһƮ˵걱ƿ֮ѵǹĺᡣˣѾչˣ
ǵĿȥϬɽ±ϣ첻ؿڵƶˣվһӵᰡ
߻ȥϬĬȻĿɨӣȻʮ񻯸֣ϤϢڱĿһȺһȺһһѡ
ڵȴʲô
һ֣˵׼ˣڻʹ϶ɵϣ
ġϬնĿ˸Ȼ˵ļЦǵĸأΪβǵĸˣǻҸء
ĿȻһ䣬۲Ϊ⡣
ϬͱˣǣһСΪɵδؾԶˣֻҪٳʱܻ
ۻ࿴һۡ
ϬЦѣ֪ڵʲôһҪ˵δؾܳɹҲδص֣
Ҳ³ˣֻҲ³ˡֻҪһ仰д㶼𣡡
һ߹߾ǲµʲôҲ˵ɵɱĲ£Ǹɵ
Ϭһڶ̸磡
ˣȻ̸ڣôϤ˽ߵģͲ̸磡

㡭Ϭ˹ˣ֣ˣ
ҹУ̸絭ߴӲ޵ķʸɵûɱĲ£δزһüǮ
ѰζһЦƢܺãǣҲܻ
Ϭò׶˳ЦĿУ˼ǧȻһҶˣڽӪмϸ˭ץߵĲ˭Ǽϸ
Ȼһöһ֣Ȼ赭дһ֣ͲŪߵ߱ɵ۵Ķ棡
ƾһ֣߲µ٣Բ˵
߱κ˶ɵ


358 ˻ʵ֮ҹ
˵߱κ˶ɵ
ȻȴЦɵЦÿĲãƾ˭ɵ۴Լǰ˰û
˲ᣬǹĺᡣ
̫棬ǹ˼ҵıū
߿ϸļȻ֣һԱ£棬Ϊ׷ɱ᣿
ɵĿܶ𣬵Ȼ񰸵ȥ˹򵥡ʲô˵ģ
СԱѧ߾ʣҪʣʲôط
ɵĿһ٣ڽУһȵ豦ˣ
һ˿εļЦҲᣬ£һֱܺһ׮¡ҴδһսȴԽԽǿ
µСе֮Ȼϵ֮޵һǿ
̲ǹҼңһ;̵֡ҪǿǿĹ˿ڣǮࡣԽԽǿǹƳʵ۶ʱ档
ûУǰûУҲСն룬һƵʣغܶܶ˶С
ɣʲôƾ̣ƾʲôԽԽǿǧ߹޵ĴͬΪϵȴѾ˥ˣΪδɲûУǿ󡣡
Ƿһ΢Ц棺½󣡡豦޲˭û˭ûǹ㣬Ҳ֪֪̫ˡԶһɱ˵ɡ
ݵȻ壬ɫضӣɵתȥڻָ˯ˣûһ˿һҪش˼
߲Ϊ΢ЦҵȻһҲȤҲȤĲ룬֪λûȤһ
ɵתͷĿȻȤǾͲ˵ˣ
һɵĻ⣬û˸֪̽аԶ²͸ʲô
ɵɫתƻ⣺ߣ˵òޱãҲޱҪǰαװʲôҪʲô޹ʲô㶼µˡ
һЩ棬ΪΪ֪û᲻©֮ɳ
ⲻѡȻɺ֮ĳޣѪ᲻͸ɣ͸һЩѣ͸Ȩ練ơ
Ȩ֪аĸƷһֱͼûȥȻ֪
𰸲ϣɵ۵ͷ˵ò޴ûǹס뾩ǰգ޲һɱ㣬ץס㿽ʡ
ߵͷһЦڽӪĿ֮£ǵסġҿϽϿ֮ǰҾһύ;ԲύȻǲǰװ׳Կˣ
˵뷨ĺ˼ɵ۱ˣһ뻹ǣ©֮ɳҩɣΪɡ
ܼһ޵ȷɱ㣬뱣ȫɵʹļףɺޣϿ֮սȴˡ
豦飬ңܲסٳ㡭ɵۻҡͷ㿴ˣûã
΢ЦһԲ
ˮ˯ˣƤ΢΢䶯ɵۺʹ˾ʱһ
ɵۿͣߣޱȳɫ֪ɫˣһ㲻ǵһҲࡣ
Ըٸһᣬһᡣɵ¶Ůӣʱ˯˵۾һ϶
߲ǻգȴȻһЩȻ
˯һžĶǵľգΨһźǿ۾ͺһƷȱһǣͺһҪľ
ۣ۽ëĲƷȱһʹ˱ϡһ˫յ۾ڰ׷峺ס
Ȼһҹˡ
С飡ͻأðһ仰ŮӸ˵ĸоͺһˮ
һ»΢Ц¶һ˿ɫȴ侲ɵۣ£ҵĲʱһԣ
ûǰҲῼͶЧɡ
֪ǷڴǱĳ˵Ӱ죬Ծɵ۵ӳؿһۣʾһ£
ѹȴãȻ޴˯һ»ȥ
̧̫ˮףСĵɵһֱߣԱߣȻʧ

š
оסĿ峺ԹԵ£ǷɱЦ⡣
ʵ׼Ϊ˻ˡһ߷ٵĴ⣬ʲôɾ͵˻ʣһ߰ƣü
ƺ˴ݺ以࿴һۣǰкͣһҲȥˡ
һƮȻ֣ǰߡЦģҲߣڣһССĽ𵤾°ɡ
˵ֱ꣬Ӵ߹߹ܵڵտ֮أŻ꣬һͳ
Ȼͷ˻ʣҪãȻûشƺ˭ûƵľ顣
ߺȻϣͷϣѡͷ죺мȤҲĹ£֪λûȤһ
еǣɫŹֵؿðɵӣ
豦ȻһЩ̫õĸоߣ˵
ԡУصĨһͷ죬֪ڿʲôµǣһһµһҽдɡһһȺز֮ѪļһȺ˽
ܶǰʱսȥܶˣ˶Ѿ̫ȻһдɵĹð˽ɱġ֪֮Ϊξôˡ
޴ɣûд¿죬Ҳû׷ɱˡɴһðӰһҪ
ж޴ɣ֪ȻÿһԼ뷭ũūѸ質Ҳ̤ƽɣѪծѪ
豦Ĭҹɫ䣬Էɫ졣ȻԵȻڣ̫⣬ȴǽıһôȤĹ¿ˡ
ˣĻǵ跨ݣһ͸ɡߺȻһ˴Ļǵһǧһ׮£Լûʧܵĵ
֮͸Ҳƴ͸ɡļùҪȻ͸һɣҴԼҲܱ⡣
Ȼ󣬺Ȼһ꣬Լʮǰֱ̯ʾͬɺϣ޸ǿõһڲɾ˻ʵϢ
߿ŵվڴУɵĵŲϣʮƦͣ˻ʰʵ۵˭룿ǲͼҵҲֵƴˡ
ʵۣǲ˵ҪʲôʲôǺôǿƽȵġͱʾݵλǾ֮һˣȨƺͲƸȻҲȱ
ȱʲôʵ۵ƽֻʮꡣ˻ʵⳤ̫̫ˡ
ϷһЦǻʵۣһ᲻ϧһдӵУֻΪǻʵۣʲôȱˣԸһõꡣ
Ŀһ٣ԵڽһۣĬȻͷϡ
ɾ˻ʣ
չ˫ۣڷ֮УعЦһ룬һ᣿
˻ʱ֮أĸ˻ʡ
߹ЦȻôɿ˻ʱԺ󼸰ѵȫ굽װ󣿡
οҪҪľǴɡǴ򲻿壬ҲҪôһͳޡ˼·Ȼ뵽һ취
⣬һĿЦ
Ȼʮ󡭡һ죬һ˧껪ǳ
Ȼһ𶯣·ڸߵĻ


359 Աµյ
ĺҹˮļ衣Ǻܶһ졣
һȺɫɫŮһȻ̬ɽд
һɽۣĿǾȻһ׹뱯׳ȣֵܽǣǧǷǵ׷ɱǣƵ֮أ
ҧŭ𣺡Ǻʹ֮ٴҲϴѪ𣡡
ʮҧסأסȭͷݣ
ҵĸʲôʲôǵ˫ף֯ģֵصģСģٵģ߳ģ˳ģ˵ĸǸ߹٣˵汲ʱΪЧң
ʲôĿ磬ÿһ˵ϣ˻ߣʲôΪĽɫѪǾͲǷǶԴأ֮
ŮŮͷɽһŭӰͷĺޣĹȥֻһֶѪڣڣ֮
ôһֱϰ֣ɱ˶Ѫծ
챯Цѹ£ˮֻҪˣֻس£
ֻǣȻнɫѪɣҲ࣡
סȭͷˮֿɬĵŭ𣺡ǲ
ǲʮĿصɽУ
źţŮŮȭɿʹޣ
ʮ񻯸֣ÿһѪȴֹԼᡣôʹޣᡣôĿޣôĿ࣡
ĺǳһĽײ㡣ȴһ𣬻֣ԾȡǾһȺĻѪ
۽ס죬һɹɵǿҵصҧס촽Ѫŭ𣺡ǲǾԼã
ҪɱǣҲɱǣ
ǲǵģݵλǾ˫
һļŭĿХ·ɫ䣬ˮøӼ衣
ۺ⣬ҧɣǿľӪһᣬ죬ȡϢʱΪ˷ɣǵһˣֵܽúܿͻԮ
ǧѪծֵܽõʡ
ÿһᣬÿһɲɱ⡣һѲȥᣬİΣʱһ㶼ۡ
һᣬ̧ͷ̧ȭ£·ҪһУ
ĿһȺ·һǵصɾһν
ãϬɳƵĻʵǶֻ¾ݴأһ϶Ѫ
̸絭ת֪ǷͣǽΪ˶Ըߡҵɣˡ
ϬĬȻĿ̸ƮȻȥһᣬŻͷӽʼ̾Ϣ
߰ɡϬ䣺죬ǴɺľսǵģҲߵġ
Ȼ۾һһ˿˵ζĿЦ֮ǰǻҪһ£
֪һӮңǲߣ

ǡ
Ӫһ첿ڽУһһµİٻҲпǰ쵱͸ˣǽӪҪμӽϣһ
ɾϣվضڼСֵģرѲ߶ӣҪ˺ЧӦȽЧʵҪӪ
ɽӪһսԼҲֻҸǽǻȦȦĺܺҲɵİѺǱͧйİϰɡ
ĪҪ˵꣬ʮô𶯵һأӪ͵ü¥ɱˡ
ڸ·ˣҲˣɲ١һѲʹſڣһ߿һ죬кһ£ԶԶͱԹҲ֪Ǹʲôˡ
ĻûеõӦһ˴ؿ󡣳һ飬һǱľ͵һһܣȴûбϮ
Ҳû˳ЦΪ
Ҳסˣ
ĴУһˣһɡڻ߹ֱʹŶȥ
δصشɡϣɽڵʯ壬ˤɰ˰꣡
ȻֵɡͻأĴӻϻһ
̿ˮսһңſڣ㲻ܡ
ɫɡ£ߵһ㵭⣬ĮһɨȻûˣɫɡһĳֱ룡
߹ʹǵžһѳ֫

һ죬ǳ
ߵĿЦ͸ĻУԵ˲üȴеҪ˵һҪ£ǿȥ
豦Ļٳȣһ˿˵ζ˵Ľǣİ취ʲô
߿Цİ취һ˵˵С˧磡
˧˱ޣã֪ƳˣǳʲôǣȻѲ񽻸ꡣ°ͣ˼һɣΪ̫˧ˡ
޳ܵĻ豦ԵȨҰҽУȻأ
Ȼͱ˴ɡȻ£Ǿ͸̼ˡ߹ȻҰһЦ˵ҾҪ˵һһݵС£
ǰһµһԽԽǿΪʲôأ벻ͨܶ벻ͨʵܶ˶һ̫׵Ĳ²⣡
豦е˳ĬˡΨߵĴصףҲֱӵĲ²⣬Ǿ
ƳģҲѡˡɵ񰡣Ǳġû֪Ϊʲôûɵ˵䡣
ͱڴɶ뷽跨ԱСɹˣַͨôĴǡᱻɱڣŰһ¡ٻ
ߺȻĿɫȻ֪Ӳ᳤ã㣬ˮϣߡһϿеսȻײһˣһԱ
˺˵ǣǺɡνô£ٻҲڸǾͺ
Ȼ귢ֺüȤɵ㡣ƺɵۻҪţҪĲǷɵϣʼ磺Ϊʲôأ
ãĴУ豦ĳЩ˵ֱڶ
䣬Եȣ޲һ˫׵ĿؿߣĶҪӺ˳𰸺֮ˡ
ǲáȻã߿Цѣڣ˵һ˵µĿͷҽҿյˣ
İ취ʲôأ
ȭͨһ¹ڵϣʮҵķЦһһӿһٵĲ͸ɵۣ
Եɫ󺧣һԣ£ǼٵĲ񣡡
һڱУ˻ЦĻ˶ʮһðĲҪôɱɵĻʵۣ
ɻʵзǾֻ˵˺ʹйϵ
Ŀģ۽ΣܴһüƲߣòĻǵıǶʮѪ
˵عУչ˫ۣ˺ѷεĺУԶǰȥɡ
ʱ䣬¡¡ľҾ֮էȻŭд̿ͣ
һϸӰײƴ߲Զ
İףȹƮƮ˯˳İɫУֳһ˫ѪУѻ
һĻȻϡ


360 ʮ겼֣ҹ֮
İףȹƮƮ˯˳ֳһ˫ѪС
Ƥƫͷѻ
һٺٵϣߡڣȻëըΪǱĴɲǣԭ֮ȻϢĻһ
ѻȻһЦһ˫ƮȻ䵱У·ʧ˲ˣƾ˭ţǰһ£ã
һۼҪ˻ɲǣк¡¡𶯣Ӱһɳ죬ХץסǼٵĲ񣡡
̧һʱһɿֲĽɫǵصĽɫƲʣ·Ľѻٹ˲ɱһİ꣬ȻһЦƤɱһʵۣûʲô
̫ҽ̫౧Żʵ۳̣̫ҽ
Ϣ֮£̫˿ڣʱѪȴСɵ۷ƽźá
ǣôɻʵۣҲн죡
һЦ޼ɵ¶ֻĿУʱŭеˡЦ죬Ц
ЦЦţˮűһ䣬һûԶ˴ҽǵԣѾʵһˡ
һڷ׽ӵҹĺУᣬ׳ҡ
ǰ·ӹԶ˵ǰӣǲÿһ˵ģǣǵ˭ɱˣɸӼǵ˭ץ˵ģ
һ߿ޣһЦվֱðű꣬һһȥ豦Ӱӳߵͳŭ𣺡ץסߣ
һ٣κָӲӪΨеͳҹУδ䣬תߣ
߲ŲʣδᶨƵЦ죺ҹУ
ۼ豦ҪߵɲǣȻһֻǿĸ첲д̽صһǶƣС۵ͳ
豦һѪһʱ¡¡ײףڵһʱ
ҹУͱһ
һɭȻñȹںŵ﷢Ȼҹɫ԰ףȻֱߣ󳷣
һԵֻʵĶԻʵ۽ʩȣʱǱŭ쳣һ߾ĵĳޣߣ֪Ǵ̿ͣȻѱ£
߹ЦԣǷӻǰ׳գΪʲôҪûͱһѾܶԲҵʮ߸ˣ˵ʲô
ԵŭҪйᣬҧгݵȴС۸һȻռϷ硣

߼Ц̤һɫҰ׵ҹУ㣬ԶǱǲɵˣץǣ
ҹвˣſڽ಻֪룬һʮ꣬һ׹꣬Ȼ᲻
ǵģԶʮǲɵġߺʹɵ˽棬ڴκ£ԸġĪҪ˵ɣҶҶûԱ޷ء
ץˣҹе˽
ץˣѵɵۻߣԲܡҪôץץ˾;ûߡ
߽ҩԶʮڱץһ̾Ǳˡ
ҹУ𣿡ߵĿ⣬ȴĿ£ҵĲ²ʲô
ʲôҹйŭⲻѣǴɻʹܰŵĵط
ߺȻЦҪ˾ʲôˣһ̣
ʱһԾ߱һһǰȥ˫ȭһȻһ춯һЮŭҹвԣ
٣ƾʲôҶ߿Цһȭҹкɳȥһƹ֮һסš
ҹоŭȴʧΪ壬һ췢Ӳ߰˳ɡ
췢ԽХָһˢһƿգҹоѣˣؿ亹ֱð
ÿĽ׵Ľ
ô꣬ǵ츳ߣҷ·һһҹ벻ףҲûʱˡ
߾һ쫷磬סϷţһƬƬһƵĲϴϷɿķʼ䲻ϣֻ쫷̫͡
𣬾Ȼһ徳ǰڽڰˣս᲻Լģ
ֻʵܣûܣеĶˣһ̿߼սݡһѾȥ̫ҽˣһͺ̫ڿʵۡ
豦شһС۾ȻԵڶǣסΨһԷΪһȻҲһܳˡ
ҹоŭ߶οӺӰĲŭ𣺡ߣҸƴˣ
ƴҲҪʹûʸС¥һҹ꣡ҹУҵʮ߸³ɡ
ȻеɢΨʣһ¶·峺죡
ĹԣһεΣУ޷ܣ޷ӶݣֻӲͷƤȴһ̣
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ʵսֻҲ᲻սˡ
Զᶮ֮Ѥ

ɭȻһŲҹϣһҹвЦݣΪҲ֪ΪҲ֪ôɵģ
ҹдڴϢﱻ޾Ŀ־û
Ŀеɫܸӣ˵ͬǷŭǼЦԵ޹ǣԶǣġ㣬Ȼ
չȥ㲻ǺˣҲǻˡֻһԵˡҹкȻãԵһܺúǡĴʡ
˺ˣҲ˻ˡֻһмĿ档㲻һͨˣĹһӡ
ҡͷȻ̫ҹСһΪǣԶ˶еھεˣһʲôأ
ٴҡͷˮ¶һѪ
ҹţסѪݣʹ࣬ȴ¶һֵĳ˰οĿ⡣
߲̫Ŀĺ壬ΪԵŤˣߣҹб͸ʺһоѧʵˣ
˦ϱߵѪ顣ȻתʡµɵۣҹˣҲ͸ˡԶǹµúܣҪһ߻Ȫ·
ͺ̫㻤ʵۣĿ˵һ̱ȣߣĪ
۵Ҿɱ𣿡
̫վһǰ̧־֮һ£ۼҾȥ磡
һɫĹâȻƿճ֣
ǳǳˣ򵥵ɫһ޷ķʽҲķʽĴ̳
̫꣡ྪУҪѾ


361 ҳ˻֮ʱս֮Լ
˵죡
ʦҩʦʦľ绮֣֮ӦģȻǸɫװҲ˻֡
޺ܴߺܶࡣģģɫʤö١ȻΪϵģǡˮս֮ǰġ
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ɫĽǵؼ꽣ɱ˵ĲǽˣҲǽˣ
ɫ꽣Чش̫ģȻû첲У
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͵Ŀɨӣһ·еһֲֿϢһ޷Ȼһ˫¶һ޴ӿܵ
־ۣףΪʲôǡ־ˡʹ಻ѣƺһȻշ·شһɣײڴǽϣ
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㲻ǱۣΪ޷вҹΪֻһҪҰ
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Ŷ£ʵ첻̫Ҳ̫±׷ɱһɱ㣬Ҿͻܣȥ޺ޡһͳޣֻ¼ʮҪġ
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ɵĴЦһЦһ߿Ѫһݶصĺ飺ߣһԼҽҲ
΢ЦŵһΪ
ҽսҲҳ˻ʵʱǾһս
ɵ΢Ц̧߸ջΪģҲôԼɣ
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ҲЦ£¸㡣ˡ
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δ䣬ǧȻ̤롣


362 ǧܼ٣ɵ֮
һ˵Ĵֲӣһʹعһӣһ˫£֣һصѹˣ
ǧֵܷذ˰ũϹһ˫ۣҲаΪ
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ɵ۴סʹסС۵޲סΨƲ죺װģ
۲һС۵ĶţԴɽѵһȭۿҪڼǧϡ
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áǧܸܺӵ΢ЦͷƺΪͽƶ̵档
ƮƮһǧһũĺǺЦţһ粽ǰȭϢĴһ˿Σ
ָ֮ʣиһ𺧡µذžһ±飬Ȼ󣬺¡һ𺳾׵ıѣؾȻмޱѺۣ
һȴñȺХһĿ񱩡ǧ΢΢죬ƫͷܹȥͷҲ־ۣţɹȻơ
׮ˡǧѰζؿһۣŲŲ˫һչһ±ըžһ
͵ӣʱֱͦҰ׵ͷںڣϵɢȻʱ䣬·ϻͯһظഺ
ǿұӣǧӵİϻ
һǧܵϢҲԿڸǣϢһʱɫһ䣬̤ǰһȭ֮˵ѵƣһȻ˻
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籱磬ĿɭȻɱ⣬תĹ⾰Ѿƽˣߣ
ǧĿһһȭȻѣۡץסߣڿնȥСۺͼǧ̸ϣ
֪һǷ׼ȷˣ߻ףްգʵǰˮŤޣѾʼˣƲס׼ˡ

Ծڰգ߷ҵ죬ֱһģս
ȥƽѵĹģͺǺˡһսȴɣɣԼԳһٶ񻯸ˡ
ɣϤ٣Ӳڡۣʮλڡ
սʤս
Ǿ޵һǿսΪǿ󡣾ڵɣҲûһƲ硣֯гɫ츳Ǿǿ֮һ
ۻҵĴսĺ󻹻ôģô߹սðӾͳͳ
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ѵ˻ű߽飬ŭޱߵĿ˳
ǧܷһһʱǽһСӣҶϺߣ
ǧʱһΪһжȻ˿·硣ǰż
ϴߣսǰ࣬ѣһһµĵס֡
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363 񣬲񣬱
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һᣬ˾ɾǽϿա߿ɥ壬ҪоҪҵо󰡡в©֮ɳͱ˰֮ͷ͸㡣
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ԣǰһᱻɱˡ񣬴Լֻʣ֧ỹһ֧ǹ˲Ӷ޵Ĺĺ
ԼûϢǴԼҲŹԷ
Խסüģ죺ŶΪΣɫʱȣɣΪսһֱ񣿡
Ϭһߵͷһҡͷгޣᵮһֱıҵ壬ϵ壡ǷгޣҪᡣ
ԾȻᣬᣬϵת䣬ǡǡ̬ת䡣ϸƷζһͻȻˡⲿԽԽˣûΪɽĻͦס
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඼Ǻܿģ½İѸɫ鱨ȻԶдҲղˡ
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ΪʲôԽ꣬һֱľѼ鱨ԼȵȣɱϾණȻ֪ޡȻҪһ㡣
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ȻȴǴҪôɳҪôɲ볯һ󡣡
ѹϬ翴𣬸оƶȣ˶ޱ޼ءҡͷֵͷ;˵ʼղۿһУҪȥ޺ͺ޿ǡ
Ĩһ£Ĩȥһѱ꣬ͷı󰡡

һûһ˵
һһǳǰ߽סüģҡȥɱӣץҵ˵ģ㻹̸磿
ֻϤߣһϬ磬һ̸硣ڱ֪УԱģϬʣµľһ̸磡
ϬٲȻˣ絯ңҿ̸һ𣬲˼ƺҲˡҲ˵ǲ
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ŭһۣȻЦһûԶ˱ɱ˳ɻĲһüǮȻˮɵɺͺá
Ȼ󣬾յ뿪ɡûбãûյİ취ˡ
⻹̸ɵģһ֣Ƶʹɳͷߵ磬ٲôڿӡɵǵһùд
Ȼùڷıƣض֮һƵл飬ȴг޵̸磬ʵڴôɡ
ĪҪˡ֮ңиĽɱͻϮɲʤܣ˷вʹʧϢ֮ã
һ͵ˣĲۣǵһôʧʮˡľͻϮҪ񻯸֡
ҲգϤʮ꣬û׼ܰһˡڵʧǾͲʮʮġ
ϬЦɵҸҲǱȻһ٣пҵϣǲҪɼ͵õϲȥ²
ȻˣһĻʵ۵ǻʱ͸̣ɸѶԸ
üһᣬҲòϡɻ壬δؾͲҳһǸλһ룬Ҳʱǵˡ
ҲãҲã߶
ϬĿоһ㣬ɫ쵽ͷˣҲýͽʽˡ˵ǣɵϵģ
߽סüģΣɵͽʽˣǣ˭
ϬЦĪҪթ֪㣬˭ҡͷĿȻ˼

ϬЦŨ뾩ÿһ¶ĿģϢ·ɾ롣Ͽ֮ս˵ɵɵ۵ĿģĿġ
ȥˮңҲǼҪҵ˽ӡЦЦţҲţ֪Ƶ۵˽ӣȻһ㡣
֮£ͷβڲݣңؾơ·һȺõĴˮҲ۷ãǣƴɵĸ֣㴴ߵĻᡣ
ϬĿݣҪ̣Ƶһʱ޴룬Ȱ˼ȥΪңصĿܡ
ֲ߰ɫ̹Ȼϣǡû֪
Ϭ絭ɵϣ´ˡܲµһ˲࣬ȾҪԤὫеڶϮ
ĬȻʣеڶϮһµһ㣬ɵ۾һļʻϡûߣ˵ɲµˡ
һ㲻ѣǰǱҪбȽȫϢǡãߺϬ鱨ǱȽȫ棬Ҳǡò³⡣
գֻһɵ۱̵ĻʱļϸҶߣӦϡϬ˹˵
ߵͷֵľǵкܴɵ¾ۣҹõĻܴ󡣡
ϬĿƣ̾һᣬȻǴսʱսɵߵı
Ϭ۾ⷢȣǿһݼŵĻᣬΪۺܿ͸һսûܴƤ뿪㡣
ԣΨһĻᣬսʼʱۻû֮ǰʱû֪ʲôʱսǣƴɵˡ
ǡãĲ裬ǣıӡֻңܿսɵߵĸ֡
һ̾ϢӿЦƺֻҵ󡣡
ϬĿת̾Ϣ汾¸ƷȻָһ·
ĬȻΣЦȻУ᲻ý𣿡
ϬҲЦҺȻЩҡˣ㡣ҲίʵвٵʣһֱΧôʱȡ
ֻս飬ǡ֪ûս顣Уͨս飬Ҳᱻ̫һǰϰֻơ
㶼̫࣬һɵ֣̫Ҳмܵġ̫࣬һӪ϶ܲȻ鵽ϡ
ĬȻЦϬ᰸´ʣ㣬ˡƫƫûʱ䣬ûûʵȥ
ϬĿǣҵĽǡȻģҲһˡ
̾ѧӣƺ֪˵ʲô
ϬҲ̾Ȼ㲻Ǿͷˡ߰ɡ
Ȼ֪˼뿪ǰڣ
ϬһֳͬĿ⿴ã³һʣ
ۣ


365 Ӫȣԧ
ҴˣӦøɵġ
Уһĵ̾Ϣޱ
ظģңһȻлᡣһɵ㡣
һ˵һһĿѲӵϬëȻȻߴɱ֣ҡͷϧҴ򲻹㡣˵ſһĶУȻɶл顣
㲻̽ҵΪ̽ҵˡϬһװģߣҲûоһߴ̵˼˵࣬࣬й¶ľ͸ࡣ
˵ȴ֪ǺлɵϬ硣˾ԾǾľӲΣǽ£ᵽΣգܵñӿ죬ɱûᡣ
һ߸пһ꣬ԹΪβɴ˵͵̫
ˣʭӶ˲ծ˲Ŀ꣬ʱһծҲʲôϴǸƷһֱͼıûȥ
ӭߵĿ⣬ϬȻַëζҡͷңץ¾Բҵ˼Ҳı⣬ֻһ䣺ûô
ҡͷˬ㣬̸ˡ̫ˡ
Ҳ˵̸ǲʣѼٵĲ񽻸ߣض̸⡣
ǼٵģȴҪ͸ɵۣɵۻɡôȻѺѣӪǰ׳գ޶ûֲء
ȻΪ̸Ǳ˽ˣһû̸һʺϵѡһɾʹ칬һشˮ
д㣬Ҳסһɷɿ𡱵ߺϹ㡣Ҳ֤߳ɹɵȥ˶Բļġ
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ڲ
üԺӹѻǳģҡͷ
ûˣǻɡϬЦͬ飬ֻĵѣ쵽ˡ
δ䣬ߺ֮תڴɽнǵİɽһԾڣҧгݵϬ磬ˣһм㻹ġ
ϬͶжһۣЦѡΣѵõ߳Աһˡܿɹʤ
ĴӰɽϵӹһһץߺԳ̩ɽһһһľת˲ܳ·
͸Ļ͸ˡﲻסĴݵݵ
չð䣬۷ǲ뱻˰ʹʧȥΪһɣЭĳĳɡ
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ﰡͷˣҪ£ҲǲɡץĿģȻΪֻˡ
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߿ЦŻ˲һʮĹڣһתαضץңҲδ̫ʦˡ
һɫĴ׳ӣһģһᣬͷһץߣ
߲ǲ㣬ȴǷζ㣬Ƕ㲻ȥΨпƵһ̾

Ķ۵ۣһץסߣһâȥ
ֺֺƲУȻ߱һץˡ
ĵĺһ³嵽¶֮ɫʦ
ȻҡͷΪʦֵģһǲϲСӣʲôΪʦʦǱƵˣƾΪʦҲ֡
ĬȻףȻ̾㻹ڹΪʦʱû±õˣûͷӬһܣȥСӣˡ
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һԲһߣȻиһʦ֣Ϊһ׹䷲ǳɿ׹׹׹䣡
Ȼɫ䣬һ̾ϢһӣԼٷץס׹ͽܣΣѾͷΪʦû취
ߣҲ֪СӸʲôԻҩľȻȴǳһ־ȻϢ
ȻһȻɫֻҪӦΪʦһ£Ϊʦ;ĳҵĿ⣬ʱһϣ
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Ȼǲ֪õİ취͵Ϯκ񱣬ȻҲῴô˧ȴе˳ۼǷˡ
Ͼ飬ȻȻôƣٲһڣȣ˴ҴߣĪ
ȴһеģ۶ʱɫ䣬ĿŰߣȴһʱսȾܡȻ첻ѣȴ֪ʵ˵׼ˣ⣬ȻƿϮȥ
۲Ϣɫ֮࣬ת˫飬Ȼսڼۿͳ׸ĥҪҪ׸
κΣȻɲʱǣϢһ𱬣֮һκȻɢһƲеһǾϮ£
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¡Ǳһɿ֡
ҸɣأһְҵûСߴŭɼĴϹµµĹ˱ļˤǰץסһʯڡ
һȫ˫ִѪģˡ۵ó鴤ѣ޺޵ؿһսһۣһɽ£תʧɽС

һá߸пʱȴ˿֪Ǵع︶һʲôĳŵŻӪȡ
ڴ˵ؾ粻̫Զˣߺܿھ֮һĹ⾰һ
һߺȻһʬףٲȻ֪˭ɱߴɿع
Լһһǧʿ¾ɾʬѻɽѪϪһ
ȷ磬ȴҲȲȥǹŨŨѪζĬĬȻؿЩʬ壬ޱ飬鸴ӳصĻڡ
ޱǿҵĲУĵ׵ȫ


366 磬ټ
硣
ԱһĿǰʱ̱һƴơ
˽ڱϮҡҷȴڿ񱩵ķзɳʯ
ããĹ磬بŲһأǻɫǽҲһ˿õľɫ
һǰһ߰ѾᵽߡڵʬɽѪƲΪ˼벻ɱʲô˶֣
ϣһɺϣıǾζţͷ
ڱޣʱ˵ͷ٣ǣҶǣȻռҺؼҲδظģõĸھеʱ򿴲͸ºδؾͿˡ
ȻĿĸӣԴᡣ
ȻɱԼˣռҺؼɵ۵֣ҲᡣҶҵΪıҲˣ¶֣ȴδػôɣ׻ڴɵĵء
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ԷԺǿ
ǧܣ꣬СۣɣһߣΨпԼ
ɺսûɽϣҲûʵϡƾ⼸ˣһûܱסأȥò찡
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˵ǧǲߣûʵôһͼսǲĴ߲ܵŰ
ͷβ߶ûϽȥ

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һӷɿĴڹɳޱȾȵĻ㱨߾Ȼ˹磡
ӴޣƳȻµ߻ӹ뿪ɡ
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ʾ⣺˶ټΧĪҪߵ
ܵĲϬ磬ȴҲϣҲڣЩʱִԼӦ˴⣬ҪϬᱻˡ
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Ϊ˺ܶԵɣ߱
Įĵȴµʮ˺ܿ¼һڴ󣬵ȴԶײ
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ɫ΢䣬¶Ци֣ĪҪΪɵǳ԰׷ģҲĪҪΪ˶ǰ衣
ǵһķߣһ߻иֱǣһߡЦδѵá
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ߵĿ⣬ɨӣԷɿٶȴԨ

߳ĬĮΣ߲թƳ˵ƽҵҪ㻹ʲô
˼תһԲȻһʱ벻취һЦɵͱ˰֮ϡ
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Ȼ̧ͷһһ˲ǻҵʦʦһʽеʽġ
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ñһذըͷĿѣ˼ɫȻɵȻˡ˵һš
ԭȻġݶʱЦɱ㣬Ȼģ
ǳЦջĵͳҵ˼ǣߣû֪ǵϡһ˴Ŀ¶һֹŹ֣￩һ¡
Цʮ޲ЦЦױȵĳЦߣһѵףǲֱ˴˵ģΨһܻԵʣû˽ģǶԿ࣬Ǳһģ
ЦΪǣһΪ湴Ķǣ
Ц죬ĪҪ˵ҳΪҲᱳѱ˴ˣ
ɫȻɭ䣺㻹ʲôУʹɡ
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һԵȣ£Ī뿴ǰ
µ˵һըˣʱͨ죬˻ߴ󺰣ߣڹ㣬Ҫ򣡡
ҧĵ׵ĻɽһͻͻԾ


367 ս飡ܶܶս
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ҧסأֱ£һ˿һ˿Ѫ˿һ˿˿ѿһŲסԾĻ档
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һУڶҪ򣡰ߣǧҪ򣡡
˻ߵĿڹĴлתֻۡµڳȪһסӿ
ꡣһԵĶˣȴŲʵŭߣҧгݵĿ𣺡ߣʦʦ㲻ҪʦĻѵҲ
߻ҡͷֱȻЦʦӺѿ֪Ҵû㵱ʦҵĽ㣬߸񡭡
֪֪ģǺһߣסߣǸͽܺȻһ»ˣ˵ǽԶ
ƴĨȥᣬһϣһͿһʱѵףҪ˵ʲôʲôһĽ֡
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ߺëըĵ׵ŭ·ϣڵһֱӡ
ؿһۣתȻǹһҸҹǳܲģ
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⶷־ŭХߵ֣һϮµĲӡʯ֮ʣؿ꣡
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һգ۵ı仯Ǿŭһŭ̧־һһ¡Ůս鷢һǲҺʱΪһʧ
ӣԲ
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žߺȻһңһӾͱˣһӿհˡ·һֻҰķߣ
Ŀ⣬̧־һϡãȻһµɳȥֺҰһĳ
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տĹУʱصǳĿЦһϷŪ衣

һȺһΧȻڽв˵ʩŰ裬ԼΧۡЦͺһһѵĵĵ԰κһ˵ݻٴ
ֻ뿴һۣߵˮȪһסð˿ʲôޣʲôһļŮ˦ʱûޣʱ޸ƨ
һһŵŮ̱ʱ򣬾˹˾Ǯһ仰û˵ˣһ߸̱Ʋ㶼û޹ʱ޸ƨ
˻һмҪһġ
ȻʱһӲһ£ĿȳһѪ
һźţߺȻֳֹͣѭĿеĻɽȻĲ±ߡ
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˵ûи֣һ룡˵ҿ˵ԱҲֻһ롣
ɱĿХ֮𺳹磺û㹻ǣǾû֪ʲô
ޱɱУǵĿϤͫ׷ŵ޴󣬷·𿴼һֲ˼£
۾ĴڣʱǶԵģÿһ˵۾͸¶ȻĿ⣬Ϥڶʲô
ս飡ܶܶս飡


368 սŭ
Ϣģģζ˲С
ĴХΪ׵ΪͣȴһķУеһĪ͸壬ɼս
ʲôеġ
ս顣Ǻܶս顣Ǻܶܶս顣
Ȼս飬ίʵֵþȡкܶߣΪʶʺӵս飬ȴҲкܶӵֻֻ߰ս顣
սһ㶼ϡϡ档ǣȻǺܶսأ
ӿһХһ˵ıŭ˵ı룬ùĴ綼Ϊ֮˱ᡣ
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ܿ죬ƽɳԾŰ


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ĳһɽ
䡭䡣
һĺľڹɪɪ
ˮಣӵ뻳ůߣһЩ᲻ѵĦ棬ǵĵסߵĶͷΪʲôء
㰡Ҿûôͽܡһߵţһȴֻĵʹ
ӵ뻳һᣬºܿоԣߵ²䣬ʼùһִ߶ͷ̽̽̾ʧ롣
߷ˡƾͼأ˼أǲ֪˶ٹͷƲǽֹסͳַˡ
ôһЩ߾һֱԣֻżһԵСʱգǼֱǻ͡
»ҲðǲסķԸҪ侲侲һЩ
ֻ֮£һʱģһЩȬƣҲǷһѪŻ°סĿڣѪɫİŴϢ
˻Բ±ҲءһᣬȻ벻һ˿һİ취
ߺ󷴳ӣ²סĲȥʱǵİ취Ҫһ˱һĻһǾˡ
·ųһֻս飬ȻһᣬʾȥһЩҩݡ
һսµΪƶˡʦôǰһƽ⣬ѡ⿪ĵһƣսΪġ
ǹ磬εģ±ѡԱķʽ
䡭䣬ʦ
ߵʹڶߣסרһĽһս顣ɵⱾóģʣµһָ
ߵĺһ֮ʹ϶ģ˿Ҫһʱڰѵڶƽ⿪
һϲųս顣һֻҽս飬ǰҩʦ֮
ǣӦþ˭Ǹ£ӦԾȣܾ߱ȻߡǣЧǾͲг嶯ˡ
¼붼û룬һʾսߣսΪ߻סƺͲ顣
ҿսһЧʹֲУȻһſھתĿһ˫ϲú͹еĿ⣬ʦ
ѣУԼΪƣҡʾ⡣ȴһ˺һľʹʹȥڴϢһǣүӣˡ
ԨƮȻãȻѣĵ¡Ԩ̾߹ȥһСΪ嶷
ӿڣ¾Ȳѣæϥһٳƣͨ
һͷ粻֪ʱһڵϣֲˡ
һȴǰ˿Σһܶźõķչˡ
ʱһֻսɽץһҩݡ¶ʱϲ񣺡ߣģǻûµģ
յãȻૣʦãһȣ޴ڡ
¶ʱ࣡

ǣ
лϴ󣬴غͶ֮ǲݺɾ֮䣬˵˵ԶԶ֮㹻һЩϢˡ
ߣɣ˻ʡͺһ飬˿Уһ
˻ʵϢʲôˡȻ鱨úͽӪȴײǰ衣ǣݵĸҲС
֮ԳΪΪΪ˺öڶȻ֮ȴ⣬ų⳯͢
ɱҶ֮սϿ֮սߴӴޡߵĲֵϸҲܿ
һܻţΪ߳ûã̫㷺ݵҪⶼǾֻ˵Ϲһ˫˫Ĺۡ
鱨ӳٵġ
Ϊ׵һǵãγɱȵľ档
ʱлϴʹΪ׵ãӲͷƤӦԡƾж죬ȷ̬ǰѹʵǰҲ벻취
࿴һۣп಻ѡǰεţǷֱǰȴǶΪҪǣȻڶˡ
ΰҪˣ
ڵһɫƵˣָĪҪ˵Ǹߣõߡ
һһЦƷسø߹٣ᵹƽơĳҪһʣʲô˼ʲô˼
лϴĬȻغͶ֮ҲߵĴ㡣
һ֮Ϊʵûж˿ۡΪ壬˵һ㣬ںֻܶҪģӲ練ơ
ǰлὨһȡȻ˻ʱ٣˭޷˻ʣǿɣҲòǵɺ
ҵļ֮زӭ͢ˣҪô˳ݣҪôԶ֡
ؼһòܶǰҪһ£ǿЦλĪҪ̫УҼǴӱӳģλжš
ΰϴΪȴ˵Ƶ۵Ƶ۳ţýƹӪ
ƿԣлϴλĪǵûأ
ڵڵҪôݣҪôǵʬͳݣ·ˣԼѡ
ؿЦǰҪˡ
лϴȻһӣվȻҪʹҲþǶ١
һЦ˵Ǽࡣ˵˵ȥҪ֣ǾͲ֣
һХһϮʮһתۣϤԾȻԼְѸΧ
лϴһһ𣬺¡һ¡תۼ䣬̫࣬ԾǮƵҲһԾ

¡¡ĽսһתۣǮĿһ˿ϢлϴһͻϮ
лϴһʱǮһе֣ƺ˵أŭǮƣ㾹Ȼã
ǮЦѣҴͲԼõˣĪҪˣ̲ҵİᡣһԸˣиõ·Һαһ
ǮҪһնɱлϴԾȴƮȻһǮϴ󣬾ԼˣҲν´˶֣
Ǯ俴ԾϴĪ㻹ͶãǾԹˡ
Ծü˵ͶͶиѡǮƿǳޣԾһǱȹ˳õģߵϢȴϣǰ̡
ǶǿĹ֮һܳţлʵʮأԾܿδ
̫ȻǹԪǿҲֻǣһڡȻȴڣһһԪ
̫ǿոԱǣסһȥǿսôмܵס֣ܿ¶
ñȲǨһĺս⾰ȻõΧһҵ
ʲôˣֹڣɫŭУŲҺ
һṳ̃һ߽ȻһȲĶˡ
һŭ⣺ʲôˣҷڰ£Ǿá
ʱһĨɫۣɡȻŭƱȥһɫ䣬ֻһ
һ½ڣȵؿⳡսҡͷʵãߵãƵߣ


373 粨
ǧܣСۣ꣬ɡ
һ˹Ȼ룬һڵɫ䣬ؿɡһ־
ôҡߵĵ̣ˣǧܲ첻ѡ
СüñΧ˭õˣ
ĺңΧãñƲˣֲܷ߿еҪݵ㣬ֻƴֿ
һĹⶼġ
֮͵̬Ȳ̤̬ȡһŭǹˣֻ¶ɱ˵ĳ嶯ˡ
غͶ֮ˣ˭֪ߺͰйϵϲǰߵã
ɡµİһ㣺ˡ
СۿһˣһХ𺳣ס֣
һȣһڵ޲ȻһɡһɫĹâѵˮƵӹƽһԴһ£űһɫĽɱ
СۻẰһɤӣжɣǾֱӷɱˡ
һëȻĹͷһ粽һΰǰ赭дһݳ·ˮУࣵһ
ΰֻʴ󺧶ȥһ̧ͷȴһʱˡ
һڵȴǰ꣡
δ䣬С۲ͷһϰյУһգжʱһǿվµ̸еɽһĿֲѹ
ƺһһ׹
Ҫɱǧܹһˣνɱ䡣ڣлҪʣλ֡
һޱȵĸ£ĵˣؿСۺͰֻ꣬⵽Ǵʲôطðڣ
Ȼһۿһֹũظеɲ⡣
ǧܵɨһۣ޲Ȼָָأ㣬ߵãǷʲô
ز֪ũǺηʥЩˣ֪ǱƵĹԱá
Сۼ˻һۣǷѽ⣺ҪʲôΪβߣ
ŭؿһˣԼࣺ˵ңɶҡ
Сӡǧҡͷһĸ֣ǱƸ߹٣Ȼ֪Ϊο֮أ̫ˡ
ǿƮͰ껥ͷ⡣ͳ˹ǱɱõĶ֣ɱˣҪ
һڵĶ֣ƴ׼껹˵Ȼײкɱ֮ˡ
ǧܺȻɫһˡҿ

һᣬҵ
һҽһ糾ƣĳ㵵ؿߵĶ״æлϴʹؼǰ
лϴȻȡһţɨһһˣһ۰СۣŽлϴ
лϴɫõؿ꣬Źֵ̧ͷ죬˻ʲôԸ
СûߵĽ˷ԸȻڶ䣬ȻСڣǱС۴Ϊ֣ƽ
СۣһɫҰףŵɢĿڼɨӡ
һ˼лϴŽءسԾѣǰĽ꣺ǰһ֮
꿴꽻СۣͷãߡСۿ˿Ҳͷ˱ʾ
ǧ̾˿ϹͷҪһˡ
òʶǧܣȴϵСۺͰ꣬˿˷ܲѡӵһս֪׸Գûһ
ھս֮ǰ׼·ߣһֱӻݣõİ취Ǻɵۺͽ⡣ģ߹硣һ磬һ߾ͱҪơ
ߵû뵽ᷢѣȿǵСѾͷǱߵľ̫ΣδܼʱӹϻǲдԷһ
ŵݺܼ򵥣ڱʱ򣬹ϽӦСѾͷ챱вݡһһͻҲǰһ¡
Ӧ覼вݣȻ󣬲ƽһͳݡ
ʵԷһĺ֡¼չܶ£òȣСѾͷɡ
ѵҪΪ˼һᣬʱСۺͰ꣬ɨֻڵݣˡ
ǧܵɨһۣô
껺İνҲ˵ˣͲ⡣
СüҲ֪ʲôܹҪֲС
ǧ΢ЦôɱӺͺˡһ٣Ѫɫһˣ˭ֻ
׹һŭ𣺡϶ĪҪǶɡĻȻֹ
ǧܵĽͷ̧֣ĵָڽϡ˼Ͻ׵Ľ̺һѡ
Ȼ󣬼ǧܷһ𡣱ѻ͵ϤڶѪģĵЦЦˣֻ
ۣһɫһ˿֮ģ̱ùĿ⿴ȥ
ͳʵʲôˣ
ڣڣһ־ɳƿ
ɫɡ˵㣬ɡȻƿʧһȥȥ
ǧ΢ЦĴϷͽܣҪô˳ãҪôǸСӳ֣·ѡ
·ѡ
⻰죬һӲȻֻ֮Īڴˡѡ
Ծһ˷ܵЦ⣬ɫǮƣֻⱲǵľˡ
һ˵󲻴˵ССķ粨һ˵ľʵ
Լһʱ󣬰귵֮ʱϲѪƺͷӴûˣ

硣
µΪƱӴսҲȻӭж⡣
ߺϣȱֵҩӿߵƺͲ飬Ȼɫ
ڰҩ֮ʱ׵½ӣս㣬ڹЩˣҲˡȻһֱʴɺܴĴˡ
¡ջء°һۣɫôߡҪߣҲһߡ
ľЦǰǰջˣճɰ׳ˡ٣ɶ³ڹ磬һסڵڣ뿪ˡ
һչ̽ͷ㲵¶ϲãտҪˣͷ𡣡
ȴǶãֻ˵û£֮ǰˣȻͲôùˡһֱء
Ķ²ʣߵͷΪץ
߿Ƿҩƺתļ󣬿оڶץʱ̲סɵĪҪץӣҶˡ
ӡֵץܿץץɫȻùŹ
ѽѽĪҪĿֱⷢĴ󺰣棬вλץҪˡͯӾа
ɻ󣬼һᣬȻѽһ¾ࡣ


374 ˮ
һһعȥ
ߵԴɫ̤ȬĹһһĺת
µɫһ԰׹һ죬ǰļʱѾǽѪɫͷ·Ҫ֮ˡ
˽֮ల޴£Ϊ˽ѳ棬ڹҲѴ̫á
һһʴ壬Ȼ󣬴ݻܡ
ѵصʱ򣬽̹پͲֹһǿĿ¡ǲ£ƺ󸴻սʧ
ȴܴ̫ãΪߣȻڹ綺ˡ
ۼ㲲԰ףĵ߾Ī˵˵Ȱ˵뿪һЩʱա
쳣ζ쳣ġһֱˣʻǾ͸ӵĿ﷦ζ
ոһգѣһϬҲǽԽԽ˵֮Ҳ˵ĻԽԽ١
Ǳ˴˿ˣǹ̫ˣĹ˾ûһɫʸ㣬·ʲôǻɫġ
ˣҶҪɫˡ߷ģǿ˵ɫäġ
°һۣͻ˵˵
һ²£ֻǾѣϷԵζһʱ㱣˵֮ս
յģһβգŹصġȻ֮ս߱ĸо䵱յĵεΣͷӿһԺĸо
һ֣˷ϣ㵱Ϊһ㣬ҲԲеġ߲ϣϡ
塢趡ս
ɶȵʿӡ½е֧սȫû
ƾս֧սǣסˣҲǣס
̵һգȴǸ߻ζ࣬һսҪǣġ
ģ
ߺս£ӱܣܲͲıܡֲǺ¶ݵˣȭҲ̨ɣƵġ
ӽߵʱˡ
ĬĬظʱǴĳڶʵдաɱֳ֣춨ţ޷
ǲ֪ΪΣӻɱһ̣߻šɱģһԲܻܵˡ
ٴһ̿ʼӵκսˡ

ãء
һ۸һֻҰĸо߻ȥݸʲôأ
ߣ֪ҵˣλؼҶֻ£ܾöԲǡ
񴥶һ£ǿЦǾͻؼҰɡ
ؼҡȥˣһܳ𣿡Դ𣺡ɲߣߣռҲߡ
Ʋ죺£ʱðˡꡭܻ̾꣬ܳۺͱ̬κˡ
°һۣ֣Ϳս࣬Ը˸ء
߳ԵŶ˵գҪ뿪磬ȻһƲסḶ́ץס֡һľ͵
µĶһĨΣȻӶ·ɫīˮܿմȾݣ·Ϧ˺ϼһޡ
û˦ҵ֡񣬰ԼɵͯһһЦս㣬ҵսֻһս
ߺߣȻܸӥʿҾҿһľ񰡣һܶһٸ
֪ΪΣһץס֣ߵĻȻ߶߶ޱ߼ʵĶһһ£ĩ˵СѾͷʱǵ֪ǷӦСѾͷ
һһСѾͷûء
תͷϲ
Ȼôɰ򡣸˭˭أȻϲſһ˵Ȼɫпһ£Է󣬼æŮ֮ϲءһСƨء
һʱŲԵҶŮ֮ϲءһڣͿˣΪʲôһСͯеĳأ簡
µʱͱ˻ƣתֻûãϱҲεģʱȻĶоĴչȥһå˭͡
´ƵŤͷüЦЦأ
ߺȻһЦºһۣϾ߿ˡ߼ιȴһƵٳˣʹԴ⡣
ʹĪ߸裺ŶŶŶ˯ߣŶŶŶԽս
ĸ£ɫûɫʵ裡

߸衰˯ߡҲʼûٶʲô
Ȭһӣһ߲סοģˣҲˣսء
ΪӣҪȥ˵Ҳȥõĵҩءôɡ
߶߶ĸ˵һЩķֿ߲֪ʲôطͳ־ѧүƴҡλ͡
ߵûӰˣһƨڵϣƴԼҶ⣺ɫûɫĻ쵰ô㶼֣㻹˼Ϊ𡣡
һ·һߣһ߷߿ĶʵڵӰź㣬㣬޵ࡣҪң޲Ķ
һԴӣһȡͼͼǴˮĸģð˴ɾԼһЩΧĴµڡ
Ǵɾ⡣ݵĹָͷ˰죬ҡͷҪսʱܷݡ
ʹడɰôطһġ
źڹƮ
߻һ£һսƮȻ֣˳ߵսȫûˣͿӪˡ
ġ˳ǲǰŸģһЦ׳Ļش߿ЦĻ
ʱҲжĥһᣬһСɽ£ϵĶǴɵŪĶͱ˰֮һֱûŪ׵ı
һʢڱƽĽУСһ֧âС
һҲһУȴȽ⣬һƵĻغӡߺ¶Σͷǰûȥо
ʱȬһ룬ҲпˣʱоϸĵĹ۲죬ϱߴһᣬƲѣ˳а취𣿡
򵥡˳çײˣȴץžһˤʯͷϣ߶ʱˣǼˣɶҲˤˡ
ǧŪˣٻʵ۵ء¹ʲôƾɵۣҲһƷˡ
ԹӹȻˡ߳ԾĿѵĺУȻ¶һĶ
ĴǣٿľмһźƾƤĶ
ʱ˵һ춯һէȻߵĸ첲ˣ
һѵɫ·һڵŤһŤɲ˼ĽǶȣˢˢķһֶص¶
ĿɿڴϢβźһɣ
ˮˮ


375 սƪ
ˮ
Բд٣иԵ֮꽣ص˵ǽʡȡ֮ľԵϢ
ֽСͽȡ֮ص㣬һؽý𽣡ȡ֮ԣâһ񲻿ɵ𽣡ȡ֮ԣΪֲ
٣ɫǹꪶ켶ǣΨһܹ־˻ȵģܶģֻСˮ
ˮһˡ
ɱɵ۵һ߱ĵˮˣˮƲףͺټһʱỹûطŪ⡣
̵룬һλˣֱӾϵˮˣٺ١
Ҫȥãȴĵˮ·һһ£һָˡߴŭƷǿңһžСһá
ãҪ߼رʯͷŵˮҾ㰡õıǲ㡣
ˮƺмһ£ߴŭʯͷڽϣ㣬ᵽΪֹ
ȻһýɵƲΰܲܰⶪɣҲ߶ʮһסıʯͷҡ
ˮƨûУ˰죬ȥãһɿ֮ȴû̫ķӦˡ
Ҫϰƽ̾͵Ƥߵȥˡͷ֮ʣݣãҲ㡣Ϊʰ㡣
ΰͦԵƽУǰһ£һѽԣݵʲô硣
һС⽣о죬ǲ²ʲô̾һԷˡ
΢Ϣ̤ϵ·
Ź¶ӰʮպһطһܷɽҵһǰǿܻʱΪսµķĹ
ӣɶȵʿ壬趡
һŵķĹΨһİοǣǲµİ粢µб˴顣
أǷµЦ⣬ĿעӷĹ֪ǲҲǻصˣҲؼˡ
ң߻һ£ЦЦ˾ܻصǸжءҵϣܻҵʲôطҲܻȥֻ֪λá
ķɽȵļз촵졣
ĬȻսǵһһĹ߹ģ֪ҲһսҲҪмˡ
İɣҲµģкܶ˺սءЦ˵ˣҿɱѾκսˡ
Ҷ˵ߵʱˡ
Ȼʵһ㣬ҵһȰɣܿˣһͻƳġ
ˡˡ߼ŭŷ˦첲ƺƵģҪˣҪˡҲҪˡ
תĹϵַ·һս飬ĿעԶȥ֪ΪΣȴҲһЩȻ͹µ
Ĳˡϵ·ءͷҲصİڰ֡
ߵɽСȻûͷлᣬһǡ

ɱ
ߴһϼүս£ӿɵ
һҪǿĹսɣȻڹ磬ûʯܰսˡĥʵڹ磬ϼ͵ս
Ես飬ս飬Ҳɹ飬Դ෽ʽѸ׳Ϊ
ûٹ򣬽гԣʱ䡣
һս佫һ⣬Ϥսֻʣ£Ԩϼ͡ƲԼ½Ρ˳ǲǰŸģΨһӪˡ
Ĵƽս飬Ĺս飬һ佫ս顣ĿǰˣһɫǾؼս顣
þؼҪʯͲһСˡսΪԽߣʯԽӴ󣬾ٺҲŲס
ǣսͻƵð취Ȼɹ顣ߵĵս飬һݷʽǾɱս顣
һˣһָսɹ»Ұ
Ȼףܼͻս飬ƽǰûƣôˡ
½ΣʱųԨϼ͵ս鼼ʵЧĥԼλɣıͻơ
ʵͷս飬һЩ𹻸ߣս鼼ȴúáս飬Ƿãײˣ̵ĸоȻˬ
д˳ĵͼƻûȬ֮ǰܽĺսֻһЩ»Ұĵط
ˮƳɵĹͼɾڣԼ൱ľⷶΧҴ̽ģע˳ڣԼΡ
һݺмֵĹͼҪȥһܸߵļ۸ء
Ȼͼп϶ĲֲɵӣȻǾı䲼ġ
ʱ˵ԵûУʱ䲻١һɱ»Ұһ߾ڹߣһĲ
̶һȻɵĶǵͼĹ飬żս飬ҲϼүӽͻΪнס

һˣһϸ˼ߵľƣݵľơ
һһȰ磬ⶺ硣۲ãƵطʵûһֵȰĵط
ʵȲѵԵʣҲɵҲãҲգɱضǺ޲ð߸ʬΡǣʱ߾͵һһŵݡ
¹ȥδڸʲôһ׼ǲ߶ʮһŪѾ˵ôɻ㽲Ц
ʱݣǾáһӹɣ߲룬û׼٣㲻ûἫȲҪƤŪ
رһĴ㣬ɶ벻ɵȥһǿĵ߾ûúƵٴｨ衣
֪Ƶôһߵ˹զ죿
ޱʵû֮أһҲӹɵġҪ̣ŪŹ֣ǱƵŰ
սҪΪˣ߿ֻҶڹ硣ս飬ֻ൱Ͷ磬Ӧˡ
߽ģҪսﵽ¸֧սŻ뿪硣
һתۣ¹ȥˡ
ߵϢ˿֪緢ʲôһһս顣
оƺ߰˰ˣǡöԹ飬Ҳ൱Ч߾ȥս̫ˡ
һһפص㣬һ֮󡣹˳Ӫ׼
һ߽ҲսǣУһĿ
ƾʱյı죬˵һ֮£ͺȻһƬһƬĹ¡ҲۣͼսûжЧ
ŭҲǸϼүһС˰ˡ
νȣ˵ľߡȥڹ磬һ˧ǱΣȴѾԿˡ
ȻһµĹ̫Ӵ߻ûս֮ǰҲɵóȻǡ
ɵһɹɹһֹװӪ
ӪװĿǰȴֻܴõĿףͨĹ
Ȼȴ֪һܺõĿˡսδĳһϯޣһȫµƪ¡


376 
زãһ塣
һҺȻ죬˷ŭʱͺ䶯˷Բʮ
ĹΪˮȻһ֧սΪսζ˾ùԿơ
飡
ŭײһ𣬵һٲȻײһǽȻҷһսٶȲ죬ȴ൱ɫĲһһƽ
Ĺսǰս¹˧ʱ鴤˼£ܲԷ֧սΪձΪнڤȽ¹ƷƷ䣬ȻҪǿһߡ
¹˧ŭԶսĵз˧ƾ˭еŭķŭʵǴе
ӴԼһǰ¹˧ͳϽķڣ˱Ϯ
΢һ˿ѿž߱һǡˣСսλҪܵͳ൱һֻӵͼС೤
ϣıʵԼҵĵ
һͳϽһǧɹһ˧£дԼһ˧ԼͳϽǧһʮ˧ͳϽԼ
൱񻯾磬ʵҲûٷֱˡ𣬹ڣۣ־ܿ
ԣһͳϽʮԼʮһ־ֱӳ߰ˡ֪һµĹжôӴ
Ϊսλ᲻ɹȥǾҪձ˵ڸڵڣùΪ塣
¹˧ôɵģȻһǰȴ˹Ϯ¼Ȼ󣬺Ȼǰգ͹·
ΣȴֵԼˡ൱ǵ¹˧Ĳ̫ףʲô൨ӾȻ֮ѵͲ±ĹΧ
֪ˣԷ£ΪԷֵս
¹˧кܲĸоͺעҪˡۿսԼǧͲһǧսսһ
˵Ӧǹ߱ơƫƫȴֹŹֵĸо
սͳ˧һ꣬ĿƵϸĹ۲սÿһ˿һı仯׽ȻתΪԼͳѧʡ
Ȼߣ߲ڻһɹ뺻ʵָ
ھ£սڵȵȣ߶Ϥĵרѧϰսǻ˽ˡ֪֪ҪתΪʵãס
ҲóȻΪԼǾˣûо츳ܹҪսʵﵽĳ̶ȣʧǾһϸͳ˧ˡ
սΪĿǰսһɫǲ˽ӵĲսսսϣǾԲ岻ֵģΪһδͳ˧һЩǱҪĵġ
߾ԼûʲôĻ򣬲ȴҲףΪߵĹϵս͵սкܴ
ڴɾĶһǲ̫ˡ
û˵һ˾ܹһ¾ݵ㣿ۼһ־㹻ˣҲżսĳ̬

ϸĹ۲죬ѧϰѸսı仯ԼʱϵĲ׽ϤתΪԼĶ
˿˳ӪֻҪǵװͲˡ
˳˷ܵظصߺӪҳ
߰ӪųơȻûпףȴƽһһӡĲȳǧƣ
СߵͷҡͷԼҵ⣬ʵȽƫƾĻ͹ƫˡ
¹˧һۿӪƣɫʱͱˣæһԤӾ
˳һ˿һȣץȻһȥʱͺɱһþս飬ȹ˧Ҫǿһֵܵģ
ǺģӪԲ赲ͷƺֱײ̹һڼᶨ˷ָǿУһһɱȥٶȲ죬ȴ·ǧ˸е޷Կ
ۿӪһٻԤӣӲʱ򣬾ͷӮˣ
ţҪġۺʱεأһҪò˼˿ûʶڱ仯սЩѾ߱Ļˡ
Ӫñ̹һɱֿһᣬ̾ͱ
ıܿ͵ɢңӦһѸ
¹˧˳նɱսܿͽˡ
ϸĻζһᣬԸȥİ׸˱ʰо֡
ǴԼһǰģԼʱĴԼһǧ׸˱ļϽս飬ս̸ϣʤڰ׸˱ıƹ
˶ð£Զһġûа׸˱湥ûӪĲʤ
˼һᣬЦˡһܺʵ󣬲ǲ
Ϊ˧ǻǲһЩɡܿȱľǱ仯ǳ֣Ҳ±ߵĹ˧ȱ㹻ǣ޷ʵ֡
һ˧µĹĿףӪװ
ĥһ£ʱȥӦʦˡ

ϣû£
»ޱģ»ص磬Լĵصȴ
һģǴĵҩԼڴʳȵȣ㹻ڹꡣȴҲ㻨ߵʮƱŵ
ҳôǮʣһã徳ǾԵ˷ѡΪ⣬ҲΪ⡣
񻯾ž£ֻҪǮҵġûʲô߿ͻƶҪˡ
ͽܣµľһЩ˵Ĺ죬һСۣҲһС꣬һСӣһСŮ˰ôӵء
ûˣĸˡ³ĬȻӿٶȡ
϶µʱδȬߣֻ˵ǣʴȥȿ˵ҲȷҪʣ˳̽̽ߵϢ
ߺߣͽΪʲôռ˵յ룬֪ΪΣһЩ˵ԵеƺԷ
Լĵص㣬½ǲĵȴ죬߳ʲô¡
ǹ磬ͺһԶ֪ʲôʱ¥һˮĪҪ˵һߣ񻯸ҲǾս
һ⵹ùײһɵۣǾ˲ˡ
ߵʱߵӻˣľ
ںȻһֵĿдԼһЩ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ȼվڸߴȥȴһ֧һľӣһкȻѪ߰ߣ͸¶Ǳս
䣡뻮һĽŲһ˵ĽŲٵһƽ
²ЦĺϲըˣЦؿ֧ƽ
Ȼ¿һվüЦûһңңкʦˣһս빮ˡ
ûĵ⣬µȴһĵҫϲͻϲףͻᵽ׵Цݸˡ
ŮңңӶЦ
ȻգҫůůģҲǷá


377 ˼
ơѩ
ѩ֮ʣǺһЩʧ޵ϷӸѹˡǶǺõģ˵ƸضһЩ˱ķѹ
ǵİջ˵Ҳ¡
ڱưĴʵͼΣ൱ɫعٸܿ֯Թ⡣£ٸ궼ҲǼˡ
˵ЧԼ棬ƸеٮٮߡȻǰЩû۵ʱƾʲôΪǿľһָۺϹ
ѩͨϵİռǵãʮǰйһ˷ǳѩĲʹһŻȻǰǴѩҪһ㡣
һ˵ľиˡһǰһЩ£ǺȻ𣺡ǰǾǿˣƽʲôġ
ˣǰһߵ꣬ˡǿɱ˹ĴָȻֺͿˣǸǰ֮һأΪξûϢˣ
Ī˰ɡʢޱԼһţЦǰţڻʣ¼
ǰЩıһţһʱŪˣһûΪȴûʲô
һûϢߣУֻΪ׵ڼɿ졣
Ϊͻͽ˵ѾǶˣʵһԾΪһ֮סԶʮͣжν޾ףâ䡣
һһʽûһʲôɲм˵Ϊһһġ
߳𣺡֪ƨǰǸ߲Ǳâġģʽǰĵϵ£ǰƽѶߵĴ󹦡
˵Ҳ벻ߣһ˵ŵļ乴һ˵һϧϧˣǰĿΪ࣬ϧǲ֪ΪΣûϢˡ
˵ǰǰߣڰмֱһ档̶̰ɳ䶯ƵĴ£Ȼûġ
üɫʱ򣬲ԶǣþòųĬţһ˹ĵǸߴȴˣܣ߰ɡ
ʽصסȭͷɿ·
ռ񣬸ġ궼ˣҲ˴
˳ţʽ˸ԵŴСĶһ·ֱȥ
۵ٶȲ죬ĺȻܣģû¡ʽصͷ
һ·ߣȴǿһ굥һˣؿűЩݣ˵Ĺ¶塣
ʽؿ꣬еһЩ졣Ժһ£ȻͲˡ
һֱϼӣʽ伸̤ŵʱ涼ϲЦݣ壬Ǹˡ
֨һ´򿪣ЦкƤǶˣˣϽġ
ƤСĺ³ڳæˣʱСЦŸߵнѾءǣ
ʽ伸ЦѵͲ
΢ЦȻ궼ڼңҲûȱůء


Ȼһŭ⣺ȥ
ŮлԼȥûȥ߼ͺܲˡֿҪˣôҪȥһΡĵȰ˵Ů
ΨһŮҵĽʮǶˣƾ˾ڸ;ԺҲʵ۶ټܲ
˲̫ŮһֱߺҪãΪκȻͱأ
˵ޱؿŮʾȻݣȻſžǿһŮȥң
ҧס԰׵촽۲۵İˡ
ˣ˵Ϊβȥһֱܺãδ
ҡͷб֮ɫŨ㲻Ҽ޸αȥҰݷá
üۼ޲ޣҪˡ
ֻĵ峺۾УỨ߱һδΣѵǰߣû谮
ǣѵ𣡡
ɫ࣬ŭ죬ŭ˼£žǿһŮշһ̾Ϣһ̾ĸӣ
һĹﰡ
ʱϼУе֣ҲǷڣµϵ
һȺӵڳЦ𼸸ĳȥǹˣôƤ
ƤСĺٺٵ壬ǹ٣ҲءṆ̀Ҳиһ㣬ʱء
ЦȥȥȥһСõģ̸ÿûٸϵ
³˺ʽһɫһµ壬аߵϢˡ
ڷɿв˵ϣȻһһָͷŶһֱϢҲɡ
βһ³ص˵

ʽĬǰھһЩս̸ʵһЩǵġ˵ûߵϢǼٵġ
ǰڴɴ칬⳯͢߹ٻꡣĪҪ˵նһЩ²֪飬ǲٹԱĶء
ǰ죬ڵôɺ͸·ȻڴɺսĹؿڣİȾܡ
磬ڼǧڹʬ𼣣һȻ󣬾ʹûߵϢ
֪ںεأɶ޲ðΪͷͨ޲ðѻ񵱴ֱȫ綼Ҳ
߾ͺ˼ˡ
һֱԼǰһȺڹ̽Ҵ̼ʱ򣬾˵Լһߵꡣ½һЩ߶ƿòߵꡣ
ɽӪݣһһڹûҵˡҲңҲûûһˣû֪䡣
ͣ˵ɿİгͷҲ᣺³ˣ˵
³ǰһɵڹʱ򣬺һĶ귢ͻȻɱ˲ˣһߡ
ϺȻʵԷжٸ֣ɱ˼ʲôطǸжԶ
һԪߵľǹԪ𡣡ʽƶϣԼλڱϲƺ޷ǰɽԶ
Ϸ²˵һ˸ԲϷͷ¡ϳһ᣺һεõϢǶˡڻǶͻƣȻ
³˵˻ȻһԵҪǰǰѴɱձúˣûΪడ
ڴĿ⣬ҡͷ̫ԶˡǰﲻͿԼˡ
ƤСĺȻһЦҲδءһ߸ء
ϾȵؿˣÿһĿⶼһĺٺֱЦֻҡͷЦ鱨߸߸ȥ
ʽ伸صͷ߸򣬿ƺǰߵΨһѡء
üһᣬ⣬еͨвͨһԣĪҪ˽Դ鱨߱޷ɡ
߸ҥݵã


378 
ɣ⡣
ɵλøΪຮΪ䣬һ䱱ǡô
ȼľ̿ͷŷͬһůʮ㣬¶ǡô
ͷڱʮǰμˮµڹ磬·һԼĪʮˣμˮ޼ɵս飬ͻ
˿ິʩչ½ɱʣһԪܵУӶݡ
һעΪһֵĺᣬ֮࣬ΪƣƣƲΪҲ޼֤òȷ䣬˾ʧߡ
Ȿһݼ򱨵ģȴķ飬һݾڣҲ㹻жôˡ
ûνʮͨ߾Ǵͨ͸ߵļƾɱʵۡһ㹻ˡ
Ҫǿɵͨжһ˼Ƚթգ
߹ˣ˵թˣײˡϱⱲӼûаһɱ˶ء
ߡ
һеڽΪڵĴ
ûϢñưչߵļȥˡûߵϢһȵߣҲˡǣɾǡ
ô
һɧ꣬ǰһɡӺ޹ӣȴǰŪˣͺһʪɫԵָŪɺ͸ľջ
Ǵ׵һ꣬ҲǸΪ̵֮һꡣһֱ죬Ȼû˸ǸЦꡣ
԰һ⣬ʧ˴֣ȴһ񣬻߸˵һȺߣ䵱߽ˮĴ֡
ɿæһ⣬ɾˮ£ɵ۱޳ܵļڴ¶⵽ʹ½ʧ֡
Ҳûֺãĳ޳ܵ˽غˣɵҲûɱɣȴ֡
һļײûһ˺ôͳͳҡ
豦ӰУȻòصİѾڵϣȵ𹩷磬ѲΪ
һ鵽ߵ٣̻رĪҪս
豦֣ھָڡɱϡϻһߣмǣѲΪ֡
ĻƽʱڣΪͻͽʱǰɱ𣬽ֻǿ
ָӲȻӦǣˣ̾ȥ죡
УȥǿõļӡҪ֪߸ߣǲߡ
豦Ŀںڰзĵ̹⣬ˣߣһֱڵȴ³֡
Ƕܵ㣬ǻһֱȵΪֹ
е¯Ȼһҡҷ쬵һ»ΪĻǡ豦ڻҡҷ밵

ضڵ㡣
ºЦĶߵƾǰڴɸķ꣬ͳˣֻǲΪҪⱩ¶٣ʲôı
ǰºһЦֻЩҵˣܻҵϢһЩġԳ̾
ڹ紳꣬ߵзһַ˪֮ɫȴĶһţͷҲθ߲١
°ͣߵս飬ָ̧߾٣Ȼ£ϴȣڣܹ
ĴԼǧ׸˱ǧƵİ׸˱սУȻֻʣ´Լǧ뻮һг󣬺ƺƵǰƽ
˳ӪǸ߰ٽ
ӭչԣһֻޱңңȣ˧Ĺ
һֻԼĪʣǧĹһ˧£ɫĳԽԽ졣°ζĹѾǵһˣҲһ
һֱҪսϮ˧Ȼʼչܿ˹𣬲Ǵ򲻹ǲڹۣ
һ¾ԼĪʮҲĸ㲻ڣǾֻа·ˡ
ˣڹåɫץһѾջϾתܵѰһĿꡣڹŭûҲʵܵÿ졣
Ҳѹ֣ǰԼȻȴʼ˲鵽١λսһǹһط
Ͱ׸˱ıٶȼӿ죬Ȼҵĳһ𡣺¡¡Ŀֲ˻ս͹ҷ
κΣͨӣȻ׸˱ǾǱȽľһһҲԲڻ¡οս߱ս鼼־Ե
ȴֻвֹΪɹս飬Ҳ߱
۴սսڹ֮ϡȻ£֣ܶǼֱ̫ˡ
׸˱ĳͺһߺ˳ϴϰ׵ĹҺͱȻ飬Ѿ弶ս񣬸ӳǰ¡¡ɨо
һϰɨۣ׸˱ͻǰƺƵӪͽХƽԼ֮ǰս˲֣ʱԼʣࡣ
ǧ׸˱Ӫ߰ٽҪȴÿһ֧ǾҲ¸еëϸСս
ܿ죬׸˱ͻУںҵɱСߵͷף׼Ķͻ
ȻӦŵǣ
صһǱȽϱ߱һˣȻҲ֪սʱ򣬲ǾԵģɵľ
࣬һԻйһ֧ڴӪͽӴսʱȣĶͻ
صһظΪ񣬷սϷź⣬췢ʨһĶͻ汾
ĶͻһԼٶȷĺХ
ĶͻʷǧıƣǾеľģҲ⼸
һĹ򣬾еľӴս¡Уսסһڵ̡
߷һŵ΢ЦȻСĶͻǱˡĪΪ佫ֻۼµĶͻǾеľһ⺷ޱȡ
װͻרųģһĳ߼Ԥʤˡ
ȻĶͻӿҵĳƾһͻơ񵶴ţһɿļ̤һеˣо
ңӪɽĿХҵĹ
Цˣ׵ʦû⣬ӦӮˡһ̧ͷ˳ͻͻƣо
Ӫһͻ֮ǰУɱȺϻһŰо
ʧɫæɳԤҪһǡκΣôмܵסЩƻս顣
Ҫġ߰һĵף˿ȴսΣδּƵ£ͻ֡
һδεܣ𣬳Ѫ˵˲ҪҪⶼ±һͶ̥


379 ¶һ֧صս
ͻͻ
ӪͻĶͻӲлܿȻӲо
֧ϤӢҼΪԶһĹ֮ϡһǹҲȻϴȥ
ѳɶ֣սתˡ
һۿ¶һ˿ȻˣûˣһҪҪƤˡ
ս壬¡ϢһһתۿԽЦһ񣡹˷ɣߣ
ߵĬȻǹģЦŭһһɳϮҪ߽һʱߺȻ̧־һȦȦޱȵĹΣ
һɭĽϣƺһһս鼼ϡȴˮɫ
ЦҡƮĶֲңǡһָ֪ʲôʱðüֻս顣
Ϣʱһ䣬ݻҰܣս飡
δ䣬Ԩϼ͵ȼսӿΧĩˣ໹ǫһ£ߵ˼ϼүֻ
үϥһ־һѴɨɱһֱͺñһǹֵ꣬һ¾͵һƬ
һɨвһǸ⣺Ǿ͹һ̰ɣ跨ɹ
ƲΣЦˣ¡
һᣬϼͼͻƵϢĻϲػףֻοˡϼүڿҪͻΪϽױ
ҪϮɹһܺܿͻΪͨ졣һޱȵջһʮľͰġ
ƾµİ׸˱ӪԼĶͻսϹռȫλƣһδغء
һΪϼͻһǼսģܡ׷һȻѺüȴû˽佫ȥɹ
սʤɫսƷоеľԸװ൱ĳɫǿӪͽ֮á
սװ벻취ֻпӹӶˡ
ܸоǰ˽߱ΪĳҾĽԽԽˡƩ绢û֮ܲǰθ˻
֮оܹ죬߲ͭôֵģһ˽ܸƩ絥ɾһЩӣñӪܸ
һµİ׶޷Ϊ׶Ʋѣȴһʵ
ٲܸ֮ľӾԽԽ١
һ˼һ°ͣȴϵĹߣȻһЦսʱߡ
ȴʰо֣һ׸˱һ١һۣò׵ϼͻƣк·
̤ǰ޵ĵ·

պһɫҴҵһһսʱϲȡһ֧һɳ죬ת۾һָ
һ˵ȸຮѼ䣬ܿͺ֯ɵɢսԵɫԽԽȣԽԽ𺳡
ûдģսĺۼǹӺۼжϣԼһǹһࡣ
ܿ죬սһ·ѰۼסߺֽӡԼֵֽĺۼһսûʵģнӡǾʹи֡
װʧۼܡװǱˡ
ҵ֧лʣԷǲսǲͳ˧
һȺж磬мɣЧʡһᣬʹΪ׵ͷĿߣڸǲסеļͿܡ
ͷĿϲõͨ죺ȷϣһǰҥģһ֧սܿ졣ʷشķ֮һ
ӵսζʲôÿһ˶ޱʶ
ͷĿһ·ˣ̻ȥ˻㱨һ𣬽˵صٵĪҪҵõʵϢȻ׷ս
һ紵½ǣԳһʶȻӪıʶ
ͷĿȴˣӪȥһ죬һٴ˵ءһȻδȻ֪ҲΪ׷սġ
ߺսܵĹǵһˡ֮ǰȻҲҲҲ˻ƾٶ
սڹΣǰΣڹ綺ʱ䲻࣬ս಻࣬ҲһЩΪ
Ȼβһζ꣬սŰأϮȻ˧ǰʼɹһûκηء
ս̫٣ܼ˧ȴ޷¡Ҳӹȥ
֪߶ڹ磬ûۿҲܹ˵
һ֧սɵؾӣڹŰϢǴһǰżг˵ˡʱûţҲš
һǰʼôΪԽԽ࣬ҲֻǵЦš
ֱǰϮʼһ֧ս֤ʵǿܴڵġӡ
ȫ󣬵һϢȥֻ¸Ұޱȣ

ʦģģ˵ġ
ƾ廮Ϊü࣬ƣ޸ƣԼ޸Ƶȵȡʦܵɻƣǡǡ޸ĺ޸Ϊ֡
߱ãҲ׻ٻǻˣҲٻ̫⡣ܲˣƾΪƱٻɵġ
ƻս黵֪Ƕô⡣ҲѹְΪʼ޷
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ƻˡµͷҡͷ㰡αҪֵս飬ƾˮƽҲ޸ơһʦɡ
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иУһЦĶͷһʦͳˡ
Ʋ죬ʦҲǴ˵еģһ˵ȴҲֲ˼ҳ֡
꣬һĳ֣Ϊ٣ðҲѹʦأ˵Ц䣬һЩר
һһɧ۰̰ĽԼݳ˷ѵķʽ˼ӣҲǽͻƵ
һǰǶˣһǣһأͺһ컨ͻƲˡ
ٶһأ޷ͻơǣϹҲǣ˭Ҫţһ׼˭ƴ
Сۣ꣬ǲšС۲ʮأѾˣСۻᣡ
С۳ƶûҺҲû黨ʮͻɷʮǶʮˡǲţ
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챯ӵŰ찡ҾʲôΪʲôҪĥҡ
ֻһߣŶʮ꣬Īۣ
ߺȻЦã̫ˣҵ


380 ޣĻɫ
ޣ޵ȵģҲ̶ޱ֮ǨƲĵޡ
һƾдԼйķ֮һĽСȴֻǶ޵һе֮һɾͱǰĽˣȻռزһ֡
ΪԾ֮ȻôӴأսٺܶܶࡣҸģ˿ͼҲлܿ
ߺٺֱЦ²ʣ߲źȻֻ룬㷿زͳͳҪȻͿڵԹ
ȻԵõںĳĳǣ߿ŵĨȣȡоһŴĺϵ°һۣΪȣ
޲󣬴Լֻб޵֮һ˵һĻ⣬Ȼ½˼˴ģǨƣķ١
֪򣬻ǷʹȻһЩͶޱҪһЩ
;סŮ˧ﲨһ֤ĸоֻó裺ŶŶŶ˯ߣҹ˯ΪĻңԴҲû֡
һ̰ͼֵģߺܿͱһֻ档µĻ˵ͽܱһһõ棬ڷһѣʱǹ̬ȷˡ
߷ΪʲôĪ˵һɸȪˮҲֵһζǡⱾһء
˵ǲǺ޵ĸģӰɢˡڹʱ򣬲ÿʱַÿһʱӡ
յӣ⡣̵룬ȥڹÿһ簡ûɫʣûóԵûúȵģҪʲôû
£һ˵ĶûСⰮˣƤӵļһƱҪƸƵ÷
ãεģǺܶģˮ̵ġء
ƣ߼ֱɶȼ٣Ϊٳ޷ͻеǵ飬ҲĳˡðɣʵеûûΣҪʱͻ⵵¡
ߺ³飬溣޵ʱ
һڴɫĴٹĹ߳
һˣֱӷٹڵĻڣ֮󣬼˻ڵˣ˵ҵμˮڴ˷ǰ
һܽߵ꣬ǰЩڹɱμˮڵˡ񣬴˼ޣ٣

ߺһ·棬һ·߾ǰһ·ԽԽŵա
߾ʱ򣬺Ȼ߾ϵĵ·ϣȻϤѵˡߺ»һۣҡͷ˻ʱһֻ֪Ӻ˶ˣ
䲻ȴҲʮҡУһϵȴе֮ȻΪԵʣΨٹǿ
ٹеƣ붫޺ͱ޵óףٹԣȻҲеϵƣٹͺñȱƣϵȴλ
˺޿ҪһˣһֱϤ˽⺣ޣȻ
һǰʼƺ˲̼ƵģڹսȻΪ˻ʱĻˡ
ҡͷЦҲ֪ǸпǿɬΪһ˻ʣ˶ˡǰͿˣҲˣȥҲˡ
ޣǻ궼ɿ
ûһ֮ذ鸴ӣ˻ʱ֮ʣֻȴս𣬻ǰעһɹʱȽϴĹҡ
ɣɵĺǻһ뷨ȻֹˣǾֻѡˡ
߻һ´̽ϢȻԵȼսˣȻϢҲȫ档ҲܿǰĴ̼ǰڳԶĲԡ
̲ڽĹң׳Ȼ󣬽ԶһĹң׼ǿɡ
߽磬ߺ¹·ʱ򣬴ǼۣδΪѾͷˡ߲߹ȥͷΣŵƺͺܲأδһ鷳
²⣬ߵҲ˵ܷһͳ֮սκιҪޣֻ¶ḶСĴۡҲ֪᲻ŵ׵½أ
ڣߺ¾ȵķ֣ûսӰ̫࣬Ҳ̫Ľաƺ˵ִˮ׼ϡ
򣬰շ׷ױʾȶѹ硣Ҳ൱ˡ
߱ɽˮ̬̬ãɣƺӰÿһ죬ܸоԽԽˡ
ĪٲʧЦԲˡ񻯾žľ磬Դģùүķ˵Ƕǲ
һһУС˱صɫˣһߺһƵ衣˵һᣬߺܿת˾
һЩۣ쵶ļ֡һæЦѯʱһȻ֮ЦкϷˡ
쵶˺ޣ֪ΪΣԼս˱һɵ𣡡
ڤ˼룬Цרעʦѧʵʦ쵶ͷһ֡
ߺȻһЦҪǣ쵶˵ֻΪ

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ҿǿϷء߲һѿڣֳǿٽ͵ûΪƽŸֱʳζĵȴ
Ҳüѣҡͷ͵ҪôһطҪôʹҲⱻΧ۰Ǳ͵ΧۣôһβҰ
һᣬһȻķһۣһᣬȻǰһ
һ겦ȺһһÿһһΡȻȴƫƫɫڣͨһγɼΪǿҵΥ͸С
˵ĹУ±һûǣ˰£ʬ⡣
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һϸܵĺ飬Ķͷ͸һĨĿȻ󣬻Ϊһλĺ飬һһػӣ׹ڽűߣ
һı仯ֻһԵʡһ찴ڵϣ
еĲƺڶ˵аˣƺůůķ綼ͣˡ
걾ǻɫģһֱǻɫģûڣûкɫɫǣְڵϵһɲǣȻƽһɫʣ
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381 磬جһ
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յʱֻһɫģ·û˼ûʬ⡣ǣסɱǸ۷ˣ
ע֣ƺһƲӣ־ͺһë
ִǽڹǣֲڣϼ롣һĥɰֽ
׵Ĳµѹɳߵʲô֡
еĻɫɱΪҫ۵ģһеĺɫƽħȻӵϤֹͣˣɱҽɱ
ɱ̧ͷ˵ΨһĿģɱˡҴʮ꿪ʼɱˣɱˣһֱɱɱˡֱұɱΪֹ
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һѪؿĿ⸴ӵĻ۾

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߱Ŀһ˿־һȴеһζĵסǻζĸоаޡ
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׻˵ĸ䣬ϾͺȻͶЧ͢ͶЧԱȵȣһһ̫ĸ
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ΪǼǰⱾ죬һһͳˡߺȻ¶ߣ·׷پϵмΪ
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һ۲ɨӣ°ͣڴѾõĺ룬һЩۼˡһӵˣһƺҲǡ
ʦĪҪᣬʲô˵

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չսѾһЩǷݼͻƵĸоһֺɶɵĳ嶯޷ơ
ʲô񻯾žΪʲôʼͳΪ񻯸֣
Ҫʵģһ𰸡ԼԼģһֺܶصĸʼǴԽߣܶණ㶮㿴ȴȱٴСȾ⡣
ۼţ࣬ǽӹ˵ġںڡ·ߡȻûôˣַҲǱȽϿס
ǡڡһˣ̫Ҫ˵ˣһԶʸ񡣻ˣ߶ǿڡڡ
˵һ㣬ǿԦɣֻаּ츳˲žֿ߱ɻܰƽ˵ı̬
ԴӲ©֮ɳ񻰸ּν֣ܸо⽣ڵĿԡֻǣҲ˵ʲôԡ
յһ߲ӡ֤ջ
ûнûڣɱһս˿׵һһӵ̺ľ
壬ʲô־ʹꡣ
û˵壬ĵڣָָԴ
ǰһ·һãԼһšû˵Ϊû˵
ڻ룬˼˵壬˼롣
еգȻܺϹ˼һͺˡϹ˿˵ﵽ磬ͰȱǰҴĵýء
ȻһЩĵãֻһ·һţԵһЩ
©֮ɳͱ˰̺֮һ˿־ɱľһҲ̺һ˿־
־ƺԴԾ
ŵ΢ЦǷݷʹĶظСûбˡ
ܸоҲᣬѾ񻯾žĴţ롣
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382 񻯣ʮ
һӣ췢ѿ
ȻһޱȵøСͺ㱻ǹ֮󣬷˳ǹһ٣ͺ㱻ֱ֮˼ҵľա
Ƕһ㣬ȴʤں
ӣӣ˼еģеӡöӣȻ񾳵ʱµġ
Ϣ𣬺ףΪʲôֵľˣ̹׵˵һֱˣƺûаͺô
ʵ˵ʵֻɷǿһ㡣Ҳ˵Ϊʵûκε塣
ȻߴʱˡΪž׼Ϊ񻯾ž
Ϣ𣬱ϨĻ档ǹرֹͣܣñһھһǷӡǵ
ߴʱ֣ܶÿһλϸ״ͺԼҵѾа͸ˡ
ѿʱ߷ÿһ٣Ե׳Ļߡѹֶ˵ʮǰͻʱڡ
һ۷Ľ׶ΣͻҲȻ޷۷Ļߡ
ҽѧ˵ߴʱ٣ϸԾĽ׶Σֻͻƣ۷θߡ
Ҳίʵѹ֣ű̬ǳһЩˡ죬ͻ磬ôȻЩʹͻƵˣҪǿһߡ
һ仰˵úܺãǸıǮ
ɷҲ߶Ծɷļơһֱڱɷڶʱ򣬾ˡʱϤ֮ĵС
ľڵУͺһһѼɷıһˮͻɫʡԣһ񻰸һɫģҲǼɷģһǲɫ
סھתȻһһҺ״صﵱУ·һճĴˮء
ҲףΪԹˡ񻯣Ҳʼ׷ˣǱϵĳͻ
б°룬һһȴྫ
ҡҡͷ⣬ΪʲôϣΪ񻯡ˡ
ĵʱ򣬾;壬ӵгĻңһΪ𣬸ʾͺ壬ܿ챻ų⣬ǳԵˡ
֮ǰǶֻ˵١֮󣬲ǳĵ·
ˡµĸ̣ʱҲˣ黨⺱Ҽ۸񰺹ޱȣȻеġ
һǾͿʼŻ˥ˡǱ黨⣬㲻һӾһëûˡ
ã黨Ҳᣬ廹û۷壬һֱ
ңô޵óȥϷʵ룬ƾ񻯸ӻ˥ϣŮ񻯸֣ܼ޸񻯸֡
ŮӴ츳̫ߣң˭˭ʸȢ㣡ߺٺٻЦ
Ȼ˿֪һչأȻҹ

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ܲͻƵϢһЩϲãҲһЩȻȻͲѧˣϥ
ΪҲкüˣһֱûͻơҲͻƣǣʱȻһӾͽ޲һ޳ۡ
κΣ²ǫ˵һ䣬ʦһǺзͬһĹ츳ϱߣǾίʵж츳ˡ
Ȼͺͻˡʱû塣
»˿ϲãƫƫַ겻裬ǵҪͻƵϢǽꡣ
ѾʮˣȻٲͻƣֻ˥ϻܿ١ȻʱֵһŮǳ춯˵ʱ򣬿۷֮󣬾˥ϵĿˡ
ݳ޵ıƷõ𡣿ǣЩٺãҲӻ˥ϸЧȻ޳ָۣܻഺء
Ůһʱ䣬̫ࡣͭ޵գȴϱҳһβƣһңΪʦһηԼĺܲ
Ŵ磬üֱ񻰣һͶУӶ켸ҹʲôˡ
ȥǰ취º촽ſͭԼ˵ԲС
飬дաҧ죬ĶԼ˵Ҫúõרĵͻƣ
ȭԼͻΪ𡣷ʦûһǱģ츳ȴ˵ʦΪء
ͣȻ
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һȻƺһԾѣһңս鼤սһȻ̧ͷһϢȻֱߵķ䣡
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Ȼɵúܸߣȴͷʬ壡
ɱɿյ֣ºﲻŲʵĵһ

Ѵ·ӥ˻ϵһ׵һٿ
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Ѳ⣬˻ʱȡʱǨж϶ɽʱյĳȻȻҲǲаʱöϳ͢ԽС
ʿԽ൱ǿģʸ˵Ĵ㡣ɱߣμˮڵ棬ƯĿġ
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Ȼ֮ʣһӰΪ⣬ӿջкһ³ƷХҡϣ
һתۣžžϣȻҡҷѡһȻɫ䣬ڶ
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ͺһöذըҵķʽըȻĳÿһ˵߶ݻˡ
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383 δľ޵ڶ
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ĺҪһҪͻƣǷڻû˥֮ǰһĻƽʱڡ
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ʵһͺ˵һЩ¡ܱŵǽ߳͢ûеһ
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ģ·죬·ﶼڣ˾ģ·һĺڡ
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ȻһɱͲߡ
˵˼ӣ޷רעһֱϣǹ߶ᣬҲδؾͱý˶١
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ͺߺɱ֮䣬һ޷ʱϡɱ߳Ƴһҷڵţ
ھѡ˶һɱ׻ĴڣǰܻˡǾԵ㹻Ŀ¡
ڵűһѪɫžһ£ȻеƽһȻ͸ֽһĵ֮Ѫһײײ
ľɫ԰׵Ǳ䣬ŻһѪࣺǣǼֱֱ߼޻ǷһǹпڽԱǾȻڹ컯֮¹ȻȻɱˣ
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У
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֮̾ͱˣ·һУաһתۣƾ˴ﶬһл㡣
ȻȴһʱΪĵ޾ĽС
Ѫɫһս鼼һ𵴰һһٴݻ٣ۼҪΪâӶݣ
Ȼʱһƽƽĵһסȥ·ĺ񱻸ȾˣǷϵؿǰѪɫȻˤ
ܲ˵һߣһɱһܿˣȻȴһ

߿һԾ˵סȻٷסơ
ƮƮȡһľͷصͱڵ߽ŵһֱյĶͱ롣ƾ˭ֻǱеıա
žһ£ݶˣѪԹĿ⼸˺һУȴǻȻ⣬ĶԷţ
ڵȻͬһ㣬ǺñţƤһļ̲ΰ߸пڵǺ񣬴ӽҾܷĴ󵨵ϰԷ˯򶹶ˡ
һ°ߵЦݣڷߺԹȴûɵظеһ˿־壬ΪʲôЦа
ʱɱĽ֣ҲԼβһսţܿͰƽ˵ֹɱĶϰѶס
ָڣһĿڡһᣬĵȰ˿ٱڣȴˣ
ãĪҪˡָָڣ죺ȻϮǣǾĪҪɱ
۶ߣصһ⣬ЦеҴһĺˣĺˣδؾһǱͷʺ򻹲֨ˡ
죬ɭɭݷԵÿ£½ǣҲƢģǮб˲𰡣ôǣٺ٣·ǾͶûˡ
죬վӭ˫ԹĿ⣬Ȼ׳գ𣿰ͺһҪġֽһˡ
˽İˣߺɱ쭷ɡ
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߲ŲæĻӶĵǺõƷ˼ĵɱʱ˳ִߵġ
һɲǣӰ·һսһ𣬱ƹҵһ춯״ǱȻЦˣԭ㣡
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ѻĿ⵭ڵ˫Ҽ㣬ǰһҹһҹɱ㣬òˡ
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ĿһɨѻЦˣȻǵ֮һȻ
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Ⱥˣʮ굽ʮͣ˵󲻴˵СҲСһ˱ȽҪʱڣ
һѵأߴ㵣Ц⣬Ȥˣһ£ÿܾȳһÿʮ٣
ѻؿʼ磬𲻴̫֮ࡣЦЦֳں޻оݵ𣿡
ѻͺԺļû뵽ƤȻú˼һּȲ˼Ŀ⿴꣬ѵǴнթ˵ߣΪʲôһ㣿

ߣ֪ߡ
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ϳͲҲµģŲţѻ޶ԣȤ°͵ȻԲŸң
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ѻĿߣల£ԹΪͱˡ
죺Ͳ˵ˡһֱΪģҵģұҲͬǵġȻһתǰһΣֺȻ֣֮˱пɺ֮
ҡͷԾȻǿģֵͬġ᲻ֵãΪû˻ϲרż̤ˣҲû˻ϲûеߵˡ
̤ɣ̤ȻǲõġȻԷ򶼲ڣ˾ĸ
ͺףӳţԼٵ棬Ǽ̤ɰˡȻжĴףֻ˵̤ԣѾԼˡ
ѻؿţȻǰȥ㣬ڣ
ˡȻˡ̹Ȼѻˣ¶ŵĿ⡣ĪҪ˵ǰߣڵҲɱ
һȻģҪһͳȥߺȻ¶һЦ㣬һôΪϾ
ɱһߣ̧һ
̾һ˺ѷεĲҺ
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388 ʵ˷쭣Ĺ
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ߺһɳȥžһվȣԾѡѻĺǿ󰡣
ѻƮƮһƮκһҪӡĿһȻΪѻһ˫ֵ˫ίʵ̫ûˡ
߾ȻһʱֻеֵмܵѻĿǵɱ⣬öȻ֪ߣ֪ߣ
ƺһǱĴӰˤ壬žһ°Ѵغһһ߷ȥҳһߴвң
ǡãƵĻҲ˵ءǡǡ֪ͽѻǡǡҲ֪ѻһޱȵȥѻսһǷƹҲĴ
ۣǰѪŷǱȴһһԾųȻ˼࣬е۸ˡ
һ˵ţһȻͷٱƽѻһĹâŷϣգǰ˵ˣʲôһΡ
ģĪҪ۸ʵˡߺ棬ɵ۵ȾԻʵ˷쭺ܿµģԵеһУ
ѻڸһ˿ŭΣ߶࣬ͺһڹǡҪУƵҲܡֲľͷˣŴУѵû֣
ǰֱֻܶ౻˼ҲµʱΪߵ֣ҲƲԷ޼ɵޱĳ֡
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Ȼ㣬ûܡ
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һҺѻһ̧ͷһۿɱɱһնɱˣϸһ˿ŭ⡣
һߣһɱͬΪͬΪԻȡŵѻδؾӦ˵ǣһ߾˸еˡ
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ɱһҲǳɹ¶ˣһȻʣ߰ãȻ޴룬֪ÿ־廹Ǹ÷
ҪΪѣֲΪѡۣһһס֣֣
ǰʡѵΪʵ˾Ͳʣ
ɵ̤ߡĪΪҾͻɵͻẴߣĪҪ̫߹һ˵ĵˮ׼ء

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׽ģܵģشģ£ʮ½סԹĿӡ߻Ȼֱ̫һᣬѻ̸ֹ
֪ߣ֪ߡһȤĶԴء
һһƮݵЦ⣬ͷૣһأƺջء
֮ǰΪҪޡߵĻشǣ棬Ȼʵĵ뷨籾һһ֮һ
ǡøϳٳٲͻƣԻΣҿǷޣҪĿΪ˳ֵġ
ѡѣһˣûôõʱˡĵ̻ᣬûɴô
죬Цɱ֣ոоΡĪҪĪ죺죬һʼ
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һɫгɫ츳Ȼδÿһ޳񻯸֮֡һ޳񻯸֣Ҳǲˡ
ƾǰʹɵսӽһ񻯸֡϶ȫɴ᲻ȱ
ǣȻͳ£ǾͲ˻ʱٹʱһֱͳˡ
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ֻֻܳΪһɵĴڡ֮󣬻Ҫгֵı
ݺ͹ĵһ²Ǵţ齨ӡ
̫̫ԵʣñӵзǳҪλáȻΪλһ֧ߴҰսΪҪӡ
ǡãҴԼ֪ƺһңԼŵЦΨ
ظ飬ɱˣûҲ̫⡣գգۣƽͷǮǴأǷʲôطأ
ʱĴҴҸϵˣң
ߵͷһҵУҳһЩװƷҲΪߵһᣬȡ˼ƷõģĿɨһͷ
һζõˮǽϹΣһһĹһᣬǽĳ¶һĿȻһ֧ӡ
ȡһۣһƱƱԼмȻһ֧ССƿһۣ߶ʱˣⲻĹȻǺˡ
ĹͺñȾͬһּΪıǮ򲻵ġ̷֮׳Ȼͻƾ绹ҪԼĵرܰ߼ӿһġ
׳ˣͻơܶ񻯸ֶΪ㹻ˣƫƫǿھϣȥһӶڱͻƵ״̬
һǰǶ۷ˣǻһ꣬ײˣͻƵġ
΢˼ߺȡһƱģöĹҪˣǮҲáЩ͸ǶϷ
ʵˣԼءĵȻĹźȴҲ̷֪˷ѡ
ʲôûɣмʮãˬȻˡĵüЦеᵽʱ顣

Ƕǹ֣һӵһˡûǹûڣ˸졭
һ߻˦һƱһߺ߸һ߳żԶԶĪҪ˵Ǯڣƶǲ
Ҫһ취Сһ߳һ߶ӵһȺٸֱȴǱɱһ
һٷһߣɫڳһ⽻˴˾죬ˣΪƱʹΪҴ
߶һۣ°ᣬȴûİڰ֣ǵķ²߰ɣҪ죬ûϹ
ɫһˣ߾ߵģ
߷䣬һҵɣɲϡŭһѪ£
첲žž죡
һı仯˶Ŀ࣡


389 ˾ף鱨
ߣ㣡
ŭ˾ŭ߳һʱ
žöԲĸ첲һ˦ת߰ٶʮȽʵˤ£ŭ֣
ЦɭȻ㲻һʲôʸүҡҼûôġ
߶ӣү˽ģö˶˵ķҪҵĹڣ
Ϊǰ׳հſڱտھĳĳԱڿӸֻ߸ڿӵڿӣǶҪѸ첲ˡ
ǰһСϷҪƹȥǲɵˡ
ǰ˼һھͰݶɱƹԱˡһֶξȻȻʩչˡ
һ⣬ԶԶ˻ѱҪǲһ⣬ǲǺء
žž飬ΪǶְƷƷǶޱˣǺ޴ˣʲôʸ񣡡
žžĶⲻأȴİˡֱ̻ľݵ֮һѲ꣬ϱ˾һ֪үǲûշѾүˣ㻹Ƥң
ǻҪҪƤˡĪҪΪձֻһڳĪҪΪΧ˾Ͳ֪ˡȥϱ˾Ҫָֺá
ĿǳǳĻˣĪҪʲôĻˣһЩ۵İ׳գʲôֶΣʩչˡүҽͲ
һƳİ׳հˡҪģ⣬˾
űۣ־Ȼ鴫һЦᣬЦ÷·ȫҵ˾ԱתòϢ
쵭λˣҪҲعĨǣֱ˵Ҽթžˡһۣ˾ָ֪ͬ״һ·ȫҵİģǸˣ
ɫߴţһƺҲΪԼгˡ
ûеģ˵İ취һЩҪҵҲһˣ󡣡ЦһˣΪǴɰ
һǹԣе㳢˴ƤӵĶ񶾣ĿɨʮڶĵϣƹȻɣȻҺ
Ʋ죬ֵȻ־ھأһ׾͸ҴˣѺΪˡ
һЦе˵ƺһϴ군ˣ߲ԲЦѵѾռ캣ˣ۹Ѿ޵ˡ
ǴȴʤƴɼϢģ߻ϴأѵҪ½޽ˣ
ڹȻǰ׳ա׵סŸԴǿ̱񶾣Ȼ档ҴɱˣȻ񻯸֣ҲôҪһ
߼Ϊǫҡ֣𣬵ǵģҲŴṴᣬҸǸȫҵû
һģκˡ֮ײүľݵ㣬Ѿ鷳ңѵй᣿

΢΢һ飺⼸ҿ绹ǽ顣
Цеһŵģ罻ˡ׵һ飬˼ƤˣƤӣΡ
һ٣ӣǰ˵ʵȻһ٣ɵһţҺɱܸɵˣ
׵޲ɫ΢䣡һߣһɱڵʵˡ
Ҳ֤Թ۵ĳЩˣְ㣬侮ʯߺŶû׼ϱ˾ĸֻἰʱء
óջߵ粫һû׼һѲоͷˡĵ޲亹ֱð˾̫ˣ˼ҵĵţֱˡ
׼ȫҵɫؿߣòźȻ·
˦һָߣɨһۣһôԹԵģǾûˡ
׵ֲ԰Ʋİڽϣָĵ߷һƵЦ⣬Ⱦߣֵһȥ
Ȼ߳ȻʣȻԵõײžһ죬׵һᣬγɣ۵Ĺâҫɭɭ֮
£˵ģ޶õ˹ȥ
ɫ䣬Ŀ΢΢Ĳҡҷ˿߿Ҫ߳ȥʧȻžһ»ʣһڶޣһںޣԵ
ĳշϢΪ񡣡
߶ףĶĵ˶ʱ½˾ó·УȫŭĿӵ˾񣬵󺹲ѡ
Ŀֹ£ԣɻ뽣ʽ֮һǰ粨УᡣţΪ
üĿת˵ڶ£ڶϢɱڳﱸݾеõ˸ЦЦⲻ棬ɶء
һΪȻӶĿƺǱϣ
ӶλڶϲȻǱϣҪôǳԮҪôǡΣĵײȻıȭллԼǣϵرԵ֡Ҳˣ
ЦȻˣβ˼һ£ΪὫݵڴ˵ء룬ڱػ˾һЩջ񡣡
׵ͷ¶һ˿˼֮ɫֻ뵽ؿйԱ͸ȴû뵽ϱ˾͸
ЦЦڶǮȥһѣƱţ룬ܸɣ⣬ȻҪܲ鵽һƱš
һ٣߲õУһṫۣ⣬ݡ
˵꣬ĵ֣תƮȻȥ

һȥһᡣ
ʾⲿ̻ƣ̫ѨһԣǺķŴ˽թˣȻ鴫
ᣬô˵治֪ʲô˲óֵꡣ״һʮѧʿ˲ǰ
ˣΪβ֣δػġһպޡ
׿ûһߣһɱȲڡסݴӾǵǲֹһ۾ͿˡͼԴŭҡ
µֻҪǶ֣ɱͻɱ֣
ϲססִ򲻹ûһ취ЧԼɱ⣬Ǿֻ·ˡ
ʱëȻɫߴĺޱȣȴɱˣƺϲѵıˣ
Ƿ֣֮һ֣ȴҲ޷˿Ķߡ
¶һ˿֮ɫúйأĪȻвͨģǴˣû
ƱţƱţ˼˳˼·ȥȻȻʡ
ֻǣײ֪ΪΣһ˿ĸоᱻáίʵΪһӡ̫ˡ
ɲǷãıҪ׷


390 Ϊ
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ޱ޼ʵĲãأһڴ˵ض˸е
ײ
ߺȻð䣺׺֪ܲˣƾһͳѰ˲ˡĵԲ̫
ЦЦһɱģ׾̲ޱȵĴֶвı˲·нڲٵ˶
֪ڴĵɱ£ʱƣǿĶɱģҲʵɱ⡣·Բǰӵ˻ġ
䣬ָʹĸ֣ϱ߻ָʹдʵۡôһˣֱӶľ˾Եÿɹ
ܳͷصģûһǱϡֻ˵˸иó˵ĴҲԼˡ
ǻڽϣ㲻ָΪһϸͣ˶ۣ˵ǱȻǳɹˣܹǻɹԵɡ
ҵĽҵĶȻмͺˡҡͷѰû̾ôơ
Ȼ̸ܳΪĴͳ죬ǸǾͷˡ߻һ£ͲɵëȻ
߼иƢԣиֶΡƵۺ̸Ϊɲ⣬ͷβͲƵʲô
̸磬ǾһֱӰߴϣ㣬ǴߵˡɵǣһߵԸˣǰǻת䣬ΪöԸ
δǾͲ˵ˡ
̸磬豦ף˵ҹУ˾ΪʺϱõĽϳжظͬʱγûеһ档
ҵ˼̫ˡôȵˣˡ
ߺȻֵһЦܿЦˡʲô͵ϢǻϢ

ţּšһҪĶҪָ֤ݣҲҪָĳЩں֤ݡҪȻΪʲô֤˵
֤ǣץס㣬㽻ӴٵͽʽɵģҪɵģҲý
Ҳ̫⣬Ųһ˵ˡǰԤ˽죬Ϭ統ʱܻο˼ζ
û˻ɵǲء
ҪǣʱǹˣۣǰְȻҲκβ˼Ǯﲻţﲻš
ΣģǵڶϢ
ɺӶϣֻܣҪôǰսҪôǰݡ
һ㣬Ҳˣǧܲǰ裬ӶȥҲĴǡҲԱ˳ŵûţص޶˶һ־۵鷳
һУȡôһ׳Ĵʱ˽˶ԹҪΪ˻ʱٶ·
߲´ɺӶСѾͷ観¡һֱûȥҲ֪˭۸ļƻ覲δԤڵһȥݡ
ǰΪСѾͷ챱в˵ݵʱ򣬼ǧʧȥ̤࣬һ־۵ͻȻ֣ʱйļƻ
һֱҪռһ̣ȥ
ӶϵĿݣôƵι״ǦʣڵͼϻͷһᱻҼй
ȻûȻ
һֺڰϴ󻮷ֵһڵͼȦ̡
ȻȻûбĲвҪסһΨһ취ֻһ
Ϊ
߷Ȼ汾ǽ׻ʵۡһǰ;ңڵ߲ȥʵۣҩӿĻˡ
û߻Ϊйδһֱۣ޵ڶֶȥˣںһССĻλ
Ҳûûʱһ仰ҪǮûǮҪûˣƾʲô
ⲻһç磬ũûͷģũ壬ģٴһھȫ¾ƽȻҪ۳ǾͲһ
ۣҲܻһ˾ͰˡȤζŮɼƻؼĲ֣ǱĲв
йһݱɱû֪᲻геܳ壬ͷ㡣̫ƽҪ类۵ǹƥƽˡ
ˣĲĺ˼£ڰߺûػꡣ
ҡͷ˦ˣݰɡںһЩҪȥأκʱ̫ˣֻȻȥ
սǷޣһָоһҪȥһޣĳһЩܲ
ս֮󣬡񡱲ʲôطȻʲôط
˼ҡҷһȻںһЩûɣܹһЩջ񡣱ʹͻΪ󣬾ͷݵġ
һȥҲӦõģϾĸݡ
ݣжٱ仯أ

ҡ
ߵĻ˵ŲǣΨһı׾һ䣬ҡ
Ϭ̹ȻӭǵĿ⣬̹
Ǻ޵ĳһطȻϸһ㣬ʵٹĳһۿڳСٹĵλúܺãǺͶޱó׵ѵص֮һ
һæµĸۿڳУû˼ⱾԵúõһĻĻһЩԵĻɵķŭĸĿؿϬͶС
ѻģϬӱϢһֵԼһʧı¶ľݵ㡣ǮҪ۵ģöĹ
Ϊ۵ģԱϵʧһߵĿ϶̫࣬Ƿչһ꣬ÿһַĿ϶١
ѻţһҵָȴһ粵˼ûС
ô˵ʮʮʧһСʧˡþã׵ʩ޲۵ˣѻ¡ѻǸϷ
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öĹһöﵽ۷壬ԣڻˡ̾Ϣǰжôթ㣬Ϊ
˵ȥΪ㡣һĲ¹ǣϧۣκ˶ɱֻ²ҹڣڳˡ
ѻĬȻǰڻʹĵһ棬ͳˡκΣδܵ֡
Ŀ᣺ǰ͸ɱߵġ
ϬǷһЦɱ˵ɡӲɫƳƺܲΪȻ
Ϭ¶һĨЦŲҲҪҲ˭ֻ㣬¿ɣֵʱ򣬾δˡ
һۣһ˫񶨸񣺡ѻ飬ΪߺһˣֻҪѪ֤ΪǵһԱ
ǰʮ꣬û꣬ѪԣǴˡΣɱȴѪûܴٴδ
Ŀʲô֤ߺͬһˣ


391 ѻˣϬ
ʣӺ٣һ˿ζ
ѻƮȻ¥̨ţţǺһѪܴ󡣡
δʧᣬһλлȡѪ֤
񡱵ֱϵѪᣬǴСнɫѪȻĽѪԵģҪ󣬲Ż¶һҪʮ꣬ٶҪʮԺ󣬲Ż¶ѪĲһ
ǰʧ֮ǰǡþʮֻʣ¡ʧؼ£Ҳ˵ĿǰƺʧɱߵĻᡣ
ףϬȻЦʩ޼Ŀⲻڲסһ˿ЦǸλ˲ְˡλα̫ߣα̫⣿
ʲôţڣթԶԶʸӰ޵δҲӰҪﵽĿġ
Ϭ᲻֪ǰҲҪǱһʱˣĪҪ˵ߣһۣҲûгֵʵӰδ
˵Ŀʩ޽ᣬױʾϿɡ޵һ˻ʱַӻ³֡٣һ۾ܶҡֵġ
ɣԡƣԼϲ޵ĸԼԡ˭һͳޱޣ˭һͳ£
ϬζһЦһ壬ĪҪ˵ߺεºܣԴɵʵҲֻһְˡ
ޣһ̺ܴܴ壬ûһ꣬Ҳκһ˵ġûܿȫֻ֣ԼӵУյĲ֡
ʩ޿ԵƳ˵һ˵ļ⡣ߣڱƣ
޻˵Ϭ΢ЦȻߣΪʧ꣬޶˶˵ޣֻĿĲô򵥡
Ŀɨˣߺг𣬻һöԷءʩ˽һһͷϿͣʹĨѵˡ
һ˵ߵģϬʱȻΪߴޣмĿġһ׷Ȩ䡣
ڶΪ˲񡣡ϬһһٵҧĲ񣡡
ѻʱݣĿⲨ֪Ĳʲôط
Ϭһڷ񶨣ҵ˼ǣû֪ʲôˣؼǶ룬߻µˣ
˸ü˼ϬҡҡָͷŵλǷǵ֮;·ߣ
Ŀȣֻ˺޵ңٹӴ뿪٣Ǻ޹ϵǿԲҲֻ޸ǿʸᡣ
˺ѻԼʩޣ޲ݣ롣Ϭĩ˼һ䣺ûͷûԣȴĿģܴﵽĿġҲɺϡ
˿ָΣȻ˵һ⣺ǿ֪Ϣս꣬ȷѣȻ١֪ΪθǿȻѣ
ϬҡͷѻҡͷҡͷʮǰһǱǿԼʵۣ׿˵˻֮¡
˵ģǴԼʮ꣬һ޽һ˻ʡ
ϬزԼһʣʱ²⡣ͷ˵ֵʱ䲻̶ֻʱ֡
ҪôǶʮ֮ǰǰҪôǡһ٣Ϭ硣
Ϭҡͷ̾䣺Ҫô޿սڲ֮ǰ˻ʸ񡣡
˱Ŀⶨϣãҵߣû跨֤ǰɶʧǷϡ
ðĹһû˱ҪǿֹˣȴҲܰװ׵Ϊʡȥʮʱ䡣
һöĹڰڴﵽ۷壬ͻơ
Ϭһ£ǺЦҽ飬һ飬ĹȱΪλΪλᱻߣ
ʲô˼ʩüá
ϬЦЦֻ֪´ɱ͸ᣬ͸Ȩ벻ѡ
˵Ŀ⣬һɱ⣺ƳҶŰɣ̸ҲǰŰɡŽᣬĪҪ
ϬĿһٲ

ͺ˽ľӣһͭͷ档
ԣ˽ĵιȻ켫ȫͬʵԼǲġӺ޸ޣίʵһңԶľ롣
ߵΪǹˣκһ·з²ۣٶȡ
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Ȼ߶Զŵʱһصûƭ˵˼֣ġ
һ·Ĺ߶еᣬⲻ÷䰡ĹĵرǺܺܺģû֣Աˡ
öĹʧܾһЩ֣ҲһЩŹ֡ĥһԲٶ롣
һ·ʱ򣬻һĵκ·ߣһ·أҲûײ϶ٹżײϣҲֲš
κΣʴ̫أΪһĺѳ߾ǷԸһЩĵΪǽϲһЩ
һаˣͳϽĶϷϷԶϲΪ޺޶ӴġԣҲû֡
˶ļΪģĸԽԽ߹⼸߲ˣ뿪磬͵طرơ
һЩҲᣬίʵҲ˼⡣
һεĲǼٵģĲ֡ʮѪһ־ڱصõɱ֡ͽʽ߽غˣɵҲû
Ψջ񣬾ǿ϶ɺĳֹξɵش⻹ǿء
࣬Ҳ˵Ϊëģ޷Ǿⲻ񣬲ûڵ췭ظˡҪǳô칬
ᣬᡣδ֪񡱡
һŵһһˣһһߣĳƫƫֵò
ޣޡطܹҪȥһȥġ
˼һûɵй幫ܡͷԼеһЩҪĹؽڣƺڱƣҲƺ뱱Ƶйء
Ϊһ͵Ȼӽ͵ҡһ䣬Ϊȶĵˣо͸ˡ
ϹΪᣬߴƺļʺܴģǾ浱һҪˡ
ȱµǰΪʲôҪҾּµС
ᣬէȻһקǣ׷ɱ׷ɱ׷ɱĳЩҲ׷ɱһ¶߾÷ǾõĽˡ
ܺ⣬ΪһҪˡûʱƾʲôԱ˵ݣӿΣ
˵ɡǲʹδһսҪģǲôһͳ¡
ֹһͳһ൱սԵĴ̼
ûκΣ˭ʹɽˡ߲һ߾͸˼ҵĻʵأģԤ˽죡
ܺãΪ׼֮ˡ
ߺͶɱ󣬾͹һԭУҵһڣ಻סȵ飡
ʼʣеսۣ


392 ֮
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ţӦ׳һΪȡһöĹ׼һ̷ܿڡ
Ĺ״һ£˵ĸо൱ůġ븹ã߶һӣһ߰ѹ߻ҩЧ
ĹȾͬһҪϡ
ĵرԲʲôطҵģߵҲֻΰˡһǾͬһξǰĹ
ĵرǴӻ޵ġһ·ȥĴ󺣣ֻп;Уȥ޵ģԼҲںۡ
ۣڻޣҲҪϸĵһײı£ײĵر
ԣĪҪСһöССĹǱƤ±һQʵĺٺܺģǷǳģмС
һһרעԵͷҡͷҲѹ˶˵ĵرµ߷ãǳͷβ˷ѡ
ȱ񻯵ϸֶΣĺѰҩЧĴ߻
߱ĹҩԣһһҩЧΪǣ£һ˿һУȻɢ嵱С
ûһ͵£ĹֱҲһҹ졣һҩЧһ߷ټȡҩЧתΪ
Ҳ֪˶ãŻһüЦƿķЧʣ¾ȫҩЧˣһ嵽ͻơ
Ԫָտɴ
ԴʵΪһҵʦս壬Ȼˡ
״ͺǺڳɳͣ⣬̤񻯣һȷĵ·
ǲǺڳɳͣ˵ǣ˱ȣǡһ̤һţƻԽԽ
ս飡
ʦ̫սζʲôˣսߵǰڣζŷһٶȡкڣսͻΪҪ׸
ƵʱʦΪҪѭһ
һ񻯣սΪ˦İȻȴûţˣսȻܳٵİ
˳𰸾쳣ˡ
Ψһ֪սܵˣʦһ۾ͿߵƣȻ̤񻯺һ١
˶͹ߵٶȣʵҲǡ
Ϊ²֪ķķǴӺζЧʣ֪Чٵġ
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Ȼ˶ˡҲ˵߱ؽĸٵģһٶȣֻƾսţ;߱ϯ޵ʸ
߲ɫĬȻһһͭڸǿҵķӦˡ
εķ죬˾ȵǿҡһᣬߵĺһߴһŭѣʲô˼
ĸƲں󱳰ɣƣһɳҵʹһǵæͭһգʱһ䡣
סĺͭһͨԼһЩϲֵȥԼĺȻһͼֵơ
һһ֧Լɫĵƣͷ·
ĸƣڿǡ֮

ͭεķӦǿҵķ
߻ʣŲæͭͨȻ󣬲һ¶ϲɫʣ˿ڵĸֳ
ͭηӦңΪ֮һΪҪĹؽڡܸһؼͳϽһˡ
һᣬͷΣɡÿһһͳĳֻܸһʵۣϷҰһ
һһͳĳһšͭĴ𰸡
ɣߺȻ˷һţӪ־ս飬ܲˣ
˵׳ҵȣл᣿ͭĴ𰸼򵥣ȴǵͷһ
佫ġ˽½ΪŨصľһսʹӴû˱ơֻ½ͨв䡣
ζͨսӴҲΪˡ
ߺܿѹֲסڶᡭɣ
֮Ŀֱһ־ԵĴ仯ƽˣ䶼ˣһһΪҪĽڵ㡣
ͺһ̤񻯣δǰ̾Ʋɵơ
˷ĸƵĳ֣ı仯ǰûеͳͳˡ
УҪһ㣬ǴӴԺֻҪֹŴΪսﱸװˡ߾ԼڱˣֻҪپȹŴҽ˵սˣ
սˣһͷĴ⡣սձǵͼս飬˿ɲԼƵģһˣǾҪôʦƵרŸսҩҪôֻе
һ飬ƾʦı£Ҳмܲס²ǧƹһţĪҪ˵һһٸ¶δعá
پսսʿ䣬Ͳˡ
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ǿͼ޷ż̫ս飿
⻹ã߹ʮĪҪָͻΪۣôͼ
ȻĻϢֻһͷײÿһţҪľ½죬ž߱Ӧս
񣬾ܸʢƾšҪʢƾž߱սȾҪȾ½½ٽ죬жս
ǣһʢƾŶˣøپ½죿һͷײݡ
һһͳĵ۹ǲڵĹԱƽͳͳһÿһţһսܱơ
غһһţһΪֲˡ
ϲüңôãһֱڵȴľ⡣Ҫ²ܼȥȻٺҲûãֱþ

ʼʣ
Īߣίʵǧһ̫ˡ
ͭһƹʱͷΪáʼǰ˼ͨϽս飬ζòҹΪܶס
еսۣǳѣǾǲһֻޡۺ̫ڶͨнףҪҲòΪ
ͭĴ𰸺ֱʲôʵۣսʲôˮ׼
Ǹĺ׵ۣǿžǴԼһսˮ׼Ȼۣǿŵˮ׼Ȼһ
Ǳϵ߷߷߲ƽԪ谣馣λϽױĿǰΪ渺ɲ
ԵǱ˼һᣬͷΣ˰죺ǾͲٰܲɡ
ΪԽߣܼͭȡķΧԽﵽ˷Բסǰͻ˴ֵľ꣬ϡ
ϸĵĵһ°ͼߺܿ츴һֻսסʹѪһᣬŽѣзֲܲٵбʵ
нױս飬ܲ١
ߺͲܲٴ۵СۣһᣬڿǲǷһ֮һүӡܲٺȻ֮һ߻һ¡
Ȼ󣬲ܲٵĳߵͷʾһ£ûġ
߷ԼҴˣΪܲٻһӲܲûһٱܲƺܸˡ
һ۰
°Ц֮ȥЦϷ֮ɫĿޱ峺
ӽ߲ӣǾ֮һ
粼µӣܶˡ


393 ¹£ɭ
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ǿգΪλޣΪʱ
׵òԵһɵԹģȻ̫ϲϸһжˣҲˡҲԹ÷ͱ߳ʡ
ƾòƣ׿İϸλ
ΪʲôʱĿҡҷΪʱҴ񻯸֣ΧСĻ壬ԸҲһԲǡΧݡ
׿ɬһЦȻթѹǰڴ֮䣬Ȼܺˡ
ϬǾӲΣǽ£Σǽ֮ˣǷҡҡ׹ǽǲϵҲߵ
ԣǰһҹߵȥ·Ȼ󣬶һʧ١һ򣺡ˣߺˡ
һӰϢȻһͷĿһƵĶ
Ӱǿ£Ű죬Ӱ֪㲻ӭң£㻹Ҫ
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ӰĬȻصҪǷΪλǧ֮󣬲»ص˻ʱһǷˣȻУ˭
ǰһʲôҽ㻹ǴϵһЩ
첻ƽӰģһ飬һԲ顣
ƶʮǰıƹڸ࣬ʧٵۣ幫Լ͵ƵۣһԲ
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ᣬƾѪͳΪ֤͸ǿӪҲֻ޿κΡ
ȻΧ֯ȨᣬȴñһɸӣŲκܡһܵ֯ȻһɢΧ֯ЦҲ
ǰߵõϬԸİȨͼصʱ򣬴ɾ֪ˣʱ¸ǿ֪ˡ
Ƶۣû֪Ƶԭ
֪һһʽ˰֮Ȼǰɵڼſڱһʵʩ޳ܵ٣ϸû¶ȻƴҪƤ
ģˣǴɻʵ۰̹˵һۣҪɻʵסȻΪνʾ֭һʮľ֡
Ȼ󣬶̶꣬Ŵʧͱ˰֮ˡţǷŶѡ
ƾһţдѵߵˡӲߵʱ򣬴ڶţΪ˾Զ˳ŵģǾͳŷġ
ͨܡʽǵǿͳͳġ
ԶһҪ
ᣬҰۣҲǼǧֽۣðӣͷǼ꼸ʮꡣˣҰۻ֪紫Ϣû
ǿ޲ðڳĹ⾰ʧˣǺһʧٵġ
Ȼ󣬾ƺʱںϢһٶȴ

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˵΢ģĪҪ˵ţҲδܸıʲôϵĵݣΪδҴææΪΪľǾһ
ɺͱƣвࡣκΣھ޶Ĵ󱳾£ҲòƲһСС΢ĺ
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ǡΪϢһӴԷɿٶȣĳЩ˵С
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˵ҪݣǻݡҲǴӺδ֪ģܹڴϵʱ˶Զ˵ġ
ҲһˣͷҪ
ϬԻĶͼΪһ壬ȴҲڶ޺ͱ޽֮ӣΪΣãȻ
ֲ񣡡Ȼ߲Ķ̫̫ˣһССṩġ룬ͲðС۵뿪
ٺеĴ󴬣˷ʻ
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һƣԼסԱʳ·ߡ
ϬĿһһɫ֣ݵǱ覡Ȼ캧Ȼѣ롭ڵȱʰвݡ
۲סһԻ󣺡ǰ;𣬺αΪûлش𣬻ͷһϬ·һץסϣĿֱⷢ
У˾κˣ˲ϬعŸɰͰ͵Ŀˮ˵һŵĺģ
ʵ۵Ĳ覣

Ϭѣڶһ仰ȴԵɳġ˼ˡ
ŮʵۣŮʵۣ˵ûй̫̫ʼˡ̫̫궼ûˣϬȻԼЩǳȤζ˼ˡ
Ҳ̫ˣҲ̫пˡŮ˵ʵۣϬһ룬ľˣѣ
˾Ҳƴ˴죬ŻŹֵ覵ʵۣ⵹ǡȻҲ˵ȥˡ
ҡͷͷȻҡͷͼݽǱޱһҪսҪأȻʵۣǱ˵ͨˡ
սҪ壬ɻƽݡϬĿġ
ҪУָ㽭ɽռ춫ޱɺͱƲʱսͱһ
Ϭ㵣ĬȻͨˡ˻ʳ֮ǰǿֻڱ޵ĵϱQԲڶŰ벽̫Եˡ
˻磺Ҫƽݣֻһʱδü򶫱֮ǰɼȶʵ
˵иһ˿Ц⣺ߺȻޣֺȻ뿪ǱɺӶϡ
ܷ񸴳ܷݣͿһսδڱһս
˵Ȼñ䣺һսݱض
󴬳˷ˣϬſеĺһƵɫʩиˣ
ٲ֣֮Ǹµֱˡ
Ŀ΢ӭƮƮԳֵа⣡


394 ޵
ĳءĳʱĳˡĳ̸
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öĻʵ۳Ϊ˻ʣ
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û֪ˣ̫ˣ˻ʵĳЩ塣Ϊ˻ʾǼΪʵȻ
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ͻȻ֪ģ˶ġ
Ϊʲôǽڣǹȥ
ΪԤ֪ģΪܶҰĲˣ֪ģ֪ģ׼֡
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ǱͲҪҪǣ˻һֻ֣ǿĹң˻ʡ
ǺܷʢΪƫƫҪ˻һУǿĹңһʵ˻ʺѡ𣿡
˻һͬһѡ񣬱
˻й𣿡
ܶǰϤˡܶû񣬺񣿡
û˳ΪǾû֪񾿾ܻáҲܻһǧ꣬ǧ꣬Ҳ֪
Ƿ񣬶⡣˻ʣ
˻ʲô⣿
ң˻ζʲôڸ𰸡˻ʣζ޵һ֣졭¡ޡУ

鱨ʱЧǷǳҪġ
һ鱨ĴЧʣȡһŵֵԼת
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Ϸ죬˵ڶվϷҪĿǶϲ鱨ʱЧԣپǶϢ
֣Ϸϳһ·ɽԽƾǣٰ鱨ݽӦˣߣԽӵ鱨
øţרŴ̽鱨ΪȻ磡һ鱨Ӻ޴޵취
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ˣϲϷ޷洫ʹϢ˳ʽµһš
΢΢üӹԼһ£üͷܿչİϲüңã̫ˡ빬౨
ɫ䣬ٸ빬̫಻д󣬼Ƶϲ£ʹϢˡ
ʾ۵ƵۣȻüͷһʾһ֡ƵǰⲽһᣬŽӹ
һƵۻպ۾εһʼջǲޣʱ̶ϻرơ޵ʲô
ϴף̫Ȱ棺£Ǻֻһʱ벻̫ͨϻ۵ĺܻţǼ⡣
Ƶ۲һ˿ĪƣĻӻ֣ĪҪˣǧΪһ̾ϢɬҲգܹˣмԱ֮ˡ
ǰΪˡƵ첻͵ľͿæǰ˳
ƵۿЦһƿţĿһӱ䣬һᣬ˼һᣬȻЦѹ⺢ӵĽթ֮㣬ȥһκޣȻд˵⡣
ҲաƵ棬֪ЦǱֻּڸ;Ժ빬ּ٣ȥݡ
Ƶ¶һ˿ߵ޲뿪ھŸԶġΣǺѾˣ޵Ҫǻʲô˵ġ
ɫ΢䣬һ£ˣߴ繦δֻ˵ȥ
ʲô˵ȥġ䣬ĪҪ˵ˣСδŮȴҲرӣƵ΢Цһ٣˼ҵСҲȥžۡ
ɫ̾ͱˣñͲһ׮򵥵£ԲԼҵŮС
κΣʵ粵Ļᶼȳȥš

ƣڸԺ󳼡ܼư½ǰ鷿ܿʹ˼ҵ
ˣˡڸ;ԺΪ;ϣһ˻ְཻ
ĬȻȺĶ˵ɫ֮
鷿ȻǹҪǲСߵۣǺˡڸڷԣԺҲھŸ
ףڸ󷴶ԵǾԵߡ÷ԵǵھŸΪһ׳ʵʱǾʹˡ
٣ǱȻˡؼǣھŸһƸıͲõˣ̫ϱƵľսԡ
ʵ֪սʲôģУʵ󣬷ͳ˧ⲻǣһھŸһͳϽ޺ͱ޵Ľλ
ھŸһͱͳ˰裬Դѵ˵ڸûʵһ̫ԣǾԺҲе
ô룿ô룿ðð
˼һô죬¥ˣ绥࿴һۣл˼䣺˻æµҺɵ£ҲΪѰ죬ֻ²Ϸӳ͢ǲ
ɾ壬ҲһҪ;ڵ̸ɺЭ顣һɸֿϷӳ͢Ǿͺðˡ
¥Ŀⲻ֪Ƿһ˿ʣ΢΢еۣǺѰ죬֪һˡ˵ţһ˻һĪвӣҲ⡣
¥һ٣ˣǣ
˿ˣ𡣡һ¥У׽һ˿ɬƵĸɫ
飬ǰһӲȥӰ̸磬һߡĪҪ˵ǣϹӶδָʹǰ϶ˡ
̸ʷɫָʹû֮һȻĿǰߵģû֮һм䣬˶ûζο١
һᣬ¥ãȻھŸ͵ָʹûЦҲûϲãֻü΢ߣѾһ߸ˡ
ѹԶڸǿҷԣƾһ߸֮ģνȻ
Ҫͱ޵Ļشǣȥ͸Ϊ򵥿ɿ
˲˵һƵһӿԵȣѾλ˵
ڸ;Ժİˣɫ߳Ƿŭȴ˼Ҳ˵һƺƵۺ̸ĳɹǿܽܵġ
һᣬ̫˶ڡƵ۳ƣĿ⣬ɨӣҲˣʲô
¥ɫ䣬æݵ΢޷֮⣡
Ƶɫ䣬΢΢Ĳ԰֮󣬸һ޺ѪɫǱã׼ʥּ
Ƶ׿˵¥ףëȻĻ࿴һۣܲ˴۵Ƿ𺧣
Ƿݾκˡ
һڱƣڶޣޣǨ


395 ع飬
µĵ죬ľϸˣһ֪ûϢ
ҪˣҪȥݡ
öĴͥԺУƤСĵ޲죬Ŀࡣ
ž飡
ƤСĵŭȥҲйģһǽϣεһǽϣŭʲô˼ֻ㣬ǣɫĻ쵰
ͿһҪŮ˲ҪѵĻ쵰ƤСķŭĴ󺰣쵰û˻ƤСһһܡ
ÿһﶼһµܣΨ³˲ǵһ˿Ц⣬Ȼһƭǵģ֪ƭˣһܸˡ
ʱѧƭָ߼ܣֻһЦ˼˵ҲһСĽǰߵ˼Ǳ£ȥݡ
ƤСĺۿʱˣظһȭˬҾּ֪߲ɫˡʹ࣬Ҹء
³ĥһµֻȥûȥҲûȥݣҡͷ
á³ʱɫ䣺ʲôǶԼ֪һЩ²ȥֻǡ
էȻһƺƵͷһζɵߣǵʣ³ʵˣҲѹᡣ
Ĳ˵ɫ΢䣬˵˷л᲻˹ȥǰ׸ΪףһԱǰݡǰġ
ȻĿż֪ʵҪ
ռһ飬һԣԱһֱô˿ãѵģ
һӿļĬãͺѳָʹˣذְⲻҪƵƺ
Ҫǣھǣþ;Բھǡʣιã
úʽҾˣȻȻȴ̲ش֣²ǹȥ
δȻһȴȻ³˱˸ߵ˼Ϊ̫ΣգԼǰ߲ǹȥԭ򡣡
֪ǶǴ͸о˼Ȼô˵ˡ
е³Ŀһɨӿտ֮أȻǲΣգ֮Ҳá
˳Ĭһᣬһ̾Ϣ
Ȼһӣߵĳ嶯·޷ƣ·һӷԾݣ

ݣһˣ
ӽ̾ʫķʽ˼ҵ
ڱƾǣһȺ˼һ˵ʱߺȻ˼ȻϱߣǱƾǵķ
Դ뿪ƣҵķ;͸ˣ͸ˡ߾סͷĺȻޱȵǰ˧ѵķͣ
ǳ;棬ûġߴӹ߳ʱźڵһůůġҲΪи̲ܸ
ߵһԵúݣڹＸ»ûһַܱͲ䣬Ͳġ
ƵݣȴûҪ³˵ˣߵ˼٣ƵӦö椴ԼҲµ֮һ̫Σգǹ
ûҪ³ǣƵҲƵ۶߶޹ʣ޹вҲ޹ؼɵԵʡ
ɱĸԵƣʴƤе͸ˡ
ʮ²·һϣʣʮ²һģظţ˵ʣˡ
ΨһĹڣûгǽĳУԼһ˵ڹٵһˡ
һᣬһЦ⣬ףģǵˡĵ˶Ҫ߲ȥˡ
нһȺ˵ģСȻлϴԼأ֮ҪԱɫӣǼ
غͶ֮࿴һۣͷȣǰдΰݣѹֲסϲúͼأ֮μϣ
߷糾ͣЦصͷǡ
ĿɨӭˣлϴԾá̫ʹʮԶںһЩЦȴ
ĵһƬȣ˺һʾⶡİѷ²á˵Ĵӵ£һǣȻҲǺƺƵ
һ·ǣϡһЩǰ̫һĵط˵Ŀ⿴ƺм־ŭ
һʱûᣬֱӷã˷Ը׼˻ϴ
öˣԼɱ֮߾͹һͰһߺ߸һߴϴ۹
ƽһ¡ֻôӺޣľˣ鲻Խؾͺ߸裺ȦȦŤŤƨŤŤ
ˬˬöҪ˯ˣȻʮŴŴĺˣҪҪϴ
㻹ȥϴ·ɡɫһڣûô޳ܡ˵ղ˲ĶҲ˽
Сӡʮ߷ߵıȻһڲŵĶҧгݺ޺޲ѣû˱ĻᰡһֵַЦˡ
ǰΪߴɫǺĸεСӣȻõѵ

ˮ߽˯
ԺԼԼһĿĴΡҲڻǲ̫ˣɶӰˡ
Ȼ˯һ£ȻҲܴΡ
һͿĴΣһʱߺȻо̩ɽһѹ±ߡëȻ󺰣ҲǴʥҲӣ
һƬˮǱķˮУ˹ĨһʱӲһޱϢϢȵĿٱƽ
һת۾ߣ֨һŶ롣
סǰ㣬Ȳѣ㣡
ѣ˭ǧüһƮϵסٳȥϷҪΪͽ
ͷļٵģҶˣ˼ΪͽƣʼۣĪҪЦˡȴһ㶼Ц
ǧת߳ӣõϷЦһһ˵ΪͽǾͶȻʲôЦȻΪϷΪҪΪݡ
ƥôһ˵ǴǷġҲûծͷҲǸѣһʱתΪΪͽΪҪݼΪʦ
ǧ΢̹˵һʮΪͽǾͺñժӵоô䡣
Ǿ仰ԶĪҪ˵˼άðӵۣǧܵıֱּ޽ڲ٣ͽܣϷնˣӦҲǣӦҲǡ
ͽ£ҲǿȵģҼ̫٣ªˡ߸̣һЩҲǺһЦȻ˳⣬ҾΪˡ
ǧЦˣһ߻̾ʹҴҸҰһܵûӰˣֱ˶ϵĿھͽ
һˣһԱֻۣҪﵽĿģǧܾͺ⡣
ﴫȻĻʦô£ҪʹҵĵʹδϱʹߵѡźôӦ
ǧܵʱס


396 ߸
߷صϢһöذըĳһЩ˴൱ĳһĵ£ȻԵһЩ⡣
˶ڿߣÿһ˶ڻٵڴֻһЩ仯
ΪԼµģô롣ΪԼµģҲô롣Զһ㣬һЩС˼
Ȼ죬һڶ½һЩõˣԹǱֳǿҵȤ
ܲǵһЩ仯ɾˣתˣһԲϾͰεƴˡ
òͷҲأվһҵǰڶһᣬңá£ⲻһһ¢ϵġ
ãҲֲǿҪάֺҵҲ뿴ֶ֮֮¢ϣ
ɫһ٣ҼǵãҽҪݺúþӪĲá
ɬϣ㲻ڵʱȺףð졣ֻ壬ñδʱ򡭡û˵꣬߾ͶĿԡ
߲ǽã΢ţ춨λߵʱ򣬲ǰһļӴôغͶ֮һӪҲ̫ǿˡ
ҪǮûǮҪûˣƾʲôδʱڣûйȻûֱǲˡ
ϸ˵̫̫ԼڴغͶ֮޷᳹ȥ׵ģǴͷβ̫ߵĳԶĿĺʹ㡣
ǰ˻߻ڣ½ҲǾǿ֮һû˻
û˻Ϊ۵ĻᣬȥһĻʵۡ
ǴƴغͶ֮ͷҲԲ߻ߵδͼȻ޷ߵ˼Ӫݡ
룬߾ͶˣͷʣսΣ
ʣһ֮ءԼ˱ĸǰ
°һЦڳ߶ϸĹ۲죬һߵȻʣصʲô̬ȣ
ΨʣĴڱɱˡ֮ҡͷûϢʱǰڼۣҹȻδ֪ˡ
ߵͷޣ£òɱһӰ٣ǡʵֶΣǷҪ
̫浱ңһƱһƱһҪЧٲңҪ
ݺܿͻӭһδս֮ǰҪƾ棬֮ǰҪһЩ¡
ĴҪƽģ㶨Ĵݲڴ
غͶ֮⣬ɺӶĶݲ׵еѹģϲһСءκΣ˶ӶԵݡ
һսôӦսغͶ֮ûһ˿һĵˣҲͲ̫ˡ
һǧܣǴ򲻹·û⡣ԴˣغͶ֮ʾѹ
˿ڣ̣ﷴĬΪأκһӵأ͹һˡ
Ȼϵô;߱Ļˡ
ϸ˼һᣬ߽ͷúʮϢ˵Ҫ۰Ʒ׼ٰƽ𣬻߸ʡ
غͶ֮ʱ׹ֱ⽹

ߵͷʾûˣȥˡټ߸á

߸һʲô⣿
ߺֺЦǰӻСѾͷȻ̲ݣٿã൱һʱһ塣
룬ߡ֮Ȼˣһʲô߸ܴүô̫ڸҲŹء㬲ѡ
߸һ壬ҵĴСԵʣ޷ϣҲ޷̲ĴҲϡ
ǣ߸ǴڵģҪ飬־Բ鲻ΪΪ׵濴Ȼԭģһڣûʲôֱ
һαװ̫籩¶ҰġȻ߹Ҳû˻ᱻȥ֮ûںΪ߲ڡ
߸ʲôģǲɵġ
û֮ǰܶƣص޷չȭšʱͲһˡ
õʱ򣬴ʮſںţЦ˵žǲһǶءеëȻĪŮ˷ˣҪֽţû׼ͱֽ빬̫ࡣ
ȻĲУĿͶϸĹ۲ꡣԵ˵ˣɰߵĽзꡣҲãҲã޹ؽҪ
վһ󣬿ߣҧһ£Ȼͷ걻֮һûָˡǰΪʱͱˡʱգ߶ʸûС
һͷĿ⣬ϣȻһûɵɸСһμǰǰǰ٩٩̸Ȼͬˡ
ٵģҲһǿһӡϣ֮ȥӰ
ⰮЦ꣬ʲôʱܺƽƽʮʮ󣬶ʮֻҪͣһжпܡ
ȻںƽѾκһɵɱˡ
һͷһʱ㱣һȻϢףȴûɵǸоⰮЦ
һһ˵ĸоǰߵɶ֣Ȼߵƺûǵɶˡ
һּΪ˵ĴܸС£һԣȷԣõϴȻˣǾͲֱ˵ɣ
еĿⶨһϣһڷϲ߸һԱ
ɱ⣡һпһ£ǿЦһʱһʱǾõİЦЦţѿĸЦ
ûᣬĿ⻷ˣƽ߸һӣҾֱˡҲһйˣ⹤ȥ̤֡
ʱһˣҰ߸غͶ֮ɢҲ᲻ˡ
˰Եͷ߲߸Ǿùܷǲ֪ɿߵΪҲ⡣
ƽ͵Һ͸λ̫ϤֵúܡԣҲֱԣҶԸλܲ⣬ǳ⡣˿ӵĿףһɫ΢䡣
ɫ죺֮Խ߸Ϊ˹ݣλϷӣҪʲô
Ǿͳʲô߸֪ĳһðһֻ
΢ЦһЦǲó߸νĴȻӺҲûá
һ޲Ȼɫ䣬ΰϴȻŭ⣺ʲô˼
һЦⶼ㲻ҲˣЦЦҾΪѵĸף
ȻӣҪôݣҪôͰ
ƽϴɫ࣬ѹŭͺ𣺡ߣĪҪ̫ţ
һһƽϴǰһ̾ϢҾţҧҰ
δ䣬žһ죬ƽϴԾȻצ


397 ͨ
ƽϴϣһʱͺ
ţƽŭһҵԴ˫Ŀࣺ
һʱϢ𱬣Ȼһ㵭ĹĻȻƽСŭޱȣʱŻָһ˿ԣѧʿ
°̧ͣ־žһǶһΰƽˡһȥţ߻ͷ˵ݣϴǿԲӡ
ӣҪôҪôߵĻأȴһصĺ˶ߡ
ΰǮϴ˫ĿһͷȻԸҲ⽻һ񣬰ԸеһɭϢƺܸо߲ڿЦ
ĵʼ磬ƺѴֻСһ׮Σл˵ȻһͲҪߣ˵Ҳ˵
һ𵴣һˣҪݣѾÿˣαˡ
һغͶ֮˶ʱЦѡƣõˣɾݻԶأǧֻܵһ壬ǳ
ȻǿˣغͶ֮ݸĻգΪߵĶְ״̬
ָָؼˣûж˵˼ˡ
ȭʾ⣬΢ЦˣǱس𣬺αض⡭ǱޣǶް
߲ؿ˷һۣһæͣԴ˵ı£ҲǴ˵¡αΪһݾִ󣬾ͱԼˡ
һ٣ȤߺȻҲӦһƺһ߶߶ΪһᣬŷһԲЦЦı飬ǿϷ
Ů˴ˡһƤգ˼ռռݣЩǼֱǱĩá
һᣬ°
ЦЦ˵ˣǾ͸˵ˡЦеҾֱˡ
ǣңңƽΰЦеһһָȥȻҡָͷŭ˵٬ûʱϹ
º͵ЦЦ̲ݣҪǷӣȻ⡣⣬־һʱͱҪ
Ҳܳκν

˲Ȼɫ䣬ŭһۣͿѹ֡ߵĿǲأȴȵӻҪٱ
ƽָĴˣһҵɵˣ޲̾ǰⲻҪ֮顣ֻѸλһ׮£
ʲôߵĻº͵һֿµһȲɳʡ
ߺȻһһӣǵǵˣҲѸλǲҵĵˣ
ǰͰŪһʱգȻҪνĴţǼֱͲ£Ϊɵ۵Ķ֡Բ鶹һͷײˡ
ǰ͸ǿƣͰŪշأô˷Ͼ£ֲԽԽ˻Ȼֶν
ҪôӣҪôûе·
΢ЦɭȻǾܳңüסһ׮¡ʱգҵȭͷǴ󣬱Ǹ
ƾʲôҶ
Ŀ⣬ɣҸʮʱǣյʱ䣬Ҫ֪𰸡סҲ
ۣ꣡СۣһʱԺӹһЩ˵Ӱһң߶˽ģֱӶǰֻ·
ͨ뺣
߲ҲûҪĴ˷ʱ侫ˡǿֶνõİ취
ʧȥʱ䣬跨˷ʱǷʱ᷸ĴֶƵĵӴ󣬿Լڸʲô
һ̨ܴûϱ߳ϷҲ̨һԱˣȻһССǲŻ
غͶ֮ҴҸΪѵĵϣ᲻ִ̫ˣһǲڶǻᡭ
Ʋ죺ʲôҰͲɿ𡣾ǲҲôɣǲż֡һٵ֪Һһսѧʲôض˴㵣ѵɱ
һֺ˲˵һָ󲡡ǶʱӦǲġضһı顣
֮΢ţǷѼȻǶ֡
ȻǾ仰ݶڲƽĸɴŮɼƻԹԵҸطͷðӡ
ߺȻ̧ͷ°ָԶɽܲܿɽʲô
һ٣һЦģĴһ׼ʱֹ֣˳֮⣡
غͶ֮ȰΣƺ˼

ޣʲô⣡
ڼӣ̬ģһ̤УҲһڱʾͷŭԼģﾹȻһЩĽ߽յ棡
ǡһ꣬˭޳˭ԡİǡǻʵ϶߷緶ǡ˭
ģһ㻶ĻֻȴһķǷơ
ߵͣС˲ءȻȴǴ˹ĲࡣӻǰһĻȻԼеǾһȨƣһ
һûעʧ̬Ķӣ̤Уټе飬ȴǲοǰ·ȷȷʵʵֻ
ҪôҪô˳߲ںб췴û췴͹ԹԵķӺ
ۣۣͷϵĽһȻ֮ΨһڣҲǲû˵
û֪ǧ֣ܵһۣ꣬СۣĪҪ˵һƽݵĸ֣
߲ʰĴеطС壬С壬۽ޡȻǴɣȹעľԲǼǧ֮ߣ
ǰȼԪأһûⷽĸ
һ죬ҲҲ·ĳ˵Ͷһעǰ;ߣҲǻ¡ͻڣһе԰ˣŤ꣬˴ɡ
߳ԶˣȻڶĴˣ׼ʱñʾ˸Ĺ˳
ǷģǾ͸ղˡ
ߣЦеϣϺͼ۽ҪһЩʱգ
һȾİᰡˣˣ޿أǿճǼأ
ԼҲʱߺȻЦٺ١һǹڴض㣬췴أ췴أǲ췴أܸ£ΪһȤζ
ǧ¶һ˿ʹĵ𣬲רЩ¡˷츳Ʋ죬ʲô츳֪
Ϲ˲ùȻ¶棬ǰһΣȻȻˡСۺͰ꣬Ҳסӣڽϴˡ
ǧץߣǧ׸߿ոٷУǵˣ
ǺˡС۾Ͱˣ跨߳˳ھһȴǷýʽͽɽϡ
ǧܺȻܳ嶯߶ȥˤԺܼᶨҲһ˿ãϷ˵ͽ֮£
ֱۣԣΪʦʲôô
ǧܲһ㱻ñ


398 ʦǧ
ڿȳսٶ£ǧܵ΢գķʱñȵӻҪ
۾ëȻԼ壬Цˣ۲档
˵תͷ߲ɫȴһᡣȻǧܵϷϲ˵Цʦص֮ԡȻһҲֻνôǱ³ˡ
ôûеģʦ֮£һİˡ
ߴףǧ׵տȥϵһУһɻɺͽ֮ǰľ㱵ҡҡͷҲ˵
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СѾͷģԲеĻʧġ֪ڰգСѾͷ۾һָ±ߵլӣ

ӥ˻ԭҰϵӡ
ȻСѾͷһ㣬һԾһâ˻ȥ⸩һĹ⾰ʱëըѡ
һתۣ±ߵĴլУȻһԾֽϻߡ
ɣЩ嵱ˣȻΪ˹ƨƱеҶϳƽϢ߶ʱԾѣǱʩչһȻͻϮС
߿ǱķɳȥһŲڷϣҡͷСѾͷ㿴ˣѾûˣĪҪΪǵѹˣ
СѾͷƴҧס촽İᵯһĵ¶һ˿ɱ⣬һڰеڣһ鰡
Ŀ飡
ϢһԾȥɫ·ȼգӵ𺣵߳ĻһЮһѹĵ߹ȥ
ٶȲ죬Ȼһ·߹쫷һĽɽ԰·ȼַ·ɻҽƮƮķ졣
⽣Ӱʱ֯
һ£ԽХڵʽĻŹ˵ĲãԵʹԵ
ʩչԵޱȱŤֵȴƫƫʩչԵޱȻ
ܷϣΪӰ죬Ϊʽ߸ڽýǿһЩҲȻ˵ʤڹ䣬ʲô⡣
ʵ⽣߻ӵһնƱףһǿ𣬾ͷ·Ѫ֮һնԾƲɵķʽ
缱ˡһֻӽһҪ
һԴǣ

ɭʩչս壬·һԻ֮أͷף꣬˵һ
κΣƮ䣬ȴΪ޾ĵ༼һ¹⻪ʩչ
һת۵Ĺʣƺ߱ˣͬʱХս壡
Ŀ΢䣬ɭϮҪɱˣǾɣ
һ룬һʱضɽҡʩչ©֮ɳȻһӿޱȵĽϮ
һϻ𺣣


402 𣬱ı
һӿɫ䣡
һʱ٣߰Χڻ𺣵У
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ٺ٣Ϊүһʲôڣ
Ȼ֮âһָͣⱾصĵȻ鲻٣ޱȱŤ֮ȴޱȻĻ
үЩ׳ջ忴һүǰҲǣ
ڰյУһƾ⿰ƿֲһȻХүҵɶӿôù
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Ȼĵͣһʵսʩչ©֮ɳϴں޶ѻûʩչ
Զ©֮ɳһֶôµĽ
һ̤񻯣Ƿݿƿµ־©÷⣬©ǶԵʱȴ©ĵ˵Ԫ
ףɫ䣬˲еʩչһΪ֮ĳǽ
һ˵ײײ׹ɳĮУĻɳ·ΪĽϢԼǷ輤Ļɳ˸е
ֲ־Ĳһ𺳵У
紵ɳѪ
޾ޱ޼ʣֻǿ˾ֻӿȵĽֱɫ䣬޷ȻⷽԲɷĩ
ǧܳ˷ƶˣ⣬ǲصͷͽܵı£һЩ֮⡣û֣Ȼ뿴ߵʵȻźõͽܡ
ˡ
׹һشһߺڵСȻһ£˸Ǳһ֣صĨȥһĨѪüЦԭǲҹڣѹֲҵֶеúˡ
㣡ɫŭ
ȴʱһӰռ£ת˲м䣬÷һʱͺ񱩷еĹۣڵһף
ɫɷף־ѿڣۣ
ЦĨѪ۵СѾͷʦɴٳְˣһ׼һȡ
ǧܾûһɫⶼͽܵģʦôʦġҲתָ㽭ɽԲУҶϡǳˣ
ɫҰףڷɻżǧܣɫ¡
һɡȭͷ󡱵̬֮岻ǵĻ壬ҲǻһԱĲƸһݡǰҲʣ
ŭĿӣ߰ͷǰԼҵһҵҰһ޵ı顣
ң߼ڽָų򣡡Ҫƴһ߻ܸ߿һ㡣
ɫ࣬ȴһ˿˵ζ
ʱ򣬼ǧһǺˡɥʧ־ı壬һֻתƲƸȥеıҶˣʱﻹ
ҲñЦһԶټˣʾļӲƸһߣ
ߵʱСѾͷͷһۣ죬ȴǲ֪˵ЩʲôĬĬߵӰ
ģһСѾͷϻڵذϣ


ݳľƵС
߰г⣬ȻһܡʱвĻұڳĴӡ
߳ʱ򣬺ȻͿһṴ̋ʿһ˼ҵУɱ˼ˣΪһֶ
˼ǶһЩκһЩĿ˸Ҳˡ
ƺһĻüǰӵնɱһʿ䡣һڿն𣬺ȻԶڳдԼʿ䣬ͷ
ԶǶȻǲȱϵִ󣬺ܿóеĻҾõ൱Ŀơ
ǧ룬ܿݳ»ָڼƮѪϢעˡ
ʱ򣬼ǧܺȻ̧ͷˣ
˵Ҳܿ췢֣ӰӳĹ۲СƲ죺Ѿˡʦͷһ£ǡ
ǧף£ס̬ñʾһ£ɵͷƽԼϢǹ۵ĳϢֺܿһƵתߣ
ˣҲĶ˵ءҲ˵ЦģҪ׼ݡ
ԣһ׼ⲻ˵ġǻ˱ۢ׼ݺ;еȣҲûšΧǵѾҲƺڼǧܣ˲δֹ
΢ЦһоУ
ݳۢΪ׵Ĺ٣ܿƵرԶܿƵҰսﲻΪڶĿһеĳﱸ
ܷ߰һȥʿ䲻࣬Ȼȴδж˻ѡ񿹾ܡ
ߵһһסȥζκ˶һּ尾εıǲףȴǸһѵĻᡣ
ýĽߵߣüӵļӣ
Ȼæµݳǣ·һ磬ֺһӰǸˣһӦٲɡ
Ǳġڷ·һ֣ûˣ
Ȼףһ΢¶һ˿ϣ覣һ᣿˳Ĭ
ڳĬΣɫ谵˿ͳþ˴ұ⼸ĳһЩ¾Ǳ棬ǲ֪Ҳ²һ
Ҳ覼λԵɵġ
㱵ظǱôһĿȻ
Ϧ£һůůķ紵ϣȴֻеȻ

յǷ꣬˽µ۲
ЧҳΪʡԴ˵沨һѡǰ;δ֮ȥѹϡ
һֱڶ죬Ŀ˼ǧ۵Ĵڣ˲΢İһۣое
֪ǷռǧܱϢԵʣһҹ֮䣬Ϊ˳ȫ壬Ϊǰ̣Ϊ˽ģв˾һȥ
ۢΪ׵ĴСԱǧرԶҰսʿԼԱļҾ죬ƺƵȻˡ
߱ΪѾô׷һ£ֻΪ˱ʾһ£Ҳٻ¶档˭֪һʧˣԷȻһͲܲˡ
һͣе졣ĥһ£ҲͲȥˡ
֮䣬һСΪλõĹϵʵ̫ԶΨһҪǵģһСǷϽͨмǧ򣬸Сѹܴ
һǨƣܵ˼вˡҲָֻţۢȣԾͽǣ˳һСѾͷš
ֵ߲̬ȣҲǶٰۢ˵ġ
Ǽްмǧ߽һȻٶȵǹƥϻݡ
·ϣ߻伸ļҡͷ죺ż˾ô飬ҪǼˣǻˣ
ʵ۹һݸ߷ոѹְҵ


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үӣҲ̫ˡ
ߵĲܲٱԹĲҲһҵ㸴κΡҡͷû˵ȥ
ܲһԲ߶Ļһһĵطǿ϶ɵġ
˵κĲκžжƣ֮սʮҲ̫ˮˣѹ˼ҶҪûأˮ
ܲɫ䣬·˵ĲʵϣҲǵһĹȥͺʧһ
¸ϻ߽֮һͶԹٹ硣
һ磬һΪεڡĵҲΪӣǶлҰҲίʵ֮ɽܹҪһʱΣܸսڡ
һ룬һͷѡ˵ţҲĺܲףҪ㲻
һͳĳͷһͳ״ĳܸľţȻ൱ĳ롣һͳĳţΪƣȻһͳĳţǾûй̶ơ
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߱Ҳû̫磬һһɽУҵһΪεڡŰģųĶͻΧ顣
ȻڲܲٵĿ£ȡͭΡ½һٴ˻ϣȷϸκŵս顣
ÿһȻ˲ܲ٣ȴȫս飬ǾǱˡ
ȸӣãȻ򵭶Ĳܲ٣εش¶ͭﴢľ꣬ת
߶ξУκβãȴҲֱӼӵĻȡ˴ľꡣڱƵʱ򣬾͵һڣľꡣ
粨Ƽ·񻯸֣Ͽ֮ս߾ֱӼӵĵڶľ꣬οǰһҹľսҹ
һľ꣬Լˡ
ϸ˼İްաǰһҹʵǲòӣóû༳ȡһЩġ
˵ʹһսĪҪ˵𣬾۶Ȼܵһҹľֻ꣬ǸһĳţҲǴ´ࡣ
ˣͭʱҲʣ°ڣԼĪʮľꡣΪľ
ţϵľ꣬Ҫս顣µģԸսš
Цˣͳκ˶óһİŷ
ȸţ
ߵԾּĵȴ͵ľ𡣲һĹͭУһһսһԴԴϵð

ÿһ󸴻λǰˣСˡ
ΪҪǸҲٶȣƱߣܸۡ΢һͶݷ֡
ŸÿʮΪһСλÿǧΪһ󸴻λ߰Ծզ಻ѣĿ߸裬һͿˡ
սɿһһĳ֣ܲٴӿȻ¶һĨ˷֮ɫսսǰ˵ĸоȴһʵˡ
һǧһ߱뿴ľս飬ȻִԼʱ򣬶ʱֹͣ
ûˡûжµľˡͷڨڨ죺ѵԺҪȥսͣ
ϸã߹ϰѶľ꣬ҲóһȻľ긴һ
ǵһθսȻǼ죬ҲԼİѸ־ܸļµһ׼ȴԼ߱൱Ĳοֵ
һľ꣬ԼܸӢս飬һľ꣬ԼʮǡҲǰĲ֮ͬԼԪȻ
ϣ߻ûʱȻԾԾԣһᣬ϶һڵľꡣ
һᣬһһλľս飬Ӻɿĳ֡ĬĬϰ𶯲ѡһڵľ꣬Ȼ൱Ԫ屶
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ţͳ˧£ȵȣҪķѴľһ۵ľ͹ģ
߷ʹɣѵүڱΪɱ˿ħѵڱðȮ׷ɱۣ׷ɱǲżء
һ߽޾ľŸȴûעһ׮Ҫ·ˡ
ܲĿһƮȻһƵģһ𺳵ƲȻһͷţս鼼ֺǡ
ܲٵĶͷһҫ۶ĿĹ⻪ΪһĹΣԼٶսӿȥñŭһӿַ·ǹһ財
ǵĹ⻪һĿķʽսǣսԴС֪ΪΣߺȻһּΪĸо
һת۵Ĺս飬·һ˲ͻˡ
£ĻһսǣȻҵһĿ꣬ҵһһȻһ㣬ϤŤͷ
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ܲܲ⣬͵ؿһۣƮȻ˫ƽƽһ̧ȻİȻ񣡡
ſڽࣺ⣬⣬⡭ԼҶ

Ҳǳŵͳ˧ܲһսǡ
ĿȪܲ٣ս飬óһԵĽۡûǱսŪĸ顣
ȻһƲ죬߲ΪȻսˣֻǿһƲҪ˵սڶߺɤӣҲǳš
ĬȻΣ߿ܲ١ܲٴʱĿ⣬ԵһЩ֪ǷΪ߸ľŵԵʣƵصͷ
߲ɫ룬Ūͭᣬһθһս
ȻֻսãȻԭأûܲ٣ҲûߣǸһ룬ȴûս顣
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ܲãȻȻǵá߶ʱȻڨЦѣȻһӾûʲôɾ͸ˡԴһ¶⣬ѣսʲôʤأûƷ̫ûƷˡ
κֻһΣǶȻġ
Կ֮ʹԼйؽڡԣǿеʱڣھĸս顣
βǲκŵĵһҲһ֮ǰļ£Ѿˡ
ƾܷκսǾͲ˵ˡҲû飬κŲǴһͳʱĳȻ൱ֱġ
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һ֧Ӵľڵ·ǰȻȻһѾ
չо;УҲǱɭȻһ֧һ֧֧ӴǰԼҵĽرۡ
һһɿ飬شϢżһһɳ죬飬䵱߿ȷް
ȻǷڵ򣬹Ϊ֧ӵĵˣκιŴ½춼Ҫ
ڵսУʵֶʮսڱΣǾѾ൱ɫĳˡɷһִʵֵġ
ս죿£г;ڣۡսڱΣеǸִУۣͺñκ˵
ߵսǴĿı仯
һһС񻯸֣ԶԶԡ͡ΪʵǼӡ˵Ǽӣ֧ԴɺӶľӣҪʲôСҲֻ޿κΡ
һ֧Ӷһ򣬴֪ġ
ҲһۺȻ٣Ӷϣܱ߸ڴʧľже΢һ
ȻԸܱߵСس۵ġܱ߸أΨһֵôɳ۵ģΨһݣ
ΪҲһ֪ۡ
ȫ͵Ӫ췹ȻϢ
ƻ٣ɫֳ䵱ĴٶȴǰĽ죬ȥ
öһȤձ󡣺йһභ֣ûǶɵľûսĿꡣ
һıƣܼ򵥣ǿԱӪһ鹩һƽɫǣƶ֣ȴԮ
õƣԱΪӪƣȴкǿҵĹԡһ˵ԵļҵףҲ˵˲١
˵κξ±ƣض壬ԼսĿꡣ
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Īγԣг󣬲ʵҴɾ޵УѵһССݣ
û˲õĵطҪǶȻûдµġݱԶһľӣԼҲֻ
֮󣬴ذߵ˼齨һʲô߸Ҳ½ļ˲ٱԱѵ˿ջӪҲֻдԼһҲǧ
ĪҪ˵˷Ӷʮ򣬾Ҳ´ˡ
ĪӥͷͣݺôѴߣعأóײǾˡúͽӪһǲֶΡ;ӵǲһġ
һڶչĽ죬޲˲ɫ䣡
ĪӥҪ߻᲻عأǴսĹؼ

ʲôأսأʱйôЦ£
ȻôΪǾѷˡ
һ˴ղĹأս£
񻯸Ӧӳ֣񻯸ҪսҲҪԶһ򣬾Ҫӡ
ǽֹ񻯸ֲս¾ûĵأ˼һءһصǣⲨʿ䡣
κ˵񻯸ӳ֣ǾͲǽսɱȻһԼûУûˡҲ󣬵ϸһս˵ĳɡ
Ȼ񻯸ΪһĹؼȻû˻ԲеĴӦ񻯸ֲս񻯸ֵĶ֣עҲֻ񻯸֡ӪӪڵĵ
Ȼ㲻ָκʱ򶼻ءȻҪ˿ʱ򣬾Ǵٽ˵徫ҲƱذ񻯸ֵɺ˵һȥ
ֻҪս̫󣬾ͺٳ֮սУҲ߻ȫźö֡ΪǴɣҲܲס˼ҹǽ
ƾɾ޵һĹǧٳûһͳޣԵǺܶġֻ֮һ
ܵ˵񻯸ֲսضȴܲ־;֡
ߵʦۣĪӥһѪ
߱ûԼҵκΣңĵ·ɴҲáǲֶΣָ߸㽲أ
һ߸ûָսֱ۳ֲƽǺã
еݽӲϤ˷Ӷԡۡ͡ͻһȻҡͷƽɫۼ޷ߵʦ
Īӥ㣬ƽݲ練ƣ߲ѵġ
ȻΪߣɺαΪһССݣ˵ʦڣΪŵģ޷ǾۣԼǱڵСۺͰꡣ
ӶʱڣһһӪƷӴҴҸĪӪ
Īӥɫ䡣
в汱һʱ½ѽݾڡ
߷Ϣ۰ϢȻʱѾ׼ԼʣǰݣһѾ̡
Īӥ۲һͷæСǰޣ֪ȥȻźӶϣԼϢʹʧȥ٣ݸ
Īӥɫ΢䣬ӲͷƤ˵鱨Ӫڱϲ֡˲٣ݸ
һ˵Īӥеɫ䡣
˲һĳ֣ƾţҲһĳ֡
˲ıϣһΪĻϢһ˲ͻеڶࡣ
Դͷԣ

ݵģǴɣҲĪӥ
ϬͶдӺϳ˷˶ϱءϲϣһ·ٵݡ
˺ѻѺϬֵƾһβ粨ŬϬȻΪȨҪԱˡԴԴϵ鱨ڻ㼯
ĪҪһЩġϬ˹һ·ͬеһȨ¦˵
շ࣬Ҫ׷ǰ¦յһ֮ɫϬ絭·Σ߾߱Ӷϡ
һϵȻϵܲе˼
ϬԼ֪¦ǼȨĳԱ·ӣʲô˶СĻ޵ģ¦տһԼĳĳԱ
߲뵱ʵۡϬ¾ԭĿҪһҪֹһͳ¡
ԱΪڱ¶ӣδһֺõİ취˳˳ʱû壬ʱȴкܴ塣
ɵǰشӴĲһϣѾ˺ˡ
Ϭ粻ܣ¶Ի󣺡ȴ벻ͨΪҪݣɲðһ㣬Ӧʧȥʱ䡣
ɵǣΪ˽𣬾ͿϷŻԵˡǣɻҲԲǡ
һʦֻҪ·ǲ⡣һǲƽݣʲô壿
ǳһڶˡ
Ӷ̵Ķڻûϣ˶֪ҪʰˡҲϾսԡ
ɵʲô⣿
Ϭ벻ͨûĿ
۴ʲô⣬۷ʲô߲Ҫ¶壬ҪסӶĽһгɿա
ߺݣֵܷӶ̩ɽѹ֮ƵĽأ


405 ȭڵĵ֮
ע
Ա޷漰һأĲ˵֣ڱ޲ǲ׺һڣܰϢŵɡ
ϢǱôΪġһϢĴͣȻ󱬷ܹҪһЩʱա
ɺӶϣƽݵʱ򣬸·ǡҲڸݡ
һϢһɶϢһҫ۵Ľ㣬֪ͳΪ·ĿĶ
Ӷ
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տӹһλʱ򣬳˴ʧѪĲ԰ʣںĻʡ⣬ȵõü޵Ϣ
ʮǻϢϢҲСΪ׵ıвִǣƵİ
в˵ĵ·ҲһЩССĲۣ;Ҳ˰пмǧǰ߿·ܹǱȽϰȫ˳ĵִˡ
ӼǧܵĿУҲ֤ʵһ·ȷи;١ǧȻʶҲжϣԷ߶
޷֤ǲǴġøһô׵Ĵ𰸡⣬޷̫٣ʼֻԳѼ鱨ΪѴ̽ܡ
һ׮¡ɾȻӱвˣƲѣΪɻԸַӣϮǼǧܵĴڣδԼҲ̽һ¼ǧܺߺвľġ
û׮Ԥе¡в൱˳ȫķʽݡ
°ͻˣΪʲôһݸ߲ͷᣬ߽һЩ£ȻšκΣûܽ
Ϊֹû壿ᣬ豦͹һʿ϶ԲУҲ꣬ǣɰٹҲǡ
߰ǰ̤ϱأҷ䣬һںţߵĲֹѾ¶ˡ
ڴ֮ǰϬٹעߵˣû˿һ֣ռɽΪһģʵ̫û̫ûͷûˡ
ƾΪʡһںţ˶ߵĳЩ⡣
ص޲ȻԭռĿģǸһ֮أΪĳЩԵʡȻ˼һ㣬δؾͲ뵽᲻Ǳưָʹҡ
вƣ߾˳ĸˡ
ʲôɲֹ
غĳһЩ˺ȻһܣëȻǣһһ򾡣
ӭ⣬߲ÿɷ

ߵ˽£ص˶ùʡ
䷵֮Ǳĺͼǧָ㣬·ʱԺӶŲˡ˷̬ȣΪǲ
Ϊĸ·ۣӶеְصӿоٶŻ˲١
ҵ·һ;ͬ顣ж·ߵʲô·һ񻯣ͻὥϳһ·
ȻǲݣǧܵǱ伸촫ϲķ֣ߵȻͬࡣʮ꣬ǻһϹ
һõͽܡǧܰңȻн񱣬ǵ°ܻ꣬Ȼδؾֵͽ
ȻӢۣʦҪʹˡǵʦģͳͳͲͽܸǲҪؼҪԣٲҪһѧҪ˰ٱ顣
ߵһԭĳ꣬ǧ˵ʱ˵һ飬ʹе
ôõͽܣʲôǧĸпȻ˵߽
һߣҪԼ˳Լʲô飬;ʲô·򣬱ضɡǧ΢Цǹ䣬·Ҳˡ
ɽ紵ǧܵĻڷԵøרע֪ν񻯾ž
ҡͷȫעǧ΢Цվɽ֮УȻչ˫ۣһڵȭ̫ȭζ
һ˿һ˿ϢһٵȭȻͷųǧרעĺȻˣ
ϸĸӦΪһĸой졣һᣬȻķһڣȻּǧܷԲڵĲľһֻķʽøˣ
ʲô߾֣оľı仯ԴԼǧܡ
Ƿʲôˡǧȭһ˿΢Цȷһеʦģͽܣ˵˵
ǡ߱Ȼ죬ſڽ࣬Ȼ޷ָ˵ָָľָָǧܡ
ǧ΢Цѣͽ̫ˣʮѣȻжһԣȭģձһȭΨһûɱȭȴ˶ѧġ
ȭһ֣СȭǧĿת
Ŀһ˼ĴףԼеһľ磬ȻǰȴǸһ㱡Ĥ
һֺ֮ζǿҵԸӣһֻСߵ˼ȥ
ޱȵĲֻҪһ磬ֻҪһ磬ĿڵһȴšһõĴţԼΪһ϶
˼ǧܣںδȫȫĳݶеĸС
ǧһԲг֮ɫҡͷЦȻһԵꡣΪ˱ǧȻԶһЩĿתؿͽܣǸп
ȻΪһ񱣬һԳ׿ͽܣʵǧܵ˰
ܿ췢֣ߵȻתͷųʱȲѣ߾ȻһЩͻƵļˡ
ܲµһǷʲôĵرͻԼ꣬Ϊ˱ͻƵıԵ
ȻܹһأܸһһͻƳΪ
ǧܲпǰʮǧս۴κΣǰƾжҲΪû塣
ǧܻǶڵľ磬һôΪ١ԣһ񻯣Ľڽͻƾ硣

ȥˡ
ߵȻȻĲȻתͷš
ǧܵɫأⶼˣȻ߻ǲܹһأֻȥͻܴһܴҪͻ磬Ҫʮˡ
еŲ٣ȴ˻ð˹ƴɻ۶һаͻƣҲûҪðǰ;ķȥƴͻơ
ɹȻãɹǾͶδľˡгֵʱͻʱû˻ֵòʧ¡
ߣҲû˻ںʲôŹ⻷
ǣٺٻɵǿиð˹ӴķգֻΪһͻơ
Ȼߴʱڸɵɵ¡
ǧܵĹǣܿߵϢУ˽ǡһ˶شߵǾͶߵʧ̫ˡ
һΪǿͻƣ˶ش죬ӴֹǰҲû
еĵضͻƣʮҲضͻơαʱ䣿
ǧһ𣬼æ̧ͷȥϢϵҪǿжߵĸͻƣ
ǡʱһϢȻ


406 ͻƣ
ƻ£ǧܵĿһ˿Ц⣬һĨο
ߵϢȻһ䣬·һֵȻĳȻﵴ
ͻƣһͻơ
ǼðգҲǿĹΪȴڶ̶̰󣬾һͻΪίʵһ˵ٶˡ
ĹҪꡣȻ֪ƾķĸЧǰͰĹҩЧΪˡ
ٵ߻Եɺ֮£ֻ˰ꡣ˵ٶȣνޱȡ
Ȼϸ˵ߵͻƣҲǳضˮɣβðһ㡣֪ķԼս顣
Ϊʦߺһ׮£һ
ս飬һߵǰڣ֣ܼٶȡȻһкڣսΪһߵ׸
һսΪߺսĹϵǶԵȵġ
׺ͶȺҪΪΣ߶׺ͣҲζΪٵֻͣҪսͬ⣬ĵһ֧սͿ߼ս顣˲ܡ
׺Ͷȣһӵжս飬һʼܳܵս鼶ζ׿ٶȡ
ԣֶʮ𣬾޲ֻһļһɫǿսǰƣȻҲٲ˳츳
֮һԣսǰڸߴôһкڣ߲ҪָõսҪķΪս͡
иս飬߲ᱻսۣսЧʣʼһ
ƾһ㣬ԼķߵΪԽߣϵƾͻԽԽ󡣾ţСǴԼʮ޳ɲڣ߾ֻ첻
ۣÿǧܿ粽ǧܶͽܰᣬͷȻʵνϣҹ
ڿϸˣ΢Цش𣺡֮·ǰĸǧչΪһ䣬ίʵζ
ǧܶݣ֮ɫŨãôν
϶Ϊһ͵컯ͨ׵˵߹Ҫ˵ȥ϶ᣬһŨΪĸ֣ʥ񣡡
ǧ¶һ˿ȣͽ츳Ҳδ̫ˣд˵Ǿ츳þеģҪḻ
ǧһʱ˼תǧأпȴȻһ⣺ν񻯾ž
΢Цʥ񣡡
ãǧܱһЦϲããƾ֮򣬲̫ãĳɾͣҲܴﵽ
ƻбУǧܵĶԷ

ǧܴûиеοһʦظе̹ͽܡ
ǧܵһϣȻף߿ھһšżȻˣֻҪΪˣҪͻҲ練ˡ
·ܿΨһͽܣδĲóΪڣۣ
վھ۷ˣ۾һ̳ܽɫͽܡͽͷҲ
Ϊߵʦպĳɾжǧܵٹж١
صʱ򣬼ǧǵĽϣҲ΢㾭ʵս̫٣Ȼ࣬ʽҲֻһʵơ
ʦҲ㣬ϲŰһǧΡ߳粵ȴ޴ӱȻǽʽ࣬ΪһҲƽɫʵˮ׼
ǽʽ࣬СۺΪһʱһܴߡһ㣬֪
ǧҲףҲеźġǧʱҲһܴͽȴȻʲôսš
ƾͽʽսţһʮҲδزܡ
սţǾͲǡ־ս츳ܰսݱԼǶȻġҲɰˡ
ڽϣ˵ĽաǧܵȻӶҪˣ·ҲҪʲô㣿
ʼ磺воˡӶ⣬ڹʮ첻̤࣬κŻ齨ˡ
ܷ˳ۣСѾͷҪȾҪǮܶܶǮŮɼƻһǳȤϷȸδŮʶŪһЩʱ
ǧףûٹʣͬƮһƮȻȥڶ̻ʲôΪʦΪ
ͷ󺰣ʦ㾿־߻ϾǧܶûӰˣȻûش
۷Ϊ磺־Ͼ
ϾָͨͨҲָͨκΣǧ˳Ϊͨͱϡˡ
ǧۣܳ꣬ܶСĴ棬νɴ˵ˡ۵Լ£ԼİҵļǧܴԼҲִУʸϵһ
ǧһֱֳģ־̱ʾɣʦ൱Եİϻ
߶Դص˵ıֺ⣬⼸չⲻ᲻֣ǱδݣΪ̬ȡ
һ൱ȷźšصˣɶ˼Ϊ׵ıвȻݵĹ̶һЩ롣
ңصҲûбֳԵĿܣҲʹвӿٶȡ
ҺͷΪ׵ĵȱһЩԹԡ߳ԶǣʱҲֲˡ
񽻸覣൱ԵˡصȲԣҲе˵Ҳûָʲôɾͣ෴Ȼ覽ɹǷǵǰڡ
вһ룬һɺгľȻгҲδûвгӡ
õлϴ󣬾һгӡ

гĲлϴ󣬶ݡ
еĸõĻϷչġΪϵĸ֣ݵλֻһ֮¡лϴܽûвݣһ۵Ĵڣһǿ϶ġ
ݵλһ㣬Ƿû£Ϊϵĵڶˣͺһ̺м䡣лϴıƱ͸ӵۡ
ҲЩʲôֱлϴ󣬿żɽĽ̸һлϴ󻨷һԭõĲ£͹ϵķ˱ơ
ȨΪ˱ƣǱʮ꣬ȻҶȨ
лϴһߣݵһӦҲγһƽ⣬졣Ϊδĵ̣ѳɶ֣߸ı⣬˭ˡ
ڱвھĥݵʱ򣬺ӶоٶٳٻҲڻеִһ졣
֪ɺϣΪ֮ǡһ죬Ӷٳ¡һ죬ǡǰҴµĲ粨Ŀ֮գ಻٣ꡣ
Ϊ׵һ˵ȣ޲һɽͷӪʡ
ĺӶھ͵Ӫƴ֮ƣ˸еëȻԴɵʮҰսڻ
ô죿
Ǵ˵ģɰͰ͵Ŀǣ·ɳĮм˰һһ˶ߡ
룬صһִͬݡʱղ࣬ǷģҲòϣڶԼԤδݱߡ
лϴбƱϵıƱǿʮȴֻ˵лϴû˸˵ͨ֡
˵Ĺע£գգۣһЦԷǵĻش𣺡ô죿Ȼ裡


407 ٳ
ӶӪĵطǲʮ
߶֮࣬ɫ֮һһɫûгǽҪҲû˻ȥǽ
ǣӶ׵ĽݣҲûǽǵ·νһ·ͨݵݳǣҲǡȻû⣬ӶľսҲֻܷ
ʮޱ޼ʰûɵðһпصȺȻ֪νӻˡ
˵һȻһ֧һսԶ鸴ӵȻܸһ֧սһսҲôˡ
Ⱦ½ɬ°ͣһ̲ô򣬲䣬Ҫֲۣۡô۵̫Ǵܣѡ
ص޲ֵؿߣǻڽǣεֿӶ߾ȻܺӶʶҲδ̫ǰ̫пˡ
һСƨ߶ûѧᣬָܳ˵ٶȣⲻǳ̸ʲô
ôĲô߸̣ݵĪǳԱ˳ŵģһרΪ˱ʰߣ
ҪۺӶôףһ鲻ǣܴҲʧʹһ㣬֪ۢĹҲ֪
˭ףֻҪģһ군ؼǣݵĵλþΪһͳ޵ϰˣɲҲԲʧ̫
ۢҲ֪йؽڡҪ۴ɣֲܴô߳ŭôɷƽݵĴ㡣
ڣӶ֮Ȼͼߺɵ۵˽˶Թʲôزɲſϰݣ˭Բ׼ġ
һһͷҲصʣжپӣ
ñļ˴Լǧľӣձ֮ǰ£ܼаǧӡ˹ǧرһҰս
Ҳ͸˴𰸣Լǧ⻹һǧƿջӪһֱûбٻأҲܶá
ҵĴԼٸԼӽ򡣴û˵ΪҵĴȻףûսǰˡ
Ŷ࣬ôһģƲ죺ʿΣ
ԡԶһ̫ȷĴ𸴣Ӷٳ£ݹıǴӱģʣʿ㲻ˣǿǧ֪ˡ
ûһսûѵҪսüױ¶սζʲô
һӣǰսϱܻѾ˵ǰսˡݱ֮أʲôࣿȻߡ
ݸļʿΪ˽ΪձϸߣװձɫǷڴɾҲھ㣬ûϹս
ߵĿĿǰľʵʵǿҲס˼Ҵ˶ڣһӶ;߱ȫѹԵơ
νȺúŮ

ҪʱҲֻгκˡ
ĬȻһشľ󣬹һս¶İǿҵ顣Ȼ¶սţǸûʲô
Ҳ˵һҪȹ˺ӶһءֻҪһأɺһͳǰͲݵ鷳
Ȼû⣬ǶޱؽĵشͻǻشǱ޵ĹҪҲҪ
Ҳ˵һͳһ֮󣬻᲻ĳ˻ҰĲһͳޣǼֱһġ٣һͳһ֮֮ǰڻ˻ʸ֮ǰûκǿɳ߿սĴ¡
һͳҲããûб˻ʸΪҪġ˻ʣؽ޵СֻҪΪ˻ʣ;߱һͳһޣ޵ʵ
˻ʣԲΪô򵥡߲֪ʱģǰλİ׻ۣҲƵ˵ƵĻ
˼·ֱ¥ʱɫصĴҴҸˣѾƽһ٣صڵоĿƳĿӦʮ֮䣡
۲ŭʧЦȤȤһڲ룬Ѿ᲻ءȻˣ
ѾʱȻԣԤڵҪࡣתһ룬Ȼ򣬲Ѿ٣ǴɵҪ
ڹ˼ɹ˼ɰӰ죡չЦĿǰ֪ģа˲аڸԤи೬ָݡ
ֲ˵аǿһϲŭ޳һŭ֮йɱʮ¼ˡ
۷ӶӪӰȽȽգԲٶһ߷й߶㣬ĿȥȻͺеˡ
еһ߷һߺͽһɫе˼ǡܲץסߣɱߡ
Ŀⲻ䣬ҡͷĳ˼Ҳסߵʦ⸽һ۵ﵽȻòҪ⡱
ȻûᡣŭȻѣֻ߲ᣬµͷҲһ⡣ʰһ飬Զſͳһߣ̸һ̸
ߵͷһȺһƮȻ£һɽϡЦеĿɨϣȻһµ˵Ǵɻ岻ɱôûƷ°ɣ
۲һЦѣߣһɱ練ơһ٣ŷֱˣæص⣺ߣ㶷ƤӵġͶ񶾣Ҳ˵
߶ʱüЦл𺳣öõʶƤźð⵱
ɫһ࣬ߣҸһ仰һ٣ȴǴһ
Ǹлˡ¶޸м֮ɫȴûдش𣬷¶־֮ɫͷ죺ʦ˵ҪŪң˳޴̤㡣
ߣһߣռڴɷ˶Уޱȡ
ų⣬ɷ׵ߺȻ̯֣һгǸ⣺Բǽο϶ɱңҪ´εʦ٣ɱʮΰ˴Ρ
ɱãɱһɱʮΰ˴ΣûǷ⻰Ǵȴȴݣǳҫүʦк̨пɽ־ۣ۹޳ܵԡ
е˫Ŀ𣬺һſŭ⴫Ӷ̳ˣһգɾַݣ
۾һп֪˵ʲôǸҲţƵһǴɻʵǸء
֮Աǣ׳գǴǰߵĶȻǱߵģҲỹǰǰ׳գҿɲ׳ա
޲ĬĵˣŴǰڲ粨Уͽʽѵģ
гĬĿ˸һ£ѵ治ߣ豦һ̸ϸڣֻҪô̸£߳ɾ֮֡
ȻǴأ
мǵ豦Ļش𣺡ǴǻɣҲֻǻɡ
гΣȻߣҪ۰ҴԸ
һһ֣صȫȫֻҪӦ˱
۾һգգۣļٵģҶ٣Ҫ۸ʵˣ
п϶һʺʵˣûб߸񶾵ˡǿĳ嶯ն
ֻҪҴɣ˱ԣĳɶ췢ģ


408 ߸
նָ췢ġ
ߺãǴɺг⣬ԾͰǡ
ȡһӲӵĽƱа۵ǮҴţ
һȡ۲һصͷæܿһᣬȻһܻȡһ֧᣺һֽǮһֽ
ƺΪƷ̫ǿţŲ˻
в͵صͷһֽ˽Ʊ;ᡣ˲ĪΪκȻ˰ûһ
ͣɽϣȻ߱ųһЦĵڡ
һٳһ˦ߣʲô˼г㽻ףȴ˹հ׾Ūĳ
һ˦¶ذ׵ݡɫɭޱȣɱĪǣ㵱Ͼô裡
һЦź룬ǻԣûڿհ׵ľϻһ˵еСͼ
һЦļڽζߵȻĵĽƱϺò裬ǲ̫áˣȴҲһֻèƭҡ
ּؼǵĽƱȻףȻ˲Ҫ޵С
߳Ϸʵ˦Ʊ죺ұΪǻôɻǮׯƱأҵ͹ˡǲǿһ㣡
˻ȻڽƱƱϼؼǣǮׯΪͻƳ񣬸ԵؼǶһֽƱòȥģñԶ޷ֵ֧Ʊ
ɫ࣬Цǰϣڿӣ´Ҫһ㡣ĪҪͼɵƵľҡ
͵üŭзǺܿ侲ߣЦǾͲض˵սϾʤ
еתȻߣ߱ϷƵһ־Ļͣߣ´һףһѪ
ĿôɵˣߵЦⲻҲûȥˡ
һԳߵĸ첲գգʹ۾ʲôӣƭ㣿
ȻһЦһͷ覾ǻȥһ߻ȥһߵҪȻǣ˲аЩˣһΰ죿
ʼ磺ǲ²϶Ǻ£Ҳ϶ϡ覻Ȼ޺޻ȭЩ˺ûö񶾡
Цӭ̫۾ڷ⣡

˦ƹκΣĸ
ƾвٰ㱾죬һʱᣬҲִ̾ݡҲ᲻һҶһʱ˦һ
Ҳ۱вԼ߸ˣĥĹУжٿʱҪҪģΪҪĻʮĺӶ
ԼȻ˳ıĴ
߳δִݣѳɶ֣صҲᷴԡĿǰ˵ʼջףҪ˵߸ˣǱвҲϣʱ֣ɹһѹء
ӶӪʮ⣬ÿ飬ȴʱû߹ƶԷҲڵȰ˲Ϊĸ·ۣȻҲڵȴ
һһһµľӣϸ棬Լİݸǵ졣
ȵ졣ǽȵһˡ
ڿϣɹ̫Ȼޱɳ̲ͱȻŮٳ֮ʣһȻԵõģҲעһġ
̵غһ裬ӵ顣ʮĵİһۣƳɵıиãٶС
㣿߾صʾ⣬ǲҪҡͷôС
ȡԱߵСѾͷ߸⣬һͽС
߸СѾͷЦǰߣνֻҪ̫ڱӾˣǾͱ߸
صѸټ߳߸˾ǿŰ죡˦Ŀ֣ⷽ棬ǲ̫ģмңǺϼپˡ
⣬񲿺ս
صȺͷԶȻཻղν񲿺սȻڸ;ԺŨ汾
߸ǳｨˣϵĹϵҲΪ߲ڵԵʡڻ棬ʵԵúܴªû취Ҫϡ
߽յľϣҲǸ߸Ǳ߸һ˵ĻˣԼһĿȻδͼ
ӪԼΡڵһ㣬Ҳ벻õˡȴлȻ
νӪȻǱ߸ĴӪˡȻʱ˵϶ж񻯸֣һõĿˣҲߵ̬ȡ
߸Ȼû񻯸֣ܲסƺʶ٣Ҳύ˺üСۣ꣬ǧܣȻϽɽǾͲˡ
ȻǶȻκιҵġһϵΣʱΪ߸һҲǲ
ĥһǷҪȥɽһ⣿û׼ܴӽɽƼҲ˵׼һɣûʧһˣôʹˡ

֣֣˸񲪣һЩַڷ⽨ʱ̫ǰˡ΢˼Ҳίʵ벻ʲôõ֣Ե
ʱΣʮ︨ר±߸ڼ켩÷
غۢȸȻǱ߸δˡۢҧϽԵˣȻһҶֻⲻ̫׵ֶ
Ȼ˲šͷǱġ걱Ϊһıö֪ĶãǿиѱãڴԪ
ܶ£óӸù
ЦЦҪר¶ڡڶ⣬ʱڻãǾͲܳɼģһҪʱˡ
غۢ˵ͷ߼˵һЩԱ߸Ҫ󣬹棬Ҳʵûжٴ¡ûУǲܡ
˵ѵĶֲһʺϾһáߣ;Ĳͬˣǧķչ޵ƶȿνǷǳˡ
ߺͻ壬ڸ;ԺȣԻȨٵĴһԼ֮䣬ȻҲжȴ൱ƽ⡣
޼ǧݱ䣬һڸ涼άϵƽ⣬һԼᡣ
ţ޸ǿϵѾǷ⽨۷ˡǸεģȻҲʵĸı䱾ȶɫ塣
渵һЩܿ죬Ψһʣûнģֻһ׮£ҲΪҪġ
߸ĵˣʱ߽覣
ԴغͶ֮Ϊ׵ɣۢԶΪ׵ıɣһ档ǿ϶ϣ߼챱߸һʱ䣬ɲ˵ˡ
ߺСѾͷ࿴һۣߺȻθڣȻСѾͷţС򣬴ӽǱ߸󶼶ˣ
ĪҪôʧŶ
ĬȻΣĿⶨڰ߸ϣҲ飬ߵͷһĵı֤
ƾϵǰ;ǾԲܵʲôƨʵ۵ġ˭߲ʵۣݸɵһУȻΪ覶׼ġ
дصĳｨԼ˲šϱĸֹԱ䲢뱱߸һС͢ĳΣҲʹӴ˵ˡ
ֱգ߸ｨϣ


409 ս߾
߸ĵɿĴĳһЩ˵ĶС
ʱԤ߸ʲôδжٵδߡ
ĪӥȴУ߸һȴ۹жٲۣעβͳˡ
Ӷʮ⻢ߺȻϵƣ齨߸ĳЩһЦ
Ī˵ˣݵԼˣһж೤мǧֻºӶٳµʱľͳɢ
Ȼ߸һأǾעǾʷЦ֮һ
ΪʲôʱΪʲôʱ򣿡
ǧܺȻʣЦЦ߸һԵʣ߸һ߻ӵ塣־߸֮עû
ҪһʼһһⲿǿѹĴ
߸ĳԱ̫ˡƾⲿѹҲñвصȼĥϹ̣Ӷñ߸̵ʱɶݵͳΡ
㵱治ʵۣǧܺȻʡ
̹ȻΪһԵӹŵ׷ȨƵĺˣûʵۡȻȻͷʵ̫̫ۣҺܿ϶Ҳϲְҵ
ǧɫһʵ۽ǺġҼҲ֪۸Ҳѡô۱ûʲôô
߲ǰһᣬһɽ£ɽһһ߳ϣûٺô˦ĳһЩ˵ƣΪĳЩ˵ӡ
ǧܰͽ˵ұһöӣ룬̬չЩϡ˻ʣþ޶ȸı䣬Ҳò跨
һϰɽһӶľӪ۵аŮʵ˼ⴿӣҲϡ
ұǰȥģûȥɡȻֻܸı䡣ǡã˻ⶫþ٣˳ͷ֣ƺһȤĵλϡ
ǣ׮£Ϊһ׮ˡתʦǧܣЦЦ˳£Ƿ£ǾҪˡ
һЦ˸㽨ıǲ󣬸ƻһһ
Ԥڵķչ߸δʮڣƾսһ߱Ծ޵ʵǲսҲռһλá
Ȼ˳δɺͱƣȻҪһͳޣȾҪߵɫ顣
赭дĿ⣬΢ɨǧǲɫףתͷĵһؼȻ߸˳׳ӰޱǨ
Ŷǧܾ֣һССı߸жٵӰڿԤʮһҲδжӰء
߿Цʵ۽ǹעǧܣ˭һͳޣа˳һͳ޵ʵ߸ڶ֮䣬ֻҪ㹻ʵƻκһͳ޵Ұġ
һ֡ӰʤģһҪʤ֣߽߱ǽֻҪˣҲӰֱǨ
ѰζЦǲ뱻㣬뱻ڲڱ߽λӡ齨߸ӵݣߵ죬⣬ʱֱ仯ߡ
ܶ£濴ɡȻʵȴеϵ
һͳ£߱ɡȻ߸Ȼ˳ȴлῨסһͳĲӡ
˻ʣᣬɣơȵȣԿƺ޸ϵȻû֪߾ǷڵĹ
ʲôط
ǧܶΪս֮ûǰ˳ɾûСȻǴӺδģΪδӲࣿ
񡱵䣬ҵûУǷĲڻޣ
ɺͱǺԴӲиʼռÿһ˵׷ɱԵʣ
ߵȱǰĸףǹ˲ô˲
ǧΪκһҪִŵΪͽ˵Ϊߵ츳ŲţǾԲš
ǧʲôĿģһʲôӦ

̳ȽȽԶա
üһ壬ŲɽȻӶӪأȱ۳̤̳
ȻһһĲУǷƽ
ӶҪˡʾӦþһִ°ͣЦһ£һԾɽȥƮȻ׵ɽڵϡ
ԾսǧһͷֱӾͱӪ
Ӷٳ֮󣬴ı߾ӶԼʮĵطγɶ֮ơ
߲ı߾͵Ϯ߸񻯸ֲ࣬ɱȽһľӣҲǺܶˡд񻯸֣ͼ̫ܱ͵Ϯ
һ֧д񻯸ֵ£ǺټġǿɣҲܸÿһ֧Ӷǲ񻯸֡ȻӶĶֲߣɸͲκθ֡
ʹ˵߾٣СɵȷǾҲ൱񻯸֡Ϊһ֧ӣԿνǿˡ
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Ī˵ͨʿ䣬ǷԶҲܲĽ֮ɫڷԶΪǱ죬ǽţȴǻŶҡ
һһ´ܿʿ̤Ӫ׼Ӧս
Զ𣬳ܵٶȱࡣȻףΪʿ֪λúʹڣս϶ʿ൱
һȥһᣬİսϱսҲѸñΪǿȴû̹ʿҲܿЧ
ǵһԾĳսͱսӣȻ൱Ĳͬ
Զһ߿žӼᣬһ߽ͣս̫ܼҪǷֹ񻯸ֳ֣ΣҲΪ˸ʿһʩչռ䡣
Ҿ˵ŴܼսģΪл˿ɡ߻ȻڴɾǰսԻٵݣսֲλֲƶ
ÿһ֧ӵһԵս࣬Ҳ᲻һԶǾ֣ȻϤȻʿΪձʿž۷壬ǼԼΪĳ֮䡣
ȻžеĽâǴԼҪߵļܷ࣬ʿսϸڣǸ߼죬֪ʸûСʵϣҪƶսϸڣҪͳλá
ˡԶָ⣬ߵĶУ
üͷ΢壬ѵôײ
һԵǿ뷨صʤǳ̬ս֮ϣʱȻԾΪ
ߵͷʾܽˣĿתĿı߾һ֧ԭսУ̤ź䶯Ĳʿ߰ǰƽ
߲죬Զһ˿Ȼ˵һսΪʿԲ䡣ݵľûоʵսֻбս
³һźҵĵһҲһǧ߾ҪӶĺײ
صһ۳󣬷ɿһս󱼳۶ȥ
һͻأľٶ˫ľ
ʲô


410 ڣȵĴϻ
Ŀ£һһɳս
ʲô
Īӥɫŭ⣬һ޶ɷĩΧľ޲һ룬ɫɷף
߲ǾˣսųǲֶΡ
ĪӥΪǵ£ƺһǰչ߲ս񻯸ӳ֣ȻʮӶ۵Ĵ»ҷ
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ĪӥŤͷɫĵǣȻӶ˶⵽شʧҾĲǣʢŭ֮µߣ˼
бһĭȴֻΣͬɫڣͷ֣ǣס߾͹ˡ
һµ˵ͷһ·һһӷߣ
䣡䣡䣡
һǧ߾һǧӶӭս֮ĿյϣԽԽ뻮һĲ£أò
·̹ˣڿյ𽥼٣ٶȣȻ󼴽Ȼײ
ڴ˵Ⱦ֮£ɪɪ׵ĺӶͱ߾ʼٱۣӶȷһ䶯ŭ𣺡ɱ
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һһУٵ졣·ڵ⽣ӰкȻײ
һǧ߾һֱ飬һ׳ңűˮһսľ¹µĴɾϱȻڱУҲɱ˽Ϊս
潻սУսҪսǳҪ
ڱѧľָӣ˽춼½ǿսáȻǲĿÿ̹ġ
ޱ𺳵ɱڶ߾ǰһ£ųһ·𳬼½սнһоսУ
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һڵϣƮյĹаԳԾѡ˵һţΪѲһ⵽жôѲ
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һ·ǵصĽ˲ضתߴ֮£ȻеһĪѣ类ĽɨУ֨֨µļ顣
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֮ĽɫԻͣȾأָǵصĽΪɫָ֮Ϥи
ʱޱΪ˲ŽʴиһУ
ڵбǽɫԻ䣬˲ߵϢǣѣ
߲ǰǰͻΪΪΰ󣬾ˣôܻ˿죡

ò˵û࣬ȻֲԴ
Ȼû࣬߾ҪԴǹɫ΢ףƺŻһѪתһս鼼˲仯ΪһʧӶݶȥ
ЦӣѵҾͲ׷Ҳ壡
ϼ͵ġ¡߼쭷ɣһգۺȻͿԽԾ𺳵ٶȣ쭷ɼ׷Զ
һ׷߶ʱëըֱײˡ
ںȻӻ˺ӶУеνơʱһ־ȵĿ⿴ӻĹڣȻ󿴼ߣ
ĿӾȣԹ䣬Сģ
߼Ҳ룬ҪߡǡʱǧܵΪڶ߱ըֻ𣡡
㻹Ҫֻ
ĵףĻĳЩɫ΢䣬˴ǰ㻹ҪֻбҪϴκսЩء
һĵȽȽעѪУȼճҵ¶ȣ
سһߴֵЦˣ˼ϰˡΪԼһǰǸ޹Сã
еЦߣԼͶǾԹˡһ֣ʹӪƮȻշǧܣѸٰ߸Χ
˵ĵɫλ汧Ǹһûϰµת䣡
ʲôת䣿
ʱգ߲ǰСˣһֻϻһֻܳ˸ҳ˵Ĵϻ
ؼˮ΢Ǽ˺ѶĤһħ֮Ժ
º͵΢ЦڣҪɱˣ


411 ©֮ɳVS˰֮
ļǳֵļڡ
һ䡰Ҫɱˡʱͺ̼е˵ЦһЦмһˣ
һк󣬱ɸְΧ˼ܣɱˣֱƣֱ
ϣȣߣȻһֱʦңδܰΡȻ룬Ǿȡ
ɱ׵̬Ȼߣɱ֮ᣬ
ǰĲ粨ɵۣһЦίʵ̫̫ʧˡ̫̫ɣҪأ
Ĺ⾰ʵھδȻףѿڣСģ鱨
УĪӥ޲ʧɫͻΪ֮ãôˣ
һ֮Ȼ֮ɫҲգҲգڲ񻯸ֵļйУ塣
Ǵˡߵģһʵ׳󣬶ǲٵʵͣ
ɫȻս塰ΰ˷ȻһգۣһЦĴ񻯸ֵİΧȦУȥ
һΪˣߵӰֱ˸ͻΧȥΪĿǣӰÿһޱʵԷֱʵ
һ棿һǼ٣
һӰ˵ķ򣬺ȻڡɲǼ䣬һӰ·һӿŭ
۲һž⣬ХȻʱ䣬еŭһĨ־壬ʧ룺ʲô
һӿĽɫŭѪɳɵһɽɫĹ⻪
һ˲ĹҫգƺһռŲƣڵĵطŲȥ˿յĽ˾ĸɳĮ
еĹâյĹ⻪һбʧɫǱĽȼյĻɫȻΪһ죬ȴޱļ
ڵڹŤĺıս鼼ȴֻĿױȵķâ̴
ࣣһԺĴӹϴ͸žһ´Ӻ󱳱
ȣϢسڹеˮ֪ʱʧЦŸֶҪɱˣ֤赲ҡ
ƺһЩȴûע⵽ÿһѪ·һޱȼҵ
Ψ΢ȭûԲ©֮ɳǶԵġ
©֮ɳ̵ʱ䣬ǿͷŵ˵оԪһȷĵ·ϣ

ߣһٱ飡
˫۱ŭԹǵϵĴˣڲǴײˣһǾһ
Ϊ嶷·ԨнױΪƣǡܻظųɵ
߰զ಻ѣһв©֮ɳǰΪҲֻʩչһΡһΣͺĹˡֱֲ
Ҫɱһˣɱһ͹ˡһЦ⣬һǣȻԵõĶӰһ죬ƮȻ쭷ɡ
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һƱɸ֣׷ŭ׷ľ룬ͲĻ£߼Ų˻ر߾׼еȱŭӣһеĳ
ãһ߾ˡȻһ˿ŭһڶԲˣһȥɱ죬ֱָУүӣʲô
һ䣬ޱȱߵŭ棬ҧ췢һ𺳵ߣˣ
ʱϢŭ𵴣бһĹ켣ɲǣ·һһһ使εʻ
˰֮ҹڣ˲ʱ԰ס
ԽʽǿʽνһֱΪǿĹһʩչʽ
Ϊյǣһҹʩչı˰֮
ˣܣǱ߾Ǿֻƴˣһ£Ŀ峺˾ԣ
ս壬μǧš
Ŀǰս鲻٣ȻҲ֣Ҫ˵սĿǰսУΨƽսս鼼ʺϡУϼͺԨս鼼ʺϣ
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С¥һҹ꣡

ߵĿгȼյս⣬һ̬档Ӹƴˣ
Ĺ⻪ΪǱڵȻХҵĳǻ£סС࣬࣬࣡
𺳾ף޷ǿҡҡ׹࣬ΪκȻֻ
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ˣҲһнʽоܸΪߣ
ʻĽ
һɭȻЦ˰֮УνϤޱȡⱾһСƣ
ţߺбųĹâ·öκ˵ڰײ
һޱұԶ֮ȽȽա
˲ɫ䣬ԣߵĽ̫ǿˣȻԼڡ˰֮Ϣţȼյһ˲֧飡
Ȼʱоŭޱȵķ֣ߵȻһɫεˮɫĻɫ֯һ𣬸ᲢãȻһּΪ⣬Ϊǿ
һķʽȻ࣡

ɷǳɫķ͹ǿûܷС۵ս츳СҲϣǶе𻯽ȷҲǿʱ֮һ
Բ仯
ˣһͱ˰֮ɷ飡Ȼһ·Ҳĥ˱˰֮൱
©֮ɳ٣Ͼߣֻʵƴֵ©֮ɳСμǧšǿⲻҹھȻҲȻмܣ
ֻ֮࣬е˵ĿټҲߴʱĴ
ǿҲܲס˰֮ı߽⡣ȻߵȻϢķֽΪ
ֵһ򴩣һڶݵ˲Ϣ
˰֮һα
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һڽʽļ
ߺͲ©֮ɳʤߣǲҹкͱ˰֮ʤ
貾׵ĹԸУҲʱĸ˽


412 ۶ۣԴ˵
ȴһУؿãҲȴʻʩչӰҲܲһ
Ȼȴܶ˰֮׵ķâ
ʻϣըһѪɫʻϵ׷·ֽƬһ˺ѣ
еĿÿ־壬ձŤʩչһı죬κ֣ȴֶεߣ
Ķˣͼƿκʱ̫ݣȻֻؿŲ©֮ɳƺ񱩣Ҳϸ쫷磡
·̴©ÿһ˿ѪÿһƵԪɿš
һ̳ȽȽգƺ˱һĹ⻪ҫ۾
һηɿԶ֮ˮ߾Ӷľ½죬Լ񻯸޲˲Ϣɫ䣺ãٵס
һβǶ˽֮ʣȻȻй¶ϢȴױȵķʽۿҪϯԲף
Ȼвֻ±߾ͺӶǳһ֣֮Ծ͵¼ǧ
Ӷͱ߾񻯸֣ӲͷƤǰƴֵΪԲһĶ֣мܣλ˵һ¾ͱɡ
ƿֲನ𵴣
Թû񻯸־սֵǱ˹µɱίʵֲ̫ˡ
ںӶڣͣ߾мǧܡͺͼǧܣ·һڸԵľ֮ǰ΢һ̧֣һѵ֮ǽɵذ𺳵ನ
һתۣδſɢȥ⻪ҲȥߺиԿѪɽһȻ˫˫£
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δ۵Ķ֣һڣǣסһʱᣬ벻ѡһߵ;֮У
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δ䣬ǧһ˿ʢŭĻȼգһ˦һصɳΪܼڵֲļ˺գ˺ѶĤ
һȺߵĴɸ֣˲ƱڵһÿһѪԶߣ
ǧ𣬺òҵһ츳׿ƾ֮ŵšѧʿŰϹһôõͽܣȻˣǧȥʲôطҵڶ
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ʮͳ𣬲֮硣˹ͽܣǧܾٻһǧ꣬Ҳδײһ
δǰֹҲδַļǧܣΪοڱ߸衣ΪģȻһǧѷͽܣ
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ನĵڣŵʱ򣬱߾ȻŵôʱʿǣźսƶӶƽ
۲Ұܣʵ̫ʿˡӶսҲʿתֱ£Īӥ󶼶ɫѿƿڴȴ޿κΣ
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ĿתĹ۲ΣҡͷЦɾ鴫ֻ£ȻܽϺѹ¸Ѵɵв
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ߴ㵣һ˰֮֮Ƥ뼡⾹Ȼɱ佩Ӳ׹


413 ǧܵ
߾սݣ
˵Ƚݱһʱ߸°Ĳ١սʤίʵӰ챱߾δġ
߾սսĴɾͺû˹ϴǾ޵һǿʵҲûû˹ϴɾµһǿʵҲû
аٹٲСսܵ˵Ҳǳƽˡ
ɾͺӸһܣͺƵġڴɾûǿľӽֹҲû˻ϳϴɾµһ
һ㲻ʵܺ⡣
Ҫ˵ˣҲĪҪ˵߸Լˣ߱Ա߾Ҳģֻһƽɫı֣㹻ˡ
룬µı߾ûüϣȻսУ˺Ӷ
ɰ˸УӶ϶綫һġӶǰսʼնǰߡ
ͺư˸ͱΪһɰ˸ҲԱǰ߶ӵΪˣܺӶҲһ˵ĳɫսˡ
֪ɿǺбܵս
սǧ࣬ߵдԼǧࡣ˱߾һսĴνһսΨһźǺӶɵƯ߾ûܰȫɴʤ
ȳսһǧԭϱӶһǧĽӴսһսľǷԶΪעġ
һǧϱӶһǧĽսϵĵһսز߰࣬ܺӶ
ֵ߲ԵʣҲʾԱϱͱرԱΪı߾ʿΪ岻ɾ߱ɾʱ
ʲ֮սΪ߾ϵĵһսû䣬ʤս˵ӺһʵһΪ
Դˣһˡĳƺš
ĳһЩսڵľӣ֮࣬ŵġǣֶķֻϵļ𣬼̫ľӡ
ҲǱ߾еһ֧ȡ÷ľӣ

߾սݣ߸»ʱ
ɣϱ˰֮֮ɫĹ󣬾ͺʬһʧȥ뵯ԡ
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ϸĵļߵƣǧҡͷѣƣĺѰ졣Ȼһˣֻעòˡֻ񻯣ֱһ죬˰֮ʴԪ
ߴɧһ©֮ɳڼݵ˲ϢͷŵԪһ˰֮һ˶ǾͻԶҩһƻԽԽأֱ
ĪǳԳˣ˹µĽʲô˰
ߴһսĸ򣬾ȻʶʽĳЩȤĵطһԽʽҲǶ˶ʱʲôоˡ
©֮ɳ˰֮ʩչͺǿֲȻ統ջʱʩչǻ¶٣
ߺȻޱȵĵǡ֮ˮȻܵõ֮ˮǽʽȫˣؽµ
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ǰγҲƾƵϸڣ˰֮
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߶һϥ£ϸƣÿһϸڡΣȻһ˿Ц⣺˰֮˰֮
˰˼ƺǴḶ́
˼Ӳ©֮ɳͷ֣⽣ʽ֣Բ㺰һģ̲޵İ
ϸڣҲԼоеƺԱ˰֮΢һƫǰû׼ΪԼˡ
мǧָ㣬Ҳˣδ˭˭ԼҵĶԣ֮󣬲Żѧ̰ĸʦҲδؾһǶԵġ
ͽ£ܵ񻯸м䣬ǲ벻ϲȻвԵʣ֮һȻִϵƫ
ͽܣѧı죬һ񻯾ͻԼҵĶӽȥϵĵ·򣬾ͻٻƫ
Ϊ޹ؽҪҲܲסĳЩΪ㲻ϴУղͽҲνˡ
˼ʶаγϸںзֱ΢Ц
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ǧʧЦǸͽܣɲһġһȻᣬ߽˵һЩ
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ˡ
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ıͽܱ츳˵ǣȻ߸ûʸ񡣡


414 Ƶˣע
߸ûʱ
ѿĻȻǧܺղʵ顣߸ȷûʱûκεʱ
һ˵ɼ̳һ˻Ų˵ĳҲųΪϵ֮һССı߸Ҫꣿ
վҨһƵƣݸǧܣоģζ
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ԼǧܺľʮҲʲôÿһǻȼţȴǱģսȵȡ
ǲȱҪ˵ʵսδؾ͵ֵùһͺñȺ椣һֱͷڻ˼ʽʵսȵȡ
˵ûǰ;ǰ;еġ̫񻯣߾Ҫʱֲ
Ҫ˵ʵսҲδرǿܲס߻ѧʿ
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ͽܣۿֱǿȥġȻ˵һ¶Ľ֮ɫҡͷ߸ûκεʸ˵κˡ
ǧ̾ϢҲ֪ͽ˵ĵšȴ֪ͽܷ֣֮Ƕһš
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ǧüǶԵġһҪʱչģ̣˿Լ֣ÿһ򶼲Ƕܳɼġ
Ҳ˵ۣһ˵Ҳֻ൱˵ͷܲһ¶̧ռɣҲǱġ
ȻҪʱġ
̺˿ڲ˵ϵϵụ̂û˿ڣû⣬ţ棬ҲûļԱ
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ǮðģȴҲ׵õһ˶꣬ҰսԼ䣿һССı߸ҪչɵĵزҪǮͲһСĿ
ʮʮڣҲδɵĵز
Ҫġʦҩʦʦѧʿȵȸɫ˲ţҲǲɻȱġ
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ꣿ˻ʼ¯֮ʣȻһͳޱ޶Ҫһ꣬ôԲԼһͷײˡ
˻һһͳٶȱضӿʮҪô壬Ҫôֱӹ齵Բܡ
˵߸û˵̹Ȼ᰸´ʣǣߣﱱ߸
ǻҵɿĹҡܻа취ܱĿһĨ䣺¡ԷҲ񣡡
ǧܲΪ⣬ȻţͽܵţضԵʣ
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ն˿֪˵һȻĻעҪߴ
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겻գƸǶںӶоþˡ
˷սǧ࣬ɲûȴսôɵ˵³򣬿սֻʤܣԵɡ
˰ܣںӶֱǴܡ
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һµı߾Ȼɾ൱
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Ҳ˵ߵʦõʱܴҡڵȥɻʹ̤ࡣ鲻õʱҲܹȥһʵ̸£
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һɲۣԺܿ¡ԸԸҲ϶ϲÿи۵ݷ
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豦ĪΪǰҴҪʲôһرߵĪӥѰ˼豦ǲµҡͷ
һ㣬豦֪ûϣˡͱ˰֮ļ߿ҪˣûܲǾûָˡ
ļУ˰֮ҲգֻҪǶһ˻˰֮û˻־ڳȥᡣ
ˮҲģʣһ
Ȼϣ󣬿ɽӪһֱڶ°ΪҪĿ֮һ
豦£Ժڸ󣬸иҪĿꡣͬһǲɱģĪӥҲס
һĿġǱ£ԺԼڸ󣬶һϿɣΪҪġ
Īӥ𣬵һѵǡ
豦ͷصʳ


415 ãߴս
ΣȻͺȣ
ȥ
˰֮֮ȻӿһЩããɫʣϢĻǽڡһתۣǽںȻʴ绯ݶһµ
ޣ߻ͷһԾδ˰֮ίʵ֮
ڴ˷࣡Ĳ˱˰֮򣬾ȻȲ©֮ɳ
̫߰ڰ֣ͷһЦһ۾ͳȥˣĸп꣬ҲǹԪ𣬲ǿ벻ڿ⡣
Ȼ߶̶꣬ڽͻƳΪ벻ҹܾˡƱİɫţ
̫ఴƵ۵˼һֱݡ齨߸ҲʱӪˡ
ϸ˵߸ӪҲһЩ֣лϴˣ̫ǱƵˡǣҲԾΪ׵
вУԶҲ𡣴⣬бмҲһʱ覵ıڡ
ǰͶЧ֮һѷáǱȥˣʱݡ
һ㣬߸ҲдԼʮΪһսսȻǲģΪһصҲΪǿˡ䱱߸־
񻯸̫٣룬ܷ¶ͼǧԳְɣһƹ˦ˣ᲻Ųʵġ
Ҫ߸һЩ¶ģлξ޵أϰӰ൱ϴ󵱻ʵۣǾԲ˵˼·
ңһңڵְҵѡһ׬һڵְҵߣһϰӰ׬һһͲһ
Ƶˡ
߲֪Ա߸ۣȴҲףҪɻȱġҪ֣ôҲҪѱ߸졣
ŮϷƤߺȾʵֵġ
߲ûɵľţսҲһؼͲ㿴Ҫдġ
һˣһ߿ƵؿĹԥԥȥ֪óأǸóأĳأ
ĹɱһݡдԽԴġҪ츳ܣ©Ե˺Ͷͷȴܶɱʩչ
ɱʾ⣬߲ôɡʣһöĹڿڴ߿ֻҪһöͻ״̬ˡ
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սݣ߾һĵƣԼһõĿˡ
üһ壺߸磬ǣôȥֻ²ǰ취ءʳô죿ƾʳһ㣬˹Ŀ࿴
ЦЦ£ʳýСѾͷʺõȻƻδԴԴϵʳ
ֻҪվţǣƴɡĪҪ˵ƣа취ϲñ߸ʡңһļϵ˫Ӯ
գۣȻ򣺡߸磬滵һžµգÿһοðһ֡϶PS뷨
ӶǱÿÿҹķݲݣɾһֱûٴνļ
޲ߵĻУֻʵô죿ô죿
ȹ˺ӶһءȻ󡭡ߺȻ壬һ£΢ܿһ㣺Ȼ󣬹ţ򿪺Ͷ޵ͨ
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ڨЦɡ
תͷСѾͷԴۣһĨĿԵ̫£ԴԴɡ
һЦû˵ʣ°䣡
Уƣ

Ӷû߾û
ƺڵȴʲôӶҲƺڴʲôԼĻ඼ڰȴĳЩĳЩµĵ뷢
Ȼ˵زɽĶţֻһССĿƲ۵ĵԶԿ۾ޣضսΪ⡣
ǿķʽ޲һС½ܱСս
ɶԱ߸չж̼˸ǿG㣬׷׼̲ѧżķϣսбֿƣٲҪ˼޹ƽ
ȴ֪ѧ£˽´ǲѧѧӣ֮ǰֳΣӰơ
ͱ޷ٶȣסİѸɫ鱨Ҳṩ鱨
ɷƵľµҲɵۻңȻǲ֪ɾʲôĿġ
ĶŲĽӶżͱ߾һĥһĥҲʤĥĥȥĹ⾰ǺһЩȥˡ
Ҳǡһ죬޷鱨
֮ǰĳƵµ³ĳһգɵĿڸˮ档
ɱƣ֮ǰеԮܱﵽʮȻû⣬ζĩˡ
һ鱨ʵƲ⡣ҪһͳޣҪľӡһ籱ҪȽһ֮ǡ
Ȼþ޸Ȼģǵڶ鱨
ͬһ죬ʮϷսչƣ
ɾȻս
ű߸ҪԱ棬ð죬һһ˵һ˶ϲĻһľ
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416 ǰҹߵС

أۢɫŹ֡ޱȷţ˵ǡ𡱣ǻˣʹӶ
غͶ֮׷õˣҲǶٱȽ˽⡣һΣȴҲãȻʲô˼ˣǲǷˡ
ۢ򣬷ԶΪ߷ˡ
ԭ¼ҹؼҶʮǰִ򣬱ߴʮ
¾ʮӪϲʮ⡣ӶʮӪϲʮ⡣ܱߴʮ򣬳ּл֮ơ
϶Ľս޴ģս߾սҲ٣Ҳֻʣ¶ࡣ
VSʮǰڱ߸ǰ
Ī˵ۢĹ٣ǷԶϽҲԴ벻ʲô취ʮ
Ҫô߷ˣҪôǷˡƺֻۡ
Ҳ˵Աȣ˵ʱҲȻһսʱɴʱսǼȥϵôɰǲŷϱ߸档
ۢغͶ֮һɫ֮ӲͷƤվˣΪƺǾսĺʱȥȻ᳷
ɿսֻԽԽһߵľжԶһȰ
ЦЦĿãã˵
¶ԥ֮ɫˣΪµȷʱ⻼δǲһʱá˶˵ָ˳ıĴ
һЦĿɨӲμӱλˣأ֮ۢԾԶ
Լսʤ֮󣬱ĺءջӪ׿껣ԼǰߴӱҪصز齨˽ĹǱ
ϸϸغһڲ裬Ŀ峺ü޵⣬ʳͨ߸ɲˡ
ۢȻ˼һᣬȻҲһЩԻ󡣱߸ҪɵȾҪƶԼϱߵһΨһԻǣ߸ûʵ̲ôء
֮˼磬ȻϽĿ´ͨ
޺ͱ޵״Ǿġ롱֣ر߾жǧĳȡ£Ǻˡһ仰ϱһûгڡ
ӱвٵĳڡǣǡڶб·ڱ޵ĶϺСһɱĳڣ붫޺޶Զġ
ˣǰƵĳڣ˿塣ûκ̶ӻĴޣʳ͵ɡ
ۢ˼ɽϣҪôǿ½ͨҪôǿƳڡ⣬
ЦЦǹң˵һЩԴ󡣵ţӶ֮ΪҺǵ˽𣬶Ϊǣңƻɵƻ
ˣӶˣȴڶ֡
Զ˶ͨͷüǣ߾ܻܺӶǡ
ʦ֡ĿŹ֣߷ǵĲ²⣬гЦЦģа취ȫߺӶ
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գգۣսŻŻˣ𺳶ˣȻֵĴЦ
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粨豦εѣǰߵǹƥڴɸ֪꣬ľø·ȫܣ˭ûõôģɾǴɡ
һٵĲڣľ֡ᷢʲôûõʧˣɸҡùģǸǹ徫񣬱űһһˡ
ǰһ׮ô¶һթļһеɵˡ
ĪӥĬˣϸλûǴˡǰʲôʲôڲ粨ʲôãǰʱδܿ
ʱǨĪҪ˵ɣ֪ˣ޲֣߲ǲ粨Ĺؼġ˵һŪڹ֮䡣
ѿǲʵ
粨У˻ٵĶΨˡһߣһġˡ
ܶº󶼷ֻ֣ǡˡȻߵΪֶЩ֤ݡ򣬾Ͳǡš֤ɽˡ
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ߵһֻСڰŪ߸һֻСڸʲô

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߷ԼңÿһζõһĴ𸴡ɽΣٺˣҪ߸߸ҪƵɵһ֡
ûҪսԾܽȻξͲǿܰƽģܶʱʼҪʵ
ûеսǵһΡ
û֪һսű¶ٸı䣬ߴٵӰ졣һأܲص⡣
սϢһˣӸıνǳңδߵԤ룬ҲûĽǶȷչ
һ֮Իڹ籩¶սȻҲΪ֮̽ķӦ
ûԤսķˣһ¶޻ʲôӦ׷ɱ߱ƹ߸ŷ
ߺ¶սţԽٵΪشľߣ
սһᱩ¶缸Ĳ𣬷ںƽ治ʲô˻ʸԸıδˡ
Ա߸жٵȱ߸Ҫ׳Ҫ⣬ҪıΪ߸ûǰ;ûδʶ
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ߺΪһ׮˾ᣬΣҲίʵ˼ľģŸԼһ϶Ļش
ʱսţþ޿ߵļ⣬߸ļˣ
һޱȼľգá
ĳЩڰĻݵС֣ΪῴһоС
Ȼû֪¾һ̡޵δƽһ޴ıһҪתۣ
߱ضΪ֮һ


417 ţ
ܲ裬Ϊעһ
һ꣬˶֮ʣƢ
ˣˣˣ
ǵİԼһ˿ֵ׷ŤͷȥһᣬȻʿɵ֣ͨð⿪Σ
Ǳ߾ؾǣ׷׳ͱصľӣסķǣ˵صߣ⺷ޱȡ
ϣ߾ӶĻʤ￪ʼñ˸еһԺˣҲ½Ľһ˵ı߸
߸½ӶдУҲ½һ֧ϱʡƺƵشӳͨУɭȻòۣ
μӣһȺĽؿһľ٣ʶģǽβǸƤţͶЧã˾ˡ
ҲҪͶƤܳɣΪʲôǲܳɣŵˣޱȿܵ¾
ӵϰĿ̻ңصԾ
һĻһƣϰ첻˼ݼʮ꣬ס߸һֺܲԣûƲΪȻγǾսʲôԣ
ϰҡͷԣҷĴƹ˳߸ˡʵ϶߾һֱפһ֧ڳУҲĴ
ȥûСϰɫˣæվã߸ҪԸĴˡϾҪˣʰϽǱһܡ
ʱ⿪εģȷǱ߸ڳеһ֧ӡΪֻ࣬һȴһǧñȽʣ
Ȼһ֧⿪ΣǾͳп飬ʣĴˡ
Ȼһ֧ǵľԱߵɫӣο˾ˣ߸Ӳ࣬ʱίˡ
ߵ˼ӦúͷԶһΪ½ģϾǱ߸еľ½֮һ顣ԱΪ߸󶼶ٷȴľܾߵ˼
Ρ򡣡СѾͷߵľñȻʵ۵Ľ
ʼӵܵͷԣǴСѬյġ覿ƽһ֣߾ʵȨģҲǷԶǱԼһؽ죡
߸ĳɷָӣҪԱأԼơСѾͷһг֣߾ǡγһ΢ƽ⣬а˴صˡ
Ϊ˰ģ˸еСѾͷҲֻίľ˾ˣǱ߾ͳսĽ֮һ
߳ϣŮɼƻΪܺ˵СѾͷƺ츳ΪһŮʡ
һᣬǣ߸΢ЦĴηӦϣҪϧ
һ٣һЦϧӪһӦϵĻᣡ
ߵ˼һĿȻĴǲүҸǴһ棬беŰ
ͷСѾͷС֣覣Ҵȥһˡ
ʲôˣ覾ȡ
һȤȤǵˣԼ˵ˣȻԵȡһѺɫɡ
žɫɡһɫʻţһֻСա

ߵ赭дһ֣ͺҸڻ¯ϸտһ㣬ٲȻȹϡ
ӵϰ壬ܿߵ˼һ᲻֪֪εʱɫȾͱˣ˵һ仰ڴһ٣
ߵ˼һĿȻݲĴĶˡҪôĴıҪôʵĹ˳Ϊ߸Ч
ĪҪΪ߻Ǽ棬վ̼ˡΣп飬ֻʣĴҪıѻᡣ
һֹһζɫƵôһʮ·ǻƾһǹϵŵҲͷ󺹵Ĳ
ΪһҵĴҳȨȻǺܺáȻһȨƣҲʧȥԵʸ
κˣԣäĿϹŹۺǷǡΨһܣõȨƣ͵ڱһ˺Ρ
ǵҪԱ棬һҲֹס亹ֱðԽԽëȻ
ҵĳЩ˲峤ȻſںҲҪɴ෴ߣקƨݣֲưԡƨ΢еǵĶᵱ档
˼Ҳ峤ΪƨԸ޼ɵĴʴʡһҲܣΪ峤
۷׷֮󣬷µ֮սءһ͸ɬޱȵĿλ˵
˳һþﵱУһɹˣҲһˡʶԣ
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ֻ·ҪôʹһӦϣߡһĿ¶׹⣺ҪôӴͶЧߡ
νɴСꡣΪ׵ĴǼߺʹ֮䣬˭ﲻģ˭ܲƽĴ
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һ׹¶ɨˣǵУ˭ʹɴˣ˵һ˵ȴ㵵Ļ죬û˳ϡ
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κӺȻµҿͶЧߡ˲Ŀ⣬ĵƺˣ飺ҺйڣС¡
һĿӲ΢ҵĿǣȻǴɣδػ¡
ȻͶЧߣ춼ˡ

ǧȻȳԺУ
ᱳͷҲصĲĪǾͲţ
һ٣ϷʵǱͽҲδ̫ѶˣССıȻӵղ¶ĽҵеңǱ߸Ĵ󶼶ȻǿʵҲᱻҡ
ǧȻԹԵУˮ˿䲻ϣã˽٣ôۣ̫ˡȻһЦ£ֻ档
ϸĵİѾһȻɫһ
ǧܼЦƵľƣͶġ
ɵĲӣͽ˵ģﴫмɽϣͼıڣ˭˭ĲӣҵҪıͽƾʲôƴɵľ֡
ɽοսȴʵʤݴ˵أֱھСͽɵĲӣǷˡ
Ц˵ϼͣͽܹԹһطǱĪҪٸң
δ䣬ͼǧһšۣζⱦͽھһͿ棬Ҳ֮
ߴͲҴǣȴ֮ˡ
һͻأĻԺ⴩͸һĨˬЦ⡣
Ȼߵ춯


418 

ǲסĻһӢͦǣһŮС֣̤ɵĲģն룡
һɫʿЦ⣬ƺЦĿ峺Ҳ䡣էȻһһ׽ˡһɴӴ촵·磬еĸо
߲ӵĿ⣬΢Цڰ֣ȻˣͲؿˡϼ͵ͽܣǾͲˡ
ЦŨǣ覵ȻС֣ǰҲʶ覵ģͲˡ覣ʦλ
覺վںɫɡ£ӻûſ߰˰ͷһ˫۾Իؿͷֿ߸磬񣺡覣λǰ
ǧܲɫСߣΪˣ
ЦЦλǰһЩʱգһֱǰݷãղҲǶвˡ
᲻͵ĪҪ˵ЩˣҺʦѣһ٣Ŀ䣺ϷҲûϵôϷ˵ʲôֱ˵
ߵͷһЦǧʾˡ
չգǰǰ˵ɿ߸Ĳӣֻδʵ
ⱦͽܣƺͷӵĿܲȻƲ˼ǧһۣ˲ȣϷ㣬ɳϣΪΣ
ͨߵش
Ʒɵʳάϵһ㣬Ϸܵõһ֡ӳڣܵõһ֣붫޽ĲλҲܵõһ֡
ȻŸңҲѱ߸ϣȫڱϡߺ̹ȻƵǺദˣɲھһΡ
ͽܲͷǧܣŤͷһܷͨ񿴼߸Ľ
ʧЦɽϣоͶƱ߸šԾѣɽϣȻܸ߸Ӱ죿
Ҳֱ߸뵽ʵûű߸ţƾһסһ̾㲻ˡ
΢ȣǧܶ˲豭⣺˵ᣬĪҪ͹ͽܡ²ֻ档
ºЦֹһ¶ϣֻҪӶųһ·¡ʱǱ߸вҲᱻӴ
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ʼ磺ǣǣ²£覾ˣѣô߸ƺ·һ
˴صתǧܣҪͽۣܲھϻҲһЩǧ޼ɵĴЦϴҲ治ס

ҡͷΣСӣʮֽթʮֶ񶾡һȻҲмִеĶʿɡ
Ȼķӣı߸군ˡ᲻ۡ
ߺץͷƤԸһССı߸ҪʲôƲߣˡ
ͷָҵĴҪ˵
ɫ󣬺é®ͷһͷƴɵľ֣ܼءػȭһң֮
һ棬ֱѪ֮ⲻƨʲô㱱߸ҪʵǾֲҫˡ
ȻϲֻſջСӣɫһ߸аҡͷ߸ȻûС
ʮʮ򣿡᲻мЦʮ򣿶ʮ򣿡߱ļʮ
ݴԼ˿ڡ߳ϣڱҲֻļʮ
ɫĮǱ߸ġʲôطʲôƴɵľ֣
ߺܳϿңܡΪҪƾ֣ķ˴֡
ƽͣҪʳҪΪҪֹǣǺʹг𣬲ǺʹɰгûҪƵôɶˡ
ôɴͨߵĿϿң߸Ϊβܷвջôõİ취ҪﵽһĿģһҪ
߸ֻҪסɵҪ͵סɵߣǳģȻֻܾͷ
ǧܣᣬĿ࣡ϣ˼ݣЦȱвϲȱһ˵֪һ룬ϲκ̫ԶҲǰ裬ϲʳʵ
ȻȫԸƽҲѡʧ֮󣬴Ҳؽʵʧȥһͳµʵ
ߺȻ΢ЦҰͲôвӶʳвҪءӶˣвһ
УЦҲޱȲã˴һͳ֮սǰսһΣκǿ̲µҪƴذգǰѹե֮
ӶвҲζһͳ޴һĽʯ
ߺ£˫ƣһըƣȻ󣬴һͳ޵Ұľ͡ĭһûˡ
Ϣĵױ첨˻Ƶģ𺳲ѡصתͷⱦͽܱ͹ˣʮֶ񶾣
ǧܴ˴ЦĬȻ˵˵ֻҪϴĻǵִУδؾͲܳɹıƴһ·
ʲô˻ʣҲ˵δ֪ģ֪˻ʾۼӵ
ʲôһһ˿ڣһġϵ֮ʹһ֮Сǳۣۣж٣͹оԹ
Ƶ۸ߵʹжϣƵĹĶе֮۷塣ֻҪһţʱɱΪϵ֮
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ĳֽǶ˵޵ĻʵģԶʤΪӰ
ֻҪвʳǾһЧӦĿˡ
ߺЦ˵㽨ѣƻס¶һĵĻЦǸ˵ƻ
üƶ񶾣ֻƾһͷûģ˵ͷ˼꣬ʦһЩûܰƤӵʵġ
ţƾԴǾ֮䣬ǰҲǿһŪᵭɽβһףҪʵġ
߲һ㷭ۣӣǰҪнΪֱӾͶˣźʹɶ

ؿԻȻΪηҪһһЦһ£ʾⲻҪ
սų֮ǰһҪŪǧܵ˼·
ɷ޳ۣٳսţΪǰսŸճǧܺں߶ͱӡ
վУںɫɡ¡߲֣һˮָըѣŵйر⣬а취
ЦƵı覲Ŀһ鲻Խؿߡ
ߴף۲һ̧ͷĿڣǷƾڣգȻͼ
ͷᡯ˲ģ
ЦУէȻˣʶһ䡣ƽıġᡯ˼ٱ߸֪к⣿


419 ԰ƽ
ᣡ
覺ƴһֺܾСһȻɫɷףĶҪڳˡ
Цӯӯеɭ֮ɫģѿˡ
ңڣ˳ۣ͢ۻԾ¸Ȥ֪ǡ֪һᣡ
ܰŻۣƲм覵ͣͲ֪ۣһİٶۣǸӲüǵõġ
һ˻ˣǰˡ
ģֻעģֻǵǰһƩСۣ꣬ȵȡȻڶèèۣúܿ죬Ȼɡ
ֵܱ۱Ͳ̫ࡣܰ͵СŻۣ϶޼
СѾͷСãȻβѣڨڨ첻֪˵ʲôǧܷЦᣬ̫ѳŻˡ
߳ŭͽܣǺöѹ˶˵թˣ񶾿̱
һۣСѾͷųɲ֪ȻһΪ䶯Ϊţڸ嵱У
Եɺܼ򵥣һΪ⣬ӵжȺõۣ
ıһͷĻơһıɱҵһۣǾ;һǷۣ
ӵٶ굱УʮҲıΰҵҵ˥йϵ
ᣬǾıҵеİҪ˵覣֣ԼҲҪͷƤ飡
ı֮䵱ıߵĺܡֻƣһ۶϶мȥɣҲ͵ܰҵమãһӵҵɣֲиĸȥ
Ը˵ᣬǾǺˮһĴڡԶ֪öصۣΪʲôϲŮˣΪʲôϲƫƫϲı
Ҫǣһʱͻŵı̬һı̬
εĿŵ覲ֻʶ࣬Ա磺Ϸþûˣ߸ʲôֵϷģ
ߺȻһЦһ߰οСѾͷһЦˣ߸ûʲôʼ磬Ŀʦ㣡
ǧܺȻЦˣ̾Ϣȥᣬ˵⺢Ӵϻ۵úܡҿ˵֪ɣ˴ϻۣΪǳһЩ⣡
߲ɫ߰ΣɫҡͷΪ̫͡
ǧܵ˵ھ磬ֻҪṩĵرϤ࣬ڱͻ벻Ͼ
ɫ棬Ȼϼͣⱦͽ̫ˣΪδΪڡȻһˣսˡͽܰǵĿ괫ȥ
ῴżǧܵ۾¶֮ɫҶףδڽ졣
ҿҵˣǰҵɵˣ߿һûǧɫһ˻ʱȻ٣ûδˡжǿʼնľ֧
˻ʱ֮ǰͻΪۣͻΪѧʿôΪҪı֮һǧָָߣɫ
֪֪

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Ŀɨߣһͻ볤Ҫãʮꣿʮꣿʱʣʲô
ǧԶԣ̫ˣǾûˡѸھ磬ʮ꣬ʮ꣬Ȼ࣬δزһս
࡭еϣɵʧϼ̫ͣäĿˣҲ̫ͽˡ޷յĶ㾹Ȼϣϱߣ
ĬȻǧĬȻ˵ǣ޷յĶʮʦ࣬һ޷ﵽҲǳ̬
ⶫͻƣ˵һ׮£û׼˵˻Զ˻˵߽߽⡣
ǧ۶ͽܣȻתͷնһ޳ۣҲһΪӣ
ͼǧܵĿ⽻㣡Ȼһλܷ˵
һתۣߺߴӵģޡǧɫºһЩ˵
Цλ˼ƺ˻ʺܲ⡣ʵ˻ƺѶԸء
˻ʡǧܵһЦˡ
߻ȻôʦŵģֻСֱȻ³֣
񣡡
㵣ڷӦŭϼͣ쵰׻ͽ
ǧܺȻչգ¶һȻеõĻЦû˵û˵ǵ̸ġǾ͹ֲκˣ
쵰쵰ƿڴҧгݣ쵰֪ͽܽթȻ׻
թǺûһ˫װãȻ֪ʲôûû
ƿڴһᣬЦѣϼͣǰʯͷԼҵĽšĪ˵ûѣͽΪ̫ͣ£ǱǶҪ
ǧܵҵͽܣ
գգۣɵЦῴαı飬ͺ޲һ߷ɣֱǾҴ̼
ŭ߰죬ҡͷ˵벻˵ͷȫ˺ϼһ㡣
ǧܵĿߣ߱ɵãǱʾ˵ʵһ䣬Ѿʱ֪Ķ
߼װɵͷʦǰȻæҾˡ˵ǣɫҰ׵СѾͷ߳ˡ
ûӰˣŤͷɫӣĽҲǳЦϼͣһ۵ĺõӡǴͷƺҲ̫㡣
޶˶˷Ҫͽ᲻ɡǧܲŭߵĻɣοң㣬͵ʱԶԶ޷ȡ
ǧѰζĻݾʱ֣ǣ̫ӣһǶȻƲֵġ
ĬΣţܣ
Ϊβһԣǧƽ˵Ȼңǰλãܷĳ̶ȣ
ǧܺῴܲգãҲһ˿⣡

Ĳݵ
һԶɫɡ³ϣסðŭ
߸磬˵໰СѾͷթһӶӣһ´½ľ飬ͺǰû˵໰Ƶģأ
֪СѾͷ밲οԼңЦСŭΣүأຣҪ׹Ԩˡ
δ˻ΪУǾ͹ˡ
ȻҲڵΪУǾͲǿƣǶƣǷ
Ҿ֪ǧһͽû¡͵žžԴ⣬̾ͺˣ˻ӶûҪĿ
һ벻룬Ҳǲˡüǧʦأ
СѾͷصرĸ첲ľɲ߸磬𣿡
԰ƽ壬ϣûӾˣֲǻյݣα
СѾͷĬˣҲĬΨһĺϢǣ׼ǧܶûж⣬״ӡ
Ҳʾˣвֹͬ˻ΪУΪУ
սܳˣ
ߵ첻٣һߺ߸һ߳Сɡǰʱ򣬺ȻüסСѾͷһȣ
һȰӰӽðǰߣٵˣмӶᣬı


420 ٣˲뻨
Ӷᣬı
ٺðǰɫġ
һصĺ覵ϡһʱ䣬ڱʹ䣬ڷӿ
ޣȻ˿ٵĶΪȡ߾ɫת᣺ң
ͷòƺͨˡ
㶯˵ϣһ˿ȻȻͨˣĳֱմˣľƣҲɲҷѡˡ
ЦЦ˿һ٣էȻΰƽΣ
Ͳ֪ˣ´Цҷһ治ΰƽƲˡҡĿ̹
ֱˬеܲ˰߹ЦɫһࣺȻˣǾʹӴұ߸ˡһƽѵġ
ǣСѾͷеС֣СɡòٶǰǷʲô֣˵һ˵
£˽ǡһ£ԥý̴֪һҷҲǡ⣬ֻҶ֡
⣬˿һЦ⣺˵һԼΰƽҲ֪ʱǽˡڽ
ɡµһĨЦ⣬ûɵһɺ⣺Ϊмۣ°ܣҲߡȻᣬΰƽֻ»ʧ
ǺЦһǴɣһǱ߸ǾϣΰƽòҪʧ
߸СѾͷһԱʲôأ°ɡ۵Ʃ磬Ȼ±Ĵ˽Ǳ߸Ͷ񣡡
벻Ҫ⣬˵ôֱȻһɫЩεŮͶЧ߸һйվɣ˽һҪձࡣ
վǣҲйȻ˽б¾ͿƵطرս±Ҫӳ͢Ϊ͢ս
û˸ϽҲ־ӣǿƵ˻Ҳҡô͵ڰߵˡ͢ǿƣҾƣ֮Ȼ
һ·ٶȲ죬ر߸ӪڴǰȻ㲻ǰһᣬԼܲһЩֵĺ΢ﱼ
ҾҾˡ˼
ӪһȡȻСѾͷʾ˵ڿǷСѾͷ˵ʱ
СѾͷһۣңټ߸СԱٻء
һۣٻãýͱ޷´ִ£Ǵһ㣬޷ֲָֻš
Ϊ߸󶼶̫ŵСѾͷĿ£¿ߣǲҪٻسľƽѣ
ȴʱߵĴУСѾͷһ㵺;ȵõ϶֮ҧĴ֪ͨ߾Ӷ͹¾ҹϮ
һԻƵ޵İ߸磬ˣڱƾǽͷȴ߼ȥһ̣ޱһӵůİ߸磡
Ŀ⿴ߣ߸һִ˦ƹСѾͷҲ޷ֹ˰Ϊ߸֮Ӱػ᳤ڵģջ۵ļӡ
һ䣬ֵӳټƽѣȻΰƽҲңǾһྫ񡣡
ӻʲôƽѣѵǧܿϳɱ¾ʿûȻңǾͱضдɵӰӡɳӦϣȻӦǣƼǧܲǡ
ĿǳںڰС
Ȼ˵Ŀ£صصͷ

߸˷ɿĴټصˡľ¥УȻ˹ע
߸ֻվûб߸ˡЦǰԱ϶ˬ޲þֻ顰߻á֡
Ϭסһӵ۰ײˣȥŵû˱߸߻ڡһ٣¦ڣ¦ڣ˵ؼ˻ѻŵġ
¦Щˣ˵òеǻ񣬲ƴȡߵѪȱѺվлɡ
ϬȰ˵¦նӲˡʱҲ֤Ϭ۹⣬ЦȡѪѣѵǾˡ
¦ղ죬ϬĿ侲ǰ£̼ɱӺ޴ǳ䵱ʡ
һǾһߺףضϷˡӲģɵġϬһ嵭߲ڣȻ̲סЦƽƽҲѧһΣ
ҺȻ뿴ºʲô顣
ϬĿȣֱǰߵеϧĶ֡ȻߵǸƺӰһߵһߵì
һڤ˼ľ磺û˱߸͵ԭµ屻ˣô죿

һ¥УһһɫŮӣӶɨϵĺ⣬ϸʵĳزˣ߸ˣ˲ҪǷһ𣡡
Ķ棬һ֣ȴܿñһǽӣһ˫ܴܳ׳֣ҲһŲ̫ÿףͳСĪҪˣ
˺ȤСƺ֪Ĵ𰸣ȻһΣʧһᣬֻüʱ
а˲ĳɤͳаһδĸֶˣǰվҲ½ִˣ˵ظƣɾҪʮƾ˭˰Ҳ˳߲ȥ
СӶĴӺڰջĿ⣺·֡ССһݣȻвʮ񻯸֣΢һ⣬ʱݴϡá
ߵСӣӻ治С
ͷԷĺһ븹СС¶Ӷ񣺡һӾôĶűģ㻹Ե¡
ʶҵһ죬ҾˡгԱˣ̧ͷûԹζԶᶮԷ˵һôҪ¡
пߣȻ򣡡
ʲôСʡ
ụеһɽ޷Լоǻû¶ľ֡
СΪ⣺ǳۣҲδĶ֡
е־ۣҾԲǶ֣ңϡޡ͡ǹС
СɫϸһƺȻоȻ˸֣
ؿźѣһоߵʦҲǸ֡ĪҪҲûһѡ
С֮ɫ˲ʲУ廨ȻͲҵģȻЦѣҵˣܻһһ֣ûҪˡ
ˣضȻǰŮҰ޵һŮһУȻֱ޵ġ˲롰䡱
ûЦСЦֹסһһ۵ЦҪβд裬ƽأƴģ
٣Ļ


421 ٺڰҹս
һӰ񣬿ޱȵԾȻӶӪ
һһԾ죬ݣô˻¡һоӪʣ̱ȭĪȻ´ﶼ֮¾ˡ
ǰҾӪһ˴γս
ԾĪӥ£Ӫ½Ƽ´һᣬ
Īӥ²һߣϹս̨ɫؿ
Ϊǰ棬򲽱ƽ
ĪӥƽͣŭҲҲֻս֮ĵ豦Ҫ󣬲һǿ¹شɲִս
Ҳǣ¹شһ󶼶ΪһССı߸ʾ
ĪӥĿ⣬ƺڵȴʲô
¸ɫ죬֪󶼶˼ȴҲڲᡣȴٵȴȻһӪԱҴҵ̨豦ߵһᡣ
豦µһ˫۾·ҹɭȻ󶼶ǴңĴıԽˣ
ĪӥһԲһϡͳ⣬ʾߵĶִһȺı¸ȥǰͳ˧
һᣬ籸ս׵Ϥ쵭ȻһȾڰǻ죬ȻǲϤ

ԼľһĿٴݡȱۣ𶯴أͺҪҹƷһơ
ûսǰĹĶҲˡ㱱߾ӶеİܼҲҲô£һСܣĲ̫ϡ
һССı߾ѣĪӥϣ߾սϸߵΪʵսĥ£ȻǾˡ
κΣҪ˵ĪӥǺӶ£΢еս۹ģ֪ԼȱսǱ߾㡣
ţһ㣬û˻ϡĪӥ£Ҳû˻Ͽߵľָ
һ³ʶҲҲ׵ķźӶٳ¡߾òһһǰ߲Ҳˡ
սһʶһ㶼ߵľĪӥȾ½УѾΪҵĵزˡ
ȻӶ¾Цߵľ޲ð˽±赽ʮ˲֮ʱ֪Ǵһ̵ӶǶôûЦóˡ
ҲʵԹ˵УųִδֹƷһӵĴҲʵڴɱȺ
һССı߾ûҪԱҲûҪĶ˺Ӷ¾Ĺʶ
һ㵭Ц⣬Īӥи֡սʤһʣһƽ߾Ҳڻ¡
ٽ춼ں˼һܣӶ£Ҳʱ˰ɣ
豦ƺ˾ĳЩȻĪĳһǿκӶ͹¾սĿģϡ˱º;ãԼڸ˼
Īӥһ˿Ȼ޴棬صͷ豦ĿɨӸ죬׺ݣȴĺж¹ش󣬺Ӷϡ
ңֻܣҲ±߾ܣ
豦һ߾ǰԼ±ϱӣʵսҽӪƶϣ߾Ȼ룬ܻ
ĪӥȻָʹģһһڣ̱߾
豦Ŀ㣬Ƿ򣺡ĳˣԹִ˴жб£оãҲڸڿšϣλĪҪʧ
ҹĳɰܣӰҴɵδˡ豦ѰζĿ⣬ɨӸ죬֣ʧ
豦εĿ꣬Ȼ֮

߾Ӫ֮ǰأɱ죡
ԶǺ֪ȻңƾֱҲ֪ҹӶĽһƽһ
Ӷ߽¾Ͻ·ּл֮ơ·ܼƳ
һССı߾ǾҲֻм֧ϱľӵĽ
ϷɡصĵѣϣرԵطΪҰսԹΪϵͳľս˼·ԵĲ
ʱԶ͹Ǳɫѿͬһͳ죬һǸͳ졣
Ǿս¡Ǿ޵ص㣬սģǾûʸΪǱ߾ĵƣʶá
ս֮ǰź˻⽣ӰȼյĻУһֱŰķʽٵĺҹҫˡ
ڱ߾ΪԣҲеʩһ㣬ܿҲᱻ
Զ͹ǱһְһְһԱһԱƣȴͳսġʱῴӶ͹¾Ĺжôͣ
ջӪʱܶջӪҲû塣ջӪ츳սĿ꣬ǵͨʿãΪһĿڱҪʱսľ潩֣
ջӪܰǿҲ齨٣ͨʿãǾһĴ
Ȼ䣬Զûɵ˱ıܣһʱȻһսûˡȥˣӶĽҹҪǱ߾ûˡ
ǰܣҲҪںӶ˺¼⡣ǱڲˣĻһԶ
ǱǺٷԵģǱְ죬һڱ߸Ǳɵġˣˣ뱱߸ΪƵĿܡ
ǱУ˺ٷԡɽҲίʵȥûû־
׿껣ĿջӪ׼׼Զʧȥ־Ǳʩŷǰϧ۵ǰƽף
¾ˣҲҪƳף
Զ۾һһ׵Ŀռ䣬ҲǣӶ͹¾ĲϿ϶ҵȻջӪδزҧ¼Ѫ⡣
һҪӰƴһӺڰ˳ң
ߴСѾͷƮȻأüҺ񿴼ջӪ׼
ˣҡǱߵͷҲʧڱƵƷ߻ҪߣҲܲסǰ;Զ󣬳ｨ߸Ҳһ㾴⡣
߹ϵջӪóиôôսϡһ٣ƵΪǹʩŷ
ԶֲЦҹӶ͹¾ǽԳԼӴжϣӶƺսˡ
Ҳѹֻʧȥ־ӶڳһɡӽҪ걬㱱߾ľջ߾򣬶϶ʮȫǶ֡
˼Ұ˱в൱ӰţԶȱս־ٵͳ˧ˣһҪ¡
΢˼ߡСʧٸҶסһ̡ҲǰСʱ
ǱʱǺ죬ķֱ档߰ڰ֣˵ֻʣܲ
Ǳҧŭ߰죬ŭһ䣬һϹָӵĴһŭҲ侲ϵãСʧһʱ䣡

ɱսУһӰ˷ʱȻϢĳ룬غӶӪ
ˣˡһģ覡
豦ĿһһһĿЦŶԼҲµǽսĿˣĴϻۣ³Ҳ˿֡
ǲ³Ҳ޼ƿʩ
ĪӥһˣĪҪ
豦ûش𣬽ڼؼսһ½ó﷢һҪ覺߷ֿѱϤ


422 ָ覣ŵ
һֻ̣Ҫһ̡
ߵĻӡڹǱ
һܸʲôߣû֪һҪʲôƽѣνңĲһ׮С°ˡ
ߴӻĦһ£˦صͼָ׿ٻһۼСĴۣһ̡̣Ȼյҵźţһ߳ˣ
Զսǰɱ죬Ҳ£ƹϲɵĽף
ϹָӣǱŭⲪȻǿѹŭ𣺡л޷ˡҧƾһʿսһˣʱܣ
Ϊ߲ȴҪ󣬲ջӪǽϺ󣬳˾ͲΪܡǱ΢΢һƾԣƺǲ°
ߵĿɨӣڵоļлǹҷġһҾ˵ģķˣ
һ᣿ǱͷԶ˶ʱһ
һЦȻгʣζоҪ߾ţֽƵı߾ǣҵעҷġ
ΪҪǣ߾ֻҪڣҾͲ߸ܵ
ߵ˼ˣɽҹожԲΪ˼𱱲߾Ϊ𱱲߾κ練ơͶʮıȻ
Ǳ˴סƷζһֱԣоһǳ򶫱ߣпǱǳ˵ٶĶɽȻΧҷԮ
߳ؽһһǳ룬Ҫʿ뱣ʱ״̬ʱٵʱ򣬱Ϸо
ϵܷһ̵ʮֻ޵İʾҲй¶սĿģ
ף߻ˣĿ
ףǱӵصͷȻͿȴҲ֪߾Ծ߱൱ľ
˵ؽǣϵشֻɹʧܣͷǣСѾͷ֣غȻХ·سС
ΪӶţ߾ӪڳʮߵΪʮҲһĹ
СѾͷͿ죬̲ס߸磡İ߸£̫ء
߱ӣһ߼쭷ɣһߺȻ覣㸸ǰ𣿡
СѾͷĬˣ¶֮ɫСʱ򸸻ʺ۰ҵġ֪ΪξЩ䵭ˡ˵Ϊʲôкӡ
۲СѾͷһҪůͰȫУصε˵ûңڰֵ֧ġ
ŮӺȻֱָץ߸첲ۡСѾͷҪ޳ǴɣǲǴɣ
ĸСѾͷסһЩȵʪѾͷŲң
šСѾͷͷů֮εľǰ߸硣
ĪҪܣһ㱨𡣡߷һᣬһͳ£ȻһͳµСѾͷͻޱڴɻı飡
һޱȾʣ

СѾͷסߣİ߸ҵһֱûеİȫС
˼ٱ䣬ƮȻڳеʱСѾͷȻӱڶΪҶģ
ѾͷȻôٳɳȥδһϸŮֻҲѡǵһηСѾͷһˣÿһһЩµĸп
СѾͷȻѹְ߸ôûͷûԵĶԭԭԭ죬̫٣һЩȴʼտ
Ϊĸ·а˲ǹ½ִˡԼ࣬ʱǣνǷƼʻƣ繷ܣ
ֱԣҲ˳δŮʣ֦ĩڣսҲǴҪġʵǺʹɵĶаΪˣ
ʱǵľɣԵޱȸӡ
Ǵɷ棬ߣԲаﳬֽϽһǼɵĽ
СѾͷЩˣȴȻؼһ㣬һ벻ͨǣǣȫǺӶĶ֡߸ע
ˣǱ߸£һıۡӶٳµһ˶֪߸һ군
ΨһĵߣԼǧܡ߸һģ߿϶û¡ֱ֧߸ԱͽʿսΨһ
غ͵µĹԱʿǣǵܺô⡣߸߽ģֻҪ߻ţȻܽڶ߸
ΪߵţҪôԱƣҪôԼǧܡȴû֪ߵţԼǳսš
˵ʶжϣһΪû֪սţȻ֪һУ˳ֺĽ͡
һҹעһشķˮ롣
ҹ֮ǰ߸һССĳ档ҹ֮󣬱߸ؽһԾΪĿӰ죬뱱޵Դս
֪սŵĵ·ǰᣬֻʣһϰǱҪġ
һҺСѾͷֿǧֱܵӼܱСѾͷ
ߣγǣɵڣ

߷ŵɣȻСѾͷ֪һƻʱΪδ𣿡
СѾͷãȻǸعЦ̽һ£Ƿʶ㣬֪㣡
СѾͷãȻҪ
ҲֵǣҲһĲֵĳ۳֮ǰû֪߹Цסţ
Сӣˣ
Ȼ̤룬ЦĿ⣬ϣżɽˣҪ֡
Ƥû̧޿ܡ鷳ȥʦĪҪϷϷԲΪ߸֡
ۣȻЦˣҲּۻۣҵ˼ǡˣ֡ǿνǿӲ
ᾪȵ̧ͷһųЦֵϲ֪ǲмЦСӣһͣʲôڲƽˣˣ
ƻ̸ѺõĻ棬϶߾һֻˣƤֻöƵĻӡ
ᣬˡߵ΢Цºͣȴ⣺Ҳ㣬㣬һҪ¡ٽҪ
Ҳұȷһ˵֪ͨ㣬֣ߵϷǡ˻ôġ
ߺȻЦˣԭң˵ôֱСѾͷɪɪսѣ߸ˣȻҺ˵
ۣƤ΢Ķһ£ļ̌ͷ죺ϼͣıͽܷˡ˳̽θ
ǧȻϢüƺе㷢ͽܡ
߻δ΢ЦºͲΣյ΢Цһ̾ͣҲŶٸ̨סҪҰѻ˵ˡ
Ҳ㣬Ҳּۻۡˣİ£ȻҾ׵ĸ㡣
ۣЦᣬҪҵĵǲ㣬ٻһӣҲֹ˴һͳ¡
Ǻǵжԣ
Уɡ£ƽ͵ĵȴۣ


423 սŵش
Ǻǵжԣ
ƽ͡
ЦϼͣⱦͽԴˣΪˡ
Ŀ·һޱȵϣƺСӣδǾ޵ڶ֣첻ǣ
Ҫʦϣɱ㡣Ϸݺ¼꣬Ҳû˸ϷǰŰ裬Ҫһѵ
̧֣סһˮ顣
־ֱ¡𺳲ѣȴǳϣףǺǵжԣһ֮䣡
һˮָţȻһᣬϢϷۣ㲻ǣרֲĻǳȻϢ
һˮһֲĺХۼҪߣǧܺȻ赭дᣬʿɶֹҵͽܣ
ϼͣΪСҷĿһ±ҵıƤһڣȻۿɼٶȴ˻ָഺɱΪһ׳꣡
ǧûתޱͺϲͽܣظһĿ⣺˵
ʦûݴҵʦλǰӺӵĺʦǷһ㵭ģҲůůЦ⣬һ˿ĵ׵
ڣܷ¶Լǧʦˡ
ߵĿ⿴ǧܣĿǣǵϣʦҲ֪жˣ֪Ƕ붼ۣ
΢һЦĿ峺Ҳֱԣ߸а취ֹһͳǣֻܺϵ
ҪôҪôжԣ
Ŀ̹ȻĿⶨ񣺡ѵˣյ̬ȣǶȻǺġ
Ϸۣ㲻ǡôɣôļӡıġ
ǧɫ䣬ɫĵᣬеȻǺ͸ǵļӡ
ᵭĮɢϼͣʲôʸǺ㰮Ǻ£ĪҪǵĴ³ϸϵδʸûУ߸ûС
ʼ磬ּӣְ̬ȣôҺۺҪ۵Ҫͷˣרġ
ҿҹ£ſĵ׵ְȻ˲źЦսź͵۵ĺ֮ϵġ
ӵǲҪֺɻñκ˵һǲǾֻңɷ
߲мһˣҪǣҪҡûеۣ治⡣УǽûУҪĶһʵֻ֣һ㡣
ǧܳɻĿ⣬ӵӰʱСߣ˵ܿɣģ
档նȻ᲻֣Բᶯսš
սųʱͻӺ͸¶սŵĹؼǲʦСѾͷߵˡ
ǰ˽ģսвԵʣһشԭ֮ս൱ȷˡʵǾûаëǮĸϵ
Ϊսһش
񻯸ֲ᲻ҲɱӣɱսţԺѹ
ҹȻûǣڣԲսų

ǧܳᣬתᣬն
ɫϼ֪ͣ㱦ӡеĻ֮һȻΣգҲ֣߸ʸɿ⣬Ŀá
ҵǧɫ
˲䶯ݣбһů䵭ӴʦȻ˹벻Ϲһкƣ϶ļ߹Ȼüǧܳʦ
һ̾Ϣϼ̫ͣˡԶŷ緭ĴҶšޱ飬һ飡
áϼͶ˵ˣҾ͹һΡ˼ǧһۣΪѸеһֻˣƤӵĿΪͽ
ߣϷҹͷĵǲϷҿʲô±
רŸıĵᣬȻף߸׵Ǳ̫١ǶȻûлΣҲûнݾġ
ԤǱ߸ţδ൱һʱΨһܽļģֻݱأҲֻṩʮıԱɵĺӶΪǡʮ򣿾߷ݸȫԱԶ
һ٣ȻбǾͺҲ̽ȻǺϷȻóĳ̬ȡ
Ц⣺ϣĪҪԼĳŵҪǺڼˣ硣
ǧɫҲܹһοҪʲô
Ϊĸֺܶ࣬ǽıҲϣκβЦЦʱûҪ̼ˣֲԲУﵽĿˣҪ̼ۣǲŰʲô
Ҫˣùϵֶ·ʲôֶΣԲǽϽһЦҪʱɱҲҪ
ǧܲüΪģвʮڣ
г񣺡ʦаַڣ˿϶ͷͷģעֻаͰ˲ˡ
ۣץסĶСѾͷЦšһСʦͷ㡣ߣ
ˣһ֮ͻ֪һôϷˡ
ת˲СѾͷʧҹУһƹЦĿɣðսŵսԱɡ֡
Ӵ˿ս޼ɵذķʽսˣ

ңңΰƽ
Ĵ˽Ȼˣʱռ˸СѾͷ´аնУʱûܵսϮ
УҺͷҵһ𣬿Ŀྯ;򱱲߸Ӫɱȥ
ΰƽһŸӵģĲ֪ʲôѡಽظҺͷҺߡ
Ĵ˽ûϹսΪװһһģ֮䱸ҲڻĿĵأѱ߸ӪΧ
صȴСԱʱСѾͷ֮ǰټУǡôӪڴӪｹǲ
γˣΨֻнԼӪļ˵¡ˣǴغͶ֮Ķϰû䡣
Ϊʲôûе߾ƽѣأ
ѵ߸ڽҹѵ߶ȥˣϰµģÿһߵ˽Χ£߰˼ֲĴ⡣
˸еǵľˮûÿһ˵顣
ڸʲôթΪλһϵмΪҲԲľߣ
û֪սڡһжĽ͡
ÿһ˶йעʱ˸·ۺ͸·йעĶ
ΪҪһעɲı߸ΪԱ߸˴ۣʲôĿģͼıʲô
صʣص
ÿһˣÿһ·ˣÿһ׮£ÿһĿ⣬ͶǣͶϡϣһУѰ𰸡
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¡¡һɲǱŷϢҹУһ걬޵ҫԼĿ⣬ͷǿơ
Сɡ·̹һڵǰһѧĴݻٵ˵ĺ־ԷɿٶͻƷߡ
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424 Ȩʱ
飡žۣ
ɫӲҺУȻСѾͷȴ쭳ٶȵ̹ˣƲɵһС
ٵĺҹĴ꣬죬ǹƥߣһĻȻ˸еǵı̿֡
࣬һ𣬼һϣȻԵ˹¡
࣬ٲȻƵװסٲȻ޼᲻ݵľ
Ϊ޲е޲е޲ߡ統УǾԵ޵УһĻһʵдա
һŭߣƺŴ򲻹
¶һ࣬ö죬ɫָˣָɲ֮䣬·ŭӿ
ӿӰĵˮȻϢģűʺģˮɷɷ
˲伸ҹ˺ѣնͱһˮɫĽУĲҺ·һɵİ
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˿̣·𿴼һ˵ĳ֣Իյٶȼ
ȻʿǣǷֺһٵҹҲܶҲֵķ
һа˲ܣֱĻ
廨Ŀתѵ˼һͬǵĳ֣ڵ˵ɽ˳һҲδ̫ˣԼλˡ
ĳһǹĺӺȻ̧ͷһʱ˲廨аȲˣȻ̧ͷĿϤһȻ󶨸ϡ
һǵصϢȻ޿ײģȴɽһصѹÿһ˵ͷϡ
ҹУһƳӰ·ƾճߡȴͨս飬ٶ̫ˣǷ켫Ŀٶȡ
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Ǽǧܣ
赭дһǽ֣۱˵ͬʱϢԾΡ
ڵķ٣
̫ͣƵĴӺҹи֣·̤ȻϢĻǧһ˲һ;׵ı
һǰһۺȻ֣Ϯ͵Ϯγһл֮ơ

覣ע·
ǣСѾͷ֣ļǰһĨЦ⣬ƺ˿ʦ
ǧüͷ΢΢һ壬˫ֱַȻϢĶȴһ𣬸ȴƽһȴҵΡ
۲ռݵһ߸пĲһȻףʦһ˵ĵطĪҪǸˡ
ߺȻţս޴ϡãԶġ۽֣ನݻٰеȻֻӿֲ
ǧɫȻһطеڣıͽ֮ܲǡ᲻Ϊ߸֣ȴһᱣߵİΣΪǻ֡
áķٺ͸Եͷͬ⣬ǧܣⱾǵĿġһζ۸ԻΪһת˲ʧںҹС
۶ȥǲ֪񻯸ֲһ亹ζԲܡ
ˣҲ赲ߵĲֱӪߵĿɨһܣ߸СԱʱ°١ʵĹǡ
غۢҪǰʣСѾͷ򷽰֣㷽ҵ˶ߣ
صͷЦˣվǽͷȥģ˽ʿиƼɭȻұ߸Ҳûôס
ˣϣ
ۢʹص˵ĺֻһƣʾʱҪʲҪ˵
Ŀɨʱ֪жٸڹעȻһЦҸλᣬһһΡɱˣȻҵ̬ȵǾʹش
ΪȻغۢȴ㵣ΪʱȻ˵Щɵģ
ˣҲ˵º͵Ȼ˵ֻóȫˡ
ߺȻȻԼ˶Ϊ߸Գһ죬עֻ˵ƽþǴרν
ûͷûԵĻò֪ﰵ˷ѽ⡣ߵΣ񻯸ֶü
ߵЦݱòãĿ͸ҺܲЦŨȻٱ䣺豦ˣ
ЦȻӲЦˣʲô˼صԼеһ˿ԾĵطϤɫ˺
߳Ͽҽεıֳɫƣҵľģҵ˽ͷβν޷죡
һ֣룬ҲһССķҾܲ߻߸пϴαĴ˳ʱ򣬾Ϳ϶ҹˣԻмơ
һֻҪһ΢ʱСѾͷַӾͻ׵ڽӪϡӪСĴۣĳɹ

ͷӿĺ飺ˣҷĹ˳޶˶˵Ļɡ
⣬°ζǽӪ豦Ҳˡ
һתŤͷɫ԰׵ķ֪ܷе⣿ϧҡͷΪϴɾûˣ
Ҳ㡣豦ԼҲϣϣ㲻ǽӪһöӣɣȻãܣҲû˿ʧ
΢ЦеɭȻɱޱȡҺͷмۣ˵ǲðıġȻ豦ŵ÷ǨɣԼλأ
ݵķңܹǲɵķԺա
Ŀ־ޣڻΪŭ𣺡ߣ̫Һƴˡ
Ϻƴˣȴ˲ȾӶݳȥԽΧǽ֮󣬺Ȼһڶĵ˲ɵ
׹䣬¡һڵϣؿһһذ׵ӡϣһѿĿ඼ˡ
ǵӣǺһ𷵻ݵġǣδ˳֣ҲȻû뵽һӾȻһͼ
һɱļ򣬶һЦȻⶼˣҸɴ±Ͷ̥ˡ˵ˣͷҲǱӪõİ׳աĪҪָˣ豦ǲġ
Ҳ񣬿Ҳ硣ţϧʵİ·ǰˡͶңδػΡ
˳ңǾ̻ѵԣҰݾȻ˼Աı棬ǾäĿûá
һ׳յĹ⻷Ǿٲˡ
ȡУȻδζɹǾͲлȡˡ
һת۵ıʣĿһĻĿɿڴĳ廨ڶҾȻǹɵǸһΪҡСӹȻթ
ϣӪһֵȷǳƯͷβ޷졣
ͷҲأãΧң͵ظɱ
ûеӪ֣һĵ
վͷһ


425 аļ
⵴ɫˮɫϳһɫȵͷţ
ȻǣƣߵļԽХǣҹɻݣѱɱһӦ˵ȸˡ
еͶߣһŲ׷ǵֿߣһŸɱۣ
ɱ·ŭϯ˽ʿ飬ʱͳһɧ
֮أν൱ǿҵų͢˽Ǵӱļģ˺ȻߵźȻɧ
˽һԪһԾŭָ𣺡ǱˣǹᱱƳ͢ˣλãݲˣɱ
˽Χһΰƽ̾ѵδС
Ĵ˽нӽĿȻҲϤǣвٶڳ⻢ȴǲ
˼Ʋ죬ûӦңʵûҪҲˡһȻһɫرõĴҴҴΧߡ
һȻǹƥ룬õǽ£ҲĹϵϥ£һϺͳ֮Ĵ񣺡һƾ˴ã
һ˼㵥ǹƥ룬ʾ⣿Ҳˡ֪ҺͷߵĲһ·
غۢȾȣСѾͷ죬һҲһˣҲδɣ
ߺȻֱӺҹҪʲôӪεֶΣͷβν޷졣֣һҾ͹ˣһ֪Ͷһݱ¶ķա
һҾ͹ˣΰƽˣעҪ沨һͷΰƽͻҵڣӪҵǷң
һɫ䣬ȫ˲䱻亹͸ƺһǻ˼ǽͷ궴ֱһֹһС꣡
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ûһһȴеͷı̹ǣ·жգġ
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Ĵ˽ûʵսװΪõ˽Ҫǿһƾеľ񡣱Ͼ˽ˡ
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ץźɡС֣ɷѿĵĲŪģķ£ڴķλã
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ϣԶɥʧĶ־Ϊһ½죬ǱȽϳɫġ仹йǱĸܺõֵ
СĴۣסһ̡
򱱲߾ٺӶ͹¾ܼƶһĽսǧǶס˰ʱν൱ߵ
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Ҫ߱ƹȥĪӥĵ׵һ˿úԣʮֻΪϽӪжҲ̫ĵˡΪ˴ɣˡ
ߵ̬ͨ߾ӪĪӥһȣĴð꿪ΣӶ緢ǰƽǱԵ
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ֳ䵱ױͳ߱۳ҡĴȫֹ
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ǵİգһЩֻʵУȴЦȡ״⺷֮ذ⺷簡
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豦ˣںδ
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һɢߵתƮȻݶϡһʧݶ̤ñ˳³һѪ

վȣһÿµһӣ˸첲СۻҪǿһһ־Ҳδˣѹָô£ң
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δ䣬аΪһת˲ҹʧ
һʱ䣬֪˶һûϲ֡С򽻵߶з緭ĳˣаǴǰŪֱӾͲһλȼ
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ĺӶһֻĬĹޣʱſû
豦ĳڰУĵĵȴᡣ豦ˣһҪľ棬ֻһߡ
һߣһŲһʹߣ߾ĴȻ߲Żᱻһò覷ֵľ档
߾ûҲˡ
ҲڳĬеȴ߾ʹһӵĻˮ
һֶžƣȻôˡƺγһ΢ƽ⣬˳Ĭ̬չһݵģעֵ΢֡
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ÿһˣÿһһ̣һԼҵıԼҵ̵档
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ƲߣŮȴԼ͵Цˡ
һĴ㣬һȡȻĻһ˵һˡ
ͥԺлһˣȫӵˣ˵ĸоǰģ͸ӰһעĴڡ

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߾ʹˡ豦һ
ԾǱ߾Ӫʹĵͺһ·磬һˮˡ
ԾͺһȻߣĿѹһ·أֱǰˣ߾˵һٶɽУ
ʱӶΧ˾ϣԾԸ뱱߾ġ
ǰ˹ӰۣҴߣһһĿɬɫʧôˣû°ɣս٣Ա߾ĳЩţԾ֪ģ˲һˡ
ͺڻϷһӶǡôĴЦֺߣԹԹ齵Ҵɣ»̡
һŭĿӵ飬ŵѯʱ߾״Ծһˣ֪ʲôݼˣݼʮ֣Ϸأ
߶ӶҪЦʹˡ룬ǰݼǲе㸡ˣǾٸһɡ
Ҫģǻ᲻ᱻߵһǷ񱻿ȻߣԤķȥɼˡ
صıߵĳ޵ģʮɫı飬ӳǰϵԶҶ´Ϸ
߲ŷŭŰԹţĿ£ݲݽҹ豦ʹ֮һʾ׵ϷϷ
ͻ˺ƤĶϷ
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427 ս飡ս飡ս飡
߾ˣȳɽֱӶ׷ϰΧˡ
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ڴӪϰƺҪߵĹԱΪصͷһЦ
⼸Աؿߺƴһ·࿴ٿߡˣ߲ȥӪȱ߾ˣΪκȻ߳ˣ
һߣ߻һۣȻʲôȡһ֧̻Ϣһͷڰգһصļ죬ըһ仨š
ĳĳʼҹյŮӣȻ̻ŵЦҲ̻ߵźˣϣܰ
˸о͸ˣ΢̧ƤܰǱˣˣ˻Ǳơ
һ˿οۼֻܰЩֵĹСˣǳ

Ȼսżʱ֣а̵ʮ򣿡
ҪӾȻźö֡ЦЦʱӦñץ˰ɡ
üѽ⣺Ϸ򲻶ΪηҪһ̣ѵ֪ߵȵúࣿڶС
֪д㡣סһĨѰζЦ⣬ȡɲɱɵҪĵҪˡ
οҲˡӶ͹¾ǳԶˡץ覣ҲȻҵ
еƺڹͣ
ΪҪôȴҲ֪һ¡
ΣҲȻ벻֮ǰΪҪĿģǡǡҪ豦Ӷ֤ʵĵ׵ĳ²⡣
ĳӰشҲҪĲ²⡣
ҪȻСѾͷܶսţǺСѾͷ
ߺȻ̧ͷᣬܷ¶ʮҲһ𸴡
Ӷ͹¾ҳԶˡ
ߵ΢Ц⣬ҫģҹսŵ¡̨Ϊ޴ʷǰݻݣ
ǣһöʮʢŵ̻


431 ս
꣬޷ϨսĻ档ɱҲʫ⣬ǲпᣬǲңǻ
ǰĲٹԱڲֻʵʰ׼ߡ
سĹԱĲмĿ⿴ЩսŻļһݵ⺷磬عԱٻѡߣɾһս
ÿһǰԱӡۢΪ׵Ĺ뱱ԱɫҰ׾ȴƺڵȴС
ȻӺԺһ󾪺ˣ
ۢ㵣ϤŤͷȥȻߵһ̬ȻĴӺ
ۣ֮ǰߵɱߵߡŶԭǻþû߻˵;ͺһö쵰һȻĺħ
Ʋ죬¦ܳǱ룬еţκ˵Ǳʲôѵġ
ˣۢ򼤶·ʧǵҵΨһ֧
ϣԭҵɫӿһɺѪɫ֪Լϰһô
߸һοĻλٰ꣬ܿͻشתˡ
δ䣬ҲصˣһԾǽͷϣһɫˮɫɵ·һŰ
һɭȻ췢ԽХʮֻˡǣҺΣ
𺳵ļԽХһʱ·ըÿһ˵ĶߡƴѪսһѪ˺۵һһ鼤Ī޲ñͷʹޣ
ĳһܿĳгŵĿˣߣ
һ绨ĻŮӾĪȻֻˣ
ĳϣһŮӰİ˵ĻƾϣȻתͷŶȻûӣ
һݶϥŵһӣ¶ͣһ߰һڵĶصǹһߵȻеɫ
һģƺݵӿȫ޹ǵؿһʯʨϱߣüǳѵҪ޹
䣡
һҵӰϢ˲Ϊһ磬Ծ׵ٶȴҹҵϢϯߣ
̫ˣüһЦȻչ˫ۡ
ˮɷγһҫ۵ĹţϢǽͷȻ˫ȭ£һȭ֮ƣɽȭ
ǾӲӲ˫ȭײȻɫ䣬ƺһתӣ

ұˣûôõ¸㣡׹ҫͬһڶȵĻֱȡˣΪҸһ㣬ʲôңҿʲôҴ򣡡
ɽȭһαųƺߣһʱȻߵˮȻԾƲɵ̬
ǾǾƾʲôߴ
ҹУһˮ¶žһ쳹
һ£ļѪ·𴥵һƺȴķҲ㲻ߵ
Ӱһʩչֱƹ֮ϵˮ޷졣
ãĽÿһʽΪ򵥣ȴҲΪ
һα𷢳ŭһȭߺɣȴû䴩һȭĺ·˿һѪ
ʯͷһӰˤһѪɫ
赭дķָˮʧɭȻĿɨӺڰҵͲҪɹԪˡ٣ߵıûôü𡣡
ǡҲδأ
һƮĳ֣һƮĹӰһĲӰԿ쵽Ƿ켫ٶת˲ӽβǰ
ڰ˺Ȼ
ãɫ䣬ཫԾ͸е¡һ༸һȭ򴩡һžžײǽһԾ𣬽ɨʮס
һŽȻɨõȴǷ·ӰһƮЦһΪжǿԭһһ
ǲ˲ҪòҹȻ۸һ۵׹ҫܻһϣ
һתۣ¡¡֣ƺѪ󺧲ѡ౻õڶȭͺ䴩ˣ
һ£ⲪȻɭȻҵĽԲʮڵˮϤգ죬·ɳĮһ
©֮ɳ
ƾݺ䴩ʱ޷õֽΪ࣬˾ٱ©֮ɳڣ޷
¡һײֲĲ©֮ɳޣգضҫ
־ŭֽУ㿹ӰƮм伤²ѪҪ缱ˣ
С¥һҹ꣡

ǹǰһҲɵıһߡһߣӡһ༼ܣֱΪ˺ɱ϶ġ
ɱһһԲȴǰεһӣʻŵѪŷ
ߣСӣҼסˣҵһǺУ̲ѪӰصתȥٶ֮죬֮Ʈƽ
³һѪЦʲôһֻܾľջã㵨ӻӶٰʮɡ
ǹһء
УȻЮɱǻܹ֮Ȼ죡̶һʱսǱ޵еƣ
֮սǶݣȴν𺳡һʱѻȸ
ĳ˲𶯣η廨صͷҲǲҹ
úǹĺӻֱͬǹߺɱָӹǹ⣬ƺǹ˵Ǻܲ
һšǹ
ɢĻŮӣԡУȻĿⶨһ˵ϡһţޡ
ݣҲƺ̧Ƥһ˸е𶯣ı͵ʣô͸ֻ̾˿ɺߴӴ˶¡
һšȱ
˲ȶݣҲˡ
ǹϵĳ֣ǲҹڡȻǻܣνһҲˡ
˵֮ǰаĶݽ֣ð˲ߡƾܹ֮٣Ȼ˵һˡ
ˣһ볬УԷǷ̬Ϊһߵ
꣬ʮʮꡣҲδǱڣǴʱߺɱƾܹսѾˡ
ˮƵ糵תԽХУʽҲУ˭Ҫֻܷǡ
ӦģǳĬˮĻ
˰ˡէȻĿ·ܴ͸ҹ豦գҪĶϣ
һ̾Ϣ·ƲߣĲ
ߵ豦Ӻڰ߳վڴУƾˮˢ˾Ͳûģ֪ºҪ
չգ¶ЦǰҪҵҲҪ㲻ȥĪǻһΣ
豦ʯӰΣԽթ֮Ȼʺ㡣Ҳ£һҲ֣ꣿСۣ
ɫǳǳ㲻¡
豦ƺЦûʲôɲµģһ٣룡
ˢ
һƮˢˢˢϵĴ
һ㲻մصһ͸ҹһһ
ÿǰһûĹĵҲûԵġΣصˮٲȻһεƿ
죡


432 ɣ
죡
һһ˷ˣâ֮һ
ˣ˵ĸоǾֻδʡԣâڽ֮У˷֮Ʋɵ֮ƣȴƫƫ˿â©
˵ĿһߺȻһֵĿƣͺһԼһУ
͸ĻиΡȻϢģ亹ֱ΢΢ƫͷһķ磬Ӷ߲
۵һ£ľԼһƵ
أ
޵Ů͸пδðһ˹ĸ֣
־˵ĻŮȻףݲѣ
֮ǿƽĺȼܵս⣡
˭ɫࡣ
ߺȻ̾ϢӵĿ˺豦мأĴָз˵豦һյǷӡ
˲ʶǡü
ˮңһɵۿѺʮ꣬ӶԵˣʦҲϪĸף
û뵽ʦĹ˲һɵ۹ѺʮꡣΪ˷Ȼѧϻ÷Ƿ򣬳ͻͽľֱǹ⻷
ʦı仯ɵۺܳԾ豦ܳԾͺݵȶܳԾ
׷ףЦʦƺʶʵǷʶҪƾˮһ㣬ɱʦܺͶԷ֡
Ϊʦߵġүү
ʦޱ飬£һɫĽȻ䡣һȰʧһӶ
ʱϵģµģˮΪһ·ڽɫĻԻ֮µһˮмӵĽԣ˺һеļХ
ϵĵذ·𱻹εһ㡣
ҵ˽Ǳ΢ʱ֮ʮϰӻըѪ⣬ȫûһ˿һĵֿĵʹ죬ûʹ࣡
ֲĽ⣬ֲĽʽҪ㸲ݻһУ

Ҫ֮ʱʦ΢в
ʱȻһֻϵȻϢĴԱָ͵һƣĵ·һεǣȻʣ
һӵϺȥļ⣬ҫڵգƶ˶һȻǣ罻
վǰߣһ似سʦǰԶһƽһȭ
Σ޺޵ŭ豦һۣڶҪɱ
ʦǲġүүֻ֪֪֪Ҫ϶ϵ;Բɱʦ
һȭһȻĳһȦˮɭɭΪˣκ޾
ʦɫ΢䣬ƺһԾ׿һߡ
豦ĿأȻа֣һ٣ͻȻɳƣȻۣ
ۣ룡豦𾪵Ŀ⣬±ü㣡
һתۣڰбŷԣʦһ¡ǰѵ£
ҿˡһۣϲʦĳ֣˵Ķ̫ˡ
ȻǾһ棡ɫһͷҰ׵ķɫԷɿٶȱڡ
ϣ·ƶˮһķӿһתۣۿɼٶϵÿһ˿ϺۼȻǻָ׳ʱգ
һһ̤·ÿһҵķ籩ķ꽻ӣȻߣΪһĿ𶯣
Ϣ·ɽһѹĵ׿ȻǶֲֿѹ֮¡
ʦͲɫȻڶ־ۣ
־ۣ˲廨޲Ȼʧɫ
һ־ۣǹͶ޵޲һ
ߣж۰ʦ־ۣȻðϼһȻ־ۣ

豦ȻߺɳƲԼӲǰĿ⽻㣺ߣνٴˡ磬̸һ̸
߳ϵͷãһٴ󺰣ᣬ֣ûҪˣһᱻϡá
üãȴǳһ£ͳȥս·ߡ
豦߻࿴һۣǰʮ·档豦סĵ׵ľΣߣҾͲϻˣĵƳˣҵĻûУ
¶ڽҲּùӣҵĵǳˣҧҰҺΡб¾ͼ򣬿˭ʧ󣡡
豦ƽϢоΣҪǻᱻٵ
Ҫҿ϶ɿ϶ܲסʧЦһѪԵĲ˵ƾʦᣬɱһ۲ڻ£
ɵĿ꣬һͳޣʰһ߸ҪһۣҿǴһ·ȥʣ¼ۣ
豦Ŀⲻ䣬ǧûгһͳ£ûԭģеĹؼԵ֮һ
۲ǴӣȥջˡһۣڴҲǴԪԣû˻ʣһͳһޡ
ߵвǳģ豦֪вһ˵
覣һƽ𡣡ʹֱԣ֪ǲܵģǮҲǲܵġ
豦覣ǮûСµĵ
ǳһ˿Цɴ䣺ɽ

Ա񻯸ֻ񣬶ҲԸϻ豦ߣáԸȱʾ⣡
豦̧ʾ⣬һٴݡһᣬǵĺӶʱ˳ȥȻ󣬽޹ʧȥĵ
ˣͺðˡлһɣȡǰĵ˦豦
豦һӸĿۣЦ⣺ߣԶţԼҲԶŵʱ򣡡
Ϊһ覽㣿豦ЦɰͰͣȴССıһεĿ⣬ЦЦţȻЦˡ
Ϊ߾ȻҲЦЦÿޱȣ豦֪֪ΪҪĵݺǰҹϷĿֻΪ˰СѾͷ͵ϣ
СѾͷؿŰ߸磬豦Ŀˣɱ
߳ǸĿ⣬͸СѾͷȻĵ΢Цɱҹɱκһˡ
ѺСѾͷĽӪ̧صһСѾͷͷ
һȻҫӪ㵵Ŀֻ̧޵ķ裬ٷ裬Ѫ
һɫĻԻͣĨĺѪ·һˮУΪѪˮ
豦ɫʱ࣬һһ٣꣡
ɫɡɫ£ɫĽǰֻ꣬˭
ȻϢӪСѾͷߣСѾͷߣҪҴһӦġ°ͣǿЦ
οСѾͷû޳ҲСѾͷǿˡץСѾͷ֣˵ȣߣСѾͷŲת䣬ת˲ȥ
豦ĿܸеƺʲôƺĳЩĿġƺһСܣƺˡ
ҲԵıһشģҪˣ
豦һ˲˼תǧأ䱬ȣ֣
ߡ
۵˶ʱɫȥЦɱߣһ˵ƮȻһһֲ֮ǽ̾Ϣ֮ǽһס
ΨһӪ𣬲֪ǵ⻹ʲôȻʱ˹ȥ
Ӫ𣬻Ϊһ̣׷ߡ۵׾ȻЦ⣡
覾ȻˣҪĴ𰸵õˡɹȻˣ΢ЦΪսţ¡صǳ
Ӫ׷һᣬһᣬһĿȻһ˺ѷεľʲô
һתۣӪһ¿ѪǱһؿ塣
ɪɪսһУö࡭ö࣡


433 𺳣ų
ʲôܰһսĽӪų˻㱳ɵģ
豦޲б޵һޱǿҵԤУͺһ£һ׮˵Ĵ¾Ҫ
Ŀ֮£ÿһ˶ܿӪ𱻿־һǱٶȣķԾأ
һʶĽӪֻʵģֻŵģ·þһĺУһĻһٵҹԵ÷죬ĵ
һѪײײĴӰˤ£ʧ𺧵ૣö࡭ö࣡
һɪɪսһ񱻿־ߣĻԵ졣
öʲô豦ٵһԾǰȥ
öġ
ɫĽ⣬ӪĿ۵һ´·һأϢĵ£ɡµνһ˦
豦ͫȻĿҹɫǺ߷ʲôӪ𣬾ʲô
ʮֹ죡
Ȼ֮ǰ˵ҹսŵ¡̨Ϊ޴ʷǰݻݡ
ЦӯӯģʼҪ
û뵽Ҳû˻µĵƻûǧûֻ¾֮Ҳû뵽
Ļ㱣սоһ൱©ĵطȻҪȴķ·һĴ˹ȥ
һǺХĽһˢһ³ڰС˦һת˲һȴһ֡
ȻҲܺ棬𣬿ʲôȻܰһ񻯸ŵȵز
һζһ˦°꣬ټûڰСƾɫϢӦֱߵϢκΪߣȴһʱҲδؾҵõˡ
ȻʱһЦߣƺģһ·תȻԵõ߳
һſڽģ·ĳּ𺳣δܻع
ʲôüһˣ׾Ƥ˲ó죬·һɺ⣬·һӽŵӳԺС
ŵþȫڴӺһ𺳵ö࡭ö࣡
Ļǰ𣬾Ȼһޣ
ǰδĿõİ꣬Ȼ׷·ײͭǽһȻɲ֧ȶ֣Ȼ
ؿǰϤ𺳺ͺȻ䡣
ģöö࣡

ҹһģ׵Ŀһޱ޼ʵľޣ
һĻÿһ˵ĿⶼؿźҹͼĿ⴩͸ٵҹڰĶ
ʲôʲô
豦ĲУǿҵÿҪؿźҹʲô᲻ߵĵƣ᲻ʲô⣿
Ȼ֮䣬һѡ豦һѡ⣬ûϣֶ֡
豦һޱǿҵֱһʲôһʧʲô
ʵ٣Ҫһʮ覵ġһ֣кܶණƱزܶá
ûں߸Ҳûű߸δĪ˵ˣԼ˶ġ
һۿսţױ߸ؽһԾΪӰ챱޵Ǵɲ̣Ҳӵģûϣ߶һƻ
ԣȻ豦ϣսŵĽǣһȫСѾͷ˳ɻ
豦ʱ֪ܿͻ֪˼ڣٲ룬ĪӥúӶƽ߸ܱ߸ҪԱ
һȥӶ׼
ǹĬĬؿźҹˡ
һ˷·һŨûֲָ߳ĺҹȻҹɫǵסҹڵġ
νҹͺ˵ˡǹϥɭȻӺҹ߳Ȼ°Ͳһһµˣ°ûֵǹȴϵϥϡ
ǹ˺һУؿһĻɼվķǡʲô
ˣҲˣĿɿڴϢĵ׵ˣ޵Ļң
һĪĺӽŵװȫ·𱻶ˡŤӶԿԵ죬³Ļ𺧾ףĺö࣬ö࣡
豦˲ԶˣߵٶȲ죬ǹͶ޵֮˸еһֺ⡣
ʲô˶ˣ˶ĳ֣е𺳣
Ī
ҹһɿļȡеĿ⡣ҹֻʣ¼ٵĽŵҲѹֵĺ
ҹ꣬ʮַ͸һѹ졣
һĪ죬ǡ
һֶصϢ·ܲһڶֵĸйУĽӽֱʲôϢɫǳĴӺҹ֣
ͺһīڵ߳һĪĵǳһϡ
˲廨Ƕȣǵһģ˲ͽӲˣӿ޾֮ɫ߾Ȼö࡭öġ
¡
ΪһӰƺһһ˿Ѫ·һԶ˻Ǳĵڵϣһվˣ
ʲô豦۵޲ǰȷʣ
ͷҲأؿǰ³ͷ·ûһȻս飡
ܶܶġս飡

ܶܶġս飿
豦۵ȵȣ߸ۢصȵȣ޲ԻֵĿȥʲô˼
ǵģܶܶս飡
ߵһԾȻ֣ȻСѾͷꡣڴ֮󣬺Ȼһֻս飬ֻս飬ʮֻһֻȻҲһǧֻ
ս飬ܶܶս顣
ûһԿôս飬Ҳû˿ôȫװս飬û˿ô뻮һ·һս飡
ս飬һɾӣǾ̫ˡ˶롣
ǣĿսһҳԼҵǰÿһ˶·𱻱ˣ·˱һ
ûӵгֻս飡ɡ
ɣһӺȻ֧飬ͺ۾ͱݻˣ£ûͷӬһľԻҵС
սٲȻһڶеĺееˡ
ӶǣüХ˳
¡ս飬ѸټΪӪͽ˳͸ͳϽһϢǵĺӶɱȥ
һХǣҲб𺳵ǻѡ
豦͵Ŀҡһ£˱⣬ž㤣ߣԭ֧ڹŰսģ
豦ĿӪͽһҹЦѹֻб߸ԭսΪܳɹܱסı߸
ߵЦݲޱȵΣգ豦㺦ˡ
ҡ豦пһ£ˣ˵ô࣬޷ҹˡȻЦĿ᣺Ϊսܶȹ
ս̫ˡ
豦˻𺳾׵ʱνһѪ˴ѣһȻɡ
ս̫٣ߺȻ̲סЦˣ˫磬ЦǰϣЦԽԽ˭˵ֻսˣ
ɣֽ
ҹڼ¶ԼϢ·һǵءһɳ죬Ӹ߿ոɸеһϢ
Ӹ߿ս糱ˮһǵһӿ


434 Ի͵
һսϢ΢
һٸսϢһЩǿˡȻȻһǧһսأ
ʱǵգ·ƼĲƣǱսϢ֣ڱΣγһֺѹǳݵĳ֮ơ
һս飬һٸһǧһ򣬸սϢһ𣬷·ǧɽ۳ˮ߾İܻرܣӡ
豦ɫˣ۵ɫˣ˵ɫϤɷף촽΢΢ţ·𿴼ս顣
յϢɽһΪ֮ĿΪ֮𾪣
ҵȱĴ˽δϤǣһڳȺ
ʱĴ˽ʿޱȵɧУĿɿڴĿ·޾սû糱ˮһ𺳵ĺ¡¡ĳǡ
ɣֽеλһ֧ս粻赲˳ǡ
һ򣿲ࡣ
Ĵ˽ԭɪɪս˿ĶĿãЩսŲ
һۿ߼ʵս飬һֽսĺ䶯ӦӶϷһĳˮϤ¾ϯȥ
һ֧սһУһֲǵıԵƴķʽӶ
ɲ赲սκţȫλ
ܼս飬ͺһһеķµƽ
ۣ޲ڿգڰ绬裬Դ͸ҹĿ⣬Ŀ˲κŵĳ
Ҳ˵ҫǣۼ֤սŴӴ˵Ͼ̨һĻ
Ȼʱûô롣ƾһĻڣÿһ˶ֻеױȵĿֻţֻе㸲һеľ
սŵĴڣ߸ݻĳһЩǧеɡ
ҲãҲã²ؼҲãؼҲáͻȻĵ߸УʷǰĻңͿ־塣
ĿһĻҲһִӽŵͷƤķ;㤣һֻźͻҵУҲп־塣񻯸ָʲôսš
û֪Ҳûôҵľ£̿սţ޵δô޴Ӱתۣ
Ȼֿ־ûɵģһֶδ֪δĿ־壡

սŴ룬ԼӦڵһʱðڵÿһֻԼҵС
Ǻһš
ǻһЦ֪ʲôʲôսţǵ߸ԵģΪڳսǰûЩ
᲻ʲôĽʲô
ġöࡣ۲Ծ˿ˮһʧ̬ĶȻ˿ίʵݳʵ̫ˡ
豦Ϊ׵Ĵˣ޲еһֳǱ޳׹޵Ԩ
̫ˣʵ̫ˡͺһҵػ˵˼άͣˡ
˲廨ǹޣȱ࣬ﰵǶľһȱս͹ȻӴĲκŴҵ
ʱû˼ڣҲͬܵıȾˡ
߷һЦ⣬ںЩʲôսŻٸı䣬תۣӰ죿һЩϸĵĿǹ
ĽʲôõĽʲôҲзֱоּ󣬶ĽҲõĽ
ʱĻңսŴıȻĳϾǼǧɺ͹
һѵĻܵоĻᶼҴһ׼ԼҶ⡣

߸ս齫Ϥǿһ˿⹵ͨ൱ԣҲδҪָӡ
ʲӶֽӶϷ¾
ɽҰս飬ɵͳ˧£ʱ޾еװƾֿȭȻ̫ɣƾһӵĳȴҲηķƣ
˻Ϊľ߸Եľʱ
ԺӶԼΪսʱЧҲЧĳ򣬷ɿıģʽ
еһĻĻʱδȫ⡣ǣĪӥ᲻֪һУսϢ
ĳԷɿٶȥһͶһʱĿɿڴĿˣǣʲô
ʲôʣѸٱ˼УʱΪ־Ŀʲô
ս飬ɽҰս飬ɵͳ˧£Ӷ
ͶǣѪɫؿһĻͷ·ˣ඼ֹͣˣԴĺǾʲô
֮࣬սźˮûǡ
ɫңУԱȻϯʱһ΢ĵȻ֣ͣžһ
ɱվߣ޶Եߵһο˲һ˿ǣƺЦ뾪ȡ
ƺóûаϡźһɱһ֡
߲ŲɵǰﱻӷļһȻҪԼҵս顣
㡣ɱȻûͷûԵ˵һ䡣
ߵͷսŵ˵㣬ԡǾǶס񻯸ֵĴģɱˣ

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һ»㱨Īӥɫ΢䣬򣺡ɳ򡣡һ٣صһ򣬷
һ£µĳ׼ֹͿˡ
ɽҰս飬ɫĳˮӿķʽ
Կٵ̬׺ıǰһŭ𣺡κŽʿɱеǰĵо
ܵս鷢ĳŭ𣺡ɱɱ
Īӥ֪ܲеһЩ仯ϢȻʾҲ֪Ӳʾ˷սŵ׼
Īӥ֮Уȱ裬οӶʿ
ɾľûܷϡӶǴɰ˸սģҲԲһǿľӣֻҲҪǿϼ֡
ȻԽͳ£չĺӶʿȴǵصս飬һֻڹϿģη̬ȷĽ
ʲôӶʿֻʵؿǰߣ׷׷ĺУʲô
ͳҲ֪ս£ǵصսӵ˻𺧵УʱȫǣҲʧȥָ
ûΪӶʿǵʲô
Ӷʿκξսǣһֵ֧ľӣ࣬ҲǹǼǧݴϴδйġս
ûйսҲûкսսľ顣
еʮ񻯸֣ڣϤ˷·޵׶Уοͨʿ
ȶױȵ֮£һ֮ͱˡ
ǵģı
Դˣս²Ľࡣ


435 ̣ɽ
Ǻܶܶս飡Ϊʲôôս飿
սսս
ǺսӴ̣ôô򣿡
ֺУѵķšӶڴδйսǰһ̱֮־ȫޣһĺһܡ
սô򣿴ûȾ顣
ӽͳ£ʿãȻ޴룬ֻÿ־壬ǱҲ֪Ϊο־壬ΪҪţΪҪܡǱˡ
ޣһһڵ̵УޱȵľҺļӿʿĵԣֻ޲öȡ
߰սû򣬿
ӵĸҡҷãȻĺصһƬڵ֮䣬ݱΪһθΪҵܡ
һһʿ䱻նɱżðһսսʳɵһģһ㣬˼صͷ
ս鿴ܹΪˣҲܹΪˡһսԽ࣬ɵıսԽ࣬͹ѡȾı׼ˡ
һսߣȻսдƽѣƮɢȥ
սΪ֮ǰģԣ൱һʱ䣬ΪκЧԣƮɢս飬û˻ġ
˲⣬ս飬ȴߵսкôɣΪִģս¡
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ȻսֵıǨѸԼԼսѼΪ׷
⣬ǲǵһˣһľָڡһı൱Ҫġ
ʮӶ϶Ľս߾ս𳬹ǧӶսҲӽһҲʣ´Լ
ҹٳµģеһͳʣģϤʮĺӶӪĪӥӣʵںӶ͹¾ܼʮԻܱ߾ˡ
ʱܣʣµĴԼڲֻ޴Ĳ֪ǷǸðȾӡ
ΪϣƾİܱԳʣһʡˡ

ܣȻƤ£
ɽҰİܱ޲öһ򷢳Ĵһܻ
裡ĪӥսɵĴڣʧ룬ԿհףʱһĻɫʱࣺҴɵĳ裡
ܣսǻᷢġǵоҾȻһֶûУֻڵоһУһ˿־ǷȱֱӾͱˡ
ǣǳ裡ڴɾУǰδеĳ衣
ĪӥһŭûйȲս仯ɫȻԣҪðܱͳ죬ٷشӪַûӦ
ǣˡͳɫҰ׵æһɫҴҵӪȥ
ȻˣӪ;Բܳ¡ȻǾʮӶĩա
֣͡оĪӥܵĲսʣ̼ʿ
Ϊһ˵ıܣĪӥȳе۵ˣҪս޴ʲô仯ɴٶƣǴҪġ
Ҫģǿδ֯Ӷܡ
ˡ½ǰĪӥϣȴܲϣˡ֯ϺӪˡ
ڶ౻ŭѹĽʿæ
ĪӥЦһ䣺ˣһڣǷĴ󶼶ʱͺꡣ
ĲܲˡΣĪӥԵģǾ޴δйս
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±ߵʿԾؿЩͬţôˣѵԤľˣ
ҿ̫ܣݸֻһ߾ľ͡ӶٺȻſڽ࣬Ƥͺ񱻻̹һѸٳ죬ȻƣҰף
ӶǼͬʱɫɫʲô
ɽҰսβ׷·ǰɱͱܣϤˡ
٣սⰻȻڿն𣬷𺳵ĺ
Ƥ͵𱬷Ϣһ쭳ϵһߣȺȻԼһеĴݻ٣ٴݻ١
غȼգҹ񱻵ȼڵһߵİս鱻һɨʱ޵ֿĻΪ̶ȥ
ǣսƣȻսҲһηûһ˿ĳͣսǰͺ̵ķӵ
һҪͷŽ³ɲǣһӿĽ˲ŭûǰ͵ϮԼҵˣһ꣡
ȻָһȰĲһ𡣲ãֺֿѤõĽ⣬Ȼһƺһɳȥ
ƮȻǰֳֿ̧ȭһǾװȭɽȭɽƣʱһУ
һѪ˲ͱսͣĲҽɸǰȥһˣһ̵Էս顣

ɽ
ĿսѸپҵС֮ǧܱǱͻĳһ棬̾ͳʽ
ȫ޷ƵģĪҪ˵ĪӥҲ޷ƾˡ
ɾǿ޵УʷһҲʿԣ־ǵȻ޴档
ĪӥĿãµսηĹƵҡ
޵Ŀ޺ϳΪһɺصıˣĪӥȻԣҺӶĵһβҰܣ
ΪһһԼĪӶһ֮ˡ
ĪӥΨһģǾˣȻֻҵУҲίʵòҲֻ΢Ӷݡ
һ
пдաΪ޵һǿĴɾһ֮ͱսʿûСҲֻеһս
սһ𺳵ݣҲһгࡣ
ЦˣӶǱͻⳡֱ׳֮Ȼû⣬ֽʲϷսӶĹ¾ʱҲˡ
Ŀ͸ҹ˲ҾϺüûκΣκŸãװ൱ɵġ
οǣս鱾ϴս鼼Ͻսĳ𺧡ʱֿȭҲҪ˵սսеıֳߵԤڡ
ںӶʱĻɢ޶־ҲֻǿάֲܣϺˡҲͲΪˡ
ȻϢǵصĴӳзӵ
ߴüģҲˣ豦Ҳûػˣжˡ
Ȼһתۣ豦Ϊ׵Ĵ񻯸֣ȴӳоŭķԾ
ģȻȫܵľһĻ


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豦ĿⰵıȻˣȻˡ
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һŭߣ۵׵Թޣһɽһߡ
޵ֿĲҰܣɾսҲûֹ˵ľˡǣʿǷȱ
ǰܵ޻˵ܵ޹⡣
߸ɱ߸÷ǣ
Ŀ⣬޶ãָָ㣬ȻһɡսţӲջв飬ĿˣѪ
ߣ豦ŭ侲Ϸʩ
۵ȳһеᱣߣͲһתˣֱӶӪ
߲ᣬɨӺҹ֮ҹڰ¡֪ضڿĿ۽ϡ
°߷⣬һᣬԼܲһЩͷ
ٳµĹ¾ˡ߶˴һۣɼ䣬Ͱһͷȹȥ
ʷκж߲֪֪µĲκţֻʮıơ
ڵľܸ꣬˼ͨսġӣ̫˷ˡǣκŵʮƣʱֻ˶ʮ
ˣҲڵľꡣ
ܷһ̵ʮؼܷѹ¾ߣȹ¾Ӷ
Ӷ˻شӪ϶ԷΪԼپΪһߣʱûս£ȻҪȰѹ¾Ǳ߸
ս¡ص𺳵ǳ˵һΣҲǾʷĵһΣֳӶֱܡ
ķ֣ԲܸӶʱ䣬úӶսĴڣʿҪһ̵ʮڴһ١
ҪսӴĿֻţʡʡİ취Ȼ£Ҳʧʹ
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ǴģҲΪʧȥǰĹϵǰɵҲȱ١
ֽɹƾսĴֻţһٻٳµһ׷һܵĴԷɿٶȣ˳һ¾ӪӴܡ
ߵЦҹɫУԵøΣա

ս飬öս飡
Ϊʲôս飿Ǵûս齻սΪ࣬ȻȻǴδĶ֡
¾ǰҵʱΪľһؿŭӿս飬޲ֻŵС
ϵ£һܹս
Ҳ֪ǰ˭ȴһԼĪܴĳ£תȾܡͺһȷźţ˵һеڶ
һһٸһ¾ĪĿֻУȻʿǷİȾϷܡ
ܣһЧӦһж¾ȫܵʱ°ЦˣȻǴӶ
ƾֽԼսȻʮ¾˵ս˵սĿֻš
ҡͷѣȴҲ³ϣһֻӣڽҹսԲϺõı֡
ϸĹ۲һᣬȻսƺձǶнס֮⣬˵ǿ
߿ûܷǿ󡣿ǣκֻжнףҲе㱻ͭˡҲûκΣƾһͳǰᣬǱȲκǿ
룬ЦֻսŰˡⲻս˽ԼƩ绢
Ͻף൱ʿž۷壬н׾ͲһС硣˴ɵȼǿľӴԼҲΪˮ׼Ҳ̫
νձ˼ǲ񡣲κжǶнףеʮݱΪоϤǶϽϡӪΪеľҪǿ١
ӶΪͨԼеľΪˮ׼ͬɾеľâģ൱Ͻս飬ɷģ൱ļϽս顣
µսγûоӪͽҲ˵ĶͻҲ˵ﱾǾеľ
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ּ߾ܷ֣⳯ţǰǿڴؾźɨµһ졣
¾ˡЦһܣǽԤڵսˣǼ𡣡
һǰ׷ϣȻһЩпΪαذܣû뵽
չգķЦСѾͷţԭĹǺĵȻ޴棬߸磬Цú
Ʋ죬ʾɸһ㣬ս֡
¾ɽҰǱͻüȻϷˣᰡΪʲôɴӶأʡİ
ֱָõƿԣ߸޳һ𡣾Ȼ˼ָ˼Ҳľж
Ƥһ̧㵣ҹһȻпһ£Ծؿߣһ̵ʮ
㲻ΪڿЦɡ߸Ծ
Ȼ亹ֱðĲڿЦΪ¾˵ķ򣬺Ȼǰҹŵķ

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ͳ˧ˣǲ԰׵¶սɴ˵ģҲˡ
ʮȫλܵľ󣬾Ǽ׳ۡνɽҰӣͺһܵİܱɢȻɢԲʮ
ոľͺ˳һѸٵĲӡ
սں׷ʿǰӡеˣ׷ˣ߱ɱ߾͵Ͷ
¾ʼѾȻɲ۾Ļ糯͢Ͷ£Ҳûٵļˡ
СѾͷʾֽҪɱ²Ϸų裬רһ֧սս
ǰٶǴǰ͢ձģбڣδЩ²뱱߾
ܵĴӵĳʱ򣬺ȻһɽԱߣ𺳾׵
ڴ˵صΣսӵϷ򣬺бǰڵͷѸûܱܱķ
ȥ·ضϣ£Ӵܣ
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ܷһ̵ͿӶӪǷ˳ˡ
ۣĬȻǰҹߵ׼ʱƺܹŹ֡ɷʱ𰸺֮ˣİźȻΪ̵ʮ׼
ǲǿ̸Ѽ
սж٣
߻ףԺ߸һ򹻲ᵹһ
أǿ壬ʢƣΣǲԪ峯ƷһͳţҲӵߴţܼ߰
;Ϲ¾ӶӪһ
ɵսһ
Ŀ뿴ҹνӶӪǹؼеĹؼ
ʮκVSʮ


437 ٣žս
ӶӪУսʼ
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ÿһʯ˶ʯҲ൱ӴӴʯ˦׳ȥľʯжô޴Ķܡ
ÿһʯ൱ûгֵĶܣĺ׵öҲǲʵ
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һսŭһʯڰգȻһ߳ҳصķЮԾ޴ĶսУ
Բξʯ𶯣̺ñСɽһս鵱ҳΪµǣСɽһʯ黹Բεģһ·ֵֹ
һתۣʮͶʯ׳ľʯսʮĿհ׵·
һ䣬ɱ˲ս顣
ģҧסݣԽһЩͷˣΪûʯִսߡȻڱѧϰָӵʱ򣬾֪ˡ
ûУǱȽ٣ҲΪ˹ǣΪɱ˵о
޵ս൱죬ܶණΪ߶ĳЩõĲõת䡣Ͷʯǵ͵ģӵþеӽˡ
ͶʯͶʯ飬вһĹٽģһǧģǧʯ飬صԲμǿɱÿһֹ񣬶ӦΪˮ׼ľӡ
ͶʯõʲôϣͶľʯ˵߹ͶʯͶǧľʯ
սηͲΪ֮ɵָ£ˮһĽ
ϣһҪ칥ơȻսʧܴ󡣡
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ӵĹ¾γ·תߣһ֮ǰӶϡ
ʱӶӪг˵ɧȻʿǶΪսֻʧ롣ѵĻᣬһֻ¾ҪĴˡ
ϧۣƴӪ߷ݣɣֽԼ
ӶӪķʩ࣬Ҳû뵽߾ȻðսȻܾطۿһˣ
ĪҪ˵ֵ֯սģҲһɫǰӴܻսֹ֮࣬ǿܽսսʵʿ䡣
ܱսֹֻȥٲܹƣһ͹ƣԷֻԽԽ
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һʱԱ󽫸ͳϽŭʽĹƣ

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ͶʯսߣΪ߾½СЯĲࡣȻҲоͻϮݻ٣ԣҲиַ
ҲܲסͻϮս˭ݳ޵ĶۣڹȥһӽսΣģսҲ١۵ģһζûá
ˣֻǷһһ𣬾ͰЩͶʯݻٳҡ
豦ɫһ䣬һѵĻᣬȣۣסڣڣߣ
һδ䣬ۻâȻֱȡᡣʦв΢ɣͺͲһǰһ˲䴩ԽӪߣ
ߣƤϲҡҷԼٶȻָ׳۷壬һ˲佻һǡ
ɫһ䣬ڴ˴ǴӪýֵй¶Ե΢ʱһ֣׷Ϲȥ벽һ£
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˼豦εжĵֻǵһĿ꣬ƺһĿңƲѣѵΪǲ
һδ豦ŨŨʧ֮ɫӿɬ
ΪֻһǧܣˣǾѵĻᣬ֪ʲôطðһ־ۡȻͬΪ־۵ۻҪǿһ
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¸ȻɱУҲĴ̶ԼһپԼʮ󳵱װȻҵ
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⿰ƾ޹ǿսˣҲΪȵļɱս֮һ
̫Ը𣬱ҪܼǣǿҲҲܸûǮ죬ҲԸ
ǰս·һŵӵУϢĵ»Ϊ̶ȥһתۣȻ԰ټƵս鵹ڳĵ·ϡ
ϸĹ۲죬ߺܿ췢ֶӪеɧмļпһ£ɫ棬ʧķ
ɵսߣ̷֮ޱҵĳ档˿ںһһİս˺ɷ飡־ͻУıƽԷӪ
һĹʧȻ൱֮ɫķ䣬һǰ򢣨򲻳Ǹ֣ųеͭһһսȻϢĳ֣

ܼս飬Էɿٶȳ֡
һﵽĿֲѸ£ս
ͰĿ̣СѾͷԾ̫ޱȺȻʧɫ
Ӫ֮Уʼչעһߵ豦ɫұ䣬ʧ񣺡УȻУжս
һ·βİ˲ȴɵ񻯸֣ȻԶսҲ룬ֻԹۡ߷֮ʣǴս֣޲Ȼ
жսȻֵģͺȻԼʮ֮ˡ
Ȼһ𺳻ĵײ˹Ĺ⾰ݵĴȱȻ֣ɫ԰׵ĳڶǶϽս飡
ȻǶϽסҲˣɫĵɱڣǲκеݱ
豦˵׹ԨжϽ׵սѱϽ׵սǿ
һȻѾʮսܲһӴԭҰˡҲҿһտԭҰԲɴģľžս
ʮ򣬻᲻ʮʮ豦ɫ԰ףһ
սĪӥвѪ˿ɤŲ֪ʱɳޱȣǾ½죬һ۾Ϳսıʺ͹
豦۾ˣ㱵УȻ𾪣ȻеҹһУþ
ȴһѣ˵Ŀ⽥࣬ǹ
͹֣ɲὲʲôǱģɱ¾Ǿûһ˿һĵѹ
ĪӥȻˣ
¡ıѾ𣬰䶯ĺХԼȻ
սϧսľͻڻЧˡսսķУξȹƴӪ
һĻȻһţӪƷһʿûĺӶʿɫķɧӪ붯
ĪӥȻ¶֮ɫŭٻıҲǺӶлóƺŵһ
ʮӶһɾһɫ羳˵һˡ
ĪӥȻǺӶľХҪǲϧһжϺ󣡡
һ׳ŭ𣬷׷׷ȻڵĻ𣬷ӶϮ
߾ʢǺӶ򡣡
лл
ɫɭһųͳݣԼǧȫװı
ʧ𾪣нս飡
ȴеشÿһ˵Уҵˣ
ս飬Ҳļнս飡
⣬ǲκžеľ񣬻еı


438 ƴӪݿս鹥
һʮĴӪж
ǳֻϹսģסûϹսģԶ޷ôһʮĴӪʲôز
ڻԭеĴӪʮһ߼ʡ
Ӫһ׮ܽĻҲһ׮СѧʡƺӪ©磬ƺܹȻʵϲ򵥣еϸƱҪ˵ҹ
֮Ӷеľ񻢱һǧྫﱼں¡¡𶯣·һЮһе궯Ϊĺڳ
Ӫβһһķ棬ǹеĹ⾰ˣ
εŭȰγսջ裬һգۣǧλεսһָգһֳ򣬼޵еơ
ͺһŭӵϰһûβûüٷӦȻһת
һսţ͵УݿĽսɱ
üģྫڸ࣬ȻǾԵľΪеľһͶսƱӰһս۵ʤܡ
Ȼݣ챪
ǣŭȷǧԾϹսȻıںХ˻ȥ
߲⣬Ӹκ֮Ϊǰ¶սûڹģѹװֻ޵ķΧڣѹһЩװ
ĿǰȻĶʮκţҲֻбװȻòκŵսһСۿۡ
ΪͱʱֻҲȲѡ֪⼸Ϊ˸佫ڣ˴Ѫ
ͳݣƷϵͣȽɡһͳ滢ͳ˧ܴƷͱȽϸߣ˷Ѳ
ˣԵˡûɵ
һٶȣϮȥȴҲһߡߵ˼ֽ
ֽͻһս麷ηĽĲҺУһƽʱͺѹյһݡ
Ӷ룬ԴݿķʽЮԷٶȣ·һţţ͵У˵޵Уܵ
ȳԾѣëȻһ֧Ȼ⺷һģܿͷ֣һ֧Ȼսװģһб
߲Ųβܺˣǧ˾˸е֡
ܿ죬һִĵױĺ⣬ϯֱȫˣѵںս
룬Īӥɫң·һشУҡβѣ׷ʹģҲֻüˣ
豦Ŀͫףʹȴ侲ûܣ
ġˣĪӥ²ʹС
ΪһȺþɳ㽫죬ߵ˼ԼӶˡ
ߵ˼βô򣬴дϣҪˡһζ˺ӶӪĴţǳͷβʤ֮š
˧ߵİ취ƴβ㻢βս飬һǾӮˡ
Īʱٻʮ򡣿ʵսֳ֮£ʿж־սģֻЩӴܻһ֮ǿܽܺսսһʿ䡣
ӴӪеɧңܷ֣սûýʿǰս
ǴʱܶõˡȻȴʱβǣס
ƣǴף
豦Ȼûܣϣ
豦ȭؿǵصŭһսڸԼҴҲץסһݲϷŵˮ֮ˣ

豦Ȼűʹתۣڣڣ
Ϊ˴ɣ
ɫ죬ҹʦס
ս޴ʲôʣ޴ʲôתۣ۵Ҳ˼ҹҲٳٵò𰸡
սɾίʵһٵδйģûڶʱڿδ硣
ĵף𲻾δ㯵ģĽߵսƹһ޾ĴݻһУȻĽ
豦˭ߵսǾԲйô࣬ʮ֮һûУٷ֮һҲδС
ͳͳɹ顣ȴֻкһ֣Ϊս顣
豦ϵΪ˴ɣ
ͷʦ࿴һۣҲԵͷǳڵۺȻʣΪҪһ⣿
ۺĳЩ˶̫豦еĿʲôɵ˸Ҹɵĸֲ롣ǲ̽Щܣֻһ㡣
ɽʮľж豦жۣνǴĻ࣬ȻֻΪ˱ĵ
豦ߣһ٣ûɵĸһֱһ䣺覣
ʦ㵡
豦ͷҡͷĿԻ󣺡ǰҹĹŹ֣Լƺйأ
ѹҪܣɱ۵˵ͷٲʣһʱȻӪںӶУѳ֡
һĮ̧֣ͷŽɫ⻪Ծ˫չһԱһ޶͵Ľɫţɫ·ˣ
ԼٶȣͣɫսϤҷ
һգۣȻǧսϤսֽͬڣľͱһ׺ɱ
ֽսûиκŴңź˽Ѿһˡ˽ս˽ҷ
࣬һ¡һȭӷڡת˲Ͱ۱Ƶ£
ʦһսȴҲһǣ

ǳ鴤һ£ޱؿǧսҷһĻ
ǰˣû˻Ϊսͷ¾ӣǲɵҲΪ֮ͷаһ
ǣû˻Ϊսͷڳս֮ǰԤһĻ濴ʱ򣬻̲סһ飡
һǣ󳬼֡
豦ȣĪӥסһ跨˵꣬һϢĴȥ
ĪӥȻסʲô
ʥһӪʱĺӶѾ˱Եˡ
Īӥģֻʣһ˹¶ؼ䣬˿ϣȻ豦跨Ҳˡ
豦ǾˣµľơͻӪʱ߾ʹʤš
ûˡ
ص㲻࣬Ҳܷùûʿûж־ֻпֻšصǣûʱʰġ
ĪӥڲǰȻԳһЦóΪͨսȻͳͳˡ
ǷͨսҶսµжϣѷɫ
ǲԼΪĿ꣬ǻʹܡȻ󣬼¾ȶԷ˹
֮ƣϧķûһ˿һʱ䣬ġ
һʱ䣬ȴƴĲʱ䡣
Īӥ̧ͷֱңԶߣ·ܿʤȯյ΢ЦȻҹǰҹͺҹУ·һԺӹ
Ƽ˼УĪӥȻһ̧ͷ˻Ʋǣ롭
һ¶ʮ
ʱ緢򢣬ʲ
ݱŭһХݿӪģҲԵĽ


439 ĩգʦҥ
ʤȯյζã
˦ɽϵˮŢȭӮˣ
ǼӪʥ߷ıԵˡ
ݱΪԤӣ£һͳѹյһݣѹʿ
βϧķսԶӴĿƴԲľʽסؼٵĻ
ֽȹӪֽǱһɱıɲ·ҲѸڷĳУ˾档
ݱļ룬һػҲΪ߾Եĳش
Ӫͺڻ¯ϵһˮԷɿٶڵıԵȫѹϣӪĵһ߿ʼܡ
Ծһ˷ܣӮˣΪ߸е֮һԸ뱱߾ȻΪǰ̣Ҳһľ۹⡣
СѾͷɱһĻקקߵ½ǣţӮˣСѾͷĺţǿĴɾȻսܣ
䣬ߵսֻʮ򣬶ܼƶʮ򣬲ռơ
߸һԱϲôЦڰںĸŻȥˡӮˣֻҪܣӮˣ߾ͳԶԷˡ
СѾͷ̫Ҳϲú𾪵СҲɰԺȻսǿ
֪һٲκûôǿӮӮսһ¡Ŀֻ
ɣֽԼΣоΪ֮ǰս£սһ֣ȻдԼࡣ
ʮȻھɢ£ʵܲսĲֻࡣཻ֣࣬ǰݱٲӮĻ߶Դ⡣
Ӫĵһߴ£ͺ￪ʼڵĿˮ
һ̵ʮ
Īӥһ̹ǣҵޱȣ˼٣ɱȫˣ
һ̵ʮ򣬾ͻΪӶʹɰΪشһγ裡
ĪӥȻ᣺ȥ£һԡϺ󣡡
󶼶Ȼǰȥקߣ
ĪӥΪһ˱ˣɫˣѵʮӶڴˣ
󶼶ڶಿȦˡ
ĪӥɫԻѾˣ˴ܣҺӶô½ôսеΣˣҲֻϷ򣡡
ϷˣĪӥףĿڲɨ߰ɣΪ߲Ѷϡ
ŷţĪӥȻסһȣ˵ʱһҪ߾
ϷΪ߾Ǳȳˣʱ߽ҹֹŹΪһڳԵ߾ĳδؾĺУ
ĪӥӺҹƺҪߣߣСС;ȻĻǡѹֱΪƽУ
Ϸս꣬ףξԸ
ĪӥĮɫһգŭ𣺡Ӷʿ汾һ
󶼶
ܵĵһ߽ʿססҧ˼ᣬѪڵķӦ
ŭУһʿݱϮ

߲ݣҡͷ̾ϢɣĴɣŵĴɣ
߸磡СѾͷģ۾ˣ˱սܵǼ꣬Ĺ佫ҲʱĪӥһ׳
帮Ȼһ齵ģһشܵģһԶ󶼶ϤںѾս֮սġ
Сǰ춷ҾɱĪӥ
ĴˣŵĴˣϵ£ɳֳšһûʱĥģսиġ
ȻʹǶͷҲͬܵ⣬һơ
ôӴɣûܷϣɵĽʿֵ𾴵ġֹǴɣܶҶһֻûдĸǿҡ
һЦ⣬ܿϧʹͷж֮ģֹʤ
ʤֵϸƷζܵġ
߲սУЦĪԸ齵𣿡
ͷĪӥ̧ͷɱһȺս飬ķЦߣսӮˡһ̵Ǿ޿ܡ
Ʋ죬˵໰ͲòˡһЦĪһֵصľˡҲ㣬̶ˡ
ֺԾһԾսɱ֮ĪӥŭЦƾʲôԵʮڳˣٶȲ죬άûܡ
ЦЦĪҲǻб֮ˡҲ㣬߰һɷеڽ졣
ҪôܣҪôֻ򱱲ˡ
˵ڲᡣĪӥɫңʧѿڣ߾Цͷڽ·ҪôҪô򱱳
Ȼһ򱱳ƱΧϵرı߾ͳΪ˵·ϵ·Ϊݻ־һ
Īӥ׹ߣɪɪ·߻ĵطҲһҪΪܺĵط
ȻߵķģôʮıԶˡ
õĽǱڽʱȫܣɢܻⷴ٣Ȼת򱱣Ǿļȫû
ߴüģ壬һֵ𾴵ľˡһ٣Īӥ壬һ
תͷҲصĲˣɵԱ󽫣β׷ɷɣ
ս͹ĺ񣬲۲£һĹ⣬ȻͻһֱгսӣսвĵطҲԼơ
סüģ緢ؿɽҰս׷ľ˼սӮˣÿ豦ʲôˡ
иУ̧ͷߣ輫⽻֯һһЦ⣺ʦ
ţˣ

ǣ
Ϭ紩ĻĵŷڵĲˣôֹͣסмһ仰ԭս
оȵϣ֮ǰ˵һа취գΪֻˣ
ϬţĵԾܻ棺ԭսһදӣ˵ͨˡԳһЦһֱ²͸߸Լӣʲôã
ǰʲôá߸ʵעҪģȻ˵ͨˡĿս˵ͨˡ
û˵ð᣺ڱƾһҥԡ
ʲôҥԣԻ
Ϭ˼ͻȻֻ׺ͶȣȡеͷҲ˵Ȼһ٣֡
Ϭͷأҥ˵ĳ߶ĳ׽˵ʦġһ̧ͷ𣿡
ţûʦ֪ġȻû˻ţмҡͷȻסŴ졣
ʦͺۣ֪Уʦͺ֪УҲ֪ûе
ϸļ¼սƶϣԼֻս顣ĳܼޡϬĿ˸׺ȣǿֻܳս顣
ˣ֣ѵʦ
Ϭ練ʣǧǰΪʲôʦ


440 ս
Ǻܰ꣬÷ѹ֡
սɾ
û֮ǰĿõһĻĻֲսŭӳгӹƵսͺһûһеĺ
û˸ڵںǰߣֻᱻݻ١
ս𺳣ǻ֮ȥӰҲ񲻸ŵĿֲ
Եţ񱻵ͷһսΪֵһ̣Ҿ;ķǳĨ˦ˡ
ͷβɷ涼ûбһ˿һӪǵ˼
շңҼͺϵµڱУǡǡԭ׷ŭָһһеˣȫ꣬һ
һĿϲֱ޷ǱһֻͶߵĵеǰǶھжһ˿δ
Ȼˣս֣һ֪Ѻˡ߸ҡҡ׹ûǮ;һ޿ܵ
ΪΨһأҲͶЧߵģǱȵģҽιδνһƬ
Ĵ˽û˸ԺǷ˽Ҳϵĵ򡣷Ѿ·һˡ
أ֮ۢĿɿڴȻƻã·ڿҪʱ򣬺Ȼˡ
ƾս˶һƬȡǰЩʰ׼ߵĴСԱ޲ûڷǳ֪ˣαСˡ
߸δ޵Ĺ
ǰҹɧ֮ǳˣңΰƽĹͶЧ֮̾ʹɧУָƽ
Ҳʣ豦лᣬΪʲôûиɵ߸ĹԱץҪЮߣԲѧ
Ⲣһǵ⡣ɱܱ߸ĹԱԴʲôôκǰʮ¼бϵĲͬ
ȣϴ˼ҴɵĵϸꡣΣǰҹ˽ץ˵ġ˶ץˣɲܷŵȻǸˡ
ǱʵĲͬɻץɱ߸ʲôãҪЮߣɲ
ͱУƽضлɱԱ£ҲǳƤһս֮󣬲ſʼģĴɱйԱ
ǧΪһԣ豦ûɱûץ߸ĹԱΪ塣Եɲ׸ԡ
վУк٣Ȼѵʦ
ȻʲôܽսϬôϬ
гĬĳȵϣ˵ΣգΪҪ
ϬĿת߸Ӫת˵һ׮£˵Ƿǣ
гɣò׼Ϭ¶Ц᲻ˣǾƵòεġʼʾҲ޿κΡ
ϬЦЦ֮ɫŨʵа취ܵõΣƩ磬ǸĻܣǱΡ
ͺñȽգ¦ΪȻΪǷ˹ˣ
ϬĿЦЦ߶²ţ¦һȥأԼʧˡϣһҲʧܡ
ҪʱϤˣǿֻõĻᡣ
¶֮ɫˣǸ֣
δ䣬һɫӰȷԾںҹУ

һ˷ںҹУϸĹ۲졣
£棿Ϭü֮һС᲻ˣе㲻ţҪ֮һ̫Ϊ˾ɡ
˻һ£·ϬĿ⣬Ȼһɨӹȥ˸еһ¡
ȻϢڱ߸ӪԺƾ鱨սѺλòѡҲû
̤һѺĵط˱͵Ŀҫ۾⣬̧ƾպȥ
һתۣһȰ˺Ȼ֣֮Ժһǡ
ѪڣɼȥĿⷺסµͳɤӾȣۣ
չӣȻ˦ס첲žһ¾·һ䱬
˫ָһ£ƺһͳȵ˭˫žһ̤ʯ顣⣬غƺˮһӿʮףݿֲ
üɫߵͳмһ˿˵᣺˵öɱ
һײǽϣĿԭǸ̫࣡
һת۶תƣƮۿҪСƶ·Ҫȼһһǰҹ
Ŀг֮ɫߴʲôطһۣߵ֮Ȼµǻˣ
ߣŰһѼ·ı߸ԱѲáһѷ䣬Ȼһ£˶ʱҽжͱһѪ
͵͵ЦƮɢѪɫȲˣҾɱˣ̧ͷвŰѪɫЦɲɱɱ
ͻȻ֮䣬һҵĺէȻ
УһŮӻѺһ߳ţɱҲɱ
ɱɣŮӾȻһӼ;ǿ⣬Ǳ߸ĹԱ⣡
δ䣬Ůӵıࡣ
ѣؿŮӣڵɱ纣һŰƽ˾Ȼ侲ߣٺ٣ߣ
ߣѹԽթϵˣؾߵĺ֡˵Ŀ侲üΣգ
Ůת£ǰ±֮£Ҫ
·ѡģǾҪܺ߻˵ûеûеߣҲܡ
ɢżΣյ侲ߣӮˡߵʣ㣬ʹ˰ݡߵսŸոտʼ
ӮһΣһֱӮ𣬶һΣͻ
˵תΪâȥ졣

ŮӺһЩףתܹܣΪβ˻ɱ
̫ɫأˣڣʵɲ⣬ۼԼ
ǰߣһ鷳ŮӾġ
̫൭Ц֮ţ޾ףضа취Ըᣡһ٣ϵϷˣƾս߸ҲΪǿ
־۵ıžǴҲˡ
šϣĳĸεļһȻչһЦûɵıð
һĹӴǲЩӰ˵ĶȻҲȥ룬սΪʱˣƻοߣ
죬߲ܣݶùˡ
һ߼ǱƵĸ߹ݣƵȻһǱ߸Ļ֣ۼǱǿ֮һˡ
ߵˣݣϤڱơƣϻ֮ȥһӡһƮĻĹӡ
̫ɫ䣬ĿҲƺֻˮ΢
Ȼع￴עҪһˣδע̫顣һе֡


441 ֣һҹ
ûսǵһΣҲǾһΣ
һΣˣڰʾʲô
ޱ߷ĴȱŻǣһɫǹϸĲǹ⣬豦ֱ˵ǲǹٶôת˼
豦ӱǹʮ񻯸ְйս֮
豦ûֱӻشǹתһ⣺λĿսĳ뵽ģλҲض뵽ˡ
ֻ˵սǹ豦Ŀ㣬󷢳ĺ
սǹ
֪˻һһ룬ս͹ֵģҲ˵һֹҪģһ㣬豦Ǳ̨ʡ
磬Ǵأ豦վڴУʪһ
豦ͳλĿˣսɱ¾ҵ֮࣬أλһ롣Ȼܳڶ˽磬˽ɺεģ
˽磬᲻һ磡
Ļȴ˵˼Уսʮ򣿰һǧ򣬻Σλ൱еٮٮߣΪһ롣
¡¡ɱ·ǿ豦˵Ӫ֮ĲҺ䶯ĳ֯ɴĿĵһĻĻ
һ֮ԱǵӺڰˣ޷ǳɱսˡûʵĻҲͲ˵ˣʲôô
豦ڣôһ˵ģ档λĪҪˣˣǹ飬Ӳս飡
ڰеȻ񣺡ţ
豦üһǳǳŭ⸡֣ǸҲŹҴɵȻʧˡ
ڰеٲ˵˲ܳͺܿƫƫֲеͳԵɤ豦Ϊϴɺߵս
Į֮ذڹûʵĵ˱ս¶ˡһݣνսȴڱݡ
սսǹҪҲҪ󡣡
ǹսжΣĳע⡣ҵע⣬սԷߣ˵սΣȫ࣬豦˼˵Σȫ࣡
ΣࡣҵڣΣԸ󣡡
豦µɫ࣡
žžҹ١һȻĴĻдһ߹һ̾˵λǹȻһѪ
˵ΣܶԱ͵ۣǱΣҪʮٱ
ҡͷʧЦˣ㱾Դǣ˵ǴĲһֻӣοգ
豦Ŀʱͬһȵʧ̬Ҳֻһ̱ˡ
֪ΪΣȻǹͰ˲ȶһоԴ˵һҹ̫̫Ѱˡ

ߵĺȻҲսβѶ
豦׹ԨȻףһĻĻҡ
ڵģ֪ΪһҹԵ÷ڰ֮еԶ⽻֯Ǽǧǣۡ
սһߣǵƾһ֮Ҳǣס۵ˡ
ʱܣܵܣı˵ĳˡɽҰսڳʤ׷߱Ҳָսɵսǡ
էȻһƺǿάĳˣҲʵǺӶļڷáȻһ֧ӵĻû׼սʱ򣬾Ѿȫ߱ˡ
ˣȻ֪ڽսߵ·ʱҪôɢҪô򶫣򶫻߾ʧӲʹ
⣬ҰǱضˡ
Ψһ⣬ֻ԰˲һԹ۵񻯸֡
Ц裬Ҳʶˡô˵˻ǿɲʶøɵġʼһ٣㿴˵㲻Դǣ㻹Ҫ˵㲻˵ôġ
ЦеĻˣ㣬Ҿ˵ҰĲһͳ޵˻ʡĵĲһ䣬ʵء
豦µʱཷһ˿ЦãһȻȻ˵ˣҲһ¡ǲ
˺ȻЦˣĿгɭ֮ɫ
豦˵ȥսжΣǸиԵĿжϣʲôܶҡġȻǲΣ
Ȼ̯֣кĵģһ֮߻ӭκлɵˣҲѪ
һ٣ɫеɢǰĲ粨ԼܣȻ߲ҲΪ¹شҪһѪ
ǸָͷһѪȥƵǣĵ׵Ľίʵ޷
սʲôת䣬ûԤڡʱ˼άĳŸոտʼ࣬õĽȻս֮޲ӡ
Բᷢ
ǰߺһ룡
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ͨĺҪηϣҲ֤ϬƾΪȻΪɼΪԶǴڵġ
豦Ŀ࣬һֹģ
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ͣһ׼һɳ죡


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̧һ·۳ɵıӣַ·һŵĹΣ侲ķʽȦˣеһ壬ҾͲӡ
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γһޱȿµĴУͺķС类޾Ĺâһ
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֮УȻ˲٣ȴҲջ١ῴǧܣϼͣǾڻʶİɡǧЦŵͷ
յĵطȥ˶࣬١߲죺ĵرԼţʲôô
ָָǧܣʦǰõıڻ޵õġ˵ǡɢǱߵģˮȲٱﶼǴǱҵġ
˵õҲʧǱߡ
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ѽѽ˼ңǧͷİѹ̵Ĳһ̵ͣͷҰƵ¸ϳ
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ʱǡսɨβѺ²ǡߵһ⣬ˣϣҫԻ͡


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覺Ȼ죺߸磬⣬Ҫ򶫱𡣡
Ծ̫ˡ߶һЦȻǣ˰죬һǡֵĴʣ
װУûװеġ
۵ĶսǰĴսκԵʣܼսӽʮ
оݱս١Ȼսˣǧսֻʣ´Լһ롣ǱƷϸߣҪ䶼ʱûޡ
־ܲˡǸ䣬ǴӾѡƷﵽսʿ䲹ȥ
ļнף˷һսκŴԼвһսΪʱﲻļĵز
ڲκŵսǵõޱȻԻ͵ս
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Ӷǿ֮ڴܵУҲɹģ׺ݵĹѾѾγɶϺľ档
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֮սߵսĿɣԶʮκţ𲢷ԼʮһĻԻͣҲս¡صĵǳ
ȻЦٴеľٶȴһҲҴ⣺СѾͷһҪˣΪ߸󶼶Ҫע⣬ɾĺǿ
覺ܸ˵Ĵ˰߸ĳ˵Ľ̸ĵĹ۲졣
ЦȴҲϸĹ۲졣ɾĺǿȻǲµһǿһ㣬кܴ飬ǵǿľ֮һ
֮սǿʧ׷սеʧ϶в°սսںӶϡ
ӺӶ֣Լ²֣ܿɾս־ǿ
룬ͽսսëүү˵ģ

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صرǲפص֮£̾ҵĴ
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ҴҸȥĳǷһסأһĽоԲΪĿԼܼʮ򡣡
ĿսƷԼΪнס
һս鱨ٵĴأһᣬԼͳ˵ҰУڳսټһۿȥʱ𶯲ѡ
˿ģԶ޷ȡԼš
ʮսж٣Ȼɷֻ¶δܿĵ߼ʡ
սߣĲʲôϤˡǡǡϤģϤģȻһһޱӴĿǰӾκ˸е١
³ǵȻһɧҵУĿɿڴؿ޾ս
ңǰչģľжҪһңӵҲͻӳ١ֻҪӳ٣Ǿʱڵӳ١
ӣɸܵУͺһһר¡
սڶսӪһֱ֣ס˴ɵҪ˵Ľţ֪
һսսսȻƼʮҲҪȴǰ߳Ӵһ㣬սַӸܵС
һ룬ܴ˵Ľź亹߽εġװСжôش塣
סɵĲӣ򲻴벻ǾͲ˵㣬˵㡣
ΪŴɿһĵֻҪɵƤ£Ҷö֣ڸ̬ɶҪ̿֡
㣬һƲѣˣֲ̣ʲô
Ůˣ̵㲻عҪ쭣üЦ£
ŵĻȭͷ꣬ʹļףãԱŮ˵ı
ˡСѾͷȻ
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ĶͻҡͷûҪ˷Ѿⲫսˡһ˼ʾǧս
Ŀת

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ʤܣӰġ
Լͳˣ޲߬һѺΪûѵûУȴ֪߻ûʱȥӶᡣ
ţӪ˵սûôȻͳȻʧ
ս鲽ûʵ壬ûȵģȻҲûಽֽ̤صơ
ǧȻϢıƽһ֧ս֮ǰһᣬ챬ŭ𣬷׷׾ս񱼣棡
ǹܱϣ
ʱı󣬾Ȼɡͳ޲һɫأսηίʵһƣ
Ľ֮£ȻܲŲæıҲֻϱõȻսȴкηԣȻʵ֡
ǹǰߣܱԺһ㡣棬𶯼˸еĳһת۾·ŭһӲӲĳս飡
ǹ͵ܱĵһ赲ʱǰŵսҷҲ﷢Һ£
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ãͳץסġ˶ˣս鼼ûսµľս鼼
ս鼼ս師
ƽУϢ䱬﷢Һ⽣ӰɱѪһս鼼ɱ˽ӽ
ƽСǲκŵս鼼֮һڲκʷϣǵ춨κҪսۡ
ߺ⣬ٴĿǰս㲻٣Ҳ㡣һǺηս鼼
ƾս鼼һ㣬û˸˵ս͹һս鼼һսʩչɱʹˡ
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450 װʾ
ս鼼սƣҲ師
ս鼼ķѵսûûҲ˵һ師սĻݼս
ԣսһǰֻܶս鼼һȫãǾͻֵ
ǧսһĹ򣬾ս١һǧһתۣ˲¶ٰࡣ
һʹĵؿ½ʿս۰Ͱ͵ؿŸٴҲûˣ糷ɣս飬ˡ
ͳ쳤̾սǰĶԾʵټĿв٣ҪľԾķʽ壬ҡоľġ
ܲμֶԾģͳͳиζϺһģܻⶼϳ
һͻᶯҡİǵͼս飬Ͳµġ
ܳһӪƷĹԱ侲˽ǲսȥԼսȵȡһõĻᡣ
鱨רעģڱϼ¼¹۲֡
Ȼ֪豦Ҳ֪˶֪Щ¼Ķֵޡ
սͣսȵȶҪΪҪģսԼ·
Ūһ㣬ٶ鱨Ҳսĺġ
װ٣ܴԣΪǡ鱨ٿټ¼սʱ޷ƣս鼼ĹϵսԤڵҪߡ
װһ㣬ַˡ
սװսӣӣһࡣ
װǹܱװȵȡװԼͻȵȣҲ𽥷ࡣ
װĿǰһС⡣߸ģֻҪս࣬װȻԽԽࡣ
սսս󣬲ʺս鱨һеǲ졣
Ҫ˵սһΪ֮ͷ㣬ɾս
սԵ򣬺;޵ս൱һĵطˣսսǼ̳ǰľ飬۲ȫӦ޵ս
ΪսԵر
ԭս󣬲Ӧߵսɾеһϱ׶ýâսܼһâɸɵ

սһ⡣
սеҲһ⡣ʯ֮еսȱǸûС
ҲϸĵĶս£жսƺ㡣ֻսУõѧϰսİ취
սƣҲ㡣ǲܷϵġ
е㲻٣޵ľӻֵúϸ£ÿһ֧бս
һ־ɵģսڶսУΪһɾƾоɻҡ
ӵУһϧ̶ȲڿջӪӪרװصս顣Ʃþս飬Ʃ֡
ϸµľӻ֣ߵһʱ򣬶Ͻˡһ㣬սȱģϾս顣
˼תɵһǧս룬ͷ裬սؾ
ڸʲô椿ĿɿڴĳĹ⾰һ´㵲ѡ
ҪʹɾһսգգۣһսˡﵽĿľ͹ˣûҪҪս
СѾͷΪȻΪԵõ˺һۣŮ汿
ûСѾͷС˼Цһѵ͹ˡҵĿģǸǣʲôǣʲôز
椱ˣзֱС
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£һߵĶʿ޲һ
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ս붫صģͳ޲εѣĪЯս
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սúڲ䣬Ǿֲ̫ˣ
ͳȾþɳĽ죬ֻҪһ룬־жô޴ơ
ңң򶫱֣ЦĽʿĳ·ͣɸλдʵڲʤҡͣõĽͣͳ춮һô
ЦССĶȤζ󺰣ͷ֪ǵĻʵۣ֮ҾԻطã׼óԵĵң
ͷͳ޲ľĸ̡
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Ϧ£һȻȥȻԵ˧
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걻ӰҲ͸־ᡣаȫأأ

ƣ
ΰĵطʲôߣ֣Ϊǣͳͳǡ
ˣΰĵطڣжҲһе˵ȥʲôʲô񣡡
Ƶ΢Цޣһֱţһֱһ
ѡҪÿһ׮£ǾͶȻܣһжΪѡ񣡡
Ƶסһöɫӣº͵ЦЦ̶İ׻Ц񡣡
Ƶ鿴ܺãԼҲѧ
׻۶Ƶ۵۾ǿ̣˵ʲôֱԡȻʮ꣬Ĵܺá
ûĵˣעɲ˴¡Ƶۿһغһڲ裬ɤŲŵ㣬ΪҪϰ䣬Ŀĺڡ
һЩ⣬ʮ꣬ûشΣϣõһ𸴡
׻¶һ˿ڽ棬Ҷʮ꣬û˵ʲô˵
ƵһЩ׵ϣһĨѪɫӰϣ³֣񣡡
㰵нϰ䣬һȸеԻ󡣡Ƶ̧ͷֱӰ׻ۣ˵£ʵʲôû֪
׻ޱ顣
ƵۺһЦҪɲⱾͲãĿǳºͣĺܲãǳã
׻俴Цǲǲѵ㲻֪
Ƶҡͷס̫ѨදҵĲ²⣬ϲϻشѾҪˡ׻Ц
ƵۣʧЦΪ˵ЦСΨһĶӣʱ룬Ȼǲϣûɹ
Сߣ᲻һ񣿻ߣҪĲ񣬱ĺ
ƵķһֵȻ֪վģǲ񣡡
׻ۼޱ飬Ū֮ɫŨ
̡Ƶסɫӣصĳһ¶һ΢Цһ룬ʣ°֣Ϳܲ
׻۴׿̣
Ƶ˹վЦ˸㣬Сһ֧ӴսǾ޴δйģɴӽ𣬻Ҫɫˡ
ƵѰζİһһȴð׻ɫѣ
֮أֻֻֻ񣬻᲻Ȥ


451 ɵ
ҡеװʾԷɿٶȴӶرɾ
Ӿôʹʱɵŭѵߣ˵ɱɱһٴΣ
ڣضϵԶĸбɱɱһٴΣһͳϵŴˡ
ɱɱһٴΣ²££ֻһٴΣǸǺε
Ϣŭ׸Լһԡ
ɵŭȭΣȻһٶޣ˲ͷޡΪʮս
ǴӣעҪһͳޡɵĿţ֪ȻҪƽߣڸ;û׼
׸ԹȰ£ֻ²ɣִ֧ʱ߿ս
Ҳԣ
ȻԾõķԣɵ۳ԾŭûǮĪҴɵľӾͲսˣ
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ԾҲС£Ӷ֮ܣҴɾҰܡһܣܡҴɵľġ
豦˼סɾս춨ս޲ʤ޲˵Ĺ⻷ܸߣɾźʿزǰ
ǿɵ۵ŭһһӲУһǿĻʵۣȴһβ֪԰Ļʵۣ豦˵
豦ӰУ£ƾӪ֪ߵսжʮ֪
ӽζ鱨սƣǿڹӱơǿҲսԶҴɾԼԼҴɾһ
սдװս鼼߱ϸߵı
ΣսȻڶس֣΢ǹ۲죬ЯսҲ˵߾߱ʱͶս
еһɫסζսսԷʤ
ɵ۲ǾˣȴҲʧζ߸˵ʱɷսһת˵ʱҲܹ
豦Ӱһ䣺Ըսõİ취񻯸֣
ɵ˫ۣϣǰ㣬·ʨйһǻָ侲ʧĻӻ֣ˣ
߽ڶʾ޿ġ޾͵
׸ޣӢҴɽʱգҲޱҪ俪ؽֻԪ˻ʾս֮ʱȻһĻ˻ʡ
ɵ۰ԿЦڰ֡
˭ףһǱƵȹҪ䣬ʵǴǰߵѹ̫ˡƾɵ˿ڽɵ۵ĵǾǿ
Ƶ־˻ʵĹңϽ˿ڵ̣˻һɵ۵Ķ֡
˻ʻǾ޵һ֣ǰǣﵽϵ֮ˮ׼

һһ£ɵڣԼķһ
ĳЩСƶȱȽϱ죬Ҳ˵ңǿƶȣƵģʵ۾ͺñȴֻպù֮Ĵˡ
Ȼʵ۰Ѷ񽻸ٴڻʵ۾Ͳܹʴ
ڸ;óʽģڴڸֱ档ʵ׸˵ǣһ˻ʸսһǰԸİٶܾ߼ˡ
ҵ˰ܵļ٣Ŀ֧΢ӣȴڼ١
׸˵ǣʱߴһս޶塣ɵɫٶҡ
;񱨸棬ϱߵй¶һ飬ᱻΪҪ鱨Ǿϱᵽļ֣ԽĿࡣ
žɵذѾڶϡ
侲˼һᣬɵۺȻĿ˸ڶս͵ġ
ɵⲽһᣬǶһҪûҲˣˮҲգֻҪ޳Ϊ˻ʣڻ¡ʱ˵ҪľǸ
߰ߣս޻δ֪޵ľ㡣
豦һʡɵ߰󺰡
һᣬһú˵ӴҴҸҪɵ۲͵񣬹һʣ㣬Ҫûа취ɱ
ߣ
һһЦر£ֻºѡ֮˽թмǧֻܱ¼ѡ
ɵ֪ԼҲô𰸣ҲŭΣȴԸһõĻ᣺߽ίʵһΪѵõĺûᡣ
һЦЩӲ߼Ȼֻ͡û˵꣬ɵҲûʣⴿϻ߸Ȼаȫˡ
ɵ߰һЩ־ڱصõġ
Σ۳ܣζҪһԡ
ɵһʣּ
ɵĿϣ֮·ϯ£ٸҸɸ֣
޾ͲţڣԸһߣ
ĺŻʵ۵͸߿ɡ

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üһ٣
һνݣ͢ٹһʦˡ
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ҵڹȥڵԱ϶ǲ糤ۡҲֻǲ۳ˡ
ңʣµߴңÿһҶͬһӵۣڣѡ
ߴ޴ӿܡҶҵ벻粨ͼı᲻ҰȻе鲢ıĹһӪһ򾡡
а˰ʷҶңʹʧ˵Խߡ
ҶΪбƽߴһصľӡ½͢ЧߴҲǱģֻܽܳ͢ĺ
Ǵɣƣ޲һ߼ţһŬշڵĸ
շ漰ɺҵġߣҪ񻯸ַΪս
һǳʱڡ
񻯸֣Ϊսսκһ͢£ڵ񻯸֡ɣʵҲѡ
˻һû⡣ⲻ˵˵ʷйϸصġ
ʵܺߴңɵķӣûٵľͶͷˡ
۾ޣֺף˭һͳԴ˿ӴĶޱޣ˭ͱؽƲɵ
Ȼ۶ޱޣ߱˻ʸĹҲࡣ˴ǿֻ˻ʵʸ
޾Իң̫סȴǰ϶û⣬ȡһ˻ʸǼ޷ġ
ʱϷӣ㡣
Һɣвٰ׳գµĿ϶ôĿ⡣
ˮңɽңߴҵڷ׷׳
ҡڵĲǳڵףڵķ٣ɵڷ׷׳
·֣ڿޱȵĴӴɵÿһ䣬ɿƼɾ
ҲһҲֻһκƽ̸С
ƴעǾͳԶˡ


452 һδ֪ʤ
ɾһ̺òˣڵߡ
ƲںҲδյĽɣյɾǰ
һΪĴУһһսĵ̣һᣬŴԼһЩ۸
оս飬ս飬Ψûս顣Ϊսߵ壬гΪֵģⶼûУǾ㲻ϴ̼ҡ
£Ҳļսļ۸ǻԴԴϵ˵͹٣ǲ֪۸ҲǣɣǾ޵ս鶼Ǽۡ
ⲻǵڴҲмּʶ
Ĳ۸ǵ̫ˣļµģ˭Ҫ߰ԺЦǡҪ֪ġ
ƽпࣺҲ治һ̣ɶϻˡ˵⼸찡͢дսɹ򵱵عٸ
֪Ĳ࣬߻Цˡ
ˣ綼ڻ࿪𣬸ʼ۸һġзӰ첻󣬷ڱĹңû׼һС
սǷԣһģܲսӰ졣˭ߵսļսء
ڸսɹ뱨ִٵߣȻߵսġ
⣬СѾͷиоΨǺ椷ȻѣҲ֪ȱսڷȻʲô
СѾͷСѾͷҲҿ϶˵߸磬սס
šߺȻɵķӦȻԴͷס߹ս齨ӵ;
СѾͷͺģ߲ΪȻû֪ս޸ϵסԴͷģô룬ǡǡҪġ
ζһЦбҪ΢ڸһսôøţסгԴͷסߵսĲ;
ҪҪȫµǾбҪһݣ
ѵ߻£ǴԽͣսǵս飿
椱˰죺ߣսԺô䣿
ľǣô󣬴ءߺȻһЦ˵ҹҪƭ㡣
СѾͷסСȭͷ۾Ժ߸磬ΪʲôҪءʱǸ𡣡
°ͣһӻˮЦ̸Ļ˵ûãƽ׵Ĳ֪ٷաοա
֮սս̬ȻϾ̨һսʮνһվҫ۶Ŀ̨ϡ
ʱսϢڴڷ͡
߾ٶ࣬Ҳ󲻵ٳת䣬ʲô̬ȡ
δѣɵۣԴɷвƽȥȫȫӦ߸δս
̧ͷϻ죬Ҳ֪ʲô·Ҳ֪δ

˵òսϢԲϳķʽޱȵĴ
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һеһΪֵģһ֮֮ƾߵͣԼΪδֱȻֱ޵ڶֶȥû˸
ǰһǱ޴ޱȵߡ½֮һӵиùδ
ǧܺ͵ᣬ֮ս־ԳΪߵսԱɡ
߸һսʵı⣬Ӵ˲šŵķˣ߸Ƿ߱µʵ
ߵδ˻ʣƾһ˫˫ﵽ۷壬ֻҲ˻ʲ١һԣ߸ƺپ߱Եʵ
Ƿԣ߸Ƿ߱ʵ
һ⣬ˡϬǵһȷʾģɢضϲʵۡһ٣ˣ˵ǲǻʵ۲Ҫ
ߵƾһ㣬߸һͳ£֮ء
Ϊһһʵǲһͳ¡ɳһһͳ£³ƨƨҲԤ
ĳĳأҪԱһ飬һϬ硣
᲻Ϭ磬ҲĵܸϬ硣ɽߣϬΪ˽ߵˣûоܾ
ѻ赭ָߵʵܷȼ˻ʣԼսս
ʩʩ۳Ҳ˵ս
Ϭͷ߸ɲ˰ҵû˻ʣͳɲˡҲ˻ʵĶ֡
ΪȻѻ۲
ߵ˻ͳǶ˵ʷʱֹ޵һ֡һ˫˫ﵽ۷壬ǻ˻ʱ
֪뵱˻ʽֹʩɫȻȻǰˡ
ʩ޶ɫĿأ˸о£æɫʩ޻ҲֻŶһ˲ս˻ʣǵ˻ʡ
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ֻսȴƫƫһ˿ӣ˾޵һĻʵۡһ衣
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һأߵ࣬ͽһԾͻΪʦָ֮֮࣬տɴ


460 ͻƣʦ
ߵͷҪըˡ
һʹҲһ˺ѷεʹ
׵˶ˣߵͻͬʱˣҪʮҪʹʮ
Ƿ˺ʹڸսĹУϰˡӱϿûʹȫֳ
һ죬·šˮ
ͺһѵԴ꣬ͺͺھϵİκӣҪ˺ѡ
ܶʱĳͻͻ𲽿ʼŲȥáһ񻯣ͻ䱾ʱŲȥǾĻϵ
һ־һ񻯣ҲῪʼھϵĴ
ֻһ꣬ܰѾָԹԵʣΪԽߣԽǼܹ档
һӣھкҵײγһɷ籩ȫ
Ӻ޷档
ûεڿҪͻ֮ʣȻ·ƽ⡣ӺײҪôһѹһҪôһ̵һ
ʹشƱ˽Ĵʥħˡ
ûܰ˫˫Ƿ켫ֻеΨһľ޵һֻҪһǾһа취
жϤΨһ⣬ԲʾձԡûѡȥҪôΪϵҪô߽⡣
п⾫籩ڳбɰ׳գԲ
ԲУʲô취һҪԣΪûѡ
ǰλ޵һô쵽ģ
߲֪Ҳ벻סʹסھ籩УԺİ취ûһЧʵֵİ취
߿Ц»ı硣
ûз磬ܹġѧʿٶʵûܴﵽ񻯾žҲʵ
ķǴʼ磬ͻǴӡ
ͺһ壬ֻһꡣɾѵķӡ
ߺȻһȷһ򡣲԰ҺǴԽߣ屾Ͳҵġ
߻Ȼϲķһؼ
ྫںϣǾвͨģһġǣܲܳ԰־ָ
Ȼʾ֭˼һᣬһ΢Ца취ˡ
ǴԽߣҵɡӣǾܳԸ
ƽרעУһƾѾųȻЦˣ籩Ƶʺǿ콵ˡ
ԾΪΪ
֮䣬Ȼǧ˿ƵǴԽߣһͲԭꡣͺϵ޸ʼջһЩѺ۵ġ
ĳЩǶ˵ûս츳Ҳе㲻Сĸϵ
ӺһܼѵḶ́ܿںתԤڵķչ

ߵı仯˵ʵһĹ
¡Ŀ¶׹⣬
ɵҡͷûɱģɱһǧܺ;ĿͶͷˡ
ߵͻƣɵ۸е𶯣Ҳһʱĳ嶯Ϊδ˻ʣɵгֵɲںߵΪΪɵߵͷԺ硣
˻ʷżɵߵΪǼǧܺ;һ˻ʣҲֻаķݡ
ǧܺ;ɽ˲
豦͹һʳûЦõİ취ǰۺ߸ߺ覡
֮̿ȻƾսߵӰӵУӰεظšһԭ̣ҲͳƲˡ
һǧܣ֪Ĵ档ֻгۣû˸λɹɱ־۵˰
־۵սɵ۵޲ڰ߬һѺ
Ҫץߺ覣֮Ҫǧܶһءûаգ͵ɵ۽㣬ҡͷ˵ްȫˡ
ţĽǲУȻϲϵʹ֮ɫȥˣϢŨ
һβؼǧܴţ˶ߵϢ˳ͻƵļһԡ
ȻߵһԾҡҷ£ΪĹԣҹĲǳɢ֮䡣
ˣ˾ϲСĳЩʶϹ˱԰ۡ
׳գͻƵʦ֮סһʦľӡ̫Ѱ
ȻȻطȻҡͷյĴƬƣȻڴĴɢƵγһĴ
һ̲ΰ֮·һԻ͵ǹǿУڷƵϯ¡
һʦľ籩춯أֱɫ䣬ƣ˵Ǻƴΰ
ľӡϢÿһ˸еƵá
ɲǣֻԭɢĹԴ˷ϯغȻ֮޾»صߵͷΪһñ߱˴Сᡣ
˵һиӦǷֱصĺΰ֮
һʦ֮ģ
ӴҡҷһᣬȻһƴСľ״
ȻۣһԾЦˣλĳûλ
ǧЦ۾ûˣһõͽܣҲǴϣȻֻ֪Ľ۶Ҫˡ
αصȵĽ۵޲һּʵĿ⿴ǧܣĽп֪ͷǾֲǧͽˣѵ۴ѵɶͷ
Ŷʮͷʦ࣬⻹ˣ

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ƾۣԼаСֻ̬£ˡ
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ɵޱ飬ߵһܻ뿪ֻҲδء
ӲɡӲɡƲ죬Ͽҵ£ͻˣáģͲҪԸٱҴˡֻЦǶͦˣǶ಻˼ְ
ʦ࣬ҲĪҪ̫Դˡ
Դ𣿡թʧɫģʲЦĺСѾͷεðɣԴſҧһڣԺһ׼ǫˡ
߾һֱһǫˣŸаˣ˭ǰ˭קøƵġǳˮӼʡ
ɫ࣬ŭһȭ䶯ȭ֮ͣȻǺ¡һ£ƾನͰһСɽƽ
һȭûϣƮٱ䣬һת۴Ӳ¡žžľй¶ϯʮף˸ɡ
ɲǣͺ;һ飬ڵһ˫˫ɳȥžžײڰɽ
һԴԽɽУͲǵһ͹ȵĴӺǰӹʱ󺹡
۵޲Ȼ֣⾣̫ˣֻ·־۵Ҳһġ
һɽҰȻӰŵĲмȻϷ˵
Цһ£һεؿɵۣзǡҲ룬ԸԸ


461 սܲ
ͣ
СѾͷ֪ãߵı̫ˣ̲סЦˡȻ֮ǰſ޵ɵۣƺҲ̫ˡ
ɵŭ棬κΣһʰ޲οһǧܡ
Ҫֻʧ᲻٣Ҳսһۡ
ɵŭ⳱ˮȥ죬Ȼò⡣Ϊ˺Ķֵøսĳشۣ
ʼ磬Ƿº͵£̸һ̸Ʋɱɱãʱˡ
˵ɵ۲ɫ
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΢Ц䵥ۣһԲ
ɵԶԣΪЧۣҲ䵥ˡ˾Ի᲻ûΧһɵ
ɻΣرҸζգգۣ׺ӣҪҲûᡣ
ɵɫһŶ˻
Ϸָۣͷ󣬺ĶˡҪڣ߸ɺƽ
ɵ۸ֶĿߣҲ̫Сˡ߸Ǵü޵вȻٸķչֻ»Ϊɰҵ·ʯ
Ʋ죺Ǳµ˼ҪɵһۡЦҷǲ⣬ԿǴɡ
ɵ۳죬ЦһʿɱҲеʱ䣬ҲһῼǴսڴɾ档
ɵۺ͹һʵ޲ɫ䣬мһ䣺ߣң
ߺȻߣҲң£㲻սһҵ顣
ãû⣬սȥɾװСûϵսȥɾڲȲȵ̣йһ¾ˡ
Ҳңɵ˵㣬˵㡣º΢ЦЦĪΣա

£硭
̧նһǣɵĬ
սǱв̫ˣص㲻ж٣սԻܰսκʱ䣬Ͷκһطʤġ
ϸϸ˿ϡɵһԲ飬ĿΡȻߣ޾Ͳ㣿ˡ
ȤĶġۣ£Ϊ񣬾д۳Ϊɵ
ɫһ٣ȻһЦ°͵ԭʧٵǱߣ
ɵ۵׵һĿߣΪ߸ȡ꣬ĪԱ߸һٵش塣
󣬸һͻ֮ԴǼǧܵĶԡ
죬ȻɵۣҪ꣬вãһƽϢս𣬵ȴƾš
ĨƽͷƣǷһЦ£Ҳֱԣ߸Ҫ꣬ɸҪգ¾μᶨƵҪɱҡ
ҲȻɹն
Ҳ˵һ䣬ʱ˿̣ϵ񣬾Բһ¡
º͵գգۣƺڰʾƺѡĲ룬Ҳܳ׺ʹɷĿʱĺƽǱ߸ǧܵҲҪ
ɵĬȻȻչգ޵һԣɾڸϤڴˣ뿴ƾʲôΪ޾һû취
һʾ⣬Դϲ췢ХХʯҡֱϡ
ǧüںͽֵľҲüٵսԼٶ·ء
Хһźš
ɽҰ֮УһӰȺɽз׷Ծ֣һڵӰռ˸ߵءӪ
ȻһӰƣķɿĳ׷׿ٵ
ʦͣȣԼڣϢӦһҫϢĹâٵĴ˷ɿİΧ
һڵϢǵأκһĻˡ
ʮӪڣԼʮ峡̬ԾȻΧʮڣ׷˵ڶİΧȦ
ʮ񻯸ֵϢ𲢰Χƿֲףܼĵطˡ
ɵЦ⣺ߣΡشޡ
ڣ֮ԱǣĳվŲǴҲһʱ˲ҡ
ǧһĳȥȻԶɽٵķӹ
ɫ룡
̤һسٶȻΪһ¡һɽͷӹ
ʱɽͷƽɽ׹䡣
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ǻһ£Ӱҡҷ˲ͲĽײһƺߺ¡һѪɵǧ׸߿ա
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Ʋ죺УҪõóҾ¡ɵҪõóǻ˵
ЦҲδأһХ졣
һϣȻʻһŷһĹâ˦һߣǧ׸߿յ

ǵصϢ·һѹȵúҪͣ١
һâд䣬Լ׹䣬絼ܼâ绨ꡣ
䣡ΧСɽͷϣԱһâ£ҵľӰȻɽۣ˵ظΧ
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ƮƮģƲƶˣ޴ӷƾĿֲٶơֲ־֮£Ȼһرƶһ
״ɫ䣬һ־һƺߣ˲һӣĺɫϯ
һȻϢĺ·һö˵ͶȥһӴ˲ڣһ׸ߵɽڿֲ֮£ȻȻһĻ
ҡĿɿڴƽشܶȽϿư
ͷĴӱɽһԾٶȼ˲һ̤סһһ׹ľʯһתߵ㡣
κΰһȥţ˵ʲôҲ޷ǧܻϡ
ɵ۵ĿȥؿߣΣ
Ƿһ̾£˵ô࣬Ϊβɴදִһأ
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ЦĿ⣬һЦһһ٣£ûһ᲻еڶɵ۵Ŀ⽩ס
΢Цǧܣᣬߣ᲻ֵĸۣ
£֪ҲµģԲԡ
ˣ֮ģ᲻еĸۣ
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죬Цݽ˲˺£Ȼ㴵ˣ
ôҲһӡܴܲĸۣҾͲ֪ˡҲţһ¡
Уһ޹ȻָͷڣһĿڣ


462 սǺͣ۷
˿˿꣬ƽɪ֮
̣Ⱥɽ֮ȽȽ֮ȥĸһ¡
۵Ŀһĳ
һ޳Ӱ·леǴӻ߳һ㣬շʣҲĳƮϢ
һСһаҡҷĲӰס
޳ˡٶȲȾȴֻһһӰͥŲȻ
ָϸţŮ˵ֻҪỹҪÿȴĻָ
ˢ˺էȻָһһڣȻȵΪʮˣ˲û˵ĶĤ
һɽͷϵɫ䣬ٴеȻգХ죬Ȼ¡һ»ɳȥŵµɽͷҡҷ𶯣·ľһʯ
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ɵĿ̣ۺͶݣϸĶһȻһ㣡
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ڴϲһʣһޱٵĴºš
ǱǻΪصľ伲࣬һƣҲӮһţһĵš
ȱһдȱĳĺˣ֮ǰһˮ׼ϸߵĳ֡񻯸֣ȴһ
һЦº͵ĿⶨϣĿͶɵϣºͺϾȻǢ
̣ĳɽͷϵشɵۣһ־ۣ
ȻǷڶǰ˭ΪУͳˡյĿӣǺˣ˭ȥǾǻˡǵˣһǷҪ
ɵأЦԱԸţȴЦһôÿı顣
һǧܣһһ֮̿־ۣһƺҲٵľƺ߰ʰ޵µˡ
ʱҲ꣬Ȼۣܳܶ඼Ǳ̬
пһЦɵۣ£ΣҪΪʲô˵߾Ǵ̼أ֪¸ɳǴ̼ˡ
ɵɫ΢΢࣬ƻɢԵ˽һ¡
صĿ⣬ƺһ𰸡ۣ߰ʮڣҲûߺ覡

崺΢Ц£֪ʲôƾǵǲܻǣɱҺ覣
Ҳе죬ѡɹҪٴۣۣʮڣмܻ
һ룿°ͣƺȤĲ²⣺ţ룬Լ֪ͨˡһ׼㲡Ҫ
ɵ۵ɫأ߼һȺƣλᡣţƵȸǿһˮ
ѻȸУΨ٩٩˵عĵף£ִ̫ˣȻ͸һĿȻġ
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̾˿ʹļ׵˵ֲֲֲġ£˵ǲԸ
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ҲΪϣ뷢ţ˵Ǻһ֮ࡣüȻ֮ɫɼʱضһͺ
ǧܵһͷһܣɴϷҰҪʹҲض˵
Ҳ˵ҰϢȻƾϢͷţ͸˵ĸӦһöըųĳϯ˷ǵϢ֮ǿʱ͵ٶʧɫ
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ǧܣҰȻĴۣ־㾣Ҳв־۵Ŀս
ĪҪ˵ɵۣ۵ȵҲǽء
ɴ˷ߴ۾ףв־۰ˡҪǽĲ˵
֪һʲôҰȷûʲôɼǧܣԼ˺ȻǶ濪Ƭίʵʤϡ
ǳһЦɱβͬǰˣ粨ǱɾɽΣҰ覵Ĳݶ§һȫ˵İա
ߺʹʲôϵֻҲˡƾһ㣬ûյĻԶ
ĴۺĴսݵĺһˡĺ覴һʼ;ˣֱʱе˼顣
ܴ򡣡
ֿ֧սԼҰ֮˲͸ıɵۣ
ɵüĿĵɨߡ˭֪᲻е۳֣Ĳܿս
ɵһЩˣɵһǹӺ鵱УԴУŭͱѹֵӷ״̬
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ɹˡ΢Ц΢΢Ƿ£˽̸һ̸
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Ŀ֮£ʩʩȻɵһ֪һ̤ɽС
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ָͷһӣһƬɹҶƳƬ£߸ҪϢҲҪʱ䡣δ굱УƽǷϸԵ档
ѡɵۻͿǡ
߼ȻսɱҲ߸ԶƴĹƣܶƴɵɵ˵ڰ֣سղ
߲ʲôǶġȻߣҲǰ򲻻֡⣬Ҳ֪
캩һЦָĳЩɵ۲һѱˣѹŭ⵭սҴܶԱƽսΡ
Ʋ죬Σ꣺սô鷳ֻҪһ۾ԲƽսֻҪɱҾˡ
ɵɫһײ߿ĵҲֱԣֻҪб»ϵƣսȻûˡ
ֱ̫ӣɵڸɫûˣĿ¶⣺Ŷʦô룬ƺսƺҲֻʦܰ쵽
Ϊûʦ߷һ䣬̵һ˿©ͲƲİ˵˼·
ʵսһһỳʦƷ⣬κν͡
߻ͷ°ʾ⣺ʦǣΪлɱ𣿡ɵ۳ĬĴۻ񣬳˺ѡ
ȻЦЦ£ȻõҲֻаȾܵķˡ
ɵɫ֮࣬޵ģ긴һ꿿ܡ


463 ѰΨһ취
ǲ붯ǲܶ
ɵ֪Ҳ֪ǱŶ˵츳ܣ˳ôһ˵
еǱ긴һĻܡһεһ֮ҲǶʱֲġ
Ҫ޵ģʵֺαҪ˱ҡڳȥ΢˽ðϻҲڻ¡
ûĵֱӾõ
ϴǣ豦ģСѾͷҲһ׵ǳʧȥʧȥ֡
¼ȡȽƵۣ죬ȵȡȻ󣬲»ָ;
ԣһĳƵ۵ˣȾҪŪôһʧȥĵڸ˵˽صģǶǵͬı
ɵŭۣסŭ⣺޹ĵĲ⣬˵βŻޡ
ߺȻҲӣȻ㡣
ɵ۾ԲŵĿͶ߰ظĵ죺ģһԾŶݵʹɵˣöô޳ܣŸԳһԾŶ
˵˵˼Ȼš߸пˣþûֺƭɵˡû취ݵλҸˣ治ʲôɵơ
΢߹ϵ㲻ңܸŵùʦɡ
ɵɫףǧɫȻͷɵ˼ΣŵùۣŲ㣬Ҫı֤
߰ߣˣʲôèƷˡ߲ᱼʤɿƣҪ֪۲һãǾĺġ
ɵĿߺȻʹЦ㲻֪Щ֪Ϊ߻ôۡ
ɫãɫʦǧҲ˵ȻȻͷţİһγһĵط
һ˼һվһСʯϱߣֱɵۣҪһЩͣǲ⣬ô
¶ݣɭȻ㲻Ϊɱ񡣡
ɵһ·Ӳץסߵɣؿߣ𺳾׵ظɱ񣡡
ⱾܣΪС߻ɵ˵ǧü֪ӽթˣһ㣬ȴҲɫ
ܶ˶ΪǧԽսԽǿǣǻʵۣ֪ⱾǲܵġǿĹҲҵס
µҲطϡʦһģеǧˡԼ̳ۣȽף˵Ƿʣ˵ǽ¶ĳЩࡣ
ɵɫȻָ㣬۵ļһܶࡣԣɴȱ۷ۣǮе̡
Ҳûɺܶණƾӵۼһ㣬㹻ˡЦüһ˿⡣
ɵ۲ϣҲϣһһ̬ȣһھв򣬵۵ļȻϴ󡣡
˵ͷ߳Ծͷǧ沢Ľصͷϡ
ȤȤˡԭͻۣ°ͣ۳ζЦˡô˵ܶ϶һ
Ȥءߴķ磬ûɵĳЩҲȤҲֵֵ̽Ķ

˿΢磬ˬϮ
ߴ˼аγЦЦ˵ƺڻޡɻ̫󣬻ʲôط
û˵ȥɵȻף
Ҳһ˵ǧܻȻĵ缱ת뵽ף۵ϰ취취ӵİ취ƺֱЧ
Ҳû뵽֮ǰѹͲ֪ǰɵ۵ǱͽܣӲ֪һνĺӣ֪ʲô
߶ǽŴɵۿ׳ء
ɵۼĬĿƮԶɽɱ񡭡˵ĹŹ֣ҲϣǴһϱһ̬ȡ
񣿡ɵʧȼһЩ˵ζĻ档
ǧܿӣһɫʾʾҪ
ɽһǧˣǻʵ۶ʮˡɱ϶ˣǲһҲδؾ֪֪Ҳδظҿ϶
⣬мǧ˭ţǾԲŵġԣڴ˵гû˻š
ɵʧʱһƺһޱشľȻףɽ뱱߸ʱƽദ๥
δ֣ӺپǷЭ顣
ɵ֮էȻ΢Ц䣺Эڲ֮Զֹ
ɵۿǧܣԼһЩ񼣬ԼһЩ˵ζǧܲͣɵ׻˼꣬ģϷҲ뿴˻ڳʲôĿġ
û֮ǰǧܵʱֵġ
˻⣬˵ǿʷƺҲʲô⡣˻ʳ϶ĿģŪס
áɵЦˣ֣Լɣ
֣ΪģɫԼɣ
ɵ۵ɫʱҲɱ
ǧ۲һһ񣬵ô¶йأܹҪŪ׵ġҲãҲãܹҪһ˶ϡ
˵˵ǧ޹޵ڣۣѾһˮϴѪծˡ
˻ʳ޴ս֪߻֪ջս֮⣬׵ĵû·
ɵɫһٲ˵

ߺɵ΢Ц߻ʱ˶ڰһ
ƾǧܵĴ۵۵ߴҲ̫šһܣܲͲΪɣΪ˼壬ΪδȷɵۣЧû⡣
ǣܲȻûǲ
ƽЭһ룬ڹϸڵĴУҲһЩۺִߺɵںƽһɹʶһЩҲЩС¡
ߺɵ۵ϸڴ̣Ҳˡ
ֱñڵͼһӵĵ̣δ겻Ȼ󣬸̸Ļ̸£ˡ
ɵЭ飬ҪǾ๥Ҳ̤Էĵ̡߸֤ͱţɱֻ֤ԶϷûҰģֻҪͨ
Ҳ˾ôɺɵпռ챦Ϊβʳʵϣ⵹ƵսڵС
ʵ˵ģɸ䵥𣿲ţ棬Ҳµ뾳
۶ɳȥɵ۶õɾˣɴһԴײˡ
ɵöЭϸڣҲˡ˴αܰۡ
֮ǰȥռһˡǧܵĺȻ٣һûռҸųʺƺҲ̫⵱̵ˣʦڡ
һ棬Ҳֵֻˡ
ˮû߹ˮҪװˣƻװϺüꡣ
û취߾ϪĶӣʦġӡƾһϵɵ۾ΣҲȼɵ֣ƾˮҸɵ£źʦ


464 һƣơ
Ȼɵ
һһԲɫ졣
ǰңէȻһǿյ档Ȼϸıע⣬·ԼӰ֡
۶ƶˣϤҲɱӿҲǺͺ
ߴüģɨӣܲڰеĸ֣ȴҲΪЦЦν̸޷ǾƾĴۣɵۣʹɵ۲ò͡
ɵ۲ģҲġԣɵһֱĵĵȴ߳©ĵȴ۲ߵĻᡣ
ҲǻûڣʱǰͻƵʱΪβ֣ߺȻƾʦܻ࣬ɱߵĻ˺ܶܶࡣ
ɵɫһһĺ̸߽ʲô֪Ҳղһ·϶ĵȴɱԷĻᡣ
ۺûӰˣ·ӰӴ;Ʈɵû߻ᣬƶˣԣϿƱװʵȻֵľۡ
ߺɵһ·ϣһ̸һɢãûɵκε
߬һѺɵ۵Ŀ⿴ȥӣƺһ´ƺֻҪһ־ССϵߡ
ĳλ˵̫࣬Ǿ͵û
ɵҲŭŵ·ڣôһûз
ʲôЦصʲôǿ۸ˡ
һ΢Цһһ˿ɱⶼ¶˴ЦУٲȻ˰ѣЦصǿ۸
תһɽ
̧ͷǰߺȻǽӪ峡½عٵĹؿˡⲻǵһؿϡܿٵĸɫߣԼձڹؿǰߡ
ˣûˡЦº͵Ц⣬ĵź
һĨʧʧ۵һɵݼɷչ˹ӰߣǶٻе࣬ʱей¶ʵ
ǷȭЦ£ˡ
ɵȻǰȱһûѹϾõһ仰緢
£áƽָָͣɵָָۣԸ۾
δ䣬ɵɫࡣһֵƣֻ⡣
һƣܶ˼Ҳ˵ڿǣҲ˵߸ῴסɡ
ֻ˵ơ
˼Ҳֻɵ۲ס

ؿǰвٰգҲвߡ
迨ǽӪգһЩڵȴУʧģ𽥹벻
Ӫ˲𰡣Ӫʹ󰡡ܲܲ·˰ɡ
ֹУ˸·мĳЩҵˣҲһԱһͼ֡
һᣬȺƷӵˣһӹؿǴƾʲôҪס
߽ȻһЦһգ̤ɺʯڣŲ׸߿ա
𣡡ȺĿɿڴȻˣô
ߡһâƶ˻£һסֵ꣬ת˲ƶʧȻһתۣâ׷ȥ
Ⱥߴľڣǲ̫ˣεѣȻѿڣۣôۣ
һ޲Ϊܡ
⻹û꣬һߣɵ߽ؿΡȻԵɽԾȻʮ׷ɵҡ
ȻĿ֮£ƶһλâɵߡ
ҵ졭ؿǰҡҡ׹ҪŷˣǰۣȻðۡ
ĪĩˣƤһҸĲһʹȥ
¡豦Ȼʡ
ɵʾⲻ˵Ī˵ˡлᣬѵ᲻ɱߣ
ƽ͵̸߽ڲɱߣ̫ߣҲߡɣɱߣҲһҪﵽĿġ
˽˶Թǹ棬˻ʰҵ߶ǱҪĶߵһδעֻһܻ
ƾǰߵһ̣עˡ
˵öԣǰһ̣ߵΣվڵǰǻߵΣվڽ
һЦƳһ豦£Ҫս꣬дͼı
Ǽʶģ޲ΪȻһģûô£Խթȥ
ʲôͼı͵ǱŲʵϵķʡ
ǾԳɲ۵ģۣƾʲôԸδ˻ʣǣûΪսΪΪ
ΪΪǻΪ˱߸
ڱ߸һʶЦ
豦Ŀɨӣ䣺СƣǰƵǨΪͳˡ
ɵɫΡȻתʱ󳷿ĪҪ̫ˡ
һ٣ȻҪоԸᡣ֮£ж۱£Բй¶
豦͹һʳΪβһȻֹߺʹǲҲܺġ
ûڰͱӣǴ˵ˡƾĴۣһᣬǾۡ
֮ǰû֪۵ȻһǡʱͱһӣǴɻжôˣ˭ó
ֵ˵ɵɫðΣ߰ɣ֮µΪֹĪҪᡣ
սǶ˫кô¡
ɵһˣȻɱߣǾͶҪԺˡսЭ飬Ҳ˵жٺôԴɵĺôǰ϶ġ
ƽƽı߸һսۣʱƾ΢ĵһԾγɶƴɵľ档
ҪôսҪôսɱѡ

ɾɵ۵ؿųеİգԼ¶ο
ɫвһȻ֮ɫɵ۲һȻȥ
ǣ¡
ܿ죬͵ͬһһ൱Ҫĵط
죬Լǽһ־֮Ҫ⼸ܼȡڵ
վǰɵۺȻߵĿտУһ£ȴṳ̂С
գϸϸ˿ϣ⡣ɵۻңȻǸ񣿡
ǰ磬ҡҡͷҲǣҲǣʵҲֻ֪֪ôһ˰ˡ
ǸˣǴʲôӰ죿ɵۺȻٳڵ⣬˴㵡
ԤϡһᣬһĴ𰸡
ţɵһԲ˫֣ǰⲽɫ㣬
ݺȻʲô̧ͷѿڣ£˼ǣ
ɵûлش𣬼ⲽٶȲ죬һƽȵƵʡòŵǧܵ˻ɱ񡣡𺳡
ɵûûа취Ǹˡ
£α̫ġڲסĵ׵𾪣£Ī룿ΪˣҴɲнʱա
㲻ɵû˵еܲҪս꣬Բ޵ķʸһԵʡֲûҲ벻ͨΪδ˻ʣʲôΪһ߸е
˻ʣҲ꣬Ҳ꣬ʮ꣬һ֡ʮڣܳΪ𣿾޿ܡ
òģƫƫһֱܵĲ
룺û취磬ÿһֻһ֧ҲûǣֻǽǢ̫ˣҡ
ҪôֻǣҪôֻܿ
ɵۼĬͷ죬ĨһĨһֵˮˣͲԶˡ
죬ֻɪɪꡣ죬ȴбѩ


465 С
ΣƼɾڵڣԼۡ
Ǵһˣ֪˭飬ɴʹһۣҲԵ֡
ںֻһ֮һҲǵԴһ顣ܿ죬˵ߣ꣬һϻ˵ζ
ߣ粨֮ǰǾԵС䡣ʱգȻǴ޵ĳˡ
˵֮ս춨λĴ֮սȶλ
Ȼ߲Ŷû֪ԵʣٶȻһĿ졣
пȻġĪ˵߲ŶʮͷʮһҲֻ쵶ָȼ˱Ͽɡ
һǴӶʮ֮ǰ֮ȻʮʱʼȻʮ£̤С
ʮģСһ㣬ҲʮаǹȣҪôʮҪôʮ
һ񻯣Ϊ𣬾ͿʼһΪڣЩŵı̬űΪǳ֡Ϊ񻯾磬¹жܴ򣬻ᱻˡ
ǿһЩʮųųΪ֡
ͲʮͷȻѾˣѾΪǾˡԿ
Ϊһ˺ôʮܿʼʮܳΪ޵мͺСۺͰꡣ
ʮҵ𣬾ô󣬶ٻôšʮµһֻһ˱Ϊǳ֣ҲΨһһ
ʮ£Ψһܻܲڣҹڵģֻһߡ
˶Ϊһ˻ӵʮδڡ˭ֱ֪Ӻֱײ룬ҼУֱ׷ҪС۵Ȳˡ
ζ治ܡ
ϸϸĴĦ˲Լ֣ߣһҲѹִɽ˵ʲôҲûҶ֡
һġ˼顣ҡͷʮڣھҲһҫ۶ĿĴڣҲͷۡ
ͷƾܾ˵Ĵ򷨣˭Ҫɵ֡
էܾˣʵˣ߲ˣô˭ġ໹мܣЩƵļֱܼ
ߵܹ࣬ܣȥСͷۡ⻹ǲ֪˫࣬һ߽⣬ࡣ
ȻǾͲͷۣǱ
֣ϲˮҡҲ֪˭Ľһ䡣
ʦ΢΢鶯Ҫޱ飬ȴй¶һ˿ʵĻϲˮˮҡ˺Цʦķǣ˭ֲ֪ء
ؼǣʦ͵ô̬Ȼɵô롣

©֮ɳ˰֮ĳںȻͳðһ䡣
˺ȻЦˣƾ֮ǰ࣬߾ĴڣҹϾ񣬸ʦࡣ
ϲ©֮ɳͱ˰֮ļĬĬһĸǰŵ߬һѺǷԶߣҲƺ޶ٱʤա
©֮ɳͱ˰֮Ǹ࣬Ҳӵ顣
ߣôǸ˲ˡĳЩĿ˸룬߸ߣȻĿ˸Ҳ֪ʲô
ʦǷһЦ߸δѾˣҲû׼Ķˡ
ˮܴ㹳δؾһڴϡ
ɣδزΪһɡ¶һĨս⣬ҡͷ๻ǿˣΪʱĶ֡д֮ģʱȥ
ɣһ˫˫Ƿ켫ˣҲľ޵һ֡
Ҳģ壬ߵģٷ֮پǷɡ
ЦߣСɡڣһһʺΪʲôɴССɣ
Сֶ֮ߣһСĳߵڶš
ڵĽ̸һߵģǵĽ̸Ƿһߡ
лУһĵáȻ˵ߵʱһۺȻᣬҼǵͼǧн顣
ǳڵ׵ͷһЩ顣
ķٵȼĿһ٣ƺйʶû˵⡣

СѾͷͺһԲ֪Ƿһļ𺳣ƽһֱ൱㱵״̬
ߺɵ۵Ľ̸Уͷβ˸δţҲûš
ƱࡣĻ֡СѾͷǲ幫ǲҲǲ
С
ÿһţͺذըﲻ֪룬Ī
һֱ̤Ϸصĵ·ĲŴӻج״̬תȻʵߣΪʲô
ץͷƤ֪˼ͣҵǲ⣬ǽ⡣Ŭ죬εҪ˻ʳ
һֹһͳһҪ˻ʳ˵ǲ߯ìܣɼǧ˻ôô㡣ţڳԳû¸ɵ
ҲûŪɼ۰ɽβҲ룬˲ɡʱҪǶۣǾͻᷢ˭˵׼Ӧ
죬߽ͣǲܴǾ͸ɴ໻һȽȭ˼·ĹﱻһʥʿϢһ仰ˡ
ߵ˼ܺʹɸһܾáǧǲϣǾͲһ˼·跨ҵԸĵط˳Ūô
ϸҵãʱսȿսĺô󡣡ߺٺֱЦع¶һֽ䱸֮ɫЦ̫ĳˡ
߸ȥһ椶˵Ԫɱʱ򣬴û׼Ҳ룡عŲţ϶ڴţôɱأ񱾾ǴɵĿɽء
ߺȻЦͣ˻ܲܽϱ߻һʺǻ治˵
ʱҲûμɱ񣬿ɼ굱δزῼǣһ˻ʣǾͲ˵ˡ
ܱ˻ʵľջڽҲǹɲ˻ʣҲ˻ȥһ
첻ɱɵۣʵȽϷ棬߻ˮĺô
һɱۣսڼ亴߸һ仰ǧܵҪֹһͳҪ˻ʳ֣δҲֻпߺͱ߸ˡ
û⣬ڣӦþôһƱƴ֣˵е˫˭˳ֱۣӹŷۣ
һ룬߾̲סüЦ
ձ˰֣֮˶֪ɵۡһӽʽ֮ƺܶ˶ƴĶˡ
ڼǧܵȥս֮ǰۻΪΪսıɡ
һ׮شĺôһ̵ģˬѡ
ţչñȽڡ
ս꣬Ǳ߸ٷչĻƽʱڡҲǱս飬ԼսĻƽʱڡ
˱ͻսʦϵ׿ӡ֤ǰ˵˼·
󣬴һºͱ߸սȴԵһ֧ƾšߺȻȤζĺۿԷǺεȱ顣
һ߸·ݣһ߿ɫ
ˣıѩǰδеҡ


466 ͺĹ̸
Ϩܾˡ
ʱʱշת죬Դϣصķշתߡ
һЩоϣ֮ȥۣһһҪ˯ĬĬһֻֻֻһ֧˰ٶֻ
һ˯ҲûУεۣڰУĿԶ컨
ˡһֱôһֵ״̬Ĳ̫˯Ҳ̫˯ʲôӦУ
ŮˡڰУĴĿдһյĻ˵ǣһŮء
ǲǱҲ֪һʮͳΪģǴԼǱֻǣҲͲϲ˼̫Ķ
˼ֻܾһܿ˼˽һûͷ
ĺãȻƵΪ֪һԵʣֻһۣЩһ۵˾Ŀ
ҲģĳЩ֪ġ
һϵһߡм䣬ѡ
һߺͱ߸һƵۺͱơΪ˵һм䣬ҪδҪرˣ
ãȻ֮УӶǰյļš겻ߣͳҲˡΪΪеϲá
ߺȻ֪ʱʦǧܣеˣҲϲ¡Ҳգ߲֪ôȴ۳ϸϵ̫ˡ
ҪǣһĹԼоδӴɻʵۣɻʵۣƺƻʵҲ͸Ӳڻ¡
߸ĵΪҲûʲôֱˡ
ްıƱ£ɵ顣ߺƵ۵ļ϶ìܡ
ƣɣۣߣ־ƣû취˳ͷ
ķ˯ˣ̨̨ͭҲױӣƵʹ͸˼ƽ𽣡
һĹ˺ܶ࣬ʲôû룬Ȼеڸ´ȥһĲ裬һ̬ҲûеĴںȥ
Ȼܿʡٵһٺȵܿʡ
ɴ౧סһںȸߵİ衣ʣĺܿʡæҵˮףҨһưˮ븹С
ʵĸоڻһ㡣촽ڴءζΪʲô²ܼ򵥵أһ򵥣Ǹжð
ΪʲôһҪӣΪʲôϰһ򵥣ΪʲôǼ򵥵ĺúͻԺʹǣס
˺ͺˣһӪ͸һΪʲôܣΪʲôȴнԶ
ڰУ۾
ȻһϤĿæ۾һĨȻŻŵسӣߣôҹˣ㻹Ϣ
վͥԺϳͲĹҹС˯ߡɫˣ̸̸ɡ
̸ͷĹֱΪô秵˵϶û
¹£˻ŵİʪһء
˼װû

㣬ûңΪβϢ
С֣һֻèҹú˯շתࡣСĻȱֻСè
ϣŭӣèȻе죬ҹһ
Ĺˣҹ񻯸˵Ĳʲô
ЦЦȻվס¶һЦֹȥ椵һ¾ˣΣмֵ⣺㣬ʲô
ĳ˵ĿҪʱסߵһ㷢оȻµ£ͷˡ
ĳһûﹻֻЦһ£⿪¡ĳ˵ʱǺ죬˫ȷɰͰͣ˵ߡʲô
߽£ϣЦһëǸĲˣңȻ˿ȥҾͳԿˡ
椶һɬѵķԼҳòִ٣Ȼֻһˡһᣬ类ü۵ĳ˿ˡ
߻ֵЦ椺ݺݵۣīˮȾ
һ׮£ĥԼҲǸˡ˯ŵӣһ£ɫұΪԸ˵ġ
˵ǲ̫ģҲԸ롣һĹȻţǼ⣬鷳ٲ˵ֻҲǲˡ
ĬģҲǿ¶һǿЦ˵ǡɫһ˵ʲôҶܳŵסļǿ
ǳȻγһĿռ䡣³һ仰Ҳ幫ĶӣҲǻʵ۵
椵Ŀ׵֪˵ϴľȻĹ⾰һٵҶ˼ҪġϴôãӦõġ
ҡˣҲ죬˵ȥ߲οЦŮˣȼǰҪˣҲˡ
գգۣãȻߴüģǣԿżɽƱ䷢ʱ֪ɣ˰Һ幫Ķӵˡ
ĹһͷûȻһָ㡱˰춼˵ġ
߸ɴֱԣһ㣬½ѡص㣬Լ渵
ĹֱӳɵˣһãźǾκˣ㣬Ȼ˼ңȻĹȥǣϴ塭
û´ϵ֪ҵĵϸɫϵ֪ҲһҪĵطϵʾ
ܲģֻˡʵۣϳ̸硭һ¡
ڿ˼˰죬һֺ벻Ҫ˵벻ȻڶҵŴʧ̬İϲ£׷Ӧ˵˵
ˣҵ
ȻϵŮӴһҶ˵ôֱˡͷۣʼ磺˵˭

ǣǡĺȻӿ̫¶һʱ벻ͨĵط˵
ߴͣ٣ûʵ۵Ρǣ㲻һǶ룬һ˻Ҫ٣Ҫʵ۵Ρ
һ̽ӣеҪ٣Ҫʵ۵ΣܽӽʵۣαװԼ
ǵڱ߾ץסҵһһҾ֪˳ˡ
˼ˣǣҵ㣬ץס㡣
εĴôէƺãʵжӰأĺȻסǰʵۺܳ谮ߣϵߣ˵ʱ᧿ΣΣȴʵûʧ
һģ֪Σ£ţΣʵȦӣ
ұץ֮Ϊ˭ų̻źţʦҵģ߷һ䡣
û´ʱڷؾǵ·ϣǣҹǱ뾩Ƿųźţǧܲų־ߡ
мǧ֣ܵʲôΣգ
ǣҵΪʲôû˵Ĺ󼱣ڶΪʲôĳף
ŮӴôӣҪҲ˵ߺݺݵҪǼʵھշתҲ˵
ֻܷԣ뷴ԡ


467 ߸ںδ
죬ƣ峿һĿˡ
һһװ߳ң֪ǷǱʶΪҵһ¿ʼһװͷܺá
ںߺһ£ɵҵ¡
һЦЦӼǰ߽ѵҲǴҪˡĴʮҪġ
һãһӪͬΪ߸ЧһҪʮﻯһιڡ
·ΰƽϴ;¶һӵ˵ζĿЦһ𣿡
һ𡣡˻һЦ
ΰǮϴƽƽһȭл֣ˡ֮սһֻºͷһˡ
һæҡͷؿ˵˼Ǯϴƽ˼ԾѣҲԿЦ
һͶЧ߸ˣΰƽҲôˡӽûΰƽˡ
ڶ̶У½߽⣬ǱǱձࡣʱֻʣ±߸ˡ
߸ӪۼʹصԾĶп
ԾͶЧģȴǵһͶЧģҲ˱߸еλߵ֮һԾǱˣҲΪ˱ڱ߸Ĵ
ԾǲǺܴ˵۹ԶƺҲһһˡ
ص½٣ƼڴӪĴԺȴԴһ˽˵˷ʱüɫ衣
һĿһչȥʮﻯ˹ڡȻǰȥżʾǮϴƽԻȻɲһĻᡣ
ʱȥˣĻˣٲ룬Ǿעᱻ߸ԶԶġ
һ룬ϵ汾ڣûһֵĵֿˡ
صûзһ˵ļ뻰⣬ȴһᣬ˵˺ʹ󶼶ˡ
ߺ覣ԼȻԵõ½ӽֽǹ
Ѵһĸ·Աæǰ߲һ٣Ȱ벽еˣصȶһٶİ
Ȥ߰Ժľ۵ף°ͿһЦ뱱߸Ȼɷ̫ӣ߻Ӱ
غͶ֮Ϊ׵һǰùԱһߡҲĻ⣬˭ܷϣ˴ߡ
ۢ򣬷ԶԼԼսǰĺأһԱһЧҵ覡
ԾԼͶЧһΪ׵ģǴ˵һʮǱ֮һʵԾȶʮߵˡ
էȻһƺֻʵ˶ܲڴ֮⻹һԱơ
ãǱԼջӪ׿ΪףԼõˡǲɽˮһԱƣߣǣҲԱƵ
Ȼ·ʵĿǰԶԶ̸ʲôϵӴصȳһȣܿݺ·ȻĨȥģⲻӰ죬ҲԶԶڲʱ
δɹ˭ûϵ˼
ۢȳէʱΪǰĹԱйϵ˼һǱܣһ߰覵ɿܣһΪȨ
ۢһʶӱʾˣҲ͹ϵͣˡ
˵ˣ߸˭⣬ΨߣǾͶȻɲ¡

һһ
߶Ȼûвε˼߸߻ʲôģûϵʲôģû⡣
û˱ף߸ӵע߻ӡûȱ߸Զչʮ꣬첻㣬ȻֻдԱȻ߻ӡ
ϵû塣ߺȻ˭ڱ߸ϵעҪʧܣΪ߸ĳԱɻӵĸӡ
֮սʱڴһսΪǿ֮һû⣬δ꣬϶кܶǰͶЧ
߸ǿͶЧ˾Խࡣ
Ӫ֣֣߸Ҳвֿ֣ġ
߸첻㣬ȱ񻯸֣ԣǱ߸µ񻯸֣ǷԶԾȣбְȴҲͬʱӪǲ
ҵȹ˳֮Ӫõ൱䡣źǣΪֹҹһ⣬Ӫ٣Ȼûڡ
δУһսǲȱȱµ񻯸֣Ʃں
֪ӪĿǰܼҲֻʮԼһڡ
û룬Ҳû˵ð뱱߸ƻû죬͵ñһͨСˣעܲԼġ
ñȴɡΪӦ˻پڣڸɵϤɵ۵ǲоԲʿҲҰ񻯸֡
һ˵ĽߣǲµġǿˣɱȻ˼һͷ
ڽУһߺ˼룬һ߻Ҷǵһֱս㱨Żع
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ʮʮдǹ¾ԼֵĺӶս˵һᣬ覿ߣεͷ
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Զȴ㵣Ȼ󿺷ܲѡ¾ǰʿԸЧҳһЩʿļ˸Ǳ߸ƽˡ
ձҵ˽֮󣬼ϱ߾ԭеľӣװΪһһľ񡣼Ը˳սǾдԼ߰ˡ
Σ֮ս󣬱߸ĵһȫ顣
սӰ죬ѸڲӰ죬ҲǼΪ޴ġڱһ㣬ûҪ̫ˣٱ߸Ա˳ֵġ
񲿺սвҪ㱨Ķ֮ûǮûҪţʲôطŵȵȡ
ʱ覿һۣϵձ²ѵһꡣһԺپǷšҪԼսһóֵս׼
ߺƽ֪ߵ˼ˡ
ǮʳԼװȵ̫ȱˡ̲סһ䡣
ܿͻˡƶ˵һ걸սһ󱱲߸Ҫ߱פ嵽ݵ
֣ͬҲԴСͬƴԼǧ˿ڣʮʡɴԼһڶ˿ڣ൱ƣȴֻʮʡ
ݸ嵽ǴԼ˿ڣһƺе̫ˡʵһǡôŽ࣬߸ǰԱ㹻Ա
ձսҲڱ֤㹻פ⣬ӵһҰս
ž֮ս߸ãҲš
ҲԶȶϣţҲԸĿǡ֮սκʧʮһС֡
һöĹѾãһڣͻΪԪˡʱס
۳߱󣬻Ǳ߸Լ棬ֻһԺſš
߸㣬ǱˣǮеԼʣЩĶҲһԾΪü޵Ĺؼ
ûǮûûеûʡ
Ǳ߸ҪԵġһ첻ʼ⡣
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εĻҪҲܳ
񲿺սʱ˱߸֮Ҳµöδһķչȵȡ
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һ͢ϵϵԼϵΪ֡һжôţҲܷϣһ͢еĵϵ
Ϊ鱨Ϊ˴ߣǳ˾ǿıš
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ߵֽĿǰｨãûҪҲûҪ֡
ȻΪشĵ߲ٵθһͷΣνӱ߸ȫλ˳
˾ȵһ±䶯˵˼ǡǡҪġ
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˽üЦֲɵˣ˸壬ǵöɻôôй
͹ˣαĸɻ
⣬һԵʡǾǣ߽αͳ졣

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˶˵߸бƵӰӣǱֹˣеôһˡ
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ҿ񡣡廨ΪȻڱ߸кܶҥԡ˵Ǳƹ߹ͼıһͳޣҲ˵ʵΪ
һᣬ糾͵;ĳӣǺܶʳһԱƵԼӴʳеȵȡ
һģƺƭԵƮƺ䡣Ȼⲻ˶Ŀʵ˭֪ǱƳ͢߸ľеʳ
˵߸ǱƵĿܡս֮˵ȫɱ
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Ϊ˵Ҳ֮սû˸һµҥԣΪû׼˻ʡ
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ǹͷĿһ廨쿴ȥǹָ±ߣ٣ǰ׸ҼʱƺˣΪλ
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Ǳ߸齨ʱ䲻ã֮սҲ˵ùȥ
ټǰˣǲģκƵ۵˼һѣҲδûӰ˼ֲŮֻһˡ
һҲϰ佡廹ǱȽϽȻ糾ͣȴҲû
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ĵĬĬһ£Ծһ񣬿ȵй̺ͻõŮhɫӵ̾
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ҡο֣й̣hͳ졣
й̺hһһãγԱȡhһʮŮ򣬺Ķߣߣѿ
ͷһӿͷһһףƲˣһ䣬޹ġ
Ϊŵԣ˵ǺͰдһͬŵĲգһ١ûȱ첲ȣý鹻ˡ

ʾºܺõİ٣ԼԱƵԱ
ƾٵʾߵǷģ߾ͷĵ١Σٱƽʱյĸǿһݹͣ˭ҲĨɱ
Ҳӱ棬ܶ˿ٵĹ͡ʵûٴǿҷԣֻƵۺͻìܾͲôʼô
һȤͷ
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ˣ佫ᱻӣĹһֻɡ𡱡˵ˣδؾûйԱ⣬ҲĲ̫ŵùǰӱԱͰ
˵ѻһڣƵȽಢаЧʡ
ߺԼԱ߸Ҫδ꣬Ҫӵвʡĵ̣Լǧ˿ڡһĸ·Աࡣ
ҲҪһɾЧʵĹԱñԱලһȽϿ׵İ취
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ǻĹ⾰ƵĴС
ÿǱźд裬ҪдĺȻǲ©֮ɳ˰֮
߹ư֮꣬ǰһһȻѧ©֮ɳͱ˰֮Ȿ˼ҵɲǡ
Ҳͷ
˼ƲôлƯȭȴֻĿȫǽʲô
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469 ꣬꣬

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ֱǱ̬ġ̾˿ָⵯ˵һ˺գɲһѤõĽգ·ѵذжݻ٣˺ˡ
ãϲôЦıһѪ˰֮
Ҫ߳˵壬˵ġ
ɫᶨֻûһ̣ķȻˡеĹԶǣΨʣһڰ׶ɫʻ
ʵ©֮ɳͱ˰֮ʩչ赲ġûôɣɱ壬ܰѲ©֮ɳշ磬˰֮һ򣬿Ʋס
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ƺߣһѪ쭳ɫ԰ȴϲõĴЦѣ·ʲô
߸ϽǰѰ걻еֻɫ
ΪĽ֮ȫУܵĳķ·Ϥʲô͵˽м˵ζ
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ƲᣬȻĳУȻһᡣ
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һҪ취Ƹκá°ͣһоľܸߣֻҪȬܻܿһͻơ
ûɵţû׼һͻƵ۵ľ硣
һ˲õߡ
ǧܺȻ֣רİ꣬ƺΪⲻⲹ䣺ǳ˵ã½õļ֮һ
ڵԼǸ׵ˡ
ͬȻʦҲǻ֣

Ҳ˹ǡ
ǧܵԽв£ʺ֡츳ߣΪãʵǿδؾʺ֡
ĥҲǣƢԣƾ֪ǿ϶ῼҪʲôֻῼλܶԷ
һݸߣǧܵЩڻãϣմﵽھ硣ǲܰĵȥս
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ûҲ֪жǿ֪սһȱϡáĪҪ˵־ۣҲδܶԸ
˼ˣǧܵʱߣһǾҪȥ񡣵ʱ߾ͱҪԱˡ
򿪣һСȡһ֧ӣüĶʱһȻһ⻬ʻʣ꣬һ
ߺһԼĸоͺһ޻Ƶġ
ǧ̶ܼܵ꣬ÿһһսĽλ
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ǧܿͽܵ𾪣ҡͷΪȻʲôþȵģЩڻáˣҪˣҲΪ׼ġ
ǵͽܣûУҲûá۽̳ͽܣﵽ׵ģܲ񻯣ܲܳڣҲ˵׼
ǧܸпһ£Եá˵ģ۵ͽܲһ񻯣񻯣ҲһܳڣǳҲδܳۡ
ҪΪʲôڶͽءһͽܣ𶼳ɲˣǷǶˡ
һҲǣôڻ޵ջ񣬹Ҳ١۷Щ˷ѣҲûãԼҲǲ֪ܳİɡ
ôһ㣬ѹʹˡ߲һѺôĵر֧֣޷ﵽ֮Ǿ̫ˡ
òƼǧƺֹɣ˻ʵϣˡ
ƽ׶һЩĵرȻϲãҲе㱧ԹʦǰϣҵļϣСխһôѹΰ
ٵЦֹһͳѣ˻ʣǾ̫սˡ
ǧͷ죬βŵֻ꣡
ԣôõȻ˵ֻ꣬᲻̫ˣ

ζòãʲôζƻâʣ
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Ȼҵģ̾˿һԾݶ¡
ƣǺϮǰſԴɵķһǷŮˣĲҪ
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šʡش֪İŴع˳ѹס˼ҵС֣ȻװһСĵס˼ҵ֣ȻȣһսʤĿС
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ƾ⣬ϱڼƵ۾Ȼѱˣûһδе˸еȤ
ɵ۵ĲѵҾƵ۵Ĳ
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ԳĨһǳüתΪһٲȻתļˣ֣ǲ绹Ǽٸ·ɣȻˣ鷳
Ƽһ£ˮסͬǻٸȥ
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½ϣһװ磬ɴ˵ҲܲЩƺǾ˳ҶϹսϹսûϹսľˣȻǺֵܺġ
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֮󣬽ıƽĳء
һֱȵǰߵĳϲõཫӽٹʮǹɽˡ޲һǿҪִĿĵˡ
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ҿ绹˵ɣ¹Ϥˡ
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һּȺ䣬һĿȻʶһ鱨;Լľˡ
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471 սĽݾ
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Ūͭ죬Ҳǰ졣Ϊţʱδ
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֪Ͷ飬˽һЩʷˣԽҲõϡ
߲ǲ֪ʷĳͱġҪ嵽ĳδؼǵˣñʮһ˭֪ʮ
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°ͣĥĸƣҲܼĴս顣սʱ϶ãûʱ䣬Ҳܴͭս档
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ѻֱӣһ룿
֮ս³ĸ֣صʱ˲ΪģʮڣʮһɺӴʵһ֮սһһӵѹԵʵ
ѻü˵֮սעҰܡ
Ϭ纱ĳأ֮սĽעûսҲעΪ

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˼ʱ̤һջԺ߰ݻǰ


473 ˭˭֮
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ȱĿ⿴ҡͷҲظ֮ˣΪԽߣԽΪ¡ΪߣҾͲ۾磿
ȻǹĿҡҷĦǹ⵭ҵмȤɱ˵ʱҡɱ˻ʡս˲ӿҲʶһν˻ʣ

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һ֧һ֧ջӪһ
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ƵĵλãҲưδдսԣܴӱ߾Ĳ֮ͱϳƾӰӵ˲ࡣ
ҫҺ򻪣ǱǱ֮УȻϤƲˡԣϵò档
˷ΪսΪ߸˺ܶ࣬Ϊʲôɣ߸ľʵǸҪעĻڡΪˣǲУȻоͨµˡ
дԣ˵ѵľ٣ߴӱҪġһԣ벻١
ӪһĿơǾ߱һˣܿ߾ڲ͸¶ĳЩսԼܣ൱
һϹսһ֧½ľӻܿĳ߾ӽ֮һ첢ȷĵ·
һ֧жδкܶءУؼģǷһȷĻϣڷչв·
ʲôȷĻ
߾Ӽǰ֮ʹӱƴţɹǱȴ٣ָ߾ȫ̵ѵԼսȵȵȫ׽취
⣬ɾһɹȷĻһʼȷĵ·ϣѪĹ̡
ڴӪһһȻͨµ˵ͬһ֧Ƿǿкܶءӱ˵ǾҪӼ
Ϊս󣬺ڣɣģԼ֡
ζʿս־ɺͺڲ˵ΪսҲ˵
ҲΪȻսı֣ж٣ڵĹŴ࣬ھޣֻĺܶ࣬Ҳϸ¡
ս񣬻ΪͨᲽزԼٲУϸµĻֵܱǹȵսϣʹãʹãвͬ
ƩɣƶǿľӵУвıƣһɫɽɵĿͿٲ
̵ʱ䣬ٶȣһͻǧʵھ൱Ŀ췴ӡ
߸Ҳ齨ֿٲӣʱȽٰˡ
߾Ŀǰ࣬ҪֳֻˣҲȸСȫ
߾Ȼʮδһ󾢵У
ܶ˲ԼͬĸƵĴ𰸣ʮһӴ֣ʵ֮ʣҲ治ʲô
֪ƶȵĹϵĪ˵ɣǱҲ齨սʱͷսʱȻǲһĸ

ι˱߾Ӫ
ӱ߾ʱľòֻǱɽһǣҲԽ˿̽߾ȫòˡ
˴ӴӪ뿪ʱ޲еأĵ̻һͷ߸Ƿ£
ޣ޺ͺ޵ĸ̫һ㣬Ĵ޸Իһ˻ʡʱҲĴ˻Եķݡ
Աһһ˻ʣǴҲãǱ߸Ҳã˹Ҫһġ˭ǷǴҪġ
ĳЩǶ˵ǹսƶ޵޵˰ͲǱ߸һͳءٱ߸ȥȴɺöԸǣ
صģĵģǱ޵ġɣΪġ
޵ĸҲܾᰡϴ󣬸ɴһ˭Ǳ޵˻ʣҲһ齵ôȥ˭֪ôѡ
ʣ˻һ붼񲻽ǽͷˡ
Դ̽ߺ覸һ൱ȷĴ𸴣߸˻ʸ
һŵǾͷĴ󵨵ȥƴɣǾͲˣʲô˻ʵʸ񣬸ǾͲϡҲ
ŵеοܶࡣ
˻ʣǾûʸĴ˻ʵԡ
ʮڣ˻һ֡߳ʮڣ˫˫Ƿ켫Ȼ߸ͲܣҲûʸԡ
Ȼɵۺͼǧܼˣû֪覺ܾܿǲ
ҲûʮڳΪԿ˻ʵĴڡϣ̫ãˡ
̹һ㣬ߵΪƨ°ѵΪһ֤ͲˣҪ˸ô޳ܵĿڣ߻᲻ͶսֱӽԷľǣ
ƣ˲·ɱ˸ĸ·ء
ʮʮꡣа˰ûֹʮ˰ɡҪϣҲֻϵù
ôǧһص¶ˣǲǵùʲô
˵߾ԳʮڳΪۣҲţţҲڲ
ҲãҲã˭ƴ̣˿ڣƴĸ֮
ҲصУ߹ˡ


475 ۴
Ⱥ˵Ŀһ֡
򻪴ĳջأߣ͵̫αˣ߷Ǳˣ˾ȻʵҲ
ҫҵĳһȺϣɺ㿴ˡ
Ƕϲǿ֮һϵ֮ڱϲö䡣
޺ͱޣǾʵġޣһٹ֮ޣɡ
ӵģһֱսݵޣû˸ҶǱ˭Ӯ
ҲܸӣȻǱ붫֮ϲ֮Ȼ֮ǰдʹΪ·
ϲ˺üˣԵĹǰǿ֮£ƺͶڽΪƫƧıܱû̫ǿĶ֣Իʵ
޾Ҳʡû⣬޼ǱƣԼ˻ʸľ档
۱ƣԶǱڵĶ֣ȻûɫЦһ£תϳһԺٹһڣʱЦӭ˹ȥ
ȤȤʹ֮临ӵĹϵ廨ֻЦ
ʲôȤһȺ๴ĶǵĹٶ˵˲ؿһۡ
λߡ
һ߸ά򣬲·ˣٵָ··ǰ⡣
һ·ԼʮȻһΪڣ֪ʱڷ˴ӣϱ߻вˮģҲܵ
ڶ࣬ӵȵȣв֮ࡣ˵أ԰
һᣬ½ˣߵ˲ʩʩȻع˵ĿģԼ覵϶һ£ע⵽һԵļǧܡ
ޱ߷ĴȱȻһԣĿתǲ£ôôߣô·ֻۣ߲ơ
廨ߣǮܵõȭͷδؾͲܵõ㣬򣬻
ǰ˲ԼĻƷƷķֱ𣡡
ûǹҲ£üйؽڣֻƷƷ˾ͶˡһЦҶ롣
Ʒǿ϶Ʒģģ˭֪
޲֪ʱģҿ

ĶɣԼ͢ǹƥߣǺ
ʮϰӣܵߣҲδؾõóǧܺ͵֤ˣǶ
ӣǾǧӡڱƼ̰ܵҲֻۿŪ˴ԼǧӣⶼѾǱʷͷĴ̰ˡ
֪Сһ˰붼ûôءҪȻΪʲô˵˻һ¸ֻء
ԼĪǧ˿ڣ˰£ǧ˰룬ڶ޺ͱޣǲԣˡ
·˽һۡ
ʱû֪߻ôܿ϶߲ƷӱŰˡ
է֮£ƺ˶ǰؼط񡣹Ҳ֪ж㣬أأҪɴɡ
־ۣûоͺˡûУ߱һˡ
Īʱ˶࣬аٶ񻯸֣¶ʮڡҪ˭ûܻڰ
أأҪɴɡ
룬ɴɣĺ޲÷ôһɤӡӭϲŶнŶ
ǲμҵˣܲμºĴ齱еѻױǩһݡ
Ъ˹ôһɤӣҪȥҲûȤˡ
ߣأڣҪô죿ôһϵĹΪߵġ
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ˣˣʹļ׵ĸǧܴʦҾˡһǶˣ۾ͷǵǮ
ﲹһ䣺ȻԳսͶ£ֱΧ
椣ȾңҾˣ֮˭Ҳһؼҵ·Ѹ˭
ĬѵЦЦúˮһģʵ΢Ц
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ټʮ·ˣһ˶һƱǮʹǵǶôӴһĿ
ãʮһҪҿˡһ˶֣ǵü÷ֱ˭
鴫úʮصصͷΪʲô߻һĸεĶظ˱ǩˡ
˸ϣ˲

գ̤һС̨һͷЦλƼڴˣΪ
Ϊ֮ǰһЩ£ôġ
캩³ٵùҾڴ˳ĸƷһƷ
ʾһ£ʮＱæһƳϱ߶˾ᣬɫΪ֡ȡ֧ѾứһչȤģһ飡
ʱû˶һӷˣ˵һ˵ôۼۼΣ
ôչ˵һ䣬߻ȻԭҵڣҪ˵һۼΪʮƽ𡣡
˶ʱɧѣΪءȴˡʮƽ˵Ҳ˵Ҳˡ
ЦеĲϣ۸ֻҪ۸ҾһݸƷﲹһ䣬óۣǾͻӭ
һǺβԸȻٸһݱˣ
ΪһɫˣȻô©Ϊ̰ȡԲһİЦеǴһݵˣԶһ
ĿƷҲᡣÿһҹʱ򡣡
ڣͷҹ㹻ˡҹܲʲôҲֻ˵ҪôʱԣҪô̫ãҪôǻ̫١
ˣĪǲƷ˴һ䡣
õ˵һ䣬Цλǰɽڵɣ㣬᲻ۣ㣬ɽڱס𡣡ƿԡ
ߵĻĳЩһشѡԴɵʵסỢءҪǰᣬȵǣԸûʸס⡣
־򣬶в˰Ļ죬ҪԸϣ³
ˣӴɻʵһأ
ĳŮ˴󺰡
ۣЦУԭӪԷҾ֪ǵĻʵ۲ģڲڲҸ߾Ͳ˹һˡ
˺ȻһЦԸеȤ
̯֣̹ȻɻʵһǱˡһҴٳ۸Ʒ
ڡЦеָָǧܣǲʦȤʦһܰɡ
ǧɫһڣתȻˡ
Ƕô޳ܵͽܰ


476 ɱ˵ĺ
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ʩɫȻȡһһǸƷľչ߳۵ǲ
˶һۣϳ۵һᣬǰᣬаһ
ң߳ϣһƷһᣬǴӴģƷҲԵؿһۣġ
ѻĿһڶ࣬ϲô˵߾һȡ֣Ǿ͡Ϭеۣĵ׻Ȼ
渵ϬһԲѻ˵
ȣҪһҲͬԤϬ粻Լ˼ΪҲãҲûáδغã㡣
ߺǱУǻһЩ⣬δزݵ⡣ǽôһǾ͵ڳװˣеķ򡣡
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ʩ޲ãͲԼֱӼӵ߶˳ܲߺˡ
һеǻ˵ǻһˡϴ֮սѪҲȡˣ֤ˣǲһԼˣǵˡ
ϬΣִ̫٣ʲôıڶɫƣ˵ˣߺѣִ֮£Ǽܡ
һɫ㲻׼ƣҪʲô
ϬɫһͣЦһҲȫް취ǵİ취֮⣬һ취Ƽǵĸֺܶ࣬в°񻯸֣ɡڣвۡ
۲Ⱦָǲ䵥ҲûҪΪһƷ
ѻĮ˵Щˣô˵İ취
˵Ϭ֯˼õδظҶҲδرסֻһŻЩ˶̧֣߳ͷ³һ֡
ң
һҪǲŻŸҳҳ֡
ʩ޺ѻȻ࿴һۣͷѻüʲô취ңǲܹȻ¶ġ
а취ġϬ絭ЦɣҺͳ͢Ϊ߲ۣо߱ʱͶսս
ɵме׵ˣǰģȫЩкܶǵǹƥĽߡ
һκ˵̰Ϭ˹ĵҡͷЦֻҪԼһһͷңɵһҳ֡
ð취ʩ޵ȼ۾һһѻ
ѻɱϬϣ΢΢ͷɽϬȻеЦˣвõĸо
ϴڴɣĴۣϵȻɷϢ֪һ˺١˶ֻ֪ǧܺ͵ᡣ
߼ǧܺ͵ᣬ߾סˣЩ˾еˡһôܶ࣬Ҳ֪;ڲǡ
ȥִеɽΪɱߣһҲɱ㡣
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ѻȻһЦ貾ףûɵϬеĺ߶ûɱ⣬Ǿ˵粨УߺˣҲ˵޵ľݵ㱻ƣй¶ģ
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ѻɱ⣬ܵõǸΡ
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ǲ¡Ȼβʩ޵ۣԼڡ
Ϭ紹װΣ̧ͷֱѻһվǿŮӡ˰һ³ԭ㣡
һһŮˣһѻˡ

ĳۺ˳
̶һĹ򣬾ʮ·ǰʾԸ⻨Ǯˡ
Ǯʣ߸ѡʵٺ۶ʹʱһҲΪηųĻǰƽˡ
ĳЩʣһһֽû⣬߻ỨǮʣµĶ
˹ϣҲԥ׼£û׼Ҳ˵
Цһ䣺ƷģҲܻǮһβƷĻᣬÿÿδμ۸ƽ𡣡
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û֪жٲЧǶ˭ġܣܰͻƾ磬Ҳ֪ġ
һǮһѣ˭ϸɡôһһǾǶһԱ
Ī˵ǴԷҲϵǰһݸƷ
ɣ͢ȱһǮȥһԪͻΪϾǾֵˡȻЩ߲Ľ
ҵЩûǮߣʲô취ǹǡôķˡ
һǹϴϡЦУƶǹ˵ʵǶЩܵ񻯸˵Ǻ˵ֻҪ߸꣬Ҹһݡһȥ
ȻЩܵ񻯸еվסˡ
ߵĴǺܽܿˡЧЧҡ֮࣬׼淴̬дʣõġ
ȱȻһЦϣʵֻҪӦս˺޹߸ʲô
ȱǹУƻûôһ䡣߶һᣬЦϴӦɽ
ȱӦˣ˻жҪǵģ׷ױʾߵǲܽܣġޣǻҪһ¡
ܿӻԾĹ
Ҳд˸еЦãܰȱﵱƷҲʵǰδС
ɱɱ
һɤţʹļףߣΪν߸߹Ƿһֱ
ڶŭĿӣۣȻЦȻ㣬εĵɫ澪֮棬㼸ʱòˣ
ȺƳˮһֿϬͶпȻֵĿ⣬е亹ֱ¡
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ЦЦϬüһͻȻҲЦˣҶˣҪɱҲΡ˭ȴûʲôΪ
ˡ߻ȻЦԭԭǱġ
ţһ롣ϲΣǽ֮£ҪġǾġ
ǲϲᣬûʲôرޣ㡣
İЦˣ᲻ˡ
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Ҳᣬȥ°ͼЦһ롣ţ᲻һˣûôϹɡ
ţˣʲôˣߺ档
ϬˣΪһźһ̱񶾵ء
ǣ߿һЦǾϷǸŵ椶ˡϬֱӺˣֲɫߡ
Ǿǣˡĥһᣬҳɱ㣿ߣȥ
ٲȻʼ̯֣ٲȻʦɽ
ߺٺգգۣģҺȻãɱô£ǵҳ緹ϱ̽֡ȻȥɣпԴҿһԣȥɡ
̫ˡعסЦ⣬覸ɴЦˡ
Ϭεķһ̾Ϣ̫ƻ̫ˡ˼Ȼͷһ˿˵ٶ࣬ʵǻֵġ
߰üģһ̾Ϣһ٣˳˵һ䣬ĺ㡣
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췢һʮļХˣ
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ת۶ȥһ绮ն˿ЩһĻĻɰԷѽ⣬⾿һأ
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߷ǰٶȣҲǺͶгƽһŶУ겻ȻǹԪˣܲ
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ʵ仰Ӧ÷㡣ߵһХ׹£ЦƳֺοء߲ܣȴ˵˵Ŀɱء
Ϭɫ΢䣺ʲô˼

أڵһϰգһɽ׷
᲻֪ҵ˼ߺȻЦӱƣҾͻˡ㾿Ǻηʥ
Ϭ磬δؾǱƵĻƳ
Ϭ練ЦˣҴԼݣǲǱƵĻƳⱾԼġֻ֪Ҿҡһ٣ĻҾϬ磬Ϭҡ
ۣһЦ·һֻڰлС¹һһʵɽһ£ӭ绬£ô˵쵰һıңĲ㶫㡣
ŻƳûƳΪλһǾֵôˡ
ǰƽѣһɱ㡣һΣթأߣһƳܸܲһ𰸡߿ЦûһĻ
ߣô˵ҲֻһƳʼվ㡣ֻߣʵû׼Ƴһģһٵġ
ϬǲƳҲǴҪġ׮£ͷβ͸Ź쾢
ҪǣƳΪλһжϣƳǵթ߲ãͺˡ
أ߻ȨôһסǿҲδ˵Ҿҵ糬ϸһƾʲôƳܸһ߾ϵ᣿
ߣڲգһ¡ܷ¶ԡϬ٩ͶһԾɽ£ٳһɽ
͹ЦƿڴãϬ΢ЦͶһɽ»衣
ٲȻӣ˫ɽһĵ̤ĳ֮ƶʱȻֹա
ţ׷ˣϬЦ
׷á㵱ǰ׳հߺĵָ׷ȥûء
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ϵսϢ߻Ȼͨս飡

ߺȻһ´磬ߺֲһȭʱɽžһɽһȱڡ
߹ס࣬쭣һЦԭаˣ㣬֪ˣͲɵƵðȫ綼ʶˡ
߿Ĵ󳰷ʱ߳ŭͳ
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סߵ˫ȣܸоһɽлһĳࡣһ˲䣬Ȼ߽ƣ
ݵͨս飬ۡƿڴ
ͭ㼸ʱŸͨս飿Īǵͼ
صµǸ˸ۼƴؼѹߣ޲ðѹĩ
һӰӿһ֣һȭڴϣһѰͷɳȥߣͨս飬Ҳۣߣ
һȭڴϣ£·ѹɽӵһȭȥѴǿдһ׵Ͽȡ
һɫӰವһ´Ӵһ쭳죡
չ˫ۣ·ϳˣһȶƮȥϴȴǾ㤡
˾Ȼһ㶼⡣Ȼڴɻߣ֪ˡ
֪ۣĴ־ۣһ־ľ
ȻˣضиǿʵҪˡ
ȥ
һӰƶƮһӰһγ֡ȻһһתӰ֡
׷ߵȻʢ˫ֺȻܣ
ת۾˦һȭһ׺Хѹɽӵһȭ£ƺһѪϵžһ¶ף
һſס
һҡͷϧаұϣȻһѵص˵


478 ֮£֮
а
аŭаӿɱ䡣
αװúܺã߲𴩡аΪԵñ̬ȴ˻Ȼһα߲µ
һΣǱ¶ףˡ
ߣֱɷǡ
ŭⲪ֮ʣת۶аžһҽ֡ս֮ȣٲȻΪŹӰת˲ɽУɽϣסĳһһĴۼ
ϯľʯɳ޲죬˵Ǿޱȡ
Цٵ䷵ǣ۽ɨϬ硣У̧֣Ȼһǹƣ׼ͷžһ춯·ţһ˴ǹڵ̡
һĶϬеûɵĺ⡣
;֪ĿߣΨǡ߶ߣսˡ
һ߿쭣һߵǣһǿظ˴Լʮʮ·ܿͻɽһԾ£һ۴ƺɧ󣬶ʱġ
£ת۱ǧߣٵʦһڣʱֲԾ˵ٲȻ֮ǰ쫷һؼëĿģ
ǧɫأߺһϮҰˡ
ɫ䣬ҰһߣᱻһǣơȻҲһסʱڴԼʮа֣û⣬϶Ҳᱻסز
УٲȻǣˡ
ݵĿңҲĿ⺱ĸһ֮ɫû֪жټҵףӼǰʹɵĴսУҲֻܶƲһ
һɫµӪϤࡣҪǣ൱ɫ츳
гɫ츳ǮƣϤָ࣬һͷҲܱο
ĪҪ˵жõ츳֪ǮϵӣϹ̨ͰΪҵ
ɺ͢˭˭ôǮǵƲɡǳ˰һŻࡣ
ǮҲǮҪǣ࣬ƫƫǮⲻңҪǮҡ
ʣһǿ
ΪθΪ鷳ߺȻͬܣĺ鷳
߸пػףץͷƤȻʦܲһۣ

ǧǺܵģͽܵĻһ°ͶˣͽҲδ̫ˡ
һۣǶԷǳ
һƷۣǻβˡڶδȥз¶ԾԾԵ˼
ʦߣҳ֡
еĲ˼һЦͨĳЩ̡ЦҲ֪Щȼ̰ĸ·֣ᡣ
սˮ㣿ʲôаŪǡģδóЩȰΪʦѧ˵ɡ
Цǿ䣺ʦбֻľͲֹۡһҹԼʮۣԲᳬʮ
ΪΣǧܲ졣
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ΪθҹȻʩչ˰֮¶ߴܣΪмǧܵȶۡ
һƱڵɫ̫ÿϬǡôת⣺λע⣬߽ճ۵ζƵصһᣡ
˻ʱѻѾͷˣ˵Ʒ
߽۵ģȻǱƵһᡣһǵϬߣһǴƵŪİƷ
ȣƷһǰᣬΪλϬһشַʣߺʲôϵţס
ѻĿɨǲҪˡһ֮鶼ڡǵĶͷ͵ˣ
Ϭһҵ˼ǣаɱǲɱûգǲһһ٣΢ЦҼţ
ôҲǡѻĻش΢
ϬЦֻ˵߲Уؽһߣպ
аļƻԲáһãߵ磬һΪСңһߵһһбܰڵ
ѻһԲϬ֪̾Ҳͬаļƻɵɱʮ߸£ܺճ£ʲôҲˡ
ɱⱱ߾߸Դвߣֻ壬һйߣڶС
ѻĿ⵭˵ûãаļƻȥа˵
Ϭ֪Ȥת⣺Ѿûϣˡܻܼǧۣܵ
ѻͷƾ˲֣Դݻˡû뵽߾Ȼ±Ǯ˲ˡ
һ֡һеģܲһԾǱڵΣȷ˵֮ǰʶٶ񻯸Ǳˡ
һҲǣ߱һϵս֣ˮĴмҡǰٶ񻯸֣ܼƼʮ·һǻˣûɲ

ǿ
ѻڸ߬һѺ˭ûա
ۣһۣ־ۣǵǰļˡ⣬ҲԵ˼
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־۲ǴײˣǧЩʱһɫű̬ģ͸ˡȻðһҲ֪˶˶
ڶڣϤѻϬ硣ɼϬȻȨ᲻ãıҵ츳ѾϿˡ
Īҡû취Ϭƺܻŵҡ֣ϲӣԼʵһֻ⬣˭붯ҪһѪ
ҵʶһܱŤˡʱ򣬲ʲôһڲ֮أˡϬЦȻĳЩʱһЩ˶벻ķ¶Ǿһ
ˣҿ͸
ѻüĿָָߴķ򣺡ο
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һѣϬĿ⸴ӣһ˿ɬҲһ˿мɣ߽տƷ裬ȴίʵں⣬
ķ磬δغ㣬Ҳ

ǵĶ⾺ݱ
ʱĳһңԶĵطҲڷĳЩҲȤҲȤ¡
Ӱٶ磬˼޷׽ͿշУһԲĳĳء
⼸ӰȻֹƮȻڴϣۺڵϢһ˵ۣ
Ϊ׵ķѪ޷ȷϣԲ̽顣˵һܿһҪݵ㡣
γ֣һڶޣһںޣһȥ˻ޣһǡѿ飬һѵĻᣬȻҵԷѣǾǴһ׮
ѡСϢĪҪˡѪһѸɢһͿ
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ҪҪҲҪƸҪϵ˼Ѫ
Ϸѣ֪ʵĲ⿡Ӳ
ѪĬһſܣʱ
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κΣǧܵ˵ܺڶഫ˾Ȼ˿֪ߵԵʡ
һֱûңһֱ飬һֱûȥ˴ɣҲû
Ŀ䣺һɣʲô
ѪΪȻͲǣҿ㻹ĪҪˡ


483 ǰĶʢ
Ҫ
Ȼһ䣬ȻžžĴ죬վͺ񷢽͵İͣצ˵Ƥۣ߸ǻ߷
κֱܴӾͰȵڵϣŭ˻𣺡ߣҺƲ
Բ첲žžӰƣѼȻӸȷˡһٻףЦúϲ£죺׳գҵ˵ȻҲ١
ƲǺôҲΪеʱб߸ۣսһĳ֣һңƾʲôΪС
⾺ݱĳС
ĿзˣһɫǱȷɵġ֮أͺ̨һΪ񻯵ģ׷׾ͲҽŶź׵ͷݵȥˡ
ٺˣҪ½Ҳίʵһ൱սԵĻ
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̧֣žžžĶöãһ־磬һֺܸľˡ
Ҳд˳£ߵһܣǲʦˡһһͣǾǳ˶İҲݻһ־
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ԷӪָӲޡ޵Ůһ˫ޱԸеգɫȴ⡣
ԷԷۣŮӰΣȻЦֲǲ֪ĵ׻жٲԹԹޣ
ԷһԲǿһЦϵЦζԵǿ
ߣһڱŭɳ۶ǹһץᶯ͵ǰ΢ЦһͷһصĶȥžž֮УݰѪ쭷ɡ
죺ȥǺ豦Լһʡû´ˣҲڰЩ̰ĵİ׳ա
ԷͷһɬȻءޱĳߵĶ⣬أᣬȻȴǸʤѪһ衣
ǶǶԴɡ
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ȻһƣǸһŭ˹ϡһͰƽˡ
ƾ㣿ĪҪΪһǼǰҡ˦˼һ¸İѶԷȷɳȥ𣬲һ̲˰ˡ

µµİģܿ͹˴롣
ڶ˾ŭĿӣҲظеǷϡһٶ񻯸֣˵Ҳûˡ
ߵʦֱ࣬һբΪ˼еĹа˲ϤרĹࡣ
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˵߿һһİѴ˶⡣ɶҲԿһҲ֪ġ
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ѶԸģ˲˸ˡʣģȻͲڻˡ
ŭ𵴲
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Ӫ³һѪŭѣˣʲô˼
û˼Էޱ飺ֵ֪Ҵڰɫһ٣ЦʵֹǴɣ˿ǲ١
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ԷĿ߰Σף۲䣬Ȼһ˿˵ζζ·Ӫŭ𣬺Ȼûɵ˵һ䣺Ī嶯ղɱˣڲɱˣ
ʱ򣬾ɱ˵ʱ㲻ǾĪҪ嶯
Է΢΢̧ͷ۲˽û֪߻᲻еۡ


򻪻δüڣͱžžĶɳȥͺ񱻿ײһݶˡ
֪˸߲ң򣬺βø
һǣŭȴͼ۵ɵһߵⲿֱ̹ɡ
˾ĶͷصǡٺˣϤǳͷ׷׶צĴۣȻ⡣
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˱Ĳ⣬õ߷͵衣ûӾ׳ա
ֳպȼˣҲԽԽҵİŭ
ĿŭĿӣ޶õĲðԲ棬ЦЩ׳Ҳٰʮɡ
˵Щǰ׳գû١ƾߵΪսۣ߸ǴɶȺǩ˺ƽЭ飬οЩ
Ҳ˵ûлõˣܿסߵıһսֱƽһ˭мܣ
ʱյӵеʵɶ˲أҲɵء
в̰ĳЩ˵ˡ˵ҪǲЩ׳յô˼
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һ֮ŭ޸˺֮٣δؾȴһǰ
ߵ׳٣˽֮Ϊʢᡱɾһ޷ƵĴ档
һſٺˣ죬ǸĹ⾰ĳһլԺУһİڱĿ
òƽƽȻȴһݶеʣһ»ϳһֶصĽӡ̣ĥ
һְֻڽϣһý֧סӣһѵİɰԡ
ʮһ²ͥԺУؿŴˣеڣ˷·˼еĳһ֣ɪɪ¶־֮ɫ
ڴӼڳˣϳˣеͿ־塣ΪһýɽߵĿֲڣ
ȻۣĹâ֣𡣡


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֮⣬ǧܺͼս
ɽУһľײᣬҰ޲һ۲סԷҲ־һʱ
Ϊģڲסй붼ڡ
ʱˡʩ޺а࿴һۣȻս
᲻νӣܳģϤˡΪӸذ־۶Եˡ
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һֱûҲΪ֣ɱġҲʵΪ̫ǿˡ
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˲ˣ˵н䱸ˣк֡ϬȻЦȥϼôԵóҵı¡
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һ̫ƫ̫ˡڶ̫٣Ҳȱõ˲šϸı䣬ܿޣ򡭡
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غͶ֮࿴һۣɫ԰׵ӿЦУ˲繷һϵʱ
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ǰһҫ٣սĲսľ룬ĲҲֻڲһ֮ˡ
ʱãٴۻûٹ꣬˻һʼֻðӵһ׷ҲսսĴ
ж˻ϣ˻ʱأؿЦҲҰĲģԵǺϣҴģ߿϶뿴˻ʡ
ߣһϲ˻ʡΪ˻ζϵĻ߰Ȩ
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ѰһǾҪʳѰƫƫǵϰ£ȥ
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ˢ
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䣡
߸Ļƺ
ں޶һĻƺȫӲһ޶ǰĹԱ߸ڴغۢ˵ĹԱһҧ޶Ƶһԣת߿񱼹ȥ
κΣζǲҹڣһļЦһ̴һץסߣ
ǶһլŶǱص֪ݣӱ߸ԺҲͶЧˡ
мзУݾñȽĹԱһɫĹšǱ߸λȨصһԱҲ߱ȽϿصĹ֮һ
ʱһڵĵǺİŶܻ׽ˡ
һĻĻÿһطڷͬʱĵһһı߸ҪԱץߡ
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аϢɭߣƾƻҲȻ벻һСҾͲ㻹ǲϾͷҾͲŴ򲻿㡣
̫Ѷˡа俴ѻᣬͨע߲һģעСɱɱֻҪﵽĿģʲôֶζǱġ
ѻĪҪˡôǼʱǵ汲ճǶѪ
ѻ̧ͷбҲĪҪˡǵϣҲͨˡ˴ɣ޸ɱǵⲢһǾľ޹С
аһ֣ǺǣûлˡձɱߣòҲҪ山߸
ѻٲ˷ѿࡣ
аϣȻ͵ǵõ񡯵ˡ
ʲôѻ𾪡
аظһ飺Ǻܿҵˡ


485 룬ȸѩ
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ΪΣഫƣʱʮۣʱҲʮۡ𣬸вһٶࡣ
ߵԣҲ⣬е˼٣ȴǾǿƾ⣬һˡ
ƾ츳ƾԴļϤ࣬ᵮٶ񻯸֣Ҳ˿档
Ϭ粻ÿɷ񣬿ɫȻ˵һܳɾһΰҵΨ᲻ܡ
Ϊʵһˣϰ壬Եò
ϬӼժһƬݻҶÿһ߰ϣʵ֮ǿ۾ֻ֮ۡȺ޸࣬Դһޡ
㣬Ϊô꣬ûнޣƽκһң
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֪һж٣ǧ֪ʲôʱ𣿡Ϭ練һ䣬ҡͷЦ࿴飬飬кôóġ
ٵʱ򣬾޼ҲʮϬ絭ЦвһŵʮҲδ̫ˡ
Ǻܶǰ£Ĵ˷ˣŭˡ˻ԴߣϾ޸֡Ϭһһ٣͢ɣңߣǳ̶֣һɱֻʣ¼ߡ
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Ȼ󣬺Ǳߵľݵ㱻߹ƣĹȱϴ٣ץʮ²
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ŶˣˣֱӼԼ²ģȻͿҪӽһˡ
һҲ͵ȼʮƽÿҲֻʮ£һʮѪ䣬Ѿһܴˡ
ͳʱ򣬸׷ɱһʱÿܲˡ
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һݵĺһǣٲȻħƵģ¶ʵЦݣߺߣһѪȴЦЦ㲻ɱ

˲޲ɫ䣬˲ӵߡֵؿۣͺɽһ
һǹ죺Ȼһۣ˭û뵽߾Ȼۣ
΢Цʩ޵һǶ⣬˭Ϊһҹȥ
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ңһȥʩŭХǰ¡һȭݺӺߵһΧкС
˲Ȳǻƿ裬Цһ׷׳֡ʱݺӼʵ˵˵ģɱ
Ȼȥ
δ䣬һһֱһǰҲӪΨһŮרŸ𱣻覵ŮӣȻϢ
Ůһպ̬Ȼ˲䣬ͯպ׷Ȱʩ޵Ĳ棬Ϣ˲ûʩޣɷ˵ˣ㲻ϰ֣ȥ
һʵЦЦս壡һƵ˲󣬲˷һǰȥŮһлʩޡ
˻̫ս飡˲ǹоϢѣѵһ̫ս飬վȻһμ
ͯպ׷Ůӣжͣȴǳ˫գ·ȴֻΪһֶеᣬգһ˼һң
֮ʩ޴󺧲˫־Ȼһɫ·һָٵʴ塣
־ʩŭһɾ˲ⷽԲ׷ΧȰȳȥŭХ룬ȸ
£Ҳߵ߹


486 һһģϸ
˲ǹ޲㵣֣ɫŹ֡
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лԼףȻδ˫˫ۡôõ£ǧ·˫˫֮š
ҪΪξߺĻǧĵһ
ȸһݸһǸ߹ټͥǺһ顣ʵҲ֤Է޹ϵܺá
ȸű̬ȻΪ˲һǱشˡ
ʩ޾ŭԷ޶м֮˫˫Ǽлһתۣ־ռ䱬ǰδеľײ·籩һϢϯ
˲ȴ󺧣ͷۻѸٱ߳ԶһЩ
ΪԽߣԽѳԽɱе¡ǧʩչһ죬̫ս飬Ҳͼƽɫ
˲СۣܻĳЩۡǣڣ־۵Ķ֡ӴˣҲܿһЩߡ
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һҧгݵһЩֵɫ㬲ѵؿֻһ֣߷߲ѡ
ǧܺ˵ԷޣҲͷ۲ѣпܻܡΪȸԴһֶصǺϻ֮
ʩǱĿۣŭ𲻾òǿסս鼼һԷûһ´λȻȵһαͬһս鼼
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ָһݳ֮ϣƼ䣬ɾ˴Ӿ֮䣬Ӱ֮кϮܰжĳɷ顣
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ˣһ˸еĿڷƣƵÿҪѪը
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סСѾͷͺ椣Ȼʩߣ㿴˼ûƫҪ£ΪԸ޵ˣ
ʼ̯һɡʵҶԴźı飬ʩ޸ըˣݺݵһѪĭϣߣĪҪ⡣ɱġ
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һŨŨѪͷѩһ飬γɰ߰Ѫɫ


487 Ӫݣһ
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ʩ޾ŭ֮ǰͳһԹŭ
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ͬһʺбɱߣǻ᲻֣ûɱߣŰ⶯ⷽ档
־庿еʿУȻһϢաۿҪӳӪųЦȻһ©ģҹ
һȻ׷ȥһᣬͰӶݵ¡һȭؾӪӣ㱾»
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߸ϲȥ߸ޣ޵ùͷᷢߵص㡣

žԾųӹͷԶײһ顣
ԾͷԶԲȻĿ꣬ŭͲҵ
ԶԾǱأ׿껣һƽǮϴȴԱϤ
߸ΨһڣҲҵڣҲɫίٲشء
߸ҪԱۢʹ֮Ϥһ򾡡
а˵ΪۣܵҲȻûԤϵᾹȻ񼫶ˡ֪˭֪һس¹С
κһ͢ܣҲԲ·
һ⣬ôһʾԿӵþջ˼û˻ôɡ
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аĿɨӣѴӪΧһˡƾڵӪ
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һƱڵмɫӣ¶̫ͬ˼Ի
۴κһǶаεܺԲл˵ȺţԲ档
бǴˣղǾԲΪЩˡѻĿɨһˣ㲻ǴˣΪҪôҪһ͡
Ī˵ߣдȱĳʹȱҲԲôĶʡ
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а׹棬һƣžһҡҡλεı߸٣ԴһǻУд㣬ѻ㲻عʡ
ѻĿ⣬ŭ⣺бҪ˵ʲô˵ǵġ
ѻؿаŭȼա
а֣˵ˣ㲻عʡ
ߣվǽƻҲֻ·ߣ
ҪôԹԾͷҪô⣡


488 ·蹷
쬡쬣
âٲȻϴ䣬ɵɡǡһöһöĵǱѤãء
֮ĽսǴľ󡣲жôƣһƣȻѷԲǧ׵Ĵضñȵ̺һƿˡ
ԼǧΪ׵ۣԼΪ׵ĴۣĴڡ
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һߣȻסΪԣûжʩչʤռС
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ƶ֮ϣŴۺȻҽսһ
а޲ܣͬ󺰣Сġ
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ЦȻ㣬ҾԲֻ롣ǰ׳գҲȫǰ׳ӡ
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ʩޣʮ˲ѺһһʮϤȹǰ΢Цָָа۾ָָԼ۾˵ӿˡ
䣡һԴڵأѪ
ƫͷһЦǾ
䣬һΣһԴϹۣô⻹㣿Ǿ
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˲ǹȼϢɱ̫пˡϸϸȻҲ벻İ취ӦԡߣǾް취
ھͷǰ£ɱֹɱģǾͱѡˡ
аһĻѣˣߣƱؽǣ
һץԶץϰա˺ɷ飬аŭ𣺡ΪҲɱ
ǾһȣߵεĲһ£̧֣ˢˢһһɱ̧ͷ˭ܲˣжɱġ
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ؿҲ˵׼ҿỹжɱģ
ˣаһץסĹ⾰̲סôпĻɱŭһаأ蹻ˣ侲һ£һǸһ˵ġ
ôϵɱĪҪ˵ˣǱضȳܲסġһϬƲ⣬಻һǧ
ʮǾͲǰٷ֮һˡֱӼģһˡǾʹԼʮ֮һҲѹߡ

аһס
ŭĿɨӣ俴ߣߣȥĶԹʹ˰ݣʹӴ˲Ϊ㡣Σ
ۣŹǰĳʩ⣬ʣȻ΢ЦһΪһӣԭҲһֱɵá
ŭȼգȴȻһϣĸƷΡ
ߺǺˮȫЦ⣺Ρһ٣ǰץʦҪЮңһסٺ٣
ǵǰ׳գ˵ۣ˵Ǿǰ׳գҪЮʣͲɵˣһ㻨ûУһʸжûС
ϡб£
ߵڿϰаɱҵ˵ļһҴҾ͸һ·
㣿ƾ㣿˷·ЦЦһССҲвǣ
סʩɫңֻ֪һ㶼ЦҲԲЦǲҪҪǣԵĴ
ҲЦˣǰץҵҪЮҡˡ죬ǻһӣ͸֪ʲô³
ұһĺˡĴΰңһ·ѡġ
סһƬѩգķѩԵøˣȻƽ˵һΣаˣԹԵĹҾͷһ·
ĵЦݣⲻ̸УҲǽס
ͨ뺣
ⰮЦŷѩ죡
ЦΪʲô
ߺò΢ЦҲǶǸӲǶӽǻǵ˭Ҳǵʲô
ţԶҵ֡סˣߣǲǸˡ
̧ͷһЦ߿һɱһˣ


490 ֮޷֮
ѩ죬ǽĵһѩ
ɱһˡ
ǧۣܵԻΪâϤۡ
ߣ㵱治ں߾ˣɫãɭһȭ´أ£ǧ߾ʿĲҺ
¶ݣһЦɭȻ죺ɱɣΪһͶͲҶˣɱɣҿɱ˶١
ɱҲǸ⼸۵Ҳֵˣ
㣡˴ֲŭ֡ΪߺôͶٲҶ֣Ⲩ߾
߿˿ⱱ߾ȻüǧܵȹȻ֣ںˡ
һٵĹ⾰ǾɱҲˡΪǧܵϤ٣Ժ죬žһ֣İĴӪȡ
ޱ飬ǧܵԼ²ʿŲֽţԴ󺰣ʦֻרĳ֣ĪҪ
ǧܵͷһݣ˼רĳ֡
߲ɫȻһۣλҵźţ̳֣ȸȻһͷһȻʧ
ǹߵĿһָӪеڣЩһͿˣ
˲ǹȸһͷɱģ޳ܣ㲻˵ҵȾԲŹɱ޹ˣ
һ޼ܷá߰Եͷһεȷһ㣬֮ǰвɫ̽һΣһξܿ϶ˡ
ƴ
ɫϴúҡǧܵȲٹ±ߵĽʿҲİս߿գԼӪȥˣȻһɨ
һѸٲ±ߵı߾̶һĹ򣬾ʹǱĿӿӶǧʿ˶ɥ
ԣְʩѺȣǸӿˣ
˰æ֮гһ޲סʩôսϸ룬ŭ쳣ϢɭɭĿȣߣң
Ϊʲôң°ͣһֱʩ޵أҺܻӭҸҲҡ
ŭ²ʩ־ۡǿҲֻ־۰ˣһǾһҪʵ
ʩʹ࣬Ȼϵʹ࣬ȴԶľĲãĲͬаļƻֱǷˡ
ߵĻɻľǡ
ˮ׹ʲôҸǻᣬһ·һ·ЩԲӣҪѡ·Ǿͻȥ
ҳΪ۵ʱ򣬾ȫ湫ÿһϾɱʱ򣡽꣬һǧꡣҵûзĻᡣ
ҲʲôˡҲԲ׸ҪЮˣߵ˵۴ˣ԰ȥˣ
ʩ޻һ𣬵ˮŤ˲ûǡһû룬һնɱ׼һɳ죡
һŷߣ׼һڶཻսۡ
Ǳɱĵһۣ

˻һ𣬼ŵؿһĻ߾ȻĶ˵ɱˣһ۰
һ˲ŭɵеǣ˺һһǵ˲ͱϣѵķ񺿽Уߣ᲻ɱƲΪˣ
̧ͷһЦõˮΪлɱңֻ˵̫ˡɱңǾԶûɱң
аôɵʱ򡣾Ͳܲɱңǡ
ҿϲϷŹǣ
Ŀǣ˵һ׮ʵ
δ䣬ڼʩ֮񱩵ɲǡĹâӴص䣬գ˴ֲķʽͻս
һֲֵۣһ˲۵ļлСȸһ˿ֱ֣зɫɱȻ
һѪۼлشһ׹
¡׹ڴϣҳһӡ˻һ
ͬʱʩ֮һźţ˲ڣϤӪУͻڡ
϶Σʣŭ˫ĿɲһϢ·ȼյ㣬ս弯ǧܣǧܣҹ
УȻһӻб̤סһƬƲʣӾ֮Ͻ٣죡
һ裬ķѩŭһӾٲƲɵķʽ£
ȸ֮һ־ۣŭ˲䱻ᣬһбüǧƺߣһѪͬʱıӵһ̵ѪģҲһѪ
ĿԹսһţĬȻɫ䣺ǽʥ
ԽսԽңߣȻа˴ۺоȻ־ۣҲίʵֲ̫
ɵۿһĻһңɾ֮вδ֡򣬽һǴ۲ճ
ȻǰĻڶɱңǾԶɱҡȻ仰ܶԣ¼ᶨġ
ǣǰҲ˵һ仰ղܲɱңҿϲϷŹǡ
ĿͭȡʩԼľѪ
ɨӼǱߵսŵЦˣȻилͷɡ߻æ壬Ҫ嶯ҪҽʥǧҪһʱ䡣
Լֻߣô֪ص𡣲ĵҲʵսڡ
ʥǵýһ֣һýɽߵˡ
޵ý֣һɫǴӽɽġֻΪȵļܱȼ硣ȻΨһڽ֮ϣԽɽģǧֻһǾǡʥ
ʥʱǰɽһʱ뽣Ұܶ顣ڶʱ뽣ڽʤиʱ뽣۽ȫʤ顣
Ӵˣ춨ʥΪ޵һýֵ

һڱ˲׺սÿѪ
üһ椣һ顣壬ĪҪ֣ǡ
ȶ˷һŲٱƽսԱ㼳ȡߵľꡣ
˲ս׺֮޻εĴ򷨡ֻǿƽͨһȭһƣһͷͻ¡һȭڸɵ
߶㣬Ҳ֪ûмȡһǹǡڽսһ飬ȻռϷ磬ڴת
ű̬Ȼ鴫߸пһȴԸҲŵı̬
е۽֣ѾǣƵ߿գԼӪ⡣߰߾ΣѾˡ
ʱȸԼʥļ룬۵ѹơսһһѼǧܺͽʥӶɵߡ
κΣΧֲ֧סһƺѪͬʱŭȣߣ
һתҪս鼼ߡüЦӣʹҿϲϷߣ
һ٣һХ߿зҡֱϾ죺ۣ


491 ˮ֮ƣ
ĳɽһϢӣУߣؿ˽ʥһۣ˲䵯ָʣ
ս壡
ս鼼ͺʩչĽȻһȻǴս顣
ȻһӽһĽΪ޾Ļ𺣡һĳϷ򽣾һ㡣
ĽǧıϤݺᡣ綤һޱȵĴݻһС
ҪߵһٻУһѪ˿֮
ҰסϺƣ̩ɽѹ֮׷ͷһɽѵȭͷ÷ԲǧڵĿռ䶼ڲ
۵Ӽ򻵣ѪһѪѹסˣȻǲ
ȸͬʱ׷ΧŰ۸ɱ
߲һ亹˵һ䵥ˣһĻһʵдա
ǿһ־ۣоٶƣȻһΧǼͺ⡣ǿǧܣҲмܲסΧ
˻ʺͷɣ֮޵С̶ܴϣΪΧ
ɽĺܲȷ߿ۣȻһһۡǽɽˣֻϳأɱˣ˵˺ܶࡣ
۵սü񱩵飬Ѹٻָ侲ϣߣ
ǧܵȾ־ۣϽʥ򸾣Ȼǰ˴ۡ⣬һֻһεĺۡ
ۣҲԲǰ˴۵Ķ֡οһǧܼһʥռϷ硣
ǰ˴ۣΧ۵ľ档ǰ˲ű̬аڣԼѻʣҹڡ
ǰ˲սϵʮˣΪѷɫҲֻһʱмܡ
ѻĿƺĺߵ񽻻һɲǣƺߵʲôһ˿εȻȻֹ
ᣡâһХ
ữΪһ磬ϯ±ߡӶݵڣ·ײһǽϣǱı
ѻĿɨӣƺһβߵڰһ¡
ߣʱ߾Ҳ߲ˡаָ侲Թ֮ɫʵʣκͷŭߣסǣ
΢΢üĵؿѻһۣ¸п۵ǿ
ǰǼǧһǿǣƼ𣬴ʱ𱯷߽ۼҪȫƴȻһڶʱھǣס˼ǧܵˡ
߰˻ߵĿ죡
ѻ˻һ𣬼һеƴתһӶݣȣɢȫɢߣȴûڵó׷ɱ
Ħ°ͣһЦ壡ǳˡ

δ䣬ɫĹâ첽һѻ࣡
ݺᡣǺһ·𶴴һУ΢ƿڵĲӲ档ǴΪ˵ãȰΪǿˣֻһ
ˣȻڳܶһ֮󣬷ͷ
˲ȻСģҪģ
һֲ˲ԸΪǿķʽյıڷЪ˹Ŀߣ
Ʋ죬ԱĲΪʯ٣ԹΪԼˣֻشԷеԱһǧ˵ٵ˼ӻ֣Ķ֣岢
ʱڵԱģڸаӶȡᡣ
һµԱģյ˲ԱƽǿķʽƳӻ˰˵Ķа
Ψǰ˲аĳ֣ûܶӰ죬ֱͻⲨǰڸס
аȣӶݣתȻߵķ˹ȻһʯٵĿֲɱ⡣
ǧ˲κα󱬷ļס
ã˲һ
аԹ֮ɫͶϣһһҪɱߣ²ҪҲҪɱߣҲҪɱߣ
Բܷ߻һΪĸ󻼡ߵĽթߵġΪһͻΪشв
аĵֻһŭһһķߣɱзӯ죡
ɱңǾҪаû¡΢ЦŲæİѵˮ˦ò棬һʳ¡
Ȼ¶һĨƻѿڸߺ壡
аһ𣬲һ̲סͷסˡȻۿҪ̱ӵɲǣһ㵭ĳ
а˵Դˮ治ǼٵġΪƭ𣿡֪ΪΣаȻߵ˸ӵĺ
һسаǡسɴ硱
ָһ·˲аһ飬ɫɡ£һ΢Ľබ
ɫĽȻһ֮شаӦٿ죬Ҳ˲䷢һĲҺıһɼǵ˺ۣ
аסӵľʹۿҪɱ֮ʡ
һʵģ׵ô۵İµӴ΢Цתûһ˿УΪרע̬Ⱦ𵶣
һգ
ֻһ޷ζļ壬ȴ㲻Ŀֲһ˾־Ҳʱռ䡣
һƾǡǡڰһУаδüɲǡһϮаѪŷ
ֿ߱ȭȴʱָһ֧ѵɫһĶһ
һβ׽ʱ
аͫϢȻͬеԵɫסȫ޷׽䷽
һ˲䣬аһХХ죺ƣ
һԾȻһ޴ıƲɵķʽ˵һаȥ磬޷ܣ
ս༼ܣ֮ԭҪǿˡʱȻǿĹаһʱеͷۻһ˵һ±նС
һѪһɲǣɫޱȵâ쬵ûа
аеĸоֵıͲס·ͷӵһͨһ˿ڣȴǱʵһźͿ
ˮһǵˮ
Ժ󣬻ŤˣǾֻд˵еĵˮ
һɲǺߵ࣬Ȼ౻ҡҷҲɡκΣаǾĿƨûУȻ΢Ц
ûˡаӿɥûɱߣһоͶȻûлˡ
аؿߣһβУһΡֻҪлᡣ뵽⣬ȣͷߣ
ڣڸԷͷӶݡ
Цȣʦסһɲ˷Щһľꡣ
һɱڡ
һ㣬ʾĲҪӺһն׷аȥ


492 սаĸֿ
ɫ谵ããѩƮ
Ȼѩаȴɱ˵
аһŲӶݣһ߻һȣʮڵѩϤӿġ˫һһ꣬ıڵһ
ǡǡǴһɽһԾһðͷȻӭǵصıÿһССı̲ڵһ
žžžĺϣһЦβ䣬׷ȥ˳Ʋٴɽϣ̴ܼķ䳲һĿ
ɽڿջ裬üһԼܿԽһɽ֮󣬾ͽϡٵĻľ
ⲻһĹһ׷һӣٲȻܳϰˡ
˼׷ף˳һŲԾȥƬʼĸ̲
аһϣʱ¶һЦһ¡һȭߺɣ
౻ϡ߿Ǳ׹Ͽȣײһ¡аƮһƣЦѣߣ·㲻ߣƫ
аЦ㲻׷һûɱ㡣Ȼ׷·һ
ƨȻаĿ䣺ûа꣬ûмǧܣֻҡ㣬ˡ
ͷЦЦɱң
аĿһ
ǺģѩԼĸɳĮȴǺܸˬ
ЦаΪǰ׳ءаڣУߣûӰˡƫƫ׷սҪԶһ㣬øɵߡ
֪ǶǺɤӣǧܵҲ
а֪⡣߿ЦûҼȻҵǹƥ׷᲻аոɵ㣿
аһȻЦ㣿ƾ㣬Сޣʮʮ꣬һĶ֣ɽ죬ŵЦʱص
ʼ磬νҲðա˶ѲҲֻԳˡһ٣ƺ棺㲻˯ž
ֹȥ֣˵ˣʲôҪ޵ߵ¶ɵóԸֲֿӣΪ˶žҾΨðճˡ
ѡҲԶԸֱ̬
߾ǷԷθаڼлˣһ׷ɱ
ϻ˵аһŰϢһ˻Ҿȡ㹷
չָİʡߴףˮøҹԹԵġȻһ̧ͷ¶һ΢ЦҸȡ׼
ᶶĽǵأȣ缱ˡ
ã֣Եˮֱɿֲĺ
Ǻýǿ콣Ӱ٣ԶܡаΪۺʵԶԶʤ̫ˣûˣ߾ԲǶ֡
콣һ𵴣ˮĿķʽŤͷ״Ȼһʹ̴а
߶౻ɣǱײϿɽ£ҡҡͷȻаΪ̫ˣеˮҲƲ
Ψһģƺֻнʽˣ

аŰЦ죬߿ܡ¡¡һȭһȭĺɽϣһһɽ±̳
飡ʯϣһ߷·𵹵һŲͷ½ϵĺȻһббķϿȡ
ûվȣϿȱԵͺȥаΪһâ±һԾϣĳϿȣһȭ׸߿ա
࣡ࡣߺܵаÿһǺ߷ŶԵˣܻܿĸ굱С
ߵΪǾԵԶаƫƫʦ࣬аô䣬Ȼһʱᶼ䲻࣬оͺվŲɱɱˣ൱˾ɥ
ɵĴ˵Ǻܾõʷˡ
ܶܶ꣬ûܰ˫˫񻯾硣ûжôѲҲֻԶϣǶôǿ
аһˣۡȻǵһеͷۣеѲġ
࣬ĵ࣡
аҧгݣŷʾҺܵߣŭһȥҾͲţһֱȥ
ɱѧʿ
ⲻڹάߵѪʷ
ͺñһåҪһŮŮϴǸֿ֡ζͲ˵ˡ
һͷβĸڹӡΨһ߸еοǣپ߱ԣУҲǿ
ߵʦ࣬аδزơаϾеٮٮߣܹ۵ܻۣǾ;߱㹻ǿĹ
ͺñߣ𣬿һлܲҹڵĹаҲУֱߵıһǳֻ̬żʩչ
һˣа֮ײϸֿá
аܻƤһ÷ȥʾȶаŭⲪȻŭХһɲսϢȣ֣
һϢ䣬ϵΨҶĿֲϢ
һǿֲȭͷյӴȭͷصļѹĺ
ս飬˼ͨнףɫ΢䣬ƴ˼Ȼһǳס䱬صĿֲһ
ʱ߽⡣ߵҲ˲߽⣬һѪڼٱһѪ
ɢһ˶ޱȣֱף׵ոسڸ̲ϡаϢһ£ɫ԰׵ķأȴŰЦߣһ໹ܶʲôã
ҲδءһŻѪһȷ磬һ߿ԣͷĴֻһ㱾£Ǿ͸ҳˣ
˵һ£߽࣬˲·ֽΪࡣ
аЦţһɲǾͶˣ֣鲻Խ˺һ˻ƣࣿôᣬһֻһ࣬Ϊλ
ɳ·εɢĿԣа㱾ء˴ʩΪ֮㻹ʣ¶ֻ¾ͷŲˡ
һ٣߻ЦԹԵعһٰɣ
Ϣһأһ£ʱȻӶˮǵˮһصƬڵУаɣ
ߣı£
̲ϿУߺаսһƬת۷ɳʯ켤䡣ĳ̣ǹŭӿôơ
һתۣ˽սͺ׵ķΧݺᣬѸ̲նһһĺۼ
һ£һӵˮĽǺ¡һ°һϿȵһǸֱն
аһһͷƤĴǺɢһ࣬ȻϾࡣа־ΪᶨҲһʱʧǷϡ
оͺһԶɱˡйҲľɥ
аײ֮ˣܿ۶־ɱ⣬ǷаɱХʮߣУбվҲضɱ죡
սеĶˣһύսһһһ֡ڵɳȥЦ˵˵ԽһɱԷǾͲĲ飡
߷ɳȥײһ˶ĸھʯϣ㷴Ԧ˲伤ףЦ񣺡ֻһܻ뿪ңһң
ս壡
߼Ԧ⣬缤аɲսϢӵ
аɫ𣬾ѣս˫壡


493 ռƣ޵е
ս˫壡
аɫ䣬ԣҲɼ
սһ൱Ӵϵڵĸֶص֡һʦһҲֻһеý
ս飬һֱȽ϶صɫս顣һɣһңǰ汲ǰķȻڼлתΪս顣
ս鼼սǰѧĲ뱾ܡԣսս鼼ʱɻұӵеѧѧս鼼ϡ
һսս鼼ʹߵѧʩչ߱Ϊǿ
սǿ󣬵Ϊսתʱ䶯Ǽֻ꣬м߱ټʷҺɲӵС
ս˫壬һֺսַһһԶֻսһս鼼ϵַ
˫£˵Ҳδء˵ҲáкܶԵʣ׵ľ
ǰڱƣͼһ߱˫ı졣Ϊǳģ߳δ˫͡
ս˫壬͵սһս鼼δͻƾƣھھ޵С
Ҳѹаɫ䣬һҲδؾͼ˫塣
ڽ֮УһߴЦһ˵һаɫ԰׵Ļս壡
ʺĺˮɫĽ⣬ǼĿֲХҵ
аӦϢ˲ɫ䣬ĸоˣսϢһһս飬ͨս顣
Ԩϼ͡ս飬˲塣
аĵˡ˫ͺټˣ岻˵ûУаû
ս˫⣬ͼʲôĻɣȽǻԵ
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ǣЦеһȻΪֹƿ

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494 а֮ܣ޷ܵ
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࣬ϽǼΪģΪǿࡣƿһ
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˰֮綾ҺһѸӡ·ѪһĻ䡣
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߸ƾаȫʢ֮ʱҲܾˡοаˣ
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սԾֵĵˮĵˮҲϿߵΪˣǿΪˡǲ̫ףа̫ǿ治ᶯõˮ
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аԼһجΣôܻܳ۵ڣʲôɻᱻһܣԼֻŻᷢ
ϧߵΪΪȴڡ࣬û۵ΪҲ൱ˡһΥ͵˵ƫƫġ
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аңǸ˭
ЦЦ˵һ仰а̴ͣ


495 ĳˣĳ£ĳʵ
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ȥ֣ͷпһֱһģĸоƵı䣬Ǳ濴ô򵥣ֻи顣
оǿҡ߽ϵԽ࣬ӴĲԽߣԽָоƱԲ򵥡
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496 
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аЦˣ˻ƵĸЦȴ˵ʲô
ߵ⣬һַ󣬲Ǽ΢һ㡣嵱УҲмʵںϵѡϸģų󹬵ɡ
ԣѪȽϸɾļʷǳ͡ûС
ΪηҪѡǻȻܶԵʣ֮һҲΪ˱˱ʵۡ
ƵżԸšԳܴɣֱҷ֣һµģΪֶ֪ΣܹڸѪ
ԵĲ˵ƷƷĹԱȫҪѪųɡһֱڱƣʮʱҲһᱻѪ
УƷԱȫҪѪҹΪȻָ֪ܵͬ˵̫ࡣ
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ۣŹֵЦˣߣѻͬһˡ
ȴһᣬаѪҪɣ̫أСһаѹаЮʵļƻһԲģ
аϢÿ׳յͶߡ
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497 ־û
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һҹڷЪ˹ŭ𣬶ݹҡҷת۾ҪӶݡ˲ٶϣȴʤһȭҹڻУҲֻؿŶԷƺߡ
ȴʱһױȵӰһȣסҵĶ֣
˲һΣ򾣼Ķ֡һת۾ͱηĿֲٶȣת˲׷ʮߵĲҹһҪɱ
ȴȻߵĽæУشȻٰҹڸ
ץסڷأһ߰ҡͷѡǰץģΪһ浹ս൱Ѷȡ
ߵĽͷκΣǧܲҵ͹ƻͽܣҲ͹ߵͷԣߵ뷨Ҳ򵥡߽ƻôͱضĿġ
Ȼǲ֪߲Ųںʲôڣںľ꣬ȥҪ겻˷ѡ֪һ۵ľ꣬Ըһĳˡ
аΪ׵ڣֻаһߡʣڣϤ˲Ͱ˸
ѻΪ׵İ˴ҹڣ½ѻɢߡǡǡҲʣҹڣ
ڣҹڣһۣһ־ۡϮУ߲Ӳˡ
ǼһƴĴ򷨣ð˲һʱҲʰ޲¶Է
˴ۣڣ⼸ʰˣǲһͷײˡ
սƣܿǧܵ˵ȥһһڱ𼸺Ϊ֮˻ߵŭ
ѡˡ
ȥͲ߶ٵ⣬Լܲˡ
𱯷ķؿһۣķ
⼸һ߱˲;˴תһһȴ쳣׳ķ˻𣺡ˣߣ߰Ҫǡ
ֻҪ㻹ţǾͻϣΪǱҲ٣
ȺĺС
ƲסХһϢʱ䣬һкȻ˫绯һڶؼ𣡡

ٵӣûһУ̶̵ɲǼ䣬־¡ֲһУ·һԵĺɫռ䡣
ѷԲʮһɳ޾Ӳ
ڶһһ˲䱬ӣȻϢĻΪɫûʮ
һתۣԲʮھȻһкһ޴ޱȵİ״أɳ͵ɳʯϤΪķɻҡ
߰һ·𱻳ɣͼһѾ־ۡ
κΣǧܵȻһУһЩˣȴҲӼ˾ߡһأͰ
־зɫʣþһߣڻ㣡
δ䣬־ӳһֲֿϢγһױȵľ籩
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ԱƵһֶΣ۵һֶֶΣҲһԻһǧɱٵֶΡԱģԵ˵˺ҪһЩҲﲻʯٵĵز
־ڻߣǧܵȸ׷
ߣҲһֿ߽⡣
ɨβҲͺܿˡһ־ۣڣϤ
˲޲һ亹֮ս˵һѵñľ顣Ҳίʵաɱۣһ׮˵˵ʵֵ¡
ϢһᣬǧܺȻ𣺡Сߡ
ãȥ׷аˡǰսңʱ𣬸ԴȻ߲ʲôΪаʲôΪôаĶ֡
ϸĵ˵ߴʱȻаĶ֡
𣬼ǧܵɫࣺ죬Σҵ޲ɫѿ˭Ψ߲
ǻ֣ǧܵսֻпѻɱθһȥǧܵȼ̳һ۵־̳мǧܵǰ־ˡ
Ψһл˻ʵˣҲھֹһͳµˡ
˭Ψ߲ܡ
ȽǲڿնУٶѰߡ
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аȱضԡ
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˴ۣڣ˷ȥǸչǵ̺ʽһȦһȦ⣬Զĵطȥ
ľᣬĽǧܵ˽еӺ䣬ˣǸȥʲôطһߣ
˵ʱǵʱ̫ࡣʵϣһɫİϣѾˣûʱˡ
ֺңֻҪܰصĶ̳ȥˡл˻ʵˣǾˡ
ڵҹɫһ֮廨һХ⣡
廨Ϣȳ˷£¶֮ɫ߳𣺡ʣˣ㡣аܡ
ƱԸ廨𾪵ؿŵһ׼Ǹо죬ϳſڽࣺ⣬ǡ

Ȼ̤һӺڰ˻Ѫܵ׼廨鲻ԽصͷȻеһûɵ顣
廨ǲҹڣͬΪű̬аһܴڻ¡ɱа廨ʲôԸģ
а׼ЦУƺڲһƽ¡
ӰһΣһ֣Ŀɿڴؿ׼ȻЦѣصߵļ򣺡СӣСӣ
˲ȷ׷ƼϤСҰһʱָָͣ׼а
͵Ȼ㵹ŹֵؿһۡһӶҪˣһССȻɱһĳ֡
Ȼô
Ʋ죬ڸô𡣲һа׷ɱһˣѾĴаⶼɱؼұϱˡ
˵ļ򵥣аҪôɱһͱɵˡȴҲһ룬ʲôΪаʲôΪ
˵ɱһ𣬶а˵ҲǺñһֱءûȻɵ˴
֪ԽܵǳУԽֵزǼֱǷˡ
ӴˣҲ˵ˡ
ߵıʾѹʦ࣬һרƾһ㣬ҹڵʵˡֻΪǾעҪơ
Ҳѹ˻ᱻƭǹϵģɹҲǹϵкСһר࣬Ȿǿǰġ
ˣû֪࣬ȻҲû֪ʵڵʵ
ϤߵģǿǧܣҲΪͽܵսĿࡣ
޲һֿ͵òһոµĿʶߵʵ
ʱߣΪĻҪǿܶܶࡣ


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Ǿӱʮ겻С˱𲻹ҹϬ粻֪ߵϤ߰ٷ֮ǧĻᱨᡣ
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˴սƴߣ۱Ҳδؾ˭ʱ߸ϣǾȡ
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Ϭͷ˴۸ԳͬԸΪǼǧܺģʱһ룬һĳЩԵʡ
΢˼ϬҡͷΪв󡣡˲죬ŵǰ̨ϵģʲôʱ򶯣ʲôʱ򶯣һʱ
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ѻǰߣϬϣĬ죬ϬźȻεЮʼƻ˭ģΪλͨ
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Ϭ粻Ϊ⣬жۣڣжܾݵ㣿ҪΣһʲô·
֪ڡѻ赭Ļﴫ
Ϭ¶һŹֵɫ˶Ƿ񻹿һǿ
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ʵҲûеõȫΡ
ѻ㲻ǰϬԹԵȥƺ޴飬ȡб顣㣬֪顣
аҡƺڴԣаǴȴδܴﵽֶĵزθʧˮ׼
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ҪʲôѻĿ䡣
Ϭ˹һЦգѩˣҲ˽ĵһѩ
Ʈѩ
ϬȻףɣ㣬ңкô


499 ۣѧϰ
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߲Ϊ¼ʣ˼Һôۣϴġο˸ץס˼еƢе
־۳ЦĿ⣬¶׳ҡ
˼ƮɣΣһЦʮǰƣᱱƵİƾ˽׸ᣬΪש
֪ʱǣ˭
סЦѡߺȻһЦô˵ɣǲǻѻλۣ׵ģѻûѻ϶һ
Ҳˣѻǵͬδ뵱£Ǳ˵ǣôϷ͸Ȥˡ
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˵⣬һݣ
߻δ䣬ĿһȴȻƺ޶ԡ߲ɵͷۣ־Ϊᶨ׻û塣
Ƿ֪ѻݣ۾ɫҲˮ©޴жϣ
СҲ׷ɱ֪˵֪ѻݣǾͷĺˡ
۵־̫ǿˣӶ˵Ƥӣ䲻ܣȻԺˡ߸пһ£ת⣺еͿǲһϷ
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ζĦ룺׵ǴɣᡣǱġԽΪҲ븡ˮģнɽѧ
ɽƴû̫ࡣѧ濴ƺܳȻʵδؾûڰƲûС
ɽӵĴ󽣵ۣʮڡôһھһһģȻġ
ѧһֱѧʿѧѧʿʦѧʿѧеʱһ»жѧʿѧվһ

ߵĻѰζ˵ûˮģǾʦһ峬ˡȻҶǵ͵¸УĲΪȻ
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թ䣬ڿ˵ʲôʱɺƽˣʲôʱԸƶϹˣ
û֪ҲûסҪʱ䣬ҲҪս£ֻҪ㹻ʲôʱ򶼿ԡ
˵ΪǸһ֧κţͰ߹ȥܵľ꣬ӻ˰˳ɡ
߲ǲ뿪սǲܣδûо꣬ûиûսš

Ȼ߳Σ̤ѩϡ
תȻʧЦߺߵĳ
Ϯû뵽ڿӣ˳ֲжΪȼ˻ܿʲôã̫֪ˡ
ɱ˻þ꣬Ƕ벻̫˼ɱ߱ʾѹڼȱ£ѩ̿Ĵ˰
֪һ۵ľ꣬ԸһءϧûܰѼȻǾ淢ˡ
ҪлᣬлࡣҲн찡εջüЦ
һʲôľһἺΪˣһֹ徫񰡡ѧϰ־
˭Ҫ϶Ϯġ
ǡòµһҲǡùԼһҪƨ°
Ȼȫû׼ܳɾֻϹµģԲǹڿӸŲţˡ
ٺ٣뵽⴦Цѣ֪ߺһ׸裺׬Ǯ׬ǮˣҶ֪ôȥһţһб˰


500 ˵
󣬷ǵߺ֮սԷɿٶȴһ𶯾ޡ
֮սȣԸ£ǴҪˡ
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ԳҰĺڴص𺳣·뻮һ
ɵǶһԲУվһȳһյȺǰһһϸȥĵϢϢ
߳۸ƷԼ֮٣һɱ˲Ѫľ
ܺߣһͱӵģᡣڶܺߣڶͱӵģǴɡ
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Ҫһеݡߴ˾پͺñȰѺ˵ͷռǧ򻧡
˵⣬ϹƲá˭ֹ˭ֹ˭ǾߵĹУ
ĸε߸ᣬɣһҪĿӣ
ɵۣƮѩգŴµı衣
սսɵһ֮䡣


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ӵô޻˵ӵôҲ궼ûѱӵôɲòıս
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˴˭ΪǧĴ˰ʴֵ¶֪˾ء
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˭һ䡣Ψߣƫƫĸεı̬ȻʼϲһУ
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ǰ϶ģȺһ£ҪߺвھʱӵԽãͶǴԽ
ߴ˾٣Ȼƾ񻯸֣Լֻ»Ϊһͳµϰ
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ɵ۱ɲһ䣬·ʲôȻЦˣЦѣλǶ߹áͻƣҴмʮˡ
߹ˣ豦ڣȺ޲Ŀࡣ
ǵģ߹ˡظ߹ˡɵƺͨĳЩؽڣɵĺһֻһİǶµߣС
һ٣Ҳֻϣаġ·ʲôڲᡣ
֮ҲáͲǳƾԼ񻯸ˡ
ɵȻתЦӯӯλĪҪߵɱΣƺĿΪơΣҲ߹ߴ˾ٸɵӰ졣
ߴ˾٣ҴɵӰ죬ûλô󡣡ɵն²飡
ɵͨؽڣؿ죺ֺη

ˡ˶ˡ
Ŀ࣬һкŨϢ֮ˣ˵ĸоıʿ
֪񻯸ַӵǶȥ궯ݼ飬ǺͷѪˣЧˡ
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ˡѪȻѣ˫˫ɽУһͷȥɣ
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ҹҲǡǳȡ˭⣿
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˽һǸߴʲôˣ˽˰ȫʣ
֮ս߶ǿӲ̬Ψһѡ񡣿֡ɱҵˣҾɱˡǿӲֱҪԱһ౱߾ʿ
ӵʱߴˣκ±ߵԹһеԾôȥڱ߸ְŻԹ
˽˰ȫʡһ֪ߵĶȤζҲҪͱ߸ϹϵнΪ߸ͷ
յؿѩƮŸεؿڿڶЦӿЦðɣһΡӿǵ񻯸Ǻܶ࣬Σϴֲû
ѣβͬϴΣϴҲһٶ࣬ûô¡ιʮ죬ӿ˽ӽ񻯸ֻ֣ࡣ
֪߲͵İ֣ٶҲô£ͷһ£˭£Ϳ˭
һ٣ߣԸģֱӸǣԼԼˡΪүͲ˭˽˭ӾͲֱǼɣ
غۢɣô񻯸֣ô缸߸̾ء
̵һ裬ȫһ飺߸ҸɣҲںǣҲûǣǻ᲻Ͷ߸һǮĸϵûСԣΪҪǣͲΡ
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·
Ȼۣһ峺סϲãһԾȭģڵˣĶƣһΪǷء
ˣò鱨˼һԻ
ؿŶˣüЦ֪ʹЩǡ
˵Ľӣݹ˵ӡó˴Ӹ߸˧ɰ󡣡


502 ٺޣıٰ
᣿
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ЦУɤ¿ںţĽӣݹӡţһˡһԸһѪȾˣǱ㲻ˡ
ԲΪĳλĹ൱Ƶ
⣬ˣʱһҹңңֵƽߵһУʾˣ׷״ȥֱһջϢ
޵鱨һ߲ɣϵľ˵ȸ֣ɿ޷ǰ
Ϊ˲٣԰һԺӡԸջŪһЩʳ˾͸ԳһЩϢһᣬߣεĿʲô
ӡֱ̹ԡ
߸ƺȱˡ᲻췴ɣȻȻǰ˲ȣǸȴ֪ȵȣʶ
ǲȱˡߵͷ⼸۸ƷͶ϶ʮݡ
ǸƷȻֵ̫ࡣͲƷʸҹǼֵ͸ˡʮƽ𣬻ȡһͻƵĻᣬѵ˶⡣
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Ǽ̵ˣһ֪һһԵ͵޵޵ĵˡҲԲ֪ߴڵļ۸ԺԴȡʣֵ
ߵĹ㣬û⣬δ굱У룬ܴﵽٰǧƽ
ǧƽҲڰ룬էƺܶ࣬ʵֱּܶۡ
ʳеԼֽͷǽϣЩҲաʵļ۸ȴǴܸߺܰ󡣶ǧƽƺܶ࣬ʣʵĲࡣ
һʯͼֵһƽһʯڳʯһͨս鼳ȡⶼͻһλѵľֵƽ
͢Ӳ뵱УΪȥǲͳˡ
ʺܹƫƫҪ볯Ϊ͢ãһҪЩʡ
߸ʱȱǮˣţ㹻ܾáһţǾԶԶ
Ȼ֪ЦĽӣҪһȷе˵ǾܶĽӣ
˲ɲĿ

ǧڲԺʥһǡ
ΪĹϵ˷ֻ˶ޣ˲ԼǹˡϵۣԼߺģԴﵽκһĿˡ
ȸһص·ˣһǻĹŮǿ˵޲ƣǱݵλײȫͬΪһΪ򸾣
˻࿴һۣƵ¹©֪
Լࣺȥޡǡ֪һ֯ʲôҪǮûǮܶ¶ˡ
ǡãҶܷ֣ǮǷϻûǮĻ񻯸ֱôߵס
˵ͷʾͬ⣬Դܽʡһߺܶʱ䡣߾һͣ˴ڻ޲ɼĵرϤó֡
߹ŹһЦ̯֣ԣǮζǱضй̶ĲԴǿ϶ġԲԡٴεͷϡ
Ȼغһڲ裬ůֱķΣоЦвԴǾζһǰǮóˡĻǮܷܲڼɡ
ǡ֪׬Ǯ⣬СţǮׯۣЦǡãǮҲǮׯ
еãȻһٮٮߣ⣬Ǿһףֱѷˡ
ǡãֶһ㣬ĳһزĳһǮׯҲ˼ǲ⣬ԹԵ˵ɣ벻ɣԸŪһǮׯ
пܰǮڱ˵ĿڴΣͲߵһˡ
ԣĽǣǮвԴضһǵǮׯ˼صͷ
վչǣǡáǹͰ˲üһҪˣôǡƫƫײ߰
ǡãȥޡЦһֻ͵ֵĻǣȲϤˣЦݣûɵסɰ裡
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ǹͰ˲һ˼͵ͷϿɡ
޵ҵΧŨʣȻƫһأҲܱս𲨼ĵط˵Ҳġ
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ǿطͷģǾûһߣҲûһĴġ٣ȴߡÿһ޶ܵۡ
Ҫ˵Ǻ޵ܱࡣһûʲôطȺ޸ȫˡ
ã֪ĳһطҪǮҲǮׯתƵȥû˵ǶţҪܶǮ
ǣҴӺ޻Ǳ֣߰רŶǮׯ˭Ҫתƣô˭Ǯׯʼ硣
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һε̸У˵ȥޣ

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޾ǡ롱±ߵһ½еǵΣҲеӽ״
ٹǡǡǸԸݺޱߺߣмļСɻشһϵȴһеǿĶž档
̶ܴϣǡΪλڱߺߣռ˶Ա޶ĵóλã˳ɾڡ
ĳһۿڵͷϣĴֻͣﲻסİѸֻϴȻޡ
Сһ㣬ˣӰϴ
ԴǮׯĶƹͷָӣһһڴжϴ˻ע⵽һ̧ӵ˲࣬ƺΪΪ˵á
ҲΪ˵Ϊ׵ĿöӣȻûܲЩӵƺ൱ˡ
һסɴȻƾһ˫۾ˣԵŮӣͷϹ۲һᡣڼӴӵ£ۿߵһ¥ϡ
䵱˸Ե̸ۣһ
ѻժɴ¶ҡҷľգƽ̫ˣҪòװϣ
٣û취һ˴Ƿܶװǻƽ̫ˡֻԼװ
˵Ŀ⿴ѻ߳𣺡̫ˡ˾׷飬ʱܲ鵽Դ跨ӿٶȡ


503 ڸ
ĳЩ£һ¾ԳġܶʱӰ𲽵ɢ
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ѻʱվһ֤
ԴǮׯһպյǮׯʷǾʮǮׯ֮һû֪ԴһִǮׯ
ѻǰҲ֪аȴս˿õĵزʱ֣ԴҲȻı֪ˡ
̫٣˲żϡȱѻΪ֮һҲȲѡ
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ݵ㱻γҪΧݵʧٶ඼ǴҪġɽץǾһԪʧ
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ֱҲɣǰᱻȷɢ޷֮սʱǺ£ߵİ˴ۣ˸ࡣ
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˵˼ǧͶòѼһĵҲֻйԴһԴ
ʱڰĹԴҪĲԴû֮һ

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׷һ߷ľڣһ˼һԷֱʵ
ˣȲ衣һˮ
׽ӹͷҲ̧غһڣڡһʹ̧ͷʾ°Ѿá
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ԴǾʮƱ֮һʮƱÿһڵʱǰģÿһʱߴʮڡ൱ƴԼʮĲ룬൱Լ˰롣
ӴһǮǾԲġⲻҪʵ۸ҲҼҲҶԴ治˵
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֣һıŷؿԾʦΪλڱ߸֣Ϊλߣ
ʦǰ˵ϣһЩ޳ۣǱܸߵһ׮شܡ߱ΪһɣĪǡ
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߸Ǯׯѵ㡣Ȼ˾չ顣Դеѹ뱩¶Ҳ뱻ңǾƺֻתơ
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һǰ·˳ִ˸ͣȻز£ֿȭȫ˵ôһӡ
һܰѽõ˹Ƿ켫ĵزֱ̫ˡ

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ܿ죬װӴͷʻһƽĿͷ
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ûޣԴأҲֻܿ޵ķ¡
ƺ¥˾صͷ࿴һۣˣǸȥˡ


504 Ұ׻ţǰ
ԴӳʱߵںϿշ衣
ȡһӣϸĵĿԼϱߵĸֱעٿһºͼʾ򶫱߷дԼ
ȻһĺҰС
һЦȥ
Ӻ޵ޱޣԼһ·̡¾޵ĺٶȺܿ죬󣬿ҲҪ൱ʱա
ԣ嫴ĳЩеˮԴĴ󺣵ΪԶеĲۿڡ
ߵʱµĳһؾĲ
Ǿٶ죬뾣ٶȸȥȥƺ¥˾ӹ˽ϸ鱨
ٶȼ죬Ҫ˵ڳУǷ־УҲڶġˣҲ˴ԼһŰ˸
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ߺÿյǲסĺͰ˲дһʵս齥ḻ˲١
ۼؽĳһգ﷦ζĵȴУȻϢȻ١ȸȻи֣
Ҫ⣬һˡЦеӭ̫ҫΪ׵һƸ֡
ţߴ㵵ķ֣ҫٲȻǳ۵ϢʱЦˣԭӦøĽˡ
̫һǫѷûдڸУҫĿ⸴ӵؿ겻֪꣬ʲôԡ
֪ĳ˵걱ңߣԵȼǸըҩͰӶԽΪ׵ǧҳԱƵɱ
ҵܶ඼ҾӢƵɱֱӵ±ԪˡϣƵ۵ģûϲߡ
ôʵҲ֤ƵΪնңǱƾ޷ֺǸѷ죬ȫš
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ûǴңûнһĵıơ֪Ƶ۵ǰĻңһ򾡣Ϥɱֶ֮ײУ߽춼еҲ̶á
ҫǱƻĵһǿߣҲˡ
ĩˣʼƵ۵¶һ΢Ц
Ʋ죬Ϊںʲôƨƻ尡ߺҡĻιȥߵĶţҰ׻ţǰ
῿Цãҫɫһ䣬⻰ھءϸ޿κΡ
⻰û˴֣ս֡ǰţԸáߡСɡ
ʵֱܺоˡһ⬣˭Ҫһͷײ˭͵ͷѪ
㱱ƻ岻ӣѵ߾һҪǺɫ
УɶùԹŸҳء

Ϊʲô
椺ȻʣһŽ޵ϣдһ仰ⶼߵΪˡ
߸ЦթŭŮˣǱˣôôʡԱкôء
˵˵ŭĿӡˢһ¾Ǻˣһ󿴿ҿթһ֪µһ߿һƺĵİ͵
Ůˣǿɰˣ
ÿһοģּΪǿҵĳ嶯Ҫ󺰣ζЦԴļҵ̫ˣ̫٣̫Զ޷ȫߡǲͱ˱ƻʵۡ
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һǰں˳ڿӵʱû뵽ʦǧܣҲû뵽а˴½ΪʱҪᣬȻǶһ־һ㡣
ԣ߲˱õˣŽƵۡԼģһᡣûʲôΣգִ󡣱ҲǮƵûɾܾ
꣬Ȼ̰ߵָ˦һ󣬺ƭһƵġ
죺ʲôˡˣνīߺڣ˼ҴعǸѧġ
ʲô̱ߣνͿߡ߹ЦȾܣඥԴƨûС
һһߴЦֺһᡣߺȻ𾪿գȻһָ񣡡
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˵ҪǮҪϬվñֱĳ䵱˵ͣ˻ʱ֣ǲҲܺƴ
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ǲᡣϬЦɱʱɡΨڲɣɵѾˣһʧˡʲôжҪ˻ʳ
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ܴҲԷӪָӲޣһѪǲܺ߿򣬷ƻµļƻû˵ǣĿǰɲߣ˴۵ĺһҫۣҸɼӰ
Ϊβߺһ̲ס
ˡɲˣһ򣬹֪᲻ۡһ
ߵӣпϷֻƽһεĺôǱһ˶̡߳׼ɲҺսΡ
Ϭǳ׼һ㣬ա
һ߱ѡ

ˡ
Ϭķأ㱨á
𣿡ߺȷıʾɣΪβǻභ
ϬһЦôɵ뷨治˵ڵġΪߺʹǰ׳հ
֪ʧԣԬҪʻƽǲֱɱ˴ɵˡҲеӣû˵ƴһ
ϬǵİѽƳȥɱɵˣ߾ͻƽȻɱǡ
Ԭǳãϼ𡭡
ϬʧЦѻЦѣԵụַ̈λѵǻף߳ٳû֣λΪڵʲôڵȼ˵١
ɫ䣬Ϥѻѻصͷ˲¶١
ҪôǻƽҪôˡҪ߶ߣƺֻһԸ
Ϭ絭ܿҪˣˡ
ѻвһתߣ˦һԵƹӼߵϬ磺̸ʼƣ
Ϭʱһ˿ŭ⣡
߶ʱϲƺڼ䵱У̸Ψһ߳ԱˡһȻ죺ȥ
һ˷һÿռ챦һһ֣ʧ
ȻƤʤƺҲһİ취
Ϭصͷ΢˼Ȼˮߣһûабעˮߣ
һᣬȻˮڴϸĵܿ͸ɫԾϴڰбע൱εĳˮλá
ڶûɵĵ׷һεѵɣߵ˼굽زⶼϵˣ
߾˻ǹ
Ϭг񣺡һ˴ʱͺѿˡ˳ٶһЩˮߣ
һȤϷϬȻ֣ڴģһ֮Ķǣ
·Զǣƣйǡһˡ
һǴɣʵҲǻûϣȡƽˡȻϬһţһһϣ
һߣʵǿҪôǶȡƽҪôɱۣĿ꣬ƺܴһ
һᣬʵǡм䡣һһҪסһǡҪ߻ƽͬʱҲԲü֣ɷƽҲҪɵһۡ
˭ܶռͷﵽĿģ
ϬȻһ񣬿ܵߣҵҪһ㣬Ҵһ㣡
Ȼתʮϣжᣬжٲ񻯸ֵ᣿

Ϭһû뵽Ϊ߻֮ϧޡǺ߶ǲһָµʱ
κΣһ㶼飬ֻһʺһ˵˦ţƤǡ
ߴûΪԼʲôˣǴպŲ㱿ˣνĶǣһȤûС
Ϭ벻һ仰СһĶ֣ҲҪһĶѡϬĶѣǲ˵ߵĶѾһš
ƺĳһ취ˣռ챦һ鷳һǴһ֣һ֣ǾͲжˡ
ƺ¥˾ЦͲصģͷʱˣ±߿˳ˮߡ
Ĺ룺Ҫңƻһ٣ƺʲôǶ̼
ƺ¥˾ȻЦˣôϸģ
˵ߴӣȻϬһ˵ţƤʣҲǼһȷʵһ۵Ƥգգˣҵ
̿ĵҵϣ÷ֳˮߣӦԵİ취ʱҾͲҪƽˣֱɱ˾ǡ
һЦ˵ģڰ롣ϵĻƽˣԸɱˡǮ⣬еǰ취׬
˲ƽҪ۵ֵĻѡɱˡ

ûоòԣ
´ȥ̳ˮߣ׼ߡϬﱻһֲ֣ͷʶС
ֹĩˣʵϣҾôϵĻƽܶ١Ȼ߻ɱˡôʵĹ۵㰡
һӾϬסˣһãͣȫͣ
ںסʡ
ʱѻɫĴҴҸȣܻˣҲ뵽ߵˡ
ƽˣҪɱ˵ġбûƽ֪ı٣߲֪
ˡϬƺĴ׶˲̺ۣضգˡ
ѻĿ⿴Ī뺦ǣ취ȡ
ϬѪ⶷Ϸһʼһǹǣһĳλ֪Ѹ˹ڵͼµġ


509 ̸͵컻
ӿյĵʮһ죡
Ԭۣ룡
ϬƺҪϿҵɫ
Ԭǵγһ£ӴϣȽȽ׸߿աصĸӦ޲ŽƮȥ
һֽ䱸ķʽΧȥΧӶ±ߵΦ˺ͷ緫
ԬǵٶȲ죬Ҳ̫ãԶ˴ӴԼʮ
һֱ£иһһɫû׼ȫˡѻһȣ
ԬബӴԼʮλϣȻһɱϢ˲Ӻӣ͡·һεǽײһ¡
־ۣԬϢһϣ״ȻƾϢ֮һ£ж϶Էȷʵ־Ȼһ£󳷣
湾ĺˮڣ·һˮЦһĴӺ𣬲ס˰᣺С˵ùȻûһһߣȹϷһ˵
ҪǼƽЩһˣ
ܿû뺣Уƺһжָƽ
Ԭޱ˻أϬƺ֪˷̽Ĵˣҡͷ߹Ȼ⬵ģҪ룬Ȼвͨˡ
Ԭۣж٣Ϭ֣µѯ
һᣡԬޱ飺Ϸǻһ
ѻ۲һһһȻӣһ˵һ۵
Ϭĸĸۡƽ𣬻ǵһᱻ֡ٳٲ֣ΪǼˡΪ˼˵ܷƽҲǡ
˳Ĭһۣ޼۵ġԸʮۣһۡ
֪ǧƽҲֻ˵ۡǧܵƲ⣬󣬿ɹƴԼֻۡ
֮£Ψϡۣ޵У
񣬳˷ɡΨһʸ˻ʽֵģҲֻۡ
ǿǧܣвһҲ಻ǿһս֮
ԬеѿȴҲѿóʵһ־ۣҪΧɱҪ߸еһ㣬϶ǧ֡
νһ־ָۣľǷ˵ۣܶʱű̬ɷϣҲĳЩ۴ﲻű̬Ǹز
ҰʱͺĬĬҲʲôۡȸҲǣһ־һǳ¸һ׺ϻ£Ҳܺͼǧƽɫ
ߣǿߡߣǿߡߣǿڳ͢ߡһȤĹɡ
ȻһӴ֣߻ӣҲвݼġ˴ָģȻǽеٮٮߡ
Ȼ˵һ񻯣ֲཥСϾ޳񻯣޳۵ˣ˵̫Ĳ𡣵ǻеģֻûǰô
ñȼǧܣʱһܴڣһܴĸڡۣһܴ۾㲻ˡ
׼ʵΪΪƤէֻΪƫƫȴڵս
ѿĳĬУĳ˺ȻǻԬۣϼˣߵˡҲܷԵ
Ϭһˣ϶£Ȼ˿ѻ߳ˣĪҪˣɵˣ
Ϊɵ͵ǰ׳հûͰˣһ߹ָ;Իǣȸɵۡ
ѻĿⷺΣҪ跨Ϊߣ

Ҫµߣ
߸һ飺ڴӿǰһҪ֣һȺͺҳˡ
ΪƺĶԷƤߡǾ仰ΪҲô࣬ܺñϡ
ƳɣʮϱߵĴԱֻܶ࣬ºѷֱ˭˭ǡ
αᣬһץȻٷֱ棬ģһЩƽˡ˵⻰ʱ򣬷ԼúˣΪһǿȨץ˾Ȼ̫֪ˡ
һºͼȻָںͼϻһȦԼĺ룬ϱߣٹһһʱѵ㡣
˦һָǸ˭ǵ˶࣬ںӡϷԷӺߣ˲ҲҪͷ
ǱߵĸɫǺ죬ʲôǸ˭Ǹ˭ʲô˼ŭĿӣﲻ֪ڸС˵־
˲ͷǹɱ˵Ρ
˲ǹһͷڿնȥ봬ʮĵطȻ뺣С
ҲϬҲָźͼ⣬һС졣µˣӹȥȻ֮Ԯ
ӺߡԹһܿںߴԼʮ
ѻͷͬ⣬ȴ뺣ʮĵطƺȥʱһӰû뺣ס
ԴҪĲԴҲܵľݵ㣬ơеϤϵĺ֣Ǳ뺣ס
չڿٵУɿĴӺǱȥ
һᣬۼƺҪִﵺ죬ЩϲĹ⾰ȴȻӲķ֣˲һ֣һץ
еڣȻɫ䣬˻ǰ𣺡ߣȥȻںУֻҪΪ뺣ˮ˵ͺҲ⡣
⼸ڸеǣ˲ƺûֵཻ̫ԸְǱ֮󣬾Ͱˡ
Ǳ»صϣϬɫЩѿȴҲ̫⣺Ȼзˡ
˴ӿĵա

ĳأѩУһɫé
߷գڿ˵أһȣ̸磡
éݵţ֨һ򿪣ۣ롣
߽ڣ̸磬ҵˡҪıߡ
һذװ̸ڰͷһƲһڰֽдһ̧֣ͷ΢Ц뽲
һ̸߽һɫ䣬ƺº͵΢ЦһĳһֽһֽմȾī֭дһ֣

Լһ֣һ٣渵˵꣬һƬ
һᣬ̸纬Ц᣺۵˼ǣҲҪǮҲҪҲҪ
ĻͣҲӳŪƫƫȴһ˵ΣǰǮҲҪҲҪҲҪΪ̸磿߰ߵɰ׳ˣ
취Сϧˡ̸ЦЦʮ죬а취
ߴ㵣쳣
̸۲䣬ƺûʲôݣֻһЦߴ˷־ڱصãΨһĻ취Ƿƽ𡣡
ȡһֽһմī֭΢˼ֽдһС֡Ȼ󣬶һö赱С
߶ɱ˵ʱ򣬽
üãϲ̸磬ҲΪ̸̫ɲˣǷЦݾͷ·һԶ͸ߡ
ȻǿϷƽܱǵ̸絭ҲһЦ׼ϰ鷨
лתʡ
̸¶ǿһɫרעдĸ֣
͵컻ա
һ꿸һֻɽѩб۹ŶһѩéݣЦ̸壬пڸˣ
̸̧ͷһᣬźȻǸĲĸ׺ֳ
ǸȻסһԲ


510 ˭񽫣֮Ļ
ӿĵ죡
ӳƲѹ֮ȥӰʼƸǶѹĵףڶ
Ϭ翴ǹͶãʲôֵѹˡ
һթĸ֣һֱβУƺʱ׼գǵѹʵ̫ˡ
ҪôƽҪôˣҪô𡣰ǰģƺֻ·ѡˡ
Ϭ籾Ϊһδֵĺûᣬһ۷嶷ǵĻᣬ߸Ļᡣ
֣ƺϴ˴˴ƱһƽĴһʼ©ˮˣƾ㱾죬Ҳ޿κΡ
һʼʹһԵ·磬ôⲻжǣŰϬⲻǿ⴬³ٶȰˡ
˵ĳԶˡ
ͷöϬΨһдաƺѻҲ齥ء
أϬֶΣҲκβߡбںϣμ·
Ī˵Ϭ磬ҲֻŪһСϷѸı֣
ⲻһιƽĽ
ϬߴԼܰԹԼѡ˺߽սʱ
ͷöĿУһ̾Ϣȥ̸һ̸Ҳа취ϣһ˵ĺ顣
Ŀ£Ϭڶеİ£̤߸ȥ
һᣬͷһСƯںϣȻԵõĸ洬ӡ
Ϭŭһ侲ӱ֮߼ĿŵļӴӡӣֻܽܳ
һۿߣȻϬ翩һ£ĳСϵҫʱأȻбƵ˲ˣЩȻûз֣
ߺͺһҡҷ̵ǰȻϬ֪бҪƾΪСٶܱȴ󴬸졣
ˡ롣Ц̧ͷʾ⡣
ϬƤһ飬ЦϣЩ
ߺȻ˶࣬Ҳ±¶Ծ͵Ūһ㴬һ٣ƺ棺ͷ죬еζܡġ
Ʋ±ϬĿɨӣܿͷֳҫкüƵڡ
¡ҲϣԣЩƸֺעݺģǲ뱻֣㲻˵ġ
Ϭ΢΢üƺߵһ̣»ָ˿ܵĺͶ־ΪΣĪҪˣҺͱг𡣡
Ʋ죬ƺЦˣ㿴ˣҲŵһ٣ϷһЦȻΪܻ뿪
ϬЦһƽ˵ҸȻа뿪
߼Ʋ죺벻뵱ƻʵۣ㲻룬롣ֻһߵǻĻᣬһϬѱƲͱȥһ߶ָˡ
ϬڡߵȻȻοƵ۱Ҳ£ĳЩ´Լ̫⡣
Ȼ֪ˡϬƺһҲ⡣

֪ƱĳЩ飬ƺҲ̫Ѳ¡
ȻʾٶȼݴǰҲ˵ܿͼݴǰһᣬƬʣһʣ´ĸˡ
ϬָãȻĺӣ㲻
һĹز¡ƵܣһǱסɡʼ磬ϱ¶һǸЦݣתͷ˵ɣ֪лҪ˵ϴǣ㱾˽˵İɡ
˵꣬ҳ
Ϭ΢Цϴ㣬ûաβͬаա
㵹֪߲֮ÿɷϴ֮սϬȻ治֪ٷ֮ٻɵţƤѢ
о仰ӲΣǽ£䲻ʲôӣҲҪѧһѧġϬЦҲΪֵĸоرĺá
߸ԣǹĽ̸ƺϬһ־Ǳ쾡¸о
ϣȺˣһ̱͵Ĵоţ٣ҲܶԻˣҲҲܸ˼άˡ
ߣ˵ӡҲϬ
֪ʲô޲ôѾ
ʾ⣬ϬЦЦҲǡ
Ҫ𣿡ʼ磺㣬ֿ㣬̬Ⱦ˵˺ܶࡣǲҪҪǣ˵·ߡڡϼ
ϬĬȻο飬ѻȴûаڣ˵˺ܶࡣаǰ˵ϬǼϸȻеġ
ºЦԱƻʵ۵ԼܸءܱҿԼǸӾˡ
˵һҪȾϬ粻ϡ
ӣҲѪɰϴԵףˣȻţһߡ
Ƶ۵ѪһȨգһĶԸơƵ۵ѪȻһͳ£δؾͲ㷭Ļᡣ
Ѳ⡣ϬȻðһ䣺ǻʵۡ
߻⣬һѵƵۣ϶һġҲĻᣬҲƵ۷ԸϾʵƱ͡
ƺͶȻǾѵսԲ֣Ҳδؾûлƺ˼
ɫŹֵʣڱƺͶĲ֣һΪ˭Ĳ֣
ңһаһѻѻƴֺͶۡϬƺҪߵЦ˭
ץץͷƤƣĪ񽫣ϬЦݽס

νʼ磺ˡ
ϬĿһ̽˵¹񽫵ݣʾ⶷г
¹߲ÿɷ񣺡ƺͶĲ֣ǳ֮֡һһǳµҡ
ϬƺϷˣ廳ɺܿڻ޵ĳأδؾֻڻ޻
°ͣ񽫣϶Ϥʱ֡Ϥһǳھ޻
ƾϴεж˵Ἰ塣˵񽫵Ϊһǿ󡣡ϬĿͲϿϣ
ЦУۣҲ˵񽫿϶۵Ϊ
ܿ϶Ҳֹһۣһû񡣡ϬҲЦͷˡ
գգۣʧЦԣۣ߾ޡһļʣûûľͲ˵ˣôҲûá
ϬϬĽϣһļʣġ޵ָһһ¡
عͶһһֱĿɿڴ״̬ƺһصˡȻߺϬһһﵱУƺһһεİЩصαװһİ
νأߺϬƺһĲֵ
˭񽫣
𰸺֮
ҡͷ񽫲ҪҪһ塣
ǡ񽫲ֱƺͶǷǷ֮ˣΪǰìܣϴһԵԻٵĴ£
ߴüģ


511 
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ǣƮȻ˷ȥѻչâɴڱΣȴסıӰҲ˵Ķˡ
Ʋѹȵ˿ҪϢ
ߺʹɣѿ쵶ϣʱ
λ׼
ѻĻ˳˶СԬüû취ûƽ𣬶ʲƸĿ̫ӰҲ̫
жϣװĽĿԲϡ֪ǣǽӣĿȻԣԻƽΪǾͲ˵ˡ
ʮƱΪľǮׯģʮڡս¼ңʮƱȥޣܼƶһڰ
ܶΪԴʱʵȻ͹ˡ
ԴӪ꣬Ӵ󡣼֮شĽˡܶˣᰵвٳֵĸ⣬Ҳ൱һֵĽԴ
ԴĿܼƸߴڣһȷнƱƱܶԼʮڡս±ղ˷ܶҲȻӽʮڰ
һߵжϣ޵ķֺţԼռһ롣Կռ챦ԸַʽһɨաʣµڣǻƽϤܲġ
ڵУֻ֮һĻ⿼飬ҪԴˣ׼һûˡ
ᾭϴ֮սѾ±ɹ󡣿Ҳ⣬̵ǮöץŽƱƱ޴һ¥ɱ
жԲϣʵڲ֪װģȫǻƽ𣬽ӽǧƽҲǽӽ൱ȥ˰İ˱൱ȥ˰൱
ƽ̫ӴˡȥϵĿƽñ߸һ׵£޵е齨һ
ûս֮ǰ籱ƣҲֻάʮҰսսɣƽҲֻάֶҰսܿʻƽļֵ
ԬǵҪǮҪʵƽ̫Ҫˡ
ѻĿƽߣѡ񣬱ƽ𣬲ܰȫ뿪
ƽһҪ٣Ǿ߸ƽʵͣضɶһǻɽۻ
ĵУĻ;Ȼ

ѻǱƱ֮һ
ǣһ߻䡣Ӷᡣ
ϬĿתƺҪߵҳʲôɫ񾲣һչšһʲô
ϬĿһЦ뵽һˡһ
ź͹ˣۣƺһ׮Ȥ£ϵٹⰡƺѡġ
˺ܶ࣡ϬЦƺΪԵʣ˺ܶࡣϣǧһֱϡ
գգۣΪλ
ǵǡϬҲЦˣϣ򵥣дǧǰʶֵ˺ܶ࣬Ȼ򵥵дϡ
ۣĦ°ͣ˵֧ᣬһ֧Ѿˣ
˵ѡϬͷ΢ЦţᣬĳЩԵʺܣ׷ɱꡣˣҲ档˹ᡣ
ӱĳأҲǽıơ己ܶ꣬ҲȻٹ̣ѱƯ޶սս񣬾ʹˡ
˼˵ɱ
ΪʲôչţϬЦЦ
ĺ䤱Ȼһ־ʷַӱ÷ǵĴ鲻Խİץסߵ֣ƺҪһůΪܡ
ܾãδƺΣգģھĳЩƺһըҩû׼ʲôʱ򱬷˸ըһҶʣ
ѻʲôϬ߳ŭظһۣŷֱ߹¥ˡ
Ʋ죺㻹翼ǣʲôϵǷʷصһ˴аء
ϬȻ֣ߵԻ·һƵϣڴҲˣο顣
˿õΣǲ̫ѻҲ̫ңȴȻáȻ̧ͷֱӣܶ˶֪ѡ
֮Աǣڻ𡣡жһڳĴӪҲڻ¡
ϬɫȻƱ䣬ȺܶΪĻҪӣиĲΪ֪顣ˣҲˡ֪ģǲࡣ
ߺؿ㵽죬ȻΪǱƻʵ۵˽ӣŴ죬ϲ£
ϬζĿ⿴ε˦ֱʾȥȴǿһ£ϬĴεļ֣ƺô򵥰
ѵĳһܣ߲ɫò¶˰ݣҲ֪΢Цв

߶а˵ϬǼϸ
ûٵƺҲǿѨ硣٣Ϭĵģ֪ĸֹĻܣ˵֪ˡ
ǰϿһսУߺϬ绥һصĺЭ顣Э飬ƺϬһֱִе죬ҲеԲ׼һôģĪʲôùͼ
ϬƺĳЩζȥں޵öĹϾ֮룬öĵرΪλ
ĳŮˣ㱩¶ˡһ룬һ֮ԱǣԵ⣬ѵصȥоһΪʲôǸӣ
Ķѣβһ㡣Ϭ̾ʱ̫ˡ˵⣬Ҫô˵һ׼ȹ
㶼˵ˣһҿ׳ˡı飺Ҫ˵ģҾ˵ġǰ׳հԶ˳ŰûǵţƤѢĶ𣿡
Ϭ磬˵һ£̾͸ţƤһ˼Ҫۣһвˣҹ㰲ӳɲɡôң˼㲻ҪӣĻҪء
߿籩ƵϬ˶סˡ
ò׻˵ڶ÷˾һһһĻһżһ£Ȩǵ㾫ɫʡ
δôڣϬ粻ǲ治߷
ҡΪĳЩõߣΪⰡΪ¼˷ɵʵ˭Ұ㣬ҲҪһײи磬ͳͳɳɳ
ܾܺõĲһλΪ񱩵й𺳣ԾһƢˣһЦյˣѵ÷һΣǷ𺳲˵
Ϭβѣڨڨιˡֻ֮½˾ͲҡȻ̧ͷƺζҲǴɡ
㬵˭ãһǮĸϵûС
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512 ƽٰ
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ƽ֮Ӵ󣬲᲻ðʵǡԬۣȴҲ̲סѯı
Ψѻɫ΢һ΢֮죿
ϬĿɨӣɫʯ쾪ұΪҪһǰһһ̸ұ֪ˡ
ԬǵȴԼƽϸ߽εĿꡣ
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УΨһûľߡǡǡΨһܴһ㿹⣬ģֻߡ
ҪƽҲҪ
ҲΧߣƣӴɣǾʮۣҲ·һ
ƾԬǵȣӲӲǶ֡
ţԬǲϢŤͷһȻ߻Ϊһâ

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񡯣پޣ򣬻𡣡
ҧģһһİһ仰ˣ׽ȻĬؿ⺣һɫȴʵζ˵
ߣĺ߻ץס֣ûɵĺ򣺡ĻǲǿҪˣ
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ߴɵˣƽ־ڱصáҲϬôʲôŵҸƽھ˺ٺƽЭ飬ɱǣȻɿս

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һҪ̣ƽЭ飬ڶ۵в£֮ͬˣɵˡ߰빫ҲܺߣɵҲˡ
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֮ǰԬǲŸԴֺŵĿϤˡ
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УϬһֿЦõĴܸУɵˣδ벻һùԴֺſΪۣȡɲƽ𡣡
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Բǧڵĺ˲籬ˮֱϾ죡ÿһˮ飬ڵһŰܺɱκˡ
ǧܵȻ̧֣һһˮˮĻбȥһ˻Ԭ۵ˣ·ͨ
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˵ϣ磬ͼûнֵʸֻű̬ԽܵУ⻰еġ
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һת۵ĹԬ۵ܵͷֹҧǱĴ󺰣תͷͷˡ
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ҫǼʱ֣
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Ϭָãǧܣᣬ򸾸ܿһ򣡡üɻûпǵ𣿡
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ʱϢǵصĽɫճҫ棡ǿֲĽɫѺˮƶڳǧ׵ĸ߶ȡ
ֲԬǵĴؿһգսĵᡣѻϣߣ
صĹ⾰ǡײźڡԬǵ΢ԥѡϬ磬һ򶫱ͻƹȥ
һᣬǧܵϢһ죬ǰľҪһЩ
ѻ۲סҪСΧ
һ٣ѻ˽ǲУȻϷһԣ
Ϸ򣬲һᣬһͷײ򸾣Ǳģһα˻
ϣĴԲķʽһһѹΧȥҪ˶ãͻԴγİΧȦ
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ѻ䣺ˣĿһֱû䣬һֱǼˣ
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°ͣ˭Ȿ£ûСʼ磺Ҫǻƽ𣬺ͼۣܳãԲ˾ˡ
ҫȻϲһģΪҳԱҪעǡ
˵ңȷ˵ңʲôʱҳԱˣı䱾ƽһҫѪ
ɣԹԵ͵ϮҰɡߴ˸Ƿƺȴڷź
ߣʱǡû־ۣûмܵסͻϮ
ֻۣҪץңͲˡҾͲ̵סջ


514 ǽâ
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߻ȻƲ죺ѹְڳôһ׳ӣɱʲôץ²ˡһ٣Цжװ׳ƵģŴ²
Ϭڣ߱Ҳûָ˼ɵӣ嶼ȻãҲûʧ˳ڿӶѣֲʲô⡣
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ɫ䣬Ȼ塣۵ס־۾Ͳ⡣ֻҪסһᣬǧܵ˺ܿͻ
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סҪܱסǧܵȰߵ˼ʱδɱˣɱˡһסڣƵǱȥ硣
ѻһɾͻ֡ȫ̵ǡ
ϬеĹâһֳĹ⣺˾ԲǾȫû
ûбˣһۣ־۱ƵңֻԼ˱һıϾ·
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ΪϬƽ˵ҸӲᣡ
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ͬʱϬԬۣǶùˣȥ̽ǧܵˡϼһҪ跨ҵͻΧĻᡣ
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Ϭʯͷƽģֹˡһܴߣҷһʱˣ
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ԬۣܷͻΧڴһ٣ϬһϢڳ
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ϴֻɿȡָҴϵˮ֣
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һŭ𣬻ޣһһԱѪЦĲп᣺ȥ
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;ǵĴֻҲ˴ӡһ֧ʮСֻĴʹӡ
ҴϵĴԱϰٵҲжʮвǧĴԱӱβĳ˵ֻڱЮˡ
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һĴԱ½һͨºȥɰǧĴԱƯںϡ
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ԷɿٶȣǱ뺣СȻƺֵģʧˡ
ƬƯĴԱܲҲע⣬˴֮ȻϢżðˣҲƺһһէĿ

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ǾҵġӰЦЦӰǾս˵Ͳˡٶͨʹ˶Ӱ򲻹ʱ·ˡ
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ʮ켣ǧˮԱУǶʱܱϳģҲôҲã޿ڴ˳ڶ
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κһ˿һԴ֮ģҲһһĵİԼһεǿͳͳ˾ء
ۣһ˼Ϭһ֡ͻΧʱˡ
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ȼˣĹߺûԭû֡
ץסĹ򸾼ٿ쭣Խ򶫱ðôõ꣬⾰Լˡ

ˣͻΧʱ򣬱һԼϧһдۣסһ־ۡ
ۣܡǵģ뱻ܡȻڼǧܵ˺Χ֮ǰΨһһ߻ᣬܰ˸ߡ
Ժһֱ̻Ϭֽ
ҲΪϬˣ˱ذܵģʧȥʱ˺͵İܾ֮У跨Ԫأ跨ΨһĻᡣҲ̫ˡ
֪лȾƩ־۵ǰ£Բ֣ܳҲƩ磬µһ˦Ĵ
ϬطƯһУһİһʧݵİһٽѡ
ʱûк֮ǣûаԬǺѻȣװרĲȫͻΧ
Ϭ絭죺ʤĺѣضҪܲȡһ
ģǼ𣿻ԬǣǾҪ㣬ߣǷ
־İܱʡûܿаܰȫߣึһ۵Ĵۡ
ߣܲܿϬȻ¶ɣİ취ִۣ֮£δжô޷죬У˵
д죬ô࣬ƵѵﰵﶷΣû˸ߣԥˣҲܣ
ӴϿӹߺȻиУеĻͷվڼװϵϬ磬΢ЦȻһǹƣȻ˴ָϬ磬һɴң㻹䶨ˡ
µҲߣҪںֻۣҪۣܳǾͳˡ
⣬ǡǡϬƽ֡
߱ȻǹϬ鲻Խһ㣬ƺڶӵƺܲߵĹĿסָͷ
ܿŵЦݣȣߣҲȭһҪ跨סߡֻҪ߸ϲûܿͻΧơ
ץס߷ۣһȥɵذѲĶ˸ץ˹
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ϬߵһǹҪ볶סߵĶ󺰡㲻Ǻϲ˶𡱡Ҫ˵ʲôһʱ㵵ķ֣Ȼûߵ˵ǡ
߲߿ϬĿ̺죬ܿͻΧˡסߣȫƾһļʻա
ЦУϬԲ׼ǲǿˡȻЦЦǰϣ³һ֣
̸磡
ϬЦȴƶĿ⣬񣺡Σ̸ˡ̸İ취˵꣬ȡһֽƬ
ҲЦʲô


516 ̸ֽƬ˲
ǿĵ㣬ĵ㣡
˫֣趯Ʈ˫ȥ١ѻϧ𣺡ͻΧ
Ԭǵۣѹĵ׵ٶ򶫱ȥѻٶէ죬ȴڱಽʡ
ƿգ
ΪҵƿգͬսȻںƿһİɫ˻
˵ˣԬ¶֮ɫѾĺͶ־øһѽ
ۣٿ쭣¡ӿ
ͷҲأɭȻ̫࣬ҫˣͳͳһһƾʧ
ڰеļĶʱͰˣ˾ٻڽ䱸
һֲҵľ־ҫȻɫ䣬ȣҪͻΧ֪ͨǧǹΧ
̫죬һ˺ѿռĿХֲХѺˮ𶯳ײˣԼٶȺȻڿдʮ
һ۵ϢĺޱϤͷųӾʮ
ǧܺ͵ᣬһһڶϣȺĲϢХźţڶ򣡡
Ҳ룬תٿ򶫱̶ʮͳҪһ߻ᡣ
ܲͻΧڴݼŵһ߻ᣬϬʾ֭ʩչһ죬Ϊᴴһ߻ᡣ
ڼǧܺ͵˹ɺΧ֮ǰ

һͻΧΧսʲôΪһεĻƽٰ¾š
ʱĿתĽӹһֽƬЦ̸磬Ϭ磬ıİ׳մȾˡ
Ҳ֪顣Ϭ粻õıʾԼĵ
ߵ΢ֽ̣Ƭϵݺܼ򵥣һ۾Ϳǽģ̸ǰⶫء
ֽƬ̸дļʣɣ߸ᡣʲƽУǴγһȱε״
ƽ⣬Ҫƽ⡣̸˵ģ߻㱵ؿգЦУĵĴܸС̸ƾ⣬Ͳһ˵ˡ
⣬ľ仰Ҳ˵ʼһ仰ˡĸڲԶΡȸں󡱡ԼԷ
ЦȻЦĿҪ嵽һѪҪˡܵɲ۲һŤͷһܣֻ̺졣
Ϭ翴ƸЦȴǴ粽ߣеҲŤͷһȦƺ뵽ʲôˡ
̸磬쵰ݵޱ飬ȴŭȴ
ĸڲԶΣ
̸ңĸĸûôɹˡ˿
˲û
ؿһֽƬ˫һֽ꣬Ƭɷĩ򵭶ϬӣĪҪͷԵģ֪Ϊβң
˵Ϭ˹Ĺ΢Цʡ
ֱһ᣺ᣡҲǹһɫʾ⣺ǹͷһˣȡ󱸼ƻ
ǹ˵ֱӾȥˣεĳ鴤ΣĬǸ֣Ǹ֡
̸һֽƬϣص̫ˣҲίʵ̫𺳣̫ˡ
ҲϬܲһѾ˲١ۣϬɫѿ㵰ΣȻЦϬ磬ͬ㡣
ŭ⣬ãˬֻһ𣬾Ϭʱ񣺡̸İ취Чˣֻܲеһ˿ε
Ϭ̸ʧܡʾ֭ΪѰٵһ̸ȴһֽʹﵽĿˣ·һɵϡ
ҺȻ̸֣ҸڴءȻЦȻźұϣ̸İ취ƴƴá
Ϭɫ߰οļ򣺡ѹ̸Ǳ̬°꣬ʶˡҡû˵ȥ
ң̸ʵǸ߰ʵ˵ͺã˵Ҳν̸粢ںֽƬݵһ㺬塣
߰ɡ̾˿εİڰ֣ϬͶСǼǰһɵϬ硣
ɽ죬ȴɱϬ磬ҲɱΪһµ档һʱһʱ
߳˿ǵα̸ˡ̸ĵطǱˣҲδ֪֪ˣֻӲͷƤơ
ϣҪ̸ΪС
ǰ̸°µʱ߾Ͷֱֱ߲Ѿһα֤ʵˡ
ɵˣһƵۣһ̸硣ƵۣһƤëԼɵ
Ȼ̸ȴΪֹΨһƵ޻˵ˡ죬ǵˡ
ֵɫпЦֽƬϵݡ
ˡָʱϻڰеĵ·𣿡ȸں󡱣ǡҲӡ֤һҲָ
ĸڲԶΡָģؾǹ˲ˡ̸Ȼˡ
˲ĻߴӺˮԼһ㡣
Щܺ棬Щܣȴܲпᡣ

£ԬǷҵľ
Ȼһ٣ױȵٶ쭷ɣֱ̫ҫ
ʱߺȻԸٶȸײԬǣУԬͻˣ㲻ߣ·
Ȼ䶯Ϣһö˵沨졣Ů¶ҵĹʣһڵķУս壡
˼½սӿһյĿֲַԲǧסĺˮһ죬γһȦֲתˮֱȻﵽǧס
ǳۣս鲻̫ǿȴǼܲס̫ۼлһ˲ײˡ
Ԭǵȷ˺ѷεĿߣסᣬٶ˳һ̿ĵ·һҪͻƣ
ȴһȻ֣ۼҪסԬǵˡ
һϢ񱩵ķʽͷţûֹǳ룬˫Ŀһ˭ֲֹ־ϵ糬һľ籩Ϯǧס
ɫСģԱ־ֱˣֱˣԱ־һǧ˵ٵ£Ҳɵó
εľ籩糬ŰƬռзĴݻһУҪκˣһ߷˻𣺡ҿ·ߣ
Ԭչҵĺᣡ
ߵһüӶݵԬǵȪӿĿ˻𣺡ƲѪծѪ
ֲľ籩ɱķʽѾϤסˡԬǵ˵ԴԽߣٶս鼼ٶȴԽͻΧ
ʱϬͶ֣߳ȴֻܿЦѡҪ븹У
ƾ־籩Ĳ;ڷ籩ģгοĿԬǵ˳ɹͻΧȥŮ췢ԽХʧˣ
Ů۾Ȼҵİӭ̫һƣ
ûͶᣡ
̫ǿסһҪסߡЦŷŭХһԼ࣡
Ϭ̾ϢԶ˵ҽܲҪ𡣡еͷǽ
ϬЦԣҲϲڵᣬ̫ƫˣ̫ˣҲ̫ˡһ٣̲סˡ
δ䣬һƮȻ׹һŤֲ磬յ̫ࡣֲĸһȻµĴ󺣶Ƴһͺ档
Ľһ±ɡ
סһޱߵŰݺᣬһѴ̫ǿжߣŭȣĳûô


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ʢŭ֮µХɱˡŭģһһģŷһص󺣣
֮ȻһֲѴ󺣾ǧ֮ߣΪ쫷ˣصĴ
һУ޲ƺߣ
ԾߣʱȻ٣תۻΪһʧߡ
ʱǧܺ͵ǡĿһĻĿԱһ
ս壬ǧܺ͵Գٶȵս鼼˲ڼУֶıΪֲļ١Լֻܿ˱֮ȻѺˮˮ
תۣǧܺ͵׷ɱ
ʱҲֻòˡϸһ£ּٲȻǺͷӣһʱüϬ硣
ӣȻһЦͷȻشӣסƽɵˣɵһͷײ
̫Ҳ໰ֱӾͷشӣȻĵĴڴȻһ㣬͵Ȼ᲻ðմ߻ƽǻ治˵
ۣߴչȥԾ˽һᣬһͷתͶˡ
ȻĿ⣬Ϭһۡ˼ҡҷȻһЦ߰ɣˣûʲôܿˡ
ҪأϬȴȻߣ̧֣ƺģߵĳƵģԼʤζĿǹơ
Ʋ죬дšӲͷɫˣӮˣ˰ɡϬ¶һĨЦ⣬ҪЦ
һ٣ЦϬ磬ĪҪˣС˭߬šҪңҪңȻᶮʲôǳԷ˯򶹶ġ
ϬĵЦݶʱסһӮһΣȻǼˡⲻҪ̫ҡͲˣӮ㣡
˺ˣӮˣ޵ˡΣ˭û˭ûӮһӮһ䣬Ƕе⣬߻ӣûһֱһֱӮˡ
Ϭɫ⣬Ӯߣ޵ˡ
ӮߵĸоϬоȫ̹Ŀĳ˵ͷͨˣߣˣҾˡǿһû
ۣ㿴˰ЦˣһΪǰѻƽҲء߲ЦñȸϬһ⡣
Ϭ絭һЦƽҿû취ŪߡŪˣõˣҲñҸˡ
Σüͷˣ֪֪˵á֪ץסʦһհ׻ᣬ˸ˣˣ
庢ӵĿǣһϬѪȻʤĿһӾ˺ࣺܶ㣡
ֱӣһ˿ǳǳЦĪҪΪʱкôҾһɱ㡣ҪȻ˵һһԡһԣ
߶һᣬϬĶɱ⣬ϣתߣ
Ʋ죬һΪʱƵļһᰡתһ룬תߣȥεջ񣡡


ʥˣ
߾Źʱ򣬾ȻǹһƬǹˣһᡣ
ĳ湾ӿһɫӰӺȽȽ棺£
߽ĳЩԵʣҷһ·ǹ¶֮ɫǰһᣬ˴һͻΧ߾ˡ
˼𡣡ǹ̫ߵ˼ҲζʲôȼвһߣǾ뽣ʥؽסס
ʥһȺӣ΢¶ãȴˣǱ㰴˵İ졣ҡͷһ£ȴҲ˵ˡ
ǹȻϣȻءʥ³뺣Уȴδ֪Ԭǵһһ򡣿ɼ᲻һߣǾͿˡ
ԬǵȼУһĹâӺӹֱ޺ȥ
һӰշУ˦ߵˣҲɹͻΧԬۺѻ˸еһİοɡ
ϸϸ˼˲ãȻ޴롣ǰֻһߣйδȴеˡţҲֻδ
粨ʹ˫˫ԿǽϽȥģ˭ûռðôһ˶ߺô֪ˣ˾ߡ
ʱյߣ֪ľȻѹȴɣ
⼸꣬ʲô˺ãȻ֪Ǹ߶ǿȴͻ߸ѹͷϣñͷˡ
˼Լʲô𰸵ġ
ѻȷɹһƬ򣬹˺һᣬ򣬱ˡһ򣬽ε񵽴Ϊֹ
ʥһɳü˳ϦģҲίʵµķ緶Ҳѹ缸þȴûг֣ڰһء
ЦҶСӱȽϤúܣµˡŹᣬԵʡҲĪҪԹʲôˡ
һ׷飬βˡ֣ȷУ;ֱɣԬǵ˵١
ʥȥ޵ıؾ֮·ϣֻ߸ıע⣬ŹԬǵˡԬǺѻ֮ǰǷܹһأ治˵
ʥû֣ڲڡ
һΪϤԸַϬģڽȫ·Ĳƽ£ߡ
ɽʥڴˣζʲô
Ϭ綷һΣһսʤϬ磿
Ҳֻߺ͸λٲǶղ
ʥüϣΪΣ
Ȼ˵۽ζ᷵سѨβۣܷлԷϳ䡣һ٣һܣѹҲǷڸۣ
Сƺѣе·ڰУ
Ц뵱ȸ

һϻУһϣҪƹȥȻ˵һֱۣѶ߸
һһŻ˵ӣʯһȻƺ˺ܾá
ѪӰֵУһһߣ˷棬ˣСһ㣬δǱߡ
ѪǿϽǿ󣬽βһ̽ϳĻᡣǴˣʧˣҲϻбİ취
𡣹ԴֺŵĻƽڿռ챦УڼϲŰȫԣһᾡƽͻϳԬǵȷδػسѨּǾ͸
ʯһӲصͷѪǿ󣬼סˣ˵ˣҪһٱĪҪðա
Ѫ꣬ܿˡ
һӷ·ʲôϢȫڡʮ⣬ԬǵڲִٵĵͿշж
ǹȥˣƤһ̧һĨâ¶ĹâէȻתʧһּȴڶ£Ϣһ˿©ĵסȺ
ţϸĸӦܿ˸飬ּ𲢲С
ҪǷ٣ȻУԬǵͻȻͷӴܣ̵һ䣺
ƻĻ쵰βľĳһҲƵ


518 ǰڰ
ȴǺġ
ڵȴһҲеࡣ׵£ȴеޱȵࡣ
ԸǮׯոһյĵ飬ոһյķ鵽ԴǮׯʱ׺ȻһŻࡣ
һЩĻ񣬶ԼеϢˡƫƫ׵ùͽǰֿɼȴ
һֱĳһգǡ߶ƽһ졣
ˣԼҲܴӴֻӣִﶫ޸ۿڵĴԼӡ
ƺϬһ֡
ָ֪ͬΪָʹĸ֣ȨǴСǾҪָʹϷŶȨˡȻΪò̫ϲָʹҲ֪׵İ˾ģҲȨ
ԣ׵һð˾Ҫӣֺ͹ȵȣϤ
ΧԴ
һƺûж֤ݵ£һķʽϵңԶߣһϡ
ΧԴץԴˣ鳭Դ
˷ٴ룬øǮׯ޲еʽķŭֹͨϵ׷װìͷָסܶԴҪ鳭ǣ
˾ԹԱԻʵ۵ѹȻࡣȴһֱһ侲״̬û˾ͻʵ۶͡
׵ķӦ֣֪ǲмͣý͡˵̬ȣҲﰵļŭ˲ˣ˾ʵҲΪջ
Ǯׯص˵ȣ޲ǸңҲлǣСѹǾ̫ˡ
һƣȴ͸¶ᶨףɭɭķؼС
ԷʱӼֹĩ˲ŵΪҪôҲҡ
ײɫ⼸ץ˹Դ˵ǧˣʮһ٣ȻԴ⣬ǿյġ
Ӿȵڿڣɣ⣬᲻̫ðʧˣ
Ȼ̫ΣҲס¹ԴйأɹԴϾǴǮׯôȻ鳭̫ǮׯˣδӣҪܵѹǳ
ƽ֪ºٻᱻΣչ١
Ȼ׷ֱ꣬ӣȥ˵޺䣬ҪСãȻ
ʦܿͻҡһ٣ʮһݼ񣡡
ĳ˵ģ

ĳæµ
ȱǧԱԼƽܵҲ治١
˴үЩǽ˱Ƹ졣ܲð˲ѻƽɣôڣ˲ǹ͸ȱһ١
һϬ˵ǶԻƽ𣬻߼־ڱصáǷɵ߸Ļᡣ
Ԭǵ˺ͼߣǧƽҲ߸еˡĿǻƽɱǴ§ݴӡ
ԼĪǧƽ𣬼ϴĸֻԼֵƽܼƺȻһʽӽǧƽ𣬽ӽڵӴջ
Ӵ֣˸߲ҡƽ𣬼ϻҪһδܳһʱ䣬߸ȱǮˡ
߲߻Ļƽٰ˵һۣһЩⷢ׻ġ֪߱ΪŪһǧƽͲء
ɵ͵ۺޱȣֹһҪκǴ򲻹ҰοԴֺŵĿ϶١
źΪһڵο顣ῼ˹ԴȻ¶أΪ˲©ڴӳŰѷֺŵĿߵġ
ԣɵĽӪǿҲ޷ʱ֪ԴֺŵĽˡ
Ͱѽ֦Ĵ˸ˡ󣬵ȴѲԴֺŵʱ򣬷ֽյļ󣬸ǶôȤĻ档
ɵ͵Ҳϣ¹ԴֺŵӳˣߵĻƽ£Ͼȥˡ
ߺͱƵķߣҲ㻥Ƚԣҫ˼䣬Ҳֺг
ϼֵǧĻǱƵġƵһֱԸܲЩ߻Ծܿٸƽʣ´Լӽǧƽ𣬾ߴеջ
̫ȶ⣬ζûô֣Ҳûôðգ׵ĵһǧƽҲһջҲʵ޻˵
ĳ̰ĵ˸еҲǾƲ֨ġȻΪûƢŪòãһڶ̲ء
ԬǵȷͷӴܡͽʥ޿κΣֿտյĵͷˡ
ҲΪ⡣ľǾ仰§ݴӡҪɵֱӻϳ߲˳ƸȥԷѡ
Էѧһ㣬Ҳ⡣β鲻ˣ´Ρ˵߻Ϭصúļϸء
ʥˣǿ顣Բڴ˶ǧٶȸϻǡվͷߣͰһѳСɽĻƽ𣬸ڳһͱ
ôãôرƣ߲ᡣ
򸾵ۣһץסһƽ򣬾յظ·
ǧ˰ƽǾǶٰʮʮΪһķĪҪ˵۷ֵһҲû⡣
һץһƽҲգѹסһЩٶȣҲʲôӰ졣мǧȿָϻһ˸·Ҳ

ɫһ˾ͽȺɽһˬطϢɱ˼ֻҰտΪԵ֡
һ߷ɽɫð͵⣬Ͱ˲ȶȡζƷǽأζƷɱ˷Ż𣬾ټеıرƷ
ߣ㻹治ǴүȲְҲϤˣǹɳԵ٩Ŀ⿴ӺЦ
ԿҰ⣬һһƣģĺͿýƵģһһƬƬķֲüȡ˵һȣǾǲࡣ
ЦɣǾЦɡ߷࣬һм˾ͨҰտᡣһӣǻûüѧżء
ĹﶼϤҰգ˵Ȳ֣ǿһ㣬ȴҲ˶٣ԼҲִ˵ͨء
һ̸ЦһտҲмֻ䡣
кܿ˵һЩ⣬˲˵ͷɻ󣺡ʥıؾ֮·ϣ˵һ·ȴɱʣµΪҪŹ
һ٣Ϥȥ߸ЦƺͷңɣᣬԼ߸һҪάϵƽǡ˼
ЦЦ֮߸Ҫƺɣʧ̫ۡ򣬾͵ڱȫ
˻Ȼǰһȫͷ֮սѾʹڳͷ֮ҡڲۣûʵ
һһĦ°͵ĺ룺һתͲˡֻҪǿ϶ǾĳЩ˵ĳЩˣҲ
ߵۡ
˵Ǵɵأסɵһ첲߸ɷᣬ͵ΪɽףҲڱ߸ϡ
֮սʢ˥һشתۡӽ᲻ηǾǿ
°ͣȻһ˵ĳЩˡ
Ȼԡˡ
Ȼȡʣһ
仰û˵Ŀ峺ȪƺԶˡ


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ƣԵĹңէƺսȴδزƴôһСԷȻ෴һ꣬һӡ
˻һԵĸһ˻һ첻һ컹ڱܶȻн֮ġ
Ϭ¶Ĺڡ񡱵ϢҪǳҪ
վڴ񣬺ȻѪҪ˻ʣ᲻ΪҪߵĲ룬ǻ棿û֪
λǲǵ֮һǣƾʲôôǧꣿҲɡ
ʮǰıƱ䣬ǺѻĻ֡ȻϬ˼ƺڸ˸ش飬֪ġ
ѻǲǱ޼ǣûе·ƽ𣬾ͷ͸¶ֵѰζİ
ҡͷЦã治ֹһεδޣ֪ȴûϹδΰε⣬һֵδ޹ϵء
˲Ƿ񻹻ţ̸Ŀ˵ġĸڲԶΡָ˲Ϫĥ̸ƺ֪ܶ䣬Ҳ̸һ̸ˡ
Ȼ˲ţôѻǷ˲һģҪҲƺ˵ùȥء
Ϭһٵļ֣Ϊ߾Ƶ۵˽ӡէȻһƺһܻ˵ǡȴ⻰У˸ྪ˵Ķ
޵ġ޵С޵ġӡ޵ġɱ˾޵ۡ
޵Сһεţ䱾Ͽɵǡ޵С˼Ϊ񣬸Գ޵У˷ԣϣ˵̫ˡ
ӡǵרעδȢ̶ûУ˼ȡԵôһš
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˵У˭񽫣Ҳˣ
ſȪϣͷȥһ峺εĸȪˮϴ˼ǳһЦ
˲֪ûթҲԷǾ˲ˡ
ɱȨ˲ٱ¶Χɱ˲ͼҽս֪ľʹһ飬һߡδؾͲһթж
߼Ƕ˲ʯһӲʣԱһһ¶
伸ǰɾĳһĳһλʿͨϢһ峺峺ܿ˿Ц
ùãĲ뻳㡣ǡ

һ·ǵʱ򣬲δҪʲôһһһֻɫĻƽ⻭ίʵ׳ۣҲίʵǰѵһ
ʱǵǿһɫľͻƽãȻ𺳣ǻƽ𣿡
ǻƽǾ̫ˡǵǶٻƽ𰡡
Ҹ֪ʲôطŪôƽѵģ
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ΪҲΪ˺ͱ߸ߴùϵĸ·Ҳɵı𺳵óմˣŴһˮöƽǧƽ𣡡
ҲԶһ⣬ʱ࿴һۣ׽е˷ܡ
ôƽôɶеȻĶû˸ңűˣܲ⡣
߸Ҫţ϶ȱʣٷϴ˾Բһԡ߸ҪţһŰֻֽҪһ׬
Ҳ߹Ȼ˿ƽ𣬾ϣЩôء
Ǻܰȫƽ˾
ȴ֪Ϊüʱ̸ġȸںδز󷽿顣
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¿ŵ˵һȻΪ׷ɱ졣ǰٷ֮ǧᱻϮҲᣬҲǴɣҲ
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ذοڲͨ˼Ҳ̫ࡣ
Դߴڣһ붼¸̴ġһߣƲƵģ֪ɶʧʹھ޵ǮׯһżһպٻôǮǮׯ
覼ץסߵĸ첲ҡΣһ˵һ׮£߸磬ǰգء
ң߲졣

ȴһЩ£߲һլԺ
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档شǱĴⱻҳĴ治Ҵһ𡣡
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еסΣٶȡСѾͷ˷ܼķУּ޴̼̫ˡȻԵãϢķų࣡
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ɵҲߵ鷳ֻܰһƹѪȥˡ
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ԴƲЧӦԺХһķʽѸӴ֮޲Ŀ꣬ذ衣
֪ΪһСżԴǸ̼ңɣңҲѿиǮׯ
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߰ݣͷȥ磬跨սΪͲţڻơ
ߺĵĶ԰Ҳʱ۵ڶδŽɽ˼ǡ


521 ɫܣ֮ˮ
۴ɽڶǰ֮һģɡ
˵ɽͳͳǰķӡҲǡһ㣬ҲΪɽ㹻ǿƣ̸ϲֱֱȥת
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˻ʺͺܶߣȻìܡ

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ѳɽԭһ顣ߴûʣֻΪǸ˽ءɰΪʱͻأ˵һأ
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룬⽣ʽһʽȻԼһһֹŹֵķʽԼҲ벻˵ĺˡ
·Ҳ̫ˡ
ϲȻʽôˣٰҰɡ
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ҪҪһʽҪй¶أΪ˳һǧܵ˸Ļ

ڣһҪͻھ硣Ǽǧܵ˶ߵҪҲ߶ԸҪ
мǧۣܵƵṩһĵر̫Ͼ⡣Ȼ˳ҹҲ
һܶ˶ͻƣڷٱǿʱ޵ġɱۡһǰڣǰϢɱۡͻ֮
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ʱԼǼǧܵȥѰսʱ
ǧܵȰ˴ڣ߸Ǿǿһȥ߱Ҫ߱൱ʵֵܵɺȸķˡ
νԩͷծߵߣұ߸ұ߸νԩԩг𱨳
Ҫ뱻˱ԩǾֻƴӵɰôȭͷǿȨף赽ף
ǧܵȰ˴ۣҪôͽܣҪôкᡣĵرͽܲᣬƫƫһˣҲĿġߣѻɵҲߡ
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ҪԳŵ飬ⱾӦ֮⡣ϣǴ󶼶ְûУɾɵӶ֪߲Ǳ߸Ŀɽ
ƫƫ߻Ǳͳ죬ָ֪ͬҲѹֽɽǣҪԳŵɽ档
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Ҳ⣬ǰǱֵú⣬ôģԼҲֻͰס
һЩ£ߺ͵ˣڳ̤硣

زã
´󷢣ʫԣһһɡ˰죬ţͷİ䣺ժȡһǮ
һƲһģʫİɣ
Ʋֻıһ£ʧȥһȻȻ˳һһ֣һһɡ
ס߲亹ȻԭǰŪϺͣоΣ
һʱ䣬ܿͻˡƲȻ͵ϥ¡
ͷȴͻƵĹ⾰ʵᣬܲܰץֻ
˲ĿԾгȰ棺ûҪǹۣһ¶ǧ¶ڣǡϽ׹ۣ¸мг³˹ۡ
ߺȻͷһĵزͺˣǹϵʵսһͺָľǲ
˼ͨϽսҪͻƣҪ³˹ۣ³˹۾൱ۡҪǣϵĹ飬ɹս飬ս鼼
ʵǣһս鼼³˹ۣһһ㳤ֻۣǿ
ƺߵ˼ĵ⻹ͷϷ򲻷㣬µǹɡһϳ˹£г˹ۣÿһг˹£³˹ۡ
ȵ渵ߵˡƶȹɺܼ򵥣վ˵۵ϳ˹ۡÿһϳ˹ռһ̣һ϶ƵĹ
ǣһȫʵдաһۣǾ͵һϵͳĺܶۡ
Ī˵һۣۣҲǡ֪ϳ˹ۺ۾ڲ֮䣬Ϊս鼼ǿ֡
һϳ˹ۣг˹ۣ³˹ۡһһۣҲֻбͷܣߺϲԾķݡ
Ҳ¶ˣֱԣңڣ磬Ը硣֪ΪΣ
߳Ͽҡͷʾδ˵ֹ£Ҳ֪ΪΡ
ͽʥ˵ɫùŹ֣ѿΪ۰ѹ۵Ҳ۵


523 
ӹΪҲΪ
ǵĻһһһֲ޵ģεķʽġ
ʯ쾪һԣ𺳵ߵƿԣãȻհףΪΣ
ɹ飬սٳɷʽȻս飬ǡǡҲǹٳɷʽ
ʥЦȻмս顣΢һ͵ۣ̫ս鼸ӵУͨսܹ黹ǻôһġ
ߺͺĹϲ£죬һֱѹ鵱˵ʵҲ̫Ҳ̫ˡϸ˼ƺԽܵࡣ
˵ڹ紳ôãôûء߻Ȼѹֺ꣬ûڹϹơ
Ϊ̫ս鼫ΪΪѲ̲˹ۣսͼû취
ܶ۵ϵûܰԸս̫ž磬ǲۡ
ҰЦϷʱ򣬱ûѹϷѡϷһλѱҲкţڹϹۡ
ĳ˵Լۣһãڡ
ڹۺһǻۣҲᰮϧԣǱҪ£ۺ͹ǻ಻̫ǵġ
߽ܶ磬ɱ飬ȡս顣Ҳǹۺ۵ĻЭһ磬Ū㵹ù
ѹ𺳣ͷѡ鷳ˣٰүӺүٳΪ̫սء
̫սûָôû齨һ֧ţһ֧ͨţ
һʮϵһɫɱսɵģͨսɵģĪҪˣߵͬʱҲʦȫϤϺսͨңشսս
Ȼʮһٸս飬ͨս顣ڶ˵ƺһңһսȥֱûˡ
ʮϵսսȺŹӪһãܺ棬ҲܾʵĹء
Ĺս飬Ҫ࣬ȺŹԲס
ս飬һսŵͳ˧ȺŹߡ
佫ս飬Ҫͳս߽սֻܷɵʵҲʺϡ
ƽսʺϵģÿսս鼼;Թ㷺һ㣬Ҳδضʺս
߻Ȼʲô񻯸ϮսɸƽսȺŹ񻯸֣һֻġӪ
ڻǱһ¸һսٶȣôһٶ㣬ƺ޷ӵʮƽս飬ֻʮﲻ
ΪһʧѪһεˣ߱ʾеѹеһ¸սأ
գգۣǹԪÿθн׵ʧѪ٣Ǹ½ףÿѪ˺ܶ࣬ôһɾܸս顣
еЩۣæץɣƺ󣬺ϣܵõһս桰Ӫ
һʵ֡ӪĻᣬȸԾЦҷˣ
˴㵵ؿŷ·ϲÿЦߣ֪ǰ˴ۣδ굱лΪץĿ
緢ķ󺰣ǳΪҵĴӪ

Ƕһѩٵʱǡ
ʥϲ£ǾɫţҲ⡣Ʈݵɫû̫ϲãȴҲǡôһ¡
ƾϸƮƮŢ·ͳʪĿҲ֪Ǳƾ˼꣬е㷢ùζΪ졣
Ҳòˣڴüǧܺ͵ѧʱ򣬱ֳ˲̬ȡ
ΪԼƺбҪǣǷҪԼһѧˡ
·ƣȻ͵ġ˳··ߴһ㶫һԴԼǧܺ͵Ĳѧ
߿Ųĵرʽǻû񻯣˴˷ѡҲ֮󣬲̷֪ͬǶô˷ѣôݳ޵Ϊ
˴˽۹û⣬ǸԵıѧǷекᣬһύһ֡
ôԺ꣺ãˡȻͨǵָ֪ͬߣίϷǰѰƤСģ³Լʽˡ
⼸ŵòһˣתͿڴԺ󺰣Ϣˡ
ƺһӺ䶯ˣԺһʱĹ޾˴ӸС¥Ǳͷһ߼󺰣
ߵһϢƺôԺˡݣһСӣᾹȻ
˵ߵΪƺ棬ֶдѵĺộڶ֮롣¥ĲǷݶߵĻ˵Ǻ޲ָ̻ʹء
⼸ΪǱ˭ɡһΨһŸ֣ܹܴĴڣɱаóء
ƤСĺʽ䶼תˣڳʱ³˺ȵϵ꣬ȸģϲؿϣ
ЦЦʾȥ˵˺һᣬилףѶ̫ͷʾ⣺Ϸ·ǵĻʵۣĪҪģ
̫ǫѷ΢ЦȻѵ·Ҳתˣؾȥ·ΣԸ⣬ұƶԴ֣Щͣ·񡣡
ĳ˵񣬶ߵ·ϤǴӰ˸ľһ·͵ֵùһʵ
֪˸ĿǰÿһҲֻаˡʵʵıһûܣƳҰ˽ôƺˡ
ȣҪˣһ٣ҲãϷת
̫ǫһЦȻ¡

һᣬʽҴҸϲáҲ˵ֱӰʢʣƱԼһϵţǣϷתǵġ
רĵúõľӪһ٣Ŀĵ˿ȥһ֣ת߶ԵϵĽҲǣ
ϸһᣬԾȣΪȻձ鶼ͽ֮䣬³ﵽʽϢҡҷȻʱ񻯡
ʽ߻С£Ϊ츳ˡˣͽͷˡ
ҲѹԵã⼸Ǳͷˡһ꣬ͳĺʽţǱĪġ
ҲǱǰҡʱ˵ձ鷴һ˾ͳţǱأһԬԨʽء
ÿʱ˻ᷴǱӵܡ
ӽΪĴ֮һʽ䣬ּǧܺ͵ѧȽʺʽ䡣
³˴λˣ˵ʱ𡣡
ЦЦ˵ĳЩŪ׵ʱͻתʧˡ
³һļ򣺡һģҪǺúøɣǾͺúøɡ
¶һЦĪҪˣûаߵϣǾûн죬ΪǨ


524 Щϵ
ĪҪˣûаߵϣǾûн죬ΪǨ
³˻仰ƺǾ棬Ҳƺѡʽۣ˶Լ˵
ĵ˲УΪʵ
Ϊߵĵϵ˵ͳʶʱղ㳤㲻ڶ֮롣Ȼĵȼֺһ·߹ʮ꣬ϵеĵϵ
һʼĵ˾ͱߵĵϵǩˡ
û߿ṩĴʣǵΪԱͬǿܶࡣߵĵϵڹٳҲǨô졣
ĵȶʮ꣬Ϊͳͳͽ֮䣬ҲžͬȴȫžȣƺͨδҲֻΪһҪۡ
ܶ츳ߵˣһҲΪĵʽΪͨȴгΪϣۣȴԸ
ǡǸֲεҲδһһӡĳΪһ͢м
Ϊͳͳ¼ҳġְͳͳǰٻԼ죬ߵӰ⣬Ǹĵ߶Ķ
һȺɴײ񣬶̶̼꣬½ǨΪƷٻƷ죬ƽٲȻһһǨһޱȵǨٶȡ
ܣǰձԵ㽫ϸҪúøɡ³§ʽͬᣬǰܴһ飬ȴò̤ϲͬĵ·
ڱޣҲȥ˱ޡʽתȥ·ĳЩڷƤСҲܻᱻߣҪôӣҪô̲
ȥУúȻǱָ֪ͬҪõߵϲ¹ȥȻ󣬵ϵеռȼת뱱á
ߵС壬µĵϵڷֱƵԸַʽɢ
ǣֻ۹ˣܿƺֱ壬ԼٶǨɳɢڱƵĸ
³Ƕ죬ڶӰƤСΪ죬δ̲Ҳת
ʽΪûߺĵҫۣҲԼĹâΪĴ֮һ˶ƵΪ졣תҲǨ˰뼶
ڱޣҲйְת·Ʒʵְ
Ȼܷſܷ֣³ãʽȥϸռڱãƤСδҲ̲Ҳھ
³˵Զͬ˵ΪֻҪֻҪһ˳ΪмǱȻġ
һ֦ɢҶ³ʽȽΪúͰ˸мγ̸ڵ
䲻ڱƣӰȴϵϲ£ĳֵֻƶ£һ͸úͰ˸
δıͼƺڽ죬ڸǰȻĳ˸ˡ

ޣǡ
ĺޣȷ٣һתů紺ʵһܺõĶȼʤءҲߵһκޣ͸Ŀ
ǣҲδϢ۵ϢֵĴƶ˴ô񻯸޲еġ
ںеһֱƽ۶Ӷˡ٣۶϶ĴӶ˳
ˮҲҲҲһ֮֮ϵøоˡ
ҡУҲںһͽܵסַһլԺ䵱֮ͣһۿŴˣԼһʮĺӡ
¶һ΢Ц⺢ӣ㸸ء
⺢е㺦£ȴҲе㼤ɣҽҲҪΪڡСסȭͷĿڣҪΪۣ
ЦĻϲСԴã־
׵ѶҴҸϲõϥݣʦ˼ôˣ˳ӵݼʦ棡
ЦŰڰ֣׺Ϸ¡
⺢ӣȻһЩ¡׵ʱƺ⻹ҪСء
Ǽʮǰˣĳ쫷ʮ޼ҿɹ飬ԱְԼ̰͢Ǯ
ǡѶ˴ǮҲ˵һףߵߵɱعԱصɱ
Сӵ׼һĻҲǶѻɽȴóֵʳܴ̼ķĽҪһǿߣ򱧲ƽֹвƽ¡
һӵĺԸܿЦʱȴˣҲͽһʦͽ֮Ե
׺Ȼ֪ˣƽ˵ġҲֹĳЩ£ۣǣ׷٣һù٣Ҳܰ˸ˡ
ͨ볯͢ģϧΪòĹϵսš
һĹɫҴϲõĸݼʦ
ʵһԺȤʦͽʦƮݹòΡƫƫͽܣȴһģ
ףʧҡͷ㻹ǹԪתˣ׼һ£Ϊʦȥޣ߸֮ʱ
⣬ǲͽģΪǰͽܶȻˡʦͽ֮䣬ͬӣȻʦȴֻΪͽܣһһȥ
ζ˷ǿˣԹΣ;Բٳˡ

빬ҴʵۡеʺԼеĻ̸
ʵѻıȴӦ˵ǴӦҲˣʵǣǰ֪ͨʵۣҪߣҲҪߡʵ۴ӦҲãӦҲãҪôɡ
һЩ£գһ˺Ѻʮ̤ǰ޵;
ڴУ׵Ӹеǰ;ϲ⡣ȴһֳ˷ӭĴ
սŵ̨Ϸ߸£νպա˴ʵȻھ֮ڣʹǩ֮ˡ
߸£ƺǰ;
Ȼȴһˣͷ̻죬ʳʦ߾Ǳ߸ˣǱƵˣ
зֱ𣿡ɡ
С׼˵
һִ߸Ǳ߸Ŀɽ˹ϣ˭ɣΨȱߡ
Ǳ߸Ĺ⻷ͺҫۡ߻Ǳ·ͳ죬ְֲָ֪ͬͳͳλȨأƫƫһϣǾֲ̫ˡ
ƾǿһԱְȨΧ鱨ţԼ¼ţκһʵֻҪԲУôɡ
δ᲻ִƱãִüǰ϶ˣ׶ҿ϶
Ƶ齨·Ե㽫Ӱ˸·ϱþɳĸ٣ͳͳӰ˸ζʲô˭ס
ƾ·˵
δ·ΪҲضġʱߣȻȻִƱȨãǾͲǱƵı֮ˡ
ϸϸ˵˼
׹֪߸ߵı߸ߣǱƵı߸
Ҳǡʱڹ統УҲʳͬ⡣
ͷЦˣΪʲôһҵģΪʲôһǱƵģ
Ϊʲô覵ı߸


525 ͻƣ
磡
˻죬˵һ
սҵ糱ˮһĹƣĸǿùޡ
һƬأǧսսһ
ߵܴ
ǣԵĲܴһȭ񣬴󲽵ķ׵ս߸ߵؾսһĺУ汾
һԽģս֮ļΪǿҵؿߣ
ЦЦĪսսǣ´Ȼˡ
װսҲװƤף㲻߱൱ĳ;ϮҲ߱һǿȻս϶绢
ǧǧҲиĲأսȻԶһֱ
Ŀȣصͷģͱһ𾭹սɹ飬ѾձﵽϽľ硣սͣɽ϶սʿ䣬Ǵﵽ½ס
ʱƣϸĹ۲սƣ߷ֻΪװһͶսױȵ湥ѹȫܡ
ʱһֻˡͷתߵźźϣʾ׷о
źʲսսսҲͶˡ
õתסӵ֣ЦλΪΣ
Ĵۣһοսʱ𺳡ɺһڹ˵ôãҲ˾ռˣҲ޵ܲ
ҰһȻǾˣԼҲԱˡ
ͷ̾ϢźһȴˣսΪ޵ģҲǲŷ֡˳Ծ¶޾ϧ֮ɫ
߲˵ЦսʿΪֻԭĻϣһȼ
ñȻʱнļ֪ΪΣֻн弶ۡսս£Ҳ֤һ㡣
ϢǣѪ꣬ิս飬ƩԨȣӰ졣
ֻҪ㹻Ĺ飬㹻ǿĹ飬ԨսȫܳΪ̫ս顣

ս֮
ذ裬սʿء
˵ʦս顣ôս飬ʦֻҲȲ˶١Цƺа취
ųһս飬ЦЦˣ
ʷ֪ʶޣ֪ˣʷǺپԼ٢ҽ֮һ
΢Цǣǰȥ˱Уһִů
Ĺ⻪ǵӶ˫֮ȥ˱ϡܿģ˱ƾϡɼٶȸٸԭȻһơ
ڣʿǵƱϤԭˡ
ߵͷ֤Ѿ֤ˡһսҽԼƵλͱƷйءٶȣҽΪйأҲ˱Ϊйء
Ǳս飬ÿһս˱ΪƴԼٵǧ֮䡣
ĴۣԼĲǵһοÿһοо̫棬ипʦȻǼΪǿһִڡ
ᣬҰԼʥĴۺһ磬ȥץڣߵսɡ
§ݴӣǵģ߸ԼģҲͳƳսţڹ緢ս
սɣͻơ⼸κŵ⣬ʮκսжƣ½սҲߴ
ǣκŵʵȴɹĴӶϽףһձͻΪ½סϤһλͻƣݱǣҲǡ
⣬սУֽɻҲΪκƾղȫ˸װս
ܹսſʼ߾ܽװˣɷϣսһ൱⣬ǲ䲻˵ġҲֻڹӣܲս
Ϊץǿ飬ߵĸսɡ
սս磬ɹ飬սŵʵ
һĺð취νĥ󿳲񹤡̶̼£ǲκȫһλԨҲͻΪµĵһнͨս顣
˼Ʈ׿һԶϥϢƺʱҪͻƵϼ͡ΪΣָһ㣬꣬ãδزĴ̫ս顣
ĸ̫ս飬½׵ģҲˣԺһս


˺ץһ󱬳ս飬Уߡ
ҲӹȻһΪεڣȻһЦ
Ȼ½ЩսųõսɵٸһĿ൱սʿ
ôҲȲѡ
߲֪ΪΣսͨɱսΪһĻȻܸ˿õ롣
˵еġʦ˵ƣҲţսˡʦ˾԰첻ɱ¶Ķ̫࣬δز˻ɡ
ԣֻԼսţֻɹ飬ɱս顣
ڵ˶ţ˶ţߵսһͨʦĳַܻͨս
ɺ͸Ҫвٿս۸Ҫս鵱սʣԱ߸ʵʩսԷǲ߻ս飬սš
ȻõᣬǴδ֮֮Ȼȥ޲öԷһء
ɱս飬ٸ൱Ŀĵսʿõ˰ᱣȥ
ĵرԨϼȳΪͨнףߵٶȡ
һָоԴȥ֮ҲڳΪڣĲѡǼǧôԣҲָо
ǾͣǾʱһȣȲҪšԵķһᣬϾͻΪ֮ٸҲ١
ǾͣٸһŰɡţŵĿҪӣǼᡣ߸ܿҪ̤ŵĵ·ˣҪиսš
Ŀ峺ͼ֮ʱƽĹ٣佫ˣͼʲôأ
һᣬʼյòʲô𰸡
߸ɴ಻ţǼ⣬ץץͷƤһ׼һһĺ߳ʱҾԼһֻССҪɣȴôҲɲߡҲһ֦ͷȴΪ
һĿڵƣһƺζһ٣һ䣺ȴΪ˵Ŀ꣡

һս鼳ȡѪһǫ͵ʸ֡
ϸս飬ûɵһ˫磬˫ֹϥʱס

ȴߵʱ򣬺Ĺм֯ս
ȡˮˮУסĴꡣ¶ȣܿòеĲˮɷˮ
⸱ɣҰЦᣬ㼸ʱѧϼ͵ɡ
̧ͷЦˣпϼһͽܡҵ硣˿Цҡͷ
ʥ̧ͷأλΪΡ
˳Ĭһֱ֪ҵ˼ؼǵ˼
ȻĳЩ£ҲǺС̸һ̸ˡ


526 ǵĽ̸Щ¶
Ĳãͷɳǲס¼Ļ
ҲΪɫ̫ңÿһ˵ɫԵһЩɫۼҲΪĻҲΪĳء
ߣĹһթһ֪İν©֮ɳȴǰ֧
ĹΪεĶ˵ġһɰɵƭ£Ҳ׾еЦ
˲⺣Ĺᵭʾ֧֣Ϊʱ̸̸ˣʵҲ֪ҵ˼͸̸һ̸ġ
ĨһƺҪжʲôôˣǶƣǵʱ䲻ˣҪٶԥˡ
ܹһЩδ⡣ҰȻĻҲ֪Ǳʾʲô
˿ʥϲðɫĽʥҿ
ĽǼõģսҲ̫Ѷˡ⣬Ϊǻжʱ䣬жѡ񣿡
ǵѡٺ١̾ϢȸĺᣬɡͽҲɡ˵Щִ٣СӵȷΨһѡ񡣡
ִ̫ˡЦûʱˣͳͳİˣԶҪȼյԪľͷˣǵȲˣ
λεۣȻۣӿ˸Уλһ׮£ҿҲʱ˵ˡ
ǰʼҾ͸оȥ
Ұ˴һҰҪ˵һİ꣬ͻеȥĺۼûʲô
ƣĸ˵㲻Ҳӹϻ;ԪҲһһй¶ңֻмʢʱڵľųʵˡ
ʥ𣬳ĬеһĪͰˡ
ȡ豭Լ裬ߣ̾ϢˣʹȥҲϻ
ˣܿҪˡܿ죬ҲҪֵˡ
˵СҰȸҲİˡǵѾİʮˡ۵Ԫ¡
˵꣬ߵꡣžǿΪӻϻβڻǻеȥĺۼ
һֵôͻԷɿٶȼԪʮ꣬ʮꡣ
һγˣˣܿͻֵˡ
Ҳһ羣͵˵ûжʱ䣬ҲûжѡˡʥҰеһǰδеĴϲ˵Ĵġ
ͦס壬һְȻɲǸ֣۵Ľţѡϣ
۵İһţƣԳҲˣ˼øס
̧ͷֱӽʥҰѡҲѡǣǡ
һܴϻ۵ɣǲ̹ϣҲ̹ϡĻ𺳽ʥˣһó𺳵ĺĹ
λһ룬ûай
𰸣ûУ

ʥɫ䣬Ŀˣ
һҪôԼţҪôǽǧܡ˴ۣľͲģɣ߱ʾġ
ǣƷû˵ˣÿβģҪôǼǧڣҪôڣǧܵɫƺмΡ
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ҰŭģΪô࣬ȻȻʶʲôȻ˵ȥˣ
һϤҲЦӦǷǣһʼͲǷ߸Ц᣺Ϊǲ̹ϣ
ҲЦͷû߸̹ϣƾʲôμǧһǣ
߲ǷǣߴΪֹɣͲ©֮ɳ㹻ЩˡͬʱҲ跨һҵ;
ߴۼΪ֣߳ǺҪΪûǣ߾͹ȥǱشˡߴӵӺ޷صʱ򣬿û뵽а˴ΪԼ
߸ʲôǲҲôһͻΪ©֮ɳӵиǿʵȥս
ûߣǴԼҲֻûͷӬһڻ䡣гֵҵ١
ǲ̹ϣֻ⵱ףͽʽǳ֡ɬ˴УֻͼǧܶߵǱ̨ʣǧܲ㿪ڣֻ˵Ļ˵⣬顣
ʥĬ̾Ϣǲʲôܣ֪֪ˡԣҲջ𣺡СӣĻҲʵ̫ˡ
ûĻôԸɣҪľĻ£Լ˱裬˹һںȵ죺ҲСǲǵ̬ȡ
ĬȻĦ豭˵ĵǴ߹٣ȸĺǶϲһģСҡ̧ͷ˽ʥһۣ˵ӣһǲڣһڡ
Ͼĺ޳ɣҼǵһӴһ̿֯¥¥ָָԼڶ޺ͱް˽С
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ʥ°Ͱ죬һֱΪΪһ֣ûбֳθУ˵Ŀ΢΢ͷҪ˵Ǿ˵ɡ

߶һϽս߶߶һ߳߹壬ĪҪѧүӣôӡ㿴Ҳʲô֮㣬Ҳ˦ʲôɫ
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̾ź򰡡һǫ͵ɫҪ⵱ɷļǾ͵ųԱ񱻴ɡ
ǵûһΨҶͲˡүǫͣǱԣȻܲٴүһ֮
̧ͷȻĴۺϱԼһܵסβʲô
Ȼ죺ǰǻʵۣ
ߵһۣҾ˵ʲôǫͳͳǼٵģ˼ҵһ۾Ϳ岻˺ΨҶıˡ
ŤͷϱסԼʹɫֵؿǰ̲סŮˣôﲨۡ
ĹܹظδһȻ߱ҩɾȡ
죬ίû˵һĹﶼ˵ǵñεȾ춯صĳ̶Ȱ̵õ͵εʯ쾪ľ簡
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һУһλڵʦ棬ǡǷɵλѡأһȥ޵ʱҲһΪô
죬սǧǰȻܻ죬ǾǧԸܻôá
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̾˿ǵãƺ˵һֹǴ󷨡δؾͲƵķȡߵľԪ
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˵ܣǻû׼ᱻᣬǾֻ˵ûϵνץͷƤǲҪô࣬룬û˵ڡ
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ҰҲգʥȻϲôʵ̬ȡҪ£ϣ߼̳е־ǱҪĵġ

һεĽ̸ȻȥһЩʱˡ
ߵʣȻýʥеҰʱı⡣ЦʥƽѶϣҲмʵݡ
ǧӣ;Ϊǲѡ򸾶Դû̫ǿҵԸɼܲסߺ˳ۣƽٰҲԡ
˼̫ȷģʣҰͽʥˡ
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ʥҰɫεһԣߵ񣬶мֲޡı֣ҰĴڣҲǻֺѡ
տҢɡʥϲûĵı֣ҲĵΪͽʤΣӣǷݹġ
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֣Ҫ̳еǧĴ۵ŬԸһһĴܻ񣬵̳־һֱۣĳһɱ
һĻ֣ǵᡣ
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Ұһۣ޵СʲôãΨûֳǷġȻõѡ
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ʮˣйԪΪʦࡣˣĶȥң
һ˽µ˵ǣˣһǵ˵ˡһµĿֺ꣬αؼƽ̫ࡣ
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ǧ˵ǰɳһûеʥäĿǧϲͽܣҲΪδΪĸ
ԡģһֵ̯ĶǱͲֻܻ־̳Уһ
һЩ־ͬϵۣһȥսáϣֻ贫־ѷĻִȥˡ
ʧˣһ죬Ҳܻ˰İڳ
һֿƽ


528 ֮£֮·
ʥʵ߳Ϊһ֡Ұִ֣Ҳһԡ
֮Աʾ̫⣬ҲԸŪ塣û׼ΪߵġҲں͡ˣνˡ̬ȣе˽ʥҰ
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ΨһľǷθС
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κɽϣһƣ͵ɽȥо仰Сŵءеߵ
ȢֵߵŮϱᡣɫԵķҪɵʲôɶɷҲǿƲס߶롣
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ߺȻ׹ߣ£⣬⡭֮ǰûһܡ
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ᣬ֧·ɱöףͶ·һ˶ϾһֻҲ˶١
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ϸϸ˼ûɵظеһǿҵĲȻһëȻζƺԼĿĳЩ˲Ķ
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߲һ˿Ц٬ص򾣼Ƿд񣺡лۣ
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󣬰˴۽̤һ·ӵѴ¸ǣǼһ̣ͺȷȻһ·
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ϣΪ׵һ˷һпǰ˭Ҳ벻µı߸֮ص
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ҳĬ֮ͬףңʹߣѧˡλǧУһǶ˵ġ
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ˣ֮ɫ䡣
ڵɣɲؿĳӦĿֲƣƺǣĳλͻƣ
δ䣬ĳլԺȸһɳ죬ϲĻΪĳϼҪͻˣ
һټǧ齵լԺԽӽɣȸϵһּƤĿֲÿúƹǦһء
ȸɫ䣬أ⸽ˡãˡٶȷɿĴⷽԲڣôһľǷ׷Զȥ
ͥԺУǧܵĿĶϣ۲ҹ񷣬ȫСȻ䣬һϢɢ֮䡣
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ȸ򸾰ƽǶ֮δãǧȻۣһҫĿͱ˵ϢһˮΪȻȻĺХ𵴣
ȸ򸾸ռһλһϢĵűγһǽ
ǧͻɲȻŷй¶һת۵Ĺ򣬷ԲʮɷΧڣľͽϤΪķɻҡ
ǼǧܷӦ죬һĹ򣬷ԲʮҲѾΪƽأ


530 ԭϵĴս
ԭһɫĲݵسΪľɫ
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ǣһЩȴΪһˣģǴңˡ
ɱѪȣҲɱͲҺ
ŨŨѪһƮѹֲƻеá

һ𺳲Կյƶ֪Ӻʹεرŷһ˿־
ɽХɱıڣԭΪ֮
һȺΪ̽ӣɫĲԭԵ֡̽·ģҲҲû׼Ա߸ǱҲֵóԾ
̽ǷɢˣһŵŬķԽһСɽſڵϣͣҲƽΪ׳һĻ
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˹Ӵ֣Բ۾ɵģҪֵԺ룬ʮʮǶôӴһ档
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һܿһĻص
ǳԷ׽ǺˮʮһҲһޱȾгĺƴ󶯾
粨Ƕ֮ʼ޽ʱ
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Ϊ޹ϵĵһǿһ꣬Ҳ߱Ե塣սҲı־ţȫ١
ȻһһɶӰȻʷ鵱Уɲսɾʷһش־һشڵ㡣
ɵսԱ߸ʵӦ˵ߵսȥս𺳾޵¡صǳУսȫʧܡ
գԭĳЩ˿ڣҲǱĹ¾ʿ壬ѴɾϤȥˣǩ֮ˡ
ݵĲҰܣδӰսϾǾ޻ΩûԿĶ
ɵĶ·սΪ˿ŵ֮󣬶·սǳ˳ʣµľǱս
սԶͱΪףܼưʮ߽
һרΪ߼츩սĸ̨ϣĽ¶˷֮ɫһսְܱҲƾս
ɫû緢ļ󡣷һǵģҲû˸¶һ˿Եá󶼶ͱսͳ˧³ǡ
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Ը̽ӣﰵ޲𺳵ĸпǴɣһ֮ơ
ûٹı߸Ϊɺ֮սһ˫½ܼͶ볬ٶ
󣬿궼й˹ģսˡΪ˾עĽ㡣

һе֮Ĺͷһе֮Ȼ޷Ա
ۺϹǿ籱ƣƽҲֻʮָҰս°طƽҲֻаʮ
ߵļţ޵ľƶȣ;˼룬ԲĳЩ޽ӽִӡ
˵ֵϸ»֣Ǿ˼Ȼת䡣ô״Դɣ൱ƵƶԼְҵƶȣν⽨۷֮
ѧĶ٣ԻȨԼʵԼԱ˼롣ʹ͢䣬ѾתֱӼӵĴʹֽľƶȡ
ȨԼΨҶ𣬳ڸƶȣԼƶȣƷ⽨ʱ۷
߽߸ûҶƶһĸı䣬Ϊʶ֣޵ĸԼƶȣ쳣ɫ
ʱĴɵıսΪڹ缯оս顣
ʵϣ޽ʱյĸֳƶȣԲƾնģʵǶ֮Ȼĳɹ
ΰ˵Ҫ
⻰˶ԣڸں״֮󣬴ƴһңҲѧϰĸǾ޾ϵߣκȣƵȸҲᾡѧϰ
ǲѧϰϸµģͳͳΪСˡ
ԣܿĳЩСиϡŹֲƶȣΨǸǿƶȷǳơ
ܶǰϵıӺڵͳһץõĵֱӰѾսӱ
սͳ˧³ǣԾãԺͳһ˿ءսͳ˧һǴӾõǹء൱ܲıܲıǸܳһι˸ְ
³һܺദĴͳ˧ָսŵһ¡Եͷ·
Բ䣺ǣΪоᡣ
ʱޱߣϰĴӪУһ֧ԼĲɱڵսǰ
ޱ޽ˣһսУһ˻һͼһ˵ͬʱܿͱûˣŷǶô
սһ㣬ƺ򲽱Уƺдļ
ĳȻЦٸһ룬ǸҲ̡³΢˼ͷʾͬ⡣
򲽱Ҳֻһ˻ת۾ͻսһˡǴɺĴսܼƲսߴһٶ
ǽ죬սս˫Ծ½Ͷ˲½ʮı
ܼƴԼʮˣһһۿ߼ʵսϣɱս
һ·Լʿʮ˵սϣҲһööӣսͳ˧ȥΪһööն׳ȥﵽսĿġ
һעҪ˵ĴսѾչʮˡ
һսոһյľĽɱ˫ıÿһʮ˵ĴսÿһζҪɱ˫ʮѪⷽԲȾʺ졣
½Ͷյ˷һϮ
³ǵ˻ЦˣʮΪնڰҪҲһȦˡ
ɴӪСǧٵı۶սԵʱ򣬺Ȼ뻮һڿնȫս鼼
ٶȣ˴ֲսϿգսһһĻǡôĿס·
ͳ˧ɫ䣺ջӪ
ʱĴɾװﱼ۳ſֲĹߣٶȲ죬ȴƲɵ
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֮ǰ鱨Ҳˡ
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531 ض
ض飬һ˷ǣѾˡ
˵أԲ١ƴɱսκΪнף񺺾½֮Ҳսпɹ飬Ϊ½ס
ߵһϷԣҲһе˵
ܲٺ߼ϽףձǶϽս飬ǾŵλȻкŵľȻλ͸˲١
Ȼµ񺺾ţͰµ񺺾ţԲһΡܲٺͲاȻ
һսŵĽλɵǾŵʼΪɹУһʵ
ߴ飬Ʋ̫ںͺΪ˼ͨнף¾Ű˳ɾнסʼǰ˼ͨϽף¾ŶϽס
Ҳ˵ʢƾźǿţʼΪĻϣձﵽļнϵΪؾŸܴﵽļϽף
ļϽףʲô⵹ϸĵĲһ
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弶ۣ൱̥Ϣ𵤣壩أ൱߼൱ԪԴơ
˹һȽϣͺܺˡ
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ͺñȴɵĹƵĳھζǽΪɵģ屶ķо
ҲãҲãǿҲáڻҰս͵طͬʱҲоԼ֡
ȻȽؾžǾ߱ơ˵˵ҲԲη塣
κǶϽ׾ţлӪļ񡣱ؾŵƾӥʿҲս鼶
֮󣬼ǧͻƵϢǧͻƵϢߴһϲĳЩ²⡣
ܶ˶˵ܣһͻ֮ܡߴʱˣǧܿһͻΪۣȫû׼֮ܲ
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˸ӿϲҲûϲͷ
ǧҲãҲãİϣΪȻʹﵽͻƵĵزˣǳٳһˡǧܲһˣʱͻҲֵþȡ
޶ȵӳ׳ʱڣľԪʼţ˥ϵı־ͻˡ
ǧܵͻƣһϢҰȸԶͻƵ⡣
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һؿϱĸȻһ䣺ONLY YOUҰһꡣONLY YOUȹһһӰONLY YOU
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ķͽΪ
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Ҳ൱һ֣ѾͶЧߴͶЧ߸˻С
֮Ϊ׵һˣ߾ܾ˵ġ˵ڱ߸ûְҲ̫ʣ֮һȻҪ
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Ϊһʴͷˣ̸ĿеѣҲһõѡ

׼֮ߺһͶΪˡ
ڹӣҲ̹Ͻˡ˵ģ˵ˡ
һ֣Ϊ˼̳һ۵־صعԵʶܶˡоʦ켶ʦȥǰ˽·ˡ
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ʼͺһ
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ĵһһ޸ȥ֮һƲȻ´࣬ŰĲ١
޸
ʱҲֵ·ɿĳ֡
ߺౣͬͬʱɡɲǣеս黯Ϊһɷ֮Сһڱȫ
һɲǣޱȣʹü鴤
ˣ


532 ͻƣͻƣͻƣ
ɷ֮簩ϸɿɢ
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Ȼս̻һּΪɷ֮Ļ֮ˣȻΪЩɷ֮γɵġ
ӴˣҲ֪һսһ嵱УǶôصһ׮¡ǺսйصƣټȴܹеģҼƶٵзֱ
ͺñһֶص˲ҪʦרŵƷ
ǿߣһƵս鳶ϸϵƣһץϹ
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Ӧ׼һҩʦġ֣룬󺰣ߣҶסʱƣ
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߳Ծѣмͷ
õһֵʦϲŻֶΣȰһ׭Ȼʱֻϱ߰ƾͳˡ򵥣׭̺ķֱ𣬾Բһ
ֻкٵļֶزʣܳ׭ƣܵͲֲھ޸أ⵱Ҫĳʡ
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׭һȥ΢һЩ
ӣƤ⣬һۿɼķʽٵıɷ֮ʴ⽥ή
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취һа취ݣҾͲţһʦ
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߹ԸǷʦܿѧƶôУеգ֪ʦء
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ڼǧܰĽһʩΪ֮ήʱˡ

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󺰣׼һ
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˵ǰϢ߾ȻһʱееӿȻ
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ߵİɽԺܵĵط
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ʱ򣬳򣬰˲Ҳ齴˵ء¸ܼˡ
廨ǹԶɽǱˣͻƵʱ򣬰˲ҲһʱͲˡ
ͬΪŸ֣˲˶԰Ȥ
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һؿżǧܣϼ֪ͣܵ⣬ЦЦɡǧ̲סϲôЦԵãĵӡ

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˭Ǳ̬˭գգۣ壬оΣ
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ǵһҲһ
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˲ЦͰתʧˣʣһڿտĻƮƮã

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һսߴһʮĴģսڷԲĴԭϽУսβ
ΪһµĻսɺսҲǡһ죬ɷڼ³ǣԼ˵ϯϾ⣬˾Եսۣ
Ըظ̽ӣܲսһĿɿڴı׳һĻ𶯡
սֻһ⣬Ǿ
Ĵɾ㳲סͶսÿһͶսľӣٶһ·
սȴʵѹʣʮĵݡһһĵѹһһĴɾͶս
ĲԽԽսѹҲֻӦս
Ҫս޿ˡһγģĴսս֮ǡ
սţͳϽıźͳ˧Ķǣ·Ĺơڴ˻սҲ˴ܲıսԾơ
ƣִɾսͼʱѾıˣ޿ˣֻܱĲһδս
һλսĴ󲿷źͶϱһ·ʱ򣬾Ѿʵˡ
ɾʮ㳲һͶսѹȴ޿ˡ
ؽǱսԵսۣ
ڴɾֲսͼ£һһɥʧƣʼܵʱܣѳɶ֡
ǡһ죬߸ʼ
ɾڷԲıսһһҹݲߵĻսԼҹķ׷ȡöؼսʤͬʱ
߾ϣ̤״ŵ;


534 еս
ڱսӭһʤû覴õĴʤ
ȥ죬źͶܼưʮ߽
֪ȻϵطȻܶԱܱߴ
Ϊ缫ʢĹȣΪͷžǿгŵĵ̡ƾʮţһս˴ɱоԵţ˾ееäĿˡ
źͶһʵ֤ɵͷžǿԲ˵
һһ·ʮս߱սıУ
εĴսڽʽһսУսɾһսȡս۵ľʤһ˳ʮӡ
⣬Ҳľһս볹ױսۣܼʮľ
һβսĴսǶɵġɷȫʤ׷Ҳķ˼ʱ䡣
ԲսʮƵĽʿѪȾ죬ֹӵģҲдѪǴɾġ
ףķ٣Լݵȴɵ׵񻯸֣Ͷս񻯸ֲ¡
ȻҲһսóױͳ˧һ˿һĹǣЮܵͬʱ´Ъ˹Ҳռľ
ͳ˧Ҫ񻯸֣֣й˼ɣϧһд۵ɱ˴ɾͨʿڵС
񻯸֣޼ɵƾԵֶκɱɾʿϧɱսеԼˣҲҪɱɾ
񻯸ӦֱӲսֱɱͨʿ
һ඼ĬϵĹأصԴ˵׵ģܹкܶ෽Ĵٳɡ
񻯸ֲս޼ɵɱ֮սУɱġе֮սնһĻ
սļ³ͷһԤϡ׵ȴ񻯸ҲʱսרŻ֡
׼ɾȻ񻯸սսٸߴʮϡ
ˣȻһ˲ĻԻʹʤ˴սۣϹȥһĴСսۣ˳ɵ
ѾװɵĿڴС
еĹע޵ıսעεĻԻʹʤ
һδʤһɨɾǵĲҰܡɾԼ䣬棬ɾȻµһǿֻҪԸ⣬ʱܹɨһеˡ
Ҳսų⡣
ʱ˿ֻ̣мˣע⵽߸Ϊ߸״š
ĳЩ˸ע⣬ҲˡҲ⽫սŵһ̤϶ŵĵ·ҲǸ˶սһᡣ
٣ĳЩлҿսɴ
ĳʱڣ޵ʷֻ˲ļ׮¡һǴɶľսۣһǳõı߸һη˶ս

ƺսζ
Ѫݣʤζһγһֶصϲζ
һ˴ٶȴŽݱӱս˷иɾ
ƽϣɾһӴĺΰĳһԾϲĴ𣬷УͿշУ׼
ŵ𱻷ȥҵȡɵģڷݶϿ񱼺ݱݱʤȫʮ
ɿڳдĺѽݱеİա֮ϲ񣬺ܿںͻС
⺷ʢУսǿĴɰ
ǵĻȸԾУԷ糾͵ʹɵ۵ĵһǣ£ݣݣʮƽָտɴ
ɵɫ䣬ױʾ֪ӱƣˣȥϢɡ
˲࣬ɵޱ飬͵üͷšһ飬һȼһĵһЦֻЦúǿ豦ڽΪĽ￴ɫȴмϢ
ûеĻɴ㵣̧ͷ£ʲôˣ
豦ĻɽүǧͻƳΪˣ
ʲôɫ䣬ĿⶸȻ
豦˵ڲסǺ𾪣ǰ鱨鱨ǣͻΪҹڣҲͬʱͻΪڡ
Եɫ˲ˣһζĺ鲻ðϹƺҪȷʲô豦
豦֪ʲôսǰ񻯵ġ
߳ʲôҩʲô̶ʹϾϸܵĺԵĶͷ֣֣һͻƣһνסô
ɤɳƣǻɰͰ͵ģôȻ˵ȥˡ
ĬȻΣͳһνףҲкЩʮۣʷҲмȻ˳ʮڣл̤֮ˡ
ɵһȭڰͷһͷ豦Ҫ˵
˵ߵΪͻ֮Ҫ˵ġɵۣҪһ׮¡
豦һȻ߸ˣڽߵСԹ
ߺڼǧܺ;ͬ£ǰСԹǣ
ռŵĴУ豦Ļͺ׹

СԹʹ
ߣ޳ܣ
Թ׸ɫ෢ϵŭ⣺ݱԹǱ߸ռȥԹδǵ鷳ǾȻ޳ܵҪԹߣǡСɡһ֣Ȼĳ˲ҪƤ¡
߲˼ش֣Цʵ׸Ȼô˵е㲻̫˼һ˵һ䡭ߺȻɫܱκҪ޳ʮЦĿɨӣƩ磬ֻҪԸ⣬ɱԹҡɱԹĹԱԹյĲƸǵŮˡ
Թʵۺ׸޲һ£ɫɷס
ߺܳϿҵǷ£ţҾóҲԲκѹҲӲΪʲô£˯ž
ģ£Ҳ׸ˣĪҪ߹ߵ˸͵£
һӾǻеսеսɡԣԹǡǶôҪôģôƷµ˲ŸҹȻô˵
ǻҲһء
ǧܺ;ɫŹ֣鴤εظһۣתͷȥٿ
߾ôһһԡȻֱ̹ϵеɰôӵһʵС
廨֪ãȴ̲סʱ߼ֱһɢ˵
ԹʵһڱϣԹ׸Ǻŭ⣺ߣͽڶǣң
ҿһС׸ܿҿѵڵݼ˲ˣ尡ûⱾǶšҪôɣǧܵһŹߡ
Цݲ䣬ֺ˵죺ҲңҲң
ָűӿЦ޷ָ峬ָֹۣҾǿҵʱʲô
ʦ
ǧΣΪʲôͽܵĽƴ˫ءҲ˵ͷϢֲϢ˲ͰԹǸס
ԹΨһڣͱǷ켫ϢѹƵžһµϥڵϣ֣£ۣ
Թ״͡
˦һָʦ֮ۡ£˭ùʦ˭ΪԹֹ


535 ̲Թ
ӭչսԹ֮⣬ɭȻ
ϴġ񡱣˸еãȻ
νһޱ޽磬񺺾гһսȻ̬ڳǽ֮⣬ڳǽһҲ·ûб߽һ
սûһȻֻۣû˻ǰֻΪȻһûз
սļ̫ˡͬһ֪ηм֯ԣ־ûԸ֮֡
ս
ԹҰܵ鵱УһֳصȴҲδزһ־ŭϲý֯ɵĹŹ
ӳǽԹʵȻ֪̲ˣȻ޷ˡ
ʵ˻ʱ¶ߣ޸Сľ֪Ҳף̲ǳġСԹеСᱻ̲
ǾͲܡԹ϶֪仰϶
ֿˣǾͲΪԼҲΪԹȡһЩõĴõĴ
Ƕ˵ƾ˴ۣԼߵս߸ǳãȴǵ֮ľǿˡ
Ȼ϶ͶЧδ˻ʣҲԲġߵĵڶǡСɡδδزܳΪ˻ʵһڡ
ٳ£ѡԹҲҵһЩοҵһЩô
ǣԹʵش
һۣһƽΡԹʵ쳯͢ٹ٣³ǣſڡԹʵ΢΢һ죡
Թʵ۵Ļȴ˲䴫ȥһɲǣǽµĽʿԼ񷢳˵ĳסڱʼ
ǵĿУԹ˫ۣһһӡٹͨţĽµͬʱ⣡
ΪһӴˣԹ
ԹĲƺҲƺ׳
в̣Ȼ˱£һʱбҪȴǧȻסĪҪܽڣ

µһĻ˵жмȻĸܣȴҲΪһ׹ڹ齵ܽķȽڡ
ǧ޸Ĺ齵ܽһ׮൱Ƶ¡ǽٹʱƵƽÿ
ǶޣвʮСҡһҲϡԣȻȻγһ׹ڹ齵ܽķȽڡ
ߺܺ棬ԼΪߣҲΪ޲Ƕ硣ԵʵʹȻøڹ齵ܽһ㣬Ƚϵû̫ѹ
йŴһԵйϾɱϧǣǺټҲ̫ܷγɣкܶԵʣһߡ
һǣ۲˵߸ҰƱǧλԻ֣˲ʹȱҲԲ
ͲҪ˵ˣ߸Թǣ߾˳ɻΪǡδػִСִˣ߸ĸĹҲܻܿϴְˡ
ͳͳˣ˲鷳ԹĽߣҲ᲻ϧ۵ƴϮߺͱ߸Ա
ϣصյִĹԱ
߸Ҳչ
Թ֮ǰԹʵǷ񣬵ϥ£˫ָ߸ߵķϵͳı׳ĴϣԹٹ١
齵߸
Թ£Ϥĵϥ£סͷͱʹ
ĪռȾҲûûεıʾûغԼŮ𣬷ֱ߸Ĺ佫Լ
һǰȡһشĹ٣ȡҲԢĹι佫ȡӽԢ佫ء
ŮȡǾۣԢ񻯸ּڱΪ
½תΪʽ覡
ŷǰԹʵۡһҪĲ裬ҲӰĲ衣
Բʾ²ӣԢܽ߶Թ齵ߵ̬ȣҲ˱߸Թ̬ǰ룬ųʹѹ
˵̵ܽУشӰľһڡϵģϵҵѡҲϵͳΡ
һܽʽɣʾȭһӡ񺺾ŵκӵȽɿӦĺХ
κӵȽͷ񺺾ŵĽʿҲͬʱɽХ·ף

Թ齵ҲҪ¡
غԹҲȫȻΪܽʽΪ˽ӹԹ;
Թĵ֣κα߸ûСѾͷҲ޷ȡߵֻʱȿ֮ټȡҲ١
Թ˵󲻴˵СҲС޵عϡ˿ܶȲ綫ޡԹ˿ڴԼǧ򣬽ԼʡʮݣһٲȻݡǰ֮أǹԹ
Ҫе㲻˼ռϾ̲ԹϿ϶еεġ
ڱ߸ս˵̲Թȴͨ뱱ƵͨǱģҲкܴʵ塣Ͼ߸ڵʳʣǴӱġ
߲߻ƽٰ֮󣬲֪ǹĻģôʵģҡİѻƽ
ø·̻ᶼƽ뷽跨ǰ߸סԣṩʱڳּ½ơ
ʵ˵ǴͨͱƵͨ˵ǺͳϽΧϾڱƵʡߵ·ս
Ȼ˵·ܹ죬¾˿һꡣȴûһֱƮǹ졣
ԹһͨҲͨ߳ɡʣµɣҪԹϷСƹϷСɹ
ԹĵΪӣҲʵҪ䡣СѵֿԣԹ˿ǧȴֻдԼʮܱΪսͺֵôˡ
йǱλмңҲͺðһЩ˴ҪָǣǱǱˣȴûκαƵְʵѾߵ·ղˡ
񣬾ɺң²
ߴȥ߸ְһ֮٣ֱӵһ˦ƹҲ֮࣬ս֮࣬żʱԹɺң΢һˡ
ǧܵҲ൱˵۾֮£ʵеûǶˣҲں
˥ˣͻˡǧͻ֮󣬾ͲıʲôˣרʽǡλͲزˣҲܰ߸ɵ˫á
һǽᣬҪҰ˲ġȻˣȡòƷʸҲܲڹ翪ϲ֮߹ϰᡣ
ʣ°ᣬһֱЯϣ޹ΣǱܵΣС
һ֪ȫû׼֮ܲ߾Ҳûһȫһ


536 𶯣
ĳʱĳء
СԹ̲ˡ
Ŷ
˵СԹ߸̲ˡ
Ŷ
ŭէȻ㾿û˵
Ϭ̧ͷŶ
㣡ĪҪΪ˿㣬ǵҡˡŭϢҡ
Ϭ̧ͷ˹˵Ҳ֪СԹǣٱף߸һᷢġ
ңҲ㡣֪߸ţʲôʲô
ŭ棬İ𣺡Ҫһ취
ܱǸϬ˹Ƿ£޼ƿʩȻб£ֱӵǹƥȥɱⱱ߸ɱߣɱǧܡҾ㡣
ŭĶΪ˭ֺ̧¡һϬ磬һֻϸ
ѻһϣֵĲãԼˣеʲôһ٣赭ģǵġ
ѻĪǷҪסˣƢҡ
ˣԬǴ룬ŭʲôʱˣĳƢӡߺͱ߸Ҫʲôʲôޡ
ԬŤʹ˵һһʵڵߣڵı߸ǵģ
һһʵȻҪһǳѵ¡Գϣòϡ
ǧΪ׵İ˴ۣߵսⲻܶԸģҲǴɸǵġ
ʱյı߸ӵеǾǿʵ
ǼǵãҲǣɫҰף߽ԱıߵһΪ䵽ˣ˭˭Ƕǵã
Ϭ絭ؿˣѻһۣ꣬ʱҪݷ꣡
Ȼлᣬʵǽȡʱ
ն

ʹ
ʵԼʮ࣬긻׳ͣ컨壬Ȼǿˣ˭
̴㵣̫⡣һ̫شˣۡۡ
أ߳һ߶ƺġ
̫࿴ֵ̣ͬɽһİ̶ˣ񲢲ڣڣֻҪ֣ûһġԣǿۡ
۵΢΢¶շתΣǿľӣʲô
ɾһ㲢ھĸָ£ԼƵս˵ɾǿ󡣰̼۲ÿɷһͻ³֣ս
ʣôɾСսйʮϵȫû
ĬȻûгʤܵľӣǹµһĴɾǣƾǿĹ;ӣҪ˵սģսۼĹģʧҲΪɾսʧܡ
ȥ֮սɾ˰ģҲµĲҰܣһȫû
ڳУȻתĿ˭µһǿ
һΣ亹ֱûҸһʵĻشȥɾĲҰ̫żȻԣս̫ءսĵϸû˸Ҷԡ
ɾµһߣʵսµһ
һͷƺ߸̲Թ־¡߸ǿۣ¿ǿľӡ
̣˵޵ͱ߸֮䣬õһʲôĹϵ
ɻʹҲƵһȤĻ⡣ȻķӦȣɵķӦҪǿҡ
ɾ۵ģǱ߸Ƿ־¡һĴ𰸣ɵҪߵľգϴɵĸ֪ġ
ǺҪⱻգֻƴУ˳ָһƹֹһͳ¡ûвԵԸǴҪġ
ҪǣҪֹɣֻвԡңⲻߵԸҲǼǧܵ˵Ը
δ󣬱ضٱ߸һעĶ֡ɵڣɾĵȻǱ߸ơ
ۣԼصս
ⲻνǱڵĶ֣Ѿ̨Ķ֡ƽЭ飬Ϳˡ
˴۳Ҫȥвֻµģɵ۲⡣Ҫģصս
øλе뱱߸ս֮ǰһҪսĵϸսĸ鱨ԼսȵȣҪ̽
Ӫ˽սģʵҲࡣɾþԲһδ֪ϸĵоսûôɡ
豦ƺƣ߻ٶս̽Ҳûᡣǰ߸̱ƹ
ԣ豦ĬΣһɿĽ飺ȻҪ̽ս鱨ǾҪս֡߸һضСɹСƹ
豦һˣû˵꣬ɵڣȫ۾һô졣
˰нӴС跨ٶ뱱߸սɵ񽻴Ϊ˸һЩԮŵҲԡҰЭָս
Ӣ׸ޣһһܽҿսɴһҲӻ߸׳Ĳ
ɵۿ졣ʱǽʱڣյա߸ס

̲Թ־߸ı׳󣬲ԡ
˵һǳǿҵźš
Թһ̶ûת۾ͱһ¡һССݣӵʮԹľ֮
Ҫ㹻ʵ㹻θڣֵҪģǳҰģҪΪҲ޷
Ϊٵķͺ壬Ұĺıһ¡
ͶЧ߸˺ߣ޲ȸԾôǱ߸ĺʵ档
ڱսľսۣڷٵɢӰҲ𶯾ޡ
µһǿһ֣ȻʵǷսĽսۣǾԵģѳɶ֡
ȱ޸޲еջһʰͺñȱԱľºвһһĶϲչˡ
۴ɺɵ۱ߵϷٴΣʼһȻǾΨһϵ֮֮ϵĳ
һʧȥǣƣһĴɣ˸еƸǶϢѹˡ
ҰܣҲһ൱ȷźš
֪ԲǶֻ֣ƴ£˹һˡ
޵ıƸ֪ս鱨ҲڵһʱӽսĵĳﱸԴսϲǼӿ˻սĽࡣ
޵ٺʹҲսƴ˿ΪһҪ
ߣû˵ߵĵսĵ
սǲҪ˿ڣҪݵصġ㱱߸ݿıҲܴݵƨɣתȥɾװʾ˳չʲôʱġˡ
˽Ĵս
Ĳκţʣʮн׾š
δ񺺾ţʱдԼʮ½׾š
ͭĴ־ۣԼڵľ꣬Ըһĳţࡣ߻ûһš
˵ɶԱ˰
ߺȻ֣ţԺбҪഢһЩ۵ľꡣ
Ҳɺϣ޵һ죬۶ɼظеһֺ䣬ĳ˳·


537 ˵е·
ƹλڱ޶Եƹʽţ˶ڿͷϸСһСʾСû˸Сû
ǣԹͳСԹƹͳСƹ
ƹĵ൱᫣ΪɽеɽˮζΪƹޣϱгڣǲһ㣬ʵҲǽΪԣ
ӽСƹĽʵͱƲࡣֻ᫵ɽ̫ʺס
ҲãҲã˿ܶȲԶԶûﵽ͵ĵزܶնĵǲסˣǸûҪȥ
ƹ˿ԼΪһǧ˰򣬵ƶնȴҲиĵĸ֮ءʳԼǧʯÿʯٽԼ󣬻ܳ൱һ֡ǱޱҪ֮һ
渵һֿȣ⣬ƹжʯز٣аƵҩҩݺϵϡңƷʯز
ƷʯһϣԽ쵱УƷʣҲҪıʡͣ۸Ϊ
غһˮΪ˻ƵɤӣƹԱ߸Īĺô
ߵͷ˽ƹľõǱˡ
Զ֮սû֮ǰ߾÷ԶĸӰȱͳ˧ˡһˣ߲ſƵķ֣Ȼȱ㣬ȴǲɻȱġ
覵ľ˾ˣҲǵطܳΪҰսͳ˧ǱƱϣ
Ծɿκǰ·ҵģȻŬѧϰָӣ˸߼졣
ʣĺصὫ죬𣬿ɶǴмͼεģҲԶǷȱ
Զû֮ǰһϵͳ˧һûܶˣҲšСѾͷΪͳ˧ҪͷȲѡ
˹Ǳһۣʾһ¡ǱҲ˿ڲֱӵƹʮﵽʮеطʮҰսְ·ʮ򡣡
죺ƹʵ۶ҲеҰġ
ЦҲδʲôҰģֻ˻ʵǰԼһЩ롣齵ʱ򣬲ܵõõĴݡ
⻰Ҳ˵˺ܶСʵ۵ָֿ˻ʣǶȻûܣСΪȡ齵֮һ㡣
覸Թʵ۵ŵǣձ߸ַ̳ͬʱҲһ볯Ϊٵƣ⵹ǿ̱ǶԴ齵Ĺء
Թǵһ齵ĹңʵõġֻҪԹʵھӪδزܳΪһδ߸Ĵҡ
ңЩΪۣЩǻ齵֮γɵġΪԵɣԹ齵岢ʲôɵ䱸
Сƹ˿΢һЩ΢һЩδؾͲܳΪе֮
ʵӴصȸϢƹе֮Ҳֻһ֮ˡκڴɵƤ£̫ⱻ顣
ܱߵشͱûе֮ûԵʵġǴɾĥʯǴɻķ֧иĴɡ
ȻһڴɵıϢ±ǼֱΡ
޵ıƺͶȹǸϴ˥ܣҼе֮ΧŴγǣƣҲδؾл
˽̵꣬ȡĲݣ«һ裺ûʲô˵ģļһҲ߶ʮһȰסһ˵
ǣǱȽϤ

⿪֮ǰߺͼǧܵȶȥƹˡ
ƹʵ۾ⲻϹ齵ǧܲɱĥ߾ҲҪĥ£Ǿֻǿսˡ
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СѾͷˣץסߵĸ첲ҡֻΣŴ߸磬Ҫأ
ûõģҼǰʱҲҵġƲ컵ЦҪʹˣȾͱֵŪģСѾͷʶһʲôȾ
۰СţЦԹǺƽ˳ûս£û̫Ŀ֮ġЩʱ򣬵Թ񿹾֮ĽȥļһЩԭʮӣΪҲѡѡҲܳҰսһľط
߸ĿǰаɽΪӣǰսҲбؾ˽Ҳȥս˵·ӣ򱱲߸ƴ˿ϣˡ
²һɫľս룬߸ҲҰսΪط
Ϊ֮أ⺷ƽֵҲ൱ߵˮ׼ϣһѵıԴء
룺Ȼ˳δӦļԼԱȫԼҰսĳɫߡСѾͷһصͷ
ӱƺʹһľӣԼΪĸΣγһṹ־񣬾Լ
ӴĶʮͶɣΪΪͨ
ΪϺã൱ϱ;¼졣
Ǿɴְҵϱ;ɵģսս־ǳǿ
־Ǿ͸ˣƩջӪ͹սľ־дЩսľ֣ζҪеľ
ɵߵ־ǾûҪرָˡһɫΪɣһɫװһ˵ȫû塣
ɵҪ䵽ĵزҲͲԶˡ
ҲСѾͷ齨һ֧һɫɵġ־ء
߾ܺã˵ɸӣȴһɫľǡǴɾ񲿶ӵĵΣ
ߵüëŤʼˡ

˵ǹǣеģʵһ
һ򱱲߾ڹذǰǲһǧһƳ˷ëƵذ±ߴڡ
һһ£Ϊ΢һģԼߴʮɵĹذӾͱʿȥˡ
κγͷϷ¸ֳصĹľʯʿȥһһĿѪ¡
һһǧͷŴִ˻ȥεشӣ治˵ΪװǾˣɱ߾кܶ඼û˾Ĵ̹
乥ս߲ޣǽû壬һ׵ĸ߶ȣһҲȥˡ
ھޣҰսû˻ʲôսسս
ι֮һûϹսı߾ͷŻʿ߿üͷս־Ҫ˵ʹɾȣǱȱƾҲһһ¡
ƹ˼ƣҲ֪ǷӽˮˣȻнʿڹذ򣬴Ϲ£ʲô߸ҲͲʵ
ߣ覣ǹؼȥ̰ɡ
Ƥʱͺˣ浱ǲء
ߺȻһЦһ˷绯Ϊһâǧذ±ߡ
ָһһʮɵĿֲ˲Ĺذϣ
ذһ𾪺ĳڶϾת۾ҪһӶݶȥ
üëһһȴǻһֲɫĻĻӹ𷢳ĲҺն
֮ƴڱ߾ƺͭǽڵĹذѺۣ¡¡ĳױ
ĹŶͷվڷǰͷǺȹˣǴ˵е·̣
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538 ɾţ޵ɾ
ذ䣬δٳƹĹ齵һЩϡ
߱ΪЮһƹͻȻȻıȹ齵ءӴƹƺ൱ǿķġ
߲Ϊ⣬ΪΪͷΪţ˼ʵЩ꣬˵룬ȻҲףھޣΪͷ˼벢̫ǿҡ
ǣҲûȻҲûǴɺĳЩڰԮƹƹʵŵ֣ٳβеս
ʱû뵽һֱ벻
ɵۺ豦ȣ൱ȷʶ߳ῴĳЩµģҲûʲôǸͷԡԸԮƹ
ʱ֪֪Ҳδ̫⡣
ذһս˵߾ȱʵսһᣬܳΪսսһ䡣
սţ˵عǡεϤҲܲϣսҲһЩĵط
͵ģǱֻ֣Զ޵ϸ¡⣬ս
޵սģʽ͵Ŵսģʽв֡ˣս˼룬Լװϣ൱ķ硣
װýսһս˼룬սԼս򣬾㡣
˵սûսҲ˵ս󡣶ս̳еһս˼룬Էھ޾Եòʱˡ
һӣľ޾ӣһϽâΪĵоһʿ֮ľ룬һװ뵽֮䡣ܶȣܼ
ȻսȴǱһս˼룬ֵսܶȡһâֻɱһʿսУɱ
ȥսۣսսˣҲⷽԭ
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װð죬սıǾ޵װ
ս˼Ҳð죬źϵȽͨԣ˸ǻ۵ģ˵û̳һļ䣬ȴ̳һĲȻ
ڹսḶ́ͷµ佫ڸսսսȴͳͳڿٵӦޡ
ܶ⣬է⣬ųԶһҲͲˡ
ߵ⣬Լǧܵ˵Ҹ棬ϣͷϵоǽϱ߸µС
˺бҪһҸ档Ҳڿǡ

߾һڽƹһڳǷҪ˷ʱϱߣ൱һ׮¡
̸˳Ȩһδεʵսϰñ߾ٵսгɳ
ʱһѵĴС˵ûʲôΪҪˡ
ƹɹǱҪµģڽ߸һҡΪɵЭ飬߸򱱲չҲȥᡣ
˴бҪһ±߸ĵλá
߸ණ޴Լǧ˵Ƿ߾Ǵɺͱ̲ǰԼһ̲С
ϱɹԹ̲Թ֮󣬾Ͳƹ붫޽
ǷҪ£Ҳ˵ǺʹɵЭ飬߸ߺͱûſռģͱȻֻ򶫲ϲšƹɹǱҪ̽ӵġ
ƹڶ޺ͱ޵ļз֮䣬ǡӵһڡڶϴ򿪵ߵƹһС֮䡣
˵ڵı߸λвߺһƹܳװѴɵƤ£˵ڴ֮һѵ
ӱ߸Ϊһͳ·ϵƽУΪߣΪ߸ĵλʵ̫ˡ
Թƹɹ˱߸ȶŲ衣
ԹýɹҲýΨƹĿǰֳϵĵֿȣӵԼĪʮûߵսôƹĶ֡
Թƹɹ߸ʮʡĽԼĪǧ˿ڣȻΪԵĹϵδܳһͷ߸ıԴضٵÿ
̲ٵùһˣҲʮʮ󣬲ָļԱ
ԣս߸һۣҲԲ߱κεʸ񣬸Ϊев
һǧܵԣҪߵΪκΣƹҪ£ƫƫѲ
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ߵһǧܵȰ˶빦һȥ֮ǰٵӵ൱ԱȻµһһû۵ıϣǽɳ̲ϡ
Լǧܵ˵ߵΪҪԱ߸˵ߵΪ߱ͬ塣
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ǧܵ˵Ȱ棬߲ʤţĩˣ֮ڿƵðɣҾͲһԣ
Ƿܳȥר
˵⻰ʱһ˵ĹŹ֣·һ˼ɡ

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һ̿ˮ֮ɫһ𾪵ʵΪ߾ʳ
ģεȽֱӾˣ˵ǼʣĽһԵְԴɵġ־ԸߡҲɫְס
ΪӸ䣬ԼҲǾݳ޵ˡǴҲӲô
ְ֮ҡͷѣ򲻳սˡݳ޵Ķڣǳⷽ棬͸Ӳ˵ˡ
ڵĹŴսսھޣΪ߳Ĺϵַܳս
ʷзսκһγɹķս¼沢оľ漣
ƹΪɽصΣһʺϴսĵطҲмܲס޳ܵĶ򰡣
κְ˺ϼһƹܲɽ֮УĴɽ֡Ա߾һͻϮ
һҪش߾ʹ߶սְ˵ǽ飬ͬ
ս£߾ƽٶȻûöսⲢְ뿴ģɿϸԮŵƹҪûڳսŵȱ㡣
Ϊ˲ץѱɵġ־ԸšΪ׵ְ˲࣬Ҳ۾١ǣÿһǾþɳĽ죬߱Ŀ⡣
ְ˹ȥһɽͻսȻڻ¡ְ֪ûǰǿǴɴ
ְָӵһͻȻڱ߾ϣһɧ֮󣬴սȻ·Ӻɽֵӿıڳ
ְ־ԸŲϲãüˡսڿϳˣ
ǣսֵı仯ǧƵսʿ䣬һ⺷ޱȵĴɽɱ֮һתۣǿޱȵսתս֡
Ϣս⺷
ְζ޲ɫ䣬ŭؿɽսʿսȻޱϤɽսعĴ󣬲ɱƹ
ƴӰ־Ըţ
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539 ֮ͼ
޵ɾɣɽսΪ񺺾֮һ
յգ͸֣չӰ֯ɸְߵ㡣
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޵ɾɣν²η벢ɽսı߾ͬ޵ɾɽսʿ
һŭһɱ޵ɾƽ޵ɾŭŸëȻĺһĳɱɽУƹɱ
˳ˣνݿ࣡
֪˵ƹΪɽأȴҲδ¾ӶͨɽսҲƹɽս񣬵Բµ
ɽս޵ɾȱسͨƹǿ֡Ϊͨƹ൱Ͻף޵ɾȴǿļнס
̶̰ʱǧƵƹʿ޵ɾϡ
ΪְȽɫǣ޵ɾȻһԳһޱȵĴɽбµУԳһɵҶϡ
ѣѪ½ʿ¾ǣȫǶ֣Ҫˣȴְֹʱܳ
ְȥ̽˼ߵĸ߶Ծ˶ȥ֣Ѽսϸ鱨
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߾Ϯĵطɽеխ㲻ʲôϿȡ
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ҡͷû˵Ĺ˼ɣֻһιȥ
ǧܺ⣺սָսսܳרˡ
߼ǣһԲĿ춨ϡĺ𣿵Ϊսͳ˧һʵûнˡ
սţӵĺ
ս飬ߵĺ
һķģʽһÿһŶγ˫ͷ˧ģʽߵĻЧãͲܲٵĻҲЧá
ûע⣬񺺾ţûͬʱֹòκţûòܲͬʱ֡

޵ɾĳսһʵֻ֤ҪΪ˧ͲκָսϵĲӰ졣
ڣͳϽ񺺾ţؽκս
Ǳս佫߱һľԼָ
ڣô̵ģһô̡
Ȼ޵ɾսޱ鲻һԣȻڼǧܵ˵Ĵߴ£ⶺ˼졣
񺺾ûбһоһפԵ൱ΨһĲͬǣڲ
ҲΪսһͭӪĹϵµƽ߱ĳԸʯ
սһջͭǷսҪʯ䣬ͺԷˮһҪ̫
弶Ϊս飬߱һ˸ǻۣԼҪʯ
ҪʯԷˮһģ弶µģҲսʿҪΪĲͬԼÿһսʿÿҪʯһǮһ֮䡣
һ൱˵֡ĶˣʲôǴһƽ
Ҳ˵һΪģάߣս״̬ÿҪһʮʯʯг۸ߴһﻻһƽ
ݲʯԹĿǰѷֵʯʮҲ˵Թʯֻսս쵽ʮ죡
ָһ㣬ߵһζսĸо
⻹дֱ̣ӾǴǮɡս̵ģˢƽBUGġ
ؾţǿţʢƾšٵάŰ
Ըãָͷһһ飬άս״̬һ꣬Ҳ㹻ôƽı߸ƲΣ
߷ʹޣһƲһΣѵһҪƲƲҲˣѵ˸ҲҪƲ
񺺾ţϱ߾սѳɶ֡
ǰ˻Ӫϸϸ̸һһص㽻ǣԲҪɱս飬Ǹļɵ
ȻٰѴнӪʣϸ֣ؽչʯжչ٣סһҪ͵
Ϊʲôش㵣Ȼսս鱻սʵУʯȴ̫ӣûжټ۸񲨶
հˡ߹Ҳ˶ãһͶЧ߸˺ܶ࣬ҲöĻ죬ν߻ӣҪ鱨ͬһ鱨ɸӡ
غټϰôأæͷʾͷҾ̰졣
ȥִ£Ҫչʯ񣺡⣬ʯΪ߸սʣϽԹʯ
סжҪ٣
սعԺ󣬸ѸӦǰĵͼս飬ҲͳͳսʵУϽһ㣬ܿǿҵս˼
޷Ǿս·ս
߲ⴧһսʯʯַӻΪսʣ򱱲߸
һҲһЩţһһ㱩¶չһЩҲǺõġ
ĵలţŹϵطʮ񺺾ţͼǧԼ򸾣һǰ硣
ĺĹﱾսϱһ£¿ļį߸ˡ

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һץڣһҲڿǸһš
ڹ磬һǸսĿᣬһҲǾĻᡣͺñȲκź񺺾ţڹ࣬˫˫ˡ
Ĵ־۵ľ꣬ߵ˰ˣһֱûãΪ֮ǰǹԪΪڸŵѡز
ܰͻʱĸȾһͻΪڣ֮ģǧܵ˶Ŀࡣ
һԾΪϾھϵѡҲʹһ㡣
峯迼ǡһѡԪʱҲǡ峯ͽʷ֪ʶޣ̫ϤγͳȴƺǴһͳ״̬
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ҲϣҲ׼
ɰ죬˵ͼʱûġҪȻȿͼʲô㡣
룬ϸϸһİһΪοɿĵطǧܵԶţ׼
ڴ
֮Ĺ֮佫֮֮֮ǰս顣
ۣȻȻͼ᲻Ὺս飿
һ쿪ͼ
һĹһԵĸоȵúһӡӵζӿͷ
ǿģȴܸоõͼǳڼ׵ǵҪ
ܺһĲʸУ߲ͭͨӦһ
һ֮¶Źֵ飬ĹɣҲҲҲ̫
ͼ֮


540 ۣ޵ľ
ͼ֮
ɽ﷢죬˼ҲЦҲмֻȻ
֮ķܼ򵥣棬ҲŴ̿ͺԼ䷸˼ˡ
ʤŽǵĻƽƳԳɵĴȫ̫ƽǴʹ´ҵũ嶼С
ε죬ͼһܸŽǵȣҰӴĻƽ
ƽũΪ̫ˣ˵źͳţʼٶǶšôũʼһš
ƽũսųŵĲǵ͵ũĲ
һţ⻹һ߿Цõص㣺ûޡ
жپܸ꣬񳯴һģơȻ㹻ľ꣬䵽һǧһڶ⡣
ʵǣķѵľɱܵͣ͵ó
ɱ͵߷ֵʱ򵱳ľˣëȻˣһ͸Ŀ־塣
һһ١ŵһһǧŵһһŵ֣һ򣬶ߺȻﵽ
ޱȵÿʮ
ʿˮ죬ߺͷȻţһսľ󣬾ԲʲôҲԲһ˿ˮ֡
һɫһ½ս飬սԵǣһҲʵһֲ̫ˡ
һս⣬ֻʣʮ򣬶ʮΪսʿҲ쳣ֲˡ
ͭ㾿ʲôߴ죬ĵ񼡣
Ȼǵò𰸵ģһ𾪺߲רоһ
ͼܸƳҲܸŴͺʹ̿͵ȵȡƩ磬רȵȡ
ĬȻͷӣͼǲãֻҲδ̫ˡ̫ˡʱǲҲûš
ǹŴͺʹ̿ͣһЩȤתء룬ܿʲ١
һͼĿûкôţӽصսˣҪƼˣĳһŵ¡
Ȼû˵һֱǶٹ˼ɴɵıԱΨһܶԱ˰ĹҰ
ԲҪƽ۹ǿıְҵͲرľƶȣƽսʱľӣˮ׼
Ҳ˵ɣƼǰֻʮҰսٶ̶̼󣬾ѾŵԼʮˣһСµǣͲδ;ӵʵ
һϸ˼͸ͻսˣôͲл׷ʡ
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ϸʹͭʵ۵УԪ谺ΪߣͬΪͨ½סƳֻ̫Ϊߣͨнס
ʵͬʱﵽͨнףֱԼ㣡
˼ᣬ˿ΪһλйˣѵֿۻūĻԻ
Īػʺ䡱۵ľɣ˭Ľ
ºһᣬҧүӣΪ㣬ҿǲϧɰ
Ĳͭڰһᣬһʵǿ׳սӺ
ҧָŸһ졣սɿļȡиһʹ˺ѷΡ
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ȷǽڣڴϢ̧ۿȥúһɲǽײ
ۼѪ꣬ձʵԭľȻףע꣬һּѹʣ
߼ɵۣƵۡ۰ɵǣĸоȻǰĺۣ
˺ۣ߲ףʲôµ
ͺ۵һ۽㣬鲻ԽǷ켫ۣ־ۣۣ
ѹʣûɵĸһִ۵־֮ϣ޵е˻ʣҲˡ
ǵʷΰĵ֮һĺ䣡̲סսͻεĳݡ
۸Ŀ⣬ϣͳ޵ľ

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ô룬ʵһ·ɥ߳ɽġ
ĵһһиԣܲүһ֮λ߳ݶĺ۸ӸԣһֱҪˡ
治Ǵ޵֣ū򣬸Ӵ򣬸ӴԼһǿǸ۰
һаѴе˵Ըֻ޲һս޲ʤԵĺۡ
ǧоԶƮȻСߣɻؿ벽һΨҶǰ߰벽ĺۣһǰǻʵۣ
Ȼһ飬ǧܳԾѵϸӣûûһҡͷһ߿ͽܣǰһ˻ʣ
ûǧ˵붼˻ʱ˻ʵ࣬ƺûûֵġ
ǧܰ˼⣬ǰսʰٷ֮ǰǻʵۣ⺷ϢɱӺҲֻ˻ʲС
ǧܾȿͽܣͽ֪ܲʱ棺ʲô
º۴ңô˵𣬵ȻܣֻÿЦʦûµġûµġ
ǧɲؿߣĺۣͷתԶȥȺ
һ߰ԨųһѼеĴսųԨš
һɽȣеĿյϣ׼һŸһǧһƳȤļһǧ
۵Ƴߣе˼˵Сǲǡ
ûˡεָָǶѼܼҲֻһǧĵͼս飺˼뱻֣ǵս·һһĸΪá
ᣬŭɷ棺ȸУ
Ȼߴףһ˿ĿӹĦͭһ£۲̧ͷʱ򣬳Ц⣺ҲðգԸ
΢һսϵĸֵͼ꣬һԵĸһ򺺾
̧ͷٿۣ۳
ڣɲƲ죬ھ꣬ĵͼĵٸ຺ܼƴﵽʱ򣬺۲¶һ˿ɫʣҪľӣ
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ƺˣģҪһһڳԡ⾫꣬ﾭסôİһδεˡ
ɫбȷĲˡ
ҡ߲Ҷ໰嶯ʼ磺벻Ҫȥˣģһǻڸսϣʣһǻھϡ
ҪǣԨЩս飬ֻø߼ꡣ
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541 ƣ̫
Сѩ
ƹУһɫӰ߹նĵ·ӿήɽУƣ
һʮһٸǧǧƵĽʿ˴һ磬Բǵ߳ɽ
Ϊ׵ĺضߵĽ콻Ϣһʱ
߸һĽ죬ԶˣԾǰ·ңǵطȱҰսʹģս飬ǱбƱ
ԣصвŸɵὫ죬覺ƶ£ٵΪ߾мҲ
˲ԣǷ⼸һ
˷ͺزһģа˲쵶ԼͶЧ߸Ҳ˵ϵȻȥһ
һĹ쵶ܿͻһ˵ԣصͷȴϢһʱ·
һȥǧʿϤѩصУѩɫºɫĴΪһ壬Ҳң
ຫزԼĵط߾ںƹҵĺս
ӵɽأʵʺսǣ߾ȫ߹ƣҲɲƹǷˡ
͹Ǳ˵УȻһߵĽ졣һȺ߼ڸߴսƹڵһĹƵҵУߵӳȫ߽
΢ɣ͹Ǳһ񣬹ϴȫ߽
һװһǫأԵս齫ȫ߽
ս򱱲߾һ֮󣬷µɱԼĴӪƹչȫ߽
ĽʿǣһѵĺˣγһʮĿֲչ֣߰˸ɽͷˮһĹơ
һ԰ѱϤͶ룬ǺðյġҲԲ͹ǱģǰЩӴĳһ߻Ĺơ
ðգžķջر
ƹû뵽߸ڽ죬һƮѩ˼ȫ߽ʱƹҲܲסԱ߸ıƣһ㿪ʼȻȫ߱
ӴܣӴܣӴܡɽҰٲȻȫƹĴܼ
ϧְλݵڶٶһϣȻδػˡ
ƹвִɾţһһ£бĳһصʱԾǧ߾ʿӿΪɱȥ
ƹ֮սֻһܡȻһǲ֪ǵ·ϻһ˽ǧ·̰ĺز


ģĺƵڲԭϿջǵϿ𶯡
ףķ٣ԼĴۻİΧסһۡ
۷Ӣĩ·ĿЦҾҲƲϣδ䣬һƺϣ
ǧĴɾʿһʱ˾춯صĺХ꣡
棬һẓ́աһٳǣȼΪһѻ𣬻̻
ϲĴɾʿÿһ׶սӵһ飬ɽХϲ
꣡꣡
֮ǰƺӦɵ۵ǾʿĻƽýʿǻؼҹꡱ
ݴĵشɣɵ۱øǿͬʱϢ𶯾ޣ˵ԤϣҲޡ
ϢΪǰش¼
߾һսƹ࣬սƽϢҲ㲻ʲôˡҲֻ˲֪βҰζ߲ӱƾбڰƽƹ
ϢڸУ𶯡
ߵ򣬲֮սΧ֮˴ڵ۵ͻƣΪһʽϵϢ
ܶ˻һǰ޵ɱһڵУһ̤һˡһǰûʶһ־ԵĽڵ㡣
ͻƣϣ־СһΪڣУΪһۡ
ȻںƽɱͻƺҲͻ״̬ˣѧðӲװ½һ۱ضԾ
ע⣬Ϊһű̬еٮٮߣСѾûгֹˡ
Ҳע⵽֪ΪΣ޸شڣִƿ״̬񻯸֣ٶﰵͻ˾硣
ͺʲô£Ѿ޵ߵΪ̣ǿмǰƶƶֽ䣬ǱĬĽΪ֪
ҲֻϬˣŻע⣬Ż֣ᷢ빫ıȻ
֮߾·عˣǲ̫빫Ч𲽵ĳֳ
ڼǧܵĶ£ڱΣУ߻磬ʱ߸רһս飬ս
ԼҵΪûнݾߡ
뵽ģԸֵİ취ս飺
һͨ½սòãӢ˧ˣ߶ûˡսǰһݣڳƣ
ƣμ

Ƴ⡣
³ˣƤСģʽ˽ӵģռĪؿ⼸ˡ
֪ߵĵϵϰףһٵĲɢƯ뱱ãԼ˸ΣֵƤСˡ
˵ƵԲĽĵδûмֶƵ۵Թúõһ壬ڶ̶̼ﱻɢ˭ܺã
ɿ۰ƤСסĸоˣҺʹҪˣҪúչԼ
³˲ǰˣصͷҲڱ֤ʲô
ʽƤС·֮һĳһٳٲϴĵɢȥϰƤСĺʽһ·ڲòֵ
һ·ϣƤСûע⵽һһ˿˿ѿ֦ϻ
ƤСĺʹܲͬһطְƤСȥǰ˸еһθְǨǨϲãʵǵֲ
ߺģһ굱УʽƾŹ⻷Ʒְߵģλá
ʽȻ̫ʺϸһУʺϳΪһˣڶ̶̰ѾֳΪһɫǱˡ
ʵƤСҲ㲻ھƺҪɫһ㡣ߵҲ
ҲΪľ飬ҲΪڳ͢佫ѧϰεһϸ¼٣񾭴ҲֵƤСĺܿӦ»
ƤСĵֱӴֱ磬ܿӵУˮֳ൱Ĵֱ飬ʺһҰսͻĽ졣
ͬʱ硣
һս鼳ȡѪһ˿֮òʵӿֱȡ
һֵս飬룬ȴƫƫһսɷ
ϸĵһѣֻһͨ½׵սܶԼá
ʵ̫ףÿһս鶼иԵս鼼þһʺսҲþһܸս
ǶԨϼͣʵΪûȡ˵ս顣
ս񣺡֣Ͳμ


542 һ꣬
¶ǴƼļڣȴȻѩء
һƽĹ佫׷һյУȻ̤һ̣˶ڸǲס
Ƶ۶Ŀ΢չƣλ䣬˵ɡ
ǰ༤£ǮȸɫʣѾ׼ơ
Ȼ׷ࡣֱ౨£Ҳ׼ƣȥļĶʮ±ȻѵվͿƽ˸
ԺԺ£ԾԺ£˸޲׼ּ
ԶΪ׸ǰһּ
Ƶϸһ˿󣬿һᣬƽ˵ôּ֡
¶Ʒϭģִ
°ˣưʮ·ȵȼԴս
ս˱֮ս˸Уսѵϵ±ӵаҰսԼָֻƵʮط
αƳİʮУʮҰսʮԵطν֮ս
κΣ丯ܣƷ·֮ڣ̶칥ǧ֮أȻٳ޷ЧӦ
ƹƣϢһ𶯡
Ŀ۽ƺʹ
û֪캺ڹӹ磬֪ڶ̶̰굱УѾ䵽ʮˡ

ҲǱƵĶ򣬴ٳҪԱһ鿪һش顣
ǵ⣬ڶô˵ʱȻ벻δϬҲô˵
ǷӦóûϬƺҲƺڶʱݻѻ˵˶ͱƵĻᣬ˭ȹ´˭Ǳذ
ѻɫ赭֪˭´˭һԾΪ޵һǿа˳ɵĻΪ޵˻ʡ
Ϭпϧܣ֪ˣϧƫƫǱˡһ߻᲻ͱ˵ϧ񳰷һ㣬ߵ϶֣͵ѧˡ
ܿƣܣǡ֪û˵϶ԼɣˣڱסֽŲ
һһٰĶûֽšɶҪǶ߻ɳʲô£Ͳ˵ˣϬҲҶԡ
ѻɨһۣ˵ʲô
ϬɫЦǱƵˣܶ¶֪δáǶԴĻ֮ġѻתȥĬˡ
ʵôû塣ӱƳΪۺʱֻҪͱϢضҡ
ѻ룬ǵʱߺȻٶ²ֻҪͱ屻ƵܣҲҡ
һϬ˵۶ôնֻ˱ƣ
ѻ̧ͷϬЦЦΨһĳ·ʱơѻĬȻϧƵĴңôɡ
ݽ֮ģƹ˴֮󣬶ͻʧȥϣû׼ݽҷŴû׼Ѷ˫ַ͸ء
Ķǰͱһǿ󡣼ȴΪһεвԸֽţı˦ƨɺˡ
ϬסζѻգΨһˣһ㣬Ļشʲô
ѻޱ飬Ȼ𣺡ѻʲôû˵Ƴʲô
Ϭһ˿Ц񣺡ΪҪôʱƣҪôһʼ磺ҪôͱĻҵ
ͫ˼תˡ
ϬȻЦˣǴġǾԲơһ٣ЦǶĴңǰԱƵʱ᱾Ծʵһٴ山Ƶġ
ǰıҳɹһжȻͬӦǶΪģҲӦǶϬЦһʼ֪ضΪ
Ϊ첻̫ˣҲ̫ˡ
ܶ£ڵġ
ѻתȥһıӰ͵ĻûкҩˣǱǴˡˣǱǷˡ
ϬĿȻ˲ûһӣ𣡡

ʮ꼾٣׵罻ӵļڡ
ʮ򣬴Ӷһ·ϵĹԵĶ⣬Ȼ͢δһͳһʶ
Ķ⣬ʵ²˾ĵĲ淴ӳ
ϬԼǣɾһΰҵעɲµġ̫٣õ̫٣£ôһǧͲж˲š
һ꼾ٵ·ݣ޵ٺʹȺȲĻӾ£޵ĸС
ѮϷʮ򣬽Ϸϡ
Ѯ̲СϷңɿɵˡʶ֮ʿ޷ǾĴ
Ѯһ׮þΪ֮𶯵ĺ䶯¡
ϲܱƽĴ̼ʱƽϢսǽҲѮĳһ죬ٳ¡
ۿһ۵ĻУá֮󣬴ʵϵʹڳԷѳ
չ齵Э飬۵ԴѪ뿪
־Ŷϵȴ֮һ
˵ڴ齵֮󣬵һʱͻչĹѪս˹ĵģ𶯵ģȴǴĸ
Ψһһϵ֮
ǧֻĸϵȴڱޣֱǰͰ˰ǰģһǱɴƽģһȻ
Ȼ󣬵ϵȴĸǷںޣˡҲǴһԾΪϵ֮ת۵㡣
ĸǴ
һ𶯻δüɢ°ˣ޻̲ܲһе֮Ϣһĵ׵Ĳ
ˣ˶ʶڷһҵľ䡣δҲøҲøãɾ˵ֻá
սûһĵط
˻ʵջһͳµջ󡣱Ͽʵϴڵģ֮ϵ֮ŭĸìܣٳһϯ޵ս
δ˵ģҲһոµ磬Ҳһ硣

ĺ÷⡣
ڹ繥ӣÿսض²װǿ䵽ʮΪļ½ס
ƽÿ¸սٶȣսƣŵ佫͸ߴʮս顣֮¸սܼ״δﵽһ
ǧܵԴԴϵץֹԨϼ̷ȳΪٴսеͨϽסֻһܴﵽ̫žˡ
ҲڰѮ߾񺺾Źƹڽʥ۵Գ£һֱŭ߸ƹ壬նɱһûߣ
ɱƹ壬߲֪ʵǽʥ˵˼ƹ޶˶˵ķңƱҪɱƹ壬山߸δĵˡ
ʥ˵Ϊ˱߸߱ɵʵ覵޲ĿࡣɼĻһ£ڻĴɱǶǶ赭дˡ
ƹ
ҲѮĳһ죬Ȼɹ֪ɹǵǰһֽĹҡ
Ҳƹͬʱɹٹ˳߸
˵ע»ص߸ʱ𶯷֡߸̲ڽսԲ֡
ӱƣڶȡóڣ߬ס֮·


543 սǿ
ھ޴ȼ
޲̻Ȼ֪ںδʱ硣
ΨһİοǣǶ磬ҲԵʣٻȫԱս¡һսǾǹƼݡ
С֪֮ĲҶƵڵȴ̲һ쵽һɡٳҾͶļơ˻๥ĹңսӰ죬̫ӡ
߸ڣȡԹƹȡɹڶ̶һԾӵʮʡǧ˿ڡƲɵķͷһҹ޸·ͶЧ
䱱߸սԲ֣һ۹ˣܿ߸ĵʵ̫ˡӱƣȡóڣסҪһ¸һƬ̹;
Ƕӱƣһ̫ؼˡƹһۣȴȻ񣬱ĶĶΪ޵ıذ
߸ıһСϲ塣Ϸ򣬼ֱһͱڴɵҪ
ҲƽʱͱĵӣκΣ߸ơǴͱǰսңִֻսԡ
߸ĵԼսԲֵ΢֮мڹ޴ֵĸо̾ΪֹƳ֮ǰ߲Ǳ߽λãû뵽ôҪ
֪߸ĵƣսԲ֣ͳͳߵֱʡ
ʵҲȫȻΪ֮ǵ뱱Ƶʱ򣬱Ҳŵΰ۾Щ߽ǶһЩӡܷѿɳΪҲ϶ٷ֮ǧû뵽
ԸҲû뵽ֵĵƷôɺɵ۽еʮٱĵۡ
ɵӽˮӱ߸չ׳󡣶ڱ߸ʵǵλãս壬ô޳
Դ˵߸һҧҲմõ˵ˮĻ塣ɳ˳ͯͷ֮ؾͱ
ҲɵţǱС
䡭䣡䣡
ĲãϣǼǧ۽ֵıһһһĹⲨ𺳵ùضѡ
۵ս鼼ȻɲǴطڷӿһŵ̺ƷһͺͺĴɽƳһհεضǧܡ
ǧǹһһӴޱȵĴɽ类ɽһž顣ںһĹۣûŭͳͳ
ϸһ³һɳֹ̧ȰһͰһ͹³˹ն˲
¡һڣһѽԷ꣺̵
ۣʮּĹŰǧ۲һᣬ˵ʧ⣬ּХ֣
δ䣬ǧѹֵϢʱг˹ۺ³˹ۣ˲󺧣ۣ
Ҫ˵Ǻûʲôֱˣ֪УתҪߡκΣӵ򸾸ԺĴӵϱ
һת۵ĹǱĴ۵ΧС
߱ѹԵƣǧܼǰİ۸
̵ھ˵İ£ΧʮڣһĹҲϤ

βߵһα׷ɱˡ
ǿŻ࣬Ű磬;ҲʼԽڡ
һСţǧϡɴĹ飬Ϥ
ϮµĹᾪۡȻϮµĹǾһᾪۡ
ͳǿţǰһλһ֮ɰ飬ųһλҲ˱عۡ
һΣǼǧһֱڱͽܣȻ۵Ϯδؾʲôùӳԡ
Թһο˳ֵĽѵ߾ǹϮعȦףȻһٳɹۡ
İеӸԨϼͣλүӣʱ򣡡λͻΪ̫ս飬½ףҲˡ
ôۼӣİߣȻߺгֵԱ
а취ǧܺ͵ȾԻ᲻ϧ۵İͻơϧͻ£˵ͻԵġ
ʣһг˹ۣ߳죬ȴ֪øһսɡ룬̾˿̲סƵϲųƣ͸ˡ
¹ܳɽԸжٵսֵ߷ĵĲ뿴ƳΪϡʵϣƺǿһͨ½ף߹񺺵廢Ͻλ
ϧƸһʼΪͨ½ףͳϽʮսκ񺺾ޡҲ޼ƿʩֻܰϲƱĿеıӪ
½İʣµĹڵȵȣսֱɡŰ
սһˣ˱佫Ĺ٣ԼΪսڵҽȵȡ߼ƽս飬ϧûõġ
ʺֵ߽ս鲻ࡣ
սóǼԦɡĹս鲻˵༼ܡ佫ս鵹ǲʵʺͳս߽־ͷӲ߳ɡ
ͨԨϼ֪ͣƽսҪǸս⻹ÿأʮδײһñƲļܾͲʺϸս
Ҳֻ֮Ĵ̿ս飬ʺϣҲרս
һٶս飬˵Ĺ佫ս鲻٣ҲܸսġߺҲϹ٣Ʃغʦ;߱ɱܡ
һֱϸĴĦ跨ϣһҪǿҲʺԼܰԼսϣͼͬʱս飩
ĦĦȥҲǹ˼ϳ֣ȻԨȽսļʵ̫ˡ
Ҳû壬һ߻ὣʽˣԨս鼼ͽʽֱȱĴ䡣
ͳ⣬ôϣԨүӵĵλǶҡ˵ġ

սһ㣬ǧܵѾ˾ռˡ
ӷսһ̣Ƿٶս飬ǧܵҲԲԾϰΪˡҲʦϡ
սŶӣ
ģһôʵʱ򣬾Ѫĳ嶯ʱһ˵ʵ
˼µߣһҵõģǿսͲˡң˼һӵУ޷ٸı䡣
ߵãȻеøģеѡ
ҪϣŲҰһͷİǾ顣
Ȼ߷ʵʱгֵĳ⣬ǿǧܶҲⱦڹҫ
߸Ҹ޳һ˼һӵо޷ģ㵹ãܸģһôսѡϡ
ǧܶһ㱻Ӳҫҫ£ȻҲܲסͽս̫̼ˡ
ݵߵĻ˵Ծ⻰
ǧţ߲ͽܣһصʦҲа˳ɵĿܣ˶޵һߡ
ǧսѾ൱̼ˡȻ߾Ȼѡ޵ս飬ϡʲô˼
ҪǴȥ֪жҪ޵ñѪء
ҿ㹻ǿˣ΢׽εǰ΢¶һܳȻ类޵˰ٱ飬ǳɻˡ


544 Ի

½ƽսУ½ޣغ䣬ԶӦǣȵȡ
佫սУƣԮ̫꣬ʷȣ࣬Ƿ򣬳ĵȵȡ
ĹսУžף˾⣬岩µȵȡ
ս̫Ӵ˵ʷˣ˴ίʵһһֶд
ս飬ɹ飬ΪһУս鹵ͨһжϸսļܣͼϡ
ս൱߱Ѷȵһ׮ơ
۴Ƕ˵ƽ϶缯Чʡ
мǧܵͬ磬а˴ֵһǰԨϼ֮һԼʮսﵽͨϽס
սܶ࣬սģƲᳬ֮һ
ǽŵλս鼼ս˿ߡļΪ죬װ
ϸ˵߶мΣսǲˣܸսʼղ࣬Чɫĸټ
ݵ
һУһ졣ΪһΪڣܸˣʵĴˣ͹
ϣµսһɫԽԽˡʼоףɣʵʷΪһܸ
һΪشǧʷǰģжϣӦͳͳͨнϣսֵġ
ĺڼǧܵû֮ǰ;׵ȶս鸴мǧܵȰ˴ܿٵͨսΪ
Ȼһǧܰˣ߹սȫͣ͵С
ʱûôۡ
ֹϾڹ켣ʼδ̤벻ҹҲΪּȸУʱû취ͻƵҹ
Ͱٶһȣֱᱼˡ
̷ö֮󣬰һǰֱӷԾʽͻƳΪڡݰԸ赭д˵ڱ۵һϣֻһʱ̤۾ˡ
ֻһͷײǰǹԪҲǹԪǲϾȴˡ˭Ǳ̬˭
ڷ֣ǰĳоȻû꣬ȻǾͷͷű̬
һڹԪ͸Һ־۽ֶ˵۵ˡΪۣʲô
ÿÿ뵽ﶼһ֮Ĵ𰸡
ߴ״̬ѹǧܺ;ˣΧۡ
ʮڣ˹߷һ˿Цһųʮͨս飡
Цһʳţ̵
ɱȻڼڼǧܵ۵£ոһյļɮһӣˢ۹ڸսΪ
ڼǧܵȰ˴۵İ£ɹڹۣսǵΪһǧĻƽʱڡ
û̸˵ҲûϾеУֻΪսΪΪףǧ̤ܵϾս֮·ʱҲǽһΪʱʱ
սҸʱ⡣

ڼǧܵ£ڹΪսˢ飬ˢΪʱ
һεϢ𵴣ӰɽԺŰ
Ұ񴥶ɲǻһʥ齵Ժ֮⡣һεϢĲͬɽѹԽ롣
ٶȣӶʮǸϲ񣺡Ҫͻˣ
ҲӦһĻտҢҲɿĴǳ˷һǱĲϢݼ
ʱ˲ҲڰɽԺеĳԺϥŽʥͻƣһɲǲ׽кʼ۾硣
ǹͶ޵ȴڣٶȸ׼Խʥͻʵʩ˵Χۡ
ͼǧܵͻƲһʥϢӣγһ־ռɲǡһ£Ȼй¶ĲѰϢ罣һĿֲˡ
һɲǣҿ˼ǧܵȻĴֱۣһǣѸٵж֮ѽʥķâתգ
ʱɽԺշɹȥҲҪù
Ⱦϲ쳣һۣʥǰ˵УͨͻƵġ
һǼǧܣڶǾһǰͻΪ־Ȼǽʥ
ǲ֪ȻҪôп½ͻȥɺͱƷ֮٣֪˶۵Ͻ֮·
һ룬ʮжΪͻƵģ
ȻǰˣһЩʱ߾Իǿ
мϧҲؿ߳ϢȻһµĽʥϾĸоΣ
ܺã½ʥ΢ЦǿţҺϼǣְա
ȰϲԭսûаְյġɼǧܺͽʥͻƣƺϣҲսδؾһȥ޻ص·
տҢϲõʥһݣϲʦ
Ҫ˵ȻһϢլԺĳ졣˾֣ǣ˭ڽ۾磿
˸ȥһȻ˲ۣ쳤һӿȣγһ־ռ䡣
ǹտҢ޵ȣ޲Ŀࡣ
ʥͻƣΪ֪ĵۡ˲ףΪһڵУɱۺͲ֮ͻΪ۵ڡ
ֱˣԷˡ
ֻ֪ۣб޵ġ޵С޵ġӡ޵ġɱ
ǵĸ֪ۣǧܹȻͻƣΪȻʥͻƣΪ
ССı߸Ȼа˴ۣȻϰ˲ȻǾʮۡУȻۣʵƽˡ

ս𣬾޸Ȼγɡ
ޣɱ¹ܱߵϷٴΣڱȻΨҶ̲֮󣬸Ӳһ
ˣǴɵĶ֡ΨһֵܽģǱ߸ߡ
޵ǿսеľƣȻı䡣ϲսݣ֮󣬲ûͣʵ٣ϲΨ߱һԵʵ
Ķ⣬ţ뱻棬һ߱൱ʵѾˡ
һԾΪϵ֮ԴĹƻּȶĽ࣬׿ЧѳΪ޵һǿ
ٺʹ֮ƾϵ֮ĵ̣ռһϷ硣
޼սֳΪǿʵϧȻȱ̡
߸̲ڽ֮󣬾Ϣʱûżһһʡ
ޣ޵ľƻѳɶ֡û⣬Ĵ˻ʵУضдɣƣԼһϯ֮ء
һս׷ɵ
ĳһĵļڵĳһ죬Ҳǻ޹ƽĳһ졣
һվںߣⲨĺá
һȡһʵ챦һһĴֻžһƾճ֣ںˮС
һᣬϴĶֻһںϳ˷ˡ
˸˺ڲĳӣ͸ֹϢ


545 Ѫܵķ
һӴĳڲãϣΧסһƽذɽ塣
һΰĹɽƣֱϵɽۣΪΰ׳
ƽذĹ·壬ΰ׳۵ĹҰ׺ɫɵĹҫأ۰µȣԳжһͳȨ
ʱŭĺɽ۹м˭˭˭ô󵨣Ϯ޵Ĳ
һڻҰ׺ɫϵĹۣȻǾµİֲϢ𵴴˵˭ɵģ
սսĵϥ£ֱӣ࣬ر£߸ɵģǼۡ
ùڣ൱ڣȻһ۵ıŭŵúһ֧ձϣ
ʵֻҪϤƶȣˡƶȣǾϵȫԱǴ϶µľƶȣ˹ᡣ
ᣬǲεģֻǿȨȹǿȡΪµͳߡ
ͳϽʮԴ£ơ۵֮䣬ƶȣһϳ˹ֻͳϽг˹ۣһг˹ֻͳϽ³˹ۡ
ĪҪСЩƶȣǹݱǻ۽ᾧһϳ˹ۣձܱг˹ǿһ㣬ܱ֤ϳ˹۵ͳȨ
һȺ֪ʲôߣʱôսţʱϮ̹µĹڣҲץˡ
Ϊһ鼸ǧƽصͳߣһսԼ̹ۡ۵ıŭġ
̹ŭģŭҵǣޣ޻ɱǣ
ٺ٣Ǻǣ
һֵЦȻڴֱǳ˵ĿС
̹ŭⱬɱʵһϣХ죺ߣ
һɫʿ꣬Цºǫѷ΢΢Ƿߣμ̹ۣ
̹һüЦ˵㣬ߣ
Ȼ΢Ц̹ϢȻͨء
̹ۻһһȭڶֱָߣǧܺڣ
¡ǧܹ̹۸ԹһСƲ죬ź̹ۣ㿴ҸոϢͨ¶ˡ
죺ѵ㲻֪ʥҲͻƣΪ𡣡
̹ɲɫ䣬˫һ壬¡Ϊһڹֱߡһ׵Ȼ֣һ赭дһȴ˿ձһɫ·˺
׻һغߵ̹ϣ̹۾ŭǧܣʥ޳ޣΪͱˣ
ߴӹзϰգǷ΢ЦȻܱǸһҪ˵޹سޣҪƦƵ̾Ȼ̹ܴ۵ΧߣǾ͵ڷƨ
ЦָͷУһڡһתۣգס̹۵ȥ·
̹۵ɫ䣬мһ仰ôֱʡǷҪˡ
ʥĻӶΪ㻹ߵˣ
ֲ־ռ䣬ɲγɡ޾ĽɫŰһռ䵱С̹һٹһ־ռ䣬ӭģǼǧܣ
̹ۿһѪʯأķ۵Χ£Ȼһ˿ᶼҲ

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ֻ޵ĳɳ̲˺ܿİתͷˡ
ӲغãһڽĳУڳͿһȺĻɱ޵ĳ̬ˡ΢΢üҡҡͷС
һߣһ·һھ֡˵Ĳһ٣תͷһۣٴҡͷھתˣвͨ
ǰļٲ粨һʾھˣҪ죬޵ĸᶢϡ
¹ʵͺɵ۲࣬Ƕʢ׳꣬ҰĲҾ߱൱
ޱȶС籱޴󣬾ʮңȴƽݵġÿʮһ¹ҵҲÿʮһ
ʮУĪҪ˵ϵ֮е֮Ҳֻ
¹һԼеܻ֮죬˵Ŭˡ֪طǴԼͺñ߼еİͶɵ
΢һ£Ǿս
¹ǿĹ֮һܸɣǿʵҲΪ˵ݵͷۣĵݿ֮һ㣬մ⺷ߣ͵úܿ졣
һĵطʢߣײеģƩɱۡҲߴȱĳģƩʹȱˡ
̹˵һϣʲô¶пܷޣֶƽɱȻƵҲԲ
ɱļһŭ׷ɱˣǾ㵹ùģǾǡɱ
֮طĳֲ࣬ƱȺ޶ôɲ־ˣһ֣Ǿһˡ
ɱۡĿǰΪֹ£ɱۣһڵɱˡԵš
Ƭϣ¹ʷĲס¹ʵĺѣص˻ʵۣλöô̡
˻ʣصһһݣ˻Ӱѹ޸ʵ۴
ޣޣޣ޵ľƶˡΨޣû֪˭Ϊ޵˻ʡ
غȻЦ¹˭˻ʣ˾Բ׾ͷ˻ޣ˳ţޣ˭ںʲô˻ʣȭͷһ˵
ԱصķҪȭͷƽһͳޡ޵˻ʿ϶ߵġ
عЦֻöˡ
£Сģһ̫ٵģصǰ
ڵڿз裬ٵķ裬һ׹ڵԽԽ󣬾ضˣƺںɫӣ
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ǡǡص߶ʮڣӲδãƮƮڵϣһ˿𶯶û
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̫㵣ǣ
ǰĳһ׮£಻ƵļԾһֱѪܵķ

磡
һսϥϢɲͻϼޣͬɽһӿ
ʥ޲ϲüңǧһеǰȥʱΣս飬Ǽǧܵս顣
Ϣûзֱսվһƺտأѵأ
类һεסֲս鼼ʱͰ˺ѳһǧף׵Ͽȣ
սصͷϼͣôȥս飬ж٣áˣǻϣʹһЩ
ǧܿЦãս鲻ıԹĪҪҼޣҳһʿҲǺõġţսͻƣ
ǧܺսһɽȥȻǸƵսͻΪ̫нס
˿˷ܵĶưᣬ̧ͷʵһ˭


546 ٣
ģӲģѪģġɡ
ڴɵĳУдż廳þûˡ
ڵĻʵ˭
ɵľ޵һǿ֮ԲǼ̳еġɽڶ˿ڵ࣬˰ڶ࣬ԴҲḻģҲΪƶ񤡣
ԼԶµĵһơ
ǧǰһСµһǿʵʵڿȭͷģŬġ
ֻϵȡһ۵ڶǾƶȡ
һܴСһ·ѪսٳΪΨһĴɣھǵ֮˭档ʵϣǧشľ¸£ǳԴɡ
ƶȣϸ֣ΪܲıĳطϵͳҰսϵͳİ룬ԼְȨȷ
ǧҪ¸£СģͳͳǳԴɡ
ǽʱգΨһһܶԱᵼĹҡ޶ڴɵӰ´޶ѴΪꡣ
ֹ꣬һͳ£ɾԲӦҲɵȴһͳµһ죬Ѿ˼ˡ
˭赲ǰߣɾ񽫻ᱬǰδе᲻ϧһдԷ
߸׳ôٹ޲̲ƽ߸
ɵûҧгݣҲĵֻƽ͵˵ʷ̨ڽ£ѵ߸ΣĺȤ
һ£Ц£󲻳ء²ݻٱ߸˵ǺǴɵ·ء
ɵЦˣ룬Ȼ룬ߵĿǣҪһ£һ¡
𣬺˻߹ã˵úá
̫˲ɫ䣬Ȼ˿δܲˣ󺧹ǰ
ɵɫ䣬תʾ̫ÿǰһŭɱԷڣɻƽǣ
˳ӵĿ⣬ɵ۰ᣬЦܺãһĴӱȹȥҪɫʵ۾͸ôϲŭɫɱˣҲҪ΢Ц
ɵ΢Ц˫֣ʾ£
˹Цɱˡ治ʲô֡
ɵ۵һЦվ޵ĵطܸǸȱ
ЦˣһڸǺڲĳһɹɵǰġ
һӰ֯һ֣һǳԾȻɲǡɡ
ɣ
ɵһһޱϤ֣ϲУĲʵ̫棿
ɹЦѺڲߣġ
񣡡

񣡡
ɵ۵ֱҪΪ޵جˡ
޴ңΪ˲˶ڽĵȴǳǰܣǹ齵۰һޣ˶ڵȴһС
죬ˡ
͵ĵ֤ɵݡôɵ֪εĲ񣬾ԲǼٵˡ
ǰһˮĲϣһ˯ˡǰһβǾˣŮˣһˡ
˯˵òȻϤ
ۣͻһʮꡣϵãȴһٶۣһۿ̱ϳ󺧣ϳ
Ǵ֮һҲʧٵĴ֮һ
Ǳ˸һĴۣͽӽˣʧ꣬ɻ嶼Ϊˡͣûʶˡ
ɵĿߣΪϳ
ȻʧЦСʵۣΪʲôûһۣƾʲôһҹ֮ӵϾΪ
ԸΪҴ˻ʵģĺˡ
ɵĬȻΣ̧ͷֱӣһʲô̫صİӵĺڲһˡ
𰸳ϣ
ɫصİһӽɵۣߣ˳Ϊ˻ʵĲ裬ˡһ٣Ҫһ䵱¯
¯ǻʼѪ
ɵ۲Ȼڣ³һ֣覣
һЦ⣺覣ɵصͷ
ɺȻЦˣЦĿţ覣Ƿȥƣɵüһʲô˼
ȥĬݺȻ죬¶Ի֮ɫϴǴĽͳͳհˣ©һ߸ʵ֪ң覵Ůȥ˱ƣ
£ƶԴʲôϷָǱƻʵۣ
ƵûݶһѽڵļһȻѽͣǺͱһߵСһƵ۵
ɵ۲ɫ֪ȥԼʲôԭһУ⣬Ҳɺϣ˹Ļƶġ
ûߵ֣ѽˣپ¡΢ɵ۵㲻ɣλİţλɵ̧ͷʾ֪
覣ǰ¯¯һ̽壬Եĳˡ
ɲ֪覵̬չˣ¯Ҫʵ۵Ѫף֮Ѫס
ɵ۳ĬΣȻһ֪˴ɣʣ˻ǡ
ЦЦ޴ɣ޴¡
ɵ۵˼ţ𾪲ѣǱƣôܲǱơΪ޵һȱȻʵ١
Ϊʲôûбƣ
Īӿɵ۵ĵס

ƣĳң
Ƶ۱һĽ࣬ҵУһϣָ̣壿
׻ĬȻһԲڶ档
ʮӣƵۺȻ鱨Ӵ¹ʵǰǰ粨Ƶӡ
׻ɫ䣬ôƵ۵Ķν֣Ѿһ׮¡뱩¶κΣϵĲǾñʯ
Ƶǰʲô䶯Ҳ쳣ѡ
Ƶº͵ЦЦ¹ǶȻǺ޴Ƶ£ͬڻʵǰһֱû¶١
־ۣܱܹжĿõһ
׻ۻ˿һöӣܺڣˡ
Ƶ۵ջ̧ͷ΢ЦҲҲǣ²ڵıҲ˵ˡλۣԼѲȥˡ
ûбƵķݡƵԣ޺ȻĸʧԹƽΪ֮СǺӣǱǾ֮˻ʵĲѡǡ
׻һ㣬𡣡
Ƶסһöɫգչƣòң
׻Ŀ⵭ڲסһ˿ءƵʧЦ޲ɱ㣬ġ
㲻¡Ұܶ§ȥ׻һӣȻĳͱ˵ζ
ƵЦ˦մȾѪʲôܡһ٣תҪڣ㲻ʮꡣ
ۣ߹˴ɡҲ͹ޡ
Ƶ۵΢ЦѰζ


547 Ѫ
һظģԴḻĵط
عϡǾ޵дգ޲ؼ沢⡣ʼʿƻ޲ôС
ĹìܣܶΪεԵʡⲿìܣìҲϸϵǱĳޡ
ɵһǿຮ֮أȴ񣬸ԣΪκ;ֶΣǿаޡ
һ＾ڣջĺʱ⡣
λڶϲط֣һ죬ʳءıƹˣȴĵĺʱڡ
ṫ²ĺһȺۣҲһȺǧСǣһҰ̤࣬˵һɺ÷⡣
˵󲻴˵ССṫ˵ܸʳ谮Ҳһʼ׳档ؾǵʱ򣬴￴;ҰеĽɫڵһɾķպþ
¶Цݣһء
ͬĹǸ߹ټҵǧ׽Ūأǵṫʼ˼ء
ûءṫߺ͹۴һ
һᣬصЦͶϴСˣ½Ȼף»᲻Ӧ޳ȥء˼֪Щʲô
ṫЩ䣬˼Լ׻
۰οĪҪѹأģ۰㣬ض޳˵߹ء
˼ҿˡŶʮأǰͳءһת϶Ǹһ
ṫҡף˵ҵĹʵ֪Ļ̫ˣϾ۽ޣҲֻܿô
ʵ۰Ĺ֪ıȹ۶ˣǲ̫ˡû˵꣬ȴ֪ǵһȵţȴǹϵľһĵһ֣̫ˡ
ͺһ˿СʵۣʹɻʵۣһȻᡣ
ĪϲۺЦ
ŲءṫЦ̫ҫˣʼҹҲ̫ңԶˡһżȴԲʲôϲ
һ·Цַؾǣṫ빬֮󣬺ܿ췢ԼǷסȥһطæʵȥĶ
ټ̫࣬ʵߵ̫ࡣ
ṫΪ⣬һֱһƧĹŴ⣬ôע⵽ܿƽȴлʼ۵ػ
ṫڣһۿֵ׳ĸʣԼ͸Ĺľʣ
ʵתŮΣ꿶ԸԸ︸ʳΪ˻ʣ
ź¡һ¹رʵ

ҶԻϣΪšĳЩҵĹţ
һ޹أȡ԰ۣΪ˼͸мۡ
ɡǰ
Է飬һܵĴУԾ⣬ʯĹâĿⶨڻϣȻ˵Ŀֻţ֣ʲô
˵ǷɺϣǿһĻʵۣƵ⣬ɵʵۣʹʵ۵ȵȣһɫʮ굽ʮ֮䣬긻׳ʱڡ
Ҳ⣬һãżɽãҪİ
ԷؿŻ֣֪˼ܰʲôֻһѣĪǺף
۴Լͷߣôں޳Ϊ֣˭ǴĶ֣˭ֵôôƤ͹ȥף
Ҫ˻ʣҪ壬Ϊ¯ȡһӣǺһģ¯֣һѡһѡһǰԷ
Ƴɵģôֻ˵ĳﱸ̫걸ˡ¯Ϊָˡ
رǿָ¯ǾĻѶʮѪԵʳﵱжĵϣӳɹļʡ
˵Ѫڣ¯ʵѪԽԽã֮ԽǿԽá
Էûѡһ֮ϰ䶼ɡӻȵȶԻ˵ʵһǴ
ģԷ㲻µġҲΨһܸİο
ԷԼ֪һûѡˣĬĬĳȥʣһҪѵüתȥһȣ
һ̫չһ鲻͸ĺڲö˸
Էȵһᡣۺýһ£һ͸ľȡõĽҩеѹϵļ¼ȰĽɫѪƳ
һڰղӵļ¼סһһıȣһ˿Уһ˿˿ճĽɫѪ
ָһӣ۵ָһ˿ڣһճĽɫѪǿйСȻԲ¼ط߻ѪС
ʱصָָһڹľˣ׼

ơҡ
һδɵ֣ڽС
׻ִףƵִڣһֱƵ۶֪ΪΣҪִӡ
µһʱ򣬰׻ۺȻ̧ͷŮˣһҪ֮Ůӡ
Ƶɫ䣬ƺʾʡ׻һ㲻һֱ棬ʹòΪ˻𡣴ʱ˻ڵҲ㡣
ŮӣһҪʵڵѪףѪԽԽã֮ԽǿԽáΣһҪδŮӡʵеģ¯ͱŮģʵԪضʧŮӾͱ֮ƽγɻϻʵ۵Ĳ㡣
Ƶס壬һ
Ϊ¯ĳԼ֮ѪҲǼӴɹʣͱҪط¯
׻̧ͷֱӣ֮ͻҪ߲棬ͱ辶
ƵЦЦУ
׻۵ͷǰңʲô˻ʣγΪ˻ʡʹƵ۲һ
ʱգѾ֪˼ǵá˻ʣƾյģԴԡս֮ǰĴ죬ΪҪԴء˻ʵ˼๲ͬĻߣҲĻߡ
ĻߡƵ۲һķĬƺھ׽仰
˻ʣս֮ǰ˻ʣΨһķֱҲ˶١ս֮ǰ˿٣չĽŲʱޣûų
׻۵ɫӣǣ˻ΨҶԼף֪˲
˺˻ʴΪܴʹӴˣ˻ʣֱս֮󣡡
̧ͷֱƵۣΪ֪ǣս֮ǰ˻ʣܼԦ֮ΪеĹؼǡ
һ̾ϢƵڿڿԵѪ
ս֮˻ʣͳͳ߱Ѫ׻۳ĬѪк֮ΪһޱȵĻ
˻ʵѪҲǽɫѪӺδģ
ϷѪӽ䱸Ⱦôɺϣǧĸ˻ȫѪ
˻ʵֻһЩԼΪİ¡սܼ֮Ƶʮ˻ʣ˻ֻһٶʷٵ˻̳ǧʷ
Ƶ۳Ĭạ̃һ߿һ߿Ц˵ս֮˻ʣѪӶ͵˻ʡ
䡣˭


548 Ĵ˻
Ȼ
ƵΪԼΪ׻ۣһ衣
׻ᴵƯĲҶȻ󡭡Ѫһ̶ϻ֮Ԫĳͻ
һ̶ϣƵۺȻɵЦˣԣҪڵѪΪ¯
׻ûж˵ĬˡƵ΢Ц˻ʣ֮˻ʣһĻʵۣҪľ˻ʱǾǿˡ
ǡƵҧıּȶ˵ǣ˻Ӧ߱־ΪǿƵϾǿֵһһ֮󣺡ǿ
׻ۼڽһЦ֪ǼڽʲôԼĳЩˣ
ǿһĴʡǣ׻ۺƵ۶ͬһ㡣
κ˻ʽ֣ҪһλһѹۣҲᱻʱһλΪ־ۡ
۵ڴ򲻴ڹǣӽʱģ߱һʹǿǧܣΪѹһ֮󣬹Ҳ־˻ʵĶ֡
ⲻǾԵġԣ˻Ҫ־ΪϾȻ޵С
Ƶ۴Ҷϸĵغһڲ裬΢ЦСǺӰʱҲ˵еʱδǴ󷨣ٳ˻ʵİ취ܹеġ
ﱸ꣬ȻҪ־Ϊ˻ʡΪٳ˻ʣδؾͲó۳Ϊۡ
ǧ֮ŵǰޣʧֶ߲Σܼ༸ԼҲѡ
Ƶ̧ͷº΢ЦǣĴ˻ʣҪ۵ķס鱨֤ͻܼƴ˿ӡ
Ĵ۵ΪԼ⼸գҪתƽĹʵ۵СȻǼֶΣѰЧˡ
Ƶ۸п̾Ϊֹ飬ζºЦȻ˵ãֻ棬ʲôĿġ
Ĵ˻ʣƵЦţͻأ֣ʵĸ˻ʣ˻ʡ
׻۵ͫȻĬȻΣǵ˵Ҫ١
Ĭ
Ƶ۶ˮƣòŻֱӣǿգΣ࣬ߣʵΣ񡣡
׻ޱ飺㲻绹ɱҰɡ
ΪΣƵ΢°͡
£֪ܣһ׻۵˵ƺ˵һ׮޹ص¡
ƵЦʲôܣ
׻۸һ˿Ц²豭һӣվתȥһԲ
ƵҡͷЦЦϸĹ۲ӣǲʤ´ټ
תһƵ۵ĶС
ʵĶӰɡ
ǰ׻ۿƱƵַ֮󣬻Ų·ڲԵĴ

ɣǡ
һ޹վ¥ϣӪԺ·Ӫ޲ĽĿͶȥһ˵Ӱͣ
һеŮӣûУߣҲʵϸλŮĲࡣ
ǰԷùһҹɵ۱֮ҹֳֵ侲֯Ҳǽɵ۷ۣϿ쳵
ӴˣӪӱָӲ֮λӪµϵǨؼһһлʶָʹ
ԷĲŸɵõֵķӺֵ֤һָ֪ͬҪˣԷʱָ֪ͬλãʮþȡ
켣һ˺ԷΪһָʹĻᣬ߳ϡȻɵԳ飬ʵҪȻսһĸǾʹˡ
Է֪˵뷨ƣɢһᣬ»صͷǰľڡ
ӪĻʵô̼ԼӲԱȣڳ񡣴̼£ͻ¼ûϣͻ¼Ϊ𼫴Σա
ͺǰߺͼǧܵȺȻɣƵɵǩ֮ˡû𻨣Ҫ˻𻨣Ӫ֪Ҫء
ԷϾڣʮĹ¡ɵۺȻ濴ʵڽӪͽӪ䱸ÿһߣÿһİˡ
ĳЩ鱨ԷԼܸеĳЩ£һϣ£ɣ£
ǲ
ԷĬȻӰͷȡһݼľڣߵĸ˵
ߣ߸
һ˻ʵ߸Ͳ߿ˡǣߴʱ;߱ɵʵ
Է۲࣬Ͼʲô㡣Ϊɷӣ档ߺͱ߸ϱӦһΪ¡
ߵͻһԾΪǱߣִƾǿʵǵеӡ
һ⣬Բе⡣һ֮͸ı˺ܶ˺ͺܶ£оͰϱȸıԭĴ㡣
ԷͻȻиУĵվһ˿࣬¶̨ϡ
оһε̵Էģǲ˻
һһӿϢɲǴӻʹвȻһٳһĨй¶ϢԷεѡ
ԷⱲӴδǿϢ
ôǿϢҪôۣҪôǡ˻ʣ
ԷɲǴ죬ɫ԰ף
˻ʣڳˣ

ʹ
ԪȻбĽһ쫷ɵΪģԪγɵĳݻٵ
ɣԼݣ޲ԾؿһĻҡҷ֡
ɵмĿյϣķɻңޱ֣£Ԫ񱩲ĺڵϡ
һɲǣʹĴص¡
һĹѺۼɵ۽ӣȥγһİء

ɵ۵ĳһԺźζʧо̫ˡ
ףΪгֵȴۻȨֵǷ켫ҪʲôУںȨ
ԼӶɵһۿһƵŮڵϣæתƿߣסȵ飬Ҫץ·øסӡ
·ȴһӳ˻ҽ
͵ϲʤգ£ȻһʱӦܿơ
ϲ£ɵǰЦѡ
ɵİΣԼʰ飬Լ͵ġһᣬɵ۷ס΢Цͷ
һͨ΢Цڴ˾ȴһ൱Կأ൱ɵĺ΢Ц
˵һ飺ϲ£
ɵ۵ÿһ缡·裺̫棬˵ˡ
ζҹϲǱµûбԻ̫ã⣬Ҫġ
ʹ
ĿĻʹУϲЦȭһ糱ĹϲУָǣʾ˰·øԷ
£ʹ
ԾĿ꣬ʹϿռ»ʵ۵ĿЦϲÿЦһԵķУһ˿ҵĳ𾪵ؿֳȴҲһӵĲϡ
ʹ
ʵȻĿЦһһϢ䶯𺳡ͬһ˿ҵṫһ㱻ϢĽñ䣬̹ǣ
ޣޣޣޡʵۣΪȻľϲЦ˳Դֿƣ緢Ȼ
Ĵ˻ڵˣ


549 ھ
磡
ŭХҡãʡ
ƵǷ켫־Ϊۡ쭷ɣӰǹĴ̿;ù۷ʤ¡һ±׹ء
ʮɫĹ⻪ڹĲãУĴۣҲ·ҫһЩڹ
ۺ;˽սһһϳ˹ۣгˣһʱѷʤܡ
ʥϳ˹۾£ٶȺɱۣܹۡ
˵ҲһദĵطۣҲΣյġǣۣǾȥ硣
ȻϾ־ۣԲƽһйˡ
ǧܵΪܹۣԼģߵս̷ĪҪˣҪսԼսǿһ㣬ǾͶһϣ
ǧܵǰҲ磬ɱ۹ΪΪҲΪ۵ΪɹʺܵͣҲգý٣սҲ
죬ǧܵԺй磬Ȼһˡ
˴ǧܵڽսһط۱ߵĹĴ
ŭޱ޼ʣһεٶ£һһɲӣײ
ڣͺñȹµİ˸󶼶ɢڸ£פˣ۵ֱ̫࣬ԼǶ
βɱһϳ˹ۣжֱ
ҲоԼǹţΪҲġǹţļǹ弶ǹ˧ǹ
˼壬ǹɵģǹɵġ
˧൱弶ս飬൱൱ս飬൱ǿۣҲδؾ齨ٳΪڵġ
ԮҪͻ
Ես齫Ԯһ߾ս죬ͻ汾̤ƽо
ԮΪǱ½ս飬ͳϽԼֲͻҲǶ㿪ʱɨµͻһѼ⵶
νͻͻǿ˼
Ԯͻ֮޲ҵĹɱ÷ܵҺ
ֱǹŹɵľй˧弶йֳ
ߵǿ֮󣬼ﵽ۷壬Ϊļн׾š¸ͻЩилھž־ȳ
Ծƶƣ
ЦɳԾô£ô£
ޱ߼ʵĺͿ߼ʣһƬ󣬶ԶγİΧȦ

˫ܼǿⷽԲĴƬĽսǷڷԲһӴС
ǲ׳ۣ
ܷУӸߴս֣Ҳ佫սָͨӽսӴһս
ҪлԼµ佫ս飬ÿһ̳һսȻ˹ģĳսУָӲ
Ҫл佫ÿһһÿһ߱ͳսĲŻȹǿ
ԮǷ꣬Խ
ÿһͳϽһ֧ŰڹСսѹиСɲӣиս
Ȼ󣬱һһڵ̵
ǶϹ۵ĵϵҲгֵĵݵǲκź񺺾Ÿ˵ġ
ǿŵ̫ˣ򣬺Ȼʮ
ǿţʼΪнףδսɹﵽļнסļнףֻǾͨΪ
ʮͻʼΪļнףʱﵽ弶нסʮƽūʼΪļϽףʱﵽ弶Ͻס
͹¾̵һӣ˭
ĩԸһӢ˧иɱս鱧ȭ
ĳ˲ھôҾͿıݣ
ȥˬķսҺöɣ汾ȡµо׼ȡͣ
źҪ춼Ʒˣȥһϵ磬ͬţ͵У֮ȫܵС
ڿھˡ߼һѪڣ
ھͨнףƴųɸġҲΪǷ˼ĻԻսһ񣬳ʼΪ˵Ĵﵽ弶½ףʱǿҪﵽ½׵ļˡ
֮߳ΪھҲֻھǧﱼϮūһƺš
ǿţֻ֧ӱȡھǿǾǺ۵ǧھǧ־ﵽн׵ļˡ
ս飬൱Ϊ
ھ־ھƾ֧еŻܾκһ֧ǴɵĹ
һھ޵еģֱһȥ磬ַƣԲ˼ķʽڹɵĴио
ȷ죬Ա׺ǹھġھ
ھĴ壬һת۾Ͱʮиʮս򣬱һһ
ǹھ̫ɫˣ̫ˣȺ׵Ĺڳơ
һǹɵĳһ˹ڵĸš
ۣЦˣɸţˢˢװûôס
ϢһƴһƵӿסǣ
΢Цǣ

һ֣׼ˢߵĹţʱˡ
Ͽֲ̫нϢڹԼͺ̫һۡ
ƶһǲӰһֲٹӰɲǰȺų䡣
ߵЦѣƴʱΪ൱־ۣһСסˢңȹһء
ƻȺӦڻ£߿һ£ȼΪϸߵսȥ
ſŹɱɱ˲ٺḡָ֣һ೬־
־ͻھǺ۵־ȴױgһµΪ˧ԣ೬ҲͳϽս
ɣ־ͻھҲս飬һս硣೬һս鼼Ͷʴ֡Ϊ˲ӳֵϽףһͰѹ䲻
ЦˣһսȺףҵСǧܵǾԲùģһһ̵
ס°ͣ񵽶ˣҲΪһ᲻е˷ˣôǶءǹ¾һ룬Ҳʮһλˡ
ϧһСţȫ񵽼ˡ
ҪٸһţͷǵһˣֻǿĨȥͷ
ǿųԤڵǿߺķ˱ԤڸľꡣʱѾֻʣһ־۵ľˡ
һ־۵ľ겻ĸεȻûġ
һ־۵ľ꣬ԸһǧϵһšΪѹ׵ƣߺһǧһţҪķĻ档
һ͹ĳսûаߵļƻꡣ
ս죬ʥĴտҢҴ˹յĽһµģҲ𺳵Ϣˡ
߱ȳȡδսֱۣӺͼǧܵٶȷ˽硣
ߣǧܵ˽ŵģֻһ¡
˻ʵˣ


550 ˻ʺĻ
ƶˡ
߸оůůϣС
±߾ǣߺͼǧܵһŻٶȣ͸߶ȣ±ߵĹٵϡ
ڵƽԾȻǰȻ죺ʵһȥɡ
Ը⣬취ܰǸ˸Ƴ
տҢʥκǻ֣ʥ֪γһˡ
˵ʱϲŶԷ۾ΣûУһ˵һǰͬԿ˵Ʃ磬Ҳʲô㣬һǾơ
ʥüëǡҲǽһ΢΢һĺͬ齻񣺡а취ޣ
Цˣ˵ǧܺͽʥˣǲڶۣҲǴˡһҪսûпһơ
Ĵ۵ܡ赭дʵ⣬ĴΪβϹܣƾһ˰첻˰õ
ٺһЦһİͷӣԽԽˣޣ̸ס
߱ʾ⣬ǾǷˣҲбİ취˿³ĸ֣񣬿
Ƕèè֮Ҳ㲻෢չĽŲֻҪϺķȥҲᱩ¶ġ
˴㵣ʧЦѣһԶ֮ơ
߳ϣֵͷҪʲôǲƻ֮Ҫٳ˻ʣǾɱ˻ʣҪһͳǾƻһͳҾͲţܵӾ
һ˵һڻĽӽǡ
ҡͷ̧ͷƣһŵ˵ˡ
ʥ͵ø㣺ߣܴ֪ϻ۵Сӡ
ȸ΢Цţҵһٸɣ˵ǡ
ɰͰ͵ϣһֵģеЦ⣺˵ֻһȥɣʹ´ࡣ
һ飬ᣬǧﻯΪһ̾Ϣ

ĳˣŰ˿Ӵӻٵ£δ֪
ǣӴʹĻʵǰͲʲô̫ء
鱨ǿȻٵ鱨һЩ뵽
Ȼ˵֮ǰ˵µĹ⣬ڴڻɡôʵ۳ɾ˻֮ʱȻĿЦԼڵϢ֤ʵ
˻ʵˡ
𶯣Ļҵ޲еתĩһ㡣Ȼȷ˻ʺǶԴ˵ֻҲĩˡ
𶯣ױȡǿ⼸굱ƴ˿ڣֻһ˻ʸ񣬽һȼ
ȥ굱еŬ֮仯Ϊˮ
һزУþֻĸܳΪ°ܲԡ
еŬΪޣζҲһжҪĸӳأӸдԡ
ƾʲôƾʲô
ûʸʶҲҰʶСôһ仰ȸǿĲҲ޲ȴ
˻ʣ˻ʣ˻ʣ˻ʡĴ˻ƺĳһֵָ£չ
ɣ¡һȣһٵһУֲԾΪʲôûбƣ
ûΪʲôûбƣ
ƾһԾΪϵ֮ˡԴڳƾƣƾǿۺϹΪ޵һǿ
սȱ䣬ģܱǿв١һȵϣƾʲôȡƳΪ˻ʣ
ƿĴʵۣۣէûһָǶ޵һۺϹǵһһ㲢ʡ
ߺͱ߾У޵ˡñƼ򶫣ϡ˼ĵơ
ң߸ĺ̨ǱơƼӱ߸Ǻľǿˡ
Ĵ˻ʵУΨûбơ
кĻ
û׼еοƶûѡ˻ʣɣҲ̫ءǲмֻǾͲ˵ˡ

ڸСͬĩһкӰУǱĺĴ˻ʵʵʵͶЧѡ
ʷѪܵǰ֮һʵͼ˻ʶԿˣûкùӳԡ
ܵ߻ãôеطܶءǾ͵ùˣνߵ˺߲˼
ڹȥ˻ʶԿˡƩɵȵȡʱ˻ֻͳһޣûһͳ¹˶˻ʣ˾ܱȥ
βһĴ˻ʣ޼һͳ׷ǳԡܣҰˣëѪȻǾһûùӳԡ
ԶҪ齵ȻҪһлͳһµ
էȻһһͳµĻġ۾ģ߸ڵվڴɵҪû׼ʱһͱڴҪϡ
ôѡϵܹҪϸϸһ
һ˵Ϣø׼齵򷴿֡
Ĵ˻ʵ֮󣬴ģû̼ȫչսԡǡǡ෴ɵۺͻ壬ڸ;ãһֹͨож
ǵˣɾ˸ȫڳһҲ㣬㲻ҪңȻҾͱ蹷ҧ㡱ļơ
ţĶʹɻһ£ֹжڳļơ
˻ٳɣʱڻͨԼ
Ȼͼǧһɾһصļһ𿪣һʹϿգ̫еһɳ죬Ϣһ˲Żս⣺µȺʱˣ룡
¿ɵۣͷȲѣΧɵתȦ̾ȻֱʣȻ
ĪҪ˵ûʵ۳Ϊۣһͨ˳ΪۣҲΪ˼ˡɵһϢҵй¶֣߲ϾϢ
ɵ۵һЦ֣ӹ߽ĺӣɨʦͽˣޱΪȴ˿һ²
ɵһٻͷ̫ࣺ˻Ϣһˣ̫ͷ˵ǡ
ȻһЦǱһЩ¸ˡ
ɵһߴӺȡһŹ״һЦˣߣ㣬Լû˰ɡ
ɫ䣬Ҳʲô˵꣬˵ꡣɵ۲˵ĸʲôЦЦ
ͷڹ磬̫ʱˡ
ָһ㣬ʹԼǶʮ壬ǶʮˡһʱԾ֪ʮء
ɵһ߰ŪһЦ˻ˣƺǲϾԼսҡҡͷȻЦƺе߰ǰѪպɡ
ָʵ˵㻰ǻָͳͳɿءƲ죺νǸνԼս޷Ǿ˵˵㲻ǹȵ˳ɳԲС
Ȼб£ڸɵҲû⡣ЦУ߰ǰɵʢ嶯ǸͷԼսȻ˭ǸԼս
˻ʺ۵ľսЦɵ۾Բ߳ɳΪۡлᣬһɵߡ
ɵɫ䣬΢Цؿǧܣֿߣɱ㣬ϧɱмڣҲɱ㡣
߲Ϊ⣬һȻûȤһȥɵ񣡡
ɵ۵Цݽסˡ


551 ìܣɵ
ɵ۵ЦڽӲˡ
߲ĻЦڴүǰⲻŰ
ɵ񣿺óصһɵӰΣЦߣ豦˵òȻǼ˹ӵĿ̱һ
һ¡˾ĵ˵Ǽŵӡ
ɵۺȻ֣ÿһǹǿ̱Ǹֵô˵ȥ˲ֻתƻ⣬һĵϧߣǴɵбˡ
߲죬ɵЦЦȻǴһͳ֮·ϵ·֮һޱԼսףΣƵһ̾Ϣ
˵̾Ϣע޷ƽһս̾Ϣһ֡
Ǵӣжô߹ƽһսעҪӴɵ档
Ϊһͳ·ϣشУɵۺ֮עᷢƽսΪ˴ɵ棬ֶεɱߡ
ɵΪӣκֶλߣɱߡΨƽ
֮һġа۵ľ룬䣺ðɣԣȷ֮һ
ߵĳϣɵ۲޵ЦԴɵвֻ˻֮¡ԣףĪҪҵɱ㡣
ҲЦˣ˴˱˴ˣҲĪҪҵᣬȻһԴߡ
һԵļǧܣ͵޲Ϊ˵Ľ̸ɵۡ˴뱲ӣ⻹ǵһοĵҪɵԷˣȻһźĺദư˰ûһ
ǶôһĻ
ɵ۷һ΢⡣죬Ȼ򣺡˸ȥԭ֮⡣ɵ۵ʱһνӲˣǹ⿴һ۾Ͳ³ˣ
ҲҪȥɵ̧ͷ߱һҪԶš
εشʲôʶһܲǻ°ɡ϶ϣĳЩҪ
šɵƺܵ¶飺㲻̵ı߸
ţƤ˭ᡣйʰκһΨ˱߸Ʋ죺˻ʣٳɵġҪ˵ңһ΢е۹ģ֪ǿ϶ҪӦ
ɵ۵ͷҲ֪ӦδҪ̫áһ̹ϣΪ˵Ķԣ˭
߼Ʋ첻мһˣҼǵǴü޵սԡ߸ߺȻϷʵɱⱱ߸ˣʲôá
ܣɵĬȻ˵ߵĻǲпһ㣬ǲʵ
ɵвԱ߸ߡһ컹ǻǾһ컹ǴɵĴв˻ʡ
ԣսɣ۱߸вɡһֵĲһȥɱ񣿡
ˡɵ̾˿Ҳù˵ǣһȫǻеġ
ЦĴɵۣɵ۵΢΢죬ĩ˿Ц㶮޵˼αض˵
߶ɵǲ¶ҪɱʱڡʲôʱܱһͳºʾΧأ
ˡɵۻ̧ͷâʥλ޵ȴ׷𡣡
ߺȻ°ͣҲϡ
ɵסϣһһ䣺ֻʣߣƺһɱľѻᡣ
ЦУƺһǲ粨֮ɱҵѻᣬһʧҲһһһ٣棺᲻ðն֣

ɵЦˣһͷĪ亹͸ߣǧܣֻˣɱߣߵ̬Ⱦ޿֡
ߺĽթбսɵۺȻֲ̫ɱߡ
ɱߣǾǱƴɺǰһսûüܻܲ˵ɵۣһ˲ء
û֪߷ʲôÿصĺһԣȻΪʮ߸ɱǡ
һ顣ɵиоȴǰս
ɵ۽εжϼȫȷĺڽʥȥ֮ǰȰɡ
ϮôΣǧ̫Ͻս飬û˻ʣǧܾ;µһ֡Ǵ⼸۵סġ
ɵ۳Ĭã͵ȴ۵Ϣãɵ۲̧ͷߣ˵޽Ҳڡ
һƵЦ⣬һ˿ϧ֮ɫתȥʦ׼
ɵ۳ĬһᣬƽͣߣΪӣϣһȥء
ΪǣϣܻŻԼĹƽս
ߵЦ⽥ȥһ˿Ϸ֮ɫ֣ص߰ǰһ嶯ʢĻʵۡ죬һĻĻʵۡ㣬߰ǰ㣬Ҫʮ
ϲΪһµĵɫĻʵۡ
΢ЦתȥʵֵùϲǣﱣһݶеĿЦĹ䡣
ȻǸмıƣʵɱκζֵģͬʱǿƵģŵĻʵֻۡгǸϲŭɫҲӿ¡
ɵһɲ㱣ָɶΪâһɳȥߺͼǧת׷ʧ˵ҰС

ÿ졣
߳Ծѣٶȣֱ˼ԼǧܵǷ켫ΪȻҲ׷ϡ
ҪɳҰǧϢһսɲǺ壬ޱȵٶȡٶȿŸסĹ켣
κΣսǱˣ־൱ۡ
ǧÿһοҪ˦Ͷһٶȵս塣ѭΣĹ⣬޿κεʧ
̶̲ʱǧܱս鼼٣Ƿ켫ΪȻҲ׷ٲ̫áʵھޱȡ
ǧɫأͽһۣοҿ뵽⣬ǰڻ޵ȴʱ׷١
ۼٶȣֹ̫ۣĵط½ֻ½ʥҲֻܵסʱжϷ򣬹Ҳ䡣
·־ޣ࿪ޣ޶ڻشûġԣΪޡ
ޣֲںĶߣϱߣ˭֪ǲһޡȻҲýʥ
ǧ̾˿ʱȥˡһҪһİܴȥ
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ǧŭӱͽܣȥʲôǻ֣Ҫ̳־ȥòײҵһôɫĻء
֮٣ǧһѰͽܸ߻ݣһȥ˽ʲô
ЦУҵսܷءʦ˵ǲǡ
ǧܴסͽȥɣ߸
ʦ֮ǰѾźˡЦú͵ֵĻǡ
ǧܻһ䣬ȻһֱͽƵĴ
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552 ޣѰ֮
ޣʵһͳơ
߻ٶȳۣǰŽʥ˹׼
ߴ۷Ϊ飬ֲޡٶȾԲǧܺͽʥһʲ
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ȻиУץסһһϰգĿһ׼ӽɫĹâһ쭷ɶʱһÿٶȣ
ģˣϼ;Ȼûһ亹쭣ɫѿٶ̫죬̫ˡ
Ϊ֮̿Ŀ׼ץһǰȫٿ쭣ƾ־ӦںԽٶ׷ɴ󺧡
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⣬ǻһץһѡ

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䣬ߵֱߡ
ߺͼǧܣԼԼ֤ˡķ־Ϊõָһǰһֱߣ;ȥ
սܿͷƣȡܼĵ̺ʽ߾ͲѲӶ
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ִߺ䤱ҲΪȻչĹϵ޵Ķ̬Ӵʳ˵ޣ׺񻯸֡
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սͣҲΪЩ޶ʧ١ߴΪۡ
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ѿȶģԪĶһѡϸϸȳƵĿȷۣСĵĵ«С
ڵץ˼Ѱѩ«Сס«һͼ«ðᡣ˵⣬ѾǼΪѵˡ
غһڣߺȻиУһԾ𣬾ϲˣ
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553 ʮ֮ǰʮ֮
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ҪҳСۼǰ߹·ߣʵ൱Ѷȡ
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ۣһ켶װûСǿ꣬õ꽣ҲǵؼƷҲϵؼװ
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˵ˣھ޾зġ
ɱɱƽ𹫷ߣʱ׷ɱ˶ðʧ䣬û˸Ҹɫ

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߸˼ǧܣĹάʦһµһˡʥ̧Ƥûʾԣ߾ԼӦȲǡ
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߸мӰƣ߸սЩ͵ľһȡġ
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Ŵ죬ǧܵŴ죬ɱۺСĿɿڴ뵽һ˼ĿܡĪǣĪǡ
ǲ϶СĺڹһСţϱһεϥʯ
ڶ̧ͷ񣺡Ϸ£ǽ֮·
ɫâƺɫ糰Цʲô

ȻеԤϡ
ߵ°ͻǲһڵϣǡ֮·ǲҸС˵ʵ
ԳƤſڹ㸽ϸĹ۲һᡣҲ֪ʲôطһ֦ͱջһ׼ͱȥ
һɲǱཷǳ콷ݣܹɫ൱һһɽӴ
ͷܽӴǽ֮·ɱڣ˵鴤һ£ôȻ񣬻ֻ߸ſ˵
Ӧ߾ˬİ֦ðɣˣ˵ǣǾһǡ
ȻͷڵԼҲܿƤ鶯˼ΣϷ˵ǧ꣬Ϊѹ֮·
˸̾˿ôһ˵ӭжˡ
ǧޱ飺ѹ˵أ˻ʣڼ壬ⱾҲǵ
°ͣȻеѿϣǲų͢ģ޹ΪǸԵ׷Ͳһţ棬ߵϻһȦһֶڱ͢߹
ܳ˻ʾΨһǿߣԴˣӶ塣
һǧĽΪ֪Ǵһʱȣ֪֪ķ˶ٴѪŰ쵽
ƾѹ֮·ͽһСйȥֵҲûҪ׷סˡ
ɱ۵Ȥʵȥʮ˻ʣпԣҲ˵ˡΪλ˻ʣǵ͵ĽߣκЧңôʾΪȤ
֪ҾͲ˵ߺȻ
ƽϷǧǰв㡣ҲΪʱ»ҲЯϣԱֹ»ңҲϷȡֹϢ
ǧܵĬϣǧǰλڱ޵һ˻¡ʱľһս
Ϸ֪Ҫ½٣е󣬶ȻһϢΣʷǰǿ󡣡
ˣ˱볹Žܿ塣򡭡
½ʯ֮Σؽ֮ս
˾˵ǰ֪ˣҲȻû뵽оصز
ߴüģβԲ
һ±ºͣλϷǵǰкƵһۡǻһ⣬ϷҲһ˵ˡ
Ϸ͵ͷˡܻ֮ʱգ
¶һ˿ָŰ񣺡Ϸ֮·Ϊһ壬Ԫ©ȻãȴҲǿաȻѹ֮·ȴǺķԪ;Ԫ֮١
ϱߣķԪ;ԪϷѹˣϷԹ񡣡
ʰ⣺ǰۣԸϷ򸶳Ԫ;Ԫ
ǧܵ˴֣ǾȻû뵽໳ɣ⡣ۼˣŷ֣ƺôһ¡
˽𣬲ŷǰܲĶͳͳ׼ˡ
׳ΪضĿȻȴԤڵȫһ˭Ĳ֪롣
˼ң飬ؿߡ

žž
ǽϿۿһ飬һͷ˿Цõһǿʲôʲôûã
¶޳ܵƭӡɫ߸ЦȡǸ飬ѧоҪ̫档
ĸ⣬۾ȻҪɵ˼̧ͷߣ˵ʲô˵Ϸܴ𣬾Ȼ𡣡
ץ˰ͷƤȻ˵໰𣡡
ܣǧһŰͽܸ߳ȥ
ʼ̯֣޻˵΢΢ü
°ͣüĵлܲߣ
ɫ䣺Ȼ߾ߡϷǿˡ
죬ֵЦˣǺãʦ壬߰ɣ


560 ΪϣĻ
ҹɫˣ羵ĺˮȻֿһ·
һмСۺɱۣӺ߳ɫ졣
ûƾȥ硣
߰ɡʲô߲˶㣬ס
˵ɣΪҪߣںҡͷΣΪŪĳЩ£ɱ߻Եġ
ߡԲڰʾ£һȻĿĻûﵽ׾ô뿪
üͷһ壬ĨƽƣΣâһѾ̾˵ĵطء
˻⣬һԲĺһȥطǵ羰ˣȴҲСһ˵ȲһᣬƢֱӻ𱬵Ұ˵ˡ
Ҫ߳أһĿƣ⣡
˾ȣʲô⣿
ɫΣѣ˶ʱɫ䣬ͷβһֱ̹ԣȻӻԣ
Сߣ㷢ʲôˣͳͳ˵˲һǧء
ҡͷ֪ΪΣ㷲ĸоеĸо˵ؾԲ˵ĵص㣺ȳһȫĵط˵Ҳ٣
˵ز˾Ϊϲߣ
ĿأһĸоȻƭҵȣͱض뿪˵
ǧܵɫ䣬Ͳ߲
㷢ʲô˵꣡
ĳĳɫ䣬ɲҲ룬ȱļ٣ȣߣ
˵
ǧܵ˼Ҳ룬ɲǵ䣬Լʮɵȥ
ۼ߿ҪصɲǣڰյУײεǽһϢĺȻ
ʱȻɽһĳأѹסÿһˡǿǧܵˣҲһΪѹơ
˳Լǧܵ˵ΪٶȿνǷ켫ȴһɲǱѹƵٶȼޱȣޱȾ֣ʲô
ףҹɫУһȵ
ǧܵ޲ϤѹƣΨǾٶȾ˵һץסߣ¡һҪȥȴǺȻһ͵ĹΣصıԵէȻ
һͷʵײȥ类һεУƺһͱ

ʮ۵ĳȻûһܳء
ϤһЩεֵ
͹θֵɲǣޱȣһԲʮϿգȻһ㵭Ĺӵ״Ͽա
ǧܵȾŭŭȴʼûһͻΧȥ
ߴؿգε̾˿أ
ʥɲǰνһ񲻿ɵĽ⣬ֺޱȵնȥ˵һ𵴣Ϯ˳һ
أȻһ֮𶯲ѡȴȻκβá
ʥһʧ֣ŭ֮ࡣȻһȻѿڣǣ־ռ䣡
ŭɲƽϢǧܵ𺳾ףǱϸ¸򣬹Ȼ޴ڵ־ռıһģ޲һ⣬ôܣ
ҹУﵭɣӺδϷѣ
Ĳݵ췢ֻ࣬˿൨еĻ̾˿ˣʵһһ̶ȵĺƣȻ˶ᡣˮ׼ĺƣǾ͵ù֮УҪˮ׼ת
˵ΪȻױȵġ˵ˣ¾Ͳרҵˡ
˵ƺȤ
ʾǧܵȶ֣̾Ϣɽҹƴ۶̫óƭˣ˵ǣҲ֪˶ٴء
ɵǣ˴Լ֪Եı¿ܲһ㣬Ψƭˡ߿Ц˳ÿһϸĴԽȾһƭ˵Ĵмҡ
񵭵ϷĻδ
һЦʵڲ˵ġֻ֪Ϊһͳޣ⼴壬Ĵ˻ʣֻҪһ˻ʾ㹻ˡ
ɣȴǲ֪ȥǧʮ˻ʴδһͳޣΪ˻̫١ÿɷķ
Ҷʷʱ򣬾Ͷˡ߲ϣֻһ˻ʣôܶ಻ϲ˻ʵеطߣ˻ʡ
ʷмأʮ˻ʵΪ˻ĳЩ̫𣬱ոƷˡ
νúܲס˶ء˻ۣʮƴŲҪһӵϣ˻Ҳ·һ
߲ϣȴҲЦˣ˵ҲһĴ˻ûбƣǱʵ̫Ӧˡ˵ģ֪˻ôģŴҲΪ׼¯
ıƣԼǶ޵һǿȻߺͱ߸һͳ¼ǰ϶ġ
ΪһͳޣԱ㿹壬ôĴ˻ʾӦбƵһݡ
ҹźһᣬлϷԱп
ƨƲ죬ʼ磺ðɣ㶼˵ùȥһûˡ
ʲô
Ц˵ʧٵǶѹ֮·ôҾͲһһںδ
˵ܸһЩ۵İɡֻС۴ɱۡ
ҹ΢΢Ƿ΢Цԭңôϲ˼룬밡밡һСľϲᡣÿÿᣬΪǲء
ҹУ֪ΪΣߵĻҲƺֺֻϷʡ

渵
ǧܵȻȻѹ߹ϵİȾءӿЦκΣ߽ƻѣҲûˡ
岻ȥƺ·һ
ƮϷΪҪƭǣ
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һεĳһ˵һ¿Ҫϣǰһڣ类ʲôЩʹȥ
ҹԲѷóԽѵ
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סͷۣЦж԰յһǲûʲôҲûʲô֤ݵġС۴Ļҵܿ϶ˡ
࣬Ȼʧɫ赭д˵ˣ˵Ľ֮·ֻ²ʲô֮·
һĪ羪κһϮˣ׻Եŭ߳𣺡˵ʲô
͵ŻһѪĨĨǣЦЦһһ٣˶Ҳ˵һ顣˵⣬ǽ֮·
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ãȵ󽥽ƽ
մһԣ㵽˭


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Ļ΢в죺ߣ߸ߣ㡣
ŶȻ֪ң°ͣĿ峺ΪɺʧȥϵɾӶ࣬Ȼ
ЦΪɻᣬʱ˳ɾͲˡ
߶ǱˣΪʲôĿģ
õĿġ߰һһбȺ֢ͱƿ϶лӣŶĪǷǱˣһмùĿģԭ˳ӱˣ⵹ء
Ĭˡ
ȻԵã˼ɿת
ǧ˸Խɫ಻ס֮ɫԸһ֣ҲֹһͳµˣǶȻġ
ݴ˵أƱҪ跨߸ߡǣȴǸͻΧ
ƾԴǣʱ򡣼ǧܵҲڷɿ˼ͻΧİ취ɱİ취
ĳЩδܿ϶񲻻⣬Ǳضġƾ⣬ǧܵ˵Ŀ¼ᶨΪܣɱ
ô죿
ʥ˽ǲСرԵһǰŲ΢һӴĳδ֪ϡ
һɲǣߣ
һɲǱҫ۶ĿνӴһ£ʱ˵һ¼һըǰһڣɼŻһѪɻ
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ǧҧǰһ±ԵһɲǣеһӿľԼһƺߣɫɷ׵׽ıʣ֣⣬⣬־
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һɲǣʮϤֲֿ֣׵־˲ͺƸǶһͷΪԵ
ʮ۵ǳ֣ƿֲס
ǣյ᣺ƾҲƵϷ־ռ䣬ȥ˰˵

ߵ޲ĿɿڴĿһɲǻɫʣγһְʮ۵ıϮУһ𵴣ǹ
һϮʮԭأһƺߣ类ʲôصײһ£ɫɷޱȣ
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ķѣµ׷׷ϰգֽΪɳ
һת۵Ĺߵһ˽ĵطȻԲﶼȫ䣬޵Ԩһֲ
𺳾ףľؿһСǰеһУȻΪɳȻϸɳϸϸ㣬ϤͶС
⣬ǰĻľɽʹأȻȫǡٵģ޵ģ
ǧܺͽʥΪ׵ʮɫңһû˺һ㣬е𺳺;ֻΪһ޷׽ǣǡ
ǡǾ־ռ䵱У
˻ߵĴ󺰣ȴ޷ҵʵҲֻмǧ𺳾еĻ΢һ㣺һĻľͳͳ־ģ
Ҳּʶ
ڵУͳͳ־ģͲġģŵģľͳͳ޵ģڵġ
ͳͳ־̤У־С
һؿǰбΪϸɳȻΪâͶС
ڣɫ԰׵ڵץһǳʵĸоĸоЩȴͳͳǼٵģڵġ
߷һ桭ݵ
⣬Ǿֻô˿ֲ
ǧʩչ©֮ɳʱ򣬼ĻɳĮΪ־ʹȻɼǧܣȴֻĳ̶ȣ
־Ƿ켫ǿ֣
κ˸еεѡƾ־ûĶ֡
ǧܵ˵һʱ䣬;ĵķ֣ûлɱ񡣵ֻƾ־ѹסˡ
ϣֻߡһһ
ۣҲǵһĲࡣ޷κֲĲࡣ
˵а޺ķѵûвˮֲ֣̫ˡ
˵ľѹϢѹҪˡ
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ɲѪɫϲ÷ͷȴ̽Ӳסǧܵ޶־ˡ
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֪ߣҲ֪࣬Բ֪ߵͻƵļˡ
ҧסݣƴѹࡣڣԲҲͻơ
ѹ֣һѪ
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һ˵֮أƶСԶֿˮˣһƶһ߰ߵ˸͵¶ѨС
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رϵУܿͻָԭģǧİꡣ
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ҧȴڱЦ˳һ߹һЦ񡣡
ǧһյϥʯϣƾ˭ţǰɽѵĿֲһĻĻȻƾΪ
һ˵ɫңɫɷףȴЦˣ˴һЭ顣֪Σ
յ̧ͷ˵Ŀⶨڰ벽õϣûʸ񣡡
еġܵҪȴȻЦУ񣬱оԵɱǣǿǡȻȴƭǣѵ˵ʲô
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һϷűԽթϻ۹ˡһȻ鴫
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ĬǧܵҲĬ
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էƺüǧܵסȻǧܵȴԶǴˣһ֪ԼҪʲô
Ȼ޵϶һ˶࣬Ҳͱض룬δػжһ
ǿɣǿپڵĽۣҲղ
٩٩̸һȻа˰ְ취Ҳܲסȥġ
ĬȻΣ̧ͷֱӣߺõĶӡã񻺻Ҫʲô
Ȼòˣ߻סҪǧܵ˰ԳԾѣڶθеȷ˼ļֵ
̣Ǳֻ߲͡˵ۣԶˡ
ָָɫʯҵ˵ҪȥҪҲ⡣ҵҪǣԸȥô밴ǵ˼
죺뼳ȡǵҲҪǱȨӲ˲ǣ˺βһ㡣
ϷӦĿⶨϣϷ򲢷Ҫȡǵ
࿴һۣڰɫʯϣرؿߺͼǧܼˣе˼ǡҪǲҪ
ϥȥһᣬɫŹ֣Ҫ֮󣬷оһԪ䵽ƨ±ߵʯС
ʯԼǿʯͷγһϵҺǿʯͷγһѹơ
̧ͷŹֵؿˣ֪νͣСߣƺĲ벻̫һ
ߣߣϷ˵ˣҪǵ
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Ϥҵؿ񣺡񣬴ɣҪʲôǰ㡣
ϥ£Ԫ룬һͺϸĵĸоƺǿʯͷγѹơҲѹҪԾԸء
ˡгƣһִ֮ŵԣԶϿӣɣ˵òϷ´֮£ܳɾ񾳽硣
һԪϷ򻹿ϡϱߣ㻹רɡ
üϥתķȻϲķΪٶȱƽ˲٣һЩЧ
Լоסľƿɶ

һһɢϢмֲͬ
˾ḻܿԾֵؿߣҪͻˣ
ǧܵϲһڱСĴӿЦƽأǺ޲Ϊǿһǿһ㣬췴ϣΪһ㡣
Ϊһ㣬ʲôùĿģԼҲΪ͵İɡ
Сۺɱ۳ԾͣŶʮɣⲻϾΪ൱ˡȻҪͻƲҹˣҲ̫˼ˡ
ǲ֪˭˼ǧܵô۸Դһ࣬ٶȶ쳣١ΨһǷȱģҲ;硣
ΪʲôҪΰ˷֮ͻƾ磿ΪҪҪγԼۡ
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ǴﲻʵЩţ츳ࡣǷȱǻۣǷȱ
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ʱϢȻɽһ籬Ȼ
ɴӲϾҹͻơ
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ͽܣ
һϲ֮죬ӣҶˣˣгԵ𡣡˴ͣʲô⾰ˣ˵óԵģεĻﰡ
εƲ죬ѵΪˣûŰԼθڰ
񵭵ĿһۣгԵġ
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һ٣Ұ;գգۣܸһ򾡵Ļᡣ
߽ĻﳰһȴֵĲδ̫ҷӦ
ȻͻƣϳҵķˡתԣһЦô˵ķ˳ɾǼ̳Թ
Ȼᰡ¸̾һӱƵ̬ȣԼĳЩȻһһȤ롣
ֵðͷͷˣҺȻĳһܡ
Ĵ˻ʣĪ뼳ȡǵľԪ
ۣڶѨС
˵̫ףȴһ

һ˺»Եߡ˿⣬ĳĿֲ
ھԵ£һʮһͶ·ڴ˵ءȡԸԼ
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һ룬ҲֻյΡ
ܶ˶˵߽թڵ裬ڽƣоı£ƺҲ
һ˿񣬶ˡҲֻ͹Ҫھ·統УҪģγһķЧ
߾ؽƣһε裬ʹ񲻵òһá
޿֣ʮۣΪֱϰ񣬱İֵһǣýʥͼǧܷ飬˿ڵıʾĲ¼ɡ
֪ǷߵķȻδ˴ожٱʾ
һһعȥ
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ȻеլԣȴҲûͷԣÿĳЩ⣬϶˵˵ߵһʮһˣСͳͳ˵Ҳй¶ˡ
ϳɳصؿƿƲ죬θ̣ȴҲ޿κΡ
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Ψһĺôǣʮÿһָ㣬ϵ⣬һ¥
żҲָһЩʶ⣬ǾԵһǧԲκۡ
˽иеźǣϴαѹֹҲ֪ǷѹֹûͻƵļҲҪ࣬ǿܺ֡
ΨһʱͻƣǾ׮±ˡ
ȻϸĹ۲ãԼ˼ᡣκ಻εܴƣʱͣ͵δС
ʱ䱣ּȶٶšûסʱĽŲ
زأѰѰ١
ֹ۵ļţһֻҪҵߵĻᡣ


563 һͳ֮ս
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ƤСͷϣմȾ˴ѪŭӲʹɱһ顣
ɱժ׼ȥ칦ƤСŭŻӵҵİһ¼նɨǰʮףһƬƺߡ

ûƤСĹȻʺϾӣͻҲθڡ͵ɱսУκ٣Ҳʼƴ
ƤСȵ𣬱ΪͻҲ⹥Ʊ衣
ƴӪĸ̨ϣ󶼶ɫؿ½ʿսɱύһ죬飬ҪôͻȥҪôԼԴ
ǣһ˲ĲµʧѸٴƤСģһڱͻо飡
ҴҸڵһɱƤС˵ˡƤСĨһѪ˾ƿڴӵȥ
û˵ʲôսϵĽʲô˵ڵġƼˣӻҧأ󶼶Ϊ˴ﵽһսĿģóǧѵ˼䣿
ƤСĿŭ𣬽һʣµĽʿǣƵĲҪĳ
â裬ĲҽڶƤСĹ˲òսҲûȥģЪ˹ĳڵһߣһתУ˺ۡ
ȫ£󶼶ڸߴսڱ򴩣ЦˣƤСǺ
ɫһ࣬󶼶һջӪضȥ·ڶزӪѹϡ
սΧߡһսʮ
ƤСһǧʿߴ߳ɡƤСҲڵһߣشЩȥҲ²Ȭ
ս󶼶˴ԼǧﵽսĿ꣬Χ߹оôսǴ󶼶жǱƸıԭȴĲԡ
ƶԴĽࡣһֱּȶ࣬ðȲƽһ߽һ
˻ʵ֮󣬴ĸı䣬ƾԺ¸˲ԡ

Ĵ˻ʵ˼ת䡣
׵ܺߣǱơΣǱ߸
֮ǰ꣬߸Ϊϵľǿ˻ʵ˳Ϊ˻ʣߺͼǧܵȺȻʧ٣߸ĵλӰֱ䣬Դɵķâ
δܳΪ˻֮һֱñƾʹƶ׹Ӷ޵һǿλϣ׵ĳ˾޴ޱȵѹ
߸ܵģԴɵĹâѹ
ƳܵģĹâѹ
˶ףĴ˻ٶӦһֹ̣
ٵļڣƾ鶨ԣϣ֮ǰ´
ͬһڣůپ˳Ϊ˻ʵϣȴľʹû䣬ʮʯ쾪ơ鱨ʾٵԣԼдڱߥޡ
ң¹ûվţһе֮ͺԥĶԱͼͨһͨԴ¡
޵ҲⷢΪպɵľսʱ
£ƹأܼռ֮һǴԼƽͬһ£ǲ⽻Աﰵʹ
¡ƶԴĹңռʡܱӰ죬ʵƺеˣ飬ǰڹ½
գپʹչһιģʮĻսٴܣۡͬʱĴʼߵ䡣
ʮյʮ֮䣬˻ʵĹâǲʹ˵С˳ˡˣ߽⣬µ󾢵Уڡ
գϣ֮СԼӵֿ齵ٹˣ̲СҪϣеǿ
ʮʮգǱ¹ɱ»ʵۣ»ʵ۵СϢ𺳾ޣزı˻ͳεɻǴǾʹϨĳЩ˼
ѩصʮһ£ѹͱԵʣݻԴơ
ٵʮ£ɵ۰̽ĴɱȻðɵɱһ־Ĵ̿͵ߡ
Ϊ˹עǣ̵Уɵ۴ͷβ֡
һ׷ţ𶯵¡ϸĵĻʵһӡ̵£޼ȫ궼ڷŵ߹
һ굱УΪ˼̵ģߺͼǧܵȰ˴ۣȥʧٿʼѾһûгֹҲû
ҲЩ˻ע⣬һйδǨҪǨʿ
ӽһ൱ƣǳнķʽ϶ش߰ս
Ƴƽ꣬ȥʮ꼸ûսڹȥҲֻмϹģĴսƵľӣ˵ǿǿȱ㹻ɱҲǲʵ
߰սӿִ죬Ͻʬλز͵֪֮ıȡ
ˣܲڹȥ߰꣬н죬ȡϽߡ
δǨ־űƾ֪ĻϽĹ̡Ӵˣ˭۹ƾһԴ
ƵľϽ棬ĳЩ˶졣
Ϊ֪ǣƤСĻǨΪƷʽսǨΪƷ³ˣȻϢΪö죬ȸԶǨ
漰ѣϲµĸǨڴǨУΪ֪

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Ѫͷ¶֮ɫһ̽ϣ˹ɫҲã㼸ʱϣһٵϾĻҵϡ
תȻѪȴǴˣ͹ĴϻۣҲ͹ĳǸˡǺӣͲµһЩˡ
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ͬһ£ʵͳʰʮս١
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߱Ҳõģһչû˼Ƥ¾һǧӾߺεºܸ˵ʱ󰡡
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˱ıū۵һۡߺȻǱ
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оʦľ磬½۵ľ硣һֱӴӾǶȣɶԽӵķʽ
ۣ֮֮¡ȻΪ֮֮£Ȼԡ
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ϰɫʯɫʯϵˣʵ־־ϵӣһ
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ҲãСۺɱҲãֻӼǧܰ˵ĸľθڵġڵεУʵתΪȫԼĸľ
۴һǶȣ˴۳ľ˲򣬾Īޱȵĺôֻκһ񻰸ֶġ
һξΪġ
Сۺɱۣ˽Ҳ˵ƾĲֻҪԪ۹ˣǽͰĽ־
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ǧܰˣǰߵۣûдž壬Ҳ綼ֻ֪ĬĬڰ׼һҲΰ
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ǧܰһҲΰûŲ޵źˡɵȴֻ־ͬϵˣֻа˸
ģǹϵ޵ںδȴû֪
ǰȻϢʷУû֪Ϊ˾ޣ˶ٵŬ˶Ĵۡ
ǧܰˣΪ塣ֻΪ˸˻øá
Եߣһ޺ģĴʣ֪㲻塣ȴڼǧܰϣĳֹԡ
ѩںϣպܾãȻԲ𣡡
ǧܺ;ȣʲô
ҡͷû˵ҲûжԴ˽ʲô
һˡǧֶܸͽһۣǱڴ˵أ˰ɡҲ֪ˡ
Ц˵Ĵ˻һӦܿһͳ˵˵ţɫͱˡһͳޣ˭ֹеĲʲô塣
ǿЦһɰοԼС߻ս
ʵҲֻ֪ս岻󡣾޸ˣΪιעսΪĺİѵͼս鵱սʣ򱱲߸
ѵͲ߾ѻɣȻǡ͹עΪֻΪ˶һ¡
սƻû衣
뿿ս£ΣԻܴʮһٱ޸һȾţȻӡǣսҪ߸

ĨƽüͷʦƹĴ˻ʴԼҪһʱӦҲ˵ȥף߽Ĺſʼһͳս
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ӦһͳġҲûϵɰߥ޲ͦٺʹսĴʵһͳҪ١
еǿΪڣбƵȿ϶ᷴ׵ǿҪһͳ
⺷еʵĹҺ붼΢ԵֿҪһͳޣҪꡣ
һЦӱϣɾ·ҲҪ߰굽һء
ǧܺ;ɫһܿü㱻ڴˣҪȥңңڡ
ͷЦңңڣҲڡҪ뿪Ҳ̫ѡ
һ٣߿Ц˵ǲǡ
һûƲ죺Ī񣬾ȻҴߣ
ߣдһߣͬԴɫʱɷס䣺б´ϷƤߣϷٲ֡
Դᣬʹ̫ѨһЦƥٸүһסʲô񣬲ǳһƤԲҪƥˡ
¶ѨУȸϥ̧ͷƤȴԴԴϵƿڴ
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һ־ѪɳȥĻ᣺ߣĪҪΪϷ򲻸ɱ㣡
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˵ģƫûһ˿һĽ͡˺ڲᣬҲûһɺͺûʲô¡
ΪζΪλ֪䣿Ϊλǿŭ
ۣΪ֮ˡˣȴƫԴҲ˳йϵ
ĵף˵̹˵СǼһô˵һᡭʲôᵱżǧû˼˵
ǧֿܰЦᣬĪ˵ˡСҵĵӣʱǡ˰죬űһ仰ʦĶŪ
߶ƤӣѪǶ¶
ȸһЦԡ֡û˵˵ǣôȻûŪ̫ˡ
ƿڴǵǺεʿε
ʵһͲںʲôܣҲںʲôƤ֣ǳͨԸ
ƢԣȻûɱߣ˵ˡ
񻹻ţҹߺ͹йϵ
˳ĬڻʵĴУ֦ϵѿ̾˿ҿ첻ˣôԪұɡ
һ˵ȣΨһҪ󣬾üǧԸԪ֮С
ôǴȥ޻أļ
һȸɫŹ֣ûߣǻҲһһƭˣԸѹ֮·Цǿˡ֮·һԡ
ڣ˶ôôУܲĻԡġ֮·˵ƭ˵˿Ƕ
ˣΡƽĲһʵ
˿ЦĪǧȲһϢϲСҪͻˣ

ˡ
һεͻƣνˮɣеѶȡ
С֮¡ĶԽӰ˴ۣ˴۱ľĺôҪ˵㳤Ҳ̫ѣȻ߾̫ˡ
Ѱ˴۵ıľתΪԼĶδϾҲδжѡ
ΪҪҪתá
߽ͻƣ˴Լһһҹɡ
ϸĸӦһ£ʱȻ׶ϤˣҲǰֿɼ
ھǰᴿһ̣ųвء
Ͼǿˡҹ͸ˣӾܰѺҹɰ磬ؼָܹ۲΢Ķ壬һš
ֱ۵ģ˵ȫ͸ˮһһ˿һʡ
ֻҪ޳ˮһ͸壬ﵽһ۷״̬ʼձȫʢܣԶų⼸жأвʡ
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ڴﵽˡ
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ʼʡסǰΣȴΪΪ޷ս飬ӽ󣬾ͲΪˡ
ǷһЦǷ֮֡¡ĺôһҪûúͲﶺôࡣ
ﵽ˵Ҫ¡ĳ˵ͷȴ¡ҪȻԲ£ɵһڴˡ
׷ݹȥмشĽ׶Σʵġ
ƽ֮ôԽãʵֱӾսߣһԾӵǿʵͬţӴ˵õŵĵλ
佫֮ʱӴ񻯸ֵߣӴԶٵĳơ¿ŵ˵ʱ±¶ս£ɼһһ
ͻƵ֮ࡣû񻯵ߣҲһԾӵ˿ʵҲˣһΪʱ˵Ĳ粨
Ӹ˵ͻƲġʵҲ֤ĺܿ£ߵÿͻһΣһʵϵķԾ
֮࣬ʵʦ֮࣬һԾӵڿʵ
ʹȥ׶Σͻ⣬ʵģǼǰڼǧܵȰ˴ͬ£ڹϴˢˢӡ
ƺԨս飬ˢ̫нסдսͳͳˢͨ쾳硣
Ȼ󣬾ǽڡ֮¡ꡣӲϾﵽ
ͲϾĲಢûд󵽲Խĵزֻ֪ﵽ֮Щʲôʵ͵εȵز
ˡ
߳Եһ飬˼һ飬ȷгˡȻŲۡ
һۣͼǧܵڽϲõĹעԼ
һů񿴲ĽǶȣǧܵ˵һºͻΧ
û˿һ˿ᡣ
һºͻΧ˵ɡ

һתۣƽ÷ʮȥˡ
߳סǱܿѾȹ
ǧܵȰˣСۺɱۡ˶ܲһЩһĪأӡ
ܷ꣬ﵽǧ΢ЦȻһ£֣˻ʻʱ䣬תΪԼġڵ˻ʲ޵еģ˻Ҳ޵ˡ߲ۣͲԿ˻ʡ
߱һ־޴ĸжУԼǧ㶼ûˣͽܵİΣʲô˼
еѪȴֻնԣҾʦģڣұضͻƴﵽ
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Цֹͣ˹һһŵЦ⣺ңĵһ£һ᲻ֶε
ģһһӡǰӸµؿţҲ¡һΪȻӦõġҵĲֶΣж಻ֶΣ
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֣
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ʲôңߵعЦѨȴһɲӦһҵķ籩ԺС
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ɱĿ⣬缤һССڣҲϷΪУ̸ϵ⣬һڣ˵ҲûʲôԵõġ
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ǧܾȻˣ
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ɲǣǧٶȾޱȣһӶݡȴٿ죬Ҳ첻һͷҲ첻־ռ䵱С
һɽ¡¡ıر飬ĻľϤ߽Ϊɳ籩յĴ˷ӿ
һĻ˵˴ȻΪ񱩵ɳһֻһΪɳǴ˷벿λѹ䶯
ǧ˸ƺһ־Ϯɫ԰׵ļӰյ
ۣȻ־Ϥ
һϾΪ߹ԽеĲмЦߣʦֱһֱ
һԷѿڣŷһ£ɫ̴䡣̩ȻһɲŭߣƭϷ򣡡
ߺȻЦʦҵˣ㡣Ӿүƭ㣬ҺΣ

Ϣ֮ǰ
ߴһ֡ɫţʹŵ־ߡ
ͬʱǧ˰Ⱦߣ۵ٶȣǾǿƵǷ켫ʹһζ־ȼǧܵˡ
ҲͬʱʥСۣԼᣬгﱸҲдһһɲǱ˵Ҳ˵ٶȡ
ǧܵʮۣ£ǷΪڰɫʯϡûκΣҪҪôհ죬Ҫôô
ʱ򸾣ɱۺҰĴɫʯϱߡ
ǵһǧǵڶֵע⣬Լ־
ʱʥ˸ԻΪһâ¡ٶȣϮȥ򸾺СۣȻֹͣƨµʯԪ
ҪԾʯȴһĪ˸εϱߡǹӵ˵ԪԴԴϵĿкƨµʯС
ʯ飬ͺһ޵׶һĴ۵ԪкȻҲûһ˿ļ
ã򸾺Ұɫ䣬Ȼû´ʯȻ⣬Ȼ⡣
һתۣʥ˸ˡеԽʥһɾǿԼϣһǿӲķʽǿѹǹǿаӰϾ
ǣǳߺͼǧעԼ־ʯϵǿң뷽ýʥ־롣
һӵ£Сۺ͵ΪвȻһȫײӪ£δܿǹȸҰȻֻҡһ£ͼʯϡ
ãȻɫ䣬֮µԤˡ
ʯ֮ʣ߱ŭ𣬻ҡڵˮϮǺɫâҾͲܱסǹ
Ұɫֻ࣬еһԪкƨµʯпٵƨǸʯ顣ǹ֮ȻһʱѲ
ʥһͻϮֻǿоһ롣ʱڷӦһŭһߴ߶һֲ
ȸҰԼɱۣ˲Ͳƨµʯһֲֿ·һܰɿտӵԪйоԼľԪй¶
ʥ˺ҪˣҰĬȻҧһǣָɱۣҪң
ɱۡҪңˣûнգҲ˶ˡȻ˵֮ǰҰмֶδ֪־壬ôһƽ
ʥѣ˻ȣ
Ƣ𱩵Ұһ¶һ΢ЦƵᣬһۣÿһλѣƺҪ
λټ
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ԱģΪֱߵ䵽ۣǾһǧɱٵ
һɲǣҰϱһֲֿף޷Դ
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Ա־һпʯ֮Ҳѵķ۳ɰܣֻҪԱ־һΪ׳ա

һɲҲһɱ׳Ѫӿͷ
ҰĽ֪࣬ΪΣһᣬҰһ΢ЦȴεϡһֻҲȴⱯ׳һĻ
һ޷֮ڿڵĳһ棬ĵȼգյ١
ɷΪΪ
Ȼַ뻳УϢİĳرˡ
Ұʯٵɱʽʱܳʱסȸɱ۶ˡ
ʥǳô˻ᣬһѽɱۺȸ
̶һĹȸɱһԪ߲٣Ԫǿк٣ǰߵۿɼٶ˼꣬Ե
ŭ𼤵ѨǾȻϷ£
Ϸ򿴵ǣǵˣǾҷᱩŰĿ⣬翴һȺˣʵڸʵڸ
弴ûϷһ·һ
رĺҷڣƺ˵ıŭϷΪΪ²ǾȻ֪ԴΪأϷǾͻȥ
Ȼһڣͽ񡣲һ繷ʺĸӳЩϵģ㵱˭Ŀء
ʲôƨ񣬲һܣᣬ˽Ĺ
վǰӸµķЦΪҾͲ֪ʲô
Ŀһһ٣û´Ǳ֮µУҪ۵Ԫ;Ԫ
ɲɫ䣬ɱ


567 ˻
ʥۣ޲Ȼһɼһ
ʵʵɱϣȴ⣬ĸֶӸµ
һľ󣬾Ȼ˸оƸǹ
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Смֱ£Ǳ㿴ΡϷ򲻷㣬ֻҪõǵԪ;ԪϷܴӴȥ
צĿЦԳεĿͲǷ񱻲гֵţֻҪ̤־ռ䣬˭Ӳ
ΨһĲ𣬾ҪôɱҪôǹԪ;Ԫ
ǻǧ֮һмЩǰʲô
ʥͼǧܵȻ࿴һۣɫɷףȻ࣬ٿһۣ¼ᶨԭĿꡣ
ûʥʦǵɫĦӣüᣬȻЦˣ˾ȴԭôҰˣôûĻˣ
סŭصߣϷǴˡСӣǵҵ˻壬гЦϷĻᣡ
ʥ޲ɫѿ
ǧ˳ݾ񣬲֪ٴ˷ιҪˡ˭Ȼ벻񣬾Ȼ˴ײ
ӡȱ񣬼ֱҪķֱˡ
ʥе˲ͱˡ
ʱգ߶ʶ֣߶Ļֻ١˵Ǳʫ飬ɶǴͨīģߵǰѧá
ʵڣֻѧʣԲѧ
ǧǰ𲽲ãʱҪ˵ڳڳ£Ǿ;۾˵Ϲ
ʥսǰģ˼̳ʥ˼ѧʣչĻս֮¡
Ǹսǰս£¸ǿʳĴַʱĪ˵ʱδжĻУУΪ˶Կ壬ҲԲǸʱȥѧϰ
ʱʥ˲սٶĿȾЩĶһЩ鼮ҲѬһЩ֮ǰαװһ˹ĵӡ
αװαװıʵ׻ǵǸʱˣôףôֱҰݣֻҲΪ

߲´ˣ˹ˣм֯ˡ
ΨһµģͷԼ򵥣ֱˡ
һˣ;˵˼ҸͲᣬ߸ɴ벻ֱȭͷҹˡ
Ȼ߷ŤʱԵʱҲֱӲҴֱˡƫƫµľˡ
ʱµģΥǴƼ޲׼µĲǳ͢ܡһʱµĲǷһ㳯͢Ƥġܡ
߷֣ǰٲȻҰ
һ߽ʾ֭һصĶȸһۣұҿ϶Ƿ֮¡ֱڣ֪Ҳ¶ˡ
̧ͷؿСӣͷˣﻹôϻҪ˵󵼣ΪһºŶ֣ʮͶˣŭⲪȻ
Ҫ˵ģ϶һЩҪ˵ġ⻷ˣĿǧܺͽʥ˽һɫһЩҪ֪ģ
ΪɱǣϷȻ֪
ۣȻһЦô֪һ٣Ħ°֮ͣºͽ֮·ķǷҲһ
Ͳ֪ǲС˵أߣǱ˰ģɫ˲ͱࡣ
ͷҲ̧һЦǱġʲôôı£һ񣿡
ʥȻѿڣ񣡡
ۣ񣬹񣬻˭ǴҪǿŭ⣬һɡӿ˵ٷϻı顣
ǧܵĪһѪԼеҪҿĳЩؼ
û͹Ҳû߿ģȴע
ȻüһˣˣǵĻսġҧгݣֱĴмһ仰Сӣб¾˵˵ôģ
ǧܵȾŴ۶к壬ɫ䣡
߿ڣֵ³Сӣһ벻˵սβʱⱻ͵Ϯ
ģսȻڿҪʤʱ򣬱͵ϮˡĿЦ
ЦԹĹâÿһ˵ϣǸ񣬱ӦǱչŵɱ˵ģģӲᱻ͵ϮġƫƫģȻı͵Ϯ
ЦȴǱȿܡ

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ͬ㣬ʲôƨͬ㡣
һһסһսһԡѪĽ飬ȴǵֲסչŵһԸĿҪʤˣȻ˶֣ʲôƨ㡣
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һЦǧŭǧĻԹ޵Цб
Цǲ²£Сӣ㲻ڼһ£չŵΪʲôԼֵ¶֣²ɡ
Ǻò׻壬ֻΪ˰Ϊ߸ϣΪ෢չļһΪ˴ﵽһĿ꣬ԡѪսС
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ؿˣЦЦȴȿܸ룺չŵģ˻ʡ
չŵģȻ˻ʣ
չŵģҲ硣ֻǸ߸ϣΪ࣬ᣬչŵȴԶͳߡ
ȻȻţ
ǧܵ˵һ𺳾סɫ䣬Ŀ峺
ЦЦ᣺úԩǺúԩ˵Ѫȫˡ
ǧܵȸݱ޲зȻɡ
ƽͣԣսİɱ˹񡣡
˫Ŀʧ񣺡Ϸ򡭡۾һɫ˵ϷɱϷҲư㣬Ӵ˱֮ס
Ȼ̧ͷ׺ݵϷһֱûֻĳⷽ˯ȥĺһֱڻƺϣѹ
֪˵УΪߵġһѹ޽赲
ɨһܣʹĿⴥǧܵˣϷֻɱֲ그ĴΪ޵ƽΣ
Ϸǧ꣬ڿ۵İʱտҪˡ
ĿгϿңλϷһΣ
ϵĿ⣬üǧܵ˸ͬܣһʱ˼ҡͬʱ̾˿һɫʯ
峺̾˿壬㣬һλ񡣡
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568 ս
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̾Ϣ˵Ƿǳ룬ǿǳǳˣ˵ģҲһˡ
ûʦ˽ͣûҪǧܵȸǲڶ۰ˣֻҪһ˵ˣǺܿͻˣûҪصؽ͡
߹ϷʾסҷģҴû˺ϷˡǰƭңܰҺƵתģҲô롣ǵĸ
ǷԷθ̸ҲãƵҲãϬҲãֲ©ɫôȻϷƣƭߵģǵһ
ߣȻϷСˣϷҪƻʮ
ҡͷʧЦе¡ûϷ˵ģϷ̫ˡ죬ȴ벻ͨƾʲôжϷ
ҲӣЦЦҲ㣬ͷβҶûŹ㡣
ѹ֡ȻݼٺҲûáֱӾͲţֱӾ϶ͳͳǼٵġ
ץץͷƤпǧ꣬һͷǧԼҲɾˣ˻Ҫƻʮο񡣡
ԳһЦղıǷݱжˣΪҴͷβ㣬һᱻϷƭȥǧ꣬һͷ򵥵ˣһ˼ϸ˰
һǧˣĥʲôһΪõģµġ
ȻЦˣЦüį˵ǣһ˱ٴǧ꣬˽ĥʲôõá
߲˵һ㣬ƽ͵ʵֻҪƭȥණҲȻɵ㡣˵Ҫ˻ʵģһ֮ˡ
Сӣ˼̹ȻЦˣ˻ʵǸˣδչţҲҲΡ
ЦЦıģǸδؾǹҲ㡣һ٣ʧЦʵ˭Ҫ
ۣɫһ˹ʵֻҪĻǿƣҲֺܷܶɵ㡣Ʃ磬֮˵Ϊߵġ
Ʃ磬ǧʮ˻ʵ㡣˵˻ʣǸ˸㣬ǹ񡣡
ƺ֪Ϊδͷβ𡣡
Ŀһһԡ
΢Цֻ֪ǵһ¡ǧڴʧ٣ȴ޻ء
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˻Ȼÿɷ
߲һЦϣȫܵƨΪ治ƭȥҪԵǡ
Ҿǲ㣬ֱĲţûԭûе
ζһ䣬ɫһһ죬ԼֱѪڵζɡ

ǺˣʦǶǡ
ߺ˵ܱǸҲǣһ˽Ļ쵰Ҳܶɡͺƾշġ֮ˮ
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ǧܵܳƤԳƻ쵰ˣҲܽ޿κΡ
ߺļ˵̹˵һֱãʦɱеɵġЦűʾǸ⣬żʵҸŹĿġ
ұǲΪȻġҲŷ֣ɱ񣬾һбҪ¡
ĵţȻЦһ¡
ЦұĳһĿģҪһᣬʦǸ跨ŪȥʵһֱΪʦӦðȸɵᣬɵɡ󡣡
ǧܵοЦҲڹǰ߽ʹͷ鷳κΣðӲϳʵ̫ǿҪʧ̫󣬲ɱҪĿꡣ
ЦУҸıˡҾʦǣŪ㡣ͺ˵һŪ
ƫƫԴһ䣺Ū㣬ǾŪ㡣ʮҾԹʰ㡣ңʮһܸɵ㡣
һĿ¶׹⣬ȥЦ㣿
߲ᣬֻЦЦ֪ΪʲôŪ𡣼ǵ˵ǸѵĹ𡣡
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ȻЦˣпЦֻǡ㣬ߣϹŵĺᣡ

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ЦЦͻƵʱϳķǴԹ񣬶԰ɡг񣬷üе
߿˴סСһۣЦʼ磬ǰֻ߰˳ɵİաܶԣĸףٷְپǹ˲ˡ
ʰ飬ƽ֮£ȻǱˡ˵˲ζʵɵġЦһ£వĸӢۣ᲻еЦء
֨ȻȻ㶼ɹûһа취졣ֻĴԼơ
Թ֮ɫŨȻûȻа취ȻЦĴԲϷã
߸˵̯֣Һܸһ㣬һµĹ۵㡣
ƣûɵ̾ϢĳЩƩ硭ϵĳЩ
ߵ㣬սصƣΪһлյġ㣡
˼̾Ϣ񣬹ȥֶҪˡҲں֮ʲôԹҲں˭Ϊ㲻˻ʡ
ܲںĴ˻ʲôùĿġ
ϵ˵ֻҪϷĴ˻ʣٿӺˣұ֤һ԰
֣֪ǳЦЦСӣ֪ϷΪϻ
̾Ϣֻ֪ҪôģҪôûɱǡȻûգź߾ӶࡣЦѡ
ǧܵһֱûȴǸԳĬű
˵ۣеһУڻǻصԭ㡣ǵĿ꣬һٱ䣬ջǱ˲ϧһУҲҪɱ񣬼޵Ļ֡
ߺȻۣһţǱɡ
ȻӲסˣҲڲµı飺˵ʲôϷֻǰǵȤˣΪϷô룡
߶ĲҰ̾ϢαװǵǸԽУڼµһϲϰѹ˵񡣡
б°һ򾡣ͲĴεƭǡ
ߵ΢ЦĴ̼񣺡ǣĺС󣡡
ŭХСӣĴƵģ֮
Ϸۿı£
һǿ񱩵Хתѡ


569 ɫԪ
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һһε־ڼǧܵ۸йУͺñҫ۶Ŀâ˵Ĺâһ
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֪ηǴӱӾˮɽƺΪˡʵһʵɽڽʥͳͳڻ¡
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ǡǽʥͳͳۣ־ԲŴӴĸйٵУֺĲࡣ
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ߵĽƻʥŵġʱ˵ƣ˵ҲýʥȰŰɣȴҲһʱ䷢Լ־ᣬһɥʧˡ
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ΪͶò
ߵĻ羪ףתֺۣޱȵĽݺἤȻڵλ÷ն
ӿȵĽʱ˵ѤáȴһĲӰסεĹ⻪罣һ
ȻһŭŭʵһȻγһֲֿˮˡƾմ۾ŭصĺϡ
ƺһͬ˦ɳȥһصڶѨǽϡʹȴЦ񣺡أأ
ðֻҪΪֻҪһܺɱˡŴζ־
ʥͼǧܻ࿴һۣС۵Ȼ࿴һۣܿ˴еĲţԼϲ
ѵĲܶ
ޱ飬ȻϮҲȻ˿Ķģ׵ĻɫŰ׹⡣
ɫһ͸ˣʢŭߣ㾹Ȼ㾹ȻթϷ꣡
һǧˣٱҲȥһֱֻûĳ߳ƤҲͨˡ
࣬һԾ߷Ц㱿թթ˭үңͲүǲ
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Ҳǣôδ̼Ȼһζûֹδζ־ͽ䡱ߡ
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⵴ɲǾȻŭϡʥ޲еһۣ־ƺһ
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ʥǧܣߣ
ͬʱǧܶСۺɱ۴ȣߣ
Ҳǻ֪ףȻ̫ߵ˼ȴҲǧһҧϵİȴŲԸСۺɱԼתӶݣ
ߣûôףŰ־ϢҪ
ߴʱǡôĳֵˮϮһߴ󺰣ʥ֣
һӵļǧܵˣһƤϮԼĽʥˡһɲͨŭСӵɱʵӦҪ
һвδУȴЦѡб·ãҾͲ˭б·Ĵ
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һ˵ܶΪʮǧܣȺ˸ͲĶ֡κȴƫƫ˵С
ǡΪ㣬֮µУܻԵɣҲ޷
ȥ˵УҲһһСǣԷ٣ΪҲֻͣ־ܺɱԷ
ɽΣһȴǾ˰˴ۣⴳСۺɱۣǾʮۣۡ־ۡ
һԺɨ޵ݡҲ׼ˣƾ־ĲܰЩһ򾡡
֪ȥǰ޵ۣǵٻжۣһ¡һʮ۵ݣǵһΡ
ҪȻƾѹ˵ƢԣûҪĴεƭǧܵˡ
ǡʱһâէȻӣĪҪ˵ҲᡣҪô֣ұ֤һȥ
Ҫô죬¶ɭɭݣһӺ⣺ҪôղŪǣŪ㡣಻ܾˣһۣ
Ҹһᣡ
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ߵĽƺҪŭ𣬴ҡƽƣǸΪУǾͳͳҪ
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ʥԴԴϵɫŷһǼϽƽɽȴɫźˡ
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Ȼ䣬һȦɫĹ⻪һѸٵ
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Ŷһ׮£Ϊ˵һ˵󣬳һѪɬʵҵ౾죬Ҫﵽܷӳ
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ߵ˵ôܻŭһͷ߶־ͱ߸ɣ
žߵҲܲסֲ߽⣡

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ڿӸ̫ˣҲͲϸˡ
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һɲǣѣ𾪣˵ʲô
ЦĻһն£ұʦҲζĴ˻ʣͲʲôҾ̫ս飬Ҳܺ˻ʣ
ɫʱɷףóʮٸ̫ս飬˻ʷӵϵĻ棬ǻǶô˲
֮ǰɵȴۣȻ֪ս
ʱսңҲϾֱ٣ԹĿ⿴ߡıԭĳЩ㣬ֻһִСӱ
ԲСӣƻ̡
־ӿ񱩵ķʽȻϡ
Ϊɽ¡һ¶ͷѹƺһһ߳ԽԽǿһȴƴؼ΢ЦҾ֪ˡ
߽Цˣ־ѹȹ
һĴɽƴĴͷߵϡ
־Ϊʵֲ̫ˡ
ǿ罣ʥۣҲֻ־γɾɱ˰ˡȴ־ʵΪʵĻľ
߳һǿĴɽѹһһڿڵѪŻ
̶һĹ߰ɽѹݴУȴ˻ߵĿЦʲôƨֻһ㱾𣿡
ɣһЩɣ
߻ǰһͻƵһΡû֪ൽҪͻƣһھ־ѹ£еͻƵ
죬ҲҪ̼ͨƵֶΣǰһĻ
ܷͻƣڴһˣ

ǧܵڵرƴӴܣԴʹģҲ־ǿȡ
ʥ˼Ĺɫţһ߿ֿ־
־ߡ
ϸ˵ߵԴȪھϵķֻԦҲûе־ֱñˡ
ǵƴֿľֻмܼ¾ûˡ
д㣬ʱɱġҲΪʱɱɾΪֱӾͰɱˡ
ԵĲ˵ֵıµ޵ˡ
Ͼ룬Ҳ֪ǷͻơҪһԣǰ־ѹ
չˣ߰һᣬҧ壬壬ǲҪҡа취Ա
ԱŰЦǿ־
û˵ı߲ͷĴɽһɲǣе־ԴҪըˡ
ǰһڣһ͵ʹȥ
ѪߵϥڵϣȻϧѪս飬ƾڵΪѪҲܸһͨ½սء
ҾͿ㻹ֵܵü£ŰĿЦ
һ־ʹɽͬʱϮ԰׵ɫǰ׵þˣһڲҵѪ
һͷ·𶼿ҪˣӺҪʶըˣȴȻűܣ˻ߵ˻ƿ𣺡ʺһ˵ӣӡøһ𣡹
԰ס
ߵʶѣӼհףʲô¶벻ˣֻ֪ƴͦסˣһ˿Է񵽼ķʽƴƴ̼
¡
ɫҵı£һ߳鴤һŻѪڲϺϡһˣɼĳ鴤
ΣСˡ
ϲõķЦƽһΪ˻һڶеԵĻ衣
ЦݺἤȴȻһȼղ
ӡԶ


571 Ƿ켫
ӡԶ
һϲЦС
ȴĲһȼڴؼ
ϲ
񲻸ŵűµǸˣʵԳ֮Ϊʬ塣
һɽߵãһͷһ붼ϳɼˣ¶ĿĵĹͷ⡣
ܶ־ߵʶ֧飬ɴֻʣ±ܷӦˡ
ôһߣ˵ˣ˵ֻʣһİʬ塣
İʬ壬ȴȻһ߳鶯һ߷ɳĺ
Զ
ڵرļǧܵˣȻƲʷڣ˷Ƽ
ޱ޼ʵԪһַǷķʽҲƵľۼڴ˵صСǧԪԻһеĴ
ǻƻʱ⣬ɫ谵
ȴͻȻ֮䣬رùһ֮Ŀ࣬ӸеȻ
ƾۣᣡ
¶ѨУ𾪵ؿšߵ࣬һԾԶ˴ֲķʽٵ
˻ҪӴʦ࣬ۿɼٶͣ޶ȵȥ
һ˼ٽ㣬֮󣬺ȻҵĿϯʱγɷ֮ơĹ⻪š
ҫ۶ĿһȽȽС̫
ֻС̫Ѫĺɫ⻪мӽɫԻͣɫ
ʥĿɿڴϢгڶ࣡
ͻƣͻƣ
ܸоõԪһӦ͡һֶеľ
ʱ֮൮
һߴﵽʮ׵˶ʺᣡѤá
ûϵᡣһӵε࣬ȴߡ
ĸӣϵߵĹˣϱߵĿ׶ӣͺһۡҲֹֻˣŻôôֵء
ɫ䣬һ׺־űɱŰȥ
࣬ίʵһ߶ͷ۵Ķ࣬ٲȻ൱һۣΪ¡
˴ɫ䣬ȸȻףĿ⽻㣬Ļ΢Цһ
ƽؿӣصͷ㣡

ȸȻһЦҰ׵ķ˿ڷƮ裬һ̾Ե÷
²ɣҲǻݶˣݹԡ

貵Ĺâȸš
һĹâĻ䣬Ĺԣڸǡ
ȸ־ģ˫˫ԱеһжĹҫ»ҷ
һ̣ٶȥȴӵķˣ貵ķ顣
ϼУȻ΢Цػ׺ɷӡӽʶӴһ飬Ϊ򸾡һУʱ»صԷ򸾵˼С
Щ֮СϸڣҲΪˣһȴǺȻŷ֣ԭȴô£ĵףôǲҲǲ
ߵƲڵϣϢ棬һֹסҽһƴð
٢ˣ
ŬԼ侲ȸΪ˱ȹΣչͷԱģȸ
ӱͭǵһαá٢Ӻð߰ϼʹзųѻ٢Уս壡
ʥ֣
߲Ƶ壬漣һۿɼٶȷɿĻָȬ̶һᣬƾʹȬһҡ
ҽôֵ֪Ҳ⼸Щսҽˮ׼ƣóս飬˵Чɫ
٢սЧΪƸ壬Ψһʺġսϣ٢һսȥָܻ߳ɡ
ϣҲֻܴﵽһ롣
°ѻ٢ųջͭС°ϼջơȸԱһȻ޲
һԾվӲһͿҪˡս鲻ûУʵĺٺ١
ɱߵĻᣬһͲˡߣҲԻеͷۡȻ񲢲֪ߵʮͷۡ
־ѹǰһĻӶﵽͻƵĿġ
Ȼ߾㣬ҲȻ벻ȸҲ˶䡣ٲƴļսУƴĹɫâ
ɫâһαٽ㣬һɫ
ʥ˵ԪһαݽҲΨͷ࣬һ࣬ȴûܽסԪ
ɫ٣ߵĸоȵһʱҪǿ˼֡һֲζһֱ
еʥ͵ҲɫصĻ࿴һ۷˲ԾĵطڹţƺЦǵԪ
ǣţȴǴ
ͺһεǺˡ
һκܹս˴û
ǲιҲòΨһཻܻսģֻ־
Ԫ
ʥĻеĲ㣬ɲǴס

ߴԭأʯ
˼飬Ʋͷʹȥڲ׽һ㤵ࡣ
Ԫ
о˺ڶĺɫâܽԪ
߶Ȼһ̧ͷ𾪻ֵؿƺΪҪ尾ŭ
ϷɫâߵĿҪڳˣӾϷǰ
ݵݵ
߾ŭһĽ䱸벻Ȼǲ֪ˡ
Ҿ͸ֻ֪ӾֻϲѹˣȫڳǸļơɷܻǧˣһ򵥣һ̬
֣֣
룬ߺڹƭǰʥɫ䣬Եһ
ľŭ֮ɫȥһ˿ϧǷ𣬲ûõġ
ȻЦǲôɱҡҪɱңȾҪҴԶҲɱҡΪΪܻǧ꣡
״ĿЦչŵľڡ֮¡߷ⶫƲǧꡣֻҪ㹻ľԪҾͻһֱõĻȥȥįȥ
Ц󣬱ޱȿնһ˿УֻҪм۵ľԪҾܳˣɱңǾȰɡ
ʥ΢ף͹ŭ𣺡α߹ʮҲ͸ʮ
Ͱ֮ˣûָŻȥˡܿҪˣðƴһѡ
һֱƴʱ󣬽ʥΪֲһݵĵƽһ㡣
һйעԪȥϲķܴźڹ⡣
һɫ̾Ϳ䲻ѣƤͷۿɼٶȲϣһŭ𣺡ڼҵԪ;ԪСģ
ȫƲסԪڷšΨһģǰԼļֵھ
־
бӣ˲Աе־񱩵ϯ񷢳һƺ
Ѹƣȴſ΢Ц
һ⣬ֵ֣ܺˡһֵˡмǧܵ־ͬϵĺѣֵˡ
ϣϼΪûΨҶ²һøá
㱼䣬·صСʱһǵʧȥһе壬ûǮûȨûûΪ
˻ٵʱ򣬿ϣֻһֶؿȥĹŮĸøȴŶԷ
䡣


572 
ɫűһ˵Ԫһαᡣ
΢Ц䡣
ʥᣬ˵ƤĲ˵Щʲô
һɫ΢΢һ䣬һƺ
޼ɵЦһصɱңΪǲ䣡
ǡҲδأ
һɭߣӵɭȻҡ
ۣһ·Խʱնİѽ
ʥ˴ҵľһɲǱ޴ľϲС
޼ɵĿЦţ׿ŴŵɫЦţΪǻþȴ֣һѽǴˡ
ӹһʧܣܡôܴõңôܡ
ⲻܵģ
ԭ壬ͺǷֱռһ
ƺֻںɫɲǣŻͬʱһռ䡣ɫһɲǣҲΨһܽӴԷĻᡣ
ƫƫɫܽԪԣǻᣬҲûܰõ
ľŭȻ죺ǧûһܴõңΪʲôܣΪʲôܣû˱ףܴ壬ûˡ
ܻ֮죬ǡǡΪİ㣬ڡ֮¡еĺɫŽ塣
ǡ屻ͺ񱻶ǧһصĺɫţҪԴ⶯ԴԪ;ԪҪôⲿҪôȡ
ÿ꣬Ҫһ۵ľԪԪΪǳĲ֣ܰ
ǧۣ׷׵ġסԪ;ԪҲͱȡ˸ˡ
ô˿⣬ҲʯٵۡǴûܻ뿪Ҳû˳ɹ
Ϊûܴõ
ƾһı£ɴ򲻵ˣ˵ʲôûá
Ȼ죬һߣȴȻõˮ
ǧţȻһɲǱ񾪻ʧŭ𣺡ܣ㲻˵ң˭ܣ
ôһᵽζ׹¶һ־籩Ϊķʽߣȥ
־籩Ϣһײ
ãϲУһʱԮ֡ƺһֲһ෢žžıһĲ֮ȹ
ྐྵȻ¡ߣһʱϲ֡ƾĸо־ȫٳϡ
̫ѧˡ࣬۵һΡһεģʥࡣ
ķ֡Ҳ˹۾һӿϲϣԾ
ߺѧʿ̫ȥľѧʿӴ٣еˡ
࣬ܿȴмܲסڡʦмڣȴܲסۡ
˵񣬲˵񶹸̣Ҳס¡
˵֮ǰ飬ĿġһдУԳ飬ȻԲˡ
ǡͲ۷״̬
ڿע⣬ôѾ˻ˡ
ʥƴĹɫţϤ鶯ƤŲҰ׵ϳ
һг᣺ҵһЩ˻ҪʰϣͲڻ£
ǧǰǻ壬ͲǡǣһȺ֪жϰˡ
һͷ༤ҵĳƺ߱ȴЦѣжûʸô˵ʲôƨʲôʺĸӢۣ˽ļһˡ
˵岻Ǹ߸ᡣһһҪ˻ʵļһǲĻ

ԵĲ˵İͨ˻ʣѾߺ߲ˬˡ
ҡڱٵӣ˵˻ͳ£κͱһ
ʷأȿֺ˻ͳεиԴġ
һһһ˻ʣһһҪͳֱ࣬Զ˻ʡˣ߾ԲӦ

ʥ͵ƴĹɫţ߲סһЦ̼ʲôҲ塣
ŭ˵ʲôСӣͲҲ֪ǧǰʲôΪǵĸ߸ϣΪָǣʵǾһȺ쵰ҲĪҪˣ񡣡
߼Цǲ֪Ҹ˵Ҹ˵Ϊô𣿡
ҲҳϣΪʲôΪôǧһûΪƫƫսǰҸ˵޹𣡡
𣡡
һŭ֮ң»䡣
˵֮˵֮·Ǹ˵𣡡
ѪɫԣȴҲܷĻ
ʱ뷢һŭ𣺡ߣ
¡һкɫţ֮Ӵɫһεĵתۣտȥһŭ𣺡֣
˵һ±ɫȴǴǰĶԪһĿڡ
ˮûĿڣȻһѪûʳⲻǽԪҲˡ
Ȼףܲƣɫ׵ؿߣԣκٶȱɫżȡգźϰΣȴ˵
΢ЦŲϣıɲԱ־ǿƺɫӲҰˡ
ˮ˵壬ĵȥһչǵĺᡣ
еĹâȥȻš
׿Ųһ㱻õĿڣ첻ķ·֪ԼɡЪ˹ĿХҲҪᣡ
ףΪ˵ˡ
࣡
ɫÿγ֣ܽԪȻȴߵס౻Ԫȴڵġ
ˡ΢ЦǰƵһͨҵĹ
ںɫһγ֮ǰĴ߶־סĺߣҿֶܼã
˭û뵽Ϊͣէ۵߾ȻΨһ˵Ǹˡ
ˡ
ĿڱشˡҲԻ˶áǧϣݻ٣ߵĺޣֱ̹ǡ
һĳֲ־ƺ߲ϣ֧֮飬߽⡣
Цѣû࣬ҿʲôֵ
δ䣬ЦȻַֹ;֮ɫ
ߵɢȥˣȴһת۵Ĺ򣬷ֽΪ״Ȼͬࡣ
ʲôΪʲôһ˻ࣿ
Ҫ˵񣬾ǽʥǸոմ߸ļǧܺ;Ҳ˾Ե𾪵С
Сģ
һȣһккɫţɲһα
߶ס࣬ǰһΨһܹɲǣľУһԴѪɫ
ٵĲϣʧȴ΢ЦԱ־
Ĵ۵ʹһˡǰʦܣһֵģ
ûйʦûйĴ۵Ŭ
ʱ֪ǷɫżˣȻһ䡣ܱߵĿռ䣬֧һϢ߽⡣
ǧܺͽʥ࿴һۣȻɫ䣺ˣ
Ҫˣ


573 սսս֮ս
ãҹɫУϢɢ
ɫŻһһܱߵĿռ䣬һָԸԵĴ
ֿռУǣɼǰ
ɫҰף鸴ֵĲЦΪڣΪڣ
ûʱ˿̵жôӡ
ȴһ죬ȴǧꡣ
ڴɱ֮ǰͲ֪ڡ֮¡жֽšã˼á֮¡˰㣬ڴ˵ء
Ҳ⣬ӻšֱ֣Ԫ;ԪһһԪζһΪԪζ
һ˻Ҳˣսˡ
ĲԾֻۣۡǾֱӼȡڣǾͿ֮¡ٳΪۣȻټȡ
Ϊ̫Ŭ½ʮ˻ʡ޵ж٣Ȼ٣ԶԶ
ֱһǧǰһ취ĳһ˽һӴӵһͨյȷʽǹ
ɻ棬ǡʱǰ
ΪܣС֮¡ۡ˳µ̤ϳΪ޵һǿĵ·
Ĵ۵ķ֣Ӵɽǧ屦صԣޡ
ǧ޵ۣȹȥǧҪܶࡣ۵ԪԪι˺ɫš
ǧһοϣ
ǧܵ˵ĵϲмǧʮ۵ľԪˡڣ˵ľԪԪ
ǡ
㱣ԹĿ⣬ؿߡ
ߵشһĿڣһоҲɡ
һֱšһͻľȵС
ɫռ䣬һһڼӽ״̬ѡ
ɲˡ

صĺɫţһһ
Ӳ϶СøСǻƶСȻ󣬱øСһĿռ䣬ͺһص˺
ѽڹʲô⡣߬סģԻȻףʦСۺɱأ
ǧأˣɫһʲô󺧿ͽܣôߣ˵ؽǾˡ
죬ҡͷȻߡҪ˵ʲôȻиУһСۺɱ۸ڿһ˹Ҫߵӡ
СۣսȻɱֵۡĻᣬֱӶ˰Ȧͷˡ
ǧܣʥɱۺСۡ߻ˣһֱķ֣ʮеѾûˡ
ƨµʯ飬һߵ΢Сɽ塣
ɫ㣬Сֻʣһ˿˿С㣬Ѽ
Ȼһɫʮһī֮ɫɿһҫ۵ĺڹ֮󣬺ɫʧˡ
ƨµʯ飬žڵϡ
˸˵ĸоǺȻһӱĳһǿм
ۣͬʱ춯
ߴ˵˿ڣѹĻ˴ڣѪ
оڵζ̫ˡڸоõˣȴǺܿ͸е˺ѷεľʹ
༸ˮãҪҲˮᴩһκϣΪˡҲɲǣͱˡ
Ұ׵ɫȻһɵɫʣЪ˹ľŰߣͳͳҪᣡ
һתۣѪȻֹס
ӺĿѪģȻһӣվɨˣͳͳҪ
ߵ˵̱־̶ֳ֣ȵˣȻû̾
ħһϢȻȻľұ硣̤ǰһɽӵĺһȭ
žžž
ը䴩࣬Ҳǵվסţ¡һ¾ͷɳǧס
ۣ࣬Ҳ
ɫ䣬ɬĲȻЦѣҹգȻҵȻ˥ˣ
ǧܵ˺ȻһȭǧܺͽʥҲ첻Ȼ⾹Ȼ˥һȭ
ʢʱǸǶô£
ĿɲϢ̧ۣ־һ񱩵Ļɫâڵһ䱬߶ȥ
ȱһȭԶСɽУҪȴ׺ޱȵһд¡¡ļңСɽǱɽ״
𣡡
Сۺɱ¶־˷ܣһԺȻʩչǧܺͽʥԻУǻΪޡ
ۣϤ֣

Ŀ⣬һѹ˵ƣԶ֪񾿾жôǿ󣡡
ĲӬһһģɽڣеŭͰСۺɱۺÿѪСɽɳǧס
ǧܵİǹʥı۵ͬʱ֣شĻУҪ壬ȴǾֵķ֡
˫ȭǹͽϣ
ǧܺͽʥһܵüҪѪƺһɳʮײվȡ
һҪ͵Ϯľ񲻹΢ĵһġһѪͺ񱻴׮һа¡
һתۣϤҰܡ
У廳˵ؿ˫֣Ҽʢʱɱǣ練ơұ˼ǧ꣬˻ҲǺڹ⼳ȡ˲־ԪԪɱҲǾͶ¡
ҽ֣ǲ䡣
Ľ޴ڵĿһⷽԲΪ֮µģ
۰£˵ǲһһӡ޾ɲǱű
أ̺һҵĺ䶯ĶߣҲڵķؾ̺ƷʮɵĺȣһһĻΪ񱩵ĺˡ
涶ڡĻľɽϤһȭط
ߵҵĹÿһ¾ͺһڵ಻ס¡УɫҵؿƵ÷ڵɽͳͳ׹
䣡ɽʯ߸סˣȻƾγһǧ׸߶ȵɽ塣
ѪڣѪ𱬷бһͻƳƺֱӱֲһиñˡ
һ֮󣬷סʯ飬ת
ǧܺͽʥ࿴һۣ˿ȣս壡
ѵأ
ҡǳ
ȻâǧܵĿֲһУȻһһֳϿȡ
ʥһСҡǳȻĽ⣬ȻΪǷŰ
ɫмһᣬڱ򴩡Ԫɨϣɨһ˿ڡ
Ż£ȴѪŻ߸µ˿ģܿʱűȴ޷һֱ쵽
ţ㱵ľأǱסڴڵĺ
ʱŲƣ
ϽȻΪâնɱ


574 ľ
ӣƿ
ϽɫâڵҹɫлʣХնɱ
Ŀ䣬ܣֱַԪٷڵľתɱ
Ԫ棬߸еϢһͷҪѹñսĲɾն飬һصһߡ
䣡ߣ֧飬۶ڱѪһͷҪɢˣ̱ڵϡ
飡ضȻըѣһӰӵص״ڷ
ֲ֮ϼ쭳Ѫƺһһƣѣ͵ϮֵľѪһɽҷΪ㤡
ʥͼǧܸеޱȵĲصһŶĵ׵Ŀ־塣
ǿ󣬾еһ˵
ػڣûиǿһȭһţҲӵо춯صơƿֲס
ϣ
ǧܺͽʥҧ԰սųͿˡ
Ƕ˸һսﵽ̫Ͻףޱȣһˡһų̫սɫѸپͱˣؿЦⲻ
ҪǾɡս黥࿴һۣЦоȻͽʥˣһǿͷš
סʯڣں˶ս飬൱ĴۣͨҲۣ״θ֮ɫ
ȫʢʱԲں⣬Ѿ˥ˡ
ߴںǿסվһĻס񡣷ų½Σʱλã½ηС
̫ս飬ۡ
ʱգȻ˹µݣۣҲû̫ս飬οϽסۣҲųɾŵĲ̫Ͻս顣
ȻǼǧܺͽʥͻΪۣǶۣйۣսҲսﵽ˾˵Ϊ硣
ǿ硰ӡˣҲ̫Ͻս顣һ˵˵ʥͼǧǾ޵һ֣й֮޲
ۣ̫Ͻս飬Ǿ;£ΪǷ켫ˡ
һʱʣС¥һҹ꣡
ƺ౻ɢˣֻʣϽëࡣǿﵽ̫½Ϊ½үӣΪص༼ܣ
С¥һҹ꣡
ëҡҷΪǿµĹԣɲϡ
һеһʧ񲢾ŭĽ
ݵģֻһɲǵĽ½ү༼ܵУΪӵġ룬ƾһУɱһɱʩչؽġ
û뵽ûüɱϡȻȺʦһΣ
߿ЦԳһЦ

ʩչĽܡ
ʢʱסȴƿ֮ǰݵĽɲǡ
һɲǣս˵ҲǧѷĻˡ
ʥͼǧܣһɲȫעһעڱУϢأ
һǰδеĹԣҹҫһƬԻ͡
©֮ɳ
ֲ׵ĽʽȻâ˷Բʮ
еһУΪ˸ɰͰ͵ɳĮһ̫ҵһȼգлΪҽǽʥĲ©֮ɳˡ
ɳĮУҵ쫷磬ÿһ磬Ľ˺ɷ飬˺ΪĩǼǧܵĲ©֮ɳ׺ס
ʩչĲ©֮ɳƣҲвͬ
̫Ͻս飬ǼˡҲԸһȥʱۼһǿս鼼
غһٵݣɽɳƣɻ
ߵĶκһĺڶеϢûˡ
ݷģ쳣ʹëȻͿ־İСȻЪ˹ĿЦһâɣһȭ
һѣ鿪
ɽӵȻлΪĹ̵ˮʡ
Ȼ֮ˮ
ĲмһˣܿѩһˣΪ𾪺Ͳ˼顣
ʦҡʽһʽʩչģ
ǧʹͽ˵һ仰ͽʥһ𷢳Ŀͬʱʩչ֮ˮȻ󡭡
бѤõı˰֮𾪺;֮ɫ˲䲻ɶƵʣʽ˰֮ʱûнʽ˵ء
貸ǹһС
ɢȥɢȥսԴֱӱˣǧܺͽʥΪײǧĴɽϣɽײˡ
ʥѪµʯһ߸ߴķĹ
ǧƲ᣺򣡡
Ťͷǧ⣬ֻʣδľˣԼͽˡ

ʼ͵񣬺ȻǹһֱɨΧƳٲȻǲӵľ°
Ļɫǰ˿ϣһһӡһεڿסۿɫӿ
Ŀں;ϵ˿ڣȻһӱѪҪǮһʳ߿ȴܸоŵĲѪ
ӺȻζһ£ײײؿɽϣһţǴѪӿ
ֹסػ
ɱۺСۣէȻŭ𣬾Ц¶µ̬ʵһɨӹȥ
Ӷʱһǿ̧¶˵ǼˣҲʸ񡱡
ͷųɽԪžĺң˺ڵһɣرһףǧ׵Ͽȡ
Ŀꡣ
£Ĳˡ߻ⱻϡõĴأһŻѪһ¶Цҿʼеţǰ޵ˡ
޵½Ͽȣ˵ǧǰսġȻӼ߿ܷ֣޵ֶѺۼ
û˵ڿţ˵Ҳ˵˼ˡ
ȻߵشҪһͱɱǧܵˣͲڻ¡
Ψһֵܺģֻۡ
ǼǧܺͽʥͻˣȻǾս뷨һЦ
߻Եɺϵĸˣǧܵ˿һҪһ롣
߿ȳһѪԹͳޣӾ㻹ܴܣǾͿҵġ
Ͻҡҷһγһֱʮ׵ľ޽Ĵ߶ɫ޽ǵصȥ
۵һһѪֽıУ̱
Ϣ˰ᣬȻޱȵĺ
߰ţⷽԲʮﱻݻٵһУȻĪ棬ҧгݣӾұһʦǻŴȥģҲںʲô
֪Ϊθı֪Ϊξɱ𣿡
۾޹⣬ſڳʪ¶ϣǿ
˹һ˿еĮȻ˵ҪҲϣ񣬰ֿ֪ʱ塣
֪֮ǰΪҪϲϰ֣Ҿ뿴ĵǷϧޡ
ԼΪֿ֡弴֮ʣԼҲϰ֣˾Ԫ˵ǣıԼ˵ˣ˵ǣҲδ̫Цˡ
ߺȻЦΪû㣬޾Ͷˣ
񷢳һЦ
ۣӿ֮Ҿ֪Ϊǧûеˣ
֮£
泯ǿգ³ĸ֣


575 ֮
֮¡
ߵЦǳǳмǵһ;;Ϳ֮̽ɾ񡣡
ʽ©֮ɳ֮ˮ˰֮

֮ԱǣһȺֻ˽Ļˡ
ʽǱ䣬ҲˡǰҲ϶˰֮
ɣ֮¡Ϊλ˹İ㡣ɹսһ󣬲š˷
֮¡ܲ񾳽ıȻεĴޡ˵ʲô
зΪֻδһᣬǱΪָġΪʲô
ʽԲҲûйϵ֮£Ҳġ
û´ǸģҲͽ
񰵵۲һ˿þźǲͽ
ⲻҪ۲ɫһǰ֮ܲıϤղأָǷ˳Ϊ;סϵĵλ
гãȻҪҡͷȴˣƴؼ˻ŪġȻǷ˻ʵļֵΪӦ÷ΪҡǴˡ
ʲôʸǣ
Ҳ𣿡ЦǶ磬Ȼáʷ޷չ죬չõģǧİٹʱ
ߵ˵ˣǰҪսǰʲôǴҪģȥˡҪǣǰǸӢۣǾĻ
ȥʮ˻ʣ˶ٰգΪ˶ߣ죬Ĵ˻£ˣ
ƽҴʲôеˣûϵġ׷ɱᡭܲɣ˵ҴԼǹĺˡ
ɲ壬㲻˯žߵǿգԶ֪Ҳµ⹷ʺһʱҹǶôģô©һߣ±˲ʲô
ҪǳԺֵ֣ǿƵӷʤΣС
֪ҶûúˣΪôˣڷȥ˱߸ɵһ˹Ķǡ㵱Щ˾򽻵⳶Ըоһôѿȸڼɹ̫
ϱҳԵĵزмҲһأѲҼ˼ҵҪЮҡ
ߺȻŭΪЩ£ûˣ˵İӻҪڣʲôʺһĻ֡ú𣡡
Լֻ棬˭˰
߱ŭķ߷ȻȥĻһͨй
¹ᣬĿꡣ

ǺûΪ¶Ӻ
ɲʲôöһ繷ʺǹ˲ļһҲʲôû
ߴŭûϣҵӵù
ڲˣĶ϶˵ȣ
ȣҶ죿ߴŭ
ȻΪǧսѣеȻãλ˯ѵеѣֻ²ʲô³
һᣬŭйˣˬˣӾڸ˵ˡĴ˻ʣʲô⡣
һ˿Ц
˵ΪԼקˣ߼ЦӾҪ˵ҿ㡣ΪĻָ꣬û˲ɫûɻʵ۳ɫֱһҪ㣬ڿӰԼˡţ
ɻʵۣĿⶸȻһ˵ʲô
Ц˲ڰйֻ¿ҪﵽĿˡһ㣬˼ҺôҲɳһ¶ɡΪĻ
ûǡһͳµʱ򣬽֮󣬾پΧɱʱ壬˭֪˭ں
ȻþȫЦʱﻹдѪ塣Ĵ˻а
ᣬȻչգܺãʱûˡ֪Ϊβӣ
Ц㲻Ҷ㶯ҾԱĺ־
̾˿ϣûǸʯٵȥ
ͭð˫˫ǿս鼼һȥ
С¥һҹ꣡
ҹŻǧ䣬꣡
ʣµͬʱɲǵĽȻϽ໯ΪɫƮɢھ֮ϣһΪڵ
ߴʱ˿̾ûҪӣɱľ
ûеڶѡ
߼Ҳ룬˲䱬ٶȣһֱȡˮʹ⻪ҹյγɾʺ硣
©֮ɳ
֮ˮ
˰֮
Ϊ嶷ӴԪߵʽ
ΨһĻᡣɱôԱ£߾һҲɡ
ʽʽ
ɫ䣬ƵĴ˲ƶ䡣ܲƶˣȻǻ֮ơ
޾Ĺ⻪УŤЦСӣԶжǿ
С¥һҹꡱ˵ǽ˵ǶݵİѶһС޷סԷĶ
߶һǲɹġ
Ǿʯٰɣޱȵ־ĺߡ
Ȼ߰м˿ѪþһƳյħ
ͳͳҪᣡ
ʯ٣ıѡ־

ˡתÿһĻϵ˫ȣȻתڻԵСۺɱǰ
ȻԱģ־
ϣܱסˣ
֮̿һЦŴϱĳâɲһö˵־籩һѴأɽѻľϤɷĩ
Ȼâһգ۾󡣴֮̿ſ죬ҫ۶ĿѺҹɰĹâУŭ𣬱û
ۿֳŷЦȴȻһ˻ߵĺ
ͽ
ǧԡѪı˵ٶȣĵؿ۰ĵӣŭ𣺡ս壡
һƿգ˲ߺ֮䡣ͬҲ룬һԱ˺۵Ϊߵг
籩־籩Űգ
Ծ˺ѷΣʦ
ʼվߣģʲôƨ˲ǼǧʦǵΣյĹͷʦҪʱ
߿ʦǰĸӴմʦ˫ȶۡ
ߵֹסӿʦסƵ壬˼ǧףġ
ǿķ籩ŰݻһС
ǧũһ΢ЦĺأΪͽΪʦһ֮һ㽫ɾͲֻϧΪʦǼһˡ
ǧչ˫ۣ񱣻Сһѵӱ˫ۺǰУúûţ
ʦ߷˺źˮһڶ£
ǧ΢Ц˵һ仰
ѿ
־籩籩ŰԲһдݻ٣ֻʣ»ҷĺۼ
ҫ۰׹УȻЪ˹˺ѷεĺ


576 ѿ仨
ɽһա
磬ѳڻ޴Сڣ޴طǼĴ͸ǻɵһƬ
ȻҪһϸǾǺ˱󡣲Ǻ˶١
ˣûк˶ĸҲͲΪλûããƯڿеĿ״Ϊλ޴ڡ
Աģ־ĵص㣬γһԲԨ
Ԩжոֱܷ֣ڵ˺ͶԼֲأͳͳΪҽȻ󣬱紵ߣɢڴޡ
Ԩжû֪
֪ǷѴ½ˣǴ˼²㣬̶̼죬޾ĵˮԨӿˮλ߽θߣҲҪ˼죬ͻγһ½
ɱ۵Ļ˵ǣкܶϿȺͺ˵սдõĵطڣˡ
ʵ޵أϿȷ޶Ҫࡣ½һֱǧĵط¶ȣԱ޵ĵƽߵǧϡ
˵ս޴ϡãʹʱ࣬ޣѰµ滷
ˣСۺɱҲˡ
һսǽֹĵطϤɴݲķ档ûһ꣬Ǻѻָһ̬ġ
վڷУСۿԨУסθˮλߡɱۺȻʵ֪ʲôΪʲôġС¶֮ɫҲ֪
屣סСۺɱۣö˵ԴʯٵԱл
ֱڣֻߣСۺɱۣ˻
־ԱԱɱ٣һǧ
ԱʱϵΪֻҪϻһЩʱ䣬ǿġ
־ԱǾҪģҪԼ־Ҳɰ׳ա
ȻԱ־𡣶ʯ٣ʵ̸ʯ٣ɱϮ
֪۵ĺ־ԱֻشۣҲδؾһɱⴿɱǱϾ·ˣҲ˶;Ա
һǧǰɷֻޡȻߺѡλѵĵӣǵһѰۣ
ɱۺС۲һϼǧܵ˺Ľ̸ĳЩֻԵñȽ϶϶Ҫߵ
ӵһĻɣڶļػɣȻѰڴǰѰѰҴ𰸡ʵʱۣûа񵱳ɻ
ʦǵһһĽιͨ̽ȷʽҵ˿һΪĿ꣬Ŭļǧܵˡ
һٶνңңҲĳһ˼·Ϊ˽һЩңƴɡӶﵽĿġ
ϧɹ֮󣬷½ĹңûеҲûеʹΪеġ
񱱲߸ȻսȻмǧܵˡʮ߸ҲսɡһǿǶʱ͵ġ
ƣ̲Ȼ̸϶ٳޣҲûìܡڣҪָܴĵļʿߡ
ķ֣ʹһ·
ǧܺ͵ǣʵǾˡ˻ʵϢǸеȣеҲҪжˡ

ߵܿɱۺС˼
ܿ죬ʹӸ֯硣ɱ۳񱻹㡭һ٣޶ԵһۣżӴ˱
ֽ֣£ڹҪȡһľԪԪάģߵĶԡɱԣ˺һֱץ˵صۡ
ɫǳøСģƴСġ֮¡ûߵľԪԪӾͱ˸ˡ
޵ˣȻһɫۡʱûж˿϶١
ȻȥԶѲҲᱻɡԣ˰취һǧǰĳһΣץסһļһ
СЦ˵һǴɻ档
ӴˣΪɵļùĿɽܶһ㣬ʹɲҲϢй¶Ҳû֪
֮¡ۡôʼǾ޸֮ʹɽΪ޵һǿ
ɱ˼ͨɣϢ⴫űϢǧմǰޡ
ߵĲ䣺⣬ͨɣ׷ɱᣬ׷䣬̽Ѱĳһֻй֪ܡ
񡣡СۺȻ졣
ЦӾ˵뵱˻ʡʵ˻ʵģԼʮǰֿҪˣͿʼıĴ˻ʡ
СüҲһͳޣŽһĵĶԸġ壿
߲ϣĻ֣˶ټù⣬Ӻ˶ˡһ㣬ɷϣӦġ
һͳޣеԴԿ壬뵽õģҲΨһѡ
塣һʣɱۺСоͳ⣬¶ֳɡ
ߵΪžܰǿˣӾˣõġΣҲδؾͱ󡣡
ɱۺСۻȻ漴Цѡ
˽̫ˣҪΪ˻һҪ˵ߣɱۺСۣҲԲ̡
ۺö˶˵ھ۷壬ȻһˣҪ˲ڽŵ£Զġ˭̣ΪǷ
죬ĳЩۿ̣ҲϷ˻ʵסΪϼҴڵģȫùҲΪһ˻ʵͳγֻİ꣬Զ
˻ʣۣϵ֮ĵϵ֮ĵǿȻһͳ֮󣿵жôǿ󣿡
Ȼ񣬼ϵأ
赭дһԣȴһĿҡɱۺС۵𾪣Ȼ벻
˵꣬һŰĹǰϥ񣬵ȹ£ĬȻ

Ĺǿյġ
Ա󣬼ǧܵȰ˴ۣûһʬ׺ǡ
ĬȻãԲ𣡡
ԲʵҺʦһǰʵĿġһȰ˵ȥղġǲ֪һù뷨
ߴףһȲɵͽʥ˵УһĻ޼ҲģҲġ˲ûֻ֮һ׳
ֲɣ׳սˣһ¡Բһɵļˡ
ֻԼķΡޱ̧ͷȻ̧֣صԼ߸⣬ͳͷ״
ʦԲҵĵĿģʵǡ
һݵĻ쵰ˮϣǿҵκһ˿ģ˺ꡣ
̧ͷ̧֣һΣעԪڰ˵ĿշǰصĶԼ˰˴ΣѪ߰ߡ
Ĭãվڿն𡣵ˮ˲䱬Ѥý⣬ĺܿһɽϣ׭һ̵Ĵ֣
첻ؿд֡ʦǰĻѿ
𡣡
л
䡣
˥䡣
ĬȻˮݺᡣ·𿴼ȰڰУ΢ЦζôԼ˸˵Ĺ£˸˵һ
ѹ߶Լ˵ʦͽʥǣʵʡ
ߺˣپ޵˲ᱻȻҪ⳥ǡǡ෴޵˺ܰˡ
Ϊ˶֪˲δϣ
ʦǷģһúõػţԼĹʡ
ߣؼң
ߺСۣԼɱۣڿնΪâת˲ʧߡ
ãһ·˵أĿһеĺȻ׭ɽϣ޲˶һ֣
ǧܡʥᡢҰ롢ȸڴ˵ػɱ񣬴Ұģ²


577 Ʋɵ˻
ȥ괺Ĵ˻ȺԱչһͳ֮ս
Ӵˣ޸ֽʡ
ڼҴսһ֮ĿˣνĿˡҰĵǿ޲һһҪ˿ڵ̣һľΪĴ˻֮һ
ĸҰĲҲȻ벻Ҳã˻Ҳãֲǣ˭Ϊ˻ʡ
Ĵ˻ʵʱĻң֮Ļս뻺Ȼ󼸺ͣѾûš
һʱ䣬ʱԵɣγɵķ׷ʱĴ˻ʸսˣưɣһж˶ףǸǰƽ
Ĵ˻һͳµս޶һӵС
ڣʱû١ܴһڴ
»صĳһϣ˻׾޵ľƣƲɵ١
ƣ٣ǽм˻ѹ£ûзսûҰĵĹҡʵһֲĵĴ
ƾʲôֻ˻һͳһޣƾʲôǲУǾҪ˻ʽֻһֲĵ
޵Ĵٴˮȣ˵Ϲ齵սסһʼдɸٳĴԣɲεĳ˵Ϊһͳ޶
޵һͳ뽩֡Щңûһǳصģ»ʵԳֺɱй壬Ҳûٹҡ
ȻһȵĴҲڻսУһͳ֮·ѵġҲһ۾ͿǾԲһͳ޵ġ
Ĵ˻ʹУΨһоͳһսԵĹңͨ⽻Ԯʹδ֣γǣơȹǲôɣûʵ
½ɨĵˣžܵеΣգڶ֮ǰһһ¹Դ
սƣϱƱĹһԾΪ޵һǿ
ɴ˿룬ɵģǱơսѹ̫󣬴ʹ˱սԡ
κΣûбƵĵƣܱ߻еǿγ˸ǣơսʧܣѡһͳϲսԡ
ɵ⽻ڵܱ϶֣ȶǿ
ǴΪ̫⺷ˣôûγһϵ֮ʷԭġҪ˵£ǴޣҲֻбһһķѪĹ
ޣȴΪǿ̫ࡣƲ齵˳ҲᣬҪƽδػʣٹһͳ֮ս
Ĺƣ϶ǰһ衣
ͨŵȸַʽϴҲ뱱Ƽˣ԰еĹȲ̫
һ꣬䣬ԼŵַʽϾж壬ڰܱʰ
ǱƸѹ̫ݵһ£ʹˡ

Ƶ¹ƣȥ괺죬ݻȻĴ˻ʳȹ̷ߣð
ɵƣҲеͱˡ
ɲ뱱һͳޣҲ롣
ɵҲɵơ
ڴ֮ǰҲǰڶ޸Уۣûһָﵽһǻеһͨǿ
Լˣ̲֮٣ûɵȹĻ֡
Ҳã̫ıơ˵ˣʱıƣûзâҲû˸ев
ֱͳϽ߸һսսһԾϾ̨žֵĿƵǱв
߸Ȼ뱱ƣǾ̫ˡ
һעƣͺܿ췢˱ƵǱвƵֶԼȷ棬УΪ֮
̹˵Ƶ̫ˣܱ߳һ֪ʲôɻʧĶһĴ˻ʣŪ㱬׻Ͷ޸սȻʰо֡
֪˶ʹһ£Ǿһ޼ʵأֱײŻֹĶ֡
ʵҲãҲաɵģëģҲ·£Ǳ߸ͱ֣뱱ơ
½ȥݣͶЧ߸߲١߸ҲΪǣΨһпܲ˻ʴսĽߡ
ΪΣߵĳһºǡСɡɵʷ˵һ˫˫ĳزп˻ʵʵ
ߣսǧܵȰ˴ۡһ뱱ƣֻ֣ǱƻһԾΪһͳ·ϣǿ·û֮һ
ʵϣ߸Ȼ뱱ƣӰôɶץͷƤס
ƺָΪľĺܼᶨʱûкͱΪĴ㡣
ӱǨΪ·ͳֻȥ·һΡΨһΡ
ɰ£һ·˵ȴҲ񡣰˵ڽս˵ǻ˸ʱڸ·ϡ
ޣϣҲֱ˶֪ԵǱơ

١׵罻ӣΪһɴʱ֡
һûʱŤ׵а壬ҷү
ܶǰòҪ·УװƱ˵׵磬Ʋ˻ҲǾԵģܲס
ڸ߿գ׵ɻҽڣгֵǰ֮
СۣҲڴСǾֵ̫ˣ̫ɵˡ
һڻĮС
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ǧܵˣξɱۣɱ֪ҲףʧȥǧܵȰ˴ۣʹɺᶼе߷ǳҪ߶
Ҫ壬ġҲΪЧҲΪκκЧ
ʼ磬û˻ָЩѱĽߡɸңҲɵȥٽߣȻǷַӵ¡
͢ͽߵĹϵ϶̸϶ҲԲҪǻӣ߱͢ӽĺΪɵƵģ߱ӳ͢ͳͳ߹
¹ڻֻۣҪΪ͢Ч߾Ǹұ㣬߯ԽС
߿СһۣС۰ȻŪĴ˻ʣضĿġֹĴ˻һͳ£ҲұӦġ
һ٣С¶һεľģҲ
ѵС۱ʦǸˣƣȻ´·
һ·޻ǡ
಻лȻһµζؽ˲٣Ȼ߸൱Ӧóϣѧ֮Ԫ˵Ĺ͡
Ϣߵָ£ϢǱɽԺ
˲Ĵɤ𣺡˭
ҡǰȵİ˲ơ
齵Ժ䣬ˡϲ񣬰˲ֹ
ڶ˵ڴĿУĬȻã˴ʦǡûˡ
ûˣû뵽ûǼǧܵȰ˵Ķ֡ĺͰ˲û뵽ķ档
ʹ࣬ݡգɱ˵ˣ۰λͬھˡ
ĺͰ˲ͣΪܣ


578 Щ޷ġ
߷غһֱ
ķ£Ϣֻа˲Ȼĺ֪غͶ֮Ҳ˿֪
һսһֻ̤˹ŹءƼأʧѪ࣬νԪˡ
ӻ޷ص·ϣǺˣȴûáһʱ䣬ŽָԪ
غ覺׿˵ǴԼ˽ľ޾ơڵίʵ̫£ҲʵһѾ
ϸ˵ǾҪǣܶˡ
ϣۼͺͱƻཻˡľıս£ֹһ˵ϣߴսرƲս
ֻ˵ʱ򣬵ҿǿǡĹֻǹΪ˷߷ߣһʱⲻ
߷أȾǰ覴Ӿ״̬ѳǧܰ˴۵ı׳䣬ҲСѾͷʹͬʱ
Ψһİοǣ˲ֱˣسŵ
ȻߣǰڼǧܵķϣҲӦæͽܣҲӵıϣ򱱲߸
ɱۺС۵ĵ϶ǧǻڵʱ򣬵Ҳǿһ
ǧܰ˴ͬھĵ˾Ե𾪡ڴ֮ǰ˶²ɵĿɽ񣬵û˸ҿ϶
ҲûϱȥǰѼǧܵ˵ĿģԼľͳͳĹ˵ˡ
Ȼص£ɱۺС۴Ӧұˡ
ɱۺʹΪҪδ
ҡͷֻЩ£û˳ǲΪѡ
˽ɱͰꡣɱһǰȥˣҲϢһǰһΣ߲ڣܿˣ˵ȥˡ
˵ȥ˻ޣ߾ƵֱץͷƤ۵İ굱ʱڣҲʦǾͲȫսһԶд𰸵Ĳ²⡣
ȻΪ˼ǧܰ˵ҪǰġģҲʹְص˲пʵ
߷غͱ߸ٵһΣķü޵ľ档

ڵӣ߸һֱܽҲܵ͵ռȶ裬һһ̲ƹóȻš
ʶ֮ʿĹʶȫȻߵ˼߸ѾˣԼ
Ĭûɵַʾ߸͵¡
ȥ괺죬·¡·ֵһ˵ھԵ£
һ·ű߸ĿסһߣűԵֱ嶫ϣֱڡһߣȫ̲˾٣ֱӽضϱ߸µĵ·
ɶȥԱ߸߼Сס߸ϵĵ·Ȼ߸ⱱϡ
ɵıԺͶϹԣֶΣض˱߸±ϵĵ·γҪս԰Χ
⹷ǣʲսԼң֮ǰҲû뵽н졣
˵ĵģۣһ߳ԶʮǡڹսϱߣɵĻʵʤʮ
赭дĴ£ע⡣ȴǲɫ̲߸ϲ
Դˣ߸򣬳˶߽⣬򣬳ױжϣסŵ·ֱԴɵĻ
ǰɶӪǨƣ߸бǲ⣬Ա߸γֱӵľв
ɺӶӪǨƣ߸û˱вóһ趫Ӫڱ߸ϱ
ġߴӵͼһۣ̲סƿڴ򣬻濴ү
Ȼɾĵ£һ˵ע⡣˻عͷһۿģǱ߸ıΧ߸ҪôȥƣҪôֻ·ˡ
ƵȸΨɲŲæﵽʮжӶߴʮ򣬴ѱ߸Χصġ
˶֣ɿҡ£ʵɵĻǱ߸󱳾£Ȼ֮һܱס߸ֱѱ߸ͷŴС
ҪôҪôȥơ·
ߵѵͼˣҲҲһ©Ҳ˵ֻҪɺͱ߸սʱٰʮ
ɵʱû±߸Ĵ㡣ĸʣȴ˺ܶ࣬صģսȣضϽˡ
ս;ʣ˳ɶԱƣʣǴΨһĳġ
ڱޣ̲ʹ֮һõ˴ľʣȻ߸ǮҲûط
߿ŵͼһ·ˮ˼תǧأջΪ޿κεһ䣺
ĩˣյ覺ͺĹʼ磺ڣ֪һ̷Ϣˡ
観ɣҪ
ġ̾δҪԿǴ˰ֻս

ƣǧܵ˵
Թɹһǹûţ˳齵ˡһǰǰλʵԳ淢߸ǿļԱ
ƹɵڴߥ£һֱðֿĹңƳǵʱ򣬻ֱӾͱ˴ɱˣֿҲû³
ûһƹԲΪ߸ṩκαԱ
ԹɹǿṩһıԱԭΪľϸѡٷϴ˵ı߸δѣ٣ܼŪ˴Լǧƽ
ɿ˵һ䡰ӳǮɶûСԴ޵е齨˴ӣжʮҰսط
ܹӣʲôһ룬ʱܶԱ˸е
ƣԵĸʱգûһҵıڶҰս͵ط
˵һ㣬ɹǿﵽʮĹ׵ĺɱ߸ʮ
߸˿϶𸴣Ҫ񣬸ľ񡣡
߾϶ҪսսģҪ񣬻Ҫߺޱ
߸¡ֱӸũţһǧһս飬ûһС´ˡƼˣһڵš
һڡǰ룬ɽʱգʸôߺȡ
Ϊľ꣡
ͭľꡣ⣬Ĵ־۵ľ꣬ʣһߵɴ
һ־۵ľ꣬һľꡣ
ǰΪ޷ģֻҪԸ⣬ͳͳ
ؾţʢƾţţšǳŵĺѡ
ţçʼţ񼽨µĺӱţȽɵɱšŵɺѡ
ʤĴţŽǵĻƽţƳĻƳţԳɵĴšŵɺѡ
һ
븴˭͸˭ζܹǰΪΪƵĸܡ
ؾţ
ȴʼʿʼ


579 ʼ˵ͳͳҵ
ʼʣ
һսͭðƮߵϼȡѪָһ˿ꡣ
Цˡڴ֮ǰһľ꾹ȻӴ˹ز
ӹȥľ飬һ־۵ľ꣬൱ۡûù۵ľ꣬Ʋһ۵ľ꣬Ӧ൱־ۡ
һ۵ľ꣬Ըһ½׾š佫Ĺսڡ
ľ꣬ȻֽܷΪʮ൱۵ľꡣ
һΪˣΪĿķ֡Ҳ˵˥ܶ࣬ҲԺʮۿ⡣
߶ʱͺ䤱ûɱûСû˰
˴Χ񣬾ȻܳɹҲ治˵ãǲã
ܴʮۡսˡ
ǧܵȰ˴ۣһһ̫Ͻս飬ʣһҲԶһ̫нս顣
Ұ˲Ƕ϶սһսųΧսľ޴սпܻ
ȻǵˣȡƴԪ;غɫšѲ
ȴһʱˣ־̫ˡȱƴԱ־ƴܴ־ֻ½ξһزˡ
񶯲ʱ򣬸ˡҲͲǶ֡
֪̫أɡûӡ
һʹڱı״̬ҪսҪӣߺͼǧǸͺް취
ǧܵ˵оһʹȥЩ˼ָ
ҺȻϣɱĻǾŰɡһס
һ˥񣬾Ȼ൱ʮ۵ľꡣٵõľ꣬ţ븴ˣһ㹻ľꡣ
ʮ۵ľ꣬ʲô
һ۵ľ꣬൱־ۣ൱Ÿ۵ľꡣһ۵ľֽܷ꣬Ϊڵľꡣ
һڵľܸ꣬һͨϽս顣
ߺȻͷ󺹣ȥ룬ҲҼ㣬һľܸ꣬ôӴİ˼ͨϽսˡ
Ȼ߸еһĪǿѹ٣ΪȻҲޱȾ߱ѹ£һʱеȫӲеëȻ
ߺ̧ͷȿһ˫ѹ߹Ե۾ɫͫףɿܵء
ɫͫףһص̵ʵʵش˲ֱӣһ۾ֱػĴֺͷɱڵĺɫʱڳһץɱ㡣
ʼʣ
ѣǧһʼʣĳȵѪҪȼյģ߸еһͷƤ飬ƤĿܺͼ
ʼʸĵһ仰߱
ʼ˵Ҷˣ
Ѫ
ΪʼΪǧһۣ߱׼ս۵ĵһ人۵Ļ
ҶˣʲôѪ


߲һΪǰðʼʣһʯԹүӣػеػʣʼʰǧһۣõɡ
ʼʯһˣȻֵҶˡ
ָһ飬Թ˼Ҳܲٶ˵ĵһ仰Ͱˣ㲻ܲٶɡ
Ҷˣʼðһ
ߴ㵣ϸûɰս鲻ˣûһǺİ
룬ʮʯһתۣ̫ߣȴܽʵ׳ʼʾͰʯþ⣬ȻҶˣ
ҡ
ߴһڷ֣ʼʾԲǶˣٶʯƶᱥֵ̯ûˣ
ʼʲ˵ؿһۣȵԶ߹γˮýҵˡ
һ˵һȡʣԼһҡ
סʲô˼
ʼ߹ֱһǣڼ׺ܺãҵˡڼ׾ڻ޵õ켶Ʒס
ˣɡΪʲôЩһһĿˣһһԸ
ⶫҪˡ
ܺ棬ҵˡ
߱ؿʼתƣ۾ĿʲôöŪ
Ժ޵̬Ķ߬һϲĴЦãõأõذתߣﻹжأ
ܶɣӦкܶɡָϳûǻȥأֻãȻش
ʼЦˣеļ׺͵ȥһŷһ˾ѪϢּ߹Ե¸֣ЩأͳͳҪعġ
أ֣⡭ͳͳҪͳһƬأҪ޵ع˵㡣
Ŵ죬ɵûʲô

˵˵ߴʼϣѵˮͲסˡ
ûûǡ衱ġ
ûҺڽа壬ս̫ˣһҴҾͰ˳Ҳͳһһ¡ı顣
ûĵʼʣǺܺ΢һϲŭ޳ҲȽϺദ
ิʧѪƵʣ߾Щʱٸ
ڵΪ¸ͨϽս飬ÿαʧѪҲ̫ࡣͨнףǾˣÿʮ츴һսõƵʡ
ˣҲԪ
˼⣬ʱյԸʵϣȲ˵Ϊƾ࣬ʵ۵սˡ˵һСţʱҲ㹻ˡ
ŰԸڵôƣʵǾ޶ġɲǼǰһɻüëĴ
սһٶ߶Ըս飬û̫븴ģףԼģͼսûǸҪˡ
Ասô̫ս飬ֱӾ
ɬˣģԱĻ
䣬Ϊ˽ֱӾͻҷˡսӪû£ʧȥͳ˧Ӫʱ޷ˣðһ˧
ĳһЩǣ»ص˼С
̶̼죬סµսϣѾͱƷӴսˡ
ܱǿ֮󣬶̶̼»ƽϲû⣬ܿٱϡڣƺ˳ɻụ࿪ս
ҪҪػرƣ
Ĺﲢ̬ȣϣȥսơȴ˵ڵĿԡ
ǲȥҲǲȥ
ǡ̾˿³֣Ƶۣ
һֱûŪףƵ۾ʲộôرƣ½أ鳲أǡ뻢أ
ѡ𣿡εشӡ
ûС
ɻ¶棬һּǧܰûˡɵ۾û׼Գֱգץס޴
Ǻ̫˵ȥˡڲⶫôںġ
ϧһֻа̻Ĵ㡣
ôΨ󣬾ҪôǱƣҪôǽɽ
ǧܰսɵЧӦ̫ˡûλɡеŪ޽ڲٵĺĻ쵰
ƣɽ
ûɵ̾Ϣֻ볪һס۾ġ


580 𣬲μ
峿ﻨ㡣
һźҷúܾ㤣неӰɽۼ׹䡣
Ǻɱһź˵ج
һһ£žһײڵ棬Ȼһһתۣ˾ûӰˣͿһδӡ
ˬ
̼࣬ſڴ±ߣ˼峿İˣ۽ǲһ£
ءĹﵣĵؿһۣһеʧ̬תȥ
һڣôʵײ壬ҲδزˡɼܲסΪߣࡣ
ϳͲĴչȥĹܲļһתΣܲˣ߳㣬ʲôء
ˡߺ̹ϣѺĹһߺ߼£ȴֻú߿
ͷ׷ȥ˵ϱǲǸóˣô꣬ǰ꿹սгϢء㲻һء
ĹߣŭҵûӦ׮£˵ĿǼٵءһ٣ɷغߺ£㹻ˡ
߰ظĵð죺ڣҲӦҲӦҾ͡
عۣô
ɱвϳͲҾ˼ӦŮĶȥء
عߺҵŲӦء˵ţιԴޣʲôˡ
ߴԲѣŮŶǲ˵ĺáع棬ﶼʮأŮ֮£ȻûʮĹﶮöࡣ
ϱ̫ǸɶˣյģҲ˼˵绰Ϸˡ
˵ˡعЦսʤߣеĿġ
һá޻˵ˡţƾǰǻһ΢еļƵˣᷢڷر˿ˡ
Ҳ׶죬Ҳعû֡
ɵҺŪʲôءɩһԹ԰ұ֪ģһô˵ɵ
һߺͺɽд裬һЦָһ㰡ǵһμʵǿˣɱ˦ˡϽͻưɡ
˵ΪعˣܿأǸ֮¡̫ءҸоͿҪͻˡҳ˲ڣҲͲñ٣
Ķ߻ȭͷʾ
ɰˡ߾ԼҪˣϱһô߿ɰ·ˣ

дһᣬ˾ȥ
һ·֣ҲԵ֡һᣬعȻǡûˡô죿˵ҪءһȴҲĳߵĴκΣա
߸ĴգߵĴʮ
ǧܰ˴򣬴ʹ߸̶̼꣬һԾΪǿȻÿȥҲ졣
߿ס֣ްԵԱڻ¡գգۣҾɽһܣҵõءعϡô
Ųǡʹɵˣ˼ҿǺ޲ɱ졣عҲΪߣôࣺȴһͳ£ߣǲڻޣҲ类ڳ
ЦˣҾףԣⲻһֱֹһͳ˵ģĴ㡣
˵һҶҪһͳޣôҲʮء
΢Цϱ۾˵˵ڣһͻƳΪۣŲţ
ţع룬ͳˡ֮¡̫棬ܲ˵ľ硣
ܶʱ򣬵ʦĺѽͽܣΪһ񻯣Ҫ;磬ⴿ᲻ԴĶɡ֮¡ǡǡ˲ֻĶ
ңڴӻ޷ص·ϣһЩʱ䣬ʮս̺ʽѹ˺һĵر
˵ڣͻƳΪ־Ųţ
عɣЦЦʯ쾪˵ʮ꣬ڣͻƳΪϾŲţ
˵߾ͺȻŲţˡ
ڻޣ࣬˴۾鳨Լľ͸򣬾֮ͨ¡
ʱΪ˺ƭˣҲ˱ˣҲĳһЩľ磬Ҳŷ̽ء
˵ģĴ㡣Ŀסϱ֣Ȼǰžߴһڣ첱㣬㣬ʮ㣡ʮ㣬ȴһõĵζƷ
عﱻ͵Ϯߺ漴ΪʮŭžžĻӶȭͷ׷߱򣺡ʲôʮ㣬ҵʲôˡ
һ߱һ߶ܣЦνʳסУҰ㵱ɳԵģǾҪˡ㿴ʲôܽΨ䲻ľǳԷ
ֻôع֡׷׷ϣɴĹĵվסˣǳԵģʲôʲô
ŵ¶覲ɰɡˣŭĸµ¸ع˵ġ
ع죺ϲ㣬ĪǻҪװ֪
ͷҪ˵֪ǾˡһֱΪһֶʲôŮ֮飬Ѿͷʹ˾Ͷˡ
СѾͷҪ˵ϲɰĹǾ;ǳˣ£װ͹ˡ
߲һݵˣٿеġȻҲ˵죬ͯһֻˡ

ǲһι覺µĽ̸عһƢˣһʱֲϴˡ
Ϊ˲˻ɣֻżϸĹ۲죬ҲСѾͷɴѾͷˣȻƺü֮Լ¶ֶߣֻǱȼǰͲ̫ˡ
ΪʲôÿζҪ˺ͶѣŷСѾͷˣͷ覵ʹԼʮˣӦ̨ˡ
˽һ£˲˵𣬱߸вСѾͷĻ¡µģ⼸ͶЧģһ˵ͷƢѾеѵһ١
˺ǲ³覵˼Ҳͽû˵ˡֻۢˣżҲǿ۶˭Ҳóˡ
Ҳǣ覾͹һûˡûδı߸˭ЧҰ
ſڽࣺɣɡĩˣҲû˵ʲôҲ֪δ㡣
Ҳᣬɻ񣬱߸ûδ˵ء
רһÿʮոһս顣
ʵڵΪµս飬һɸʮϡм˵Ĺ˼ɣԸսš
ߵ׶Ÿ֮ĶǺܾˡδܸҪġ
ڵ֮߾ѡһķΧƩ磬ҪףǾҪһƳʵۡӴˣѡƳˡ
Ȼѡƽ࣬ѡΪ𡣾кܴļʣҪս
ȸؾ佫ѱؾ֯˵
Ǽģܿ͸һս
һѪȻָһ˿ꡣܿ죬սسǰһɱΰݣ
𣬲μ
סϲЦ


581 ڱ

覵׿Ϊ˱ʾȺҪϧظΡ̬ȣúصȽϲʤգȴôغ֮Ĺٸеͷۡ
ս׷ɣӦõġغ֮ȹԱҲϹӣɴԱ߸γս԰ΧȻҲó
бҪġ
߸̲󣬽ﵽʮʡԼǧ˿ڡ˵ͳôĽʮԵ̫ˡ
ͬڸǿʷü佨ġ߸ǴӿհֽӣڰѰḶ̵̌굱У̫ˡ
ÿߵδѣ߸Ǯⲻ˵ɼܲסôǿǣԾΪ
˵ףǮˮһ
ǧľ¸£ٳ˽ĸϸ֣γɶ־߱սֵӡսӣһɫǾ
ǿջӪҪķѴʱѪԼǮࡣǿɣʱҲֻмջӪ
пٷӦӣзһˡǰɾһ޷ս漣ĳֻ췴һͻһǧǴڴ֮Ҳûﵽôֲͻٶȡ
ѵЩͲǮʲôǾΪװѵɣ֯սͳͳһģǾǾ
Ȼܶ˶һ㡣齨񣬻ǮҲһġ
һλ󣬴һߺͶ֮ԹǮˮһ߿Ԫ֮ȼ·Ա
߸Աɱͺܸӣ⼸½ͶЧ߲٣ɾ͸ӸӡѧԳһɣͶЧֹһɡ
ǰģۢΪף観һɡԾһΪ׵ݱɣԹ齵Թɹֹһɡ
үӣǱ׿껵ͬбƱˣһɡغͶ֮Գһɡ
޹ȨĶǣΪ˵Ĺϵִȣ߽Ȼ󽥽Ȼγɵġ
湻߻ӵġغͶ֮̾˿ȴߵһŮ˵󶼶Ҫ
˽ȥ覣ϵǣ覲δ˵ʲôֻ˵ȥһط
һ·ѴشİɽԺسԾѣݱɽԺǼǧܺߵסνǱ߸һҪط
ĳƧԺ䣬ʾֱӽȥ
ƣôظʲô̤УһӾͿһЦɹ̫ϲ񣺡ϣ㼸ʱģ
ɡЦЦ
һᣬơ߶һᣬ˵ȫûĻ⣬ĩʾˡȻҴرһӣô
ϣΪôһȥһӵġЦȻܶ˲ϣ߸ͱƵȷĳֹϵ
Ϊ߻رаһȻǰ߲һȥأǷ߸
ȴߺ̸ܸ¶棬һ˰ɡ
Ȱ

պĳһҹ
ڲڣʾ֭跨߸ʡǮ
ȻһȷӴڴü̧̾ͷôˡ
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еһ˿ͽ䱸˶죬ȻһЦˣҪɱǰеǻᡣ
ᵭȻڱ߸úܳɫͶ£λسУҲһչŻĿռ䡣
ĬȻǷлΣл̸˵ҾҴȥơȻҲн졣һ٣ȴ̸ˣжϵˣҲˡ
˾̸磬ǳǳһЦҲδء
سһ᣺ϼǰټңܻһʱ䡣֣ȥȴ˵һЩûĻߵʱ˵㷵رһӡȻԻ󲻽⡣
̸ЦͨңҪرˣǷҪɫʱɷף˵һըˣ̸֪Ĺϵ
ĪҪġ̸絭֪³򣬲δ㡣
пվһҪȥ߱⡣̸¶ǳǳЦ⣬Ȼ粻Ͳ粻͡Ҫ˵
뱱ƣֻˣһ覣һ£ȻͶ֮Ĺϵأض˵УһһǱµߡ
Դˣδؾûд⡣覣֮ûᣬǱҪô£Ҫô㡣ȻҲ¡
شĶԭأ类һŰϴڴϢȴɫҰף֪˵ңҡûϸҲ뱳
̸ʧЦԵºͣ˽Ϊرޡʵʱǳ㣬¡
һ仰̸û˵ڡ߽ʱյΪ͵λͷźʹؾʲô˵һ㣬׸δعʸƽȶԻ
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̸ȻʣشƵãȻش𣺡ˣ
̸ǳЦº͵תʧںҹУһ仰أƮҪĴ𰸣ڱơ

ҪĴ𰸣ڱƣ
ʧЦҪĴ𰸣Ǹ𰸣Ҳһֱ̽Ѱġƻ϶
ϣҡ
߷ۣشһͿһʱղˣҪ˵Ǿͷðˣڰִϣ㲻˵㣬㣬͹ˡ
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̸ҪģߵˡҲϹˣ̸Ϲϵõĳһӡ֤ĳһ뷨
תĻȻܼ򵥣ȴҲ߲ܶˡ
˵̸ĲµʲôˣڹأץͷƤҲץĴ󺰼
಻һ˸ˡ
Ҳδؾʲô·
ⶫʼһϵıʼҪǱΣ
׷ɱᣬǴһƺĳЩôɵģҲȻ⡣
Ϊʲô׷ɱȻΪһΪҪĴܡ
ڵΪҲй¶·Ǳڵж׷ɱ
֪ʲôܡ
ûᣬֱ׷ɱ൱ѿѻĺᣬҲ˲ķ䡣
ʧЦԼǰɱһᣬʵʥ˺͹˼ҵĻѪ
ʥ˺͹˼ѻָΪ顣˼ҿһֱһŽ߸ƽͷơ
⹷ʺһʼջҪرƽ
ƣӵأɱ֮ءû⣬Ҳǹ˯ѵĵط
صĶʼҪصƵģܶìͷָ˱ơ
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582 Ƶ֮飬
Ǵ֮
ǣ˵߸ȴǷƽ˾νһƬꡣڱ߸ĵϣһ³ƽûսҵĴ
ʹĳЩ˵ĳЩþΪ̫ƽˡ
ҲˣҲˣѹȥεĳڲź
ʱƵ۽ˡ
ƵһֱǴڵġģֻΡһΣ߻ûȥޣֱˣǰԸڨڨȤıˡ
ڶΣһǰѹȥġ
ѹˣαҲӿ
覿գ۰Ͱ͵ؿĳˣ߸磬Ҫء
ףɹ̫һƲ죬٩⣬⣬СѾͷŭӣæ˵߸̫ˡ
СѾͷȥۢ򡭡
ûá룬һȰۢˡʱδۢ˼ˣ˺ܶ˵뷨
СѾͷС죬е⡣߷⣬Ȼ룺СѾͷܿ͸һ㣬˵൱۹ˣǴء
Ȱǰۢȱġ
Ȼ죬ǾľͲˡԾһΪ׵ıɣͶЧɣ֮Ϊ׵ѧһҲʾ֧֡
ܶΪǱ׿껵ȱɣǷԣȻʵǲ̬ʾͬҲʾԣǳĬȨɡ
ΨһȷʾԵģǡǡ෴ǴغͶ֮Ϊ׵һɡһҰģ֪ص˵̬ȣʵߵĽ
ȰǶϷǡǡ෴˱߸Ƿ˳һؼ
߸һ壬ͳϽʮʡĽǧ˿ڣΣ̸˳һƵ۽ռ˴塣
ڲԱƵ۽üޣбҪ¡
ѧ֮ʹҵΪǰ̫¡Ϊ磬ǰעٳٳƵۣѧɵ˾ͲΣ൱֧ѾԵþϲ⡣
ǣ֮Ϊ׵ѧɱ֧Ȱ

ᡣ߽
Ҳף߸ȰҲδΪһ˽õЧд塣
ĳЩ˵ۢڣ߸ڲȻڵ߶Ա߸ǰ;λǲ뱱ƣһֱĳЩǵġ
߲ϣƵ۽кܴĺô߸ҲδػᴥǾ仰ɼɵĲǱ߸ߡ
ɵ߸ȥ޵ʱ򣬾Ͳƽ߸ˡԣ߸񣬴治ںֻ»Ͳء
ҲãҲáµɵģ޷ǾǱ߸뱱ơӱ˵߻ع鱱ơ
ʹɰͲһ߸Աߣǣߣʹ޷ع鱱ơø룬߲ѣѵɱˡ
˵˶Լǧܰ˵ļɵ˵һһܣɽһ꣬ʮ˭ҵõ
߲ܶ˯ž
ɲϹ߸Ƶ۲ϵˣһ뱱ƣƵȻɱϵƤСĵˣ߾ųɾԺԲرˡ
Ƶ۲ϵˣ֮߶ʮ࣬ʱգɲڳﱸرˡ
ʱ˵ƵۣõġĺСѾͷͣڵ岻󡣡
߸˻ʵʱͲǵǱΪһɵߡ
СѾͷСѾͷôЩ߾Ͳˡ
߳˼ĥ˰죬ҡͷļɹ̫
ɫˣͺĹһһȻڰɽԺÿһζıܿϲߡ
賿ʱ֣ȻУչһεĸ
һ߼ĸһ𣬿ҪôףҪն¡
ؾͳ˧ؽһ佫ս飬ݽλͳϽһٵһǧսһ佫ս飬ݽλͳϽһǧһ
佫ս飬ͳϽһʮ򡣶ͨ켶佫ս飬ͳϽʮʮս顣
Ȼⲻ˽š
߻ûģؾţҲҪһɱʱ˵´ࡣ֮£߸ееģΪ͸ʵ
ҪףҪǰƽ񣬶ǹԱΪƽʫɣΪԱһҲò˶١
ߣΪĹٸҲǱɵΪ佫֮ΪҲա
ĸһȵȳӣǰΰݣʲμ
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ͨϽˣôӣӣīӣλʥʲô
ѵģʥˣ˵ͨͷˡ

һཻ
ȻҹƧɽС߽ͨһЩȻᣬȻ࣬࣡
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΢Цϻ۹ˡ
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һιģս鼼Ȼ˵üԼҲףΪߵٶȻô졣
սϵƣһ㣬Ǻġⲻ׳ʵΪʡ˴ʱء
룬ߵʩչѧһߺȻĻͷһۣѧ֪֮кһ
һ߾֣ѧ֪֮
߶ݲѣɻؿȥүӣÿһսֻ༼Ϊȴǡ
ȷСת۰ˡ΢Цش
ҲǣȻٲȻһеת۱仯
ͷǰΪĹģΪԱĳɾǺܴ󣬵ƺҲûزɡƵһ¡Ϊѧ֮мĵá
ǫѷɡʲôһĵãʥ֮һȻ漴Ϊѡ
Ԩϼͣ½е̫нս顣ս̫½׵ûˡ
Щ̫ս飬ͳͳǰ꣬ʦһڹˢˢġʦ߾ĵһ¡
µĹ̫ս飬ֻ½߾ͲΪˡ
˵սֻ࣬ƣֻͬʱս顣
սʱмǧǶڵһߣ߲йս˭ɵĸʱսĻ᣿
߸սһṤ˼Ū˰ٱˡ
ƵУһĹսġ½ߵѡһôѡԺʯžȶָôѡ
ʣµĴսϣкܶǿϷʽˡ
һɫƽսϣҲǿ֮һ
һɫ佫սϣҲǿ֮һ
һɫĴ̿սϣҲǿ֮һ
ǿϣ佫̿ͣƽĻϴ䡣һ͵Էսһ书
찡㲻ҪôҺòã
밡밡ԴҪըˡ
ս飬Ҫôϣһ⡣


583 ʫ
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覵һǰԹǰɹ߷
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һûƵ۽߸Ͳ˳ľٰ䡣
һͨġǡٵʱδضó塣ʱȡ˼ȻĴ
һߣҲˣ˸߲ҵĸݡ
ʵݲʺΪ߸δǣҵĵطҲãҲãӵľݡ
ǰ֮أΪ綼ǿ֮һжϵΪһļʿתΪһһľ
߸ǰûڱļʿǵءҪſʼڱļ
Ϊ߸ѡһʹ˵ߣ֮ţʣıھѧѧϰһľ֪ʶºᱻڱ߾С
ҲץסᣬŸɣðͷҲֻôɾ͡Ȼڻ̭Ϊ¼٣Ҳǵдĳɾˡ
һһһ͢һܳΪǸɣȴҲǲɻȱġ
ʵߣߣȴѴﵽߡ
Ĺٵ·էףҪﵽһ߶ȣ飬ǲѧʿĸͲҪָһεĹؿûĹ٣ǰ;ޡ
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ϵһӣǱˣҲԲҲ󡣿ɾΪΪﲻٻʵƷȥˡ
Ƶ۳谮ߣûﵽǰƵҲûҴǱξͳ졣
ڰй۲죬ꡣʮǰμƵġԡȴֵƵġԡˡ
ʮǰŴԽʱһһôԣ˼ô̵һӸıݣһĳЩµС
һҲʮһĵһ֡Ҳʮ£Ψһһܱȼǹ˵ĳ֡
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߶ʮˣͶʮˡɱһʼ۰ͼһһˣҲкһЩ
˵Ϊȡɱ൱࣬οߡ¼ûֹԾǸ߸ϵģʯһ֡
һ֡ȻȻһĪЦ⡣
ûͬ˽ֹһĵһƺе·ֹڵΪȥͬˣǾʹҪ
ϻʱһֵֺܻϷǽڶԷ̵ڰʮǰ¡ڵɵ۶ɵû˻Ϲ۵ôֵˮ׼
ɣ
˼תϱߣ̾ͷˡûʦǵü޵в⼸£һֱԺﲻ¶棬ϢʵȲѡ
ߺпյĺ˼룬ȻеϱϢӿϲվŮˣҪͻˣ

ҴҸһۿ֮ϱߡ
ǹһʯϣ۶꣬ŵǺöл
ЦЦȻϲƮȻһۣ˰۱ܿ۾ȻϲҲ᷸ԼȥҲʹ졣
ǹȻ㼸ʱҲ򣿡˲תͷҲߣҲϣ廨֮µĺô
ץͷƤ̯֣λԭҽĻǹͰ˲ͷʾ⡣
߲ŵҪС֮ģδŵùˡȶһ£żҲղ߸ĳЩж϶߰ߡ
ǹͰ˲ĬȻ˲Сǡ
ǹؿţȻŲΪҲ
ؿŶˣֱۣǹĸʲôǻһ٣Բҡ
˲о֮磬ǹǿһ㣬߿ú׼ìܣλԳֶԸҲ
廨ҲǿùֵԸ
ȣȱúˡˣ߶š
һܸӵŮˣʱйһβĶϳʷԣԵðߵһ޿ӣ˭¶ܸ
ȻߣС֮ġ
СãЦۣ߸ô˵ǰ;ָңҵλϣֻҲ߽಻ȥ˲ǹĬˣһʲô
ȻĻˣ´
ˣǰһɭȻûꡣΪۣҾͲˣȻǿںĵķϣһ׼ͷ
һŭһۣһȭУŭôʦ˵㣡
Ȼߣ˵ʲôεشӣϱúúãˡ
תͷɥҾֱ֪ǰҾһСܵ

ȻһСͻʵǱȻġ
࿴˳۵ˣܻôһεĳͻ߶ϱΪȻҲν
˽¼׼ΣʾͨҵɱͰꡣ
ÿμףǧܰǧܰ˸˺ܴܶĲƸкͽܣɻǰѸԱУѧϰǴȥ
˴۵ĺӣǸߵĲƸ
ЩտҢѾˣʱΪ߸ЧտҢĶӵǺйһ֮Եǵף߱ߵǸտĪ롣
տĪ밴ʥ˼տĪҲˣ߼һ棬㵡һССĹڣȻȥˡ
еȸĺᣬǶϲĳһҵңҴҵˡҲ˹ĿǰΪ߸Ч
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Һͱ߸ءϸĥһ£ȻһĵķѪһͨϽս顣
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֮УһҪġӻһ죬֪ˡôãһֱûڵȴ
ȴɱ˻ȴƺߵľ档˳㣬ิս顣
˵ĸоһ˱֮Уδؾһǰȫġ
ǷȫҲؼƵۡ
һʵ˴Цǰע⵽ǳ˵⣬һûԼΰݵս飺
׼
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584 ػر
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¸һĸڶǰһν͹ƣҲ˹ˡ
ɾһ߳Χ߸һ߳£˵ս˵Ǹ·Ĺơ
¼ͶҾݣһʱղ֡ٵսǶ¶һЩҪĶߡ
Ψһ΢һģϲǿ֮󣬴ɨϲԿɨҶķʽƽϷ
ϣʮԮӿΣִﲢ¶ԶвҰġвǿһ·ıϣٴƬ
ݽͱ鱨س׷ױʾ˼šκʵһУΪ󾢵УҲ˵˲ٳӣԼսԡ
ɨ󾢵к󣬶̶̰ƽϷϿв˵һУռ˼ޡ
Ա඼ΪȣϷͳûȶôڱţȲȸ˿ҪΣա
ʵϣԱʶ֮ʿ̫ðȣ˳ǾڶһԾӵпɵʱʧܡܻܿΪһߴȫ̱
һððսԡջͷһ
һ·ϣԼΣգϹ齵
߸أͱƵĿһηײһξͲͬһεĶݽ𣬶չһս
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Ҳõ֪ͨڶ޵ʾڱͷ
߽һɱ̤˷رƵĵ·Ϸ֮ţ
һ꣬ʱ֡

߸̲ƹԹΪһĴ򿪶Զ޵ľ档
˶޺ͱ֮һܵĶԽ⣬Ǵ߸ÿдʶǴӱġ
ڴɾĴʱ򣬱߸ԵΪߵԵʣҲΪ߸ơһĿȻҪ˱߸͵ںͱǰսⲻϴɵһͳսԡ
ĲʲôμңҲδؾжõս˼롣Ϊһˣս۹⻹еġ
ãôƵۺ̸ɵ۵ȴﶷۣѬҲѬճˡ
ݽ߸ǧѡʱûΪ뷨ʱԼֱ߸ĵλãкܴơ
챱߸ƣֵסɵûе
ߴգϡǸɽկȻڡɽկĽȻ൱ı䶯γһѹĹؼص㡣
бƵľºۼЦˣ廳ɹһᣬ£ȻһЦû˼˵ʲôҪߣȴһӰٵա
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ץͷƤû˵λжأðɣˡҲصʲôһҪԺ㱱߸ˡ
ĭҪʾʲôȻǰǱ·ͳ졣ɽկǡþ·ͳϽΧڣߵĻǾվ
ĭһۣû˵ʲôǿȵĻԼʳԲԼģ˭ûȥ
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ĭĿһ뿪˦˦֣ˣȻһ㱣һӣȴץɽկˣƤӷһĻĻ¶һЦ⡣
ĭãȻĻ˳ҵգ߸󶼶ô£

еٶȺܿ졣
߸̾ҴӱߣΪ˲׷ϣתתܹ²ŵޡȴҲǼ·̡
ܿ·ҲӪһ
ֻڽƹʱһΣһþɳĲ¹ȥΪ²ıЭʱȱսı߾ƹ
ʵ֤ƽ췢൱ãҲӵİصȱ߾׳ɿƹսг
һת˰Ȧ·ӪǰʱҪӴ󣬸׳ۣҲࡣ
ɱһԲ̲סһЩȰĽߣҲ֪ͱ֮ʲôìܡɱ˳谮㣬治Ӧù
谮𣿡߲ÿɷ
·ӪǱȼǰҪ˼ĿǰСľһ൱ľҪС
Ϊ·Ϊ߸ԭѾˡ
ٶȣһǻȥ괺죬˸ܱﵽһָսĹģǣ衰·һսλͳü޵¡
衰·µλ˵סȴѣǣ̫࣬˸ƷӶƷΪһƷ
ϵͳĹϵͳҲͱҪ񡣾ð죬ֻҪ赥λˣİͰࡣĹϵͳˣǣһȫ
·񣬵ϵĿǣƵġ
·ǨΪ߸󶼶ҲƵԱһڸ;Ժǣͬ顣
ƵڸģǶߵĳ磬֪ٹԱءȻڸ;ԺȴǴпԣνˮ
˶ܿǨ飬˻ʵѹ¡ҪСɡҪս
˭Դıˣ޷ϱ˿һ൱ɶԱƸҶԱҪ˽ǡ
ȻƹԱȻβҪȥְָ֪ͬƵһǿܾ顣
ǣڻ޵ʱ򣬳Ϊ޸ǿΨһһʮµƷʵȨ߹٣ָ֪ͬ˵ǱƵı֮ҲԲ֡
ʼҲߣҲҲּǨҲʱضһ̫ʥּǿƵĵء
谮𣿱֮𣿡ۣȻЦˡ
Цݺܿࡣ
Ĵ˻ʣǴɣʧȥ˼ǧܰ˴۵˵һ֡
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ʧ񣬾뱱ƣ֪ͿҪʮˡأǡʮꡣ
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ҡͷ֪˵СӹòԤڵģҪô󣬲ƺҲһִ̼ʤ˶ľʣ
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ӻʲôоߵĸоܸӣȴûԴÿÿǧȴֻһǡĻܱ˿顣
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ѩƮɣ̹Ȼ΢Ц

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ɫ䣬ƺ֪ˡĹﾪŭ㱣֪ˣ
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Ļؼҵ飬Ȼ˼֡Ҳٹ۲쾩ǵı仯һ
ӺԺ룬ҪˡҵҪܡ֪٣δû֪ˣܱһͶౣһɡ
ĵһۣһӺԺпЦãԼļҾȻҲҪ͵͵߾ʲôù°
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˵вٵۣܻ˷Ǹ棬׭̵Щ֡
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룬ԼǴǸˣ˵ˣǾһˡϬ·ǧܰˣɱ֮󣬻мܻ
ЦŹ֣Σһǧһһվ档أֻ·Ҫô㣬Ҫô
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ѻ޶ԣ͵ļЦ˵߶ıңͻȻΪе˹ˣıƣ㻹ʲô
㣬ҪͼҵĻѻת΢ЦõʮΣգҵ̣޵ġ
ϬҡͷԳʧˣЦЦҲȻûˣⲻӰҶĲɡֲɣҲС
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ѻ߿ϬĻȻͨ߹˲棬ǧҪһɱ£һҪˡ
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Ϭ͵ʵΪķֻһ֡ʵķкܶ࣬񶾵ģ̵ġ
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ڲļɣʱ߾ٲû뵽һӰ켫ķ籩ԣ¥¥Ĵɱ
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пЦĵ˵һھԱʱˡ֪ʱҲǽΪΪڶʸһڣѾǷǳǿıˡ
õ̬ķչô˴ֲԼû뵽ٲһϯ˵ĳ籩
ĪҪɵۣǾʱֱȥ
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ǧܵȰ˴ΪߵĿɽ߹âɡ
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һװļһ֮ԱǣĻ˴أ˼еһЩѩͰѴظǳװһƬˣ꣬һʮǰıѩڣѹˡ
Ƶ۵̾ϢĶ죬ͻﵽ١֣Ҫ
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տɽЩЩߣԼһɳҵĵػ߾֪;ˣƵ΢Ц˵أǱõһأҲʦҩʦڴЧ
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˵أֱһǧѷľɷĽ㡣ȻѲ⡣Ȼһϡ
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ߵǺ˵ǣ֧ȥȥɣΰǣȥˣĪҪǣҡ
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ͷˣߵһξһСƨҲûôļ򣬾Ͳȥôصΰ
ʥˣˣˡʣ¹ΨһĶˡ
ߵĿŵӣһֱѳ˯档
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ĬȻҲãҲã׷ɱᣬиԵɡΪʽΪΪࡣҪģܵģֻйϲ֪
룬ץͷƤ̾ϢĪҪңǸǺͽ֮·йء
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ԳĬӦƵ۵һ·޻İԭ·ء
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Ĭ䡣

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һʮ꣬Ƶ۰ڳջûʧܻ϶Եʵġ
һᣬһͷϣͶ˲ѩƵпѩ̫ˡ
һ٣Ƶ۳ĴΣգɣᣬܶ˺ܶҪ
ԴɣԺܶ˵ɵģ뱱ƺһƾһԾΪǿĹ֮һΨֻȱ߶ս
߲رƣɺҪ֮پͶһ˻ʺҪҲνûˣ㡣
ƵأΣѩĴΣգûﵽΣյľء˻ʱԳֶԸ㡣
ЦЦ˻ʵҪڹڲܷãֻҪǳԳˣԲˣҲã˻ҲãԿ羳׷ɱ
ΣٵҪѹء
ɣᣬĴ˻Ļʧȥ˴Ᵽɡܲùٵļһɱľ档
һԽȥǺա
ǳǳһЦֻҪͻΪƵɱ֡
ƾ߲࣬۵Ķ֡Ȼﵽ࣬оԵܺ
ң߻ƣֻʱһʱ꣬һ꣬ͷżɵκˡ
ѩŰƵһᣬתʱɳۣ𡣡
ָһ㣬û֪СˣҲû֪ɱйϵ˲ɱ¶ôֻа꣬˲ۡ
԰Ϊ׵ۣսг˹۲ڻ¡սϳ˹ۡ
ǣ߹ϵʱ㹻
֮⣬վĳǽǰ
ץһѩţȻĻˡ
Ƶ΢ףսϵ⣬⣡
ζǳЦƵĻӹ治һ׮£˻Ⱑ
Ƶ͵ȻЦ⣺ƻⲻϣΨһʸǻλģֻ޵
ǳЦǰһû˿۾峺ףһ˿̿ٵĸ֣ȻȥЦġƻ塣
ɫ΢ʣˡ


596 ȫһ
ʮ£ѩϷů紺ӺϿմһ˿ů磬Ϊʱڣעһȡ
һڴӺϷٶȲ죬յϢķ˶ޡ
һۿߣԽڲɼӿٶ𣬷ٶ޴½ϡ
̤ʵصζá
ڻһҲһɫĻѹˡ
ڻ޵ļţһʱɫ䣬ޱߣĬĬǾ仰
ǧܡʥᡢҰ롢ȸڴ˵ػɱ񣬴Ұģ²
ɫŹ֣أҲһ˿⣬һҪϢ˵һ˵϶ŵǡ
ŵģ϶ֻĺѡ
δǵһִˣɵȹδؾͲ֪Ҳ˽ȥ鿴֤ʵˡ
һǰִɢĵһˡ

ҲΪ٣ƺʮµףڴϣһδģĻս
Ļ֮ǣ٣ƵŭˡƾŭЮǧ֮ƣںǰݺݵĸĻһŭ
˱ƣһս
˵߲̫ºڣʵǱȽӴһ˵ǱҪ£ûڱѩ̡
һ֮ʹгɼȻʵ˵δһܾˡ
Ļ֮ǣƵۺͳҰ¾Ǳһŭ𣬱ƾԲôûôսۡ
ʱע⣬ĳһϢԲٶȴԴͷĳһλӻ޷صڡ
еĸ·̽ӣȲ
ʮһѮ·𾪵Ѽһ鱨Ⱥ½֤һԼٶȽһҲشҲôشϢٵͻء
죬Ҫٿһ㣡
¡¡㣬һڹٵϡ
һŶһʿ̼µսٶȡʿ¶㣬ϼȵɫ죡
λϷԱ˵ϷҲһĵģڿвһλϣͶϷһвٵľ롣
ʿӿһϷٶȸ
;Уӻȣսһʧǰֱˤڰ·ϡʿжΪʱ˫·Ҳ˿սٶȡ
һ·ɳۣڡ
ܿ죬͸еĳһݵ㣬·۵ðʿһˮҲûüȣ̰һڴϢ˹
˴ɽӪڶϲһҪݵ㡣ǱǾһˡ
õϢһ˿ĳͣٶȸ·
޽Ϊһͱ޽Լǧӱһλϣ޺ͱ޾ͼһСĺ󣬴ӱϣԽ
խСĵطԼֻĵطǾ
ֱӴӺ纣飬ѡٶȣ

һ鱨ӶϲִɾǵʱѾʮѮˡ
ڵϲϢȾǣɾŵƽʣϲ졣
ǻʹҲйŮ̫ǣ˸߲ҵĸʹϸֲɫĲʴԼ׼ӭڡ
豦Ҵ빬Ϣɵۡɵ۲Ϊ⣬ȻԤϣ豦ĵľ᣺ȥ֤ڣѾϱߵָ𡣡
ٷ֮ٵĻŪ豦
ɵۿοÿȥ޵˲٣ˣĿ϶ֹǴɵˡ֮ǰǿ˻ڶû˰Ϣ
ɵԲס֫һ˫Ʋ豦ĲԾûߵ٣豦ҡͷ
֣µġɵߵţĻδŵùҲ˵ǲˣǡǧܰ˸мܻ
ɵЦ˹̬ȣ豦Ȼ̧ͷ˼û¼ǧܵȰˡ׶༪١
豦Ŀأ˵Ĺǣ£֪ϢˣޡһµҴɵˣʧȥ˼ˡ
豦ûֱ˵ɵҲ˼û·˻ʵ᲻һӴĵֿ
İһЦɵۻͷ̫ࡣǰҲͷ¶棬ʱգҲصġĸҲĬ˺Ĺϵ
豦ߺɵ۵ЦЩ͡
ĵؿ£
ɵҡͷʾ£ָ˼һᣬ¶һɫʣߣ
ܵ˵ˣ˵ôԼڻȻû壬ǰĴҲû߹ôꡣ
ôͲ˵ˡ
ʲ۵ˣҲԴĴ˻ʵĿġǣٷ֮ǧĲϣһ̫ϻԴϡ
΢˼ɵʾ̫ȥͰ˵һ˽ɵ
ѽνӪϢһ˵ɳ˼ã£ҺͲЧˣԼҲֶߡ
һΪ׸ɵ۳Ϊ˻ʵģˣϵ֮һ˽ºһΪЧģȶˡ
ɵ۵ͷÿһصİһǳ͵Ļڣȥ࣬˻ʵۺͻۣû֪еĳɹˣеʧˣ֮һ
ˣҪ˵ˣԼ鿴ףͲ֪ɻ廹Ա
Ϊ˲Ĵ˻ʣصذ˸ɳĽף˵һӶҪΪЧû
ʵսң˻ʴսûɵһֱΪۣ͵ȼˣҲ㹻ˡ
ɽõϷΪⰲĴ˻ʣ¡̧ͷѹߣͼıǶԴҲд⡣
ʲôԲԼҲһ󵨵Ĳ룬ɻ࿴һۣڶ
ɣ

١
ƵȸأͣսҲʱһްչһݲȵڡ
Ƿ˵˼룬Ͳö֪ڹ˷֣һԻ޵Ϣͣأޡ
ǧܡʥᡢҰ롢ȸڴ˵ػɱ񣬴Ұģ²
һ൱ֵζĻ̲̫̫ĺ塣΢һӵˣܴһ仰ĥܶں
ɺϣǡʱźȻһӻԾҴܡУԴɽӪΪԾĴ
·ֱһǲȥεģߵ١

ع󣬾޸ظĬµ֡
·Ҫ֪Ķ̫̫ˡ
һէƺ۵Ϣֱ˵顣

ʶ֮ʿ߸ȫСΪοˣ֪ǧܰ˾ɱ񣬿϶Ҳ׶༪١
û˼ǧܵȰ˵壬߸һҹ֮ǣӾ˵̶С
ǰ˲ȻǼɵֻеֱ˱߸ץ˿ߵ䡣
أɫ£ʼûߵϢҲʼûаѶϢ
ܶˣܶȲҪʲôӵҡ
ѮƷͬʱȶ
Ӷɾһս
£һֱûɵĶƺ׷ѹ
£ʮΣƱ߸͡
ʱƺȻһشޱȵϢ


597 ֮
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һǰߺγ˽ս
ƤС鲻̫ãеɺվڵһߣСģսˣʮ˵ĳͻֻ˵ս
ˡʣ϶ǸѧģƤСĴ̾
Ϊ죬ƤСҪμֵһߵĳͻʽսȫܡȥ״һδ֮󣬾ûʲôҲѹġ
죺ҲϱҪʲôʱ򣬲ſϴһΡߵĸ棬ûô̵
ķпĹ⾰һʿɱ˷ܴ󺰣Ƥʥּٻء
ʥּƤСĳԾʥּ⣬ⱲӾͽӹһΣҲΪһζѡ
Ҳϲ˼ˣפ֮ءԸפأһʱ˲ͬţ¶Ľɫ
һΪ׵̫࣬Լ˾ڵ
ƤСϡͿ廪ʥּ̲סʵʥּʲô˼˶ʱˣⲻѧļһ
ֱ˾Ҳͳ죬Цõ٣Ժ۹ͣǨΪʨ渱ͳ죬ƷΡصظʥּν㣬ҲһЩʹ͡
ͳΪĽСӣϽлǨ˲٣ܵõʥּνľôء
ŶƤСĻȻ򣬸ϽлӹʥּҲӹ˾ԺǨ
ǰҪʵ衰·һ£ԺҪʵ۹Ŀӡ׼ʾͨ
ԣһ򣬻ʵֻҪھԺǨϸһӡ±ʾ׼Ǿ͹ˣûҪּϵļ
̫µһᣬƺĵĴӻȡһۡƤСģǳ͢µܹۡԴ㣡
ϲƤǨ
ĽʣҲĳġûܷƤСĵս
ǰƤСתէʱͬŲ̫ϲԼմߵĹ⣬ǻʵ۰ݼڡ
δսƤСÿαضʿ䣬һθ˽ꡣսͱ֣˵ƫõͬǵϿɡ
ƤСֵŲ죬ֱۣۡͬһһĴЦѣڻˣ
͢µۡûƤСĵ˴һ
ͳһۣҲ̾ʹˣʹһڿˮĿͰ͵˵˽ۡشϢ
·Ϊ߸
ߣ߸󶼶
ԣըһ˺ѣѡ
ƤСĸ˵߻׮£Ȼ˹עȴ߳߸󶼶׮¡
ȥ꣬͢飬·Ϊ·󶼶£ҲƸԱ
£ҲûġҲû٣ǰҲֻȥ·һΣ˶Ϊ¶벻ˡ
˵Ҳδ̫ˡ³͢һֱὫ죬Ͻ죬һɨи֮ͻԵ̫Сˡ
û뵽Ȼˣǰ϶ˡ

·
ϲϲܽ
ĳһ·פУһнĽģΧһ˴ϲ
ʽ΢Ц˾ͷҲϲϲθ
úøɡ˾˵һ·ǰ·Ӫˡ
ʱּν̫࣬Цеȡһۡʽ䣬ѰζܹܽСĽġ
ʽЦźкһ£չۡһᣬüëȻϲԾƤСĵķӦȴвͬϲؿ̫ࣺߣ߸󶼶ˣ
̫ϸĵעɫȷʽϲǷģܹܵĽ˿ͷֹ
ֹʽ仳ɻϲãȥŴϲ£𾪣ߣָʹ
̫΢Цֹ󶼶Ծɼαָ֪ͬ
ΧĽǣ𾪵Ļ࿴һۣŶ䡣
ߣǱ׹֣ҲǱİΨһһ޵ˡʣǱԺˡ
ɡ߶ڱ˵ҲһнԶˡ
ʮǰ뿪ƣû¶ǨҲֻعһΣǻȥ·
߸ĵñΪΪˣȻԺҲе̫Զˡ
УȻĳһ䣺ˣƺûʮɡ
󶼶ʱΪƷˡߣʮ꣬󶼶ʵְǸǿΨһ
Ǵɣ۸ǿԽ֮󣬾;ûʮ£ƷʵȨˡ˵Ҫ˵ʮ£ʮĶ
սصĴɣҲûʮ£͵δ󶼶´ƣҲй
ƺΨһһ
Ϊþ𶯵ǣ߲δ󶼶Ӽˣָʹָ֪ͬ
Ƶ۵˼ɵóɫ±ָʹҲ޲һߡ
ڼǰóˣȥƣƵó
һֻʣһ߸
һλȨصְ⣬ӣ鱨ޱƾУǵ֮ı֮
ƳҰһʱʧȻ֪롣
ղȥ꼯飬ҲǺߵսΪ˲һ󶼶
ɱ˼ԲãһȺƵף׿סƵһС
Σ¥ǰˣ˶⣬ϾʵǹâΡͣ
ʮǰ˶¥һãó綼ύߡɼϱȨǾ̫ˡ

Ƶּߣʧ
ȻһϢۡٵĴƸصʱ򣬾޸ҲϤʧˣеһӵȥ
˲뿴ƶ
ϴΣΪ·ͳ죬û֨û¶棬ɴûι
ܶˣΪαƶǵڷſˣҪߴһΡ
ɰڣȴ޲𺳲ѣȻĬȴ̬չһ־ĵļĬ
ʧߣ᲻¶ѹʱڳ
߻᲻Σ
Σô԰ڵĸζߺͱƺˡǰڣΪɵ¡
ݻԱ߸ľѹȣʮפڱ߸ı߾ϣĬĬĵȴ
Ȱȡ
ȴһͿƵۺ;Ժ׼˴¼½١
ȰȰ
ȴͿһ߸ᾫ£׼Ͷս
ȰȰ
һֱû¶档
ڣ˽о̫ԾΪʲôǻ֮ƣ
ڵȴʱŰ磡
ؾŭһǵصıؾţѪķʽиڵǰĹϤ˺ɷ顣
û֪ȥߺƵһ̸֮߾ڰһ۵ı£硣
̶̰࣬ؾźɨ֧㵽Уһʮ򣬴ʮʮ򣬴ʮһ
ؾɱУУһͻƣϽͻΪļ½ףȻļнס
һרΪսıؾţһţڹγɾޱȵս


598 ս籩ǰϦ
ŭ𼤵Ĳãƺ˻˺ˡ
ɱǣ
ϳ˹۳ɱŭХ죬ŭɱ
ƺһһս鼼¡һײǧסѪҲƺˡ
ϳ˹۷˺ŭХҪɱ˲ˣµ档
ȴһʵ𵴣ϣ
ϳ˹۾ŭɾŭǸһȻꡣ
̫нףս鼼ǣסϳ˹һͷѪ̾ͷɱ
˰һ˵һսϳ˹ۡ
սɱԼΧսϳ˹ǰһг˹ۺͼ³˹ۡ
ϳ˹£ʱʣһг˹ۣ³˹ۡ
ǹͶޣںĹɱ£ǣס³˹ۡ˲̫͹˷棬ǣס³˹ۡ
ߣ꣬Լ־۷Ѫǣסϳ˹ۡСۺͰ˲ΧΨһгۡ
һĲҺէȻг˹ںս֮УСۺͰ˲ش΢ɣ߹ȣҪܣɱˣ
СۺͰ˲ܵͷг˹һʱͱˣʧȥǵ̫½ս顣
СۺͰ˲Ϊսϳ˹۶ʱŭ֣üˣһʩչս鼼
¡һ£ͷѪһѪһηɳȥ
һŶӣһսϳ˹ۣܷɹڴһˡأһʾߵƳ
ϳ˹ۼҪըˡ
ڰգζޱȵĺХɲһԪϤעϢ˼͵ޡ
ָһ˲ƣһĹ⻪ҫ
©֮ɳ
Ծ԰ķʽϼ⣬ϳ˹ڿֲĽзȻһȻ潣͸壬һһεıŵ
һתۣһ
ʱ˰֮ˡ
Ѥõľʻţϳ˹۴Ϣ
Ѫ̧֣һһƸ޴һɲȻ־£һƲɵɽϳ˹ۿһѪ
СۺͰ˲࿴һۣȻһ𱬣ԻһС
ʱһ޿ɱϢ˲Ӵϵաֲİ꣬ޱ̤Ź⻪Ľ񲻿ɵĽ⡣
һա
ϣȻһɫڶ˿һ˲и
ϳ˹Ϣķ˻𣬽ɫԻ͸Ĵɽغ¡һ¡ΡɽӰɽȻǱĽನɨС
һתۣһиˣɽͷɽĸϿڣٲȻ⻬ޱȡ
ѪޱȵһСۺͰ˲ȼս֮ɫ񷭰ۣһ۾Ȼشϳ˹ۣ˭Ǳ̬
أʩչļӰתشϳ˹ۣųһս飺ˣ
һ̵ϳ˹ۣ΢Цɹˡ

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ǱһȺˣҴҷս
ǵصıؾţԼţⷽԲķΧڣɱ
һεĿؾͳ಻̫©һܴ©òٹӵˡ
ؾͳǵһʼֵ̫ˣûսĸҲԲܺС
սʼƺĻ࿴˳ۣʼʲȻҲʼӡ
ðɡҲ̫ں˴ܵһЩҲǱضģҲԴΪȫԵ
ʼؾȻͳ˧ŵȻͳ˧һָӣҲָӡ
ǰûôɣĵй˼ɣҲŵͳ˧ðա
ؾͳսҲ棬Ͱһڸˡ
һ˻˶гۣǵһսϳ˹ۡ׵սԣȻüأɵǳɹˡ
׼Ϸ³˹ۣ˲Сҡͷˣǰηֵģʱˡ
ǹȥ
ǹҡͷҫһĪĹԣβˣҪչءţиоҪͻƣ
ûҪֻս飬սһѾﵽ̫½ˣԶ˷³˹ۡ
˷棬Ѫ̫࿴һۣû˼졣ǹ˲ģûƤҪô
еǣ˶
ûˢۣ˲ˣҲͲˣ˶ˣǿҲ
Ī˵ۣ־ۡǡӡ۵ǹƥϳ˹ۣҲֻбͷܵ
˼һг˹£³˹ۡһϳ˹£г˹ۣ߰˸³˹ۡҪǾ͵һѶ˵ı¡
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ʱʼʺȻսϹ۾һͰһ̵ͣҵģҪˣ
ҡѪ⣬治Ǵġ
ϥʼʣͭиһƵ񼣡
˵⣬һֱûõսеս鸴ʱʲôΪͻʲôΪ
ʼֻ˰죬ͺͻƣΪµһ̫żĵս顣
идҴҸĿתϢȻһµʼʣʼʺкһ£µķսȡȥָսˡ
ۣʼϣûκα仯
ϸ룬ߺɵҡҡͷɻ֮ɫŨ
ͭ㾿̲ʲôܣ

պϢҡҷϢͻƣΪµĵһ̫Ͻս顣
ͻƺ󣬲ĹǹͻƵϢһӾ
¶ϲãǹͻƾ̫ˡ˼ƶõĻ֮ƣԼΪȡ£նڣǾҪϳ˹ۣ
˾㤡ϳ۵˼Ҳζţһ˱ڽµУлٶʮۡ
˷ǹ˲յӣҲǹ˲֣ü᲻̫ðˣ
ߵ룡ԴУ͸ɣ¹˷游ӡ
Լࣺã
˲СᣬΪ½ۣη޾ĹͷڴӦ
⼸˶ӦˣҲûܷ˼˷ǹ˲õģġ
һˢ֣ÿҪͭʱ򣬶صԶˣҲû滻ϵս顣ϸˣҲû˲ͭսܡ
֪ܣҲ֪ѹŶļȸС
ûԨϼͻƣΪλ̫нף־ۣҲ㹻ˡңе޶ս
ԣѡơ
Ĺ첻ؿߣ֪ΪΣܾ߻رƺƺ̫ãԼһЩ˵ѹ֡ǰܶ໰ˣ˵Ҳˡ
Ȼ𣬺񡭡ܾû߳ˡ
ãȻؿŻ˵ģƺڰײֵߡôˣ


599 ̸ּ
ʱ֣ⰲꡣ
Ũɩ󲮡
Цеһ·Сܣһߴкɽȥ
ŨɩԾסͣʮûߴǰܹȥ󲮵ȵȣһ·ıˣ޲ľؿǰϤİСһ
ȻһӾͰˣһᣬܵߵСɽϣñߺһըˣʧЦ
С߻ˣŨɩϲڷӦˡ
ûСءԶҲǲߵĴǴڴ߾һǸƨɵСƨ
İϢСһˣһӾñ˼
ҡͷʧЦɽ·СܣȻԽõ£һʱпܲķʽĽо
Ǽ簡ؼ磬оá
һӾ͸оˣܵѹ֣ɵ䣬һӾˡ
̵ģ˸߲ҵģֻǵݱܵζ
һܣһ߷֣еĲˬƣͳͳźˮ⡣ʵǵߵɽʱʣĵĿ
ÿһϸڻķֺ
΢Цչ˫ۣӭӳϼȫȫĸоݰã
ЩɵĲˬʹ졣ʱһ̱ļһ¹ܷ˶٣ȱģٱһʰٱ
ͺܺáߺȻܱ׾˵¹ܷ٣ãҪġ
¹жٳУ¹ж˰Ը
ص߲ص飬һĻ֣ġ⡣
Уӭϼ⣬ЦȻЦô⡣

Ϣˣ˺䶯
ܶ˶ӿң˸߲ҵ˵˵⣬Ժ
߸󶼶ָʹָ֪ͬôλȨصˣ۱˼ҳġ
߲ģһЩһЩŨɩȽΪģǾʹԺĿ⡣
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Ĺû֪ڵЦŲ⡣
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ѵûע⣬ôҲǸ汱ָӲء
ԽߣعԽ⣺˭㴺⣬˭Ǿ޵һôҪְأôᡣ
뷴ģ˵ҪᣬҲͰˣԣҾ˵ӢҲӢ
عЩǺһڱ߸˻졣ʵҲְ񣬲Ҳ߸ָӲޡ
ôҲǳ⣬һɾ죬ɾߵġĳָͥӲ޻ǿ˵ùȥ
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ٵսβۿٲҰܣԪճ
µսҲǷ޵ս̫Զˣû˻̫ġ
޺ͱޣǾ޺ʵġ޵սΨһģҲǽΪӵġ
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ǰδͳ˧ȽϵùƵսԼĻ֮ⷢ쭣ֻûȥ׼ˡ
ʵϣʮǰһԺУˡ
һǱɣӾʵȨɣһġһ̰ܵģֱӱְʣһһģⲻģű˾Ժ
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߲ںĲ²ںƵ۵ı֤һֵġ
ߵϷͳ˧õġ߸֮ǰǰ²սҲǳĿġ
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߸ºûֱǰߣڽȺߣ˼Ҳͺˡ
Ϊ߸½ģʮıƣʱֻʮû˸ʮ
·ȡʼƵ˸ͽ·ʮƱľӡ
ڽļ죬ҲҪټ߸Ľ죬ϤһԼĲ
պ߸ʮʿΣǰǰߣ

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˴Сսϰ٣ΪսһҰսУڷսĥһĥİ屶ĴĥУһսΪ֮һ
ǰóͬʱģռ󶼶ҲƵ֪Ρ
һ˼һȡһ鷺⻪̨ϸİ档
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⣬ɨϷ󣬾˵ĳСǴĳңҲһ
Ŀռ챦Ҫˡѧʼʵİѧ֡ҵģͳͳҵġİ
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£
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׻۰ڷ̣Ƶ۲裬͵
Ҳǵһˣվɣ׻ҪִףƵۺȻסһ٣Σִ塣
׻ɫһ٣Ŀסһ˿񼡣ʮ壬ÿһζƵִڣȴȻ
Ƶ۰Ѳ豭һԵİͷϣȻһ²Ρ£̵Ĳˮʱкϣ̵һƬɫ
Ƶ̧ͷֱӣЦЦѲ豭źãİһ޷ƵĲ⾹粨һ
ˣ岻ˡƵǸֵЦİһ֣ջ
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ƵһĨЦˣҲδܶԵסģҲδػ󡣡
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ƵƲ˵⣬ת˵ߣΪ߸󶼶ָʹָ֪ͬʱϷսͳ˧
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۵ĮĿУ⣬صİѺɫȥ棬۲ŴԣǸҲδؾܲ£δԸ
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˲ĶӰɡ㰵˷ˣͼı󣬾Ͳ˷ð𣡡
Ƶûͷӽһһֱִ壡

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ҿȣȻһû׼͸Ȩջˡմմϲʰ飬Ҳдվһľ񣺡λ
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ԳƵսԱˡ˭Ҹұ磡볶ɤߺһ䡣
峺Ŀ⣬ɨȻλϵĽϳ͹̩ƽϣλ񣬶ʮĴ󶼶ߵ֡
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Ϸսͳ˧˼壬ͳϷսоӣҰսطȫͳƷΧڡ
Ƶ۹ݣݾͺڸ߶ϲþ֮Ȩʹʹ˼һĿȻ
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̩ƽԭǰƽԭҲǸһΪף߽ɱһ߷ɣֵûͷǼһ
̩ƽƺ˼˼˼һֱ˼û׼ô˵һѾγ˰ˡ
ûջֻЦؿŹ̩ƽĴһǼǵõĹڣﲻ
εģѿĳĬ
̩ƽ˼ЦǺǵؿֹգ԰ʲĻ
ϳüᣬһۣǲµʲôȻбʾ
նֽţȻȻҪ˵ȴȻ˵ս㲻Ҫ˵
ЦЦëȻҾ˵
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605 ϷΣ
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ץץͷƤʼ磺Ҫôɣˡ鲻ãǾٲҪɹͨ
ϳףû˿鶯ӺǣԼЦ
òʮˣλþǼɹңӵİˡ
̩ƽϣȻӿһϸϸİëЦڳȴЩɳƣǺǣ˧ӢҾġ
ָסϵĻͷ֣ЦУһҲӢҾʲôģ˱Ҳˣôţ㻹ҪЮң
ţš
⣬˶ֱӲ죬ô޳ܵĻֱ˵ڡˣƾ˭ԡ
Ȼ޲亹쬣Ҳ֪ǲǸóûҸͶʾͬķŭİˣҲǵԱã
һڽôһѲãȻˡ
˼ӾҾˣҧҰֻðѹû⼤ŭҲ̫޿ˡ
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Ǻǣ˵Цˡ̩ƽڵȥʲôҪһأʲôҪǵ׮Թأ
˵ۼٲȻˣҪ׳ˡҵƣǱض졣ûҲգһǲǹƺŭ
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鲻õʱ򣬾޴һ١õʱһ١
Է˯򶹶Ծ˶Ŀء

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һʮ꣬Ǿ²Żȷ޴๡
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һе֮˿ԼĪǧ򣬹ܶԱϲһǹûž͹齵ģú;ԺΪܶ齨½ӹ
ʶ֮ʿΪִ̫٣൱ġϾϷƽʣˡ۰£ѹѹأҲǸѼϼܣӲͷƤŪա
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һӭͷײ·Ҳ·ˮĿǰҪڿ·һԾγɶš

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߲ɫؿڽиոΪͳʽ佻һɫ
Ȼ󣬺ͽϳһ񽻻㣬ϳҲصͷʾ̩ƽԡ
°ͣ˼ȻûͷûԵʣʹһߵľеװ
ڽ㵣һԼǺھٵļһվȭ˧ʹľеװǧϡ
߿ָᣬ죺ΪǻݻԴĹƣ
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ϳһ£֮ͣһĽǱƻҪ˲١Ʋ죬ȱ̫ܣҰģͿ϶׼˴󱸹
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˲߻£ʮˡпɿ֡߸ƽͷȻݻƵһɣҲһùɡ

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һ˳ɻٳɶ齵Ƶ¡
߻ȻѹȥƵ۵ʱƵ˵ǹҪҲǹⲻϣΪʱ
һڳͱǡͳ׶Ͼƺƽָ̲ˡ
ͨٳɣƽ̲۰Ա̶̲£ɺɨвһͶ޵ˡ
ϸһ˲ԭıʱһëνѪУ۲Ŵԡ
ߵֱӼƻ˲ıѾĴˡһҲ
˲αװ㣬һʲôˣ
߻ӣû˼أȴƽ
һڣڣ
ϳڣнϤȻ
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һȷе˵ʮǰһôԣӿһӢܡ
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һɣֹߵˣԬԨҫǳϧǣеͯľɭǰ
ӢǶǰԷġ죬һСģȴڿڽ޵Ĵºš
ܡǹϣƣİܳ
⣬ҲԬԨȵġۡ
Ҳ˵ߺģʽǹԪƷͳְƤСǴƷ򣬶³ָӲޣ
ԬԨǱһ𣬵α졣ҫǱ죬ǳǶǱò졣
ƩռĵΪߵĵϵ϶Ķε͵Ǩ
һ꣬ߵ£˳ԾģϵƣǿƵķɿĳΪһм
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п˵ĸпޡմߵĹ⣬õúͱ°ݼڣߵϲ£Ǩ졣
˭Ҳû뵽߲Ǩġôʮ꣬λ˾һ۷壬ΪȨѬ죬ڱµǸˡ

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ߵϲ£ҲǸɾ͡
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ǨΪ߸󶼶һͷڸסƵ۶ߵϵһǨ
Ī켺ʽ䣬һתԭƤСĺһת󽭸ҲǸ
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607 òȦ
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һĳۿƶ·һ·ȻһھϤԭķߡ
ԬȻһӾסˣƾʲô
ʾǲСɳǰ·Ӫ飬ȷʵߵøɸɾ漴Ԭɳһ·ȽĽ롣
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ƶ·һȫ߹ˡ
Ԭˣһߣ̤ԭ·ӪصУۿտҲ
·ſߣǾ͵Ƿſ˵·ֻҪԬԸ⣬ʱֱܳ룬ջʧΪ뱱ϷŶʥ
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߾Σִĵ졣֮ǰ踱˧̩ƽƾԹԺͲ⼸ոࡣ
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ǻѹһһĵãҲڱƣԼ֮ҡڲͽҸͶˡ

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ʵһäĿˣҲҪͶ·ˡʲһɫͳ˧ҲܹϵķȨµԬˡ
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608 սǰµ
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ڱɳϣ顣ɵĳ򣬷ɿʮ
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ҲãҲãûܲһ˿һĵˣͺƾȻһķ˶·
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ĬһᣬѪҡͷ˿ˡ
ʲôͨ᲻ˡ߹ѣ֪ѪжǶԵģ㬲ѣˣֵһӵĵ󡣡
ǱӴܻصоٵĶɱʧܡ
һ־ۣ
µĻǰ˿Ȼߣˡ
˲𣺡ɣǰͻΪϾôôˡ
һϢٱƽȻ׹ٲȻǰۣɫҰ׵һѪƺ˽̸ȻҪģ
ֹѧʿ£ۺ˻ʣûɱ
ϣðǣһˤûУˣ֪˵һ޴Ļ磬ȥ롭
һα죬˵һ޴Ļ
ߵ࣬࣬λ˵һδߵӣûܴݡ
Ʋ˵񼣬΢ЦմΪӪ

ʮΪǰкоʮ
ĳǰһԾ
ԬͳʵǰණսԼʮʱһƾҲ׷ױɳԾĴ̽鱨
ⷽԲʮĵشУ˫ĳȽ
۸ǳ򣬼һɫĺ֣ɴȹǶ֡һٻ־ѹԵơ
̶ʱɳź٣ֻǱܿ֡
ûκΣ˿٣ֻдķ֮һ˿ڻ;Ƹߣ϶ԶԶ
ǿĶ٣˵ǺһҾαˡʲġ
˧ǰоٶȱ仺
˧ǰӽ˵Լʮ
˧оͺоٶҲˡ
ϵĳϵڣɿĴһ鱨
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һȡͼ͵ʯչĵĹ۲һᣬͷҲ̧ǰԬ
ǵģ˧ıæͷ
˼ǰͺľж󣿡
ǰоԼʮоԼҲʮԼΪʮıܿ𰸡
عնȻ࿴һۣüô򣬴˧ѽӽʮΪǰкıʵʩΧ
ȻܰΧͲΧߡ
ߵͷʾף΢˼ʣ··սΣ
޴Ҿֲγɱƣһ̡ƺҲµǵĴ㣬һֱγǣƣʹ޷ɳԮ
ߵͷ߾شԳͳϽ
һ٣նʮӱشնΣ
ƾ˧Ըһ٣նɣ˧ĩ
Ҳáûԣ֪ҶսҲϤָ
عЩۺ죬Ҳͼѣ˧ǰԬʱӻоٶȣδػҾԤս
عڵͼȦסߵԤս˵ñȽϺתδأһᡣ
ɱߣ˵ԷѾսˡͱԷѾϤߵΧսˡ
ߵԤսڲԶĵشһƽΪƽĵشȽʺϴžսϱߵʮ⣬ƽ϶ˡ
ع䣬ϵЦЦްѾ붫ߣ᲻ԤսˡֻǱȽϵһ㡭

һᣬһ½ϻأ˧ִǰɳСɲӡ
˧ǰʮͣͲǰо͵Ӫפļ󡣡
Ĩƽͷƣ뿴£ǷˣλָʹУ˭رߣ
ֺͻλָʹϽڶߡ޻شмޣ߸ʹ˧ְƷֱǶ޺Ͷ˧ޡ
ϸͼͷҲ̧˧оܻɢɳСɲϮšֺͻʾ£ߣһз֣ˡ
̧ͷ߸·ҲԵɣС˭սҾҪ˭Դ
ڽ޲Ȼλ˧ǿЦ̩ƽձȨĴ󶼶Լ˧ʬ裬οˣ
ָص˵ͼ۲ɭȻԬȻ
ʾ˲ظԸڿշ裬գ۾ȥɽĺߡ
عһҪ˵ʲôĩˣն࿴һۣҲʲôû˵
սǰ˧˵ùֱˣսʧ˭ͱ¦ӣֱӿͷ
ƾһ䣬͹ˡҲ˵˧жô³谮Ҳ˵˵ʹǾƷ£뿳˭Ϳ˭
ڽߵɱ⣬Ҳ˼
߽ε壬̸϶ʤڹ󵨣ðաΪƾ˼ĻᣬҲΪܱϷŴ˻ᡣ
᾿˭ңֻһؼ
û㹻սʵʩս
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ڽۣһսģ붼ͳϵְ񡣺Լ÷ƽƷ࣬Ҳֱӿʡ
ߵѣ÷ƽʮǰʹͷΣѾΪָ֪ͬˡǸϷս鱨
ǶĵָӲޣ³һǸߴʵϣ³˾ͷֶˣΪ߸ʡ
˶ҡͷ֪λش𣺡ǹط˭֪ϸģ
̫̫͢룬֯Ĵ̽Ϣܵ۵ĵҡùܺã·۶ܼɻһ㡣
ڹ˷ˣԼ֪ģϸȴѴ̽ó
ȻΪʲô˵սж٣һԵء
նôڽУعҲ̲ס
̩ƽǿȹļһһն˧ţԵʵİɡ
̩ƽβǴμҪ̵ʮûаʮ򣬸κָ
ʱսϢɽ´
عһ𣬻࿴һۣȲɽ¸ȥ
ڽһ£Ҳǻ˷ܵ±߳ȥһһҪ⴫˵еսʲôģ
嵽ɽ£عȻɲһ㲻ǰ¶ޱȾ֮ɫؿŴɽתĴ¾ӣ
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ɭȻģɱһ֧ɫӣһ״̬֡
ıһģսʿޱࡣһʮ򡭡
Ȼ󣬴ɭؾ߳
ߣ
նԺˣ޲Ϊܣؿֲĺɫӡ
һ֧Ϣ
һնع𾪺ȻĿ⣬˴˽ڲסͷˣʮ򡣡
ƾϽ۹⣬ЩսϤԺ󣬵óһԵжϣӦʮʮ֮䣡
Ȼ֣ʾ

£ϤеǿҲ
̶̲ʱ䣬ȳսȻϱҲս
УսĳսԻԣ쾡¡Ȼڶ̶ʱУƾն·սӶ򣬽ض˴·
Ҳһܳľָӹ٣ȴҲ֪ȥ飬սԼλ
ȻϣɳȥڣۣͷĴڻˡ
Сۣ̫ڶ򡣰꣬ɱ򡣴֣Կ顣
Ψһ֪ģǲǶ···սԲʮ
Ȼ𣬻ʮפϱռ⡣æ˹ȥϣʮǼйսһͨӶͻΧȥ
Ψһ·ˡ
ԬȫֹͣǰΪ˱̤뱱ƾԤսǰһЩǾǵƽ̹ĵشˡ
ԬҲҪǰкѻļ࣬󵽶ʮһϰ˸Ļռ䣬Ҳϣʹ߶øսʵʩΧ
ڴսǰ˫ıֻΪԼȡơ
ԬΪϮţΪǣƱƾϧһо;УȻɳһ·ɢΪСɲӣͷռγϮţʹ߲òģֱ
ҲȵָʹһЩСɲӡ
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ȻԬȴҲ֪ûк³˰Ǳƾʮ
ǰ·ؾϤƶֱԴγѹȡ
ԬվӪصķǰʮĺɫؾ̾Ϣ
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͵ȡģܿʹһʱָ̨
ڽӸµĹ۲һƽ͵Ӧɣ׼׼ҹսǰࡣ
֧һ֧ǱӦһǧΪ߸󶼶һ֧ɸһ·ʱΪ˧
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عѣ˧ţһȻӵʱԽǾܹķ¡
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һͭĬȻ
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ʮ⣬һ֧ԼսӺɫսߵУ
һ֧ؾ٣ٶȲ࣬Ư
һźѹѹƣɭȻҡӻûѾеɷˡ
ˡ
Ԭޱ飬ȭ֪Ϊ봫˵еսսǸΪߵȦ׶ˡ
ʾ⣬Ӫеһ·뻮һ̤ӪĵһǿɵĴֲڵķǰ׼ӭս
Ԭؿߵľޣȫս
··һ·֮
չɱ¾սϣ˴ƶֻҷ紵
عõĶ϶ָ̼䣬նҰսصĶ˧Ԭб¡Ȼڶ̶һʱܾ͵פߣɼ¡
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۹ⲻƲ죬û취£Ƚ̳еһľ˼룬һκײвӦ
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ؾǰٶȲ죬ȴ˼ѹǹɷԬɫأһ֧þɳľӣ߹䣬ȫԸ
ǲڵһߵһ·ͳ죬Ҳоˡ
ؾԼǧ׵λϣһ·ʿƳһټ󳵣䣡
ת۱ȥ쬵Ʒ˺ѿڵһΪʵĹϵ޵ձԶԶ
նؾŭվǰŵؾʿӵնȴֹסٶȡת۰ؾ紮Ǻ«һ䴩
΢΢üǵһκսܶණϤ
ͳϽؾĽҲüȫٳ
ΪףؾϤٿѹѹؾһȻ١


612 ʿ޵
һγһ𺣡
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عڽ޲Ĭԣ̾ϢϧЩսˡ
ίʵǲţûȼյоǳĹսֶ֮һ˧ȻһҰսʶûС
۲ΰԣ֮ɽΣôˣĲ̵Ĳϰ
ĪΪҰսУ治ʲôһ㣬ҪҲ治˵׵ġ
ߺôڴɾһ¼ٵľҲǱѧϰ޵ľ˼Լָӵȵȣⶼ
ʵ߲ҰսؾҲϤ޵ս
ָӸ̨ϣ߿Ȼϸĵעһºؾһİ
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ľָŲǻ˭߲һ̲סܿ
ܿ죬նľɫУڽһķ֣֧սͷڻ𺣵ȼУûȴȻǰ
Բ赲ƣ侲ȴżĲϧۣǿг𺣡
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߬һѺԬ亹쬣սηη
ڶˣΪεҰܸսҲͬĺηʵ̫ԼʿҲ̫оʿˡ
ϵĹü˼£ɫһЩף߬סȭͷ
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ķֶΣýؾӲͷƤ̤һ·
޵ĸ;еܴﵽһסΪĹϵԶ̾еֻ̣ܴﵽǧףЧҪһЩ
ȻΪߣͺá񻯸Ч̴ﵽǧףʵ⡣ֻû˻ݳ޵ز
񻯾žһ˵Ҳȷ߳Ϊҹں󣬲۰ҹõܿԲʮڵһֻӬĵزԼҲǳ˵ķ롣
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һκǰһǰڵھһЩϸСܼСѻ͵ϱߡؾɱ͵ȼ
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һΣĸֻ͹ӡ
Ȼһ£һֻ߬סࡣأ
ܼĻ͹ȻܵؾУȻһŭ𣬴ؾʿһԾ𣬰Щͳͳɨȥ
ȻҾ֪ػ֣Ļŭš
սʿ䣬ûʲôǡ佫ս飬ȴǻ۵ģҲǵսս̫ʺϾޣȴսѧϰı䣬ȻӦ
սӵսǸոտʼЦˡսĽ죬ı䲢Ӧ޵սʱսǿġ

Сģնѿڡ
ܼĻ͹ӱȥȻʱŲæվһصľ٣һ࣬Ĭ䡣
˵ľ޽࣬ת۾չ׵ĳȣγһǽȻϤѻ͹Ӹ
ɲɫ䣺ã
ϣһԾִץŻѵĽʿѻѶĻڵһ£綪һöȼյǰĶ״ȼճΪ͵Ļ棬û˳ǰߵؾ
赲Ұ
նǽǣǲ̼ô⺷սսȵĵ˧ս°ɣĪҪνʧɣĩû´ǽ߾ܶ
δ䣬֮ڶȻѻɱѹȥˡ
ǽ֮һޣ˲ĹԼһ֮䣬ǧؾҷ
΢΢鶯ƽްһ٣֣ĪڣȥƵ࣡
ĪһԲڿնת̧־һ͵ĵĻףȻǾ޽࣬һնͱ˹Ļ
ǲõ񻯸ֵ̫Ԯ
ԬĽ񻯸ֳԮǻвٷֶΡϧһ߸ƣҷɢ񻯸֡
ڣǡһԾеĳǹʿ߰ʿǣ汾ɱɱо
һ·򲽱ϤһԾϣķХɱо
ͺ̻ϳһޡһתۣؾѹѹĴֻб۳˽սļ飡
ǿӲĺչ˻õĻײ
գݲıƵս
Ԭ鲻ԽץסдԵһսܲڽսлսǾԵģʮܲͻΧ
սս壬ȫսֻͷçײͳʹ򡣡һͳԬ覻ͷ
۴ҰսУ˶ֶΣջҪڽⲫսġ
һ߿Żȵģ׺սԬüëǻһססŤһʹ̫ˣ

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һתۣǰŭ𣺡
һźţһתۣؾʿıԵս鼼ƾµıÿһؾʿնɱо
սϵĽɱݲûεġǿǿһ˲䡣
Ŀеƾ֮ףؾš
һǧؾսɱɣȫ̳һǿޱȡƾűһս鼼Ȼش˹һ·
ԬĿãһ·սǿޱȵؾܣʹ··ͻ
ʱ
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ս鼼ԣǧϡһʱ۵ٶȸ룬ÿһϾͺӳһ
һǧת۲ֻ֮֫裬Ѫ쭷ĽٲȻ޵С
ͻܼȻһǧҲֵסţһ⼫˶һ浱У͸ɱǧˡ
ŭһźš
ɱһһǧ˲䱬ս鼼ɫĹ⻪ŲҫֲϢսϡ
ĴʿؿЩ޵еĵоһս鼼ɱ¾Բʮ׵ˡ
һǧֻһս鼼ͺɱ˽ӽʮĵˡ
죬ؾƲӣ
ӥʿ


613 Իؾŵǿ
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һǧ޵еڴһ㣬ͻͻ֮ԾǲҺ
нâһʱᾹȻ޷ǧ˺ۡ
һǧ˵һǰƲɵ·һУͽ͡
ԬȽ죬Ӽпŭ𣺡ʲôʲô
ɱ¾һǧֱɱ¾޸֮ƽ
Ԭӿһɷĺ쳱ŭػһѾס鱨٣ҲүңʲôΪʲôǿս
ⲻӢս飬ļս飬Ҳ弶ۣϽף
Ͻս飬൱һ֧һǧɣսӳٶȣӳַĿֲɱ
Ҳֻ൱ļս顣һǧӥʿԻʮĴ
ҲңԬָűɱ¾Ľʿֻŵ鱨Աŭ𣺡㿴㿴Ϊ鱨˶ٽʿʲô⣡
ݺݵһ͵鱨ٴڵϣԬָ侲ȻһЦջӪ׻Ӫ
ˡ
һǧʿ޵еŰϵĳɫİѴҡ·ؾͬһƽ·ѳɶ֡
Ԭʹؿǰսֻŭк˭˵սûսмˡ
ս˭Ǿżսʦ
սڼԬ᲻֪
սһޱĺսʦϧ·սʹѹϡֱµһǧԼǣơ
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ԬϢһǰһڣʹȥս飡֧ѹϵؾȻһɫս飡
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Ҫ
ԬȻڼˮ׼ʵڲѷɫˡɣƺһӳɫĿ˧
Զ֪Ķֲߣս޲ʤɱ֮Ƶİ

Ͻף
նعڽѾǧʿı֣ˡ
һǧս飬ĵоӥʿһεǳĻԻս
ڽȣع˵˴ҵǿľӣһҾܺϷսˡ
ӥʿǿǿĲ֮ϽףܴﵽϽףǱǿġ
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ϧǾƣޡӥʿܼҲֻǧˡ
ӥʿڽؾҲЩһʱʧԡ
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նعڽѾһ˿һĵˡ̩ƽЦмȻɴ㵣𾪣ߣȻëȻ˵η塣
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˭ãͶսϣζʲô˳Լȸ⣬ʵھûжĶˡ
˻ʣκһҶ齨һ֧ģǧĶӡ
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ӵһ֧ģǧĶǸġ
κΣ·ߵĴײˡ

ˡ
Ԭףŭɢ侲ս˧ǣǾ͡ƾô˧Ǿ̫ˡ
Ԭʮؾֻ·ܼƾһǧ񣬾ͳ׻Ԭ
۶Է˧ǲߣһǳĺǳļһ
Ԭ͹̩ƽعȱ϶ֹʤܡȻһθеĴܸС
ԷվһԿϷĮؿԬ̨ϴһ
Ȼһ֣Ԭˡ
Ԭ̲סĵ׵Ŀɬнĳˣһ·ס£
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ڼΪʿսвҰܣԬȻܲŲæһ߳ˣһ£ѾƵһˡ
عĲԬǰ
𿿾ʮо൱˲ĳɼعȻǰս﷢ϧΪսնսʵ̫ˡ
ʱؾ׷ҪԬоԬҲ֪ҲûκΡ
ƽսߣնϸĹ۲һ޺ĹȰ˧ҵľ飬һԬо»вٵķֶΡ绹ǡڽΪȻ
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ϹЦתһ£Ŀɨڽĩ뿴ǻжս
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ǳǳһЦƺѣ˵Χս
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ԬоԼʮһ·£˿£о
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šͷųһս˹ȥ壬˱͹
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ɱߵ˺ܶࡣûһܳɹ϶Ե޹ʵġ
ɫУϬĿƺġ̣


615 ɱۣ޵
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Ԭȴ죬·ؾУԱһ·Ϊ͡
ǾԵĺˣ¸κδۣӶﵽսսĿꡣΪͳ˧ȻҲ߱һʣûôݡ
·ؾ͹ô߷Ʈҡҡҡ׹
ԬܲͻΧ⣬ܷܲˡ
ʮؾһϽս飬һսΪʿΪսȴǿࡣ
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ôڱߣĻǣ򲻹Ҳܲ
ҴģҲǹĶӰļӰӰǼΪսĲӰڴΧŲƣԼ;
֪ӰٶܱΪһĻҪһߡ
ӰͼӰǶ˵Ǵ򲻹Ҳܲһ˳װףгĳ̹ˡ
˱ᣬƺҵõǡݴʣڵ
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ۣէȻһ塣ƻΪһâת˲ͻϮۡ
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Ӣ˵ƣ˲ϼҹɫзѤˣȴһǹգն̿һѺۡ
һȱֻһǹ֮Ȼǧŷ׹䡣
Ϊ赲ƣתۺڴϣһѪ׹䡣
ת֮䣬ȪһѪɫǧѪ˿
ҿ㻹ûͨʩչɭȻ׹䣬һ壬ŭХ죺ϣ
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ת۴ԭʧٳֵɲǣȻڰյУ컭ϷѪ顣
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˲ߵ֮⣬ֻкȻԼߵ˼

ԬͶΪͳ˧µĴ󶼶֮һľ²ŻһָģҲߵġ
ԬͶҲζŴͶƲɵˡ
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һͦţͶһ·
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ս£ʵǷš
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Ϭ΢΢ǣ֪Ц⻹Ƿ̡ȺûӵļһǴһΡ
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ɱߣ͸ɱˡÿһ죬߾ǿһ֣ɱһ֡ɱˣҲԶɱˡ
Լкܶ˶ûڵóӷء֪ʮкüɱߵʱȴÿһζ˴߶ʱ˺ͣưȻ
ȵ죬ܶ˶ʱ¶ģϧκδۣҲҪɱߵʱ򡣾ķһˡ
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ļڣҲŻĻԻֱͣڻ˿ĻܸС
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̶ʮһֱƴƾͼǣƵһӾͷ޲ȥһС㿴㿴ҡ
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ңӳΪ㣬Ҳӹâģߵĸʵ
񻯵ʮһֱһ֣â̬ռһıµҲѹƵͬͷ
Ҳ֪ͬŷֱ׷ֻһһϳĿꡣ
һսߵʵո¶Ҳ֪ں׷׷ͷ󺹵ͬһƵѪ
Ѿûû׷ˡ˼ᣬڣѧʿһԾվ۷ˣΪǿļ֮һˡ
һǵ࣬Ѫ֮󣬳Ļ䡣Ҳ֪ǲߵѹƣһͬУɲŵȴࡣɲŵģֶǶ֡
¹ܡ֮սȥ𶯣ٲˡ
û̫⣬ܵѺŷ²شӪȻһ˦ִ˧ͷڽڲ޺Ͳıдһݼľ²߻顣
ҪÿһƷ죬ְ佫޶ʱڣϽһսƻ
˵󣬸û죬Ȼǿ䱸ǧɨǧʮ̻طŵ˷ߡ

յ£ĺһ裬ϽĴսƻһݣʱջֱʲô
ջİһսƻ飬ڵذϣ˭дģֱ֪ν˭һƷģ飡
ģ˵֣עȱսĿ⣬սʺΪ߼٣
Ĺ￴֣ٶһᣬЦǰϣһˣˡǱɡ
ޱ飺ŮˣڳЦ𣡡ĹͷЦΣҲ̲סЦˣ˵ѹֻôء
ɣսҪǳ䵱٣һȵҲ
Цһᣬһݣһͷ̲סü˭дģΪ߼٣۲ҪжõԶҲôȱս۹ɣ
ҿĹӹһᣬòһ£Ҿд԰
ץץͷƤû˵дˣЩȫսġϱգգۣɰãȻģգգۣ˵˾дôִսûдҪôΪʲô򣡡
Ĺﻹǲѹ߳ЦһӾһȻְͲ
ߵҪǺеġ
𣬲Ƚ֮󡣳״򿪶·ƣڣڶ·뱻ķȱ߶Ҳô˷ˡ
֮սҪһģӰϷսҲֱӰ˴
ʮĸ𣬴ɥʧһ֧սԻʧȥսԷȫ汻ĴСʣµĽҰսҪסѹһٶĵطԳս
֮սϷսΪҪתۡ··ԴвѶٸʮס
···ܱߴһһʮ򡣴⣬жʮطռĵطر
ʮߺɨǧ֮սѾʮؾγһʮڻڳ˰սϡ
ƺǧһγƾеľ¶š
ȻƵָ£ϷΣֵġ
ߵִһ̵ʱ߻ˡ֮սˣͨսս˼룬Ѿһš
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һЩսƻ鵱УأԱһһĴ㡣
ֻܿЦá
߿һݵʱǰһͷ˲൱ɫ൱ɫս۹ء
˭
Ĺ棬߷һ֣Źֵķһ䣺ҺûԬдɣ


618 ǾǳǸӷ
죬пѡ
ڣ峺ߴһЦȻһȽϾ߱ս۹⡣
Ųء϶Ǻ˵ĹＤ˰٣ŭָδ
߳Ƥӣ˵ƾٲУսϲ̫ס
Ͻսƻ飬Ҳܶٿ˹̩ƽˣ߼ٲ߱ͳŵ
Ī˵ˣն½ûĽ󶼶ҲԲ̫ͳš
˼·пߡҪǲϤ˽սġ
쿪ߡҪǲϤ˽սָ߹ֹۡ
г¥ߡҪǲ̫߱սжϣս¡
ҲϳɳߡԼǱԸʹȻ
ҲкߡԵʣǾͲˡ
֮ս߻У߸еģࡣгʵģҲ١
ڸ棬Ƚģǡǡǹ̩ƽϽġΪ߱սԶս߻ҲΪơ
ϳͬΪ˧ս߻磬Ǵˬ൱ɫսԶ
ѹƵҪŪ̩ƽȴƫƫöҪߴ˼̩ƽԼǱƵǰɫĸ߼֮һˡ
ʱıƾϽϵϣ˵ˣԺҲûͷ·ˡ
Ϸսǰͳ˧Ͻһʵְߺճ֮󣬾;ϽǵĳȥҲϽ档
ʽƤСЩὫ죬ն½߼죬ȡǰϽԱЩˣ̩ƽһơ
̩ƽͽϳǵǰƾУΨ߱ͳžˡ
ʮڴ֮ǰֻһ˫ӽĴսǾƽҪһս
ƽǿǿһһƽġȿսȻһһƹ
һͰѹ̩ƽŰ򣬲ƽϹȥƵ۵˼ɨ̩ƽϽΪƵۿϷţƵղġ
Ƶ붯ȴûҶ̩ƽȻ̩ƽΪƽܴսľ٣ɫĽ֮һǲ㶯ġ
ͳţһתġžսκһ˵󶼻ҪӣҪѡǾţҲԴžս
ɾپߣʵսߣžսḻˣתϰģսģҲԲᳬˡ
ҲϷսĸ߼٣ձ鲻̫߱ǿս۹⣬žսûôء

̩ƽս߻ۺ˵ġ
⣬ҲһЩս߻һʵݡڴսսһȱʧҲڸǲǵĹʡ
úĹʱ䵱飬ЩĲ߻֣½
õģõģӹġ
ƤСĺʽһǴƷһƷύս߻ƤСķƿɳ£һʡֻͳʹ򡱡պûߣֻʺϳΪͳ졣
ʽı֣˾ϲǡһαõļὫ֮һ
ۣİѺĹȡȻıߺ裬߶ְ֡
ǰ衰·սλƷ䶯ĲľҲ˳Ӧ󣬶ʣ˸Ӵ֡
ʽڵϸΪٸϳڵĴ󽭸Ϊ󶼶ڵƽԭΪԭ
߸²ս帮սʱϷҰսߴһһʮ
طһĵĿǰϷսߴָʹͳϽԼʮطٲҰսҪɨռС͸ӻٵÿķ
طرһʱûиƣָʹʱƷطϵͳҰսϵͳְƴϾͲͬˡ
帮ֱǽϳ̩ƽԭ˶񣬸Զʮ󶼶ˣҲԶдһƷΣߣΪߵҸ˧
عĶٸع䣬ϵóת붫ٸҲǻǨġ
նĽǲóռģΪǱĹϵͳƬӴ
󣬾ߵ߸ûƣȻʱֻʮǰ˸֮ĵһڹְĸ⣬˾λöƵʱá
õλãǵԳͳǰĺܲ
ʱµˣû˵ϵɺĹһҲǶġ
˵һǰէϤҲµ
֮սΪϷսϵģսģսۣѾ춨ˡ
ܶѾߵĻˣ˹ǿսĲôںЩ±ߵĽٿϲϡ
߷Ը±ϽսƻҲԼľ֮룬˵Լʮ֣Щ̫ƽӹȵ˧תְ
˭Ĺּ
ץץͷƤƤСĺʹܲǰǨءҡͷ´ӱֺõĽѡһЩʱ
µһ೯͢һ߼Чͨȫ
Ĺ̩̽ƽ
ʱᡣߺȻͦʶʱ񣬵ȴսԹԵԶˡ
ʱǲ̫ϤҲ̫µ
֮սɹ⽫ΪƽİģĴսҲģսۡʱһǶƵҲԺ
ǰһѫƵҲδظֱ溳
ۣŴ۵̫ȻǿЦˡ

Ϊʲôˣ
ٴˣʮǰĻȴȻλүӣǵƵߵģ֨ÿһηһ
û˻ٵĲŸɣڱƵθ׸Ķʮ꣬ΪıƻָԪܲƸβչ
θ׸Ķʮ꣬ǱƹĶʮ꣬춨սĵȻȫˡһλɫμҡ
ȻʱϵǰһֿƾĳȻ̬
Ϊʲô˵Ϸͳ˧ºͲ֮սһҹܴνסϷţǲһ
覺ܹ߸磬Ҳרĵ
ƺ΢Ц֮սףٽĴ󹦡۾ƺǣʵ峺ʱ֮ضշУ
ʱȻЦˡ赭дĻȴǵͷһʱԴԴ
԰ףĵ¶үӣ˵
ƺ˯ˣһᣬģƺ֮󣬽Ƿˮ룡
һ΢ЦСӶʲô˼
¶һ˵ԹĹĵɷǿɰʧЦˣϷ˵ǣԱ߸δʲô˼
СѾͷߺһſҵ飬үӣ߸˵ʲôŮɡĶţС죺ء
֪Ƿٵ۾Ȼϸһƺôǰ
Ҫ˵ᣬϷģȴǱƱ׮¡ٲΡΡŹȣҪվ񣬻˵硡
СѾͷϽǰЦűʾл⣬߱˵ǻôѩ
ˣͰȥľ¶
СѾͷҪͣүӰڰ֣ŹƵ߳ȥ߱ߺС
ǾǳǸӷӡ˷ˣ޳


619 ս󣬰ӿ
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˻ᱻ¸Իˣ٣ܶҶǹ˽û죬˭ж˼˲ţδء
ʮظμɣ١
ĪҪ˵нûСǴɣҲһ˼ɲŵϡˣǾͻδɡ
ҲǣУ𶼲ֵǮˣֵˡ
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ûô򣬸ɴ໹һͶɣٻܵõһôǡ
ͷһֱӶ¶ۣಸҪǮƵĴڳ
ǧܵȰ˴ۣʡɺҲûǳɰˣȻҲָܵQ
޵еۣһۣܣίʵۻҡ
κΣ۵ķͷһӾͱһ˸ߣסˡ
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սۺ󣬰糱·⣬Ƕ⣬ȴҲһʱжϡ
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һͳԣδؾֻĴ˻ʵϷ
Ĵ˻ʵͰɽһ߿һȱڡʱ֣һ±˷롣
˶ڴһķ˻ʵģɱߵġ
˶ڵȴߺ֮սĽ

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˻һͳ޵ϣһ룬Ҳҡġ
Ȼ֪棬
¹ôϴһͳϷδȾȲðձʱ䣬˵˻ҲԻܴɣһͳ²޶ġ
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߽ı߸ʮһȳΪݴɺ֮ϵľǿ
߻ع鱱ƣ̾ͳΪĴ˻ɵҲΪĴ˻֮ǿĹҡһ֮ս¶Իܶ˻ʵʵ
¹ĶڣڵͳΪǿǱ°
սۺʶ֮ʿΪɻܴ̼ȴϣɳϵ侲
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࣬۷ս飬һ߳Ϊ롰ɱ˱ȼǿߣһǾɱ֮һֻܴùģҲһߡ
ɵűļһҲ侲ɵ˶侲
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֪ڶ̶ʮУܴﵽΪѲΪƽСǰٷ֮ǧ᲻ϧһдȸɵߡ
侲˹ǻû׼ô졣
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ԬҲڣ֮ڣΪǶͶΪЧǱơЦЦһΪɻ߸Դ˵ôܶࡣ
߰ÿɷ񣺡߸кôǣĶ̫̫ˣһʱû˿
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죬һըƣɺͱƾͻǰս
ԬӵߵıǰսԲǴɵļƻ
߲ͣȴҲסߣǣϵ̫ˣǾǵӳëҲ
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ѧЩȨϵ˼룬Ϊ£֮ڳӡʵĹٶʾѧ˼ĲӶһƽ˼롣
ΪʵۺһһǵأƽһҶ˼׳Ҳδսѧˡ
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ѧΪǣڽɽߵЦƺ䣬ֻûܲ
߸ͽɽЭ飬١оҪ󱱲߸ƵۣɽŻ
ߵʱ϶ţ컹ŲţǾͲ˵ˡ

㲻ġ
ޱ飬͵̣ҲѣҲ֪
Ƶ΢Цˡ
ߵķ־޻˵磬ֻһʵˡ
ûѡˡ۵ջ𲻼ڣǹ˲棬Ҷ֮ʲô顣
˲ҲãҲãѣ֪
ƵǳǳЦ⣺ıˣ㲻ˡ
䵭ǻҲı䲻ռҵˡȼŭĿ⣬ƵۣռΪЧǧ꣬Ҳɵ۵ѻֻ֪ǡ
һ٣Įֻ߹
ƵЦЦȡһֻ«裺ǺӺ֣ܶ˽ĥһ䷽ҲŪˣһЩȴҲзζ磬ԣ
ޱغһڣͷռҲܡռҳ㡭һ٣ȻЦˣߣӵУ
ƵζһЦռһ᲻ĳУңǺӣռǴûƵĴ㣬˵죬ռҲᱳѴɡ
ƣĨһ֪סƵ۵Į˵˵Ǳ˵
ƵۺܿͰ£½˵ˡҲֻ衣
Цս˵ķ̣ڴ֮ǰ֪ࡣ
Ƶ۳Ĭ


620 Ѻ

۷ЦֻкĻ
ΨһĶӣϣȻû˵ࡣ
˵Σǰ;۽ɱȶࡣʱգȻ֪ʲô
޼ɵֻƵƫƫɫ糣ԵóţһŰǱϲãҴδʧ׵ְ𡣡
ϵȻҲ롣
δءֹסЦĮ˲رҸʲô
ƵĦ豭һСչŮӣȻʧٺܾáûʹңŮںεء
ã̧ͷֱӣһֱڵѯûʡ
ۼֱԣΪͲ㡣˲ΨһĶӣȴ㡣ǳ˻ʣҲǿŵý
Ƶ۴üëĲûңĸ׵¡ûңϪ¡ûҵ£ܶࡣ
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Ƶҡͷͳʣȴ֪һֱڵʡ˸еת豭ڵʡ
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ΪϷͳ˧սֲƵıƵȡ־ѪɫֽȾһƺ졣
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λûôסߺ̸磬Ϭ磬Ȳµ࣬Ƶ۵Ķһһı¶
ڴ֮ǰƵ۱Ҫסҵıϳߣǳһĵǲض˵ġ
۵ƻ᲻ΪϵıƣҪܶ࣬һΪϷͳ˧ͳϽһ
ƵҪƾӣе취ѡȫûҪϷͳ˧һУⱾǶġ
ΪɾЧƳսƳսʱڴɾζְǧʢ֮һ
ǵģɾдžս˿ȵġҲǾ޸Уԣóžսġ
˵ͳžսĽ죬ǿôһÿһܳô
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˻֮·ϣ;ˡҲҵȷĵ·һ·ƵĿ峺УһĨˣͨ˻ʵĵ·ġ
ޱ飺ĪǣΪǻλ̵棿

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ͨʵۣ϶ֵ˻ҪΪΪҪ˵Ȩƣ֮ΨҶ𡣱ǺĹﶼеȻĶء
Ϊһ˻ʵȨƣܻ㻹ϱҵƷŲ
ҲŲͷʲôƨ˻ʡƲ죺ҵǻҰѱƲ뱱߸СѾͷʵۣ
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еֻ
ֻҵȻӵءĹﲻһΪʲôʵô֡
Ϲˡ죬ùð˳ɾڹ˲û˲Ҳû˵
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Ĵ˴գգۣ۽ëŶ

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Ĺ߽ż⣺㵱Ǳ㰵ʾҶˣַô¡ôһ²ⶼûС
ץץͷŮˣҵ͹ˡ
Ĺ΢΢죬Ĳ棺ʵʵҵҲʾΡ
ȻЦΪɵȻһҹˣԭˡĹﱻЦ࣬ʹߵ棬ݺ״㣬ͱǲǻ಻̫Σ
ҪôŹ˲Ʋ죺Ҳ֪ɽͱ߸Эɡ֮ǰûɹɽֱ尵ʾɽĳ˻ĳйᡣ
ЦҲ£ͽɽйģԼǵıءһСĵﺼۣû׼ǹģ㹫Ȼ˶Ŀ
Ҳԩͷ
ЦС
ĹŴ죺Щˣֱֱһۣ̫ˡ˵ţݺݰһۣƺɳ׺᲻ᱻ۸
ƤӣΣôס
ι˲Ϊ˲ͻңôһģΪӪļļһᵥΪѪޱߣ
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ԲУ΢һ㣬ûôƻ˲ϧ߽թ˵ôˡ
˲ˣԲһɿصˡ
£ΨһĵѪ
ۣ˲թ֮ʱȥ޶棿Ǽ٣
ʮʱøִֵս
սܲ


621 Ĺˣս
ĵĵս׶Ρ
Ȼ̤ģΪŵĴͷ죬£ʹƳҰԴսӣҲıս׶Ρ
֪Ƶ۸һ޵ʹ
ֺıѺۣ޸ʵߡ
Ϲ˵ϢһƵźšƵҲ磬һ˽º̸һаʾϹ˵٣Լ֡
һҪ˸ǰǲŽ⡣
߹ƣϹ˼棬һǺ¡Ϲ֪ڹ˲ĳЩµĻʱͲ׵ˡ
ʱ򣬱ҲȽ˰ɡ
Ӳ·ķߣһһЦ棬ʲôӦ
սϺʮγһľ»ش
ߴŵһЩһ·ǰߡ
һǰĽܶ࣬һɫʾ⣬ְ񲻹ģϤվסԼնˣ½첽ǰ
ߣȥץһѰ죬е㷢ϵǱǰ߽ʿѪȾġ
߲ɫһۡ
ʽͳ죬룬֮󣬵۷׷סӦɵҲ֪սˡ
һ˵֮սһͳ˵ȡ
ϻһԵͳӣ㿴ǰߣǴһЩʲôˡ
ߣ磬ϳ̩ƽع䣬նǡǡˣҲǡϷսߣʵȨصˡ
⣬һһµۣҫһְ汱ָӲ޵ģҲ
һͳ˼ϾһǰδеĴսˡǵñֺһ㡣ȻһߣǱǴʧһβսĻᡣ
⼸ͳ콻ƺЦҿǴʧһǨĻ档
һЦǣһαƽģĴսսضдʿõǨʱòҲضΪشǨʱ
֮ǣߵ˵ģйսȴôֱ̫ӡ
ϸСָ컬䣬ЦЦݴƯȻŪգȴĺƯϱ֮սȴôˡ
ն޲㵣ʧЦҾ븴һ֮ս˼Ҳÿϰ˵֮սƣΧߴ
һʮ򣬴⣬һڽԮ̯֣ҵΧߣܸҶٱ
ɻЦЦµ˼ǣϣ˧ķΧڣ޵ĸŷһ·
˴һֱһƵҪûսҪԵоˮ˰
üȻ͢ûаտƶޣȻ߶Ƶķˮµһ⡣
ͷ߾ȻһӾͲµˣҲߵĴָкȫԱȽϳǿ˺ܶࡣ

Թ̩ƽ˵ĵλûһָжûС
һ˼̩ƽԼ뵽ĵȥɰԾһۡ
ƵΪͳ˧ҪûҪսûսع϶в֮սҲǴĲͲ춨š
֮սףٻһЩߵĸ˾²Ÿɡ
ΪϷŴͳ˧ҲþҪôɫľ²Ż½ƣвپıЩܲǳԸɷİɡ
߲һжôܳľ²ŻǣָУȫԣǾͱȹ̩ƽǿˡ
˵ƵΪϷͳ˧һٺʲѡˡ
˵ݺʮ꣬򽻵ģԼ˻ǵˣǧܵȣ̸磬豦Ϭɵ۵ȵȣһǾ
Ҫ˵ֹۺȫԣԼۺǹ˲ԳƳҰҲڶ
Ϊһʮָӹ٣þҪôɫľ²Ż¸ҪжȣԼֵĴֹۺս۹⡣
ƵΨףķ֣˭治˵
簵ֱԣұƣ̫ĽĺģնҲڳˡ
ڱϣʹܣռͳλûü춨
Ҳ˵ܰܣԲһܵסȻռĸ´ڳͷγսڱպսԡ
Ϊһٶͳ˧۹ֻԼĵתƣǾһٷ֮ٵĲϸͳ˧
ΪʲôشΪʱ̲ǾͺбҪôʱάסһľ档
عüѣ̫ˡţֲ군ϴΪѱĳﰡ
翴ߣţһʮʮ½һԮڱϣһ½˵½ҲãʹӾҲãһ
ããڸ󣬾Ժȣ֮ǰǣרоƲ⡣ΪӵǰľӦϲĿơ
סָ⣬ڰ֣˵Ҫġ
粻Ϊ⣺鱨Ʋ⣬ȷϲƲңҪԼ֣ϲܻܿһϷһַķˡ
ֲࡣжϣ˿ǧ򣬶ԱһȽϺ֣ͻԪ
ʵϣѾﵽˡ⣬ʹӾ½дԼ
ʱʮʹӾڱϵһУһʹӾ֣һˡ
ȻãڸԼԺ鱨ܼ㣬Ʋ⡣Ϊսһ£һΪ׵Ŀ
һǡʹϣӶγһ״̬ˣۡˣϵͳλжҡĿܡ
ࡣһҲֱȽ׵ˣˣﲻԤڵսԾơ
Ŀ侲µս£ԣѾɶ¡
ߴףпһ¡ƲҪˣ

߸ٸԭԭ
˱ȥƷƺ¸İ˸
Уѱóֻ¸áսǱǶͶһ䱸Ͷ߷Ķ
սһ߸ϱߡ
ٸһ֣ʵսڿ϶ϵλϣָδŶٴ󺣵˼
ͱֻʣӲ䣬򡣺ϲΪһսҲ߸߸սģԼ
ʵϣս£ԣ߸ĶǱޣǴɡ
ս£Ҳûս¡Ƶĵƣƽԣ٣һ¶ˡ
߸ʮ²սϷսƼ帮͢Ȼ£Ҳ˵ȥһ߾ͻˡ
²սζűֻʣʮӽʮط
ҰսƼ£½ơ
߽һʮҰսķ֮Ұսͳͳһ˵ϡһֲ֣ܿ
Ҳ˵ƳҰжôһս
ǱѺϹ˵֮ս


622 
ս֪ܲսϢ٣ת䡣
ߣսԼսƣΪĿĽ㣬Ȼ̨ڷйעϱ֮ս
¶ʮƶʮƺƵִս
ƵطսҰսߴһʮ
ߣΪһʮսͳ˧ΪʷĴͳ˧Ϊģս۵Ĵͳ˧֮һΪʷģս۵ͳ˧
ǵˣҲһǧս۹ģϰΨһһͲʮ꣬һ²ʮĴͳ˧
¶ʮգԮһ½ִ
ӴˣһʮһʹӾܱߴʮ
Ϸţܱһʮ
ţܱʮ
İǧսϣγɾսǰš
Ȼһսս˫սܱٽߴ򡣹ģ֮󣬿νǰ
˻֮⽫ǹģľսһ˻֮ʮУһ˫Ͷߴ˰ľ˹ģսۡ
˫ܼͶǧȫٹʱģľս
һˣĬĶޣһǧģľս·׷ǲǰ۽
·ƾ鱨㣬ƲΪߵսӦһ򵽶֮䡣
ΪߵսԴһǱ߸չǱƵչṩڹŰץġȻǺеġ
ǡãҲԴĽˣΪЩʱ䶼ܵ͹ȥߣڹץս飬׳ս
һʦĻԣȫ綼Ƶȥˡ
ܽǾЩˣڹѰҡࡱɡ
Ȼ߿ϲϽͣҪ˼۾롣߶׫ģս˵кܶ·Ļˡ
׫˵ǣһʱһ
սۣս״δģʱս¶ණ˵㹻Ļɡ
ؾһɫϽףǿս顣׵ܶ࣬Ҳ׸ԣ֮ԴߴĻ
ο϶ȥˡ
չ࣬԰һսۣ˲ˡһϱսǿ϶ֺᷢܶࡣ
΢ЦȥǱҲˡ
죬ȻҲô롣Ҷ׫ģΡʱգмκҡ
ɣźϧûͻΪۣȻǿۣҲġ
ջֺǺǵɨӰ壬ȥȵλսδ򣬾ҪͷλҲıһˡ
⣬Ϊһ档

˵һ㣬붬ǰһսܲܰĹӭڣͿһս
˵һ㣬ǾްȨһս
ûҲû˸ҰôҪһսͶűߴİģĴսһͲʮͳ˧
ƵΨףǾԳšƵ۵Ǵ
սɣҲڴģս˵ͳ˧ߵͣʱӦûѧϰγΪһϸм졣
飬ĺ̹ϣǿڱҪʱ̺ɱЩһ˧ȱ߱
ߵλϣͰʮʿȥȡսʤܲܺģȥ
ҪɱһսܴﵽսʤҲ֣
ҪΪһɫĴͳ˧Ҳ˵˵սĸӣ˵Щ߱ʣĲһ߼ܾ߱ġ
۾ޣйŴǽơҪ˵ڴŵģĲ࣬˵١
ҲãŴҲãܶͳޡ͵ڳΧʵܶսҰܣɨأ̶ܴϾΪ⡣
׷ţǷܳΪһսĺϸͳ˧
ȴҲֻԬ²Լնˣϡ֪жô͹ߡ
δһôɫм٣ҪͳϽǧ˻ǧ˸ʽ͸᷵ȴսһܰߴ©ʺ
߿϶һϸģɫĴͳ˧Ƶѡλã⣬ҲΪֻ߾߱ʡ
Ԭҷģ߱ƽʱ򣬾¶ͶǾͳͳ˼
пһ㣬Ǿ޸ֵһսս˵ʤ򽫻γϱֲµĸ֡ʤһͳسɶ֣ɵжȻ
ʤûʲô˵ġǱսʤս壬̫̫شˡ
ʤƾһͳսеĵǿǷ˻ʵǿġ
ϲ˻ʵˣһӾͻᷢ֡ҵ֯ˡֻ֮һһѾҲ׸ԡ

ǧͶĴģսսŲ߽
ƵϤսԱжôش塣ҲϤҲҲڶ߸ʺϳΪͳ˧ˡ
Ƶ۲ǡȾͲ˹ױдּƨɺ߾ˡ
ֻּһ˼սǰ߶ԴӶƷµãǰ߶ϲþ֮Ȩ
˵ǴӶƷ£˭˭˭˳ۣԷԷ˯򶹶Ϸ࣬ûʵۺͳ͢׼ֻ豨
ϲþ֮Ȩ˵ôϡһΣȴǰӶƷʯ쾪Ȩ
̩ƽӵһͱߵɶʩŰʷǰĴȨϷϵµû˸֨ˡ
û룬ּǡá
ͶűߴİĴսУڵսλһ·ˣȻ޷ʵ
ڲұƵ£ֱ·Լ·ʱ衰šսλ
һʮҰսһڲɢԭбƵǰ£ÿһ·Ϊλ··ϲΪһսš
ȣֱʹ˧ԱԼڸ⣬£ʱΪʮš
ϳ󶼶һʱʾ֧֡ҲϹеսλ޷սҪʱǱġ
·Ϊλ࣬Ϊ׵ģԲս⡣
ʵǱƾսλʱ
һ½Ϊ˽ĴսƵսλҲ൱ĵ
һСҲɵؽС
ƤСĵΪ˧ͳ죬ӦɹҴӶƷͷΣΪһͳ˧
߸ʮʱΪһţƼδӶƷͳϽ߾š
ԳҴӶƷΣʱΪһͳ˧
ʽҴӶƷΣһͳ˧
ƾţţڳĬΪսĵ׼
ͳϽһӴľţĻи£߱öһͷײˡ
ϣĳɣ
˵ǷѪҫǰߣ͹˷治¶棬˵һ¾ƮȻˡҲΪΣ˾ǡ
ΪʲôɣƵɵ΢ЦæóӴ߿Ҳû᲻
ƵۺȻһЦս֮˵ѾȡŲˡ
Ѫٿ⣺ϣļƻܳɣ
Ƶۣһ߿һϼѪһ
Ϊʲôɣ
ùô˵


623 ˧
һڵĻߣǧƾڱϡ
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ѲǰߵʱżеһĪֵʶϤУĳЩļ䡣
է⡣Ȼʵܱһʵǣͱƾռ˱ڴϣ׼ƬϷս
˺߼ĳһ˰̡
ƾʱ࣬ȻۣҲûţʱࡣ
һ·̫Сһ̫Ҳ̫ģˡ
һʵ൱һսǱ׼սλʵϣһжκιҶһɵĶʱʮ
ñȱư˸ʮģٵֻжʮ񲻾ã߸ֻʮء
·ΪһսλڽεĴս̫Сսλ
ӵ£ܶʱǲġһ··ʱϲΪһš
ıһʮʱΪʮšʹӾһҲʱΪʮսʱš
էȻһʮսʱţϱƾʮţʤ㼫
ձΪսǹؼжսսжôǿ⽫Ϊϱ֮սľԾ
ޣһٵ
ı൱ʦ߰ıٵľıھԼľĻš
ľ²ޣıԼ٣ۼһã׷չۡ
ϣͳ˧ɫĴ˧һۣһ̫࣬һۡ
˧ʹӾ˧⣬̫ͻۣһһʹӾϵͱʵûм˼ǾͲ˵ˡ
˭Ҳ׵İȫһľһ˵ϡ
ĳЩ˵ģսҲասʤĻⱱ󣬻֪ʵ𣿿¾ֻ֪ϣء
ȻʵΪ˻ʣⶼ¸ϣĴλı̫ߣǾ̫ˡǹأҲ뿪ˡ
Ƶ۸ڰѱƴľһˣܷĺܵ£ҲֻᷢڱƣֻᷢƵۺ֮䡣
صģӵĹϵҲƵۺ֮ΣעǶһ޶޷Ƶġ

һæµӪʵСܶæоƶսҲڿϣġ
ϣıͷβһˣĹ١ּһǧˣܳΪͳ˧һ׮£Ҳǧ˧ˡ
ϣΪһӹ͸˹ʵˣԼ߼Ĺ١ʮĹ£ҲǾһСĴ档
ʮǰϣĻһ͵ĵطĹ١ʮǰٲ٣ϲеǿս
ִ֮䣬һСģǰܣ˹йǲ֣ʵʩնսж١
ٳ¡ϣΪһط٣ӲͷƤʿĵط͵صֿֿסо֣˵о
Լ߰ǰĽս˴սǹһȲһ㹥ǡ
ϣһαսطܣֻһָʮطҰսĻϣչһδսһλܵоչ¶ͳ˧սĲŻ
չ¶²ŻϣҲûϵͳȻΪ߼Ĺ١
ֱĴ˻ʵȼҪ϶֣Ϊչս
ͱƵȸһƽ꣬ƽ춼̫ףὫʱͷƻʮ꣬ôвŻģܸɵὫͷȡϽһ
ȻºýĥĥˡκΣ͸һ˴ɣ޸ûдžսľ飬Ҫ˵ģܱʮս۶С
Ҫ϶֣Ǿٹ֮սʱǰߵļܣεķ֣мûڴžսġ
ϣĵı֣˼ˡҲʱԺãǲһ·ǰߡ
ϣһǰߣһչ¶²Żڵһ·
ƾ˵ľ²ŻšգΪһ֧˧ͨһιģϰĴսܣһҡ
һʵĹ٣Ϊ߼ͳ˧ϣһǧĵһν档
ʮдžսְͳ˧ᳬʮаģսģᳬϣ֮һҲԵһ
˵ΪһСɵɱϣġǾи߼½Уֵġ
ϣ֪û⣬սʤҲˡ
սʤ
ۺ鱨ϣίʵûжٵ
Ķ֣թ˵ߡ
ڲʱ࣬࣬ΪɷߵΪ
һĸ߹١Ǳƶһ޶һġ߸
սڸߵȴ¡
ʮÿһ׮شģʷĴ£ٵнϵӰ
˷ʷһ֣ᷢһʱڣʮҪӰ֮һ
Ҳû֮һ
ȻսΪûжٸϵ
ϣһҲжǿжĵǡߵĽթˡĵǡս

ٺϣϢһֱŭϲ붫޺޼зеı״𺣣ԭС񺣡
ٺϣܶബֻƵڽʻ
ٴֻصʣռĹ齵ĸѹεսʣƵĴӸͨ䷵
СǧĴֻһӣ򱱷ʻ
ĪҪ˵ϱߵôĴӣŷһ˼άģҲܿĺʡ
ţܱʮ˳ԵģÿһĶһӴޱȵ֡
ڣԼŵĺڲţѾΪ˲ġ
Ĵ򣬳衣
ȻǾ裬ҲܲסͻȻϮ
һת۵Ĺ򣬽ڴϿգרŸӵڣܿ췢ִڵٱƽڷХ٣СĵϮ
ϣ򴬶ӵۣȻһ񻯸֣ȻХӴһܷ죬һҪϮĵڴ֮⡣
ž⻪ҫУˡ
ಣˢˢ
֮УǱıϮĸֺһ׹ںӹȱϡ
۾ŭһۿȥʱëը
һɫˣ赭дתնɱڡڣȻһ㷴ضûУؿֲģոı
ѣŭǰȥ
˶ɫıתۺաƾճֵһֲ磬ٲȻ͵ض÷顣
һֺĽתۺɨ¡¡ĽѺӹȣһֱϿٺӷ·Ϊˮ
赭дýһ㣬һƥڿڷ⣬һһƣֲ
Ǳı˶ݵļбƵϴ꣬㣡
˵ģĮĿ¶һɱ⣬ָһؼ·˽ɫɳ
©֮ɳ


624 ѣѣ
ܶܶǰδз硣
ೢһ˻ʼԴӶչͷΪ޲÷Ϊ̫ңһ˻졣
ڵһ˻ϣˡȨ¾ԸΪ˻ʣǷΪҸʺϡ
һҵͳºãǷΪҺãìܵķ磬컹û֪𰸣Ҳû˸Ҷԡ
ʱգɷϣսǧʮ˻ʣûи̫չҲûմ̫õ
ǡǡ෴ٹʱһǧչҲõʱ
ûСҪ븻·˵ٵɽΪҪʩ
ĵĶ޸ѹٵ֩һܼƽǷմôͼʼˡ
սЩܼĹٵҲ˺ܴĺô
죬ϣ
һվ·ߵһʯͷϣһ߻һߴ󺰣ϣٸ·һܺˡ˵Ǻд񻯸֡
սʱû˻ʵİ񻯸ַɢʹáԣСɵĺ䲿ӣǵò۱ģǻһ
ԻקŴĳӣŴʳȸʡ
Щʣͳͳвһռѹεģбˣɸͽ½ǰߡ
ʲô˷еĺڵ㡣
һۿһ۷ֱƤһ£󺰣ߣǱƵ񻯸֣
δ䣬ϰȾܡǣڲɱЩɱ𣬾Բ⡣︨Ѷһתˡ
ⲻӱû˻ôȱۣôäĿҪͨʿ񻯸ΪУʵ෴Ǳģܱ񻯸ֺðɡ
һĹǲ̫Ϊ׵񻯸ִ֣˵ء
̫˽ƵؿЩɢһصʳϣˡ
һֱϮоڣѵоڷתΪԼʣǺܱİ취
ǰʳôС񻯸ֿĶϮڣһ򾡷ȥ
Ȼ󣬸Ļǵ뷽跨оڣҲһߴĻǵıԼĺʣ˷
֮ҶŻڣҶѷоˡ
˰ɡһڿЦȡ͡
̫䣬ʳһ𣬵ȼͰʳյˡ
ʶӣϮڴӣʧʮʯһʯٽҲǧʡսһ۱ش
ҫʶӣϮ½غڣʧʯ
̫ʶӣϮ½غڣʧǧʯ
̶̰£ĺʧʮʯʳȸɫе򲿡
ڻѪ
ÿһϢ٣һζԺش
ϣɫأĩˣû𱸺ھ٣̾˿̫ˡ
ƵĺߣֻһߣȴǸߴ
ڱϺʹܣעĺ֢

Ҫ󹥻ĺߡ
ϣҲҪ󹥻ƾĺߡ
ߵĳ̣Ķ٣ѹĴСֱӶⳡ๥ߵʤܲشӰ졣
һڴսУƻ㲻֮ء
޵ս˼룬ѾǿϺ½յսģʽˡ
䣬ʵҲǿϺ½յģʽ
һ۳䵱䣬ٶֵʣһǰٶȣҪǿࡣ
ߣںٶȣʵִֻҲ˿
һǿߣһɷ֣һקһһǧǰһ֣һʣһһһǧʣһǰ
½Чʺٶ˺ͺҪһЩ졣
½Ĺģ󣬺˺ͺ˴֮˹ģעСġ
ǣʤ˺ٻں϶̫˼ڸ߶оԵ;ԵϺߡ
Ļ˵ǿҲҴδζһ˴Żᣬ߰˸ۣδؾҪ˰
ϮսһֱڳġǰߵĦսҲһֱڻһĵشУƵСģķ
ҲãϣҲã̫ͣ򣬻ʿġ
һź͵ʱ͵ڰ˾ϡ
ߵ˼Ҳףڴսǰʮǰȥһ򣬻ĥһ¡ʵҲôɵġ
սĺŽ˶оսҪˡ
ԸϣΪףۼ߼ޣıƴоƴƶսƻ
ҲҪ󣬷ǴƷϵĽ٣ޣıһо飬ƶսƻ
ģ̫ˣս̫ˣ˫ܼİڻǧսϡϣĺ߾ڴսҲԲ㵽
ϵǣߺٲоսоС
ˣܿҪˡ̧ͷһѾѩˡݱ鱨һʮһҲѩ
ѩ죬սӰ󲻴󣿡ʡ
ȡһսڣһ£ҡͷһвѩǺܴ󡣾ֶߣѩսӰ첻󡣡
ȥ᲻ϿоĺڣߣӺڴԷ
ҡͷ䷽ʽ̫ˣϲġ
ɳ̣ãҡͷģ̫Ϯսսû壬޷Ӱ֡
ȥȻҶʮڻ£ܽضһ·о·
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ܶԷû취ˡʾһķԣôģսۣݲ̫ıƵġ
ٺõսֹģսУҲ𲻵Եá
ߴڽһɫǹŴڴžսĽ졣ãϵսҪʱ䣬ɼս
˳ĬˣҡͷҪսһʼͲôɶžƵģӦ˶ս
ûʮ죬Ϥ޵սģʽ
ѾϤսİĩ̾ѣѣѣ
ڶڣɼսǲʵֵģ

ߵսƫüս
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ڹȥʮУֻսսսۣƽƹ֮սԼսۡ
רоߵĲıԼڸϣʾ£վ٩٩̸
ֻƹ֮սĿˣȥ˹磬߱ԡ֮ս֮սƲ⣬ƺΪƫüս̫ϲս
ӹȥսսϣƺ̫ϲˮϲüƣƺƫþԵľܶ֡
ڽͷ⼸˿˸ϣһֲۣͳս磬ƽص磬һ£жȡʲôսս
սһѡ
ڽɧսֹģĶУԲܴȫս
ϣĹŵģЦ⣬ָ鰸ûλĪҪ͹ߡ־緢ȴģҲ˶⡣
Ҫ˵һ븽˵һ仰
ϣɫ΢࣬ʾڽо̫£߳ȥ
һߵĻ˸ֶһᣬϣģ
ܰɱߣ
ػӣһЦЦɭɭ


625 ϼѪսŽ
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һˡ
ǧսһطˣӭͣһ̾Ϣ
ƺһսѳΪҫ۵Ľ㣬׷׸һȺÿһϢÿһתÿһ仯
ǾްȨһսҲӰһͳһս
µһ̣עΪҪĽ̽ڵ㣬עΪδת۵㡣
ߺͱƣûʸûΪһͳ֮սĽߣߡܾܲѻ˻ʣܲܳΪ˻ʵġ
սʱ򣬱ؽδţ⿪Ծ֡
ϲ˻ʵģϲ˻ʵģ˶ȲĵȴһսĽ
ֹһˡ˷ȻԹû˷ǵʱ䡣
Ǿǣôˣ˫ڻ˼ѵɵۡ˵ȵĽڲԵĪǻΪ۾ܵء
Ҳ˵ȵķңҿߺ͸ϣ̰
пգֲͷǼ֮ɡ
糱̲סЩ°׳յ̵ۣ£Ķôס˶ţΪ˵ܴ򰡣
˳ԵģҪȥҪ˵̣ǹҲδ˳һͷ⼸ջ˵ü򵥡
⼸ˣܿͲȺ֮ϵǣ㲻Ǹ˭챻ˣָʲôĪǣǻͶЧƣ
⼸ǳ鴤ѿǺǡǡǱ˵˼
ɲɫһ·̲ûҲˡû⣬ܿͻ군
һֱʹΪУͶ˭УΨǲͶɡ
޷ҲĴͶ˼ҪʱֻܹϵķƯͶ߻ơ
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ϣĽϸĲ飬֤ʵ
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ԽӪǿ鱨Щأߣ˭˽սǾһǴɡ
ϣ»ˣָڽ۽·ǳ棬쳣ȻλһǿȻ־£δͳսľ飬λǧҪ֮ġָӡ
ߣϣĲԾϻۣϳ죬ʱп֮٣ȴӲԴ󡣡
ƾһ֮練ƵİŪתľУȴÿһζɹѣɱ
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λϣһʵ彫ʾڽ£صƵ۶ߵƳϡȻ⣬ϸʵǱȻ
ڽȻϣİݹ۱ƾٹҵĳڶ߸ʺλõˡ
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ϣһĨοЦܿʧλǵ£ڸ涼ɫˡλĪҪΪ˵Ц
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ڽڵ޲Ȼ˧᲻̫Ƴˣ
ϣĵĿЦЩӣһֱоߡоԽ࣬ԽëȻߺܻԾôĻỳɣǲĴڡ
ʵߴӳΪԼֳɾʵ̫ˡ
ߵĳɾͺ;УֹһһԤУҲ߻Ϊսһ񣬵һʥˡ
֪λֵƳ磬ҲеëȻ
ϣİ·ڵλսؽδݲһ˿⡣
ǲһϸģɫľ½죬ҪҪǣǱɫʺϵľͳ˧
ϣѹˣҪסҲҪһЩʵߴӳںһЩʲôΪУһЩʲô
豦̸磬ɵۣᣬϬ磬Ƶۣ˲꣬ǧܵȵȣһɫǾ
Щ˾ΪΪѣûԿÿÿȫˣһͷҲܳɾˡ
ʸƾһ֮ǣ޷ƱǨʱֱõˣҲֻô񣬹˲񽫣ɵۡ
һߣ
ڽߵĸ˵˺֣ܶȻһѻȸһֺӷθ
Ҳǧɫأ޷ƵǸΨһ

ս·š
ץˢӣĵĸϲսϴϴˢˢȡóɼͶƥսһֱ
꽥һ·ǨΪ¼٣Ȼм٣ǿﵽƷְ󣬾ҲȥˡսҲȥ
սϵÿҪϲսˣհǱʶҲսĻԻ͡
Ҳ֪Һܸм˧Ǵ˧ΣҲһӶֻܴﵽλˣͳ춼
һˢһ˵ΪһΪ̫ɫŮˣҪھǨҪŬ
ҲΪھӵŬŮӱ˻Ҫ̲ΣҲϸġύսƻ飬ԼĵĲʳսΪΪ߿صĽ֮һõǨá
˵˧ңңһΪ˧Ч
ɿ죬Զ
ս۹ɳУϵĶַ߹񣺡˧˧ټһʱڣִ˧
ǣȻȥһڹ
Ƕ·˧а˰˵ƾԼٶȣһʱ϶˴˧ڴŷУǾͲһˡ
ܿٴ˧ոеԾ½ִ˧ģֹкܶϤģϤĸ߼졣
һɫǶʱĶ˧͸˧
ĪǡյķԾеһƤ
ʮŵʮ˧ʮ˧ͳͳˣ˧
Ⱥһᣬ˧лԨsţĿɨ׵ڽ˶ˣܺá
˧ͳڽ
ڽԴĶҪˣ߬һѺ
ɽǰĳУ˧˧ǰϣ
ڽѪȼգȻӦŵǣ
սսŽǣˡ


626 ֮ս
شսۺ󳷰γɵġ
ǧʿƾһشɱ
һѪϣЦһɱ
սϣǹɨǧǹʮķǵϣΪղһ㣬ǶƤ
һȣǧ½ʿͬһɱ
Ȼһ쳹Ӻһֲ򣬹ͳʱ˱
Ҳãǣһ˻ȥЦս˻شӪ
һߵˮˢϵѪߣһʵʹ죬ôͺȻ˱ˡ
࣬˧ǰȫᣬΥߣá
˧ȫᣬǰɼᣡ
ӦɵݱţҲɶٶȣͳ죬Լ
ȫ᣿ϱˣе֣ǰ
Ĳ£ϹսϱһЩʡεǰ󺰣ϽϽʰԸıװ
ⶼҪˣʲôһϱϳͲ
£㡣ѵ⣬ϱôкǿսʱǾһ첻µزµģ
ᣬŴǣϽΪʲôҪ᣿
죬Ƕ˧˧֮ǰȥ˴˧ҹơû˵꣬۾ɴˡ
ĪҪдģжˣĳȣĶڳˣȻеǻɰͰ͵ġ
ҹƣҪˡ
ǳأ˵ϣʮǰɬ˼Ʒ˪ͳ죬Ҳ˼ַϣ˧Ҫڰǰϡ
ǼѧԨԴԵʣǳĻ࣬ᣬ򣬺к°ʰԵװС
սǳ󺰣սιˡ
һ߽ǳһ㱣˶ǰ£ɻһЦ
ãߵĲ¡ʱΪıȡ;Ǩߣһ㱻ʽȱһ٣һᡣ룬ǳʧ
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⣬Ҳ벻ǣ˾ߣȻʮﴳν£ӳΪ߸ϵĴͳ˧
ĻĻǳһЦܰ

һ´ǧĽʿñʰװڸؼһһɵľӡ
ӰٻۼȻʮٻΪһΪһ򼯽Ϊһ·
··Ϊһš
˵һļᣬѾһĹģȻһһ·ļᣬǾͶ˵ޱȡ
ոǧɸԵפ˷һһ£γ·Ϊλ󼯽ᡣ
տһļᡣǲҲڼУĳգֺޱȡ
ĹģҲΪֺƴ
ǧ˷۶ΪһȻΪλֱۼΪһ·
֮Ӵ𺳲ѣȻޱ߼ʡʮ򣬶ʮ޾Ųæıۡ
ּʱзӯ졣
ʮ㣬𶯴أʮϰһһ
һҲԼܸоõ΢΢ģļ
ƾŵĴģᣬҲʵϹˣ䵱߿ܹûϹ
ƾŵȫ漯ᣬų׽
ϣȡֳ鱨ͷһҲչһľµϷͻϮ
ΪеĵǣƾŵĴģᣬǴٽס
ҲûָͳͳϹۣôģļᶼľȫǹۡ
챱ƾŵĶɹ
ڼᣬӪҲǨơռһ»ĳУǨơ
ߴӣʱںͱƳ͢ؾӡδİ굱УҲûжԶ·
һӪλþбҪһĵˡ
һһָͼսȣǧʵûô󡣡ǧκκǶ޺ͱ޼зе𺣡
κûбԣҲǳ¡κĵǱխϿսĺȣϵĻͻСԼǧ
ƾҪڿߵһǧս϶ţκһûپ
ڵһᵣĵоôķȱаƾ·ʵϣھǶȻᷢģȻǾͲǰ·Ͳš
ҵ˼ǣ»ս···ָŵͼһǧսߣΪս
̩ƽһսȣ
֮ãͶսиоЦЦûӹ̩ƽƾսսԻŸϣҲô޴ľ
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ߵһЦҫʾ⣺ۣ񻯸֡
תͷһЦս֮䣬ϢսڣͨϢۣΪսԻӪ
ϳզ಻ѣսϢǳݳ޵Ĵֱʰ

ƾȫ漯ᣬ򻺳شƽʮڵɹ
֪ߺܿͻᷢģϣĲҴ⣬ɼᡣˣڱ¼ᣬڵᡣ
賿ʱ֣ս˰
ʮŵĶ˧͸˧ȻҹƼפڵһߵĴӪ
ӪƻԻ͡
ŷ۾ŹǷУڽվȻ񣺡μ˧
賿Ӱ࣬ᰡ߰ڰ֣ǷһһϽ衣һ๾ĺȸɣһ㡣
ʾⲻɵͳͳȥžһЩϣˡ
սҰսռ˱ķ֮оͽ㼯ս˵֮սԲΪǱʷֱˡ
Ƶѹϼг룬һսܣʲôͼҵҲһΪˮ¡
ϯ֮ٸع䣬նԭĹ̩ƽĽϳ߸ߡ
Уսͳ˧ϳ͹̩ƽǸ˧ռéӵ֡
ʱʮţܼʮ˧ʮ˧ɫĸ߼죬ˡ
ҪıҲù˲ƤʲôģߺȻһͷ뷨
Ҳһ룬ʱ˵ߺͱƾһϵƣΣ˵˵ƵùҲ͸ŵù
ڽסϢһ£쳣λ˧ʲôش£ⲻ֪˼пգֱ¥ˡ
ˣȻɫĺȸһȲ裬ܾ
΢߳ع䣬ն
ĩڣλֱߵعնһ񣬼æС
ޱ飬Ŀɨˣڶϣع䣬ͳϽ·ս
նͳϽ·ս


627 ңȫ߹
Ȼǽϳ͹̩ƽڽɫŹ֡
ɫ䣺⸱˧ͳϽ·ս̩ƽĬȻһԡ
ۣۣ··ɰڣ֤ÿһ·һڡ
һսһڵİ˴ڣӦһˡοȶ·ʱܳԮ
ҫü·Ϳˡߵɫͷã
ڰˣھţʮŹ붫·սģ壬ߣŹ·ս
ڽɫ΢䣺˧һ·Ϳˣ
ֻܼʮţ߾Ȼսɳ˰˸·ֻһ͵ڶţҲʵ̫ðˡ
û˸һİλãע߸ġ
߼߸߾ǵϵʮ߾һɫǴӰ˸ľͽսǹƵİ˸һһŵķ߾Ī
ڶţʽͳϽǴӸɫ齨ɣȫ֮һ
ҡͷȻް
ڽȻźȻ˧ϰǿս˭ҪΪ·սֻţбˣǾʹشˡ
̧ͷɳ̣
̧źܴɳ̽Сİڷ׵¡
߹ȡһɫĩɳսķΧսķΧλսʱҲ̫ǣⱻ˿ӡ
ɳ֣·ϴ󣬲˵ɽأȴԲ̫ʺϴģ档·սϱƽƲŽƽ
·ĵƽΪƽȻΪʺų棬ɸ·ĵʮžһš
սǧսߣϱսǰӴ
սΧڣԼжʮСǳأǧ䡣ս𣬲ٰնˣˣҲʣ´ԼٶգڶսӰ첻
̧ͷĿλˡҵĿǣսĿģ뾡ѩǰɡ
ˣһǷˡڽɫ˲ͱˣʱʮ³ˣõ鱨Ʋ⣬Լʮһ¾ͻѩ
Ҳ˵˧ҪʮʮڣҪ
ߵսʱڽתǶʮǶʮͷֻҲҪɱʮ°ɡ
ڽ룬ƺһҲģɨˣǿλ𾪵飬ָ˼֣оȴ
ƽ͵···ΪҲʣֻҪ·ָо跨оսߡ
ţϣһͳ˧δػмơ߳ϸϣĵȻоսߣ޷ʹоɢǱ㾡ѹоĺռ䡣
̧ͷĮסлϣѵо󵽶ϣߣѺսѹ߰ڣҼǴ󹦣
ڽĬһᣬͦӦŵĩ
λʲôʣ˵ɫͼ֡
ڽ̫ܵˣǸҲʳǾͲ˵ˡ
ϳᣬ˵һµ⣺˧Դսʲôսս
죺ûսûսԡֻһսĿ꣬Ǿѩǰ
ھԵʵǰеĵֿǡûģ
ߵ΢ЦȻڽе﷢ëû֪ΪλΪоԵʵ
Ҳ޷ֿľʵǻʲô
߿ָħһĽ죺ʷǰĴսڼλ׼û
ڽȥֻһѪҪȼշǿش˧ĩѾ׼ˣ
΢ЦܺáôʹʼӭǧģģسʷʫսڽǺ
˧·ʱ֡ȫ߽
ڽŭӪʶƷˣǣĩ

ȫ߹
·عĿŭнʿ
ǵصĶ·ʿڷʱ֣һսϡƾᣬǰƽʮҲڼǰƽʮ
ƾڶʮĻشˣսϣƲܼʮֱսϵʮƽ
ʮ㣬ͳͳƫ·ࡣعͼ湥УбӶսߡ
չȫ߹
·侲նȡƵս򲽱ʮ㡣ߵ·Ӫʮŵʱ׼
սʮڵһߣչһѪɱ
·ȫ߹ʮ򲽱Уǳĺǰ
µһǧزƽǰģѪڵĺǰǰǰ
׼ϣŭڶߺߣƳ˶ǧͶʯ
ߵǳһһתۣǰߵıǣڳʮϣɵƳͶʯʹ
һֵĶԺ䣬ٽľʯͶ
ͬˮһʿǰսСҲһת۵Ĺ˫ͱƽǧ
ƽʿŻƴǰƽԼܿչ˻䡣
ս߷ûüӴս˫սѾˡ
Ŀĵߺëֱըһ̲סҪɨ˭֪񻯸֣Ǿͷַӻ񻯸ֵսɵĲʿ
ҰսеĹսʵʹ࣬Ҳѣġǡǡ෴ǳعսɵġ
Ͷʯʹսߣǧµ̣ҰսἫΪҵĹؼˣûоϣˡ
һ䲻õ±ǵһξֲҵĹսǰˣһĹл߱ɱ߱ʯɱ
±ȶˣߣҲۿһսѱԴ䱬ͬʱ˿ӣ
ǳæµԼĲУصάս󲻱䣬һ±ƨϣŭ𣺡쵰ϣ
һϤҺǳȻͷһսϲ£ȻһͿףҲ䴩嶼ء
ǳ۾ˣǰߵᲽͻҲӭԼǵصļꡣĶٲ£棬ϳ棡
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ףס
·ϣͻᲽʬ߱߱˴⬣ôѪƬϡûҺ֣Ⱦңң
ʱû˻ȥǣ̧̧־ܡǳȴֻӲĳǳоķߣ
죬һһеķϵоķϣһЮŭɨѷԲڵĵоϤɱ
ͷһһǧ£ٲȻֻʣˡ̶̵ĳ·ϣ͵˽ӽһ롣
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ߣܼƳʮչȫ߹ȴֻʮʿܻųĵһϣ
ˣ˶̶̰ǧ׵ĳ·ϡ
գսǧսϣʮϣʬҰ
ƽʿս൱ɹۡĮĸһƺûһ˿һ΢΢ס
Ȼ˻غ󷽣ס飬ȡͭ
ʱʶһʲôǡˣ


628 
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һ۴Ÿϣչս·սһȡߵĸ˧·
ߵսȫûϣôǿ岻󣬵ƽ˱ƾս
սûǻûսϣľûκսսԵĺۼƾǳͷβǿ
˹ģĴս϶ݲƫƳνıơ
һǧһǰΰľ¼֮һɡʥޱԹ׿˵ԣҾԲ뿿ʲôıԸÿһսԶ٣ǿ
λɡʥקһ֧Ĵɾɨ޵֡ǰѴµСǿдϵȴĽ͵λ䱻Ƴǣսۣʤ࣬Թѵڡ
Ϊͳ죬˶ϣԶ٣ǿʲôıơ
ڱƾȫ߹ı£ϣĿսۼⲻ֡˹ģĴսУκս𵽾Ե塣
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ϣɻ󣬶۵ȥ
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϶ҲƳߵսԼۺһߵľΪû¼ٵľ
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۵ı£˼ͲıǰߡսطߣԼǧ⣬ƾռĵһߡ
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֮ǰǱƾƣǰҰսߡֹƣֻһߡһ˵ƾǰͳ˧Ҳȷսɡ
սһת۵㣬߶Աȫսʮ˸ϣġŸı̬ȫߺ󳷣תߡ
޵Ұսᣬҵģҳ̶ֱ׷ĳǳعս
ϣӹתأһΪĲԣֻҪƾǿʱս
޵սģʽҰսܶ½춼ɹģϰĴսΪģһﵽĳ̶ȣٺõսҲԵá
սģһϰǾսԶţƴǹͱԼ߶ʤؾ˫˧ĿƷΧˡûκһͳ˧ϲʤԼĸо
ڣƾҪôȥݱƴ
ҪôǿƾǿߣķȣƾʮҪǣǿҲԲܴս
ⲻǼ˹ģҲǼʮ˹ģǼģһʮƽսУҪпȣҪ
սԴսµĵطƾսҲȫûʩչĻռ䡣
Ұս̫ң̫ˣǽʿȥ
гֵȫˣһߣĥƾӴˣҲܿսۺ󣬸ϣĹתǶôƯһС
ҪôƴҪôҪô
ϣһ飬üĪǡ붯񻯸

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ĿɨӣعҧгݲһԣҲ֪ĬЩ˵ǶЩĽеŭ
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ع仺ǧࡣ
ֻʣ·սǲǳ̶ֳܲȵս𣿡߿ƽعȴ׽һ˿
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ۣҡҡͷ·ǧ·սһǧʣ·ģ϶⡣
ع䣬ôʲôĪ㻹Ҫսָ
ҰѶ·㣬Ƕ·˧󣬾Σս
عһǿɬĵϥĩˣ˼άΪҪߵҪһ˿İ죬ȴǶ·˧ְֵ߲ĲսҪñͨ
֪ͺáߵͷȥնôģ⸱˧ôġٷƵĴһ᳷㡣
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һЦ⣬ع˰죬ڵ˧ôʧ̫ǲ񻯸ֹ᣿
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ôǿĺܴ°ͣѲ·ҲҪȷһ£۲һ±ƾսս־
Ҫô񻯸ֹᣬ򹥼ս޷ġȻ̫ˣҲһЩҲ̶õ顣
һ·˼·
Ȼ˻غһ㣬һܴܿĿյءпͭųս飡
һսת۳ڿյϣһӾͰΪĵشһ롣Ȼһʮս֡һʮһʮ
С۵ͳͳֱˣԵĴ͵СûʶˣҲĺôսƼһǵǶô׳ۡ
ĪҪ˵Եģʮһ飬ҲëȻء
һ߸һ߷ųս飬һָ塭˾ʮ
һգ۵Ĺʮս飬£һս飬ƺƵسڰС۵Ƥ¡
Сۻཻһɫĸһת۾һˣ᲻иࣿ
һֱڣսأĿãҲû֪ȫò纣Ĺ£׽ͼǧܵȣҲ֪
ǰڹ磬ÿθųս飬ҲܿڴҶ֪ܣҲ̽
ߵһΣȻ˵Ƥͷս飬ս
СĿãĵ׾κˣڱ쫷һɣսԣ̫ˡ
˻ع̾Ͳһս飿
ȻһڻءôؾڻҡߺٺٻЦλ壬ûк𺳵ĸо
겻һԣС۰Ȼһۣ̫ˣһھɱ⣡
ҵ̫ǿģ㡭ٺ٣Ʋ죬һսǾˡ
ߵ۷ս飬Сۻ治Ƕ֣΢ΣСӣͻ˵˵
ߵعЦ֪ϪĶСۺ֮ʼһЩΣûô˵ǻָһЩ
첻һ֨йؼ̫Ķ֣
ʼ磺ڻս̫ǿģǾͲڻˡ
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СۿЦãȴҲͷϡڵߣۣʤۡ
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յ˦һƯָһʮս飬ȻϢĳ֡
Цһ򲻹Ǿһ򣡡
ƾƣûо
СĿࡣ
ǷˣǾ߷ˡҪȻսˡ


629 ս飬ޱ޼ʵս
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·սΪǰߴӪֻһһ·ţܼ֧ӣȻսжڻٵġԶ綫ս࣬ҲʵεΪۡ
·ʮֲڴԼɸϣγ̫ı󷽺ǿҲǿ顣
˭սսԻԣ·ҪһٴΡ˵ʵڻսսͶŻǹͷ۵ģǵġ
һĵطĺڸػصæµΪǰ߽ʿ׼ʡ
ҲдǰģЩǿ˵ĽʿӪзҽʦս飬ҩʦˡ
ʿ䣬ˣ͵˱Ӫ˵һ̲ô򰡣㿴ǲŶٻ
ǣǸ˧һСһϱקģѪգǿɲ˵˵Ǵ˧϶µһ
ϱгĴָײ۽ޣ֪һţΪõˣҲѹֻ⣺Ҫ˵̡ҿǴ˧ǲô
һսû˵˧ʲôϱֱؿź󷽣еĻں˵ˡ
Ժ󷽵һ˵սء
ϱҲ֪ھ׽ʲôȻһӾͲˡһʿҲȻһӾͽֱˡ
˲ʲôͷһۿȥʱͷƤըһͱŵӣ
ö࣬öս飡
ɽҰս飬ڴӺ󷽣ٵĿʮ򣿲һء
Щս̫࣬ˣһɲǾһʣޱ޼ʡ
Ŵ𺧣ɫ˲Ұף˼άˡ
սٴӺ󷽿£ƽ⼸ˣԼĺڸ׵Ĵͣ𺳵ÿˮҵؿš
ڸҲã˱Ҳã˵еϱȱܵķӦϱķץסԼıЪ˹ķ𣺡С
ϮϮ֣ûͱѹȥˡ
һȻԵõ֣Ϣѹס˵һƷϽ˧ܴһƷϽģϷֻ
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Ϸͳ˧߸󶼶ָʹָ֪ͬߡ
һ˼άݵϱһգ۾ôְͷһӳԾѡǰɣλ˧Ȼôְ
⻹ְƵۼӷģ󽫾߰ĸͷǾĻࡣ
߻ȻҪţǱ˧ս
ʿǶʱ˸߲ҵĻʤʤʤ
ʾսͨ˳Ѳһ˱Ӫһ¡żսǰ
սһ·ǰǴһĺ󷽵شȥͻ˰ʱ
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ϱͬ

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ͳ˧Ʀһ̶ܴϣΪϳ·ͳ˧Ӿнѳ
˵սͳ˧ع˵ܣҲоȥԸ·սָͳսԣսԷ룬ͳ˧ΨһҪġ
ְܼƼųü߾ǳ˸ǰ˸սǿġһǿ߾ҲСġ
Ҳܲסô
ϳߣҲ벻취ǣ񻯸֣ߡս˶৵ʽƤСĿȥ
ʽƤСĻ࿴һۣСҪԣȻӪߺһըˡ
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ڽûʶһҲĴûпôս顣
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ΪһؾƲ죺ʱʱȫ߽ҪЩսʧ
죬ƺЦЩһս飬Ʒ
תϳͳͳԼ񾭳ˣ
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ս˵𾪣߲ǵһΣҲһοжô𾪣жôɵۣ߶˾ռˣ̩Ȼ֮
°룬ߵȻһѧʿЩսڸס
ʱǿ
Цϣһ⾪ϲ

ߣƾӪУȻɽХĻ
ϣ߳ɫأǷʲôˣ
ʱö֪һıҡͷζһЩʣ
ϣʾһ۷һȴֶı·һɫŨҵԸڱҵ
֣ⷢøϣüͷԸǰ߽ʿͽ죬Сߵս
ػӪʣϣĶɳ̣ɳʵķӦսµı仯𻶺ʼһЩ˵ĲС
һᣬϣֻһıǰĻ·ԡߣ·һʹӾšԸϵĽ죬ʱ䵱Ԥۣʱ֧Ԯڶߡ
һϣİϸĴɳ۲ս±仯
һʱսǻ೭Ϯս̫Ϣݲ㣬бҪսǿԺԡ
ϰ͵˦ƹһ·սǸϣ֣··һ㲻̫ԡ
κΣϣһӣۺпȺȡΣҲ벻ʲô취ƾ֡
ûսԣûս
ϣ֪仰;²Ż˵³ʲôϧ鱨Ȼ籱ãԲ̫
ߵսԾս˼ʲôϣҡͷڸʲô
ߵľս˼룬ʵ߶Ũڡûսԣûս仰
δ䣬ǰһĺ
ɱɱɱɱ졣
ϣüͣ¶ˣյĺƻͱʡһǡֻɱӵѾ
ɿתëʣһŵī֭Ҳ˿û
飡ǰ߹սһ˧һıײײسѪɫ˻𣺡˧ˣ
ϣһôˣ
˷·סӣҪ͸ָǰߣƴ˻𣺡սս֪ǱסˣΣ˾Ȼֻ˵仰ˡ
ϣĵȻһǵ߳ȥǰߡۣһͿԽʮǰߡ
ϣʧ̬Ŵ죬סӣ͸


630 ƵУŭ
ʱ֣յգɢЩ⡣
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ϳ̩ƽģϯ֮ȴ߼죬ӵ߳Ӫǰһ
ЦЦԳɣǷ񼯽ϣ
ҲѼϣԳһԹ
ۣǳǳôȫ߽
Գɲ򱼳ۣԼʮս齫棺ң㣬
гһսߣԵһЩġ
Գɲ񱼣ս𣺡ǣ棡
죬ͳϽһǰƽһʮǰƽȻٳ档
һս飬ʵСҲ˵ŵǾԾ˵
·սΪԼս̫ıо󣬽֮ΪʮΣҲҪʮ㡣
һʮ˵Ǳܣʵ̫׵ΪһսСȵûУֻ档
ˣոⳡҲ׳ޱȡ
ʮսģη򷢶档ûнŲȴһģģѹֵζ
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Ҫһءһս飬սʵ̫ˣֱӾս
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һȺս齫ȥʹӾʿˢˢͻཻɱ߰˸ս飬ȴڱһսסܼս˺Ƭ
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ڰչ۲һֹ鱨ģҲ졣
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߱˵Эͬս¶Ҷû顣ȽսϤһ£ٿЭͬս
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ڽƤĻ࿴һۣоԭ뷨˧սһףսˮƽ;ƺҲ


ҽһնƻһֻۡļ±սΧţƾѹˡ
ҲүģѣǰȥĿɱЩս顣
ҪϢѵĲ۾ֱؿǰˣ
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սˣ˰ףף
ʸٻ̧ͷж˻ţ֨
ңҡҲأ
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־̫ˡ˺ܿҲɫ䣬ϣ񣬽ʾ֭˼ȻǰһȻɫ䣺ãƣս
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ѹ󣬾ͺƣһսƣǾζᱻķŴࡣ
ϣɱϣߵԤۣԮ
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ĲһôŵսϣȻ϶˷ͷļ
鲢֪ʲôƣսֲ֪ϵսò¶еޱȵѹ
һɣսһľУһδεѹޡһҲչʱ򣬶ǣ㹻սܰǳѹ
ۣ۰
㱣Ҳûע⣬Լֻʣ±սʧˡӺѹԮҲûע⵽
۰
ߣ룬һǺöȻΪʲôҪôսɱࣿ
޺޵룬㲻Ǹߺսһģɱġ
㱵ţ֪ѹѹսΧ룡
սǰ߾ѹѹģӿŭһȫѹϡ
ķߣ϶ı򿪶ȱڣսһӿߣ߾žɱߣ
ڶߣ
ϣޱ飺ԮӽӦڶϵĽʿߣ
ɾԮߡ
ĵߣ
ϣޱ飬ҲڱϷ


631 ս
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ů󣬸ϣΪ׵ڽȴֻеĵ׵ĺ⡣
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Ϊ߹ռ˵ڶߣͻʱһжϣܿͱƷ߽ս
սֱһŭһֲľ档
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ʵ۵־ֻǧȴơʹɵ齨һ
۵ǿ޾ĵˣһĳ棬ƺԶɱ꣬Զɱµĵоκ˵ʿ־ᱻһĴݻ١
ϣİԴƣҲʵ벻һƽĲԣ˭벻
ߵĲԣ򵥵ģֱƾԵʵǿݻٵоǡǡӡ֤һϻ򵥵ģûġ
ǿǺܺġǲսһϵǿϮǾʵ̫ˣǴݻս־ʿķ
ڶߣͶʮսĵһ棬ֻǧս𣬾ȫ˵һʮս
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ƼŲ񱼻ϲʤյĻ㱨ƽͷһθоҵҰսսȻܴôɡ
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սȳһѣȻ߾ŸռءֽĴ򷨣ϵĽʿ಻ԡ
ϳ۾һǷսǰƣ
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üͷ޷ж۵١鱨Ʋ⣬۷ΪɻһЯռ챦һɵƣ˺½˵ĺߡ
ʣһɣӦռ˰ΪսԻ
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߶걱ϣģĲӪȶˣ˳ˡ
λضˡϣˣ׼ɨβˡ


633 ս
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ƾͰĽûһһġˣƾĿǰֻһͳϽš
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ʹӾǿģǶȹֻҪʹӾùϵʱʱ뱾ڵռأܳΪԴء
߸ǺƽԹɹģǱ߸Դ̫٣ѡֱļ뱱߾Թɹԭ־Ҳ൱߸ʹӾˡ
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ŤЦݣָ磬ϳƺ˵Ǹעһ㡱Ҳ·˵һξֵǡ
תͷ赭дǲɱģͳͳվ
·սĽ죬޲ɫɷףѪɫһһƷĸ˧˵ɱҲɱˣοǡ
ƣƺɱ⡣ĬĬվȻ½Ĭվ½ʮϵĶ·վ
ɫĮһۣһΪ
Įؿ·ͷԣûվˣɱѣΪ˧ͳеϵûУ˧ָжȥս
Ľѵö·ɱȴûվĽ죬޲ɫҡ
߷ߣʣһ仰סǻ
վģƷͳͳһûվģͳͳְ񣬸ʮޣؼȥϡ

ʴȥˡ
·ɫ࣬ǰһ仰߰ϵĽҪˡ
˵ȴҲǸɱѣ߲ǳе𣬹ؼǣվûУƾʲôָȥս
ƵվĽ죬޲Ȼ죬ӹһ١
ҲգƣǺ²ѡڵһ±䶯εģƾϽսƻߵ϶˧λõġ
·ĶתҲ͸ŷˣеĺ£еǽû룬еȴҡ
ߺ󲻾ãʮӰϷٷٲȻǸϣĵҪ죬ڴڵı١
ϣǰһڣЩǻԹȥ
öʬѻöѪ۳Ѫ졣
ѣһͨ죬סȭͷмʹĻ˳𲻱Ǿӣ
һ۷ֹ̩ƽȻ̫һʬͷɫתʬץʱǡ
ǹ̩ƽʶѿ𾪣ΪλˣʬҲûС
һ֮ţϣĿŭڣȻʣ·Ͷأ
ɱģֻж·ġ·ΧͶʮû¡
ϣҿԣʹİڰ֣֪ͨƾʬ£֡ЩʿͲᱻɱ
ڶ·ɱС𶯡
ݴ·˧Ĺ̩ƽߵɱߣеıְеıְ֮ƣɱ¼
һʱըָŭ⣬Ϥðͷָƣָƾָߡ
Ҫ˵ʮս׷ɣҲǱƾɱսֳһʱ嶯֮£ɱĺѱ⡣
ģɱȴǺ٣һɱʮϣʮҲֻбƾһζѡ
ŭ⣬ָ𣬰ѧҲʾǿҵκΣߵҪûôô˵
ɱ֮󣬾˵һǱӪ߶Ի˵߶۾˵һ䣺ƨ£
ǲô˵û˼֤֮߷Żȥ˭壬ҵԣޱȡ
ߵİ裬ò˶޵κΣû˸ȥߡ塱ƺһӾͰߵİеøдʵˡ
˵Ҳ治м۸ߡ塱
ɱʱֵ·²ƽ볬Ҳһȱ׷ɱµ·ۣҲûȥ鷳ˡ
һ࣬۶ͷۣ۷ս飬Ҳһս֮ˡʱյߣֻ±ɱҲ١
ָһҲˣҪţǾ治˭֡˭ġ塱ˡ

Ϊʲôɱ̩ƽ
ңɱʲô
ɱһΪɱڵġ
ɱھɱڣҷں޷Ǿǿ׼һ㣬ΪҲɱɱʵɱڵɣŸҴᡣ
Ǹ˧ɱԽ͢±ߵĽʿҲ÷
֮ԱǣûҾԽȨˡսʱ򣬻һɱءŮӴ͢ǲǸҸ᣿Ů˰̫ˡ
档Ĺŭȴķ˵ǶԵġ
ӾǹȻĳʵϴ⣬˭֨ҲãҲã۷ģʵʵڵĳһ͢ĿƷΧ
Ĺеļûֱ̬ᣬͿۣƫƫƺûƢ볯Ϊ٣ʵȨԱ
ǧʮп۵ģҲûУ˼ҸҲ볯Ϊ١ʮģ볯Ϊ٣Ҳˡ
볯Ϊٵߣûһ۵սͳͳˣҲܵʵְ
ǣһĻߵʵƣû˵ѹסûָӵö
ĹﶸȻǿҵУı粵Ҿ㲻ɱ̩ƽ
Ʋ죺ϣɱ̩ƽ
ʵϣǴĳ˵
˭Ĺʡ
ЦЦžȵϱ㲻Ϊɱǹ̩ƽߺҰɣ
˲ǸߣˮǸˡ
ΪʲôС۳Ծ
ЦЦ꣺ң


636 ìܣµĹ˲
ǰߣʿս
ץһǰɫ֪˶ٽʿѪС
ϸϸĴϸȥ꣬صʳһļ١Ʋ⣬ʳʮǰʹԼһɡ
̾ϣڻ㹻ʳߺᣬû˵ǡǡ߸
Ѿһļġ̾սֲ٣սϮսɵľġ򡣡
Ϊʲôսɵͷ֮ȥĬ
ʰ飬˦һָ壬׼һ档
ȥĺս齫죬׼һʮģĳ档
Ƥ׼
߸·ʯ￪Ϊ׵һ̫ƽս齫죬Լš·ԳµΪ׵һս齫죬һǶս
ϸע⣬ܷ֣ս䵱ڻңһ档һȫ߳棬ǳķߣƾƣǿйķߡ
սĳǿԶ̹γ˺ܴǣơ
һƾܽ󹥻ǿķߡ
ָָ㣺Զ൱һСǵս͸ˡ
ƣһ۲ŴԵĻʵۡʮսÿһζռȶĽͼƻɡˣԹͱĲ
أ˺ܶϸ΢졣
Ƶһ½죬ΪΪȫ棬ʱûһܳɳͳ˧ŵĵز
һ죬ǼиѼϼܵ£Ϊ飬һĽ쵮˺ü
ƾĽʿʼձгֵʿ;ģճĽʿսսḻҲƣ
ĵϷ˺Ϳຮıˣս־϶ЩĲô˵һƫɣʵǴڵġ
ʿΪˮ׼һЩˡ
ƾʵвϸ΢ۺơ
죬Ǵսĵʮ죬ɱ֮ĵ졣

Ĵ㡣
սĵһ죬ȫߴ˰ʮߣս߸ߴʮ
һĺ󳷣ŨڱƾÿһĹ£϶ıȺ󳷣˻֮ȥӰ
һͳ˧ƾɱ¼ʿʿһֱһ
ϣά֣׳ʿάսʿȻ޷ԼĴת
ɱ¼ϱõҥԣ˸ϣĺܴţǡôĻļìܡ
Ͻδز֪ǱƵҥԺͲԡȻܶ²֪侲ģʮʿɱʮʿѪܵʵ
ϣܲѾû֮ǰЧˣƾһͳ˧ֱʧȥԭʹָĸо
ɱҥԣĺܶ
һֱûúϢΪǵλáʵû֪޷˯ģսֱ仯
ʮûзһĴģơ
ƾֱϣĲǱΣڵʲô
ڶϣĵĴã
սͱƾĥϣսս
ߣԹƶ£ϣĲҡʵսĥսͱƾͼ൱ԡ
սʮһֱıսһƽߵսսƩԶõԴʩ
ǣսͱƾҲԴˣս仯ʵսЭͬս
ѣѣѡ
ϣͷ֣ߵġûսԣûսѾ֪ˡ⣬û취ƽ⡣
϶߶Աǧսս롣ɸϣȻûпݽߵļ
Ҫǣ֧ǿսһֱûдģ
ɫ԰׵ؿɳ̣ʾ֭Ҳ벻õİ취
ϣĿǹǲһ֧¾ǧкƴ֧¾սʤûô
սĿֲսԻ˺ܶսս
ϣԸϴɾҲԸɳԾ
һıĵӪʣ˧ղˡ
˵飬ŰѸϣĴӳ˼лѣ룡
һ۴ڣһղ롣ϣĺ˵ϥ£ӭʥּ
ӪкܶˣԶ¶֮ɫԼԱƾķŭϣĹٳȻȴĴ
˽죬Ͻ֮ʵϣϣĲ֧ʺϵĴͳ˧ɣ±ɼ
ղɫû˶ȥˣʣղ͸ϣġ
ղޱؿŹĸϣģһ仰ǣ˵㡣ǣսҪ
ϣĵͷø͡

û֪ղ͸ϣӪ˵ʲô
ϣ߳ʱɫԽĲ԰ס
ղģʲôϢȻν˫УһĻϢ
һϢ·
·˧ǰɱ
ϣϵĲ԰ף˲䱬ĺڱΣһ߿һָһۣҹȥ
ڴŸϣĵȽͲıٶȸ·ս
ڰУϣľͿ˴ƾĽʿϷߡʿ׷׽֮նɱڷϡ
ãϣľŭֻתһѪ˻ߵĿȣס֣
УȼŸĿУ޶õȣɱ
ǧıƾʿֱͦͦվڷϣе棬еģеȴǰȻ塣
һתۣͷ­ء
նµ·ʿ˫ʮ⣬óӵĿŭĿӡնֻ̲סˡ
ϣŭס֣
ģ΢̣ƺ˧ɱ֮𣬱ѪծѪȻôʿǽ
Ͻи߼Ķ޵Ԩǻһͷ£鷳ˡ
ϣһ侲ŵʱƻᣬһһ٣ҪҲսһһĽ
ϣ壬͵ظְʡ
ЦֻۣһζĿЦŭͼЦҾ͵Ľ
屻ѺߣϣĬȻȻиУȻͷ򱱷ȥ
ìܼˡ
ɫǳ¶һĨεϧĿɨƾ̩ƽǸ׳գɱܼìܣȻ̫ˡ
ɡǸϣģìܱʱ򣬾ǳֵѹʱ򡣡
񣬱ƾϽߵ˼ȻƾҲìܣ˭ڣɱ̩ƽһɵ
̩ƽƳҰȻȻڸǾԺѲεƵۣ߳ʾһ¡Ȼ󣬱Ѹٴ̩ƽš
ֱϷǸϣģһ跨Ͻ岻˵Ͻȫ֣ڴսǰ̫ҷ
𶯣Ǿ˵Ȼսϣʤˡû˵꣬˭֪սϣʤˣǰδеŽᣬսﵽ۷塣
ζһЦȻǸϣİأ
ϣսܣϽһᷴˡᱻڧڣǣס
˲Ŀ˲⹬̩ƽɱҪٳĿģǾ̫ˡ
䵭΢̡


637 սɶ˻
ѩء
һٻ£ѩв֡춯
ʱȺʿһڵСӪկлȥһһġ
ܿ˵ϷսĽܲսˣֲ޼޵ķ߷ȻǸߣ治ǶǱŴƽ߾ͱQժӣ쵰
ǱԭڱɺãΪߣǱó±ˣҲԭıˡ
һȺʿв˷߷ߵ˽ӻǣΪߣҲó
ԭıսֱڱǱľƽߵ·Ⱥȡͱ⵱٣κΣٵײ㽫ʿΪժӡ
ԭͱ񣬱ɢ˷ֱ˸СĲˣˣԸֵķʽڶɢ˾Ǵɢˣˡ
ܶͱĵײ㽫ʿҲĻޡ
ˡԭͱߣʿȴ෴ǳƽΨһޣƾ꿡ܡ
Ҫ˵ˡ˧ϷǿǴ˼Ư̡һȺʿ䷴壺ϣϷ˶ΰ̣˧Ŵ˸ϣء
粵ԭͱʿ߷߲ѣռսıˣҪǸҡߺߡ
ȥġ˼˧ᣬĳˡСʲô˧ȡ
Ҫ˵˧û׼Ǳİɫţǿߡ
ʵֹ˳ߣ޺ܶˣߵż񡣾ǧƽӵܵżһ
ᣬЩĳ֣ϾҪӽ˺ܶܶࡣ
Ⱥʿۣܿߺһɱ۱ȣ˭ǿ˭
ȻȴûܿѩУһɫӰȻϢĿ
˿϶ɱҪǿĵû˵
δ䣬ѤõĽȻϢİѼһ뽫ʿûɨɱɰء
ٻȷӦȣܣ𣡡һ٣Ӽ˻
ȻϢĳ֣ɱһһת۰Լϰʿ
һһȥ
ٵɨǰߵоݵ㣬һᣬ
һɫĳӱѩд͸ӵȫò֡
һΪıʿһµǱڱѩУĿɿڴĿ֧еģġڱѩƮҡ
ˣ
ʿȻϢҪ󳷡
ȴǿһɫӰʿķģ˻ߵĿ𣺡Ϯ
񱻼ضһȻֹ

ʮĩѩ
Ȼڱ߾ʮʮñѩҹͻϮ
ֲǲͷһɫǾڵ£Ȼεϰٸݵ㣬ҹơ
һҹܣϰܱ¼ʱ򣬶ʮ㳲һٻܡˣƶ߾һҹ䴩
Ϯƣ̶죬ӱ߹뱱һʱ䣬»Ȼ
ĬĶھӣȻչĴģƣ˶ˡ
޵ľһӱøӰٱˣҲ޷жϵǰľơ˵Ӫɵύ鱨ҲһƬհס
Ȼбɱ䵱һ൱ɫĽʺɹѶ޾ƽ롣
ϢϷ߲е⣬ֻ˵һ䣺Ȼ̲סˡ
Σᡣ֪Ҳֻǰͺ̵ֻΪ˲һĻᡣ
ģߺϬһεľжϣ˵һ£֪òȲѶΪ֮
ڹȥ̫βԵĻˡ
Ա˳ŵԲУ߽ΪУĸε߶þƣƵôӴȫһ
ȴǱ˲ԻˣΪƵȻıᣬȴʼ뷨ʹ˶ƱƣҲ˶ѻᡣ
ȽӴһ˺Ͷľ룬Ϊ
ΪƵ۶Ǳƣ˭һͳ£ıùĴȴˣʧĻᡣ
ϲԲǰ׳գʵ̫ȱԶҲ̫ȱսжˡ
һǰһλıĸˣΪ߻ֱƺͶ͸ѪӶǼΪ˼Ϊɹսԡ
߷ǳɣŲ֣ǡ񽫡ŵġȱⷽ˲š
񽫡Ų֣ڹȥĶʮӭ˱ջĴʱ⡣ɵúãĿܻʵǧĵһη
Ȼȴ޴һٶĴ
Ĳ֪ǰӰԽ

˲ǹԼ޵˵ɫ֡
Ҳѹֻ֣Ŵӱ߸û죬ͻϮսͺˡ
׿˵ƣôص𾪵Ϣ߾ͺ֪˺ܾãڰһ¡Ȼû˵͸ѪҲû˵ơ
Ϊʲô֪ˣȴ˵ȱģԶԾָɱġ
߾شȱĴȱĳһǰᡣǰ˲Щദ˽飬Ȱסߣֻ´ȱǰͱ߰űһˡ
ɣȱɣǲõشġ
˲˶ûᡰΪʲôû˵ȥһ㣬ֻʣô죿
ʱսĻᣬҲĻᡣ߸һĲش𣺡ۼ֤ʢ˥λ֤˥Ĺ̡
ЦУ̫ٵġ
ȱҪ˵εİ˲קˡ
˲˶ʱˣʣСۼˣȻµʲô
壬˵һ棿Цķʡ
Ȱ˵߾Ц˵սĺܺò¡˵ģ·ԽԽխǴ̫ˡ֪Ҳֻƴһˡ
ߵĿĹһߡһŲ֣ʮǰﵽ۷壬ʮǰﵽǿʢ
˵ʱ̫£ִ̫ųޣҲȱԶ˲ţᡣӴˣ·
Ĵ־ս˺ߵľƣղߴƽ˺ľ棬һӴӼʢ˥ܡ
ҹƣҲòսˡۣƺºͣ˵˵ǣмˡ
ҡ߼΢ЦҲ˵
ɱ϶˵ʡСȴɱüмƣ
ǰмơǳǳ΢ЦȻû˵գһɿϷģ
ûϴѲΡǼٵġ٣ǵĻʵۣС
꣬СۣɱĹϤһ𣬲˼ؿ
̾ϢĦ豭


638 ˲۷
˲ʱڡڣ
ϸ˼⣬˵ɵ࣬ҲʵںѶԹ˲䡣
˲˼̫ˣû˴õʲôʲô㡣
ƺ⣬С۰Ĺ˼ȴһҲֻɱʼյһ˿вһûɱ˻һ
һȡʾ⣬ۣ˼ĳЩһͨ˼·Ҳɢ˼ά
ȥĩһرƣ𴩱࣬𴩹˲ݡ϶ڹ˲֮⡣
ǧܵȰ˴սʹɣУʹҷر˲Ա˲֪ǧܵȰ˴۵Ķ
ȥĩĽ̸Ȼ󣬹˷һȥ硣ۣڹİ꣬˲ǷĳЩı
ɣƣᣬ˲һһʱҲԿ
ʲһôˣֻǶΣձȽС
ΣȮһеᵽΣյζˡ
˶ġ߲Щ̫̰ѹ˲ݸߺ֮󣬶϶͸¶⼸ˡ
ڣɱˣǿڷܽˡ
Ĺ˰죬͵û
šࡣߵͷʵжһʲôܺð죬ֻҪ֪ԷĿꡣ
˲ռĿʲô￩һ£Ȼʼղ֪˲Ҳʼû͸¶ڷ硣
˲ҪѹȻ󣬸ııˣ
Բֹֻ֪һĿ꣬˲ûҪôӴһ
ߺȻĵЦˣҸҿ϶˲һѲεĶ鵱С
ȥܵĴ̫ࡣߺʼ磺֮Ϸͳ˧ȻҵԸҲĵ
ĹɫһЩǺ죬ֹû˵
ֻûƺȥ굱Уʧꡣܶ˶ǡ
һƮһȶ˭
ʱΪ޽㡣սһӿЩͳͳ˵һٹ̶һĻ
ƺң˭ҪߺȻûͷûԵһ䡣
㡣ͬǾĴ𰸡Ĵ˻ʺ֮⣬ɾߡ
ǣҾ˵˼ڻϣۣէȻǣ˲ҪﵽʲôĿģ
Цݣĵ⣬Цĺᱻ˰㣡䣬һٶİ㡣
Ҳһ£˲ʱڡޡһܡ

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СۺͰ껥࿴һۣƺԶмɻ
ҲţҲٲһ¡Ħ°ͣû׼˲Ѫ˷սһ㲻ûڳŻء
ȻһЩ̫⡣
Ƥӣ˲ѲӸּһ׮ͻȻ¡϶ǿ׼ĳʱûҶ룬Ҿ;ƺܳΪһȤ۷
Ѳһ۷ʱʲô
С۵Ŀ࣬Ȼڴ˵ҲӣЦʲô£ù˲Գ룬Ҳ֪϶Ҫ
϶ɱ˻ʡС۰һС٩٩̸
壬ֱǷϻ߷ۣĹЦСɫе㷢죺˲ҪĹ˻ʣźˣ
һ˲ҪɵǸأɰɡСǿ粵
ٰһòá˲̶꣬ɹˣбҪðȥɱһ߿񷭰ۣȻ壬̫ˡ˵У˵Ǿͻǡ
С۰ȻģֱŤŤͷȥҲۼ⣬ŷλС۴е㷢졣
Ʋ죬֣
ȥƺҲֵֻôԳ˵ţ￩һ£˵һΪشܣĪǣйأ
ʰ飬Цսһض㳲ڻ޵ĳѨܲң˲֪
û˵ѻ׮¡꼸ˣҲû׷һ㣬¶ӵɫ
һڤ˼룺˵ôҪĶһӡ
С۵ȶͷûû츳ã϶Ҳᵮôۡ
ҪôǲѡҪôǼЯߺȻЦ˳첻ʮǰʮǰһ־۴žͲˡ
ӵˣɣĴ˻ʡߵЦݹŹ֣ڼϣһͶలȫ
СۺͰɫҲŹҪ˵־ۣʮǰСۺͰΪûﵽأͲܺˡ
٣·ðӾ۷׷޵СҲԼһЩٵĶߣٺᣬҲҡ
˵⣬һʹʦͽʥ
޵Сӡɱɣĩˣһ˳ҲϾġ񽫡ޣҲֻ۰ˡ
ԡѿһġСһΰԣʾʵ۲
Ƥһ£ͷѣСڼϡ̧ͷٺֵҪΪʲô˵ǰ׳ء
ս䣬ͺܺòˡҪôڶҪô
ߺٺЦᶢһͦٵ¡ʵҲǣͷԷȣߣԱǾƶ·
˲ޣǰͷԷȵļһһ˵ûɴ
СۻȻѹ˵˲Ȼ֣ô˵Եò۶࣬æ
һֱûİ꣬ȻһСɫ΢䣬Ĺʱ԰ס
ۣĿ峺ףᱻ㡣չЦˣģǳǳᣡ
еģֹ
ζЦˣҲֹ˲һۡ˭˭˵ء
ʱҲʱ޷ǣģҵġһЦƽΣϢҪ浽ͷϣҲһͻ־ܡ
˵С۷ѽˡ
˹սǺ¡һֱڵȵģ޷ǾҶе㲻ͷˣڶˡ˶ʱȲѡ
վЦҲδزĳĻҰͲĳ˰Ū֣ᵮȤġ
˲ѻҲһҲߡ
ĹﵽױȽϹս£ͻȻ򣬳Ծ㣬ԭǹս¡ȶս
˵ѹԴӴսһԺ߾һֱûзģĹءԭš
ˣϱȻһӱе㲻̫ϰء
ȥĹŭһֱܴء
߷Ц׼ܹôһս


639 Թϣĵľ
˵ܹʵû
߲һʱᡣǷܹǡǡǿơ
ҲöǷɵսֻͻƽ߹ȻʮȴֻͰԭĶʮγɶš
ģֱ˼൱ԡǲǼɵսǾͲ˵ˡ
ñѩͻϮƴ塣ñսսǱ壬ȴٻǿʰһЩ󳷡
²սʣ±Ͱԭǰߵսڶ߾ߵսڸأڡ
ӱ߽˱ѩչģͻϮȻѩҲѹס˶ĺٶȣ̫ĹƣñƵԴϢ
ܱٺ󳷣طǱҿƣҲòѡս¹жҰģϣǱסҰģս
һĵطϤΡ
ԭڵأѻвսʱ򡣳ߵĶʮʣʮҲϤ
ǲһֱԮҲȰѵ±Ͷ룬϶ڶһ˴Լʮ
Ϸս֡ƾһӱýѲӵƵּʱģʮԤۡһʱҲⲻȼü֮
·Ԯڶһ±ϱܱطΪʮģĶɫӭս
Ȼƴᾫ˵񡣶̶죬ǷѩӣҲǹ뱱ǧѱչ
ƶ漱
Ƶۣڸ󣬾Ժʮ𼱵ĸϷԮܺЦǵģԮҲϷ֧ԮҪ졣
ԭҲûκΣеľϷսоͽͳͳϷսҪʿ䣬ҪɫǣҪϷս
ع䣬ϯ֮ն΢ǣ߰նɹȥ
عĳӲһ΢ȱͨϯ֮һԱͽǱƵһնأ侲ҲڱҪʱӲĳ
µ󶼶Ҳֻնǿ߱ͳŵʡ
ϣָһ㣬Ҳϣսãʰоֵİ˳ɻߡԾӦƵ۵Ժնϡ
նû죬սһαø㡣
ֱǧʹݻչȴԮ½ִ߾˾٣ֱ쾡µı˶ߵļɵ
ս֮ٴηģƣսƽնͳϽ赲ס
ߵϷսúˮһֱйעսʱŵͷˡ
ֺ󣬴ģѹθʺͲƸһġ˵Ϊأû̫¼
ϸĶ궫սĸ鱨ͼߵüëһ飺ƵûɱƾûбϮɱͽΪء
߶ʱЦǰ׳գȻȻԱƱϣ
ޱעֻһǱƾǶռȻһٳΪҪ˵Ƶǹ˲ȻԭǸƵۣʱҲԲٺͶˡ
Ƕ齵ơ򣬶ͱƣעֻܻһ
ˡᣬ;ĩ·ǶˣʱȻ޿ܷսˣϷսˣ
ɭȻʱܹˡ

ӴսһϷսú嵭
ӣҲһֱΪյľս׼
սһֱǱƵص֮أսͳͳȹӦսʳ档
Ҳ˰˲ǹۣǲϲսߵ˼ǣֻ۳֣˲ǾͰưˡ
˻һͳµƣ൱ˡ
ߺͰ˲û˵ɻҲղǰĺЭ飬ˡ˻ʵγȫµĺЭ顣
ε˻һͳͬǰǰ˻ͳһޡһͳ£˭ҲӲ
뱻˻ʵ߹ʹǾֻзûѰ˵˲˶֪ѡ
̩ƽ߸ɱնսʱΪԭ
ع䱻ãΪ·˧ϯ֮Ϊ·˧ϳΪ·˧
ϯ֮ǰ˼ó۹ս׷սĵãսϲһΪȱ󾢡
ع䣬Ƕٸ˳ȫ棬۹ܣһĵá΢Ű壬Բͨǵ͵Ͻ
һ䣬ϣĻ˾Ͻټɵ
ϳǰָʹϸ壬ϲֱֱȥĴģơ⣬û¼ٵľ飬սˮƽϲżʧء
զࡣӪ鱨Ҳ׼·ͳ˧Ը硣
̫ȱͳ˧ˡ˸Уߣֻй̩ƽնǿʺϡǰعķŴ棬һļơǱʣдʵս֤
û֪ϣĸĴۣʹϽʱȻˡϽȫ֣δغԹԡ
սʤǾܺ½һĵλ
ܣϣĵŬữΪУϽķˣҪЧӦ
ƾһٺ;µδظҿ϶ܹǰ࣬һδģǰࡣ
ǱƶսϷսܹһҲ⡣
ڱƾƳԽձеϲΪӦÿսסϷšȻϣĲô
ս³Խ߲ݵȥƾܿ죬ͻչȫ湥ƣʤĴս
ϣɫ԰ףһֶ̻·â·
̻ǿϮսâóģ
ڽ˲ͣԹս
ϣĻ̧ͷȥֱαƾľµܹǰࡣ
ֱûɽģҲû취͵ġֻܵͷԹս
ߴݲȵķܹȷȫ߷һʤĶԹս

Թս
߳ԾݲѣһϣġսĲǶϷҲ˭ѧϣģ·һɾ޶
緽ã·Ͷʮսϣչȫ߹ơ
߷Ծգ±ߵǰս߬סȭͷĿţεϣģˮܰ
ȫ߷ȴӪȫѹˣвεģһһıֲѹϣû¶϶Ͷս
Ҳû¶϶ͶսÿһսߣԼְ󲻳ʮļࡣ
ϣ̫ˡŭǡͶһģսɹģͲһͶȥַӱл̵
ǸϣĹڶ
߿յץץͷƤȻתȫ߷ƾֻһߣûв̫ԶѸش
ϣĺȻ׼ᣬһδģԹս൱Ư
ս̬ƣҲڲ׽ս
ϣڶĲ
ûţһʧЦˣǾʹһƯƯĶԹս
ϣһڿű֪Ϸ૵ϣģҪԶģҽˡ
Ҫһ񡣸ϣģһֺƴ


640 ҹڻҾŵ
ʮ³ʮһ³Ϊһ£˴սһ칥ͣʱ򣬻嵭Ĵ
һ죬ģսۣһ˭ϲķʽͻأޱȵıˡ
ȻͶʮչȫ߹ơȼһըҩ̾Ͱϱ֮սؽʤĻֺս
˶ϸϣһжôƯҲܺӣִ൱ɫ̶ʱ˴תִת䡣
㹻ͻȻ㹻ΡƾȻĳԿˡ
߾Σͳɹĸı˱ƾĹ̬ơ
Ϊһµֽ׶Уƾִߵս˼룬ֽ̬ơᣬҲ̫ĵĲǰطߡʵϣƾ·ͳͳֻһǰطߡ
Ͷʮģıȫ߽ƾȫܡ
սǰܶΪǰ·ңȱڷȫֻ߽֮˵һ仰ͽ顣
˵Ը׼£仰ս顣
ʱȫ߽û룬жϱƾǰضܣ΢һ㣬жϡ
һ飬ȴһ顣½оս󣬵һڡǲǾš顣
ûԸǲǲǾš
һˣҲܡȻϣĲ˵ǣĶߡ
ƾܣսᡣ
սжڻҾţÿᲹһΡ
ǰܵͬʱڻҾƾֲ˶Ϻѻսɹʹֹͣ׷Ϊƾ£¼ᴴʱͻᡣ
Ȼ󡭡ϱ֮սĵһ׶ս½תڶ׶Ρ
Ҳսֽ׶Ρѹȥһ̬ƣȫת͹ƾ
սĽձΪϱ֮սĴսһ׶Ǿ䣬ڶ׶ҵĹսǡǡҲǴսƽĽ׶Ρ

ݣ
ŭû˼ȥȥ£ֻķʽ첿²סĴ棺ĸˣӲŲǡ
ͶʯŭٽľʯˮһǵصĺȻ׹
䣬ĺڵĺʯڵϣĳײûѪƤ
žžžܲʿʯ
žһ˶ĹڵϣصĻ͡
ƵĻ쵰ɫɷףŭ𣺡壡
ȼյĻʯͶǧ׺һתۣͱȼ̾ȼճɻ𺣣ɵǧƵʿ
սǻսҵĹս
ܿģǧͬۺһŭ֪·սϣͬۺһ档
ɽҰĳ棬ũУʯУɽϣǵصŭһ档
ʱûںҲû˽սֻҪٵĳ档Ϊÿ˶֪岻ϱƾķߣǾ·һ
н˵ĳ档
첻סٵĲ£һŭһ߾к¸ϡ嵽һǧ׵ʱȶӶµĴŭйĿ־壺ϣϣ
֪ʹ࣬ҵһ·̾Ҫʼˡ
ƾϣһ󣬹֣׼
䡣֣䣡
Ƶļ꣬ͷӶ棬ǵصˣܶܶ۷һ顣
֪ʲô幥鵽ˡҵŸٵĲ£ҵĳȥˣһߴ󺰣򿪴ӣ
Ͳһ߱ܣһߴ򿪲ӣһ·һѵϸСеĻ͸ˡ
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ǵصĻѷɫЯȼյĻ棬۵İǧɱȼ˵ϵĻ͡ڵһ¾ȼ
ֻӷΪֹеһܷһ֧еһܷŶʮ֧۰װףĸҶ࣬Ҳ̫ӡ
Сģ
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Ҳˣºȴεѵķֺв˼壬⼸û
һޱؿŲ·׷׵ڳ·ϣʹĳ鴤һ£ĵϥͳǰջӪɣǶǺģĳŲסˡ
û˿ͳסȭͷľܾˣ˧û
ؿŲһ£ĪתҲľսϳ档
ȻƾرͱŰϢܼսĴһԾ
ˡ
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ľŵĶ˧ʹޣ˧ĩɡôȥʿǶҪˡߵֵ̫ˡ
ϣķɫҰףƺϵĲҰܣȾȫˡľܾûҵ˭þ񲿶ӣΥն
ʯĳҲˡ
ľŵĶ˧ˮݺᣬధ󣺡˧ʿǴ̫ˣ絽ڣ·Ѿʮˡ
ϣľޱ飬Ѿ˲پ񲿶ˣǻҪ٣˵
᲻ѩûͷ׼ѩս
գˡһʱٳסһʱϣֵõġ
û˲ϣĵ۽ǽ͸ӨỨ

߶ţһڰİ̫ˣжڣֳʶĲ̫
һ̣ͻȫڡ
ۣǰߵɱиоϣĲͣʿǵķ⡭Ҳϣ
ıæ˧ģзװͳͳȥˡ
˫֣ǷͳƹˣͷҲأ޼æݽ˱档
ϸĿһ£Ծѣ·ʮʮ֮䣿ôģʹ⿼Ͼˣ϶ûС
Ҳ֪û׷ʣָͷ棬ЦϣĪǷˣȻϧôҲҪҴԹս
ϳȥˣѣ˧Ҿ󣬵ǡǿתսˡ
˧һʱǰΪ·һսû·ܿҲ󲹳䡣
ڻҾŶѣ߲̫⡣ԣȻһɣ·Ҹ·һΣǾǰ˰ˡ
ĩľжϣ絽ڣս򡣡ϳȰ˵һ˵ɫˣԣ
߽סüͷ̫ˣȻȹȥһ¸һ
Ծ
񣬰ΣɫȻһ䣺ڻҾŴսɱЧʣԶԶڹսҲʱע⡣
áϣϺ꣬ʲôʱƵģ
п⣬ȣɳ̣


641 ϣĵ֮
ɳ̣
񣬽ϳڽҲܿͷӦ޲
ڻҾɫӽսڹսܷӣڷսȴǴơ
ҲǸע⣬ڹսУڻҾΪһ󷢻Чʡ
Ȼϣı߷ֵø磬Ѿˡ
աɨԱҵҫˣգ顣
ҫ˵ֱӺϼڣԼٶȷǧ׵ĸ߿գס飬Ѹս½
߿ָҪ°Ѵ磬ȫ߹Ժе飬¿һ顣
ıܿһ˫սϣһ渿
һϸĵһɳΣȻˣҪ̵ʱ·ε˧ͷȥ
ϳʽ䶼ͷȫ߷Ȼͬ϶ǻ˧ˡ
⣬ж־ۣǷ־ۣǷǲ־Ԯ̧ͷɫȻ
ɵĲɵģ˭֪ҪڶްȨ֮սʤõֱӵİ취ǻߡ֪ϣҲ֪
أΪֹֻ֣ȷϣ½־ΪЧţһδֶԷϵĺۼ
ߵͷ޴Լֻ־ۣһģϲռ
һȡߺȻͣڿľıסǰ˵Ǿ仰˵һ顣
ı㵵ͷƴ緢Ĺƺ·ʮʮ֮䣬·ʮ֮䣬·ڰ֮䡣
̧ͷͽϳһۣͬǿ·
ɡϣӽˮˣ߲졣·ǿƾ෴·Ȼ·ߣζм֧ǿս
էƾ·ʵǿǿ··һ
ɻϸɳ̣ڵĺȣȣǷдı仯
С֮ǰΪΪıְܳݼǵ죬ڵ
ȫ߷СΪǶһ˵ıһ΢ԡ
ޣһ˵൱֣ΪؾȨж󣬿ж
ıҲһ൱ı;ĻŵĽɫΪս³ıߡжȨҲҪǻûзӵء
ܵ˵ıձ߱ɫľ²ŻεĹƣ֮ǰ͵ιı
һ롣ۣսһ죬սΪǧңΪ£죬Ȼˣ
ϣʲô
ȮһеĲΪǿҵĲ

սĺȣ
İٰʮ


ϣĲ԰׵ϣһ˿Цݣ߳Ӫʣ˵գסָͷһѪٵһȣٵһȣû֪˶סû̷ܹ
ϧκδۣҲҪйעߵ٣һ˿һע
û֪ڸϣģ˵жôҪ˻㱨ʱ·ûл󡣡
ϣĿĵЦˣûбõĽˡûзָף߷ˣûܽĿġ
·Сȡ
ϣĺһãİɫҹɫв̫ԡû֪жôɵߣҲֻԺսײһ£ŻᷢжôѲ
û뵽һûϹսˣһͳսͱֳ˾˵ľ²Ż֪ϣλ޶˹Ƴ磬˹ɵŻйߵ顣
ϣû̬ʯϣЦ
սĵһ죬Ҫ·ҪôսߣҪôѹϣʵһûע⣬ŷֵģǸΪѰ
û˵ΪʲôҪ󣬻ѹϣҲûͲ̲ضΣֻߺ͸ϣһڱһϣȴղ
Ⱥͺȣ͵ڰıϡڹϣ˸ΪսԻռ䡣ȻҲӵͶսĿռ䡣
һͶսɵذָ֣һһɵİΧ¡
СȺͺȣıһܼûͶսĿռˣȴܷһǿʹܱܼĺܼͣ͵
ңʧȥ㹻սԻռ䡣ҪǣһСȺͺȣҪΧҪսҲˡ
ԣ߲Żڴսĵһ죬·һֵҪôʹȺȣҪôС
󣬻СȻǳ߶Լսƫá
ϣĵĿƣԼߣû֪󣬻СԲΪѰ
ϸϣôһĶ֣ҲơһϣĲֹһǿռʹ߸޷Ͷս
⣬ߵСսԣϵΡϣѡСΧСȴʼձһĿռ䣬ͷβûκλᡣ
ϣû߻ᣬҲܲסڻҾŵĿֲ
սգ翴ƾСڶ¶һ˿
һֱˮ򣬱ߴߵȶս̬ȣȻ˵һս˳ֵİա
ϣ֪һսܶˡ֧صǿսֻż·࣬ûдģսġ
ܣǰܶˡʲôܣܳʲôսʧܣսʧܣ
ʧܣҲġϣҪģǰʤ
ڶĲϣ֪߽ΪڶĲ
ʱˡ
԰׵Ĳ԰ˡϣվ۾̫һҫۣˡ
һڶţʮһʮʮš
Լڶʮһţ͵ؼᣡ
ǣȣӦС
û˲ϣĵĻУԼһ˿ɫԽǲ԰׿£ۺڣԼѧʿȫᡣ
áûгɡ
ϣĻģ˻ƵҪߴţԼˣһڣɼᡣ
ǣ޴ش
ϣ鸴ӣ½սΣ±¶Χսȡѹϣսȡ
Ҫ󣬶·ڰʱڣս߿İȫѹϣսһ
ʱڣս߿ڣսʮڡΥնá
ߴţϺڰʱڣ˶
ʱ󣬶·ȫ߽׶սۡ˷ƣˣսߣиںߣ͵ش
ϣǳΣҿԼ£ƣĻӻ֣ȥɡ
սڽҹ֮ǰǳǰܣһ
ϣԲ߶ĵ׶սۣΪϱ֮սУ¶ɵġ֮ʡ


642 սƭ
ˡ
˵ź˻Ľײɷзӯ졣
˵һߡ
·ʿɵģȴҲƣĺս泷
յܺãΪսƻͣΪ߾Ÿ˧ʮǰ˧ս߶˵͵ˣΪ˧
һҴƷڶ̶һУѸٳΪͳϽʮĶ˧Ľ䣬һŮӡ
βʲôҲû˻˵졣Σս׽ģ²Żõ˲
ü칥̫ˡһ⡣
϶⡣
һߴϢһ˻кºսһ߽ĺɱһ
ڻҾţǿסһơڴϢһָΪĲҩʦѧͽǼæİ
϶⡣ûĴȱһҩʦѧͽڸ˾˵ˣǲǸϱ˵һ£
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ӵܣһ֮ĵڶܱǣһ֮꣬۳ɼôɫͳͳĹâ֮¡
ߣģʽ䣬һδԣͱĳšƤС³˵ȣ޲ڸλѸٳΪм
Ĵ꣬¹ܶɫûһܳһӰҲǱתչ
ˡϰɡ찧п࣬к׼
ҹɫУҫ˺ҹƺʿŭһǵص᫵Ϸ˹ơ

ϯ֮һƢӲʵһŰһпĲ߿սеˡҸ㣬Ҳж٣ҽ͹
·
ϯ֮𱬵Ŀ⣬Ǳ˻һҲʹֻ̣Ҫ˭͹

ˣһǷˡ
磬Ĺһֱûֹ֮ͣ󣬹ƺӵͣӵĲʧ
սɿĿԴԴϵĴء
ߴżᣬùˡĳԼۣõϸٶȸ㱨
߳Ծϣߴż᣿߸
Ϳ鱱ˣڱõϸ̽һţŻشó֤ʵеһԼʮһš
ڽ￩һ£ܿ鱨жôҪˡãʮŵĴϢա
ϣĺһûϱٻƾһڶǾҲһʮһʮʹӾȴҲʹӾľ
ĪΪʹӾսǿʵʹӾǾѡ齨ģսԲ䱾
ս鱨ɿ١µ鱨ˣ·ͳ˧Ƿ̻·ͳ˧âǸϣĽġ
˵ϡ
ûͷ˺ܿͿһеΪǿҵĲ´׿ɳ̣Ӱڣ·Ͷٱ֣
·ͶʮԼࡣڶ·Ͷʮࡣ·Ͷʮࡣ
Ӱڣ̶һʱһݣ˵Ĺжôˡ
˧Ӷ·սսȺͺȡıѡ
һ⣬ϣʲộ°ͣڤ˼룬ڵǺǶ٣
ϳɳ̣𰸣ԼԼһ
һԺ߻һһͨ˼ʲôǶ٣
һ˵꣬ϳȻһ
ڽ֮УӦݵҲʱ뵽ʲôɫӲ˰һֲĲ²˵ߴš··˶
ҲݣĿɿڴİŭǶ··
·ӪڶཫͲıǳԸɷģ̸˴𰸣ϯ̻֮
߶ʱ㤣һƤϯ֮ͷ̻ƹأʧǿ·ϯ֮һʧء
絽ڣϧʧǿǳͷβսƭϣҪսͼ߼Ͳıʹ
˵ɫýӲˣֱǷӡ
絽ڣʮˡӴ֣ȴֻǸϣĵսƭĪѪģ
ֱִʣᣬֱױȣһο覵սƭڣ޲𺳾ס
߲һѪǶ𡣲һϹߵĹˡ
ûײеģȴǵһμײеزġ׶εսۣʮȴֻΪ˴һսƭ
ߴ˴ҫǣգΧ顣
׶ɳ̣ıƶߴ·Ӷ·ͶŵıӶ·ʩ˼ѹϯܿͻҰˡ
ߵԴϢһ飬侲··ǹؼ
Ԯս٣սĻȻһıơ··ͣƾ·޷
Χκԣ˼һתɳ̣ʣߴţ··ж
ı;һ£ش𣺡·Լʮ·Լʮ򡣼߸ľţԼڶ·˾ʮ
Ҿ·ֻжʮ·ֻʣԼʮ򣬶·ԼҲ֣һЩϯ֮սģϴҲġ
Ԯ···ʮ
ѡ񣬰ǰߴųȥ···ֱĲˡ
սҪΧ··ֻһʹ´ࡣ
һǰ߹ٵó˰ܰΧսȺСĺô
ƣϣƾʲôԣڶʱڴ򴩶·
СͶսıͱ٣ͳˡϯ֮磬·ױ򴩵ģһʱܴ򴩵ġ
֪һ֧ǿսʱͶŶ·ɽս
ϣƾʲôôţ
ʱһҴҸ˵˼䡣ɫ΢䣬صողʵ·˶߸ŷֱǣһڶʮһʮʮԼڶʮһ߸š
ڶʮһţһ֮ǰûư
鱨ڶʮһǳŵľ齨
߾ŭѹֽôԭûͶŶپ
Ҳݣ
ϣģҲ̫ݶˡʮҲϳ
ãɫʱ񼯽ᶫ··Ƿַӵ£ڻҾŶϾ񣬸Ͳá
·Ҫʧˡ
߲˼ϷųһսͳϽһ֧ʮıؾţ跨ĵо跨Է
ϳ··ʱ֡
صĴ󺰣壬Ԯ·


643 սĲʽʤ
ϱ֮սĴսһγĴսû֧Ӵľӵľսա
ϣԵһڶ׶εսۣսթһ˳齨ʮһšڶҪսĿƭ
ӵ׶սۣϣĵһϵսսãƳ뻯˾ķɣʷľս
ϣˮ©ķʽ˼أﵽ޷ľ硣ڵ׶սУõĸս֮
ϣǾ޵һɱ½ս󣬸ɽϿʱ׿ڳϵġ
µı½ϣǸϣĵˮ׼Ҳδܻܸϣġ
׶սۣǸϣİսõ뻯ν߹ʱ̡
֪ϣĵһϵսǱ߻Ƴġ

ϣؿţʿŭʽ棬սԾĸ߷̻ҲĿֻҪ
ҸʱʮҲҪ򴩶·
̻죬Ȼ˾ϣĸûһ˿е˵Ҹʱһ͵ش㣡
ϣĵľģ쾡¡̻л˻ȥֽչһȫǲҪķơ
ӪѾתƵ·ˡϣԶսڶ̶һڣѾԴܲ˵ͳͶ˧
ϣѪܵͷ­־ڱصõľġ
ֻǰˡ٣һҪ򴩶·
ǿ·ƾڼ··սݡ··ļϣĶԴǣҲʲôҲ٣ȫ⣬ҲҼס
˭Һ󳷰벽͵ش
ѪȵĴǣصĲصˣȻˡսΪؼʱˡ
··죬޵һͶķʽͱƾͱؾԹս
·ѪܵѪĥһĽɱ˫ı
ϣٶ·սڶʮһŷǿʱڰ۵ͬ£Ԯ·ĹУ־ء
ıáŭûפ־۲֪ʱȻսˡ
ɫУ⻪ҫܡ
һϢȫ־ۣۣѧʿԼڡ൱ǿĶ飬Ƽ߳ɵĸ߶
ûлᡣ
ǰûлᡣ֪ûѧʿһȫЩδؾѧʿǾ;ˡ
˵ҵ˶Ըҵİ취εץͷƤ
ȻҲмɵڸ߶һζԾֻۣڱ
ۣͳͳռٵģҪ˵ΪƴǾƨɵԣֻأǶ֡
Ԯ·һ
߿ЦϣһĻ쵰Ҳ̫ˣ壬ȥ֪ͨϯ֮
˵һҲ
ûذ꣬һֻҪ߲ȥǾͲ֡ı飬Ǽɵս

սУԳ˳·ڵһҵ˶սϯ֮
ȡҸ㣬ȫ߳ˣ
ˣϯ֮ըˣҾˣ
국ؿ߻˵ͷԷȣҰԴȡ졣
ϯ֮һǺ죬ҵİ죬ʹؿǰߣݺݵ˦ȫˣ
ԳȻϢУΪ·Ϻ
ս󣬱½Ϊϣķĵ׶սۣƶ·˲õİ취ȴǵʱΨһİ취ڱذܵǰ£ıȫ˶·
ϣĲ߻ĵ׶սۣʵǰսõõǷ켫ƾذܡǹϵġ
ˣϣ΢΢죬԰׵ϸһƺ󣬿Եڶʮһǿ·һڱս
ڶʮһʱ齨ľţǸϣͷľԾ
ߵжϣڻҾŸǶ֡
ձ黮Ϊơ
ձռɣԼΪɣձǽɵģԼһɵɡһɫɵģٵÿ
ǱΧڻҾŵһս飬ĺѶԾӲ̫в
ڶʮһţǳŵľɵġ߱ΪǿսǿУԻ屶
ϯ֮Ķ·ڶʮһΪߴ̵ʱܣ򴩣ʵעġȻҲἱææԮ
ϣһЦݣսصʬ壬нʹȳһѪĨһŵĿٲӣ׼
ϯ֮Ķ··ˣȫ׷ϣȻϧ۾ѻȴԮȫߡ
ϯ֮Ķ·򱱷ˡϣиһ׹⣺Ǿͳڶŵľ׷ͷء
ܿ죬սأ˧·򱱳ˡ
ڶţϣĺԥһã
ߣ㿴ҵĿ
ϣҵĿԣȳһѪѪɫٲΪͷӣȫ
·

Ԯ·ءʱ߾ʹſ˸ϣĵһϵг뻯սսԡ
ϣǿ·һ·һǱƾȱڣռλáȻ󣬹·
ɫʵЦһͼĺͶսһим俪
ϣûսȱսǿ·ǿϣĲҲ޷ǿͻ·Ӷ··ͻƣ⡣
ϯ֮磬ڵĶ·Ϊͻƿڡң·Ϊɽ׷ģȫλơ;ڶ·ηΪơ
·ĵкܴĺôһͶսܻܿսû˵Ҳ֪սȱ¼սλָϵͳǳֻʺϴžս
絹һϣ治Ǿ޶Ȼôضȥˡ
·֮ܣӵ׶ս۷һ̣עˡκҲûԮ£ӵоԾ·
ܿһ㣬·ˣرѾǱѡΨһ취ˡ
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ϣѡ߷ܹ֮ǰȲ߻˴սӶȨƻߴӺȺȴ⣬ģͶսһΧսԾս
ռ·Ӷ··ϳ̧ͷ¶֮ɫȻơ
ĥϣڶĲڹעһ
߲ܲ̾һֻῴռơܿսһ֮¶
ȻֻиϣĿذܡܿһ㣬ϣľԲ˲ҵܹ
ľսǸϣıƳģܰʤ
֪ϣĶĵʲô
ҲϳҲ֪Ƕ˵
ϣĶĵǣߵڻҾŲ޾ġ
ĵǣֻһսţûиࡣ
Ҫǣģ߲Ϊ˱սš
ϣӶ·ֱ·սҪģҲĵĽ׶սۣҲս۷ˡ


644 ս
ҹزסɱѪȣɱǽϡˡ
âҫӪ̧ͷҡͷɫ׼ȷжʱ䣬һֱûյĸ߼ܡ
˲ıʱ䣬һ£ͷ֮ȫ߷Ѿʱˡ
ңʱ··ƣֲģһֱ͹ƣ˵ˡ
ڽʾͬ⣬ǱƾڻҾŽսҲӶڻٵƣˡ
ϣλʲôսĿģ
룬ͷҲأϣĶ·һ£жٱж٣սսʣ٣
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˧㡣ϯڸϣٶ·ûܸо̫̻ԼΪɣϣĵԼΪһɡ
ԣ߲͵ûɳ̱Ե
ԣ̻ڶԹսأսϣʵһ߸ŵս
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УŵľԼΪʮԵڶʮһŵľԼΪʮ֮䡣̻Լʮսʱƣս
㣬·ͷԤƽڰʱִԼһʱԼһʱ½ִ
⣬˼һᣬȻ·󳷰͵פȴʱǰ塣һ٣ϯ֮Ҫһ㣬Ӧ䣡
ع䣬ڰˣھţԮ·
ϳԾ˧һ·͡
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˧ս·˧·˧ͳͳ漱ԮûԮ˧˧ϣ˧ˡ
ϣĲǲ֪··ܿ࣬սʱشƣȻģʯĳǣǵõҵ򣬰벽Ҳ󳷡
˧̻¶֮ɫ
ءսܾܲͿǡϣε̾˿··벻ϧ۵ĸҶס߳ս
̻սȻһ飬Ȼ˧һߴ··ǿͻһ㣬ǰ£ǣǾ͡
ᡣһǲƾǰ¡ϣ۲ͶսݵģһѡͶս
ǵģƾƾ飬ƾߵϰߣƾߵ磬ƾϣĵֱţһǳս°Χ··
ʮ·ϣĿߣһᣬҲû֣սսǳԡϲս
Ӵսĵһ죬һֱսĺȺ£ʹҾ󣬻СȺͺȡȻͶսиҾǰΧҾ
ҷһ㣬һֱע⣬ҲС
ϣһ߿ԣһ΢ЦҫžǣΣԸ
Ҿ··һԭزʯһͶս
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ϣҹɫû֣̻ɫҰףȫ
··ԭһֱӡ

·
ѣ˴Ӫʿƣľ͵һԸ˯ˡʵ̫ˡ
ʱǿȵսʲôӣǸģҲˡ
˧ӪУʿƣģһѪ˯һʱ£ʿǶ̫ˣϢһɡ
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ϣĹ¶·󣬾ûҪǼǿˡ·Ҳʱûз˼һӣеսԶȥˣʣ°
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ǷйıԹˡû˻ᵱ档
һһһͳ£ôҳ񻯸ֱӲսƲңǿҲҡ
ԹһǲҶ񻯸ֱӲսģؽҰԽ󣬾ԽҡеҲ׸ˡ
һںȻһʲô
ˣȻ΢΢Ĳ𶯵ƵԽԽ˧ɫһӱüΪѿ̧ͷֱӺҹ
һֱգ飬ûҹһᣬȻΪ˻֣ս
˧һ죬ѪɫǺͶսˣϣؿڣһս飿
𰸣شһ˧ػ
ļս飬ʮ򡣡
ʵǿŵʮս˧Ǻš
վ޵Ļ֣Լơ
ؾźǿţΪƾšһɫһһǾϡ
ؾƾǿҲƾֱǣǧھǧ־һھ
ǧн׵־Ϊŵźϣɿһսߡ
ʮͻΪսԻӣĻ
ͳϽʮǿţƽ··ʱ
Ҳ·ͶͳϽʮǿš䣬·ƽΪƽʺų棬߸ͶŵģٲȻһ붼Ǿ
ʮͻΪнסʮƽūΪϽףʮ½׵νպա
·󷽵ԭҰϣͳ˧ʮʮ򲽱ޱ޼ʵ˳ɹĽض··

ϣӶ·ֱ·սҪĵĽ׶սۣҲս۷ˡ
ϣĲ߻һϵսۣ˵޷죬ĳ˾ķɡս󣬴ɵı½ҲϣҲδñȸϣĸá
ʤ
ϣķ˾߹⡣ͳʱƾʩӵѹذܵľƣʹϣļǵһϵսۡ
ûܱøãһϵеսУûз
ϣĵĶ֣ߣһǾ޵һ½һϵгɵսۺҲƾС
ǡ
ûзһӮ
ϣĴ󣬾ǶһĶ֡һƵĺĻ쵰
ϣĲ߻ǰ׶սۣǷǳɹġ
Ľ׶սۣǸϣƽԻͣΰҲ߹ʱ̡
ͬһγͷβʧܡս˶һΪսۣûпʼѾˡ
Ľ׶սۣҪģսۡ
ǸϣâɣҲʱ̡


645 ʼʱתս
賿ʱ֣·ٲӵִ౱·ʮ͵ȴ
ϣϳ׼˧ֹˣ··£ٳʮ
賿ʱ֣ȻϮ
££죬һ߳ˣһ̧ͷ᲻ѩ
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ˡߣȻϲսҺ·ϣһ𣿡ϣĳĬֱӺҹƺҪҹҵߣܷʤڴһ٣
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谵ĻУͱƽʿɽһ¡¡ǰƽȻ󣬵˴֮ľֻʣһǧ׵ʱ
ȡ˵ꡣнʿӭżǰٳ档
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־鲫ɱʵҰսǹսûһ˿һĻɣֻд
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ڣ˶ᡣڸϣĵϣԶᶮãǲòµĶע븶Ĵۡ
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ϣĵЦţڰ֣ǵѪҲ˲ã··ΪһפԭأǣսһϤϣ·£
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һᣬǰȻõλߵۣӺڰг֣޼ĵ˧ҵģн֮ܡ
ϣֱӶԷϮɱߣȲѵѡϣ׼ˡ


646 ķ
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ȴǽϳʽ䣬ĹƣԼһı࿴һۣͬļƺҪܡ

սûгˡ
ϣľȻǰʮʿսںսΪĴʵĶˣֻ͹ؾս͹ߵ
صһȻ³һڲãԸֹ̻ͣԮ½˱
׼ˣ
ˡ׻İˣ׻ûת
ϣĺֱܰӺҹһ㰡һ㰡Ͳ˵תˡ
ߵսܳһ֣սһ㣬ͻ·ȫɱ˱ƾ
Ҳݣ߲һ˹ˣȴҲһ˵໰һˣϣ쵰
սһսһ㡣ǣ·ȫɱ¾ƾ
˸ϣĵһսͼýϳ޲ľ
·ƴƾʮһشƾϣľǲҰܣҲתΪսʤ˿ް
ףΪʲô֮ǰȥһ࣬ϷŴûڸϣռˡ
ãϷԸϣģܵĳŹһ࣬õը
ϣľôѿСɵı½Ƕôֲ
ǱĻһս£߶ʱëȻž˵ķ֡սǶȣױϣ걬˰ٱ顣
ϣĵĵһ׶սۣɹŤתƵƵת䣬ʹƾʮĶѻȡ˴սȨ
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׶սۣϣĶõսеأ˸ֻûģ׶Σӷһ̣ƶ·ذɡ
Ψһģ׳ʿ·󳷡ⲻõģȴΨһİ취
һϵеսۣǸϣΪ˵Ľ׶ս̵ۣ档
źϣĳһϵʷľսսԣȴӭһͷβעʧܵĵĽ׶սۣҪģҲսۡ
ǰߣȴӮģҪսۡ

ܣЦʤȯգųĹս飺ͺţչ·ʮȫѹϣ
ʱսΪΪʮ
ϯ֮󳷵Ķ·ߵ£ǰ壬׼ϵ··
ϯ֮ǰͻΧǾȫûˡ
ϣİȻͷȣ˧˧벻ϧ۱ϣ·£Ϊ·Ϻ󡣡
ǰ߽ʿ٣
һıȻʮаһʮһǰ߱ƾսסһʱ޷󳷡
ϣ̧ͷҪһʹľˣޱĽ߷̻ϣԶΪ·ͻΧϺ󣡡
ⲻǡҸϣģ
̻ؿսаۣһֲĴ˸ϣĵĻ
ᣬ֪ʱ͸ա̻˳Ϊ転ͽһᣬûڣһӣߴ˧ԸʮһʿΪϺ󣡡
ڰĻȥˣ̻Ȼף˫Ķôһսͽȴ޵һûĺӡ
˵˵ıݡ
̻þòת̧ͷϷ۾óѪ
˧Ҵʧ
̻Ȼγս棺λʿ汾һɱ
໺ţһɱսʮ˻սĴսһ˻һܿͱɡ
˧·Ȼ·âܼƶʮϣ·£
ɫúǹŹ֣˵ľ塣
ߺȻĬˣûͷûԵĻͷɨڽһۡϳڣһнͳͳվֱˣֱͦˣǹһ¶ǿ־
˧벻Ҫ͹ǡǱ˵־Բκˡ
Ϻ󣬾·һ
Ƿ̻ȻȻâԶԸΪϣģߣʵΪ·Ϻ
ңһ᲻ôһˣ᲻ᰮԸԼĵز
һЦ˵ļЦıȾ޺
۰ᣬ̾ϣĹϣᡣ죬ʮȻְ··ӡ
Ϊ˵ǶϺ󣿲
Ӹϣ·˶ΧСսȺȵһ̣··ͳΪӣע·һ
ϣʾֱ·öٴαӣͶսǣս
··ʮϣ˵ͷֻΪ˴սĿꡣ
ߺһܹϵģһ쵱Уϰӣءϣģ֮ľ
ս佫Уֻа̶ֳ߱ȵʡ
˧ϣҪӡǷ׷
ҡͷûҪǰԼĲΪδսɨβˡӲġ
ţ࣬ʮսϷڻҾţţƾ֮һǿš
ⶼܱϣͻΧ߸Ըԡ


647 սܣ˧˧
Ϯ
սȻɽХɱҺֽסıŷ
ˣҲǲסϣĿôǿᣬߵ
ʮսһբĽض·ȥ·
֮ǰеúŲ·չʮȻϢóʮĿλࡣ·ΪɣһԮΪϺ
һ·޷ٶಿγǣƣһսһֵķߣݲȵļս
ⱻΪǸϣһϵս۵ļıУµһУİ
ǵģ
罫ձΪϣڳ˵ʱ򣬲··ֱϣ׷սĿռ䣬Ϊ·Ϻ
ֱ··޷ٶİʮսγսǣƣʹϣͻΧʱҪԸӴս
ȻܶཫΪϣûѡ񡣺ܼ򵥣··ֱϣʵʩͶϺ󣬸ϣĵᱻߵһ֧սؾģʮ׷ս
ֱϣҪϱߵսֱϣҪԱߵս
׷սսһ·˺󣿸ϣʵһѡ
һĴġ
ȻʣµһǼϵġ
ͻΧǰߵ⣬ϱ򣬶ͻΧؿǣͻΧǾ뻢ڡ
ϱߣߵİʮսȥ·񡣶ߣϯ֮һʮһʱᣬʵûǰ嵽λ
˶ΪϣΨһĴ󣬾ѡϷͻΧ򶫡
û֪ϣΪѡرصϷͻΧȱڵĶͻΧ
սжٴ⣬ûˡ
ʵ֤ϷͻΧһͷβʧܡƣʮ·һͷײǿţͺܿײͷ
ǰΪԵˮ©ķߣսû·κͻΧĻᡣ
ʵȫȻûϣķ֣ಿͺŲ֮䣬Ȼһ
Ȼϣȴλͻƽū֧ԤӣǴˡ
һǺţһࡣһսһսƾھ־
ߵĵϣڱսƵ£⻹ͻƺź࣬߸Ըԡ
ˡ
ϣڿ˼øսȴȻͻΧźԲͬķʽ⡣
ߴս죬Ȼ˵ˮ©ϣļֱš
ˡϣĻ˿ĬĬ죬ȻҪٴˡ
սˡ

ƾӪ
߳Ծǰڣ˵Ǹϣģ
ڲдǰλͳ˧֮μǷرˣǵġ
ߺȻһЦɨڽǵһ֮ˣû˸ҹۡϾһɫʵĴʡ
Ǹ˧š˧֮ǰȻսܣͻΧ裬㽫Žˡ
ȡüŶ£
ϣߣἰһϾۣһɱߡ
ŵĩβһ䣺սǺͣ
ۣǴ˧ʲô
ڴ㵣Ծͷ˧˵Ըս򲻱ض˵ȫսԸͣ˧̸
Ͼۣ
񽫣ɣ֪ĺ١޵УӣɱǾ֪޷Ǿۡ
˼ת˭˼һЦЦȥ߸˧ҵ
ˣ̧߲ͷ塣
Сһ֣߰Žǡһۣذסһɱһ
ûô򵥡ҡͷϣҪЮҡҲӦҪͻۼ롣
С۸üѾչֹ㹻ǿˣصΧ϶Ƕ֡
ò˵ϣĵҪЮĺڵϡ
СϣĵҪ󣬲̫Ѱ죬ǾͲӦǼһвҪˡһ۶ϣǸоˡɱߣҲ˲Ӭһġ
ɫǳȻΪȻ
ЦЦϣȻҰ۵ɳ룬Ȼұۣʵǿ
Ϊ˱סʿϣҲ伫
ϸ룬ߺȻʣҾĿǰжٷ²
ϳһӻʣ̻һ֣ȻâϺһ֡ǰץһЩ϶ʮ²
߳ԾŶ̻ˣ˧ϣ˶٣
ʮɣϳҲ̫̫϶
һЦ׼һ£ѷ̻ǰӶ˧Ѻ
Ϣ͵һͷţߴһڣһתۣ˲ϤƮȻΣ
׼һ衣һº۽̵֡ؿŰ˲˴͵ӣЦ
ˡ
̧ͷӺҹգ

ᴩɫգܿ
ϣվںɫУº͵˳һͷһ·Ĩһеƣͳͳõ
Ȼ󣬸ϣһߡһѧʿۣ־ۣ죬ಽ
߻ףɨӴӪڽ̤ǰ
ߺ͸ϣĿ£ȻڴԼʮ׵ľ룬פ㣬
ݣ벻Ȼᣬη
Ǹ˧ʿȣ˺ۡ
Ϸͳ˧ߣͳ˧ϣġΪ֣һƬڴϣսһࡣ
գǶ״μ档Ȼû뵽˵ĵһμ棬Ȼʤѷֵ¡һʱĶΪпꡣ
롣ߵ΢Цͬ棬롣
룡ϣʿҲ˹
˫˫һ鰸ߣ߿ҲûϣĵӣЦ˧ֱ⡣
ҲáϣЦˣδı棬Ҳ֪λֵϰߺ磬ֱӵҾԸ֪˧ܸʲô
Ʋ죺˧ͲˡߵһΪǻѡ񣿲Ͷǻжսս־ܴȥ𣿡
ϣɫ԰ףȴЦЦսˣȻȴûʱ֮ƾ𣬲˧Ҳսʧ
·ܼƻһбܽƴʲô
ȻԶ˲裬Цֻһ䣬ܴ𣿡ϣĳĬˡ
⾰սһϱߣһڱߣ򡣱ƾ··ϯ֮ǰ岹λаʮ
Լʮһбܽγ˶ĸĳװΧ
սĸ֣ѾƲɵˡ
ϣɫ꣬з֮ٶλ񻯸֡ıٶ࣬Ҳ޼¡
ƤӣǺðǾͻɱɱҵĽʿɱİա
ϣĺߴ׺Ȳ裬ⴿƤ϶ƨҪҶ񻯸ֱӲսǾûҪϹˡ
һᣬȲķΣϣĲŵҿȫͶһҪ󡣡
ſߣö·ˡ


648 ĻףΧ
ЦҹĻС
߿Ц˧쿪
ǲ쿪֪ϣľȻҲЦˣһЦһԣ־£˶С
ҪάסϲľƣңˣͲϱ档ﵽޡ
ϣһڲ裬ЦЦȻһʮ򣬾ҲѹסϲҡһʮһΣյ֡
ƺһ־ڰȨҪڱǰάϵסϲȶ
ƣࣺ˧ȻȻԶ
Ȼһ¡·ߴţľŻȥǾ͡иоϣ׼һ㡣
δʤǰܡ
ϣĽշܹǰѾתʧܺ·׼ľȥ
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ϳһɫʮܵĶ˧͸˧˵ķ̻Ȼâ˶ڣ׷ױѺ
Ħ°֣ͣͻȻճȭͷ
ͣ˧Դ
ϣķǳſסƤûг鶯΢Цߣʲô˼
º͵΢ЦĿɨӣ㣬ûʸҽ
ߵİŭ˸ϣеһԱ죬ŭ⣺ߣĪҪſΪʲô㲻Ǹ˧ô˵
ɫ䣬߸ʳָϳһһᣬ߰⴫׵ĲҺɽХһı
Լӵȣ޲ѣǺĽŭĿӣɱһѸ£ض޴
߶˲豭Ȼͷʮսʱɱһһѵѡ
ϴɱ㡣ԣϽɱϣǺɫߵ۾㲻ˡ
ߺȻ˧Ϊֻסҵֽţܼҵĵ¹
ϣҡͷûϸֱͣΪ߾ĳɱ£ҲԻгϵ
һ٣ϴɱ˹ˮ㡣λȨأڱƵһ죬˲ϲ
ŶȻµƵ۸ɵģ߳Ծʱӽһŭ˧ĪҪƭˣһɱħɵġҪ˵ģ֤ء
ϸϸһڲˮ̧ͷĿ䣺ϣģǲҪھɱ²䣬Ϳһ£Ծ
ϣĵĴɱϾţ⼤ŭᵽһ˿һΣգ˹⼤ŭʹɱ
Ƶ۵İŰɡۣէȻЦĻͷؿһۡ
㡭Ӽ˵һ룬Ȼֹ
ȳǰɫĽڷû˺Ӻ󾱴͸
ЦЦ徻ˡ
ŭϣȴ˫һѹʾ侲Ǹʬ壬һĨһĨܿ

··װƾͶ
ϣĺܰ꣬ܳϿҵؿ˧ҵĳ⡣˼˧˧ƺ
ЦǺǣȻеȤ͸ϣľĳλ۵Ƥ¾ͳ۶ּۻӣԷȴ˿ûв
ȫΧսĸֲ赲ˡ
ϣΨһĳ룬ۣԼĴۡ˵ֱӲսҪЮߵҪЮ
һصۣ־ۣߴۣѧʿһǳµݡ
Ȼ֪߲ţϣĻôһɱߵĻ
ԣ··Ͷĳ⡣
߲ţȴ֪ϣûթ
߳ʮ꣬־¡ĸʹ֪ˡҲ˵鱨ŵĹߵϸ鱨⿿ԣϣҲ֪ǾԲԿˡ
ҪʱҪƤҪ£Ƶ£߶ó
ɱߣһܺõİ취ϣĲ򲻵ѣ᳢ԣΪ֪ɱߣǶôµı
ɱʮ£һŭ֮´ɱشһǰ֮ǿɰߵжûյ£ɵҲֻķݡ
ˡߵклĶôˡ֮սĺụɱ˴˵ʣôɺ̡ܲ
˺ûҶߵ¶֣·ߵˣҲܲǾͲǣĳЩ´塣
ɱߣõİ취ϣĲҶģҶһʿȴǧɶע
û֪һɱߣ߻᲻ͶһǧڻҾڡ
ϣһǵˣߣäĿҲ̫ŽʱɱߣٲߵΪֱӾء
ϣЦЦмֲȻֱߣң
ĨƽͷƣĿ⽻ΡȻ̾˿ųһߺź࣬ſ·ߡ
ϳüƽ󼱣˧ܾôǡɷ··Ҳܷ˶··ȫŵľ;
Ѿض˵߰ڰֹ֣ˡ
ϣĵ̾Ϣӻ֣ѷ̻Ҳˡ
ϣվǷһڵϥĴ񣺡ĳм˧ĳȫϺ·һǷ˷̻ˣֻ
ƽ첻ֻ÷˷̻ˡ̻˹󺰣˧
̻Ƿǵġϣ̹Ȼ΢Цۣߣ
˵꣬ϣĻ֣̹룡
סˣӹֽͣѸϣĸϣߣ
ȻǷһƵɭȻ֣

ߣ
־һץסˣΪâת˲Ͷҹ
һգۣϣĴ˵Уʣһۡ۶ߵɲǣԶƽ⡣
ϳһ󲨶ñΪһߵĻˡ
֮࣡ᴩҹ
һʺᣬȻͷһԾΪǻԣ£
ƺһŭķ༼ܣȻסˡ
Ǵ˷ӦݣҲһɲûӦСһԺȻϢеʱ
˲Ŷʱ춯صŭХϣģ㾹ҳϷ򣡡ȻǱϣĵɽ׳룬ȡ˶·ػ뿪
ĽС۵ȭ˲ۣԼҫϤ֣νǿޱȡ
˵ۣͳͳǳȻۼƵһ̶ȣȴҲΪµѹ
ϤڻϣɲǱֲĻžžžıűӣݻٷԲס
ƾ˺ǿкƶԷĻС۵ȭͰĽһжԷ
žͣһѪ
˻ϢȫסΪ
ߵ޲ɫ䣬Ȼۣ


649 ػ֮ս
ͻȻϢͺɽһһֺ׳۵ĸоһӾͷԾޡ
ɫеĹâһҫ۾ס
ҹ˶Ȼе޾ĿֲѹȻҪ̹ǡ
ԸصۼһȴһսĹ̺ͽģȻûߣ˼ͬʱ֣ƾӪڵرľϢ
һ߰˵Ϣ߹ϢٲȻһɫۣһȾףȻ۵Ϣ
ѵ˵ҰܣϣĶϮɱߣ׼̣
ûûۡǡ
Ըصˣ٣ϤİĴһ顣ʱ˾ֵؿ߰˵Ϣĵط
Īǡ˻ˣ
޿ܡʵֲԲУ˻ƣ͵Ľϡ
ĳһһɫװ۾⣺ߵϢϢں۽֡
߰˵ϢǺ۽֡ͳͳǳۣǰˡһѵĻᡣ
ȡһźɫƤסڿգΪֱڵĵط
ֹһⷽԲʮһתۣâٲȻһɫۣϤսصȥ
ϣûҶϮɱߣǶԵġ
Ĵ˻ʷһͳս£ΪԿ˻ʵģܶ˶
ʮۣҲڻ¡̶һĹЮԿ񱩵Ϣһֱȡߣ
СģۣһΧۣһߴ󺰡
ʲôΪһ㣬ӦΧСһЩʱž֣һ
ۼ׹ǣڰоͻǵ㣬׹ʯȺһҵĺߡ
Цɲǰν̧־һĹѴضˡ
Ȼ񷣡ʥ
⻪֯ߵŭһӹᴩأһһ·ЮؼĺȻ֮תΪһ᲻ƵĹĻ
˵ıѣɵ֮أһޱĴӡȻȴƺһһĻȻأս
ƺƮȻ˲䵯գһӶǹؽȶǹҡΣ׵ŤգȻ˺ա
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粽գս̧ͳ壬һ籼ףأ˵Ʋɵ
ƵÿҪѪһȻҲû˵ߡ࣬ѵ˿£
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ƺһ׹һ۴󺰣̨һߣ
Ҳݣֻۣһξ߾ŭŭЦųƺʱȱս顣
һִٷųʼʺ;ջУһ̫½ףһ̫нס
쵰Ҵүңɱɱģɽӣһ磬ˮĽˮһ͵Ĵȥ
һӽɱ⼫ΪԵļۣ́ͷЦԭһùĻ쵰
֮ѽջȴǷֲִ֮£ѡʼʡ
սȴˡ߳ס࣬һҧ֮ǾһԵս
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žһ£ص£Ǳһȭһ޴ޱȵĿӣȼ޾Ļ档

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۹ĵǱĴӻзɳŭĿӣߣڽˣ
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߼Х죺Ǿս
а˷кɨ˷ϣս壡
ʼһκ壬̧֣ˮ˵һ˵ˮˣȻǺɨ˷ϣԷİ˷Ƶ
κΣΪǲʵƺһͱУɼ׹ʮ⡣
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ע⣬ƺҲսһдˣƲأȴߡ
ûߵǣƣ߽С۵Ҳסۡ
۱һʮһͺ۴һһֱ߹
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ҵХҡ֮ϣɱݺʮ
ۻһŭģһɲǵȼɱ⣬ߣΪ㻹лᣡ
û᣿Ҳ̫СˡۣҪֽ࣬ȴһ׮˼£
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Ϊ֮صһ£־հѱ˶ϡ
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ĿХս壡˷ɢһתһݣΪӰתһݰ̫Ͻս顣
̧֣չָҡҷâ
һʱǳһ޹⣬ָ֮ŷǳһĹԣа˸Ӱ߸𣬾ʣϷƺشѪƴת۶ȥ٣
߸Ӱ߸еĵص㣬ʱһɰĢȽȽա
ۣ۾Ҫ̫ˣ
ߴ˴
۵ĿͶȻûһ˿⣬ȫǺơ΢΢һףתವһ¾ûӰˡ
Ĩͷ


650 
һһڣۡ
һɱߣΪսǱͻȻãȻ
µɣµ˭
˼һ죬Ӧʮü۵ϢȻս֮ġ
ϸϸһ룬߷ɶڰգ͵εܱȭһҾλˣĳ顣
ڵĶҹУӲͬķƮȻݣϵܣҵȻء
ߺһЦͱû¶ۣһĹâת۶Ȼ̧ͷ̧֣ɲ֮ڰ̽ĸԽһ£
һд裬ֹȻһˣտޱһ㣬ȴƫƫһë׶ƺѪϢ
һЦһѪң£Ѧӣ
߳ԾʼһЦԭѪӣǣ
ѪӵҲԼĪʮ꣬ȴԵᣬǿ˫һ©ͻ۵һˣңǡ
ѪһЦ˱͸õΪǲʹڡ
ʧЦλɱѪӾȻҲȤһأȴ֪뿴ѪӵЦǲ̫ء
ƣ룡
Ѫһ£˲ãӴѪӣԹԵȥˡ
ѪӵĵΪ飬һ൱ȷźš
еģеζ
Ƿ˻ʵģѪӵһе£ǵһֻΪѪɱԹϵĵΪһ
Ѫǵһ߻϶Ȼ·ⷴ˻ʵҲóȻվӣҪϸ࣬Ż½

սˡ
ҹʿʹӾʿͳͳͷɥڱƾ£İһͿ׶ںܴĿյϡ
һĹ򣬾Ͷѳ˶ʮСɽ
սˡսˡϣʿͷħһƴڽʿǻȥĥһס˺ʹĵط
Ӱ죬ڣǡһʮʱĹ⾰
ûڻҾţûսǿսһ죬ʿƣѲ
ܶཫʿǰѱһȻľȻģʬһ˯ظʱսӪֱӪһɣͻ˯ˡ
ʵ̫ˡ
Ҫ˵ƾʿҲƣˡսʤĺϢһӺ˷ܼһ˾ֻºܶҲᱧűԶ˯Źȥ
··ɽ˺ܼͷܶ
ʴӪ佫죬½·Ѳ飬ܶཫʿƣע⽫ʿǺսǵıůĪҪˡ
ΣЩ½
ΪɵľЩͷԴĻͷ
ǿУҾʿսһ죬ƣˡעⰲţϢҪѽʿǸˡ
ȴľҲ治١
··Ͷϵʮ˵ĴҪϸĵ˳ˡ
˳ԵģģģסģůġֱͼУִսߵսɣԼš
¹ʲôǹģ򣬾һżһ㽫춼ܴʮ򣬾һżƱҪ߼졣ʮǾ治һܹġ
ǹ鷳ˡοҪսҪΪʲô˵ͳ˧ʮģϵء
пռ챦ڹѹء
ٲ߶߶ĽһЩҪĩˣһǿûҵ˭ɱҾͳš
սɨβ൱顣
мޣֻ轻ȥˡ
߼Ѫһ棬ԸȻӪʣһԴڴϣ˯ˡ˵Ӱᰡ

Уϳһˣƿ񷡣
ñƾģһӾ»ָʿĻʤ
һϽͷϽڣǡԵӢǳ
Ӫһ·ߣһЩʿ˸߲ҵģЦȻо֮ǰսжôֻ࣬ΪӮһĻԼҲֵˡ
ʤԶĵġ
֣ӱ죬һӪ⣬롣
ϣһԲһЦ鰸һԣսˡ
ϣֱӣΰˣˣսֹͣ
ЦЦô˵һ׮¡
ϣĬȻͷͷϵһЩѩѩˣ
ǰѩˡ죬϶İɡȥϵѩ
ϣĵͷվһС¯ȡѩˮڻУ֪ҪҸ׼صһƷѩ衣ߵͷʾ顣
սˡϣߵĿǣӱ³Ϊ˻ʣһֱս޲ʤǵһδܡҲǾԵһΡ
ܶˣԺԺڸȰ£Ҫڱϡ
ǳЦ⵹˵ãбϵĺãȴҲʧΪһߡ
еˮˣϣҡͷֱ֧ϡ˻һͳ֮ս˻ʵĶ֣Ǵɡ̵ʱһͳޣðգΪǱġ
̫С̫ƫ̫ңʵ޸Ҳҡ»ʵ۳˻ʣ޸ǿս
ƣһһǸӣȻûˣ𡣡汳󣬲ı
̹Ȼҡͷϱ֮սǾԵһս䣬ǶްȨǷչռ䣬ĶޣǱƵġ
ϣ˸еؿС¯
սֻһСС⡣Ķž˸ϣĵĽҡ
ϣɱǱƻʵ߸㣬ͳϽķ֮ıȡñҪĴݣȨƣʵۻᡭ
ֱӴݻ룺ƻʵǹ˲˲ᡣҲᣬչˡ
ϣ𾪵ͺĬãɤ˻ƣҶˡڸǲסˣһսʧܣǱȻˡ
ˮˣϣһ˼꣬㲵סѩ׵ĲҶС裬ȡһʾһ£һںȵ
ҲǺˣ

ޣĳء
һεɽѤõĹ⻪ɽĸ׵ͷ϶ɲǱŷĽ
ɽУٲȻӵһΪĿռһ˻ŵѪıʮʬ壺ϣ˴࣬ĳѨ
δ֣һĿѻصɽУ磬Ȼм١Ҳ࣬ȴЩ֡
ϣߡУһڣһϳǷѪ
˲͹һȥܿ죬һĵ¿ռ䣬ŷѪĺһһεʯС
˷һɫҵ꣬Ҳˡ
ʯҵǽڱ¼㣬ǽ¶һεĻضѨѪûߵĶ
˲Խļң߹ȥ򿪻СѨߵĶȡ
¹˷棬¹Ѫͷɫҵ꣬¶ϲ֮ɫסȭͷõˡ
˲˹ĦᣬصĲʣչҲ֪һֱҪĶ
һᣬ˲̧ͷЦǵҵש֮áʮתתڻǻصˡ
˷ˣһ־Цϲϣ
˲ϲã̲סЦ
һˡ


651 ˣ
롣
߶˲豭ǳǳһڣپ㣬ֱȵĸоΪһߣظ֮䣬̹ޱȣɴޣһƷѩ裬ȻϼƷ
ϣƽս˽Ŀãеɵʵ˺󣬽˷ͶЧ㣬ϣĵսԴĺȫ档
˻ʣ߶ͱͬҪġ
ȱԿ˻ʵĸ߶˻ֱӶƽȱ˻ƽȥǿޱȣ˻ǿҲҷԭ
ɣͱƳ׳󡣡ϣĺƾߺͱֳ֮ǿԳΪ˻ʵΨġ
̯֣ԣĺϱ֮սȥϱ֮սεľǴɣͱƣ˭ʤ˭ܣԴɶԲ
Ȼ̫Զ첻֡ɹأѰٻߵĻᣬǴļˡ
ϣľȻЦˣ˴ս֮ʱʹɵսʼ֮ʱһЦսǰɽӪһ鱨
սüʣУооսȫġ
ϣĬˣ½ǵһʮꡣһսһḴ
о½ս䣬侫սԣƽιģϰĴսսսʱɣʱϸ˫
Ĩͷ̾Ϣԣ򣬾ҪһеζϤһ£ⱻ½ƨ
ǰûͳ˧սȱ顣ںʹɾսǰϱ֮ս֣Ҳһʵ
ѹ֡Ĵ򣬸ϣĴ㵣Цѣϸ̫̫ˡ
̾˧㽻֣һࡣлܳϿңϣҲֻпЦ
жٰգϣʡ
˵죺Ҫʱ䡣˧ʲôõĽ飿
ϣĳã̹Ȼӣ֣
۾һϸϸ˼ôĦԽƷζԽֵܲļֵ˵ǼֵǵҸ档оϿҵľ豭ϣл˧ѣ
ɸпϣźսֲʱգѾƾ۹ֱսƺơ

߷ľ׽֡
ϣվȡһƣһ£ûͳǰҺϲȾƣ֪ѣһʫġʱһҹܺȵһ̳ơ
Ȼͳ֮󣬾Ͳơ
ߺȻЦܶǰҶκȾƺȵ¡˺ҾͽҲȾˡ˵һ⡣
ҲϲȾƣƻұԣʧȥ侲˼оҲϲҸеΣա
ЦЦһ죬ºȾˣǾһûٰˣˣܷĵȫȫˡ
ϣİƣа𡣡
ֹ۵ʼ磺С϶С
ϣǳǳƷоƣ۾¶⣬ҲڻûͳǰЩӣҲֻڻָо
סƱߺȻʵûҪŻ
زȥˡϣûۣĬȻҡͷ
ҡͷδءսܣĩ·ɺ׳֮սܺ󣬻޿󣬵Ĳ̫ȻΨһģɫĴͳ˧
δʤǰܡߵ̾ϢӾսһʼ;ԼȥʵһʿӣоΣ
ϣۣαװİ꣬ǲסʹࣺˡԼɱˡ
ġˡ߳ĬþãƱϵ˧еֵ˾أ㡣
һ
ɫǳǳӪ߳
ƤСĺһ޼æ˧
߻ҡ֣΢죬๾һ·ϺſһƼ
ͣ̾˿˧ź£õ£õĹľߵĹȻ󡭡ؿ죺˰ͻͻļ硣
ƤСĺ;޴һϣˣ
סһƬѩָڻ̾ϢӾսһʼûҪ
㣬Ϊ˴սԣʮʿȻְʮʿӶо˰ʿս󣬻᲻
ƤСĺ;Ŀࡣ
ҡͷ֪۴սʤܣϣĶһľΪİʿһֱ
ϣ˵ģˡΰѰʿӵʱ򣬾ѾɱԼˡ
ھսһʼϣľѾսܵ׼Լвȫˡ
գһǿݣҲ£һͳ졣
һֵþصˡΣһΰľͳ˧
дѩѩͷףΪһС

սܣ𶯡
սһƼ·Ŀôս̺ͽٶȴȥ˵𶯣ԲΪ
ϱ֮սǧսĴսǾްȨһսֱӵ˵ӰǶһͳ֡
ӵ˵ߺͱƳ㹻ǿʵΪ˻ʵġأսı仯
Ĵ˻һͳưԵĸ֣ߺͱͻֱǴƣӰ켫ΪԶʵڲ˵ġ
ϽһʮʹӾһ
һµĴսֻδģսһ죬һ죬Ȼǣǡһͷһβսۣյʤܡ
Ϊƾͳ˧ƽһͳ˧սıֱΪȦɵ㣬ҲΪǳޣһһ㣬ʵкܴ顣
ڴսУԱľþΪ֮֡
˵ͳƣ߳˲ǧڻҾţսһʮؾֻһ룩
Щ̫ˡ
ɹԼսʮ߹ſߵ£ӵһ
Ϸսʮսĸ£ս൱ͣΪƾȫԪ
ڻҾһǧ߰ƾս
һĻԻʹݡ񣬿ƹâɣȻȥڸǣҲڸǲסϣĵɹâεΪսҫ۵ˡ
ǲսսܿսذܡ
ڰδ¶֮ʱϣľͷֱذܣƾ޵ĲŻһŤתǰ׶εսۣ覵սսΪľսս
Ľ׶սۣעҰܵģȴǡǡǸϣĿΰս۷ҫʱ̡һսٳ˾սתơ
ӱذܵĴУϣĶһսϧͰҲӿհ״֮ĴٳᡣһǾתĻᣬһǲʤʤĻᡣ
ʶ·񣬼мƾһɹƱؽԪʧڲܶܡ
ûôսתһġ
ֻһݣս֮
ƾսһϵоʾ޵սսԣȥĸϣĳΪʷΰͳ˧֮һ
ҲϣĲϲ
Щ۵ʱ΢̣˵Ƿ̣Ǳʲô
˵仰ʱѾƶս


652 ӣ
޺ͱ޵򶼺ˡΨкޣˡ
ɽƵɽУů紺Ľ˸еů
У鲼ʻ̲ݣɫéݱԵɽȻγɫǽ
ǧܣʥ̾ϧ
УéǰʯʯǰһŵӷɫҰڣʤϧ̾Ϣ
һֶеʣ޷ģ£Ҳ޷ƣһɽһ棬ᣬԵᣬĹôһϡ
ȴҪ˵׳գɱ۵˵ġ
ǰλìܣһɽһӣǳ֮꣬۵Ǹˡ
ЦˣǸпδǧܺͽʥ֣һϧ¡
˵񽫡ҼһΣ֮һΣ˶ûȫ
ɱ䵭֪񽫡ˣα˵ЩȥȥȥͲȥ
û𻰣˵һ֣ûʤûܡ
ɱɫ䣺ˣңϣܺȼˣ
С޵Уɱӣ磬ɢңȴúܺãУ񽫡
ɱӰΣڱ񽫣Ͼ֪ûдѪˡ׿˵ġ
Ѫ壿ʲôأӾȣƺ̫̫ңԶˣܶණѾʧˡ
ɱǡ֪Ѫڣʸ񱻳ΪѪ塣
һ٣ͷ㾿ȥȥֻһ仰
룺Ҽǵã˵ɱΪβȥ
ɱ۵ӿһɱǼһΣ˴Ը̫Ӳ࿴Է̫˳ۡһ𣬰˳ɻụ
ⳤ룺ΪʲôҪȥǷǸߵ顣ҡ
˻ʡɱǿ
ⳤӲΪȻ˻Σ˻ҲҶҴȥ˻ʸ֮ϣ˻һͳ£ҺθɣԿѵˣ϶ûҡ
ɱ۵ɫ࣬İ𣺡ЩϾ治
̾㲻ңȴ֪һ޳Ͼôġ̾˿Ҫʲôʲô˭㾴η㣬޷ˡ
ǰ·ˡԳһ޳ϾǾ£׷ˡ
ɱ۲ϾȴԼƷζӵļȡһû׷ľʣ¼ȺȤˣʵû׷µġ
ɱҡͷ˦Цվ㲻ȥͰˡ
ҵҪһ¡
ɱ֮ǰ߽һ仰Ц˵ҵۣҵ֮·
ӺȻһӽӲסڵһʧһץסɱ۵ļ۾Ź⣺û˵棿
㲻ҪɱЦ˦һȥơ
ЦˣЦ󣬾缲籩һһдʣ֮·֮·
˹Ȥ£ûӲ룡

ƣս
߲䣬֮͸ޱȣȣϰߵĶšоܹ֣Ϸս˴ȱ䡣캮ضĶս
ֶǧƵǺģûֹѲµļ󡣵ȻҲֻ߲µһǲֹ˸ڡ
ΣʼҪֵġ
նƼģɵòͳҲ̫ʣг©ĵطǾ仰ܶʵͳޣĲŻ
նͳǱһ߹ʮһҪע棬һ߻ҪսսǶָͨսҪһЩʱ䡣
սǧնζپѹԵо׵սɫһˣֻ±ǧﶼ֡
սܣϷƽս¡ڶƣƵۡ;Ժ߱ϵζսͳ˧߾ܾˡ
ߵ˼ܼ򵥣ϷսˣҲͿԣˡնӦսԽԽãնᡣ
־£Ҳôδζͳ˧бҪڶͳŵľͳ˧
ĩˣƵۡ;ԺˡȻĶս£ǣ͵߱϶սΡ
ߵְǶսָսȻʵʲôʡ
սܣʮһѮΪսɨβɢʱսλ㹦͵ȵȣǨôսɫĽ졣
һЩæµʮ졣ĩˣųƣӦɼ߼죬һ񻯸ֱϡ
ƾϱ֮սȫߴݣȡñİԻʤڱƣޣ죬ܼ
һٵ춨ߵλǱͷڱϷŵ֮ߣһ졣ڱƣҲֱƵۡ
ϱ֮սǹϵʮشս֮һԲĴۣȫӰ֮󣬾
˵ɵ˽˵һôʲôôɹ
ɵǲ˵仰˵֪ϱ֮ս𶯣ϴľǴɡ
֮߱ʱɾͼӴӿ˶Ա߸ľжµֱ˵ǰ½Ͱ
½Ͱ𸴣äҲԵߡ
ɾãĴټ·߼죬оζԸսҲʲôܡ
ܱΨһ˴ĵضԴߺȻԼǲӦýһأ
߱϶սЮԼĺպսֱȫߺʮڳһɡҲӡ
Ȼһ˵ĵųôһͣһΪЦ
öʿĻ˵ǣ˧ûͷ¶棬ͰѶŻˣȴ˧¶棬ŵöӡ
ڱȻ޹ʿ˲֪Ūһֻڹ꣬ǰ߶ԶڹꡱֱѶóӷࡣ
Ĺﾾս£δʣ㱱ϸʲôأ
æֻöһɵ̾Ҫ棬æ
æʲô
ˣץͷƤƺЦЦеһߣ
Ŷһ˲

ƣǣ

׵ĺУھǵա
ȼգΪƾǵװع˼ֲɫʡ
ǰգ׳ŵɫ׷Ȼǻͺ̵ط˴󺰣һָǻʹ
˴Ϻöڷɣһںۡ
һֱϷݴĻеİǣȷŭЩȥսڻŭŭֱһǶʹɵģٲȻġ
޷Ǿñ²ھǵʱ򣬸ҡͳͳǻ쵰
ǰǲ´ˡ
ЩȻɱƾǣŰˣǴɣ붫ϸϵǶˡᡣ

ϷսؾûΰʹֵؿžǴȼĻͷջٵķݣɱĻӵܣĺ
һӰȻϢĳ֣һѴ͸῵Ļžһ¾Ͱ῵Դˡ
©֮㡣˦Ѫˮɱ
ԱϮɱΨһפھǵѧʿж죬޷ԮҲ޷塣
һ죬Ǵǻ棬Ѫ
ЮԹ¾ƻ壬̶̰죬ܳƽӹıƻ屻ɱ
УΪһڣȫ˥ֻʣһۣҫ
Ѫһ죬Ǳƻա


653 䣬ƻʴ
ƾ֮ңԷһٶȴΪ֮Ծѡ
ȼյģѪһ죬ƾǣС
ԱգĻԱϤһΪƵա
޼ɵоþ޸Ϊ֮𾪣Ϊ֮ĿҲΪ֮ıߡͻϮģǱƣǣִܷ
ߵľش֮һ޵ߵͻϮ磬ˡһʱƺͷޣȻ˾ҲŭˣΪհ˻
ڱ˵һʹһ졣
սնµĸ߼죬ٵʿǣ޲ŭ롣
֮ңУͻϮģǹԱͻΪǸ󣬺ƽסһ顣ԣ󣬷ǹԱͻأߡ
ƽߣԱ塣Ŀġ
ǶѩͷףȼĻͷûɢѩϨˡȻĻôһѩӵĶһջٷݣʧҲ֪ᶳء
ˡѹֻἤŭˡ
Ȼƾ֮֮Ŀ࣬ΪͱĿģٲȻǻ˥ܡ
û֪ͱƻжĳޡ
ΣͻϮҪĿ꣬˶ǧֱϵͷֱϵԱ˴ξ֮ңѱҪԱһɨ⡣
Ҫ˵ڵֱϵߴŴڵģҲʣССϺֻ
֮䣬ƻ壬ʣһҫԼĸӵһĻ𡣴ʮǰڣʮ𣬿ٵ˥
֮ңЧӦ١
ԱС£ֻҪλã㺦û뵱٣ؼǻ̫ˡ
ʮδңƻ嶼ˡһΣʮǰı䣬һĲ࣬Ҳ٣Ĳ١
ڶʮǰңƵּǲ;ҵĻҺݣϤ⿳ͷͿҹ
Σǽˡ
ϸ˵˺Լˣ޲пƻ浹ù͸ˡ̶ʮ꣬δ¼ñƻ˴
İ꣬Ա̫࣬ΣҪԱˡʣµССϺҲûʲô˵ġ
ȻҪǣ˵Уӡ
ӱɱ߻ʧ١
ƵαˡûˣҲûʸ̳лλ
Ƽ̳˵⣬ѸٳΪ˹עĽ㡣

ƺǣ¶ǧŰҵ⡣
ϱ֮սͳһսȡҪİȨƣһͳޣָտɴ
ƫƫʱ˾֮ҡ
Ƶˣһֱܲ˭δ̳бƣ
ںܶ˵λ֮һ϶µıңҲʲôϡ¡λ֮Ҳű̲
ڽʱյıƣȴ⣬ûм̳˵⡣
Ƶ߸ӣӣӺӣʮǰ½ȥȻǲǲģǾûҪ̽ˡ
ʮǰң˶
ȥ꣬ĻǰѲ飬ʸͻ֣ĻӺͻƵŭԴΪ˧ʧٴλǳ
ʣͱߴһӣԼԼʮµ߻ӡ
֮ңӱɱ߻Īʧ١
ƵֱϵʮУ⡣
λǸûкѡˡ
ʣµĻԱƵ۵Ѫ̫Զˣб£ģڹȥεıУ½ðͷˡʣģѪԵԶܣָ
֮ҺƵ޷ټѲӣתǡ
Ƶۻڷص·ϣƻ͹Աڻ̻̲˸һƺһҲ˽ۼ̳ĵ⡣
ƾƴãԿɡûһõļ̳ˣкþ棬Ƶ󣬻һ
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ЦҲΪ߻ǰ̫С˻ȥעСĻӡ
ƵһֱϣһֱȴһֱûĻӺӵͽˣʹ󣬾Ͳ̫ʺϼ̳лλҲˣ߻꣬Žע⡣
괹ףûҿߣˣڸҪã߻ӵġ䡣㿴Ǹô죿
ֻڣҲֻӻʵۣڸȨֻ˵Э̺Ҫû취Ȩ̫󣬻ʵбҪάֻȨϣĸĬϻʵĻȨ׸档
껰еΪڸҪ
ЦЦңΪʲôң꣬ʲôҲ߻ӣٺٸЦû֨
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ŮһֵԺŮˣǱİ⣬ɫš
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һ߿ǰߵɱһϧ˵һʵܹһأһ㣬˵ܴ󵨵ķȨòսҲͲǿϸˡ
Դһ죬Գ͹Ƶȣ˼صͷ
ҲȻȻ߹ɫĽ죬Ϸնֵûܵսĸ߼죬ţҲҷš
ҲǡȻȻЦ˵ƾ߳ɳɫĸ߼죬ǳҵϷս
㲻ǳ£
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⻰ζͲôԾˡ
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ѻ䣺ҼǵãǳС
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ţҲҶ˵ˡǵԣҲһҸ档
ʹߺ͹˲֮һѡҷȰѡߡ
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ѻУ˵˵ʲô
ϬҡͷҲûʲôҲ˵һӶΰˣδֵΡһļƵˣҲضϲһͬļƵΪ顣
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ѻü㾿Ҫ˵ʲô
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ۿų˸Уǲãʹ죬ĸ𡣡

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Ծؿ񣬵ͷǸ˭
ûҲûϺϢӹ˷۵ɫƲ⣬ӦҲۡ³
šҪ鱨ɾڣһĸЩڴȥ򣬽˹Ŀ
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ƵĿת÷һӸ׵ȴ
ãƵ˵ûҪ󣬿ɰڣҪ鱨񣬴ȥ򽻸ߣ
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657 оƽǧɢȥ
ĳɽլԺ
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Ѫһɫҵ꣬һѩɽ·ϣһߣһһתۣʮ͹ȥˡ
һҡͷпϲ߻֣û뵽ʵֵһ죬ʵֵô죬ô˳
ǰϵʵﶼûʲô׿Ҳʵ̫ѪҡͷʧЦʵô˳ôɹĹͺܴ󡣡
ЦˣܿİǰѪǻƼˡ̧ͷ¶ɫ
ѪĬȻ¶޺ʹ֮ɫƼұѣҷѼңңضȽʢˡƵģƵǹһԶ硣գȴֻôһЩˡ
Ƽұѣȴ֣ϣѼң˲ءȴӴԶ硣
˺İʼ׷ɱϡһҵأܴѪǲˣҪ˶Ȼܡ
ƼұѣҪ֣´ǰڱƵϼУγµĹһңѼҺҽ
ѪͻһЦ㻹ãҪǹȥˣҲҪˡһֵί
⺢ӣĥҲǺõġֲڰ֣ʾ⡣
վڰɽɽ¡ֲЦ۲ŴԣŻˣǹһͷ֮ˡһ٣ѪɫأԾΪβ˵
ѪҡͷȻ֪ϽΣΪκȻٻǣֲ֪ǡ˭֪϶бˡ
˲һֱƵѪλĸڣû֪˲ȫ̼ƻҲû֪һȫʵ
ֲûʣѪ㱣ҵġҲ֪һֱֱΪЧ
ֲüëšһ飺ǲǷʲôˣ
û֣ûκη֡ѪľȻҡͷһЩ̫õĸо˵Ϻ֮䡣ֲɫ䡣
Ѫץһѩţþãŵ۲ΰԣ˵᲻ԸѿľӪĻҵֽ
˵᲻ϵİţ
ѪãȻҲ֪ʮǰǲıϰţ뱱Ƶġ
ֲһںߵýҲнӴô
ôĻϲŭ޳©ߡѪЦӰۼˣܿʲô
һᣬѪҵ֪ڻʴĵģ֧ģǾ
ֲɫأȻе䡣

ڻʴϣƾģ֧ߵġ
չأҲþʴ֮Ǻܴļɻ䡣һͷԵĽ죬óȻ졣
β̫һΣǻʴֻ֮һѡˡ
ң⼸ɸ»׳ʱβ̫Уڹ˽£ʾߵ֧֡
Ǳͷ޲̵ǻλеĹϵΪӣǻͳ˧ݣһþǣѹĹ
˵ˣκһҵľ޲ǳͷβġӥɡ
óñȱ̬̬ġǰ̬߱ȴǱȻģñϾǻʵ۵߹ǻʴ߹Ҫǳȷ
ûйȻ̬ͳϵñǩðٷ֮ǧ֧֡
û̬ʤ̬
Ӿ̧ͷۣɫɡּ¼˼½˽¶ߵ֧֡
ϯ֮ʾ֧ߡնٸع䣬ϳ˽±̬֧ߡ
ΪԭԳԼʽ䣬Ҳ˽±ʾ֧֡
˸Уֻ߸ԭûбʾ
Ծɼ߸ƼΪǲ֧֣ǲ̬
Ҳ˵ûб̬ģֻбͰԭ˸Уսǿ󣬽Ƶ֧ߡ
ԳƼԸԸǳ߸ߵĵϵʽ䣬ƤСģһһͳ죬ǵϵ
ƺգӦɺ͸᷵һ죬ֱǸͳ죬˵ģεĽͳͳ¡
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Ĺٶ˽¹ıʾ֧֡
͢Ĺ佫Լ񣬾Ȼƶ֧ߡĹ٣в֧֡
ζʲô
Һͱ¡Ŀ֧˭
Ц˵ĻȻһ亹͸ѡ

̡ۣ̣
۴УŲųĴһ·СܴӳϡæסȻָͷʹ
ķţ񱻱İˡƺƽ
Ǹۣһ̼Ҫ͵кܶˡ
꣺ôˣôԵ갡
һ·ܵڳæµϺ͹æŨ򸾣߳ü̫ˣһҳԳųɵô죿
ͻϵ߳𣺡Բ㡣
±Żɵӡܽȥˣ̵۽УɵӣҪġ
Ũɩһ߳ˣһߺʵСߣ˵Ҫȥʹģ
߶һ̲ȥһһЦҲǳҹڻʹҹϡҲûáʹǹطˡ
ʲôطСߣͻ˵˵ô˵ʹСıʷһ״ŨԺϴˣһϰԵľ
ץ߳Ʋ죺ʷʲô⣬ᣬǡŻʵۣ˵ʹǸط
ǵطģֿնɭɭ밡ôĻʹ
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ŨɩЦС߾ͻ˵߶˵㽫ҪƻʵءҪô˵㵱˻ʵۣǲĵý
߶Ʋ죺ɩӣҲ̫ˡʵۺۣѡҲѡʵ۰
˵ˣͷ˵ҪҵʵۣҾ͵õҲҪء
ٺ˵Ͻŵصһۡ
ˣϵû˵ǻλ˭˭ȥҿ϶ûȤһ٣ЦеʵڲɣлʵһӾˡ
ҹưʵʮ϶һСģû׼ٻء
ƺлҲˣҲû
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˶Ūˣˡߵְ񣬳͢ͳͳǰõı׼ġ
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ѣҹ죬ͱһǳԵҹߵ׵Լ
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߿ָöݴЦ
оƽĹǡҲıãǧɢȥʹ졣
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658 λ˵Ц
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ŴʹԶƮ
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ۻʼҵļôʢôڻʹŵƽʣҲ͸һɥ
Ƶʹ½Ѽ޳ȥˣһˡʣӵʧ٣صطؾǣʵ۹ҹ
ʵۼλʮˣʮƵۣƺ˺ܶʵ۲߱ĳ١Ӷʮǰ𣬻ʵ۾ͺٳˡ
ͻӵĸףҲôʺ磬Ҳȥˡʣôһӹʸ
峤ݣߺƵ۶û˳Ϲ֪ˡ
Ҳ֪ҪΪʴ˵ǣΪʼҵȷ̫ˣӺ͹ڽоĿУԴҲΪ׽
żһûһĳԵò࣬СƵط꣬Զƺϲζһ㡣
ƵĪ̾ϢЩϡ
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ձ鶼ϣҲΪõĻʴѡΨٻҳԱʾԣϧλߵĻ嶼ˣʣһЩèûȨ
ʹҫۡƵ۶һҲ㡣˵꣬غһ
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Ƶǳǳİ˵ʲôһλҵ壬ֻ֪ʮˣһˡ̾˿
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֧㣬֧㣬ĹҲ֧㡣ʴλãֻ㣬Ҳ㡣
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ҿĶ꣬Բ߻ĻҵΪһύ֮κһΪҼ壬ֻΪΪλӪ컷
ߴε̹˵Ĳ뵱ʲôʵۡλλӹ׵뷨ûʲôⷽĹǡ
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һ൱֣൱ŵĻ⡣Ƶ¶һĨЦ£˵ʴ㣬ǹ
ߴף籦̧ͷָֻ󣺡˻ʣҵķɣǺܺáΪԼΣոУΪ˲Ҫ˻ʱǡ
˲Ҵλ˻ʱôΪʲôҸеǰδеΣգԻ󣬱ѱ΢Ц
ٹƵɫᶨ๣ģ£覣ϲһȢˡҹһѪϡ㿪֦ɢҶ
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Ƶɫѻǹһ·һӪһġϲǾȢˡ
̲ס˸ڣۣ޸ǳҴҴߴҺͺĳףһΪǴҵѪǴʲôģ
ƵۿЦãɫһĪǾͻ˼롣
߱ʼ磺Ƕһ룬ǻ¡㿴Ҿ룬Ҫλָͷ跨ŪʵۣȻ󣬾ô붼ҵˣʣµĹپǸƨֻҪĴλλҵġ
Ȼڻʵǰоλ治һܸɵġƵȻͻǰ˵
ǰ˵ǡĲ٣˽¡ϣǵһȻƺģڽУгΪһšơ
º͵΢Цƺſں˵һ룬Ҫҵʲô㷴ĿƵɫһ
һ٣ЦеƫͷŴס̫ࣺ֧һ
̫Ƥ綳ˣǺЦһ˵ЦΨһãѪѪԵˡ
ۣº͵һһ䣺ôҿ϶˵Ц
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Ƶ۳Ĭ̫ྐྵȻŵù´顣
ߺȻչЦָЦαô棬ֻһЦء
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ƺһЦء

ƵҲе㼵ϣҲǣߴûһġסϵ
˲Ψһãû⵱׵һ䣬ȴǿڿĺϡҪ˵˲ûһ㼵ʣҲ߯ûˡ
߱ʹҹһ꣬ԼǳƵĶʼ
ҹͳһ߶ڻʹġ
ҹ֮Ƶ۴ȻϢ˱򣬻߸˵˱ڱһĻء
ڱϣƵ۴׸ԳЩϡúõһӣȻžͳ˱˵Ķӣζʹˡ
ûƵתͷ׼𡣡
ĨƽͷԼ³Ŀģ˵޳𡣡
ˡðһ㣬ҲҪˡƵһ֪ģҾͲ˵ˡ
еˡϱ֮սĽ𶯵ľǴɡǰʱֹµľжˣǲ׼ȫ߸ˡ
Ա߸ǣߣʹǴɰѱ߸жȴһֱű߸ԭ
һ±߸޺Ͷ޾ͻɺͱƾͻֱ档Ϊ˶Ʊƣһơ
ߣԱƣˡ
Σ뻽ѹ


659 ѣ˯
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һǰڻ޵ֱ˷֣𶯡
ǰʧ״ι֡ʱйע̶ܴϣ֪ĶǼ١
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Ƶۺ̫ĬĬڱϿյȴ
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Ƶ֪˵ʲôҡҡֹˡ
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̫ܿȼѣʱǶ飬ѵĹ䣬ܿͻ͵Ĺâҫ¶Ѩ
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ǧһյУȴĻѡ
߲ɫҪʲô׼ʲô᲻̫Σգ
ءͳˡƵӱףɫӣΣһһЩôҲУģΣ
Ƶ̧֣ȡһǫ̈״Ŀռ챦ĶųĸʣʶĲʶģ߰һѶѡ
ôĿ峺ȻĽףʲôҵʲô
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ߵͷȻ͸ѪͨӼλһҵһס
ǰΪƶսԵλҪô񽫣ҪôˡʱյᣬʱһȻհǰսԣɼȻˡ
װṥɣɡ⣬Լ
ƵЦȥ۲ࣺҪǣһͳºΪıȡµλɱɻȡ
ЦЦ㼸ʱɱң

ʯ쾪һԣûƵ۶ݡ
ƵĿͶȰҪɱ㣬Ȼ󣬲ִн֡ԭѡ⣬ѪҲ͸˻ˣбѡ
ѡĻѪԵ̫Զ
ȻԣǵŵǣϮɱ塣ȻǵıѡΪʴ
ƵʧЦǵҪ󡣡һ٣΢ЦߣҪ̫˼Ҿܾˡ
ҲЦˣƵһǳЦȺ׳աͷҪ󣬶˵û˲ˡ
ڱƻıѡǻԵˣݵλѪͻʵ۶Զ޶˶˵һĻʴ˵;Բܳɹ
ڻʴѡϣʵۺٻᶯһеȨǶҲδЧҪ壬Աͬ⣬ǿܡ
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ҪƵһݵλѪԶû¶ĻԵΪʴǸǻʵԱԲˣȻԲͨ
ʸ㲻ΣҲΣⷽ洿һסη棬ǴԲС
ʲôʱԴ󣬶δڼʢ״̬ͼߡֺ£ضҪƵ֡
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Ƶ۵Ȼһʮۣʮڡ
ҡͷɱһۣҪۡǱ൱ۣʼʾ
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˵ǧܵȰ˴ڵʱ򣬴ɺᶼҪǼǧܵȰλ׳ҡ̾ϢҪˣҲǰع鱱ƣı
޵ϢʱƵû޵УһҪڶԷ֪ǰֽɱ
٣˲Ÿ١ڸ߶ϣʵ̫ǿˡ۲ܶ˶˯žߡ
Ƶۺưôˣȴæƺ
ۣȻҺȻе¡Ƶɫ΢΢ͷ
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ƵһЦá
ʱ̫ˣϡ
ˡƵۿ˶һۣʾ⣺ȳȥǡ

˳ȥ
ƵŲ߶ϸһµһ¸ֶİڷλã½ȫ
Ȥ˲һȻĸŲǹڽ̫ɣߺȻһЦ˼
һ½ȫƵһ߻Եˣ
ûƺûĻЦҲûߡ
ƵۿɬɵôңΨһĶӣĪǣΪһẦ㣿
ЦУƺĺ޻ġ
ΪɶƵ̧ͷĿƣһġ֪ıҵȥȻˮҲίʵһЩ¶ķա
ɶϹ˵ȫɫģŶһΪù֪ĳЩܣԱץסˡ
ƵȻǹһļ֮һ빬У֪һЩٺ١
ƵһԾ̧֣һð
һЩˮһðŰҺ壬һȦһȦһڳСλϡ
ƵϢһȥˮʱȻһͻΪ飬ѸӣСҺϤɱ顣
Ȼëһ߲סԾһ㵭Ļ棬ëһ


660 գŭ밧
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һգۣܲСıҺܿžžУΪһ۵ı
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ǰͶ϶İһЩŮ빬֮һҳϣƽƽ档
ߵ뷴ƽƽ桱֪ġùòֺͷԵˣΪҲǶ
ȱˣ϶ͼҽϹ˿϶Ҳ࣬ҲֻжΪɼƽƽġ
ƵæµĲãͷҲص빬Ϊ幫Ůӱ֮⣬ϹûɹŮ˲˶֪
Ϲˣ㰡㰡ΣЦһ̾Ϣ㲻߻䣬ܳɹǰᡣ
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ףΪʲô˲˵Ϲ룬֪һЩ֪ˡϹˣʵʵǰѹ˲ͱƴһĹؼ
幫ӰһУһеҪˡ
һʱ㱣ٻصȥע幫ڹ˲ͱ֮䣬ƺ䵱һҪˡ
幫㾿һʲôˣǾˣţ
㵽жô˵ƵˣȻĲϢĵ㣬ԸͶЧ
жôҫ۵ķ飿̸ȵȾȻֻһ
ǹ˲幫ĶӣǾ͸Ӿˡ幫Ҫù˲ΪƼҵˣ֮һ𣬵ߣ
㻹֪ʲôƵƺŪˣͷꡣ
룺ܶ࣬ʱôŰɡ
Ʃ磬ϹΪʲôʶꡣƩ磬ǲ幫ĶӡƩ硭ࡣ
Ƶ۵ͷܺãǾͿʼ

¶Ѩһ֮ԵһЩġ
Լǹİ취пûҲ׷ʾҲûãϻеڶô˯
ߣߡƵ۽
ߺƵ۸վһƵȴ߶ϢһգۣЩصĸڱϵë׵Ļ棬һűѸӡ
ܿ죬һë׵Ļ;Ũң󣬺ܿűšϣ׼˱׺Ȼһ¾͵ȼˡ
Ч֮һ˵ķǧıףȻë׵Ļ£бڻļ
֮µλٲȻڱϿ
ƵɫһһߣѱϵһЩֵƶ
ȻƵۺһѼ˿ϷƳɵĽ飬ƹȥ
һһַͨܿͰѵ±һ֣ЩǳĲϣҲ֪ʲôģȻǿס⾪˵ı档
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ȻĻѻ΢΢üתһۡϬıӰܿ챻ѩģˡ
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ʱɫŹ֣ЦóƵޱһᣬҲ̲סЦ˳ǺȤءͲģ
ǺȤɺŪˣ缸мǧܵˣ꣬ƾһԾΪڹ꣬۶޿κΡ
ЦķʣģΪҪģ㲻˵ˣẦĪǣͰԴͣ
ץңҵʴðɡҾֻΪˡ
һҲĴ޳ܵıʾҪҵʵۣҾ㵱һˡ
ǱߵĺձˣƵ۱һҿԣɨӰ꣬ζ㵱治ɱ㣿
ߺȻɱңʲôôأһ٣ۣһûҵսôԸǧ
̫ӦȻϢķ˻ʹ
Ƶۣ͸ǵĹâʾͰ궼£ϣԼĴҲ뺦㣬òҪߡ
̹ȻЦһΪסˣֻƾ࣬Ƥߣ˲ôܵ˰ɡ
ǽƲ˵ġ࣬˼룬ܽ˼𣿵Ȼܡǰߴ衣
һԪƣ൱һͨˣʧȥ˻ԣǿҲؽ볹ױĴһۣ£Ҳܿᱻĥ⣬Ӳ
Ƶҡͷα˵̱ʤ˵Ҫ
ǳǳһЦҴϰ߰ԼСڱ߬š
һ˵һߴݵʾ⣺裿
ƵʧЦϲ衣
̫දܿ죬ѸٰڵĲˮ
֮߰أȻԵõĸԼһããˮܿڣڱģͱ顣
ƵĿתӶӣº͵˵öԣǧĴҪսԸ
ԣ߾ٲ豭޼Цʾһ£ͱϡ
ƵЦŨңսģףҲܳΪҵġ
ԣѿսǸƷɡ
žһ
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668 
豭ըѣ衣
Ƶȡһֻ豭ݹȥ죬սȥһ˵ǣˡ
ʼ磬һתͨȻһЦҲǣָһ׻ԣһֱƭȥ˲ɲһһ׵Ļԡ
ʶ˲ĵһ׻ԣ±һ׻ɱһӡٴʶһ׻Ե˹ĴΣʱ䣬˲õҪһС
Ҳǡ֪һ˵ǣսһδΣģѾɱβˡ
һδεĶսϹӣѪ͹˷ҲԲǣ϶ٻܶණڣҲȥġ
ûɵĻЦȡͭڹ˲ĿУĦͭԭҪս
ȻôԵĶûܿһЦţһţǰ㣬ԼҲᴹս
㡣
̹Ȼİͭ׷ɣƺû⵱ɶôҪĶұ͸֪ģ˵ӣǶȻܿƵǿսǡǡһڿڵǿ
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Ƶһѽסϸһᣬ̲ס̾һ¾ɵͭʦҲûܡû˵꣬ɫʦĴڡ
ΰ죿Ƶ̧ͷʡ
߶ʱЦЦǰϡ
ƵɫһʵҲ̰ͼս߼Ц̧֣ʾ㻹Ұ
Ƶ۵Ļû˵꣺ܿͻ齵ҺĽסƾƺͶıʹӾǿɡףƺʹ֮ص㲻ڱ
ߵͷƵ۵ľٴȻӸ߶Ծһٴ˻ʣǲƵеĲԡ
ɾǲµһǿûһ˵ҲûһĳϡӾӵΪˮ׼ʵս飬Ӿ½죬ɾǲɵµһ
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ս˲Ͷһѡһ취һ취Ĳʵܴ󣬲Ҳ׸ˡ
ЦЦҺܺ棬ûԭļƻʲô
ƵҲЦˣߵ˼ɣߵ𣬾̼ͨƻеı
˲ۣļƶ࣬ҲȻʮǰ߻䣬ȡƵ֮ʱ벻ΨһĶӣнĳɾ͡⣬Ǳ
Ϊ˲һܻӦˡ
ʮǰôո¶ͷǡΪһڳƵۺܿ͸ıƻƴ̼ƻ塣֮ǰ϶û㡣
ߺƵûм棬ȴƵ۵˼ڶ̶̰зˮڵû;ǷꡣӶʹҵĵ·
˲λʮ꣬ʼճĬȴᡣҲ߸ĻᣬһٰѺܶصնɱ˲Ǵ֮󣬲Ŀ˱ơ
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߻һˣ˵һ˵ɣҲš
ƵҡͷʧЦѹ֣ϢҪһҲ޷ֻҪڻʹ֮ڡҪʲôߡ
˵꣬ˡ
°ͣ峺Σ¶һģƺܵЦҪڻʹתת·

ĵܣǶûôһ̸ˣ
ʮꡣ
ǰ뽣ɽ֮Ҿͺټ棬Ҳ̸ĵʱˡ
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Ƶ۰ڰ֣ʾⶼ£ͰһĿĵڻʹУ㡣
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һƵҡͷ£Ϊһٮٮߵİ꣬ظһ͹˷һǹһˣΪ࣬ӦõģǱ븶Ĵۡ
㲻һ㲻ǹһˡ
۽΢΢ʪƵ۳ӵУǰ֪ǷԳֻʮ꣬Ҳֻжʮ꣬ұ׷ɱҡ
ΨһĶӣң˵һαӣһĻƭӡ
꣬ǷšҵΪܣû˼Ƶ̾˿תȻؿŰꡣ
ɫ£֪
紵Ƶ˵Բлл㡣
ĬΣްǰɽԸġлл㣬Ұ뽣ɽĻᡣڹ˲뽣ɽĿģԲȥ룬Ҳȥǡ
Ҹ˵Բ𡣡Ȼʮǰұɱ˹ɶġǡ
Ƶ۰ֱʾ⣺ֵ˵ˣҪɱɶʱɱɱҵ˼Ҳû뵽͹ɶйһ֮Ե
ҡҲڽͣҲǣ˵ɶʵһˣҲû˵
һƵվס֪ΪʲôҪɱɶַŹû˵ĵȴ
Ƶ۲ӣŰװѩ˵ҹһļͼ壬빬ΪŮҺܴæΡ
ΪҹϵˣȻԹ˸飬ȻѹһˣҪҹϣҪѱ˵ȥ
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ĬãҲ쳤ؾõľãŵ
ƵһЦļ򣺡ãΪѡ
һ٣ƺĵת⣺պҪᶯ֣ܻܼ˵С߰ѽʽ̸ˡ
ҲǼĶ֡ɫ̹˰֮ûѧ

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˲Ȼ٣Ⱥɽһ꣬һ˫۲ܻĴǰһԾһλϡ
׼һεһץһɫסصĻ֣ˡ
ȴˡ
˲أȻ˼ǰҲǰȥƵۻ֮ǰȻÿһΣȷڲڡ
ֱۣҲ㲻̰ͼҴָ㿴ǰҵС
˲ܸмߵǾرڿһ㣬Ǻ׼ģûп˼
ʵ֮µĺô˲ܹҲһǹ˲ĲᣬҲûҪ
ߵ˽º˵һЩҪģǿһ仰
ˣ岻ˣôһǱƵץˣǳΣա


669 ˻һӼ
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һϸĺܴˣܿͷˣ̫ͭͼе΢ġ
һĵڣûзκεı仯ͺһµİκηӦ
ͭսı
Ƶ۲ֹһεͷӹ˷˺һϸĹ۲ɾ
᲻ᣬҪϣ
Ƶ۳ͭܿսɣ˱ģֻʦʦƷ϶ô򵥡
Ҳ˵ܱͭܿҪϵϡ
Ƶһֱû֣ϵƣͳͳǡơȻۣͲǻɣǿ϶
ͭް㷴ӦƵҡͷϷ˴۶ս˼߿Ͻͭƺǿ׼õ֣ҲôҲûС
ϸ˼⣬İͭռ챦С
΢˼Ƶüֻƥƣͭơϡ
¶֮ɫ°ͭӿռ챦ȡ
һأͭС룬ȡһͭһ˿ռ챦С
һѼͬһھʱһϰߡ
ȴһᣬƵ֣߳ڸʲô
̫ȻϢĳ֣׹ڹתܹͬȻǹ˲ˣ治ûˡ
Ƶɫʾ⣺ߴӪߵ˶ˡû޵˭ҶƤСĵ˶֣˭ԼԴޡ
Ǽӡе⡣
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ãӪƤСģӹգƤСĺ³˵ȣͳͳߵˡ±ߵʵ̫ˡ
ô룬Ҳϣ±ߵô롣
鷿Ƶ´һЩش־ڣۡ
أ͢Ŵ٣˲һϳˮһӿ
ʣսͣͣʴͳΪƵǰشͷȴ¡
ǰԴǰʾܶԱˡȻһӪļжֱ߾һþΪ֮һ䣬ࡣ
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Ƶ۲Ϊ⣬´Ӿ̧ͷ۲䣺ʴǣ¹˵
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ΨһĶӣ᲻ʲô޲֪ĵƣ
Ƶ۱˶˽ԼĶӣ֪ӼеĵơʱҲΪߵ̬ȶɣڹ򶨣еƣ
٣Ƶĺ˽ߡӣ´ھ˶ΪˣȴƫƫŴתˡ
ӣеƣǣ᲻ǹⱻץס
ǹⱻץסôҪʲô
鷿УȻҵĿ

˵˭ǵһ֣
˵ĻӦӣɱ޵Сɣ񽫣ۡ
٬ҡָͷб£֪Ҳˡ
̫һʾʲôȥæȥǣôҲǡ
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ߺȻһЦҡͷµһ֣Ǳ¡ĪҪˣҲ˻ʡ
Ҫǣ»Ľʽ
ЦϣΨһһĽʽˡҶһ֮ˮƺȻ֮ˮˣΪһĳˣĲһ൱Ҫָꡣ
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죬Ȼ˵Цһ㣬ҺϰҪ࿪սˣ㲻ңҾͻɱ㡣
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ġߺؿڵȹ˲ֻҪȳ֣Ҿгֵɱɱֻһ֮䡣
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λǵᡣһ
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ˣĿѻϣƳѻΪǱñ״̬óȻ֣ðʧԡ
ǵ˼Ƕѻͷ׹¶ɨһ˵ȣûѡһǴӴ˳ΣҲֻһǧ󣬲Żٴεᡣ
ڶҧгݣе
ǵģѻһȻ֣ƳЩˡڵˣûԽˣȴҲ֪ҪʲôΪ˸ʲô
ź֪Ҳ֪ǽθܿܿһ޷Żؼҡǡ
ǼȻһ·ǾҲҪȥ
һŭ𣺡ҲҪȥ
ŭĿź죺ΪδҼ²£
ڶźǲ£
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ʿ
ŭ𣺡Ҫһ顣Ȼһ𶯵ĺХ
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Ƴˡ
Ԭǰǰ˰ǸؿЩڣۣĶԼ˵ǵж
ҡͷҪߵһ̫ᣬûлˣǷɶ˻ʽһͷ֪Ҳͷˡ˾ˡ
ʧܣᡣ
ԬǴ֣ôܰδϣƳôһϣ
תؿһһ٣Ұᣬˡ
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ʱ㳲֮ʱ
ѩУһɽУӭδıİˡ
ѩңķѩĺ磬һ衣
˲ڵɽȵУҲ˿ܱıѩŰšۿӰ͸ѩᶨƵ١
˲СһۡС۵ͷ
˲¶΢Цӭеİˣ·Ϊһİˣ
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ɱۺˡֻߣʵһֱڣߣû֪ˡ
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670 ˲Ը߰а
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źšߵźš
βɴɱʹֱӰ߸ȳ
ɱһֱӴֱӣȻϲ̫Ļ
˲ͬ⣺ǰ˵ˣһҪȴźŲܳҪ¡򣬾ǰȳҲ塣
ߴӻ޷ˣȻû֪ɱˣȻû֪ɱȥˡ
˵Ƶ۵İӣߺγɱۺΪ֪
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˲ģδ⡣һֱɱ۵ĹϵδؾͲΪ˽ʱն
˲֪߼еĵƣգҲֻǼȫҪĵƣߴûб¶
ɱͫڣʲôźţʲô˵Ŀ⣬һɨ档
˲˵һЩ㣬ʹĳ˱¶ĳЩĿ
û˵˭ģҲ֪˵˭
˳ŰᣬǹΣһҪΨһܿ˻ʵľǲ뱻ȳΪ˻ʵӥȮͱ뱣ס
ǹסɫǹͬһǹ⣬ƽԴ͸¶ģΪǣΪߣΪŵ
һǵģΪԼΪߣΪŵ
˲źţ࣡
ɫ࣡

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ڿյϣСһͯδزϱߵѩȵϡãȻعЦ
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ϢˣǸֵ꣬ȻΪʲôЦ
߶ץסһѩΪЦȿ޺á٣ܺá
˲ҪɱңһǰЦһ̧ͷЦ貣Ҳ·죺ţЦԶһ
߰ѩſ֣ЦΨһƵΰĶЦ벻Ҫֹҡ
Ȼ̧һѩŷ̫̫࣬ޱ飬ǡô
ĬΣյִ
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ҪôкĽסҲ£һԸ⣬ζ̫ĺ
ҪôֻܷҡңԶҵĻᡣߣеڶ˻ꡣ
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국Į㸸ס
ʼ磬Ρʵûѹ˲ʲôˣʵǺܳ˵ǣ˲ôΪѪţԣֻܱܵȹ˲ȶ֡
Ц̧ͷһֱģϹ֮ʲôϵΪûɱ
߾ɳƣ¶ˣҼ
ЦʼʾԼʲôû˵
ƵͥԺߣһԲߵԴǺ̬֮Уûܲµóʲôơ
û֪ߺɱ۵Ĺϵû֪ɱȥˡ˵ӵģߵĳ仰֪֮·ܡ
ԶĸΪɹ
û˻ṫߺĹˣԵõ˰˲˵顣û˻ܸ֮ߵڶˣ߻˵ȥԣˡ
ǲⱻ˲ץסʹҪǧѷĻᣬʹ˲¶Ŀ
߲ϣʱǾԲϵġ
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߰ΣƵ۲԰׵ϣһƵѪɫɹˣ
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۾һɫʼȡһԵĺȻְ̧ڱϡһȭŷ
ڴϵİѩͰѪɫʱȻ޴棬¶ʪۻĵ档

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һ߼оͭķλһ¶Ц⣬ѸȻпһ硣
Ҳһ£Ʈѩͷ磺֮󣬾޴ʲôִݻǰ
еһеãһ춼ữΪС
Ƶû޶ԣͷҲصļᶨԣǰһͳޣ˵һ𿹺塣
һ٣˵ҪĻᣬԿ壬ǵΡ汲ǸӢۣǾ죬ˡ
Ȼ̾ϢԼµƵʲôˣһЦʵҸϣ˵ȫΡ
һʥˣҲΰҲӡ࣬Զϲּġû˼ȥ׷ʷҲһʥ
ֻ֪ûΰ֮ϣ֮ϡ
ƵۻףߣδǱƻʵۣǹһҵ䣬㲻ֻһ˽Ҳ԰ΪѧſΣΪһɫ䡣
Цˣ˭Ϊһ˽˭԰Ϊȷģվ˵ˣһõ¡
ͭˣϸĸӦȻʵ׵ģΪҪóȻģʱҶ̫֡ˡ
Ƶۻ᣺ҲףΪҪңΪʼΪҶ㲻Ϊʴ̳йϻҵǶ㲻ұϡ
ˡ
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ȴһ亹ûǰḴƷƵֻҪ΢һƷϢ׷ɱûмٲ񣬴ֻҪ֪֡
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ƵУֻ賶ͷʹΪУһֻ賶ͷ
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ĺһѹͷ𾪣һ޹С
Ƶ۰Źϡƣ裬ʾߣԼһƷһֱ˵ΨһĶӣҲẦ㡣ȴܻȴ
߶豭ϸϸغһڡ
Ƶƣĺһ˴ˣҲֱԡˣΪԽߣԪ֮ͻԽһЩɣǣһУΪ㣬Ϊ˹ϡ
Ĩƽͷϸˮ
Ƶ۴ģ۵Ŀ⿴ң㽵Ͳߣûչ㣬ûԽ̵㣬ڣҲᣬңҡ
ɫ䣬žһ豭ɫһ
ˮж
Ƶ۵۰һŭ⣺ǹɶŮ˴ǵĸӹϵҹ˲ĶӣԼҲ˺㡣
ߵȾһɫϣȻһѪ
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671 ʥװ֮
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Ƶ̬磺ûɱ㣬ҶӡɱκˣΨɱ㡣ǰֻһ顣ǵģ顣
ߺȻ̲סЦһЦ˲ὲЦ츳ء
ҡҷߵЦЩԾһͣ˶ޱȣҪ޹
Ŵ󣬷ŴٷŴ
ܿͳΪһȻƵɫ䣬ƺȴƺ֮ҡͷûõġ
ߵɫ࣬޹ҡҷҪﶼűˡȻϢ޷͸쳣̵Ľ
Ƶҡͷûõġ
Ŀ磬ɿɨӣŹˣҲˡʣµģһյĿռ䣬ʵ۵ʵûô󣬲ȴǺܴܿ
ȻȴѾˣ·Ҳһڡ
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Ҳϧϣؽ˵أԭѺһЩˡ⣬Ҳʵ಻ܱ¶˽ؽ˵أܸ˵ĸӦƵ̹ϵЦЦ
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Ƶ۲ʧЦ⣺źţࡣ

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ʥװʥʥĲ׽֣ϸĴĦ⣬˿Ȼ̧ͷװ㲻Ӣۡ
Ƶ̾Ϣǰһӣľ˵ɵԹֻԳɰӢۡ
ֻҪɹӢۡû˻ڳɹ·ϣʲôֶΡ
Ƶͫڣȴ΢Цߣ㽫Ҫ˻ʵˣһֱ棬ܷİѻҵ㡣
һԲڤ˼룬Ƶڿǰ¡ȴ֪ߴʱľԲɣǡʥװеġʥ֡
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ۣƾ㣿
Ϣŷ˷ȭһ䡣һȴ
ƵϢ٣ŻѪȻ˻ûӣҲˡ꣬ǵסǵġ
Цݣģ˲㲻ǰɣҵսԪƣΪҾ޸֮ˣ
ûôˣƾʲôգұץסѵΪҺȻһӾͲˡ
Ƶۺֲ޲üĳ鴤
Ԫս鱻ơҪñˣ߻ʲôƣ
һ˵۾ͻȻһӹ𣬿ҪͻӺӷθ˼
ʲô
࣬Ȼһ·ֽ⣬һգ۵Ĺںҹҡҷˡ
ѧ֪֮кһ
ϽһӿĹ⻪ɲǻΪٵĹâ罣һ˲ŷ
˹Ĺ˷ͫ׷Ŵ󣬱ɫâšһӾͱ飬عǼϣ׵ĿһѪҶ׹
Ͻƺӣëʡ࣬ҹеөһף


675 £ּ
Ͻƺӣëʡ࣬ҹеөһף
˼뾫֮֮Ϣƽͣû
ȻǰȴǵһΣһĿͬһࡣ
ͷѪ˵սΪ˶ʱ𺳵ֹ
Ƶֲۣˣ޲𺳾׵Ŵͣȫһɳմģеĸһ۵涯
ģŨСߵǰصµƯ
͵Ĺâȴ貾Ĺ⻪ӳߵϣϵЦƺҲζΪһֲֿ˵һµҪ𣿡
ûԱƾʲôС˲Ҫҵˡ
߳ţϷʵĻһžžžĲסƵ۵ϡ
Ϣƽ͵࣬ͷ͵Ĺâ˵ڸǲס𾪣ߵ񣬾һʷǰĹֱһ֡
ࡣһ˾Ȼ࣬ѧʿ֪һ
࣬˼룬Ǿ񣬾֮
ûеڶ࣬һԶһĳͻǡǡҲ
ʵܶѧʿٶǿǡҲкܶ߶ࡣ
ǣ֮ǰ˷ɣû񻯸ࡣߣô˵κһ񻯸֣ĳͻ£ҪôΪϵûܻһꡣ
һ񻯣ͻᴥеľ־עͻġһˣ޷Ѿ־ָ־ྫ
ǹĵһ⡣
ǵڶǼΪˡ־£ԵʣҪһ˶ΪлΪһɡ
СɣѾܿˡСɣ࣬ǸǶôֲô˼
˾ĵڣӶҪʧȥ˼ˡ
˷ײײһԾŻһѪڣСģ๥ǳǿ󣡡
ƵֲڵˣһϤȥûһһۣǹίʵЩ£ֻºϾҲˡ
ƵɲʧȻһǰ֣һȭ
ɫǳϢȣƺתһܣγһԵķϣ
ʥ
ʥ༼ܵǿƾԷϡϢΰ綥صľʥˡ
Ƶһȭһգۺ֮䱬žһѡ
ɫ΢΢һɲǣ߻һʷҹյУѧ֮Ψǡ
ëñ䣬Ӱһն
߾Ȼˡ
ˣ˻Ȼɧѣֲ˾ֵĿ߾ȻΪ˵û¶һ˿ԪϢ
Ƶ΢΢üɫͳĻһܡȻֲѿڸߺСģ
һڣȻͻأıһǻԵɫâñȽһɲǴƵϮ
ƵƶϹϢĺںģԶ֡Ϲ⾹ȻϾ֯䶯žžžһ˺ѣʣһ㰵Ĺâ͸С
ƵƺһʮףҿŻһѪԣǻþ
˶ˡǻþ
ͺһƬÿһ˶ƬˣƶԼλãͱ˵λþȻʼûиı䡣
ǧ磬쳾ܷɫɫɱκջУѰҵõǸԵģȷġǡΨǡ
ֲֲ࣬ࡣ
˻ëʶߵƺÿһжص;
Ƶɫ̧ˮɫȻϢĺڴϡʹ·Ҳһȭ
ǰУһ鲣һѣ׷ɣ𡣻ԭһһڸƶ֮󣬸ԵλѾΪıˡ
û֪ǰʧһӦͭλãȻϢİͭʣһ뻳ˡ
ЦжƵ۵ֻ࣬Ҳɱҡźǲǡ
ûйԣĹԶԶڷЩһʶȴϱˡ
ߵ࣬ӣǹΪǿĸս
Ҳ£жôûڡۣȻЦˣչֲˣҲһᣬԼҲµʲô
һңʵǶ꣬ҲһһҪָٹ⡣
죺µȨݣλȨơܴûǰĶõණ
һ˵һĺɱ֣ʾЦûмЦֻǲʵҪǣΪЧ꣬ΪҸɫ
ʵʵҲϣ˲һԶĳ䣬硣
⡣סĹ֣ƼѪ޵ľƼҡ
ƾƼѪֲѪˣһߣ϶̸ϲ
Ƶۿԣƺ㲣Ҳֹƺ뿴˵ʲô
˵Լû˵ĸ˼̡ƽͣԣ֪Ҫʲô֪ʲôҲѡɡ
Ѫ˳Ĭ
˲ҪߵľѪԪ
߲ŷѪһҲûоѪǶǳĳˣ˲ʲôҪʲôûԼжϡ
ҲţҲš
˵Ѫѡ˹˲Ǿֻеɲ
Ƶɫŭ⣺ӣ˵ûУ
ҡָͷٵһȣ˵һ䡣ۣɨӷѪˣϣǲᣬĲ̫ǵң
˭ںҲں
߷عЦתƵۣһ꣬򣡡
Ƶһ䣬ֲһȻʧһ
ҡҷɲϢ䱬ʥ
࣡
ĺôʱֳˡһκȻͬʱų༼ܡϱߡ
Ͻ໯ΪޣתۻһɫǳΪ˷ֲľˣذ屻Ʒ
˲ǾǱ˭סˣȻûܹ
һȻһϢϢĴԶһЦŭתۣʮǰ
һˣһȭȻƵۣ
ƵۺͻһȭƴȻһһ𣬸Աʮס
ߴ⣬ԾؿߵĻˣһ㣡
ƵϢһʱңͻƣûüӦһߣĿˣתߣ˭
֪ҶʶˣҲһϱ֮սβɴսһͨʼ磬ƺƵ۵Ļش
ȻϢӵϢӿ
˲ۣɽĽһ߽֣ù⻪ĽһĿ
УȻʱʱֵŷ춯صϢ
һֲ˴գ׹һ
ãɫ䣬ǰղ֪Ҫ٣
˲˶ʱεİ֣·ϰס
һˣһһȻһ֡޻εǿжԺһ£Ȼûбκ
Ӱһ٣һ֣ת۾ͳǧ׸߿գһ֡գۣٶ˫˫ƿʧ
һϢҹбббڳ⡣¡һ£һɽ类˵УȽȽһֲĹơ
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߲ԶʮװдʷǷİһֱĿڣһµģ
ɫһһ׵İ˻һܣĩˣϣ΢ЦߡǸ޵дʹ죬һġ
޵Уߴ㵡
Цأ޵а


676 ֮ս
أ޵ѽ
Ц˵Һ꣬δı棬ѵüһΡһӣһ޵Уôܲһܡ
߶ʱ˴ڵ޵У
Ƶɫأӡ
δ䣬ߺƵ۲Ⱥ󣬼ͬʱԷȥֻƾһۣǶˡ
ߵһƵĴָа˵˲һôô򶨣һɳԶҵģԭһơ
ʵƵۣʵáı˫ˡ̫ˣȻȻϢľ׼ôһơ
ӡ
ƵҲ޵С
㲻ɫҲ¶κεĶߡ
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ץץͷƤϱˣҲ֪ǲڽͣڶսʱ򣬾˵ڵһˡȵľӡ
ĵ˻Ȼô˵
ϷһЦµҪҶ֣ӲôǡţǰͰ޵ˡ
Ӿȶϲãش֣ô˵Һ޵лҪǸ̫ˡ
һɫӰȻ֣һͲôˡ
޵С
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һۣһ־ۣǼлһֱۣ۸ˡҫͱУű飬Ѫŭ˫ۣ㡭
Ҳ棬չˣǹ˲Ƶ΢Ц䣬ŭĿҫˣѪծѪ
ҫ۾ֱһѪƵ̧һƺҫϣһ⡣
ˣһĻ壬
ɨһܣ̲ס˸ڣŶַǷ϶ԾǾͳǴһɡ
ԽǳˣҪҵСǾȥս
û벨аգ֪һɾƽһС
Ƶĵػףһɨĳǻڣͭһ֪ˣȴеһֲ
˸ԭذ𣬻ӺХȥɽҰֵС
£ǻ࿪սҵĽִս
ģҽ⿪ơߺȻһЦ
ƵֹκΣ࣬;ֹߣֻܴ󺰣սپ
Ʋ죬ΪӲء
ҲᣬĺɱܿΪơסרһϰ·ģ˵ģΪҽƵĽơ
ϵĽƣ̫ӣмҪ̫ļ߱ʦܸ㶨

սܼңۣ۵ĹΧܴɽҰһʱȫС
ǧһδģҲ߼ĸ߶սʮǰἫʢʱϮɵĹģҪ󣬻Ҫǿ
ϷΪ֮սҲǿƵϡ
Ѫֲ̫࣬˷棬ԼۣȽɽĴۡۡ
Сۣɱۣ˲ǹޣ꣬ϤǵмһУͻΪ۵ٮٮߣͬ˵ǿ
ʮǸģıһĵһ֡
ӣҲ޵С˴Լʮꡣ
ʵһսڳܶ˵ֶԵûͷûԣĪ֪ȥսΣҲǧģ߹ս
磬ģɱһǹԪǲҹڡǿˣҲûҲ룬ûҽⳡսǶ˵ľĳ仰žҪ
ӣ޵УۣƵۡ£ҲôۣоȻˡ
꣬ǳȴϾԤµһֱ
˻ʣ˰꣬˵˭ʸԤµһ֡ǾһĪ
ƵʼղϵؿߡκΣ۸ϣڲ֣ȣѪ˭ڳȥץסӡ
Ĵ׽ս
ƵߣʮۣۣѪֲνۣ£־ۡ
ϣݷûһͳսȣƴ׼ˡҲȷк˵ʸʵ
ĪҪˣǹ˲ȫʵƣٶģΪЧ۲С
֮ս̫ܣƵ۵ݣҲЩص֪
ߣȻûѦȥ˱߸ԼҲֻоŴۡϣڸ߶ϣȫ·磬û־ۡ
Ѫȣץס˦ɱۣΪâֱߡ
;ɫĽ糾һȴɱȻ·ѪһǿнѪˡ
ϡϡƵ۽ȣĮ̧޵յϢԱ֮ѹ
ɫ䣬ͻǷҲܲ·Ӧص
ᣡƵȣȻѪ
ǿд룬۵һͣһȵϢ֣Ϊʱһ㣬ֻʣ־
ʱ̫ڳһߡ
ǿҪ࣬ȻһҫĺɫâƵȻ֡
̫Хƺһˣϲһ㱻ţǸһ˿е꣬һ亹
ԭһֱһ𣬳Ĭԣ˵ɱȻһ˾ʾ޵ĸ֡
һҹڣһһۡƾһɱ͸£ŵĳ֡
Ƶŭƺ߱һȭˡ
κΣΪչ۵۽;飬̫ս飬һʱסҲѡ
û֪ƵΪʲô
֮߱ǰƵȥȥʲôû֪Ҳû֪־ˡ
ֻƵ۲žģ֪ߵĽƱǽһʲôĸ֡
ѧʿ۵Ĵڡ
̫ս飬Ǳȼ۵ǿߡ
࣬ս飬·֮һܴﵽǷ켫Ǿ۷֮ˡ
ߵ࣬ս飬ͳͳﵽǷ켫ˡһƣжô£
ûԤϣƵڡƵ֪ڳ£ǿĶ֣ǻۣӣߣ
£ۡСɣ

ѪˣͰս̫͹˷滥λ˷ƾ˦Сۣߡ
ʱƵۺȻиУȻȥ
һɲǣ·˶ܸоһĪѹȻһ㣬࣬һ㡣
ϢȻȻϯ
쫷纣һΪ룬˲䱬ӣԲڵжݻ١
ɻƮ衣
ƲĹ˷ֵĿһֻĴӷɻ̽
޻εһȭƽĻš
˷һȭͷĴϡãصȻֿһֻץСһץסĲӡ
߻ӷɻд͸Ԩsš
ۣ峺ѡңѡ
˷澪ȣң壡
ۣ侲ȥ
䣡ȼյȭһڹ˷Ĳϣ͵ظɱ
˷һ˲䱻޾Ļûȫһ壬˾Ȼճɻҽ


677 Ƶ
࣬紵˷汻ճɷɻҡ
ۡ
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ģ˲޲ݣʧ̬
̶ʮǰ߻أȻҡһͱ־ۣίʵ̫ˡ
ܣɫ䣬ŭ
˷棡ѪŭӼ˵ǿ־Ǻ»ǰϲ
߾ԥĸɱ˷棬Ȼأ
ӣƵʼ仯̫󣬽״ε¶ŭҿԣһѪǺôôôô
ʺţߣΪôģ
ߴûش⣬ûش𣬺ó䵱֤ݣƵۡ
˹ԪƵ۶ġţͲġӷΪǵʱ򣬾ͷָ֤֤Ƶۡ
Ͼû֪ƵԭΪԭΪʲôȴ֪
ǳǳһЦ壬չϱǡ
Ȱ˵ȻǰһڵĺХգѪҹ
ս˫壡
ƣ˫˫塣
ؽȶ
ˮɫĵˮָһӣһɫա¡һ±ѣǼҹն˺ˡ
Ѫŭ˫ۣܿŭ˿־塣ǰδеĿֲȫ޷ֵķʽϮ
ɫĽ߶Ũ˵һ˲Ͷϡ
־۵ĻȻһͱ˺顣Ѫһ亹쭣Ъ˹ĿХ־
һֲ־ǿ־ֵһ½
ƾ־ٻɲǣҶܹȥֻŨɫɵɽͷϣ¡ɽʱͱóλʮףȻȥγһµɽ
ɽȻɽĿֱƵ˵ƶ˵ǲһ
ߺǺһЦѪءٽһУ

ս˫塣
ҡһ˻Ϊ硣ǷѪٿ죬ҲסҪһ˽һĿٶȻУϺѪһ׹ڴϡ
Ѫڵҳһӣվſ˵ʲôȴſһѪ
ҡָҪǿء
ɵĸνֲۣ˲ɫ䣬еһëȻ־ۣȻίʵ̫ǿˡ
࣬۷ս飬һ־ϣίʵ̫ˡ
ߺȻץץͷƤɨһܣָָνֲˣǣͳͳҵĶ֡Ҿ۸ˡ
ƮȻȥ߻Ӱ
һ˳·Сۺ̫ࡣȻ̧֣ս壺ʶһĵ֮
壡
̧֣֣֮Ļʹյ̫ĴܶȴҲӱܲȥ
䣡̫ɫ˲ҰףһѪһֻ󡱻ѹſʹһ𱻴ʮ
ޣ֮ѹ
ƵɫҰܣŻһѪᣡ
ߵһζǱһεӿڣǿѹסһΪ
ϸϸ飬ߺȻչգЦѣǽһΪʲôνΪ־˵кܴķֱ𣿡
Ƶɫࡣ߲죬ƲȴǿٵĿƵۣҲӦø˵ס֪뻢ѨһǰԾɻˣ֪Ϊ𡣡
һЦҪʱͻƣֻҪΪۣҾԱˡ
ǣۡ
΢Цһһ٣ս壡
´أ
߿ǰһһʧֱƿմƵһ׳ָ֣һˮˮİŭͷûƵۡ
ÿ죡ƵۺȻɫ䣬ۣҲֱֲƿռ䣬һս鼼̫̿͵ķˡ
ˮһ£ӽûƵϡһɼΪǿأüۣ
һ̧֣һػڽϣҾͲŴ򲻴һƻʵ۵ľۣ
һεս˫塣
ֲϢ˲䱬ι⵴һȥɽڽϡػ
ǿۣҲһʱֵסػȺһ۷սս鼼ʤ
Ƶ۶ʱɼķɳףǱ۵ס룬ҲʣµɽԪһλŻһѪɫĲҰס
ߺȻһЦԭҲ޵е
´أ
Ȼһԭʧֱڰƿնڹ󣺡ȥ
ĵѪɫӦ׹ȥ
ս鼼ʵںáһȻų࣬ƺƷųǵùˡ
ͭų߽סУ̫սѸٳΪߵ
ĪҪ˵ĺˣֲνۣӺ޵УΪҲĿɿڴΪһ
⣬Ҳ̫޳ˡ
Ҳ֪˭˵ģʵǰ˵벻ҲҲ߸޳ܵˡ
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ô㣬˼һøߴ
һඥڹǣһʱƲˡߵãһߴһ߸ս飬ԴԴϵ̫սҲֻб
˼һ£һ߳࣬һ߸̫սĳ档ǿӺ޵УҲɴһ
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ڳ̲סһ£ëȻĸо
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ǿҪзѪƵۻΪһâбɱָһӣֲĽ߼ͷ
ۣƺһװ
һ£һɽмֱӱɨг롣
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ߺƵۺ¡¡â֯ʱײɽϣʱɽȵУֻ֮ķѩʯ衣
ТӣҾĲ㡣Ƶ۷ŭ۽ɨӣһֱĶ֡
˷汻ɱ̫ˣѪ͹˫˫ߴˡжǶԵģ߽ƺһˣ޵УܵС
Ϊһ㣬ȴȻΪǿӺ޵кս
൱ۣһӾתƣϣֱ˴ת
ʣµν۵Ƚɽ󽣵ۣȻһЩˡɽкмùĹϵɽԲѡһ
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Ҫ
Ƶ۾ޱľӸ£ɨӣкȻȻĴܸлС
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ûǿһţڵ¶ѨУһܹԪôѳΪˡϧ߽ˣ֣ߵķ֡
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ʵûô
û뱱ƣЦʹˡٲ粨ܻŪɵۣͽʽ񶼴ղȫǿ󣬸ġ
ƽƣ޷Ĵ˻֮һĶ˻ʣضڱϡ
ǧܵȻҵ񣬳Ϊ
ȻûȻһǾûȻˣԱƶ˻ʶһ
û룬ôе£ı䣬ʱյУĿȫǡ
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ɽĳıߴɽһɳ죬ָһĹ⻪СʧˣȴûУֻ춼ɴܵӰ޴ڡ
ʮһߵӰ޴ڡ
ƵʧˣɲǣɫĹ⻪žıѣȻҵıΡ
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һգۣƵҡһֱڵһֱ˹ȻϢ䣬װɱĻһ
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ͣһɫһѪҲ֪ǱģǱġ

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682 ˻ʣɫֲ
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ҫˣһлȨûˡʵҫţϲߣҲĬ߳Ϊʴ
ʵʵûʸ߾Ѻ󣬻ˣһɫƽӹ֮ͱԵˡ
Ϊ࣬Ӿ£ĪҪ˵ƣܺ߱ȼָ͵ģǧ꣬ǧ꣬ҲΨһ
ڵһûһǿ࣬ϵѧʿûһҲаʮҲ־ϱ߻Ͼء
˵£ܸϣģȴб½Ϊ׵˵˵κһ򶼲ǵһʹһڵһûдﵽһ
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ϣʵϣûˣ߳ΪʴԼ⡣
֪ϻʴ֮λߺƵ۵̸гɹһ֡
²ؼС۰˲Ⱥܵûв̸С
෴ϵ棬ѪȵʲõĲˡ
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аۣ꣬ӡһԱȹ˲һ൱ƣ̸еĽȻߡ
ߵҪŵǣηŹ˲뿪ơ
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Ѫ˵棬ڱƣǲܶģҪһ䣬ǹ˲ߡ
ִȹ˲뿪Ϊۣ˲ڱƣҪлʴΡ˲ûзرƣλ
ߵ˵ʣǷϵ˹˲һ·ʵ˵ƤڽѾûˡ
ƵڣѪʵ뿪ƣ˵Եģս
ϧߵ˼ס˲ڱƣ;ԲرơᣬҲ޿˲档
Ѫ˵͹һµģϵǹ˲ߣʵǵӰ첻̫
Ҳںʲôʲô㣬ֻǣҲ뿴
ߵı̬ȷοϷŹ˲ǰ겻ϳ֣ùȴɱ˹˲ڴȾ£ٿһ߱Ҳ̸ֻˡ
赭дҲرƣҲԲҪǰ
۷ЦԺĸŮ˵ĶѪĲţŲţֻ²˵޷ΪҪƹһͲɱǡ
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˵һĿ
⼸̸УҲίʵеᡣ͹˲ìܣĺìܣЭ˲ҲԲܷ
һΪ򵥵̸УѪȴϣ챱߸ѻɵصĲصݡ
̸кܷҲɡΪʴѡˣҪ¶͹Աʶһ¡
⣬ҪһĽӼƵţԷ߶Էû⣬Ĺٶˡ
ڳĿţȴ⼸Ȼһֱûʱͻ̸һ̸
淳߿Ц治ۡ
ߵʱ򣬻ëƮƮңעһѿˡ
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һЦϣԽʧԽԸɡ
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686 괩
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Σɬ죺֪ˣʲôְҵȵʵ۷ոߣǾᡣʲôְҵȵΣա
Ǿһǵһ塣
߳Ͽң񽫣㣬ҪҡϰңΪҺ˧ҸΪˡԸ˿ϣҲҪΪ尡ڸͳΪ֮䣬һ൱ѵľ
񽫵£ƺ̲صЦ⣺˧Ҳҵˡ
ߴ̹ȻҪȻɴɱҰɡ壬ʵ̫Σˡ㻹ҵõΰ󣬸Σյְҵ𡣡
ᣬҲǱɵС׷ɱҲô̶ȡ
壬Ǿȫĵˡȫ񹫵Уܿᣬͺʹ
Ҳɱ㣬ҲܡƺЦǾΨһĴѪ塣
ܻƾʲô˵壬Ȼûôָ¹Ϊ¡ûָ¹ΪĹ£ⲻǡ
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߶һûжôΨԺôΣռΪСµԷ񽫵ʱ򣬾֪·ˡ
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ˣһۣƣ֪Ƶˣٺ١ǰ±°ߵСֻ°˵ķݣҲȥ
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֣һ̵ɱ죬߾Ȼ˻ƣ˵ʲô
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˵岻٣ֻഫϣ»ؼҡʣΨһˡ
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Ȼɹ㲻ǽʱյľˡϻɣɱˡ
ߵͷɲĶ֣ǾģϳңΪࣿ˺ãã񽫿϶ǿĳЩҳ
ǵġ񽫳ϣ㣬Ҿ֪һ㡣࣬㻹ս
һȻôʶҵս飿
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ɱ¾ߵĶҪˣ鲻Խͭһ
񽫵ľȻ˼ٰתһ꣬Ϊıߣ˵ǣ͸ƺͶЩ
񰵵һȥǰı
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ǰʼղΪһ˿Ӻľڣˡ
ᣬȻһŲѲļһﰡ
ҡ
˼תȴ޻˵ֻðڰ֡ûɵظеƣ
ĺۡ

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ˡһ࣬µսۣƵİȨƵ۳ͻѣȻƮȻȥ
ѪȻʧ鸴ӡ
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һ·Ҿ֪ǰδѡ֮£֮¡
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һڿڵŻѪɫѪ
Ƶƽϣкܶˡ˻ˣˣūͼҳԱԱɵˣÿһ˶ԼΪ׼򣬲׼Լλá
ͺ񣬷˾һҪ衣ͺūһҪһҪѧʣһҪһˣܹܶ׼ܳΪܶˡ
ǹģֻһ׼򡣺͸׵׼򣬺ѵ׼򣬾ѹ档㲻㲻֪ʹ࣬𣬻ھΡ
Ƶ۾Ӹµؿۣûһ˿һһλöҲ׼ˣעɹġ
ɫϣЪ˹Ŀ˲ɥķӡ
ӡôҶ¶֡
ƵɫŹֵĸһԶ֪ҵλãһףһ㲻֪û֪һ٣Ǹϻ۵ĶӣҲδ֪
ԣԶûʸָҡ
۹Цˣ˲ߵ·ˡİ취Ҳˡɥײϣ롣
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ΨһԾȰ취ȴһɱӵİ취ɱӣһ롣
ƵۻẔۣ̌ƽҽʮ꣬˻ܻİꡣ˻ʡ
¶һƹŹֵЦ⣺ûдڵס
۾ǵؿƵۣĳ鴤һ԰׵ƤɫǣеĻˣһĵɢйʡ
ƵǷʵҾһ𣬻һס
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Ըȥúˡºȥ
Ƶ֣չָ׼̫Ѫɫƾزһꡣ
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Ĭܾã˻ƵĻ
˵ᣬܷϣᡣ
ססս͵ã˻Ƶһбøǿף÷紵Ҳ֡
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˲Ϊ˻ʣ˻ʡҶɹһٱΪѡ
߿ֵЦˣתЦؿİʢƾţһӣɱڣ

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ָ֥ӹָûжᣬųʼʺͺۣ
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ЦЦ̣λǴӺζͭǴӺζΪλھޡǷһ񣺡ĳλ£֪Ҫҡ
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ԤڵĽҲûʲôֱ
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ƽ֮Ĺ֮佫֮֮֮
ͼУѾˡʣһʲôʲô
ߵһ֪ǺǻĲ²⣬òǡ
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ͼս飬
߲֪߬һѺͭãʼûҿͼ
°߿Цڵϣ°һ壬ҴԽĿģִиġ
Ψɱ¾ܸ
սΪʲôм޾սĺˣԲϣԼ壬ҲԲϣԼǴսִɱ¾ġ
˵öԣϵ̫֮ˡƣս࣬ÿһڲͬЩԲΪǹ⻷
ڵսϯޣط̡ǻ룬áʵǾͺֲܿ
߬סͭ߳ٳٲҿ

µУһֱ֮ǹѡ
֮սУȼıط𡣿ǿսǿƽĺۼ˴Ŀġ
ǵǹĽѣҲǹǵѡ
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һûб¶ݵ񽫣һ۵İ꣬һɱۣһߡһУ۷ģʱͳ˹۵Ľѡ
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ÿһһĲ򣬾İѹľĵڻͨԼ۵ıԵˡ
սϵĻܹɹһˣϵսۣܹۡ
ףԨϼͣͻƳΪ۷ս顣
רʼʣۣ̫ڣҲڷˢ۹У½ͻƳΪ۷ս顣
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688 ս𱱲ߣ
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չǵصĴɾһƬĵشܼĶԱ߾ط˳ˮһĳս
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ɾʹӾһҪŭĳ棬ðķʸ档
׿ޱ飬·ܸоأ÷ߣ׼ˣ
ͳ죬һΣҪ˶٣һʣڶཫɫȻǺ߷ߡ
׿ӴɾĹƣ˼תʮ󳷣ʮ
׿껲󳷣ز󳷣Ǳ󳷡ɵĳˣǺ󳷵սҲʵں˸еһְǰҡҡ׹
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ʧսսԻأˣҲ졣ԬԴ̹ǵᣬ֮ս߾ѹ˴Ļռ䣬ӶʹսĻᶼɥʧˡ
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ΨһȱģһŮͷˡ룬Ԭı˵ģŸλ
˵ͷսԿռǷǳҪġ
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ȥһУ޸û̫ı仯
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صϣɴͷβ˱ɫʡܴʱգŴһ⴩ʮǰɵǸսߡ
ϣͳͳĴ˵ϣһǲ輸ϳϴߵ
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ֹţݻһͳޣµ·ϣҪһٽ߸ʱ߸ûЦó
򱱲߸һ֡
ӣȻСۣ˲ǹޣѪӵһ۵򣬷Ѫż࣬ʾһ±Ʋɽ߸
ڶ۵ĸ߶ɵʱδȬίȫݻԱ߸ľ֡
Ȭɼԣӵ˵ǰɾȫ߸

ûᣬٻ˶ñ߸ѹжҲᶮôɽһս߸ľж
һɱʮʹӾʮı˴ɵ
ϷϷ߸
ǣ߸ȫǴɵô˵޵ıвȫռˣΨһûռģֻʣ±߸
ӱ޵ͼɵĺɫһ˰ٷ֮ʮıޣƽвɨƽΨʣϲطɫʡ
߸ĺɫڵͼϵĺɫΧУۣߵĶӻ
Ȼ豾ӪǰߴӪʵϷ˰ĵط
ǰߴӪǡڱ߾ǴɹΧǰа˰ȫǰߣһӾ½Ƕ˵ûĴڡȻȴƫƫִĹŹֵ
ӪһСسУ֪Ϊ˱ܣΪ˰ȫѰسеİͳͳɢһա
һ·ΪȵĻڳѲߡЩܲ˴һЩߡ
۷ųϣǣҲûسУЩִ
£ڹ⣬õսԡһȲ񵭣̲ظʵӳܸӺܶʣ˶ɵ˵
һȻСɫҰףȴȻվúƱǹӷ½Һ˵ĲԾΪսȡСɵսõġ
ͲСȴиҲдȵҡͷҲСսΪսҪģʺϵġ
һ½һ
ѹִ˵شӪ˹ܣ֪ɹȥһٶۼֻͻȻˡ
ǰʮǰɫΨһһΪ˧ָӹΰģս۵ѵõǣǻᡣ
½֮ɫһдСս۹ٴΣްܼΪ޵һΪɫ
ɵɫһ꽫죺ҹ죬˵
ˣֻҪϰ졣
ҹ죬Ǵһɫ֮һʮļս£ƽ֮սһͳ֮սǴһ߼Уȼдžս飬ҲͳŵĽ
ѵõǣҹ챾Ϊ˵ûʸδ󶼶ȴƾŹ˾²ŻսƸεġ
˶Ϊ½ɾãҲΪҹϷȻû֪ɵͷȻȻƼǰߴӪ
ĩΪҹͱ½ĲԶûĩ˵Сսɢʹ߷ɢս
ǰǣ鱨ûսҪʯΪڲ䡣豦
豦ָžڣսսҪʯ䡣߸ͱƣʯսչƲ⣬鱨Ӧ󡣡
ɵ۳˼ȻʹҹͶսǱʲôҳ٣Χס
ѡ½ϧˣȴҲֻôɵ۵նսӽӪ鱨߽թնס
ɵ˻ʣһɾڣסնսһɹɵţΪΪ߻
½սСսиĺáΪսʹƳԮػŻڶ޵ţơ
һ±߸ͱƾ޽޵ֿӴ˾С
ҹ۾Ź⣬ϸͼû½Ǿͷ
ûԾȻǿˣҡͷ̲ɨвʹӾѸߴİĿڿӣơ
һ٣豦һıһۡ豦˵δ꣬Ʊﵽϡ鱨ŵ
ı˵ǣδһ̲꣬󣬱Ʊɴﵽ˰򡣡ܲıҲǾõ
û˵ȥ˭֪˼ˡƳԮȻסһͳ޵ĽŲôӴıһ룬ҲǴµġ
ɵüۣȿڵս£սߴӹ˵
δ䣬һ۷ɿĴǰ߷򣬷ĻΪֱӴӪʡ
£߻ˡ
ɵɫ䣬ץסӷ֣˼ذסţˣʱ
Ǹղšսˡɫص
½üãˡ
ǵģˡ
ʱսϷһ˧ɾķս
ɾǿðŷʸ뱱߾أԺη̬пİսսϣսС
Ԯ߾ǾҲܲס˷Ҫİսýڽڰˡ
߾Ҫ˵ʱ
һ˷糾͵ĴǰһƾʿϤޱȵӰ˵ϢսİգһĿХ
ߣˡ
ǲ˧ˡ
ЩԱƵĽʿǣʱӰעһɷʺʿһźһ߷棺꣬꣡


689 һֻͯУһֻССС
˵ЦǴӹ·սΪڽڰ˵߾עһŵʣ긽巢棬Ϊʤ
Ц
·սѣ߾ڰзΪʤˡ˹źӰҪЦóǾһǷˡ
߾ʿ˺ٵ£ԾԶ𷴳ʱɽХôɶϷ¸еëȻ
ھǿߵԶġû˱Ǹһ֧˵ζʲô
׿һ֧ɢĸľӣ̥ǳΪһ֧սǿǿ
ǰġʥǵһȴǵһھзǳϸġ
ϱ֮սʵӰ̫ˡһ·ҵͳ˧ͬûоһսȴһԾΪͷΪ֮һӴû˸ľֻ׼жپ²Ż
ǱȨ֮սѱ˸ڣҲԺĴ˻Եǿλϡ
˵εϱ֮սǿаѱƶһͳսУһͳ֮սĴ˻ʵϷҵϷ־ʱΪһһĶǿ
ϱ֮ս壬ڣйĳսΪƴ˾ηĸʣǰδеš
һǰģƹԱһȾĵΪҪңΪʸôɡ
ӴˣҲڱƾежߣһ죬
΢֪·ս͹˵ϵ߾Ϊʤмִɫʣʵ̫⡣
ôշתʹģߴľ
ƾ˵Ǳ߸ĴߣĻɽô˵߸߱ԡߵĹâ¡
߾Ǳ߸ľ䣬ڣκ˶ңҲܳԶҡš
ûߣ߸ͱƻûٿܹϡ
ߣ߸ͱƲоϺȾ
Ǳ߸ľ䣬ǱƵĻʴͽշ޽ӽֵĴͳ˧
һз糾͵ĻǵĻȸԾɽХ˼ܰն˺ѡ
֪ս߾Ϊʤ˰죬˵棬û˼˵ﻰ
ܶܶΣһõ£Ҳһѹ޴¡ζźܶܶ˵ΣܶܳصΡ
սΣϴȥһƣͳû麮˵лֱӵͷ˯ʲô¶˵
̬棬ʵ̫ƣˡ
һΪ˱ǿԼҹڹɱ˹۵ĵ̣һ·ɱȥġ
ǰһ㣬ƾһ˵ΪûʲôǡκΣһ·Ű磬Ű۵ŭۡ
꣬һ˻ԼҹĺʹսΧߵ˺ۣܶܶս鶼ͻơ
߱ս£ٻġֻǣڹɵģʵŭԹһۡ
ʵǲ߲УܣǱǰűһٵ
ĩˣκβõĹǷԣ˻ȥʹաȻĪҪǽ˼䡣
Ҷ˧þˡ˧˺ޣҲйްߵʱô֪ܵԴޡ
Ȼûð֮踼ŭֻۣ÷ء

һ£˯һҹ
Ժʱһ۾ͿһܽܽǰʱһˡСѾͷʲôء
覷ŭؿôҺܳ𣬾ȻŻ㣿
֪ǲһ˫Ȫ۾̫ˣ߶к壬ץͷƤðɣǴ˶ˡƯ
߻һ٣һݹĽŮӣЦЦסſ
ʦпϲһԾǰһѱס£ʦþòأˡʵҲǺþãȥƵ۷ϹǰһΡΪǿΪʱ䣬ֱˡ
һɱӿȻͷ˫ֱأЦҲˡҧ˵ôĻǡˡ
Դ޴ؿӣ£仨֪Ƿ⣬ˮȴ϶ӡ
һԹ죬һЦЦͷģһЦ
ͷˡֱĵ£ĪڴˣϱⱲӶ椰椶Ҳ̫ѧˡ
Һû黨ǲݰƾʲôͻһ߰Դᡣʵ̫߹Լˣﹻϻӵĵΰ
ֵı£˼ôʱʮ椶ӡ
̫ˡ椶ôһģ˭Ǵһģ
ԴúһʱժȡӣһԹ߷ߵؿ
ʦΪгɣձֵúܺãȴ͸ˣĻĿתɹ߷Ρ
Ӳ֪ǹģģظؽԵøӲЩЦߺ󾱷
ȻиУһۣȴ˶˼һϮȹѻվݶϣ赭Ŀζ
һĸ
ǰһһ󺰣ƷˣҪˡжʵǲĵӺɡ
ĸ椶ûʵ˵ݼ̫ˡ
߷ֻεǣǾεˡεǰȻһ׮ݵ¡
񡭡ĳ˻ͯУ

Ƶۣߵľ
߸ûгưԣûѹ޴ϲԱΨһûбռĵʵһֱܷǳѹսǰ
⽻Σõȵȣֶ⽻ϵѹ
ȸСĹңĴεĳ˼ֶΣͼѱ߸ԼӪǶԿɡ漰κ;£ܾ
ߺͼǧܵ˺ü꣬ײƽ߸ȴû֣кܶԵʣҪΪߣЩϸǰĲ˴׸ԡ
Դ˵߸ĵλ̫ˣһѵڴɵϡ
ȥ꣬û˼ǧܵȰˣ߲ڡǼ꣬߸ȻλˣǾսɵ̼ޡ
ô˵ɣԴ˵߸֮йвȳʻҪʮ
ƵۣǱⱱ߸ŭɡ
Ҳ˵ߺͱ߸һģŭŭˡʵȻԴ˵߸ߣֿܷġ
ûߣ߸һطߣ߸Ǿǿ֮һ
֮߸ڱ޵ĴùͶˡݹӮЩİչ
ȥ꣬߸ΪԱ˴ݺʵʩߡûԶûѡ񣬱߸ǴɵвһӴʮв
ǼֲڡֻԹԱ
Ҳ˶ڱ߸Կһһͳ޵Ĵɡ
ӴˣҲ󣬱߸ʱٵѹǶôľ޴
߸˿ԼǧУƹ̲޷ΪԴءĿǰֻһٶʮжʮطѲǼˡ
߸ٵģȴǴʮΧ
ıĽ֧ŵʱ򣬻κ˶ޡߺɹԼɹֵ
Ҳӵۣ˴ɲ꣬Ȭǣƣŷִս
̶ܴϣ߸ı£ܳŵڣһ濿γɵģҲǿЩԾ޸صĴ˲ź͸֡
⣬¶˵˵һ䡣ҲҪ
ȥʮһѩ캮ضʹɾŻ˹ơҪָ޵ľɣӰ첻󣬵Ӱٻǻеġ
ۢԬˣ߻㱨˱߸ǰĴ;档
ͷȥս
һ٣ȡ꣺壬ȥ㡭һġ룬ȡһڨЦ̫أǷֿţⱻһ򾡡
ʧЦƮȻȥˡ
һȻֱѧˡҲãߺȻ಻˳ۣ۲Ĳ
Ϊ׵İ˲ˣһ棬Ҳ֪´û˵ʲôЩ½ͶЧĸˣβķҪ
ۢ˵ͬ£սܲıȻдʵϺݣϸĵؿһ£ʾⲻͬˡ
һᣬѰŵųһһսҪδ򡣡
˶٣к׺ʮ
հˣһµ߸磬ưǰ½װ˵Ҫġ
ҪġߵͷЩϱ֮սɻģԼսװ
ľеս͹鶼òˡнݾֻһս鶯սתսõװȻĺͽװƷʣҲֻװһ
ƾŵ;һɫǽɻĹװȫѡõװ
Ϣҧס촽߸磬ܶ˶㣬㲻绹Ǽһǰɡ
̧ͷüڱ߸ûְʲôڱ߸ֻһְ׫覵ġ˽˰ȫʡ
ϰߵĹιͦǼ⣬ЦҼǣӰšס߸ı߸ҵġ
ҲŲء߸ǵġӺ˵ɴѹܰġǰĲҪġ
߳Ծؿӣſ˵򡣲֪ȻѾֳ൱ǻء
ŮɼƻƺĳɹˡʣһƵۣ

֪ɵĺӶԱ߸֮ս
ӿսƽÿһǰߴӪݣСΪһΡ
ӪྩȴҲסΪ˻ʵɵۡκΣһһԲϢ
ž
ѣɵɫİŭҧߣһ˺õĿ̱쵰
豦ڽӰУĵ͵ɣ鱨սߵľ衣Ҳѹ֣Ӫϻʡ
֪ʵΪʲôŭ
Ƶۡ߻죬ϢһǶ⣬ʵޱȵˤڴϣɵʵ۸ѿ
ʱﱸƵۣ濴ƺΪ˹豱߸ڲʿһ˵ҪȴɵĶ⡣
ΣӪܺܿյ鱨ΪôǱ߸ǹ⹫Ȼġ
ûӾڳﱸƵˣֱɵĴˡ˵ˣһ̬ȵǿӲ⡣
Ҫ˺ߡŭ
κΣ½൱ϣȰ棺£ʱҪģǷͶսݻ·£ǵ֮
½Ҫ󶫱ͶϷϷ£
սսԻϵġҪϷսԿͶͱҪСӵľ룬֤ԮٶȣҲҪһռ䣬ʵʩΧˣʹ߲Ͷս
Ψһİ취ϣľôɵġԣϱ֮սߴͷβûпͶսĻᡣ
ǷɢСս
Ǿۼʵʩս
ͱ½ķ磬ҲǴɾ߼֮ڵķ硣
ǰ߻ʹ߷ɢսӶӴʯϿ塣
߻ʹ޷Ͷսڹ⣬򲻳Ϯսս壬˵
۷ɢۼбɷϣǶԸսս
ս˵ϴһġ
Ȼϣĵսܣһսܣǻսսǡ
ǣҲǰ֮ǰе
ȡʲôսǴɾǰΪҪķ硣
ݻҪ·£ҲǴɾҪ̵ʱս硣
էȻһ߻죬սϨƺ߸ʹɺˡ
ʱĺƽڸǲסķ籩
äҲó˿̵ĳţΪ˽ս籩


690 ʮţǧɾ
˵´Ƽ
ƼڹЮĴУ񣬺Ȼ֪ôƺߡһʱ亹쬣ִƼζ
һ˵˽½У˶ƺţٳˣϲƺеġձƺΪ
Сɡǰ߲ǿʱڴʱеˣԽǿ󣬱ɫʾԽءǽ̫ˡ
˽µĳƺ˽½ʱձǳΪ˧
ȻԱƹԱ˵ߵĳƺͲԵ÷ˣҲڡ˧ָʹ¡ȳƺҡ
ߵݣʵһЩ̫ˡžְ
ߺƵǷĿɳˣܺЦʴͻʵ۵Ĺϵһź㣬˽ȴΪС
Ҳ֪Ƶǳʲôǣ߳ΪʴȻ߸󶼶ָʹָ֪ͬϱ֮սĳƷΣΣԪ˧ִӲ˵Ҳˡ
Ԫ˧Ǵģһ裬ͱضͬʱΪλЧˣһǧֻΡƸһζûУǵһΡ
ǣǴӱϷȥְһ˧Ҳ޿ޡ
ƼΪһᣬǼǵڳƲ˧ƹȥ
߸ûʶĶòˡ覵˵ͬ£һѲ˶սߡ
ȥٹ齵ƵּϷ˳£̲κвƵӲܶƴɵľж߸ս»ᱬ
ȥУƵּ»߾ϷСȻ󣬰߾Ϸսϡ
ˣ߾ӵʮһɫǴϷսľͽս֮ǿȾӱư˸֮ס
ȥУ·սƵּʮ߾ʱɵĶʮʹӾԮ߸ʮ߾һضսߡ
ȱ߼졣ѲһֱԲ䣬Ǳ߸ȱ㣬ȱ˲ŵ̡
Щ꣬߸Ϊ˻ʵǱģӭشͶЧҪ뷢ãҲʵֵġ
Ĺٺð죬һϵͳҲкܶˣѧĴ֮Ԫȴˡ߸ܰķչҲڴˡ
ߺð죬ͶЧߣǶܼ弴á
Ϊѵģʵ佫ⲻһܾݴϵͳսζʿ
ƵϵҲʮ꣬ŰͰһ졣ɴˣҲܿϵͳļԲȶ
Ѳӹܿ͹Ȼ¶һΣܶ⼸ͶЧʶһ£Ҳ˳ʾ˶δģЩɧļһ
ߣжǴɵϸжǸϸ
˭ںûں߸ӽ֮һ۶෽ɵĹ߻Ҳ¡
˵ӦÿһЩ˶Ա߸ҳϣԼھ޴ѹ¶Ա߸ҳϡ
֮Աǣֿ鴿ǳΪĵ˼롣ʵȥνҳϣǰƣΪҡ
㲻⣬ƾʲôҪ˼Һһȥս
뷨ʱһҪסһ˺ѣû˻һ

ս򵥣ܸӡ
гֵͳ飬Ծ޷
ɵ·࿿£ʱսµӣģսǰࡣ
ͬ⽨ƵۣҲ˵ЦʵҲΪ˴ɵɵ۱ε̫ˡ˵ʵڻûǸ顣
ƵۣΪӵĵȡܹԱߵĴǲ̿ͣ֡
ص˼ȻǡŮɼƻĴɡ覲ǻô˵Ůء
ʱųﱸһϵص¡ҲΪ˰ɧҵģչֹδ
ӷЦˣ˽˵صĴ̿ͣɱң߸ȥδӣɾԲ뿴·
߲ϣֻͷĬϡϾˣǱ߸ˣ϶ṫΪµ䡣
ҳ˱߸䡭ƺͱ߸һˡһŷаԾؿЦӣȻ֣Ưĳˡ
滳ǸɵС򰡡߾ԲĽӵжȡ
ЦЦڰɽϡ
װɫʣǲɽϵĺüƺ½õĻլԺƵָЩЦ⼸½ġһ٣ָָߵլԺ˵Ȼ۰ٱ
죬ЦãվɽϸĿ
˿ߺȻ𣬺þûЩŵĴˡ
ʲôʱֵľ
Ϊʹˣ˼ˡҲʦȰ˵̫顣
ߣǣҶˡϱƤˣСѾͷͱ߸ȵȡȻһСģ߷˺ܶѣܶಿ£ܶǣҡ
ߣѹˡĴ˻ʣᣬɣ˲ȵȡȻ֣˺ܶˣܶͷҲǺܶѹ
ͷ֣᲻һ޴ĹŵȡַʽЦ
ʲôϵ־ǿ֣޴ҲãҲãṹɿ
߿Цһģܼ׹ζȻһ𶯣ʵɽˤһδӡ
һˬˡһͷͨˡ
޴Ĺŵ֣϶ܿ֡һԾЦﳤذɽԺ
Ȼۢ׵ˣº͵Цô׼սɡ
սǰҪ֪С
ۢسģǸϸϢҲأƹ˿ӦļǼޣļ
ءߴϣҹȥҪҪľҲúܺáסĪҪļˡ
߸ļһֱǰߵҪģԾΪҲҪﵽ
߸ңһʼһ㣬ɹ󣬺ôȴܴΪ֮أݵǳʢذձ߱൱ɫΪ
ݣΪ߾ṩʮ
ı߾нϵľʮʮһ½ʮ߲ӣʮط
߸½֮Ž͹ʱܳԮһǰۢͶ֮һرƣΪʴ뱱ƹ¡
ߺ͹˲ĳŵ֮һ߱ûʲôʴҲû˻رơǷѪ˦ֲʱˣԼ
ۢû׸壬ȴǱ߸ʵϵ׸ĥ£ץסҪ㣬ܿԼĽ˵ǰͻ
ףʮ˵ת
ðʮ̺úǰЩȥְرƣαָӲְ
ʮ㱣Ȼǰʱ´ԴҲ벻ʱܳΪһ߹١˼ϵǱ߸ڲϸ
߰ڰ֣򵥵㡣
ǡʮ룺ǶѲϸֻȴϸ̫Ҳ̫ºһ򾡡
ϸѣ˴ɣٺõϸҲûáЦЦף˵
̧ͷԵ˲߶ڲѲ߷ڲ߷˸ʹӾ졣
ߴײĲͣҲȻЩ޹شֵ£ҲûҪ˵ǰ֣Ӫǲ硣
һǰһϮɲһ׮¼ǻɣǴɿ
ߵɫ޲һ䣬׼ȥϱ֮սδһ¡Ӫɳһ֣ӲƵĹԱ硣
ǻɡ׵īɫŨɿǡ

һΪ𶯵ķ֡ҲֻмĽܶһ
׵ԣȻû׷ڶ鱨ŵλϣʺصͷɫء
һ٣鱨⣬֣ȷϣ½ɾҹһڹȥĸµУֻÿ½¶һΡ
ɣ½ˣǰִܵɵǰߴӪˡ
ۢ˷׷ɫ䣬ɤ˻ƣ½ҹ죬ִܵǰߴӪˣǼֱţ覸ɫס
ҹ컹ãʮȵ𡣱½ȴǰĴͷ䱱½ƽްܼµһ
˵½𸴵һ죬Ҿ֪սʱ򣬿ִܵǰߴӪϡʵ̫Ѱζˡ
߲ÿɷ񣺡ɵǰܱж٣
һ˶鲻Խ̿ˮۢɫĻ˵һʯ쾪֣һǧ򣡡
һǰܱΪһǰﵽ˰򡣰ǰ׻һǰﵽһǧ򡣡
ߴһǧκһ˵һԿµ֡Ҳֻս׷ɵŻһӵǧ¡
Դˣ߲̫⡣ֻɺȻ֮٣Ȼϱ֮սĴ̼ԼʱĴɾһĽ߸ľˡ
ڱѾ޵ˣôҪôǶԸսҪô׼ֶ޻ޡ
ʱڵٷ֮ǧߺս
һǧһһͳ޵ĳǿ˵һ̫֡ƺƽ¶ɨв󣬱ҪʱҲܼϵʹӾ
ޣޡ˭һͳһޣרʹӾǧӣѡɶһЩʱ䣬ġһǧҲڻ¡
̫ɵʵҪɺͱһµ˸ӣĸУϲѹв
ʮܼͳϽʮš
ţߴıơǹʱ˻ʱеģڹŴһ̶ơٹʱģСˣҲˡսλûʵҪʽ޳
˺󣬾սλżĳΪʱơһȾǴģսл֡
ʮʮšбΪʮ򣬱ΪʮšۢһۣΪʹӾ
°ͣȻһЦɹȻһȵĹȻȻ֮һıܼԦסʹӾؽţԭ
Ц
ԬصǰɴвϲϡէƺֻʮǣʵжʹӾڻڱء
ţδѣԸսġϥǣҲ֪ϵĿġ
ǧܶս߳ܲսıж٣
Ԭһۣ׵ͷݽ鱨Ӧ֮䡣
ԬصĲս㣬ɵǳڵ춨ģڻһͳ齵ĸѲġ
üⲻǺϢҲ˵ɲĹǣ̫ռķǣ̫
ǵġԬЦֻʮѹϲֻʮѹв
˲ûȫռϲΪʲôҪľӣ
ԬͷɥΪûȫռ죬ҪʮȫռˣǷû̫ǡ
̧ͷĶǵ³вϲǣƶ
ɱطҲζš
ɫҰףۢǰһڣ˲߸еһĪľĶǡ
ޱ飬˹˵Ҳ˵ǽ࡭˰Ľ
˰
֣˵©ġ
ϸϸľ׽֣ʣȴԾɺ䳱ʪǶеһֺ⣬Ҳ⣬Ҳ
۵͵峺˰սǻ濴ءңûɽʧԲԡ
ӵ˶ãȻ̧ͷֱΪںʧǡ
ЦЦҲã˰Ͱ˰򡣽ΣҲսȫһˡ
Ǿͣϱ˴ˣһɡ
ȻЦȻЦòˡ


691 ƵԶΣ̫Ӽ
ǰߺʹ֮ս
ΨһԮģ߸ʮ򡣲Ƶ۲ɣߵʱڹ磬߸ûܺƾԮҲûЧս
Ȼڱ߾Ҳ߸ڱԱʱԮ
Ҳƣߺ͹˲ѾĿ𡣹˲ΪκһٶûУߺ̬ȣ
ʵһ仰͹ˡߺ͹˲ġӹϵгͻ춼ڲìܡˣԵͷһ¡
һƾڻϺ߾İ
·һ·ʮƺƵڱѩо
ͷǰ·İѩظʵˡͲصӣǣսѵںѩϣȴޱ顣
ĸ֪ǼͲ鲻õı֣ȴû˸ǰȥ˵ʲô
Ͳһ׼ľˣԺΪ֮Ϊº̬൱ķһ˵硣
˵ͬΪһ죬ڱʮսĽ죬ûɷսӱһֱֳԭġ
Ͳ
һв̬ȵˣһӾͻȻˡͲزߡ
߽ʱյǱƾΨһԶԻģҺٻ׷ֲģֻһܣԷ
ھܺߡ
꣬ƽ֮սϱǵʲõƽõνҲӭһóһƹ
ƵּóǱڸ;ԺһǿҷԵġƵһУ˦衰·սλνףǿͨóġ
ôΪ˸ŲλãսȾӰ˸֮׵óˣнʿٱɢ߸
Ҳ˵߶û˵ֱӾͰʵժˡӴˣЩʿǶôջ
ϱҲҪó˵ǣϱóڳ֮һַʽڶһˡ
ʿɣҲʸ߲ʵϣʱȷʵժ˼ҵĹʵ˼ҵȻʸ
սۣϱ֮ս죬ʿȥ˲һعӾǴ
߼ӷΪʴֲ֮ƽϢˡҲֻмͲִֹı׼ˣŻ
һӳɿĴǰ߻˧ǰ߶ʮֳկ
ǿءͲֳկģ˵Ǳ߸ǱƵϲ
ֳկĭɽկڱƺͱ߸ֺ֧󣬴˴ѳΪһҪͨؿҲһѹǵ
ӽʮ٣Ĵõƺͱ߸˫¡۷ֱ૵أСС


ս˶ǰߴӪͳͳ˹ơ
糱ĴɾʹӾһĲŭХ뻮һǰƽԵüꡣ
ͻȵȣڴӪ⼯ᣬؿսȴҲУܲеĳս
زᲽͻٲȵȣһս󣬱ɭɭָ򱱲߾ߡ
֮ĸִսеëȻǿսв
ҲۣսѪɱɾĹкϤĸо
һǰ͸ϣΪһµĶսУôĥʱġէȻһƺ˫ģܴ󣬵ʵֻǺܳĴ򷨡
սУʱʵôġ
ϱ֮սмֵľսۣʵһͷһβδսʱ򣬶ôƵĸ湥λãս
ܶ˻ΪΪ߱ɫʵս۶ֵģԶǾʤһɲǵս¡
ʵˡսھʱ򣬶൱﷦ζģҲûκεĴζ
ʵ£κһˮ׼ϵ˧׵ķսۡһʾһѾڳսУۻ൱ơ
һģڰϵĴսϲġϱ֮սӱֻһ£ʵǺܷġ
ñϱ֮սǽֵĽβһսȴû֪ڸϣķս֮ǰһµĳսУ˶ѹ
ڳսУۻ˶ơʹϣƸ۱ˮһս
ǧʷϣģǧϵĴսᳬΡ
ûʷ飬˭жϣһսҪáߵƲ⣬һأҲϡ
һأ̫ˡ
Թ˲вӰһ֮ȥ˲̬ԴǣвΪ˲̫侲ˣ
򣬹˲ȥȻǰ֣߾ʲô
ҲΪ㣬߸еûԼоҲ˲кҲ˵׼
˲к֣ǾһǳΪ
֪ڵʵһһУûɱҪ˵
һЩЦɣ˲ֻһץסĻᡣһλᣬȥ˲ѾˣѾʧȥˡʣģͲǿıʵֵġ
ڵΪѹκıơ
͹˲֮䣬ʣģ֮ս˲ֵʱ򣬾ľս
˲ŹĻᣬҲԲһεɵҲԲŹ˲
£һ١Ǹӣ

սϵɱÿһΡ
վڸ̨ϹսһۺŰս飬Ӫȥϸĵļ־еװϸĹ۲콫ʿǵսȵȡ
û˸ҷϺŰǵľ²ŻһʷʱУԶҫ۶Ŀһ
Զһ
źҲãҲáһս˵̫İˣǲдһľ¾սûмֵ
ǵļֵһľ¾飬Ǳľ²ŻΪһһκһʱĲŻǳΪҫ۵ĺǡ
˵Ҳˡǰû뵽ͳ˧ʱʱҲûһЩߵʱ䣬ܸϤޡ
ǣźͰڲòϤǶԾ޵İڲܸսϵĽ顣
սͨģǰΨһܸߵı԰
ջ񣬿սΣ
ʱûз֡һȺıһҡͷʱûаѾʹõ˼
ʣϣļʹþ;о½춼Ϊ֮ǰһǶԸսһսǶԸڻս
ϱ֮ս¡ս󣬸ϣĵһϵսսãɿľͳΪоľս
սҪڻҾţҪš
ζսѳΪһ빫ľ¿⣬ҲһԵ⡣ɣϣѳΪսĿߡ
߳һյϣһʮķųһڻҾš
ɨĭڽ㣬׼չ档
ʱ󣬺ҵڻҾţһĳ׼Ĵɾ
¶ʮˣЩѿڰװѩظУ׳ᶨ
һ죬սͶŰڻҾţƾսһٹʿ
ڻҾȺηķ棬ʮ򱱲߾󷢶ȫ߳սһսѴϾʮ˰߾һǰƽ
ǰ򱱲߸սսͷһ£ɾǼɵӣƲǿңеսζ
Ȼ̵һº󣬴һٶ١ҵĹƣսսһ¿ʼ߾ڽڰˣֻгˣûһǰ
ͱ˵˰ʿĵһսͬʱҲζţսֽ׶νˡ
ǶѮصģ֮һֱæڸ񣬼ӣѦӵսģͶЧġʼϤ˽ս֡
ʱ䣬ҲǴɾս·ʵʩս˶࿿£ʱսڡ
սսġս壬־ʽȫӹܱ߾־սԶս١
ɺͱ֮սתһ׶Ρ
ߵĽӹܣԲ߶սʹһ׶սٵʱ򣬱ڡɢͼбսԷһѡ
Գʮ౱·ֳկƺƵǰִﱱ߸½ƣƣ϶ڣͲصȵȡ
壬߾ʹɾչҴսգɵһԮ٣ǰǰϷڻڱսʹӾеһʮţִǰߡ
ߣնʮ·ٺִͨﱱ߸գӦɣȸ߼졣
ʮɵڶԮִһӱı˸š
սŽǳ죬սƻ֮ȥޣޡ
ˣɵǰ߱Ѿʮţߴʮ
߾ǰ߱ʮţߴ
һιģ޽ӽǧĴսˮķʽȻϢ١û˻ϣҲǧƴ𺳣ĵĴս

˵ߵǴɾ
֮ĳһգҲʷǣһ죬ʮ塣
һ죬߾ɾȺԷ
ҪϺͶ߲ȡƣͶڻҾţκСţԾķʽ߶ǿ
ǴɾҲֲڻҾǿڻУһߡսʮ򣬶ߵڻҾŽһ죬սһٶ
һαؽ޹ĳģսôĻˡ

ơʹ
վһһ£ƵɫεȻһǱǺˣŵˣ
ǵģ¡紹ףȻȥһˣÿƵۣȻеһΣԲ߶Ľ
šƵصͷʾȥȻס㱳ޣ֪Ϊûгͽ𡣡
ĬĴȥ
޵ĶӡƵ㱳ޣͲܱȥɡ
Ĭתߡ
ƵıӰֱʧһܿøӣ
̫ȻǰƵ΢΢̣ټˣʱˡ
죬ˡ
Ƶסһ使ôЦЦ
ļ죬͢ٹٶе൱ķѽ⣬Ƶ½һЩֵּ⡣֮һǺ;Ժ֮һΰѶϲþȨߡ
ΣںĪ£ƵҪԺ߸ƣΪһбΪʮʹӾΪʮ
֪߸ǰƣҲʮˡ
࣬ζߵ߸һֵܵùֶǾͽһ߸ս¾൱ܺ͡
˷Ԯ߸İ֮һ԰ԭͱ
뱱սıƾĿǰѴﵽһٶʮ߸жʮҲ˵ֱͳϽƵıƾѾӽһʮ
Ӱı»ҪһҲ˵Ҫ֮ʱƵ۵һ˾ͺܿܵƾ
һֲ֣ĹͷƤ֡
ܶԱһЩ²⣬Ƿ֣ǰڶʱڽܣսֱնβֹסܡԭΨһפڱƸصҰսȴʼµµΪ
ǰ궫͸ˣԭֱµµΪƵȴʼû׷Ź֡
ڶԱɵʱ򣬾Ժһúܶ˶϶ĳЩ²⡣
ʽһԭ밲ԭθ
úܶԱȻԭ²ǲ׷ǡ׷
ĳЩԱ׽ĳЩζʱƵۺȻټڸ;Ժ£ʱɫأϲɫ
գƵڳگ飬ƳҰȻ
ҪԶΣ̫Ӽ
Լگ飬Ϊ֮𶯲ѡ˵λҲȻ񡣲ƵһĴ󳯻گȻδ߼λ
Աͻľ𺳵ɵˡ
ƻȻ»Ȼ֪ƵʲôӲ֪ǹ˲ߵĳŵһ֡
һܶԱǶƵ֮ǰలš޷ǾҪ߿סӺãԼӪš
Ҳһ
ɽ󽣵ۣѪֲۣ
Ƶ۵΢Ц䣬ת޵Уˡ
޵аȻȻָͷǵڶΣʣһγֻˡ
ƵһЦһȷգߣ
ֲȽӶĸϣʵϣҪȥ

ƵƵ᣺ǵġʵۡ


692 Ȩ֮ս
ߺʹ֮ս˳֮Ϊɲߴս
ͱȷָӹٲһɳٳûо˭ͳ˧Ҳгٳδܽ״̬ɡ
ɾͳ˧֮Ǳ½֮һĿȻġ
ǰ꣬רݶ϶ˣġ
ΪǱ½ȨȴǴشС֮ĶȾ֮Ȼ½ʲôӡ
Ȩɡ½һͺɽ󣬺սսʵһȫµĿ⡣Ϊˣ϶Ҳս֡ɦϲζеġ
ϣҲǰ֮вһսܣǾһӢɥɨء
ο˴شս£Ʊؽϵ˴˵ԸѾ΢΢ˣ½ʵûȿֺ
˵о飬нܳˮ׼ģͳĴͳ˧˵˵ȥҲֻб½λˡ
˵۵ģ֮£³֮⣬һûСһͳǺεȹģͬϷ
ȫ粻ᳬ˸УѾݵġ
ɲ֮սһʼȫ綼֪һͳ˧ٷ֮ǧߡ
һҪôǱ½Ҫôʱֹϵ˴һսԲύҹ졣ҹһ
ʵϣٳûܾģǴͳ˧֮λǴ˴δսս˼롣
ΨһܽģֻɵۡΪ˽ս˼ķ磬Ϊ˾ҵһͳ˧ɵȻɵ۵ͬ£ִǰߡ
ɵǣǰߣһۿޱ߼ʵսҲɵһ
࣬ʵ̫ˡɵҲã˭ãһӻ϶ûпôս
ﵽһ̶ȵʱĻܿ¡
½㤣侲ÿι٣ָǳ湥
ֻսÿʮʮ֮䡣ǰű½ɫڻҾǿڻսϱ߾
ÿδԼɱʮ򵽶ʮڻҾͱ߾Լǧһ֮䡣ҾÿԼΪһࡣ
½ز֣豦һۣӪ鱨ûսսǽϸߡ߹ģսص㡣
һ֮ɫעսԼĪһιÿһλϰڻҾ
һۣǰ֪⣬սÿԼʮս
½صս࿴һۣҲ˵ÿսڻҾʮ
ߵͷԺ;᲻֪սҪϰꡣ
ɵ۰̫þµʱ̫̲ʲô
½أ£ÿ߾ܳ˹ģսĪ˵꣬£ǻǶôӴĿ
սĿжϣǣڻҾ¡ɵģݾƲ⣬ߵڻҾܴﵽôֲһ֡
ԲǧڻҾš
һ䡰ͬ⼯бĻӿںһͱ˵˳
ɢклʧȥսȨ뱻ܼ򵥣ɷɢ߷ɢѵҾһҪӦս
ȻߴǱɣһƯĵкսͶǧڻҾţڴɾڴƻǼһκ飬ȻɫЩࡣ

Ǻıû֪ôģؼԶɵġ
ȡģģǱڱǿģһȥ˾⣬Ǿͻ˥еľۺʧȥЧá
ΨһھЧòģֻдɱսӽ
˻ʣԲ뿪ʷΪʮ˻һģԴ뿪˱ʮŷһɵˡ
ǧʷϣųɾŵۣٹޡԲûвһ͡
˻ʵ޵УһǿϾΪһǿֻҪǹͣ˻ǲð뿪ġ
ʵǰߴӪλãڴɱ߾ս򡣾൱һתվɵۣ뿪
ɵ۵бɵǰߣȻԵ̫ðˡ
Ϊζ½֪Ӫǰ࿴һۣѶ˴˼
¸ðǰߣΪսۣʵڲãҲûҪսԷִˡ
Ӫʣ͸ˣǰǷ񣺡΢󵨣γΪ˧
Ϊ˧Ҳ͵Զˣ˱½սԣ˧֮λø½
ɵɫĿɨͱ½ˣ
½û֨ǵģ΢ЩΪˡֱԾһսĺսԡǡһٵʵʡ
̫ˣ̫ûսˣ̾ǰߣսº鱨жϳսû΢Եòʵˡ
ֱһսԡ½ܹʡ
ֱбרսð취źǵĶֲͨˣһ߱ɫ²Ż۵ߡ
߸ҷֱսذܡбն׵Ŀܡ
źһǰߣȡ࣬Ҳͻ֪߰˳ɲֱ
ʮǰ߲߶սԷ뱻Ͷҡˡķֱսԣƾڴǽ
ζȨ뱱߸ڣɾֳʮϮţɲֱ߲ˡ
һػλ߽߳ԲУȻԲֱֱӶԱɾڡǾͲǴԸԸսǱҪս
ĲԣҪһܴɵġĿǰս̬ƣЩ̫ʵ֡
ɵ۲ÿɷ񣺡½
½ĬΣȻ£֪¶һսսĿʲô
ɵۿָȲ裬Ӫһ֣ΪԽߣսԽࡣӪɣߣһЩ
Ƿ߱Ҫ
½Ƿº͵ȻֻҪս岻󡣡
ɵϸãʵɱߣǾͽһвһͳ֮··ȥˡ
ɱߣôףûţҲǱɣԲᱻ١ţʮ¡
ʮǰʱǲϲ˻ʡ
ʱչӲϲɿ˻ʡ˻ĳ֣ıһͳ£ֻ޴£Ȼ˶Կ˻ʵǱ
ܿ⣬ڿ˻ʵ˺ûСֱߺͱ½QһƾΪһƾϱ֮սĶްȨ
濹˻ʵģЩͷԿ˻ʡ
ߵƤӣɵ۲ɣ˵Щϲ˻ʵļһ
µľƣǣ߻ܽɾڡ
ǣҲð뿪ȥɱߡɷɱʧܣѾ˵⡣
ǲΧɱߣһֱЧʡ°취ȴһ̲ؾ޴ķա
ƼۣɺõըҸɵߡҲʣ¼ˡ֮£ֻдһ˻ʹҡ
ֱӶø߶ƴɱǾʹɱһǧ˰˰٣˭ûùӡ
ʵҪɵߣҲֵáǣҲţΧɱߡ
࣬ڣߴ򲻹·ûġοһӣһۡǾ仰򲻹ûġ
ûۣǲ̫Χɱһ۵ġ
ǵΪʮ£ĺĹȻɱǾţһɲߣ߻伫չ
ۺԡ
ɸ߶Χɱûϣɱߡɱɾһֲܿĸ
۳İ취Ȳѣ׶áû취߲֪ѾǸˣҲġ
˿ҡͷɱߣĿ֮һܴãܴɡֻҪλս·һ
ǻһͳޣΪɴʮһۡ
սʤ߽޷ֹһͳ֮·ɽ˳ֶޡһ붫ޣ¾һڴˡ
һ·ռ죬һ·ۡ󣬴ɵʵ͵ö졣ܽǡһһΣǳΪ񣬲Ȼ·һضûء
ǱƻʴȻ죺߸ͱȻһ𡭡ɣǱƺͱ߸Ŧ
ûкϲƺͱ߸˼ܲס˻ô롣Ƶƣ˵˼Ҳô֪
ƺƽ¶ɨвһͳˡĲĴûߺս⣬ڶһͳޡ
˵ˣɺͱƣǶĹϵǶѹ磬Ƿ
ɲҵȣϡϸ꣬ϣһͳµģͲǴɣǱˡ
սشһͳ֮սǱƣǴɣ˭ڱԪǰսʤ˭ĳΪ
ɵϸã˵صߣص㣬¡ǱƣҴɣ˭һͳ£ڴһ١
ˡɵۻ֮ս

ΣǴ֮ս
ҲڲһЦص㣬ң¡ҲϣϣһǵĻʵۡ
˶ܿ߸ͱǴݺĹϵ߸סɹƣסΪΨһԵĹҡ
ܴɣƽһͳ¡
ӪϣӺĭܶ˶ˡ߲ս֣ҲڸļͲص˵ί˼빤
ΪƶսƵԮܷӶս治˵ߵ˼빤ǺбҪģҲҪָսԱƵǶôش
ѰζĿ⣬ɨԳնˣõģ͹
Ͳص԰ԭͱĽ죬޲ɫǺࡣ
ԭңôֱӡЦ͹
ϱӲίҲûĸ̫ϸµ˼빤ֹжҲֹожרעǲһٶʮԮ
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ûͼͲص˶˵תָܴɳ̣ѳٶսΪߡ⣬ǰɴϷѡʹӾ
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ʮĺԹھΪȵһμų棬˺ε׳۵ĳ档
˳侲ˣҲضһƬհףޱ޼ʵûԴǣ˾춯صĳ
ݺ޵еĺūж֡Ȼ󣬿λʱ䣬ȻϢİ磬ԼķʽҫԼҫ
ޱ޼ʣһ͸ɾجΣԶجΡ
Ĵ𶯣Ƽ츲أƽҲˣɪɪս
ϸͺһŭģȫٳ̵ĺɫŭٶȣһһĳΪһ˳ͣЪҪƽڵǰϰ
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˵ûôУһ㹻ĺʵս档
ϱ֮սУûùų棬ҲûģսʵΪʱս̫ʺϴģ档
Ҳʮһμų棬ǿǰġ
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ǿҪɱ˵һڻҾţĳսнķ־ĳΪϱ˵ϱľҪһڻҴ꣬ܿڻҺϽ
Ҫʱ˻غߵĺһʿָǰߣŴ죺ڻң
־ĴˡĻͷһ߳ŭʲôڻҰˡһɱʮ
ڶʮԾһɫڻҾ
ڶ٣ɾսϣܶභػصܶĴӵһռһƵϢܿ͵ݽӪ
½üͷһҪǷΪʮ㣬ʮڶʮȴȻʮ㡣
ȻǲʽϽǰࡣ
ǳˣԮƽ⣿
½ɫأǺսֵģڻҾڻҾսߴӽ޽ս仯
ӽ޽⣬޽⡣ջӪ־񣬶ܷ棬ڻҾĹơζŰѾߵĻڡ
ڵһԤǰ취߱½װѵһߴɽսɾԮڲʧĲϹУձͶ̫ͳ˧΢һ㣬׼ȫ߱
˼תƣ½ѡ񣺡Ԯһߡ

ɾԮˡ
ı˷ܲѵĴϢߵսƾһȭ
ܺá⣬ת
ϳΣԣšϳ룬ɾšϳܾšܱʮ򣬷Ϊ·ΪһԤӣڴɾ⣬ʱܳ
ź䵿ţǿšһս٣߲ȥðˡ
Ͳأ԰ԭͱɽţ׵ԶκǽΪɫĽ죬ֲڶϺս
ڰգϸϸ۲죬ҡͷٰһ
ߵսһĿȻǲʽ
Դˣʹɾ󳷣ԮٲȻֻгƽ⡣һʱһ¡
Ƶʿ½սյ룬Ҳ׳ˡ
ǾֻԮɾһδεԮջڵһ߼ΪӴıǲҪġ
΢ĵ˲߻˿Ͼʱ٣
ı˿ڣ˵ûϸĿΪӦڶ򵽶ʮ֮䡣ܶ˱ѾӪˡ
ԳһԲ죺˧սǲ̫ˣ
߽ӹתսԹɾ󳷣ѳΪ̬½յ˼̫ˡ
ڹȥУֱӽǧɱ߾Ѿֻһǧľˡɽ⣬ʡ
ް߰ڰ֣½յкܶĿģ֮һɾڣӶʵʩնս
ǣնףҲֱնɵۡɵ۲뿪Ҳ׵Ľɾڣ⡣Ҳǽƾͼơ

ɶԭһʮϾսԳ˵ʱ˳šʣµĶʮķ֮ʹӾȻ½ǵ߿ͶսΧ߶ǰ
ǰ˵ϵʮʹӾУһʼ򼯽ǧһѾǰԮϾˡ
ʣ¶ʹӾ˶£սһԮϾһȥ˶ս
Ҳ˵ɶϾʱѾﵽ
ϣս۵ս̫ѴӶսϡ
ڶսֻʣʮ򡣶սΪƽʣʮ򡣺߸϶սܼάַ
˫رϣս࣬սġֻʣʮʮȱȫľšȻս
Ͼıʵô١½Ѵ˱ϱ󳷣ѱʹӾֻ࣬˶ģµı
ΪֻһǾʹˡ
ɱһֱѵ±۵ϱϻ˶Ϻ󳷵ʹӾ˱ԼʣµıطĿǰİ
жʮţڻڱ߾һΪڶݶӣʱܲս
ͷβһҲ˵ȥפرģвϲԼʹӾѾսģսģܱǡôﵽһǧ
ɶȻֻʣǣƵˡǶϾʱ߸е൱
á룬˲Ǳв̫ϣսپҪġ
ȷе˵Ͼһֱˡ
סߺȻˣ׼𡣡
ڡȻ֣¶֮ɫͷ˧ϵϣֻȴ
һЦ⣬ȽȽ⻹ҪѤãܺá
ôսǽաǿĳˣ½óҲóȻѾ˾޵һλ
ǾԶҪˡ

սʣɾȴƲꡣ
ˮһ𣬴ͿֻŵģЦǶҪ
΢ѹһΪαװ־ۣŰھǵС
һȭһţһĽžžѵɵذһ𣬳޵İѱֱӴݻ˴ɾã
Ҳ⣬Ҳ·˾á񽫿Ʒŭ޵ģش˼ôСҲûɱ߲ʹɴֻ౨Դɱˡ
Ȼݵٶȼķɿһ·ƻȴСûôɱ˵񽫽սһ
һᣬһѪαװУתӶˡݵ˷ŭ׷ɱȥһֱ׷ֱ޷ȥˣ㬵Ļת
ƻУʧܲСж˻ԡ
Եò˶٣һˣȴǼôΨһûлԵġһŻѪһָʰо֡
öϱڲԫ֣Ҳ
ֻס˵壬һȴǩļУһĸݽһݵ
һ٣ĬĬɨݴõľٻƬ̣Ĳһ£鸴ӵǩݾ
һӡ£һ֣·һ
ǱѡǵãԼֳǰ
ǱѡһˣΪҲѡ¶ʱ򣬼ڣҲ˽ȥڵķֺ;
ߣʲôʲô˵һǧǰѡϡ죬ѡ񡣡
깫£壬ĬĬؼУֳʲôʱɢˣһ߲ô죿
ա䵭߳ŵհǰӪؽ̱
Եһɫ䡣ŵ̫ˣȻеҲ˵ģֳΪġ
ҲĻΪսʤһ
ʱǷǩľڵķٴУִ˶ڻı߾Ӫ
Ͷǰߣʵֻʱͳ˧ʱơִʱͳ˧üΪôȻͶսʱ򣿡
벻ͨʵôû˻ԣܿݾصΣգԲͨ
ϧɵ豱½սָȫȨøûȨָսԣڣû֪½սƻȴǱ½Ծõֻܽܡ
΢վҪʱ̣Ԯǰߡ
ʱǰһǧ

Ӫ
Էĳ˵ǸӡڣҪ뿪Ǿòˡ
һ˿ӵУԷĳζ
̱Ӫߵļ
ֻԼĸ֡ɣԷΪӪָʹԷӦаǧְ취Ӫȫ̱״̬
ˮҡ
նɢɢӵܡ
ܶҵˣ֪ΪʲôһԼݣǿġԸߵģǾߣԸߵģǾ͵һϵĸ⣬͸
ֻҪ黹ڣѪڡ˶ˣǼţҹ᳹
ΪʲôҪɢȻ˻ɵġۺʱεأ϶ȵԼˡ
ۣվˮϣεգһһЦΨʤߣֵ׷档
ҵĳɹΪһԶվʤߵһ
ˮϢƶ͵˻
޽Ϸһ
ɽˮӶϴ山ϵĸ·񣬻ִɹһγһӴı
ᡣ
ǰִʦľڵȴߵĹУһоʿɿļɭȻϱʡ
˧ûеִȰ档
ҹصˡ߼ܹͳ˧Ҫǣ̵ʱض϶޺ͱޡ
ҹǱȻսģ֣½ϵսƻУҪһ֡
ҹվһ֣Ҫλһڣɼᡣһڣ̱ϡ
λһ̧ͷɫն
ʱܹ

ʱҡ
½ңҵĵһߣ֣ƺҪץסʲôȴʲôҲץס
ˣ߸ǿеġʼղϵĲʽֲ̫ˣܰս־ǿľӻ塣
ںս߲ںս𡣻γֽȻͬսǿȡ
ϱ֮սУùʽǽڹսǰϡ죬һѾȫںսˡ
ɾԵģһսޱͷųսԼߡ
һ򣿲
ӷʱͶڻҾս롣ʮս֮һ
Ȼ治ɫĲļͶսڻҲǾһǧ򡣾ʮսǾš
ԮɾĴεԮһߡ
֪һߣѶڻʮּܶȣζΪµսǿȡ
ӵһʮ򣬵ڣһڻѾﵽʮһһһ˸һˡ
һߵĲң⻹Ҫʮ
ʮɾʿİսϣһȫǺˮѪȳζѾ޶־ˣû鵮ֻƾűܲסĻ
裬ٻ衣ڻҾͶսϵĹУܵĻȫÿһ鼡ⶼľˣ裬ٻ衣ֱսӵɱ
һһٸһ
ڻҾӶսӵţֱûжеķһĳսÿһζᵹĴɽʿ
ȻգȻȴ˶·𿴲һ˿һ⡣
һʮɾʹսͳսûܳȥ½볷ˣҲ޷ʵ֡
ԴԴϵսˮһжǰԮᱻֲûоͷսסȥ
޶־ս⣬ûˡ
زѾ㹻֤ɾս־ˡز־ǿľӣҲʱΪκһأȫ߱
ӣһʹӾĿ־УЪ˹İѱ͵һȫˣȾӴܡʮڻսΧɱ
һڶһٸһ
ܿ죬İսϣĿĵ
ʹӾɾЪ˹ĿţѾѹ񾭣ǰ
µˣҲбɱģҲбģֻ£ʲôԸ
ɽҰģܵʿ
ܶ˶ţȻ£Ҳˡ
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ޱؿЩҲǱѪһĻĻͲأɽ
ǣͲص˧Ѿʱţȫ߽
޾һļ˻ţĿĵıܡżֱȥץ²ġ
־ˡ
Įԣţɾţܾţ־ţڻǽ
þţپţ¾šΪڶݶӣϣȺ򹥻
һս飬һڣɿİߵȥ
İսϣһڻҾηĶԴɾһչˮһĹ
ԣ˵оţڻҾڻ£ǶսȴҲΪ׺ǰչ档
񾭱ѹȵޣȻӿߣսޱ޼ʡ
ɾڶϵнʿ޲һڿˮ׷׿½
½޶Եؿʮ͵һĻûһ˿У
˧вıһ
˵½񾲵

ǧʯȸԶ̾еͬʱİսϣŭ
ֱ̺ʽըȫǰս
ڻҾսԼܵİܱͳͳǹ
۴ɾ翹һʱ֮Ͷ˰˰ڻңһٶʮߴ֮󡣵ڶߣҲʧݡ
ǲҪǮһƴı
ڱʱսϣüţƽţƳŵȵȡһͶս
̶һĹƣͶǧڻҾս
ϵĲ˹УɾΨһģһһķ߱ƣûĻᡣ
̶һ쵱Уƾһɫս鹥ƣͲΪӪǿôɾڽڰˡһҹͣЪĹƣɾѳ
Դɾǿսս־սϱ˵ģָһΣȴǱ½ҲĬϵʧܡ
սԺ󳷣ǸǶ֣ú󳷡
һҹ֮½ĵ·ˡ
Ӫ鱨У֧ս˳սۣûг֧š
һҹ֮󣬵ڶķսڼ
ʱմӴɱ߾̵ԮϾѾֻ߰ˡ
ʱΪ֪ǣԷ߽˳̱ӪĴץɺ͹Ա̱ɲϵͳ

޺ͱ޵Ľ硣
ʮƾʿЪ˹Ŀţ½Դҹ˱½ĳսĿ꣬˱һͨ޽磬ѱռ졣
ѪȾ˻ľΪעѪȵζ
ҹʿУڸߴȭͷһӣʤ
ʤɾʤ
нʿӿıɽХźһС
ս
ʶϾնҵĽЧߵĲԣǲϧսǿ
նսҲʮԵǶϾȫ߹ƣ̶ܿҡҡ׹
նأԷսǲУȻöϾ˼Ĵۡ
ǰߵĶ˧Ǳɫһ߿Ҳս٣ֻҪսֻҪܴͨͨȫҲֵá
ǰ˭ûܹնķߣã
սҪҸǱչƷߣҾҪǵԴ
ʮðջΪ㣬山ϣҹ£ռ˳ߵһ֮ͨͨ
˽Ҳ½ʱֻҪϾնߣоͻҹ첿ذܡ
һμжʮΪٺʹڣһǰѾ·߳ǧյִﶫϣӶϿƹڻðմ山ϡ
ʮ񣬲ǽǴǿľս֮ǿһƾ
˱½ϵսУʾ޵һҲðյġʮһ¶һ£ɾؽԪˡ
ϣƴһʮҲҪʮ񷵻
山ϣϾͨӳһƬضϱƶԱߵԮֱӽơҲܴӶֱӷƣγΧ뱱߸֮ķֱսԣҲ˳ʵʩ
ȻûȻȻ󣬱ذܡ뱾Χ߽ȫ汻·Ҳ졣
߲һܡذܡ
Ҳѹ֣½ھ֮ǰɵҪʲôɵҪģ£ߡ½ƵĽ
ʤǰܣҪֻҪˣôɲ֮սӮҾǴɡ
սҹϢڴ߶еʱ
߳Ĭ˺ܾúܾãɳƵ޵һ鴫
ûҲûע⽻ͨҪԡʵϣƳһڻ߸ǹԮ¡
ԳձӦɵˣ޲ɫɷףһΪյ롭
յ룬˶ĿڵߵĶĿۺģɳƵλʲôͽ飬˵
۷׷׵½ԣͲɵͿ־塣
Ŀ峺̧ͷû취ǾͿҵİ취
½ˣֱսϵ֣ǲ񻰡


698 ɨϣս޲ʤ
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ǻȥȥޡɵһӴһʮ·ڡǼ˻ʣǻȥ
ʱһӴɴҴҸۣ˱½һ仰£΢ʤȯգΨȱһٽ۴
½Ŀţٳɵ۵г̡
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ֲ򲻴ģȣϿ϶¡ڱ޴սһ٣Ҳ㯣Ҳֿ֪ܷɵĹƣ
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ν۱ۣΣȻѧõʲô
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УƵ۹һ˿մεȻ붴ѨУɫ׵÷һ֮ˡҵһ߿ԣһߵв˳е󡣡
Ƶۿţڿڵİë˦һ̯ߺ죺ұΪ£һ¾ܡʲôû˵ꡣ
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ͺáνۻǰƻȥץʵۣ
Ƶҡͷʵֻۣڸһ¡ٳڲסˡ£ķѵʱ䳬ԤڣȥҲˡ
һ仰û˵û´ɻʵѾȥˡ
ĿͶʡ
صƵۻȥޡȥ¡

һҹĹƣ಻ϵļҶս
оԲߡ½ҲоĶԲߡ
ս¼ңȻڱߴ󷽿ٶս½Ĳԣչ¶ǰһѾˡ
߲ӣذܡ߿϶ܰȻĴսƮȻȥ
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½ӷˣѾ˰˴ΡʵģǷ
߻᲻ȥǻ½ڼģϲŭ޳ܶʱֻƾϲã档Բ׼߻᲻ͱ
᣿᣿
ĬȻãתӪʦƣ½ۡ
߿ףòˡף߾һҪԮ档
½񵭵ؿɳ̣¶һص΢Цʵʱ䣬кֶܶûʹأ͸ս߷ҵȵȡ
ߣҿٶսʵһεĿģ㿴ó
Ƶûʾ߸ֻʮۡ
ɻһͳޣ˶ۣнӽʮۡ
ΧĴսߵʮۣôɢУ
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÷ָĵһָɳ̣ûʮۡӣʮۣҪôɢҪôС
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½ĿɱˣλҪĿ꣬ǽɱԷۡ޻ᣬҪĿ¾о
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ʦ۽һ־½һ顣һֻСһñνǽҲǡдա
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࣬ɵȴʮǿġݵɣ۷ֱڸأʣϴӪģȻôԼʮۡ
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½ۿӪˡȿģһɫǳ꣬Ͻ˧
½ݣ½ɫ񵭣½ĳ棬ǺεڵóԸһݣ
գԳصȫŴ죬Ծֵؿ񾲣ȴֳϢӡ
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ս˫ԤôһСԣʱĴɱʵǵòʧġ
ɵʱһƱǿۣʦ޼䣬ɱ½ҪܴĴۡ
һۣλ⣬ɾλСġһףʾǹʱͳϽӪֱЩ߼졣
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۰ΣͷҲصգأͳͳȥȴɾʱ򣬾ȫͻʱ򡣡
ս׼װ׼ǽһγ;׷սһţʮţǽ
ʮţһľţǿǿĲʵϣһűҲصװҡ򲽱
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߲ϧսǿ£½ܣѹϾһݡһϾ˳Ԯӡ
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С½תʦҲˮΪҪѴɡʧ֣ذܣʤһͳ¡
ʦҡͷޱ飺ֻһ򣬲ǵľ
ɫһ٣Ц⣺߸ҴһϢٳѡ񡣡
½ͷ죬ʲôϢ
߲߹ȥλһϢһƻʵǵ˻ʡ
½ȫһ𣬺Ȼ̧ͷ
ҴҵϢǡߴһһ٣ǰͻΪۣ
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ǳǳһЦһԲķХɾ
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½̧ͷųҵ⡣
һսĲ񻰣һսУȼĻԻ͡

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ֻŵԣܿϾֹסİϸһҡ˾ġ
ҲоƶȣƩߵ󽫾൱Ԫ˧ֵ̫ܳľΡ
վݲ½ܣһϢʲô¶һ棬½ܸߣıϢҲͺ׳ִģľĶҡ
ڣҹ첻ڣݲʱ˧ͻⲻס߽ʿ
սǿͷ̬ҲͲɶƵĴ׹䡣
޾ڻҾʮĶս纣еһŭͷȵĺŴɾ
ƣѳʮʱ
ɾΪӪĺ󳷣ߺһǰƽǿöκսϣǾǿ
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ɾս־ǿʯǸģҲʮʱϵ͹дﵽ˼ޡ
½ıϢһѴɾʿѹ޵ĵز
սϣһͶһڻҾʮսѾﵽƽÿͶǧսľܶȣǧҪһ׾ͼս飩
ζɾʿܿģս黹ս顣
¼٣ھѵеǰÿγ̣һսͶűܶȣÿһ˵֮䡣˼ܶȡ
ڷ£ͶűܶȣԲܳˡǾͲս
ƽÿͶһʿܶȣζţоһĸ֣ųһܹʿ
ͶŵıܶȣѾﵽƽÿսĵزսܴ󣬶ɾܵѹܴͬ
һȱڣȱڣģԽԽսȱڱ
ޱ飬ʾ⣺Ҫĵˣֱǰ
ֻһҪǰǰǰ
ȫܣ
ѹһ̶ȣʯᱻáҲᱻҳѺۣջ
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ʢƾţ׼
ػһȭǰǵıȭͷǣ
ɾȫܣܿˡҺĹǺ񾭱Ĵ󺰣ĿĵģͷӬһҴܡ
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ʮʢƾͳ˧£ƺƵƽΪݶӡǰߵսͳͳڻңʢƾŲơ
ݶӣǵһʮʮľţΪȫѹϣսѹ󣬳䵱ԤӣԼץսȵȡ
ɾСʱ˧ȱȺսܣս֮Ҳû̫ıܡ
ɽҰİܱĺţǱŷһǱͻ˷
ܱӪʱͳ˧ȴûб½ײйһԥܱѾˡ׷ϵս
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ڶߣ
ߣûеˡߵоӪˡ
ˣˣʱ˧ؿսЮܱһ·񱩵ĳһѪŭųˡ
һҪ¾κΣӵ˻һ۸ʱս֣ɡ
ڳУڻҾܿˡ߲ӵĳǺǿ
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ʮҪںѹ󣬱ʢƾź޹˼ɵȷ䶯׷ս
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ƾսһγھޡһĳ£ɾͲֻʵķ֣Ƕ֡
ʢƾżսϾĲҰܣȫߣѳɶ֡

ɫڣǹҡҷ
ս߰⣬ʱƵԮפҰⷽԲγ಻ĶģӪ
ƻϵǹ⡣
վӪ⣬תͷȥǰߵڣûȲı˵ص᲻ǰ߷ʲôʣ
Ǳ½
½սԲ֣Ѿˡذܡ벻ʲô취ƾ֣ذܵľѾˡ
߲УıذܡһСģû׼Ҳᱻ½ûüʩչĲԸ
ԣ½һҲս֮
ʲ磬Ѳ̶ȸʤϣġǲ֪˱½սԲС
ϧսսԸ㲻еС
Ȼ֡ޱ飬þû濪ĳЦˡϣܻǴЦһ졣
Ǿ޵һ֣ЦԿ˵ģȻǰ꣬˹Ц
ڨЦů͵Ľ˰걿׾Ĺİο
ָڣߴһڣ˹ս׷״ǳǳһЦλȥ߰Źǣ·һȫ
Χȱһ߷ųȱڣǶϷ
˵صĶϣʮʮͳϽʮʢƾţŰʮɽҰ׷ߴϾбܽ
ۺɱĬϵȴ
΢˳˼ǳǳһЦ˾ǷŸɴɵѪɽսȫʤ
Ծ죬ԮϿգȥ಻ľӪУһѲߵһҹѾ
һȣŭɱ̧ͷãӻԾ־ӽӲ˲Ѫشס
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ߺܿųս飬ݵؿݼ̹үӣݼҾо
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ݼ̹⣬ǧݼҾһɫľнס
ɣǧ;нסУΪϽס
֮ǧ۾нס
ؾǧӥʿϽס
Ļھ־ǧнס
ƾǧİӣнס
Ƚɵ񲽱ǧнס
Ľǧнס
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⣬߻кܶûпͶƾɵİǧ;̫ڵǧ׾ȽɵǧɱһɫǾнϡ
ԮפСͶûá
߽ͶŵģһɫǾнףϽ׵ƾкܶ½ƾûðˡ
ѿͶ֧ƾͶűѸߴǧһǳ˵Ŀ
൱ƾϣܻ屶˱ܻľ
Ҳ˵ͶŵǧƾʮµĴһɶ߲ӡ
һ֧֧¶սƾҪģҲǵһδģǳ

ѻѶ;У˲ͱΪ˵˳
ݼҾ;İӣӥʿڴԮӪŰ
ս飬öս
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쳷ս̫ǿˡ
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ս޲ʤ
˹ս鼼Ҳֻо˵ƵĹУΨսʤްܼݼҾҾܾ߱
۾̤Ӫӥʿɨ˷;ǿ޵С
ɱڵǰео
ھ־ڴɾӪصĳصŰ˵绢ܹмܡ
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ǴʲôطðģԮǴһʼǿάֵסʱЩսɱһս飬ظеս
ָܵ
ˣˡ¼پסֻţźɧֻֿŵĳУܿӡ
ؿӪأȼŻͷУսƾ뿪սһ飺ǰ߳ˣ
дɾʿ޲֣ôս飿
ǿɣҲֻµɵƾֲڼУΪսƣͲۡ
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صļ𶯣һ𵴹ȫʧһǴģ棡
УֻƽΪƽ̹ʺʮų档
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ӪһȻһܿ챬Ļ𣺡޵Уɱ
ʮ򺺾񱩷һЮųƣƲɵļų档ϣȫֱ߾

Դ֫ѪһһѾţ͵Уŭбû˴ɾǡ
ڰգͷйȥؾȫƽǰٲȻȫ׵ͲǹӳҲ˿֮¡
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ƾڵΪǶ˵һ֣ɵľ͸ɱǧս顣
ᣬ׵ǳˣɱϡ
һ˻ȥһŭź䱬ۿҪսɱһ־ǰٶ֮ȫ޷Ӧ
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ָһ㣬ۣͷѪɫɱ
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ȻһưһڵԴȷɣ԰ڰ֣壬Ҫˡ
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߰ǰˣԲҿͼ£ģǴģ
Ҫôսʲô

һģֹ꼸ۣҲһӪ񻯸֣ΪǱսⱻ񻯸¾
ؾţǿţʢƾšƾţɴԮԴơ
ƾֱһܼ̹ˣھӪŰѹеˡ
ͷβǾԵѹƾ
ŵĽѹҲûʲôֱˡսǿıؾţûʲôȴսǿĲ
ؾǿһϽףһϡþ޵ı׼ؾһǾʣһǾɡ
ǿźʢƾһɵнףĳۺ;սɡǰʮ򣬺Ҳߴʮ
վ޵ı׼żһʮľơ
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֧ڶݶӵԮͲŵĶ֡
ؾǿƽһ·ѹų棬ֱӳһȫ߲ҰܡƾϣӶһѹ
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Ҫ󺰣Ļɤۣ³ͱǿֲıɱһնɱ촦
ʱ˧ս֧ԮٶȡڷӵΨһȱڣӴܡ
ϣԲǺȥ
ƾţܱӽ𣬲ɽҰץ²һ·ֱ
û⣬ӴܵĶܱӭͷϣ˸š
ڰգۣ˵
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ʣµİʮ򶫱ϾʮţΪǡߣʣµ񳾰һɨһɨ͸ɾˡ
ʣµģǺɵ۵ĶԾˡ
ɫãһƬɫԾȻߴ󲽣ӭ⣡


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ʮԮܣٴδܣΧ·Ͼ
ʮģϾֱ·͸Ϯű߾ڣɱӡʮ򱱲ƽʧƽ񱻲ɥ𾪡
ʮ壬ʮɾս»Ȼ׷ָ
ƾѪɺӣʬ屻ΧĴһٶܱ֮Ķҡ
ʮϾ񻯸͸ߣϮɱ߸Ա覼߸߹ٵĴɱ
ʮߣǱɾڣһͶһǧڻսŰɾڡ
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Σʱ̣о޵һ½һͷɳ񻰡
о޾׵ػսоĶʮ񴩲山ϿսпƾľսԲ֣Ҳвһһ·ѹ
бѣҺռҡ޼䣬Է͸
б˻ʧ٣ҪıֱӼӵЧӦɲ֮սشĽڵ֮һ
Уɲ֮սˡһ𣬹ɲ֮սĵεΣҲḻеĹ̡
ɲ֮սҲ벻Ĵɫʡ
⣬ǳģʷʫϢľƴֺսɲ֮սؽΪʷŨصһʣ

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΢𶯣ɽҡҷһ£ɽˮָֻƽ
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˲ߣɵۣǵǿˣǻύ
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˻ʵ֮˻ʵ֮
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ܿ죬ƵԼеһ˿
һԪˮһ͵ԾɢϢƲסıϢ
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ν۵ȶᣬݾǿѹԵϢ߬סһѺ࿴һۣԵԾ

þãƵ³֣ΣȴǴ˻һ֡ɫ׵úһ֪ɱĲأ
ǵġͲˡֲĽҳԾؿϡ
Ƶ۱ҿԣŻѪľȻҵ޵кɱ
ǣ֪֮·ڣҪʲôҾ͸ʲôֻҪǰҳһΣ
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ҵ⣬Юȣɾ
ĵ¶ȣ£ȴһҲûңǴͷɥ·ƸǶһĳ
սˡȻսˡôսܣôսܣôսܡ
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ĪҪˡҲϬ粻ϳɾ͸е˵һҰģһɾ͸Уһˣһͬ飬һ𣬾һʳ¯䡣
ЦˣͷңزֹΪ̸ġ
̫࣬Ͷ̫٣һϬЦҪ㣬ֻûˡ
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߲⣬ϬȻܲµսڼŶΪұضս
һսģǡڶ㡱ϬһЦȻԴҲ۲ŴԡϧԶ벻˵Ĺ˲жôƻ
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ϢѣƼ񣺡֮һ߽ݾɾ͵ʥ࣬Ҳסң
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ͳ࣬ͭеս滻ˡ׵սˡ
׵Ĵս飬һ飬ƽ֮
߻һ飬ʼʣۣ̫ڣԼ̫ԪĴ۷սɵĵ顣½Ρ
ڸʲôɱ㵡
޵еһ±࣬ҧһСҷģսм޳һУŭ𣺡ϣ
ʥƣ࣬ҲƵġ
ȻǵһθɣĿٸս飬㹻ǿĳ־ս
త޵һ£ֱ̧ȣսĺ壡
޵д󺧣󳷣žžžײɽʯľȴһǸԴȻƭģ
δ·ƣϱֲĵģ
ͭɨ׼ֵ֮ƣŪǸ쵰һģƺ۷ս飬˲Хֱ֮
սĺ塣
߰һԾ˻ΪգһΡɽ̩ɽ
գ޿ײ⵱УнԲʮĴǱһö˵һ°жΪҽ
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ֹµһ֣˵սǧǿߣҲ˿Ϊ
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ŭ棬Ϣңһ˲ȻϢŷ
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Ĵ۷ǿѹۣԲʮվȫһͶصķʽſڵϣ
ɱ޵ĳסȹѣ۶ڱѪľֵؿƮߣս壡
ǿۿҪӴܳɹ߿ҵĵˮ¶֮һѪɱĺðȽȽƹһȦ
ݺ޵Уɱȴûһܳɹɱʱ촦
޵еĽȻ޴棬־һӴܣһ߻׿³¯µһ֣вҲʵս
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һɫĹâ쭷ɡɲǴ޵еŴȥžըѪ⡣
ԭ޵еԴ׹䣬ǰһڡ񡭡ꣿ
ãȻĹˣһ
ûᣬңң󺰣ˣ
ˡˡɨһۣѿܵɵۣˡ
˲ǹϢᣬȻ󱬷нͻΪ
˵תϰһĽ⣬ֱȡɽϥͻƵĹ˲
ͻȻǰͷԲʮľɫʱ䣬һ±һѪɳɳĮ

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˺ȻУȻɳɾƤһ־ռ䣡
СĲ©֮ɳ
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ƣ
߿ХɳĮٲȻĻ˺¶ԭĵ
ƵŻһѪɫҰ̧ܲһֺԪΪһײߡ
飡ƺߣžžײһɽһԾЦҾ˵㲻ͻҲգһͻƣʱ᳹׸ࡣ
սĺ壡
߹ЮǧŵƣһԾڰգǧʼʵۣΨҶ𣡡
¡˲һöεĺ˵ͷųֲѹݻһС
ƵһŻѪװɱֻ֮ˮ
ʥ
ິ߹Ц̧һб˰֮Ƶϣ˲ǳҲǲ©ƾС
ɱңΪ񣡡

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źҺҪǵˣѡ
Ȼ߾ȻܺһսƾУֱð˰ûع
㡣սĺŪʽŪ
￩⣬˲ɱһɱ˹˲һǰƾУκβöԷľƣƺһˡ
һƣ󳷣ߣҪս
һɶʮһߴЦ˲ҷɵˣɵ۱ˡʣһµҶ£ûҾѪԪˡ
һɨӹȥЦȻֹ
ƺڲս֮ȻʱѪ˵ĵȴǰ֮
ƵŻѪ߲

֮һԲһȻסΪΣ
Ƶһ粽ѳǰΣҿӣ
񽫴㵣һ࣬һŭ𣬷׷˹
ܺƾУҲʸսңƵͷҲأһ䣬Ѵصɵ̺һȷɣİ˴ÿѪѻڴɽ֮¡
ƵۻҰܵϣһƻعⷵյɡȭ࣬һߵһսš
ڵ꣬Ҳֵ֪ĿɳԵʡ
Ƶ΢Цһȭࣺ壬޽ʲôġ壬ǰѾ޵һʵƷ
ͨ飬ʵƶȣΣսãԼ࣡
Ŵ캧ȻѣҪ˵ȴ͸ɰͰ͵ġ
ߵ飬Ȼ󣬷ֽΪ
Ƶۼȭ࣬꣬Ⱥ嶼˾ޡ
һŴ죬Ȼ
һ壬Ϊ޽ڶ壬Ҳûĳڰߥ̶̼꣬͵һӺ硣ܶìܣǵڶ尵ġ
˺󣬵ڶ࣬սУ˵һ塣ʹһ壬ȫ˳ޡ
Ƶһ仰һȭ˷֣ڶģսڣڶҲˡ
ҡҡ׹
֣ԭս£Ȼô಻Ϊ֪顣
ƽ飬߿ſҪĵڶ࣬ľȻĿЦһ£ְɡ
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Ƶɫһ
̧ͷɫһһ٣㣬ҵĶ֣
ΪڸոաҡҡͷؿԻƵۣѾͼˡ
ͼԾȻ֡

ͭɿģһͷźϢӿߵ˼СϢصģصġ
һֱƵģһֱɵģͭսǵԼϢ
һϢԺлصġġ
ͭϢУΪҪһ
ԼоһϢؽܹеһʡ
ֻϢ̫̫࣬ˡһϢԺҲʵϾᣬʱͷۣ˳Ϣ
˹ʮָ
Ƶһȭõڶ߽⡣ȭΪצһץߵʱ򣬺ȻһεȻץס
࣬һһҡҷţؼȻ
ƣ춯ء
񽫣Լ֮ˣ޲Ŵ죬ľǡ
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һһƾճֵĵ򷱻ͻȻĿĻҰС
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һУȻһµ³ǰôϤôõһСϧʲôˣΨǿտյġ
Ƶۣ˰ȵȣȴһ˶ûУһͬûСֻǣտյģġû䣬û˹ޡ
ס죬ۿ죬һᣬ˳۽
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˵ϵߵĵطԺҴȥĵڶһߵĵط
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Ц˳ôе뷨ԼҲֻпİŻС
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ûǸˡ
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صؿԽԽ󣬲ҪһŴСġ֮·Խ񣺡ô죿
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ҪһϢһԺＤҵĻصġģ
ҪϢڱˣ
Զڼᣬִ¾ݡսǺͣ˧þ


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е֣еͶš
׸͸ǣ͸ԼдںǰĻ

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ҡúʵ˫߽ߵĽɫУѷѽ⣬ȴֿͬʱС
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ഫ˵Ǵʹ֡
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磬дԽһӦģȵǲȫСһǣһľкǿҵΣС
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̸һѵˡΪȫīĽɫȴұӡġγ֣ÿһζ߻ˣȫ֮һ
̸ͣ¹ȥʲôһдΪȴɵѵһתô˳ˡ
Ψһõ𣬷ŵµˣ̸硣ΨһģҲ̸硣
̸ֵ磬һ̿ͺıʿĻ塣һг֣۳ɰܣ̳ȥֻһѱӰ
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˸׳Ľɫǣж㣬Ķŵжô⡣һҪţڰܻ֮һ߹ΪԼһЩòۡ
Ϊ֮жǣǶİ
˭ͽ˭뵱˻ʣΰС
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ΪѻܵľԶ磬һ
ܿϧĸҪŮɫǰڶáںڲɱīˣⵥˡ

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˲ȫĽɫףȫ޷ĥ
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ӹ˲߻ܺѡɱӦ֪Ĵˡ
ӹ˲ǰĽʵһٿ˲ΨһĶӣǳӡ
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