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    ϵͳԼʤҲʤˡ
    ƴţ˭Ҳִ֪ţ̩ɽ᷽ɣյԸǻס





001 һʦ
ɽɽɽϵɽƶվʮ壬ӵ컷ƣɽ翣͵֣ɾ
ɽйɣֱλڶɽɣλɽķ£Լλկɽϵ¡
һҵۣλڶɽɽڴλԽŰҲǸԭСصռʱ˺ͣյҲ࣬ҵҲ࣬ɽһɡ
ɽķҲռɽڣշ书Ҳ˵ùȥڴССĵҲʮˡ
ռկɽɽһдͽܡ
ȥƺɽܣĸʦϰҲԸɽ꣬ţԷ⣬ϰʲô䡣
⼸ڰɥ£ǷڤʦԲˡ
ûˣ¸ˡ
ڤҲµĵһηɣ˵ֳҲûм꣬ϸû˵һɡ
Ҳû˭λɣΨͽܽ¡
ڤ֮󣬴һԼ뷨

ǰλôԼĶһ䣬ûдһգΪʦֵһշǳְڤϺеȨ÷ϺҲˣʣ¸ˣһվЩͲסˣԼ뷨
һʦܣ㿴ʦҲȥˣʣʦֵǲǸһˣ
һճĸɿС书ϡɣԳƷ𷨸Ϻ洫ǵڶַɵѡ
һ俴ҪȨʦ֣˵ʲôζ
һ䱾Ԫ棬ˣԵϵİѧҵУʱȫУŮҵݵƷŮۿҪ޳ɽԼģʵɱ䣬ȴû뵽ͻȻԽô棬Ϊδķɡ
Ԫĵһͷܣӵ
ʲô˲ãƫƫĴ˺У
һԭڤϺеĸһֱӰġ
Ϻڤͽܣͽһգͽһ䣬ͽһһֱ˵ϺиȡҲԢġ
һգһտգϺеıɶҲùˣúз𷨾ıˡ
ͽһǸգϰ֮ûκȤĴһȾ
ΨһнˣҵĽɺܶ࣬ȻϷ𷨲УڤϺΪµĴʼˣڷ𷨻Ǻоģ֪ҪܶණƫƫϲԼĶһ䣬ȡһ䣬˵ֻҪһͿˣЩС
ƫƫһҪ˻Ԫˡ
ɫ
Ϊһ䣬Ϻ׾һѧϰͯӹֻһ̰棬ͯӹҲϰʮŸոУСɻʮǧء
ͯӹڹ⹦һûʲôоģʵսԼʦһգ˵Ǹʦˡ
ԪϱΪУݶûͯⱲӴԽˣú÷һأƫƫȴͯӹȫˡ
ѧϰͯӹ֮ǰܽŮɫȻʮĿ๦ȫ׷ˡ
Ԫ洩ԽԼһģһһϣͦθߴ󣬿಻һ˼꣬ͬʱҲ̳˶Էͯӹ
һͯӹȻĲǾɻʮǧأҲ֪ɶʱǳͷ֮ա
̳һļ䣬Ԫ滹ǵһСʱڤϺпĵĶһһ䰡ΪʦɫΪѧϰͯӹģΪãͲҪǵɽµǸŮˡ
׵һ־ҪȢɽŮΪޣʱŮ꣬ͱһ俴ˡ
СӲ֪Ϊȴ֪СŮܿɰһͯʱھ¶ɫǵͷϺôС
Ϻжһ̵һ䣬Ϊʦ˵ĻȫǽԣɣǷԷθģͯӹһɣǾǽղӻ壬ǹ𲻻ĺù㻹ʲôԥģ
ܳףȢϱһûˡ
ܣֻҪˣ˵ȢһȢһٸ⡣
ϺĲ֮䡣
Ż׺룬һеɮģʦһˣӴͯӹ
һֱһҲãƫƫϺԲţһȻ˹ȥҲ֮ʣʱ򣬻Ԫùˣһ䣬ȴ廻ꡣ
Ԫ֮һͷܡ
ԲԼ֪κһ磬Ǹо׺йŴ࣬г͢нɧʫ۶ݣԼѧ֪ʶԨﻹܻãҪɽϺء
ȥԼңͣ檲롣
Ҫܣˡ
ԼΪδɣϾȻһϵͳ
ϵͳҪԪǲ׻׵ģҪҪɼһͯӹɾ硣
ڶ³Ϊֵһɡ
ԪҪΪһ֮󣬿Իס
һδܴɣ׽
Ԫͷ󺹵ؿϵͳҪĺ㾡ĺ֮ˮϴˢ
ǴˣٺҲûˣΪ˲ַɻҪȥ
ҺϵͳкཱܶͨϵͳõĺôԪ¶ɵʱǰһʦվˣҲԷλ˵뷨
Ԫ濴Լʦ֣ЦʦΪʲô¶أ
һտһɤӣǿԱߵһһۣʦȴûԼȻţоʲôȭ
һգ书֮κ鶼ûȤһҲôǸ㶨һ˵
ʦܣģ㿴ʦ˼ȥˣ¾ʦֵˣǲѡһɣϾһûͷǲеġ
ʦѾָΪˣ⻹ѡ𣿡
һЦŰ˰֣ʦѾȥˣͬˣڻʦֵѡҪģʦܣ뵱𣿡
һҡҡͷû˵
ԪһգȴûʦĶȨȥʦ˵¶ѾûˣԼǸʦܿҲκ¶ҪԼС
ǵһ䣬ڻʦֶȨû취һղ֪ǰʦѾǵǸʦˡ
Ԫվֵ˵ɮϵĳҪ˵ɫɮۻѿȵȶˣԪһҪĸɮۿ϶Ҫġ
²ϵ飬ڤϺµķڹԼϣһջȨǵΪ
ʦ֣֪ʲô𣿡
һɫ˼£ϾƤǺ̲ܺסɫ΢ص
ãûﵽߵڰ׵ĳ̶ȣ֪Ƿ
һյļһ䲢ԴǣһĳЩϹҲסǻӲͦŵ㲻ʺɣķ𷨲Ҿͨ
Ϊ𷨾ͨǰɣ㣬˭
һջûо˭һ±Ԫסˣ˰ͷµصûе
ӡȡˣþĶӣϵǾ㶼֪𣿡
һסˣȷʵô¶Լղôû
㣬һһջ
Ԫ治мƲƲ죬Ǻã㣬˭
һ˰죬ŵӡ

ôˣ
⻹㣬Ƿ𣿡
ȻǷˡ
ǾͶˣĶӵʱ򣬸ûгɷʱǸˣӣֻʱǷΪ֮󣬾ûˡ
ŶһձԪƵеͷΣֱһΡ
㣬ĸ˭
һˣĸ
⻹Ҫش𣬾νѵһС˺ܶ࣬صûĸס

ôִˣղ˵ûġ
ûĸף浱걻ȸ̽ӣƿȸӳȸɽΪĸѵ㲻֪𣿡
һհյһĴȣôˣһʣԼ˼άˡ
㿴㰡֪ﲻ֪ĸ׻֪֪ʲôԳ˽̣֪˸˭𣿡
һãҡͷ
ȸĵܵܡ
һվ㵡
ɿɣⶼ֪㻹֪ʲô㣬ڷҸʺɻʺϣ
ӦáӦɡ
һճʧȥġ
㣬ƽȣǶһģֻǱ˲Ż˭ʺϣʦܣ˵Һʦ˭ʺϣ
һ˿٩٩̸һ䣬ֿ˿ͷԵһգʦ֣Ҿʺϡ


002 ͷ
Ȼ£µʵĳ档
һС©磬ſڹһ
дԳ֣Ī˼Ǳ˰
дļ֪졣
ѲӰ
һǷ黨ƣǰһ㰸и¯յģҲ֪ûˡ
ԭϺеķ䣬ұʦֵ˵ķ䣬滹иիãĶ˵أµȫҲˡ
Ԫ֪Լ뻹ײҪͯӹҪ֣Ҳûͷֻоһ·ϵͳ
Ϊ˷ɣԪҲͲռԭϺеķ䡣
ֱȥߵķ䣬Źغãһľһţһŷ滭һ顣
ϺǰϺΪˡ
Ԫ˴ϣһ¸оɴˣϸ鿴ڵķϵͳ
֮ǰŶԸһˣҲûϸһԪסˣϵͳһεȦȦʮͼԼĹ۲£ÿͼһ
ͺĲϻƻһÿͼ涼עŸָĶ书ؼɽƣо飬зƷһЩ
ԪҪͼʼתȻȡһƷתʲôط͵õʲô
Ȼתϵͳ涨һתһΡ
Ȼ˼Ҿ˵˴Խдɶģ۵ƷҲôתϻҵһ򶼲Ŷ
Ԫ˾ĦȭƵ׼ת
ʮͼ书ؼɽƣǾ飬Ƿ
鰴˵ǱģȻԪھ鲻ðϾǷ̵ĸһ鶼ûô˵ȥģյӺҲûԽ̰
ǻԪҲϣȡ飬ԼģӦ书ؼɽƻ̷Ρ
Щҷ棬ģȣ飬ת֣¯д󶦡
ɽƣֱ¥ɽŽľｨĦýͲؾ
书ؼзȭ÷׮ͷƺϴ辭
ֱǷȸվزؾ٤
ǷΪΣֱһӡʮӡʮӡһӡһƬҶӺһԪ
ǱȽˣһѽ䵶һɨѣһյ͵ƣһƥһֻӥһƷ͵Ź㡣
ЩĻԪۻң֪Щ书ؼ顢ɽƲȫӦġ
书һʮԶԶֹЩ⻹һЩѧʮ֮С
书ؼҲиߵ֣֮ȭֻȭһһնᣬֻѧĲ㾫ͨ
ϴ辭õĶڹֻԼѾͯӹˣȡϴ辭֪ܲһϰ
棬Ԫעľ书书ؼϴ辭ǶؼмؼֵĻ򣬻Ԫ汾Ϊܳ׽ʲôģǶûг֣ɼԽǸѧֵĸԽ͡
ҲҪõһ齨ƣͿƽһֵĽ̫ˣֽ˵ҲҪʮΪɣЩҲǲٵġ
ЩҲкܲĶû뵽滹ֻƥͨ죬̬񿥣Ȼƥ
ǻԪҪģǸƷ͵Ĺ㡣
ǰϻľ飬ӦǴ󽱣תֹܾͣλᣬõĽ
Ԫ˰ֳȡ
ҪӣҪ飬Ҫ书ҪƣҪ󽱣Ҫ󽱡
ԪﲻͣţԺоȡ
ͷһͼϳһŹ㣬ʼת
תٶȼ죬ԪҲŹ㣬ͬ˷һת쳣
ٶȽ
Ԫһİûƹ㵽ʲôطͣ
͵ơȥˡ
һӡȥˡ
ϴ辭ѽҲȥˡ
ľｨֹȥˡ
ġǹȥˡ
ٶԽԽչƣӦͼֹ֮ͣ
ǰͼֱ٤ʮӡ󶦣ɽŽͷƷֹ㡣
Ԫͨ죬ӲͦŲϺ͵ȴ
㵽٤ҪͣԪ漤ֱ֣ùǧҪͣȻ٤϶ҪģǲǼġ
ڹȥˣʮ
ʮӣҲԣԪģһףȱӵʱ
ֹȥˡ
󶦰󶦣Ȼ±棬ܹȥҪɽŽ
ԪǳɽŽһʲôҪȻˣ㿴ɣͰСţת߰ǴʵĶȱˡ
㻹߹˴󶦣ɽŽͼϡ
ͣͣͣ
Ԫ󺰣ڿһպϰ书һסˣǽ˭أ
ģûͣ
ͬţһǰһͷ档
ͷǻѧʵѧҲǺҪģͷǿһײˡ
ǻԪ沢ҪͷΪַɣ书ǱģûЩӾƬʲôģÿ棬ַɶǸ֣ȻδµһǶǿ϶ģһԪռǻף뻹ײҪִµһɣԼҪΪ
书˻У˼Ц
ͷʵڲţԼѾǸͺͷˣʱԴȥײˣôôţԪ涼öˣܹȥƷֹĴ󽱡
ΡΡģƺƶ˼
Ԫͷðһ㺹飬һﲻסˡ
ǰһǾǴ󽱰
ƴʱҲԼǺˣ˸飬ŹܼӰѾǰһγȡˡ
ҲǻԪϣûбͣס˽Ųͣͷλϡ
һӵװ˻Ԫǰдţͷ֡
Ԫһơ
Ȼʮܳȡһ书ؼҲǲˣǿϧһ֮ûܳȡ󽱣ûܵõλᡣ
ڨڨùͷؼ˼£Ԫ泤̾Ϣһ
ȻѾΪַɣԪҲ˽ɫڻ֮ǰ־άƽһӢĳ¡ǧءһͳġУ¿ΰĵһҪͺͷϿʼˡ


003 ɽŮ
ͷȻǻѧҲҪ¿๦ģ㲻ûҪһѵשһһԼԴģֽŰΪûԪĸҲ
ԪΪԼѧᣬǵ鱾ѧϰʱͷĸҪȴͻȻӿԺͷҲ֮˱仯
̳˴Լʮӣʮ֮󣬻Ԫ۾
ԪѾȷԼѾȫѧͷǴﵽͷ߾磬ͷӲԺ벻ҪɱʹײǽǾԲɹģǽײ˶һͷƤ
ʹඥְϷĿǰԼҲࡣ
ԼͺͷԪ治֪ô飬ѧôСʹԼȡ˸߼ѧͷҲǲɻȱġ
ͯӹ΢ԴҲɱԪҲ˵ȫѧˣֻȭŹṦȵȻһ㲻ᣬǾƾԴ䲻ײ˭һҲܵġ
ֻ򲻵ѵʱ򣬻ԪǾԲᱩ¶ԼĹģ̫ˣַɣͦͺͷͶ붼ñ硣
ѧϰͷԪ濴˿书ؼؼƺ˱仯һؼϰͷĲ裬ԪȷڽⱾؼϰûһѧɵˡ
ҲãԼùؼÿڸ˵ӣϾԼ֮һҪִµһɣ⿿Լһǲܳµġ
һԼԴһ£ķѣͷûоԪȷԼȷʵͷ󣬲Žؼ
һòֵ书ѧɣԪоˣˣûԹһעһɢֶЩˡ
ûȥһһһѾŽˡ
ʦ֣˰ɡ
Ԫһ£Ҹ𣿡
ǰǰ㡣
Ԫһ£ǵģǰȷʵһ为ġ
ǻԪҲˣʵѵĲˮ
կɽĺɽиСڵʮˮһֱǸϴѵ⡣
ԼĹͷԪǰûڲһˣǷˣ㿴ɻ𣿻ˮЩҲ÷ɡ
ô죿һӦЩٶۣȫ֪ηɵƨ
ʹҲûãԪǲȥˮġ
ð죬Ժ㸺ˮʦָôˡ
һЩԥͷʦ֣һҪϰ䡣
ϰԣʦѧͷԽ㡣
ͷ
һ۾̾ˣ¸ûʲôѧǰڤֻǴ˷ȭһװӲͼȥˣһΪֵһ֣ʵҲϡɵĺܣԼһʦ־ȻҪԼµ书̾˷ܵòˡ
Ҫѧ𣿡
ȻҪ
Ǻãˮʮ֮ҴͷԪȻͷؼ˳ױһһǰŪ˼£ֻҳ
û⣡һӶˣݺݵۻԪؼתƨƨߵܳȥˡ
㶨һԪְϺµľ˳
һվĲбҪ˵ϺǰҲˣȱľ鶼ɱˣ뱾վûڸӡ
Ԫ治ںžȥһա
һ͵ⱾˣԪ潫͸ԼԼԺ붼ûʹӦˡ
鰲źãԪȥԼƷ
һǱ߿ˡ

СиիãһéݣԪԼɮۣٲȻ߽իãûȰڰڷɵףͱϵķʳˡ
ɱĻͷһ̲֪ɽҰˣûаǡ
ƽʱͳܶʲôʳûˡ
ǰһպһûʲôֵģ³Է
Ԫ治ЩͷϱӾʱҲˮƽǿɣû뵽Խˣˣεˡ
ҪĸҪչ־Բӡ
ŸɱͷѵʣԪ氵¶ġ
Ȼʳ֮£ԪҲûڼӲľ崲£С͵ƿʼƶַչķ
¶һһûãǸİ취ֻǻԵҲ벻
ԵʵҪԪ治ϲҪһףһͭ嶼ûУԵû̫취
ǰϺڵʱÿ£һصĻܸ£ŪСǮάƣϺûˣҲˡ
ҪúԼĴʦ֣ѧϰ𷨣ȥ׬Ǯ
ȻʦһҲɣֻҪӣиʮ˸һȥ£Ҳ󣬵ʱҲܶҪ㡣
ǰֽһԵ׻˵ҩҽԵˣֻԵ֣ܽԪΪǾԲеġ
ҪŻݵߣԱ֣Ȼô཭յӣ˼ƾʲôɽϸ簡
Щ⣬ܴۣûģûģȻŵˣ¶ܲ
ܵθܲء
˴ҹԪƶ߸ҽɵĹأʱ˵ԼûдﵽһԾŶȨһһʵҲû̫Լɵ¶
ҪյӣԼĵģԱˣӵԼ˶ˣ飬ʱͻСܶࡣ

ڶһ磬Ԫ潫źһָ࣬Ȼɽȥˡ
ɽϻģɴأּ̲䲻ʱвżܿСּû
ηչĽͷöĻԪҲһЩּ߱ľɫ
ԶԶһĸǸŮö

Ԫ̾˳ɽµŮ
Ԫ洩ԽһϣȻҲ̳һļ䣬СʱͺܿɰŮӡǳ̡
Ůᣬɽ·ִˣʱͺһʶҲʮˣˮģÿһֻڹɽ߷
ÿŮʱΧ˶ЪһЪɽ裬Ҳһǲһܡ
ԭ̬ĸϱģʱ򵽴һƬ޲֮ĸڻԪǱзζ
ţýζͻȻԶһУͬʱм˵Ц
ˣ
оˣԪҲ˲ˣѿɫɮһ𣬿첽ķȥ


004 Ƿ
ͯӹȻһűȽȱµĹ򣬵Ƕ˵ĺôǺܴģڻԪ彡ܵٶҲܿ졣
ֱܿܳԵǰ治Զɽ²ݵأƽʱ
ȴΣ״̬£ͷĿվǰƺ˵ʲôҪȥᡣ
ᾪеĶţЦĺܴ
ס֣
ȻỹûԿǻԪ治ܿ۸һ˹ȥ
˽ǰῴһ䣬¶һ˿ϲȴСǴǺģ㲻Ƕ֣ȥɽϽʦʦǣ书
ԪЩΣԭôֵΰ
õģԸ쵰ˣһ͹ˡ
һ£ôһСе㲻һأǰὲ໰İ
ǱߵӿԪ˳Цҵ˭ⲻµͺ¿ôƾҲү
ͺ¿
ԵĳƺûԪðɣûͷͽͺ¿
ӡƶɮվˡ
ɵĴ庺ԪһӢ۾ôԼˡ
ϣͺ¿²кིܶ𣬽ܳڲѷСͺ¿ȻԳӣĸʦģ
庺Щ㵣Се㲻ԾǼðİɣ
ͺͺͺ
Ԫ汻Էһһͺ¿еĻҲͶԷϻˣ˹ȥһš
ĻĴ庺û뵽ԪҶ֣һûһ˸ͷ
ϾģһžǸ庺زˡ
Ӵˣԣ㲻ǻṦ𣬸Ҵͺ¿Ҵɵŵӣõ˶ģ㲻ͺ¿
ͺ
Ԫȥһţ庺ĿڣԷ㱻Ԫһߵıȥڵֱۣʲô˵ˡ
Ϊ³ͻȻĴ庺ʱ򣬴һͺ¿У
ʱ˻ǺܽģһЩʿ֮ǰһ
һﺰ֮ȭ
Ȼ֪Է书ʲô·ǻԪţƾԼĿǰ΢ͷܶ־Բ׵顣
ԪҲа취ŶֹȻɴ˫ֱؿŶԷһȭ
Ԫм̬ȿڴ庺ԵЩĪˡ
Ȼ书ϡɣǴ庺˿վﲻӲԼһȭȻԪĵϸǾһȭȥ
Ȼˣʹúһ㣬庺һȭֱԪۿȥ
ͷǲ۾ǲãԪ浱Ȼ۾Էȭͷ΢΢һͷ
庺һȭ˻ԪĹͷϣ
ȫһȭʯͷʲôоǴ庺ڵĸо
۵һֽУ庺о󴦷һ˼һȭȻԼˣ
һµֵĻԪڴ˻ᣬȥһŽԷ˸ͷȻȥڶ䣬˰ƣҿƾԷ㣬ҵֵ
ϷŮͺ¿ͺ
յ·ɣһĴ庺ͱͬͷһˣƴġ
Ҳˡ
ʲôУдʦ
ʦСҲˡ
ʲôʦзɣ
ˣ͵СǸƨҷ˰ɡ
һԪҲˣڶЪһ¡
Ǹˣ
ԱߴС
ԪͷһȻʼԼߵĴ庺һȳһյܳȥԶģҲ֪Сʲôʱܵġ
ͺ¿ҵţҴɵģ¾ܻؼ̽ˣʱ϶ʰġ
ˣԪҲʧȥ˼ŹϺ׵˼
˶ܵûӰӣ˻Ԫǰ۾ƺ飬ŻԪ档
СУôôأ
졭ٷŮʩ̫СˣСʲô뵱갳ϣǴս˰ٶƤûգһ¡ᣬԪ滹һµεӡ
ʲô˰ٶΣ֪ţ
ԪȻûʲô⣬Ҳˡ
ͻȻ뵽һ⣺СУղ˵ԼʲôǷɣɲ㴵ţСıʦ㡣
Ԫ滺˼Լ״վһͰ͵ɮۣ˦һͷżԼûͷϱ˦ͷˣŪˡ
ǻǾڳ˧һƣʲôСУַˣԺ󿴵ңҪһʦ
Ƿɣʦأ
ʦ˼ܷ٣Ѿȥˡ
̫ϧˣڤʦôõˡ
˵ţ۾ﾹȻỨЩˡ
Ԫ漱æŮʩʦȥˣҼʹʦˣҲڵģھǷɣԺҪʲôģң㲻̫ĵġ
֪˵󻰣㶮𣿡
ȻʵҲⶮ𷨣Ϊһϸķɣⶮ𷨻ǲģΪ쵼ɲҵҪץȫ棬ʵ˷ŵʵλϾͺˣ÷ͨȥ£ȥֵΣ̸˷ŵɽȥ֪ɮӴͣȥͽǩ׬ȡһЩǮ书õȥشĦã͵ȥ޺ã͵ȥ¥ҳϵȥؾ󡭡
ۿԪϲƣ̲סˣСУ˵Щ¶𣿡
Ԫ̰˵ͷһⲻԼ룬˵ЩûУ˶ûء
ٺ٣ͿˣҳɽҪ׬ǮŪһӵģҲò˼죬ˡ
Ǻܺðҷǳڴһ졣
ЦЦͻȻתͷȥڻ˼£Ȼתӣһƻ
СУڷʱɵģû͸ժһȥ԰ɡ
Ԫӹƻ˵ʲôζ
СԼʵҲһ⣬Լȴʲô˵ΪԼֻһУʲôŵܸᡣ
ף뻹ף
Ԫ⣬ݺݵҧһƻȻЩɬɽϵķʳʵζˡ
ʱһֻڹ˹
ֻڹԪ֪˲ˡ
ղŴû㣬ܳˣɹ۾һŵĴڹڹԪƺоЩԼĶ̲ס
⹷ͦģӡƶɮֻһۣȻ͸оΣա
лŮʩƶɮˡ
Ԫ˵ŲײĻǾ뿪ƻζȻ֮£ֻڹɸζֻԼЩͲסῴʲôΪ
Ǹ庺ղ˵»ԼԼҪ취С


005 ˵ĺ
ɽм䣬һҰ
ÿÿ³һʮ壬ҰϼӣΧİնǰǳ֡
ԪѡɽʵҲΪУҪһ
ЩظᣬԪֱǰҰ
ҰʱѾʱˣʢ
ǿԪ棬ЩĶܡ
ԪǺУҲӢСӣôҲ񣬿ǽ첻һˣոպͱ˴ܣģ˵ȻҪˡ
ԪҲں׻˵ⲻߡϣ۴ĲզǶлһǾͻҸǰպˡ
תתѰһõص㣬ߵͻȻηĺ̯
ͬˡ
Ԫüͷһ壬ɽ£ѾԼΪֵΧȻĺнǲַ
ȻûʲôΪȴԲ̡
ֻô£Ҫоо
ｲĿڸЩ̫ķʵûʲôΧҲûʲôΧߣ·ͣһ£Ȼתߡ
ۿˣҲû׬һͭ壬ЩͻȻǰһС
Ͳ󣬺񻹲ʮüĿͦÿģԼ˵ƺЩơ
жһۣһд˸ţӷλʦܣ֪ƶɮ£
ͻȻЦˣ˵˰ˣȻڷ𷨣ƺûʲôͰ
Էµģηĺﳤһλʦ˵ǰ޶ۣ֪ڣҺʦｲʱˣȻûܵõһͭʩᣬ¶ٷûˡ
оǻԪ棬ɴ˶ߣλʦ֣ǴΣ
ҪʲôЩ衣
ţˣҿѡطλûǲģɴ໻ǾΪվˣõͭأһһ룬ǿô
һԴĺгһ£λʦܣðɣֻǿţһͭ壬㲻ƽ
Ԫ氵ͷƷԻǸû£ԼļƻҪһˡ
ô˵˰ɣҲҲ׬ʲôͭء
ԪֵֻһһҵվڻԪߡ
ʵҲǺܷԼ˾з𷨣ûͱԼ˻СĺжУ˵Լ׬ͭ塣
𣿡ԪߵĺС
Сóһ࣬滹и
ðɡԪ潫
ôһ࣬Χ˶˹
һ˵һклʲôڽͷ࣬ǾǴʽյģЩ˶ջǷǳģ̾Χ£˹
ԪҲǣ࣬һֱΧΧˣͣ
ӷŵ档
дһŵӷŵһȵ棬ԪȥӸµؿˡ
Աߵ΢΢üСƺ̫һЩȫͷҵ͵ľ񲻷òҪðİɡ
λʩ֪ûһ˵Ĺ¡
ʲô˰Ա߾ˡ
Ӣͻʵ۱ǽֵܣѵķʳƶԷϽķУһˣ㼣鲼½ÿһҶܵӴŮǷ׷乲ȴǺ޲ʳ⣬Ůˣȴûһ˳ɹ
𣿡Ա߾˱סˡ
ǣɶҪӡ
˭û˵ôˡ
Ԫ΢΢һЦˡ
ʵ˵ľɮԪ洩ԽԼʦֵ˵֣ͻڤϺεķ˿Ǻϸûһ£û֪£Լʦֵ˵Ҳɺϡ
Ȼû֪ǾͺðˣԪļƻǿμǣϾ⻹Ƿ̵Ĺ£ҲԼ
ȵЩ˱סˣͺðˣʱµҪЩߡ
λʦ֣ź򡣡
ͦȵģԪҲָʹߵˣͭվſɲɡ
ģ˵죬ŷɵⲻǮ
ԣġسУΪĴޣֱǶʤݣţݣհ޺ͱ«ޡǵĹ£ڶʤݿʼ
ʤﰡ
Ա߻ʣ̱Χ˺ֹסˣԪĹº棬Ǵûɶļһﻹҡ
ʵĺãʤݺܴǽµأǶʤݡ
ԪӵҲסˣ
Ǳͣ
ۿԪͷУԱ߾ˡ
мæɿ磬ֻԪܿ㽲
ɤӣԪʤݣ󺣣һɽΪɽʮ֮֮ɽһʯͷ֮֮紵ʯͷԽԽ󡭡
̫ƫۿѾǻƻʱˡ
Ԫɿˣ֪ʲôʱ򣬸ɴڵϣŸߴĻԪ潲⡣
ʦյͷ£վˣԼʱȥķ䰡ҪԼͨˡ
Ԫͣ˿Χʱеɢȥ˺ܶ࣬Χ£Լȴˣһۿȥнǧˡ
ˣɫƶɮûɽȥˣͽɡ
ʦѽ½һ浽ô°
Χڲˣģⲻǿ
λʩƶɮ뽲⣬ʵ̫ˣƶɮʦֵ˵ڻûԷǮûء
Ǻð죡
˵±ˣҲˣܶ˷׷׿ңһͭ壬һЩǮӳһͭ壬߸ɴӳһ
ԪʾԱߵиϽǮȻ˵Ȼʩ˿ƶɮֻýĹ·ϣֻºܳƶɮҹҲǽģʩȤĻһǰ£ƶɮڹλ١
ȻЩǱϾ̫ˣɢȥڲֻͣĺӡ
ڵȵߵĲˣԪͷ￴һѵͭɢֶûˡ


006 
ԪԶ˵λʦ֣ô
λʦܣ⡭̫ˣ֪𣬽Ȼжٶͭ壬һӣ˷ˡӷ𣬷̰ˡ
ԪﰵЦʲô˶ҪԷģҲһ
ˣλʦ֣Ǿ͵ؽǮһ£Ȼʹ˸ǰɡ
жһۣԴǸλʦܣʵʦֵܶѾûԺĴˣ϶û¶ٵģҲûȥղʦ˵µģؾڵԺˣ֪ǸԺǸʲô
ˣ
Ԫаϲϲ¶ɫһµǵԺҲ½֮⣬ˡ
˿ʦ
ʦǰѾȥˡ
ӷ𣡡
д˸ףʾ֮⣬Ȼǲ֪Ƿɮ£
ȻûйѾα·ɣƷйأ̰ռ֮ˣȻԿǡ
ɣ
дһû뵽ǰŪҪһĺоȻǷɣ˲òˡ
ԭǷɴʦƶɮʦֵܶʧˡ
мæԪʩʩ񣬲ǷܣǺܽصģǺεݣԺûеηɮ˿ɱȵġ
Ԫ΢΢ͷҲ˸ס
Ԫ¶֮⣬ǸмæȫǮƶ˻Ԫϡ
ɴʦЩǮƵ׬ȡʦֵܲδ޹»㻹ûȥɡ
ô˼أ˵һһġ
ԪţȴǮƽ˹˿ûзֵ˼
ǸһЩͭŬջĿ⣬ƽ񣬶ԻԪɴʦ˵˲Ӧ̰ƣҲҪǮҲҪԷϾ⿿Եǲյģе㱸õĺãֻ֪꣬ǮǻõģЩǮʹǣҲֲ꣬ǿɴʦŻڣպضܽ𷨷Ը£Ҳð
ȻˡǺðɣĽ֣ҾΪѵشӦˣǽ͸ɽɡ
ˣԪ滹΢һ£Ǯ
ĺҪǮɽûʳ˵ԼкüҪǮĵط
ڵĽͨȡƵķʽмǳȡģҪƽȻʯ̵أҪǮ
Ԫе£һռԺ̵һûиǧӶ޷ɹ
оΧǽǮҲ١
⻹ɽص·Ҫɣ붼Ҫ޳ʯ̨ף̵ػߡ
鶨ˣвѯʻԪķš
ƶɮһ䡣
ӷһ䷽ƶɮŻ棬ƶɮʦܻ
ţɣǶţʱʦֵƣȵպǶ˱֣žǷš
ɴȱƶɮ˾Ʋ÷ʧġ
ٴζԻԪʩЩˣ˶ҲǼ俴صģڼˣŶ벻ˣһʦĳˡ
ǸͲ֪¸ûʲô֮˵ҲǻԪʱģӦÿУѹжʲôƶȣЩɮҲ̫ʵʵ棬ǸӿصʱȻΪεģԪץסǵʱƶƣպҪƹ㿪
ˣԪ濪ʼɹΪѾɢȥֻǰЩ̣ɹʳĺƷ
ͻҲȥƺϰ깦˵ǿҪ£ԪֵˣȫǶ˱š
æһ죬ɽ϶ȥ
ԺѾҹʱ֣һպһҪ˯£ֻԪˡ
ûӭӣĻһˣҲ˯ˡ
Ҫ֪´µڣԼʦͽ֮⣬һҲʮлҪģҩģһģŮһΣ⻹һëû͵һ
ҹˣȻǰȻ棬ȻҪ
Ԫ͸໥Ҹһһ˴ӽԺҲֵˣԺʦֵơ
һһЩ书֮鶼̫ģעܿ챻Ԫʳˡ
һվͲһˣҪ˵ʦֵˣһǱȽĺУҲǱȽˣϲڰʸ񣬰ڰʦֵļӣֻ̫Ϥˣ԰Ҳڲ
ˣ̸֮ƺԷ𷨱ȽϤӣһ̾͸ов
ã𷨸˵λò
һոоѹˣǰڳ䵭̬Իͻʺúߺ߹ģ͹Լڵλ
ҲȽºͣԴ˲⣬ļһЩһ̬ȣ̬Ҳ䵭
˿ʼ̸û䣬һ˵𷨣Ȼ໥
һͻãԪҲȥ棬оѹǾȥˣҲ˵
һе̬չҪԼƿطΧ֮ڲС
ˣԺ˯һӣϢɡ
һȻ˵ܼǻ֪ǰطɵȨû˵
Ψһͷƺ˵ʲôԪһҲû˵
ĸ̫·ĺаŵһ𣬻ԪصԼķ£ʼ
ֵķ̫ˣСȥסˣĿǰĵ֮Ѿ书⣬Ǳ뾡̡
䷿ӹϢסڷҲǸ¶
һжҪǮ
ɣͺˣϵһʮʮ٣ӦҲвɽԼ˵μǵĹ£ʱˣȻǲԴġ
ΣԪľ崲Ϲһҹ


007 
峿߷ϼɵɢȥչĵ֫ˮδӻϻ䣬Ϣ
õһ쿪ʼˣһһл˶Ķģϰգæġ
Ψʮ᷽ɻڱŮԼᡣ
ʦ֣
Ԫʼ۾һվԼǰ
ôʲôԪ滹û̫ѣ֮УлûɢȥڿһΪʲô
ʲôôɽ˺öˣ˵Ҫء
Ŷ
Ԫ𴲣ϴϴԼΨһɫɮۣ´ɮ࣬ŲЬҡҡλεش˳
Ѿۼ˴Լʮˣһ˴ɽ
ЩһԪ棬׷״к
һ˾ʺãЩȽ϶еǶԻԪŻףʾԷɵ֮⣬ϧǲ֪ԪʺоŤ
ǰ涼ǴкģЩȴԼΪԼòװȥ
λʩһҹɣϲɺذ
Ԫ˵״εĻûȥӣֹ˼䡣
εǱȽϻ飬֪ɺϲͷְӰڸߴٰϵӡ
Ԫص˵ͷȻŬȥ
λʩƶɮַɣڶ࣬ȻϾ֮ԸλΣʱ䲻̫ãλʩһ
Щ˴ɽ֣ΪμǣСзɾȻ˵û˵ʱ䣬Щˡ
ҽҲҸõģȻ£ҲôƨӣһУж
˾Ϳˣɣǽһʱɡ
ǰʲôæ
Ԫһӷģұ㾴֪ģ㵱ȻǵԽԽãҪͣظȻû̫ʱ佲ˡ
ﲻǻĸͿˡ
ЩҲôɵġ
ĸǿԣǾҪȥˣɽϡ
Ԫ˵꣬Ի漸ʹ˸ɫղѾ˵ˣ̶ԻԪףɣҵɽȥˣϲŻ
˵ĸͷҲأȥ
ɣֻƶɮһˣҪǲܸλ̫ʱˡ
Щ˻ǲ̫ģһʵɣ׼ãôˣֻܽľͺˡ
ӷ취вͨ㣬ȼٶȼ죬Ҳܼٽ֣֮ȻͲˡ
ôأɴʦ취Ҳܿһ˰
Ԫ¿˿ѾнӽˣѾûˣƽҲôˣҲͲ¶ԼıĿ
Ҳգƶɮиӹ֮ǸλʩЩǮȻͿ㣬治һܱλƽ
ð죬Ǯһ㰡
󲻹󣬱ӦǮģΪλͭһɡ
˵Ҳû̫ԾɽµҲҪͭ壬Ȼ࣬ɻǴȱΪ
㣬ɣ㿪ɡ
˿ʼǮˡ
Ԫ΢΢һЦָָһλֻͭ壬ȻͿˡ
Ǹ˹ȥӵͭ壬Ȼȡ㡣
ǰ˻˼ݣȻһ㡣
ѾʼȼգԪҲʼˡ
콲ȥʦѧϰ£ɽ컹ûѧϰʮأǱߵͿˡ
ʩϨ𣬷ƶɮֻжϽؽˡ
Ǹ񣬻ͷһĿϨˡ
⡭յͦѽ
ѹ˲죬񻹲Ӱɣôһͼˡ
Ͻ˹ȥһȼ㿴˿ôһ͵ζ
ӷͣȼյøɴ˵ȼյԽʩͿԵõıӡ
˻ɻԪֽţһΪ˸ıԼҲͲʲôˣϲЦտ˻
һһ뵽һҲֲһǼȻˣҲ㣬ָƽʲôġ
˹ȥͭǮ򣬵ȴ˺ý
ԽԽȥǮ򣬻ԪǷˡ
㿪˸ͷвȥûǻ·ñأ²Ҫðˡ
ҲЩ˾»Ǯ㲻ֵãκ˼ҷɵĹ¾ʰһһԽԽҪ;ȥϻؼǶ˯þ
˼ҶǮԼǮҲԵ̫Сˡ
ڳЩˣǮְֻҪһϨ̸̬ϣˣֻԪרĽ¾ͺá
ٺ٣հɣմ͵һģһͭһģҾ׬ͭ壬һСʱʮͭ壬ҽ콲СʱĻ׬ͭ壬ҲǶˣ׬Ǯ治ѡ
Ǳ𲻶ϣ߻ԪĽҲϣһֱʱ֣Ž豦μǽ꣬һ¶
˵ӣʹСС볤ͳ̾Ͷ̣ӲӲ͡ȡɫˣͽɣһҪΣ绹ҪȭλĻأ硣
ӿǰΧθڵĲᣬȻԸκλԪչˣֻεɢȥﶼǰҪǳԼϸжá
ȺɢȥԪ׼ȥǮ
ոֻһûߡ
λʩƶɮؽѾˡ
ɣҲûˣǴҶˣ֪׬Ǯ㿴òãԺ㽲µʱҸأ½ˣҵҲдˣⱾģԺҿµ򿪽
ԪϸһˣŲеݵӣŰֺ֮ɫ
֪λʩγƺ
ǮҶǮׯϰ塣
ǮʩȻƶɮĹ£Ǿ뵽ƶɮ̸̸ɡ
ԪĻŭţ˯ͷμԼҲܼˣȥһµİȨǮϰ۹⣬֪µľ޴ֵǮҪһ²С
ţǮӦǸİ취


008 ˭Ǽ?
Ǯ»Ǿˣĵط˵ҶԼͷԵ̼ң̸ʲôģûгԿʱ
ԭΪһУֵ½꣬Լʮʮӣ㹻ˡ
˶ǺӵģҲ̰ƣǮ»̴ö죬µǱóȥ˵Ҳã鱾ǮҲãǾﳬֵ׬Ӷаա
û뵽СҲһ˲¹ͷǣ
˵զôὲأҪ²һʮӣȻ̸
Ǯ»ľܾȻ飬ȥԺƾдɽҲ̫ˣҹĺܶʶûģҲǲס
֮£Ǯ»Ӧ˻Ԫ
ΪҲǸʮ˼ģû뵽ⷽ˵һټ
㣬Ǯ»ǲ£ԽԽðʱҲǮ
˰죬Ǯ»ͬ˻ԪǸڸ顣
Ǯ»ͷһ˵ַʽԼҪȸһ䷽ʮǮȹ½ʮ֮ԼٸʮǮȹȫ꣬ԼٸʮǮ
ȻַʽʣǮ»òϣʽܺãܺ˫бϡ
׵ǩֻѺ
ԪüЦĽͬպãȻǵǮ»ιԼկɽ
կɽɽվΧ޷ʵǣֻһɽ·ջԪϱӵļ䣬һ£Ǵկɽĺô
ѹӪѵص㣬ɽϵƹԼֲкȫԸ㣬ԺһԼз磬߳͢ĽƾշҲֵܵһصĺ⡣
Ǯ»һ󣬻ԪǮʩ֪οδ֮չ
Ǯ»˿Ͳ󣬵ͲѼ̶̵ֿͷϵķɣ̾һӵɽзŰͷˣպǿ϶ģǮĳȻǽˣҲܲµֵĳɾ͵ɻи书ĻôΪִҲ롣
Ŷǲ֪Ǯʩοֽ壿
ɽϲ֣ɺͷ£ȻСǿڱȴǮ»ķҲ֪һЩӿڵնȱΪȻܵյĻӭֻ֪ȻСڽϴãʢ
лǮʩƶɮһ뷨
ɴʦ뽲
ƶɮǮʩ뷨ıϣҲΪֶᷢ󣬵ǶʱкܶѴʽ𡭡⡣
ԪᵽǮǮ»̾ûϽӻΨֱƽȥˡ
ԪҲǮ»ߵɽߣطҰԸɽ£ɽҲԵһۿɽ·ĵط
Ǯʩ뿴ƶɮڴ˴޽ɽţ·ʧޣҪɣƶɮȦΧǽʯ̵أҲҪƶɮһˣɬ
Ǯ»мƲƲ죬˵ˣȻҶ֮
Ǯ»ĶԪƺ޲ƶɮǮʩδ浣ǮʩǮׯ޽ɽص·ԼԺڵʩ֪ǮʩΪΣ
Ժ浣Ǯ»ͷߣû˵ֵʽ
Եģպ浣ԪЦſǮ»
ɴʦˡðûɣȻǮĳղſδ棬ǱϾֻһ²⣬˭֪᲻棬һɵԺȴ׬ǮǮĳѪ޹ˡ
ʩĪ£ʵԺδǰǿõģͬǿһ̻˭֪ĳһǷ϶׬ǮҪһ²֪ʵγһ̻أ
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һǮ»ԪЦǮʩƶɮΣ
ã̫ˣʣǮ»ƶࣨܣ
ʦҲһҪҡ
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࣬һӡ
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һǧǮ»Ӧ͸Ԫ
ԪиǮ»ѰҹɽϾʯģʡȥɱֻ踶Ǯͺˡ
Ҫ㹻࣬ԪǮˣ㽫ɽ·ڵ滹Χǽһ׵
Ǯ»ˣЩºѶȣڴӦ뿪¡
Ǯ»ԪصԼķ䡣
Ǯõ˽ԪͿʼڹ滮δͼ
һյͻˣԪ֧ȥйһ죬Ҳ˯ˣԪҲϢͻȻһˡ
ҹ𴲷㣬һտԪ淿ĵƻţ˹
ɻû˯
оһ·𷨣Ͼ˯ˡԪ̬
ڷ£ư͵ҹȾʵƶɮѽ
ԴУһҲовڻԪɵ̬Ҳ˸һٰʮȵĴת䡣
Ԫûд𻰣һջѹҹǶˣʱɽȥŴװЩԣɻЩǮǡ
ŶˣӦõģҪɡ
һŸǣǲб˽һܼͭȥˡ
Ԫ汾ҪϢˣͻȻоڵķϵͳһ˿Ԫ漱æŲ鿴
ڣһγȡᣡ
ϵͳʾԪϲ񣬻Ⱥôڻд


009 
Ԫصϣʼ鿴ϵͳ
һλʮѡ飬ؼƣﶼûб仯
ȻЩĿĶȻͬԪ˲ͬ
ЩһγֹĶһξһûг֣ĶȻֵġ
Ԫϸ۲죬ϲط֣Ʒʹ󽱻ڡ
ν󽱣γȡᣬֻҪϵͳת䵽Ļôͻٴγֹ㣬һѡΡ
һλԪһʹʧۣ֮һֱڻٿ󽱣϶ϣõġ
˴֮⣬صҲܶ࣬ʮ໹н
˷ˣֻҪܳд󽱣˵һξŪöء
Ԫ漤ش֣鼤ƽ˺һʱ䣬ſʼתȡ
ʼĽ׶ιתٶȺܿ죬ҪȡʲôԪЩҿ۾żӺ󣬲۾
ٶ
ջԪĹƣͼֹͣ
ǰͼ棬Ȼһ󽱡
ƶһһľϡ
ľԪûۣʲôƷԼҲͼͭ壬Ȼõ齱
ݷǰһǰһǴ󽱡
Ȼǰһ£˴λϡ
ǰһһԺҲǲɻȱĶǺʹ󽱱͵һЩ
ͣͣ£
Ԫͨ
ΡΡģͣ˴λϡ
Ԫ漤嶼Щʮͼڳд󽱣ȷʵܺãԼĶˡ
ȷ֮ܲ󣬻Ԫֽضš
˼£ٴγ˳ȥɿת
ת˼ȦͣˣԪڵĵһƷˡ
ľ㣡

Ԫﰵ̾վûܶľȥҲ֪ϵͳŪôʲô˼ԼպһͳĴҵκΰ
Ȼﲻ㣬ʱ룬ǹѾٴתˡ

һҪӹԣԪ֮ȥһγȡ
ͣµʱǰֱ÷׮аĻһ
Ԫ治֪ȡᡣ
÷׮˵ˣֺбر֮ͺT̨ϵģһèͲϸⲽ书ԼĿǰֻһͷսʵڲҹάϲôԴײҲ˼Ƕѡɡ
аĸǲˣ⿴ͼаĽһͲǷƼʹܺصĽҲ˶ˣʺϻԪɧֵԸ񴩴
Ǹ͸˲ˣ߲㱦Ȳ˵ʲôôһˡ
˵÷׮ʵá
ɣ
ԪѾҿˣȡѽҪȴܶõֻ۾
Լ֮󣬻Ԫ۾
Ѿֹͣˣͣ档
ȡˣԪȡ˽Ʒ
һȥͨͨľ㣬Ա߻иСûõģԪоľķЩأ֮£Ԫһ¡
𣡡
ľ죬Ԫ澹ȻоԼЩҵ飬Ȼƽ
һƽһƬ
ľ㡭
ԪϲľǷﰡ
ٴ˼£Ԫȷˣľ֮Чľƺ˼伲඼ͬһˡ
⹦ܶϰʿ㲻ʲôǶڻԪ˵̫Ҫˡ
Ժչĸʲô
ˣ
û˼̸֣ʲôչľ㣬˶ʱһãҲԸء
ȻԪ治ȥɢͥЩ࣬޿֮˽֣δһ׮¡
Ժľȥ£Ҳܼǵıʹ֮ģպҲǺҪġ
ѽ
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ڶǷӵľ飬͸ī㣬Ԫˡ
ͻԪĲ࣬书ؼһԼ̽ԼԺԼʱһԪȫ͸ˡ
ȻЩԪ治ϡǶථһЩǺõġ
ѧϰ飬⾭Ҳ书ؼһľġ
ûЩԪҲ
һ
ǲһССƣעʹÿԵõ
Ԫ˼ɿתš
ѵķ񲻳ɣĻŪЩá
ϱӻԪ˵ĳЩ⣬ʲô񼣣ȻԪ治Щȷʵкܶţһʮʮ٣鴫бۣʲôϵƲʻģˣʲôԺȵȣ³ԽԽͽ
ּٵ񼣶£ͽʱԼʹƽͻȻһ޴ķΧ˿ӰǸʱԼٹĶһҲ𵽺ܺõЧ
Ҹǰ飬ڵķдôģÿԺǮˣڷڵõһ
ܴؼҵģǱڷڲעʩ˭ʩԺ汣ƽĻ
ⶫڷڻһôЩʩ߿Խ԰ԼĲϾԺ˻Ħʱñ˿ԼĴҲһܷ顣
ķҲǮˣҶ˰Ľٵõĺ׼汣ҲãҲã֮ƵĿǴﵽˡ
Ⱦ飬ԪȻ᲻ãڻԪѾΪ˳
ʹõʱҪ׼һҪѡʱ˿ƾճһȻΪ飬յ𺳵ЧʱǮһܶࡣ
γȡƷΨһЩźľûеõ书ؼԪҲ֪ˣû뵽ڻĺ£ûµĻԼҪȵ¸²ܳȡˡ


010 
峿籡ɽɢȥ
ոոһӣȥɽ¹ӵʳģǱǮ»ʹŴɽϡ
ĻǧѾΪӶķ֧ˡ
ԪЦеӭǮ»
ЩйԪ濪ʼԼڽµ롣
ЩţͶŴˡ
ΪԪҲǴȦΧǽ̨ףƽһµ棬û뵽ԪȻ֮⡭ǽԺֱ޽Ҫѽ
ȻҪկɽΧǽկɽѹɽ֮ĵطɽǳˣҪɽ߽Χǽһɽ֮ķɽͲˣṦֲС
ΧǽȻҪ޽ǽһ̾ͲСˡ
Χǽ֮ڵĵȫҪƽʯ⹤ҲޱȾ޴ģɵ˼֮ɼǧ˶⡣
ҿɽ޽û̵̫Ҫ
ҲԶԶ˹ǵļƻҲǮ»ļƻǮ»æŻԪ浽һߡ
ɴʦ²а
ʲôеģԪ治ɫԴӳȡ֮󣬻Ԫ̬ҲһЩ仯ԼǰЩСˣµĻһ⣬ڶ໨ǮҲҪպ󷵹
޽ûи޲ôǮ𣿡
Ǯһ˵Ԫ˵һǮ»ľĻ
ǡǹҲ
Ǯ»û˼˵»Ԫ滹ǮڵĵǻԪԼֻ⡣
Ҳð죬ЩѣȥϵֻҪƶɮǮӦòѡ
ԪǮ»䣬ȥЩʻ
ǵǲ¹̴󣬹ԽԽ׬ǮԪŵһռ۸Ǯͷ׷ܳȥѰѣģͬвѡ
Ǯ»ŻԪЩ˵ûȴڰ˼һһ᷽ɻԼԼôá
˹ԪǮ»ߣصӷǮʩ󣬸ƶɮںȱɡ
ˣˣͲͷɴʦˣǮĳţһɴʦˡ
Ǯ»ŵ֣ɲҺͻԪ泤̸˭֪᲻ٱ᷽Сװˡ
Ԫ滹п֮⣬Ǯ»æɴʦʵǮׯҲǸֵ꣬Ŀܳһɴʦ޽ƻģҪǮĳȷʵΪˣĿٶĻѾǮĳΧ
ŶȨ޲Ԫһ䡣
ʲôɣղ˵ʲôȫأǮ»ûʣһ䡣
ûʲôԪ˵©죬æ˹ȥֵǮʩǷֵ꣬ػ֪ܵ꣬ܵںδ
ܵڽ꣬Ǯĳʵֵ궼㲻ϣֵֻسǡ
Ŷǲ֪سڵķֵ꣬ܽ
سǷֵĿԽҿɴʦ޽ʹֻɽ·Χǽ͵漸ҲҪ⻹Ǳعơ
ƶɮڷֵǮʩΪƶɮһ
û⡣Ǯ»Ӧڷֵȥͷʹɡ
Ӧ֮Ǯ»Ȼ˵ǮĳΪʦˡǮĳֱԣɴʦ̵ܹ·Ŀ֧ڷáϣշĿǰĹģǿ֧ĴĿ֪ɴʦν飬ʱسڵķֵ궼޷ṩʦˡ
Ԫ˰֣ǮʩصģƶɮжԲߣǮʩֻҪΪƶɮڵǮׯͺá
Ǯ飬ʵԪҲغܼģǴԽԽãԼҲþתƵѧ
ڻǮˣԼȡպֵҲծ
úͷˣֱýơ
ҪģԼܾ콫·̵صһԽˣܰ顣
Ǯ»˿Ԫ棬ЩԥصȥڷֵҲס
˻
ģڷֵƹԣһų˿ȡУΪʶĶ֣вŻǮׯƹԸЩ֣Ķ·ˣô˵ԷƢʲôѺ¶޷
ˣ
ԪЩȣԭǮׯƹǸôԸļһ⣬һЩĪĹ⻹ǸţŲԸЩƫҲ֮С
ǲ֪ƹʲô˳۵أ
Ǯ»룺ӦǱȽвİɣи˺һξƣһԾ䣬ƹİоͽ˶Է
ԭǾǮʩΪһ£ƶɮվҪλƹġ
˵ĻǮ»˵ˣΪ᷽ɻ֪ѶˣһУʲôŻƫƫҪǾȥɡ
֪ԪĵϸôҲǴѧҵȻǰϣѧѾֵǮˣʱòŸ߰˶ݾΪ
Լɽǰسǡ
ʱѾɽˣ֮ոࡣ
ԪٴεӣǴ칬֮зǳʵһΡ
Ǳ߻ԪоһֱȼţǶǳԾȥ򣬾̨ϵķɡ
ԴԪ潲Ҳоͷ
һֱͷƫ
ЦŶʴ˵ʵ굽Ҽң϶㻹ǳλɣ
յĺۣɣٵǵһ˸˶˵νǿΪӦңӢ˸ȣ
Ԫͣ˿ڣ˿ƫĺգ˵ؽ͵ˣƶɮ£
̨һ첻ԷöɲˣץҲ޿κΣ׷̨ϵĻԪŻΪɢȥ
Ԫ΢Цһһ񣬸ɮٲȻ̨Ҳһյ˻һһ㶵ġ
ԪȣһյǶһ־壬һ仹ӣԺӺùˡ
֮УɵҲ

߹ˣ¿ڼ䣬Ԫֽµõ˷һա
ȻǺöǻԪû˼ȥо˾ţﾡãǸһϲ𷨵˱ȽϺʡ
õ֮һñݶˣʵĶԻԪһȻ󷹶ˣƨƨߵܻطרзȥˡ
ͻ濴һյĽֲʱ͵Ԫ棬ϣóһ
ǻԪҲôһ飬ֻװڴѯһ书չ
һڷȭоϰڻͨ۰Ͱ͵صŻԪ̸Լͷء
һ书˳ԣԪҲ¶ֱ֣ӽͷؼһ
õµؼһСˣɽȥˡ
Ԫ֪һʱڣǿһˣһѧĳԳ̶Ѿﵽ۷壬ͷоüĿǲֵġ

ڶһ磬ɽµĴɽˣԪȥ··̵ص̵أǽǽ
һЩӵḶ́Ⱥܿ죬Ԫư֮Щ̾ܿ
ʱнʲôľͿʹˡ
ֻĿǰԼɼֲ£⹺ԭܼͺ˲ˣǵĳ͡
齱ûгȡڽͳҪ¡
ԻԪ涼ûȵǮ»ɽֱɽȥ
ɽŴǮ»ɽһԪֱϳǮ»һǰسǡ
ƹģԪҲʶʶ


011 Ʒɺ?
ǷسǾҰԼʮһĳ̾͵ˡ
һ·ϣԪڱĿȻͻǰʱ򣬿Ϊַɣǲٵģǿһ·û˵ǰǮ»ĹǺ
Ǯ»Ҳҵ˾ԸãѹССɡ
سǣſڵĹٱûǮ»Ǯ»ҶȽϤˣ˼䣬ֱӽ˵Ƿڡ
ɣִҰس̫ˣֵﲻ
˲û³ֱӳ˳Ǯׯǰ
³֮ǰǮ»ԻԪɣи׼ƹԸȽϹ֣ʲôдܵĵطһ¡
ӷǮʩˣ㺭ƶɮеġ
Ԫŷţһƹ񲻿ϽԼԼǲҪҹֵвһ²ͣǮ»Ǯׯ
ǮׯǮ»ʶ˼䣬Ԫȥ˺ãҲƹס
ãиͯ˳Ǯ»ЦǮƹ
С죬ƹڣ
ڡ
ãλɽµһ䷽ɣǰƹ֮£Сȥͨһ°ɡ
ɣ
кӽС죬ͲʮӣȻԪڻСü꣬´˻Ԫ漸ۣͻȻ´½ص㡭Ǹ˵ĺУ
ԪٺһЦһ±ӣû뵽Ȼ˿ˡ
ƶɮ
Скܵ˻ԪߣԪ߳һٰʮ֣ȥʮСӾȻҲȻԪ氫٣ƳһˣڹŴ˵Ƿǳģҿȥ׳ʵҲϰ
ɴʦǰҲȥ˵飬ֻ·;еԶոձɽĹҶûҽ𣿡
Ԫ滹û˵Ǯ»˵ˣС죬ƹм£ʵûʱ˵飬ȥͨһɡ
СЩԸֹƹпˣ²ܼǡ
ȥʡǮ»ߴٵ
ɣ߰һ㡣СͷߣʱͷȥԪ棬ΨֻԪͻȻˡ
Ԫ氵ʧЦСӵȤһų֮ĺϲ
һСɿ˳˸߲ҵصǮƹģƹ˵ʱܼǣš
Ǯ»ЩƣСƹĲң㵹Ǻܸˡ
ǵȻˣɾ˵ˡ
С˷ܵŻԪǮ»ãæҵص裬ȻʹڻԪߣŻԪԼμǡ
ʱƹģԪҲû취ֻǵ˿СкӣʵС죬ʲô
ҽлƷɺ죬콲ɡ
Ʒɺ裡
Ԫ󾪣´죬ĸ֣
ɫĺ찡
ԪתתֲãŮӵ֣ҿ绻һ
ǰҲòãСʱϲŮ͸֣һֱ뻻һˣǲ֪ʲôá
ˣ㻻ɺëĺ裬ķ֣ǿˡ
Ҳ֪᲻ͬ⡣
ĺˣȥ˵ͬġǮ»ʶƷɺԪʲôĿģҲ˳˻Ԫһ¡
˰Լ˵ƷɺҲܸˣͷӦԺԼͽлƷɺˡ
ڸƷɺ֣Ԫ汨Լ飬Ҫ֪֮Գ书֮⣬Щ׼ҵҲǸִ˼Ʒɺ׼ҵе̳Ȼ˻Ʒɺ貢ǸӰߵĻʦǻԪǵYYͷȴʼû¡
СƷɺʵӦҲϰгɵģԼպɾδؾǰ֪ǸƷɺ֮¡
ַȷϣȷϻƷɺȷʵϰ֮ˣԪŷģﰵơ
ǰֻԼ书Ͼٳٲ˵飬ƷɺЩͷˣֻʵɣ˵Ǹôôأʹմ칬ˣҲѹɽɣҶú£ңѹ졭ʱҶܲ˵ġ
ǱǮ»æ廰СĪ˵֮ףǰλķɣɱ˵滵
Ԫ˰Ц޷ֻǾ£ȱΪġ
ԪĻûƷɺ˼ֺøС
ԪЦŶԻƷɺ𣿡
񾭳ֵܿġƷɺٺЦš
ǰʵԼ֣һҪʡ
ʣƷɺסˣͷһ˵˵
ԵġԪ϶ص˵ͷˮһڣȻʣԲÿճأⶼҳˣǷʻûܼȥ֮һ취ķԻԵʵǽ˶˶أʻûܼȥ
£Ʒɺ辪ȵŴ͡
ԱߵǮ»ĿɿڴɣȻ˱ŷ棬ҵ죬һﻹǺ
Ԫ浹Ǻ˼ǵؿԼֻ˵ЦȻ˷ɣǻԪʵûʲôԷ֮ģǰȻҪھͼˣ˵Цһ¸޷
ﲻݣԪ෬޹ܲסˣ˸ιӥȺУأʻûȥ
Ա˸ǾˣɵɵؿŻԪ棬ԭιӥĵʵô¶
ιӥûȥʣͻȻһԺȻԼݺܶ࣬ԷĽʺޣһŭ֮£ѹɽ꣬˵ݣ겻Էݸ
˱Ԫ滣һһ㶵ģǮ»ȷӦˣԪԾڶƷɺأɹЦ
ƷɺҲӦȻ֪ԪڶԼǶڻԪؿǸĹۣɻȤܶԼƢҲǸŷЦ
Ԫĵ٩ڵմãȴƹҲôĵ顣
ŻԪͻƷɺǱ˵˵ЦЦԱǮ»ипɻǲ򵥣һ㶼׹ΪɸҿЦڲͬ


012 ס
һȲҪʱӽ磬һֱȵɫڣۿ͵ҹƵʱ֡
ʼƷɺ軹ţƷɺ豻ˣֻ»ԪǮ»ˡ
ʱ֣Ǯ»ȥһЩʳ˼򵥵سһ㡣
Ԫ汾Ǯ»ЩʳģǰԼַɵȴ˼˵ֻϣǮ»ǳԼҪ£Ǯ»ƫƫǸˣȫʳûԪﳤ̾Ҳпԡ
ܳ⣬ñصĸɮ󣬻ԪһֱţǮ»Ǳ߼ĲʱȥҲҶ
һֱϣƷɺų֡
ɴʦǮƹģƹˣǮƹĺʹʦҲͬȥ
Ǯ»ɫЩÿһ죬һֱϣ˳ӴԼˣɲǴ֮
ΪԪȥǻԪ΢ЦƷɺöȥ
˸Ʒɺ裬һֱǮׯ
ǰǮ»ûȻһʻĻ԰
֮ͨһЩӻȵȣǹ԰㣬ˣڴҹʱ֣԰ȼƻӰأɫ
԰룬ɰڷһϯѾ
ƷɺǮ»ͻԪһģվкǮƹģ
ԪԶԶӦþƹˣȻһ
Ǯ»ƹкԼȴûкԪ棬Щ죬ֻõƹģλµķɣһʦѾһˡ
ŶǷɰȻˣǾһϯɡ
֮䣬˿ҲѻԪ濴
ɴʦ㿴
Ǯ»Ԫ棬Ԫ˵ͷ֮֮Ȼƹʢƶɮֻȴ֮ˡ
˵Ժ󣬻Ԫֱһʯϡ
ԪѣǸƹһĨ֮ɫ
ãƹվλҸ໥һ°ɡ
ԪʱҲˣһӴԼʮͣź룬һѾ޴ȣȥҲΡ
һҲǸУʮҵͣĿƣǿƺ书
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λž޴ȵ˶Ǯ»ͻԪ΢΢ȭûйıʾ
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¶ҡԼ׳ƺΪԺ
ԪҲ΢΢ЦЦû˵֪ģνĴҲĸåˣ¶ֵЩ򲻼٣ȴѵǴ֮ãһֱ鴵꣬ƷԽ⡣
ֻµȻܱ¶
λɽϷµס֣ʦǷ·մʦʦܣ书Ǽߡ
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ԪǮ»Ҳ׷׻
˶ԷƹֽǮ»ͻԪ档
λҶǮׯƹǮ»
Ǯ»æԶλʿʩ񣬱ϾͷƲȫɱʲôĶЩ˵ʲôԼɲҵЩˡ
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Ŷˣ£ʲôط
Ԫüͷ΢΢һ£ƹĺǹڱԼԼǰʶҲ֪Ϊλ
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Ϊֽһ䣬Ԫ汾ЩøУû뵽ĻͲˡ
˶㣬ǰη书ϡɣѾڴֻмڣҲ֪Σλһ䷽ɵͣؼʹϰѧҲûжصаɡ
ЩǳͷβıˣԪаǻЦʦƶɮҹͬλկɽɽ壬۵λΪԽȻ˲ۣ࣬ҽѾɮڿʼ뱾¡
һ£Ԫ书һ˵ʦ֮ӣѧֹΪȣƶɮţ۷书ֶκɣһգ书ֽ˾֪顣

дЦʲôЦЦЦ˺ð죬ŶԻԪһ䷽ɣĿδ˵㣬˵书֣ҷɮڰˣҷʦմʦոǿҲ˵Ȼ¼Ҳûκɸ˵ֻһëͷС˷ɣͲ֪ߵغˣֱЦ֮
˵δʦҿĿԴֽ꣬ɽһɡ
øַɣȻţôƶɮֽ̼У֪ɿɸӦս
Ԫ΢Ц˰֣첻УƹǮׯƹǸˣ²ϲΪˣȻҪ˵Ĺأ˽գƶɮԵ㡣
ʵҲΪ˽ȻʿǲƹӴģ뵽һ㣬Ȩףֿ˿ƹɫȻƹֲ죬ֻôͷ
պҪѵԪ棬ǻģͷ
ǺãȻƹǮׯڣҲ㣬Ǿ͸գһ䷽ɸղ˵书ɣҲģƹҲһˣǾͱԱ鱾ϵĹΣ
Ԫת˼£ϵıµȻԣ۷𷨣ƹҲûʲôȤ
ȷ𷨣ƹǶˣʫʾͨλ¶´ҲзʫоǾͱһʫΣ
¶ƹƺȤԪﰵˬұԷ𷨣ȻַɣǶڷʵȤʫʣƾҴѧƱҵǼƿ׵ļһﲻɡ


013 ֦ͷ
µգ죬Ժ
¾ƵСˣһŮ죬Ȼ³ʵһܡ
˾⣬һ裬רΪкͻԪ׼ġ
ԪűӳЩһĶ裬ǿŲȥЩʳ
ʱƹվ
ƹ޼һţǱȷʵмֲûܿȡƽ󺶡
λҶвѧ֮ˣĳǾССдһ£ÿʫһףˣ֪ΪΣ
дкãֵʫ˵ȻҪиͷȻʫҲա
Ǳɷ¶ʵ֪ʦ˵òͷʲô
ͷȻҪںĶƶɮ飬ʫõλϿɣôƹľ콫ƶɮĽˣ֪ɷ񣿡
޼΢ЦͷֻҪʦʫʹأкʵ⡣
ԪԱԹۣ֪⼸˿Ѿ˽⣬ʱӦǹԼ
¶һЦµĲͷҲˣǧƹĿһ°ɡ
޼ͷֿ֮Ԫ棺֪һ䷽ɵأ
Ԫ˸ţƶɮҲ룬ƶɮʫʻƹΪƶɮ
ǾҪûˡ
޼˿Ԫ棬ЩϾԪʵڲŷ
λأ޼һ⡣
¶룺µʫУԷһơ
޼Цףʦһ䷽ɷƻ˵ùȥϾǳˣƣƲǺܴĳͷ㷣ƲǱˡ
޼˵ǱǮ»ɫһ䣬ϾԪԼĿˣﱻ˾ƣ˷ŵĽɣԼҲЩ
Ҫ˵ǱͻȻƹ˼ƶɮˣͷƳΣ
ʱԪѾˣ⼸ǹԼأֻҪԼҲͬ飬һҪƳˡ
Ͼ˳أⶼǲմģǿԼ֮ҪȥɲҲȾƳġ
ǻԪаЦǼ÷Ҳݺƶɮ˵ƶɮ䣬ˣҲºȾƳĳͷôˣﶼ쵭ˣý˳Ľ
ʱʹȥҲֻ˵ԼΪطչԸ裬ҲǺ
ǻԪҲֻ룬ϣ治䡣
ԪҲͷȻʦ˵ɫƶɮҲܸ˺Ҳգ⴩ͷһƶɮˣطҲƶɮһƬĵġ
༸ɫһ䣬û뵽ԪҲȵɫͨĺв̫һһĺУһͻᲪȻŭˡ
ͷһһöǮ»ʫΪ󣬱ϾӦûƽġ

Ϊ֮ˣ޼һվ
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˽кã޼ǳ⣬־ʱȴԪ΢ЦʱЩ죬ɲµʫʲ뷽֮ˡ
Ԫ˰֣Բӣʩʫ±£ȷʵףֻ΢覴ãҲ޴󰭣覲褣ҲѾˡ
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޼Ȥصλ£ԻԪǻ뷽ָһˣ֪µʫ棬ﻹ覴أ
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Ǳ߳¶ҲŻԪ棬׼ԪЦ
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θĶǴҺӻ˾ѵвزɣ
޼˵Ѿ˳ͬԩңͬɽһͬܵȻǿԪ治˳ˡ
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֦ͷ֣
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ܿģ޼ֳ֮ɫ֮лһ˿˷ܡ
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˶Ⱥ˵ˣ޼Ҳˣлָ㣬ĳܽˡ
˵Ժ޼һƶԻԪʾһʾл֮⡣
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û뵽¶ֱˣﲻ죬Ҳû취ֻӲͷƤվԻԪһ䷽ɣ´׾ˣʣˣ
ʦ롣
ãǳˣȻ쳾ʫҲᣬǱϾǵݣƶɮ飬ʫӦйأ֪Σ
Եˡ
Ԫͬ⣬ƺһ֮ǰԪĶ޼ʫ䣬ƺйﻹûףһƣػԪʱڲʲô̫õʫ䣬һԼʤˡ


014 ޳
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Ա߳¶޼Ҳǲסͷкá
ԪԹۣʫҲǿԣǾԲѾ䣬Ǯ»ǲ¶޼ı΢Щ
˶˲ȫ޵޵ĴٻҪЩƤ
ҲûԪ԰ֻҪԼʫԳܶ࣬ôس¶޼Ҳƫ̻
ʫҸоãưؿԪ档
Ҳѹ֣ǽʿмʫʵģõñһЩҪǽΪֺ޼Ҳ秵ʫԪ᷽Ȼղָ޼һ䣬ǱϾ̫СҲϵģʲôѧǲܵġ
Լ޶ʫҪзңԼʫԪʱʫܴĿ
Ԫ濴˿ûжʫۣǶ˵λôƶɮҲ׳ˡ
롣
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Ԫվ뿪˾Աߵӻӱȥ
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бۿԪ棺һ䷽ɣĪҪˣǿЩʫɡ
˼ԪֻǲԼ̫࿼ʱ䣬ǻԪѳأȻһЦʦҲģ̫˿Υҽ壬Ӱľ
ߣһƶɮֻڼǷɰɡ
¶ҲɣˣǿЩʼɡ
Ԫûлش˼۾ʼտе£ڵ޳
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¶ҲǲסͷֻɫЩÿڵɣһ㲻ʫɡ
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ǷչɺպԣԪҲ˵ôȻɵñ˲š
Ȼ޼¶֮ɫٴξٱԪ
Ǳɫ죬Щ಻סˣ޼˵ǻû˵ҵʫʫ˭ĺء
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ʲôñȵģ˭ĺþ˭ĺãþǲá
ʦӲҪȵĻôǮĳֻ˵ʯȽûκεĿɱԣǿȥȣֻ˵ʯ۲ʶ񡣡
㡭˵ʲôҲ˵Ļƹģţ˵
޼Щεؿһۣʦһ䷽ɵʫ֮ѣĳƽǲҪ˰ɡ
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˾棬ҲˣЦһãߺߣֻҪʦֳ֣϶Ѵ֮ǲϽ裬˿Ͻ裬˴үүĸˣ
˵һ˦䣬תߡ
¶ȴվû˵
ſڴͻȻתԻԪһ䷽ɣúýְɣҳȥһֱˣƹǮɾͻˡ
ӷס֣ͲˣƶɮԵƾӪʹһ챻ˣҲƶɮĽ벻һģʲô£ƶɮԵ
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ԪǺЦͿ޼һЩ˵İǣһʲô鶼ˡ
ãð
ǰˬ֮ˣ޼ͽƷɺ裬˵ǩݣǮ»м޼˻Ԫ޽Ժպʱ
ܿǩ־ݣ޼ȡƱ˻Ԫ档
ˣԪĿǴˣֵĽ費ˣɽ·ƽԺ޽Χǽ㹻ˡ
ĿĴﵽԪҲ޼ǡ
ɫ޼˻Ԫסһҹڶһ磬ûƷɺʻͻԪɽ
صɽ£Ʒɺ軹ЩᣬԻԪɣպʱ䣬˵ġ
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ϰ䣡Ʒɺ۾һɻصֺûмаɣ˻书𣿡
Ԫ¿˿·һʯԼһô󣬹ȥȻڻƷɺ辪ȵĿУһͷײȥ


015 
ֵĽݱؽţŻԪѵҳȥٹĹƻɽ桢Χǽڷɿγɹģ
µĸиæģԴӻͻԺһձԽڿԪල蹤ܶȵ鶼ȥ
ͻҲɵ֪һԼ˾ҲææǵģһʱԪ淴Ǳһˡ
ҲϻԪ⣬ʱ˷ڼල̽չϣҪ
ͯӹ
ǻԪĲͯӹԼԭѧģϵͳȡ书һѧͻᣬҪϰġ
˵Ԫϰ츳һ㣬һĲϴһأǱһջ΢ǿ˵㡣
ʣѧϰڹȻչȻҲѧʮŸոˡ
ʱ棬Ԫ˽μ֮⣬ʣʱϰͯӹˡ
ʮȥˡ
һ죬ɽǧˣμǵģԪ潲ôãμҲŮˡ
ξ˵μľڣɮŮĹЩˣҲμɮΨһһζġ
ԪͼӴףڶﵽӵˮƽˣȻڵ
ЩҲʱһζ
棬Ѿ߹ģ´ԺڵȺѹѹһƬԪﻶϲ
ƷɺҲˣǰ棬ݵؿԪ档
Ʒɺ쿴ԪһͷײʯͷԺ󣬶ԻԪݵԸӣ֮󼸺ܣԪ书
ǻԪһֱûдӦԭܼ򵥣Լ˻ͷ⣬ʲô书ᣬ˵̻ƷɺˣǺͻƷɺ趯֣ҲǱȭŵĴſ¡
ԻԪֻбָĪӣŻƷɺθڣھԼһγ齱ѾϵһˣмǴӵģֿԳ齱ˣʱܳȡһŹ١
ɤӣԪ˵Ůһ裬⣬¶ˡ
ܶ˶˹ӣ¶ʲôˡ
ʱͻȻȺһɧ
Ԫͷȥֻʮ´󺺴ɽ
Щ˸ǿ׳ﻹеŸֵеľеźӧǹ
Щ㾫Щ˴·ҲǱװһ֪ǹ֮ˣҶǽʿ
Ԫ۹⻹е㣬бµˣԲӡ
ǽˣǹٸˣôһˣ졣
ȻһͷĴֺȺǰ棬ҿ˿һӼӹ˸ͷ
ôүһ
˰һţҲ˵ʲô
ģɽ治ߣ󺺺׳¶Ļëķ˶ĶƤӲ˲ϵĺȻ˵ĻԪ档
ιǺУˣǵǷصĵؽ磬ţү˵ˣǷһ׬ǮģҪɷã˵ж˰ɣӹҲ˼ǿǺУûΪ㣬ϣԼȥǮƫƫԾҪүһˣɾͽ˵ˣүǵ㻹Ҫɡ
ţү֣Ա¶µɫ
ԪҲܼˣȻԻƷɺ֡
Ʒɺ˹Ԫʵɺ裬˵ţү˭ЩǸʲôģ
ƷɺͷЩһۣ¶ĵɫȻԻԪɣʲôţүһݵĽͷͽţҲǵǷˣǳ¶Сӣ书һ㣬̹ҼУһһǷû˲⼸ݵĵӣʵǵƦƤ֪Ϊûٸɻ¶
ˣЩаնԸ
Ԫ֪ƷɺյģΪ˰ԼΪʦƷɺ軹Ԫݹ
ǰЩȭȣƷɺĹǲģԪ֪ԼԶԶǶֵģԲдһʡ
ƷɺҲ֪Ԫ治书ΪԪǿԼҧһ촽صţˣҲǶ֣Щһ£ҵĶ֣˶࣬ҲܶԸܶԸ
ƷɺĻԪ΢΢ҡͷˣƷɺԸһӮԸ϶ˡ
齻ǮܹȥˣǻԪ򲻻ύǮġ
Ȳ˵Ԫŵĳ̶ȣ챻Ʀå˱ѣԺôѧΪյӰ
ϸһ£ЩƤһʮлƷɺܶԸһ书ȻƷɺ΢һ㣬ܶԸһջͻˣһЩ죬ֻǲߣһ˶Ըһû⣬Ƕˡ
ȥһû˶Ը㲻þҪԼͷˡ
ǽҲܽжԷռ˱ȥԪһᣬͷкһ£ӻƷɺ趼վԼ
Ĵ󺺣Ԫ˸ףӷλʩɫǻ磬ƶɮȰһ䣬ƷУĪ֮ص֮ȽΪտ½ֻ֮ܵ࣬ຣޱߣͷǰǰƶɮ˵سɷ𣬸Ͻǵ£ǰڣȻɽȥɣñӦ١
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һͻƷɺͰ಻סˣƷɺ裬翴Щ˲˳ֻۣǰƵ£˼֣ǵһȥ
һҲˣΪֵһ֣ȻҲеģƤвԪ淢Ҳȥ
ЩƤû뵽ǾȻҶ֣ҵӭһȻƷɺһŵˡ
ˣһҲӲͷƤˣ֪֮һѡһ֣̰
ԱߵϰһˣŵһԣϴһƬյء
໥ɱֻʣԪ滹жĴ󺺡
ǧû㵽Ľ󺺿˿Χֿ˿Ԫ档
ƷɺʶԼǶ֣ǼҲй򣬲ʰҿȥԪͷģ⣬ֳֵָĺɱ˹
̵ģ书ߵľȻˡ
Ԫп࣬ǽһҶԼԼ֪һ˼Ҵ˶սԼӾǰ׸ͷһ㡣
ΪԷôõ˻һῳԴϾԴɱ
ķԪ군ˣֻﲻͣ߶ɣɣҵԴɣôһŹͷأôأСӿǧ˰


016 µĳȡ
Ǵ󺺿Ԫ治㲻ĵͺ¿ֻһƤɱ˻ûǵİѵƫһƫ¶ӣ֪䣬ͻֻһԴӣѪˣԼ⵶ҲǺܷ
࣬һ˻ԪԴϡ
Ǳߴ򶷵ļ˼ˣͣ֡
ЩЩ£Ҫˡ
µļǴ󾪣һǴ󺰷ɿ㣬һǷɿظԮֻлƷɺ費ôģԪ书ǿָ֣ԴӲĺܣƤһ˲ġ
һ죬ֵ䵽ԪͷϣȻ˽ֵ֮Щڴ֡
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ϵͳ书Ԫһѧ͵ɾ磬ͷѾǵǹˣﺦһΨһĵľƤƫˡ
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Ԫ˫ֺʮţʩسɷȻƶɮҪˡ
ڳ˶סˣǰԮһҲͣ˽ŲɵɵؿԼķʦ֡
Ǹ󺺸ĿɿڴβûظֵһֵֻۣȻһڡ
Ҫ֪Լûʹ⵶ͻˣԴĲɣ
ȱ£ѾⷶΧ
ڷڼ䣬ԪͻȻ͵ֱۣŭҪƶɮֳ㲻ɣ
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˻ˣϸˣ
˼ôʱ򣬻ԪͻȻ̧ˣڳһ͵ƣҪһƽԼıӡ
ڼֲסˣֽһתܡ
ЩҲԪıסˣڿͷˣѾӿڣӻ졣
ԪֹһҪ׷뷨Ī׷׷ȥԷ֮Լһˡ
һֱܵɽԵԪû׷Ŵе⣬ţү֪
ЩԶˣΧİղ֪˭ȷһż˶ŷ
Щ˺еǷأΧʮĶûǵھȻ˸ͷǴġ
Ҳ˺ĵѻԪ棺ɣҪСİţ书ұг¶ɲǺǵġ
Ԫ˰֣޷ʲôˣҵıз滤ӡ
ڻԪĻ˲ΪȻƽʱݰҲͰˣΪĴڲɡ
ϻԪλҲţǾȥһ¿᲻顣
飬Ҳܼ˵ˣҲͽɢȥɢȥ֮䣬Ǯȴն
󾭹Ԫ㣬쾹Ȼ׬ȡʮӡ
׬ȡѾҪˣҪֵİȫ
ƾôˣڽĩ㲻ϡ
κһ綼ˣ˭ȭͷ˭
ǸţһģϾǵǷصĻͷӣ۹ŴִȻˣҪ⣬¶˳ӣһҪһ϶ġ
Ҳ˿ԪԴӲӽǸƤһƺ²ԼＸԪһأû漣ǾԹ˵ġ
ǰԪ治¶κξ⣬һһҲʧȥģǲˡ
µϣֻܼڽҹһεĳ齱ˣܳȡһ书ؼпܶԿţ

Ⱥɢȥҹʱ֡
Ԫڷеȴȴҹʮ㡣
ʱɳ©ʱҲô׼һ㶼ϰ߹Ƶʲôʱ
ǻԪ治һϵͳ棬ʱģ֪׼ȷʱ䡣
¶ʮ壬Լ¶ʮ壬ùһˣڼ³һγȡᣬһγȡҪȵ¶ʮˡ
һεĳȡܹؼܵõ书ؼԪҪ취һˣҪҸ뿪֣һԼཨĶҪһʱҪǮׯծ񣬶ҹѾԸǮԼˡ
ԼŬˮôֻܽϣؼʱ
õ书ؼţôһ鶼ʱȥˣһεΣӦǵԼɽŹϷĴ庺
Ǵ庺˵ʲôɵӣ»ؼ̽ףʱƻԼ鷳
ɵӿ϶ţö࣬ǻԪ滹ʱ䣬һʱͲôˡ
ڵȵҹʮ㡣
ϵͳһ벻طʾһһεĳ齱ᣬǷʹã
ʹã
ʮͼٴγ֡
Ԫȡ֮ǰϰϸʲôȷļԼҪģȻתϵͳƺӾʵԸ
ϸ˸飬ؼƣ飬ӣҷѡ
ؼֱǣɨѹָС๦ȴƣ黨ָʨӺ
ɽŽǧ𶴽¥ýԺͲؾ
Ԫû̫ע
бӣģ¯̨顣
һƥһһⵣһˮףһоƷ͹󽱡
Ԫо˰죬γֵƷǲģ书һС๦ǲڹķȴҲͦƷΨһȱɱǺǿԲŽȴ󱯡
黨ָϳָˣһָ֮ϡ
ʨӺǷҵı־ѧһ֣书͵ɱһƿ
ʵɨѹͶָҲУԸţ˲ѾˣǻԪЩøԶë֮ǰȡͷһϣܳȡһŸ߼ѧ
ǳȡ书ؼĻᣬҲֻ֮һѡ
ĿǰΪֹԪ㲻ֻǲ֪һΣ¹ֵطչҵĺܱܲסˡ
ȻȡƷֹõģǻԪ沢ûбʲôϣʮ֮һĻᣬԼеġ
һڣԪת˹㡣


017 ʨӺɽ
ɿתţԪŬضţϣܿתĹɣǺܿϧһɶûз֣ת˼ȦҲûп
ϣԼŪתĹɣת˼ȦͼôպԼͿԸݣӶȡԼȡĶ
ΪʼʱԼǿѡһͼʼģʼԼѡƷ͹㡣
ǹתٶȻǿһЩĻԪûп
أ
һʱ򣬻ԪͺʧΪƷʹԵİҲ岽ͻֹͣôҲܵõˡ
ߵĲйɵģôԪڿȷһͼʼôͿ϶õͼڵĶ
ȻԴ󽱲̫ۿòԪ滹Щʧ䣬ֻǿۿ
ԼĺҪ𣿡
ǻԪͻȻ֣Ȼ㲻ܵ󽱵λˣǰ漸Ʒ֮УȻһʨӺؼ
ʨӺǰǰ¯
㣬ƾͻͼֹͣ
Ԫ汾ʧ־ҵ
ʨӺ𰡣
ַɱѧؿұ֮һ
Ԫ澭ʮڵͯӹѾǿһЩ֮Դײǽ˲١
ʨӺҲΪһǳµɱﵡ
ûдҲûϵʹд󽱣ҲδܳȡʨӺ𣬶£ʨӺˣ
Ԫ漤ȭͷضϵͳȴֹͣ
֮У˰λϡ
ЩԪҲСƥƥԪǳҪ»ǱҪ
ܲԼȡ˰ܰɡ
ƺͣ˰λϣԪסȭͷġǡ졣
һһ
Ԫغƺ˻ߵĸо
ˣҮ˹
Ԫһβߺһ
ڵʨӺλϣȵվסûٴƶ
ȡ
ϵͳ޸Ԫһ䵽˵ϡ
ȡ˽ƷһʨӺؼ˻ԪС
õؼ֮󣬻Ԫ沢ûмҹеЩˣǰɽɡ
ûиκˣԪһѣȻɽȥ

կɽɽԲʮǰɽֱȽƽ񶼱ԪΧǽȦɽǷǳվʯᾣѶɣԪҲûйﲻΧǽʵǣǾṦ֡
Ԫһֱߵߡ
ҹϡԪ󣬸ɴϨ˻ѣ¹⣬ܿؼ֡
飬Ķ֪ʶɿӿ˻ԪԺ
Լ˰ʱԪȫʨӺȫ衣
ʨӺʮǿľȫգ˹嵤ʹ֮ףɴʮ֮ĵ㺮ûֱֵӱ޴С
ѪҲֽŷʱɥʧս
˵ʨӺһԶֻ̹Ҫʹ㹻ԱɴģɱƬĵʱ벻Ч
Ψһȱ㣬ʹô书޺
ԪȻȫʨӺľ裬ǲܷǿʨӺԭ̫ˡ
ϰߵĸڣ͵ˣԲǸ֡
ԪͯӹȻǲڹκγɾ̫ͣڵҲǿյģֻôһЩЩ
ȻŹ򣬻ԪζҪԵġ
תɽ
淢ʨӺ˾ȥһܾܿͲᳳڵļˡ
ɽƶЩ֮߳ˣҲ¾ŵ˭
һԪ͵ſڣһ
пɷ֣һǺһֻ߼֣һ߾߽Сס֡һģһʨӺЧʨһĺ
ԪھǷʨһĺǲصĴһ
һ͵طԪ˲оһգǰھҪ赹
æǿվסԪԺƺǰĲݶȥԼˣȥ
޴ľЩҡΣּһɧңȺҰգеɵҡҡλεģƺʱܵһ
Ҫ֪Ԫ֣ǻһľأ
ͷѣ˰죬ԪŻָ
ָ˹֮ȴտҲԼǵһ֮¾Ȼһ㶼ʣˣ
ʨӺģȻֲ˹
ԪղȫУһȣôڴﵽԵЧ
ǼʹȣԪƼʹСУҲܺµģʨӺΪĹϵ߾硣
ʨӺ˵޵ĻҲ޷Ŵ󣬵ʵȴǿ޷ŴģΪ˵ʹ߶Ҳܷ޴
ԪٷôǰһȺ񣬻Ԫһ֮£ûܹյġ
ʹҲˣ
Ԫ㣬Լǲʲô򣬵ԼĿǰ˷ҵʨӺѧպܳȡһڹϰôƾһЩڹˣ٣ԼĶ֡
Χһ󺰴ܷŵһƬȹԪ涼˷ܡ
ȻڼҸ˵ʨӺҪۿˡ
˵ԪʨӺ䲻⣬ȫЩˣʹǿ׳ˣҲ㹻ͷĿѣġ
ƽһ£׼ͻȻɽԼԼشһ
󣬵ǻԪޱȵȷһ˵
˵ηСӡϷ򡭡
壬ڵص״һ㣬Զĸо
ǻԪģȷʵһ˵ֻԪĴҪɱԪ˼
Ԫųһͷ亹ɽȻ˴ڣ
Լɴ֪鰡ɽ˵Ҳ󣬶ҵվĹʯΣգԼߵߴˮûȥôأ
ôʱԼͼλʦֵܣɴûˣǸںɽ棬Ҫôȥأ
һӹɵģǸˣһǸ֡
ȻԶôܴԼĶ
Ϊʲôֻ˵ȴûг֣ԪͲ֪ˡ
Ҳ֪Լµ΢һԱΪϣɽԸʲôʲôɣڵԼûйϵ
ææ߻£Ҳû
ˣܺʲôʱȥǰ˵
ԪǿԼǺɽˣר׼Ըţˡ


018 
ϰһʨӺ𣬾ȻֺɽиˣԪЩǡ
Եģɽһ֣ǿΪĳԭ޷뿪
ڲ뿪Զ뿪Ҳĳһˣһ
ܣԪǲڣҲҪԼ书˲С
߶ϣһںɽ꣬Ԫص¡
µļѾԲĴԺȫͣʯ̵أΨһɽһСûɣŻûɣҲ֮ڡ
Ԫصڣûлȥ˯ĵ˺Ժ
ݻԪĹ滮ĿǰֵĴԺΪĸ֡һ֣Ԫƻ¥¥ȡ
ߣǵڶ򣬻ԪƻֱǹյӵΤӵҩʦʮֻԼ۱ȵȷ
һ͵ڶҪǹ㣬˲ι۵ġҪիáԷ޺áááĦԼ䳡ȵȡĲ ֺĵشҪؾľԺԺҵȵȡ
ľ뿪ˡ
Ժ棬ǽɽؽˡ
˵ɽӦ֣ɮԲ֮ķĹ־ڤϺȥˣʱ޷
ʹˣܵĽҲ١
ĿǰѾջԪ뷨ָʯ̨Լիõȶ޽ˡ
Ԫֱ˵ΪߴʺϽΨһĽƣҲ
ߴԶԶľܿδı־Խ
Ԫ˵ˣ˵ܿ飬ʵǴڰҹ
ԼԤƽĵطԪ鼤⻹ԼһʹýƣҲ֪Ǹʲôӡ
ҲӦɣȻôѽ
ԪﰵͳһֱڻĽơ
Ƿȷʹƣ
ϵͳʾԪȷʹá
Ľʧˣһ̣˻Ԫѡĵط
һģӰˣһ
㡢Ĳ㡭
һֱ˾Ų㡣
Ӱʵֻ˴ԼʮӣһŲ㱦ƾճ˻Ԫǰ
ԪĿɿڴؿǰһĻϵͳĽ棬һôˡ
ҹдԪ̧ͷȥ
պ㣬һƽңʯ̨ףÿ㶼кˣŷ壬ڶö
ĴţԪ¹̨ףƿš
һƬԪȼ˻ѡ
ΧǽȫǷһľ޴Ա߻ƲͯӣɽȵԱ߻͵ƣֻԪûȥȼ
Եһ£һķӦһǧңµĴһЩСһЩ
תһ¥˶㣬͵һֻ࣬ľ޴鼪
֮ÿһԪ涼һˣͬС
ιһȦԪ뿪
濴ģɽۣƺܽӴƲһ㣬ԪһԺС
죬ЩɽϣһôĻ棬һҹ֮ƽû˻Ϊģʱ򣬷ҵͽɻࡣ
ȺڻպյӵʱҲࡣ
ʱ򶫷ѾǰףԪĵ˷Ϣ

ڶһ磬ֵһաһͻ𴲣ط֣ѾõĴԺ󷽣̫ķһɸ⣬ô𺳵ؼ䡣
ƴ۾Ŵȣŵı
վڱ棬֮ΰ·ƶˣҲûмķͬɽеķҲзһСǩ
񼣣ֱ񼣣
Ȼ췽˵зļҲû£ôһ治Ƿ𣬲ȻǴʲôطֵģ
һи⣬Ƿô֪ģ
ѵ˵Ѿܹͷ湵ͨ𣿻˵Ƿˣ
˼عؿͷ˵ŷ鱣һĻ
ܿģɽºܶɽ
ԭ֮ɽµҲ
λ壬ƾ͸ߣԪѡڵظߴɽ¶ܿ
ôһôͻأسˣǽɽµˣŮľ鶼ûôˣɽ˵컹һࡣ
ȫ֮ɽѾۼ˽ӽˣһ½½ɽ
Ƿľ£ڷΧ㵻棬汣ӣǵ֪棬¾ǷɵģȻ޷͡
ܶҪ̴򿪷ţհ񼣡
ϧŵģҲȥһյҲûԿףҲȥ
ô飬һյ˵ȻҪ淽ˣǻԪȴûʲô˵ģŴ⿴һ֮󣬾˵֪ˣ˯֮ٹȥ
ⶼˣأ˯꣬¶ˡ
һյЩֵסˣòӲѻԪӱ˳
Ԫ治ԸĴ·óԿס
һһԪóԿˣɴ۾ôŪķԿ׾Ȼڷ
ʲôʱõģѵҲǷθĲɡ
ԪҲû׼飬һ˷ǰ˼ݣȻתԿȵȺλʩλףүǶǡ
ԱһպͻĵŲһ½ŲͻԪһ룬ʲôã˵еŵʲôүǶ㵱ԼǴʽյء
վߣ˵ʵеˡ
ˣ͸һҷ˵ˣԺдѵĺöҪ͸أ㿴Ƿ͸ҵԿס
Ԫ˵ţԿҡĻ죬ʾʵԡ
ɣǲιһ·񼣰ɣ
ǰǽȥɣ
ܶ˸Ž£ڲιۡ
Ԫ濴ѹѹͷⶼȥǰѹ˲ɣæ֣ǲ㿴ģ˿ͣ˵𣬿ɱһ򻧼լƽֻڹרԼķˣܽڽ˵ȣֻĦˡ
ĴһȻΧһЩСҲԽ㡣
˵ҪǮǿȵƽȥ٣ܶ˲ˡ
񼣣Ѿô󲿷˷ĴڣȱǼҵУˣɣһҪ
롣ԪǺЦˣͺãͺðϸƻƶˣ͵Ϲˡ


019 Ⱥ
Сͷһ𡣡
ƹʮͷһ𡣡
ŷԱ⣬һҹһ
һյ˹𾪽׶ΣڻԪָ֧ӣʼеǼǡ
Ԫǲͣؽȡڷ·ĵϵ˵֡
ǻԪڷֵģµľӣں۵λϡ
Ƶļ۸ͱȽϹˣͷʮҲһۡ
ΪҪز𣬵ǻԪ滹СǶδ֪ĳݺŷһƽضķûܽΪʲôʱ򣬺ܶѾĵ˷̣˷Ĵڡ
һڵܱԼǮʲôġ
ʱһ˲𣬶Ԫյ˰ǧ

Ⱥ֮УһµӿǰһĻԱ߲ס˽
ȷ첢ڣ
ǵģ󡭡үûеģңǸɾЩƤ󣬾Ͷ˵飬ͳǧȷС˿ο㿴Щȵǣ֪²ˡ
»е˼ˣСȻܵõ
Ӳס̾ͣشȺеĻԪ档
ɣͲ󣬾Ȼܺͷ湵ͨ˲򵥣ǿ
үˣСзŽһ䣬С£ʦˣεķɣһʦֺһʦܣ书ôɽҲСɣһ书ɽ͵ˡ
ߣҿǵĵôţղŲǻ˵СԴӲǸƤһô˵ҹѾ൱磬ͷӦûİɡʵȻɽеһʲôʱǺֵˮƽѾﵽ߶ˣ
Աߵͷֱð亹ƵƵͷǣǣүѵǣ϶ʧˣؼǰԣҲû˹עǣȷʵ֪ࡣ
ˣԺˣСɵ书ﵽʲô̶ȣӦܿ㲻˵ǸţҲ𣬾СɵĽɣ𣿡
ˣǶʮˣȺ棬ǲ֪ʲôʱ֣
˵˵ͷȥӰѻҪмǣһҪ˰бɣȻܺͷ湵ͨԱ̫Ҫˡ
ǣүġ
˵ͷȻԱ߻˻֣ΧһЩ˽Ⱥ濴ˡ

ԪǮȴһֱЩ
ԼѾ۲쵽ţЩ˻ȺˣҲ١
ȻԼʨӺԺֻҪЩҾۼԼǰƾʨӺһǻаյġ
ֻԼ̫һͻʧȥսˣʱҪһ˶ֲС
棬ɽ˺ģʩչʨӺ϶ǲˣܽЩ˾ۼһ𣬲һ˵ĵصԼһ
ȻǲʵģοЩ˶ۼԪΪϰʨӺãҲ޷в
ԪЩҪܶԸЩˡ
ȥԪüͷһ
кһյ˶Ｘ䣬Ԫ֮վ
ȺԪλ׸ϣƶɮ˵仰
ʱѾȽˣ˶ŶӣЩûǮʱûǮĶԶţΧ۷񼣡
ڻԪǰ֪潫ķɣǷǳ𾴵ģ˶ֹͣ
ǣµ÷ӣպ󻹽ϵչ񼣣ֵģһصġ
˸¶ϲɫʹûǮڹһܷ汣ӣôط˳ûİɡ
ϲԪǣƫƫ֣÷ε鷳ֵĵˣǴҵĵˣ룬𣬻߼ݣЩ֣ȾһǳɹˣûˣôҵǮҲûˣҲᱣˣ˵Ϊ𣿣
Ԫգܿ͵ǵķŭ֮顣
Ǹͷкܶĳ¹ªϰԻ˼ɽ¶УЩûӰ¶кܶţοǰʵʵڵء
Ȼƻ֮׵һУ̵ġ
ɲǼ䣬Ⱥ鼤ߣ
ɣ˵ɣĸ˸ӳıӵˣҴºͷ⣬Ϸһ
Ǹһӹ򹦵ƵԱ̾ͲˣҲԼһͣߣ첲ӵģ¶ƤɳڵСϸ첲ֻҪԪָ˭ȥͶԷƴƵġ
ЩǮ˶ˣЦ߸ոջ˴Ǯ˷汣ӣǱ߾УԲУ˭ҶһʯͷЩ˾ܲĹͷ
ܿ쳡ޱȵĻңǷ׷ѯʻԪ棬ʲô˸ŭȱݵǷصĸڲ塣
Ǳţ˱ЩԥȷʵһسӣǿͻȻֵΧ㵻棬ϵǣǾЩˣ¶Ƿŭ鰡
ȻƤҲɵʱŭҲط˵ȥ
ǶùˣͻȻЩ˹˵һЩҸһЩôǰԭƻС
ţﲻ˵ˣӲͷƤأû뵽ǸķͻȻŪôһ
˲ţ͸оãҲ˲úôˣȥֻվĻԪͻȻԼһָǣǷصţһȻҷȱǽѵ˼Ҳÿк
źѹѹȺţͷƤ飬ֽһ¾塣
ţվλÿ󣬶ЩƤҲǿ׳֮˵ܳĳȥġ
κ̫ˣЩϰ涼УȻԸåûʲô飬һһһҲܵġ
ţȺʱ˶Ҫˣ·һһعϣѪۣЬҲܶˣسţżжˣݻû¡
ʤǻȸԾţԪȴûΪô򵥵ؽˡ
ԼȺ·ǶԵģԼʵԺȺڻպյҲ㡣
Щ˳һǵһǣԺԼ鷳ѡҹǰò
˼УԪͻȻȺУһȺ˱һµӣֹӵȺײ
Ԫһݣˡһ˰


020 Ծ
Ԫ濴˵ͬʱǸҲ
ĿԪڿԼǣһ˿Ц⡣
Ԫа
˾Ǹ֣
֮ϣʵҲȷ֣ͨΪֺ֡
ΪڣڣںͺԲ
Ļָ֣㽫ĳһѧϰʲô̶ȣָ˵
Ϊϰ֮ˣûķ֣һսǻӣû
ָһѾܵУ˺쾳硣
ָһɾͣﵽھתȫĳ̶ȣʱʹκβλ֧¶ɾ޴ɱˡ
ָѾɢ⣬ظ̶ܵȣ˺ܶãע˫Ŀ˲ӣӶ䣬˻罫ע뱦֮ϣ֮ͻֽ
ԲָڹѾﵽСɾ磬ʱﵽ豹ľ硣
ֺͺ𣬾ѾͨζϢսΪǿΪ־ãͺűġ
ڣ̥Ϣ磬ڲͬҪʹԼڵγѭȫκζӵĻ¶ֻܲҪǲͣؾ޴ľܱ֤ݽߡ
ڣָѾأڹﵽ˴֮磬ӳȻֻҪгɶܳ٣ֻгأĳ٣˵ЩϹѾ˶ꡣ
ԲĽǰħ̽׷ѪħﵽԲһ˶սʮֻʤħ̷ͷһʱΣ֮󶡲Īڽ伣ˣ֪ô磬ȴҲû˴ﵽˡ
ûˣһϺףҲȭгɶѣܳΪ֡
ǲ˵ߵһսʤ͵ˣʽľҲռ˺ܴأ˵ΪһḶ́һߵˣսͨҲȽǿ
Ԫû೤ʱģʵҲڡ
ҪʵսԪҲһ߻ƷɺûڹˣֻԪ˵ʲô
ڳڻԪˣĿ磬һǵƣԪʶģ˵ҲһڵĴ֡
ڣȷʵܳΪˣֿɲ·ߵĴײˣģʹɽһɵİˣҲûá
Ԫеʱͻ룬Լȡڹؼ᲻һ¾ѧϰأﵽڻԲľأ
Ȼѧϰ⹦һ¾ȫգǻԪΪڹ²ô׵ģǱϾϵͳؼʲôһأԪһֱЩġ

˿ԼĿȻǻԪ濴⡣
ɣ
Լһ³ͷôͻİ˶Լʾأ
ѵҲǷͽ
ѵҲҵ
Ԫ˼ʱǸȴתˣһ˵Ļ£ȻԼǸСȥ
Ԫһ˵˼ˣҪл˵
˿ΧҺȺԪһյԼҲصڡ
ǰվңһĿбӡ
ԪҲûйǣֱȥԼķ䡣
Ǹ˶һϣԪվЦ²ŷˡ
Ԫ˸ףԽ˵ãƶɮʧԶӭʧˡ
Ǹ۾գһ£ʲôͣ²һоˣСмҲƶѣͶ֡
ԪЦЦҲãȨҲգصĶƶɮȴһģʩȻ֣ƶɮ£ݶҪڣǲѡ
¶ɫ˼һ£ŵɿʲôˣ
Ԫڽɨһ£ʩһƣƶɮûпԹ֮аɡ
Ŷ
˸ǾȣֱӣԻԪ
ԪִڵǷؾڣλƫƧƶɮҲʶ֮ˣʩĿƺ͵ǷвͬزǵǷ֮ˣ֪ƶɮ˵ÿɶԣ
˵˵ͷȷʵǵǷˡ
ԪͬʩǵǷˣôҲ֣ݸ֮ˣ㻹Ǻ֮ˡ
ҲȷʵΪݣȷʵǺˣǲ֪ôǹ֮أ
֮˺ͰȻͬƶɮţֱܷһ
ôʷɣĸŵ𣿡
˵ţ¶һ˿Ŀ⡣
ԪﰵЦϲͬɫ΢һ£ʩʣƶɮķ˼ƶɮ²⣬ôʩԾС
һΣı𺳵ˣ˲ɱ¶ضŻԪ档
Ԫ˿壬ֱԷӣĴȱΪƵᡣ
˻ԪΣջ̾˿ȷϴδɣҪɷɵˡ
Ԫ΢Цʹ
һǸ˲ƽԻԪȻɿҵݣôҲˣȷʵԾУֻʱ˵ȷʵҷµġ
Ԫûлش𣬽˼һλѣϸһŷ𣬲ҼŷĴڣ̶ѾﵽһԵĵز־ҪӵһзԵĶȴʲôзԣΪλ˼Ҽ߱˴ϱķǮһãķҲȥȴһ񡣡
һ£˼ƫƫҵֺТ˳һֱϸ׵Ը˵³˷񼣣Ƿʵ
ʩˡ
ˣҰзɵ飬ϣŪһзԵĶһλ˵Ը
˵꣬վŻԪʩһ
Ԫ漱æ˫ֺʮٴԷ£˵ҲѣȻŷҷ𣬾Ӧǰ£Գġ
ԪĻƺ¶Ϊ֮ɫи֮룬ϣ¿һзԵĶҾˣȥҲ˼ǰ
ѡ
ԪóԼȡľ㡣
ýãԪʩľƽһЩɡ
˵꣬Ԫľ㡣
ЩĽľ󣬴𾪵ƽȻ֪ر۾
Ԫ濴˿Է°ڴ¶һ˫ѥӵıԵ
һ˫ѥٴѥӡ


021 ɽХ
ãľֹͣˣ۾
ŻԪ濴ã˳̾ϢһԻԪٴʩ񣺡һգ´ȥ񣬶֣ǰ
Ԫ΢Цóһݸ˽ˣ˷ǾƶɮԿģʩɡ
ٴʩ񣺡Ϲܣлɡ
Ϲܡ
Ԫ΢΢һ֣˵
񲻵ңǳ͢Ҳ
Ԫһ֪ҲǽЩģйŴƵĹȽʢƣϿģȻŽʢʵѾ̫ܲƽݣ͢ƽֻǰ
ʡһڶʹڶʹ˽գʮܶطܳ͢ơ
оഫıֻʵ۵ó¼ϵһʱ޷ѡ
оԻԪǲŵģıԲᱻһŮԼģڶʹλϣ޴֮ˡ
ΪʲôԪҲģ˭ʵۺԼûϵԼĵǽ֮¡
֮ǻʵ۵顣
֮ԶԪûǸ
ֻЩʱ򣬽֮ҲеϵЩѾĳڻԪպΪĴҵҲǸ
Ϲܣ˵ǽڶʹµĵһͽսһһı죬Ǹʲôѧ书
ںϣϹǺܳġ
ϹܱΪԼţûԪһ£ǻԪȴ޷ӦЩʧ֮ҲԪĶɵˣ治һ㡣
ʵ֪ԪղϸϹ˭ء
Ϲʩһȥɣǰֱǡ
ɣϹܸˣɣвС
Ϲ˵꣬ϣתȥ

Ϲ뿪ˣԪ΢΢̾Ϣһ
˵ʵڵģԪ治͹ٸ˴򽻵־ӵģദ˻УദĲãպһԼһ¿ɾ̫˵θˡ
ϱӵĵӰĻǻսңвֵĽ治
ȻǰֺԼСûпɱԣǻԪ治ܲһ㡣
ϹԪҲǳΡ
Ӧ󣬿¶ԷưոݣȻʱͻȽύĺá
ʱԼҪⷽ⣬һ˵ٸҲԸｭɣЩʵĽɡ
ЩȥĽ˻ܶԿӣǸɱʲôľмңͷĹԱڽ֣֮Щ̰׼ʹʲôĳһҹҰˡ
Щͷģǽϻд֣Ѫ飬дɱĳĳĳȡ
ЩСģɴʲôûУҲˡ
ףûʵԼҲС
齱ǲţָͷԪ濪ʼʱ䡣
Լһˣһγ齱µĳ齱ڼӵһγ齱оµĳ齱
ϾҪ·ˣ齱ʱĩҲûʲôգһµʱڣԼ޽ɳġ
ԼģҲͯӹˡ
ԼⷢչҲڱеģѾһҹԺһĽι۷ġ
ĻᣬԼԿյˡ
յϣԪȱģվЩƷкõģպͽʲôġ
ԪɴóһŰֽ־òף䵹ҳһźֽ
ֽ̿ëԱߵİֽд£ŤŤü
Ԫֱֵдòëʻûɴൽ潫һս˽
һջ𾭣дǲģԪ˵д

һչȥе˴ҹڷϣԪ˳ȥ
ڶһ磬мǧǰ˸ո޽õǰȴһŰġ
Щʶֵ˾Ϳʼˡ
£λɽУ˵ҵ÷ӣ콵һ񣬱·һʦּԸն֮⣬Ըַ׼ҵӡ
ۣҪյˣ
˭ԱŮĿɲԣ
Ȼʮ꣬ǹƻ᲻ˣ
ȺһƬңλĵĲŵõᣬչ£ʮ£ʮӣ޼Ҿ켴ɣҪ彡Ʒжɷ飬֮ʦڷ𷨡ʦաȭÿμһΣÿ䳡ϰ䣬ߣɳΪʽӣѧϰѧ
ֻգл𣿡
ôᣬû췽ԴӲһӡû⹦ǸСӿһ󿴼èƵġ
ǲֹ֪
̫̰ˣǵ÷ӵıأܽȥҪոˣܽȥ˵ҹЩʦķС
ǵõϢоԼϸߣ˶Ժڱ
ڻԪѾ֧ӣμҲིˣõ¶ʱˡ
һıʹﵽһʮˡ
һ壬ͻѯʼͥϢһǿԣǸͨ˽һ𷨣Էǲܳסǲʺ֡
ԪǸһأǿԷƷС
ƷеķʽԪ׼ˣȡǰЩƸһЩСڵͭ尡߱ؾĸɾطƫƫŵʲôģԿԷԡ
ǿϧȻﵽһٶܹ࣬ǰصĲ࣬ǵһǸЩѧ䣬ȻŷĴڣԶдĥһץģһҡͷ
һȻûһԹصģûԪʧ
ϣ۵ļ˾ۼһ׼رš
ʱͻȻ洫һ޺
Ԫ뵽ԼĿǰؿұ죬ʨӺ
ʨӵĺиӾд͸ӵģһ޺
ɽԭش˵ûʨӣʢҲûʨӡ
ʨӣôֻһҰˣϻ
жϱɫæҵҪš
ŷ֮УԪ濴һֻ޴İͻɽϴܳѾʮףѾҪˡ
Ԫ浹һ˶֪ԼʨӺ𹦷򣬶ɽ֮ǷЧ
ЧãЧԼҪڣ


022 
ϻĳֺѵĽ٣Ҷû׼Ԫ档
ڻԪЩڰ޽̫ˣһɶߣǧأҲһҪƶС
ǹˣʵڲ̫㡣
Ա߻нţΪ̫ˣԲŽȫ򿪣ҲǴ󿪷֮ŵ˼
˭뵽ɽоȻϻޣ飬һҰǱȽϡˡ
ϻҲ̫һɣףͬСצ繳һ׶೤Ļβذڶݡ
ȻԪеʵսǸӣʹһһϣҲֻϻġ
Ψһİ취ǾţԪڼ˶ƴƶţֻϣϻҪϳ
֮䣬ƶޱȻ
ҺֻϻֻվûгûԪֿһ˿ϣ
ۿžҪرˣͻȻһֻץסҪرյš
ԪһһȣһպͻһȣץסһƵš
ȰСץס֮󣬺һ֮Ȼȫ޷ƶ
ֻһһֱĴ󿪣һռ˱˸
һ𾪣ǰվһ߳׵ľ޺
ݻԪĿ⣬󺺵ߺҦһƴˣԶҦ֮ϣ弫佡׳һɫƤ磬¶ֱۼһ֪̺ž޴
ֻϻ˵ģ
ԪͻȻ뵽㣬Ȼϻ˼ҵĳǾͺðˣû˵ϻˣԸһ˵ˣܱȶԸϻҪõöࡣ
֪ǰ֣кιɣ
Ԫû˵ʾһʻ
޺ûлش
һɻ䣬ͻȻһ
Ҵ󿪷֮ţоܾͽصأ
ݺ䣬̣ȻһεεŮ
ÿϻҲԹԵظ˴󣬺Ůӡ
ԱһŮüĿģһλİŮǰ
ţĴƿߵôӣɽռˣСôȥ
ŮݵģǸ󺺾ȻҲģϻ
С㣬߰ɣŻţҺüʱ
Ůһ£һְɴ;ͺ˸档
һӿŮǰ
лվſڣŮСһιǼô¶ûС𣿸Ͽÿ
һտ˿Ԫ棬ڵλǾҪˣλĻ㡭
סڣôôأС㣬ǵĸһһǮˣنµģдҧˡ
С䣬˵ԽԽûˡ
Ů˵Ůһ䡣
ô򵥵һ仰ԪڶﶼһĿĸо˵ħ
ȻûпŮӵòǻԪҲܿ϶ɴ棬ضһǵա
СŮһͷˡ
ŮתͷԪˣʵ֪λʦ棬зɣ
Ԫ治òͷˣվӷŮʩƶɮǱµķɡ
ŮƺЩȣΪɻһջ߻ǣû뵽ȻǰῡεĺУЩϡ
΢΢򸣣ɴʦǰСŮðˣκΰ͹࣬СŮϲ徲ֲ֪»ھ͹ţԲʱǰɴʦҪ֡
Ի֪߲֣ﲻصǸ
лɴʦôʣҿԽ𣿡
롣
ԪûоܾȻŮӴ͸أǻԪҲǺ汦ϴӦҪǿֻϻϡ
ŮҪţǸŮȴͻȻСȵȣţʹȽȥûʲôһʲôڣŵСͲˡ
С䣬˵ãôС𣿡
ŮȻ֣ǽȴûжȻҲͬŮ˵
ǲںԪǱ߼жЩɫѿ
һ󺺴ϻѲһȦʲôٶֱ֣
ǰ޺ϻƣжЩΨһԾԾԣҪֹ󺺴ϻ¡
ûȶԪͻȻվǰס˾޺ϻȥ·
ǸλŮʩ½ƶɮӭΪǲɹ֮أҪѲ֮ٵĻôλذɣ
ŮӺŮӶһûķɾȻţʹƣ֪һֻҪһԶϣȾˣɻеɫ
ûǸȴЦˡ
СУţǵ죬ƣȥơ
ţһԸֻϻͨһ㣬ŻԪ淢һŭ
Ա߼бĶĤ죬ɫ䡣
ϻХû䣬Ǳ߻ԪҲͻȻһ£ϣַ
һԪʹʨӺ𹦷ڵֻڵ֮ڱһ΢Ϣڵʣȫ߶ʨӺˡ
ɲǼ䣬˹Ǹţúһ֮£ȻЩͷĿѣЩ
ֻϻһ͵Ծһ£һٴοԪ֮УȻЩĪη塣
˼ά޷ԪһССη˾޴ģȻԼɽ֮Щ¡
ԪһǶţϻģԱ߲ͬǶȵŮӵûܵӰ죬޴ҲǶĤ죬
ļΪûܵûôǿңǱԪʵһ
ΣŮЩֱָŻԪ档
ԪȻĿǻܸܵԷɴ𺳵ģ԰Ů΢΢ʩ񣺡ŮʩƶɮȻΪɣҪȫڣ޹Ѳ鱾飬ˡƶɮ޷ܡ
ΪŮӻŭû뵽ŮҲٴζԻԪʩ񣺡ɴʦᣬز¶СŮӿˣڴʦϣʦԭСŮӵ³ç
ԪóǸŮӵĿֻǱϵģһΣĶԼһ˿𾴡
޷
СŮٴοʦСŮ½㡣
Ůʩɡ
ΰŮţֻϻȺ򣬺ŮС˾ֱڡ
һյ˶ؿԪ棬ɻȻһֽаϻˡ
񫣡ķɣӹĲ
ԴŮ֣ϻǾٶϣʵһָ߸ϵĸоüиоԼƺһǵģǻԪһԼһƾˣһһ˶һüĸоƽҲ̵ķĶϲ֮顣
Ԫȴ˰֣һнãȴ÷ϻطȥдʮľ
һݣ֪Լղʧ̬Ƿɵصи߰ķڷԪʩ񣬻طȥˡ
ǼȥԪſŮӡ


023 ߿
ν𣿿Ҳûʲô˲
ŮȻΡ𺳣ȴ˵ŲںĻ
С䣡̫ˣ
֮ǰŮһֱûĺǳС䣬һΣںĻԪ涼Ĳ
ԺǷǰ񼣣˵طĻ̫ʧˣɣҽȥˡ
Ů˦С֣һȥ
Сһվۿתȴ˵ʲô
Ԫ濴ǸСһۣﰵʹ죬ȻԼ֮ҲδжϣȴҲñ˶Լء
ԪڰŮǰ棬˷ǰ˷š
Ϊˣڷǳ谵Ԫȥ֮󣬵ڵһЩ͵ơ
һһ
ǰʱ򣬹ڷڵԱ棬˳ƴȴ󱯣ȿѣӵͽ
Ȼǰôʢǹ֪ȻǺܸߵġ
ֱ֣Ϊˮ֦ƿڶǧֹӹ
һ𣬾ˮ
ԪΪŮҪݹû뵽ŮӰ˼֮ȴûֱͣڶȥ
Ԫֻøǰڶ㣬˶͵ơ
鼪û뵽ŮҲǰ˼ݺ󣬼ǰ㡣
ӷԱ߻ж
дݣ֮¡
дЦڳЦЦ֮ˡ
ӷ棬Ҳ൱ߵġ
Ůӻǰ˼ݣȻǰĲ㡣
֮ȼƷ棬ҩʦ棬档
˲㣬ŮӶһһΰݣ˷ھŲ㡣
Ųһˣްӷ
Ԫһ·͵ƣû¶һ˿ɫ
ǸŮӿԪı֣棬᷽Ǻú͸ղɽŴʱˡ
ʵԪƣͺñȺķҵֻҪҷˣ˲ѪŮһ֪һǮĽһǮҲǲˡ
˼룬ֻǸŮӹ˷ǰ
Ȼ֮ǰҲˣβͬŮƿԼɴ
ǿ˻ԪһۣŮӵշͬСŮӵ˵֮Ϊұܡ
ԪȻɫĵȷʵԸӡ
֮ǰȻŮһǱϾֻҲûʲôֱ۵ĳŮƿɴȻһǵľɫ次
ͺЩСȣԵһ㣬ಿй֮
ǻԪϾˣŮӣûԪʧ̬ȴǲܵġ
΢΢ͷӦԪ˵ԶһЩ
Ůǰ壬ȻǺУǱϾӣԼòȻΪЩǵһ
Ůת𰸱ߵȼ֣µذݣȻ㣬˫ֺʮĿ΢գʲô
֮ھĵأֻķ͵ȼյ
Ԫ澲վһԣȴŮӽ
Ůӻˡ
Ů汣ӣ汣ҵտ֪Ѿˣǿţ˿ƣ֣ܿ࣬ҲΪļǶԵģǸλãҿûʲô壬Ѿǣôˡ
ŮӵĻԪУŮӻǸ֮ˣǰ˵һ׼ͥ
Ϊ񹦴֮ƾܺתС֮ԣʼаǰЩӼͷѾˣÿ£棬Ů£Ůô죿׺͸ΪҲ뿪ңҲϣһҸоİˡ
а
Ԫ氵⣬Ů˵˭أ
ǱߵŮƺѾ˸飬ھϻ䣬ݵļ鶯ţ˰
Ů£ûа취Ȱ˵ȥͬҸô죿ַ񼣣Ůָ㣬ǻָۣԽء
˵˵ţȻԽԽȻɴſϣһţﲻͣسġ
ԪվһߣЩ޴룬Ĺȥȴֶв㣬ǲĻôȥҲǸ취
룬ԪһҧŮߣȴûвһ˿ʨӺķеնն
Ȼֻһ˿˿žķڣҲؼһ¾ֹס˿
涵̧ͷ滨ؿŻԪ棺ɣ˵ʲô
ӷŮʩƶɮһԣ˵
ʱҲоԼʧ̬æվ˲۾ԪǽǱߵ¡
Ԫһ£߿֮࣬ĥѣŮʩ߿֮С
뷽ָΪ߿ࣿ
ָ̥֮֮࣬ڣխϢ˳˼ȡ֮࣬˥ߣս֮࣬ʹð֮࣬ϻϾ
ԪĻʵɣ˵úеֿأ
ԹᣬĴ漵ޣԹܵó˼
ͷǵģʾһĵĶߣŮܽˡ
󲻵ã֮£ʮ֮˾ţǹִţٳٲĸʣʹࡣ
Ԫ˵꣬ûпڣԼڵ󲻵á
ɫЩȻĵصʦ˵öԣŮܶطǹִˣǺܶ飬ŮҲɼ
Ԫ΢Ц
뷽ɴʦͽһɡ
һ֮֮࣬࣬ʹĪڰ룬ȥΪֿߣҲ˼֮࣬ҿ겻Ȼδ鰮˲֮࣬ȥعѾˡ
Ԫ˵꣬£ڿڣϴ
ŮһޣԪֲŪˣǰԼȻѡԼļһȴԼˡ
Լ˵˰죬ӦЩЧ
ȻһֹסӯӯԻԪʩһ񣺡Թᣬ󲻵ã룬ȻԣŮܽˣɣ涼˵ǿԺͷ湵ͨˣŮֻѯˣ̵ŮӦ
ԪʱЩͷԼһ𾭣ۻ˵һԼ˼ҵʵѣûա
˵ⱾǷĻôԼͷأ
ԪεؿǰڴľŮ֪οڡ


024 Ů
Ԫһ£εŮʩƶɮ
ͷɴԪ
⣬ǸСŮӻţæ˹´еʵС㣬û°ɣôȥôãûжôɣ
ֵشСһ£Ѿͷ˵ʲôеɮ
С仹Щصûм㣬ȻеҲ޵ˡ
ԪԱ߲ЩʧЦСѾͷֱڿ졣
ԪЦˣǲ˼Сٺ˵ͲˣԼȥɡ
ˣСڲˡ
㻹ţҪȥ̷һЩ顣
ٴС䣬ԪȥС֮ڡ
˽˻Ԫķ䣬ֱ¡
ŮʩƶɮҲк·ģֻҪţƶɮΪľ㣬ƽһ֮£ÿˡ
ԪٴóԼľ㣬ǳֵãڹؼʱó
ԻԪЩΪȻľʲôá
ǵľʱͲôˡ
ľ죬Ȼ󣬵ȴ糿ĺģ˵飬ϴ˵ꡣ
һɲǼ䣬ܶʱܹÿˣԼƺҲôԽȻû뵽취ȴнֻ֮ѰҾˡ
ʱĺܿ죬Ҳĺ֪˶ãԪľͣ
۾ɴԪ棬΢΢򸣣ɣҲ֪ģŮţһеɮһЩڵϺУֻŮ޲ߣ˵һЩֵȻû˵ʲô˼Ѿˣлָ㣬Ůéٿ֮С
Ԫ˰֣Ůʩˣƶɮûʲôܶʱȥ׷һĽʵȴȥԶ㻻һַʽ֡
֣
ǵģ֣ÿȥʲôһ˳Ȼɣо˶ŵʱͬʱҲĳΪһȴ£һ־硣
һٴζԻԪʩ񣺡лɣŮˡ
Ԫ溬Цͷ㶮ˣһûôأ˾ǺЧġ
Ϊﱾ£ԼŻѰϵļС
ԪΪɣݹ˵ϼģɵĻȻԼıľü£ΣΪҵ˽֮
֮ǷЧֻ֪ˡ
Ԫ˵Щǳжӣԥ˰ΣڵɣʵŮͨˣʱصߵģŵԼ׵ġ
ҲáԪ΢΢ͷõǮʱ˰ɡ
ȴڵɣŮ㣬ΣһǮģȻ࣬Ҳ㹻Ǽʹøʮˡ
Ԫ溬Цȴֿ˻ððʹøʮģҪǧɣóɡ
һתŮˡ
ΪΣԪѵһɡ
ɴʦȻͲ󣬵еɮŮȻǸŮңҲ֪Ǯʦ縡ƣ½ɽɽǰ㶼ȥۿһµģŮЩư֮ʦǲ˴ʦ龻
ԪһԲﰵпࣺˣˣСѾͷƶɮɸɮˣΪҲϲֱһɺԣƶɮڻǷ˼ǮׯǮûء
ñһһؿԪ滹治÷˵ԼҪǮأǸղǷù
ˣװ˰
ǱּŮϾǰͷɴʦôʱ䣬ⲻȥڷ£ȥﶼУ֪
Ůʩ뽲
ʱ򣬿ϵյӵĸʾ֪ɵǷŮӷҲ׼ҵӣУԵĻŮɽҸطס£ÿκϰʱ䣬֡
Ԫ漱æ˰֣У²Ůӣ棬ƻ
Ȼܾһɫһѵ飬ǻԪ滹û˿ԥ־ԲŮӣһȺഺУɶɷʢʱͻȻŪһŮӣֳʲôء
ԪܾҲǺܾȣϾ˵һŮȷʵв㡣
ǼɲӦʣŮǹⲻȥɵľȷʵŮ볤ǰ˼ǷֲŮӣǲˣţҵˣҲԴң֣һӣҲŮ־һˡ
ţǷŴϻľ޺
ǡ
Ԫ濴һۣ΢΢ЩԥԼЩСŮˣڹȻ¶ǻָԺ󣬴ŮһŮӡ
ľȻܾģδ̶ܾȣŮ˵ԼҪ֣֪ܳɹҪ˵ʵĿľΪţ֣ΪԼѾܾһΣͲپܾڶΣҲǺ̳ϳõ̸ֶΣοԼܾţͱҪкʵɡ
ΪʲôҪôأѵ˵Ϊ־һ
Ԫһ£зԣ󿪷֮ţţǸӣֹȻ޲ɣҲ뾭ǵĿС
ţ˲ģɾܿǡ
Ԫ΢΢ͷ
˵Щһ׮£ٴζԻԪʩȻǼȻˣŮҲûˣţɾܿ飬У뿪Ů͸ˡ
Ůʩߡ
ߣߵſڣվסˣͷԪʵŮһֱ棬ѵɾͲ֪ʵ𣿡
ԪЦЦŮʩˣΣؤΣҷƽȣݺ󣬵ƶɮȴһġ
ûм˵ת뿪ˣȻݣǻԪȴܸоõղһ˲䣬Цˡ
ΪʲôЦ֪ǸмԼΪһ׮£ҲǸﵽʲôĿġ
ԪоԷĶ⣬һ㣬Ԫ滹Щš
ôһԭ򣬻Ԫ治֪ԭʲôͬţΪԪ֪ԭţһͻƿڡ
ѵ£ʲôܲɣ
ԪкһȥԼϾǷɣӭЩ鶼ҪԼˡ
ԪڴڣС뿪ţ
֣
Ԫ³֣ǸС䣬϶书Ȼȷﵽʲô̶ȣվԲ͡
ȻѾҹλɽ֮УɽХɭɭĲ˵ҰޣŮӣθҹߣ
书еȨƵλ»ϻˣ
㲻ҲҲǡħŮ
Ԫصߣ˵һ䡣


025 ջ
ɽϣҹԵɭֲɽХСȹǷ
С㣬ΪʲôҪţ°ôܳ𣿻̳ҸɿС䲻ʵ
ѾȥɴҹҲУͷС㲻ţǱΪܸȡǸɵΣ̳Ҹỵ¡
˻ỵ£ΪʲôСǳ⡣
СǸˣɲ⡣ڷڣȥɴҲûһ˿ںҵݣ书ߵҲϿƺûʲô򣬵ɽǰһ𣬷ǷʨӺﵽ˼ߵĳ̶ȣȱ֮ʵΪֻǺУ׵ĶעˣҸȥһˣ˭ȥûõġ
ôţҲûð
ֻҪǸȷʵկɽϵĻţ֣οдƣѰҶı£ƿǱǿöˡ
СͷСܵʤСǧ
ƶˣҹˣǿЩ·ɡ
ͷһۺҹе£ȻС˫˫ԭԾ֮ϣŵ֦貨һ㣬ʧںҹ֮С

ԪЩ衣
Ԫ滹ǸоõȻĿģȴûʲô⡣
ֻԼĿڣֻСһЩˡ
ҹΪţ̫СھȻɲֻȥûȫõԷסһҹ
ֻϻûи뿪ǽɽ֮С
ڶ峿Ԫһյ˼׼ҵӣţҲǰŵ˱棬һܼ飬ϸԺ󣬲ܽ֡
ǰҲһңţվȺУ׶쳣ۡ
쿼ԵĲԹϢѾ˳ȥ棬ֻҪϸģڿǹ涼ֵĲ
˼еļ飬ͨ˾Ȼжʮ
ҲţлƷɺȻҲ֣ϣΪ׼ҵӡ
ͨĶʮˣܻԪĿ飬һͨԪƷеĿôͽʽΪ׼ҵӡ
Ԫ洩һµĻҲɮۣҲԼĿǰΨһɮۡ
Ԫƻˣ׼ҵϣ̿ʼֻװɮ۲ǻɫɫҪѿжѿΪбѾͺͷˣٴôᣬʵڲԼδֵһݡ
Ŀ˵ص㣬ڣԪһſڣƷм̨վ
ȵʮͨ˶󣬻Ԫһ˽ڰʱʼʱڣǿɻǲ뿪򣬾Χڣʱ֮ٵϡ
Щ˱ΪĲͨһض˵ɻʱ񾭶
˶Ǳ籾ģ໥֮ҲʶȺڵй䡣
ԪڴĬĬԼͯӹ
ڣԪڸεĵطһöͭ壬ƷɺԼߣලЩ˼ͭƷС
ƷɺѾǻԪڶ׼ҵˣֻ˵ˣƷ涼û˵ǵǷˣලá
˶ȥйˣΨţվ̨棬һһ޴ĺ㡣
ԪЩصţΪʲôȥأڻûʱ䡣
ҪﱣɡţĻش޴
ŶңѵΪûԱ𣿡Ԫʵ
ţ룺Щ£һҪ㣬С㽻顣
ԼţǰʩչһʨӺȻأһҲǾܲԼһģţʱֻϱɫһƺûʲô󰭣ǻԪţҲԲܡ
ֻ쳣ǿܿȥƺûʲô¡
뵽龰Ԫһǰ̽̽ӣſ죬ƺҪʲôһ
ȻţϱɫֲԽһ¶һ˿η֮ɫ
ţ츳ͽֲɱͲ֪ʲôԪվԼǰͻȻһɤӣȷʵηˡ
»Ԫ书ߣ״Ҳ£ǻԪֻǺһԼ񼤵ͷĿѣȻԼʱûδֶ֪Σ޷⣬Ȼͻηĸо
ţıûԪ⣬ϵ˼ƺǷţһƵġ
ǱţһȴҲԽŪԪĵϸ
֪ԪҲװǻƣ˴һ֮⣬Ԫûõóֵı¡
ܿ͵˰ʱˣڼƷɺĵΣԪ汨һЩ˷֮ͭ
ʱˣЩٴξۼһ𣬵ȴԪĿˡ
׼ҵӣѾˡ
Ԫĵһ仰ʯ쾪ڳ˶Ŀɿڴֻ¶ϲɫ
ɣûʼأôͽأ
ʡ
ԪӺվ˷̨ϣӸµؿˣǷţѡӣȿصһ˵ԣ֮ǰƶɮ˵ļ飬ǿ˵ԵģʱϢʱ䣬ʵǿ顣
ܶ˶׹ʲô˲ɫߺ죬ѹǳֵϼͭĺ£¶ɰŵˡ
ȻԪ˵ˣƶɮһһٶʮͭ壬ЩˣϢ֮УԻߺһֹͭ壬ǵı֣ȴ̫һ
˵ŻԪóһ˵֣ͨģֻˡ
˵ţԪ֣Ʒɺ衢ͨţͨСӣͨ
Ժ󣬻ԪʰһƷ£ʧǮһżǮʵǽ˼࣬ƣĪΪͭС£ԶСΪ֮СΪƽ飬ƽ꣬Ǻú˼һ£Իؼȥɡ
Щûбֵ޻˵Ľ񵽵ͭȻһһԻԪʩɽȥˡ
ʣĸˣԪʽΪֵ׼ҵӣһƶɮȥʦֵˡ
Ʒɺڶĵӣʱɷصǵվ
СһʮСлӣͷģǱСӡ
Ԫ⿴˿Сӣʵ־ͽС𣿡
ɣСգСʱ򣬸ĸͲˣҪģû˸֣ҶСӡ
Ԫ˵ͷΪؤʰܺãƶɮվΪ׼֣ͽղӰɡ
ղ˵Լ֣ӯ¾ͶԻԪͷлɴʦˣлɴʦ
ղӣջӣ
Ԫתͷϲɫƾղӿ˼ͷ֮׼ǰɽ
ڤϺеķĹ˵ǼʦʵҲǼڤϺһˡ
ҪǰȥͻȻţҲ
ɣҲ׼ҵӣͷУ


026 ڶʹ
ţҪȣղҲҲϣȳΪʽӡ
Ԫܾ˶˵飬ȻʱʽӲͬ׼ҵӣҪѡȻʲǻд۲졣
ԪһյˣԼƷɺˣһ˺ɽ
º֮䣬һƬյأǻԪԤ׼Ϊ֮õģڤϺеķĹҲطֻδʯ
˰ڣݾߵʦ档
Ԫǰ棬ڤϺеķĹ㡣
ȻԼǴԽʿڤûм棬ԼϾ̳һļ䣬Ժ֮УڤҲӡ̡
Լɱͯӹǰڤ͡
ǻԪ沢ڤҲǰͽУϣһһɾͣͯӹȻȽϿˣֻҪ֮ͯԺʤ¼й
㣬Ԫʽ׼ҵӡ
ʽӲͬ׼ҵûָʦϰʦʱһΣѧʦһա̵
˽֣Ȼ׼ҵӣҲ£ڵʱһҪʦ޷գȻǷԺǶ׼ҵӽɻȽϿɣֻҪǲںȾƳ⣬˼ɣʱ򣬲ԼһҪǣֽδִɣҲ棬ۺ£֮£
ɽ̻壡
ӿͷʽΪ׼ҵӡ
Ԫֶһյպ󣬲ٴɫɫɮۡ
ɣɮҪʲôһմ󾪣һֱôġ
ɮۣɫ϶ҪһˣʽҲãƶɮˣԺ׼ҵӣһȡۣϺɫװҲɮʽЩ°ںȵȶȡҪжҪ
һյͷҲԣϾ׼ҵӣشĺһ
ǻҲ쿪ʼڵļˣ˱ŵӣҲʽţ֮⣬ȫϰɫɮۣΪףһǾװһ۷һҪõģʽҲ΢ĶɽϻȥϣȻûطִ壬Ϊͳһ׺·ղ
һ㶣ɣҪǮ
˵׬Ǯǻкüǧ𣿡
Ƿɣ㻹
Ԫ˰֣޷ǮȰðɡ
ԱһԼƷɺ˶ϲɫȻ·ʲôⲻ󣬵˭ϣƯһأװʵ̫ˣֻһջԣʵڿɶ񣬼˿һնûʲôɫ
˵УһշԼ֪оȻߵ˴ҵĶ棬ﰵԼ޴ô׬ǮôǮǷɵ飬ԼŲʲôأ·ҲԼһݡ
ôˣ׼ҵȸȥѧϰ𷨣ѧ𷨻Ҫһȥѧϰȭһȥɹ
ԪֳˣҲûж飬ÿһЩ׼Ϊ׼ҵӣÿЩ飬༸˶ˣԼÿȡһ»㱨Ǯˡ
֮һԪͯӹ
һջ۵Ḷ́ܿ˵ġ
ΪԼջ׵ΰԪ㹻ĶģϾͯӹǱزٵһܻ֮ףԪӲ͵

Ӿôȥˣת֮䣬Ѿµס
Ԫʱ䣬Լٴγ齱ˡ
ʱԼͯӹһܴĽڵѾ𽥵ļһȫתԼǽ˺ˡ
йһ죬ȻҹͿʼ齱ģڰʱ֣ͻȻ棬˵ɽһȺˣ˵Ҫɡ
Ԫɻ˳ȥǰ
ſһʮˣڲɽϻվĶУ¼һ֧ӡ
ǰվһĽǰЩȥϹֻˡ
Ϲܵߣһ׷ߣ˿ȥʮҵͣǸо佡˫Ŀ񣬿Ԫ֮ųɡ
ԪſڣϹȶԻԪʩ񣺡ɴʦһ²ɺð
ӷϹʩɣƶɮο
Ԫ浥Ϊ񣬺Ϲܺһ䡣
ϹܺٺһЦͷߵλҸַɣһʦеɮΨһԺͷ湵ͨˡ
λ´˻Ԫ漸ۣЦһᣬжУĳһοҪһˡ
λ̬ȣԪ֣Լӣ˭ΪԼʲôеɮġ
ϹܿǼʶԪģæ߽͵Ȼһ䷽һЩȷʵ汾£һľ㣬ˡ
ҲãҲˣҲ޷
ЩûӦһ䡣
ϹܲЩΣȴҶԹ˵ʲôֻԪɣǽڶʹ˵ĸף¹ٽ֮¶Ǿʹӽڶʹˣֻ񡭡㿴
ӷϹʩ׻˵ҩҽԵˣҿλʩƺ֣ȻˣԵǻذɣ
Ԫɫƽһ˿ȴֱӾܾˡ
㲻Ʋ𣬲Ϊ˲ǺãĻȥɣ²źˡ
Ԫ滰һ䣬λɫ˲䣬ֱֱضŻԪ棺СУ֪㽫Ϊ仰ʲôĴ𣿡
ԪҲֱӻλڶԷȻɱ·Ӷ˸ףλƶɮ֪
֪Ҿ͸㣬һӾҹĳˣ븲֣ǶǷ֮飬ˡ
ͷвĻԪȻһЦɴǰƶɮǳˣĴԿգ̻壬֪һжãĵҺΣ
Ԫ˹ͷﷴ¶͵ɫϻǶݺݵصСУ㵱治
кλкξ壬ԻҲ˭ƶɮһ߳Ƥңܻùƽƶɮ¡
˵꣬Ԫɴ۾һģ
۾ҪΪԷЩˣҲרһԷͻȻ֣ԼǸôлܡ
ƫƫôһŪùͷӡΪĹۡ
᷽ɣееͬһ㡣
ǹͷۡ
ȻͷݣղȷʵһͽֻΪԪᣬų̽ġ
ڿԪ˱֣ͷЦǰԻԪʩ񣺡Ī֣ϷֻǺ㿪ЦϷθҵ﷽湵ͨأǷ˴
ԪʱҲ΢΢۾ͷʩ治ң
治ҡιͷ˵ޱϡ
Ǻãһ˯
˵Ԫվת߽ڣһķԸˣϹܺ͹ͷ档
ͷϹܶôѽڶʹˣ


027 
Ϲܺλ֮ʱͻȻִˡ
ŵһϹΪԪֻתˣæʵһ䷽ǽȥˣ
һݳȥһ̺ӣϹܵǷ˵ˣɽҹ˼ͲСˣһ̺
Ϲεؽӹ̺ӣ֪ôźá
ʱù̺ӣһʹʦˣʦл⣬Ϸ⽫һҹɡ
ôУǻɽȥҼҿջɣɽ١ԱϹܼæȰ衣
ضԣѾĪ˵һʮհգϷҲǵȵġ
˵Ժͷɴཫ̺ϣȻϹܵ˰ֵЩϽȥɣ徻أЩõǹʲôϽߣϽߡ
Ϲɵ㶵վ֪ǷߣϾڶʹ˸ԼԼġ
ϹǻûߣͷŭˣʲôҪϷָǲ𣿡
ʶͷˣϹܼæˣһӾɽȥˡ
ǲ뿪ģֻǾͽפҲ
ߵʱϹҲЩͷв˼ҿʱװģĲȥ˼Ҹˣﲻˡ
Ϲܴž뿪ˣһֹš
ͷͿſڣ̺˯

ʦ֣ˣô֪ͷأһŵԪ
ȻֻҪģͿ϶
ԪЩŷڽ̵֪֮һЩϵͽǧأݾߵһ߾Ǵ꣬Ѿ˵˼ά룬ͷϹ˵ΪѰһط϶ҲǸϵģһС˼
һԪ濴óͷһ书һҲ
Ҳ˵ӸԵı֣ԷʱΪȻΪƭӡ
㲻ʱΪ汾£ȴͰ͵ƨҩһ˦˦
˵ϣ˵зԪǰѧʱѧѧЩ˵̬յķǳλԲнôһ
ͷݣб£ʱʹŰǲɱɱ磬ҲԼЩ˵¶
ϣûκ˿ԲԼ¶ǻԪĴ㡣
˵ͷѾԹԵ˯ſˣԪҲһ뿪󣬿ʱѾϵ賿Գ齱ˡ

ʱ䵽ʮ㣬ϵͳеٴ𣺡³齱Ƿ齱
齱
Ϥͼٴγ֣ʮͼ
书ؼֱ÷׮һָһέɽצֺС๦
ɽƣɽŽ¥Τӵ͵ýͲؾ
飬վܾ䱾
ĵҲܸߣʮӣһԪ
̷ֱȣģۣǣ̨һָ
ֱаӣ磬һյɫ͵ƣһ̨Ʒֹ󽱡
Ԫתתû̿ʼȡ
һλԪרойɣ㲻ԣʹ󽱵ľԶ
ϴι󣬻ԪרŽһι׼һεĳ齱ء
һԼǴӴʼģ䵽˶沿֣ʮĸͼ
йɵģôһΣԼӦѡ񡭡Ԫ濴ֿоȷԼӦô䱾￪ʼ
йɣһɵģô￪ʼп䵽֮ϡ
Ȼжϲһ׼ȷԪ濴˿󽱵ΧԱҵĶ̫ãʮӣһ磬һ飬Ψһľһ÷׮
жʧܣڴңôܿһεĳȡȡһõĶ
齱ĻἫΪ󣬻Ԫ治˷κһΣҺõĿǰΪֹԼ㲻һֱûȡƷ
濴˿ȷû˴ţԪغԼķš
صϣҵ䱾ĵطٴȷ󣬻Ԫ濪ʼù㿪ʼת
һʼʱ򣬹תٶȹ죬ԪҲûй۲죬ĬĬصȴһȵٶʱ򣬲ſʼע⡣
ٶȽٴ߹䱾ʱٶѾˣƵǸʱ򣬿϶ǻֹͣġ
ȻѾ齱üˣÿʱ򣬻ԪﶼޱȵĽš
һΣԼǧ㣬׼һδ󽱵ģɹˣƷ֣ʲôԼкܴİ
ҸΪҪģԼ֤ϵͳȷʵйɿѰҡ
ŹٶԽԽ𽥵ǸʼƶԪоԼĶᵽɤһ죬ľܴˡ
أһǰԽԽ߲岽
岽Ʒֹ󽱣Ԫסȭͷͷ󺹡
УУҪͣ
ۿֻˣѾʼǰԪ֮£ɴ۾ٹۿ˽졣
д󽱣ǻϵͳʾģ۵ٴתҲûгУͻʾγ齱ԻԪ漴ʹҲ֪
žһ죬ǹǰһ
ֹͣӦǳȡ÷׮˰ɣԪţ÷׮ҲԣһŻʵá
ôƣֻܳȡһŲԪĸʡ
žһ죬ڻԪĶֻͬһ֮ңˡ
ֹͣôֻܳȡʮӣ˵ĽˣڵĻԪѾôȱǮˣķڱ˽ӽǧˣҲΪԼ׬ȡһӣȥֻһʮڻԪ濴ȷʵǼߡ
ڻԪһƬУִһ죡
һûԪϲڹӦͣ˴󽱵λϡ
ǻԪ滹ǲۣΨٴδһ죬ĻԼξͳ׺ʹԵˡ
ȭͷ죬Ԫо˼ʱļѣڹɿת
ˣԪ˷ܵ۾
Ȼͼ֮ɿѡ񣬶ԭĹ㣬ѾȵվƷֹ󽱵λϡ
йɣȻйɣˣˣķˣ
ΪһʱĲķģһϲȻûиҺڣǻԪɣ̲סڴ㵸
ȷģôһΣһΣ´Σܳȡٴ󽱰


028 
һ󽱹˳ȥ
Ȼ˵Ԫȡ˴󽱣ǲһܵõöһ޶Ҳ
ȡʱйɿѭǴ󽱹;ԲܿˣԶģȫΡ
ת˼Ȧ֮󣬵һͣ
Ԫϸһüͷһ壬ʲô
Ȼһͣ˰ͼ治ˡ
µĵһƷһƥ
ûȻԪȥоƥĺûڶֳ˳ȥ
ת˴Լ߰Ȧ֮󣬹ʧͣɽŽ档
ƷԪǺģԼˣҲˣҲҪС
ɽźŲͬɽָɽľ޴¥һƷĶ߽ɽţǽɽʯ̨ˣʽֵؽ硣
˷֮ȥת
˳
õɽŽԪ̬˺ܶ࣬ʣĸֶˣõõòõҲûϵˡ
ֲں̬£һ㾹Ȼͣһέɽ档
һέɽԪ֪ģһṦؼ˵Ħʦ·ʱûڽһ«έ«έֱӶɹ˳
˽ĦʦṦо˳Ҳȷʵһέɽĳ̶ȣṦôģʦ֮һέɽĳ̶ȡ
õⱾؼڻԪ̫ˡ
ṦҲǺһֵҪ׼ʹԷûкõṦĻҲöûа취
Ṧڹ֮ʹãҪĿǰĻԪ˵Ϊʵõġ
õһṦؼڻԪʵûбʵһһĺá
ȡƷµĳ齱ͽˡ
齱ԪûȡƷΪ⽱Ʒ棬һƥģһҲǲý͡
÷ͣܲǷ͵İɣĻһҲ̫ˡ
棬棬ûܿõԪȡ˽Ʒ
ؼͽƶСɣֱպãͱȽˡ
һ˵ߺıȽϸߴ󣬿ƥǸ࣬վԭأȻͻԪһװ˵ĲߣͨףΨ㴦һȦɫƤë쳣񿥡
ֺ̾ԪߣͷĦŻԪգϵͳֻϻԪˡ
һëԪ沢ûȥﶼ֪϶һƥǧԡ
ԪվڷſڣͷһᣬԹԵſվá
ųȡؼͽƣԪֻԼķ䡣
ͼסһȷʵЩ㣬ȻԷҲܿסˣԪ滹ӵԼרŵķᡣ
飬صڹغţԪȡһέɽṦؼ
һέɽϸߵṦˣ⽭ҲŵˣԪû뵽Ūôõؼ֮ϲˡ
ĴؼͼٵؽԪԺԺѧϰ
ԼСʱʧˣԪҲȫ־Ṧ
һέɽŵڣֻҪһ֮˿һֱ״̬Ҫ
ûԪھͬĦʦһһ«έͶɹġ
ΪзˣȻԦ«έԪ涼ˣڼԦ«έͬʱ˾ͳΧˡ
ﵽһ̶ȣôԪҲһέɽ׳
ѧϰһέɽ֮ⱾؼͱͨؼԪ潫ʱ㴫ڳȥ
һͷûСɣڸⱾµṦؼҲ̰ã˵ĻҲԣ˻ûôﵽûԪȫεĳ̶ȡ
ֵļɮ֮УֻһѧĲϣ˶ǿϣԪҲϰ䣬֮УкжҪרֻɮϰ͹ˡ
ѧؼԪֿ˿ɽŽơ
뵽ڻסŵͷԪͻȻһͷ
ͷݵλ书ƺܸߣǷͽĿģϣõһ̷»Ԫķ̷ֻһľ㣬ʵǲø
ǿͷӣĻ²װݡ
ȥԪӦûһ˼·ɽŽһܺõ
Ԫٴ뿪˷䣬ֱŴ
ţͻȻǸͷվ⣬档
ŶûϢ𣿡Ԫʵ
ǻԪͷæɴʦ˳ӭҪϢˡ
šԪ˵ͷ˯֮ٴμ˷档
ĺͷ湵ͨˣͷһֿȵֱֱضŻԪ档
ǵģƶɮ׾湵ͨǷûֹ񼣣ƶɮΪԼĻþûиҶκ𣬵ǰЩӷң˵¶񼣣֮ͳƶɮȷȷʵкͷ湵ͨ
ǡǷ˵ʲôˣͷ
Ԫǰһң˵ٴչ񼣣һɽš
ڻԪĻͷЩŽɵģԪ˵ϻҪչ񼣣ǲܴţģΪһţܿ챻ͷ۾ٴ¶ȵĹâͰ͵ظŻԪ棬`ɴʦʮˣûм񼣣зԵĶûԸܵõһ͸Ʒϣɿϵķݶϣȥһ۷񼣰ɡ
Ԫͷһ۹ͷʩ񼣣ڽʱհ
ҡҲ˰Ҳͽ
֮ڣȴˣȻˣض˵ˣǲһȥġ
УһҪšû뵽ʮͷʱȻһķˣ˵ʲôҪŻԪ档
ԪЩεؿʩһҪƶɮֻ˦ˣ׳ҵĽŲġ
û뵽ͷһƲ죺ɣȻǸɮ˦ߺߣڣϵؽ磬˵Ĳˡ
ܸϣɣ
Ԫ˵꣬ͻȻڿն䵽·ּ֮ϡ
һʹṦԪҲޱΪ罫һέɽȫѧᣬϸȻѶȡ
ԪṦ˹ͷʱ󾪣ҲӻԪ֣Ҳ䵽֮ϣ飬ͻԪȶ˲ֹһΡ
ԪҲ˫ſҰͶ֣ɿԶȥ
ǰӼһ𣬵һʩչṦԪҲǷǳ˷ܵģɳ۳ҵĸо˷ܵ뻶¼ӿ죬ܿͽͷԶԶ˦˺档


029 ӹɽ
ͷںԽԽľ᷽ɵṦδǿһЩ
żһң˾һԾȥʮԶɮշ裬ɽּ䰿ӥ
Լ书ܲѾﵽ˺Բľ磬ٽһ֣ǿܿɵˣȻṦ棬ԼǺǿôҲ벻Ȼȥʮķɡ
̥Ϳʼܵʲô̶ȣô
𾪹𾪣ͷǷ׷ϣΪģۿһ۷񼣽ٵḶ́ԼҲˡ
ͽϣûۼ֤񼣵£ҲỳɣԼǷʵڡ
ͷǸϵķͽҲû񼣣ûҵһзԵķеʱżҲỳɷǷĴڡ
֤ԼɻĻᣬܴˡ
۵ѪҲҪ׷
ͷƴ׷ϣһ·ԪӰɽŴ
ɽŴɽ·ǻԪ޽ʯ̨ס
޽̨׵ʱ򣬻Ԫ⽫ɽĿ޽һƬյأѾԤɽڣɽһˣԪûͬ⣬ΪãԼܳȡɽŽƵģ޽ˡ
޽Ķͳȡĸָ
ڷԪѾһЩߣۼҼΪ̣Լø䳢Դǽ棬Ȼûʹ̫ǾȻҳû
ɽŸҪãȻ쵹˿ɾͳЦˡ
Ԫ浽˿յشͷͷһСڵ㣬Ŭ߸ϡ
ǻԪĿģùͷ񼣣ǲԼóġ
Źͷ𽥽ӽԪó˽ƣȷʹá
һɽŵӰʼڿγɣʵ
ԪԼһߣ˫ֺʮׯϵϷ·ڹ񼣽١
Ǳ߹ͷڸˣʻԪʲôʱ񼣣ͻȻڿԽԽʵɽӰ󾪣ʩչṦضˣֱӾôӰյˤ˸ͷҲ˲ˡ
ɽһ޴ƷȫǺ̶ɣʯķ컨ͼз񣬻ڵĳ档
ƷĴɷ裬ǵõ鷨Ҳдֺֻơ
Ʒһһ
дɽηǷ޹Ұ
дɲ֪ɫ౾ǿա
ƷԽԽʵ𽥵ȫȶһ⻪γɽš
Ǳ߻Ԫ۾ſаһݣȻ˵˾䣺ͷ棬пճ
ϧ仰˵ˣǱ߹ͷƷӶˡ
ƷǰͷͻȻһ񼣰ڿˣ
˵Ժ󣬹ͷڵأͷﲻͣŰӷΪЩֲˡ
ԪôԱ߿š
˺һͷ̧ͷƷĶ
ɽηǷ޹Ұɲ֪ɫ౾ǿգɲǿա
ͻȻͷĿһϵصϣˣɫ౾ǿգһжãЦ໹ΪϣЩһֱں쳾дʱˣΪɮţԶ̷ǰ쳾£޹ϸˡ
˵Ժ󣬹ͷתԪ棬˫ֺʮɣӹɽ£Ϊȣ𣬹ɽ¾ֵˡ
ϻԪȴ˰֣Ѹߣʺ֣Ѿ㻹ȥɡ
˵Ժ󣬻Ԫתɽߡ
֣ôףȻҾ룬̫׵ģҲ֪ϧ
Ԫţºͣ
Ǳ߹ɽ¼ˣۼ֤񼣽£ΪǷԼĴ̶˺üΣҪֳңû뵽Ȼɾܾˣǹɽܽܵġ
Ͻ첽׷ȥɽ¸ڻԪƨɺ棬Ҳûа㵱߰ɫЦɣҰɣʹˣһ书Ѿﵽ˺Բ磬оԪò˶þܽˣҿֻҪ׼ҵӣҲҪ˽书ɣ㿴࡭
Ҳܽ𣿡Ԫķһ䡣
ȻȻ񹦣˫ɽ½һƨȻֵǷɺεݣȥЩëͷСӣС£ȫԴΪ
ԼȻɽֵο༴ʹˣҲǶӹյĵôҲǸڶʹԺʲôٸ˲۵ģȻ򷢡
ԪﰵЦʵĻǵùɽ¿ɽų֣þ⡣
ɽǸͷˣҲƻ׼Ҽͥһ书бּ˲ţοۿ񼣣ҳϷû⡣
ǻԪ滹ó̶ȲоǲУƶɮҪȥˣ߰ɡ
˵Ժ󣬻Ԫٴڿնֱŷȥ
ַˣɽϷٴͬƨһĸȥ
λԪû̫죬ùɽ¾ܸϣһǰһ£ԪԺߡ
ɽں׷ͨһǰɣ࡭ӣӾ͹
Ԫͷεص㱾޷Եκǿ󣿡
ɣӾãǰûзԵڲͬˣǿԺͷ湵ͨˣڷ߸棬ۼ֤񼣽٣ѾзԵˣķԵ¼䷽ɷԵһӾڶˣ˵ûзԵ
벻ͷŪһԪ治ȻʧЦǻҡҡͷ߽ڡ
ɻͬ⣬Ǳ߹ɽͻȻ뻳ȻͳһѶ̵
ҪʲôԪؿŶԷ̺֮ʨӺɲǼ˹ֱӳɽ¡
ɽڹ񣬵ǻǾ÷ɵһԼЩѣΣԻԪӿ͸η塣
ǻҪ˵ɽµɣӲҪԷɲҪ
˵Ժ󣬹ɽ̵ˢˢļȻԼͷȥ书ٶҲ죬ܿģɽ¾ͳһͷ
ɣѾ־ֳң͹ɽŴɳȫ
˵ԺҪͷ
̶ȣԪҲˣæһ¹ɽ£̾Ǻο࣬ˣˣʱס£ƶɮ۲һʱգҷš
Ӷлɣɽ¼ӯ˻Ԫƴͷ
ͷԺ󣬹ɽЦվƨƨߵظڻԪߣԪҪ£æߵߵ˹ȥΪԪƿš
Ԫɫ糣ţƺһжȻģһʱ


030 Ҳ
ɽӣԪҲЩ˼
Ͼһ˼ˣԼƭϵļ֣ҶԼ˹ԼҲЩж
ˣԲԸҸΪʽӰɡ
ʱԷѾ׵ͨ˯ˣһʮķ䣬ĻҪһЩԺһЩݵɮھס
ղӺţȻ׼ҵӣֱס¡
ղǽлӣ޼ҿɹ飬ţҲǳûĵطȥ
Ԫר˰˸׼ҵӣֻǲÿ춼ɽϡ
Ԫ룬˹ɽһķ䣬Ͼôǽڶʹ˵ĸףһΪ֣ܺͨһԴ
Ԫ˾٣ùɽ¸м㡣
ʵڹɽµУԪһ൱̬Ĵڡ
ԼôǺԲĸˣʡ֮ڶж֣᷽ɣɽ²֪һɽһɽߡ
ɵʶڣǰʱԼвں
ڶԼʶṦƼߣƽṦܳĲʮˡ
ԼһԼԲ𶯣ɼⷽɵز¶
ɽ¹ƣǴȱΪһ㲻Ը̫¶ԼʵԵ·ӦԸİɡ
ΪҪһ㣬ǷɾȻԺͷ湵ͨǵøղ񼣽ʱ򣬷ɺ˵һߺûʲô
ҵ죡ͷ
ɽþ޷ƽԼûͷӲģȻܿԼ֣ܱɽѵһ٣ûȤ
ԼӢధ¹ͷһ׹ڴʯĳķˣԼˣɽţֻҪԼúñ֣ôԼʽΪֵӵʱѾԶˡ
ڣԪ߹ɽµϢصȥΪڻ
ɽ¿ǸȥҲûлȥϢǸ˻Ԫ䱸ؿΧɣҹˣұ㡣
ԪȻʧЦɽͷȤ뿴񼣻˵˵ҪԼ
ԪҲûǰ棬һ
һ׹ٴ˳Ԫ
ٶȺܿ죬ɽҹûôֻо׹Ҳûһ±ĵ˻Ԫǰе˵Ϯ·ɣ
û뵽ȻһԾ𣬴ӹɽͷֱ˹ȥ
ʱɽ²ſһƥΪˣ׼ֹԪں浭ҵ
̺ʨӺĹɽһݣæס֡
˻ԪߣȵĲŻԪļ
ԪİԼѰҸڰɣҪʱȻġ
Сӣ뿪ˣ뿪ʱ򣬾޴ۻ˹ɽһۡ
ɽɵˣβŻعԻԪɣƥȻһۣ
ҲǷҵģһˡ
ɽ¾þޱ𾪣Լѡ̫ˣ£˼һأɣӽˡ

ڶ峿𴲳ԷһŰɫɮ۵ϺУŻ׵ĺӣһվիǰ档
һɽµˣЩ죬ǲûж໰һ³Է
Էڼ䣬Ԫ˵λµʦ֣šţͽһɡ
ɽÿӵһתͷԻԪ˸ףм֮ɫ
Ϊ֪ڻлͻⶼǱµģǲûбɴһֱ֮УֻзɣһպһһֱģֶԼһɼɶԼĺ񰮡
һһ͹ɽ¼񣬴ӴԺ󣬹ɽ¾ͽһˡ
֮󣬻ԪֵԺһҲΣΣһ书һԺҲһһϰ䡣
ŻԪֽһ䣺ǵһʦѾҪ쾳ˡ
˴󾪣һ¶ϲһգȭѾϰСɾ磬ɶԶˣԼ书һƿȻõͷؼҲһŻ򣬲Ǹѧ
û˴Ҳһʹ飬ͻȻһӽĳ֣Ȼϲ
ţղҲܸˣ׷׶һ
ղҪС˰ۣ˴ܣҲһЩ书ӣ˵书׵ġ
ţһԪҲ֣һţȷʵЩΪһˣΪţȻѧرֵͨĻһԶԶţ֡
ںˣ˹ɽڣŶһĴٽá
˳극˻Ԫ֮⣬˶ȥΡ
ڵεصѡڷһ㣬պԪȡ۱֮ٻط
ۿεʱ䣬ɽµ׼ҵ½ǰһˣһ١
ȥһշֻƷɺ軹û
ƽʱƷɺܵˣٵôˣ
һ뷢ʵʱͻȻƷɺ˽
Ժ󣬻Ʒɺֱʵأأ
ԪȥͯӹƷɺʣ˻ɺ裬£
ƷɺƽһϢԻԪɣˣҲˣ
һˣҲ񼣣
ʱԴֳ֮ɽķͽӵܶ˾¶ɽߣȴ¿Ժǰհ񼣡
׼ҵӣǽǵĿһ߷塣
ֵʢ͵ɽһԺµ˥ܡ
ʱڣµԺӶץȸˣһ쵽һˣȫȥ
Ʒɺ˵˷ڳ񼣣ϸԺ˵ǷҲ콵£ƾճһ۱׼³ٿᣬף񼣽١
ΪԲŻƷɺˡ
Ϣ
Ԫû˵ʣµǼٵģϲܻһԼһˣý׸Ƿӡ
϶ʱڣµĸģȻһƣ׼Լ־ˡ
˷ϺǸŵӣԻ֣Ԫ
ãǾɣһôȥԸǣȴ˳Ȼͨٵ£ǳɹˣƶɮͷ
Ԫϲɫﰵƶżƻ


031 ı
ŷ³񼣣²Щĸ
Щ׼ҵǣѡ֣Ҫһǿֳ񼣣ǵ÷ӵıء
ûг֮ǰֻһĬĬŵСɰˣûж֪
²һµķշǸڵĸ֣˵ڣʹסʦҲҪˡ
»ʮУ֮ǰµСɽУֻѹһͷֵõˡ
ֻΪ񼣲ųģҽǰƽضľ޴ɽţǼᶨǵġ
ڷͻȻҲðˣһЩ˱뷨
Щ˵ı飬Ԫ涼һһûɫھ³Ѿֻ߰ˣʱһз
˼׼ҵ⣬ʣĶ˶ɫᶨոŵĹɽ¶ɣʲô񼣣ΪǴײеģֵҲƽֵ֮⣬ȫǼٵģƨķ£Ϸ򡭡ƶɮȥѰһзԵĶǸϺóһöңҪϷǷµķϣͲǸˣ
˵תͷԪ棺ɣֻҪһ£ȥ£Ǹһѻոɾҿ˭Ѱ𣡡
ԪҡҡͷһĪ³çƶɮҲ֪ǸǼٵģҲãҲһᡣ
᣿ʲô᣿ɣǳˣʱǻܰҪҿõǰȥ
˵ˣ֪ơ
ԪִһȻֵ˵˵ɣ㶼ʲô书Դڱµӵģ
ɽɣǿıõ廢ŵ׵޴רɱõģܲʺֵѧϰ
𣿡
УоǹҲ͵ȾͲһ㣬ṦΪṦܺˣһɵı£Ӳ֪Լˡ
ҵṦΪһέɽԪҲһԼھҪһָĪĸоԼպѧʲô£ǻϡ档
Լһܺͷ湵ͨͷʲôҲ֡
һέɽҵ죡
˲ʶɽ¿ʶģȻ֪һέɽһżṦˣ֮ܺһέɽᲢ۵Ṧû
һέɽиôǾǴңŹģǴĦʦ
ǰԼ⣬ڲͬˣԼֵӣ˷棬ⷽɾͻṦԼѧʵ̫ϧˡ
ɽڴɫԪ룬ɴཫһέɽؼ˳ݸ˹ɽµУȴƶɮ֮⣬ձƫͣǰһέɽóҲû˻ᣬڼȻˣǾʹɣϣպΪңúñǹͬ֡
ɽļĽⱾؼ˫ֶڲͨһ͹һлɴպ󶨵ΪָͿء
ԪҲ̹ȻĴһʱ䣬ͷ͹ԼЩϰˡ
ţȻͺúɣмǣպΪɶʦȥ书ʦţ
ӽǣ
ɣԺ󲻱ԳƵӣǶһֱģԺһֱģҷʦּɡ
ԪҲɴиԼʽΪʦ֣ʣļһǶʦ֣һһĩβ
һջı粵䣬µֲͬյˣһԾŶܼԼҲûõģûȤ
һۿ˷ɵ߹һʦҲˣӵҲûɶΨһίľֻԼˣӴʦֱʦ֣û׼Ժ½ȴҲֻưͳԻпˡ
ҺһҲԷúܣеСί΢Ҳ͹ȥˣҲûȥ
˶ûˣԪֶЩ׼ҵӵ֮䣬ͰŵȺ˳λƷɺΪʦ֣ţʦ֣ղʦ֣мǣ֮ͬ䣬Ͻ໥ϽĶǣƶɮ֣һʦţȥ书´ߣĺƶɮҲҪ
ǣɽ̻壡
׼ҵشֻм˵ĻﲻôļǼ¶֮ɫˡ
ˣȥΰɣƷɺ裬ȥľ飬Ժ׼ٳٵ
ǣɡ
Ʒɺ费ͷɥĵͷȻı粵վûҡ
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ǰԪȻѧҵѧϰôãȻëʲ̫ϰߣǺôһˣñʵļҲգܿؾͻ˼ͼ
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ԪԶԶغһһ¡
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ϰȥһˣ˰⼸ͼֽ񡣡
ɽºؽӹͼֽһ¶֮ɫԷɵɣǣ
ԪڹɽµĶߵ˼䣬ɽϲ¶ֵЦݣɣߣһɺˡ
ȥɣмǲɶ𡣡
ɽµͷǣܻЦ񼣽ٶûôĹ
ɽˣԪŷ顣
ʵһʢɵĻǰ˵ʱͬе£е£е£ÿ¶УطвͬĹء
¶³˾ᣬ񼣵ͷ϶ܻһεġ
ԪѾ˶ԸµķʱȥǵģԼǲʲôʱҲһᡣ
ڼ䣬ԺԽƣǰһЩǮĽʮϰĸǮǧĶС
Щûʲô񼣣ԼУԺǼҳ㷹ƣܻ𣬻ԪͿȥײǽˡ
ȥҪĶ治٣ĿǰĽ̫ˣȻɽţիúԷҲһԺӡ
ҪһЩС
ķ̷ҲǼȱоǾҲǼȱ
һ㣬ԱҲԶԶԼ̫ɮˣ֪һԺĸӦܽµͨɮڣɮֻǱԺƽʱõǵĻᲢࡣ
ȻպȶˣԼҪµһɣǸʱɮ͹ֳˡ
£ҲԼҪһЩͨɮˣȡհһᣬǷǮׯǮС˼ˡ


032 ɽ
ԪֵԺߣѾˣǰֵͻǱ׼ҵӵ˶˲١
վˣ˵飬һѷȥ⼸죬Ǳʢܶ˶ǼֵĴ۱
³ˣǷµˣԪһҲڴ
⼸֮ڣ飬ԪԺ滹һֱתһͷǾǺɽλ
ţԺһֱʵֵĴţʲôǻԪע⵽ֻϻƣȴĶںɽѰʲô
Ԫоͻ룬ǲǺɽǸˣʲôأ
ԴӵõһέɽṦؼ󣬻ԪΪԼȻսǲУѾ߱һ졣
ʱ򣬻ԪȥɽڿֻϻںɽԪͷ͸ӵǿˡ
ԪԸԹԺֵ˻ȥ˯ˣԪԴӺųȥɽȥ
߹СǰһƬʯγһСշ壬ʵɽߴ
ԪûʩչṦǻɽߣΪ֪Ǹ˵ľλãԴĹ۲졣
Ƭɽ˵󲻴˵ССҲ﷽Բ˴Լʱ󣬻ԪΧɽһȦûзκζ
ʲôطأ
ԪʩչһʨӺ𣬵ֲ뾪ˣȥͻȻɽ֮ߵʯ
ʩչṦֱɽԪ´
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ϻڻĲ֮УǰԪ濴ǰһ޴ʯﾪ棬ʯȥʲôأ
ϻǿʯֻʮԶʱͻȻٶȣֱʯȥƺʯʲôζһ
㻹
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ڣתȫʵҲԴֻСʵãǵ˺ԺͺܿˣһӣȫԽһͨУһ֮ˡ
ֻĺܴ󣬺Ҳòˡ
ʹǺڣҲ˵ĳ̶ȣһԲĸֶ
Īɽһֲɣ
ǻԪԶҲǱ߾ô£룬ɴһᣬȥ
СɽԪǿʯ߽
˻ĲݴУƺз紵
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˵Ǹضܾܿʯˡ
뵽ղϻһɣԪҲ㷲סʯ
µķоԽԽԼӦǿ˵ض
һͺͺʯ֮⣬ǽһ׸ߵĻĲˣģ޷İء
ʯԽԽԪ澹Ȼظܵһ˿
ûʳǡ㣬ĺҩ㣡
ҩƵʱ򣬶ǿɬģһƳˣɵҩôͻζɢԽǺõĵҩζԽŨ
ԪͻȻˣΪʲôϻĵԭǱζˣܶ࣬Ȼܷˡ
еҩˣ˵ߣܿʲôԪ֪͵ĿǴɻ飬Էһֵ£ԼóȻǰȥΣա
ǻԪͲһСˣ׻˵ж󵨣жжţож򡭡ޣ
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ڻԪµǿ㣬Լͷˣͷɣǹ룬̽ͷȷȫ
ضһԪ治д󾪣Щгû뵽ض棬Ǳж졣
ضСһԲΣԼʮɵֱΧһȦ滨ݣģԪв֡
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ʣԪҲ֪ЩҩܲȻϻ͵ԡ
ֻǻԪ治ǰһǸ߱޴ĵ¯ϣƶãҲʮɳضΧڻǿԻģҲ˵ʮֱĵضǸƳʮңɽ֮ڣܵĵط
ԪϢع۲ʱǸͻȻ˵һ䣺͵Ϸҩ
˵ԺͷҲûأֱýµһƺ«һߣ«ķֱԪ
ٶ죬ԪӦʱ䶼ûУֱӾͱ«ţ
顱һ죬Ԫ汻˸Ǹƺ«ȻҲûѣǷ˻ȥ䵽˻ԪǰԼ״
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ǾṦԪɽߵƷ͵ˣڻԪȻը죬ó
û뵽ԪṦﵽ˳̶ȣվǲһؿŻԪ˵ضӰ١


033 
ץһƺ«Ԫһĳ˺ɽ
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ɽڵǸ߿ΪԼֻϻΪý߳ĺ«Դߴϻû뵽Լͷ֮ϣû˵ԼԼ˳ǣĽ«ˡ
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ǵĵڶҩжΪССˣ˸Ч۱ˣƣҼʹ˵˳ˣҲй̱Ԫá
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һżȻĻµõģˣȥɡ
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ıԪСպãţɽ滹мʮ«СĻǿɾǼǧöˣһѵĽҩҲá
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ֻڻԪǲҶʹ͹ɽһǰȥҲǺɽǸߵĶֻ֣պͼ֮
СպãԪ濪ʼڷҶΪѾһЩ飬ڤϺȷʵйʦʲô飬һŸԪ棬պ򿪿ģֻʱǻԪ洩Խʱ򣬷ˡ
﷭˺һƾģļ䣬Ԫڴ½Ƿŷ˳
涼ˣþöû˶ӦڤϺд÷ġ
ԪţϸĶ
Ҳǹʱ䳤ˣ滹ЩʪԪóţȴżϵּѾģˡ
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о˰޹ԪƵĽ
ʦҪԼʲôأ


034 ɱ
Ԫõһ«С׬һˣٴλڰûǵض߿϶СŵˣȥþͱһأԪΪ߶֣ɴʱŵһߡ
Լзϵͳպʵˣָɮڣ¹ʮͭ޺󣬴Сɽ˺壬ͷжܴ
֮֮ڣԪ㲻Լ棬ȫȫͯӹ
ԼڵĹֶκڹķǶ̰壬ڹķԼеʹ齱ʱ򹥻ؼôܳڹķÿһڹؼеʱ򻹲ҳ鵽ĻС
һԪãʹԼڹķҲδؾͬ书һһ¾ѧ㡣
ΪͯӹԼϵͳҪԼͯӹɣͯӹôɹģȡڹķɣԼܿ޵ˡ
ԻԪŲϧķʱ侫δȻץһʱͯӹ
һֱ˵ϣԪžߡ

¹ˮʯ̾͵ĵϣһ㵭ԡ
Ԫ޳Ӱ¹˳ĵӰ
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ϱӸոսŮѣ磬ǻԪеź
ڻһ£ǰΣԪеʱֲξʵ
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Ԫ룬ͷһԺа
Ȼּܿ˳࣬춡
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˭ѵǽڶʹ˲ɣЩЦԾٵĻмһˡ
룬صʾ˼䣬ȻתţȻǽڶʹˣǽڶʹ˵ķˣʥϵŮ£˴λؾʥ󷵻غϣЩëʶģϽڶʹˣҲ»ܿһȻ֮
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οЩб֪˵ݣʱ򻹲跨԰ݣһҲܲˡ
СӣôŻңʲôģҽñү
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ԪԶԶؿţ֪ûֻ֣ԼӻɥҰˡ


035 꼰
ǵĽӽЩҲ׷ǹ־ؿΧ
Ǹо־壬־˾ͻѰܿģЩ£һγһСѣ׵˺ΧĹ̡
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ͷȷʵӥҪһЩʤ̵ͣ죬ɱӥռϷ硣
ͷ˵ӥǸոսڣҲʱ䲻ǺܳȻռ˱֮һʱҲòӥ
ӥȻ·磬ǷػǺȽģ촽һԲм֮żҲĻ
ʱò£ͷЩżһż׷
Ȼ书ӥ֮ϣȴһЩǷ̰ðĴ
£ӥ˹ȥö̵ӥĲӣΪ̫֣ܶٴαȥûüջء
Ǳӥ¶׶ֵĶ̵ʹһָ·һͷؿڡ
һ죬ͷĺ±һӣ¶һͼĻľ
㻤ľС
ٺһЦ֪̫ˣȥɣ
ӥһδ˶֣Էץסᣬ͵
ӥæδܶһѪ졣
ͷҪȡʤЩһӵϣʣЩʿҵ
ӥȥ͵Ծ֮ϣһնƥӣý͵һβƥܾһ´˳ȥ
ӥһʧĳƥĺ棬ȻôȺ
һ̣룬ǶûüֹۿӥһִųȻ˳ȥĿ·ߵɭ֡
һɭ֣׷ѶȽ࣬ͷźڣںε׷ȥȻӥ˳ȥҲͻΧȥʮףһˣͷ쿴ܲ
Ԫ㶵ؿţôŴţԼˣ
ۿЩ˳˹ԼܹȻܵǿ϶ᱻ˿˼ҵܣҲһ飬Ԫ治
ļ֮ĴԼڵĵطһּյأԱ߾һʯ
˿ʯֿ˿ߵİԪһİĴԴҪƶɮһϷˡ


036 Ϸ
ӥųȷʵܲ죬οϻˣԺ󣬾ȻһСİˣͬһصˤ˵ϡ
ǰŵĲֱ࣬ӱ˼׷ˡ
ͷ֣Цһ׼ӥͳ֣ͻȻԱ߲ԶĵطȻˣ
һ¿ǳԾСЩҲ˲ϼӥתͷǸˡ
һУͲ󣬳üĿĵͦÿϹ飬źڰ׶ɫɮۣһʯ֮ϣɫȱһࡣ
Ϊ飬ǰȻһƥһƥ쳣񿥸ߴİ
Уڶ԰˵
ͷüͷһ壬к񲻼򵥵ӣ۷ʲôԼ񶼱ɣȻȥʱûġ
һιǺУҹģʲôϿҹȥ
Ԫüëû̧һ£ظͷڵ㱾Ϻת֮ϲļңα䣬ƶɮߣֻί㡣
еĻͷ켸Цз˰ɣȻһƥȻĴ˵㣬ǺôҲ߰ɡ
ûЦǱߵİȻҡͷ޴ƺ̺ˮ
ԪҲ΢΢ҡͷ֪ҵĻǲ뿪͵ͷ°ɡ
ҲһĻˣϢؿţǷ档
ӥͳҲʱ飬ؿš
˵Ŀ֮£ᶨصͷû˿ԥ
Ԫ̾һǺοգ㣬㸸ǷѰ㣿д£Ͷɡ
Ķ¶˼£Ǳ˿Ķε
ⲻİɣ
ͷԽؾй죬ѡԼɲ棬黹Ҫ죬ֻٴοڵǺУҿһѱ޵ģװŪĸʲôأٲ㣡
ͷ˵ЩҲߺȣһʱĴ󣬵ȴûӽ͸ĺС
Ǳӥͳɫ䣬ѾͶ·ͻȻһĺУǿһ˿ϣϾôխĴڣǺԲĸҲռ˰ɡ
ǵܴ󣬻ԪͷƽɨһۣͻȻڵиλʩĪ
һţˣڻԪ濪ڵķ֦ˣͷЩ䡣
Ҳãڣƺ̺ǿͷ춼оЩͷĿѣվȡ
Աߵ߸ֱӱڵأ˵
мһ֣֪ûУ˼ֶûԼ߾͵߸ʣҲǶᣬͬһ㣬еĸɴ౧ŴҶˡ
ͷҲȶһ²վȣĿ¶ؿС
ϻԪֻǺһ£Ȼת˻ȥ԰ЩȻڲѷ֮ҰȣҲؼ֣Ҳĵġ
߻Ԫ˵ţǱ߰þ޴۵Щˣƺǳ˵ӡ
Ԫָëһֻǰ㣬ڵϻ
ԪԺ֮вͣؽ̵ҪıȥʲôطͣǱϻ¶֣صɫܹעŪʲô
ĪдֲɣЩҿҲŲӿһĻѾѱ޵ķΧ
һ򣬼ŤŤĴֳ˵ϡ
Ԫ濴ɫ֣صصȻ֮壬ƶɮǳˣȻɱ練ƣҪҲܴӦﲻ
˵Ժ󣬻ԪվתȥƺЩ˵ӡ
Щײ߹ۿͷһڿˮԻԪλʦдʲôѽ
ԼɣԪͷɫЩѿ
ͷڼ£˹ȥͷȥϵ֡
Ժ󣬼ɫ԰ףһƨ˵ϣȫǰһС
ˣӥͳҲ̲ס˹ȥһ֮£ҲǴ󾪡
ŤŤд֣
ӻģȻܺÿҲǿܱϣѾ㹻𾪵ڳļˡ
ѱܽ͵ˣȻ֮塣
һСѾųˣŻԪʦʦǸɮƥҿûðС˻ȥء
һͷкܶģǿƥɱǣǸûз֮ܶܵĵ˭ܹ¾ǽ˵еİ׷ѪħҲаɣ
ʵǿҿǳȱӣҪҲֻܾˡ
ԪаЦָӰдһǼ񡱵Ļˣκ̫࣬ʻҲ̫࣬Щô֣ȷʵ㹻ˡ
ΪѵصƶɮҲûգϾƶɮȻЩֶΣȴֻԸ߰ˣðɣƶɮԣˣôɱɱ顣
˵ţԪ˰ߣŹǣ𣿡
ԱҲŵؿš
ϰӣڵд£дһ֡
ǶҪˣֲҴֻϣؿŻԪ棬Ҵ
ԪҡҡͷǺο࣬һ鷲ˣֵһʶ
ҡͷ޴¶ɱصЩˡ
Ԫ泤̾һˣˣˣǱ֤ɢȥ໥ɱΥҵǵļǾˣֻҪӦˣƶɮҵˡ
ԪĻƺ˼˺һصصͷ
ЩڳһЦݡ
ԪǰǸͷǣŶԣǡ
˵ָָºӥ𼴿ɢȥԺɱΥȡܾǡ
˶ӦΨͷ컹Щԥ
ȻҲˣϾģôȥԽ
Ԫ濴һۣλʩƺЩǣǸһ룬뿪
Щ㿴ңҿ㣬Լͬתȥ
ٴοͷ죬Ԫʩԩԩ౨ʱˣȻֻ¼Ҫǰǰǵȥˡ
ͷҧҧҪ˵ȻߣǱߵĳȴͻȻˣʦʢƵĳԪͼı죬ıɣҸ
ӥɫһ䣬ˣȻ˲֪ôѹס
ȻԪͷ˳һۣ˸ţиΪƣΪԶ룬Ϊ񣬻δԶ룬ƶֻһ֮䣬λʩȻƶɮԲΪǺȥɣ˺ˡ
˵Ժ󣬻Ԫһͷؿ¶㻤ľȻͻȻڿնһңһԾʮɣҹӥȥ
ƥҲǳХһһ׹ų˳ȥԪµʱ䵽ϣһһգ֮ʧҹĻ֮С


037 Ϧȡ
ԪûٻȥӥͳԼ޹أԼһҲΪЩסԼ
ҳǸͷֺԼҲ뿴ǲȥΪ
ЩɱЩͷǸĻľǵҵĶô˵Ǹͷ죬пһʿ
ɽУΨһصɾˣͷеˣµλͣϾڵĸ֣Ǹˣʹɵƽ̰ˣҲûܽԲ
ԼҪ׼Ը£̫ͻ
ʱ䣬ѾҹʱļʱҹʱˣԪϵͳʱ䣬ʮһࡣ
ص֣ðԼȥԪص˷䡣
ôһڣղʩչһʨӺ𣬻ԪҲЩƣˣ˴ϣܿĽ硣
˯֮ʱԪʲôϵͳʾ֮û

Ϧţ֯Ůӻӣ˼ЩŮܶҲѡϦԼΪǵİһɫʡ
нŮϲ
ͷʲôıȽУһʵӣһõóֵĹƽʱ࣬ھ;䣬ٴһ˿ϢǾǽŮǵ
ǰ˵ǻˣ˧硣
ɽɽ£ɽƼվɽԲ׵顣
ǾϦ峿ɽûɢȥʱһµĸɽ£̧ͷŸƵկɽ壬ǹһ˿Ц⡣
կɽһǰҺԼɽ߷Ӧþˣ˵ɽһ£ҾͲﾭˣֱںɽʱǰɽ϶ҪµģͻȻѾˣһû£ҵṦΪ壬ҲգҾлٺ١
¶һ˿Ц漴ֵڳһӣһ˦½󣬴ɽȥ
ļ򵥣ɾûôˡ
ɽɽͲʺʵǣȻԪ浱ҲΧǽˣʹǾṦ֣ǱҪҲԲߵġ
ο¸Ȼ಻Ṧȷʵ㲻öôʼʱ򣬻ǣ֮͵ĵطԾΪӣǵɽĵطɽƸվֻˡ
ȥҲûʲôɽľ飬֪ʡѡ򵥵ķʽ׷Чʣһζϳ壬嵽֮ĵط۵ͷʹ޷ȶֿԡ
ΨͷǸЦòʱǰĶԼ³ߣճ֮ʱɽߴ¾ճѾԶˣòӲͦż泦Ӷˣǵֿԣʵʵɽá

翪ţһɨѣɽǰɨأԶԶؿһŮּɽ·
Ůһɫ£毺ãҲˮģ˫һֶ֪Ů
˻ǰŮӵΪЩ⣺ʦǰ㡣
ȻŮʩհ񼣵ģɣҪڵȴһҪɲܿҹͶ٣ڻδ𴲡
ҲãҲù䡣Ů˵ͷȻ֡
ȻŮ̬ȲǺܺãǻҲϰ𷨶ĺˣȻƽϣЦЦɨˡ
µ»ûʲôùģԺڳΧǽһЩԵľ⣬ֻԶڵˡ
ЩիãԷǸʱСͿš
Ůţ˵
֮ûеԱ߹ۿ´ֲûעԼͻȻ٣ֺȥºܿ죬Щġ
˺棬ŮһԾǿǿ׸ߵΧǽ
ǽ뿪ˣ󣬾ǻԪԤֿյˡ
Ůһ·ܣܿߡ
ﲨԣɫҴѾܿɽߴˡ
Ůӷ˽Ųʼҹ״ɽȥ
һΣŮͻȻһϲɽϣȻһӰ
ôڶ崦ģ϶Լ˼ĺˣŮڼҲӿ˼֣ɽȥ

Ԫоˬҹƣһɨա
ϴ˰ԪƺǵҹϵͳйʲôԼʵ̫ƣˣûѡ
뵽Ԫ漱æ鿴
ϵͳڵʾǿԱģԪٴβ鿴ʱϵͳ
ϦһγȡᣬǷȡ
ȡʮӣǷȡ
ȡʱ䵽δȡϵͳʼԶȡ
¥ƣϦȡ
ϵͳʾûԪʶԼһ
ԭϦܼӳȡģϧԼ֪ô׵Ĵˡ
ҿϵͳԶȡܣȻĻԼɿˡ
Ȼ¥㲻ʲô̫õƷҲֱزٵġ
ΣҪӵģҲˣÿõĶ
ԼУԪ¥Ǳ־һֵɽµİҲ֪ʱ䡣
ӵҪãʱҲһ
¥ƣԪ沢ûʹãǾϺɽߡ
Ȼȥ͵ҩԪûǸ£ֻ߶ѡ
ǵɽϣվߴʱͻȻ꣬ꡱһھҵشϢš
Ԫɻ󣬴ɽͷ¿һһԼԼʮ⣬Ȼһڵ꣬һѺ˸ıñɽĸ䣬ʯͷƴƺʱеȥĿܡ
Ԫ氵Գ棬ʲô˶У˳ʲôĿɽأ͵Ϯ𣿿ôо̫񰡣ӱ˵͵Ϯˣû˾Ļһˡ
͵ϮˣѵǵɽߣװҲ̫ª˰ɣǰѽȻܲ嵽ʯ֮УǱϾǵɽĶѽ
һԪԼܼȣڵӷλʩʲô
ǸһЩȥȶ̧ͷһֻȻһУ¾µĺˣæУҸӰѱүȥͣ
ԪЦЦƶɮһģܲʩȸ֪ʲôģȻȴҪңƶɮΣ
תתҾϲɽϲսޣвģշУұ˵׷㶮𣿡
ԪһЦշУ˵úã־¾ɣа߶ʮʩѾôԶͲʮɾ룬ǲҪһĺãƶɮھ֧ʩΰսġ
˵Ժ󣬻ԪɴôһߣСӸҺĴۣ㻹˵㡣


038 Ե
Ҳ֪ôˣճ֮ǰǷģ̫Ҫʱ򣬾Ȼˣƣ׼סգֹţ֯Ůĺ±˷֡
ɽ紵Ǹڿв
ûˣɽɽִ󣬺ܿҪֲסˡ
ͷǸɶĺУֻʵʵ˵ˣʦ˵ģԼˣЩȥɡ
ˣ
Ԫ֪ˣһ֯Ҫںʡڡ
˵ʵǿһЩɣӵ˵룬ɽɣ˵һԱ
ϵͳԪͯӹɣֳΪһɣ
ΪֵһɣҪľǳΪϵһɡ
Ϊϵһ֮ǰҪΪɽһɡ
ǺϵһɽһԪ涼һ޷رܵ⣬Ҫˡ
ŵķɽɣɽȻҲɽɽϵǲ壬ɽǺϵһɣԪǵɽ֮ң
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Ȼȷǿ֮ܶ࣬Уֻλεɣڻ޼ǰһ
ԣ˵Ļʹߣǽڶʹգ׼췴ļȷ档
ʡ֮УͲʽĽˣΪǹյĵ̣вŻôһ
췴췴Ԫ治ܣڵǣںϳͷ˾ǰʯסԼ·ˣ
罭ԣ˵ĻʹǹյĻô˵Ϣɽ֪Ӧò١
飬ǲ̫ͨɽµģΪģôԼ˾ǹɽµĶӡ
˽ˣֻ취
µСеģԪͶ˼
룬Աߵٳһ׼ȥСͻȻԶһŮ˵磡㡭ôҵˣ
Ԫ͵ػͷֻһŮվ۾溬ᣬԼıӰ
ʱԪˣСӿ϶ȿȣϦأܵԼºɽԼˡ
ǸŮԪͷڳһ¾ֹͣˣ㡭㲻磿
ܽã
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Ůæ˹ȥɽϵĸ꣬󾪵磬ô˭ɽµģǲУھ㱨𣡡
˵ԺŮγ˫ȻתԻԪɱ˹
߾ԪͻȻһͬը죬ĻŮһЩ
˵ŮʵҲһ㣬Ǻڸ֣ͲױԪסˣŮסˣ㶵ʵô
Ԫ滹ûȽͣǸ΢ʦŹܽã֪֮ǰ̬ȲãҪɱҪ㣬ܽãһù
ԪʱЩƣأһΪҰеĴɽ£һΪҪŮĲ죬ƶɮڱ˲
Ȼ˸ɮ·ԪͲͬһ˼ˡ
ԼȻ£ԪŮʩƶɮΪǾҪ
ŮʱоԼᣬпȥӣɽ£Լ¾͸Ƕˡ
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Ԫһֵÿ֡
ŮЩķһЩʱ䣬Լ
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껹ЩԼˣ壬޿ֵģӲĿ²УֻԼİԻԪ죬֪ʦǣ
ƶɮַһ䡣
ɣǸ˵Ժͷ湵ͨˣ쾪ȵؿŻԪ棬ŵı顣
˵Ǵ˵δţ˵Ǹ˵УƶɮҲǸ˵ˡ
˵ͷȻҲǲǰĺܺͷ湵ͨ
Ȼôмֹ֮ȻҲ֪бµˣʼǿԪСŲµģǲˡ
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Ԫ٩һ䣬ҲЩ죬ڵʦ˵ЦˣʱֻСӵĺɱ档
СܽʱˣԼɽģ;ȥˣԲŪϲ²µĵز
лԪߣŪĺͽлӲ࣬ȻҲ޷ͻСܽˣ˷¡
ȥ֮󣬻Ԫ潫һ׼ҵӴĺɫװ졣
·ʽɮôѿҪ񼸷֡
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ƲƲ죺ǿɲǣĵλܸߣҵˣ˵ˡ
˵ˣԪҲûжʣѾõԼҪش𰸡
ҲǸϺףȻҪǾͺðˡ
ҪԪǮԪҲûҪ֮׼ͻСܽ뿪
ԪͣԺڵʱ򣬿ӿ֣쾪صŶȻֻһǲ
ԪȻϦֻ񼣽٣Щʩհ񼣵ġ
ʵԪȲ֪ܳȡ¥֪ȻϦȡ£ЩҲǶȽϵģǰЩӣѾ˺ܶࡣ
񼣣ͻСܽǲŵؿŻԪ档
ԪЦЦûлش𣬶ǾֱǰȥԼѡõĽ¥ĵط
ͻСܽ໥һۣӶԷп˼


039 黨
֣ԪǷ׷ʩ
ԪҲǰǰһƬյأǻԪƻ޽¥ĵط
ԪѾˣǰչʾһ񼣣һͷͻʧģҪϣҲûܿʲô
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ȳ棬Ҳʶ˿Ҫʲô飬׷Χ£˹ҲͻСܽվȺ֮С
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Ԫ汾˵Ϊ˵ˣͻȻûмĸֻʲôʱָ˹˾ǷԤʾҪˡ
ӢǷңﲻǺθɣ
Ԫ濴һһۣϴ·סķᣬԵĲˣǲǱǰöˣҪǮҿÿα˭ԵĶࡣ
һڨڨĲ˵ˣȷʵڵˮƽֱ˲ܳ⣬ʲôˣʱŪͷĢˣԼʱ䶼˲١
ۿԽ漰ʵһվɵıȽϿס
ӣԪҲˣͻСܽǰڵλʩ꼴Եƶɮ£ͲԶˡ
˵ԺԪתߡ
㶵ؿ˿ͻȻ첽׷ڻԪɴʦԭĿԺͷ湵̫ͨ˲ˣ㲻ɰɡ
Ԫҡͷƶɮֻҷ𣬲֪Ϊ
ðˣɣҾط롭һʱա
ͷβľԽ͵飬֣ͺԼķɲǿҵĺĺͺøУǳ֮УҪִ졣
ϻԪȴҡҡͷʩ㲻ʺϴ֡
ΪʲôЩ⡣
Ԫ濴ԶԶĻСܽһۣµ黨ǽ᲻ģǻȥúӦ°ɣҿó֮ˣУֻҪзﶼһġ
뷴˵Լû֮ģֻǺ棬ǻߣȴͻȻ˵ˣΪãĻ˵˵ԺԼڵġ
Īͬ˵Լ֮˲ɣ첻ȷ
ˣԪ氵ЦһǻǴȥɣȥѰĶģʱҲͺˡ
ЩãȻĸŻСܽˣߵԺŵʱͻȻͷɴʦԺ϶ᾭġ
ӷ𣡡ԪԶԶһš
컹ҪԻԪ񣬵ԱߵĻСܽȴЩˣԼ磬ôһбȶԼء
Ů˵ıҲƵĳ¡
첻ԸˣԪú⣬̣ʵģԼѾѿġ
黨δؾͲܽ
Ԫ沢һΪɮƻԵǻԪԸҪģֻǹ˵һС
ɽ»½ɽֵ֮ġ
ɽߵ˻ԪߣɣѾˣɽ£ǽϾͿȥˡ
Ԫ˵ͷܺãǽɡ
ɽֵⶫͦصģòģҪó
û⣬õһƥϳһͳ
ͻԪͨİںɽԲݣ˸£ԤеʲôҪԼϷˡ


040 Էµ
µ˺ܳʱ䡣
ԺڴССĺʮˣÿѵĸ£Ȼ³񼣣³˾ᣬ񼣿顣
ʱȷʵкܶǰ㣬Ƿµĺȴǽֹģ˵д񼣴۱
һе飬ǰշµļƻţƺһжá
Ψһвģ¾Ȼٴν񼣣һ¥˵עĿ֮£ٵġ
µȻһ۱ǱϾڽʱ˿ģһ𣬺ܶ˵µǼٵģ˼£񼣣üٵġ
鿪ʼŲڷµķչ
֮£ƳһµĴʩʩࡣ
μӷģȡѵͷзݡ
Ǹʱкܶƶ˼ҵģ˵ȥ㲻ܿ񼣣ȡѵķʳ̵˺ܶ˵顣
ĻǼٵģֻҪܳԵС
Ϸ¿ʼʱ㹻ɽɽڴѾǰ̷ռݣϦչ컹ûѾķǳˡ
ɮڣһõϢǷ·շʦ֣ԾǴµסʦԲμӷµ񼣿䡣
ʢƵĵһˣΪǻʼԺƽʼҵķ¶ɴ
Ҳ书Լλϣ²һ֪ϣΪʼԺȷʵǵһ
һ˵ס֣δзɣɷǷѧ񣬵¸߲ܵΣԪСС͵ηɵĿ˵޽С
Ǳ˵ԪСɣշɣҲסֵûȡ
µס֣ΪĶʵǶģǺεݣȻǰϲμӷµ񼣿⣬񼣵Ǽٲˡ
µɮٶȽϢɢ˳ȥܿģμӿǶ˵Ϣ
ΪۿɮǶǰͺֵĵطڸɽ˺ЩС̷Ƕֵúϲ£졣
µס֣ݸ֪˶μӣΪ֪ԼˣǷͽǰ;ڷ
֪˻ų˵²ǵ÷汣ӵʥأ£һȺҡײƭĻаˡ
˵ȷ񼣿֮󣬽ǲúõصһ±ĳΪĵطǿлȥԺ
˾Ǹɮ֪˵֧֣µķͷһʱԽԽ˾ۼɽɽۿ䡣
䶨ʱʼҲǷµĲԣΪԺһܶյһЩǮʱ壬ȷʵͶ벻٣µʽ뷨£Ȼɮµˡ

ԪҲõ˷µ롣
ǳ⣬ǵԪӵʱȴЦˡ
дģ·һСǷ·շʮжѧʱɱȫľʱܽ䣬Ϊʽӣʮ£ܵķʮס֣ʮӷɣУ룬ս򡣡
ˣҲ湵ͨһʮСУշɣ͸Իڣڣѵ㣬κ㲢ҷµӣǣƣ˲ڿȻ㲻ǷµӣͬɽУɰܼΪŲʣҹͽ̣֮ң洹콵۱ڷУĻƤҷ⡣
³գ¾񼣿䣬ɱŵƵĴȱ֮⣬ǰۿ漣ϴ飬Ը㵽ʱǰ£̻壬ġ
һƪȰŵĽ飬Ԫ濴Ժ󣬽˹ɽֿ˿
ɽ¿꣬ļͽ˺飬Ԫ
һôӦӦȥ
ɽһʦ֣ܺͷ湵ͨˣʲôȥ̧̫ˣʦǰȥһѻǵǡ
αˣϵĲò׷ˡ
ԪĻɽ¶ĵЦݣǰ뿪⣬ǿɣôճ
֣ȷʵӦȥһա
ǷɣǲŸոջ
޷ϳٷط£ȻЩͬЦǵСء
˽ٴԪ߰ȥȻ˾ڳ˯ͨ飬ԽֱӴ¡
ʹٶҲƽ죬óһ·ۣʱ˷ɽ¡
ʵ¹Ԫ淢ǲϣԪģշܵͻԪΪ֮м϶Ķдôһƪ֮ȥΪ˾Ƕһ»Ԫ棬ǿԪӵ֮ʹˣߵĿҲˡ
û뵽Ԫ治ˣ⿪仹ûʼȥŵĺлûԪǾˡ
ֻԪʱ򣬷µ˲֪ĵ̫ˣҲæӴֻԱ㡣
Ԫ͹ɽ¶ˣ߽˷´Ժ˿˶ˣΪҲǷµĺУҲû⡣
һֱߵԺͣΪȥǷ¼ĺԺ۱ˡ
ɣһȣƿҪʼˡ
αҪȣﲻֱӽȥ
Ԫ治Ⱥ֮еȴ͹ɽ¶ԺǰԺſڣзµļСаš
ǼпԪ϶¶֮ɫ֪ǲǸûԪȥ
ôǼأǷĿҲɣ
ɽԱߴǼСЩη壬ǽ·ÿˡ
Ԫ˳Ժ˲࣬Զ۱úţӵöȣͻϰׯĺӼˡ
۱ǰ棬һΣӦҪģڻûˡ
滹мΣǵõģѾ˲ˣһЩԹƽʱµģˡ
棬ǿĿյأǸվġ
ԪȻҲ˿δ£ȴص
ΧȺҵۼʼ񼣿⣬ҲбֵĻԪ涼һЦ֮
ɽһЩסԱ粵Ԫֹ
һĪ㿴Ǳ߼ĵɮˣǷµġ
ɽ¸ſȥȻĵĺǰţȻ˵ȴԴһֺ˼Χ˵ݶһƵġ
ӦǴµĺаɣʦǰģ涼ô˵
Ԫͷ۾΢΢һ£ˣε飬ԽؾȤˡ


041 ¿
ǵȺ򿪹俪ʼʱ˽ˡ
һӹٱ·֮һΣ֣ݸ֪˵ˡ
֣֪½½ѧ£ǹյľĸ֮һԲܵһʡ׸֪λãɽ¶Ϥһɽ¾͸߻Ԫ½ѧµˡ
Ƿ׷׸֪˵Ľ·ھĻ£ӹոȥ˺档
µĺеˣ֪ҲˣؼﶼĲˣʱҲˣƷµĿʢҲϾҪʼˡ
ǱߺԺԺڴˣǷӵ룬ȴԾûнӽŵ˵
Щϰն֪ӣŵĶǴ㿿ġ
µԺȻµԺŪķԲô̬ǺôҲаٶ׳Ȼܿؾվˡ
̣ͳ˽Сʱۿſ쵽ʱˣǱֹ߲ͣˣҲʵûطװˡ
ԺŹرգ伴ʼ

Ĵ۱ǰյشһȺ
ʱ򣬺߳һУԪһʶˣǰЩʱսʱС
еָ£һȺµСпʼ֣ӣСģľ㣬ȵͬʱԱ߻дĺ˾ܴ
һǱ߰Ҳֹͣ̽ͷ￴
ĿЩ⣬ĹˣͻȻ˼αϯͷ
׼ȷ˵һͷΪʶɽ£ҹɽǰһߣǹͷֻɮ£رϤˣ治ϳ
ʶɽ£ҲˣֻһˣǻԪ档
ûˣɻҲϵû뵽Ȼҷ¹ۿ䣬ֵķһ䣡
۾ضŻԪ棬ԪҲ޾ɫض
ڱǰʱҪڰڸɮ󣬵ͬǰͲˣ໥֮Ͳ˳ۣһ㶼Ƕġ
ĶԻԪ˵ʲôôˣв㣬ҲԻܻԪûаա
ԪЩܺͷ湵ͨ¼϶Ǽٵģܺͷ湵ͨˣˣȥƨĴֱ콵һ¾ˡ
ģ۱϶ܽµķͷ
ԪǰЩ⣬룬Ǿ顣
ûȥǱ߹ٴμӴһȺ˴Ӻ˳
ǵĿⶼе
ԪҲ⡣
ǰģˣмұߵĶǺУһԱģˡ
ߵĹԱʮͣɫ׾ƺһˡ
ɽָָԻԪʦ֣˾֣֪½ѧ£ǰЩ꿼̽˺ְЩŻտУձڶʹ֮󣬾˵֣֪
ԪͷָָУأ
ɽµұߵˣǷµķշˣϺбһ㣬ʮ˻ûﵽڣɾޡ
ϺоǸԼдˣԪϸشһ
Ŵģ֣°룬ȴ̸ϴüĿ
˿ԪֵмǸǴµʦˡ
ɽҲ˿Ҳʶм䣬Ҳֻʸˣȥƺееӡ
ȷʵʦҪշúܶ࣬ǰڵӾ￴еɮࡣ
շ½ѧʦߣ̬
˵˵½ѧǲضʦڹģȻʦݸ߹󣬼϶д񣬵½ѧ¿ǽڶʹյˣڶʹµˣڳ͢ô
ôԭ򣬿ܾΪҲģȴʦܵľء
׼ߵǰ̨δ첽˹Ա߶һȻʱָԪ档
շҲƵƵԪ棬Ȼֺ½ѧ»ʦ̸˼䣬֮˸̨ûйһԪ鷳
żҪǱߵĹҲֹͣˡ
Ŀ֮£µķշվ
ӷ𣡡
շͺܴˣǲСվڸ̨֮ϣ˸š
λʩҷ񼣴۱Ŀ䣬ɷ񰮣콵±뷨Уź𷨣ն֮⣬ٰһᣬλʩͬհ񼣣ͬ
˲ҵȻ´Ӱ컹ûˣУҲ൱ֵΪµ񼣲š
ռ񼣽٣ķ𶯣ǷͣǵУɽһЩССҲƵõ񼣣ʵǻ֮Ϊ˱ӣɱΣƶɮҹ棬񼣽٣ռλͬ£ҲôҾ裬ҪһЩĵɱΡ
շĻ˵꣬аղͬˣշɣ£񼣽ٵģͷһûзڶˣͷҹûɽţڶҲˣǸ¥٣Ǽٲ˵ģô˵Ǽٵأ
ûջشǱͿˣλʩµһСİɣǻƣ¾ȻҲţǸһ䣬ǸԷ𷨺ͨëͷСӰˣµӶҪҲˣֻܳȥգΪ˻ƭյķǧδ˵ô׽ٷ䣬ֱЦ
аղˣô˵۱񼣣Ҳû٣û׼͵͵ǵء
µĹ˺ܶ˵ĲΪ棬ȷʵۼ֤񼣵ˣУѾʥأöԷڮ١
һ䷴ʽʵƿԣͨ졣
ɽ¿ʹ죬ԻԪʦ֣İ
ԪҲЦˣļٲˣٵҲ治ˣɻ󣬷¾ͻΪʷˡ
ʱǸµϺվӷĴǣĿԵµ񼣾ġ
˵ôһ䣬Ϻоȥ˫Ŀ΢գһɮ붨ģ
֣ͨնԻǺغ͸߲ʵġ
ȻܶµģȴҲ˵µ񼣾Ǽٵģп涼ء
ܶ໹뷴ˣҲտڲˣϾϺУȥƺЩеӣ˵ĻӦǿŵġ
Ϻһ仰Ϳס˳棬շˣʱȴҺͰǱˣת˵һʲô
͵ʱˣ˵꣬վ죬µһ䷽Ҳ˱£סЩ鲻ף뵱һ䷽ɡ
Ŀ⣬뿴ȥڼαϯϵĻԪ档
Ȳ˰ɡԪЦǻվ֪ʦк̱ɣĵطʰɡ
ƶɮ𣿾ĵûô졣


042 
ԪվԱ߾вٰս
ֵһ䷽ɰ
ǰǣû뵽ܺͷ湵ͨҲˡ
һ䷽ɣ´񼣵ʱҲҪȥ
İտһ䣬ȻкЩ˿ǵĸо˷һʱ䳡ԵЩҡ
û뵽һ仹ôܻӭǺﵽЧ
æһ䣬㲻Լ˵ݣ񼣣ƻգ֪
ƶɮ֮У
㻹ҽƱ磬·һСʦڤˣǶԲϷˣ㵱˷ɣȻȫ˷棬ʼ˼˵׬ȡǮоЩͷյʲôǶ֮
ԪЦһҲˣҲҪƶɮ˵ʲô˵飬ֻҪǿԼı׬Ǯǹٵģʦ˵Һͽͷյһˣô˵µĸ˶ܶˣƶɮɴûôá
Ԫ˵꣬Ա߾кܶ˶ˡ
ͨգֵز㿳ģЩÿڽͷάƵģҲռ൱֡
ʱ˶ˡ
ʦҾһͷյģݵĺ˱˸Ǯݲþ͵һЦôͶˣ
Ϸ˵ģһ䷽ɽ飬ôûԼأ
Լգ˼ԸǮˣǷµÿȥԵܱҪԣǲǸ˰
˵Ԫ治˳ݣû뵽ȻԪˮһƬַ֮˲Ⱥ鼤ܡ
æһ䣬㲻Ҫ˵Ǳ£㻹ȥأ֪㲻ҰǮׯǧܵ˵ǷصǮׯ޽ǵ£Ȼ󽫽õ˵񼣣˻ǮƵоЩ̡
˵ͻȻʶַ˴󣬼˵ȥ»ǵĹ
æĿڵȿ׽ֱţ
ԪһЦʦͿˣǮȻ֮ҲƷ˽ǽûȡҲ棬ôأȡȡǮҲȡܱӰհģҲǴôǷ½ǮҲû׬˰ɣǿϽǮҾͰǮ˸գֻǵǮҲܷȥֵǮֻ·ЩʩǶǲҪġ
Ԫһ˵꣬
һ䷽ɣҿһƵģһǧǵķ鰡εҿ׬ˣһ̻Ҳȥ빦أǧհȻǿ²ˡ
ǰЩ빦ƵϰʱҲڣղƺ֮⣬Ͳ죬ڸǵһվͦԪ档
ж˿ڣղһﻨ˲ǮںˣǷǮллˡ
ԽԽңѵԪ棬û뵽
ۿԽضԷ²շסˡ
ʦܣ£Ҫ˵ˡ
˿Լʦ֣صʦ֣СݣöԸ
ߺߣöԸҿδء
շվԻԪһ䷽ɣղʦܿЩĵطݹΪɣͲҪһʶˡ
Ԫ˸ţ޷ƶɮղž˵ˣʲô׵ģƶɮ̣Ѿܽˡ
ٴαԪ䣬ףȴվٺͻԪŶˡ
ҲûмϾֻѿǵҷ֮УԺзɣס֣Ժס֣ǲÿԺзɣԭܵηߣǵ¸أ𷨾ͨΪĸɮֻˣȡˣ෴ĻֻͼЦţ֪һ䷽ΪƶɮΣ
յˮƽȻǱҪǿö࣬һǴרҵļ֣Ԫᣬˮƽ϶ǲԼģֻҪܻԪ棬ôȻɨأɨأԼķ¿϶ˮǴˡ
Ǳ߻Ԫ˵ͷշԲɱǷ𷨾ͨĸɮǴȴ޹أΪȣ־ߣ־ջꡣ
˵úã
ԪԼ˼շɫ䣺ˣƶɮһ²֪ν⣬һ䷽ɴͽ̡
շ뽲
շһ£˵һ˵֮аݷ𣬰ݵǹ֮󣬷ԱҲһڰݣ˳ĺ湩Ĺһģһ˾ͺʵǹ𣿡
Ǹ˻شǵģҾǹݷ˾ͺˣΪʲôԼҪԼأ
շ˵ԺЦԱߵҲĺͿΪʲôҪԼأ
û˲µĳշЦԪ棬˴ο㻹
û뵽Ԫȴ˵һ⣬ȻҪǧҪѾȫڷϣǲᱣԼŬȫƾˣĻҪԼˣ˾٣Ǹˣ˲󼺡
һ䷽˵úۣ
˶ˣƺȲʡ
ռûסԪ棬ЩϹҲסһʿһеķ䣬һ㣬е˵Ļǻģһ䷽ɾǸУҪλش𣿡
շ꣬Աߵ˶ڤ˼룬⣬شġʿͻſ㣬㱾ǻģشǻģʿᰵʹôش𣬿¶ǻ䡣
Ԫȴԥػش𣺡Ҳġ
շЦ޴ģʿһˣǻģˡ
ԪҲЦˣǵģˣҾ㡣
Աߵ˶ˣι壬ɴȱ
ȻָԪ棬ǸϺС
ʱУʵѵգͻԪֱ޷ȡ
ԱߵĹɽ¸˫ֺʮΪԼѡ˼ֶҡ
ʧշЩ߳ŭȻһӣٴεĪҪɵŪҥ˵񼣣ƶɮ˶ûпǲŵġ
Ԫ濴շһۣշɣûпԲǰɣǺã㣬ҵһʯͷ𣿡
յ˻Ԫһۣûпô֪
Ԫſ֣һСʯӡ
շɣûпĶͲ𣿡
Ȼ˵
ã
Ⱥٴһ䷽˵úðû͸񶨣˼ð


043 ĴԿ
³˹һĻԻԪ淢ѣ񼣵飬Ԫ仨ˮİֱڶҳ
֮µķշಲ󣬽֮ԼѧͨӼǶȹԪ棬ûܴﵽĿ꣬˸ͷҲεĺܡ
ۿ˳Ǹʦסˡ
ΪԪһСУҳݣԼۿһ۵ıҪûС
һȫô£Свڳͷݣץסص㡣
Ȼʦһװ˵̬ģκ˼װ㲻ſԣֻҪЩϰž͹ˡ
ۿסˣ֪ԼˣȻ취񼣿ҲûʲôЧˣɨ˶
һվ
Ȼֻǿһڳÿ˶ţЩ˻֣ΪʲôôԶһϺпһԼĪԼٱôϻ˲ɣ
ɽµɫȴЩˣԻԪ棺ɣϺСǿ
ǿʲô̶ȣ
ȣֻ߲͡
ɽʲôˮƽԪģǺԲĸ֣һֻŽ쾳ˣں϶ǰĸ֡
ɽ˵ʦڹֻ߲ͣ˵ҲǺԲܴĿ֡
֣ԪҲ£Ƚϲʺ϶䣬ҾǶˣƾԼһέɽҲȥ
ʦվʾ£תԪ档
ӷƶɮǴסǣһ䷽ɡ
ȻǴµס֣ǱϾǷɣԶԻԪ˵һЩӦõġ
ʵǣµһ£ֻСèֻɵķ£ԪݺʦǲܶԵȵġ
˵ǹģǰһԼĿػѣȲǵĺøС
ԪЩһǹ£ʦǵõɮʦƶɮҵ
ȻҿˣҲʲôͷеʱڻǣԪŲḡӡ
Ԫûϵǵɫؼ֣ǻǿڵһ䷽ԣνԣඥǴ۽磬νԹӢ۳꣬ǷҲǺа
Ԫ΢ЦЩûӪĻؾ䶼ش
˵ʦһתƶɮҲиɻ뷽ɽ𡣡
ʦ뽲
ϺеҷŽĴԿգ֪һ䷽ΪĴΪ
Ԫ룬ҡͷƶɮ֪
˵Ԫ治֪Ϻ¶֮ɫŪصҷΪĴԿеΪˮ磬֣󣬶ƣһнãԵӴֵĴڣĴԿյС
Ԫû˵תͷȥ͹ɽ˵ʲôƺûʦ
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ʦؽЩһԪ棬ں͹ɽ˵ЦҲ֪ԼĶû
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ȻʦΪԼѾﵽ־磬Բ˵
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һ仰ȴ統ͷһӭͷһմմϲϺдˣվû˵
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ƶɮ޹ǰɣҲôΪǺðɣƶɮ￴ţٶ˵һ䡣
˵Ժ󣬻ԪȥЦſµڴ۱ϵĺɫС


044 
Ԫ֣ϺŪǱҲӮ˵𾴡
ԪǿŷڿЩģǻ𾴣ǻԪÿ˵ʲôôȻ²𣬶ȻǸ᷽ɣǴʱڰУѾʤǼϺǧ
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ͨƣչۼƽһ㡣
ĽǷţˡ֮ϵ߾Ȼһɫлơ졢ɫԡ
ɫţƵŶ޿ͭߴء
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ȻǶڼвϿˣһ
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˱ĳ棬շ¶һ˿ЦݣһɨղŵǱ
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֮ǺɫǰŻʮͭźһߣ߲ƶⱦҷ֮ҲֻһΡ
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ѾвЦ̫Ϸˣڿ˶֪Щ˵©졣
ȻŭĻͷһۣȴ֪Ǻ˷ʡ
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ȻŴĶǷ±Ͼе̵۱Ҳ㹻𺳣вŶ׼
׼ˣǱĸܵ˵ſڣ׼ȥš
ɫŹȻǳޱȣĸ׳ĺﺰźӣʹ̵š֨ѽ֨ѽƿ˷š
ŵͬʱǡաȼɮˣѾ˴ſڣ֣֪½ѧ£֮зССĺУѹѹعһƬ
ܶͽŹˡ
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Žش򿪣ԽԽ󣬷Ҳ˳
ոմ򿪷滹ԵЩڣǶŽţۿ
Ա߹ƴĸ񼣿ơ

߽֮ڣ˳
ÿˣǾȵŴͣĿɿڴ˼ı顣
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ҿδӴҲ⼸оϲأͷ֪֪治֪İ
˵䳰ȷֻؿڷƣһһѪ˳
һ䣬㲻ýƱ磬ķǷôã϶㣬϶㻻ģ
ѾЩԪЦƶɮڵ񼣣ɽţ¥ƶɮڷ˽ȥǵķ񼣣ƻĵı£ƶɮ׷
˵Ժ󣬻ԪˣλʩΪܹ׾ƻ𣿡
Ȼܣ񼣣Ƿ˿ƻġ
һ䷽˵ö԰ܱƻģ϶Ǽٵġ
ԪֿʦûУҲȥֿǷƻĵΪķƻˣôֻ˵񼣣Ǽٵģƭյģҳ𣡡
һԪٴ̺˷ʨӺһ૵˵
α񼣣գƣǹԺ֮УǺξĲʿ֪˵ˣѾţɲмΪ飬ѾǴ󣬱ͷ֣ڣ
˵Ժ󣬻ԪŹɽתȥ
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ոΪȥĻԪһЩﰵŤʲôߺðǲ


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һϦ֮˥ˡ
Ǹ۱񼣿ûκȥ㣬żһ֪ǰȥԻ⵽Χ˵ĳЦ
ǵķշ󣬾ɢСɮı·Ǿ̸ǾȥͶһʲôʦȥˡ
ĺ˲࣬Ҳûȫ뿪
оûߣһģУЩһͬ㣬书ܺá
˵ҧгݵĲߣһҪȥַһ䣬˳𲻱ɽ
ȻѾû˰Ļˣ߾ͲߣûȤٿһۡ

뷨γԱȵģǻԪˡ
ڷ´ɱķλɮ֮󣬻Ԫķͷһʱ
ǽΪɮ¼ҲΪһ䷽ɵĴȱ֮ģѾ鲼䣬иﲻʹģĶȥѰһ䷽ɽ
˵ϵǻۣڿһ䷽Ҳǻۣʲô£һ˵׼ǳȫޡ
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ƵģٵģӵģЩвˣȥһ䷽ҽΣɴܡ
ʵϻԪֻӴߣ֮ԪͳŲסˣûκʱȥϰͯӹûʱϢֻԼչزͣŵõ徻
ȻɽŷԱǻԪѾŵϣйɽĸڣʲô
һε¼׼ҵӵıٴαÿ춼ҵǰƺȽϡ
һΣԪ¼ӵϸΪ³񼣶ĵļ׼ҵӶѾϳɣһΣԪǽ׼ΪҪο
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ȻʽĽֻ¥ɽżµĻʩúܺãիԷһӦȫԭǸСֻԪһסˡ
һĹ¶ʮ죬Ԫָӣ¶ʮջ죬֮Լٴγ齱ˣһܴˡ

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Ԫ˵ͷҲ⣬ɺղ䣬ţȻһЩӦҲǵĶ֡
ƷɺղӶѧţϰ츳һ֮£һʱ仹йɽʦţڻԪ濴ţЩƤ治ǵĶ֡
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Ԫվڷ߶˼š
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ڹɽµǰԪҲû˶ٸɮ𽥵¶˷צ


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Ԫ濴ƷɺղˣСûʲô󰭣ķһһҪѵ¶
Ԫ뿪֮ǰСӴӴԪ洫ڸڹķ
ҲʶȭŵǹҹԶܺڼҹȣϰҲһʱˣǻû˵ִڹ
ǻԪУܵģ֮Իûڣ϶ԭ
ǲŬûõɵ㹻εȵȡ
ڳԿԺǵһľһԪѧϰ£û뵽ҹɽ¡
Ȼɽ¹ܸߣǺֵ书ǺҲûʲôؼһĹѧϰ⿿ͷڣôҪڵʲôʱܼЧ
ԪӦˡ
ȻĿǰԼֻͯӹһǻԪ滹ǴӦһҪڹУûڹķؼ֣еһжǿ¥
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ȻֵǲϼЧԼ϶ܶࡣ
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벻̸ף⿿һϵͳǲģҪкܺõơ
Ȼ˲μӵǷ̨ԪٴλȥչͯӹԼѾоתȫļôʱĿǼЧһ˳ôԼ̨֮ܿǰڹﵽڵĳ̶ȡ

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Լһγ齱ʱ򣬾Ȼϴ辭󽱡
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˷ſڣĴҹѾˣˡ
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һԪȤʵҲܴĿǰ֪ʶѷԼ͸һһ쳣ѡ
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һƽ𰡣ǰɰĻ඼һˣĿǰĻԪ˵ҲһʲƸˡ
ֻڳ˻ծ֮⣬ԪҪҲûôˣǧƽԪȡһ£һʱȥˡ
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˵֮Уħˮ滨³ޱȳز˵ʹ߻ᱻӰ죬񱩣״񣬰Ϸ˵˵ǿˡ
ȣԪ̾뵽ţ
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ܳȡѷħȸţã׶ߣǧĻս֮УԱһֻҪʵõĶࡣ
δĵǷޣƾȥƾܰˡ
ﲻͣתͷԪǿջ󿴣û̫õĶԼоܳȡħȡ
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ֻӥͷħ֮ѡ񣬻Ԫ滹ںߡ
ЩһٿǣԪ滹һҪģ书
书Ԫһһ
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ƽ䵶ҲǺܲĵɱǿȡƽ䣬һмʹᣬҲʹõġ
ǣϰ벿Ԫ漤ֶĺöʮ㣬ѧ֮󣬿ɵʮʮ֮һŸ͵Ʒÿƶǧ֮
ҪˣҪˡԪ治ͣ߶ţֻɨһһ书һ֮£ͻȻĿɿڴһӵؼɫֽţż֣澭һ


047 ĵĳȡ
˾澭ԪĿ
澭Ȼѧڣ
ԼϱӿӰӾľ飬澭ǽӹС˵޵еĿѧˡ
ŹΣᲢãո˹˵洦ܴ󣬵ǵؾһ٣Ҫ߱ͨȫѨȻ󰾹ֿ֮࣬಻һܵģһСľͻᱻٻɻҡ
ԼӦûΣյģԼκ书Ϊϵͳֱڻͨģһռıˡ
ȫľ񹦺ٶ죬޾ͺԶħʦһ㣬ǧѿһ˶
Ҿ澭Ҳ˵ʣʹͨȭҲʹ󹥻ҷ޿ƥУν񹦻壬ǹ룬ɽղ֮
޼ɸո澭ӲƣҪ֪Ǹǲģɴ˿ɼ澭ǿ
оǾ񹦶Ṧİ޴ԼһέɽṦؼɣҪСǹƾ޷ɹãã󽭵ģһ޳ɾ澭Ƕɽ͸Сӹһ졣
иҪģʥ䣬ٶ֣רſкԺûʲôڤƵĺھǰ޸
澭ڻͨѧɺѧԿá
˾ǹǽȵȣԼȡһı¡
ԭӾ濴ľ񹦣ǲȫģѧ
ഫ澭ľÿһԺܶ࣬һ澭㹻һͨоһˡ
ԶʦԲŵʱ߽ﲿ־澭ģᣬ壬ɫʦǸĬһ֡
˵괫þ澭һ֣ΪԸвͬɾҲкܴͬ
书ɫʦߣѧᵱʱ书ȫ޸ȴΪѧ
⼸ѧôһƤëҲɾ֡ҡ䵱ɡ
ɴ˿ɼȫľ澭Ǻε
ഫľ澭ǴĦʦ漸ǲ֪
˭ĶҪˣҪȻ˻Ԫĳ齱ϵͳ棬ôͿ϶ǿϰġ
޵У޵ѽ
Ԫ촽ţû뵽ԽˣȻлȡ澭̵ģҪǵõⲿѧ䣬ɶˣϾڣҲֻɽɵŻ޼ɲǿԼĶְɡȻֻǵһǻԪţеһеڶģֻгȡһؼġпܣȡһ澭ôڶľҲǲֵġ
汣ӣǷ汣ӣ
Ԫ̧ͷһھŲްӷﲻ֪ʲôζ
ƽ˺ð˼Ԫֿ˿Ʒ
ħȣʱŲϺˡ
ӥԺǻлᡣ
ź褺
Ʒִ󽱣ȻǴ󽱣Ҽʹȡ㣬Ҳδؾܵõ澭໥ȽϣԪɲҪĽҲҪȡ澭
ɣҪġ
ԪûôŹⱾѧҲˡ
ĬĬž澭Ŀھǿǿɽԡᣬǡմ󽭡ԺԶһ㡣
Ժ󣬻Ԫ۾ʼϸ㡣
ճȡ󽱵ʱ򣬻Ԫһǲʮĸͼʮĸͼ֮ǰпܳȡԼҪĶ
Ȼ˷һ׼ȷӦò಻ܴ
ھ澭Աߣֱзоģϰ벿
󽱾澭岽Զ϶ܵ
ǰִӺǰػص飬Ԫȷȡ澭ôҪǰƽ𴦿ʼ
ƽϣܸƶɮˣ
ԪĬ˼֮ȷһҧ˿ʼ
͵س˳ȥԲȦתһһͼ
ת˴ԼȦ֮󣬹㽥
ٴξƽĵط֮󣬹ԽԽѾһһǰˡ
ʱ澭ʮ
Ԫϸ۲ţǲû̫ţȻƾԣп߸ʮҵġ
ǰ岽ӵˣǼӲǰһ

ڣ˷оλϡ
ǰǾ澭
ڻԪУһϡ
ӵǰ棬Ǿ澭ˡ
ԪᵽɤӴ﷢˻Ƶźһһ
ž
ǰһ䵽˾澭档
ŶҮ
ҲûˣԪ治Ĵһ
ûиҴ⣬Ϊڲûʾ齱˵пܻǰһǸĵλϡ
ľǱԪ֪ǳз̷ǿô򵥵ģͺԼǰһʱȡľ㣬ȻƽƽĵãǺܶѧȲϵġ
Ŀ϶ҲǺ;澭ȣûʲôɱˡ
ΡΡģڻԪע£ǰһ
ģȡ
ԪֱᣬôİȡҲôȫŰôͶôһȡһء
ˣָһģѵҵز
ô;澭ʧۣ֮ԪǳĲʡ
ҧԼ촽ԪǿԼ
Ȱ˵ʱȰģ󲻵һֿ࣬Լܳڿຣ֮С
ڻԪһȽֹۣǱȽõŵ£ܿƽ
һȻûгɹԼлᣬ澭϶ǻٳֵģԼõʱѡ
ľİɣʲô⹦ܡ
Ԫȡʱ򣬵ȴ޷ȡ
ô£
æۿϵͳͼͻȻϵͳһ˸ǽʱĻ棬ȡĶԼҲûֻϵͳʾ𣺡γ齱Ƿȡ
ȡ
Ԫػش
˵ԺϵͳԶرգƷ֣Ԫ쿪˫ۣϣǼԶ䵽Լϡ
еĲûг֣ǡžડһһ䵽Լǰ
ʲôҵأ
Ԫͷֹż˵Ǳ顣
ţô飿
Ԫ汾ЩɢһּæⱾϸۿ
һ֮£ԪŴ졣
ʧ֮磬֮ɣܣûеõеľ澭ȴصõⱾ书ؼ
ַľѧڵĻ񹦣ʮأϰʮؾܵõʮʮ֮ľؼ
ɫķƤװ飬棬Ȼдż֣
ϰ벿


048 ֪֪
Ȿϰ벿Ԫ鼤ûеõ澭һȻźҲ㹻ֲԼˡ
ַԭֻ˵ʮ͵ʮʮ֮ƾʮܺԭˡ
ȻַҹҲǿĽֶΣǻԪĿǰĶ̰塣
ʹٸȭҲû󣬱ϾǴӸϸı˵һ顣
ܶΪڹʵȻ
ڹķϵĻ񹦣һżǱܣǿķԴҲţԲܳڻԪķϵͳ档
Ȼȴźܼܶã书˶ϰʹһޱ֮ˣֻҪ˽̵һ֮Ҳɵһ㡣
ڹҲ˶ϰˡ
ֻڶҪȵһһһ֮ɵڶ㣬ôҪɵڶ㡣
Ҫ꣬ĲҪ꣬Դơ
һ㣬ôɵʮҪǧꡣ
ͷβҪһǧꡣ
˵û˿ʮַϰţҲֻʮ㡣
µС˵֮УַƾʮϾѾԽܲͨľ֡
ԻԪõⱾϰ벿֮˶һּȿܵ״̬
Ľ򿪣עΪϰ벿ƾؼ߲㡣
ԪĹۿʱһʼڣûԪ漸質
ԼһʱⱾʧΪһؼ
ԪǸо˫ֻƺһȭܴһһ㣬ⲻԼ
ϣȴһ㶼Ԫ滹ǸüĿĺУһӡ
еһԼĿǰԪùһ豭ɱ
ָ΢΢һ󣬲豭ķѵĳΪƬ

ţǸһ˫۾ǧ֮ǻԪоҲľҲԼ
뵽ţԪһţѧϰﵽһĿ̶ֲأ
ǧ֮ǧΪ㣬ʮ㣬ǲǿԵɽˣ
Գҡҡͷţǵʣʮ㣬ֻҪ٪޼ʱʼС
ʹôߣ㣬ҲǷǳֲһˡ
ֻţֵԵףȻԵײûԵ׵ľ򣬵ֻҪһղ֣ףԪͲȫţ
µĳ齱ˣԪ潫ؼպãҸᣬȽؼڸһϾԼʦܣҳûκ⡣

Ƿصĳ¶´Ҫ´̨Ϣ˴С
ǵƫµģһε飬עӰʲôΪѾǽˡ
׼ҵӴ˳¶Сӣ¶ִֵӣ˫ǽˡ
ֵһŻãҲ书յӣԾǽˣԽ£ҪսĹ
סˣ¶Ҳ֪ҳ¶Ҳ֣ѣǰǷȭ׼һٽֻܡ
֮£һԵҪ͵࣬ûж̨רŵĻӦƺЩԼ޸ɡ
֪ԪҲЩȭϾõóֵʵǲࡣ
ɽƣײܶãʣ棬ţɿһսһҲϳپԼˡ
ԼϰһέɽľṦʨӺͷĻҲ䲻ܹʤһ볡ģԲ
˵ԼҲһ⣬Ѿѧ߲㣬һέɽṦзͨʨӺ𣬿Ľֶȴһᡣ
һֳȭԼ϶ܷӾƫƫǲᡣ
ҪԼȥѧϰҲǲܵģԪͨԼϰҲʲôЧοֻҪȡһؼѧﻹȥǸࡣ
ǳ¶սѾ͵֣ԼҲʽս顣
սдĺˣʮ̨Ҫ־ųʤΪʤ
¶ͷΪһΪһ
¶ʧһҪ˳ɽɽڣֻһҷѧɡ
ҪԪûͬ⣬ΪѾ߱־ɽҲǹӲд˫ķղԵȡ
Ԫһ¶ºͷµôͱ븶㹻ۣ˵Ļ¶ڵǷеĲҵ
¶ڵǷ꣬ҲвҳׯһҾ¥ջһҹģܴ̣𣬼ֵƵġ
ڱҲǷǳͽڶ࣬׬ǮҲʲô¶ˣԪɲǳԿ¶һǺãȽ볡ѣװǵֶξͱñǰˣˡ
¶ΪԼһʤҲܿӦԪ棬˫ǩֻѺרõ˼֤鶨
֮Ͳг¶ָȭϢ
Į˫ڸ֣ʹͷòªһ׶صĺϻֵ֣֮ܵڸ֡
Ԫķڣɽһ鱨涼ǳ¶ʱ뵽ָ֣һһԪţˮУС֮ĩڸ֣ǳ¶ʦ壬Ҳڳ¶뵽ڸ֮һ
СڡԪԴطչЩϣۿŻʮǰʮ壬¶Ǳ߲иǰڸֵصڸԪһ˿ѹ
¶ʦ
ǵķɣʵϣ˴󲿷ֶʦ¶ʦǽСŵڶĿ罣ε˶ʹҲԾӣڽϺЩ
СǲǻĴԪһ䡣
ǵģʵнĴĴɾˣĸϹһʦҶֻĶӵķݶǷֱǡ
ͣȲҪ˵Ĵ¶˵£ǻһڵĸ˭
ԪʱԼôѹĴСϵģϵĻиˣпĴʦأʱȲˡ
ɽҲ׻Ԫ˼ûм˵Ƿһڸ֣ɽԳߣһΪǿĺʹһ˵ΪɮΪ̫֮ǿûԼ˸ԺߣʵѾﵽ˺ڶ壬ƾ˵ʵڵģϷԲˣʮֵͷʹ
˺ǸˮȣΣ
ɽµеĽһ죬ĽƲߵĺ֣мֲһʱ䡣
Ԫ˵ͷɽǶԷµĵһˡ
ԷѾڸˣʹԼһɽ³Ҳֻʤһˡ
ڿյʱͻȻһ˵ûгɹ𣿡
԰ɣĪ룿ɽ۾Ҳ
ҪúıһСԪתѾһģļƻ


049 ̨ɽ
ʱ棬˵УھԺ棬Գ̨ɽԺģ˵Ҫֽ֮ΣѣҪɡ
Ԫ͹ɽ໥һۣЩ졣
̨ɽԺҲǷɣصŷնʦǽ쾳Ĵ֣ڽҲ
ΪʲôԺ˻Լ֣ǧǺԼԨԴôҲǰ
ǼȻ˼ˣԪͲӲϽûȥ
һнڣһɫɮۣһԴʮң⻹һʮҵСС
˽ˣҿ˿Щԡ
лԪ͹ɽ¶ˣǻԪȴλϣɽһߡ
ϿɽʹأӦǷɣԪСǸȴ̷ˮСаˡ
ΪλԪȻλأ
ЩŪ״һʱЩԥ
ɽ¼æվеλʦλǱ·һʦ
¶֮ɫæʩһ䷽ɣƶɮպˡ
Ԫ沢ûվţӷ𣬶λ
պǸУԪЩ񣬲¶֮ɫǻ
ǸǲˣҪ˵ʲôպһҲ
Ա߹ɽ¿Ԫе˵˼˵ʲôǻͣˣ
һ䷽ɣƶɮ̨ɽԺǽԺ
պ˵꣬¶ɫֱֱؿŻԪ棬ʲôӦ
̨ɽԺȷʵСǻԪǴԽģʲô˽ⲻ࣬ʹĿǰµһɵħ̣ҲǸʰˡ
պŪûյ˿ЧԪֻǵĵͷ
ɫ䣬͵վƺҪӡ
պٴһ£ʾҪ
ɫЩ䣬պɣƶɮʦͽˣ·Ź뷨֮£ҲǶԹɽڳޣ֪ڵӿ²ùͬΪŵϣڿƺӭƶɮʦͽ
ԪЦһȻǺãκѱѩ֮̿飬λǰΪվƶɮȻǻӭġ
ԪպҲЦһһ䷽ɺôĿȻƶɮʦͽԶҲ˵µڹԮѹ˹أû뵽һ䷽ɻƶɮʦͽǰװӣΥҷҽ塣
Ԫﰵ壬ƨƶɮ뻹ףʲôɣݵǰ̸
Ԫ滹ǵλˣѳأֻܶ鲻Ϊ˵ˡ
ߺߡ
պߺ뻳ӻó
ԪһЩ棬
ģǿԿ϶ǽģͺǰЩͷϲתתȥģѪ
պóﲻͣתڵһ䷽Ųƶɮʦͽˡ
ԪаŵùǲŹ֣ȭƶɮŲǻôģ϶ͼˡ
һЦպʦ촰˵ȭɻӭ֮ǾͲ֪λıΣܷ뱾ɷۣ
պ˻ԪһۣƲһ죬Ȼͽ¶һ֡
ǸСеͷվ
Ԫ滹֣СڣҲʩչҪ¶һʲôأ
ǸվûжǱ۾һƺһ
Ԫ죬ͻȻ䣬Ǹ·޷ԶȻع
ɣ
ԪʵǸѧϣûдﵽڵľ磬תȫȻţΪиԼħء
ǹɽһ֣أţڶˣᣬȻ˵á
¶һ֣۾·ҲָȻȥ
պһֱעŻԪ棬ԪȻ¶棬ȴ˿û֮⣬ﲻɶڴеĿĸоЩˣ᷽ɵ۽ܸ߰
۽ߵˣһֶҲܲԼͽܵķ
Լְɣ
պ־ڱصãֻгಲˡ
վպһ䷽ɣСͽʮ꣬һЩǳڷǰ׳ˡ
ԪЦ޷ᣬỹܶࡣ
Ǳ۾ŻԪ棬㻹ûҴأװʲôװ
Сͽı·Ҳˣڶ壬֪εǷܸܲһЩأ
ɡԪ溬ǵĻشһ䡣
պɫٶһЩֵǾ뷽ɿƶɮıǷɿһðɡ
˵Ժպһöݵ˻ԪǰʾԪš
Ԫ治ԣǻǽ˹
һӹȻоֳأԪ治ŭ
Ҫ֪Ԫոϰ߲㣬ֱǧоķᣬɼĲһ㡣
ݻԪĹƣôһСʮ϶ͨĽˡ
պв⣬ԼڳԼϰһӹ־ǽԼͷ
ɫ͸һʺˣ֪ǲˡԪﰵŭȴǲɫպʦı죬Ѿ֪֪ʦкҪ󣿡
Ǳպľ᷽ɽӹԼ򣬾ȻûжҪ֪ԼһһһʮһʮԼƽʱרŵһ¹Ƥڴװģб䣬ܴߣں׼Ҹûת£ȻúҲ࣬⡭⻹
պԪʵֱһ൱ĸ߶ȣٲԼ֮ˡ
ǺԣԼҲõɵϿɣպǵֲѣҺҵͽ̨ޣҲûʲôĿģֻΪǶǷˣˣʱʦͽס֣ٹիɣʦͽ˳ȥԵ¶֮ͺá
Ԫ˵ͷҪ򵥡ȴ룬ʲôʳ޾͵Ѵ֣˭أ϶⡣
ֻʲôԪ滹û뵽
صݻպԪǾλˣһȥλŵԷס°ɡ
ǷɡɽµͷӦȻԶ˵λɣ
еͷɽ³ȥˡ
·ϣպԹɽµλʦǷɵ书ﵽ˺̶ֳˣ
ܸߣɲ⣡
ɽֻ䵭ػش
պҲˣֻ֣յĽһЩ
ղŸԪֻϣȻһָӡǻԪղġ
Ҫ֪ղպǾڻԪߣ֪ԷûôӲġ


050 
պնȶ˰úãɽ»صԪ洦
ɣҾĿġ
ԪͷĿǿ϶ģҲһֱ룬ִʲôأ
ɽµǰѵΪհ񼣣
ԣհ񼣵ĻֱȥͿˣΪǴ̨Ŀģֳ񼣣ʲôõóֵĶ𣿡
Ԫⲽ˼ˣͻȻԺһ
ţӵ£ֻϻںɽǻԪ汾Ϊ֪ɽпִ󻹵ĸˣԲţֻϻ鿴
Ҳпֻ֪һЩϸ΢Ϣ֪
̨ɽĺУҲͼģûԪ治֣ܲؿˡ
ⲻȲ˵ֻйɽĸڣǸضȥˣðʧֻ֮Ҳȥ޻ء
ݻԪжϣɽضͷʵڹɽ֮ϡ
ֻԪãƺô򵥵ġ

Ƿسڣһɿ¥ʷƾãϵ꣬İмͽţһԼƷĳ𻨵ǾмƷܻӭ
ɽ˵Ƿڶ죬ɿ¥
ߣǺУȾƳⶼ㣬ûܽţһΪ̫¶ݣΪȾƳëЩøģŴα˾ܾ
һ֮Ƿ¶ȭһΪһЩ飬Ǹ˵ˣֻҪ£¾ɽΨһķɣʱɽϡ
ϲϵɽϡţһֱɽԸ
¥˺ܶע⡣
ɽ߰ڵı׼㣬Լһ׾ųͷŨܵĳɢţͷϴһһ߶೤ü
Ҳܲһ㣬ͨ庮죬һٽͷóͭòӵĽ𹿰١
ɽ˸⺷ϴţƤĿ磬ͬҰްı۰¶𣬼ڣž֮
⸱ǸǱδ󺺣ţɽߴ׳ȴûɽҰްϢ
Сſӭӿˣɽ˹ﶼЩĿİص⡭λүסأǳԷأ
ȾƣкλûУɽ޴Ļۿ˵СһֻۣһĵСȶЩæУûС
һСѵϺȶ˲ɣлûУɽСһ㣬Ӹµؿţס
󡭡үСһٽֿλõģλøոձԤˣԾ͡ûˡ
С˵߲ϵĺ͸ˡ
λүоʱҪһ
ɽЦһûʲôȥǸʲôˣֱӺ˵ˡ
˵Ժɽ¥ŵ죬СĿȴôҲĲ
ɽ¥ˣһ棬ղӷ˲豭ߵһСлӶＸ䣬ǸСлӷɿ˳ȥ
һֱܵ˵ǷسŴһ˼ңСлӳ˽ȥƷɺԺȭ
ɺ磬ˣɽˣɿһҪд鷳մ㣬ٻɴʦ
ϣȥ
ƷɺӦһԺ⣬˩һƥֱسǡ
ǷسǾµλôԼʮƷɺҲԣܵɽԼҪʱֻϣǷ鲻Ҫֵ̫Լüš

ɽ˾¥һŰٴλôͨãɿķ羰һЦֱкССүһֻｴţ⣬ʮﻨ񣬿㣡
Сп࣬λѾӶˣӿǲһ㣬ǵǷһĶӡ
ǵǷеˣҲϰĶƺװϰ䣬һ㣬Ӳǻ˶ʮƺ͵ɽϰ䡣
ƺɽϰ꣬书ûѧôǮûٻҲύֵͬܣһƺ׻ؼңʹ˾ŸͬŻ˸ƽģһģЩɽˮй䣬ܶʱ򶼻ɿȾƣʱûڵǷⴳӡ
ҲЩ书ĽѵƺףǼͬȷʵûǸ֣ٶǴȥˣδʧܹ
λүҲǸռƺ׵λãƺưոݣһ¥϶Ҫͻ
󺺿ͣ涯֣СûܶԸƺЩͬš
ȻĻãȻֻ¾Ҫھ¥ڴ֣ԼɾҪˡ
ֲȥɽֻƺЩõ
ƫƫԸΥԼ˰ʱǱ߾¥洫һЦ
ˣ
Сæȥÿƺ׵Ⱦ˴ӵһҪ¥
Ӵүˣһ·࣬һ·ࡣ
ƺ״ӱ淢һһһ䵽С
ҪߣСȴǰƺһ䣺Сүãӣﰭְŵĸʲô
үүСĲҪǮСʵǡܲȱԷأ
ž
һĶƺôĵӣүʲôԷ㻹ܣϽȥ׼ʳһ㣬Һڵ꣡
СһͣҲµˣæүСĸȷʵУڸղţһ󺺣ռүӣСĺˣҲ
£
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ɽˮȻҲǵ׶ǽˣ۶ݲʹģڼȻԼλã̶˾
ƺ׸ֱתͷǸˣʦ壬㿴
ȥ˰ȻĻشһ䣬Ȼͷ¥ߣľ˸롣
ˣҪ
СۼãæҲȥϣȰ˵ɽΪ֮øƺ׵ˡ
¥ƺ׵Ѿվǰ棬ƺ׸վ˳ɽҰǴĳģٸүλã
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ɽţ˽ԼҰӣҰˣҰʲôġ
ƺλãڱôһУɽͲˣ͵վһɣСӣ˵˭Ұ
ûƺ׻شһʦ˵Σ
ѽ
ɽһ͵קĺһ̩ɽѹһؾͶǸӻ˹ȥ


051 ָ·
ǷصڣһվȺ֮Уĭɵؽ췢顣
Ҹ˵ʱûпɽʮΧǽɽһɿĶ¥ذ޹⡣
ľɽɽɿһսϢѾ˵ǷĴС˲֪˲е˶˽˺ܶİΧۡ
ҲǸ˵ãԽԽվһʼʱڶ¥򣬴ŴţǸƺӾͱɽһŴӶ¥䵽һ̯ϣԲѡ
֮󰡣ЩɽӰһǸϵͷһŹһɽѹʹˣôҲǺϵһĴɣڵ󻹻̫𡣡
Ա˽ӿڵǰʱ䣬ЩɽڵǷûٸɻ£кܶ཭úѵǣ󶼱Ǵˣʹú书ߣҲסǵĽ󡣡
˼ѽ⽣һɽһתΪʤļƣû뵽ɽƴŰ˼͹һˣȻȥŹ󣬶ļҲ˵ɣʱɽ˲֪ɽкģһĵ治ܸʲô̫˺
ȥŹ֮أ
˵ȥ˾ŹһӴӾ¥ϱ䵽Աߵĸ̯ϣ֪
ɽҲʧˣŹȻȥˣЩְһٴΧ
ɽ󷨻ͦడԱ˵
ǣʧȥһ˸ⲻɽ鷳ˡ
ȴҲ˼䣬˲żɽƴ˾Źû뵽Էа֮£ֻٴˣ˻ˣ˶Էһӣȥ˰󡣡
ɽ˰ɣҲû˵ãʵ
û꣬ȻʧȥһˣӶ¥䵽һ̯ϡ
ɣɿʱˣ͵һ䵽̯ϣʣ˶ܵԶԶģģˣʲô㶹̯ӵġ
˱˴ҲŭٺЦʧȥһǾʣ߸ˣְһ󡣡
ۣô󰡣
ǰɽôˡ
۾һɣ˭˵ãҸǰɣɽӢ˵ãȥ֮ٴȥ˶Է󡣡
Աߵ棺ۣɽ˾ܹ󰡡
ǰ˶ܰ󣬺أ
ѽɽѾ˵Ĳˣ˺üٽԷֻʣ˵ʱɽʹһзɹһֱӴӶ¥
ǲʣǸϵ¥ɽʧȥô죿
Ǹ˵صǵĹؼʱˣû˹ӵɽѾˣӦòǸɽֵĶˣɽҲ͵أʱ򱻶Էһ󣬾ȻץסѽһֱסɽˣһӶ¥
䵽ϣˤĲᣬɽûˣҪһЩվˣȥɱѾӽԵɽ
Χ˶סţȻ֪˴𰸣ǻΪؼʱˡ
ʱû˸ɽȥɱɽǹٸңʱҾԱ߰ΧϰնŻˣǵɱ˰
ʱƺĿôһĺӲˣˣˣǷصĲãϣϯƣƺʹ֮䡭һƥɫ紩֮䣡ɣýӰˣ˭
ԱߵϰĿһ䷽ɡ
ûһ䷽ɣԶ޷һĻһ䷽Ű۵糸ĳ˹һˡʱ˶ͷȥ·֮Ķʧȥɫֻһʦһ£һʦĹͷ⣬һָЩ;ˣٴĺȰ
ûиСӣͷƣɲôУСûŵģǲܸһз죬ȻǶһ䷽ɲˡ
û˸ԼСҲʶĳеˣæһ䷽˹ü˵޶ۣɱռȻƶɮײˣ;ԲٳսǶɢȥɡ
Ǹɽɵĸֲˣһ䷽˵ƾʲôôˣСӱ
Աߵ˶Ʋ죺ȡ裬һ䷽ֻǲԸˣһ䷽ɳ֣ûĶ֡
ǰһ䷽ɺҲЩˣǸɽ˵ҽҪֹⳡ㻹һս֮ͳƶɮɡ
ǸָҲҰ
Ǵ㶯ˣͻȻһ䷽һץǸɽץطŵ˰ıϣ;ͣһͷͲҶˡ
ۣһ䷽ɸжѽ
ٴε㣬ɽҲضٶһ䷽ץץСƵģһѣ˶ƽˣйͷأ˵ж
ԵصҲ
ǸɽֱסˣûҶһ䣬Уʲôˣ
ûһ䷽ɻشΧİǾشˣһ䷽ɶʶΪ˰
˵ƽһЩһ䷽ɴɽˣȴûйЩɽӣΪԷɵĴȱ϶˶ȵģһ䷽ɲûоȣΪ֪ЩǻˣԼҲˡ
ôͶˡԱߵİշ׷Ϊһ˵
˼ϾͰʮˣǷ̨ҪʼˣҺһص

ڣԪķ䣬ɽڴϻţʧѪɵģϵ˿ںܶ࣬ȻûܵشսѪҺѭ٣˺ܶѪڵļԵЩ԰ס
ҪɹɽչϾɽ¶ö࣬Ҳߡ
Ѿˣ˿ֹѪˣɽ¶ԻԪʦ֣ɽûʲô󰭣ʵصһ£ɽ˴Ӷ¥һ£оҵ𵴣ЩˣʧѪŻԲѵģò˺ܾãտ϶¾´߶ˡ
ҪôãԪ΢΢Щʧ֮ʣЩ黹ԽԽá
ɽϰٴ˿ڣˣʹСˣôõĻһЩֻ̫࣬ҵĽҩܺܿκôҲҪ²С
С޷ֻҩ
ԪӴĬĬ㣬ҲõĽҩԼĺɽнҩһһĺҩԼȥõĵ


052 Ϳ
Ԫ̺ǽɽɽ£һԼһͳ¶ǵ˳ʤ
ԪûʲôɽԼû뵽ɽǳôսɽʮˣоˣһˣԼ˸˺ۡ
ƺɽĻС㹻ˣɽٺתҪ㹻õĽҩС
ڻԪ濴ĽҩҲԼɽĽҩֻǿϧи书ߵͷԪûǸ
ǲɽκˣԪôҲǲܸĵġ
˼ȥԪȥɽһ
Ȼϴһðʧȥ͵ҩǴǸ̸һ̸
Ϊֵ߱˵¯ϣ޷߳ضģֻҪԼڵض̸֮յЧء
뵽ԪùɽչɽԼ뿪£ɽȥ
ϵʱÿСӭ
Ԫ۾΢΢һ£Ȼ̨ɽĺͼģɫ糣زûзʲô
Ǹض൱εģɿϻȥԪҲ޷ֵġ
ǵͷ·ֱԪǰŷ֡
¶һ˿֮ɫԻԪʩ񣺡һ䷽ɡ
Ԫ˵ͷɽΪΣ
ŶûʲôֻǾ羰䡣
պ֪˻Ԫ书֮Ҳû˿֮ɫæش˼䣬ߡ
ԪҲûԼҲȷʲôҲʲʲô
ԷԼڣʲô紵ݶģԼǿ֪ġ
ǵȵߵûӰӣԪżǰɽһΣͻȻʩչһέɽṦת¾ʧںɽ֮УʱڰӻԪ棬϶Ҳʧȥټ
˼䣬ԪǴ޴ʯǰ
ڻĲ֮УԪؿǴض
ĵҩζ붴Ѿʮס
̽ǰԪоˣҼǰˣ͵
ո£ɳƵ˭͵Ϸҩͺ¿
Ԫһ£߿϶岻ڵͷ˵ʲôͺ¿ͺ¿ģھһƶɮ֮Уҳڲѷ
ҵ
һ£ЦЦһСУȻ˵Ϸƾʲô
Ԫҳϣ书ܸߣ֮޷뿪ضֻҪƶɮڶڶϸɲǷȼȻĵض洵磬ҹҾͲܼôò
ȻԪһǺʹ˳߲ˣβŵСͺ¿úݵġ
˴˱˴ˣƶɮͷȽӲֻʬ嶼ûˡԪ滹ļǵ߸Լһ«ͷоеѣΣɼߵĹ
ǸͷֵСУʦ˭ģԣ
ԪһûȴƫƫôˣԪһʱûش𣬸ɴ¡
Ǹߵߣʲôòµģʦһˣģԣ书ãԷãʲôãƫƫÿշɮϲտṦӦĵͽܰɡ
ߣסԪһͷˮҲ֪Ӧ˵ʲô
ǾϷ˵ˣϷ㣬շǸͺ¿ʲôطϾ͵ʮˣҪϷģϷҲˣô֣뽫Ϸʲôʱ򣿡
Ԫĥţͷ˵ĻȻûͷûԵģҲ޼ѰμԼ˵Լµͺ¿³Ҳʮѣ˵˿ʮˣҲ˵ʱﻹû¡
˵˵֣пܾˡ
ĵˣӦҲֵĺУշɮпܾϺС
ЩԼһ֪óȻڣֻ©Ԫˣҽ㣬˵Ĵ󻹵һ«
󻹵Ҫһ«ֱΣϷ˲«ÿ«ʮţſھҪһ«Ϊǳ𣿣
ԪҲ֪ûôҪҪۣ߾ܾٴε󻹵ûҲУС«аɡ
УЩҩŽģ챻һ«СϷ򻹵ٻһµʱƣҲܸˡ
ҲҲͷҸ㣬ʲôҲ׼Ũ̴ͰɣƶɮûôõƢ
ԪڶȻŭ״ôش
СУѵûи߹㣬ǶƷϷڸǶ𱨣ˣʵϷõһЩʲôЩҩȥɣȥԺ߿շʦ˵ĪѾ˺ܾãøõĶɡ
˵꣬һһŶžડһ˶⡣
Ԫͷһһݴ棬ĸҩ״Լʮء
ǽҩˣҲԼеĿġ
Ԫ潫ҩ˰Σû뿪ǶԶڵеˣƶɮĹºϲպʱ䣬ÿ¶̽һ
ȥɣǵ֪ͨʦǣϣ´ʱܸϷϢضϷѾ̫̫ˡ
Ԫ潫ҩպã뿪
ûа·ߣȦȻȥ˺ɽߴ
ûпպʦͽֻϻ
뿪˺ɽԪص¡
صԼķ䣬ɽ»ڣԪ潫ҩ
ɽ½ӹҩȥϸо˰죬ЩصɣҩƷʲ򵥰ʦһһͣûôõҩء
Ԫ˵ͷûжͣǿڵһĪ֣
ɽһ£˼һҡҡͷʦδ˵
˵շɮ
ɽ»ãȻҡͷ
ԪЩˣɽϽ֪ЩˣǸض˵ıӵ鰡
ɽȷʵ֪ԪҲˣԹɽµҩˣɽҪκã
һ˳Ļ֮ɽͻָˡ
Ԫ˵ͷЩȻأ»Ӧ̨档
õɽ֮󣬻ԪϿõƾͶˣǳžʤƵ̨һһ˿ա


053 
ɽʱѾԺˡ
ֻʱԱһ˶ûС
ϵ˿Ѿ裬ԼһľϣΧĻİġ
ԴɽԼ֮ǰ顣
ԼѪսɽӣʱ̻ǰˣӡкһоԼ
´ΧĻؾţзţйڱϵһߵķ𾭣ôôһеס
̧첲̧ȵĶ˶ЩʹЩʹɽںŴӴȥҪŪǸʲô
ƿţſ⿴һµĿ
Ļţɴأȥµĵȫʯ̾͵ģƽ⻬
ԶһΡıֱգɽ̧ͷȥоЩѣΡ

뿪˷䣬һǰţȴûпˡ
ͻȻԶһ𣬽
ǰǷʱһΣ˵ֵѵ𣿡
ԶܲԼʮҵĶǰԺ֣ȻԼԶԺȥ
ͷһϺУԼһۣЦЦû˵ǴЩź·ȥ
ɽкǸϺʣ˼ҸûͣԽԽԶ
УҪȥ
ɽҲԼ˵飬ײײĸں棬ȥ
ЩܵҲر죬ԼĸӸߣӴǿҲܸϣ˵ǲûнԼ˦˼
ǱϾˣɽϵʱЩѾһͣ
ʮվĶ飬ǸϺվڶǰУѾں˼ƣ׼ȭˡ
𣡡
ϺͻȻһԭشһǺڻġ
𣡡
ʮĸŷһһһǺڻģƻֺꡣ
ɽµԶۿȻЩ˵ıһ㣬ǸϺиԼĸоǳ

ϺһϬţ¡

ЩҲһϬţ¡
֮ȭԽԽ죬Ϻеﲻͣغš
Σ
к˸һ˫
Բ
˸б¡

һ˫ײơ
֪
Ϻбߺţ˳ȺЩ棬һȥͦСվ˳Ϻеλá
Ϻɽ
ںУɽһǷǳ𾴵ģ书ܻԼ֮ϵϺæվ
ʩ˺Щ˰ɣɽ´˸ʵ
ɽæ񣺡лʦöˡ
ֵʦڵǷ⣬Ҽǵúиоң֪ң
ɽ°˰֣ҲǱ·һʦ
˵ǷɾԼɽתתЩ˷ܵصǲ֪ڷںδɽҪȥл
ڲʩǰȥǡ
ɽٴΰлɽ£Ȼصڡ
Ȼ֦ҶģǶԼϿɲоκпԼҵҪʵˡ
ϣɽͷǷǳģԼ⡣
ǽ첻һˣɽΪַɣȻһ¸صĸɮ϶ԼݵӣŪľɾһЩһӡ
£ɽ
峿ͨĴӶţڹ
Ժһ㲢ûˣɽķǰ˰ݣȻȥ
һ·ݷһ·ϣһֱ˵ھŲ㡣
˵ھŲ㣬ɽһڷǰ棬ԼֻܿӰĿ
ֵһ䷽ˣɽûиðʧȥԶʩ񣬴ɽлַɾ֮
ƶɮûо㡣
ǸбԼ˵һ䣬ƺûвϵĸо
ɽһ£ٴʩ񣺡ʦȵңмģҸղ棬һʦҲˣ㡣
ˣԼƴֿ޾壬ôƶɮʹϵҲˣˣֻԾȡ
ɽ룬ͷɣȣɽ֪α𣬲Ժ³ңǰźɣԱ֮
Ϳ
һѵ𣬾Ȼɽ˫죬󺧣ĵɺøߵĹ򣬾ȻһԼ
ǸһֱûлعͷǼƶɮ㣬ΪΪмΪɮ࣬ҲǸ֮ͽмƶɮǿ£Ҳض룬˻뿪ö¶ˡ
ɽɾܾæɣҲΪ
ΪΣ
ʱɽ˼άɣԺҺϲô䣬ҲԸһ棬Ҹо¶ǰҲȥԺǵﶼûҸоˣطʺңڳ⣬ұ֤ԺڳԵġ
ԪȻʧЦɽҲȤȻԼ֤Ժմ⣬˻ֻ罫ȥˡ
ǻԪƫƫΨһ࣬ǰϳصĽɣʵŷ֮ˣǺܿģԻԪҲѹͷ
˵ԪͬԼͿˣ˽Ｔʹ˳⣬ԪҲܵġ
οɽԼȱ˲ţëȻʲô
𡱵ľصڷ棬ǸõģʼɽĹ۲췽ɵľٶͲٹ۲ˣ˫Ŀ΢յվ֪ʲô
ֹһԪعͷɽǰ
ɽ۾ɾȻ᲻Щ죬ȴûʧ̬ıֻ֣ǶԻԪ΢΢ͷΪ
Ԫַ̧֣ŵɽͷϣȻյޣޣ֣㲻ǹȥ㣬ҲãԹҲգһȥʱɿգô˾ɵСɽɸܵ޵ľ磿
ľħͻԪĹƻ֮£ɽҲ״̬ͷɣҸܵˡ
ޣһе࣬۶⣬ɫζ۽磬ʶ硣޹Ұ޿ֲɽӽɽˣֻޣɼˣ
ɽһŰڻԪȰ˵£ԽԽƽҲȥΪ˱ųµģֻǾãԼӦ֣ǰЩӶˡ
æ˫ϥ򵹣ɽƶɮޣݼʦ
ɣȥիһʦ壬ȱǡ
ɽͷǣ׼·
ԪںͻȻֽеŶˣ굶в˺ŪˣȥһҪһѿ񵶽°ɣû취½ܶʩûء
ɽͷһκˮٴεͷڸղž飬һλðĸо


054 ¶ĺ
õɽַһԺ󣬳¶ûǰҪˡ
Ϊյսɽܲңʱ¶Ⱥ֮УûȥְɽΪɽĶ֣ɽɵˡ
ںϵؽ磬һǽڶʹڶˡ
˵죬ɽŻ޼ɣ޼ɱˣǽڶʹϱ˵Ǹһģֻڶʹٸ޼Ǵ֣ڰںʡһ졣
֣ҲãǷҲãûǵɽɣ˵¶ɽɣҲԲȥɽɵĻ롣
οɱҲ˵һԱӲɽгͻ
ɽԼûԼҲûɽ˷սִ¶ԻȥɽģɽɲС
¶ǲѡԹۣ⣬ɽʹȥҲԻᵱûп
طչϣɽޱȣɽˣ󻹱ֵķɸˡ
ʱַһ־ɽ¶Ҳˡ
û뵽ԼȻˣǮׯʱ򣬻ΪСûʲô£ڿǴشˣƾһɾͲͨ΢ȭűжˡ
Ȼɽ¶Ҳȥңһɽ˵ƺᣬʹˣܾܲȻǸ⣬ҾȻˣƶʱҲǷһԼѾûаˡ
һ㣬ǷôһͷͰɽɵעȥˣɽɿ϶ưոݵģһҲֵͱúء
ǵ˼죬ɽǱ߲֪Ϊʲôûжɽƾ˵Ѿתеʱ򻹻ȥ̵ֵЩ׼ҵѧϰ
׵ǣɽɴĳ£˺С
ļƻɽԼһӮǷ֮ɽΪµĳϵģڿȫôˡ
ɽʵ¶ģɽ֣Լһ˿ɵУһųԣһʤһĲ࣬һΪʤĵǷ޾˱ǳ¶ܽܵġ
⼸¶һֱԥǲȥѰɽƾԼɽĽ飬ɽȥµγϣôɽܻܿġ
Ψһ鷳ǣʱɽ׷ܻܿǻ
˼ȥ¶ȥԼʦˮС
и¶һ⣬飬ͷԼȥȥ˵һɽҲҪ뷨µģʱ飬ɽ׷ĻҲзȥš
õ˲еָ㣬¶ȥ
ƹˤˣ¶̶ȣҲɽ׷ˣһɽ֮󣬴ǷԼˣֻҪ£һж⡣
ҪҪˣӲҪɲУϾֵּһҲǳصģԼðʧǰȥһһӵϴһٿɾˡ
о˺ܾãһС

ɣ㿴ҵʲô׵ĵط𣿡
ɣȭķʽԲԣ
ԪͯӹоԼѾﵽһٽ㣬ֻҪ΢еϾͻˡ
鲻Ҳ׼ҵϰ䡣
һֵ䣬ͻƻ裬صϣֻЩرڷܵ׼ҵӣŻڿʱܵ䳡ϰ
ƷɺղԼʮ׼ҵӶۼ䳡ȭûԪ׷Ԫ̡
书ߵˣ϶ǷĪܵõɵָ㣬Լ书кܴĺô
֪֣书˵ľǷɣһжᡣ
ǻԪɾԲֳԼӣ磬ʹ㽫޵е˵ĺԻԪ洦Сģ¶©
ƷɺԼ̣Ԫŷ˹ȥҲֻʾƷɺ
Ʒɺ˾񣬽һ׷ȭû磬ʮ㡣
ƷɺˣԪ˵ͷȭһģ
ǵķɣһʦʼǵľ׷ȭǴûһʦôһʦȭͷܴʯͷҲ֪ʲôʱܴﵽһʦĳ̶ȡ
ȻҪǲǾʤĵһء
Ԫ˵Щ׼ҵ¶ɵɫΪһ̵ǹɽ½̵ԼǸ޴ʦ̵˵Ҫԣǿʱ˵𵽾Եأȭ
һЩȭûǻӡ
Ƿ˵أЩˣĪǷɱ󣬲˵á
Ȼлģ׼ҵӣƷɺղӵˣǾԲỳɻԪȨġ
еĻɣԪҲɫߵԱߣ䳡Աһʯһõġ
ʽûкû֣֮ٶҪ汸Ǻõȭ˵ǾأΪ˷ֹ;š
Ԫ˵꣬һڴʯͷһȭӳ赭дģͽʯͷ÷飡
һĻЩ׼ҵӾȵŴ죬죬ʲô
¾ţĴʯͷɡ
Ϊʲô˵ûأ
Ԫʯͷ˵ղҴһʯͷģģٿ
˵Ԫ潫ʯͷȻȥ򣬽ӵķλЩƫһԶһȴûдֻǴȥһǡ
Ժ󣬻ԪֵûУ򲻵Ŀ꣬ٶȺ׼ȷǷȱԵʣʱһҪȫ淢չƫơ
Ȼ֪˵ƫʲô˼Щӻˣ׷׹ƾ
ǿɲΪԪ򲻵ʯͷֻǹԼЩ˿ģ࣬ʵɾˡ
ԪһΣ֮ҲϳˣЦеһԹۿȭԼǲѧӦ֮á
Щ׼ҵӿһԹۿ⾫ߺţȻţȭ硣
ʱɽŴͻȻһӣԪһֻԼʮٲľ˽
Щ׼ҵҲǵǷˣʶٲͷ죬ͷԻԪɣٲʶȥʡ
ԪͷǸ׼ҵӭȥǰӵĴӹٲⲻõͷָʲô
ٷϻ˭Ƿɣҳ̫үץַȥ󣡡


055 ȺŹ֮
ЩٲǵǷõģҲڵģƽҶ໥ʶû뵽ܵˣЩ׼ҵӿǲӦˡ
ιͷƾʲôץǷɣ
ЩŵģҰܶ˲ǵģ
ץˣĹǵȭͷ
֪˭ȴͷ׼ҵĴһ׷ƣֻҪٲǰһǾҪˡ
ǸͷҲһæһ
ЩٲҫģǸͷҲŻŻͨգ˻ǷҲûҶõýһϣִ򲻹ңƾʲôҪ㡣
߹ٲʮǱ׼ҵҲʮȻٲŹӺʲôģҪ涯֣治Щ׼ҵӵĶ֡
ͷҲôˣ濴һۣÿԪվæһ䷽ɣʶ㣬Ƿɣ㿴ҲǷ£㻹һ°ɡ
ûȻԪشԱ߻Ʒɺ˵ˣʲôƾʲôץǷɣ첻ѻ˵ˣǱɽ
Զ׼ҵҲۼ˹
ţҲ׼ҵӣ׶ʮĿĳֵʱЩٲ̲סЩ˫ȴˡ
ܿģٲͱΧλͷ¿˿ֻطʵڲʺϾһЩСǷԼʮ˱пܡ
ȥҲͷɿȥ΢һЩƺ˵ӣͷɣǶǵǷˣ֪Ĵȱ֪ǺˣҲû취˰ˣ˵ѲӷӦѲֵģ̫ү˵ˣǸɮҲǷ£ʺϴ󶯸ɸ꣬ǽ뵽ȥֱ˵ĺá
˽ƶɮˣ
ԪҲЩ֣ô˸ԼѲӷأ
СľͲ֪ˡͷһ䡣
˵ô˵ţͻȻЩŭˣһץסͷĲӣһᣬٹͷ˵Ĳӣ
ͷ˲ͷˣֵŽٵڿлţһ仰Ҳ˵
ţǸʲô콫ͷԪ漱æţˣȴЩϲãţѾϲ£ϲԼˣðţĵĻԼֶһԱ󽫡
˻ԪĻţһɣͷƴĴڴ۾ţȴŭԡ
Ԫ濴ͷһۣͷƶɮûʲôΥҼ͵ƶɮ٣ҪһֵɣȻĻƶɮǲǰȥġ
ͷ˰Żָ룬һҧˣɣʵɣ¶´ˡ
ޣʲôƨСһǱ߻ƷɺȲˡ
ǡǡǣǱСˣ˼״Ӱ˵иɽģ¶ݣڶطʮˣѪծۣ˵Ƿ֮󣬳¶ú͹٣Ǹȴֺ˴ܺܵ¶Ǳһ䷽ɲģ飬Ƿǧ޷ϰɡ
ԭˡ
Ԫ΢΢ͷǳ¶ɽ֣Щ޷ӦˣֶΣʲôʮˣڽƨ
Ľÿ춼սڷÿ춼ȥÿ춼ǰ̵Ľϣá
û˹ˣʲôˣͲҪٸȥٸֻҪû˱棬Ҳܽ¡
Ҳܲˣһ²һ¡
ڳ¶£˵ɽʲôʲôطʲôʲôˣ˭˭˭ӲҪ˵¶ڵɷҲ˵ùȥ
˭ﶼƵģΪ¶ˣźõָôһ
ĿĲһɽһǻԪ档
һ䷽ӵȥˣô¿¾ͻĻɢĵǷ޻ôˣ¶ȻӮˡ
һץסɽʱɽѺҲãǱ¶پȳҲãкôġ
Ѻˣһʧȥһս¶뷨ӾȳôȻɽͻ»ص¶һ
Ǵö̡
˰ΧԼˣͷּһ䣺ɣ˵󲻴˵СҲСôˣʵɣڽڶʹ֣ݵפһŶǧפɽʮﴦʱѾפкʱǲܻȥפɽˣɣŰ졣
˵Ժͷͱ죬صŻԪػҲˣûȥפ£㲻߾ͲߣҾ͵š
ϢЩ׼ҵҲˣɵ˼
õûʲôµģǵǷˣںפͲˡ
ǿǲӣһǧ˵ģôΣҲԺ˼ҵֿ
ֻйɽµüͷ壬ԻԪɣ²صģʦܿȥפ죬ǲôġ
ϵפ죬ǹյֱ£߼ٹɽҲʶɹɽ³棬ȷʵܽ⡣
Ԫ˵ͷȷʵҪ棬þ֡
ɽµͷӦ
Ԫ濴ЩٲҲЩŭˣģ¶˵ұƶɮùٸ潭£оǷҲ𡣡
Ԫڲѷɽһ£ԻԪɣ˵໰ˣġ
Ԫͷ˹ɽһۣĳصһ˲ڿɡ
ɽµͷ
ԪֵȻˣ㣬벻Ǹ¶벻뽫Щٲǵ
ιɽûԥֱӵȻ룬ǳš
ˣŲ˵ѻʹЩС
˵ȻķɣɽºЩ׼ҵһָɽֹĸо塣
ҵԪĶԹɽ˵һ䣺ӵһֵ֪Ҳȥƽ
ң
˭ǽڶʹأǣûоӻֵģֻЩٲϣЩٸצɽȥ
ԪСԹɽֹһ䣬һ´
ѾȵòͷֵֽУһӿ˲佫ʮٲûȺ֮С
ĸ׼ҵΧһٲⲫ§ȣмѪȭȭ⣬Щٲ޵
Ԫĺˣﰵο
𣬲书ҪǿҾҪµһȺŹɣѧЩ浥ôֲͷ
պ㹻ǿ£Ūָ֮󣬹ʲôħ̵ģҵֵҾǱȺŹͷ³


056 ڳȡ
һֱԪ涼һڰǰǴȱĸɮڵǰǺͰķɣڵǰ׺ݵͺ¿û˵ʱǸСꡣ
ԼȰʮٽ¶ˣû뵽ЩһȲˣȻ붯ùٸԸԼ
ҿԼ߻йɽڶʹϵڣȻԼ»ҪԸ
Լǽȥʲôص㶼ԣԼµķɣ׻˵ܵ˺ܲоΪвԼǱٲһ˵ġ
ʹԼ˹̣ܲǱؽδûܵġ
¶Ǵþ⣬ԼϾҪ̨ʼˣԼأ־һ롣
½Щٲ£Ԫ沢ʲô鷳ʧȥ˾Ӻ֪ŵ֧֣Щֻһֻֽϻˣ޷Լв
ѾǰʮǰʮˣϵǷ̨Ҫʼˡ
һе̨ܵ˳Լйɽ£һţɽպʦͽһˣƷɺղҲոϳ˾͹ˡ
Է¶Уڵĸֻˣչûġ
ЩٲԺ󣬻Ԫ滹ȥѰ¶ǵ鷳ȴͻȻоԼڵ쳣ƺͻƵٽ㣬òصڣ
ͯӹϵͳҪɣҲԼԼǰһϰԪ漸еʱ䣬ͯӹ棬ڴδиʱǼЧˡ
оͻƵļ󣬻ԪϲҲ˲ȥҳ¶ǵ鷳ˣæڡ
Ժ󣬷Ըɽ¸ԼţԼ֮ǰκԼ

Ԫ濪ʼһֵ
һҪḶ́һ˿ķ;ͣ٣Ȼпܾͻǰˡ
ԪͨزʵףԶһεĳؿء
һεһҹ˰ʮĵϣԪڸоͻơ
޶£ȫת
һ˿Ԫ·ˮʪ
˿˿ණƤųתЧ
𽥵ģ۳ƣžʼתγһһѭתȫ
ˣ
Ԫ۾ͻȻ˫һӡͺһ
ڻԪĴ߶ٴʵԼͨһѨ忪ɲǼоȻʣͷһ
Ƭ֮󣬻Ԫ泤³һ
ˣ
ڣ
ڽ˺ڣ缸֮󣬾ԼĲϿޣͯӹͻٽ㣬ﵽ˺ڵľ硣
ںͳűʵ𣬺ڣʵ㲻ڼҸ֣ǸʱֻһУܻΪʵʵսֻһЩǿЧ
ڣʹˣתȫʱӯɱ
ͯӹΪСɽ׶μ졣
Ԫ汾ѧϰϰ벿ﵽ˵߲Ľ׶ΣѾһһ޷ﵽĸ߶ȣþˣϺڵͯӹȭʩչѾͨڸֵȺԲ
ֻԪڲκεȭսȻضһԾɸ֡
ȭͷӯĸоԪ漤쳤Х
ڳɹˣ
ͬϵͳ齱ԼɵģԼĹǰǸν֣ҲûһܴﵽԼгɵĳ̶ȡ
ȻԼڵʵʲôԼ޷ơ
Ƿϵͳ
Ѿǰʮĵϣ賿ǰʮˡ
ʮȻ̨ӣǸǴͳڣ
ϵͳڼһγȡϾ͵ˣԼ϶һλᡣ
ƽһ¼飬˿ϵͳʱ䣬ʮһʮ
ûȥ֪ͨĹɽԼչؽϢԪһȶһߵȴʱ䵽
ʮ֮ϵͳеٴ𣺡ڣһγ齱ᣬǷȡ
ȡ
Ԫ͵ʱˣ̿ʼ
ʮ֣Ԫ潫Щ鷨ƶԶˣֻ书
֮󣬻Ԫ΢΢Щʧ
ҲûϴǷ汣ӵĹϵ˴γֵƷƷʶ̫ߡ
书һֱ޺ȭȣȼľɹȴƺķħ
˵˴书Ʒһ㣬ķħǱȽϸģʣҲɹʹȴƻԡ
ЩѧһûУڹؼûС
ڵ֣ȱľڹؼе˵ӣϰȭһڹؼټϹʱ佫ڸһЩסĵӣôֵսһ̨ס
˵Ԫ汾˵رڹؼõ֮󣬻Ԫ漱ȱһŹֶΣгֵ书ǹֶΡ
ֻҪȡһԪսΡ
̾ϢһԼµֵӻҪȴȽԼıȥչǰɡ
ֿ˿ѡĶǲر𣬳Ʒ͹֮⣬Ȼһʮ޺ؼ
ֵ󷨣Ҳ书һʽһȺ书֣ǾȻ档
ⱾؼԪ΢΢ЩԥҪҪŬȥȡⱾ޺ؼأ
֮£Ȿؼ̶ӦЩ书ؼ֮ϣʮ޺󷨣ԿԽȼսˣ˵ɽ֮ҲΪ
³鵽Ȿؼʱȴɲó
ʮ޺ûУõҲòϣһ书ؼʵڡ
Ԫ滹Ƿȡʮ޺ؼ뷨
ϵͳĹɣر׼ȷԼȡҲδسȡĵ
Ԫ潫Ŀ䵽˹档
Ԫ淢֣ҵĶûҲǺҪģΪǸɲر׼п䵽ԱߵλϣһԱƷҪԾͲԶˡ
Ĵ󽱣ȴƣұ޺ȭ
ȥԪǱȥϾȥҲûʲôա
׼λãԪ濪ʼùС
һ·ɱӿ쵽ؽӽ˴󽱡
ԪţɴͲˣĬĬصȴĳȡ
˴Լʮ룬ϵͳʾ齱
Ԫ΢΢̾Ϣһôͽˣֺʹʧ֮ˡ
ֻϣûеõ󽱣ҲҪõ̫Ķͺˡ
۾һԪĿһȻ


057 Ƿ
Ԫ۾һһ͵󽱵λϣͣ˴ȴ
ͷ˵ʲôζ
ȴƹȻһŸƷѡϣȡ޺ȭ
ԭ޺ȭͰȭͷȥ磬ֻȭ֮һ
ȴҪļǲơѹơȽַе̫ζɱرǿԲдȱ֮ơ
ϵͳԼɮȥȱеװ
ЩƵȡ˽ƷôԼĵһѧ˵
ϤٴνԺȴƵʩչȫᡣ
ǵȻԪ˴ȴ֮žϲط֣ԼŴȴѾﵽһ൱ֲĳ̶ȣǼ侫Ʒ־˾޴ļӳ֣Ѿʹȱôմ߶ˡ
ʱ˴ȴƵ߾磬ҹԪٺһЦܺã¶̨ʼ֮󣬱ضǳƶɮĴȱֶΡ

ʮ壬ˬǷصĴ±С̯
±ĵطһģǽ쿪ʼĵǷޡ
̨ɣɣɣð˸޴ԲľŴĳУŪĺϲ졣
̨ǵǷױдĶ
дѣȭɽ쵻
д㵽Ϊֹ߱
мдšǷޡ֡
صڵǷؼеʮ·ڴƿѾ·ֹǰС
ʱ仹ûΧѾɽ˺Χ˸ˮйͨ
±ģЩˮģСԵģ׷׾£˹̯ӣԿ̨䣬׬Ǯ
ǣеרƲ̯ӣרˣϣһ̨һˣչһԼ⣬ĳ˶ˣ￪̿ڣѺһʤҲѺĽ
Һġ
һֱ˵ңйٱά򣬱Ͼⳡ̨Ǿ˹ٸ׼ģһҪάֵġ
ٸĹٲ˳ӣΧ۵˲׼̨֮ڡ
ֻЩٲƺЩ׵ģҲ֪ô¡
ٲάһΧȺĲˣ¶Ǳߵ˵ˡ
̨ԱߣС߲μӴ˵Ϣ֮һ
¶˷׷·ָָ˵ʲôĶС
ǰ¶ڵǷԵǲģ˴ޣֳ֧¶˿϶ǲ٣һβһˣ¶Ҫ´ޣͲˡ
ʲôطǷӵʥأ¶ˣҴµ⣬ܶ˶϶˳¶ͷβʲô³ġ
ֵһ䷽ɣ˼ôı£ʲôͲȴһĳǽһͰڵǷ˵ļﶼŷܶ˱Ѿһ䷽ɰ˻
ҳ¶ͷ¹һ𣬸ǲģʲôطɹĵط﹩Ķãڿʱ˿ҪѾﵽ˼£¶ǹᣬʲô
Գ¶̨ȻǶԸǵͷ΢Цȴûʲô˸Ц
һ˴Լʮһɫʿ󱳽м䣬¶ҡ
ɫɫʿ߰ݶУι״
һ·ڵﴦ׼£ͻȻڵʩҷǱߵƺλúһЩȥǱ߰ɡ
¶ԥһ£Ǳµǹȥðɡ
˰֣ʲô˵ģﶼ࣬ȥǱߣ߾ͺˡ
¶һǸˣֵص˵ͷһйҪߵλȷʵһȥǱ߰ɡ
ǣʦ壬µһ
ǳ¶ʦ壬С֮ĩĶˮУ¶ʣһʦֶǵԽԽСˣҪΣΪһǵ˵»л𣿴ӽ쿪ʼ־Ҫɽгˣ㻹ں𣿡
ǣʦ壬ǣ룡
¶ѵһҿԣԹԵǰ·һߵ˶ﴦ
ǵûжãµڵˡ
Ҳ٣һյЩרѧĺ⣬е˶ˡ
ʮ׼ҵӵĴӵ£Ԫм䣬ԱйɽºպһǸţɽݣ֮¶Щ˵ƴˡ
˵Ⱥ治Ϸͻ
һʦúñŶӮԺһҪȥֻԸء
ɣŶֱʤ
Ⱥ֮еĻƵƵʾ⡣
ĥĥߵﴦȴ˳¶Ѿռ
Ʒɺ˹ȥԳ¶ǵιطˣǵĳǱߡ
ԱصǱӶ࣬ǴĲϰߣǹȥɡ
ƾʲôǵĵطͶ˵ģǸϽȥղҲվǻ
һ˵׼ҵǷ׷ĸ˵Ǳ߳¶Ҳʾ¶첲ӵվֵӶš
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ߵȺǰ棬˿ƷɺղӣЦһëͷСӣҲڷүǰҰϽȥû˵ķݶ
ֵͿ˳ˣһжڱ󵷵ֳԼһƷɺղӾܲˡ
ƷɺǸƢһȭ˹ȥ
ЦһƷɺȭŹ򲻴ԼͲˣһֵƷɺȭͷһ˹ȥ
û򵽻Ʒɺ裬Ǳţһ죬̩ɽѹһȭԴ˹ȥ
æţȭͷȴͻȻһʹȻղһš
뻹֣ţٴһȭòոһƷɺڿ׼ᣬȥһĶ⡣
žһ죬ðѪ˿
ˣȭŶأĬûлֵĻͱˣ۹ֽУԺʲôأϣ
滹мµĺУǵһģΧ³Կˣ׷׳
ţϲľֳ棬ЩҲǺڣȭҲǶôţ˫һ죬ֱץסһӣʱҵһƬ
˵˲ҪҷӣǱ߲еҲסˣ͵վ
һǱµҲȫ˼ƣҪ֡
Ⱥĳ֣ʽ̨ûʼ߾Ҫһƴ


058 ȴ
Ƿ̨ûʽʼ߾˳ͻڴ֡
кڵĸ֣ȻڻƷɺ裬ղӺţ³˿
棬ʵţţ츳£ȷʵö㣬ҪӦˣƷɺղӻǴ͵ģӵĺ͵ϮƹȻҲŵ֡
ҪǶˮ˻ǿסǳסҲкܶ࣬¶Į˫
˶Ǻڶ壬һֺϻս֣Ҳδʤǳ¶һĿǰĶ
˶Ǻö֮ˣҪ򣬷׷ͷȻֱԷĺַһ䡣
ǴҲǺ⡣
Ԫ濴ԼЦһֹ̧Ա߹ɽºɽ֧Ԯǿŵλʩ˵زѪ
Į˫ϴȵͺ¿˵ʲôƨүүȥ
ƶɮʹҲǼ棬һ˵
Ԫ˵ţƮƮһˣ㿪Į˫ӭĹͷ
λʩپƶɮѾһˡ
û뵽ԪṦ˵ãٶ죬Լ˵һȻ½ǶûЩ壬ǻǼͳ壬ŭͺ¿ߣṦʲô
Ԫ濴Է˫ҺԼԴﰵȴҲκβƶɮ
δ䣬ѹͷԼͷҡ

ΪһѹͷڻԪԴϱӡû¡
һо˾ˣеԴδ̫Ӳ˰ɡ
Į˫Ǳɵˣ⡭Ҳ̫˰ɣѵȥϰٽȻͷƤûһ顣
ԪǱ߿ţӷƶɮѾ˶λʩУǻ𣿡
Į˫Щˣ໥һۣû˵Ѿ⡣
ʱں˵һ䣺λע⣬ͷɹͷ
ԪͷڵǷѾʲôˣţڻԪԴϿһûκ˺Ŀõġ
˫һۣһΣٴι˹
һΣԪ滹ûж㣬ԭشһڤ粻飬ô򣡡
һ𣬶˶ǳ¶һģȻһ˱ĵ°ĭʵء
׵Ī˫ȻҲͷĿѣһʱʧȥж
ԪڵʵһʨӺѾ˥ߣֻǲܳðˣһ𽨹̷ǰƶɮѾУŽ̲ģƶɮ첻òǳһЩͷˣϣƶɮĿġ
Ҳ˶ԷǰԪ˫һڣȴơ
Į˫ûָܵȥȴԪץסһһһʹ岻¶ס
ոһԪ˫ְס˵ͷ͵ط߾
ԼһޱȾ޴Į˫ֻоԴѹһɽصȥ
䡱һ죬˵ԴȻҵ˵£ͷ½ϣԴһı
ȥһ߶
Ȼשʯ棬ֵģÿ챻˼̤ؼӲ̶Ȳʿ֪ȻôӲĲȥˡ
󻬵ĶûУ
ǴȴƵİ־ǴȱƷļӳ֮󣬾ʹﵽ
Ԫ滹һ˫ֺʮӷ𣬶λʩ̲ƶɮֻʩͣϣǶܾʹȻɡ
һ֣סڳˡ
ɽڣȻʰҲɣȴԪд⡣
һһܽڵʰزʱðģĵأ
᲻һıأ
ҶĿɿڴʱ򣬻Ԫ˵ˣȻЩʩϲøǰɣæһֺηﳤǽڣʼʣǳ˾ͲˣǵǱȥ
Ԫ˵ɴȱ
˵Ժ˸ŻԪĽŲһ˱صǽڵµȵĮ˫
¶ͷԵվһθоԼƺܾܿʹա
ҲӣãȻȻǶ̨ѾʧȥģЩ֪ˡ
Ψвлѣŭ˳¶һţʲôأȥ˸γ
һţ¶ѹżԼһʦλʦ˵ˣԮء
һ˿ϣæк˹ȥˡ
һЩæҵĳȥ˳һһһȣ˫۽ϾźӣĮ˫ܲһӵ˳
˶ѪӸоһ㣬ľͳڸǺ͹ˣҲ֪ǻ
Į˫Ĳ״Щﶼ̲סҪֵķɣҲдȱȸƨı
ԱᷳĻ˻֣˽ȥ
Ȼⲻʽ̨ǲӰ̨һʤԼһʧԱ󽫣ַɿֲʵòһ˿η֮С
һԼǰԼˣܴùǸ

Ԫ˵һһߵ߶˹ﲻ֪ʲôʱһȣ߸Ԫȷߵʦ֣ղŴõʲô书
ʣΧ˶˶䡣
ɹȻֱߵģֻײְˣһֿǾ춯ذ
Ԫ潫˹Լ£ſڵȴơ
⡭ȻǴȴƣ˶¶ɵɫ
ԪҲǶͣ뻳ͳԼĴȴؼǰȻһ£ɣֻҪ֮˭ãҾͻᴫڸƷ
˵ﶼ¶⣬¾ģһҪúϰѧյ÷ɿУϰôָѧ
ԪҲǰԽңսȷʵкܴɷ֣Į˫ʵǿֻʵǿûͷҲǰ״
ԼṦ㿪ǵĵй˼ɣͷӲһǾ岻ͻȻʩչʨӺסǵ񣬲һ֡
⻹ԼĴȴѾľ޴Լ𺳵Ч
ԼظһθղŵḶ́ġ
Ȼ¶һѾԼסˣûʲôⷢһ̨䣬ԼһѾӮˡ
ȴƣԪ沢״ڡ
ȱƷʲÿ˶ҪģԼʹڣҲǴڸЩʺϵˣЩ׼ҵǣںʹȱֻԶԶ߶
˼ʱǱõ˳ˡ
õʱֻ̨֣俪ʼġ
Ƿ̨˥һսҪʼˡ


059 ţ
Ƿ̫үǸӣҡҡλε̨ǰ
̨ƵǱȽȱ£ų̂ףֻоŸľ׮ԭţÿľ׮߸ߣ̨Ļֻľ׮һ̫׾ˣϲȥ
Ҳǽһɫˣ̨ޣȾҪʾҪǿ̨ϲʲôޡ
ڸ˵⼸ľ׮ǰ裬ĸǲм̨סӻľ׮ģǡϷɣϴڣǲԵӡ
ľ׮̫үЩѶ̫ˣԼ޷ȥġ
ʱҲˣʵ޷ֻõһͷ㹦ǿȥǷ̨ʼ
Ƿ׼ش˾ٰǷޣ¡˫ǩ״Թʧһ˳ɽ¶ľ¥ׯ̵Ȳҵ㷨һע֮ڣ˫оųȶʤ峡߼Ӯʤÿλμӱȶˣֻ̨ܵһΣظϳڿʼ
ͷ̨۵ĹǺûɵ֮Сȥ
̨棬һ仰û˵ֲȥֻ󺰵ΪǷһȷ̨սԵһսһ˵ǳһ˵ǳ
˵Ժ󣬲ͷߵȺ治ˡ
涨ϾǷս˵ǳӦõġ
˵ĻٳԿһЩΪԷԸɵʵӦİţʤܶࡣ
涨ˣ͵ȳ¶ǱϳˣԪǲյ￴š
˵Χ£¶ǱȴûܸղŻԪĴЩʧȥˡ
أ
ιµģôսû˸ҳˡ
еĻֱ䣬Ҳûʲô˵ġ
Цϴ¶Ǳߵ׳ܲסѹɳ˵һ̨ˡ
ԪһۣһС
̨棬һԾ䵽˵ľ׮棬żһ㣬ϵ˵߸ľ׮֮ٴһ㣬䵽̨֮ϡ
Ṧһ㣬ջǺܶ˸ˣϾ̶Ҳһˡ
µˣԪ˷£㲻ˣһﱨĻرǿ¶˥̶ܵȣı·Ҫ¼ɡ
ղŵĻУҲ˿ôͻϳˣɼһֵĳ޴ﵽʲô̶ȡ
Ԫ߿˿Ǻڶ壬ԼһܺһսģԼ⣬Ҳǹɽ£ɽԼպˣţ˵ʤ
̨Ժ󣬸ҫĶߵһ䣡ٴȱķŰ࣬޶Сˣҷµ˽زƶɮ˶ϡ
Ԫ濴ûģ治ֵԼ֡
ԥ˭ϳţȴվ˳ԻԪɣղҴû򵽣ȥٺ
Ԫԥһ£Щò⡣
ţһԪ濴óҲ书Ȼţûпֹ书ӻǿóġ
ƾ츳ţʹûҲսڼҸ֣ǶϺڶԪ治֪ܲӮ˵ûʮյġ
ԥʱͻȻһöŮУɣţȥܴǸϺеġ
Щ졣
ԪѭȥֻԶĵطһһŮӣ񻣬ɴĿ
ȻɴԪ滹һϳˣ
ԱߵģǸŮСˡ
Ȼ˵ֹͨˣǵĻһЩܽŪģͨˡ
һۣԪңңش˸ףŮôˣ
ҲԻԪʩȻͽ˳ڣ⿴ϾС䶼òŮӣв㡣
Ԫ治֪ݣҲȥ˽⣬֪Ŀģţ£Ϊʲô
֮һֱûٳֹţҲһ֪ԪҲ޴˽⡣
Ҫͷ´̨ˣҪһţǳԪ룬Ϊ¿С
ÿͨţ书²һǵݣȻԼڽ֪࣬ߵĹɽºɽϽˣӦܿһ
ͷţȥɣҪСģԼƣҪͶԷСĶԷڼ
ţͷӦ̨ȥ
ţṦУκȳֿܼһһľ׮ֱӳ̨
ȻЧʲ;й֮
ƴƣӿȥ򵥰üһǿͬСɽİٽ˰ɡ
̨ţһղžΪһĽԼƣӦű͵Ϯɹġ
ƺûֻҪԼСһЩӦڼڸȡʤġ
̨ǵˣҲûκηϻǻײһžشһ
һŸоţѲֳռƣҲѸ٣ԼѿǰȴǱþ档
пŵп֣˶УֻǸоǸӺͣȭͷֵĺͷ糵࣬һҡ
ǸϺҲܼͦǸӲӲ˻û¡
˴ú¡¡죬Ҫ϶ܿð
ЩϰգԪҲһһ㶵ģоˮƽţĴȭֻ֮м֮ûл֮ˡ
ȻԪ治ڵʵûѹ׵Ķţ֮£ֻ¾Ϳóˡ
Ȼţһȭִܹ򷨣һȦ⣬˫һ֣ɵˣү·
˵ֻ꣬ƶЩɫԺ͸ղŲͬˡ
ɰƣ
ɽԱ˵һ䣬ɫء
ɰƻԪ֪ɱǿƷӲһ֣ܲףǰɮ棬ҲкܶƷڹ޴ţ鷳ˡ
Ǻڶ壬ͷϹȻе
ԪأԶŮٴδţһ
˶ȥֻǸ֮ϣСվ˫ճͲ״ţ󺰣עĿ
СһֻСִĵС½ǣƺСʱо̫Ůӵˡ
̨ϵţСغ˵ͷһ㶡죬һĸֱ޾ôק˳
ֲţƽʱ²ģҲĹĵģԭ滹ôһɱ
ۣôıޣԱ׼ҵСеģһûӡ
Ԫݺݵصһۣ˵ûŵģ仰ôôᡣ


060 С
ϺУոɰƵļƣûüʩչ⵽ţֱ޵һ֣һӣѪĵ̨ͷ³ȥˡ
Ҳ̨䣬伫˼Ҷˣ㻹һ˫ƣﵽ˻Ԫ߾ҲУƫƫɰƻǸӣ㲻˭
ʧܣǱߵĲͷƷ֣һʤһһ㡣
ţŴɵЦԪ
ǱС̽ͷţӣģȱˣҺСȥֿ㡣
⻰ûʲôûԪҪȥָʲô
ţʤһƶԷһ
ǱߵˣڵϳϣܴӦԡ
Ԫ濴˿Լһߵˣպеպʦһ˰ɡ
ӷӦġ
պ˵ͷ߳̨ϣһԾֱ˵ľ׮ֱ֮ϵ̨֮ϡ
һṦͱȸղǿ࣬һƬк
ǱߵɫһǿǲǺˡ
ǱǿĶˮУҲǸڶѣϳҲδʤС
¶ɫʲôʱֶһأ
պ̨ţƶɮ̨ɽԺպλָ̡ͬ
֣Ǳ߸ľ̨ɽԺɱǿˣˣôǷȭأ
ȱĲֹԼһ
ǹ鵣ǣǵϳвʱѰңҲûԼԮ֮һҧϣ
ҲֻˣȻǶˡ
߳̨ϣҲһԾֱϵ˵ڰ˸ľ׮Ȼ̨
Ԫ濴ϳϲǡ
ϲǶԷĵһֳˣ֮ûʲôǿսˣǵպ²ǲеĶ֡
̨֮ϣ˿֮֡
ţĽֺһͲͬˣԿ죬пʼҲûýպҲǿ֣ȭƽѷѽ⡣
һ̽ȡԼĶˮպҲóһ
սͿˡ
еĿ콣ʤպһʮӺһպļ
պûв̨
ֻޣΪ
Ǳ߲ͷƷ֣˫ƽһһ
Ȼµ˰һ֣ȴһ㶼˲Ϊʣ棬õóֵѾˡ
¶ڶģǵһˡ
ǳ¶ĻЩƻͺ¿϶ɸӭսһԼһ޿֮ˣ䶨ˡ
岻ʱȺͻȻһ¶ҵ˼ææ˹棺үϵʦˣ
¶Ͳжվæܹȥӭӡ
ʿ󸺽˹мæǰ񣺡мλʦ֡
¶Ҳ¿ͷ¶ߵʦߵʦߵʦ壡
һЦŷһ²УֶԳ¶ɡ
ллʦ
˵˵ЦЦ˷һ˼æ
ˣǱҲˣɽɫأԻԪɣ¾б䰡
⼸˭
Ǹ۵ģǽСһı׽ׯ٣Ѿﵽ˺Բľ磬ʦҲֲ١
ԪҲüͷһ壬Ȼ˸Բ±ˡ
ɽָָǸ۵ģǸǳ¶ʦСڶĿ罣ԶҲѾﵽ˺ڶ壬Ѳ
Ǹ۵ǸС罣ʵԶ࣬ڸղŵǳĲ֮ϡ
ԪҲ鼬ʵĶڲ֮ϣ̨ôˡ
ɽ¼ڽպգĴ֮һ߽칦ĵӣ칦ʮǰ죬´ĸӣһԴǣСһսɱɽħһսǻɽħа죬֮޶С֣춼Ͻɽħնɱʹ˳ɾ
ɱ죿ԪЩš
ǵģĸһ𳤴Ĭ֮ͻɽħһսսһҹһսɡ
Ԫ˵ͷû˵
ɽһӦ֮һϳһϳԷǳǺԶôɽսׯϳʦȥһ
Ȼ˵ǺԵܿɽЩˡ
Сճһȫ̼ƻˣɽ¶û˱ʤġ
ϻԪȴ˰֣޷ȿ˵

С۵Ƿ⣬˺ܶ˵עС䡣
С°ͣС㣬鷳ˣĸϼһˣһҪˡ
ƿɴ¶ǵĽգҲɫǰһҲǸɺǸϺһս֮ǸɽҲˣȥǼ־ûõóֵˣǷǱ߻кüڣⳡսôˡ
ҪǽϷֶ˽ɣԸЩڻûġ
ҡҡͷУֶһ¶棬ͻᱻ˼ҸϳԲϳ
ô찡ֲ䣬ǻָȥأСָͷ
ϣǸķܹٴ漣ɣʵڲеĻϣ
ʲôС㡭ϣˣү֪˻ɱҵġСŵûʧɫ֡
Ҳϻʲô취ų̂ɽ˶֣϶ҲĿĵģҲ¿ܺǵĿһģϾ˵ϢʱҲ̨ɽڳ
ҲһǸϢôģҲСжϳǶկɽɽϣ˭õ
Цһ£ѽˣһģ´˶ǣ뵽ģҲһ뵽
ʹڣСҲϳЩ˶ǹģһ˵ô죬вУԲУҲϣ㲻ȰŶҲ³ġ
С̬ȼ̾Ϣһȿɣֻܼ֣ҾͲȥʵڼֲסˣҲסҵġ
˵䣬Ǳ߷Ѿ˵ǳˣǳ¶ʦ罣Զ
Զ̨£ڿնֱ̨
Ǳ߶ʱһƬ
ɽˮ·һ尡ղŻһƬƲھˣСһµȫʤˡ
Զ̨ԺԾӸµ̬һλʦĳ˹أ
Զŵ̬ȣԪ氵һĵƨС֮ˣԸһаʿҲҪΧʲôӢۡ
ʱԪѾȫԼҪִȺŹɵģͷ˿ղӵղӣϣ


061 
˻ԪķԸںյղһ·ƵĶԻԪɣ˵ʲôȥԸǸˣ
û㡣
ղ̾ͿɣⲻаɣǸһĶ̨ܶԸİ
ұҲûԸ
ղˣԼԸôԼȥʲô
ԪЦЦղ֣
ղӼæȥԪĶĵ˵˼䣬ղ¶ϲɫƵƵͷظɷģҵǿ֤񡣡
ȥɣ
ղ̧ͷͦص뿪һ̨ȥ
̨ϣղ˼ĭ
˶עĿۿ뿴ղǫ̂ģϾ̨ӵ̨Ͼͺܿһ˵Ĺߵˡ
Ŀ֮£ղӴһ͵һܣ߶ߣȻסһӣֽŲãʼ
Ⱥ汬һôЦֵӻȤȻôһ̨ķʽ
̨ϵĿ罣Զ¶ŭɫɳΪԼĶֱ֣ǶԼС衣
⣬ղ̨ԼֱһŽȥ
òղ̨ˣķҾȻתͷȥԶ
λ±²ֻϰȭܽУǱˡ
ԶֽղӴ̨أղһ˵ЦƾҲ䣿
䲻Բ֪ˣ
ղ˵꣬첽ǰȥһȭ
Զ۾ĵһղӵһȭ
ղӽһǰȣ߸ԾƷǳ
ԶһСղӵһǰ
ղӴһŸ˫ǰ죬ĳ
Զͷػһ֣ղӵ˫ƵȻн𣿡
ղһصĺ˼ԺԶһȭðɣҳĹ֮ϣⳡˡ
˵ԺղתܣںԶûӦ֮ǰ̨
˿Ŀɿڴ˰Ÿոսû
صﴦղӶԻԪɣҵˡ
Ԫ˵ͷòٲǺܶ
ԶһʤǷǱȴûһˣΪѾ˻ԪսԣĴ򷨣һһΪԺӮơ
Ҳкܶ࣬Զһ̯ڣʿźȲ裬Ⱥܼ£Ȼ˸ҿߡ
һЩصʿʦ֣²ˣСһǾûֵܹˡ
һ곤ЩصʿҡҡͷԣΪ֮һ
ʦ֣ɣһ;ų䣬κһġ
ʦܣܶ鲻ֻ棬ǸַɳأǱ߲ûиˣߵǸϺҾͿ͸ο˸ǾԵĸ֡
ʿЦЦʦ֣δ̧̫ˣŶͣϷδ书һߣղǱߴĮ˫Ϊ˶Ҳû˭֪ʲô
곤ʿһۣ֪ʲôĮ˫ôױܵһ㣬ûעɣƺʦ˵ǸغЩƵĵط
ʿһ£ɣʦ˵Ǹ书Ѵﻯˣôɣ
һƣʦ˵ǸҲᡣ
ʦ֣Ļǿ·һδӮ¾ǵĸ󻼣Ӧþȥǡ
ʿһ˿ɱ
Сǰ׸ģǶһӮѾв˹ȻãӮҲɣǻͼ֮ȹ۲ǵĵϸ˵
ʿ˵ͷȻֿ˿Զ곤ʿʦ֣Ůƺ
֪ͲҪȥ⡣
ʿ¿˿곤ʿЦٺ٣ʦ֣ʵǹ˶ȻɴţǾͣʦܾ͸ȷǸ˶
ʦܣȻҲҰ£ǺôҲǳˣǽЩĺãҲ֪˲ǧûŻһɧΪһֱûг׽ɽƿأڵһЩѾ飬ΪͷۣʱǧҪ֦
˵Ժ󣬵ʿֿ˿Ů˲򵥣ûעΧʮʿȻŲͬҲƺڿ̨ǽϢڸǲסģЩվλнԿҪ·߶ˣȻǳ˵Ļɴ˿ɼŮá
곤ʿ˵ʿЩ̾ȴҲҷ
곤ʿֵҪ˼ˣҪģŪַǲʦ쿴ĺУϿȥʦǵĻôԸֲҪģǧΪ
ʿӦţЩԸ뿪ˣߵʱ򻹲ʱ鼸ۡ

ٴʧһһȴûʲôĸصȴɷԸ
ǶһʧĻôЩˣԪһҲܽ
ԼɽºɽˣһҪڹؼĵطŤתǬʹԼʤˣôҲӮĳһǳؼ
˼ʱһںԻԪʦ֣һɡ
Ԫͷһһۣû˵
ʦ֣ϳԷСٳһ˵ĻʹˣҲֵˡ
Сأ
˳ʦδػܣ
һնԪһ
ʱԼչ˵˾һˣһҲһϰţԼͷؼؼˣҲ֪ʱĽôˡ
ȻһֱûѧϰڹһսӦҲܲȥҲ޷
һҪСģˣооͷ
һ˵ͷ̨
һ߿һϳоó¶սһ
ϾСѾѾϹˣʣҪԸָ֣һ˷ˣų¶ڵʵҲ㹻ˡ
߿һϳԪ汾սǲһͷȴţ֪ʲôʱȻˡ
ѰҶûУԪȺ濴ȥ
ţ̫ˣʱͷȺ滺
Ԫ治֣ʱţȥʲô
ʹţĸĸδػᱳ֡
ȻԪ֪ţʲôˣɼûҲû˸ȥΪͻȻоȥĻʲôġ
һţҲ֪ʲôôţйȥԵĻᱻԼ֣ᱻֵΪʲôҪأ
̽ƶɮѾͷ㻹˵㡣
ԪɴĿбӣȻèץǱֵȴƺţȥ
ǱҲĵƿһӣŮ͵͵Ԫ棬ﶼЩ
С㣬ûпɣ
ˣں΢΢̾ϢһϹ˳׵ƾǰٰƣ磬ԷȻҲ㳤ʶˡ


062 ʤ
̽ԪûеõԤеЧԽΣţԵʱţȥɣҾ㣬ԺúõĴ֣УǷɵߣȸһŮǿˡ
ţ˵ͷС㣬Ҳϲ¡
ȥɣԺ㣬ǣԭ޹ϵˡ
ţͷӦ
ȥ֮Ƿɣ˵һǽ̨ʤ֮ҽǰ뷽ɽ󡣡
ţǵͷȻʵС֪Ӯ
̾ϢһͿǷɵ˼ˣӮӮ
ţٴζʩȻתߡ
ͻȻֽסˣڻɽ𣿡
ǵģһֱںɽ׼ҵӾȥɽϰ䣬ҲܿԼԲ⣬ιˡ
ΪˣǧҪǺѧĳ˲źãлỹҪȥ
ţҲ֪СΪʲôͻȻֻϻˣֻٴεͷʩ뿪
صﴦԪ濴ţϲɫӣʵţܿģ
ǰɣСԺһֱֲػȥˣ˵ҿˡ
С㵽ǿĺܡ
ԪЦЦԼϹȻ
˷ɣС˵ˣʲôŪף뵱̣˵ǴӮԺȥ㡣
Ԫ˵ͷҲ֪«ﵽʲôҩ

̨ϵѾ˰ȻԪ涼û뵽һ书ȻѾﵽ̶ȣܺͳ¶൱ˡ
ԣһѾһЧһķȭѾﵽڻͨĴɵزͶ㶼ʦ緶ȭ֮䶼иɻֶԳ¶ȣȻࡣ
ڹȻʹǳ¶ȴѨŹȻûңһķȭսȻش·硣
㲻˼ҵѨ¶ƾͷӲԽԽļһҧͻȻȦ⣬һڣʮȸ˷ֱһȥ
ǳ¶İأʵΪãƽʱʹУǱһƼˣò˳
ԷһƬȸˣһҲûоţת˴󲿷ֵȹ
ǻһһһһ˶ͷ
ϺϵãʲôҪͷһһ͵֣סͷϵȸˣƺҪεӣָѾѪ磬Щɢĸо
СУܲƾȭܰұƵ̶ȣϧֽעҪˣһɣ
˵Ժ󣬳¶ǰƸ߾٣Ҫһ¡
Ŀ罣ԶͻȻʶԣԳ¶ȵͽСģǺʹթ
˵ʱѾˣһﾫһŶͷͻȻݺһȭԺ׼ĳ¶ǰ
ءһ죬¶Ѫص˳ȥһֱ̨ϲͣ
㡭ΪΣ
¶ָһ˵
һǰͷϵȸ˰ֻͷֻвһС˿ڣûд󰭡
¶Ӧ֪ͷǷɵĶ书˽֣һ㣬ȣҲ޻˵˰ɡ
˵һֽȸӰȻһţ¶ֱ̨
Ǳ߳¶ʦǰ̨µĳ¶סˤ
ۣ
׼ҵǱ߱һĻһСʦ̫ˣȻ˺ڵĸ֡
һʹصһܵӢ۰ĽӴ
һսһֽ꣬ȷְص˶ȶٴɱ˶ԷҪԱ¶ڷһߣɿһսֻб׽ׯ٣罣˶ѣԼⷽзɡһͻˣĹҲôⳡ̨ʤˡ
ȻⳡԺ罣಻סˣޣһս
ߣ߳ŭϧѾûлˡ
ԪС˼䣬Ȼͷޣˣ
лɣ
ɽҳ˻ޣսӲûиı䣬ЩȵȲˣۿһĶ֣ǰսˡ
ɷԸɽΨַɷڣӦһ֮󣬳Լĺ첽̨ȥĳ̨Ҳ罣˵һϻֹʹ
Ͱ
Ԫں̾Ǹ罣ڵĳֻŵ̾ͱɽȥһ
Ȼ̨սһ罣޷ɽĺƣ·磬ʧֻʱѡ
ԪȶɽһʤԼһʤһϳԷׯԳʤ˶һ
ӮˣԼһԼ͹ɽ¶ˣһ⡣
ˣôԷҲҪɳһֻҪׯ٣Լ߹ɽ³Կɻʤ
ׯٳôɽӦҲܻʱԼʤһɡ
ǷޣһۣǽɽŪ֣ԷСͻȻ֣ԼĲҺԼʱսԣһָԼһϲһֵķչˡ
̨ϵսûг̫ã˵Ĺ࣬ɽһǰɱ߱ģڿ֧˰ʱһɨɳ֮¸ɴ̨䡣
ˣǷһսѾʤ
ǱĿǰѾЩڱıԵˣȻׯûϳΪׯܻܻԪ档
Ͼղɵһָǵʵ̫ˡ
Ѿĵߣˮˣû¶ʣ°ԼЩȭ˻˭
ׯٱ̨һ棬ԼӮܸıʲôˣ̾Ϣһˣ¶ҲǾȡһЩƣҲһνѵɣܣͲһ뿪
ܾǿ罣Զ̨ʤȴҲһ룺ˣȳ¶˺ˣԼȥ߰ɡ
̸֮䣬ȻҲǶͽʧ֮
С־ǰǷ⣬ȴ飬ҲǴĶһӡ
СһߣʧȥĹǣɢˣգ֮䣬Щȭ˸һɶ
ֻʣ³¶ҵ˻зµС˻㿴ҿĲ֪롣
ԪڶؿһУãʧȥµˣһжƽȹˡ
ǱߵǷõ˽˷һü飬Ҳû˳Ӧ֪²Ϊˣɴֱ»̨ʤ
ǻȸԾʤνˡ
ܶԷĺһ䷽ɵ֣׷ǡ
Ԫ͸һһ΢Цʾ⣬ĿߣͻȻȺ֮УʿĿضԼ


063 Խת
ǼʿֻԪڿǵʱתʧȺ֮С
ǻԪȴǼ⼸ˣɽУֻɲеʿˡ
ͬԩңңǽɣͬɽУɡ»µĹϵ
ֻǵ¾һСûԸȥǰˡ
ڲͬˣ±Ԫ泹״壬ɽ棬ʣºˡ
ΪɽϴҲҰĵģ¾һֱǵĴѹ֮ûзչ¿ˣ¸ոðͷֵʱ
ǼʿĿ⣬ƺôƽͣԼгһûԪ衣
Լ緢֣Ԫ𵱳ȹӥһĻǸͷ죬һĻľпܾɵˡ
ĪϳԼ
ܡ
һжôҲˣ£ǾɽΨһɣܸӿٵطչ׳
ԪҲ£ҪʹɲԼ鷳ԼҲҪȥǵ鷳ϾҪΪµһɵģưɽֻǵһĿꡣ
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Щ»Ԫ涼Ʒɺȥˣû˼Щ档
̨֮󣬻Ԫͷ¡
صûжãͽ棬˵һŮʩȺɡ
Ԫ˵ͷĥһȥ

ˣڵľѾƣ쪷УҶڿд䵽ǰ棬ڵϸһơ
ԪŴ׵ĲЬҶϣɳɳ
ǰ棬һŮͤͤȹǷá
ĳԪɫ糣ߡ
ɴʦá
΢΢ʩᡣ
ӷﰲã֪ٴΪ£
ʦϴγɴʦ̻壬Ѿо˺ܶ࣬ѹҲûôˣֻǳȴҸ֮⣬һ³ò̡
˵䣬ɴȥڻԪǰòӦʲôˡ
Ԫ濴һۣڵɫƺЩ¡
ǵģȷʵΪѡ
ΪԼ
ԥһ£ҡҡͷΪԼ
Ϊˣ飬첻ϣѾ˫˿ǧǧᣬ²ɹء
Ҳ顣Ĵ
ծծûѶϣ²ѣƶɮһɡ
ͷǣԻԪľٴӼ֣᷽ɣ϶ƺ쳾ĸˣ̸֮Զôĳǻۣ򵥵仰ԼһȻԶҲûôˡ
һǰһΪȥμ̨䣬ŹرգҲûڣྲĺܡ
Ԫڣȼ򣬺ܿģζ˷һ㡣
£ԪҲŲϹҵĳ飬ŵùƶɮ԰ɡ
վԪʩȻ뷽ɴʦԭ³çǰţ֣ʵǲ˽ĵġ
˽ĲΪˣﲻ𡣡
лɡ
Ԫ˵һԪһҲôˣ¿ڵģʮǰһλɮɽ˵һӣܻһвʹܶſ٣ٶ֣཭Ѱңȴһ񡣡
һλɮ
֮ϣ֮У̲رҲͼԺǲģ£ԺȵȣͽҲǺܶ࣬ɮٵÿԪû뵽ɽﻹһλɮ
Ӿ͸ˣǷԪ滹ǵһ˵
ǵģλɮ򣬾˵ѧΪߣѾﵽڣʮǰɽаսʦսˣɽֻǲ֪ص㣬ӵҲǺġ
Щֺʲôϵ
겻֪ªҿհͷɽˮΣˮԶǣȪ紦
һСʫȻԻԪɣʫһżȻĻ·ֵģʱִʫˣмҸһЩʿа̨ɽԺԺ
ԪûƷζĻ
Ȳ˵ʫʲô⣬Ļȴ͸¶һϢ
ĵһʿûرᵽ̨ɽԺ˵ʲô
̨ɽĺоУ˵Ƿ̨˲û뿪ҪЪϢգԪҲͬˣƫƫᵽ㣬ͺˡ
ԪͲ²⵽պĿģֻǲ֪ʲôʼʱ򣬻Ԫ滹ΪǺɽƵҩ֪ڿƺô¡
ɮһӣ˵ȱ׷ѰʱǨӻûб˷֣ܿɽУֻǲ֪ʲôط
ڲ̨֣ɽĺҲ֣뵱ܿǶǱġ
ô֪أ
ѵԭСʫ
Ԫ濴һۣԻԪЦСûж˵ʲô
ѾͷЩЦԪ濴һ˿ϵζ
ȻװɮǻԪﲢһɮֻǰϵİȻ˵ԣһԼ൱Ů¶飬ȻҲһ˿ʤ֮ġ
ֻԪϾԲ¶һ˿һģЦЦǿƶɮˣӷƶɮĪ֡
Ԫ˼ҲЩ˼ǻǵǾʦϸϸƷζɣ˵࣬ʦˣ
Ԫûм˵ĬĬ߶ղŶСʫ
ϱӣԽתʲôģԪǸ֣һлᵱ籨ʲôĺгɾ͸Уû뵽лЩ
ϸһԪͻȻ۾һƶɮţ뵽һ֪Է񣿡
ȵصɴĿЩ
ʫѾãԼҲ֪ܾãһżȻĻ²ͨĹؼģôɻ˴̶ʱھأ
Ǿ뷽ɴʦ˵ɡ
ЩԪĶԲԡ
ԪﰵЦϲɫ˵һ仰
𾪣ޱȵ壬ԻԪɴʦ߲ţ硣


064 Ե
Ԫһһ֣ڶڶ֣֣Դƣǰɽߴһ䣬˼ɽĸߴ
𾪵ģԪЦЦƶɮ˵ò𣿡
˵̫ˣû뵽ô뵽еĹؼ
ɽߴΪɽߴկɽϣֻߵĵطںɽȥĻͱ뾭£Բ뵽֣ţֻϻ£Ѱӵڡ
ɣʵţ֪Щ飬ֻϻƣƺԵģһЩĶܹ֣ô£ϣҳӵڣǹôҲ¶ãлܴҳӵλãҾܽȡˡ
Ԫ˵ͷֻϻںɽĥ͵ҩԣ²Ѱӵˡ
ӶҪ
ԥ˺ܾãŵױҸףԷһӵܣǸҷǳϲҼǰ˻йһֱĳάţҪκͱıﳤɮӣӦƺ
㲻ϲ𣿡
ұǸΪ֪Լ岻ãϣϣк󣬿ҸϲܼǶһԼֻҪ֮κϵĺʹӦҽԼҲȥѰƺķ
ԭˣ
ԭΪ֡
Ԫƶɮ룬㻹ǲ̫ǣܶ鲻ǿǾܵģȻɽӣôҲɲˣżƶɮȥɽѰңڸס£Ϣˣƶɮ֪ͨ㡣
룺ɣҲãҵģ̨ɽ˻һҵӡ
ĺˣҲġ
ԪѾɽߵĵطǸضԱߵĴʯͷôҲʯͷ棬˵ӵĻĿܣǸض
ڵضԪûõԼòģΪǸͷĴڡ
ϣԪҲ̫ʧֵʵɲؽȫϣе棬Ȳ˵ǷʵڣʹУҲδؾһܹƺǸ˵ĺƺķֹһ֡
ǸеڤƵĺڤɽɲĶžѧϰʮ꣬ôûġ
ˣ޲ɽ֮޲ɻ֮ֻûѰԷˡ
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Ԫ˵ҲĻϲ
˶̽ټϻԪһֱֵĶĪ⣬һôѾŻԪˣ˵ȻҲҪˡ
Ѱѯһ䣺ǲ֪仹кηɻڤƵĺ
Ԫ붼û룬ֱӴɻһк
ʱ˫۷⣬ԻԪɣ˵þǴ˵еľ澭˵Ԫ𣬾澭Լᣬû뵽ϾȻҲ˵澭澭һǴĦʦ֪ģ
Ҳ澭
ţ澭Ǵ˵еѧ䣬˵ǰһɹ书˺ѧһκͰ׷ѪħսбɱҲǶһˣ˵Ļᣬ֮ѧľ澭ƣɴ˿ɼѧ̶ȡ
Ԫ㶣Ȼֵ֪˵澭ơָͨǴ󷨡䡢ʲôģ
룺ееûơû
ԪһЩˣû뵽ϣȻҲԼǰ֪ĸֲѧ
ȻкܶѧԼû˵Ҳк֪ܶģ֮ﲢԼеô򵥣ʹзϵͳ֣ȡ˾ѧԺҲ÷û֡
룬ԪѾǺü׷Ѫħˣ׷Ѫħʲô򣿴ﵽ˺̶ֳȣ
׷ѪħţϰѪӰ񹦣񹦴ɺͷ׷ѪɫۣΪƢŹ֣ɱ֮Уʮɽ֮ս׷ѪħǱߣ֮ѰټżֶһƬѪȷ磬ֻ֪Ϊʧˡ
˵꿴˿Ԫ棺澭Ǵ˵ҲȷǷڣֻܽϣڷϣϣΪѰһ֮
˵ٴӯӯ°ݡ
Ԫ治Щͷ¾ôԼͷˣ
Ҫάֻ֣ǶԵжԵԵлʦɳţ˵ȻԵҪ˽ҲȻһĥѣֻҪļгɹ֮ա
ͷ̣ܽлָ㣬ɽɽ¿ջסÿ˳ҲȴɵĺϢ
Ԫ溬ЦĵҲãҲգǲǸøǮˣοƶɮεȰ㣬ҷɵݣ㲻Ӧ˼˼
ǿϧǣⷽƺӦܳٶۣҲΪԼǸɮ½ǮԼԴͷβû硣
ֱ뿪Ԫų̾һ
ŮˣСۣȻΪҲգҲӦóһҾء

֪ɫԪҡͷ̾Ϣţ뿪Ժ׼ȥͻȻӰĵشԶ߹ȥ
˭
ҹ䣬µ˲࣬е˻Ԫ涼ϤϰѧĶۣϻϢˣһ㲻ô߶
裬ڰĹ۲죬Ż谵¹⣬־Ȼպˡ
̨ɽĺйģǽǵӰһһ߿һ̿ģ
һʹһ̨ˣڻЩ飬ǿȾָģ
Դ˵ӣԪû㽻ȥǸӺ͵ضڵĵҩֻԼģֶòߣοĺС
ɽȥˣʹҵӿҲпֺܷɽĵضУҵøȥ
⣬ԪʩչṦȣڶ˵ɽȥ


065 ʦ̫
պһ·Сɽǰȥ
ǲСģԴ֮պԽûס
ǸʵĪķɾͲ˵ˣǸһԼҲʵǸޣսҲԼ֮ϡ
պòСĴ£ǸַɶԼģ²Լ֣ԽǸᣬ뵽ɽŪʲôط
²ܣҲҪȷ
ӣԼպ󻹿
ѾȥɽΣ̽طûз֣ϣһƬҲϣڡ
ĵǰУ뿪ֺߡ
ǰԶǸضˡ
ҲʣһƬûϸѰҹˡ
ҪǰͻȻպоһڴ󾪡
ڿҹеֻ¹⣬߱䰵϶ʲôڱһ£ʲô
̧ͷһͷϣһչ䣬ͬҹеҹӥԼͷɹ
ṦպƽʹһЩ֣Ҳ̶ֳȡ
תԼ˵ʱպﾪ˾ȻǸСɣ
ӷ𣬹ʦͽ£ҹɽ°Ԫؿˣƽ͡
պһۣо˲֣Ȼ֪ʲôڸԼ˵ġ
µպҲȥˣԻԪɣ֪ʲô
Իӣ࣬𣬲պʦƶɮľеĿɶԣ
պɫһ䣺ɣȻ֪£ѾУҲӦ̨֪ɽ־ڱصãϣɴʦܸ֮š
պʦЦˣ֮УҲҷοɸˡ
ɣ˷㣬Լ㣬ɿϴӦ̨ɽк񱨡
պʦǿˡ
պԪ֪²ΪҲɴֱ࣬Ӷߡ
պʦԺֶὫڷˣӭпιۡ
Ԫı´˶˵ģתָ֮ı⡣
ȻպΪӶҲ֮ֻռ˵޷ִ֣һ̨Ҳ֡
һԪ滹ɽ֮ڣȥһ֣δطչҲкôġ
̫󣬻Ԫ滹ʹ˽ύһԺҲ֮໥иġ
պ뿪ˣȻǶԻԪ治ηԪ书ӲˣֻԺԼֺԺ֮һ蹵ˡ
ȻԺֺɽǸض֮УԼõοȫԪ治ΪԼˡ

ΪԽԽĹϵɽµҰڹģԽԽ󣬿ջ챬ʳͷ涼оӡ
ֿջ¿ģװϵΣҲóԣ
磬á
һ£һʹЩѾȥͷһɫ䡣
һͲδȣòñһѳ
˿ջ̧ͷߣֿջ¾Ӧ֮أɽŪЩ߰Ķʢˣȥʧȥ޵ı⣬Ҳܹܣ治֪ǷǸʲôԵģ
Сÿ˿ջõʦַɹܲɣܹ𣿡
ߣ㶮ʲôַɸʲô񼣵ͷֵ˾֪Χ֣Ūʲôλ˻ǮȥоЩʳѪҺļк㿴Χʲôֿջֲݣ׼ҵӱϵЩǲǶҪǮЩʲô񼣣ǿԺͷ湵ͨѵ˵ֹЩ˻᲻ѵǲԴͷ׾Ǹɣ
Сñѵһ٣СͷˣԻв顣
ÿһۣУҪúҷ⣬򲻿ɱЩ׵Ķɱ۾֪Ϊʦ㱨ԶҶüһΪʦϣء
ʦӿ޷ʤΡָɮ۵½ǣͷԹһ顣
Ϊ㻹ۣΪʦŴ˴δϣҪʶʶʶһʲôеߵǷǵķŰ࣬мǣ򲻿ѧϰɣŪգչΣ֮ʱƶᵱַɣΪɸоԷ棡
˵ŻȻһҧгݵĸо˸оǳ̱
ȵʦǻҪ𣿡
ȻҪȥߣȽջڳԵ㶫Ϣһ£Ͼȥ
˵Żý˿ջ
Сæк£һЩ򵥵ʳ
Ժü̵Сãֵ֮ӲһЩȻΨΨŵŵԸᱻ˼ƲģǴӰǻġ
ͷ˿ʦֵͷʦҲ֪
ѽǲĶãҲϲΪʦС㳤󣬿ôûаΪʦķ緶أס֮󣬲ҪЩкɫ
ʦǷˣ̫ðɣ
ʲôõģʲôõģʲôʲôԴǷо϶Ҳᣬ֮ͿΪʦģΪʦѵЩѾǷΪĶ
˵˰죬ЩڿʣϵĲ豭뵹裬Ƿֲǿյģʹ󺰵Сϲ衣
˰û˴ӦþЩŭͷȥֻСڹ̨վţؿԼˡ
ιƶϲ裬ʲôأ
СȴͻȻˮûУȵĻԼȥɽȪˮȰɣ
òȻŭİϲ붣죺ʲôˮûпʲôջûвˮŲʲô
ǱСȻҲһĹ̨úˮУǲǸȵġ
Ц˺ȵãƶΪʲôȲãѵһǮɣ
˵ǮǮ˲𰡣ǮĶȥˣãɽʥڣڿֲڿ˵һɮĻҵĲǲ㣡

˫üƺҪһ
ȥȥȥǵĿջ⣬ҵطɡ
С˿ںõвϽߣϽߣûﶼô𣿡
һȻջڵĿǶɫƵؿԼ
ûֹƻĵֶδﵽʲô̶ȣЩ񶼱ǸŪڹ֮ˣʣֱħ̻й֮ߣȲɹ֮أƶסƶҲϡס
˵վߣίίĸں档
ߵſڵʱС˵һ䣺Сʦ㲻ί˵㣬Ҿ˵ǸãҫȥʹҰҳСŵľһ䷽ɣľһ֣
΢΢ͷ˳ȥ
С˵ⷬоüԴһ䷽ɺʲôˣǰǴûô


066 
뿪ֿջƫƫаĴҿջÿһңȴַһͨȻһı˼Ҹϳ
ĺ棬Ҳ˰ۡ
ҰһҿջѾļˣǰһң־ӡ
ҿջſڣЩԥ
ĺ棬С˵һ䣺ʦѾһˣǽȥ֮ղ˵𣿡
¿˿̾ϢһַɹȻɶ񣬵ֶҲͦŪˣˣһǾͷ֮ܵõʲôɡ
ȻӲȷʵҰˣҲַ֪ɸʩչʲôȻ˶Ϊ˵ԼǿӲȥҪ¶޽ͷˡ
˽˿ջСк
֮ǰһ˲ˣöѽ˴ǰɽݻᣬҪֵòһЩ˵ַɣǿԺͷ湵ͨˣ򲻿ʧˡ
߻˵꣬ûϣǱ߾п˵ˣʦ̫⻰˵̫ˣһʦɮǷӦúú˼ѧϰѧϰʧǾԲеģȻһʦȱǣֵͽӦ
Ϊüţʱ˻һɣȻΪԼܶ˿ʧ֮
Ȼŭ𣬵ǾνѵҲѧĴһЩʵλʩƶ԰֪Ļ֪࣬һ䷽ɣǷ紫˵ǰ棿
ٺ٣ֹ氡ɣһ䷽ɱ´ȥˣô˵ɣֻ벻û
ǰʦ̫һ䷽ĸˣԺͷԻģһǷת
һ䷽أû˵¶ϱôûӣȥһˣôţٺ٣ˣ
ʲʲôͷ󺹣ϱҲǸɳϹϵˡ
õӣ֪ЩᣬõصʲôأҺϱûӣȥ˹û¾ͻˣ˵鲻飿
Ŷԭˡ˵ֻͦġ
ǣҪȥֵĻͲˣ㣬ûͳȻǾҪŵȥˡ
ԽЩ˵Խо޷ͨˡ
ˣЩͳͳϴˣĳΪֵ߹ΪǸɵצ
ȻﲻҲһ˿ʣ˵ҽޣӻҪԼĶüΪµĴɣҲõΧ˵׷
ˣɶԽѵַɳġ
øν񼣣ƾԼѧǷڿ֮ϻʤԼɣ
Ҳˡ
ϾΪüˣ书϶Ǽߵġ

峿һ𴲣¥ײӡ
һоҪײһӣ
𣬻صɽС
ֵѾΪ˸һʱ׼ӻɷ˵ֵˣ㻹µظɻ
˻Ժ˵ˣѧðɡ
¥ŮӻԿ˵ˣķ辢Ķȥˣ˼Һж硣
죬Ŵ󿪣ɽµ½ɽ
ԪվԼķǰ¡
ÿ춼Լа˰ҵ͵ڵ֣Щ޷ôģͣҪԭǷ̫١
ֻһԹ˽㣬⻹ǾŲģʼûг鵽ôʱ־ûʤϾûĵطǲһԺ
ɵĽҲôóģϾ齱Ļỹǲࡣ
ڻԪĳ齱ģѾɽб˼һڹ֮⣬ȡЩƺ;鷨ȵȡ
¾¶ʮ˻м죬Ԫܳȡһ󽱣ʵֵĻʩ
ڹۿУԶԶ
ԪЩ֣ȻͬţǱϾŮбһ㶼ģлôˡ
룬һգȥעһ£ʲô
ǣɡ
ע̬ȣܿˡ
һյͷȥ

ʦһ·ľǶֵ塣
ˣʮˣԼˣΪʦ˵ãδؾǶԵģúܳɹȻн׬Ǯ˼ǰǶĸԸģҲ˵ˣֶЩˣǷǳչ˵ġ
ʲôĿѣ翪իʱ򣬻ùʳãÿ춼ֳзһÿĻѾǲơ
ȻüǴɣüûһ㡣
˵ʦ̫Եˣеĵλ书ټǸƢʹȥ˵ĲͬʦķŽڽ棬˶˼ѾԣҪǶüɣʦܱаȥ
ʦԼΪüһˣԼķ˵ֵ¼󣬾һܺõķ̲ģ̾ʹԼǷˡ
ʦΪüǽҴɣȻŮɣǱЩӷҪҲһֱҲ׼Ծӣˣǰڳ߸ϵļӣڱտڲǷ̾ǽѵûԵ
Щֻηʦ书ŲҶԵģһѾĶԶüԶ֮ˡ
ϧʦԾ°Եᣬ֣ûɽһӣɽµ˸ݱ˶ֲ
ԼȥѾǵѡ񣬵ʦǹִļɽϻڿջĵıʾҪڴַɵĻԣһǬ
ԼǾʦͽܣͽܱҪʦģòֻϣʦһЩҪ̫Ҫܡ
ձŵıʦıһѷǳǳΪ죬ǽʦǿѶ챦ڵʵڽϴºպ
˼䣬ʦ̫˵ˣ㿴㿴ʲô˵·Χǽ޵ƽ⣬͸ûжˣɽŪͦ¥ͦ׳ۣʣ໹ʲôҲһܿɣ治֪һСôôġ
ʦڼǵʢӦصɡشȻ˼ȷǽŮϢǺŨ
ʲôװŪİˣҲǸȥҡ
˵䣬һгڶǰ
ӷ𣬶λʦƶɮˡ
һգӴˡ
ʦ̫۾ɨһһ£Ƿɣ
ƶɮǷɣֻһССɮڰˡ
ȥûʸ˵Ƿɳң˵ü˾ʦ̫ˡ
Ǻ˵˻һһյﶼһ˿ŭɫǻǵæûʱʦ̫ˡ
ԪˣЩ˵Ըеı䣬һζĹ۶̬ȺãҺôҺãˣᣬ˼ߴˡ


067 ˰ü
һյĻش𣬾һ˿ŭɫϾ֣ЩͽĿҲʶˣҲ׷Ƣ
ҪԽȥһ˵Ҳ²һգһ˦ȥ
ಽظʦ󣬽رǰѶ챦
һտᣬҲ˵ûܷɵķԸת뿪ˡ
һյƢҲǺܺãΨһżײɵˣɶҶײڵƨѽ
ھĺ棬ʦҪȥ𣿡
ȥҵҪʶʶνķô¡
˸Ⱥ֮Уǰ
⺺̨˵ǲߣ֪չζƲŽġűˣʦ̫ơ
ţܺأľʵطǳãӦҲ˲Ǯ
֮УĿ֮ǷдС׭Ź˵֡
˹ĵǰ˼ݣȻһȻйǧķǸɵǸоͷԵģô⡣
ʦԱ߱տڲԣʱʦ˵϶Խ˵Խٴŭ
һ·Ƕһ·Ȼ˵ͣľڸǲסġ
Ľ췽ʽͽƽִ˵ѾԽǸĽˮƽ
һ·ëҲûʲôë
֮Щޣ¿˿ȥǸɡ
һ·ѰңԭֵǸСǰ棬ڻԪľ
ſڹŵĶһ飺Գ֣Ī˼Ǳ˰ļ֪졣ߣдĵǲƶῴҲǸӹţ˰ˡ
ӷʦ̫˻
һź󣬻Ԫſڣǰá
ǺˣÿԪͲص
ƶɮǱ·һ䡣
ŶǷɣȻᣬҲͽ˼꣬ѹ˶뾭ѵ֮¡
ԪЦЦʦ̫֮ƶɮԻˡ
֣ǰǰΧŻԪתһȦȻǰŵ⸱֪ν⣿
ƶɮ޶ۣǼ򵥵Ľͻġ
Ǳߵǿɳˣ׷Χ£˹ƺҷɵ鷳ҲͶԱվſǵֿԡ
ҿһ䷽νѵɡ
˹ۿϾ⣬Ǵǰ𴩻Ԫļ棬Ǻ˵ġ
Ǻã㣬֪˰Ϊͽ⣿
硣
֪Ǽ磬֤㻹𾭣ƶ͸һΣ˰УҲ֪ΪԶ޷˰ġ
Ԫû˵ؿž
СУ˰һһ׷һ־磬ֻУǴﵽ˱˰ຣɶ𣿡
Ԫ濴ãʦ̫Ľ;ֻЩ𣿡
ûֱ׳ص
ԪΧңղȺ֮Укղӣ
ղӴӦ˹
Ծʦֵ̫һ׼ҵӣַܿ࣬Ϊֻûµʱ䣬ոսӴ𷨡
˵ղַģ¶֮⣬ûȥ
ԪֶΧλʩǺܶ˶ʶղӣ˵˵ղֺ󣬺ǰΡ
û˵ãղǰַûǽ֣ʲôˣǴҶϲ
ǰ־һƵĵطǰЩղӻǼˮأ˵ǷҪһơ
˷׷ױ֮ʣղӶЩƮƮȻ
ԪֶԾʦ̫ƶɮ˵֪ղӲһոսֵˣһʽӣƶɮƽҲûʲôɽģֻǼ򵥵ĽӴѧѣȻʦ̫ƶɮ˰ļ⣬ô׼ҵʦ̫ļɣղӣʦ̫˰ΪΣ
ǰֵĻᣬղҲܸˣǸ裬ģܽѵãŪβϲ
ʦ̫ǷҸ㣬Ҿ˵ˡ
ڱһû˵ղ˸𾭣˵ԼϿˣֻǸΪĵưˡ
ղȴԻﲨۣƵ˰žˮвˣΪ˰뾳ˮͨΪ˰ľ磬ν֮˰Խľ磬ν֮˰ɽ̵ǣ޳Բɴ֮Ǳ˰
ղ˵꣬ԱߵȺС˵úۣ
Ƿɽ̵ĺãʶˡ
ղӵضñݾͿˡ
Ԫںʦ̫ӣΪǰҪԸЩƤ̵Ĳʦ̫Ī֣СӣﶪˣϽիõķ׼ˣʩڶ࣬ɵˡ
ϣ
ղӵߵߵľܣԪֽסˣǵöһ㣬ʦ̫ҲûԷţҲ̫࣬λʦ̫̫ˡ
ղӿǸһۣٺֱЦ뷽ɹģԼСлѾһ챬ըˣĲо
Ȼٱղӵڽ̵һκɫ࣬߬ȭͷؽڶЩףϸĻǡѾڱıԵ
ãããһ䷽ɣ̵Ĳѽ
˵֣ҧгݣƺʱгֽѵԪ˼
ԪǰһԾλʦ̫˻ӦֹˮΪ¹ּңҷ⣬ο㻹ôˣӦ侲һЩĺã֪ʦ̫ΪΣ
ԱͻȻꡱһЦǵľݺݵصһۣŵּæڿڣüۼЦڸǲסġ
ʮ꣬ʵϣΪϰгɣ𳤷׼·ȥҲһʮͷٸ
ֻüۼɷЩ}ˡ
ƽ˵ϣ˸ðʧ˳ƺ϶ûкɫģߵ˶֪ë˵䶼Сģʦ̫ᡣ
ǽԪһһʦ̫һһʹ󣬸˵þͷԱȴȤ
һ䣬֪ƶǺ𣿡ƵƵ裬Ѿв֮⡣
Ԫ룺ţŮ󣬶Ծüƶɮʦ̫⼸ƺйüĺۼòǶüɵİɣ
ʵܰɮ۶ǳϵģҲ᲻ʱĻһüֻܵߵöϤˣҲעЩϸڣȷʵϾȻԪˡ
ʲôüüëһüɣʲôȻϵ𣿡ŭʵ
һѾ߹Ԫ˶˵ѹԼԪ浱Ȼ̬ȣֻװģصҲȷʵûʲôϵüŮӵܺͽɶüϹϵأƶɮ³çˣǲ֪ʦ̫ĸɣ
ԥ˰죬˶Լش𣬶ԼģڻԪˣԼҲܲش𣬾Ǵĳ֣ü


068 ǿԮ
˵ԼǶüģԱߵǷ׷ײмûα˼һ䷽ɶ³ǶüˣԼҪװģŪ󲻻
һãü۵ģȷʵЩղˡ
Ԫ˵ܣ䣬õͷԷһЩȻпŭȴҲС᷽ˡ
ʹ˷ŹԪ棬Ҳǲܵġ
ݵͷԺȱµĿڲţòҴӷѧˣǻһתСУҲسѿֽ֮ѧ䣬һ˵и书ֵĿںţ˴ԲѵĻȻҲ˵
ʦ̫Բӣֽϰû书⻰ҲУֻƶɮΪ֣ǽʱ̣ۣƶɮ湵ͨʱȻԽ̵£ǰЩǸոմӮ˵Ƿޣ֤ʦ̫˵ҴԲѣƶɮҵ
ͻȻЦоץɵİѱЦƶˣ㻹Ϊܺͷ湵ͨǻ֮ƶǲʶʶһɽһɽߣ֮ͽԶһĶֵϿԴΪʦĽ
СںӦеĽǰһݣһ֣챦ק˳
ˡһХһĨˮĺεЩ۾
һ֣ʦ̫ӵ̬ŻԪ棺СУ˽Ϊ죬ƶʮ꣬ݺὭ֣֪书ĵطܽƶἸأ
ðѽ֮󣬻Ԫﰵõı죬ڹɽ֮ϡ
ʵڹɽ֮ϣðνԺ󣬾ǽĸˣѽһ֪С
Ԫ濴ûڵʵ϶챦Ժλڶڵĸ֣챦ڽҲźպ֮һ
ȻԼѧϰ۷׶εĴȴƣǱϾѪ֮һСĿ¾Сˡ
ܺö֣Ҫ취С
Ԫתȴ˿ûб¶ǵʦ̫³çˣ˷ţʺ϶䡣
Ԫ˵Ҫڷ̣Ԫּʦ̫Ȼս书ƶɮӦ»Ϊüɣƶɮǻһط
ĺƶᶼȥã·ɱ¶
Ԫ濴˿Χˣλʩƶɮȥȥͻء
˵Ժ󣬻Ԫһնɽȥ
Ԫˣȴˡ
ɵṦȻﵽ˱̬ĳ̶ȣ⡭ֱǷ˼ѵϱĲɣ
ʱҲܶӣȺΪʦȥѵĺкͻ
˵Ҳշ׷Ԫȥˡ
ֻṦͲ࣬ٶȣ߶ȣڿнƵʣͻԪͲһϣͺũҩĻͼ20ȵĲࡣ
ʩչṦ뿪Χ۷׷ס
Ҳ̫֪ߵغˣȻսһ䷽ɣԿǲ᳤Եġ
ǣһ䷽ҲǴȱǰӣȻѾſˡ
һ䷽ɷɵĶ߶죬ٿ̵ģں͸ţ࣬ҪҲŲȥء
ǵۣҲЩģֻܿţʦǸ᷽ɵĺ棬ԽԽԶ

Ԫǰʩչһέɽٱۣܿͽ˦ûӰӡ
ڿҪ֣챦ʱ򣬻Ԫһͷ
µûܶԸã˭ֻ֣ʧһ;ΨһܶԸõˣںɽ
ضߣֻˣܻá
ôõضߺý֣ͺǸˣҪԽС
ԼȫٱۣȽ˦Ȼȸϵضһ
Ƭ̣Ԫ˵ضֱ䵽˵ضڴؾ͵ǰڣ
ʲôʦ𣿡ضˡ
ǰҲ£ǰ
ߣ£ϷθɣϷⰵյĵض棬޷뿪ҲΪ
ǰ֪Ҫַܴ򿪴أ
Ԫ沢ûлϸȥԲдһʡ
򿪣̸װշͺ¿ŪͷڵĻأͷѾûԿܹ򿪡ߵ͸űзŭ֮飬ȻǺ޼ǸշС
Ƿõϣ
СУͨ޷ֺȻϷĹͶˣαһʮꡣ
Ԫ滹ĵصѵûбܹϴ𣿡
УϣسģԲѡ
ƶɮԸꡣ
ΪֱΪˮâ죬Ϊնҷ磬ӦնϽϷ֪֮Ϸڴ˵Ĳ˰ˣϷأ
죡
ԪдϲùȻбǰѽȻ֮һĶ챦
ǻԪ滹ǲɫʵ֪ǰ⼸
â䵱ɽɽϷҷɽɵɽ֮ҲѣϷ֪ںС
Ԫĵ֪ȻǾа취ˡ
ǰǴΣ
ϷҩͱˣϷָЩҩǲٸġ
ǴҩһͼɱˣʢҲУֻҪǰƶɮһ֮ôƶɮ֤ΪǰѰ챦ǰΣ֮С
СУ˻棿֪챦ߵﶼ͸żʮˣʱ޿̲ϣ뿪طȵʱ̫ãԼЩˣʮ׺ɣ˭֪ʲôˣշϺǲǻŶ˵ܿԼԶˡ
ֻǲͣҩάһ˿ϣԼڷ衣
ȻС֪챦䣬Ȼϲ
СУܾһɽĵҩȡ
Ԫû˵Ǹ߾ЩˣСУô˵ˣٽһ£ʲôҪ󶼿ᡣ
ǰǸˣҵҪ󣬾ȴһơ
Ԫ沢û̽ǿɽ£ڳ֣ڷɿɽϱ


069 ̵
Ԫ沢׵ŵضߵĻ̽ضڵȴ
ȴõصֻõʱԼٽضȻҲŽԼ˵ȫġ
õӰ󣬻ԪѡضԶһ㡣
ΪԼɽϿˣòûпԼԼҪȻ׷Լ
Ȼ𿴵Ԫɽƶ̷ŭĳХһԪ߱
ʱԪһȿɶ񡢱ɼ޳ܵСˣȻ˵ǰԼԴӵ˶üԺԴӵõ˶콣Ժûûô
ĺУΪƶἴʹɱطҲҵġ
ΪԼҽڣŶ񽣣Ѿɱ
֮Ա˽𣬾Ϊĺ֮ˣԸںԼԵģ飬ɱܶˣŵô˳ƺš
ֻΪԼµˣǸģ޹
һ·ӽ˻Ԫ棬ԪƺҲԼûͣǾʧıӡ
Уߣ
뵽˶ʮɵʱ򣬾ͻȻ콣һӣһĽźХֱԪնȥ
ѽãԪһ͵һ٣նһϣڴֵСնϡ
һδܽɱУܲˣվڣ
Ԫܱߵãƶɮԩ޳׷ɱƶɮ
ס죬ٸ˵֣ƶץס㣬˺죡
۾ˣεıԪ˵ԼϣԼֱĪ衣
ƴķ׷ϣǲôһЩ׷ϻԪ棬ΪЩԶĽҲܸԪʵԵв
֮£ֻƴĽţϣܵеĽŲԼһЩ
һ׷һӣͣط裬һʱڣܱ˴ɽ
𶼸оЩˣȻԼ죬ͨζԳѭҲ޷֧ҵġ
ΨһҵǣԼĽǼһ˿Ч
ÿһνǸΪܽòͣһ£Լһ룬ȻԼĺܴ󣬵˵ľҲʮ֮ڡ
СУ־ܰɣ
¶Цݣʱ׷ĵٽ㣬Ҳûа˵ζ޲ýԪʬΡ
Ԫ治ʱŵĻͷۿ¶ɫ
˵ľ룬ڲϵС
ɣɣɡ
𽥵ģڿ˻Ԫ֮ڡ
ۿǰĿɶУ̲סҪЦ
֮ף֮װ
СУ㻹ܣ
ٴξĶ챦׼Ԫһڣп϶ܣֻҪܻһ㣬ԼһиͶֵõˡ
ͻȻԪһһ޴ʯͷȥ
ͺ¿룡
ںŭһƻĺУȻ뵽ʯͷڻԼȦӣԼܽܵġ
ΪͣԼҲʣˣǸԻкܴܵǿʯͷԼȦӣԼǰˡ
裬ٴεĽ򷢳ֱնԪ
ԪƺҲˣϮҲΧʯͷȦˣ͵˵յĶһ
䵽ʯͷϣʯм衣
Ԫ͵۾ʯмԵˡ
ᣬ͵ؼ٣ڿԪ˫սƺҪԪһΡ
ۿԪҪƺǼһľ͵һͻȻѽؽһ˾Ȼʧڵ档
ͻȻʧȥĿ꣬˵ʲôҲǲŵģɴ۾һﾹȻһض
ԪոսضͷЦ
׷˰ʱľûѪôҲӹȥ
Բ
ŭͷԵľҲܼĪִˣ̽һҲŻԪ뵽С
תǰһ
۾ϸһͻȻоá
ضȻһߵɽǱж졣
ڿʮɵķԲһԲζѨ
ضмһ޴ĵ¯Χ鲼˸ҩģһ·õĺߣ˿վڶУؿŶڣƺʱҪһ
ǸУҲոմӵǸߵǰã㶯
ɲǼƺˣԭضоȱСиĿĵϹܣΪ˹⽫Լض
Ļƣ
һʼ붴Լ˵ʲôҲŽģǱԼΧŴɽһȦķ磬Լ罫׵ȥˣﻹʲôضضġ
ѹԼоСеṦûиղſˣԭһжǼƻõġ
Ϊüţû¹˭Լж콣֣ʹԷԮҲһġ
˿ڵĶˣСӦþṦãԼץס·ѵǸ߾Ȼ˵¯ϣֻҪԼɱߣôСҲ֮
ʲôԮԮҶԶ콣ն֮
˲⣬һԾֳֶ챦ֱն
߱ǲҪǸСеĻأû뵽һȻֱӻӽɱԼ
겻ֵŭʮ겻ֽǶԼ¶ˡ
Ҫ߸оõĽ쳣
ɲ֮䣬΢΢Ա߳һ£
Сã²ϷǰԶˡ
һΣȣ͵˾ʦ̫ǰ
һˣϹøߵĹ򣡡
ûϸ룬һƷХȻз졣
ոշὣȻֻõһӲӲĺ߶һơ
һ²Ҫõͬߵķһ㣬ֻоһױȵĴӿɲǼƺߵ˹һѪ̲ס߸󵹷ɳȥֱӵ䵽ʮɿ⣡
ȻԼղ׷ɱСкķ˲ߵĹҲδ̫̬˰ɣ
һɾ𣬱أ׼߹ȥͻȻӰһΣֻԪڽٵس˳һץϵıɿس˵ض
ѽСͺ¿Ϸվס
׷ϣ͵ػӳһƣһûд򵽻Ԫ棬ȴɽϣɽƺҡ
˵ľĵ㺮ߵ书ﵽʲô̶ȣô˿¡
ƣҲѧˣǿʹʩչȫɿ򶴿ڳȥ
߹עСŽˣû뵽СҲͻȻˣԼж㣬һʱ侹ȻؿҲܳ˶⡣
ضոΪӳ죬ͻȻһȣãղ׷ɱƶɮʹ𣿿ƣ


070 Ͳ
øոմӵضӳԪѾ棬һһƴ
ȻΪ˽ǵױ׷˴ʱԪҲ۵ĹǺˣʹˮĺʱ򣬻ԪܷŹ
Ԫ棬¶ŨŨĺ⡣
ޱȽƻĺУԼ˵ض֮УԼˣȻԼĶ챦
ûԼͲ³ûܹʲô۵ľк죬޲ܻԪˡ
ͺ¿Ҳң
ŭһҲԼĻӳһơ
ȻǳƣǱ֮ǰû˵ʱر𣬲ͬնˡ
ţʹˣҲ㹻ɶķˡ
ֻҪûض콣÷ģ֮󣬲Ҫ֣һҪɽضˮǸ߻
û뵽ԼһƴǸһ첲ͬ߰ûԼӦͱǱһ
ĵǰԪ˳ƳƣȴƵ־
ȥ
ŻԪһֻһɴ徹ȻܿƵķ
ȸղڵضɵĻԶԼʩչṦûһ·ɳôԶ
һƣʮ׵ľ룬䵽ɽϣվȣɽֱӹȥ
ĹУôУУţƶһģ
ԪЦЦҲץԡ
ֹȥԶǿͣӣҼȻѡɽĺɽվ͵ĵطɽȥˡ
ûɱ㣬ԼƫƫҪǸ࣬Ҳû취ˡ
Ԫ汾Ǵѵһ£ȴûɱùȻɶ񣬵ǻԪûбɱɣĳַ˵ǶԵġ
ɱɱνҪǣѶ챦ԼѾõˡ
ֵȻܸߣⲢǻԪصģҪǣԼѾ˺ͺɽضּۻ۵ıǮ
֣ԼʱԽǸ߷ų
̫ΣգԪǲ׷ģֻͼֻ֮ҪԼܷķôͿ̸
ģҪЮŪ󻹵ɡ
ˣԪ»ص˵ضڣǰллæˡ
߷ŭСУõǰѽǶɣϷնȥϷԽҩȫ㡣
ǶԲǰкҪҪʱܸնˡ
ʲôҪ£նֻƬ֮䣬ⶼ𣿡ߵԽطŭȴ˵ĻΨֻԪͷߡ
ģּˣϵĵףʵģƶɮȥˣ¾ͳԲˡ
ԪһͨתߣƾڵضŭҲ޶ԡ
ߵĥûˣû㹻İգԪǲģȻ󻹵ˣҲҪܲС

ȻԪ淵֮󣬲ûǶٵľ棬Щ˵Ԫ޵еĴڣսʤȻġ
ģҪǸСˡ
֪ʦʵڵĴˣﻹж챦ڶսʤ˵ڵľ֣ûж˸˵ȵѹʦ
ǰСɣôҲڰɣ
Ԫʱһֲõĸо
֮У˭ʶҲ֪ʲôֻίվԭأʱȴԼʦ
ͻȻԪ汳Ȼһѽ
ʦĶ챦ԼΪʦŵģϤĲϤˡ
ֻڶ콣ڻԪûнʣ˵ʲô
˵˰ѾˣԼʦĽѾȥˡ
ֻһѽµһĽҲǲںģڣȥˣԼʦȴûл
Ĵ۾˲ͳˮСĶԻԪɣ㿴ʦ𣿡
Ԫʦ¶ʱ䲻ˡ
ȷʵˣִӺɽʱ仹ͱѪѰɽ·أʹȥˣµ븴ԭ
ضߵһƣٱѾ˵õĸ
üʹ˺ˣҲǰɽˣû㹻İգһԪѰʧȥ˶콣֮þһͨڰˡ
ɽͻˣԺûж콣ľһս
ȴˣСƲƲʱҪ޳ˣ㡭ɱʦ
ƶɮûɱ
ԪȻ첻µز£ȴҲ뱳ϸɱ˵
һɱʦĽʦȴûлءʦ
˵ţ˵ϣ˫ֱϥʹ
ԪһãԼַɣ˿һСԼǰ޳ʲôӣȥĻǱȷµӰ컹á
ϾǵԼ˰ġ
ʱԪҲ˲ݣæСõСʦʦû
ҲţΪʲô
ġʦѾɽȥˡ
˶˵ֻһɽ·ҵĽ£ôûʦأ
ƶɮ˵ǣʦѾӺɽɽȥˡ
ɽɽۣ㽫ʦɽˣأʦ̫ˣǧظȻҡȫʬû£ɣúݵģ
ʲôѽʦֻȥ˶ѡ
֪ʦȥˣɽһȥ棬زˣɣʦɽĵص㣬ȥʦŹǡ
Ԫ̲סӲ˲ͷĺûôǱԼڣŸ߰˶ô͸Ѿͷ˵ء
ۿСԽԽƣѾһЩ˵ˣԪû취ˣһݺݵ׵Сãˣٿ޵ĻƶɮͲʦɽĵص㣬ʬɽιҰ
һһȻСñסˣӲֹס̧ͷ涵ؿŻԪ棺㣬ɣͷˣҪʦʬضü𣿡
áðɡ
ʦʲôط
˵㣬ƶɮ㻭һͼȻȥҰɡ
ΪʲôҪͼڴȥɽͿ𣿡
˵һ䣬ͻȻ뵽ʲôڵ㲻õһ㱨ҵ书ҵ书ܲģֻϣܽʦʬǴضüʦǣǲ㱨ǵˡ
ģСʦ㻹ǿƶɮɣ˵ĻɾҲʦˡ
֮£Ԫֻʹ־ס˵
Ȼ취ЧСίίվԪȥķ䡣


071 
ԪƭԼ˷䡣
ڿʼ㲻Ҫƶɮ˵
ֹ˻ҪʵԪ˺ɽ飬ȻֻǼ򵥵Ĵû˵ضֻ˵˾ʦ̫ܵԼϣȻӺɽ뿪ˡ
ʦûֹͣ˿
ǷȫţԪҲһЩ˵öѾ˵ʣӦþûԼʲôˡ
û뵽СȴͻȻ˵ʦû
Ԫ㶵ؿ˿Сã㲻ضü𣿡
ͷСصü̫ԶˣҶ֪ʲô򣬶ʦģԼزȥġ
Ԫ̲סĶͷôС֮ȥ·Ҳ
㲻ȥĻǲʺģҪʲôطȥ
Ҳ֪
Щί۾ﻹһ˿ӨСãԪǷˡ
ֿ϶ǲʵģȻСúǻԪǷɣҪΪֵ濼ǣãڵԼҲûɶϵͯӹûд֮ǰŮԼľ縡ˡ
Ҳǰ׿粻ʡġ
ȥԪطһɽµŮһסڿջ
˵ˣԼƴӵƣԼҲ㻹ܼģԼ˵ŮӦöСá
һЩϾļﻹиĸڣȥҲ㡣
룬ԪСʦʦʱ䲻ƶɮиȥȥһλŮʩ飬ɺã
룬ȫƾɴʦˣֻҪиϢĵطͺˡ
ӦԪһ
סԼ֪סڿջԺ߹ԼϣԼõƺİ취Ժȥ
ȥջֻԼǰȥˣΪֻԼסǰȥ
ԹԪ潫ǰѶ콣غãһɽ
ʱѾǻƻʱ֣ͶˣҲһЩ
֣һȻԪʩչṦɳۣڵܣܿҰ
סֿջһŷŽྻķ䡣
ԪûнջֻСԼͨһ£˵һ
ڻԪ󣬵СһٶʮӣǲӲûԪ£Ƕ˲赽ˮæ֮»һ̽ţ⣬˹ԪǺУʱСͳԼһͣȻǸȥˡ
ԪﺰŰӷ𣬽źŵĻŬһ¿ˮ
С֪ͨԺȻٶȱȵС죬һĳ¥
棬ɴû̫Ūþˣ¥²žòףæԪȥԼķ䡣
Ԫ˰֣ˣƶɮһġ
ʦˣʦ֮£ض𡣡˵Ż۾ȴϵ
ͬʸ߹ţǵľɫһ㡣
쳣崿ЩδѵɬŮټϳ˵ݣǱһζ
ŮŮȻ໥Ҫעˡ
λСʦʦɢˣ޷ģһȥ·;ңԶһҲܳ;棬ֻȴʦѰȫӣв㣬ƶɮϣܴȱΪ
ûȻԪ憪꣬ѾȥСʦÿ
ЩߵؿһۣȻʩɴƶỹǿһЩ֮ˣƶ硣
ҲüЦģȷʵϲԼջȻСҲǳģͻȻ˸Ưãܿġ
ֻǿϧǸСãûϵֵġ
һͶԵԪоǳο£ƶɮҪɽȥˡ
ԥһ£ԻԪɣǼ¡
ѾһЩüĿ
Ƕлˣ﹧ɼϣɲҪ̫á
ԪͷӦȴоĻЩŤ
СʦԺͺסһ𣬵Ⱥʦˡ
лɣÿ컹Ҫء
¼򵥣Ҳÿ춼ȥ㣬һͬǰȥǣ໥ҲиӦ
Ӧ¥ȥˣһ·ϻЦȻЩõζ
ǽ˷䣬ԪЦ뿪˿ջ
Сںһ·ͣҾͲÿӽԪ湩ˡ
߳˿ջţԪЦˣĿת䣬ǰ˼ûעԼͻȻһʩչṦ˿ջԱߵĺͬȻһԾ䵽˿ջķ
ƵʱˣһӰڷСƿһƬ׼ʲô
û뵽ԪͻȻϷһæ
ԷƿƬλãӦþǵķ䡣
ѾС䣬òŮӣҪʲôʿ֪Ԫڴ˵ǳܣǼﾹȻɱ
һέɽṦʩչ嵽˴ǰɮ죬Ԫ浥ƻӳָſһԷץȥ
µͺ¿
Ǹ˵ͺһƻ
ԷһĳԪһ־׻⣬Ȼһ۶ԷһһԷʩչȴ־һɴɽԷӿȥ
ȴѧԪѾ߾磬ͬˮҲкڵʵǾȻû˿֮ԪֱӴӷƵķ˳ȥ
ߺ죬˻ûأԪѾոڿһ̤ںϣ֮ţںһ׹
䡱һ죬˵ڿֱֱصҵ˵ϣڵҳһ͵ӡ
Ѫ˲ʧȥж
ԪһץˣͬСһĶԷ˫أȻһ֣ڽ
ʿ
Ԫ󾪣ˣȻһʿԼȥƺЩ졣
ɵġ
ʿŬ۾ԻԪͺ¿˵үҺΪвɣ
ž
һĶصس˵ʿϣëвɣƶɮﲻֻ֮ķѣҲ˼óҫ
Ԫ̫ˣһȥɵصʿȻɴ˹ȥѪֱż䡣

ԪһץŵʿתС˻Ԫǰ
ɵĺãȻַܷˡԪ˵ĸĴͷƾ˭Ҳ󵽣ƥѾ㹻һɫˡ


072 ı
ɵӱԪץס¡
ǰЩӴ֮ǼʿĿԼ£оʿ
ƾоԪоɺܿԼΪжˣ϶뽫ֲġ
һֱûжԪҲ֪Ǵʲô⣬ϵţץʿȻҪúһС
ص֣Ԫ潫ʿص˲˽ֽɽ˹ϼӿأȵʿˣԼҪԹá
ɽԻԪҳϲκˣӦźڲ˽ѿڡ
æһУѾҹʱ֡
Ԫ˷ϢĬĬӣ죬ǰ¶ʮˣҲϵͳ齱ӡ
ųȡ󽱵ΣԪһҹ

ӥŹ£Ҳǽڶʹķˣʢƻʵ۵ŮԪһ·ײײ
ǰЩʱ·ϱ˽ɱǶ˱Ԫȣص˽ڶʹԪԼķ߿࣬ϣܰ֡
ǹȻϴӦţȴһֱûʵжÿԪʱԹæΪãٳٲȥ֡
ææɣԪ⣬Եȡ
ǽЩʱæĲɿƵĽӼͣذҾ̫ʦҲʹߣÿ춼͹һʲô
̫ʦκͣͺ͹УĪ֮һǳ٣һǷ⽮Ұ⣬ȨѬ졣
ԪԸЩ֣ûʲôļƣ˵κ͵ʹˣκҲȤģԼжôô磬ʲôʲôƯ͹ˡ
նԪ˽ƽʱҲʲô
һιպʹ̸Ԫ֮ˡ
ʱպʹڿ̸ԪѪȥݲڣûǰʿ֪ͨԼĵȥˣΪʱһϲء
ǵӺŽȥ׼ȥõʱ򣬾Ȼ˵ĶԻ漰ԼҲĵ
ʱ˵á
֣飬ȷʵǹĳûã̫ʦʧˡ
شˣȷʵϣ˭뵽·ɱУһвöˡ
ģǴʲôԷðģ
պ޺޵һӣĲ죬ȥôãЩڻ
شˣǱƻڵǷؽɱȻЩӴܣֱɽڣ;˿ָɽѲΪһڶʹ˾˱ɽɣһԻõ׳󣬶»Իûʼ֧֣ɽѲҲнڶʹĴ𣬻ʵҲһڶʹˣԹش˳ʵ۾Իֹ֧ش˵ġ
ָӣɫĲ˵
кܶô̫ʦǱҲѾ׼ʱܳӦشˣ¼лбޱɽذܣʱ̴ˣʵ뽫ɽȨջȥɾɲˣ̫ʦڳƣΪڶʹ˸蹦̵£ʱýڶʹʡһӵкڵأܴͨڣϵǱߵˡ
ǱߵθڲСĳʵ治̫ǣ
ǣҲǣˣ޷ıá
շļ̸ʱӵʡ֮ггŵϣټӦ½ıѾУȨҲ̫ʦգڶʹ˵Ĵҵѽ
ߣڻ˵Щʲôã鶼һнˣ治֪޼ôµġ
شƺѽҿ˵Ĵҵ棬ȥµ뷨Ҳ棬ѹ֮֡Ϊǰ;Ȣ˹ǹʵںʹ˲ѽ
շҡͷƺΪƽ
Ҫûθڡ
ˣҲҪڻģҪĳڴƺ޾һβɣǿһΡ
ֵ˼ǣ
ǰЩӣǱߵ˲ڶʹӲǵմ𣬽ڶʹ˿ù´Ϊǰȥÿ˵ڶʹ˹ذ񡣡
Ȼأ
Ȼ飬Ͳ˵ˣ죬˭֪᲻·ɱһɽѲɱ֣·Ͻɱء
ֵ˼ĳˣϴεֶհᣬǰɣ
ڶʹĳϬ
ڴЦԪĵ㺮
ԭˣԭ˰
ǹֹճٳٲΪԼѰɱֵ䣬˰ɱ־ȥģָʹ˵Ļ޼ɱԼġ
պ̫ʦʹ̸ı֮⣬Լ֮޻ɽѲţȻ󷢱ɽһȫʡʡɹյĺ԰
ʡΪݵأѾʵͳ͢һȨ㳯Ұ̫ʦӦΪǵˣ⼸ͻȻѣȫ»գ
̫ˣ̫ˣ
Ԫֶţҷһŵ˳ȥ
֪ʱ򾪶˹գֻ·һ
ȢԼŻ˻ʵ۱µ˽ڶʹıû뵽վȻҰģ˽ڶʹȻ뵱ʵۡ
Ϊ˵ʵۣȻϧɱԼ
ԪоĻ䣬ѹֹЩԼǲ䲻ȵģԭûϲԼԼֻһӣʱԱɱӡ
ĻҲãҲգԪһˣȥ뱻ɱ
ڶʹǹյˣԼȻǹû˻Լģںϵؽ磬ֻ֪ڶʹˣ֪ʼΪ
ԪܣΨһεˣֻӥˡ
ҲǶӥļ֣ԼܽǸ֣лǸУֻӥ
Ԫҵӥ˵ӥҲˣԪڶʹܴˣܣֻҪܹصʦʵ˵ôյļı޷óѡ
ʵۿסûгϣԼ޷ɽûйɱҲûзɽɣֻΪǧָˡ
ҹʰһЩԪΪڻѳƳ£ʻһ뿪˽ڶʹ
˵ϹǲȥԪķģǵڶϳԷʱ˶ҪԪһҹʱ䡣
ͨ˳ţ뿪֣ݸ
Ժӥʻ񱼣ֱȥ
˵Ƿ֮󣬾ͺܽӽˣ˺ϵؽ磬˹յΧпܻصȥʵˡ
ҹɱһ˿ͣΨֹ׷
ϾշԪˣͻѯʣһѯ֮£϶֪ԪͷĿҪԼͲˮԪûԼͲ裬һ룬ܲµԪԼļƻˣղɱŹ֡
ӥıӳļ˿һƥֵˣһ·񱼣ԽԽӽǷ⣡


073 ҪѲ
ӥԪһ·񱼣˴ҹƥ鴤ˤڵأҵŵˡ
ӥûʱƥˣҹ䣬һ·ĿİٶȲǺܿ죬Ҳܳȥһٶ˵ȥˣǵǷⶼҪϿܵĻͻᱻ˼׷ϡ
֮Ԫˣտ϶ɳȫղصĵطǰķҲԼ˽µ·
ӥɴԪ˲УԪСѧϰ䣬ʻ㲻Ŵ·ǰȡ׷֮ǰĽӽȻѡС·

ڶʹǱߣҲһӥԤϵһ㣬ʱԪŮȥԪ£ûзԪȥѰҲûУձˣһѯ֮£֪ԪϺӥˡ
һѯʣ֪ԪϽøԼݲ裬ǹղûпԪ֪̾黵ˡ
ϽѰң֪ҹԪųˡ
ǲһǧ׷ȥһǧˣʵ׷ɱԪģҪٸϵ߹أǰص·
ֻҪ˵·Ԫ޷뿪ϣôֻҪںϾڣղԪܲصס
;֪ͨѲ飬˽޼˹
޼Ȼɽ˵ܲȴ֣ݣһҲнʱ䣬޼ɾס֣ݡ
õ󣬻޼ɺܿ˽ڶʹ
޼һ£Ŀƣ»Ƴ룬ȻǵʿҲôЩɷǵζ
޼Ǻϵһ֣ڶ壬һ̽Ѿﵽ˳뻯ĵزͶüžöսһĽô¼ֲСʱ
ʮǰ޼ɵõտأıɽ֮λڲ켺ܿɽɴȨڹյ֧齨ˣʵ˳߲Ĳԣ֣ϻ޼ɵ书ֶΣȻ˶ԺֵĴƿأΪʡֵͷ
Թգ޼ɹĺܣվԼĹˣɽںܹΪһɣǹڱֵ֧ԭûйգûл޼ɵĽ죬޼ѾȫΪ˹յ߹ʹȥɱʵۣҲȥ
ֵϣ޼ɱܻӥȮצ߹ˣֻ˸ڻ޼ǰ
ƽҲԻ޼мӣ֧֡
ֻ޼ϴεûаãùΪãԴ˻޼ҲΣһֱһᱨڶʹˡ
յõϢٶȸڶʹʩ
»޼ɼڶʹˡ
Ȼ޼ɲǹˣȴһֱԾӡ
ɣ
ɫã޼С˰ƨɣȴڶʹ˵ķԸ
ˡ
޼ɫһ䣺ˣ˵»󣬲ûʲôʣ˵²̫ļƵˣôˣ
ְ˰ͷϣҺͷʹ۹ϴʧֵ飬һЩ£Ǹʱ棬ӦʲôȻˡ
޼Ҳ󾪣ڶʹ˵ô£֪ģǲĴ£ҪĴ¡
ϢˣˣֻҪܻسôȴϽڶʹԼԼЩ˵ģ֮֡
ˣ֪ĸˣ˭һܵģ
ӥһܵģѾˣųĳǣӦس
Ǵ˵˼ǡ
տ˻޼һۣΣصΨһĿġ
˷ģͽĳɡ޼վϣεıýڶʹ˿ġ
ѾɳѰˣȻųĳǣǲųⲼԻĿܣҲȥˣص㻹棬ΪǵĿ϶ǻسҵѾȳǰȥı߹أߵģԲܿ죬ҵӣһ뿪֮ǰؿڵġ
㣬һǾֻܹԹԵǺϣͼ򵥶ˣˣľٶ࣬Ǹӥǽˣóľһף¾𵽵ò󣬻ʿС
ӥŹܲ죬ȥɣץסǣ͡
޼ɵͷǣȥܹĵ֣֯ȥѰӥ͹䡣
ջ޼ɵĹƣӥܵģһҹ֮䣬ټϰ죬ڵǷҵʱ򣬾ͻᱻ׷ϣһѡεС·ǰԼ˽ӽǵʱǿ϶ûǷ⾳ڡ
صѲĵطǵǷ⡣
εѲǳشԪûܻسôǵļƻͺܿܳɹһɹҽս֮С
ԪˣôյļƻûκγɹĿܣǱ߿˳ţû̫ʦ֧֣ճΨһĽǿɳܵʧܡ
ԪԲܻص
һ£
޼һ£ϵֵ౳彣ʿ˸أѰһ˿ץסܵˣõĽ
ССˣһ¹ʢ˵Ѳںϴϯ

ӥĸоһ׼Ժ͸оܼߴ·ˣΪһԪˣôյٶ׷ģ֣ݵǷⶼòʱԼ˻ûǷͻᱻ׷ϡ
ԸоɫӥʹԪɽ֡
ɽУԽɽԽߣӥֻôԪɽֱԵǰľΣԶٵϳԼ˿ԼʱĽɽ֮С
ɽûһʱԶٵ̳Ӧǳӡ
ʱӣӦǹյ׷ˣҿ϶Լ˶ӥҴ⣬Ԫɽꡣ
Ƕȴû˿ͣŹٵɳۣһʧ˵·ľͷ
ӥǹȥˣûǣ̫ˡ
Ԫ˷֣ܵܶһԺûʲôˡ
ӥЦһ£ⲻǺ£ǽڶʹ˵ľӣǵĿģ϶ȥ߹أǺܿ޷صˡ
ղŻ˷ܲѵԪһͷˮŵصӥǸô죿߹طǾ޷صˣ
ӥεص˭ûа취ֻһһˡ
ۼ䣬Զֳˣоŵ·Ѳ飬һЩʿ֣;Ӹһһģʲôطҡ
ӥЩˣӻãЩ˵׷ԼûаȫܣοŹƿ
߰ɹٲ߾ˡ
˵ӥԪˣɽ棬Ҳܶһֱȥ
أɫһ꼴
ɽðǰУȻ࣬ȴڸ˶·ĺۼ
֮УԪЩֲסˣӥӥ߲ˣһ̫ܶˣҸطϢһ°ɡ
ģȥϢѽ
ӥҲˣˣǶ˾߲ˡ
ۣ
һɽصԼš
ӥ̧ͷŬѰķ


074 ŭ
ջɵģžôݶֵҲˡ
ԪҲû飬վڴǰ꾰
һ¥ӣǻԪ涨µĹأʲôֵͣһ顣
֮Уɽ˹
˻Ԫķ䣬ɽеصɣˣǸʿˡ
Ԫһôģ
췽ɽҾڵؽ￴ţһҹҲûжղǸߺߣҾͽ˳Ƭ̣Ǹ˿Ѫˣ
ԪƵؿŴ⣬϶Լ콫ϲһ˵Ĺˣҹ꣬ؽѳʪϼˣȻôˡ
һͼǲԪ浱ȻںʹţԪҲҪŪ
ؼ֮ǰʲôмֵϢû͸¶ûԪ˽ɵĴ˸գЩź
ˣ˰ɣʬ崦
ɽͷȥǲçǿɱͬϷʬҲǾḻ
ﲻ̫ʹ죬Ԫһɡ˳ȥ
߶ѾϺɽˣվһƬãűĿԪתһЩ
ŭڣƾЪ
Ԫ濴Ŵ꣬鱼ţһɽ죬Ǹոһ䣬ͻȻʲôԼĹͷڨڨر죬ʫŭ⾳ã⾳ȴʺԼˡ
ͻȻԶɽһ죬żĺХڰը졣

Ԫüͷһ壬ŵģٻͬԼ߸õģʿõظࡣ
һ֧ƼǧѵǸͷ
Ԫ泶ŲǸ򿴣Ƕɽʮ뿴ûпܵġ
˰ûпʲôԪ㬵ջĿ⣬ҪиԶͺˡ
ʹûԶܳȡǸӥҲаὫϢԼ
ҲǲҪ죬Ԫɴ뿪صԼķ

ˮ죬˵ϣͣ
ˮͣ˺ֵǳɨͥԺͣˣ϶дŵģ׼ĹҪġ
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ʱַ˼飬ȾǹɽڴͨζɹͻƵ쾳磬εĺֵڶֵı
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Լʲôʵһ㣬ԪһֱǱ̸ֻܶǹŪ˵Լʵûʲôʵ
⵹滰ϧûһţϾԪżֳṦƷĵĴͼӲޱȵͷ˲ɽֹĸо
ܹɽµӰ죬ɽȻҲͻˣΪ˺Բȹֵֵλá
ֵǶʼˣɽڡ
ϰȫԹκûгȡϵͳڹ֮ǰ޵ķš
ڹͻȫһ
ɽºɽĸ֣Ѿǿˣֻϰڹ־񲻷ʺϴڹӡ
Ԫ汾ͯӹȻķչûиʮĿֲڸֵӣôʱڸЧڼڷչֵĻԪ˵õѡ
ԻԪһֱȡһŸߵȵڹķҪ죬ʺռ
ڴ֮ǰҵص㾫ȫŵϣʹһڹķҲܽ¡
ҹ˽ʮ㣬ǰµĳȡˣԪһεĳȡڴǸоҲܳһЩĶ
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ʱʱ䣬Ѿϰ˵ˣһҲո¥ûãôʱأһںȡ
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ˣһһŮ˶ڣекü˿ڣһѽ滹ѪŮҲǱγıӷţƺ˵ӡ
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һŶԷűУﾯ裬ûнȫ򿪣Ǿؿӡ
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յ뱻׷ɱİȫĴʣֻлͷͽյıݻسԸ֧š
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һȥҹɽˣԪǻصԼķ䡣
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Ԫ治ϲڷչֲǣܾܿͽ´ȥǾԲܽܵġ
Ҫһȫ֮ߣԪҪҹɽһ¡
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󽱵λãԪѡпʼͼת˹㡣
תԺ󣬻Ԫ۾ĬĬصȴ齱

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˼ӣƷȫȡˣϵͳʾ𣺡³齱ǷȡƷ
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޺áááĦöоѧģҲǻԪΪصĸá
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ԺÿڶµûʲôãΪǴɮ֮ĿǰܳƵϸɮòƾͻԪһɲԼȻûӡ
ԺǳǵľһֵγְģǸøԺһɮҲòϡ
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ڻԪȡ޺ȻϰףǱϾϰ֮أҲöŵɮйУܸЩûܽõĿꡣ
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һֱƽĻԪ棬ҲСѡȡ


076 ߿
Ԫ濴˿ڵĿռ䣬ͦȡ˽Ʒ
ͽƶֱӵԪϽװá
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޴˫ᶶһ£̹һ磬ԪûͷͷĻѾˡ
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һξͳˣʱԪȡѧʹûȡӥû뵽һֳˣһԼȡ֡
ظŽӥӲëӥҲʱԪ֣ͰһϵͳֻϻԪˡ
룬Ԫ߳⣬ӥҲҡҡڰڵ˳

Ԫӥ´
ӥ˫һģƽعһ磬ĻԪɮԡ
ۣҵ죡
ڵʱ򣬽ӥȻܸߴ󣬵ǻûԼĸ߶ȣԻԪҲûýӥܴ󣬵һһչ򣬿ǰѻԪˡ
쿪ĳȾȻдףһƬƣһ󣬷ҡֱϣ˲ʧҹ֮С
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𣬻޵޺ͬʱʾʽŵӣԸΪɮģɮɮɮѧɮϰ䣬ɮϸߣɽ޺ã
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µĿٷչɽһɣɵǿҲ
ʦ֣ǲۿôչȥˣ죬죬ֺоʹﵽʮˣȥǾмˣһЩ¼ĺУЩֵġǵķɻͳһЩнһξľ㽲һʱЩҲ֪ôһص¡ȥò˶ãɽһɵǾҪˣ
ŰⲽҲЩʧ˷ִ硣
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ǺڵʱԼͲɽĶ֣һԼûлˣ˵ֻиĪķˡ
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ۿַչģȥһҧȥʥ̵ĺϷֶ棬˳棬֣
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ʡݣħ̶зֶ棬ÿֶ棬һλԲĸֵζ
кʡֶ棬컸иºŽ˱һ֡
ĸִ£ȫǺڣʣħ̵Ҳˡ
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컸̾ϢһʥŮŷų񼣣ȻԸˣֻһǾͲٽˣʥŮ죬ǵġ
ǼȻǾͻǸɵʹߣ˵ǲˡ
ʮأ˵Ͳˣ
Ƕ˼ǣ
ȥīˣǰȥ֣ʥŮǺǸйϵʲôֶΣҪǸʥŮǰϾʧһʥŮ϶ˣֻҪʥŮ뿪£Ƕ־޹˼ˡ
īˣǸŮˣ
Ǹִһĭ˵µķǸʮҵУĺжУֻīһ֣̾͹ԹԵ˼ҵȹ֮ÿһ׷涼˳ʲôˡ
ٺ٣ǰ˵һУǱīˣЩѳֲסŮʵ
δ˵īĸ˭
ĺˣأһˣĹԶ޷ˣ˵ĺ󻹲ģĺٸĽ꣬ĹǣѾ˷豹ľˣ̫࿴˶ܳ
Ǳߵִţˮˡ
컸Цҡͷϧī˶Ⱦָģ˵Ľˣˣ棬ϿȥɣСĵ㣬ī˰Ļˡ


078 
£ҶӸúĺ죬ûƵĻƣ̵ЩţɽȾ˲ɫĻ
ֵ峿ǳоԶԶȥǵĽŲ֪ɽƶ
Ԫ޺ùۿɮϰԺɢ
ǣ𽥵˸ԪҲǰôˣǹʩ񣬱ڸɮ𾴡
ǻԪҪЧ
ӰɽԪ󣬷׷׼ӿ˽Ų
ŮС䡣
ɡ
Ůӷ׷׻Ϊ񣬻ԪҲ
λŮʩĺ簡
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ֲΪʲôҪȥҵҲЩϰգֵǳ𣿻˿ʲô
ҲֵؿŻԪ棬Ҳ֪˿ʲôΪʲôҪ
Ԫ濴ԷŮӣھ˵˶淨С䷢ˣòӲͷƤ͵˿һֵĶһƵķнƶǳ
ĶѽҪǮǮĻһǲѧˡ
ʵģСôˮᵽǮ;ú
ȻǶǮ˵˿ϻڹ갡ֽʲôĶС
Ԫ˵ţ뼸Ůϱڹ龰ƿɴɫĽϻżСڹ꣬ǶôȤĻ档
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ǰһԪ濪ڵӷ𣬲֪λʦӺζ
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С䣬Ҫ˵ȥݷɡ
ֹС䣬ȻԻԪɼȻпˣСŮӼ˾Ͳˣϣһ췽ܽҼ˶֮
ӷԹǰȥ˵齫ƶɮᡣ
Ҳ׻Ԫ˵ô齫ô£һһȥ
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ǸҲɫѿȴúС䷢ȵŮԶˣԻԪһ䣿
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ĺŭһֹԼӵĺ˭óԪ˵˼Ҫ͵Ӳǲǡ
ĺǳ⣬һвҶˣæ졣
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Ԫҡҡͷȷʵû˵ԼѾµ˲ֻ࣬װͿѣڴδϽȶĶǣȻһûˡ
ǺãȻ㲻֪ղŵƶɮҲ㣬ھҪ㣬ΪʲôҪ£
λʦĪļƶɮȸһ£Ҵû˵˵˭ƫƫȴ˵ҵʦΪλʦǶͷˣôпƭӣֻûи״ԲźǷƭӣֻҪȻҲ㹦һƶɮﻹͭ塣
˵ţԪͭ塣
һǵʦȥ£׬ȡĵһʳͣʱƶɮСʦͭƶɮ˵ƶɮԺҪڼԼַչʲô̶ȣ˷ѡ
ŻԪ憪µģǱһǰ಻סˣԻԪԴˣʦҪ飬ô҆ûꡭ

ԪͻȻһһ죬˵
Ϻжɫ䣬һ䣬ôȻɷڵʨӺأҪ֪ŹԼǸոտʼӴûôأ˭ģ
һס˶ԷԪڶͭ壬ƶɮϷɺȡĵһöǮֵһ棬Ҳشͭƶɮ˺ܾãûǱҲҪԵռλʦƼݣʵѴ֮ƶɮֻʹ˶תλʦϣλͭȥԺϴ֣˰ɡ
˵꣬ԪʵǰŶԷûдӸղŵȫָֽͭŵ˶
ӷ𣡹һ
ŻԪķĲ
޷ԪʨӺ𣬶ǱˣΪļ棬书Уôܻͨأ
Ǿôһʱ䣬ԷͰǸ⡢ЩΣȥͭԼ
һ仹£ƺǾȿѣȱΪķһһ˲εĸо
ͭԼˣԼȻĽˣ
ϺмĻ谡ĳ谡
ҪģҪĶҪöȻܵԼ̵ģһ䣬ϴЩʲôģ


079 ʦ
ĺһһϬͬĶǽͭݺݵˤ˵ϡ
ֶָŻԪıӣҸ㣬һ䣬װɵģʦʦｨ֣֪ģǸʱҲֻģûôѣ߾ֻһ֣ѵﲻģ
ѽһֱҲǣʦ֣ⶼ֤ȷĶ㻹װʲôͿΪŵӣţǺξģ
һҲˣ̫ˣһ̫ˣȻһͭϷˣԼֱҪˣ
ƶɮ˵ʵƶɮʦȷʵ
ʦʲô
ƶɮʦڤȷʵǱµĵһηɣ֪ʲôϵ
ڤ
һ£ͻȻЦˣˣһʱǽߵʱʦҪֵ֪ˣԿʦĻ˷ţĳڤʦֶ϶ô¡
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ҲգȻл֮ģƶɮ㿴һЩ֤ݡ
˵ţһùһ
ɣﻹʦĶϲ裬ˣ㿴Ҳûã㵱˷ɣʦ̫ϳˣʦһоͶˡ
Ԫؿ˿ǰģϺǳҳԴˣڻΪԼʦš
ʦ˼ĸǰѾȥˡ
ӷ𣡡
ţȴδʲôʹ֮ɫûԪвϲ
Ϻе뵱꣬ʦֵˣ书ߣʦԷΪãΨʦķ涼УȴƫƫܵʦĻģֻʦˣû뵽ʦҲǰˣʦͽж
˵Ŷ̾ϢǻԪôֻı顣
ˣȥ˼ãһ䣬֪ʦ˰ɡ
Ԫ滹ûشСҲزţ㣬ǺɽиضΪɣӦ֪ɡ
仰˵СԱߵһûǻԪˡ
УȷʵԼĴʦǰЩʱ򣬵ض˵ġԡԼ˭ĵӣ˵˿շɮڿҲշɮԼʦʦҲʦүˡ
ܿϧԪûκεĹУʼ˵ֵһЩڴһοĺУһ˿ڴҲˡ
ĺкȻûԾԻԪʦֶȻ˷ɣôƶɮͺ˵ˣ֣ҪΪ˺ɽߡ˵ǸܹԸʹƶɮҲУڶ޷޷ǹвǿȡɵİ취׽Ǹ߳ȥӦ֪ɣǸɽǲƵĵҩ
ǸǺˣ
ʱȲ˵ЩҩģʦӦҩ˳ͷȥʦѾˣƷͱ뽫ȥ
Ԫ汾ϣʱһĵǲ֪ʦкֶܶԸǸضأ
˹ߣս֣ƶɮа취ԸֻҪһЩʱհˣܸ㡣
룬ļһסǵĺɽϣԺһڣɽǽأ㲻κɽһԺȥ㻹ķɣһһЩҩһҪܡ
Ԫֵܾ벻ӦҲУ㣬ƶɮѾڣɲ㲻ӦҲһĸƶɮôƶɮŻҲûʲôԵġ
ĺеļ仰ûԪʧˣڵԼȷʵ޷ԸģǻԪ治Ҫ£Ǳ£һµʱ䣬ϻдʱԼδؾûлᡣ
ҪԸضߣĳ˵ǻԪּɵġ
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⣬Ԫʩ񣺡ƶɮͼʦˣʦôôɣƶɮҲܲţԸסںɽסûзӣԼȥɡ
˵Ժ󣬻Ԫߵ˦һӣԼķ䡣
ǱķЦһҲЦˣСӣ㵹ǿ񰡣ܰô
˵ԺֶĵʦСĿ𳤣Ҫʰ
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ģлʦ
һ۾˸˷ܵĹâѾڿʼԼΪ֮ˡ
Ĵһֱȥ˺ɽ·Ԫſڣ־ԪһҪԼɮڣκ˲ȥɽΣա
ֱȥ˺ɽˣԪҲûиȥ͵Ĵ㣬ΪڵԼѾȥ͵ˣƶ֮Ȼһ˫۾ǵһһ۵ףǻ֪
Ҫ˵ӥô̫ˣɽǵٻԪ涼ѾˣǼѾ˵Ƿı߽ûмǰɽһض˶˽ȥÿվ͹ɽɽŪһʳάţôĵɽȴʱ
ӥԪûг֣Ԫ廹Щӥչš
ضڱɽ·ˣÿСģƾ˵ѰңҲδǵټ
ҹɽ»棬һЩٵߺۼѲ˵ע෴ķ򣬲ΧѰңֶԶԶġ
һûԪǳ⣬ɽµģˣͳ㣬ԪͲİΣӲ
ݻԪƣʱǼǲˣͬʱЩҲҲǣʱ̫ġ
Ҳ̫־ãһǿ϶ҪسǹһҲǣ϶ӴѰң߶Ҫڳ
ʮģӦû⡣
ڻԪýӥעҪںɽϣоڸʲô
Ͼ¹غɽضߣ治һɽҩпд˵еӡ
ӵļֵ˵ˣɽ»һһֱڵȴԪϢӵ֣Ԫ滹ûеõ澭ĻôԪͻὫݽȥ˽һ׮͵İ
Ԫ治ΪԼзģǾʵǿ֮οǰһλŮһгɾ͸е顣


080 
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һĶݺݵس˻޼ɵϡ
ķˣûжԻ޼ɶ֣ô֣涯ֵĻ޼һоȡһιıˡ
޼ɣ㵱ڶʹǰ׳ղɣҲͰˣȻһ˻˵ƭңŲھͿԴ˳׽𣡡
޼ίˣɱңҲƭѽǱŷˣ˵ͷϷߵģճЦţҿˣ˵ҲˣŶµľҲˣ
һɺԣôûܴϷɣǻ𣿲ˡ
ˣ
޼ɹڵأǧȷֻ쿪ӽɣͨѩףĿƣ˫צ繳ͷԼʮɴӶڴıϣǾˣһֻһǴ³򣬼ûطͱҲ㰡ɵҲ̫ˣں׷ϣƨĹûоͿӰˣ
޼ɣٸԻڣŲűɱ㣬˰
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ˣǴҶˣ
ӳæͣԹյմķԸץҪҲУһ䣬ֻӻӳ򣬾ͰЩʱ򣬻Ǻüֵܣ˻ء
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׷ˣǱǳȥ׷һɵ̫׷ϣܿ͵ɽʡĵؽˣǰǶԷĹؿҲ׷ˣֻǻڶʹ˶ˡ
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һδɱһͻȻðĺкһƥʲô˾֣һιõϢˣԼΪ϶ܲԼģԼǵˣÿһӺϴص·ԼˣʿԼ׷飬ΪʲôΪʲôƫƫͱĳһأ
Ϊʲôƫƫ賤ô󣬾ȻܴŴ˷أ
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ˣڶʹˣ
˶ʱæң׷ӿȥӵӣеУпźųȥҴģڶʹæһš

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һŮ΢΢Щ֣µʯ̨ЩȴһŮӡ
һŮӺ岻̫õӣȥݣȴ쳣ɫŮеļƷ
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ͣЪЪԱǶȥ
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Ԫ濴Ůӵĵһо뵽Ů
ϱӵӾ翴ˣʲô鶯ƬҲˣԪŮ˵оν裬ŮȻȻĻֳŵȣֻ磬ɵˣⷽĲЩˡ
Ů˵ɫ࣬ûȻɵĸоҲû崿øоȴһ˿꾫ĸо
ûǺ꾫Ǻܶβ͵֡
Լ鲻ΪӥѾ񣬽ͻ˳ѾأںɽϿռء
ҹɽҲˣһӥ
ӥСҲûˣӲҪˣ뿪ʱ򣬾͸ӥı·ˡ
ֻ֪ӥַĺӥһȳңΪУҲ볯͢ЩĶǵˣΪʼѾˣΪԼһˡ
ӥ˵ˣӥɵģԼӥٹ˳ȴʱ
ҲǲƾնһԲĸ֣ǻԪصġ
ϴμӥǺڣһʱ䱣ɱҲͻˣƾΪԪһ
ֻҪӥ֣˹ͷٻɮۣһ˲ϳģҹˣҲû޹ؽҪආˣԶӥ֣Ԫһ㶼ġ
˺飬ȻҪ䣬û뵽꾫
ҪΪСı㡣
ԪֹһЩûõģǸ꾫ķȥ


081 ƶɮǳ
ŮƺûпԪ˹ǽһĬĬصȴţȴǰϡ
ԪǲӦøȥģܾŮӺ񶯻ԼҲüˣԼľŮӸԼĸоǰݷġ
ԻԪҲŽԱ߹ۿ㡣
һֵŮӡ
ŮӽԱŮݹ㣬ڷǰȼȻ˫ֺʮ档
ŮīԸţմӱ߹ػǧҪˣǧҪ£īѾ̫ˡ
˵ţīŮӵͷƺЩĵӡ
ԱߵǸֹƺЩ̣С㣬ͲҪ˰ɣ߹ص˶˵ˣţսɳˡ
û컹εˣ˵˵ܿͻˣȢҹŵġ
īҡͷֹ˵Ļ
С㣬㲻Ҫô˵ˣ֪֪ÿοӣүˣңĶҪˡ
ֹ۾ˮ
īЩҵЦһ£Ϊҵģţ飬֧ص磬İõġ
޼۱ѵɣλǶԵġ
Ԫ˼䣬ڿ˵ˡ
īͷ˻Ԫһۣ۾ˮӯӯƺϾҪǻǿԼţмĶԻԪһͷȻŤ˻ȥ
Ǳߵֹ￴˿Ԫ棬У֪ʲô˵ȻţС飬ǰţƶúܣһӻȥˣСôĿȣʹˣҲҪŹȥܿģǼҵ˶ͬ¡
ߣҲ밮ܲɷֵģһе飬ԳΪһλС㣬Ѿ֣ҲͽͰˡ
īԪĻŤͷԪ棬ص˵ͷԻԪʦ˵úܶԣϧǲ⡣
Ǹֹϸ˻Ԫ漸ۣͻȻīС㣬㿴λʦţ磿
īԣҲϸشԪ棬ԽԽ¶֮ɫȻվߵ˻Ԫǰƺʶ֣ȥԪա
֣ߵţ磬ôҵˣСޱңһûϳأôѵҪīǶ˵ˣ֪û㲻ҪңûؼҺò
˵Ż˫ˮͬȪˮӿ˳
ֿԪʱ򣬻Ԫһ
һ˵ޱȼѣˣʱ϶˵Ҿ͵οһѵŮӰɣҪ̫ģʵﻹǴͷġ
ǻԪûУޱȵᶨһȻһīλŮʩϴˡ
īһ˿棬漴ָֻʵصţ磬ΪʲôϺϣ֪ǹҼ׵̫ˣҶûдӦǰҵľо𣿡
о
Ԫᶨҡͷȷʵûо
ҿסĵطòã˶࣬Ƕڿǡ
ԪͷȻ߽ˣȻ˵ԼǱϾǲÿ˵ͷīǸС΢߳
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һ۾´ī죬¶һ˿̰Ԫ濴вϲһѧ꣬Լ˺ü꣬ô⸱УҲ֪˵⣬ֵˮƽΡ
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ţ磿
һؿŻԪ棬ԪЦ˵ﲻ͡
ʲôţ粻ţ磬ʹǰţ磬ҲûκιϵԪúһ˵ôôɡ
һѽʦ˵㣬Ȼʶ˼ңͲҪװʶӣɾͿҪҿֻѡһǲ˼ң𹼸˼ŮӣһǼķɣܶҪ
ƶɮȻǷɡ
ǺãģȻţǷ治ʯģһ䣬̫ʦʧˡˣȻ㲻ԸҲûǿ㣬λ㲻ôƶɮԲ㣬ƶɮȥ
īûкɫصһһۣͺ¿ʲô֣ǱȴģҡҡͷỨĽһлλʦˣֻ밢ţңҺۣҪ߲ˣţ磬ò
ղŻ˵ţת֮Ҫˡ
һ򱻾ܾЩޣȻԪ棺Ѫ˼Ҷ㣬ͱʲô˲ģΪ㷽ɵӻ˼Цƶɮǿˡ
Ԫ濴˿Ǹīֿ˿Աһֱʦ֣ͻȻͷǺãĪƶɮͱ㵽ɽŴʣ·ԼߣΣ
лţ磬֪᲻Լߵġ
īͬСһȸԾɷȻ飬ȴ˲俪ʣʲô˲Ĵ󹦵һ
ǱߵֹСޱ΢΢һ˿Ц⣬С㣬㻹÷
Ԫī΢΢¶ףī˵һԾ˻ԪıϣŽѹڻԪıϣҲǲֵŤŤȥǱߵһޱȼʡ
ඣ
ԪǰߣֻоīԼһ˫޳ȴӺסԼŻȣԼҲ
īֱۻŻԪĲӣһֻĴ˻Ԫǰһָ΢΢ڻԪؿػȦȦ
ŮʩĪҪҶ
Ԫ滹̲סʿˮĳ嶯ƶɮµ
Ҫţ磬˼ұħɡ
ƶɮħ
ģ˵㽲μǣϲӣӵı¡
ˣƶɮûôı¡
˵оɽ¿ջסһȥұ𹿰òã
ԪֻؿڷȣţĵŮȻֶΣѾﵽ൱
ǻԪ滹ǻͷīһۣڵŮʩϧˣĲǳ̣Ҳе磬ƶɮҲкͼΨһľɫŮʩ°׷Ļˡ


082 ɹ
˻ԪĻīһ£ϾǸϻ۵Ůӣܿ˻к壬һʱ糺죬Ȼ֪νӻ
ǰ˴ԼʮףԪͻȻһ䣺㾭𣿡
ǰΪ˰ţ㣬ҾģǰڱԺ⻹ǵһ¡
棬ﻹҡԼıӣǲġ
ԪЦˣͻȻתǹ֪Ҫĵ𣿡
ī͵һ£Щͣţ磬˵ʲô
ֻ㣬ǵһΰݷɣ׼δִһЩ̫أ
īЩӲǻСӺڻԪؿڻȦȦָҲͣ
Ѿ˵ǰԪվסˣīͷƶɮţֵùɷѿĵԸңҷǳǸǵУƶɮ֮Ķҡ
˵Ժ󣬻Ԫתߣƺûī˴ڹһ
ī˰죬ɫת֮󿴵ԪıӰͻȻת磬ЦСе㱾£ʧߣȻ⣬Ϊʲô·ô֣ǲʲôŵ鱻˿أ
˵ԺīСޱߣûлˡ
Ԫص˺棬ķӦԻָһ㣬ﰵҪԼͿԷֻ㣬Ҫˡ
𹿰ģ㵹ǻһ仰òĻԪ涼ܲˡ
ʱǸһŭ˹ԻԪһ䣬ΪɣŮӣɺͳ
Ԫûдֻߡ
һں棬Խطŭһ䣬˷ɣŮӼףǲΪɮ
˵ղƶɮŵǸŮ𣿡ԪͷһһۣѾˣô㻹Ų𣿡
һʱſڽҪ⣬ȴ֪ôӺ˵

صԼķ󣬻Ԫӥ֮мǸīһһ
Ů˾Բ򵥣书ûжߣĹȴ൱ԼЩ󣬶ʱӹһ١
ΰ˽̵ǣûԵ޹ʵİҲûԵ޹ʵĺޣԪ治ΪԼٷ絽Ůĳ̶ȣοһ֮ͨĳŮԼһУڶŮ˵ʾ侴Զ֮ˡ
ӦҪԸԼԪ֪˭
ӥˣ֮Уεļīȥ
һϢ˻ΪͻԪ˼άͨӥĶҲͨϢݵԪԺ
ǸīȻҲסɽµֿջӥϣķ䣬Щ·Ƭ⣬û˳֡
ϸо˰·ƬΣԪûзʲôΨһȷľī϶˼ٰġ
ҲǺͷ˻ûҲڵȴһεĻᣬѾƶɮʶˣʲôأ
һ󣬻ԪͻȻͷкˮջ棬ǻס
϶һɺϣīԤıģԼ챻Ĺ󣬸ȥ˿ջĻ϶ᷢ˼䲻顣
ԺԼһ˿ҵӣɮҲûˣ߳ջţ˫ֱͷڽ㱼ϰָָЦǸ˿ԼһȻתߣʲôɰɮЦˡ
¹Ҳ治ȥˣٸҲңԼҲȥؽˡ
ԼģҲǸûóĽ𹿰ˡ
صغһԪŮ̫գȻݺƶɮƶɮŹģлգǰˮ֮ʱ
֪īһЩԪﰲһЩֻҪԷīҲ׵֣ɽԼͻڳԸƵˡ

ʱȥǸīԪýӥעַŻ˺ɽϡ
ɽϵĺһѾ˲®סԪҲϸԼˣںɽǽأκǰȥ
һԼ䣬ںɽǻڰճ״ĶǰһЩջļһһһСһСһ룬һŪһСƿҲ֪ʲôɻ
Ѭ죬߿еĽӥŵ
ҿڵķ߹ΣȻԪ˵ʲôҲǲͬôġ
Ѿȥضˣ̸߽һЩʲôӥǿܵض߽жϹ֣Ͳö֪ˡ
֮⣬ҲûĶ
ǲԪҲڵضĶϹֺʵǿԼֻŪɳ׾
ȻֲˣóĲ࣬ɽµߣԪе뷨ھͲˡ
Ԫ˼ʱͻȻɽ»ˡ
һ򣬹ɽ´󻹸һˡ
Ԫ濴һۺǸˣȻʧЦ
ӥΪ˶ĿҲͷˣ³æĲ̫ãһһĺ͹еĲࡣ
ӥԪ棬̹ڵأԻԪӥɷȣһֱδ׿ڵл
޷˵
ˣԪָֻ˸ɮȣ̸Ц磬Ƶᡣ
û뵽ӥȴӥΪԸΪɮ̷ǰƾɲǲϣɴȱܹӥ˫մѪ֮ˡ
ӥĵģǻԪΪԼɱ̫࣬ԼӡˣǷɼģصľһ飬һμеʱ˵뿴ɱ¾Լ͹ѡ
ϻԪ㲻ɱɱ㣬͵οˣɣƶɮǵظɮĪ˵ǰɱˣպбҪʱ򣬸ɱ֮ҲҪ
ӥ˫ĿŹ⣬С̫ƢˣһģӻͳһԻԪɣػʵӥжʱһʦ˵ֵ飬ӥҲûʲôⱾɹӥһżȻĻãԸڷɣΪӥ֮񡣡
Ԫ汾ƽıݺݵĴһ£ɹ
û뵽ϻؼԼĳ齱ϵͳǳֹŹģɮϰ
ӹӥĹؼԪ򿪿˿ؼȫûκεĲȱ
ΨһûϵͳؼԼһͻᡣ
ʹҲˣԪѧϰһŹҲãǴ˹ֵӣսһ̨ס
ϲĽؼ£ԪӥȻдģƶɮؼպͰ֣һȥһȣķžͽ۽
лɣ
Ӵӥͽл۽ˣָԪ˼ͷŸŹɽȥ
һԲĸֵ֣õеĹؼԪãڷչص·ǰһ


083 ضɱ
˼Ӻڱ˽
Ͼҵ˻յҲϸȥˣһʮɮʮɮ
˺ˣԪͣɮ󾫲̫࣬ݬ뷴ùȽһ˴γһѭͿԡ
ɹ˻ޣȽ죬ɮǴӻץÿܲˮЩͶܴĻ첻ͣظɣɻˣҪͷȵȣϻҪһ𷨣ÿޱȳʵ
ɮ𷨣һյõ˵زؾԺÿվͳˣ̵ɮԼҪϼоﵽ˷ʳĳ̶ȡ
ֵһУʼŽһ淢չûʲô⣬Ԫƣ֮ڣҲԼִܽɸʡĵһɡ
ĵӹûм죬³ϣӥʹϢɽжˡ
Ԫ漱æ뿪䣬ǰѶ챦ĵǰɽ
ԼȵľжĻԪûޣȻˣôҲолȴԼ
ǰضǱˣһڸŷ磬һݴΨġ
ڽӥĳǿҹ£Ԫȫɵرܿһļӣ˹ȥؽӽض
ҹɫ֮УѾֻʮףԪ治ҼǰˣǱ˲ݴ֮С
ĴʱվڶڣϹ֣ʴҩѾȫˣ㽫ҩͿĨں֮ϣһʱͻ㣬ʱƾĹȫˡ
ضϹֵ߿ˣСУ֪ûʲôģϷĵҩ𣬲ȻʦʦʦΪʲôû
Ǹ߹ʦʦʦܶˣھʣƶɮһˣⵤҩҲֻܸˣܷȥˣҲֻƶɮˡ
Ϲֳһ£ҲգضϷܹˣ㽫øʴҩɣֻҪܰãȻὫһɽҩȫ㡣
ٺ٣Ϲ֣ƶɮ㸯ʴҩ֮ǰǲҲʾһĳ⣬󻹵һ«Ҫ˵ûУƶɮʦշɮԼõģ«Ĵ󻹵ʮ«СǧĽҩһ㶼ٵġ
󻹵εȽʴҩýһ㣬Ϸ򿴵Ч֮󣬲ŻὫ󻹵㡣
һĸʴҩճĶֻڶЩˡ
Ϲֽʴҩùȥһض洫Ч⺮Ȼһ㱻ʴļ󣬿콫ʣĸʴҩϷ򡣡
ƺ˴󻹵飬ʣҩ˽ȥ
ֹһЩˣвУҩ̫Ӳûиղһȫİ
ϲȫԼһ°ɡشӦš
߼ĴתͻȻˣлʯŪһ𡣡
ϹֵĻԪͻȻһвá
ǸҪ󻹵϶ļԵʣʲôӦþǼŽĸʴҩϹ֡
ϹҲҩ֣ʴҩ⣬Ӧܿóû˵ҩúܸ
ϹֵҩЩӲ޷ϣҪû
ܾܿͳˣǻԪһʱҲЩ벻ףֻǾǱȴ鷢仯
һһ˿⣬ӦǶϹûҩˡ
ǸҲضŶڣƺڵȴʲô
֮ͻȻϹִһѽãҩж
ڴԼϹֲĵŭ𣺡СУúݶֶΣ
һֱڶػĹЦϹ֣ɣҩǸʴ֮ãǻɢɢɵģɫζԷֱ棬ƽʱ򻯣߻ֽ޷˹ƶɮΪܿ쵹£û뵽ôʱŵ£Ĺ̫ǿע̫أ
ģ㲻ҪڵҩϷˣΪҪ˲Ϸ򣿡
ҩȻҪģƥ㲻Ҫңʦǲǲϣ
ڱŭĶϹͻȻûϢһС֪飿
ߣʮǰɽϵսƶɮʦշʹʦǲսģ㣬㱾ҲʦǱߵģս֮УΪʧ󣬵´ʦΪ˾ˣʦ˲Σض֮ڣӡ
ʮǰ
ϹֳĬȻǱ˵ˡ
ʦ㣬ض˵ƵҩʵڴʦǰڣĵСųԶĻڻں֮У˵öҲԣ
û£ȷʵϷΣ鲢ô򵥣Щꡭ
ˣ
ĴĻЩ֥ùӵ¶ҲˣʮȥˣϵϣЩ¶˭⣬ҪûصҩҪʦӴֻ֣Ҫӵ֣ҾͿԽͬţȻȡɡ
̫˷ˣ˵е࣬ͻȻʶֱ죬һתϹ֣ˣﹶӲдĶʮ꣬ѾǷˣ㻹ǹԹԵĽӽһƤܿ࣬үһˣܸȫʬ
ضϹֵԽԽǻǼֵɽӽ¯ˣҲŰģ
ϹֵĻļˣһң
˵֮͵˵ض
ͻȻض洫ȭƽ˻ƵصϹ֣ñɣ
ϹֵǻǹЦİģôȥˣ㻹ôĴֶǻյ𣿿Ц㻹㲻ҲҪֲסˣƫƫɵɵĳ㲻˭򣿡
Ϲ֣⣬Ȼ͵Ϯƶɮ㱻ɢɢƣѾ㣬ڸһûˣƶɮȻˣɱҲ練ƣ
ɱɣҩ˲һԼİɣǲǿʼˣϷⶴץסһ岽ߣ϶ֶݶƵĶҩղźҶƵʱ򣬶Ѿڣ˶ȻϷãϷҲûнҩСУϷҲ汳
ȻжˣôңȻ޷סѽѽƥƶɮҪ㣡
һֽУǱƶûгɹ˻ƣѾﵽɥĲıԵ
ʱˣ
ȫ̼ල˵û뵽Ȼ֣ԪоˣһѳŵĶ챦һĨˮĺںҹ͵سĵص㣬ɿرǸض


084 
˶仯Ԫɱżһϵݣƽƣ˲˵ضǰ棬һͣѾ˵ض
ضڣѪҡҡλεǰߣƾҪŵߡ
ضϹֵˣʱƽţؿģûһ˿һĿ־֮ɫ
ȻģڶʮĶϹ֣Ѿôη壬ͷѾǾ£棬һɹöԷ壬ɹ汳
ڶϹֵ书ͷԣԪҲͷһڻԪ˵дá
ԪͻȻ˽һͷһǻԪ棬͸оЩãʱɳˣ϶Լġ
ܸоԪĹƺҲǽûжãԼһĴڣ־
ǽҪͷٳʲô⣬Ҳ˲ˣ̧ƾԪ
ԪŶ챦ȻʲôûԹǿܵģ򵥵ʩչһӣһĵնȥ
ܵ챦ķâĲӲȥ
ԪҪľǶԷ󳷣ȨԼ̵һ͵ǰ壬ȴƳˮĹȥ
˵ʵȻۿۣҲ߳Ԫܶ࣬ƻ
ǹ˼УĴ󾪣һƷȻ˳̶ȣƷȥѾȫ˴ɣͶ޹ҰȻԼƽɫ
һ̫ˣȻߣǳȭƣԼ˵ڸԽԽʹ
߶սѪҺѭȥ»ûȻһ䣬ԼͶˡ
һһҧݺݵĶһ޴ĶʱڻȪ·Ϻͷү
Σ
Ϻзеļ󣬻ԪͻȻһԾ𣬿ʼΧɽȦӡ
ʹ˲жģҲԼ׶ԸģԪɲȡһЩķʽλҾͲ㶼ƿ;ĵزˣܷʲôһľвԼ
Ȼı׼õɱòˣĵ׷˻Ԫ漸ԽԽǼֲסһƨɵ˵ϡ
Ԫûȥɽһʯͷ׼ĵԴͷ˹ȥ
ءһһڵأͷѪֱЩɢ޷ȥԼѪˡ
ٴһʯͷСֻ΢ĺߺһ£кѪʼ
ȻҪ군ˡ
ԪûȥģѾΪһȾԴɱȾˡ
˶ϹֵǰԪǰǰЩСɮǰСɮĹ𣿡
Ƕģ˭Ҳ׾ҳȥϹּѾҪˣȴûʲô˵ı飬ֻ̾Ϣһ
鳾վһհʮˣôظСУ࣬ͽնϣѾʱû˹޷вĵҩ㾡ȥ
˵꣬Ϲڻһһɫ缦ӳˡ
һɫ˸ıʯҪÿ֣͸¶һʥׯϵĸо
ǿɮӣ
ûɮӣѾʮˣЩÿ춼ڻں֮УɮΪ˾ҶģշΪ˳ͷңŽʮ꣬ʮ갡мʮš
Ԫǰû˿ɮծ
ϹҡҡͷĪ˵ʮ꣬ǧ꣬Ҳ˵ʱɮ˵ӣˣСУ㻹Ǹһʹ졣
ƶɮãǰѾˡ
ԪٴǰһӸµؿߣʮ꣬ʲôծҲóˣĪ˵㻹ȥ򣬾ģҲ׷ˣ칬ɱ˶ɣҲѹ𡣡
ϹЩãȻؿ˿Ԫ棬Щ˵˼
ʱԪͷû칬Ĺ£Լķ˿
ˣƶɮͽǰȳȥӽˣ
˵Ԫ챦һӣǺݺݵһնȥ
䣬һ̶󣬺ȻˢˢرԪնˣ
һɣԪдϲ¾¶޷նϺһûˣ䣬ߵĺͳͳնϡ
ӷ𣬶ǰϲຣˡ
ԪţƨĵŶϹлԼһûжϹ˻ɢɢʱûʲôģæȥϹַ
ǰЩҩƶɮὫջȥģţԺԸ⽫ӽƶɮĻǸʱٸҲ١
Ϲֹž޲۾ͻȻһ£΢ɲص˵ͷƾԪ潫Լ˵ض
ģѾΪһʬ塣
¹⣬ʮˣֿ¹⡣
ϹֵĵضͨģвɹģǵضվǵضҲı䲻ʵȷʵʮûпҹˡ
СУ̫ˣķ磬Ļľ¹⣬᲻ã㽫£ﰲȵסһҹ
ԪԽϹַ£վһԡ
ǻԪûţѾýӥȥѰһˣȻˣôһҲԲܻˣȻϢ֣ǶԼġ
һڲԶĵطֻҲǸڣڽӥצ֮£û֮ҲûκܵĿܡ
ָ˽ӥԪֻͷϹ֣ǰȥ֮ղ̣Ǽ飬֪ģֻˣ֪ǰպкδ㣿
㡭
Ϲ˰죬ҡҡͷ಻֪ʼʱҿշ۵ģڿշˣϷѣһûˣҲûˣ֪⽭Ǻεģˣ಻֪Ҹʲô
ǲ֪ǰػؽ
ˣӣûʤ֮ģҽնϸ첲ȵľͲȥʲôˡ
ϹЩĻĻԪȴˣٴ̽ʵǲ֪ǰΪǷһѡ񣿡
˻ԪĻϹƺЩݣǻԥص౾³ңɮҲӦϷˣû꣬ͷǳսҲˣҲûܳΪУ
˵ЩϹֿ˿Ԫ棬ͻȻЦСеȤ֣ʲôɣҲٽЩϰˣҲһҪã
Ԫ۾΢΢зһ£ȻϹ˵ò룬ֵľϲΣԪ滹о
Ĳ
Ԫ룬ٴεȷʵˣǰ֣ҪȣһҪɻǼȻǰ˵ˣʲôƶɮҲ̫Ļɨأ֪ǰͬ񣿡


085 ɨɮ
Ϲֿ˻ԪΣƺЩò⡣
ǰʮ±ãѾ㣬ϣȴûгɹǸʲôҲˣǵܵνԺʶӵʲô̶ȡ
ԪȰ⣬Ϲֵ˵ͷȷʵҩңΪֱΪˣ֣Ҳǲȥġ
ǰȻټ֣ǰƶɮԺȻǱ½ۣøպǰȥƶɮаԣǰȻȥ
˻ԪϹǵ˵ͷԻԪҲãȥһ˵£ҲԲҵΡ
׼뿪Ԫϵӥ֪һѾӥץ
ڵĵҩʱûжԪֻǰնϹֵķԸ«ţʣЩҩһһǹˡ
ϹɢжԪ
ϹֿŻԪİĿ¶֮ɫ֮񿥣ƽ
ԪЦЦûûԴ޿Ժͷ湵ͨһЩ飬ҪöϹԼȥ֣ŸԼظС
ŶϹַ֣ԪʩչṦں棬ƮݵöϹֶԻԪ߿һۡ
Ҫ֪ԪƾṦڶϹֵƤӵѣϹӡ̡
º󣬶ϹûнݣԺŸʵԶ޺á
ڶڵʱ̫ˣһжģϹȥˡ
ԪҲûйԼȥ˯ֱڶϲ
֮󣬷ֶϹֵѾָһЩߵ¥Ǳߡ
Ԫ˹ȥʵǰ¥Σ
ĲӦòǱصĹ졣
ʱһ˹ԻԪʩ¥ʼײӡ

ϹǰںɽضҲֵֻǱϾĲУûֱӣվ¥֮£𣬶Ϲر۾ֵ֮ƺȥˡ
ʱ֮Уˣ֣Ƭ֮侹ȻСꡣ
˾վ¥棬ƾˮʪȴ˿
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ӷ𣬶̻£䣬ٳΣˮתǰ㻹кηŲ𣿡
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ԪҲ˵֪ڶϹֵھԼǲҪΪá
һϹ۾ƺʲôԻԪ˵зŲ£ҲԿɮڵĳˣȴҪˣڽɼɱ˺ɱ֮಻ǡ
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ԪϲڳˣֻҪͷ£ôһж⣬˵ֻﰲΣԺС²㣬Ǵûŵġ
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ԻԪҲǿﻹǴһͷ̵ԣش󻹵ǲƵģպּ󻹵ʱ̧Ҳ̧ȥ
һһչһɨѡ
ԪָɮۣȻȥһ㣬ڸȡ
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ӷ𣬶лɳȫҲػˡ
룬ӽ˻Ԫ档
ɣļȻţȻɱˡ
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㶣ԻԪɣÿ춼ô𣿡
ûǰеķʥأİջǵǷصģ֣ݸʡݵģĽͣģҳһЩĵط˵ÿڣٵʱҲжٶ㣬ϣɨصҲɰ
ŻԪ滵ЦͻȻоԼŪʲôؼѡɨƺһȷľ
òҺķɣܾʲôطˣȴ˵һ


086 ֳ
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ǵģСޱֵǸӣŪɧˣװһӰӣҹǸɾϲӣȥģûʦƯ
ī̾ϢһָԼĳЩˣǸɱϾǸСУϲ̫飬ȷʵзӦˣ֤ǺҵģҲҪӲС
СޱҲ˵ǰʦֻҪ΢һ·ǸСп϶ֵġ
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²˵ģȨѲ飬ƻĵģϢ󣬼ԡ
˵ˣԲܶ²ҪѲ£ҲòģģҪԴӣµ徻
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Ҳ֪ʹʲôԻӣԲĸֵֶӡ󲢲ãͼӱСġ
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ʱԶһɨѵɮ˹ŲɨɨŵϿήĻҶ
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087 ִ
ɨصϺɨѻػӶţΧĻҶɨѵĴ£ؾۼһ
ԲضϺеĶһָоϺҲΪֻ֮ϺһֺĹɣƺҶ˶켣ָƣɨǱ߻ӶȣҶôȻȻؾģǳʡҸЧ
Ҳֻһָоȷ;зǳŹ֣СվߣŽϺиҿԻֹġ
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Ǹ˽񼣵飬ͷ˵߰ɣȥһ䷽ɣԵֿˣҺһ䷽棬йһԵȻ͹ѽ»ᱻֵͽϳȥġ
ҡͷԵĽѵЩһͷȥ
˵ں棬߿ˣǸɨصϺɨϵĻҶһ˿̻

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ʱͻȻһ˵ˣɫŵǰ˵ʲôֿŻԪ档
˵ڷɴʦǰʲôҪģ
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ȴеصˣǵ棬һħŮ


088 
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мŮӣһãʶһŮӣҲ˭ǰŮߣһѾߣѾʶģħʥŮѾߣɴƶϣǸŮӺܾܿħʥŮ
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˵֮־ʹԼߡ
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źͻԪ̸ʶпܻԼħȻĵˣȴҲûԼǰ;Ҫ


089 ˫
ΪԪֻΪΧһ¾뿪ģû뵽ԪȻѾҵˡ
ȻҵˣǷߣҪ֣»Լӣֻˡ
Ԫȡ澭ǸӵڤƺǴ˵ףʵ̫ˡ
澭֪²ٳһΣʹˣԼҲδؾܳȡĵȴȲ̫ʱˡ
ܳһ棬Ԫ涼ϣʹļ޸һϲˣһҪˡ
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ʦû㣬ǲнҸֵģǸǸŮӣԶںڰء
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ȴ㶵ؿŻԪ棬߶ţԵǸ
ƣ˻ԪǰͻȻ֣һס˻Ԫ֣ûԪһ
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˵Ժߵɿ֣ٱ˻Ԫķ䡣
Ӱ뿪ӣԪվ˿⣬̾һסĲƶɮ֡
ҹɫ֮Уһֻ޴ӥƶˣлػУһȥ

ԴȥԪͱչؼͯӹˣһֱ죬ֱ³˵ϲֹͣ
賿Ǿ³ˣԼһγȡ
Ԫ뿪˷䣬ٴ
һԼȡ˾澭ûԪЩˣطܴԼء
ԪĬĬȴʱص
ڻԪڹ뷨ûôй
ֵطչѾѸˣǻԪûԶԶԼҪӦ̫ˡ
ˣɣԼֵīȥãԼʱܱսûԱǲеġ
Ϊһ书ĸȱٵĶ
һ齱Ԫһڹ
ȴʱ䵽ʮ㣬ϵͳʾ𣺡ڼһγ齱ᣬǷ

һ⻪Ǹϵͳתٴγ֣ʮͼ
Ԫ۾䵽书һ
ѧһ÷׮
ѧѾֶΣǻԪûг鵽ֻȻһ㣬ȴΪʵãͱԪͷȻһŻ⹦˶壬лΪЧ
ǻԪĿڹ÷׮ȴǼġ
ڶˤ֡
ƷʹȴƲͬͻۣ֮󣬵ƿ練ƣһɱǿƷ
Ԫ治ȡԼһƷȡ˷ѡ
צ֡
Ӱʱ򣬻ԪͶצֺܸȤܴһצȥʯͷɷ飬ǰҲֹһΣϧûгС
ָ
ָһ޴ָϱӿ˲ʦ书С˵ָһɴȷǳ֮˱ضȫһ㡣
ϧҲǾ޺Ĺ򣬻Ԫ
ϰ벿
Ԫ濴˹ֻĳȣððǸأǷ汣ӰȻˣ
񹦺ųƷ˫֮һΪΪ֮󣬲ȣ˾ɴذ㣬羴֮ġ
˹Ϊ¶ڳֵľϰ벿
ݻԪƣԼɹϰ벿񹦣ôϣҪʮֹܲͯӹδ֪ˡ
⼤Ԫֿ˿һ

Ԫ浱ѵñֿˣڿѧ̲ס˵໰
޵У޵а
ˣҲδ޵УŹ˶㣬ǲ޵Уڲ֮ˡֵһ
ʲô˵ˣƾԪһͳһ㣬־޵й򲻶ң㻹ôأȻֻǽֵһĺù򣬲ȡһڶҲġ
ʱ򣬻Ԫٴηˣóȡʲôأϰ벿ֵһĸҪĸ᲻÷
˵ˣûڹҲаȡڹʲôʱٴοֳأ
һͼľ룬м
Ԫ涼վסˣ߶ô죿ô죿
ۿʱ䶼쵽ˣԪûȥĽƷʱ򣬴󽱶ȥȡˡ
ȥԪһҧˣ
ڹٵȵȣ֣ŷ޵еѧԼõ
һ¾룬ԪȻص˿ʼȡ
ɿתһȦһȦ
ҪֹͣˣŹؽӽ˽ֵһ
Ԫľҵţϣͣ¡
Ƿǳźչ˽֡
ŭһµ棬Ԫ沢ûȻûУԼлȥȡ񹦣ܻţĲͿԡ
ǹ㻺£ͣ
ˣ
Ԫź쳤̾ûţûţ󽱸һԼܵõʲô
ϵͳʾû𣬻Ԫ治ת̿ȥ
ͣλãһ͵ͼͼԪûпӦǵһγֵġ
ʲô
ϵͳͻȻʾϲȡ˫ϵͳȡӽĽƷΪ
ԪٴοӽĽƷʲôӣ飿ƣֻߡ


090 ؽ!
˫ǰûгֹˣڻԪϸ۲죬ѡġ
ԭ沢ִֻܳ󽱣ܳĽֻʲôԪԼҲȫ
˵棬Ǳġ
˫ϵͳʾǳƵĽ
ʲôƵأ
ȿ϶Ҫͬһ͵ģʮӺӿ϶ƣӦҲƣҲƣĺҲпơ
书𣿻Ԫ治ȷ
۾ض˫ֻ˳һһҵķɱĻϷɿת

һȻֹϰֹͣĻԪ涼ЩӦ
񹦣
ԪӶðȻôͣϰ벿棬Ϊûлõڹؼء
һͣ棬һҲͣȵָͣ档
Ԫ漤һԾ𣬺ݺݵڿлһȭͷԭô£书ؼ֡
ϵͳʾ𣺡ڳȡǷȡ
ȡ
һ⻪ؼ˻ԪǰڵĳȡҲˡ
Ľ󿴿ҿԪ涼֪ʲôˡ
ˣڹһеĸɣ
ԪָؼպãȻϰ벿ؼ
񹦣ϰ벿Ϊɣ°벿Ϊء
˲ɾ˾һͦĸо°Ⱥƽһɳ֮⡣
ҲԳΪȻ֮ǳʺϻԪְϻԸҲʺϷɵݡ
ؼٴγ֣Ԫ浤ڿʼ˾޴ı仯
ӿȵͬһ֣ڲǵͯӹԺˡ
ı仯Լ˰ʱԪȫϰ벿񹦣Сɵľ硣

Ԫ֣ڳӯ˵һڹСɣǴﵽ˺Բľ磬ҲǷ豹֮
ǰһǳζˡ
ڻԪǺԲΪǺܸڹķͯӹԵʣѾһڡ
ΨһȱûͨζγѭԼϢ
Լڱϣֺڵĳ̶ȡ
ﵽ˺Բĳ̶ȣԼоǸڣһַǳֵ󣬻Ԫ˰Σյóһۣǵͯӹ֡
ܴĿܣԺʲôͯӹǵĹҲһãͱڣһվƺоԼһ
ô˵Ҳ˺Բˣȡ񹦵°벿ô¾ͻﵽ˰ɣ
дɾĴȴƣ߲ԪΪԼĿǰʵȫԺ͹ɽһս
ȻʱսУΪɽµϢԼû¡
񹦣ⱾؼͳΪͨؼԪ潫պãⱾؼֵ̫ˣڣÿԸֵΪռֵսһ̨ףԺȭȵȣֵ
Ԫóָؼ
Ԫǰֻ֪ŹҲ򵥣ǲ֪䵽ô¡
֮󣬻Ԫ̾ͱָסˣԭָ˵ǿ
ָһŴָһˣöԷͬգ޷ѹƵĻһָͿԽһճɽ̿ȱǱȽȻԼڹСɣЩɲɺӡ
ָһʽ
һʽңʽн٣ʵϾṦԶȫһ֮䣬Էֱ档
ڶʽһָ꼻꼻һ֣Ʒ׻ɱָ׹þԳ֣˼壬ָͬ˲꼻֮ͻʧȥ
ʽһָ˱ԣʱܲƼ죬ѻΣ˴һָȥʱԼһͬһΡ
ʽһָǣ̣ǰĻ䣬оȶܱûȣ˾һָ
ʽһָ죬ִԣʽΪԵҲ޺˼壬һָȥá
⼸ʽָȻɱ˼Ϊǿȴ˸оʹ࣬ʽۿ꼻ǾԼΣǿǣǵ·ʲôµ
ǻԪϵͳѧʽָûиʮǲҪˡ
ֺķ˰ʱȫѧʽָ󣬻ԪļѾﵽ˶㣬Ҫ쳤Х
ԲָԼҲǲˣȫˣ
ȫУҪƣȻһʡҪʡЩƶɮΪеˣΪƶɮԸնƶɮ볬ǣ
һڹԪ֪ˣͻȻֵõָϲϼϲ
ƽ˺һŰһЩԪ潫ָؼҲպãⱾؼڲʺΪռ֮ãֻĺܴڡ
ʰ飬Ԫ滺뿪

ڶϣæµ
Ԫ׼޽һ¯ѾӺɽ˻ЩҩǶصԼķ
û취ԪȻǷɣҲһزū۴󻹵СЩҩǺöܱ˼͵ˡ
ǸԪ治֪᲻ֵǻԪȲˣ¯ԼҲˣҲ⣬Ȱѵ˵
æµһϣԷʱ򣬻Ԫһ顣
еֵӴӽ𣬿ʼ񹦣
Ϣһֶˣɽȸ֣ȻĶ
ѧԽԽ࣬Ҫؼܷӳ񹦣һ־֪򵥡
ԪóؼȻ׼¼¼ɺԭԼܣȵպֲؾ
˱ؼֶһϲ״̬У˱棬ЩÿûֵӣԻԪ涥Ĥݡ
ڽڹ˳ȥԪְָؼ¼˼ݣֱ𴫸˹ɽºһ
ӥϲıģţɽϲģԻԪǾһһ
ԪûпϼһԼ֪ʲôʵ˰ɡ


091 ɣ
ԪŰﴧŽƱȥ˵Ƿسǣ׼Ǯׯծ񳥻ˡ
һΣԪûдκˣõڹָ󣬻ԪҲҪǰһСĽˣóֵʱԳˣȻҪ˱
ãҲû̫ܵ죬һ·ߵߵСܣһʱǷ⡣
˵ǷԺ˶ܶ˶ϳ˻Ԫ棬׷״к
Ԫ浥ǰ΢΢ͷһֱǮׯǰ
Ǯׯ޼Ԫ浽æӭӡ
ղͬˣǸСǷķɣͽ޼ɲҵˡ
ѽѽһ䷽ɣǴʲôط
ƶԪҲãЦ˵
һ䷽Цˣռ㣬ĳƺܵ˲֮ڣĽ޼֪񹦵飬ȴĸо˻ԪĲһ
˽ǮׯԪóƱ£ڴչóˡ
ǵģһŲˣɵĽˡ
Ǳ߿ʼˣ޼Ԫ浹һ裬ȻԪ£Ʒ衣
ɣ֪мû˵
£
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£
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νɣˣܣ󣬻ԪҲһܵϢһ˵ɽغһɧ񣬷Һϲٺǰû
һΣȻ˺ϣоͺ˵ˡ
µĺϣǹյĵ̣Ȼܻ˳ǳȴٳûж˵ֺ͢ϵ˼Ҳûһһ
ǹջıսƵֿʼȻ׼ͳ͢һˡ
ʱܳ˹յĵ̣ò˸档
ڶԷսǷھ֣Ԫ淴òǺ֣ϰϡˣ˵׼ͻԼսء
ƹĿ֪Щжˣסںδ
˿ǲ٣ʮ˰ɣмͷģЩҲͦģ´ҲЩˣǺЩ˶սȻûЩͷĳֻ֣ЩһһЩֵĵһʱھͻ˳´
ս
ʲôûסǾ˵Ǹ˵ĵܿ죬´ȫѹסˣûó
Ԫ΢΢ͷ¶Сɹ򣬶սʱ綫սɱһģҳ¶ֻǺڣ˼ҼȻţʧҲ֮С
޼Щ˻˵ˣҪеھ֣ҪսеĽأ˵ȥ¡
ŶȥûУ
ԪеģΪɾǷľһЩЩȥսҲӦѡɡ
ûУЩ˺ɵ˻棬ǺܶΪҪ򣬽˫ûԷһˡ
ԪЦЦ˼ˣ˵һԱǴźֵģ˫ȻӶйؼѰζ
Щʲôط
˵Ҫȥսһھ֣ھ֣ʱˣôʦҲȥ֣
֣ҲӦ
ʱѾˣϢϼһǧԪ潫ʣƱպã޼ǡ
·Ϻܶ˶һȥǳڵھַ
ھֵıͷ⣬⳯죬ҲһڣʹһѴصߵǸ͵·ӣպͳ¶Ҳǲ֮䡣
Ԫٶȿ죬ھǰʱҲѾΧ£˺ܶˡ
濴ԺڵԪſڣǿһ䷽ɣ׷׸·
Ԫ潫˩Ժ棬ԽԺӡ
Ҳкܶˣվ
һھֵʦ֣űУжʮˣ⳯վڶǰ棬ĴصͶԷŭĿӡ
һֻĸˣɫʴĿӣŵľ죬ͷ߸ߵȺɣˡ
ͷһСӷɣһսʱ˫ס⳯£ؿ⳯ˡ
ͷ
˵ЩӲǻӦרѧϰʢԵġ
ժھֵӣǺǶ֣ǸǹƽѡĻᣡ
ޣھǷ￪˿ʮˣʲôʱժӣǼ֮ҲھҰΪʢ˲ɣ
Ȿ²ƿǲСصһƣһשһˡ
ЩʦҲŴСУЩ˹ȥ
ǣϰҲŷ׷׺ͷѵЩˡ
ʢƽڲиì֮ܺƣǻһ¶ġ
ҽЩЩսŻʤʵǸоûӣϣиúõؽѵЩˡ
Ǻ⳯Ǿõ⣬Щ˵Ǽڹ¸ҿͷϴȻи׵˵Զ̤ʢƵأҾ뿪ȻĻһҲߣ
⳯ĻȺ淢һ󻶺
Ǽ໥˿ͻȻЦ
ǼЦʲô
˳Ц⳯ŭ
ʢӦо仰ʶʱΪܣǷɣ۹ˣǵǷ޵Уûпһˣھֻ֣һ˻΢һգǵĶ֣㣡ʵҲвǣֱ֪ô
ס죡Сӣȥѵǣ
⳯һһˣһѸֵǼ˵˸ҳүһս
˵ԺСˣ˼˸ͷԵʽȴԷˡ
Ԫ濴İľСӵĵ̫ˣͷԶףЩԼĲӻϣʵҲҳۡ
Щϰղôкá
Ǹͷ˿˿һ˵ʵ˽ˣסʹ
ˣףԸˣʹǵĳ裡
˵꣬Ƶ˳СӵΣϰɣ
ѽСү߿
Сӻӵɽһ
үͣ
үģ
ȺٴһƬ
ؿŻӵСӣӽԼʱ򣬲΢΢Աһ㿪СӵĸֵȻѸ͵سһȭݺݵشСӵĸ
СһͬϺװɫͨ죬ͷ˳Ѿˡ
ղŻڻȺͬͷһˮȻֹ


092 ɳ
û뵽ƽڵǷݵүȻõ±Էһȭ򷭣ʵ̫˽ܲˡ
⳯ҲǴ󾪣æ˽ʧȥս˻
Ǹɣֻһȭվﲻˣ⳯æˣżǵģ֣
ھǱߵʦǶƻˣ֪Щɣ˱²ûĴңСӵʵЩҲǰˣȻ˼һȭ̵̾û
⳯󿴿ҿû˸վֻԼ˳
ˣĪҪү㣡
⳯ˣǸͷ˽ս˳ϵˡ
СһЩǵĵһ֡
ˣף
ӹս⳯졣
ͷҪѽ
ǰǵǷھͿˣ
һһεʧܣǵҲôˣǻڸ⳯
⳯ûлشˣض߹ˣԷԼ׵ʱͻȻһһɨǧɨ˹ȥ
Էһ⳯浶תٴɨԷĲӡ
Էһͷ⳯˳ƾٻ죬һá
ֻлӵԱһ⳯ĵ̾ǲֱԷؿڡ
ֻٴεֵ
⳯һһ𽥵ռϷ硣
Ԫں΢΢ͷ⳯ĴصмģǸҲһڣǱЩԿڱ⳯ѹơ
ȱҲеģ⳯Ĵص̫أھսر񣬻Ļôʤƽ˵һб
⳯ռϷ磬ǶˣźƣɤӺˣĺҲԾϣ⳯һǸ˿
ǸȻ·磬ҲļֻȽķضܣƾ⳯ĵԽԽ죬ȴҲκá
⳯ԽԽûףȥԼᱻԷϿġ
ڵǷǣڼſڣ⳯첻ܽôҰܣҪƴһ¡
ɴһҧ⳯ս֮˸
˿⳯ĵһ֪Էˣһ粽ȥһնֱ⳯ۡ
⳯ȵľǶԷԷ˹ͻȻһ֣صֱŶԷȥ
û뵽⳯ȻѴ˳ֻûӵ񵲡
ص˶Էս֮ϣûЧ⳯ȴ̸һ˫ײƣݺݵ˶Էؿڡ
Ǹ̿Ѫĵ˳ȥս֣ڵϰ
ۣ
ǷźԪҲ΢΢ƣ⳯컹Щս츳ȻôһŤת棬ҲǺˡ
ͷ̾ͺĳ֣˸£
һϾ˳ȥڿ߳ţֱ⳯š
⳯ովսûֻƴֵֵûסţͱмͷҲˤڵء
͵Ϯ˻ϸݣ׼Եص⳯
ͻȻȺ洫һȣ޳ܵӣ͵Ϯ
һӰȺһԾһѱһ׹⣬Ǹɱȥ
Ϊû·磬ʮһûȥмͷѪ͸·
ͷһֱûֱԼˣźȵǺˣ
Ǹͣ΢΢ЩͷܱǺأ˭ﵷҵģǸʢ˾ͿԽѵ㣡
ԪȺһⲻīôˣ
һƮƮİɫȹʩ죬泯죬һɫӣէһȥƺЩüĿ֮䣬û֮Ƕһġ
ͷҲīĿ˫ĿоʢԭǸƯĹܺãû뵽ʢطҲ˾ɫԸ˵ɣȥӣ𣿡
ޣ˭ϡǵĹѣбʤеĽ
Ԫһ߿УīĽ㾫ߣߵ·ӣɱǿҲǺڵˮ׼һûﵽ塣
ǸͷٺһЦ˳īʤ㣬ô죿
ŶԷͷˣīҲǱ֪Լ²Ƕ֣¿˿۹䵽˻Ԫϡ
Ԫ氵ãѾͷҪʲôԼˡ
λԪʧˣīûἰǼǸͷ죺ʤ˱Ǳȥˣ㻹
ûôףѾ߲ˣ
ͷ˵꣬ͻȻһ¡
īٽӭսһ
мһ֣֪ûУԪԱһ֪īС
ǸӦкڵʵսͣ߹īīƾ轣黹ܼһǼֶãҲһʱ⣬ûӮĿܡ
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īϰĹûȴûôˣԻȻŭ촽š
Χ˶īǶˣǷ׷ȭͷ̿һǧĵĴ˰ǸĵǶûҲֻܿš
Ԫ̾ϢһīȻԼǴʱ˿̣Լȴò۴ʲôǶȣʲôīñ衣
īԽԽۣؼֲסˡ
Ǹ˿ᣬٺһЦһ£īмܣһ죬Ȼֱץīؿڡ
ī߷ȴѾ
Ƿ׷̾Ϣ棬ֱǶʢƵ棬컯֮£һŮӺ˽֣ȴҪ衣
ۿ֣ͻȻԼĺ챻ץסˣԼ
˲ģۿҪץŮĽأװ֣ҲܺǷţֻϣǰһ㣬һҲǺõġ
ڤ粻飬ȥ
ͻȻһȣһɾӿһ˦һӣֱֱķ˳ȥͬƽһֱھֵԺǽ
䡱һ죬˵ֱҽǽǶһεĴӡ
ǽΪģͬ֩һ˿
Ƕˣ£
īۺᣬǰĹͷҾ֪㲻Ӳġ
ͻȻһ𣺡һ䷽ɣ
һ䷽ɣһ䷽ɣǷеˣʰЩˣ
ʣļ˾Ƭ̣׷ȥǸԪŪɱڻһͷ졣
κǶ̫ˣ¾ȻûŪ
Ԫ濴īһۣȻīݺԼǶΪͷЩŮӣԪ滹ǺݲȥǺ
ԪҲûʲôЦͷ򼸸ˣӷ𣬼λʩĪҪ׷ѹˣǽǽ˰ɣȻǿٲġ


093 ǿʨӺ
Ԫʯ쾪ĳˣҲǼɣˡ
ԪǵǾ䣬Ҫǽ˲ܰ˿治ƭǵġ
ѾǶǽѪ֪ʱӲҲǿٲǼʹˣҲһˡ
ɣЩɵˣǽô
Ϊˣ˽ǽҲؼ滹ǶأҲò𰡣
֮£ܵ⳯죬ͷҾԷ㹤ߡ
ְ⳯˺һףóһЩ֮Ķ˶Ĳ˰죬ŰǿͷǽŪ
߳ȥͦԶʱһ˲ŻͷУǻȥġ
Ԫûдǣͷ˿īȻתҪ뿪
ԪҪߣˢˢĹơ
ԪҲϰִˣߵԺ棬ȥ⿪˩ŵİ
ī̸ŻԪܵ棬Ǹ⳯ЩɺλŮлһ£˶ûӡ
ɣȥ㣬һºòã
ƥ𣿡
ԪָָԶһƥ
ʲôѽǲҵ
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ԪЦʱƥڣҲڣ˩棬ηƶɮİԶԶģ˷ܣң㻹Īʧȥɣ
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īԹԵվ˺棬Ԫ潫ͲڿڱߣȴԷص
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ŭһУõʲôɱҵ۹ʿ
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ԪЦһȻˣҲΪĵ۹Ұɡ
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ӷ飬鷽Ϊ˵֮ײбŰ壬϶ûɱǣ㲻ɱ
Ԫһţ˵һͨϺ֮ɫ


094 ޺õ
صԺ󣬻Ԫﲢûɡ
Щܵ˴ǲ鷳ˣҲܿȥⲻĹؼ
֮ܳںϵϱǺεһ飬ҲӲ˵˺ϵĵȨƺѾ;֮˹ᣬ׼Կ͢ˡ
͢ʲôѴԪҲ󣬵ܡ
ֻҪһ첻̣һû£ôԼͿ԰ȵطչ֣Լĳư֮·
ԼҪģ׼Ӧʮ³һĺִᡣ
һ죬޼ɿ϶Ҫвμӵɶˣ볹׵ƿغˡ
Ԫ治һͳһˣǶԼưԺַǳҪȥƻδᣬɲγͳһ
ֻԼĿǰԲϼҲ֪ܲܶԿ޼ɣϾǺܾǰͽĸˡ

ī˻ûе֣
ħ̷ֶڣ컸˼µִ¡
ǵĶī˵ˣǸ֮ļᶨ֣Ҫʱ䡣
ʱ䣡ʱ䣡ⶼȥˣһ񣬲УǲܰϣϣҹŮˣҲСǸַˣ˵ʥŮѾ뿪ҰôһԼ֣
ī˻˵ˣǲ֣ǲֵĻǺĺԡ
ߣֱЦ±ίǵģֻʡīȥѣȻûǵȻҪԼƾʲôмӸ棿ȻĺʵʥﲻҲǸϺװˡ
Լǣ˵һ顣

ǰ죬Щɣ˲Ǻ𡣡
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Ц컸ϧЩɣ˱²ߣֻǻһЩھݵĽͷʲôģںܶǶʧܣ˵ڵǷܵˣ˶ʮˣлһԲء
Ҫ˵ľ飬˵գЩ˾ھַɣǸɳ֣ѵ˷ɣˣ֮ǸԲ˴ȥ׷ַɣȫûˡ
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ΪҲһԲѣЩַɱԼȥ˿Ҳ
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Σ컸ŵ˵ǻҪСˡ
Ҫϱ𣿡
ϱ컸ܾµ飬ϱˣԼвӰġ
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ȻЩǰҲǳڶ壬ôȺͻƣʵǳԪϡ
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޺ûˣܴķɿȥˣ뿪Ⱥ޺ɢ
Χ޺һ죬·
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뵽ͷЩɥ
ǲҪױͨУȻ͵͵޺أ
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ߣͻȻһӭԪ󣬼æɣԭ
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ԪͻȻȻѹ֣ԭڵˡ
ȷʵڵĻ񹦣ˣӦˡ


095 Լ
Ԫһ棬ֻ䳡ںһ۵ｻ֡
ʮ꣬ӱȻҲ˶٣¶򣬼ⷢȭͻӲӲ
Աߣվһ𻷣ݣɫ䣬ͽֵǸﻹЩ֮ͬ
ͣԪͻȻоӦѩԭֳ걻紵ĺɫǸԭ˵ɫ
ǸûֵƺλһЩ
Ԫ治ɫ˹ȥվڳ߹ۿ޺ͶԷĽ֡
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ԪҲֻҪˣʲôУԪҲƾϾҲǺ۵ġ
ڳڵս˰Ȼĳ̶ȣ˶ˣ˭Ϻ˰벽Ȼһ֮չⲫ໥֮סԷֱۣ￪ʼƴˡ
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ַԪ淴˵Щ߳ŭԻԪСУĪҪˣʹҲǱ֣ƾʲôԱ˵ֻ
Ԫֱһ˹ַǰֱֱضŶԷ۾һһصΪҵǰɣƶɮ㣬ҵ֮£ִ
ַͻȻڵϺݺݵһڣԻԪ񼴽ڰ˲㣬ζɵСоȻ˵ͱһ㣬ֱſڴƻƣڲʹ£ܴﵽڱ֮£ôԲڴҲ޲ɣ
ã˵ãһ㲻ԲãôͲҪƶɮ
ַЦһܴﵽˮƽԲãҵĻƾκ޶
Ԫǣһ˿Ц⣬ĵ˼άǺˣˡ


096 Ӿʤ
Ԫ͹ַĶ˷׷ɢһȦӡ
˴εĶĶǱ䣬Ҫս˵˾Ǳ˭ΪԽߣƵԽ󣬲Ҫ£ҲǺǿġ
Ȼļӳ֣Ǳ
Ԫƺˣַʵڹɽ֮ϣ䶯֣Լİղ
һԼȦףġ
ƾԴҲµԼѾﵽ߲۷塣
۷壬ûһˮֵģȻַ˵Ҳﵽ߲۷壬ǻԪţҲǺԼƽûгԼĿܡ
㲻ãҪԼһЩ
Ϊ֤˵Ԫ׼˺ܶණ
ȱ̧ģ޴ľ׮
ÿľ׮ĳ߸ߣһ˴֡
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ͷԼĵĦڭͽȥѡһϸɿ
ĦڭͷӦľ׮ǰҲûѡ񣬾ͶԼȽϽһ͵سơ
ˣ
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һģĻƣԼʱһûģ»߳Լأ⡣
뵽ַСУҲҪŪЩˣҿǱ߻ḥ̂ȴľ׮ҪһЩǲˣ㲻Ҫ֤ͱƽôһ˭˭һ֪
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ԪҲ֮ǰƶɮڴȷһ飬ղ˵ãҵƽԲãԲãƾƶɮҲǣ
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ĪѾﵽڰ˲
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ԪѾȷˣַȷʵǵ߲㣬Ǿ붥㣬ҲԼ̶ȻҪһЩĵҲԼҪһЩ
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ԪӷתΪԽԽǽؽַѹȥһ㡣
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Ⱥ֮УûУΨӰ쵽ϾеĶˡ
ԪѾʮգǹһ˿Ц⣬ǰĹַ׼Բðɣ
͵طַҲֲסˣݺݵıԪѹʯ֮ϡ
䣡
ʯûгס˵Ĺķѵķ飬ʹ
ʯм׷Уַ㶵ʯͷϣɫ԰ֽ
ˣ
Լַ֣ﵽ˵߲㣬Ȼǰëͷɡ
ˣҪˣ


097 ɮ
ַˣ
߲۷ȻǰСɡ
ոյԼԲã
ΧȺ˲ĳţͻȻһöŮԼصӮˣ
īһʯͷϻȸԾһ̣Ŀģ
īѣΧֵӺҲڶ
ַĦڭףַ֮ǰΪԼӮ˵ʲôֵԶںڣԲõĻʧȥ
ԽСԽںԼݣһ£ʿѪӿ˵£ɱȥں
һսʧɱʵĽǳ٣Ϊǽݵˡ
书ԽߵҲԽϰױ˵ȴѽԼ
ַһ֣¡
ԻԪ澼Ŀ⣬Щ飬૵صɡҡ
ַŵ𣿡
ַҧβŵ뷽ɣ
Ԫվ˹ַǰӸµصǺãȻĸƶɮ˵ˣΪƶɮ͵񹦣ʵˣ֤ݲȡСǴƶɮҪ壬ľƣдһУҰ򣬵ǷԼ֣ݸνգףԸ⣿
Ԫ˿ַ̱ŭڣֱǶڵ裬ԼζǲӦġ
ͷһҡУӣ
ԪЦˣȻˣҲˣƶɮ͸ڶֵǴ͵ȡĶ԰ɣ
ַ˵ͷҲڻɣǷԴΪʲôС˵زһʣⷽѧϰ϶Լڶʧؼ޹ˡ
ҪڳϣֲķԴأѧǳ֣˱书֡
ַ˰ΣҡͷҲУ̣ܽ˵ܽ͵ȡǵ书û£ܴӦ
Աߵ˶ЩˣǲʶôԲˣʲô㶼ӦԶţ˷
˵ɣַҲֻҧӲˣʵڲУԼˣȺܣҲסԼ
Ԫֹ˵ѣ˻ɵĻƶɮеַȥְݷ㣬ڷǰһԼȻͻȥɡ

ַЩŵؿŻԪ棬ԼĶ䣬Сô׵ķŹԼأ
ӷ𣬳˲ڿʦȥɣ
ԻԪĿȣվЩ岻ص֮ڲͣƴ
ԪЦЦʦˣںǧɽˮԭԼŤתڽɾָڣ֪ʦΪܷƶɮദǢ
һ£ͻȻԻԪʩһ񣺡ԼǣܶƶɮִˣĲƽȻģƶɮȥǰڡ
֪䣬ҲԱԳˣɼ̬ȷʵ˱仯˵ԺóϷȥݷһʱ󣬲Ŵڳ
Ժ˶׷׶Թּ̬ȺͷŴΪͬ
ٴԪǰɣƶɮ˾ˣʩ㲻˵һɣȻƶɮﲻ
û䣬Ӯˡ
Ԫ˵ַֻЩֵӺͶ̬ƣû˸ղŵĵ⡣
֮ؾȻӮôҵ𾴣ǸԼƶɮѾˡ
ٴϷ̣ԪĶЩ޵ݡ
ԪɫƽƤ΢գȴĵ۽ĵû˹Ķ㣬ˮǧɽ鷳ƶɮɷѿĵĿ㣬˵ʵǾⲻȺŹսźˡ
ַƺЩԥܾòŶԻԪɷ뷽ɵ̸̸
ԪַȥԼķ䣬ܾһͬȻַǻԪţԼڲһֿ֮ûˡ
˽˻Ԫķ䣬ֱ£ַɣ֪ɮ᣿
Ԫҡҡͷȷʵû
ַɹһ֮ˣɮᣬһɱ֯
ɱ֯
û֯ڰǰǰλˣѳţħ̣׷׷Ѫħ书߾ǶΪ£ɮᣬרŰɱħԵˣǽʿǳҰ߹٣ֻҪħ̵ǵİɱĿ꣬Ѫ
ֶһ£ʧ٣ħ̽£ܣħչճ־õѪսɮҲڴս֮½ȥ֯ȴħȴѾЩѽڣһİɱ֯ˡ
Ŷ£
Ԫû뵽ϻô֯ԼȷʵҪɽµѯһЩˡ
ǵģɮѾ˺ܶԱڱڲ־ĳˣƽЩ˶Ǵڸ֮Уһ񣬾ͻзɸ봫֪ͨ
ִʦҲɮˣ
ȷʵƶɮɮܶˡ
Īǹִʦ֮ܽڹҲˣ
ɣƶɮ֮ȷʵˣҲգһǰ֣ǽӵ֯ڵ֪ͨġ
Ԫ濴ŹַʵôʦΪҪƶɮ˵Щ
ɣҵѾʧˣҾ˷ŵ飬ƶɮͻȻЩĻ䣬ɮ֯ȷʵͳҵıⱳۣƶɮоˣԣҪ뷽ɣǧСģƶɮʧˣȻ˳ֵģȻϰгɣҲԵֵ
Ǵʦ֪ǺҪƶɮ
֪ɮ᱾˭֣϶Ƹ룬ҲŻӵģǾƸǵ˭뷽ɻƶɮĶࡣ
Ԫ滹ϸʹɮڲַȴվԻԪǡ
ƶɮ˵֯ڲܣƶɮ֪ɮλͷ˭Ҳãճɷɿͷǣձرʹ˸ˡ
˵Ժ󣬹ַ߳˻Ԫķ䣬Ħڭ뿪֡
ˣԪڳ˼뺦Լ˭
ī
ԪͻȻʶī֪ܿŮȻԲҲ϶ںָʹֻīţƺԼݵʯȹ£Ǵ㶯ҡָлԪҲһֱûкƽϣΪԪҲţīǲɹġ
ڿƺѯһīбҪ
ǵԪȥѰҵʱ򣬲֪īԼ͹ַڵʱ򣬾Ѿ뿪ˣ


098 Ӽݵ
ҹ䣬ӥ£ͬһƬƣ۵糸ֱӸ£Ŀ»Ԫķ䡣
Ԫ汾оӥˣƿ˴
£򣬴룬ӥ䵽˵ϡ
ҡҡڰڵԪԱߣԪָӥĴͷ
ֻӥһʱ䲢û£ǱԼɳȥˡ
ȻĻīȥԼһ֪û˸߿֮е˫۾īȥԼҲǲö֪ˡ
ĬĬظܽӥһУԪԽоԽľ
ˣҴǸδ
ԪΪδҲӦһʿû뵽ǣδȻǵĶӵԪ
ʵŮԪǳŮԪԪԪԼŮԪӣ
ϲĶӣǴԪ
ûеʵ۵ʱύһЩʿħ̽Īа佻ͺС
˵ɵϻλĪаǳ˴ġ
ĪаףĪаŮ޸ʵ۱ϲĶԪ
ԭҶΪԪպҪƻλģƫƫһ⣬ԪʱȻ˽ħɲ֪ΪִɲɱԪʮȻԪһڤơ
ɲûʹöٹֻڤƵĺԪڣֶԼԵʵ۱ҽҲûκãۿԪÿʹ֮жȴΪ
һԪ뵣̫ӾͳӰûϣһӳΪ̫ӡ
ԪҲʹ࣬Լǰ¶ŮҪס
κͲϲͬףԪŻָܼû⣬˾Ͷ֮Լ
Ԫõӣʱ䣬ȥ˳ԪܵĽ˹
ΪʲôܽȻΪǹյĵ̣Ԫع⣬ܾܿͻΣգΪյʣΪδͻʼҿսĳ롣
ᳵӣǻױ֮󣬲Ŵżĵ˺ϣѾֻмʮ·ˣӥȻԪ汨档
Ȼӥܹ۲쵽Щϸ⣬Ϣһ£ԪϢҲƲһЩ
ѾǾʮգʮ죬ɽɵִˣʱԪһֱǱޣϣԼܹһЩ
˴ˣԪҲܲ

Ԫҹ·ڶ峿ɽ£֮ûɽڿջϢ˰죬ʱ֣Ŷǰ֡
ɽ·֮ϣԪˣҲС䣬˻ǰС
Ԫɫ԰ףЩ࣬ڤŶ꣬Ե÷ǳݣЩӡ
Ȼãȴûˣʼɽ֮ûͣ
ɽ㲻ɽ޽Ҳģϧѽ̨ʵ̫һЩͨʯԺݣ˵ͻʹˣǺʹҲ˲ֹһΣȷӣκñʡ˵Ĳ𣿡
ʱԼˣԪԻƹԳƣϧǹܲסԼ죬ʱʱ̿Լݹߣ˼ǵǻӡ
ûۿصƹӴ˵ҹͬһԺĺ뻵̨֣ͺһң濴жôǿģʵأжǣ»ƹӱҸ
ԪɫЩÿ˻ʧƫˣһܺ͹Ტۣ
ǲ˵ң˵˰ɣƹ˽㣬ԼʲôҲ˵Ǹλӻûķݣķݣû漣ҲǼֲȥһ졣
ԪһЩˣҪ˵̫ˣڿԾܾңȷһܸԭҸԭˣǸλӻҵģҾͲţǸݣ㻹ܾܾϣҸԭѰΪأ
ƹӣϣΪˣԲ̰ʲôλãھΪʲôҲ˵ˣֻϣȻ֣ҪǣȻƹӴתȥǡ
ϬԪҲ޷ˣȻƲ£ΪԼκãҲòʲô鶼޷Լδȡ
ԪǰųԱ˼æԱ߲⣬ɽϿ˿ȻϸϸصүµĺҲûòҽѾСͨˣ˵йҪֵĺгӭӣôҲûӰ
Ԫ͵ؿһۣȻС˳˵ûѾ֪ͨȻû˳ӭӣ̫ˣǴ˴κ˱ӻˣεĲãʱ򱾹ӶҪǵ
ƲǸС˳һۣ֪֣ͨ
ǵģǹӵҪ֪ͨһ£˵ˣǴ£Ҳжӭǹӵġ
˵ҹӵݣ
С˳ӵ˵ͷǵģ˵ˣȻҲǲӭˡ
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³֣Ԫɫһ䣬˽
ƹӣǲʲôطɲǳǺϣǽڶʹϽأﲻûʲôô»кǺεȾǴʱ򣬲㱻ʶݵ𣿡
˵ɫ䣬Ԫ˲ͷϵĺˣǰôˣ֪Լ˺ϣǾˡ
УȻ˼֣ɮڳӭ뵽ʲô𣿡
Ԫæֲ˵ǣ˴ȷʵǱˣԺԲٷ󡣡
˵Ժ˦ָС˳һƣ˶뺦ҲɣһʧһƤ
С˳ƨɣĵϣɥġ
ˣˣ磬עĿͲˡ
ٴαѵ⣬ԪҲҿˣСԼ׵ûиԼɫȻǻݣȴѹġ
һǰʱɽŴ󿪣ﲻ
ǲǴ˴ĳɹӽôµʦǰΪֽҲǵʢһЩ
ԪΪԼ˵ȫǺ⣬ϾµʦǿĸɮСǽĪˡ
䣬ԱͻȻһλͽӿˣλӣ˵Ǵµʦ𣿡
ǣ
˰ɣʦҲǸ֮ˣڷ±һ䷽ɲ˼¶ҲǸЦѡ
λո˵꣬Ǳ߾߰ЩûІʲôָŲϺˡ
ЩͬаԼԪˡ
ûУЩ˵˭أ


099 һ
ԪƵĽ£˺ܶ࣬жܿʲôģڵԪһЩ˶ŮӶ֣Ƕӿûʲôǫõ˼
һֱ˷ɵľҲûпһӭӡ
ſڣţԼҪȥɡ
ոҪȥţͻȻſˣһϢλߣƵʱֱȥȺ
ͷӦСȥˣûԪ
ԪС˳໥˿ȻϺУվǲңֻҲĴй䡣
һֱƻ裬ɢȥˣ˸߼˿ȥիòͣ극ȥ
ԪҲȷʵˣȻزˣҲֻܽһˡ
򵥳˵㶫ԪС˳ǰ
ѾȺԪƹӣɾȥɡ
ԪͷҪС˳һȴһ
нֻλһǰ
С˳йģһĻ̵ôУһҪǹӣһʲôΣô죿
һЦЦͻȻһ֣С˳ӻûô£;һ飬˶ˡ
Ѩ
ʹҲ𲻵καá
һ˵ֶ꣬ԪӣɣĪҪ÷ɵȼˡ
ԪЩԥ˵ʲôͻȻһֵλĪǲԼȥ𣿡
ԪôҲǻӣ˵ģ֮󴦴ԱϺлڼԼҲˣһ˦ӵߣ֮ҲޱӲȥ֮

ҹջ谵Ӱأ졣
ÿֻȼһյ͵ƣ߲壬ΧЩƺЦԪһ·ľսߣֻޱȵɭ
ߵʱͻȻһվס
յķڣؼγһĻЩֲ
㡭˭
ƶɮµķɣҪˡ
ԪǺУﵨ׳溰Ҫʲô
شͱܴ󣬵Ǹ˵ûкȴ
ƶɮκ㣿
ԪʵҲûϣҵôҽ޷κãһСɣεúңҲǿϰˡ
϶ƶɮûб£
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ߣֻҵ۾
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ײȺ飬ѧϰʥ֮ԣι˵йǧҲˣȻᱻƭ
˵ʩУݲƶɮˡ
ĺԽ˵ԪԽԼͷһҵװѧʣǵȷʵûطװˡ
Ǻãʩȥ㰸ǰ棬ʲô
Ԫߵ㰸ǰһ֮һɫװһʯӡ
һʯͷ
ʩΪװ𣿡
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Ԫߣ˷㣬Ǹ㰸ǰһһ룬滹װһʯͷʯͷĿ϶䣬Ѿɳӡ
ǸһװʯͷҲһ࣬ʩΪװ𣿡
ԪЩΣǻǼֵղû壬Ӧװˡ
Ǻãʩ߲ʲô
ԪԼϣ˷߲㣬㰸ϻһ룬治ʯͷɳӣˮ
ʩε棬һɳʯͷּӽȥһЩˮʩΪ˿ˣ
Ԫβ˴ҿˣӦװȥʲôˣװʲôˮ
ȻԪֻüϣ˷˲㡣
εĴ棬ɳӺˮԱ߲˼㣬Ҳʱĵ䵽Уȴûˮɳ
ûĺ˵ԪȺ˳УҲЩˣ̫ᣬԲˮţװȥˣ
ҲûȺ˵Ԫ͵ǵǵ˷Ų㡣
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˵꣬һԪŪǸ룬Ŀɿڴ
棬ʯͷɳӡˮҵȵȶۼһƺЩˣһ
м䣬Щһ̨̨ȵ̨һľ壬ľ棬Ȼְֻ룬ÿʯͷɳӡˮҵȵȣûһġ
֪ʩΪ棬װٶ
ԪûмĬĬվһθоԼĴˣǰУЩС
˼ʱǸһľŲ֪ķ𾭡
ľ죬ԪȻһֲȥ϶ԷĸоվЩۣ¿˿Ա߻һţ˹ȥȴ
ԪƬ̶Ȳȥǽ죬һȣȻʱ䡣
Ҳ֪˶ãľֹͣˣԪ۾
ʦʲôʱˣ
͸Ԫ죬ʱ䲻ˡ
ʩڸչʱ
ʱ
Ԫ͵ط֣ԼȻĸʱˣֱǲ˼顣
ЩȻɡ
֪ʱʩΪƶɮκ𣿡
Ԫ룬ǵͷ۳ɰܣʦܳԱǡ
ʩ˵ƶɮЩԥˣһУԸʧƶɮʩ֮ˣպسɴ˴ʩҪõҷӣҪƶɮķʮ깦ķѹСպԶȶϢܲƶɮһŪãʩ
ʦضǣܾ꣬ĥΪʱ޶࣬ΪΪԣû뵽ʦѾŴʦı£۳ɰܣִʦֺ
ԥһ£Ԫֵڴʦĵʮ깦ΣǱ˲ͨѧҲ֪βܲʦżǧҪڴʦǰἰǮǶĲһҲǲ֪ˡ
˵ԺԪƺΪա
Ԫ̲ס˸ۣܼҺӣԼһëҲˣĶҲѪҺķʮꡭʮӹʲô˼
ǻ˵ֱ̫ˣԪֻдʣԪǼȻˣƶɮͷʩΪˣƴ˲һḶ́мЩʹ࣬ʩ׼ˣ
׼ˣԪЩŵı۾ôʹأ
Ԫ滺Ԫ㲻ǮǰɣܵǲῪϵġ


100 
֮ϣʱԪʹĺУǸĵūС˳Ӽݡ
ǱһѨˣҲΪֻɵۡ
СͻȥջϢˣֻС˳Ӻ͹ɽ»š
Ǻһֱ˺ҹֹͣûɽ¸С˳ӽ⿪Ѩ
С˳һԵڵأһʹҹ嶼ˡ
һŴ򿪣ԪŰӴ˳ͷң²壬Ϻһһģӻ
С˳ӿԪˣŴӵԪߴСеص£ôˣôŪӣûУ
˵ԺС˳ӻ뿴Ԫĺ棬Ԫһͳ鵽һȥˡ
ʲôأΪĴϴɵģȻʹһЧܺãҸоѾôˣ˵ˣʮµģҵĺˣ
ԪȻû澭ͯӹһڴʧѧϰ񹦣ϴָдӣΪԪѾˡ
ֻԪҽƷУȻѧϰ񹦺󣬶Ѿʮ˽⣬ǳʹãֻʯͷӣʱʱŪʲôԪԾ˿ͷ
Һøտʼ˵Ƶʱʹ࣬ȻԪҪΪԪںԼˡ
һ뵽ʱ򣬻Ԫ˵ҪƸʮµģԪˣоϻջǵģûһطۣС˳ӷԼһȳһյɽȥ
ҪȥϢĥ
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Ԫ˵ͷҪȥͻȻͣ½Ųһ֪ɣ˳ֺ֮£
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һգĵɱӣΪ
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Щ飬ʱڲ̬ᷢ˷չȥһᷢҪһԤźá

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µɽŴǸ޴Ʒ֮£֧һӡ
ӣӺǰˣǰǰǿյģ˵ԱŸᦣдֱĸ֡
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˵Ժϵջ֣Էˣϡ
ԥվǰһΣͻȻеѽǮҵǮأ˭ҵǮˣ
ǲڼˣ
ᰡɽʱ򻹴أһǮ׼ģôûأ
һһǱߺܶͻȻϵʿȻˣֱǻˣոҪƲƣǮͲˡ
˾ǸǮģȻҪǮβõ㣬ǮʲôطˣҲиȥѰҵĿꡣ
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ϵƤһƶÿֻһһԣ˲㣬߰ɣ
ƾǮϵҲǲΪֻϵù뿪ˡ
صʿȥˣϵҲÿֻһԣǺܶ඼ǳľ׼ǵӦ顣
˵һ˽Ѫ֣֮Ǹûˤ˸ͷֱˤƤѪˡ
һ࣬ǾͰʿˣܿģϢɽϡ
һԪ汨ʱ򣬻Ԫⲽһˣ㲻˵ˣɽµѾ֪ʿҲģɽһ
һɣʦи顣
˵
ԷҲ߹ģȻɽ°̯Ȼ˵ɽǱϾɽ֮⣬ϸ˵Ѿֵؽ磬ӲģȻҲԽߣȴһԵӡ󣬺οϵʿɽѾúܶŷˣӲֵ
㲻֪ʦΪΣ
ʦҲǾ֪һĽˣڲԹɫ֮ͨһЩȻ߰˰ˣǺܶҲǸݸֽ۲²ģȫ׼ⷽ˵Ŀòˣܽߣ͹ػ졣
ʦܿɻ񣿡
⡭Ĳᡣһ˵һ䣬ֵȻĲᣬΪʦһġ
ԪȻʧЦ֪ƶɮͻأ
ʦ֪ܲʦУܡ
˵ҾͲܡ
һҲЦˣʦϻף檳Ⱥá
һ䣬ԪɫƶɮҲᣬǶϵİϷƶɮ֪һģɽʶһţӣ֪֪ûɽ


101 Ҳ
Ԫһɽ£̯ǰѾΧ£˺ܶˡ
һ䷽ˣģ׷׸·÷ȥ㣬ǻԪȴʾ޷ôҼֻ￴š
ǸʿҲԪˣûкͻԪ潲Ǵ΢΢Ц⣬֪롣
ʱһŮ˹ϡ
ҷϿˣվ͸ûˣҹ˸Σμ˼飬ǺͷйأæΡ
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ε˷ǽͷ˰ײˣεˣŶһɡε֮ţҲ֪ô£
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ũһϵ˵̱ɺޣѽɱǧģϿлǵðƤ
ʿũ꣬βܰ׽⣬Ҫʮġ
ũȻŭˣҲֻùԹǮ
ҪǮԪԱͻȻλɩƶɮһԡ
ɣôˣ
ũɻʻԪ档
ԪƶɮҲͬξһоƶɮɩΣ
лɡ
ũһ䷽ҲܸԼ㣬ҲŸǮˣϾһ䷽ɵܸߵģȻϵ˲飬Ҳܸ߹һȥ
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ũһϲɣ˵๫ܸ𣿡
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ũĻŭţƵƵͷԻԪһεҺ๫ʲô˼أ
֪ɩƽڼĵλߣ๫ĵλأ
ũЩ˼صģСҵġ
ԪЦһǼδ£
ũ˵ͷԱߵҲЦ
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ũû˵ʲôϵʿͿЦƵꣿԻڣһ꣬ƶҪô˵
ԪûǸʿũ񣬡ʩȥڻüȻɾҪʧˡ
ũԥһ󣬾ɵģɿȥ
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̾˻ʶǰķѾյķˣæԹԵظȥ
ߵʱ򣬸˻ͻԪкɣ˲񸾵ķȻˡ
Ƿ׷׹ϲ״Ԫȵ״ԪˣؿŻԪ棬˼ҷɾ˲ʲô鶼ķֺ
ϵʿ˰ΣͻȻŭԣ϶ԣôɵ飬ôܸУҼ磡϶Ȱµģ
˵ȻҲõһЩ˵ͬϾЩΣԪ澹Ȼǰ֪״Ԫصһ˫ǧۣǸʱ״ԪӦûڶʮ֮⡣
ӷ𣬳˲ڿοʹƶɮŵģǵҲ𣡡
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102 ﷽ɻ
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Ϊʲô
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ˮõʿһЩǰУȷʵһ㣬ԼСӦȻĻ»鷳
ؿŻԪ棬ʿڵУƶڷԤ⣬Ⲣ˵ƶĶһǴġ
ƶɮҲû˵ǴģƶɮʵֻǸ϶ѡ
ԪָǸϣ·ǸǳˣĵķҪԵ
ʿҲˣô£Ҫƶϣ
һ϶ѣк᲻õأĪʲô˵鲻ɣ
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ʿŭؿǸũһۣɫࡣ
򿪣ʲô
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ԪٴһѨεľͺһЩҵѨѨȫϣʹϵܳ忪ҲҪʮµġ
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ʹˣԪҲ£ʲôˣˣʲôֶΣӲԼ۾
Ԫ̧ͷãУһССİ׵ƶ֡


103 ¸
Ԫ´˽ˣһʱ䣬ÿҹϾͻᴫҵؽžѪģᡣ
ȻԼڵĺѾĲˣԪ˻ԪˣɾƵߣÿȥˣſĥĥĲȥҪȵԪһһµĹԹԽ
еʱԪ룬ǻӣҵ˺ˣܾܿδĻʵۣҪأ
ÿÿԻԪʱ򣬺ò׹ͻᱻԷҪֶθ
Ҳ֪ǲǸӴǻȵָƺҪԼһ㣬һֵļ尾ԪоѣѾ²ˣ޷
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ϺиĲɨأɨԼġ
ԺԪͲϺ˵ˣΪϺо
£ûмģǸħɴ죬˵Ӷ⡣
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뿴ɮȭ
ѾǾ¶ʮˣ죬Ǻʡִӡ
Ǿ³齱ˣԪ㣬齱Ϻ󣬾ǰɽɡ
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ŻԪ漤ȵݽɮǶ˷ܲѡ
ϰģûаֵģѪյͣԸίǷңȻҪ˭ò
ܶɮ˽ﻹۣԴӦǸʲô̬ȣ˶ΪԵоҪ㹻ݲУֻû˸ڷɵǰ˵⡣
ȷ̬ȣɮȻˣԷĸɹ
Ԫ˫ѹѹһҪһҪйͬˣǵķ𷨣ڻҪŽϡ
ǰĻ۽ʵɣʲôأ
Ԫ룺裡
ɮôҪ谡
ǻԪͼƻõģһйʸ裬һҪй裬̵޸ǲʤö٣ЩܺõŽ˼˵ġ
ȶӶжӸ裬Լ£ôҲȶˡ
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ϣԣ峿˿˿⣬˵ϡ
˶žһΧһȦŷмȻ
Ԫһ߳һ߽ˣָͣӣ˵ʲôطǸʲôطǱʲôʱҪȭʲôʱҪȡ
Щ˶ܴԼһʱ֮ȫ̻ˡ
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104 ¸
ʾԶҲ޷һĻ£ɮǷ質۳ȭ֮ôġ
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Ԫڱ߱߿ɮǸֵıһҲЩѪ質̫үǶˡ
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зͻѾǡˣ͡
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ǻʱ̴ڵģԼʹˣ¸ҲῼԼΪ̫֮£һˣ»Ȼ󲨣㲻¾ͽս֮С
ԾԪôһѣԪ̾ѣǰԼȥҪʲôأԺ֣Ե
һ£Ԫᶨ̧ͷԻԪɣһȥ֮󣬽ŬЭʣԿ̫ʦȺˡ
ԪЦЦû˵
Ԫû˵ԪЩԻ󣬲̫е˼
ԪһıǱҲᱻʵۿУֻԺ󣬾һжûϣ˵ΪֹЩˡ
ѾԭǸϸԪֻˣȻڻԪη˲ȴḡˡ
ϣʱзִ磬ûϣʱȫûԼ׼򣬾ͺĩٵʱĩղѣȫʧȥϣǣǰԪˡ
ظͶˣò׼飬Ҳûж˵οȻ߶߶ģȷʵǸбµģԪһԸʦ̻塣
ԪָָԶһҰԪʩҰˣ
Ԫ˳ŻԪָķ˿֮һСȻ̫ߣȴ˷ۺɫĻ䣬ΧĻȻܶ࣬ȴѾƿήûмͷˡ
Ԫ˵ͷǲ׻Ԫʲô˼
ԭ㣬ǻΪƸϣ˽ҶΪ⡣
ԪһСʫȻԪС죬ʱЩߴĻ֮УǸʱǳĲۣĬĬš
Ԫųһ˿ʣƺڽ̵Լʲô
ʱСЩߴĻݣһȼȥƶɮȥˣƶɮ뿴ǲܳŹңƴ¶ι̵ԼһأĬĬŵķʽЩߴĻݷĿ
ЩߴĻݶС쵱ɶ֣໥ȡӪŭһʱˣ紵ѤһʱȴήˣĬĬŵСڴϷɵʱųĻ䡣죬ֺɽļˡ
ʦң
ԪһЩԪĻһЩ뷨
ʩµĻ䣬¶ҲҪܺ紵ҲĵлӰеĻ䣬ƾһ΢ˮ֣ȻȴĳãһգҲų۵ӷʩߺãƶɮˣ
˵һ䣬ԪûٺԪ˵ֱȥ
˵˵ˣˣԪǻԪҲ޷ˡ
ԪĻԪվδ
紵Ԫ³һֵԼࡣ
ĬĬʩһ񣬿ʦԪɣȫʦմͽ֮


105 װ֮
Ԫ뿪ˣҲĵ뿪ˣûкͻԪ𣬲֪ȥ
ô˵ԪǹԲˣҲȴһ׮¡
ڳԼ˽ƷԪʱַչһģʱ򣬾ٰһᣬǸʱ򣬽ӷڷϣģһˡ
ܿ͵ҹǾ¶ʮյˣҲǾµĳ齱ʱ䡣
Ԫ汾ȥ齱ģΪһЩûȵʱʱҪˡ
֮£Ԫֻԭ͵س齱
ϵͳʾ𣬻Ԫ˳齱ת̣ʮͼٴγˡ
Ȼûȥˣγ齱»һЩϺõ书ûв˵ϴγֵ˫Ҳûг֡
Щؾľ۱ĦõȺõĽҲûУһЩͨķ
Ҳһ㣬Ҳûдģɢˡ
ƵĻԪֱӾͱŴȥˡ
ǽ컹治ʲôӣ󽱻ʱͣˡ
ùûͣ棬ͣһ̷档
ģ
Ԫ۾һҲǲģԼΪɣڻͨɮۣûһ棬ۿɽִˣԼ̫ȥҲǲ̫Ŀνá
ȡ˽齱
һʮɫĳ˻ԪС
оЩ
Ҫ֪Ԫ߲ޱһĶﶼȻܸоһЩ֪Ӧʮϡ
Ԫаϲ˳صģȻǷ
Ķһâҹɫ𣬻εĻԪ涼Ծ΢΢۾
Ԫӡ棬ֻ֪ɮĽǼ˵һƣ֣֮׹һ˿óʥ֮˿ɽΪߡɶ֯ͣŮɡ
Ƕҹ顢ĸ̡顢Ħ顢ٳ顢顢觡ɺӵȵаѽС
ԪԼĺͽȽϣܳûУĦûУûУûУľȻȫУ
Ľĸҹ飬Ҳϰ
һž޴ĸ̣Լǰĸþؿڴ
ıʯҲԶ֮â˸ɷǺÿ
ȻЩʯǲǻԪصģıôأǱʯԭ򣬻һϵԭ
о⻬ȴ쳣ļͣ΢΢ЩӦñ;вķ
иҪһ㣬ǻԪ֪ûʲô⹦Ч
Ǹľ㣬óһͺΰԼĴæ
ϵͳĶһ㶼еЧģЩҲЧ
ģԪҲ֪
ҹ䣬ҲоҴʲôЧԼҲоϣԼĳǰܿʲôɡ
¶ʮ峿Ρ
ɮ˿Ԫʱ򣬾ȲǻԪμΣǸо췽ɵ̫ҫˡ
ǰûģһǣּ֪ҵ׵ģǰûģʹ׬ǮˣҲԪ
ⱦףȫ˵ķ緶˵ӸԪƽһׯ֮ࡣ
Щɮ¶ľη֮ɫԪ֪ĵô٣ԼһеɮǸоʵʵڵġ
֮⣬Ԫ滹֣ĵļͳ̶ȻԼ֮ϣԼüʵһ£ָ̲˼ġ
Ҫʵ󣬻Ԫö챦һˡ
պԼܳȡȣһĶôģһװˡ
֤ʵЩ֮󣬻Ԫ潫
ȻãǱϾǱһʱҪš
ǵȵִʱ򣬻ԪʹϾǸ⣬Ҳͬǰһδɵݡ
ΣԪ׼ˣִˣԼϵɽǱס£ϤϤҲи׼
Ԫƣ˴ִʱ䲻̫̣ΪҪ̣˳һͻ̣עôġ
ΪԼͲˣԼͬ뷨˿϶У޼ɵ̴ô졣
ҲĿŵĶԸμִˣڿȥôιˣһս㲻þͻֱ
Ȼ˷Լˣ޼ҲӲưɱʲôֶҲʹˣò
Ԫ潫ֵȽһ¡
ȥɽԼһȥҲܴ̫࣬һյɮµһɮȫ¡
Ԫȥ˼ҸԼԪûȤֻ÷㡣
ȥһҲܸȥ
ΪһݣʺϳϣȻһ֣ŶԼаǻԪ治ô
˴ߣôֻһޡ۽ͻţˡ
л۽ͨǡ
һոڣԪҲ뵢ǾŻ޺ͻţˡ
Ժ󣬵ջԪͽԼİ׳ƥԪΪļһΪĻɫ
ҲֻԪڳ޺ͻţϳһＸȵ˵һҲǳ
֮ǰԪֽԼķĶᵽķ䣬Ʊܡ
Ԫĺöɲ٣书ؼж񽣡ӡ󻹵СǸľȵȣ˹ȥ
Ҳû˵ʲôҲûоܾûоԪͷˣϹأûܴ߶ġ
һ齻ϣԪģһЩҩͺͻ޻ţ뿪֡
һ·ǰУɽɵķȥ
ԪڳĬĬ˼
һִᣬпȫıֵĽ֡
Ҫôһͳϣеĵֿȫҷ
Ҫô˷ֱ߽⣬ִӴ˽սʱ
ԭ״ÿǲģ޼ɲ뿴Ȼٿ˴δᣬ¶ĵģ϶жֻҪ˲ͬ⣬ͻ⡣
ʱƾһҵԿ޼ɲ̫ʵ
ԻԪǰһȥϣܽύһˣҲз˴˾ٵģÿԼͬԿռݾƵˡ
֪У˹
˹ٵ֮󣬿ֱɽԪúϢһ¡
û۾ͻȻٵϴһ
׼ȷ˵Сٶȴ
ʿ
Ԫ滳ʿʱʿпҲȥμִģԪ̲סĵƿĴ⿴
ۣʲôʱ¿ҲܵôˣԪ̾


106 
ģһֻɫСë¿һ׺ͷϱһƺ«һ£Ӳߣһֻ۾ΧƤѾӦǸڼԦſµСë¿ܡ
ԪߵĲ죬ǸͷСë¿ȷʵҲһ㣬СһƥҪ㣬ܿ׷˻Ԫĳߡ
Ǹ׺ͷһɨԪ棬ҲǾصڵˮƽǸߣжˡ
ƶɮȻȴɰ۳Ұ
ԪǴЦͷȥͦ˼ġ
ٺ٣ϺȻĽǲʰǱ߻Ų·ء
ͷƺ«˹һڣϺߵļ¿ͷ񺺣ϲࡣ
ԪһЦڵ·һߣ֪ʱ߳ɽ¿ؿ
ͷȵؿ˻Ԫһۣû뵽ְҵȻҲܳô⣬ֺԼʫˡ
һˣ£¿˿Ԫ棬ٴεһУòƷࡣ
ԪЦЦһǸ߼ͷ޸ë
˵ԺͷЦ
ԪЦ˲ϣʱѾŪһϲޡ
ģȥܵ½ϵϷƶɮŪһ룬浱ƶɮĲɣ
飬ԪˣȻͷȥƺ򵥣ǻԪҲںϹֱ̬ԼշˣٸҲ߲ȥ㲻ɡ
ҲǺٺһЦԪǰ·æ¿
ԪԼǰֿ佱Լë¿΢΢ͷвԼˣʫ佱ԼȻǳˣͲȴػ㡣
Ԫû뵽мӭᣬУ
߱Ļһ¾ʻ˶׺ӶĲ
̫˴˲˲Ҷ̣ȻʫԼ̣߷Щըˡ
ǸлţӷƶɮĲɲѣвָ֮һ
ֲ˰죬Żƽƺ«ٴιһھƣԻԪһЦããϷݺὭ꣬һֱΪжظ֮ȴϷԺеӡΪĹˣСУ㲻
˴˱˴ˣҲĲɷƶɮʰ·硣
ٴδЦкܶԼƢ
¿ٶԱһ㣬߿ǰϳĻ޺ͻţˣüһӣô˸ߴСУĸģͰǮԷ𣿡
Ԫո˵ģϲ˵ֲŵˡ
޺ͻţҲǷǳߣܳԵʲôզŪͰأ
˵ƺӿǣҲܻ޶Ƿˣ䵽ƥϡ
ۣ̫ˣΣͷҲܲϷϲϷϲ
˵Ժͷ¿˹ȥȥ쿴ڡ
͹ˣﻹͷԼ죬̧ȾҪ߹ȥŵǱߵë¿æˣͷҲûɡ
ѽĵССУ˰ϷΣֻҪ㿪۾С
Ԫ˰֣ɣҲǧҪһΪҪᷢġ
ʲô
ͷһ£ȻҲҼʹһ£Ҳڷɣ
㲻ףǾԲ׵ģΪĵߡ
ͷЩԪԺˣСУΪʲô
⻹򵥣ûǾ׻¿죬ͬ⣡
ѽͺ¿¿أԭǱŷӵأ
ͷٴαˣл治Ǹʡ͵ƣԼ˵һ䣬ͻһ䣬˵зͰͷԼ¿
һΪƶƺЩƴͺ¿ͷüͷһ壬һơ
СУ·ͨɽɵģʲôѵҪȥɽ
ǡ
СУɽɶģȥի𡣡
κ룬һˡ
ͷתתԻԪСУҲˣʵɣϷˣȥɽǲǴ˰
ԪͷۣͷȻЦǺǵģȴԪһֲϢ˵ʱתƾԪ浱ôõĺƾͷںԼ
Ԫƽעͷƶɮֻ𷨣նˣκ֯
СУҪˣںϵؽ磬ûĺôͷвüëҲЩƺЩӡ
ƶɮһȻƴҲ˾һҪΪƶɮɡ
ɲô˵ã޵һ޵ڶȻǳˣΪһԱĳ⣬մǷ𣿡
˵Ժͷ͵ظͷ׷޷Զһֱ۾˸ŪĺԪ治ӦϾҪһ
ԪȴûںԽˣԽ¶ڶƣѾȵǸöǿ࣬˵Ļ޼Ҳڣɶʱðһǿĸأ
ƶɮ֮ļĪҪˡ
ԪնĻͷϸԪ棬ƺ֪˵Ǽ١
Ԫηĺӣ˷ôˣԪһֱ¯ˣʲôˣ뿿ƶɮ룬뿿ɱƶɮãɱңսмңܾˡ
һͷʵڿԪģֻȻ󣬵ȴԼһɲĸоҿȥ书ҲǺܸߣ֪š
ˣСУܴϷƭ㣬Ϸ㻹˳ۣȰһ䣬ɽһУȥأ࿴˵л߾ߡ
л棬ƶɮġ
ʲôҵģ
ƶɮַһ䡣
üһСС;ȻǷɣ
ͷҲǾһ£ƺֺ
ҲȻȵ𣬵ҲڵǷңʱͨ㣬ͨŸǿհף˴ٶȻǺġ
ʹЩ֪,Ҳڷͽ֮С
ţһ䣬£ϷˣлᣬϷȥƿ
ûȻԪشԶһƺ֮ƮʲôźţͷһۣԻԪСУסϷĻɽɾˣ
˵Ժͷµĺ¿һ̵ûӰ
Ԫ濴ͷ뿪Ĭ
ͷ̶ȣ»һ֮ϣղǴ˶ԼͻȻ֣ԼԵֵ
ûʲô˼ɣӦòˡ
Īħʲô
֮˴εɽ֮УԲ򵥡


107 ѿ
ɽɾִᣬںֽͷȴˣͷĽɶӵ룬Ҳаȫһá
ɽ£һеĿջɽɰˣӴμִɣӵĿջһͨ˶ûˡ
Ԫ浽ʱѾǻƻʱ֡
ӿڣ˵Ԫӭ
λʦ£
ϵķɱûһ£ûϹģԺյķɣֻһңԵȺ˲дһʡ
ǣϻشˡ

Ӵ˿װӦɽɵͨӣԱ߻һЩʹģݸߵģȴվǱûйȻǿ»ֵȥӴ
޸ǰ߹հ˹յģһҿջſڡ
ӵ£˿ջ㡣
ķǵģǾס£ÿͿɵ¥´ãȵһ磬ֱɽɡ
ӽˣתߡ
ԪҲƽ̬ȣŻ޶˽˷䡣
ȻƫƧһЩʰĻɾʱİ
޺ͻţȥŪԵˣԪڴߣĬĬܽӥݻϢ
ɽ£ۣ߻ӣΣ޴ڣԪ˽⵽ϸϣ˽˭ǿԺģ˭ǵˣж
ӥص۲ĿꡣǸߡԪ֪˭
ߵԼ֪ˣһҾԼʮһլ棬һֱûгţԪҲ޷˽⵽
ţɵˣ
ӥ۲쵽ɵ˵ˣ˻Ԫע⡣
ɵɽӵĴ£ȥһҿջȻԪסúܶ࣬ϾǱ˵ġ
ɮ֯ƵԼ鷳Ԫ滳ɱӶˣܾܿɡ
ΪɽֻɺɣжԸԼɣ˵ԸԼֱӾͻˡΪ㣬п֮ܽ֡
ȻԪû֤ݣʹҲûá
֮󡣻Ԫ½ط˺ܶɣкֵùעģһȺؤ
ħ̱Ϊµһɣʵʵ»ûؤࡣ
ֻħƶɭϣڽ书ؤӣʵսϲħֹ̲һ
ؤںзֶ棬ֶһӣԲ硣
Ǵ˴ǰμӺִԪϣ˵ؤųµһںһż֮ؼʲô˵ģǻˣҲӦӦѡ
޼Ҳܱؤֶļˣôؤ˵ݣЩѵ˼
Ҫؤֻ֧޼ɣô黹ǲŪˡ
ԪЩͷʹţؤͻ޼ߵȥ
ʱ򣬻޻ˣһЩԵģ֮ԻԪɣ˶˵˵ħ̵󻤽̷Ѿ˺ϣ׼ּۼɽɵˡ
ħ̵Ļ̷
ǵģɿ֪ħ̵Ĵ𣿡
֪
ԪĽ֪ʶѷ治֪ĴҲ
ħĴǽ϶һˣĸħϣߣħ̽Īаʮˣħ̵߲㣬ǿսһѧ
˵˵Ĵ
ħ֮УߣϺĴڣĴֱǣֺžĿأ·޲£۽ţɽ
Ŀ
ԪһĪԼˣħ̵Ļ̷
֪Ԫɻ󣬶пܣʱҲû뵽һ㣬ΪϾħ̵Ļ̷ǵľ̫ңԶǵһ˵ʶ쿴ĶĿߣпܾħ̵ĶĿء
ô˵Ǹ˭
˵һĴΨһŮԣ·޲¡
ǸŮˣ
ûһŮˣ޲ºžħ̳ž洴ڽһռ˺ܶˮ˵ǰĴ󴬶ԳԶˣϣʥѪ̡޲һȽصЩһ¶ʱҲûмΣÿ¶棬һ£ʹ˫ɱ˾ͺв˲࣬Ҳֹߵͣ´ûлڣĴ棬Ϊµġ
Ԫһ£ĳֶԸμִˣΪЩֵܷ
ͷ²õֵǶĿɽ˾ûһֵģĻ˫Ѿﵽ˵Ƿ켫ĵزǻ޼Գ֣ҲǼֲʮУοǸ޲£Ů˵Ľһ·޾һȺս֮Уһɱ涯Ҳ׵ġ
Ԫ˵ͷʾ޿ȥϢˡ
޺ͻţס䣬Ԫס䣬ȥˣԪɴͿʼʰ۲ΣȻܣҪδȻһʲôսͻԼһҪһʱ뿪ѡһõ·
ⲻӱܣԼûбҪԸħ̶ȥһƶɮͲˣֵĴҵȥء
ڻԪѾȷħ̿϶ɽ˳ˣǸĿѾѹԼɽʲôõط߾ߡ
һЩ˶Կ޼ɣڿҲûҪˣʱȥӦȻҸͶݡ

Ȼħ̽ҪϢɣӶûпħһˣһЩʿΪⲻħưˣȺɽħ̵˵ٴҲʱۻ롣
Ȼ̬ȵģһЩé®Ľ񣬲֪ߵغЩϽɲ롣
˵޲µĴ֮ܶ˶ĵ뿪κΧѾɽΰأִ֮ǰֹκȥ
ԪɽӥضǸĿߵľûк˽ͷһֱգǸ߾ȻûгݣûԪ㲻״
ҺȥˣԪһֱ㲻ڷͯӹ
ʮ³һ糿Ԫٴͨӥ鿴߾סķ仹һ㶯ûУ˵ˣӰӶ
ӥǾԲῴģ˫ӥۣ͵ľ֮һЩĿ궼ܷ֣ʮ֮ڣϵΣصͼⷿǰԼһ֮ڣ֣߳ܿġ
һֱӰûԪ˻ɣһҧɴýӥһγͿշУװȥץСĴӥڵ
ӥɹǷĴӣط飬ԪϢǣڿһˣ
Ԫ浱ʱһˣСӿ϶Ϊ˰Ѹٵˣլ˸ɿǣڵѾ֪ȥˣ
ǻԪҲ޷뿪ӣۿʱ䵽ˣֻεظȺɽ
ϣĿͲ·˶һЩԼһĶߵĻᡣ


108 澭
ɽΪϵһɣ޽ƻֺ꣬ʤ۷֮ϡ
޼ΪɽţҲǸƼͬʦֵʮˣҲǺڣΪԲҲѾڵľ磬˳Ϊɽʮ̫
ɽѧɽһʮ·ɭϣ糤ǹꪣݺǧˡ֮ʦЩ껪޼ɿרѧɽѾﵽ¯ĵز
ɽҲжڹΪɽķжƷƣЩ书ǵ춨ɽΪϵһɵĻ
˵޼ڸһ񹦣ǾʲôͲö֪ˡ
֪޼ѾڶĸˣͻƣΪڣǽǽ϶˵һˣʱɽƾ߳ˣλø˿Զҡ
գ޼ɽɵĴ֮УԼѵ
ӣϴԪ£϶졣
ʱˣؾصڴڣĿݵؿϷĻ޼ɡ
յ常һЩ仯˱øӵᣬϣϣˡ
еʱߣܸܵһɺ⣬鲻Խ¡
ܶ˶˵常ĵ񹦣ڿпˡ
常ºܸߣɽȺۻûɽ˴ȶԼ˽һЩҪע顣
գɽҪһ죬ܷͳһڽˣǸԶȥϵһЩɣһȸЩˣΣ˶ҪһͳκΥˣҪ
ϴԪһ䣺常ؤأ
ؤҲ⣡ؤһԺ˵ãǲҪ˸ʲôϣǱˣҪڴϱ̬֧ңǵ쳤Ϻҹϵ֮ͬġ
常Ҿؤﲻͬ⣬Ͼµһ常Ȼ쳤Ͻã쳤Ҳһˣ书Ҳ常֮£þ常ġ
ԪµĻ޼ɵɫôΪҵı첻ǸϽлˣ
ǵģ˼ֻ˵һʵ쳤Ҳڶ壬ʵȷʵ常֮£ǾҲûг常ǲ֮ѡ
ԽͣǱ߻޼ɵɫһ֡
ƽ޼ɵ⼸ӣǰǳԣ޼Ҳǵļ⣬ǽղͬˣ޼ɵ̬Ѿ˱仯ȻԪ˵ûһףԼĶȴô
ǻ֪ԼѾɽɵķΪǰĻ޼ɣҪ֪һ޼ѾǵǸɽţѾ˶ֵУиҵˣҪõѵ
ǰҲһ
һɱŰϢ𣬻޼ɻر۾ԼƲס̸¶ɱ
Ǻܶʱû֪֮Ԫ¸ûʶ޼ɵı仯ڱոֱԵȷʵõ˻޼ɵĶο佱Ѿγ˶ʽҪһܵˡ
ԶΪ常ӦòȡַؤﻹһЩӰİɣ׺ѵĲԣЩСͳͳշȻٿʼһЩ͵ɣδῪʱ䳤һ㣬ǵļƻ
ˣϷҪ̵
޼޷Ԫµ߶ǰŻ˳Ļڶޱȵķ꣬˵۾һ̧һƾԪȥ
ǵһɰɫ
һɺ̹ǣ
Ԫû뵽常ͻȻԼ֣޷֮£ɺУ
ֱɢľֱӱգڶ̶̵ʱڣϾͿʼ˪
Ϊڸˣ޷תȥֿɱͷüëܿĽ߶µ˵
ûȣԼֲӾͻȥ
޼ɳ֮ŭһЩľȻԪ£̬ѾˣԼȻ֣ͲʩȣȻ
յĸ˿ҲǿѹôؿԪ¡
ԱߵҴԪȳͷԼĻôվģͲԪˡ
ʱţ޼վûгȥԪ£ȥ
ȥȥ׼ִᣬܿ͵ʱˣ
վӦ֮󣬷׷׶Ի޼ɹϲϲ常񹦴ɣӴɽɱؽһɳ죡
常ѧɽѧ澭Ҳ˺Ƶľ裬ǰ常ʽڵľ磬ӴԺҲǽʿеһԱˣ
йһͨ黳չһδ޼ɵ΢һЩղŶԪȥ֮ҲʧˣԶ˵ͷǶ˺úúˣ常ǵġ
˵ͷӦ׷ȥ
ԪûŻ޺ͻţɽԭļƻҪ޸ˣܵʱ»㣬Ԫڿջҵͻ£Լȥġ
Ȼ޶ЩģǷɵҲֻء
ȺԪʤ۷塣
ɽʤ۷Ʊ֮ɽҪߺܶ࣬ͨϵɽûʱϲȥм仹Ϣ
Ķ磬ʱɽϸϡ
ˣ·ҲǸ̸۵ģЩ뽭ͷǸ˵ħε·Լε̽ħȵȡ
ԪһֱŶۻصȥߵҲȺĺ档
ڵɽɽԺģѾŪһγأмһԼһ׵̨ӣԲεģʮ׷Բ
ɽŴһǽС磬һŻƤΣ׵ĸ̨ǻ޼ɵλˡ
ڻ޼ɻûһЩάɶ½ҵԼλá
ȻԪɽӵĴ£Ҳҵµλʡ
ҲǷǰźŵģԪطǺţֻһŰʣǰŸµӡ
ԪЦһ£ҲΪɽɵˣȻǵط
Ҳãۡ
Ԫ¿˿Լĺɽɵĸǽˣʤ۷Ȼͦߣûկɽôվ飬ԼԴ﷭ǽȻƾһέɽûġ
˼ʱǱ߹һɽӸߺȵӭɽһƮѩ޼ɴ
ǶŬǱ߿ֻƤε棬޼Žɫ磬˳
ԪҲ̲סȥ⻹һμ޼ɣŻ޼ڣǾӦú;òࡣ
ǵԪ濴޼ɵʱȴое㲻ԣ޼ɣƺӡ
ӸоϣԪǾãһ죬ԶԶǻ޼ɵĶ֡
Īǣͻˣ
Ԫ͵뵽ܣԽԽӦã޼ͻˣôε飬Ҫƽٵı


109 ͷVS
޼֮󣬺ʡͷʽʼˡ
˵Щɷ׷ʩǵĴƽһЩСҲʩ
Ҳкܶ಻˵Ĵûжûи޼ʩıҪЩʲôɣԪҲһһ
޼ڴ֮ϣ緢·ȺۣԼһĸо
λͬ
޼ɿˣ氲ҶҪ˵ʲô
λͬɽɣλѾ֪һЩԭ򣬽ʱ˵Һϼսң˽͢Ѿʱ޶ˡ
˶ûڣϢ治ԣһսΪյǰ䣬ǳ͢Ķ
ֻϣ˭Ҳȥ޼ɰˡ
ʵ֤ûд̣Щ飬һЩĵ˶׫ҥ԰ˣĿĲʿ֪߽ˣǺͳκ֣ĿĿﰡ
޼ͻȻվ˵˭˭˶ƣħֻ̣һֱΪеħ̣ЩˣĻǵԸ𣡡
һЩ˵̸͵ܣ
Ǹ͵˲ر࣬Ҷݵģ˭ҲûӣȻ޶ȥ͡
޼ɼҪģǸӽܵŽħһ˿ɳ֮Ǻֳ۳Ϊһ壬˸׳󣡹ħ̣
û˸ͣҶڹ۲˵̬ȡ
Щ䳡޼ɱһߵƽ̨֮ϡ
һѾڱУκͼƻϵģ˵ĵˣħ̵ļϸһĳ˾ԲŹģ
ɨ䣬Щ˵һһӹ
ܶ˵ͷҺͻ޼ɶӣҲһЩȻ޾廪޼ڣԳڳһЩš
ڣʼͳƣԸ˵ģҪԸģ˵ĵˣʼɣ
޼ɷϣɽӿʼóֽʼ¼
ԭ˵Щɷ׷վ˳ʾԸˡ
һľɵŰˣʿԪΪҲҪˣԼɵĵλæһʾ֧֡
ڳɴԼʮнһ붼ԭ˵ģܶʿϵģЩ˵˾ͿʼѣҲˡ
Щ˵Ĵ£Լʱ֮󣬼¼ڲɣѾﵽʮżҡ
ʣûͬģԼҲʮлǴɣԪССֻһң޷ֺˡ
Ԫ汾Ϊ޼ҪЩɣ㶨Լû뵽޼ͻȻĿ䵽Լϣɽ£Ըˣ
˵ĿⶼŻ޼ɵʻ䵽˻ԪϣҶ뿴СôӦˣΪʲôڶûͬ⣿
һı·ߵĻԪ˲任ׯϵɫԻ޼ɵʩǷңͲЩ쳾ˡ
ڶʱЩоȻֱӾܾ˻޼ɣӲС
޼ɵɫ˲ַɣ㲻ϼˣòűħ̳ɣ
Ŀ䵽ϣǰЩȥ֣ʲô
ɫЩֵ飬Ժû˵ںԣ޼Ѿ֪ˣ϶˸ܣʱԼܼᶨô»úԪһ³
常֣ħʥŮ㽫£ϧϾֵֹ̣֮δˣͲö֪ˡ
ߣ
޼һʾ£ȻԻʾַɣȻ˽ͨħ̣ͺйᣬֹˣնȻңڻɽ̽ǲ׼ħӦϰ㻹кλ˵
Ԫ뷴ͻȻǱһſˣǾŻ£Ͳλڴ˾ۻˣȸˡ
һȽϴˣŹҲһĸ֣Ȼ޼ɲҲ٣ô޼ӡ
޼ɫ˲䣬Թ߾𣡡
ǻأ
ɼʽԼ书Ѿڻ޼֮£¸޹˼ɣֺƶԷ
ãչ˵ģĳ˰ƽ̨Ϊ˶ԸЩ֮ˣȻһΪУôǻĳ˵ĵˣ
һԾƽ̨
˷ϻҲ˵ˣòֲ飬սһ
һս棬Ԫȷˣ޼ɹȻͻˣҲںܾˣھȻȫ޼ѹŴ
һ޼ɾͶ֮䣬ƺһɰڹŻе
ˣ޼ͻˣƶɮǶ֣ϽѰҳ·
϶˽ֲӣ޼һƣһǺƽ̵ˡ
һƣƴתǺ
޼ɣúݣϷ㱨𣡡
ۿǶ֣һԾɽɵĸǽȥ
޼Ҳ׷ϣעŹȥ
ոմǽͷͻȻһδȵĹ˲ͱ˴⬣ʬǽͷ䡣
ܣλ涼Ѿ˹֣˭óȻ뿪Ժӣǵİ
㷴˳Ĭ
޼书ͻˣѾڳһ֣ǲ֣˭Һԣˡ
ˣҲЩҡˣ㿴ңҿ㣬ٴվ˳ˡ
һͷģ˸棬أֻʣؤͻԪˡ
޼ȰĿͶؤֶؤǴɣҲǿֻҪ˹Ҹɣ飬Ҫǲ롣
޼ɵĽ飬ؤֶҲ˵ͷһԽܵĽ֡
ڳɶѾ룬ۿʣ»ԪԼˣһᣬ׼ӲͻΧǲǽǵɽڿնýӥԼʱ򹭼Ҳκβˡ
ҪжʱͻȻ洫һŮһȺСͷˣ
žһĲҽЩӼֺնɱ
Щʱͽˣħ̵ˣǲ·޲ǸŮħͷˣ
ɱ𣬹Ȼħ̵ˡ
˲궯Ƿ׷װεý׼ս
ԪͷһҽԼô˵ԼѾûйˡ
ܵĺʱ
ԪͻȻһ߷ԼǰӣȻ͵ƣɽӴ򷭣һԾֱǽͷ
߸ոԾǱһٻӰҲǽͷҪԺӣȴԾĻԪ˸ײ
ԪֻоԼĹͷײһ֮ϣԼѡ
;裬Ԫ
ԾŮӣһƺߣΪʹĶǽͷ֮ϣ˫أϴɴȻ飬ǲѾ֤ܵײжء
оɴĺ⣬Ԫ治Դ۷徳ͷôײˣԼ˻Ů˲ˡ


110 
ӲײôͻȻķˡ
·޲£ħĴ󻤽̷֮һԪͷ͵ײؿڡ
书ٸߣҲġ
۵޲¶ǽͷؿڣҲǣ໹ۡ
ԪʱʶԼ뿪Ｔ˼Լܿһԩꡣ
޲ûлԪͻȻһ͵Ծǽͷ޲µԾ˹ȥ
Уɣ
޲µЩˣȻѾˣһֱԪȥ
ԪзԾǽͷѸ׹
գʮһʯʯͷһΪ
龰ٻӥĻԪҲˣϣûɸ֮ǰŮĻӣʵʵؿ˫·ɡ
ɽɴԺ֮Ѿɱ죬ЩͻԪûϵˣֻͷɱ
Ǹ޲ҲȥԺɱˣ˫һڣֱ׷ɱԪ档
ƽûܹίһԴײײ÷ǳۣ޲öҪըˣѻԪʬξݡ
УأҲҪնĹͷ
Ԫͷһ޲µٶ죬ԼӽУ
Լ˾ṦһέɽģȻԷ׷ŵĻԪͷðŮħͷṦδ̫һЩ
ٴηں޲±һȫ롣
Ԫ˦¶ԷҲ޲׷ҲףһǰһԽԽԶ
޲ħ͵Ϯ˵ļƻûоȫ仪޼ڣѧ˺֮Ǵż֣ס˶ۻأ޷ɱ¾ͨӡ
ʣĵطһƬսħȻбռϷ磬ʼħһɱ˶˺󽥽ҲסţȻ޷ħ̣ħҲ׵ĳԵˡ
ս˰ʱ޲»û֪μƻʵѾʧˡ
Ȼħɱˣ˻û߽⣬޼ɻţԼ޷ô֡
ﰵԹ޲£һ޹ʹ˾ˣ׷ʲôߵս뽩֡Ů˰¶ǲף統ţɽһˣ罫Щļһɱˡʩչ˼оѧߵļֱˣضԻ޼ɵС󣬽Ͳˣǳ
޼ɲ׷أԼȻڣǺʮǰڵϹȣкܴĲ࣬ȫаֲżֵڣ˫ɱôһԼˡ
ħȥˣصʬ壬Ȼ˵ļ仹ڵͨԱҲԪˡ
һִݱΪһ׳
޼ɵһʡ֮ΣҲվûɡ
УܰɣܵҲӳ̵֣
޲ĸڻԪеṦ̫ˣȻԼ߳һߣҪ֪ʥѪ棬ṦܺԼþԲˣĴ棬ԼṦǵһȻ׷С쾳磬޲¾ѾˣǿҲǺڶѣ޲ţֻҪȥ;õʱ̡
µ·ڵˣߵҲڷɿصˣԪѾЩˡ
֪˶ˣŮһֱԼ棬쾳磬ԳѭԼܲӮġ
ǻԪ治ͣŮ˵Ľ֮ڵľ֮ϣһԼͷֵס
ǻͷŮʩ˰ɣƶɮСײһ¶ѣͲĵ׷ƶɮϰˣͷۻûء
޳֮ͽҪɱ㣡
ԪĻ̼ˣ޲µٶȾȻּӿ˼֡
Ԫ治ٴ̼ˣͷһǰ澹Ȼû·ˡ
ôãѾ뿪ɽɵķΧԪ֪ԼܵʲôطǰȻһϿȡ
ʵҲ㲻Ͽȣֻһܳѷ죬ȴԼʮңס
ԪԾȥǺѣҪϢһ£ôʽɱԼǵһΣϢЩҡ
ոһͣ£޲¾׷
Ůʩ׷ƶɮȥ
ԪѾüҪˣ޲ںֱӾһ
Ԫŵ͵صͷۿѾ·ߣֻһҧƴԾȥ
ûиţԪǾԿԾѷģ޲ۿԪҪܣԸͳ嵽ϿȱϣһɨԪ档
еĻԪ氵п࣬ˣԼѾ޴ɶˡ
֮£Ԫ˫ֺʮһָڿӭǵ
Ƶ𣬻ԪȻֵס˽Ҳʧȥ˹ԣʼ䡣
޽֮Ԫȵ׵Ѿɱ⣡
Ͽȱϵ޲£ԪôҲģ
ҵȥˣҲ׵ķŹ㣡
ָһ̧ŻûȫȥԪһָ
ң
ָΪΣ޲û뵽Ԫ浽ʱܷһʱ챻нס
Ľף˾ͻǰ㵹޲ҲЩƣˣŲһȻվȣǰ㣬ֱҲ
һָԪ⣬ʼٻӥ
ӥһֱϷԼϿˣõʱ򣬻ԪţӥܰԼӿקȥ
ӥ֮Уͬսһ¸
޲±Ԫ氵㣬ĺѾ޾ڿϳһֻ޴ӥƺҪǸУôûԪԸ˻䣬ĽѾ׼ˣֻҪֻӥɹԼضһնȥôխɽڣֻӥ޴ɶġ
޲µĶԪųһͷ亹æýӥֹͣ뿪
ӥһַգϿȷǳխʺжԽԽխӥҲԸ£ܾܿͷɲȥˡ
ǽӥΨһȻԪĻᣬǱ޲ƻˡ
еǸŮˣΪ紵𣬹ճߣɴҲ֪ʲôطȥˣ¶һգʱڿĵĴЦ
Уˣأ
䣬Ԫ濴ǸԼϷʮ״޲£ǵùŮ鷳̫ˣŮԼһˣôģѵɱƶɮһôгɾ͸е
ƶɮһûأ
ۿȵԽԽԪͷĳ뼤Ҫȥ
ŬתԪ¹ۿϿȵͱϣЩľ̽˳
Լ׹ٶ̫죬Щľ²סԼҪһЩС
һ뵽٣Ԫһ½ԼϵǼק˳ִʱûóȴˡ
ץסǣԪ͵ؽһ
ٶ˲һ㣬ԪϲֻҪܼһٶȣԼϣ
û⣬޲Ϊٶȼˣ޲µٶȴûֱҵϡ
ˣԪһ˵һټϳֱȵ׹ȥ


111 
Ԫ̧ͷĻƱԴ
ʹܶطѪˣȶЩˡ
ԼԴ·һ鱻ʯ
ҿͷײʯͷϣײʯͷϣɾͲˡ
ǿ۾ϷһЩ֦ҡţ߻ж֦ǱԼʱҶϵġ
ҲЩ֦˳ǾԼһ
΢΢̧ͷΧһԶһŮˡ
ǸħŮ޲£
ʱǸŮ˿ɽϣģʹ֮ɫһ˫СԼؿڲͣȥ
·ŷĸ޲µ²ϵر״ˮΡ

ԪˣŮ˲ڰɣոմɽϵȻ£ʵһ̶
ߵĶ޲һ۾ÿԪ濴Լѩ׵̷һƣҲؿ
У̺޲ɱ㣡
Ԫ濴޲£ȥԼʮͣȻδ׼ȷòȷʵˣ쳣ÿ
һ׼ȷĴݾΡ
۾С°ͣһС꣬Ľëǵʹ֮ɫ˵ĸоȴ֮⣬һˣôҲǸɱŮħͷմ߶
޲Ȼ˵ҪɱԪ棬ȴһ
Ԫϸȥ޲µһȫѪǹˣַϣҲһֻһֻڻҲԼһ˺ۡ
ãûʲô˺ۣȻһź
ԪҲ˲ŬŲƶһ㣬ǿ޲µŮʩƶɮԩ޳׷ɱƶɮ˫˫ɽ£֪ûȥ֮գⲽػڿ𣿡
УԴײݹˣȥһָôɽɱɱ˭
ԪЦһ£Ů˽Ȼһѵ顣
ԪҲˣ޲¸ûɱԼҽεĻֱۺǶҪסˡ
Լǿһ㣬ԼȺˣ˫ֻġ
룬ԪĵԼԼʱ򣬴һŴ󻹵Сҩʱڻó
ʵ˺͹۶Ϊصģصˣ̧ͷȥϿȵѷֻģģһߣ²мǧף˸ߴǲܵġ
СкܺõЧҩֿˣڴҩѾܹκԼ޲ˣǻԪȴ̰ҩó
޲һΣյĸϻһʧȥԼԼҪٽС
ԪоڵڽʹǸ޲ҲԼǿȥȻɱԼˡ
޲Ǳ߿˼һ˿Ѫ˳
ŮʩԹޣҶ˶ѾյأҪѴ˽٣ƶɮǳˣѣŮʩഺ٣ʹɽȣƶɮĲ̡
УŻң̲
ӷ£һͬ˴ɽȣƶͣѶɣʹҶ˻ָṦҲ޷ȥŮʩⱩʬҰպʬĳУδȫãѾĿȫǣ⻨òΪӳ֮˵Ⱦʵǡ
ˣ
޲ԽɫԽ԰ף޷ܻԪĿֲ󣬿ڴ˻ԪĻ
Ȼٰ㲻ԸҲòϣûⷢеĻܿܳΪʵ
УҲвңˣҲһҾͲǳ˾Ͳ
Ԫ΢΢һЦƶɮϰأְ֪֮ѣǲܹ˴˹أôƶɮĽȥ߳Ƥңݼҷ𡣡
ķǣ
޲¶ڻԪĻмһˣ²жռϷ磬ֻԹصѣл֮ˡ
ԪʱӻһСС˵ҩƶɮһλʩֽѣºƶɮѾƶɮЯ꣬ʹãʹô˵ƶɮоŲոԭϣ뿪˹ȡ
޲¿ŻԪĵҩһĨɣֵͷǲ֪ⵤҩ˷ֿõģ
ֿҩԱʧһ˶Ȳˡ
޲ȻȻԪеҩȴҲ˼ҪϾղŻǴĵˣôƤȥҪ
ȻûҪԪȴԥؽСӵ޲Ǳߡ
޲Ŀ֮зһ˿ȣԥһ£ŬֽߵС
ĸң㲻ǳԿˣ
ԪЦҡҡͷ㻳ƶɮ¼ġɻġģƽෳգƶɮЩҩ͸㣬ϲġġģȡֽ֮һ˭ˣ˭׬أ
޲ѵõûзǽҩò
˵ԪҲ˵ǻر۾ȻһȲܶˣɾͣ
˲֪ã޲ٴοˣУ㽫ҩңǲǾ޷뿪ˣ
ԪҲ۾ЩصŮʩôԣȻƶɮҩ㣬ǱģƶɮŮʩعһ
޲΢΢ЩȻֵһָˣҪȥɱ㣬㵱Σ
ɱƶɮƶɮҲѡһײȻǳƶɮ⣬ȴ⣬עƶɮҪܴһѣƶɮ޻˵
޲ǵ˵ͷУȥɽʱΨһһûм˵İɣ
Ԫͷǡ
е˶ϵһҪԸʥ̣Ϊεأ㲻ϣЩ˲Źġ
ʥƶɮ޳ԹƶɮΪҪԸʥ̣
Ԫ淴һ䣬޲Щƿԣѵ˶Ըʥ̵˲쾭ôҪʸΪʲô
㲻ħ𣿡
ħߣħҲָԻ˵ĶҲν֮ɱߣɱ˵ķħʱ̻Ŷƶɮʥ֮˺ħк֮ʴħһ˵ƶɮaͬ
ôΪ
ȻƶɮλѣҲǽˡ
˭

޲¾һ£ʶ
֮ļᶨסɽ£ÿǰݷ峿ƻ飬ƶɮԺ档
ǰЩʱգ˵ǸѾ˻ԼȥһʲôˣĪǾȥԺ
ǣλʩѾԭ뿪Ҳ뿪ˡ
޲°û˵̾һҴ𣿡
£޶ԴŮʩ𡣡
ֻʣһߵգ޲ü֮価ɫУ뿪ƴҲ㡣
˵Ժ޲¾Ҫҩ̷
ţԪͻȻڡ
޲ɻؿŻԪ棬ΪҪڡ
ƻԪЩ˼صŵҩƶɮ꣬մЩˮҳˣŮʩȲһΪá
Ŵ˻޲ɫ˲ףŵҩҲ֪òˡ


112 ͵,
Ԫһ޲µĻ֤ʵһ顣
Ǳġ
޲Ӳ˵ӣǰʮףһСϪֻвһ׿޲½ǿŵҩϴϴֲŪ˺ð죬㽫ҩ¡
ɱԼûˣȻôԶ
̷ҩʱ򣬻ԪҲĵһöС
֮޲¾ԶϢҩ
ԪҲץʱҩõʱŮתԼȴûеֿ֮
һҹ޻峿
Ͽ֮ûֻܸ߸ߵؿϷһߵա
ԪйϣҩգѾת
۾ʱ޲»Ǳˣ˱Լ΢һЩ
˺ת˾ͲʲôˣԪ汾ΪԼȶˣڿûѣֻײıȽϺݡ
ֽҩóϣԼѾǿƶˡ
ֽҩƹ۴˫ԪƣգԼ˾ȫת
ȵæˣ޲Ҳ۾
ɫϣԪܿ޲µҲõòˡ
ֻ˱ԼһЩƶҲˡ
޲۾Сӳ鶯£ŵ˽ҩζ
Уҩ𣿡
Ԫֱӽһҩݸ޲£ƶɮҩֻ˺ת²ʹõģԲûóŮʩĪ֡
ʱ޲Ҳʲôˣֱùҩϡ
˶ҩʱҲܶˣ㿴ңҿ㣬ǳġ
֮ǰǴĵˣȴͻȻΪ˫˫֮ˣɫתе죬ʹǻԪԸûȫӦ
˴Լһʱˣ޲¾ʮֵģԻԪУôʶģ
޲еؽзԪ⣬ô˷ôʱˣʲôüƽϣʲô鲻ںԪǳЦЦǣְݷƶɮΪ󣬽˶ѡ
㻹Ϊǽѣ
ǱԪһײĺˣ޲¶ӡһֱ̫á
ҷȱܷ𷨶Ϊǽѵġ
޲תͷŻԪ棺УΪǽҪкܸߵѧģССͣʲô£
ƶɮСſΪ˽һ
ǺãҲһЩŵ飬ҽɡ
Ůʩ޷
޲µתתȻ˵меأ
Ԫ治ȻʧЦԭκʱλ涼Ǵڵģ޲ŮħҲǸ汦
⣬ֻԼܽˡ
һ£Ԫʵĺã˭ȷʵֵȶƶɮΪм
޲ҡҡͷ԰ɣмĻǴʲôطģ
ǽġ
ʲô˼
һ̣ñյķǱɣȴ죬ԲŬԼ򣬰ա
һ£ԪˮеǱӾ޷Ӧ½ص󺣣ŬԼˮгΡ
޲񣬽һ䣺˵֡
Ůʩ˵üǼֻһֱ׾࣬ٷˣˣر˼ѣҲǼ
޲ֵʵ˵ֻʲôطأ
ǵڶ𣿡
ԪЦˣ޲û˼ϾǷԪ˵ҾҲԣһأôûܳʲôʲôô䣿
ԪʵҲˡ
˲ˣʲô
սۣʵǺӱãֽ֫ţǺӽ֡ңԶĹȥһЩؽˣѧʹùߣѧû𣬹ӱˣĸӱŮˣĺӾͱƯģѿĺӾͱɳªģĺӾǺˣܳң׶ĺӾǻ˽ħͷ
У㡭
޲¿ʼζģԽžԽԾеȻȱ£ŷԼء
ҲŲ˵Ļ˵űߣĶҲܱ˵ɳģҲǺӱãҾòǡ
ԵģʲôʱҲгһ档
ҲŲţ俪ţġ
Ԫ濴Ѿ˱µ޲£Ц俪ŹȻĿĸΪۣ㽫γǴĸ𣿡
ڻԪķ޲ЩԶԡ
Ҳ˱зǼֵֻһѣĶкܶ࣬ȸȸʱ򣬾ġ
˵Ժ޲ؿŻԪ棬Ϊ˴о޻˵ˣôĿȸ㻹˵ɳ
Ԫ΢΢ҡҡͷƶɮ˵κﶼԣ㿴һ棬ȴûпһ档
㵹˵˵ȸкβ
Ԫ¶һ˿Ц⣺ȸɫѤãȷʵǼãҲ濴ѡ
޲һ£ѵȸв濴
濴ȷʵ㵽ȥͻ֣ᷢȸΪ˿ƨȫ¶˳⻹ܽ𣿡
˵޲ҲЩܲˣ˲ú˵ģָŻԪУ˵һ㶼˹ģ
Ԫ룺˹ģɱ˵ʱô˹ģƶɮѾ˹ˣȻֺݶӦûǻƻŮԲŶһ㣬Ҳֻô˵ҵ˵ջˣؼҲ
޲˵꣬Щˣǻ޷Ԫ棬ȷʵˣȸӺ濴ȫЧˡ
ԪֵƶɮΪＫطţͲᱻëȸؾصţĻǷ俪ڴʱĿȸġ
˵Ժ޲㶣ƺӡ
ԪﰵЦͺˣҪƶɮǰצģͲˡ
һŮˣһŮ˵󣬾ǷǳҪģԪԼ۾޲¾ˣǱĬķʽ䰲һ㣬Ůһ㣬ԼҲܺùһ㡣
Ȼ޲û¶װͰ͵ı飬ҲСһЩԻԪʵ˵Ҳ޵
Щˡ
ԪǫĻشһ䣬ٺ޲´
ȻǴŮۺôҲǷɣ񹦴֮ǰŮɫԵһ㣬ʱɮʡñ˷顣
Ԫ治Լ˵޲Ҳ԰һЩ
ƺô˵ҲȻЩôʲţȴŷ
޲ÿԻԪ濴΢תһʱؿڻɻʹ
ŻԪ۾޲ºݺݵصһۣĵؽַǰද
еԴ̫ӲˣһײҲ֪᲻ʲô


113 ɽ
ƶѣûгԵĶûˮȣҹöԷ˯ˣ͵͵Ųһ߽֣ѵӹ졣
޲ǲͣ⣬ͣѯһЩŹֵ⣬ϣܹסԪ档
ϧеı´úܣһȣ޲·Լеÿÿۣʧܸգ޲²òװΡ
ϣ˵ںõòˡ
˺ˣҪȥѰҳ·ˡ
Ѱҳ·Ҳһѵ㣬Ͽ֪Ӧĸߡ
޲Ԫ
޲µУһ𣿡
Ůʩƶɮ˵Ȼص
ʲôûһСϪ۽ӣˮֻҪϪķҵ·ġ
ԪҡҡͷΪϪԭƶɮ򶫣ˮʹ򶫣ֻԽԽ֪ͣʱҵͷȥͻԽԽߣҵϪԴͷʹҵԴͷһֱߴߣȻҲ뿪Ƶ͵Ͽȡ
ʹ޲βԸҲò˵е
קקϵӸ߿£Щ֦һ˵·Щ𣬻ԪɮԼĳׯƵģΪɣЩȻõϣµ߿յ䣬Ҳ̫ء
޲£һѾҪĿ£ˣ֮࣬Ѿ֮ǰŻΣվѩ׽۵ı¶˳Ū޲ֻڻԪĺ档
һΣԪҲʵЩʼ˸ţǸо̫á
룬ɴٴν˳޲µŮʩϰɡ
޲¸мؽӹģϾԼһֱڵģȻһеģǺôڸ
һ޲·ǳȣУôǮġۣô鱦ţĪǽĲɣ
ǷͣŮʩܹʵԵˡ
˭ǺԵ
޲ֹһ䣬ǽӹģ󿴿ҿǽΧϡ
İ޲ںڵĳɢ£¶ǿεĽգĻԪ涼а
Ůȷʵһ־ĶǵźеģҲ֣һƷջĸо
Сͷһģ޲ҲЩ˼¼ӿ죬ŵŵǰȥ
һ˶ЩˣֱʩչṦ˳Ͽһ·ɳۡ
ȻͬԪ˵һԽԽߡ
ϿȵȹһǧףͣͣԼʱѾˡ
ϿҲ𽥵ĿϵϪҲСӡ
޲¿ϣ˷ܣʱػͷһۻԪ棬¶һõЦݡ
ԪҲͦ˵ģϾϿ˺ü죬Ҳ뾡뿪
Դӵȵ֮󣬻ԪϵϽӥˣҲ֪ʲôԭҪ뿪ֻԼҵ·
ԽԽߣоԽԽʱǰһת䣬˹ȥǰȻʡ
һ޴ԲɽȳǰԲǧףܵͱͬһ㣬⻬羵
ǰˮһٲԶ£ɽȵγһ
Χ񣬲ʱܿſʹ֦ͷ
ɽȣɾ
ǡ
ôĸߣôңԶΧһ·
ģģ
޲ҧ촽ҡҡͷٵܽɽȣѰҳ·
ԪҲ߽ɽȣϿȵľͷˡ
ȥһ˼ɾ뿪һ޴ķĹԽ
ϵӥϵ
ɽӳ֮󣬺޲һ·ɱ˽֮Ͽߣ˲ֹҲ֪ʲôطˣͽӥʧȥǺġ
ֻԪ޲³ȵĶ࣬Եļ
ˮ̶ߣԪ
˽ʱ޲»ˣɽѾܱˣûзκο뿪·
У޷뿪Ҫߡ
Ԫ濴޲һۣŮʩǺһֱ£ȻȥɿٲγɵСѾ𽥸ɺԣ֤û󺣣;ʧˣϿҲܿͻߵͷ򶫣ֻҲҲ뿪·
޲º޺޵ضţѵǾͱﲻɣ
δأ£ֻˣֻҪȥ룬վа취ġ
ԪοĻ޲һЩóԼһ˫Ȼ£ʵڲУҾô˽ұڣֻҪŵ㣬ƾǵṦҲδزȥ
ԪЦҡҡͷû˵ʲôг·ŵ㣬ϷŵȴԽԽŪˣ֮޴ҵŵĵطǲʵġ
ұȻҲǸġ
ʱ޷뿪˾ǳһЩҰһ¼ʡ
ѾǺ¶ʱڣɽºܵͣҹѰԪ;ȴһ®ݱܷ纮
ּŪ֦æһ죬һСéݡ
һЩĿݲڵϣéŪ׵Ĵ̡
˸һߣԡ
ҹ¹͸éݵĵϣһƬԡ
޲ģһţôҲ޷˯
кòһǱʱ۾
Ҳֹ֪ˮġ
ȻԼǰҲԶģȴһ㣬
ɫ޲¿ŻԪгĻͷ׼ӦҲһӰɡ
ΪʲôҪأ
ã޲޷һĳţڵУйϲ𣿡
Ԫ۾ѯʵĿ⿴޲¡
Ҷѣ֪Ƿܵȥкλ˵أֻǺ棬ǳˣѵûϲ𣿡
ԪĬĬشϱйⱲӡ
Ԫûлش޲ֵһŵˣҲ㣬ƫƫǳˣôѡ񣿡
޲һ汦ѯʱ飬ԪεҡҡͷŮʩԣƶɮҲ֪
Ԫ汻Լסˣ޲¿εС¶һ˿ĵЦݣ°΢΢𣬺һʤƵġ
նڱֵ֣Լüһˡ
ˣ޲˵ҲԻԪУشҾϲˣǳˣˣǻ׺һ𣿻ǼĺУ
ԪεؿЦһ£ˣҷ𣬲׿Ƿ㣬ǣǶУɽֱֿǣ䰲˫ȫ䡣
Ԫĳ޲ԭЦϣĿɡ
У˵ĻԶô


114 ʮ³齱
ԪĻ޲°β
Уȷʵй֮˵꣬ᣬȴƫƫ˵Ķѹ֮Ůá
ǺС
ŻԪ棬޲ֵ޷뿪ɽȣ㵱Σ
޲µ⣬Ԫû׵Ļش
ΪֿܲǲڵģһĳȥԼĻشܾܿͻΪʵһҪؿǡ
ҿ޲µı飬ƺҲӡ
Ҳ·ƶɮڴ˿ɽ·ɽߴԼɣʯڣƶɮһմͨһʯڣʮմͨһɣռɴͨʮɣǧ֮ӦΪŮʩһͨ
޲µЩƮû뵽Ԫ澹ȻĻش
ַ˵򵥣ʵϼѡ
⿪ɽĹ޷رܵģԼıǵɽΡ
㡭ɵҲΪܳɹ
޲ģĵĨһ۾Ҳ֪ΪԼ˻ǱԪĻж

һҹ繳
ˮ̶ϣ޲Լĳ
ŻԪѾϢˣ޲°͵͵ܳϴ衣
ΪŮӣ޷ԼģɽѾʮˡĵܳϴ衣
жϢǽ첻֪ôˣշת࣬ƺʲô¡
޲ѯȴ˵û¡
ֱҹˣŰһЩ޲ΪѾ˯ˡ͵͵˳
ϵײѾ𣬵ԼΨһ·ϴˣھˮ̶ߵһϡ
ϣźеġ
ͷȫſ޲½
µĽ¹ԵЩλã޲ءŵ߽ˮ̶
ʮ¿ȥˣˮ̶ѾůһЩϧҰչ
ĬĬתһڹѾﵽڣҲǷǳη庮䡣
ֱˮؿڣ޲²ͣˮϴԼ塣
ʱˣ֪ǲǻܱǴݵģ
Ӿˡ޲Ҳ뿪ɽȵ뷨еʱһĵغ˼룬ԼһӣѵĲʲô·
ԪéţȴôҲ޷
Ϊҹʮ¶ʮˣɽѾһˣҲûҵȥİ취
ʮ¶ʮˣʮ³齱ˡ
γ齱ԪźܴڴϣܳȡһЩصĶԼ
Լһֱ޷ϢӰ쵽޲¡
֮£Ԫֻװ˯ûװһ޲¾Ȼĵ˳ȥ
ԪҲֻǵȴʱص
ڵҹʱ֣Υϵͳʾ𣺡ʮ³齱ʱ䵽Ƿ̿

еϵͳת̳֡
Ԫһηǳϸع۲ϵͳֵƷһҪҪѡĶӦܶԼаġ
ȿģѡ
ֱƷֹ󽱡ľ󴲡һһչһӣһϸϸ
ԪҪĿ档
ϵͳƷǾƷӹɣȥܳʵ̶ҲûɣӣܶԵɽЩ
ּ򵥵ؿһ书ѡûʲô书ԪɴͽĿ궨档
оһ¾룬Ԫת˹㡣
תƽ
ԪĬĬܳȡԼ뿪˻Լ£̸ʲôư֣ϵͳԶˡ
ƫƫ첻Ը㾹Ȼλãǰˡ
һΣȻ
ͣһ书ؼϵʱ򣬻Ԫŭȭͷһµ档
ղԼѾˣûڹûи߼ѧڻȡ书ʲô
ϵͳ𣺡ʮ³齱ǷȡƷ
ȡ
һ书ؼ˻Ԫϡ
޾ɵһ֮£Ԫ۾һг˼֮顣
Ų
ȻǴŲԼղôûע⵽
ҲǸղŹ⿴ûԼĶˣ书Ҳϣȡڻǽһģһʲôķûȥ
Ųӡ֮еǬŲƣһȴ֮ͬ
ǾĴ߶£ڽŲͬ£ƾŲ߾룬ܼЧ
»ԪΪصģǴŲԼһέɽϣǲܴһЩ漣أ
ҲˣԪ漱æⱾؼѧϰˡ
ԼʱĴŲԪȫˡ
գ߾磬ﵽ˲ʮߵ߾磡
ȳ̶ȣǬŲƶЧѾ޼ˡ
ֻҪһĶԪκηŲ
Ԫʩչһ£̾ʹŲſڣƶûб
˷ܣְһ˼ߵͣôŲ̴ſŲƵʮߴ˼ߵ͡
̫ˣ̫ˣһέɽȫұЩϸ΢ͻڿбֲ䣬ÿʩչһһέɽʩչһδŲƣĿߴɵͱأ
ѧĹ򣬻ԪҲ˷ܣ뽫Ϣ޲¡
ȻǸ޲Լ齱飬ֻ˵Լ֮У񹦣Ҳл뿪ɽˡ
޲²ڣӦ棬ʱԪҲ˶Էϴ裬Ѱ
ܿģԪҵˮ̶ϡ
Ҳ֪ôģͷӦٶˣԪ滹ûʶԷϴ裬
ʱѾҹ޲Ҳϴˡ
ߵƲ֮Уҹɫ谵޲ҲЩƣˡ
Ĳ»ϣҪȥûϣȻȥȡԼ·
һšʪĳһˮ̶ȥ
ǵãǷǸλõģֻ̫ˣɽ汾ͺڣһû¹ǹ⣬壬ֻǰ
ϸ۵Ľˮ޲˶ˮ˳˰ߡ
ԪʱҲԼԱߡ
ıģ鶼棬ֻҹ΢΢¶һ
Ԫ濴
ôģҸô
ԪЩ֣Ķһ¡
۵ѹסĿҹ飬̷ųɫĺ⣬Χľ

ԪͻȻŵˣһѩ׵վھԼ״ҲһԼһľ
һľ󣬶ҸĻԪĶĤ졣
ҹĹâ£ۼףãȻԡ


115 
޲һ֮Щ֪롣
ȻҹĹⲻκξԼ϶ѾǱпˡ
ƽʱЩ˼룬ǱϾֻǺ˼룬޲ûΣһֱδ³ȥͷ
Ůο˿
һ̣Υɱٴδ޲
У
Ǿһ̣鷢ˡ
ǰӰһͻȻʧʮ߿⣡
ɱ˲嵭޲µֻо㵣
ԪܵǰŮ˵ŭ𣬼æʩչŲƿʮߣû뵽Ů˾Ȼˣɹվ￴Լ
ӷƶɮģ
Ԫ潫޲ǱһףŲܳȥԶ
֮һέɽĶṦԪֱܻéݡ
ʧߣһϲû뵽һ˳ԡ
ԪЩʧ䣬޲ºϧúҲԼԵЩʧ䡣
Լʱ޲»˴Ĳ£ŻԪģ߽ڡ
Ԫ棬Щ̣ûԪԼһȥ˯ˡ
ڶ糿ʱ޲ָֻ
֣ܣ¹ȻСŮŤ󣬼ȻѾˣ߷ҲˣԾͲȥ
ԪҲ⣬Ƕ޲µŮʩƶɮҹѾһṦѧƶɮԣܲ뿪ɽ
ԪĻ޲۾һæʵȥԡ
棬һԻһЩұڡ
վұ棬Ԫ׼ʩչṦϡ
ͻȻ޲½ס˻Ԫ档
ԪѯʵĿ⿴ȥ޲½ϵ
һЩļ¶˳޲ûκε˼ĵݸԪ档
Ԫ治ؿ޲£ŮʩΪˣ
޲µ۾Щʪ󣺡㲻ҪṦٺãҲܴһ뿪ɽȣ£ûôĻǻѣȥûõġ
ԪȻʧЦԭ޲ΪԼҪ뿪ˣȴɻ
ҲԼȷʵûһ뿪
ǰһԪվ޲µǰֽĸϣƶɮ֮ûģƶɮǲµģľͷƶɮΪģҲһὫȥġ
Ϊ޲ģԪĴֻһ£һ˲䣬޲µһů
йȻ֮ˣʲôΪҪԼΪԼġ
СĨһ۾޲µ˵ͷȥɡ
Ԫûм˵ʲôתұڣһԾ
ֱɣԪоɴﵽߵ㣬ԼĿǰһέɽܴﵽļˡ
׼һССʯͻ𣬻ԪתӲĺߣһǴͻ𴦡
ż㶯ٴգ
޲̧ͷԽԽߵĻԪ棬ĬĬΪ
ʱţԪ𽥵ؽӽɽ
Ŀݽߵʱ򣬻Ԫץסұˡ
۷һԾϡ
ˣ뿪˵ɽȣ
ǻԪûϢ߷һ£ǶѾһС޲»֣ʨӺһ£Һܿ
⻹ǻԪһν֣޲ػ֣¡
Ԫ΢΢һĬĬĺӥ
ܿģϵ˽ӥ
磬ʹԪҲܺͽӥȡϵڵɽ֮Уȴ޷ϵ
Լ֮ʱýӥһֱԼҸո£ϵ
Ľӥڶʮ֮ҲѰԼ
Ȼӥ֮ܿĶԼɽȵ£ӥֱӷɵɽϿգȻ޷ԼġһõԪĺӥ۵糸߷
ٶ죬ӵʱ䣬ӥѾ˻Ԫͷ¡
Ԫӥָɽȥ޲¡
ӥȥˣԪɽ̽ͷվ޲µ£ڴӥıϣ
ʨӺȷʵĿǰѵͨŷ޲ͷ
ǼֻӥģֹֻӥȺУû뵽ᱻֻӥȡ
޲µǷǳӯģӥɽȣӯľͽ
һֱɽ޲²Ŵӽӥı
֮ԣֻеЦǷݷĵ׵ϲãҲβסġ
Ԫ޲µŮʩʱƶɮȥĳŪһ·㡣
ԪĳƺͻȻת޲ɫһֵʧ䣬ԻԪˣȻҵİ취
ǼȻˣƶɮҪɽȥˡ
޲µ˵ͷϵĽ˻Ԫ档
С
ԪЦˣԼеǰѲˡ
޲¶һ£˴ɽ֮УΪԵʣ뿪սǻ޼Ѿ˺澭ƾ裬طһˣ²һսɣΪպ˻ʥ̴˴εжʵʧˡ
˵Щ޲¶һ˿ɫǻʵбޱĿǽشǾڸһ޼ɶỳģ˵Ҳĸʣʥںϵķֶ棬»Σա
Ԫ˵ͷ޲µķе
ʱ䣬һںϣȷϷֶ
˵ЩԪƺûʲôӦ޲µɫͻȻЩԻԪУǷΡ
λԪɶͷˣʲôǷٴΰ
ԪãȻı飬޲ҧҧ촽ײһΣһΣȻǽŮӣҲǵһⱻ˿֮ǷΣ㶨Ҫҡ
ӷ𣡡
Ԫţ飬ƶɮ⣬ҲŮʩƶɮʵãˮ̶ϣûпʲô
ԪĻ޲۾һæʵû壿
ǵģʱɫ谵ǣֻ֮ϵļҹ鷢⣬Ҷֲƶɮֻǿһѡ
ԪĽͣ޲³һãһԼﻹһЩϾôװ׸пˣҲί
ǾǷһκˣϾ㻹ײǡһֱʹء
Ԫٴζ޲µˣƶɮŮʩƶɮҹһƳŮʩ覣ԲҶûκ֮״ôʹأ
ô۰رۡ޲»˵˰أͻȻɫ࣬Ԫ覣ԲУ㿴ôƭ˵û壡
ԪƿԣﰵԼЦһͿһʱոƲԼͰʯͷ˽ţ˵飬Ƕ֮
޲ºֱ֮ܿǰǸŮħͷŻԪ棬޵ģУ̵ӱ㿴ˣָҴʹסˣû꣬ȵһˣҪȥɽˣ
޲·ȻȥıӰԪﰵʧߣο»ˡ


116 󡹦
Ԫʯͷ˽ţԶʧ˵©죬޲¸ˣ˸ոսùϵ˲͵˱㡣
εҡͷЦԪҲûʲô취ˣ˭˼Ůӵ忴ôˣŹ֡
֮еĽӥλԪҵɽķ
˵ؾɽ̫ԶӽûϾڡ
һλԪӥˣƶ֮ϣľ룬һСʱ͵ˡ
Ԫûֱ䵽ɽϣ˻ýͣѡҰｵ䡣
䵽棬Ԫ氲߽ڡ
һ·֮ϣǿԪ棬׷ʩкԼʧһ£ڵ˲֪µϢϸܵġ
һΣֿջǰԪȥ
Ѿջˣڡ
崿СãԪ滹Ǻкøеģȥɮۣ⿪ӦһСʱ
ڣһڿջ֮УȷʵҲףԪţǲǸһס
˿ջſڣС˻ԪųֺõЦëһ˦ߵ߶˹
ӴӴιɣʲôϸˣ
ԪСӡȽ̣Լʵ˿һͦ˼Сӡ
һϴˡ
ϿῪЦ죬롣ţˣ˼ҼݵЩѼľͲҪˣõ˸ϣ
ԪˣЩθæ˰֣ˣһǸСʦɻס
أˣݶһͳһٷ
Ǻãȥ㲻׼ʲôˡ
ԪԸСͷӦڻԪ˵Ļָʾ
·ɺԼƹͻСҲվڷһߡ
˲Сˣɽȥźˣѧ׳Է
Ԫ˶¥š
˭ѽ

Сʦƶɮһ䡣
洫ŲɿܹŴˣԪ棬¶˿ĵЦݣôˣ
ӷСʦһסĻϰ𣿡
ðɣЩģݮΨһ飬ȥˣҲˣһҲûʲôġ
벻뻻סҸҸ顣
ȥʲôطѽ
ҲһСļͲû¿Ըȥŷ򰡣ɽʲôģ϶һ˴ǿˡ
ۣ֪ˣǲǸƯķ㣬һֻڹ
Ǳңᣬͻ࣬һס
ãھȥ
ĨҲﻵˣȻΪᣬϾǸСһǴУ㲻ãʱԻ׵ģȥǸ飬ǺԼͬյģȻˡ
ܿģʰһСм·һ𾭡
뿪ֿջִȥ
ҶִܽԼҲԪո뿪ջãͻȻ֮еĽӥϢм˽Ҷ
棬ǰһʱ뿪þ
Ԫһݣոջͷˣ϶û£һǻԼ鷳ġ
ҿȥִС·͹·෴ķ򣬲Ȼܿܺ߸ͷ
Լ鷳һΪ˶콣϶ҲҪԼҪҪȥִأ
룬Ԫ滹ǾȽȥ
;黹û꣬ʱʺ֪̫ණڻԪСãӦñĵ
ýӥӾ˵ԪǴȥ˷ִ
һţڹлǻԪ棬β;ˡ
ͨԣԪǼƻ⹷˳Եģû뵽⹷о񣬿ԪжԶܶԶ
Ԫƣǿ׷ȥŵ˼ݡ
ӭԪ浽аϲȻСɲܺԼʲôչỹǺϲ
ԪŸãֵصСУǣ
ĳƺԪҲû취ʼһֱԼСУԼ˷ɣݵλˣҲûıƺ
ֹλСʦ޼ҿɹ飬ƶɮϣʱһΣ֪Ƿи㣿
Ҳۣĺÿɰ
ῴ⽿ӵСãƺԼС꣬ϲ֮飬˹ȥס֡
ǰȥ㣬ɽϼĨᣬоҲͶԵοǱңȻ˼׽ǼʶԪοͽиᣬԼҲԷĻɽˣȵǱ߾˽Ĩ١
Ҷ֮У߽һҿջҲϴΨһûбϳĿջĿջѾȥˣΨٱ˸ϳ
һģˡ
һһλˣһ֮һѱװλƺܲӡ
һλһͷһ¡
ƽݵľãڶ˵ǰƺλߣ˵ҲСĵġ
ڼջҪһЩԵģһ̸
˾֣Źλ˴ϣһҪΪƶᱨ𰡣ɽͽǰǸͺ¿ɽϣƶû˶죬ѣȫ̶λˡ
˾Ǿ˵˾û棺ʦ̫Ϊüţһ֮𣬻ǸˣʲôҪЩ˼꣡
߾֣ŹҲ˵ûҺ˾͵ǰϣɲΪ˸㱨ģǻҪңǵĺʱǶֻģŻڸ㱨ֻ˳֮£ȴڡ
˾˾ʣҲŵϣܶϤóȻУǲ֮١
ЩļԶ˵ǶλֺвƶᣬȥƶĶ챦ƶͽ֮УʱͱˣλѵܶԴӶ𣿡
˾ʺ֣Ź໥һۣͻȻЦ
𿴶˴ЦЩŭӿҪǣ´ʱ綯ˡ
ɫ࣬λƶĻ˺Ц𣿡
ʦ̫ΪҶɵӣŶ죬εȵ磬ҲûҶ˷ɣֺܴ㣬Ҳʡ͵ƣҶ˲Ū״׳֣˵ͽһ£֤ݣҿҲƾİɣ
֣Ź˵ľû˶콣ͺϻѾΪˡ
ۿƺзǰף˾ֽһ㣺ʦ̫ҲļȻ£Ҳ̾ɱɽȥ㻹ǸһȥƿأϾ˴ңֱǳô˻ɣ˵Ļ޼ɾ棬ֻҪɣ֮أɺʮʱôԸǣ˵𡣡
ɫźÿһ㣬˵ӲãƶȥɣǶλ뱣֤֮󣬱֣ƶĶ챦ɱǸƶͺ¿ˣҪȻƶͽ
˾ɷܵص˵ͷǴӦ
𿴶˺ֲ̫⣬æǧ򲻿С£ַ书Ʒڣ⣬﷭
֣ŹЦһһСɣж£˾͵ܵƽɳ㽣ʰˡ
õ֣Ź佱˾ǫİ˰֣˵ƽɳ㽣ȻǱ֮ʦ̫ĶüҲ࣬²ԶԸǸɡ
ȷʵҪСģƶһʱ⣬ãֱ̫Ǹ͵ϮŲˣ˶콣ȻǺбһ㣬˶죬绢ⲻá
˾ʹЦʦ̫ˣȻ˼ɵǸУǾͿ϶ȥµģ˵˵ƽɳ㽣ΣŹı㻹˸񹦣һ쾳磬ǰǲһġ
žؿ֣ŹŹѾ˸󡹦
֣ŹֵЦһ£һӷǰβͻȻһģȻֲ
ɣ
һ죬ջ˶һСֱӴӵ
һϴǸ׵塣
һӦΪĩ
ؿ֣Źڴ󾪣ȹʹԼŶ챦Ҳ֣
ʦ̫ɿˣ󡴵ֻǸ񹦵һʽˣһЧƾַΣܵвɣ


117 չ滮
Ԫص£õ¡صĻӭ
ڶһѱһΧڻԪߣӷɲڣĸҲԲˣҲ˯ˣȭ޾ɣ﷽ڵʱ򲻾ΣɲڣҪˡ
˶˵ˣɨغһɨعһûɨǾԲֵ龰ɼԪ治ڣֵӰж
ΧеΧۣԼ˵ȴԼȨҿûԪޱȵơ
ƶɮֲԲŹˣ
ˣɢɢˣȥøʲôʲôȥһɼǵĹΣòõģһûԣ
ǻȸԾܿˣҪõͷҪõһ
Ԫû޵˶ȥˣֻһһպһ
ԶɨѣɨŵϵĻҶȳȣһ˿̻Ϣǰˡ
ѾĻҶˣڼʮһ£϶ҪˣʱҪɨѩˡ
ԪûȥĵϸֻԼһ֪˵Ƚǲ֪ԪҲ뱻κ֪ڵ壬ȷƽ
һ˵λʦܣ񼴽붬սӦǲᷢˣƶɮƣ촺ܾܿͻб仯ʱһս۽Ұðַ仯ںϣǷ˼֮أʱȥδǿ
һʱ䷽ɲڣ˭ʱǸ
û˾͸Ӳ뵽һ㣬ǻڰ֣ǲܲδȻԣƶɮһֶչ滮
һͷˮʼˣǸչ滮ʲô
ڻԪ˽ͣչ滮ǿܲʵһƻƻֽ궬춼ҪʲôʱڽҪչԽؼңǰЩħ͵Ϯ˵¼Ƕ˵˰ɡ
ƵƵͷѾ䶯˺֣˲֪˲ˡ
˰ɣ˴ڷֱ״̬޼˺澭ͻƵڣѧϰ˺ƣƿ֮£˻ڿ̨û¡
һԪħ͵ϮʧܣսԽתսԷأڵĺϣħ̺γһִƽ⣬ͺһͣûȫտһκ룬ͬһˮ̾ͻµƽǲܳ־õģսļڣȴǽļڡ
һɣǲǿɽۻأ
УڸɽſͷˮȻƺ֮ܵʵأǵʵûκε洦һһȡʤܾܿǾԵʤʱ򣬶ԷʤƸǣǸûлᣬȡʤȥΨһĳ·
Ԫ˵꣬ػһֱۣƵӡ
һЩԥɣ˵òô룿ȫ
飬ѾˣҪ˼棬Ⱥڵ˶жӣ취죬ʵһ¥У˶Ҫ˵˶Ҫ룬һײһӵ飬вͨģ
Ԫ˵꣬жЩðͷҲװ
˵ģԪ֪ЩǰˣʱлظŰĵͣիһǿԽһ
ǲΪЩͲˡ
Ҫᡣ
һʵɣʲô˼
𣬾˶һо취Ȼ֪ͨеĺУôҼоһַʽ
ǲǺβࣿ
Ҳ࣬ȫһǲ֪ڵľѾȵʲô̶ȣҲǣѾ˺ϣҾɽ£ӻֻǴǰģ֣ƶɮжϣǵĿ꣬϶ɣ⣬⼸ɾҪʣ˵λãѾ˼ˡ
ԪԥؽӥϢԼжϣһɹ⻷ضһ㡣
лЩãȻӣԪЩţٵ˼ֻü밡һˣֲǺ£ڣܺǱలûгԵǵʵˣһ˵һùɻ˭
лȻԭˣɹǸհԶ
һջЩƽصʦѵҪȥԮɲɣһ뵽ҪЩţӣͲɽЩ꣬ûǵİۡ
ҲһȥԮ黹д飬һȥŪһ
ڣɡ
Ԫε̾˿ʲô鶼Ҫ˵һУҪһܳĲǺɫģһЩģȻðɫıдϣµһȫ顷ٰҵ޺ĸߴҪһ᳡
һһε˵ͷȻһ䣺һҪú첼𣿻Ҫȥɽ򣬰ײǵУдϺһۡ
ײ֣óǴ㲼أϽȥ
һһ⣬ѵˣͷܶȥ
һʦ֣ȥ׼йļ޺㣬Ȼһξģܿʼᡣ
һǰ֮һûκηԹԵȥˡ
Щ飬Ԫֶһʦܣȥ֪ͨеɮˣһ糽ʱȫ޺üװҪ룬ͳһİɫɮϴɾͷ׼ٵװɮٵʮ飬ɮٵʱ
ǣʦס
һתҪߣͻȻվסˣԻԪɣҪҪ֪ͨһ¡
ˣͲ֪ͨˡ
һߺ󣬻ԪתһȦ˼һ⣬ߵ˻ɨصߡ
㶼˰ɡ
û
ûʲô˵𣿡
ǲͺͻԪ˵ˣԼ֣ǰȲʲôᣬʲôı޹أҾɨسԷˡ
Ԫغһѡ˵طչ¹δǰǲӦýҷĶˡ
һֱɨصĶһͣ٣ԭԼҪˣ˵Ĩǵĸʲô
ҷﴲϷأԼȥðɡ
󣬻شһ䣬ɨȥˡ
Ԫ֣˵仰ˣѽ
һ󺮷紵һƬҶƮ䡣
ϲ֪ʱһ㱡˪
ԪżķĶһĿ
ˣԼϵͳǳĹؼˣħ̷ֶ棬ǿߣ赲ĽŲ


118 ֵһȫ
峿޺ǰͷӿӿɮɮңĶ飬ȴŷɵص
õ֪֮ͨȻǶʲô˼ҲԹԵˣȫǸͷҪΪɺ٣˲ӡ
ͨӵһֱĺһһ
ǼǴ͵ģǻԪƫƫôҪҲ⣬ֻӷɵķԸ
ǵǵ޺õʱȴܵһɳ羴֮⡣
ߵĺվţм߹쵼ɲĴȷʵǲһ
ޡ۽ţˣվ޺ſڣȺ¸߲㵽
һһֱˡ
һ䷽ɫȱģһׯ˷ĵ𾴣ؾһָɽֹĸо
һһպһҲһģǵľֹˣͷɵԶԶ޷Ტۡ
Ԫżˣֱӽ޺ã˰ձ롣
ڣͷڷһӣмӣλڸ̨֮ϡ
̨֮ϣ˴дţµһȫ顣
ԪżʦܣǸ޺㣬ڵҲںʩϣѾ׼õĹ
ڻԪĴ£һһľ
ľˣҲյĲˣͷʽǽʱ䡣
Ԫһֱˣֱ˺ϣԪм䣬һһңһҡ
ʮ޺мĹϣǰڷʮӣֳš
Ԫ£Ϊ޺Ļ޴ͷмϡ
֮˻ţͻ۽ұ˻ͻ档
ֱĵãЩɮǲһһ¡
˶ˣԪһյ˵ͷ
һվ滷һȦ˶鲻Խֱͦӣȴһ˵һҲǺȨģΪΨһҶײɵˣȻѵ⣬˲߱ġ
ӷ𣡡
һնţҲһ䡣
ֵţƶɮһ䷽֮סֱδᡭ
һ˵䣬Щͣ٣æ˼ֽǻԪдĲݸ壬Ƿֹ;ǵġ
ֱδᣬ˴λ飬ҪݣһֶչսԳԶ滮½ʹ׼Χϵдһ
䣬һշһҳȻֶչսԳԶ滮ֵشɽ壬λԽǰһƬãʲ£ׯһ䣬ƹһƾÿǮ
˺óһʱ䣬ֵĻֽ꣬¾ϵ״ͨһ顣
Ϊǰʱ黹Ǯׯֶ·µľòԣ
ķˣҲϣʱ˵ûʲôˮեˡ
ǻԪļƻСõǮĵطкܶ࣬ɮֻܵȭűҪͨϹ򣬽׼һɮӸǿж߱Զսı¡
һ¼ƻʮƥǮһǧ
ɮǷ׷׽ͷӶѵֺлˣ
ЩңԪһһʨӺɮƽ
ΪպеʱӷһЩǰģסԼݣǳˣжҲΪܸȥЩ޹ˣ˭Դȥɽ˼£
ԪһϯЩɮǶԹԵر졣
ȶˣԪʾһռ
¼ƻ޽һɹƥ۵ɽ·Ǯһǧ߰·ͿţƽʱҲͨУʱá
ͲǸʯ̨ˣƽʱϰںɽһмɽͱ߿ɹƥ۵ɽ·ˡ
һЩøֶĿ֮ڶͱ׼
׼ͺɮϢϢˣ涨ǻԪҹƶģɮÿϰϸ׼ﲻĻиĳͷ
ȣȷ˵ȵӵķţֱ
ȷӷźֵĽܹѾ־߹ģһֱֱֱ
ЩӣԪϣڽ궬һ̨ףȵ죬һɮѾɾͣͿµӣ˴ˣγһѭ
ɮǶڷѧоҲǿũУַ¸Ҫȥˣһոµȫ⣬ͻΪ֣ɮֳ飬ÿս˵
ķΧҲҪ󣬲ܾҶͷִĵطЩطѾֵĸݵˣͽռ൱ĸߣûжĿǱˡ
һ䷽ָʾҪ߳ȥҪηѣͨ㲻ʲôͽȫӭµʦǼס·;Զģ첻طأ첻ضûʲô
ϾǺУòʲôǮص磬һḶ́ͽһǧ˵һǧˡ
֮ԪԸӲָ꣬һ鷢һӣիǰÿٵ飬Ӿͻ棬ȫɮ˶˭µ
취һЩƽﰲɮҲĦȭƣ첱ӴֵضŶԷĳԱ޲ھͺͶԷһȣ˭С
Ͱ취ϣһ⣬ֺܱĹϵ
ʵûбҪЩͨɮۣľҪ߲£ԪҪɮǶĹУôҶһ˵ĸоͬͥ
жЧȻɮɮ¶ܸߣҺ˰죬Ҳ˵мĶ
ΪϣܿٵѹɣֳΪɽһɡ
ϾǵУɲĵˣֻҪʤɣôֵطչǱȻġ
ʵҲˣȻַչѸͣǱϾȲɶĵȻϣֵ˲٣ÿɽһɵʱǻ뵽ɣȻ¡
Ĺ۵ͳһˣһղŵڽһһ䷽ΪܽԷԣ
ԪֵĵλǷɣһżᣬľұ˷𷨸۴δʧܣոǿƾ书ĵˣһеһУѾɮڵһ񻰡
еĺУԷΪ֧ȻӦǾ֧ǷɸǲɻȱģǰһʱԪʧ٣е˶оĩҪˣһ磬һε¼ɮǵࡣ
ҪԣǶ˸߲ңڻ޵˵Ĵ£վơ
ԪҲվѹʾɮֹͣơ
Щɮڵӵһ˸߹һˣò
ԪƣϱӿЩ쵼ᣬ쵼һѻȸЩֵӵҲ̫һЩ
ʵΣԪ治òٴʩչʨӺͣ
һµֺǼæֹ֣ͣʲôãɤ̫һЩִ¿Ҳ˾޴


119 ָ
ȵɮǵƽϢԪؿһ
ȣɴһֱȫ壬ڽʱɮǵŬʾ϶µĽ죬ǴҹͬŬĽˣ
žžٴ𣬺Ķӵ׻ھȻǳʵãǳļġ
ЩѪֵɮ£ԪҲĳȣ񽭺ңҰս𣬱ϣɮڣּܶ磬շ𷨣壬־񴫱ķý˽֪֣¸Ϊ
ɮٴҹƣɷȻҽĴԿգǾɮǸ޷ﵽģ󣬶ڽ֮УڽɼܳΪɣ˭ҲԸ⵱Сɡ
ˣĻ͵ֱ£˿Իȥˡ
ɮʩȻ˳ȥȻ
Ԫοص˵ͷķʽȻԼϲȷʵĵá
ȻݱҪɮϢϢأҪ̾ݱɴβͻᣬûûˡ
ԼķϻһЩ涼⡣
ȵͨɮ뿪ˣһֱˣֱһ
£ҪǣʿȥľõĴ£Ұ򡣡
Ϣһ˽Ǿȣһֱˣ֮ǰû˵Ϣ
һһޡ۽ţȫȭͷûûûˣȻֵңξԲܷŹ
ɣʦʦܶսǸã쾳磬ʦžԲ
˵һܶΪһֵĵڶ֣һǷɡ
ʵǲ֪һһǵڶҲɵҲǺԲˡ
Ԫ˰֣ҵõϢ⼸˵ĵһĿ꣬ɣҪƿ֮ȻԸ֣׺ѵĲԣﵽͳһɽĿġ
˲֪ɵϢǴʲôģֻҪǷ˵ãǾͿ϶ˣ˵͵Ϯɣ;Բ͵Ϯķ
һֵʦ˵ɵİǰʱͻˣͨζʽΪ֣Щ֮ˣҲ׵ְɡ
ͻϢһ쳣עΪûͻƣɽĪķ֮⣬һֶ֣һȻȻؽΪ˶֡
ڷɣһ˼ʹͻƵ죬ҲЬ
Ԫ沢֪ͻƵϢΪִʱ򣬰˻ֻһԲʱ޼ɵȶսأ˻ֻҡźķݶû뵽Լɽȵһ£Ȼͻˡ
һԪһЩ뷨˼ʹͻƵ죬ҲǼ˵Ķ֣ѾܾˣȻҲڣʵھ֮ϣһߣѾǳڶˡ
һֹɣǾ㾡ȫ֮Ҳ޷ֿɲΪ˼ҵӥȮˣѾûˡ
ʱһֱĬԵĻ۽ͻȻˣҿ˶뻹ͶЩĿܾӶ࣬Ļֳ֣ɽչ
޷һ䣺²ףȥɣ϶ҪͨģսĻЩˡ
۽ȻӲ
˵ôգ
۽Цһ£벻Ҿ;лᣬǾôҪС
ԪһЦǹǫأܼ򵥣Ǵһٳ֣ˮ֮УȻҪʵ𣬲ȻǲĸԸļµģмյʲô̶ȣһֵоˡ
ɾãֿ֣ܵʲô̶ȣ
ֿʲô̶ȣ棬һ󡹦ߣ񣬸󡹦һ湦ǻ޼ڣʰףɾͰһ죬޷ֿ
˿ˣԪǺܿҪǰɣսһ̶ȵʱ֡
һٴεɲҵɵأ
ԪһͶѯʵĿ⣬һ˵϶к󻰡
ѯʣһյǽղҵûʲô⣬ǽյӣʦΪףɵ˶ǵʿͬҲһֱֲ⣬ҲϲɵţӣóȻգ²ܳɹ˵ìܡ
һ˵꣬˶ƵƵͷǿղҵͿˣ˵ӣ˭ȥǣֵ˶ǣǼˡ
ԪҲǵ⣬ȫ̽ɵĵǲʵģԪ뷨ʱÿڣֻǱʾԼ濼ǵġ
˾ʡ֣Ź;֣һսǿϣʱѾ뿪Ұɶȥ
֣ٶȺܿ죬ʮľʱ͵ˡ
ѾƵʱ֣ɵص۳ǰ
Ϊɽһɣɵص۽ҲС
˵۴ţǹ཭ڶʥڵ֮Уһ
֮е̵ĸɵãдԺᣬĵطʦ
֮ţ˵Ĺ󷽡
Ŵң彣ʿڰأʱĴ
ղͬˣ΢ҲûôˣһЩõСɶضԶ
ɵΣΨ侮ʯԸԼòǿѲӣֹ
ڶԸµ飬ҲʱʵûЩͺ¿ˣԱΪϡ
ɴ⣬ڼʮǱЩŵӸûзǡ
˾ʵŴֻʿǻɱûκ⣬ǻɱĿģĿǱ֤ǲҪصʿǲĵǱ룬СĴɣûҪս
ʿΪǣһһضУôǲ
֣Ź˾һۣҪʦ̫ˡ
ƶγ棿
ʦ̫Ůֻ֮Ҫǰߣʿעֻע㣬ֻҪסƬʱ䣬Һ˾ͿɴӺ͵Ϯһɹ
֣ŹƺԼŮ˵˼ͷޣֻˣζܻͷˣһʱҲ벻õİ취ֻǵ˵ͷ
Ȼ̶þƻ۴ȥ
ʿ˾𣬶оЩȡ
˻һЩģǻûۣô˲˵һܵǲǹ鷳ġ
ǾŮԵû̫ߵľ裬һӺʵվסǸãǸʲôģ
֪ãǸʲôģ⻰˵úû
ţŲǰ߽֣Ź˾ʶӰŵʿ
֮УӥԪ水սӥ죬һޣ۽ˣҲڷٵɽӽС


120 һָ
ؿǰʿȻһ㾯˼ȴû̫õ¶
ֻһʿԾվǰһǾͲˣ
ôƶҰҪģ˴£ǵ𣿡
໥ӣЩԥ
ѯŸʲôʱĵؽˡ
ѾǱλ˾ʺ֣ŹѸٳ֣һһƣڵصʿ˲ɥȪλˡ
ʬӵԶƿɵš
ǰŽȥԪ漸ҲԶ˹Сʿʬ塣
˸廹ȵģһл֤ǻδü֡
޺ܿԪͷ˵ߣҲȥ
Ҳĵ˽ȥ
ԺӣյģԶ෿еƹ⣬ûϨʱ䡣
¹ۿûз־ǼټԪ룬ֱȥ
˿϶ţǵĿǽƿأһֻҪ˻ɱɵϲշͿˡ
ԪҲ뵽㣬û·κֱͣȥ˺˴
˵ľӱ棬һ
Ԫ漸һֱӰǻûпǡ
ʱ򣬲ҶΪԷܿҲĳԷ֣ܾܿͻṦһ
һ˰ҲûҵԷĲ̲֮סԻԪɣҲǡ
ԪһָϷڷ
һ˶һ£ȻûˣǼȻ˵ˣǾӦǴ˵ġ
档
ӻС
ûΪǲҪ棬ҪͷȻͷƣҲá
ǽͷȻٽϣ˶ֻ¶һ˫۾档
Ĵһɫװɮ۶ûдԺͬ飬˭Ҳ޷ֱ⼸ļһǺС
֮󣬻ԪһͲ׼𣿡
һһ˳ǷɸհԶҲ׼ڹȻóˡ
һڵǰ߶˵עǾԲҵ鷳ڵ󣬽׼õͲȫǽںãںԺ̷Ż𣬶һ㣬һ̴ȻȻͶصƫĺ棬ǧܱ˷֣ס𣿡
һ˵ͷ׼õĻ˳
֮ԪֶԻɽͻ۽ǾǱǧҪȵЩʿսˣȵʿѾҪֵסʱȥһҪסǸýˡ
޺ͻ۽ͷӦ
ȻѾǺԲľ磬֣ʤĻȷʵ󣬺ڷɸǵҪֻǲסԷһˣһ㣬˻Щŵġ
ԸˣԪһ˳ȥԺ롣
Ȼɫ谵Ԫ滹һ£ǷǱļλɶͨˣյĴԺͻȻһˣܲǵע⡣
ȫûһ㾴ҵҲǽҲӰҲҲԾôҡڵسԺ룬ɣҲôŵĶûУԺҲûˣǲ֪ʲôֵǮĶûС
˵Ժ˶һȦһȦҿõĶ
ϵһҲ̫ûľ˰ɡ
ƺСĺŸҲ峪ʲô
Ǳƿڻɱ˵ģëһͣҲˣ˶ſڷϣµؿ·ı
˾ʵһСὫɱǾ͵Ȱֵʱ򣬴ӷһ£·лʱɱ
ëһƶɱŵģȴëһ㶫͵ġ
ţţСƺҲеŵС裬һֱû
ҴжСģһֱҲûзʲôĶ
һֱСҲе㲻ͷ
Ҫ˵ͻȻ֣Źӳ鶯£ɻصôһ͵ζ
˾ʺ;ҲŵˣֵʱͻȻ桰顱һ죬ͻȻ𣬲ֱϷ
ˣڷŻ𣡡
ǼӷȥȥҺŻ˵ʱͻȻǰǸëһŻˣд̿ͣ
ͬҹ֮еףԲʮţ˲ɷ
ϵļ˱һСӵ֮ѾԽͨ˵ļޣƺ֣֮Źĸ󡹦ҪһЩ
ͣһ£оˣ̷¡
Ź˾ȥץˣʰСӣ
˵Ǿ𣬼˶ɵӣѾʶëϷԼ˵ע⣬ȻͬзŻʱ䡣
ôһͣдɱİļƻʧˣºܿͻڶӵĿս֮С
֣Ź˾ҰȥϣץǸŻģָоԷŵܣǺץĵˡ
𸩳£һѳı뽫µëնڽ¡
ԼԪﰵãǵոĽѵԶԶţϴζ֣ҲҺΣ컻һýƶɮһмֱ¡
ţԪ汣һ˫ֺʮָͣ
棬ıѾһ磬϶´ƺ뽫ԪһƬ
ӳϿĽȵԪָѾˣǶ
£ԪѾɵˣֻﱣֳָͣ˶ؿӭĳûж˼
µСӣ͸ɣ
ԴӱԪϷŪһΣ˶Ժ󣬾Ըӽӽڷʧߣ磬޲͸źݶѾͳ˸ˡ
ܽǰСǴһ˿ݶЦ⣬ټӼ֣ѾȷСӱɣûᣬ赲ûᣡ
ৣ
źһ£ȴտյһûնκζ
ͣЩǰ㡣
Ǹ侪ģǸëǱ˫ֻۣʳָ£죬ƺҪһָӡ
ӻǸӣǾԼȻѾ˴Լ߰˳ߣ
ɫ˲԰ֽ
ϻļһˣëһ֣ովûпԷô뿪ԭصġ
Լһͣ˥δǶԷֵĺʱﰵвãƴȫسһ̣ԷѾǰ˫ָ¾ҪԼˣ
ȻĽδȫأǱëָڶˡ
һָǣ
ëĿڣһİɫָżĺХֱء


121 
õĳ㼰ʱǧһ֮䣬סǸëһָ
ǹогʱѽƺһϸܵѸӣ֮䣬ƬƬ䵽˵ϡ
Уֻ߬һѡ
Ԫ濴û˽һϲȻûֱӻãһı춼ڽϣʧȥ˽ʵڵ׵ġ
ʱ򣬵ڵĴ߷ɣһӰ¹ڲӦǸո˯
ϸһǰˡ
˳֣ԪһԾ˳ɣʩչŲֱʧ˺ڰ֮С
Ӵޱջ𣬰ҹ˵˷ӣһƼԼصһЩ¶Ҫòˡ
ˣ۾죬Լν
ҲӷΨһ
˳ͣһ֪Ҳһ죬󾪣Ľ˳ȥȻתܡ
ʱ֣Ź˾ҲӺˣûҵŻˡ
һߺܶɵҲ߳˹
ӭ˾ʣ죬ȥɱһ㣬ˡ
˾ʺ;תȥǰҲɵӿԷͻȻ˰֣̾ܣܿͺǰӪԼɵǻ㼯һ
ϣƶ⼸ˣ
֪ƾԼЩץǲˣӮͲ
ǰ֧ԮǷ׷װνžɱȥ
ҲУһͬɱ˹ȥ
һߣ֣ŹҲսǵļƻʧˣȻЩɵصʿδؾֵܵԼˣվҪĽ
ֵսǷǳǿģһѽ飬֣Źûʩչ󡹦ȴɽɵѹŴ
ҿսڵصʿˣϰˣϰٰѽǰ̵ӿΧ֡
滹аǣƣԾʤҲǼ׵顣
һʱͻԪƫˡ
ɣҪô죿
ǴһȿŲٳȥ
ʱѾû˼Ȼˣǰд̵̫ˣǰѾʮʿ˵أȥҲʮˡ
˾Ҳˡ
Ψ֣Źͬһֻȥǰźߣɱصʿ
ɣǻ𣿡
Ԫҡҡͷȵɼ֮ǰǵĳʱ
ԶһǽǣŻ޺ͻ۽ҲڵȴԪֻҪɶ֣ǾͶ֣ɲҲ
ʱƣսԽԽ֣Źȴһ˴ƬƤ⣬ѪֱǸһӱܿˡ
˾ҲǶദ˿ڡ
ߣܼսѾʮˣ˸Ǽ֣ŹһƣͷѶϣսۿˡ
ܼ˺ܴأ֣Ź˾ʵ˿ҲǳĽ£Ⱥ棬ͻȻʹǿУȷʵõֵ
ڱ֣Ź˼򣬰֪ˣȥɱضȫû
ʱм˴Ӱɱ˳
һһĴһһѽ˶ֱɱ˾ʡ
һʹһѵɱ˾
ܵɵʿǿϣ˾ȱˣһֻҪԸǸһȥ߾ˡ
֣ŹһֱĵڷˣǼˣ
Ȼһֱڰпսȵ˫ƣʱ©
֣Źط֣棬ȻûʼǸë
ȻǺ棬ùӵĸߴõýĶһߣʼǸëûùӵĸߣȴ˸ߡ
˵Ǹëڰпӣȴʱ
Լһʱ飬ܿҪԵëˡ
ƣúݵģ
֣ŹзëɣʱƺףǾƾذôãԼ˻ɱɵصʿݺĳһħʿ
֪⼸ˣʵһ⡣
һ뵽ڰпӣ֣Ź֪²Ϊˡ
Ҫǵģˣ
Ǳ˾ʺ;Ѿ˿սʵǿԲһڣϻа죬ڰëԼһѾûơ
֣ŹΪڶ壬Ȼҵȥ
һˣһԾ𣬸񹦴߷£һ·ɱȻɱ߰ʿ
ʿѾˣʣļ˶Ѿû˴ܵ˼׷ĴӴܡ
֣ŹҲЩˣ˾ʺ;ҪսˣǳѾûмֵˣ
ҪһɣΪȰ¡ṩģһս˵ˣӵӣʣһ˻վˡ
ɣûģȻͷĿˡ
˾ʺ;Ҳ볷ˣٴȥ߶ˣ֣Źٻ˳սţ˻һȥ
ĻԪûгԷʧȥֿˣֻսԵ߰ˣӲ׷»Ҫʧ
ˣԪ˳һҲԼߣһߵ˰˵ǰ
ʲôˣ˵ЩɳƣͻȻ˱ʣЩܲˡ
˭ҪҪǣҪȥδӣ
˿ѾյĲķӣԼľûˣֿ˿һصˣЩ˵˶ˣʣһЩ֮˺ʬˡ
ʹ˵ģҲûˡ
˻ƶܲλȥȾЩ˵ˣҵĵҩҵķѾɻˡ
Ԫһʾ⣬һ˹ȥŵСͽҩ˳Щ˵ӾΡ
һĻޱȸжԻԪʩ񣺡λ׳ʿĴƶ׳ʿĿʾˣɶɽ֮գص񱨡
㻹Ҫ𣿡ûԪЩȡ
ǵģȻһЩһЩ˵ܻܾȻȻƶķӻˣЩۻڣɻδֻҪǵ˺ˣһˣܿͻһɡ
Ԫ
Ǳһ˵Ļĵһ£۽˳ȥ
һԶڵĻЩȫˡ
²˴ˣԪҲһ㶣һ۽ˣôˡ
һǰԪǳ֮ˣݻ׵飡
һԻԪɣ㲻ף۽յģֻһЩľܵĵƾɷӰˣһ˶ûС
һĽͣԪ˵ͷţû˵Ļ


122 һ,һ
ʮһµƺûʵʱԶǻ谵ġ
ɽ˵һѩ
Ԫվ¥֮ϣƶײľѩƺĸԶ
ùӣ¥һվ档
ˣ
ǵģʦ֣֪ǵݣ£ҹ뿪ˡ
ţ߾߰ɣƶɮԴҲû̫ϣ
һڻԪߣЩɻʵʦЩ⣬ʦôðأֵ书٣һʦѾͻƵ˺ڣӸмʺõѾﵽ˺ڣһȥУٰܴﵽڣ޺ͻ۽Ҳпܽ죬αطҪأ
Ԫ滺ţŲѩϷ΢ֲȱһսҪӸ˿ŹնԵǰǵĵˣǰһʿҷţһ˱ضһϸߵۣΪУպҲࡣ
ԭʦܽˡ
һ˵ͷ׻Ԫ⡣
ˣߵʱһţ뿴
˵꣬һڻóһţʵһҳֽ۵һ
Ԫӹţߴ򿪱ʣߵʱû˵ʲô
Ҳû˵ֻ࣬˵ǵŵӣ֣Ϊ۱٣գЩ飬Ҳֻ˲ˣߵʱҶûֻ˷ţʦܿһ飬ȴûпдʲô
Ԫͷֽ˿
ּԾ͸ֽдһλ
ɽʮ֣ǣ˼ķؽʳУմɪɪɱУ̲УʹУС
һ״ʣȥЩһĻ䣬дµһʫ
ԪţϿ¿˺þҲûߡ
ЩƵصˣҪôߣҪҲѻ˵ףдôһ׶Ҳ֪ʲô˼
һ̽ŵܾ鲻ãдİɣ㿴Ǿ䣬ɪɪɱѩУ첻ѩ𣬻Ǿ䣬ǣоԼˣͷˣԻؼȥˡ
Ԫ濴һһۣ㻹ʲô⣿
Щ˼ķ˵оԼǰˣԲ˳ˣؽʳУ˵ҪҲسˡ
ⰲմأ
ǰһǻɣ޷ʵ֣ˡ
ɽʮء
Ҳļɽʡʮֳɡ
һţԼЩðΪԼЩͲͨˡ
ԪҡҡͷЩͣǣǿᣬҰ˾Բֻô򵥵ĺ壬ƺʲôûзеĹؼ
ҪҪȥһʸأ
ˣȻߣ߰ɣܶ໰û˵ȻѴӲ˵Ҳʲʲô
ԪţصԼķ䣬оþûнԽԽèץһɴ˳ȥֵȥţûһ˵ʲô˼
Ԫҵ
ڻԪ߶£ҲֻÿţԺΣԻԪдȻ֪һ㣬Ҳֻһ۰צУ˼壬㻹˿ɡ
Ҷҹˣ㾿ʲôˣ
Ż˻Ԫ棬Ȼɨɨѩɨ˼£˵һ䣺ˣҲǸˣĲǰվĽǶ˵ûд
˵ԺһɨѩһԶȥٺͻԪ˵
Ȼ˵ôһ䣬ǻԪûͷֻƵ߿ˡ
ȻͷԪȲȥǻȥͯӹ
Լɽһ£ǱͯӹһϴĽ²ȫȶ˺ڣһоΪȻСԪƣȥ֮ڼɽڣ޺֮Ҳһ֮ھܽڡ
ϵͳѵľͯӹмѭֻҪԼ书㹻ߣӣ÷𷨽壬ôϵͳ£ֳΪµһرѣԼΪϣֻͯӹȴҪͰ࣬һ©ûУһ׵Ŀܶڡ
ղ뿪һֱʮһ³ģ뿪ڣߡ
Ժһܹ֪ͨ˵ڶ⣬ͬǰ񣬽ʱǴ£̨ɽԺ£ݺɽµȵȷͬŶǰҲӵ롣
Ԫ˵ͷӹǰ·ɵзġ
ŵһߣԪǲԶӦǰȥҶǼ֮գá
һ˵ͷǰɣȻ˺սвûˣǽϰӿܶ˶̫֣⣬ҪСİ
ԪЦˣ޷ں֮У֮ܳΪвѾˣһʱ뺦ƶɮҲ㡣
ԪΪû˺ɮ֮⣬ڴûԸԼ΢ӦöԼвˣɮᾭνѵҲࡣ
гӣһҲ
ֵĶȻͲ󣬵۷书ѡû˭УûС
ǷɣʦܿС
ðɣϾһЩ
˼䣬һֵ֪ɿİ˵š
˵á
ҿɶڴ²عһˣǰҲ˵һЩ飬ڳ֮ǰϲװŪŪ飬˵ֱ˵ǹĨǵġ
ʱصţ
Ŷʮ˰ɣĵͲ࣬һ֪һЩ
Ԫ룺֪ǰʲôطʿ
ǰĴˣƶɮ֪硣
΢΢ЩʧԪ֪׼֣
һԴ˰죺ʱ꣬ʵǼǲôġ
ʲôǵ𣿡
񣬺ճ°ɣţӦճ¡
һԪû˵
ʵһ㶼ûв²⣬ֻǺܶණ￴˼ᣬµžͬһ㡣
ԪͻȻоԺһæó˰˵ţϸϸƷ
һҲ˵Աߵš
Լ˰ʱԪͻȻһĴȣãһˣûа׾һΣȻ壡
ɣʲôˣһ̽ʵ
ȷУѾ˾ŲʮˣһȥղӸȲһҪȥһط


123 ɶĲϵͳ
Ԫ޺õɮȥַ۵һ죬һһСӡ
ӺС˭Ҳ֪ʲôԪûиκ˿
֮󣬺ǷַɫأҲ֪ʲô˲Ϣ
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126 
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Ԫ˵ͷⲽ㰸ǰ˿ֵ֮¥ǰ˿ȥķ˿߶Ҳ֪ڸʲô
ɮҲŻԪ棬ϣһ͡
ԼʮӹȥˣԪڿˣɮǰڵλʦ½۳δ͸ʱˣھңǿ㰸֮ϣѾһ㸡ҡ
ɫЩÿԻԪһ䷽ɣǹɮ裬ϴɨ𣿡
ԪҡҡͷԵĪᣬƶɮ룬Ȼ㰸лңôҲӦУƶɮ۲棬ƺеĵطУеĵطûء
˶һæ鿴棬ȻһطȷʵûлҳһС·С·Ȼֱͨ¥ݴ
¥ݴȻ¥ݴҲеĵطûиҡ
ֻۼǳĲۣǻԪѣֻûܷϸ΢״
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ԪĻ˶͵ľ
ѾҪˣʱڣ˽ˣҸݸжϣȥʱԲЩʱȥģôϻӦиҡ
ˣȥáƶɮƲҲǱɣ
Ԫﲻݣ˵Ļ˲Щͷ϶ð亹
˭Ҫʲô


127 Ŵ
һ˵ˣЩϺжЩǡ
ôѧɵĴʦˣֻ򶨣뿴µķɵʦȴȴûм˼
ʦʱҲЩԾϣ²书ˣǴķţôǷأ
ͼıĻʻָ֣ȻԼķѧΪȽţҲﲻ𷨶ʱȥлһˡ
ΧĴʦǶڿԼΪѡ
ƺ޲ߣЩʦְĿͶʦϣλµִʦʲô취
ʦԼˣͷʹԼֻǸУΣյ鲻Ҫòá
ǻ˵ûӣ˼Ƭ̣ͻȻƶɮΪ֮ڣȻнǱУŻ׼ǣﵽҷ徻֮Ŀġ
ɮƵƵͷҲǲɱ˭˵һҾ˳뿪Σ֮ˡ
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һ׷׸ͣǰһ䷽ɵĴĺĳӣʡǺƶɮлصȷʵ
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ЩһһܿͽԪĵλƶˣͺĶˣǶһӱƳ硣
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ӷ𣡡
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У˵ԼѧΪЩס֣óľ˭Ҳ˺
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ɮҲ׷׵ͷǣʾʹУҲ𵽻֮»һ䷽ɡ
ȻλʦԸУƶɮһơ
μƣ

ɮһ໥һۣ׷׸оһƲ߿С
ǱΪ˾ͻȻϮ֮ټ˷֣Ҳͷˣƣ֮·ֻҪסţƾкαҲ޷ˡ
ǼȻˣƶɮȥ٣ɹٲţؾͳ
ɣ
Ԫ˰֣ȻǱδûнӦ֮ˣٶ̫󣬻ǽӦϡ
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Ҳû⣬ʵûӦԾ顣
ԪҲûǱˣԼҲǺòײŷֵģҪǰ˵ǷţԼҲ벻һ㣬ǷţԪ洦Сġ
ҪԼ֣ǾӦѡ벻ĵط
ԼһҲû·ҲֻмϺУûκεֿҲȷֵĵط
ԼṦҲãǴŲҲãڶò̫ʩչԪȷֻҪԼ׶༪ٵġ
룬ԪԵɵɣשʯһĶ
޽ʱ꣬שʯ鵱Ȼ࣬ǶǳɲĵˣȫǷϡ
ҪƷϾУڷ̲ˣЩשʯȫַʩʱȲҪʲô
ЩԣԪ˵˼䣬¶ϲ̵ͷӦ
Ǿͼй䣬ߵһҪÿһ㶼ĥСʱȴ׼ϡ
ͷǣĵغЩϺ˵˼䣬ҶӦ
Щ̸Цʼڵһĥ䡣
ǺУƤӹ򶼲̸۵˸߲ңһ˵̬ʲôԢ⣬һ˵οȼյʱ䳤һ˵ʲô
̸ǻٳһġ
̸̸ûڶߣһжͷһ
СлСűⵣƴשͷ߿飬ȻãҸˣĻʯõԽ࣬Խࡣ
ЩϵͽЩԣǼȻʦ˵ôҲҪӣ׷׿ʼשͷ߿顣
ƽʱǶûô飬ǽ췽׿ڷԸˣ뽫еשʱڰ˹͵ˣһû˸Ҳ
Ҳһʱʱڳӽǧˣﶼשͷ߿һĶϻѻ˺ܶ࣬Ϊڳ޷ȫ
߹ȥһʱǱ߻Ԫ˻ûߵ㣬ڵڶ㵽̨ǰľľ⣬
֪׼ˣѾ˵ÿڸ˷׷תɿ뿪
⣬ǽŹغãȻͽǵλʩһһԡ
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ʩǣߴһõϢǰµڣѾȥˣ¾ͼɱҪΰݵˡ
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ͬһͱȼˣ˲Ⱥ鼤ߣ
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𼱣ЩʢƵĺУϲۣһ켸ҹԲס죬ҪĵصȴϵǸʱ·ӡ
ѵǾͲɱȥ𣿡
޴ȥ棬ɱ˵ʱǵؽܺشȥⶥ̫ߣ˻࣬ǺҲʱ򣬼ʹɻҲҪһʱЩϺеʬ壬ʱ䣬ȥ
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Ҫ̫̰ģؤֶȻǿʤڶ࣬ǵĺܶ飬Ҫȥ̽Ϣ
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ãǧСһЩɱ˷֣ǵҪĿ꣬һܶԸ˵ġ
ģҲӴһӣĴκβҡ
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ɣ뿪£һ£ϣܿЩС
ʧˣһֱ˵ڶ㣬ȻһӰûС
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ʢ˵ϰף⣬˶ҪǶģô˷أ
أһЩõԤУĪǱ˷ˣ
Ҳˣе˷һ㣬ǿһˡ
Źرţ˵ӣ档
ԽزõĸоһжԵõôĹ죬Լ˸㲻ãҪˡ
ȻԼѾСˣؤ˰Լ˴̽Ϣȷҹ˵ʱŽģʱɨȥ˽ӡûºۼ˵Ӧǲᱻֵġ
޾ԣµ龰˵⣬пЩеõϢѾˣͼԼ
æǰȥơ
Щһûƶ
š
͵һͻȻ󿪣
ƿŵһ˲䣬˿һĻһĻĿǰΪֹϹҲԼһ˿


128 ֮յ
ɣ˺ȷǵطɹĶʲô
ҲӦýשʯˣȷе˵ɹһǽ
ǱߵľˣǸһǽ
ɣ˲ðתܣٶ΢һ㣬ʮʯͷȣգ֮ͱש߶档
һı죬Ѹ͵صһȫȻû֮أֻһֻֻ¶棬İЩʯͷϣܴʯͷ

ڳˣԪѾȷ˺ܶ顣
ץס󣬻ԪһֵõϢ֤ʵв²⡣
ѾûȥıҪȻڻмˣЩܲˣǱһ;
ԼѾܵõмֵĶҰµĿҲôϡͿĽˣԼиҪҪ
ȥѰҰˣ֤ʵһЩ顣
Ͱµ˸ǣٴЩʦǰͺ󣬻Ԫ뿪˰¡
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ٽ档һݡרų۲Ҷĵطġ
Ԫʱһ׼·ڷ
ӷ𣬿ϺõĲҶ
аʦʡ
Ӵһ䣬ͻȻһؿŻԪ档
һ䷽ɣôҵƶҵģ
ѾΪ׼װİ˴󾪣㶵ؿһУЩš
ʩɳԣ㲻Ѿƶɮż˵һôʣ
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ŵŵʱдļ京žһоĻ䣬˳ţḻѿôдҲİѾ˵ˣ㿴Լˡ
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һΣԪֱӴһգ֮УǲĿһЩõһЩȡýĻᡣ
ϾھǺܿʱֶһʵͶһݱأ齱ʹʵ취
Լķϵͳ˶Ĳܣк󣬻Ԫ÷ǳĴ̼лᣬһҪִӮĸо


130 ʮһ½Ʒ
Ԫ潫Źرգһ죬׼ٽ롣
ѩ׷ɣȴκ䡣
ȥµ˲⣬棬ûκһܺԼȡ
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书ҲûγϵǵļؼԽȭҲֻǻΨ񹦺ĳ֣ԪȽ⡣
巽棬ǷȱһЩرķҲûУһǧͷʮεĽҲȫ
;
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ʱϵͳʾ𣺡ʮһ³齱ʱ䵽Ƿ̿
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134 Ÿͷצ
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ʮٱؤѧƾƷʵҲϵȡ
ڻ޼ұߵˣһɣˣһۣϵڴƲСӣ˫һʿⴥأ΢΢ر۾
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ȫǷ
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껪޼ɵЩɽľѣɲýˣǸѾ˾ֲѰˡ
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ңɮɳֶԸ⣬ûԳǳ˵ȥˣȥҲԴûаա
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˷ɺ裬Ҫתˣҵͷˡ
ƷɺͣԻԪɣͽаɣһҪղӣСڵǷϹѾؤʽˣͽѵ书˽ҾȻûɣоѧɱؤȥղӸץ
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޲֣ݷȥģôܾܿ·ˣһս
޲µʵ֮ǿԪ֪ģܺ޲´ôãߣ϶Ҳǽĸ֡
ϻƷɺȴ˻治ڣһڡ
£
ƷɺĻԪʶ˾Բ򵥣϶ѧϰĳ书
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צ书ʲôأצ֣צ֣ӥצ
Ʒɺҡҡͷ񶼲ǣʱ޲ºǸŮӶֵĽв٣˵һ书֣֣ͦʲôͷצ
ԪҲˣʲôйͷצ
ûƷɺֻü֣֣ͣмͷצţ߸ǾŸҾˡ
߸ͷצŸͷצʲôְɺ裬ͷ˰ɡ
ٺ٣ɣôһ˵еˣɣӸˣȥŪŸͷȥ
ȥɡ
ƷɺĻԪҲЩˮ磬Ѿ˾ʲôζˣ˵ǲܵģϧΪɣôҲܴͷƻ
ƷɺˣԪ氵̾ϢһСӻͦܳԣŸͷҲ³ţšŸ
Ȼ֮䣬ԪһȣʲôŸͷצѹ޲¾ֶ߳ʤأû뵽ϣȻҲ˻书


135 ʮ̫
ڻƷɺ˵ã˻ŸͷצˣԪܿͷӦþǾ׹צˡ
ѯʲô书Ƚо澭
ȫľ澭ԪᵣģǵǾ׹צҲû̫ϡ
澭׹צֻѧһ֣Ȼǲϣɴ书ɲ޼ɡڤϡɮ˵Ķ֡
޲ڣҲǲܻܴˣֻЩѰˣɱһǧ޲ûǸҪ
ǴͻƵڣ´·ľ޲ˡ
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ȫϺСΪڶʹΪ˸ҲΪԺĴ̵棬ڽٷɽһԺȫĴ󻷾Ǻõġ
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ɽ򣬾һܣʮ
ڹεץ֮Уʮ˸˶˳˻⣬Щ˵Ĺ򶼺ܺá
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ЩȫóҸһĺ
Ϊ֣ܶ߾磬ǽղ֮
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˽ֺͽղ֮⣬ĺҪͷ۹Ŵ򹦵ȵȡ
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˻񹦣Ҫ۹⹦ȭơָϥȵһϵ书
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Զʮһֱεɽ֮УҲûôϰҲǣϾЩ˵ĿڱǺܺõġ
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Щһӣ̸ִİմ˼Ŀֻš
Щ˵ӣͲǰգҲǹٲһɽˡ
Щ˿ɱ䣬һӵҲɱġ
Ƿ׷׽ţҴһڡ
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ôЩ֪Ĺʱ򷢳˽

һȻй̱˹ȥ
ǰַԺһƬӡӡ
϶̿˴ߣ磬Ҳô򣬿ǱߵȦ󣬹Ӧһֵֻʮ˸ˣһһֻ㹻ˡ
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ţȥɣǵãһҪ˼˵ǮģǮġ
϶ͷӦΪɽƶ˼ҳĺӣһһֱúܺãͨҲǡ
ⲻǾĴˣֻԼ׼ˣһҪֵģ˲ˣôҲܹӲˡ


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ϴֵˣúÿʲôأҲˣֻϣֵǽӦܿ뿪¡
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죬ǼԲʮɮжûֵԼֵ֪طΪ
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ԼЮϺΪʣвЩɮˣôδؾûӳȥĻᡣ
ϴ͵شɨغ˹ȥ


137 ϴɻ
˵ʵɨصϺ֣ϴе
ôϣôһϺа·ģϰҲǷǳġ
Юˣϴ治֪ܲʲôЧһֵҪǲˣԼҲԲ˺ģƴһοܲܡ
ţƽɿƶϴʹһǶʳֱϺжȥ
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ǿֱʹɻϴϺקǰͼϺеֱŤԼܿƵһЩ
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Цҵʲô¶Ҳ̫СˣֻҪʦһ仰ˣʳֱ֣֣װͻȥǮϷϡ
Ԫµؿһۣܷ˻棿
⻹ʲôٵģ˵Ҫʲôʳ٣˸ȥ죬ȥװ̣֮ڱ֤͵ɽ¡
صظĵĶ죬ȷʵûѻϡ
ƶɮȴ²ллʩĿˡ
˵Ժ󣬻Ԫ˫ֺʮʩ
ԪزЩðһֲõԤͷ֣æҲë¿ɣɲУˣôܸϷʩ񣬲ʳʲôµġ
ʩƶɮҪʳһ㣬Ǻܶࡣ
Ҫ٣
𽥵ʶԼĻе˵ˣǰСɣƺʨӴ󿪿ڵ˼
ƶɮҪȡס󡢸ȵȣֻ֮ҪܹģҪƶɮҲ̫ʳ۸񣬰гϵļ۸񣬾߰ӵļɣҪྫֻҪܳԣùͺá
塭߰򣡡
زһ£ԻԪɣ֪߰ʳ
ƶɮ֪
ΨֻԪûиæ͵ǿɾͶˣһʳԼ
˵ԼҲǺæֱȻܶ࣬ʮ㹻һʳˣͱ˵߰ˣҲٳҪôʳ³Ե𣿡
ǾһٳʳʩΪƶɮ£Ȼ͵ְɡ
ش󻰳ڣڿˣЩΣͷɣǸҳˣɣ飬Ҫȥ޷оһ£ҲͬˣһٳʳӦҲⲻͬ⣬ôϷʮʳ㿴Σ
ִˣزԾˣȻһںϵĻҲظ͸˻Ԫ棬ǻ޲ںϡ
Ǯ϶ҪϷֶˣԼԾ컸ʳͻ޲뷨زԾ˻Ԫһ¡
˵ط޲²ͬ⣬ôҲǲɱġ
Ȼˣƶɮлʩˡ
˼ǰУؾͲ˵ˣСʱ˵ʱǧĪʲôͲճˡ
һֱ˳ŴԪżʵʩǵķֶڣ
ǳڣǵķֶһҿջʦɡ
ز˵ë¿ǰܣԪ氵Цںš
˴ǶӶŽǣų˳
ԼʮԽԽǻ˫Ľ紦һջڻҰ֮УȥģСĽԶԶȥʮջǰһӭչдšؿջĸ֡
ɣǵĿջλòɡ
صԼҵͷһ·޾ɣԪһεָֻһЩضԻԪ԰ڣؿջȷʵǱؽ磬ߣͽ˳ؽ磬ܵĵشЩ˻
ؿջҲ߻ӵĵط̾ȴûм֪ʵµʥ̺Ϸֶڡ
ԪЦЦûлشſջλǲǾ½̫ԶΪֶ治ʣȴǺܷ㡣
˲߲¿˿ջǰ
˨ĸͷͺǰͣһݡ
شһеջſڵĻƼæӹ˩á
̧ͷ˿ջĴţԪ˵ͷ˵ط˭Ҳ벻ǹ̷ֶڡ
ɣ޷ڵȴĵء
˽˿ջУ຺ڿջһ¥ߺĴԴȣһȥʮˡ
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Щ˿أﶼ¶֮⣬ȴû˴кȻܵġ
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ţ洫޲µɡ
˽ڣ޲ڲԼĽ
Ԫݣ޲µ۾һ£ˣɡ
Ԫ£޲ֵʦԮ֣¸м
ŮʩĪ˵ʵƶɮˣҲġ
ŶɻǣҿҪˡ
Ԫ濴һۣʩ˵˵ɡ
ļζűԹ޲½ԪҪ˵˳
Ϊ޲Ϊ̷϶Ӧʥ̵ΪأδܴӦԪҪ
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С£ܷˣһٳʳʦֺηһҾͰ֣ȥһٳʳ͵ɽȥˣûйʳôС
޲µĻûͣڨڨһߣ룺ȻȻ
֪Ĺϵһ㣬һȻһٳʳһʳô󷽵ͳȥˣ֪أڿɺãǸСɿ϶мԼģѹͶõˡ
˽վӣⲻˣ
ﰵԼĿȴڹ۲ŶˣϣüȥӣҲ԰͵Ĳ²һЩݡ
ʧˣ˼䣬޲¾شԪȥϢȥŸ¹ʳˣȡӴ
Ϊ޲Ҳ֪ǰõϢѾڼ֣˵Ѿ·ˣǾ罫á

ʱ䣬޲ºؿԪ棬ϯУʥ̺ϷֶĶ컸
Ϊչ˻Ԫ棬ٷȫزˡ
˳ԵҲûʲôζ򵥵سһЩ޲ͻȻ컸
컸޲µĻһ£²֪֮У
ߣ
޲ɫ˲ĵͳ컸ҪΪû֪ٸһᣬϸȻһ
컸԰ԥһ£֪ǲǸ̽޲ǲڲԼĻأ
һԥ޲¸оԼܵصսһӣһֱӽ컸շصײ˿ջǽϣ
Ҫ˲֪ǼĪΪ˽ɵĽǮҹĺīīȥ㷽ɣ֮ҹɮȥɱɣϽϱΪʥУѵ㻹֪𣿡
Ԫ֪īɮЩ˭ģԭ컸ҵģ컸ˣɵİˡ
ǰѾ˳컸ҵ˭Ҳ
ۿ컸޲һƻ˴ߣѪԪȰ⼸䣬ͻȻ洫һЦ
޷ôĻȻСŮӾΣ
ͻȻ䣡һƿڵ컸ҽһֻһֻҰ׵ץסͷ
ָ繳ؿס컸컸һ³Ůӻ¶ͷ


142 ׹צץͷ
ŮӳִǰһԾ룬󣬻޼Ҳ˽
滪޼ģֱ滣ߵ֣Ź
ͬʱջ˺ɱŴ飬ӣбħ̷ֶҲ׼Ѿãһâ̵ˡ
ûආҲආԾμBOSSս
Ԫڳ޼ɫһ䡣
ⲻµһ䷽ˣѵϴα޲׷ɱˣȻΪǵϱ
ӷƶɮǷˣˣΪֹˣʩƶɮκһˣƶɮȻˣͱ֤ԲסԷһˣ޷ǡ
ԪѾˣˣ޼ڣԼ򲻹
ǸŮӵľ׹צ׺쳣Լ򲻹
֣Źĸ󡹦Ҳ˲õĹԼͬ򲻹
ԼϵͳȡЩ򣬶ЩƫŵĹһέɽ÷׮ŲʨӺִ䡢ȴƺָսĹ
ԻԪսЩƫŹȴ𵽱Եи𺳵Ч
ȻˣԪ͸ɴ˵ԼˣöԷ͸ǳ
ԪĻ޼Цһ䣬Ϊˣ·㲻ߣͶȻ㹴ħ̺ԣô°ɣ
˵Ժ󡭡޼ɻͷ֣Ź֣֣ûʲô£ˣ
ֶԺŮӵСɱץסǸˣħ̵ķֶʹð뿪ҲС
ǸŮӻСﻹ컸ͷ컸ŵһҶֺڸղû޲µĻԪû˻ˡ
һ޼ҪɱԼ컸ǹѺŮӵ֣ͬʱȥ
ոһСЦһϷҪץ
ڴʱͻȻһ
ƽһķζļȻȫ䱸״̬ҲǱ񼤵
Сһ컸ȻҲͷǣǻǸоһ͵һ壬˻СƿأҪ޲ӡ
ߣ
޼ɵ񣬻ԪԶӰ첻һ̧һɺӿҪ컸һٻɱ

Ԫһ𣬻޼Ȼ׼޴ڵʵᣬ˫˵ֶƫˣȻ컸Ķ˹ȥ
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ʱȹ˻޼ɡ
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һ־ǻײŤˤץͷ۾ղȰ裬ζ˫˫Ӵˤ˳ȥȥսˡ
Сٴκ޲½֣û֣֣ŹͻȻȥ󺰵ʰǸͺ¿ɣŮ˽Ը
޲üһ֣ŹƾҲ䣡
һ˫ʣݺᣬ޲ɱ֣Ź
֣Źڶ壬и󡹦ѧ壬Ҳʵǿˣȴ޲µĶ֡
ХУ֣Ź±޲µĽƣһĿӳ֡
·Ҳˣһ򣬾ͱһˡ
СüŪҪһ֣Ź̲ס𣿡
֣Źæ͵еĲһѺҲУҺŮħͷƴˣ
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΢΢ͷ¹ģƶɮзִ磬λŮʩǡ
޲µһۣҲˣ̽ȥ׷ɱ֣Źˡ
Са֣Ź̾˻ǲеӺţѲĶˣȥûɶµĺԼ
֪֣ŹɶԸ޲ŮħͷҲԸԸǸɣϴ棬ԪƾŪһ֮ʩչȰֶΣõ龰Ǹ֣Ź˾ʶ˵Ӱˡ
ĸ˶ȥˣھʣԪͻСˡ
УǰҾҪȥ㣬ΪֻȥˣΪܽҶ죬û뵽ȴҲҪ˭û취
Ԫ΢΢̧ͷǰĻС
Ůһ£ɫȹϵأڷƤȴ쳣İףĶׯôôһϢ
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˫ֺʮƤ΢գƶɮ޻˵ֻŮʩɱ¾֮Īɱҵ
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ƶɮ˵ղˣǲᶯֵģ˵ŮʩŮʩҪ֣ܶƶɮֱǡ
ԪĻСؾâһвǷ˰ɣȻԼ֣ѵɣ
Ԫһ˵СЩóȻˣСǰͻȻһҪֵĶϣԪıܷӦ
Уľһ㣬ԼвԶ޷Ӧ
УĪҪװŪˣٳְɣŮӣȴҲɱֿ֮ˡ
ƶɮ˵Ůʩֱܳǣƶɮ֪Ǿ׹צ׹צδκεƶɮ
Ԫ˵ţƴĻھ׹צһС
׹צǾ澭°ƪ书ڷ˫ɷ÷ͳõ°ƪƪأнצʹʱָ޼᲻ƣݵԣ紩÷¶ѧ澭ϰ벿Ԫϰڹķƾ⣬Ҵ֪ݵԡǹҪ֮⣬ΪָȥͷǣΪʱˣӲǰϳ书а·ϡ
ľצʵһѧȴڷ˫ɷ̣ˡ
Ԫ濴Сӣе÷ķɣ²⣬ϰľ׹צҲ÷һޡ
Լƾĵһлʲôأ
Ҳ˼ҵĶ֣Ԫ⣬͵ţƶɮΣ
С̽о˫ֺʮһԼȻЩ֪ˡ
ڱԪĸɾģСЦһãȻǱ
˵Ժ󣬻СһԾ˻Ԫߣһ죬ϸָָһ೤˸ĺ⡣
͵ץ£һץ˻ԪĹͷ֮ϡ
У䣬ҲԼֿɣ
˵Ժָ͵طСѾȷһ̣ĺԴϣͻ͸


143 
СȻͬԼ룬һѹֱץԼͷԪǷġ
ץɣʹ
СҲǺָָ͵Ԫͷȥ
ǡǡ꣡

ż죬СϵָӦϣָѪ۵ô
Ҫ֪׹צָѾֶԿ޲µıҲǲ壬뵽һץ֮£ǵδ˵зָֺ۶ϡ
֣Сı˳ȥԶ
㡭ղ֮
Сûܽͷ۷徳磬ָǸϧ˼ҵԴǴ飬֮Уܴﵽ̶ֳȵģӦǴ˵еĽղ֮ˡ
𾪵̶ȣǰĺ΢Ц
ղ֮֮壡
СԼ߶˼䣬ͻȻзһ󾫹ԻԪУǴ֮壡
Ԫûд𻰣룬Լ»пǴ֮壬ϰͯӹйԼѧϰָҲǴѧϰ񹦣ô²Ǵ֮壬Ҳɴ֮ˡ
˼ʱ򣬻СͻȻͳ˹
һοǽԪһ˶ûŮħͷ
֣ҲˣԪʮ˫һ졣
һָ
һɫֱָָСǰ
СҲһ̫ڼǰĺеǲǴ֮壬û뵽ӭԼȴһָ
ִټֵֵԪֱָۡ

Сֱһ𣬱Ԫָˡ
ûԼƣ¶ޱȾϲı顣
ȣ̣ȻȻǴ̫ˣҵ˴֮ˣ
Ԫ濴ǰĻСﲻΪ״񣬴֮ʲôϵ
С͵תֱϸղűԪ˴ػָ
һͻȻ˻Ԫǰ
ɣ㣬һ
Ȼ׻С˼ǻԪ֪µΣǽˣͺãֻҪɱɱľͻصԼó
бзḻ֪ʶѧϰרҵķ𷨣ˣƤϻԪ޾κˣȻ㲻ˣǾͺ˵
ӷŮʩγԣ
ɣǴ֮壬¼ܾҵˣֻģһҪСұʹѾĥʮˡ
ŶǺβʹ
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СĻԪβ⣿ô⣿
ҪƶɮЩܻ𣿿Ц
ǰĻСѾ£Գ֣Ԫ滹ǲܾ̾ڵǲ֪֮ΪΣ
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˵
С԰׵ͻȻһĨΣЩŤصһַ²̫УҪɺСŶȻ򵥣СίʵԸ뷽ɲҪǿС
Ԫﰵ˭ǿˣԸһԸأȻ㣬Ҿˡ
ֱ˵ڶְɡ
ڶַҪÿͨСھڻĴ֮𣬿ƷȻǺڵʵС֪ɶʲôʵķţʵٴﵽڡʵһ¾ܽСڵĴ֮ɾˡ
취УԪͻСǵˣ״ӦҲǲףƶɮЩ˵ӣã޷Ϊˡ
ɣ޷ģСԵȣֻҪ֮ڣʦΪ˼ɡ
Ůʩɱ¾ݣ״̬£֮²Ҳա
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Сͺ޼ɲףʲô˴ҵҲǺģʮĲʹ˸ԭϣʲôҪ
ȥͻȻڴӰһ޼ɱ׵سˡ
СڸʲôĻδУ
޼ɳһСûжԸǸУָѪɴŭøͺ¿Ů
˵껪޼¶첲ӵľҪϣСȴһǰ棺Ǵ֮塣
޼̾ˣСǺС
Ůȥ
Сûÿôڻ޼ǰǲû޼˺Ԫġ
Ϊ޼ɿҲ˺Уղ֮˭Ƶ˵ġ
ʱҲӽһֻ۾èһ
֮ؾͿЦ޼ɣʲôΪϷ۾Ͱ״𣿡
޼ؿڣƥҪǴ۾δӮҡ
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СϣǸŮ֣ɵϻ
Сԥһ£ͷ˻Ԫһۡ
ຣޱߣͷǰسɷŮʩ뻯Ĵ֮Ҫеĳ޺ɱ¾֮¶ݣٺһ
С˵ͷԻ޼ɵŮٲԼ飬Լɡ
ʱ洫һֽУֻ֣Źһ񹦵ھʽȶ٣
ܿµҲ˽һȶܵÿ졣
Щڵ˶֪ս½ˡ
޼бȴû뵽ħַɰæȻɴͷβû֣ȴԼһʧȥ˻Сǿս
һʧ⣬ʧܾ֮еˡ
޲³ִڣһۺûнֱȥ˴֮ħѾھ·磬˾ʡɽľԼ˱Ͼ쾳磬ħܵ
޲³ȥƬ̣ǱߣʹҽУӦ˾ʺɽľġ
ʱ޼֪ȥˡ
һαħ͵Ϯ˵ƾʹǰˣһѾǾ񾡳û뵽شʹȥˣҲֻнɢһ;ˡ
С̫õʧˣ޼Ŀ䣬ԼŮҲû˰֮ġ
Сտڲԡ
޼ɣ군ˣǹԹԵ־ܰɣػʱ򣬻޼Ѿûжٵֿˡ
ٺ١ɱңûôף
޼ĴЦŮ򣬶ǿסģֻܿԼȻǱҵ˵زһգһͳͳɱ⣡
һӣͻȻһѪ𣬻޼ɻΪһӰֱӴ
ҪȴײɣѪ˲ᡣ
ǣʲôħص֮ɫ䣬޼ʩչֶΣƺͷ


144 ڻж
ӷʩˣԪˣ޼ԶݣֻºܿҪɢƶɮ·;ϲΣˡ
޲µ˵ͷվ˿ջſڡ
һϮʥ̷ֶҲʧСҪúһ
һжֵˣвûˣʥںϿԺ޹˼ɵطչ
ǸСѾ𣿡
ǵģҪȥɽʰһЩ﴿֮壬ȷʵҽΣȻƶɮˣԣԽ֮ࡣ
㵹Ǻġ
ƶɮˣҲΪԼһЩ¸ˣνĲġ
޲û˵ԪҲϻ޼ԶݣһѪжѹһʯͷֻ˭Ҳû˵
һԪ̧ͷ˿ջſڵĴ졣
һս̷ֶƴ񣬴Ӵ˺Ծţƶɮջ֣ҲӦøһˡ
ɵ˼Ҫθģ
زףͽſջɡ
޲߶˼䣬ͷԿջڵţҳȥշɴʦ˼Ӵͽſջ

Ԫ죬;У׷ʳĳӡ
˳ӴǰɽѾ࣬һͿԵɽ
Ԫ׷ӣ򵥲鿴һЩʳ
һٳ·һ
ʵʳĲʳǮȻħ򵥣ԪҲνˡ
ЩʳԪǳؿأս죬ôǴ죬ôıͲҪˣǸʱʳͿˡ
ȻһٳƲ٣ǻԪΪ⻹ԶԶ
Ѻʳһֱصɽ¿ٵɽһֱɽµĺǶæ
һٳʳжѻ·Ժĺ档
һ˿Ԫûʲô棬ǶЩʳ档
ɣôʳֽ궬ЩѶȰ
˵ģǻһʮѾõǵͬб£˲ղŸɻʱʮ˸Ҳ
һĻԪͷ˿ʮ˸ˣӻţǸͰЩһأǶѻɽʳƺԼش
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ڴ£Ԫ濴˿ˣλʦܣǲЩʣ
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ǾͺãѾʮ·ݣ컹ĸ»ͻȥʱսܱܿʱҲ󣬶˻ܵսݱǲܲԤƶɮΪЩʳԶԶġ
˶׷׵ͷԪԣôٶʳҲԵꡣ
һʦܣֻжǮ
һʦ֣ʦܣվɣǰЩӣǻнӽʮǮǳǮׯծֶ֮Ĺپǹƥ޽ɽ·Ŷ·ʮͳȥˣֻ
Ԫ˵ͷЩǮڲΪãȫʳֵɮȫɽȥϵչʳսҲʱ
ǵͷӦ
Ԫ룬ЩһҪȥǮׯһߣȡһЩĶڻʳԱʱ֮衣

ԪĽж˳ѾǷԲĵһɣһ䷽ɸͬһ㣬ûΪˡ
˵ģÿǮҲиϰãһյǧǮѾȫǴģˡ
ҰǮ»˻ԪǷǮׯ޼ǿ֧֣һԽ˻Ԫʮİ
޼˵һ䷽ɻҪܹϵǮׯƹͷɼ档
Դ˻Ԫʾ˸л¿ЩǮƺˡ
Ǯ֮µʳչжͿʼˡ
ɮǷ׷׽Լƥ˳ڸ
ӵǷܱ߿ʼһֱ֣ݸεضڣÿسǶֵܿӵӰ
ÿɮһɮһ˫Ĵ󳵣ɮˣƹǮƣɮʳչһ̷֮¡
ԪϵͳȡİֱĳΪɽıϣϲȥɽˣͱȥ֧Ԯ
ϵͳ飬֪İ³˵ʲôҲûԪ潫ȡġ
ЩеҪĿ겻ͨգЩ̻ߴ˼ҡ
ʱЩ󻧼ҵڣʳǶѻɽܶ˶ϣܽʳֵĳʱ
һļһԾƽչʮĵףϲ⡣
չƻеú˳һЩȽ۹ټҲϳ⣬˶Ը⽫ʳȥ
һ죬аʮ೵ʳͻɽ
ڶգʮ峵ʳٴαͻ
չʳĵ죬ӭһС߷壬һʮ೵ʳֱ˻
ԪķԺ棬һ޴ʱֱԲףȫΧɣ˲ϯ
ޱȾ޴֣Ҳһı
չже˵ھյʱٶȲһЩ
ʼ׶ΣչĶǾѾչĲˣԪָղǶҲõʳֻҪܳԵľС
ѾʣˮĻ˳ȥ
ȵԪʮӻʱѾǵʮѮ
չʳж˵硡
ܶ˶֣Ƕʱڣܶ˼ﶼʳ۸϶ͣƫƫʱѡʳǲ档
˵׼Ͷѣڴչ촺ڼȥ
˵ЩվסţڶǵЩģԼֵСķʱڣֶڻʳǴ㵹ûг
ǽʳ⣬߲ԭһöʳļֵ
Ҳе˵ִյӣʳ
˵ûģյӣ齨һŲɣ
ҲһЩʶǵսûʳ
һֱսֶڻ˶ʳѵͲ±Щһ
ȻһЩͽΪһ䷽϶Ҫ²ģЩʳһȼãֻڻ֪ȼ˭
һ˵ǲŵģϾծ̨ʱȥȼ
δ˵Ԫأֱһһ棬ֻʣһһʮʱѡֹͣ
ǰչǧʳǸֿⶼˡ
ɮأЩʳڿʲô˴ͽдô
ԳԹЩʳΪεĻţˣҲˣЩʳûգֻһҲǳԲġ


145 
СĬĬɽɴǰĹ㳡ϡ
Ѿһˣ޼ʧˣ֪ǻɽʮ̫ħ̷ֶһսҲ˴룬Ϣɽ̻ͨɢܴߵĶϯһա
޼ֻŰ£Σͷɢ˿ϼΪػɽˡ
ˣ֮еɽɾʹɢˡ
˵ķֱǸӳףûˣĸҲ˵Ĳˣѱˣ˭ǵʲôء
ٶȱ֮ɽɱٶȸ죬ɽ߸ոյõϢλ֣ݵܲǳ׽ɢӶЩʧصɾ͵ؼˡ
˵ıûκεıʾ˵زѾûһüֵƾˡ
Сصɽʰһ¶ڵˣҲӦýɽɵ鲼һ£ȻϲϾѪڡ
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Լ¥Ҳϴһգ汾ҲûʲôſڿһۣС˳
ɫȹϵأСߵ˴⣬ַſյĵǰ㳡һ̣ͻȻ֪Լڵ塣
ƺԼĴ֮

ԼҪʲô
һϣڶһ˿ã
һ˿ãûСŪӵĽӽһˡ
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һ˿䵽˻СϣȻûڻ
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Լʦһʦģô꣬Լˣʦûκεĸı䡣
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СȵſС죬ϻܿԼʦ˷֡
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ʦҷһɣȻЩңܱһЩ
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Соʦֱ۸ողһ£ɴʧɫʦôˣ
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С죬޷ڣ̫ˣ̫ˣ
ʦʲôվ۷֮һȻĽûܷ֡
ͽܵ𾪣׷Ůḧһ»Сͷֱ䣬ǻСоʦ䡣
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׷Ůӻͷ˿СһЩˣʲôģϵϣʧʧ١
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С
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׷Ů֣ʮָҲǼƤСһĲҰףЩɫ
𣡡
һɰŵı֡
ԽԽ࣬ʼڰ׷ŮӵֱתܿģʼΧѩЩѩڿдʼ׷Ůӵֱ߾ۼγһš
գ
ѩԽתԽ죬֮ɿؾ£Ľ̡
СĿɿڴؿһУֱǲ˼顣
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ʲô棡
ѧ𣿡
ѧʦңôŪģСŰ׷Ůı޵ĽԼϲ书Ȼ׹צҲǻСϲѧϰֹ򣬸оͲŮˡ
׷Ůظһ»СĺڷɵӣѾıˣΪʦĶŰ
ǰʲô

׷Ů΢Цţ˵һ΢顣


146 ϲ
ǵһҵԪ棬ûʾǳ⡣
ϲĽȻԪݲ裬кķǳڡ
ȻôԻԪһףԻԪɣæˣĲҲҲֻ߷һЩ顣
뽲
Ԫ漱æã˵飬һΪ֪ġ
ַӵķϣָûţһԻԪ֪նţǲ֪ҽʲôɡ
ƶɮȷʵ֪
һЩãԭɽѾҲǶˣǿԿ϶һ㣬һһʮˡ
һһʮ꣡
Ԫ澪ȵŴ죬ɵ̬һ̶ûܱס˵ǰԪҲûıʲô
˵ʲôʲôϹǴûļ֪ˣԭ϶һļһڡ
ϣȷûԼ϶һһʮˣ
ġ
Цһ£˿ϣԪȻѾݺ˲裬ɴһڡ
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һЦܼ򵥣ʵض˼įҲرѰ֮Ҫߣյ㣬ȻôˮҲȻһĹڣһ²ԶҲˣżܽӡʲôĶڻĢôܻš
Ԫ滹ʵ֪ʲôĳԵĶ٣йģô飬취ͽˡ
ĽͣԪ⿪ͷһɻ󣬼ǳôȷѾһһʮˣ
Сʱ򣬴ʮһۼ׷ѪħѾڽʧˣ˵Ѿˣ
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һۣһһٶǲףûϵء
˵㲻׾ǲףǱɰӵضڻء
ȻǳϣԼǷɣɵȨһҪάģҺ˵Ҳù˼ʲôһٶϲƤµԺǽ
ȻûˣβŵһЩ飬ڿ˵Ҳա
ԪЦһ£ŮˣҲ𣿡
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Ԫһݣϣ书ǣǳ˿ɱȣӥΪ߿ǵܣûбʶƹȴƶϳˡ
Ҳڴ£书̫ߣûһֱŽɵĿ궢˽ӥϣǾԲʶƵġ
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˵Щֽˮȹ⣺һһ㣬ѧϰ书ٶȣʵǳĵ֪Щʱ򣬸оɵҲ̶ˣǷɾܸĴϲһϦ֮䣬˺ܶණһ㣬ļţȷʵܺͷ湵ͨ
ԪЦЦûнӲ磬ϼ飬ϻ仰һûԼɲϸĹͨ飬Ȼ׼ͱࡣ
Ԫû˵ҷɵĺܶණ棬Ǹľ㣬зɵģǷЩǷ𣿡
ȻֵһУǷġ
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ԭĹ۲죬ƺӣĩһĩɾóöѵɺͷԼÿʲôʱ𣿡
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Լ⣬
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Ԫûĺƽϣë
ԭɽڰʮǰˣʮǰľͽ쾳磬Ϊһĸ֡
Ԫ㣬һһʮ꣬ʮǰĻҲʮͷʮͷ쾳磬ȷʵޱǿˡ
̫¾ͲˣʮǰڽڣҽʶֵĿշɮͿɮǵѬգҾ˽ŵͷʱһ黹ûн
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ԪͷˮҲоеգģô̫ˣû뵽ôǰϼһﻹδʲôУöٶȳأ
Ϊ飬ǽʮߺɽҺͿշɮԼֻҪϲЩˣҾܼ֡
ʮ֣
Ԫû׷ʺ飬ǽ۹䵽ʮϣ˵ʮ֣Ůûйϵأ


147 뾻
Ԫ֪ʮֵ飬ȴûϸ˵ǵ˵˵Ǹ׷Ůӡ
ǵΧ˵ʮ֮һ𣿡
û뵽ȴҡҡͷӦòǡ
ĻԪЩˣǾǣǾͲǣҲˣôӦòһ˵ء
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˵ԪͲ岻ϻֻһｲ
ҹҿǸŮӲδϳģҲ²⣬ʮǰΧ˵Ǹ
˾Ǻˣ书ﵽʲô̶ȣ
ɽ֮ϣΪصĵﲻħ̳ɽɣ⻹СɶɽܴЩ֮Ҳֱͻ׷ŮӣɽĹ֮һ
ʱ䲻ԼʮǰĹֻһûþûӰˣŮӣԺλֻһ˻żֽҲǵΧ˵һλ˽˫ýãϳֵӦǰá
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˵룬ڰΪʲôҪҪʷˡ
Ԫ˺ܾûһȷͷԼ磬ڻû뿪ʡΪΪְŬţʲôʱɽϹϵأ
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ȻˣԭĺܶɻڣԶԼΧҪһʲô̬Χأ
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ʱԪ룬ղܳΪؤϷֶĶôԺԼ£᷽ࡣ
ڿбҪҪˡ

ۿʱ쵽ʮĩˣԪ汾Ūγ齱Ҹʱղȡؤֶλá
ʮ³齱ʱͻȻһԪ档
ƽʱҲ֣Ƕݷ֮ȥģһΣһġ
ˣһСɮ۶ˣһǳؾͨ·
ǰڼСðԪЦˣСʦǴŰ
ǴУ׼·ǰ˵ģҲûУ﷽ɹԼСʦȻɵЩ졣
ɣԺĪҪСʦˡ
ŶΪΣ
𱻻ԪݺݵĽѵһ֮󣬾ҲûжˣĻ˳ˣȴǶüӣôܲСʦأ
ҧҧ촽ԥ˼صʦˡ
ҵˣ
ԪЩţӥȻûдݸԼϢ
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Ԫѹֽӥûз֣ԭǰҹģӥҲһֱܰյģҲҪϢʱġ
ϾʱǽӥϢ֮ʱԲûз֡
ʲô
ʦ˵ˣѾٵζüţʦˣҲܼڶüˣƼȥɽ̤塣
ɽʲôɣ
Ԫ񽭺ɣʵ˽Ĳࡣ
ҪشͻȻ˵ʦãδʽţЩ֪Ҳ࣬ΪΪ𡣡
ƺЩη˵һߣԪ֪ԭ滹ˡ
ΪһɵķɣȻʥ֮һɽ̤嶼֪ǿڵˣҲͬǲ֪ˡ
˵䣬һһµĿӳעŻԪ棬Ŀ֮䣬͸¶һָ߸ϵɫŻԪ棬ͺһֻϡ


148 С
ڣ
Ԫվ֮󣬻ԪҲ뵽Ҫȥĵطˡ
Ⱥիڣڻ׵ĸ귭ʥأû뵽Ҳɡ
Ԫı飬ǸӸɫȻԻԪʦôӴԺ󣬽ΪȺիˣ㲻ȥɧˡ
ȻȻǴȺի
Ԫûмƽӵ̬ȣֻǶô͹ϲˣȻȥ˴ȺիһҪѧģѶ콣ƶɮҲãɡ
¶м֮ɫѶǰģֻصԼУȻġ
ǸҲ˵ͷܺã⻹и˵ӣȻˣǾرԺȥڳݡ
λʩǣ
ԪĿ⿴֪һޱſ˭
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Ԫ޴˸ףȻǾڵˣҲӦǳ𣿡
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Ǳæɣʦֺģʦҽܣ˵ڽϣ쾳Уǰˡ
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ԪЩţ쾳̫ˣкԲƾʲô˾͸˵ں쾳ŵǰ
ǵģʦ˵ʦ˺ϣ޶֣ʹһ쾳磬ҲʦֵĶ֡
ĽܣԽֺ
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Ԫûνĺǿ¶ȻҳǿɼҲǿȥ
Ԫ̬ƺô΢΢һ۾ʵ¶һ˿֪ɵľ絽ʲô̶ȣ
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ĳ۲죬ɵľȷʵߣδ죬ôĳд輸Σ
ӷ𣬳˲¶ݣдƺ岻󡣡
Ԫս޹ЦһȻɲԸ⣬ôˣ³̧ͷ֮գɽۣ֮һᡣҲû೤ʱˣʮ¶ȥμӣʱĳ˺ʹȺիһλʦҲǰпգҲǰȥǹĹС
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ʦã߰ɡ
ˣһͨ磬תк
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뿪£Ԫ漴ͽһ˹ѯӢ۴顣
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Ψһƾ𣿡
ǵģֻҪʮ꣬ʮϵģܲμӡ
һֵĻɽ䣬ܻúεˣڣʮ꣬ѾǷǳѵˣǰȥһͷĪˡ
ԪûлشҲһ죬ֻǿˡ
ǲ֪˴δᣬ֮⣬кν𣿡
˲μӴ˴δᣬҪΪôҲУԾԵòôҪˡ
˵
һάһϡеı¼ף书ؼԼһЩⵤҩʲôģеʱɴǽ
ЩԪȤԼķϵͳһǾƷ񽣷ԼҲãﻹЩȤ
ڻɽȡúóɼôԼպΪһõĿˡ
ҪΪһҪʿʶԼȻ˼Ҷ֪˭ƾʲôΪ
ѯһԪ
ɽᣬҪȥμһβˡ
ղŵǸޣûԪ濴ŲϲֻԼǷɣʺƽʱ֣ܶû˼ˣѹ˺ܾõĻԪ棬һúõͷһ¡
˵쾳޶֣Ǻãʱƶɮͻ죬ô޶֡
֪Ⱥի;ڣ
һ֪˶Щ֣ƽʱֽڽ󣬵ÿƽ֮ʱܻɽ˵ǰȺիͰ׷ѪħЩ𣬵Χ׷ѪħսȺիҲû˲μӣǾô£û˵
˶ʥأ
һһЦȷʵΪʥأֻǾòֽʥû˳ϰˡ
Ԫ˵ͷȺի;ڣԼ֪Ļǲ̫һġ
Щ⣬һҪ뿪ͻȻվסԻԪɣСˣǲ׼һЩʲôҲԵϲһЩ
ҪСˣ
ǰ¶ʮˣҲˣɣҲꡣ
Ǻãȥ׼ɣһĵһ꣬һҪϲһЩôҶɷɡ
һ˵ˣڣ˵ǻ᲻Ծĺ

ԪҲˣԼҪӭԼԽ֮õһˡ
ϾСˣС֮ʮ³ȡȻϾǴ֮꣬ԪڣԪ֮³ȡ
һ¶ʱ䣬Ȼεĳȡᣡ
һ뵽㣬Ԫޱȵ˷ܡ
ŤŤȥģԪ
λᰡ
д󽱣Ȼ󶼶Ĳɹһξܻʮ
һ鲻Уһξ鶼鲻о̫ˡ
ȫǽƵĻԽĿǰĽˣһеʣࡣ
书Ļô¾񹦣֣׽ϴ辭ȵͳͳˣʹԼԭе书ʮҲȡһˡ
Ҫܳȡ°벿ôԼһԾΪˣ
Ҫܳȡ°벿Լαμʲôɽ䣬ֱһһȫȵ̨ȥ
ʲôʲôڣ
ʱһֱɨȺָۣտɴ
ʹܳȡЩôȡʲǫ̂ҲѽԼٴֱӹҾͯӹڣ·Բʮ죬ڣʹɣ֮Ϳһֱңˡ
Щѹֵĸ飬ЩĶӵˣ
޾YY֮УԪӭ賿ʮ㡣


149 Ժڵĳȡ
ۿʱ쵽ʮ㣬Ԫ͵Լûȥ
ڻԪ棬ѾЩäĿˣȥ齱Ͳ
ʵˣԼ磬ǱϵͳѾ
¶ʮС굽һγȡᣬǷȡ
Ԫһûȡ׼һȻȥΪͻȻ뵽СʱûѡȡϵͳԶȡġ
׼뿪վסˡ
֮Щڳȡܳ鵽öԪΪϵͳʹϵͳƴָ߱һļӳɡ
ԼڷԺ֮а
ܼӳɣԺѵûκμӳ
Ͼϵͳ֣ǽзϵͳɣ
Ժʹ÷ϵͳ᲻˼ʮأ
ԽԽеԪɴһҧȥֱԼ棬ԼҪԺڻ᲻ö
ãԪϵͳ档
ףİ𣿡
ԪͻȻ֣ϵͳƺЩ仯ͼΧǶ˺ɫĻߣһдͼΧŪ˱ŴСӣɶѵĽޱʮɫľ۱ȵ껭һĶһϲա
Ǹİˣؿ
Ԫ̵ؿţȷһ飬ϵͳ϶ǹģһйŴס
˺ü黹䷳ϵͳڶʾ¶ʮС굽ȡһγ齱ᣬǷȡ
ѽ¶ȡ
ϵͳתٴγ֣ͬģתҲԺɫΪɫڵͼ
һλԪû˷ʱ䣬̹ۿƷ
б仯б仯
ԪͻȻϲط֣ЩƷȻ˱仯
Ҳ֪İԭ򣬻ڷԺڳȡõЧһɲó齱ϵͳȻһЩı䣡
ȾǽƷһȻʮƷǺཱܶƷ˱仯ˡ
ƽʱԪ涼ȿһģȿӡ
Ϊû̫޶ӣͨѡȥѡмֵĶ
ǽԵĲһˣȣƷ֮УȻֻһһǧİ
֮ڶѡһǧĻƽ
ʮŸѴС飡
ĸһ̵䣡
һʺɺ
ʮʮɫʯ
죬ǹ귢˾޶ĲƸջƶɮ
Ҫָ֪ծۣ֪²ܻ壬Ԫеʱ룬齱ʱɴˡ
ϵͳ࣬һѵãȡʵ˷ѵˡ
һβһˣЩѾˣЩǲƱ
õһֲ̻Σõֱƶ¸ˣ
żȥһҲǾѡ

ͼҲ˾޴ı仯һ飬Ȼ飡
Ժ󣬾ǽơ
۱ýԺؾ
һεĽ棬ԺʮþȻ
Ҫ֪ƽʱԺʮãһͦ׵ģûгֹʱ
޺ʱ䷭þӦǷĦþӦǷԺӦǷıԼķԺ屶
ȡһֵֶһʥأ
ؾͲ˵ˣֵı־֮һµĽ
ԪһֱԲؾɻڳȡôѣѵȡؾԺһշ
ĻԼֱӸһĲ
ÿﶼصЧԪţؾʵҲʲôܣ͵ȴԼȥоˡ
˽ƣǷ̷
顢׹ͷڡͭ󶦡̨
Щ棬֮ͭ⣬ǻԪֱӾõϵģ̨ԪѾˣһ죬ԼĽͿһ졣
ѡħȣɨѣһɫ
󽱣˫
⻹һȻʮ޺󷨣
ӷƶɮеܲˣԪƽ˰죬ȥ书ѡֱǣ޺ȭơǹצ֡շħȦֵһ
ŽĽԪһ޷ֵĸо
ԭȡᰡ
ʱ򣬻Ԫᵽ齱Ĵ̫̫ˣЩöֱۻң
˵ѡʲôãϾܸɮõģ޺ñֺõ˽ã޺÷һٶȣܷͼӰ
ؾ󣬲Ҫ
̨ҪɨѣҪ
˵צ֣޺󡢽շħȦʲôˡ
οд󽱺˫Զѡͺˡ
о˺ܾãԪҲûŪͷûʧģٳȡʱ䶼Ҫˣſֿտһλá
һƬöܶ࣬˫޺󡢽֡ą́Ʒ
Ԫƻȥ󽱣ǴǸλùģΧһ飬ǧӣԪʵǲðǸգվĿ궨ȡʲôԼ׬ˡ
ǼλãԪת˹㡣
ɿس˳ȥԪдʡ
굽űڣ齱ˣɶҪ˲̰ƣԽԽã
߶߶УԽԽ𽥵ѡƬ
ԪѡԼ⣬λʮĸӣϣȡֵģӡʹ鲻֣ҲܳȡԱߵģô
ǹţͻȻһˣˣ
Ǽƻʮĸͼʼתģ͵ط֣ԼȻˣӵʮϿʼġ
һп߲ǸˣǰţһǧӺһ鰤š
ҪҪ
ԪضŹ㣬ϣߵٿһ㣬ԾӺ;顣
СĽƷʵڷ񣬻Ԫ治ϣô˷ѵˡ
ΡΡģ˽ϣڻԪ֮Уǰһ
Ҫͣ
һһͺã
ֻҪǰһ˫ܳ˫ĻôͶĿܺͱо飬ôʹĲˣҲǶһˡ
ԺĸԪ˺ˣǹͬţһǰһȻ䵽˫һˡ
ϵͳʾ𣺡ȡ˫ȡĽƷΪ
Ԫޱȵļ
ûæȡ˫ʵζĲĻᡣ
ڲͣ˸ԪĬĬ㣬˫ǳȡƷģһΣʲôƵأ
ž
һƷѾˡ
Ԫϸһʮ޺󣡡
ϵͳʾ𣺡ȡʮ޺󷨣ǷʹöĲܣ
ŵһƷĳ֣ڶƷѾͣȻǵȴԪһǷĲ֮Żȡġ
Ԫһ£ʮ޺󷨣ԼҪĲһ


150 һ
С˫һȡʮ޺ûԪ淴岻
ʱĲͷϷչУһĶԪ涼һģʮ޺ʵԾϡ
Դӻһź󣬻Ԫţʲôʱʮ޺ʮ˸һ¡
ʮˣСһ𳤴ͨеĹһģʱ۲죬໥֮书Ҳ·ΨһǷȱľǺ
ʮ޺ǣôʮ˾̶ȵ֮ƣӶγһǿս
ĶǺڣһѾһֻ̤쾳磬ʮֵĻԪţʹһҲȥ޻أ
Ҵ˴Ĳմ滹С
ΪѡģĲˣʲôͶʲô͵Ĺôֻпܵõ
һǷħȣһɨѣһɫ
ȻǺʮ޺Ƚǵˡ
룬Ԫɴһҧ˴ζĲ
֮ϵͳʾ𣺡Ĳѷʼȡһ
˫Ĺ
һֹͣˣԪһһ书ؼ޺ȭ
޺ȭֵĻȭ֮һҲΪռ֮ãŵĵӣȭԪѧϰ̴ﵽ۷徳磬ҲһŲ书
ʮ޺֮޺ȭѹϵͳ˵ȡƵĶǺ޺йصģͺϴγȡ˫ʱ򣬳ȡ񹦺ָһ
ϵͳٴ𣺡ȡ޺ȭǷʹöĲܣ
Ԫ濴˿ʣ屾书ؼĲĻ϶ʹ޺ȭؼȥĲʣ֮һˡʣ书ֱǣơǹצ֡շħȦֵһ
Ԫ˾ˣһҪġ
ǹһŹ۷壬ܸıòǷǳʵõˡ
ƺצǷǳǿĽս
ڻԪȱһǿսܣȴȻǷȱһЩ
ָȻվʩչ㣬Ҳܴ
Լ߲֮ٵõһŽսӲ;ס
ڽշħȦ͸˵ˣԺ֮ģҪǻһȫʮ޺һͬշħȦԪ룬ʵ̫̬ˣʮ˸ɵĽշħȦֱͿˡ
ô׬ˣС齱ԲɹˣԺԼҲ˰һˡ
޺עȥĲЩÿһֵõġ
뵽ԪȻصĲ
̿ʣ书ؼϡ
ԪغһһΣֻҪɹͺãɹˣԼ̶ѧʱ䣬е࣬ԼĲˡ
ȺիڡЩȻʱвԼǻԪ治ܲ׼δȻӲʱţбסһ졣
ͷӲǮŲţ书ҲʮİմӮ㣬ǾԶڲ֮ء
ţ˸Ĺֵͣһ
Ԫɫһݺݵڿлһȭ
ڡ
ԼҲ˵һ񹦼ѧ
ǷϵĽ֣
λԪ涼ûж嶼Щ΢΢زεĶĲ̫ģ̫Լ˷ˣڻԪ涼ţԼĳȡ˽֡ȡ˽ֵһ֮󣬾лȡڶȻԶڶ֡
ϵͳʾС齱ǷȡƷ
ȡ
飬˻Ԫηջ
ʮ޺󣬻ԪǴ򿪿˿
Ժ󣬴תΪţΪţα仯Ԫ涼һһģȫ
󷨣ֻ֮ҪǸ߳书ֲ̫̫֮࣬Ǿ޷ȥġ
ҪˣҲҪߣһҪĬΪϲĬ´ת⣬˽ȥ
»һ˵ĹȷʵˣѾʮ޺ˡ
ӴԺֶһŵơ
ʮ޺ؼԪó˵ڶ޺ȭؼ
ⱾȭƼ򵥣ȴ̺ѧԪѧϰⱾؼȻҲ˰Сʱ
ѧȭԪоȺս֮У޺ȭԻڴȴ֮ϣԼ˶Ϊ֮𾪡
ӴԺ󣬽ֶ棬Լһ͵ˡ
ʧȥ޺ȭؼҲһؼ
Ԫû˷κεʱ䣬򿪽ϸĶ
֣˼弴һ֮ӸȫǿԽ빥Ĵ֮һΪĦʦʮأɺ󵶽
书ǻűġ
ǴˣƤǽֲͬҪ߶ģҲԶԶܱȵġ
˹һ̶ȣתʱԶֽӵƾ㵶⽣ӰգֻҪݽߣ㶼ȥӷֺ
ԽĴ֮һȫʮأͿ˵޵ˣֻҪݽߣͲ䡣ڻԪȡһǽֵһǴӵһصصϵͳĽ֣һΪһˣת֮ʱֻҪ쾳Ĺ޷ƻֺ
һ쾳繥Ҳ׽ԪĻȥ飬һԪ氲ĸˡҪܳȡڶѧϰ֮ôڵľ磬ҲӡһڻԪѾˣһʱŽⱾֵһȫ
鱾պã֮ϣԪ濪ʼĬĬת֡
һӣֵسڻԪߡ
Ԫһ־͵ʧˣǻԪ֪ڣԼάת
ٶֿʼظ֣ӹӣģģؿ滹лڡ
˾ѾһдĸоĻԪ棬Ÿ˸оޱȵׯʥ˲Ĥ֮ġ
ҺˣܶԻԪθڡ
Ҳûһ£ֵ
Ԫ΢΢ıԹţýֵʧȴάŽֵת
ֻҪܹάֵĻƾԪԲټϺڵͯӹǺάһġ
һ˻߳Ժʱµ˶˯ˣҲûԼд衣
񹦣ԪôҲ޷Ϣɴýӥ۲ɽΧûʲôĶԼһ
ӥѲһСʹһϢ
ĸôֳˣãĸʵٺʲˣֻǾ»һξ룬ҪƶɮȥǲС
ˣԪãնһέɽʩչҹգɽµķľͷ˹ȥ


151 
ˮиλʦֵĺٱܣܱߵʦ֣˰ɣǸ֣ŹӦû׷
׽ׯҲˣУֻһʱⱻȥˣܿٴҵǵټǱʱ䣬Զľ롣
罣Ҳ֣Źƥ򣬸δ̫̬ʦֵ˶ѾΪ˺Բʦֶ쾳ˣ֣ȻǴ˵Ķ֡
С϶罣ԶҲǰҪ㣬ʲôطˣ
˵ĽŲׯٿһɽ£Ӧ¸ˡ
໥˿еҪȥ¶һ£
аɣϴεǷޣǿǺµǸһжԵģôҵȣ
ߣǸһҲǸھ磬һαֳģֻܴƷѣǰȥɸҲ
罣ЩмȻϴδ̨ܸɽҲڵĻޣʱδԲͲҲ˫˫ﵽ˺Բľ磬ôֺС
ĸһȥֿУôãֶҲȷʵҪϢһˡ
˿ʼ·ǰ
ɽԪɽȥܿľȻ߿ͷ
ֻԪɳۣɽ·ɽ
λôҹģɽɽ̤ѩأ
ԪϿȥ
ֻǲ֮һڰ׶ɫɮ۵аȻƺǲΪһ壡
ϴμеʱƺûֳʡ
ׯǰһҶϵĻԪһ䷽ɣֵ˰£ˣ뵽Ϣһ£֪ܷи㣿
Ԫ΢΢һЦ˰ҹۣгʣɱڣҪв֮£ƶɮݲãλѰȥɡ
罣ǰһһһ䣬ʦֺ˵ȴʶôҪֵóк㲻ɣ
ӷλʩɷˣɱƶɮȰλñӦͷ֮ӣ
˵֮ӡĸֵʱ򣬻Ԫ̺һ˿ʨӺ֮޴ɽȼ𵴣ȥԶ
̾ͱɫһǱǸ֣Źȥ
ͺ¿ƲԳԷƣϣ
ׯٴһεضҲȥ
С׷ڿգﵽ˺ԲȻṦģԾ֦ͷ
Ԫվλһ룬Χľң̶ϱվİѳһָмĻԪ档
У֮ˣʦֵܻǺڵʱ򣬾ô֮ɱ֣ǲҲˣ
ӷ𣡡
ԪţĿ

Զһ֣Ƿ޵ʱ򣬳¶ֺкͼǺŻԪ棬лᱨˣȳֱ֣̻Ԫؿڣͼһ
ԶǺԲԪʵҲǺԲΪͯӹѾһڣﻹºԶԷĽ˹š
ۿѾԼǰԪʩչ÷׮ĶԶһ
ҪַǱ罣ҲһնֱɨԪʡ
ԪԾ𣬶Էһ
ոԾ𣬶ˮ˫սɽֱ£
ͺ¿ͽɣ
Ԫüͷ΢壬⼸˵ȷʵ㹻Ҳ㹻׺ݣԼһɱ£»ҪԿ
ŲתԪӲ޽˵˴Լһߣеһû˺Ԫֺ
䣬Ǳ翴˰ı׽ׯٳˣһֱ̻Ԫĺԡ
һڻԪֵģϢ
ԪоԺ󳤽ȻܶܣˣôӲׯһ

ҹɫг֣лԪĺԣȻһ㶼ûд̽ȥׯٵĳһ
һң󾪵ׯԾ˻ȥ䵽ԭϣЦׯĳ˵ˣеԴӲĺܣһΣûôˣΪһ̴ĺ
ҲǸһڶһ£⳯£룬Ե֮졣
һУ֪˰ɣԹܰɣ
ǳϣʵҲֵ֣ûģ
ڴţӭȥúд㻹лĻᡣ
Ԫһһ˿ΧСڵСҲˣ
󵨣
ڤ粻飡
Ԫ̣罣ǵһ֣Ծ𣬳һ⣬ֱԪ
ƶɮѾùһΣΣƶɮҪˣ
ĽԪһʨӺһĽһ
յԪĶԷĽȻ޺ȭ͵һȭֱؿڣ
ãæӽ񵲡
ǻԪ߲ôõֵģһȭڳϣֻһɴӿվסңµȥ
һȭԪͷҲأŲʩչͻȻʧԭأ䵽ԱߵһϣȻһָ͵ϮĺԶ
Զû뵽Ԫ˲ʧһ̿գԪһָУҽһµȥ
һָԶǱ߲Ծɽһն
һ㿪âԪٱƽȴһһץǰȻھһ£̻ƽڣԶԶıԪ˳ȥ
˲Ƕ̶˲䣬֮Ԫվһ
ʯ֮䣬׽ׯٴնббһֱ̻Ԫʺ
ǴЦׯٵĽٶȼ죬ȻҲñ׵ͷлӣׯĳ˵ʺͲķ
ԪֻһߣׯţʹֹƽҲǶ㲻ȥġ
ʱ漣ˣ
һĨصĽɫͻȻֻԪߣһھ޴ͭӣԡ
ׯٵһֱӴ֮ͭϣȻˡˡһ죬ֱӱЩ֣
ѽãȻǽ֣
ׯҲô죬Ҳǰ׸ģı£Ȼ뵽˽˵еĽֹ
סׯٵһԪҲ˷ܣȻֿ԰ٷ֮ٵķ칥ûôˣȫһҲ޷ƿֵġ
ׯˣѾˣԪʱ۲ԶͻȻſڣףһ
ʺ壬ʧصׯûеֵסһǽߵ˲ǰڣͷѣΣ֪
ӷı;֪ƶɮ򣬻ȥնɲ
Ԫһץסǰׯ٣ֱۼⱬ˲䷢͵һ˦ֱӽׯ˦
һ·֦۶ϵѩ׷ɣׯٵĲҽвϴһһ


152 Ѫħͼ
ׯ˦֮󣬻ԪһԾ£ڰ׶ɫɮƮƮ貨ɮһ㡣
£ԶԪָȫ˹ϣܱƳǹɻȵ
Ԫһȭ£սǿԪѾɥʧ˼Կ
УһԼΧ棬һ޴Ľӽȫ֣ӻڲϵתһ۶оǡ
ɮҪ
ų߶µؿŻԪ棬ͣػ賤в
ĽŲѾڲϵغˡ
忿һϣؿһ߽ĺУǻĲԼǾ޴Ľӣ˾޴ѹԽԽ߼Ҫѹˡ
سɷѾ·ˣ
Ԫ߻ǰﻹڲϸʩѹѾʧȥսһˡ
ֽһܲס˾޴ѹ״һ
һ̣Ѿ˽ҪֻǱܰĳȥ
ǣһײĳлԪĻӺӦϡ
ӷ΢˹ɫû˿ı䡣
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ĳ֮󣬻ԪҲǽȻޱǿǶȷʵСԼĿǰԳõάֽת
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ǱߺԶƲûãָĻѾ·ƤΣҲܲôˣʹ˹
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ԶһҲָǡǰҪӲأǰǸУֻҪ˵ôΪԼİɡ
ʱҲǾϹҾ飬ȫԼ˸ղŵ档
ܿģԪȥԶׯٺͲжҲˣ뵽Ķ֮С
˾ˣоͶԷʵʱ򣬻ܱһЩڣǵ㷢ǰȻһֻϻôͻ׵ɥʧԿ
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Сɫһ䣬ѵҪɱԼˣ
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153 Եֵ
Ԫں֣Źսʵûһա
ʽپҲڸǲ˾ϵĲࡣ
Բڶ壬ûжĿɱԣԷûʲôǿսҲͰˣǸ󡹦֣ŹһڶԿ
ǻԪƣ֣Ź֪Լĵϸ
һֱ֣ŹﶼԻԪкܴη壬ԴӻԪƾձһ֣֮ŹΪп϶Ǿͨġ
书ٺãҲᷨ
κν¹ش֣ŹòӲͷƤһ»ԪǳϾûĽ֣һֵܵһأǻͿԺ̸̸ˡ
֣Źڳһصļƣܴʹ򣬴򲻹ܡ
֣ŹƣԪ΢΢һ
ǻͷСһۣĸˢˢվں棬Ԫͷ¶һǣǿЦݡ
ת֣ŹԪȻִҪ֣ôƶɮҲˣУܽУƶɮ̻ɽ¡
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һͬСɣ֣Źûôģ˱õһĻٴγǰŵæ󳷡
ԪǲǺ󳷣ԼĻֻһΣʨӺͨһ߷˼ȫתɮ۷裬͵ſڣֱӾִĵ֣
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ĿǰΪֹԪֻʹùһֺ͵ڶ֡
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衱ִ֣ľ裬ʹߵҪ󼫸ֻдﵽڣʸʹã󵥿Իɱһǿߡ
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ʹԶԵ֡ȡ֣ǻԪƻҪ֡
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Ը֣Źָֻ֣ǳ䲻⣬ԷôҲ޷ȫԼʨӺ
ѣһ־ͱȻ֮
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154 ͼؤ֮
Ԫû֣ŹС֡
˴ҹ֮ԪüȥƫϢ˳һЩҩԼսʱ⼸˶˵ˣء
СȥƫԪǻصԼķڣϽָ
ִĵĸֻǲʹãԼڹȻһ˰˳ɣǹһôһ¿¾ɢˡ
ĸ־ˣûԪں˸ߵڴ
һֱԪڽָСҲϡ
ûжܵͷǹԹԵ˻Ԫķ䡣
λʩɡ
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ׯٵһˣׯĳ˵ʦɡ
Ԫû˵˫ַϣ۾΢գĳĴӡ
ׯٵģ궡ħҲкֵܶģĪаħ̣ߣϣĴħʱڣҲǾŸˣɮᣬ˫ľ
ǺԶڲľֱǶ誡׻ʥħ׻ħ˵ҲˣϼһͲһɽʮǰһս֮У˶Ѿɥɽˡ
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Ҳ⻹ҽֵ̣ܣ˳ݷ˫Ƕ˵ö洫Ƕ¾ŽԶµľŴ֣ҽ̲书ģֻҽԴӶʧ֮ҲӰ
ֵʧ֮ǰһͼ˿ģһͽͼֳ˾ŷݶȻֱ𽻸˾Ÿ£ǡ磬ǵʦ˵ʱô˵ã
ׯٵҲ˵ѣ˵˵ã˵˿ͼΪŷݸǣÿһ棬ҵһ书ŷݺһһŵͼҵͼעĵص㣬ܵõȫĴС
ͼ˾Ÿ֮󣬶ǲ˽ԽͼϣԼɱ֮ƾ趡ƣĻû˸Υ˾͸Դһ˿ĲͼֱʧԺҲû˸ҽͼϣһֱʮǰɽһս֮У׻ħǶ˵ʬҵˣǲͼȴûҵȻǱˡ
Ԫ۾
ׯټæǰЩʱ򣬽ϳһϢһߣǻ޼ɵĺѣߺþƣҾͨҽһƺֵܼ˵˵޼ˣ޼Ժ֮˵ɽѪħͼѾҵһݣһݣʲôѻС
ׯ˵꣬ԪѾȷʵԣ޼ѪħͼӦˡ
ϴħ̷ֶ棬ѪݣҲõͼ֮ѧϰ书
˵Ϣæ׷ʣǵʱѾˣڶʱʸڷˡ
УѰѪħͼ䣬;֣Ź
Ҳûʲô֣ŹҲǽİ׵û뵽˴ĵܲС˵©죬֣Ź̾˫۷Ź⣬ĵ׷ʣֵܼ˵ȻܽϢй©ִ飬Ҳ֪ˡ
ׯٵؽԪȴһֱ㣬ĹؼһѪħͼ䡣
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˰Ѹ˵˵ˣԻԪֵ˾ʹ˸ˡ

ϾҪˣҼһŵƽʣкڣŮӴ컨ӹúòãӲͦҲҪģǺøӡ
ؤҲˣؤķֶ棬Ҳʣ಻ĸ߲㣬ۼڷֶ֮ڣˡ
λ֮ϣЩĲɡ
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155 ʮ޺ϻ
¿䳡ϣԪڽ̵һʮˡ
ʮ޺󣬻Ԫ汨Լڴһɣµһ֮񹦡
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ҲʮˣһЩϤһʱҲδת
ȻתһЩ貿ֵı仯ûȫա
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ʮ˸ʱ򣬻ԪֵӲòιۣΪʮ޺û¶ȥЩס
ɣҪҪԣһ˸߲ҵкԪ档
ڻһʹԪ湦ٸߣҲȥ󷨻ûôʱһԹһΣһ쾳磬֮ûκεĻ֮׾ٵľͱԼʮ¡
ҷɵĹֻ˵ܸߣʲô̶ȣҲ֪
Ű뿪Ц̬̽ȣһк˻Ԫ档
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ȥͽȥ԰ɣ޷˺ԼģΪֵĴڣһǣûдﵽ쾳֮ˡ
Ԫ治ʹý֣ΪԼȫϤţŶúܡ
ðɣͺ档
ɮһ˦Ԫ
һ໥һۣҲ˵ˣ÷Сǣ󣡡

ʮ޺˲俪ʼתЩͬһؽ߶ۻҡ
ԪŲŲƾα仯Ի󲻵Լע֮Ȼʱڱõġ
۾ͻȻǰԼһȭ
Ԫ͵ػͷһȭ
۾ŵֵסԪĹһߣԪҲû˺۾ţЩʮ̫壬һԪԷʩΪ
ﵽ۷徳޺ȭʩչ˳ںʮ˸տʼ֣Ԫ÷׮飬ŲƵĹ죬ۺ£ɶʮ˵ַ
߲۷徳޺ȭȭȭ⣬á顱죬һʱޱȹ񫡣
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Ԫ֪ˣȥԼҪˡ
͵ʩչһɫӵϣʮιԺӷֺ
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һ˷߷߲ƽصɣˣʹýֵĻû˺㣬ʲôûá
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ûзֱǶһ壬һ壬һ;һ壬ܴﵽһ壬޺ﵽ߾磬ڻ֣
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Ҳܣǲ޺ˣĪҪøԶϰһ˹Ȼرǿ֮УֻҪһԲһں쾳ˮ׼սʤڱ仯ˣ֮κζ˶Ժ˷ʤ
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һ˵ղӣ˵µͽôɻչôһأ
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һ˹Ԫ潫佻һƵƵͷ
ǰװɣһ鲼סԴһʮúõղӣҽ˵סҪ㣬һȡؤʵʿȨŪѪħͼǲڹС
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мǲɴ⣬ûĽʮ󣬲ԵС
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ܿģʮ˸ĺ˴ɽɳ۶¡

һɽԪͨӥ۲ǵж
һؤӣȻǵõ˹洫ܵĻ湻ģ
ͨӥԪ濴һ˸ոճ֣Ǳ׷ɱղӵļؤӣȻ̾͵תͷ˻ȥ
ûֵʲôˣȻܣɼЩСĽʲô̶ȡ
һ˿ղӣ֮ղһһμλʦ塣
׼ҵӣֱֵ˶Ӧýʦ塣
ǻԺôĻԪͲ֪ˣ֮һǷȥ
Ԫţһʮˣ԰ղȡؤȨֻҪؤֶƿԼУôưԺϵĿͲԶˡ
ΨһûԪЩĲµģǹ
нʮƵľѧȻֻҲСҪģѪħͼϵ书ôԻһС
ǼȻѾ齻˻һȥԪҲͲ֣Ī˵Ѫħͼˣǰ׷ѪħԼֻҪѧֵй趼ʶ
Ȼ»ŬͯӹڲҪģֻҪɺڵͯӹԼܺӦܴﵽڶĳ̶ȣʱʩչҲܳ־ãʩչԵĵҲܿ˥ߡ
Ŀ屶ٶȵķԺԪϣڶ¶֮ǰԼͯӹڣȻȥμӻɽ䣬վʹ˺ܶࡣ
ڻԪʱѾܾûжºɽ֮ϣУѾĺ棬΢죬Ȼһ
ֻһȭС滹аѩڣʹ֮еĽӥûз֡


156 Ľ
ɣôҺÿ𣿡
һӣڻԪķԺſ˴һһҡΣȷʵϲ졣
ǲô
ǰ쵱ȻˡСн͵
ԣҪԴ⣬ѵԵòˡ
Ҫˣʮ³齱֮ǴʮԪԴ˷ǳڴҲ
Сбɵ٩һ䣬ͷˡ
֮ǰֹһ䣺ԼԴ˵ˡ
ԪЦ˿Ϊ⣬һիǱȥ
˶æɨͥԺ÷ãоի߸Ȼ졣
ڶѾ׼üĢڵģײڵģʱɹľҲܲһͳڶ
ԪȻ⣬ôزһҪʢһҪ㣬Ҫ㣬ɮ˵Ҫ֤ôҸоԲʹࡣ
һָ߲޺ڻӺī׼дܶΧۡ
ԪԶԶûߣĳǿ顣
ţȻıӰ
ɨѣڻɨѩȻ񹦸Ǵ˿ڱѩпȥӰԵЩϡ
ԪЩ꣬ίˡ
߹ȥ
ҲǻԪ߶СҲ£ߵ˾Լɵʱͣһ£Լ
ǲģĹӽʮڣԻᱻߵŷ֣Ȼˡ
ϡ
ɡ
£㱾ƷΣ
գֱӾܾģǽҲ֪ΪΣ˼һµҲãɨҲûûζġ
Ԫ΢΢Щ죬ȷʵԣãܺԼ˵һЩܵˡ
˻ص˷ԺڣԪóһЩҶ˲ˮá
ϣЩ飬̽̽֡
Ŀ˵ãӰ˷ɡ
޷ô˵£оϡ
Ƿ뽲ɡ
ԪԱƷһڣ֮ҲֻܺȲˣҿȿʲôǲˣ˵Щû
ϣչ̬Σ
Ҳһڣͷǲ١
Ըꡣ
⣬һǿҪ˶þҪˣȻ׼˺ܶʳʱ򲻵ԵĶܽӼ񣬿ǷǷЩʳʱһЩ˵ۺ죬սʱ⼴ƣҲ
Ԫ˵ͷ²٣ƶɮûѡ񡣡
ûм˵⣬ֵڶԽ𣬺ִңҹղѽ̣Ƿŵģղܿؤֶ棬ôħ֮⣬ں޶֣ҿƺгħҲںϵطչȥϵһָտɴ
ȻˣΪγҪ˵أ
չ̫죬עĿܶ཭ɲῴֵͷȻ߾ȫֹɣֵǰ֮·עһ˳
볤ʾ
Ҳûʲô̫ʾģҪһ㣬һҪȫ뿪ֵʱǰЩʱֵ;ڣ¶ͼıΪҪġ
˵Ժֵֿµˣǰ췽Ū޺󣬶һѧ˽֣С꣬ɹȻˣÿںµףһ£ĵĵЩˡ
תԪ漱æ޷ɹƺأҲ֪ΪΣ
֪Ԫתƻ⣬Ҳ˵ƣֻ̾ϢһҲ£ֻǿˣʮǰĴսʱ򣬿ɮҲʱ˼ǸпǧԲɮ
Ԫ£豭£ϣɷʮǰ飬ϸ˵˵أ
ҡҡͷȥˣҲûʲô˵ãֻǸоԿɮǸΡ
Ͽɼǵãħ֮˲μʮǰսģ˭
Ҳûкܶ࣬ݷ˫ûг֣ɮҲֻвˣͱħһս֮ȥˡ
ǲѵأ
룺˴˿ɮֶ䷢ĵʱʮ㹦ĴƣˣİҲһ̴ؿڣпշɮһָҲǰˣǲȴûǵİΧȦɽĺɽȥ
˵ǿܵ˹
ǰ˺ųƲǶǲ̫ŵģһ࣬ģܻûεĺܡ
ǿ׷
ʱ̿շɮչ˿Ķȥ׷˺ɽԺ󣬾ʧȥټôѰҲһӦɽˡ
ɽôͣôصˣȥ
Ҳɣǳ֮ҲòĽ͡
Ԫ˵ͷֶʱڣ
ǵģûжá
ﵽ˺εȾ磿
ʵԪǳ棬ʮǰڣʮȥˣ϶Ҫģǽʲô̶أ
ɲˣĴĳɾ¾ֹڴˣԿɮҲ޷ͻˡ
˵ԪҲòһĽۣǸݹƣӦǴﵽڶĳ̶ȣΪɮĽᣬҲ޷Բľ硣
ڴ£Ԫ÷ǳϧҪܽԲôֲǣϾڽ֪ˣڶ٣ԲߣҲֻеİ׷Ѫħѡ
ԪɫЦ֪ʲôʵɲأԲǳ˿ܴﵽģҪУôҲֻаǰĶԵڽԲ֮ǰѾµһˣˣţʹȥˣҲûܽԲϰ֮һûȥĿܡ
ܰɮǷлԲأ
һ£αɱɮǲˣѾʧʮ꣬ǹͷӶûˣѵĻȥܵظ𲻳ɣ
Ԫû˵㱻ضʮ궼ˣ˼ҺųƲȻȥˡ
糤ˣаսܣ
Ԫһʣû뵽ϾȻֳһ˿Ȼ֮ɫʮˣһֱо˵սؿұ죬ǲӡֻҪԲоĻֻɱȴȫûаա
Ԫ󾪣ԭѾﵽ̶ֳȣ
ҪϸʣͻȻţҴҵ˽ԻԪɣҵĴƺҧˣˣȾɣ
ƾǻţϻһֱɽϣʱںɽɮ˾Կ֪ǻţģҴƴˣҲƣǶϲԪҲ͵ƾƴɽϡ
ôᱻҧأ
ţ˵Ƕ߶ˣҧĴƣ
ɣţû˵ѣȥɣھں첻ˣ
ţ֮䣬ԪҲҴˣæһŴ󻹵ţȥ


157 Ī
ţºŴѾΧ£С
ɹ˶ÿһ·ûԪ˽
ҲڻԪĺһˣֻܼϻǰԼɽʱϻһĵ͵ҩԣ£ֻϻȻҲкøУܶʱ򣬻ὫһЩʳ
ֻϻʳ⶯η˶ҲҲԣŪö쵱ˡ
ԪϻߣͷһȻϻĺȴľ޴ӡڶӦǱˡ
ôߣ
ӡ޴󣬲ͨСߣӦһģ޶ģѩصģôأԪ˼⡣
ҲôˣԪͳ˴󻹵
ƽʱиɮ˵ʲôģǽҩõСʱ򶼼٣ˣҲûҵ˴ⵤҩһһ㣬ʡʡ
û뵽һŴ󻹵Ȼϻϡ
ͻԪ涼ۣܾȻ˻ҲǺ£Ȼţֱӵ˿϶Ҫġ
󻹵ҩˣжֻҪһڣԾܰ
ϻĴ죬һŴ󻹵ιȥָ˿˶أ˽ҩһϻ۾ûʮӾ̧ͷҡҡλεҪվ
ϻûˣҲͷˣţǱϻĴͷ޵ıһһѵġ
ЩԪͲˣĬĬ˼⡣
ҲһصģһԻԪĻȥɨˡ
ΪΣô
ʱֵܳߣԲͨ࣬ϻںɽˣ֤߿϶Ҳںɽ뷽ӦÿɽʲôΪʲô߶ᱻ
˵ԺҪߣͻȻվסˣɣ½ȥɣ
Ԫ澪ȵؿһƽһжĮĵϣΪʲôأ
ȻҪȥԪҲ
ɨȥ˺ɽԪû֣¹һĪĸоһΣƺҪˣ
ʦ㣬£
ˡ
īһŮӺ档
ŮһɫźɫһȦɫ죬еС࣬粻ʳ˼̻ӡ
īһ£ޣüۼһĨ˵ζȻŮӰʳȺǽҲ
ʦǰеˣ
ѽʦ㱾СҲһף꣬ǻ߰ɣʦڵţǵľˣ֮ǰͻزĺˡ
µģʦֻ㿴
Ůӵ˵һ䣬µš
꽫䣬ҲˣֻϡϡļͣڿտĴԺ֮ڡ
վ¥ǰ濴˿¥޽Ĳ
˵ĽǷģ񼣡
¶һ˿Цݣīһۣʦţ
еš
û˵ǻȥ
ʦ㣬㿴ЩˣǹЩľܵǰǲΰݵģô𣿡
ī˿꣬ʦҲ֪ǵҲģô˵Ҳ
ʦ˵һᣬʵǳ⣬Ѿ˷豹ľ磬ĺ֮ڣֻʦȼ磬λҲʦ֮µһˣԼ޷ȵġ
Ȼ˵ЩȴЩˣͷ˿ȴŮӵķ𾪡
ŮСվ̸£һֶ˵˿Ҳ˿Ҳ飬ֻȻɣôôϲ
Ҫ𱸵ĻʱҲ˵ˡ
īһ·ǰУе
ʦ㿴Щŷ棬۾ȴҶڿ˵ΪʲôҪأǲǽĴԿյ𣿡
Ȼʦ÷׿ȷ滹Ҫÿඡ
ǵģþãǾʵʦÿȻ˿Ҳ֮ϵĵˣʲôһֱġ
꣬˵ʦǰ˵˵ˣһǸɣǧҪ˵ǸаŶĺܣǲҪȡˡ
ʦ˻겻ҹͬѵ˵Ϊ±裬˵Ļ˵𣿡
ʦ÷īҲ޻˵ʦþˣƾȻɣȴ˿ûԾأ˵ʲôʲôӿǣ˵ĺ˵ȴǶԵġ
ȻԼԶԣʦõʣֵȻ˾ãһҪ粵ͻ˸оԼȡ֡
īһȡֵŮˣҲɵʦȥˡ
߹Ǳߣ𽥵
ʦ㣬ݷ˸ࡣ
īûлشԶͻȻһ𣺡ӷīղ
лʦػīá
µһ䷽ɣһڰ׶ɫɮۣشԶ
ԪϣȥɽʲôˣǻûȥͷīһŮӽ£Ȼˣ͹
Ȼī컸ԻԪ֣վû˺Լֺûʲô⣬ȻؽϵŪ
īԪ棬ܵľЩΣһʹߴߡ
û뵽ǸȴĿ⾼ؿŻԪ棬ڵµķɣϴʦûκεǸˣ
ƶɮǷɣȴ֪īʩƶɮΡ
Ԫ汾ǿοһ仰Ҳ½һ仰īΣīҲ¶мɫû뵽ȴ˵ʵī㶼ҽˣȴΪǵĽ𣿡
ϻʶȤˣ
ԪͷһμҪҿ˼˰̵ˣȻ˵˲ڿһЩ⺬ĻůģŮбҪ
ӷŮʩ˵ǣƶɮˡ
Ϊɣõŵ£Ԫ滹֪͸ĵġ
֪ǴҪ˵ǳ˰α
Ԫɫ䣬ЩˣӷŮʩƺԳЩƫ
ƫ
Ůǰ¿˿֮󣬺ͺ쳾޹ˣ˵ģҲˣÿЩɵĵܵõɷҿδء
˵֮ŮҡҡͷǺοأ˼䣬ɢ̣ʯԵ죡
ŮһСʫԪһ£תͷȥīīλǣ
ĺСʦãŵĪඡ
ᣬȻҲǺϲСʦá
ʦ˵ˣû˵ù㻹ǻȥɣһˡ
Ԫ΢΢һЦȻλĽݹдˣƶɮһʧǣ漰ҳϣƶɮߡ


158 ˼춹
ԪûīȰ裬Ľ깫Ȼ˵˵ĲǣԼԲ޷ģҲš
Ľݹƺڳ⣬ҶϺ쳾ĺͺ쳾ǣңȺ쳾֮˵֣ΪѣҲȫ˵쳾޸ɡ
Ľ꿴˿Ԫ棬Ǵ΢΢Ц⣬ϲŭص겻˵ǵĽ岻ãǾã̫ãҲκν˵޷޵ʲôǷҵһʫ᱾̨һδǳ𣿡
ʫȷʵеġ
Ǻãʴʦ̨ΪΣ
ԪָǻۣȻ򣬶ﵽ׵ľȣҲָΪģָеķգȻ˵ľӣ̨ÿ˵бûзպģľҲղеķպǷѧһ߾硣
ĽԪ˵΢ɲص˵ͷƺӣãȻҲ̫Ȥˡ
ʦ˵úΪΰУ˶Ϻ쳾ʵΪ޴Ӧƹŷ𣬲Ӧù껪洺ɫ궬ѩƽ꽫ȴɽɲʵΪǡ
ʦãǻȥ𣿡
īĽ˵еˡ
ʦ㣬㼱ʲôҪʦú̸̸
Ľ΢΢ƫͷǹƤЦ⣬սȻɣ䣬¶ױȵɱ
Ԫ۹۱ǣǹۿڣģΪĽɫ΢ЦĽݹԲӣƶɮȻţҲΣƶɮҲúܡ
˵Ԫһ£Ĵ̨ɫ޲£ùۻۣһηԡ
˵˰Ľ꣬һ¡
Ԫ˾䣬ԼŵĻһʱ޿ɱ粵
΢΢𣺡ʦ˵õǲƺһжˣ뿪£ƾģ𣿡
ӷҷУεؽްƶɮƽҲ̵ɮڣУ۵ص㡣
ʦ겻ҹͬȻ겻ѧ𣬵Ҳ֪ʥӦɽѵɽУڷû𣿴ʦִڿˡ
Ԫ΢ЦɽںδĽݹ֪
Ľһ£ԼһɽҲֻ˵ѣô֪ص㣿ȴץסѱסˡ
Ҳֻҡͷ겻֪
Ȼ֪ƶɮԸĽݹĪɽֻͷиɽֻɽޣɽУαҪֵص㣿
Ԫ䣬ĽЩ޴ĸо
Լʫһף̼һ£û뵽򣬷Ӷľ͹ˣԼƺԽ⣬Խǿ֮С
תתĽֵʦ˸˶ϳԵ
Ľ⣬Ԫ滹ǲûش˵˶ϳԵˣԼƭ˵û˶ϣѾͷץסѱ
ǻԪ滹Ǽֵƶɮ³ۣδȫ˶ϳԵҷ𡣡
Ľ΢΢һͷʦ˵ֱ֤ˣ֪ʦδ˶ϳԵأ
ִǣҵȵȲһ㡣
Ԫ溬ĻشĽ겻̫⣬۾գ£ֵһʫ䣬ֻǵǰ䣬ľȴˣ֪ʦܷΪ󡣡
Ľݹ뽲ƶɮ֪޲ԡ
ǰ׺ΪˮȴɽƣȡλعˣһˣӦ˵أ
ԪڵһǣԵ޵Ե
Ľ̾ȻʦŸ߰˶ʫڴʦС
УĽݹ˻
ʦԼ˵ԵδˣҿʦҲ׺ĸоī㣬Ҳȫκʧ֮ʱȻīʦһһĴˣǳˣǰ֮˽֮ɣʦǽ˲мһˣ϶ԭġ
Ľݹ˵Ǻԭأ
ԪҲоͦȤģĽֵ꣬壬ƤҲģǸģȷʵԼȻᱻԣȴҲ᲻
ȻǴʦһˣԵ޵ԵһΪУһȻΪඡ
īԱһЦ˳Ľ꣬Ϊа˫Ůӣī֪Ľ꣬һֱΪеģȻ˵ΣأĽˡ
кϵãԼ֪ĽҲ֪û뵽ʱȻó˵ˣɼĽﻹǺںġ
īĽ˼Ķ飬ԼмĻôĺ֮Ů˵϶һˡ
ԪҲЩȻʧЦĽ껹ϵҲϵһȥ̲סĽݹˡ
˵飬Ľ꿴Ԫûйı⣬һ˿Ĳ죬ʦȷʵŻ磬˵㡣
лŮʩ佱ƶɮҵ
Ҫīʦĺȥˣպݷôʦպʹʦһ̸ڷѧµؿ֮ǰϣʦ͸һ̷
ҪҪģĽֱ꣬ҪһƷ
ҲãȻĽݹд飬ôƶɮڹһֽȣзȰ˵ĻҲϣյʱΪһ֮硣
лʦˣһҪ󣬾ֽȵı棬ʦҪдϣдһ䷽ĺĽ֤꣬ⶫӴԺҵˡ
Ŵ˻ԪĽ۾￴һ˿ζѾµ룬ǻǵͷȻˣԸˡ
˵Ժ󣬻Ԫ˷Ժһóһֽȣзͼиոдּ
ĽǰӴһ㣬Ľ꿴ȻСһĺĽꡱ
ĽüЦؽӹӣȻĵĶԻԪ˸򸣣лɣĽˡ
˵Ժīߡ
īֲҲֻöԻԪ˰֣Ȼͱ˳ȥ
ŶȥıӰԪ΢΢¶һ˿Ц⡣
߳ţĽ곤سһǲ򵥣ʦܵĲԩ
īû˵Ҳ֪˰ɣ˼Ҳ˵ֻƤҺѡ
Ľֵǧ㣬Ǳƭˡ
֮а룺ֽҾţǺϵպҼͽӸٺãҲûеõд˭˭˭ɣһϣˣܿԴ׵ӡ
ţĽӣ뿴Ԫּ
ȫ򿪵ʱЦ̵ϡ
ԭӱ棬ֻǸһдľСʫ
ɽΪɮСȰǣĪӣ˼춹졣
֮󣬲ǸһĽ
⡭ԴĺУȰҲҪ𣿡
˵ȶóȥˣ˿ҪҰУҪЦ
īЩط֣һŵСʦãϹһ˿糺죬ݽҧӣƺЩҧгݵģ
Ǳ˷ں޳𣿡īԴ˷ǳĲ⡣


159 µҪ
Ľī뿪ˣԪҲ⣬Ϊ³çʵ龫ֵѾͷܸԼʲô鷳
ԼиҪҪȥ﾿ҵʲô
˺ɽԪԶԶȥӰǱߡ
̤ŻѩԪߵߡ
ڻԪĵӶֻضź档
Ԫ˹ŵĵطһȻһԼСԱߣһеĺۼ
ϣߣ
ǵģܴһߣ굽ȥˡ
Ϊѩ߻ᱻ
ָָѩصĵ棺ѾͨˣıʣߵȻ߲ܻȴ䣬ѩǰѾް
ߵԪȻо棬ȴģھص׷Ѿ塣
עĵط߱ʲô˸ʣ
Ҳ˻Ԫɻָָ棺߸ʵˣڱ֮С
Ԫ浹һȻں
Ȳ˵ҪʲôʲôʵüˣǸոճֵģʲôһֱ棬ѵѾҪ
ͻȻѩ֮ϣȻʾԪҲ
ѩ˵Ԫ滹ǵһΣǼȻԼҲûʲôһѩϡ
Ļɣǲˡ
ĻԪ沢û̫𾪣ԴѾ׼ϴ˵˾ںɽʧԪͻɣϲļһǲǻںɽ
ֻǲôڴʮˣֱһ˼顣
˵Ųǰ׵ģ˵ƺѾļޡ겻˳ֽ֮ƾ䳬ǿṦԼսսŻôţͷһʱֻ֮űշ
вˣΪλᱻշ
Ԫڲ飬ǳĲ⣬ôܲʹԻ꣬Ҳڴɡ
Ϊ˿ѾӶݣǽϸ룬ȷʵ᲻ɱķŽշġںпܣǲӵ̫֮أǱ֮С겻Ϊ˴ɱһУˮǱʮҹڵǶˮʱͻȻˮһɹӦжصǱˮ֮ʮˮ£ҲǾ޿ܡ
Ԫ˵ͷʮˮ£ӦһˣȻҲ뿪ˮס
ԣˣôҲǸʱˡ
ԪֵΪʲôһߣ
һˮߣĿʱ꣬ĳһûץĲ²⣬һ˳òͻȻҪʱҪһЩߺܿǲ󣬾Ϊ˵ȴ뿪ʱ׼ġ
Ԫɫأ˵ˮ¸߹ˣǲˣҲˡ
ķӦþһˡ
Ȼˣƶɮڴ˺ͳһӭУбҪлֱϵ˶һ˵ʮ޺ѾˣҲǲս
˵ͻȻתԪ棬֣صصǧҪһ˹ǳͲ˶ϣ϶ʧأδνսʧǣҲҪս
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ġֻҪּܹɣһЩ¾Բȥ鷳ϵġ
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εĽ廨ţƳľͰãѡ˫ֳˣ书һ׽
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ýӥ۲ɽǸǰ棬Ĳ˻ûгԪ˯һ
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Ϣܴš
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һϰߵˣһԪκ̫ڶĻֱʵһҲûбʾʲôֻͷޣԪΪ˲̼ܾöûѯ书ﵽʲôزˡ
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ٶȻϲϻСʱǡôȭצཻһ졣
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һĻǰĻԪ棬óȫһһԲܸС
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С˵ģӦܵʦõӰ졣
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СҲûнܰõֻ֣˵ʦǵõ˰õķԸ
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161 Ůײ
Ϊ֮һ书ǼߵģοΪŮӣṦṦʩչûм˸ϡ
漣ڲ֮䷢ˡ
һ𿪴˽žɣôᣬôһǳɵĶȻǸɸ׷ˣ
Ҫ֪ɺͰþ봰Զ࣬Ұȶôܻᱻ׷ϣ
ΨдϴĨأ˫ֱĻСˣǸٶȼ죬͵׷ȥǻһ㣬֮ӰζֱӺߣһ˰õߣһԼʦȹץȥ
ѧԭ෴ڿƶ£õһҲǳʼαӵġ
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µһ𣬰õİɫȹסˡ
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òǽ֣˲Ϣ֮ͷӦ˹һѰסˣһɵתۣתַɻڡ
Ԫֻоǰһѩ磬°ɫĶǶƺסĴ⣬ΡΡǰζ
ֻǵʯ˲䣬һ굽˻ԪĴϣһסӣԼ档
Ԫ㶵վ¶ֵģ̼Һ˲ǳҲóƭǮƣҪȡӪҵִյġ
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Ǹֻһ֪ʲôƤĶ̿㣬ͷӶһ滹Ǳ꣬òôվڱѩ֮У»һȥĴߡ
˾ǲˣֻڱʮ꣬ѾȫǸˡ
һɮۣԶԶĺš
Ϲ֣ʮ겻ˣû뵽㻹浱˺Уû뵽ƶһˣ㻹겻ɢţ
Ҳûп˵ԭ˵ɳ
΢΢һţʩѾûжϹˣƶɮɨغ
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ַһЦðɣƶͽҲ̫һЩΪƶˮʮ꣬һ񲻳ɣվʶʶƶĲӡ
˵꣬һΣһѾǰ˫һ֣ӡǰС

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ҿ˵Ľ£һƶԹ֮ˣ岽
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162 
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еɮԶԶǱ߿ȥַȫ˻ȥ
Щ汦ĺǣԪû˼ȥᣬעȫںսϣһУԪҲȥĽˣ϶ҪȥæȺŹġ
ȻԼʵȥҲǰ׸ԶԶĴͣɢһעġ
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ʱ֮춼ˣԪڼֲסˣһ˻ص˷Ժýӥտžͺˣ˽Լɡ
صڣְúͻС˻ڣ·Ѿˣֻȹ򴦱˺ѣ˶񣬸ڸסˡ
ԪСƺЩ˼ǰѾȫָӣԪƳһۣû˵
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ĻԪˣǴӦֲ÷ڣֻܵд·һֻʱӻƶɮ֤λŮʩƶɮȷʵƻ
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ͯӹ촿йϰ񹦺ָԪȷʵĴʣɹһ˿󣬻С͸оǰĻ֮˺ܶࡣ
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163 ϵͳ?
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Դһв󣬲ܵӰ죬ַӦ˰Ķ
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ûƶɮЩоΪ˽Ը㣬Ȼ಻Ǹλãƶɮ񻹻ɵ㶵ĹȥʮָһָֹѾƶɮжϣ㻹ʩչӡ
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СɫԪѾȷв²ֻ࣬ǰȥͬʱ⹬ǱɱأƶɮҪҵĶֱأ
˵ţԪ潥Զˡ
Сں棬ŻԪĻһЩԥԻԪ˵ʲôȴһ˿ǡ
֪Ԫ˵ù˭Ҳ֪ǶʲôϣԼʦһȥģȡѪħͼɣû뵽ǹʦԼ˺󣬾Ȼа֮ģ˰ãһʱ˿̣ѪħͼѾʦصȥˡ
ԣõһСͼ
ԼܰõѪħͼôԼ£Ͳپܾ˰ɣãСݺݵҧһʦΪСҪһˡ
˵꣬СҲԪĲ߻£뿪ոճ֮ʩչṦɿ뿪ɽ


171 ͻƿ
Ԫ֮Ϊڣ֧˻СͬʱĽѪħͼ
ΪܱסСӦûȥҰҪѪħͼ
ɹôԼһѪħͼ
Ԫ治̰Ѫħͼ书ΪõһŲͼôŵѪħͼ޷ƴȫֻҪŵѪħͼôѪħĴоӦܹõ
ѪħѪħб˵õڻԪδҵ뿴һĳ֣ԣõһѪħͼǸ
Ȼ꣬¹겻겢ҪҲܳȾƣ
ԪϣͻƵˣȫ޺ã˱չ״̬ϣ£޺õ˫£
Щʱ޷ͻƵģǸͻƵλÿտΪʵĻ
ޡ۽һʮˣһʮˣȫ޺ñأͻƾͲ뿪
Ψһûн޺õĻֱǻţһˣոսڣʱ޷ͻơ
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ţĽ̶һ죬Ҳﵽ˵㣬һǸոս룬Ѿһˡ
ĽٶȾԽԽˡ
ĻţΪһսްԣó档
ʹѾȻԪ߲̫ˣĲ㣬ͺͻԪˣ㣬ȻԪҪһЩ
ӽ٣Ҳо˳صѹͷȡͻƣñԽԽԶ
֮󣬻Ҫµӣڻϣպٱµӳôͻӣͻᱻ̭
Ҿֿ̫죬˶ڼӿԼĽŲ档
ԪԼڣҲƴĿޣͨڷԺ屶ٵĸ£Ҳǽ١
ΨһγԱȵģһ
ֵһ֣ʱȫ״̬ЩиÿﻼûʧĶӹͻȻ췴ӵľӻɱ
ԪȰ˼ΣҲûʲôЧɴʱȰˡ
飬ǿȰȰ˵ģûзһľ޷浽һ죬Ҳܿÿˡ
Ԫÿæ͵УעչصĶǵĽЩ˲ֵĻʯ
ע¶ڹעαչأܶ˽ۣ˭ֶӵһˡ
£޵˶ǲ߲ݵĿѾһ־ˡ
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ڶ壬ͯӹ׳һЩ׳̶㲻ʲô˲飬ǻԪȴظоͯӹ׳ķȲС
ֻһССĽͯӹѾ񹦵һ롣
Ҫ֪񹦿ǺԲ
ۣԪСǻԾ澭ΪΪͯӹ֮
εԪоͯӹﵽ˺ڶĻԲľ
˿ͯӹԼۺ񹦣ͯӹĲϽ£󶼻Ϊ
д˶ԪƴͯӹԼǱҪɣԲ˿и
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Ϊ޺һֱֶеĵһˡ
Դӻ۽֮󣬶֮һЩ
֪۽ҲǵɽѪɱ֣ҲǺԲľ磬ʵԼԼ޺õ۽ǡ
ԺѹĻ޾˶ÿտޣɮ𾴣һֱһ˵ı
֮˻һˣ޵ѹǾ޴ʮ˸ˣоԲ
Щ˶ͭƤǣһʮ̫ԼһһʤһԶͻᴦ·磬ֻĶӵķݶˡ
ѹαչעĿ޾ҪԼĶһˡ
ձأͻƣΪ˶֮еĵһ֡
ͻƳ֮һƬڣҲ쾳֮ˡ
һأ̾֯Ӽޣûһ˿и
֪޳أԪ̾ˣһֽγõϵҲܴ˼
ܵ޳صĴ̼ʮһ۽ڶأҲΪ֡
۽޵ϲҲϲȻǾֵĹϵ˽˹ϵãûԪΪο
۽֮󣬴һģǻԪȴ
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ȭȷֻҪѧɣԪͻӣһ۽ֶԸ񣬵䷴
۽غ󣬻һҲ̷
ʮһأΪֶе֡
ʮ壬أΪ֣ͬһصģлߣ۾ţʮһʮˣͻƳΪ˺Բ
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ʮߣ۰ˣʮʮأΪԲ
¶ʮ۶˫˫ͻƵ죬ʮʮΪԲ
¶ʮʮģʮ߳أΪԲ
¶ʮģأΪ졣
¶ʮ壬ʮΪ֮ĩҲȡͻƣΪԲ
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һƬϲܶ˶ΪѾǺĵһɣ޿ĵһɣħؤںϵʵ޷ȡ
һʮ˳֮󣬻Ԫǣ̼ʮ޺
ȫͺԲɵʮˣ޺ΣЩͻƣȫ޺ĻͲ˵һս֮аæˡ
һƬͻƿУûע⵽¶ʮ죬ǵķһ䣬Ѿһûгˡ
շԺĴţԪ֮ϣڽĳ̡
ͯӹԺ屶ٵĴ߶ͻٽ㣬⣬Լͯӹͽˡ
ͯӹڼһ촿йޱȾֻҪͻˣڻԪİʵԵġ
ڵľڸͯӹĹؿ
Щ谭Լľڱݿشݻ٣ͯӹڷ
ʵأԪоͯӹӽ񹦣ͻڼˣ
ڣ
ϣǰδе̬ƳĹؿ
䣡
Լһͯӹٴαһأȵѹסһߣ
Ԫ΢΢۾سһ


172 ɮ˯ͼ
ͯӹڽףԪоһˬʵĸо̫ˣ
ڵͯӹγԺԼھ֮£֮ϡ
һﵽ޶ȵƽ⣬ڻԪγ㶦֮ơ
棬
ﵽ΢ƽ֮󣬻Ԫһͷ
Լ֮ܺͻСָҪΪࡣ
ֶҲǣԼҪһڹΪƽʱʹһҪΪ䣬һӦûԼĳս
֮ǰȻԼҲģΪƽ⣬Ҳٶȣڼܶ˿մ
ȻѾƽ⣬о澭ǿԼͯӹΪͯӹԣҲΪĲ䣬ôԼĳսͻõһԵĽ
һݣԪ汾һս
ͯӹ񹦣Ǳ䣬֤ûͺĺ
ƻɹֻҪ粻ǳԪ̫࣬޷ʱܻԪģǾͱ뽫䶼ûˡ
һ뵽㣬Ԫ˷ܣʼǱо
˶һڹֻлԪ棬һܽ޵мص̶߳ȣûģֻԼо
¶ʮ峿ķر򿪡
ɨѣӷ׼ȥɨء
ôʱ޴Ӵ˾ǰʩ񣺡޼ϡ
΢΢ͷ޺˲𡣡
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ЩʱһȥЩ㲵ˣƺЩ磬ÿվǹɨأҲ˶˵һ仰
ʱص£ԵòϣԼؽ֮Ҳûг
ܶ˶ģǲǶڷˣȥ
Щ˶ֹˣκȥϣ򶨵⵽
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ȻȥǸͨˣ㲸оһɨˣ˾оǳĽٻʮʮⲻ
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һ£㲻Ǹոճʲôʱ֪ͨķɡ
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Զһָ˳ָķȥǰЩӳֵ񼣲ؾ
˹Ͳؾ񼣣Ѿû˶ľ̾ѾͬǷӵʥصĹ񼣣Ӧʥ֡
ɽµİնͬˣûвͬɣҲԺĵط
ؾ󣬷Բӽ̽˸ÿŵʱȻ˿š
һֱŲҲ֪ؾ󣿡
Ļ֪ܶأˣҲȥɣĵطľͲˣԺפؾ󡣡
ƺ٣ͻ˵˺ü䣬Ȼɨѣ̧ͷͦصؾȥ
ЩģԺȥؾˣؾҲ֪صأôһ书ȥأǲǿǲأ
Ϊ޺Ψһвɲ޾ãԼӦΪɷǣӦΪϵİȫ롣
첽ϵߣ޵ϣҾ㻹Ӧȥɣؾڣղ־伮ĵطЩֵĸڣڲؾѾ֪ܶˣ޵ģһС֮ؾ͵飬ֵʧҳϵİȫҲܱ֤Ӧôӳ顣
΢Ц˵Ҳǲ֪μأ
ϣҾãؾصأƽɨļɣҪ˿أû۽ʦһҲطؾﻷģÿû۽ʦܹһԺͳ飬Աؾ󣬻۽ʦѾ֣ӦܵΡ
ҲɣǱ뷽ͬС
û޵»޿ȥͷ˵
ǺðɣЩҪ͸ɣùȥɡ
˵ԺڻͳһͰ͵ֽݸ˻ޡ
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һԻ񣬶һ൱֮ֽҲҲΨһǹͷܿǺС
һϺ˯ţɨѡ
ˣɨѣ޻ȷ滭
ʲôɮ˯ͼ𣿺ⶫûκаɡ
⸱ֽһĻЩɶͷԣԼôһƻʲôѽһҪȥֶɻܸװɡ
ǳϼȻô˵ˣ⣬ֻŻȥ˷Ժ
ո׼ţɵڴɡ
Ŷ룬Ԫڴ֮Ʒ裬к޹
ʩ£ȻԻԪɣӾãһ˿زؾ̫ȫӦû۽ʦܹȥæ
ϵҪ𣿡
ǵӿǵģ۽ʦҲһУؾ󻷾ģ˴ţϲͨѧӲᵢ
ΪɻܿӦû뵽ԪĬĬȻû˵
ʱԼõĻæ佻Ԫ棺ɣϸղ͸ġ
Ԫ˹¿˿ͻȻ¶ĵЦݣǳɹˡ
ɣʲôɹˣ
ûʲô֮ǰƶɮˣû˵ģƶɮڵģһŻƶɮͷˡ
ԽԽͿؿŻԪ档
޵ӣԪ΢ЦҲգ˵⻭˰ɡ
޵˵ͷ˯ɨѡ
ô򵥵ģϸûʲô
ٴο˰죬Ϻ˯ͷûκγĵط
޷򣬻Ԫʾ㽫õԶһ㣬Ȼ۾΢΢һ㣬ʲô
շɵʾ޽첲ֱûԼԶһЩ۾ϸ˰ΣûʲôҪڣ˵ˡ
۾ûģ״ʲô
ٴ۾ģģĸоϺӣһŹ
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Ͷˣ㿴ɨң
ȷʵе񡣡
Ϳ϶ûˣԼһŹģ˵ѳɹ֮ɹˡ
㶣ɽ͵ĺеʲôɹˣ
ˣ²˵ˣԺϾؾ㲻Ҫٹˡ
ԪĵĻϲڳɹˣԸƺҲЩת䣬ȻŪСĽ⿪Ҳÿˡһӣ


173 ɽʦͽ
֪ͻƵϢ֮󣬻Ԫǳ׷ˡ
յĿޣԼ֮ԾΪΪ󱸣˥֮ͯӹ񹦵ϣٴתΪ
һķţԼĳսкܿԼǶһݶ
һڶ¶ɽᣬԪĴ
Ѿ¶ʮˣ뻪ɽῪʼֻʱˣʱˡ
ɽϢѾ˽ɷ׷ɳһĸֲսݻԪ֪μӴ˴ģڵĻûУǺڣԲ
ֺûж٣ΪϾڶʮ£ʮģʵǷëǡ
أֲʣֵĻޡ۽ͻһˣ֮ǰѵõĺԲ׶ε֣Ԫ޹Ժ󣬶졣
Ͷӽʮ壬ԪԸ⣬Ҳܳϯɽᡣ
ǻԪãһλԼԳ֣ոһЩ
ɽһ˶Ļ幹ɵģڵĻɽжϡ壬Ϸ塰㡱塰塰վͦΣ˳Ϊ塱
⻹л̨Ůศڲ࣬ɽ壬ǻɽˡ
лɽ̨֮ϣ֮еĻɽɡ
ɽǺɽ˻޼ɲ˫۵ǰѾڶ塣
ڽϵҪȻ޼ɺõĶ࣬Ƕ˵˫ۣ޼ۣӢۡ
֮ϣҲкܶħ¼š彣
ɾѧϼ񹦣Ůʮӡ
ǽڵĴȺɽҲȫý˱ŵĻɽ⣬Դ彣Ҳ˽ǵ㵽ΪֹһʶΪ彣
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ĻɽҲнں֮ڣöɽ֮ڸ֣ΪûɽɴȨ˺͡
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ҲǸϰţϼõ˽֮Уγ¼һ޶ϼâ
һλɽᣬڻɽϾеģ뻪ɽԶвμӻɽĽˣɽɾסһɽɻṩѵķʳ۳˻׼ˣ֤дȫ
һɽҲеӲμӴ˴ᣬ˭ԪͲˡ
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һʼûиʮµĲڼ⣬ӳĿܣᣬ̵ʮ죬һ³ͷԺܶ鶼ȵûдġ
ֻȻչĲϻûʲôԪ˽ҲǺֻܶ࣬еȵ˻ɽϸ˽ˡ
һǰɽԪֻ׼۽һȥ
Ըܼ򵥣۽һڲʵǶ⣬Լȥһ¸á
һ۽ǰǹĻʶǼƶǹˣ죬书Ҳǲ߸ʲôҲһЩ
Ϊ޺񷱶࣬˸Լǰȥ
һԪ£ϺأҲǶв㡣
˸ճ񣬻޸ɮϰ䣬һΨһ񣬾ʮ޺һҪϤϤϤԪҪġ
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鶼ˣԪŻ۽¶ʮ糿ǰɽ
ɽ볤жͣ·ҲҪգԪȡ³һﻪɽɣϤȻ¶ǻɽ俪ʼӵġ
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޲ºضѾˣû˵вΪʥ̵Ļ̷Ȼܳڶںˡ
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Ƥñһֽţ󣬾Ϳʼߺˡ
λӢǣɽڲϣɽ彣ǰĵˣ˵նˣһ˷߾ң𽭺
СˬʵߺԪ÷ǳȤǲ֪߳⽭֮ϻġ
Աи˵ˣСӣϢ綼ʱˣûһģ
аʵϢ͹ˡ
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ϱżϢû˵أǰͲɻǧƮ¬һսҰܱѿصɽ֮󣬱𷣣̨ɽǷܲμѾδ֪ˣЩڻɽ֮¿ĵĶĳǮׯϰ壬Ѿеʷ׷µˣ
ŶϢϢһݶ
дǲ֪ôǧƮ¬һôǵ˼ҿǽ쾳üˣҿԡ
СӾˣʲô鶼ӵģҿţ̳лɽŶ⡣
ǿδأ˵СӺŮƺһȣѾĸˡ
Ůʮ壬ʲôĸӣһͿʼ
һܶǮǸСӵϢ
ڻԪʾ£۽Ҳ˼ݸָϢûԪۿ
Ԫһ󣬺ܶϢоǺ죬ģЩϢ棬ҲܿһЩɽɵĻϢ
ûйϢ𣿡
ûУļϢҶˡ
Ԫ˵ͷ֪ĸϢҪȵɽ֪ϾʱͨѶ㣬ܵõһЩϢѾǲˡ
ӼӵУԪǼסˡ
ȥ˯һڶҪ뿪ʱͻȻջĻ˹˻Ԫһ
ʦϻãջ̫࣬û˼޷ģ˵һȥɽһ·ҿͽ
˹һСԪʵʲô
޷ĶСҿǲҪˣúˣСĻȥæˡ
˵Ժ󣬻Ƶߵߵ뿪ˡ
ԪɻĴСһúڱдһ֣Ԫһʱ󾪡


174 ϵͳ
һоС֣޲ǸݺŮ󲢲Ǻܷϡ
Ϧɽ
̶̵߸֣ȴĵݡ
޲ԼĻԪЩأ
ˣԼҪȥ
ԪζӣãھϦкܳʱ䣬Ȼ޲¸ԼϦô϶֪Щʲô飬ڴ֮ǰӦòµġ
ԪһɣȻʱû£ǾѰҴ𰸣һʰ飬ͻ۽·
뿪ؽ磬볤Ͻʵ۱ͳεˡ
Ƕս˴쿪սĻ߾Ͳˣ߹ؿ϶Ҫϸļ飬㲻þҪ͵ɣɽˡ
֮󣬻Ԫһ·۲죬ȻǳΧЩȲϺϡ
·洦ɼؤǴҲܲԪһսսʧһսεȵˮ֮С
һֱʮջƻ裬ߵ˻ɽ򣬲Щﶼɽ񣬿ɽɽԸ㣬ȻԣȴҲС
ǻɽ£ɽʹ˻ɽ£뻪ɽҲʮԪͻ۽ҸطЪһЪ
ɣ㿴Ǳɽ
۽ѻԪ棬ԪһȻԶһɽЩá
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˲ǰУɽǰ
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лôһأһʲôģȥϢһ£Ѿˣһ˱ܡ
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ΪʮˣһǶ³һ
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ʱ򣬱һĻԼоСá
滹ǺѩصģԼܲѩȥо
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ǰνεһ룬˿УɵЩԥ
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Ԫ˽ȥֻˣǶʮͣһ£һѩĳؿԼˡ
ӷ𣬶λʩƶɮ˵ˣҹѩصҲʵ޴ȥʩи㣬ƶɮڴ˽һΣ
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ˣлλʩˡ
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ǱҲ׼𣬻۽Ҳȥһ֦ҲһѻȻһμ
ǿԪҲ󣬶һǳˣǱߵҲûʲôԹԵǱ졣
ʦ֣һǻɽˣ˵öĴźͲμĸɸֶˡ
ǵȻˣʦΪ壬͸ŶõģΨһϵõľǸ޼ˣɽ군ˣԺɾǻɽˡ
Ԫͻ۽໥һۣûǶ˻˵ʲôȻڻɽɽˣ˶Ҳ׼ɽʱġ
޼Сӣôô˳ۣһֱʦԣǵɽɵ̨ãʣ̩ɽɣɽɣкɽ⼸ɶһɽ֣Ȼǻɽһˡ
ö˵ǼҲ֪֮һεĻɽ䣬ֻҪʦܹôʦƾͻж
˵˻Ԫһۣ˼ɣûм˵ǵҲ֪ʦûŴʦֳأ
ųˣʦ˼´ʮˣ伴ʼʦѾ׼뿪ˡ
Ǿ̫ˣ⼸ղɽϣ֪˭ǻɽ
˶ˣɵˣɽɵģŶˣжüˡüҲǾʦ̫ˣһŮᣬ˵˴ҪԲμ䡣
ģüƲǰˣҪš
кܶˣѩɽɣؤˣ䵱Ҳˡ
Ǹʦæ䵱Ҳˣǵ̫ϳϹûУ
˵ѽûôߣЩһ䣬ǲģ䵱߽֮еİһ䵱ӣģ˵˽ܺãԺʹʦһˡ
ʦֵ˵ͷ䵱Ǵɣнܳǿ϶ģ𣿡
лɽɡ®ɽɵȵʮɣоǾڵ˵ˣ˵ȺիҲҪˣֻڻû
ħû˰ɣ
ӦûУҲûеǻɽЩаɣһˮݣûĺȵЩҲᵽģЩ޵ĴˣЩһҲǰиԴĵط
˵˶ͻȻ˻Ԫͻ۽λʦǲҲμӻɽѽ
ӷûƶɮΪ˶
Ŷһ磬ǿһɽղſǵˡ
µġ
ʶλʦǴӺζ
ƶɮǺɽµķһ䣬λҵĵӻ۽
Ԫ汨ţԺֵҪһǲǳ˵ȥʲô£Ҳס֣֪ȺҪ
ϧɽȻֻ֪֣֮Ƿܵص˵ͷ
ʲô֪ɣҲʧȥ˺ͻԪ˼ȥ˼תͷȥԼ˵Լˡ
ӶԷ̸УԪܹóɽȺƼڶ࣬Լȥˣһ¸ۡ
ɽȻԣǱϾᣬЩۣһûԪԻɽЩɣ˺ų彣ôµӶ̵أԼֵӣ;Բ
ǲԼ˵ҲãһԼϵͳ졣
žȼգɽڵ¶Ƚ
ѾůˣһЩˣһֱĿɴͺ¶ԣǱ˯ȥˡ
ڵʱ䣬Ѿӽҹʮ㡣
ƶɮҪϢһ¡
Ԫϵͳ飬Ի۽Ըһ䣺СЩɾܷľˣ۽һֱġ
۽̻شһ䣬ûԪ氲ġ
Ԫ˵ͷ΢΢ı˫ۡ
ʱ𽥵ҹʮ㣬ѾǶ³һˡ
ʮ㣬ϵͳȻ׼ʱ𣺡ϵͳɣǷѯϵͳ¹ܣ
ѯ
Ԫ鼤µķϵͳʲôأԼڴ


175 ·ϵͳ
¸һ£Ԫٴϵͳʾһ̣ϵͳǱҲúС
ѡ˲ѯϤϵͳתٴγ֡
ϵͳʾٴ𣺡ϵͳѾɹ鿴ѡ
ԪϵͳһѡȻ˺ܴı仯
񻹱ѡֻ书ѡѡѡʣĶ˺ܴı仯
ȣѡѾˡ
Ԫ鿴飬ϵͳʾȡؾƣԶȡѡ
ԪҲԣؾԶɾˣٳȡѾû˶壬Լ˽һЩ𾭣ơ
ѡûˣһҲ˱仯
ൽһС棬ÿλ
ѡĴ󽱣Ѿһˡ
ǵѡΪ˲ľѡ
ֱֲ
ǰѡ֮Уֹӥ飬Щ鱻»֣һֲγһĴľ顣
ϵͳʾٴ𣺡ľҲɽһ֣ϵͳľ˲ʳľݵȵȣеֲȡڵ֣פ޷ʹá
ѡĳ֣Ԫ滹Ƿǳģȡֲ壬Ҫǳȡʳܱ֤µĻʳӦԺʲôսңЩʳܱ֤ɮ档
һЩܶʱܷãӥԪİֱġ
Щı䣬Ǵ˴ηϵͳ仯
ı仯һҲԭѡ
ﲢ˷棬Ǵ󽱻ڣ󽱣Ժ˫ҲΪפѡÿһζ֡
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⡢ࡢ
⣬һΪ߲㣬Ȼϣȡ֮󣬿ԺγһȦһγȡ⣬ͻԺһɫĹȦڶγȡ֮ڳɫɫΪɫȦԴơ
ⶫûκεʵҲûκεʵʺôҪķΨһôǿȽϻˡϵͳ涨ȡɫɫ֮󣬿ѡһƷΪҲ˵ԪֻҪõɫ⣬ͿһԼҪĶˣ澭ֵڶѡ
ȡȫɫ⣬ͿһѡĻᡣ
࣬ԼγһͼҲһΪ߲㣬ȡһ֮󣬾ͿһӰȡڶ㣬ܳĵĺУԽֵӰԽʵԽ󣬺ڻ޺档
ⶫҲǣȡ˵Ĳ㡢߲ʱҲѡһϵͳƷΪ
ͷһⶫҲȽϻˣ书ģûκεʵ
һЩͬˣǾʵĶ
ϵͳްӷ𼸸֣ҲҪ߶ģֱӽ뱻ʹߵԺоƣҲΪ߲㡣
һʮ׷Χʩչⶫ޿ɵģ㹦ߵʲô̶ȣֱӽԴԽԽСԽ꣬Խ
ʵɱûж󣬵֮УһȰԽͣԽױʵһֶķţͻԪȡ˷ľ֮ͬ
ȡֱ߲˶޿ɶ㣬Ҳкܴջ
ⶫ۳ȡڼ㣬ûˡ
΢Щʵʹã˵˶ǻ˵ģӻԪ淽ɵɫʶѡ
ʩչĴһ㣬ֻ⴫˵Ļֻ˵ްӷ֡
֮⣬һǲȷһ
ȫĸı֮󣬻ԪȲЩһϵͳĹܡ
ǺܿϧϵͳȻɣǳȡʱ仹ûе޷гȡ
µĽѾ˶£Ҫȵʮ˺ţһγȡᡣ
Ϊϵͳȫˣرյʱϵͳٴʾˡ
Ժĳȡֻѡʼܿʲôطʼ
ϵͳʾԪ˰졣
ԭϵͳɵѽ֪Լ˳ȡĹɣȻŪһ涨ԼԼһԼֵŶԺòˡ
޷ƵĻôд󽱵ļʾͻСܶࡣ
ֻǲ֪ԼϵͳĽڳ齱׳öһϵͳûиı䣬ûеĻôпɹõĵطȻĻԼһƶûˡ
ǻԪţֻҪϵͳ©ѰģԼо϶ҳеŶ
оϵͳԪ潫رա
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֮󣬷ǱߵɽҲ˹׼
λʦǻҪϻ£ͲȺλʦˣǰ̨弴ɡ
ӷ𣬶λʩԱ㡣
ɽҲûмͻԪ˵뿪ˡ
Ԫͻ۽Ҳ뿪ԶԶؿŶȥķ򣬲ǰС
ɽɽмʮ·̣˽ӽʱ̨¡
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۽ԼͻԪİ˹ȥ׼̨ߣͻȻ˵
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һߴˣǰУԼߡ
Ͳˣɻȥƥúãǻɽӣ⼸ƥңǺƥԶһ㣬Щ˵ʱƽ톪
ǣʦ
зɻ˽ƥǣ˹ȥ
ǸʱתԪͻ۽ԪûʲôӦǿ۽Щȡ
еϢѽ
۽Ѫսһһ׵ķâڽ죬ϢѾ࣬ǻǲɱЩͬ
УǴʲôطģ
Ȼ۽ϢҲǺںǰȻһ䡣
Ԫ濴һۣ˵ϢǿӦһ֣Ҳǳھ磬Ϊǡ
ȻԷʢˣԪ滹ǵǰӷƶɮԺɽ¡
£û˵μӻɽ𣿡
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ǳˣʲô֣ߡ
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ʱǸȥؽзɻͻȻʦˣƥˣ


176 ʦɶ
ǸɻĻüͷһͿʲôΪʦıԲԭʮģ㿴סס϶ְ˼ҵˣ鷳
һѵɻһȥߵһ룬Ļȫ˶
Լͷҵ˻һҶͦƨһƥߡ
һѾˣ˿Ѫ
һ£漴ŭ𣺡˶ȥϷǣѵǰɣ
ɻίʦҲǣʵǣҲǣվﰤߣǲҶӡ
Ҳˣæĳ˹ȥԼ¹Ȼûжŭһ̧ƾԪİȥ
Ϸ㣡
ƺݺݵ£û䵽ϣͻȻԱһϮ
һָХȵϢֱ֣ŵ͵֡
ָƿնȥûпС
ȻָûдԼܸоָУԲǺ顣
û뵽ʦز¶һĲϷţˡ
ԱţԪ޸оǸʲôģû˵
ţʩ֪ϣ㲻Ҫһʶźá
תתЩеǳ
ԱǸȻϢԼҲ壬ǰȻһüĿģԼȻĵϸܸоЩϢ벻
ԪȻ벻ˣĪ˵ţ𣬾Ҳ׿ԪǺֹ
Уҵ鲻ܾôˡ
ǲ֪ţʩΪΣ
ҵԲԭ֮ϷʮˣպҲܲôˣϷҲҪһǮӣ֮¾ʹ˰ݡ
ţ˵ţȴһֱƥһȣˣıԼƥʵǧģȻҲǺʲô֮Դ޶ѡ
⻹ò׼ǰеǳŲȡȨ֮Ҫ϶вԼɴͶˡ
ˣԪǳмӲʨӴ󿪿ڣƶɮǿӲɣ
ȻڵʵҲûڻԪŵӷţʩƶɮǳˣ޳ҪҲòġ
ȻòôͽİҰɡ
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ţһ£ţ༰仰Լ֪ʲôϵ
Լ˼ţͻȻŭУҽϷᲢۣ
ţ˻ǰԼ
裬ţҲ˴ڻɽ£ͽܾҪ֡
Ǳ߻۽潣֣Ҳ׼ȥɱ
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һʮӴɽųĻ㲻ܸһֲĸо

ţæλӺ˴к
ţţɽȥɣλʦǼʦҪˣͲҪﺰɱˡ
ȻҪˣϷȻΪѣϷıеˣ⳥һ㡭

ųƥһ֪ǲԭЩӽƤëõԭģ˿಻һǴһƥһǧƥһƥСԶЩ˿ǷǧҲ˵׼Ŷ
˵ףţЩҧгݵصЩӣ´Ϸ򿴵ǣȻҪǺÿ
Ͻ߰ɡ
ţʩȻɽˣߵʱ򣬻ŻԪһ
˼ã˭ˣȻҪÿ
Ԫ΢΢һЦֵҲʱ򣬲Ȼ˭ÿ
ǸòҪʾģԪ΢΢ĵһ
Ҳȭ֪λֵһʦ
۽λǱ·ɡ
ɽУһʦ
˵꣬жŻԪʩ񣬻ԪҲʺá
ɣʦɽӭɽ֮ʱھܾˣ»޼ƴ󣬸߷ڣΪ˾ʦҲĽĺܣϣܺһء
̫ˣ彣ĳƺţܡ
λʦ롣
˵ţǰ·Ԫͻ۽Уһ·̨嶥ȥ
ԹŻɽһ·ɽ·߳ߣҺ·Ǿ޵ģǶͣÿһҪ̧ŵǸߣЩࡣ
Скһ죬߱ߺͻԪԼ۽˵Ц
ʦ֪أϲ߽ܺȾƣ˵Ĺڰ㻯ϺУҶ˵
ŶϢͨ
µ飬֪Ҳ˵ɼȷʵϢ
ûʦ֪ѧʶԨһҪء
Ԩҵ뽲
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˵
ǸͷֵܹģĶʵҿûˮƽ߰˾ţʦ˵ʲô
ζԵģ
Ҹ˸ŰͷһЦ˵ԲͲȥˣһڣҲش˼ȥߣȴҲԣͷˡ
Ԫ΢Цδ˵˼ȻǶԲˣʵһ
ˣôǶأ
룬߰˾ţΨȱһʮȱһʮǲָȱ·ʳأܸȥһЩóԵ·Ļ˵ͻӦˡ
ԪĽͣ͵һȣŶôû뵽һأ϶ԭˡ
ʱҲߵ˻ɽɵǰЩˣԻԪʦʦķȥͨһ£ϸȥУͨҾȥǸͷѧɣȫлʦյĴͽ̣ձص𡣡
˵ԺмææˣЩȲͷ
Ԫﰵ֣˵ߣԶӣôɽȴûȻԵء
ҲһΣѧһЩùҲ˵
̧ͷ˿ɽɵɽҾǰװ죬ĺĸڴˡ
ܲЩӱͿһԼˡ
ԪһɮۣŻ۽˽ȥ


177 ˭?
뻪ɽ֮ڣһ·Ŵǰ档
ߵſڣѾӭ˳
縺룬棬Ԫ˫ֱȭλʦµһ䷽ˣȻԹӢ۳꣬һ䷽ɵᣬϷȡ
Ԫ˫ֺʮŵķɣҲƶɮ̾
Цʦ룬ĳλܼλѣˡ
Ԫ˻ɽѾˡ
λµķһʦһʦĳһ£̩ɽɵĶγӶţλǺɽɵţλǺɽɵʦ̫
Ԫһһ
һ䷽ҪԲμӴ˴λɽ䣿λɽʦ̫ʵ
ǣƶɮȻǷɣᣬ˻ʶһҲá
ǱʦμӣûЩɵʲô¶ˣҵǸͽУÿֻ֪Ⱦ֣˼
Ļû˵꣬ͻȻһɽӣŻŵصʦˣķȥһ
˵ɽɣȺۣηôĵӣ
ȷʵ˿صӣʦ˵ˣĶɽؼѾʧˣ
һ£漴Ȼŭҵؼλã֪˲ˣʧԣһڹΪٴȥ
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һֱסѾۼ˲ˡ
һѾˣһѾﴭϢ
Ӻʵô¶˵
Ԫں΢΢üԼһѯʵӵƣ˼ɫͺʡ
ʦղһֱߵ˵ͶԵӳ֣ӺУ˵书Ҳܸߣ͵Ӵ˶ʮغϣһңӵغƻҵʺ˵ȻͽڣܿؼߵʱǰȻһ¡
ӵؽԪ룬Щˣ˿صӣ俴Լؼ书Ǻܸߣ鷳볣
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Ͳ˵ˣͨͣЩеӣƵĲ٣ʦ֣ʦ֡ʦ֡Сʦܵȵȣ࣬ʵ޷жϡ
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ЩΨΨŵŵصΪԽãʦû뵽ȴһС
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ɫ࣬Χ˵λͬɽҪڲ񣬻λȥϢһҴֱȥ弴ɡ
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Ԫͻ۽ҲԼķ䡣
ȥ֮󣬻۽ʻԪ棺ɣҾйŹ֡
뷨˵
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е˵书ضֳһ㡣
۽ǵģ˵书ӦúܸߣصҿǺڶ壬һĺڣ䶷൱ÿصӲҲǺԲ쾳磬ҷĿԺܴΪҲҪ쾳磬ڻɽѸ
˵
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Ԫ˵ͷ飬̫٣Щط޷ǵڲĻɽԴ׻Щ´ĻݣεĻɽֻ»⡣
۽ԥһ£ɣ˵ڶż̳ˣ֪ؼλõģпܾ˵ӦòģϾǸʱ򼱼ææ뿪ȥѰ˵ͷӦòװģ·ʱڣҸо޻˺ȥġ
ԪҲˣǻ˷ˣʲôֵأѵ飬ǻɽλõ᣿
һҲûеóۣ͸ɴڴˡ
˰ʱ֣洫һ
һţ۽ȥš
һǼɽӣ۽ʵλк£
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۽ܾԪǽɡ
˽ڣһСݣտյģûпԲ˵ĵطЩ˵ңûɵ㣬תȥˡ
ˣ۽ţԻԪɣȻ࣬пڲˡ
Ը˰ɡ
һֱ˰ҹǰ˵̸ۣƺûҵС
ԪҲ̫ģվ俪ʼӣԼҪ״̬ú׼ӦղǣǻɽڲԼҲ룬ǡ
ҹʱ֣۽֣ȥһֻԪոϣͶԻԪɣղڽ˵һȥǾͲ˵ˡ
ҹģǶ죬˭˵
ԪҲû̫ȥ˭˵ʲô˵ʲôɡ
۽£˵һ䣺ƺرء
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˵ţͻȻ˫˫ɫһ䡣
֮ϣ΢ײȻ΢Ƕȴˡ
ҪڴҶţϸ΢϶עġ
ˣ
Ԫ氵۹۽Ҳĵý֣û뵽ۿˣôͣ飬Ҫֵϴ⣬ôЩ˾ʹˡ


178 Ѫħͼ
Ԫͻ۽Ķĵ۹Ϣ
˼֮󣬽ؾû˶
ɣ˻𣿡
۽ýж˵š
Ԫ΢΢˵ͷȻͻȻе۽ô䣿ȥ𡣡
۽ᣬȥ۵ȥŪ衣
Ԫᣬĵش򿪴ȻԾ˳ȥ
һӣкܶ෿䣬ҲסŲˣԪ֮˳ǽһΣĵһԾϷ
ʱҹֲָԪŷܵıϣԼڷ䴦
ûв´ǸھԼķǱ
ԽԼԽң۽˵ʱĴںԼԻ
Ȼ۽װúܳãΪֻһ˵ǲϳġ
ԼԼ״Ԫͣϸۿ
˾澭ǿԪȫԴ࣬λãѾܹǰʮ״һſڷһ
ûзֻԪĵ
ԶԶؿˣԪĬĬת˫ʳָĵشһָ
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ָĵʽ޴󣬻Ԫһ֣Էᣬһ֣׺ݵһ
˸оָƿյʱѾˣǿָݺݵػ˲ҽһһҪµȥ
񣬾ȻǸŮˣ
ԪһŲ˲˴ǰһץס䡣
˻ƴĶԻԪһơ
ָѾˣﻹжͣԪ㶼û㣬һģֱӻͷ˹ȥ
ʱѾеƻȻŮ˵ĲҽѾˡ
Ԫ潫˷ŵȻһԾ·ֱӴӴֽݣֽرա
ڣ۽ѾůǹĪĺѾʧˡ
һлɽǰţ۽俪ţЩ˽ݷһûз֮뿪ˡ
ЩǰߣԪƿϷ
ǵ˷ط֣ղǸԼεŮ˾Ȼˣ
»ԪЩˣԼȻʧˣԼˣһ
ûмڷϵ飬Ԫֻصڣǰʱ롣
ոս£û˵ЩɽӾȻɱһǹڻˣֻٴ㬵뿪
˶Զˣ۽ĵضԻԪɣղǸŮ˵
Ԫ˵ͷЩ룬ǸŮˣԼʮңʵӦǺԲڡ
۽룺᲻ǺɽãֻһʮŮˡ
Ԫû˵ú񲢲ǺɽãŮ˵ΣԼӦǼģôûӡء
˭أ
Ԫڷⲽɽ֮ڣ͵Ů˭
ȥԪͻȻԺһ᲻ţ
˼·ڻԪԺԾţɾͺˣҲ˼ˡ
ȻģղˣӦʲô۽ȥ֣˾͸ˣҲ֪ԼˣΪ۽ʲôɱڡ
֮һпܾš
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Կ϶Ӳҹʱܵ顣
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ԪûҪԽģѾ漰ԼԼͲˡ
źǸˣԼֵģԼûеʲôѵΪ۽һΣԷɱ
˼ʱִ
۽üͷһ壺Щɽɵ˻ûˣȥߡ
˵ţ۽ţҪ˵ʲôͻȻӰһһСӰ˷䡣
Ԫһˣ
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С˻Ԫ֮˷ܵصʦҵˣ⻪ɽô෿䣬Ҳ֪ֻһѲҹĻɽӣʳġ
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۽ȥţСĵشӻóһ˻Ԫ棺ʦ϶Ҫɡ
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棬һ˵ͼ滭Ѩ;һйķ
棬һͼֻ˼ĵͼüĿ
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СˣԪǳԾѵѪħͼǴӰ
Ѫħͼֻоţֱڶʱħ̾Ŵͷﱣš
ݷ˫ţϼһҲѾδֽħ̾Ŵͷ˶书ߣ¶ŽûܴѪħͼ
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ʣ棬ֻѪħͼ˳ֱͱħˣսɽѪħͼߣһھڰһţڻ޼С
뵽ԪͻȻ󾪣ʵƶɮѪħͼǲ㸸еģ
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Сƺĸף˵ɽ֮ź丸ûϵˣ仰棬Ԫ
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179 Ⱥի
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Ԫ澡ȥСȥоĵĴɿ˹ԼʮӺ󣬲ջ֡
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οҪμӻɽ䣿
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ӥܿİ赽ɽϿգĶһһݸ˻Ԫ档
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СΧ£еߣȴ֪ǺãѾ˵ͽģȴʦҶֲֶǣֻôΧš
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ֻý˯ر֪ԼʲôʱȥˣҲ֪λᱻ˴ˡ
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ȥɽʲô
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кܶڿţѹһŭ𣬶еҸ͡
˽½飬˿ˡ
˴ҹҲȥϢˣԪҲص˷Ѯ
ѾŪˣûԼĻ˴λɽԻһѣԼĺûˡ

̨ɣһЩ̨һЩ
Ҳ֪Ǻεȸˣ֮һ
Ƕ³Ҫμˣѡ·ɽȻ塣
Ṧ㹻ãôѡɶɣȥ
εᣬ˲μ⣬ֻڹǰ
ɽŴǰ˾ۼи󣬿Ԫ滹ͷʾ⣬üɫ裬Ȼǵõ˼ĺô
λվǻɽ俪ʼˣμľмʮˣھͿǰˣĳҪѴңѾкܶˣЩ˶ˣԵǧ򲻿̫ſ񣬱ⷢνս
˷׷׵ͷ˭Ҳɵӣ˵Ҳû˻анкħġ
ǺãܷɶģͿĳˣԼȥǧҪǿɽһСľǷǡ
˵֮ͷ˫ȥ
Ǹȥ˲࣬ģûаٷ֮ٵİգ˭ҲԼЦ
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λĳһˡ
˵һͦĻҪͻȻ˵ÿȺիˡ
Щ˷׷׻ͷۿԪҲȥۿϾȺիһֱǸȽصĵطҶʶʶ


180 Ĵ
Ҳ֪ͷǲУȺիһŮӣ˴ʧ
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ԪЦЦһнѡ
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ʦʩΪǣȻңҲִУ飬ҲǷˡ

ԪлԶһƺԶִԪдһʲôЩԶԶǸйȻǸɤŶ
һ˶˻˭Ҳ˭ˡ
Ǳߵʿ̸ۡ
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վڶٰĻСһӵɵ飬˫һ죬ʮָ繳׹צ˲߷ǿ˫һ̽һ¿ס˶ٰ׵޿ɶ㡣
ٰڵĴֻ֣ؿһʽ¾ŽԼʺնԮѾˣ


182 ɽ
˭Ҳ뵽ʩչһ
˭Ҳ뵽гʱ򣬻Сڱסٰ׵˫֣
˵һ˾ȶٰףôΨվԱߵˡ
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УΪʲô͸˵ð֮踣ȥɱٰأʹɱ˶ٰףλҲֲ
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ٰԼԼˣĻСȻԼǾ׹צҲǳصģ˲Ϣ֮䣬Լ㲻ȥ
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ҶеĽƺҲûô죬ٰжԼգһ۾ǵ⣬Щƫ
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޼ɳĬƬ̣Ůվһҵˣʲô鶼˵ˡ
Сɫһ䣬޼ģȻĺܣ޵ķʽԼͻԪ档
Ų˵Ҫǻ﷢üٵͼƭҲĻ䣬֪ġ
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˵ԪͻȻһǸڻɽɽ̸һж¾Žˣݷأأ˰ɣ
쳹Բʮš
Ԫ˵֣Χ˱ɫ
ֵܣݷƣǰҽ̣ʹ¾Žħͷôڣ


183 ħв
Ԫ֣ȺЩңħͷ֮һǿǴˡ
һԶЦһȤĺУ㻹֪飬˵Ϸ
һ˷ɿƶһɽºգ֮ǰվͻ޼ɶм䡣
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˵۽˵ĸоһѳʵıô˾һѻ֮еľɱ¶վߣƺܱϢˡ
Ԫʩ֪λǰγƺ
ԷԷȥħ˵̣ݷ罣Ҳ
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ԪǰһʱڽϺͲɻܣһ˵ΪʹʧˣҲֵÿ϶ģŲͣ˼˼ΪҲ𣿡
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˵ţԪ潫Լ̶һ˵˳һ̾
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ٰҲ˵ҵħʵҲܿһ˼άʱ䣬ֻҪҿƣʱ棬ɱҲ˿ԥԺЩج
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˵ⷬݷƸӵƺʱҪԻԪ֡
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˵֣ʮԲǰ˸̧ӵҲǺԲһʮˣսһһĺģųС
ǰˣǽư˶ٰ׵ıϡ
ݷ磬޼ɣˣ֪ݷ罣ʵȺʹҲǶ֣ħ֣ʮˣȫܽ˲͸ңҵħʱҵѾԽڣǿţסһħأ
ٰ׳в޼ɺɫ䣬Ϊٰײɱ£ôһƻ
ʮ˴书ԳԽڣԲһħ˭ܵסأ
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ԼȻ죬ʽľԲѷɫκˣʵʵҲԲȫѹסޡ
ϴһд⣬ŪõҲȡ
Ԫǽȥٲȴ˼ţ߸ɴɱҲ˶˵ʲôˣһ
ΪˣΪַɣԪ治ô
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ĬĬתֹνѾ֣ǻԪûΡ
޿Ԫ֣ңҴ򲻹㣬ֻ취ʰˡ
֣ƺûԪԼ쵽һ룬ԪԼܽʱͻȻĿһ䣬һ̧һ˳ȥ

̨µǻСĻԪİΣǷ̨ȥԪΡ
ǵ䵽̨ϣŷ֣Ǹ˻Ԫǰһھ޴֮ϡ
Ҳˣнֻģɼͷ˴ˡ
С䵽̨ϣȥˡ
ԪĽֺ쾳һɲƣҲǺѵģοⰵֻż񣬶˻ԪɵĽ֮һ㣬ΡΡ
Ԫ滺ֽ֧Ȼ޵ʩʹֶΣƶɮзǽɥˡ
㶵ؿǰһУһжˣԼֶξȻҲʧˡ
Ужٵֶûʩչִ˵е񹦶ᣬԼβ俹⡣
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޾ֵؿԪ棬ǺʦõĻԼҪˣѵŹԼɣ
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Ԫûж֣Сǲġ
ʦĴȱɱˣѱ㣬Ϊİȫ룬˽Ҵɡ
СһԾ̨׹צһ̽һצץ޵ĵȥ书
Сͽˣһ׹צ书ޱͲĶ֣οڻˣֻŻСһצץ
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󣬾ʣԪͻСԼˡ
ӷƶɮҲҪȥˡ
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СԪӦԼƣΨֻԪԼһˣǻ˵Щζ
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ǽˣս񣬺ǹϵɡ
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Ԫʶѹûڹԭˡ
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Ԫڸڷ䣬ɫԽԽأȻЩڰиҪʲô


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ְһרźԼԺҲѧˣùٸ;ϹⲼԷϹ
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ЩˣʣĵӶˣǴﵽ˺ڵģͿԽãΪֺĵӣϣǶҪˡ
Ⱥǰ棬Ԫָһҩ޺֮ڣ޺ƶɮµĹǣ޺ĿǰһˣʮˣҪΪ˲࣬ôһã־ͽյڶӣҲӣһΣҪնˣ
ԪĻ˶ˣȥôа
ҪΪղҸһϢϴξкܶ뱾¶ûгɹвԭµĵӣЩ˱ǺУͨ𷨣һ书ӣɸǣҪһʱ䣬ûͬ⣬ǵɮһǷµЩ˵ӣͻʮǰ
УЩµĵӣʶٵηɮˣߡͷӵȵȣЩҲʱԼ£ǵ书ҪΪһͻǿʱ˭ʲôãǿ˵ġ
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ȻƽʱҶѾڷܣ룬ӦøڷһЩ
лһǰʶһɽǰֻ߰˸ˣЩ̫ƽٸҲ¶һЩưܵɵҲɽУڹҲиʮˣЩѾʼɧƶɮѾһȥԸ˳ҷߣԼ£Ը˳ˣȥ书üΪһ
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ȫͨˣôͷֿٷչ
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ЩҲб׶ˣЩ˶ɢˣǲ̡ܽ
ԪԴмƻҲģֵӸܵѹС
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ԪҲ˵ͷȷʵܣȻ˵ΪʲôǾָо
лᣬŪһѪħͼһͼ޷ۣҲ޷ˡ
䣬˲ؾ󣬱߱ߵҲǶˣһˣˡ

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ƷһƷе߲գвȺ߲գй鷸ʷĲա
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Щյ˲ͬЩ˱书вںڵĺ֡
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ĵģǷڣ𣡡
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һΣ͵ֱԺ
ǷţЩ˿϶û˼ʲôľֱ
֪أ˶ر۾ǰһķУһƬ


196 ɳݵ
еʱҳһǺĪġ
ŹĴڣͻԴ˲мһˡ
ɵĴڣͻܵ˵ڣ񲻹֡
һ죬ͻȻ֣㲻ڵĶͻȻˣ߸֪ͻһ߱һϵͽ
µĺǺϣΪһĵطʱĽپ֤
Щ¼ĺСͷӡߡɽǲţǸ˼ѧϰգȻпڷԡ
ֵķɣ߸ǵ֪
ԴĹȦǻİɣ
Ҳܷɣ
˵ܺͷ湵ͨƭ֣ŪյģƭһҿŪԺҿ㶥Ūҵ׶Ȼˢû˷Դ浱Ȧ
㻹ͺͷȻͷܿˡ
ЩԴ˱۷ˣһ̣û˵ûг֣е˶շ˵ĻĬĬŷɽİľ
ͺӢäӢ裬ʲôȷʵܺڿԻԺĺ
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˵Ժ󣬻Ԫվ𣬶Ǹɽͷգɨգ󡣡

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Զ˭һλǿ磬λɷˣԼҲܻ٤޺ʲôĸɸɰɡ
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ǿ˵ֵӣǿ˵ʲô𣿡Ԫһ䡣
Ʒɺ˵ͷ˵ˣ˵׼ҵˣЩʿ˵ˣɳʰֵģ
ԪһҪ˵ͻȻԺ洫Ĵɣһԣؾ󡣡


197 ĶԼ
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ȻԼˣǻȥ˵ʲôɡ
ؾߣԪ룬ԼҪҲᴫͺˣֱȴ绰㣬·Χڣ˭òţֱһˡ
ϣһҪȵԲòźá
һ·˲ؾǰȺԼ
Ԫ浽ˣɣҽǸһ£Ǹɲ򵥡
β򵥣
ֽ߲ħ̵Ľ֮һ
ĻԪʱ󾪣ħ̣Ǻεʵ
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֮а˴ţֱǷšС׷šСšСšСȭšСšСź̫ţֻµĵӣ˸ƽϵ໥ܶʱἲûɣƽյ鶼˴ڴ
Ϊζʱûɣ
ἵɲô׳ģɴǧ꣬һҲͳĸɣΪ뵱ɣȱڹﵽڣҪѧɵоἰ˸Ű˸ɣᲢã118·ôѧģɣ޷Ρ
˵ЩԪ浹һѧ118·Ͱ˸ͬ书ѾһݵˣԼȡѧϰԪ˭ѧô书
ԪԾЦЦôųƵģʵϣѧ118·ģֻἵĿʦѣɣѧʮ־͵ˣɵҪҲҪѧʮ·ﵽһ룬ϸ񡣡
ּἰ˸ţضڵĸֻ֣һΪҲħ̵١
һڵɣ˸ڵţԪһ˽⣬ɣȷʵǸްˡ
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ÿڶ飬Ԫ涼кܴȤһԲĵ˵
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ȻѪħɱˣΪԼвģɴ˿ɼɵʵʱʮҲǰġ
ԪΧʮ˶˭ȴ̸ܶ⣬ԴһεˣἾûɣʮǰֳһɣΪΧ˵ˣ֮ضҲһֱûлˡ
˵Щ˶ԻԪἵ˼Ȼ鷳;б⣬ܻܿԴһлСΪϡ
Ԫ˵ͷȻ̽ŵ֪Ͽɷ񡭡
˰֣⻹УǷòҪڴĳֵһ죬һ죬ǵĹͷˡ
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һĻԪ̲סߣ첲ӵľԣջסˣô˵൱ˣԼǲҪΪá
ôŻסԪҲģ̲סϾ˵ţó־ܽƶɮ
Ȼ
Цеģһ޺ı飬޵ĻԪѹ
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ҡͷûѻԪ
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ԪٺһЦƶɮţҸһɨ㻹ˣʨӺִؼ㻹ˡ
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Ҳ̵ĽͬպãҲúͻԪ˼
ϣΪӦζԸɣѾˡ
ıƣͲóˣǷԼ취ɡ
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ɨѣؾȥ߱ߵ뵱ıضʱΪ˵ⷬɡ
һҪĻԪƿԡ
ԭϺлǳأȥǶϹ֣ɽûٱԼвãʱƴ˳ԼĶС
϶ˣԪεߣԸἵİ취
ˣһĵӣҲɣпһڵš
ҲôöԸģҶԷм˻
ȥԪ滹Ǿýӥȥ
û뵽ոɽӥûжãԪ;ط֣ʿִɱ
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Ԫ뵽㣬ǺпǱȥģ
Բǵóѣ


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ǸܵͷʱѾˡ
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צһץһ˾Դҡ
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199 װɹ
ɽԪٶ㣬žһ·̵Ҫ졣
Ԫ׼ֱȥˣΪķ̶ȸ֮ϡ
ҲܽЩɵصʿĸԶһ㡣
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ἵصʿǵõϢӵǷһ·׷ϣ·;֮ϲϴȷǸйȥã˷ܡ
ڰ·Ͻãõ˳˷ˡ
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˵ԼӦѡһұȽƧٵģǻԪƫƫ֮һҿջ
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ϴʱԪų·ȻٴδͷкС
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ȥ̵ĻȥǮׯܷǸļ۸Ҳرߡ
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С룬үı㹻ãСĽⱦ͵߶ӵҲУλϲ챦ģڹУǲͷˣүҲ󷽣Ǯգ۾
үӡСĻԪ΢΢һ


200 ĺδ
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˲Լκõģ֮Լ㲦Ҳ֪ôʱȥˣôˡ
ԪҲǱԼýӥͻģҲ֪Ρ
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ۿ㲻ȥˣԪֻεĽݹĺδ꣬ҲвѵĿԣһ飬ֻΪжһЩͻصȥˡ
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Ľݹˣû飬¾Ҫˡ
У㲻ܰײҡ
Ľ˵ţͷ˿ȻԻԪϿҵ·ߵĲݶһ㣬׷ҡ
˵ţҲɻԪ治ӦĽֱԪ֣һͷ·ߵĲݡ
˲ݣֱһ䴦ĽɿԪ֡
ʱŮˣһ㶼Ƿǳֵģйӵ飬Ȼ³ºҲò˼Ľȴ󷽣˿ûоò˼
Ȼ˵ԪҲͲ˵ʲôջƺа
С⸱磬Ӧýʲô
Ľ굽˽䣬еͻԪ˵־òԡ
ͽһӰɡ
ӣأ
Ԫ档
⻹磬Ԫһ˵Լ֣ţ׼־Ͷˣһǰйɽ£ǶѾʲôˣֻ֪һ
Ԫ桭ֻ׼𣿡
ǵġ
ðɣԪ棬עһ棬мңǽһҪȥҵֵһ¡
ΪʲôҪֵ
ǲ˰㻹ײ˼أеʹղߵļûء
˵ĽƺָָԼǰ̧һ룬վǷˣɫ΢΢졣
ԭһƺܵȻŮӣҲв˼ʱ
Ԫ⿴˿ֵֻϹȻˣŮӣ󶼱Žһʿ
Ǹأ
ղˣ֪ȥˡ
ͷң
һͷĶʮŮӣһӢЩյζһ֣ĸŮ̷ɢѰҡ
ĽһһŮˣʱ󼱣˻ˣˣղҪײңϳ㣬ʱ䣬Ȼ˦ˣԪ棬취
ƽʱŵĽôԪ淴ͦȤĽҰ˦ǣɲپˡ
ĽԪĻתתͻȻ˻ԪǰҲͬ⣬ǽˡ
ĽͻȻָǸģԪﾹȻòãѾͷʵĵĺܣ϶뵽ʲôԼ顣


201 عɰ
ŮӼţĽ귴ǲˣӯߵ˻Ԫ£һûԪϵľٶ
۵С˳䣬¶ϸֱۣһ㵤˵ҫۡ
Ľݹǣ
ʱǸŮýţ۹һɨÿĽͻԪڽ˹
Ľ걳ŴˣڻԪǰصԪ棬㣬ǧҪʧ궼㡣
ᣬȴͬǧشûĻԪͷ
ѾͷҪʲôŮ־عɰ׵չָԼ˵ǰ
Ԫ濴ˣĸŮҲˣԪǶģֻŮ˲ɫ࣬ƺѾڱߵ״̬ԪףѾͷԼ
ŮƺаνļˣԪգգ۾ͻȻĽ֣ѽĽݹǱʲôô˺أ
˵ԪͻȻкݵƹ񣺡ƹģûҩƣµֱ۱ˣ㿴ﶼˡ
ߺţԪ滹ͼĽȥ˿ӡ
ʵƹĸأĽ겻ֻ֪һ侲ȻСѾͷ˲ɫ࣬ԪĶˡ
Ľˣ׿ŮعɰûԪ濴һ밵ΪԪĽУһˡ
Ȼʲôˣǻˣһ۸ԼĻˣΪ˱ˣһǳֶҲûʲô˵ġ
߾ǻԪĺ˺ܴãĽãʹûԪ濴ˣҲûʲôĽ걾ͲŤˣҶԷǸҲʲô⡣
Ԫ澹Ȼ뽫Լعɰȥ˿Ľܲˡ
ü˫¶ţĽקԼָ֣ŻԪıӣ˵
ˣǸŮȴҪͷˣǻԪ۲쵽˵ŭѾתƵĽϣԼƺûʲôˡ
ĽҪŮˣȻøɵСƣֱ޳֮Ц֮
Ůȳʣ
Ľ֪ãԪʧˣһﵹһңŪԼѿȻޣڲǶԸԪʱˡ
Ѹٵ䣬ͷһֻǸŮ⣬ˣʲôƹġ
ףмˣԪ˳ںʲôף˵Լϵġ
ԼϵˣŮҲϵˡ
ѾûԼ͵ĻˣŮһȻһ˹
ĽԱһ㣬һһͻȻ֣˴һ
Ԫע⵽ԭĽһΧ
Ľľ磬ӦںԲŮӵ书ԶԶûĹԼһ𣬶ܸоܴѹҪʱʱСĲԻ
鷳ŮˣҲһԲսʤĽҲǲס
˷ɿؽּǸŮӿòĽ꣬󺰵Ľ
ѰĽļŮ׷׳˹
Ľɫ԰ף֪⼸ŮһԼǵֿ˵ġ
عͷЩԹؿ˻ԪһۣкԼ
ǼŮӳ˽ĽȻǸͷŮĽ꣬λܣ
ĽеҺ߾ˡ
ʶʱ񣬿ʶʱķݶϣ·ǻܵƤ֮ġ
ͷŮ˵Ժһ֣ߵļŮ˹жһһҵߵĽߣ漴Ľе˹ȥȻһץסĽһֻ֣ҷƺҪĽĸ첲Ťȥ
ĽüĶͷϾȻкˮ˲£Ȼ֪ЩŮ˵Ŀֲֶεġ
ŭʹŮ˥ϣλǷְɣ
Ԫ治֪ʲôʱĽ˫һ죬ץסҪĽ궯ֵŮӣһ̵ײײ˳ȥ
ĽԤ֮еʹûе۾ͷ˻Ԫ档
Ľû˵۾ˮӯӯôؿŻԪ棬ƺղűȵ˲Լ
ԪһѾ֪ˣĽӵʱ򣬾Ĺ߷޵ʱֵȻı飬ܹǿҵ׷кͱ
ŮӱԪһ¾˦һߣϴ󾪣ʲô֮
ͷŮӳʲôˣ
ʮˣҪЩȣ˵ͲҪôˡ
˵ʲôʦŶʮꡣ
ԱߵһŮվΪͷŮ˱绤һ䡣
Ҿ˵ʹŮ˥ϣ濴λŮʩŮʦŶʮꡣ
ͷŮɫ࣬ԪĻֽһնɱĳ嶯ǸӲ򵥣³ç
˭ĽǱҪߡ
ĽݹҵѣѣҵΪǣǴ
һ̣Ԫն
Ľƺһ£û뵽Ԫ˵Լѡ
ԼŴʩչĹŴʧЧԼЩˣԼпǣ͵ùԼ޲ˡ
˵ԼѣĽͻȻоůůģԭɮ˵Ŀǰӡ
ȻִǾ͹ֲˣ
ѳϢĴӻԪԱߴ˹ϲǸղűԪ˵Ķˡ
Ԫ涯Ҳû˫һ֣͵һģ˫ĽѾֽӦϡ
ͷŮһҲ˫ͬߣֱ̻Ԫؿڡ
Ԫʩչ÷׮ڷ֮㼸£㿪˫ȻѸٿס˫һѹô˶Ů⳯£͵طһġ
˾澭ǿ壬Ԫٶȴﵽһߵĳ̶ȣ⼸¶磬Ůղסб˫֡
ۣۣ
ֱû棬ֻལ¶档
ʱǸͷŮڳ֣һֱ̻Ԫʺٶ죡
֪Ӳ򵥣ûóȻ֣һ׼ã׼˶ԸԼ£ץס˲Ļᣬϳ֡
Ϊ˾޴ɶˣû뵽ԷһͷԼһŴ

Ȼл䣬ͷŮӵĽûд̽ȥֺ
ͷ
ŮӾһܽͷ̶ȣûиʮģĪǰǸ˷豹Ϲﲻɣ
ͷŮŵĳˣΪԷʹɱ֣û뵽ͷסԼһ֮󣬾ȻһĽֱ꣬Ӵ
ͷŮӲʵ׷棬˶Ѿټ
ߣʲôʦãһˣĽȻҵôǿİ֣ѪħͼֳĺǾĲˣҪȥʦ
ŮȻܣǻԪֺзִ磬Ƕûˣһ뿪˲ݡ
뿪ˣĽͻԪӲݺĵ¶ͷ
⼸Ů׷Һÿܴ࣬ǣΪʲôѵһ£Ľ곤س˿һ˿Թ
Ԫ濴˿Ľ꣺ҲѵǣͬҲѵһ


202 Ľת
˻ԪĻĽһ£ѵҸʲô
ңѾˣ֪УΪβȣѵһ㱻Ӷɣ
ĽЩСίԼ̬ȸʾˣֻԼĹЧѡ
Ľݹ㻹ǸСŮӣѧϰĹȴԴγԼʲôִڷȴ˱ģ³ˣϣѧĶ㡣
Ľ㶵ؿŻԪ棬˿̵ĺУͷȫһѹӣȴĳȰԼĸо
ֻһͷĸı䣬͸˴һֵħ
Ǵ˻ˣͷôһʲôأ
ӦǷǳ˵һӰɡ
ţĽͻȻЩò˼˼ǺУԼô仹أ
ĽЩģԪ֪ѾͷˣԼղ˵һҲûȥ
ɴԪҲˣԼڵݲǷɣһôʲô
¿ԲܣղǸͷŮӵɲܲܡ
ĽݹղǸ˵ʲôѪħͼֳô£
Ľԥһ£˵ȴôҲԪ˼ڵ֪𣿡

Ԫһ£ͻȻǲǰǰħĴ֮һ
ǰЩӣС֣Ź׷ɱӵɽԼȣΪ˱Լ֮ţ˵Ѫħͼ顣
ǰԼһѧصһص㣬һŵͼ
ͼǵΣǾŷݵ书ؼ
֮ͼΪŷݣԼµľŴֱܡ
Ŵֱ֣ݷ磬ҽƣɮˣԼ誣׻ʥħ
׻ͱʥħͬɮ֮еĲˣʮǰɽϱΧп򡢿շλɮڵϣаõĽ㰲
׻ħһս֮ɥ˶ӴܣǱʮꡣ
׻ħѪħͼֱ䵽˻޼ɺ͹
ֱɱѪħͼѾɽˡ
ѪħͼԭУв˺ݷ綼ֹˣʣˣֱơɮᡢ誣ˡ
ЩǻԪĿǰ֪ȫĽԼˣԪ͵ؾ뵽˵СԼ˵Ļ
˻ԪĻشĽ˵ͷǵģǰǰǰЩӳɽ֮ɴսһɱʮˣŲһƽ³սӢۣ˭ʤͽѪħͼϡ
˾Ȼ˿
ûǰͱΪΪ¶Ƿ˵ģγ֣˵ɲ⣬ʮ֣˵ħ̷Ҳ佻֣Ƕˡ
ĿҲˣ
ԪľˣĿأ֮еĺ֣ȻҲĶ֣ɼӦڵľ硣
ҲΪѪħͼˣ
ֻǸʦģҪֵʦҡ
ʦλ
ĽͻȻڿЦ׻ţεĻԪ涼еۻﰵŮ֮ı֣Եߵˡ
Ԫǿ治ɫ磬ԿȻѾ˼ҵɫ𺳣ϾԲһǰ㡣
һλԪԩĽˣղŵһЦȷʵǷģްαǾˣ΢Цˡ
ĽҲ޲Цص㻹Ƿɣʦﶼ֪治֪λ켣ģ
ԪȻ˵ԼǴԽʿڽֻ֪࣬ǴҾþɽ䷢Ϊɮ£ֲǲ֪дĺˡ
ŻԪĻĽϵЦʧˣЩ޺޵صǻˣʫ˼ңĪӣ˼춹죬ó
ԪһЦĽݹļá
ߣԶǡ
Ľ꽿ģһԵ÷ɰԪҲЩů⣬ʹû˼죬ҲȷʵһĿ顣
һЦ⣬һ˾Ȼû˵
ԪͻȻѽˣ㻹û˵ʦ˭
ĽҲ͵Ϸ̣Լôˣ
㣬˵˵ģ˸ɣʦֽǻСʦ㣬ĺˡ
ڰ֣ԪҲжţû뵽ȻĽʦ
ʦȻǰô϶аնԸˡ
õı»ԪǼʶģڵĴ֣ûԲ֮ǰҲ˶٣ĽرҲ
ʦȻûˣ
ĽԺ˵һ䣬漴ֵʦ˵ˣǰ֮ǰħͷôöԸ
Ԫ˵ͷôöԸҲ
ҲգѾ³ˣҲ»ڳһϷʱ򣬺ܶ཭ʿѾǰ˶׼Ѫħͼء
Ԫ̾һ䣬Ȼ׼뿪
ĽͻȻԪ棬㲻ߡ
Ϊβߣ
ˣһϸղЩô죿㱣Ұɡ
ĽĻԪҡҡͷҳڵ壬ѾһΣҲҵҪһֱ㣿
Ľ겻˵صǷŲ˵˰ﵽףͷ͵ܰ;ϣȻѾңǾҪҸ𣡡
ԪƺҪھܾĽŵʲô飿Ҳ£˵˵Ҫʲôҿܲܰ㣬ܰãȰˣҲˡ
Ԫ治мЦЦĽݹĪҪ˵ˣװΪַչ֮£ﲻҵġ
㲻˵ô֪Ұﲻ㣿
Ǻðɣ˵ҲãҪһ֣ҲҪʮ򡭡ʮӵĴ£ܰæ
ʮҲǺܶࡣ
ĽһΪʲô£ԭûǮˡ
ôĽݹǮǮҵʮͿ㡣
Ԫ̾˾ĽóƱԼҲȥʲôү߶ˣֱӽɺĽˣֱӾָܷ㽨迪ˡ
ôôǮҲ֪ıǸʲôһʲôͭð䱦أ
ȻñˣߡĽԼıͭԪЩˣóɺĽ꿴
Ǵ֮ϣرôܵó
ĽɣסĵطﲻԶҹȥȻøҿɡ
סĵطҲԶȥ𣿡
ȥסĵطҲòǮȥҲȥ
ԪһҲǣ˵ͷʾĽ·
Ľ¶һ˿Ц⣬Լɴźã˴ӽ˳֮С


203 һɫС
ԪĽ꣬һ·ǰУһ԰Сĵط
һྻŵԺӣλһ֮ϣȻռǺܴ󣬵ڳĵطôһŵԺӣҲԺˡ
ԪվԺǰĽĺĲҵǣܶڸǶԼĲҵϾһ磬վΪɡ
ĽĻԪ滹ǱȽͬģħ֮ܳΪµһɣǵĸж٣ǵΧж
зֶ棬еӣһɵĹܡ
ʲʺ£˵
ҽɡ
ĽкŻԪ棬˽Ժӡ
Ժ֣һɴϢ
һ³ԺһȻûʢѾš
˱ǣԪһţС˼ңҼֶֻҺ׹ɴ԰СȻ
Ԫ˵ţժͷͷɷɣеˣԴе㶫ò
Ҫ
ĽͻȻһԪһ£Ҫʲô
㡭ȴͷɣ൱һԪ棬ȲҪطˡ
ԪЩɻؿ˿Ľ꣬ǻû˼ⶼν顣
ĽҲ֪ԼΪʲôҪҪ΢΢ЩΣĲɺܺãɽʱҾˡ
Ԫ΢΢һЦһЩСʫҳݣĽݹף˼䣬ɢ̣ʯԵ죬ĶЩ
Ԫ˵Ľ귴Щ˼ϾɽԼ¶˵ġ
ҲϲһܶʱҶ룬Ҫһ»һŻҾͿһϣһ̻Ϊ㣬ǶôѽϧĻʦĶд⣬ܴ񣬵ȴվʵġ
Ԫﰵ룬ҪǸ㴩Խ˵ܷˡ
ĽûмŽݣ£߶ǶĸˣͷԻԪ¶һЦһ̣·ֳΪһСŮ
һĻ䵽ԪͻȻһӳ족ʫ
뵽˾䣬Ȼ뵽ˡ治֪δȥһЦ硭
΢΢ЩĸоԪҡҡͷĽݹǲǸÿҵıˣ
һٿЩ
Ľƺûתš
ɮǣڵ¹أĽݴС㣬Ͳˡ
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Ԫε˹ȥһۣһ̲Աһ׻ȻеĻ䣬е֣Щζ
ȻоֻƺʲôطǻԪһʱҲǲˡ
ڻԪЩûʲôȤֻϣĽ㿴Լɺ˿Ǯ
Ľص֮ǰûп仨أ
˵꣬СҪȥǰɫժ
Сд̣
ԪԱһ䣬ĽϽ֣ͷϸһȻϸܵС̣Լûע⣬ǻԪѣղžͻˡ
á
Ԫ΢Цҡҡͷûעˡ
ѽˣ˵еҰ⻨۶ˣǺУ϶ļ˺ǰɣľҲġ
ԪľȻҲǲǲ˺˵飬飬˺Ͷ֪ư֪Թޣı֣顣ľû飬ʵ㲻ȻֵӾʲôԲˣĽݹﲻ𡣡
ԪûһΣĽ૵صֻǿÿѡ
ˣǿȥҴĶ
ĽԪվ԰С
ʦȥˣûлıóɣ𣿡
϶Ǻܴˡ
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ǾԪ澪ļģڵծʮծˣʣǮʱҲˣĿǰĹģˣֻҪɽҲû̫ˣôǮҲûá
Ľգգ۾Ԫ棬ĺҪˣҴʦӦˣ㲻ȥұˡ
ԪӦͻȻʲôϲȻʦˡ
䣬һŮ˽
Ԫһ˵һ
ĿǱ䵭һʮҵıɽˡ
ⲻǰû˭
û˵ͻȻ꣬˭
ʦµķһˣҺ˵ģӵǸˡ
ŶȻǺУôͷˣ
ʱ򣬻ԪʵǰãĽʦУһΧľ֡
ľѧڤצͰһޣǸڡ
ʱ򣬻ԪҲܼͷˣͷȥȻ԰ӷƶɮɽ·һ䣬ǰ
û뵽һȻʫҵĵӣѾͷɵƽϣʦɲɵ㵱زĺŮӣͺ۸𣿡
ӷŮʩԲӣƶɮĽݹ֮䣬һССˣƶɮţѾˡ
ĽҲͷѽʦһʦȹңȻҾͱɺЩץȥˣھͼʦˡ
ǾȻھǲ֪ΪʦǵʦٺǼƽϡ
Ȼ̸飬ְѻ⳶ص˻ԪϣȻȹҵӣ֮Ҳꡣ
ǲ֪հǰ˼ֵأ
ϷŪҵӣǲĺΪǰҲ۸㣬Ȼҳ裬ЩµģֻҪܽһУô¾ʹ˽ҹӲ͸Ǹˡ
ӷ𣬼ȻˣƶɮҲˡ
Ԫ滹ͲԼһжӲ£˵УǰԪΪ
Ľ껹뿪ڣ۾һɣԹԵ˿ˡ
վڶĻԪһۣûκ׵ģͻȻһ֣һֱ
ĽһֱĵؿŰһʦ־Ҳ˲ˣ־ȥء
㣬
û뵽ĽȥʱһƬҪˡ


204 ݱ¶
Ԫû뵽Ľȥ
ʵ֮󣬻ԪͲںѧϰ澭֮ԼѾȫˣ˵ܳԶࡣ
Ľ겻֪Ҳ֪Ѿͷʲô裬ȻԼȥԪһ͵ʩչŲӭȥ
˵ּͬһʱӴ
˲ڻ˵ڡ
Ԫ߶ֱӽڻ
ڻ֮УԪоƺͰõЩһһЩֵĶǶ
澭ѧɣٶ֣ԪȻûﵽȫٶ֣ڿ߶£ǽЩˡ
ĽҲӵһЩҲûʲôηɫֱӶԻԪʦҲΪҵģСʱʦʹˣֶϤĺܣû˺ġ
Ľ˵Ԫ΢΢˵ͷ
ɫȴ쳣ѿЩĵؿĽꡣ
ȻĽ궼˵ûˣΪΰ˱飿
ԪЩõĸоȴ÷ʡ
ʱһ䷽ɣֹȻҵȻ£ѵûʲôرĸо𣿡
Ԫ˫ֺʮƶɮʲôо
ɫأƣƺƻԪڵȴһЧûС
תͷĽ꣬ŪһĽҲûзӦ
ǰֵĲɣԻԪˣѾͨ˱Ŀ飬ȻͽӦɺǾɡ
˵갲ӻͳһЩƱʮȥɡ
ԪӹƱֿĽһۡ
ĽʣԺģԸ͵ȥ
Ԫ˵ͷĽ겻˵ġ
ȻɺˣԪҲͺĽǡ
ϣûд뿪ĻԪ棬ƺʲôȷĵ顣
ĽͻԪ浽ǰţͻȻԪ棬㿴Ƕ仨ήˡ
Ԫ˳ĽĿһȻǶ䱻Ľ۶ϵĻѾή
һֱߵ԰СǰĽվס˽ŲűߣĬĬؿŻԪ档
Ľת䣬Ԫ滹ЩӦֻǶĽӷĽݹƶɮ
ĽȴͻȻҡҡͷ
ܲٽͷϣһλԪ棬С
Ԫ汾ҲҪͷˣԵ˵ͷͷٴδá
ǰĺٴαǸӣĽ¶һЦݣٸһʫɣĺܺ
ĽҪ󣬻ԪҲЩΣǿԼɺˣһǷԼһԼӦС˿ɻˡ
򵥣ĽݹӸһף
ȵȣǻԪ棬һӣµķɣҵʫ䣬㻹ǲҪ˰ɡ
Ľݹʲôʫ䣿
˵һЩʫɡ
ƽʱԪǲӦҪģڼŮӵһСҪҲʲô֮Ҳơ
ŮʫǾһ׸ɡ
һ£ԪǣţǣӺŮߪ֣Ụ̄ղ£꣬Ӻǳȥӯӯһˮ䣬
ĽĿ۲˵ǽȵĹ𣿡
ǰɣĽݹˡ
ԪЩе߿ˣͷһۣĽ껹վſڣͲٿˡͻȻЩҿΪԼĸоһֱ̫ãϣ֡治֪δȥһЦ硱顣
뿪԰СԪٵķؿջ
ƱˣԪ˵Ӧûȥˣߡ
ֳϷ̨ȺΧѪħͼȻһᣬɲʱġ
ҲԼ˵õһѪħͼһѪħĵͼԶղ룬ҲĶˡ
Ԫ治֪ʲôʱ֣ڿջϢ
һֱڿջס죬¾յİԪ׼뿪ջȥߡ
Ҫȥ̽һϢûϢԼҪ׼ȥˡ
Ϊ˵³ڳ֣³ʮû֣ôù³ˡ
ǻû뿪䣬˴غȵС
ʱɫջڱȽϰԻԪĺ
ûһİװ׾ͦÿŰ
үǵûкס
ǼС˵ûкУҲû뿪ǵߡ
ԪţûгţΪѾµ˭ˣ϶ЩἵǰѰԼˡ
ȻԼ壬Ѫħͼ¸ҪһЩǲҪͻΪá
Щ˿ջһȦǲûçײȥ˷š
ջӦûеģǸмȻˣӦЩСջһЩõطӦòɵɡ
ߣôۻؿһۣкҲˡ
ôôѽܲܽÿŶ򿪿ɡ
䣬ǿȥܲܲɡ
˵ĻԪһԼİģЩ˿϶ǻ鷳ġ
æϵϣܶ
ϵˣ棬ס
Ǹûǰڶ¥ƿ¿ܿԺ˩ĵط
ףƥ˭ģ
Ԫİߴۣʿһ۾ͷˣתȥʵС
СһۣЦ˰ɣƥһλүģ˵ʲôС
ȷǺУ
ȻˣλүأôǺУ
СǵûԪ˽ţ⣬ǲⶫġ
ʿһ£λӳʲôӣ
ǳεһλӣӦĸɵӰɡ
Ƿͷͷˣ
Сһ£λүȷʵͷͷģͷˣѵǺ
ǰϾѾ˽ϣҲ˵ѣ˵ͷ
סĸ䣿
СѾʶ鲻ˣָָԪķ䡣
Ƕ˺ڵĶԻѾСˣԪ沢û˵ʲô
һصʿ˵һ䣺ȻûУˣ㷢кסǵĿջһҪ¥ǣ͡
СӦţ˷׷ȥ
ԪڷڳһЩѲԼԼֻֽܳǻɱˣñ¶
һСͿջǲˣ²ߡ
Էˣá
һЩûлԪ߳˷䣬˿ջ
ӴүҪȥѽ
ţȥߡ
ԪܵشӦһ䣬Ȼߡ
ǸСȴͻȻס˻Ԫ棺үǿջ½һŮ죬֪Ƿĳܰų𣿡


205 
ԪɲɵӣСԼǵľƣ̾ʶ˲ԡ
³Ϊƽ޹ԼȾƣǳûȺ¡
ԭҲǼһ̽ԼǲǺУʱ䣬ȴЩȥٻ
ԼˣôղŵЩ뿪϶ǰȱȥˣӦϾͻġ
Ҳδظɾ˵ʲôɺҩһĶڡ
Ԫ汾뿪ջǿΪŰĵСʵڿɶ񣬾ͣһǵľóɡ
ˣСһ
Сӹ̨һ֣óһƺݸ˻Ԫ棺ү
ԪԱùӣҲƾòá
СֻǸС͵ƣƹط˾ͻˣүȾû⡣
޷ɡ
ԪͻȻ֣һץס˵СĲӣ΢΢һС˵Ѿ޷ˣֻƴŴ졣
ƺֱӸС˰ƣԪŽſ
Сƴؿţƺ뽫³
û³ЩɢȻֱӵ˹̨档
ߣƶɮڵꡣ
Ԫ潫ƺһӣֱ߳˿ջĴš
ոճţѾв˷ɿջ߱ٶȺܿ죬Ȼǽ֡
ڻԪָ£Ѿ˿ջǰЩ˹Ԫ淭
ͿܣЩһȵ˾ǸУ׷
мʿٶȷɿ죬ظڻԪ
һԷٶȣԪ֪ãЩʿ棬ȻڣĶڣˡ
ԷԪİٶ̫죬̷ϷԾ׷
ڽֵԪİⱼۣЩڷȴԳ½ԼһڻԪǷǳġ
ƴۣҲûθӵĵط˦Է
һԪҲ˦ˣɴֱţֻҪ뿪˳ǶԷͲ׷Լİʱ˦ǣԼȫһٻ
ôһ飬ʱѾˣԪܵ˳ʱ򣬺ߵѾ˻Ԫ
ǰĳţڻرգ
߶ţ澢ƿ

Ԫ̴߶˽֣ɱַİҲ޷ԼĽ֡
Էİ䵽˽棬ûзĻ
ԪֻоһɴԼȻԼ£
ǰȻһ
ٶ̫죬ۿ˳ţԪ汻ȥȻֱӵĳ˳ǡ
Ժ󣬳ž͹ˣԪֱӸ´һɽ
ڻԪִеģ㣬ٿ񱼣ܿ뿪˳
Ԫ˫һӱϡ
һʿٶ죬ѾԼʮף
󣬻һʿţԶʿ˹
ǰǷյĳţԪ޷ˣ뿪ֻгöԷδɱسȥ
ɾ͸ɣԪûκεԥ̧־ָ˳ȥֱ׷صʿҪ
˻һ룬ʿŤԪָ㿪
Ԫ汾ûִָٵָɱ˶ԷҪֻǶֶ㣬ֻҪһ㣬ٶȾͻԼл뿪ˡ
ŵʿͳȥ˾Ѿֻˡ
ʿĳƻ彣ٽԪն
Ǿ˽ӽ˲䣬ʿֻǰӰһͷĺоȻһ³Լ״
ǴŲסˣ
ڶʿһڣһֱԪš
Ԫһ֪Ӳӣʩչ÷׮յĶ
Ǹʿ͵Լߣһ˹
Ԫ治ҺΪһʿѾ׷˻ǼڵصʿҲڽӽ֮ˡ
ǰʿҲڵʵԼ޷ܿѡ
ٹУһʿ׷˻̽͵ڶʿһйԪ档
ڵĸּл⻹ǻԪһܵô߹Ĵ
ԼڵʵʵҲһ㣬ƾ軨ı죬Կ֧һʱ䲻ܣڣԼǿ϶ûġ
һסǼڵصʿҲ׷̼սš
Ԫ˲̶ʱѾĽѪ͸
һ䣬֮ȥɣ
ԪȻ˼˵ĲأڿٵĻָԼơ
ڵһᣡ
ǼʿҲƶɮ𣬱ˣ
ԪͻȻһʨӺ˹
Ǽʿû¶һһʿЦЦһ䣬ս֮ǰ͵ˣܲʨӺͱˣ
Ԫɫ࣬ʨӺʧˣҲƺЩٵĸо
ЩʿһֱֿĻԪͻȻĳˣѽǶԪ
һˣԪ֮
ۿ˶ӽԼԪͻȻٴηʨӺ
سɷ𣡡
ЩʿΪ⣬û뵽εʨӺ𣬾ȻԺ֮ģ
Ϊ˷ԪʨӺǶʱ׼նģʨӺ𷢻Ӳ취ҲȷʵУʼʱɹ˻ԪʨӺ
һΣʨӺȻûо䣬ֱӾԺը죡
ѽãֹ
⼸ʿҲ־ᶨ֮ˣȻԪʨӺԺѣȴų
ֻٶȺ͸ղžͲͬˡ
Ԫ濴׼ԷһĻᣬ̷˰ΧȦ
λԵټɣ
ԪһΧȦ˵һέɽṦڣ֮׷Լûмˡ
ԪΧȦ֮η۵糸Զȥ⼸ʿӲûˡ
ͺ¿ƶ°ɣ
Ǹͷصʿһ䣬¶һˮϸͲӣȫ۴СĿ׶
ʦ֣Ⱪ滨Ҳã
ﻹܹܵô࣡ͺ¿ɣ
ϵԥšһͲӣһϸܸһ˳ȥǵصԪȥ
ϢܼԪоʱѾǶˣתҲˡ
ֻӲתڿʩչһ´Ųơ
˻һЩ滨нס
оŲ飬ӦжˣǻԪȴûʱ˹ƶ
ļʿѾɿ׷
һ䣡ܲˣܵԽ죬Խ죡
Ԫļʿ±뾡ҵƶĵط
ʲôطȫأ
ţһ¸ߴɵΧǽǰΧǽ滹лǺӣԪ۾һ붼룬ɿԽǺӣһԾ𣬵˰ٴʩչŲƣ£ɵгǵΧǽˡ


206 Ͻ֮
Ԫ淭ǺӣԽǿȳǽĸǽѾ㿪˺˵׷ɱ
ΪЩʿǽԵԥˣƺڿǲҪ׷ȥ
ͷصʿ׷ˣҵı滨룬Ѿ˶ˣòҪȥǽ졣
ЩʿȻ׷ȴҲûȥڻǺεš
Ԫû˼ǣһ³ǽҵĵˡ
澭ƶָƣԪϻд󻹵С̷һСԼʱϵѾõòˣֻ·滹ЩѪ
ĿΧԼѾǽ˻ʹˡ
ڵλãӦǺЩŮ̫ǵľ
˻ʹԪҲûȥʵǾסĵطԼӦܵʹһͷȻ뿪ǡ
Źص·ԪСȥ
·ϲʱл߹ԪҲ񱼣ﰵ죬ѵʱ̶˵Ľ䱸ɭϲɣ
һζ·һԺӣɶоѲߣԪ濴Χûʲô壬ֻһԾԺʱһ¡
ǽԺӺһϤĸо
̴ζľ°ĸо
ڹо
ԪЩ棬ĵԺмȥ̴ζľǴҪġ
ߵľͣ˵
һ¾ߵģһԪ̾˳˵ˣȻ޿
ԺӣΣľ
壬޿ãľҲ츳ͼɵġ
һߵľ㶼ôõģûʱƽľɣļɡ
ԲӣȻ޿֪ɸôգ޿Ժлᣬ޿һȥһ˺ϣȥһ£Ǹɵľ޿ƽ壬Ƿʱ޿ƲǸµģһ·ǶǸľ֮޿뵱ʱͳˡ
£
ûǧȷ
պӦȥҸԺҲˡ
޿˵µʦ¶˼ȷ𣿡
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˵ֵ⹬Ҳ˵ô˿ȻڹУȡѪħͼģҹʹлᣬڲʱн͵͵ûʹʲôطˣ
޿Բûǻʼҵһ֣ȻЩСˡ
ߵȻϰ䣬ǲǽˣʲôҶԸˣҲûаգοҹƽĽ˲٣ҶǾ֣ѾЩܶԸˣֻܿеĲˡ
ߵĻԪһֲЩʿû׷ֲûʹ䱸ɭϣԭȻҹѡֻʹȻǹ񣬵Ϊ֮
ôܿҲһЩҲĻʹǹֵˡ
ڵӦҲǸ̸֣ƺںǿ˿ⶼǲ壬ԭʼһȸڡ
ԪСˣȻ߹ܸߣԼṦҲǰ׸ģС֮£Ӧ÷ֲԼ
ոͻȻ֮һˮش˻Ԫ·ϡ
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ˮһ䵽˵һôһ΢ı仯ڵͻȻȻ˽ˣȻˣ浱Ϸ򲻴ˡ
˵ǻԪоûƶɻ䣬һָͻȻƴ
һгļΪ⣬û뵽λֱָƴŴˡ
Ԫ漱ʩչ÷׮ָ·ӹԼ·һɫӡǡ
Ҳָ
ָûдлԪ棬Ժаڷŵһˮס
ˮǹ֮õģûˮڴװˮ
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ȻߵĹǻԪҲˮɢڸǣһԾԱߵ᷿֮
߸ոԾ߾ͳ˳
ˮ׵ɢڸ˻ԪϷ߲ȷԷںδԺмĴ
Ԫſ᷿֮Ϣ
ʵҲһߣʮͣϴ಼Ĺӣһ㿴ǻʵ۵ĵܵܣЩеɮ¡
߿һȦƺҲҪϷԪһԼҪ·ˡ
ʱͻȻԶ̶ߵע
ƺһ˵ĿЦԶһ֪ߡ
ԪһͷӦǴѪħͼڰˡ
ԼеĻĿشﵽˣἵصʿˣǮҲˣһĿ꣬ԪҲʶʶѪħͼ
Ǳ̶ͭǱĽˣſĴЦԺڵЩ岻
Ϸ֪ǽˣҲΪѪħͼϷȰһ䣬ȥȻһ³Ǹµ³
סˣͭķȥ
ԪûпٸںĵǱǰС
ִ棬Լκϻһ㣬źƹ࣬սȥġ
һĸ
Ρ룬ѡĵص㣬Ȼʵ۱
ȻǹֱԲ֮ҹϽ֮۵ķˡ
ԪĵǱΧѾΧ˻ʹġ
֮ǰǸߣվڻǰ棬ɫؿŴϷļˡ
Ԫ̧ͷϿ֮վĸˡ
һŹȣһ£ͷң裬۾ŪϹͺͷˡ
ˣԪҲʶġ
á
һԶûļһģһ֮ˣͬİƮƮ¹϶·
ֻƺ·һվߣһվұߡ
⻹һŵӣվǸߵĶ档
ԪһͻȷˣǸ¿Ӧþһ·Ҳ֪ûϴˣǺڲģȻ紵ɼس̶ȡ
ͷһһƵķȫûƮݵĸо
ǰͰýã˿ƮƮϢ
ȫľڴ֮Ͽˡ
˻ƣҵСĹˮģҲϷıӲСŲϷһǶץסǽϷı
Ԫ氵һڣϲģһٶ˻˼ֱǲҪ֮


207 ߰
ʹ֮£Ǹɫ࣬ǲҪ̫ˣǻʹڣ߽أҰ
¿һۣٺ٣СʹݺὭʱ̶ǻëѾͷأȻҶϷСУŲϷھʹԺ£ϷζУ
ϲ޵ⷬһɧ̫ˣҲ̫޳ˣ
Ǹ廹Ҫڷû뵽԰ͰõСѾͷǼʶʶϷļһ֤ǿ˾Ͷġ
˵Ժ󣬴˾ȻĿʼӣҪͳǸ
ͰòԼͬرͷȥϼһ޳Ѿһ˵ĵߣҪΪѪħͼһӶ࿴һ۵ġ
ǾǱͷ˲䣬ͻȻˣ
ŵΪʵһƲߣĿľֻðҽòԼֻҪǲԼˣͱɡԼֵĺûᡣ
һҲɵһٶͣ˺ܶս飬Ƕ˻˵
ֹУ˲䶨ʤǸֵ֣ĵһǱŰȥġ
һǽ·һƬͷȥ֮磬͵˰á
˲ƬŪЩǱĴ϶Լ֮ϵģƬ߳Ҳܴ󣬶Һܶ࣬ò
һǱߵİþ˱
ΪŤͷȥ԰òûеһʱ䷴ӦӦˣѾӭͷ
ΪǱضһ£һɨ
ѷɫһǲõڤצ˿ҲȫӲΣ֮С
㿪ЩƬ̻ӽǰͬʱߵӵһϣ
˵ͷ氲ҲȥƺҪл
֣ԪҲһɲһˡ
ħʮ֣Īа֮£ǿľǶʥ֮ĴҪһЩ
ʥֱǹϡħʦ棬˶˻иƺţϡʥ
˵ιĪаʦֻĪаˣҲ͸ĸĪа
˶ʮǰڣʲô˭Ҳ֪Ԫ濴ʶ;ǽڡ
Ǵ֣ܻѪħͼ֮ǰҲôƻġ
ǰոճȥ׼սţͻȻоĴһ顣
ں˰Ѩ
û뵽ɣǰħˣ㻹ΪǺһģ
Σ֮еİü㱻Ѩˣļ١
Ȼǽö񲢲ǺܺڴϻһµģѪħͼǾˣ֣һɹ֮оѪħͼķ⡣
ҴϢĻҲ֣¼ѾѰ֣ڽʹ֮ǰ˶ˣѾһ̭ս
û뵽Ȼһģ
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ĽӳŮӸˣʶĻˣ϶ڸڻʹµĽޱʹޣɱۡ
ȻŮòˣΪԼٷƣӳҲִݻż
Ѿ׼õĽټ뷢˿еİá
ƽʱòںЩͨ˵Ĺˣλ㣬ƴֵҲûȫסСȺǰм䡣
ڹλǻԪصķ档
ƬѻԪ֪Ѿ䵽˷
ûʲô漣ýӴ˽ˡ
вɵø˵ɽеһĻԺڣСĳ·ǾһƳľޣ޷ȫ
Ѫħͼ䵽У
ԪԼ˸ڣһԾϷЩûΧ£õ忸˼ϣֱԶɶݡ
ñ˾ˣڳȫЩϡ
ȷӦٴƴĹͻ棬׷Ļᡣ
ƴĹһ󣬰ߣһԷʮöæ㣬ȻֱʩչṦԶȥ
ͻֲɴŭһܣȥ׷ɱȥ׷Ǹ߰õˡ
ͷķ׷ȥȥ׷ɱԪ档
ոԾǸڴ˻ᣬݺݵһ֣ż˶ƥ򡭡
飡
ֻһһƬѹѹǶȥ
Щ󱲣Ҳ˺Ϸ򣡡
ŭһڿķ겻͸ȻЩ¡
ЩжûӰǰ䵽һϡ
䵽ϣٴηٴڿգٴڿԺ󣬹вʧˡ
ûȥͻȻһʹǧ޴һѽһ
ĵĲվȣһŵأͷһ·һ󶴣ƤѾˣڸǻջǰܡ
Լ·ŵģ겻ϴ˵ҺܶʱøҺݣأҵˣʵһˡ
Ǿôһ·Ȼһָ͸˼ڸ
һָʲôˣ
޺޵ضָˣǸźһĻ塣
ʥϵĵܵܣһָīħͷ
ŷԾīЦһҵ˭ԭƤĶϷûմ㣡
ħͷҵһָͬͬ⣡
ī֮ǰڻʹϵľٶ֮ǣƴɱ
һָҲǿѧһʱ䣬Ȼ޷ֻؿǸ˴ŰԽԽԶ


208 ˸ô?
ԪŰ÷ɱΪпܱ׷ϣû뵽ȻˣдϲŲٴμӿ˼֣ٵȥ
ܿ˻ʹĵشǻԪ淢һ⡣
ԼŰã޷Ծʹĸǽģ
һέɽٶȼԼԽʹǽҪʹôŲŰãԾȥġ
ΪڵİѾ˻״̬һƣһգıԪ濸˼ϣȻӯҲǸ
Ȼˣ¿϶ҲǲʵģڻʹҸطȲ˵
ʹȻ󣬲˵ĵطǲҡ
ԪҲ֪ʹĲãԽĵĵطԽ࣬ԽԵĵشԽ١
Űһ·ܣԪ˻ʹ
ŮԶ߹һŵһźӣӦǸʲôͶ߻˵
ԪŰöص˹ȥ
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ѰһȦģиɾĲƥ
ԪĿ䵽˰õȹ֮ϡ
ǷǳɾģԪоǰһ֢
Ȼˣ·ѪۣǲеķˣȹӣһӦûǸɾġ
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ԪͷãȻƶɮ˳ͲܿȥҲʵ˵Ĳǵط³ˡ
˵Ԫ汦һһ黹ɾȹͱ


209 Ů϶ֿ
ԪӽõȹһС֮ȥղ֣滹ɾĲ֡
￴˿鲼ƺСһЩ
ưõҲָػиȺ˳ȵصӦǺ󱳺ǰƣطҪһ鲼ƣ㲻
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һƬѪģԪýõĺ·ȫƬ˺
ɫ˿ǰƵ˺棬ǰõĶǶ˿
ýһ˿ѣõ¶˻Ԫǰ
ԪûȥעǽĿ䵽Ǹ˿ϡ
һȭͷ˿ڼĴΧѾƬĺס
ȡˮС˿ΧϴЩѪȫһСƬá
һ˿￴һЩǻԪֻ֪Ǳġ
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Ϊ󱳵ȫȥˣҪֻȥȻһˡ
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ȥ䣬Ԫһɫ㣬ƿ˰ǰ·
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飬ԪŪͷ󺹡
ԺǳԺȻɱؿˣԼһΪ˾ˣȻûκεа
ɻˣԪ㣬һͯӹʱʱ̿ԼԼʱɣȷʵòˡ
׻˵ҽЩҽͿȫЩ顣
ԪһĿ˷ħû°ãȻоڵͯӹԾʽ
ѵ˷һЩѵ飬ܹľ
ȷʵľˣҲͨˣͯӹǸոսڣһ˾޴ȻԼظܵ˺ԲıԵ
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ٿãϸСΧϸСĶֿ㣬ԪҲûκͷ˴ľһջ޷ӰԼˡ
ȻϸСΧͶֿȥԼЩӦġ
˰ߣԪɵľͽһȥȻҩ
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˵ѣҲûȫѣֻǰһԼæʲôʹĸоԼġ
ûûȫѣΪԼſڣһ΢ĺ˭
Ԫ濴õĻ״̬Ϊ˲ӰԼ̴߷ԺĹȦںڰ֮ͬλãߵ˰ǰ̧ؽƤϣˡ
ԭΡ÷΢ૣٴλ˯ȥ


210 ֮
ȥһϺҩϣԪ泤һ
ȡˮõӲϴһ飬Ԫ߶ظͺס
ʹļᣬõغƽȴ΢Ĳ
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ԪֻнԼϣȻʱþȡů
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Ԫɴཫ𣬷ŵԼϣһֻ䲱ȻԼ￪ʼȻͻᱻкĸо
һһһҹԪڻӶؽ״̬
ȻûзԺļ٣Ҳų̂ļ٣һεЧҲԼľԺƺҲоһЩ
ԼܽͯӹԲô̫شˡ
ǳսһӣٺڴ־սҲǲˡ
߾쾳һ󲽣ԲͻƣԼͽΪǿߣƾԼĸ־ʽѾĺЩаֿˣϲͶȡɵķʽ
һ㣬ǾͯӹֽӽˣԼյ֮һҲɵġ
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Ԫһϲã˹Ȼǿ֮


211 
ʹڷһƺûзָֻ򡭡乬˻رܵĽأ˿ǰ
Ϊˣ˲ŵﰲȵĴ
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ȵҲѩˮԵĶûˣԪ治óȻ뿪һǵİãԼȥһ֣ô뿪ˡ
ҿ˹򶼲һʱ䲻ԶҲû⣬һˮάȥˡ
죬õǺһ㣬ֻСˣ׺ת֮ǰóȻʹ
ΪҪĺ䣬ʱ䣬ǻԪȻ󽫰÷ŵԼϣ俿ڻУҲ֮١
ÿԻ֮Ρ
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ٴĵһ䣬ȻԪĻһ£ͬһֻСèô˯ȥ
ŻˣԪ泤̾һȫ˶ӵУȻ֮ңԼѾѡһ·
Ұõ˼ԼҲò׼пܣһָ̻Ǹɽˣʥ಻ˡ
һֻĲһְֻ΢ȣԪٴν״̬

ÿģÿˣͻȻȻ˵Ԫ滳УѾʲôŤ
ʱƣذûָԽԽã¶ʮգԪҪһλҩ˴λҩû᳢˹УԪͻȥŪһЩ·׼뿪ʹˡ
һĨΧٴδ򿪣ǰٴγڻԪǰʱ򣬰۽ͻȻ£ֹֹס
ԪҲ΢΢ҧȥİãޣûΪȴ˺ѷεĸо


212 ֿɻָ
ҹĻ٣ǿµĳڵƻɺŵľźӻƶš
ԪͰŲǣʱĸպá
ʱ򣬳żرգиڳǽǵ˶̲
һԪһֹӣҲǴɴͬһԽ£һľ治ȥ̲ˡ
µĿ˵ԭҰ࣬ǹƺů
˵ĲӺһֱĬĬǰţ˭û˵
찲תˣڵҲת˸Ȭ
Ԫһĵʹȥһװ£ڵ⣬Ǿϸѡģá
ǶʱǸ·Ĵ軹Ϸţ˵͸ôõ·Ӧ̸ۼ˰ɡ
ƾɿڲŹˣһӢҲˮƯûܺʹϻô¶㶼·ˣҲͲˡ
⻹оɴˣ֮ڸҲȥ鷳
ðû·˾뿪˻ʹ
뿪ʱ򣬰վ乬ǰãԪҲվã乬ǾĵطҲһֵûĳ
ƾԪľʮյˣҲ޷ʱ̡
ĳ棬Զ޷ƣתɷҲȴμ䡣
õ˼ЩĥˣȻͬԪһ֮ٴγΪİһԲɴԺ󣬸޷͸롣
֮뿪˸·СЩòϲ⣬Ԫǲմȣ˸ԳЩ˶ӡ
Ԫ浣İ˳þܾˡ
֮ͻԪ档Ԫûܾܾ
ӳɽɽøԪţˡ
㣬͵ɣȻԯޣɽԽԽԶˡ
һֱ߳ȥʮԪڿˡ
һԲĸߣԪЩԼ˵˾ôһֱ߻ȥˡ
˻ԪĻͣ˽Ų
Ԫ㵱ɶ೤ʱˣ
÷ʣԪһ룺һ£Ͳһˡ
һˣʱҲˡ
Ԫͷһķɣʱ䲻Ǻܳɡ
СкøС
ٴ˵һ䣬Ȼĵ̾Ϣһ֪롣
СΪҾŶкøеģ簲㡭
ո˵ҡҡͷԻԪǱߵɽЩɫӦɽˣȥһɡ
ԼôԶˣԪҲþܾɽһ飬οڵĻԪ棬Ӳĳܾá
ͷӦɽ˼ΧˣͻȻһṦɡ
˵Ժ󣬰ýżأڿգһԾʮԶͬƼһľɽȥ
õṦȷʵǻԪҲǰ׸ģһέɽʩչڰõĺ棬Ҳһ·ɳۡ
һǰһɽǴɽŵĵص㡣
ӳɽ졣
˻ǰÿɴ΢΢ǰ̽γһûߣһ
Ԫ棬ô˵˵˵ӳɽɡ
ôԪ˵֮Уȴоһ㻶Ϣ
ԪҲЩأߵ˻ǰڵŹɲȺУݾ̣Ұӳɽ졣
Ԫʫ䣬òǺ⣬ӿڵǿԼǺУˡ
õ֮⣬Ԫİοǻߣ˻ȥЩԼ˵ղҲȷʵѰõ˼ڡ
ΪԪѾЩʶԼͰöѾһĹϵˡ
Ӱ²֣ڼĶĥҲЩģ䵽˺ڣϰԼӵ֮󣬻ᾭԼȻͷԼļϣÿ˯ǰĥԼռ±ʾǡ
ȻԼһֱҲиľٶ˵ļôãľͷҲ
ԪҪ밲÷ֱԼﶼܣذõֻԼ
磬ֱҲˣֱ޲·ֱĽֱÿһζһЩ꣬һΣܵġ
ԼȴûԪ治òѡ
ȻöѾ˵ˣԪҲڵ㣬𣬿£ƶɮɨԴ
ȻƺԼ㵫ǿѾԳƶɮѹݵ綼Щ
ɴƿ۾עŻԪ棬Щʣɣǵõɮ
л佱ƶɮ־ִ֣µһݡ
¶һЦݣˣ˼࣬ȴƫƫ⼲ึ
ӷ𣬰֮ˣִ˾ҲպضԲɾʹ˪ҲѸգһ˵
ԪѾԽԽ⣬ЩȻ˵ˣ˵üһЩɡ
õˮۼҧź촽ƺŬĿʲô
ˣԪҲʹϸޱϲûκε¶
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غһСӳ鶯һ£þ̧ͷŲˮŬ˵һ䡣
룬ò
лɵ㻯ˣ;ǧһ𣬼Ȼˣþʹ˸ˡ
˵꣬Ťͷߡ

ɻ£
ûлͷԪ棬ȴͣˣ΢زš
ȥɽ·;ңԶ˳ܶԶ·
˼ǣ
ȻûûлͷǻԪ͸¶žϲ
ԪûлشãĬĬٻӥ
ӥһֱԼǽ֮󣬽ӥóˣԪҲýӥɻˣҪʱԼٻ
ܿģӥ֮УٸڼʮķΧڣԪ߲ӵ顣
һ󾢷棬ӥ޴
ӥĳ֣Ҳǳȣ˾޴ӥǵһμûлͷڵȺԪشԼĻ˵ʲôҪ
˽ӥƶɮͰֱɽȥ·;Ͷ֮ࡣ
˵Ժ󣬻ԪӥĴͷ´ȽͻɽȻԼ
ӥмĴնȻٸ£ʱڰõȴϵԼı
ҲܲסԪĻ͵ػͷת£Ͷֱ˵˻ԪĻıס˲ˮʹʪ˻Ԫ½
Ԫظõĳͷ泤Ѿϣ⻬Ũܣе㡣
򴦴һʹþȻݺݺݵҧ˻ԪһڣȻ̧ͷˮ滨صôϣߣôҶ˵ɾµһôҪУǸġ
ӷ𣬰㵱ƶɮܵܰ㿴ƶɮҲһ㡣
õ۾һ˿ʹ࣬鶯ţ֣ԪļԼӡĵȴʲôû͸ҡ
֪Ҫʲôƶɮһ߾ȫ
ͻȻָһ»Ԫ촽Ҫģʯĳܸġ
˵갲¶֮ɫȻѾ
ˣԪʹȥԼǷĲ¡
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һ£һСĿٴηɡ
˫ۻסԪ棬þȫһ£ƺ뽫˾ʹ˺϶Ϊһ
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õ
ӥĴųգõԪС
ӷ𣡡
ӥԽԽߣԽԽԶ֮ȥļˣԪһš
׻ûңڻǰοˣԼӦǿһתΪϲԼҲ
۽ն˿ȴûնףź˿˰һ˿ϣҲԼһ˿ϣ
һдһжûͣԼϵͳҪ󻹺ԶԶ޷ñ֤ʲô
Ԫ滺ȥĬĬţԼĽ
¶Ķɹ˶Ϻ쳾ŬϣϵͳҪ󣬴ﵽԼ룬һ̣Ԫãˡ


213 һ
ӥȥͰˣԪԼһΣɴɽϲǰˡ
Լ߻ɽ̫ˣǵȽӥֱ;վֱӵطˡ
ȻԪó˰ԼѪħͼСĴ򿪡
ͼ˿֯ͣ쳣ͣഫ꣬ҲֻЩƶѡ
һЩͼӦǵͼȴʲôط
˿ͼıԵԪȷһŴͼüɾŷݣôһӦ½ǡ
һй·ͼ
ԪоãȷѪħµһֶ书
书ѪӰ񹦺ͻѪħƾ书ĳɾͳѪħΪµһ
ͼϵ书ҲһѪз̵ôѪ֮ϣӳͨӾ޴ɱ
ǺǿѪԴԪЩܲˡ
ѪۣҪѪУʮ˵ѪҺʮգ۳ɳѪ
ʮŸ˵ѪҺһ£Ƶɱᷭʮĸ˵ѪҺ£
ʮһ˵ѪҺݰ꣬屶Ҳ㵽Сɾ硣
⸱ͼͼص
书ͼĪ˵Ů˲һ˶ȥġ
ħͷһϰѪĵķžҪɱʮһˣһֻСɾ磬ɾأ
Ѫתȫأ
Ԫ潫ͼ۵պã书ҲգҸ䵽ҪǴͼĵͼ̫󣬻Ԫ涼ʹ˻ٵ
ǻص£оо˵
ѪħͼԪóӰõСơ
ѡϷǷ񹤾ϸӨ͸滹һ㣬ӦǰóԵʡ
Ƶıһáɷ衣
һ뵽ãԪһů⣬ŮͱԼ󣬵˼ûôӣ۴ķ潲һŮԵĵ䷶
ںܶʱ򣬲ʲô⣬ҰҲԼʮѣպгɣԼһʮ꣬һٰʮ꣬ͻҪ
һ뵽ԪͻȻһ
ôھ뵽Ժˣ
ĬĬһԪҧҧǰá
ȻˣͲҪ˰õһƬ⣬úñŰɡ
պƣԪɽĬĬ
ǵʱǻƻ裬һֱҹʱ֣ӥˡ
ȥɽϾ·;ңԶأڼʱڷأӥٶѾǷǳˡ
ɻ֮󣬽ӥֱ䵽˻ԪߣĴ³
ܽӥԪ֪õɽ
һ·֮ϣõˮûôֹסȴǱˣԼһ䣬ֿɻָᡱ޵ϣ˹δ
ΪԼһŵֻҪˮûԪʯͷġ
ʵҪƷò֮ϰõĻǲˣκȫ±Ԫ濴͸ðûѡ
ⲻҪģҪģǻԪ澡չˣ벻ô˻˸໥ˣĥԽʽһ£֮ϼףðѾ֡
Ůˣϲϱˣһϲˣ׷ͻ̮ͻ˵־ı䡣
׷ͻԪЩ޵Щ飬ϲԪҲϲһɡ
ƺҲĽᣬԪܸоԸԼǰСÿ˵𣬶
ԪΪӦò󣬻СԼûʲôȻϵѵûԼͽܻʲô۹⿴Լɣ
ֻϣԼϵͳҪ󣬸һҲԼһ
߰ɣɽ
ԪĽӥĴͷӥչڿһȦȻӻԪӹ
һԾ˽ӥıӥĴų򣬷ҡֱϡ
߷ֻӥƺһЩԼҲûгĸоˡ
ؿڵƣԪ˿˿ů쳤Хһ쳹
£һˣ

һȺʿʱס˵ǷĿջ֮УǾڳ׷ɱԪˡ
Щ죬һɵ׷ţ켫ˣһŵţˡ
˶˶ڵľ磬Ƿ
ʱ򣬶ȴЩǱ
ʦ֣˵˵»治öԸɶˣµЩȴҲôʮ˸˾ȻǶ˴⸱ģӴЩĺУҵˡ
˵ˣǸ켫ҲʹصǰЩһﵶǹ룬ֻڼӲƴȷʵƴǡ
ƽʱãǵĵǺǿÿǶֵֻʱ̫ˣ쾳ֱ֣ҵĹǿˣЩôŪ˿ֲ󷨣
⻹ȥ˹࣬ʱƴ˶ԷķأŽӵһҿǵʵսʱ򲢲࣬黹㣬Ȼ޷Żˡ
Ҫôźãҿڹյǰºˣµģһôˣһֱѽ
Щˣº̫࣬Ҹ书ûһ緶ʮΧʣʮǱٶΧڶͷˣҿѽӦǲɱĳɷ־Ӷ಻ȻЩ˶¡
ʦ֣Ҳ˵ˣ취ɡ
켫˺ˣһɡҩƲһ˵š
˶Űӣϵ࣬ʮ޺սһĽ
׷ɱԪ棬ñ滨ΪѾɱ˶ԷŻص˵Ƿ⣬Ϣһκµ鷳
Ϊû˷ɣȺףӦúܺöԸû뵽Щ룬Լ˵ɱǵķɣԷȻһŵĶûС
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켫һ˵ʦܣҿǿɣԻһַʽ
ʲôʽҹ͵Ϯ𣿡
û͵Ϯ
ʦ֣²аɣ½䱸ɭϣŴʱʱ¥ڻиרŵؿأֻҪǽȥȫ֣Ǿͻӣʱǿ϶Ǳ¶͵Ϯɡ
˵ò͵Ϯ
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켫Цһ£ţֲкɽǿ԰ҹӺɽȥǿ϶ɡ
ɽ
һ£ɽվɡ
Ϊվܳ䲻⣬ôˣѾǶʮˣ죬ǶʮʹӺɽ͵͵Ǳ룬ֻҪɱʮеһˣǵƾͰڲǾӮˣ
켫˵ĻҲ˵ͷʦֵİ취ǿ϶뵽ǻӺɽ룬ƻɹĿԺֻܴǺɽһЩͨϲȥ
޷˺ܿҵ˻ȥڶʹˣ֮ڱ֤
켫˺ٺЦһΣҪһˣ


214 ³齱ʱ䵽
ӥͬǰ㻮ʣƲ֮½
Ѿ̵ɽԪҲ
Լһֽɣ⽫δʥأ书
ӥȶ򣬻ؽ䵽ǰ档
֮Ժ洫ˡ
Ԫ죬شҲ޷شֻգҲǺԼк
ýӥǰɽЪϢԪû̻صԺɢ
ϢѾĵؽ֣ľѿʻƮ㡣
Ժһÿһʮܲ
ʮԴӼֺ󣬵ûԪ̵ѾһΪңʮ޺
ԪԺʮ˼طɣˣ
Ԫ΢ЦſʮΧ˹ǵ޺ϰôˣ
˵Ŀⶼ䵽˻һϣһֱʮ˵ķԴ
һЩεصɣӵĽ̵ʮ޺Ĳ죬ʵսȱ֮ûܸǿĴõսöԷˡ
Ŷʲô飿
Ԫڲ֪ԭԼ뿪ʱȻ¡
ɣģ죬ʮʿԳɵģ֣ˣȻǸͶ
ԪɫһЩɵļһﾹȻ˴󵨣ڳ׷ɱԼΪԼ˱滨룬ΪԼˣžȻҪԼ£ǿ벻̣ǻԼȻ޻ء
Ȼأ
ȻǾͺǶˣͷصʿͦڣһͱʮ˸סˣ֮ʣЩʿǱʦǴڵӰΧ
סڣ
ǵģڣʩչ޺󣬿ʼշɽǵ󷨹ܿͽ˴мһûŪãջȥˡ
ȥֳûɱȺǺüӣֻΪ˾ȳǵµӣԲûдɱ䣬Ȼ¾ͻȥ
۶һ䣬Ȼʮ򵹣ҵȹ˷ɵ뷽𷣡
Ԫ˼ǣʮܹڻܻʤѾԼĳˡ
⻹ϲĽˣἵʿѾ˽ˡ
Ҳһ͵޷ģֻҪٸһЩʱ䣬ϻ϶˺ϻ֮Ѿڻˡ
Ҳǳʮ޺Ҳģ˴սҲʶԼĲ㣬ԺһҪڼиˡ
ǣ뷽ɷģ
ûԼˣһüЦȫվͻԪǡ
ȵȣȥǼλʦлһǣ˵һˣԺҡ
ǡ
һ뿪ˣԪԼص˷Ժ
ƱѾˣԼҲòµһƻˡ
ûжãһ˷׷׵Ԫ󣬼æ
Ҷɡ
Ԫ滷һȦλʦܣǼλӣƶɮȥ˳ѾףʮٵƱ
˵ŻԪ潫Ʊ˳һһŵģһʮš
˷׷ϲԪأΪûǮֵĺܶƻòֹڽˣʮȻԻǷծٻһ֣Ȼһ֣΢ȼü֮ˡ
棬㽫ƱɣȳǮׯϢǧҲˣʣĲ̸֣еӻװȻļѾǴ죬ɽıѩҲڻˣ̿
ǵģ
ƱѾֵĹܼˡ
ļס㣬ΪɽҪΪоסз羰кũɭס羰ͺһҪҪɽŪķ羰Ժдá
УũĿѲ̫ƽͿˣа취
Ȼ̫׷ɵ˼ǼȻô˵ˣһصͷǡ
ɭҪԭòһ򣬲ҪƻˣƽʱϽӽɭóȻ룬Σա
һǶԼһ˵ãҲӦ˵ΣգǾһΣա
ԸˣԪѯһЩֽʱἵʿϸĽ
ǵ˼ЩἵʿȻʧˣȴûܵ˺㲻ûġ
ɷģڵڶ࣬ѾŴԺǽѲվڣ¥¥Ҳ˿أŴ㶦һ̷׼ӦԣЩʿٹ֣޿ܡ
һǻ˵ãȻԼĲҲǺĵġ
ϻԪȴҡҡͷܴ⣬˿ܻ󲻵ĵط֣߿صĵӣһҪ㹻С
룺ɣҪҪ˿أĸˣ޷ȥϵؿصӣܹ۲쵽еķ֪иڣҲûð취ġ
ⲻԡ
õĻ޼ҪҪںɽҲѲߣһе˴ӺɽأȻվǳ
ɽʱؿأмƽϡ
ûм˵Ȼ˵мƽϣǾͿ϶ûˡ
ʱһֵɴһȥʱǲ̰п쵽һˡ
ţˣ³ȥģѾĩˡ
ԣ¶ʮˡ
һĻԪͻȻ뵽Ѿ¶ʮˣô˵һ¶ʮˣҲ³齱ʱ䵽ˡ
ΪµôʱأǼʿˣ˵Ѿ˳ЩĸϾɳȥʱ̫ˡ
Ϊ
Ԫ˵һ룬ͣβŵһƶɮҪˣҪչ
ŶԭչѣǾͿˡ
һҲû׷ʣϣպ뿪֣ȥʱ䳤һʱܴһЩϢôҵǡ
һʦ˵öԣƶɮעġ
˵ҲͲˣһ˷׷ǣæԵȥˡ
һʱֽٴӭ߷壬ɽĽ裬ΪṩսҪǣҲὫԸ㣬Ȼ⣬ũ϶ĺܺãʹûǮˣҲصİˡ
һ˵οǷǳģҲֵǸйС
һ뿪Ժ󣬻Ԫر˷Ժţ֪䣬³齱Ҫˡ
ĬĮ֮̆ϣȴҹٽ
һֱʮ㣬ϵͳʾ𣺡³齱ʱ䵽Ƿȡ


215 
̨һֱȵʱ䵽
ϵͳʾ󣬻Ԫѡ˳ȡ
ת̳֣ʮѡһһ֡
ԪԵɨһۣ΢΢Щʧ
Ҳһγȡĺö̫ˣһβûиʲô̫õĽ
ϵͳĹɣһĺõĽĺ󼸸ͼ֮г֣书ѡһѡͽѡȱֵΪԡ
½ϵͳĲľѡҲˡ
ΪõʮƱԻԪûпĹעֱӵѡۿһ
﷨棬Ĵ̨ԼȡˣѡƷһһѽС硱˸һ֪һѱ
һһƣԼʮָһ֪
Ҳ»ȳһˮֽ̨ͤͤ
Ԫ뵽ǲϵͳˣΪԼҪɽͳ˺ɽõĶ
ϵͳûӦԶֵġ
ˮ̨ͤһ
˽Լɣһˮ
Ժ֮УרŵһΪ֮ã͹ͻ𻹻رʢ
ŷͽӣҲԽԽ֪ͽרؼҹ
ʵҲһͽԻڽ档
ѡһɲã󽱣˫⣬࣬
ľ棬һ˲ӣҰɽΣһɻÿٶΪꡣ
˲ΣԪмǺöÿٶ꣬һʱ䣬ͳΪǧ˲ˡ
Ҳ֪˲ⶫһǧ꣬᲻ִ˵е˲ޡ
ʹû˲ޣЩϡҩҲǺģһҪʣûа취ƿĵҩУֻҪ䷽Լ˵ʲôҲҪŪȫˣʵ̨ס
һЩصҪص츳õһ߹Լ
˲֮⣬ҲǱһһСԭ򣬳ֻӣࡣ
ӵصٶ죬ĿСע⣬һЩϸ΢飬֮ӥࡣ
СģдģγֵĴͶһֻǳˮ
ϱӻԪ㣬һ㶼׳һЩҲףٴľͺټˡ
ֻǳˮͷβ峤Ȼʮף
ݣѪڣһۼףһΪһһǹʷǰ
ͬͧһ㣬Ԫ룬ܳȡȥͽĳΪˡ
Լ˺˿ԽӽĻߣһޱȱҵġ
˲ľ飬ûԪʧһ书
һε书ûʲôöõһһŰ޺񹦵ڹؼڻԪѾûʲôôˡ
ۻһ̶ȣа޺Ҳʱ䡣ԼģΨǾ澭ĵ͵ľ񹦵°벿߾ԼŬס
ԿЩԪͲȡ书ؼˡ
ͬҲʶڷԺڣڵĳȡҲܵģ˵ĵطѡȡԴõýĻᣬǲǰٷ֮١
Ȼû̫߶˵ĶԪ;·ӣȡ󽱡
˿ʼť֮󣬿ǽƶԪһȣ׼ڵù˳ȥ
ɿתһȦȻ𽥵ؿ󽱵
λԪһ֪ЩûպãٶȻе졣
Ȼһǰţ˴ûͣǵ˳岽ĵطͣ
ԪһƷ˵Цˣ
ԻĲţûгȡ󽱣Ȼ֮ȡ˴
Լһõδˣһ书ؼڶǷ
еƷģһеʮѡڳ֣ԻԪ漴ʹ֪ʲô͵ĴҲȷʲô
һǲĲΪûкӦĽƷ
Ȼȡ˴֮ϵͳʾȡľ³齱
ûʾĲ
Ԫϣֵ书Ϊ϶һ߶ѧ
ܶ鲻ǿ󣬵õһͺܺˣһֱӸҲš
ο⻹ǲľԪҲǳ⣬ľĽҲܳ벻ĺö
ȡ˴ԪѡһһĲ鿴Ʒ
ڿ϶Ǹе͵ΣֲﻹǶ˵׼ˡ
Ȳ鿴͵Ľѻһֻ
ƷԪ治Դ¶Ūģôһξͳһѻ̫˰ɡ
ϵͳ˵ԪźһЩ
Ҫ˵ʲôлҽ޴ѻǰéġ
ֻѻص㣬ǽ޴Ԥ
Ȼѻٶûнӥô죬ҲûнӥôͣⶫԤԲȽӥܼΧӸ·Χڻûġ
ڽ޴ҲνˣԼƽʱУֻΣյʱ򣬲ܽУѵԤЧ˵ź
ѻͰѽӥųˣ·Χڽǽӥӵص򣬻Ԫ顣
˵㲻Ͼǵ͵
ŪеĽһֲ
ѩ
ѩһɽɽ̩ɽȵȵѩ֮ڣͱڵʯ֮вҵ
Ȼ⼸طѩɽ࣬ѩҲΪ
ѩҩǿҩȫҩȣСͨѪʤʪ͡ůɢȹЧʵΪһָҩ
ѩѩ֮еʥƷҩԱͨѩǿö಻˵һ쳣ǼȺĵطܳɻ
ЩǣܶһҲûܵõѩǸʲôӵģҩѾΪһִ˵
ľ棬ѩȻֻеĽ
ѩԪ뵽˰ãþںɽ֪ûмֺѩ
һ£Լܴѩһܿİɡ
ڴ˳齱Ĺؼʱ̣Ԫ滹ܽûԪԼЩΣǽ
ӣԼǶ㲻ȥһصġ
ԪĵĺܿʧˣϵͳĶ棬ֺѩ£ҲһɻģԱ߻ԶγһȺСռ䣬以棬ֻٶÿһꡣ
ûˣԪ泤һֻҪܻͺá
Ԫڴʱ̾ҪˣΪһǲľĸߵ
ѩеߵʲôأ
һ鿴Ԫ治ɿĵЦˣѹǸߵԭСӣ


216 ʥ
ԪĲ鿴һƷһΣϣûա
ֻӽ׸ߵɣڽƷʾ֡
һ첲ֱۻִֶ֣ѾǲĴˡ
˵ɵıǳӵĶʮϣһȭܽһСԶ
һڴҲǱƷˣ֮ͨɴ屶ԪţͨŶʮһͻͨɵĶʮ
⻹
ֱһֻ칬ľԳ
ԪţԼҪҪŪһϽڣŪһӻƽףԼһ˫ѥӣһӣںɽȥɡ
ͷһ֣ȻЩơ
ȡǵĺѩʱȥ޷ɻԪ̵ɽȥȻȡ
ҹɫţԪ˺ɽ
һֱߵϣԪûмǰߣЩһŪɣٺͻͲˡ
Ԫѡȡ
һֻѻȷ˳ɡؽ˼޴ĻԪ䶼Щ졣
ѻ䵽˻Ԫļϡ
Ԫ֣ѻģԴĦ˻Ԫļ£׽֮¶š
Ժ·Χ͸ӣƽʱҪУĵˣһҪУйˣҪ֪ͨң𣿡
ѻ˵ͷûмĴУھͿʼִˡ
Ԫһ̧֣ѻĳˣͺڣһ¾ʧ˺ҹ֮С
ȡѻѩֳ˻Ԫ
ЩϡҩģԪѾȥǵɽ
ضΣ汾Ҳ˺ܶҩģ⣬ʪȻҩġ
ѩ˵ضͷĹȦض
ضΧһȦҩģ廨ʲôС
Ԫ˸طѩȥ
ҵĵطһʯѩֲʯ϶֮С
ȥ֮󣬻ԪԸоѩΧ¶ѸٽͣܿͿʼ˪Ƭ̣Χͽһ˪ѩ
ѩҲۿɼٶѸţܿ˽һ
ѩһٶȾһ꣬ȻǺܿ졣
ǷѩԪﰵ̾ϵͳ棬Լ֪һб컯
ѩֲȥԪ뿪˵ضԺҲΪ
뿪ض˳Ԫһ뷨ϡҩͽֻػˡ
뵽Ԫٴȡֻɳ֡
һ󼸺Ԫߵľ޴ɳǰ
ϵͳͼϿԶԶû𺳡
ɰϸĴȣˮͰϸĸ첲һֱϥǴһɫë͹һưëν
Ȼ޳֮ͬشŴ󴸰ȭͷ˴ţɵؽȻһѱסԪ棬һ¾§ǰ
ˮװԴڻԪϲȥŪĻԪһɵëζ
ˣ
ɽԪȻ֫ŵصȥʱ𣬻ᱳ·
ѵļһԪﰵ룬صض²ôףӵһעô
ӦøֲС
Ԫ˼һ£ԴɵôԺͽʥ֪𣿡
ɽһԱߵһľԱߣȻһϣ˫ִأ໴УԪܸоһףԼ֡
ϧ̫ˣ辸ܲס£ꡱһ۶ˡ
֮һڰ֮һץסɣʮȵĴתһ£Ȼһֱֻһִֻ˸ŻԪһȻٺٵЦţЩɰҲЩˡ
ʥӽԺɽˣҪסЩطܡ
Ԫ潫ƻеũ;סȵȵطҪҴ
ص㱣ĵطǸض
ʥͷӦߴӦţҲ֪ûȥ
ûȻԪ˵꣬ʥͻȻؽһš
Ԫ濴˿򣬾Ȼѵڷﲻɲ죬ͬʱϵͳĶѵụӲ
ʥͻȻȻǸȥԪ漱æȥ
ʥЩ˳ͻԻܾ˵ľ档
ѿ϶ᱻʥժƻʥҲԶ㲻ĹҲҪˡ
ǸһζԪ淢ֲˣʥûͣһݴԺš
ԪݴһһɫƤë֣̾˴ʥеԭ
ԭǴƣţϻֻϻϵͳȻʥĵӡ
һֻ޴ɳǰҲ֪ʲôſںţҲڶԴʥʾ
ԪϽ֪ͨʥϻѣԲܹ
ҲʶԪ棬ϴҧˣǻԪԼҲԪĻشӲݴ߳˻Ԫߡ
ԪôʥҲ˹ǿֻһһǱ˴Ϥһ£ʡԺܡ
ҪǴˣҲǴʥĶ֣ϾϵͳĶԶͬı̬ɸǱ̬еĴ
òײֻദԪŷ¡
صԺڣԪ滹ͨѻ۾۲һ´ʥ
Ȼһǲ׵ģͰѿصضԺܵЩˣ
˴ʥһҲϵͳ˴˶иӦԲᷢս֮顣
ԪЦ£صضΣʥʤˣԼҪС
˴ʥ֮󣬺ɽķǴǿ
䱻˷ЧǴʥһ
ԪܸоһսʵԸ߳һڣʹ޲¡̶ֳȣɱʱҲδǴʥĶ֡
Լܸһ䱸׺Ԫ뿴ܲܺڵĸֹС
൱İٱͨޱȿֲģԼ߲ҲͺӤˡ
æЩ飬ѾˣԪ滹û˯⡣
ȥѪħͼȻӦӦԡ
뵽Ԫ뿪˷Ժؾȥ
˲ؾǰɨأԪ΢΢ص˵ͷȻɨѽ˲ؾ
Ԫں˽ȥ
ڣҵطˡ
ûȻԪȿ˵˵ˣȻɫƺ˼һγ֮УӦϲˡ
Ԫûش⣬ϼһһٶ̫꣬Ҳ̫ϵˣ˵ˣ˵ֱʲô
Ѫħͼ˳ݸԪ뿴Ѫħͼ
ҲЩȣӹѪħͼûд򿪣ȴͻȻ¶һ˿Ц⣺ɣҩʮ꣬ζУŲͼһɵ㣬ɲǴŮİɣ
Ԫ淭һ°ۣϺУ㿴ͼݾȮ


217 Ϻɽ
Ԫû仰ЦЦҲû׷ʣǴѪħͼһ
֮ɫҲЩء
ɣ˹̫аá
Ϸģƶɮ˵аʳϣҪ£һǳܸܲͼͼƶϳʲôλãŲͼûŵıҪ
ϸ˿ҡҡͷͼʱ޷ֱģҲܿţһţû취κͷ
Ԫ˵ͷǳΪͼǷҪţ
⻹˵š
ΪΣ
ԻԪĲµģûôͼĹؼҪôûдͼҲܹͼܾܿѰҶҪƷ񹦷ɣپۼȫѪħͼ󣬿ϵͬһǰͼеĵص㣬ȡԾִ󻼡
˵ͼΪպ𶡲ã
ǵģмǴͼܱ˷֣һ֮аضѪȷ硣
ֵպȡѰѪħͼһĲͼһΣա
˵Ԫͷǡ
治⣬ԼԺһ֮󣬼ܱƻܸƷá
Щ˵ˣԪ潫ͼҪȥ
ͻȻֵ˵һ䣬ʱͦģֻĻ̫ˣյţȻգҲûˡ
Ԫһ£վſûлͷ˵ϣҵ㲻һ
ȷʵҲһѾˣΪΥĶв˳Ȼĺá
Ԫվһǳһллˣļԣƶɮ֪ˡ
˵Ժ󣬻Ԫ뿪˲ؾ󣬲졣

ʦܣ˶𣿡
¶ʮյҹʱ֣켫վڵǷջǰԱ߸ոջˡ
ʦַĶˣһʮ֣ʮԲѾǵ˼Ͻڶʹҵȫˣ˹
ãε˲࣬ҶǾֺɽû⣬ֻҪĵ£䲻⣬䲻һιп϶ܻɱԷˣʮ˸˾ֵҪսֻҪɱǻսʱˣƾҶ˵书ɱķԲˡ
ⶼʦĺüƻֻҪ˵£صڶʹǾͿҲòǣɹˣصڣʦһʦڴ˴¼֮еĴ󹦡
켫Щ⣬ϻǫţͲһ˵õģɽ֮ʵʵ˵ˡ
ֵʦ֣ôҲҪСһЩǣϾеľ£Ϊ˴ЩˣռҪˣĺܶʿؽģǿɲʧܰ
ȻʧܣµĺҲ벻ǻҹӺɽɽģʦܷľˣοջǮҵˣǹϵҲ󡣡
ʦ֣棬Ҷ˵µӣʧأɽǵӿɲùˣ׷źҵҪΪἰ֮еĵ׻ˡ
ʦܣ̫ˣֻҶ֪Щ˵ڻ֪Ҫȥʲôأµ˲֪ġ
˵˵ͷӦ޷Ŷԣֺв֪ԼһļƻԳɹĿԼ
ƾԼ˺ʮ֣˵׼ڵһоͳɱء
ȺףҹӦòٴ֯ĵֵˡ
켫˽ʮȫۼǰЩԼ׷ŵµӣԱǸ˵µӡ
нڶʹĸ֣ʣľǹջؽ𣬴Ӻָʱˡ
ǵҪ󣬾ҲҪԲǺԲôңԹһǴѪˡ
Ϊ˳Ѿܲˣһĳ飬ôͻԼԭ׷ڵĹգս¶ôˣÿջԼܰշңء
켫˿һϮĺ£ڵλǻ֪еĿģƶ͸ǣһΣҪȥɽɽϵǸײƽһֵǮĶһ㲻ʣɹˣҶкô˭սôƶԻ̼
󣬵в֮ԡ
˶֪ϵҲ˵ΥĻ֪ģǹ»ǹʲôطһˡ
û飬켫һ֣
ʮƥŹٵ񱼣ΪǵжǷŶõ֪ͨǰ򿪳š
Щһ·ֱͨɽ
ӵǷ⵽ɽԶһԳԺµĺɽ¡
˵ɣǴ濴ƵկɽȷʵЩġ
Ҳ̫ˣ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ʮ˽аã·ʰ׵ȷ·ӰжȷӲ;ɺһʼ˶
Ҷû̫
ҲڣǱҪڰ켫ˡ
ʲô⣬Ҫʮɽʲô壬ѡʮʮʲôаҲԲڿɺãû
ҿЩһǲȻٶһ£ǻǻկɽȥ
һ˴ҹ;ɽϢһ£֪Ѿ¶ǰףЩ˲ŵɽ
һڵϴŴϢ˰죬ָһЩ켫վλǵļƻѾ˳һ룬ջʤʵʱˣ
˶۾£öǵģоɱŮ˾ץȫɱ
ûŮˣ⻰˵ˡ
ɱһͨӣһɱһԲһǧɱһ쾳磬һ
켫˵ĽǮ̼£Щ˵ڱ۾ĵð⣬һȺҪ˶ɵĶǡ
ߣжҶϣ
ʮվС
ոûͻȻϴɡĴЩļһﶼŵûһ顣
̵ģѻô
˷ǳĲѻԶ˰ɣˡ
߿һֻɫѻĴų˹ȥ·ȥһ߷ţһ߽š
ʦ֣еһһֻѻ
켫ȻҲʹ죬ǻǱȽϳס˵ʦܣֲСˣЩһֻѻУǻձȥɣ
ǵҲǡ
һ뵽ȥҪȥ˾ʹͷ
ֻֻѻУҲ˵һӰ
ǰûмͻȻ֣һѾӡһ˹߹ģֺͷС
üһİɣôĽѾӣ
ЩãȻ̧ͷ˿ºɽȻоﵽɭɭġ
òʲô֮·ɣ
Ľ³


218 ǺŶ
켫Щᷳıٴν˻
ʦܣʲôˣСֵġ
ָָ棺ʦ֣ӡ𣿡
켫ͷһ̵һʲô
˵Ժ󣬵ͷȥϸоо£ԼĽǸӡһ¡
˵Ľӡ𣿡
˻ʲôǺ𣿡
ںطǿɵģʢƣܿɣ˺켫˶ûʲôû뵽һ㡣
оһҪ죬ֻգѾߵһѾûлͷ·ˡ
ɫѾһ˻ǰУɭıԵش
Ƭɭ֣ǰ治Զˡ
ҿ㣬ɽ̫ʱ䣬ٹһµЩоҪˣɱȥǻûз
Щ˽Ųӿ죬Ҳ㵽£ǵĵѾ׼Ѫˡ
ǾҪɭֻûȥʱͻȻ켫վסˣһ£
˷׷ͣ켫ˡ
ʦǲʲô
Ҳվϸ
ţһЩأ
ڣȽϸߣҲǿǶ˵Ҳ¶صɫϸѰν
һе˶ˣɭ棬ǱмرߴĺɣǴǱߴġ
ʲô
켫˶һۣ֦ˣԽԽ󣬽ѾչĵزҲɵǲˡ
ȥҲôһСʱ䣬Щ˾ȥ
һ·նЩɵıϡ
ҵ𣡡
˵ҵ죬ϰԵ˵һǰľѾ״ˡ
һߵľ޴Ѹ߸Ǹϻ棬ȿֺĴɳѾۼ൱Ӵڰ֮кһơ
ȻǸ֣ҲǸ֣СʱЩͱ񵰵Ҳûܶ˶ġ
ڱεĻ䲻ʲôû׼õķ͵ùˡ
ǰֶ˭ȷ䣿
̵ܳô
ȸɣ
ԽۼԽƺһʵ䣬ǳŵ䣬Ҫģ
ʦô죿
ﵽھ磬ѾǺηһ̶Щɵˣý갡
켫һƽĪţǵأǷŭˣ˽⣬ֻҪȥǿ϶׷ġ
˵꣬켫˶һ֣ҸҵĽ࣬ˣû⡣
ЩתûңôһһˣĻͬһ࣬ɽڶûϵôù
˰켫ʦ־ʦ֣侲д󽫷緶
أЩѾﵽһֲĳ̶ȣƬֵϿյ˼Ѿ˺
ǸѣҲֹͣ˳䡣
еͬһʱ䣬һЩĵѵĶ
ת
ת
ˡһ죬Щ뻮һŷһĶΣһһЩ˳
ղ侲켫˶˵ѸٵתѾӾܣ´һ̳
˲ըӪˡ
ѽ˲ˣɣ
ϷɣҲϷɣ
ɸƨٷ㻹ܷɹ䰡
÷ɹ䣬ӷǰ´ˣͬ˰׶Ծһղŵս˲˶֣ʹ̵ƴ쭣ϣܶȺҪ
վˣṦҲ½
վ䣬Ṧ˼Ҳǿվ
ͬսбһһǰ̵ĳ˹˲ͽЩܵ˸ûˡ
һС䣬һ೤ȥһðѪ
ѾǷˣǷڣ
Բʱǵ汳ģʮˣһûܳȥЩ乥ģһͼԣжء
ûʩȣЩ˾ͻȥˡ
ֺɽ֮ϣȻû˻ǣǵѾעˡ
Щ컹ãܵÿһЩһҲҪˣɱұܵķ·
Ϊȥ˻ûܵÿ죬ֱͨɽɽǱܣ͵ñЩƵˡ
켫˺ˣϵܵͷһֱߣɼܵٶ֮죬Щ죬Ҳһһ
ٿҲеù䣬ֻʮԲģüݶӶŵģں׷
켫˻ͷһۣȥ¾͵ȫûˡ
鼱֮£ͷͻȻƣڶʹĸִڵأȻתͷܡ
켫ˣҲѧٱ֮Уܵڿ
ĸǵùˣֱӱϵˣûͱӿķ䳱ûˣһҽûϢ
ǵмֵģ켫Ӯʱ䣬Щ˾Ȼɭֵؽ磬ǰˡ
죡кˮֻҪˮ޷ˡ
Щ˿ϣٴμ٣Ǳȥ
ոûԱߵĲݴ֮ͻȻһУһֻͬʷǰްĶ˳ˮװСȭͷȭֱӽִ˱״ֱʮ֮⡣
죡
켫춼ưˣҲ˵ˣûκε뷨һܰɣ
ʱʮˣֻʣĸʿɵˡ
оһʲôֵ˼ûУһ·ȥ
޴ĹܵҲˣ¾׷һסһʿһˤֱӾˤһӣŵ濴Ѿˡ
ɱһˣٶȵһЩٴ׷ٻɱһˣٶֵһЩ
켫˻ķһĺ棬˵׷ˣû˵ֿ˼ɴͷҲˣ۾Ҳˣµܡ
¾ãֻҪȥ˾ͶˣЩֲ϶Ͳרע׷ɱԼˡ
һˣΪӮһʱ䣬Щ쾳ٶҲ죬һֱܹؽ磬һӵµʱ켫˶ǷԽµԺǽ
ѾܲˣܴţѾǼˣԽԺǽֱһƨɵǰûͻͷȥЩ׷ûС
˵Ҳ֣ǸߴĹЩֲֻԺǽת£Ȼͷˡ
Զȥ켫һֽٺĸо
໥һۣӵĳ嶯
۽һɨͻȻоԱˡ
͵ػͷʮ˸һſǶ˻ͷطһȻ˸ͣתʮ޺˲͡
֡ʮ˸áǺɰ
켫ᣬѾ֪Լ˵ʲôˡ


219 Բ
켫˺ôҲ뵽ЩôжӭԼأ
ǿ϶֪ʲôԼЩжΣֺɽҲû˿أô֪Լ˵ģ
˼⡣
µ黹ҪʮٴϣҪԼչˣʱҲöס
ʲôԸ붼ˣֻܳЩ˵İΧȦɹ
ϾһΣԼ˳ɹһˣҲ̫η壬ֻҪȥôͻϣ岻ȥǶ˾Ͳˡ
ʮ˵ļȲƽսִˣ켫˸ûпǹ˵ͷﱻʮ˸дҲغɽЩˡ
һΣʮ˸иöԸˣϴˣýʱ÷صʱأڻʱڻýʱϵ޷죬Щ˵ĺϻޱȴ졣
켫Գζûгɹ֮ǾҲڣʼƴصĽ׶ΣѾֻʱˡ
ԪڷԺ۾ص˵ͷ
ԴЩɽʼѾˣһԼûָӣڵѾ֪ѻؽǱѻ֮󣬴Ҷˡ
֮ɽͲҽǱȥɽԸ֮еģǷȴȺ
ȻһǱصʿ˽
龰ҲһЩЩֲֻӴľԳ֮е˶ηֲ̫ˡ
¾жĵطû֪
ǼţһֱȥģΪһķɡ
ݴ͵ĵʿ˽ʱ򣬻һʮʿƺȲˡ
ɵƯ
ЩֲĹڲǰ׽еġ
ǱɵˣôԼ˿ɾûһѩǰܵĻᣬã֤֤Լ⼸ʮ޺ɣ
սؽУһʮѾεƿ˾棬ʱܻɱ켫ˣΪѩܣû֣èϷĽսȥҪ켫˰ܵķڷ
ԪڷԺȻʧЦһĻͦǿҪһ
ⳡսѾûκεǷʹ˱һˡ
ûԪ濪ĵģֺɽǿԻһ֮У
ʹʥɱûԪδľġ
սˣҲδز㣬Ϊս˫Ҫڶϣرģľµġ
Сɾӣôھжôֲɣ
ջĿ⣬ԪԼѾ˺ԲżͻƵʱ䣬пܾ⼸ˡ
Դϴθ乬֮ˣȫ֮Լ˷ϵþˣҲߣʹ÷Ժ̨ʮ٣Ȼ֮ǰ˽ӽ֮һ
ǷǳѵõģʾٶȣڵԼѾرˣȻЩŲᲢۣǹ֮Ҳ׶ˡ
ץһʱղԲˡ
쾳磬һֱǻԪڴˣֻдﵽ죬ԼϢƾ澭ٻָԣǸʱԼսһʵķ
Ѿ֣齱ȡǰ벿ֵڹķףȡ벿ֲô׵ġ
ϵͳҪ󣬳ͯӹǳ⣬Ҳôɵģڹķĺ벿ֳֵĸ̫ˣ˵òܳһԼδܳȡ
ԽҪϣҪͯӹ棬ҲԼɵ
Բǲɻرܵһء
ʮ޺ս֣ԪҲû̫עעһעսԼһʵڡ
ԪɿйһǱߵսҲˡ
ⳡսĽǲ֮ġ
˺˶ѵصģǵĹܴʮ޺ʮ˸ǹǺķе
ÿεֵʱ򣬶ԷͻɺϻƣԼ˵ѹȥ
֮޾ĳսԷʮ˸ˣֻ󣬿ֻϢԼȻڣȴûϢĻᣬԴԴҲģնأҲˣɡ
Ҳȱǿ
ǵˣһ˲֪òɱˡ
ȻֵĵˣյľȨӦڷֵͨӣƽʱǽֹɱġ
Իһ˽Ƕ׼͵Ժȥ
ǻûȥͻȻˡ
ϣ
еһʩ
ֵӣϱͬһ㣬ִ֮񣬶ƽʱҲôġ
ɶ˵𾴳ϣûиҲ𾴵ġ
Ҫ£ڲҪȥŷɣȽѹȥȵǱ߽ˣǾͺ˵ҡ
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һӦȻ˴ȥ
ֻЩΣգһǸɴǶֱֽͣŶ̧һ̧ˡ
ֵĹȻʱ򣬻ԪһȻֱӴﵽ˺ڵٽ㣬Բˡ
ΪҪٹУû뵽Ժ󣬾ȻٶҲӿˣ컹ֻ¶ʮţʹﵽٽ㣬ֻҪԼй죬ͨ˳Ľˣ
˫ĿգԪʱ򲻸жһоûˣ»ҪٵЩʱˡ
ֻϣһЩܺʿһҪôԼ
ڵӿţڻԪĵ£ʼʽԲľ硣
ͯӹţѾԽԽ׳ƣԪܸоͯӹһﵽ˺Բôܺڵľˡ
ͯӹΪһֻҪͯƣ㹻ڷܶһ㹻õĻܴﵽԲľ
Ǵ˹̫Ҫʣɡ
һˣ˭ҲķԼʮϰഺ£ȥſϣͯӹ껪İˡ
ԪѡҲȥŰĹǸѼϼܣˣС
ֻҪͯӹͻƵ˺ԲԼսٶһԾϣᳬԽ󲿷ֵˣ־սһǿܺһˡ
ǿǰ̵سžأԪоˣͻƾǰ
ɣɣͻĸһЩɣ
Ԫһһ뵤ıЩһֱԼԼľĳ

һ𣬻Ԫ嶼˼¡
˫һ֣ƤգԪ쳤³һ
ˣ
ͨԲ


220 ߶
罫һ꣬ԪδɹôʱŬǴﵽ˺Բľ磬ֻһ֮ңˣ
ͯӹֻǰͰһǰÿǰһڻԪһ޴ջ
ڵȺٴλָһƽ⡣
ǺԲľ磬ͯӹ;ǿЩ΢ЩҲ١
ԪԾΪͯӹ󱸣ԺԲ䣬ӵĵӦ֣ԼѾǻʮ㡣
΢΢۾Ԫ̨ڲӦüҪһģԼЩƽ
߳Ժţ߾ʹϲˡ
Ԫ΢ЦϺ԰ڰɣȵһִ绰ֶκϺҹһ
ֵһѾἵʿץ񣬷ɿɽҪ顣
ԪתһǵסȥԼҲἵˣΪһҪԼֵ鷳
˻һǵסǽ˶̧ţٴ˲ؾ
ݽʿŵº󣬻һ˱Ա߿ţԪȴǿԻȥˡ
һıһ뵽ɵ棬Ҳ׷ȥ
ؾڣֻͻԪˣϻἵʿ
ɣ֮ʱһ綾ĽߣĽץסץһЩҩƳһЩ
˵ӻһ˼öҩڲġ
ƴֵҩΪΣ
ʱֻưˣֵҩĶΪȥǻᷢһ֮ÿһ£ᶾһΣ֮ʱˮޱȣǻȥж֮˻ƴץԼƤὫƤץãһһҹֹ֮ͣȻȴ´ζ
ԪĺëЩ´ζˣ
һζĲλǸ첲ȵȲǺҪĲλڶξǱ󣬵ĴǰһۼƷΣ˵ߴεʱ˾ͻȫѸãΪ⣬ֻʣһãԴ˵ҲΪ߶
ϻᷢ
ȻϷʱ˻ȥץԼ沿Ƥ˺ڵԼ۾ܳܵģֻƴץԼŻоһЩ
ӷ𣡡
Ԫţ˲ϣ˶ͣǻǽٵɡ
ҡҡͷɣҪˡ
ңʲô
һָϵἵʿ˶ѾڣǳԿƣɱǣ޻˵㲻ɱǣЩҩɾôˣΪֻнҩԼԼץͱ㡣
ϵἵʿƴŤ壬ƺ˵ʲô
Ԫ˰֣ƶɮǷɣ˱оͲкѾûʲôˡ
㸺ҩҸ𣿡
㸺סͰɣࡣ
ոһ䣬ԪһʮȵĴת䡣
Цһ£ֽ̧ȥ˲ӡ
ſУһס°ͣȻкԪ
Ԫһֱ棬Ȼùһ̷ֱͣ˶
¶ңоԼѾˣȿֲҩ̷ȥһӶҪǰˡ
編ƣָ켫˳ҩ
ҩ֮һ֣ƾƷ˶ϵȻǶţ߶ѾˣһǾͻܵһλζܹ֮󣬺ȥδԼѡ񡣡
˵ԺͺͻԪԱ߿š
켫˺˻ɣ໥һۣ켫ϺУ֪ǼٴⵤҩǼ٣ץס㣬ҩˡ
һûȥĻԪ棬һڻ֣֤ûڳҲˣõҩ˵
ƣһȥ
Ƥû̧̧־ƿָմжˣһ飬׷׵ء
Ҫǰ䣬úӦǼɣ
ǿʵңԼ˿ڣָ̧̧ͷͷŵˣϺʲô磿
ûǾϣһĵڶֱۺʹϳˡ
ľͷең˽ԼֱۺʹץѪģҽ˽ʱǷ
ʱʧˡ
ǵǵһ̷֮ı֣¸µһ죬ҩԷʱˣϣֵܼ߸ȥ
ʵɲ⣬ֶλôûκθ߰ûֵϣͻԪǰ
ʦǽҩԸΪκ¡
һεĹһεĹָʹ˭ǿΪ£
Ԫ⣬켫Ƕͷǡ
Ϊʲô
켫ƺЩ˼ɣڸƳϵĵҩ飬Ѿĺܿˡ
켫˺ջ뿪¡
ǻȥ˽ڶʹϻ縺һҪʹ
飬ԪԼͻƵԲҪˡ
ϣһȫˡ
˰֣Ҳǰ㣬Ҳϣµһ࣬ҲΪԼ۸ˡ
ԪƵƵͷֵ̾ϵ֮ҲȻƳ˷˼ĵҩ
Ƴ˻Ԫһۣɣ˵ÿһ·һζ԰ɡ
ԣ˵á
˵ڵضƵĶ԰ɡ
ûҲ˵á
Ƿһ룬仰ʲôԵĵط
Ԫһʶ˲ԣͷЩðϣһֱڵض棬Щҩûܸʵ飬ô֪һ·һأ
˵ҩǼٵģɱ̫ĵ֮ˡ
ԪԭƲԼרϺҲǸи֣ŪżٵĵҩȻԼƭȥˡ
ƭڣŵҩ΢ҩ巢һҩԳʱ䲻켫˺˻ȥ֮ÿһ»ȡһνҩ֤ǲᱻĥֻҪ¶½ҩô˵ǵĶȫˣٷ
Ȼҩǰ׸ģԪ濪ʼѯǣ֪켫ڸƳϵĵҩ֮ƶ˺ܶǱɲС
һǿԵĽף켫û̸еʸ
ڼ·ˣνʱ仹£㹻ˡ
ּ͢ǱѾս׼ϵĲҲλˣսıǲתˡ
һֱս٣ֱ죬Ԫŵһζսδһİգ˵ԼѾ֪˽֡


221 սæ
Ԫ㣬սûкܿ챬ĻԼʮһᣬƸĴһЩЩ֣߳µȥ
һԽ𷨣ֵ֪һЩҲԻֵľ⣬׳ծ
Ԫ˺ܶӣһʹãǶͻս¸ƻˡ
֮͢УΪʵ۱µ̫ʦκͺ͹Լϣһֱ̫ʦǰ顣
һΣʵ۱ͬīԪ飬ͻȻ̫֮ʦ档
̫ʦκ͵õһʱ仹Щ֪룬Ҳȷʵ棬̴¡
ԼڳеĲѾ㹻ˣĻʵˣʲôҲͽƾͼƵ뿪˳
ǰŸߣ˻;߻ʵ۱¾ͿʼīԳڸֵʵһҹ֮䰵ɱ̫ʦڳеʮ߼ĸһ˳ƿȨ
ֻˣ̫ʦԭңȺ׵£Щͨʿʲô˻
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һûŶʱըֶһſõƣ˳£ʵѾȫռơ
֮ʵѸٷ˳߹أ̫ʦ׸ֻʰ˹գٻعͷԸġ
̫ʦ֪˻ʵ۵һϵֶѾΪʱ߹طգѾһȥˡ
֮󣬾ͬʢƵĵţͬʱȥһǣĵһս
ǹȻڽ֮ҲżȡԳϢ㱨
Ҳ첻ɳʵѸٵϢ֪ˣʱվࡣ
ʱѾʶѸٵŤת棬ôԼĽ𵤴ҲվһյģҲʱֹͣо𵤣ʼ֯
͵ɱµʱ򣬶ԷѾ׼߰ıزǱһֳӲʯͷӲǿвġ
֮£ƹǣʼڵؽһй»ǰɳӵֵؾ͵Ϯж϶ԷĲߣս̶֮С
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ϾҲ͵ϮɹҲϹʧܹ˫ڷΧйδģĽ棬ˡ
ǹյĲԳɹˣò޷ԺڵγвԼԳţֻǾȡƣȴ֧Ԯһ賤ѹԼѹ
սһʱ˽֡
ս٣˼֣Ƿһ򣬲ĵ۹ҾʱûɱǵУЩѾȫǹյͽֵˡ
ȻЩֻСɾӣҲǰֿܹģܿ˴
ϵĸԹ˲Ͼ۹ѹΣѣֻҪһʧϱذܣԱǷ׷׽ϸĵ׼ֻҪһãͻдԱͶϻˡ
£ﻹ˼£Ŷˣ˭ȥЩ
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ֻǰ±ӵеǿկɽѹĵΣЩǵ˳ٳٲҶְˡ
ΪҪսƣǵ˽µףѾ˵ǷʱͻȻһ˳Ծľٶ
ɽţʩ᲼࣡նɲ
ʱʳǻƽ˭ýôʳóȼΨˡ
ǧ׷ɽԺ֮ڣѾӣЩϢ
µĺǶʱֹͣϰ䣬ʮڴ֧Щȡ
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ȷʵһ֮Զ뵶ԺҲܱܷһЩ涼Žڡ
οԺĺж˶ܺãǸķɣʲôãÿ춼м䣬ްšҷɣһȡ
ûط˯ˣҷ㰲ŵطס
Сӿˣҷɸľ㣬оģСӶˡ
棬˵̬ȻȻؾͻЩĵãֻҪ߽ȥΰˣôͻ᲻ϵ
ڵȻ࣬ȴﻹ㰲ݵػţ֮ıѾˡ
֣Ȼͻ˵ֵĹ£ľµĽ񼣵顣
Ƕ˵֮Աǣ˵˶ˣкܶ𽥵Щˡ
ȻҲкܶ˼ֲţ̫ƿ϶Զﴫ׫ġ
ǵ¶ʮ죬ķƾճֻ˵ɡ
һ͵һ۱
Ԫ³齱ʱûлκδ󽱣ֻǳȡһ͵ĽƣԪɴͶĲһΣɹˣĲ˴۱
ƣԪǰҹĵʹ͵ûб˷֡
ڶǷ͵ʱ򣬻ԪʹõĴ۱Ľơ
һǧ˵ע֮£۱ֵģĿ֮£˼١
һĻǶδ֪ľηܶ˹Ĥݣһʱ䣬е˶Ϊ˷ͽ
Ǹܹͷ湵ͨ淽ɣһһڴˡ
ʼʱµӰֻǾڵǷڣֻҪսһЩ֮¾Ǻϼ񻰼ԺĿ֮еľ
Ԫƣӷ˷Ժ֮ڣͷһɣָͷ붯ˡ
Ѿ˽ǧ񣬼סԺӣ˵Ļ¾ֻɽˡ
ԴӿʼൽڣԪûйǧ˵Ҫչ˵̫ˡ
˿ޣ֣ҪҪŪŮ
̫ķˣֺǰǹһĺòã
ˣˣܶʱҪԼԳУ޵Žҩʩ˼Ҷţ»ԪԱ߿ţҲİ
쵼治װ
سһԪЩƣ
Լļ򣬻Ԫ乬֮УĵظԼʱڣӦûչԼİɡ
ֻǸɰԸĶչ
أ
Ľأ޲أСأ
ƣʱЩԼйŮǣһһǰ֣Ԫ룬ʱܺԼҲǺõġ
ģģţģģ˯ȥ֪ʲôʱ򣬶ߺغ᣺Ԫ档
˵òԪ涼ֲǲΡ


222 ҹ
ģģƺںԼһŮӡ
Ůӵɤᣬž
֮УԪΪǰá
ΪԼε˰á
εҲ֣ʱ䣬ԪѾεüεģҲܺ˵Լ٣ûô׶ȹˡ
ٲںѹֵ˼ȴ޷Ƶġ
һ˿ůڴϷ˸ԪԼĴΡ
ǸԪ棬УƸ֣㶼вѣǵˣʱѾˡ
ĻԪͻȻһѵǰˣ
Ҫ۾ͻȻһֻСְԼ۾棬˱ǣһŮӿظı²˭нŶ
ҪƷʲô
ڰõصԪҲϲãԾ˷ǲľ飬ֻЩ鱻Լȴˡ
Ʒӡ
Ԫ΢΢ҡͷƷʵڲƶɮ⡣
ǾһҵСָ
ۣ
ԪһЦʲôʱôȤˣȻһСָӦ㲻ʲô˰ɡ
Цһµ˼ԪɴסԼ۾ϵıС֣ڵͲҪǲˣԶ
㣿
Լסֵ˷һԼȻǰá
ԪΪ֪Լ׼ҵ֣Ӧǰã͵ԭĽˡ
ĽҲ֪Լ׼ֵģڳ԰СԼ߹
һžǰ˶Żư׶ɫ˫죬üĿ续Ľ껹˭
ĽԪ˵㣬ﻹЩ֣ǿԪɡһС۾
Ԫ˯ˣѾȥ¶׳ղһżȻˣĽס۾æĽݹôҹǰأתȥƶɮ·ɡ
Ľ㣬Ҫת
ף
ĽͻȻͣˣҲ۾ˣתֱӿԪؿڡ
Ԫ治ԣĽ˶ȻҪʲôɵҲͷȥԼؿڡ
ĽͻԪĿ⣬䵽Ǹ֮ϡ
ĽǾȣԪ棬ʦҾŻߴŵģǰ컹ôڵ
Ľݹϴ˰ɡ
Ԫ漱æ봩·ڣĽ꿴ʲô
һǵģ㿴滹ʫ䣬ãʦģһģһ
˵ԺĽֱСָ㣬Ȼסƣ϶һ֣Ԫ棬ô£
ĽĻȻֹΪһѾƵĺ沢ԼϤǸ֣һá֡
Ԫɿش·Ľݹ㿴˰ɣƲʦġ
ĽƺӳԾǻʦġ
Ľ˵ԪżĽǰĵӣȻʦˡ
Ԫ棬ʦ𣿡
û
Ϊ
Ԫ죬˵Ҿ͸ˡ
Ľһ£ԭ̫ˣԭʦûǱˣʦȥ֮˵ǵжʧˣʦ屻˾ˣǻʦ˵Ĳᣬʦģѹصʹȥңûҵʦ壬ʦΪʦѾ
û߰õľҡ
Ľ˵ͷڰõƣҲǴ֪һģȥ֮˵ľǸƣҪرõҩƣҪиֲͣˣҪ߲ݵչˣʹܻܲ˵
Ͼ֣յġ
԰϶ûĻ᲻ˡ
Ľû뵽þȻǰĻԪˣһȻˡ
ʩȵأ
Ľ걾ܵľã֮϶ǲ򵥣ӻԪŰõƾܿó
Ҹղŵһ㣬Ҳ˵⡣
ĽǸŮӣ֪Щʺʵ̫롣
С˼ȴѾĵؼס˰úͻԪĹϵ򵥣ҪĽΪʲôҪסԼҲ
Ԫʱڱ濪ʼӣĽתĽղűԪͻȻһȴһ㶼ûкߵ˼ˡ
ѵŮӣڳ֮󣬶ԻԪû˻ӡ
ڳʱŻԪ֣¶ԼعɰȥԪ濴ȻʱǰԪ⣬ҲǴǴ֮󣬶˵Ĺϵࡣ
ԪĴ·ǵúߣú˼ڴЦȻؿŻԪ棬ǻһ˿Ц⡣
Сﶼ˴󷽣ԪԵİҲôںˣɴٵĴ·Ȼ˴Ľ굹衣
Ԫ棬ˣҲʡ
Ľһֱ˳ƺԪ΢΢üĽݹڳƶɮǻױ׼֮ˣŽ׼֣˳ƺǲ㡣
ĽûлشԪĻ¿˿Աӣ˹ȥ˻˻ԪĴϣůһЩ
ղ˵ĻѾͷȫûȥ
Ľݹ
Ԫ棬ҵǸڵĹӣǺУԣôƺɣ𣿡
ĽĹѾȻɣ޷ĨȥȻ˲ȥ̸ֹ֣֮䣬ǹҼζô޷ıá
˾ɫ󣬻ԪųʯĳļһҲ޷ľܾ
ԪûĽ¶һ΢ЦȻ㲻˵͵Ӧˣģǰʱ㻹ķɣû˵ʱǻԪ档
ʲôǰ˺ģ˵úƶɮôαһ
Ԫε̾ϢһȥɣҲʲô˵顣
ĽԼ󷽣ԪҲɵСһվţֱҲԼһߣ˾벻ԶĿԣִͷʽԼǵһá
ǲ֪Ľݹҹǰν£
ǷծǮ겻㿴ɡ
˵Ľó˼Ʊŵ˻Ԫǰ
Ԫ΢ЦŽӹĽȻõģˣֻûʲôΣˣԺܰķչˡ
ĽݹΪΰﲻأ
Ҳֻ̫࣬ôæ
Ԫ˵ͷȷʵǺæöˣս³սʱû󻯵ļƶڲˡ
δһʱ䣬Ӧǲôæˡ
˵ЩĽͷҲ˵Ҳ˵Ҫߡ
ڷãԪĴＸҲһСռ䣬ΪĽΧĿ𽥶˵ζ
ȴûԪЩڣҹģҲǣҲǡ
ôڣĽͻȻܸĸ𣿡


223 Ľݼ
Ľ˵ҪԼ֣Ԫһﰵ룬ҵģƾɶѽ
Ľ꿴Ԫƺᣬæ㲻Ҫֻ࣬ϣһλҸæ
ʲôæѾæˡ
Ԫ̾Ů˵æһ᲻ôðģܲﻹǲҪĺá
Ľɸ˻Ԫһĵİ۶Ͳ˼˵˵پ𣿡
Ľݹ뽲ɡ
һǽǮ㣬һ£ӳҲǴӳҲǻĺ󣬶ǻؼҡ
ؼң
ԣؼңҵļںݡ
ļҲ𣿡
ĽҡҡͷҼŵڣϰңϰ˲˶ѣǼΨһϰŮӡ
ŶŮϰ䣬ȷʵټ
ǵģһμЩ飬Ҫؼһˣĵڶ£ϣܸһȥ
һĽĻԪҡͷ²ףƶɮܴӦ
ĽԻԪĻһ㶼⣬΢΢ͷǼСŮҲ֮Ů˶ͬңϰ䲢ĹǼ䷴ԵģѾĺֵõʦأҸûѡأĹʱͻСܶ鶼ء
ĽݹȻƶɮ׵ġ
Ľֵصһۣ˼ҵعɰ㶼Ȼ׵ġ
ԪĬֲ뿴Ӳҿġ
ÿһһؼңһĥܶ˶۹⿴ңҲϲؼҡ
ϲҪȥĽݹзǻȥɵˡ
Ԫ棬˵ɣȷʵзǻȥɵɣɺܳһʱҲ˵ꡣֻ㣬һȥһΡ
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Ľ˵ʵҲеս˫̶Χڽţû룬ʱսֲб䣬սֲ䣬ҲͲµĿǰµȷʵѾȶˡ
Ľֵǰȥ˵ݣҪıһװʱһˣ˵Ҫ㻻֡
Ԫᶨҡҡͷƶɮ벻ǰȥֶǲܻġ
Ц˵־͸ְܡ
ԪƺЩӣĽ΢΢ЩԪ棬㲻ҪҲֵˣ𣿡
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Ľ˵ֵˣԪҲͲƽƺϵĸıˣ˵ͷá
Ӧˣ
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ԪЩɶͷԣҴӦʲôˣ
Ԫ氡ҽԪ棬Ӧˣ˵á
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ӷƶɮδӦĽݹͬǰȥ
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ԪĬĬĶţĽԼϢкܴջһѪħͼںݣ˵ļⷽϢ
֪Ѫħͼظ飬ȻҪĽȥһ˺ˡ
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˵ѪħͼǷöͼ֮ϵħһѧȥԼҲǴġ
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ѾԼͷ۵ˣԪ治ٽ֦ˣԼͯӹңңڵʱǲġ
ΪһҪѡƶɮأ
ʵѪħͼջ󣬻ԪѾЩĶˡ
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Ǻðɣɽµֿջ㣬ȥˣ͸㡣
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Ľ뿪ԪżΪʲôˣϵѻûб
Լ߹ѻʲôҪʲô˿Էġ
Լ˵ĽǿԷĵ
Ӧǵģϵͳ֮ԼͨѻܸܵԼĽ꣬ԲѧƾĽԼķԺġ
ֻߣϵͳ֮ܸܵ˵ɱĽԼԪ϶ԼķԺ
ݣĽݼңٴλױˣԪЦһ£˵з㣬Ҳкܶ಻㡣


224 
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ֻɨ̧֮࣬ͷһա
֮Уһֻ޴ĽӥѸٵԶȥ𽥱һСڵ㣬ԽԽߡ


225 һָ
Ʋ֮ϣԪӥıϣŶϿХָ߿ȱĸоԼЩ뾡콵䡣
ǻԪ治ܣһױ֣ǰɣŵʹ߿϶ЩˣģΣնС
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˵Ľ˵ⷴһֱɣٶȱ֮ʼ죬ʯ֮䣬ббһᴩ˻ԪĸɲǼѪĽֱ͸
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Ǿʱ򣬻Ԫķڵˡ
ڣԼû̫ᣬںܲ򵥣ҲǸ֣Լ˻ˣӣ˺ݺݵһѾ״̬ˣҲڽ̶ֹᣬֻһΡ
ӶԷƣԪһָ̧𣬶ǰ޴ɶĶһָ
һָ죡
ָһʽԪ滹ǵһʩչ


226 
ӥһ޴ĳţ·ȥ
ԪķڽӥϣѪʪ˽ӥë
û뵽һ˵ôأ⻹Լܵĵһˡ
ڵʵ治ԼܱģҪսõԼĻ࣬һ㸹ģͲǸյʹߺˣԼ
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ģ֣̿ȴɼǿĹȴһ̡


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ԪһĽ껻һ·ɫĵһɫıɴഺ˫
·ڻԪǰתһȦĽԪ棬Ư𣿡
ѻݣ¶ŨȺɽͷ̨·꣬ˣҪ¹ӷָ𣿡
Ԫ˵ţһһı鿴Ľꡣ
޿ɻرܣԼɽ٣ͱĽԽԽȻΪעľ澭ҪԼȥˡ
һԪ淢֣ȥȻԼҲǿֵġ
Ԫ佱ĽЦ⣬ܹȥԼİ򿪣Ȼóһ·ģ͸ˡ
Ҳ·𣿡
Ľҡҡͷѽ˵õģҪԪ棬һˣȻǹͬȥҼң㻹źе·ôأ
ĽΪԪ滹ͬϴһױӵģû뵽Ԫȴҡҡͷ꣬ҿǹˣȻǴҵ飬ƶɮڵݳΪãԪƺ˵ʱаɡ
Ԫ治뻯ױĽЩɺǻ˻ԪǺðɣҲҲΪӳ棬±˲𡣡
ӷ˲ˣҲǿͷġ
Ľһͣ˼ǰԪ棬ҪǸˡ
Լ·װĽΪ㴩·϶ǸӰÿĶ࣬Ȼ㲻봩Ǿ˰ɡ
Ӱ˭
һļһλؼңΪҪһֱǱ˷˵ģǼҲڳܲסһ
Ը꣬˵˵ɡ
Ľߺߵ˻ԪߣݳңǼҺͺӼңŵڣģǾְɣǰЩ꣬һֱల£ֱǸӰǼҵļ
һʲôˣͣ
ûж󣬶ʮ꣬ΪǵһˣӰǺӼҵˣ˼һﵱϼԺ󣬾ʹǼԣƫƫǼֳҲⱻŪԽԽҵ̸һȻˡ
ĽЩջ𣬻ԪͲµĲˣӰϲĽġ
ǺӰҪȢΪޣ
Ľ˵ͷ˵˵Ҽ޸߾ǼƲ
ŮӺϣҲΪ
˵ʲôҲŲ޸ɼ޸㶼޸
Ԫ˸Σʲôɼ޸ѽǺһ⣬ѵҺܲɣ
Ľ˵꣬ҲꡱһЦס˻Ԫ֣۲ӯӯصұϣܵǼңװҵʦְҽ£ȻԸ⣬ǾҲãֻǲǲ̫㣿
ֲȥҽᣬкβģ
ԪҲƾĽһ֣ȻѪħͼô£
ѪħͼҲ˵ãȥĺŵʱ˵˵棬֮һкһ˵ĶԻ˵Ѫħͼʮ͵ҲЩ͸ˣǾҪص֪֮
˿֪Ѫħͼʲô
֪Ǽֻǽˣûһϰġ
Ԫ濼һһ䣺꣬ǼҺͺӼҶң˷ȥҲǲʹȥִ֮ĪҪⲻɣ
ĽҡҡͷҲ֪˺ΪҴģԲŽһȥҪôֱӼ޸ӰҪô취£Ҳû취ҵġ
ǼΪΪθɣĽĻԪЩ죬ⲻĽ괳ɡ
˵ĽƺЩ˸УӰСʱҷŹҧҧ˿ӣƨ֣˵ӴΪܴ裬񷬱Ϊ˶ʱ顣
ֱơĽĻԪֺЦʱ֣ܳΪպ̳ɡ
ʵ֪ΪҼ˷ѧ䣬ѧϰһֱЩҡѧʱͻСҲûѡ
Ľ˵ŻԽ˵ԽЩġ
ԪҲǰüĽݼĺ
ƽʱʱ򶼲ϲĽ꣬ǼˣְƵŮϣԼһȺ˶޲ߣ˼ͥĽй֮С
ЩˣϱǺӰ硣
ǻԪ治ȥ˵˵ĻֻǶĽ֪꣬ĿԺӰԼң
ʵյҵļˡ
Ҳֻлȥƽˣ߰ɡ
Ԫ濴ʱˣҶʱҲʲôİ취ֻȥ˵ˡ
ţ
ĽشţͻԪ˫˫ſڡ
֮Ľ껹ǺܹصģɴָֻϰԵĵ飬ͻԪʱһ
һΣԪûǺĽһһһƥ
·ϵ˿ԪԺ󣬷׷ʩʺãԪҲһһ
ĽŮһ䷽ɵߣȴû˵ע⡣
һĽɴأһ䷽ɵĳ֣ЧӦȻȻľۼǵĿ⡣
һֱ뿪ҰĽ껹Щ߷߲ƽ
һ·ϣ֮⣬Ԫ涼˼ͨҪûºĽģҲûҳʲô֮Чİ취
飬Ǽġ


231 ׷
Ԫ滺Уµǰ
ԼĽҹ̣յ˺ݡ
ĽȻؼȥˣԼȥһ䣬¡
ʢƿʱڣɮ˴ɽ㣬Ϊӣʶ¡
µ壬鶴ȪͤȣǺľۡ
ԪһǷ£ԼãݣΪĽһУƺ֪Ѫħͼ顣
ǰʱѾձɽŴСɳɨء
ϢģԶߣϲʫԣ
֣ú簡̫ûɽء
ǺģǰһӴк
֣ףҲĳΪλղƵʱֲء
ĳãףҹˣܷ¥ϣףִͷΪСɵĻ֮ջ𴲣Ѿѵˣ
ѵãȷʵѵã
ӺĲӻƣ̾
ףǸӣֵףĳѧʲʲôؼ֣ǲŽĲɷᱲ֮ģ
ǰֵ
ףӵȥӼˣӰǰĽݼңĽݼʫԣҪ˹ɨأΪ֮ȻҪȥͺӼͨһˡ
ӼСһĽݼңʲôֵõǵģҪһɱţ
ֲɴ⣬Ľݼһм˵ģȻҵȾͨҪƿԣҲҪЩۡ
ĲӵĽݼҵĶ˲ҲգĳҲĽһ˻ֵӣˣĳ񣬾Ҳ
ִ˻ЩԲ˰ɣĽ¿һۣĻͶˣչʾѧ
ִ˻٣ĽǵĲѧҪۿۣ˵ĽĻء
ۿۣҲģʶ࣬Ȼ˵ʶ࣬椶ʶʶֵܼ
ӱ˵Ц޼ɵЦǳˡ
ԪԶԶﲻϲǼӴȥ
ǼҲûܻԪ棬ΪĺУԹ˶ʼʫ
໥ǫ˼£ףʫ䣬ûһǧҲа˰٣ղ绻˵˵Σ

Ǿףֿͷɡ
ף£ҡҡӣһڵˣλ̨á
ɽ徲һȪУɽˮزͬ
ãã
ĲӺ˫˫кãףָ߲ţԭ˵˵Ȫмְ˷壬ʵ˶Ŀһ£ͬ찡
׳ˡ
ףǫţһȴģ͹⣬ϵĻʳ
ɡ
ĲҲǰɽӰ壬͸磬ѷֱˮĪк棿

˵ƨŷϣִ˾䣬ǽȪ̻ľ֣ҵȶ˶ȥȪ֮Ƿкˡ
˱ϣλҲսͣ˴һƬգΨϣ
ִƣ˳ս˵֮ϣλʫԣպضǧżѻֻǲ֪Ϊ᲻أ
ԪԱ߶Щ̲סˣӵƤʵǺһЩĲɾȻҲóŪһɷнµĿ̸֮䣬û֮ܳһ㡣
Ҽ̸֮У͸¶һϢǴǰĽңѧĽݼҵġ
һеʹ֮ˣȻǸĽݼҵĶͷӰˡ
ȻˣԼҲҪģǾͲȻһᣬյĽݼ֮ҲҪš
˼ȻߣԪʩ񣺡ӷ𣬼λʩƶɮˡ
ףƺͷģ´˻Ԫһ£µĺаɣ𣿡
ƶɮ·ɮˣֻ·˵أλʩʫƶɮҲϲ˵˳
ԭҲϲʫʵģҲãҵҰף縡ƣƽҲˣȻѧϰһҲܴһЩպҲа
ҲһĪ״һָӵŻԪ档
ȻˣͶлλʩˣƶɮλʫȴȫԱ˵⾳³ˡ
˶ɫһ䣬ףӸһУ𾭶Ķ࣬ʫҲУ֪ҵȼ˶ǺݣȻұǵʫʣ
ĲҲֱǻ֮Ц֮
ӸǵԲѣУʶ֣
Ԫ΢Цƶɮֻ뼸λʩ̸ʫʣ߼ͣԱ֪
ףӡһ˰ֽȣҡ˼£Ȼˣ˵˵µʫӦ
ҲϵͬʱҡӣһضŻԪ档
ԪЦЦƶɮҲʱ⣬λĪЦˡ
˶ֻŻԪ˵ֻ꣬Ҫκβ׻߲ǾһЦġ
Ԫ߶̧ͷɽţڿڵһɽɽţԪһ·֣ˮˮɽɽƣǰ̨̨Ͻ½ţңʦе׷ס
أͷȥǼӡ
һ£ﶼʫʼãǼëﻹޣһʾ֭ڤ˼룬ʫںδ
˿һʱˣҲûʲôõĵطڼ䣬ͻȻԶ˵λ̨ôڴ˴أ
Ȼ۾һ׷к֣ߣߣǰҵˡ
ǸΪֵĲһϮ£֮࣬Ҫǿˡ
λǶǶˣܣȻҲǣһ˵
Ӽæ֣֪У裬ĿˣаԵֹſԸԴԿ䡣
֣֡
ƲӼæƽʫԵʱҲûôḻĴʻ㣬ĽձԴϬûûأ
Ӵ˿ĳԴϬʵ̫ҵȵʫʱ͵һĲֵһʫǣǼѰʫѾܾˣʵεĺܣεĺѽ
Ŷüλ̨Ѱ޹ʫ𣿡
ףӽŻԪеʫһ飬ǸƲһ۾
ûֱѯʻԪ棬ǿڵŮǣţߣſϦͷ
ƲӵĻ⼸ӶЩɶͷԣƲǴʲôأʫ䣿Ƕأ


232 ȡ
ףӵƲ˵ֵĻɻ䣬ͻȻĺеƶɮɽ·һҲ
Ʋ¶֮ɫΪԭǷɴʦʧʧ
ӷ𣡡
ԪʮƲƺǿһЩһЩ
ɴʦȻ߲ţףֵλзɵʫ䣬ĳͷǳ̽Ȼͬ졣
Աߵףʵ֣γ̽ˣ
ƲЦŮǣţţŮţһţһ֣ſϦͷǿӸϦ֣λʦʦԥľ˵ķţɼѧȻ˼άݡ
Ŷԭˡ
˻ȻƲӣҲУƲ˵ĻУǿ˵ոջء
λƲӶ˵λ̨һȥѾȺܾˡ
˵ͷףӻԻԪһ仰УҵȲδӣټҪÿ
ӷƶɮΪλʩԵټ
ڻԪĻ˭Ҳû⣬ΪҲǷܵĻˡ
ȥ󣬻Ԫ滺ȥ
ǰͻȻǸСɳҪš
ӷСʦôҪ𣿡
С´˻Ԫ漸ۣҴ𣿡
Ԫһ£ԼɵˣЩˣǰǲ󣬵ǸоҲͺԼӡ
ƶɮˣλʦ֣ڸոջƻʱ֣ôҪأ
סַԸģй͵ˣ㻹ǿ߰ɡ
Сɳ˵꣬ŹرգԪһŸ
ôˣͷһִԪЦһķ˲鿴վǾòףֻĬĬߡ
ҲʱȥĽݼҿˣϾĽæģһֱȥҲС
ûмͿĽԶԶ߹Ŀڣƺ¶ʹ֮ɫ
Ԫһæӭ˹ȥôˣ
Ԫ棬Ľ곤سһҵˡ
˵ԺĽͻȻЩֵصףôˣ
Ľͷϸܵĺ飬ظղ۵ĲᣬԪ漱æʵʲô飿˴𣿡
ǵģҳ㣬Ҳ㣬ҵ廹δԭزģЩżԽż͸оͷЩۣǿˣҾ;úˡ
ǰй
ûѽһΡ
ԪҲЩ㲻ףϸѯһĽȷԼûˣҲֻգ˷Ľݼҡ
صĽݼҺĽԪǼˣԪΨһסľĸ׽Ľ棬ʣһҲûסҲûļǡ
ڻԪ棬Ľݼ˵̬ȲãҲ
ҪĽĽݼﲻǺܻӭ;ĽݼкصŮ˼롣
ҲǿڻԪǸУĽæģǲûиԪʲôɫ
ԪԼԺеݳ֣ʲôݳ֣׼ЩĽݼҵ˻ʲô
ҹ䣬Ľݼҵ˸Ԫ氲һķ䣬Ͼеʳ˲ͬһ㻹չˡ
Щ飬ԪҲǺںֻҪսӰȥȻĽݼȶţԼɣרȥѰѪħͼ
ںĽҪͨԪȷʵûҵ취֪Ӻֻ֣һһˡ
ĽݼҵĹƺͦϣƵʱһ̷׷ϨƣһԺӶֹˡ
ԪڴϣĬĬļʱ䡣
Ѿ³ģ賿ǶˣԳ齱ˡ
⻹Լһ뿪齱Ҳ֪ܳȡʲô
Ⱥ򣬷űˣĽ˽
һʳУĽ˻Ԫߣôߣʳд򿪡
ɣ𻨸⣬ûеŶ
Ϊɣܳ⣬ԪƽɹѡʳͲ̫ˣڿĹ𻨸⣬Ҳǲʳָ󶯡
ջˡ
Ľóһ𻨸ݸ˻Ԫ棬ԼҲһС飬ҧһСڣʲôջѽƽʱԷƵġ
Ľƺԥһ£Ȼ˵Ԫ棬ǺӰҼңҸ׻̯ˡ
ԪЦЦǲǻʲôĸӣȻ׼Ĳŷأ
ô֪ģ
Ľ꾪ȵʣ飬Ȼ֪˲ˣǻԪ治Ӧ֪ѽ
Ҳ˵ѡ
ǵģ˺ųƽСӣ˵ʲôĴӵĺˣҲȷʵмֲŻӰҵǽҷ£ƫƫҵЩˣȷʵѲ
ֻܷľǡ
ŻԪ棬ĽЦЦѽأƽʱ۸˵һױóʲôСӣڻ¡
ǳˣʲôʱ۸ˣ
ߣ֪
ĽһóһӣȻ򿪶ԻԪ⻹͸ҵأƽʱˣʲôˣͻóӿͻ룬ⲻʲôбɶأ㡣
˵ôɶ𣿡
ȻˣղóӿſţָоĿˡ
Ԫüô£ˣ
Ҳ֪ûϵˣʦ˵ˣʲôʱоĿۣһҪţ֪ô£а취
˵ĽֵҾҲʲôҸղеۣ֮ͺˣӦû⡣
һҪСġ
ĽֺͻԪ˵仰Щ𻨸£Ȼͻȥˡ
Ľ뿪󣬻Ԫ潫Žա
ٹʱ͵˶ˣԼһ֮ĵط齱ڼİȫԿ϶ǲ֮ڵģСһЩΪá
ĽݼڣҲ˭Լˡ
صϣԪֳһ𻨸⣬Ȼȴʱص
ʱһһعȥǽҹʱ֡
˿ϵͳʱ䣬Ѿʮһʮŷ֣Ԫغһﲻ֣ǷԺҲ֪齱ǲǸͲʲôõĽأ
ԪѾ϶ϵͳĽڳ齱ֺöĻһЩΪܳʲôõġ
ڵʮ㣬ϵͳʾڶ
ڵȡһγȡᣬǷгȡ
ȡ
һâϵͳת̵һγ֮ĵط
Ϊο϶ʲôĻԪ棬һϵͳתĽƷɴϲѽȻЩö


233 յô
ڴϿ˳齱֮ϵͳĽƷûԪĳȡ
˭˵ϵͳڳȡһܻúö
ϵͳڣԼҲѾûлκκýˡ
쳾֮УƷһķʢ
һϸ˵ˣĿıѡ
һıȽϴģǽˡ
ŻԪĳȡµĽ뱸µɽš¥¥͵۱ȵȻķȡĲˡ
һȡ޺ááؾ󣬷ԺԺʮõʮ֮ġ
ˡ
ʣĽѾǺܶˣһγֵģҩʦԺԺ֡
Ԫ濴һ⣬µĽȡѾ𽥵ؽӽβȥ֮⣬ʣҲǰáĦáԺľȵˡ
ȡûˣᷢһʲôأ
᲻ʹȡ
ǳпܣһȡˣôʮͼͻʮ
Ѿȡˣϲˣʮͼ֮Լȡöļʴˡ
һ뵽Ԫ뵽ѡǧȥ鿴ѡֶ᲻ȡһأ
ûϣȥ鿴ģһ֮£ϵͳʾͻȻ
ѡʣʮһ֮ȡ
Ԫһ£ˡ
Դϵͳİ֮ѡһʮԼȡһɺʮһ
ϵͳΪ˱֤ͼôͱѡԼֻҪȡһϵͳʹղͼˣͻȡ
һ뵽㣬ԪЩһֻҪȡôԺͲ
ûٽȡ⣬ϵͳͼͻɶʮĸ
ǽȡӦòһֱʧΪܶཨﶼҪеģӦųȡ٣ʣ಻ʱ򣬽Ҳϲ
ǵǸʱԼÿγ齱նˡ
ľѡѡ书ѡѡֻĻʹˡ
ȻûԪ漤ĲЩ飬оĽ
һֱǷħȡɫǧﾵͷڡȡ顣
еķħȺͽɫǱȽԪ棬ϾǶеı
ǽɫϸȥƺнӽ׳ûٽҲٽ϶ʹõıˣӦþǸʥ׼רõߡ
ǽ䱸һսҪһ̨ˡ
֪Ǹʱ򣬴ʥĴɨ֮£ڵϹǸҲӲӣ
Ŵһڵĳ棬Ԫȥľ顣
ֲεĽһ㣬ʮ㽶ûԪеĶĶһЩֲӡ
棬ǱһһСԭСĶһ̶ֻ֥Сǽ͵ﵽ˼ˡ
С㹻С㹻һεĴȻһͷ
ʥнӽ׸߲Сϴγֵʮ׶೤ҲСǺֻһһȣСˡ
ʵУԶ󡢷ȵȴ³ô׳ͷӺβͲ㣬Ҳа˾֮࣬һ¥һ㣬Ҳҡ
Ԫɵ㶵ؿ˰죬Ҳûʲôô
ϣһ̤Ӫ̤ӪӦûġ
ȻҪһףȻǲȣһ·ȣ˭˭
ʲôǹѽǸƣ书ˣǱó˵ĺá
ľ飬ѡÿ⡢ࡢ󽱡˫
ǻԪһֱܹĵ书ѡˡ
ֵ书ûԪ漤ĵطȼ
ѧǧ׹
мѧƣצ֡һѧֵڶԪҪԭ򣬾ֵڶԼĿǰĵһ֣ԵЩƵı仯ˣȻ춼κβԼǹؼ쾳˲ٰ
ţֽܣħͷȵȣԼšһ˵ڶĽ֣Լ㷭ǹˡڶĽʲô
ڲƣ
ڲƣ
Ժֱӵ˵Щڵı̬⣬쾳޷˺ԼˣԼһţֱӾͿ⹥ڲ֮ˡ
ȻǰԾ֮У͵Ϯ㡣
ԼܲԶ֧֣Ҳ
Ȼֺ֪ķĳ̶ȣԼĿǰԲôҲ֧һʱˡ
ԻԪż
һλԪĿֱ꣬Ӿ䵽˽棬ԲҪһҪȡ֡
һг齱Լ˵ǣֺʹ󽱾Ȼǰŵġ
󽱵Աߣ˫ʹһнпܡ
ԼʹԼŪһ㣬ûгȡ֣пд󽱵ģǰȲ̫С
ϵͳȡĹɣԪѾյĲˣ䵽Ŀ֮ڵϣܴһΣԪģ
Сصѡ˿ʼѡһоȲʱ򣬻Ԫſ֣ȥɣ
һ֣ԪиоһμʹУƫҲԲ̫󡣹ѡһȦ֮ٶԼĿֵ꣬ڶǰ
һһͼ˽ֵǰ档
ԪϢܸо㻹ûͣ
Ȼٴǰһ˽ֵ档
ǣûͣ
˻ΣٴƶһƷδ󽱵档
ϲǣ
ϲǣԵõǵǣпܺͽʧ֮ˡ
ϵͳ᲻Ԫ飬ֱӳ˳ȥɿתһȦֱ䵽һѡ档
һܴ䡣
ȡ䣬ǷʹöĲϵͳ
ʹá
ԪĲĲɹˣͻٴμȡĴ
ʹʧˣҲٳˣһκε⡣
ϵͳ˼£ȻɹˣĲһʯ
ʯһǱҲ˻Ԫˣڵȴڶ֡
Ĳɣڶ˳ȥת˼Ȧ䵽˷ڶ档
ȡڶ㣬ǷʹöĲ

ܶģֻҪԼٳȡ⣬ѡһƷˣѡģʵļֵܸߡ
˵ڶζĲֳ˳ԪЩһλˣõ
һں쳾֮г齱ܹԼ
ϵͳһȦȦתţڻԪڴ𽥵
ֵͼǰԪڲȷܲУֻ۾ֹͣȴʱ̵ص


234 
һ㣬ڻԪǧ֮һߵ˽ԱߣȻһͷͣȡֵڶǷʹöĲܣ
ġ
Ԫ滰˵䣬͵ر죬磬һ˵໰ҿʱӦ̸Ŀڣĵɵϣ
ϵͳЩģԪ˵ʾٴ
ڳ齱Ƿȡ
ȡ
Ԫ鼤ѡȡһâϵͳתʧȻԼǰһ䣬һʯһֵڶؼԪֱӽŵһߣǱֵڶؼΪ˷ֹҹζֱ࣬ˡ
һֱѧϰһʱⱾıȫգûԪͷ󶨡˵ڶĽ֣Լ̰ٱıֻҪЩڵľ˵һɲڻˡ
Ĳ˵޲ħ̵ĴһϣԼҲ棬޹ʹ顣
Ȼ޲ǲԼģԪĻеġ
ȡϦɽ֮УԪҲһЩ
޲ԼһдˡϦɽ֡
϶߳ˣһҪȵģǻԪǸʱ򣬸ΪԼȥ
ɽħ̳ĪаϡʥϣĴгһ쾳磬Լƾʲô˼ȥָ£ʲôȥͬˣ˽ֵڶ岻Ƚ쾳Сħ̣ļˣ˭ҲвԼˡ
ʱ޲Ӧδؾûгɹϣ
ڣȡ˽֣Ԫһ뷨
ԼǲҪȥҹ̽£һŵѪħͼôأ
ﵽµʱǸСɳ˵ˣ˵˹ͣԪڻɣ˭
룬ԪΪпЯѪħͼˣǺѪħͼйصȥˡ
ֻ漰ѪħͼǸһʵҲԼΪ˽ûнȥڲһˡƾֵڶԼľṦʹЩڵħԪҲǰݡ빥ңҪҵĽ֣ȫһʵҲƲ˽ֵڶġ
Լߵʱ䣬һέɽʩչҲδؾ׷ϡ
뵽Ԫ¶ģǰһˡ
˿ǿʯԪ潫ôҲǱӦֵǮġ
ˣһڶķ⣬֪Ǹʲôӵġ
Ԫ潫ڶ⿪ڶʱ˾ǰһüһԭǸݣڱɶɫˡ
ɫͳɫȽϽӽһЩĻף⽻ӳÿֻˡ
̫ˣΪ˱ⱻ˲ԪϽر˷⡣
֮ڷһû˹Ӧû˷֣Ԫһ·ĵ뿪˷䡣
ĽݼҵԺǽԪûߴ·ֱӴԽһ·ȥ
ѾǺҹˣ֮Уһ䷿ŵƻ
ţҹǰҲ˵òˣôƶɮߣǵɣ
һʮĺУһɫɮۣ⣬ŶĻ޼ɵ
ٺ٣Уף˲֪ĵϸһ֪𣿽㲻Ҹͱߣ
޼ɣвƶɮˣ
˵Żɮ޷裬Ķƺжֵ˼
֪࣬ڱ磬ǲǻĳԿ䣬ҵĺ澭ҵĺƣǷһЩҪ㣬ƽ͵Һú̸̸Ҳû顣
޼һ˵к񱻴˵Ƥһɮۺܿı
֪޼˵öģȻԼ廪޼ɣǶҲǰ˭˭ǰ첻ġ
ˣ޼ɺٺЦţͶˣƽ͵̸ֻҶˣʲô˵
βôֱضŻ޼ɿ
࣬л˵ôʲô˼
ƶɮֻ֪ҵ֪٣
޼Цһ֪֪ܶ࣬ǸɵˣѾʮˣһ֪ʦĻ죬Υλ˵һ֪Ϊ˼ǵס֣Ҷ֪ǳ־磬ʵڱ󵷹
һľȵģɫЩ԰ף޼ɣЩ˭ģ
࣬ĪҪΪ¼ֻʦһˣǸţкڵһ죡
ɫ࣬ͷɽ˺ˮǻû˵
࣬Ҫˣǵסڹ㵱ſŲȥʵݣ㲻͵ܣ
Ҫ˵ˣ޼ɣ㵽
Ҫĺܼ򵥣ֻҪ㡭
޼ɺ˿ʼ˽˵ԽԽС
˻˵һ룬ѾƵƵͷʱͻȻ洫һ죬ֱӱһ߷ɣصҵǽϣ
˶ʱŵû⣬æſһֻһĵϺЦ˽
ס֣㡭ôˣ
ֻ¾ͱˣλǻŰɣϵǺ˷񣿡
ǰҡҡ
Ƕˣɣ
Ϻлδ䣬޼ɺһ֣ǽǽߵȫϺ˹ȥ
滹вˮӣ߰ģϺ书ҲŪ˸æңĹ򣬻޼ɶѾֱӴ
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ϺҲһԾһ˾Ȼͷˡ
ƾٸߣʱҲֻȥ׷һˣ룬ȥ׷Ǹˡ
޼һ·񱼣뿪¡
ͷû׷޼ɳһ
Щħͷ˺Ҳı䲻ħͷʵֻû뵽һôܳˣЩϷ
˵Ż޼ɴͷɥǰߣһ
Ǿʱǰ治ԶƺһӰ
ʲô
ûлش𣬶ǻԼ΢¹⣬޼ϸۿֻ¹֮£ԷԴƺЩۡ
һУ
Է߽޼ڿˣһ㶣ЦУµһ䣬·㲻ߣͶȻҹ㣡
ԪҲ΢Цţɲƶɮġ
ңʲô𣿡
ƶɮãЯѪħͼرʵǲ̫ȫһţϣܽѪħͼΪűܡ
޼һ£У˰ɡ
ӷƶɮûз裬ţѪħͼԵٽƤܿ࣡
ˣˣԵԵɣ
޼ҡͷϧгüĿģȻôҲã˺λԼ£һ̣ȥɡ


235 ǿ
޼ɸûԪȻеŵһڶò޷ԼԿ
ȶں󣬻޼ƾ躮ƣѾ̳ˡ
ͺ¿ȻԼǾ͹ֲûĳˣ
˵Ժ󣬻޼ǰ壬ĴѾʼкۡ
Ԫ˫ֺʮĵת˽֣һνӵ棬ԼУ޼ǿġ
ĺһظģ޼ɰЦˣʱ𷨻ܸлԼɣ
ϵĺ߷ʮ㣬޼ɾһкɱ
ѸٵԪ滹˿
Уȥɣ
˫Χ¶ȶź澭תѸ½޼ɵ˫ƴȣֱԪؿڡ
һֻҪУ޼ţʹڣҲˡ
˿ľһ
ƵĽӽ޼֪ԷѾܶ㿪ˡ
ô򵥾Ӯˣʵ̫û˼ˡ
޼ǹһ˿Ц˫ڴ˻Ԫϡ
ףԣ
Ƶ˻Ԫǰһҵĵطʱ޼ȴоʵˣ˫Ѿʵϣ
䣡
һ졣
Ԫ˿޼ѾԼȫһȥףֻо˫˲飬ѣѪƽǿһƺһɽ棡
ĺУһתһ۵ĽӸߡ
ôܣǽ֣
޼ɲǲֿ֪ûôĽ֣Լ֮еٮٮߣȫһȻûζһ£ȹѾԼ֪
ÿɲܣʵѾˣҶĺѾʼˣ
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ԪһΣһŲʩչͬһֱӳ˻޼ɵǰ
޼ɻӶֱۣҪֵͻȻǰһâǺеԺ󣬳һͨĹȦҹԼǰͻȻĳ֣쳣ۡ
ѾЩϰ˺ڰĻ޼ɣһűܵķӦǾ̧ȥ۾赲洫ǿ⡣
һ̧֣Ŵ󿪡
Ԫ÷⣬ΪѰᣬȻԼĹǲһƻ޼ɵġ
ڻ޼ȥ⣬ڻԪ֮Уڿ˲䣬Ѿˣþǻ޼ɵǰСһʱһǰ
޼ɹȻȥֵ⣬Ǳ߸ո̧֣ԼĴƾ͵ˡ
飡
˫ͬʱл޼ɡ
һѪϸߣԼոȫ˫ƴˣڱ˼˫ƴĿ죬޼ͬߵķһ㣬ֱӵɳȥʮף䵽ˮС
ԼһƣԪ滹֪ģ޼ܻܲһˡ
˻޼ߣԪǿ˿΢ǻţҲܻǵƣ޼ɼʹԶнеľҲᱣסˣӽԺҲΪ塣
仳һ˿˳
Ԫó˿ȻѪħͼλãӦǾſҲмһ顣
ڶѪħͼ֣ԪȻͷ˻޼һۣӷ𣬻ţรɡ
ʤľ˵ɣһŲƸ۾ƽսʵԪͷβֻǳһС
˽ֹȻǲһˣӲûˣԼսôһУʹԼ߲ʵĻ޼ɣûԪá
ڻ޼ǷܻѾôҪˡ
뿪֮ϣԪﻹµ顣
ڹȻŸˣֻԼûŪݣղ͵ʱֻǷֵϺйߣԼʱȥǡ
ʱǺҹˣ͵ǴܣȻԪصĽݼҵʱѾǴˡ
ĽݼۼһȺˣΧġ
ԪȺ棬ֻȺͣۡ
ιιûУСӹĸүүǶء
ˣˣҲܾˣүҲûж
ɣǼҿңѵԲ𣿡
ҪԲ˶󣬻Ҫժҵء
ЩԻԪ׵شȺ漷˽ȥ
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ߵĸˣԪСӣҲǲͣشĽꡣ
Ľȷʵһ꣬ٿıǮֻڵĽ꣬ȴ԰ףҧ촽ͣ⿴ƺѰʲô
ߣһߺͼˣоڵĸͷ󺹣Ȼоһʱˡ
Ľ壬ǿ˿ҪһʱˣǶûаĶԲͽҵժȥɡ
˵ˣǺӰСǵĽݼҵģЩ֮ͬڽˣĶ˵ˣԲĻôժĽݼҵӡ
ĽݼΪ棬սˣξء
Ľоһ޹ȴҶԺӰ𣬻ͷؿĽ꣺꣬Ԯأ
ϳȥˣܺܿͻ˰ɡ
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˴ң
ĽҲЩˣ֪ˣԼ粻ء
ʱĽֳҲ˹֣ĽСã˵ûҲ̸ۼ޵ˣһңڽϴɱɱģʲôӣӹƷǲҿ࣬Ҳ͵ͷɡ
磬˵ĻС޷ͬϲȥͷ޹ء
㡭ڤ粻飡
ԱĽĶҲ˹СãҪΪĽݼҵĴ롣
Сòţҵ˴Ρ
ҲУҲУлʲôҶ۲ɣ
Ľ͵һӣĲ붼һˮ˳ŭݣ⽨ҳȱ¶š
ĽˮۣǻǼᶨҧź촽뿪ģ϶鵢ˣ֪ҵһҵġ
Ľݼҵ˻Ҫ˵ʲôǱߺӰվαأһˣл˵л˵ѽǡ
Ӱ˵ŻҪĽߴգĽһۣٿңÿ
Ӱһ²ӣ治ǰȥϾĽϰģʮԼҲǰ׸
ǲĽ꣬ǸвĽģĽ壬ʱǿ쵽ˣֶԲֲҸ˵ҿҪժˡ
Ľ汻ȣĽ꣬㻹ĽݼҵŮϸӹһ˵
Ľ¶ɫˮڴ۽ǻ䣬˫Ť½ǣؽڶЩף壬˱ԼԼӦѡˡ
뿪壬ȥһԪ߿࣬϶ᰲοԼİɡ
ĽʱҲûֻԪʧ٣ֻ뾡ļ
ո¶˵ͻȻ⴫ӷʲôƶɮҲ


236 ޺
Ԫڵ˷Ӧ졣
ӰǷ㶣ΪûмԪ档
ǽСӣȥƲ֮⣬˶ɫв
УѾܵһ˿η壬ʫȷʵһ¶ԶˮƽҲ͡
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ĽСţУؼʱ֣ҵġ
Ԫ濴һĽ꣬Ŀһ£Ԫ΢΢صͷ¶һ˿֮⡣
һ˿ĽᣬȴĽһůҲڣһûġ
һȦ˵ıһһ۵ףԪƶɮ峿ȥߣû뵽λôˡ
˿СеףӣԪֵƶɮվ˵뼸λʩ϶Եټģƶɮû˵ɡ
ףһףǵУҲ԰ڣնԲϣĽݼҵӾժˡ
ʱƣ
ԱĲӵʱƣ֮ڣѾˣŶҲһˡ
ԪмһȻһ¯㣬һȼգʣҲˡ
ԼüʱԪ濴˿Ľ꣬ĽݹܷΪƶɮĥī
š
Ľ˵ͷȻɵ䣬¶ѩ׵󣬽Ѿ׼õıī
īĽݼ׼дõģΪԲһֱûϡ
ĽԪĥīԱߵĺӰСӶ¶ʵĿ⣬ıߵĽôли
Ԫ滺ҵĸǰ棬ȿһ
һǸдģдǣͯӴͩӣͩ䣬ͯ֡
Ԫһ˼иͷ˿Ľꡣ
Ԫ濴Ľ¶һЦٻţΧ˶лȣЦΪԼţٻҲԸ⡣
ԪȴЩͷЦʲôѽҵ˼īĥûС
εߵĽߣĽݹˣ
Ѿˡ
Ľ꽫ëʵݸ˻Ԫ棬Ȼ̨ˣóѾ׼õֽ̺ãȴԪԡ
Ԫ䣬ձʣֽ֮৵дһȻ󽻸Ľ꣺Ľݹȥɡ
Ľ꿴һۣ΢ЦͷȻ˶ǰ棬Ե˵ӣ⸱ȥ
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ۿҲ׷Χۣе˻˳
ǣͯӴͩӣͩ䣬ͯ֡ǣȥϣΡ
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ǰ˼ұǺУ˵޷찡
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ˣĽݼҵˣüЦ׷ΪԪкá
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ȷʵѣƶɮһʱδ
Ԫҡҡͷڤ˼״
ȻҶֵĶĳأ
Աߵ˶ŵΪԪһѺǲܶĽݼһǻᱻժӵġ
ĽҲЩţùԪ棬ţԪһɹģһŻôãǰԼϷŪˣôܱ
Ԫ滺ߵĽߣЩΪѵҡҡͷĽݹѣƶɮһЩаɡ
ĽЩ׵۾ܸʲôУֻܸĥīˡ
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Ľļ˷ܲѣΪ˫ԼֻҪĽݼҶеһξӼһʧܡ
ڻԪĽݼѾᱻժˣܲ˷ܡ
Ľļ綼ܵ˻Ԫߣﲻͣƨ˷ܵȥɻԪļһ
ԪĶԼ˵ӷ𣬼λʩĽݹƶɮģҪлҲӦллĽݹ
˶ʱЩΣлпԣлĽ꣬ʵЩŲ졣
ĽͷҲû̧ĥīˣСŮӽܲλֳл⣬λֳǲҪˡ
ļֳҲǵͷתĽ˵ԻصԼλϡ
ԪͷԺӰӹӣ֪ĽĶҪƶɮ𣿡
ûȺӰشףһվУδʤȴףĳ˵Ķ㻹ûжأ
Ԫ΢΢һЦȻˣƶɮͿףʩĶҵԼȻѾɣףʩĶƶɮΣ
ˡ˵ҪΣ
Ԫתתƶɮˣͷףʩһɣʾע
ԣףĳʫʸ踳дһ
ףֺģԪֵʱʲôҪƶɮ˵㡣
ףԥһ£ֵ̫Ҳһ¥һ֪¥Ĵųı߿ء
ǰ޳ܵӣԪȻǻ¥ͻһСͼɡ


237 ľ
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ҲԼĶģһҧȻ㶼£ȻҲ£ˣҲһСͼ
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صĽߣԪ嵲סףǵߣٵдȻĽȥɡ
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ǱĽݼҵļˣʱȻҲмǿԪд֮죬û⸱⣬һпɾҪˡ
ǼҵҲûˣʱǲǳҲ޹ˣһ²ؼ߸߹̬ȣſЦ
ĽȥһԪǣһ¡
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˵ţĽĴ罫ףӵĶ˹ԭ°䣬߱ǧӡ
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ĽĴֵǿģǶԶˣվڽּܹ̫ļë꣬Ųֺ֣ᷢҲ˵ףӮˡ
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ף¶֮ɫû뵽׾ʶԼСһԵ֮ãԼɨˡ
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µĸԪѾһƲӵˡ
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ʦĳһĳʫ֮δѰҵܶߣһĳ֪µһѧ֮ˡ
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ʦ롣
û˵ʲôעĻزҲûҪʲôˣһȤõˡ
ƫƫ˲ô룬ӰͻȻУҶֵĶģҿһģӮˣһˣĽݹ޸ҡ
Ԫ濴˺ӰһۣʩĽݹ޼ۣΪע
ʲô޼ۣҺӰʲôмġĽֻ꣬ҪӦ޸ңӮҶǼһ
ĽŤͷͲ˵
ļȴЩĶˣһƺĽ˼
Ľ꿴ǵ˼ͻȻҸһǲǿԻȡ뿪ң
ļֳһ£Ľ޳ȥԼҵõһҲ뿪ˣֱӸһȻߣôҲһ¡
໥һۣȻȥԼĸĽ档
ĽȻǸˣȴûж˵ַǣһ֣ҲΪ⶯
˵̬ȣĽˣ̶ԻԪʦһΰɣӮ
ôУĽݹ㡭
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Ľ죬ûзǻԪȴܿΣ˵Լ֡
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仰Ľ˵ģ۾ڴûԪ̲ȥܾ
ĽȷʵǺ֣ܲԼͨ£һɣôҲǹԲˡ
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Ľᶨޱȵġ
Ľ˵ӰϲͬʱҲЩǣͷƲһۡ
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ΪǰУܹԼľԣǻǶʱΪá
Ԫͷ˿㣬ӾҪˣɴֱӵ֮ǰ
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ƲӵͷӰ̾ģƲӾµһĲѧ˵Ļ϶ġ
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ǩɣԪֱһǰ
⸱ڼ֮ھĽˣԪŵˣһҪĽһɡ
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䲻ɾ䣬Ҳûи㣬һʮ֣ڳˣû⸱˼
ֿ׵Ķ֣˶϶ˣһκӰҪӮˡ


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ƲĶ˶Ǹиһ
˵ʵڵģҶûס
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ǻԪӮˣһ´󼪣Դϲ
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ĽĵԪľˣȥɽ֮иһӣҲȥ޸Ӱġ
ʱСѾͷѾƤĴˡ
ƤƤҲһҸǿ
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ʱ򣬻ԪҲʲôˣֱӾͳѾ
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룬ĳҪѴʦһ䣬һУԵʱҲйصģһԣĳϣ㲻Ҫĳʧ
˵ԺƲصλϵؿŻԪ档
˻һ˵ĲôԶҪӸƲɣһҪóйصĶ
деı٣λʦ÷֪ʶԣѾǷǳѵˣƲӾȻӸΪʵЩ˲ܡ
Ľ̲ס˵ˣʦĪҪֻҪǾӮ˭Ҳ˵ʲôģһҪ÷䡣
ĽݹģȻʩ˽飬ƶɮܲ
Ԫ˵꣬˱ɣˢˢˢдȻ󽻸Ľꡣ
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ԪЦЦʩԼ֪𣿡
ҵȻ֪֪ĳ˵й©
ȻʩĿУôƶɮҲֻΪѵĽһˡ
ԪʱץϵĴëʣ̱ͬһ˵λ뿴ʩ⸱ʵһֻػʫֻʮ֣ȴԲһԣƶɮڸҶһ¡
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ԪĽͣƣн̫ˣҲ˻Ȼʣԭһʫͷβӣѹмûб㣬нǾԲ˼ġ
ϧƲӵʫ䣬Ԫ潲ȫˣʫˣǱߵĽС֮ס
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һСŮ֣Ԫ濴СŮʮһ꣬ͦˣЦСʩ԰ɡ
СŮܵ˻ԪǰǸԪʩ񣬺òӣȻԪĴëʣڶȻţ˵ЩģӦôɲɽΪɮɽΪɮ飬ɮ黳գ黳չɲա
˵ԺСŮëʵݸ˻Ԫ棬Ȼȥ
ܶ˽סٴΪԪкá
ۣʦԵ̫ˣ
̫ˣһУһĺУǶϲ㣡
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ԪҲ΢ЦתͷȻƲӣʩ֪ƶɮԵĶ⣿
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λףʩСͼ߻ȥ𣿡
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˵꣬ף˻ëʣСԴֱӻһȦȻûУⲻСǷˣˣ
˵Ժףӷ߷ߵˤȥ
˾ͲˣӣСԴϼӸȦǷ˰˵ʦԴиȦһзء
Ԫ汾ھȣ˵ϤСͼȻˣ˵ǲЦ
ҲûȦȦײܸ㿴ˣһǿˣ˵Դûаˡ
СӰˣԪٴο˺Ӱʩ֪ǸղǩֻѺĶעڻ㲻أ
ӰҲû뵽ôһĿ֮£ҵŤ˰죬ŶԻԪʮ𣿡
ƽ쳣ݵĻԪһûаԥһͭ嶼С
ǮǻȡĽδģһ㶼١
Ӱ˴˷۱ˣޱ۵ڻţû뵽ȻͳһƱ
ЩǮڻʤ֮ӸĽݼǲģǮֱӾʹĽˣû뵽ûɣֱӵע˽ȥ
ĽһƱ˻Ԫ棬Ӱݺݵص˻Ԫ漸ۡ
УøСĵ˵ġ
ԪЦֻºʩˣѾѱˡ
ĶԻԪ֪ǸУҲǴµĻ֮һбǸϺ׷ɱǻ֪Ҳûоˡ
źӰ˵֮ǱȥԪЦˡ
ӰµһԪĽǰ
ʱĽѾ
Ľݹϲ㣬ˡ
Ľ涵̧ͷǰĺƺЩʣôЩأ
Ҹôĵˣǵ껹û׼á


239 Ŷɽ
µӺãŵʯŵ̦Ľȹǣؽ׶ϡ
գѾʽ뿪˼ңһССĲһЩССϸٹһҪĺȥˡ
ϣŲԶƾǸκУĽ¶ЦݣȻ
Ҳ֪ôˣĽѰһԪƺôϬ峿Ԫ˵ȥߣһԼǰߣĽž͸˳һ·ţ֪ؾ˶š
ĽԪ΢Цû˵һֱߵߣŶҪˣ
ţˣٻȥˡ
Ľ֣ŵĳʪֱģ
Щûˣϴʱʮ꣬ȥֻأﻹô
ǰϼˣԪҲڵаɣˮɽӦΪϳԵ
ով˼䣬Ľȴһץס֣Ԫ棬Ҫ˵
˴ˣԪҲ⣬طĽС֣ôˣ
ûֻǾã˵ʲôϳԵЩ
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ȻԣȴһЩĽĽƶԼģһƬů
Ļ̌ͷԪĸӺܸߣԼҲȽϸߵ˿ǻҪ̧ͷܿ
Ԫ棬ôϲƹŷ𣿡
µеôοһкܶûɵ飬Щ֮ǰƶɮֻµķɣȥ
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һԽĸӲﳪ˳ʲôҲҪ
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˻ԪĻĽתתûԪɡԼڰóһ
ԪһˣⶫȻһٷ
ĺ߽ر֮Ŷȥ²׼·׼ϣװһ㲻ͬ⣬Ҳûóգϸҿɡ

ϰɣһҪǸɷ羰ˡ
ԪεؿЦһ£˫ֳɡ΢΢ͷƾĽԼԴϰŪ˰졣
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ĽҡҡͷͻȻƺЩ˸УԻԪɵһҲûɡ
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Ľǻؿ˻Ԫ棬ȻȻ˵Ļ˫ֻƾԼżѹؿڣĵĸоԼúů
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أΪ˶ɽٵĹؼ֣ĽԼУصЧӵ˼£ܸоԷ롣
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룬ô겻ۡ
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ĵģҰһҲԺ󶼲ᱻֶˣõɣҲõɣҺܿġ
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Ľ꽫ͷؿڣǲ̫׻Ԫģʣ֪ԪѴµķɣܶ鶼ɼԼǿ̫࣬Ϊѣ˾ͺܺˡ
һ𣬲֪ʱԸԼڽͺá
ߣһڵԶţһԽӥԪĶС
ǽӥˣ

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ӥգҲп죬֮ϵĳŴ˾ؿգϷˣѾ֪ˮжûв
һǶϵٻӰԪЩᣬѾǵһݣԼѧϰߺͼǿ
ڽӥƶ˵˲䣬ƺĽȥؿڣӦʹˡ
ֵҪ㹻ӲУǻԪûͷֻϣĽصĺܽʹ⡣
Ŭؿע˼صӥϢϡ
սֳ׵ӣɽѲѾȥлգҲͬʱ׾췴Ĵ죬³͢òսԮ
ǳԮҲȥӦɽѹս˫ٴδﵽһƽ⣬ڼ͢òҲ͢ӡ
Щսƣ·棬ҲΣա
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ͬʱڵǷļ֣˽ɢһЩĽ׷׼롣
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ΣյźŴ£ӥ뿪ɽƾͻԪӦֱӷɵ˺ݡ
Ԫ治ܵ飬Ľֱ̤꣬Ϲ;
ӥٶȺܿ죬ʱһǧﷵɽ
ӥԼ̤µϵʱ򣬻Ԫﰲˡ
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Ǹ¯ҲҪ̫࣬㡣
ũķѾһũӶ࣬̵ĽģЩ˻ѻԪ棬õ˲ಥֵʱˣĻ͹˼ˡ
ԪӦţҲȷʵҪŪһЩӣȫϵͳȡϵͳȡĶҲ̫һЩ
Ӻɽصº󣬻Ԫûо̫ˣϾںܶ඼ûʶпҪֶ֣Ҳûеõ֤ʵҪ۲һʱ䲻ҪֵǷġ
ոջص˷Ժ˴ɧţԼȥؾ
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Լһ㶼£פزؾشԼֻԼɹȥˡ
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Ԫһ㶣շɮǺԼԨԴС
Լʦڤԭǿշɮӡ
ǰһʱֹĺУҲǿշɮͽܣշɮԼʦˡ
ҸԼ׹ģʮǰΧ˵һսопշɮпɮɮΪڲ֮֡
ڿɮӣԼء
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ϡ
ɣ֪˵ʲôұҲΪշɮˣǼϷͽ˵Ļ˽˵ãĲСģӦòм١
ԪͷðϼһﵽԲ֮󣬹ߵףܴƺԶطĶԶطˡ
˼˽˵ûԲǲСģ϶ǹġ
Ҳ֪һƽûԼеĻֻԼϵͳ齱Ҳסˡ
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Ԫָָ㡭㡭
ɣڵ޷鿴⣬뿪Ļܿģ΢һƶϣҲ֪㷿˶ˡ
ԪĬ̫̬ˣ̫̬ˣԲʵ
Բ͵ⲻУΪԼ˽룬ԼһҪ취С


241 
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Ԫ˵ͷӦȥʮǰĹˣҹϵǳǲеġ
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ȻˣҪȥȥһɣȥҲûΣգڵҲǲһССˣһЩеġ
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д˷ˣǸҲ֪˭ȥɡ
ԪϽޣһ˴۱
Ѿǻƻ裬ɢȥ׼ˣ۱ǰ棬ֻһȺɮڡ
ԪɮǷ׷ÿûԪߵǰ档
۱֮󣬻Ԫһŭա
۱ǡ𡱺ָͬʱڵĿռ硣
ھΪĲΪҩʦҲΪİӷ
ĲĲ̻˼磬Թн̻˴ȴ󱯡
ҩʦǾ޲ʳİ֡Ů
ӷûзգɾ֡
𾴵ķ棬ʹԪ·ҵķɣҲṧĲΰݣƽЩ͵˸ޱϣ˻ײ档
ڣ棬Ȼֱ𶼱ˡ
ණҩʦĽϣñдˣСУ־Ī񡣡
Ҳ簢ӷĽϣñдˣ֣տͷæ
Ĳϣ˵ʥ߻
ԪˮԸ˽ֲȻ˵ʲôʱֵģ
ɣ۱λֵĺˣǰ滹͵ʱѾûˣû˵ʱ䣬Ҳһʱˣŵʱ򣬲ŷֽ֣֣Ӧһʱǰġ
Ԫ˵ͷ˵ûЩ֮ڵ޷ģȻ϶֪˭ɵģǸʱڡ
ȥԪһվڴ۱ڡ
Ӧòǻ棬棬ǵڻʹ֮һлõˡ
ǵ˰ѨȻһлãҲȴ˰һƣðֱմС
ͻȻˮͰöܰ
˵ʵӦǸոսûжãսսʱ򣬳͵ϮΧ⣬ûʲôʵı֡
ǰڵʵ϶һᱻֵ֣ˣܿҵһͨ˸ɵģˣûǰ¡
ֵ˼ǽԼҪ̫ˣͻǰ֣Ҫɱ˼
ʥ̵ˣΪҪأ
ԪڵⲽԼϺʥ֮䲢ìܡ
ʥ̵ŮԼ粻þʶģҲɽ˺ܾãڼһÿնǰԼҲεİΪ⿪ĽᣬԼ˵
ߵʱ򣬻ǣԼ֣Լ˵һ京ıףŮɬ黳ûԪ
Ϊħ̽ĪаŮԼϵã֪˺ܶ࣬ħߣҲųʥûɲ֪
ħ̷޲£ԼҲǹϵǳɽһ£ҹ￴ϴĳ滹Ŀⶼ˵Լĺ֪Ǻܺõѡ
أҲǺԼĹϵôħ˻Լ鷳أ
ȥԪͻȻ뵽޲¸Լ֣ԼϦʱǰɽȥ顣
ѵħ֮ܵʲôĴĪаŮħʥŮΪأ
Īħڲӣ
ħڶȾҪĪаһأ˭ڽĪа⣿
ϡʥϣȥÿԲ
᲻ħأ
Ԫһ룬հҵ˻ֶ֣ԸʮþȵģǻͻȻˮֱӺϣ˵ˡ
˵ѾȾ˹ͨͻһ׼Ըҽˡ
ôǶԸҽ֮ǰ᲻ỹ鷢
Īħ̵Ѿϵһм
ԪԽԴԽۣԼƶϣûͷûʲôȷˣΨһȷģԼ鷳ˡ
ߵĻ治ʱ򣬲ȻڵĸңôҲó˰ɡ
ڣ
Ԫҧҧɣ鷳ˣԼĴο棬ԼԼҲҪѵȱŮ˳ֵСˡ
㱻˵ĳƶɮ㱨һ


242 ,ɽ
ȻԪΪñ𣬵ǻڵľ֣ԴⲻãһСģͿִܸص˺
澿ʲôʱڶҪһʺš
νĽ֣ǲһƭ֣ⶼδ֪ԴӴԽ񣬻Ԫϵǿ֣Ҳǻ޼ɣǰԼнֵڶ֮
ڲƣڿԼĽֵģֻôװˡ
Ӵ۱֮˳û۽˹Ԫæʩ񣺡ɣ˵ҵӣ
ǵģʱȥزؾ󡣡
Ĳؾÿ⿪ĸʱʱʱǵԪƶģһʱСʱʵǰСʱơ
ʱڣֵɮڿؾɷľ顣
Ȼɷģֻһ㣬书ؼǽֹĵġ
ÿѧϰ书Ĳص㶼˾Ϊ˱ɮ̰ãɮϰ䣬ϸҪģʲô̶ʲôѧͬʱƵ书
˻ԪĻ۽Щԥɣؾָڣʵǲɣ³е
޷ʱ֮ڣͲҪˡÿڲؾڣ淢ʲôȷ鲻ʧ
Ԫ̾Ϣһֿɿõ˻ǲడư˾Ÿ쾳磬ȫǸոͻƵ죬֮ڣҲڵ׶
ˣϧͷѾڲ¶״̬
һ뿪ؾھҲʵѡˡ
۽ҳӹɣʵվǲ
ҲûʵѡԪֻˡ
۽Ѿ¶ģҲֻðշɵ˼˲ؾ
ź˲ؾأԪ˽ںɽ๤Ļһ滻˻
Ըȸֻ֣Լһ˾ԲУһ޵Ҳܺͻ潻֣̫
ֻлһʮ޺µĹǸսҲֻʮ޺󣬲ܺڹС
һ˻صڣԪַԸɮڣָ߶Ⱦ裬õٽŴ߶Ըڵĸ֣లûô
ֻ˼ʱԤʹǰҲ˲ɱ
úһУԪоЩƣԻص˷Ժ
ɽڽӥѻļ֮£ǰԼӦǻǰֵġ
ǲ֪ԼΪµʵѾǿˣðһոڵĻ棬ԼٴС
ԭһзٶǱΪԼ֪ڣԲˣһߣֱ¶˳Ǹ̫١
ʮ޺ֶԵпɿһ⣬ԼȻҲһӦˡ
ڣҲܵزؾΰ
ϣ۽ڲؾǧҪ˽͵˲źá
֮ϴһˣԪվУԼҪ˽澿óʲôηʲôҲö֢ҩ
Ǹ˭أ
Ȼ֮˶ڻ涼̫˽⣬һޡ۽Ͻˣ֮ǰֻǺԲʵͻȸֲ߶˽⣬Ҫˡ
룬ͻȻһٻӰͷ
㣡
ˣһ֪ڻĺܶ飬ǰϤȻǽҲȥһæԸֻص̫ƭˡ
ǰԶɽԼǲ׵ģȻӥֱɽԼǲ뿪ġ
ȥԪһ
дš
ܵѯʣһɽѻţýӥԼֱɽȻٴŰõŻ
ƾӥٶȣƵʱ֣峿磬ͿԴɽˡ
ԽԽô¿УԪֱߣʣʼдš
㣺һ𣬲֪Ƿ񰲺ãɽɽǧ㣬ƶɮǰ㣬ˡ
йµĿһ£Ԫֿʼ˵¶
ʥ߻֣ڷƣƽҪ´ɱ䣬ƶɮȻвǱϾԴ֪࣬ϣܸƶɮţҸ֪˵ص㣬ԱƶɮӦԡ
þɽ֪ɷ֪ɽ֮ϣʥ̳Ǹʲôɷһ£
ҲǻԪ֪ɽħ̳֮ϣ޲أԼȴ֪ħ״Ҳɽض˵һЩŸԼҲԼ
ֶ£нɧţйٱǱڲƶɮȣǰɽȥ㣬һ˼֮Ŷס
˻٣ȷʵ˼ˣȥɽʱҲͬʱȥá
ϵġס֣ǻԪЩļȥģϱϹЩ໥ƺȥģҲ֪ôˣ־ͽдȥԼûע⵽
дԪһ£дһ䣬ȻдԼ֣ûдһ䣬ֱдĻԪ档
۵һһֽ÷Ρ
⣬һĬĬĺӥ
Ƭ̣֮дĴӥ֪Ӻδ䵽˻Ԫߡ
ԪȥӥԴЩһˣҪԼĽͨߣҪµļǣҪŸˡ
ֻϧѻУǷٶ̫ʺϴš
պٳ齱ܳȡһЩڷеͿԵŵˡ
Ű˽ӥצϣȻɽϴȥǸŮУȻٽдĻŸҴ
ӥһʾ뿪ȻԪżĴƽشһֱϲ񷣬ҡȥ
㴫飡
ԪͻȻðôһ仰ⲻŸ룬Ǻ㰡
˵Լ֪˵Լ˽һ°ôˣ
乬İ£Լעӽѽ֮Ե˵˼Ǽٵġ
Լţһ˵İɡ
룬Ԫص˷Ժڡ
̨֮ϣһʱȻ޷һ뵽ʱֽӥͻ᷵أԼǳڴ뿴Լţ˵ʲô
޷ľҰ
γԣʧܸգԪԼһ䣬޴ľܳ£ѾڣֻһԲСУҲҺ˼룬ʮٶȶ֪ϧ̸ʲôҵ
ǿԼһƽ
ѾȥԼ˼ɽԼֻȴˣҲôãҲôá
һжǴҪĿǰԼ˵쾳ǵһҪ
ս죬ճΪϲԼʸΣȻĳ롣
ƽԪ𽥽˿״̬ʮ٣Ĺڲ֪зɿš


243 õĻ
Ұһլ֮Уġ
ŵѪӵԭѾһУʬڽ
˶ԴӶ̸ۡ
֣˵ֻӦԣ
ƺΪֵģһŵˣڻʹ֮ϣֵĻ棬ʱ΢Цһ˾ģ
⻹˵ǿ϶ǽŵˣҹǷϵʱʱȥδֵʲôô
һǸӣͱ뺷Ȼ޲٣һѾŻһϢ
ǽ첻ȥ𣿡
濴˴һۣĪڵ׼ֵʱ֣ǵһڴ֣϶ڸߣǽȥúƴأбҪӲƴôɵ𣿡
ղȥǻᱻ˿ˡ
֣ˣʹ˿ͣҲħʦ汻˿ֺͣž˿ͣص׹ʥĴ֮׵ͷ
ӽž˳ֺʥĴ֮һ
ʥĴֱֺž·޲¡Ŀءţɽ
һ˵ĴȺ󣬿ǽȴҲĸ˳Ҫ˵ĴʵǿߣҪֺžˡ
ҲĴ֮УΨһﵽڵǿˣڡ
ֻ֮ǰһֱڶ壬ͻҲ飬лûж֪žѾﵽڡ
˵ž˵ͷһǼƹˣ˷ʲô׷򵥵ķĿģһĳ
ˡ
ֲؿϴǰڻʹ֮ݵһϷ񻹱ǽֵءһܹɹȫֵļıȻӲƴҽÿҲǺöԸġ
ߣһЩ;ȫˣû뵽·ɱһ˽þˣǸīͺ¿ҲɱӲסǰȻõѪħͼ͵ˡ
˵ŻɫЩȻǶûܵõõѪħͼЩڻ
֣÷ɽˣǸ鷳ƾǵʵɽͳͳϳȥѾȫûˣʰ֣ȥǾְɡ
²£ҲҶģؿǼλ
˵ƺЩǵصھǵģϡ޲ǻˣὫϼһų
ߣЩҷӣҪͳͳ
žһ¶ɱ⡣
˵ˣҽѾ˻֣ǲȥǻҪǣֻʲôӦ
Ҫģ¾һٶ˥֮
ʿǲƣȻӷŭҲỳǲǲˣ֮ȻʧΪֻСϷиʱ򣬾ǳʱ򡣡
Ԫ澭һҹ
ǫ֮̃Լʵû̫ʱʮٶȣȻڼʹûе죬϶ҲںԲص·ϽСˡ
ľʹʮٶȺԼѾȵ֮ǰʮ屶ʮٶˡ
һҹ֮ԼĺԲȹ̣һо
Ԫ㣬иȵľô͸ˡ
ֻϧϵͳݻϷġ
Ԫ滹ģ˻ʱ͵ϮҺֱԼɣҲû˳֣ԼһЩ
뿪ԺԪУѾʼ£±ڣ˳ӿˡ
£ලĳģʹӥڣҲֻϣǻ浽ҲЩͨ֡
ʱ̧ͷգӥûл
ԪţڲҲٹһʱͲˡ
ȺԪҲЩģ͵ѲϾԼǼģˣԼҲܷ֡
Ԫ棬һҲۼһ𣬵鿴ţһʲôط֣Ҳܵһʱϵӭ
Ҳʮ˵ȱڣֿܷһֿʮ޺Ͱڲ̼롣
ҲĴ鿴š
滹ǽƻҹǰһЩûӦþǰˣôˣѷҶСġ
һֱʱ֣Ҳûп˳֡
ǲ֣²˶ţԪûһ˻ȥԷӵ˼ӡ
ԼǷط֧ԺΪоӥѾ쵽ɽ˴ɽˡ
صԺԺŹرպܿӥ
Ԫӽӥצ棬һȻýӥգæȫ£Լǻصڡ
ŹغãԪֽ
Ҳ֪ǲãϣԪܸоõϢ㵭ţá
ֽСֽ
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һ䣬ԪЩͷ󣬰ԹС
ˣ֪дţһΪĽ㡣
ʱѾǰҹˣҺСѾ˯£վķţʱҲŷĴ
ԪΪνӥôòŻˣԭԼŵʱ䲻ԣڵʱɽɲǰҹ
һҪ̵Сϰ䣬Ҳû£͵͵дţΪ֪϶ǵļˡ
һůڻԪĶǰ֪ˣм䶼͸һ˿ػ⡣
֮ҪµӣĵظԼдţҲһǳȤĻ档
ˣƶˣĪаµһҡҲ֪ҺͽҲİ㡣ȥ֣ǧҪӱСģµĲ书ļƣĪ߽·ļơ
ħ֮ϣǾ飬˺˽⣬ֻ֪ȥħ̳оĪаþδ¶ˡ
Ԫ΢΢ͷԼƵĲ࣬ȻƵħ˳ˣȥڵħ̡Īаþò¶棬Ͳжˡ
֪ǵĴһ£һγ֣ȥ֮󣬾ûٳֹ
Ԫ治Щģôˣ
ǲǵˣ϶ǵģȣ϶ǵˣ
һ仰΢΢⣬ȴ˵˻ԪĿϡ
㲻غ£Ȼ֣ѾСȴ룬һһЩƷӦǻչ
˵һЩʺĻŵĽβдҲϣң㲻֪տĴʱ򣬽жôĿģϧ㻹û
дƺЩʪĺۼȻӥǧУۼѾֽʪվӡԪҲЩܣӣҪ˶
ҪȥСˣúñأ
дõЩͣ٣ļƺЩԥдģʱûодд⼸֡
ȻдǸ֣ôԽ㻹ǳأ֪ߡ
ŵͽˣԪ󿴵һͷˮզˣдźɣôͲ֪أ


244 ؾʧ
˰õĻţԪٸдһ⣬һ룬Լ߻вûнʰ˻棬Ȼٸţ϶ӿĵġ
ٵȵȰɡ
Ǵ峿ƻ裬ǸҲûг֣µ˶ΪԷҹ֣ҹǿ˽䱸
ִӻƻ赽ҹԷûг֣ǻɶԷܻҹ󣬴Ҿиʱֽ֣ĵȵԷûг֡
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ԴӻԪȡ˲ؾ֮ϵͳȡ˾ĴؾÿվͻԶ飬Щ飬ѾΪֵľʳ
һΪķ𾭣Ϊķ𾭣ǻԪ书ؼĳ
뿪֮󣬻ԪͶԲؾİΣоģڻ۽֮ǰԼѾĸѧؼͳͳ׼֮ó
֮ڣֻ÷׮ͷ⡢޺ȭȵȻѧΨһһģˡ
Ϊֵӵڹķʱڲؾ
û뵽ոߣؾȻͳˣ
ʧԣ
õϢ󣬻Ԫһʱ͸ˡ
Ԫ濴Χһʹ
ֲؾһڣΧܶవѾˣľ˺ܶࡣ
ԪûһֱͣɨһۣҲʧһЩ顣
Ҳûֱͣ㣬Ԫ浽һңȻ֮ڵؼˣ
νܴˣշҹû뵽ؼĵطڳˡ
ŹԼǰȴԼĻ۽Ԫ̾Ϣһ˵
ɣ֪ʧְֶʧʮ񹦵ؼˣӲ뷽𷣣
ԪҲ鲻ã˵˵ɣô£
ɣҹΪ˿زؾ󣬼һҹû˯ֻ;ȥ֣ҳȥôһС͸оؾں˿һæ˻
۽һ£֮Ǹ˵Ŀڶ㷢ģҾȥ˶㣬ǵ˶㣬ûˣ˿һӼæȥ㡣
㵽㣬ǲǻûˣ
ǵģӵ㣬ûˣ͵ƣγСѰңһ棬æֶѾˡ
ļæһǰȥһҲкܶྭ鶪ʧ
Ԫ̾Ϣһ˵ֶ˸Ļ۽ؿܡ
ӵʱˣѰˣͻȻʱִӲʶҪԣæܻ㣬ͷ񹦵ؼѾˡ
֮У㶼ûҵ𣿡
ǵģҲǳ֣Ǹ˵Ŀĳһ㷢ӸȥȴǷֲ˵ˣֻǸȥһֱҲ͵Ծ˵ӡ
˻۽ԪĬĬ㣬飬ܻܿǻΪҲӦúйϵġ
ڷ֣ҪֲɮǶߣ׼ȶԷǰݺݵĽѵûг֡
ûɮǷ׷׳Ц˵Ҳƣð֣˾ͶһĻ
Ǿʱ򣬾ͳ˲ؾʧô顣
䶪ʧ񹦣
ľȻҲҪɮǵڹķһ书ĻҶڹʧˣɵӰʹˡ
ʹպȡķڵķҲˣδ϶кܴӰġ
񹦱һ
µ񣬻Ԫڸоѹˡ
ֻãսһԪͲƾеԸһڡ
ʵڶԸˣҲ͹˲ñ¶ֵɱˣʹʥӺɽֱӽԶ֡
Ȼڶֶ࣬ܶܲ¶ǲ¶á
ƫƫԷ֣һؾ͵İϷ׵ĸ˽䱸ɭϵһ⡣
ҶԷ͵Եˣֶμܹ˽ӥѻļӣ飬Ԫ֪ԼĲйϵ
Ҳ̫࣬ӥѻǷей֮УȺ׻ۣϴȥʱԼûýӥ飬Ϊ˶ʱ򣬽ӥЩɲóˡ
ʺϵĵطضĿ꣬ޱߵĿҰɽ֣ĳЩϸ΢Ļܷ֣ȺͳЩˡ
Խӥ󣬻ԪֻҪ鷶ΧܱߣڻҪɮѲӺϵĸڡ
ڿЩԶԶˡ
۽ڲؾڱˣתڶһ
ԪѾµԷļƻˡ
͵ȡ飬϶ĿģһǶڰԼһġ
ξʧԣԼһ϶Ҫһ󣬶ԼѲˣֲˡ
ʱҲ͵ȡˣ¿϶ĸġ
ȵԼиʱڰǣͻָԼһˡ
ҲмҵĻڰԼҪʱţķ¶
Ǿһ
˿۽Ԫε̾Ϣһ˲ؾĴڴһƬҡҷַ
Էذѻ۽ˣתأ
˵ṦһǳãҪһֶΣû۽Էڶ㣬۽ȴһܣһ㣬˼Ѿˡ
һʱ䣬ԪҲ벻Էġ
벻ԷεȡģͲȥѰˡ
ԪͲһˣҪ취Ťתµֲ档
Ҫȷ澿ʲôط
ھǲǱȡˣʱȲȥ
ɡ
ԪԸ۽Ȼͷ˿һһ޵˶ں棬ǳߣȴɵķԸ
ξ鶪ʧҪܴΣҵ͹˵˵Ľƻӽһޡ۽˹ͬزؾһһ㣬˭Ҳ뿪£ҪԼѰң̷Ҫȫ¶ֹԼ͵˵𣿡
ǣɣʦܣס
˷׷״Ӧһ㣬ͲǸ͵ø԰һֵĻᡣ
ԸˣԪ뿪˲ؾ󣬻ص˷Ժ
ոջص֮£׼һ½飬ͻȻϵͳһʾ
ʧԣϵͳѰҾ鿴
ϵͳʾԪһ£ʲôʱϵͳˣ
ϽϵͳȻһ
ʧԣϵͳҪһ֮ѰʧԾ飬ɹһγ齱ᣬʧܣ۳һγ齱ᣬǷܣ
񣬻Ԫ֪Լûѡ񣬾һͨ˴һγ齱ĻȻǺ¡
ʧܿ۳һλᣬͷҲǹصģԪԼģӦþǻģֻҪҵ棬ӦþͲܳɹˡ
ܡ
Ԫԥѡ˽ܡ


245 ȭִʥ
ϵͳ񣬻Ԫ̷ȫȥѰһ䡣
ѻǶʮСʱѰˣӥҲѰҵУɽΧȫڻԪļ֮£ԼҲ˽ӥѻΧʮڣûˡ
Ԫ뵽ܿܶԷصĳסһֱûгǲеģ֪ͨղӣؤҲѰ֮С
һΣ㽫ϵȫˣҵ־ݡ
첻ˣֱ賿Ϣˡ
ؤӷҰһũңǸйϹѾûгˣļŴգƺûˡ
Ϣõ˻Ԫӣýӥѻص⻧˼ҡ
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ѹһֱ˷֣ӦɱӵˣȻڷڣƽҲûϹԲһֱܡ
˼ûж϶ᱻ˾ˡ
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Ŷֿտܴѽ곤ڣʹ֮У´ٰİɡ
ԶžٺһЦʱĳ̰棬Ϊͱ˴ĳܣҹ빬УʵЩӵ͵һЩееڹǰͷǳˣǴԺĳӾͲùˣЩҲͷ¶棬ѹĺܰ
ž´Զһҿֻδڰɣ
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Զһߵ˵ͷˣµЩ鶼͵˳صһصĵطǾҲġ
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Ԫͷһˣǵ񣬾һҪס棬Բˡ
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ʱҲЦˣͦµģû뵽ҲˣŪһȺСУΪܲסԼˣ治һʲôˡ
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ɳȭͷû
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ʥ˫ִرֽмǴ¸оЩۣŪһԼȭͷϡ
˵ĻҪǰһˮʥһٴλȭͷžݺݵȥ


246 ѿ
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˵ˣûÿһȭȶǧƾԼתڵڹÿһζɺıҷɡ
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ڣ滹Ǹµķء
˾͸ǹ棬ǹĬļֱ˳ԾͨһȭλãԼոһҪʱͻں淢յָԼòӶжϡ
ԼһȭȻλã޺һĵģܶʼԼԶûлᡣ
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ڶսʱ򣬺Զȴһֱԥǰ
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ԪҲԶԶ͵ȡԼˣץסûؾ飬ԼͶһγ齱ˣڵľ棬ƺܴƽ⣬ͿϲϹˡ
һΣԼ㾡µȫˣʮ޺ʥԼкѾ֦ԼЩԲû¶ҪĴ򣬵ȴԼ
ǹԹԵǱУǸԶԼЩԶҶԷҲóṦڣʱҲϣڳ˶ҪܣԶǿ϶ץסˡ
ԶƫƫǲŻž뱻Ҳ޶ԡ
ĪǴΣоԣ
ԶٳٲϹȻһֱǻԪ֪ԷûзӣֻǱԼսƣǷһ϶Լһɱˡ
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ԶǲǹˣԪһ£ɱˡ
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ٸʹʥ´սʱž޷ҲҪܣȻһҪ
´֮󣬻ԪȾ׷ԶֻʣһӰӵԶ׷ȥ

ߵľڷɿصˣԶԽԽľ
ԼĲϷṦ˵ҲԲһڣȻܰѺǸɣ
ǲܰѣǾһı
ҺãٶȲر죬Լƣ𽥵Ѿɱ˶ʮ
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ܲǰ취ᱻ׷ϵġ
ԶʶˣҲӦͣɲһ£ôԼڣȻɱԼǿҲɡ
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ڣҲףԪ̾ʹ߶˽֡
Զʱͷ뷨ͻԪ࣬ɵʽȻɣƺǺǿҲԼӰѾܴ
ԶԼƽǿľС
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һԶ䶼ںǸɵһ۵ĽӸ֣âתԼһֻ죬һֶ
֣ܣ
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Ԫ̧һָָɲɵشԶβ
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һ̻ԶϣߴڵϣԶҲǹǿģָܵ÷ɿ죬ʱԾ㣬ͺ¿еս
ܵıӻļһԪҲǺ޵ôָԷ򵹾ݡ
ҲԶֲܷܰѵıʲô壿ӱԼˡ
мָ֮󣬻ԪͻȻǰ滩ˮ졣
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û뵽ȻѾôԶ
ʱ򣬻ԪҲʶҪѹִ˲ͣ񱼣ԭǴӵ⡣
˵ʱ٣ʱ죬ۿ˺ӱߣˮмԶʱԶһԾֱˮȥ
ԪԸӥ½ӥ޴ֹͬצӣ͵ץԶĺġ
Զоӥ٣ڿƴŤ㿪˽ӥצӵķûбץƤ⣬·ӥһצץס
ԪΪ֣æ߶ӥգôԶץߡ
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æӥˮתʼʱ򣬻Ԫ滹Լ˵Ǳգ֮䣬ӰʧˣӦѾˮ
Ѿ޷֣ζҲѾʧԪͷֻýӥչ۲죬Լźӱ߻Ѱҡ


247 û
Ѿ£ѩڼϴ꣬ǼˮڣˮܼԪںӰһʶԼҲԶˡ
ҲϵĽӥܷ֣ҲֻҲ
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ۿ²ΪԪҲֻͽκΣһ˿ںӰ߻š
һûзԶԶһЩ˹
һɿڣֻɴȴǳУҪȴԪ濴ǰҲͲѰˣڶɿϢһ¡
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Ƿ̷ԴأΪ˼Լʲôرı֣ҲǶԼһۣ̾Ϣһò̫׼Ժ̸ȥˡ
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Ѿǹȥˣ
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Ϊʲô
ΪֵľʧˣȫѰУҵϣҲǲ㼴ʹȥˣ϶Ҳһġ
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ӥŻԪڸ߿֮зУԪ滹˼ɣĻ
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ˣ
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𽥵ģһ󵨶ַ뷨ڻԪԺи֡


248 ᷽
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Ԫ֪Զ͵ˣǻѾ޷ԼϢˣæʵʥϦʱ򣬻ʲô·
衭
˵һ֣ͷһᣬһţֱӴԽȥˡ
ԱһֱעĻһ˵һ䣺ɣΪԼҪ赹أ˵˸֣ˡ
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Щ鴦꣬Ԫ淵¡
Լûи߿ǣôļƻгɹĿܣ˶˵͸
ϧԼ漣ķɣֶβеԩ
Ԫ潫ǰװõˣϢ߰ãȼʱٸһϲɡ

ķ粨һƽʱ䣬ʮ֮󣬰ڶûд·Ԫÿ֮⣬ǴԶϢ
˴߾鲻˵Լϵͳ񣬱һʧȥľ飬Ȼᱻ۳һγ齱ᡣ
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оֺɽĽѾӽβũ￪ϣҲһЩʳסķҲǵĲˣмվͻ᳹깤
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󣬳صó͢Ҳľ˾Ȼûȥ׷յĲбϢһĹƻҪչ
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֮ûϷ֣ݣǺڵǷһֱбЩֵ˼ӻˡ
һǧ˵ӣǧбļĴԼǧˣӵ˹յ͵ڵǷ࣬ȴ
֣ݷҲˣڵǷپӡ
յЩ齨齨һǧ˵Ĳӡ
ȻΪտˣǱϾڻвڵǷ⣬˶ѡܱûֵ̿Ŀ⿴֧ӻҪʲô
ѵޣҪɱսȥ
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ǷֻһСسǣּΪһĴǶ䣬Ƿصס͢һ߽⣬ɣ
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ձģǹҪڳ֮ǰΪƽء
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ο⸴͢ҲûΪѰգ˼еǸǷ׷Ȳķء
ۿĹҲͣǷ׷׸ǡ
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Щ˶Щ˼ϾΣѵʱ뿪ˣǮˣǸɼֽǮ˽ˣҸˣһûµġ
ܶ˶ˣûжŷɵĻǧ˵ľӣ²ֿܵס
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249 ߻
Ϲߺ󣬻Ԫ֪ǧϾͻˡ
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ĿǰɮˣɮʮˣɮʮˣľһѾԼˣСģʮꡣ
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Ԫûлش𣬶ǿ˿Χɮǡ
Χ˶û˵ڵȴԪǻԪܿóЩǵġ
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Ԫǵ飬ֵĸȷʵܾʹ˻𣬵ǣҲյľӾôɱԼһֽԺ
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250 һ
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251 ˭
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253 ɱ
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254 սڼؽ
ƾյŭƾһŭ֮´˴죬ҹĻǺͣĽˡ
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û뵽ˣȻôĺöԪ濴˰죬ﶼ޷ȷԼҪȡʲôӦðһΪص㣿


255 齱
»Ԫѵѡ
ӽƷֵۣ׽õģҲʺԼġ
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ԪаϲȻûǴʥһޱȵ׽С
ͨյĴʥõ֮󣬾ȻڿˣĹתͬ糵һ㡣
ԪԽԽϲһ֣ڴʥϣʥķɡ
ʥװˣõ㷢ʱˣǧҪƶɮʧ
⻹꣬ٸװһ¡


256 ĵ
Ŵʥ˷ܵػŹӣʱˣһŹԪҲˡ
⻹꣬Ԫ滹ҪϬţŪ
ϵͳȡ˺Ϭţ
ǰһʥһ
üһһ;޴峤߰׵Ĵһƾճ֣
ʥӽ׸ߣһҲȴʥ٣ͺһվһƥսߣֻ˺սǳ׳͵ġ
һ棬ͱֵ쳣ȣʥŴЦţźϬţĺƤ
ϵͳʱ򣬻Ԫ滹ϬţţƤεĺ񣬵ۿǺױȡ
ţƤôأ
µţϬţһôƤֻ´ţƤͲ˰ɡ
Ԫ濴һôǸͷȼ
ҪϬţ֡
ڣã̫ˡ
ţãžʹ
ԪһͻȻһˣţħ
ʥţħһԶֵܡ
ڻԪ֣ϵͳĶǲ֪ܾģ˵ӡ
ôͰţħĳƺŶ
Դʥʥﵽţħıȥġ
ʥһԾţħıȦȶļסţħͬʯļǰ²ȡ
ţħҲõ˻ԪȻȫϴʥƾֻСԼš
棡
ԪͻȻţħ̹ͬ˳һĳ˳ȥ
ʥһһ¾ﻹץŹӣۿҪһ֧˸շվסˡ
ŶڴʥȥһͷţԪ漱æеţħ
ţħ˵һѸٵɲڵ˳ĵ
Ԫһţħĵص㣬һ޴ӡ涼ųһļ
һûϺãԪ潫ţħ˻ٴν̵һӦϣôܷӳս
һվڻԪǰǰСˣʱصһԴʾˡ
ʱжôʥе龢ţħȫʹˣֻ˵˼ϵͳ֮ȫܹ⡣
̵˰Ҫƺ׵ĲˣԪǵôãʵһΡ
ʥٴţħļ֪ôŲŲͻȻ˦ȥ
ţħҲţͷĶͬһңңָǰ
׼棡Ŀ꣬ǿʯͷϣ
ţԳͬʱţħٴӣٶ˲ʹʮһʱ룬ȷ죬¡¡ľͳ˳ȥ
ʥţħıϣĹֽţǰǿʯгһ
ǿʯͷĥ̰С˵ǾԲᱻţһĶײġ
ǻԪţϵͳȻ˵ţħ޼᲻ˣȻܴݻʯͷģһʯͷײƣʲô޼᲻ݣ
Ȼֻţħһʯͷ޾ɫٶԽԽ죬µĴڲ׳̤֫ϳΪһӡ
޴ţײʯͷˣ¡һʯм裬ǿʯͷķѵķ
ʥʱڷˣһգֻҹ˸ϴʯͷûüأͱʥһ˷ĩ
ǿţÿĹ
Ԫ涼Ϊ֮ˣû뵽ţħʹʥϣȻǿ˳̶ȣ
ֱǳĵ
˵ˣҪõսȥʲôͽҲԲ޵Ķ֣ɶзˣǷˣ͵Ĳˣ
óս϶˿ɵ
ֱײţħĴʥܶһˡ
һϷˣһ󣬻Ԫص˷ԺС
ĳ齱ܺãȻûеõ书ǵõţħʹʥ֮һ书Ҫǿöࡣ
ٴνʣƷȡ˳ֱӹҵ˲ϣǾݵĺӣԪЩͷҪôأ
ȥû뵽ð취ԪεؽһӰŰɣԺ˵
ýӥ۲ǵǱߵˣڻϢһ֮Ҫˣǿ϶Ҫ֯µĹƵġ
ڹǵԼ¿϶ǼֲסˣһĲɱȷʵûжսˣ˵޷ֵվӵһι
֪ԪĵϸҲ֪ҪԵģʲô
ڶһ磬ĽĽǽ
ѾûЩĵλڵԸ£˳ȻһʱȵἵɳǻԼͲǧ쳾ˡ
ȻǳңǷɣ
ʲôͼҵʲôɽ续Լ޹ˡ
ԼˣһͶˡ
ǳ֮ǰһź˭֪ԼԺ󣬻᲻лص˼䣬һֱɽˣǾͲܱǸĺ
Ǽ֮󣬹նǵյսʲô㣿
ϹܵˣΪսȻû£ǸսѾֿסˣǱϾֻôˣµԱռһʣ棬вɮѾһˡ
ߣ˵²һջ˵䲻һĽñڶʹǳĲ⣡
ˣĽȷʵЩҲЩµʮ˸һɱʧĩԸԴǰΪɨƽ֣ӭǰ
οؿ˿ϹܣԼĽ棬ҲϹֵεġ
մﲻս׻˵ǧ֮ӣãԼݺֹǧ𣬲˵ڶʹˣԼݣ;ԲԼΣ֮С
Թ񣬻ҪĽȥɣԼ͵Ⱥʤʵˡ
ڿֻϹܲǺʵѡˡ
ãϹٽԸԴǰڶʹο͸ǧϣܾĽսڶʹں󷽵ȴʤϢ
Ҫǧ͸ǧɽıԼԼ
ϹܵͷӦǧıѾ㹻ˡ
һսǧˣвԱյľսĻʣǧ࣬Ϲǧʣǧˣɽ¡
ԪͨӥϹܴǧɽﰵ̾Ϣ
ȻǼƻûб仯죬ԼʾϣմɽȻǳشġ
û뵽ɽľȻû˶ֻ࣬ǧ
ȻĽϹǸţǻԪ治ΪǧʲôΪ
ǼʹǧҲƵԾõƲˣΪ£ѾٺͶԷĲɱˡ
ϧˣ
Ԫ΢΢Щʧ䡣
ãǧҲ㲻٣ȷԼһһȡʤ
Ϲܣ㲻ҪְƶɮȻǺ⣬Ҳ̫һЩռȻ֣ôƶɮҲˡ


257 Ⱥ
ңңԺǽϹЩ̾
ǵõԼֵʱľ㣬Լһĸо
ֱڣԼһĻЩɴһУֳҵͷ
վǲ׺ɣ±ãԼĵطѾΪԼĵˣԼĶ֣£վҪԼֻġ
ȻǶˣǾԼֽԺͰɡ
ǸķɣעҪΪԼµƷ
ԼǻԼ԰Ƕɮ𾴡
һϧͳ־֮飬ϹڴǰĿյϡ
ֺ֪鲻Ϊˣһ·ûһ谭ֱӾ͵ǰ
ȻԷǾ͸ˣÿ԰ڿ͡
ֻһⳡսҲ̫ȤЩ
еľۼһ֮սΰڿϹվڶ󷽡
̫ǰˣΪ̫ǰĻ;̫ˣЩΣա
ȾȫںˣϹ̧ͷһǸվ¥ϷͿˡ
һ䷽ɣϹܷȰһ䣬ʶʱΪܣ־ΣѣǲκεĻᣬǳˣһɣԺͷˣӦñĵӣлĻᡣ
Ԫվ¥֮ϣϹܣϹٴˣ˻
ɣϹܽͰѻ˵˰ɣҪǽڶʹ˵˼ܹıֵ֣ǣһҪ
Ŷ˵þһЩɡ
ɣ˵üһ㣬ֻҪɢ£ȻԾˣôٿȥڶʹˣŹµɮǣģٻеġ
Ϲܱ˵ţߴԺǽ֮Ϸɮǡ
˵ܲ󶯹գôһ˵ؾͻЩΪĺǿһ˿ϣ˵;ĶҡˣΪء
һԼҲʡȥֽţ½ˡ
ΪĻ˵Щɮ¿϶¶ԥ֮ɫأû뵽ǽͷһˢˢ۹ɨϹܵôĻһ
киɴະ˳ģͱˣǷ˵ˣЩˣԲóˣǵĩվ͵ˣ
ģСֶΰɣб´ѽ
Ϲɫ࣬Щǲ֪ôǸòΪԼ治ɱǰɡ
ɣԾ·ˡ
Ϲٴˣֵ˵ûֶȷʵϲ̨棬Ƿǳʱ̣ЩҲ޿ɺǣֻǣʧˡ
ɣһ㣬û뵽˵Ĳʶ̧٣ôϹܾ͵ˣ
ϹٴˣƶɮҪ˵ãڿʼɣ
Ԫ˵һĵطһ
ϹҲʼǲ˹ģʽ
Ĳʼǰ㼸ʮӱ̧˳ǾͳԿ̫ˣ³ٳٲܹԺǽ׼ͺܳˡ

Ϲڶһ
Щʿķ޴Ȼ󵶶ܱڻņ̀ӣʼµԺǽ˹
ոճ嵽һ룬ͻȻͣ˽Ų㵵ա
쵰ʲôأٲ棬նģ
ԼµľȻвͣΪϹܴΪջ𣬼ֱд
ոպ꣬иļ̌ͣͷա
˵ȷϹҲˣ̧ͷϷȥ
Ҫһһʲô
֮УһƬƮ˹

ƮģǷɹġ
޴ѹס˾ǵź˾͸оë
䣡ô䣡
Ҳ֪˭һ䣬ٱͿʼըӪˡ
죡˭ô䰡⻹䶼ţİɣôоȸأ
γƣһ缦һĴС⣬ٱܿ˸źĶ롣
ֶҪǱϵĻ˵ã
е˶ЩˣǶʿڹյľˣսĶˣûк¹
ַԵֿĶĺˡ
ⶫֱ޷һڿзУܲõǹȥȥɣҲʲôЧ
ǻһ˿ϣϣЩɹȥЩǣϾԴôôҲһעɡ
û뵽ǰһŹͷֱӴЩͷϷɹԼһķ
һ̣еӰǹͳͳĶ׵˵£еʿͷܣŲ·Ŀʼɽܡ
¶룬ʼЩӴܵĵоʼ׷
Ĳҽ˷սһ˶ʿȥ
Щʿ׻ҪҪĲλ֣ܶ˶ѡ½֣Ȼܡ
ܵûɵĿ죬һز̾ʮ˸׷ǰ̵Ķŵˡ
۷ԺԼҲȥΪĶеԺԼ
ûˣĶֱģԼҲȥֻǶԱСˣһֱȥˡ
ɼʹˣҲǰǧܶԸģڸոսӴһ˲䣬߰˵Ķ֮¡
͵䣬ϹܵĶڵѪ
ôˣûộôͻôһϮԼľأ
ôǾͲϮЩأѵǺĲɣ
۷˵ʹû˵
ǲû˵ѾˣΪ죬ͱҪ
ҪôûΨһص·ܡ
ʵ˵ЩʿѾˡ
ȫ½ذ¶ĲλһǧͬբˮһȿֺɽȥΨԼ䵽˱˵ĺ档
ⶫһȱ㣬ڱ˷Ժͻ½ˡ
ԵЩʿȫסҪС˺ܶ࣬ȻһֱҲ׷ţǵµѾԽԽˡ
һԪ治ϸָôϾԼûôͬʱָֻ䣬ֻɷӣ˷˲Чʡ
ǼʹˣϹܴǧҲһˣ׵Ľſڡ
һǧˣǵĶԶĵĲˣٹҲֻһİˣԪǳ˻ط䳲Ϣ
δһһ䣬վֱӻɱ֮һǧһǧµ˹ҲˣԪţʱӦű˰ɡ
Ի͵սеĺǶ
˵սֱ̫ˣ̫̼ˣ
ǵһ֪ԭܻô
ֵĺǻȸԾţһΣĿʤϣ
ΨһûлˣǻԪ棬Ϊ֪ھʤһЩԼҪյľӣٴһݵģ֪ð֣ҪصĴ۵ģ


258 һս
Ϲܹڹյǰ˫ָ߾һѸֵڶʹˣܣʿڶʹ˴
ɫû
µľںһսɥҲûһ¶
Щľ͸ΪԼȥǵ
ֵģô֮ؾȻٳٲ£޷ܵġ
ԼܿҪˣڳ֮ǰźǸἵص˵ʲôľ⣬δϣҲǷߡ
ǵ˵ɷнµģղŶԳһŲɡ
±뱻ǸķɣԼһҪȥ档
ôͻأ
ֶûǻۣèģ֪ʶˣµĺôԼľӣ
հ˼⡣
ûмڴϹܣָϹΪԼء
ˣʱô£һ㲻©ؽ
䶾½һĽʿ̽˸ղɽϷ飬ͷβֱ˿ֲɱ˻
ע⵽һϸڡ
ǾЩɱԼһԱ󣬺ĹҲѾˡ
Ķ룬Ҳôһֱо綾ģССעǲܲĶҺصЩˣͷȴҲûȥ
뵽һ㣬ˣ֪ôֹܷϮ
һ˵һ㣬ܶ˶ӿˣ˵ʲôĶУе˵øסԴе˵£е˵Ѭ
룬ѬЩףϾԼľӻҪչơ
ǲѬ޷˽飬þȫ£ú񲼵ס沿ҪٸѬӦЧ
ЩӦҲǿ֮ĩˣսʹҲûкܴˡ
е̷ԸȥٶȥǷռƥÿʿͷȲλסֹϮ
õ̾ǰǷ⣬ռƥȥˡ
˵ü򵥣Ҳһ׵飬ȻòƥûʲôֻҪסУǱϾﻹнǧҪĲƥҲǼ޴ġ
ǷĲƥׯһ¿ǵùյ룬еļҵ
ҿԪ淢սҪ֮ǰѾµȫ˳ȥڵ֣ڵǷѾû˲ҵûʧ
˽һռƥ˻
ЩֱõӽƥÿڳСһ¶۾Ȼһϡ
ԴױĲλʱ򶼱ˣϾΪ˱ʲô۲۸ͲҪˡ
ΨһܵģůͣôЩѣĻǺ
һֱ˰ʱ֣Ūá
ɫǲʺչֻǵȺˡ
һ£ǲ־ɽôԼߵķδЩˣ˵ĻԼ󲿶һһٹ֡
ٱκεȫѾʧȥġ
вղЩͺ¿ܱʲô
ǵĶˣҲûˣԻԪͨӥɵľͿһС
ϢµˣҶЩġ
޵ɣܵ䣬ǿ»ǲð찡˵ƶûкתء
۽Ҳû֮Уܹսֻаˣҷɸղ˵ҪȫȻǵĽȻǧԪδûûʤ㡣
޺ͻ۽Ĵ󻰣Ҳ˵˵ĵǡ
ȴûʲôµζսزûеڶֿˣҵҲ׼
Ԫ濴ˣ΢ЦҲ̫ģֻҪϸҵļƻô죬ǹǳܵӡ
˶׷׵ͷȻ⣬ҲѯʣҶѾϰ˷ɵ棬ͱ䣬֮ǰ˭뵽սͻȻôϷԵı仯ء
˵ĵж٣
Ԫѯʻޣ޼æµĵһپʮˣдԼʮɮ˵ɮһһʮˣʮˣ˵ĴԼʮ࣬һЩȻˣҲʱûˡ
Ԫ˵ͷգ˵ͳͳҪվԺǽر֤Ժǽݡ
ֿ۽ֵƥж٣
ɣսһٶƥ
ǰԸ׼սƤף׼ûУ
սƤǻԪõģڵóʱ
ɣǰŪˣһֱûù
ܺãһ磬û˵ĵӣȫ֯һ˵ͻ顣
۽ʵɣѵǵĵҪɱȥ𣿡
ûվһսˣһսʤ
۽Щǵ໥һۣǼȻɾӦþĵԼֻرǡ
ʱһӺ˹
Ԫ濴һæʵ׼ˣ
һ˷֮ɫʦ֣׼ˣֻһ̫ŪҲִ٣ȻǱˣʽϾͲ̫ÿˡ
޷̴ȥ
ԪҪһ뿪ֵǰʯͷľ嶼ٷˣ죬Ǿʹɱȥ
ǣ
޵˿гӣҲ˾ܲأ͵ɱڴġ
ֵ̿ʼŵĶߣԪǸһȥ˺ɽ
ոճµĺţԪͿԼ뿴ġ
ʮæµţţħʹʥϵס
ʵףһ˿źƤףģţħ˶һȦ
޴ţͷҲֻ¶ֻţۡ
ԪߵţħǰƤףоǳʵ
ûˣǾʵá
˵ţħķѾ㹻ˣֻǻԪΪ˱ǾٸǼһ
Ƥ׵ֵһĵǹǾûˣ˵ˣţħʸûС
ţħٿʥһװ΢ţħÿһ㣬ױʱƴǶţƤףνӳ·ƣȥ
ҲɾҲۣס˴ʥ塣
ףһͷ
ʥԴ̫ˣ˵ͷȥһԴϣһкŵ򵥵Ĵ֮󣬾ô۵Դϡ
Ԫ浽ʥıʾװţħҲŤŤȥġ
ԪЦŰοһһ£һ죬̣Ūһף֤Ư
˵̣һﶼǼıǿױ󣬴ŴţԲͷһΣ޲ھʹȥ꣬ȥŤĶ
ĶԪҲǰգʱ̣ڴء


259 ֱײţħ
жӣ
ʿתų˼С
ȫϣЩѾٶκεвˣûЩ䣬»Ǹһ£죬һҪΪƽأ
ϹڴָžӣԱ߹ڹۿ
Ϲ˵꣬Ա߲һ䣺ǲҪ²
ڶʹ˵ûУǲҪ²
𣡡
ʿػıֻȫ˺񲼣Щô
ҲƽЩϸ֦ĩڣָӾӿʼɽ
ߵԹƥͨеɽ·Ͼʯ̨·ʵǲʺо
ǧУɽųһ
·ΧǲĹľľ滹дĹľ޷ǰУӵҲ࣬ôӵǰУûʲô϶
ǰѾ쵽ɽţɽ·м仺ƶ
Ϲڶǰͷ¶ں֮УѾ¶ģһҪһѩǰܣɱ⣬ڶʹ˵Ĵ
ݣѾ˳ޡ
飬ոտŵʱͻȻ֣µĴѾˡ
һϹˣֹͣ˶ǰûиóȻĽǰĿء
ﷴΪŴ򿪣϶׼ԼһͶģթ
ϹܵĵһжͣûҼǰǷɿػȥڶʹ
оλãϹܵı֮ɴһ֣ǧʲôϣ
ûϹܵôǣֻҪʵǿһоͶ⣬ԼǧǰУ赲Լǰһ
õ˽ڶʹϹеˣ̷ؾǰ׼ǰ
صǰո׼ǰͻȻŴж
ϹܺǰЩʿ쳤˲Ŵۿ
ǰһĻǵ֪
ʲô
ҵ죡
֣
˶ŴͣŴŴ߳Ķ
һ޴ĹƤףǿǿɽŴ˳ŶҡΡ
ɱ˶ߣͬСɽͷĽббָա
ʢûֶû˵
滹һĹܿһЩüĿһֻޱȾ޴ĺӣȥƺٽϣףͷצץһɫĴ
ǹӣ
Ƿ˰ɣ
һƥͰĺԵ˵ССǺԵĵز
ɾУԼЩ˶ӵɽ·ϣͶ˻֡
ʥţħǾɽ·³壬Ҫͣţħƿһ赲ǰĶʥ;ֹӴɱܴɱٴɱ٣𣿡
һ﷢һֽУ޴𺳣ŵԶЩһ£ԽؾЩȽŷ
ЩͶܵͷԲֿܵģԼȥս
ȥİɣҲΪĵġ
һͷʶˡ
е˶ӵһɽϣû·˰
ûѡǱߵĴѾˣŴ׳ȣ¡¡ıƼֱȼƥսıڻҪֲ
Ĵģͬˮװϸֱ۾һɫԣ
С˲ˣﵶǹһӣƴľΧɽꡣ
ǰʱըӪˣȺһš
ϹѾʧȥ˼άӢ۽ǻ䡣

һӵˣûô
ˣҪ˴̣
ϹԸͷѾ嵽ǰϹֻоһɾ޴ĳײӿ˹Լ˲ƮƮķԽԽߡ
ԭߴĿҲôá
Ϲʶ
ǰľˣľӻ֪ǰ淢ʲô˰˵ǰխɽ·ϡ
ţħһһ̵õ쾡µķӡ
ǰԽԽãֽһС˶ԼٵûУţͷһֻܷͣ񱼡
ǵܱǹţħǰݿһıѸ˺ѡ
ţһΣ˵£ţһƬѪģ
˵ˣû˵ˣ񶼴һֱ״̬֮У˺ѷεĲҽУͺ޵ȣͺΪʲôŪˣԼխɽ·֮ϣĵطûС
ţħļ̤ҵģЩʿǴɱ˵ģţħϵĴʥ
ʥɫƺľһĽâҿѸײڶ֮һһĴ
ÿٵһˡ
µˣһĶ˲ƤǶϽֱۣһغ
ûֵܹûֵܹ
Ѿֹĵˣ
խɽ·Ϊ·޴ʿǱһ·ɱ̤˲ʲôֿ˼׷ƴɽ꣬ϣܶһ١
ɽһ·£ţħĳõ̶ȵķӣأԣγýϡ
żôһ󵨵ģͼõǹһһһù⵽ֻӱԵĹ
һֻӵģϵ˺һϵľ޴壬ȫʧȥ˵ֿʶֻ֪ܡ
⻹꣬ǸĺУһĺٴɱ˹
ǳߴһ·£ɱɽ·һƬǽ壬ûκ֯ĵֿЩս֧ӴԪĸ
󣡵ܱ󣡳ǹںֹǣڶʹˣ
ۿѾһ·ɱ˶м򣬻ڹյľڴк
ҲһЩҵʿͼֿһ£ƽ̵ĶƳǹһ̾ͳΪЦţħ¡¡̤˹ȥûƬ̵ֱͣӽոսͳ䡣
Щиһɱʧȥ־ʿնڵ
Լʿʱ򣬾֪ˡ
ȫˣ
¾һ
ǻ˵֮ǰ˭뵽ᷢ׵飿
Ǿ޴䣬ȿֲĹޣﵽ»Ұ԰ǷɵǺлҰ޵ģ
ʶѾתյϣ
ԼϻѸ£װһСģֱӴƴ굽Աߵɽ֮С
ɽڲûգֻҪҹջţҾͻгɵĻᣬ飬ȥİɣûϵˣ
ţħĽŲΪ˭ͣһǰǺֱײôһ·ɽ³ȥ
ⲻ˸ʥǿͷ˵ܳնһ·ͬٵһӲǧڴһѪͨ
ʱӸ߿¿ֻһ᫵ɽ·ϣѸٵĳ棬滹һս
ǧĴ˿ѾȫɾǱӴܣֻΪһ
սȻûнѾˡ


260 µ
ձ£ʵע
۳͢ǽвòעɡ
͢עȻģһս͢ʤԪҪ֣ݵģʵ۲ܷιռңˡ
һսٿԾ͢ʱ䡣
ǹʤˣ³͢һĻһЩհˣô͢ʹٳҲ̻Ӿǰ׽մ塣
мҲһ⣬ǳ͢û뵽ջ䣬ǿյĺϾٲãҲһ£Գ͢ûü׼ϵͳϢķ״̬С
û뵽վȻꪣǧӣֻвǧӻ֣ݡ
սǧˣʣˣǸɴɽ֣ӱҲˡ
ó͢Щıǽʵۣϣܾ췢ճ׽
˹գ͢ͿȫӦ̫ʦˡ
⳯͢û뵽Ҳû뵽
֪սºϢͬһĴ˽ܶ˶ڵȴţȴ»һ졣
ѾһƬհˣĽֻңһ£һؤֶ棬һħ̷ֶ档
ؤֶһ㲻ԴЩ±ˣԺԡ
ħ̷ֶںҲ쳣ĵ͵Ҳ֪ʲôԭ
Ψһͷʢģڵ¡
ܶ཭ܣǳûϣյشһ󵰸⡣
ĽЩ˴ʧ
ǧӾȻ´ܣϢֱţ
ǿǧɽݿܣ
ǧɽݿܣҲô׵ֵİɣ֮Уֵܵ߸˽Ľָ
һģǽϺĴɣĴɣֻ棬ֶһ¡
Ѿ׼ĽɣʱҲϢˡ
첻£ٵȵȰɡ
һսĽ͹̣ͬһĴ˽
ֻǴ˵սгֵ͹ǰŰɡ
Щ˰ɣ̾Ǵ̣ôô׵鷢
ǲţҲʵڽͲͨΪʲôڹյǧΧ¼ֹ
εķԷһɵģǾںϵѾ赲
Ǻͳ̣͢ǿܻᵣδˣǺ͹մ̣ǾͶµδ޿ˡ
ձѾƣQ˼ˣѩϼ˪ܻ֣ݹӲдȥˣֻòʱգ͢ͻ֣ݣ׽ˡ
ǸʱΪվӵ£϶ܵõ͢˵͢պ󻹻֧Ԯء
һʱ䣬³ΪĿеıأȻ㲻ʥأǾǱأǰð
ܶηɮ£еͷǣ׷ǰ֣ϣܳΪµһԱ
ǰܶģڶͰ͵ţϣܹõַɵؿء
ֻµ£û˼ЩˣҪ黹кܶࡣ
ͼ뿪֣ץɽµЩɮѾвȥˣʣһЩŵģԪҲ뿪ˡ
ܶ˹ڻԪǰڣϣõɵĿˡ
Ԫһûд󷢴ȱЩܱһΣ˵ͻһΡȻǷţͬʱҲһɣܼˡ
οԼҲûеǣǮ뿪ҲԼȷġ
Щⶼ⣬µ⣬ҪֵǾĻָơһսûʲôǸˣΪʱµģֵֵεģԪ治κһΪβʱȥ
«Ĵ󻹵Ѿʣֻһ«ˣԪ涼û˿۵ĸоҩƣȥˣҲˡ
֮ҲҪ׵ĴɨһΣЩٱʬ壬Ҳˣֵɽ׵ĳˢˡ
ô£Ԫ治ɱˣǼȻѾԼţԼȻִУӭͷʹͲܻδ徻š
һεսУԪ汾˲ûεĳֻ֣޵һδεãõ˲ʥͺϬţϣŵȫеɽϵʱһο͵س棬׽˻塣
žۣٸС֣Ҳ˵Ǵ˵еĹǷʵڣôһ˵ڣСҲǿ
ⷢˣµ춨ٷչʱˡ
ս֣ǧˮ𣬴Ѿ䴫Ϊ̸ܰϲֹһأȻǰ;

ɣҪŪ𣿲̫Ū
ڵǷسڵ̲ˣǨºɽϣЩ׼ҵӵŷɸͼֽЩͷ
ԪʥţħˣţħڵҶףȺţͷ׽װΪһޡ
ҶǧӣֹĦƤмƤݣһҶףţħǹ롣
ʥģһƽףȫǷʥӻƽġ
ֻʥǴŵģķѵĲϲ١
״ҪһͷֻͷͲʥϽˣҲǽɫĻƽͷԷΪ
ѥӾˣһʵǲϲѥӡ
Ͱʽֻøãĸ
ԪѵõʥţħδװϾԲˡ
ȻѶȣЩ׼ҵҲǺģʥţħѾΪֵӵʲôóԵԼҲҪȹǣڸǴףǱ˼顣
ѾûˣԪԻصڡ
Ȼսˣﲢû
ΪڣԼûҵԶѰҾûɡ
ϵͳһ£һ֮Ѱһضʧľ飬Լ͵õһγ齱ᡣ
õ齱ҲûʲôʧˣҪ۳һγ齱ġ
һ굽ͷôʮγ齱ÿһλԪ涼ǷǳصģôʧȥһΡ
һ񹦵ؼڴУྭڴ˵УԼܲ¾һµޣѾʣֻʮ첻ˡ
صԺڣԪ滹˼飬Ҫβܴ˵䡣
˼䣬۽ͻȻ档
ɣ˺ܶˣ˵Ҫ
Ԫ濴˻۽һۣҪԼ̫ˣԼһһȥģ۽֣µ棬ȻҪˡ
ˣԪ
Ԫһ£ȻԪĶӵ£׵ˣԼĺ
ǰһڻʹʱԼǸīĶԻֻԼûм
ʱָʲô
Īкµˣ


261 һƨֽ
ӳУ˵ߵӻǲٵģһΣ´ǰģֻ˶ѡ
壬ɣǸˡ
ԪȻԪƺ˺ǲǰ潡ɵī
ϰ䣬ƫƫͲڵĺˣǲעش£ѵ֪иҪ𣿡
īԪЩɸֵζ
壬㶼ڵĳˣôѽ
Թˣ㲻ԸͷӣôͻȥɣɽҲ˱㣬Լȥˡ
ǿɲУֵһ䷽ɻȹҵأҲܾûˣ˵Ҳȥ˭ѽ˼¶δš
˵ҶܽţôҾͲܽţ
īҲһƢģڻʹʱ򣬾׷ŰõĻԪʱ򣬱ӲǺսһȻĹīսҲսȥġ
īˣʵЩԴ󣬺ܰӣʧܡ
ī£ԪҲæ˽۽֪ͨɣ˵Ԫ
ԪõԪϢĵýӥ֮в鿴һ£һ۾Ϳī
ˣԪаϲϴڻʹʱ򣬾˵ͷҪңԪƼ£û뵽չˡ
ȻѾŵĶϤ˶Է⣬ԪҪһ׼ˡ
û۽ԪԪѸٵĻָ˹ž޲״̬ȻͲ󣬵ǳ͵ĸɮ¶š
һԪī˷Ժڡ
īûԪķ䣬濴һ˵һ䣺ⷿӣҲǷ𣿡
Ա߻۽ûڵĽǷ裬ֻһЩիúԼ
ī˵ͷûм˵ȻܿӲһ㣬Ҫ˵Ƿ裬Щţ´Щ죬ԼҪúù۲һС
۽˻Ԫķ䣬ԪʱڱĿ۽ǰɣʩˡ
Ԫ˵ͷʾ۽ȥ
۽ʮΪ񣬻˳ȥ
۽ȥˣԪ沢ûۣ˫ĿţҲûкԪ˵
˵Ԫܲ˵̾ҪǰͻԪкȴīһסˡ
Ԫһ£æȥԼ壬ֻī΢΢ҡҡͷһ˿ζЦݿСɣʾԪҪ
īˣԪҲֻòȴҪʲôá
ԪŲۣīҲվﲻʱôһһεš
ʼʱīΪԪڹ룺ǵҲ֪ˣʹ֪ҵģҲӦ֪Ԫǻӣҿװʲôʱ
ǹۿаʱɻһһɮ붨ģīЩɣǲڻԼˡ
˼ţԼվţζҲȷʵǲôܡ
վһīҲ̲סˣһбȻȷѡ̲סһѻԪп˵ˡ
ڣС۾Լһۣ΢΢ص˵ͷȻֻرˡ
īЩܲˣֶԶȴҵȲŲʣ˵£ΪǴ֮ɡ
ӷ𣡡
ԪһţȻ۾Զ˵λʩ֮֮ƶɮĴ֮⣬ǰλʩǰֵʱҲˣǰĻ˾أ
Ԫ죬û˵룺Ҳˣ岻ð
īŻԪ棺ɣ˵⣬֪Ϊ
Īƶɮ
īһ£룺С˵ֱףԼȻ³ҵ˼Ҳ׵ı¶ϾԼǻʵ۵ĵܵܣݻеģֱ˵ЩҲס档
룬īȻ󣡡
Ȼôƶɮˡ
īģֶϷ򡣡
Ŷǲ֪λʩΪ
ī룬ֻһ
ƶɮѾ˵ֵĴ֮⣬ʩȻǾˣαػҪƶɮ
ԪЩƿԣīһ£βŵʵϷ˷ǰм̽һ¡
ʩ뽲
˵áֲؽӣ֡δʧ֮ˣССĽӣôôһɽأֲʶƭ˰ɣ
ԪԶЦʵ֪λʩԸ飿
˻Ԫɶȥˣһ㶼Ϊ
ԪĿ佱ī΢Цһ˿ԵõɫǱֵĻԡ
Ŷֶ˵£
ĿϷҲ˵˵Ҳࡣīһ£˵˳
Ԫܿó˲δ˵ѣȷʵǾӡ
ôλʩڣ
īָ̧ͷ˵ˣ
ԪЦ֣ҿͷ­ûһϴôװ飿ĪҲƭ𣿡
˻ԪĻīʱһ㶣˰죬ԽԽе
˾ͳϱԪ˵ˣҲǲĵģɼۻʵģ徭Ӱټңѧ伮Ҷࡣ
ʩѧ伮ƣֻǲ֪ʩľΪΣ
ī룬ԻԪϷԿ䣬ϷľҲҲδܼ
ŶȻˣƶɮʶʶ
īվ˻Ԫǰֽʡ
ϷҲͲ˵ˣ뿴ɡ
˵Ժī˱ɣܿд˼仰Ȼݸ˻Ԫ档
Ԫӹһޣ鷨ãʫҲҲǲ
죬մǧ˷紵Ͻ
ʫīԿ侳ˣν˷磬ָģơ١˥ࡢֵȰ־磬Ӱ˵ʶΪ˷硣
īϲᱻ˰˷Ӱ죬ɼӼߡ
ԪЦһ£ʩʫдĹȻǼõģ˷ѵá
ī˵ͷԻԪȻΪǼõģô͸Ϸʫһɡ
Ҳá
Ԫùֽʣ룬̧д֣дԺݸī
īһ̻ðɡ
ֻԼʫԱߣֱдˡƨ֣
ûܹī۾ҪˣԻԪУôĵӣ㲻ͬҵľΪҲͰˣôܳңҸնҪ
Ԫ΢Цʩ㲻Ǻųư˷紵ôһƨֽأ
ī죬˲Ͼͳһ첼ѡ


262 
ʱī֪Ԫ
ǰСɣ˼ݣǻ۹ˣʱʱòƴףʵȴ⣬Ҳ޵ķʸ
ԼǸڴУһĲ
ȻӶĲ⣬īвδжŭǰϲ
ߵ̻û״꣬Լ£Ϊ˿ԺǲĲͬ졣
Լѧ꣬ȴһֱûҵһʺϳҵԺʵΪһ£Լ⣬ԼˣǲУԼѡش³ҡ
ַɵˮƽƺڴµķ֮ϰ
ǵ˻ǲģīҪ̽
ĵضԪ˸ɫԪᣬʱˡ
ԪԻԪɣǴ˷ǰǿֵӿһ£壬һ齭ţ˵Ⱦ׵׳٣ǸΪȵĵ䷶Ԫ־
˵ԺԪԻԪһȻִ֮
Ԫ̬ȣԪδһ㣬ֻЦƶɮ˵˵ö֮ȻֿƶɮҲֻܷ㵽ˣʩ
ԪֵѾ𶯳ҰҲմãǰϣʦʱܹ뾩һλҵ壬īҲһλʿʹµķʦסʦǺѣʦ뾩嶨ܸλʦ
Ԫ΢Ц˵ȥǸʲôͷһٺüʮˣֲû
ԪƺΪԪʦǰȥҿּʣʦΪʦλڻʦ֮£ô˴δʦڿ¼еĹ
īҲԱ߿ˣɲػԪĻҲ԰æֱͶԷɴͣǶԱƲµа˷ֳɹĿԡ
ƶɮȥʦ
ûʦʱ³֮Уɾһ֮£֮ϡ
Ԫһ䣬Ȼ¿˿ĺһȷΧˣŶԻԪϴʦ̵Ԫؾ͵£ԸʵΪģѾõ˸ʵĻģҴ̫ʦһҲѾʷϳ̫λ㹬ڲֻ½޳ͷ֮ա
ƶɮҪϲʩˡ
Ԫﰵԭ£Ԫպзչ
Ԫ΢¶һЩ֮ɫǺָֻܿ˳̬̬ȷʵǲͬˣرǳ
˵ʦպĺӣʱ򣬴ʦ϶ǹʦԪĿУ³˶ʦǻ۲ѧլʺ񣬸ǱӵľˣԪúõĸллʦʵ
仰͵ŵˣֻҪԪеǻһգôԪʢƵĻʦʱվ³˵Ķˡ
οԪԪͻҪСһЩ⻤ʦһϣֻҪԪǻʵۣôλȵģһһˡ
Ԫûһǰˡ
Ԫ˵ֻʵЩ治īȴȻֶʲô
īҲǽŵעŻԪ棬۾Ԫ濴һ˿ԥƺرϣԼӦ
һĳŻʦջ԰ѳֵסֻԪںʲôʦȻ̬ƽȣܹ侲ˡ
ôջƶɮ̽ƶɮ𣿡
ԪﰵЦǹž޲Ԫʩƶɮллˡ
£ʦԪԣʵϣʦܹӦʡպھУ߶ҲһЩԪҲԾȥ̴ʦһЩˡ
Ԫϸ˿Ԫϣƺα
īЩţ˵ϣ˵Ǳвͬؿġ
˲ԪѾö⡣
Ԫ΢΢ҡҡͷʩƶɮҪʧˡ
Ԫһ㶣ʦʦ㶼𣿡
ԪʱվԪʦʲôãƶɮַɣѵһܽ°ᵽȥɡ
ԪԪ˵ȻһҧµλʦҲˣǷԸ⣬ĳպ󶨻ȡ÷ɡ
Ԫ˰֣ʩƶɮˡ
˵Ժ󣬻ԪǰֽʣдһʫݸԪ
Ԫһۣտڲԣʧ֮⡣
īЩ̲סˣԪеֽ˹һһԡ
ҲӴҲߣ飬žƶꡣ
֮īɫЩͻȻãʦ˵úðˣΪ쳾ģ˷ľУѾʤµʦˣ
Ԫ΢Цʩˡ
ûޣûޣʦǫˣȻͲ󣬵ƷԣʵϷƽϷûаѽ
˵ԺīǹЦԪûгɹֶʱ򣬾Ѿ˵£µĽֻһ˵ԸҪʧˡ
ԪЦʦǰʵԪһ°ҲգʦˣԪʵǲǿպԪʱˣǰּʦֻϣʦҪô׵ľܾԪΪҵ֮ͨ
ԪͲҪűͨˣҪҿʦ˿ҲںʲôƨʦǸ˾磬İɡ
ȻԪûгɹȴĲ̫ģԪҲδأʦˣǹΣѣŴʦȷѡ񡣡
ī˰֣룬΢ûмQˣһȺҲͶľ֧ˣʲôΣѡ
˵ԪҲټ̽⣬Ƕī壬Լ飬ɿǺ𣿡
īһĴȣǺˣϷպˣҵУ
ǹϲˣϲѰñأó
˵ԺԪīϲȻԻԪɣϲλҪ³ˡ
Ԫȴûʲô飬ǵÿնֳңֿҲʲô˶ģϲ֮У
Ԫīһ¾ˡ
ôɲͬ
ʱſ£ɣǴûɻܾǵ飬ǿī书ﶼǰͲպ۴ķ潲ܸԺķ㣬вͬһ˵
īʱ򣬲Լû˵Լ书æɣϷһָгɣϰ츳Ѿˡ
ŶڣΣ
Ԫһ仰ҭƿԣī૵Ĳ֪λش
˵ˣλԶǿͣƶɮĴ֮ȷʵЩˡɽˮλƶɮĲǲ㡣
˵Ժ󣬻ԪŪһвҶ
īԪһۣЩɵˣôòҵ˼һء
īۿԸҪɣȴҪԱŸ¾ЩżϻǶҪˣﻹ˼Ȳ裬ֻ۰Ͱ͵ؿɣϣԼ
һлԪ濴аЦŵǲĥһĥҲŪպ˭ġ


263 ǰ?
ûԪЦõ鷢ˡ
Լû̴ӦīͷɴԼŪɮۣͷһ²ˡ
ߣʵϻԪ⣬ֻûбֳˡ
ֵ̫īн֮ģٵȵȣ֣϶ǲˡ
ֻҪŷˣֻҪֵʱԽ϶͸Ӳˡ
µأԽãͻԽãٲκȥԺ˼
īˣԪ뿪ˣߵʱ߻Ԫ棬ȵȫƽˣǸʵӿ϶ҪӲģʱпܻ¿
ԪûʲôʾĻʵۣԼûʲô֮ġ
īȥԪ֮īص˷Ժ
ɣô֣ûûݵģҽʲôҶ޷ش𣬷ԼҲͷˣʱҲУôøŰɡ
Ԫ˵ͷûзȷʵ㣬Ӧš
ֵһԼһֱΪֵĳһǻֱֵĶӡ
оӾֱˡ
ī󣬶Ҹڵĳ֣ԺеǿԼԲںݣҲܲںԷָݡ
ϾߵȻӦõõ㹻ء
Ըīֻ֣һֱɻֱʱӳڶһһûԲģҲʵǲ񻰡
ԼԪ潫һֱͻֱ˶˹ǣӽһֱֶһˣī
īķŻԪһƣȻһָôʺ
ԼķţīҲǷǳ⣬ϲЦտĺһһ񣬴ӴԺīˣֻһơ
һƵıֺܸһֱ֮еҲڻԪ֮¡
һֱˣһһƣһһգһ
ֻһմ֣ݣһʱܻĿǰֻˡ
һƵصǿµʵ
ֵĵһҲ֣ҼʹڣһҲ룬
һƲһԼ˼Σ˽⵽ֵ֮һƶԼ̬ȸӹˣѾָĴˣҪġ
һڵǿֵ֣ʵٴڸ߶ϣѷɫһЩɡ
´֮󣬻ԪͿʼȫѰԶ䡣
ԶˣһҲ֪߻Ԫ棬Զһ͵ڻʹΣûܹҵȻʼҲңôˡ
һ˵Ԫ治ЩɥҲԶҲؾ鲻˵һʧȥһγ齱ᣬʵǷǳ˰յһ顣
ۿʱһģԶû䣬ԪҲؽʵʵҲԼҲû취
ۿʱѾ𽥵ѮѰҾĽѾֻˣԪҲȫϣÿվڷԺڿޣȡճ쾳硣
ʮյ磬ԪͻȻһƺд򶷵
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Ԫ죬뿪˷Ժȥ
ڣǰڶ䣬æ˹ȥ
һԪ־ϲ
ǻ޻۽ˣ˫սһˣǻԪζҵԶ
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ԶսֶȻȲ͵ֶΣΪڣԻ޺ͻ۽ڻ·磬ȻںܿܣʤҲǲܵġ
ЩУҪҶˣǷɵģ
ߣ˵ˣҪץסԶȻԼԶôǵȻҪȥɣ
޴ץõ𣿡
˭֪ǲǹӽǷĻأȥɱȽϺá
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ԪаϲˣȻЩΣǺôˡ
ӷ𣡿ຣޱߣʩܼʱͷҲǹˡ
Ԫ˵һ׻ǳΪʲôԶܽͻ
ʱԶͻȻڻԪǰ۾Ứʦ㣬Ⱦңһڵɣ

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ϰԺҾǱѧϰ澭ģ͵ȡ飬ҲΪ˺㻻ȡ澭ؼ
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Ȼٴν֣һҵĹͷˣңͻܸҽĺʦȾҰɣ
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ԶȫϻԪƣʱڵѾ⡣
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ʩ£
ԶԪ淢ʣٴʩԶɣ̵ܽԶ澭
Ԫ΢Ц澭ؼĺĵӲܴڣʩǺĵӣֵӣƶɮܴڣ
Զԥһ£ɣ̵Ҿ澭ôֻҪԶԸ֮󣬱ضǰֳңԶ̷ҡ
Ԫ΢΢ҡҡͷ²ס
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࣬͵ϮǴλսľ裬һҪƶɮƺʱͽλӳɣ


266 ɵѡ
Ѯʱ䣬еʢƺĿͶɽ
պͷɣ˼лɽΣڵϦ͢ٽɽսֻ֣͢׼Ĳ֣ͶľӲ࣬սһսսս
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˫һɱѽѷ֡
ʢƽʿҲⳡԿеս֮С
ǽվǽˣںݵʱǳԿֺܱܶɱ֧鱻ɢ
Ψкųƺλӵһֶֻ飬ⳡս֮ΪԾֵҲ㡣
֧µķһģʼʱǼ͵潻棬ʡݵһȳЦ
ǵҪΧǵ˵ĺ󷽣ɣ˵Сɲӣ͵ϮԷݳӣȥյ˵ĴֻڶԷ¶
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ʡݵƾһǻѪͣؽ˵Ĳӣʧء
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Ԯ֮ɽڷת
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ҲֻλӵһжˣɹˣԲʧˣٲ
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ӳΪȥ߻ұߵĴֻͺˣʮҴ󴬣ջҲô׵ģҲҪС
ܶ˵ͷʾͬ⣬λֵܼѾսԻˣڷɣҲҪˣûҪǵƴƴĽ£ֻջһ־ͺãȫջٲʵ
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ԪɳϿʼͼٵķһָ㣬ΧİҪﶼΧ£˹ķɶӳָһս
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߸ߣ뿪ʯ棬һŮͷɴվ
ɴ֮£촽ҧ³һ䣺ɵӣ


267 һ,!
ҹĺˮЩЩ̡
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񣬶ʱıھЩ󺣴֮ˮǱε֮¸ûʲôѶȡ
һ·ǰУ˴󺣴档
ԼЩˣ͵Ϯɣ˵ĴֻЩɣ˷ҲȽˣһֱصѲߣֹ͵Ϯ
ҺֱǱε˴ײλЩɣΪǶȵĹϵ淢ֲǡ
˵һҴ󺣴֮£˶ݵһȻԪԸС飬׼λ
ǵ񣬾Ǳʱ׼ǴԼĸϿˣǾҪŻ
˷׷׵ͷµ˵ʲôѾûˣֻаնӳķԸ²гɹĿԡ
Ψһѵ㣬ǶӳҪе̫شˣһɣֱǲ顣
һС׼λСǰ󴬵ײǱȴԪȥ
һĶʮ˶¶ˮϣĿ⾼ؿǰĶӳ
λʩλͬ
Ԫ˵һ䣬˶ϢʱǾȻһּĸо
ҪΪƶɮģȻƶɮұ֤Լܴ򵽵ڼȥҸұ֤һһġǵĶҪ죬ǵʱ䲻ˣٽҴȼȥʮƶɮ򲻵ʮˣôȼĵд񣬾Ҫˡ
ӳ
ʮɱʿһ̾ȻЩʡ
ˣƶɮ򲻵һ;ûˣƶɮһţһᣡ
Ԫ˵֮ˮһԾ֮ɸߣһƣżһ㴬ٴηԾֱϴء
ӳҪأ
ʮ˶׼ûлԪǵṦΪ˽ķպǸ׼˷ץʵþߣ͵Ǵһ̡
Ԫ˺û̵ı¶ǿ׼һ˵Ļᣬ˼װ塣
ֺܴмʮΦˣ޴ĴѾ׼𣬺ܶˮֶ׼λֻҪӱ̾ͿԵǴ𺽡
ԪƶļƻǣǴԺҪɱһ󣬻ܶԷ˺һŪΦˣΦһ˾ͿŻմˡ
ֻһԪʮİɻؾ˶ѣ֧֣һ·ɱȥˡ
µǣʮǧؾԼ޵ģδ쾳磬ϢγѭЩ̫ķĹԼʹá
֣ʨӺ𣬱Ųоָķǳģá
õķƾƷһһ˻
ȻЩɣ׼񣬵ǱϾͨˣһͨԼ׶Ҳࡣ
׶е࣬Ҹ˵ǹܶԼ˺
Σһ·ĳɱȥ
ԪţЩֻ֮䣬϶໥֧Ԯ벻ģ֧ԮΪǵģǵ˵ĵɽƣһǷֱ֧ԮôԼĴͻϮ
ʵϻԪǰùְ취ĸҷֱ֧Ԯô»
ĵ˴ͷλԪսӴͷʼ
Ϊͷˣǿ˴ҪͷȫɱҴʵ̱һ
ڴϵѾ͸λˣװʮˮѲš
ԼһĻɱǽղˣʱ䲻ˡ
ܿһЩѲܼĵط󣬻Ԫͱ¶ԼΡ
һɣˮ˻Ԫ棬һ£ȻͻȻҪ󺰡
ԪʩչṦһԾǰ̧һǴƣдؿڣ
սҪ̫໨ڣԼĴֱֱȥļΪʵã
һȥɣˮؿݣ¡ֱӵɳʮףʬ󺣣Ϊ˻Ԫµĵһꡣ
Щ󣬱ԼԼУ
Ԫһƣ֪Щˣһȣǰ壬һոҪתͷķɣˮɱȥ
˻δȻͷԺһ磬ֱӱԪһƻͷ­׶
ûжٵѪûԽѣһεȸոպá
ɱˣڱɣˮǷˣмĺ
Ԫû˼ͶԷֱ봬ͷڣпƶģе۲ģȻɱЩ˲
ˮˣԪ̴Сеغ
ԪһԲ·ɣһһĽͳͳɱ
ʵǷǳɣЩûʲôûװһֱȥԪоɱǧ˶Ρ
ʵܾܲ⣬Ѿʮɣˮ嵽˴ͷų
Щ˵Ҫǵֶ孵бģ˫ֻ裬ܴ
һƬλεĵ棬Ԫûп֣ĻɱǣǽֱϾ̫ܲþͲã
Ҳûм뿪ڣϾխԷ˶Ҳ޷ȫ÷Լһɱ
λζԪһŴҿѸײڶ֮ɱˡ

˸³
һĲҽк͹ֽ쳹ҹգвϵӡ١ҹصҴܿըӪˡ
ҴڵңҲ׷׵˵ƻ𣬺ܶˮڼװ߹ۿ
յŴ򿪣ŵǹʼװ塣
ʱ򣬻Ԫ治ټڣ뵽ӹĿռȥ
׺ݵƷʹֱӽſڵʿɣһԾڣ»ص˼װ档
ǰӿıԪ˫ֺʮһ䣺ӷ𣬷ϣΪʢݱƶɮտɱˣ
ѵԪת÷׮ҡ£ɶ棬ǰ壬˫ײֱӽ˶С
һƬ׹裬ѵӸ
æһŶԷϣԪٿǰ˫Ʒɣͬһ㣬һҽУٴν˴󺣡
̶ʱѾɱʮˣԪմѪ
ΪˮƲɮ۴ʱҲЩʪֱ۵ʱоЩأԪɴٴκһɮ˳־ͳ
һ˸߸ߵԾɽһֱԼͷ
һ֣ɮֱӭȥڰ֮нǸ˻УΪؼӹԵԭס˴˵Դ
ѾҪ£ȻԪסԴɲϷƾŸоһ£
˸£
Ԫ΢΢ЩԾ˵ƺѾͨ˵С
ϸһϵ·Ǻɫģ
һˮǰɫװºɫģӦЩλЩʵġ
һˣһģҪ˶ѣ
΢΢һ㣬һգԪһţдؿڡ
Դϵɮ˲䱻죬һѪ
嵹ɳȥҵˡ

Ԫһ󳩿죬ﵱôʱˣʹһΣԼûѽ
ûңûҰɣպµƶɮҲҪһأ


268 Ӣ
˦ɮۣԪһǰ¶˾׳
ѧϰϵͳ书֮ȻǱؼõģ¿һ˿׸⣬ͭɫƤ̺űըԵ
⺣ˮƷɣɮ
ԪŭһһԾֱ˶ԷȺ֮Уơ÷׮ֹϣȺһƬȷѪ꣡
ĵգʱһѪ𣬲ʱ˲ҽŵ󺣡
ӣȵӡ
Щɣ˲ͣعֽţ޴󣬸ʲô
һ׹ڻԪ߻裬ڻԪ滹ʮ㣬Щ⽣Ӱڻ˺ԼҪ죬ҪһЩ
ҪĻɱˣɱȻȥŵΦˣŻմ
һҴ󴬵ĸһҴϵ˾ؿҴϵľ
¸¡
һɣľңңţﲻԽطһ
ͷˣǸ𣿡
ǵģӦʢƵɮˡ
ԱҲк˵òģĳٽš
ɮˣӦǲɱΪˣɱôˣ
٣ΪǽǵĹɱǵĺܶհɡ
ɣٳһҴϵս̫ˣϰΧһɱȴһıԷɱֱӴ亣УȥҲҴҲɱС
ûǸӵĺеڻģûһˡ
Ҫʲô
ѵΪɱ˶
ɣЩˣǸͬħĺУɱһˣȻɱԼ
ҪҪȥԮһǣ
һһ佨顣
ž
ûУһݺݵ˹ȥעֱͷԡ
ߴʱܸо
ԪѾһ״̬ԷһһԼвСԼ˾澭ǿ壬涼һˣս죬Է˶ľżƾԼڲ
ǲԭ
һƣһƣԪȺ֮вͣÿһƣȻһ˵¡
ѾǵԼɱˣӦн˰ɡ
ٴεĳƣ˴֮󣬻Ԫڿ׼һᣬһԾȺֱҴΦ˳Ծȥ
һέɽʩչûܸԼٶȣԪֱ˴Φһһƻ
ꡱһ죡
֨֨Φ˿ʼ㵹
Φжʮ׸ߣǴΦˣһ̩ɽѹĸо
ϵķɣʿ̵غţӴţŬĶҹΦˡ
һ죬Φص˼װϣװѣùֱӿѪıҽ˴棬֪
ǰţΦ˵ˣ˾ͿŻˡ
Φ˵´һңȺɢǻԪֵĴʱ
ɱ˳ȥܶķɣʿԪٴιԽĿʼӴܣе书̫ߣֲ̫ˣ
ֲ飬ԪһҲǻȥˣȱ壬־֣뾡˵Ż˳
ոջɱˣͻȻһ磬Ԫо͵һһһԼ߲
̧ͷһԶһ·ɣ̧ŹɵɵԼƺжԼһ
У
ԷľеԶԪҲٴιȥ׷ɱˣ̧־һָһָ䴩˶ֵؿڣ·ɣصȥ
ոһָ䵹˶ԷһˣԪ滹ûüˣͻȻ䴦зŵæ
ۣ
㿪ҪһֻһƤ⣬
һˣ
Ԫüͷû뵽ҴϾȻЩĺߣЩԼϡ
ɣĺߣʵҲֻǺڵˮƽ
ûԪȥɱһɱһƬ
Ⱥ֮Уǰ͵ϮЩ˷ʤˡ
ȻԪ̧ɱߣҲԾӰ
ڵһҴϾˣⲻһõͷԼΪԼǰҴ϶Ӧ̫⡣
ȻԼûȫйأҲվ
ɱˣԪûսʩչṦֱһΦˣȻڿӵĶһͳһҩĨ䡣
ȻҩܺܿκԼˣԷ˿ڲѪ
˷׷żԪĨһ½ҩͼæͶս
ʱˮµĵһСϴ֮Щɣ˾ͷĵˣ׷׾ֵؽš
Ǻ£һжɱķˣôˣЩ˶еʵԼҴϿûܻˡ
Щ˲ûͶսں׼ʲô
͵ζʱЩںͻԪķɣھˡ
Ҫմ
ֹǣ
ʣһٶɣʿӿȥ׼ֹЩҪŻˡ
ԪԸһǸԼϵΦ˺
ʹȫΦصװȥ
䣡
һ֮ľͷװܲס˿
ǰʮɣʿһʱûסţص˴档
ʣ˻ҪװĶѴԪҲ˲ñˣ̧һָɱʮˣ赲˵һĹơ
³һոյЩĵĹˡ
Щɣʿһص㣬
ʹǿĵˣҲ׵ոջԪһǻ裬ϣһƻļ档
ԪϢûȫƽֻٴ͵˵ɱ֮С
ʱĻԪ棬ѪҲֲ˻ûˣŻЩ˺ˮٶɲá
źĻ𣬻Ԫǳسһˣ
ջһд͵ڶϾһǧɣʿĹ·ֵã
ǰڷֿܺȵİɣʿԪǾ뿪Ѿûˡ
ʣµķɣʿҪˣΪѾû˻ؼҵ·
һС˷Ծ´󺣣ջԪķԸһǱζȥ
Ԫ汾ˣҲ˴ֻǱˮУҪһĿǰ
֪һĿ϶˷һսûôˡ
ûע⵽һӰһֱһСΦ˵ķ緫档
ɵϣôӢۺܹ𣿡
ڻԪ˵˲䣬ذ׵СĵĨ۽ǣȵԪ봬֮ҲӵһԾȥ


269 ؼ
ԪʧˣڶҺľ̾Щˡ
ˣǸֲĺˣ
ȫ˶ŵΪǱˮˣпܴһ򹥻ǲòȫעĽ䱸
һǲ´ˣԪûȥڶҴƹ˵ڶҴҴȥ
ҴˣΪǸлȥڶңȻҲţǾûôˣһֱڶҴ߿
һɢԪ͵õ˻ᣬĵ˵Ҵ
СľۣսǻԪҪġ
Ҵϵķɣû뵽ֱԼˣԵԪϴʱǶ˻ۼڴһ࣬ŵڶҴ
һٶ˾ۼһ𣬻Ԫһ
һΣԪʹһЩֶˡ
ѸٵĿȺǷʱ򣬻ԪͻȻһ
һǱȽϹģΪǰȫˡ
ȫǵˣõĻ˵⡣
ǰûôĻᣬԻԪһμǲһͽֱܶĻ˹ȥ
ﵽ۷徳ʨӺԼȻһĲСѾֵˣһȥķɣʿ߰ʮˡ
˭վôܼһɤӻԪԼⲻȥ
ʹûлԵЩˣʱҲӻ磬ֶϱ
һȺ׸ĵˣԪͷϲɿس˹ȥ
һƶˣֱʡĴȴƣһһ׵˺
ûʶˣʹˮҲˤ˻ˤԪһٳֱ֣ȥʮˡ
ЩˣԪΦ˴һΦˣ֪ͨ
ҴĽǱȽ˳ģЩԺ󣬻ԪֱҴȥ
ղŵʨӺѾ¶Լһƣ˵ҴԪûôˣֽ˿ս֮С
ڵҴսУԪٴθˣѸٵµҩһභɱ˽٣Ƿ˵Ҵ
ʱѾϮҵдԪҲоƣ
վˣվýգ˵ʵ̫࣬ԪƣԼսҴҲͲൽˡ
ҵдԼһ˶ܶ඼еҴǱȥˡ
Ҵÿһҵ棬ѾʮԼˡ
ӦЩʲôˡ
ٴͨӥ鿴һķɣӣ뺣ѾֻʮľˣѾһ·̣Լûһ
뵽ԪѸپҴһٶʮеʮ˸ԼһǴȻƵڰңȻʣİʮˣǰھҴ
ߵĹжͬʱչˡ
һ浶ǹĶݣǻԪλӻʤˣǿгٵоԼһٶʮҲ˾ʮˣʮֵɽˡ
ʮҺֻʣڶģ壬Լǰĵʮҡ
ϻҴ˶š
Ѿȵõ֪ͨԲȺģԼһҲҪˣȴ˴ƻǶǳȴҲ뿪
ǲ뿪ãԪԸ¶ʮ˺ԼһʣǰڶҴҴҲ״ԼǼʮҴ
һΣ෬սĻԪٴҲʣѾദˣҲʮҺ׷ա
ʱ򣬻ԪǿҪһˡ
СԼѾ˺üˣϵ˸ʹ˲֪ٽҩǾҵ˶Լ˿ڲϱѣЩӽҪʧѪɵġ
ڶҴǱߵսѾ˺ðˣԪ֪ڶҴ֮Լµλӿ϶Ԫˣǿˡ
ǲԼһѾв
ټһ°ɣֻҪٻҴϵؾԼͻˡ
ΪҴ͵ңֻӵ콢ͻңԼǿ
Ϊʲôս˼ҵ£ԼûСأԭСһʼȥҴĵ´ף׼ˮ
Լ֮ҲͣزҲȥҴҪǾûϣ
ֻҪǲͷܣԪĽǳ
սھڹҴʱˡ
ɫ·ķɣ˳ڵϡ
һ˶ˣԪ;鷳˷Ѿ쾳ĸ֡
գԪԻںĴӦԣԼڶںˣôӦͨڡ
ǽղͬˣԼ˲ᣬԷݴͣԼ»ҪһභС
ɱ󣬻죬ҴϼҵսѾܳԶڶҴ
ΧͬȺһΧԼߣϵĶԼ
Ⱥ֮еĻԪ棬ʱʱ֣ʱʨӺڿзÿκһԼûɱ¾
ָڽڵĸֻɱ󣬻ԪѾû˵ˡ
˶ѾԶ룬ͬհĺС
ԪҲ̷һŴ󻹵ײײ˴ߣȻһͷºС
Ҳ֪ˣԪûͨӥҲ˷ɣӴܵľڳ˺ߡ
ûʱˣ˵Ĳˡ
ԪЩģҵд뿪ôɣ˿϶ҲҪߺܶཫ켶εϮͲɹ
ԼѾʲôˣںˮƯţ붯һָѡ
϶ദ˿ڵѪԼϵš
ϧˣ
վûܾȫ
ѾԼλӵˣΪԼֻҪɣ˵ľӵˣ˾뿪ǲѾմɹս
ǶˣԼһ
ǣԼߵûˣ󻹵ȻڿٵԼҲǶʱھܺõġ
ʱ򱻵˷֣¾ˡ
ںϿŷɣ˵콢ԪͻȻо콢Щбأ
Ȼб
Լһڴ˶ԷĴҴû
Լ콢ľ벻Զܿ콢Ĵϣµķɣ˳֡
˷ŭؽһĿ⣬䵽ƯںĻԪϡ
˸£
˴콢һԾ£źϵĻԪ
ˣ
޴ӵĻԪʶΣգʱֹԼɡ
ʱ򣬺ӥˣ
ϧԼ׵ԸûɣΪԽߣҪôȥˡ
ȻֿҲͲֿˣԪ۾ȴʱ̵ص
ҽдԪһ¾۾
Ѿ촦ĵ亣С
˭
Ԫ﷢һ΢ѯʡ
ˮһֻСץסԼ½󣬻ԪǿŤͷһ£ͻȻϲص㣬ôˣ
õ۽Щ죬һ»Ԫļ򣺡ȥһЩɵ£Ҳģؼҡ
ؼҡ
Ԫã˵һ䣬͵ͷЦãؼң߰ɣߵǼҡ
˵Ժ󣬻Ԫ΢΢ر۾ܿͽ˵Ļ״̬


270 ϵͳȡ
µ׵Ѿ·ߵ޾ɵĴͷΨǲ֮еĻ
Ӵ˽ſڵĻҳ
Ժ֮䣬ԪоЩġ
ͺ˯峿ʱʲôˣͻȥŪһ¡
ԪҲֻһ£һƳָ⻬
ʱûʶʲôֻоůģΧĿú

Ԫķһ壬ΪԼڷԺ˯
һֻС˹ס˻Ԫ֣ԪҲû̫ʶֻסֻС֣ڰΰ֮ǻ
Ժ֮УԪţǲǸˣǲҪأ
˯ɣԼоܷûˣץֶֻЩղסĸо
ţΪʲôԼץһֻ֣
˼ЩңԪֻ뵽ԼںĲɱɱԼνˡ
ѵԼΣ
һԪЩͷۣδܵؾͲȥ̫ĶϻδѣұľͲȥˡ
촽£оЩڿʡ
һĨڿڱߴԪ汾ܵſ죬ˮؽ븹ڡ
һˮо˺ܶ࣬ƺûչԪоЩۣ̲סһ

չǣ˿ڣԪ̲סһ̾˲٣оЩʹ
꣡
һЦڶ𣬻Ԫ͵ۡ
ͰﶥԲԼķԺΧһУԼİġ
Լߣһͷںڳ˳ĴӼ򴦴£һֻԼ֣һֻڻԼĳ
һɰ׾ԼǰǴŵЦ⣬ŵԼ
㡭
ûòҪҶˡذһ»Ԫļֹ
Ԫע⵽Լϸһӣļ¶棬ٵĵطǱƹˡ
ԼظоӶԼĦԼû·
ĵƿһ㱻ӣԪͻȻһְѱѹȥ
ΪʲôԼһ·ûУ
ٴο˰һۣõ̺ǻЩСģԻԪǳƽˡ
乬֮УΪ˸ˣԪ·ѹ⣬Ϊ˸ԼˣҲԼ·ѹ⣬һԪ濴ԼϺܸɾ϶ǱùģһȻǳƽˡ
ҲԣԼǸ˶ֿΧģԼȴʲôûС
ÿԪ˼ɫ죬ҧ촽Ҳ㴩ˣɾףȴѣǵԼɡ
Ԫһ£Ժ뵽ʲô棬˿Ҳεĺܣһ¶ͷ㣬ô£Ҽǵ֮ǰںͷɣ˴š
ǵģѾˡ
Ԫ潥ػָ˼Һôˣ
ҶˣȻҪŪǲС
Ԫ֪ԭĺбȷʵҪûˣǳûĹͣ󲿷Ҫ鹦Լİ㡣
ʱߵģ
뿪µʱҾ͸ˡ
Ԫһ£Լ뿪µʱô֮ǰǸ˭
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ȻԪ淴кܶ鲻ÿˣֻǶ԰õ㣬Ѿˡ
һ£֪ϢŵԼѾȥǳ⡣
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ԼȻûпУ˿ɲôöԸģȻ
Ϊɱһ˺ôľɡ
ûƶɮء
Ԫ˵ûʱԸ棬ȷʵûԼ֣ʮ޺䡢ʥһ˻棬Ķ֮¡
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Ҫ˵ллģ׽ˡ
һ£¶һЦݣ˰ɣȥŪԵġ
˵갲վȥ
Ԫע⵽ôһֲذףͨũŮһ
һ·ϣҲˣɫһϡ
оһڵ󻹵ҩѾˣûУеĶˣҲڿٵĺת֮С
Լתˣиģûʲôˡ
ʲôطأ
Ԫ͸⿴滨̣ȻһũԺӣҲ֪ðԼʲôط
һԪͻȻǲԼϵͳ齱ʱˣ
Լںͷɣ˲ʱ򣬾Ѿ¶ʮߵˡ
齱ʱǶʮˣҲ˵Լող꣬齱ʱ͵ˣҲһγ齱ɾһΣ³齱һΣһء
˻ˣ
ԪЩðϽͨϵͳȥ鿴齱
ϵͳʾ
³齱ʱ䵽Ƿгȡ
ѰҾȡʱ䵽Ƿгȡ
ʾ飬Լûгȡϵͳ͸Զȡ
ȡˮǷʹöĲܣ
ȡڶ㣬ǷʹöĲܣ
Ҳ飬ԼûѡϵͳԶ˶ĲȻγ齱ͽˡ
˶εĳ齱ԪᣬȻôγ齱Ļᡣ
ȻûԼĿƣ齱Ѹö
ˮϵͳûȡڶȡ֮ԼԶˣѧϰˡ
Ȼ̫ãǶҲЩô
ȳȡˮ֮ԼֻҪٳȡĸѡͻϵͳʧˣͱպٳȡöĻʹ˺ܶࡣ
ڶ㣬Ǹʵˡ
ڶԸǰ뾶ʮ׵ֱӽԺ޿ɵڻԪ˵Ǻõġ
Ҫں죬ԼҲɱôѾˣԲʮ֮ڣԼ׹ԷԺöʧȥֿ
պɽҲǲȱġ
ûȡˮԪ濴˿ϵͳʱ䡣
ã¶ʮţʱ仹ûȥãȥɽĻӦûûе
ֻǲ֪ʲôطһҪʰòС
ʩչԼˣĿǰԼ޷ж
һһƮ
ŲԪһ̾Щˡ
Ժϵһ˿βͣѬĺ˵ģﻹһһڵ࣬С˽
续üĿԪһӿ
Ҫ·𣿻ũŮչԼˡ
ö˽ŻԪ㶵ؿԼҲһЦɣҵһҲ֪ô
Ԫ˵ͷڴϵŰá
ֱ˻ԪߣСҨһ㣬͵˻Ԫߡ
Ԫͷһڣ̣
ʵ̣öĵĴˣֻǻԪϣʱܳľһЩչԼ࣬һܡ
΢΢üǺðɡ
˵Ժ󣬰һֶ࣬һָһĺۣɿؾۼ
˲ĺһֽЩ䵽档
Ӧòˡ
ŰԪ㶵ٴγһڡ
Υˣܵĸо
ĻԪᡣ


271 ͬ
Ԫصǻָ죬ʱ峿˻ƻʱѾԼһЩ򵥵ƶѾûˡ
ǿĻָٶȣðöǳȣΪԪҪϢԺµء
ŻԪԼĶ̿ӣת뿪˷䡣
һٽԪѾˡ
Ȼϰûд·ܶ˿ڻţ˹ŰҲʲôԼǧǰӶ£ѵǰһİ㲻ɡ
öڻԪһҲ⣬óһЩѣ˻ԪĴߡ
㣬ʲôط
ɽ
ҸоһЩζ˺ˮѵǻں𣿡
һѷŵߣԪ£ʵѾǲֻܶѵһߣﲻһЩĸо
ǵģ뺣ܽһ͵ˡ
ôСӾס
Ǯ򵽣һӣҵûʰͰˡ
úɵ˵ţԪЩⰲڽǮʵûʲôСƷӶˡ
һѸԪݹȥ㲻ҪΪǺһǮΪⷿԭֻһŮסɾȥסЩ˵ķӣǸǮҶȥġ
ԭǳԭ򣬰ÿƺЩģɾĵط϶ǲϲġ
֪ߵˣ
ɹˣЩܶûܻȥɣ
ԪŨŨϲãһѪûа׷ѡ
ʱ֣ס˻Ԫ֣Ԫ棬㲻ܼɵˡ
ƶɮ
ͻȻֵص˻ԪһۣûԪ̼Լڳ⣬Գƶɮ˰õĵ飬ɱ죬ģԼȥ˺ڶΡ
㣬ллһ·бҡ
ͻȻЦһ£˵ģҪ˵ллģ׽ˡ
ԪʱƿԣҲǿЦһ£Ϲˡ
ûлشԪĻȼϵ͵ơ
ɫŴϣòڵסˣƵĵƹڣСݰů
һЩˣһͻȥӣҲȥ
˵Żص˴¡
㣬ϾҪ·ˣһҪȥɽ
һ£ȥɽĻǸ·¾Ҫ졣
ھϦо죬ӦûüϢһգͲˡ
ŻԪᶨ񣬰ͻȻЩǲҪˡ
Ԫ̾Ϣһ֪ɽ֮Ͼʲô飿
֪һЩӦٰҪˣϦȥɽȢס
ʲô
Ԫоô鷢
ҪȢ˭
Щص˻Ԫһۣ⻹֪ȻҪȢĪаŮˣȻɽ֮ϲ˭ء
ʱ棿
ȻģٰѾ㷢ˣҲģֻǸʱɽˣ¡
Ԫβԭ
ѹ޲˵ҪԼϦǰɽȥԭǶٰϦȥɽȢףǾԲͬģȻ޲²Լš
ɤЩɬԪʵٰǶĶӣĪаħ̽аǱˮݵģô鷢
Щ飬˼򵥵ƶϣΪδؾûиож
ƺԶ̫ð˵һ䡣
ĪаأǸʲôˣ
ĪаǸϰţ־ҪԽ׷Ѫħ书Ҳȷʵ壬ƽĶۣҲĶ֡
Ԫ˵ͷ˵ħʮ֣ȴĪа֮ⶼڣѾ֪ʲôʱϻˡ
ԼĻ桢žѾڵĸˡ
ʵģΪĪа书һ֮ϡ
ͬΪڣ˴˲ҲǷǳģͺԼݷ硢˵ȣҲڣžǰ˵ȫһǾԲͬһεġ
ʵ棬Ӧˮƽǰμ
ǻ˵ܳǽõģҲֻЩϹŶˡ
ʱּĪажʱûˣħ̳ڵܹ죬һЩϹȥħ̣Ǿ淢ʲô˵֪ˡ
Ԫ룺Ϧ죬ٰӭȢħ̿ɷ˹ۿ
ûеõϢٰ׷ǰȹ񣬵ħ̷棬Īаһֱûг棬Ҳ֪Ϊʲô
ԪЩջԼƣǲܿãͻᵢǰɽг̡
ȻӥȥĻܶ࣬ǰأӥ²Я˰ɣԼôҲ˦öһǰ
ȻǰͬСŮĽƽϣԼôˣɻܡ
ԻҪĺԪţҲĬĬþˡ
ÿԪļ˼û˵ڴߣŪԼĳ
ʱεεţԪٴйһ죬ʱѾҹī֪ʲôʱˡ
۾ûڴţԪ澪ȵصΪλûϢ
ֻһŴҪȥϢ
Ԫʱйһ죬ָֻһЩԱŲһ£Ȼ԰õ㣬ӵô͡
еġ
ҲŪһűӣڴϣһֲ̫ţͻԪ澡һľ롣
ﲻͬ乬֮УǸʱ򣬰û취˵úأûлԪָֻƾԷڲ׽Ҳ֡
ﲻһˣԪǸߣԼչˣԼҲ񵱳Ԫ汧Լһı
Ȼ˼Ȼ໥ǣǻԪͰöַǳǵˣ˰񣬸ڴһߡ
ȴһ𣬱˴עŶԷ
㣬²ƺһЩ°Ͷˡ
Ҳ˻ԪһۣԪ棬ϴθдţΪʲôҪôд
⣬ԪҲˣһֱ׽˵дˣ
ߡ
ڱǿ淢һȻ뻳Ԫ浱дԼ˳ݵ˻Ԫ
ԪɻĽ˹Ͽ¿Ҳδס
ԽԪװͿԽ̲סԪһ£ȻָָԪдǸס֡
һ̣ԪŻȻԭ
Ҫ밲ýأ
ͷ˵ʲôȴûע⵽úԼľѾˣղͷԼָģ˵ľܽ
ԪһͷǼزõӡ
һ˳˿Ҳ䵽˻Ԫϡ
ٴĿԣһΣֻвʮס


272 ˼Ů
Ԫ棬Ƿţܿģ
͵Ʋ֪ʲôʱϨˣ˵ľȴûԶںڰ΢΢ţգۡ
οԿҵģ
ķ㲻ϴԪҲöͻرȥ˺ãҲš
һ䣬һֱķ𣿡
Ԫһ£⣬Իشġ
˵ɣϵͳԼƽʱҲҺ˼룬һһ㣬Լ̫Ѫһ£Ҳ
£ס˻Ԫ档
Ԫû̻ش𣬰üû̻ش֤ԥ˶Ϻ쳾˲ԥһĻ׵Ҳԥأ뻹ףЩ᲻¶Բԣ
Ԫٴαõı־סˣܿԼ룿
Ϊʲô˿Ž㣿ѵѲ𣿡
ʴϻۣҺ
ʱؽС쵽˻Ԫı棬Ԫ֣˵ֽһ
Ԫ棬վǸá
ԪҲЩˣ˵ͷ㣬Ҳֹһεǡ
ʱҲ˺ܶ࣬ʲôգ˵
ǻԪ˵ϵͳԼ֮£ֻ̾Ϣһһмûɡ
ϴκ˵ãִµһ𣿡

µһ֮أ
ЩٸʵףǻԪ޷һһĽͣ˵һҪҵͯӹҪϰܾá
㲻ܿҵģ
ʵǲûش𣬻ԪɴְƤ߻˰ý¡
Ҳѽǲ뵱еģȻƽʱֵúأ˾һʦͷһʦͲ˶Խˡ
ҡ
Ԫ˵Լûô仰ȴζ˵ڣǲԽٴս˰õ֡
һ⣬һҪʵĻشңҪ
Ԫͷ
õغЩأ˰죬ǿڵϲ㣿
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˵ΥĵĻǿڵϲ
˲䰲ý촽β
ںڰʣΪԪ濴ǻԪ治ÿܸоõ
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һ£ƻǻԪģһ̣ؿڶ޴Ҹ
һ̽Ų굽˻ԪĻ
Լ§סʱ򣬰õˮڴʪ˻Ԫš
°͵סõĶͷԪ㣬ϲ㣬оģ᲻֣Ҳġһѵѡʵҵڶûȫá
׻Ԫģ˵ͷ㶮ãѡһ졣
һ̰ˣ뵽Ϊֹû顣
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Ԫ̾ϢһȻǸУһˣȻˣһи顣Ҵȱ֮ţȰ˷ԵҪִڸ飬ȴǽ顣
ٴ̧ͷѵ̲ǽ̵֮𣿡
ˣĴˡ
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ԵۣԵɢ
૵˵䣬ڵԵֵ˰ɡ
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ýرԪĻˣŻԪ棬ϣؽȥ
ǰ˫нܴůͬʱҲʹ࣬Һͽ㣬һ˵ﻰһ㶼ͽֿ
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Ƿҵ˵ܸҵԵ֣Σ
Ԫ濴ŰýԼĻЦҲܸ½㣬޷޳׹ֻˡ
ԪĻգգ۾ͷٴηڻԪǰĵص㲻޳Ҫ׹ֻأҲȥ
ֽм§ĽһЩԪʵҲ֪ûûֻأ֪ȻǵԵˣôرҲãҲǽ㣬һζرܣֻʹ࣬ſԵĿһЩ
ѽҲ㡣
˵ֵ꣬˵öԣվԶôȥվҪֵһ졣
Ԫ̾ϢһεĿȰվҪһŵ
ǧպãްպ죬Ҳһɲ䣬ҪЩ飬ǸʱҶ֮ⶼûаָı䣬ôһһһƬġ
ƺ̾ӦԪֵĪҪΪ罺ᣬպһˣҲһ֮֮һ֮֮󣬸ͻᷢ仯أǧպãⲻûеġ
ϰöڻԪĻûϣǵϰ䣬Ǽᶨȴһʧ֣㿴ӣǵҲͰˣƫƫϸϣ벻Ҳ̰ͼգأǸʱ𣬽ľͲᶯҡˣ϶ǧպãҲ˵ֻʱ֤ҵĽ֡
ŰԼᶨ˵˷ԪظоõľģȻСᣬȴԼоݷ
ˣһŮӣ˵ļֱģһǰԼһֱˣǰìܣǲܳɷ𣬻Ҫ˾ġ
ȻͰԵֵˣرѾûпܣǾôȥɡ
ţȻд˾ģƶɮҲֻз㵽ˡ
ĿϲȻԳƶɮˣһεĻһůĵĻˣҲһı̬ȣΪ仰Լûܿࡣ
ϲᣬÿڵ֮һ֣ǲˣûҲܵĥԴӳҵľҵͬһ飬Ԫ棬㺦ˣУҪһʫ
˿̵İãͬһղСŮҡŻԪ棬ŨŨİ֮鼸Ԫڻ
̲̾ס֣ظգǣ˼Ů죬ʯĳջˮȴ顣


273 ˼
ӥĻӶ򣬷ĵУ֮ϰš
ǿļϣڻԪĻУĿ΢գ˫ֻˣַĸо֮С
Ԫһ§żˣһظӥëοֻƣĴ
ôʱ䣬ӥҲ𽥵ֳһЩչѾ׶࣬Ҳ˲٣Ϊˣǿض˷衣
Ҳ˰ӯ칫ûС
Ԫһ죬һµߣҹͻָĲˣûֱͣӳӥֱɽ
ֻһεķǶ϶ģӥض˻Ǻܳģһ·ɷͣͣѾ¶յĻƻ裬Ž߽硣
Ϊ̩ɽмΪɽϷΪɽɽ衣
㡣
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̧ͷͷ˿裬ƮڻԪϣġ
㿴·ǵʲôطˣ
·ȥȻǸ߿գľﻹϡֱģһͻȻϲؽеǼˣ
ѾɳȥôԶˣ
һ϶ķУѾǰǧӥƺЩƣˡ
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ʹӥٴ½
ӥڰ֮ζ£һһˮԴɽ
Ϊ˼ûдκεƷ˰õĽʣʳˮûдϴһķ磬˻Ҫϴһ¡
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ӥֱںһȦȻ䵽˺ߣ˼ˮֱӷɵɽȥˡ
վںߣΪϲؿˮ档
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òںͻԪôܴ˵ĻУѾˡ
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ʱҲǶĥŶԷСǽ޵ĺ촽ԪҲȥժ
Ȼ֪ʹԼٹֵ飬Ҳܾɲܡ
ͯӹѾΪԼԼĶԼԶѵͷԣԽ׳ذ벽
ˮߵһʯԪߵһߣˮϴ
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ɫ԰ףָڲǻԪԼԼ϶䵽Уֽֿ϶
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ϡħ̶ʥ֮һ
ûħ̶ʥϡħʦ棬ѾˣϡĹӦñȻ滹ҪһЩĪаµĵһĸ֪Ϊλᱻ׷ɱ
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õ˵ͷһԶǰǰħͷǸ쳣Ҷѷɫɱ˵ˡ
ģҲûô
˵׼ţĶѾɿ˸
˺ϵʱϡͣΪǿ˰á
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˵ٺЦ㱻˾ˣվȻֳϷǰϷ컹ˣҪһζˣԹԵعҪϷӦͣ¾ͷߡ
ðν֣嶼ߵЩ
˸ħͷ̫޳ܣϴڻʹ֮ڣȻҪԼͽȥѿӣԼڿŤͷ˲ͱ͵Ϯˣ°ÿ̹ġ
һ˻˵޳ܣöˣûʲôֶȥػ
˰ãȻϡģֻҪӦǸܣϷտԷŹ㣬һ˶֣ϷˣҲ㳢ζ
˵˻ĿģһǷֹúϡֻ֣ҪϡڰĶô˵Ϲˡ
ʹϡϵҲַͨʽٴμŭãŮһŭ¹ҪۿۣԼĻˡ
ۿϵƣԪ濪ˡ
ͷ컯֮£Ȼ֪ܵҰƶɮ㲻ɣ
ݺݵصŻԪ棺ͺ¿Ǻˣ
Ī˵¿ģ˻Ҳ¿
ԪĻػһֱɫ԰׵İ̲סЦƽڷ壬ʱΪάԼȴҲϧ˶ˡ
иж֮࣬Ҳָϡߣ֣ͬɱ
ϡҲ΢΢ͷģĳ˲ᱻġ
˵Ժ󣬰ǰϡΪ֮ƣĶγ˺Χ


274 ΨҶ
СԪɻ⣬˱档
ϡȻҲڣȴûҪˣǰá
Ů޲򵥣ȻѷɫԼҲ࣬ϡ֣ܸԼһЩ鷳
ҶԷһС
иԼĸоЩ죬ȻƺߣǾãӦò򵥣п͸ĸо
ڵԼͺӦˣһ֪ǳĺУ⡣
һٶ꣬˭֪ûо԰յ飬ǲġ
ǰˣһЦСϷͲǼƽˣһ·
һԲѣ
ѾͷĪҪŭϷϷУɱŵѾͷѹ˰ڳһţŪ
ٺ٣ģϷϲĻ㣡
þԪѣȻᱻĻŭǴ˿Ȼô̫޳ܣ潣֣Ҫɱȥ
ѾȥȻܡ
ԪŴγ谲ŭҪܣ׵ķŹ
ȻԼ֣ԼֶҲô÷ġ
תԪͻȻʹһţֱӹԺ
ڶʮ׵ľʹãʱԪʮסĹΧ֮ڣһʱ죬Ժ̺һһӷը졣
ԪԵͬʱһָһָ
һͣٵ˲䣬ָ͵ˡ
ڲǰ׽еģĵֿǿȻͣһ£ǷӦڣоһƴʹùһ
ָйȣһ
ոյסһָõĽ͵ˡ
ԪǶõʱڻԪıȻҲӰ죬ǱȽСԻܷ
סԪָȴûȫסõĽŬǱУȴһƬѪ⣡
ֽһ˿ͣ׷ɱİúϡӶ͵ؼ٣һ⡣ٶ죬Զɳ۶ȥ
Ṧڳļ˶ҪӣҲ׷ϡ
ԪṦܺһȣУ׷ȥҲ
ҵһΣס
һɱǳһͷһֱ˶裬õеȻܣڻԪİ£ԷˣоͷһɣͷԪ棬Ŀ֮۲ӯӯϡڲ࣬굽ԪĻԼˮ飬úõĸлԼˡ
ϡȻûаæҲΪڳߣǻԪͰöˣֻɱˡ
վǰö˾Լϡæǰ񣺡лʩԮ֣лλʦԮ֣ĳ˲ʤм
û˵ǽĿͶԪ棬Ϊʱ򣬾ӦûԪȥػ
֪䣬ѾС˵̬
ԪҲţϡӷʩ֪α׷ɱ
֪ʦǣ
ƶɮɽ·һ䡣
һʦ
ϡ˵Żûα̬ȷʵ֪һ䡣
ħ֮ڣʵҲŽᣬĪаϵ˼˭͸һֱǲ¡
ʣ˫ʥĴʵǷΪɵġ
ħʦ棬ֺžţɽߵıȽϽ
ϡĿأ·޲¼ˣһɡ
ħ˶ڼ߶ҲûΪʲôϾ˵ĵطннҶǺ⡣
ϡ֪µһ䣬Ǵ޲ºؿе֪ġ
޲ºؽµķ书ߣӦǺҵˮƽ
ڻԪı֣ȷʵϡˡ
Ǻڰһɱһڶɣ
ղŴ˵һԼں涼еͷۻǺֱԺ޿ɵֵһ㣬ϡݡ
ԲǺڣ
ϡܿ˽ۣкͰһ𣬶ƺ֮ĬԼһܵĸо
Ī֮ʲôϵɣ
ǺͰйأôҲ̫СˣӦǺͰһ㣬פпͬһʱڵ
лóӦҲѧϰ⹦ġ
Ԫ˶壬ϡٴαʾл֮⡣
Ԫ΢΢üʩƶɮ֪Ϊλᱻ׷ɱ밲㡭Ѿ㣬㲻һʵ˵ɡ
ϡһݣȻ˵̬ȣȻͺʵģЦ޲ºػ˼ڹ
޲ºض˵˿ΡһԼо֮ţôش𼸾˵ȥġ
ϡ룬˵һʦĪĳо֮ţĳȻʵ档
Ҳվ˵ɴ˺ߵʯϡ
úͻԪˣԾľһϡһۣûѾһЩжϣµķɣͰõĹϵ²һ㡣
º󣬰úͻԪ˲ʶףǴʱ¸ãֻýʹ¡
Ԫ浱ɾˣƤ񣬵νÿŮңЩ˼ɴŪԼĽͷ̧
ϡԽʲôֻǲ˵ƣǶԻԪʦĳ޲¹˵㣬ƺǵʥŮҲͷǾʶ
ÿ˻Ԫһۣûβ֪ԪɽͼֻȴöԴ˵ʲôΪϾԪҲǸոպԼȷ˹ϵ
Ԫаϡ˵ЩĲ򷭴̳أҿǰãһŮӣֻ¾ͻзˡ
ʹǰãҲ᲻ֻǰ״֦ˡ
Ŷǲ֪޹ɺã
ϡ̾Ϣһ̫ãյʥ̣Ѿյʥˡ
ϡΪħߣλ磬˵Ļ϶иݵģҲ϶˽ĻģԪͰöϸҲһֱŶ˵⣬Ҫдˡ
ʦµĳҲˣǰɣǵĽѾʧ˺ܳʱˡ
ĪаȻʧˣ
ԪһݣȻԼ˸ħ֮ڶô϶ĪаˣȻ˸ô
ʱĪ书׿һ뽫ʥ̷λʧ٣
ϡ̾ϢһĪȷʵ书ܸߣڶǰǴ˵ĪڵʱʵѾںܳʱˣ־ҪԽİ׷Ѫħʼչһ񹦡
ýӿڵ֪Ī书һŽɣѩɽ
ûʼʱĪȷʵһֱʹѩɽģ֣ƾ˽Զܴﵽĸ߶ȣҲֵ֪õһ书ؼӴͿʼˡ
ʲôؼԪʵ
ʱĪ˵һ䣬ж𹦣
ΨҶ𹦷Ԫ̽Ļشһ䡣
ûΨҶ𹦣ϡһĴȣ
ԪĪаȻаֻΨҶ𹦣ĪаӦùôֻʧأ


275 
Īаʧٵģϡ˵ΪĪаǺͻһ뿪ʥ̳֮ûл
ԴĪаʧٺ󣬾Ϳʼһˡ
ݷ硢ˡʥ̳
桢žɽΪհڻžǰʱ뿪̳ڶûл
ݷ̳֮޲µˣָ£޸ٰס
Īаٳٲ飬ʥĸѾضͶݷǣϡΪ࣬ݷȶʥ̾Ҫˡ
ϡϰæ⵽ܾ֮ɽĶԻǹĪа顣
ֻһƬΣûף׷ɱ
˶ڣϡȻǶ֣ܻģһ·׷ɱܣһֱӳɽΧ˻ԪͰá
ϡļԪͰöо
ԭħ̣ѾΪ̶Ѩ
ݷħͷ˵ˣ޷еĴڡ
ħˣ񶼳Ϊǵצء޲»񶼱ΪԼȥħ̣ӦϣڿȫҪԼȥǲˡ
Ͱöһۣ˴˶˴еѶȡ
ϡʱ̽һ䣺֪ʦڴˣǲǴɽأ
Ѿµˣ޲ºǰ̸֮У͸¶˶ڻԪƳ֮⣬˵Ϊ֮ǰ
Ǻεȹϵأ
аڲ࣬ϡɵø档
ϡ⣬Ԫд𰸣ڵƶɮ֮УȷʵҪǰʥ̳иɣƶɮҲӦü緵زǡ
ò˸ȱϡ˷Źæʦǧ򲻿ɣ
Ԫкβɣ˹֪֮ʥƼƶɮðʧǰȥֻȥ޻أˣȥ
ϡҧҧʦǰȥʥ̣ĳԸΪı
Ԫ΢Цҡͷӷ𣬷ƶɮʩʹҵ˺Ҳʥֲκκô
ʦ˵òǴʦǷܾȳĪǷĹأ
ȳĪа
Ԫһô򵥣ĪаѾ֪ȥ򣬵δȥң
ϡԪɻ󣺡ʦĳΪֻƬŻᱻ׷ɱĳȻ֪Īľ䣬֪ɽ
ɽԲǧǵȥѰ
ǲ֪֪˰
֪
ݷЩ˶֪
Ԫҡͷ˸ǲףѵǻȥץסݷѯʲɣ
ݷǼϹǲܶɽˣҲ֪ģֻҪ鲻ˣ
ϡ˵ԪЩ⶯
ܾȳĪаٷɽħ̳ôɹĻҪܶ࣬Ϊħ̽Īа书׿ħ̽ҲкܴĺֻҪصħֻ̣ºܶݷ˶ᷴˮ
ֻҪħңԼлȥȳ޲ǡ
޲ºٳĻôԼһҲͲݷһѷɫˣӦÿС
ֻҪδץסɽأħ
ϡֵʦ֪ɽÿµĳ壬ȥһطֻҪȸϵãôҲܽãûڣǲв
ɽδȥ
ϡ˿ԪߣͬСӰİãǴһ˿Ц⣺֪ɽһصط
һ£ʲôصطɽʥ̣⣬ɽˣ㲻ذɡ
ϸ룿
룬ͻȻ˵Ǹڵ˼ˣ
ûǴˡ
ϡЦһ£ԻԪ֮һɽȣסڵһλϣ˹ߣǲĪ֮£ᰮ壬ĪĴܶ飬˺һν֣ħʱǴ˶֣Ӧܺһˡ
ڣ
ûҴһΧףһƪ壬˵Ѿʮ꣬δܽ⿪һֱɽ֮ڰţ˵˭ܽ⿪˲о֣ضδ֮
Ԫ治ЦһΧĸ֣Ǿ׽⿪˾֣ѵҲܳΪ֮ɣ
ʦ֪죬ÿһŶˮ裬˵һӵͽӽǧ˼˵˭ƾƽֲ棬ǲ߱ӽ֣ɽųţԲǰȥƾ֣ϧɽ̫ÿ˼˿ɽȣɽǰȥѾüˣһζûгɹעɲ֮ˡ
Ŷȹ£ô߿ȥ
ĳҲһƾ֣Ϊ϶֮ϧĳȻɽ֮ϣȴûʲô߱Ǹƾֵʸ񡣡
ʱҲͷȷʵд£Ҳ˵Ҹûôȥƾ֡
ԪЦ㼴ʹƾֳɹҲǵˡ
˭ϡЩͷе˰
˵һ䣬˻ԪһۣСεĵطĵһ»Ԫ½ǣ֮͸¶Ǹ⡣
Ԫ֪ԼǻǾкЦֻϡڲֳ࣬
ϡɽںδ
ɽʥ̳мҪȥץɽôҲӦˣѾ£忪ֵҲûмˡ
ԪͷĬĬ㡣
ڳϵȷʵѵ˺ܶˣʹڵĸ֣Ҳδؾˡ
˵Ǿˣڹչ̫죬ͺţǵѧȴܲֻгɣ涼׾
ˣҲ˼ȥר֣ǸɽպãȴΪ㹻һ죬ȥԣȴڡ
Լһ࣬һ޳߲ҲˣǧӣԼҲܰĶ
Լȥһƾأ
᲻ĳΪأ
ԪΪ¾ûбô򵥣µԼѾûѡ
ô˾֣ΪѰǻۣͬʱϰгɵ֮ˣΪڵĻ񹦣һ޴ѧϰģҲֻԼǸࡣ
ֲų꣬֡
ЩҲֻǻԪƲ⣬ܵ档
ѾǳҲӦǰǴɽȣץסɽѯʳĪа䣬ȳĪа֮󣬾Ϳǰħ̳ȥˡ
ΪףĪа϶ȫԸԼŮġ
¶ģǰǴɽȡ
ϡһ䣺ߣ⴦ֿ֣
а֣ʮ˿ơ
֣
ԪĬĬ߶䣬ڵ˻ͦġ


276 ˼
ϡһߣͲٳӥˣԪͰøϡʼ˲С
ɽֽɽѩɽѩд
ӡӺӶԴڴɽ
ħ̳λɽ塢ľϡ
ľɽ߷壬ϡ˵ɽȣľ
֮ǰڵλãɽĶ´ϡ׷ɱ˼ܵģ߻ȥĻҲҪһʱ䡣
⻹˵Ṧһֱָٵ״̬
һ·ϡĵع۲Ԫ棬ִṦ׿Ȼ¶ƣ̬ɼҲǷǳ
֪ԪþϢԣ䣬һֱı֤ٶȣҲӲţϾ˼ڵĴ֣ԼһԲѡ
εۣεĿ࣬Ԫ涼治ɫôָٷɱ״̬ȴϡϢ
ö֪һЩԪĵϸ;ҪϢһ£Ԫֹˡ
Ȼһֱ˶ϡϢ
ɽ·ôЩ꣬ÿ߶Ǿ̫ˣϢһ°ɡ
ʱѾɽһοܵĲˡ
ԪܴˣϡٲϢԼ¶ҪˣãһظУܱȱһۿĺá
ɽȻڸԭǱϾǸɽ˴оЩϡˡ
ڻԪЩϰ֮˵Ӱ첻
վɽ·ΧһƬѩĸɽҲ澰ˡ
ͨյǿ϶еˡ
ȻԪоҲϼԼоˣɽ֮ϻǲµġ
ԶԶļɽɽƺЩɥ
˴ӻԪ·˵ţľ϶ûѩˣܵʲôطȥң
ǿȥ
һš
˰ɣҿɲð飬ĸйأȥ˾
˱˵ߣԪͻȻ˹ȥʵλʩ֪Ѱѩʲô
˻ԪһۣǸУͻشɲؽѩҪʲôβ
ɲ˭
ϡʱԱߵɲɲɽסɽ´иӽɲ˵书Ǽߣٲ֮¡
ЩԽԽԶ߶ʲôطҵϺõѩ
ԪԼõĺѩΪʲôҪóɲɲԼҲûʲôϵ
Ϣһ£˼·ߵҹʱǵֹȡ
ɫ̫ˣȻֹȣΪû壬ֹȻûпɽҲû˻ǲòͣϢ
Ѿѩ֮ˣһƬѩأɽ˵Ļѩ겻ģףͬ
ʹϡڣҲһо䣬Ҳ֪ʲôֱӶԻԪͰõһʦҪҸĵطжȻһҹǹܵġ
˵ԺֱӾˣ˻ԪͰѩ֮С
Ԫ濴Űõ̲סһ䣬𣿡
þþɽ㺮䵱Ȼ£Ԫʺ򣬻̲סһ㡣
ԪЦſֱۣѡ
΢죬˳ؿ˻ԪĻƾԼһĵطˡ
һʱʹҲɿ졣
ϡһֱûгֱ֣糿صĽŲԶ
ڻԪ滳˯Ժİۣ˼뿪Ļ˶վ
ϡ˹ԪͰһǴۣоЩ졣
ѾȷһЩˣǼ룬Ҳ˭üĿ֮дɫϡţԼ˫۾Բῴ˶˾ûзʲô¡
ǰһĴ˯ģӦ˻кܷɲеı֣俴͸ˡ
͸ͲҪ˵ϡԻԪʦѾ³ˣֹȿӣҲһɽͻˣǷҪһ¸
˰ɣɽˣֱץסĪˡ
ϡصʦңԶĵطֹȣѵͲʶһ֣һƳ֣ӶһԾΪ֮ء
ϡĻԪҲЩĶƳ֣ӦöԼкôģǾô뿪ˣԶûгԣԺЩź
ÿŻԪͷĵȥ԰ɣɽԻὫץһڣ޷ѵġ
ҲȰԪǵ˵ͷȻˣôƶɮ־к
˵֮󣬼ֹǰ
˹ȵںСͨǰһӣտȡ
ӱûκεǾô֣赲ЩȵˣɼڵĶɽǺġ
˿Ϲ鷳
Ȼдų忪ȣǴʱﲢûκһǰϵİѩһ㣬覣һӡûС
ɽûе
Ԫͷվ˹ȿڣҪ˵ͻȻ洫˽Ų
һֻһ뷢԰׵ɮ˹
һѿɫɮۣͺûиĸ֮ǰĲࡣ
һ˫۾һտ֮
ɮ˼һۡ
˼ˣǰ⼸ˣϡʶģΪϡǰԹƾ֣ϧûǷûǸʸ
ǶɼЦӷλʩʥ̵ϡôȤһ£
ϡæ֣ˣղĳ˵֣ˡ
˼˵Ŀ䵽˰ϣ̾ŮȻᣬǹߣѾƶɮˣפɡ
ˣ֮
ŶȻһɵ죬ƶɮҪ˵һ䣬ֹȲӴŮͣΪŮͿ϶޷ᶯӣŮʩҲܳΪ䡣
õĪᣬֵ˲ң
˵갲ָָԪ棬˿һۣȵصȻͬˣƶɮȣӦˡ
Ԫ΢Цҡͷƶ˿̲ʲôˣƶɮ˵ĿģϣƽĲо֣Ҳ㳹׽ˡ
˼˹һЦƽ֣ôƶɮΪ֮
ԪЦһ£Զ˵Ȼ˵ֻƶɮԴڣ
˼ûֻڻһóһ顣
ػζ˼£ʮϯϲѧϰ֪֤ƶɮݡ
ʮ㣬ǱģڻԪҲ㲻ʲôڵȻѾó֤ݣƶɮܲһԣ


277 ƾ
ֹһѩȣһСӣǶ˵ľ
ѩ֮йСӣԪﰵ
Ŀޣһ˴Ｘʮ겻뿪д߲Ϊ
ֹ룬һյرɨȫǺڰ׶ɫľ޴ӡ
ԪԶԶؿһۣ̾͸оԼƽⲻˡ
ȻǰҲΧ壬ȴʲô֣һ֣ͷ綷
ڶ˸ԼߣԻԪȻˣְɣִӡ
ԪֻӲͷƤǰȥ޴̵һ档
Ҫһ䣬ӵƶʹȻ֣Ҳ䡣
˿ϵľ棬ôӶʱҪϵӣԪ룺ƴ֣һҪִǻһɺã
˼һ£ִӡ
ͶɣԪֻӲͷƤȥԱߵһѰɫùһš
ҲоףԪɴཫֱӰ˵һƲ̫ؼǾȽԶĵطˡ
˼˿Ԫľٶ˫ĿŹ⡣
ԪһӣҲһӣ˸ص¡
һӣԪҲǾôߣֱܻȥٴΰһӹɿҸطˡ
ԷѸ٣г˼ҲҴ⣬ܻȥ¡
ԪǺ£˼Ҫ˼һ¡
ǰƾֵҲвٵģһǾ˼ǲŻһûһԪɿӵġ
Ȼ˼˶ԼѾоͨ͸ǻǵһ·ģһʱҲԷ·ֻ塣
һʮ֮󣬺ӵĻԪǳ׵˱
ȻΧ岻ǺҲԼˣԷµĺӣ׶Լͨ·
Ԫİ취ܵøˣӼ¾ܣȥ˵ڶŵȴ˼ӡ
˿ԷٶԽԽ죬Ҳ˼ߵˣҲŷɿŰӡ
Ϊ̫̫ܵļûзֻԪʱĵؽؼһӺͰתһλá
һ֮ǧ򻯣Ĵ˲ͻˣѾ׼צĶԺ巴ˡ
ֱĲæµ˼Ҫ˵ͻȻɫһ䡣
ף
æԼǰЩⲽԼµġ
ղŻλõġ
ʱ򣬻Ԫְһ˻Զ˵ˣôأ
˼ɫѿ̧ͷʹթ
ӷ˴˻ƶɮЩˣƶɮʹթˣ
㻹ҪƱ磬Ҹղߵλãôȴܵأ
Ԫ濴һۣڵΪλˣƶɮͲ֪ˡ
˼ɫһһףڻԪ޳о쳣ŭ
µѾû취ȥˣȥ˵Ҫ߶ˡ
Ԫ֪ƶɮƾ֣
˵ǸɮѾƽ
µزʵѾƾ֣ȻõͶ֮ĵʱûз֣ҲɹˡȻϸ׼˵˾δơ
ӷԼǣƶɮȷʵˣֶΣԴ˾Ҹδƣͻ֮
ӷ𣡡
˼˻Ϊʾ޷
ƶɮδƾ֣ʹ˸ˡ
Ԫ濴֪Ѿȥ˺ܳʱ䣬ŹǷץסɽȥˡ
˼ȴλСʦǸ˭ѧģ
Ԫ֪Էдʣƶɮʦµһؼƶɮǰִ飬ſʼϰֵҲ˹ˡ
֡
˼룬λϷȪ£
Ҳƶɮ½ûãλںɽ
˼˲ĻԪʲôطĵģǻԪ
ƶɮСʦƺѾлǧӣҲҪ۷ܰĶƺɣӦ˰ɣ
ƶɮţ߲۷ѡ
ʵжϣֻ˵вѧϰ꣬ʵڲŶԷѾ߲Է׿֤ʵƾʶҲǱݺݵһ¡
Űϧڵġ
֣ʵѰһţʺϵ֮ġ
νֻ֣һ飬ҿĲգ˵Ĵϻۺ͸
ǰСУ󵨣ԼɱˣҾȻֱ߲콵ţ͵Լǰ
ʱĶˣϣǰһͨˣһʿҲһкá
ڵڣ޷ܡ
Сʦ֪ƶɮֵ˼
Ȼ֪
Ϊ֮ˣȻ֪֮⣬ȻԣڵҲǲͬɣ
ƶɮһλڵĹַҲֹ֮̽£ƶɮΪڱΪһңֻΪĻĹϵγɣǺУǱʦǱǷʵĶͬһ棬Ķͬһ־ͬĳĺģͬƹŷ𣬷ǰߵףһ㣬ƫƫͱһɽˣ־ʵ֮ҲǷԸ
Ԫⷬ˼˸о𺳡
ǰ־Ƿڼ𣿿϶ǣΪġ
˵˼֣͵ΪĻȦӣһΪ
˼ƺЩλСʦ˼
˼֣·֣ܶкͶԷһµ˼ͱ֣ӮƶɮƶɮҲӮˣƶɮмİᶯһӣ浽񷴶ƽˣ˽֣ǱƾֻҪ𣿡
˼̲ס˫һ£Сʦ˵òʵƶɮҲһֱϣҵǸƾˣСʦԣġ
˵Ժ˼˸пصƶɮվһοˣ֮󣬾ͽ̣ܽԭǸѡߣƶɮȻǷǳ⣬Ҳԣû뵽ֶСʦһƶɮֶһѡˡ
ŶĪƶɮ֮ǰõ˵ͬ
ǰһڵĵ˵츳Ҳǲһ֮Щȥֻ֣츳öѣڵ⣬ȴСʦ͸
˼˵ĻԪһڣôֳˣ
ھںʹȺիԪһֱо֮ģ˵Ҳ֣о
Сʦ㣬˾ڵĵӣƶɮҲѡˣ֪гһգƶɮСʦǰڣǵ֮һգСʦԸ⣿
ӷƶɮ˵ڱһңգƶɮٽںһǾһˡ
ӷ𣡡
˼ţûм˵ϵӶˣֱתȥ
ʹѾˡ
Ŷ˵ĽŲҴңԪﰵЦʮѩģɮҲįˡ


278 ֲ̫!
Ԫ˼һ·ѩȡ
ոճѩȣͿһѨվ죬ģġ
ɽո˴ͱõѨ
˼˶ſڵļӶֻǺͻԪкһ֮󣬾ȥȻѾǲˡ
ÿԪ¶еĿ⡣
Ԫ¶һĵЦݣȻɽ
һ̧֣⿪ɽѨ
Ԫûѯʱ򣬸õϡǳˣϾħˣҲһЩ
ϡЦɽǰ﷨Ӧ֪ĳʲô
ɽѨ⿪ɲƶϡϡˣǰǶʥ̣һ
ϡЦһɽѾǽĳǰ񣬼ʹĳһգҲǼˡ
ɽмһ˵ߡ
ĳĴºˣ֣ɲǰ׽еġ
ɽɫ䣬ǻûпڡ
ϡͷԻԪͰõʦĳҪڤ粻ĶʩչһֶΣЩ̣λرһ°ɡ
ԪͰöһۣѩ֮ڡ
ոսѩȣϡʹһɰͣ˵ǲ˵
žһɽһҽдǻǼֵɱҲ˵ģ
ֽ֣
ϡҲŹģҲ˵ģ
ӲĹͷָ
Ҳ˵

ЦҲ˵
Ѽӣ첻ãĹͷһ㲻˵Ҿʹһָ
⴫һ죬ɽһҽУǴȫĹͷҲ˵ģ
ڰƵƵüɽӲͷѯʳˡ
ԪҲЩģ֪ϡֶܲƷɽ
ɽڤ粻飬㣬һ̫࣡
˵Ժ󣬼·˺ѵ
糺죬ȥԪ档
ԪҲ񺮣ϡʱģô˵Ļ֮ࡣ
ɽУӲ㣬ɣЩ֮ˣͲˣҪоʹ㣬Ҫģ
úúãɽӵģûУסһĶ
һĲҽ쳹ò
ͣͣŶͣˣϡˣ
ڰЩ⣬ɻؿԪ棺Ԫ棬淢ʲô
ûʲôһЩĥ˵ֶΰˡ
ԪҲǺ淢ʲôǹƿ϶ʲô·㲻þʲôȶĵ鷢ˣǲð֪Ϊá
ֹ˺һ洫ٴδһҽУûϢ
ٹƬ̣ϡʦѾˣǳɡ
˴ӹڳֻϡһڣɽѾˣϻѪ
ɽأ
ѾҴˣӴԺɽˡ
ʩʳʲôˣ
ϡ˵ͷѾʳˣʦĪѺĵطɲôȥģǻҪúÿһ²С
ǲ֪ħ񱻹Ѻںδ
ϡһ£Щصصɽ˵ħ˲ӣѾ߻ħıԵΨҶ𹦣𹦣ħǴ֮壬߻ħüȱѹƣұס
Ī˸⣬ǰڤϴڤƵĺѹҴܵĴ֮Īȥˡ
ʱӿڵѵ˵Īɲ
ǵģɲɲɲס
Ԫʵɲںδ
ɲɽ´˵شԼɲɲ˸ɽκ˭ã˭ԴҶҲǺϤֻ֪˶Ƿޣܺã书ߡ
Īһֱס𣿡
ϡɽ˵ħȥɲԤıģɲ֮Īͱؽ˵ңûиƣɲɲˣʵǿĪֹ
þȵصɲɲȻᱻãӦѽ
˵ȷʵǵģɲ˻氵µĶֻõѩɽ֮ϣõѩʥ̣ɲ벻ʥ̣Դ˶ֻܹԹԵɲĪ
ѹһÿ뿪ɲɲɲǰǶӰģԭǲòһ˿Ī
û˵ҪȳĪͱ˶һأɲɲڵĸ֣ĳ־Լ磬֣Ҳδڴ˶ֵȥ
ϡĻ˼˼Ķ֣Ƚ̫ˡ
Ԫ룺˵Īš
ûȷʵǻţֻǹɲĵڣ޷Ҳ֪߻ħûкת
ȻɲﲻԶǿҪȥһˣѾ³壬ǵʱ䲻ˡ
ϡԪҪȥæǲһɲɲŹֵˣһԲϼɱˣȥ̸ĺûɣ̸ã»Ҫִ
Ԫ΢ЦʩصģΪһҵİ취ġ
˵Ժ󣬻Ԫϡ֪˵ɲĲǷܹκã
ϡһ£ɽ˵ɲĲŮӵƻֻѩ޸һҩЧˡ
Ԫ˵ͷֻҪѩβôԼа취
ѩֲһ־࣬һ룬ʣĲֻԳɻ
ٻӥҪٶȷɻɽȥض֮УԼǸѩץһȻ̴ɽ
һ룬ʣĺѩָܻûʲôӰ졣
ֻѩβԪţ֮䣬ûбԼǿѩõˣⶼκɲֻ˵˿̾Ҫˡ
ӥһֱ֮и棬ʱõ˻Ԫ֮չᶫɽȥȡѩˡ
ƾӥٶȣһˣȫУʱܸˣʱӦûá
ûԪڳǰɲŪӥҲͲˡ
ھͳɡ
ԪܼĪаȳȻûϣġ
ô˿ȻᷴԪĻԪȥԼҲȥˡ
ϡںͻԪҲһϵȻҲܾ
Ԫ濴ϡһԼ߶೤Ѫ߰ߵġ
ʩ𣿡
Ԫʣϡ˵ͷЩźصֻѾۻ࣬Ҳˡ
˵Ժϡֱӵѩɽȥˡ
ϡľٶԪĪһˣ
ֲ̫ˣ̰


279 ڤ
ɲλɽ´Ԫ˸·ӽգڵ˴˵ء
֮ɲӥټ
Ԫûмȴ׼ȥɲ
һ·ɲڵɽ˹ŴԪŷνɲʵһķԺӡ
ֻԺӱ֮һԺӴһЩӵһЩ޽ɽ·᫣Ϊһ˼ҡ
ͽȣɾСطˡ
ǰɲӣΧĲݴԪ浽ʱݴжĳЩСС
ǹѺĪĵط𣿡
ӦûĳȻɽ꣬Ҳδɲɲǻǽȥ˵
ϡո׼ţԪͻȻ
ϡͣסŲɻؿԪ档
ԪָָǰȻߵǰƶһţ̷֨ѽ
ϡһ£ΪͷҪŵģôֱӿأ
ߵǰһϡһ涼ˣȴԭǿʵ
Ԫ濴˿ϡ߿д˵ȹ
ϡҡҡͷĳ»һЩ
ٻͷ˰һۣǰ˿˵ȹȷʵˣҲǿ
֮ǰȵˡ
ԪĻ˵꣬˶ɫأʲôܵɲҪʲô
һֲԤڼͷ𣬻Ԫȵȥ
ƿԺţ˽Ժڡ
Ŵţǲˣ˼æڣŷһűӦǰİڱŲһߣ¶ĵضڡ
˶һۣϡȥλΪҰѷ硣
˵Ժϡ˵ض
ҿ
뿪ڣļ䷿ֱ鿴һ£ԻԪķ䶼ûˡ
ض֮ڣȻʲôϷҪѽ
Ԫ˵һ䣬԰õ㣬Ҳȥ
ã
˷׷¶
һڵıµֱصȥ
ڰ֮Уǣ֣ǰС
˴Լʮңǰһת䣬й˵
˷Ųһ
ؿˡ
ϡѽϡ·㲻ߣͶôƶոյûжãͰͰ͵ĸأ
ҪǵҰľԲʵֵģ
ٺ٣ǺЦģҸϡʥ̵ĵλҲɶҡĪаһûǸˣЩ۶ĶҲһĪаᣡ
治˵Ԫ涼ǰľ
˿̫ѲˣĹûܽɱֻܵǲ֪ǷħڣеĻտ¾Σˡ
ϡѾǱƷ
Ȼ˺ǿҲӦǿɾƷϡĳ̶ȣӦǻˡ
ǲԪ治ߣԼһߣĪаҲ;ȲˣȲĪа˴εɽ֮лͿʧˡ
ʱһ𣺡㣬ѩǣСѾֲסˡ
ߣ죬ŻôĻ
һɲʵɣϱɲĲѾأʥˣڼʹѩҲܼˣǶ˹ԹԵĹ˳ʥ̣ȻվǷ޵ȪǰԵӡ
ܳĲã˵õģǶܿĪаǾÿ¸һѩµʧȥüֵˣǾ񾡹أˣ
ɲô˵֤㻹ǸˣʶʱɣʥѾ죬һͳѳɶ֣ݷʱ֮λֻȲĪаҾɲͳһʥ̾޴󰭣Ƿʶܱ࣬סˣֶΪأ
˵ĻɲƺЩ⶯β
ֵˣɲڴǵ±ߵţǽȥʰĪа֮ʥˡ
ɲûӦˣǵϸܹһκѩȻǲῪŵ±ߵġ
ˣɲĪҪսƶģ⺮ţһʮѩǆͿɲȥɡ
Ԫ涼ܸоɲ⶯ˣ֪ȥС
ĵ濴һ£߸ˡ
ϡͲԼˣʣû
һһŮŶʮͣһ£еطŮǽǣŮί٣Ӧþɲɲˡ
⻹ͷվڲһԲ
˿̲ϡȥԪ֪ٵȴˣ̴Ӳ˳ӷƶɮΪǲҪɱɱĺá
͵ػͷ˻Ԫ棬ǴĶģ
˳ʱûмԪ棬ֻǺսһѡ
δ䣬ͻȻֿ˺İãЩҧгݣŮ޶ƶʶʮˣƶλˣΪͶϹֻЩͺ¿Χƶа԰ɡ
û˵ԼǲǰֻǶԲ˵ɽ˵ɽħһҵģԸɲֻ¹컹ԸȻǺС
ǰã
ʱڲԱߵһͷǰŮȷʵǰãó£ڰϵ׺ǽõ𡣡
˵ͷҲã㵱ҵĳ𣬽ȡһϢ
ϡʱԱߵʦСˣ˾ʥϣʵ֮£Ҳǵ߹ˡ
Ԫ˵ͷȻѾ׼תͷɲλʩΨһĻᣬֻҪƶɮսӵĲƶɮκá
ɲһ£Ĳôεġ
Ԫһ֣һƿ˹ȥɲֽס
ƿһŴ󻹵ȸӷ±նȻаѩ
ɲĿ⣬ѩӿˡ
ƿһţҲоһ񵤡
ɲѾǳΣˣɲʱҲ˲ֱ࣬Ӿ͸ɲιҩ
ɲȻǻûȫܶĵزӹɲд󻹵һ¡
󻹵븹ɲ̸о˲ɲλʦġ
˸ɲ㿴гԲû֣û뵽Ȼʣһηͺ¿ƶ£
ɲɲ̶ʱкת˵һ´ӵԲ˵ΪҷãҲһ˰ɣ
˵Ժɲ˫һ֣һǿƴɲɢ
Ƿֿ˫˪ࡣԪоѾĵ£¶½˼֡
ڤƣӡΣ


280 ɽ
ɲʥôʱѹȣռͻȻ˸κɲѹѾõķŭ̾ͱ˳
߶ʮһڤʩչֱɱˡ
ɲĽ˲˿Ĵ⣬ڤ𽭺ɲô׶Ըġ
һӡһǲӡֱӭȥ
ɲ裬ηĺͲӲӲ
һʱɽڵĵضҡΣڶ
˱ɲסԪϲ԰õʱˣɲǺţ
ضĿռ䲻СͷһȾ޴ţŶһ㺮˪һƻĶֻԿײܴ򿪡
ɲɲͬܵģɲȻԴ򿪡
󻹵Ȼܳ׵κɲĲǶʱɲָǿԵģֻҪɲһָôܴ򿪺ţųĪа
أȥסϡ
ʱԪż𣬻иħ
ҲڣȻرĺڣҲǺöԸġ
˺ɲսһѾ
ȥɲˣֻԼָˡ
һ̣Ѿֱӭ˰һӭϻԪ档
ǻǷֵĳأòöԸҪһЩһʰˡ
Ԫһ޷ȡˡ
һԶ϶޷ԼˣԼһֲסֿһˣôԼһǱ̵Ľ֡
Լ£֣ÿ϶Ҳֲס
ٱô¾սɲĽҲ֪ˡ
ԼȥֻҪֵɲָôԼһӮ˲ֻܰˡ
Һض󣬶ɱһҲӵԪ濴ŷ˹һϣ˵ףһֱӵĳȥ
һû׼ˣ
Ȼҡһ£Ԫʩչͷͻ
ʽԪ治κˣȻƲʲôѧԼдȴƣƷϣҲ֧һ
ǸûԪݺݵһ£˲ʧȥ֡
ڶ𵴻ǺеֿģָܿѣԪѵǰ͵أĳ
ϡȻƷڵضãǿԪǴеʦСģ
ԪһʱûףͶԷһƣֻоԷƻȣ
˫ƽӴһǳ˳Ԫֱ˳߲
ϡԪûʲô£ϲʦСģѧϰɽƣרƸ书һŵˡ
Ԫоֱ۷飬ȴںԷԼо澭壬ȻڶԷη塣
ֻ˶Է̫࣬ҿ룬һ
Ǳߵ̫ãɽƿƣ룬һʱöԷûа취ֻƾԼĽ֧֡
֪˶Է书ɽƣԪҲ˵ףȻ϶Ƕ֣ҲӦܼһ
ǱɲҲ֪鵽˹ؼʱ̣Ŀմ󻹵ҩȡָ
Ǹһ˻Ԫ棬ȥɲԪԸٴη˶ϡ
ƣ
һƣϡԱߴ𣺡ѩ
һָǣ
Ԫ治ϧķ̧һָʽͶԷƷӲƴһ
էէϣȸ䣬Ԫȫ߲۷Լ
ãôػɲǰûǰ벽
ض֮еĶɽҡĸо߸ɱһ𣬳ֶǶ
ܵģǻԪˡ
վ죬ڲ󣬼ʹҲԵֵĳϡ
ǸҲǱЩŹ֣ȴúܣƷҲܾʱʱĻһǿָȻҲܺԼ⣡
ۿǱɲͷѾðйӣǵɲָԼһΨһǰһ;ȻĻ¾Ͷ
˶սɲȻռϷ磬Ʋԣһʱòɲġ
Ǳ϶սãҲһƣϧõĹ񣬶ʱʤҲܡ
ΨһͻƿڣԼ
ʧȥģŭһУȥɣϷ
ϡѽ˵ԱԱ߾ְصʦһҪСģɽһʽǧ򲻿Ӳ
Ԫ氵ԿЦӲô죿
Լһˣɲˣɲһ군Լһûлˡ
һһӸӵĽâתâ䣬ڲƵĽֱԪȫ߶ˡ
Ԫ֪ܵûǾԵסڵǿһ
ϵƿԼĽַԼҪ취С
Ԫֽ֣ǸҲһ
ŵ٣Ҳ˰ɣĽǿϷǿ
˵Ժ˫ƽһʩչ൱ƽʱƺϻ
Ԫͬʱ۷壬ſһʨӺ𣬼Ǻķȫֱʩչִĵ֡
䣡
ڵĻԪ棬ɺԲǿʩչ֡ءǿʩչֵĵ֡ȡʩչķѺܴ󣬶һк֢ҪϢһС
Ϊˡȡ֣ҪʩչԪǿʩչˡ
ο֡䡱ҪڲʩչľѧһλԪתȫӲʩչˡ
һ¿˲ãضһ£Եĳϸ׵壬ҵضһ£ƶʱСࡣ
ϾڣɱֿסֻǸоͷۻƾⱾܣǼĻԪȥֻС˴Լ֮һ
ԪһڵԺ˶һַĸоڶҲһࡣ
ǿѹؿҪѪĸоʱ򣬻ü֣
˫ֺʮԪŭһͷӣƶɮƴˣ
һָ죡
ָһʽХڻԪָ
ϵƱ˲֣ɲСϾɽǶѧ֮һôöԸġ
ָҲСһʽо裬ڿУֻûƣָƴһǣ
һ𵴣ָɢȥԷʽǰҲֻһˣҲ𲻵ӵЧ
ԪҲΪ̣ҲʽˣֻǾ߶֡
ֵĹâٴδʢϵ
䡱һ죬Ԫ˿û嵹ɣ˻ȥ
ֹâһ£Ȼٴ
Ԫ䶼ˣǻάֲֽƣô˫ֺʮվɲǰɮ۷裬ȻĶħ̳ϵλŮʩȹƶɮأ


281 ӪĪа
ħ̳һûܻǰеĽ֣Լš
ɽǶѧɽƵǿһȻûܴǰгڹǣ
ѵԷڣڲɣ
ħ̳ϰԴ⣬ȷ
֪ǰݵĺʵһԲֻҪѪˡ
ڴƺԲķ˵ȥŵġ
ϣɹâ䣬ƺ˿Ӱ죬ħ̳ϵľЩȥ
ܴУԼһ޹ˡ
ŹҲûʲôһĪаų϶ϦӰ죬Լһܽܵġ
ԼЩΪɱĪа׽󻼣û뵽·ɱһȺҧ
ҧҧУܲϷһΣ
Ԫ˻һ϶ǿһβɾһΣԼǾ޷ֵһεĹˡ
ĪǽյҪ㣡
ˣԼǲӦôŰ뿪У
뷨ԪһҲ¶ˣֻЦſǰħ̳ϣӷλʩʮΣҲһģƶɮĽơ
˵Ժ󣬻Ԫ֣Ȼ˺һֱɲǰٴ֧֡
˺λŮʩ;ɣ
ֱֺܴӽɲҲ棬Ԫǰסɲ
гӣħ̳Ҳûˡ
Σܲܲ֡
У㻹ֵܵΣ
ħ̳ٴΰڳƣ׼ٸԪһ
Ԫ泤̾һһԼ϶ǵֵסˣһᱻ飬ԼһḺˡ
Լˣˣɽ֮оûϣˡ
ӲͷƤվȫ߶֣ȴһص
ͻȻһ
лʦչˣ飬ͽɲԼӦɣ
Ԫдϲɲʱָˣһתˡ
Աһȥ֣Ԫ泤سһ
ħ̳Ͽɲվʱҡ
һʧģ˼ԼˣɲɲҲǶ֣οɲѾûѩͻ˶ˡ
û뵽;˸ϡԼ˲á
˰úУ׽ˡ
ɲָħ̳֪鲻ԼɲɲĶ֣ɴԲ˵˵
ǿɲָѾ֪²Ϊսţһ̵汼ȥ
Ԫһʱܹȥ⿪ϡѨϡָ˹
ϡ󣬼׷ض⣬Ѿ֪ա
ʵҲû׷˫࣬׷ȥҲδռˡ
ɲɲ˾ҪߵлԪԪ¡
λĪˣɲʩĶûκãƶɮҾӹ
ɲԼİһۣԻԪʦκĶɲԸⰰǰƾʦǲ
ӷɲʩˣǷٳ׷ƶɮҪɢԵɣɡ
ɲһòĸˣȥʮˣʵǷ޶Ѿǻֻ֮꣬ˣƤиפ
ʱҲԻԪʩ񣺡ʦ֪˵аѩһ£Ƿ棿
ӷ𣬳˲ڿ
ɲЩɻصҹ۴ʦ޳ѩһʦѩںδأ
Ԫ΢΢һЦѾܵӥˡ
ٲߵ⣬ſתԼˣҶԡ
Ԫﰵӥһ߿Ͷӥõ̷˹ھԪԼʮ׸ߵĵطһצӣѩԪһ̧֣ѩֱ䵽С
Ȼڣӥֻܿһ̧֣һѩֱ䵽˺С
Ψһǰô£Ȼ˵ƣĿЦؿǰŪĺС
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ӥѩֱӳͿշܳȥ·ˣǵĽǶȸ۲첻
𾪵ĻصڣٿԪĺѩͶء
ɲʦҲһѩϷŪˡ
ȥβɣ
ɲؽӹѩɲ˿˺ð죬ȷѩеƷֻɲĶˣ˼ӯֱ֪˵ʲôˡ
ѩ尾ɲº󣬲ʱϵĶȫ⣬Ѿǳ׺ת
ɲһβ˻ԪҲҪɲ˫˫ΰݡ
ϷӾþɽȻ̫ãɱ֮˽Ǹɱʲʲô񹲷ߵ飬ΨжĪһֱôʦȣǷ޶ຣлھͷĪʦвǲֻԾǡ
˵գ޴ٴǰ¡
Ⱥǰ棬һѴͷס
ǶˣѺԿףҷֱ룬˫˫ת
ȦȦ⡱һ죬ͷĻر򿪡
ȽͲûָ֤ˡ
صĺű򿪣һɺӿ˳
Ԫѧϰ澭˶̲סһ飬һѣ¶ȣ˸޷
ʦѾˣĪ˾ڱ棬ţǲܶһȥĪգƢı꣬ƽǸͷǴС촰ģԻֻȥһ˺ú˵˵ŭΪá
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ҲЩУǴﲻæˡ
Ԫ룬ˣֻƶɮһˡ
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ɲ˵ԪҲЩͷ
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282 ƭ˰
Ԫһͷһˡ
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Ԫһ˰
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Ǹڲؾ͵һֱԼҪѧϰ澭ˡ
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ӷλʩĪȻãǷ书㻹ûиһɡ
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˵ԺԶɲ˵ҾͽˣһĪ
ȻԸȥȰ˵Īа˵Ȼ⣬ҲԶϡǽ򿪺Կ׵ݸ˱ѡ
֮˶ĪаǷ񻹻ס
˰죬ƺеǸ˵ʲô
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ȧǣӥǣһ˫۾΢΢ݣ䣬һ֪˲򵥡
Ԫ滹ΪĪаΨҶ𹦿ܻ᷵ϻͯأڿû
ϡ˵껰ɲɲ׷׶ĪаأֻĪаһûдǡ
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ûܵϻŵϡĪаֱӶԻԪλµһʦ𣿡
ӷƶɮǡ
ãܺãԶ涼˵ˣ˴ܾҳӹΰϷҲ˵ʲôмĻˣ˵ҪʲôϷһǡ
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Ҫ󣿡ĪаѾ˵飬ԲȣܾȻԪ̬ȣȻôһҪʲôҪ󰡣˵ǱԼࡣ
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ĪаֱֱעӻԪ棬һ˫۾ԽȻεƣ˵ȴڲ֪еĸǡ
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ĪаŭߣЩ϶ֻ֪ԶΪʤ
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˵ĪаǶԵģֻ̫һЩ
ǻ˵ǲҲ־ҪȥԽˡ
˼ˣԪҲҪ뿪ˣȻɲɲԪȻѡ뿪
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ԶԶؿɽۼĹԪ㲻ҽȥ
ҹڶŮӣȥ˶в㣬ǲȥˡ
Ԫ汻ҭһ£Ǻðɣڴ˵ȺлᣬȻǰ㡣
ڻԪ滳̧ͷһֱҽ𣿡
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ͻȻֱ֣̽ԪڣСӡڻԪŴԪһȣؿŰá
ȻһЦˣǿҸӻڲڡ
һֱڵġ
ǿšáֵƣһֱԼ
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ûдԪӥϷһֱӽˡ
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283 Ĵ,Ϧ!
ԪͰûȥ֪֮Լ뷨²ãҲܲôˣվϦضһսϣòܾС
Žӥһ·УԪַ˾ɲԶһɽȡ
Ϊ뿪ɲ֮ǰԶԼҪԼһ顣
ɽȺ󣬷ԶûеԪýӥѲӡ
տ˵ĳɽ֮УӥѣܿͷԶټʮ֮߷ɱ
ԪɽǰĴµȴǺԶԼĵط
һԶӰǰ֡
ԪԶҲûʲôȣϾ˺ܳʱˣԼҲûȫ·ԼȵҲ
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ƶɮΪҪѧϰ澭
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ʩ뽲
ʦ֪ĳͣ
Ԫ濴˿ԶʩӦǽڲڹòӦǴԼʮʮ֮䡣
ԶЦЦʦˣԶѾʮˡ
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Զһһʦ㣬ʧ꣬ڽҲûʲôҲ֪ʲôط
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Ԫ˵ͷԼʶİǰֻһҸ˵ǰҲֻǸӣȽҹͱ֮Ҫ
ȽҹǶϲˡ
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ڴʦǰѧһֺķɵڶʦֶһ飬п䣬ʦĪаһ׽꽣ҵģڤ񹦡
书Ԫ治ɵöһѣΣ书Ȼһнпܡ
ɵ񼼣䣬꽣ڤ񹦣һһǿ
ǻԪҲʣĪаḲ꽣û˵ѽԶѧϰ˱ڤ񹦣ڵڻǸڰɡ
ԪʣԶЦʦʦִˣʵһ˽֣ʹȫѩɽ˶Ŀģĸ꽣ѹ׾ѧ׾ԲʩչҲ˴λȥħ̡̳
ѧϰΨҶأ
׹ȷʵѧˣֻѧһ㣬ͷֲо߻ħף뿪ħ̣Ҹطȹ˽٣ƼȥɲΪΨҶԹɲбѣѹҴܵû뵽һȥ;оͱɲɲúסˣΪɲ˻Ķвȵġ
ԪȫʼĩǵĹ򣿡
ʦҵõڤ񹦵ʱһ书Щ̷Ծʱûѧϰڤ񹦣Ϊ˱ҽڤ񹦵ؼص֮ףҷԼԴɣѧϰڤ񹦵ʱ򣬲ŷԼѾ޷صĺѧϰؾͻᱻһֱûҵصİ취Щ궼ķˡ
ԶԣԪ涼֪˵ʲôã۲ʶ񰡣ڤ񹦶ѧȥѧʲôⲻ
ڵ֮ǾһڵϢ׽ȥҲܺܿҲǰ֮ȥѰұڤ񹦵ؼˡ
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ֻǻһ㣬͵־飬ȥΪӣǻúܶв
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㲻ˣƶɮҲûؼֱǰ֣Ѱƶɮʦһƣ˵ʱµģţ͸ƨ֣Ȼ֪ˡ

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ȻԷѾ֣ԪҲͲˣֱָ
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ͻԪԺԶֱ뿪ɽȣһ·ȥ
֪ЩֵõԶӣԪﻹǷǳģ澭ҲҪڵӣȴԶҲ޲ɡ
ԶߣҲΪʱѾˣۿҪҹ齱ʱҪˣԼܼˡ
Žӥֱ뿪һһεĵص㽵䣬ԪýӥѲӣԼѷ磬ԼҪʼ齱ˡ
ոûж೤ʱ䣬»ûô׼ϵͳʾ𣺡Ϧ齱ʱ䵽Ƿȡ
ϴεϵͳԶȡûȡʲôöԪһֱԹأͱһȴϦΡ
ȥ꣬ԼϦȡǴˣ³ɺޣϵͳöԼԪҪˡ


284 Υ֮Ϧ
ԪҲ³Ѿˣϵͳʾ
Ϧȡʱ䵽Ƿгȡ
ȡ
Ԫ漸ҧгݵ˵仰ϦĳȡԼԹ̫ˣǰεʱֱӱϵͳȡˣܲ
ϵͳԼ簲ıǮǻԪ̡
ϰϵͳȡƷϰϵͳѧϰ书ûԪȥ书һ𣬼ֱҪ
Ԫ˵ȡǺþòϵͳת
ת̣Ԫо˵У̲סȥָĳ嶯
ϵͳתʱϵͳʾٴ
Զȡϵͳʼȫģʽ
ƣԪ治ˣʲôȫģʽ
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ȫģʽָϵͳƷܵޣ򵥵˵Ǵ󽱹˲д⣬ȫڳȡΧڣ˫Ҳ֮ǰƵĽҲ֮ǰؽɵģʽ
ϢԪ˺һ׹
ԭǶڴ󽱵һǿ˴󽱣п˫ǻгȡĻᣬ֮ǰȡʱ鵽˴󽱣Ҳֻͨûٻ˫ߴĿܡ
˫Ҳǳױ˫⣬ĽԿС
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ȻϵͳתڣʮԼʹ˴󽱣ҲԶܵõ⽱ֻǳȡͨƷʵϿɹѡģֻʮѡ
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ϣܱûϣҪãڻԪ˵ǸϢ
˺ϢͺˣԪָоһɽ֮ϵϦȡҲһʱ̡
ϵͳ͹ȫģʽϵͳתȫʣƷʼ֡
ԪȥΪԼٳȡѡʧˣڳȡҲҪ
Ԫʮһһѡʯһѡһѡ
ЩԪ룬Լ̰ƵˣһֱȥĻ¸Ҳǲܵġ
ЩȡҲԣԼӿʧĽ̡
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뽨ƵȡƺҲΪʱԶˡ
ֱǽħơۡȡ
ħȻǲģǻԪ۹ȴ䵽Ǹ档
ȽӽףоŻɫһ֪
ԪĵһоȺɮõǸҲе㲻һϾɮõ͵ģı˵ͿɲܶҪ΢㣬ҲԲͨӵеġ
ȣԪ治õǸɣˡ
սңẒ̇üһƬհס
ŷ񶼲ˣֻһЩϵͽҲǷˣǺָʢʱٹ⡣
Լо飬ҪĶֻǧɽˮģ뽫͹ȥʵס
ˣԼҪȥһãﵽǸʲôģ
֮ҲһѿĴ󵶣дš֡
һƺһ«
ƿźܺʵӦǷǳ̵ģԪ濴һۣдţκì̴ܴ
Ԫһ亹ҪٸԼһֻìдϣκζ̴ܴܶǿɾˡ
©ì۵Ľֻ˵ˮ
«װҩõģԪϴ󻹵ûˣҲûϸ
һǲ䣬⡢ࡢ󽱡˫
ľθĶֲһǧֱ֥Ӿǧģޱ
һСǴɽףÿСʱʮٶȸٴ򶴣ǲɽֱܱ֮Сˡ
ҲһģܵķʽΣա
ĶûԪһüһξȻһߡ
̫ˣϵͳܳȶʮף֮Լǰ֪ҲһϸֱӳˮͰﵽˮ׼
ϵͳܣѪȻǲڼ
⣬߻ûʲô࣬ôƤţڼȷʵ˺
һĶԪЩ߿½ӥܽƷˣס
˲ľ֮ǻԪΪڴ书ˡ
ѧֱǧڻǽ
Ԫ濴˿ѧûʲôڴȻѧԼҪΪԼһ¾߼⼸Ǽġ
Լǰɽȡ߼ѧҪģЩʱû̫Ļѧ
мѧһư˴һӰȡ
˶Ź㲻ӰȣԪϹ򲻲ˣư˴Լʵԣõһȷ·ѧ߾磬Ҳȫʵսս
Ȼ֮ǰԼҪŸ߼ѧ
Ԫ濴һۣ׽
׽ȻǷǳ÷ǳõĽǶʱ䲻ЧûԪЩź
ܳȡôȻҲǺõģֻɲóˡҵؿ˿󽱺׽ľеԶԪȥǾ׽
Ͼȡ󽱣Ҳδлõ׽
Ǿ⼸ȽԶˣϾܴ󽱶һ
Ժ󣬻Ԫֱӵ˿ʼȻʼȡ
һĳ̶ȣо׽ʱ򣬻Ԫɿ֡
Ѹٵĳ˳ȥתһȦ֮ٶȷŻ׽ӽ
һǰŲţԪ濴׽ǰһħƣ㷲
ǹؼʱԼѡȥˣǧҪԼиǾˡ
㻹Ծ˽ħ档
ԪûӦûߡ
ٴǰһ䵽׽֮ϡ
εǰٶе죬Ԫ̸оã㻹أͣ׽ˡ
ȻȻһһٴǰȻһͷͣ¡
ԪһƷȴûƵ飬ԼԤйȻǶԵģǺӡ
ɽˮ·һ壬ûгȡ׽ȻͣԼþöûй˫棡
Լһ˫ʲôʱˣҲԵõƷ
˫ʼʱ򣬻ԪͻȻ𣬸ոϵͳʾˣ˫Լ⣬ƷǹȥֱƵˡ
˫Ĺâʼ˸ԪٴԼʲôأ
лٴεõ׽ֻߡ


285 Ʒ
˫ʼɿԪغһȴص
ڣ˫ĵһͣ䵽˷һ档
õ˷һ֮󣬵ڶûϳ֣ȳϵͳʾ
ȡһ㣬ǷʹöĲܣ
һ㣬ǿ۳һɮ󣬿ԷŴ󵽺ܴ󣬳֮⣬̫á
۳ȡĲ֮󣬾ͻһѡĻᡣ
õ˷֮󣬻Ԫԥһ¡
ǶĲһΰɣԼĸоرãĲ࣬˲ӰʵӮ˻пе㡣
Ĳ
ԪԼԼ
ѡ˶Ĳ֮󣬹âٴ˸
ܿģâֹͣһζĲ
һ࣬Ȼõ˱Ԫиˣǵõ㻹㣬Լкܴʵ塣
ϣõǷ㣬ĴηͲһεģ´ζĲͿȥȡ⣬ɹ˾ֱӵõһѡ
ʱԪѡһ߼书װʵõξ档
һõĽȻ㡣
Ԫ沢޲Ȼ壬Ǿ˵ʵø
ϵͳ˵㣬Թ뾶һڵˣҲɵһˣֱԺ
뾶һѾǺܴһΧˡ
Χ֮ڣԼֻҪ㹻Աôһֱܹ˵ԺҲѡĳһضʵǷǳ̬һ
ǵĲ׵ķΧڣǧףһף߲Ǵﵽ׵ʮ׾룡
ʮ׵ľ룬൱һٹİ뾶ԲİڣʱԼ¹ƾܽһˣͣĥ㣬㷢裬뱻ĥǾҪ
µһ׾Ҳ㲻ˣϾԼոտʼʱƾʮ׵ڶոռ֣ѱĵӡ
õ˷һ㣬Ԫ濪ʼȴ˫һ
һĲɣڶ̾ͳˣֱӳ˴档
Ԫ濴ȡ˴ˣǻûзΪԼ֪µõĻʲô
ôǿջϲһˡ
Һϵͳʾܿ죬ȡ书鿴һƷ
ȫĲģʽĸıˣ֮ǰֱӵ֣鿴ȥɣûУһһĽ
Ԫ˷ܵĻһһѾû˷ɵĳȺϡ
ʲôмʱꣿ
Ǽʱꡣ
ϵͳеԵģ֪ԼûгȡǸԼһؽֲԼ˵顣
棬书ؼģӸߵ֡
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ຣޱߣͷǰ
˵ͻأףԺ涼Ǵģͷǰͷǰǰ
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ηˣڱǰװŪ
ٰŭһԼħ٣ָһңһĶ
һЩԺɢˡ
ԪʵҲһٰ֣׾ģרƸн;УͽԪΡ
ƽ⣬ԪҲˣϿڴסӭ׶ǰȥ·
ħ̵飬ͨӥһ޲ε˽ڣԵǲӰģŷĵʹֻӭ׶ӡ

ǰֵĺУٰɫһϲԶԶĶԻԪʦԭ㣬Ǻٰ׿Ц𣿿ٰײǰµл𣿡
ʶͻȻֵĺУӭ׶ӵ˶һе˻ֻԪЦЩˣôˡ
Ԫ滺ǰٰ׼ʦٰ׿ǽ͵ȥˣʦʱûյ𣿡
ӷƶɮδյ
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ٰ״˿ѾȫûЦݣǿڻԪ˵ķݶϣӵʦԲӣʥǺεȵطٰȻҲǿдˣȻԸģʦˡ
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ԪЦЦȻͬģôƶɮҲ޻˵ƶɮѣɷƶɮһ䣬ͬģƶɮתߣ޶
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ƶɮС֮УΣѣ˻δ˵߾ߣ˰ﵽףͷ͵ƶɮߡ
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˵Щ¾ͷˣֻҪֵĺУԼҲþǰУǶǹ𣬱Ȼ˲֪˭˭͡
ӭ׶ǰţһڵĸ֣ʮԲ·Ĵһ׷׻赶Ԫȥ
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Щ˿Ԫ治㣬ȻŪףȴûͣӣĺ䵽˻Ԫͷϡ
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291 ͬھ
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ȿȥˣʵҲǳԶ
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292 
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294 
Ԫûɽܣר᫵ɽ·û·ɽܡ
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ӶЦһɵܰʣĻЦԪ绹ǵһ˵ȴо˵Ȼ


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298 ɵһ
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޲ûˣԼƵĹУҲֱܱģûйᱡҲһ
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ͷ˿˿ϲãû뵽θ޲ˣܴôĺô
Ԫ澪ϲھйһ졣
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һῪʴ󷽵޷¶ɬСŮ̬ԪȻȤҲҹڵЦڵ޲أƤʱ򣬻ǲҪҿڵĺá
վڻԪǰ޲µЩƮҿţǲҿԪ棬ڵҲ֪ڵôˣȥ֣ҲҪиҪеĻһؽȥԼȻְɡ
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ô֪ģ
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ϵطС޲Ϊסòٴ˵˻ԪĻ
УסǷҺܶ࣬һӶˡ
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Ŀ֮£̷ɳĽ𵤣ȷ
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ˣԻһʱĺϽڶʹ׳Ϊʷ
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ԼĵӴﵽڣԼΪԲɣ
⣬һҪ
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ඥĻԪԼȡ׼ඥʱϵͳԶһרΪඥ֮á
ҹඥΪ֣һڹඥֱһ֡
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һѧඥԪѡԼһ书ֱͨඥķʽڸӡ
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һƶԻԪ˵ĲǣԪһʵֻ˵Щ𣿡
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ʦ֣˵ˣ˵֮ǰǰȸһ뽫СȥȻĻͲˡ
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ԪվһƵƶɮȻΪɮ쳾֮ǣҲ࣬ﲻĳ̶ȣҲȥ˵棬ԳΪȨı˽ѹ֣ƶɮȻҲִУίȫôһˣŪŪϵҪˡ
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ʱӦüþȻңԶǽӥУҲͲˣֻǵ֮󣬸ֵộƶɮƣһµʱ䣬ôҲƶɮˣʱ佫³Żûɴ£ƶɮҲʱأպһȥá
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һҲѧ֮ˣһ뵽ԴĵطҪȡҲǲԽĳȣѵ


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Ԫ濴׵Сһ˿ů
෴޲·̧ͷֱֱעӻԪ棬Ҳһ˿ΣȻǰ˿ŻԪ棬һ˿ĪĴ̼о
ǸоԪͬҲУһСܣûиȻΪãָо͵Ĵ̼
ԽԪ棬޲¾͸оЩǿ򶨵صɣ㡭һȥʱܻ
Ҫһҵʱ䡣
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޲΢΢üԻԪòҪ̫ʱ䣬Ȼǵġ
ϼûз޲µĻὫԼŵһС˳ԻԪһµɮۣǲ½㡭ңһģ·ϻŴɡ
Ԫ˹򿪿˿һɮɫţȫûͨɮѿĸо
⿴˸飬ȷûбѪϻʲôģԪģɮҲװԼİ档
Һ޼ҿɹˣɽ¾סɲһȥﲻܰ
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Ԫ΢΢һЦǵصģȥܷܿأֻչԼ˺ǡ
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Ԫһڰóһ
Լ齱õʯ쳣ҲûʲôǮĵطԪҲ͸Ǹѡ
ҲƶɮһӣȻҪģƶɮضˣˣϰɡ
ͺһ϶ʱ糺죬ؿߵ޲һۣоϲҲɬ
޲Щɫ԰ףǿջЦصðӦһЩˣҲƽи롣
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Ԫ΢Ц֣ʯϡ
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ȻԪûкԼ˵ЩĻҲûжԼʲôܵĶţͻԪģ˴˶׶Էģֻһжûʱѡ
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˵ͷͷŪԼʯϴЦݡ
Ԫߵ޲µߣ΢΢ͷȥС
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ԭʯͷ棬ѹһ龧Ө͸ˮҲǻԪ齱á
ˮԪúɫ˿߲һ׹֮һζʮɫҫ۶Ŀ
޲¾ȵſС㾪
ҵػͷһ֮ȻǱԼŪԼ󴦣Ժһ
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ͷϸܵĺ޲ԥһ£¶ģҲҪҴϡ
Ԫ˵ͷʱ򣬲ԥ
޲һóԪ˫ֻƵķ۾棬ˮ׹ϡ
ˮŵ޲µǰǸʵţԪҲһȣˮźã֡
޲¸糱ָǸˮԼķ۾ζţⶫ̫ˣ㱣Űɣʲôʱ뿴ˣ￴
˫أˮǰȴ˵ԼԪܲ
ֻǺܶ໰Ҫ˵Ҳûе˵ʱ
˾ôĬĬķֱûʲôıĻûʲôĶֻһ˿˵ļص
ӥҡգԪͷһۣǾɫ˫ԶԶԼ
߸ϵǣֻˣھѾԼŮӡ
Ѿڲ֪֮бԼ񣬶ʱ䣬̫á
Ԫ³һӥ𶯳Ϸȥ


305 ȸ
ʢãǧɽˮӥ𶯳򣬷Ծɽ󴨣ɳĮԭһ·϶ȥ
Ԫ沢ȷԼһ¾ҵõλãֻƾǰļ䣬ϣúԼ֪Ǹ벻̫Զ
Ȼ֮Уɹ۲ŵ棬ԼԼֵܽĵطԼӹ
Ĵ󴨣Ӧþǳ
ǲãɽ룬Ī룿
Զǽĵطڵĸԭ
̺죬Ǿ޴ĵ죬Ӧþĺǵڡ
ҹԪ潵䵽һɽϢýӥҲȥʳ
ڶӭųϼ·磬ӥƲ֮ϷС
ֻʱ򣬻ԪͺȷǰķθоߴˣʹӥµƲ֮£ۿϵĵΡ
ֹ۲ȷʵ̫ףʢƵĹ磬֮󣬸Ѱҡ
ԪȷԼĴûдΪԼ𽥵ظоȴϢ
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Ϊȷص㣬ϷһΣϷ޾
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طһΣ½ģԪһص㣬䡣
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ԪȲ䣬оϵɮЩˣΧˣɴͽɮԼ׼Ǽȥ
һɫɮۣǺܷʴԳ壬һ㣬ɮ۵ıԵҲˮɫıߡ
ϲɫϸ˵ɮѾϵɮۣǺվһ𣬷Щװζ
·͸Ժ۳̶ȶԼԭǼܱģԪ洩ŸоˬһЩ
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Ԫ滹ʲôͻȻǸȥŪԵĶշ򾪻̵˻ˣүץūˣ


306 ,
շæܻɫţ˵İүץˡ
Ȼ򶨣շ̫ģүǰҸЩ飬ӦòΪǵġ
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շ˵ˣ棬Ů˵㣬޳ǰһЩġ
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Ȼ̼صүȷʵûǮٸЩʱɣշľҪȥˡ
ߣ飬˭ܱ֤һڴ֮УһܵҪǮɡ
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ͬʱܵĻǼʿǾȻûܹšƽʱָͷöүҲ֪ȥԺ᲻ᱻ㡣


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ˣٴȥǸɲʦɡ
ǰȷ黹þ٣ԪﰵˬΨһֶΣȴЧֶΡ


308 ʢƵɮ
ԤеĽ˲˹ү˻뿪ˡ
ԪһȺʿĻ£һ·˸ӡ
Ԫٴܵ˱Χ۵ĸоֻǣΪΧˡ
һܵΧֻ»ܲڣֳڻԪ˵ֻС˼ٶΧ۶ҲǼҳ㷹
żĸСʲôرעԼˣԪ滹ЦһЦŪСӲ˼㡣
ɮ治ɫһ·Щõʿ˲򵥰Ǹġ
Сܴ󣬻Ԫһһǰ
ԲԲķ̽ǽڣǽϵķӸеý񣬶֤һʦľ½á
ʦǸɲʦľǲʺȥģһ˽ȥͿˡ
ԪɮݺֳЩʿеη̬ҲԽغá
Ԫ˵ͷ䷿ӡ
ڣϤ̴ζ
̴㣬滹о
ľô󣬻ԪĿһ
֮ǳС˷̵ľ˾鹲ʮҪɷΪĴ󲿷֡һ Ҫܽͽͷ̵Ļڶ Ӽֱǵ޵ʹ̻ ˵ӱٵȹ£ּں̣Ȱ˵ΪҪģڵĲ̡֣
ﲵ̣ҪǲŽ̵ƶȡʽۣԪƣⱾÿ϶ˣΪȸĽµĹȣҪµӰ죬⾭϶ȽϷڿȸĹ˼
ȻĿܣѾûĴ˷𷨾ˡ
һڵľͣ˲ûзֻԪˡ
û֣ԪҲվڣҡ
һԼʮɮ¡
ͬʢƵĺдţɮ洩ŻɫһϺɫӡ
˵ӣ˵ֱӹһ鲼Уֱֻ¶棬㶵ؿŽĻԪ档
ԪһҲɮˣȻɮˡ
ڵɮ˫ֺʮԪʩӷλؾǸɲʦˡ
ɲʦҲæԪʩ񣬿ڵѯʵʢģ
ֵԪ澪ˣû뵽úһ۾ͿԼʢˣȷʵе
ƶɮʢƵĺɽ£·ɣһ䡣
ȻʢƸɮһʦ
ɲԪ棬쳣飬æԪһӣ˲
ԪЩֵصɲʦʢɮˣ
ʢɮأƶɮⱾһλʢʦڣȻڵãȷʵҲˡ
Ԫµʵ֪ʢλɮڣ
ôʱķɣԪʢƵĸɮҲ֪˲٣ЩɮȴԼЩʧԻԪڸɮ̫ðֻŻʢƺãЩ档
λɮԴʦʢưµġ
Ԫ֮ҡҡͷû˵Դʦ÷˵
Ԫ治֪ɲ͵һʦ֪ҲԴʦѾʮˣ·ϻ˺ü꣬ʱ򣬻ŵʱ򣬹һʦ겻Ӧò֪
ƶɮǲ֪еԴʦǲ֪λԴʦںδأ
ɲԴʦ־Ҫ޲£ú𷨣ĴԵȥˣϴμʱ˵Ҫȥ֮Ҿûмˡ
ɲĻԪȻ𾴵ͬʱһЩʧ
Դʦ޽ԺȻǺõģһԼҵȡ˾Ͳˡ
ܲñȥȡǾʧȥ˻Ԫ汾ƻ塣
˵ĻԼļƻҪһˡ
ֱǰõĹǷкʵѡͬʱҲܼõϾȡҵһҪ׿ڴӦЧȡҲ䴫
ֺ͸ɲ̸˼䣬Ԫ򵥵˵Ҫǰ顣
ϸɲʦȴɫصһʦҿ㻹ǲҪǰĺá
ΪΣ
ɲĹղͬˣط̣ɮ¶мӣڲһˣȻɾط̣ǲǶɮ˶ˣصģֻµùʦҲһλʢˣ˵һλʢɮ¡
Ԫû뵽õĹʦҲһλʢɮ¡
ˣôùʦӦܸԼĴҵһϾʢƣôҲ׽һЩ
ɲȴʢĹʦ̫ˣƽһǹ룬зһúڹսʿˣõؿأһٷΪʦԳӵнղ֮ԺŽշ񼸺ȨƵˣƴӡ
Ԫﰵ˼
շ򵥰ɲݣƺղ֮гɣ˵ԶԶԼġ
Լӵͷ۹ȵȣҼ˽ղ֮ѧڷϵͳڣǱϾûгȡ
ղ֮֮Ǹ߼ѧԼѧĻ֮ϡ
û뵽Ȼ˻ֹ򣬶һΪõĹʦ
ԳƽշƺһɵģҸɲ˵Īղ֮ͬʱҲɣ
Ҫ˵ʵԲСˣձѧˮƽƫͣ书޼ˡ
ˣôҲӰԼǰʢ˵ιʦȻԽߣλԽߣȻǹʦԼӿֱˡ
Ԫ治ףɲշȨܴ˵˵𷨣˱Уɮ¶ˣܶ಻ͬ汾Ҫõɮ¶ϽͬϽģһɱµĹڣеɮ¶£ȰʦҪȥȥˣǳΪշ£Ǳ
£
ԪЩţշѬģֱΪˡ
ȻˣƶɮΪԼűµطġ
Ԫ˵ͷʹˣԪҲҪȥ¹ش󣬹ʲôԹܸıԼľ
ɮ¶ϽԪǲˣԼһɲǰ裬ǽշԼԼҲڲˡ
㲻ãշԼҵϰء
ԪִǰɲֵǴʦҪǰȥôȥȡһ֤֤ǰģֻǵĹǲᱻġ
񣿺Ҫ񣿡
СŮǿȸĹάŹҪˣƣκ˶ǰ񣬶Ҳ壬ﷸڹڼ䵽άŹɻʱڣᱻ
ɲĽܣԪ΢΢ͷ˵ĻҲԣ벻õĽշˡ


309 ,ʶ!
ɲɮСϻǺģ˵仰Ǹ򳤾͸Ԫһֻ֤ҪŴ֤֤ǰģǵҵģɳ롣
õ֤֮󣬻Ԫǰ·˸ɲ뿪С
С̫ԶԼңԼýӥУʱòϡ
ǻԪ沢ûʹýӥУǴǰһ·һȴ⡣
һ㣬Ǻ¶ʮˣٹһͿԳ齱ˣԪ齱ٽ
ԪҲ˻ϳԼЯһЩң·һҬӺһ㽶߱߳ԣСȻԵá
ʢƵʱȷʵѵôɵʱϣ˵ů˾Щģָоǳѵá
Ȼ·˵ҲйۿģԪ涼ںԼֲõľ⣬ûɶġ
õŮ˵λƺܵͣԼȺշ򸾣Ǹõģȵݵλշ򣬼ʹԼȥʱͶշڴš
ŮǱ֮ȣڼҵĵλԶԶ硣
·ŵģµǣѵüһŮ˵Ӱӣ˵Ůˡ
Ҳ֪ԪûôģԼ棬һӰٵ˹ȥ
ŮͷɴݣֻǾôŮļãŻǳɫɴ£ɴҲûж˴ģΪ۸񲻷ƣֻЩɲײŮӲܴһķᶼ޷š
Ů·Ԫߵʱͣһ£˻Ԫһۣƺܾȡ
ԪԴԼ˧Ҳɡ
˻ԪһۣŮƺͣ£ǺһŲ٣ü˴ӺŮּӿŲǰߡ
һӺ˼׷˹ܵŮߣΧǰΧŮߴתﳪ衣
š
ոճһ䣬Ȼֹʲôס˺ƴĿֱ
һĻԪ汻ˡ
ŮӾȻʹõĸָѨ
ԼڶμյѨһʹôʽ˲ס˻һʮˡ
ԼָҲǸָֻ޴ɱָѨĳ̶ȣյѨһžļɣûи޷ɵġ
Ůӳֵһ˲䣬ԪжϳŮһ֣һڡ
ֵʱȿƵĸոպã˿ԲֹжȴҲû˺Էĺܵλ
þȻŮӣ˾ȣ
ſԣúŮӵ˶վס˽š
ǼǵĸˣΪʲôÿ˶᷸ë
ŶȻҺòҿɲҲԸûꡣ
ðɣҲˣȻȥӦûס˭ȷǲǸ˹ء
ЩӶͣȻǶԽӽŮʧȥġ
Ԫ滺ţŮҲܺ棬ĵ׷ȥʸ
û˺˾ŮӵĲҲڻԪǰ治Զĵطš
һյ֫ǰҡҷţĿ
Ԫ沢ʲôⰮ֮˽֮Ҳǲġ
ŮӺͻԪ汣ôһ룬ߣһֱǰһϡ
Ԫ㽶ҲûˣҬˮҲȹˣֽ㽶ƤҬӿǶֽ档
ŮӾվӵڴûжԪȥˣŻظ˻Ԫĺ档
ʱ򣬻ԪѾЩȷһ飬ŮƺԼл˵
ǻԪʣԼⱲӣϱӣκεŮһ˿һĽӴҲʶκһˣŮԼʲôأ
ΪԼ˧ôΨһĿܣŮӿԼҲ书ġ
ԼܿԷڣԷҲܿԼ书ֻȷԼһʲôˮƽˡ
Ԫǲȥѯʵģһ²һ¡
ӣǴһǰԶĻ𻨸Щγɺ·ǸɲԼģ˻𻨸֮ԼϢһ죬ɳ齱ٽ
ȥ𻨸õķʽзǳʵһЩСӵİģƽȣһܡ
ҲûйܾԼԶŮӣԪֱվ
к֣ܶĿԳˣ𻨸һңпԳ˵ģطǶҡ
ȻֳȻСֻ˵ģ滹׼ʳ͹ƣҪʮҡ
Ԫݳһأʮһ
վ˺˵ĴѾˣֵǼһûУҪѡҪģһϾ͵¸Լأײ˵ںܶǰر𱬡
ԪţŮҲڻԪ治Զĵطš
һֱ˴Լʱһ˫вΧ£ȥ׼
վȺ˫ǰ𻨸ʮң
˻һǷ׷ױԹӳĺڣۡ
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ǱԹһϳʮҿɲСĿˣǰǰ𻨸ҵģû뵽Ƿַ
ˣԪ˹ȥǳʮңˡ
úúãʦûУǲ
ųӣΧЩ߿ȴû˸˵ΪԪǸɮˣڵĺУɲײ涼ǹ壬ǿܲʩٺ»ģֻЩܺɮ˱ȱǮĳ̶ȣЩ޽ײ㣬޷˼ȵġ
һλɮˣҲǸоͦãԻԪккܶˮ͹ƣûԪ澡á
ƿӣԪ濴һۣװεĸûʵģɵȷʵ
׼ϳŮͻȻ˻ԪߣǸˡ
ö˵ĿԪڶƺЩϤֻһʱ벻ʲôطˡ
ϸŮӣȻ÷Σ̬ӯûжŮӵķ̬ЩʢƵĹ
򿴵ͻȻ˸Ůӣһ¡
ȻķǶʮңǰɮˣͻȻһŮӣҲ֪ǲǸôϣͽѯʵĿͶԪ档
Ԫ濴˿ɴŮӣڵλƶɮƺʶ㡣
ŮӶŻԪذһ£Ԫһƣȷһʢ֮ˣ򸣵ĶŮǲġ
ŮӽĻûԪԾ
ܸü㣬һ䷽ɡ


310 
Ů˵Ԫ΢΢һ۾ʶԼԼȴʶ
˵̶ˣԪҲͶǸλǺƶɮһġ
ȻλϻǮĴʦˣҲô࣬ϳȻϳ뿪С
֮ϣԪ˴һ΢紵Ϊȵմһ˿
ӵ𻨸ٶ·̣ԼҪһһҹʱ䣬ԼҪǰŮӹͬ߹һˡ
Ԫû˵ǰŮӡ
ŮǴ򿪴濴һڿû˸ţ֮󣬲תͷԪ档
ҲûƿɴǶԻԪɿ϶ڲ²˭Ȼйһ֮ԵǴҲǴɴԷɿҵĿҪΪʹҵĿҲδ
˵ԪŬػԼʲôɴŮӡ
ɫڵĽŮӣȷʵϰߴɴԼʶļλ֪Уȥ޲£˶ɴ
ʹɴԼҲĿһԼûмأ
ôƽģɴҲв٣Լһʱ
ƶɮȷʵǵںδŮʩˡ
ʦɼǵûɽ
Ԫһ䣬̾˸࣬Ͼڻɽʱ򣬾ôЩˣɴŮӸ޼ԼΨһûĿģֻǸȺիˡ
ĪǴȺի
Ⱥիˣһ䷽ɡ
ٴθԪʩ񣬻ԪҲæ
ȻԴȺի;ûʲôøУϴڻɽ֮ϣȴԼֳʲô⣬ӡ󻹲
ԭǴȺիû뵽Ϊװ
ǵģ˼ʦʱ򣬻ΪԼˣͣһ£ȷһ䷽ɣʱҲǾϲĪ
ϲ£ú֪꣬ңԶĹһʶˣȷʵǺѵõ飬ͨ
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Ԫֵİ˰֣Ҳǡᣬʲô¡
ûԪǫ֮ԣʦ˼ݣǻ۹ˣ磬ˣû뵽ʦϣʦԮ֣һΡ
һĸñûаѻԪΣʵ֪ûʲôΪ֮£
ʦԴϴδӻɽȥ֮ҴȺիʧһҪĶ飬ҵ͵ˣ˺ҵĸͬһ׷ɱˣһֱ׷˽£á
˵ĻԪо췽ҹ̷ʢ׷ãⶪʧĶʲô
ãٶȷʵˣĻǲӦôġ
˿Ԫɻ󣬽͵Ǵɽѩԭڲãɽ֮зһӴľˣҲľȥ׷˳£Ưһ£
ԭˣõĺӣԴͷȷʵڸԭ֮ϡ
ԪΪʲôô죬ԭ˳Ʈġ
ȴʺȡˣӺԴͷ˳ʢǱȥˡ
ҵ͵𣿡
˵ͷֹһεҵǸ͵˼ƻӲ潻սΰ֮£ˣֻʣ˻һλʦ֡
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֪ǴȺիںʱ
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һֱѰҲôʢȥأ
ĵ̾Ϣһֻ׵СֽһΪ¹ؽЩס
ʦʼʱʦ˵ȥҲͬ⣬ΪʧĶǳҪʦҪһĶʱƣǸ֪ǸʦѾʧȥģ֪òѣȥǺˡ
Ϊƶɮֻһˣʦأ
ʦѾڹ˷ӣѾ˷ʢƵϣﰲ仧ˡ
ʦֲˣ
ǵģ˵ȥʢûϣʱͻȻҲ֪ãɴͲȥˣȰҲá
Ҳȥ𣿡
ٴ̾ϢһȻҲ֪·̣һ߲ģҶʧĶûһȥʦ
ԪҲ˸оѹһ磬ҲΪˣΨһʦʧȥ˽ȥһŮ̫ˡ
ѵǸ͵ľȫޣ
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׷ɱˣǺУ˲ɣϽշҲ֪в
ͣһ£˼һ㣬Ҫȥʦ֣Ǿ뿪ôҲ㲻ҵʦˡ
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˵ǼƻûջҾüѰһ꣬һ޽Ҿһ˷ʢơ
˵⻰ʱϣʾģûԪҲΪ֮ݡ
һ˷ʢ˵ףɲô򵥵ģһȺħֻ߰أһŮӣȻչˣΣճ̶ȲԶ
Ԫţֵռɣ˾֪תˣɼȻãҲлȥİ취ɲϣܴһʢȥ
һŮӷװˣԪ΢΢̾ϢһȲƶɮǰùҲ£ˣҲõԲ̸۴Ҳ١
˵˵ͷҲãҲҪȥǽշǲ͵ˡ
˵Ժؿ˳ϣ˸ǷԻԪʦ˵Ｘ£ûϢùдʦߣذȫˣҪϢһ£֪ɷ񣿡
һŮ⣬ʱ̱־裬Ԫ֪ѴҲǾף˵ͷﾡܷϢǣҪһһҹء
Ȼˣлʦˡ
˵ţɴժ


311 齱ʱΣ
˳ȥɴԪ΢ЦĿû㣬ûйⲻ͸һ͡
ûͣ˺쳣ľ£Ƥ𪣬оͬһմްɰ
ǻԪҲͣʶļλ֪ǾɫҶԼһЩ⣬ǰԼݣԼҲϵͳԼٳٲϸһ𸴣ȷ̬ȣ˰á
ɼʹǶ԰ãԪҲһֱмӣԽ׳ذ벽ΨԼʧܣܴŮһҸδʱ˺
Լģչ˺ǣΣհˡ
ȻʹڵһУҲԼģȣһߵ˽̶ȡ
һ뻹ףһȢţڵĻԪȴо̫ŮΪԼġ
⼸κͰ÷ֱ𣬺Ľֱ𣬼Ϻ޲·ֱԼܴǵ￴ŨŨǣҺ͵ǡ
Ƕδĵǣ˵ĵǣԼ»ؽֵĵǡ
ǲûзڼţݼûԪжԼȴ޷֤Լδˡ
ţȥƺ˼飬ڻԪᵽˡ
˼λĶԴԼľɫգԪѾ㣬ЩӦĸоﻹȥκˣȻȴԼֻǱŵ۹⣬˳ȥɴ
˳ȥɴͬʱҲ͵͵ĴԪ档
ȻһֱΪǸееɮˣҲ֪ԼòΣ֪ԼŶҲһֱɴԭ
е˻Ŀ⿴Լе˻ɬĲҿԼе˻ᾪޣеװмһˣʵ͵͵ؿ
Ψῡεķɣ۹̹ϵģģ˸оܿġ
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ɲͬĴ󵨵˯һֱڰΰ֮䣬ʱ
֮Уӥƶ֮ϿţҲһʱ֪ͨԼ
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˯һһҹȻԪʱ򣬲Ժ۾
һǰķɣֱ۾С˯һһС
Ѿ˻𻨸ˣ³ˡ
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˵Ժϸŵһű˼ЦЦʦˡ
޷˻𻨸ƶɮҪϢһ֪Ǽǰأڻ𻨸
ǴôʦģСŮӸߣ˴ʦֻʱίһҵطˣȵʦˣš
ܺã˵Цš
ԪҲЦȻˣ峿ƶɮȺ˹ɡ
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Ѿȥ
ԪҲ뿪³ʱѾӰ
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˵һɱ
ﾭսԪΣһֱܵĸоļ˲䶼ڽĵس֣Ԫû̻ͷǰ
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֮ڣԼʶ˭Ϊʲô˻Լɱأ
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ȺΧص·ģõƺҲʢ٣ҸղżԼѾҲˡ
ԪڻɣղԼĸоǲǴˡ
˫۾ԼȷʵˣǸ˿ԼŨҵɱ⣬һǾԲдġ
Ϊʲô
Դ죬ԼΨһ˾Сϵİүˣǰү˾һղſ̽Լˣõġ
ǸˣʵԲͣҸһ쳣ΣյĸоҲ֣Һܿܲǳڸ֡
ǳ֮⣬ԼûнӴˣ˸ɲˡ
ɲӦҲᣬҲֻǸͨ˰ˡ
أӦҲᡣ
ղŵǸˣһԪţûжԸԼɣ˯һһҹǾԲװģӦǺԼġ
ǻ˭أ
ӥȻ֮УʧȥˣȻһҵղŵˡ
һ󣬰˼⣬ԪɴҲͲٿˣʼҪֻҪԼʱ߾裬ûʲô׵˺Լ
һǹɱûٳֹ
֣ԪҲһֱ֣һõꡣ
õõҲʳԪ򵥳˵㶫˸ȥϢ
Ѿ¶ʮߣҹͿԳ齱ˣ˴γ齱ԼͻǰȡõǷͬȡһ¡
ϣǸշҪڴϴ
ҹʮһ࣬ڴϵĻԪʱˣٹһ͵˳齱ʱ䣬ԼҪ׼һ£ǧҪϵͳԶȡˡ
ۿϵͳʱѾʮһʮԪ汾һֱȣͻȻֱ˿̽ĸоٴδ
ļһĴƶɮذ
Ȼ֪˭ǻԪѾһԼ
ΪԼ˻ΪûжֵĻ뿪ˣڰеļԼҵԼס׼õˡ
ߣƶɮҪǺηʥڷͷ϶
ԪʱҲˣĵٴ£ȻԷԼ֣϶ҪѡԼʱ䣬Լװ˯᲻ᶯ֡
һۿ쵽ϵͳ齱ʱˣ˻ûж֣ԪҲеż
ĵغнӥͻȻоӥȻʮҰʳҪӡ
СӣҪ־;죬ٲ֣ƶɮҪ齱ˡ
Ԫ߶ţĬĬؿϵͳʱ䡣


312 Сɵ³
ۿʱҪҹʮˣǹɱȴɢȥ֪ա
ǻԪ沢ûзɾ裬ʱעΧߴٽӥ㷵أΪԼ
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ԪʵηڰеˣĵģԼĳ齱ңӶ±ϵͳԶȡˡ
ãʱߵʮ㣬Ǹڰ˻ûг֡
صȴϵͳʾ
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һǷͬСɣԪļó齱ϵͳȴôŪûзӦ
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żʱͻȻ洫һ⣬ľȼյŨ̴˽
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Ԫ÷ǳƣ߳齱ϵͳˣô־ʧأ
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ܴ󣬻Ԫֻվȥš
ţһСӵվ⣬̼ҪԻԪ˵ʲô
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Ԫ汾ȥͻȻԼ󣬴һ¡
ѵǸɱҵˣ
Ԫ汾ܵĻͷȥļĻ
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˲䱩𣬴ŲʩչԪֱǰȥϣܶ㿪ͻһ
ĴӶһ¡
ֻǶԷĵԼҴһ˿΢˺
ССȻ˺Լ壬ɼԷõĶǱУ˵񣬼򵥵һ̣ٶ20ȶﵽһߵĳ̶ȡ
ֻһƤȻǿҵԸںĴذжģҶԽǿңԼо壬ǿǰٶֵģȻԼֻѧϰ˵һ͵ڶľһĶǸκβԼģҪԼ˹ֿ
ⶾȻúԲľ޷Զɼһ㡣
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˵ٶȺܿ죬Ԫܸо˴һڣṦرãóɱļɡ
룬߶ЩˣԪֻٴʹһδŲƣԱһ¡
ĴŲƣöԷٴ˿ա
һ㶾ѸٵڻԪŰԪʱȴûʱȥ߶
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һأ뷢ɱͬʷǰްĺС
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̳שͷɶѣСӱˤĲᣬ˶һҵ棬ʹţŬ
Ԫûȥų̬ٳһԶŮǻߵСǰ
ʩ㻹ֿƶɮϰϰ
ûܳ齱ʧ˴󻹵ĻԪʱ򣬲ŸоһЩ۵ɱ֣ɱԼѵǺ۸


313 ϵͳ齱ָ
СӾֵؿͬްĺߵԼǰڵϣµ£Ŭš
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ﲻɵһԪ뵽һõ顣

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ĻһԪԵؿ˵Ľ𶯡
Ȼ׾˼ǻԪȴ˼ˡ
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˿˿Χվû˵Ϊ˵Ҳǲ˵
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ŻԪȥıӰСվʲôû˵


314 Ĳȡ
õ֮󣬻Ԫɿ뿪ֵԼҪһطΪڵϵͳѾʾ³齱ʱ䵽ˡ
ʱ򣬻ԪѾΪʲô֮ǰûг齱ΪʱĹϵ
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ľһ˻ԪȤ
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ۻҲֲĸãԪɴֱһ㣬ѡһ
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ڶ׶εĽʲô
Ԫ޵ڴԼ뷨ڶ׶εĽ϶ҪԶһ׶εĽģҲܹԼһľϲ


315 δñ
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ȡ˾ȡ֮õڶ书һ
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书϶һ߼ѧģԼ̫ˣǸԼĽڵһǸȡõġ
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·ԱߵʱͻȻ̽ӣԻԪʦϳɡ
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Ԫһ£ƶɮ֪ǴȺիƺŮӰɣΪһʦأ
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Ԫ濴˿ЦЦƶɮǾ仰Ѿָ˵·ȥ˵ɷûнݾǵι򣬲һǣɵ÷˱㣿
ãһһǣɵ÷˱㣡
Ԫ滰䣬ԱߵİȴкãԻԪУ˵òȻҰȲŷ棬ͬһ仰
ԪŰ΢Цʾ⣬˹ȻѪȣȴʧ顣
߻Ԫ˵Խ࣬շɫѿһ֣ǻǿԱ粵ţҿǣԻسɷ˵ֻҪȻ򣬾ͿԳɷˡ
ԪЩؿ˽շһۣسɷ˵ûдǲ˵ϾͿԳɷˣ˵֮ģ˳ɷн֮ľܳɷĻƶɮҲͲˡ
Ԫ˵ϵƵƵͷеصвǳ˵һԼȻඥ֮С
ΨάŹЩɫ԰ףԼѡȻ˵㣬ˣĻԼ
ЩصһԣЩˣά֮󣬱ҸὫλȣȻҸ徲˵ɽȥˣȡԺҲȥ硣
Ԫ濴һûԼͷأִţûϵԼġ
£ƶɮҪһ䣬ȥɽ֮޷ǰ磬˵ɷˡ
ΪΣ
ŷƣ䣬ᣬǡýǡ
Ԫ˵һ𾭣ֵ֮˵Ҫ˼䣬ҲҪ˼䣬ÿһˣ磬ӱϵ࣬޳ǲڵġ
Ŷԭˣʦ˵ΪҪɽء
ԪЦм磬ҲĪ˼䣬磬硢Ⱦģֻл˼ΪΪ֣ҷԸĿġ
һϯϯĻȻ𾴣Ԫ˵󼸾䣬ѾվĶԻԪʩ񣬿κζԷԼŮѡʩȴôΪѡ
շԱʶԼûпڷ𷨽ǰˣ˲˽˷еˣԼƤë˵һУҲ˽̵Լİˡ
ҿ˿ļӶµµ֮ܰõԼշʱȥ˼ֻһʱҲʵĽڡ
˶ݵ䳡ԪĿ⾼ؿųˣһ̣ƺҲ˳˼ȻԼĻҲд
ȸδΰľǰ𷨣ԼҲǹһˡ
һֿһ䣺ǲɽ֮У쳾ǻҵ𣿡
ĵˣֻԼǧ쳾
Ԫﰵкãϣ˾Ѿ̸ˡ
һУһ˲ҲǲɣмʹҲֻһ棬֤޺λС˷𷨣Ҳѧ𷨡
̸⣬ѾĽշͻȻҵ˻ԪԱ߿ڵ˵òǷϻֻС˷𷨣С˷𷨵ľ鶼ȫѧѧĸ
Ļһ˵Աߵ˷׷׵ͷ˵Ȼãǻصˣûз𾭣ѧϰ𷨣
˵ؼˣԪҲ鼤һȦڵ֮󣬲ֻòз𾭡
շЦһûз𾭣ѵʢƾз˲ɣ

ԪǰһԾĶ˼֣ʢƲз𾭣һǴ˷𷨡
˷𷨣
鼤ýеľ飬ҲǼС˽̷֪Կɵ棿
ڹִԼԪЩΣҲƽϲˣŲߵ߱ߵƶɮд˷أܳ죬ܶѿ࣬ܽԩ֮ᣬ֮֡
Ԫȷд˷𷨣ǰ಻סԻԪǲ֪Ǵ˷ںδ
Ԫͷ֣صصǴ˽̷ʢƺϣƶɮɽ´
ŸǼߵĽշʦʢƣҲʢƣʢƾҲǺԶɡ
շԻԪ̬ԽԽãЩصȷʵԶɽˮߣұ֤㲻ԩ·£Ҫ߸ꡣ
꣡
ȵصǾжԶ
ûԶҲʮǧɡ
շ˵꣬ԪЦշȻ˵ϣŪһʮǧ
ҲãõûȥȡԼ澭ˡ
һ£ڲǵĹؼʱ̣


320 
շ˵ʢƺϾʮǧ¶ɫ
·ǲ߰
룬̽ŵǱǲһֻӣԶʢƣܷȡش˽̷澭
Ԫŷҷ֮ˣ澭𲻴͡
⻰͸Ϊѣһŷ˲ѣȥʢƣǧɽˮȥһʱ仹ûкʵѡ
һܲ;Ͷ֮࣬Щбģŷ֮˻治ࡣ
۹¹ۿĿ䵽˽շϡ
ⲻֳɵѡ
ɮˣ书ָߣõĹʦʢˣϤ·˭
ԼշȴͻȻֵ²شƶɮˣսҷϢһֱҷ̵λȹ̣ȡҪ÷̵ĸҪĪǱ»뿴ٴλҷ̸֮·𣿡
շΣ治Ҿǿշǰʢƣһʱûѡ
ʱ򣬰վ
Ҫ˵ˣΧĿⶼ䵽ϡ
˻Ԫǰ´˰죬ڵõάŵɷҲҰȵ÷Ļ˵úܺãܶطҲ÷ǳеҪŪһ㣬˵ʵһˡ
ӷ𣡲֪кδͽ̣
㵥˵˵ҲùЩ£˵д˷𷨣Ȳ˵㾿ûУֻһ䣬֤˵öʵڵģ
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̸֮УҲ͸¶һϢҪŪõҪעԼݡ
Ԫڰȵʾƺһ֪ӣֻǵҪε֤÷ڽ֤㿴ôƶɮΪ
㲻÷潵ҲҪóһЩ˵Ķ˼򵥵˵ίʵš
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һ˵˳Χ˶ƵƵͷ
ӿǵ鲻޵˾ͶԴ˶ۣôùںεأ֮£ǳΪӰˡ
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ֻҪó֤ݣôͻҪԼɷ
ȱΪԼһһװŪͻƿԣ֪ѶˣϾ̫߶߶˺ˣǽʱûһŷ
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֮ϣĸ̡ҹ顢ɫʯӳɢɫ⣬ɼұһ㣬˲ֱӡ
ģǷͣΪģ
Ԫڸİ˸֣ȻǱϳ˿ɶ֯ͣ٤壬߷УģֻأմţΪħ󣬷ȡ֮ˣɴڡ
ģҲЩоģæ˻Ԫǰ콫ڱ
Ԫ潫Ľһһⱦϣʱˬ֮С
ãñıоԲǷʺͱ񲢷˼һ㣡
ΧǣʱҲ̲ס˹ǰۿ̾
ϵͳ֮ȷʵ򵥣Щˡ
ԱҲǾòһ㣬ıǲ٣óĶȻãǲ֤˵÷ȵȶʵġ
Ԫ濴Ҫ˵ʲô˵֮ǰͼ˽⣬ƶɮоŻһҲǸȡ֮á
ȿ˿Ԫ棬ϳֻһССҲˣȿ϶ŵģܴһܲϡ
Цһǲ֪ʲôطǲҪȥȡأ
ˣƶɮЯˡ
ϣˣҵҪȵһ
Ԫ΢΢һЦĬĬٻϵͳ
ϵͳ֮ڣŻȺϽһֱûȡԪѡȡŻȡ
Ԫһ죬һâ׳ľŻȳС
һƬȻ
ʼԪȻ˵úãǱϾǶ˵˻ûʲôֱ̫۵ʶһ¿ɲ˵˵سˣôһȣֱӳֵ鼸÷ˡ
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Ԫ潫һգۡһ죬֮ȵĻ֮˲÷顣
ŻȣҲǷͣоŻǽľ֮ȣаţ֣ȡ֮ˣɴ裡
βŴ֮˹Ԫǰӹȡ
￴ֽֿڵһ˹ϸ鿴ȻҲûпʲôʵġ
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ڣлԪѾôˣƾձĶƺĲһܳΪԼ
ĳָ˵ҲϣԪΪõӦһе¸ɮ׵׹뷲ס
־ڶҡԪﰵˣûдһ˿ĵ⣬ɫ˵ȻǷ裬ǲţһЩԣܲ˵ƶɮĺȡ
ϵͳĶԪ滹ǺĵģĪ˵ͨıУҲ˺á
ˣˣȱĪ˲źá
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Ψɫ粻ڻԪͻȻôһ˼⡣
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֪УԪҪ˵ĶѾӽշ˰ȡ
շһЩϾǷˣԼԴӷ𷨷֣˵
ǰȲͬŷ棬÷˵ĻѶȼ
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˳ѾһЧ⻹ҪԪټһѻС
ǰԪ˰ȵǰ۲ףԪֱֱעŰȵ۾
ȶʱͷûܵƣ̵۾ŻԪ棬һԲϾ͵ֵ˼
ڵնʱͽǵĶһѺҲ̫ΪˣȻưȵ£ǸƢҶ֪ģˣȲС
ԪڴҵķӦ⣬ֱֱעӰȣһƬ£ƶɮأѾҪǰǵ֮гˣڼʱ֣ü
ߣ˵һ飬õó֤֤˵÷̵ʵҾ㣬òôһƭʲô
ȵĻû˵꣬ͻȻǰâ˸âԴеԺ
ȶɫĹâͬճͻȻǰ֣ƾεݣһҲǱεͷۻ
Ծ̧赲ﾪĪ
һ̣ڵ˶𺳵˵ˣ
һɫɮ۵ĻԪ·޷ԹģԺһֶɫȦ˶ǿġ
𺳣𺳣
ǵ֪˵֪
ǾˣάҲģ°Ͳ˵ϣֱ۷µһ룬ʹͣˡ
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ҪԪԴʲô쳣ûеһ鷢
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ΧǰΧؿ˵һ䣺ȣǧ򲻿ð˴ʦʦǷת
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Ȧĳ֣ǶԼӣƺ˵۾濴ǵķ֮⣬ǰȲܽܵġ
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ȵ£㲻ܽ͵飬ǹŪֻ˵ȣôҲΪ˽ˣ̫ƶɮʧˣ
Ҳţ
ͻȻһһѰγ彣ŻԪĪҪŪʲôϷƭңķ棿ļ֣ƭ˵İˣӴûп
ûпģͲڡ
Ҫ˵˵ˣҼԻڣһɱ㣡
ȱԪƵ޻˵ħȻ˱ڵϳԼѿˡ
Ԫ۲죬ȱûʲôʵûõһУƾĵͺ
ԼȻĽʱ򣬻иõĶԸȵİ취
ȻűǱάŹһ˫۾ﻹһ˿ΣԼܹԼߡ
ľ̾ͱȵľڸˡ
Ԫ濴ŰͻȻຣޱߣͷǰ
һ޴޺ӰصľͳĴ֮ڣ
޺һģüĿ󷨾ﻹץһ˳޺ţǵȻ豦ʱͻȻһ˻צľͶŰȷ˹ȥ
Ѫ˲ŵϴ󣬷ƺðȸܵѪȵζ
սɨǧϯİȵһĿֲˣ񻰴˵еޣȫһ˲ͱˣԾأ˹ֽһһƨɵ˫ˣϣܶҧ
һʧ̬Ǳ߻Ԫһ֣
Ԫ̾ͣǾ޴밢Ҳֻң˻ȥٴλص޺ߡ
鼤촽µص޺ʮ޺֮׵Ľ޺
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ĺ£ЩɱƵĴǣ͹׷׹ſо޴޺ߵݡ
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֮ڣһӵˣΨаǵǸշ𾪹󣬾Ȼĵ˴ſڡ
ʱ򣬻ԪҲûйշҪȣ볹״ݻٰȵߣھõʱ
ȵ£޺ڿ֤ƶɮ˵ʵˣ
촽ţһ΢
ܵİȣδİľ֮³㲻ܺ£Ҫ֡
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Űȵ񣬻ԪҲ΢΢ͷһΰľ־һܹġ
Լȥ볹ðţõеϰͶϰˡ
΢΢ſڣһֱڰȵԺը죡
ȣŷҷ𣬸ʱ
ȸո֯ĵֿԪһ׻ˣ¶޵ľ֣ҪӣĺС
һܡ
Ԫûȥ׷ֻĬĬľۼűܵİԺڷӿ˹ȥ
һըװֱӳ˰ȵԺͷۻ
ײײһζըȴֹԺӶǸвͣţسɷ𡢷سɷ𡢷

ܲסһ͵ڵأҡ
Ĵ̫ˣȫ߸˰ȵ֪
ǾڵأﶼʱԺڵͻȻΪͬĺģصԺ֮ڣص
ȱεػָĽ࣬ǲ֪عһ˿Ц⣬ﻹиղӵģ


322 ȡ
ȱʱħ䣬ʱڴݲĴԡ
ɵʱͳΪͬɽˮʯȪļصž͸о
󱯴ϲȵ˼뾹Ȼһֿ״̬ôĬĬһˡ
ԪֹͣһԸⰢȻǲ̫ס
Ľ޺ķҲԪͷȥڵˡ
շ֪ʲôʱѾ͵͵ˣھʣһȺĤݵǡ
ڵĻԪУĵλҲˡ
Ԫ濴£ȡһ¹ش󣬷ŷҷ߶ϲǰȥ
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£ƶɮȥⶫŴȺʱ֮ǰǵԸǰȥѰҡ
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Ԫ濴һùһţӷ𣡹£ƶɮͲӦʲôҲûдƶɮǲԵ֡
ʱҲ˹άŵάţʦˣ㻹İɡ
Ԫûмά˵ùԼԼվҪʢȥӲܴߣŮ⣬ӻ۽ն˿Ϊá
άſܻĸ׵ȥˣԪ濴ǷģȻ֪Ǿû¡
뿪󣬻ԪѸٵŷȥ
ļƻǴȥȺȣֻҪͬȡ֮Լֱ뿪ˡ
ߣͻȻԪ淢ԶķϣӰڷϼ۶
ԶԶؿһۣԪһ
ˣǾˣ
Ҳ֪ȥʲôһȥշĹʦˣշǲ͵Ƕˡ
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һҹȥˣ˵ڶʱ֣ԪڼԼһС
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ʱİȣȻҲ˹ͷŻԪĽģžŻȣȺǰ档
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ڰȵ󣬻άţõĹԱǣ׷׸˳͡
С֮󣬺ܿ;ǰʢƣ¾Уͷһ꣬ľͳˡ
ԪϵһĻԼڰѪȵľһ̡
ԶԶؿʯͷĻԪ棬һСܵ˹˻Ԫǰʦ
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ȼеصʦ찢ȵõĵ㻯һҹѾ˺ܶˣ֪ҵأ֪ʦڽ̵ңȻĽ̵֮ţȻҵʦ
ΪԪֻǶһ˼ӣ϶ԼΪͽģΪ˵ˣһߵʱͽˣԼ󣬿϶ȥǸʱΪʢƴʦԼΪͽ֮⡣
ϻԪȴص£ƶɮһԣͷƶɮȣȥȡǲƶɮҪΪͽȡͽܣȫ¡
ˣû뵽ԪĻܾæʦǰеģõĽ̻壬֪ԭһжģм磬з޺Ĵ˽̷Ҳһϵķѧ䡣Ըⳤ;ǰʢƣڴ֮ǰʦңҽ֮Ըǰʢƣ
ԪﰵֹȥԼܸɶû֪ء
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ǰڻ˽⣬Ϊһ仹ڿԼ͸ɴڵϣлԪ治ӦͲļơ
ǰİȣԪε̾ϢһǺο࣬ˣȻҷƶɮҲȫľǧ֮⣬ʱ£һ׼ҵӰɡ
׼ҵӣЩصʦҶѾͷˡ
ͷʲôֲֻквͷɽһģǹͷѵƶɮҪʦɣ
Ԫѵ˼䣬ȲҳˣԪѾˣûܱȻԪоηˡ
ôİˣùӵ£ȣʽΪʢƺʡɽµ׼ҵӣ̣ǰʢȡ澭
ԼĶӡ
ȻǰǴŴģھȻҪһǰʮǧ֮ʢˣ⸸ĸܷġ
Űȣȥѽ
İɸȡ˾֮󣬿϶̾ͻġ
ΡΡץһŵ˰ȵģǧǵãˣһ·֮ϣ϶Ҫ·ҵģһĪ𰡣
Ƚӹһѳһӵ˵ϣˣͲˡ
ǣһƥֵݵ˰
ǰȱȽϲģȥʢƣҪ
׼Ļƽ鱦ʯ·ʹãȾܾˡ
óԪϽãʦģһ·ϳԷͶָˣЩư֮Ҳա
ԪԱ΢΢ͷȻǺģͳ㣬ԼҲڶε·ϳ̫Ŀ࣬϶չġ
ԼչҲǲףϾһ·棬ھʵܱͺˡ
·ˣǻԪ沢ûж̷ʢƣһЩҪ


323 ҹ̽,צ
Űʧڴ·ľͷ
ԪǸˣҲ뿪˹
ڵȴϵͳĵڶΪϵͳʾȡͬǰʢȡ֮ϵͳάһ书
뿪Ժ󣬻ԪȥҰ⣬뿪ʵû뿪ҪҸû˵ĵطȥȡ书
һԪһƬϵͳ
ѾˣԪļһ书ÿε书ԼʵõһʵԵķԾ֪һλԼʲô
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ԪɮۿȻצסԷ˶ˣûзκε
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ǰԼҲûиַ緶ˣҲҪʲôȺիδ̳˵ˣ˻ģҧŲ԰׵촽ĺˣһи뿪Ҿͽͷˣɹͷȥãһʧ
ðɣ˵á
ԪڴӦһ䣬Ҳûȥ˵ƶɮĲӣ뿪ˮεȥһг·ġ
Ԫ֪ڵģеصڿǳȥˣȴűȹѺĪаĻأ޷򿪡
ǻһڣͨϵĴģԪͲţǸҲмǧĴţԼһԴһͨ·
˵˫ȣԪŸо弸û
ˮиϸԼϼҪоˣΨǳĺڷԼļϣ֤Ĵڡ
ǰһˮӿڷڻԪĴɨ
ͷЩ¶
Ԫ˵һ䣬شӦһ֪ˡ
˵꣬쵽ûٰԪ¶
ǰ˼ڻԪɣȥãҪã
ԪҲû˵ֻǿţڴӦһ䣺û˵𣿶һһӰɡ
ҪһӰ
ôˣʲô⣿
Ԫû˵ʲôһ䡣
˼æûʲôҴӦһжģһʧǡ
Ǿͺá
Ԫ¼ӿ죬ˮοڶȥ
˵ݽҧ˺촽֮Уۿ䣬ȴҿ޳ԼԲʧˣһӡһӰɡ


327 ඥ
Ԫ汳ˮε̨׺󣬾ͽ
Ȼˮ汻Ѻһ죬˵쾳Ҳǰ裬ͬͨŮӰ
ĵΣշһϺоͨĳڡ
ǲ֪ˮ淢£Ԫ򵥺ͽշ˵һ£ҲǱͷ󺹡
˵ԪӲǽ忪ˮբ¹رգշԻԪľߵһµĸ߶ȡ
֮Уһ䷽ɾͱֳһ棬Ӳرˮբ֤ʵշЩԥģҲᶨ
ɣţôʯһѹסˣǧأ޷Ҵ򲻿
Ԫ̧ͷ˿ϷžԼףƽʱշЩ˶йһԾͿȥ汻ѹסϲȥˡ
ԪһԾһţо쳣ء
ԼоأҲ֪ѹʲô
Ҳһ£ԪˣԼӦܽ򿪵ġ
ٴ׼һ£ԪͷԽշƶɮ˵飬㿼ǵôˣ
շʱԻԪʩɣƶɮãһӱܴȺի׷ɱϣѪħͼ书µ񣬱ԴʦͷſƶɮҲ֪²ΪȻҵ书ﵽڣƶɮοȥʲôѪħͼպ֣ɵǲǡ
Ԫ˵ͷ뿪ΣǾɴ¡
˵Ժ󣬻ԪһԾֱ׸߶ȣ˫һٶƷʹصĺڵϡ
һ죬ϿյĵֱӱԪһƺɣѹŵҲ𿪣
ϣ
Ԫ˵һ䣬շץŵԴʦӵһԾֱ˵Ρ
ԪҪȥȴ˲ߡ
ͷһۣԶԶһ¶СԴԼ
ô
˲ûй¶ɫص㡭ȥɡ
Ԫż첽ߵߣЩ߰ɣλҪգǸˮբ¸ʲô
˵һ룬ԪҲߵߣͻȻʶΪʲôһˡ
÷װʪģõķװǼɴΧƵģѾȫ͸¶
ϰ·ţ۵ֱ۱¶⣬ɴ棬һĨɫΧ˫ַǰڵȴҲڲסǻԲ¡
Ѫһ˫ȴ붼¶棬һջ
Ԫüͷһ壬ӵˣȷʵЩʺ߳ȥԼͽշԼԴʦǺУҲǲʵġ
룬ɴཫԼɮ˵ʱһ£Ǳ뿪
˵ģԼ·Լԭ·Ѿ֪ʲôطȥˡ
˽ӹɮۣϣĽڸ
ԪֹˣԼЩΣԼǷɣֲǱ¶ϹҲǸ¶ԺҪഩһ·ˡ
׷˳ȥ
շ˸˳غһϲȺիͬҲϲʢ׷ɱԼõˡ
ҲŤͷȥշȻƾԼѾ׷ѪħͼˣȻˣҲֻҷ´ˡ
Ĵ浽ǻǹأ˾ﱻշץסġ
ڽշĴ£Щض⣬Ԫ潫οٴηֹˮӵ֮͸շһ·뿪ԱߵһС
շûоκˣȻѾΪֵӣҲûʲôˣٺκεĽ
Զ磬ʽӵĸ̫߱ҲþʲôʽˣԪ˽շİʦ
ʦɣԪշȡ˸Ž۸գΪֵĶӡ
һĶӲͬ۸Ƿɵ״ӣ֮һĵҪһЩ
ϰߣɵ״Ӽʹպ󲻳Ϊסֻ߷ɣҲڵĳϣЩϻᵣĳԺ
ԷɵĵӣעԺҲͨɮڣ۸ڻصֵĻݾҪ߹ǡ
ӻ۸գݼʦ
۸ٴθԪͷԪ溬Цؽˡ
ԼҲеˣһڵĸ֣Լඥ֮󣬻۸վܴﵽڵľ磬ֻϧʱܴ£ȻĻʵҲһ޴
񽭺ħʲôħ̣ʲôɣʲô׷֮УԽԽҪ߶սӦ
ֻһһƣǲģԼص֮ҲҪץɫˡ
ã۸գȻѾΪͽΪʦȻҲҪֳŵھ͸ඥΪڸ֡
۸֮ɫû˵пֱӽ˵Ĺڵġ
ȥĹඥǿʦӣƽƺûʲôӰƵġ
Щĵһ䣺ʦӹඥ˼ҵĹӰ𺦵ĻôɲҪඥһԼġ
Ԫ溬Ц˰֣޷ȻඥΪʦһЩģǲ˼ҲӰΪʦʵ㾡ܷľǡ
˵Ժ󣬻Ԫĵؿ˵ϵͳ
ϵͳһ򿪣ϵͳʾ𣺡ѾյһӣǷʹùඥ
ʹá
Ԫѡʹ֮һɾ޴ӿԼġ
˵İ磬ԪܸоԶԼ֮ܺϣڵҪԼҪƾϵͳֱע۸յڣ䳹ͻڵһٴﵽ쾳硣
۸ոоɰˣԱߵصԴʦҲظоǹ
Դʦͨˣǹѹȵ޷ȣڣܸоһǿڻۡ
۸գ
Ԫһ£۸չǰ˼˻ԪǰͷȴʦԼඥһ̵ص
̧֣Ԫؽַŵ˻۸ͷѨ֮ϡ
ʩŵһ˲䣬۸ոоںһ֮оʦͬһ㣬ӿȣ޿ɵֱӿԼԺ
·ӯĹĶţշ裬۸սر۾ʵĸоǹ˼ɵ߻ŮӣĴм
ڵĿڴԭʪ·һ̶챻ˣû뵽ɵʵߵ˵ĳ̶ȣ
Լʦڶľ֣¶һ㣬˴ඥ˵磬ƺûκӰһ
˿Ԫ۸չඥͬʱ΢Цţκγӡ
ʵߵʲô̶ȣ


328 
ඥһֱ˽СʱԪǽӯ֮еӴȫ͵˻۸յڡ
ඥɣԪܹо۸նԼĳ̶Ѿߵһ޿ɱĸ߶ȡ
ϵͳĺôϵͳԼ͵ԼԼע˵ӵڣȻȻؾͻԼģϵͳ֮һЩͬصǲó͵ġ
Ҫֻͣ˵ԼͬԼĺһ㣬ȻﲻϵͳֱӳȡһĶǰҳϣҲʦϵǿ̫ˡ
ԼĵӱԼȻ˵޿ܣѶȾԲһӱѸĸ򵥡
˻Ԫ۸ջ۾
ϲظӯЩԼԼľһѾȫ򿪣ܸܵԼѾﵽһûдﵽĸ߶ȣ
ʦĴﵽˣ
ӷȻֻϧ֮ǰûдﵽڶ壬ȻھѾڶˡ
۸֮ǰڲǸոսڣǾڶҲ൱룬ԪĹඥֱһ磬ھڶҲ൱롣
ĹඥǸһڶ˹ඥô˾ͻֱӳΪڶľ֡
ֻ˲ңʹҵˣҲδؾʺϳΪֵӻԪҲֻһԵˡ
۸չඥԪڵϵͳʾٴ
յһӣϵͳһǿߵĻǷʹã
ݲʹá
Ԫƻǿ̨ʱȲʹãȻص֮á
Ի۸յѾﵽڣΪʦһ񡣡
ʦԸ
Ѿû壬ھͿ뿪˵ˣΪʦҪȥ׷氢ȣǰʢƣȡһ֮ƽ
۸յͷӦӽʦ֮
㵽֮ʽΪƶɮĵˣҲĸλͬΪʦҪʢƸɶϣкܾܿڵĴȺի;ڣٶ죬Ҳܸϡ
۸Щصһȵ¾쵽֡
Ԫ˵Żһۡ
˵⻰Ҳ˵ģԼҪִµһЩɿ϶ǲԼ˳ĿĵģȺիɣҲΪʯ˵ʱȥδӣҲһ֮¡
˻ԪĻ˹Ȼ¶ãɫҲ̧ͷȥԪ档
Ŀԣ˸Եʹ࣬۾һ˿֮⡣
Ԫ˼Ⱥիһߵ档
Ԫһ£˵һ䣺ҪŬˣȡճΪȺիˣʱҲܶ鶼ðˡ
˵ͷҲ֪ʲô
Ԫûм˵ǶԻ۸յЩʱգõķ𷨷ٲ޶Ĵٽ
Ӳ
Ԫ濴˵ԴʦһۣʦԸⵣùʦ
Դʦһ£ֻ޲£𷨡
²ͻùʦҲסڲ£ҹʦݣɻӱ
Զʦ룺ʦʦνֻҪܺ𷨣նȲֻһƺˣֻǹʦҲ˭Եεġ
¼򵥡
ԪֶԻ۸յڴŵԴʦǰȥ˵˵ѾΪƶɮĵӣȵ¶ȥҪȥùʦ֮λƼõԴʦΪùʦֵ֧Դʦ޲¡
ףһԳɹ
Ī˵»ǻԪһִٳɵģûлԪĹϵ۸Ҳſ԰ɴ£Լȥȵģ϶Ǹ˻ڵѾΪϣ޲϶ᷴԡ
ڹʦһְԴԱԼʣͨ𷨵صԴɱԼ·ҵǿ̫ˡ
Ȼˣͺ͵Դʦȥɣźôֱ֮Ӷȥ׷ϰȼɣƻû߶Զ
۸յͷӦҪŵԴ뿪
ԪֵȻΪʦѾ㹦ôѪħͼҲشˡ
ŶˣӲˡ
۸˵ţմѪħͼ˻ԪУ֮͸ȥˡ
ԪӹѪħͼֱӿ˿ѪħͼмһõԺԼѾŵѪħͼ
ʣѪƲͼֱݷ硢ơˡһţһţԪھڡ
ݷ硢˺¶ɽħ̳ԲԼеģǵѪħͼʱҲ롣
Ʋ֪գҲҲΨһǾڵŻϣ֣ҲҪúıС
һԾڶ֣ܿͬʱҲȺիĹС¡
ѪħͼԪ淢ҲڶԼѪħͼ
ԪżõĿģ׼Ѫħͼģ񿴵ѪħͼԼûҪȥ˼
Ԫ˵˹ֻҶˣܷƶɮǷҪѪħͼ
ҪҾã㲢ҡ
˵һ䣬ֵ㲻صҵģһжģ㲻ңҲҪġ
Ԫص˵ͷѪħͼ
ʱͻȻһˮ
õˮܶ࣬ˮǱرĶͻȻõԪһ㶣֪ʲô
ֻһסԼĳһˮԻԪɣķԸھȥԼͷصȺի֮󣬾ʦΪȣʽΪᡣ
ţ
Ԫ濪ֹȻһʱ㼴ʹ䷢ΪᣬҲ̽ʦλãҲûƶɮ˼
ɵ˼ǣ
Ԫվ˵ߣˮӵһߣǻȥ·ϣƶɮ˵
㡭ϴһʢȥˣ
Ȼ˵ˣõˣȻõ˷صʱ򡣡
̫ˣ
ͬһСӰôʱһ¶ĵЦݣ̲סץסԪ֣ھ߰ɣǻҪ׼ܶණҪ·һЩˮҪ׼ܶ˫ЬӣЩ·ǺߵģֻƥУȻʡºܶ࣬ǿ϶Ҫ½صģźĻͻزȥˡ
˳һЩ˼صֻһҪһˣɲҪҷ
һ˸߲ҵӣһ㶼Ҫ߼·ԪҲ̲סЦûǿڻȥʱ·𣿲Ҳزʢȥ
˿ҲĵصԼزȥǻ·Ҳûʲôôһҵȥ·ģҸˡ
ôƶɮ
˵˵ͷСɫᶨˮңҾ㣬Զ㡣


329 ķ
û뵽Լһַʽʢơ
ֻ޴ӥƲ֮ϣԼǱбڻͬһôƶ˰衣
յķ羰һǿ磬ʼʱ˶ɬر۾ȥԪ档
Ȼˮ棬ԼһٵӵסԼΪҪˣʱͬ
ֱ˷ֻǵıԼκι־ٶ֮˲ŽػָʼͻԪ˵Ц
Ҳ˼ԭϣԼƹܴȺիԺֽܺɽܵͬˣԶ֧
Ըֻ֧ǲ̫Ը⵱ãȴҲ˼
ԪԼ뷨ԼҪΪû֧Լǲеģܹ֧ԼɣҲֻˡ
ҪøӰɣܹ֧ԼȺիһѡ
ܳΪȺիˣôպض֧ԼΪ
õԽɵ֧֣ԼͻԽСȺի棬ԼҵʵѡԪҲֱ֧Ƚ׽Լ˵֮λġ
ԪѾת˺ܶͷҲѾ˲ٵļƻֻⶼҪʱȥһһʵ֡
ڵӹܴȺիԪһ·϶Ҫڷܵ书ҲҪڵľ磬Ǹʱ򣬾ĵصȴһлΪȺի֮ġ
ŵʱ˵죬˾Ϳؿ˯ɹĵ졣
֮ڻصʢƵĹԪȽ͵ɽ
ɽǴȺի;ڵڵأ͵ɽ֮󣬻Ԫûȥ鿴Ⱥիڻʱ
ںеĻ죬էһ뿪ЩϰߣЩĸԪ棬صȺիȥˡ
ԪǶϰ˺֮ܶ࣬ýӥɽȥ
жٰ׽
˾ʥѾʮˡ
ٰǶӣʮʱ͸ڶߣһգҲǶ
Լλ常ٰһֱһ˿η塣
ΪҪΪƢ
ƽʱĻᲢ࣬һҲ뿪ȣ뿪ӣʹɭɭĴ겻⡣
ûٰ׵ĸоɭɭģڵƻ谵Ǽյ͵Լ˶ʮˣÿοԼһʱϨĸоܲ
ٰ׼ҪһŪȴٽŸһ£ȥһЩܾˡ
ƺϲɭɭӡ
ķڶٰһֱǸգȶû˼ķʲôӵġ
ķڴ棬ǴûԽȱջԶȹ硣
ٰСʱ߹ȥһΣ뿴常ķӣոտͰһһεĴöٰڴ˰꣬ӴԺ󣬶ٰҲҿ
⻹ǶԼϣЩʵ̲ס濿ˣɱˣЩԵ˾ˡ
ҪǶԼٰ˵ʲôҲģֻ񶫷ٻò
֮󣬹һٰһ˲䶼ЩֻǼյ͵ͬһҡš
зһ۾ŬٰӦ˴ڵĹߡ
Լ常ڴڵϣֻһڰŪ
һ廨ӣûãʲô
һɫſ°ڣЩӽȹӵʽڵĳûīһشɫγԱȡ
ٰӢƷòҲֺ˭ȣԼ常ȣԼû常ÿ
ûӦúÿݣ常٣ò쳣ᣬȥͬ˫ʮ껪Ҳ˫ʮ껪꣬Ů
֮ҲһЩԷ˵常ʲôаĲвŮ˸ڶٰǰô˵ٰ׾ŭɱ˵˻ˡ
ǱٰʵҲͬ۵㡣
ӳôεģʤѩüĿ续ĶŮӣǵԼʮʱ常żɢģԼıӰ󣬾Ȼ嶯ȥ常һӵ
常תԼ֪´æ常
ǶһûԼƺܿĵӣ̵Լħ漫ѵһʽ
Ժ󣬶ٰѾĵ϶常ŮˣҲӽŮˡ
ɾһӲľͰռıʮܹҡҲöٰޱȵ塣
常ֶμݣڸɱ˴ûа֮ģԼû常˭˭ҵǰ˭£ûаֿĳ֡
ҶĹҲߣƺųƣʮɾ׽ʯķ飬Եֵ
Ȼܾһֱ£ľУֻײʩչǾŵǼʮ룬ԲΪ廨ġ
ٰЩؿűĶؿͷףˡ
常ôʲôɡ
ϸһŮӵȴûŮӵ࣬Щġ
ٰ׹ؾصϣĿбӣͬѵĳӡ
ٰס
ڣ
ٰĻش
֪ΪΪʲô𣿡
״ˣ³ۣһʱû
ѾǰˣۿҪˣ죬ʮһȵѡʱ򣬿ܻµˡ
ٰһæվԶףﶦʢ书֮λû˿Ⱦָ˭˼͸ˣ븸״ʾȥɱ
˺ˣǸ֮лҳŪôнʲô
ٰױʾһģصλϡ
ٰףǸ֮˵ΪʵЩˣЩ꣬ҲûûζģԸײˡ
ĻٰһĪǶ뽫λôԼˣǰǲֹһα¶뷨ġ
Ƕٰ˽ⶫΪˣԲ¶һ˿֮ģףʢ֮¾˾ֻ¾ûеڶԷڵˡ
Сӣ쵽𡣡
Цһ£Ծ̧һֻѩ׵Сڿڣٰ׿ˣȴҲװû
ΪĽĴλ㣬ֵë꣬ȱԳеΣΪһ飬ͨأôΪȡѡϣøɶ̬֧㣬λã㲻ͨôٵʮ˵ɡ
˵꣬΢΢Ĳ£ס˰ףֻ¶һֻ۾ضŶٰס


330 ֵĸ֮
˵飬̵ٰȻΪ״˲Ψһ״˸飬ҲĽɡ
΢΢ͷվı
İɫϵ˵ϣǾȻûһࡣ
⻬羵ɫĵȻӳĵӰ
ҡţЩֵļƣ߱ߵٰףҲ֪ΪʹΪҲô׵ģҪΪɻҪΪɣһҪɵƼΪѡˡ
ٰ׵ͷĽ̻壬ڶκλӵġ
ֻгΪѡˣǰ춼壬һҪͨܶĿ飬ֻбˣһ˶˵ͬܳΪÿһĹض̡ܿ
ǵģ֪Щ顣
ڵľʶǲܵģΪһͨΪĴ˴ο飬ôһὫĹڣҴħһʽȡɹѡ
ܽĹڣ
ٰ״ϲڶѾܾͣˣζԼܳΪڣΪĽء
Ϊô꣬һЩĵرеģĵҩ䷽ҲûУֻҪɰͻƿڵġ
л״˳ȫ
ٰ׼˶ǰ򵹾Ҫͷ
ȥסٰףٰץ常ֻ֣޹ǣַ
̧ͷһԼ΢ЦţòԼȻȻĶĸо
̼ĵͷΣԼ常ȻŮǱϾǴˣԼôͷ
ٰ׵Σ΢Цˣ㲻ҪƵˣȥ
ٰ׻صλϣΪԼղһ˲Ķо߲ѡ
ҲҪ˵̫ˣΪ˵ڴ֮ǰһ飬ͨˣôȻ£ͨһҲͲҪָˡ
븸״˷Ը
飬˵ҲῪģ㻹ǵɽһ°ɡ
ٰɫһ䣬ЩҧгݵصһͺҺ죡
Ϊθ񣬾ҪȥԸ£аգ
ٰһ£һˣԼ֮ǣһ书ܸߣȵһڶĶ֣ԼʱҲ޿κΣֻܺ˻
֮󣬶Ϊа̣˵ö֮Ҹһͨ뺣ھ³֮ǰһ䲻ͻǰĻҪ³ˡ
ڻûʮ壬ΪʲôָԼԼȥԸأ
ٰ׵ɻ󣬶ЦһɵӣѵͲ֪թص𣿡
ٰ׻Ȼ򣺡״˵˼ǣ߾³ֻһ֮ƣû֮ǰǾ֣ǲ
Ҳȫǡ
˶ٰ׵ߣ֣ͬװĸٰ׵Դա
ֻǱС֣ôҲٰܴ׸װĸоһĺëȴҲһҶΨֶġ
Ϊ˼ϣʱظ鷳Ѿкܶ϶Ϊа̣һЩʿ֯׼ȥֲַ֣ǽɣͬʱҲһţҪӸֵԴҪһٽǻֻҪ㾡ָΪĲܺǻۣͿˡ
˵ŻСֲԾظ˶ٰ׵°ϣżӲĺ硣
˵ĺӣȵȱ־ڶǿģֳģֻζ
ٰ׾常ĸͷףˣҪø׺ĽʿǸִ߸ɴŪһЩ״ǲ֡
ԣ伫ǸԽԽãҪסһ㣬ЩʱһҪĻ󡣡
븸׷ģЩð죬ھѾ˺üһȥϸоһ£ȷһЩİ취
ţȥЩֵ˽ӴӴҲ벻ջ񡣡
ٰ׵ͷЩߺ޵صһ䣬ӣ㣬һյϢȵʱ죬Ҫٲ
ָỬ˶ٰ׵Ķ棬ԼľٶƺһҲҪ̫⣬һΪһǿǸ㣬ΪڵһЩѾ߱˴ʸڿˣΪһĻھ³֮ǰıֺҪɹˣΪĺܸõؿչ
ʲôȻˣ
ٰ׾ˣ֪ҪԵġ
ҲҪѡģѡʸģڵһЩҪÿд·Ҫֵʱʸһоˡ
Щˣһ֮дԼ常ΪЩʱ򶼲òЩЭ
û뵽ȻˣһԺô־Ҳ˲ѡʸǶٰ׾ԲԸ顣
û˵Ļûʸѡģ书죬ҲУǸӲʿԿɹ֮Ѿֹʶ
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ַչٶѸͣȷʵѾ߱˴ʸһ֮ôһԻΪһߡ
˵ʱ䣬һᶼ׵ʱֻҪԼʱڣָܽ޷ˣôѡûһķݶˣһĻҪٵʮˡ
Ϊ˵ЩϼһﶼһЩʵȻΪа̣Ǵҵ۾ѩģֻЩˣ޹ؽҪŻᱻɱΣڵЩϼһǲǺˡ
ڶȷʵҲкܶ˲κζ򣬽ύ˶ţֶκݶȷʵѰ⵹ЩԶûʲô취öĵ
ٰ׶˵Щ˼ƻ½ϸȡλ
ʱȽȽ£ڶһҲ˳ֵʶǿƣ½ǺǶΣԼλϵơ
ʱ򣬶ٰײʶԼͷĵӲᡣ
Ȼûаװ׵ڱ
ٰ׿ɲұ¶κεĲԽʱ򣬾Ҫֵ常ĿģƢãɲҪˡ
վͷԶ常һƬģ֪ΪΨиͿأǡ
ͻȻ֣һɵָ˶ٰ׵촽ϣɵӣһ˵ЩĻ
ٰױ֮Ҫ߳ͷʱͻȻ뵽Լϴӵ常ǿĵӣͨԵķʽٴ常˸ˡ
ҲԼҲʮ꽫ʮˣٰһѱסǰĶͷļϣص׶Ժ̫ˡ
ȻϲȵһףŶٰ׵ĺ󱳣һ顣
ٰױԼ常ȴظоؿڣȻģ


331 Ҫɷ
ɽص֣Ѿǻƻʱ֣ӥƶ˸£Ԫһսĸо
ѡĵصǲؾ󸽽Ϊﻷģ٣Ӧòᱻ˷֡
ˣëˣصԼĵ̻ˣƫƫ֪
ոҪ仹û棬ͻȻԺ洫ˡ
Ԫ滹ûأͻȻ˵һЩӽӥıϵ
ԭѾֻˣҶϰѸģִķʽԼ˵۸Լܺ
ղͬˣԪѾĵĲ㣬֮ڿֱ˵κ˵ԺھؾԶ϶ҲԼĹΧڡ
ĵһ£Ԫһ˿ʨӺѰԴķͻȻһ
ûκεֻģʨӺеֱӳһ
Ҳ֪ԼԲǷЧǲô˵
һͬţ뺣ԪҲ֪ЧԼǺˣϷˣԼҲԼһˡ
ӥأǱ߰ûж
ֱԪŲؾȥٴδɹûʲôаֶεѧ˲٣ϲɺء
Ԫûн쾳磬Բ˵Ԫ湦û
ԪĵĲؽһƣֻдﵽ˵㣬Ҳǰ뾶ǧ֮󣬲ʵãǸʱѾ˴ܵԣɽҲ˭˭Ҳġ
ǸʱԼڷԺҲԺɶԻˣҲе֪
ٴζԼ˵Ԫ汾ٺһִֶͬΣڶûЧġ
ĻԪﰵЦһЧˡ
ССĳһԪģϾǿԲʲô˶ССĳԿһµġ
˲ؾſڣ˽ȥ
ؾڣһҡϣյ»š
ԪָָԱߣԪҲ
ϼʱģ
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شһ䣬ֶԻԪزؾһƲû顣
Ԫ治֪֪֪ɽŴ֪ɮԶ͵£֪֪ҲҪˣ²Ҳա
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˻Ԫһۣ˵շʦ˵ʦеڤͽɼɽǳһϣȥһˣعʦš
عʦţ
ԪʱͳԼԿշɮӡ󲻴ôһ˵ӡ̾½һٰʮȡ
Ȼշ˵飬ԼʦȷʵĵӣԼȷʵֵĴС
ڣԪһԽʿʱڤѾˣԼûڤһ棬ûкڤ˵һ仰ʲôʦͽꡣ
Լ£ƾ跽ϵͳƾԼŬһִģʵϺڤһëǮĹϵҲûС
շԼع֣عʦţܾܿԼ³Ϊֵĸӹ
᲻ȥ˿԰ȥ˼ʹȥҲԼ˭˭£Ȼһʲôַµʽڡ
һ˲䣬Ԫ˺ֻܶĿܣûһعʦŶԼкôĿܡ
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ģȲ˵ͿշɮĽ飬ҪڻعʦţһΪ쾭ģԼȷʵʦ֣ʵ
ԪڿưͳԻп಻˵ˡ
ܲܽԼǸԽߵʵ˵˵ֻҲЦͲŵġ
ԼͬĻڴȾˣԪΪѡ
ϵͳ֮һҪ³ΪµһɣָǺɽ£֣عֵĻϵͳ޷ɣܽܡ
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Ԫ˵ͷûжۣǴ˸ȲϿ֪Ϊа̵飿
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˵ԺԼɨѣ߳ؾȥɨˡ
ֻǸԼһ֪ͨԪҲЩˡ
ﻹǸԼ͸¶һϢǾ۶ʲô󶼻ᱣָ֤ҡ
ҲһŶ裬飬϶ǲܵģҪԪԼ취
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лɣ
Զ۾ҪԼ澭ˣһֻҪԼѧɣͿǰɽأǱˮ֮ȥѰұڤˡ
ŹرգԶûļǵ̸ԪȥԺȵ¥֮ײӣ໺ûе˼
Ԫ氵ͷԶòԼľ澭ڵҲġ
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˷Ժ֮󣬻ԪþԶȴԼǽõĵѪħͼĶϵش󣬲ʧȻȡ˵һ͵ڶľ澭Ԫ˳
Զļؽӹ飬˷֮Ա
ɣ⴫֮ţͬʦԶ治֪α𡣡
Ԫ˰֣ԾԶֵӣƶɮǷɣȻõӵĹһ¥ҷ±ǡ
Զպã룬ԻԪɣΪа̺ڽѾˣ¶Ӱ첻С
Ԫոջ˽飬Զ˵Ҳú˽һԾԶЩʲôӰ죿ͶʦֵܣԴ˶ʲô˵


332 ڲì
ԪĻԶЦһɣԶȻǶʦܣűȽǰͶҲûʲô̫Ӵҵʦǽһһؼûо崫书Ȼʦֵ֮Ǳ˴֮䲢ʦֵܵꡣ
ھԶʦԪҲǷǳ棬ǰĵһŮȽҹϲˣĸӣŮӣѧϰ˷ɵӾǶѧϰ˿䡣
Īаѧϰ˸꽣СԶʱõ˱ڤ񹦵ؼ
ĸ֮УԶ书ģĪаԼʶˣ꽣ݷǵȰħǰҲ˿·磬ʵǽΪĸ֡
һ˵书ԲĪа֮£Ԫŵġ
Ϊ书ܹڡ
µڵħ̣ԪͺͷˣܳһаԼˣպеķˡ
ԶЩѾвɢĽʿ鷳ˣڿ˵ʲôа˵ö֮˲ʤ䷳
Ԫ̾Ϣһ֮Уǽɣ԰׵ʿΨհΪа̣Ϳ϶鷳ǲɱģЩˣҲǽ֮ʿػػȷʵ鷳ĺܡ
ǣаʿǰֵӵȻԻֶη棬вٶǽĺúֻǾȰ⣬ʵȰЧģʩչֶνȥ
Զͣһ£ֵоɽҰ֮УȥؤѾЩӦˣм޹Գ棬Žȥ
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Զֵʼʱ˶һЩ΢֮쾳ѣ𽥵ģѾкԲ˳֣ǰ컹һ쾳£ȥȥҰ򣬰ҹǱǵľ޹һɱˣ֮һֱ뻢ڵġ
Ԫ̾ϢһȷʵΪѡ
Զ룬˵һϢɣݴţ˵ĴΪѾŻҪڽʱǰ֣ɽ˵
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Զ˵꣬עŻԪɫܵķᱩס
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ĴӦþСʦˣԼȹСôǵʦȻҰһڳԣĻһ˵ȲܽοĴȶԼ϶вӰġ
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ҲģѾڵĸֻ֣ʵȽϲ
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滹ȸ֣
ɣ֪а׵ֶͬЭĻʵʥ֮ϣЩ׵֣ĲͣһźǰΪڵλúԼɵ棬໥°ӣȣѾΪϰߣŽᣬȵ컹ѡ
˵ԶֵɣѾ˴ӣƻӵ˵֪ͨ
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ڵȻܣİնҪ󣬽СȥȣȻٸ᳷а̵ͨ
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˵
պ֮λôֿ϶Ҫ˵ģΪֻеõϿɵİ׵ɣ֮λʸ񡣡
Ԫ̾ϢһºѣжǸʯ̸ס
˰֣Ժ˵ɣڶҪˣǸˡ
ԶͷǣȻûʲô飬Զɸ٣Ҫٴǰɽ澭·ѧϰƵɽҲѧˣʱͿɽȡرڤˡ
Ԫ룬Ӧ˾Զ
ֻ澭ҪԶг¼һݣԭ澭Ǳ¡
ԶӦ뿪ˣ¼ܿ죬һɡ
ߵʱ򣬾ԶѻԪҪע⣬ʱ鷳˶࣬ѾӰ쵽ֵԪ취
Զߺ󣬻Ԫ˼һȷʵݣѾΪ˺ܶ཭а֮ء
ΪţÿʢͲϣȻͬһĽɰɱ벻ɱˣֻǻܡ
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һ󲻵Ҫ죬Ԫɴֵ֪ͨԼһоһ¡
һֵЩ¶˶׷˻ԪķԺԪ֮һһ
ǲ֪ԪʱȥʲôطԪҲû˵Լǰõ£ԼҲ߹ˣҲǺܵġ
Ԫ濴˿ЩУоǳοһֱϻֱѾʮˣ֮װ
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ֵʽǺõģֻҪû棬ǰܹ
˴ҵĻ㱨Ԫֽµ̸̸
ֵҪ⣬ֱˣЩܵƻƵƵðˣΪӦӦԣ
⣬ڻԪ뿪Ѿо˺ܳʱ䣬ʵѾһֻǻкܶҪ̵ĵط
һƴվԻԪɣѾоˣЧЩˣҪĻЩɧеǿߣΨˣЩףû㹻ʵûʸˮ
һԱߵǷţûǲҪɱɱ˰ɡ
һƿһһۣظĺУû̫øУڵһʦܴԲӣǲһЩˣҽϢݳȥա
ӷһʦ֣ǿԶ䶯֮飬֮÷𷨸лǣ俴ƺ쳾ҷǱ֮ɱɱĸˬ죿
һʦܣ˻˵ףֻĳһˣ񼸺ÿ춼鷳ѵһһȥлԲʵҲûǸҪ
ʱһԱߵĻҲһԱߵĻޱ
ַΪɮɮɮһΪףɮһΪףɮ˼𷨣лˡ
ɮԻһЩзĻܣﵽĿġ
˫ִһʣڷԺ
Ԫ˫Ŀ΢գû˵Ѿʶֵڲìܣýȡս


333 ֮
Ϊһµĵһɽʱվɣλʦ壬λͬţΪַ𷨾տϣЩʿȻ׼񣬵ҷΪûӲɽ̻֮ˣֻҪĿȰ⣬֪ʶˣԿˣЩ˶ȻҲᱻǸжӶܿȥӰǰˣһãϲߡ
˵꣬һպͻ˶Ƿ׷׵ͷҲǵ˼
˵꣬۽ҲվʦֵĻȻʦΪףɮϰ䣬ΪҲǽɣ֮£ֵĽ˺ܶ࣬һһȥ㻯ѾʵˣƶɮΪһʦĻԣ㹻ˣӭͷʹԴﵽЧ
ҲվԻ۽ʦϢŭҷҽƽͣڴ˷棬ɾǵİ
һ»ԪƨϣнԪɮԪûͨʱԼȲ̬
ͼûʵ֣΢ЩεصƶɮΪǷ𷨸лΪϣҿһ룬нĵزмǱɴֵܲģ
˵꣬۾ɨһȦ˶Щͷ仰˵˵ϡ
ƶɮֵʱҲˣҺͻʦ֮ǰֻзɺһաһλʦ壬ƶɮͻʦ֣ڼɣָǽ飬ǸʱǾͿֵǱҺʦ֣ɲǱֵܲġ
˵Ժ󣬻ЩֿһȦȻޣʦ֣ģ
޵Ǳȣмġ
ţǻ۽ʦأ
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һʮںţʣһҵҲ࣬ҷɴǼãǸԸ֡
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һ˵ͷʵȷʵˡ
Щһʦ壬һʦȣвؾϣûһǷɿһ˫ִģĸԸ֣ҲܵŽڷɵΧѵЩ巽𣿷ɵΪǵĿͿģ𣿡
Ⱥ֮п̸ԻԪȥĹ¼Ϊڳĺһʱ޷
޵ı۲ǿڻ治˵һһΪҲúͻۣǻ۽ʦ˵ҲûҪһ㣬ģδɮܺͷ湵ͨˣ¼һ޶ķɣô࣬ǲܡ
۽˵꣬ͶĿ⣬ƨҲɮר鹢ֱɮżãЧãûɸղǲس鶯һǿˡ
ⳡۣľ߻Ƿɣ˵ֻǲο
Ȼڱ֮ռϷ磬ôѡͿһϾɻǺܽģһС
۽ƨյЧæΪ㣬ǲҪѧϰѵΪ֪㣬Ͳȥ𣿡
ʱҲǲаɣǾ仰һ˿ԣѵǶҪȥһһлɮûɮҲֵء
һԱ߶𳤱ļӣʦֶԲӣѵֻҪֵô𣿶Ϊִ֣Ī¡
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һռæʦ֣ǴβģʱΣɱָͽһǲѶΪ֮ҲΪ˱ȫŻҵ治ġ
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Ԫʱվһϵİɫɮۣ޲¸Լģһֱš
ɧţҲȷʵЩѵʱǾûͼ÷ȥл𣿡
һЩεصҵȷΪȻҲٵĳԣЧ΢
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Ԫǰһֻ豭һĲˮ
˱Ȼһ£ˣֻͬ豭ǵѾ˶а̵ޣͺ豭ѾˮˮԼ뷨
˵꣬Ԫ豭ʼˮ
Ϊ豭ڵˮģƾԪô󵹵ˮ
ʱ𷨣ЧģΪǵģԼĶˣҪ𷨣ֻ
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˶Ԫ۷׷׻ױʾ̡ܽ
һΪԪˣ̵ɣҪܽԷĵ뷨أ
˵Ҳ򵥣˵ҲѣѵǣܶʱԵʩ̣ҲҪһԵģ˵򵥣öԷ粵Ϊǿʱ򣬹𷨲Чġ
˻Щ⣬ԪЦ˵֪ʶ˵ȭͷȭͷ˲˵Ȩܵõ˵أԽ½ˣûҪʽֻһȻЩΪǵĽˣǲſǽ
ɮ¶˷ܵɫȻɻվɮһߵġ
һյȻЩˣǲòϣ˵Ļеġ
ԷűӺɱǰʱ򽲷вͨģֻȽǵȥȻԵʩ̣öԷŷ
ȥǷɵˮƽ߰һ࣬ɵȨֱĸ棬ʹûаɮ˼죬Ҳķڷ
ѹ˼ɣԼЩֻӣ˫ڷ𷨺ĵ⣬Ͳһˮƽϡ
ŷԪ⣬˵ĴҪֵ鷳ƶɮ˵ķͺ㣬ǿԴǵ֡
һƵɣڣԵĶ֣ʦʤʹһԶʦҲܣһ;޻ʤĿܣһĸ붼ˡ
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Ԫ˰ֻ֣ҪǸȻнѵǵİ취Ҫģ鱻֪ʱа̣ҲҪǲаͷ϶


334 
ʱѾӽѮһ꽵ٺϴأ컹ûͣ˼
һƥɰܽ˵Ƿسڡ
յʱȥˣѾǳ͢ϽΪûս£ҲȽиΪԵʣŴ̲ľˣƾɳǡ
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ٰشӴ棬һŮӣ֮䣬ԿһƬ׻ļ
ʿͷ̧ͷȥϣش˵ˣĴҲ˴𸴣˵һ˼ȥ졣
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˵Ժ󣬶ٰ׿ʿʱûб˷ְɣ
ĺܿ죬Ӧ˸١
һҪӱСģһֻӥԴշУͨԣֻҲпӵı죬ѡھסΪ˷ֹ̽жҲһҪӱСģǧܱˣһεжֻĻ󡣡
ף
УĴ¿ȲȥܣһҪץжҪĿġ
Ѿ˵ˣ鷳Ǽ٣ʵעȥɽµҰ׽棬һ֣̽Ƿ⡣
ٰ׵˵ͷһ۴ҪŮӣҲ֪ŮʲôطһѣǵŮӷһɧǡ
ֻҪץαЩӹ֬׷۾ǲŽоɫ
Ůٰ׿ŮˣЩζصô϶ʲôūҺã
ߣ㶮ʲôҲȣֱөԣһһϣûκεĿɱԡ
ٰ׸ŮӵĴ׾վ߶
常ҾҾȴ֣һ䲻Ҿ͸ʱ򿴿ڽǰεĶ磬ҲҵʱѡҲܶһ档
ϵʿʱѾվͷԶٰ׵֪ʵףЩͨĽˣǲܸǴʵԵ鷳
ٰһ£˵òһʱ֮䣬ȥôǣأ
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ٰ΢΢üл˵ҪǰŪ
ŮʶǰʵһǿɲԼ̫ϧ񣬼æϢŭūҵ˼ǣЩʿƾöԸ֣ǾͻҿȥһЩһ֣˵ĳĳʼѰϸǮһ֣ЩܲӽЩŮӴȥɡ
ٰ׶ʱ۾һⰡ˵
ʱЩ˾óˣԱƲЩȷʵ죬ʱǴҲ򲻵ãҲãҲͲ壬ȻʹﵽµĿˡ
ٰ۾⣬̲סƶ̾⣬Ⱑ
վŮߣ˶ԷӯβһѣȻǺ࣬Ʒβ룬߽Բİôһ㣬µĺп϶ǽͷöԹ˲Ͼﻹܵɽµ飬ʱ򲻵µҲ׳ˣԺ˭ȥǵ㣬ǵķ𣡡
Ůӵõ˶ٰ̲ס˶ٰһ۶Ȼڶٰ׵˼ôõ⣬Ҫôл˼أ
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ذ׵Сֽ㷢˶Сһ˿
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һͻȻ޲µ½㣬ʹû쾳磬ҲһֱΪҵ飬´ô鷳ˣ˵ٰЩ˿϶鷳ǶķԷҲһЩ
𣿲Ҫһ𣿡޲Щԥ
΢΢ҡҡͷҾ᲻뿪ˡ


335 ɮ
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ЩŮӽڣҲҲݷ𣬾ڱ߱˵ЦΪˣȻҲһȺ˸һεӡ
˻۽ע⣬ЩŮ·ҺЩҲףǾ͡
Ϣݵ˻ԪԪҲ
ͨӥ鿴һԪȷЩŮӵ϶ơ
һȺŮӣԪһʱҲ֪֣ȳȥҪʲô
ӷԺ֮󣬻Ԫǰߣڴ۱ȺŮӡ
ֵ𣬳֮⣬۱ʢƼ㶼Ҫźš
Ԫ֮ͷ׷׺к
ЩŮӿԪһͷĶʮŮӻͷһۺЩˡ
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ˮһҡŮӷֵ˹˻Ԫǰصɸ磬ô˺ģūҹ뿪ˣū۾ˣ⼸ղ跹˼ء
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ԱߵǷ׷ɫ԰ףҲֹͣˣؿһĻһģôԺҲˡ
ЩҲŵʦҪӢڣ㴲Ϲһ㻹أ㻹Щ˵أȥô죿
˵ʲôأʦҲˣիģżȥһҲʲô¶ȥЩι֮ٻһ𡣡
Ҳǣ־͹ִʦı̫󣬽ЩŪˣ벻ˣʦǵĿģ
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ڷԼ˲ðʧȥֹзɴ
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ǶԸЩŮӣԲʹǻᱻ˻顣
ЩˣǺȺŮһģһһ͵ƴԼһЩͶˡ
ԼԸЩ¥ŮӣԲʹ϶ᱻΪ߳ŭҪɱڣһĴñӺڹ͵ԼȻԼء
Щӣ첲ŮӻԪûᣬǶǰǸҪԼȥؿڵŮӵӷλŮʩʲô֣
Ӵɸ磬úݵϣǰϱ˼ҵʱ򣬻˼Сôūҵأ
ŶС𣿡
ˣūҽдʦ𣿡
һ˽еʦֻǵ壬ǵƨɣǽ·ˣʦˣ
ǡôˣūҲŲ˼ȴʦūһȥˡ
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Щ͸ɫЩ˷ŭΪԼǮ֣ȴȥʵǲֵ
ԪȺķӦ⣬ֻҪܽҴԷıֻԼڵֻʱġ
˵ƶɮǰк¥ҹƶɮǼʱȥأ
дŮû뵽Ԫ򶨣΢һ˿ңǻǿڵȻˣ̫ɽˣȥˡ
ԱһŮӽӿڣƥأҶˡ
ԪֻһȦΧŮӵ˵ƶɮһ𹲶ȴ𣿡
ûǽÿǱʦڲˣվѰʦˣκζ²˴ֻýղŹˡ
Ԫ΢ЦȻ˵صʱƶɮҲû·ˡ
⻹˵ʦãǡ
ڻԪһۣĿνն
ǺãƶɮλȻǶƶɮ壬ôؿӡһ֣ǿ֪ʲô𣿡
һŮӶʱѻȸûܻش


336 ɳ²
Ů໥һۣشǶǵһμԪ棬֪ؿڴӡʲôְ
ЩŮӲ˵ΧҲЩˣƺಢ˰
߸뷽ɴһȣô᲻֪ؿʲôء
¶ʮа˾Ǽٵġ
Ǻһ˵ιʦװ˰ɣؿڻּء
ʱҲɸ磬ȻǶŪˣ˭ǵؿְҼǵûС
Ԫ濴һۣƶɮؿȷʵ֣ǲ֤أ
Ԫ˵޷׼ˣЩҲҴˣʱóȻǵп𵽷ЧЩ¥ŮȥĢȥɡ
⼸ŮӼ򵥵˼䣬һվ˳Щԥصɸ磬ϴҶˣȷʵ̫ǵãūģļǵãһְɡ
оĽֻһ˼ǵãˣҲһ䣬˲û䣬Ҳء
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ǻԪոԼؿڵӡȥģʱӡģ壬ӡʱȽѹѪ˿ּľͱȽ
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ڻԪߵļŮӣǱһЩŭŮͳšһŮֶʩչ׷ײҽԼǱƵġ
ʱһߵ˻ԪߣЩɻصɣЩðʧǰ׼Ҳ֣ʱܱĻԣЩ찡
һƵѣԪ˵ͷﾯ裬ЩʲôĪΪ˾ܽŪ岻ɣҲ̫˰ɣ
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ˣ
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ԪһƬȺ˵յĸĺ棬һɽ¶ȥ
Ȼ̫ƻˣĴʱ޲³֣Ƕ˵ֵס


337 ΣԮ
Ԫٶȼ졣
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ڵһƣԪ˦ԶԶģȺٶȲࡣ
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Ԫļ٣ýӥգ۲Χ
һ߽⿪ǼؤӵѨһ߼еǸؤӣ׷ʲô£
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˵Ĵ󺰾ѻҲ֪ʲôԪ⿪ȻѨ
ʲôˣôѨˣأ
Ум˵ǵѨ֮Ͱӵˣǲ֪ʲô
೤ʱˣ
Űʱˡ
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ֵ˴ԼʱЩ䶼½ķأֻ仹档
һ·׷һ޵ģһ·׷һӡġ
ٹ˴Լʮӣ׷ٽӡֻǲܷʲôֻܽ鴫ݸԪ档
һܵ俴ĽӡԪʱдϲЩӡ⣡
ΪЩӡ뿪ӴԼʮԺ󣬻ǼԶһԣǽڷɱ׷ʲô
Щӡһ˫СһЩĽӡǰһģ
Ԫ˵һƵٻɽϣЩˣʲôģһҪмˣ
ֱԾϽӥṩԪֱӡķȥ
һŽӡȥԼĸˡ
ʱʼѾȥһʱӥ۵糸ĳҰ򣬾ڰҵĸ߶ѸٷУù·һ󾪺ֱ˴
˴ԼʮңԪشط֡
·һͣҲֻһƥק·߳Բݡ
򿪳ӣһɰӿӦ֮ǰŮ档
ǳƷң˽뿪Ԫڳҵһֻ
ŷ˿ԪһʹⷢԼɫķġ
Լе룬Ⱦ뿪ҰȥˣץǵĴˣҲ׷Ѱǵۼһ·׷ġ
׷˴Լ֮Ƿ׷뿪ˣֻǲ֪ܵʲôطȥˡ
ΪʲôҪ뿪
ԪЩ⣬ԼǲȥǣûҲûȥǣҲ뿪
ӦΣ֮УԼܲܣ
׷ɱǵǽĴǾĸﵽھĸ֣ûеֵĿܡ
ԪԼҲĴĶ֣һҪҵǡ
ԱϸѰһԪ淢֣нӡɽ֮ȥˡ
ӡĺۼӦǹȥ˴ԼаʱˣڶЩģˡ
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ѾɽˣɽķΧɽܣԪһ·ţһ·ýӥضš
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֮ϣ߿ˮûǲ֪϶Ǻˮ׸İϷ̲סˮϴȵλʦܣȥǰأ
ϵĴѾת˹ǺŽĻҲˣ԰߲Ÿߺȥζ½ء
ˮµ߲ûǱˮףߵĺ̼ӿٶȣζȥֻҪܵǺеǰͷİϷʧˡ
ļ򵥣Ԫûô׵ı½ء
ԼҪľʱ䣬Ѿȥ˽ӣӥѾڸ߿ֻٶԶӥдʥţħǵʱ䣬ӡ
ԼֻҪټӣǷʱ̵ˣ
ˮζôʱ䣬ԪһʯͷʯͷԼһС
ȥǰ½أҲԽԽԪˮаǿʯͷصضź׷ȥ
ʯͷУصһ
Ĵ̴ϲǴ˰ɣܣ
ߺͻҲˮȻѾҵˣˮҲûˣǾ콫ץס˺ܡ
Ԫ潫ʯͷӳȥʮҵֱ֮ӽ˱ԼĻˮ
ˮǣ˭ҲֲԼһĴĩˣ
ζɶȺ𽥽ӽԪޱȵ˷ܡ
⸣С
޲º˽뿪㿪һ٣һԼľͨ쾳ĴѾԼֻҪһƽʱ䣬Լĵգһոµ쾳Ҫˣ
ƶɮ죬һҪȥ˲κһš
㶫ˣƫƫҪҪһ
˼䣬Լ֡
谵֮УԪҲۣ֪Ҫʲô
Ѿˮֹ˺üӣѾֲּסˡ
ѾͷܣԪҲͻƺԲһ˿𱸵ͬʱһ˿ҡ
ɣǶһϢ˭˭
ɽƶɮˣܱСͷܲɣ
뻳Ԫ׵ҵСλãһ˹ȥ
ĴˮŬѰңζһȦƫƫûκεط֡
ѾʶˣǸкܿƬǵˮ
ȻܶһʱȴԲǳ֮ƣֻҪԼԱߣ£ǽ޴ӡ
ǷˮʱͻȻߵǾеӴܣ񿴵ʲôֲĶһ
һͻȻһָоԼʱҲΣյһѾǸˣ


342 ͻ
ߵĸоûдЩܣ͸оá
Ƭǵˮ֮УͻȻӰֱӳ
˵һ˱һˡ
ԪƾǿֱӴˮ棬ʱضˣΪԼԮڵˣһȺɵĿֲͻˣ
ˮ֮Ѿ׼õĽӥֱצһ죬Ԫһץסӥץţֱնȥ
ոճˮĴҲ׷׳ˮ׼Կеĺг֡
ǳˮûȳ֣ӭǵľǵص䣡
ĸ˶ڣûôױ壬׷Ծ𣬽żˮ赲䣬ǱŰ߱ȥ
ŵķʽļҲܳü֣ǳˮ󣬶ҪȥȻ󾡿ߣñȺŹ
ô䣬Ҳܲ𰡣
Ĵ֮еģ۽󣬵Ṧȴŵһģˮλþ밶ҲԵһ嵽˰ϣ˵пΧġ
Ǹոϰһ¾Ȼûվȣĺڻζ
ϸһ߲㾪ûɢ
ȺͻȻһ󶴣һֻԶźĵĸý֫ɰĳ
һףͷ˸⣬ǰĽнӽ߳һǲƥеġ
ҹϣһ׵͹
һ·ҫۣһɫĴޱ磬ֻòޱȣ죬໵ĹֽУԼ
֮ǰˮʱڻңǰȫ䣬һĳúϾ˼ԵȷǰʱѾˣ
Ǹ̫ˣ˵ڣԲҲײһ£ֻǱâԱһԾ
־͹ӦǶԼôһӦܶ㿪
ƵĲһȷʵ㿪ˣ嶼ûأһݺݵĳ
ﱳϵǸιޣһ˹
ûлԪִŲƵı죬ڿУ޷㣬һӣƴбһ
ɫֱӽ䱦ϣʥһ˴Ч
ⲻǴãǳģøһʱڣֱӳ鵽˺ߵϣʱѪ졣ֻ廯һֱߣڵֱˮ
ûнٵˮֻһˮֱʧˮУӰ
ĵܣ
Ĵ˸ոϰͿǵĵܱǸһֱӳˮۿǻˣ
Ԯȫ䣬Ҫڱˡ
伦С붼廨ˣһĳǵ嶼Щ
Ǹ޳ǵĵܣֱŻ߳˹
ЩͨһһǹˣΧ£ȥǸκεᡣ
ǰߺߵû˶䣬ֻдԼǧֻںǾš
߿ɱһܣĵܱɱˣûʲôı˼һ̣ԼСҪһЩ
Χ̫ˣӶӡ
Ψһ·ǴˮҲѧǸһһˮݣЩ޷ˮľԼоԵӳ졣
͵һԾҪˮ³塣
ǾʱһĻ𺳵鷢ˡ
Щɾˣ
ǧֻȻ뻮һĴԼ¡һ¾ͺԼײһ
Щ䶯룬ƽǧֻͬһʱ˻ߵϡ
һֻһûʲôʮŵһȥܰ˴һΡ
һֻͬʱУֻܽ˴һͷ
һǧֻأǧֻأ
ᵽˣǧֻȻܰԼײɣ
ûˮȻֱӾͱȺĶײ˻ٴ˰ϡ
˵ûذϣͱһǴС
ǴӱĴ̴ֱӽֱ͸ؿڣ˲
ţħţͷһ˦Ҳ˦ˮ¡
Ǳߵİߺһ˵һͷȥ˫˫ˮ
ǾʱһˣһֱĻԪȵľڣˮܣ̧־һֱָߵĺġ
ľĴ֮ˣųڲѷ˭ҲҪ
廹ûȽӴˮ棬͸о˻ԪָɵðǵʹóһرӲñ˻Ԫһָ
ոյסһָͻȻ˵ӷٽһָ
һƿָһֱûҵֵһڴ˻ᣬͻȻһһָ
һƵĹڰ֮ϣԷվﻹֵܵסһȴһָȻſ˵һ˵ʱ򣬾Ѿöˡ
һָ䣬׻ֱͦͦˮ
ʥʱԾһ̩ɽѹˮ档
ˮɽߵֱӱһ䵽ˮ£ҲûƮ
Ԫƣֱݵȥˣʱǲϸˡ
ϸϸҲûˣҲǱġ
Ĵĸڵĳ֣ȥˣֻŵڶ߳ɹǱˮ£ʱӵ
ԪҲ׷ˣԼȥҪҪ޲»أɲˡ
һ˵һ䣺ʦܣʹʥһţħȥɣƶɮҪˡ
һƵͷӦˮ棬Ĵ©֮ǲǻḡ
ɽҰһƵջôʱˣûսĴĸڣǺܹˣȴıƵİϷȷʵܣֵòȻαҲޣƫƫץһˡ
Ԫ治ΪһܹץˣڵǱˮˣˮ´Ķ⣬ץϣ̫翡
ҲûȰһˣԪҪĻȥ޲¡
оǣԼζľɶˣһҪҸʱоһ£ܳ쾳硣
˿ʪԪ̲ס˵ô뵽뿪أ
ɫ糺ĵͷԴˮûиҿԪ棬ʣǲ̧ͷص룬ֻ鷳Ͻ뿪Щ鷳ˣҲͲˣû뵽
˵Żˮεδľ͵Ը˴鷳ھΡ
ˣԪһۣԼʵҲûһ˳ұҲΪԼãʵҲŵĶһ٣Сͺھˣ˿Ρ
תתԪ΢Цѽˣȥһ˼ᣬ귽߰
أԪĻĹĵ̧ͷҵô𣿡
̧ͷˣԪָָˮĴ۾ԭǲȥˮ֮еһꡣ
㡭Ҳ˵ˡ
ܲ˵ȥ֮Ҫݶ˵㽫µȴ㸸Īа㣬ȻͲ½㣬סֺɽȥ
ȥɽ
û͸ղЩסһƶɮҪ˭ڰ
ԪҲǱεɧŪˣɴסֺɽһݵĽ⡣


343 ʲô?
ʲôˣ
ǷسڣٰһϵĲ룬ŵؿǰߡ
ѵϷһ˻ƭ㲻ɣ
ֵܣڶԶٰҲûкɫˣضðǶٰףԼĴҲᵽز
µĺǾȻ
ٰ׵һ⽭Ĵɲһϵĸ֣û뵽Ȼ³ɳꪣһԼȷʵû뵽
뵽ٰʶǷⲻܴˣʹ֣ҲҪ취£֮ǡ
뵽ٰվҪʰ뿪
߿ٰҪܣһ֮ѵҵλֵܾͰ˲ɣ
ûֵھͻȥպǱ𰡣
ٰײںβȻĴʦɽ书ǿǶ
ٰȥҲ޿κΣڶٰ֮ǰ뿪˿ջ֪ȥˡ
˵𣿡
Ԫ濴ǰһƣѯʡ
˵ˣ཭ʿǰ˵ˣΪҪ䲻޹ｫֺɽܣȴĸǡ
Ԫ˵ͷ޲סºɽҲû취ˣڽ˽֪סںɽҲûʲô˵ģȫһЩкɽʹʥûκǡ
ϢȥĪа϶֪ģϾΪףߣǸʱԼҲˡ
Ĵ֣϶ǶںֻԪڻκǣֻܵȵ³Ŷͨ뺵֮ƽˡ
¸һ䣬Ԫ濪ʼ˵顣
ֱˣΪֻмˣԼпȥλã˵Ļһжǿ̸
һƵˣʲôأ
ǰ׵ͬˣһΪ֣Ѿ˵Ƕܾˣˣôֻˡ
пʲô
У˵ģȱΪ׵ɣҪ㣬һ˵ӵõڰˡ
Ԫ˵ͷ٣Ѿ㡣
ڶ㣬쾳Ĳõʮˣһڣͱ׼ȻԽߣҲԽף쾳Խ࣬պڵλҲԽߣֻλǰЩɣ㹻ķȨȨȻﵽ׼ĻܶҲֻķݶ
Ԫ㣬ֵ쾳ֱһơһޡ۽һӾԶѾʮһˣһڣڶҲˣֻǱ׼ߣһϯ֮أôҪոӣǸ֡
һƼһˣ˻ǰ죬ȷǷﵽ˱׼Ƿˡ
Ԫ˵ͷϧ۸ո氢ȡ·Ȼʵһ̨ס
˵õأ
ˣҪһڵĽ׵Ƽ
Ԫüô˵Ľ׵ɲУ
ǵģɣڼʮ׵ɣ½ûкͶٽ׵ɽ½飬Ƽһ£²Ū
ؤ˵𣿡
ؤﵱȻɣؤҪƼĻҪؤİԳУǺϵķֶղӣǲ߱Ƽʸġ
Ԫ˼ԼôʱύĽɣؤħ̣ħаÿˣֻؤʸ񣬿ϧղӵķ
˴ͿǶ᲻ỹ޷룿
ֻҪһܹģ˲Ƕһ˵ģѡģڻгϻᣬأܾôҪڳϻۣûʮİգôģһϷȡ裬Ҳһ
Ԫ˵ͷһƵĶ˵ֻƼȴ̫ҡ
һҲǰǺϸ˵ʸҲûмȥҲֻؤпˣؤϺûн飬ǲΪƼ
ؤһֽʮƺʹ򹷰Ѿﵽ¯ĵزҲڵľ֣ΪƢŹ֣ȷʵס
һƸȥԪȥղһղӸոսؤãǲ̫ʺԼӴƵֻдͷ
ѾǰʮˣٹһڣԪֿԳ齱ˡ
ͬʱԪ滹һҪҪǾͻ쾳硣
Ϊ˵鲻ãԪ波Σо޷ģɴʱֹͣȥתת
޲µֺɽסˣ޲µҲûʲô󰭣´󻹵ѾˣԪ淴ܾȥɽˡ
ǳڱĿģĪа֮ǰԼǾɽȥ
οںӵöķ֮ѾͷҲڼԼ
һµԺţԪ뵽ĸܰԼƼ
ţͻȻԶԶ˻Ԫʩ񣺡ɣӵľ澭Ѿ¼ϣڽԭͻء˵ԶԪľ澭һ˻Ԫ档ţ澭ǲѧһҪѧã⴫ˣ˶ѧ꣬ƶɮһᴫľ澭ȻѾˣԪɴһֳԶԶǲԼԺõ澭Ҳһʲôɾ͡
ԶʩлȻԻԪɣѾ˾澭ǰɽȥѰҵıڤˡ
վˣ㲻ڹ𣿡
ˣȡȥذɡ
Ҳá
Զ˵Ż׼뿪ͻȻվס룬ԻԪɣһ飬Ҳ֪٣¹֣ܹҪһ¡
˵
˵֮һ죬˵ĵ˵˶Ϊа֮ԭħҪֲ
˹Σ
Զ룺λڶֻԭֹһΣһλǰǸʱڵľ磬Ƶ˽գҲڰɡ
˺ܶ࣬ҲܲˣֻڵĻ塣
ԪųţĪ˵ڣǺҲ£ǶȥɽˣԼҲûʲôˣҲˣ˭˭ù
ǾԶȴǵ˵ľȻߣǾ˵һѽǲСѾ쵽ʮˣǴǰ򲻿ɴ⡣
ŶʲôͰʮʲôϵ
Զ룬ԼҲЩȷصҲ˵ֻ˵ÿԲ֮ҹ˵ĽرҲ֪Ǽ١


344 쾳
ԶѾ뿪£Ԫ滹ڳ˼Զ˵Ļ
ԼеôСкĸڡ
Ԫ沢û̫⣬۶ʲôˣֻҪֻһڣǾͲֵη壬ʲôԲ֮ҹܱԪΪǸ޻̸֮
ǽ׷Ǽ̷ɱѣֲɵķɽȥ
ԻԪҲǺ⣬ڹĵģôҵһƼ˵ɡ
ѯʹһƣһ˵һЩɵ֣ǶǺ°˸ӴŵɣƼ˵ġ
ھԶ뿪ʱ򣬻ԪԸ֮ǰȥһһ̽һ£һ£֮оЩɣԼҲ
г֮ٸԼ
Ⱥʱ䣬Ԫһ⿴Ʒɺ˽
ʱ䣬Ϊֶ£Щ׼ҵƽʱͲˣԻƷɺҲһʱûˡ
Ʒɺ迴ԪȻԺ˷ܵ˹ԻԪɣ
Ʒɺ裬Ԫ΢΢ЩΣԼյֵģһֱûţ񣬻ƷɺȭѾˣڹǲһͿĺڣǸոսûõġ
ԼбҪǿһ׼ҵӵı죬Ժģ׼ҵӡ
ɺ裬£
ɣģҴڵǷ⿪һҽݣ³һʽҵʱ˼ȥ𣿡
ҽݣ
Ԫһ£̽ʵǽб֥𣿡
ǰǽлشá
Ʒɺ룬ͻȻ֥ҲһȥԺҵܸܲĳ֡
ǲǽлӢ
ӻƷɺҡͷǣҵл
Ԫͷȷʵ˵ĴɣԼ֮䣬ֽƷɺҽŪ˱֥֣Ҳˡ
³һҵ𣿡
ǵġ
ֱΪа̣ƶɮȥҲûʲôôɡ
ɣô˵ûãǵǷ˭֪ķӰ죬ڵǷ⣬ûôΪֵͲôһǶĻ
ƷɺҷɣҵҲְһֱء
Ԫ΢ЦƷɺĵֲĻӢҪ
ɣҵ˵ˣһŵл͸ء
ʲô
д󻹵СһĵԪ滹治
ҵżȻõģȻǿĵ
ƷɺĻԪʱһĵǺö
Ϊ֮в޶ٵҩˣԪɫһĵӣһֱҲûкʵѡ
ǼʹûˣŪҪŪģԼڲľ澭ܳȡһЩϡֲÿΪ֮á
ƷɺĸеԪȻϲԻƷɺȻ㸸еԼƵҩ
Ʒɺҡҡͷ˵𡣡
ԪһˣȻУǷƷϡҩȴûطȥŪ
Ԫ沢㣬ԻƷɺǺãƶɮˣ³һ£ȥμ㱦ֵ֥Ŀҵ
ƷɺӦţȥϤˡ
ȻԪص˷ԺʱһѾһ;Զͬо˶ʮɡ
Ԫ˿ֻɶܺԼϵϵ
һλȪݵ֣һλѩԭڡ
ֻԼأȻǺԼйϵġ
ԪԼڵĻôƼԼˣӦⲻġ
ڣɽ֣֮˼سϻΪԼ֮ѡԼΪ֮ôƼҲ϶û⡣
ɶʱڶнԪֻȽ𣬵ȴʱпǡ
Ҫ飬Ҫͻˣﵽ쾳磬վΪ֡
ˣԪ̾Ϳʼͻƣȡ֮ǰΪ֡
⣬˶ΪԼ֣û֪ԪҪʲô
齻һ£ԪϽκԼر˷ԺĴţԼһ˶̨֮ϡ
ƽһϢԪ濪ʼؿڵʼС
ƽ֮󣬻Ԫ濪ʼй
Ȼûĳ쾳磬ô죬ԪҲ֪һЩŶ
ȾҪƽңҰһҰôܾܿͻʧܡ
һ㣬ҪйԼﵽ״̬пܳɹ
ԪЩڲͬͬʱУȻͯӹĵ֮£ͳһ䣬Ͼͬһģ˵Ǿ޽С
ת񹦣ȥʱйһ֮񹦵ﵽ״̬ȫڻԪĵ֮С
֮ԪתйʱֱӾ͵˰ʮģŴﵽ״̬ۼڵ֮ڡ
ǿʼͯӹһΣ˹ʱ˰ʮĵİйϡ
Ԫ״̬ûôùﵽ״̬ڵ֮ھۼμֲӰ졣
Ԫڵζ˿ѾɶļֻҪԪܵһĳζͨһԼԼչҪͨôˡ
ʵܼ򵥣ֻҪǿһ̶ȣƾ䣬ǿгζԼ죬ӶͨζγѭﵽϢЧ
ϰ֮һԼ˶Ǳ˺Բһ޷졣
˵򵥣ֻҪһţʹõĻ첢ѡ
һ˳ɹͿԿ
ΨԪ̫ȻڵߵĸٶˣҲûܸıʲʵ
֮ǰΪǣ֮ľٴζɶǿϣ
ڰڻԪǰһ⣬һȥ
ͯӹ澭ڣʹԼ쾳磬ôҲͯӹȽ쾳磬񹦺;澭ΪûؼԵʻǺԲ
Լĳսȴһͳһ壬ͳһıԼãﲻһһһЧ
šһԪ콫谭ڣͲ˵ˡ
ǲԪҪԣѾһǼϣòˡ
һΪԣԪת񹦵ʼ򳤾ԼԼζȥ


345 ֹԪ֮
Ԫ񹦵ʼζԵһγ
ǲڹˣֵӵռڻԪĵ£ʼɶζȥ
ζͨ˵һȽϳʣ֮˵Ƿǳȷġ
·˫ȼĻѨΪ㣬ϵ³нѨ
ɻѨż׵ߣͷǰ֮䣬ǻѨǶ
ѪΪ徭
ζܸͨͨͨͨʣǿǣٽѭ
ζҽҵ൱Ҫһͨζַһ书ǿ֮ͨζһԼζ
ζһͨ书ͻͽ
书ͻͽ˵Ҳõӳ
ͨԼͨģԼͨζǶúѧһ¥֮кô
ԪȻʲףǼߵģ뱻ŴͨζԼɹ
񹦵ˮӿ˹ȥζĳҡҡ׹
ԪоζƺҪˣһļӴȣȫʼĳ
һӿϣ£ζƺʱܱ忪ȴһֱûп
֪ԪѾĴɶζɶû򿪣Ԫ滹վ쾳ıϣûͻơ
һγʧܸˡ
Ԫ沢ûлģڵĳǰöˣǰγκεЧڻܸоζɶ
һβɣеڶ
񹦵ĵĲˣҪٴָܻԪڶε˾澭
澭Լ򹦷򣬶ξԼΣ֮УԪţĳҪ󣬳ɹĿҲҪһЩ
һһȵľڵ
ȥ
һ̽ųһ£ζƽζһ¡

ڶΣԪ͵ȫľֱҵĳ
Ȼ澭ȷʵҪһЩļγζҡҡ׹ƺʱҪƿˣ
һԪ潫еһһ
ĳ󣬾ҲĴζʣ
ôˣ
ԪĬĬر۾Ϊĳɹģû뵽ûгɹӦЩˡ
ȵ⣬ǳԼϣԼĲ
ΪѾǰʮĵˣԪﻹų齱飬ϣڳ齱֮ǰ쾳ͻơ
ΪҰµ˳齱ʱԼûгɹϵͳʾͻȻ𣬻ӰԼĳ
˿ϵͳʱ䣬Ѿǰʮĵʮһˣ齱ֻһСʱˡ
ڻԪоͯӹĳôɹĻԼаٷ֮ʮʵղžĳѾͲһͳɹˡ
ǰٷ֮ʮڻԪǲ
ǵһ⣬ڶ⣬֮仹໥Ӱ죬Ͼͬһٶôת硣
ҪܽΪһɷֿɺϣǽǶôһ鰡
Ԫ̾Ϣţת쿪ͷ
ף
ǴǰɹһԪͻȻ۾һ
ΪʲôΪʲôܣΪʲôܳһ£Լڵȫںأ
ԼʷǰһܹɹںϵһôǲǽҾиǿأ
һ˲䣬Ԫ뵽һ֣ǾֹԪ
۰ܹ˪ȭơȵֹںϵһγֹԪԼΪʲôԣ
Ϊͯӹľԣ˵ְ취пܳɹġ
ȻԼʹںϳɹҲܺ۰ԵֹԪһģͷһڻԪѿˡ
һҪԣһҪںϣ
ԪõϵͳѾϰϵͳԼῼȥʲôս
Ҳһֱһ˿ǡ
ĳֽǶ˵ϵͳʵԼԼĶΪϵͳԼαؿͰ͵С
̣ԼԸ¡
ѧģԼѾ״Ԫ
ƾԼȽ˼άŪһЩѧһЩ˲ţγ¶ǲܵġ
ϵͳԼͱ밴ϵͳҪȥ£ûΥĻᡣ
Ҳôһ죬ԼûϵͳҪ󣬾ͻᱻϵͳɵˣûҪϵͳɴջظѧʲôġ
ԪôʱŬɶΪϵͳ˼ˡ
ԻԪ룬òδȻ
ͯӹģԼûѧһϵͳջ书ǻԪĳһ׵⵰ˡ
һϵͳԼҪ󣬻Ԫ治ͶͷðԽԽпܣһôһ죬һжˡ
УҪһźģ׼
ȻһжԼļ裬Ǿ¼棬Ԫ治ò
쾳Ҫڳ쾳֮ǰԼһҪı£һֶصڹֹպһ
ƻͯӹһµģڻԪҲֹͣˣȽںˣȻٳԳҲ١
ôʱ䶼ˣҲʱ䡣
ֹԪԼȥһûгɹĿԣ
뵽Ԫɴֹͣר־سں
о·ֲУ񹦺;澭ЩݽˣͯӹȴޱӴͲһ棬޷ںϡ
Ҫķʱ˹ſԡ
ƴѹֳԪƽľԼȰԼһܳ嶯һܳ嶯
ǺԲҪںϣڣһͯӹͻƳΪˣôпܾҲûνֹԪĻˡ
쾳粻ܳٵȵȰɡ
˿ѾɶζԪ̾ϢһԼʲҲ֪ǸǻԼʺãѾˡ
һ룬ʲôֹԪļƻҲ̥ˡ
⣬Ԫһ񹦣澭һָЧֻû죬ٶȱȽϻѣԼָȥɡ
˴Լʱ񹦻ָʮ֮ģԪͣ
ˣϵͳʱ䣬ѾҹʮһʮţϾҪˡ
ϵͳܰԼʱ򣬾һҪֵá
ܶһЩͶһЩڻԪѾʶˣģֵεģԼԽԭ磬Ҳͯӹ
ʱҹʮ㣬ϵͳʾ
ڳ齱ʱ䵽Ƿʼȡ


346 
ϵͳʾ𣬻Ԫѡ˳ȡ
ڳȡԪִƫΪһ֮УϲĽվ˴ڡ
ԲӣԪ浽ʱ򣬾ͻ᲻ԽĿʼ˼磬˼ǰ
Ҳ֪ǷֻأԼڵǲֻصһַʽ
ȥǲˣϣԼԺԼһȹ
һУûˡ
ҪΪ˻׼ŬȻºܺãԼϣܻףܹ˵ߵĸо
˼صʵ֮УԪ濪ʼ鿴ϵͳת̡
ѡٳȡξͻ᳹ʧƴԼʮҡ
ԽѾûжı仯ˣһγ˹ԺԺľáƣǷǳѡ
棬Ԫ濴ĶһһεĴ󶦣һһѱȪ
Լǰ֪һѱȪǺġ
ѽ˵ŷұӺ͸ɽʦŷұӺ͸ɽΪ˽俪ɽųɽϪˮ¯Գɱǻе߸Уǡ֮󣬸ӽͬǸɽԨ翶·оԣԨ˴˽ԻԨԨƳʱܻƸԨĳȪ
ûԨģǻȪҲ֪ǲԼ֪ǰѡ
ľ棬ֲֱǷӣĵӣҬӣֲǵֻԪǰûм
һĲݣݣҲ֪Ǹʲôõġ
һֱɫģѧ˵Գ衣
ĶһβһֻһȺ
ֵĶﲢϵͳɴ͸һȺӣ
һֳԳĸԼнӽһ˴ССҲһ׸ңһȺʮֻ
Ԫ治֪ЩԼȡܸʲôôʥǸһﳹںɽưԣҲûʲôôˡ
Цҡҡͷľ黹û׼Ҳ֪һλ᲻ῼǸԼһֻ裬Ȼȥ
ĸ֮⣬һԪûΪǿ϶ǹ̶⡢ࡢ󽱣˫ʹ
书һԪϸ˿ڻǽǧ׹Ӱѧ
ķħһָм
һĸ߼ѧֹε׽
Ԫоһ£󶦡㳦ɫġȺݡмѧ׽ǿԽܵĽҲǲġ
ɹԼѡĶһ룬õģ׽
Ҫõ˶Ԫ治ĶǼٵġ
׽ߴ󽱣ԡ
ȥԪ滹Ǿȥ׽Ϊõ׽֮󣬽ıԼʣδкܴģԼҪںĹؼʱ̣ҲʸıˣԼںͳɹء
ڴ󽱣õҲδػкö֡
Ժ󣬻Ԫһ׽ľ룬ȡ˳ȡť
Լг˳ȥɿѡһȦ֮󣬿ʼ׽ƶ
ڻԪҲܹ۲Ĳ࣬Źƶٶȣ֪Լܵʲôط
һλԪһֱأٶȣھ׽ǰһλͣ¡
˿׽ǰԪǰһһǸݡ
ԪѾĿˣɴͱ۾֪ˣȥ󽱣ܵõһõĽ
۾һϵͳʾ𣺡ȡǷ̲鿴
ʲô
Ԫһ¾۾ɵĶˣȥõĽ
;ݵǰ棬ȻһϵͳǸÿαسĴһûм
֮ǰôûпأ
Ԫ治ɵϸϵͳĽΨһûĴǴ󽱵һΪǹ̶ģҲǺܴ󣬸ɴͲˡ
ڳȡһԪͲòˣϸһ죬ϵͳǻ
Ƿ⡢Ȼλˣͼ
ͼԲģдŷⷨ໹һεͼԲģдԻԪûע鿴Ϊġ
ȡˣȡĻôһλˣֵ֪顣
ϵͳҲûʾڴ
ԼĹҲһЩԼƻ׽ǰֹͣھ׽ʱֹͣˣԼжҲôľ׼ССеġ
ȡԪ沢û̲鿴ѯϵͳô£
ϵͳһļ֮󣬴ⷨ
ʲôƷأ
ڵƷȷ
ʲôȷѵҪҲ𣿡
ϵͳشڲûƷ⣬һлشÿشȷ󣬽õӦĴһƷڴѡһƷ
⣿𣿡
ѡ֮С
ϵͳһ䣬ԪˣԭѡҲԣȻԼش֮ѡ󽱣ôеĽƷܱԼˡ
û뵽ϵͳĵĸı䣬Ԫ氵ԸˣҲԼܴ⣬ôͿѡˡ
ϵͳϵͳ㵽ֻһϵͳǵĳ齱ƶɮİջ󣬵˵ش⣬ûȤˣСҼξͽĽƷȡ⣡
Ԫţһ䣺һش֮ѡ˽ƷԽжĲ𣿡
ǣõ˽ƷһԼĲôܿѡͿʧˡ
ϵͳֱӻشһ䣺شõĽƷڶĲ֮С
Ԫ˵ͷھͲڣôҲΪ˶ĲķˣֱƷˡ
׽ƶɮػܣ
Ԫ˷ܣϵͳǾʹشɡ
ԪȷشˣȡԶ򿪣⣬Ŀǰֻеһܹʣĸ⻹Ǻڰģ޷ش
ϵͳʾ𣺡׼شһ⣬ˣѡ֮ѡһɶĲ
ˣԿʼˡ
һȫϵͳĻĻϵͳʾ»ԪϹҲҲԿǺȫλԻϵͳˡ
شһ⣬ʣʮʲôӣ
ԪԺٵתһʮʲôţӦòʮߵͷһô򵥣Ҳڼʿ϶ô򵥣һͻȻԺһ
΢΢һЦʮգ׼ʥ
ϵͳͣһ£شȷѡѡһ
شȷԪҲغһֻشǲŪҿһһѣԽԽѣҲ֪Լܻش⡣


347 ׽
ش˵һ֮ϵͳԪȥѡһ
Ԫ濴˿ѡһ
ѡ˺֮ѡѾֻҪٳȡΣͿԳ״ӳ齱ϵͳȡˡ
ش˵һ⣬ϵͳǵĵһĿڶĿ
ϵͳʾ𣺡شڶ⣬ԻʮΪƣʮΪ񡯣εΪʮ
⣬ԪﳤسһãҿԼĶ˲ٷ𾭣⻹֪
̻شġߣɱߣࡢڡԡߣաʮ£˳ʥʮСǶֹʮж
Ԫشϣϵͳеٴ𣺡شȷڽѡһ
ڶشȷˣԪ濴˿ơ
ԺԺľáƣȷʵ̫ѡ
õӦǷӦһ־ԽǻԪڰûľ
ǱøһÿڣٶȣͨӾٶȣıԼķԺˣԪܲĶ
оľǻһʮ˵ʥأҲֲɻȱĶֵպѧгɽĻҪľ뿪
һܽõʵģһרʮ޺Ҳʮͭ˵ģԪ룬ǾȽһ˵ʵһָ߶սˣӦǵһЩ
ľҲעˣʮͭ屶ٶȣԻԪջҲܴ
ɴһģԪѡľｨơ
ľｨƵ֣Ԫͺˣεĳ齱ѾֵƱˣʣģȷȡȡҲûʲôˡ
ڶشϣ
ϵͳʾʵش֮ͨ
⣬Ԫ룬֪ͨģѻش
Ԫ֮ͨһΪֳ֤ͨͨͨ˾ΪС磬ͨͨͨްȥ磬֮
֮ͨΪֳ֤ܼ֮ͨͨ࣬۶üΪƶҵУԼʶֻȥϹ۲񷣬̽ڤһɫϰ
֮ͨΪֳ֤ͨͨϲ֮ԣ֮
ͣһ£Ԫ֮ͨΪֳ֤ͨͨԿ̽ģ֪˼֮¡֮ͨΪֳ֤ͨͨô֪ͨǰ֮£֮ޣҲ֪֮ǧ֮¡
شǰԪͨΪⷨͨδ֮ΨнǷҪ׷ĿꡣҲǵͨ©ֳ֤ͨ©ͨϾһ˼󣬲ϳһзգֻأ©֮ͨ
Ԫشϣϵͳʾ𣺡شȷڷ֮ѡ񡣡
ԪĿֱ꣬ѡǰȪ
õһպýĵӣԼԽ˽ڸ
Ԫ涼شˣⲢ򵥣֪ʱܻشس
ⰵĸ
ϵͳʾٴ𣺡Ե䣬Ե伯Ե䣬Եش𣬴˾Ĳ飿
Ԫһ£ԼȻ𾭣Ƿ𾭵࣬Լһһȫǵá
˰ҲûͷԪɴ˸
ϵͳʱٴʾشʧܣ˾Ӱ
Ԫ˵ͷϵͳشʧˣߴ𰸣Ժٴ⣬ԼҲ֪ˡ
شʧܣľѡԪûлˡ
ǸݣǸɫģʱԼҲǵòˣǺȺԪ漴ʹشҲδػȥѡġ
ǰĸһᣬһ⣬ҲΪؼ⣬ˣͽõѡ书Ļᣬˣ׽ͺԼݰˡ
ϵͳʾٴ𣺡һ⣬شһˮβܲݽߣ
ԪԺٵתһһˮ벻ݽߣҪŵﶳϣǹһʿ϶ô򵥣һͻȻԪ͵һĴȣˣ
׽׽ڵ˰ɣ
΢΢һЦŵӺȥͲݽߡ
ϵͳͣһ£شȷ书ѡѡһ
شȷԪ˷ܵĺݺһȭͷڳˣڵõˣ׽ȳ֣̾ڵˣ
Сѡȡ֮ϵͳʾ𣺡ڳ齱
ϵͳĹâͰ
ڷ˻Ԫǰ
ɫľĽƣȪ׽
ԪǽԺҲƷ
ľĽƣܸһʮһ޴ľϲˡ
Ȫ˿£ⶫνнˣ۽ĽڣԼ͸ٶ͸ĺѡ
󣬻Ԫ˫׽
֮֮һ̥ǵĺöñŵ顣
ȻԪΪԼǱһ棬ȷʵǱȱ˲мٵߣֻ½컹ںڻء
һΣ֦ͷˣСѼҲܱɰ죬ҹҲܱ乫
֮£Ԫ̨棬׽򿪡
׽ҪĤҪ׳ҪҪ෨ҪɾȵһϵзҪ£ͬһ㣬ǻԪûǣ׽֮һֱѧϰ˽ĸʱǽⱾ׽ȫѧᡣ
鱾׽Ϊͨؼ
Ԫ鱾֮ͱ۾ʮӶû
ȵʮ֮󣬻Ԫ͵۾˲䣬ĿȻһš
建վĹ°͸°͵Ԫ͸һĺ
ԭ׽ǸıʵЧ
ԪĻһ壬ȷʵ̥ǵЧ
ӦٶȵȵȶһСȵΪ׽ҪӵĲڣڡ
˵֮ǰԪٶΪʮôھʮ
֮ǰ˵߲ݵڶҪ꣬ҲҪһѡ
ǸԵĸı䣬ԪܸоԼﵽ쾳磬ô죬ͿԳȹ̾ˣ
鰡
Ԫ̲ס̾һ䣬һˣһ㣬ԼںֹԪǲҲϣأ
Ȼھ澭ϡ٣ʱܳԣǻԪоӦϣģϣܴ
쾳֮ǰںֹԪǻԪĿǰԸ
ֻҪ񹦵ָͿԳˣ


348 
Ԫѧϰ׽֮Ѿǵ賿
Ȼȫ޾⣬޲ͿʼںҲȽ
ûںϵĿܡ
賿ʼһֱͣԪһֱйһֱǽȫȫָϳζʱˮƽ
ûںϣȥһȦڣµûն࣬Ԫȥһֳ˳ֺ׼±һ±ܵؾһȦ
ûнؾʹˣɣǲжԼ
ԪģֻҪܴӲؾ͵һ飬䣬ԺԪȨҪκε顣
˵ĶԼһ꣬ǻԪɲ̾ȥԣڵԼûһ˿Ļǰ͵߾飬ҲҪﵽڲһ¡
ûдɧţԪתһȦ֮ط˷Ժ
ȥ֮Ѿƽ˺ܶ࣬ӦÿԲೢںˡ
ٴ֮󣬻Ԫת
׽ʣĵתж˳˺ܶ࣬й֮޹Ұָоͺһ˾ͻȻԼĴڻ˱ʱݣٶȣ˲ֹһΣǸоױȵġ
ȻԪһ¾񹦵ںϣһ£ֲУǱͯӹý顣
ͯӹ񹦵ۼԪ濪ʼͼ϶Ϊһ
ǰԪ沢ûй־ٶһĶʧˣ⣬Ԫ汾ʲҲһϵűţǷн
Ĳٿ˺֮ܶ࣬޹ҰֶԵڻԪĿ£Ŭںһ
֪˶ãڵԪһš
ʧȥ˻ԪĿ֮Ѹɢμ··Źţ˭Ҳ˭κϡ
Ԫ̲סͷвʣٴγԽͯӹ;ںϡ
ͯӹ촿Ҳ֮񹦻ҪԪǴ
һ󣬻Ԫ泤һϢͻڱൽһٴɢͯӹ;ֻǱںϣԼһƣ̷ɢγսˡ
ںϣʧܡ
ͯӹںϣʧܡ
ͯӹӾںϣʧܡ
ԪûóȻȥֹںһֶ붼Ҫˡ
ԪѾˣǻںʧܣӦòʵˣ⼸ֹ⣬ܹ޷ںϡ
ĬĬʱͻȻ洫ŵ
ԪѾԸڵĺ²ҪԼˣôأ
뿪ڣԪ˷Ժš
һֻ޲໥֣޲ﻹһӣ
ǶǴŴֲͷžʩ죬Σ泯վԼǰ
ʹˣ˹ɫҲڸǲסģĵЦݣԪҲһЩôˣ
ҺŪ±űԼŪһóԶˡ
Ԫ濪ţ˽˽˷Ժ᷿֮С
£һ±˻ԪУģ㳢
ԪӹҪԣֵݹһ飬ǲ½ģҲ
Ԫ߲ܣһһ飬һһڣԵĲֺ
Ҳûȥ˭úó⣬Ǻ޲ġ
ԪʵôںɽסǷί˶λС㣿
ûаɽܺãסķµģҺɽܴɽкôĻľҺͲ½ÿ춼ܳȥоǸӣÿζԶԶؿʱ򻹻ء
˵ЦţȻǷǳģα
޲ҲѽԪ㲻֪ɣǺɽһֻϻأҺ쿴ˣϻƺҲûйǵ˼
ֵģعˡ
ǵ˵ͷԪ±һֻС£Ԫ棬ȡ
ȣɣҴûоá
޲Ҳû¾ͻȣǺɽ졣
ΪλأԪЩ֣ľҲٰ
⻹ȫˣһŮ˶ûУȫյˣȻͻɢˡ
޲ڵЦţԸǱȽϿʵġ
ĵĻһڻԪȴͬඥԼеʻȻʡ
ѹֲںϣԼڵ֮䣬ȱǵͣͣ
ߣҲߣŮҲԼҪŮӵľϣҰԼˣһҪʵԼģһģ˺
İԼ˼򵥣Ԫ濴һ޲ºû
˵ЦԪĿ⿴ڴЩԥص½㣬Ǹûȥ˰ɡ

ԪվǹһҪ飬Ҫǵİ
Ȼǲ֪ԪҪʲô˻Ԫߡ
Լʱ֮޲ºȫ˻Ԫ˼ҲӦȫ
ԪڵǺԲĹҲǺԲԼһ൱޲ڣеˣҲơ
һһңڻԪߣԪ˫Եסǵһֻ֡
໥Σڱ˴˼仺
Ԫ治֪ǵĸоΣֻǸоԼ֮һݵͼƺѾ۵Ŀܡ
ͯӹ񹦿ʼںϣǵĴ£˿˿ɶһ˿ںϵļ
У̫Ҫһ
ںϵٶ쳣Ԫʶڣǲ֮ܲҪһ
˿ϸ΢ǵ£ԪȻ׵ؽִûںϹɹںϵһ
һ̣Ԫоޱȵ˷ܣǰδеĳɾ͸гġ
ֽͯӹ;һ˿Ȼֳɹˣ
ٴνںϵһ˿ֳɹˣ
󣬻Ԫ潫ƽóһ㣬Ϊؼںϡ
Ա޲ºͷϸܵĺ飬Ҳ֪ǵĸоΣǻԪܸоĵĻ䣬ԼĴƺҲźܴĺô
ϸ΢˴˾ţأ𽥳ΪһŰɫϢֱ˴ˡ
ڻԪʾ£޲·֡
˿ǳɫƺЩԸֵӡ
Ԫһ̱֤һ顣
ŸոںϵϢơ
ֻһųʽɫţͬƹСɢŵĽ⣬ڻԪĳ֣תͬһССĽ貶Ŀ


349 ,
ʲô
޲¶̲סʵؿŻԪǸɫš
ҵ
Ůһۣ𺳣ôʽ֣
ǵĸоô
ԪҲܹǵ״
ҸоҵζɶˣϢȣƺܽԼҵƿƣ룬Ҳһͻ쾳ˡ
Ԫʱϲ⻹֮ϲȻͣԼкôͬڽƿҲһž޴ĺô
£оأ
޲ҲͷҲİ֮£ܽڡ
Ԫ˵صȻˣǾ̫ˣǸϿɡ
Щص㲻֪ǵڰ𣿡
ǣǰԼҪͬ
Ԫϲػشٴ֣޲ҲЩȲˣ۵С֣ͻԪٴһ
һ˿˿ںϣԽԽϤ裬ԪںٶҲӿ
ʼʱһ˿˿ںϣ𽥼Ӵһɹɵ˴˾ţںţٶȱ֮ʼһֹ
֪ʱظܵϲѾͻˣ
ֹһܵ޲µ˷֮飬ҲѾڣ
ʱ򣬻ԪڵѾںϴ룬ҪǵİҲܼˣںϵûںϵһۡ
ֹԼһʱԪڵȫںϡ
ԭѾΪһ޴ţһ޴ĽɫţԼںϺ̬
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ԪϵͳȡһǿĻᡣ
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Ԫ治ѾܺˣһǿĻȡˣȻ̨ǿ
ʮһٶˣԪȡҪ״̬£쾳糹ȹ̡


350 ľ
ʮԲ֮ҹ¿ƽʵ䱸ɭϡ
ǻԪȾͲȥģΪԶߵʱѻԪˣһһѽǰѽ¹֮·ǳ˿ֵܻ鷳
ʮľԲ֮ҹԪȻҪСģԸֵǧСģͨӲҪóȻѸͨһƵˡ
ɽĴʹʥǲ׶ãֹϮɽ
֮УӥѻҲʱ̾š
ǾôСĹȥһҹǸ˵֮ýҲûг֡
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ѧϰ׽֮󣬻ԪٶȼһμȵǰΣʮһļ٣ֱһĸо
ڵǷɢ״̬μͯӹͯӹǾࡣ
ȫڻԪĿƣ־ͷ֣Ͼͺϣۣ֮һͿۣ³ΪǾ޴
ƽʱԪ治ˣǱֳ̬Щģһ״̬᲻ᱻʶƣƽʱͺãһЩơ
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ԺУԪڶ𣺡ϲɽ졣
򵥵˵һ䣬û
ԪȽȻ»ױϼһ￴
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ŲŸҲԼ׼ľĵط
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Ԫ˽ȥЩľͷ˷ǳ棬ЩľͷľʮͭõģҲԱ򻵣һ㣬Ǳ򻵵ľͷܹԶ޸ȻЩľڴʱתǲϤˣóȻֻܱתľ˵
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պ󣬻Ԫ潫¹أһʮ˰ľƣǱͨľľﶼͨûֵʸ
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ľò˶ãʮ޺ȫܳΪˡ
һȼˣء
Լﻹһһ޺ؼպչһ˸ٺԲĸ֣һҲ󷨺ġ
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һ޴ŷסƽʱῪ
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ҹٴգǰ꣬ʱһֱǴˡ
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ˣ
Ԫüͷһ壬֮
ʲô˾Ȼҹ֣ҾȻûľԪ治ŶԷǰô֡
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˻۽ĻԪʶǾԶ˵Ǹˡ
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Ƕסôͳ׳Ϊһǣոˡ
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һָǸ߼ѧȻҲסһƴĴ򷨣һ˲·磬æҡ
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Ҳ˲ùۿԪˣǻ豦ķ˼¹һü׹⻮Żһƻȥ

ⰵƺͨһ㣬֪ڿйͬķקųβһֱһϵļѨ
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Ԫ滺֣˵һܷ
ȡƶɮһֻ֣ܽסƶɮһУƶɮվͷȥǲܽסƶɮһУôֵľȥС
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ԼеһжӲסôҲ̸ʲôˣԲŪⶼ˼˵ˡ
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ԪһԾ˫ֳֽһ˹
ûκεı仯ԪбǸлǰȻ
ԪҲûжĻȾܡ
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ոԪ´Ųʩչ˲͵Ԫߣʩȥ
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ԪͻȻǰĺһո֮⣬ôһ¾ǰˣзʣȻشһ䡣
Ԫ㱻ԪЦˣڵʩѾزȥˡ
һ̺צֵԪͼֱ۸񵲣ȴͬۺһ㣬κε赲ͱԪһץס˲ӡ
˲ֹͬһԪץģͽԪ˫أȻһУ


352 ְ˲
Ԫ޷ûӵıԪൽľڡ
ʩľ߸һţŹأǱ߾Ϳƶɮڴľߵţȥֻܴһߵųȥڰʱ֮ڣܴľʮͭˣôͿȥǲܵĻ׼£ƶɮϤĽ̵ɡ
ҲûԪôش𣬻ԪֱӽԪӽľȻŹرա
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Ϊǽ̫ߣ¹䲻Ԫ̶ʱûˡ
ǰɭСԪһֲõĸоСΪԼһĵء
ԪӽȥˣԪֵɢȥһûߣ˻ԪߣԻԪɣһֱûн㣬켫˺ˣ˵
Ŷ˵ʲô𣿡
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һǿԪֽԪӽѾû֣ҲûڼֻȭкŹСʱͽˡ
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Ԫַ̧ԪѨ޷˹ֽıͰߣһƵȥ֮ҡ
һƽԪˣЩƤˣֽҩϣͲܺˡ
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Ԫʵһʱˣඥ֮Ҳһһưǿڸ֡
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˵ʱ򣬻ԪоһЩЧʱֹͣǽѾƺתԪ˹
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ԪһһŲ˻ԪߣѨ⣬ûеֿڻԪη֮ĸ
ԪҲԪ룬ǰͻȻ£
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֮Ԫо˺һ͹·ǳûӣƺվ˼ǻûԪһֻ־ͰԪͷٻѨϡ
޷糤ӰӿʱԪһֹͣ
ֹඥֱ˼ܣԪоĺë׶չ֫ٺͨˣԼԼѨһһƣľʹﵽڣһڳ
ǰ˸ԪԪӰһ㵭Ľϼ֮УԺһȶɫĹȦ΢Ц̶ֳȵĹඥͺͳԷˮһ򵥡
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Ԫ϶̧֮ͽԼľڵģǳûˣԼһܰݵΪʦ׬ˡ
ඥ˰ʱԪһ󾳽֮󣬹ඥˡ
Ԫע֮ԪѾԻԪأݾߵ˰ʦ񣬻ԪһƹԪȣԼѾԪΪӣŻԪ
Ҳڻ˲⣬ⷽΪʲôԼΪ״ӣǻԪԼΪ׼ֵձ鹦ƫͣҲҪڲգҲǸոսڵģڶ塣
ԪΪ˻ԪĵӺԸµڷԺ֮⣬˻Ԫ
ʱԪڷԺڣȴյϵͳٴʾ
յ˵ڶӣְ˲ڻ񡣡
Ԫʣ󾪵˲ڣʲô˲ڣ˲𣿡


353 ˲
ϵͳʾԪ֮Դ󾪣Ϊ֪˲Ƿ̻֪ľȻҲڷϵͳ֮Уһְ˲ڡ
Ϊӽ֮ʱûеĻˣ䣬ԷвĻڡǿʩҲЩΣ𷨵ˣзǷͨʤഫĲȥδɷʱ˲շģһȳɷǶԸΪȷĻ
˲ھΪڡڡޡ¥ޡҹ桢ǬšޡĦȡ
÷˵ָ񣬱Ž̵Ĵ죬Լ죬óʥӺˮʪȵȣڡ
˲棬Ϊʵǿߡ
ڻԪ֪ĽӹС˵˲棬һǷͱΪڡ
ָڣΪȣǻ𷨵й֮ר˾ƽꡣ
ڷӵд鱦Ǻĸ񻰺ͷей˵еĲͬõйߡߵȵȣ˺ΪˮΪӺȡˮ˼ġ
˲֮Уʵ졣
С˵˲棬Ϊڡ
еһֶ񡣷̾ưΪ족족˼޶սмŮ֮ȴǹ⣬һȴˣһַ񡢷ǹˣּ˳Ĺ
޺ͷ˵͵ȸ¶Դ޲Tǰ޵һԱȻȵĲ¶û¶ֻ˺ͱͷˣֻͷ­Թ嵽ϣɰ޺ǣͣ׷̫ҧΪûԵþͻʳʳԭ
޲Tʣµ壬򻯳һŰǼƶǡ
¥ޣǴʪū֪֮棬¥޾ǽ
¥޾סĴ޵Ĵϣչʮ֮ƽʱʳеĴΪʳ˵¥޷ÿҪԵһСߡԱ˾ͷɻ˯
ΪΪеĴҲ¥Ҳڵͷ
ҹĵ룬˼Ѹݡ͵عڹУҹһְ񣬾˵ɲͬʱɴĽ˫ͨ໥жԡҹɲ̬ͬȣΪߡʱΪò׳꣬ʱֱΪ´٪塣
Ǭ񣬾ݳ̷˾༿֮ǬǷлּΪŮ̬ƮƮΪӡУǬǲԾ⣬ֻѰΪϷϲʾİغʥΪ̫ĻഫǷ̵֮һΪĦƣֵ֧塣
ѰǼĶػͱڻеķ죬Ǭš
ޣΪ񡢸죬ԭΪеɣ󱻷Ϊ˲еĸ
ĦȣͷޱȡȻ˲λ󣬵Ǵ˵еĵʵڰ˲λΡ
С˵˲֮УΪǵĦȡ
˲棬Ϊף԰˲ʱҲΪ˲
ΪˣԪ濴ϵͳʾİ˲񣬲Ÿо
˲Ƿֲ̻磬Ϊʲô
ʱϵͳʾְ˲հ˲ڵӳΪֻʱ꣬ؽƷ
Ԫ΢ĵ˿˲Ҳֻһš
ͺһʮˣǻܰʮ޺أҲʮ޺Ҳһƺˡ
ؽƷԪЩģϵͳŵԼĵڶؽƷˣһؽƷǰȡɺԼܹõģεİ˲ǵڶ
ݻԪĲ²⣬ؽƷһǳԽ߼ѧĺöǾʲô²
ϵͳʾϣһԲΣնϡϡϡ˸λда˸ֱ֣д˰˲ڵĳƺš
˲֮ס
˲ڵĵڶλ
ϷǰޣͷʵӦڰ˲ŵ
¥ޣͷʵڰ˲ŵġ
ҹ棬ǬţϷǽޣĦȡ
ĸ˳ЩȺζˣԪҲŪĸʵǿģĸʵġ
ĦȵѾˣһСֽ۸ա
ϵͳݸ˵صԶѡģ۸ҲǻԪһյͽܡ
ҹͼҲˣһСֽԪǻԪոյĵԪҲǰ˲Ĺؼ
Ԫ룬˵ҲδһЩֻҪԼڣôͿ˲ˣֱӻؽƷ
ո뵽ϵͳʾֵ˲ҵѡգҪģ޷йඥ
Ԫһ㶣æβ֪һǺѡ
ѡϵͳʾ
֮ڲְ˲ָΣ
ҪѡϵͳŻʾԪ治ЩżһҪȥײˣһʵģǸż
֮ڲְ˲յĵӹջء
ԪЩգ⻹ǲ̫ðˣԼʼգ˲һվˡ
Ҳ֪ǲϵͳΪԼյʵչѸ٣Ūôְ˲Լġ
ǵȻ˵ΪԺؽƷԪҲֻűӽְ˲
֮󣬻Ԫ߳˷ԺţſڣԪվЩŹ֡
Ԫôˣ
ʦ˼ôˣ
Ԫӣ˼ƺ䲻ϰߣֲ˵ֻ΢Щεص˼ˣǡ
ԪԼĳƺ˿ûиоףԻԪʦղҲ֪ôˣӸоԴʲôһˡ
кβһ
Ҳ˵ףֻǾãҾӦﱣʦ֡
˵һ£Ԫ̽ŶԻԪʦ˵ҹֺ𣿡
Ϊʦòơ
ԪﰵһԼĵӾͶиӦˣҲ֪Զȡ·ϵĻ۸ǲǻʲôо
ٺ٣ǵӾãԺڽߣԳֵӻԪºҹ棬ʦô
ѽȻúãԺôƺ˰ɣǵã㻹һʦֻ֣ʱڲܻҲԺ㻹ܶʦֵܣ֮һҪദҷŵɣаá
Ȼǵڶͽ⻹ǵһϵĽԪһʱо񫣬˵ÿĭɣѹСʱѧʦһô˵ԭôĹ񫣬ΪʦĸоʱͻȻŲ𣬾Ȼһӹٲ˹
Ԫüͷһ壬ٲԼ¸ʲôյ̨Ժ󣬿ûʲôٸ鷳ˡ
ϸһԪŷ֣ӹٲһ׵ġ
ͷˣȻǱص֪أݹη𣬻Ԫϵá
֪һԪ棬һѱһᣬصغţѽɴʦǼˣһҪ


354 
Ƿε֪죬ʹȴķͷģٵòҲΪɽˡ
֪صĻԪ̲סЩЦȻеٵҺиҲ֪֪ôġ
ӷˣΪʲôŪǱ
֪Щٲ˴òᣬȻҲûôƣ򵥵İһ¾͸֪ܵˣؿ϶ˡ
Ԫ㣬ֵĽҩĻԼҪǮʡ
֪˻Ԫߣ˺һſڵʦʲôȻŹٲ¾ôЩˣ˸ף⼸öˣñδ棿ó͢δ棿
ˣ
Ԫֹ֪أѯʵѵ˵Щ£ǱƶɮֵŹòɣ
ŶǲǣʦĪᡣ
ȻƶɮֵôҪƶɮأ
֪ʱ⣬æʦ֪Ƿһˣҽᣬ°ӣ޶ѽض෬̽ټ˳ᢣ޵
ʱڻԪߵĻԪ̲סˣʦæһƶɮҪʦ书˵صɡ
ԪҲɵԪɫԥӦ֪̫ɴͳѣҲά˻Ԫݡ
Ԫ΢΢ͷԪȻʱ򵥴һЩȱԵʣ޴
֪صõѣֹͣԴޣ⣺ҵǸˣǸ˶ǶˣҵĹٲˣͱһһĸմӻŻˣ´ٸ鷳Ҫɱˡ
ԪȻԸˣӦϱ֪ţƶɮ
ʦ֪Ǹ˵ˣǽˣȥٶҲûãҴһϱ֪˲죬ٵġ
Ԫ֪صĻȻǽǾǽˣּȻڵǷ⾳ڣҲαһƽƶɮжᣬ˽˵ľ˵˵ɡ
֪ؾͽ˵һ飬Ҳû˵ʲôˣýԶԶľͳƣĿǳǶŴ󻧼ҡ
֪˵뿪󣬻ԪԻԪʦô״Ӧ֪ˣӿǲͨĽˣӦ书ܸߣҲˣܿƽЩٲ˶һ졣
ԪʱɫЩصصʵǳġ
ʦ˻
ոս֣Щ黹ǷԲɣǽ־ڵǷȻҪùٸĿǣ߳ļƻ
Ԫ֤֣߳˵֪һЩģҲˡ
ʦУɲµ˭
ԪЦЦ˶Ȼ֣׼أΪʦȻв²⣬Ҳδ׼ȷǷ⻹Ҫȥġ
ʦȦףӾ㲻Ӧȥ
ԪԻԪ̬ȣʾԼʦİΣ
ΪʦҲôá
Ԫ˵һ䣬ԼյͽܻԪΪʦʦһ⣬ҪһɽҲҪڶԷĲ֮ڶֻ֣Ҫ㽫ɹ
ʦҲŸոռ¡
ŻԪȻΪʦǸոΪͽʦʱ򣬾;ǿ֮ģ¸ҡ
ԪʦεĿ⣬˿˿ĸжʦȻԼģǶԼĿ϶
ص˵ͷԪظʦģһʹ
ʦһһҪΪʦʦǱ𰡣
Ƿسһڣվһͷӵǰ
ǽĴ֮һٰܶ׹ƻһ鷳ȴȥֻʣһľʹ˰ݣϢݻ˽ϣԼʦɽ
ɽڽϴ콣ţ˵ǧĵӾĴˡ
ĸڣκһɶǼҪģҲ콣ܹ˵ĸ֮һĸӣ˵Ժܴ
Ǵ˴μȫûõϢ֮󣬹ŭգҪΪƽء
ǵ֮ȴı⡣
ֵЩޣЩëȻ侲֮󣬾ıԡ
߳ǲҪȥ˼ҵսΪá
ֻǲ֪߳ܲЧ֮ջûʲôð취
ܷģ㲻ѾȥԮǽжǺйﲻֻҪҳʦʮսɱ
ոһŶ裬Ȼֵ˵ϣˣǸΪ׵ȴּ룬ϷҲվڸһߵģȴòˡ
Ϊڸ֣Ȼûдﵽľ磬һ߾ĵƣʮš
ԥһ£ʦʹܽµĺֻҲǲöԸǸȻʵһ㣬»һбȽһָһǰЩˡ
ЦһҲ̫ˣʦ˵аգ϶޵ķʸҲգ㰲İɣǰҲˡ
ǰ
ûйܶɻڵһͻȻվԶΪʦӭǰ
ùսǰ˿ǲˣЩɻظ˳Զһһֲɮ۵ĺл˹
ռæӭȥʩǰһ·డ
̸ϣҪġ
ԱߵԹյʦôҲǺУ
տ˶һۣǰͷǸΰˣǰǰպյĶ誣ǰ
Ƕ誣ʱһλǾ˵ɽôܵˣ
ǰ
ڶʺӶǶԹյϣӵķɸ봫飬Ϸ̾ˣǿ˵ˣʰֺУµĶҪϷС
ȻҰװͷǰֻǹĳ֪֮Уʲôֵǰ˵أ
誾ؿ˹һۣڵһѵѡ
Ҳϸ׷ʣ誵ȻǰˣǾ׼ɣҵͽ֣Ȼǰ͹ĳΪǻȸں󣬵ȴֺͶ
ʦ˵ϵ£¶ʮˣѾǴԲġ
ʦʦǣǵ֮鱣ӶɣֺнҹһҪͶҹΪǱˣ
߶䣬ɱżȶĿȥ


355 Ǵ
ԪԼĽһ·ɰǷسǶȥ
Ǹ˵Ŵ󻧼ңҲ˽Ҫֵĵط
֪ͨŴ󻧼ңΪӷŻˣŴ󻧼ҵˣҪ
ԻԪ̾͸ˡ
ڻԪԼʦˣ֮ͣԼֱ͵ڣԪҲǽϵľˣʹԷĲʲôȦףҲǲܽԼκεġ
Ŵ󻧼ԺֱӾվԺԱߴҶϣӸµؿţԼƤ£ζ֡
ǺͻԪǰŵģҶϺеʱﲻ󾪣ºʲôʱôˣôݵվϣںԼ԰Ṧ
ӡ棬ֺǺܵ͵ģ²ſ񣬿ԼһμȻֱӾվңԼ
ƫƫˣܶŴ󻧼Ҷˣܲзֶѡ
ȻˣǾͲضһȥԸŴ󻧼ˣֱʰ˵
ôҲڣЩŻеģγ˱ĽӲĵط˳
ؿȥкҲؿԷע⣬ԼһվǸоͿԼ
Ԫһһˣ֪ԼҪѰҵĿ꣬һԾ£˵ǰ
˫ױ˴˵ĿģҲûзϻ˵֣
ԪһԶԶĹۿս
һƾӶˣôɸոյĵӣȻߵ̶ȣ
ǰ컹ڣھͳΪڣҿӣԼƺˣ
ɣ⡭⡭⡭
ؾ棬ƶɮԪඥͻˡ
ǷɸඥһƻýһЩϾǼصģܺͷ湵ͨˣඥҲס
ɣ㿴ʦҲһˣܲܣ
ʦܾͲˣѵƶɮܸඥԲɣ
һЩεص˵ͷԼҪЩ
ս֮ϣԪѾȡ˾Եơ
ԪĹඥ֮󣬻ԪʵѾǰĶıܷ¹⣬ʮغϾͽɱûл֮ڽڰˡ
ԪһƵ׼ˣԷʱҲóˡ
һƵͷĵսĿ
ߵһʱ򣬶սţɿԶȥԪֱ̽׷
ԪҲ̸ϣûлԪıߣܲ˶Զǵ϶ڸ
ȻûжԶҪԪ׷ϣ̲סеʦң
ԱߵľһŽⱩֱ˻Ԫ
Ԫڵʱ͸ںͺӲƴȻŽ⿴źҲûη壬ֱӶ¹һΣϷһٹ⣬ǽӲƴһ£
˫ĽڿеΣǽҲˡ
ͬʱһгڻԪ󣬶Ҳͣ˳νԪΧ롣
ϣͽܵʵа
ڲԶٺЦţĿ⿴űΧĻԪ·ڿһˡ
ʦǵʵãǲ֪ʲôʱһ֣ʦǵķɻǸϺһĻ컹鷳ˡ
ʲôǰΪʦ˭һɱ
ŵĻδ䣬Ԫʹˣӷ𣬽ô֣Ȼкüڰ
ԷˣԪ浱ȻҲܿŻԪԿһҲһ֡
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誣Ԫؼʵ˵ǵֵ֮ˣǲʣϵĶںδأ
ԪĻԱߵĹ۾Ѫħͼ֪˿ǲ٣Ȼ֪Ҳһŵġ
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˵Ժ誻ͷԹպͶʦͽʰһһСУµķɵϷˣ
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˵¿ĻһƺͻԪŭһƻǶԻԪɣ㿴
صңԼСľǡ
ĸ˽֣ǹյʵǿͬʱʵԶĻһƺͻԪôҲڳԿǡ
Ԫ쾳磬ЩıҸĶдһˡ
ǰãڶľ֣ҪУԪҲ֪Լһʲôˮƽˡ
˼ǲԼͬ˲ɱţ
ʱ磬⽣ӰХ˵ĶǼ죬ɲǾɱذ޹⣡
һƺͻԪҲǺеǿˣȻյɽͬ糵һʩչǶ˵¹⽣һָҲǳصģ϶ʵЩӲǺʦͽɱ˸ѷѽ⣡
ɱļңԪ誶˵սʤһ
ǶԺһơ
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誳˸ɽʱԪı֣Уа
Ǳ߻Ԫûиһ˿ϢĻᣬһ֮󣬽¿ƶһԾŵɳȥ׷ɱ˹ȥ
調Ԫ׷̧־һƣͺ¿
ĻԪ棬ηһЩƣǽ֮ԼҲˡ
ŵƷƶɮҲᣡ
Ҳһӭȥһ죬Ժ¡
ԪµʱҲûţ̧һָ˳ȥ
죬ǿָǰʽԪʹˡ
ʹָ調ûڶˣۿԷָͻȻ̧֣͵һһŲָͻȻ򣬲䵽ԱߵĴ档
ʲôŵ
Ԫʱһоָı򣬵һʱûŪΪʲô
֮ܣʶʶϷǴ󷨰ɣ
ۿԪʵǿҲ˲ò˽ˣóѹ׵Ĺ򣬾ȻǴ󷨣
Էһ̧ŻԪҡҡ֣̻Ԫ𣬱һǿҵţҪԼһ
ͺ¿Ϸ򶷣㳢ƨɵζ
課ЦţǴƽʱǸõģμȻóˣҪһٻǰֺвУ


356 ƽս,ħ!
һʹóǴ֮һֻϣȻһű
һˮụ̈ס˸ر𳤣һ
ͺ¿㲻㲻ǻϷԣԿֵܲܵụ̈רĶü̴ܴܲ壡
˵ŻؽţΪ˶ԸµĺУȷʵ׼ĺܳˣϴɽԪĽ֮󣬾Ūôһü̡
ţƾԼڶʵȻ̴ܴһе
ǰ϶ԸºУ⽫ˣڹȻó
ֻҪǴ󷨽㵽ߣȡʵ˥Ǳ߶ü̾ͽجΣ
Ԫָ誵Ǵƫ˳ȥ
ָûнһԪоڵ˴ļƣƺҪȥˡ
ǿǴ󷨣
Ԫ󾪣˵ǴûЧ취Ӧԣ϶ᱻ誳ȡ
ԸǴ󷨵İ취ҪޱȻҪʩչǴ󷨵˻öԷ޷ȡԼĹ
߾жҪѸݣ޷סԼΣҲ޷ȡ
ڶ壬ԪȻ죬׽ҲǴ󷨵ĿǣǱϾֻһڣܱ誸ӻֻǲȡķʽ
æʩչŲ͵ԱһȻԪٴָѸٸ׼誽ս
ǴֲҿǴ󷨵֣Ԫ滹ϣսġ
調ԪԼĿƣһΣֶ׼˻Ԫ棬Ǵٴʩչ
ͺ¿ܵٿ죬ϷֶĿ첻ɣǹԹɣϷȫȻ̼͸ɣ
ԪֳԶ˼Σ֮ͷͽ͵ķʽԼô㣬û誵ƶĿ죬ѸһԼ޷ˡ
調ԪƺӴܣɣ߿Ц߼ӴǴ󷨵ȣоһ̾Ҫȡеˡ
ǸͻȻЦˣ誣ΪǴ󷨺ܺãǶƶɮЧģ
˵Ժ󣬽ָԪһȥ
Ǵ󷨶ʱʧȥȫиˣԼŬҲԱߵһЩ֦Ҷ
һĽǸʲôˮƽΪϷ֪ھʹĽ֣㻹ʲô赲
üһ̧ƣҪơ
ԪһãԼ誵ľˣڶ壬ԼĽûʲôѶȣ취ɣ
æ֣ԪͻȻ﷢һʨӺ˳ȥ
ĬĬת˫ԪʨӺҲûܼӦеĹЧ
Уʲôֶͳͳʹɣ
誵Ǵ󷨼Ѿ߶ǿԪоڵҪֲסȥˣȥУ
ٴһһڣֱӹ誵Ժ
һûзסԺڱһ£Ǵ˲ֹͣ
ǧѷĻᣬԪ͵ǰָ·Ǵƣȡһٽ誴塣
ҲֻǶݵӰһ£誽㣬㿪誵ļָȻڻԪ漴ʱͻȻٴʩչǴ󷨣һ¾Ȼȡ˻Ԫһ˿
Ԫû뵽ħķӦô죬һʱȻȡæٺˣζûбȡ
쳤Цͺ¿ͦȵû뵽ȻĴǴ󲹰Ϸɣ
ߵǱһƺͻԪ󼱣һʵɣôҪʦȵֵһ󡣡
ӷʦܷģղŵսǿθС˰ˡ
˵û£һҲö˵ʲôֻü͹ʦͽս
ǲмصθСˣͺ¿δ̫߿ԼˣϷݺὭһٶ꣬ǰ˾ԲʮСҲҿڳԣɻ
Ԫʱ˫ֺʮ誣ˣӯҷţԵвԱУֻ֣©ƶɮȻڴˣҲòе㽵ھٺƶɮģȻȥǰ꣬ƶɮɼ̣
調񾭲һؿŻԪ棺УϷεǿϧվֻǰΣǷһ׆ۣ㻹ǵȥ˵ɣ
˵ԺͻȻԾ𣬵ץŻԪ浱ͷ
ϷǴ󷨵һξͽ˸ɣ
Ԫ˫Ŀ΢գ˫ֺʮۿȴҲһ
調ԪĹӣЩ
ﷴΪ̬϶ҪѰôʲô
ѾȥˣҲܱеһӾ͸ŻȥǵӲͷƤȥ
˻ԪͷϷԼɵʱͻȻһĻ澰ˣ
һޱȾ޴޺ͻȻ˻Ԫͷ
޺ʮɣӸµصŷ誣һ誹ͻȻ̧ƣͬһȾ޴ţƺ̩ɽѹľҪӭͷ¡
Ŷ
ŵĹֽһӲûн£ӲɲһԱߺߣһ£ѾԽƽʱṦˮ׼
ɼͷǱġ
֮ͣ誾ǵµʱͻȻʶϵˡ
ɽʱһоŪֶʱˣҲˣݷ綼ˡ
ºҲ֤ʵˣһ˵۷Ūɵӵģûκε
ǸʱճֵһϺУɲһ޺
Ҳ誱סҪԭҪϺУẦ£ͻȻðһ޺ܲ
ôһ誾ʧȥѵսԼղûͣ£ôһ̹Ѿеɣ׽սˡ
Ƿ¾ûʧȥһᣬҲġ
ԪʱͻȻ˫һ˲˶㡣
ղŵĶ̶ʱ䣬ԼѾںϣҲۼţ
˫ƾʮ֣΢΢ķֿһСʵĽɫڿš
ͬ۰ԵֹԪܹһԪҲȥ쳣Ĺ죡
⡭ʲô
λڻԪǰɴЩĿɿڴͷһμֶΪʲôʽ֡
ݣзħжΪƵʱˣΪʱħħнħߣ誣ħͷվ͵ܷʱˣ
СװŪ˵ʲôϷ˸ɶ
Щսս˵꣬׼ٴʩչǴ󷨣Ԫһ
ڤ粻飬ɽ̻ħͷƶɮɣУƽս졭ħ
Ԫٷɿ؆һѣͻȻ˫һ֣Ľɫֱգ̫ͬҫ۶Ŀ


357 ,ţ!
νħǻԪǰʥʿ濴ոʱ˳óһ£Լ⼸оһʹ÷ħͷ
調Ǹɫգɫס
Ѿڵľ֣оηĶѾˡ
ǰŪİϷȷʵоûס
Ϊû
һɫôߣ課ǸʲôõģôҲǸ·Ӧ׼Լģ
ǶأܴԼ
Ԫûи˼ʱ䣬ͻȻһԾע֮еĽɫŵʱ򣬽´Ųٴʩչ͵ؿߣ̧־һ˹ȥ
ɫԼĿ֮µģͺ۰ֹܿԪһ߿евҪʱ£ԪڣڸŵĽᣡ
й誱ܵٴʩչǴ󷨣׼ȡԪ
û뵽ǰһβܣֱӵķֿ誵
˫ôȡʱ誻Ϊˣ̳ҲסԪ֣óûȡ
ָոʶ˲ã
Լץס֣϶ûԼĺùӳԡ
һץסǸɫŵ᲻ҵԼԴϰ
һԥʱ䣬誾ʧȥȻǴòˡ
ʱԪͬȰĲһ壬žǷۣȻצֿʹ£һץסǰص·
֮Уɫ
Ԫץס誶ʱðҲ˲ʹǴˣüֱ̳֣Ԫؿڶȥͬʱ͵ѣʱѡ
ԪѸٸ֣Ӳ誵һǶü̡
ִ֮Ҳûȫ̴˽֮ҲǺˡ
ʱɫ䵽˻Ԫ֮䡣
һֻһֱŵĻԪȵľһָ̣ɫţ֮ݺݵĶ˹ȥ
СתţХţָƶ£ڷΪһ
ʹƽ㣬㿪Ҫؿڣûܶ㿪ڱԪѾõݺУ
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誵棬һ޴˿ڣȻУҲĳӶ˳һԲε˿ڳϡ
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誷˾춯صĲҽУ弱ٵĺˣ˸һѪɫ⻪ͬҵļһԲ赲ٶȳԶ֡
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Ԫ֮⡣
˵Ȼû誣һҲҪˣû뵽϶ͷʹֵһУȻˣ
һУԪǼģ޼ʹùһΣܣ޷赲û뵽Ҳᡣ
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ܻ誣ȫԼսõ۴ʵԼǲȴﵽڶħͷġ
Ԫ漸Լֶζóˡ
ָ֡צָ֡ʨӺࡢ⡢ŲƵȵȼȫ˸飬һ誣Ǳˡ
˵ûʲôԺвѾˣǻԪΪ۵ģϿһѪħͼģԼȻûеõ
ЩŭĽϳ·ݺݵһˤ
һŰɫ˿ƮƮĴǲƵ·Ʈ˳䵽˻Ԫǰ
Ԫһ£ĶȥĽ˿
˿Լ̫ϤˣѪħͼ
Ϊ˷ֹһԪСѪħͼ˿һ֮ȷˣѪħͼϽǵһţ
ԼѾѪħͼѾõ˹룬ΪӵѪħͼˡ
̫ˣ̫ˣ
Ԫ鼤ȻеϧǹϵһΣ誸ӲӮĻᣬˣܲסڵĹˡҪĶڵˣ Ѫħͼ
½ǣϽǣϽǣϷҲм䣬Ųͼ
ϧûλõѪħͼȻԪƣƾҲƲһ
СؽѪħͼպãԪתͷȥǱ߻սˡ
誵սܣȻǳ˹ʦͽ֮⣬ںһƻԪսʦͽѾ·磬ܵĻԪͻȻɱ
һԪߵԼߣվ֪ˣȥԼʦͽӶˡ
ɹһƺͻԪ˸Ǽӿ˹ȣʦͽѣһҪ¡
ոоƲ̴һ䷽ɣ֮ϷˣԸ췢ԺҲֵ鷳
ƶɮŷǷ棬췢ģƶɮţ
Ԫ滺ؿսţ˹պͶ޴ѹ
ϷԸԷ淢ģֻɽշʦͽһ·
ŻɽҪˣƶɮȻǳˣҲǸ֮ʣʩˣ
ԪѾսŸ֪ٲϣмʱ򣬾Լʦͽˣ̵ϣ͵ػ輸ȻͻȻڵأ˫ָ߾٣ԻԪɣϷʵĲٺԣɴȱ
˵Ժ󣬹һˣƾԪĽɨҲû˿˼
Ԫæ͵еɨʦһֻۣԪ˼ܵ˹յĲҲˣȴʦϡ
߹ͶˣǱ߶ȴЩˣԹյʦˣɱʦֵܼ˵װ
ձ۾ڵֵ鷳ɱɱ˭ˣûǸ𣬻Ǻͷɴʦ̸̸ɡ
ʱһҲסˣһָضŶʦͽǶԷ춯һʱֹ
ԪʱѾĹǰڵƶɮ֪͹ʩʲô̸ģ
ɣĳԸƼּˣһһɹ˺󣬺ɽܵͬˣڡ
Ԫ룬΢΢Щ⶯ַʽˣȷʵһѡֻǹյĻ
ʱ֪ܱסʦԷסҵѨӦ㹻ʾĳĳˡ
յĻԪ΢΢ͷĻȷʵ֤ǳҪԼ̸ˣԼƿأôûгء
һˣ̶֪ȵıȫԼҺǣԪϲ˺
ʱȴԱ߽еУʦǲͶҪɱУһϣ
ѾսĽƣȻٽԪ
տһԼͽܣЩʹر۾ȻѾٹԼͽˡ
Ȼ˾ϣԪͲ뱻ƻɫһһץסĽ׵Ť黨ȻһΣѾƣһץסļһﳳ֣ɣţ
һֱӱԪһʯԪһƵȫԶҡ
һƻڻԪǾ䡰ţĻﰵ뷽вţӡ˵ǲôһ秵ʡ
ɵķԸһƵͷӦǱˤʯϣѾЩԵĶ


358 ˵Ĺ
ԪҲͦյģԼѨȻҲյشԼԺƫڣÿոóԳԣúȺȣ»ԼҪй䣬ż㣬ݰݷ
˵żѾͳȥˣΪ콣ŵţƼ
˵¶Ѿˡ
һڵƼˡ
ӳһˣҲ͹ˡ
һڣѾһƺͻޡ
ո߻Ԫ棬һ˳ȥǾԲɸˣҹ˳ӡӸӡǣˡ
ɽȴԼ·ֻ̣Ҫ͵ȷͱɳǷϸ죬ʵĻôԪҪʹǰȣ󿼺ˣǷˡ
ǰ¶ʮˣٶȣŰ¶ʮߣ˵ʹ߾ͻ¡
ܻԪ췹ԣΪ֣ʱסºɽ޲¾ͺóԵģǳڸмɣʳƷؽһζվȻҲ޳ܵԲȣͻԪ֮ûйԹһ
ԪҲﰵ۲գûзִʲô쳣
һʵʵˣ֪²Ϊ͸ɴʱ³ԹһĺͻԪ
ǲȫ³ԹˣԪֻ̬ȡ
ûй޷ңԪҲͲôġ
ɴʦ̶͹ԲӸ˼ζ㲻ܹҳ̶ⰡôҲϷ򳢳Ӹʲôζ
տŻԪݸԼС̶üЩֻԪ̫С϶ԼһԵġ
һЩʳʩҲա
ŮŪģԪ滹᲻øϲ϶ԣȻڴ˿ȥ쳣˭ܱ֤һ첻Լҧһأò
ճüس̶⣬Ȼһ裬ԻԪϷûеҲô⣬Ϸɴʦ
ƶɮʲôģ
ԪҲյĻ˽˵뷨
Ϸ򲻵ò˵ʦֶʵڸСԳ棬Ϊħ֮ʱһϾ˵ǴʦЮСˣɮҥԲƣ˵Ե̹Զסڿڣ񶫷ܱ
ԪЦЦԼȷʵ˼Ч
û뵽ջһתȻʦС޹֣Լʵȴ˼޸ɷ˰
޹סںɽƽظǰɽƶɮҲǲȥģ˼޸һ˵
ʦԲӣϷ򴳵ʮ꣬˫۾ǲɳӵģϷ۲죬С޹ԴʦǳãǳĵĺãͳԵģԵʱǿĵӣϷܿǶģֻΪݲŲ԰ɡ
˵Ժ󣬹̾ϢһǸϷ۲죬ʦȴֹں֪Ҫ֪С޹ǽϳˣ˼ɫϷǴʦֻ̾ͻỹף˫˫ˣʦ̶ȣϷһ㡣
ԪϲɫȴЦ룺׸ƨͯӹܻײ
ǻô˵Ԫ޹ﶼƶɮѣȻƶɮǳˣҲ֪ѣȻ˺ˡ
ֺ˼䣬ֵ˴δʦҪ׼ˣһεĿ죬ǳҪ
ƶɮҲ֪һЩʩ԰ɡ
ֱӣǺʹӦýվͻ֣ǴʦҪи׼ʹһǶˣСĴ˴ѡ
ƶɮеĶˣкοɵѵģ
ʦԲӣǳëҵһЩĽڣǳķһëҲͲëˡ
ѵĪǻҪƶɮʹ߻¸ɣ򲻿ɡ
ǷţȻлߣϷҲҪѴʦ㣬ϵĹǲƻġ
кιأ
ģ֮ҲҪΪɣڸֵģһɣſɵڵĳְλ
Ԫ濴˹һۣʩڵγϣؾΪԭ˰ɡ
ûϷڣҲڣĴĸͽܣֻһǳ£ϷصڣҪΪĩˡ
ŶɹΪȣ
һΪĵȣڣһɣſɵγϣмĻȨģںԱĸڣǶɣſԲμľߣз磬ͶƱʱɵһ²һƱһ˾һƱ
ɣڸ֣ɣԵȨûͶƱȨ
ĩأ
ڵģһĩɣĩɾڹƼ⣬ʲôȨûУֻڵľ
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ǲ֪λʱ仯𣿡
ҲǣϾ¶࣬λһֱ䣬ɽԼڵڸֵǼǺһµǼһΣȷλλһŻ仯һΡ
˹յĻԪʱţһƣԪ˶ڣֻҲĩɵκȨûУҲûʸǲеġ
ʵϣԼһӻ۸գҲڣԲˡ
ټԼѷɫڵսʵֶԳΪһˣԼˡ
ڣ¸Ͳܲ£ʱõóֵģҲֻһƺͻԪ
Ĵѡľ¾ţһʱ䣬һ֮ڣȻһҪΪһɣҲҪɣȻʲôϢ֪ⲻֵ档
˵ʹҪȷڣ
򵥣ɳˣһҲǸոսڵģʱһһ˵ڵˣǱƴֻҪֵܵʹһʱôˡ
ԪһԭǱƴ
Լڣ൱һڵֵ֪ܲܵʹһʱأ
˵ƴǺ޻οԵģڶľ磬Ҳǵֵסһոսڵһʱģ
ǻԪ治һ϶Ϊһ֮󣬻ԪȻûۺ񣬵ǿȴܳɫԼ취ҲܼҲ˵ء
ڰ¶ʮʹ죬͵ˣץʱС


359 
˻Ԫ֮󣬻Ԫ̨Ѿ߱٣ϷԺһʮļ١
׽֮󣬻Ԫһûм֮ǰһٶȿס
ڵÿ춼ۿɼٶţԭһֱ׵ţֱ֮Ѿﵽʮ๫֡
ҪСʮ๫֣ԲԽӵľԽֱﵽһףǾ൱ֱ׵ı
Դ֮󣬻ԪʶİԵ
պԪķҲо÷ȡֶζҾԼľС
Ϊ޷йԪڵĽ֮ڣ棬˿ʹΪԼѾɷ޺ֻҲΪԪ񹦡
Ӷʮ絽ʮߺ磬Ԫչ죬ûмκˡ
һֱ˶ʮߺ󣬻Ԫ߳Ժ
˵ʹˣԪͨӥ۲쵽ԺԲųصģȻһֱϣʮ˺ų齱Żῼǳġ
һλԪûڷԺڵȺ򣬱Ͼ¹ֽ˵Ĵ£ǳӭһµĺá
һţͿ˵ӻԪվſڣػκš
ǵʦĸоãӾľҲûԪ⡣
Ԫټǰżϣǻӭ͡
ԪӦȥԱƫ֮ڣտ˳Ԫɣǲ˵ʹߵˣ
ûϣЩҲˣʹѵѾȷ˴룬ҲͲؼѨˡ
Ԫһ̧֣һȣֱӽյѨ⿪
ѨҲǶַˣ忪ѨҲף֮ڣҲûôʱȥѨЩһֱڱ⿪Ҳǻһ
չһֽţյлˣĳԳУȻѾˣǹĳ淽һȥӭһ°ɣϾим䣬˵һЩ
˲УһֱŴ
ʱֵٶѾ룬վĶУԪʩ
һֱĵվǰţľǻֱȻǾֱ
Ԫ濴˿ǰһͻȻϲصһʦܣ㹦н
һʱҲǺ棬ԻԪʦ֣ʦܴĽᣬٶͻȻѾҪӽڶˣ£ϣˡ
ܺãܺãӦˡ
ԪοһҲµˣʵܽҲǺܸˡ
ոտһٿһԪǾϲʦܣʱĺԲʦ־Ȼ֪
һҲЦˣʦ֣ʦ֮Уÿʲô鶼ܣһٶȻǿģò˶ãҲлȥԳ쾳ˡ
ԪƵƵͷһȻɫϰţ֮ԼҲضˡ
ȻԼǿ߸ʱ䲢࣬ҲǸոջ׽ڲĿһеʱ䶼ʺãٶҲ֡
ֿˣԪ淢ֵ֣ʵĺܿ죬ֱ붼ǺˣڵıȱȽǣҲԭӾͺõĵӣҲﵽ˺Բľ硣
ֱ棬ֻлţǺڣеǿѾ˵Ĳ㣬쵽ˡ
ҲרţȻһЩ壬սǲһˡ
޺ͻ۽Ҳǽ쾳һʱˣڶǻֱɫģһͻ쵽ڣͻҲͲ̫Զˡ
һľٶȸ죬ԭˣҲϻ޶ˣͻƵҲ¡
ʣʮˣҲںԲľǰһͻ춼Ǵ⡣
ҲزؾӵԶڣ׼ҵӲڣʣˣˡ
ʱֻһСһУԲϣû뵽գѾΪٵӵĴɣ֮һָĴɣħ̷ֶؤֶ涼ں磬һ֮ס
οؿһԪ˵һ˵ʹ߾ҪˣҶ˵ҲֵľòʹҪֿ켸죬⼸Ҫ˼ҳʶֵϰ侫ķѧףúǵĿ죬Ҳ⼸죬־ʽΪ˵һԱˣʽΪ׵ˣ
ֵܳΪ׵ɣ
ԱߵĹҲ̾ԻԪɣһԱίˣɲ⣬ӵʵҲܸ߰
ԪҲЦˣ˿ֵӣȿԼˡ
ԪʱݹһģԪӹˣһֱĵҲģֱ΢ѷɫһЩھֱڻûĵʸ
˶ģ룬һŴڴ˶˵ʹߵˡ
ʹſڣСµɽŴ󿪣ӭӹ͡
Ŀ֮£һµ߽µĴţ󣬻쾳ĸ֣Ҳֺĸ˽
յһӭȥʹߵѽѽȻǳˣһ·ˡ
վȻ£Ҳһ㶣ϵİһ㣬Ҳر𹧾ԹյԭϱҲ֣ǳĳ˵֮ˡ
䵭ں͹ղ·
ļԹԵʩҲͽˣնǵĲòƺҲ⡣
ǶµˣԼкɫ͹ˣջóȻȥ۶Ļ롣
ͷԻԪɣλڵĳĵ£˳ӣڡףһɣɸոսڵôѾʮˣԿأ
ķԸĳִֻоǣϲطˡ
ԪԱ˹յ˼һʸ죬ȻǶֲġ
Ϊڸ֣Ҫʹߺͱ˱ƴģһոսڵˣһѾõһ
Ҫֵʵ΢ƴ죬ǲǾֵڸֲϸأ
ⱾǶȨĵˣ뵽ԪҲЩãЦ߹ȥҪͳ캮Ѽ䡣
ϳ´˻Ԫۣһ䣿
ǡ
Ǻãĳ˺ҵһ·Ͷ٣ҲͲ˵ˣ̰ס׼ƲˣǳԱϢʻ
ӷ𣬰סû⣬ֻիˣûо⣬Ҫίˡ
ûУˣǺУȾƳģҿԼ˾⣬׼һЩիˣٰסɡ
˵ţʾԪϽ·ΧֵųټĻӭݸ޶á


360 齱ǰ
Ԫ潫˵ʹ߰Žһ䵥ǴסԺһƫģڿЩҲ̫ˣҼһ°ɡ
סںõطǸõҲһѵġ
Ȼˣ̫ԼҲʹˡ
ȻԪ氲˻ֵǷ׷Χ£˹ķйԼеĲ
ʦ֣Щ˼ֱ̫ˣųӭ黶ӭǣǾȻһۣ
ʦЩ˲ʲôö
ɣһãסǵľͺã̸ǾС
ʦ棬һ£ǾȥǸƨʹ߸ϳȥ
ߵĵǣԪ˰֣⵹ҲأϾҪֵģ֮ףҶҪ⼸Ҳشǣøʲôʲô͵ǲھͺˡ
һյʦܣ⼸յʳ֮ϣŪԵģǵĵӳʲô͸ʲôӲˣˮҲˣֵľˮҲͦġ
һյͷӦֶһҲڰԼλãԻԪطˡ
ˣԪֱӷطԺȥǸк
ոԪ˷ԺлҪ˵
˽˷Ժ֮󣬻ԪţǶԻԪɴʦû뵽ĵˣʮˣȻϷ򣬵ǱǼĵӻǿģ죬ǶԱɵĲƽ
Ԫ˵ͷƶɮ׼ȻΪа̣ȻǲǹأҲ޷ָ߱ƶɮҪʲôɾܾܾˡ
зһҪСһ㣬ǳ⼸ܻȥΧռа̵֤ݣܶ˵ֲãҲпܻⷢӡ
ȥռϢ
ԪЦһ£Ǿȥռɣ㶼أ¼ûеڶܹء
յ˵ͷѵҲѵģ˵Ҳ˵ˣΣͲԼˡ
ջصƫϢԪԼ̨
յջ񼫴˼֮һǸԼµʱ䣬ԪоԼȥˡ
ǵڣԼҲȥμӳĿ飬˺ֱӾͳΪɣв뽭µʸ
ȻԼûôʱˣһƵڣ϶Լۺ
ɻԪμӿ죬ôҲһѵ顣
ּˣƫƫԼΪɻеһ֣ӵĹԼߣ鴫ȥҲǺ˵Ԫ治ܲһ㡣
ҿϵĳ齱֮ɡ
Ѿǰ¶ʮ߰ˣٹһǰ¶ʮˣԪ滹ǵãϴڳ齱֮ϵͳһʾ˵Ҫʲô
ӵĶԼ쾳ֵ֮ģ쾳ѣԪΪӵĶ϶
ҹСʱԪ汾һģͻȻ۾
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̨Ԫֱӳ˷ԺţûԪҲȥϢҲûоգվſڵȴ
˻ԪĶУɣСһЩ
ԪûģĵĻеģΪˣȷʵֵӡ
һһƿյһߴ䵽˻Ԫǰ
ԪһԲתԺߣǸҲû˵Ԫ˷Ժ
ڣԪ潫ŹرգѾҡϵߵĪ
ˣͷ׳һѳȲ˫ۿϼȻħ̵ǰĪа˭
ڻԪ֪棬Բ⣬ô
ݷ硢ֵö洫Ϊҽ̣ϰö¾Ž߾ʵǽеĶս
ʵ֮ݷҲҪһߡ
˵ܹǿˣĪаˣʵԲݷ֮£ɽħһսĪаݷƴʱָ¾֤
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֮£ǲһģɮҲڶ壬ɽɲɲԼڵ˼˵ȣ֮ݷǵʵһ߶ѡ
֮誡ˣҲʵǿԪܻܴ˶ˣʵǽҳɷ־Ӷࡣ
߾ǹաõˣʵҲ
£һơԪˮƽҲϡ
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£޲ȸոսڵģʵֻ޲ʵոսڣҲܺϡʵϵȺš
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ǰĪаǽվڽ˵ļ֮һ
ԪʺĪа˵ͷڻԪ滹ϾǾԼŮˡ
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ĪаĿ⾼βŵ׾һɴϢѹ־ȻĴ֮壬ϢͻʵϼѣܹԲѾףͻ죬϶ǽĴˣǷˡ
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ţȴħ˴ǰҪ뿪ǵĻƶɮھͿɴĪǰɽ
Īаȴ˰֣ˣĪĳǰҪ÷֪ͨһҪһʱ䣬ʱˣһ֮̾ȥʥ֮£ʥ֮½ǻʥ̣ʱ䣬ʦչһ°ɡ
ĪаĻԪʶĪаҪȥȱˣϾħѾɲɲֲһֱħ̴ȨһѾˡ
ֻǲ֪ĪаҪδȥȱԪЩ档
ǻԪûֱʣǵĪˣ
ˣõʱֿ޿ģķ
Īа˻֣Ҫ뿪
ƶɮԴΪĪȥ˺δƶɮλش𣿡
ĪаʱѾվߵſڣԪĻ󣬳һ£𣬾˵Ϸȥ˲˹ҾͿɷء


361 ϵͳ
ĪаԼŮͷҲصȥԪҲ֪Ǹˡ
һɴµˣɴ߲СڣڸȽϵĮ
һ˵ﻹǺںŮġ
Ͼɽȥ˹ĻͺϲһЩԯˡ
Īаˣһ㣬Ԫܿȣһú
ֻǻԪ治֪Īаȥ˹ʲôѵ˹ʲôѣǰԭɡ
ҡҡͷԪ˼صϵͳϣΪСʱ͵齱ʱˡ
εĳ齱ԪźܴΣϾ쾳ôͻƣԼɹˣϵͳôҲ̫ģӦŪһЩöԼ
ôСʱԪҲû˷ѣ̨֮ϼȵ쿼ϣԼҪǰˣʱûʮļˡ
ڵŻţԪظоŵľֱ´ʮһ֡
ݻԪ㣬ͯӹ澭񹦶ڣôŵֱܻﵽף֮ոսڵʱǿʮ
ΪԼںʱֻͯӹڣ澭񹦶ֻǺԲﵽȫͬն
ԪʵҪþ澭񹦵һԼٽһ
СʱȥˣŵֱһЩӽʮֵĳ̶ȣԪֹͣ
ӣϵͳ齱ʱ䵽ˡ
ƽϢԪȴʱص
ڵҹʮ㣬ϵͳ齱ʾ׼ʱ𣺡³齱ʱ䵽Ƿȡ
ȡ
ϵͳתʮȫ֡
Ԫϸش˰죬Ӳûзκεı仯
ûб仯һνƷҲһ㡣
ͽ˵ǽҲӣûгɫĶΨһһǲ
ԼĲľһҲûʲôöΨһһ࣬ٶȼ죬ڸطţʵá
ϣõ书ѡһҲûʲôý֡
ѧָֻϵĹ򣬶ԼѾûʲôˡ
мѧһħһҴ֣ԼôҲǲ󣬴ֵӻǿ
Ψһɿ۵ģǸ߼ѧղϰ벿
ΨԼˣԪϸһһ˸飬ܿķ⡢Ҳϸȷ϶ûشʲôģġ
ˣϵͳ˵һθ콱ôκα仯ûأ
ѲϵͳڻεԼ
ʵڲ鿴޹ԪҲֻգоһϵͳȡղ塣ѧһĽղ壬Ԫܳµκιˣ۵ǹȭƻǰڼңһɶԼЧҳȡһϣõڶ
ȻѾ㲽費ףǻԪ滹Ǽһ²裬Һλãȣù˳ȥ
οǻԪʷ齱һˣƵҲͦ׼ֻһͳȡˣǽȴʵڱңȡһѡ塣
Ȼ徧Ө͸·һ覣Ͼѡͼѡ
ϵͳʾ𣺡ȡˮ壬ǷʹöĲܣ
ԪûؿһۣĲ
ϵͳâ˸һ򣬶ĲȻɹˣĲһ챦ʯ
ȻĲɹǻԪҲûʲô˵ĸоϾһγ齱ôˣûоĶǣҲûдؽ
ĬĬصȴϵͳʾ齱ùرϵͳǳٳȴϵͳʾԪ治֣Ϊʲôأ
һϵͳʾȡȫȡ
ԪͻȻʶԭԼѾѡȫȡˣѡԺҲˡ
ϵͳתһâ˸ʮеûˣǲ֪ΪʲôЩոȻڡ
ԪҲûЩոΪ´ξͻʧģЩƵڿһλţʹȡѡԺ齱Ļд󽱵Ļ͸߶ˡ
ϵͳתع⻪µĳ齱Ҫˡ
ϵͳת̰һ£ٴûʾ齱ʾ
쾳磬þϵͳţʼ鿴
ϵͳʾԭո񴦣ѾµͼԪԲ鿴
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þϵͳͷ⡢һõģûþ֮õ׹þ֮Уʵá
ԪЩˮϵͳ̫ԼθˣͷȻҲǱϾЩʱҲǲþһ֪򵥡
þϵͳɱ˵𣿡
þûʵɱܹûþ֮ɸּ󣬿õ˻־ĥ߾߱ʹڡ
þϵͳʹõ𣿡
þϵͳֻ֧þڵʱ򣬻þԶʧ
ԪЩ裬ԭҪ֧ŵģǲ֪Ĵ󲻴
þԶκʹ𣿶ԷǷֿܹ
ϵͳʾش𣺡þϵͳԶκʹã־ԽǿߣԽױþԻڹΪþߵĹߵԼ־ǿ
Ԫͷһ˵ʱԽԽߣԽǿ־ԽǸ֣ԽױþԻ
Щˣ־ᶨˣ־ҲȽϼᶨ
þܷ񱻴ƣ
ԱƣԽ߲ĻþԽױƣԽҲԽױơ
ƶɮǷʩչƻþڻþʲôУ
ȡĳֻþ֮ʱֻʹôþڵԪأһЩϸ΢ĵ
ϵͳֵóһЩ죬߷࣬Ϳ״κλþȡĻþһɳĮǾͿɹʩչĶֻɳĮķ硢ɳ⡢ɳĮֲһЩɳĮþ֮оԲֺɽȵȶ
ƶɮڻþ֮ʩչֶι𣿡
þ֮в⹥һЩķʽԹãȡþ֮о
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˵þǺоֵģǲȡҲס
½ĿͶϵͳʼ鿴³ֵþͼ
֪һ֮£ԪʱŲ۾ˡ
þֱǣ˼þþɽþþзþþ
ԪԽԽǾ棬⡭⡭⣬ֱ̫ˡ
ϵͳҲ֪ôģŪôЩֻܳڻ֮еĻþԼһɮ
˼ţʱϵͳʾոս죬һοþȡԻһζĳȡᣬضȡһþǷȡ
顭ȡ
ԪеˣѾȲ뿴ȡĻþǸʲôˡ


362 
ϵͳʾԳȡ֮ϵͳתʮâȫ䰵Ԫǰֻʣþͼ
Աһʼİť֮󣬻ԪͿԳȡˡ
ڳȡ֮ǰԪ滹ϸоһþ
˼ֻ֮һзΪƵƵ޵˼
͵
˼ƵеĩƵУ֮޵֮˼ٴ֮˼ȴ޳ַ𷨵ĵط
˼þ㲻϶ôʹ࣬ǻԪƣӦܸ˺Ľ壬þ벻Ч
Ͳˣʮ˲֮һ̵ܿĵط˵֮ˣ䣬̰ˣ컬࣬磬˵ƭߣ󱻴С˵죬ǯסͷ£һ°£ðȻþҪǶʩչǶɹ
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Ԫ֪֮ҪȥĵطŹءȪ·ӡȵһϵпֲĶû뵽ȻܳΪþ
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֮ԱȣзþþӦмþˣȡϣӦûгþô׳ȡ
ļþɾǸ߼þʩչķǹƶԵʱЧҲõġ
Ȼ֪ЧǻԪôΪġ
ϸо˰ʼťԪҲûзκοɹԼʹõ©
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ϵͳʾ£ϵͳת̶µĳ齱Ľˡ
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ΧĻþһ䣬һ̣ԪѾ˻þ֮С
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˹ŹصƷԪһʽþ֮С
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⼸տĻˣ
ֵڣ쿴Լļ£Ѿˣ⼸ûֵκ˽Ӵÿճȥܱߵ顣
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˵ʵôﻹͦĵģ뽫䶨Ϊа̵ѶȺܴ󡣡
ǵĳʱǹЩ˵ֵĻҪǶ֣óȻֶΪа̣»ŭ
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룺ӦӦһһЩŹֵķӣڲͬҲЩӲһ㣬˵ܺͷ湵ͨҲŵġ
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һ˵ǽһɱ˰ɡ
΢΢ͷȻ²ߣҲʧΪһ취һһֱķ治ſڻͽܿţǲð졣
Ǹ˼˵յǷһҽֵ֥ҽݿҵ׼ҵӿģһо˵Ҫǰصġ
µĻ˼һˣǾӦýնǵڽп죬ڱƴʤǹȻãʤôǾڵǷ
Ǽˣа𣿡
Ͳǲˣ벻鷢ġ
·׷׵ͷоܳȥ֪ͨԪ档
Ԫ㲻һֱڷԺоǸþ
һδεо飬ԪѾ˺ܶĵá
˻þһжãǳ棬Щ̫ԼĿǰȻֻ֧Сʱ
мþȻǲüԦ
ڸпԪ˵ǸѾ׼ֵڽвˡ


363 ͨ˿
ҪˣԪ֮á
ֻҪͨˣôԼǰȵʸˣΪѾˡ
ڣԪΪĩɻˡ
һƺ͹ҵԼķԺУϻԪҲڣ˾ȫˡ
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ɫһ䣬ԺȺԼ˽ݵ˼ûУʵЩˡ
ԺһƬյأĵطûС
˼ҲԼҲû취ֻߵ˻Ԫǰ˭Ҫܿ죿
Ԫǿһһƣһߵ˳ǰһƣܿ졣
쿴˿һƣͲ²ˣϺе»Լ֮ϡ
ôҪԱԲУ˵ͷ죬һƵһĳ˽ƴֻҪֿҵһʱ䲻ܣͨˡ
û⡣
һҲаģԼҲܲ²Ľ
ΧԱãһƬյء
һƵǰؾƣһʱҲƣԡ
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˴Լһʱ䣬쿪ʼȥһΪֻǵҲų쳷ȥʱ˺Ҳʼس˵ıƴˡ
ƴǺܴģ쳷֮΢΢ЩһҲûطݺݵصһۻԪ棬Ȼߵ˵ºһƣڣͨ
Ա̼д֤һݽ£һݽں֮УһƶǩֻѺΪм˵ĹҲǩֻѺ֤ʽЧ
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һƵĿˣԪԻԪһʦѾͨˣϰɡ
Ԫ̵˵ͷ˳ǰ
켱æҵϢһ¡
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һƴԪȫһ֮£ȻҲ޷ܻԪһ󣬻ԪҲͨˣ˫ǩ˵ڶ֤
ʱԪʩƶɮֵĵѡھͿʼأЪЪأ
Ԫ˵֮䣬΢ţվڻԪǰܸоԷҰԵЩҪӿζ
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Ȼоܻ޷ܻԪ棬ҲҪԲС
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ⲻóϢᣬΪ˸Լһǳ׼ʱӦǼЧʱˡ
ʼûΪԼӮ˻Ԫ棬Ͼɿ϶书ߵһԼôҲӮǿʼ˻ϣ
ǰ˳춼ûӮˣΪѾӮˣ˻ԪһЩܵζˡ
Ҳûеôеٶȵһʹı˻Ԫ档
ԪָͿ죬ôƴȥʱҲܼ֡
ƴһʱ֮󣬻Ԫڵ˴Լ֮һѾסˣϾҲСˡ
¼һ䣬ڣͨ
Աߵǰͽ֤дˣֱӵݸ˳죬ǩֻѺ֮˻Ԫ棬ԪҲǩϣǹ滭Ѻ
ʱˣԻԪһ䷽ɣڳĳʽˣµõ콣Ƽˣµ࣬ڸ֣Ѿͨһ䷽ھ³֮ǰʥغȣ˸߲󿼺ѯʡ
˵Ժ󣬳һζԻԪ¶ЦݣϲˣֻҪͨͳǵǹأ¾ʽΪ˵ˣˣζѾΪ˰׵ɣҺܿǸոˣɣ֮ҲǷǳټġ
ӷ𣡶лˣ⼸ҲˣԪȥŪ˸ȥ͡
ˣˣ
켱æֹ˻Ԫ棬⼸ֶԴԼ̬ȶ֮ǳԵķںԣЩܲײ˾ЩθԻԪ˷ɣվǾ³һˣһһȵڻֻоˣͣظ·ҲҪܵȣԳĳͲˣ̷غȸ֪Ƿͳĳһ·
ӷƶɮǰȥɡ
ǺãȻˣĳ͸ˡ
˵һ䣬˿գϣ㲻غȥ𣿡
ձܾͳͬУǳڶԼ˵ʱĿЩ˸ʲôҪԼ˵һ
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ҲãҲûȥˣٺ٣ȥ֮ϹͲǳˡ
ԳĻ¶һĨЦݣԹյǹɣһ·ͬУĳкܶ໰̸̸ء
ʱҲͻԪǣԪҲ͹ոǣҴӦһھ³֮ǰϵȡ
ų͹ղȥԪҲЦЦתͷߣȻǰ·;нӥʱ㹻ˡ
ոߵſڣԪͻȻƶɮ֪Ҫ˵㲻˵ˣƶɮ֪Сʲô
Ī˵һ䣬ԱһƺͻԪһ㶣˭˵ء
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һ̫ţһ֧ͤһ̯Ź֣ɣɣһˮǰԵ̫ŵˮѾΪ׼ʱˡ

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ʹûڵĸְԪɣһЩҲ϶еġ
ȥΨһȥ˹ҲǻԪˡ
ǻԪС书ȻκͷԻǼһЩЩϼ޻֮޷ȡ
ʵûˣԪֻȽԪ˹
ԪſڣʵĵһְʦԼ̾˹
ʦ˼ʲôԸ
ԪһʦЩ£Ҫ˻ȥڴͻƵĹؼʱڣ޷뿪ʦȥһ˰ɡ
ϣʦʲô¶ʦֶ֤׵ףʦ岻ǻʼ𣿡
ԼͽڲŷӦԪҲΣ治֪лԪȥǲһȷľ
һҲǵǵصʦ֣Ԫ书Ȼû⣬ǳҲ̶ѨΪ˻λᣬֻҲΣأһǰȥĻ
ԪͷҲеɣԪȥ۽ʦܣǶ˹ͬǰȻʦ֣ǻ۽ǰԪĻ˳ʲô㾡ʦܵģԪλĪ书ǿš
ԭǰʦֶӵʵ۰
Ԫʱ˫۷Ź⣬Ȼ˺Уʱ仹̫̣ϲ֣ϲ£λȻǺܴĴˣ̾Ȥ޲ھͳɵȥ
ŻԪӣԪ滹ЩģϣԪ۽ĻҪ˲źá
ֽ۽Ҳ˹ԪǧһҪԴΪأֻҪܱ֤Ԫǻ鶼ʱƽϡ
ҲڴӦ۽֪ʼ֮µնĴӦԪϣ޲øϿȥ֣ΨʦȥȻҲڴӦ
ǵȹ۲鲻ǺܽԱ֤µİȫΪһҪ񣬵ΪʦǱһˣǰǡ
֮ԪָһЩҩǱ֮ãȻöȥ
Ԫ滹һŴ󻹵佻Ԫڸʵ۾
ʹô̫ҽβûʵۣѾǱ֮ˣ󻹵Ȼ棬Ҳܾȱ֮ˣԪֻϣʵڴ󻹵ҩ֮»عⷵһΣԪƻλͺãҲҪˡ
ԪˣһҲʱģȥˣԪڷԺڼ죬˾³˵賿׼ǰȡ


368 ɺ
֮Уڰ󶫷ٰס
ͰǰԼɣʵû
飬ǺֶԵУٰ׶ǵʲãҲ֪常ǸƢ϶õ飬˵ҲãķŹ㣬˸˵һŹ㣬ٰðʧǰȥ˵ʵ䷴򲻿ɡ
֤֤ͨͶĳԲŶ϶˵ģٰײŲȥǸüͷһһȵѡڼٰ׾ԲȥûȤġ
ƾ˵ƤӣٰҲ޶ԡ
Ҳ֪ƢεһŪã¾ͻᱻɱһҪ󶫷ٰΪ顣
ȣҲͿӻ˳ۣ˶УˣֻǶٰס
ҧҧԶٰ׵ʵڲΪ飬ôһʱ򣬿»˵һЩĻʱ򡭡
죡вң
²ңһ̣ƹܺȵҲܶˣЩЩ񣬶ڸڼʲôè֪֪µˣôܱ֤аŶġ
˵в֮в֮Ѿ¶š
ٰ׵ɫ࣬ݺݵضų졣
Ҫ˿£¼ǵã˵ҪŮˣҪŮˣԲͬɽ֮УϣܽȢŮˣǲģΪƺ
㶼֪ʲô
Ҳ֪ʲôʲôļ꾫һҲû˵ƽѰ¥Ůǿ£¸Ǵ֪
졭㣡
ٰ׵亹ðˣȷʵԼһŮ˽ӴЩŮˣǶٰҲɫжס͵ȣƽЩ̻֮Ҳûȥ
ǵöٰ׵һȥ̻֮ػ󣬾Ȼ˶ߣ˵Ů˷֬ζ͸˶ٰʮ⣬˫ͷۻڱѪ׼ƣڴҹŷŹ
Ժ󣬶ٰ֮ͣ꣬ͲסֳȥŮˣÿζƺŪ׵ģûöֶߡ
ڶٰ׻һúӣٰ׸ӲƻԼ常󣬳вҪˡ
¾ãӦȥΪ˵˵飬˵أ
Цٰ뿴ԼԼŲôҾˮʱʹ㲻ҲᱻһƤȥ첻¶ٰײЭ
ٰɫãðŵ죬Щ˵οΪȥ˵飬ҲһΣӴԺǸǷҲǰ˵ҵ¡
ģ²ǲˡ
ٰ״ӦˣﳤسһжٰΪԼ飬ԼС㱣סˡ
ԺǷô¼вٰףҪԼԺǷ񻹻Σˣȹǰ˵
ٰ׶ǰﰵ챰ɣлᣬһҪȥ
ٰÿоëûĵطҲ֪常ôġ
˵常Ҳ̫׵ٰ׺ܶʱڻɣ常ǲһŮˣ
˵Щӽ⣬κη涼һʮŮˣŮˣڴڱ常оؿں󣬶ٰ׸Ǽ˶ⷽĻɡ
Ƕٰײ˵һЩԣҲֻͰˣ˿Ҳұ¶
˴ǰٰûнȥǴٰ常밲
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ƺǰһЩЩǵζ
ٰ۹۱ǣǹۿڣģ˫ַ£ֱͦͦ˽һ˿
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˺ˣ֮仹˵ЩĻʲôɡ
ٰԱߵλϣ常㱨һ±ºȵĿ֧
˵Ժ󣬶ٰóһ׼õС
Ƕģ滷ɽֻһڣļ紺ʹ浽¡ʱڣ˴к裬ȷʵ˼澰һ۾;Ҫﴴɡ
֮˵ӣƾ趫ľ񹦣ȷչѸͣѾΪɽħ̺ἵһɣ˸ǵͷһʱ
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£ƺ㱨ϲˣŶٰһźȵĿ֧򦣬ϸĵ۾գգ͵ģƺҪ˯˼ˡ
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ٰСӦţȻ常Ǻ˵һЩĵ飬ɡ
ٰ˵Ȼһ㾫񣬳죬¶һѩ׵Сۣ滹һɫ˿ϵһ飬Ȼǵ£ôŶٰס
ٰײȥ常ԼˣͻЩӹ֬׷۵̻Ůˣɤӵ¼ңԪɴɹ˵ߣҪʼǿλˣ̫ʦҲҪɱس֧Ԫɵǻкܴϣ̳дͳԪ뱻ĴȱҪһˡ
Щͷİ˰֣˭ʵۣ⽭ǽûãǹϵ󣬲ᡣ
ٰһӣЩεؿǾͻһ⣬常Ǵһ䷽ɿҪˣʱ˾Ҫ³Աˡ
˰ɣΪʲôң
Ҳ֮ܶ࣬Ͷļ֮У캢常㱨֧ǳġ
ûбٰ׵תƻԻ󣬼ֶļɣ
ʵڶ㲻ȥˣֻٰӲͷƤɡ
ûõĶ
һڵ¶Ⱥ½˼ȣٰױ飬һҲǲ˵ˡ
µôŪӣһΪǸһиʲôôȻҽҵĽԷ磡
ƺ˼ٰЩżȫҲǱȫԼ̲סʵҲǳ²һ䣬ҲȷʵͨˣöԸ
һ䣬һ䣬ֶ䶼ˣһ䵽Ǹʲôˣ
ʣٰһʱ䲻֪ôش𣬿ҲܲشΪ˸̧һ䣬ȥ鼱֮еһ常࡭
ɫһ䣺˵ʲôҲࣿࣿ
ٰ׶ʱð亹֪˵ˣһŪÿ¾Σˡ
֮УԺһ常㳤òࡣ
Ŷһкҳò࣬Ȼ£
˲˫۷뵽ʲô顣


369 쳣
¶Ȥӣٰ΢һȻ常ⷽȤþ˳常Ļ˵һǺȷʵĺܿΣԼҲûѣͶԶ常ģǸһȻһУĴݰף£üְ˲ʣĿǣӣҡ
񣬵һͻȻʣǺǸӣС𣿡
ŶҲǣ;ˣǸͷǻŹʣܲã
ԽԽȤжߣ
ӦǱȺһ㡣
Ƥ𣿡
ԽԽЩףҲӦʵⰡ
ǼȻˣٰôҲǲҲشֻӲͷƤͦ׵ģҲôʣȻǺлף϶һȺɫٱӣӹɵġ
ٰ׵ĻȻ֪վڴĿʼⲽ
ÿ˼ʱ򣬾ͻصߣٰ׿һ常ԽΣֵͷˣܾãԽ常Խúܹ֣Щ꣬常һŮ˵ķչٰǻʱʱĳһЩŹ˵ͷһԼ졣
һȻ˶ٰ׵ԱߣٰףΪļЩᣬһ󡣡
ٰ״Ӧţ˶󣬳쵽ǰٰں滺󶯼ͷ
Ĳ޳ɫĳڴ¶һ򲿷֣Բȫ˸Ӳٰţ̲סһڿˮ
Ǵһ˿Ц⣬Զٰ׵һȥҲΪλװϲ常ӣ˵Ҫ³Աأ
ٰ̲סͷҲȥֻõȻǺȣ常£һ䵽һȻ常ΪԺҲͲһܵˡ
˿öٰĸһЩ
ҲҪ˵̫ˣȻѾΪɣôһ֮󣬾Ͳ常һ˵ˣ޼ͳǶ֪ҶΪа̵飬ǿ϶֧ˣԴ常ûоԵİտԽ־֮⡣
ٰû˵޼˵ĸĶ֣Ƕ޼ϵܺãǶԶ̫ð
۶ôӡ
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ٰ׵Ļһ˿죬ڿЦСӣ常֪˼㲻ǵĳǸУôʲô
˼ٰЩΪصҲޡ
̫żˣ常Ҳһ뷨һһ䲻ǿ֮ģô常϶ᾡֹ˵ģʹˣ常Ҳһ˰ɡ
л常
黹ת̴ٰϲ
ضлˣúЩӶûô˯á
ǣ常ġ
ٰϼͣڶļ󶯣ĽǶĿ£·żƶ䣬ܿ常ǰ͸ļǰ΢΢¡𣬿ϴι治ԼĴ常Ȼ󣬵ĺǲͬˡ
ٰ׺ܶʱ򶼻룬常ĴŮװǻһʲôģ
ǿŹֵͷٰĸĦ򣬳Ÿ顣
ǻû˵˼䣬ͻȻ
常ôˣ
ؿ˺þã΢ͣһ㣬ڿڣһ˿īɫѪ
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ɫĳһ˦תȥֱ߹磬ȥǸصң˶ٰһıӰ
³ߵʱ֣ӥ˾ʮ֮⣬ʼ䡣
һܵĿޣԪĹٴһСȵԾһǰǿ˴Լ֮һ
Ҫֻ֪һܵһԪѾ쾳磬˾޴ĽѾǿ漣ˡ
ڻþգԪ˺ܶࡣ
ƻ³ģǻԪһ룬³žһһȵλԼԮЩǰȥܲһЩɽɣȡüͬ˵֧֡
ԪѾһЩ㣬һԶΪ׵ϵһ޼Ϊ׵ĸϵ
񶫷ħͷ϶ҪԸԼģԪȻֶβ٣Ͽ»ǶĶ֡
붫ԿֻԼҪȡ޼һ
ϧշ޳뺦ԼԼɵˣȻ˴ο϶˳ܶࡣ
ûھҪԪëԼˡ
³߾ˣҲһ죬´
ȷȥߵ˴Լһľ֮⣬ܿǰĹ㳡յˡ
ΪڵأǰǺܴģƽﾭʿǰһЩҲҪطͣŵġ
һһȵλǰǳˮеİ׵ۣƿɱĽۻƴˡ
ͺĳһߵǰͣҲһֱƴǰĹ㳡Ҳࡣ
ֱżʣװεĽ̻Ի͵ȱȽǣЩĽʿԪͿյģҰţģһϣһֻ޴ģҲ֪˭Ūġ
ģҲǾͳһװһɫƥ뿴ȥ󲻴
ԪǰģǶһݶ
·ǰȻҲͲӣԱ߲ʱһƥƥӹЩԪһֱۣѡԵĺˡ
г˳úÿҲûʲô˲ġ
ԪҲںôֻһֱȵſȥ
񶫷޼Ϊ˷չԼ˺ܶˣ£Լ£ÿ˵ɣֻܶ˵ӣڹ㳡Ϊ
ǰĸĵطΪǴһɵĩɶУԪҵɵıطҪ߹ȥ
ʱͻȻ˽еǰ˿ֵһ䷽ɣ


370 
ԪȻ˶Լ˵æͷֻվһʿû
ƶɮһ䣬֪ǣ
Ȼһ䷽ɣˣ֮ڴ˵Ⱥһ䷽ɶʱˡ
޼µˣһ㶼ƺ޼ֱӽġ
ˡ
ȻԷֱҵԼǻԪҲֵʡģԼȥ˼ˡ
ûһ䷽һ𣿡
Ǹ´ûпա
Ԫ治ɫصôϻû𣿡
һ仰Ѿ˺ܶ˼˵˹ûкԼһһ˵˹Լһ뿪ġ
Ԫųǻ϶˵ɽµΪ˵Ҳû˻ţǼڹŹε¹֪˵Ҳʲôʵ顣
Ԫ˵Ǹûʣǵǿܹʲô鵢ˣҲصˣ֪һ䷽ɿڸ㿪֤
Ѿˡ
ǾͺãȥƶȣѾȺ·Ӣ۶ʱˣġ
Ԫ˵Ĵ£һ·ߵɱ
ĩﱨˣϾһɳһڲرѣ˿˹һֻҪһ֣һֻ۱һֻ۵ľͷŽˣǱߵ˺ܶࡣ
˾رˣϾҳڵɻûжٵģ˶ѡ
ɺһſȸһ˶ûС
ʾ֤ȵ˼ϸ֮󣬾ͷŻԪȥˡ
չأÿһɵڹڶһСԺסݣԪҲ⣬ںڵСԺѾźˡ
·ϵʱ͸߻ԪĸԺģǲûдȥȥֱ޼
ԪĴڵطԼڵկɽҪһЩ̨ͤ¥󣬵Сˮ羰ݴпɼҰã߲ʱ߲ʺ裬ů紺Ȼסıأͬ졣
ԼȥķǶߣߵǰʯ·
ʯ·ֱͨڵĵط޼ڵĵط
߱ߵһ䷽ɣڣûòҪߣֻжĹϽΧڣĵطǶĹϽΧƽﶫµЩ˲ᵽǶҲķȥէҾƶ֪ƺͶЩ飬óȻȥߣ䷢ֵĻѱ˲㰵֣ò
лѣƶɮˡ
¾ͺãסˣڶ򣬶˾Բﶯ㣬ǳΧͲ֤ˡ
һ˵һ߱ȻţԪҲνĶһȦľ޴ΧҲиַᣬ޼Χ
ⶫڣҲռ˴Լķ֮һһǷ羰õĵطԪԶԶؿڣԶɽߣһƬӦˮ̶ɽ֮ϻһˮֱ£Ȼһٲ
ǵȷ羰õط޼Χ֤ںڣȻ޼ĺǻ޷ҡͳλ
Ԫûмưֶʮ˶Щ棬֪ǶǺεˣ
¿˿ΧˣŶԻԪɣȣ֪ܶһĻǲҪ˷ʲǣƶʦҲȽͶԵ˵һ˵
Ԫ΢Цʲô鶼Լһ飬ԼȴܺҴӦ
Ԫûпӣ֪ԷʶԼ˼Ҳ죬Ǽһħͷɱ˲գۣЩϵ˹Ѿ򣡡
Ԫһ£ɱ˹һʲô
ƶûпţʮǰʱһѪսһսУסһխɽȳڣȻɽըҩƾ񹦣Ӳǽ漯ᣬǧ˻Ķɽ棬ֱըҩǧʬ޴氡
ԪҲΪ֮ݣû뵽ⶫ˺ݶ
ûɽɱݽ߱ȱȽǣָֻһЩˡ
ƽʱλú󣬸Ĺڳ겻Ҳÿλʱ֣λʱ򶼲ˣܶ鶼Ӷٰ״Ϊ棬ƶǵϴμǰˡ
ŶΪȻ˲£Ҳλòȡ
񹦸ܺĵλЩľӪʵ
˵ʶԼĻЩˣЩ־Լˡ
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˵ǴŻԪǰУ޼ĸǰ
ԪҲٷʣıһ·ǰС
һ·һ¥ǰ
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ڣѾȵˣԪ沢ϲȵоЩð΢ĳһ㣬ĵصȴ
˼һ޼Ӧô
Ԫļƻʱ޼ԿĵѣԼ˳֮󣬾ͽŻ˷̫ľ벻õ޼ΪԪ˵Ŀ꣬Ϊϵͳгһġ
棬λԶ䵽Լͷϡ
Ҫ޼ãԼǴ˼мĳ߶ȸô󣬾Ҫúõ˼һˡ
˴ԼСʱͻȻƫŴһˬʵЦ
ֵһ䷽ˣϷ򿴿
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ֻһĸߴĴ󺺣ӣӣлĴƫ߳ǵϹϾĸ󣬶ŻԪɫ˼ˡ
ӷλ޼ʩˣƶɮһ䣬ˡ
Ԫ˫ֺʮ˸ס
޼̬ȣԪѾ˾ϣʩǽҲеġ
˾ֱӽ޼ôԪҲͺЩ֮ûʲôˣԪ治ô
丱޼Լڹֻ»𵽷ЧȥԼ˵ݣֱӽʩΪá
޼Ԫ˳ƺ΢΢Щ㵣Ҳһ˲䣬ɫ͹Цһ䷽ܺͷ湵ͨˣһȻʢ֮ʿţϲ裬׼ϯϷҪһ䷽һݣ
޼ĻԪ۾΢΢зһ£ȻҪԼȾƣû뵽ȣһԼĲǶ޼


371 ˳
ӷ𣬶лʩ⣬ƶɮӲƣֻҪʩʧˡ
⴩ͷɲ᲻ĳӰɣ
޼˵ƴֺȴɱơ
ʩ򲻿ɣƶɮ޶겻ƽ䣬ڴƽĻֻ·ʩһˡ
ɵ治ĳӣ
޼۾ɵϴֱضŻԪ棬Щˡ
Ԫܸо޼ƣ˵ĹƺԼĲҲˣ֣ʵ϶Լ֮ϡ
ǻԪԼ׼Ҳ޼㡣
ʩӣɨҷӣһǺУӵҪԻǷֵģʩ¡
ԪؾܾԼ飬޼û˵ôŻԪ濴
Ԫ룬ܿɱңƶɮ书Ҳˣ㿴ɡ
ɱȻԪƵᣬ޼һͻȻֹЦһ䷽ɹȻ˿ֱܱģѵãѵð
ԼĴϣ޼ĳֻǺͷɿЦˣϾɵ̫ᣬĳҲĻС֮ð䡣
ʩɻ𣿡
һз㵨ɫĳȻǲõˡֻիĳͲŴʦˣ滹һЩμ˵ͬҪĳȥ㡣ի˾ðɡ
лʩȫƶɮʤм
޼ĻԪ滹˲ԼѾ̬ȣ޼ҲԼǻԪ治ӵı֣ˡ
ҲϻԪ⣬޼ߵ̫ĿꡣҲ˳¿ֱӦ
ֺ˼䣬޼뿪˸¥
ԪĿ޼뿪΢΢̾Ϣһϣ޼ڶǰȫԼɡ
޼ˣ̬Ҳ䵭ͬԪ򵥵س˵㶫ʹŻԪȥСԺ
ɡĵȴǾ³ˣԵɶμλ½ɻҪˣʱȻ㡣
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סҪܣȻǻĻ˭ҲȲ㡣
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͵ͿɽŪùϵ˼ʹˣҲ泤ãֵȥύˡ
ԪСԺ֮תһȦԡ
Ԫ沢СԺڣò˺ȣӦóȥ߹䣬޼ĸ룬Ԫ滹Ǵͷ
ܲ鷳ǲҪ鷳ĺá
׽гɣʹƽʱҲȡһЩЧԪɴСԺڵķһֱ죬ȵ³ٳȥμλ顣
Ǹո»ûӣԺʹ˵
һ˵ԪҲͲˣ˵ļ˷˵
С
Ϊ콣ŵڵĳϣ콣˹պĴҲڵһɡ
СĴĵӣȻҲ콣ŵһԱ
޼һϵˣ콣ںڵסȻҲ޼ߡ
ڵɶҪλСΪ콣ŵĵӣʱҲ֡
һԪĸ˵ĸоԣŹ׷ɱǣǱԼȣѪħͼ飬ҲȸԼġ
ھڻԪⲻԶ˵ƾԪĹǵ̸
ʦ֣˵ʦǲĶˣ
Сʦׯ٣ʦֺԶʦСʦܲУ˵ǶˮУС֮ĩ
ׯٵӦòмˣʦ岻ѾȥŻʦԮ˵˶ɽʣһˡ
мҲ̫˼ˣʦôߵĹ򣬶Ѿˣλ£ѵµĺ书ĸߵǸ̶ȣڶܹɱ
ʱʦˣûʲô˼ģɱңɱ㣬ڽɼġ
ֵǵǻһȹҪҪأ
еĻ˵꣬ʣļ˶ĬˣҪҪһ䱨Ҳ֪
ԶʱȥĻӦҲ˳ɡǲ˼ҵĶ֣ο˵ʦѾƼ𡣿ɼʦѾ˾ϡ飬ðʧȥһ䱨ֻ»ỵʦ¡
ʦׯֵȥֵĳѾˣҾ˵һҲѾ˺ȡʦͶʦΪʲôû
ѽǾ³šʦǲܲģ궼ľ͵콣žʣʦ滹жʦڡλ֪ôŪأô᲻òǳ˰ɣ
˵꣬ԶͷԣڻʦĸҲڣʦȥʦĸˣܴչڵĸ֣콣Żܱ֤һɵλá䵽ĩ֮С
ʱׯҲ̾Ϣһ콣ŵǺεȻԻͣڵһɡϧµסɶҪʦĸŮ˼ҳˣǱ
˵һ̾п塣
еλʦ֣˵ʵڻЩ⽭Ҫһǵɶܱס롭һᡭ
Ļû˵꣬ׯѾӿڵ˳ǰɣʵΪҲЩˣУ޼£ЩϦĸо˵һͱɵˣڸʦûˣҪлᣬҲ˳
ׯ˵꣬ԶҲ׷ױʾԸ˳ҪһλĽʦ滹ܻôǾ£ʦĶˣҲû塣
˵֪ԪСԺ棬Ϊ˵Ժ䡣
֪˵ȫһһ䵽˻ԪĶС
ԪţҲЩп
һ޴ɱ¾ֻл˺˵ʱˣȷʵЩ롣
СϣעҪˣȥ书ѾΪ˷һٳˣ콣Ѿȡλˣû˵ʸ
Ƕǵ;֪ԪҲǷǳοԼɼȻҲԲ⽭֮дתġ
дԪɴ˴Ժſڴš
λʩ
ׯٵ˵ͻȻԺſˣһһȻһ䣬Щ֪롣
Ѿȥһ䱨ˣһƫƫֳԼ˵ǰǸ֪ˡ
λʩǵ̸ƶɮѾˣ˵ϣЩƶɮҲݣһҪȰλ뼸λ˵ɡ
С໥һۣӶԷ￴һ˿õϢ
һˣԼʦ滹û֣һ˵ЩˣԼʦ棬Ĳܻˡ
ǵǻκء
ͷת˸Ǽᶨ˳˼ׯԹһЦȻʦдͽֵ̣ܼȻҪˡ


372 ;Ȫ
ԪСԼڣ˵
λʩƶɮҪ˵ǵʦʦͬһ뿪ģǻˣǵʦȴûлҲҪи׼ǵʦĲܻҲ˵
Ԫ˵ĻҲȷʵǺͳһ뿪ģˣû
ڹԼ£˵ҲͽǷǣ˵Ҳա
ׯٵ໥һۣû˵ǲû׼ֻǲ֪ȥδӡ
ɣ֪ʦͶʦ嶼ô콣ŲҪ˵һˣֻĩɵλöûˣ˶ǲȥ˵ģɶǽȽܿˣֻЩ˵ɣŻʹȥˣԼʹǵʦĸڣҲûˣҲˡ
ƶɮŽмλи׼ء
ʱʦǾ͵ȴĽˣʦǾһжʦģʦ涼ˣôҲûµıҪˡ
ǵģǸʱҲֵܼͲˡ
Զ˵һ䣬һЩ˸У治뿴Ľġ
Ԫ΢ЦҲ˸Уƶɮ֪ǽˮ˼ãݺݡǺͷϸ꣬ˡܳþס帣Ҳһ£ƶɮɼҲԸ⽭ء
ԪԼˡׯҲлʦ⣬ҵֵҲòŲ֮ˡһգǵڽϽ®ӣʱ򶨵ʦǰ͡
ӷաƶɮȻǰ
ڼ˵ԤԪҲиˣ³һ⼸Ҳͻ˳Ӵңء
Ѿעܵõֽ֣ԪĽǡ
Сһ󡣻Ԫ淢ǼʵҲвŻΪСǽĲѧҲܳڣ̸һЩʫʸ踳Ӱټң˵Ҳͷͷǵ
Ԫ汾ǴԽ֮ˣʶѧȻһܱȵģҲ£ڸ̸ۣϺļƣһʱȻ˹ɶɣת֮͵˻ƻʱ֡
ڹ߷СʶѾʱ򣬷׷ǡ
׳ŵԪƣѾƸ߸裬һΡ
˵ʵԪĶ󣬴Ҳûƽ䣬ûʹһعƽʱǽĸߣ롰˹ˡظƣҲķһԼ
ĶĶԪԥǾܾջԵ顣
ԼܻףЩʹ⻰ڻ˵
ԪܾˣСȥǻȥȾˣǷ£˳̬ɣ·Ѿ˼꣬ĻԪҲиж

Ժ󣬻ԪһڴϣȴôҲܾˡ
Ǿ³ߣ繳ǹ˸֮ǰǼҹո͸ûԪ治ԾЩ
ˣů紺ķƺٻԪȥߡ
Ԫڴһ̾ȻЩձĸо
ϰٺһҲţȫû˼
ҸղŲĶԾƵ裬ûԪģʹȾƣҲóȥɢɢģҹɫʵһ޴ľ
߾ߣԪҲ޼ĸ룬ԼṦҲı˷֡
ʰʰԪ뿪ڣ߳Ժӡ
ʱ滹߶ԪҲŶ·벿ȥ
һѾ˶ߵıԵ֡
Ԫ浽Ҳûֱͣӳ˶
޼ȻǺڵ羰һߣԪѾȥλԶˮ⴦
ٲˮ̶ҹɫ֮¿϶Լȥɢɢá
λںȱԵΧһﶼûУҲˡ
֮󣬻Ԫʯ·һһԣ֮С
ֵ֮ȴһѾڵĲˣ·ҲûˣԪŴĽ仺ǰС
ڲʱѲߵĻ߹ԪߵĲ죬ͣͣ
ƾṦԪܻܶѲ飬һ߳˽ܼ
һԪͺ׺ɽ¼٣֮Ϸӣ뽨ԽԽԶ
ṦãһѾɽֵشǰˮ̶ٲѾңң
ϲ¼٣һʱ䣬Ԫˮ̶ٲĸ
֮£ˮ沨ԡԪŬоĿ
ɽһˮ̶Ѿߡ
ףﻹһɽȪ
Ԫ澪ط֣ˮ̶ԶһɽȪγһССˮݡ
ŲӿԪ澹ȻоԽ߽Ȼһɾ˱ǣ
ɻѰһ󣬻Ԫŷ֡㾹ȻǴɽȪ֮зġ
澰ɽȪȻܷ㣬Ҳ֪һʲôԭ
ԪΧɽȪתתͻȻͻ룬ԼҪҪɽȪˮأ
ղŲеûԪ
ԼǳˣƣɲǾưɢȪˮһȪ
ⲻǾƣԼҲƽ䣬ֶܽΪأ
˵׻һ꣬ԪĹﻹеΪԣԼȷʵȾƵ˼;ȪԼҳǻ̫ûˡ
Ԫ潫·죬СĶ׵Ȫϣ˫һȪˮͷ͵ߣһʱ˱ǡ
о
ҲˣԪſڽһȪˮȥ
һͷȻǾƣǾƵȴʵʵڵģԪֻоµĺë׶ڸ質
˷ɣʲôˣѾ˾ζһھȪ븹Ѿʤȴ˼
ˣһҲǺȣȸҲǺȣƶɮվͲˣ
ʱԪҲſˣٴһȪˮȥ
һڻ񫣬һλǲ񫣬Ԫɴſ˾ȪıϣͬҰ޺ˮһ㣬ֱӶȪˮʹ
Ȫˮʪͷ·
Ũľ˱ǣԪһУζ
Ҳ֪Ȫôһ£оƵζһоƵĶһȻܵͣǺȶ˶ǻġ
Ԫ澡ܣҲûڹȥ߻һ򣬾Ѿɫ죬֪ؾȻЩˡ
̫ˣȪˮȻ񡭡һʵһܰ
˺ð죬ԪŴӾȪ潫ͷ̧
һԪֱ泯ҹգɮ۵ֱĨһ̲סٺٵЦ
ԼҲ֪ǲ˷𷨵ĿӣȪˮƽ䣬Լˣѵð
㣬ʢ⣬ʥͽԼįΨСΨ
Ԫӿͬһƹһ㣬ҡҡλεվҹգͰ͵гǰ󲻴ʫ䣬ַһصĸо˵ĳ죡


373 Ů
ҡҡλεԪŤŤǰߡ
ͷЩ磬ָоǾΥˡ
繳¹⽫ԪӰɽĺܳƮһǳһŵģߵ˵⡣
Դ磬û
ҹԼһˣȪѵһʹʧ̬ˣҲ±˿Ԫޱȵķɡ
ǰˮ̶ˣԪҪˮ̶ıһɮǲǻŪ࣬˭Ǹڿ֮С
ˮ̶һ紵Ԫһվסĸо
Ͼߣʹ˹ֿҲڱ
÷羡Ĵһ˦ɽ֮ҡҡλΣƫƫͲ£˷ȥ;û·û·
ĻЩĵģתһȦûеԪָմ¹⣬ҫҼ磡硭磬
վҡεЩңûվȣԪˮ̶ߡ
Ҳ֪ҪҪһ£ûʹеֻʹ졣
ʹЦʹҲԿޣԪˣ֪۽ǾȻЩʪ
غһڣص³һڣɤЩɬĿЩµûš
󣬾޷κһ˳̸£ҲԼĻϵͳĿʱоܽʱȴоЩңңڡ

ƽʱˣΪʲôƻỳǰأ
Ҳκϵ͵ǸԼԼΪһ֪ǰ֪࣬ҲþǸ
ɣٺ٣ҾȻһɣ
Ц۽ǵʪƺЩ˼֪Ϊʲô
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֣ȥһ۽ǣڿܻûҲֻһ㣬㣬ģԼǺú
ֱճŲݵϵŻҳ۽ǲã£ӵģ
Ҫϴϴϴϴͺˡ
·ߣԪڲݵϷȦֱӹˮ̶ϣˮо񫣬ɴͬھȪ֮һˮ̶ҡΣˮɽ

͵شˮ̶̧ͷûѣǾӿҡΣԺǻ磬Ѿģģˡ
ãˡҲ
Ԫ۾ǰǰˮ߲Զһ˫ӰĲǺ
˭
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ŮһϮ£ٲĺɫȻĴһļͷ£ʩ죬ü֮һѵõӢŷľ
ǸСԪǲˣɴֱһƨŮ㡭ĸɵĵӣȻҹ
Ӧǰȵĳɵĺ󱲣ҲͬԼһ㣬˴ɫҹɡ
Ůһʯϣ˫Լĳһ˫ǳ۾ŻԪ棬΢΢һ㣬ȴû˵
ô㺦ºİ˵𣿡
Ԫ潫Եһ£֧ŵ棬Էûлش𣬸ɴͲڵϣͷǸŮ㲻ءصģǸУ˺ģȻҺ
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ŮŻԪ棬û˵ǴԱߵʯͷһʲôˮ̶ϴϴȻժһţذƤ
ԪȻģǶ˵ľܽܿŮǰһ֦
ȻŮӲֹŽ񣬶ϲʳģŮǰҹˣܵһ߿羰һ֦߳
ŮոſСҪ֦ŽȥͻȻע⵽Ԫ澼Ŀ⡣
ٴδһ˿Ц⣬ŮԻԪȻһ£˼ѯʻԪҪҪԡ
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Ůָһǿֱ֦Ԫ߶Ԫһ죬ֱ֦ڡ
ڼ˿˿ĸûԪһ˲䶼۾
ţð绯ֻռ壬ҹǺ£϶
һ֦ڣ㣬Ԫ̾ѹֻԭǵˮ̶ߵ֦
ڵչ֫ţԪ޷ȵҸ硣
ŮµؿڵϵĻԪ棬Ҳ֪ΪԪʫ䣬ΪǺݲĴΪ
Ԫһʲôصˣղŵַ֦Ӧǹ򲻴
̧ͷ˿ʯͷϵİŮǻԪȴоԷʵʵ
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ŮҲ̧ͷ죬ֽ̧һ֦ŵС
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Ҳ֮ˣӦҵĻɣ
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ѵ㲻˵
Ůһ£ͻȻס촽ŻԪصص˼ͷ
̫ϧˡ
ԪﲻΪŮƽΪʲôһƯĹȻһŮأ
ʺգӦþ˰ɡ
֦ȥԪŮģƶɮ񡭡ճ֦һ׳ԵģҶѰҩҽȡָ˵
ŮЦŵͷС˫°һϸ΢Ļȣ΢΢ҡҡͷԪĻ˼
ٴһ֦͸Ԫ棬Ԫȴ־ܾˡ
öɶãõĶˣʧȥζ
ԪûҪŮջ֣ȻָһԼ۽ǣԪ档
Ԫɻ̧ĨһԼ۽ǣͻȻһ˿δɵ۾Ȼ۽Ǵ
û뵽Ůع۲΢ȻڰҹܿΣһԼЩˡ
Ԫ治ںŮǸŮǲԱ˵ãûԪúܰġ
ͻȻԺһԼĵһУ˿ȥߣˮ̶żŮЩǲǿԺ˵أ


374 ̶ɫ
й©ԼܵŮһ𣬻Ԫоޱȵķɡ
ҡһܡ
ԪţǰȻ£µһ䣬׼ֽлԪ棬֪ҴһšҲпҼǵϱӵ¶㣬˵ʲô𣿡
Ů΢΢ҡҡͷ
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ûкȹƣûŪ·ĻҲûжԱ˽ʹǡǣҶû˵
Ůš
ҵ뱾󣬵ֲòЩЩڱңͺҸ㰡ǲҲǸͿΪ˰Ǹ쵰ӣ͡ҪԸҡ
ԪûпŮı飬ԹԵصҿţҲһƵıˣ书һУȻ죬Ҳ˵˲飬ƽʱˣܶ˵˶֪ʲôӣֻ֪߸ϵķʩרȥˡ
˵ǱߵŮ¶һ˿ãı顣
Ԫ濴һۣЦұҪ˵ţô˵˵˵ȥˣֲЩ£ֻһСҹӦñһСʮɡ
Ů΢ЦţЦݺһ˿Ϸʡ
ٺ٣϶ǱҲˣĵӻ󣬾Ȼһߣ϶סڶϽڵİɣ
ŮٴεͷʾԪ˵ˡ
һǵģҲǸոȣ㲻ҪߣҸ㣬ںʲô˶У㻹СһЩ
գ۾Ůüһ£ƺЩӡ
ҪҪΪŻ㣬Ȼ֦ͦ׼ǲǹ򡣡
ԪҿҲûôѧϰڹûڹûôܶԸˣסһȥ
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ǡǲȥҲУһҪûˣҪ˵ĻԼܡ
Ϊ֤ԼԪҡҡλεվӵһʯͷȻˮȻһ£ƽŽʯͷ˳ȥ
ʯͷӴˮ棬Ѹٵĵǰһ㣬£ٵ𣬴һ
һߡɣһʯͷܴʮˮɲһģɣ
ԪûʹڹԼ¶һС֣СѾͷˡ
Ů¶Ȥ飬Ҳһʯͷˮ˳ȥ
ǶȲԣʯͷֱˮͨһ
ԪʱЦˣҲûʲôʿȣЦļᡣ
ŮɫЩ죬޵İ˻ԪһۣٴһСʯͷ˳ȥһģˮˡ
Ԫ濴ˣŮƺûѧϰڹҶˮƯϷҲûǵص㲻аɣҸ㣬ҪվУ㿴ҵġ
˵԰һһʯͷ˸ͣˮ˳ȥ
Щ󣬻Ԫʯͷ֮ͷؽᣬҡ£һƨ˵ϡ
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Ľ¾ȻûдЬӣ¶һ˫ϸĳ㣬ϻϵһɫ˿ߡ
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Ůˮ̶ߵɳ̲ϣͷѡѡѡһƽʯֵ˼£ԻԪ¶һŵЦݣ˼ûԪ濴ˡ
Сһ˦ҲܴһŮûеĺŸоʮ㡣
ȻȻԪСˣȻһαȽϳɹҲֻǴĸˮ
Ҳǳˣ˷֣ܵȻŤͷȥԪ棬дϣ
ܿ졣
Ԫ䣬ŮȻ˵ȴܶԼƢûһŮŤ󣬸˵ĸоɡ
ŮȻϲϷȥ˼Сʯͷָ˻Ԫ漸Ȼ֣ȴȥһ飬ϴεĳɼҪһЩ߰˸ˮ浴
С˼ҵģ
ԪҲվӳȥһûöֻǴʮҵŮĳɼࡣ
ϣŮ˷ܣһεӳʯͷ
һһ飬ԪãһֻˮŮɹ
ʤһΣŮЦһ£ûзǿĵӾԲġ
ıƴûӳ֣ȫƾ輼ɣʤҲԵ
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ԪԵŮ̫ˣӮˣڵĻԪ棬ɳ̲˯һ
ŮʣСʯͷ˳ȥҲڻԪߡ
ˣһ㲻ҪܣҾ˯һСȻȥ
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㲻˵ǿϧ˵Ҳǿһ̸ֱء
죬Ҫȥٲ濴ûˮԪ˵ţؾͱ۾
ˮ̶ߵɳ̲ůһů紵Ԫչ֫ɱκһˡ
һ򣬻Ԫƺ˯˹ȥ
ŮϵЦʧˣ۾ŻԪ档
ƻֿ̧˿ԪĶͷ۾һ˿ԥ
֪ԼΪʲôԥôͣ˺þá
ڣϸĵ۾ˣ΢΢̾ϢһȻƾ
ʱ򣬻ԪͻȻһ£Ժ۾ŮԼߣһ䣺Ҫܣ˯һȥһҪһҪһܹ˵
˵꣬Ԫٴα۾ǳ˯ȥˡ
Ůһ£Ѿַ
ϥ˫ֱϥͷϥϣɫڷз裬ŮͷŻԪ棬ϸ١
ȷʵĺܺÿ˯зϸ΢ǳëʱĶһ£ϵɮѾŪˣҲ֪ûл컹ܲܳˡ
ҹ꣬Ҳо˴ûйĿġ
ԭ˵Ŀģõġ
ŮЩ˺þãǻվ
һѡ񲢲ףŮ˫°͸߰һЩˣηκˣҪϷȥ˭Ӯҡ
ʣǿ֦طŵУŮȹǣ뿪ˮ̶
۵ĳ£Ȼûɳ̲½ӡ
ŮȥԪһָֻֻ֪ожԾսһ㡣


375 ֮
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޼ӵǱߵ֪ͨټоԲߡ
Ϊ˵ĸӦǺ飬ǣһѾûڹڳ¶ˣȻǶ֪һֱǸȴ
żټĳȥ飬Ҳʱ̣ܶͽ
ΨһҲǶٰȥʱ仹΢һЩƽҲҪ²ȥһΡ
ʵȥãڣ޼˵ǶٰҲǲԸȥġ
ĺϲŭ޳ǳģɱ˾ͺͲ࣬ҶʵҲʵǿ޼ȻѾﵽڶ壬Զһɲĸо
ǸҲɭɭģ͹ݶ࣬ûԸȥ
Լ£޼ЩԾԼѾǾˮˮž½ѡأѵڶ֮仹ʲô˵
Ͼǿ϶ҪȥģȰ¶ټһ£ʲôıơ
޼ʣ˼һЩԥصʱǺﲢûгͻҲûʲô񣬶᲻Ϊ½˵飿
Աһ˽ӿڵɣ½ɶǷ̵ģʹʲôͬҲƾһ仰һõģֱܴ治ɣ
޼Ҳ˰ֱ֣治ᣬڴֱ棬ôڳϻȻû˵
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˵꣬ԱߵҲ׷׵ͷ
ּ޼ߣ޼Ҳвͬ
ΪΪǶҪɣΪһ½ĽɣͶǰ˺ʵǡ
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Ϊ֣ô־Ϳ϶صĸԼΪǰͶԡ
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ȻԼߣǺԺԼЩµĳ̶źܴľ룬ԼҲǲô
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ֺһҲû뵽ֵĿܣ޼ǰ
ſڵ͵õ֪ͨ޼Ժһ·ͨ裬ֱӽ˴ڡ
޼ڴڹ⻪羵ĵϣŵԼĵӰⶫķͬһħͷȴʼձֵ˸ɾΪһˣЩȷ漸κĶҪá
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޼ǰǶĶʩ񣺡޼Ӣĳ£ǧأһͳ
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ȻһĽ£ͷʿӢӣǶƺǰÿһЩ
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ڵĶƤϸۣϸӲƺЩģˣȻһװȴ޼һŮװĸо
˵û̫ı仯ԴԵζ
ȷϣǰˣ϶Ƕ
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ģֵܣѾǾ³ˣһһȵλѡҪһЩ˵飬Ҫһ¡
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˲˵ֵܣ˹˭˵㣬ҶҲͺ˵ɣɽ£ɲˡ
޼΢΢һЦȻˣ֪ΪжȻ㲻ˣԸ
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һߣа̣ǵĽ壬ƻܱߣںϳưԣַɱܵˣ
˵ĳЩˣ֪һʴӺ˵𣿡
ֵĪڱǰװͿˣһôɽٰ׵δǿ°ߣٰ׻跹˼ɨأѵֵ֪ܲ𣿡
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޼˵ţ߿ŶɫԷɫԽÿԽġ
˵ɨһ£ĳΪҲףȸҵˣΪʵ飬˵ɨأ
Ŀ޼ͶһЩֵסĺֶĪʹɱ֣ΣԼĿɾԩˣ˵׾Ϳˣ̫ɨӡ
һǱ˵ֻҪˣô˵ɣֵأ
ɣ
޼Цһĳֻ֪ɣǿһڣʵΪͨܺȣ˵񲻡
»û˵˼Ѿˣ㶫ԸҪóһ
϶ɫһ䣺Ը̰ᣬĪʲôòվͼͣ
˻һ޼һ㶣ͷˣȻϲŭ޳
ߣȻ˰裬ôͱԵĺˣ˻붨ˣұɣʱһͷ㶫ͷۣ


376 ڵĳȡ
ٰʱÿ޼ߺߵ˳ȥ
ٰף޼͸ʲôɫˣĿֶһۣмȥ
ʱٰ׾һ޼̬ȣ϶常ˣ޼ˣ常ûðɰ
һ뵽ܷӣٰ׾һ
ԼĿ治ʱ
κ常٣ҲҲֻڽ֮ǰݷǧҪüͷ常ʰ
ϻ̳ϿֵĽͷ˱ǰ
û뵽常ԺټǻɣþЩˡ
ٰ̧ͷֻͷһߵķ֣Ҳһߵķִ˱ϡ
СŻڲͣµţӦ˵ʱ
ѵ常õʱ򣬶ٰ׼æ常쿴ȥ˶ˣһ˷ϲ¾ˬ֪ʲôϲ£öҲһ֡
ûǲͷ˶ٰһۣҲ޷ֻһı常ÿİˡ
ٰ㶣Ͳ׶˵ʲô˼
£һ죬ٰһȻһѵĿӣš
ĺ𽭺ྐྵӣöٰЩ߸Ĵ常񲻴ͷ
ʱֵأҲûʲô£ȥһ£׼֮ڿ֪ѡʲôλúá
Ļٰ׸ɶͷԣǰԼ˵Ūûͬ⣬ô̫߳ˡ
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ŪһȦĴɣ۴ʲôǶȣܿҹգͿˡ
һ䣬ת뿪ˣǴһѿӡ
Ԫ淵סʱڷǰڰʱ
ȷʵȵеǾȪңȵе̫ˣֹԼŹ֡
ҹļ䣬ôˡ
ԼһŮһ˵ŮͷβǸŮû˵һ仰Լһֱ˵ܾúܾûԪ涼û˵ôĻˡ
Ǿ嶼˵ʲôԪҲǵˣΨһǵõģ˵ҪŮָ˵
˵Ĳ˵ĲȷҪǿʱﻹһ֦ԪЩϵǼˡ
Щ΢΢ԺɲˣϵŮԼдĻôԼѾһʬˡ
ǿ֦ԪֱֳԵˣǷŮ֦
ֻŮ֪ʲôʱ뿪ˣûԪһЩģǱϾѾˣҲû취ֻǳǰĺڰԼס
صס֮󣬻Ԫ潫·ϴһ£ɹ棬ȻסϢ
ʱ֣Сٴá
һǲǿֶģǴĲˣ⣬оƣҲרΪԪ׼իˡ
ɣһǿҪ߶һˣի˺Ĳ裬ֵܳǵǵľƣǽúġ
һžʹغš
ԪֻŰɫڳģԷҲˣҲʲô΢Цλ˵ĺãĪкϢˡ
ׯЦɴ˴β´ˣΪڶǾ³ˣڻûϢֵܲŸ˵ġ
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˶ǹЦɣڻԪСԺ֮Ū˳ԵĶ
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ԪԲƣͺС
ϯСϵĳδ
ׯ˵˳Ժ󣬽һ¥Ҫһ˵ÿ쿴ˣ׬СǮ˵飬Ҳһܡ
Զ˵˳Ժ󣬽Ȣ巿̫̫ȻԼŪһׯӣרֵء
༸ȡЦ˺Զĺ˵˳Ҫȥ棬ÿһɴĹˣһҪǮΪԼ¡
˵ˣÿʲô鶼ͻʲôóԳʲôʲôʲô
˵ˣ༸˶
е֮࣬ͻȻԻԪɣ˳ˣʲô
ԪҲ̸ԺŨ΢Цƶɮ˳ҲǺ𣬻ʲô
мæ˵ò˼˵˼ǣ㲻˳ˣһˣȥʲô
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ʦԲʵ˵ʵڻƾʦƷò̸ѧʶ书ԣ֮˵ʦ̰쳾ţûŮӶԴʦģίʵţŮӶ飬˵ɱ˫ۡ
ѽׯĳҲ֪־¾ɣضŮ֪ׯĳҲš
Ԫ΢ЦλҲ֪ƶɮǳˣǷҪƶɮΪǾǿ󣬸οƶɮΪɣ벻ˣǷҪѡֿҲɲơ
ԪĻҲǳĬһȷʵһ䷽ɵݺͼ˲ͬȻͬն
˻˸⣬ϯնʱΨԪȴʱмӰ
浽յĻԼӦȥδӣ
һֱԵƵʱ֣СĸǣڶڶûϢĲϢˣҲǸ˵ȥ
Ԫ͵ſڣȡԼѾɵɮۡ
³ˣƺֱôһЩԪԺ濴˿Զɽߵˮ̶ٲ̾Ϣһصڡ
˵ʵڻȥˮ̶һָоҲҹǸŮ
ڿǲˣΪǾ³ˣʮ㣬Ǿ¾ڣҪг齱ġ
齱Ǵ£ǰУʹǸй©ܵŮԪҲǰй©˵㡣
ԽҹԼܾ޷ǰȥˣһԳ̸µ˲ףԪ΢΢Щź
ҪԴΪأԪһֱڴϣȵҹʮص
죬ҹ¹Ӵ˽ԪҲڵȵʮ㡣
ϵͳʾ׼ʱ𣺡ڳȡʱ䵽Ƿгȡ


377 ڵ
ϵͳʾ֮󣬻Ԫѡ˳齱
齱ԪѾڵصˣκεĵطԳ齱ҽƷص޹ء
ѡ˳齱֮ϵͳѡ֡
ѡ͵Ѿһˣѡʧ˻þ
þ˵ǷǳĽϴλ֮󣬻ԪѾгͷ
ʹùһ֮󣬻Ԫȴ֣ԭþһı׶ˡ
ǾʹôƣϴԼżҪٴһ»þȴ޷ʹãһ鿴֪ԭһþÿֻʹһΣǲõġ
һԪҪĻþΣͷսԵֿĵˣԼòþ鷳
ȻܵչþһֵطչҪҪ裬Լ书ǸЩҪĳȡ̡
ѡʧˣһѾ˽ơ
һεĽ棬˰ýõĽƣȻ˴Ħã
Ħÿ˵ߵϰʥˡ
ϵͳʾͨĴĦóԱܽڷԺı٣ĦõͬԺһܵ屶١
ĦúÿڲͬǣҪΪĦõʽԱҪڵľ硣
ͨĵִĦǻܵƣÿֻ˸СʱʽӳʱᱻԼֹͣЧ
ÿһĦõĳԱ뾫ͨ־Ҫѧﵽɾ磬ڴĦõĳԱѧֶȷ涨ġ
ԪָԼ黨ָĦڭָȥָҶָȵȼΪָǴĦõרѧ
ĴĦҲǴĦõ֮һ
ģֽշħȦǴĦõĶ֣볤Ժ۷ڲоĶѧ
շħȦ֮ʱԪ滹ΪһҲڿǴشˡ
ɮǴĦõĶ֣ſշħȦ
˵һΪִĦõʽԱһóȥĴڡ
ĦһְǷ书߲ܵΡ
书ߵҪڶ壬ﲻ׼޷δĦ
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Ħó֮󣬻ԪҲ̲סмʲôʱԼôĦԱЦʱˡ
˽ƣԪֿ
һ׸߷Ƥ˻ԪŨȤ
ϵͳƤߣһעǸ߷µġ
Ȼ˵Ǹ߷µģ˵ϿǱڵƤҪ̫ˣˮʪȲһ㶼̼Ƥ۸ƤƤƤԷʹã޶ãҲ
ƤϻױҲͬ˰ĲױЧ
ˣô߷ƤҲͬЧǳԽʱļƷ
ƤףڻԪǺУƤûŮԵģȫԵģͬʱ׼ٷ
ϲؿƤߣԪŽĿ䵽һľϡ
ԼϲĲľһαƽƽһЩˮľԪһֱӽĿ䵽书ѡ档
ѧԪѾǺ⣬ҪĿмѧ͸߼ѧ
мѧ֮У齵ħǷǳģ˫عǵһѧϵͳ
Ǹ߼ѧ֮ûԪ̲ס鼤ҵһԼʵ书ˣ
澭
澭֮󣬻Ԫڵľ澭̴ӺԲڵľ硣
ʲôʵ죿
Ƕٱļǳȡڹķ澭񹦵һ
ԱȽϣԪǸϲȡ澭ΪϾ澭Լ򹦷һΪٵĻָЧ֮񹦸Ӿʵԡ
Ԫ鼤̲סھͶȥȡ澭ˣȡˣԼһڵڹʵ˵̷ںĻôԪƣʹǶ٣ԼҲþûеֿ֮ˣ
Ǿȡ֮ǰԪ滹Ҫ³Ļþһ
Ϊþֵģ
һεþֱǣþ͹þƤþ̨ɽþ˫԰þ»þ
Ԫ֪þֻ֮һɷΪƵƵΪ졢ˡޣΪ֮ԶԣͶлܿٵġ
ͶһݣǶﶼɽоס½ϵ٣ںΪࡣ
浽㼰ȣ⣬弰ǲĶҲЩֻһ죬ҲЩ١
ΪϾ޳ַ𷨡ǣʴ˲̫׷𷨣޴ơֻм⡣ʴˣһҪʹҵһС죬ٶΪˡ
͹ͰƤʮ˲ȣˡ
̨ɽԪ׹ˣⲻѧյĵطôҲ˷ϵͳĻþ֮ˣ
˫԰Ԫǲôˣ֪һʲôڡ
ĵطλɽһĻþǸ߼þ治иλ޺ȻþʩչΪʵǹĵҲǻԪܸġ
ȫĽԪ۵ĳ˾澭⣬ǴĦá߷ƤߡԼ⼸þˡ
ԱȽϣԪ滹õ澭ô˵ǸԽԽá
ϸоһ²裬ԪҺ˳ȡ澭λá
ƺλ֮ΪоʱȽϳϵͳѾǵڶʾˡ
غһԪؿһ۴⡣
죬ҹʱ֣Զˮ̶ģƺٻԼǰȥһ
֪ģﾹȻеΡ
֪УԪͰ˿ʼæƽһ¹۲һ£Ȼ󻺻ص¿ʼ
齱ʱ򣬷¶ñãǻԪ׼û뵽ˣԼԼһ£Ŀ䵽ϵͳתȥ
ǹתһȦ֮澭ĵطŲȥ
ǻԪȴЩˣΪƣЩˣ㲻ûܵ澭ĺȥ
ȻһǰУܵ˾澭ĺ档
һͣλãһ㣬ԪҲ֪ǷӦøˡ
ϵͳʾȡǷв鿴


378 Զ
ϵͳʾ֮󣬻Ԫż𣬵˹ڵʱ򣬷⡢⼸ǻɽġ
ڵʱˣû뵽һûסΪȡ˷㡣
ϴεǻش⣬ԼĸһѡƷ
֪ڵ᲻ͬԪЩȲĲ鿴
ϵͳʾش⣬һ⣬ӦĴѡһ
ԪͷļԳ֣Ĳ˵书һԼ˵ĻôͿѡ澭ˡ
Ƿʼش⣿
ʼ
ѡ˿ʼ֮ϵͳĵһˣӦǽƴ
Ԫ񣬵ȴϵͳʣʶκһⶼǷǳҪģÿһ涼кöֻҪܻشģҪĻش
ϵͳһˣ𷨰Щ֣
Ԫһ£Щ̫ͳˣԽȫ
ش⻹мʱģһӵʱҪشϣԪ˼һѡ˷
δشʧܣ
ϵͳжԪʧˣ˴𰸣嫣ݿɷΪ̷зԼķ档Ƿ˵Խ̣ǽ˵г֣ж֤ľ
ϵͳĻش𣬻Ԫ˵ͷֱһΣԼѧķ𷨻ǲͨ
ʦԪ沢ûйشضһЩԼ֣Ȼûõƣȥȡ
һشʧܣƵѡˣϵͳڶ֣ڶǷѡ
һзǷ𷨣Ҫ⣿
Ԫ룬Ȼȫȷǲܼѡˣѡ˻ش
һԵʵ򷨣һֲԶУֻҪִ༴ȫԼ࣬һﶼǷˣһ࣬һз
ŻԪĻشϣϵͳжˣȷڷѡѡһƷ
Ԫԥѡ˸߷ƤߣԺ϶ã׼˵
ѡϣ֣ǲľ顣
ϵͳʣһΪλӰ⣿
Ԫ滹һŵģ̻شһΪλӰһģҲ˵һΪΡáݡӰĲʵ
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СһߣһͷҰҲ֪ϵͳôǵģԼôûõĶ
ǰֲһЩʳˮľԪɨһۣͻȻˮһ֦΢΢һҲԳǸŮ顣
ˮ֮ӿȪ౨Ԫ滹һ˵Ȼ˼ҵģ͸гʱ
֦ʲôֲȥӾͽˣԪɴѡ
Ѿش⣬һĸ漰书ˣԪ΢һЩţܲܵõ澭һεĽҪ
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شԪ޷ȥˣΪ֪ǴӺζ
һֱһӣϵͳʾ𣺡δشϣʧܣ
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ϵͳʾԪЩʵؿž澭Լߡ
ϵͳйɵģ书⣬ӦǱȽѵģԪȻźǲɥԼĻỹкܶࡣ
ʱһˣӦĻþϵͳ
شʲôǷ𣿡
⣬Ԫ۾ƽصڿʣǴȴ󱯵ˣΪˣǵ¸صˣ֪ˣˣԵҵˣһࡢһƵˣ¶Բǻ۵ˣǾˣ࣬桢УֻأԵԿգ༯ˡ
˵Ԫһ£˶бǲ۶ƵģʧΪˣҵع鱾Ϊ𡣡
Ԫشϣϵͳжˣشȷڻþѡһ
ԪһǴ⣬þûдԼߡ
þֱǣþ͹þƤþ̨ɽþ˫԰þ»þ
Ԫûκԥѡ˴»þ
Ǹոѡ꣬ͷ֣»þǸ߼þӦڵʵԼڵˮƽʩչ
ʹʩչˣҲӦüֲ˶һ
Ԫ沢ڣ߼þӦǼģڲõ֣Ժ֪ʱˡ
ľ󣬼ʹܶʱʩչӦҲܻסˡ
ڵĳ齱ˣԪȡ˽
Ÿ߷µƤ߻ٷһ֦һǴµĻþ
ȡ˽֮󣬻Ԫϸоһ¡
ߣһһòͨ꣬ڶһŵˣһǰ׷ԲԵˡ
Ԫ波һ¸ִ䣬ΪоȤ
һڵʱѾǲҹһˣԪ룬ǰˮ̶һΡ
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⣬Ԫ뿪Լľһ·ɽߵˮ̶ȥ
ѾǾ³ţǰҹʱȴ֪㵽δȥˣɫ谵紵Ϯпˡ
ãԼĵȥĵػӦòᱻ˷֡
źڰԪٶȺܿ죬ƾṦͬһֻӹҹգֻ֮һӰȥ١
һѾˮ̶ߣһƬ谵Ӱֻˮ̶Ǳߵٲ
Ԫ֦磬룬ֵ΢ԶһĵطҪ̫ۡ
ˮ̶ĵƲߣĸߴٲ֮ɽ֮۷塣
Ҳֵ֦ɽ۴Ǹѡ񣬻ԪɴʩչṦɽڴ󣬲ϵڿնƾһέɽʹŲƣӲķԾɽ
һСͨԶٲԴ
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һҹɫ֮е֦ѿӣ֦Ѿҡ
Ů޷ٲ£ԪժһЩȻɽ۶£׼Щ֦ݵˮ̶ߣ컹Ļ֦á
Χķ罥شҪˣԪĶҲӿ죬ˮ̶ߣ֦ݵˮ
һлû꣬ԪͿھԼԼʮɵĵطһӰʲôʱģԼȻûз֣


379 ɢ
ԶԶؿǸӰԪüͷһ壬ǸŮ
ոˮ֦˳˹ȥһȻһϮµŮˮ̶ԱߣһڿԼ
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뿪˺ȣûķ֦ġ
Ÿоϡ棬ȻûЩ֦ĳҲ޴ӵ֪
һ֦ڿУ壬ȵ֦һȣֱ֮
Ԫ治Щ֦ĳŮҲԼ
ŮһԪΪˣû뵽Ȼڡ
Ů˻Ԫһۣһ˿֡
ԪûпŮ񣬶̧ͷ˿գˣϧҪ꣬һ֮еʱڣôأ
Ů˵ԪŮѽأҪǣȾջƵģǺУܺȾƣȥǵúȵջƣкôġ
Ů˻Ԫһۣ¶һ˿ǳǳЦ⣬ȻЦԪԲʵҹﶼˡ
㲻ЦңϺȵȪˮȾƵġ
Ԫһ䣬תͷڵҹգкþûкúõعˣҲôȥˣ£϶ҪСǶңȾջҲҪһջ裬ζ
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һ£סһ㣬ֹϸӦǾеա
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ŮЦҡҡͷԻԪ֣ԪЩεĽһ

Ȼ粻СǻԪҲں磬ͷ죺Ҳ֪ԸⲻԸڣǲôԸģˣˣ꣬ԸΪÿڵʱǻùµû񡣡
˵ţŮԱǳǳЦʱؿһۡ
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ȻûǻԪҲŮ˵Լ⣬һ˵̨Ůڡ
Ůµؿ
ţţղϹ飬Ǵ΢꿪Цֻ̾˻أ罥裬üȾ޷ɣ˭Բ첻ƶʣպιŷ紵
ԪʫĶ鲢ïŮţȴصͷȷʵǱԪ津ġ
ǲƽһҲҪ⽭пһҲҪԶ˵ˣҪ꣬ǡš
Ԫѵ÷һɧȴͻȻ֣ŮǸҵݵԼǰ
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оը죬ֹͬһҹ˸ԪؿŮ
Ůһ˿ãӼڣЦʱã
֪ԼʲôôֱֱضŻԪ濴һ̬û̵ͷ
˺þã΢΢ص˵ͷ
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ԪЩЦãȻСŮȻҪ
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ŮС°΢΢ûлԪȴһ־Ӹµ촽ûȣЦʹ
꣬ɢ
Ԫ˵ţŮҲرպϣҲڸ˵


380 ʲô?
ɫȥҲ춼֪ڲһֱ֪꣬˵λҪʼˡ
кܶˣ̫Ҫ
λĳѾŪˣǰ棬ҹһ꣬᳡ǻˮĵط˵λϱʰ
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һŮվſ棬ְǰǸոմϵӣһ˫ϸСȻ¶棬۾ڽضԼ

ǳͷԭݲؽûȥ棬һôĹڡ
Ҳ֪ϲʶԼѾϾ࣬Ҫ뿪ˡ
Ǿ뿪ӵʱǸŮԼһ֡
һ⻮ƿռ䣬ûжܵĻᣬһ£ƾŹǷɳ˴ǳ˴֮󣬾Ѿһʬ壬ֱͦͦ䵽ĵ⡣


381 ȷɻ˧
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ʱ仹ûеʱкܶѾʼ˳ء
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ĩɵ΢һ㣬Դ˳΢ЩͷԵģ뷽跨ˣʹûʲôȨҲһŻ
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Ԫ˵ͷ޼ǹˣֻҲףľ书ͳߵɲǰ裬һӶڳ˴ҳܿһˡ
Ҳ֪޼ʲôܶԸ˶ǼȻҶС˷ŻػЩյġ
޼ЩˣԪƣʱҲѡ֮ʱΪǸʱҲ˳
Ǽλͬˣ
еôܸͬ⣬ͺѡ񡣡
ʲôѡ񣿡
һǹԹԵļ޼£ڶȥҶٰס
е죬˵ׯͻȻһѣͣ
ׯʱԻԪɴʦҲ˶˵һʱҲ˵ףֵܼ¶˳͵ΪԼƴһΣһν֮ǽǰϹϣպʦǰϣٴΰѾԻ
ǵĻû˵꣬ԪϡͿģʾǺԼѾ˵ˣǶԻԪȥ
ԪĿ뿪ǾЩִϣƺһЩӿؿס
С뿪ˣԪȴ
һûͨˣǸǶһģһΣ޼Ͷ˷Ʊ
Ϊ߹飬ȻĳϵնʱЩ
ԪһֱںۿҲһЩ⡣
棬ؤ䵱һֱ޼ͬˣɽἡźţУźͶƺǲһ£ɽἺƺÿѡĽҲ˵һ㡣
ʣļɣһƺ޼ϵУһֶ֧ģһҲ
˵޼ռŵģơ
ΪϺһɣÿεĽҲһ㲻̫ףѹԵĽ
һΣһɣȻ޼һˣ
޼Ͷֵ֧Ļɾͨˣ޼ƫƫͶ˷ԣöһƱֳΪ˷Ʊ
ʱ۾һ޼
޼ҲںȻԵõţڶĲӶ
ͶƱڼһֱĩͶƱϣҲûгֵڶ΢ЩŵշһЩ
ڵɵͶƱʱ䡣
˵ɲֻ࣬ңֱšȭšҡ
Ƕֵ֧ģȭź¶޼ֵ֧ġ
ȸͶƱϵ˳޼˲ûзˣö֪Լһͺˣϵˡ
ȭŵͶƱһ˵鷢ˣȭûܼˣ
޼ؤ䵱һɶͶͨɽҲͶͨʣƱͶ˷ԣľȨڽ˶С
޷˵Ͷ˷ԣȭ̭֡
޼ʱɫѿû뵽ķ֮죡


383 
ˣһʯǧˣʱЩ۷׷ס
ĽͻȻͿʼˣЩɣһµ˶ǱߣǺ֮ܳġ
Ҫ֪궫£ڵĴɼûʲôЩҲǷʲô飬Ȼڹؼʱ̰ǵһ۾
޼ɫЩĩɵͶƱʱ˶һöһʵ绽꣬Ҫ޼ͬͬ⡣
ǵͶƱʱǸ˶ӵģ˳ˣΪ˻ȡȭҲ˳ˡ
ɲĩɣÿһǼ䱦ģû뵽˲Լӣһ¾ͿԼһֱֻۣ
ѹ֮ǰһֱƵĶںԭԼϸԼһ
ûͶƱģֻһˣ޼һҲò
ҲǶ˵ģµķɵ˺֮ԼߣҲ˾֪ˡ
ȭŵʱ޼̫ں£ȭһ±̭ˣͻֽţҲ̭ôһ
Ψٴγ֣Ҫͣһһʱ֮ٽͶƱ
΢ЦŴӦ޼
ͣ뿪˸̨ص֮С
޹صʿɻ޼ǽµ˶ټһ𣬰ԪҲ޼˹
ȶ޼ӦȥϵǼɵţһͶƱʱ֧ҷ
ԶԶԣϵƱһʮֻĳһѣ
ܿģ˱ųȥˣȥϵǼͶƱȨˡ
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λǶˣҲбǵˣô׵ģ
ںȶ޼¥ڣģû䵱ؤɵţϾǽɣ޼֮ߵ̫̫Ҳãؼʱ֧־͹ˡ
ʱΪǼɲһֱֶ֧ǻǷһЩ飬ǸոصһƱԣѾ˶飬ǾԲֶ֧ģ滹һͶƱҲǾͲˡ
޼һۣ˵һЩɺεȸ߰ˣȻһֱΪãɽҲ࣬ѾһΣһξԲˣȻƲ⣬һһǼɻͶԣǾʲôûˡ
˷׷׵ͷƲԣǲܲһҲûˣô޼ô꽨һƣͻǱб
޼ʧȥƣȻͻӦܶҲʹ˵򶫷Ҳ˵Ǹʱһжˡ
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ںڣ벻ԶһǼ˻ˣ޼Ǽɵ̬ȶһ£˵һλͶƱǶϽǵ
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ҲˣһǶС˶ǺЩɿ϶ǴĳЭ飬Ҫʱ̶֣ҷɶ֮⡣
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޼ͬһͷŭʨӣԭת˺üȦͻȻ¶˾ĵصǳȿҵֽţȻһʰˣǲִС
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СһģԪҲûдкֻǵͷʾ⣬Ŀ⻹ᶨ
ԪҲǵ˵ͷϣ˳뿪ǷȦ
صԼԺſڣԪҲûнȥſڵһΪֻͣһʱһỹҪȥμͶƱģֻʣԼһˡ
ܿģСִ޼ĸ¥ˣҴҵƵȥҿƺǶٰ׵ľס
ߺ޼ִӸ¥ڳ֣·ԪߵʱкԪһٴǰ᳡
ٴ˻᳡Ѿൽˡ
һȴ󣬶»ص˸̨֮ϡ
Ǹ˳ӦԸ֮󣬴ͣһڼУǱ˵һɣҲǽ˵һɣɽ£λͶƱ
ȽͶƱģһɣ֧޼ġ
һһ̧֣СӵɫУ»һƱͨ
һɣͶ˷ԡ
ȻһɣٴͶ˷ԣ
޼ɫ࣬Ȼ鲻ϣһжڶ֮УЩҲ֪붫ʲôףȻΪ
ǿʼͶƱ䵱ؤǽ޼Ͷͨ
ɽҲٴվ޼һͶͨ
޼جֿʼˣἡźٴͶ˷ԣƱʱͱģ
΢ЦųϵͶƱڵ۷׷ס
˴ƣڶ벻˭ˣ˭벻ˣƾ޼εŬҲ˵㡣
̨ϵ˿ʼߴ޼ͶƱˡ
޼εһСɫȥƱ塣
Ƿ׷ҡͷʹ޼ͶͨҲûãһεĽ϶Ǻϴһޣ󶫷һƱҲ̭֡
޼ԪҲ﷢䣬վǲ
վⶫ޼ôҲһģ˾Եʱ̣޷ͶԿ
ʧȥλᣬ˾ˣ겻ˣôʮ֮ھ޷ȥ
޷ϵͳ񣬲񣬻Ԫֱ
ʱ򣬶Ŀ̧֡
Сһף̨ȥߵ㣬ĿǸԵĺ裡


384 ޼ķ
Ԫ۾ֱֱעǸСϣһܳ漣
Ƕεȹ׳ĶƫС򲻳ϵģ䵽˺룡
Ԫ۾һգĵˣǺˡ
ûע⵽ʱ򶫷ٰײڳУǻľ֮ڡ
Сˣٰײò
λٰ׺ǵѾȥˣ˰ɡ
ǲ˵ˣСֱڿģ̵ô˵ȥˣǲôˣ֮䣬кöҪ㡣
УҸǣôͱˣǴһģǾҲŶʲôô
һʱһʱҲ㵽ڻϴ㲻ǶС˵˵ִ֮ǰĹأ㻹ڣʧȥ˶ˡ
ǲҪ˵常ҶɽСʱͿʼչңôʧȥΣ
˵öԣǲȫԣ֪ڰʱ򱻶ֲģ֪ΪʲôΪⱲӶкˣСʱ򳤵ķۿɰ÷϶ͬһ˵۵㣬Ϊܼ̳һĶع򣬿ϧѽ
ϧʲô
ϧ㵽ڣħûѧȫǳҩ£ھȻڣ޷̳һѧԣѾʧˣ
˵һ䣬ٰ׵ɫͲ԰һ֡
еĻ˵úܶԣһвöˣܰԼҲȷʵΪԼĻأǸҪģ˵ԶкˣȻһ˵Ǻܶ˵ﶼôΪġ
Լ£Ҳкܶ棬ʼʱȷʵѪԼӶ˵ĸҲܺãԼҲ𽥵ЩˣʼŮɫ̰ˣ书ϽԼ̬Ҳزǰˡ
ǰڶǰǣڶٰҲ̫ȥˣֻжرõʱżװװСӣΪ֪ȻԴ˺飬ĵһֱǺģø鹥ԸͻΡ
һת䣬ɽǴΡ
ѾΪٰײһ̫֮ģʧ֮ҲͲôˣٰҸϱ
ѡ
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Ȼ󶫷Ҳ֪ʲô취ϵݷ磬˽¾ö飬˺ٰ׵ɽ֮С
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ԸٰҲûģħһʽҲˡ
ٰ׵Ҳ֪Լֻ̳ˡ
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ǽСܵԼǰżɽľ˿ϴöٰЩܲˡ
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ߣ常϶Ҳ֪ġ
֪һֻ²֪Ӧ֪һ㣬ǺԼҵˡ
ٰ׶ʱһԼҵĺһģ

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ׯҲŭˣĸЩܷΪͶָٰһ飬һѺʮӵĳˣû뵽Сʲô鶼С˵ȻԼҲ˵ˣϢ޼˽յ顣
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ٰ׵Щ£ȻҲ޼ǵġ
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Щ˶ٰ׸ҿ϶ԼһᱻɱҪ֪޼оȻΪٰ׵ĹϵűģôʲôҲȲٰˡ
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Ϊ㻹еѡ𣿡
ׯٿǰĶٰףһ˿ӣҲһ˿ңٰˣгɹϣֻҪӦˣԼ˾Ϳɵ뿪ˡ


385 ı
Ԫʧ̾ϢͻȻһƬ
޼ϲȻˣ⣬ѽⲻΥ⣡
Ԫ͵۾
ոԼ۵һ˲䣬ʲô飿
ǵܴ󣬸̨֮ϣһĴ㵣˼ؿ衣
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ߵһ˸û𣿶ӵ˺ɫû뵽Ȼеһ򣬽ӵָ˳һôɵֱ䵽棬ϲˣһ䷽ɡ
Ȼ£ԪҲǲ˼ؿߵĺ˽Сһ˳
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쳣״˿Щ԰ף۾رϣ΢΢һֻסͷЩıϡ
޼ʱһ߹ĶˣҪὫ˵鶨
˵һվȻѡǺ裬Сû͵˳ǴҶûС䵽棬˵һεĽֻ˵Ͷ裬ͨˡ
ֶ֧ľʱԣҪͶֲģֻһ⣬ı⣬ΪӦжֲˡ
ʱ޼̿ڵ˵ʲôжһмΪ׼Ȼ࣬ǾӦĽΪ׼ṇ̀˵ĻһͶ㽶أѵΪ;ˣͶĲͨ𣿡
֧޼̷׷ԮЩɵţҲˡ
ǹȻǺͶĳЭ飬ﶫһѾˣȻԼʧˣԼȥɡ
ŵҲһ̸ˣһ󲵳⣬Щ˵ˣĿ䵽˸̨֮ϵĶϡ
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Ȼᷢ£Ҳ޻˵˰ɣʣµλҾͲμˡ
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ʱٰײ̧ͷһ۱ϵĶ
˿ͬٲĴ£ף常ƺ֮ϴμҪһЩ
ÿһʱ常常ͻһЩϸ΢ı仯С仯ۻؾͳΪ˴仯ڵ常ǲװѾҲ˵Ӱˡ
Щ常ٰ׿һ۾͵ͷ飬ֻǵ常ģصع
ûʲô£Իȥˡ
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ٰ׺ȻԶڣѰϰپƼҵľջƳ𣬿ԻѪͨ磬չǣ׸常
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ٰ׽ӹƺŮ˳ȥ
΢΢Ĵһ·ٰõľƺ𣬿ɻѪͨ常ûҪҩάֵĵز
ٰЩļڲԵصƺ˻ʹƤۣഺפ常ò绨
ɫһ䣬һĿ򶫷ٰ׿ʱöٰ׻䣬»ˣƨĵˣ常϶ϲ˵


386 ٻ
Ŀ䵽˶ٰ׵ϣʱöٰ׹ߡ
ٰף˵Ǿ常ǸŮ𣿡
常ûǸ˼ҵ˼ҵ˼ǡ
ٰ亹Ŵŵ䣬Ͱ͵ģΨһش𲻺ãöڵĶٰףû常Լͬǰôá
˵Ҳǲеģٰ׽˰죬ڻǿڵֻٰǾã常㡭ĺÿҲᡭϲ
ã常һŮˣϲЩұöͶã׾ӵĻƭң𣿡
常ģ
ңǽ常ʲôˣ
ٰһʱԶԡ
һ۾͸¶һĨ
شӱվ̨һ£˶ٰ׵ǰ
Ǻҡ£Ǵһ˿ɬЦ۽е㾧Өʼۼʱı֣ȷʵʧȴûڲˣΪϣұûˡ
常ң
˵ˣұΪĺӣ˲һ۹ңҶģû뵽һģһġ
˵䣬ץƺƺ򿪣ûñӣҲûúֱúڽЩһ
ˮ£ʪ˶ǰ·
ٰԱɫ԰ף۾ľ֣ղŶĻ£ܸоԼѾ常ģԼԺ󽫲Ǹ谮Ķˡ
Ǻƣսľ̵ֶڲסĲƴѹԼܲԼֵ̫쳣
ֱǺȫȥٰײųһ۾£ȥ
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ƺֱӵ˶ٰ׵ϣŵĶٰ׻һ顣
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öٰ׵ƽʱʱſ常Ľ´ޣ常ԭ£ڣûôҲñȽƽǵ常ȥٸû
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ٰ׵ͷˣת˶
Ԫڷڣһֻ۾
ûмٵʵ̫Ѱˣ⼸죬϶գڷԺһʱٶûԪܡ
ָһ¹ֱϵңԪǴһ˿Ц⣬ŮһԼˣ룬ͶƱ»Щ˼顣
뵱ȥлһΣҲ֪ڲˮˡ
Ԫ滹ûȥԼԼˣǾ͵ɡ
ĵʱͻȻСɫҵĴ˽
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Уʹʦ˵
ǲеһЩׯٷԸһ䣬һԶ˸ǽŵע⣬ƺʱһ
˻ԪǰʦµҲˣ޼ȥҶٰףʵϵжģҲ֪ǵ³ûУȥǱߵéޣΪ;鼱˸Ծһ£˲Զ˺˵˵ǽϾҪǼˣ
ЩϢԪҲд󾪣
ôԼȷʵһ޴вˣԼӦǻᰲȫࡣ
ԪҲû뵽ٰ׾Ȼпܺĸף³ɹˣôԼҲþǺ¡
޼ܲԼˣΪԼԪҲһ㣬˵ļз֮档
ˣôȽ޼£ʱԼĴδؾͻںá
ʧԪһʱ治÷ֻǶСôֵǴ뿪ˣ
ǵģʦֵĸӶˣڸոմῪʼ֮ǰ뿪ҲûǷˣµλῪʼѾϣڴ֮ǰǲ˳ģ뿪Ѷʵ̫ˡ
Ǽλƶɮ˼
ʦ֪ʦһֻհӥʦæӥֵܼӸ߿ͳ⣬Ψǲ뿪ȡ
Ԫ˼һ¡
ӥȷʵܽͳȥҲǰٷ֮ٵİȫڸڶ࣬ӥҲпܹġ
ʹͣҲֻͣеȵҹĻٵʱҸƧĵطĵؽвſԡ
ǵʱͳˣ˵ϻС֣ôʲôʱ֣ҲҪˣǧҪȽӥûǼѾ˸ɵˡ
ڻûƻ裬ǼҲʧȻ϶޼һġ
Ԫһǵλ鲢ôƶɮֻ˵ܻŵʱƶɮɽˮ̶ȺλֻҪλܵƶɮͻҵĽӥͼλ뿪ȡ
ɽˮ̶ΪһٲͱڣǻԪṦﵽˣƽ˸ҪȥʹһڶС
Ŀ϶ǲʲôģԪȥֻȽϰȫʺϽӥգֻҪ˷͵ٲϷȥôǾӳˡ
ҲԼ뿪ǷȦһְ֧ɡ
С໥һۣȻЩԻʱĲ㣬Ҳ֪Ψһİ취ˡ
ʹǺӥҲڹ컯Ŀ֮Լ˴ߡ
ֻгҹĻڻҸεĵطա
ׯصص˵ͷлɴֵܵ߾ܣһȡںʱŵˮ̶ʹʦϣ
Ҳʦڿбʣٰ֣ô޼϶ҪλľӪô꣬϶кûʹȻ书ǿΪ̫߰м˽û˵ʲôѣԴսһ𣬰˿϶ûмʱʦȥδӣҪ˼С
лλʩ棬ƶɮΪҲδؾͻǸ̶ȣʹңҲҪȵλɣҶҲδؾͻױٰ׵Ķҩˡ
ڻԪǵ书ߵˣڶҩֶ϶ϵģٰܲܳɹ˵
ֵǿʼҲΪģǴʦ֪Ƕҩǲ򵥣ǰٻ֮ɫζھУ޷ֱ棬ƽʱҲֻᷢܵǿһĴ̼ŻӦһж֮˽ܿɢʹڶ壬һʱ֮Ҳ϶һͨˣ
ԪҲǰľȻ֮治УȻδŵĶأ񷬶ˡ


387 С֮
λڽţĩ֮Ϊ῿ǰλą̃սš
Ƶȵλʼʱ򣬾ǵˡ
ȶһֱе˻ƻŽɻصԼϢĵط
˴ԼƵʱ֣ԪԶСסĵطһȴûд򶷵
Ϊ޼һģԾ벢ԶЩ˵˵ڻԪעҲ
ûҵС֪ǵʲôطȥˣǸողӡ
Ԫ氵ͷСʱǡôڶԷ֮ǰӵˣ޼˸ա
ǿ϶ںڣǲ֪ʲôطȥˡ
ԪƣӦӵ˶ƵΪֻܵǱߣ޼˲Ų޼ɵѲ顣
ûһ˻ԪѲ飬鿴һֵ֮ķȥˡ
ԪС޼ľģЩ޼ƣȻֱӽ˶ƵѰңˣһʱڼɹ
վѲӣһҲȡϵ̬ȣΪ޼˵Сȡ˺ȵĻҪӶݣǺȵĵˣڶûг£ЩҲ޼
鲢ûзΪˣѲĻ޼Ҳϡ
ƣԪﰵȥСֵܼܲʱһδ֪
ڵĺʱϾŵ㵽ʮһ֮䣬˺ʱҹʱˡ
˿ϵͳʱ䣬ѾʱٹһСʱ͵ʱˣԪǰɽߵˮ̶ȴС
Ԫ潫ɮڣкΪ׼ͳһɫۣΪʱϴ֮ãԪֱӽ·ϣȻóһŸ߷µƤߣִ֮һٷ
ΪԷһһ˷֣ҲᱻϳԼ
ڵͭԪԼʶˣû䣬Ķһˡ
ɮ۲ڣЩѲ˵ȥΪ˷ֹǷ֣Ԫ潫ɮ۰ŪһС˼ϡ
ǸңҲ˰档
Ϊһ·ϵ˲٣ԪҲСǰУʱҪأ˰Сʱˮ̶
ˮ̶ûˣǾﲻԶĵطҲѲ飬Ԫ浽һʯĺԺһôصСص
ܻŶѲ鲢ôԼýӥͳȥûԪҲǿ
ԼʱȥˣԶһ
Ͽңˣ
Ԫʯͷ̽ͷִԼһ֮⣬Ļš
ˣ
Ԫ뵽Сӵˣǲû˦׷̫Զ
һ򣬼Ӱٵطɳ۶ܿˮ̶ϡ
ԪһСæӴʯԼкߡ
Сһ־Ȼһδˣһ㶡
Ԫ漱æλصģƶɮǻױ
ԪǲŻȻ򣬼æ˹
ȵʦװı̫ˣȫ
ׯٴ˲УҪ˵Щˣʦ뿪ɣ׷Ͼ͵һͳȥˡ
Ԫû˵ĬĬٻӥһֱ֮еĽӥ̸£ʮ˼ߡ
λӥһֻܴˣȥˣξͶ뿪ˡ
ҲˣͲһԾ˽ӥıӥĻӶն𣬽͵¶ˡ
˶ˣӥٴ
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ׯ˵һ䣬ͺԶҲ˽ӥı¶ˡ
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ܴӴ뿪ǷȦɡ
뵽ͻȻ洫˼ҽУ
ԪʱһˣС
ȻˣСͳɱǣ
⼸˵ؽͬʱģ˵ͬһʱģҪ֪СҲˣȻͬһʱ䱻ɱɼɱߣ书Ǽߵġ
˽Щ׷̿£˹ˮ̶ϡ
ԪһãʱҲ˲СˣæϢǱˮ̶֮С
ֻЩ׷˸ϵɽ¸ߺ
ԪУЩ˵¶ϣɱСǶ
ҹܵȥʲôأԪ˼⡣
֮Ӱһһ˴վˮ̶ߵĴʯϣԪˮ£ԼԿһɫɫ۵ˣˮ£ֻܿ档
ǱӵСѾɱǿԻȥˡ
ܺڻԪĶȴͶħ졣
òС¶˳òײߵһԼҲİǣѾ뿪ȵķΧģȴôɵ˶һ
Ԫˮɬ̫ɶݶҶԼкܴɱģǲȥԼҲͬСһ
˴νԼҪ޼һ£һΣȳ׽˶ĸ󻼣ֻҪԼֵĺһЩ޼ӦҲǻԼģϾµʵ޼ܿ
Щ׷˷׷ʩˣæСҹ׷ʹ˸һ䡣
׷뿪ˣụ̂ڴʯվһͻȻһ̧֣սһץ
ԪˮԼԿԼİ
ʱԪ󼱣ôˣ
䵽˶Ԫ濴򿪣Լɮ¶˳
ʱˣˮĲЩζԪоƺҡΣҲ֪ǲˮ沨ɵĴ
͸ˮԪЩ΢΢زｫԪɮ۶˿һ˫ֲǸҡ
һУԪ涼ǿıӰûп棬˺һԪˮ¶Ҫﲻסˣ뿪ˣ˻Ԫİ
뿪Ԫ̴ˮ¶ͷں
Լİˣ϶һ鷳»Ԫ˲ˣҪ¶ΪʲôС
ʩչṦһ·¶ϡ
¶ԼϴĵطСγٲ£ԶĵطԼֲµ֦
˿̣֦ȴһҾ
Сţׯ١Զǰ֦΢ԶһЩеʬǵ֦¡
Ԫ漱æ˹ȥϸ鿴˶ͷһʺѪ㣬֮˺ۡ
ǿڵܣԪĸˣǱʬҰ
ԶһӣԪ潫˵̧˹ȥ׼ŵͻȻ֣еһ֦


388 ħ֮
С񣬻ԪҲһ˿ɻ
Ӧˣǲкȥû̵ɱ֣ׯٺͺԶȥҲû̳֡
Ԫ治֪ʲôԭ򣬵ǺӦСܵʱ򣬶ˡ
ׯ١Զǰ棬棬֦µʱ򣬻ժȡһ֦ܾʱ򣬶Ŷֵġ
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ԪЩ벻ס
Ҳ̫ϸˣɱûģˣǺܿҪһ㡣
С֮󣬻ԪЩԼɮ䵽˶Ӧǲ³Լ·ˡ
ΪͶƱʱ򣬶ǺעԼģһֵᷢġ
Լͽӥ뿪Ǹ취ҲʱԼô
ǻԪ治뿪òˣỹû;˳ᱻ϶Ƿ˵ģԪ治ܽܡ
ôӲͷƤҲҪȥˣ˶ҵԼԪһҧԼȥˮ̶ϴģ·ŵϽ͵ˡ
Ȼ׾ӣǻԪҲû취ˡ
СɱϢܿ촫ˣڽϵ״̬ҲˣԪȥ·;Ƚ˳ܿͻصԼڵԺ䡣
ȥ֮Ԥ֮еĶûг֣ûԼ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôȻãԪȥȡƤߣһҹ֮󣬵ڶԪҵ޼˵Լɮ۶ˣҪŪһµġ
ڻԪĵ޼ԵúܸˣΪԪɮĶˣһе·˭ϡȥ͵
ӦþһԼźţʾԸԼ£ˣڼʵ޼Ȼһ¡
Ͼ˵ԪһڣڻڣͶ޼޷ܾջ
̽䣬һıֹȻϴҪöˣ޼ﰲ̽Ūһɮ۸Ԫ洩ϡ
湦ҪģϾǺܺʿһֱֱȥģɮȻһڣҲҪϷ
֪Ԫûɮ۴ˣɲװġ
µɮۺ޼ԻԪһ䷽ɣҲԼˣĳһȽΪѣ֪ܲ뷽ɰæ
ʩ뽲
Ȼ޼̬Ⱥ˺ܶ࣬ǻԪ滹һֱôС
޼ȻϣԪôУǼڶԷǸУҺǹŰ壬ҲͲˣԻԪɣ̸֮ǰһ
ԪĬ޼ġ
֮Уһ죬ºݶݲκβ֪ͬʮǰǴδɱţ
ƶɮ˵Ǵ֮ǧԶһۼ϶ȵõϢǾۼɽըҩȻǧ˻Ķɽڳըҩǧһ⡣
ˣҪ֪ǧЩħ֮ˣҲ²˵ĺ֣һŹǶеԭʮҲ֪˶ٷˣĳ£Ҳ֪һЩ飬Щľдмֱ飬Եı£ǶʬǶѻİ
Ԫ΢΢ͷҹϳ֣С˲죬֪ĺˡ
ǡ޼һתһУûֹ书ߣκ˶֣˵ʵĳϱ²ҲԲĶ֣ĳ֪֮
Ԫ濴˿޼˵书ӦúͲ˶ˣȻҲϲǶĶ֣ɼʵ
ܶ־ʿܶıѹȣʼ𷴿һĶʧˣĳΪǶӢۡ
Ԫû޼Ļû˵ص㡣
ʱ޼վһⲽһߵֱ꣬뿪ˣЩ˲һ˿ᣬҲ𽥵ľۼ൱ֱ죬ĳΪѾлͶħͷһϳˡ
ʩѾ׼Ĳ˰ɡ
ʦ˵ǶԸĻѾĲգ
Ԫ΢΢ü˵˰죬Ĳա
޼Ԫ˼Ц黹û̯ƵʱǻҪʲôǵĲգ߲ա
߲յĻκ鶼Գһˡ
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޼˵һͨ׳ȻͻȻתԻԪ棺ɣʱĳҪİ
֪ʩҪƶɮȥ£ȣɱ˷Żƶɮȥ
Щ£ЩʦҪĳҲͬģɱţʦҪ飬ɱɱ˷ŻѶˡ
޼һӣԪҲûнӲ磬оЩȤֻüʦһѧҪ棬һĿ䣬һħ
书ҲкܶྫʽǶĵơħĴģɱֶΣʦٰ֪Ҳħ
Ԫ˵ͷɽ֮ϣٰ׺ʮʹһħӲǺݷƴһУٰ׵ȫˣݷҲȥ
ٰʹħҪ˸ħǲҪκεĸʩչʤٰ࣬һʽ֮ҲûдڸٰףħǵвҪģֹʩչħ
Ԫ΢΢ü޼ʩʱоֹʩչħ
ʱѾˣʱȲ̸ĳҪʦ£ֹʱʩչħ֮ǲܾԲʩչ
ʩ˵̫ƶɮˣƶɮ֪β䲻ʩչ֮
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޼˵һ䣬һһѹ˽ŵ˶˵ǰ
ѹٵʽǷ춫ħģʦмң
Ԫ濴˿߸ҡ
߸ңħ֪ʩչģ
ħٿԵͨӣҲԵһ׶ϻϻĹУ߸ҷֱħǰ֡ÿʩչһʽҪһңħһʽ֮Ҫ߸һ𲦶ʩչǰʽͬն
˵޼óһСƿȻСƿ򿪣һЩɫķĩͿĨϸһϡ
ԪɻؿһУԡ
޼һЦͿʼزŪңһ
Ū˼£޼ͻȻʩչȻһץסе߸ңһһţ
һ̶ϸͻȻѣ
ɫķĩרңʦֻҪǱȻ󽫰ɫĩͿĨħϸһϣֻҪһ㣬ǲᷢħٵı仯ģʱʩչħʱϸΪ߶ôǱɫĩʴĵطͻѣʱħȻͱƳˣ
޼ŻԪ棬˵ļƻ


389 Ǳ
޼ĻԪ˼֮С
ȥĴȥƻħ٣ֱһ飬ɵĻٳŲ㡣
ܴӦԪ֪ԼͲ޼Σ϶ᱣԼˣƾԼɵö֣޼ͻԼˡ
Ѿļƻ󲿷ֶԼ˵ˣֹؼʱ̣Լǲ̬ȼ϶ݲԼҪɽۻûпˡ
Ҳ̫ѰһЩôƻħأ
޼һۣԪڵƶɮȥҲΪܳɹʩǲҪ̫Ļ롣
޼ԣͻȻЦʦ仰ĳͷˣƽʱĪ˵㣬ĳԼȥҲƻħ٣϶ᱻ֣βһˣħٴӶٰûȥҲûж೤ʱ䣬ھͰڷ룬ıǰʦֻҪǰȥɫĩĨȥˡ
ȻǰڶٰʩΪβȥƻ
¾ЩͻȻҶͻȻҪȥҲǵϣȻĳ͸ƻˡ
޼Щź˵ѵӡ
ƶɮҲûнȥ֪
һʦģţҲܼ򵥣ܴܴһͷһ̨̨ϾǶλλи磬Ƕķ䣬ʦмһ㣬ǧҪͼԽ磬һĺѿ
ȻƶɮȻ³ç
ħ˻ıǰһӣʱﵯ٣ʱħٻԭʦֻҪıϣɫĩͿĨϸϼɣһ㣬ɹ
Ȼ޼˵ɣǻԪ֪ռ󣬸㲻Լͻᱻ֣һ֣С³Լ³
ǴʱԪҲûѡȻˣƶɮԡ
ʦȻ˿ʱ䣬ҲԣҲԣܳ磬һҪȡʱ֮ǰ㶨飬ֻҪͿĨһ㣬Բᷢٵı仯ʹϸȥҲ޷ֵġ
ԪͷӦӹ޼Сƿ
ħͷɱոɱСܻܿҪɱԼԪ治ִУҲֻ취ˡ
ĳ﹧ʦļˡ
Ԫû˵޼ʵҲǺöΣ֮ԼȥҪ¶в̫󣬻ԪԲġ
Сƿ֮󣬻Ԫ뿪޼ĸ¥صԼס
ĵĵţһֱȵҹĻ٣ûг֡
λĩѾȫλϣ쿪ʼͽһ֮λˡ
ԪҲܿԵ̨Ϊ֮еĵλս
Ϊ٣Һ֮ܶ䶼໥ϤһЩ֪֪׵ģñԾ֪˭˭ͣսʱ䲻ܳɴһɣҲһܽˡ
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´ۣѡ
Ԫƣ޼󷢶ʱ䣬ܾܿʱŸԼƻħٵжһҪʱ֮ǰ
ԼҪȥμӱ䣬ʱȥ£ΨһĻᣬǽˡ
жԪһûαװ
Լ¾һɮˣ׶ȥӲ㣬Ū˿ɲð죬㲻þҪ׼Ҵϳˡ
һװѾˣֵĻװһôȥ
СˣҲûԼĶȹһ֮ҹĻ٣Ԫĵ뿪Լľ
⼸ںȥģԪĵѾǳϤˣᳵ·
ǰ㳡λأһ˶ûУ죬ÿɶǳΣˣȥϢˡ
Ԫƹ˹㳡滺ǰС
˵Ҳ֣ΧûѲӵĺȵӡ
ԶҪչˣڣ޼ٰкܶˣΨҪκ˵չˣһǶ
Է飬ûˣΧѲӵ˶Ҫ
ߵ书Ǿ޴壬Ҳû˸ʲô⡣
ȻûѲӵˣϻԪ⣬һ·谭ľǰ
ǰ̽ͷ濴һۣᡢɭɭģֻܿԶǽмյ͵ͬһĻζ
Ԫһ»£ûажĵط
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ˣԪغһ̧ȣ䲽ͬһ
˴ſڣͺһ磬ڵ¶͡
֮󣬻Ԫ𽥵Ӧ˵ڵĺڰԼԿıԼ硣
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ܴſڵмʮףһ·Ԫߵ㹻ࡣ
Ҵ·һһߵú˲ʮӣԪ˱ǰ档
λһ̨֮ϣ̨ʮ̨ףԪĸӸߣƽӣͿԿǰӡ
棬һŹӵٰڷ
ǻԪеĿ꣬ħˡ
ȻΣյʱѾ磬˵ڻԪͶļҲǲʮ׶ѣ̨赲໥ѡ
ƾ趫ľ΢һ㶼пܱ֣ԪССġ
ɮְסһҲ䷢Ԫ滺̧ȣ˵һ̨ס
Լĵﴫһģ
һҲ̨ףԪ濪ʼһߡ
ʮ̨ףߵĻԪͷ󺹣ǺоյȥʢƽȨ֮ϡ
ǰӣħ١
ǰ棬Ԫ־ȻǸϸңߵӵһͷλϣܹõ
΢΢Щ͸Ԫ溦±͸翴ԼҴԱƹȥֻǷӣӵȥ
ԪĸӲСӵĻҲɣҲܺȶһԪֻٴСĶ£һֻǰŲֵǰ
ʱ򣬴ھļţԪѾȫˣֻƾϢǰ
Ų˻ʮ֣Ԫ洫˵
֪Һû£ȻһȥɱЩϲļһǣҵĶ棬Ҫǣ˵ࡣ
ԽһŮڻԪĶЩϤĸо


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Ů˵ԪЩɻ˵˵ƺͶЩ񣬵ȴֲӦǣϾӣɤأ
ǶôӦˣһڶһ˵ǻԪȴûش
Ȼ˵ôһģԼĻᡣ
ԪٴǰŲһ㣬ӵ롣
Ůٴδ˳㲻֪ģ㵽Ϊֹʲôִ֪϶һɱ㣬ںңԸҡ
Ԫ治ͣˣ˵Ȼᣬȴƺпʱܰ
ȴû˵ŮӶ˵û˻ش
Ҹ㰡͹ˣǰ͹ˣʲôܣʲô͵ȴʱ̵٣Ҿˡ
ԪԽԽͿŮ˵ʲôں˭˵
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ԪĽŲٴǰһ㣬Ѿ쿿Ǹˡ
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391 һ
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ɱԼŵ˲ʧˣ֪ΪʲôףԼӳˣԼˡ
Ժ󣬻Ԫ磬һ̳ʧҹɫ֮Уƾ˭Ҳ׷ˡ
һȷûκ˸٣ԪĵԼСԺӡ
ոյľͷ󺹡
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صԪڴƽһ˼顣
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ֻЩﶼǸԪһֻҵĸое˼˵ŮڶԶ˵Ϊʲôֲشأ
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Ӭ˵


392 ޹
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˽ֲӣԪһŲƱƵŲòԼһƣûʹƾ޵еͽ̨
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յĶ˺ܴĲͬ˶һ棬·ͷϴһڣһһǺЦһ˵ĸоݣǡ޹䣡


393 Ѫ
һϮ磬˸̨
˺ܴĲͬĶɫʱԳɱһȻĺÿҲûʲôԸ⿴
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޼һĸ֧͸賤ǵĸһҲһﶼϸͳƣǺȥǰ֧֮ڣʣǮֻʮҲ˵нİİȥ
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޼ͻȻٴδһ͵תͷվڶߵĶٰף


394 绨,
޼Ļ˵ĿⶼͶ˶ٰס
һҲǿ˶ٰס
Сĺӣ丶ܴѪȻٰԼʧԼģȻ뿴ʱ򣬶ٰ׻Ǹʲô֡
˶ڿԼٰ׺˺ܴԶ常㲻Ҫģ㣬һֱ㣬ȵĿʹ⣬ҲԺ޹ء
΢΢ͷ¶һ˿οЦݡ
Ȼ⺢ӻû֪ڹؼʱ̰Լ
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壬£ȼʹ⣬Ҳ⡣
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ٰɫ԰׵ص㲻ҪѪˣ˭֪˲Ǽ١
޼һȻ˷ֱ棬ֻҽ¶һʵºȵǮȥֻǸӶ˲ɡҪģһ֮Ҳܲˣ
ʱ򣬶ͻȻԶٰ׵ٰĪ£һΪҪΪ˭ܽκΣ
ٰţֻؿ˶һ㣬վ˶ı˽İ
޼һĪҪΪΪΪһ书ɱ޹Щ˲֪
ߣ޼ڽɱ˾ǱɱʵɱˣûʵıɱұɱȻ࣬ǶͼҲ֮ˡȻҲضҪɱ֮Ծ󻼣ѵǾͲɱǲ𣿡
㲻Ҫҽˣ̩ɽѪһپʮ˲ׯֻ˶вɱšЩкλ˵
̩ɽ֮ϣɽɱҺȳӣѵдׯϰаŮׯѣҽЩȥҲд𣿡
Щһ֮ʰˣǰ㻹ɱ㣬췸ʲôΪλ֮⣡ǴӴ׹䣡
޼ʣû˵ɱȻɣȴô˵ǰ͡
û˵˰ɣ
˵޼̹ЦѪȵĶħɱ˳ԣףǿ˳۵һɱ֮Ⱥ۾ۼڴˣǿĳҷĿ˳ۣɱҰɣ
Ц֮޼͵ػͷ̨µȺλͬһ̰ɱԵĿħʺ𣡡
̨µĺܶͰźˣ޼˵̴ؽеʺϣҪ֪ǮȥǶ˵ɱǲҪ
Щ˵Ĵ£ҲһЩûʲôƵ˸Ŵ
ΪȵЩ˺һŻڣ޼Ȳ˵˵ĻǼ٣ʹΪҲϸҲûʸ

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Ŀɨһ۳ϻЩˣЩʼնû˵
Ȼû˵Ȼڵȴʲô
һ˿
֪ĻԼһᱻϻ⣬޼Ͱźõġ
£ҲģҪˣҪˡ
һ紵֪ƮһƬꡣ
סƬ꣬վ
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̨µһʱʹЩ޼ŵУһҲûĶǲ֪οڡ
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˿ҲԼ֮λ赭д˵ţ֮в޲ʣҲûо֮⣬һ˵ɡ
֮еԽѹԽͣһĿ紵Ϯӭ죬һӭŭŵĺĻ
غһµĿЦЦ㣬ҲΪҶˣΪҾˣˣʹ޼ղŪұҲǴ֮λøˡ
ʲʲô
޼ˣû뵽˵˳û뵽Ȼ˵˵Ļǳĵ
㲻ػҵĻҲؼŪļˣϾ뿪ȣӴ֮£ЩСЩȥܰɡ
˵Ժ󣬶ԱߵĶٰףٰףҲˣϲںȣ£ǲ£ҲȥѰȥ常ӽԺ󣬲ܼչˣı֣常⣬常ͻҵľ£Ѱҡ
ٰ׵ǳ鶯˼£˵ʲôȴվû˵
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Ǿǰһˣûͱ˵ƣû֮ˣһ˳ʣͺòһ֮ˡ
ʱ̧ͷϲ֮ɫƺظĸо޼ֻҪҵ٣ΪԺҪٸһУҪһáˣǲǺȵĶغ˵ˡ
˵Ժ󣬶Ҫ뿪̨Ȼʹȥˡ
޼ͻȻֵ̬ȾˣʱͻȻһ㲻ߣѪȣծûлУµ³
ĽŲͣˣͷһ޼Щ鲻ң뻹Щûãô£Щˣ
㲻رˣɶ߲ˣ
ͻô˲޼Ҳ֪ô˵ˣֻòȡֱӵķʽ˵Ѿ뿪ˡ
ʱмؿ޼һۣҶߣڳûסҡ
޼ɫ粻óȻԶ֣תתͻȻ䵽˶ٰ׵ϣգ۾
ٰױһֱͷʱ޼ʶԼѾ·ѡֻǰȶµļƻһֱȥˡ
ͻȻܵ˶ĸǰٰ׹İԶ常лΪЩ꣬Ǻڹժģ͸常ף常һ·˳硣
涼ǻꣿ
¶ϲ֮ɫٰʲôȵȶῴ⻨꣬ȴܵĻġ
˫ֽǰ򿪣һϯĻʱգ˶
ĵЦţ˫ֻȫĸоϲо


395 ɶ
еƺѾ쵽ͷŭţ֦ѹĺܵͣΧԣͷ衣
һֹͣǱ֮ʱʱǶû뿪
ڹۿ̨֮ϵһĻһĻ˵ţȻ赲˷磬ЩڿƮȴᱻ紵ߡ
ܶ˵˿̶ԥѾǸˣҪ뿪⽭Ҫ
ٰ׿Żϲ常ͬЦҲ֪常ĺԼԺ޹ˣõ˵ʱˡ
»ƶٰĵ˸̨ûע
һɹƢĻϮغţû뵽뿪ˣ⻨һĻ
ĵҪ뿪ʱˣޱȵϲá
һԶٰ׿˵һлллл͸Լ
˵ͻȻоһϣ
ڵȻ⻨ڿʼţŵٶԽԽ죡
ؿڴһ𣬺Ļ㿪ʼңӦ
εȹ˲͸о˲Ծ
ˣ˵İ㣡
̾뵽˶ٰףԼ⼸춼ûгʲôһЩ֦ˮֻȹٰ͸Լľƣ
ͷһٰѾӰ
ȫһգϯЩ˲䱻Ӱ١
̨֮϶ʱտҲֻʣһˡ
һٰѾܵԶԶģܵ˳ϯǱߣԼм䣬޼ȺЩ˵ĳϡ
ɲʱ絶
ӣӣӺã
ô꣬ȻһǣͷԼһһ̣Ѿıٰ˺Ѫ죡
ڵʹɳƵʵٰףΪʲôҪ
Ȼʮףٰײһ¡
µ񣬶ٰҲȥˣԶ常ٽһ常ʵѾҵ常ˣҺ赹ȽһЩǰһôģԼ֪޳ͷ֮յĻȥҶٰ׻ȥȡԼˣ
㡭˵ʲô
ûָŶٰף԰ֽ
֪ҲûȢûܸ£ǵģҶ۹ҲģҺͱһ˭ԼĲвŮģôҿѾȫһˣ㲻ҲӦüˣԴ㿪ʼңԴҸ¡ǸʱҾѾôˣ
ٰײ㽫Լ㶫˵˵ԺҪ֮дء
ҲӦûţ
һƬãȻ仰˵
ѹѾˮεε䵽˶ϣЩãһЩ
һҪţһкõδ㻵ĲҪֻҪһ˻ҺãҾҪš
޼ʱͻȻһˣϷ򲻹㾿ŮǷµծһҪģѾжʼɢ״̬ʱԹģǻһ㻹ִԲ򣬾ݹϷʹɱˣ
ޣ
ͻȻŭ޼޼ҶҪ˳ˣ㻹˵ң㻹ŹңƾҲģԼĽ
㿪ʼɢ˵˵Ĵ󻰣Ϸ䣬Ӣ䣡
תڳˣλͬʼɢѾˣλԩԩг𱨳ɱߣϷһ
ܶ޼źõģʱȺ֮дСУĶһϣɵ
ʱֶ֧ľڰ಻סˣӳϯĺ˳ͬǣ˰㣬Ըֶ֧ģڸϷһϣɱ޼
꣬һЩĸµģʱһҲвӦ
ھ䵱ؤﶼ޼ˣո˵껰˶˾͵Ϯˡ
鼤ûзİɱػѪأۿѾǻˡ
ߵ͵Ϯ˺սĻֶ֧˺ͷԶ˾͵չһɱ
һ˲䣬ϰȥѪˮڵ˺ӣ
һ̣ܶ˶ƣǲˣԼѾҪɢˣܶԸ˭˿֧Ѱ·졣
ֵ֧˾Ͳ࣬Ļ룬ҪսƬֶ̣֧˱в˵ķŵһء
ЩⳡˣǷ׷˵˳رԵ̬ɽۻˮˡ
̨ϣоڵĹŵٶԽԽ죬оȥ϶УԼ뾡飬Ȼһطȥѹֶȥһʱ֮ڣԼͻΪһͨˡ
ʱ޼ȴͻȻĵͬǣɱ˶ϣ
źõ̳ˮһӿ˹ȥлкܶ౻޼ؽˣǰ̵ĳ̨
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ʱҲָΪĹûкЩ˾һԾڿգֱȥ
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󣬴һ˵ȥֻص˸̨֮ϡ
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λѣҶѾҪ˳ʩλҪͱˣѵ޼ŵҪ𣿡
λװǻƣɢڴҾϣɵ˭ɱ˶˭˵ĸ
һ˸ջѾЩ˷޼Ļ󣬺ܶ౾붯Ҳˣ׷õĳ̨
ˣԶǺ¶ݣѪԴڿϵģͱͨ˵ĮһЩ֮±·򣬺οǶԸһɢˡ
ɱѽɵһ
ϣλҵġ
ӲҪǮҪˣҪˣ
ʱɫԽز԰ףڴӳ£ûаѪɫ
аָظң˿ûѾ嵽˸̨µˣֻԼħ١
һͬȪˮˣָ⻬ӣСſص
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ХУԽԽ󣬶صسܱע̨ɱ죬ĳ˹ȥ
˼ɶ꣬ҶΪԼǷɶ֪꣬²ΪȴȻǻ𣬿Ϊ壬Ҳ֪²ΪҲͬɶ꣬Ϊʲô
ͻȻ̧ͷʪͷס
һѾȥһŮװȹӨ͸ס
ħ֮
һңĶһһۿɼĲ͵طɻڳȺ֮ը죡
Ԫ磬ûмĹ
Ⱥ֮к˭ȵ˵ףȻУ߰˸˾Ȼըķѣ֫ϱ۷ա
ѪƮ䣬֮еıΪһ壬ѪѪġ


396 ,ϻ
޼ĲƣԼٰ׵鱳£ǻָɱɫŭ֣춯أħһҡ
һ֮ɱ߰ˣ֡
ⲻûЩʿЩѪ˸
кܶ˻ڹţҪ£ϾҪˣѾɢ״̬ܿûˣҲϰ
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ͬӽȺһһģɱֱ˺Ⱥܼĵطը죬һƬ֫ڷз裡
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ڶϣ׵ĳȹѾİסĽ߱¶ѾȫòҲ֪ǷһŮˡ
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ղŵսУһֱעţûпĳ֣ܺ޹˼ɵĳ֡
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һ㣬촽ָ߸֮ϡ
޼Զ
֮УҲš
ŶҲý㶫ˣӦý㶫ĳû뵽ԭЩӢ˲ĶȻһ˶ĳ鰡
ʪ˶˭ܿһŮˡ
Ѿǿ֮ĩ룬ûܰһ㣬㻹ǹԹԵ־ܰɣһĶָɵ㣬ΪŮ˵أ֤ȫʬ
͸Ļģؿٰվ޼ҲĿؿԼԼܣҲĻԥɱԼɡ
ӱѵĸоڴʹģҧź촽һ˿Ѫڶǳ£󼴱ˢɾ¡
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۹㲻˰ɣֵǣʱˣĳıˣҪɢĶ˶ˣץģ
ԼѪ޼Ǯ̼µʿһٴγ󣬶¶һ˿Цݡ
ôͱƵԼһ𣬽죬ԼĽ˰ɡ
һַֻ٣һִֻ߸֮ϡ


397 žѪ
ħٹ߸ңÿһҶʩչһʽڰʽҪ߸һħٵγ֮
˵ʩչߵɷֿɺϣǶԳľ֮һ
ǰʽѾʩչϣ˲ûȴһʽڶʩչ
㹻ţֻҪʩչһʽЩǾͲˣ֮Գ׻Щ˵֮ġ
Ҳֻʩչһ̶ȵĽʡӦˡ
ϰɵö
ɱɱɱ
ɱȼɱˣ
Щƽİ׵ʿҲ񱩵ֳոȾˡ
֮ը׺䣬һ˺ѳգǰգҲͬɭ޹⣬ӳЩ˵һѾŤˣצٴɱ
һŤ˫ǰ󽻴ִס߸ң͵شҵת
ˣֿã֮ȥ
ָһķſһɿÿһҲһɳ
ħмʮңٿһ㣬Աǹķٶȣ
ӵǳŵģÿһнʮ׳Хţţƿռľ룬һƬƬɨ˳ȥ
һĹλһΧѾϸ̨ǡ
һֽͬһһеıг룬еıըķѣеĸɴǰҷ𣬻ΪѪ꣬ʧǵصı֮С
ĵ
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Ϊʲô
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ҲǣǺãһȡþƵʱҲܱһ£֤γħսĴ׳ˣԺУƾλʱҲл˵
лٰˣؼʱٰ̣׾Բħٰײˡ
ٰ׶޼ĵͷһ˿һ̣Ѿȫ˳޼̵֮ţѾȫ׵˾⣬лĻһȥ趫һڵȴǸʱ̵ص
˾ͺãĳȲ뿴ʱ˶һһޱȾʵĻ棬ϣ
޼Цһ͵һ֣ͬĴɵţڣҲǽӽĽڿն𣬸ĻֻͬĲӥŵڸ̨һĶȥ


398 ȼ
֮Уǰ½ذŶ壬Сζƺʱܻᱻ˺顣
ڲҡΣ֪Ϊ꣬ΪѾġ
̧ͷŶ˶֣۾ãȻ
ˣĹѾ˺ܶ࣬ˣѾֿˡ
ޱȵ׳־Ѿĥģɱ¾ģѻΪһŲģһˮġ
ˮ˵ĴĴʹѺۡ
һ콾̶ȣȴ˿ҲڣΪѡԼҪʲô
ﻹһ˿ϣҪʸô˺ԼôŻңôȥҲ޷
ǻû˵֮ǰЩȥ֪Լһµǻ˵ģ
Ҿ
Ѿɵ˸̨ǰͻȻݺݵһҧ촽ԣܼս֣ܲɱҶ
޼˽żո̤ϸ̨ͻȻ͵Ļ档
ôϸָȻӲ̨ѣ޴ĺУ̨ҡΣ˽سһѷ졣
վȣһգ򶫷ɱ
޼һѽ𵶣䵱ǽؤǴ򹷰ɽҲǽŵǷǣİܼꡣ
ǰǣƶģ˲ɱ֡
ڣڶĸֶԸһˣĳֻаǰΧɱʱֹû뵽ԸһŮˣһľҵŮˣ
ԷĹҲ޾ɫȻǸˣûǹߣҪ
ϸ˫һͻȻһɰڣƱǣǹɰͬ˰ķİ˳׷ء
Ҳҵİ
һ˸ֱӻ˷˶ˡ
˱빥һʱϾ˼ˣ裬ջһöö룬Ķ졣
Щ˿ɲЩϺǼö׻ɱġ
Ҳ֪һ㣬뷢ͻȻ˫ƻ裬յļ˳ȥ
һȱΪǿƷ˿֮ƳΪõֶΣ½ɽһսбƵǧ˳˹ȿڣɼ֮
޼˿ʹƣ㣬ؤؤΪ̫Ѿ޴㣬ֻҲʹƺͶһơ
ڿнؤҡεأǲûԤ֮еıɵ
һĻ˶ʱˣⶫɢ̫Ѿĵǿ֮ĩΪˡ
һƵĶսͶ˶ƣûн⼸¸̨ٴܴ³һѪ֮ҡΣһֱ˵˱ıϣǱķ֣ǿվס
ַ׷أЦ
޼Цſ򶫷㻹ҪνڵѾˣĪ˵ˣǵԵҲδʤˣ־ܰɡ
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һڣ³ĶѪĿⷺ䣬עǰļˣЩ󱲣һΪ˾ˡ
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мЦһԶûᡣ
𣿿ϾҪɢˣڵ岻ǵİΧҲвֻҪһȫɢһͨˡǸʱҾԿˣԺ͹ԹԵĳŮҲߵģҲɱ㣬һҪںȣÿȵ˼ĳ˶һл˶Ķ
޼Խ˵Խ˷ܣȻֵĳкü檣֪ǵĶ˶ʱ᲻Ǽӹ֬׷ԴأҪСˣɢԺ㣬϶ŮˣСĵʱǼŶһ飬붼ĳ˷ܰ
޼˵һ䣬ɫͲ԰һ֣۾͸˾֡
һգȥµ
ǰµչ޼Ļ˵ʵΪʱϵԽãԽֿˡ
űվֱӣű꿴ǰļˣǰһ
һ⼸Ȼ鲻Խ˺һ
ˣǶоЩѾ̶ȣʲôµġ
ٴǰһûˣӵؿӲŵŮӣڼʲô
˫ľ֮ڣͻȻЦһ£ΪľӮ𣿡
Ȼһнĳգ˶ʱˣԹԵعĳС
޼ϷûͻȻٴ˫һһգ
һɱ֮ǰǿ˷ӿǰˣ
м䣬Ƕһ
Ѿʩչ˼ȫʣһϡ
ǿǿѧ޿ƥС
Ƕ̫ѾӲյǿֻ֮룬⼸һ
Żؿϣľʩչ
ǵ͹˶ԷڲȫʢʱڣһȻѾôǿˣԻɱǰ֡
˷Ծķ겻͸ţ֣Ӳǵֵס˶˳
Ȼÿ϶˼룬ǶؼҪǵֵˡ
ʹˣҲǱʹķΡ
ѽѽڸģϷ˺·Ů˵ֵֵϷˣ
޼Ϊ̫ӵĲһ룬Ѫ죬ѾɥʧȫģҪݺݵ趫Ա걻ѹֵĳ
һûܾȫ¶һ˿Цڵ˽ʱˡ
ָһ룬Լ׼ġ
Ҳᱻ裬Ľ
Ĺڷɿţûʱˡ
Ŀ󻷹˼䣬ûӰԼҪʵĻվûʳ
վûгɹԼͲһ̫źһжѾ޿ء
޼צҲݵԼؿڣֻҪ΢΢һ̴ܴԼࡣ
ۼҪʩչ롣
ʱһը׺죬һڶ޼۾
޼Ѿߣؿ޼۾ؿ޼۾棬һŻȼգǻþĻ


399 ճ
˵۾ԿŭԿĵȵʱҲܿóǾԲ۾ĳֻ硣
ȻѾ֧ŵĵزɿԿ޼۾ȷʵһŻȼգ
Լ棬۾ܿԼӰˣŻ𣬾ԼѸٵıƽ
˵ı
޼Ե¶˾֮ɫʱһϲǼŵҲ˻
һֱûг֣ʱ⣬᲻ˡ
ѾȼϣûͷԱһ㡣
޼ڿУŤҲƴһ㡣
ʱǽڵ𣬶ıҲ÷飬һľ޴ľȼܵ棬޿ɵֵƣֱӳ˹
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߳ȥҲڿ˴˵
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ԳƾĪʵɳƣЩ֣ĺͷڷбһһƵģȥЩ
Īʣ߶һ䣬ʵң
ĪʽɳĴڶ£ܵĻƵ޼ĵ˲ò˼ŶԶ˹£¿Щ˵ΪԾˣֻԳЩңΪֻľܾסʱȼգоǺһͶûУֻͨˣʮڴףеͶôˣ㲻õᱻˮ𡣡
û׷ʲôӦҲ͵һ֡
һħͷ˶ǰ׵ɵʵûҪ
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ʱ޼վΣǰͻȻ֣ޱȿŵȼմľĪʵģǴʲôطĳģ
ͻȻͷǰ޼ûз裬Ϊûз裬࣬ԭһУ޼һֵݣ˴ĻǵĲı֮ħ̶磬ѵ֪ͷҪǴ𣡡
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ĪЦһʿǺЦνĽʿ⸱УôҲͿˣˣҲûʲô壬ǵĵˣǸˣҾĪʼȻǶǵˣһһˣʲô¾;ܷɣ
޼ɫִͱΪˣٸһᣬ˵ĳĵ²֮ҲҪƣһҪŮˣֻ´˵ľ֮
ӢĪʳҾͲ㣬ҧѽ
Īʵ̬ȼſ񣬸޼
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޼ɫࣺ㵹ǻΣˣúúãƲԳԷƣ㲻Ǿɣ
޼δ䣬ԱߵѾȲˡ
ӷʲôҿм飬ҲǶˣҲһЬˣϷһ̣ȥԧɣ
˵Ժͷһ֣˸ĪʺͶֶ
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ȻʱԼѾˣԼֵһ̾ˣôҲ˵Ķ֡
һҲˣôڵأʣ಻ڴԼڻţڵƽؼأ۾İӭȥ
ڶĪʲİϮûж㣬Ϊ
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һס˰ĪʺͣһڣɨǧĶ˳ȥ˻ðԼͶв󣬾Բʩչ
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ڿУѾİǵֵסûȿȵĻѾüëȼ
ң
һʧ㣬֮̾ǣȣ
ߵģؤɽš
˶˿ΣգԮѾ
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ؤ˫ס򹷰һ޹ֱӶžĪʵͷ
ɽǽһֱ̾Īʵʺ
Īʻǲ㲻ӶԷĹĴû˿ͣصس˿ͬһϣ
ûйǶϽ۵ֻһصسڣһʧ㣬عǧĴУֱ役εķ˳ȥͬŵڵֱɰ֮⣬صҵ˳صıԵǰ˼ʮףͣ
˵һĴκ书Եò԰ⲻ
ͻȻֵشӣһ
޼ɫ࣬Ҳû뵽鼴䶨ˣͻȻĳôһôߵ书ô֮ΪʲôԼЩ˴֪ôһ˴أ


400 һ
ĪһǴŵ˷ݣΪ˲Ӱ죬Ҳûܶ㿪ؤɽŵĹ
ͬʱؤĴ򹷰ɽŵĽҲˡ
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ĪһѪ˳ؤһǴ򹷰ĺ
ؤһʱĿɿڴԼ򹷰ǽľȻʲôҲǲСȻֻǽ˴ѪûеԽѡ
ؤĴ򹷰вģɽŵĽ
ɽŵĽ̴Լʱ򣬾Ī˳ʯ֮һѿסɽŵ
ַɽŸоһ޿ɵֵĴ˾Ȼֱա
ĪʵĴصضſеɽų˳ȥ
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ĪʸоԣͷһֻۣɫҰףĿһѱǲΡΡģȴû˿Ŀ־֮УȻѾʧȥġ
ЩΪѣڴеǰǶˣԼһʲôأ
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ʱһԾĪʵ̨ĺֻҪصڣĺһʯһ֣⶯Ϸբ£ڶաһһȡͬھʱͶһطɱʱǡ
Īһ£Ҿģȥ
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ȥԣſڣҿ޷ֹˣʱҶӲ
ĪʱվŵĶԶ޷ֻҪͬһȥͺˣ˵赲סء


401 һ
ӵͻȻ룬޼䵱ĴһݲԳƾĪʵļһ϶ܲˣУѾڿ֮С
˵ʵɶһܺͶһ̵ˣȴƫƫѡɽۻѾ̶ȣʰ棬Ϊջ
˼Ǹʱʵʱ޼оԼڶ壬Ͷźܴġ
ϵĲ󣬵Ƕѧľѧ̫࣬սǧ򻯣ʤ
ǧʷһͳɣǰٻʮϰ۷ľһǽϵľţǺųǿϰ۷ľѧ֮ǰ
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ȻҲ϶жһϾħ𽭺ͷȶҪĶ࣬ǽ־˵ˡ
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޼ؿ˿ǣڲ֪Ѿˣʹȫʢ״̬ҲԼ˵Ķ֡
ǵȴӵĪǶԶϾ͵ˣǱ뿪ڻվ𣿡
ţ˵΢̸ڸˡ
ʱغһҪԼһ···ȻѾνҲУжеġ
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׷ϣľʯʵ̫̫أǲòһܵĶ
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һе鶼ˣԭֲʼûг֣ǳȥŪһ֮󣬲ŻԼġ
ѹҪԼȥѹҪ˵ԼǸðư͵ĳѾͷԭϳԼˡ
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Ϊʧȥ˻ȥںò׿ˣԼˣ˶ϣȥɣѵҪؿΪ˾Լ
Ƿǽֿˣ˳Ǹӣôܽ˵Ĵ

ʹĴһĴӵٻӰһ׹⣬ֱբȥҪ
嵽բ׵ʱբǺأ
ǰ˲䣬˫ţΧˣ
ʹĴբȥŪǸ֣һжˣرˣص˴ȥˡ


402 
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ƫƫҪô̵ķʽԼϣϣǰ顣
ԼҪˣһȥƴĴբ˫ֶץѪ죬ɤӶˣ۵ļ޷
һжͽ͵ģĹԽԽ٣ԽԽСĴ˺բŻբһƬҰ֮ɫԽԽ΢
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Ψһ֪ģڽŵʱڱΧô˵£ӦûлĿܣʱһж˰ɡ
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ʱ޼䵱Ҳϵ˴߶ٴζԻԪ
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Է˿ֲ֣ǲҪǿΪĸˣֻҪ΢һʱ䣬ֻ˾ҪѪˡ
ӿڵĪʣ㲢оĪʣ㵽˭
ߣǻǽˣھȻû˭𣿡
Цһƶֻһʣ㲻˵ҲµĲ࣬˵Ĺǿ̶ȣ˻ݼǿִţƶҲƶɽħ̳֮ϣǸĺС
ӵĻһ޼䵱Ŷ˶ʱȻ
ɽһ㣬޼䵱űϾߣûۼ֤ʱԪɱķһֱûвµó
һ޼Ҳ˹ҧгݵصһ䣡㣡
ԪʱҲװˣͷϵļٷһѳȻֽƤ߳£ִƶɮ
úúãǴΪˣ޼һıˣ˶˼ɵĿȨһȡˣҶûдӦ㲻֪жͼΪУѵ˲֪ô𣿡
޼ҪԲˣƶɮ׹ǶһСⵯֲŵˣ㣬㲻Ǵƶɮˣƶɮȥħֽţ£ƶɮˣˣҪȻضƶɮ
޼ɫ࣬ˣû˭㣿
룬հǰ˺Ŀ̫࣬ʲô鶼ˣƶɮΪǶԵģȥǵʱ򣬻סĵκα֣ôƶɮյʲô㣬ݵʲô𣡳ʲôңʲôˣ
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Ԫ漲ɫѵ⣬޼ը˷ΣԶӺ䵱ŵλĳȴһϣɵ˰ɣ
ӻػһгǵһȻȥƶҲˣܱһʵʻˣǶƶصĽ
˵궴ӿԪ棺һ䣬ƶ켫˵Ƽˣûƶ֮ҲԵΪˣһƶնͷ
ԪЦһûȥἣȻƶɮֶ෸һ󡣡
мؿŻԪ棺ִԲɣ
δ䣬ͻȻԪż˴һ䣡
ԵĵʩչҲ˲ջڡ
ʨӺֻǸԷļ˴˶ݵ𺳡
ԪҪľ˲𺳣ŲʩչֱϿա
ŲһǷǳģĶļ޷׷
ͬʱ͵õ˻ԪĽӥǡôĸ£䣬ԪڿԪ浥һץץסӥצӡ
ӥƽзɹץסԪ̻֮ǰת۾ͳȥ˶ʮס
̫ˣ޼䵱Ŷ˶Щֲ
ΨӵķӦģеһ£֮ͿбӥߣӴŭСҲóŪ£
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ûѡ񹥻Ԫ棬ӥĿֻҪӥǸܲ
ԪһãȻӥ޷´Լ뿪ġ
Ҳ׼ͻȻ֣ýӥգ뽣ĹΧԪأƾʩչһέɽԶ񱼡
ʱڼûʲôˣʹҲҹء
ֻжں׷
Цˣƶܵȥ
ӽ磬ƾԪһέɽʩչ˼ޣͻԪľ룬Ȼڻ֮С
֮ڣբ˫ĿգĽëţһ˿ҪʧˣٹƬ̣һȫͨˡ
ģûмûܺ˵һﻰ
ôô˺ĵңҲҪҪһ𡣡
ˮ޵ĸˣһʹʣͻȻؿڷƣСſһѪ˳
һڵѪīȻǺɫģ


403 
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ٶ죬ӣԪɱܵˮ̶ϡ
ϵѪѾ·ȫʪԪغѣԺһѣΣʧѪ֢״
ǸӣѾ˾ʮҵλãΪԪ˵ĹϵӽٶԽԽ졣
ˮ̶Ԫ˲һԾһͷˮ̶档
籩꣬ˮ̶вηԪˮ̶ͲӰ
̶ߣŻԪˮĵطݺһ£
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ˮ£ҪˮͻȻţйŹ֣
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ܿΧԽػ谵֮УƺԼĺС
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ܵȥڵһ£۾ʱΧٴξɫ䡣
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Ҫٴλ豦ͻȻǰâֻƮƮģµĵͻȻˣ졣
ĵͷһԭ˵Ľ£һֻ޴Ľɫƣ


404 ڵ쳣
˾ؿо޴ķӣǸͬһ㣬ԼˣȻڷӵ֮ϣ
䵱һ̣ЩãҡͷģģôǴôãȻڷģ
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ȻߣԳ֪һĻ۶κ˶Ǽгģ侳޷𺳡
ϾǽˣױԻڻǲؾĽеķӵһ䣬֪Ĺò˵ǿƶ󣬿Ūһ飬ƶŷģԪʼķԻƶģ
߸ߵԾ𣬳Ҫ¡
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ף
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ոյĻþʵ̫ʱоþֿԽֻþԪزֵϵһų˹ﻹз档
ЩĹ޷ʲôӰ죬ϵıȥˡ
µĻþֻʩչ˶̶̵һСΪԼ֧Ŷױˡ
ʱǱҵԼĲ֮ôȴԪֻһ;
Ҳ࣬Ԫڵ٣ٵĶ֧ŷһʨӺ𣬸޷ԷֶԿ
ǰˮԪңңؿ˿̾Ϣһ
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һϤףá޲¡Ľ꣬Сˮ̶ĶЩӰӲͣǰ˸
Ը±ӻһ̣Ⱳӣôȥˡ
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ʿɱ裬ƶɮԲ䵽Ͼˡ
ǼˮʱͻȻվסˡ
վס޼һ£ʲôˣ
ûлش޼Ļɫ԰׵Ļͷķ
ĸ֣ĸоظоһ伫ΪϢ
Ϣǿս֮Уűֶڲ
޼䵱ŶȫûоãȻؿЩʧ̬Ķӣԡ
׷ʲô£ܿһٲ棬ôȥ
֮УĹǣûжӴͷ޼ҲðʧĽˮ֮ǺϬĹ¡
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⻰ʲô˼
ûд޼Ƕˮһַɣں棬ƶһԣƶҲһʱϣŶԸͶԷģƶѾȻ򣬾ˮھͻɽ˼ˣպлᣬɵǸ
ôˣʱܸɵˣˣ
ӿ˶һۣ˵һ䣺ƶǣรɣ
˵Ժ󣬶û˿ͣռתۣ͵¶ˣ˲ܵӰ١
޼䵱Ŷ׷ʲô顣


405 ٳ
ӵͻȻ뿪޼䵱Ŷɶͷԡ
ٲҲȫĽܿٲиӰˣȻģ壬Ҳȷˡ
ٲģǸֺвбˣûʡ
ΪʲôӵͷȻôһ֣ԼƲ£·ˣǼƺƨŻ֮࣬ûʲôֵô˰ɡ
Ҫ֪ڶ壬Ǽ֮һʹ״̬ãҲδؾʤӡ
˵ʤӵôҲǰǰĶˡ
ǶʧһˣͷӹƶûˣôҲת˰ɡ
޼䵱һʱ䲻֪롣
䵱Ŷٲڿһ޼ˣǸйȻٲ档
޼ɫ粻ص˵ͷ֪ں棬Щġ
õˣӺͬ޵֮ˣƶо˵Ź֣һЩǹͬԸʱ￴ţȵ鳾䶨ųҲûʲôǵʱۿʤʵˣˣ˵ŲǾ񲻴𡣡
䵱ŽӣʮĵʿҲܴĻ޼˵ͷ
ӵĻȻ޼ȫŷҲòӺĽˡ
Ҳգˣʰһ䣬ͷ취ԸڵĶһ˾εյˡ
֮һһԾٲ֮
һȻһٲһʯϣְؿڣ˫ĿǶˡ
һȻ޼Цһ䣡ô㾡ƻĳĺ£ôﲻأӢ۵ĸоǲǺܹ񫣿û뵽ӢҪ۵ģ̫嶯ѽ
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Ԫڵأְţʱ׼ģǰС˵־޼ӣ΢ЦһΪΪƶɮһ·ŤŤҷδȫҲһЩƶɮõˣհǰ˺ԥ
˵䣬Ԫͷ䰲˫ȫ䣬˻˵򵥣죬ƶɮòãֱֻܱġǶҲƶɮ֪ƶɮܿ䱻С˲кţ
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һѵԼˣ޼ŭһ䣬֪ôĶ˴ʱҺĳ˽ղȡ㹷ǲˣ
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޼ЦˣĳҲὫʬںڣƾʳ㲻ú
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ѾԪʲôںˣǰĵ־Ҫ
һȥĻԾ
ǾڴʱͻȻԪĶߴһŮӵĺԪ治Ҫ
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ôͻȻһ˵޼Ӷ˶ŵһ㶡
ٲֻôһС鰼ݵĵطھˣﻹ˵
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޼˵̧꣬𣬾׼Ԫһ
޼޼޼޼
һͻȻ޼Ķը죬ϣһΣ޼ˣӺͻԪҲˡ
޼ŵĻһ£ôŮӺĶأ
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㡭˭
һδ޼ӣǶٵĹǲһǸҶַһëҶǧУң
洫ȴĺë
޼ɫ԰׵ؿ˻ԪһۣΪĹڿҲ޴ЩĿɿڴҲһˡ
̲סеɻ޼͵ٲʯϡ
Ŀˮ̶ܿտյģԶϡɼǾˮ̶ü·أôҲ洫İɡ
װŪˣ֪ˣڰΪѾɢûǹвĳȰһ䣬ԹԵ޼С檣δؾͱζ
ڲѷ֪޼ˣ
ЩŭЩæʲô飬ɤᣬʹǷŭ֮УҲö
װŪĳʰһ䣬һȥʰ㣡
޼˵ŻҲޱΪӦɢˣô˵ʮ㣬Լ޷λء
׼תٲʱͻ
ԶµբʱͻȻȥ
բֹһֻҪⶫ˾ͲҪȥ
޼ûȻƻբ
ǾڣբȻˣݺݵǰĵϣһ޴ĺʹڷ֮Ҳš
բأ޼ͻȻʶʲô顣
⡭ⶫԼ˵Ļǧﴫ
ǧﴫҵŶ
޼ʱоȽЩѹֶţӻƨһˣԭ
˵ţӣˣ·ˣԼ汳
޼ٺҲڸǲеĿ־塣
Ҫ군ˣҪ군ˣǸ޼֪Լһֿ֮ģ㲻ľˡ
ҵؿһֻۣͷ˿ٲپ޼ͻȻһ
һ䣡
ǲԼһԼǲǿһΪҪЮȡԼһأ
һ޼̸оץסһҲˣٲ׼һ䣬Ϊʣ
ǾڴʱǱߴһ޼ң
ʱˣûʲôĳҵģ
޼ٲȥۿҪٲ֮ˣͻȻоԺһŵ⡣
ղŻûӰӣô͵˰ɡ
ŬŤһ㣬һ޼ִӶڵʯϵûܽٲ֮С
Ժһ˿ߵ廨ݺݵٲǰʯϣ
˵Σ޼𾪵ģȻǴģ˿ߣȻֱͨҲ֪˿ж೤
ľ룬Ȼһ˿ߵ廨ֱˣһݺݵʯͷ棬ֶΣѾڰķ˰ɣ
Ѿ̶ֲȣ
֮޼ͿһĻ
һɰŮ裬һС£¶һ˫źۣһûϥǵĶ̿㣬¶޳ȡһ˿ڣ³㣬̼֮ɫżǸ廨ӵ˿ߣҲζһֲ˼ļٶȣٲ


406 ƨ
޼һ廨裬ͿŲ˿߷ɱ
ĳڿγһֱߣٶȿþˣ֮ѾܳٲѾԶˡ
޼谭һ£ٲڴ֣һ䣬Ҫģ
Ҳǰ׳գ֪ԣǲһΪʣֻһξҪȥʦˡ
ӭӣԪҲ˲һ˿ıˣָһһָ˳ȥ
ʹõģָΪָָɱ󣬺ķҲ٣ڻԪָһǿܹʹˡ
ߣ޴ɶ㣬һָмͷ
Ҳڹ壬һָֻ΢ҡһ¡
һ䣬㲻ˣ־ܰɣ
һָʲô¶ûУ󶨣лйһ΢ѾԼʲôˡ
ʱ涫̼ĺХԽԽҲ֮ܵ
޼죬Ҫˣ
Ҳ˲һֱӷϣҪ׽һ䡣
Ԫ¶һ˿Ц⣬ȻûʲôҲռʲôƣΪҪ׽ԼС
һСۼģѾǻԪĿǰ󹥻
Ӽ˵ǰԪٴַָСС˳ȥ
ӿٳһָЦûõģ͹ԹԵġ
һѪӵļ򱻻Ԫһָ䴩ҽһڵأ
ԪţҲһҡΣĿ˺ʯϣָͷƶˡ
˵Ĳأܿͻϣһжü
ʱ޼ڳ˽նŻԪȥҲȡһ
վǳһЩոսһ˸廨ƿն룬޼ĺģ
Ӻ룬ؿڶֻƫһ㣬Ĳλ
Ԫ濴廨޼ؿڴתһһ˿߾ͽ޼յ˳ȥ
޼Ҳʡ͵ƣһ֣˿߱ϣ䵽ٲ·
ʱһȣǸϵˡ
Щ̣ҲǼ֮£ٶ˼ޣԪ濴ôͳ˽Ҳǰľٶһ棬ƺѾﵽһߵĳ̶ȣ֮Լһέɽ֪˶ٱ
ܴܲﵽٶȣԪ治ȷоٶȾԲᳬ
ٲ棬ûüԸٲϵ޼Աߵӣһĵ˻Ԫߣ¶ۣһѾͽԪ汧¡
ôˣ㻹ţ˵仰˵仰
СֲͣҡΣεĻԪһͷΣ̲סҪѪˡ
㡭㲻ҪٻȥҾҪŪˡ
ʶԪ沢û̫£ԼЩ̫ˡ
СŬͨ۾ȴô໹š
һαһŮ§ڻҶú٣ԪоЩڣ˿أȫޣû˿ĵֻֿŬŤ壬ǶΪ˿ʹǸ۵Ľ§Ľġ
ŽİŻԪͷԪʵ̲סصŬ̧һͷ΢һЩڵһûйϲأ񹦴ɣӴ޵ˡ
Ԫᵽ⣬΢һ㣬һ˿ϲãѽҳɹˣڿһԲˡ
Բ磬Ԫżĺ档
Բ֪ˣڽҲʲôʵĸı䡣
Һڵ˽ҲһˣԶڣԪҲûжԲվ磬һֱûԪ˺
̲סһ䣺Բʲôģ
գգ۾ֲ˲ˮԻԪˡ
Ԫ仳ԲʲôһǸոһֱ§˻㲻ҪҶﻹһᱣġ
Ԫһĺգû뵽ϵͳֵԼôԽߣһΪµһԼȻҲн죬һĹ§˵ҪĻ
ʱͷָЩԪϼ˿ڡ
ͷ򡢸崦޴˿ڴĿģ·Ǻɫġ
ˮһεε£ֹֹסô˳ӣߣҴȥˡ
Ԫ漱æѾ˵ҩֻҪһʱգָܹˡ
ãǾ;Ҵҵķȥɣʲô·ҲҪˣ˿ϰɡ
˵ţ˿˻ԪļϣжƵġ
˿һ£ӱ¶ˡ
ԭǼС£ֻһǶ濴Żã˿ã˿һ£֬۱¶˳
Ԫ漱æ޼һۣѾһ澪ֵվٲֲܣ붯ֲҶҲǣҲǣɵ㶵վ
ǵĽǶֻܿ棬߹ǿġ
Ԫƴ˿ݻظϣ㿴Լ
Ԫһ˵һ죬ղų̫ˣ·ûá
ЩߵĽ˿˼米ϣ૵صԲеţԭ·ٵˣֿ㱻ǹҲû취ˣֻǴС¾˳㲻Ұɣ
ڶļ飬Ԫ滹ЩԲǻòǾңô㡣
ԪûйԼ˼¶˿ĵЦ
ǽС˫°΢΢סԪĲӣӸµؿŻԪ棬۶Ȼףĵζ۽üôϲ
ԪʱҲϸؿŶˮ̶ߵŮƺһκܴɱ䣬ƤӨ͸΢΢ֵԾˣپ£ԽĶˣΨüĿ˿˿ӢڣûԪúС
˵̬ûԪһʱķ㶣Աߵ޼ҲЩŶķ۱ȣһڿˮǰɫĵ͡
ûǣǵʿˮü̾
͵ػͷͷڷ޷裬üĿ֮һɷ֣͸ղŶԻԪЦ绨ȫˡ
޼ӶʱһԲˣǶֿܵġ
Ψһоģܱסˡ
Ҳ˲棬ˡͨһڶǰͷ絷⣬ġ
ҲǼ˵еģ̫ûˮ׼ˡ
޼һʱϣðˣ񹦴ɣ޵УԸΪǰ䣬һΪɣ
ûк޼˵һĻǵƶӣϲ񹦴ɣҵֿԸͷͷϣ
һ֣һǶ˳ȥ
ž
Ѫɽ޼һյĶ˶صײԱߵʯϡ


407 ֻܻһ
޼ľˣҴȷˣæʹִӵ¹˶ǰ
ΪһƽԼɣ϶Ҫֵˣû뵽ԼԺ󣬾ȻȥǸһ˵꺮ůǻȴûжӳ֡
޼ЩζҶһģƾʲôԼأ
΢΢ͷһֻۣĿбӣûд޼ǹš
޼һƣͻȻһСȻԻԪѽˣˣҪôǺأ
ԪЦһȽҷſɣʵЩܡ
һСǶҲģһֱڻԪĦţôһǴС״Ԫ涼оˣȻΪǴʱ˿̣ˣԪҲ޸ܣֻ󶫷ſԼ
ԥһ󣬿ԪƺĲǺӣСطԪ棬ʯ¡
ǷſԪ֮󣬶ŸоԼȷʵЩ¶ĲλȻ̲ס˵˻ԪߣҿߺˣȻҲ
ԪΪִԽߣŮ¶첲ȶûʲôǶϰߣҲö˵˵ͷ
ԪͷչһЦȻץסԪĸ첲˵ߣûԪ嵲סһԼ壬΢ȻһЩ
ԪǶ˵ˣôȻ˵㣬ƶɮǲòֵġ
ЩԥصҾӦɱǣڲɱˡ
Ϊʲô
ĻԪЩ֣ոսĴս֮У֪ɱ˶ˣô˵ɱ˵Ļأ
Щ˼صղɱˣʱһûͻƣȻʲô˼ɣҲһҾ͸ԼԺ󲻻ɱˣҲ뻹Ѫȣǡ׿ڸɱ˭Ǹ˻˺㣬ȻǾȥɱκ˵ġ
ԪſڣЩ˼ﲻһأ
ԪкܶܶʣͶ˺أҪȥҪϿ촦Щ飬ʱ䣬ٽҵ㣬𣿡
ԪͷȷʵкܶʣһʱҲ˵ڵȷʵкܶҪġ
ˣϧýǵΪԼҲܻһס
Ԫ˵΢΢ҡͷҲںôģҲ
Ԫҡͷ㻹Ҫ䣬ܶ鲻㲻û鷳ģһ鷳Ǻõġ
ԪĻʵҶֻľˡ
˵Ժ󣬶ͷ޼ӶˣǶˣӦ̴ǼȻҵġȻ˵ˣôҾ͸һᣬ֮УֻһԻ˭˭Ϳǽıˡ
ĻԪҲȻô䣬ҲĻֶξԲκ֮£򵥵һСУͽ޼Ӷ˱Ƶ˾·ϣԷʲôܣֻ¶סˡ
޼ղŰһƣ˵ֻܻ֮һæԶ֪ʲôĳһ֪޲ԣ޲ֻĳһ
Ҳ붫ﾡܿڣһٶ˵꣬һ䷽ɵľˣ˿ڻѪء
һ˵ȻֽţеȥԪ˿ڣ۾ʪˣ¶Բװװġ
ԪЦŵ㻹ʰɣԽʱ䲻Խ𡣡
ԲԼߣԲΣշˣԪҲˣѾܻصתʼָˣֻԽԽãԽԽġ
ԪĻ˵ͷԶ˵ʵڶ¶ˣҲûʲôʵģЩ֧ƽ⣬Щ鶼˭ģǽ
һǸһǳϣܶǶ֪Ȼܶ࣬˿̷ʣͲһܶ鶼˳
˵֧ƽ޼ⶫٰҲ޼˼̰ī˽һĲʣĽգ˾̫ˣ˵зҲˣΨṵ̂īģֻж
Щ飬Ҳǰҡͷ˰ܻˣΪ׵ͳνײ㣬Щ˶˸ָĳëΪһȣʵѾΪ˰׵һ
Щʧ֮࣬Ҳ̾ԼǵĲϣ꣬ʲô鶼ˣ˵ĶҲʱڴﵽ۷塣
һɴ˰֣ˣ˵ˣЩ鶼ȥˣԺ˭˭ȥķɣҲˡ
˵ˣ޼ǲôŵģ޼
񹦴ɣԲֻжﵽؿ϶ЯԲ֮Ӵһͳֵģаһɹ²Ŷԣô᲻أ
һǫ֮ʣԼΪߣһҪλã̬ȣҪöΪԼҰģһ˿Ļᡣ
ֻܻһȥˣֻӡ
޼¹Ѿ޵Уֵﶦʢ֮꣬ƾ֮ΪƣΪ꣬Ѿ޳ߡֻҪﵽԲϢһɢȥضʱԱʮ򣬶Ҹ书׿˵䲻˵Ļʹ¹Ҳǲܣһ£ýɽҲ͸նˡ
һ˵ţһ߹۲춫ɫֻ΢΢üƺ鲻ܺãǲԼĻ˵ûء
æʱΪʵۣ£ƽңɹˣƾľ书ҲԴķܱߵĹͳͳ壬һĵ۹ɾǧ֮ΰҵ֮˷жһ
˵˵ţ޼Լˣٺ٣书׿ﳤ֮ʵһͿԵϰ꣬˼顣
Ļû˵꣬ͻȻڴƶΪͼ־ͿˣҪǺԼϲһҸ
ɲ΢΢ͷû˵
Ӽƶ䵱ɽ֮ϣҲͨһЩҩ֮ЩҲĵ˲ЩҩͿĨƤϸ⻬Щҩ̷ӻ˥ϣഺפһЩҩȥһӣֻӵҩڻǺƣҪƶһоɹ
ԽԽ˵֮۾ģͷŻԪ˵Ҫ˭ɱ˭أ
ԪЦҡͷѾд𰸣ֺαҡ
ɫ΢΢һ죬ͷҾˡ
޼Ӷ˿Ҫˣﺦ£ֶǶԼĻţΪֻԼĴ򶯶


408 ķ
Ŀ䵽޼˵ϣǵĶš
¹ܲ¡
Ƕ˿Ŀ䵽޼ϡ
޼

Ƕ˶㣬Ⱥγңίʵ˾öģ㣬ʵһͰĵȥ
޼û뵽Լһһ㶼ûд򶯶ԷҪˣ̲סֽһ͵ؾٲԾȥ
һ̧޼ոճٲڿͣһ£Ȼֱͦͦˮ̶䡣
Ⱦˮ
Ƴһƣ޼壬ôһֱӱú˳ȥԶԶˮ̶ķΧ֪ȥˡ
޼һڵľ֣ôһûз׳־δ꣬ҲǱˡ
ףΪʲôӾû¶Լ˵ÿԸ¶ܴһ˿һӦԼ书Ҫǿһɡ
赭дľ͸ɵ޼˿ӣƺվǸոһͣӵȥţﲻߣһڴ㡣
ӵͷӦͷˡ
˵һ䣬ҪͼܣⷽԲҶԿüõܣɱǾ֮ͣ𣿡
ƶףƶԲΥġ
˵ţ˳ٲ棬ͷû̧
뿪֮󣬶Ÿվ
ϾŶǶ̿㣬Ȼһ˿ǸҲǹ¶ˣһֱڻԪڵģȴࡣ
˿ûֱۺȴô⣬ȥԪ棺ߣȴ
ԪͷӦҡҡλεŬվĸ첲ܵԼļ档
ˬʴ󷽵ĶԪȷʵϲֻкܶʻûн
˵ʣֻƾԼСϡ
һ̧һһ˿˳ȥ·ŻԪֱ䵽˿֮ϣٲ֮⡣
Ų˿ߣŻԪٶҲ˿ͬһ㣬䣬ʮҾʹٲɱ
ٶȣ֮ӥҲ˶ˣǽٶȣܻڽӥ֮ϡ
ԪﰵԾԲʵȻǿͺڶȫˣڽԲѾı仯ʵı仯಻˼Ҳˡ
˿һ·ſڣԪŷ֣Ȼֱǽ棡
ССƮƮģȻܷԾﻹǿĹԣҪǿԪֱ޷ơ
ǰŻԪֱӴŴ˽ȥʮ׵ľûأֱӾô˹ȥһֱ䵽档
Խȴû߹磬һߴſſûţһľ޴󷿼䡣
ŻԪ˷롣
طԪҲ̲ס棬´һ
ģ󴲡
ڷڷĲܴܶǱɫţ˯ĸ˶⡣
ΧڷһĴ壬ɵģûɵģʵ˿ߺĶ
ͷһױ̨ױ̨Ҳ֣ܴܴױ̨澵ӣеױģȫؾһһյĵͱ档
ױ̨ȴûжױĶֻӣмСװƷûŮҵ֬ˮһС
ѹֶ泯ӣԭЩ
һԪĿͻȻ䵽һ档
ĴĶͬееԧ죬еǻ䣬еɽˮҲ֪˶ãӶǡ
һ壬
û꣬ոһ㣬Ԫ濴ģһͷĿûȥء
Ԫע壬æ͵׼һϹϵģûãˡ
úã
ԪҲ˵ʲôڶĲ£Ŵ󴲵档
Ԫ˴ߣţȥŪˮ·ҪӵˣȻϴһϴҸ
˵Ժ󣬶ûԪڴϣǻԪ˵ʲôҲɣΪⴲδҲ̫ɾһЩɫɫɫɫǶɫⴲҲǣԪѪۣһ꣬¹ˮ̶ôĽŪࡣ
ȻںǻԪҲͬ⣬ΣֻõţҺܿͺá
˵ţһ̧Զһվͱץ˹䵽˻ԪߣãȻһ̧һ޴ԡͰԶֱץ˹䵽˻Ԫǰ
ܵ˺һС䣬Ԫһ󶣶ܿ˻ľͰԡͰǰһ̧һָͰտˮ͵ȥ
һŪͰˮٴεȥ
ֶͣʹͬϷһһ򣬴ԡͰ͹˺ܶˮڵġ
ŪһУԻԪϴء
Ԫ涼Щˣʱ˿δã²ϴ裬򵥵Ĳûġ
ûйϵˣʪ͸ˣϴϴⲻɡ
˵ŻЩŤߵ˻ԪߣľҪȥԪ⿪·
ԼͿˡ
ǿˣ㶼˳ˡ
Ȼߣֿ˿ٶȿĳ棬˫ֶĻԪϣ¾ͱѵֻʣһ̿㡣
ۿҪ֣Ԫ漱æţԼͿˣ㵽һɡ
ͷӦͷȥ
ȥ˺棬ԪŽԼĶ̿ȥȻµˮ
ԡͰܴ󣬻Ԫվ棬ԡͰıѾôվˮУܿ˿ڣϵѪϴɾ
ոϴĲ࣬һ޲ͷ˹Ԫӹ֮󣬿ԶԶںǼСݵſһתʧˡ
Ԫ治ɵЩΣ˵һ䣺ô֪ϴˣ
ѾԲˣ˵ϴ裬ںϴ裬뿴ҲǿԿġ
㡭
ԪһʱæסҪλ
û뵽ȻںݵһЦ
һ»ԪȷˣܿȻںݾͷԼĶһһֱڹעԼ
ԭΪͺܿɶˣû뵽ǵƤҲǸոսԲĹϵһжúܺɡ
Ҳ޷ԪոҪ˵һ˿˹Ԫֽס֪Լʲô
˿Ҫܴ·ҲûܴģȻ󵽴ɺãȥΪҩ
Ԫεزɾ壬ŶԼ˿ؼλǺãȻɵ˴֮ϡ
ոһ£Ԫ;ûʹȷʵᣬȷʵҪҩȻת澭Ч
һսʧѪԪ¾;ƤҲǷûҩˣԭڶһ˵Ĵϳ˯ȥ


409 Ů
ΧģһƬ磬Ǭ磬֪ںη
ϡֻܼǵãһļһֱչԼÿʱÿ̶ԼߣůֲͣظԼǹ̵̹ģֵƶʹͻһЩ
ԪҲ֪ԼʲôʱˣֻǾЩ˿ںתԭ
Ժſ۾ߺ˶һ¡
ˣ
Ԫ۾ϸһԼڶĴϣһɫС£һɫȹӣҲڴϣ˫ֱϥؿԼЦ
ҡ˯˶ˣ
࣬ѡ
ôȥôˣ
ԪʱԼҪȥģңλ϶ǽ˰ȻԼ˻Ԫͻ۽ȥҲ֪ôˡ
϶ȴæסļ򣬶һҶ˻ûãҪʲôȥ
Ԫ漱еصܼҪϵȥ
Ԫ۾˵Ҫߣʱͺ۾
֪λ֮ôҪȥѵ»ԼҪɣֲǻʵۡ
Ҳǻʵֵۣӻڳôܲأ
ҲУ
ҪˮִصҾͲȥûãﶼȥҪȥҲǵ˺ˣȻһȥ
㣡ȥʲô
Ԫһ㶣ºͶûʲôϵɡ
ȥѽ㲻ϣ˭ʵۣҾͰɱˣȻϣʵ۵ϻλ˭ҷԣ͡ԣҲܼɱˣǾͰѷԵ˶ץȵӸӻ
ЩɵԪ治ЦõصôҲѵֻİ취𣿡
϶ȴز˲۾ȻþӸµŻԪ棬С˫°ʹһ˿Ļߣ취ûУкܶ࣬ǶûֱЧȻѾɵĽ⣬ȻͲ鷳ˣҿҲǿ¶𡣡
Ƽ򵥵Ļش𣬻Ԫȴһʱ޷Ļ
ѽ˾Եôܶ࿴ƸӵľͻӭжˣֻҪȥ˳ɵԪֳԪɣ̫ʦһˣôλֻԪˡ
ԪҲֱһɵǲܵģȥûֵܵˡ
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ԪҲò϶Ļеûã治ǰȥ
ĬĬظһڵƣԪͻȻط֣ԼѾ˺ܶ࣬˽̣˸ȶ
϶ʱ棬ùԼˡ
ĵƿһ±ӣԪ濴һɫĴ̿㲻֪ʲôʱ򴩵ԼϣЩΣҲЩм
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˵Ԫɻ¸ͷһУǺֵġ
ݻԪ֪һˣ书ǿ䡣
ϢǾԶԼģΪԶǶʦܣԶԻԪ˵Ķʦֻ֣֮䲢ûʲô̫Ľ飬ԶļλʦʦûʲôĽӴ
һʦ㣬Զû˵ֻ֣߻Ԫ棬ǵʦȽҹʦֶʦĪаԶСĵӡ
ȽҹǺųưǰĵһŮǶĽĶ󣬸ǼһһؼʦǷɵǿ䣬ĪаǸ꽣ԶǱڤ񹦡
˵ԶǲŪģϾԶ˵飬ڶʮǰӦòԼ˵ѡ
ǽڻԪ濴ôһòˣԲ֮Ȼǣ绪ôܺ˴ϱأ
ϾԪ洩ԽŮ˻ֱܷĳģڵԺߡ
ӡ֮УҪ˻ӵԹſϰģ֪䣬֪ǱǲһģһĻôֻ˵棬ȫȻܽ˳׵ıŮˣӿѧǶ˵ǲġ
ʹ˱ãԪҲӣǰʱÿĸ֮۲Ҳ΢΢һЦ͹
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߻Ԫ˵ţǱ߶סصͷŬգ۾۾ˮҧź촽ݼ촽ҧơ
˺ˣ˵ʵģǧҪģԲͬһСŮһǿޱء
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ƽ˺һ󣬶Ż³һЩ˼ص̫ˣϲޣ㲻ЦңһжΪ㣬ȻǰŲӵġ
Ϊңɡ
ȻΪ㣬ҪŪ˼ҵģҪƻҵħģҪҸжҪ㽫ӽΪˣôʱˮȵʮˮࡣ
˵Ժ󣬶ֵ֪϶кܶʣ㣬ܶ˶ʣҴеŮת䣬ʵЩܶ˶۹⿴ң飬ϣԼһˡ
˵ĿԶ˻֮УʼؽԼĹ¡
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֪ڶҪߣԼߵĶ
ܵ˻ԪĹҲץ֣Ŀ䵽ϣĿԣڵһ֪˻Ůˡ
⣬Զ𣬿Ҹ㣬飬˵Ǽ֪⣬Ψһһ֪ġ
˵Ժ󣬶ظӣ˻ԪĶߣſСߴ˵һ仰


410 Ƽɵ
ڶҪ˵ʲôʵԪҲǺܽŵġ
˵Щìܡ
ΪӦŮӣӰһֱͷɢȥ֮ǰǸˣô֮仹ܹôܰĬദȥ
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ʱɿ˻Ԫ֣ڴϷ˸ȫûķɣеֻŮķ顣
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㵱ʱ֪С𣿡
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Ԫ˵仰ĿԻԪһԶ𣿡
Ԫûʲôԥصźܽ


411 ԵŮ
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޼йᶫӶٰף¶µһܻȥħٵҡ
֮޼ͬţִ֮ǰͻȻѣɶٰ컨꣬ö
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Ҳûа취ˣµٳѡֻһ¡
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ЩȻϷԼʵϸûȥѡҲûԸȥĶŮˣ׻˵Ůĺ룬˭֪ǲǹɢĻЩϹ˭ȥˣôҲӭľ֮֡
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ƵĵͷѾκθӵҪܶ飬Ҫ˼ɺܶණ̫ˣھ򵥵ÿչӱֶˡϧֿˣеʱ룬ҪҪٴνˣȻûа취ˣҾͿһֱչˡ
ĻûԪ治亹ֱðֲ̧һ¶ͷ
翴Ԫӣ̲סڿЦɫҪСŶҿõ磬µһ֣ϲˣϲĶûܹߵģ㻹ǸЩʲôõͳͳİɣҳֳǣ


412 ˵ӵ
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⼸춫Լܺãʲô鶼ÿźͿˣûԪǳĲ˼
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˵˵ţ۽ǵˮԲ㲻֪ԲζʲôҸ㣬Ҳ궼ഺפֻҪҲŬδؾͲܳɹأ˵ɲạ̊́˵ת˿ѩһգȪڤȥǣбһ˵
һ䷢ĵĻͬشûڻԪţȰЩ԰
ˮԽԽ࣬𽥷˵ãΪʵⶼʵôʵʲôұ㣬ȴϱңо˵ʵܿ㲢飬Ϊʲôôһů
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ʧˣԼҲĳ򶯡
Ϊ鰮ǿգԪҲ͸ȴѡ
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˵꣬ʵضŻԪ棬Ķ
Ѿ̯ˣһ̣δشתۣһеȨС
ͬһȴеͽڵо


413 
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ҲĺӲԼֻǵýؿڣıס壬ʹʧ
ʲôʲôµһһ̣ܵõһĵĻҸ
ԪҲƾ޾ͿްɣϲõĿ޹ˣĽûˡ
оڲҵ壬˶ʮһõй޵ذҲ֪˶ãԲȻоˡ
ôأҵͨʸı䣬ȻҲ۵𣿡
ŻĶ磬Ԫ㲻ۣҪϢһ£˯ɣ˯һľһȫµˡ
˵ͷԻԪĺˡ
Ԫ潫С汧һ㣬ȻӷŵԼļϡ
ֺͻԪĽһ㣬Ħţַʽ˴˵ϲǡ
šָо̫ˡ
ûгԹζĶ΢Цű۾ȻľҪ˯ȥ
ԪϵıӣԼ˶棬ֻ¶ͷ
΢΢һ۾ŻԪЦһβҾҲֵˡ
Ԫ΢Ц֣ڱס֡
ЦŽֶ˿Ȼ¶棬һڵļյƻȻֶ
ڹ˲谵۾ںڰ֮ԻԪһգȼյﻨҾ;ԲϨ𡣡
Ԫﰵ̾Ϣ黹˵׼
м񣬵ͯӹϵͳԼҲһֱڣǾԲԽ׳һģֻܽСص棬Ժ鶼δ֪ģǽϣǺúõϢһκ𣿡
粻һۣĻָĺˣûǸʱҲġ
ԪﰵֹҲҪ
ͻȻһ˱ǣȻһ»Ԫա
һԪֱЩѳֲסĸоƫƫһ£͹ԹԵؿԼļ棬۾һͺȣǳ˯ȥˡ
ԪҲƽһЩǱ˯Ҳǵһηˣ㶼ϢˣҲһ
ĽʵֱĽһЩԪҲ˯˹ȥ
ȴԼ֮Ĺٵϣƥڿٱۡ
½ʦ֣һЩɣȥҲôһʱ䣬ǻλɲˡ
һԼʮŮ˻۵Ĳᣬǰһӿڡ
ӿȥŮӣЩĮͷŮһۣ㣬֪ģ¹ػλ֮Ϊ˱˴˵𣬷׷ƼĲģʦһζпɽǰ˼Ϊ˿ǵǻûʼ£ͱ·ſˣܶԵ˼ҵ
½Ĭ㣬˳ҾͳȥԼݰɣһ˾֧Ԫɵ˻ʵۣ˵ȥ֮ʦʹǸķء
ӳΪŮԹһ󣬻ЩصѾ·ܳʱˣ˲һûϢˣҵĹͷҪɢˣٲϢĻƥͻˤȥˡ
Щεҡҡͷڼ죬ƫƫǰʦİ½ڣ񾳽绹ûȶ治ýġ
½Ĭ˰
Ҿôˣʦ˵ˣҪģʦڵľֻҪˣ֮ԿȥãûѧãٸҲûá
½Ĭҡҡͷúúã˵ĽҰģǵʲôطȥϢѽ
Ҳܣȸҵطʦ֣Ҫչҡ
½ĬȻԼʦҲûʲôð취ֻ´һ󣺡ȲԶʦйںȿƷΧڳͣǱЩ뿪뻨سҲԶˡ
㲻ĻıӣҪߣһֲǵĹȥʲôΣգ
ѵ֪ǶѾԲ֮Ϊ½һ֣Ҹˡ
֪ʲôϵֲȥѵӺ׷ɱ𣿡
ǵȻȥʦ½֮УҪĵľǲ򲻵ѣһܱ¶ǵľȻϢһȥǶ϶׷ɱǣͨҵʦ䣬ʱ鷳ˡ
ʱЩصʦͶ֮便ʲôԹʦ𣿡
½ĬҡҡͷǺһˣ񡭡ǺǸйء
ĸˣ˵
½ĬЩԸ⿪ڣָָա
ԣ澪½Ĭ˵ʲôˣû뵽漰ǸˣҲҼˡ
½ĬҲܸϢˡ
½ĬҲ߶ǰ
һζͻȻ½Ĭʦ㿴ϣ
½Ĭæ̧ͷ˳ָķȥ
¶ʮˣˬңԶ֮ϣһֻ޴ӥȶڿа
ֻӥó棬ƽʱӥչ׳ˣһֻչףʹԶߣҲɷǳ𺳡
ô˾޴ӥܴ˷˰ɣ
Ҳ㵣֮еĴ
½Ĭ˵ͷȷʵԴˣϸһ£ӥıϣһˡ
㼱æۿӥѾԶȥҽǶı䣬ûпӥıš
Уôûпأ
ȷʵС
½Ĭһӥǰķȥӥϵˣ϶ҲǽʿĪǴ˵Ŀĵغһģȥ𣿡
ƲƲ죺ʦ֣̫˰ɣѵȥľͶȥѵͲȥ򣿡
½ĬûлشĻüӥϵˣ˵µķһֻ޴ӥѵⳤһ£ҲҪвɣ
֣;ˣѵǻɣ
㲻ֵķɣӦúͶϵǳǶֻͬ볤£˳ãǲ˳ֻ¶ҲԹֻۣ֣鷳ˡ
ʦ֣̫ˣҲȥأҲҲ֧Ԫɵء
½Ĭ̾ϢһԸ˰ɡ


414 ˲֮
˼ձ֮ɫڷ磬ˬƵᣬǷǳʺϽӥС
ǻԪ滹ִҪ뿪ȡ
ʱѾ˾ѮԪǳ飬ʵڲĻԪǸͷࡣ
ȻԪϵͳԶжΪ˲֮еҹ棬һʵûҹĻڳһ
۽һ𣬿𲻵ʲôԼ
뿪ȵʱ򣬶ͻԪһߣκκȺףڻԪһҪ£ʱغȣλϡ
λöڻԪǳҪ˵ֻҪԪ̾ͻλǳʱڣû˻ɶľ
ϵͳҪһŹģ㵱ɡ
ʹԪĹ򣬽Ϊһѡٻһѡ٣ҲҪһ
ڵʹҲԷڣλãֻöȥ
ȵʱ򣬻ԪĹһͻͽǸʱŵ֮λҲ˳ˡ
һԸ⣬ŴκͻԪּۻۣڴһʶǾֻҪҵһʺϵѡʱֺȴ֣ôͿʱ뿪
ʹҲǲԸԪ뿪ӲڻԪ˺õںһ졣
һһҹûгѣٴλŮҲ˵ҪڻԪĻǵЦݼڽ໥˵Ĺ۵һա
ֱ¶ʮյ峿Ԫڶ£ſڳӥգ뿪˺ȡ
ߵʱᾡѰܴԼֺճˣĻڻԪû뿪ʱҲȥ
ȻʺϽӥУǻԪҲûа취ֻýӥɸһЩһ˼ʹˣҲӥϵԼ
ԼһֻӥڽѾˣԼм϶䵽һЩ˵ԪҲںԼ˳ҲҪ¶ģ¶мҲν
ӺȳǰҪԼյʱ䣬ӥٸ·ĸʱ֮ĳѾңң
ԪûǷȥΪ볤ʮ֮ԭҰ֮Уһս
ȥˣԪ治һһȥܣֱӷɹȥģھսص֮⣬ϵͳͻȻʾ
ʺϽ֮ѡǷǰ
ԪʱˣôˣϵͳҲûʾһʺϰ˲ڵѡû뵽Ȼ˽ޡ
ɰ˲ϵͳؽΪģΪ⡰ء֣ԪҲһҪȡһ£ӥֱսصɳ۶ȥ
ս˫Ƚ⣬һʮˣĸ쾳磬Ű˾ŸĺԲΧһڡ
ʮˣŴ綼࣬Ӧͬһ֯ȫý
Ǹڣ˫һһ̵УڱȽŵı
һ£Լʮ߰ͣѾ˺üˣҲʬ塣
ȻսǺԣΧȦǻˣֻҪԷʮЭᱻɱ
ɱʮҲ϶Ҫ൱ۡ
Ԫս˫ͣ
ʮеĴ֮ˣֻӥһкĿϲæĿǺɽµķһʦ
Ԫһ£û뵽Ȼ˻ʶԼڵƶɮһ䣬֪λʩγƺ
Ȼһʦ̫ˣСԪ¸ϵĻߵЩֵܶǣһʦͽܻԪʦǸϣֵǶ㶼Ǿĺѽ
Ŷ˵ԪԪµĸϣ
ûл۽ʦҲڣʱ䣬ͳЩǻԪʦǵġԪʦ书ߣѾܳ˺ܶˣڳҲ𽥵վ˽ŸԪʦû
Ԫ˵ͷãԪûǳʲôӣһԼҲܷһЩ
˿ЩˣԪǣ
ʦǳĸ֣׷ɱܶˣ½ס书ܸߣѾ˺üֵܣûܽ¡ʦˣôͲˡ
˵Ժ󣬴תǸ˫ĺ˵ģַһʦڵľ֣ǿµĶˣרµģһǳЩȫǶ֣ʶģԹԷôʦ䣡
Ǹ˿˻ԪһۣҲš
˵Ӱʱڽȵַɵ¼һ׮׮һѾˡ
ɽһս֮Ѿձ϶ַʵǿڣɽħֳ̳ټĶ𶯽
֮Ԫܶһ£Ǳ˳ȥ
誣ɱ飬ֵ۾
誺ʲôѽǰǰħĴڣȻҲַĪַѾ˲ڲ˵ʵ
ǼʹǲˣҲԾ֮лɱʵһ¥ﵽݷǸ̶ȣܿԣɱǲܵ顣
ƫƫԪˣЩˣһ仮ֵ˽֮Уݷ磬Īаһ֮ȥˡ
ûݷ˵ʵǾƾսѾ˵ˣҲǰ˫ĺˡ
һˣܵ˼һûʱܲˣڸӲˣֻҧţһ俴ҧ˭ĳ
Ԫ濴ˣӦڣ붥廹һЩҲǳѵˣܴﵽϰš
ްǱյµģڵѴڣǵзˣóȻȥգֻ»Ԫµᡣ
ԼҪԪģܸոյͲᣬǶں鿪չ̫ˡ
ˣԪӷλʩҪſϷأ
Ԫ淢ʣʮ㣬˵ƾ˼֣ǿԼֵһ䣬Ϊޣڵľ֣ѵԴСĶҳֲɣҲںѵ½Ц
˵Ԫ治ȻʧЦʲôʱʼԼҲΪˣ
˵ԼԴСҪ֪ƶɮͯӹŽûã㶼ڶˣҪ˵ԴСҲ˵ɡ
Ҿ˵ҲȻԪҪ˵Ȼʵ˿Ц
ǻԪ滹ȻǾ֣ôԪȻҪװȥģܶʱһֵݣܽܶ಻Ҫ鷳
λʩк֮£ƶɮڴɱҵĲ̣ˣƶɮ͸һᣬֻҪ¼вܣ֮ƶɮͲٹʣ㿴Σ
ϴȴһھܾˣһУҵɵӣǸͽܻԪڳѾ˵ˣΪû¼һУԲűͽܣһжûסԸһڻ˵УѵΪǰ׳ղɣ


415 һо
ĺӲҺͻԪԶģЩ̿ʼں׷׺
СӣôˣղŲͦ𣡡
ôһʦأбʹѽ
ڱǸҲΪԻԪһʦޣһţϲǶ֣Ҳ
Ԫ˵Цǲ֪кβ
ӵ˵У񽭺Ϻ˲֪һ䷽ӲѾĵǹ룬߲֮Ҷ򲻶㣬Ӯ㣿㶼ˣǵıԱͲƽҪȵĻҲڣȻԲȡ
һԻԪʦҪģֱӽɵ¶ˡ
Ԫ΢΢ҡͷƶɮǳˣɺɱˡ
Ҳûϵʦͽſ£ʣĽǾˡ
ĻԼɱкβͬǲعˣԸ
Ԫ˵ţԺ˰˰֣ȻԼǰԪģδİ˲ڵӣɱǾɱõģ²
֪λʩγƺ
ɽºħ
ԱشˣԪ濴ɽԭʩȻ飬ôƶɮ˵ʱء
ɽǺҷܵһ仰û뵽оȻ˵ԼڣЦʦҳԣ˵
ƶɮӲ˵ҲҳԷʩܷľǡ
ҽڣǱ˵䣬ʲôС
á
ԪͷߵЩһۣȻȥɣ齻ˣȥ֮󣬸ֵӣ˵ҺܿҲȥ
ʩչඥҲô׵ģȾԲܱϣǳǹඥ볡ԪҪҸƧĵط
ʦǡ
˵ˣȥǡ
Щ˶ЩΪɽǵˣǰڻԪ书ҲΥ׷뿪ҰƻȥҪԪˡ
ʱ򣬾ʣԪɽˣǸɽЩĿɿڴ˵
ʩƶɮҪһ㣬ҪͼƶɮǰˣܲˣҲûֿң޷ƶɮ˺
ɽ˵ͷڻԪĻϡ
ȻˣƶɮɱԸ㣬׾ٵģҲûбҪƭ㣬һƶɮὫĹڣҲӽ壬һ󾳽磬Ҫƶɮף
ɽŵؿŻԪ棺ʦ˵ÿģڿҵЦɡ
Ԫûлش⣬Ƕɽʦţ
ǽӣʦš
ãƶɮɣ
Ԫ˵֮꣬еĽӥ£ԪһŲɽߣһץɽ㣬ϻԪͻȻһͷԷΣͱԪһָѨȻһӣԼҲԾ
ӥһᣬֱ䵽˽ӥıϡ
ӥնѸٵԶһɽзȥ
Ԫɴĳڣ߶
ⳤһ䣬ԪӿʼȫѾվ˽Ÿ˳֧֣ĽְԪѸٽѾԽԽˡ
ϾԪде˶֪ϻʵǴԪΪ̫ӵģԪ̫ʦЩˣϵɹžӸ͢ʩѹȵЩϳ̱̬ס˾档
Ԫɲ֪Ӻδ˴Ľˣʼϵİɱжһʱ䳤ڷণΣ
ĳһΪԪɺԪƿʦţʵ൱ӣҪӵֲʵ
̫ʦЩȻ֧Ԫɣ߹رأЩľӶۼڱ߹ش뷴ҲܣֻǵȳĵĽ
־֮£ʵܶ˶ڹȴʤߣϾȼ֮Ҳ˭еģǰվӵҲôࡣ
ԪɺµıʿҲо˺ܶ෨ӶԸԪǶûȡ̫ĳЧԪҲо˺ܶ෨ԸԼҲһһ⡣
ʵѾֲ˼ˣһЩĲѾˣԪɳ׵ʧȥģѾ¶ĸɵԪ֧ǰǡ
ԪҲвٽ˰ɳڵľԪһʱ޷֡
ͬȹϵһ߶ʱһߡ
ˣ
һߣԪɺ˾һϲӭȥ
߰˰֣£Ϸɲʲô
ͱǫˣ˵˵γȥϵˣ
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Ԫһ£һ룿ô˵ã
Ϸߵ£ȥҵԮǽϵľ֣ڡħ̡Ϸһλʶħܾ̾Ϸ顣
ĪΪ׼ﲻ𣿡
Ϊ£ħڶ࣬ħֻݷͲ˶ˣҪʱĪаһˣҲܶԸֵڸ֣ǳ鲻ǡ
һεص˵ͷʵʣأ
ڵ˴Ӧˣ˵ҪԸ£ǵܸߣֻǾڵĿľʦض꣬ڵĳϹҪܵ
ԪҲ֪˭˵һϣ书Ҳܸߣ˷ܵصͷ
һĻôаô¶أ
ߵʵһˣֵĺиͲڻ£ܿϧûǰͽܹ˵а
Ƿ˵ǸŮˣ
ȷʵһŮӡ
ŮΪֲǰأ
֪ϷҲżȻĻ˴ˣǷϷһ飬ȻϷûʸȥ
ͽǰ𣿡
·ģȻĵӣǱҲߵˣô˵ɣǶԵнһ㣬ǾһУ
һУ
ɱоһУһɱˣô˾ͳǵΧ
ԪЩŵҡͷȻϰ޳ɣ֪ʶһЩģָֽսһоֵܽģʵ󣬲Ȼ޿ܰɡ
˵ģʵˣŮѧϰһľֻҲû˿һоô£Ϊ˶Ѿˡ
ô
ϷҲ֪书ô¶ϷͽܣѾõֵ洫Ըһڣһӣٲ֮ڣ
˵ֲһ䣺˵ˣͽֻɳһΣԵҪԸ˭ҪòС


416 ֮
Ԫ߽ĴŵʱԪѾ츮ڼȫԱȺʱˡ
лԪͻ۽ҲȺ֮УԪˣ׷
Ԫ˵ͷȻԪ
Ԫæãɴʦѽ㵽ˣõЩ˵֪ͨԺ󣬱ȺˣҪȥѰˡ
ԪЦ¶ˡ
Ԫ濴ۣǸħûиʦʲô鷳ɣ
Ԫ濴Ԫһۣﰵ̾Щ˵ĻԪˣԼͳʲôᡣ
ɽԪŪˣֻڻûжţһûġ
Ԫûʹ£ԪȻԺпܵʵۣΪԽߣԪڻʵҲûʲô֮ģֻڵѾˡ
ͺãͺá
ԪҲû׷ʣԪģָҵ
˽˸УԪԪʢϯרһիԪ档
ȻԪҲûŻԪͻ۽óһ١
ϯ˲٣ܶ˿ԪĿⶼžڽҲǴˣַɵĵλҲ͡
һսǸԪƣɱɽźһ£ý˲òķɸӸ߿һۡ
ʵ֤ɽźЩȷʵˣ޼ң˸³ʹǵ˵иǱ˼˵
ܻɱڸ֣һڣԪֵʵˡ
ʵԪԼ֣кܳһ·Ҫߡ
ǶԷԼѧ·оͨ͸һͨڶԼѲֻԼĵƣûôױ͸
ȻǸ֣һԪҲһӣ˵ʾҲǵͷΪ񣬸ʮ㡣
ϯԪԪ£һʦǱչصĹؼʱڣԻƶɮˣ㲻кβĵİɣ
ʦѾǧлˣдʦڳűĴ¿ѽ
ǲ֪ҪƶɮЩʲôԸأ
ԪæʦڱҲûʲô飬ҪҵİȫͿˡһЩйĶǵ飬ȻרŵȥҴֲ٣ǵвܴգԪʦȥˡ
ŶѾΣ𣿡
û̫ΣˣԴԴϵ˵ɱϮ֧ҵˣұ˶ϮЩɱֵʵҲԽԽǿûи򣬱˵ǳϦ
Ԫ˵ͷȻˣƶɮס£ȣƶɮֻ𱣻µİȫƶɮһŲܣҲ롣
лʦʦǰЩӸйһʱ䣬ټس˶Աʾ֧֡
Ŷ£ǿǹϲүˡ
ҲʲôˣҲֻ֪Ǹѵʱ̫̣ܶ鶼ûţȻͻõ֧֡ˣҲռϷ磬ֻҪܻλλ֮ʤͺܴ󡣡
Ԫ˵ͷ컹վԪһġ
ԪֵҲΪˣЩǽˣʱ䰵ɱֶβϣ˵ȥҽˣԱļ쿴ʦҲŰһЩʦǼʱѽ
˵ҲͲˣԪ沢֪Ԫĺܶ飬ֻǸ𱣻ԪİȫԼ޹ء
ҲԵĲˣס
ԪԪ氲סĸڣһ飬ҲиӦ
ԪܾûԪԼǽ䰲ԪķϾԪڵĸ֣һһĺڣӦͻ¼
Ԫķڣļĸ֮ˣʵǿҲһոսڵģԪۡ
Ų׵Ԫʱס
չԼǻ۽Ԫ浽󣬻۽һͻԪһʱ䳤顣
Ǹոʱ򣬾ƻûôǸʱԪܾȥͳЩ˶֣ڻԪĳ£ȷʵһȴóЩ˽ڽڰˡ
һʱͲˣĸԽԽ࣬ڡ
Ԫ˵ȫҲʱܵвԻԪҲͲ뿪ˡ
Ԫ㶮£ԪҲһЩԻ۽֪ǳ˶һЩʲô𣿡
۽ĿǰΪֹûʲôر֣֪һˣģǸڣĹԪʦ֣Ǵ˽㣬Щ˶ġ
Ԫ˵ͷһ̶ȣʵ߶һЩһЩѾ𲻵ãֻҪ֣޹ش֡
ೡս󣬻Ԫ治֪ҲѾ˸̸ֵ̬Ҳ¶
ǵģǵ˵ǰһʱȥٵطƽսҲܴƲȥ˭ˡ
˭
Ҳֻǲ²⣬ｭ˲٣ݴҵķӦȥɽħ̳ȥɽ
طԪҲ΢΢ü
ɽħ̲˵ˣһݷ߲ǰǲõֵϾ˶Լ֪һЩϸģ誺ϧǰ֮ǿ϶ҲܹƳԼʵʵ
ɽħҲ̫ƽĪавûнӴɲɲҲħ̵ĹϵõҲǺħ̶ģԪ治ΪݷͲ˻׵ǰ
Īа͹ͷ۵ˣ˶óȻ𿪣˵Īаħ̶ȨˣɵĻ
һصҲֵӣɽɣںʹȺի
ɺأֻڵĿľʦȺիᣬǶûмˣֻ֪֡
ԪѾ֪˺ܶ飬֪˶˵ʵݣҪҲһ鷳顣
ǲ֪ȥɽҵľڻǴȺի
Ϣ󣬻Ԫ˼һֶԻ۽Ŀɻҹ𣿡
پûʲôˣֻȥɽʱͦ;תҲ֪ʲôȥˡ
Ԫ˵ͷ޾ϸ֪ЩѾˡ
ˣҲϢɣʱҾһֱڷߵû²Ҫڷڰ칫ƶɮ޶ȵر֤İȫ
۽ȥԪ˷š
ʱԪʶһεĳ֮²ô򵥵ģŻλļһ˵ԽԽĽֲС
λ󣬶ٵ漯ǣţǧ˿ƣ޷
ֱǶԹᣬ˭Ҳ֪Ĳϵͻǣһ֣ͱ۽ʲôˣԼͻͷԼ£϶һеԼ߸Լ𣬶һһġ
ƶţпܱλ֮ǣⶼ˵׼
»ԪֻϣЩֽ볤λ֮ʱ򣬻¶ʮ֮
ΪѾǾ¶ʮҹϾ͵˾¶ʮٹ죬Ǿ³齱ʱ䵽ˡ


417 ·
ʱһιȥ죬˾¶ʮҲûʲô״
ԪڻλѾģھڵȴʱһٶ»ȨԼԼϵ˽ֹȥҳ鷳˸㲻ʱ̶ڶֵĻ֮¡
ԪǱߵ˲֪ôҲû˶Ҫҵ˻ûе
ͺǰĺڰʱҶڵȴȴΪаյʱ̵
ۿʮˣתһƬɫ
һƬҶƮƮ˴ǰϸ΢
һϸ΢˻Ԫ۾
ʱƣԪЩвֵƽɣԽԽģ󱬷ʱ̣ǿ籩꽫ݻһС
ʱ̶ڽ״̬Ҷܾ
ȫĵˣһֱû
ȥˣԪӦóȥһߣһ飬̫״̬һ¡
룬Ԫ뿪Լķ䣬ԱԪķſڡ
ЩԪ棬Ƕ֪ܵ˹ؼʱвǱĻڵˣһҪʱ˽֮鷳ʹˡ
ԪԪķ䣬Ԫڿġ
ʦˣ
ԪæԪԪȴûǶԪ£ƶɮȥһߣ͵¸١
ʦҪȥ
˵ԪȥߣԪЩģǵĻԪ棬ǵˣûܱԼ
ģԪһֱµģƶɮýӥӳϿգμɵǰƶɮҲһʱ̸֪ϻء
ӥѾˣԪɴóһ˵ԪһЩ
ǼȻˡʦȥء
ƶɮֻߣ϶¡
Ԫ֮󣬻ԪŻ۽뿪˿
λڳ࣬Ȩۼ򣬳˿֮󣬻ԪŴ·ǰУҲûоĿģߡ
ĽֵƧ·һɫĻҶŲȥɳɳ졣
۽ŻԪţ˵ʱ̽Ϣ
ݸϢԪµѾʼжˣܿʮ³һͻᷢλʵ֮λԪɵһȨԪһϾɱ
ڹ͢Ұ֮Уõʵֵ֧ԪվռϷ磬ԪһѾˡ
ɹԶˮʣʱڲܼʱԪ֧֡
ȻԪЩ˲ִУǻٳٲӦǵȴһѵʱĸֻû
Ʋ⣬Ԫȡλô֮ڱضжΪʮ³һʱлӹἯѾ֮ʵĻʵۣǸʱӦþԪʱԪǲڴ֮ǰֻ֣¾ûлˡ
ԪŻ۽ĻǰУͷԪĻܴˡ
ûЩϢȻ׼ȷҲǿѨ磬˵ԪѾȡ˳ĸʦŵʵʿȨһʦŵĳʵ⣬Ԫĸʦţ˫ƽͻбĶԶԪûʤ㡣
ϢԪҲǰȣԪ治򵥣ɳˡ
ԪƵľӽԪɵľӽеôԪ͵ȫ˳ֻҪǣôԭбԪĽ͸˵ˣһ̬ԪˣԪɺֻ֮
£Ԫɻ˼룬ҵġ
Ԫ治ԪɻҳʲôŤתǬ
ʱֻҪԪôԪɼûлģǶԷҳεȸɱԪأ
ݷǸ˸һұ֤һɱԪΪԪ⼸Ҳ֣ԪĲòֻԼ£ѾǧˣԪ鷿棬ܻذ
ԪҡҡͷҲôˣֻҪ֤Ԫ´ƾͲˣʱǻǷغϣúõǵĺУԸһ֮󣬳ξð´ҵ鷢ˡ̫ƽ£Ҳǽ֮ҲǱ߹ؽʿ֮
Щп۽Ҳǵͷ֪ģȻҡͷԵصӸأڵѩڣƺƺɽ
ԪȻʧЦû뵽۽ЩҲڽһ䣺ԾУǰʹǧȥҲһ°˪
Ԫʫʣ۽ЦɹȻĲɣǱб˵ģȴڴ˵߹ؽʿǰָȻǺѽ
ԪҪǫ鼸䣬ͻȻ·ľͷ˵ʹǧȥҲһ°˪Ȼ⾳
Ԫͻ۽ʱһæ濴ȥ
ֻһһŮ·ߵ󻺻תԻԪˡ
ǸӴԼʮ߰ӣ˫ĿգϢԡ
ŮӴԼʮ꣬üĿ㣬ԱȽ׿Ӧһڡ
Ԫûмˣ۽Ҳû
ӿ˻Ԫһַۣɣ
ƶɮ֪ʩǣ
˭Ҫ
Ӱ˰֣ԻԪҺʦøոսǣ·ѣʫ䲻Բһ
Ԫû˵ӻлҪ˵
Ȱַһ䣬ùܵͲҪܣʫ˵ʹǧ֮ȥõʱͷȥҲ׷Ī
ӵĻ۽ȾͳסˣʩĻδ˵̫ˣȻҶԱ·ɲѵƶɮ𣿡
ǸŮӵʵû̫ڻ۽ӣȴܿǳзԱߣôҲǶְɡ
ڻ۽ƣǸûдתҪȥǸŮҲĺ档
ԪûȻҲʮȷӵľ磬ܸо˼ȵΣա
ǻ۽ȴһףԷвߣô¶첽ǰ׷ȥǺˣߣ
ԽԽ죬Ůȴ͵ػͷԻ۽
һ̣ŮͻȻ˺ΪһߣĶס˻۽ƺʱܷһ
۽˲овΣյζ˵һ̣Ȼܡ
ԪҲо˲ŮҪԻ۽֡
ⷨƺǳ۽Ѿһ
ۿ۽ܵвԪҲ˲ף͵طһʨӺ
ӷ𣡡
ûп˭ֻôһ
ǸŮոսڣ˻۽ǱԪôͻȻһ͵زһ£ǹ⾳˲ơ
ûŮηӦͻȻͣס˽Ų˻ԪһַۣɹȻʨӺȻ˵ز֪ʨӺܷЧأ
˵ԺһȻɱӵ


418 ɵ֮в
ƺԼɱ˫ĿضŻԪ档
ҲζԪ͸оһȻɱԼ
ֻһָооԷһ̾ͻ֣ȻԼͻᵹ¡
ԪѾ㹻ǿˣɱ֮£Ȼһʱ޷ŲƺʲôڽԼһ
һ̣Ԫһ书
аã书ԲܸԷֵĻᣬȻԼἫΣգ
һ̣ԪҲоӵ书磬Ȼһոսڵĸ֣
һѾڻԪĻ£Ӳһ
֮ʵܴ󣬲о书һŸѧ֧Խսο˵УԪûв´Ļǲɱ˼
ԪûٴʹʨӺóֻҲûʲôЧ
ڶԷ⾳£ԪĬĬתڵ
ƽʱԪ沢ʹƾֻҪʱŻۼ
һ˲ۣڵĽɫų͡
˲ԪҲǱǣһӲӽϼ
ҿ·ĿǰûˣȻһᱻԪڵ͸סΪ޺ء
һԪʱоһɣԷǹѹ̻룬жѾûˡ
ӶʱһصȻܳҵ
ӷʩ¼û޵еѧ̫ߣǺ¡
ɫ㲻ض˵ֻ̣̽һ°ˣȻЩŹ֣ȡҲ̧֮䡣
˵ԪҲоûȫ
ȻԪҲвٺûʹִ˵еѧԪҲûаգҲһŪãѪ岽³
ȻԪϺ޾ɫк֮£ʩȴһֱɱֻһɽһɽߣδɱƶɮ
ʱǸŮܵߣӵʦ֣ղйֽһֽѵɡ
ӵ⾳ȻԻԪӰѾ󣬵ȴɴڣԻԪַɣǳˣͲˮ¼˭ʵۣкθɣȰ㻹ǹԹԵػȥի𣬲Ҫٳˡ
˵ŻһƬҶƮ䡣
ƣҶ䵽ģҲָ֪ôһתһҶͻȻʧ
۽Աûô£ԪҲûп壬ǻԪ沢η壬Ϊ׼
Ҷʧһ̾ͳ˻Ԫǰ
ƬҶͣڿУԪǰһ޴Ľ֣Ҷ뵽Ԫǰһ߶ľʱ򣬱ǽ赲Ҳ޷ǰ֡
Ԫ֣ƬҶ˹￴˿ժҶԿˣһֱ˲ãϧҶվҶôҲġ
ӱԪȥ˻ҶĹЩϹҲסԻԪѵˣȴ֪ôҪͼŭңȻһͻһʬ塣
ӷʩĻƶɮš
ɫ粻һƺѹŭУ黹û֮ǰҲɱˣ߰ɡ
ԪЦһʩԲӣƶɮԸˣ߰ɡ
˺ݺݵص˻Ԫ漸ַۣɾȻţ±֤ų˼ˣǺڡ
˵ԺͻȻٴڣȻһ˲佫Ԫѹ˹ȥ
ǹвٴ֣ԪоѹԼʱ֣мһġ
Ҳֻһƣ֮ʹǸŮ뿪ˣǻҶĴȥ
Զ۽µصɣǸŮӿҵʱҸоԼһ޷ֿĸоΪʲôѽ
ǵһַֻǸŮûңȻҲᱻƶɮһʨӺ͸ȥˡ
۽Ǹ˺ÿΪβǳǱˡ
Ԫҡҡͷû˵
ڣ߹ԼľлûóԪ沢ûаս¡
һУ˭˭һء
߰ɣǻؿȥ
ôһ£ԪҲû߶飬Էһ֣ͿܻҲˣ»ǱԪͷȴ¡
ص˿֮󣬻Ԫֱӻ˷䣬Ų
Ԫʱʮ³һǾ¶ʮѣԪʲôֶζ֮ʹˣǲΪá
ڷڣԪҲûоԸǸӵķ
ԪѾȷԷʹõľоǷɵ
Լ֪ȻͬкܶƵ书ڣɵԪ׹ˡ
ϱ֪СɵǰͨĵȴĵѰУʱƵСɵ鷢һСɵѷѲ˵ʺ˵ɴ۾Ҳţû˿Сɵγֵģ
Сɵ׳֣һֱض񣬷˼
ϱ֪ĹСɵȻ֪ķɵǲȫͬСɵһ㣬ǻԪȷƵĳɷ֡
СɵûʽǳһҲ㲻ȥֱӶ
һٶȼķɵȻСɵľ裬ʹɵУǾһþѧһﵽ޵ľѧǵİô򵥡
˵СɵǰǰҲ㲻ȥ
ͺñȶ㿪ǹ㲻ȥҲ˵ǹǰһ
һѧԪҲЩоһԼǸʱԪ治֪ԼܲܶĹȥ
ûаգһնûУ
ýӲԺָƻûþԻ
ƺÿһֶУƺС
ԪѾҵĸԴڡ
Լʵǿȱ߶˹ֶΡ
ǿǹɵֻͯӹ쾳磬澭񹦶ǺԲѡ
ǿĹֶΣ˵ҲǴƺצ֡
ѧҲмѧѣޡ
ܽ͸߶˹ֶεĻô۶ԷʲôˣԼ뵽ľȥſ¶֣λԷĹ
ԷϢδԼˣԷϢôԷɵֻ̾ʹۿۣٲвˡ
ͨ㣬ԪҲǰ̾ϢʵĽǳϦ֮Ҳá
̨ܽЯͺˣҲ
Ǽʹų̂ԪҲûлķԼķû
һֱȵ˾¶ʮߵҹԪֹͣһε
дԼСʱҹ͵˾¶ʮˣԪҪӭ³齱ˡ


419 սеĳȡ
ԪֹͣʱѾǾ¶ʮߵˣȵмʮʱֹͣģۿʮһʱȴòͣˡ
Ϊ澹Ȼһغɱ
ʱԪд󾪣û뵽ȻڹеϮˣԪɻǻʱ
Ҳ˲õȴϵͳʱˣϽһԾԪֱȥԪķ䡣
ʲôһҪ֤ԪİȫԪˣôԼһжû塣
˵ԪһôôãԪѾͨùΪλĽһ䵱ʵ۵ģҲǻԪ֧Ԫɡ
ԪķʱԪڽصȴΧ£˺ü㱣š
ԪԪæеʦˣô죿
Ԫ²ļ˭ܸƶɮ˵˵
һǸոմģϮĵ˽һЩԪ淢ʣæشʦǳˣһУߣǺֵܶܶˡ
У
ԪһһǾˡ
۽֮ǰ˵ȥɽҾھҴȺիӦȥѰҾڡ
Ԫ¿˿ʵǵӻԪأ
Ԫʦֿˡ
ԪһʱЩջСӣ϶ǿ֣̲סܳȥˣԪӵѹԪﾪųӣԭѾûиֱˡ
Ԫ滹ȥ濴Ҳȥˣһ˶Էĵɽƣǿɾˡ
²صģƶɮǵãķ֮ڡ
Ԫһ䣬Ԫ˵ͷʦԲķȷʵܵȻˣҾʱܵһ¡
Ԫͷǹؼʱ̣ϮԼҪ齱ˣһԪԱ߶ǲ㣬ֻȶһˡ
ԪڵܵҲʲô̫ȫڣǽǰƿ¶ĵصڣԪ滹ҪΪ俴һ
Ԫ켸ĸ֮ܵ󣬻ԪɴԪλϡ
˿ϵͳʱ䣬ҹʮ㻹ʮӣʮ֮󣬾Ǿ³齱ˡ
غɱԽԽԷĴ̿ͺܶ࣬ǸеĴѾ𽥵ĹԪķ丽
֪δͻȻһԪĴ
ꡱһѡ
һͻȻһ
Ԫ̧־һָһָ˻У˲ҽһȥ
Ԫ˳Ŵȥ
ûģȿǻԪǰ񽣣ںͶԷһзɱ
ǸһɫɮۣһȣƺԼڻԪ֮ϣӽڶĳ̶ȡ
ҲΪǾ¶ʮˣߵûӰԪķ¹ֶòˣȻԲд·ˡ
Ԫʱֵܵһ󣬶һԪ֪ԪСӻһְģǼöҲǳصģڻûó
ԪԪûгȥӭУǼش˷ɡ
Ԫ治濪ʼɱִ̿ͳ䣬ǹǺܸߣܶԻԪʲôӰ죬ָһһԷͳͳ
ʼЩ˻ͼԽԽ˱ڷſڴں󣬺˵ĹҲһЩ
Լ߰˷Ӻ󣬾ûкԸӽԪķˡ
ͬʱԪڵϵͳʾˡ
³齱ʱ䵽Ƿгȡ
Ԫԥһ£Ҫôڹó齱ˡ
ս齱ǲеģԪֻòϵͳʾΪֻϵͳʾ黹δȡĻŻԶȡ
غɱٴδĴ̿;Ȼһ
̶ֳȵսһľѾʲô̫ˣҳĴ̿ƺȿ١
˫սԽؼңԪĿȴ䵽˳ĵڶ̿͵ͷϡ
˲ǱˣǸħɽ
Ԫǻ滺һȻһξͺðˡ
ɽٲȻѾΪ˳е˵һ̿͵ĴͷǸϺУôڶĴͷ˾ˡ
ɽսҲĴ鿴һŴˣȻиֻæ˹ȥ
ɽһ۾Ϳ˻Ԫ棬ʱ¶ϲ
Ԫ濴ɽﳤһ
ɽֽ̧߸Լļ˻ӵȻ˻ԪǰʦҵȲˣҪ̾ͼ֣ԪǱһ춼Ǽ尾
Ԫε̾ϢһұǱһʱ䣬ڹؼʱ̷Ӵôأڿˡ
Ԫ滹ǸʹɵҲԪһˣʱɽ棬ȵʱɽں͵ϮԿһɹ
ڿǲˣɽҲǱߴˣඥ֮ǹҳѾ裬һԪҲҪɽԼ
ǺðɣھﱣΪʦκ˽ӽңֻҪ˳һôͿʽˡ
лʦ
ɽ˫̵ֳһ棬һɼǿŴӻ
ǽӽڶĸ֣һԾڣǰһСڶˣʹǸģҲûһս֮иűУѶԸһڶˡ
ɽıԪлԪ֧֣ɽʱȫûˣԼԳʱ䣬齱ɡ
ʱϵͳĵڶʾ𣺡³齱ʱ䵽Ƿгȡ
һλԪûеȴʱȣ̵ȡ
ѡ˳ȡϵͳһâǾΥϵͳתڳˡ
Ԫúܾúܾöûг齱ˣϵͳת̺󣬾Ȼһеĸо
˵û³齱һβ׼ã͵ˣֽȵ½й
ƫƫʱûԪĸоǳãһεĳ齱עƽӹġ
һߵɽ˫ѾΪԼػʲô˳Ƕ˵̧־һ˳ȥֻɱ
ЩɽûģʹɽΪʲôԼ֡
ɽֻЦӴӽˣǸҹʦȹһذɣ
ɽӵԳƣԪ΢ЦСӺԼոճΪеʱ࣬ʲôܲ˵ģҪԺϰˡ
ɽȫû⣬ԪĿ䵽ϵͳת档
ʮѡȫ𣬻ԪϸĿʼ鿴
иоһεսϳ齱ԻһβѰľƷһҪˣϸˣһ⡣
ÿһεĳ齱úˣһ޴ʵĻᣬԪѾ˷˺ܶᣬ˷ˣ


420 ĶĲ
ɽ֪ԪڸʲôԼûʽԼʦصĺܣһඥֱӾͰԼڣΪһˡ
֪Բǲû˵˵㡣
ʦ˫Ŀ΢ƺڱĿƺ⣬ǲʦڸʲôֻҪıʦȫˡ
ɽԪҲԷĳ齱
ϵͳʮѾﰲĻԪһһϸ鿴
ѡΤӵزصԺáԺ
Ԫ濴˿ƣȽڰúͽԺϾǿԸֵõġ
ҲҪ˶ΣǻԪһֱûгȡ
һ£˸ıҹУǽֵı־Խ
˽ƣٿ
棬ֱǴ󶦡ͷڡ顢һŴ󴲡ħȡоһյ͵ƣûʲôֵ̫ùעĶԪͽʱˡ
оǲľ
ֲѡ棬һС磬Ȼ磡
ƽʱǺܶһ⻹ǵһγ磬һλֲѡһصġ
ΪʥġԭΪϲ̵ĴʼĲŵΪֱ죬ӡȽ̵ɳϲ²
Ԫ治֪ʲôôȴһԾԾҪõͷ
ѡ棬СһȺ֩룬һȺԭǡ
ԭǻԪ治ô⣬Щ֩ȴ򵥣ϵͳʾǿԲ֪ƣ֯
ͣЪ֯ѵҪһ˿
Ԫҡҡͷ˻þһ
þһηֱ޵þѪصþƤþзþɽþþ
Ѿõмþ磬и߼þ֮󣬻ԪѾʶþһζ׷߼ͺá
»þǸ߼þڵĻԪʩչ̫ѣĿǰ֧Ų˶һһסӵˣһ淭ƵĶûΪֲסˡ
һþڵԪؿ໥룬ʵþúˣҲһŲֶΡ
һεĻþʩչԼͳԽмþԪش˴Чϧá
оһþԪȽǸзֻص޵Ҳܲ
ھ֮ǰԪ滹Ҫϸؿ书ѡ
书ѧмѧһ߼ѧ
ѧֱ书ǧһָ
мѧֱķħĦ
Ԫ۹䵽˸߼ѧϵʱ򣬲һ󼤶
ˣһʧ֮ѧٴγˣ
澭
澭һΪľԪõ˵һڶﵽ˺Բľ磬ֻҪѧϰ˵ʽΪڶ壡
һ޴ĿԽֻҪȡ˾澭ԪĲ˵ڵٻһϡ
ǲͨľҲͨһٽ죬ֱӴﵽڶ壬֮ĿǰͯӹҪǿĴڡ
ǻԪĵƣҲڻþʹõֶΣδս̣̫Ҫˡ
ھ澭ĸãָٶͷȵȣȶʲôˡ
Ǹʱ򣬻ԪҲľǰٶˡ
ܰٶ֣Ǻܶ཭˵룬õİ㣬߽˵ǶôҪ
澭󣬻Ԫ鼤ԼʵԾĹؼڣʲôԲҪ澭һҪ¡
󣬻Ԫ潫Ŀ䵽˴ѡ档
Ϊǰιڵʱ򣬴ķⷨ˴ԪζεˣһοҪС
ϸıϣԪȷЩǴΪǹڡ
ȻûйڴԪȷεĿ꣬һҪȡ澭
Щ󽱡˫Ԫ涼ȡˣΪõЩҲδܵõ澭
֮󣬻Ԫϸļ㲽
μʧܲûûԪϰߣΪÿȻף࣬ϣеġ
о˲Ժ󣬻ԪҪ׼ʼȡˡ
ʱü˳˽
ɽҲʦԥ䣬ĵݺᣬ˷׷׿ڵء
ʦ㾡ܷģеڣûģ
ҲʦʲôҪˣɽ˫һᣬεĵڻԪǰκ˽ӽ
ԪﰲοֻҪԼ齱ɣʽɽΪӣŶˣͽл۵޻۵
ǿʼ˳齱ȣ˳ȥ
ϵͳתһȦ֮󣬹㽥ؽӽ˾澭λá
ƾоһ㣬Ԫʱдϲѽ
һεĸоǳãԪһܳȡ澭ǰԼʧʱҲ٣ǲ̫⡣
˫ճȭͷԪضϵͳ㣬һ澭ӽ
ڹ۶ϣͻȻһӰԾ룬˷֮ڣǸͻԪսϺС
ʱ򣬻ԪѾļָ̿סˣһʱֹڵϺУȻ˽
ɽҲ֪еǰ죬ɽжԶԶģڲһˡ
ɽҲڵĸ֣һڱʦȻ̧־һɳ
ϺҲսôҲƣ̧ƺ˳ȥɽ˶Թ
˵ʯĽ֣ػش˼غϣʤ
ϺһʱòɽˣƶɮסСӣ
ٻ£ʣĴ̿Ƿ׷׾ۼһ𣬶˹赲ˣǽȥ֧ԮϺС
ɽ̾ϺнӽʦҪ赲ˣʱЩæˡ
Ԫʱ򣬳齱ǵʱ̡
ϵͳһƶǲͣ˾澭档
ֻԪ滹ûʱȥҪȳֽĵ˻˲С
صȴϵͳ齱
ʱϵͳʾٴ𣺡ȡ澭ǷʹöĲܣ
Ԫ˵ĲͻȻǸϺѾһ˹Ԫ湥
ɽûע⣬Ԫʱ󾪣æɽһ£
Ԫ汾Ҫ˵סǻոһ̾ʶ˲
ɽˣæסϺУǻԪڵϵͳһ¡֣ΪԪͬ˶Ĳ
Ѿʼ˸ϵͳâһһľ澭Ԫʱᡣ
찡ôİɣֻ˵һ֣ͿʼĲˣҶȡ澭ˣһʲôöĵѽ
Щ棬ûһܺ;澭ȵģҶʲôѽ
ˣԪѾûа취ˣֻǿϵͳâ𽥱䵭Ҫˡ


421 ϵͳĲ
ԪֱǶҪˣ澭óȥĲˣҪˣ޶Ҳŵˡ
նĲĹأĲɹˣƷҲͬ͵ĽƷ
Ҳ˵ʹĲɹˣҲ书ѡһԶԵȵĽƷΪĲʤĽ
ˣô澭ҪͻԪ˵ݰˡ
书ѡȥ⣬书Ӧò;ԵȣԻԪпǻķħǴĦ֮һ
м书˵Ҳ;ԵȣҲû书ѽԪûø߼书ΪעҲȷĳĽƷǲм书
һɱĶĲ˾Ѫ޹飬ӮҲûʲô棬ԪһԸĲǶĲѾʼҲղˡ
ǸڵϺһں˵ڻ¹ͣԪҲһֱɽһ˵ֵĲĽҲԼƣ鼱֮¸ɴһԪҽ
ԪںЩ˲ԪĺкƲЩˣ̽ɱ˽
ԪˣԪҲ֣һʨӺ˳ȥӵĺ˼ͷԺ
ԪֱǸڵϺУЩ˽ɽͻԪˡ
ڵϺпԪǰЩмַɵľƺǺܸߣӦԶԶԼֲŶԡ
ԶڻԪһƣҲû̫ϣӭ
ž
ཻһ졣
ڵϺΪи˲ʹĴۣ˱շ𣬾Ȼֱӽǽҳĵ⣬һǽһεĿ
Ѫڴڵ磬ϺҲ֣һڳһѵҩתȾܡ
Ԫ治׷ֻʵûʱϺг⣬ʣЩ˸ͲɽͻԪʰġ
ͬȺһӵĺʰ˸ɾֻļ©֮Ӵˡ
ʱ򣬻Ԫæ͵еؿһڵϵͳ
ΪĲĽѾˣǻԪȴط֣ϵͳ㻹ڻ˸ٶȷǳǳڻûн
ô£
Ԫʱ󾪣Ĳûùôʱ䰡ôڻûн
߼ҲûãۿɱĺܵܣԪͽвܵԪ
ԪкһֱصԪڴż˳ˣɫ԰ף¡
£ʱȫˣ㲻صˡ
Ԫӵǽ壬ؿڵܵ棬Ҳͨӵķ俴̫ˣҪǴʦֻǸԷĺУֻ±һξҪΣˡ
˵ֿ˿ɽλӢ۸һʦǰ;
ԪԷͷѾˣλԺҲΪֵӣʱûоˣ¿ԷϢƶɮʱȥˡ
˵ҲԪǷ񻹵ģԪ漱ҴҵػصԼķ䡣
Ԫ±Ԫʵ֤ؼʱ̻Ԫܶһġ
ɽͻ۽ǸԪ棬վԪķſڣֹ˴š
Ԫصϣæٴβ鿴ϵͳ
ϵͳĶĲڶûн澭Ĺâûʧ
ԪЩˣнûѽ
нʱӦóˣӮҲӦøһ£ƶɮŪףôô¶
ûôûأ
ǹô˸ػζûԪһֱš
ϸؿ˰죬ԪͻȻ£ϵͳת̵棬һССĽϸ۲죬ֲˡ
ʲô
Ԫ漱æ鿴һ֮£һϵͳʾС֡
ĲɹѰƥĽС
ԪˣԭĲɹˣΪʲôѰƥĽʱôأ
ѵ˵ϵͳ书;ƥ䣬ʺΪĲʤĽ𣿡
һ뵽Ԫʱ鼤ѧƥĻôϵͳ᲻Ūһ߼ѧΪԼĽأ
ĻôԼһλ߼ѧˡ
Ҫ֪еĸ߼ѧ򵥣ҾԻԪˣʮ޺һ޺ѾȡˣȺֻһշħȦˣŻԪ治ôɾ͵õշħȦġ
Լһʲô
澭ľ°벿ֵղϰϴ辭
Ԫ˼ţֱ֣ˣˣ

Ǹϵͳڻǰţ𽥵ؿ˰ٷ֮ٽȡ
ڻԪУϵͳߵͷ
ϵͳʾٴ𣺡ϵͳתδƥĽ
ʲô
Ԫʱ۾͵ɴˣôϵͳתĽƷʣǾͲԼ˲ɣĶɰԼþ澭ƴģô˵Ͳ
澭ûȡԪϵͳת̴ô¶ûƥĽͲҿ飬ǿҿ飡
ʱϵͳٴηʾһʹø߼ƷΪδϵͳת̵书ѡƥ䣬ʱ޷öĲ
Уƾʲôˣ澭϶ˣòӮˣҸ˵
Ԫ漱ˣζĲЩԼĶȥôܲ
ҲϵͳǲףԪһֱĿ飬˵һҪΪԼӦõȨָ
Ϊһֱ飬ϵͳҲȷʵ©Ҳ֪ϵͳôģ˺һ֮ٴʾϵͳ©Իò
һ֣Ԫʱˣ˫۷Źصܸʲôҿѡһ𣿡
ϵͳʾ©Ϊ׼ֲֻѡ֮һ
ϵͳѾ׼ˣԪЩ죬ҪԼѡжãȻϵͳǲͬģȿԼ׼ʲôɡ
ʱϵͳٴâѾڻԪǰ
Ȳ鿴һһƣһľ飬һ书
ǽԺľӣ书ǽշħȦ
Ԫ鼤ѡˡ
Ժʵ϶ҲãշħȦ˵δĴɱ֮һ
ѡ֮ǰҪڶ
ڶҲƷֱǷʹ㣬оǽղϰ
ǰ˵ղϰǷǳʵõģ֮ڵģκιǱаڼң޷ԻԪһ˿˺ˡ
ϰ֮պл°Ļᡣ
ڶ͵һǸǧԪһʱ仹֪ѡˡ
Ŀ䵽˵档
һ֮£ֻһƷһССĵҩ
дһС֣мѧԽһмѧΪ߼ѧ


422 ߼ѧ
Ԫ̾ͱסˡ
û뵽ϵͳ滹ֽƷǰûгֹ
ڻԪǷȱģоǸ߼ѧһЩԵֶѷѾΪԼԪʵһƿ
ҩԽĳһмѧΪ߼ѧһûԪȻĶ
֮£ȻĽȽ϶࣬Ҳأȴûʵˡ
ûʲôԥԪֱѡ˵õмѧ
õöҩ֮ϵͳʾ𣺡³齱ǷȡƷ
Ԫѡȡ֮ϵͳâ³齱ˡ
ؿһ澭һмѧ
ԺоԪѧϰ˾澭ĵ
ķʱ춼ˣԪŽ澭ѧϰϣǰǴûùôõʱġ
ѧϰ֮󣬻Ԫ۾˫һȭͷǡ
ܸоھ׳ǸԵ׳˵ǰ澭һӣھһӿĴ󽭣
ǹȵĻûԪϲǸԵıǿ
ǰԾ澭Ϊãڿ澭ҪΪԼܳһʱˡ
˵һ٣ô쾳ͯӹʮԲҲڶʮңܺͶûоࡣ
ΪѾﵽڵĶ壬Ķ壬޽ӽڡ
Ŀ䵽ԱߵһľͷϣԪ΢΢һ̧֣һ΢ƴ˳ȥľΡ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ȣľλΪҽ
Ԫص˵ͷڶľͿԺЩѧϰϲڹˡ
Ȼ⻹ǻԪĿǰʵȫҪں
һٴںϣڵۼ
ûѧϰ֮ǰԪڵĽɫžۼʱֱԼʮ๫֣˾֮ڵĽɫ˵ʮ幫ϣ㽫һ׵һ޴ɫתţ
ʮֵʮ֣ȻֻʮֵϣѾһ
һԪܸܵԼʩչһЩɫŵǿָںܶʱָ״̬
ĳ־սԪţһڽ֣ǵĶԼѾܳΪˡ
ǿԼԵûԪֵ質
ѾһڣʹЩڶûȣҲˡ
ǿһָûԪѾĺ;һ
ǰսڣԪ滹ҪøּɣȡƣһزˣǲǸĸˣԪҲηĺ沫ɱ
ڽȻΪԼǸ֣һЩ֮ΪԪ治浶ǹĴ򼸳Ӳ̣˶ʵɡ
˵ڻԪȱ㣬ҲǹԵֶλǷȱһЩ涼Ѿǳǿˡ
ֶǷȱҲδؾ⣬Ԫ滹һмѧ
ƽһԽǿԪ潫
мѧĻԼкü֡
ȴơơצָ֡ȵȣмѧ
Ṧһέɽڹ񹦣Ҳܻмѧ֮С
ʨӺԣԪҲ޷ȷǷмѧΪԼӶġ
»ԪṦˣڹҲһέɽ񹦲ǣѡӦѧ֮һ
ѡʵûԪΪˡ
ǽսǿˣܱϺųֵһƵİˡ
˵ѡΪԪ漱һǿֶΡ
ǻԪʣΪպһȡ˸߼ѧƣôǿĴƾͺͰصˣǼ˷ѡ
ȴǿҲҺзȡ
ǴȴƲɱΪȻܵûԪϲս沢رã벻ܸǿ
ǿצֵĻȻǺǿģǻԪצЩвϲΪ书ֹںݶһ־һƬѪ׷ɣַɵݲ
̫⣬ôָֻˡ
ָոճȡʱ򣬿ǻԪĵֶΣԶ̣
ΪָıȽϴ󣬶ԪһֱܵͣʵԲ̫ǿ
ͬˣõ˾澭󣬻ԪѾһߵĸ߶ȣʹָҲˡ
ָûԪʮˣá
ǿԶ̴䡣
󣬻Ԫ̷ֱ˽
̷˽֮ϵͳʾ𣺡ʹмѧѡҪмѧ
ָ
ѡмѧָС
ʱƣԼʮ֮ϵͳһʾмѧָɹΪ߼ѧ
ʾɺ󣬻Ԫغһָ
ĿǴԼǽڣԪָһһһָ
ָĵڶʽСʩչһ΢󣬾ȻֱӽǺǽڶ
ǽǸԲԲСһ⣬Ԫˡ
⻹ָֻĵڶʽȻܴﵽʽһָǻߵʽһָ죬ܴﵽһʲô̶أ
߼ѧȻǲ
Žʵָʹ޵
һָʹĵܿͻָˣɻôûʲôġ
̫ˣ
ԪΪɣôʱѾ˳Ը񣬿Ǵ˿̣ǽסЩ㵸
ϱţǸˣڲôװԸˣ
鼤֮£ԪҲ˲ѹˣΪ˵Ļ˳ʮָһָǺǽڴȥ
שʯмɽһ΢춯Уǽܿͱɸӡ
һĿ׶֣һԪ̲סʩչһָĵʽ
һָǣ
˫ֺ£ʳָǰ죬һָƿնĺХֻһ޴ĺǽǳܲסִ¡һһ׶Ĵ󶴡
ɽͻ۽ڵ죬̾ͳ˽
ɣʲôˣ
ûпˣǽϵĴ󶴣׷׻˻Ԫߣʵ
޷޷һʱˣҪһˡ
ԪЦǺǵվãһʽûʩչʹﵽ̶ȡ
һֱ㷲ҲһγԪƺѾˡ
ɵСӣǰӷɵܲܽƶɮκΣ


423 乬
ԪЩϵҹϮΪʲôûǸɵСӳ֣ѵԪİ
ŪԭͲȥԪҲֵʱֻҪʮ³һԪ߷ǻ˻ʵۣԼҲˡ
¶ʮ˵ϣòڴĻʵڼݱٹһƬʹ
˵ʵۼݱжԪɰ֣Ϊ˵ʵ̫ҽĵ֮£пʮ³һʱʱԪελ
ԪɲûʵɴǰڻʵߵС̫¶ʵ۶
ǸС̫ҲԼû֪ϸԭ
⼸棬ûϮԪǴТڼԪҲûţ˵Ҫʱ
Ԫ׼ĺжҲͳͳóˡ
֧ԪɵһʦųС檼ﱻɱ˴ϣŸʦųλá
ʦųҲԪˣһξھ֧һм٣Լĸƿʦš
ˣʦѾȫԪȨֵԪʮʮյҹʣһʦŷ˹ݵļҽ󣬳һ֧Ԫɵʦűе׹˳Ԫ
ʮ³һʱ֣ǣܿ˳ڵһУԪɵĸۡ
ٵĽʱҲıʾԸ֧ԪƵλ
Ӷ߬ԪЩҡڲĴҲͶϣ׷̬ͨȣ֧Ԫǻ
ԪһԴºһûκεı̬
ֱһŶӷԪɵĸۡʱ򣬲ŷԪɾȻڸۡڲ֪ա
õϢԪȴһҧԪɿ϶ûߣڵȴᣬȻԪ˴֣Ԫɻ̫ʦ֧֣ͨɹˣ϶ʧڵȻᡣ
ԪȫѲ飬ڵҲҪԪҳ
ȡ˳ʵʿȨԪѾΪǻ׼ˡ
ĿǰΨһвԪɣԪɳԪʳѰ
ΪԪͻȻȥôƵλĺпܾԪɣΪʵֻӣˣֻѡһ
ѰԪɣԪҲܼˣʹһΪǻ׼ǻʹİȫһЩΪԪɿ϶⼸칷ǽҪɱԼһΡ
ԪҲôΪģԪ۽ѾʽŵɽҲǻ۵ˣԪ˻ʹ֮С
˰ﵽףԪȻѾ£ҪһֱԪֱǻǳ׽ԪɵвŻ뿪
ʹ֮Ԫסǰʵסƫ֮ڣԪҲסͬһԺ棬Ԫͻ۵ǶʮСʱϵıԪ
ס˻ʹ߰죬ʵ۵ͷ߶չˣԪҲûг֡
ǻѾȷʮ³ʮԪѾȲˡ
߰£ԪסҲЩƵûţ;ڻʹߡ
ûкԪ٣ǳҹʱ֣һ뿪˾סĹڻʹ֮ɢɢġ
ո뿪ƫԪͻȻ˲ԶķһӰһ
ˣ
Ԫ۾΢΢һ£ԪɹȻǻģȻɳǱʹ
ԼְҪԪȫȻЩƻԪĵظȥ
һέɽԪṦѾﵽ˼ߵĳ̶ȣǸˣȻôɡ
һ£Խ̬ӯٶȷǳ֮죬ԪжϣҲһڣһһĺڣܸߡ
Ԫѧϰ˵ľ澭ʵǣո˵Ҳ¶ԷܸԼʲôвǽظ˵ĺ棬һ·Σ˷֡
ǰһӣţһȥ
Ѿ˻ʹ棬Ԫĵؿţһſڣ¿˿֮һԾ˹ԺǽȻһӡ
ԪҲſڣ̧ͷ˿Ҷһ֮£ʱһ
Ϊ⹬ҵӣȻǡ乬
乬ԪһõĻ䣬ǰ֮ʱԪ˵ĵص㣬ڼ䰲òԼ͸ҼǳĺԼ˰£˵ҲǸʱġ
û뵽乬ԼˣһЩҲ˴˴˼Ȼصˡ
ǸղŵǴɱԪģô乬֮ڿܾǵľۼء
Ԫ׵Ľ£˿ˣҲһԾɹԺǽ䵽Ժڡ
˿˽ӣǵԼͰڵķ䡣
Ԫ룬һԾ˷ʩչżڷƬϣûз
סԪһǰϷ
ͣ価ƬԪڵ
һЩ죬΢û˵Ȼ
ԪɴĵƿһƬߣȻڲ鿴
һ˿΢⣬ԪΪĿռȽС沢ûʲôɴͻ˸ǶȣĽǶڿ̽
һۣԪͿһϤĴ̣ǻԼģŰӺɴȵɵĶռ䣬ԼǺͰŴ϶ȹһʱġ
̻ڣ˿ƹ⣬ҲǴ̴ġ
Ϊɴȶ赲ƹⲢᱻ棬Ҳõ˿
һнŲԪ漱æϸ鿴
ֻŵǸߵ˴̵ıϣϻһɴӡ
ۿΣǴӺɴ洹µĳӦһŮɡ
֪ģԪܸоŮӵЩϤ
Ů˴£һͻȻ˵һ仰
鶼ˣ
ЩͳԪĶȴͬôǰõأ
ʱ򣬺ԶĽﴫһҲһŮӣˣͶԪ£˻ʵָ֮С˳ι˶ҩҶ֪С˳ӺԪߵĽȻͻỳԪµ֡
ưõŮӼԪǺܵûʵ۵֧ΪʲôͶɱʵأΪ˼޻Ԫ𣿲˵ʵҪλԪ𣿡
Ǹ˵ŮӼʵʵ۸ͲˣѾܴԪκΰԪӦǾĻʵѾܴˣһ£޻Ĵ磬ӱ
Ů˵˵ͷЩʼҵ˺ģΪ˵λʲô鶼óһĴλ˲еʱ򣬷Ϊõһӣ޲硣
˵Ժ󣬺Ůֵ˵ҲûˣΨе죬ڵǻ֮ǰԪҪȥɨĹʱֵĻᣬǱߵѾ׼ˣһ˸һҪģǣƣǣԪߵĸ֡
Ůӵףÿ˶ǣƵĿˣҸǸµĻԪ˹ܸߣҿ²Ķ֡
Ҫ֣Ҹǣµķһ䣬Ӧûɡ


424 ɵ
Ǹưõ˺һŮӶԻԪ治о
֪ˣʵ۾ȻԪɵİ㣬Ԫİ㡣
ΪʵѾûѵĿܣԪһݣ˻ʵۣȻٶԪɰŵһС̫࣬ͼ޻Ԫɡ
ʵ۵ĴҲûʲôֵˣһܸԪһЩԪλܵõ֧֡
Ծʹ˴飬˵ԪҪΪơ
ʵҲôģĻʵĵһʱ䣬Ԫʹ飬ĺԪɲ죬ر˳
ԪҲһֱûг֣ʵ飬ڹ
ЩԪ氵ĺʼҵȻûԿɽģΪ˵λʲôɥ鶼ܸɵس
ԼѾԪĴѡ˰ʱѾ´ˡ
һ飬˾ǲǰãһûԪǵġ
ǵĻôԣѾԪһԪɵ󷢶ʱԪɨĹʱ
õǸǣԼ
Ԫ治ò˵пܳɹΪöԼ˽⣬֪Լĸ书·
Ԫ治ˣЩ̫˽ԼˣԵԸԼ
ǻԪ治ţҲţûΪ˰ԪɾԸԼ
һ˺ѰʹԪǿסȥĳ嶯ڷ۲ˡ
Ůһֱûг֣˽̸һ֮໥ǣƿǸŮ뿪ˡ
Ԫûȥ٣Ҳȥ٣ҪڵŮǲǰá
һڵĺŮӳȥ£ֳȥͷϴŵŻԪ˴ߵһŵϡ
һͷͬٲ˿£ֱʣⳤԪоǰá
ֹһڻԪޱȵ֮УŮת˴ߡ
ڿĿԪжʱ׻
ϲǵĽ¹ӣԼİ㻹˭
Ȼ˻ʹ乬Ԫɵģ
֪ԼҲ֪Ķ־Լûг֣ûԼѡһ乬ΪԼһս
ѵˣԼ˵Щ˶乬Ϊӣ˺Се
һôᷢѵΪ˰ʼλʲôԲҪ
ԪһƬ䣬ؿ·İãббڴϣ硣
Ԫ滹еļǵ壬ÿһԺɢȥˣȻ˺Լص·
ЩǷϵ˷Ԫ̧ͷ죬ɫ谵
ѾӽʮѮ䣬һɨĹĺӣϣѩɡ
Ԫûȥãǲ¼ҲΣҲ֮ԼǿҲΪѡ
˺һڵĵƻϨˣԪٴοһۣŴغȣҲ֪˯˻ڼ¡
ŴϣҲ˯úɡ
ԪһԾ뿪˷תǧأҲ֪ոôźá
һֱᶨıԪΪԪͰõͻȻָˡ
ԪԪɲһĸԪЩ磬ԪǺТ˳ģûϻʵ۵λãҪȥɨĹҪʵˡ
Ԫ֪ģҲԪһҪעɨĹʱİȫ
ĸǰó裬Աڻ֮УԪҪȥɨĹĸס
ڶգɫ谵糿оƮǵѩ⻹ǽĵһѩ
ʵѾкܶ˽ԪʵˣͲһǻʽˡ
ԪҲѾԻʵԾӣŵʱʮ㣬ӲһûԪвϲ
ʱ򣬻ԪѾûѡˣԪΪֱȽ϶Ԫɵ٣Ԫ滹Ԫʵۡ
ѾûѡˣʵۻǱҪеġ
ԪԴԪ̬ȻõģԪɻûץȫҪԪϣԶԴԪ棬һ˻Ҫܶࡣ
̧ˣԪԪһΡ
п˼ҲûԪڽ汣˼ԪҲûпԪĽӡ
½γţһŶǧУ·ֹսӽһ·򳤰ľȥ
ϣԪԪ£㲻ô˿̴ĵȥ̿𣿡
ԪЦȻ֪дʦޡڱߣȻûʲôµģٴ̿ͣҪ޻ء
Ԫ΢Цƶɮһܻȫ
ȻţҲʦ
Ԫ˵ţ˻ԪһѾ޵͵ԪǰءĻᣬԪж϶ڽˣɨĹӣʵ߳
Ŷ»вãһŶ𣿡
ҲҲ
ԪЦһ־֮Ա
ԪϸشһԪڵƶɮͻȻ֣ܶʱƶɮǵ͹˵£µĴʵǳƶɮ֮⣬ȻɨĹΪһ߳йݣʹ֪ǼƣԪֻҪԻλҰģͲòϹˡ
ʦˣˣ
ûޣ
ԪͻȻڴԪĴЦɫص£ɽȻҪҲҪŰҿģĿ磡
Ԫһ£ԻԪʦ˻Ǻ⣿
ԼúԼĸôģ
ѹڻԪܣֻ֪ҪԼװװͿһ۱һ͹ȥˣû˻׷ģԪǺܿ£ֻҪǻδúôǷǳġ
ǻԪ޷̣ǿȥҪ˵
ԪĻԪɫ˲Ŀһ±
Ԫһ£ƶɮһ£ƶɮȰһ䣬ڿԼҪԼѭӦˬҪǻΪۣƶɮǰߵףһ㣬ֻ̫ܲƽڻúĻʵۣҲƶɮһĸԸһ£
Ԫɫࣺʦô˵ڲұˣ
Ԫ΢΢ҡͷڵ㣬䣡
ڵնʱ
ԪضŻԪ棬֪ԪôõϢԼɱȵ۵ģΪʱ򣬼ʹһЩ֪ҲûʲôԼϾʵˣ¶Լˣ˭ҶԼ˵Ĳɣ
Ǿʱ򣬶ԼεĺУȻ͸Լͷһ
˿˼Լʵ۵棬ֱʹ⣬Լ£
зˣˣ
Ԫڵ뷨
ĻԪ˿̣һƵᣬȴĳȡ
ԼԣǹԲУźӲƫƫҪȥ˼һʵ۵˽ⲻԼҲ
ǡǹ񫣡
һ˭ԵأԪһ̣û˿ĺڣԸΪԼⷬ۳һкԼҲδؾʵۣ


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ԪЩŭؿŻԪ棬Ԫ΢Цſ
һ㲻ԼľٶԪܰԼôǻʵۣ⽭һһ̶ȣʲô˶Ҫֵġ
һͷȣΪΪ޷ˡ
ԪΪԼܺãΪֻˣԪԼЩηǵΪ飬Ϊ꣬ǲ᳤õġ
ֻ㣬㣬Ż㳤ȥ
£ѵƶɮ˵ò𣿡
Ԫ濴Ԫ۾ٴεһ䡣
Ԫŭҧ촽ЩˣȻԼ
Ԫ濴óԪķŭǻ£ƶɮϣһ飬ֵӵĲֻȨơ
ԪصȨƣʲôеġ
ԪЦЦµĻƶɮҹͬƶɮΪӦ
Ԫ˻ԪĻʱһ㶣ֵؿŻԪ档
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ԪĻԪ΢΢Щ㵣ƺûԼ֡
ƶɮΪһϸĻʵۣԶԶҪһɣΪλʲôƶɮܣƶɮֻϣܽĻʵãȻ㲻ʧȥȨƣʧȥȨƸҪĶ
ʧȥҵ
ԪЩҺͻԪ̫̽һ䡣
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Ԫһţ΢ЦĻû˵ԪѾˡ
Ԫ治ҺͻԪŶԶµʱûٱʰԪѾһ˿ӰΪ˻ʵۣҲ˭ˣû뵽˲棬ʹԼ˵в
зˣԪΪԼĻʹЩʲôãԪѾһ㽭˵ĵλʶµ棬кľҲûжԶˡ
˰죬ԪżѵصʦЩԪȷʵĹ֣Ҳֶεһ֣οʶѾǼȥˣܰԪһΣʵӵ˵
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Ԫֹ̧ԪĻֻƶɮĻͿˣ飬ƶɮٶܡ
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־ǾеģרƸڼһʿǳв
Ԫ濴־һ˿ȻԪ˵޵ˣΪ־Щء
治ǺܰȫԪԪȻʩչ֣Լ˶ֵ档
£ǷǳʱڣҪһ
ԪȻоԼĲòµͷɱ죬ҲЩĻˣֻӻԪĻԹԵĶڽڣһҲҶ
սһʼͽ˰ȻЩ̿൱Ԫǵľ󣬾һʮֻųб軤ǺݺһЩǳĴ
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ͻȻһֱӷŵ߰ԪĽҲһ¡
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һԪЩˣһжָԪˡ
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Ԫ濪֣Ԫ棬ͬĲһҡߣԶϮĹȫӡ
ûڵˮƽ޷ƻԪĽ֣ĹûԪģһ㣬ڵѸٲ䣬澭һȫ˳
ԪǵһйľһֱţֻҪ߾Ϳˡ
һʱоȫˣԪĴ̿ʹкһٻģЩΧĴ̿Щը˷Ρ
ԪΧ˿ֻԪںһŮӾǸŮʹ˫ٶȺܿ죬ȻȻԪ֧һʱ̻û⡣
ԪĬĬţ֪ԼԪǽ㣬Ǹʹ÷ɵСӣһڰȴԪ¶ֻҪһлᣬķɵͽ䴩Ԫĺ
ԼҲڶţǰá
Ԫ΢΢ǣһ˿ЦݣﻹЩеףǰ
ҹȥ֮󣬻Ԫ黹Ǿ˺ܾá
ܣһǰãһǰ
ԪôҲŰûԸԼǰ˵ùȥ
ˣѵϾͻôɵ飿˻ʹ֮ҲѡǸ乬Ϊŵĵص
пܣǿԺС
ǰõĻôܾˣòԼ϶ԭģʲôԭ޷²⡣
ѽ㣬㣬㾿Ҫʲôأ
ԪԪһߣһ߾עΧԷҪ֣ڶ˵Ŀλεģǲж˰ɡ
Ȼո뵽Ⱥ֮ϣһӰڿնгһӣһݺᣬһֳ־Ļ͵ȥ
һƬĳΪ꣬Щ䡣
䣬ʮ֮Ѿ䵽˻Ԫǰгһڣָ˻Ԫţַɣֻߵˡ
Ԫ濴ǰˣغһ㣬Ҫ


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óֽ˻Ԫǰûдɴһ徵¶棬˪˻ԪĻ˭İ㣬Ҫˣ
㣬Ҳϴġ
ˣףǰ
ѵҴˣ
Ԫ΢΢ҡҡͷȻˣ㻹ڵȴʲôְɣ

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Ԫûп֣ĹгǽòǿܺǸսһԪ͸оˣҲûˮƽ
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ԪҲյĻԪˣĽ㲻̧־͵
⼴̵ʱ򣬻Ԫָһһ졣
ⱻԪһ̵ָһߡ
󾪣һһ֮䣬ֱԪСٴδȥ
Ľ죬Ԫָһֶûô̧һƿָ˳ȥֱӻаıٴε˳ȥ
ܴ죬Щżһһ˵⣬һ𣬽ֱ̻ͬԪš
һΰǿɲǿֵܹġ
ﵽڶ˵ǿԪ濴һ̳֪
ĿģƺҪԼ˻Ԫ¶
˵Ǹʹ÷ɵ˾ڶ棬Լ
Ԫûж㣬ûж̧ͷŰ۾һ˿ɬ
İû뵽ԪȻ㲻
˲䣬˻Ԫеѹ𾪣Ĳɣ
ǰͻȻһŹâ𣬹âԴǺеԺ
ܵһ۾һ£æ˶档
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ʱɫ԰ֽ˲ˮʹۿ
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ֲţͻȻһһԾ˻Ԫǰ·ס壬˻ƵصΪʲô㣿
ҪҾ˺ˣðΪѡ
㡭Ҳǣ
ҾҪˣ㵽ڻ𣿡

ƴҡͷˮɽͻȻһѽԪӵ뻳ɵӣ֪֮ΪʲôҪôţֻҪһ㣬ͽˣΪʲô
ԪţͻȻһֻһ죬
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ÿ£ŵİ㣬㲻Ҫ
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ͼְ⿪Ԫŵ֣Ԫҡͷܾˡ
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˵Ժ󣬻ԪڴĿ⿴Űãϣܾ
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˵Ҫɱʱ򣬻ĻԪͻȻֶһ¡
һôܸ
Ԫ滺۾Ѽ΢㣬һһԸδˡ
㻹ʲô飿
Ԫ䲻ĸŪЩ𾪣ֻͷЩ磬ǽģ̵ؿ࣬Ϊ˱ƻԪ㣬ܻôö漣ˣѵǴ˵еĻعⷵ
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˻Ԫ󣬰صصͷӦϣôҲܹ
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ֻǻǽԪ屳
ԶԪͻ۵˻սţһЩǣ֮£ǾԶ֪ߵ
ʱ򣬶һԶŮһĺñŻԪҡҡλεĹӿڵȻǳֲ׵ؾͽУΪǳȥĸ󻼡
ûȥӣֻǵԪ벻ΨһҪ󡣡
ȻˣôǾͽȥ´ˣĵ߰ɡ
ӦţĵضԱߵŮʹһɫ
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Ԫһ
ͣһ£˵仰ǰҪһҪԸ
ӲмһȥĺãҪˣȻҲ֪ʲôϵµȨҵ
ֹͣǰУ̧Ѿ޵ĺ׵۾ǸӣҲӦأ
ҲҪҵķɵͬͬ⡣
˵ŻͻȻһСķɵС
ֹɱԪڵľ״̬սҲǴۿˣԻǲҪǿͷΪãúԼ
ؽԪ£Ȼߵ㲻ҪȥΪԸʧˣôҾˡ
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ӷû뵽Ҫĳ𣿡
һӽϺе֣ʱɫһ䣬û뵽ȻǾ֮Ը


427 Ѫħͼ
ԪɵһԪǱߵܾã֪֮Ҿ֮ľҲ˳
ľеǱȽصģֻ֪ˣȴ֪ھڰ꣬ṳ̂㽭ܶ˶ΪνĿľУֻˡ
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Ҳû뵽Էǿڳ
۶Է˭ǰ׷ѪħϵɣҲ赲õľġ
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Ǹʹ÷ɵľеһʦˣһҪɱԪʹá
ľе½ʩĺˣȻʵǺȿ»΢һߣ޽㱣ʵ㲻õˡ
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ˣվһˣǸʹ÷ɵˡ
ľȥˣǸ˿Ǻ޷ģһָݺݵػУУʱѪڵء
ǰķɵʱҲӵһߡ
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˵Ԫ潫Ŀ䵽˶漸˵ϡ
λʩ֣֮ƶɮһָǶԸľʦģ㿪ˣ˵ƫƫҪվĺ棬˵עķɵǲʩչˡ
ӵڵϣٳٲеһָ̫󣬲ֱӾˣҲû˵ֻԹ޵ؿŻԪ棬ͬҲԹ޵ؿſľС
ľвںӣڶӹߺܶ࣬ηԷķɵ
ˣǿľеﲻġ
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һˣԪצΪָһָ˳ȥ
УľзɳһƣƺڻԪָϡ
ָ˵һƴоͬһ棬ȵָȻֱӴ뾭ľиϽ˹ǹɻȥ
ǶĺеˣָͬǹһƵƵ˳һʱÿľк޻֮
ƵƵŤ㣬ǱǸһָצ֣Ȼһץס˿ľе½һ
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ľһ˿˳æȥᣬһͻȻִһɫš
ֲ̺ϢľвӲӣֻٴγˡ
ᣬԪһץڿƮ˿ݲݵؿһۣȻһѴ˻
ľһʧ֣·磬˿ߣŭһ䣡ĵĶû
˵Żľ˫۳죬˫ƺݺݵ£һƬڣȻһĹ
ⶫҪΪƶɮΪܰɣ
Ԫ˵Ż˫ʮָۣʳָǰ죬һָǣ
ָʽľһӲƴ
˵Ӱէէϣ˫˫ˡ
Ԫɫ԰ףǻ΢Цվš
ǸľǿѪֱԶݶȥ
оϲû뵽ԪĹѾ̶ȣǸľеʵǿȻӲƴ֮л
ǿľոԶݣԪͻȻ³һѪҡ˼¡
ǻûе£ֻɫ԰ףԪͷ˿úԪһӦðȫˡ


428 ɵñڤ
ǻھˣԪڵ˻ʵۡ
Ԫܵ汻ˣĻʵˡ
Ԫɵû˹ģҲں֮УǻһЩʷ伮ҵ֣ʱѾˡ
ڵǻ俪ʼ֮ǰԪ뿪ˣλ֮ˣͬʱ̣ȴѡ뿪
ʻڹٵϣԪ濿ڳڣԪ۵۽γְ
΢΢ر۾ͺˣΪĸ˵ĹϵԪûѡӥµľ벢ǺԶǹͬߡ
ûѡͻԪһͬȻ룬ȴҪ
Ǹӽ½ĬǸŮӽ㣬Ͱ֮ĳֹϵڰõĽ£ԪŹǣΪûȥ֮Ҫи
Ԫʱ˵ˣͺˣһ·ϣ˼Լ˵Щ
Ҳû͸¶ܶϸڣֻǸ߻Ԫ棬׻ڣֻܾöûгֹˡһΪõ׵
Ԫֻ֪ĹܸߣòһҲΪܹ֮вɳһЩ˲ģ½Ĭ㣬ͺʲôԨԴ
һΰõʧˣǺ⣬߻Ԫ棬鴦֮֮λȥСǴӴˡ
ߵʱЩԹ񣬻Ԫ˼ڵȴԼҲ˳һ졣
Ԫ浽ˣκ⼸ϵͳԼţֻǸɵۡ
ĿǰʱеˣֻҪһֱλϣѡԪкܴġ
һɵǲ·ϣԪһֱͻԪ⽭еɣжɵʵֵǰ档
ܽһ󣬷ֳ˺ȡἡħ̡ؤ䵱ڵȼĴ⣬ûĸ֮ˡ
˻۵ֵ֮ڸѾˣһơԪ۵
ʵϻԪĸԶȡ;еĻ۸վ¶ľˣʵ
Ԫû˵ܡ
Ԫƣȵ˲ڵӾʱ־ͲµһˣǸʱ򣬾Լɵڶϵͳʱ
оͯӹˣһλص֣Ԫúõȡͯӹսڵľ硣
ϾʱпܳͯӹҲ̫ܲԶ
»۵Ԫֶһ̨Ļᣬȥ̨ܽ˱ٶˣϷԺʮٶȣڲ룬ŪĺˣҲòһͲˡ
һ֮ڣ˵ܳȡϴ辭ʱٶٴμӿ죬Ҳ¾ء
죬ǻص¡
Ԫ
ɽѩˣߵʱһƬ䣬ھͳΪ˰ѩѩɽװعɷǺÿ
ԪˣԪѩУһɽȥ
ɣ쵽ˣӦ׼ʳ߲ˡ
۽Ա˵һ䣬Ԫ΢΢ͷڵ˻׼ģǻǰϰҹҲ죬־Ҫˡ
»ʵ۶λˣ̫ƽˣôֻң
£˭ʵ۹ϵ󣬸еΪ˻ʵ۶١
Ԫ˵һ䣬Ȼֵϰ𷨺ϰ䶼ջ۵Ŀ๦ǧ򲻿иˣҲһգ־ͻύĳ˵Ҳ˵ء
˶һ£֪ɺγԡ
ԪҲûм˵ʲôǴͷɽȥ
һǰոտţԪͿһǰɨԪ¶ϲɣˡ
ԪһɨĺоȻǾԶԶɽˣ
ǵģǰվͻˣɲڡ
ܺãԺл㡣
ǣ
ԶͷӦɨѣԪȥ˷Ժ
Ԫͻ۵ҲԪȥ˷ԺǻԪ״ӣҪͻԪסһԺġ
һ·ϣɮǷ׷׺ͷɴкҲûʲôıʾѾϰ˷ʱһ߾Ǹˡ
ԪžԶڣȽ˻Ԫ˺;Զ໥ʶȻԸԪ˳ȥлҪ;Զ̸̸
Զú󣬻Ԫ濪ʵȥɽѰһرڤ񹦵ؼ
Զͷһˣ˷ɴҾ澭ܵصĺ䣬Ѱ˱ڤ񹦡
Ԫοصͷͺãľ澭һڶ죿
ɷɹģ澭ǳʺѧϰһ־ѧĲˣһڶˡ
Ԫ溬ЦͷԶֹȻûа׽У澭ʵΪ׼ġ
룬Ԫӻͳ˾澭ĵ
Զҿ츳ܺã澭Ҳʺ㣬Ҿͽ澭ĵڸ㣬ϣУҪûⱾѧʱ죬Ȼᴫ澭һ
Զ˫ֲĽ澭˹
Դѧϰһ֮ھ澭ĵͳһյõһû뵽ɾôԼˡ
ҳԶȻͻȻʲôҲӻͳһ飬˻ԪС
ɣⱾʦڸҵıڤ񹦣ڤ˻û澭ʣִҾ澭ôⱱڤҾ;ˡ
ˣ
ǵģˣѾ¶ģպר澭ֻǿϧⱱڤˣʦ齻ҵʱ˵һ飬ôûҲǿϧӾͽȸɣϣܶԷ
ԪЩؽӹ˱ڤ񹦣ҳǴؼͬϵͳԼһѧͻᡣ
ҳ֮󣬻Ԫַ˷һֱĵһҳ
ԼֻܿһҳƺЩ֣Ԫ濴˰죬һҳϵģģȻ
һŪףԪ潫ͷȻд˼ƶɮˣպо浽δ
Ԫ˱ڤ񹦣ԶܸˣΪһ顣
ԶˣԪֽסƶɮ˵˵ʦʦʦǵɡ
Զһ£֪ΪλЩ£ڵ֪ҲǺ֪ܶ࣬˵Ƿ÷⡣
ԪȴȤص֪پ˵ٰɣšȴʦ˵𡣡
ԪʦԶͻȻЦЦҵʦȽҹǰǰĵһŮ׷Ѫħҵʦء
ŶôʦǷͶһأ
ڻԪȻħͷҲµһĸ֣²Ӣ˵Ĺ£˵ĹҲ٣ҲȽҹҲϲء
ϾԶȴҡҡͷϲʦûҲǵ˼ˣ


429 ڤ
Ժ֮УԶʼԪ潲ʦʦֵܽõ顣
Ĳ࣬ԶǰԶʦڶʮǰڶȽҹĹ£ҲǴʦʦ˵á
ӡʱ򶫷ǿ꣬ĪаҲʮʦ޷ֱ䣬Զ˵ֻĪа˺ۼһȻɣʦͶǻСֻűȽѡ
ȽҹҲʱʵˡ
ԶȽҹ´ֻк̵ܶʱ䣬ȽҹһЩĶ󣬾ͽڤ񹦵ؼ֮Ͳ֪ˡ
ԪһͻȻʵʦѧյʱʲôط
ݡ
Ԫ룬ѾˣҪ˻ƺӲС
Զ˵Ժֵɣӻɣû
룿
룬µЩˣһĶˣǶܻ꣬ǰԲĶôȥɱʮֺ󣬶Ȼ˲ˣʦ˵ʦ֪࣬һżȻĻ£ʦ˵©˵ټ
Ԫ˵ͷҲΪûֻҲǲ²⣬Ҳû֪
Ƚҹ֪ˡ
ӡ棬Ǹʲôˣ
Զ룺ʦԸܹ֣˵Һûйͨʦ뿪֮ǰʦ־뿪ˣһӣǶٰס
Ԫ΢Цȷʦ֣ʦ㣿
Զһ£ӦáӦʦְɣλʦʦʱʦܵģȷʵĲʦ֣ǡŮӰɣ
Ԫ˰֣Զոմɽ֪ȷ飬ȹ˼죬Ȼͻˡ
ļλʦʦĸƺǺܺã
ʦͶʦ֮Ͳ˵ΨһܹͨͨˣʦˣʦִҰ̫һҪԺư֣ҵԸҲ̫ϡ
˵ԶֵǼ֮䣬ʵҵģţҲ֪ģʦ뿪󣬾ȻΪʦֱָӼħ̣û˽һҪԽ
Ĵʦأʲô֣Σ
ʦ͸˲ˣ໨书õģһѷɵûܶĹȥʦôˣɱ㲻ʦһ
ԪЩ棬໨ûڽ֮ϳֹԣǵʵΪδӲأ
ȽҹҲûԪ棬̵ܽ⼸ž޵ĵӣô˵ʵִﵽʲô̶أ
̸һԶȥ
Ԫ˱ڤ񹦵ؼʼо
һҳдţڤ㣬Ϊ֮󣬲֪伸ǧҲ
ԪЩıڤ񹦵ؼׯӡңΡƣ֮ڤߣҲɣǧδ֪Ҳƣҷˮ֮Ҳ为Ҳˮ֮ϣΪ֮ۡñ򽺣ˮǳ۴ҲԻΪһҪ壬Ⱥ书޲Ϊã֮ڤС޲أС޲ݡ
һԪ˱ڤ񹦵ĺ塣
ԭⱱڤ񹦿˵ΪãһѸĽݾ
ȥԼ֮࣬Ȼ֮
ڤָ嫵ĺ˼˹ͬ׺嫣ۺֹﶼԱڻʵ
Ǵ󷨣־ѧǸݱڤݻ
ұڤҲ񹦵ԣǷǿ
о룬Ԫ˽ԽԽࡣ
ΪξԶڤ񹦣ҲصģΪҪڤ񹦣ǰκѧȵһл󷨵Ĳֻȥ֮ǰӶרϰ¹˿Ӳң壬ʱŻѪϣղ
Զѧϰ˾澭ѧϰڤ񹦣ִ˵Ȩ֮£ѡ˼澭ͬ񹦣ڤҲþһ澭ȥ
ڤҪԶջ᲻ʺԼľѡ
ԪѾͯӹ澭֪ԼʻΪϵͳĹϵĺ˲ͬ
ⱱڤ񹦹ȻãҪûԪڹѧϰǲܵġ
ͯӹԶܷϵͳĹؼڡ
Ԫﻹһ˿ͷǾڵǲͬģܴûֹԼںôûпҲڤںϽأ
ͷһţԪû̸жҪⱱڤ񹦺úоһ¡
ŷĵ룬ԪԽԽϲŹıڤ񹦺󣬲ɵ˵ͬʱǴ󷨺ͻ湦
У붡Ԫ治ȻĶ
书ааʹõˣⱱڤ񹦵ĺô֮Ƚ϶ԣôھ澭֮ϣǾ޷ͱڤȵġ
Ԫһɻ󣬾ؼһҳּģ壬ʲô
һؼĹɣǵĵطǱΪؼڣΪʲôڤؼĲֿأ
Ԫо˰죬ּǱˮݹҲǱΪƻģּôҲ
˼˺ܾãԪҧҧԼܹݱڤ񹦣ôԼ޷ݣôͷ湦Ե
󣬻Ԫ濪ʼձڤ񹦵й
תԪйһѵӦ֡
йʽϻԪѾٴǿ̨ԼԺԪйٶȴﵽʮ֮ߣԼʱ൱ڲ߲ݵĿ࣬ܵһ˿С
ԪоϲֻҪ˿ܹôǱڤĸ
ֻҪ˿վȽŸԼԺͿںϱڤ񹦣ķ
Ǿиոճ֮ڵ궯ֱﵽһ׵ĽɫſʼпתԲ赲̬ոճֵıڤѹȥ
ԪȻڤ񹦵ԹȻˣܼݣ
ǻԪòײһ˿ڤ׷æʼֹͣǰȥڤ
û뵽ǸոճֵıڤҲͣȻֻ΢һ˿ȴҲʾҪȥҪȥ̲Ӵ
ԪڵĵһĴڣĸоֱѾﵽһףʵųܴﵽһףڵ棬ֻһָо
ۿҪ໥Ԫʱͷ󺹣ȫά֣໥ӽ
ŪæңԪ漸ǺķȫľƽոһͻȻԺ
ɣˣһжԼҪ͵һ飬㻹𣿡
ͻȻ˵ңԪһʱѹ͵سһ
ڤлԣκֻôһ˿ûȻͱǽɫѹķ顣
ʱͶɹһ
Ԫ̣ϼһû¶˵ʲôѽԼԼҪаΪƶɮŹ


430 Զ
ʱͶɹҷ𣬻ԪЩջ𣬿ƫƫܸػ
ʱ򣬻Ԫǳ̾ͳ齱Ŀ㡣
Ϊﵽ˵֮󣬷İ뾶ܴﵽǧףҲء
뾶ֱʮܸµķΧˣǸʱԼ˵ʲô˵ʲôɱɱ֮ǧﴫȽ
ֻķΧЩС˼ҺųǧԼֻܴﴫࡣ
ﵽ󣬰뾶һף൱ڶʮ
ﵽ߲㣬ʮ׵İ뾶ﴫǸʱ򣬻ԪѾǧﴫˡ
νǧﴫҲһƺˣþܴһǧ֮⣬ЩԼҲûгʮʱ
ǧﴫҲǸݹߵͲžԶİɡ
òһ˿ڤڹˣԪʱҲû˼飬ȻԼˣǸɴ͹ȥԼʵһܴؿŪһء
뿪˷ԺԪ濪ʼؾȥ
Ƭ֮˲ؾ󣬻ԪŶ롣
һûɨأţԪڵɣղſǷʲô飿
Ԫûǵоʲô飿
ľãŷƺʲôϢй˷ԺĲ׽һ˿Ҳǵķ£߻ħſѯʵġ
Ԫ̾ϢһԲֲ̫ˣܿ̽ԼڷԺڵжԼڤ񹦣˳ͻϢй˷ԺȻܸо
һۣԪϣ㲻һֱڿ̽ƶɮɣ
΢ЦҡͷҲĿ̽ɣֻǷֺģֵĸƽʱҲͶעһЩȷǡ
Ԫ룬ͻȻϣĹ֣ôͰƶɮ顣
ϵҡͷѲʽ£ҲͺͷȣֻҪ¹ָ˵Ĵ£ĲܣָֻĲŶһЩѡ
Ҳǵ֮ĶԼƶɮҪڲؾһ飬ǸʱҪʲôɲѡ
Ȼڵʵ߾飬ǲʵġ
Ԫ΢Цԡ
һֱ̬ͻȻ˱仯¶һ˿棺ڣĵ棿
ǲǵ涼ҪΪƶɮ֪Բв˼ͨԹۿԶ飬Զʵڳϵļ֮£ƶɮǺҹһԺžͻᱻϷ֣ǲǵ涼һˡ
Цɺţԡ
ԪתתһǰԺмо˳־óһȻֻҪⱾ뿪ؾӮɡ
û
ﶼûжЦеؿŻԪ档
ԪҲЦһ£鴧ͻȻ֮䣬ʮָָͬ籩һȥ
Ҳ־ͽӣһץЩָȫ¡
ǵˣȴǾɣָô˾޴ĶЩֱֱۣߣ
Ԫһָͨ˳ȥۿѲסȾؾȥ
ոûǱ̧һֱָԪ
Ԫ˵־һ˳ȥ
¡һ죬ԪֻоѪ屻ķһ㣬ǾſֽһЩ
û뵽ԪȻܵһǽɫȻֲ˹
ɣԽˣ
ۿԪҪſڣûһץһգԪֻоŲӱץסˣڼǰʱһǲܣֱͦͦľǰȥ
ԪҲϷ䣬˫ץסſ򣬾ǲȥ
ؾϵͳƻ֮һԪʮķˣſҲץſڵץסǰŲ
ץסԪĽףǻԪһȻץסˣۿԪǰУҲ޷ֵˡ
ڻԪſڵϣŴ󿪣־ܴһ̣Ԫûеֿͼ治֡
֮£ɴҲ£һץס˻ԪĽףƴ
ɣĻ£
Σб¾ͽƶɮȥ㣡
Բ˵ЦģԪоԼ
ҲǳصģƴͲ˫ץſ򣬻߷˼ޣһȫʹ̵ƴ
һʱȻԪһ³ڵء
ԱһӣɴһѱסӣһץŻԪĽŲӣһڣҲǽ߷˼ޣŻԪ治ȥ
˶ſڵϣһһȫͨ졣
ҲϵͳĽطӶˡ
ĽϾʱͻȻſӰһ۽Ӱ֡
ɣϣ¡ʲô
۽ϹһĻ˲ʯͷԵؿŻͷĶˣ˵ˡ
Ҫ
۽ͻȻ֣˶һ£ƾһǴԽߣһǻһٶϲޣƤٺ˿Ҳεĺܣͨ죬Լͬɿ֣׷״ӵ
Ԫո磬Ԫ滳ľ˹ȥȻ૵صб˴ϣ㼴ʹ͵ܳȥҲ㡣
ԪҲûˣƾߣ޵صˣһΣƶɮԱҪƾʲôֹ߾顣
۽Ա߿ţ̲ס˵һ䣺ɣǱµӣⷭģҲԴס뿴ıΪþˣںͳֳ𣿡
Ԫ淭˷۾˰֣˵£ʲô
۽ԼĿģæģ֪ͨ˵Ҫ֯һ֡
ˣʲô
˵Ƕڶ࣬ƣѾˣǷһʸʸ񣬾׼ֳΪһɣ÷ɳΪڳء
£
Ԫһ㶣ôŪôһֳΪһɣ᲻˵㡣
˵ͻȻҲˣĽзʵһ£ֵĿշɮţ˵Ǿڴ˵Ǳֿǲϱֺһ÷ڡ
ֵҪ
Ԫ룬վҪһֱ뽫Լı̲ǰ಻סˡ
ʦųǰǲӦԡ
˵ҲҪ֪᲻ǰ
δһʱ䣬¿Ҫҵġ


431 鷳
˵ֵҪȻûм죬˾͵ˡ
µĵһ֣շɮµһӣ˻Ԫı֡
һ˴ʱΪڵֻɳһȥμӣͶƱʸûУΪȵ֪ҪִӻȻȥˣԺȴսʱֵ˲ûڳ
Ҳ˵ˣֵһ䷽ͬ˵Ķ޼Ϊ׵һ˵չһҵĴս󶫷ͻƣɾԲΥ˼һ򾡣Ψ䵱һɵӽҴ
ϢԺ󣬿շɮϻοֺ̾ˡ
շɮֺ̾˵ͬʱӶ˽ϱֺ϶Ϊһͷ
ֱ˴Ÿ˵Ҫڽ֣Ÿոշû죬̾͸ʮ¶ʮյʱ򵽴ɽ¡
ɽ·̨ѩ׷ףһ£һڰ
շɮϷľ޴Ҷɽ֪Ƿ޹Ұɲ֪ɫ౾ǿաţּдҲãҲС
ڿշɮֽԺԡ
νԺΪϴĺ뿪֮Ҳûлȥ෬Ѱ޹Խ˽Ժ
շɮֵһεصչأֵӲֱ֪ǰЩʱշɮأֱӽֵķְ񣬶ԭķס֡
շɮأһڵüԭڽҲûжͷΪȱһǿͷˡ
շɮʸϣ书ߣͱ֮һЩǺͶͬһʱڵΪͲһսˣͬҲʮδȴҲﵽڵĶ壬ֻȻԺ쳾ǣңٳ޷Բѡ
ȸ֣ѾԺĪаǸһϸˣǽ⡣
շɮǰΪݷ˵ĺճϺų֣ݷ硢ơĪаӡ
շɮأֱӦΪ֣ǶͻˣɾԲڲһˣԿ˵֡
ֻҽƳٳûھֻĴ֡
Ҳڵĸ֣ԭǿշͽܣڴԼˣһθշǰշµɽƷԱߵʦ˵ⱱֵĽǷ񼣣һͷ湵ͨ󣬷ǵġ
շɮû˵ϸع۲ɽŰ죬Żڵɽȷʵһ㣬Ϲֵ֡ʱһ˵ĻǺԽԽ飬ҲΣڿЩŵ
ǰܶ飬ÿɵʧˡ
Ҳ³çˣʱϸˣɲͬЩһΪЩԼѿ
շͷ˵ⱱֻǳ˵ĸˣΪһܵ񣬵õɶ칤أΪʷȴûأ
˵Ժ󣬿շɽŰ˼ݣʾԷ񼣵Ĺ֮ġ
Բ֪λشշĻҲֻںŰ˼ݣȻŵʦǲܴѽ˵ﵽ񼣣һİȥҲ֪Ҫݵʲôʱ򣬶ҪڵģҲ̫ˡ
£¡
շ˰֣ǰݵǷ棬ֲǰһ䣬ΪͽܣҾʦүðҲǡ
˵Żշһկɽȥ
ʱͲ٣ͿǶˣ׷׻״к̬ʮֹ
շһ߻һ߶ԵûУúܺãЩͶԴǵ̬Ⱦܿһ㣬Ѿˡ
һߣշһ·пû뵽һ仹һ֣ɽ·޽ҲãþҲãǶԴ˵̬Ҳãʲôá
ԽˣҲԽˣűںϱֺһǸһʢ
һ·ǰſһɮµɨأ˹¶һ˿档
棬շҲܾ棬ΪſɨصɮˣӦǱֵ֪ɮ
ֵ֪ɮȻһڣ
ԶԿշʦ֪ɮĹ
շҲ΢΢ͷֹǲϾҪͻƵˣӦòǵͨӣΪʦȥʡ
շ˵ţеǰ΢΢׵λСʦֿշ֪γƺ
ɨصĺоԶµ֪ɮ͸Ӵͣƽʱɨһͥոѩɨأ˿շ˵ص
ڿշɮͷԶ֪
Ϊշɮʱ򣬾ԶǸӣԶˣշɮѱչأʹҲûʲôӡֻϺֵˡ
ǾԶԷͲСҸоĪ⣬ǹػʦСɮ¾Զ
շһ£ͷ˿ԣͽֱһĵӣ
ʦ㣬ֱ֮ͽֱȻһֱһֱҵͽһһֱǻֱûоֱġУͽһӣǾֱģ
ֲûбô˶ֱĵӸողſʼգһʱ䶼ûͻȻ뵽ԭֱӱģڿշѾˡ
շɮԺǳԾȵؿžԶǾֱӣ
Сɮֵӡ
շŵҡͷĿҲʮˣǲƺʱܽ˰ɣôأ
ԶɳţͲ˵ʲôԶ÷ɿأУⱲ֣ҾԶΪǳ书ҲߣֱҲȻġ
˾ԶĻշĳȡ

˼ұ񶼷չʲôˣһԼǲסǵڼĵӣȻˣ֮£ԼǱߣҲֱм֣ʣİһֱ쾳綼û
أɲŲһֱѡ
֮£ֺ˱ָһЩ⣬ʣûʲôѽ
Լͽˣͽһ˼֮Ҳеλˣܲ˳֣ͬҪ˵ˡ
ϼһﶼԲˣҲڱһ
ԽշԽûףһûȥ֣ǰʱԼˣϣϱֺһһûӲ磬᲻СӲºϲأ
˰죬շԵһǵ㲻Ҫ˵һпΪʦģϣǵġ
ʱҲо˺ܴѹ˵ͷ
˸ոҪͻȻŴ󿪣ӹַһ䣬ֳѾӭֵٵӣվߣһӭշɮ


432 ֵʵ
´ӭӹͣظڻԪ棬ƽʱµΪӭѣһҲԳˡ
ǵһơһһաһж档
󣬾ǻֱĶʮˣҲӭ
ʣǷᡣ
ǶΧ£˹Ǻηʥֵһ䷽˴ĵӭӡ
շҲû뵽һڳôӭԼˣһʱе֪룬֪ǸðڳǰļӣǸñֵǫһЩ
Ԫ浹ûʲôǣǰִ֮񣬸շָԼ
ɽ·һ䣬շʦ棬ʦ壡
߻Ԫ˭ԪҲдһһ
շҲǵһμһ䣬˵ò⣬룺ţȻҷŽһ߳Ƥңһ˲ţȴҲȻܸ˺øУҲ̵һͽܡ
Ԫ룬ڤԼһ涼ûмн̵Լһ˵
ﺮţԪ潫һһշԽܡ
շǶ˱̫ߣµкжιշ˼
ȵһľһƣշһƣʱȻеĹøߣ
һҲѾأûܣһֱ±չڴɣﵽڶľ硣
ѧϰ֮һͻԪ潻̸̹Լ˵ϣлԺ¼Ǽｻ֡
Ԫ治֪һǷﵽĪаǸ̶ȣǹôҲ̫ˣϾټͷһѾﵽڶĹһɱ
շҲǾ֣һ֮󣬾֪в򵥣ʹԼ֣˭˭Ӯ˵׼顣
֮һ˶ͬһʵһ㣬â¶۾֮ʱвȻ˸ǡ
һƹԽʦʱԶоЩ˼˵ʵ֮ϵģһûӵ顣
ҺһһһЩģҲмģʲôձԡ
Ԫ潫˵ı鿴ﰵЦһֱģֿʼֱܻġ
ֱȳĻ۵ͻԪö˺ݺݵһ£
ڣҲһϵڣҲǿҪﵽڶˣ֮ԵʵҲ˲١
ղԻûӣǺ޲Ҹطȥˣ˼ҿڿʦүϧʦүʵӣһֱݵĽԺԿѽ
˵Ԫͻ۵Ǵ𺳣ôµʵǸǾˡ
еĻֱӣȫ쾳磬ֻмԲҲͻˡ
лޡ۽һЩˣҲǺԶˡ
һʮǼʱ򣬿շҲǲסͷʮ˸˶һ£Ǿϵģ໥֮䶼Ĭһǿ֮
ʮ˸ȫ죬ٵڣ֮Ŀֲ޷ˡ
ֱļϣֱҲִ˵ĺС
ֱĻмڣʣĻǺڣԲҲкüˣÿշ˸Ǿòһ˾ûʲôʵﵽ̶ȣ˵Ժһ׵ġƵѧϵ֧š
ѾһССˣϵĴˡ
Ǹһ䣬շЩ͸ˡ
˵ĹЩĥ˵߰ɣƺûеڵӣ˵Ͱɣ㻹޷ȷľ磬˼Ҷ̵ڵĵˣѵʦʵͽ
֪ԴһֵڣҲҵʱ䣬ôᷢչ̶ȣִ֮аɻǿ󣬼ֱǲ˼顣
ڻԪ£շԶһ·Ժȥ
ֻһֱˣлԪ״Ӹ棬ʣ˶ɢȥˡ
һ·ϣշԶ˵۾Щˡ
ⱱֵҲ̫һЩѾ붬Ȼˣÿ;ۼŶӵ㡣
ǹ۱Ǹʵһǳ֮Ϊ񼣵Ľۼׯž£˲Ծ
·ͷ׷״к˶һ䷽ÿշҲиܵһƬϵӰ
Щƺһˣһ׵ʱȫûаķζЩϡ
շˣЩζ
ԼôǰǰĸˣΪɮˣһϰѧڳ棬ﵽһˡ
Լͽﱲ᷽ǰȻȫҲʦԽС
˶Լ˶һ䣬ʦүǰҲоûûζġ
һ·ӿŲµĺ벿֡
޺á֮󣬿շڱֵʶּһЩܷ˳ñֲҲʮеˡ
˷ԺǰԪһƵҲȥˣֻǺһ𣬴ſշ˽ԼķԺ
ſڣԪͻ۵ͬ߹һһһǰֹš
Ԫ˽ڣڻԪļ£շɮλ
Ԫ滹ҪҲףԿֱһЩ飬˵ʲôҲ˿շɮԱߡ
Ԫס
Ԫݲ裬æһڵʦʦұ֣һ·Ҳ;Ͷ٣һƶɮի׼իʦʦԹ󣬾ⷽԺϢһ£ʲô飬˵١
շ˻ԪһۣȻ豭һڣիϰ֮ˣ첻ԷҲʲô֪ʦǰ˼˰ɣ
շȻɮҲһӣȻżɽľ˵ˡ
Ԫ΢΢һЦжŶѡ
ǺãȻѾţҲиˣδ׼ϸԣ㽫ǵļƻ˵ʦֶһɡ
ǣʦ
ԴӦһԻԪʦֶѽôģΪ㱾ʦֵͽܣʦǰɽ֣ʵĿĵģΪ
˵Կһ
΢Цһ˵޷ǹȥˣķĴȻĳе
ļλ֪жϹֵʱ򣬺ͿɮշɮֶԸˣΪ˾¿ɮշɮһŭ֮£ҪϹ֡
ϹҲǳûôͱֺɽĵض֮С
ҲǻԪıʦڤΪɽ£ʵҲΪӶϹ֣ΪϹִӦƵҩȡԼɡ
ϹֱԪȣҼ˱֡
£ԵĵҲһЩ˵ⱱʦֽģ̳ʦֵ²ȻҲһ񽭺֣ɶԱǷţҲǽɣ⣬ƶɮʦշɮҲʦ棬ϱֺ϶ΪһǱʽϲ֣֪ʦֶΪΣ
˵꣬ضŻԪ۾֪ģ˿ȻЩţܵʦֶ˵һ


433 ݵ
ԵĻ˵꣬ڳļ˶Ŀ䵽˻Ԫϡ
£δΪͿշǾʶԪȷʵͽܣһڡعʦҲ顣
֪Ԫʵʦû˵ʲôˡ
ֻԪһ£Եʦ壬Ҫżȿڲɡ
Ԫ仰ԵɫʱΪԪûȻӦһ䣬Ȼûоܾ˼ѾһЩ
ţҲ豭һڣȻֵһʦֶ˵ʦҲһΣʦովȽŸʱǸʱһˣûһգ㶼ûгء
¶Ŀ⣬Եʱʹ죬һתʮȥˣû뵽˷ǣʦ־Ȼǰ硣
ԪûҪԼ
ǿϧʦֶѵʦʹûк˵ֵ𣿡
ʦ壬ʦֶԴһ£ǴʦһЩ֪ģʦǰȷʵСɮʦһ¡
û˵ҲûϵҲ֪ˣҲˣʦأڽǴţҷŵʱּȻԴһôȻҪعʦš
Ԫһ䣺֪Ҫôع鷨
Ԫʵ⣬׼ڵоˣΪϱȻͬһңǵȴǧɽˮͨ㡣ʦƶһƻǱȱΪֵķԺԽǱֱֻĵӶȥڡ
Ԫ΢ЦȻԼĲ࣬ҪѱֱΪԺ
ԼΪԺ֮ΪɮѾܶˣǱ޽ҲʦԺؽֵ˰Ǩ
жٵӣ
ʵûǱ˶࣬ڸոճһ١
Ԫһ˵Ļǻ࣬ǱĪ˵һˣһǧ˶ŵ¡
Ԫ˵ΪˣһЦʦֶǻعʦǶԵģȻ㲻һһֱСǱϾҲɣֻҪǻֵԺͻ֣Դӱִһֱĵӹȥ㻹Ƿɣ㿴Σ
˵ĻΪѾܿˣǳչ˻Ԫɵˡ
ǻԪȴЦ
۴ĸǶ˵ֶһõĸݵء
ɽشԭλԽկɽѹвס
µĻɲһܱȵģԼ˴󹤷򣬻˴ġ
оԺҲˣȥκεطţ
շΪԼǸСֱǳΪȻֵԺԼȥһֱ
ǷŵķӣֹĵӹӵԼ˫ìܡ
һ£Ԫʦ桢ʦ壬Ϊ²Ҽ˵ͿԾģӻҪֵһ£ǵ
ŭɫͷ˿շһֻۣշĿһⶼ׸ԡ
ԶԻԪʲôģŵӣɣɾ飬հˡ
ʦԲӣֵӶֵһӣַչ벻ǵŬƶɮ벻ܶ϶С
Խزˣ־ǽԺƹ̷ˣͨŻƢҲ⣬ߵ˭飬ȥ书ʦžˣ
Ԫҡͷףֵӵ书ܶ඼ƶɮԴڣƶɮûʸȥ
Ŷ㴫ڣ
ҲǶգʵǵ书һҲԴ֡
˵һ¡
żԼǸʦ쾳綼ûдﵽ书һͿ̵ܽһǿĵӡ
ǡ书ǸʦѧģǺ˭ѧģ
ԪЦұһ书𷨵ȵȣԴԷ裬κȨջأƶɮҲعʦһ£ƶɮҪѯǵӵҪ˼
ʲô˼
Զʱİ𣬶ԻԪǹѣǷʮûбʾǾ͵ȴʮ겻ɣһûбʾҲҪһ𣡡
ԻˣԪҲͷ죬ϲûб¶ֻǵƶɮ湵ͨŻعʦȴ£ҲӲܿͻȷʾ£ƶɮŽʦʦϢһ£ĪҪļȴ
ԻҪ˵Ǳ߿շڿڵӷԣһ·ҲˣȥϢһҲ޷
շ˵Щżʦڡ
շ΢΢֣ȻվԻԪһ䣬ԣǲʱ̫ãһʱ䣬㹻һˣʱ䣬Ҫһ𸴣ϾԴ֣һǲݱ粵ġ
˵Ժ󣬿շֵҲҪϢһ£סɡ
ԪͷŶȥԱߵ᷿ס¡
סի֮󣬻Ԫصûߡ
ղһֱһԲȴѡ£лҪͻԪ˵
Ԫ£ͿżɽصɣβԸع֣
Ԫ˿ڲ裬ع֣޷Ǿ֣һǱŵϷȥһǼɾͲˡ
һҪģһϵͳˣԪܴӦ
ֻЩöԪΪǻعкô𣿡
ЦЦΪʱӦüƽϺôҪԴΪأϱֺϲǸʱֿ²µһҲˡ
ԪЩΣԴһԼ֪֧ġ
Ҳû֪ԼĿԡ
ᶨƵվһ»Щ֡
ȻԪȫƫ֣ﻹЩܣϷģҶȻᴦ׵ϣٸǴ𸴾ǡ
ͷоȻӦúϲǾΪѷɾǡ
˵Ժǣصؾȥˡ
ıֺ֧ϲԪﷳ꣬黹Ǽ֣շվ˴һ档
Ԫ֪ʹֵҲвٵͬϲģΪǶڻعʦţڵ黹Ǻܿصġ
Լ̬ľܾǸʱ򣬻ԪźܶӻǻվԼһֻ뿴һĻ
Ͼʹ¿˵ûԪоΪѣʱҪи־ͺˡ
վڷԺĴߣԪһֱվһʱ˼Բߡ
һЩƻԪȥһƵ˽ͻȻԪ˽Ԫʦɽ˴Ϣ˵˵ĿѾ쵽Ұˣ׼һ£ǶԹˡ


434 ͻ
Ԫı棬Ԫһ㶣˵˿쵽ΪʲôӥѻûиԼϢ
æ֮еĽӥ鿴鿴һȦûз˵˼
ȻԪҲƭԼԪýӥķΧٵԶѰҡ
ӥһڴϢԭ˵˾ﻹһٶｫгӣƽǵˣҪܵ
ĻԶԶģǱɳ֪ͨǶԼЩ֪˰ɡ
֮нӥ̽ĳӵʱ򣬻ԪܸоҲڿ̽ӥϾӥǻԪģ˶֪ˣ翴ӥ֪ǻԪڲ鿴Լһ
ֻ֪ӥʲôԪܿʲô
˵ĳڽ֮⣬ԪͰ㡣
ǰ֣һ¡
ݳߣұ˸Բʵ˭Ҳǰд
Ժ󣬿϶Լ˵ӹɵġ
ЩԼ˵Ļ£˵ͺ޹˼ɡ
Ů˵ݣܶ˶޷ɵ飬һϡ
ΪϲһķʱصûԪоࡣ
ʱͻȻԪٴδԻԪɣССˡ
Ԫȥʱ䣬нһûм޲ˣҲûȥɽǵõϢ֮͹Ҳġ
ԪҲǣߵԺſȥӭӣǸոſڣ⿴޲£վƫſڣǶˡ
ԪӷԺڳӭŮӣԿڵһʦֶΪڻŮӣǺˣ
Ԫʥ̽ĪаŮʥ̵ʥŮλʥĴ֮һĲ·޲£ʦҲжŰɡ
ؿһۣԣĪа֮Ů£ƶɮΪһЦû뵽Ȼģʦֶʹ˶˹ϵˡ
ԪغһԵʦ壬ʦֶѲ٣һֱסֺɽ½˾֪ѵʦΪʲô𣿡
û뵽Ԫ˺Լ˵ɫ䣺һ䣬ȻķɣҪסƶɮʦ壬ҲǽԺô˵Ҳƶɮ˵
ԵĻǱ޲ͻȻˣ˵û㻹֪ǷɣѵͲ֪һԺڣɾҲ֪ǴģΪʦͿԸһȣϡ
޲һ䣬ʱðɣ첽޲ħŮɣƶɮǰѾǸ棬Ȼ֪ôĿڳԣ浱ƶɮҳֽѵ㲻ɣ
޲µƢҲôƽ͵ģȻҲᴳĴͷڣʵȻҲηԣûǸ£
Ԫüɱڵ޲Ǹ˸ҰԪͶˣǱϾʦ壬ǳԪ滹Ҫһ
ԱߵĻԪͻ۵ʹ˸ɫĹͽᣬӭȥԵʦ棬ǧѽ
ǰнԼʦ棬һʱҲЩԣļӶ˵ԽظԶ˵ƶɮҪѵħŮ
ǻԪһһҵȥԡ
ԻΪͨ˦һֱۣϣܽ˶˦û뵽ǣһ˦ŷ˫۱ץסȻû˦
󵨣Ҫʲô
Էŭţٴͼ˦Ԫˡ
Ԫ˵ʵǿѾӽڶ壬ʹǵóһҲûõ˿ɱȵģڷ£Ȼð޲£ץסԪɴһ͵ؿסԵš
ѽѽôĹ
û뵽ֱĵӾȻҿԼţ˦ѡ
űۣôѵģ߻۵һԪˣɴҲһݣֿסš
֮ϵ˿סƾηҲ޼ˡ
ʹΪоˣԱߵӱļһƺԼʦûʲô֮ģĺˣǻԼһЩͷԳԡ
ԵĻƢԻԪŭһ䣡ѲħŮа˵ٿĵʲôϽǸƶɮ
Ԫ΢Цʦ;ۣҪϢһ£Ԫ۵ʦͻȥϢɡ
˵Ժ󣬻Ԫһ˦˷Ժ֮ڡ
ЩǵؿһԣСƺϣԪ˷ſվ˵ɴҲͷŻԪ˷䡣
޲ǺݺݵصһۣȻͻȻЦȻСͷС˸
һ¿ǰ̣Ĺȥ޲ƴκαԪ˿סţôҲ޷ѣļʣȻƿڴһ䣬޳֮ͽȻ˶Դƶɮʦ棬
ˣ
շʱͻȻ᷿ſڣǳһ䡣
շˣԻͷһ䣺ʦŮˡ
ĪаŮ˾֪Ϊ˶ݷȺˣѵʱ֪𣿡
շҲɫѿΣϾǳӱĵסպϱֺϲԽԺһĴ
˭㹦ˣҲû취飬кϲգѾʺϵνԺˡ
Ƕˣʦͻɡ
շԸһ䣬תڣȥ۵ԡ
Ԫͻ۵˽Դ᷿˫˫֣ȻתߣûкԵǸ˼
Ҳ˼ٽлԪˣֱǳȥˣԲ˿շϺдʦǲܾôƾһΪΪȥ˵ãʹպºϲҲû˽ֵ˷ˣĽ
Ҳһ죬Ҫˣαؼһʱ
շ˵ţ˼ȻֵΪʦ˵һʱ䣬ֻҪʱһͱһȷش𸴣ǸʱĻشǲ⣬ʦ档
Ե˵ͷЩԥصʦһЩˣ书ߣ˵ˣһſڵͽܣ¾ͲöԸʹʦ㣬ҲҪЩֽš
շҲǵͷѾӽڶ壬ȷʵ֣㲻õģǲǴ򶷵ģġ
ǲأ
շ룺ȷʵЩףھȥϣؼʱ̰˵仰
ǱߵˣΪ˵𣿡
ⱲǷˣƶɮʦֻֿҪʦ֣޷ܾҲҪԸһ䣬ֻ˵仰ǲİɡ


435 ԲԾ
ˣ½㣬Ҳòˣ˰ɡ
Ժ֮ڣԪ΢ЦſǣԱȰ⻹ЩĹĵ޲¡
޲»Щ߷߲ƽǸᣬԪ棬ΪʲôǸߣ
Ԫ£²ɼ꣬ƶɮмƽϣ㲻صľˡ
ʱʻԪ棺ȥôãҸ׵Ϣ
ԪżԼûиĪа飬æ뿪֮ǰĪ
ҵô֪
ĪҲѹңȥ˲˹ҾͿɷأʱ䣬һҲͲˡ
޲סֵȻݣҲĪа飬ܲףĪаϢ֪ʱԺһЩֵȥ˹ˣȥȱˡ
˹кξȱ
Ԫ㲻֪ʥһǴԲ˹ҲͲ˹̳Ǳ߹ϵܺãֱǴΪ书̫ߣҰļ󣬲˹̳ӣ˹̳ǱҲκβŶϵ֮ʧˣεĽ𽥺Ͳ˹ָϵҵҲͲ˹ǱߵĹϵݷǿռɽħ̳ȥ˹϶˰æˡ
˵ŻϲɫĪаȻȥȱûаվͿ϶Ӧܹʥ̵ĿȨˣǸʱҲ̫ƽˡ
ĻԪҲƵƵͷҲϣĪаܹƿʥ̣ϾĪаʥ̱ݷȺǿˣ벻ǵˡ
˵ûʲôˣ޲µתתͻȻʵԪ棬Ưɡ
ʳҲĿעӻԪ棬Ĵ𰸡
ԭĿġ
⣬Ԫû˿ԥʱԥԲ֮٣ֻЦȷʵƯ
޲ƲƲСҾ֪ƯĻŲں
ԪЦ˵ﻰµʱƶɮһ
Ǻôһ
޲²޵˵һ䣬Ԫʵһںδ
Ǻ㡭㡭Ҳ˵ˡ
޲°۾תһߣȴ˼ԪĻ
ԣԪĻһ˿ά˼޲Ҳ˵ʲôΪ֪ĿǰΪֹûʲô˺ͻԪϵ
ԪͶ֮䣬ƺҲô򵥵ġ
ʱԪֵҲز²ˣվͻᵽֳ֣Ϊһ֮¡
ԪĻ޲¶¶һ˿ĵɫֺͻԪ˵˼䣬ͷغɽȥˣҲ֪Ҫȥ˵ʲôĻ
ҹǻԪȽϲʱ䣬Ϊȫȫ
ʮ֮£Ԫʱɹܴ쾳ͯӹȹ˲˵һ˳ĽһֱĽɫѾﵽ˽ӽһһǰڵص·ϣѾ֮һӽһˡ
ֺ޹ҰĸûԪĶʮ㣬ʮ¶ʮˣҲʱԼͯӹܴﵽڵľ磬ٶǼ侪˵ġ
ԭڤ񹦣ϣʱԪҲûмоڤ񹦣ץʱ
ⲻ֪ʱѩˣžֻѩʱ΢ɳɳԪԽĸйš
Ҳ֪ʲôʱԪոйһϣ׼һʱͻȻڻԪĶ
ɣڷԺ治Ҫǿ£
Ԫʱһ⻹ͷһ˶Լ˵
ΪǿеģԪ¿Ҳû˭ˣ˶Ƕ磬ĪаǸҲܱ˵ǿаɡ
ĪǶҹˣ
Ｑæϵӥýӥ۲
ڽӥӥ֮£Ԫ濴һ⣬Ӳؾɱֱŵķȥ
ٶȺܿ죬ǳ죬ȻԪҪܶ࣬ǻԪȴãٶȲûж졣
Ȼٿ죬Ҳ첻еĽӥȥӥչں棬һ·Ŵȥ
Ŵֱͣӷ£ɽ¶ȥ
龰Ԫﰵѵ˵˻կɽ֮ʱͷݹǲֲ̫һЩ
ӥ٣ǰһֱɽ¹ٵԼʮ֮ʱͣ
ͨӥӥۣԪҲ
ԶһŴϣһµĶվϣңңؿŷɱ
һдԼʮ׵ʱͣŮһİŮӣ俪ڵǶ磿
ʱҲ´ۣͻȻչһЦҵµԲ˭ⲻǶϹû뵽ȻԲ˲òࡣ
һ磬Ҳ˺˵ʶʦʱﻹûء
ɫһ䣺Ϲ֣ҪΪʹͿڱǰԲ֮䣬ҲǷǿġ
˵ò
̧ͷŶ磺ȻԲʱҲǺôҲ֮ǰĲ̸ҹɽ£Ϊ
ȹһڣЦ绨֮󣬺δȥã˾ˣ㻹Ҫ
ֳ֪Ϊһ֮£ϣչأʲôʱʲôʱĪҪҹᡣ
ʼʱ򣬲֪ľǶ磬Ƕ磬Ҳûʲô⣬ֻ˵䣬ΪԼ̬ȶǲˡ
ǶʲôˣӢˣΪԲȻڻԪǰСˣ˵ǰǷݰȴѹѹס
Ȼ֣ڶĶҲǲˣһ˦䣬һ˫Сֱ󣺡Ϲֲ֣ģ㻹Ǹø͸ȥҪﰭְŵġ
ڱ˵ǰƢò˵ΪǱûкƽȶԻʸ磬ǷݵȻҲˣԲҹ֣»ֲвıֹ㣬ҪĻ磡
ҪǲӦأ
˫ֱͦΣС˫°ԶĻߣӸµؿûԼ֮ǰԲĸַ
Ŷӵ̬ǳˬһ˵ɣ
˵һ̧һצķ˳ȥֱŵǿŴȥ
ʮƣ
۾΢΢һ£ҲƾǵµĴϡ
¡¡صȥЦſ磬ȴ
ϴȻȥˣȴҵǸ߶ͦζӵĿ⿴˾ô֮У
⡭ⲻܣ
Ŵͣŵؿ֮еĶ磬Сţ֮ǰһ


436 ˭˭?
˼ؿŶ磬ô֮Уǰһ
Բܣ㲻ܴﵽĳ̶ȣ
Բǰģʵϣȷʵ֮ǰˡ
𾪵ɫ쳣ЦŬСԼЦ񶫷ǿֵ̬ʲôȤģû͵סôվЦ
˾ˣôãָЦǻ֦Ҳ
Բ˳ЦȻЦĺÿҲķŭȵ磬Цʲô
ЦϹΪԲȻ޴㿴ϸˡ
˵ţ֮˼һֻżվͬƽ֮ϲࡣ
ʱ򶨾ϸڷڡ
ԭ֮ϣ²ȵһ˿ߣ˿ߵͷԶô
Ϲ֣ɽ֮ϵľҳ٣ȥ̤һ·Ҷǲ˿ǰУϧҹ֮У㶼û˿ߵĴڣʵƸ֡
Ҳûôιɫһķ죬ԶѾͷⲻ΢ĩҲֻһʱѣ΢ĩ֮΢ĩܴ֮ʲôȥҪȥ
˵Żһ̧վһֵ˳ȥ
ɵƿն˲仮ʮ׵Ŀռ䣬ֱն˶µ˿ߡ
ŵһתת˿һƿֵȻϹֲ֣޶⣬ǲҿƣǷɵϣƽϣ㲻Ҫҡ
ЦѾͷĿǲСǾͲ֪ıǲǺĿһ󣬳ھ뿪ȻľһҪ뿪
˵Żһ˫
˫һִ̧ķ˳ȥһһҵľһ𣬷ţֱ˰еĶ硣
𣡡
һڣնһ㣬˫ڽ»
û뵽˫ڰ֮оȻһתۣһͷȥµ˿һΣ
ڵϹЦôѾͷ˵ɣ
ӿ䣬ɫ죬һӣһ˿ߺϱ廨̴ԶľھԼߵĵطٴһ˿֮š
˫£ò˿ϣûմء
һѽУľٸƻˣ
˵Ҫ֣̲סһϹ֣ѾУ㻹֪ˣݹֱˣ
˵Ժ󣬶ɫȹҵƮͻȻһɰڣգ
һɰɫͬǵصӿֱѹȥ
úã
һԭطתٶͬһ㣬üӰͺֱɻһն𣺡죡
ɫ˷ӿ˲ͽûС
ת̫죬Щɫڣһһּն𣬴ΧİѩȻγһ״ϸ籩
ɫأϾԲɲôöԸģʮָһһŵ廨С
ʱ򣬿еֹͣתɫ˵ĳûиʲô˺
һֱһ׵ľ޴ѩⶼǱġ
ȥ
ΪӦĿգҲķٵһܹˣɴཫѩֱ򶫷ȥ
һʮź˿ߣڿл磬׵Ĺᴩѩ򣬼ȥ
籾ˣշ貨ӣɫڶ׽ѩһߣһȥ
ǰ룬ƣĹƣһһ𽭺ķƣҲκβģ
һŹֵļƣٻĻƣʮСƿնЩڰ֮
ϢײϢʧСΣء
ԶƣǸɴһĳ

ֵڶ̶Ϣʱ䣬ԲǶһƣһεӲӲ
䣡
ɽѰһ죡
˵ڿڶƵ·ضһ£Ȼһһ߶ѷ죡
յ˳ȥֱʮɲסΣһң䵽һϡ
ҲͬķɳȥͦԶдһ˿ߣȻһץڿС
ʮԶңңԡ
翴Ϲ֣⽵ʮѾԽʮƵÿγƶǽʵʻǿƷ;ףȷʵ
ҲѾͷƱǽһԲҲﵽ޼᲻ݵĳ̶ȣΪŮӣͲó͵·ߣȻܺĵĽʮƶԹԺˡ
һһѾͷؽźܲˣϹֻ֣Щ£տȡ衣
֪㻹бûʩչŲסģʲôʩչɣҺΣ
ҵģҿܽӵ˼룡
ʱ͵ͷ裬ǧķҲ֪ʲôط˳ǵأ籩һȥ
ɫأķ룬Ѿýʮƻˣֻ;
ſڣͻȻףһʨӺ˳ȥ
ʨӺ𣬻ԣը죬Ȼ𶯵Щ뻺һ
ʨӺԣǻԪ͸ؼԸˡ
һҲвն𣬶㿪룬ԶĶѾͷҲһĵĿлڣ
ģĽڷһƣҲǽʮƵľ衣
Щʼֵʱֻͬ򾣬ͬСߣһŵĳ֣ĳӭǣȫʵʻﵽ˼µı֣
צ治ɫһСѣŲƴ󷨣
һɫ˳𣬶罿СӰ˲ʧ֮С
Ŀлǵصľ
ڵܼǴЩһ£õضɽҡػζ֮ǰŵĵصֱΪ˼
£档
û¶ϲɫΪоԲô򵥵ġ
ʱͻȻԺһϸ΢ķƶʱû⣬ǱܷӦһͷָһ죬յؼסһ롣
ǸͲ׾ҪվǱסˡ
ãһŲƴ󷨣ôģ
һЩ΢еźЦһϹ֣㻹еһΣûôˣţ
ɫͬˮǹˮһޱߵٴӿֱȫ
ǵĲУޱɱ
ŶһڸоѹǶ汾¡
ҲʾһĽɫ߳֡
ѾͷĪҪ񣬿ĵ׺
ײʱ̣ȴͻȻͣһ£µķеѽãɵСӣ


437 ų
Ҫʩչһ׺ͶģͻȻ̧ͷȥ·򣬸оá
Ľ˲ʧˣţǱĶ˶Ĺ
ˣҲûԻǱ˹ȥ
Ѿͷ£Ĳˣд裡
˵Ժתܣͬʱ̧ͷߺ޵ؿһ֮еĽӥ
תҪܣʧ棬һɫķ롣
ƽʱ֣룬һεĽɫ룬ǵһγ֡
һһ˲ʧһֱӾͳı
̷ֻ£û뵽绹һƴ㻹ûȫĿ򴦵·䴩
һ뱻˿˻
ӹһմһѪ顣
Ϲ֣㻹񣡡
罾ͷûмѾʧǽĿת·
ûжһѾԽ˿ռľ룬ֱӵڣԪԺ֮С
Ԫ棬ɹ˰ɣˣЩȲˡ
ղŵϢȫһɨգЩŵҧ촽һСֽӥ֮µġ
ּֽѾһٶˣȻֻдģǶȴôôдĺãԪʲôǺõģǰ
ǧﴫԪյȴܸػҲûָԪػɽתתɴһôų˿棬ľһ˿棬ȴ
ģȵĳӻں棬Ҫȥ֣ǲһȥҪ˶ˣȥ
ﰤ˶һ룬Ҳ˲üƽϣ廯ֱ¶ȥƬ̹Ѿص˲ؾ
˲ؾ֮Ĵ鿴ʲôط
ؾϵͳܿؾҲ棬Ͷսʱ򣬿ɹ˽ղѾ˳ȥǲ֪ﱻ
֮æĴ鿴ܿͷ֣űߵһһ
ɥһƨǽһ
ȥԸǿУǱ߸ں͵飬һڳʱעⰲȫء
ɣ޳ܰ
ԲľЩԪͿˣЩץĸо
ƽ˺һųһоЩۣ˿Ȼֻǳǳһ룬ԼĻһǿķûܵסռ˱ȥ
ȻΪ粻սʱʤԼǴʱȷʵԿˣҪΪ;ɵСоˡ
뵽鱻͵һЩ飬ǺͷɴģǩֻѺ˵ģֻҪܹһ飬ԺٸʲôͲˡ
ڶ絽֮ǰշո뿪ûжá
շ˼ϣϱֺϲһϣܹ˵Ǳ̬ȡ
ӦǿշɮΪ˱չʮ飬߶߶˵һѣʵЩⲻȥŴӦ쿴
ȥ˾飬зҪЮԼֶˡ
뵽һķëɿɲʡ͵ƣԼ꣬Сһ־ֻ»ֵѸҪˡ
޳ܵСӣʹ鱻͵ˣˣҲʲôҪӦģӴֹţոһɣϴһ˿ʹ΢΢ü
磬ǲ򵥣ǿŲƴ棬ʮ֮ôľȻûз֡
ϬĹûֶΣﾹȻһ˿ɵ
ʮ¶ʮ磬շԶû뿪Ժ᷿ǺͻԪԼʱһ죬Ҫġ
һֱʱ֣˵Ĵɽ¡
ԪֵٴǰӭӣϾݵΪ飬ʱֹͣ⿪һ죬רŴ¡
ֻһӭӵûҲû֪ͨշǣǻԪŵǰӭ˵˵
ΪִɣͬʱҲܲڵأʵǼǿġ
Ȼһ޼ңʵЩ𣬵ΪͻȻԲ˴ʿ룬ĺȲʵӡ
ӵųܿһˡ
ڵĸֿĸҲһʱˣݻԪ۲죬ɽħ̵ʵࡣ
µǰ̷վӭݵ
һʿһɫʮˣȫ쾳磡
ЩǰԶΪţҲվãγǽ
֮ʮ˱Ŵĺ̺˹һ̺ŵ͹˳ȥǰĿյһ̵ֱ֮ڣ滹˱ź̺ܣ׼γɽ
Ԫ΢ЦһĻڽ֮൱ĻʵۣʵۻΪ̫ĹҴ²ģʵΪһλˡ
ϧλãҲϡѾͷ˽һĸԼߣһûԪжԸᡣ
Щ˶λˣĸﵽھĽη̧һŵĶɫӴɽ·ɱ
ĸηǸոսھ磬֪սΣṦǲ򵥣żһΣ̧ŽշɶʮԶҶΪ룬̧ŸоƮƮģһ㶼е֮ӡ
ǰĹ㳡ĸһηɶɾ˺̺ǰ棬¡
һͬ쾳ĿСŮǰ׼ƿ
ӵģһȺ̶ӰˣɡŸ֮ǰЩʿȣȻһ˵Ķ顣
ȫˣһų
˵һӣȻҪʾĹŻԪͷеĺжһţȻ΢΢ͷӭݵ
Ůƿ˳
Ԫ̧ͷһֻۣһʢװͷڣȹѩ׵磬ǡ
ûŮĲ˽ӣվ˺̺֮ϣڿһۡ
Ԫ֮󣬶Ŀƺܹ˼
Ҫݣǹٷϣ˽˻绹һ˹ڣ̬ǧһֱߵڣԪ֮󣬹һЩڵַɣǰΪ˿ǷʸΪ˵һɣӵ֪ͨˣ
Ѿõ֪ͨ
Ǿͺãһ죬˽˭ͨҲ˭ͨġ
лһ·ˣ뵽ƶɮķԺڿ衣
Ԫ˵ţһƣ΢΢ͷȹϵأһ·ԪķԺȥ
ǰƵĸ̺ĽŲʼղ䵽ϣȹŪࡣ
ոûжԶͻȻǰԶԶģŭظ
ԪȽԶֻԪһȺԶԶĴһ䣡ʱ䵽ˣʲôȥˣĪӱܲɣôŮˣŮǸʲôģ


438 ʶ
ԪͬǰԺЩ̵̺ĺ⣬²ûиǰɮµкǰϢˡ
µˣҲûиǰֻлԪӻߣ˲Ǻܶࡣ
һ磬ޱǿҲ֪ˡ
ϧǸ⡣
ʶ磬Щ˵λҲûȥμӹ
ҶǰǸݣڱŮˣֱϾǷţҲȥһŮƯ
ԻǽԺΪ˹Ű屩꣬ЩưԵǷУӲЩ顣
һڷǳرۿʱ䣬ȲľȥһԪ棬̸𸴣ǵ˻Ԫŷûˣһʲ֪ȥӭӿˡ
ӭʲô˻ϱֺϲҪԱܵؾΪԪӱܡ
ӣӲģȥ㣡
ҴҵظԶԶԪʹʣ俴˸绨Ůӣ
ջˮôһ߻ô೬ˮأһһȥˣΪԺŮ˾еˬⶼջŵӵס
һʣ̾Ͳˡ
ôڻԪ㻹ܵˣ˭ѽ
ĵؿ˻ԪһۣѯʵͼԪǵһ䣺ֵĽԺԴʦƶɮʦɣұֺϲֵġ
Ԫɫʱˡ
ǱԴ˹ԻԪš
һ䣬㻰أǲǹڶǣ
Ԫ΢΢ʩʦ˵ﻰƶɮӭλŮʩȴæˣ϶ʦһȷش𸴡
Ԫ˵꣬´˶缸ۡ
ŮȻòǷü֮һӢֽεεĴС㣬оӦǽŮ
ԾȻоǷ书һϰгɵ˸о񣬵Ժǲῴ¾ǿշǵȾ磬ҲиоģԼǿܶ࣬Լ࣬ǲԼܶ࣬ижϡ
ǰŮӣȴоһ㣬ƺһͨˡ
ʲôͨ˻ôųôأ
Īǻ˲ɣ
ʹǻˣҲʮֵںԻԪԼһţʦ滹ڵȺٸһȥ˵ˣλŮʩһɡ
Ԫ濴˿ԣƶɮĿˣڴ˱ѩеȺ򣿡
ߣʲô˲˵ģ֮ǰǣ񼴽ƶɮĽɼܷΧ֮ڣΪɣʺϽӴŮͣ£Ӧ֪ɮͨ˴ĵǰ
˵ţ¿˿磬ŮҪʱ䳤˻˵ãⱱֵּķˣ˷Բɳ
ﻰ⣬Զ͸һְԵΪϲһѾ϶ˡ
ô˵Ҳ޵ķʸΪϣշѾȥ̸ˣʼ£շἰشӦ˵쿴
շҲ˵ˣ˵˵ǾǴӦˡ
ҿշԣѾԲ棬£ߵĸֻ֣Ҫֺ֧ϲһ£ôһܳɹ
Բ˵е˵Ҳܴ
ԶˣֻҪϲһɹͻٱַȾһ俪ɽħŮ̸ϳȥȻԽ£ҲһģһʱһȥҲ˳ɣرֵҲ˵ʲô
û뵽ǣո˵꣬ŮӾͿˡ
ֵ𣿡
ᣬȴЩ䣬Ůûʲô飬ֻؿԡ
ûƶɮֽԺһ£Űɡ
Ȼֵӣô˵һӣ㲻᲻һɡ
翴̬ȣջ𣬳޼ǻ⣬Ѿܾû˸Լ˵ˡ
Ȼ˵һӣʲôء
Ի˵Ȼֹ
Ҳıֻһʱջûз̬˷ʣýֺͷҲŲ³Ů˵ˡ
Թԣ
һʱЩ㶣ίʵţһðݵСǽպգĶ
ͷЩ̲סָ֣Ŷ㡭ǡǶ
ɫһָԼʾˣһڲ³Լݵ¡
ҪģѾǶˣһβ׵£ͽȥ£׼ʼˣ»˵ö̾ɱ˼
ָһһ֣粻ϻҪһ뵯ȥ
Ա߻ԪͻȻһۡ
Сһţ˵û˵ڣ˲ʧżԼ˵ɱˣЩСίؿ˻Ԫһۣ˼̫ˡ
Ԫֻǿ˶һۣûҲָܿǣͷļµ˶Աץ죡
ĸҲڣóһҲ΢ǿһЩĸһϣԸûʲôֿͱס
˵˷ͬĻϸհ죬߸ոƷǱ߾һȥҪ졣
һҪˣԪ漱æƶɮʦ岢֪һʱðĵط飬ҲСˣϸ첲ȶҲ򡭡
ԱץסڷһԼ飬ȴջ
鲻ú˵ʲôϸ첲ȶġ
ޣһ䣬㲻üٺģһҪÿ
δ䣬ͻȻһ̧֣һյѨѨ
ʱſڽ࣬ɫ࣬ȴҲ˵
Ԫһ£Ȼû¶֣Լȶˡ
ҶεѨֺأԵѨͬʱҲ˶Էһ
ԵɫܿǱ˼סʱѾˣǽŵѨĻڱԡ
סԣ͵ͷ˻Ԫһۣǧﴫİ취˵һ䣺Ҳϲ˵㡣
ԪͷΪһǳڻص壬ǶֽѵԣΪС˼ˡ
Щεؿ˿磬ԪʦȷʵЩˣȴطԺ˵ɡ
˵ŻԪŶ˼ǰĸԸں档
Ժγ˶Դں汻ţ߷
һָѾˡ
ҲãԼӱ˴ȥԺãΪʱոյͿշڷԺ֮С
ڰһ»ЩԥڿԼӣһӲɡ
𣡺ߺߣƶɮҪ㿴Բʱ򣬻ŵԵǳڴǸʱ̡


439 ̬
̺һ·ǰǰԪһֱͶں̺ϡ
֪ػͷһۣŷֺ˶ߣ̺ϣֻԼͶ硣
ЩдԱߵĶһۣöҲڿĿԣ¶һЦݣԪҲ΢΢һЦһůڡ
һ·˷Ժ̺Ҳһ̵ֱ˻Ԫǰ
֮󣬶ʾ⼸½Է£Ȼһ̧֣ԵѨ
Ա⿪Ѩ֮ҡҡλεģŰȶΡ
վס֮ؿڣǱһָˡ
ǳһûҼͶŶԶǱϾôҲֵúȥ
ڴͿշܽ
ԪûйԣǶԶʾ⣬ڡ
ڻԪ£絥ȹ˷Ժ֮ڡ
ڵͿշ֮󣬷׷վ
Ͳ˵ˣϸոպͶ罻֣ʱǶ֣ڶ֣ǾǿˣȻҪʾò
շǲʶ磬ΪѾʮˣʮǰ绹һСȻû
ǸղѾ˵ˣΪ˵һԱȻҪʾ𾴡
ҲͶ˼ȻڻԪİ֮λ
շʱȥԣ΢΢üˣôŪӣ
ɫεصѧղղŶֽѵ˵һ£ͳˣ
շһ£һ۶硣
糤ȹһڣԺûȥշǶϵĲ豭Ʒһڡ
շʣȴоƺ߲ƣɴͽʻ˶ǶԻԪһ䣬һѾȥˣ֪㿼ǵˣ
Ԫʱʦ棬õģұֽ񣬵÷񼣣һ־伮̵ʱգǲؾȻоԶһ㣬Ͽ֤
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˵꣬Ԫʦ˵Ҫϱֺϲһ£Ҳҹշת࣬ٳ޷ߣֱҹʱַų˯ȥ
ԪĻɫŹ֣豭ݺݵغһˮȷʵٳ޷ߣһĵ͵ҵľˡ
Ԫ֮󣬵ӵ÷Ρ
Ԫ˵շԶһ㶣շʵǲ֪˵ã
Ԫ¶֮ɫ˫ֺʮգڵҹӳ˯֮䣬壬һ·Ʈ֮в֪˶£Ȼɽ£ȥҷ֮

Ԫ˵꣬ŭһָŻԪıӾͺ˳
ԣ£
շȻҲΪԪϾкĶ࣬ǳһ䣬ȻֶԻԪ֮أ
Ԫûԣǵɽ֮ϣգ֮Уﶥǽڣǳɣǧɸߵ̨֮ϣҷڽʢ£һ仨˼ꡣ
ȡȡ
һˮȵǺסˣȻǱ߿һ´˻ԪĻ
ԪǸɴĵͷר־оǱˮˮдǧһ
Ҳһ豭һڣںȲ裬ȴ΢΢زҲ֪ǲ̫̰Ц
շҲɫŹ֣ǻûŻԪ棬˵ꡣ
Ԫ治ɫûˣ£ҷڽ˷𷨣ΧĴվ̨޺Ƽǧ٤֣˲зڣҡΣҲ˻󣬻ƴǧ
һοշҲ̲סˣڵʢһʲô
Ԫŵʱӿ˾һʱ鲻Խоϲڴ֮ǰ˶״̬лҲ֪ʱٴۣ֪ã׺ɣָ֮䣬ǰ̣ижӯ
ȻշǳһΣʱ̲סٴ˵ˣһ䣬浽׺˵ʲô㻹ûˣ
Ԫ΢΢׵ʱ򣬷֣֮˵һ仰
˵ʲô
һγ˶еؿŻԪ⣬˶ǲԼͬؿڷʡ
Ԫʱׯϵص˵Ҵַأ㵱أתˣգգ
շɫʱҲ쳣ѿ豭һڣβŵһ䣬治ϣֺϲֱ֣˵α̬Ūƭҵȣ˵Щܹأ
Ԫ΢ЦҡͷӾ֪ʦ治ţûйϵԵԣǸʱ̵ļ˵Ժ֮Уʦ治ţôһԽʱչָʦ濴
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շʱվ
˵ףշһУȻȽϳǶڷȴҡ˵Ԫչʾʱ龰һʱȻ鼤Գ֡
Ԫ漱æʦ治ļҪ׼һܽʱֳ飬Ҫʱſԣչʾʱ䣬ʱ
շɴһӣãľ͵ʱʱļʶݣĪ˵㱱ֺֺϲּ㱱Σ
շô˵Ա߼æʦ²ɴѽӿǻǡ
ԵʾշҲʶ˻е˵ˣԻԪΪѣҲûʲô㻹Ҫע⣬Ҳĳһ˵ģ㻹ҪҪ
Ԫתͷ˿շһۣ֪ʦ˵ҪǺأ
շ΢ЦǱֵϣҲǶǰľʶƷҲǺŵùģǵĳϣ书ǴﵽԲ߾磬ˣȻҪˡ
ԪҲЦŵͷʦ˵ǣϣȷʵֵĶɻȱʮֿصġ
Ԫ˵շдϲԻԪǲ˵˵ϱֺϲһµΣ
ԪҲͷҲãϵҲΪһο
˵Ż˵Ŀⶼ䵽ϡ
շЦĶϣ˵˵ˣϱֺϲһ£ǲһ£ѽ
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˿Χļˣ̾ϢһԻԪԼշɽµĳûµ֮ˣһ䷽ɣĲһжɵġ
ˣʱѻȸշŵؿôҲ뵽˵


440 ĳ
Ļ˵꣬շɫףû뵽˵
Ԫ΢΢ͷһεĿǴˡ
Դֵ³ֵڣԪûҪֺϲ֡
ϹԪ涼ȴ
ڵıһ֮ƣۣѾһ׼ĴˣóȻӽһٶˣĶһ𣬲Ǻ¡
ܾշеǰ취ǻԪͨһε飬㶨
ڶ֮£Ԫץ˻ᣬ˺ĶԼ
ֻҪԸķ䣬ôԺҪԼԪţƤˣİ־ͿԿǺˡ
ͷתԪתЩ㶵ĿշԣԶ˵ʦ棬ʦ壬ʱˣھͿԿƶɮ˵Ļˡ
˵Ժ󣬻ԪͻȻʩչ˴µĻþ
þ˭ʩչԪȫĿƣȻĸˣǻԪֻǶԿշʩչͶͲܿþ
þʱ̣ܶԼֻһӲԪ˻þÿĶշѾˡ
һοշ𺳵ˡ
ʲôĻþʲôʩչԺʩչִ¾ЧշڻԪջػþǰζûл
ǿշȴŻ׵ӷû뵽֮껹ܼݣʹھԲţҲԹ޻ˡ
Ա߶Կշʦǡ
շվǷ˵ıأѾûʸñˣǻȥɡ
˵Ժ󣬿շͶǣǣͻԪǣûʲôԹ޲֮ġ
˵շһϸĺУԪҲǾ壬Ҳ໥Ϳշ뿪֡
ԪעһԣԶڶ绹ԹԵӣƺҲٽ֦ˣҴҸǣͿշͬȥ
ֵˣҲҪزؾ
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̾Ϣһ㣬̾磬պвǲֻܷԸˡ
˵Ŀٶľˣǿɵһϣڣǰ׼Ÿո̿ƺҪһһĿЩֵǲʵġ
ԪҲļƾ˵ڣϴοɶ˺ü죬һˣ༸Ҳġ
ͶصڣԪͻȻ뵽һ⡣
ǲ֪Ҫ켸գʱ䳤ĻЩԵõģҪǰ׼Ͼǲǳҡ
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㱧ԪЦõḧĳοʱǿ϶еģֲŮӣ㻹Ȼȥȡ
Ļո˵ͻȻ̧ͷüŻԪ棺ѣΪʲôĺɽŮˣ
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ŮԺȥɽǳֵĳ嶯ѹֵúԪ˵ֲŮͣջ
ǻԪͻȻ˵Īа㶣ԻԪĪаŮ
ŮĸգĪŮҪùء
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Ҫγƺ
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Ƕһ޿ԴǸȴһżģԼߵʱıǾȫʧˣͬһղСãûԪн㻹治ÿڡ
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ԪȻԭԼˡ
֮öٰȥӭȢ޷ǾΪ⺢ӸɾƯȻҶϱȻҪҸ˳۵ģ벻õѡ
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ңԶһ㶼Զ
ͻȻ֣㲻ҪΪҲ֪ǧɽˮܵɽȥ˵û²ŽйأǸˣҸɴһɱҲһ˰ˣǼȻĪаŮҷ֣ҿ϶ǲ뿪ģҲᣬһ죬ҪģǸʱ򡭡ѽѽ
˵Ժ󣬶ٴͷǲ֪Ǻˡ
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ĳ˵˭
ٴ𱨳£ԪͻȻԲ˵𱨳һ»֣أôĳˣ϶򵥣


441 
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Ԫ棬ұ㣬ԺԶ㽭ˣÿһ뵽ʮܵίʹ࣬ҵͺޣǸŮˣô꣬ѾԲҵĶˣһҪ𣡡
Ԫ΢΢ü˭ȥ
ҵĴʦ໨򡣡
Ĵʦ㣿÷ɵǸ
ʦڸɵѧ׶ԣһǷɵ޿ƥеģ൱ľ磬޷ǿһȻгɣȴûаյһݳޣһֱҵѹ˶ʮꡣ
ͣһ£ֵɵı׶Ҳܴ󣬾ǿһֻʹһΣȫһ֮ϣһóͺ̷ʧȥһвսǿ
Ԫ΢΢ͷȫһ֮Ϸһ϶һĿ϶ҲǼģ뷢ͬһǾ޿ˡ
໨Ҫ㣿
⣬ƺ΢ЩŤŮ˵ļĶѣʦΨһõʦ谮ĵӣǺʦңΪʦϲˣϲˣԾʡ
¶ɫҸոʦţ໨ʺ׽͸һ㣬˵ǿ֮ãҵķҲԣΪǺ⣬ÿն㣬û뵽񶾵Ů˾ȻŵһѬ㣬кôˣͻᱻӰ졣
˵˵ţȻǸʱһǸӣӰ죬𽥵ģҵ岻ٷر֣ȻʼЩ˵ķչʼһΪԼ˲ڼţֱһʦڲ˲ԡ
ԪҲ𺳣໨δ̫ЩΪʲôҪ˵ȥкأ
飬ʦѬ⣬ʦǳҪ໨ʦ̷໨ʦ̸һΣ֪ΪʲôʦȻûгͷ
ȥ໨𣬿κεֵķɵһֱţֱһ죬ʦһ䣬˵Ȿɾ֮󣬾ȫĶųȥǸʱҾܳ׻ָŮ
Ԫ΢΢ͷԭôڸġ
֮ʦ½ĪаԶֻԺһֱΪǶʦ֣û֪ʵʦ㡣
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Ϊջָҵ壬ҲΪܱ໨ƴⱾڹǳаٶҲܿ죬ڶʮͷʱʹﵽڣ֮ʦ뿪ǲ֪ȥ򣬴Ҹ뿪ʦţȥ˺ȣ֮飬Ϻܶ˶֪ˡ
˵ͻȻΪԼⱲûϣˣвŮŮģҲкˣϲӣԾ˶ٰס
Ԫ΢΢Щ֣Ǹʱôţôȥأ
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ԪôƺЩΣǸоûʲôɴҲͲˣԶǺ໨ȥʲôˣ
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˵ЩԪһ⣺໨ͣ
˵⣬Ҳԥһ£໨˿ͣҸоƺҴܶ࣬ƫƫĺƵģ˷ֱ治Ƕ֪ʦһٶˣʦȥҲǲ󡣡
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ҡҡͷӦòᣬҺڶʱȷʵס໨һѾԲķɵٶҹвˡԲôͻƵģҲҲôõ
ѾԪҲû취ֻܵһҪ֪֪̽ˣɰսʤ
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֪໨ĳֵص㣿
ݣǰգ໨ݳһ·ȥ˸٣ЩûϢӦǱ໨ɱˣȷ໨һһѨ˵ĳаɣϳҪҵ̽顣
һЩǰ˵һٴζԻԪԪ棬Ҷ¿˵㣬ɲٴڲˡ
Ԫ̾Ϣһϧƶɮһ
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޲һദΪǱͬãĽദֻѶȾͲСˡ
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Ժ˼ţǱ߶ֵڲ£ҲǣҪˡ
ߣȥ
ͷԪ棺һǵһɿ˾ͻͨϾ뿪ǰһ㽭½ҾͻصߣҸ


442 ,ͻ
˶˵ԪͻȻһֲԤС
ϱӵӰˣͨ˵һΣͽҪһƱͽϴ֡ʦһ˾˳
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໨ܾǰʵǿ磬񶫷Բû˭֪໨Щûͻƣ
Ǽ֤ͻƣּ֤˶ͻƣԪԲ֪ƺҲôرѡ
˵ʵǿ໨ҲѾԲء
˵ͬĻ޷ֵ໨ķɵ໨ҲԲȥĻ
Ԫ治ܽܶȴ˵ʲôΪû֪໨ͻ
һ˿ԪԶ磬ԩԩ౨ʱˣˣȻѾԲǲǿԡ
һΥԪĻԪ棬ҿǺܾõľҪһûҲһźֻҪɣҾͻģȴܸҴ𰸵һ졣
ԪվûмȰ໨ûͻƵĻôҲÿԸֹ
ȥĻҪã
Ѱ໨Ҳף˳ĻңĻҪ꣬˰꣬ҵ໨ôһϢ
վ˻Ԫߣס֣֪ȥܻһЩգԲ㲻̫ģҲܻҲȥѰңѾ⣬Һ໨ֻһܻҲķɵ֮£ͻƣ¼ܵһ˾ֻʦǶˣȥҲ
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Ԫϵͳص·һǰţţֻҪûдʷĻϵͳԼɡ
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Ԫ澭濼ǣһ˰õ
ϾһǸԼˣΪӹյԵʵһЩǺ¼ԺһͼǿٶȴѾдﵽڶļƣԪΰҲϣܹһ¥սڡ
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İõѡԪѡҲȷˣȥľĻһ⣬ĻֱӶ˰á
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Ǻһ䣬仰񱻾ǰĹӣһ뵽ϱΪ֮᲻ݵ㣬Ԫںţ̫ˣ㲻þԶ岻ˡ
ɮǼס˷ɵĻַҪ߳ʢȥ
вؾľΪܣɮµķѧ֪ʶõ˳ֵװﶼ
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ʱƣܿĽʮһ·ݡ
ոսʮһ£ԶʹԼһϲѧϰ˾澭Ժ󣬾ԶٴλͻƣڳΪڵĸ֡
ΪӵԶıֺûԪ⣬ԺѾ߸ϵĸˡ
һơԪ۵۸աԶټԼڣʤڵĸ֡
žԶͻƣʮһʮյʱֵĵһһٴͻƣΪ֡
һν٣ؼһֺã٣ٶȻͿ졣
һͻƺ󣬻Ԫ̽˰ڡ
һ񣬾ĿһЩٿһЩϾһֱʵ̫˿˵ȥ
ʮһʮյʱһ³۵ĻţͻˣΪ˺ԲҲǸ˻ԪһССľϲ
ţľȻߣȻѾ˵㣬ڹʱܴﵽ߲㣬ˡ
ŴһĽԪοԼȴһ㶼ûи
ԴӶ뿪ڣԪһֱûͣЪڵ𽥵شﵽһ׶ֱʵߵļ졣
ݻԪƣֱﵽһʱ򣬾Լͯӹڵʱڵٶȣ²ͣƾͲˡ
ԲƿڽڣȴûôˣһصסԪ棬˻Ԫʮ㡣
ʮһʮ壬ҪѮˣԪϣһжƽƽģԼһЩеӣѸʵ
ƫƫ첻Ըʮһʮ峿һϢص˻ԪĶС
Ǿɽħ˶˵ĪаˣҸݷͨ뺣ݷͲЩʮ֮ڹʥ̣ȻҪɱȥȮ
Ϣ֮󣬻Ԫ֪ĪаһȱˣֻǾȱܻ·ϣһȲȻˡ
ݷδؾͲ֪ĪаȱϢҪӦĪаĹأ
ʱ򣬻Ԫ滹ΪӦúûϵԼɽۻˡ


443 ʥ
ĪаطԭϢһһƬɧ
ħսаһҪ档
Թаֻħսսа߱˿ʵԽʿǱɽۻ鿴ħ̼ʼĴս
ĪаһʤݷһʤҲܾˣʹħ̴ȨҲٶγκεв
ĪаѾų˹ʥ̳ĴʥʹѾǰʢƵ·ϡ
Ĵʥʹǲ˹ʥ̵Ĵ󻤷ÿڶʵֻҪһĪаɱħ̳
ĪаٶԪ΢΢Щ⡣
ĴʥʹôĪаȫٵȴգȲϢɢȥʱ䲻⣬䲻һٳɹΪηҪǰ˵ݷ׼أ
Īа˶ʮħ̽Ԫ治ôסˡ
ԪǴ㿴ֵģҲż
㿴֣ƫƫͲ֣ʮһʮյϣĪаȻˡ
ԪȺõ˽ӥԤƾĪаһ·ԼķԺ
Īаһ£糾͵ģΨ˫Ŀо˸ŭ
ӸλˣͶ粻ͬӢƽﲢǡ
Īаǰ¶һģ
˻ԪſڣĪаŶ룬Ԫݲ衣
ĪĻ죬ɡ
ĪаڻԪδ֪ûʲôȣһƨϣԻԪһ䷽ɣæ
ԪһĪа˵£̾;ڵĪ£˵ƶɮӦģֻֽ񷱶࣬νš
ĪаüɶĪĳ˵ʲô𣿡
ԪѾԤȴǰʱЦĪ뽲ɣƶɮܲԾౡ֮
ĪаڷǰĪĳҲˣ˹Ĵʥʹû
ʲôû
Ԫʱ󾪣ѹĪа£ԭνĴʥʹûĪаơ
ĪаҲȫֻΪ˹ʥҲкҪ飬ǵĽڱأڽڳأĴʥʹҪԶڲܹҾֻһȻˡ
ǼȻĪƶɮʲôأ
Ϸ÷ɰæһز˹ʹߡ
ԪһƵƵҡͷ²ɣĪɡ
ĪаЦϷ֪ɲӦģȲҪæžܾϷȸһ飬Ժپܾ١
Ԫ΢Ц˵˵ҲС
ԪӣĪа֪˼صɣʥǴӲ˹ԭѾʷÿһνǾʾ޵Ÿ֣һ㷽֪ɣ
ԪͷƶɮȻ֪ĪȻţжȲҲħ̽
ȷʵ֮Ϊ͵ģʢƵʥ̵һνǰѪħ֮ǰĽһѪħѪӰ񹦣һ߲ٵν֮λʱ򣬾ͻὫѪӰ񹦴һνǵ˶һͳ˶ϲ㡣
Īа˵ƺЩʣûѪӰ񹦵ļ̳֣߳˵ûҲûѪӰ񹦴ȥ˵ڶ֮ĽǲѪӰ񹦵ģûž񹦵֧ţļν˵ʵǲǰεġ
Ԫ΢΢ͷĪа˵òʧȥѪӰһеľѧ֮ħȷʵнµζ
ǣ
ĪаͻȻһתÿһνǲʼįˣڼįҲʥ֮ÿһˣϣѧͻƣ첻ѧϾӵѪӰ񹦵£ԴѪӰȫͬĻѪħǰ濪·ļûһΪԼŵģϣܳԽһ漣ϷҲ⡣
ĪаһĳԽһԪ֪ģȻΪֿԺС
˵ĪаĿ䵽˻ԪϣǰȥϷν֮λҲŶʮ꣬м䣬ν֪˭𣿡
Ԫ㶣治֪֮Īа֮ǰĽ˭
ǱʶһֱΪмʱε˿Ѿء
Īа֪֮󣬽λõĽĽ㣬˵˽ʮ꣬νʱ䣬ܶȥӰ죬ʥԣ˸һר񹦣񣬵ʥڽѾ䵽һ겻ĵز˵棬ʧܵľǴˡ
˵Ľ㣬ĪаƺЩߣԹ˼䡣
Ľ㵣ʮʮΪǱ¸̨ΰĽλõˣҶ룬Ҷ뵣ζʮʥɫֻڶʮǰЩ߻ħʺϼνϷŽ˽֮λ
ĪаĻԪ˵Щڶ֮Ľǣû˴ʲô񹦰
Īаһ죺ô˵ʵĽҶˣĽ㵣νڼ䣬辶˵оԽ书֮ĶҼҪɹˣԼ˵Ӱ죬ʼ޷һҶڸ̨ҲǼûֱܾ뿪ˡ
ҶҲǵһ߻ħģΪڹԵԭ򡣡
Ԫ濴ĪаôĪأ
ĪаʱЩЦһ£ϷȡǶ˵ĽѵȻ᷸ͬĴһЩ鲻ԷɶིǷסϷ񹦴ɣݷЩ˲߹
ԪȻʱĪаâ¶ѵ˵ҲҪͻƲ
Īаʵѧ൱ѣʥ̽ഫһһЩϡĹ򣬾
˵ԺĪаӻһͣóöưĶһ£һö׵˻ԪС
Ԫֽ˹оЩأСͬذװСоȻжʮʵЩŵ
խϿɫĽ⻪ǶһɫʯӨ͸
ʯ·ȻС֡
Ԫһʱһ£⡭ǡ
ĪаŶѵɾȻ˵𣿡
ûСһμ
ԪϣĪаŷһЩҲ·ɾͲӦ֪ʥеܣ߷ɣһöഫЩ괫ȥϷģȻֻöö֪˭̰īˡ
ԪûöƣصĹۿ档
ÿϸۿʱƺɫĻڡ
ǱĪаɣȫעУԼ֣ݸ˵ĻԵ컯ֵͬҲͬЩ֣Ƿǳǳѧ
Ԫ濴ĪаһۣĪĪҪҿⶫʥ̽Ļֻ²ۿɡ
ĪаЦɣϷ˶ʮ꣬Ѿʲô»ˣӦϷҪöʥˡ


444 ǬŲ
ĪаĻԪ΢΢ر۾˼µ׵ʧ
ĪаԪӣҲ˵һߺȲ裬ʮӡ
Ԫ濴˼ʵյϵͳʾ
ϸۿʥʱϵͳʾʥڲ̺书ѧ֮á
Ԫһ䣺̺ʲô书ҵһѧ
ϵͳʱʼٷԼʮ֮ϵͳʾٴ𣺡ڲ̺ǬŲԽĴŲ
ԪʵǬŲƲķΪʲôֻܽҵ֮ʲôô
ϵͳʾٴ𣺡ֻҵʺϽĲ֣޷ѧɺĴŲЧߣĿǰʩչΣԶԴﵽʮɡ
ϵͳʾԪֻо΢΢Щ٣üһȻôı£ԼµĴŲŲƵľҲʮ׶ѣһһ¾Ųʮɣǿʮ׵ľ룡
ŲΣһҲûԪм
һͨӥۿͶսĿŲƴ󷨸Ԫ̵ӡ
ʮɵĿռ䣬Ҳ֪ôȥģӥ֮϶ûߡ
Ҫ֪ʮɿɾһף׾룬˲͹һЩسɴζˡ
ȻԼŲƽҲﲻǸŲƵĵزǻԪƣԼµйأϾѾԲˡ
ԪʱĵһĪаϼһѾڶöʥˣȻԼǺܺá
ϵͳҵĴŲҪ೤ʱ䣿
ϵͳشŲҪʥͣٵʮСʱϵͳԽϡ
ʱ䣬ԪͲµδػϵͳѧһѧͻġ
һȻҪʮСʱС
ջʵûԪѵֵ
ĪаҪҪԼɽð䲨˹ʥ̵ʥʹֻҪԼӦöʥԼˡ
Ԫ֪鲻ôģݷЩ˲öԸԼһҪС
һ󣬻ԪĪаĪԸƶɮһö𣿡
ԣ̫ãһСţ̶ʱͷʲôء
Īа￪ЦɲΪ˭ڶʱھʥѧԪſһĪаͿȥɱˡ
˵ţĪаóڶöʥ˻Ԫ
Ԫ˹Īаͷʾ⣬Ȼʼо
ʵҲоڵȴϵͳ
Ȼϵͳʾһٴʥڲ̺书ѧ֮á
Ԫ漱æϿоһ£ʥ̺ʲô书һѧ
ϵͳ̿ʼٷʮԺʾ𣺡̺ṦԽһέɽΪա
գʲôṦ
ĿǰڿʮɣԾɵṦ
Ԫ治𶯣ⳤǬŲƣֱ޵ˡ
ڿʮɣǿʮ׵ĸ߶ȷڣԾɣһξܷɳٶףʲôսܿ룬нӥӦĻֱһԾˡ
˵պǬŲƶиԵƣֻֽ׶˵ƺǬŲƶսаһЩûֶΣһֱǻԪġ
ٴѯϵͳһέɽҪãϵͳʱǶʮСʱ
Ԫε̾ϢһĪаὫڶöʥԼôõġ
ĽڶöʥĪа
ĪаʱɣǵôˣǷӦϷһȥɽǲ˹ʥʹأ
Ԫһ£ֻҪһȥͿ𣿡
Īа˰֣ȻҪٴһˣһͬǰȥѰˣܴĴʥʹ
˵Ԫ滹һЩȻԼһˣǲֵĪа˴Ĵۡ
ǣĪʥʹǸʲôӣʹʲô书ƶɮҲ֪ʱ±˿Ҫ֪ƶɮֽԺΪС
⻰δϷˣԴ㽫Ůɽ֮󣬿ݷЩͲˣ̸ʲôСҪŮȷʵǳģҲ˺Ϸ򶼺㲻ˡ
ĪаĻԪЦ˼֮ȷʵǽݷЩ˸͸ˣĪаһ߳⣬ֻݷɱˡ
Ī㻨˴ĴۣΪ˶ʥ̵ĿȨǲеòʧأȻ㶼˵ˣʥ̵ĴʥʹβȴһЩʱգ
·ɲضʣϷڶʥ̣ȻҵصֻҪ˵ӦӦͿˡ
ڻԪǷܴӦĪаҲûס
ϾĻԪ治ʶ֪ʥĺôء
֪Ԫϵͳʥоͨ͸ˣΪǬŲԪ˵ʲôҪһȥɽһ˵ġ
ƶɮ˵ױʶƣϾƶɮ书Ҳܶ཭֪ˡ
ϷΪˣɿѡһЩƧ书ʹã־ͺãżʹһѧҲ޷ɣ˵Ȼ棬ûһЩգݷһܣܾܿʹ˱ϷɵɵĵҲǶġ
Ԫ΢΢ͷǸĪаɽӦʲôѧȽϺʡ
ҲԼһȥȥһˣӦһΪˣϾһƵ书Ѿﵽڶ壬ȥҲϺȡ
ԲȻǻԪ滹ǲ뱩¶Ҫ񣬾Ǳ֤ƽ¡
һ֮Լ̬Ⱥ࣬ҲԼԪ汾иڵϵصǾѩ
룬ҪĪаһ𸴣ԪȻˣƶɮͬĪǰɽһΣƶɮһ
뽲ֻҪϷܹ쵽
Ī˵ƶɮӦǰɽһöʥ͸ƶɮˣƶɮϣĪʥ̵ĻĪܹڶöʥƶɮоգʱ䲻ֻ࣬Ҫռɣ֪ĪΪΣ
ĪаЦһΪʲô£ԭǽʥգ򵥣³֮϶ա
˵ԺĪаĶԻԪһΪҪ֮ҪȢϱأͬأ˵ģһǲǴӦأҪҿڣɾͲҪˣܸһС
Ԫʱͷ󺹣û뵽Īа˵˿һʱȻ૵Ĳ֪λش
ĪаԪҲӦˣɴԻԪȻͬˣô¾ôˣϷϣʮ֮ǰɽΪҳµĽʱ䣬ʮ³һϣɲҪٵ
˵ԺĪа뿪ʱ˵һ䣺ƽʱȥ޲£εһˣǾͲܼˡ


445 ʵ
ĿĪаȥ֮󣬻ԪýӥգΧ
ͬʱٽԪͻ۵˳ǶڷԺǰκ˽ӽԼ
ΪϵͳʾˣǬŲҪɹĻҪͣٵʮСʱУ;ϣǾҪһˡ
Ųһ飬ȷһʧ֮󣬻Ԫ潫ʥʼ
ֻҪͣ˹ͿˣϵͳԶΪġ
ǻԪһȻ޷ġ
ǬŲƱϾǸ߼ȻѧķΧڣ֮ԴԪսԪ沢ΪѧԷˡ
һԪһֱһ˼ǾǱҪпԼѧѧϵͳ书ٺãҲϵͳģһһϵͳˣˣˣû˵ȵ᲻ὫԼѧ书ջȥأ
ԺСǻԪ治ò
޷ģûԪЩա
һԪԼŵĹǡ
һǰɽҪʥʥʹǰȥԼ϶ҪױģҲ˵ַɵĿˡ
˵Ŀ֣ô书ҲҪŪһ
Լ书Ѿǰʹùˣ·ֻһ¾ͻᱻϳ˭
õģҲڹˡ
ָָצֵȵȣʹˣʹҲǴżüС
ڷ⡢ࡢþȵԼҵĶǲóȥˡ
ȥԪٴڤ񹦡
ôһǱڤڹֻҪԼ¶ȥĻû֪Լʹõʲôڹ
һôڤ֮󣬿ԵõǴ󷨺ͻ󷨡
Ȼ⼸ղ̫ĳɾͣǻԪΪֻҪԼʹǴ󷨵书û˻ΪԼַһˡ
뵽Ԫ¶ģԺ߽Щ鲻һݾͼ򵥺ܶ࣬ԼƤóһЩȫµ书һݡ
Ԫٴó˱ڤ񹦵ؼʼ
һڤ񹦣Ϊڹؼʱ̱ϣһһΣԪѾᳵ·ȿ˺ܶࡣ
һ죬Ԫҵһ˿УһΣʱ䣬Ԫͽڤ񹦵ĵһ˳
ͬϴεʱһܵڤ񹦳̴֮׼ȥڤ񹦵ɵ
Ԫ׼ڤ񹦵һ֣Ϳʼѹǿڤ
ͬģڤ񹦵˿ҲԪˣȥԽӴš
ڻԪǿѹ֮£ǿиϣ˴ȻϣԷȴ
ôѹ˴Լһʱ֮󣬻ԪڸоƽһЩƺЩϰ˶ԷĴڣôҪȥɶԷˡ
һԪоһЩԳһ£΢ӽһ㡣
űڤԪ𽥳ӽš
ڤӽֱ궯ֻڻԪǿѹ£޷ȥɱڤ
ڤҲһһƣҲȥɾ޴
ԪƴѹƣϢٴƽ
һκķһʱľ룬ȥƺʮҡ
ȻоǳģľʮףͺţֱﵽһףȻԪ޷ôŵģֻǸоֱһ׶࣬ǷųԺҲȷʵô
˵óȲ⡣
æͷ󺹣໥֮Ӧʮ׵ľ룬Ԫƽһ
Сؿٴǰһ໥֮ľ룬ﵽ˰׷Χڡ
ķ˺ܴڰ֮లˡ
һΣԪЩðȻֱӽ֮ڡ
֮ڣԪһûпƺãͬʱʧأһûպãͱ˴˾һ
ڤȻԣҲ޷ֵӴ׵ɵ
˴ٴλΪС
ԪһβûоþɥһϲΪƺҵѭ򽥽ķ
˴˽ӽ𽥵Ӧ˴˵Ĵڣ֪໥֮䲻ȥɶԷǸʱԼͿԽһļƻˡ
ĻϲģԪٴοʼһƱڤ
һθӵԪֻ˴ԼһʱһƱڤ˳
һεľ֮󣬻ԪһΣͱڤľ룬֮ڣơ
ٴκķ˰ʱ׵ľҲûˡ
أأԪٴ׵ľ롣
˳ֵ׼׾룬뻥ҪС˺ܶ࣬ΪѾӦ׵ĳ̶ȡ
һΣԪȻķ˺ܴ֮ڣԪ֮లˣ
֮Ԫ濪ʼñڤΧſʼתתһȦһȦֱѾӱڤĴڣա
ڻԪĦȭƣ׼һ׾ʱͻȻϵͳʾ
ĴŲѾʽΪǬŲƣǷ鿴
õǬŲƵĿϲ˻ԪԺٴ˿ƱڤһСģڤֻ׶ľˡ
֪ٴ໥ɣڤٴαΡ
Ԫ沢ģԼѾҵڤķţһΣܰʱ֮ھͿʱٴγԡ
ţֻҪԼŬڤ
ֻ£ҪԼǬŲƣһ̶ȡ
ʮСʱȥˣԪ⣬ѯʻԪǷʲô鷢
Ԫ˻ش£ԪͷȻ󻺲ǰߣߵԺʱ򣬻Ԫͻ۵˶Լڿ
Ԫ΢Цһ£ͻȻʩչǬŲƣ˲ʹԺ뵽ڣһڵ档
Ԫ˸оǰһûô¶ǶһŷԺڵķɾȻӰ
۵̰γ˱УԪҲγ¹⽣ںɣҪѰҡ
ԪʱЦͽǣΪʦ
Ԫ˾ĻͷŷַڵЦؿǡ
ʦ㡭⡭ô£
ԪЦصģΪʦֻһŹ԰ˡ
ۣʦ¹ˣʦʲôʱ򽻽ѽ
Ԫڽ̵аţඥ󷨲ܹඥͬԹඥһ书ֻҪԼġ
ʺϹඥ书ֻΪֻԪϰ˶ġ
ʺϴڸԪͻ۵Ԫаš
ţԪͻȻٴʩչǬŲƣ˲ִԺ롣
Ԫ˿ԪԺʱܵ˷
ȥԪֵҡ
ûĸоûԪˬ
ԼǵˣԼĻԪͻ۵ֻѾʬ塣
һΣʵˡ


446 ˲Σ
õǬŲ֮󣬻Ԫר־о˰գǬŲо˸ͨ͸
˲ƶʮɣ̾ŲҲǷǳõġ
֮⣬˲ߣתͬʱٴŲƵ˲ı任ȷʵ˷ʤ
ǬŲоˣԪһεĳڤ
Ѿʮһ¶ʮˡ
ʮһ¶ʮգϵͳ齱ʱǸʱ򣬻Ԫϣܳȡһĵ书Ӧɽһս
ʱڣԪȡڤȻܷǴ󷨻߻󷨵һ֡
ǴһգҪڵɾֻͣҪԪڤгɣôǴ󷨾пҪ츳ġ
Ȼڤֻ˲ʱΪʮ٣ע˻ԪٶȲͬˡ
Ժ󣬻ԪٴγԽ໥
ϴʧ֮ڣһλԪһξͽ׾롣
Ȼǻͼ໥ɣǻԪȫעԲٴ໥ɵƴѹơ
ķ˴ԼʱӦ˶Է֮Ĵڡ
˷֮󣬻Ԫ濪ʼ˲߲ݵĳԽӽ
ķʱల¡
ķʱ֮ڣ֮μ
ӽ֮ڵʱһСٴʧܡ
ķʮٴؿٴνӽһֺķʱలˡ
ʮһ¶ʮհԪӽһ֮ڡ
Ǽʮ֣ʮֵĿ֮ԽԽԣ˴໥Ԫ澭һδεʧܣһδεٴγԡ
ҲǻԪʮļȻظʧٳԵḶ́ܽ˸ĥ衣
ʮһ¶ʮյ磬Ԫڶʮ֮ӶԷڣ໥
ʮյİʮ֮ʧܡ
ʮ峿幫֮ڳɹ
̶ȣѾﵽ˻ԪҪ󣬵ǻԪ滹Ҫĳԣһ𣬻໥
Ϊֻдﵽ̶ȣԪܷĵڹ棬ʹԼƣҲ໥ɡ
һһֱ˶ʮյ磬ʮεʧܣûɡ
ԪѾһ֮ڲ໥ɣһϣǰ಻ס໥
Ԫ쳣ļͣѾһͲ׷ʧܾ
ڤѾΪѸ٣һӣµͻ֣Ȼٴεȥӽš
һΣԪȫУ𣬿ʼñڤ
Ŀ֮£ڤϸһ
һ£ȥһ㣬ոҪɣͱԪֹһ£ȻƱڤٴ
ո춯ֱԪֹȻٴ
ô䷳ģһδεĳԣһδε
ʮһ¶ʮյ磬ƺΪڱڤ޶ˡ
ϲĻԪֿһ˿ӽڤٴοʼȤ̽Ϊ
ϾڤһαȽ˳һʱڤҲ޶ԡ
̶ȣԪͿʼһ໥һ
һ飬һûʧܣ˶ʮӣȫһ𣬻ల¡
̶ȣԪѾɹ˴롣
ԭԪﻹһ뷨ҪԽڤںϵ֮УǾ˶ε飬Ԫ淢֣֮䲻໥ѾǼˣҪںϣûпܵġ
ͯӹ澭񹦣ڹķҲΪԲںϵġ
ڤ񹦲ͬڤͬڤ֮ģǿͬԲŻǴ󷨺ͻӦ
ڤ񹦵ԣӦƫԵģܺںϡ
ԻԪ波޹ʱ˵ͷ
ȻԪ뽫ڤ񹦵ǿ󣬵ûǸʱˣֻһ
һ˿ıڤ󣬻Ԫ͵һѽԿס
Կ׵ãǴǴ󷨻߻󷨵ı⣬Ӷѧϰһ񹦡
ֻҪñڤ񹦣յϣͱڤ޹ء
ϾǴ󷨺ͻѧֻҪԼ㹻Ϳá
లˣԪĽԿ׵ˣ̾Ϳʼıڤ񹦵ؼȥоǴ󷨵Ĳ֡
ڶľѧ󷨣Ԫ滹ϲǴ󷨣ΪѧһЩ벻Ч
ǾոҪоʱͻȻԪؿһ
Ԫֹ̾ͣΪͻԪԼˣײԼµĻһ̫ͻأڴŵԼ
Ԫ˵
Ԫ˽ԻԪʦŵʱһŮӣԶʦֶһţתȻŮӾˡԶʦֶѾ˹ҪҪ
ŶʲôһŮӣ
Զʦֶ˵һĿͨŮӣڵʵ˵ĺ󡣡
ĺ󣿡
ԪͷɻĺǰĽҲĺΪʲôԼأ
ӹ˻ԪżʾԪ뿪
ŷëдžС֣һ䷽
һּӦǳŮ˵ֱʣĽֻԪǼģӦòдġ
żԪһԭĽʦдš
żֻļ֣겡Σһۡ
Ԫʱˣе䵽˵϶֪
Ľ꣬ԼͬȹٵŮӣԼˣǸƤɰСǸΪԼڷǰԸȡԼŮôܲΣأ
ںһĻĻĶӵԪһĽʹ
ˣ
Ľ۵ëһëˣ
ǣôʱ䶼ûƺ
УҪȥĺ
Ѿʮһ¶ʮߵˣһʮһ³齱ˣǻԪȲˣ齱·ϽУǾԲܵˣҲԼȥˣҲĽˡ
ȻԼӦҪȥɽĪаºĽԵ΢ˡ
ҴҵѰҳһЩ󻹵СҩŵȻԪţԻԪͻ۵ǺŻҳȥм¡
ͻȻͣǵһʦ塭ˣˣˡ
һǰɽģʱѾˣԪɴҲˣкӥһԾ˽ӥıն
꣬һҪסˣ


447 ֮еĳȡ
ӥɳ֮ɫǽӥǿڰӰ죬ֱĺķȥ
ԪõĽ겡ΣϢʱ򣬾Ѿǽҹˣ뿪ʼ齱ʱѾˣֻΪĽԪ治ò뿪¡
ӥոոշûһʱѾҹԪڵϵͳʾ
ʮһ³齱ʱ䵽Ƿгȡ
˵ʵԪڲûж齱ΪĽΣڵϦԪ˼Ҳڳ齱档
վǴҲˣһʱҲ̼Ľ̫꣬ļ޼£пܻ¡
ҹĺ紵ûԪͷһЩ
ţ¼޿ҽεĲֻûҶ԰취ˣԼϵͳУͲ޷ҽĽꡣ
ڽӥıϣýӥȫУԪǽעеϵͳ齱档
ѡ˿ʼȡϵͳת̹â
ʮͼԪһһ鿴
ƳȡΤӵͰ֮⣬ʣĶǹ̶ˡ
͵ԺԺĦý
˽ƣԪĿɨѡͻȻĿͣ
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һмѧĳ֣ϵͳƷı仯Ӵ˳ѧ
ͼѧҲСǻԪ滹ǽĿ䵽мѧ棬ϾԼ˵߼ѧ壬ֻи߼ѧơ
мѧֻһŶѣܹȡĻ᲻ر
һԪ潫Ŀ䵽˲ľ档
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ǽգҲûб仯
þǶþͭþ͹þ˫԰þķþþ
ѧһѧԪûпֱӽĿ䵽мѧ档
мѧٴγִĦһǰ޺񹦡
ĦûԪһԼǰɽĻʹһŽôƾû˻ỳԼˡ
޺мڹڻԪôǺܴ󣬿Ժԡ
һǸ߼ѧղϰ벿֡
ûʲô̫ĽƷǻԪ滹ϸоһ¡
оһԪ淢ֵ֣֣һмѧһ㣬һǽղ塣
мѧͽղ࣬ȡκһǵڶһ߼ѧ
ʵüֵܴǧ׵İ뾶ڣԼʹһܿ˵κλ൱СΧǧﴫˡ
ǾôȡᣬԪҲ޷ȷûǲ󽱱Ƚϻ㡣
˵ԪѾ߰˴εĳ齱ûлùˣϾⶫҲôŪģԼļҲǺܾȷʮεа˴γȡ
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ϵͳ˳ȥת˼Ȧ֮󣬵һƷˡ
Ԫһƣ
Ѿֺܶˣڳ鵽ԪҲǸо
ȡƣǷʹöĲܣ

Ԫ沢÷ĲһҪţٳȡԺ󣬽ƵĴͻȡˡ
Ҳ֪ȡһԺϵͳᷢʲô仯
ŻԪ˵һĲڶϵͳ˳ȥ
ת˼Ȧͣ䵽һ棬ת֡
תҲֹܶΣ鵽ˡ
ϵͳʾ𣺡ȡ˷ת֣ǷʹöĲܣ
Ԫһ£תֵļֵǺܴĲҲԣһĲмѧ׬ˡ
Ĳ
ϵͳâʼ˸һͣ
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ŵͼѧԺϲΪһмѧ
Ԫ漱æȥ鿴мѧһȻмѧҲǿԺϳɵģмԺϳΪһŸ߼ѧ
һλмѧʱ򣬻Ԫ鼤ûϸԭмҩȻܺϳɸ߼ģ
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Ԫ治Щڣ֪ĻһмѧҲʹˣŻܵԺ󣬾ͿԽһ߼ѧˣ
ԭгѧĴڣ֪Լﵽһʲô̶ȣ
ﵽһʲô̶ȣ
Ѿһεָ֪ܼܲԵĻָһʲôأ
һжûԪޱȵڴмѧôŪһŵͼѧ൱һŸ߼ѧľŷ֮һ
ŰɣԪⲻʹŵͼѧһҪȵм֮һ߼ѧ
Ԫħ̵ǰνĽ㡢Ҷ룬ĪаһҪһǿѧѧĻҲǳѧˡ
ѪӰ񹦺ͻѪħӦҲǳѧȻƾŹ򣬾ݺ£޵С
ﻳŶڳѧԪһγ齱ٴνĿ䵽ϵͳת档
ϵͳһγ˳ȥ
ԪεõǰΣһûеõãǳѧҲֻʱ˵ڻԪʵûʵԵİ
ֻǲ֪һεĳ齱᲻õһȽʵõġ
ڻԪصȴ֮Уһڻͣ
ԪһһһϲŶ


448 ĽĲ
һڳˣԪһǴĦ
ȻûеõԼҪûмѧû㣬Ҳûнղ壬Ħò˵ҲǷǳʵõġ
Ԫ浽ĿǰΪֹѧһֶζϵĹ򣬶ûʲôо
е棬õɾǽˣռѧ
ֵĽ٣ֻдĦһ֦㡣
Ԫ֮ǰȡһȪһѾΪԼὣȪ񻹷ڷԺ治ʹù
ڳȡ˴ĦԪڿԽȪóˡ
ȡ֮ϵͳʾȡĦǷʹöĲܣ
һ˵һζĲˣԪеڶζĲղŷתֵĶĲɹˣĦʧܵĿԾͺܴ

Ȼнղ壬ǻԪ治ðˣɴķ˶Ĳ
֮ϵͳٴʾʮһ³齱
ϵͳת̹âȡˡ
Ԫ潫ת֡ѧϵͳ֮ڣûȡǵĦȡ˳
ڽӥҲ£ԪֱӾͽĦѧϰˡ
мѧѧĲǺһʱѾѧϰϡ
Ժȫ˴ĦǻԪ޽ҲܳԣֻǽĦص֮ڸӡ
ĺ󲢲ĺǣȻ򣬵Ҳλ
ʱǶڵ֪ûôϸຣƣþڵصˣΪຣǺ
ĺ󣬾λຣ֮еС֮ϡ
Сɽ¥ɽ̲죬ຣһ޼ʣзӿͬһ㡣
ĺһȫŮӣʵرǿƾƣҲ
ԪӺϵຣ벢رԶԦӥʱɫʱѾຣϿա
Ȼûĺ󣬵ƾӥǿĿһѾҵλںĵС
ýӥ͸߶ȣһ·ֱС֮ϡ
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ɫûһЩŮԶԶؿһֻ޴ӥ׷׾гﵽ쾳Ůӷ
Ԫջ䣬ͽԷĹΣ˴ӽӥһԾ¡
˭
ŮǸʧɫе书̫ˣͶ֮ͻǵĹԶԶֵܵġ
еŮӾʹʦʦ㣡еˣ
ԪҲûֹǵؽкҲ˵ǰӺ˵
Ůӳֽ䱸ţһһһµŮӴһԾ˳
Ԫһʶī
īǳֽڳһǻԪ棬ȵصɣôˣ
Ԫīʩīþòˡ
īæ񣬽žͻͷʦʦֵһ䷽ˡ
Ӱܿ죬
Ԫ濴ﰵ̾ⰲͰһĸ˫Ҳһģһ˫̥ûټ̶ȣǲࡣ
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Ԫͷ˰ķ䡣
ܴ󣬹˼֮󣬻ԪŵһŨŨҩζ
һſںīǰƿţԪ롣
Ľķˣڸɾţڻһ壬ֻ񴰻գҲˡ
Ĵϣɫ֮£һ˲ţԿߣſڣһͷڷ޹شһƺĸо
˴ǰīغ꣬꣡
ϵһīʱ۾ͺˣͷ԰ʦûѡ
̾ϢһҲ鱯ݡ
ԪʱΪʲôĽݹᵽ̶ȣ
īԻԪ˵ʲôȴڰ֣ȳȥɣΪʦлһ䷽˵
ǣʦ
īת뿪شš
Ԫ£ȻģһӺݻԺ󣬾ʱʱĿʹһֱ޷ơ
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ԽԵΣҡ
㣿Ԫһ£غһΪʲôҪ
û뺦Ǵڳʱ㡭ȥ԰СʱóȻ㣬겻㵲һǸ棬ҸոƵ黨֮Ժ濴İɫ䡣
黨
黨ֻԳЧһĹЧǲܶ飬Խ飬ԽʹΪ㶯飬ԲʹֹµѾ޷ˡ
ԪԽԽ԰ʱƶɮһΪƶɮû£Ϊʲôʱֲ˵
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ԪһԼų齱ʱ򣬿ǼǾݣԼ֪ǶǸʲôģҲûȥȡû뵽ȻǿĽҩ
ʱԪЩںޣôôأ
˵ֲ겻㶯飬ôҲƽµģƫƫѾͷԽԽʹһδεķһαһµ񣬶Ѿȫֻǻ˶ˡ
Ԫ滺ر۾԰һƵϣû𣿡
̾ϢҲȫûУһҵ黨ľݣƳҩԺԻ⻨ǲѾˣϲеڶˡ
𣿡
зþߵַҲα겻αӻˡ
Ԫ΢΢ͷ԰ƶɮ뵥꣬ȳȥһ°ɡ
Σͷ뿪ߵſڵʱƺ˵Щʲôȴû˵
ԪûȥĽĴߣȥ
ޱȵ㲣ɫ԰ֽ۵ĺ촽һѪɫĶûУĽëҲ޾ɵĴţ΢Ķţ֤һ
ԪߣĽһַֻ֣ϸһ£΢ƺʱֹͣһ
Ԫ沢ƾоҲ֪Ľ΢ڱʹĥѾƣ˼ʳʼ
ԪͷԻеĽ꣬㲻صģʦ˵ˣַ㣬ݣһŪҲУһģ


449 Ǵ
ԪͼԼĽڵʱȴһ⣬ĽԶػľȻֿ
ͻԪ˵԰ĽأĽȻȰ˵ø⡣
˵Ľѵʱ򣬿Ѿǻ״̬ûʲô޴ҩӰ죬Ѳˡ
ĽĹߣڻֻһԲǾڻԪ΢ȴΪʶѣʵıԼˡ
ʶļ֣Ԫüͷ
ĽʶôԼأԪ볢һ£ٶֵľ澭ǷܽڵĶس׵ȥ
²ܳԼʱӻȻȴȡݣҲһϣ
ѣЩ鷳ˡ
ٴγһ£ǲУԪ治ܲȡǿֶΣĽ̫ʱǿľ»ᵼ
˼ûкð취Ԫֽ˽˵ˡ
Ҳû뵽Ϊʹصһûˡ
˵Ժ󣬰۽ǶЩʪ󣬡ӣϲһˣͻϲûˣⶼңҡ
ڴĽ֣ˮͽס
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Ԫ濴źˮ˺ĽദһĻĻ
˻һҪʹ˵㣬ȷʵвʡ
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Ԫһһľɣûзϣ˼ܽĽ
һϮҼƬϡϡĻҶƮѾҶˡ
һƬҶڻԪǰ£Ʈ˼£ƺҪ䵽˻Ԫϡ
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ͻȻһתҶ͵ƮһߣʲôͻȻ˹ȥһ
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﷢һ󣬻ԪͻȻ͵һ
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աǴ󷨣ڤ񹦣
뵽һ֮󣬻ԪͻȻޱȸлԼȼ֮ҿǰ˱ڤ񹦣ұڤҲԼˣڤ񹦵ԣ˵Ϊá
ֻԼڵıڤֻ΢һ˿²Ľ
ʱԼǴ󷨾ͺˡ
ͨĹؼڣԪְ̾취һ̾ʹĽ귵֣ȻԼʮ٣ٵڤ񹦣ʱñڤĽ
ڶ־ԼܺܿǴ󷨵ؾȻĽͳͳ
Ԫ滹ǱȽڶ֣ΪĽֵĻ̫ԼʱҲ̫˵;ͻʲô⡣
ŬǴ󷨱ȽϺãͿԼܲڶʱǴ󷨵С
뵽Ԫó˱ڤ񹦵ؼǴ󷨵Ĳ֡
Ԫ֪ԽʱԽ𣬲ܱ˴ţʹĽĲ飬ʱҲܶ룬ҪľȻ޷ɹġ
ɴҵС֮һƧĵطҲû֪ͨκˣôʼһνĿޡ
ٴʱ顭ڤ񹦣ͬ嫱ڤ֮޲գ޲ɻ⣬Ǵ󷨣Ǳڤһ죬յ˵ΪãǱڤ񹦵һֶΣͻ֮ͬ
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ĬĬתھСңңһץ
С˿
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˿ڤԪ濪ʼڶγԡ
һ˿ıڤͬһԿףǴǴ󷨴ŵĹؼڣû˿ԪԶ޷Ǵ󷨡
ǼʹԿ֣ҲôģһŸ߼ѧûôգԵ˲³ֻۣ¶޷ǰһ
Ԫ㲻ţ׽֮󣬾ҲǴţܲȫƾ컯ˡ
ĳ˶ΣԪ涼ûгɹʱȴѾȥ˴졣
ʱҲ⣬ܿٵȶĽԪ滹ǰɽһĪаõõڶöʥء
оԼʲôطòãԪĬĬţźսĳ档
誾ѧǴ󷨣ڤ񹦣ԼǴһɣҪ誵ġ
һ߻誵һĬĬǴ󷨵̡
ʼһжûдȻ۵ģؼĿھתţա
һξϸݣԪͻȻʶڣǾת档
ԼĲûдΪڤ̫ϡ٣Ҫ߶һмתʱ򣬳һ˿ͣʱԭˮĹ̾ͱˣҲȻ޷ȡκζˡ
뵽ĹؼڣԪȴ޷ҵķ
ڱڤ΢޷ͷǴ󷨣תԺмνȴ⣬޷á
ͱڤתϴﵽ̶أ
Ϊٳ޷ҵİ취Ԫ涼룬Լܽڤ񹦺ͯӹ澭ڹϳͺˣ滻˵ɴľͷ񹦡
мڹķھͯӹǿ֮󣬻Ԫ潥ظоˣЩȵļˡ
ȡһ񹦴ﵽڣάһʱ䣬ǵͯӹҲﵽڵʱ񹦾ˡ
ڵ񹦻ֻǺԲʵԣ缰滻񹦣ɸ߼ڹıڤԼİɾʹˡ
ǣڤ񹦲ǷķҲϵͳҪԼ
ҪǣڤԵĹȲ˵ܲ澭ͯӹںϣʹںˣԼҲˣҪС
뱱ڤЧǴ󷨺ͻ󷨣ԪЦһ취


450 ɱ
Ԫñڤ񹦴񹦵ͷ֮ϵͳʾͻȻԺ
ڤ񹦲ڷѧ滻񹦣ҪͷǷȷ滻
Ԫһ£ϵͳʲôʱôˣԼֻ뷨ȻԼǷȷ滻ˣ
ȻͷǻԪ滹Ҫȷһס
ڤ񹦴ͷûʲô˵ģϾҲǺԲԼʴʮ٣ͷڤ񹦣Ҳ¾ܴﵽԲľˡ
Ϊʮļ֮£¾൱ǰͣ࣬һ㶼š
Ҫ׽Чֻ൱ǰˣ˵¾ԲԪ滹Ǳعء
ֻ쾳֮ġ
룬Ԫñڤ滻񹦣ǷͯӹԼ澭ںϣ
滻ںϡ
ܲڹںϵһأ
Ԫ¶һ䡣
һϵͳ޷
ϵͳĻԪȷҪڹںǸܵˣҪںϣϵͳ԰滻񹦡
ԼĻôڤ񹦺ͯӹԼںϻǲģԼֲˣںһ
ϵͳ£һûˡ
Ψһȱ㣬ǱڤҪͷԼĿǰʵһССġ
ûĻشϵͳ⣬Ԫ˼һ
һѵľ
ڤ񹦴ӳԶ϶ǱҪģһںϣûԪ
ͬʱԵֻ¼仹ûеڶˣһںϣǻʲôЧԪҲ˵
ҲǱⲻ˵ģ񹦣齱鵽ԺֱӾܴﵽڣԼʵͻͽ
ǹ壬¾ûˣĽ껹ȴԼȥȡ
һ뵽ĽûԪᶨ˾ģֱӵԸñڤ񹦡
õ˻Ԫȷϣϵͳһâ˸Ԫ۾ˣֻǱ۾оڷ츲صı仯
ûйĸо񹦵ڷٵţƬ̣ڵ񹦾Ѿʧ
Ŵһ׶ֱˮһһһԲȫʧĺ
оʧԪһֿĸоǹ⻹ǵһθо˲ζ治ܡ
񹦵ȫʧԺ󣬱ڤ񹦵ںϽʣӦýж֮С
ڱڤֿ֮Խˡ
ԣһΣӦý
ֻıڤӴ֮УȻûвһ˿
ֻǸտʼʱͯӹ;澭ɵĴ¯һ˿ĲӦͺˣˮĳУȫںϡ
ϵͳ⼸ǲ飬ԪˣֽȻ෴ںϡ
ӴԺ󣬻ԪͼһǾǲҪͯӹͬʱҪڤ񹦣Ȼʮ٣ҲҪ˵˫ҶǺĸ߼ڹ
ҿ澭ҪȻǲ֪ʱܰͷ
ԺɣԪڹעص㲻עģԼǴ󷨾ܲɡ
ȫµںϣһ壬ת֮͵ˣԪٴγ԰ձڤǴ󷨵ʼоһ߼ѧ
Ŀ껹ǰСݣ˹ƣ΢΢һץջأ
ۣ
һž޴鱻Ԫ͵ץ˻һ׷ԲϴһţԪ⧲һץ
˾޴һԪǼԺ̾ķѵıѿ
û׼Ԫ滹һ˲Ūı·涼˲һͱ棡
ޣޣ
Ԫһ±ƴĶ·ƴ£̫ǱˣԼŪģҿûб˿
ǷݿϲҲѹֲסģԪ漤Գ֡
Ǵ󷨣ʧ񹦣ȡĿǰ΢ıڤ񹦣һжֵˣǴ󷨡
ֻҪ໨һЩ򣬱ڤҲ˺ڣһǱǿĴڣ
ֻµǴõĻ죬Լ͹һξֵͣԼôǱ
ҪúõϤһ£Ǵ󷨵ĿƼϰ΢ĵزһУսʱ򽫶Լ𵽺ܴİ
⣬Ԫ沢û̻ȥҽĽ꣬ðʧĻȥܾˣ㲻ûẦˡ
һλԪϰĿǶɽʯЩССʯΪϰǴ׼ġ
ԴһЩץסʲôʯСһЩץסʲôʯԪһһ飬䷳Ŀʼԡ
峿ƻ裬һֱҹ䣬Ԫչ
ǧٱĳԣԪȷţѾܹǴõ¯ˣÿһööȣﵽʲôЧÿһ˿ÿһޱȾȷˣɹ
̶ȣԪԼѾȥĽˡ
ôһʱ䣬Ľ껹Ǽֵסġ
ĺ֮ڣīĽĴǰѾ޵Ĳӡ
ʦϢԽԽ΢ˣôѽǲǾҪˣ
Ҳ˫Ŀ᣺ܹһأҲ⺢ӡ
ôôأǸͥոհǸǻصĺ󣬼ÿ춼ʹڸǲĥˣǲƽ
ԱߵһЩĽʦҲͷһĻǻ̫пЩ
Ⱞ֮˶еģԽöԽ٣˸ˡ
ĺɣһĵ棬ƯĽȴڽûʲô
ͺħ̵ȻħʥŮӦһ󻵵ͬҲûκεĻ
õĶʧȥˣͻϧۡ
ǳªģѿģµˣٱ˲ϼţһ࣬Ҳжġ
ûܽʧȥĽꡣ
īŵʦ㲻˵µһ䷽һڴ漣Ϊʲôʱˣڲأ
һ£ǻҡͷģӦáӦһˡ
ʱī̫ˣײ˰һ䣺ֲ˽ô֪һأ
ʱ˫⣺ȻҲ˽ǡͨľٶУܸоǷǳҲǳģˣһ㣬ҿ϶һˣ˵ĻҲд
Ļû˵꣬Ȼ󣬵ܼ֪Ԫʲôһ


451 
Ԫ漱ҴҸϻĽ귿ʱ򣬼ĺ˶ۼˡ
Ϊ϶û漣ĻĽ겻ֵܼˡ
ԪŶ룬˵Ŀⶼ䵽ϡ
Ҷû뵽лܻ˰
Ŀ䵽˻Ԫϣû˵ȴϣĹʡ
ԪһȺŮӵλŮʩƶɮҪĽݹܱ˴Դţλ뿪ɡ
˻ԪĻЩŮӻЩţĽ궼ˣܾȵĹ
˿Ԫ棬Χĵǵȥɣʱֻһ䷽ˡ
ȻЩŮӶڻԪɣǰ˵ˣҲҲпƺڵӣ϶µġ
뿪˷䣬ΨīЩСŤЩĲĽ꣬Ҳ˳ȥ
ŵʱ򣬿˻Ԫ棺ɣа𣿡
Ԫ濴ŰŮӺԼİý㳤ʵ̫ԵʱȻͻһ˿УڵһЩľˡ
һڣʶЩԡ
Ҳһ£û뵽ԪȻԼ㣬ƺǲ̫ǡ
ʱ򣬰Ҳȥʲô΢ЩǣЩ뿪Ľķ䡣
Ԫﰵʧܣղһ˲Ѱɰˡ
صĽĴߣԪ̽һĽȻıϢоԽԽ΢ˡ
û⣬Ľܾܿͻһ֮뿪䡣
ʱ䲻ˣԪ˲ֱӽĽ
ĽϣűЩֱԪɴĽԼĻȻ˫סĽǰѨС
סǰҪĽסСҪóյĽڵй
תעĽؿڡ
壬ʵɵԾˣһڶڻԪĹעΧڣҪֵĽ걾
СؿܹͣҲ˺Ľ壬ҲܱˣԪʱںγһСС֡
ʱֱ̣ӰĽĵС֮ϣǴ˲ʩչ˳
ؿڴ֣Щʱ̺˿ǡ
ǴڻԪĿ£΢պܿļӴȣĽ̺ˮԪӿȥ
һ̣Ԫܵ˱ڤ񹦵ĺôǾɺͬ
ԭڤ񹦵ֻǿã˵ΪԼá
ֻ˵ж٣Լܻö٣һԲ˵ȫᴿɣԪʵܹõģҲǴԼʮ֮һ
ǼʹˣĽע˻ԪڣҲһ˿ľǱڤ񹦵ڷٵš
ʼֻһ˿ıڤһεգȻﵽ˺ڵٽ㣬ͻƵˡ
ۿͻƵˣͻȻԪоĽڲĿڵĵֿҲʧˡ
Ԫ˵Ǹʲôζ
ĽĹʧˣԼþˣͬʱҲһԲһͨˡ
һϰ˵ʧȥһΪʹ顣
ȻĽֻǱȫԺ󻹿ǻжĳɾǺˡ
ԪҲܲ࣬ĽţԺԼԼඥôҲ쾳硣
չĽԪ濪ʼоǼ޴ڵ黨֮
ĽΨһûбռĵطˣһģͳûˡ
ԪסĽȻЩѾԵֵĶһһ˳ȥ
ػסͿʱӻĽ겻ǲ֪һйԼֶ೤ʱ䡣
Ķ֮󣬻ԪͿʼעĽڶصС
ϸع۲˴ҹԪóһŵĽۣԼһεĻŰ֮ڣؾ޷ٴε֮Ͳ˵ˡ
ó֮󣬻ԪҲǳһһֻҪ¸ĽһΣİȫûʲôˡ
Ϊ˰ȫԪɴ໨˴ʼٴڵĶأǲ޷ĽΧҲܽӽ
ΪĽ겻ҪԪ滹ϣѹ
ֶֻصĶ̫ԵԪҲǿֻȴ
ͬ˵볹׵ƺĽ꣬Ҫݡ
ͷ󺹵æһҹԪ潫Ľ󲿷ֵĶضԶԶģһ֮ڲд⡣
һֱʮһʮ峿Ԫйϡ
ٿĽ꣬һ˿΢΢ĺɫ󣬺Ҳƽ˲٣ǻû˿ļ
ԪϣĽڿѶȺܴˡ
鵽ƺʱôˣԪ汾㽫ĽֵģǴֵĻҲֻǽ޲չˡ
һɽ˾ҪصɽˣĽһԲѵŮӣҲȷʵʣĺɡ
ĽƽȣԪоһжֵˣٴη£Ȼ뿪ķ䡣
һţŷְɴſڣĿûн࣬ʲô顣
ֱԪһŴӻԪԺ̵ɣôˣ껹о𣿡
Ԫ˵ͷʱûˣڻȹʮңƶɮĺҪ׽κã밲ġ
һسڣȥĽˡ
ԪǶ뿪˷䣬Ѿʮһʮˣʮ³һǺĪаԼõȥħ̵ӣԼץʱˡ
ΪԪ滹Ҫ£ҪȥһһȥɽҪȥö
ѧ˴ĦԪҪȪҪƤߣȥɽĻַɵǰȥ
ĽתϢܿ촫ĺһЩŮӶȥ
һĻԪ£׼뿪ˡ
ͻȻĽķ˻Ԫߣһֹģ
ƶɮҪ뿪ˣ㻹ʲô𣿡
ԥһ£Ȼŵһ䷽ɣڽҲǺеλˣҲǴɣĺܹȵģһ顣
ֻԡ
ҴһаĽ˵䡣
Ԫһ£֣ǰĪаѽ
򣬻Ԫ˵ͷڵġ
˵ͣԪεЦһ£ƶɮˡ
ҲЦˣһ䷽鲻Խؽҽ㣬ĪнܵԵ𣿡
顭˭֪أƶɮˡ
Ԫ治˼£кһӥڰȵĿ֮УһԾֱʡ


452 ٵʥ
Ԫ淵µʱ򣬾ʮѾֻһҹʱˡ
ȥ֮󣬻ԪǴǸߵƤߡ
ΪΪȻǲ˹ʥʹߣô϶Ҫһͷ̫˲ѹ
һ׼ҵĺۣȪٷһԪһվӣԼ̲סЦ
ϾȻһ̣һɱڵĸоԼ֮ǰĸɮֱǸ롣
·Ԫͽһ˹
һԪķԺ֮󣬿Ԫ֣ҿԪ漴ʹȡűͬС
Ԫ潫ҪȥɽһƽȻҪע顣
Ȳ໥ƺʦ֡ƶɮʲôģһҪһ֣ʲô֣ȼĪаԺ˵
ǰɽһû飬˵ˣհˡ
һƲԪ棬񽣻ûڽϳֹʩչҲûܿ
ڸһƻױͼ򵥶ˣֻҪһٷϣһ̾ͻΪһͷڽҲûô¶棬ûϵس
˻ױϣԪֽԪһֵ飬Ȼ󽫽ӥ֮ٻ׼뿪¡
ʱ򣬻Ԫʶһ⣬ǽӥıʵǲЩѡ
ǰЩŮӳӥû⣬ܣѹһͷһ˭˭޷ܵ顣
˼֮£ֻվ˽ӥıϡ
Ƕһ·վɽҲ󣬶Ĺ֮е缴ɡ
һЩɣ˭ûŮԸء
ӥŶգֱɽȥ
ֵɽ·;ӥ˴ҹɫʱ򣬲λɽħ̳ǰɽ
ĪаԼĵطħ̵ɽڣԪһƴӽӥԺ첲̧ȶ滺һ³վЩӲ壬ĴȥΧûˡ
ѵĪаûеӦãǰü뿪ˣʱӦûˡ
һѾ˳⣬ԪȴĽʱͻȻԶԶһʯ棬һӰ̽ͷ̽Ե߹ۿ
ʲôˣ
Ԫһ۷˴ˣǸ˿ˣתܡ
Ԫ汾ҪţͻȻ뵽ԼѾˣԷɵĿ֣ɴЦһϷǰӣ㣡
һ죬ǴʩչֱǸˡ
ԪҲǳǿˣڶľ澭ͿһڣټڵͯӹʹеȵҲˡ
Ǹ˲һڣֿ˻ԪǴ󷨣վͱԪ˹һֱɵ˾ԪԶĵطԪջع˵ڵء
һĻһƶȣ˼ؿŻԪ棬ʲôʱɻĹˣ
û뵽ԪֻΪĳħŵû겻壬ͷҾصǰǰ
ԪߣʹǲɫʱҲ˰̶һһģ΢΢һЦҲЦ
ٺ٣СǺˣʲôٴʵȻݹϷ˸ɶ
ǰСֻʥ̵һСӡСֻˣûп̽ǰ˼ѽ˿ֲϹŵ˫ȴֲˡ
ȴˣ
ҡڵȴһС
Ԫ̾ˣб䣬Īаŵˡ
Īаģ
ǣǰǰô֪ģ
ϷǺеʦʲô飬ͶϷ򽲰ɡ
Ȼɣǿͷ˿£ҲԻԪĪСģһУҸб䣬ʥڶ࣬ĪıƻĵǱʥ̣ǿˣǸԺҲĵؽʥ̣ʥ̺ɽĴѩȥ
˵Ż˽˻Ԫһŵͼ
Ԫӹͼһɽħ̵ϸͼδ۸ӣħ̵һѩȣ滹׼һԲ㣬Ҳ֪ʲôط
ħڵĵӣ
ǵģСľʥڴӡ
˿ڿƺħΪʥ̣Ԫ氵ԵͷֻˣӦħ̵ӣħ̵ӣǽʥ̡
Ϸ㣬ħڶһЩʲôֵ֣Īıƻ
ǰԴĪв֮ݷ̾ͿʼѰҰˣ񲻹ݷͲڽڣ誵Ҳ˲٣Ҳڽڡ⻹оڵĿľʦдȺիᣬڽڡ
ŶҲ𣿡
ڻԪӡɮ֮еɮᣬƺݷ˲·ݷǶسôˣҲûǹôһξأ
û뵽Ǹ˶˶٣񡭡ݷֵҲˣû˼ֻǴ˵ˣĪŸı⡣
ԪһЩͷѹĪаıˣԭħҲسˣһħڿνǸƼˣԭʮ£ȥѾʣ˶ħ֮ˡ
ԼĪаҲҪúÿǿˣǧҪûɣ󻹰ħ֮ڡ
ǻԪܸоЩԣЩħħ̣ƺô򵥵ģǿľкҲڣֵ˼ˡ
ѵΪ˵ĪавƺЩ˵ͨ
Щ˶ħ֮ڣĪаִǱ룬ѵǱȥܴĿģͲҪЩ
ЩˣĪа޷ƿħ̵ģһɻرܵʵ⡣
֪ĪаƺԼʲô顣
Ԫĵһͷתߣص£ˮˡ
ǻû˵Ǹ˾ͼĪ˵ˣǸеˣСĽһȻǺеʦôҲһġ
˵Ժ˴ӻͳһݸ˻Ԫ档
Ԫӹһǵڶöʥ
ﾪϲʥ˹ԪʵĪ˵ʲôˣ
Ī˵λʦҪħ̣ȥѩѰĪֻҪʦȥ³֮Īл񡭡еöʥ͸ʦ
ʥ
ǵģ˵ˣڶöʥеһöʥʵ͵öʥ֮໥ģöʥڣ̺һ书뽫书ߣôͱõöʥ˼ôҵġ
Ԫ˳˼֮УĪаĻпġ
Լõĵһöʥ̺ǴŲڶöʥҲһö̺ǳյṦ˵Ṧһ֡
öʥṦĻôһṦϵ
Ҳöʥȫ֣ܵõһṦṦ֪Ľ
ǻԪ滹ûǸ˵ħ̺ɽĴѩô¶
˼æѩһ޴ɽȣɽ廷ƣܴܴɽĵطˣСĴûнȥǽء
أ˵ԪԽظоεûôˡ


453 ѩ
ԪһٱʣǸ˵ѩȷʵǽأڵĵӶ룬ǰѩֻһ·ΧΪշ壬һʱѩ޷ʵǣṦҲȥôѩȶǺصġ
ѵǾûڴѩȵκ𣿡
룬ƺҲ˵ѩסŹĹΪ˷ֹЩԴѩȲųգý
˵ĻԪЩţϣӦʲôħֵĶѽôйأ
˻˵ԱһƵ֣Ҳ˵˵ɽѩ֮ڣо޴ޱȵĹˣͨѩףȺӣֻҲֻǶţ۵ü
һƵԪһģӡ˺һ֮գѵдĴ
˵Ԫϸѯ˹ɽħڵһЩ飬˶ûһһˡ
һҲʲʲôԪȥ
ߺһʻԪ棺ɣɽѩ֮У»Σš
Ԫ˵ͷƶɮ֪ΣգҾãѩһҪȥһˡ
ԽԽħֽԪо½֮ϻд·Щվɲ֣ǷζţֽҲԶأ
ԼϵͳɾͿԻףǲԼܳ׸⽭ʹˣߵҲͽǧ˿ƵϵܶǷǣܶĿġ
ԪãҲôһ죬ԼòһЩ˵еϣ䵽ʱֲھͿʼ׷Ѱ࣬Ϊδ׼
Īа֪ɽ֮Ѿкִ֣ܶǰѩȣɼһзǳҪ顣
öʥϵѧҲɵûԪ治Ķ
ԪȥѾһƵͷʲôʱ
Ԫ濴˿һƣҸıˣһȥ
һȥôУ
ԪһƵұӦĪаһͬǰȥģĪаԶһЩ飬ѩΣգǲһǰȥ֪ˣҺһǰаһЩأھͷ֣ȡһ֮ڳ
Ԫ˵ڣһ֮ڣҪȥҽĽ꣬һ֮ҲҪġ
һƻҪ⣬Ԫ˵ˣҪ֪ʹﵽڶ壬Ҳǲҵģģȥѩ֮ǰһô£ðʧľȥġ
Ԫ˵һ㣬һƷ޻˵ˣȷʵɵıһֱ˿͸ʱг֮٣һƵһֱҲΪɵı֮ϵġ
һƲٱ⣬ԪھͿԷˣ֮ӥҪңΪʱпһҪ뿪ɽ
ľͶԻȥɣýӥ÷Σյʱֲ
Ԫ˰֣ʱڲʲôΣյģҲħ̳һȥǸʱ򣬽ӥҲˡ
һǴӦˣӥˡ
Ԫ˵ʵħ̣ҪҸεĵطȽڶöʥṦˣһέɽ
һߺ󣬻ԪһεɽȣʩչṦ̤ѩ޺۵һζȻҵһѩѣм䡣
ԪҲη䣬úó˵ڶöʥ
֮ҪͷҪڶöʥԪΪ˷ֹڴѩΣյʱ򣬿ƾⳤյṦ
óʥ֮ϵͳʾ
ʥɽһέɽҪͣʮСʱǷʼ

Ԫѡ˽֮󣬾ͿʼƾϵͳԶŹ
һһҹԭﵽ˺ڶıڤ񹦣ȻͻƵ˺ڣǸ˻ԪһССľϲ
ȻڵڻԪ˵Ҳ㲻ʲôˣǶһʵܱٵĺá
Ԫ滹ûʹùڹ۲죬ԭǽɫһЩ仯ɫ֮Уһ˿˿ɫϢʣʱʱ֡
Ǳڤںھ澭ͯӹڵЧԼڣʢ˥ʲôʱڤ񹦴ﵽڶ壬ƾͺ;澭ĳƽˣͯӹȻҲڹǿĵƽкô
ڤͻƵûжãʮĸСʱˣϵͳҲһέɽʽɣΪ˻Ԫڴĳա
ɺ󣬻Ԫ۾̧ͷ˿գӥѾ·ɽԼͷϿ衣
ӥԪһ
ӥ̸£˾ԪͷԼʮɵĵطͻȻƽǰٶȺܿ졣
ʱ򣬻ԪҲѩһԾڿսʮɣֱֱĺͽӥǲŷ˳ȥ
գһԾɣһ˲䣬ԪĳٶȾȻȽӥͬʱԽ˰ɿռ䣡
Ԫ˷ܵ뻶ľṦǷĸо
ͺһɻ᲻ĸоģƾʩչṦͬһ㡣
Ψһȱ㣬ǺǬŲһĲС
͹ˣؼʱ̣һŲǳ·¼ֻԲܸԼһٶˡ
ͽӥһ£Ԫýӥˣһ׼ǰħ̳ˡ
ǰ
ħ̽ʥһ·ǴӸߵһֱߵġ
·߸ʮ֮󣬾͵һǰ
վ±߷ȥƺڣƣ·ס
һ̹ǵĺ·ӿǾĵһ
˸±߲Ŷ
վмˣ׷ԲԵߣ壬˫Ŀ磬һˣǻԪݷ硣
ݷ粢ģǺҽơ
󶼱һѹӵĳʶЩˣȥЩͷˡ
Ƕ˵ߣˡľСԼҲڡ
⻹ˣһһİ£һһĺ£׵ֽڵ罹̿һ˫۾ѪѪģſɥͺʹ˵еĺڰ޳ࡣ
ݷ翴˿ЩˣȻƵֵܣӿ϶ûɡ
룺ȻЩȴһ죬ѾһˣÿָͷӣΪһ̣ô
ݷ˵ͷȻǺڰ޳λʥ̣Ƕ׸ʲôˣһǾҪȥǰѩ֮УΣأǿˣ
ǰ޳һĹЦ˵Цˣֵܶ˴Ӷ˹ȸϵΪ£ǵ˰꣬Ǻγǵ˰꣬Ϊ˱Ѫħ˵Ĵ޶
ݷЦֶԲ˵֣ЩǷ
˵ͷַģЩһʮʵѡڣǰЩһʵѡҲҵˣһججĶʮ֪꣬Լ֮ϲ񣬴Ӧһڱ֮
ݷͷЩѡƶϢҲɱػ©δһ£ѩֻ¾ˡ


454 ħ
ݷĻЦ磬ˣأԽԽãǼ֤һ£ʥ̼˵ơ
һ£ƼΨһҪĵģҲĪаˣԴ˲˹ʥʹߣʵǴ㽫ˣռλᣬǰڣʹĪа˲˹ˣҲҪ޻أ
˵꣬ͷ˿ľкãλػʥ̣оΣ
ľпһۣ㲻ҲǺһոջصʥ̡
ҺǲͬΪʹһֱ⣬Ƕ
һɫŮˣһɮۣ֮ľûҪ׶ֵģ˵һƣҲ䳰ȷģΪѪħ˵ŻģǾߣضԡ
ʱԱߴŹλλԼˣαֵĲأҪ˼Һڰ޳ֵܿЦ
ڰ޳Ա߹Цݷǵ֮ĶԹֵܲܣһĴ֣߳϶Ҫ̳ʥ֮̽λģʱֻ˵
ݷͷǰǳʲô壬Ƕģһǵı֡
˵ݷٴο˿誣֣ô
һκͻԪսˣѪɫߣһ˶գǿصɽħ̳
ٴƣ誵ѾˣҲǿסˣǱ֮ȫʢʱȴɲһ˿Ҵ޽Ŀܡ
Щ棬誵ʵڵ׶ģڸˣݷЩģԲŶһ䡣
調Цһֲ̫ģһش󣬿һʱͺãĳҲ˺󣬻һٶˣҲˣҲ۴ҡ
ݷûֻ誵ļȻͷ˵ȻҶûˣͿʼȰɣЩص㣬Щ׼ȴѡӱ
˷׷׵ͷһǰߣ±ϡ
̫أĶ֪ӽ±ߣſ±ϣ˨׮֮ϡ
ݷ翴˿⺮ˣڰǰȥһΣҪȥˡ
˵ŻƵֵܣѩȾһЩΣյĶȥˣʵ㹻ǿҶһͬȥΪҿ·ɡ
ưȻЦԵˡ
ݷֶԲ˵֣Ķɶ׼ˣ
һ޴İģ׼ˣÿ˶ºƤ£վƣдӣȻȫ䣬Ƕ
ݷƵƵͷʾ⣬Ȼ˵Ƕȥ̸ϣǧҪ̫Զľ룬˵ʲôطͻΣգǸҲۼ֤ˣ򲻿ɴ⣬ṦҲ·
һΣڰ޳ڵ˶׷׵ͷɫء
ݷƽϺһץסһ±»ܿʧ濴ˡ
ǶȥԼ֮һ£ľкҲȥ
֮Ǻڰ޳ǲ˺誣¡
ʮµɽǣѩһһûͣЪʱ
Ԫҹɫһ·СǱħ̳֮ڡ
ǵʱȴȵط֣ħڵĽ䱸Ȼ˵ϡɡ
˵ħڸûн䱸ѩ֮УΨſԪ۲һҲܵС֮Ϣȥˡ
һ·ǰУħ̳֮ӰӶ
Ȼܶķ涼еƻҲЩ˾ûһġ
ԪöķڶںȾƻȭߺģȷʵ١
Ψһһοһ˳һ˵ģܳҴææĽ꣬Ȼ˻ȥͷҲ̧ΨֿΧʲôƵġ
Ԫʮֲ⣬Ϊħһ䱸ûأ
ΪѩɣĪаҪɱʱ
Ψһ˵ͨģǸͲƾ˳롣
ѵǾһ㶼Īа
Ԫ˼⣬µҲܵͷȥˡ
յͼϵʾԪһĵ󷽶ȥ
һԪͻȻоˡ
æԪһĵۿ
ֻԶĵطһȺ˼ҴҵظȥԼʮ˵ӡ
ǰģһһµ꣬ߣʮֽػţٴаעΧ
ħû˳ֹЩɻ󣬿ǰ
Ƕû˵ӻԪ߲Զĵط·ҲûзĻԪ档
Щǰȥķ򣬻ԪвһǾȻҲǰħ̳󷽣ĪаԼĵͼҲǰѩȵġ
ԪǰѩȣһֱǣϾóȻǰЩðʧЩҲǰѩȣ϶֪ʲôģǺ棬֪һЩء
⣬ԪĵظЩ˵һ·ħ󷽶ȥ
һ·֮ϣͨ裬Ԫ濴Զи˳֣ȺԺ󣬾Ȼ̾˻ȥһûԡ
ԽɻһֱԶԶظЩ˺棬˽ʥĺ󷽡
ҹķѩ֮У³֣Щ˵ĽŲҲ˴˻ӣڷѩǰУ𽥵ؿǴ±ߡ
±ߣһֱѰңҵҵǸ壬˰ɣ
үӦôˣյǸ˵˵ֻҪҵͨҶԵطˡ
̫ˣүЩ쾳磬Ϊ˵ȴһˣ壬ɹˣպǹٻ
Ǹģһڵĸ֣ʱЦһүǧ򲻿ɴѽֻҶ˵طܲɹ˵أȽƤˣ˵ܶ˵ġ
Ǹ˴·ȻӹһƺݺݵĹڣ£үѾ쾳磬һʲô
ȹھԺߵ˵˭ȥ
Ϊү¡
˵ţЩ˿ʼ»
Щȥ󣬾ͰǸʣˡ
忴ȫȥˣʰһ£Ȼǰʼ»
ոȥ˲ףͻȻожͣ
̧ͷϿǺҹ֮Уɣôܿ
׼»ͻȻһɾǿ
ֻ֮оԼ岻ŬȻ޷ѡ
ʱŵû겻壬ץ̫ˣ嶼ֱ
һץҲûץסǹֽһ˫ɿ屻ǹվȥ


455 ƻѪħ
屻ǹɾ޴ȥʱ򣬾Ѿ֪²Ϊ
ʣԼֵһϼһһϼһ
ԸˣҪʲôôܱס
ǹ㵽ϱߵʱ򣬹Ȼ֤ʵĲ룬һĿߣһѱһֻңңضԼſһֱԼĽǰ
κεĵֿһֱϣǸ֣Լ䵽ǰһ״
ǰʲôܿھǣһ֪޲ԡ
̬ڵļ́ܵͣͷȥߣ˭֪Щϲŭ޳ϹʲôëһԼһкݵģ޶Ҳű
ǸɳƵؿˣϷ㣬ѩھʲô£ʲôһһʮĴʵ
ƵƵͷǰģģ˵ѩڣаǰ׷ѪħĻѪħУǼү϶ʺѪħѡ֮һԲʱΪѪħĴУʮ֮ɡ
ѪħĴУ
Ԫ𺳣ѪħȥǲζţѪħ˾Ҫأ
־ѧѪӰ񹦺ͻѪħѪӰһеģֻѪħ˲ӵУѪħǶѪħ֮ڵġ
˵ҪеĻҲѪӰ񹦴УӦǻѪħа
һʱԪ˼⣬ǸүΨһѡ
ǵģ˵Щ꣬ǶĴѰʺѪħѡвʮѡأֻҪѡˣʱ򣬹ﵽ쾳磬м̳лѪħĻᡣ
ʮѡЩ˶̳лѪħ𣿡
Ͳˣƣеõ񹦵Ļᣬÿ˶ɡ
Ԫ΢΢ͷѪħƾټͷΪ֮ˣᣬȡǹˡ
ԪѯһЩ֪ǴѩޱȺ䣬ȥҪֱůʩ
һԪ沢⣬û޷ܵĺ䡣
ʵǸѾûʲô¶߻ԪˣԪ룬ɴһָѨȻӵһƧĵط
ѨʮʱԶ⿪Ԫ滹ˡ
ԪڽѩȻЩԥһΣǱҪȥˡ
ΣҲҪֹ˵õѪħĴС
ֻҪԪ氲״ûܽκΣԼжĺգԼʵҲڷ֮Уϵͳڣǰ;һƬá
˵ƻԪָжвͷһ
Ȼ겻ǻԪţֻΪĳԭһֱûгְˡ
Ԫ治֪ԭʲôһΣѪħĴУܾܿǶĹؼһԪ汾ܵؾȥƻ
ѪħĴлʮ֮ڽҲ˵ֻҪһ֮ڣԪܹڴѩֹʮˣʮʺѪħˣôɹ
ѡ߶ûˣĻѪħܴ˭
Ԫ治֪ж˽˴ѩȣԼ֮ǰѾһ˽ѩ֮ˣһʺϵˣԼȥ²ɱҲҪϳ书岻˵ﵽ쾳ܵõǾҲ죬һʺҲɲʺˡ
󣬻Ԫ濴ˣǰ棬ץס¡
»ܿԪ͸оɾһ㣬Χȫ߲塣
Ԫûпٵ»Ϊղûȥ֮ǰȥ˿϶˵ͻΧء
ٵ»һܵ˹治ð졣
ڻԪһͷóȻʩչ־ֶΣǲ¶ݡ
֮ĳԪȥӣоѾ˰ɸ߶ȣ𽥽ӽ档
ͱڹ⻬羵ѩǣǿṦϵȥģѹֶܽѩȡ
˽ȥȴ޷ˡ
һԪ淢Խ֮ԼͽӥϵԽ΢˽ӽײʱѾȫоӥĴˡ
޲ɽ֮еʱҲֹû뵽ٴγˡ
ʧȥ˽ӥĿ֧ԮԪû·ˣΨһֻǰһ;
ӰӰ´µѾԿɽȵײԶͻȻһ𣬺õĻӡ
Ұڶ£ȻϨˡ
Ԫﾯ׾˼Ӧһְš
ҲΪþòɻð̽ϾԼȥʱ򣬻Ķ˿϶֪ˡ
˼һ£Լɵľ룬ԪͻȻɿֱ֣Ӵȥ
֮󣬻ԪûƬ̵ͣ٣һԾٴΰθɣֱ߶ȥ
ʱİƷ׷׹˻Ԫһŵĵص㣡
ΪţȴûлӦѾ֪Ĳˣ̾չ
ҿԪ׼ǰ뿪ŵص㣬űܹ
Χ˷Ҳ¶ǵλãԪڿУߵָ˳ȥ
ָֻҪﵽ쾳磬רѧϰָ˶ʩչԻԪ沢ָᱩ¶Լݡ
ﵽ˸߼ѧָÿһָضһ˲ҽŵ£
˫һιУԷ˾֪ˣӲˡ
һʮңԪ˲ŵʣ໹ˣŵΧ£һߡ
ԪʱҲˣŶۼһͬ׸ˣ˹ȥ
ߵԷ׵ĵط󣬻ԪͣңңһָǸ꣺㣬
˫ȲţֵؿŻԪ棺ǰҡҡ
Ԫ治ͷͣһһץɼķ˳ȥ

һҽУ˻Ԫǰ»Ԫһ̾ͻɱ
죡
Ԫһ̱죬ſԪ档
̳лѪħģ
ǵġǰǲǣҲ̳лѪħģֻǡǡ
Ҳ֪ΣˣΪĿ߿Ҳ̳лѪħģһ˿ңϣɻȥ
Ԫ濴꣺Ͳ󣬾Ȼ쾳磬ҲǲˣϧƫƫҪõħͷУһҳƭϷ򣬿Ҳʲôĵ֮ˣˣϷҲˡ
껹֪Ԫ˵ʲôֻһ̧֣Լ͵ĽǰһԼոմﵽ쾳ûõͬˮբһӿ˳ȥߵӿȥ
꾪ںȣԪһָѨ
Ԫȫ߶Ǵ󷨣˵ǿ쾳ӾѾԪȡһɶ
꣬ûȫɷˣѾҲ̳߱лѪħʸˣڵһͨˣ


456 ټ¾Ž
Ԫ׵ȻһѾɵ˵ļ˵ǵүѾʺϼ̳Ѫħˣٴȥɡ
ηη˹˹ȥ
ʧȥѾһͨˣ뿿˴ˡ
ЩԪָ˵ˣʱҲѵذ
û뵽ʦոѩȣǿĵˣҿ˻ʴȣֻǽǴˣȴû˼κ˵Ѿǲеˡ
ҲҶ˵Щ໥ţصǰ棬ʼ
ҿм״̬õ֧ţЩ˻ܻȥ
Щ½ʧڿУԪ沢û뿪
һ쾳֮󣬻Ԫ汾Եõʮ֮һǺڵıڤٴǰһأԼˣܽˡ
ʱԪŸܵڤ񹦵ĺôֻΪõֶʵ˲ãʲôٶĸ죬ҪһһڣԼ᲻ñڤһԾΪԲأ
Ԫ붼üһ¶Ļ࣬ڤǰޱԶ
ʮߣڻʣŸԼӦǰѩѰңӦȴء
һԪȴףӦȥѩһʲôӵġ
ոǰûжԶԪͻȻһֻңëĹҡҡλε˹
Ԫ漱æһѩ˶㣬ϸ鿴ֻδĶ
ⶫĺ࣬нţоȴʥСһҲС٣ѿ̶ȴеһƴ
ѾѩһŽӡⶫ⸽ͣӳ鶯£ƺŵʲôζ
ǶڸѰʲôԪﰵ档
ԭִ˵еⶫӦþǰ֪ҰˣʱũܵйЩټû뵽ҲУڴѩ֮ڡ
ӦýҰˣӦýѩˡ
ѩ˿ǸоϢ¶׺ݵɫҲԽԽһܵѾȥ¥գûˡ
ѩѰһ޹Զִһֽе
ֻѩҲֽУȻҡҡλε߿ˡ
ԪһֱȵѩԶŴѩ˳
ѹ˵ѩΣգѩ٣һԪ۲죬ⶫ͸ղֻԣֻһֵֶܵ
ⶫһˣҲһ鷳
ǻԪǶ̫ںЩжٻѩˣպǬŲ֣¼Կȥá
ĪаԼĵͼһڴѩеĿ꣬λѩһѨ
ԪƣѪħĴУҲǸѨеġ
ȺֱǰǶѨȴԼ̳Ѫħ²˵һʰһöıóѡ
ɾʱ򣬻Ԫ濴ѩϷ΢ĶȻ˴ˡ
ѵһߵ
ԪĵڸǵĻչû
һһˣԪ˵̧־Ǵʹ˳ֱˡ
һ̧֣оԷĵֿԪ͸оҲһڣԼǰûʲôֿ
û뵽ǣ屻ȻڿŤתһںڰ֣
ɲ֮䣬ݺᣬ˵ͺһʽ
תһֱԪͷ
¾Ž
Ԫһ¾ŽĽʹýֵĻƾĿǰ޷ȫġ
ǻԪ沢£ԷֻһڣʹԼʹЩֹҲʵˡ
һǬŲƣԪʧԭأ˵Ľգһ̣ԪѾı󣬵һӣһȴƵ־ֱַӽ˴ӿа
ԪǼģݵֱӽ˵İѩֻʣһ˫ȻڿеŰŵġ
ǴԺ󣬻Ԫ涼öˣֱһգ˵ץסڿС
Ǹ˼ʶ˻ԪֶΣҲ֪ˣ̴ģǰǰСĲһ˼֮ûǮҲûؼֻͭһվƣǰϲ;ȥֻҪҵĽͿˡ
ԪͻȻоЩϤһ˾ת˹ԪϸһһУ
ԪĻҲæȥߵߣҿȴʶɻصǰʶ
˾ǵڻɽ֮ϣԪУɽӡ
Ԫ汾ȡһ̷ˣϾһĳԪӡܺãȡɾԪ滹²֡
ڻɽʱֻһԲѾˣҽƺˣʵС
ԪһϷȥɽ㣬ȴϷ򡣡
һ£ǰĪҲݷһģ
ԪеĻҡҡͷϷ򲢲Ǻһģʲô
пԪȻʶԼɴͽȻ𱳺ľƺһڣǰܣʵڲ㿪ڣǰ
Ԫ治ЦһʲôأǻѪħĴаˡ
ǰ鶼ĪҲ̳лѪħģ
Ԫɫһʲô㲻عܣ뿪ȻݹϷ飡
ЩεͷǰˣҲữѪħеģǸ˴ǰվҪ˻ûء
ԪɻؿУĪǻɽɻʺϵõѪħУ
ѾǻɽˣѾһɡ
ǰЩ˷ܵУԪЩ֣Լ˴ˣĶ¾ŽȷʵЩ֣ҲǻֱһԱɽˣɾͻڻޡ۽֮ϡ
ǴƺɣԼҲûǿôȴˣǺ˴أ
û뵽ûʣȴȿˣǰȻʶôҲȰһ䣬ԻѪħ⣬ô㻹뿪ɣȻˣҲ߲ˡ
еĻԪ治ЦŶ¼仹ˣϷҪʶʶˡ
ɲҼʶģ㲻Ҫûġ
Ϸգ㲻Ϊҵġ
пŻԪһβģ̾ϢһǰȻˣԺһ¶ˣɲҪûѹ㣬ҲҳȥΪһȥˣ̽ڵϢȥҪûġ
ԪԽ֣ʲôɣ
ҡҡͷҲ˵ɺأֻܸǰһǰ£̶ԶԶģҹһڶɣǾʵɣҲǾԾԣ޷ģ𣿡
һԣʾԣ֤ڶ壬ɵֵһƵġ


457 ɽڵ
ԪûУ²ȥǸ֣ҲѪħеߣԸûʲôʵ塣
Ԫп˵Ǹɸоʮֵĺ棬һʲôɣ᲻ڶأ
Լ֪ƺûɣʹĶ絣ڼ䣬Ҳڶ塣
ԻԪƣ棬ܿԲĴڡ
ֶڽѾĵˣȻţɴҲɼɵĲ˼档
в˵Ԫ֪ԼʲģɱҲ˵á
µʱ򣬾ҪԶԶض㿪
뵽仰Ԫ͸оЩЦһЩɻŪ飬ŪһЩưĳʽԺɵĲͬ
ѩڣڵ¶ʮȣһòݶ治֪ʲô꣬ܲܳ
ԪǰǸѩҲͲȺˣյͼʾʼǸѩǰС
Ҳ֪˶ѩˣʩչṦžͻûϥǣԪ治òʱ̱״̬ѩɳ۶
һ·ϣԪ濴ľ޴ѩˣԾ
һЩѩ˻ر޴󣬿ȥ൱ڵս
Щѩ˵İΧ˭ޱͷʹġ
ҿԪṦѾﵽ˾ѩԺͻԶԶرܿһ·ϱν
ѩҲӦһ֣ԲѩɽԶֱʣŪһء
һĺ紵Ԫ治ɵý˽·
ﻹ治˴ĵطԽѩ룬¾ԽͣԪںĳ̶ȻǱȽеġ
Ѿѩ˿һ죬Ϊ·УϲʱҪЩ޴ѩˣǰٶȺһʱǰ˲¶ȣȻ½һЩоѾʮˡ
֮ٴƮѩѩµĶëѩѩͬһ̹ǡ
ſ³һڰԪóͼһ£Լ˴Լ֮һˣѩҪŶҡ
ǰһֽдԪĿԶ
ѾûʲôˣֻеƲ㼫ͣȻ谵һЩ֮߱ʼʱѾöˡ
ԶԶȥǰһȺϰֻѩ˴ӷѩг֡
Ԫ̾ϢһЩѩ˵ǿÿһѩ˶Ҫߺܶԩ·ҪȥԶС
ǻԪѾᷳˣһ̫ԶҸطһЩѩ߹ȥԺٳ
˿ΧԶĵطһССıɽѩڱɽ治վסеĵط¶˱ڡ
ԪɴʩչṦɽȥ
ɽǺܴ󣬻Ԫܿ͵˱ɽĺ档
Զѩٶȱ֮ĶҪ죬Ԫͷһֻѩͨ嶼ǽɫĳë
ֻëѩ˵ߣֻߴ׵İëѩˡ
Щߴ׵İëѩ˻ԪһЩر޴İëѩˣڶʵ
ֻëѩûԪ涼оľ
߶ȴԼ߰ˣûЩİëѩ˴󣬵ǻһ֪̺űըԵƺʹʥеһƴˡ
ëѩ˵ĿעΧŵƽˣʱ̱־裬Ƿ˵֡
ԶԶؿһǽëѩˣԪ֪ëѩӦһֻѩоڶʵ
ֱδţѹ˵ѩ֮ڷǳΣգ׺ĹڣܳԲ⣬κ˽Σհɡ
ʼĶΪ鷳ڵĶܾǶˡ
Ԫ治ΪԼѧǴ󷨾սʤֻëѩˣοΧϰֻѩˣֱθĴBossһȺС
ֻëѩƺо˱ɽ쳣˹
ԪԶԶһۣɴͶ㵽˱ɽ棬ѩ߿ĵط
ǽëѩȴԶֽ˼ȻЩѩ˾Ȼɽ
Ԫһ·ϣѾʶѩ˵ٶȣЩƱ׾ļһʵһ㶼ǿЩʵﵽڵĴѩˣٶȼʹȲԱҲˡ
ѩ֮ڵѩˣԪ治Ϊһð취
ۿЩѩԽԽԪЩżڱɽΧ˿ҵһԲĵص㡣
ͻȻԪ淢֣Լ߲ԶĵطѩƺЩɣԪһһӣǴ˳Ǵѩץ˹ȥ
ŵİѩԪȡ˳ܿ¶һһС߶Ҳһ׶һȫûġ
ԪʱͷϲֱӾ굽ɽϵС棬ȻٴʩչǴ󷨣ΧıѩץԼǰγһѩǽ
ѩǽ赲赲ѩ˵ߣһܱܷ磬һ·ϱһ˪֮ĻԪо쳣ů˯һ
ЩѩųصĲ¡¡˹
֮󣬽ëѩ˹ֽ˼Щѩ˾Ȼűɽ
ѩҲǷֹĸģҲǷִСģԪѩǽһС϶ۿֻһЩСѩ˱һЩĸѩ˱Ȼԭؿʼιˡ
Ԫ󺹣ԭЩѩܵɽΪϢιӣЦԼΪˣھȻ档
ﰵеù֪Ͳˣܸʮ·ƹȥҲͺˡ
µЩҲûˣԪ⿴һֻر޴İëѩ˹һƨɾ˻Ԫ׼õѩǽǰ棬ŤŤؿԪеһ߶סˡ
ԪŵĸϽάѩǽֹǸѩ˿ˣȻǴٴδӵץסѩһŵѩǽ棬ѩǽӹ̼Ӻ
һѩǽͱԪǴ󷨼Ӻʮ֣Ѿ쳣ʵˡ
СطſȷϲᱻǸѩ˿Ԫųһ
ӹѩǽͰڲĿռ䣬ԪıѾֻİңǿΧССĿռ䣬Ԫ治̾Ϣ
һŲƽַɣȻһȺССڳȥˡ
Щѩ˻ãʮ첻ߣԼҲȴʮĲ
ЩɥһȻǱ䣬ȴûĺԪɴ˯һˡ
ŵʱ򣬻Ԫ濴ıʲô
۾ϸؿ˿Ԫ澪ط֣Ȼ֣
ǻһ֣ı棬д˺ܶ֡
ϧڹ̫谵Щ
Ԫ濴˿׶ѩǽѾȫˣ΢
СĳԿһ·⣬Ȼֹͣ
оʲô쳣Ԫŷ߶ԺٴοһЩڵĹ
ԪŹߣ˱ּһۣ̾Ųˡ
ҵõϢˣ𣿡


458 
ϵ̵ֿĺСҺܾ㣬ӦһŮúСĶ̳ģͷ
ּԪ̾ˣҲһˣһŮˣ֪ʲôԭǺԼһԭ򣬲ּ
汻ѩ£ͨҳûУϵּҲ޷ֱжˡ
ͷɻ󣬻Ԫ¿ȥ
һǣҵõϢˣ𣿡
ɴ˿ɼֵŮˣһŮˣѰһ˵ģ˭أԪǳǳĺ档
¿滹кּܶһһεĴ
Ҳ֪ǲ̫ɵˣûңֻǸŮˣȫǣûñ˽ķ϶һ˿ûС
ͨλԪȷڱɽֵˣһŮӣƺһȽϳŮӡ
ɵ˲һ
ҲֻҪڣʲôͶģҺ
ԪоЩңôôѽЩ˭أ
ҵõϢˣҶ֪֪֪һΣҿܾܾ𣿡
Ѿһе׼Ը⽫Լһжһ޷ܾҵģ˭š
ѩô࣬Ҳ֪һܻܲ뿪ҵһο飬ֻҪܹһأôһԼ
ԪȷŮҲǱѩԼǺʹԵȻ֪ͬŮʲôʱµЩּ
Ѿˣѩ˻û뿪ЩŲסˡͲ֪֪ǸŮ׷ѩ֮Уڴˣʮʮһ󣬲Ż˷ҵĴڰɡ
ԸѩڻҵԶıǷ⵽УҲϧ
Ҳһ죬ܿòҵ
ԪĬȻŮӲǾ̫ðɡȻԼ⵽ȻϲлῴԼһۡ
ˣѩ˻棬޷ȥˡٵ죬֮ѩ˻뿪ôҾͻԼ
ʮˡҡŶЩѩˣڿԳȥˡ
ּʱЩģԪԺﲻֳһ档
һŮӶԱյСռڣĿֻͨܿϢά
Ϣ޷־ñֵģˮжһЩ취֣ûпĿռڣǲڵģٸߵĹҲС
ѾʱЩѩˣĵļµּбˣѾʧȥƽʱ侲
ȷʵ޷ƽġ
̫ˣڿԳȥˣ̫ˣȥЩּģҾҲԺһ￴ҲҲᱻ˷֡
˭ôּģǶԵˣﲢһ֤ҲͨˣҾ͸ҵСɣҽ椣¼ֵ֪Ĳˣڶһ㣬һҵˣ˭ˣ˵һ䣬椣ǻؼҡҾʲôӦ㡣
ҵĻԼţ԰ɣ
ּдûˣûҲû
Ԫ濴Ƿһ˿Ц⡣
һеŮӵõϣлϲ˷ϲ¾ˬּдҲЩּǳһȻ˵ϲá
Ļû٣̫ˣЩּδһڴŮһΣȻϲˣɻôдˣĻ롣
ǾԵģҲһ죬ʧʱǸԵˣͿܴӦԷһЩ¡
ǲģ˭ұ֤˭ЩּأһһŮأ
Ȩ椵ⲻһٵЦˡ
Ԫ黹ͦȤģֵġ˭һֵ˼飬˵漰һЩΪ֪ܡ
˭أǷ񻹻ţ
Ԫ룬ҲһԼĻˣûµʱȥˣһȤȥҲͦ˼ġ
ʮ죬һûԪвЩѩ˲ס椵ʱһҲԼʮİɡ
ŬԼ֮䣬Ԫ滹ѩ˵ĹֽУЩһﻹûߡ
ݶǵϰߣÿһȺ֮䶼صģЩѩҲһȺһȺģ˵Ҳصġ
ɽ汳磬ѩ֮ůһЩĵطˣ˵׼Щѩ˾׼ﲻء
ԪһЩѩ˵Ķ滹֮¸ɴ࿿ڱϣĬĬתڵȡů˯˹ȥ
⴫ҪһµʱŻжʮأԪ治
ղǱ⣬ڷԺһҲиһλԪҲûʲôٶȣҲȥɴ˯ˣ˯ú㡣
ʱˣԺһ£ѩ˻ھͼ˯ΰ֮Ҳ֪˶ٴΣԪ涼ȷԼûȥ
֪ʱڻ֮ΣԪεԼѾˣһصϱӵļ磬߻ԼЩ֪
СӣԼ˹ѧϰ˷װƣԼ·ˣһְ졣
Ľ߿ɰСΪ£ûµʱϲ˶ˣͺгɾ͸С
޲ǳ˼ŮǿˣԼͶʵļĿ׬ǮңֻŮǿ˻صԼ߾ͳŮˣƾԼڲ
ĸ壬ԶԼԼԼԺͷˣþϲץԼͷظԼĦǷܰûԪ
żʱԼҲĵ뿪뿪Ǽˣ͵͵ܳȥ˽ᶫ硣
޵еĶһ׶԰ÿǽ̵Сǳ裬ÿλԪǰʱ׶ʦͶ裬ֻԪҪҪ˿ߵķװС
Ǳ޳ģһ򣬻ԪεԼĳΪ˺У׵˶ϳԵƾոγҲܴʯĳ
Ǽ˼Ծ˻ԪǰΪһɮԼھ
ΪʱһԼǰ㣬ﱧǸ˭Ѿһɮʹޣ˺ѷεʹĥŻԪ棬ʹȥ
ûʹȥʹ֮ѡ
Ȼѣ֪ʱѾˮ
سһҿΣ
Ҳ˻Ԫ棬ԼһҪء
ǳɾһɮԼһֽأǸأ
ֶԲź£Ԫ治ʲôź
ĬĬһԺ飬ΧܾԪϸĶֲ֪ʱЩѩѾȥˡ


459 ץ
ϸһȷ϶ûѩˣԪ浥ƴѩǽ򴩣̽ͷһȷʵûѩˡ
ΧĽӡʣҲûж೤ʱ䡣
û뵽Щѩ˻ͬס椵ʱһʮ춼ûߣҲ֪ǲͬһȺѩˡ
ķǷѩ죬ԪʵĿͷ˿Լʮյıߡ
룬ԪصָЩּ·ָɣָ׵Ĵ̴ڣд˼֡
椣ǻؼң
ˣǻԪͦ˼ģɴдˡԪ桱֣شһ֪µ˵Ļ
һУԪץŵĻѩص棬ָԭ״
һʰˣԪ·ѩжľ룬ڵʱѾʮʮˣܼˡ
˵ԼڱʮȥˣЩ߶ѾǰǸѩ㲻ôжˡ
֣ȫ𣿡
ѩѩȻһʯķ䣬¶ȻҲܵͣǺȽѾˡ
ݷȰڷڣݷ翪ڶԲ˷ʡ
˵˵ͷˣĿǰѾ˰˸ߣֻдһӺǸɵûˡ
ŶǸɵ˾Ȼû
Ҳ˵ûһǰվСӹС￴һȦȻͳȥˣûнѩ
ߣΪǾµһˣһεĴоǵ֮𣿡
ɣݷƺһӵ
ԱߵҲˣǰ⼸ȻڽԣЩ˿֪ǵŰģΪǳԶˡ
˵飬ˣ誶ߵӣ˵䡣
ΨúͿľʦûԱЦ
ݷ翴˿ľȶˣڵλѲӣƺֵ˰ɡ
ľûкݷ˵뿪䷿䡣
ȵ˳ȥԺݷɫ䣬һ˶ʼղһģҿǻ
Ա誸˵һ䣺ǵ׵Ķ࣬ҪǶָɵǣ
ˣæ˵²װɣϾһˡ
ݷ˰֣֣ͲһˣΪǶǰΪ˵𣿸㣬ˣͼʵҲв䣣ֻ㲻ʵˡ
ЩԥصѵǶҲǱ߹ˣ
ֹǹֱǱΪ飡ߣľȣǺܿͻΪǵ޴Ϊ۵ģ
ݷĻ䣬ƾͽӿڵ֣ҪᶨҪʱ㲻ҡڲǵɮ᲻Ҳֵ꣬Ƕ˵ͱˣһȷʵΪ˻ѪħĴûǱߵ˵õĴУһ㣬ܽܵġ
ƺݷ粻ֵܣһ˵꣬һֽӿڣһΣǴˣ˭õУǱߵ˵õͷֻ֮һս
˿˿ݷ磬ֿ˿ơ
ֵܶˣǵʮ湦ߵԼȻҲﵽڶ壬ȴʼ޷ȣ¾Žȷʵ
ԥһ£һҪ𣿡
ҪΪһҪ˸ˣھ͸ɵľˣֻɵҲô׵飬ԻҪͬЭС
ݷ˵һ䣬˺ڰ޳ˣλ޳֣ǵʱôأ
ڰ޳ĹЦ˼ֵǰΪ˱𵱳˵ĴҲֻõе˵˭õ˴Уǲ棬ȻҲй©ǵκμƻ޹ء
˵ţڰ޳һ߱ĿҲûгȥʾǾԲƫκһ
ٴο˲ˣ֣һѾ⣬ȴ߿κˣǾͲǱߵˣֻҪȵĴ֣߳Ǿ̶֣ȳȺͿľȻٽǱһ򾡡
ݷЦ˼ǱߵŹˣΪµһˣһֻҪǸǰ˭ˣ޷ֵܵĶ¾Ž»
˻ЩȽȿľ˺Ǳߵֻ֣²ôöԸ
ٺ٣֣ûý֢Ļ᲻֪ǰǵĵɣֵܶ˷ֿǾ¼䶥ĸֵ֣ܵĶ¾Ž֣Ǿ޵УԲԸǶûôףʱǿľȣǱˣֻҪ赲ǰģһɱ֮
һ£ȥ̫ˣһˣѾݷƵ˫ˡ
뵽һ㣬Ĵԣҵʱ򴫳߿϶վһߵģֻҪ֧ȷˣôԺ˴ߣǾͲηǱߵˡ
ûһҪģҪѡһʺֵ֧ˡ
˵ѡ˭أ
ѡ̫˲УѡѡǱģǺǱߵ˲ģˡ
ݷ˵꣬ͷһǲ̫ѡа˸ߣǿûкʵ˰ɡ
ʵǼϤĲϤˣֻ¹ش󣬻Ҫóϸоһ
˵ˣǱߵˡ
ѩɽɣڣó
ѪнͣڣóɱٶȺܿ죬ϧǸȳӡУӰ˵һ
ΨʿĮͣڣͳ͢ǿΪУɫɡ
Զϣ֯ܶ͢ڣҿ˲ǳ֮࣬»;ȥС
鶫٣һͳ͢ԵĽɫ˲ãǵõ˾գֻҲȥ߸͢ˣ˼϶ڽ档
ߣڣ֣Ҽǵ㷢ֵģ˽Ӱɣ
ðٳߣڣóĺǸ˲ţܿϧһŮˣǴ˵ĴУ䵽Ůӵ¾ͻûˣС
һˣٺ٣ʵұȽϿˣͶ·¶ץʱпܱҵɵעѺϣһɹһǸмġΨһϧľǴ˺Ǳ߲㲻ʲôԹ
ݷһһ˵꣬Աߵƣ˻Ҳһֱꡣ
˵Ҳûжһѡ
˵ҪǾץһΰɣ˵Щʵȫ̭ˣȻдĶСֽһֽһ֣ץ˭˭
˲˵Ļԥļ۾һҲҲʵģɴôһҲδɡ
ͶȻȻŪ˼ֽ󾭹ϸɸѡֻġ
ֽݷ˳ȥ˿С


460 һ
ش˴֣Ԫعһ
˪⿿ѩĵط¶ȾԳʮȡ
һ·֮ϣԪ濴˲˵ĽӡǳƶЩߵʱµġ
йȥĽӡûлĽӡԻԪ滹̫ģӦûûн
յͼʾǰӣӦüѩˡ
ԪӿŲĸȥģͻȻһ죬ƺвˣæһߣ뿴˭ıԼ
ոնصһεص㣬һЩ˸˹
ѩԭ֮УЩ˾Ȼ˿Ҳ˼Щѩˣһ··ɫĻ꣬紵ЩѩŵȻӵԶԶġ
Ԫо棬û뵽Żˣ⻨껹ѩ˵ĹЧ
ƤµİŮӣһӵˣǰŮӣеı󱳽еỨԼжʮҵӡ
룬һž޴ˣƺҲŮӣǿĿ
е컨ɢѩˣЩ˸·ٶȺܿ죬ȫʩչṦ̤ѩ޺ۣһ·޹˼ɵķԾ˹ȥ
ԪԶԶؿţҲĲǺܸоһ˵ʵǿЩŮУмڵĸ֡
иԼĻԪûóȻĳȥأѾͬˣѾȥ˺ö࣬Լһ˲ûʲôʵ塣
һôЩ˵Ŀ·ԪԶԶظ棬ҲõЩѩˣǰһҲѩǰ档
ϵط֣ѩǰѾۼ˲ٵˣΧһȦʲô˵
ΧһƬط˲ٵ񣬷ֱ˱ܷĵطΪܶഫߵǴŲµģڶס档
µ񣬻ԪҲ˲Ƿᱩ¶ʲôˣͻȻӿ죬һĳ˹ȥܿȺ档
Χ˿˻Ԫ棬ǿҲûǾ۾˵˵
廨ţЩǴߣЩǸ洫һˣΪԪһģû˴ԪҲֵû˹ԼվȺ棬ۿ
һԪһ㶣潲ˣȻݷ磡
λĿĶˣǾǼ̳ΰѪħ˵ĻѪħм䣬ЩǺѾѡ˳ģʺѪħˣµҲͻƵ쾳磬ﵽ˼̳ʸ񡣡
ݷ˵ŻĿɨһȦЩߵһһɨ
䵽Ǹոյͷ޴ס׵ѡʱݷüͷ΢΢һ¡
ѪħǰѪħĴУֻʱһֱδǣֻһʮ£вſԽУǰӺ󶼲ԣ
Щѡ˶ϸݷĻ˵
ԪȺҲĵع۲ţͻȻһӰôϤ
䱳ӰͲ棬ƺǺȵĶٰףΪǶȵԭ򣬻ò̫С
һεĴУغܼ򵥣Ѫħ˵ĴеصѩʮѡߣҪ룬һﴫеصˣĴߡ
һЩṦȽϺõĴݷĻЩ
ݷǵͷһǧҪΪܵÿһܹﵽһѩΣأ;ĿҲܴ˭˵ĻҪϷûǡ
ȻݷԿţǸûں顣
ֻҪܼ̳жľѧðٴķҲֵõġ
ѩʲô̫ķգܿķվԽѩͬ飬ȫѡߣʵߵĲڣĶΪԼϣ뱣⻹ܴ
ݷ˵ŻˣѡһоŸ˵ͷѪħ˵Ҫѡʮѡߣ񻹲һˣѩϾͻῪʱǸ˲ô;Ÿ˽ȥˡ
ո˵ͻȻԱһ˹ⲻУйҪ󣬽봫֮صˣҪﵽʮֻȥŸĻΪԭ˴Уݷ縺𣿡
ݷЩջؿߵãȣֻоŸѵٱһ˸𣿡
ЦһǲһûҲϢǸɽׯӣѾ˻ȥˣ˲ӣǲˣǹģǻģƶΪȻôڣβѡһչʮˣͿ𡣡
ݷŭص˵ɣô׾ʹչģ
ôͲܴճһܴ˵ĴУҪﵽ쾳磬Ҳܸڣﵽ߾ѾϸˣҪѧԵĹֻҪﵽ⼸㣬ôͿԽܴˣҿֳЩƺҲв
õĻֳ˶ԭЩͿԽѪħаǻв١
ݷ缱æ㻹Ҫһ㣬ʣֻʼ׿ԽˣʺѪħʵĻСʱڶѾܱ֤ͣЩʶô𣿡
Ҳ򵥣ֻҪǴﵽ쾳磬ûдﵽڵˣһ£ʤߣ϶ʲİɣһѡѡˡ
ǽϢķҲ٣ڵðڵĻûб֣ƻ˴еĹƽԣ
޷ƶĲҿڣǱϾ绹Щֶεģʲô磬ʲô磬ھӲƶ۾ַĵĻôƶԸԲκβϸ˻ġ
˵꣬ݷһʱ֮ҲЩ޻˵ǽʮܴУһұΪҲûʲôû뵽ʱ˳Ҫٴѡһˣʮɡ
Ҳʡ͵ƣƺԼèҪżëټһ˽ˮ벻ɡ
ʱԷԣݷзԶɣûа취˵ֻűӵɲҪˣ붴ӣʱȣҪѡˣҪѡ䣬ɱ컹ŪЦ󷽰
΢Ц²ֵˣƶо
Ѿ˵ֶϣݷҲü˵ʲôˣɴתȥˡ
ݷ뿪ЦĶΧ˵֪ûУֻҪﵽ쾳磬ûдﵽڵˣҪԵԵƶﱨʱֻаʱʱ֮ƶᰲǱˣһߵλá
õĻΧȺɧܶ˶ԾԾԣְԼ˻˵ȵȣЩҶ
Ѫħߵջ̫ˣڻ˳ԭ˼̳Ҫɱ˵Ŀ⣬ǰ
ʱֲһ䣺ҼǺˣǧҪͼԴ߹˭ȹؽ⵽ǵļ׷ɱ
˵һ䳡滰ȼ˵ı
ԽԽ˳ԪԵؿһ£Χ£ߵжʮˡ
ڣԵ
Ԫ߶䣬Լľ澭ﵽڶ壬Ҳᱱڤ񹦣ǲҲϸأ


461 Ԫ
õĻԪʹ⡣
ʼʱû뵽ݷҲȫƣƣˣľеȵȶڡ
ЩħӲвͨˣԪֻƻѪħС
Ե뻢Ѩɵûӡ
Ȼ߳һȱôõķǵõλãѩ֮ڣȥƻС
˵ƺԼҲϣڤԵĹԼȻ֮ոսڵ˻ǿʵߵľ澭Ҳڶ塣
ȻԳƿԷֱ˵ľ磬ôҲԼϳڰɡ
뵽Ԫ⣬ɴ˱Ⱥ档
Ⱥ棬Ԫĵػͷ˿Ǹ˾ǲǶٰס
һ֮¹ȻȻǶٰףСӺЩӲƺһЩ㲵ĸоɼʱӲù
Ƕ϶һеĳָɵǻԪ治ܣûжݺ޵еʵ˼ɡ
ٰҲ˻Ԫ棬ȴмƲƲ졣
ÿһ߶ˣôһͷӵڻûﵽڣȻҲѪħУǳ˵Ρ
ԪޱתͷûмȥٰףֻҪԼõ˴ߵݣѩ֮еǻԸСӡ
󣬻Ԫ˻ΰӾͼǰ棬õǰ
ÿżǰĻԪ棬´˼ۣȻ
ԪĻ쵽ǰ
һִڻԪϣʩչ
ԪıڤѾﵽ˺ڽӽڵĵزתһ˿һ¡
΢΢˵ͷȷʵǾˣվˣƶῴľﵽʲô̶ȣ
Ԫվãȴü
ȿ˻Ԫһ･¶˾֮ɫ
ѽе˼Ĺ֣Ȼƶܸоﵽڶ壬ƺЩŹ֣ʲôڹ
ԪᣬϷֻ̳ߵģӦòҪǵûشɡ
һ£û뵽ͷôţǵ˵ͷҲˣȻôͲڣҲޣǱϾǺϸʲô֣
ϷԪףһֱûдºš
ԭѹû˵㣬ˣŰɡ
ԪͨõĿˣ˵һߡ
ΧܶͨȵˣҲкܶĳŽģǾȻûһӹȵ۾һһ̭˳ȥ
ӽʮˣֻʣʮˣȫ̭
æ˲ʱҲˣöʮ˵ˣһʮˣֻһ˻ôʸ񣬶ѩһͻῪûʱһһıˣֻһսӮսأո߻ʸ񡣡
ôһսӮ
˵ķʣõ˵Ҳ򵥣ֻҪȥѩԭһսûκεƹһʤߣͿԵõλˡ
ս
ûǻսʲôֻҪܻʤôɹˣʱҲˣǾȥǰѩԭɡ
˵ŻߴЩ˸Ͽȥ֡
ȻַʽܽܣЩ˼ȻѾǾûѡֻһѩԭȥ
໥ʶģǳͬһɵģʱ򶼾ۼһ໥š
Ԫ治֪˵ʲô޷ǾЭжֻܣȻ˴֮һ۵ȵȡ
Щİ취ԪǺ
ЩߵʵڣԼڶľ涼ߵˣֵܿĻʹЩһҲܸԼһ˺
ѹԵʵʹһУƾǱʲôԪ涼ں
һ·ؿѩǱߵˣʮ˶վ
а˸˽Ļһ˵ģ߸ǵġ
Ҳ֪˭һȻͻȻͰγԹ
һսʼһʱ䣬Ʒ罣ݺᣬѩƮ裬쾳սҲܼңʮɱһš
ԪߣһڵĽͰνʹ˹ٶͦ졣
ԪҲְγȪ̧һ˿Ȼٽûʲôй޹
ǸͳԺһ²żͷڿ˵ʱһڣɶԼðʧľٶЩڡ
һ֣ŷͷҲˣ̾˾һһĹ˹ȥ
ԪĴĦмѧǼ˵ĴڣȪܲԲѷɫһĸ߼ѧ
ȴҪСģСĲҪһԷĽɣСĲҪһԷĽϣҪԷΪȫƶ˴һƽֵľ档
һǱѾ߸ˡ
ǻ˵ģȻһ⵽˵Χܿ׷׵Ѫ֮УȻûбҲ˲ҲȥμӴˡ
Żһ˵ŻΪʵṋ̃
ȻҲ׷˳ϻս˾ֻоŸˡ
һ˫ĵˣһȺлսԼɴͼ˻ԪǸ͵սţ˫ȻǶһĹԪ
ԪҲģ豦غǶȴǱٴμԱ
Ǳߵ⽣ӰƴɱһһŻ֮˳ֻʣĸˡ
֣һŻԿ
һʱԻԪһߵ˽еλֻǶ֣ǶǶеģһȽǣȻһ۰ɣ
Ԫ̻ش𣺡ãϣ
˵Ժ󣬵һսţֱһȥ
˫սԪ治£ﱾЩģڿԪˣԥһҲ˹ȥ
Χ֮£ĶŻܿҲܣʣ
ûƬ̵ͣ٣ΧԪĶˣʱȻ໥ǾûԪ漬֣ûйԪ档
һɱ˻Ԫ棬Ǵֵˡ
Ԫ豦ڻؿŽ࣬ս̫졣
һԭΧԪĶ˫˫˵أȻһƽ֡
˴ʱֻʣֻǰԪҲûʲôˣȪȪķ̧֮ͻȥ˴˶˵ıС
ۿ۶ϣ˶˲֪ԪǱɴеⲻƽ֮ʤʤ֮䡣
ԪЦһȣκֶΣֻҪʤУֵ߽ıûУҲ֮е¡
̶ȣ˶˶ǽƣˣʧȥ֮Ҳʧȥս˼׷׵ͷ䡣
ԪҪľЧΪԼ֮ʤӣ


462 ɵ
Ԫصѩǰصǰʱ¶һ˿ȡ
ȻͷеŵҿȥҲܾӣƺ̸̸顣
עԼߵˣһ̶עŻԪ棬뿴Ĵ߾Ǹʲôӵˡ
Щߣÿһ˶Ǿ֣ÿһֵֶùע
ǹעԪ棬ǻԪ沢ûйעǣֻҪԼõһеλãôһᾡȫƻ顣
ЩߵʵҲˣڣڻԪ
õ룬Ԫܾˡ
˽ĻԪ׵ݣʵǾ顣
ΪֹȻΪԼĳһĻ֪֮ԪʵһĶ
ôΪڳҲôΪģΪԪĳһ˵ĻΪģΪҵġ
Щ໥֮䶼Ƕ֣ȻҲ໥ͨ˭Ҳ֪Ԫһġ
û뵽ͷˣﲻϲɴȥ
ҹĻ٣ͻ谵Ĵѩ˺ڰ֮С
ԪϲڰһЩֻҪһҹϾͿѩˣҸطһأһ㣬ȵ´󼪡
ҹĴѩȸǺ䣬֮ﻹҪ࣬Ԫƣ¶Ѿﵽʮȣ׾ܶ˵ġ
һԪ׼סûдʲôģҲûдЩȡůĶ
ֻҵһܷĵص㣬Ԫȫ߶ľ澭Լܵĺ䡣
ո£ͻȻһɫƤµŮ˹ԻԪԪǼ롣
Ǽˣ˭
ǰŮӣԪ֪ŮӾЩ»֮һ˵ɡ
ŮƴĴ֣Žŵصͱˣ캮ضģһܶˣ㻹ǿЩɡ
ԪҲ̫¶Լ飬ϾÿһóģӦԵڹ
˵ͷԪվŮӪĵط
ЩѩڵˣӪûĺá
ţƤмһؾڵԱߵǻסġ
涼ţƤůڻһ̿裬֮
Ǿ̶ȣԵ纮Ҳһ¶ȣȻڹԵˡ
ԪŮߵмڴŮӶٹԪˡ
һɡ
ŮһڴȻԻԪԪɡ
Ԫû˵һ棬ǸŮӽٴη£Ȼʲôѹסӵıߣֹ
ڣŻıһŮӣƤ£Χʵʵģֻ¶һĲƯǿƵ㡣
ֻ˫ڿСϸ𪣬ʮָ޳һ˫˲е֡
ԪŮӶԻԪ΢΢ͷȻָָĶ棬Ԫɡ
Ԫ̿Ҳ̲ס˿
ŮӶŻԪ濴һȻѾµСŮʲôɣ
Ԫ΢΢ЦϷȻ޲ţҲܲ²һعǴѩ֮УϷʱ˰ɡ
Ůӵ˵ͷȻǼƹˣΪ顣
Ϸ֪Ϊʲôң
Ůӵ˵Ҳܼ򵥣Ϊһεʮˣֻһ⣬ˣǶѾˡ
˵Ǻˣ
Ԫ涢ŮӵŮӵòȻرɫһ˫ˮӺĻ߻ǺƯģҪֵĻҲڼ֮ϡ
α֪أȻݷȺˡ
Ԫ룺ҲǲԣϷΪʲô˵ıҪҿյЩߣʵӦǳ͵ģĴлܴ󣬺αػһأ
Ůӽ˫Ҳ˻һ㣬Ȼľ̿һӲŪ£ûȼյøʢһЩŶԻԪ˲˵ֻҪݷȺڣһҵõУкܶ鲻һʱ˵ģҺˣֻҪһ¾ͿˣСŮ˵˵ǷУȻ١
뽲
ֻҪ໥֣ͬĴеص㣬֮СŮӾԲȥĴУɷˣ
Ԫһ£ѩ֮ڵɷϤ
Ůӿ˿Ԫ棺˵ѩһοϤСŮƫƫΪһЩ֪һЩ飬Һֵõġ
ԪԣƺѪħУϷţѪħеĻôʲôܱ֤Ļʵأ
޷˵¶޻βһأ
Ϸڿǣ˵ʵôӦñֳһЩ⣬Ϸ񣬻֪ʦţ֪˭ⲻܲϷġ
ŮЦЦҲû˵ʦ𣿽СŮĹ۲һ£ûȥκһСŮӾͻĳһλߣȥѰңȻһ˴ѩ֮У֤ʵСŮӵжϣԪףǺˣ
ŮӵĻԪ治ȻþŮӣ
ԭﲢûעԼֻԼûзְˡ
ԪҪſ˵ŮֵҪ˵ʲôˣСŮӲţһ˾Ȼ֪Ѫħ飬飬ÿһ߶ĻܣΨй©ȥȻһҲֻǰڽ洫ˣѩȣΪ·ŵİɣ
ԪЦﻹǻ棬ϷȷʵǻԵɺ֪µģⲢ˵Ϸݿɰɡ
Ů΢Цȷʵȫ˵ٿ˵֣СŮӿͦΣϸۣûκε̬֪Ƿʲô֮СŮһ
ӽڵڣԪһоŮӵĻ֮ʲô֮дʣѾԼйαװĺۼ
˵ԼĻױֶβңǸ߷µƤߣϵͳȻʲôԼȴĴ
Ůһ裬ԺԼԼûʲôֿˣϾ¶
ԼױԪ׵ӣԼʮҡ
Ԫ汾Ŷʮͷ
ʮ˵ֺʮ˵֣Ȼͬһӵġ
ŮӶԼģٹ۲Լ棬Ȼܿͦγ̶ȵȵȡ
û˵ƣ֮ķʽԼԼһ䣬Լ
ϸشŮӰΣԪ̲סǻ۹ˣ۲΢Ϸʮ
Ԫ˵ŻתͷŮӸ˵Ȼ̣ԼΪݱʶóȻ֣ᱻˡ
ԻԪֻ΢ЦͷûκεйһƵģ
ŮӱΪԪ汻ԼȻһЩ˼û뵽˾Ȼ˿ںӣҲ΢΢Щ졣
ȻСŮӲ֪ʵݣСŮҲʣСŮһǰУѩͻ࣬СŮȻţŻĺȡ
ԪĬĬһϷǶǰУ»û鷳͹ͬУһΣϷ֪кֵϷ
ŮҲǵǲӲӥôҲãҿȷظ㣬ݷЩ˿϶Ѿڶ˭ĴߣΨһѡ⣬˶õ㻹һ˿ᣬܾˣôҲעˡ
˵ŮӶһ£Щע˲ôעҪʧˣھ͸õȴݷ˼ӺĪҪΪԼЩֶΣ˹Ҫ㣬ֶǲãҵɣܻĿأ֪ɹ
ŮӵЩԪҲΪ֮ݣԼȷʵˡ
ݷڶߣôԼĴȷʵΣգûбڶҲΣա
ŮӼȻ֪ôˣһ顣
ֻŮӵݺĿһֱûԪǡ
ǻԪţƾԼֶΣҲŮܱʲôǵȻﶼ˵ˣôϷҲ޻˵һ붴ɡ
Ůǳһ̲סؿڣҲ֪˵ǲΪˣû뵽ȴ˽


463 
ѩѩѩ˵ĳѨΪ˱ⱻƻ⽫֮ѡ
ݷȺ֮ǰȻ˱Ȼš
ǿֻһڣʵкܶࡣ
˵Żݷ˷׷׳֣һЩѩԱߵһЩǽϴ˺ܶĶһ֪ԭܶපڶǸˡ
ǿѡκεĶ붴˭ߵĵشɫĴ֮󣬾ȥְ֮ϣֻҪſô󴫳ߡ
򵥵˹ݷ˿Խˡ
ǵʱ˶û뵽ǸŮӾȻͻԪߵһ붴
Ϊ붴֮Ƕ˲ŵһģݷҲûзһʱֲܻȥԲˡ
ԪǺߵŮһѩ֮ڡ
һֱʱ򣬻Ԫ滹֪ߵŮӽʲô֣֪ʲôɡ
ѩ֮ڣһԪǸŮĶһ¡
֮ǰŮӾ׼Ƥ£Ԫ׼һסǾˣǻǵ͹ѩ֮ڵĺ̶ȡ
ѩĶںܶ࣬ݷ˵ԭѩ˵ĳѨסѩˣʮ䣬ͬԹһ㣬ս֮ʱΪкܶපڵԭ򣬴ߵĻһ·
Ϊѩ֮ڣֲֻѩˣˡҲпܳΪ֡
ֻлԪǸŮΪʱˣԲŶѡһ붴
ѩڵĺö˶ǳԾϹˣѩڵ¶ȡȻůûз֮⣬ĵطй֮޲
ȵϺö˶·ԪǸŮӵ¶ȿǹ͵ġҪսʤĵˣֻѩڵѩˣ⺮䡣
ŮҲ֪ѩ˻ǲٵģһ·Ͽ϶ġֻҪëѩˣҲӦùΪ˼ٳͻҪϸ·ߣһŵͼ
˵ŻŮóһͼֽ
ϴźףŮЩѵĽһͼֽӻ˳Ȼݵ˻Ԫǰ
Ԫӹһͼֽעһ·ǰ߹ģģңԶӡ
Щɻؿ˿ŮӣԪ˭µģ
Ů΢Цǲ˵˰ɡ
˼Ҳ˵ԪҲһֱ׷ʣֻõҲգǹһֱ˵ʦţҲ˵Ҷһ·ͬУƺҲ㡣
Ů룺ջ
Ԫһ£ջأ
ŮӿŻԪ棺ϲͿһС

ѩڽӽʮȵĵ£ǵסԪͷϵ亹
ʲôﶼû⣬ԪҲвڵġ
ⲻǳ˼ҵϣǳڻԪԼϡ
һ£ѩ棬һ꼶ܴĿͷߵһСŮһͷ˵
Ԫʵڳܲסѹ뵱Сӣƺ˿ڡ
죬Ԫ滹ǵ㻹ǸȫɣϷʵԿڳƺ
ŮЩԣǿԪΪѵƺ٣ǵջл䣬ֵ֪˲ࡣ
䡭ֲϿڡ
Ԫһ䣬Ȼ˵ͷ˾ͺýжˣ䣬·߿ȥƺҲǹҪ߸һ졭Сģ
Ԫ˵ŻͻȻһȻһ̧֣ҪŻʩչһơ
ϻͷҲûأ˦־һڷ˳ȥ
һǺһֻķһֻѩ˵ʺѪ䣬ѩ˷ڵأ䴩ĺһ
䣬İȻ˾׼
Ԫû뵽䲻ûͷһѩ˵ʺݹ˲
΢Цһ£¶һ˿֮ɫҴ۾濴Գ־׼ͷˡ
Ԫһ£û˵֮治УԼ۾ķȻһɱѩˣͿɲеġ
̾һ󣬻Ԫͼʼϸо
ѡ붴ڣĵطǵƵͼ߹·ߣԪ水յͼʾǰ·ظ󣬶˿ʼѩȥ
ھͺڰԪͻԵȼһֻ׼õĻѣȡů
˴Լǰ߰׵ľ룬Ԫ沢⣬뽫Ժķ⿪ȴֵı¶ݣֻʱ͡
һͻȻǰ洫һ¡¡Ԫͻ䶼ͣ˽Ųʿ֪϶вѩ˵ˡ
ѩڣ߶ȴԼʮңһѩǽڽﴦһ֮ͨڣͿط
ǰиתʲôģһתˣѩˡ
Ҫı𷽷ô϶дѩˡ
ʱԶѩˣǵͷߣôֻкѩˡ
ԪҪ߻ˣԸѩ˵ʱ򣬻ȴǰ涥סѩ˳Ȼ÷ڶԸǡ
Ԫ˵ͷֲѩѩǽϣȻȴѩ˵ĵ
ܿһֻѩ˳˻Ԫ֮ڡ
ѩ׶ִ࣬ȻûдʥֿŵļǸߴҲܴǿҵ𺳸о
һ࣬ѩ˹ֽһ໵ľ˹
ԪһѩˣӦͨ͵ģԼ൱һڵսϡ
ѩ˳˹Ԫɵܣ˳е׼
ѩ˵ľ̩ɽѹĶǰС˶˹ȥ
ڻԪ汳Լ׵ĵطվţûʹڣҲ뿴Ԫ׵ʵΡ
ǳѣҪЩѩӲƴζǵҪ
ԪڻĻƺδţѩ˵ٻһӭȥ
顱һ죬ڻ侪Ŀ֮Уֻѩ˵һƲûдԪ׷ֺ
⡭ֱ
䲻֪ݺˣŵĶƣԪ׺ûʹû뵽һȻܹѩˣֱ֪
Ԫһƽѩ˵Ĵ𿪣һͻѩ˵ؿڡ
ٶȺܿ죬ѩ˶ԪһƴУ̲ҽŵ˳ȥصҽ˺ıѩǽ棬֪
ֻѩ֮䱻Ԫѩ˳˹
ԪĻ䣬ʱسڣЩѩҿ׽
ȻԼ֣ҲֵУ͸ɴں濴ˣԪ׵ʵܹﵽʲô̶ȡ
Եɨһۣһѩ˶ǱȽͨģԪ͸ӲںˣһԾͽѩȺ棬ȭӣͶ֮ͽѩǷŵһƬ
Ԫ׵ı֮ãҲܸˣѡصͷ˻Ƕˡ
ȴûвԶĵطһ˫۾ĵعۿǶˡ


464 ֮
ѩǸʯķ䣬ݷԸոջĲ˵֣ôˣ
Щǵصквõġ

Щ߽ҲСˣĿǰΪֹѾһ;Ŀǰʣˡ
ʣµ˶˭ǻԪûУ
ûУţⶫٰסߡгԶ˻š
ݷͷһ̧ͷ仹һףȻʱһֹȥôѩ˹ȥûκǣԪ׵ģǸʲô·
»֪Ŀǰ֪ģԪ׵һ·ϼʹڹƾͳԶЩѩˣЩﵽڵĴѩ˶޷⡣
ëѩأ
ǶëѩˣԪ׾ǰ涥סȻ󻨶ںʹ÷ڣͨĽëѩҲǵĶ֣ЩĽëѩˣҲǡ
˵Ż̾Ϣѩվǻ۲ߣʹЩĽëѩˣҲ޷ȣǻɵʻꡣѩˣʹĽëѩȥˣҲ޷˺ǡ
ݷɫٰ׵ĽΣ
ٰ׵ĽȺͻǲ࣬Ǹѡȫ·ߣżǻһֻѩ˳ֵġٰ׶ԸܳԪ׶˻пڶٰ֮ǰϵĵء
ⲻУ
ݷһ֣оԲ䵽޷ƵץץٰˣҲԸǵһжһҪõĴУɣȥٰףЩ
˵ŻݷֽĿͶԱߵƺ誶ˣǻҪһ˳ȥԪءǽǻɱ;Բߵ󡣡
調˿ݷƣվȥɡ
Щĵص֣˶ȻڣǴһ·ϵıûоȫ˵ʲôصĵơܴѽ
ЦЦھڣʲôƣַģǾԹһصġ

һ󺮷紵ĻѴ
Ԫ濴˿ͼԻˣаʱǾܵĺĵ
˽ϵ·ǾͿЩ߰ɣʵ̫ˡ
Ĺ򲻴ǳ͵ģǿϧվǸŮˣϾѷɫӣѩ˴ˣĵ˲ЩѩˣǺ䡣
ԪͷЩ
ҪѪħ֮ˡ
һ·ϣǲûмĴߣҲ֪ߵ̫;˴֮أֻԼͻ˵ĻôҲͲǺˡ
˵ԲȥᴫУôʱֻҪԼҲᣬûдˡ
һȻˣܶڰǰŪΪʲô춼޷ﵽĿġ
ǰһΧĵƽЩͨôխˣƾĺĵԶˡ
˽Ųӿ죬ϣܾ쵽
ڻԪĺ棬һ˿ӵɫ
ҪȴЩԥ
ܿԪǾױģȷߺһʲô
һ·ͬУԪȷʵչԼһ·ϻûԼγ֣ѩ˻ˡ
Ǽ֮ˣѪħĴǿ˷ģ¿ԪƺпܳΪĻѪħ̳ˡ
䲢ϣһѪħ̳ˣ˵Ԫ׽Լĵˡ
Լǰ棬һֻڡ
ֻҪԼ֣Ҳһ̣ԳԪ׵˾ͻһʬ塣
ԪףԪףԭһְɡ
ţֻ̧ԼҪô
ʱ򣬻ԪͻȻһͷԻСģеˣ
Ŷѩ𣿡
Ԫ΢΢ҡͷѩˣˡ
Ԫ˵ŻȫעĽ䱸ظĺ档
ֻнظԪ׵󣬻Ųر䣬ɢһƺڹܾеġ
˻ǰУؿΧԪоղһ˰п̽Լˡ
ɱԪȽУղȷʵоɱǲ֪Ϊʲôȴоˡ
һѩ֮ڣԪźܶൣġ
ݷӦòòɵ˵õѪħĴУԼǰĪаڶûг֣Ҳ֪ڸʲô
ԼлŮӣҲ͸ء
ﲻΪ˵õѪħУôΪʲô
ȥᴫеĻԪҲ֣һ²һ¡
ԪٴζԻ֮ǰ˵˵ģֻҪѪħеĵص㣬㲢ȥѪħУ԰ɣ
ͷȻ˵㻰˵ȥܾ;Բȥܵġ
ǺãǾȺ򣬵ȺĴ߹ֻҪô͹Ҵá
俴ŻԪ棺Ԫףõ˻ѪħĴУʲô
Ԫ룺ĵõУôҪľǲ⴫мȥ
һ£ƺ˵ʲôվû˵ڣΧ˿㲻˵⸽еôûп
ԪҲҿ˿ղȷʵо˱˵ϢûˣҲô£
ǰ˼תһ֮ǰĵȻ
Ԫͻ䶼㶵վǰ˼澰
Ͽյıͬʯشп϶ӿ϶ԶǱĵطһڻʡ
ܷ⣬ƴĵص㣬ǱҲ֪˶ٵ䣬γһʮɫ½硣
¶ƺҲůһЩֱǵĸоʧˡ
໥һۣԷ϶һɫʡ
ۣʲôطѵǴеĵصôôƯ
̾ţΪ˹ߣҲϨˡ
ԪҲƵƵͷȻǹ񹤣ɣľɫֻ֮Ǳѩ綼Ȳϡ
ѩʲôط
Ŷһ԰ѣûʲô˵ġ
ǵ˵䣬ԪǰָָǾҪˣ㿴
˳ŻԪָķ˹ȥֻԶԶĺһڵϸؿ˿ƺһڵţԼм׵ӡ
žĿˡ
˵طԪҲˣҪǰߡ
ͻȻղŵǹɾٴ
˾ڸ
ԪҪѰңͻȻ󻨶䴫һƺǻˡ
Ԫ漱æͷһס֣ס塣
ʱ򣬻һֻͻȻ̧һһֻھȻֱԪĶͷ˹


465 
һ˳Ԫһͷڴͷ˹ȥ
ԪûжǰĻ֣ǻͷһơ
һȻûʶڻӻԪԴȥһ΢һҽС
ԪƽŵˣǸҲԻԪһƣƷԺ䣬һ죬Χı̮һƬ
ʱ򣬻ԪͻҲͷȥˡ
Ԫһʶ誡
ڼϰ˻һǷڣѪͻԪƴһҲûռʲôˡ
ԪǶԻķں
ķӦҲܿ졣
Ҳ۾棬˺ĵˡ
˶һۣñ˴ĬһЦԪ誵誣ȻǾͲҪŻȥˣ
һҪΪ͵Ϯһе֣ϷĶˣǴ󷨣
誵һ̧˻Ԫͻˣһɾ޴
ԪЦһ誼ϵ˿ڣͬҲһ̧֣ǸոŵǴҲóŪ㳢Ѫζɣ
ǿӿȥ誼ϵ˿̱ѿѪͬȪӿҲסֱԪƷ
ԪɲѪһѪֱ䵽˲Զı档
˲ʧѪҽһ
ʱ򡣻ļǷͬʱ䣬һֻһӣֻڴ䡣
ĸڣ
誴֮£ͷһڣĸ䴩һ
Ԫ治ŹĻᣬ̧ٴʩչǴ󷨣誵һ˿Ҳ˺ѣһѪ˳
µıӶȾˣһܹжѪԪǴ󷨣ϳ˲һ衣
ɫ԰ֽû뵽Ԫ׾ȻҲʹǴ󷨡õı
һʼܵǳ䲻һںⳡսѾעʧܡ
Ҳ˲ڶӣ誵ͷҪܡ
ǻԪﻹһδԼѣǴסȻ̧־ָ˳ȥ
һ٣ûܶ㿪ָ˫Ӧϣ
ʧѪ࣬ͷѾԣϢƣ˫ȱϣ̾ͻԪǴ󷨸˹ȥ
ʱγ׼誡
Ԫ漱æ֣˸Ҵã
ָ誵Ѩ޷Ԫ׽ɱ˿һڶ壬ϵĺڶҲûмÿһǼ䱦ģԼıڤ񹦿ķ
Ԫ˵˵ͷʼΧ߶ͬʱҲΪԪ澯䡣
ħͷԪû˿֮飬ʱѾǴ׸ûзˣԪֱӵְסĵǴ󷨹ȫ
ǹɻͬһԪӿȥ
Ԫڵıڤۿɼٶڷɿš
ԭ֮ڣڤ֮Ϊ΢ģﵽ˺ҲԶԶ޷;Լͯӹȡ
޴֮ڣΪɫɫɫ
誵ɫ̿ʼ˸ҲʼѸ׳
ԭֱһһһţѸٵĽӽһ׶
񹦵ʱֱһ׶ֻҪܴﵽһ׶ָ˵ˮƽ
ԪԺڷ䡱죬һϲڵıڤڳһƿﵽ˺ڵĳ̶ȡ
ոտʼʱǺڣû꣬ʹﵽ˺ڡ
ڵֱҲﵽһһʮţһһ׶ˡ
ɴ˿ɼڵıڤͺԲ൱ģɼԪѡȷԡ
ȡ˵ʮ֮Żɢؼ䣬ֻʮ֮һΪԪԼãǾʮ֮һҲˣΪ誵ʵ̫ˣڶ壬նԼһˡ
Ǳ߻俴Ԫ˵䣬ֹ˴š
ٴȡʮӺ󣬻Ԫٴδϲ
Ϊ誵رӿȻֱӽڵıڤٴֱӴﵽ˺Բľ磡
ʱڵٴֱﵽһ׶ĳ̶ȡԽʵԽ⼸ֵѾûԪʵ˺ܴı仯
ڣ誵Ȼûȫݽߡ
ԪһҲҪǷܽڤ쾳硣
ҡ붯ҲˡʧѪࡣ˫ȱϣҲƣǰԼһȡ˵û뵽Ҳбȡһ죬ѭӦˬ
Ԫڵżţһ׶һ׶ߡ
ɫϢԽԽǿȻܺȣǱ֮ǰѾǿ̫̫ˡ
ʱڵڻԪ֪ͿݽˣԼѾͣٵ˰ʱˣٶҲܲסȡ
Լıڤ񹦣쾳绹һЩ
ռ㣬ڵ澭ܴﵽһͲܹ쾳ƿˡ
һ׶ˡһ׶šʱ򣬻ԪѾʼˣΪﵽһ׶ţһ֮Ȼֻһ֣ÿһ׵ӶǼġ
ڵĹӦԽԽ٣ԽԽ
ڣﵽһ׶ŵʱ誵ȻֹױԪ˸һ㲻ʣ
Ԫıڤ񹦣ҲͣڽӽԲλϣ컹һСξ롣
ԪҲʮˣӺڶһ㣬Ⱥͻ˺ڣԲһͽˣĽٶȣǴﵽµһˡ
ڶȻʵǿϧ̫٣Ԫıڤֻܹڵľ硣
ϵʧȥȫҲͺͨһˣҴʧѪɢۿǼȥˡ
Ԫͷ誵ƥ֪˭𣿡
ǿ̧̧ƤԻԪ㡭˭ȡҵѾ˺ܳܳʱ䣬ˣѪħǡǵòˡ
誵ĻԪʱȻȻ˴£
˵껰Ԫ¶źɫȻЦ˼Ȼһƫͷֱӻظ
ٶǰһħͷô˻Ԫ
Ԫ治̧ͷȥ䣬ֻҲԼ
䣬Ǳߴ֮صĴȥˣ
˵ͷոһ˽ȥˣԣˣһˣǲˣҲߵûǴǸٰ׽˴֮ء
Ԫ漱æ̸ϹȥԲöٰ׵õĴС
˵õлԪ滹رģǶٰһõУôһǳ˲顣
Ϊٰ׺ԼͶ磬ǵˣõ֮һԸ˺µģԪ治뿴һĻ
ٰ׸ոս봫֮أҲ֪üֹˣ


466 Ҫ̬
Ԫȫ誵ȴ˴֮صȻٰ׽ȥˡ
æŻϵ˴֮صǰڵĴŹصýġ
ˣẓ̇˵ûԲǴƵģǴƣӦǶٰ׵ˡ
Ԫ濴һţδأһЩԡ
ˣԪʹȫص˫档
޴ĺĵ涼ڲҡ˼£ǲûͬԪԤһĵ
ûԪԾԴ⻹ǵһδƶѵ
ԪغһһβʹȫڵҲȫ
תһֱǻԪǰδе״̬ûдﵽ߶ȡ
ɫĹâתԱߵĻޱȾģظоԪ׵û뵽˵ĹȻﵽ̶ȣһ
˵ԶһЩ
伱æˣ˳ȥ˼ʮԶ
ԪʱҲڴﵽԼ۷״̬
ڲؾڣԪתȫҼļӳ֣ӲǺڱƴŪ˸ƽ֡һαǴεĹҪһЩԪ治žʹš
ҿ
Ԫٴεȫһƺ˳ȥصҵ֮ϡ
ɽѵһ죬ǰһζûܵԪȫһƣ֨Ժصصȥ
СŵĴģû뵽Ԫ˵ģżʹڶҲǾԴ򲻿ģԪֻһڣôֻܴԲܺأ
ʱҲ˲ôˣԪԺ󣬲ûмڽȥڹۿ
ûͻȻǰӰֻһһӰͻȻ֣ɥĺХһһҵıŻԪ
˶˵ٶ죬̧֮䣬Ԫ͸оޱȵѹ
ֱ֮ղŵ誻ҪԶԸ
ղʰ誣лһֻ䲻ķ˺ܴãԪǴҲشкܴɺϳɷ֡
ڶ壬ôöԸġ
ǰĶˣóһƺ誸ѶԸһЩԪҲ˲ÿڵˣְγȪٽӭȥ
һ̣ԪκֶζˣָǴ󷨣ʨӺ𣬴Ƶȶ书Ƶʹ˳
ܵѾ˻ԪĻĿģǲܵˣҲûκε塣
˻ԪʨӺԺٴһ˳֣˵ǰ
ԪԶԶؿһۣǲˡ
˻ԪһͻȻڵµһлױģλ޳֣һҪ£
ԭΧԪĶ˾Ǻڰ޳˲˵ĻЦַģСȻе֣ǶûģǾܿʼĴаɡ
ʱݷҲŴԲ˵ֿʵߵͣǵ˲°˷ˣǻҪöٰ׾ܵĵõߵʵ
˵ͷҪתݷȥʱͻȻԶӰٷɱֱŸ
ݷһʱ󾪡
˲ǱˣĪаɲɲˡ
վڲԶĪаݷݷ磬һΣ
ߣ֮ʲô˵ã
ģĪаΪʥ̽Ȼ֪ߵʵɶ෽ؾģ°˷õѡ񣬶Ѿ˸ˣҺɲ򸾣ôͻǰ˸ˣԸһ֮öٰ׵õ󴫳УҴнʵǿ
ݷתתĪаʲô⣿
ĪаЦҲûʲôֻҪڴн֮󣬴Ӧλûң֮һʹǿΣ
ݷɿ׵ʧ
ٰõ˴Уôǿ϶ҪԲģ˸һְٰ׻ôеĻٰԲʵҲǺǿġ
ֻ˰ôٰ׼ʹԲҲܴﵽݺҵЧݷ˵Ҫ󲻷
Ҫ֪񶫷ѾԲȻݷ˲֪Բʲô̶ȣǿǰʵӦòٰ׳ΪԲ󣬲ܶԶѹƵЧôһεĴʹۿˡ
Īаɲɲˣһڶ壬÷ҪǿϰæȻٺòˡ
ĪаҪԼ黹֮λһݷ翴ƺҲδɡ
һٰ׽ԲѵĪаʲôֿ֮
ʱǲǹ黹Լ˵㡣
뵽ݷãһԣһޣֻҪĪٰܰһΣôʥ̵Ľ֮λͻġ
ã˿Ǿͽȥɣ
Īа˵꣬Ҫɲɲڡ
ʱԪЩˣĪаĪ㲻ô
ĪаͷһѾǱ֧ŵĻԪ棬ڵһ䣬˵Ҳ˵㻹СӦλ޳ɣɱ
Īа˵òԪ汾ٴҲͬʱԸڶ壬Ըһδʤء
ԱߵĻȻʵҲǱϾֻڣսܰʲôæ
Īа˵꣬ͺݷ˽ڡ
оŸˣҪܴеĶٰ⣬ݷ硢ơˡľСáĪаɲɲ
Щһǽ϶˵Բ⣬˶ˡ
Эٰ׽˻ѪħĴУôٰ׳ɹ֮󣬾Ŀǰµһ
Ԫｹȴûκΰ취ڰ޳ٶҲ죬ɥҲݣԼѾЩ޷мˡ
ٵĻԪʱ˻䣬һ䣬˵ز˾㻹ǿЩȥɣ
һֱûߵĻԪʱԼһ£ҧ¶ģںһľȣַɣ
Ҳ֪Ԫ׾ַˣ˿̾Ȼÿľȶ˳
ӰľкһſڣѸٵļսţֵס˺ڰ޳ˡ
ͬʱҲЩԹؿ򻨶䣺ˣôʱͱ¶ǣлûʼأ
նصѾܲôˣַɣȻڰ޳ɱҪҲ˸ˡ
ľȵͻȻ룬̽Ԫ˳æһߣٵϢָһ£սڵĻָѾˡ
ʱݷٴſڡ
ݷЦſ˿ľȣڱ¶˰ɣ֪һҲûʲôˣĪھͿµȥˡ
ʹûпľȶˣҲкڰ޳ǻǹ˸ˡ
ԪʱϣĿͶĪаĪаˮԼһô˫ʵԱȾͷ仯ˡ
ʮ壬ԼĻ壬ԪѾֹٰ׵õеϣ
ھͿĪа̬ˡ


467 һ
ݷĻԪ漱æͽĿ䵽ĪаϣеؿڵĪھǻᣬͶλɲǰϿľȣǾˣԶԿˡ
ľҲϣؿĪаͶλɲĺճֱӰ
Īа濹ݷսԱȣֻҪĪаֵסݷ磬ôľҲԵֵڰ޳
ɲҲԶԿˣԼ߻ɲһ䣬ҲԶԸˡ
Ƕϣԭһ޽⣬ھҪ⿪ˡ
ǱݷƲϷʵؿĪаȴ𰸡
Īа˿ݷǣֿ˿Ԫ棺һ䣬ҲܴӦ㣬ҪԶţȻѾӦöٰ׵õУôҪꡣ
Ԫʱо׻㶵ؿĪаĪ㡭
ĪаҡͷҲ̫Сҽˣ¾Ž˫赣Բ֮޵УĪа˵ѵǿľȶ鲻𣿡
˵ľҲɫ԰ס
ȷʵ˵ֻݷƻûǰʹó˫赣Ұȥˣ顣
ڲԭ˵ĿֲǸ˵ģôֻҪԸ⣬ʱͿԳָɵǵˡ
ЦԼ˻ΪܹԼݷǣǶô޴
ԪҲЩû취ˣԭݷ˿ֲʵôһԼһһҲͲʲôˡ
ݷʱҲЦĪǴˣϷϲʹ˴򽻵ãĪ֮ԣھʰ⼸أöٰ׽ܴУ
ĪаڵֻٵһеʱҪˡ⼸ˣҲǻеҵ
ľȶ˼˻Ԫͻߡ
ȷʵѾٺЩ˶Կˣݷ硢ơĪа˵ʵֲ̫ǶԿ˵ġ
µ񣬻ǿôסɡ
Īа˵꣬ݷڿһۣ˵ͷûɳ©ʱѾҪʱˣǼͶһɣҪͼңĺѿ
Ԫͷ˻һۣл﷽Ѿˣǻ뿪ɡ
ľҲ˵ͷԻˣˣ¿¾Σˡ
һҲˣļƻˣľǰ¶ˣѾ޷ˡ
û뵽ݷСˡ
ЩԥؿԪ棺µķɣ
ʱ򣬻ԪױѾûˣɴͼٷ¶ıĿ
ûƶɮһ䣬ԱĿǽģֻûױǰ
̾ϢһϧǶʧˡ
ԱߵĿľȶԻˣҪ߾;죬ʹٰ׳ɹˣҲδؾǣǱߣһΣˡ
˵꣬˼˻䣬һһңתͱʱص·ǰȥ
ߵʱ˻Ԫһۣƺ˵ʲôվû˵ľȶ˺ܿ뿪ˡ
ˣԪٴνĿ䵽˴֮صſڡ
ݷҲûжһֱſľȶ뿪ݷģϾ˶ҲһвֻʣµһһˣҲûʲôµˡ
ڲ˽һϾҪʼˣٹ
ݷ缱æתȥҲȥڰ޳ɲɲҲ˽ȥ
Īа󣬻ͷ˻Ԫһۣߣ
ԪܸĿŶٰ׵õУĻٰ׳Ժ󣬿¾ͻ´Եѡ
˸˰ͻƣ¶ٰ׳Ժδˡ
Ԫ治ĵصҾԲߵģ
ĪаͻȻɫԻԪڤ粻飡
˵ԺĪаͻȻһ̧֣һֱԪ
ⰵٶ֮죬ԪûüֻǿĲλͱⰵһ»С
һԪܴ󣬴ĻԪڵ滬һβͣ
ʱݷ̽ͷ濴һۣĪаĴָĪȻˣһְҲ
ĪаЦһͨٷͨҵİˮƽߣǶԸַɻǹˡ
˵Ժ󣬶ûйܻԪ棬ֱӽڡ
ŪķзѪħУһ̿ʼˡ
Ԫ浹أǿ̧ͷڿȥ𽥵ر֣һѪӿڿʼˡ
û뵽ĪаİҲô̫ԪһʱȻˡ
Լޱǿобڤȵһϵ书ļӳ֣Ԫɲôױ˺ġ
һǰֻûԪ˵ˣתһκá
ʹϵİԪ汾ӵϵͳʾͻȻ
ʥ̺书Ƿѡѧϰ
Ԫ澪ȵĽİһŷԭһöʥ
ԭĪаʥɰ˳
Ҳ˲Ԫ漱æ̺ʲô书
ϵͳٵķһóۣʥ̺һ֮һĺƣ⵽ڹڤ뺮ƥ䡣
һƣ
Ԫһ£书ϱӵʱ˵һǳǿѧǱ⽣Ǹָɵˡ
ʹˣҲӰһǿѧ
һǸ߼ѧ𣿡
ϵͳһˣһĺǸ߼ѧһûм⵽ĿǰȷѧϰƷǲ߼ѧ
Ԫ˵ͷһĺƾǸ߼ѧˣôһһƿ϶ҲǸ߼ѧˡ
ѧƷ󣬸ôּͲ֪ˡ
Կ϶һ㣬һҲǸ߼ѧܲ㳬ѧδ֪ġ
µʹѧ˺ƣԪҲΪܹŤתǬԼĿǰǷȱģһŸ߼ѧƷѧẮƿ϶õġ
ѧϰҪõʱ䣿
Ҫʮʱ
Ԫ̾ϢһҲ֪̳лѪħҪã⺮Ҫһʱ䣬ԼҲȥ̳е£ȥҸطѧϰ˺ơ
վԪЩĵؿһ۴֮أЩĪаΪʲôһҪٰס
ѵͲף˶ٰף͵ڰݷЩˣֻݷȺ˸ӵţֻԺ󽭺Ҳˡ
ʥԪת߽һѩͨڣתһȥûҵõطԪɴһԾѩĶˡ
ڱѩϴһԪ档
߶ȣõĻᱻЩѩӰ죬Ӧǰȫġ
ҪѧϰľѾʧأ˭Ҳ֪δᷢʲô飬ԪҪܵԼʵԱδһԱ
ҲȥܴǱߵ飬Ԫ濪ʼȫȫ


468 а񴫳
ҲǷֻģǱȽ׵ģƣ¾ͺȡóɹ
Ԫ濪ʼʱ߾Ϳʼкۣʱƣʼ˪üëë·϶ʼ˪
ԪⲢ֪˺ϵ˪ԽԽ𽥵Ľ˶ˡ
˿˿ʼۣڵıڤ쳣ԾԵıڤ񹦣ʺϺƵ
ʱ䣬ȫĵͶ뵽֮С

Ǵ֮صڣһ̨Ա߰նϡϡϡİ˸λŰ˴֡
ĸ̨֮ϣٰѪơ
˵ŵĸ̨֮£̺ŶѪħܣĴô£ֻд߱˲Ż֪˶ǾȫԼĹߣ͹ඥЩ֮ͬ
ֻԽĹ̶߲ȵļ̨̺ĻѪħ֮ûѪħͨĳַʽ봫ߵڡ
ò˵ʵѾﵽһľ磬ĶȻð˴ȫʩΪϸ
Īаǰ˸˶ܸоǼӴͶ룬ǴӸ̨֮ӿҲڼӴһֱǵάһƽ⣬öٰײΪ̫±
ٰ׵ɫһرţÿ˴ֵӴʱɫͻᷢ࣬Ѫħٴν롣Ͱ˴ֵ໥ƺ⣬ȻһѪӿͻƽٰ׵
ոտʼвʮӣٰ׾ʹƿʽڡ
ﵽԺľչյһӡ
Ŵٶȵļӿ죬ٰЩ˷̧ܵͷſڣһѪĿ˳ȥͺغһǺɫġ
˴ֲ֪⴫кʱһͷֹֻԼ̨ϵĶٰףͺһ޵׶
ѹݷ֮ǰᵣܼܲס⴫Ļƣȷʵһ˵ġ
Ŵʱƣ˸Ҳֳһĸ¡
ǵĴ䶼ͬģҶҪһٶȡ⣬ͻܻѪħϮǵĴ䲻ܶҲ١
ԼʮʱˣҲЩܲסˡ
ݷ硢ƺĪа˻ԵñȽɡ
ˡɲǶͷѾЩӡ
ɲҲ࣬ΪŮӣһЩ˿̵ĺˮظࡣ
˹ĺڰ޳ˣʱ嶼һЩ΢ҡˡ
ͬڶ壬Ϊڹķͬÿ˵ʵҲһģЩ˸߼ʵرǿģʱֳơ
ʮʱĴ䣬ٰ׵ԽԽǿʱѴﵽڶĳ̶ȣһĻͽԲ
ڴܽԲ˵ݷʵл̬ȵġ
˭֪ԲҪľ򣬵䣬޷Բģǳ
ΪʲôѪħĴоñ˽Բأ
ѪħԼҲԲôԲأ
ʹڶ֮ǰѪħ棬ÿ˶Ǽ̳ѪӰ񹦵ģǶҲûдﵽԲľ硣
ڰǰ뿪ݷʱ򣬾ôԸģֻҪǼ̳һѪħˣһԽԲԺô˵
Ȼ˵ˣݷҲûʲôɵģôҲôΪġ
ǽ쵽˴еʱǲŷٰ֣׽ڶѾһʱˣȴٳ޷Բ硣
ֻнԲεĴв˳ɹȻʧܡ
Ұյ궡˵˸ڶְ߳ԲĻô߽ԲԲ֮ʵҲǺǿġ
Ϊһڶ壬ֵôʦڡ
Ϊöٰ׾ɹ˿ʼٴεļӴȡ
һΣڰ޳˶ֻ΢ҡˣǵζĺܾңƺʱпܵһ
ɲˡɲˣҲǿʼҡΣǵҲҪŲסˡ
ʹĪаʱҲͷ󺹡
ļ̨֮ϵĶٰ׸
ѾܳʱˣѪƺֹһʱ̶ڽԼڡ
ܵǸԲƿԼʹٶٶѪҲ޷ʵһ㡣
ٰײԭΪЩиˣǻŬ
ɫѪ죬ٰ׵۾ЩˣȵĿҪױȵμѪħеҪԭ
׷ɱ˶׷ɱٰ֪ʹﵽڶ壬ڶǰҲǸȥͱҪΪԲ
Ŭһ㣡ҵòеĻҲΥѪħ˵һ
ٰ׶̨µЩŭţߵ̬ѾЩϵĶˡ
ݷǶڶٰ׵̬Ⱥջ𣬵Ǳѡ񣬼Ȼˣֵֻ֧ס
ݷ翴ΧһۣͻȻһλ֪ǻһ̣ѾǱˣڿʼÿ˱ȫٰף˭ĲͻܵѪħ֮Ĺֻﵽӽݽߵʱֵ֧ʱſԵ£ѪħҲṥߵˣ
Ҳ֪˹ؼʱ̣ھͲһѾˣݷĺ£˶ʼȫԸ
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Χʯǽ֮ϣʱѾʼѪˮʼۣеĵطѪ̫ŨѾγˮΣһεεѪε˵ϣᱻĺ̡
죡죡죡ٿһ㣡
ٰ׸оӴƥѪӿ˶Щˣ˻ߵŭţߴţûз֣ԼԺ֮УЩطѾĵط˱仯
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һˣ߸˻ڼٰƺ˶һѪɫϼһֻǱǻš
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֪ʲôʱʼڣһаϢʼ
ǲǻþǼʵģͺڶٰλãһɱ䡢ѪаϢԽԽŨ񣬾ͺڵѪһ޴ڣ


469 ĪĹŹ
ڳЩˣ˵ûʲô֮
ݷǼ涡ô꣬ʲôûɹɱ˾ͺͲһ١
ĪаΪħ̽Ĵ˻С
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صĺڰ޳ˣҲĺֶ֮ȻҲ޳ˡ
Ǹоа֮ɼԲһĶ
ݷЩ૵ص⡭ϢĪǣ
Щ㶣ƣ˼ؿмԽԽŨѪоΪλЩϤ
Ǻڰ޳ˣҲǾؿѪڣ˼𾪱顣
ɲҲЩţĪаһۡ
ĪаǶģҸһĳŵɲ˾ؿǣĪаڳ״ȻҪĪа
Īаɫ糣ɲ΢΢˵ͷʾ޷
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ʣ˵ٴٰͣ׵嶼ˣΧһֱ׵Ѫɫţ˾֮С
ƺûʲôţˣˣɣɣҶٰҪԲ𣿿ˣҸоͬˣ
ֹһɲҲ֧Ųסˣ˫һصͷţҲмȥˡ
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ϵһҲ¶ƣ̬ҡ˼£һͷ
û뵽ɲĹȻĪаָż˴Լ֮ҲΪ̣ˡ
ʣģĪаݷ硢ˡ
ʱٰ׵徹ȻʼڿնѪʼΧγһ磬ٶԽԽţһѪɫĲϼڿţһȦȦתΧѪҲʼһİ롣
ҲѾֲ˶೤ʱ䣬޷֣޷ѪﵽƽĻһεĴкܾܿʧˡ
˻һͻȻǵ䱻Զжˣ
ⲻǿƵģԶЩѪжˣ
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ݷˣЩȻ£ڹ۲Ѫŵˣ𾪵ؿſ쳣ı仯ȴĽ
һ˿˿Ѫʼ룬ÿһѪɳʯǽϣѪ䵽档ͱһѪˮѪѪġ
ڶޱŨصѪţѪŵԽԽСǹаϢҲԽԽŨ񣬻ѪЩëȻĸо
ͺһֻԾĵĶѪˣȻûмȴ֪ĶȹҪֲ
ԽԽС𽥵¶˶ٰ׵Ρ
ٰԺݷǲѿڶˡ֡
ҿһ˿д棬֪ⲢĴˡ
ֻԭһµĶٰףʱ·ѾѪɫۣѪѪģǱЩѪѬȾġ
һͷԭֻǵͷĺڷȻ˳İ׷
˿˿׷ͬѩһƮ裬ޱȹζ
Ϊͷ׷ݷǲ˵ĳ嶯
˵Ҳ֣·ȾѪɫˣ׷ȴһѪɫûУǴİס
ٰ׸һ޴ı仯ҲòҰףûɫƫƫ촽ģŵƤҲġ
棬һѪڻƣһ˿˿Ľ֮С
ݷſβȫϣͷߵƵӦǳɹ˰ɣ
Щ̫ȷص˵ͷпǳɹˣڵĶٰףӦԲĸˣָоԵĴһԲǲܴȫѹȸеġ
ݷҲͷɻصΪʲôܸо񲻶Ծأ
Ҳȷʵе㲻ԾҲ˵Ϊʲôˣһ۾ɵʱ̳ڣʥֿ̾Դˡ
Ըʲôӡ
ݷ粻޵ĵ˵һ䣬Ȼضڸ̨ϵĶٰ׿
һʮӹȥˣ˵ԵĻָһ㣬Ҳǿ
ƫƫⶫٰǺ޶һһһҲ
ݷЩżˣ⴫жˣΪʲô
Ŀ䵽ϣεҡҡͷ㶼֪ΪʲôҾ͸Ӳ֪ˡ
ֿ˿ˣҲҡͷʾ
ݷĿ䵽Īаϡ
ĪȻͺȺСϾǽ֪ӦҲǶһЩٰ֪ô𣿡
ʱ֮ڣĪаһֱŬϢԴӴнûֹͣϢڵľݷǸӳһЩʱ۾ݷһۣĲ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
ݷǶҡͷ
ĪаתȦһۣɲ˵˿ɸоָһЩ𣿡
ɲ˵ͷʾжѾûдˡ
ĪаŷĵؿݷǣͻȻһ⡣
֣Щ˶ǹﵽһˣٽˣͻƵԲľ磬֪ΪʲôǶûͻ𣿡
ݷһ£û뵽ĪаʱȻԼ죬һɲõԤдĵ
ûͻƣΪԲ̫ѣҪҪкܴĻԵС
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Īа˵⻰ʲô˼
ͻȻλվҲʶЩԾĵطˣĪа񣬺ʲôˡ
վݷҲվ
Զҽ̣˫˫İγ˳һһҵңңĪа
Īаȼ֮ûȥעٰ׵ȫָڶĻָٶǼ侪˵ģʱĪа״̬Ҫǵġ
ݷûдĪа֣Ƕ֣ˣǵĺϵҲ˽ˣֻҪĪа춯Ƕ˽ɱ
˵вĪа˿壬ǹЦʲô˼ǵʱȻʲô˼Ǻã͸ǡ
ĪаҲվݷ˵ôˣҲῪӺú룬һУô˽ԲûôԲľ磿
ݷüĪа㲻ҪԻˣǶǼģǶǺԲˣڵĶٰףǾԲϢˣһǲġ
˵ö
Īа˵ͷڵĶٰףԲˣǶҲδĶ֣һ㱾ɡ
Īа㵽Ҫ˵ʲô
ѽţ־ߣ־ջ꣬Щ˸ūˣ˼ˣ
ĪаЦĳЦݷǡ
ףǾͲᶯӣû򣬾ʹﵽԲ磬˵ʲô⣿ٰ׵ڶûۣ˵ʲô⣿ţϸ롣
ĪаֶޱãһеһУڰԼļƻ


470 ֮
һֱﲻ۵ĶٰףٿԱЦĲĪаݷԽز
ɫĪаĪаڸʲôϷ򾯸㣬ϷֵܶǰİϷȻûĺùӳԣ
Īамؿһۣ֮ǰô˵ǻʱȥǵ˫Ѿвˡ
һԲѣҲ֪¾Ž˫赣Բ֮޵УѵԲľ粻ɣ
ûУǡ
Īаһ£һָ̨ĶٰףУ
ݷ粻ɫصĪа⻰ʲô˼
ǻûǺãͿЩţȻҲ֪ԲҪ򣬶ٰȻõУǺûеõʲô򣬵ȴԲ˵ʲô
ûݷףĪаͼҲ˵ٰײҪܽԲ⻹Բǿģ޷ˣѾپ˵˼άô˵Ƕ𣿡
˵˼άǡ
ǵļƻܺãһİٰףЩѩ˿һ·ǰ˳ò˴ŶٰǰһεĴУһֵݣΪٰ׽Բ֮ǵĻΪǴﵽĿĵĿܡЦЩˣһֱĻȲ˵ٰ׽ԲܲΪãѵܳΪԲЦںˣٰѾΪĿܣǻָ
Ϊˣ
ݷ缸˶ŵؿŸ̨ϵĶٰס
ٰףѣнˣ۾ˣ
Ǻ˺üٰҲûһ㶯ɱ۾һͷѩ׳޷裬ԵΣնֹ졣

ĪаЦûõģڴеʱҲоǹɱΣյϢ˰ɣӦñҸǶϢԴѪħټĹڴеʱǻѪħѪѾȫʴ˶ٰ׵ԺѾһˡĶٰףֻһܣһû˼ʶĿܶѣ
Īаһ׺䶥ݷĿɿڴ
ԭѹֲҪܽԲԭѾ޷ˣٰ׵ԺѪħʴľ磬ֻӲӴġ
һٰ׵Ȼˡ
ݷҧгݵصĪаЩ֪ǲǣ
Ҳ֪ǽȻ֪һЩǲ֪顣
ʲôôٰױһܶľͷˣѵûķѹᶯˣѵܶԿֵܶ˵˫赲ɣ
Ҫ˵ǴҶ˵ˣǽȻ֪ǲ׵£ǲҪΪٰ治ܶԡ
ݷƶһۣûиóȻȥٰףΪһп˵Ĺ죬˶˻ǺСĽġ
ǲһֱҽǰһУٰ׻ǰЩʱҵģΪЩĻѪħУνǳ˴ġ
ڿıĴˣвʣٰ׶ûжļ֮£Ծϸ̨ʹȥĶٰס
ոշԾһ룬һֱ˫ĿյĶٰͻȻ۾
һ˫۾ѪѪģ۾һ˲䣬̸оһɱɱ֣˲ͷ
˶ʱоãв˾޴ŵ⡣
ֽһŤ£ʹƽӲֹͣȻڿתۣҪתɻȥ
ٰ۾ضŲˣֽûκζͷ׷ͻȻǣͬһﵽɳ磬һ¾ס˰֮в˵ֽţ
˾Ļ겻壬־ң
ݷʱҲŴˣﻹóȻȥȲˡ
ٰͻȻſڣŲ˷һֽС
񲢷˼ռ֮ڻص
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˹ܸ˱ٰ׵İ׷̶ڰ޷㣬ܴһյ˳ȥ
ʮɣصײǽ֮ϣǽڶײһεĿӶ
ǽ϶ӣ˵ֱͦͦص˵ϡ
һԺ󣬶ֱٰ۾һͷ׷Ѹٵ˻ȥ±صĳȡ
ֲٰˣݷ˲ŻعˣԶԶرٰܿףȥ
ڰ޳˺Ͳ˻һЩ顣ΪȽϽ޳Ƿ˲˵壬еʵ֣оôˣ
³һѪȻ󻺻۾
˵ݷǶ¶ϲı飬ƺҲûʲô
ȽϺϾڶ壬ᱻһо͸ɱء
ԼҲþ棬鿴һûʲô󰭣ϲصûʲô£ֻڸЩˣһľûϵˡ
ڰ޳ҲǷģ޳ҪŲվ
ҲͺãѪħȻǿҲڴﵽһɱ˵ĵز
Ļ䣬ݷѪħĸ֡ͻȻɫһסƵĸ첲ˣ
ƱݷһҲͻȻʶ˲ֽһݷһԾ˲ӳʮԶ
һˣڰ޳Ҳʶã޳ҲǷԾ޳ҲϽ֡
ʱͻȻ˵һѪ˰װһըһͷţÿһڱը
޳벻˽ЩѪ棬ҽ˼ûϢ
޳Ҳûõȥһֱ۱Ѫ֣˲ͿʼѪˮ޳Ҳļ́絶ݺݵĽԼȥ
ֱأƬ̾ͻΪѪˮ
˾δӴܣһֱܵڵһ࣬ſĪаɲɲͶ㵽ߡ
ݷؿĪаһʱ޷ڣףٰױ˿ֲĹĪаʲôô
Īамݷһۣһڣгӡ
ǱŨѪɢȥ¶ԭľ
ԭĲˣвĺ޳ˣ˿塢ѾȫڻֻʣһƵﻹ𽥵ڻ֮Ук޳Ŀɥԭء
ԭΪľĿɥһҲѾʼá
˶ѾΪѪˮ
ϧ˲ˣ츳ұߣŶα˴Ķ
ݺὭٶ꣬ɱĲˣ˰ıѰҡҵ˴лѪħļ̳ˣû뵽ʱ̣ȴǲ˶ٰ׵ĻѪħ֮¡
ĲһĲӡʲôҲ࣬վ޷ֵŶ񶾵湦øʬ޴棡


471 Ӯ
˺ͺ޳Ĳ׵סݷЩˡ
֪ԲĿֲǻǴˣٶȥˣЩûԲݺң޵УѾһָ߸ϵ
ο˶սΪԼԲˣҶٰ׸ոͻƣϣûٰԲ֮С
о˻Ѫħԡ
һ书񶾵һ㣬ǻԺֻҪѪûþǿʱѹƵĻͻѪ
ڵѪҺըȻڻ˵ĹֻҪˣӲһɱ١
ٰ׵һǼ˶궡ѪӰ񹦻㣬ٴԴѪħӶﵽǰ޹˵ĸ߶ȣΪ޿µһ
Ѿ˸ڿĵص㣬û뵽ĪаȴͻȻ𣬿˲кһ֡
أĪаȣ˲ϿգýһһŰɫ˿˳
ȻѪȾһѪħͼϷˣ
ĪаõѪħͼץסȻñһٶȵ˻һǳɡ
ݷʱɫһ䣬ĪаϸȻʱѪħͼȡ
ĪаصݷǵߣЦôݷ硢ƣڻʲô˵
ݷɫصĪаɷѿģϷͲףٰױʲôôѵΪֵܵϷֵ𣿡
ĪаЦǾȻûףϷҲͲȦˣٰʧȥҵʶǲûа취ӽ쿪ʼٰ׾Ǳµĵһ֣ҿֵܻеüֵʶģ͹ԹԵĹ˳ΪЧǷһ·Ȼվǵڣ
˵ԺĪаͻȻóһ̵ֻѣ
һֱĶٰͻȻ۾һѪһٰ̣ѾĪа
ѪĳۣѪ۾Ұ׵촽Ƥһͷ׷ٰ׾ͬһԵħĪаޱ顣
⡭ⲻܣ
ݷ˶ʱŴˡû뵽ٰ׾ȻĪаĻôˣ
ûвܵ飬ûкôΪǰ׳𣿻ԶǵæǲѰ·𣡡
ĪаЦ鼫á
㡭ôģ
ȲòģŶ裬ȥԺ󣬾ͱñõĽҩӻһһΣԽҩĻͻöֻҪһӣҲͬҪ
Īа˵Żһźɫҩġ
ڽǳˣֵܶ˵Ķ¾ŽҲû˲ɱҩԺǾҪЧңǲϳԵĻھͿԸ治˶ȥˣ
Īа˵ŻԽر䣬ضݷƶˡ
˶໥һۣЩǿҵĲʡ
ߺֵܼǿˣڶ»㲻ίҪǸĪаܸġ
һⶾ裬ԺԼˣ̸ʲôң
ԣ˵ǰ֮ĪаĴˣһɵԼ˵ġ
¾Ž˫ٴҲ޷Բ֪֮
Ȩãݷ쳤̾һĪаĪϷˣԺΪĪЧҪƴֵܶˡ
ĪаЦȻֻҪǾĽΪ£ôһж˵ƽʱҲֵƣǧҪʲô˼ͺá
˵Żҩݵݷ˵ǰεؽӹҩ裬̧ͷ̷ȥ
ݷҩ裬Īад󶨣ͷɲɲˣɲ򸾣ǰĶ࣬Ҳˣǲ̷ҩ裬ǱϣҲܼʥ£ͬǵٹ⡣
ɲɲ໥һۣȻĪа˵ÿ֪һѾûѡ
˵ĪаǸֲĶٰףݷˣҲǿԵֵġ
ɲ˵ͷȻͶĪаΰݣ
Ǵͷݷԥһ£ҲЩԸĶĪаΰݣ¼
ĪаǶ˵ı鿴ɫض԰޳޳ֵ֣ȥδأ
޳ʧȥһֱۣȫֹѪĪаĻϷҲûʲô뷨ˣȻת˹˵
˹ɽˮĵطʲôõģҿ㲻Ҳһҩ裬Ȼʥˡ
޳ɫһ䣺Ī򲻿ɣϷȥкܶҪҪ
Īаû˵껰ͷһҩݸ˶ٰףȥ
ٰ׽ҩ裬һ͵˰޳ǰһץס޳Ĳӣҩ͸
޳ʧȥһֱۣڶٰ׵ǰֱֿӾͱҩ衣
Īܡˣ
ĪаЦһͷ˿ݷˣλ֣Ҹ޳µҩ裬ǵһģֻҪҴӣͲˣڿԿ
˵ԺĪаһˣ
ЩˣȻĪаͻȻĵӡ
һĵֱ̰޳
޳ֿûһ£ͻȻѪ˵ڵأһغ
ţ忪ʼãɫѪҺ˳ȻѪħô죬ҳ̶Ҳһ㲻
Īаͷݷһֻۣ˶ɫףȻЩˡ
ʵĪаշ޳ҲĪаΪ޳ļֵˣɱ￴úõһݷˡ
ֻҪݷ˹ģô֮ϣûĪаĶˡ
ȻЧݷ˻һٶ꣬˭ϧԼǿɲͬ޳߲һȥڵǣ˹ԹԵĪаĻѾûѡ
µˣĪаӮҡ
ľЩҿܵÿ죬ȻҲ޷Īаơ
Īаݷ硢ơɲɲĴ֣жٰɱټˣطħ֮󣬱ؽϯ޵С
ĪаѾһͳӾҪˡ
ʦѽʦ㣬ϣܺΪ֮ǧҪͼҶԿڵ㣬δؾǶٰ׵Ķ֣ҹһӣ͸ûˡ
ĪаŵǶ磬Ҳ֮ϣΨһǶֵľֻжˡ
Ϊħ̽Ƕģ֮䣬ֻһս
ˣǸɣ
Īаһˡ
Ҳ̫ģ֮䲻ܺҲҪŬЩŮˡ
ĪаѾһƻѾģĸоԼĵӣԼעҪΪס


472 
Īа뿪˴֮غ󣬻Ԫĵ˽
ڵѪѾ𽥵ɢǼ̯ѪˮɸŻԪ棬﷽ŷ˶ôֲ顣
Ԫµؿ˿ʲôûˡ
ԶԶڱѩ֮п̽ڵڶٰյõУҳΪܵһ
ԪҲ˵Լһʲô飬û뵽Īаص֮󲻵˶ٰףҽݷȺҲ¡
ħ̣ضΪǿɣҪǿڵĺȡ
Լϵͳ֮һҪִµһڿ·ΪĪа
Щϼһһٶ궼͵أοĪаͲٻ궼û⡣
ܻôãԪɵȲôãָϵͳأĪаôڽϻȥʲôʱֵԼͷ
ѪħͼֱĪаݷ硢һˣԪõֱ졣
Ǵõĸ̨Ԫ룬һԾȥ
̨ķģܿȶһףȥҲûʲô˲ģôд֮أ
Ԫ治ĵĴôϣҵеܡ
£ͻȻоڸ̨ĵطƺЩգһæ̨ϵʯ
֮һɵѪӿ˳ɢڿС
Ԫͷһ澹ȻһССĿռ䣬ͬһСӡʯռ֮УһöĽָ
ԪɻһöŹֵĽָͼһ硣
ͼ·棬ɫģˮĸо
Ԫָ֣Щ޷⣬Ϊʲôˮأ
һûͷԪͽָռڣѾûĶҲ뿪

ʩչԪٶױȡʱҲõʲôˣһζĸ·
ֻԪ뿪·΢ƫһ㣬;׷ĪаЩˡȻĪаԼƺӡĪаѾһˣԪ沢档
ҪЩѩˣõı˷ˣʱ䡣Ԫ뿪˴ѩȣǴǰ
˳¡Ԫ̾ٻӥ
ӥ⸽õԪٻ̳
˽ӥıԪֱӷħ̳
û£ĺȥ
ѾʮѮĽβȥ˶ʮˣԪҪĽߣƣºĺ֮䣬ʲôҲüʱ
ȻĽ״ԼҲǺѵġ
˽գӥٴຣϿգĺڵС֮ϡ
Ԫ濴СߵͷͣһҴ󴬣ϴʱ򣬲ûм˴Ĵֻ
ҲǰˣԪҲ⣬ӥСıԵ䣬Ȼĺȥ
һĺЩŮǾͷ
ĽĺУĺڵĵǶкøУԪõһӭ˷ɿȥ氲ˡ
ԪûеȴֱȥĽķ䣬ļ
Ľķ䣬īڰĽԪ¶ϲ
ԪЦЦĽĴǰͷ˿
ĽɫһЩƽȣƺ˯һ
īʱΣ
ī֮ǰúܶˣһֱӣǿϧǲѣʦҪ˯ʲôʱȥѽ
һֱ˯ģһ
ڳȡݣԪģԺֻҪݳ֣κζԼԲҪͲ»ȡ
ҪƣҲչˣ鷳ī֪ͨʦ˵
ԪҲļ֣Īаħ̴Ȩұ֮ǰħ̸ǿ󣬿ҪڽȷѪ꣬ڽ⣬ҪȥãӦ֮ߣ
Ļû˵꣬ʹʦȲżߣҴһˡ
˵Ժ氲һɫȹ̬ǧ˽
ΪõĹϵԪ濴һ˿иУ˽Ԫ΢Цףƶɮˡ
īչ꣬ʦ
ԻԪʾ⣬ȻԪ沢ʲôˣҲþܾ氲Ľķ䡣
ʦȲżҴһˣһˡ
ԪڰһƮζͰú񣬳ҲһģһΨһͬģҲϡ
õţͬʳ˼̻ӣһݳϢһŮ˵ġ
ʲôˣƶɮ귵֡
ôҰ𣿡
˻Ԫһۣһ䣬ʱûԪЩ˼
оȣڿЦҲһûзִˣôڽҼνأĪǽ˭˳ˣҾ˱ˡ
Ļ˼˵ʲô߲ʲô
˵ԪȻҲҪװͿڴòǷУȥƶɮҲ࣬нҲ֮ԣ塣
ϰȴԪ棬Щصѵҿȥܴһ͸оǸ㡣
ȷʵСǿȥҲͶʮӣô˵Ҳ֡
ִǿͣⰲ᲻ˣԪ滹ûôתתʵƶɮҲʱĿڣʵʱͰ̸гء
Ԫ˵ʱһȫЦ֮⣬·ǷԷθ֮ԡ
ꡱһЦ˳ŻԪϹ˵ֲǲ֪Ҵͣг˻Ҳȥɡ
ԪЦЦҲٶ˵Ƕͷָ£һ㰢أаõĹϵڣԪҲԼԿ
򵥵仰˼Ĺϵ࣬ʱԻԪҽ£Ϊ˼ݣһҡײƭļһĺȥ
ҡײƭˣ
Ԫ˴󵨣Ȼƭͷˣ
Գ˵ĵӣ˵ҹԤ˽ƽٽ𣬱Ȳ뷨֪ͨ¸Ÿ׼
˵ĵӣ
ûȷʵ򵥣书ôһ쳣棬Ԥ׼ȷ飬ֻܶûˣЩ䵭ˡ
ԻԪһ䣬Ȼֵֻҿлǳ˵ҲΣ˵ʲô仯ʲôʲôǲǰ켣У˵Ϊĸı󣬿»оħ˵ⲻǺ˵˵ʲôȥ߰
˵ŻţԪȴȤ棿ǻҪʶʶˡ


473 ˫
ڰ£Ԫ߽ĺ
ǽλðڷżӣһˣͻԪæվ
ŻԪ߽˵λǺɽµһ䷽ɡ
˵ͷֶԻԪλǼ˫Ψһĵӡ
ԪǴʩȻӡ
ɫ׾縳룬ȥʮģһɫģЩ˵ʡ
Ԫ棬˫ǱȭʩȻҲ´˼ۻԪ棬Щصĳһ䷽ȻòףüĿ֮ɷϸѪζǸոմ֮ػɣ
Ԫʱһ£˵û治ԼոմɽѩڵҲûʱ
Ǿʱ紵Ԫ治һŵԼϵѪζǶûоô˫һ۾Ϳˡ
˻еŵ
Ԫ˵ͷӷ𣬼ۣƶɮĵطȷʵйһս
˫¶һ˿֮ɫ˰һۣĳȥһˣɷǷʲôĵ飿ɷüĳҲһ£
鲻˫ôһ˵ɫʱһ䣬Լ˫˵Ҫ˵ɡ
˫Цһ£ûм˵飬Ԫʾ⣬˶
Ӽ˫ŵĻԪһ˿٩֮⣬Щϲ˫ڲԹɫƺܴĦ˵Ǹбµģ԰˵ƺЩḡǾʶ
Ԫ濴˼˫һۣƶɮʲôҪ֪ͨϵĸŸɣƶɮҲһµķɣɷ֪һ
˫˵ͷ£½ɡǴηɿʼʼֻС˵һ䷽ǿͬ๵ͨˣű񼣣ڽ䶼Ϊ̸书Ҳͻͽһ书˵߶ȣʵѾǽٶˡ
˫˵꣬ҲˣԻԪֻꣿ
ԪﾪǻǶ԰ƶɮ书ڷ洫ڣһЩҲġ
ʱ˫ֵٶ֮죬˵ȫһ䷽һֽģݼĳ֪һ䷽ڷ¡ɡݡ¡ɽȡ
˫˵ٶȺܿ죬˵谭ûʲôͣ٣Ԫ¼һ׮׮һ˵˳ϳһû˵⣬˵ˡ
ԪԽԽ𺳣ĺܶڽ϶ʲôܵģǵһ֪Ȼ˽Щ⼸ǻԪһʷ
лᵽĽˣλʱİá
˰õ֣ʱһ㶣ǲġ
ĺشģһ굽ͷҲѵüһǰϢЩ緢֪Ĳࡣ
֮ǰһõĴţԪ涫ܵʱ֪һЩˣֻ֪Ĳࡣ
ٴúڳ飬Ȼ˫˵òϸҲðʲô
ɫζؿԪ棬ûԪ涼ЩҺͰӣֻǼ˫˵
˫ĽԪķչʷ˵һ飬ȻֵĳϻǲϸȻ֪һ䷽ɺͰҲʶ˴λȥ󣬻ҪһЩϢ
һֱ˫˵꣬ԪųһˣȻƶɮڽϵ鶼ƶɮԾС
һ䷽ɣһЩ֪㲻Щĵײʿ򽻵Ȼͻ֪ϾкܶרŵʿռϢģۣһЩرص⣬ܶ϶õ
ŶȻֶģ
ȻһЩ˷ĳҲһԱģǺųƽ½һЩرصϣռ
ƶɮһݹڰǰϣ֪Ƿṩأ
ȻṩܶϽĳϣǷôЩӼĳȥ£Ҫȫṩ㣬·;ϵķãҪɸˡ
Ԫ˵ͷⲻ⣬һҪϸ
ϸϣȥ½ԣϾͲϸˡ
Ա߽һ䡣
˵Ԫȷϣ˫ʶģҺڴ˵ӡ̫ãǹϵƺֲԶ
˵˻ֿ˻Ԫһۣû뵽лôܣǰϵģﻹжǴҲ֪أ
Ԫ֪ղڰõ飬ָûиȥ磬ǼԼ˫ƶɮ˵֪ͨɽƽٵ飬֪ʲôƽ٣ֵʦڡ
Ԫ⣬ȷй
û뵽ǸŵӣȻе϶飬Ϊ˫̥ã֪õƢġ
ҪôһӲ飬һһӣһΪԺ»ɵġ
ΪУ׹˷ⱲҲ޷ˡ
ѹ֡˼Ʈɣ뵽һЩ飬ûԪͼ˫˵
˫Ԫ淢ʣڵ˵غѽܡ
Ԫ΢ЦƶɮĲҿڣǽ㲻ܷ˵ˡ
Ԫ涼˵ˣ˫ӣɣҪи˼׼ĳ׸ʦѧϰȻ֪ܶ˲֪ĶǸ޷ĶҼĳ֪ǳȻ˵ܶظ˼ȽϹŰǿ϶ģԼĳһ˵ҪŲС
벻ţҲҪ˵źá
ڼ˫ĆԪ滹⣬ϾŴ֪Ϣ̫ˣһЩ鲻Ҳġ
ǺãȻ֪ĳ˵ˡ
˫豭Ʒһڣ˼ӣȻֿ˰һۡ
һۣŷְ⣬֪ЩʲôԼ̬ⷬϹӿˡ
عͷ˫ԻԪ棺żĳѾ˵һ飬ǰȴѽܼĳ뷨˼·Ϊĳں˵˵
˫˵һ£Ȼֵڼĳ˵֮ǰҪһ·ۡ
ƶɮۣ
Ԫɻص֮ƶɮûʲôԼۡ
û˵ʲôۣۣһȷŵģΪЩˣЩΪˣôΪġ
˶ôΪǴģƶɮҪһĸˡ
ˣĳҪģǳһƶģĳ˵Ļ𣿡


474 
Ԫû뵽˫˵˰ķϻȻԼǳƶġ
黹ңϵ̫ǲᶯİɡ
Ļո˵꣬Ԫ滹û˵ͻȻعԱ߽һ䣺ĪҪǵСˣ˭֪̫糿ӶȻȥ̫ɽˣͳˣ㲻˵ѵǾͲ֪𣿡
䣬˫ЩϹҲסҲ֪ԼĻЩﲡæ˵òָ̫Ҫǵģǡ
Ԫʱ˼˫һ䣺˵ǣЩĶ𣿡
ȻҪǵģЩʵҲڶ
ҲţЩǻᶯûǶ
ٴ˵һ䣬ż˫Ļ
ԪʱЦˣΪҪ˵ʲôԭǸǻᶯЩǺǣǲᶯġ
ǻԪʱҲ⣬ʼ˫ƶɮҲ֪һЩǻᶯͼҪ˵Ļʲôأ
˫ԪȻҲ֪һЩǻᶯԭҲ֪£Ǻܶ໰˵ͼ򵥶ˡ
뷴˫ԪҲ˵ЩǻᶯҲǸо棬Ͳ˵Աš
˫ɿ֪֮֮ǣ
֪ľˮ
˫һ£û뵽˼򵥵ľ˵ˡ
ԪҲ˵ãΪʱѧǿհףҲ֪û˸̫ϵǸϱ֪ôһ˵ǿ˫ӣȻԼ˵ˣʱԪеˡ
˫ҲͦбµģȻ֪֮л⼸ǡ
˫Щʵô֪нľˮ֮ǵģ
ûȻԪش𡣰Ц㶼˵֮ˣȻǽľˮˡ
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ԪоЦҲûͣʼ˫֪֮
˫Щص˵ûУ
Ԫ룬˵˵֮װɡ
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˫ֵÿһε飬֮ףû֮ϵǣ밴ǼȶĹǰƫ˳Ӧ⣬ƫͻѷ
˵ãǹ֮ɡ
ֽ֮ռ֮֮ĳʦڣо˵꣬Ҳ֪Ƥëѡ
˫ǰ縺룬ҡͷԵ˵˼䣬ȻֵѾʮֺĳͻСҲ۹ۿʦۼ֤ġ
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Ҳ
˫˰֣ȷʵҪйŹַǣ顣
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˫ͻȻ̽ͷ˻ԪͰߣѹɤѣ飬ǡ飡ǲ飡
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ʦ˵֮ϣΪɼ⣬⻹кüǣƽʱģоͰĳʲ˵֮ǡǿγ飬ϵ£߿ˣ߿һĻǾ飬ǧ궼ѵһʦ˵ǱӦûлһġ
ûһ𣬵л𣿡
Ӧһ߿ǣҪĳЩӰһˣǼΥȻɣΥ⣬һҪдѷˣʦʮǰͷһ㣬ЩӲо顣
ҼǵҸոѧгɳɽʱȷʵڽǺܿ伣ˣʱ䣬ȷʵʮˡ
ǵģǸʱʦǶרĵо飬ʮع۲죬ʦóһۡ
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˫룬һ˼·ƺ˼ô˵кͰܡ
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˫ҡҡͷ޷Ʋ⣬ǿԿ϶ǣһ飬赲̫һƬ谵ʦ˵߿ǵۼôĳЩı䣬ָı䣬֮ϣġ
һ£˫ֵҲ˵Ҫһ
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˫ҡҡͷ˭֪ǿԿ϶ģһǼΪΪǿˣһ¼Ҳûκֹܹˡ
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˵Ϊǿˣ˶֮⣬벻벻ѽѾµһˣҪŪʲôذǻǵĹڳҲûƵ
ҲΪʲôӰǣʲôǿɣ˵ǲôף㲻
ɣ˫ҵ˸񣬵㲻ʦĻⷬʦҵģ֪ͨɵģ
֪ͨʲôʱ𣿡
һ꣬ꡣ
мصɣʦԼȷôĻ
ʦôҵģʦ˵ٽҵӦԽˣϵ˶á
ʦʲôطΪʲôԳ˵
˫ֵȣҡҲ֪ʦʲôطǷɸ봫ҵġ
ؿ˼˫һۣȻǶĻһ㶼ûš
˫ҲԼĻƺȱһ˵ֲʦ˵ˣѲǳǶ
⻰̲סЦϺͶûпأټô϶һġ
˫ƺЩ԰ʱɴ಻Ͱ˵ˣתͷԻԪɣ಻˵Ļ
Ԫʱ΢΢ҡͷʩ˵Ļ֮ίʵš
˫Ҳ֪Լ˵еնû˵ǿԼţʵʦ˵˺ܶ࣬롭Ŷˣʦ˵Ӧٵ֣оӦٵƺ硣
˫Ļ̲סڳ⻰˵þˣģģѵ磬粻ɣ
ǻڼţǻԪȴѾ˾κˡ
ˡҲ


475 
˫˵ⷬԺ󣬹۲ԪͰɫΪ˵ĻȷʵЩ߶˺˵ԺԼš
Լŵ飬ôָ˵ء
ԪʱվԼ˫ʩ˵Ļίʵţ֮У©Ķ࣬㻹ǽʦҳ˵һЩ
˫صǲ֪飬δؾͲʵģҵĻʲô©
ԪЦ˵ǿǵģ㲻֪ǽ²ŵĴأҲһǣ㿴ʱʵǸʱ򣬼ǽµǣһǰ˿ǣ˵ǲڵġ
ԪĻ˫ʱЦ˳ں˵ǽµĴʲôʱˣ
˫ţҲš
ԪЦ㣬С֮ϣĴȿأȿ
ڵ⻹˵𣬵Ȼȿˡ
Ȼȿƽģѵ⴬ǴˮĲ𣿡
ԪĻ˫Ͱˣһʱ˳˼֮С
Ǽ˫ǿһЩ̽ŵѵ˵ǽµĴأʵҲһԲ򣿡
ǽµĴҲһԲܽΪʲôˮԶȿ󿴵ġ˵㿴飬ס̫ʱǸʱʵǰ顣
˫û˵ۣǱ߳˼һЩԥصһ£ĳҲ˵¡¡
Ԫʱʩ֪飬Ҳ֪ʵǸô֪֮гȥľˮ֮⣬ڤ֮𣿡
˫ԥصǣʦʦҲ۹۲쵽ƺҲǴӹŴͼ֮Ͽءڤ֮ǣǴδ˵
Ȼ˫û˵Ѿ˻ԪĻΪͨôҲſڿӵľ˵ͺ֮ǡ
֪ǣôĿͻһСƬǿ֮ڣؿ϶֪ڶôˣҲװװǸʲôˣӲ˵ڤŴʱܲסˣ٪޼ʱҲˣʵһӱˡ
Ԫһͬһ˫һʱʵƿԡ
ð죬˫첱ӴֵصҸʦѧҲŲʮ꣬һЩʦˣ϶ܺ۵ġ
ԪЦʩ˻Ͳʵˣʦʲôط֪ôܺȡϵĪҪƭƶɮˣⲻ֪˵ˣҪ׹𡣡
һԪ˵˫һվַɣĪҪȻĳ֪ʦʲôطʦʱ϶Ҫҷɸ봫ģʱҿĸӸţȥ£Ի㣬ʶʲôˣ졣
ƶɮһص
ԪŻףĿЦЦڼ˫ȴ˵Ŀɶ񣬱ѧʶˣü˫鼫˿Ҳļĺ󣬶԰ȭȥ
ԪһֱĿͼ˫ߵſڣͻȻ˫ͣ˽ŲŻԪУҲɹģҿǺӱأ
ƶɮθ֮ԣ
˫Ŷȥˡ
˫ԶˣŶԻԪǵģΪʲôҪ˵ô಻ű߼ʵأ˶ˡ
ƶɮ˵þʵ飬ֻˣƶɮ˵ֻԶǸˣ
Ҳá
һ£ͻȻֵ˵ʵ飬Ҳ˵˼Ǻӱѽ
ԪʱǧȷĪҪɣĶٱǰȣһһֻӡ
мƲƲ죺Ҫô˵ǰǲһֻѽ
Ҳһֻӡ
ʱüݺݵضŻԪ棺ҿ˫˵ûǺӱá
һģһģǧǰҶǺӣֻеĺǺͳ˻ʵۡеĺӺǿ׳ͳ˽еĺӰë˺СһЩƯĸͳ˰˶
ŵҲﲻסЦ⣬ȥģĸ
ԪЦ԰˫ԣδؾûеһ£ΪģҪڴ̽Ϣһ˿һҪ׷鵽סҪǶıǶת˸ҳΣҲҪֹķ
˫˵˵Ӧٵ˲ˣʵԪѾ˸߰˰ˡ
ԼзϵͳĶôָĹ֮Ҳʲô˵ġ
ֻ˫ıޣΪſ񣬺ֽҲֽ̲̫ණֱӽ˸ҳŪס
ԪûȻܽԼƲ࣬һûԪ治òš
ʹĸ֣ÿҲûŪԪĵϸһԶߵϼһȻˣûԪܲ׷鵽ס
ȻԪ汾һ²һµģҪ˵ĻֻԼҪϵͳ⣬˵ҪӦһεĽ
ȷʵЩţʲôȻǶй켣仯ڻԪ֪ϱӿƼչǸ̶ȣҲûһ㡣
Ԫ˵꣬Ҳ˵ͷǺãԺһעⷽϢĺش֮ڣ滷ˮʹĴҲûʲôЧ
ԪҲͷ²ܽϣڰϣص㻹Ӧֵָ
˵ʱһ䣬Ԫ׼ȥĽ뿪
ҲԪվͻȻһ䣺ɣ֮䡭
ԪŲһ٣ƶɮ֮䣬ͬƶɮ֮һ
Ĳ࣬ǸۣǧĪҪ
˵һ䣬̾ϢһϧǸУ벻Ҳˡ
ÿһ뵽⣬ԪЩᣬһԶ޷رܵʵ⣬ҪԵġ
˵ɣҲкܶԼȥ⿪
ģΪнİ취ġ
Ԫ˵һ䣬ȥĽķ䡣
ַ֪ҪĽ꣬īѾĽ껻·ϴɾҲʰˡ
ԪԺһж׼׵
īҪĽ뿪ȴĽ˹ɡ
ڻԪ󣬰Ľ뿪˷䣬ûĺ˸棬һֱȥ
˰Ժ󣬽Ľ꽻˻Ԫ棬ҲҪúƴ¶ˣչҲǺܷ㣬ҽ齻ЩӾȥרչꡣ
Ԫ潫Ľ걧Ȼкӥն£԰ܷľǣҲ֣չꡣ
ʱ˻ԪһۣһУ˶ĺ֪òֵ
ԪεЦһ£׻˵ŹֻԵܶ飬˵˵ġ
ԪΣЦЦףԻ˵Щ߰ɣѾͨˣĪҪ䴵约


476 Ƥ
Ԫ汧ĽĽӥ·ȥ
Ľһͨˣûһһֱڳ˯״̬ԪʮֵСģ䱧סԺվͿ˽֡
ڽֵ£֮е紵ܷ纮
ຣϵľ˵ԶԶ˵ԪصϿյʱѾҹˡ
ûĽȥԺϾǺܷ㣬ǴĽֱǰɽ
Īаʥ̣ǻûпʼĹԽĲϢҲܴݵô죬޲Ȼס£ԪȽĽ꽻Ƕչˡ
˺ɽ֮ϣԪеظܵ˴ʥţħѻԼһϲ
ڣɽܹЩǻԪΪʵĻ飬ֻԪûôʱ侭Ǿˡ
ЩǴкӥֱӷɵŮǰԪĽ
ýŲһЩԪߵſڣ޲µ˭棿
£ҡ
Ԫǵǰһ㲢Գƶɮ໥֮Ĺϵ׽ԳƶɮαɣҲﲻ
޲º˶ǵͺһ⻹ǻԪһҹǣǰûйľ
޲ЩصҪʲôѽҺˡ
ЩŰɣ䣬һҪչ˵ˡ
ԪЩУ޲Ҳ˲ˣɴӴһԾ£˼¾͸Ԫš
ԪͽڣҲûôֱ࣬Ӿͽ˶Ϣķ䡣
ո߽䣬Ԫʱǰһ
ոմӴæҵĴ·Ԫô죬ֽһţúõ·ȻֻһĶǶŵϽתȴ覵ı¶˻Ԫ档
۾
ѪһҲҶ
úãء
Ԫ汧ĽҲתֻøѾˡ
޲ʱӺûԪÿһЩҪȥԪԱһ¡
ææĴһ£ȻͻȻͷ˻ԪһֻۣԪȻֻһֻ۾
㡭ô
ԪЦⲻǲҪȥҲûа취ֻһ۱һ۵ȥˡģ㴩Ժ֮󡣡
Ϊ֮ᣬҲ֪˵Ǽ١
ǼѾҪˣΪĿ̾ͱԪ汧ŵסˡ
а˫ڽ֮ϺĽ໥֮䲢ûмĽ꣬̾;ŮӺƯ
ĵһо޲µĵһоȴǣˣһ
˵Ŀⶼ䵽˻Ԫϣ޲µԪ棬Ů˭
ҲͶеĿ⣬Ŀﻹһ˿ǡ
ģеϣŮĳǶϡͿĸˣȻʱ³ҲΪԼⱲӻһĿܣ磬ҲŮ˵ļģġ
ԪЩ鵱Ȼ֪ʱҲֻܺʵʵ˵صĽꡣ
ԭĽ꣬ôˣ
Щ棬ԭǺĽ꣬Ϊʲôӣ
ԪǽĽ£ǶסĵطСĸ˺ѹ
ۿĽǺܺãҲ˲ѯʣæ޲°æʰطĽɺá
æһ󣬶õĲˣԪ㴭˿ĽȶŶ޲µ£ЪЪҺ̸һЩ顣
󣬻Ԫ潫Ľ˵һȻǱؾᣬҪ˵ڳ˵飬ȻָǣĽʱˣԼҵݡ
ĽȥΪԪ浲ЩݣڸΪ飬ȫɢͨˣпԶˣøḻۿʪʪġ
˿ڴϣһĽ꣬ٿ˿Ԫ棬Ԫ棬ĺˣֻҪҺͲ½㻹һչ˺꣬Բί
޲죬˿վû˵ԻԪͷûʲôҪǱͺá
½㣬ôء
Щֵİ޲һۣȻԻԪγȥôãʲô𣿡
Ԫ룬ˣ˽ܹЩӣͻǻʥˡ
Ϊ˵Щ˻ǳĵġǶȻҲϲı飬ȴûлԪеôˡ
ֻǿʼʱȽϸˣȻصģ
˺һŶԻԪ֪ˣҲûȥ˰ɣ㡣
Ԫ潫øǵ鶼˵ˣҲһֱ˼ŮҵĹ뷿ͷӦҪ뿪䡣
ǸոҪ뿪޲ͻȻףĽôЩ
Ԫһæץһ鿴ŷĽڵĻȻзļ
ջԪĹƣԼǴƴܼһ£ǵڲŶʮոչȥȻٴηˡ
⻨֮ĻҪһЩԪ漱æ޲½ĽҪʼĽ
һ£·ЧͺܲˣԪʱҲ˲࣬Ľ³ȥֻǶϣȻһְĽСǰһְʵǰأʼء
˹𣬻ԪܿоһĽ֮ϴλҪһЩڻžܣٶȼӿˡ
תʼĽƣһΣķʱĽȶһЩ
˵һλԪƣоԼܼһ£ôһθоϣҲֶܼʮѡ
ʵϣһξ߰ƫôܿһ棬ְֻܼ¶ѡ
ԪﵣǣҲȥظĽ
ʱѾҪˣԪǽĽƽôҶϢϢϾʱȥѾǽҹˣһֱŵҲˡ
ûԪоҵǣ޲¶һֱû˵ʲôϾԼĽˣ໥֮Ѿˣֳܲģͺѵá
Ҳ˿棬īХԥĶԻԪ˵һ䣺㡭Ҫٻȥɣ
ԪȷʵܲĽ꣬Ҳ˼סǵķ䣬ԥһ£ðɡ
޲ЦһˣͲҪװˣҲģ㲻£¾ҪĽȥˣء
ԪЦһ£ˣҲȥҲ˯˯˵˵ܿˣˣûҾߡ
ǵģȻԸⲻ˯ǾͲ˯ɣи
޲һ䣬ȻתĶ˵һʲôǵһ˼¡
ԪĶģԼ޲˵СӡʲôĻ
ڴߣﲢŵɫĴ˶ԪʹľһҲ̲סһڿˮԼ˼ϴ˯Щڡ
ǻѾڣҲղˣԪֻûһصҪҸǽ°ɣһĵʱ䡣
ʲô£ǺСõĹ𣿡޲µЦ˵š
Ԫҡҡͷµ֣Ƥ


477 ɽ
ԪִűЩŴԨĶ֪ʶһԪһֱΪһ˵ҡ
ʵóģ书ҲǷ𷨣Ƥӡ
ѧʱܽһ򵥵ŪһֵĹ˵鲢ï
£Ǹ֮е֡
ѧʱŻŮ޲ˣս޲ʤʲô͵ŮԪ涼ܽŵû겻塣
Ǻ֮ҹХīǽµʱ
ϵŮӣĽˣ޲¶õԪҲҪŻŻǣȻҹ˯ˣԼһţΪðϣǶôߵ鰡
֪ʶԪǵģûμǵĹ£Ҳû壬ĴûУȻҲûի
ոսֵʱ򣬻Ԫ͵Ϊ˾ǷֹַֻչĿˣֽ׬Ǯ¶ԪͷˣЧ̫͡
û뵽زپҵյıóԪе˷ܡ
˷ܣ޲ºγЩ˷ء
Ƕ֮䣬ʲôһ㶼޲³ͷ˵ĬĬĬĬؿ
Ƕ˵Ѿ˻ԪӰӡҹĹһңڴ˯ûԪţ˯ţ˵˵Ůҵ棬
ڻԪϽ£Ȼٺòˣ˶
µЩ֣ƤѵһҵĹƺЩζ
һյƵ͵˸ѾûжٵˣͬէէǶţҲûȥӵͣԪȻȥˣʱҪƹʲôϺãХķ죬͵ƾǵƹ⡣
Ԫ̽һĽ꣬ƽȣʱ£ɴ޲¶˵ߡ
ͷ˿£˱ǣǶ˶תſڱ棬¶С˫ĿԼûԪ΢΢Щġ
ĶȤζռϷ硣Ԫģһһ峿У·;һŮӣŮĳ㣬߻
ȵ𣿡޲ͻȻԱ˵һ䡣
Ԫһ£ҪңȻǱȲˣǱȲǺӦõİɡ
Цü۶ģѵõûֵķԪĻڰһЩԴ󵨵ؿˣѺһůĸ壬ĺů
ٴθ޲²ҪԼԪŮò̲סȥΪʲôһߣ˵·ˣ磬αضʡ˵ǳ˵ҲΪЧ͡Ůɫҵشĸ̰ƣ̣ŷǳʼɣǴʵܲȥԳߡ
Ԫ˵һ£ǣŮ˲ܼ̫ǿȻǴ̳ӡ
һ޲ֵصЩɣŲǴ̳ӡ
糺죬ǲ˵ؿŻԪ档
ԪЦЦ뿪ʼֻȥţͲˡ
ȻĹؾͳй
ȻǶ˶ϰгɵģ޲¸ѵõشﵽڣǱϾŮӣЩħֵ鱾ǺµģţŷֻԪ潲һ¡
ʱ˶Щɫףץűӵֶڲ֪սˡ
ΪԪ潲Ҳ̫һЩǸŮȻǹһƤҪĸΣߵƹ谵⺮ХԪӰӺԶǽ˸ţЩצζ
ԪҲ֪ôŪģ𽥵ظоЩƮˡ
˴⣬ĵءĵڹۿֻ棬ǸŮӡǸŮŮӣϳƤϣӼһŵƤѽ涼ѪѪھ׽ģ˵ģ
ԪͻȻ˰˶ȣεͻȻÿֲ⣬ȫѪɫڱزСֶĵ˳ȥƺץס޲µ֡
޲µҲûõȥͬɫ԰ףһֻҲ׼ĵȥ֣໥οܻöһЩ
ǻԪ׼ĵ˫֣Ϊڹ߻谵յ͵һʱҪȥļƣҲûпס˻Ԫһֻֻ֪
ʱ򣬻ԪҲǶмλãľܽ
µڻڷչԪƤŮתֱŮӵģŵתܣҵϵʿҪ˷ڼǰ
ǵСץŻԪģԪظоĵĺˮ
ˣһϣķХţѩ׷ɣµĴڷ棬ڵ͵ƻ谵ʱҪϨӣͺյһ
ŻԪĻ޲µĿ̲סڵ͵ƿȥ
ĳǺưͬǶ죬ͬĺХͬĵƹ谵òᡭò鷢ɣ
֪ԪΪӪֲգѾԭĻƤ۸һ֣Ϊ˺ڵ龰
Ѫͷſڵķҵػ˻ΣƺҪֵסǰˣ
ڵƹٴα䰵ʱҪϨˡ
Ԫһֱضյ͵ƣʱҪˣµĸ߳Ҫˡ
޲µЩ̲סĵסɣϵЩе𣿡
Ҳţڱǳǳĵӡ
Ԫʱٴҡ˼£ڱŪʧȥģһ

ԪҲϵطһУȻ󣬵κνµĻһп˶¡
˵ľԪԵظоһҵزһ£Ͳ԰׵һ̸ɫ
ĺУǻ谵͵ƣһ˲ͻȻˣ˽
Ԫ˵ڵ͵ƾȻûϵϨżɴһ˳ȥֱӽյ͵ƸϨ
ǿһܽ͵ƴ޲¶˶ûзֻԪ˵ˣڵ͵ľˣʱͬʱһС
һ̵ĿֲϢ̫ŨǶ˶öԷܴԼȫˣΪڰ˭˭һԪһһ¡
оķԻԪ棬ŵû겻޲Ҳ˲࣬ͬʱԾ˳һԪȥ
ԪҲû뵽ЧȻôǿֻſ˫ۣһһңĽ굽˻ԪĻ
Ԫоʱϻһ˿ˮСӣȻſˡ
ĻˣλˣԪﰵԹκ鶼ˣԹҲûˡ
һһıסǵļ򣬻Ԫ²£жٹǶܽɵ
ʱ򣬻彩Ӳһ£ʶȻ굽Ļ
ȷʵµҪһڣ˭Ҳ˭ڰȻߣǻܼ֣ŮӶſڻԪĻУû뿪˼


478 Ĺ,仨ʥĸ
ĪаûͬԪһսȨϯɽħ̶쳣ƽܶ˸֪ĪаѾ˽
ǻԪףĪаɷѿĵĶؽ֮λԲôϢĵĴţ˵Ұ֮󣬴־ԽͿɼһߡ
Ҳħ̵ڲҲǻвûдã֮ƽӲһֱȥġ
Ϊ˵õʱ
Ԫ֪ԼһҪִµһģһ컹Īаϣ֮ǰֺħ̲ˡ
ĽԺ󣬻ԪͿʼٴͶȫĵ֮С
ֵطչͷãûеˣƽʱûԪģһж˹ɮǸ˾ְɣûɵ
ԪڵҪ񣬾ߣٽ
ȻѧϰǴ󷨣˱ڤʥѧϰ˺ƣ⼸ѧǲóõġ
ͺԪ滯ױԺʹɫԵ书һȥαװ֮Ҳʹ÷ֵѧ
ϾΪɣҪģͷãһΪء
ʮѮչͻص֣һֱʮĩ˵һȥһҹ֮⣬Ԫû뿪Ժ
ӽʮ첻߲ݵûԪڹٴһĽ
ڵţѾﵽһĵֱ
ԪȫͯӹΪڤ񹦵ĽɶֵĹȥͽ˼õͯӹ棬Щ֮ͯӹڵڵص·Ѿһ롣
ԪƣڱڤͻƵ£Լڵֱﵽһʱ򣬾Լͯӹڵʱ
ĿûԪ漸顣ֱʮ¶ʮʱ򣬻ԪֹͣΪһϢ

ˡ
Ǳ߶ʲôˣԶͳ͢սһʱˣ͢Ҳһֱû취˫սýƣ޾ս̶ôҶĹ顣
Ԫ˻ʵԺҲûŤתֲ档Ϊ䣬ҶΪⳡսڶ֮ǰǲˣԸʲô޾ɵģŶôҶЪһЪ
Ŵսһ㵽˶ԶսΪ캮䡢·Уڲѣһѩսʿȱ·ʳ׶ڻĽҰ⣬˵ˡ
Ԫ˶Ϊ֮ǰǲнˣֻеȵ괺ůƽϡ
ˣѩˣ˫Զսˣ͢ҲԶֹͣפںΨһڳ͢ƵĳУݳڡ
ʼʱ򣬳͢ӻԶľ͵ϮʱһƣⶼʮµˣۿһˣǾͶû˾֮ġ
ԶƫƫţʮʮյʱǲҹϮݳǣͳڵϸӦϣһٹݣ͢ʮȫߡ
ЩڱӪ棬֪ͨɨѩҶڻɲݣѩɨˣҹͱ˷Żˡ
ûлѩ𣬶ҵǸɲݣ𺣣ΨһĳǱоεİأһЩֵָĴ´ɱ¾Сʱʱ䣬ڴ͵˾ǧʬ塣
ĳ͢в¼嵹꣬͵ͶԶӵࡣ
ʮսˣͶһЩ˻߲֪ա
˾֮Զ̻ӾðŷѩǰŻƺĴƬȫ£͢ؾĻɢһգƺĵҲûʢƵһأҲûʢƵһؾ
ԶڴڹҲ³һΪģΪޣݡ
ĵĵ򣬼൱ڰʢˣڵݡݡɳ޵ȵȴв˵һһЩСͳǰ
ƺӷߣʢƺʹĵķֽ磬͢ʧںǧｭɽոΨԶľӳɱƺӣвݵİȫͽݱǰߣغӽ̨ػƺӡ
ԶľӲûɱƺӣ֪͢ڸɱոݣҲƺӷߡ
˫أƺ˱߽磬ӶεľѾγɡ
ȵȥ˭Է¶һ
£ԭʢƵģԶ֮ɳޡݺ͸ݵȵؾͶʢˣΨݻڳ͢
ɺãԲĴúɽΪһң͢ľӾȻɱƺӣЩøոյǻΪ۵Ԫͷö

Ϣԭ¡
ԪһȽϹĹҵ飬Ƕ飬ܣҲûȥܣ˾͸и˵ӣ仹ǳˡ
һϢ˻Ԫע⡣
Ǿһս棬Զӷ³͢ӵĽˡ
ʱĳھǾӪţĵطѾ˻𺣡
ΪԶҲҪԼһͨûл
žͳΨһţҪ֪ʮ׼ľӣʲôס
飬ڻԪ濴ǲġ
ʵǳ͢ʮûгȥΪԶڳﲼͶʯԼϰһһȺ˲С
ʱָӳ͢ӳģʢƵ˧ŷŷոںһðͷһѷɵͷԽǧֱӽŷһɱ
˧һٸΪսµľʿҳ棬͸Զӻᡣ
ȻϢǺϸǻԪȫһս֮УЩ˶ôҪá
˵ʼɱʢ˧һ˼ǾԵá
˧ûĻԶľδؾܷµסΪʱΪҹϮԶľӽǵĻˣǾôǧˣӲ˰ʱ׵ȵԮص׶˳͢ˡ
ʱ͢ӳˣԶľˣôݾͲᶪʧ֯һоͶһˡ
һڻԪ濴Ϊؼһ
ŷΪ˷ǳСĽԼıʲôأʱԶԶָӣȻһɱɼֵˣһ֣Ԫƣһڵĸ֡
ڻԪ²ǲϴμǸʹ÷ɵӵʱһϢ
ǴļǻĻʵԶ仨Ϊ̣Ǵĵ۹񣬲ɡ
仨̵ĽǱԶ׿ڲΪ仨ʥĸСϢƣԶ˵ֻҪ仨ʥĸԸ⣬Ļʺλʱġ
Ԫ֮ǰû˵仨̣ηô飬Ҳ뵽˺ܶණ
ԣʹ÷ɵĽǳ仨̣սԶ۹ͣ仨̶Ϊ̡
仨ʥĸ˭أʹ÷ɵ໨
໨ĻôȥѰĶôˣ
뵽ԪͻȻоһļ£磬ΪʲôûϢ


479 ̻
Ԫ滹ǵãߵʱԼ˳Ļ¾ܻ
ߵʱʮ³ѾʮѮСˡ
ǵʱ򣬶绹ûκεϢⲻܲûԪ浣ġ
ĵʥĸ໨ĻôĶ粻֪ܲΪȥѰ໨ġ
ˣ粻һϢòԼ¶õϢˡ
ҶԲֽӵ汾֮£ʲôù
仨ʥĸ໨ôпܣѾͶˣ֮䣬пѾ֡
Ƕûл໨˴ĵʥĸ
ǵö˵໨书ǺǿֵĻԲǶĶ֣ΨһĳҲǿ㣬һ
һ뵽СɵԣԪͷϵĺͻȻ
Ǻ໨սʤҲһ˲䣬һʤ㲻һ
Ԫԭƽ֮һҲ޷
ϺԶһЩǱѾ췭ظı仯ԼȴֻΪؿţš
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ѵҪӥٷһ
ΪѵʱԪ˵һˡ
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ԪŨ裬䣬ȵȲ軹Ǹоġ
һڣԻԪȻļ豭˹ĿںţͻԪ۲⡣
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һ˵ԪЩ⣺Ŷʦ˵˼ǣ
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ոմԽʱ򣬻ԪΪԼԭΪֵӳܷҽһЩаԼȵȶ⣬治̫
ˣͺͷ޵ıⱳˡ
Уǲֻ̫ǷţҪɮǼص磬ҳԿ͵ľȥŵóá
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ܹͬԿУܲС
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Ԫһǲûʣȴһƽ˵ꡣ
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һ㣬ǰȥԣȥ֮ĿĺڣĿȥҪһȶ·
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ҲǹǰȥһţǿɮǰǲܵģҪصЩոİͼõĵطЩطİأôѹԷɾܷľˡ
Ԫ滹ЩģһƵУЩԶͳΣ
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ĻһҪȻûȷĿģҲûصĿꡣ
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˵Ԫֿɮǰ򣬿ҪעĲԶľӣ仨̡
һص޷ʦôҲﵽڶ壬ҲѾɣֻҪǽˣҾͲ鷳ҲҪҵͬͬ⡣
Ԫû֯һӿɮǰ򣬻Ǹ⡣
ֻһƴӵģԪ滹ǲ̫ģԼǰȥһЩ
д˼ƻҲʵУΪСˣҪ齱ʮµĳ齱Լڵĳ齱ҪˣȹȥһβС


480 С齱
Ȼ仨̵飬ǻԪԭϻͬһƵģǰԣǱҪŪðʧǰ
Ԫ˼ص㣬ǹҳǰЩ˴ģо仨̵飬ܵ򣬴仨סֽš
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С꣬ϵͳʱߵʮ㡣
С굽һγȡᣬǷгȡ
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ٳȡֵԲ˭Ҳܴơ
ٳȡϴ辭ԼѸһЩ
أҪղأԪܿա
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ϵͳôôˣԪԼã鲻Ӧôãϵͳ˵ˣǾͿ϶ģԪҲ
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ԪһȻǲһˣϵͳת̱ǰС˺üȦʮֻʣʮˡ
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ΪֻҪҵȫİ˸֮ٶȾͿԴﵽʮ˱һϴ辭ˡ
׽ҪϴС
˵׽֮ԪǸСˣôϴ辭Ԫ治ٴθƣٶȾͲˣֻˡ
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ҺǸĽڣԪ滹
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ǹһȥԪ֪ˣԼǺת̵ĴСǰӦüźڵĲࡣ
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ϵͳͣ˴Լʮӣ˲νϣΪǧ˲Σһγȡʼڶγȡ
Ԫͣһ仰û˵ԭϵͳ⽱˲Ϊǧ˲Ρ
죡òŪ˲˰ɣ


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ѣܳȡ𣿻ԪûκΰգϾϵͳʲôƷǲƵġ


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Ԫʱ˰֣˴ͲЩСϣǱ˭Ӵǲǵ⣬Ҳǻ鲻ѡ
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Ԫϲɫȴ˶䣬ΪҲ֪顣
Ǹʼ˾С˵˼䣬ǵӹﵽڣ޷˵ʲô
˵ʲô
Ǹ˵˵䵱Ӽ֮λҪȥҪ磬ȥδǰ¶¶ָͷ
ʲô
ԪʱһôҪ
˵ôҲֵӰΪλãԪΪԲȾָϵԼϵͳ֮һ
˵绹ڣǶ粻ˣԼӣ书ĻҲἵɶӱȽϺһЩʲôʱӵķݶˡ
ҶͻԲû˵ȥλãʲô˸Ҵ⣿
ǲˣǻԪѾԼãֻȹ꣬³ѡʱ򣬶ͻԪȡ֮λ
ΪֻеѡǸʱΣ˳˭Ҳ˵ʲô
ԻԪܷģֻҪжڣλþ;Բˡ
Ƕ粻ˣ˲пܷʡ
һ뵽ԪʱоĪǶĳˣ
ģԲûô׳ģ֮ϣ˶ʧħ⣬ûǶĶ֡
ǡʹ÷ɵ໨ҲԲأ
ԪԽԽľæԶǸ˻˵ʲô
Զ룺Ǹ˻˵˼仰˼˵ɽǰ䵱ˣΪ˰ȡ֮λ˵
˵ʲô㾡˵޷
Ǹ˻˵˵ҶʦѾˣɽѾ֤ʵ飬ӲŸҷĵ׼Ϊ̫£Բû档
ʲôˣ
Ԫһ£оǰЩڡ
ԶҲŷɣ֪ƺͶʦĹϵܺã˵ʦˣ֪ɻкηӦ
ǻԪûж۾Զһۣڵҥԣš


483 굽
Ԫ˵ѶûбֳʲôǼԶѯһЩ
žˣԶ˵ɽ˴Ϣ˵ǶѾ򣬾û˵
Ϣƺõ˵ȷϣӲŸλá
ϢѾˣΪһεսڲʧҲСηӣѾԪϼˡ
ɽȡ֮λЩʹĽһ׷ӿ£
ԭͺͶ罻õ֣ΪΪ˱֮Ļ
˭֪ڶʵòͷװӣ񶫷ˣӿ϶µˣոյһû£ֻò˶þҪڳˡ
һᱨѩܣ˳ġ
ȻЩ鶼ǻԪˣԶĻûôϸ
֪Щ飬ԪԶ˵˼仰Ȼתߡ
һֱص˷ԺڣԪЩ˼α
ȡùϣɼʵĿԺܴˡ
񶫷Ѿȥ£ûһϢ򼴽ҪĹˣܿܶĳ໨仨̵Ľ
໨һûУûϢִѶԪֹۣһҲЩҡˡ
УҲܼȴˡ
Ԫ滺վ޷ܶʵҪȥѰ࣬Ͼ˵ˣôģ˭ɱЩûͷȷһ˾ˣҪȥ
˷ô¡ԼΪһɵˣȻûеõһϢЩҲֵ̫¶ˡ
ȥ黹ʵΪز죬ͷ
ҪȥھȥȣǸֻҲһֱ䵱ɽϣҪˣҪȥġ
۶ǲˣԪ涼ӽġ
ȻɽˣǻԪ沢¡
ɽЩ˻ԪٰȻԲ־ʧֻѾΪĪаڣᵥִġ
ĪаΪӦҲˣܿݷֵܣɲ򸾡
ԶĻһˣôԪΪݷƵĿԴһЩ
еĵһˣԪΪԼûһս֮
ôõԪͯӹѾԶˣ½ѧ㣬ѧ˷㣬ؼʱ̻Ǵ󷨺ͺƵɱδؾݷĶ¾Ž
ǻԪһβһǰȥˣѾ˵һɣΪڵĳϣЩ˸˵֣ҪЩ˵αǿֵһɡ
Ҫֵһȥ
ҪӣһҪǾǿȥˣҪסЩֵļһ
ǿ񽭺֮ϣֻħ̣Ҳͬһʵǿ˲Һӵɣ˭ֵӣʹشˣ
ӺɽԮЩһУԪɺһսҲҪλñס
ֻбסλãԪܷĵȥѰҶ磬Ȼðʧȥ򣬿϶һĽ֡
ǡ
ԪվϲѾһ㲻ʣˡ
ĽĲΣڵϦֵõ˶ѶԪʹ
Ǵʮˣʮʮ㣬齱ʱ䣬һ֮ΪҪʱ̣ԼΣѾ书ˣԪɲҪ齱ҲҪõһöݣȽĽĲκá
ȻʹֵĴǰȣȺ֪ʹڲڣλҲȾָġ

Ԫ沢ûбѶ壬һϣš
ԻԪ沢ûʧȥǣ·һ
ֵȥռ鱨һҪ䵱ͺȵϢ
ϢɲôõõģΪƺĵѾʢƵĹ߾Ѿϣѡ
䵱ͺȵϢѴ̽ĵ
ֵشԭܱ߾ɣĵĴ֮£ܿʹղõϢ
䵱ȷʵҪˣھͶ³塣
ѶѾˣֻΪǶ˶֧ߣҶΪ군ˣԲû֪ͨ¡
õϢ󣬻Ԫһ̾Ͷ
ڸԪѡɻԪѡ
ȣǲܸԪΪٰԲĳ֣±򡣲ˣǱѾͱ˼Ҷˡ
ȥһҲȥ¶Ҫһִ֡
ʣ˾ˣԪԪ۵Ӹ档
оǾԶҲһʱˣҲóˣһȥ
һʮ޺ľ屶ٵʵͻͽһѾﵽڣʣʮҲڣʮ޺ޱȴ졣˵ʹһʦʮ޺ҲԱվ뿪
ʮͭͷۣǹ룬ʺȺսԪ룬ǰȱȻһսǺʹսʮ˱š
ֵǽҲܿ죬һҲѾﵽڣޡ۽Ҳﵽڶ壬ֻһ֮ң˵ʲôʱͻˡ
ϾʱȻԪö࣬ҪԪÿܵġ
ţҲʽ쾳磬ʱ򣬻ֱĵӣѾû˺쾳ˡ
һٶȸ죬쾳󣬸ͻͽ־Ҫһ֮ڳΪڡ
ʣֱĵ棬˽죬ڵѾˣںͺԲ룬ʵѸ١
ȻôõѡǻԪֻ˻Ԫ۵ʮ޺;Զ
ʮһټϻԪԼѾ㹻ˣٶȥˣ׸
ΪȺ䵱µҲǲݲ¡
Թҹ֮󣬻Ԫ׼õĶʮһ˴֮ǰôǰȡ
ǵȴԪǻص˷Ժ֮ڡ
ϾҪһˣǽһγ齱ȥ֮ǰһҪˡ
ԪϣԳȡݣĽĲ飬Լûк֮ǡ
ȻĻԪ޷ǰȵġ
ˣϵͳܲܿݸԼԪԸκһĽƷȥֻҪĽܻ
֮У齱ʱڵˡ


484 Ʒ
һ֮УҪĳ齱γ齱Ϊʱ򣬺ϵͳͻԪһرá
ĽƷãд󽱵ļҲرĸߣУҴ󽱸ĽƷҲá
ԻԪΪγ齱ġ
ǽ겻һˣԪ沢Щ书ֻܻþݣȻܿĽûˡ
ȵҹҴ˳齱ת̵ʱϵͳ˺ð죬˵һѵ꽱ߡ
ϵͳĽԪܿٴλø߼书ܵõƷġ
ǻԪûһ˷֮飬ΪϵͳĽƷת棬ûпݡ
û֣
ʱĽƷѾԪעˣһٴθ˳ϴ辭ҲûԪע
ʹõϴ辭Σ
ѵؿĽԼǰ
ΪԽݣԪ治ܽ鷢ϲԼǰȥԼΪ
Ļѧϰٶ书ʲôãϲ˶ˣȲǻʲôףɴ಻մȾͰһкˡ
ôûг־ûг֣ϵͳĽƷģǻԪ־ܹҵ˵ġ
صغһ齱ҪȥȽγ齱˵
ΪûоݣԻԪû˶һ㣬ϵͳת̿ʼѡ
Ȼʱ̣Ԫֻһ´󽱣ˡ
ԪĬĬؿһĽƷȡ
ԺĽơٴγȡһöͼѧ
ǻ˷Ĳ㡣
˵Ƿǳġ
ԺĽźͰ֮ͬ٣λþıļ٣ٴֵʵ
ͼѧض˵ˣٴεõһöĻԪͿԺϳһöмѧˡ
Ĳ㡣ǿӰԻ־һ
ǡûоݡ
ϵͳʾǲ齱ǵȡ˷Ĳ㣬ϵͳҪѡһ书Ϊѡ񡣡
ʾԪûж̽һ䣺书֮⣬ѡƷ𣿡
Ϊϵͳش𲻿ԣû뵽ǣϵͳȻͣһʲôһŻش𣺡ȷҪѡ书ĻĽƷֵԶ߼书
ϵͳʾԪ۾æʵĿĿλỻȡһ𣿡
ԣ书ϵͳǲġ
ҪҪɷλȡ书Ļᣬһþݡ
Ѿ书ѡ˾ݣǷȡƷ
ȡ
ŻԪѡȡϵͳʾ齱ת̰
ԪƷһǽԺĽƣһǾݡ
һĲ㣬Ԫֱѧˡ
Ԫݣ̾ȥ˺ɽ
ԪѾڵȴˣ֮ǰҪԪڳǰĽκˣȥҲġ
˺ɽ޲ҲǸո£û˯ţ꣬Ҳ˯ô磬˵Ż
Ԫˣ˼æûԪ
Ԫ棬ôҹֹˣ
޲¶棬˵Ż᲻һԼ˽ˡ
һʧˣԪ漱æóݣ޲µ£콫ŲҩȻĽȥֻҪȥоˡ
ĽǻԪĲҲ޲ºĲˡ
չĽʱ䣬Ƕһֱ˯ѵСҲ˸飬ȻϣһŮˡ
ĵˣĽͲ󣬿ĽˣüᣬĽоˣʱĻŭţҪȥҩΨ޲½ҩˡ
ȥҩˣԪĽߡ
ȻͬԼģĽڵĶԽԽ죬ԼڹЧԽԽҪǲõݣֻٹ죬Ľֲˡ
ĻлԪܷĵǰȡ
һͽҩ˽
ԪĽ꣬ҩظι˽ȥ
֮ԪһֱĽ꣬ķӦΡ
ݹȻǶ֢ҩʱĽ˷Ӧ˯˼֮󣬱ǿ﷢΢ĺ
ĽëҲڻضƺʱҪӡ
˶ѣŵضĽ
ԪùĽڲĶء
ʵ𣬻ԪܸоõڵĶڷɿɢ֮У̶ʱ䣬ЩβĶѾɢӰ١
ⶾصǾݵҩԡ
һСĽǻ۾
ڻԪĻԱ޲ºһһҵؿ
۾Ľôȿ޲¡
Ľ겢ʶȻչôãһֱǻԵ״̬۾ͿİˣĽЩ¡
㡭ʲôˣ
û˵ˣɤЩɳƣһʱЩ˳
޲Ҳ֪ĽæЦЦĽݹ㲻صģҽڼչˣ֪𣿡
Ҳ޲³̫ôҲǻ˵ӣĽҲûôˣѵŶͷҡôˣʲôط
̧֣ĽͻȻؽҡҵ书ôûˣ
Ͼһϰˣʧȥ书һ˵һĴ£ĽͻСոʮѣ˺ԲѾǳĲˣܽʧȥ书顣
߾Ԫ߿ˣ꣬㲻Ҫģ书ûˣһģ㱣֤һָ书ģһǰһٱ
ʱĽʶԼǰһ˵ĻǸ˱Լֻ̫ů̫һʱ֮仹ûʶ
æ̧ͷۿĽ꿴˻ԪĹͷ
һΣĽ귢˱֮ǰӴļʲôˣôأſҡ
˵ţĽ꿪ʼ
Ѿͨ˵ǵʵ΢֮һŮҲв磬СҲôãûгԶ˵޸֮֮Щˣץӵûˡ
Ԫʱˣеص꣬㿴ңǻԪ棡Ƿɣôܲʶأ
ôһ˵ǽĽŵˣʱŮҲʶ㣬㲻Ҫңſҡء
ĽæԻԪԪ棬ȷſǻѣʧȥ书ȶǧҪŵ
˵ŻĽӻԪĻ˹ȥ»Ԫ֪ʲô


485 ѡ
ԪۿĽ걻˹ȥһʱζӡ
ΪʲôΪʲôĽԺ󣬾ȻʶԼˣ
ĽǻԪҪ֮һ֮¡
ɰƤСǻԪͷɷˣԼѾǧİ˻þ澭ľĻᣬΪ˾ݣôոͲʶԼأ
ѵ˵ѾڳԴСھƹݡںݡ֮ϵһĻĻ
Ԫ治ǰһУֻϣĽǸոЩ־壬ڻǲô飬һͺˡ
ҲŮˣҳúÿĽͲԭĽҲֽ׵ؾͱ˹ȥ
ؿĻĽ껹ԻԪ£͵͵ؿһۣȻĵض
ûҾ֪ѽĽ꣬棬˶Ტء
Ľ˵ͷҲ֪㣬ħ̵ʥŮ˽а˫ģǰһڿ㣬ŸܵǶô
΢΢Цһ£һЩĵĴ԰ˣƯأ֪Щ죬ҺͲ½ûµʱ򡣾ͻſ߿Сÿ
ĽЩ˼޲£¶ɻĿ⡣
Ŷûиأǲ½㣬ʥǰĴ֮һĲ·޲£Ҳǽ̵书ˣǴСһ𳤴ģô½ҲƯɡ
Ľ˵޲µͷġΪĴΨһŮԣ޲µɱˣ仹һŮ
Եص˵ͷԭǲ·ˣȻͬһ
޲΢Ц˹ĽãҪô˵ұǴ˲ʮ꣬ˣ̸ʲôƯƯء
Ľ꼱æҡͷе£½㿴ȥʮ꣬Ҳࡣ
ûǻ˵ұ𣿡
Ľڸոûһģͺһɰޣ޲¿ϲ֡
΢ЦŽĽ˹ȥȻҲŮӡǱϾ쾳磬ļӳ£Ǳͨ˴˺ܶ࣬Ľ˿Ҳ
ĽķԣʵûοƯ㱧Ҳʲô⣬˳ӵı˹ȥ
Ԫʱ򿴵ЩļˣŮһ̸ŮҵĻ⣬岻죬ۿĽǻָһЩͼæʵ꣬㿴ңѵʶ𣿡
Ľ꿴˻ԪһۣͰͷת˹ȥ޲µļ档
½㣬˭ȥÿ£ǧҪҽ
޲һ£Ȼ¶ЦݣĽĺˣвҰôģԲ㽻
ԪһЩͷ󣬶Ľ꣬תôܲʶأ㲻ʶκҲܲʶѽ
Խ˵ĽԽ޲أеصУҲʶ㣬㲻ҪŮӵķ䣬һнʲôϿȥɣ
Ľӣ޲ҲʶƺĲʶԪˡ
Ȼ֪Ϊʲôףʱһܼ̼Ľˡ
ԪҲһ㣬ǾôĽˣԪǲģ꣬㲻书ûҸ㣬书Ǳˣȫ˹֪𣿡
Ҫ˵֮ȻŸ˵ģǻû˵꣬Ľˮͺۿ޲µ½㣬ΪʲôҪҵ书ôˣʦҪʦұ𡣡
Ҵﵽ˻ȻɵĵزȻûʲôԱʩչѾĹ棬Ȼ书ʧȴڡ
֮˵ᣬۣ޲һ˲䣬ĸоԪһʮĴ󻵵һȻ˼СŮŵ̶ȡ
ŻԪ棺Ԫ棬Ҳ֪Ϊʲôᷢ£ڲҪ׵ŻˣѾͨˣ̫Ż
˭˭Żˣ
ԪΣκĽǲǵԼˡ
һԪͻȻʶĽļ䶼֪޲£ǵԼʦƫƫͰˡѵǳھ
ϽϵͳԪҪԼ齱Ľܡ
ǳȡùĽƷϵͳ涼мأйڽƷ˵
һǾݣԪ򿪺һ鿴С֣̾ˣȻǳ
ݣ黨Ӧ黨֮Ժ󣬲˼Լϲˣһ˼ͻᶾ˼Խ࣬жԽ
Ľ黨֮󣬾Ϊ˼Լർ¶ƲԼ˼жԽԽڵ̶ȡ
ݣ黨ԣɽ黨֮֮󣬽ᵥԼϲˣļ䲻Ӱ졣
ϵͳʾԪᣬʲôǵãƫƫԼô˵ֲء
ЩĵĶĽ꣬ǵںݵʱļ飬Ȼ˰ˡȥԸĺӰһĶ˽СӣǸ˭һ롣
ĽԪ˵ţڵҼǵڼȷʵͬ˵ãӦһ˰ˣǡҼǲǸ˭ˡ
Ԫһˣȷʵ벻ˡ
ļ棬ԼѡԵˡ
ˣĽˣҵ书Ϊʲôᱻգʲôط
Ԫشһ䣺书Ϊ˾㣬£㻹ǵ𣿡
Ľһ˵ͷǹµļ䣬ͷһƬңܶطǲˣһͷʹʱҼȥˡ
ԪʱˣĽѡԵʧ䣬ʱڲҪָܹԼ
ǻԪ治ĽǱסˣǺõġ
ۿʱҲˣԪվ޲µ£ǾúչɣЩǵáˣԺԺ˵
Ԫ汾ؽԼĽһҲôǲƽģҲʹգԼʱ˵ɡ
޲µĿ£Ľ긴ӵĿע£Ԫ뿪Ůķ䡣
ҪҪǾȥȣȥֹЩһ£ҵļһ
ڣԪȶʮһѾȫ׼ˣ͵ȴԪˡ
ʮһˣʮһƥųУȴԪ
Ԫİڶǰ棬Ԫֱӷ
Ԫ鲻ǺܺãһЩֵӣֵĵǣ֪һγȥǸʲô𣿡
Щĵͷ
ԣǲȥԵȥ£ΪһԱΪ˵һɣԲܿһЩС֮ΪһȥҪֵ֪˭ǸһУСǣôǾҪǸۣڶˣҪһζĴȱ𣿣
ףʮһֵطһߺ
Ԫͷ˳ȥֵǲɽ·Х£ܿʧҹĻ֮С
žĴҹôƽעҪ


486 ּݵ
ĹٵѩѻԶԶȥ֮ããһƬ
Ȼͬƾεĺ䣬ҲӰȶ١
ڹѲߺڹѲȫͬĸһǺò£һ˭Ըò¡
վҪںѲߡ
һ˻ѩǰţѰǱѩǵص·ڡ
Ƥڱգİñܺͷ˪ڼѵذţ˵Ų޵Ļ
ӳҲ̫ƽˣƾʲôȺ˾ڹѲߣǾƫƫ˹⣬ģ˭ȵСưġ
ӳعͷĶԱǣЩεصˣҪԹˣղͬˣȺǰԸߵĽģǰҲԸһģ˼ҪˣȺɵģȻҪվˣѲ߾ͲˣٱԹ䵽Ⱥ˵ĶСͰȥɨé
Ӳ£ʲô˲ģ䵱ǰ޼ǰ͹࣬Ϊ˻ڶǰͰ޼ˡҲһӵĻ
С㲻ˣɱҸǣȥ
ӳƺûǸԱôͣʾ³çļһСһ㡣
ӳʾ⣬СһЩ棬˶Ͷӳһģ׼ھЩ˼ʹ棬Ҫͬʶѩ֮ࡣ
Աǲ̫ģߵӳһ㣬ӳ˵Ǹɽͷôһ̾ͶȻĸҽ֮λˡ
˼ȷʵûûԵţͷһԴ˼ҵĽǿһʲô¾Ž˫
ʲô˫Ҳţȥ
ȻûжģôѾԲľ磬ɽ˺ûдﵽԲ֮ɡ
ӳ˵𣿶ѾԲˣûôɣ
Ǹӳһ£˵ûôģǸɽ׿˵ˣΪ֤˵Ѫ£ЩһȶɵųǶۿˡ˵·Ѫ߰ߣѾ֤ȻӼӣҲȥλѽ
һ·֤Ѿҿ¶̫ס
ͲҵˣαȻЩȥļٲˣٵҲ治ˡǼȻô൱յģֻⶫҲزඣ
ǸԱ̾Ϣһǿϧ˵Ҵûмȶ˶ˣϿ֮Ӿ;ⱲӾ͸ڶĺ棬øʲôǾ͸ʲôģܶ࿴ۣҲֵˡ
ˣûö鶼ˣǻô죿㻹ǹؾصѲߣδڼͺúȡһﵽԲľ磬ʱͲؼ尾ˡ
ҿδأ㲻Ǵﵽ˺ԲľôѲߣ
ӳЦԲڹѲߣҪ浱СӳͻˣҾͿƼӳȻҾ͵ȥˡ
ðӳ̫ˣھڿ£ˣҸ㣬黹ûһأǶ˶֧ߣҲһɣЩ˲֪ͨ飬˽Խ¶ǲϹصġһֵˣ˵أ
ӳʱæˣҪ˵ˣ㣬µ˲ڵѾͳһˣ¼ʹҲı䲻ʲôˡѵһ䷽ɸ˷룬ΪһѾȥȥȡʲô𣿡
ӳ˵ԱҲεصͷǰӱɽħ̵Ӱӣڵľ˶Ѿ֧ˣ²ã˵Ļûкýġ
һĬĬǰУڷѩ֮мѰ档
ոһ·ӳͻȻһ֣ţ
ͣ½ŲǰĶӳ
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ݷʱͻȻˣȻ΢ЦͷˣˣϸĻ˵ĲҽǺǡţôôĲҽ


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489 ȫ
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ԪĻһʿڵʲôȫӣ䵱
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ʱ򣬻Ԫо߸֮ѾһĪϵһ֮֮໥Уûǣ͵ϮҪǲܽĳһ˳׻޷ȥ
֮УȨλڶͶӵĲ֣ΪҪ书ߵӵΡ
ķλҪλƣ䵱ĵڶλΣڶλ֮书ˡ
ʣࡢ诡ᡢǣԲôҪЩ˵һɣڻͨΪһ壬߸˵ϣֻ³Բ֮⣬˿ʤ
֮ӹЦһͺȻؿǰΪƾһ֮ȥǵ󲻳ɣ
ԪʱȻǿ󷨣Ϊʲôڲó
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ԭӵ󷨣׼ԸݷģݷĻݣǳʱ䵱һԲʱϵƫ
ӵĻݷԶһŻԪңңһ䣬һ壬ԮԮм䣬βԮȫݱ֮λܺԿ߸ϵһ˲ݱҲ޷սʤǣϷԸ֣׵ȥȻϷӵΪ
ݷҲӼŭˣܲǾͻһĿ꣬Ҫף䵱ħ̵Ψһѡ
ݷһˣûа취ȥ󣬱һ֣ûһ䣬ֻΣա
һǲܾԼġ
û뵽Ԫ濴˿ݷ磺Ȼʩ֪֮ôʩӭսΣҪƶɮΪ飬ȴܡ
ݷѩ֮ڵԼ飬ԪǼǵɽղҲһս
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ԪЦһƶɮȥ֮һֵˣ
ͺ¿˵󻰣ҵʦֵܶڣ󷨣Բ֮ɣ
ӿڳ󷨣סУŭ˵ʦǣϣ
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Ʒ罣磬ԪһΣȻƲסĺ˼
⻹ǻԪһսʱˣѪԪ澪ĪȻ˵ĽȻͬ߸һ㡣
ʱ򣬶ǰγ˾˵ȭٴκݺݵĶԻԪ
ӾУ󣬶ͶϣȫתȻԪС


491 
һԪ䵱֮Уʱѹ
ǱƴҲӵܳԪһԪԵģ߸ԶԼľ֡
߸˵ÿһûԪƣмܡ
ͺ߸ݷ硢Īа֮ĸΧԼԪԽԽľһ󷨾Ȼܡ
֮ڣǴھ·ģҪǬŲһ̿Ѿ䵱ն⽴ˡ
ѳȥȻ޷ֵԼֶζʩչˡ
뵽ԪͻȻʹȫԸĳ䵱Ժ
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Ԫλãǿǡ
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ǰԪһ˫һ֣ӿǵĽ͵ȥ
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Ԫ治ܣֻͻȻһӰǧǧ̷ַۣͬ컨꣬䵱
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ٴҲΪԼֵܵ˹
ȻԼһȥܽд̸ԴҲԻᱻ취ҳ
ڻɱͻԪͱ֮䣬ѡ
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䵱֮Уӵʶǿܹ֣˵ȽĿɿڴ͵ؿʢѲ֪ںη


492 ս
ڻԪķǰδеΣ
֮⣬ĿͣŲǰƶĿǰƯóǳء
Ԫ氵۲ǣǳǷľڣֻҪ˳ǳأ˵ϲϣһ֮־ͻ
ǲᶨߣпܾͻڳǳڴ󳹴ʹ˹š
мþǴﵽ߼ԺʵԴˣһڣѾþԻ
һԪֻҪмþķܹˣĸûǸһֱûбԻӵĻԪ㹻Ľͳͳ֮С
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˵ԺӾеıǰĻԪһȥ
һ⻮Χռ両ǸоȻӰ
оһе۷Ҳ̫һЩƺѾ书ķˡ
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쳤̾һӵɽ˲ųɧ꣬һССѾ˱죬ֻδĳɾͲڰǰİ׷Ѫħ֮£ϣķܹԼպ츣ְɣ
ߣǻ䵱
Ӱ˰֣˵Ĳ£뿪˺ȡ

⣬һ˵ɽֿյ֮䣬Ԫںݷš
һιѩڶм们
ݷǰĺ뱻ѩۺӣְγԻԪһУϷȰһ䣬ĪĹϵǳϷԸΪѡˣĪһҪеģαƫƫĪΪأϷ˵һ䲻˵ĻǺúദ˵պʥԼ˶ģкܴĿܳɾֵһˣαԻǰ̣
ӷʩĻƶɮƶɮҲûôҰģƶɮֻ֪ħƻ־Բġ
֪ĺУѵΪֵܵʥ𣡡
ʩܲһ㣬ƶɮĽ֣ͬʩ㣬Īа߹ɱ
ݷʱɫһ˵ʲô
ʩ
ݷĺͻԪӣеĻĿڵʹĳؾŻԪУΪյĻ۵ġ
ԪʱҲ˫̧ݷ磬Ϊٸ۵ģ


493 
ѩУͬʱھۼһսͽ˵
Ԫʤˣƾһ֮Կɣڵ֮ĵһɡ
ݷʤˣħ̵ƻ֣䵱ȥֻҪûִԱְ߰ŵľС
һ󺮷˹һ֦۶ϡ
꣡һ죬ͺܿʼķǹ
ݷбһ⣬һĴ޾ѩơ
Ԫݷ磬Ҳû˿һ־ָһʽһָ족
ͬը죬𵴵ҹҡΣһЩϸС֦ʹ۶ϣ
ӰĽӽ֮սһţ

ĳ
һλɽķݣݵĹһķ䲻ͬԲεġ
պǱѩȴһѵõ죬ϾǧྶͥҲġ
Բεķӣݺѻʯѻһ·ֱӿͨ
һ׷ԲԵߴ˳󻹸һŵˣǵĺʱ򣬻ԪǸˣ˫
˫Ҫߣ߰˰֣ز
˫ͷͬߵߣݶȥ
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ݶ֮ϣڷֵееǳ׵ĳͲеǾ޴Բת̣ݶ벿֣ǰڷһʮ׷ԲĵͼεĶ
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߽ͼȫڱ˫ջ񣬶ߵʦסôˣѵͲȥ𣿡
ȥϷļҵ˵ҲûôõĹ۲ص㡣
ǰһʱ䣬ǸµĺУҺ˵ġ
ع
߰˰֣ȷʵЩ£ΪʦǲΪʦ벻ıܹ⣬ΪʦܷĵؽĶܣȻĻǲ뿪ġ
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˵򵥾һ仰˵Ƕ궼ҹѵʣڹ۲϶֮仯ʲô˵

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áá
ۿ㲻ȥˣ˫Ҳȥˣ¹۲϶ǿա
ʱҲ»صͼ֮ϣȴ˫ı
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壡ˣɱβסʦ㡭
˫Ļ겻壬ͷȥˡ
ֻضգһƬڣ


494 ʤ
ǿǵϹ۲ʦͽˣȴҡ
ʦղǴİɣ
˫̽һ䣬۲ʦɫ
˱տڲԣֻضգȥ˰ʱ˫оʱˣ˲ͻȻĶˡ
һܵǸǰȻ϶ۿ
˴Լһʱ䣬˲ͣ
ͲϵݣԵ㲣ĬĬȥ
˫Ҷ˵棬뿪˷ߵʱǽǱͼǺá
һֱڣ˲ȻԼ˫ͽҲ¡
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ûôʵģΪӾãⶫݼţǹʱһҲὫǵؿУӦò
ҲҲֻ֪һ֪
˶Լ˫ĵת仯޲ѭȻ֮⡣һ֮·Ҳ
ͱϵĹǣʦͽ˲ȥǣôǵͲǡ
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ڼ˫ķʣ˵˵ͷƫƫʱȥ۲ˣǴ΢С˲Ҳǲ׽һ꣬ʮ궼˲䣬Ǿôһ˲䣬ûдǶ
˵Ļ˫ʾͬȷʵ̫ˣ˵ⶼԽ͡
ΪʦıǾСƫƫɱβѽ
ʦͨѵûа취𣿡
˵꣬ε̾Ϣһּ޷ģ滹иҪһ㣬һε֮ǰԤʼɱβ֪ʲô𣿡
ֻ֪϶Ǽǣһɱȴǣǲ˵Ҫߴξ޴ɱ٣
࣬ȫԡ
˰˰֡ɱ˵һҪߴɱ٣Ǳɱ쳣ľ޴϶ΪǲǾ˲䣬ͲǼˣǡɱβʾɱ¾𣬵Ǿ弸ɱȴȷ
˫ЩԻؿʦ̫ʦ˼
ҲЩԥɱֿĿ֮գӽһҪע۲Ƕƾƶ޲T¡ӫȵǵı仯
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˫˵ʲôȴ˴ˣȲҪ˵Ҫע۲ǣҪΪǾǰȫģҪݲͬݡ·ݡӣʱȷҲضʱףɻһʱξǼ˵á
ףʦ㡭
ʱſЦһʦֻһڽඣ
Щε̾Ϣ˵Ϊʦһй©ֻ̫࣬ѴȻƾֶζα֮£г֮ˣһοǵʦ㵽ͷˡ
ʦֶΰٳһܳɹ˽ٵġ
˫ȷʵʦĸ鲻ǳͦˣȻỨ
ΥΪʦͿˡ
˶Լ˫˵һ䣬ȻҪ˵һ취ûҲδأֻϣǺܴѡ
кϣʦֻ˵ˡ
һεĿˣ飬Ϊʦ㣬ΪɵģҲ˵һε˶ֻҪҵͼǶ춯ˣȻֹɴ˴飬˵ܻɱ١
˵Ļ˫æʦϽ㣬ʲô˾Ȼ˵ΪȻǶ춯Ǻȥ
ɵСӣʦ˵ˣ뻯˴νΪģҵǸӦ֮ˣֻεĽ
˵꣬ЩնΪʦҲʶʶʲôˣȻ˴Ȼǻı£ⲻӦܹģΪʦʵ޷󡣡
ʦҲ㲻𣿡
㲻Ŀǰ֪ģͼˣǴĻᣬĳЩطı䣬Ȼʲô˵ֱĪ⡣ѾΪʦΧ㲻Ҳġ
˵վԭ˼ȻԼ˫ϴκΪʦ˵Ǹ·ɺǿɣȻҲ֪һЩеı仯͹ɣºΣΪʦܶ˵飬ΪʦҲоһ¡
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Ϊʦã˵Ϊܾˣܶ鶼ǳġпܾǴ˴εӦ֮ˡ뿪ǰԭ˸
˫һ£Ȼʦ˲
Ͷ˵Լ֮ˣҡǣһˣʰʰھͳɡ
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˫ŵصʦڿҹѽ캮ضģô߰
Ҫڣͺڰѵ赲𣿡
ǰ˼Լ˫Ҫ֪ʦʱܲˣܾĽдô¿ܻһЩ취ˣܾҲʦˡ
˵˫ٶ˵ͷȻ򵥵ʰһ¶Ͷ˸ǣǰˡ
˫ߺٴλص˷ʼ۲⣬ҪʱעǿյĶѰҽȵķ

⣬ݷһ˻Ԫļ
ǻԪΪȻѾ˼Ƕˣ磬˭׵ɱԼҲˡ
һΣԪڳɹץסݷĽ
ֵķƵķ󡢱ڤȵȵķȫݷѱС
ԪץסݷĽ޷ȥ
ݷ缸޷ȫرŭһһƶŻԪ˹ȥ
Ԫˣʩչʮ㹦ƣݷڣηƣҲƵĽɵеͲ׳ơ
һ䣬Ϸ֮ǰͶ˵Ϊ˽鸶۵ģ
ݷѾʤȯգоԵֵԼˣѪ͹Ҫˡ
ݷʮ㹦һƴԪ沢η壬Ȼ·硣
ȫһӭȥһ˵ֿˡ
ԪˣȻѷɫ˶һ֣ĵ˺üȶΡ
ݷȻռϷ磬֣ȴѾһ˪ѾʼѸٵĽ
ת޷Ǵ̹ǵĺ䣬ݷ֮£ñûֱϵĺ
ľѪܣƺˣֶ޷ƶ
㡭⺮Ʒô˰Ե
ʱ򣬻ԪĨһǵѪݷ֪˰ɣƶɮ֮ǰ͸߹㣬Ϊ˽촩ٶڵģϧûȥݷ磬ôʹĶ¾Ž
ٴֺУݷ֪ãֽһֳֽһУѾ⡣


495 
ݷ类ԪһֱۣѾ˶֮⣬ǻһЩɡ
Ϊ֣Ӧԥʵ͸еĵϸȻѾȴӣΪԪпװģȴЩðա
˹ֱϵĺͬʱԥòüʱ򣬻ԪͻȻһֻƣңңضݷ˹ȥ
ݷ磬°ɣ
һɾ޴ݷ˹ȥݷ粻岻ԪǱƶڵƺĸо
Ǵ󷨣
һǷͬСɣǴ߹Ǿȫˣ
ݷҲûгɣֳֽһʽʽƵĻԪһն𣬷ңƬ֮ܵӰ١
˲䣬Ԫٴδָݷ籼ܵø졣
һֱݷܵûӰˣԪ滹վû
ʱ򣬺һŲƿԪ۵˹
ղݷߵʱѾԶԶؿˣݷˣ˶裬û뵽ɾȻĻǰͳĽħ
ɣӮˣ
ֵӸԪͷһۣ΢΢ͷȻ˵Ҫȥһάֺڵľƣûд£Բҡ
ڵȻԣǶͷӦһ𷵻˺ڡ
Ԫûкκ˽ֱȥ˶
բ޺ˣҶ߹Ԫ濪բķĻأֻ֪
Ԫ濪բٽբرա
բ£Ͳ˴Լˡ
ʱһѪѹֲס˳
ԪصڴſڣբղȺս䵱ӣʩչôõĻþֺ֮ݷսҪݷԼˣҲֲסˡ
һ󻹵ԪϢ
ֻҪָվûдˣԼʵԪҲ˳ֵʶ
Ŀǰʵ뽭Ǽˣһ࣬΢һЩȼҵսԳ־á
ǱڤͯӹﵽڵĻԪ潫ηݷ֮ʤҲǲܵġ
ֵܵˣλû֮֡
Ψһĺ󻼣ݷصɽħ̺Īа»ԼĿɳ
ǻԪ治£ʱĪаԼȻΪڡҲӻɽ֮־ͻϺħ̶ص·
ΪµһվһսҪʵǹؼ

ô仯Ԫ治ܣһˣ󻹵ҩڶľ˫£һһҹ㣬ڵѾԭ
ƺˣԪ沢ûųȥվ˶ҡ
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һԼԪ滹ǵǸλã뿴罫Լʲôӡ
ǸڴߣǶģѾˡ
Ļ֣񣬺ܴ
ǻԪ淢֣ԼĹͷϣмɫͷЩ֣幤ܲӦ÷ִ󰡡
ֲŪ˼ǸͷԼ˼ԪͻȻˣѾͷԭԼͷ
̾ϢһվûнǼͷȥԪ׼뿪
ոҪߣͻȻ˴һţԪѾ뿪ܳʱˣô£
һȻдšԪĸ֡
Ԫ漱æżһǶµģΪ֪ԼлԪģҲֻԼļ֪а硣
һּдһҳֽ
Ԫ棬ţ϶ǷĳֱʣȻ㲻ȡҲ˵ҿѾˡ
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Ԫ濴ﰵôʱ˵ѶȻһֱԼⲻģǱϾûףţŸо˺ܶ࣬пĻš
໨սȻбֶΣԲҲҲ϶ˣ㲻ļҵıֶҪˮвЧֻ״̬򣬿ɵˮԴ֮ң˵ͻ֡
Ԫһ룬ǹɳĮˮԴĵط࣬ѰӦò̫ѡ
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ҾҪȥˣǶһˣҲ飬Ϊʵ
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ԪЩԥԼ˲һѾһˣڶǸʲô̶ȣԪ滹жϡ
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ŵ󣬻м仰
֮У˺֪ܶ࣬ʦ㣬ʦҲӦһܣȥ֮󣬲ҪǷǡ
ŵͽˣûġ
ڶ󼸾仰ԪΪȻ
Դڼ˫õϢԪ;϶⣬ҲԼǼ˫˵֮ˣҪȥġ
ôΪԼʵȥҲ޷ȳ磬Щص֣ڹȡЩﵽڶ
ԼӵڹһڶֻֻˣûüͬԺ󣬱ڤ񹦵һ޴Ľ
ڤӺԲ죬ôԼʵһ޴ģҲǸʱ򣬾ܿڶء
ǻԪ治ںˣֺãҲҪЩȥһƣڶһʲô
뵽Ԫ潫պãȻ뿪
Ԫ氵ϵһ½ӥֻʵĴΪ˷һ׼ġ
ֵһҲܳӥˣԼ鴦ã̷֣ӥʱòˡ
ʱ򣬻Ԫһ飬ȡ·ϵİȺͻ۸նˡ
ȥˣҲ֪ߵʲôطʱ䣬ƿʢƹˡ
ȡɣؽģǻԪΪڴ顣
ɴӥϷȥѰҰȺͻ۸գǵʲôط


496 
Ⱥˣַ䵱ݷ磬ѾΪĿǰʵϵ䣬Ƕڵȴִ֡
ڻԪ̽ڻʱλ÷ɲˣȵ³˳ĽΣ˭Ҳ˵ʲô
ǺȱҪһִ֣Ԫ治ֵĻ˷
ҽˣԪҲģΨһܷĵģҲǻԪͻ۵ˡ
Ԫû۵ʱںȣԪǸ³çӲʡ
۵ĹǷȱһ㣬Ԫ룬۵һιඥ󷨡
ඥΪඥ书ඥඥҪܳʱ䣬书ඥͲˣ˲Ϳɡ
˲ڵÿһӣһ书ඥĻᣬԪ澭ǣ۵ඥ
ΪĿǰԼĸ߼ѧ棬ֻģڻ۵ʵҲ޴
ඥĹ̷ǳ˳۵ûжٸо͹ඥɹˡ
ʮඥ۵ʵͻͽԪţĻ۵ѾʵݷǸľˡ
˻۵ܺȣԪָˣĴѡҪھ³žУǰǰĹ
ǶҪֵɫȻûл˵ѵַɲȡλãȻȻӦ
£ӥҲˡ˼ˣԪʣĵӶŷѩɽ

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ݷĪаһַĵ׵η塣ΪĪаҩԵʡ
ڵĪаƺǰͬˣ֮λʧãĪаľӰ죬ݷоĪа书ƺٳ߸ͷһˡ
˵ǰݷĪаս൱ٶ֣϶ĪаĶˡ
ĪаûнԲһʲôݷ˵ˡ
ݷĻĪаѵûиһ䣬ҵ˼𣿡
˵һͲںҪƻǵ顣
壡
Īаŭһ֣Ҷһ䴦չˣöʥû뵽һƬĶιˡ˾ȻʥԣѵΪϷ治ֲɣ
ݷһΪС־Ϳȷˡ޿֣ǹ֣˵ͻСв
Īа˰֣ᣬȻһԣӦĵģȻҲǧȣһںİΣӦòΪҪЮ
¶òҲһδأ˵һɱֵһ죬Ϊֵ棬ѱСвǸʱ򣬽ָδã
ݷĻĪаҲһЩҡˡ
ǰһҪЮԼͶɱˡ
˼ֵΣ
ݷ룺ʥʵ죬һֱףʲôɹǣʵھǺɨʱΨһвĶҲˣѾֹ£ҪٰԳֻ֣Ҫºƶ˳֣˿ɵ
ĪаЩԥβŵһֱٳٲҪǳǣһ仨ʼǸв໨ɱ磬ʹǶٰ׳֣ҲδؾʮգұԲ֮д£ǣʼղһ㡣
ѵ
ȷʵǻЩŲ£ԲܽԲ
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ǲ֪кιǣ
Īа˰֣ѣҪԲҪºܶණһ޷¶ģȲҲա
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Īа˵ͷ̬һҪеģ˵Ҳԣǲȫ֣ʹһ䲻вҲ뿴ʱΪѡ
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ʵ޹أɲɲһоɣŮˣȥ£һҲΪһɹ
˵ԺĪаվһ䲻ʶ̧٣ֹͳһĲҾڵζֻҪһɽǶٰ׳ɽʱ򣡡
ĪаĻݷﶼһĺ⣬ٰ׳ֵĻžֻҪ˼ˡ

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ڵɣĽٶȣʵľڵ㣬ȻûдﵽڶģǲѾǳˣֻҪͻƣôˮƽ֮ڶ廹Ҫߡ
ĻԪҲ⡣
صˣѾȫͬӵڤͻƣɹͻ˺Բ쾳硣
һָոսڵ״̬ڤѾȫȶ쾳磬һ󲽡
˵ȾıڤҲž޴İ
ԭֱһţѾһ壬ڲͣתһͷų
ﵽ̶֮󣬻ԪҵԼﵽʲô硣
취Ҳܼ򵥣ڶͻԪƴֻҪԪܹƴ൱ô֤Ѿﵽ˺ڶ塣
Դ˻ЩмΪԪĹûﵽڣôܺͺڶƴ
ʵ۾ԪȻƴ˸࣬Ȼһ㣬ǲҲѾǳˡ
⻹ûڣһڣҪڶˣ
֪ԪܣҲѯʣԴӴԺҲû˼ˣһİԪ棬־ˡ
õĿ϶ԪˣﵽڶѣֻҪԼͯӹͻƵڣôԾܴﵽڶĳ̶ȡ
Ŀǰٶȣ֮ڣԪоԵİͯӹͻƵڣҪмûκε飬Ҳʱ仹һЩ
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Цһ£ԲҲô¶Ҫͨڵأһͨˣô˾ûмţ岻˥ϣյ˵ǿһֱȥġ
һֱȥ
ԪʱĪһֱȥĻǳˣѵı²ɣ


497 Բ֮
ԲۣǻԪƫƫһֱ׷ʣʵûˣŶԻԪɣʵԲľ磬Ҳ̫࣬ϾĽԲûԲֹ̽ĵãΨһͼԶֵݼġ
ǳϾ˵˵֪ĺˣôҲƶɮ֪Ķࡣ
ڻԪ֪Σֻõľͼ˵˵֪ģһԲ֮ƾ˵ôͨأ˥ţ˵Եõ
ԪЩֵص˵ԲͿһֱȥôǧϸжٸԲˣΪƶɮȴֻ֪һ
ҲЩɻص˵Ҳֻ֣˵Ķû˵ͱĴ̫֮࣬ǰԲ˵ǼǰϻˣǷǳǳѳġ
ǡһתЩĽԲҶҲԲܲ
Ԫ룬㻹ٰ֪ҲԲأ˵֤һ
ܹоҲϵԲƺһЩǲܾмԲţЩ棬ĵʵӦǵ׵ġ
ǫˣ㲻֪Բʵȷǵ׵أ
Ҳǫ飬ɣ֪УĶЩʲô£
ϵı²СԹۿԶĶԶܶԶ˽졣ƶɮĽѡ
ͨͨǧﴫԲĻţÿһԲᣬûʲôϡġ
˰ּÿһԲضᳬѧͺĵĽʮƣͺ񶫷Ŀ䣬Ѿǳѧ
ⳬѧһĸ߼ѧк𣿡
Բͨأӿ˵ڵǽӣԲǺ޷ȵġҳѧҲԶԶǸ߼ѧܱȵģڣôҲԲ⡣
ûпĿ𣿡
ԪЩģ֤ͻԲ󣬻ԪҲЩԲ¶ڴгһգԼԺԲһϸ£ҪԼͻƵԲǲ֪Ҫˡ
Ҳ˵ûУһ˵ԲܺͣڶһָٶҲһڵˮƽܴﵽ̶ȣҲ˳ѧ֮ҲδزܺԲ⡣
ĻԪ˳˼֮Уڵ̶ȣָٶȣɲǼ򵥵һһټһĸսʱ䡣
˼ԲԿĿԣʹڶﵽҪҲ˳ѧʵҲǲԲģûЩͨҪ֪ģֻԲ֮ʵġ
ǸǿһЩʲôˮƽ
ǿһЩģյĳѧ϶ֹһţ֮˵ҵʵԲףΪ֪յѧš䣬ħپܿҲﵽ˳ѧĳ̶ȣϸ˵ʵ֮ϡ
ϣһ书ѧ޾͹ˣ书սǿɡ
Ҳ
ȻһһսУ书δؾһһ书ǿٲһ书ڶ˵սУȻ书һЩĶħپǳѧĻôȺսʱĲȵġ
Ԫ˵ͷ
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Ȼ˵ǻԪ滹˼˫˵ĻĳıǶй˵ͻƱüһЩ᲻йأ
ѧʵ֪һ־磬ڵľ֮ϣҪܴﵽ̶ȣǿ󡣡
Բ֮ϻоʲô磿
Բ֮ϵľ磬ʹﵽ磬ҲԲֻʵȽǿѣϾǧû˵Բ֮ϻо磬ԲӦǵͷˡ
ǵһʲô磿
ŻԪ۾³һ֣

뿪Ժ󣬻Ԫ沢û̿ʼչ
Ȼ֪Ҫ飬Լմﵽڶͯӹڡ
ڴ֮ǰмҪ
ȾǽӥϢ
׼ҵӣڻ۸״ӵͬ£ѾʢƵĹ粻ԶˣԼ߰ܽʢơ
ʢ֮󣬹ϣ㡢ϡԭأֵĻڰ֮ھͲˡ
һϢǵĵɹԪ㹦Բõϵͳĵһؽ
ôһ£ҪջʱˣԪȻ鼤ϣǵĽŲٿһЩ
⣬ɽħҲˣɲ
ɲĿĺܼ򵥣˵Ƿ˽ĪаҪ޲»ɽ
ɲԪ滹ǺкøеģٸԼģԼҲܹԪȻĪа˼Ϊɲ
ôǶҪɽȥģʼʱΪݷ˰ռɽ޼ҿɹֵģĪаˣҲû˼µɡ
һԪ֪гͻһ죬ǲҪΪá
Ψһ뿪ûչĽ꣬ҲǷĲµġ
ͻȻ׽⡣
Ľѡʧ䣬˻Ԫ棬ȴûˣ󣬻裬Ҫ氲ĺȥ
ԪûзԣĽҲʱûа취صʦţصϤĵطΪá
ĽȻʧˣûƣȥָܻ꣬յ书Ҳһѡ
Ľߵʱ򣬶ԻԪ˵У˵ҺҪˣôҪˣ㲻˵ʲô𣿡
Ľ֪ƢĻԪ΢ЦףĽݹһ·˳磬Īӣ˼춹졣
Ľһ£ǴŪһ»Ԫ棬û뵽˵ô仰ȻЩܡ
Ľ껹Ǹ氲뿪ˣҲûĽڡ
ֻɲ̫һЩǶûʲô׼
뿪ʱ򣬻Ԫһ顣
۵ʲôʱϣ֧ĸף㸸׵ΪأֻôһŮ㲻Ҫ
һ£Ȼȥ
ǾͺãסյĻʱˣҲ·ɡ
Ԫ沢ûнԼ仰˼΢ЦĴߴߡ
ŮӶЩ˸У˻Ԫһ֮󣬲׼õ֮Уɲ뿪ɽ
˶ˣԪ泤سһ׵·ôߵģ֪ʲô


498 չ,ٰ׵
Ůӣ˵ҲûԪ徻һЩ
ԪܰһЩ飬չҲΪһЩ鷳ġ
ѾʮٹԪڳ齱ԪڴҲرڴ
Ϊ֪ڴԽʧԽ󣬾ôõĳ齱̣ҲϰˣܹƽĶԴ
齱ʱһѡĻỻȡĽûԪãϣкܶȽƷҪ
ߺ󣬻Ԫ潫ԺĽʹˣʱûԺһЩӵԺϰ䣬Ͼ٣þ˷ˡ
֮Ϳʼ˱չأҸ߻Ԫˣ򲻵ѵʱ򣬾ԲҪԼԪҪһĳڵľ硣
ԪҲҪ鷢һҪǧﴫԼܹķִ磬һ鲻Լġ
ر˷ԺţԪʮļңʼһγ

֮󣬻ԪԪڵĳ齱
Ҳǰεĳ齱Ԫ涼ѡ˷һĺˡ
ԪڵʴԪȡˣϵͳ⣬شĸĸѡƷĻᡣ
ǸشǽƵĻش𣬵һЩˣʧˣ֮󷢻ãһ·նĸ⡣
ѡ棬Ԫѡ˵ͼѧöͼѧԪ潫ϳһöмѧ
ԪûʹãٵȵȡöмѧԼܺϳɸ߼ѧǸʱ򣬾ܽһ书Ϊѧˡ
ľ棬Ԫѡһࡣ
ֶٶȼ죬һԪȡ˶Ǽǿġٶȣ˽ӥʹ鱨ҲȽӥˡ
֮ǻþһλԪûѡ߼þѡһżΪͨĵͼþʮ˲еѪػþ
֮໥ϣԪҪһͼþԪΪо֮ã߼þ̫ˣҲδؾõϡ
书ѡҲڳɹһΡһεĸ߼ѧǺܺϻԪ⣬ֵһ֮Ƶİơ
ƼǴƵǿ棬ǻԪѾ˸߼ѧƣڰƲǺڴ
ǳȡ֮󣬻ԪŷʮõģΪϵͳѧֱѧϰ㣬㺮ԣɱĿǰԪĸ书֮ףսƵȵȣ˲ֹһΡ
ȡԪڵĳ齱󣬻Ԫ濪ʼһÿԶżһˮά幩ӦѾһٹȵ״̬ˡ
ĩԪڵﵽһֱܸоﵽһװ˵ʱ򣬾ͯӹڵʱ
Խļ־Խʮ֮󣬲Ŵﵽһ
˼죬Ϳʼ³齱ˡ
³齱ʱԪûôõˣ齱ֻǳȡ˲ľһ֥ݡ
Ԫûȡ֥ݣȻҩĺöѾȫĿ棬û˼˼
˶Ѯڵͻһߣ뵽ֻвֵľˡ
Ķ³齱Ҳһ㣬Ԫȡķħȣһʼͳֵõ֣Ϊ͸ţʡ
³ʮʱ򣬻Ԫ潫ڵһ߰˵ĳ̶ȣǰ˴һ
ѾǷʲôˣһǱޣһֱĩٴξһγ齱
һεǲȡ˽ƵĴ
Ƶ棬ԺдĦơ
ʱ򣬽Ƶѡȫȡϣм̫ҪĽûгȡԺ﷨ѡ档
ȡ˽֮󣬻ԪϵͳٴμһƷʮˡ
ϴѡȡľԪҲ׼
ȻƵȡ֮ϵͳٴˣµĳ齱ȡ֮ãһεĳ齱ʱ佫³Ķڡ
û˳齱Ԫ淴Ǹӵľһֱ³ڵͻƣɹشﵽһ߾ŵĵزͯӹֻһ֮ңˡ
վ绮֣ԪͯӹѾڵĶ塣
ֻҪһֵԪʵһʵԵķԾ
ΪͻƵԺͯӹĹᱩǣԪƣһװ˵ֱǵӽҲǲܵģҲһ׾ϵš
Ǹʱ򣬻ԪĿڶˡ
Ͼһ߼ѧľ֧ţڶһ
ͯӹȾҪҲﵽڣ
ѾԽڲٵıڤ񹦣Ҳвٵ
񹦺һγӵǿ˵ڶе˵ˣӦ˵ڶ廹Ҫ߳һ߲Ŷԡ
һ߾ŵһװ˵ľҲԪƣҪʮҡ
ʵϣŸոڶ죬Ժʹٻ
ܼУԻԪɣСһЩһǿУǳǿĵˣϽԼֵӣҪĺ
ǧﴫԪֹ̾
֪˭ˡ
˵ǿеģֻԲĸ֣ϴﵽԲģҲֻôˣǶٰ׵ĿԾӴ
ԲĪаĿܣԪһȾãٰЩˣĹƣӦǶ·ݣ¾鷳Ŷԡ
û뵽һֱ³ٰײŹûԪо⡣
Īаͦܳסģڲɶٰ׹
˵һٴˣǰδеǿУ
һѩ֮ڣٰɱ˲ˣǸʱԪͲµٰ׵ʵǳǿһԲҪǿһЩ
Ϊٰ״书İ˸ˣǽΪˣʵ϶ˡ
ҿ˱ĪаŪ˿ܣȻֿ鷳ˡ
һ鷳ҲСֵٰܵ׵Ļôп¾Ҫ˼ˡ
Ԫ治žѪɺӣȥӭսΣٰײִɱ䣬ƴҲҪֹ
ֹ֮󣬻Ԫ뿪˷Ժ
֪ͨ£ѾԤźš
֮ϣѻҲƴĺţٰһѪħϢﶼоˡ
ɽ䲻궯ţʥţħԭشתЩץ״̬
ɮɫֲ֪̿һʲôˣֻ᲻Σա
֮ܲ¾Ҫʼµһˡ
һĩհľ
Ԫ濴غһʱңһңʲôѪħˣʲôԲԼţֻһľΣˣ


499 ֿ
ԪոճأԺھɣϿתƣĳȥֵˣ
Ԫûжĵ㣬ϣһʲô
ͣһ£û뵽ԪȻҲʹô˵
ֵĿǧﴫģԪ沢ǽԲһֶصķʽԼ
ֵܿаϢŨ񣬷ǳǳŨĸопǶھѾʮˣܸܿϵŵܣӺɽȥɢܣܱ˾Ƕˣ
ǳļ٣űۡ
ǶĻΪԼֵܹģҲǾӻĽŲȻֵӳ롣
ԪûдӦǶϣˣô죿
ٴͣһ£ȻЦŵɣĻĹˣⱲҲûʲôźˣҼȻѡֵ֣ӣҪΪֳģⱲȶԲǿɮȻǷˡ
һֱƽһ˿ĻԪ涼Ϊ֮ݡ
ɣôãĳɨؿӡҲûΪʲôףΪ־һٺ١
ЦһȻģΪ־ҲһˣҲûĻˣҲһ£лŪһɮĹϣܹĵĹڿǰһλãдţɮ־
ϣγԡ
ɣԭɽжϹ֣һֵˡʹ˺УĵĹ滹ѪֻǷҵĽԼ˶ѣϣⱲӻܳһӢۣܷһأһͷӵԸ
ԪغһоؿЩµûţ˵ЩѾĴ־ˡ
ɣ̣羵ˮ£ԲҲһԼúñأĲһ죬ͷֵȥɣˣ
˵ЩԪ濴ؾӰһ⣬ɿرɽŴɳ۶ȥ
ͬһ㣬һλҪ졣

ɱ£Ԫһֻȥڸ߿֮й۲
ӥѾݻϢǶٰס
ȻٰûжôֲǻԪоҲδؾ͵ֵס
һֵסֻ˭ֵܵס
ֲûпĽ֣һսУֵʸûС
ԪİҪΪֵĴָ𣬲ͨĵȥ
̻̣ͬɥӰ㲻ͣûţֵҲѾٵľۼ
˷Ժǰȴս
Ԫ濴ǰֵǣпǧ
ЩӣɮȫˣЩɮɨصĺǶˣŸָļһ
ɨصɨѣͲӣеŲ˵
еɮõǷľ顣
Ԫ̲סһ䣺þʲô
ֵӻش𣺡аħϮƶɮԳԶȻʹȻˣƶɮҲҪžȥž֮С
Ԫ˵ͷĺܺãһεսûǵķݶ
Ԫ濴˿Χٶֵӣ˴εսһֵܹģƶɮԷɵǣԵֵӣͳͳɽȥɽ±ߵȺ򣬶ηɢ໥룬һεսǽӮˣǾͻ
˵ֵˣô̴ӺɽɽɮɮһֻˣǵĿֻһǾǻ
ԪĻһæɣ뿪أ
Ԫ΢ЦƶɮǷɣ־ҵļңƶɮߡ
УļңҲǵļңǵļˣǺƴˣ
ԣƴˣ
ɣٶˣ˭ܴôһιյǧ˶ûܽôأ
Ԫ΢΢ҡͷһβһģ˸ֿͨܵģĪ˵ˣǧˣˣҲ˼ɱģߣھߣϣ
ļԪ漸Ǻģ⻹һȥֵӡ
ۿɷŭܶжˣ㿴ҿ㡣
һʱɣҲܸоһεĵ˲ͬ죬һﵽԲĴ֣ʦӦûܰһæʹԲҲһоͻɱİɡ
ԪҡҡͷУҪ뿪вָӵģԳֳͽ䣬Ҫסһ㣬̶ȵıԪ
ԪԱߵʦҲߣսҲԸ뿪
ԪһߣھͲҪʦ
ɣ
ֵߺԪɴཫһ壺ڣȫ뿪ȻƶɮöԵˣھǰ
˵Ҷɵˣ֪ôźá
Ԫ΢һ㣺סƶɮܺͷ湵ͨˣ𣿺ԲܣǲһûзֱӱӣΣյģ뿪ܵˡ
Ԫһһ䣬ŪĴҶЩʴˡ
һƵʦ֣ʦҾȴŵ뿪ˣ˺ɽ֮һġ
ˣƶɮȻа֡
˵Ԫϵʥţħȵ̸ҪһԵС
ϵͳ֮ֻлԪĴڲ壬ǻԪ治ˣЩҲʧȥ壬ΣͷԪ滹ҪǺԼսҲǵʹ
ԪոϵǣʥţħʹӺɽ˳
µıչûмǣԪ淢˱仯
ʥţħֳ˲٣ԭڶЩͰ͵ˣǵӵǿ׳һ֪ʵˡ
ԭǾͱһǿˣʵٽ֪ܱܲڶսܴﵽǸ̶ȣҲĶսһЩ
䡣
ЩҲˣÿһֻѼСһƬƬķ˸ź⣬жӴʿʱȥС
ǵصֵӸʶ˴˴սҪԡ
ЩĵɽţԪһǽŵ°𣿶һ㣬Ҳҵκһˣ
ֵٴαԪ𣬽¼ӿ죬ܿȫֵ߳Χǽȥ˺ɽķ
ԪǻᰴԼķԸȥģֻҪǴʱ£Ԫ氲ˡ
˶ʧҰ棬ԪŽעתصɽ¡
ɽ£Ͷٰ׵սѾʼˡ
Ԫעһ£̾ʹһãӥ̴ҷɹȥ
ӥһո£˫צһ죬ʹŻԪնȥˡ
ڻԪЩǸηĸţһɽɱȥ


500 ڶԲԾ
ǻԪڶμԲ֮սˡ
ͶһսƾУһΣ˫ʵͲôˡ
ѩڶٰ׻ɱ˵ʱ򣬻Ԫ沢ûһˡ
ٰߵɽԼʮҵʱˡ
ٰףէһΪǶ
ΪٰײҲһѪɫۣͬгİ׷ɫҲǲҰףоЩˣͶЩơ
ϾǶǼġ
ʲôʱôһ
ڶٰ׵ǰ棬ӷλʩ㼱ҴҵҪδȥ
ٰ׿һۣ¶һ˿ء
Ȼʧȥ˾󲿷ֵʶԲƣöٰ
кٰſڣɳƵ
ɫһݣʹԷҲԲȴûиԼ㹻أⲻĽΪֻ˵һһͷβа
ߣȻʩ˲֪ôôҲҪǰһˣɽǷžԲаħۣ
δ䣬ٰͻȻͳˣ
߲ǳ֣ſһ˻ƵĺСֻİ׷̷ǣʮԶ׷Խ˿ռ䣬ͬ߰Ĳƶȥ
ɱˣٰ׵İ׷ǾУһƷ
˹Ĺû̫֮ɫԲƵκֶζ֡
תһͻȻ𣬰׷ӽӹ
ڿУҲûţѡȦ˫͵һ֣ڿᣬ˫һӣ˫໥Ʒǰֱٰȥ
죡
˫ڿǰ壬ٰٴһſڣһѪ˳ȥڿоͽ˫ڻ
İ׷ûֹͣ˶ĽͻȻ䣬ѸײڶٶֱӲסĽס
û뵽ٰ׵ĳ˵һʱձٰ׵ĳ˹ȥ
ٰһֱվû˫ֱۿԽԽٰ׵ٴλſ˿ڡ
ֻҪһѪȥͻͬһ㣬ѪħڲɱѪҺͽΪҪĴɱ
Ȼ˱ٰ׻ɱ͵һƣһӾ޴Ľ˳ȥֱٰ׵ȥ
ٰ׻ǲſһѪ䣬Žȥ
ѪԼţûȵٰ׵ǰͱѪȫڸɾˡ
ǾںڲȻֳһСĽԸӿٶ͵˵˶ٰ׵ϡ
̫㣡
һ󣬶ٰ׵ĸһ
屻ĵ˳ȥٰһѪ˳ˡ
Щ׵İ׷Ҳһ̷׷˻ȥʧȥ˼Ƶ
ţõɣ£Զٰ׹Цаħôĵĸ˫дɣסɽǷžаħΪΪĵط
һ֣ĴԼĽʮƱǳѧԲĸʮƣƷʱ䣬ˣԴ˺ܶʽĽʮƣؤ֮Ѿ˲ͬ
ĸ˫ĴһУ֮ء
Ϊһȥٰ׿϶ˣսӦԼӮȽϴˡ
û뵽ֻٰǱȥʮףȻһѪ嶼ûҡΣ˫ҲûһԺ̧Ƥ
ںڵƤ÷ǳܣԷ۾ɭɭѪžͲࡣ
ѵ˵һƾȻûи˺
ٰһѪһЩջڡһ̣ѾٴΰȻȻƻʵǳѸٵ˹
ȻһȻû£
һ˿Ѫƺٰˣûд£Ѿָˡ
ĸ˫̫ӼɣϾЩˣһƣٰ׻ܵס
ٰٴʶһʵȷԼ֮ϣûдﵽľ磬ҲԶˡ
һоˣһЩƺˡ
ǶԲߵʱ򣬶ٰٴζˣ
һΣٰûٱ˫֣ҲʶַʽʰǰϺеģϺУһǿĶ֣
ҡ£ٰͻȻԭʧ
ʱһٰⲻŲƵֶΣٶȣٶȣΪٶȣ޵ٶȡ
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һٰ̣Ѿǰһ˫ѪִѪζݺݵǰء
ҵ˫ƻѪٴཻ졣
˵嶼ˣٰ˵ıҪԶ
о˵ƷǺǿ֮ԼĽʮƣƺҪһЩ
ͷһϲѵԼӮĻ
ǻûһӣٰ˳ԶٴʧȻһֳ࣬˫ֺݺݵ˹
ĪٶΪɵæٴתӭ
һٴνٰ𿪣ǺһεĽһޣٰױ̾ͳ˻ԸƷݺݵĻǡ
ÿһƶĴ򷨣ֻоٻһӭȥ
ٰٴ˿壬Ǳʮ๫֡
ûȰγţֳٰ
ʱʶ鷳ˣΪǿģٶȺԣö𿪣ܸĻʩչǿƷ㣬ͺһţƤǣ򲻶Ҳ˦
ͬһƹƹҵԹʮơ
һϲӲӲ򷨵ҲЩܲˣȥǱһɱһ;
ʲô취˫ĶԹ֮УܶѣҲܣһܣ¾Σˡ
ѽѽ
Ҳǲķˣһ֮ȣŭаħĵĿлڣ
һޱȾ޴Ľҡͷβĳ֣ǿһˣҪһ˴ܣǻҲԡ
޴Ľű˶ٰס
û뵽ǣٰ׵ٴʧ˿գݺݵҵ˵ϣҳһʮ׷Բӡ
̳ʶãĻڶԷΡ
ȻϮæͷһơ
ٰ׵һƵļƣֱӱն
ٰ׵ĳӰεĸȥԸٶٴβס˫ȡ
ͬʱ׷һɶٰưѪͬһ㣬ֱؿڡ
ڿУԻûʧۿǻѪħѪɿԼǰ


501 ϵͳȺŹԲ
Ͷٰ׵ĶԾؼʱ̡
ٰ׵ĳһ䲻ֽ֮󣬻Ѫħſڶֱؿڡ
㣬Ѿˡ
ʱֻ̣õתؿڵҪ
ǻѪħô÷ģһѪĻ񱻶һ㣬һת͵رһ¾Ȼ˶ٰ׵ĳ
һЩҵİ׷һأǶٰ˿ں۾ض
ڵأ˫գһԲȫϵѪ
ѪħԣѪ򻯣Ѫܣ˵ڲݻ֯
Ҫֿоǿ
㹻ǿʱ䣬⻯ѪħҲ𡣵ǣڶٰ׾ǰҪѪħ޷ˡ
ٰ׻߽˫ĿѪ죬ٴλؾҪŵϵʩչһ
ͷ̾ϢҪٰһΨһİ취ǶȥԼۣûѪħ޴ӷӡ
Ƕȥ֮Լٰ
״̬õʱ䵽³ʧȥһֻֻ֣ǹӲдĶһˡ
һ·ߣԲԱ
Ա˶ϣͬشˡ
Բ׵飬͵οˣ
Ҷٰ׵ʵҪ߳һ֪ʹԱˣҲδؾɱ֡
ǴʱѾ·ߣһᣬˣ
ת忪ʼ
ֻҪƬ̣ҪȥȡͶٰͬھʹɱ֣شûġֻҪˣôʱ޷вˡ
׼ԱʱͻȻһӥͬķ˹
Ԫڽӥ֮ϣѾȻֵסٰס
˴ֵڹ壬ٵõ˶ĻѪħУٰʧȥ˴󲿷ǣֻѾﵽ˵áľ硣
ڵĶٰףȻûǸ磬ʵҲҪǿϻѪħԵԣѾǶˡ
λԪ涼Ҫסֵĵƣһ׼պڶٰ׵书ص˽࣬Ҫ¡
Ȼٰ֪׵Ԫһ̻޷˵ĳȥ
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յٶȼ侪ˣٰ׼ɱ֡ͻȻоһǿ
͵ػͷֱٰӻԪ棬͵ſڣһѪ̱ӿ
ۿԪҪѪͻȻŲʩչֱ䵽˾붫ٰ״
ٰ׵ĳͬһ㡣ֱϯ˹ȥ
ٴεĴŲƣԪһֵ˶ٰ׵󣬸ոѧֵһƣʩչ˳ͺ䶫ٰ׵ĺġ
ٰͷҲûأ־һƴԷԲһŻԪ͵ֵס
ʱ򣬻Ԫ˵ǬŲơ
ԪǬŲƣʹΣ֮һйˡ
⻹ǻԪһδŲƣڶٰ׵ٴʧ
һλԪֵĵطǶٰ׵ͷ
ƶɮ£
ͷ½ϣԪûб仯ݺݵһ˶ٰ׵ļͷ֮ϡ
գûǬŲƣٰԲûȫܣԪһƴС
ʮ֮߶˼ޣڵ߶˼ޣƵӵ˼ޣ
ԲһҲȫްģٰ׵һΣȻԪϥһ˫ϥڵأ
ٰ׵£عѣͬ֩һ쵽ԶǻԪȫõϵĽ
ڷ˼ĶٰףҲһ٣ٴһѪ˳
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ٰ׷ŭ̧ͷԲˣȻ˺ԼȻʧȥ˴󲿷ǣҲף˵Բĳ裡
͵ſٰ׾Ҫ³Ѫ
Ԫ治ѪħУֻбһ;ѣ
ʱ̣һͬһ㣬֮ƣݺݵɨ˶ٰף
˵Ѹ٣ٰΪԪ棬ףֻ˫һӣӲӭ˴
ƹٰ׵ֱӱڿз˼²Żָƽ⣬䵽һô֮ϡ
ĳҲڿз裬ԪŶԷɶĻᣬͬϼһͷ
ùҲٰ׵ɣҲ߰ȦҲûе֮ȻŸͷһת߰ٶʮȣȻء
֮󣬴ˣ˸
Ԫ泤һùļһʥģһ
ƾٰԲҲԵֵʵٴĴʥοӲǸشǧĽɫ˫֮һѪģ
ٰɫЩˣȻˣֱ޷̵ģ˫һֱ֣Ѫƣһ̣Ȼָֻˡ
ٰٴθԭԪغһϣϿָʱ䣬ֵٰף
ʱ֪˽ٰס
ⶼҪˣûо˵ȫڵĻѪħҪǻԪܶһ˵лָ
ʥϣ
ԪΪȡʱ䣬ָֻˣӲٰס
ʥͻԪͨһһԳͻԶٰ׼лȥ
ٰ﷢һХԳԽصٶ˵棬һɵأƽһ͵ضԴʥķ˹ȥ
ֻٰ׵Źĵ棬˲ͳһըԵĴӣһʯѾķѣһų飡
ʥ˶ٰ˸ٵĳ˹֪ɵֵֽһɫһ֧ŵ棬ͻȻһŸ
ԪԱߣΪٰǶԴʥȥģһʥĶƺ΢һ㣬æʩչǴ󷨣һ˲䣬ְѴʥθһ㡣
ٰҲû뵽ӵԾôǿҾԪĴԮ֣Ȼǧһ֮յĶԼĳ
ʥȥˣǶٰ׵岢ûֹͣһµٶ̫죬Ȼֱǰ˹ȥ
ͺڵ䲻ܻͷתһٰһתҲô׵ġ
ԲһԲ磬ٰ׻ֹͣΣת䡣
ûе٣ͻȻһ޴ӰϮ
ڲӰͬһСɽͬҲԷǳߵٶȣģâģŶٰ׾ͳ˹
ɽɽҪײˣ


502 Ѳ
ٰ׳ĹͣһʱûɲסȴֶһӰͬСɽĳ˹
˵ٰһڵôľһ
˫ٶȶ죬תصײһ
ͶٰӲƴռϷ硣ʥͶٰӲƴķɳȥԶ
ڻԪ棬ǲҺͶٰӲӲģȲѡ
ɴ˿ɼٰ׵ʵ֮ǿԶﵽһ޵ĳ̶ȣ񲻾ºκӲƴ
һΣٰ˶֣ڴĳԱˡ
ͶӰײһ󣬶ٰ׵Ŀ죬ȥĸ졣
˫˫ǰ죬һһ׳ĶǴ̳һһ޴Դݺݵײϡ
һٰ׵廯һӰֱɰ֮⡣
Ԫ޷ȷ룬ңصײһɽֹͣġ
ٰˣԪֻüһţħԴȻʹʥ̷ɱȥҪ᳹׵˽˶ٰס
ţħһ֣ҲڻԪ񱼣ͬһ㡣
سţħ֮󣬾һƶıݣʲôԲҺţӲӲҪԲ˶ߡ
ٰ׵Ƕɽһһ޴͸һֱѪ
սʼڣٰܵصơ
ԲԲͬġ
ʵ߳һ飬ͬģʧȥ˴󲿷ǵϲ
ҲᣬΪʧȴѾˣս֮ϣǼҵս֮С۹·˷
ͬģʹҲˣȻصƣͨ˶ˣǵûжʹ֮ɫ
ڵѪⱼӿۿɼٶڿٻָš
۾ضŶһ˶ޡ
ηʥţħȻҰޱҰ޸ֻͣҪԼĻѪħСһǻΪˡ
Ҫһʱ䣬øƺתЧս
һٰ״ɽŲһ£ţħһ̫ڳˡ
һģǻԪ棡
ʩչԪ漸ֱӾ˶ٰ׵ǰԷϢĻᣬ侮ʯֺϷ
ٰ¶ЦݡУǵһɣ
һֱսԪͼҰϣǡôԲٰܸص˺ûԪЩеģΪٰѾˣҪϽ֡
ˣٰײûдﵽеĳ̶ȣָڸһ£մһѪ
ٰ׶ŷɱĻԪ棬͵һ˦֣ǵѪͬƿյļֱԪȥ
ǻѪħԣܻ˵ѪԼѪҲͬϬİеĻûоǿֿ͵űΪŧѪɡ
ѪѸٳ̶ȳ˻ԪԲ֣Ȼǲͬ죬Ȼֶ㲻ȥĸо
ﰵãԼ̫ˣٰ׻ս
ʱͻȻһֻýס˶ٰ׷ɳѪ顣
һð̻Ϊһ̯ŧѪеֻ˼£͵˵ϣ֮ͳڣѪɱˡ
û뵽ԼѪһȻһֻˣٰ׵ŭָֻһ죬Ѫ֣ͬƷ͹һٴλԪ档
̵ֻӻԪ˳ٴεֵѪ
ʱ򣬻ԪʥţħֵͣѪĹ̫ǵ̫󣬿϶Ƕģһоˡ
ڻԪһȺĶ飬ͣڿУǵĶ˵ĴûԪ嵲סٰ׵ߣȻ˵ǴʥţħʱʱĹֽУǵҲˡ
ٰ״ŭЩô¶ôɳֵѪأ
Щ˼ΪֻҪԼٷѪ飬ûֵܵסˡ
һΣָ˿ڣѪ˳ȥ
Ľûκεĸı䣬ֻһķ˳ö½˶ٰ׵ѪΣٴ书
ٰڷŭˣҲԼ˻ûкãֱ˿ڴץһѣֶѪһһѪ˳ȥмٵ֮ࡣ
Ǹеͬ˳ٰ׵ǵ鷢ÿһѪ鶼һֻ䣬ѪҲһζûǸС
ԪȻʧܵĹܣֻȥģģĵƷ
ɣٰжѪ˦ɣ
ԪʱҲΪһ·ɵĶׯ˶ٰ⣬һȺҰޣַҲǸϹӿˣɴʹٰ̼̼װɣȫѪ˦⡣
ɮһԪŶٰ׵ɳ˹֣үүѪأζϧǴţ
˵ţԪ滹㵸Ť֮֫¡
ٰѪԽԽʢӶѪŻԪ湥ȥ
ͺӣһǰ壬һȺ壬˴ֹ֮ȷܣǱߵѪһ߾˳ȥֻһѪеȥˣеûϣ͵ȴٰһεѪ
ʮεѪ˳ȥٰѾɱ˽ӽǧ䡣
Ǹеƺ޾䣬ԼȥѪ󶼻ᱻЩһһֵ
ôʱսˣϴʧѪöٰͷԼ򵥵ļһҲʶȥˡ
ȡѪ˿ڳٳٲܺתһΪʧѪർս½
Ȼ־壬ǲѾʧȥ˻ж
ۿ²ΪٰײٴԼȡѪǿʼȫָ˿ڣ˿ںˣһԻɱĺС
ϣһѵѪֹԪֻϬţ͵ϮԼ
һԪ֪á
òײŽٰ˵̶ȣƾϣҪǰˡ
ȥ;Բ
Ԫһ£ʱ˵һ˳ȥǵص䵽˶ٰ׵ϡ
ٰ׶ҲƾԼһ
룬׷״˶ٰ׵塣
ԪܸܵǵЩ޴Ķ룬Ȼ޷ٰ˺
Ҷٰ׵Ͽʼð˿˿Ѫ˶
Ԫоãˣ
ЩΧ㣬кܶûü㿪ٰ׵ͻȻѪʢϲļǧȫɡ
ԪЩʧȥϵ̾ˣЩѾˡ
Ҷٰ̾ͽָ
Բԭˣ־ˣԪѾƴ˼


503 ķ
ٰ׵ǿ˻Ԫ֮⡣
ӵмٶȺԣѪĻظǱ̬ԼĻָһȣͺСӹҼҡ
Ѫħǿ˹ûԪǳͷۡ
Ҳţħٰײ˵ʱ򣬾õĻɱʱ䣬ϧЩѪ赲ûܰջᡣ
ҲٰҲЩˣŪĺˣδؾͲܺ¡
ԶһۣоѾָ˺ܶ࣬Ѫ
ǻԪ治ܵȴΪĶٰҲˡ
һϣ
˿̻ԪҲ˲ˣĻᣡ
ʥһһԾ̩ɽѹһͻٰ׵ͷƾĹֻҪһʵˣԻκ˵Դ
ţħҲĳ棬ͷĳңңָ˶ٰף׼ٸһ
ԪǷָһʽ򶫷ٰ׵ĿڣȻǰ׼Ͷٰⲫˡ
ԸٰףЩࡢþȵȻʧȥôˣҪսֶΡ
ڻԪһ˶޵ȫٰ˿Ҳţƺõòˣżһأ廯һ⣬ֱӶţħĳײһֻ˻ԪָһѪֱ˿еĴʥ
ֻӶԼвܴ󣬱Ƚ
Ԫۿٰ׹ʥ鼱֮´һҶ
͵ش˳ȥһɶûжٰѪ
ЧˣѪڿͺɢ
ƾȻⶳ˶ٰ׵Ѫ
һϲûԪޱȵ˷ܣȻа취ҪѪģ
ѪԪⶳʥûɫֱӶͷȥͷţһ£
Ԫ㶵ؿſУֻһѪеҲٰױеӡ
ѵʥһɻ˲ɣ
ô򵥵ģ
ͻ𣡴ʥĹУͻȻٰ״֣ݺݵһĻ˴ʥıϡ
ʥһݵԳص䵽˵ϣ֫ŵĺݺҽ˵
ٰͷ׷裬ֱӴӿ䣬Ҫʥһ
ԪոշƣԮ
ٰ䣬ۿҪԴʥ֣ţħ͵ٴγ˹
ţħʹʥƽվһ𣬱˴ϵУʥΣգţħ̾ͷܲĹֵ
ţħ˲ٶǼ侪˵ģٰһĻɱʥûǵڶײţˡ
һΣٰûܵ˺
ţħĶû̴ٰףֻƾײ˶ٰ׵ϡ
ٰױײѪ˫Ŀ֮к˸Ǽȷŭı֡
ڷɳȥ֮ǰؿסţħϵף
ûбײɣΪţħһףѪȥҲûʲôôֱõϡ
ٰ׵һ죬絶ͶţħףֱֱĲȥ
Ǻ׾Ȼû赲ٰ׵ֱۣ첲嵽ţħ档
ţħʹıѪ˿ڴɽ˳
ٰ׿ٵջֱۣٴ̧ʱѾѪƣһٲȥѪħͻӿ룬ţħͻͬһˡ
ûٴγ֣ԪѾһʩչŲ˶ٰ׵ǰ
ǻԪոջָһ㣬ٴʩչŲˣ̾ʹ˳˲䵽˶ٰ׵ǰ
̧־Ǻƴ˳ȥٰһѪƵİ׷ֿʼǣѸٵԪ˹ȥ
ǻԪĹԲûͣ٣Ȼ赲ȴֱֱײ˶ٰ׵ϡ
Ѹٵĳײ˶ţħϵ
ţħίٵصڵϣٰ׵һܴ˺ȻȥǺʹʥһǶҪʱĵϢ
ԪǺͶٰ׶ڵϹһš
ٰ˫һ̧ҪԪһ
ǻԪ׵֣磬˫ؿס˶ٰ׵
ٰӿҪѻԪ˫֡
ԪʱҲȫƴˣʥţħˣöٰ׻ָֻҲûлˡ
ӡǸ𣡡
Ԫǵͨ죬Ѿڶӿȫע˫֮ϣʮʩչӲĶס˶ٰ׵һʱ䲻ָܽȥ
ٰû˫ۣɴһſڣҪ³Ѫ
棬ٰ³ѪԪͶ޿ɶ㡣
Բ³ѪǻԪΨһͷһҲ˲࣬ͦԼĹͷŶٰ׵Ϻݺݵײ˹ȥ
ô֮ľ룬ٰױٴҲûеķ㣬ѪûԪһԴײϡ
ٰԲұѪħ壬쳣ǿģһǹ޷˺ֺ
ǻԪݣǿ壬۷徳ͷԴһ񣬺ݺݵײ˶ٰ׵ϣֻһ죬ٰ׵ıӶһ¸ײˣѪɽ˻Ԫһ
ײͲҪͣ
ֱֻڽϾԪԴҲͣˣһ½һµŶٰ׵ײȥ
飡飡飡
˵Ѫ«ٰǱײģԪϣҲմ˶ԷѪ
ԪͲͣһͣ£ٰ׵ѪͻˣΪ˻Ҳͣ
ٰ˫ֱץס޴ײȻˣǱȴûԡ
ʹѾеںЩƣȴо衣
ٰзĹԺİ׷ûֹͣǳŻԪ滹ƴײʱĵزסĲӡ
ԪһεȻײȥʱͻȻоԺһ֮Ȼûײȥ
ˢˢˢ
ٰ׵ĳס˻ԪĲӣһȦһȦס֮ͿʼᣬҪԪԴ泶һ
ȥʹԴҲԿϢģ
˵ȫֹٰ׵˫֣ʹϢʹʹϢٰ׵ڵõ˽ţҲһѪ絽ԼϣԼΪѪˮ
ԪΪ˷ֹѪħУҲ˲ץסٰ׵֣ɿ˫֣һǺƹٰ׵ţֹѪ
ûٰ֣Ѿֿס˫֣ȥԮ
ԪܿסٰףٰҲͬܿסϾٰ׵Ǽ侪˵ģȲ
˫ֱۣӱסԪѾ޷ƶˣٰѪģֲ¶̵Цݣſ˿ڡ
Ԫĵã군ˣûеֿˡ
Ԫ涼Щֿˣ̫ˣûлᣬԼѾʹ˻Ľ³
ʱ򣬲Զ˹ɣ̶סٰףĸһһͶΨһĻᣡ


504 
ĻԪоһżĺõˮһʱĻŭš
ڼֵˣڼֵָһ̣
ΪĺͶٰ׵ĳЩϢˣҪֿˣһ̻Ԫ˾
ͷ˵Ǳ׵ļ˳Ԫƣŵļ¡﷢һȡ
ˣ
һ˲䣬ٰ׵˫־ȻסԪ˫ˡ
ȻٰԲǱǿԲҲȱݵģǾ
ȻٶȺԻлָԶ֮ϣǲģûʮȫʮã书Ҳûдǿģһ̵ֵסԪ֮ıѡ
ǶٰҲѣŰ׷ƻԪĲӣһѪ˳ȥֱԪ
ۿѪԪͻȻģһǬŲֱӵ˶ٰ׵ı
ĴŲƣ
˶ٰ׵ı󣬻Ԫ˫ͬբһؿסļ
Ҳˣ۲סٰ׶ʱ䣬ֻƾһ̶ٰ
ûʹùǧ׹һ˳˫һɽһվ˵ϡ
˫ٷٰ׵屻Ԫ뿪˵棬ϾԪڶٰ֮ϡһҲһơ
Ԫ˫Ŀʱȶٰ׻죬ǰĶٰ׻ڷŭš
Զɳ۶ϣ졭Ҽֲסˣ
ŻԪӺסٰףЩԥˡԻԪɣӴȥ»˵㡣
Ԫû˵ֻǷĺһ죡ٷϻ
ݺݵһҧûʱˣٰѵĻԼͻԪһҲˣһֵ̲ʱ
ܺͷ湵ͨ÷ӣһܶһٰɡ
˫ǰһ£˫֮һŽɫϢѸۡ
ǽ֮УһۣԽԽ
ɣһ֣Ըᱣ㣡
죡
Ԫɳˣٰ׵ԽԽҡǰ׷ĲԼĲӣԪǰڣʶģˡ
ĵһڳ֡ǲû̷ɳȥ
ڶҲʼԽԽ
ƣҪͬﵽ
ٰ׵ͷѾյ˻Ԫ棬ɱ˵ķ֮ʵʵĹҪһ˿ѪӲ
ѽȣ
һʨӺǻԪźȫٴα
ٰ׵ĹԪ˫յ죬ͨˣһȫĹͷˣǶٰ׻û¡
Ԫֻ֧һ˲ѣ֣öٰԼҪˡ
ɣСˣ
ȫɡ
ʮԴʽȥ
׼ʱ䳬ʮʽ֡дһԽǵһצĳ˳ȥԽʮɿռ䣬ŶƵĶ˳ȥ
ٰȻԪסãһֱעŶ
ϺȻǷһΪɵٰоһϢ˹
ҪƽʱҪȻһ̲УĺѾˣʱѲ
ƺЯŷٰ׵ѸٵĹ͵һ磬һʵʵѪŽӭȥ
֮ǰٰѪûһŨѪħľڣ
һΣѪûȫڻ˶Ľ
Ѫ֮Сһ뻹࣬ɫѪɫСǳ˹صײ˶ٰ׵ĸ
ײ˲䣬ٰѪţӲĵֵĵһ
һ죬ҡһ£ٰһ˿Ѫ˵òء
Ԫڶٰ׵ҲǸƺһ˫֣ɿŶٰף˲ûе¡
ҲΪĽԭ
ûнһʧˣڶڳ棡
Ѿʵ廯ˣһ˫۷}˵⣬ݷ¹ǵ⵶һֱٰ׵ؿڶ
ٰ׸оΣգոһѪεˣ״̬Ѿûʱˡ
а취
ͷ׷𣬷ſ˲ƻԪĲӣͬߣǰ̵Ľȥ
ȫҲԱֹЩ׷Ȼڽǰһʤ࣬ޱȣ
ʼʱͬݿһ·ǰЩ׷ǱϣǱϢճɻҡ
ϷأҲڰ׷ľ֮ԽԽСٰǰʱ򣬲ȵһ١
һΣٰ׵ĻѪְ˲٣ǱһĽ
ڶںݺݵײ޴ܵĶٰؿڣ
ٰ׺ͻԪ汻ײĵ˳ȥ
ԪĲõͷţʵĿԭѾٱȻٴεõһ˿ȻѾ΢ˣȴ֧ɿŶٰ׵壬Ҳֻһӣȷʵڼš
ٰһѪ˳ǰһƬΣǱ˵ġ
ѾסԼĻԪˣ޿κΣƴˡ
һ˶ٰףͬ˺ĻԪ棬ٰѪԪҲѪˣոջָһһ»ҷ
Ǳû֣ͣҲһڷ˳
ٰѾû˻ֻҪһУսҪˡ
ǶٰʱǷ˻Ԫס˫֡
ʹʧȥ˴󲿷ǣٰ״˿̶һ쳤Хĳ嶯
ǰˣֻҪĺУϺеĽԴԼ
ĺѾʧȥȫϺʵҲûдﵽ׻ָĳ̶ȣͼԸԼˡҷǿ֮Ҳǿ֮ĩˡ
ٰţԼһ˽񣬳ײƽ£
ĻԪѾ泯µˣõŵĶٰ׾ҪԾնһ
Ǳ߶ǰһڣҪˣ
ԪڶٰµĹУһ
ӥײȥ
ѰٻĽӥһóԼﵽٵĳݺݵײ˶ٰ׵ıϡ
ӥǿһײҲٰܴʲôʵԵ˺
Ǿô򵥵һײȴöٰױҪԾͣˣٻһ¡
Ҳǰٷ֮һĳٻûжȥ
ڸղűţħһ󶴵ĵط
һֱӽʮֵľ޴͸ٴγ֣ûѪĺͻѪĵֵᴩ˶ٰף򶫷ٰĻԪȥ


505 
һĶٰ׵ĻѪڶĻѪ״ɢɱ֣ǵ
һôãȻ֮ţħȫһײҪһͽٰ׵ĸһ
⻹㣬ǰŶٰĻԪȥ
ԪڵĹ֮Уûȫ£ײȥʮĽ
ǧһ֮ʣӥһ˻Ԫǰ
ϵͳ֮ӻԪΪˣ޷ˡ
ֱײ˽ӥϣʹɢ
ӥܴһ弸ȫڣûзһУʹȥ
Ԫڵڳ֮У˵ؿȥĽӥû뵽ԼôãΪԼĽӥȥ
ѾûˣȻûʲôˣʵ̫ʱ̵Ǳƶָûˡ
ͬԪһµģжٰס
ѪħǿĻָҲֵסˣٰû̫ʹ֪Ҳûսˣһͬ
𺳵ǣ˿˿Ѫڻָٰ׵ķʽ޴˿һֲ˼ٶںϣ
ôǿһҲľ޴󡣶ڵĻѪħϢֿʼŰˣȵòʱֹͣԸٰףϥ
Ϊʱ̽ӥ淽ɵֵԼĽɱ˲û£ŷһЩ
ѪħѪȳȥⶫѪħѪħ⣬ûܹˡ
սһʱ˶ݵƽ
ԪͶٰ׶ˣʥţħҲˣӥǾʹȥҲΪѪħãղŻûȳĳƽˡ
ԪˣʶѣǿöƤĶٰס
һشȻûȥ
Ԫһ£һԴͷףˣûз̵Ļᡣ
ֻ㣬Ԫֻǵȴָһ㣬ֻҪһͺá
ûȻԪоָһ㣬Զ˽Ų
Ԫˣ۾ضǸ𽥿ˡ
˲ܶԲֻܶǶ˵ĻܿҲ޷ѹֻѪħѪ
˵˵㡭ľȻûз㣿˭
㲻ʶңҿʶ㣬Ϲ֣û뵽ҲΪԲһǱʧˡ
ԪһѵŤһͷ˵һۡ
ĲǱˣĪа
һߵĪаʥ̵Ľ㲻һڶ壬ôֲᷢˣ
⣬ԪҲܲ죬ûֲĪа
ĪаЦһϹ֣ҪΪԲʲô֪ҪǱݲģҲԲжٰڣעϣֲġ
Īаشһ䣬ͷ˻Ԫ棬ûԪҲڿ
һ䣡ǿܸţȻ˶ٰףֱǲ˼飬Ҫ֪Ƕٰ־壬ﵽˡľ磬Ȼ£ҪǾԲŵġ
ԪǿЦһ£֮ĪŵأҪƶɮŵĻġ
ĪаҲЦһ˵ĻǱҪ˵ãѲ⣬һΪҲ̫ñˡ
˴˱˴ˣĪͳһ֮Σء
𣿱ڳ֣ɱͶϹֻ֣ʲô𣿡
ʱͻȻĪаҪڳԣ಻ĿڻѪħ֮ǰɵ㣬ֻҪ
ĪаСǶһЩɵ
ʱ߾ߣҪ֣ϺһԼƴģһƴԲʹǶ̶ʱ䣬ҲĪаֵܹġ
һ䣬յѪսͷβ˵ǳ⣬кܴɷ֣ȻնվһߣǱͷһ
ĪаЩڣ֪ٴ˹վͿһսˡ
˵ԺĪа߹ȥٰ˺۵
ٰײҲûǿθС˰ɣһ䣬Ϲ֣ǺڣһΣǾûôõˡ
ոĪаͻȻͷԻԪ˵һ䣺һ㣬ϣһܺ׵Ʋϵעˡ
Ԫ濴ĪаһۣˡƶɮܴӦһǰ֣İɡ
Īаһ㲻ӦҲ޷ֻϣǲҪ׵ļŭңҪϷ¶ġ
˵һûͷûβĻĪаŶٰѸٵԶݡ
Ԫ濴ȥЩĵĶϡ
Ҳ̾Ϣһɣû취ˣΪղʩչѾǿѹƻѪħѪˣٶĻֻ¡
ˣֵٰܵһΣһĻһʵǿ
Ԫ氲ο˵һ䣬ȻͲĬĬĻָ
һֱ˰ʱԪǿվûг׻ָ
Ԫӥʬ壬ȴط֣ӥʬѾȫڣˡ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôԪȻ˽ӥȥҲû취ֻĬĬؽʵ
ϣһϵͳܹýӥϾϵͳ֮ܸҲ˵
ָ֮󣬻ԪһǸţħֹѪһﰤ˶ٰһƣ˲ᣬѪҲ٣ҿ㹻ӴѪҺҲ㹻ֹ࣬Ѫ֮һʱ仹ָܻ
ڴʥǱеķˣҲ̫ѻָ
򵥵ĸһﴦһ£ֹһڳ׽ѪħѪȳڡ
ѪǳһԻԪɣ⻯ѪħİԵ̶ȣԶԶĵ󣬹ưǰҲˮƽⶫٰףô
ʱ򣬻Ԫ潫ѩڷһ
Ժ󣬶ԻԪɣĪаҰĲҪһͳѾΪжȥа
˵һ£˴ζٰܵشҪһʱ䣬ܼǻûд⣬һǾǵֵסġ
ԪҲͬĻһĪаЩˣʱ̱вȻڻȥԸ޷˹ѪôһսĽͲһˡ
ֵӵ٣Ҳ٣ܹսгģ̫٣ҲһƺͽܹУ˶̫Զ֣ȱӦԸֵĵơ
Ԫ˵ͷʱԼˣֵطչԺˣĦҲҪó
оֵɽѧһ޺ҲӦõǽӴˡ
ʱɽһƺͻԪԶԶ˹
ǵߣһˣԪں˵̾͵ôûƭǰɣҾ˵ǻûµģɣȻû£ҵ˰ɡ


506 ȫ
˫صԪϣ˺ЩŵҪȥ̸̸
ͷȥɣʥһǿжˣĴǻȥ
Ԫ˼˫
һƺͻԪѯ˺һȷɺͳȷʵǿУĻŭţͬʱҲԼ˫ʾ塣
ԭڻԪչһʱ˫Ǹľͻ֣ɳûС
ΪԪԻԪнʲôش¼ԼԪȻǽɵƾ˫ݣȴûоŻԪ档
ż˫Ԫʩ֪ƶɮк£
˫ԻԪһȭɣһǷʦ뷽ǰġ
ǰԪֻʹӦˣԽԽΣҲкܶɻ
һУҲڱеģµģԪ滹Ҫȥ
ͻȻʧȥ˽ӥԪҲγգж㣬;ıɳ;ˡ
־һζٰ׵飬ԪҲʶҪǿĸ֣ǿе֮ʱܼǿһԼûпõˡ
ԻԪ滹Ҫһʱ䣬鰲׵ܿǳ
Լ˫ʩҲָոǿȻûʲôʧҲ¶˲ٵǣƶɮ´Щ飬ʱܸʩǰˡ
˫Щżصɣ˻ЩˣȻǿǿƺȥˣ֮Ǿ޿ˣ¿һٵģƺɲڡҲɡ
Զǣнǣȱݱ¶ˣҪοһУҲػֻûһǲģƶɮܷȥ
˫Ԫ̬ȼֻһǷɾԸⲻԸһأ
Ԫ룺ƶɮֵ飬ȷڲ⣬Ҳͬʩǰȥ
Ƿɿɷһʱ䣬
ԪһڵʱסɽҰ򣬵ƶɮߵæˣԻȥ֪ͨ㡣
˫˵ͷԻԪǷɿҪ죬¹شʵĳʱѾܾˣǷȥˣмʦĿܡ
ԪҲȻ㣬˫˵϶ǵõ⣬Ȼ˵ˣôҲҪ£Լֵʱ仹治̫

ɺͳƽأ˻衣
ԪصԺĦƶʹˡ
ֵԺʮѾ뱸޺áááĦáԺԺľؾ󡢷ԺˣΨһǷȱһǳԺԺҲȡġ
ԺźͷԺһٶȣƣԲ㳣֮С
ʵãáԺĦڶˣаúͽԺٶȣıٶȡ
Ħıٶȣ屶ٶȡ
⼸ÿڳ֮󣬲еɮҵĵص㡣
ΪˣԪרá
ԺԼĵӻԪΣıٶȼӳ£ӾڶľҲԶˡ
õԼĵӻ۵ΣĿǰ۵ںȣȹһȶû۵۵
ĦõһԵΣһĿǰʵڶ壬ԪδĦõϣܹͻƼޣٳ߸ͷһһԲ
Ȼ뷨ЩһԸԲôõģһͻƵϣ
ʹͻԲҲȡһ屶ٶ£Խػսޣպħ̶ԿһҲ
ԶԪĦԶǼõģһ֮£ȻҲᱻȽҹΪӣֻǴЩ̰ͼ֣ķϡ
Ƚҹĸӣ໨ܿԲѾԲĪаԲֻоԶ
ھԶڣı٣ľ澭Ԫϣܾڶ塣
˾ԶĦ⣬һֱһһҲ׼ĦãΪһֱ书̫ɲУԪһ񣬾ﵽڲı£Ŀ겢롣
һӼޣĿǰһڣһڣԪһ䵽һĺ棬һﵽڵʱһҲﵽ׷һ硣
úͽԺԺˣٶҲܻķˡ
˻һʮЩΪ屶ľﲻ⣬ĻֱԱԵӴﵽԲߣ鿼ǽ
ԪĿ꣬ȡ̵ʱڣһ
һ޺һȫҪɣһˣôǶԿԲ
ú޺ãԪʱ벻ô࣬ʣɮҽȥ
ʱڣֲɮÿʮСʱʱĶ⣬ʣʱһ
˹ܴ˯ˡ
ڳԷһɮͣҲö࣬һηʮڱ꣬һʱ䶼顣
ûлκͻƵ˵ӣԪ治뿪ÿڡ
ݻԪƣٰ׻ȥ֮ڲظϾһսڶٰ׵Ҳܴ˵Ҳ㹻أҪһˡ
ֻлѪħаŶ书ͳٰĹ
Ԫãٰ׵ΪΪܺ󣬲ŵõǿ塣
ȻֻǻԪĲ²⣬Ŀǰûκεƾݡ
һ˽ԼĽʮƴȥԻԪ˵ˡ
ҪԴĽʮƣһҪһҪﵽľ硣
ԭΪԲͿɸˣٰ׵ĳָͷһϼһҲƴˣĲٻķʱ䣬ԼҪҪڵӡ
ҵ˭Ԫ沢֪ڹܲôˡ
֮ڣһɮӰˣ˻Ʒɺĸ׻ƻõ˻Ԫ͸˲κ֥ȫ˼Ͷĵҩȥˣûˡ
ְҹıûʱȥڷɵ֮£ֵӶƴȡͻơ
еĽӴˣȫɮ
úһУԪһͷ˷Ժ棬ʼһֵ
ڵѾﵽһ߾ŵֱֻҪͯӹͻƵһװ㣬ô֤Ԫͯӹڵľ硣
ٰ׵ʱ򣬻ԪͲһˣٰʮһ£ôԪھȵĳԽڶ壬һεսҲǱˡ
˫ɽµҰÿˮĵµϢÿ춼ûϢ
ˣܵɽȥˣȴ¼һĺеĶҲˣһֱſڵ֪ɮڶûӰˡ
ÿ˶ǽŲҴңһæµľ
¾ͺһߵĻɽڻһ緢Ʋɵ


507 ʲô?
ֵһֱ¶ʮգ½صˡ
ȳصˣӡ
Ϊͻƶûжãͻƿɲô׵ġ
ӣЩڰúͽԺڲͣ޵ĺԲǣʼ½ȡͻˡ
Բٽ죬Ѯÿ춼ͻƵ쾳磬еʱһ֮ڼͻƵġ
Լʮ쾳֮󣬻ԪҲһͯӹͻƵڡ
ڵͻƵһװ˵ֱʱͯӹѸͣʼֱ׷з̬ͥơ
ﵽڣڵһֱͣѸٵӵһ׾壡
ʮ幫ֵӵ൱ɹ۵ģԪԵظоʱ򣬻Ԫشﵽڶ壡
ѾԽڵĶ壡
ڻԪԳƵԲ֮µĵһˣ
һٰ׺ԼӲƴʱ򣬻ԪܹѹʱҲڱסˡ
ǲģԪһ׾ֱ󣬾ͻƵס
ʱ޷ͯӹͻƵڣԪʱҲˡǱڤͻƵڣôֱܵף
ҪԵġԪҲҸ
ͻ֮󣬻Ԫ濪ʼעֵӵ
ȴԪ澪ϲǾԶһˡ
ԶʱĹͻͽ߲ݵı£Ĺ٣ڵص·Ѿ߳˺Զһξ룬ȻڶɺԶѾǿɼˡ
һǸԼˣһ£ͻƵ쾳İÿ춼ģ˭ڷܡһѾﵽڵĶ壬ڲԶˡ
⣬ľڵʮ˸˽ٶҲܿ죬屶ĸ٣춼ˡ
ڣʮڣԼľǰ˽ọ́ʮ˸ͻˣʮڵĻҲΧԲǿ
ʣ˶вСȵĽǻûܴﵽûԪ澪ϲĵز
ҲӵıûԪ濪ģںڵľˣӶǺԲ쾳Ҳﵽ˶ʮˡ
ԪҪһ˸쾳磬вСĲࡣ
˵ϲ˵ģûԪġ
ʱӦûƽһʱ䣬ʱڣԪ治ˣǰһС
ûãˣԪһȻؤϷֶķֶղӡ
Ԫ濴ղӾ;Щ棬ΪղӵľȻҲﵽ졣
׼ҵУƷɺǺԲΪԵʣղΪǰؤԵףѾܾò֣Ԫ滹ΪĹķˣû뵽ȻȻƷɺû졣
ղӿԪ棬̵׼ҵղӣɡ
ղӣ㲻ؤֶ棬ܻ˿ǲá
ɣİɣʦ˵ˣûˣõı˿һһһֱҪ߷ɡ
ȵȣʦǺˣ
ԪӡղӲûо˭Ϊʦôðʦأ
ϰѾΪӣҪΪûʽңԲʽӡ
Ϊͽˣ
Ԫоܾ棬֮ǰȷʵԼ˵ҪһͽܣǻԪû뵽ղӣΪĻۻΪǺרҵԿڡ
ǵģʦ˵ˣҪʮȫڸңҿڹһҹඥһΣͻƵ죬ȡȻȥؤλá
Ԫ΢΢ͷѾĿģղĿľΪؤµһ
ؤںУͶԼԼһսѾʧȥһֱֻۣܻؤܶ󻹲ϷȨؤѾǽ£µһˡ
ʱʱղõ洫ضһΪġ
ֻû뵽Ȼղӹඥ
Ԫ˵ͷղӵƶɮк£
ģɣؤӷһΪܶô㱨һ¡
Ԫ΢Цղӣʩնδհôôأл˵ɡ
ԪЦղŵɫ԰ףæڵأɣҿɲʲôղֻ׼ҵӣǷȰҲʽˣղʲôģֱ˵ͺˣǧĪҪˣղź¡
Ԫһ£ʱͻȻʶΪԼһֱĶֶЩֶݶԱ£ûоԼôԽС
Щײ㡢вʿУԼѾ֪ߵһ൱ߵλϡ
Ȼ˵µһѾǽɵС
ʹǺȵˡô˲Ҳ
Լеڶ֣ʵǿǸ߸ϵĴڡ
ǵ̬ͱˣֻǻԪԼ̬û
ЩдǻԪ沢ûнصԶڵֻǲȫء
΢һ£Żղӵղӣƶɮ֪⣬أպǰʱƶɮγƺ㣬㶼Ҫϰߡ
ףִ֪硣
˵㾿ʲôϢ
ղӿɲûκֵ˼΢һ£վģ⼸ڽϴټţͬҲһЩˣڵؤ书ߣʤڶ࣬ӵǣʡеӲ֪顣
Ԫ΢΢üûղʶԼڷǰţˡ
æٺ٣ؤҲûʲôأĪ֡
صǸ˵
ǰЩʱ򣬵ʵ۵ǻ֮ǰڳʱǸľսһ˾֪Ӿ϶ľǷɵĵˣֵĵˣֵĵˣǶǶĵģֻҪϣӾпܵõϢ
õ˿ľеϢ
ûľ˺ϣ׼ȷ˵ǾϣϷȥˣǵĵںţȥʲô
ո˵꣬ղʶڷǰӣæĿڵǵ˾෽飬ͨ˿ľߵˣ֪Ϻһˡ
ղӵĻԪʱһˣʲô٣ǲħ٣
Ǻֻ֪Ǻܹص١
͸ʲôˣ
Ԫ𺳣ħٵĻô硭
͸ʲôֻпľǵû
Ԫ΢΢ͷûϢˣ
ûˣĿǰʹô࣬ǵһ·ſľеأ;˱ǣ׷ܿ׷ϡ
ʲôʱϢ
죡
ܺã
ԪƵƵͷղӵúܺãھʹȥľе٣Ͳȥ
صõϢǲħ٣ƾľеݣԪ涼ܷŹ
Ͷ仨֪Ĳ࣬ýľн£ʸ
һڶĸ֣ƶɮʵﵽһʲôز


508 ʱ
׷ϿľĹ̻˳ؤӵ£ԪŰٶҲںϱ߾ĵ׷˿ľ
ΨһûԪǣڲֻпľһˣУҲǾڵĳϣľʦܡ
Ϊ˶ǰûؤӲûע⵽ˡ
˵ıҲͣȥȿľҲࡣ
ԭƻһǿУڱ鱨ʧ
ǻԪ沢ûؤӣһҲãҲգԪ涼£ͯӹͻڣԪѾһжˡ
ľҲû뵽ۿͳˣȻµһסˡ
ڵһ䣬ľʦ뿪
ľŻԪһУȻڳй֣ϣ㲢ûʲôԹڴ˽סģΪ
ڿľ֮ʣԪ沢⣬΢ЦľʦԲӣƶɮ֪Уƺ˵֮һȻ겻μ˼ᣬһǲģƶɮڴˣȻɲŲˣ֪ʦɫҴңҪȥأ
ľЦһһ䣬㻹żëˣɣѾˣҲˣ뵱ͽΰɡ
˵Щζؿ˻ԪһۣĻҪһ䷽ɣ𣬾˳ˣ㲻ĵжˡ
ڿľ˵öһ£ԪǶãȻ˳ˣôͬƶɮһˣһ°ɡ
֣Ƕ˳ˣʲôľʦԱ˵һ䡣
ӷ𣡡
ԪͻȻһţʿ֯ʹˣ˵ͼ룬˵˳˳ģȻѾ˳ôͱ뽫һ齻
ľ˰֣һ䣬˵ڶƽϣǻҪҪ죬ǰ飬ȥȲ١
Ԫվûס·׼ľǵͨ
Ԫ治ΪľһʦЩջˣһ䣡ǲǾΪУ
ԪЦЦƶɮǾΪУ㾻ʵѼ仨̣Ϊ˵ͽǺƶɮΪвŶԡ
ԪĻһ䣬ľʦͬʱɫľһ䣬㾿Ҫʲô
ƶɮҪܼ򵥣ϵĶҿɡ
ԪĻЩŵĿľͻȻ˵Ȼص˵ħ𣿡
Ȼľ̬ûԪЩԾǵ˵ͷĶħ٣ƶɮȰǻǽ㡣
һ䣬˵òħǲǣҲ㣬Ѿˡ
ˣ
ûʵɣħǽίƶɮ̵ܽģѾܽˣκ˶ûʸȾָ
ľе̣ܽѩԭˣǻԪûںľĻħǶģֻ䵽໨УѵͳĶɣ
ȻԼˣǾһҪ
Ԫ޶Եӣľһֶţٵĸо
̲סһһ䣬㲻Ҫ֪ô㻹һغУȻ֪ʱ֡
Ԫ㲻ΣƶɮȻ֪ʱ֣졢ǧ硢ǳз֮ɽʱ֮ڣƶɮβ֪
֪ͺã㣬ܽʱ־ƿʱ־ˣ˵֮һйתǶ֪ã½һħپҪõģħ٣ǵ֮ܽʱûܾȵ㡣
˿ľĻԪ滹һȤ¼仹һƶɮšǵӶܳ۳£
ԪķŪһʱ䲻ÿڣľһŵ㲻òţ׿˵Բм٣һħٺܽ̽ƷҲʹ㲻ƿʱֵ˴ڣѵ֪ɣ
֣Ԫ֪Ǿ໨룬໨ӦԲˣ˿ҲǿĶ֡
Ԫһʱû˵ľЩصһεƷ¹£κ˲ƻ˭ƻˣµˣĵˡ
ԪЦؾ໨ɣƶɮҲҪȥʶʶǺҲҲضԣٽħ£Ȼһߡ
ľԱߵܲˣԿľʦ֣СвǾڣһغϻˣʰ˾ˡ
˵ԺһһҵĿٷ˶
ľǺ붯֣ǿԼʦˣʱҲûа취ˣ˫һӣڶɱ
Ԫͯӹɣıʱ򣬶ӭҲǻȻ壬˫һӣֱӾɱȥ
ĸ֮սһţ
мһ֪ûУľʦܣˣһڶ壬ӽȻܿ·硣
һ£߶֮ͬ䣬ת޹ҰǴﵽڶеı֣
ҺͿľֱӶԹ֮УڶĿľȻмԵмܲסĸо
ڳֵʱȣеĽֱò˼ݡ
˼Уľ֪ãʦܵλʦСģеĹ̫ߣҪýշħ
Ļû˵꣬ϵͻȻ˱仯
Ԫ˫Լʦܣһ͹ÿľļǰƼֱ;ףֱӽľɡ
յľʦܾ͵ùˣԪһʨӺͷԷΣָ˫˫˵ء
ľۿãֱӳڣڵħץĳᣬն𣬾Ҫݡ
ոԾûɸߣһɾǿ̲סˣ겻塣
ԪںʩչǴ󷨣ԿľľУ£
ʱ򣬿ľҲ˲ñħˣСҪ
ħֱӶŻԪ˹ȥľһ䣬ٸˣҪСˣ٣µˣ˴νײɣպͿ̵̿ܽ˶Źģ
Ԫںľޱ߼ʵؽֻǵħˤ˲üǴȥץľǶħʩչǴ󷨣ֱӽյС
滹һ鲼ĲԪ潫ȥһȻǶħ١
ʱ򣬿ľѾܳȥͦԶˡ
Ԫ濴ԶݵĿľվûȥ׷
˵ԼͿľ޳Թֻڳйһν㲻óˡ
ҿľȣݷЩҲ̫·ȻǼ仨̣Ϊ໨£ɻԪҲһҪ¶֡
ҪģԼУеĹҲѷɫľ٣׷ľǾҪˡ
Լѯ仨̵ʲô飬Ҳһġ
ֻǿľ˵ЩûͷûԵĻȥƺȫǱġ


509 !!
ľˣʦûܣԪѨˡ
Ԫûѯ飬ϾҰ⣬ʲôв㣬ǴȥʲôҲ˵
ǸϳĳѾɵˣ˰ĿľˣȻһСлˣ
С˵ʲôҲҲˣڻԪ£ʼߣɽȥ
УǱԪסѨӵ˳棬ԪţƾԼѨû忪Ѩġ
Ԫһߣʼɽȥ
һζԪͻȻоھЩ棬æ򿪳Ĵۿ
һ֮£Ԫʱ󾪣ԭѾѪȻҪˣ
ԪĵһӦܡ
жѨˣԼԲȥɱģֻǱ¶
Լʲôлȥ¶أ
ѵԲ
ģԲˣֱʰԼǴ߾ˣﻹҪֽŵȥ¶أ

ԪͻȻʶһǳ⣡
ȥʵܲֻкڵӣûôΨһл¶ģҲֻˡ
æǰȥͻȻӭһ
Ԫ͵һƣЩɢǻǲɱһЩ
򿴵Ԫж̹ЦСУ군ˣ仨̵Ļûнҩģ㻹ǹԹԵȥɣ
𣬲ƶɮ֮ǰˡ
ԪȻ˻˾澭ǰٶ֮壬Ȼκá
ǸһԪȻû£Ӷɳˣ⡭ⲻܡ
˵ŻͻȻ˫ͻץٿʼѪ
ԭԪĶ̣ԪһɢԼһЩһ̻Ȼʹ˵ء
Ҳˣصȶۿͻˡ
ԪҲ˵ʲôζԼɱȻˣǺ˲ɷɻ
ȥڵУҲǽˡ
ҲɱʣȴҶҲǵ
İ֮£Ҳûлȥ󣬻ǻԪһˡ
ϾǷˣԪҲǵʬôƣһӣʩչǴ󷨣˵ʬȥȻ󽫿
Ȼûеõ仨̵ϢǱϾûħ٣һҲǲУߵļۣԪٶȺܿ죬һʱ·¡

ص£ɽǰʱӭԼĲֵӣҲ֪ɮԶһֱҰļ˫
˫һʱˣԪͼеصɣɻˣЩȥɣٲȥĻˡ
кģ
˫ҹҹ󣬷֮С˵Ҳףô˵ɣĽѣоȣҲ֪ôˣһ赲˼ǵУ˿жˡ
жˣ
Ԫ滹Щ̫ס
ǵģ򵥵˵һһƻ飬Ūıоȵľ棬Ҳûˣ鼸ǲתˣ±ضң㻹ȥɣʦ˼һа취
˼˫ĻԪ治ЩģòԼħ٣ʲô仯ɡ
ľһǿһεħٽ¹£˭ƻ˭µˣѵԼϡͿľ͵˹˲ɣ
ͷҲڻԪһţ벻ܻôɵġ
Լ˫ʩƶɮߵҲòˣڻȥֽһ£һͳΣ
ҲãʱҲˣȥ׼׼ɣЩߣҲܵƺӶɿڡ
Ԫ˵ͷ˫¡
ڵûнʹЩոճͻƵˣҲǼ򵥵һ£Ͷ֮С
һηɺͳ϶ԵУЩż岻֣¶ԴҵĴ̼ܴ
оЩɮΪ飬սҲԸ⵱һԹߡ
һεҶǷǳгɣҲΪֵδ
ַΧûԪǳ⣬ȥ֮ǽħڷԺڲغá
ԺİǾ԰ȫĵطѾղ˲ٹصĶ
ΪҪģŵѪħͼ
񻹲Īаݷ硢ﻹţʲôʱռȫȫѪħͼԪ֪ˡ
ħ٣Ҳŵ档
ʰһ¶һγŲͬգȥ˵Ļһ¶ҪΪû˽ӥض㣬ôĶһҪϡ
ȾǵҩԭƵĵҩѾõĲˡ
ԪŴ󻹵ʣЩ󻹵ֵӱá
СͽҩҲһЩⶼǳõҩƷ
Ƥߣʱ򲻷ַɵ¶ʱ򣬾ҪõЩƤˡ
⽫ȪҲˣĦҲǲѧһʱҪвʲôģȪôҲȲ񵶺Ͳ˵á
ԪĴ̨һʵ̫أֵεط
һж׼ˣԪڷԺһҹ
뿪֮ʮٵĴûˣԪץһõʱ䣬ֶ
ڶ峿ԪԼǰ򣬿ڶʱڲܻ
ԸԪһСΪϣҸ߻Ԫ棬֮ڿ϶ܶڣοѾʢƵĹȥʱҪע⡣
ԪһһӦĿǰ֪ģ໨򣬶ţҲ򡣻صҲɽɽҲ
Ȼ𼺹Ҳ޼ɡ
ϣԪ뿪˷Ժô֪ͨһơ
һƴ֯һӿɮǰ򣬻ԪҲͬˣڿԼҪǰһˣһгɣҲԴǰ򣬻һ档
һûлԪִı죬Ԫ˵֪꣬ȥѾҲûгͣǼ
ö鶼ˣԪԸСĿŻѾĩԪ˵Լھ³֮ǰһ
Ϊ³žѡӣ¹ϵͳ񣬻Ԫ治ܵ顣
еиϣԪ뿪£ûκԼĵɽȥ
ɽ¼˫ѾɽŴȴһˡ
˷ԸսԪȥѾȥ˽ĸ£κ˶
ԪŰɽ˫ɣ鶼ٺˣ
ٺˣھͿԳˡ
̫ˣĳһѾĸ£ϣһлü
ӷ𣬼ʩģ࣬һжûµģ㷢˶ŵʱȴ֪Ѿڽ͵͵Ŀһȴ
Ԫ΢Ц˵һ䣬Ծǳ޴ȳ˳ȥ
˫ǱȲԼİģԪš
ûһʹ˫
ʦҪȥôʲô


510 仨̸
ݣشȶˣĿкʢƹΪӽĵطҲ˿֮·ϵ
Ԫڵ磬һ󽫾ȥūͼһµġ
ʲô̫ȴǧŵݴʡ
ƺԶϰƼ䣬һƬ³ɽǼѺԹ粻Źء
ҹⱭϴߣɳĪЦս˻أ
ȥһ޼ʵĴĮĿɶֱݡݡݡɳޡ
ȥ·˿֮·ӶҪ塣
ȻشĮԻĿľȴȽϸԣ֮ʢڵصһЩй֮
ĿѾȫԶ֣֮ݸǱԶΪĹѾĸ࣬Ҳʢƹ
ΪʢƺʹĵıҪ壬ǽ䱸ɭϣлƺذǽķ̨غӾӪһʢƾͼ͵Ϯʿͻ̽빥״̬
Զܴ֪ʢ˵ĵǾǻƺȻϰ߲ʧôʢ˾ͲʹĽȫս״̬ػƺӡ
ĿΣҲʢڵصĹϵ
ԸӶΣԶͶµսԣȻȡ˳ɹݸոնʧʱʢƾ֯һЩˣѾϢģˡ
ƺذѲȽϣԪͼ˫ݱ߾ӵʱ˴ľ̲顣
ԪһУ˫ȥһҲǴľӾûʲôвԣһͷǹȥˡ
˵ƥҲ˻ƺӣ֮ݳǶȥ
˫ûи߻Ԫʲôطֻ˵ҪһֱߣҪߺԶһ·
𽥽ӽݳǵʱ򣬼˫߻Ԫ棺ɣǱ˶ˡ
ԪҲ΢΢ͷĹһЩٵȻֻܹ֪ǵǸʲôġ
˫ԻԪɣЩͨľ֪ǸʲôģЩ˻ܿϰˣĽ仨Ϊ𣬸ǵˣһҲ仨̵ġ
ںԪ滹治Ϥǰǳӥֱɽģûо˽κ
˫ɲصģֻҪû쳣ľٶǾͲ鷳ȥϢϢȻֱ·ˡ
ԪʵʩʲôˮԴ֮أ
˫һ£˵ɳǱضǣ˵ˮԴûм롭ҲһȪݺɳ֮һȪˮԴˡ
Ȫ˼˫ĻԪ뵽ںҲһССľȪԼţ˵ǻѡˮԴĵط᲻ھȪ֮أ
Ȼʩ˵ʦߣƶɮǾͲؽݳϢˣֱ߾ˡ
Ԫ˵˫æͷȻǺãֻǻҪȥģԽƥȻȥͷգ㹻ʳˮϾɳĮ;ûʲôصġ
ԪʶǼɳĮشˣڵߣȻãҲܴա
ǰռ˫ĻȥݣƥĴ棬Ȼͷգʮˮңʳûд٣Ͼ˶ڹʮıٹȶСһ
ڼ䣬Щ仨̵˻һֱмǡ
ԪҲЩˣֻʰԼĶ
ûпֵһ䣿
ľбϢ˵Ļ㱨
ʦģǸַǽصӵˣͼ˫һƺӾͱǵ˷֣һֱǵڣգҪȥˡ
ľвЩҧгݣһ䣬ոƶɮħ٣Ȼڻеӵѵ㲻֪ѾǴĹ仨̵𣡡
ľһ˷ߺޣµ˵ʦҪҪСȥټֵܣһ¡
ľ˰֣أȥҲãһı²ġ
ҪҪ֪ͨӣһӹٱһòǶ˰ɡ
ƶɮٺ˵һ飬һıѾͨ˿˶ܶԸˣǾ͸Ҽţȥϣֽܹһɡ
ľ뿪Լڵķ䣬ǾסĵطڵһԺ䣬˼䣬һ䷿ſڣš
ǿľʦɣ
Ҳͬʱˡ
ľ˷䣬ֹԶرա
ڹһһڰ·оһ֡
ľкľʦоһ֣ŻѪףŻѪҲܿư
ľЦһ£ĶоĲ࣬²ܸʲôˡ
˵ľʦǫˣôҲһٶˣԵαҳԵ׻֮࣬ϣţϲǫ顣
ľ˵Ķ棬оһľûиʲôнԵ顣
Щؿ˿ľʦ񲻶Īʲô飿

ľڲо֣Ƕ˵ʵĽǰġ
һ̵ǽϵ£ʦͲ˵ˣ˳ʮ꣬ѾԸմȾ»ҽڵȥɡ
ľ֪˻˻ش𣬵Ǽȷʵǽ£Ǹƶɮѻ˵꣬ƶɮĻ˼֣͵ƶɮû˵ˡ
ǺãҼоʦ˵ġ
ƺг񣬼оס
ľһ߶Եʮǰ˳粢֪ϸԭ򣬻Ϊ˲ӣʵ֪ΪﵽһޣԼһЩԭ򣬲ѡ˳ģ԰ɡ
˴ӱ桰šһǻشˡ
ЩһֱĸԸĸߣһΪϲΪĹȷʵڸ֮ϰɣ
бۿ˿ľһۣʦҪһж˵ôʲôֱ˵
ľ˵ˣԼģʵһƿһһƿͻˣôĹͻͽɾԲ
ڷе壬ԿľʦȻ˵Ҳ˵һ䣬ȷʵһƿѰԲҲֵܵǿľʦĶ֣Ҳˡ
ľЦݷֵأ
˵ֵ֣ܶųԲ֮޵УǱϾˣǶʤܶҵľȥ
ľ٣ôĻҪ߸һ飬ĪаҲѾʵ͸൱ˡ
ʲôҲ̶ˣ
ڶݣû뵽¼仹дﵽزˣжˣȻĪа˼ˡ
˵Ժ˶ԿľʦĪаˣôԸȥ
û뵽ʱľ˰֣Ҫ˵ãǻһˣֻҲ͸ʵ൱ˣ֪ûȤȥʶʶ


511 ɳĮżŮ
˿ľĻһ㶣Ȼ˴ﵽ̶ȣˣ
µķɣһ䡣
Ǿ棺˵һˣƺûôߵĹɣҲڵӣ˵Ǹϰš
Ҳ֪ϰˣʵˣ˵ĹٶѾﵽ˲˼ĵزǰĬĬŵСŻӣеľ磬û뵽֮䣬Ѿﵽڵļ޵زǰһԲˡ
˿ţʱ䣿Ҳš
ģ֪ǰ죬ںϽˣĺҵʦ֣ȴڴûϼоͰˣΨ˻ҵʦֻѾ˴˶֣ĸȥܽ̽ƷħҲˡ
ôǿȷʵǾͲһˡ
˳һ£Կľ˵һݣ
ûǰŸոܻžˣֻϾɱˡ
ڿľ֮ԣƺûȥֻǵȻﵽ̶ȣôҪȥʶʶˣںδ
һ׼ˮңҪȥˡ
Һֻ֣ƲСˣҵ뿪ݵؽ磬һĵطȥɡ
˵ЩϵһӣԿľʦӣζ
ľ˵˴ȥԸһ䣬ã˳ӣ˵ûء
ǵģŶ磬£óȰ˼ʣ浽˶죬δˡ
ûʱ֣̫λεĴۡ
̫ΧһȦɫĹ֣ɳĮ֮е֮ɽǿˡ
ԪӼǵһգ޾ɳ֮лǰеĸоҲÿνɳĮ˹ͬĸо
ȵɳĮĲп֮ǾͲˡ
˫ԻԪɣҲܻͷˣҲ޷ˣʦ˼סɽ´ɽ´ħ̳ǧɽˮԶǵȥҪԽɳĮеˡ
ԪԼ˫ʩΪʦһҪƶɮȥأ
ϴĺҶʦ˵ˣʦ˵пǸӦ֮ˣԲŽȥ㣬ȻΪԸɳĮɳ𣿻Щ仨̵ˣǼҵˣÿһҪܵǵļӡ
˫Թһ䣬忿յշ֮ϣλƵǰ
Ԫͷ˿仨̵˺ûмǡ
Ӹãáףǲˣ
ԪٴλͷȻ󷽵ɳĮ֮УһճҰ֮С
ӺιһԼ
˫ԶԶؿ˿ڵһ̶֧ӣҲǸ·ˡ
˵ٶȲ죬һ֧ӽߡ
һʮֻգʮӣ̫ѨͻԵ÷ǳı뺷Ӧϰгɵӡ
ԪԵؿһۣʮ˵Ĺ򶼲ǽ쾳ĸ֡
ɳĮ֮ߣܻɳ˶ҪǺ˻Ӷ֣һֵļ۸ȽϹ󣬶ֵҲǺܶ࣬ʱǮҲӶ
֧Ȼʮ죬ǽô˾һǷǳǮġ
ʮ˶ǴŴֲİ£ɳĮ֮д»ǣ糾֮ɫһǾɳĮߵģӦڱӶˡ
Ǻ棬쳣ߴգŮӡ
һһɫ·Լʮӣߵ˻Ԫǽǰ˿ԪԴƲƲԭһԴԶԶؿ⣬һΪǺ¥أСģˡ
Ԫһ󺹣ôԼԴô¥ĵӰ
Ůո˵꣬ŮӵСèҪ˵Ҫ˼ҴʦЦǡ
ԭСѾͷСèԪ治ЩЦ˺ϵŮӡ
ɳ֮УһƬĿ֮£ŮӸ˵ĸоͺһ괿ˮɣһ·Ĳ࣬Ҳһ˿覴ãȻȥƺͱСè˶٣˫֮ȴоɣǻۣǵĿ⿴һԲλĸо
ԪҲǰһһˣԴŮȻ֮Ч˲֪ͻԼԼж
ŮϣԻԪ΢΢ʩλʦСè֮ðʦһ
ӷŮʩˣλСèǷģһƬȳϣƶɮȻ
˫Ա߰Цл˵ÿ֮˼ҲˣҲСѾͷһʶ
óŮҲó΢΢һЦ·׵ݣԻԪ֪ʦǴδȥأ
ԪոҪش𣬼˫ԱߵǶǴǰɳ޵ģ·;Զء
ŶǿˣͶҲǰɳޣǾȻ˳·ȥɳޣǧ֮ң·϶д˳ûλƸĻһͬУ໥ҲиӦ
Ԫ濴˿ŮӺǸСèѾߣСèƺЩ򣬵ҲǸոûãûڡ
Ůӿȥȫͨѧ¿һӡ
һͣɳĮȷʵȫӶҲȻġ
ɳĮǰУ˫·ԪǵһĮһвɴȫȨ˼˫
˫ʱҲãϣλǲǰְžͺá
˵ŻЩһͷģﾯؿԺŮӵλһ·ֵܵǱǵİȫһУһǽֵСĵ˾͸ڴĮǰУض书ҿǵǳ㻹СΪϡ
Ůӿ˻Ԫһۣǻͷ˰ɣ·;żôǾǻˣǵ书ɲ⣬ĻҲֵסѡǡˣ˵ǻæŮӡ
ŮӵĻͷЩԥǱϾ˼ǽǳǮˣҲ÷ԣֻεص˵ͷԻԪͼ˫Ҫ˼Ů̫ҲҪͼˣʲôǴĮʮܵĽƿɲǴģûƤ֡
˫ʱ˵˵ǾڱǵģԲǵ¶ҾԲǵ⡣
ڼ˫ԪЩ⣬ǰһĵ˼˫ߣʩ·ǸӷΪҪǽͬУ
˫ʱɫصصɣҹĳҹ󣬷һ·Ȼ޷ռףǷǳټģʱ򣬾֤Īڵȴǡ
ŶȻ£Ԫ˵ţǲǰʧ飬Ҳɡ
˫ûעԪɫֻһ޾֮·Ȼˣô˳ȥ˵һжת


512 Ů
Ҳ֪˫ôģԴӺЩ˽кҲôˣƾջǰУһ·ȥ
ΪչͨյŮӣЩ˵ٶҲ졣
·;ϻľǸСèСѾͷһ·ߴߴģʱǡ
һʼ˫ôûбѽһʻԪͷôͻȻڰ֮ǲǽ̫ĹԻһ
˫ǾܺѾͷ˵һģǻԪûôõ飬ȥˣȥѰҶ磬һ顣
СèʻܺǣǸòŮӵĻԪͲòشˡ
֪ʦӺδ
Ӷʢƶ
ںѾǴˣԪô˵Ҳ֣ȻŮӲԪĻش𣬼СŮȻþʢԭһңǰԭҲȥʦò̸½ǲףز޻Сģ֪ļҷ£ҲСŮҲȥأ
ŮʩˣƶɮһСĺУһССͷ˵Ůʩû˵ƶɮǸСɣôɣҲˡ
Ԫ溬ǵ˵˼䣬û˵֣仨ľҲ˻ز˵ֵʲôû׳׾ǲ˵Ϊá
û˵ŮҲûϸϸ׷ʣٴιʩ񣺡ԭǷɴʦСŮʧˡ
ܴСͷǺܻ˵ģŮӵķӦ
ŮӼȻǷɴʦôСŮӻһ¿ʦߴͽ̡
Ůʩ޷ͽ̲ҵ
Ȼ˵ƽȣΪβŮأ
ԪŮӵĻʱһ¡
˵Ůӵ൱ļ񣬷˵ƽûʵķԺûŮӵĴڣŮӣⶼձڵġ
ܶ˶ϰ飬ȴΪʲô
ΪŮӳңȥѡ֣ûеҵġ
ںܶ˵ǲŮӵġ
ԪⲢûйоڻشҲΪѣڵŮʩԲӣӶŮһͬʣڷƽȵģʹˡڷĵλҲȳ߹󡣡
˵һ䣬ԪҷһŮӣǽСġŮ֮⡣
ʦ˵СŮӲδŮңר֣㲻һӣ
ȷʵڣǲǷ֮ӦȨ֮ƶֵľʱ򣬸Ůλ£ϣܳΪڣʶӷԸϣܰЩŮе˾硣ӷľС࡯ܿŮľ磬гʤľСŹûŮģûκԿݵġڷһŮʿ޳ɷӹλģλ޶ޱ׼ĸĸĸ๾ַĸȵȡ
˵Ԫһ£Ϊ𷨿ʼʱܵʱŮݵӰ죬ֻ˵ҲŮӣȴ޴
Ŷ˵һȨ֮ˡ
Ҳô˵
Ů΢ЦԻԪȻˣгһСŮӿƺ쳾쳾дˣ뵽ʦԺȥң֪ʦǷܹӦʣͽأ
Ԫ濴Ů绨Цգ΢΢ͷŮʩдԸôƶɮǽһԺרŮӣͬС֮£ʳӲеһԴҲһЩЩŵŮʩҲеһͬסİɡ
Ůӵͷʦðţ˻СŮӼˣҲһ죬СŮӾȥʦңСŮӵڻ֪ʦںδأ
ŮеһĨɣԪܸоŮӲȫڿЦ
뵽ԪҲüڵƶɮںϣɽ¡
Ůӵ۾һ˲侹ȻĻԪһʱȻЩļ£
ĨֻһţԪԼǲǿˡ
ŮӼԭµһ䷽ɣСŮӾ׹ء
ŮʩǽˣȻ֪ƶɮһ䣬ԭز¶֮ˣʧʧ
Ԫ˵ŻѾŮһЩ֮ģ˿Ʋ书Ǹղ˲е⣬Ȼ˵ˣһ˲Ȼ޷ֵĸоԼûп˵书ܿѾﵽ˲˼ĵز
Լֻ˵£Ȼͽгһ֣ҲǷǳֵġ
ǽ˻֪ôϸֻδء
ŮҲʶԼһʱЩ˵ˣҲΪ⣬ʦ˼ݣᣬѵһҪǽ˲֪ʦķһ䷽ɣ湵ͨ²ˣʹ÷зˡʹֻҪʦÿһ˻ӭʦ㵱㹩ġ
Ȼˣƶɮ͸ܱˣƶɮֻһˣ÷ӵ¡
ŻԪһЦ˾ƺһЩŮӶɣǷԵ£
Ԫ΢΢ͷԵһ˵֮ԵԵ𣬽жȷʵЩ˾Ե
ŮӵǰСŮӲţǽˣպʹʦ꣬˵ʦͽ֮ԵСèȥһɣʦʣǶˡ
ǸСèСѾͷʱùӣԪͼ˫һһ
Ԫӹӣȴһ¡
ϸµĶʮˣϵͳȻûж֮УӦˣֻҪȵʱܲ鿴Ҳ֪ϵͳʲôϲڵȴԼ
գٶǰҲûݣҪȵˡ
һ˻ǰҹ䣬ɳĮ½Ԫͼ˫Զǰеģκμ˫ѾӦ˼ͬУʱҲõǰˡ
˴Լ£յȡů
ЩǻһЩֻǸŮӺŮСèȴƺӣգǽӽ
Ԫ氵ĵع۲Ůӣһֱû˵ݣȴкܶɵ㡣
˵þǹۿƤ⻬ûһɳĺۼôҲһþӴĮˡ
оͿȥ󣬵ǼüഺפŮӺ󣬻ԪŮӵҲˣоϣһɣˡ
ⶼͻԪĹϵ򣬾Ϊ£ѰҶ磬ȥˡ
Ǳ߼˫ȴһ˻λ̨ҹü֣֮ռѪ֣֮Ӧƽϲǡ
ǻѪ֣֮˵μƽأ
Ҳ򵥣ֻҪóʮ¸ƽһ£Ϳˡ
ЦһүѪˣǶǱ˵ѪҴүѾ죬ʲô֣ҡײƭҲҴˣεεСȥ˵׬һҲ˵ء
˫ûȤ˻ԻԪЩ˲֪ͷıʹֶΣҲȲ˱֮ˣ㿴ŰɣգǾҪ군


513 ˲֮
ɳĮÿ죬ףϾͺ̹ǡ
˶ȾȡůԪΪںһںҲͲˡ
ʹˣҲ˵ʱ䣬һ˯˱ˡ
Ǻ˵ƣ˵еûŵˣǸͷҪ˵ѽʮֵ֮ܽѾûˣһˣɲظˣɣһʦǱڿĶࡣ
ѵȻõ˵ͬΧЩǣѾˣҲǽ쾳ˣûʲôˣʵһ˻˾͹ˣʵڷʦڵġ
ǣ޷ǾЩɳĮһҲã˼ҸǮ࣬ﲻһΣȥɵǮˡ
Ǹͷһ£û⣬ΨһϰҲ仨ṇ̀ݲѽ
磬ʵҲ̫˼ɣиһصģҲˣʮ˵ĺϻ֮ҲˣǸʱ򣬼ʹҲֵúȥ仨̲һŮƿصɣжı£붯ǣֻҲҪֵֵðɡ
ûǲ仨̵ķ룬໨Ľˮˮ
Щ˵ĻԪͼ˫Ц
Ȼ֪ηЩ˾Ȼ໨ǵˡ
ʹǻԪڵľ磬Ҳȥ໨鷳Ҫͣʵ໨ĴڣǻԪǰĶ֮һ
ûжԸԲķɵֶΣԪ沢ȥѰ·
ЩߵʵڣȻ͸Һ仨̽а壬ʹǿľǺйɵĸɵˡ
ԪûǵҲ첻µزµԸܴһҵأǲҪȥ˼ҵĻˡ
ǲ˵Ҳ˵
ǸСèʱЩιιιǱ˺òã仨ǵĶ仨̵£СıˣǵԴͲˡ
Ǹͷ쿴Сèһۣ΢΢ЦСҿǸոѧգвûãν֪߲֣ǲһʶ㹦ٽһЩˣͻ֪һʲôľ磬Ҳ֪ﵽڣһִڡ
Ա߻˼ǣ㻹Ҫ֪ʮ쾳֣Ƕôֲ飬־ûлﵽˣҲպʹˣڴĮ˵ĿǴĮʮܵĴ˵ɡ
ˣˣٲµСŮˣŻ˼ʲôҪ͵͵һЩ
ʮ֪ߵغļһﻹΪܵ͵һǰ˵Ŀǡ
ǸСмƲƲ죺ߣʲô˲ģﵽڣ־С㿴ŵʸûС
ԱߵŮʱغǳһ䣺СèҪ˵ˣϢ
ǱߵĻӳؿСèС仰Ҿ͵û˵һ˸˶˵˿Ѿһʬ塣
Сè޵Ļ˵ʲôͻȻԶһ㡭ձܵ
˵˵СӣˮƽЬʸûУ
Щ˶ʱǴ󾪣Ȼеˣ
æķ׷վʮˣʮѽ׷׳ʣǻӳǱߴʲôˣȻǴĮʮܵǰ񣡡
һŵĻЩյĽƲɳûʲôƣɿؿ˸ŵѣȻ˴ֲ
Įʮܼ׼÷ʱѾŰΧ
һۿȥΧʮˣһĺ£ѹҹɫзֲˡ
һͷ˿ǣЦû뵽Ǽ󱲾ȻҲܽ쾳磬ǺܿϧӵǰʼնǷѵڴĮô꣬ʶ𣿡
˶ʱĻɢϸһϵĺĲߣòȴһ˫󴸣ĸͷСŵˮףȥǧ
˫һӵĴ󴸣ͷ˲ԡ
Ҫ˵˵ĹҲˣȥӦڶľ磬δһ㣬ʵĵģôһԴǧϣʹܹõöôµҲôɰɡ
Ӧǿĵġ
˫Ԫ棬˵˵飬û뵽ԪȴֱֱעԳĺӣﻹ૵صڣ˲֮ףԭӷиˡ
˫ʵɣ˵ʲôڣ
ԪŻعԼ˫ûʲôûʲôֻǾе˼
˫ҲûжʣԻԪɿɿ˫ˣʲô룿
˴ȥ;ףκǿĵģɴ˿ɼϣԼһЩ
ۣǴĮʮȴֽš
ǵͷʱЦؿԳˣڵӴιԭˣʧԶӭʧԶӭղ˵ĶˣԶԶԣĮ֮УҪ˵һúǾˣ˭֪һ˫޵ѽ
ԣ˵й֮Ǹ֮ô¶ˣ
ŶһֻץסԼͷܽԼԭ
Щ˲ű߼ʵƨŭȵƨҪһֻ־ܰԼֻػֱ֣ӰԼȥˣ
ղŻݵĴĮʮǸͷǡҲĽ㣬˵ЩңĪ֡
忴ǼǼ㳤Ȼ죬Ҹ·һǵɱȥֻҪǳΧȦұ֤Բȥ׷ɱǣô
˵Цˣеѽ
Ҿ͸ǵڶ·ǱĲͳͳȻԶȥסҪùģԺҪСĻûġ
Уû⣬磬ûʲôǸ𱣻ģֻŮ˶ѡ
˵ԺͷָǱߵŮӺСèˡ
Ǳɨһۣһ£ĵǹˣҪǮ
Ǻãͷֻ˵Ůľ͸ȥѹկˣֵҲûʲôñʾģﻹдԼ͵Ǯˣպˡ
˵꣬Щóλ
ǮԪһֱעһжǿŮôʹǺʵڼ̳ߣԪҲݲ
彫Ǯõʱ˿ŮӣιԺߴĮһʱҪ⿴磬Ҫйˣ⼸ɫӲûôؾȰˣҪǽңǾˡ
СèһֱվŮӵߣȴûһ˿ľɫĻǼǹȻǺģҲľ磬ҲԺҪ˵ǵĴ˵ˣҲǼ˵ģ
ĮʮϻջǵģʱҲ˵ˡ
ǵǮ˻Ԫͼ˫ιǺлҲûжǮӣɴҵկ˷ȱأ


514 Ѫص
ֽĿ׼ԼˣԪЦƶɮһˣûǮ˵һʶ֣ҲǸոմﵽͼˮƽλб¡
忴˿Ԫ棺ֶʶʲôУǵģǺðɣǸߡ
˫ݺݵص˻Ԫһۣɣˣأ
ʩ˫ضԸЩëݿܻⲻİɡ
˫ΣֻöǸֵʶһЩϧΪʦȥˣҪȥʦգ²ܸɽկˡ
ˣȻǿˣǺ˼ֱԸˣҪûķ
ȻɵؿһۣˣȻǵĻǴӲСվͷһĮรɡ
˵ֿ˴ĮʮܣǼΪǿ磬ɽկȱ֣ǸһȥôҺúõص̵ǡ
֮ǰ˫˵Ѫֵ֮ǸʱеУǿɲǿ
һɣǿҲкû֣֮ô˵ˣѽ˸£
һӵϣʮˣҪ´ˡ
뷴һֱӽڵء
ȻǿĵĴ󴸣ôҲûܽ˴ֻǴѪضѣְ˽ŵĸ
ʣЩҷˣһʵվţһ֣Ǿ͹ԹԵĵ
Щ飬Щ˾Ҫ뿪
Ԫ漱æλƶɮɱأһ˺ɣ
ǿЩϵģͼֿģȻҪɱһӰ٣ôˣ
忴УĸоЩ졣
ƺ书ӣȴǳ
˵ǸԲҲԪĵϸ
ȴо˶Լƺһ⣬Ҳ֪ιʡ
Ԫϵأ쳤ؾֻ»ӰҲضʮ˲֮ܿ࣬ƶɮʱʱȥһ£ϵ
˵ʲôôµ
Ԫһָ棬иղǸ³Ѫ뿴˺µѪպµЩѪͻȫû㣬ҲΪŧѪῴڻȻʹһֱĥǧ꣬ܵ𣿡
Ԫ˵Żߵպһ˿ı䣬ûиоȴãǵѪڶһ
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ѪֻССһ̯ȴʼ𽥵ԽԽԽԽ󣬽ؿʼĽӹ
Щˣûмġ
ʹб£ĴҲܻЩѪ̲סУѪôĶˣ
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ŻԪĻЩѪԽԽ࣬ڵ˺ӣܿû˫ȣ쵽ˡ
ߵЩˣʱҲˣֻޱ޼ʵѪӣжնĺС
ⲻģУҪôܴȥ
ƴػţѪȴڼѾؿڡ

Ԫ֮һ仰
弱æشҴɳɽǵɽկ
ȥԺ󣬲ٺˣٽ˲ĲַİգȻȴƶɮȥ£ʱȻѪ֮ѣȻ󣬾ͻͬյ³𣿡
ۿѪˮӵߣоԼƤʼѪ֮䣬ʹ˵ʵоԼҪˡ
Ҳ˲úеĻǲȷˣ弱æͬ⣡УЩѪˮȥɣܾ𣿡
ۿѪصҪֲסӣԪоˣһþ𽥵ɢ
ٴοԼԭԼϣﻹŴ󴸣Աߵ˶ڽŵؿԼ
ղôˣﺬ˵ʲôҶû
ˣѵղԼȻûб˷
ʱͻȻǸеԺ
ղ㿴֪ڸģǿġ
ԪĻþֻǶһʩչȻǿˡ
뵽ղŵڻ£Ǹо̫ʵˣȥԼ壬ԼղƤ⻹ϣһ
ǻԪĴܣݺݵһ¡
Ϊڶ壬Ҳʶģַ֪ʽֻԲõ
ѵ˵оȻ̶ȣѾԲ˲ɣ
ǿѹе𺳣ŻԪ汧ȭλʦҵɽկɳɽϣʦæˣǰɳɽһС
ӷƶɮһǰȥġ
շ˲֮ףǵʩչһѪصܳɹģԪҲûǸʱ䣬ֻԤһʣȴһʱѰὫշ
Ѿﵽڶ壬ԼһඥһڶˣݷǸĴڡ
ҿȥ˵ʼãӦһϰţֻҪԼٸʵඥһѧǾһĪаĴڡ
ǰ˲֮ףĿǰǷȱģҪС
ʱʵˣڳʣĸһһǣŴµȥ
ǴĮʮҲ뿪ˣӴʽΪɳĮһԱ
˫ոҪѯʻԪղô£ԪȴȵʩȻ˫ǸѪ֣֮ȻͱѪƶɮ֮
ѵԪ佱Լ˫ҲΪ⣬źȻ˵ĳҲˣҵԵĴԽԽˣѾﵽɵĳɹʣǵдо
Ԫڼ˫ʱɻ˹ȥһͷȴǸŮĿ¶ؿԼ
Ԫ濴ǸŮݸһЦɣıֳϣܸСŮӸղŷʲôΪǸˣһڣȥأ
Ԫ΢ЦҲǴҷԵԲŶƶɮ࿴
ŮҲûм׷ʣǶԻԪҵĻǸˣû˱ˣĮ֮УŮǰУܷܲʹʦһ·أ
ȻǼȻͬˣȻͻᱣ㲻صġ
˫˵ΨֻԪ治Ӧ
ǴʦǲҪߵźá
ԪҲ΢΢ͷŮӵɻʼնû򶨱֣ȷʵͨŮȥԶ
߰ɣǶˣ磬ǿҪɳĮ֮жȹˣϣҪٳʲô²źá
Ů˵ŻԶɳ֮һۣ¶һĥЦݡ


515 ϵͳ,齱ĸı
һŵĹǰ֣޾ɳޱ߼ʣʼɳĮʱʸѾ𽥵ʧ١
ҲѾöеš
ԪĬĬյıϣƽƾôõĶó̡
˫ǲͣʲôһɫһֺȻ򣬿ǰʱʱ
Сèһɴϻ˯
ΨǸŮӣȻóһ飬ձϿһԵõӣƺɽˮһ㡣
ŮӵݣԪһŵƶϣЩģûݣڻ¶ֻۣ·;۲졣
һ紵Ů鷭˼ҳ
鱾̧ͷ˿ǰɳ𣬿ڵˡ
СèʱҲ˯ˣŮӵС㣬ɳĮķɲʲô·ɫҲˣǻǲҪ˰ɣҸܷĵطͣϢȥˣٸ·١
Ѿ³ĵĻƻˣߣҲܵݡ
Ůӵ˵ͷǾϢһ¡
ȻתͷԻԪʦ翴Сˣͣһͣ߰ɡ
ߵһĨƣԪҲʶҪдˣҲͷӦ
ѰҵһɳĺͣϢ
𽥵Ĵɳʱ䵽ϡ
ǸŮҲڴɴСèԪǲԶĵط
˶˵صȴɳȥ
ҹ֮󣬷粻ûСԽԽ󣬼һ£ΧһȦȻĸ˶棬ֵܵһЩɳ
Ԫͼ˫ΪˣϷڣ֮ķ϶š
ǸŮ˻ԪߣգܵķɳϮͻԵСһЩСèǽİŮ˺֮ССľ롣
оɳȻСһЩ˶һ
ԪһֱĬĬصȴţȴڵصȴϵͳɡ
ԪоϵͳǱȽԻģܸԼʵı仯־仯
ԼʵѾڶ壬֪һϵͳʲô֮ǰЩƷ¶ԼʵѾˡ
ʱһһţӽҹʱ򣬷ɳѾԽԽ
ɳ裬ŭ𣬼˶ǽϣֹɳߡ
ΨԪȵǧ׹Ĺʩչһ㡣
붯ڵϵͳ齱ʱ䡣
ɳȻСǻӰ쵽Ԫ棬͸ɴ಻һжȵ齱˵
ʮ㵽ˣѾһûжϵͳʾ
ڵһγȡᣬǷʼ
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ϵͳ꣬һγȡᣬǷʼ
Ԫһ£ǹˮԭԼʼ齱ڣѾʱˡ
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˵䣬ϵͳת̲ʽ֣ʼ
Ԫ濴ȥһۣͷϵͳת̵ı仯
Ϊѡȡϵͳת̵ͼӦʣʮǸһѡȡ֮ľ飬ܻһµϵͳ档
ԪΪģһȻȫôһ¶
ϵͳתĽѾˣʮѡҲʮǱ˶ʮһ
ԭΨһõģǴ󽱵ѡ
⡢ࡢ󽱡˫ڡ
ԪȽעⵥ鿴һ¡
ΪԪѾﵽ˵ľ磬һγȡĻôͽﵽһ߲㣬ҲܴﵽķΧ˵ĳ̶ȡ
Ҫǳȡ߲㣬Ҳȡѵϵͳб仯ɡ
һ֮£Ȼ˱仯˵ڰ˲
߲ǿԴﵽķΧڴǧﴫвͬģǵڰ˲ܴﵽ뾶ǧ֮ڣ˵κ˵Ժ֮УͬԲǧﴫҲ޶ˡ
⣬ѡ˺ܴ仯
þϵͳǳþмþ͸߼þѡ
书ѡҲѧмѧ͸߼ѧ
оǲľѡֱӱһֲ
зѡҲһһѧһö
Щ仯㲻ϣȡˣȻԭĽƷ룬ΪÿгôĽƷԪҲһһȡĵ
ͱ书ѡʹŪѧԪҲֻȡһˣһεϵͳĽƷ򵥻ˡ
ʵеĽڣֻϲһγô˶ѡ
ֻһ仯ôҲ㲻öı仯ı仯ϵͳ档
õЩһʮϵͳ仯ҲûԪ𺳵ġ
ΪֵģȻԲѡ
Բ飬Ҳ˷ϵͳѡ档
һԲܣһ㣡
ͻԪ˵ÿһԲ۵ı죬Թ۲߲ܼĵط
һûԪޱȵĽû뵽ȻҲԲյı졣
һ㣬Թ۲һ׷Χڵκ
֮⣬ڶ
ҲԻԪ˵ģԲ⣬߾ǧﴫⶼ߲߱ı졣
һһе
Ȼ˵ƽʱ֮ʲôԿҪȥ߷ܿΧľ
͵ֶΣϾ۾ȥ۲죬й۲첻ĵطǿֱӴ͸ǽڵؿ˶ڵص£ֻҪǰ׷ΧڣҲһԿ
ۺеԲܡ
˵ԲӦǧﴫģΪԪѾǧﴫҲǶģһ仯
ͼȻһġ
ʺţԪǳ׵ɻˣʲôȻأ
鿴һʺţϵͳʾ
ؽ޷ѯ
ؽ֣ԪʱĳȣԼȡͰ˲񣬾ͻؽ֣ѵһؽʲôϵ
ϵͳûܸԪ𣬶ʾԪǷʼȡ
һǶڵĳȡȡˣӵһγȡԪ浱ҲˣԺϵͳôҪһ²֪
ѡ˿ʼ֮󣬶ڵĳ齱ڵˡ


516 ڵĽ
ʼ˳齱֮ԭĽ鿴ǰˣϾϵͳƷˣɹѡԾʹ˺ܶࡣ
ȻԪ濴˿⡢ࡢûбɶ
һεĸȡˣҲǶԼٵһơ
Ϊһȡ˽ǽǿ϶õԲܵģϵͳȻñȽϴһЩǻû󷽵̶ȡ
û˽ô̶ѡͲϸˣ㣬㣬߲㣬ʮһֱӱʮ
ľֻʣֲｱƷֱǺĻӡӡ
ֲûԪ̫Ȥǵʱ۾һ
ΪһεĶȻһֻݣ
ʧȥӥ֮󣬻ԪᵽͽߵĲ㣬һֱεԦӥʵʱ
ҲǻԪͷжϵͳһٴθһǰûгֵĶ
۵񣡡
۵ͽӥȣӾԵĴһţθӵ񿥣һ˫ۿž͸оЩĻš
ĴСǺֻͺĺӡ
ϵͳĶĴܶ࣬Ԫƣһֻ۵չĻʮס
ڽӥȥ֮ǰǴûгֹ۵
ӥսҲһڵʵ۵ʵ϶ȽӥҪǿܶ࣬ûԪһͶˡ
һԪջĿ⣬ٿƷ
һֻʣһˣԪ濴ۣҲʮ⡣
мѧĳ֣ûԪٴ˷һء
ԼòײŻöѧϳһöмѧٳٲõٵõöмѧȻϳһö߼ѧ
Ǹʱ򣬻Ԫʽӵһѧ
ֻѧᳬѧܺԲһϳ̣ȻûгѧףǲҪĺԲһµġ
мǿҲûáͺһֿӵȴֻһ˴ǶԷֻһӵӵȴһͦػǹһ
۵мѧЩûԪȡˣòȥĽƷ
һֱԼϲĻþһҲûûԪʧ˫԰þǻԪȽϲĻþȻֻмþõĺˡЧȸ߼þ˿
о书ѡҲ
ѧһȷмѧķħ
߼ѧϴ辭
ϴ辭ԪҲޱڴģԼΪţĿǰǷȱľϴ辭ֻҪž鵽֣Ԫ汣֤ԼٶȻٴηǱȼļٸõĶ
оԲļܡ
۵һ㡢һ㡢ǸصʺŽ
ȫĽԪܽһ£ֿɹԼѡغܴ
Բܣϴ辭۵мѧ˫԰þ󽱡˫ʮ۵õһǺܺõġ
һֻжʮһоֶǺõѡнĻһˣν
ҷ⡢ࡢ͸߼þҲǲĽϵͳԺԼռ˲ٵıˡ
ȥԪЩ˴ʧˣ֪ѡźãǾȥȡ󽱡
׼ȵһ£Ȼó󽱵ʱͻȻԪ淢֣ϵͳתϵĹֱӾͳ˳ȥûԼȵĻᣡ
ʱ򣬻Ԫµط֣ǾϵͳԺֻԭԱԼõ©ҲʧˣҲǰˡ
ǸոոûӣϵͳָԼһ
ڻԪ̬ǰ©ҲûгɹΣھͿԼΣǲôˡ
ϵͳתһȦȻٶ½ԪĿŹ㣬ŵעš
ٶԽԽԪҲŽŵ䡣
ڣͣ䵽˫档
Ԫ˷ܵĻ֣û뵽ԼǲҲ֪ǲǹڵԭ򣬳кĻȽϴ
˫νôҲܸԼһĽƷ˰ɡ
˫Ĺâʼ˸ѡϵͳƷԪʱӿƲˣ͸ɴలĵȴ
һһƷڳˡ
˫԰þ
þмþһԺ󣬻ԪעĲ鿴ˣ鿴֮󣬲֪þǷ֤ڡ
ȡˣҲǲĽƷ
ȡ˫԰þǷʹöĲܣ

Ԫ沢ĽĲþĲˣҲֻȥĻþ岻
һƷȷԺϵͳâ˸
ܿڶƷҲ¯ˡ
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⡢ࡢУԪһȡľǷ⣬ǵ˽죬Ÿոճȡ˵㣬ˡ
ҲشΪȡֻ֮ҪȡĲ㣬Ϳѡһ书ˡ
ڻԪĲ൱ھ澭ľǵȼ۵ġ
ϵͳʾ𣺡ȡ㣬ǷʹöĲܣ

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ڳȡǷʼ齱
Ԫ֮ҲĲΪγ齱ģһûеõöҲļһΡ
ʼ
Ԫѡ˿ʼϵͳʾһ䣺ѡ·佱ƷѡʹöڵĽƷȡ
ϵͳʾԪǳˣһεĽƷǳûԪЩ᲻ãȻܼʹЩƷǾ͸ˡ
ʹñνƷ
ŻԪѡϣϵͳתٴη⣬ûԪһοʼȡ
ǻûеȻԪٴοʼȡͻȻʵ֮У˫ڼеؽԼ
Ԫε۾Լ˫ʩʲôˣ
˫ɣˣŮӲˡ
Ԫ漱æͷһŷߵļͷնڣŮȴѾӰ
ȥֻɳԽԽ󣬼ֱûɳˣͬǺǺҹֲָ
ԪǷ֣ԼΪ弸ɳ֮С
ԪԼ˫ҲŮ˼ҵ飬һͻء
˫ɣɴѽϿҪ¡
Ԫļʼ齱ڷܵɳĮ֮У鲻Ƿɳˣʲô¡
ԣɣҸոռһԣֽҹǿҪֱ𣬶Ǳɳ֮У粽УǵϮĺʱܻǡ
Ԫٷ䣬ͻȻڰ֮УԶԶشһХ
ƺںԶĵطѾ˻ԪĶС
һԪʱȻ
˵ԼûǸԪĸо˵ĹܸߣȫĿǰԼ֮£֮
оֲԲźĪаһˮƽߵġ
ҹ֮ôһ֣߲ư


517 սгȡ
˫ɫһ䣺ô¶ĳһô飬ôô׼ո˵⣬ھȻˣҹģ磬˭ë
ԪѽǺõĲ黵飬ƫƫҪĽڹˡ
ʱͻȻԶĵطԼɳһԼŮӵ
ˣȻŮȥɳǱߣ˷ǣ¾Σˡ
˫Щĳģʱ򣬶ԻԪɣ£ȥǰˡ
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߼˫ŮƺͨˣǼ˫ûиԪ˵Ļᣬתһͷգһͷ˷ɳ棬󷢳һХ֮ʧˡ
ѵ׼ˣϹȻҪͻԪֱ˲ɡ
˫ոʧŮӵ𽥵ؽӽˣѾǿҪˡ
˫ʧƺûǸԶ룬˻𽥵ؽӽˡ
һʱԪҲЩļΪʲôҹ
»ԪҲܲôˣһƨרĽԼδɵĳ齱ҵеס
£Ԫٴνϵͳ֮С
ϵͳѾʾһûԪ齱ˣԪϵͳת̺ĽƷûʲô仯
ΨһĲǣԭ˫ﰵˣΪѾȡ˳ͬģ˫԰þзҲҲȡˡ
ʣôõĽƷԪ̳ȡһ󽱣ȻȡýٶĲȫУһýƷõ
YYţԪоŮѾˣ˲ñģ̵˳ȡ
ת˳ȥԪûüͲòٴδϵͳ˳ΪŮӻˣǸҲ˸
Ԫ۾ϸ˿ˡ
һˣ뿴ȥһˣһĺ£վھԼԼʮɳϷӸµؿԼ
ڰ֮УԪҲĿܿ
ҲĿ⾼ؿŻԪ棬ߵķɳµķһ䣿
ƶɮ֪λʩǣ
仨̵ĸѾ֪ҵ˰ɡ
ƶɮ֪
Ԫ滹װͿʱ䣬õȴԼ齱
ȴûиԪ̫ʱ䣬УҪװͿˣ͹ԹԵĽħٽȻ汾ص仨̳󣬻ܱסһ
ӷƶɮȻǷŵӣһ˵вλʩƶɮָʹֻҴˡ
˵úãҲӦˣҲһɿһսأ
˴ЦһͻȻһԾɳ֮Ԫ
ţ
ԪͻȻһһ٣ԻԪУ㻹ʲôԣͿ㽻
λŮʩͨŮӣƶɮ·ż޹أȥûӰ죬ƶɮҲһ
˵ʵǿǿûԪ涼սһˡ
ԪʵһٽܿһսĶѾˡ
ٰԲУ϶Ƕ֣һڶ壬Ԫ滹濴ˡ
Īаһ֣ݷֻܺԼȻȻˣǻԪĶ֡
ô˵ܺԼսˣѾʮˣϽһ
ԻԪҲϣ޾ĺսһΪԼʱԽʯ
ԪĻҲͷҲãµĿ㣬ЩŮ޹أȥɡ
һԶͣתԼգ߽˷ɳ֮Уʼնûж˵ʲô
Ԫﰵ룬˶˱ض⣬ֻϾ˼ǡ
ڵϵͳѾ齱нˣԪٵؽϵͳ֮пһۡ
ֻϵͳʾո𣬡ȡмѧǷʹöĲܣ

ԪٵĻشһ·֮Ϳϵͳٴγ˳ȥ
ʱ򣬻ԪʶԼдˡ
ĽȻһȡд󽱣ټͷ
ϲ֮ȴòѾ˹ˣԪ˲ò鿴ڶζ˫ƣ˾ӭȥ
˲佻֣
ԪİֵǿƷ֮;ףĵһʱȡƣԻԪ治ʹ˰ƣʹǬŲ
ǰ͹ƣԪͻȻԭʧֱ˵ı󣬺ݺݵһ˶Էĺġ
һƹעʮ㹦ָֹУȫѰ·
ʹˣһƻˣԪһƺҶһȫûлʵĸо
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ԪһƴȥоԼഫԭԼոƶ˵󣬴Ҳü˹ȥٴԼˣ
ԪٴʩչǬŲƣһֵ˴˵Ҳ࣬צֱץʣϣܽץס
ǻԪٴʧˣǸոƶ˵ĽһˮƮһٴζԪĹһմһֱָԪĿڴѨ
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Ԫ̾һһδŲƣֱӱ˵ǰȻ˫ײƴҶԷС
ҲԪϵĴŲŪЩǱ¼һɳͻȻն𣬽ɳĮ֮пȻֱӷԶԶȥ
һ̣Ԫڿˣ˵ṦȻ貨΢
Ҫ˵貨΢ǱԼһέɽӸṦתŲ㣬Ҵ貨΢ԺڿԦУ֮Զ̶֮ȶ߿ԷԽɽԶԽʱȫԦУ̤ƽأ̬Уν貨΢Ҳ
貨΢İ֮ģ˼ͺһˡ
ֻҲǼΪԳ־õġ
ǰʹһέɽԪ˵貨΢û취ʥǬŲƺͳպ󣬻ԪṦѾκˣȻնˣԪȷʵĵٴ׷ȥ
ջһ磬Ԫ׷ȥ
оȻҲһԾ߰ɸߣٶնǱɫ
Ҳ˲Լָ̬һĶﻹԵǿϷĵָ񡭡ףôͣˣ
ֻ׷ĻԪͻȻֱͣͦͦȥרעĴһͻȻɥؽһѽϧҵķħʧˣʧˣ
Ŀ㣺ûϵһĻᣬһʧġ
ҲЩŪ״ؿŻԪӦûʲôôôʧķ


518 Բ
Ԫ󽱣ڶƷȡķħ
Ϊ˵õϴ辭Ԫ治ϧó˴书жĲǶĲĽȴʧˣķħҲ˽ȥ
˲֪ʲô飬Ϊзء
ԪҲڵᣬȥ۲һƷĳȡ
ϵͳĹһεѡʼˣϵͳһγȡˣԪ鶼Źжš
ûȳȡĽѾ¹
һ˳֣ٺͻԪҲηԪûǬŲơ
ⲻ֪ԪǬŲʹΣʹþҪϢһʱ䣬ԪѾùΣʱʹòˡ
貨΢˵ԪͰˣ֪һϻԪ⡣
˽˵Ҫͼеָ档
ָָͨҲǸ߼ѧ˵ʩչһָźڣĶŻԪ
˵£ԪҲ˲ò鿴ԭʩչ÷׮ܶԷĹͬʱҲʩչָ
ָҲǸ߼ѧ͵ָͨ൱ʮɵľ䣬̳ɳϱһСƬһʱǹսƬ
˵ĳƵʺ״̬ԪҲԼʵԱһʶ
ԼǳԽڶ壬ǻޣǰȣһЩࡣ
ָľ棬󣬿϶һʧܣԼ˵࣬ܿܳΪʤķˮ롣
ǽսǲУԷ貨΢̫Ѳַֻš
ʱҲԼͻԪƺе࣬Ȼ಻Ǻܴ󣬵ȷʵڣ󣬿϶Ǹȼֲס
ҲֵָϿԪ档
ָֻսҲգ˺ǹֵ֮дһһָСİһ£ζҲԲܡ
ƾ貨΢ƣܻԪָر
ǻԪĵָͨѶˣ÷׮ϾֻǳûôսһԵЩǱ˽ռϷ硣
Ԫ氵ģ˵ľ磬Գ֮Ϊ׼Բû뵽ѲȥԼذɡ
ĽƷӦѾˣԪ滹ļ鿴תתһ취
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Բǧﴫ֮ͬұǧﴫӾɱ
ԪһβûʹɱЧ̶ֳȵĳ׼Բûʲôô
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һ˲侹Ȼֹͣ˹ɫͨҪֱʲô֮ͻȻסˣؿŻԪ档
Ԫ治֪Ϊʲô仰ķӦô󣬲ȻʱˣǾԼĻᣬԪϽȥ鿴ϵͳһƷ
ϵͳת̣ڶǷĲʾȥˡ
Ԫһȡ˵ĽƷȻԲܵ
һ㣬֮ڵĿԿɼ
ȻõԲԪʱЩѪӿüһǴԼʼðԲ
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ϵͳĲĹɣĲĻɹˣпܵõһ㣬ҲпܵõǸصʺš
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δ֪ģҿ϶ǺöԪĹؼڡ
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ԪоϵͳôãֵĹɲֹһг齱ʱ©ȻֲˣǻԪ֪ÿҪʱϵͳд󽱺ͺýĻǺܸߡ
ĲҲһӶĲеĻҲܴ
ĶĲѾһΣԵڶλļʺС
ԪһˣҲźȡصϵͳʺţǸʲô
ԼԼȥװǸԲˡ
һõ˫԰þõ˷㣬õмѧԪѾˡ
ϵͳʾȡԲһ㣬ǷʹöĲܣ
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Ԫ¶ģѡ˶Ĳ
ϵͳĹâʼ˸Ԫ齱һζĲʼˣԲȥĲԪԼ붼Щ
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ԪҪش˵⣬Ͳòٴ˳ϵͳƶɮں˵
Բĸ֣
ŵؿŻԪ棬ȻԪĹҲܸߣƺԼѷɫһôԲأ
ɻĿ⣬ԪһɴͷٴʩչֱԺڵ˵ƶɮǲԲأ
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˻ԪĻޱȵ澭˼ĶԻԪܣ˭ΪʲôϷû֣Բܼġ
ԪЦһôԲͶһҪ˭
ʱ΢е԰صϷҶ롣
Ҷ룿
ԪҲһԭλҲѽҶĪа֮ǰħ̷չҪħһν
ڶʮǰ˵ҶΪ˳Բ߻ħӴ˲ٵħ̽ʧڽ֮ϡ
û뵽˾Ȼ仨̣Ϊ仨̵ĸ
ħ̵ĽԪҶΪЩ⡣
Ҷ뱨Լ֣ͻȻʶԼƺСǰûпʱ˼ҶԲˣԼֻһ׼Բ֣Ｘʮˣʲôÿġ
ﻹŲ⣬ԻԪȻԲϷӦþĶֲŶԣΪĹƺϷأ
Ҷ볹װԼԲˣԪɴװˣһ£˵ƶɮҲͲϸ˵ˣƶɮֻܸ㣬ҵĹڻָС
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ҶǳϵûûԪͣԼ͸һ̨¡
ҶתתԻԪȻ˵ԲʵûȫָôϷ㣬ҲϷľкܴҴӴͻƿԼҲһһѽһ䣬Բùˡ
˵ЩŲǰһ֪ԪԲ˷ܣҲһЩš
ʱ򣬻Ԫȴر۾һ
˫Ŀںڰ֮зȻ⣬Ҷһ
ȻȻԲеƣ۹⣬Լ
ԪеһţͷϲҶҶ룬ȻƶɮĹûȫԭҲֵܵģƶɮҲɱ֣ҿյս͵˽ɡ


519 ؽƷ
˻Ԫ˵첻ˣҶ뷴ˡ
ѵһ˵Բ˵ͲˣҶ뻹Լɡ
һ䣬յսҪȥΪҪͻƣΪϷϡ
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ԪЩɶͷԣʲôϵ
Ҷɫ˵Ϸ໨߹ϷվҪΪ仰ָϷ֪Щ˶Ϸ⣬Ҳ֮һҷħ̽λãԲΪ˵ʲô߹
˵ŻҶ뾹Ȼ첱ӴֵļƣΪ
Ԫһ䣺ƶɮǲһ˵ѡ
ؽˣ
ҶֱĺһԻԪҵ˸񣬼ʹԲϷҲҪһս
˵ԺҶ벻ܲˣ͵һԾָͨٵԪ
֪˶ԷԲҶԭĴ򷨣ĺͶһ£ָʤӮŶľİ
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ոճʱ俴һһζĲԪ淢֣ĶĲȻɹˡ
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ҶԼ˵ʱ䣬Ԫѡȡ
ֱѧᣬ˫԰ֱѧᣬֱѧᡣ
мѧԪʱûȡϵͳ档
صʺţȻǸ˻Ԫһľϲ
Ʒܼ򵥣ֻһ֣d
dֺֻͬ͡Ƿҵһţ𽥵ĳΪһַͨ
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ЩӰƷı׼ǿԽħģѹЩаЧһʲôǧϹֵģ޲׷
û뵽ֶȻ˷ϵͳ棬һıԪȡ˳
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Ȼֻ󣬻Ҫʵ֤
齱ſԳ֮ΪͨĶԪҲԶѧˣҶԪôԸ
ֶΣҶ̶ȵĸѾûжôˡ
ȻðԲҪ¶һֺ˲һĶС
Ҷ룬ȻִҪսôͲҪƶɮſû
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ǵһʹͨԪоڵڷٵţͬͿբһϵdۼ
üһȻһַųȥŵڶˡ
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ֽһҶ¼æʩչ貨΢Ѹٵĺ󳷣ֹ󣬶ӦûǺѡ
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ӿһƵĿ꣬ǻԪĽɫd֣
һƣһƲݣٶȼ죬ۿd־Ҫ䵽Ҷϵʱһƴ˻Ԫġd֡
ƽһףһ֮󣬱ӿ񵼵һȻһۿɼĳС͵Ģգ
ΧĻɳƶȥγһֱԼʮ׵ӣ
Ҷĳ£ҲͷĿѣѪ֫ŵ档
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ʵҶҲһ˿ԹȻԲΪʲôҪԼ֣ⲻǸԼѿ
˵ֻץʱϢսӦòԼˡ
һƣԪ沢Ǻ⣬ûһƵĻôˡ
ԪĿ䵽˽ӽһɳϡ
ĿǰܿڵĶɳڻԪ߷Χ֮ڡ
ɳ֮ϣǸŮӻطһֻ֣ĿԶ䵽˻Ԫϡ
ԪĿӣǿ˵һ䣺ڻ̲ס𣿡
ŮûشԪĻǵҶ벻
Ԫõֱ͵ŮӵĶУŮҲõǧﴫһԪûνˣһԽ
Ůû˵ݣԪҲûʣ֪ܶͿˣ˵˳
ʱҶӵûٸȥһԪ鷳ǿܵǸŮߣһǵˣΪʲôֳ
Ůӵͷϵı飬ֻǵ˵һ䣺ɷִ磬棬㻹ǿ߰ɡ
ҶЩ޵ҧҧ촽˵ʲôվû˵ͷ˻Ԫһۣת뿪ˡ


520 ƶɮ
ҶˣڵɳĮ֮Уʣ»ԪŮˡ
ŮСèҲ֪ʲôȥˣԪ֪һûµģǰŮƺѾźһС
ֻԼͻȻܴļƻ
ңңԣԪ沢ûзɾ裬ǰŮ˳ֵĻǽԼԽΣ
ȻŮûκεûκҪֵļƺףǻԪܸоʱԷһȻûпԼѾԼ
ָоǷǳģҪǻԪĹѾӽһ׼Բ֣о
Σ˵Σ¶ʱԼܾܿһʬˣԪ治òȫɣֳ⡣
Ů˲ûг֣һμԪһϸؿһصͷͷ£ϥϣѪħĴ֮ʱڣ
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⼸䣬ǸŮֵд֡
ԪŮӵ˼ԭԼٰдϡ
ѾдˣдҲ⣬Ԫɳдˡ󡱶֡
ŮһһֱŻԪ潫ּд꣬ϸؿ˺þãŶԻԪȻʦܸ𣿡
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Ԫûм²⣬Ȼµóϲʵĸоɴһʲôֱ˵ˣƶɮﲻǻشġ
ŮͻȻЦһƢСҾ˵һԭɣΪҪҵĵˣɱңһûɡ
ŮӵͻȻ̯ƣûԪЩ⣬һ͵ڽԼƵ±ϡ
ԣŮӵѾˣ仨̵Ľ໨
Ҳֻ໨ָʹҶ룬Ҳֻ໨˸ߵĹԶԶһƾԼġdͨ
˫ͻȻӦǣͻȻ뿪Ӧ໨ڱָʹģΥֵֹˡ
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شǣǲǳԻԪıģԪȶ磬ȻԸ໨ġ
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Ԫһǵ˵ͷ˵òƶɮҪԣɱ㻹̸ϣΪɱһ˲ô׵ģѾʮ⡣
໨ʹ㻹ûǲҪɱңԸһˣȶģֻǺܲɣոҡ
Ȼ㶼Ѿôˣƶɮ㻹ڵʲô
໨ʱɳվʼԪ߱ߵһ֪ҪȥѰҶ磬ǵģܿû򣬵ҵҲô׵ġ
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ԸģҸı⣬ɣһףֻҪܰһ£ôҾͻѰҶĹ˳ࡣ
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˵ͷȻˣƶɮӦˣھ˵Ĵŷλɡ
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໨ĻȷʵԻԪãΪԪıĿľǴǰݣȻȥȪ֮ѰңǷ
һֱĻ᲻ᶫ绹ݻ߸ݾڣĻΧɾʹˡ
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໨ε񣬻ԪͻȻһ˿õԤУҪƶɮȥʲô


521 ð
޳ںĿ֮ڵڶǣģλڶҪɳ޳ǡ
ģ΢Сһ㣬޵ĳǷʩ걸ڵĻҲãɳȣ޸Թ
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ܶʿ綼ԭмѻأǲ̡
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Ϊ໨Ҫ󣬾ûԪһȥޣװɺ໨ϵеӣĳЩġ
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໨ǲĻԪ棬Ҫȥĵطǿ书֤һеģκη棬ҪãֵıСһܱ˿ðģȻ˻ο໨һҪ
໨˵Ż´Ԫ棬һ㳤úܺˣ·Уôо·ԤʱҪȥƵģҪͷŶҪ


522 ˻ʵ۵
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໨ԶҲϯᣬ㽫Ƶ̨ǰҴȥ˼˱໨ѾԼˣٽκ˵С
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ϾǱʹߵˣʱʥĸҲᵽֻҪֵʥĸĻģδûת
һĻԶߺߵشӦʱȥ仨̣ѾԸȥһҪζס仨̵ĶúõȥǸ˭

峿Ԫ𴲣໨Լ׼һͷȫá
Ҫ˵໨۹⻹ǲģһ°ɫһɫ滹һֵƵ壬Ԫ׼һȡ
Ԫ潫ԼȪ󣬽ٷһ̱Ϊѹӡ
ոմϣ໨ٴŶ롣
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װ
໨žȻԼʮƣֻװŮװϻһ㵭ױһһЦǡ
໨ɫĵط˫ۣ۾ܴ󣬺ģǳ󺣣Ȼ˿֮ͲýĿƿ
Ԫ˵ĸо
໨Ԫ洩ϣЦͷлίˣ۹⻹Ƿǳġ
ǰǰشһ໨ͻȻЦ˳ӣѾһָˣһǮĹӸŽװװӵģҪӥ޸͸ˡ
ǲҰɣǲ˶ˡ
ٽ໨
Ԫһο󣬸ɴͽһһ򿪣ҡ£໨໨ȥأ
һ̣еӰһ㶼ˡ
ԪĸӸߣ໨ֻ°ʹ̧ͷŻԪ棬һ˿ɣǻԪСһ㣬Ԫ˵ȥȥ
Ԫ΢ЦǻؼҺòã
ؼҡ
һֱͻԪ໥Ϸ໨ͻȻһ£ŵһ˿ϷҲˡ
һԪ涼໨ƺЩԾ̽һ䣺໨
໨ٴ̧ͷԪ桰ã˵ؼң໨ؼң߰ɡ
˵Ժ໨˻Ԫֱۣſȥ
ԪҲǰ̾໨һֹ֮֮󷽣ȻǺԼϷǲûһ˿֮⣬ֻı£ǰԿȥȡһ°˹ˡ
Ȼ໨˴󷽣ҷҲϷԪҲſˣƾ໨Լֱۣһҡȣ̧ͷͦصľͳȥˡ
໨ûн׼˾ôͽǰС
һ·仨̵˿ǣȻûʲôٶ۾ľβסġ
ֻ໨ǽû˸˵ʲô׷׹·
ϷҪˣҪߵƭˣȻߵ˶ƭˣôȥƭˡ
һֱ仨̵̳棬ԪŶ໨Ҫȥ
£䣬ȥȪɡ
˵Ժ໨ɴ
ɴΪ˷ֹһЩͨϳԼݣӰ£Ǹ֪ˣһѾ֪ˡ鷳Ҳһ


524 
Ȫ޳ǵвڻԪ֪һǻʵΪͽʿƣǽʿ̫࣬ЩԶԶȣͽƵȪˮ棬ȻȡȪˮȡ
ȪˮƵķ㣬òɢȪ˵
ľȪϱӵĴŲֻ࣬ȪǸȪȴѾʢˡ
ѾģȪҲˡ
Į֮УʺʫԵĵطҲ࣬Ȫ˴ɧǰ
ȵȣҲᵽȪ
Ԫ໨һ·˾ȪȻȻ˺ܶ˵Ŀ⡣
Ԫ׼װ磬ȻǿʷǷΧĺܶŮӱ͵͵Ĵ໥ѯʣ˭ҵĹӣôûм
໨Ȼɴ̬˲һɴµ®ɽĿ
˵װ磬һ·ʽǷǳټģҲǳ
˵˾Ȫϣ˸
ȪΧγ˼Ȧӣ˺һ𣬽˺ͽһ
ȻǵȦӣЩͨҲԾĲȦκϡ
Ԫ໨ĵط˺ͽмλãûпκһ߿£
̫עĿʹһȥҲкܶעǡ
ǴĹش֮䣬Ļ˶صķϰߣǵ˼ԭҪźܶ࣬ΪҲ󵨺ܶࡣ
ЩϰŪģ϶쳱ˣΪӴ󵨡
Ȫ֮أ˶ڣһǵŮӣȺ壬ϣŮӵݡ
໨Ȼ֮ѡЩ˾뿴ɴµˡ
ڻԪߣһȺˣЩ˱ʫԣԪ໨Ա߲ԶҲʫˣ׷׿˹ȥ
һºǶ໨ȪãҾ˱ǣɴŵҲУҲδеɷ羰ˣժȥɣ
ѽժȥɣ
ǣͷ˸壬Աߴߺš
ԪͦȤԭ˼뱣أǿʱҲ뿴໨ôӦԡ
໨ȴֱתԪ棬Ҫ˼ңͬ𣿡
Ԫʶǰ໨ԼŮˣԼҪģ
ôԺԼǵˣǰԼҪء
Ԫ漱æȻǲеģòֻܸҿ
໨صͷǰ￴һۣûдǡ
Ȼ໨ɴǽεε䵽˵ĶУһ֪һˣߵĻʹ߲Щ˾Ͳˡ
ǻݣֱ鷳Ҳᡣ
˵İ취ºתתһ˵ųվɫ㲻͵ȡǳɡ
Ҳһֽȣ滭ɽˮͻԪһȾԵúһЩ
飬վ׽º˼װģ¿˿Ŀ䵽˻Ԫ໨ϡ
ףˣ㿴ǱߵһһŮĳƣӦһԶܣڷĳ⣬ɣȻֺλ̨һԡ
ֵȻޱȾĳϴ
ʱ˼һǰһҡͷԵصһ˫ŮΣһŮһ
ĶΧһ˼׷״кã
Ǹµĺб۾Ԫ棬뿴ô죿
ȥûʲôѶȣϸһĥ治򵥣ΪҪĺ䣬Ԫ໨ȫȥˡ
һŮ˼໨Ůˣռ˱ˡ
һǽԪˣǸС˼ָԪǽĶӡ
ĲɲҲҲóķʽ˻Ԫ໨һѿ
໨Ȼеĺ壬ûа취ѧﵽԲܹԶֻܽĿ䵽˻Ԫϡ
ԪһʱҲЩͷҪף˼һ£ĵ໨໨һ˵ʲô㶼Ҫҡ
໨ͷӦΪ˶˹ͬ棬ֻô
Ԫʱ໨֣ͷæ꣬ǾҸɽˮĵطȥӣиŮӣúõعӡ
໨΢΢ͷ˵
ԪʱӰɣϲкô
໨Ȼɴɫ΢죬ںͻԪԼֻõͷֻҪϲͺá
˻ԪЩ໨Ҳ˻Ԫһ䣺ϲһӻǶӣ
ȻǺӶһЩˣòܸ˫̥
໨ѾԪ˼ˣͷ˫̥ɲôģ˫̥Ķֳܷĸĸ𣿡
ԪʱһЦĿ⿴˶ķͽºڴط֣ط֣Լĺ𡣡
˵ͣһ£ԪȫǱӣҶ
˻໨ԻͬʱҲشǸ
һԪشĸֱӽͽº˻ȥӣҶȥ˵˫̥¶˼ĸԼĺӣʵʾ
Χһĥ׷׺ôЦ
ʱ˸࣬ٳһǱΧЦʵûӣͷҲЩˣһʱҲ벻Уͷİ
ǵĴЦУ໨΢΢Щɬ
ֵСŮͻ캦ǱϾŮӣȻΪ˻ƵˣǱϾЩô̸أ
۾˻Ԫһۣ໨Щӡ
ǱߵĽºסǲܾôѽǴһȺء
ҡͷղ״̬״̬֣ϰɣĳںվ
ձͷһҧãҾͻһᣡ
ĻȻ˵òС汾£Ǹվ¿˻Ԫ죬ҳһ
ֻԪ治ȣ󻹱һѱ
ӺͽǶǹӸġ
ǰˣüĿģһǱ׼ӸŽ϶Ҳģʲôʵ졣
̵ιСӣĳ˿㱳ŽĪϰ֮𣿡
Ԫ濪ڵ²ͬնѣ̸ʲôɾ͡
ͦǫ飬Ȼϰ֮ˣȥɳսȴŮ鳤һҲǸûʲôϢġ
˵Ժм֮ɫ
Ԫ滹ûȻش໨ͻȻԱߵ㶮ʲôֲ֪¼Ҹ㣬ҵһӢۡ
໨ĻԪʶ໨ĽԼ˼ưƺͶ˵Լ̫ء


525 
Ӣۣ
໨ĻЦһӢۣӢۿɲ˶ܽеģӢŪˣͻΪܡ
Ԫ濴һƣҲˣ²ԳӢۣ£Щǰۻûġ
ôĿ
һתֻۣ˲ۣܳˣ
ԪЦһȣȷʵˡ
Ǻãһܸһ𣿡

߶ͣܶϹȡ
һԱеڤ˼룬е˻ȻЦձĹȻеŵˮƽ
ԪԳˣ˵ۣʵһ֣Ϊܡȶһܡֻ֣֮ζأۻԪ³߲²Ƕˡ
뵽ģԪȻҲ뵽û̻ش⡣
һ£˵˽㣬ƺձ壿
ձ塣
Ǻãˣôش̫ȤˣҲһ䣬ýϾ䡣ҲһԣȻһ£㿴Σ
ߣҲûʲô£˵ɡ
ˣµ¾ǣ޳ܣ¶һڹͷ
˵Ժ󣬻ԪպΣҪҪǹͬһ£
ΧԪ¾䣬һ㶣һЦ⣬ͨ죬ȴձĸ𰸡
˹ȻϬ˼˵ֱŷˣͲҪ˼ֳͷɲı
ʱóһƬ¾ܲ¡
ããС֣ĳסˣǺڣ
˵ԺתߣߵķһҲǱӴܣСӲͷݣҳֲ棬Ҳֻȡ衣
ЩˣԪ໨ߡ
Ԫ棬˲Ŷû뵽ϰȻ⣬ȻǸӢۡ
ڻԪıֺ⣬໨Ҳ֮ʣ̾
˾ӢˣӢδҲ̫õһЩҾ֪Ӣһ㶼٣ҲʲôӢۡ
໨ҡҡͷ벻룬ԤУһΪĴӢۣΪ߱Ӣ۵ʡ
ʲôʣ
ѹ˹£
໨˵꣬Ԫ濴һۣԶЦȻɴǻԪ֪໨һЦ
Цһ£໨ֵһ֣ǾͶע⵽ˣڳЩ棬кܶڶǣҲ֪ҵݣᣬ鷳ٵġ
޷ȻӦˣǾһá
ŻԪŵӣ໨ͻȻ֪ŵӣĺһˡ
˭
һͬŵˣˣһӢۣһֱһһ˼顣
໨˵ŻЩƮҡζƺڻʲôôģ飬ǶΪܵ飬ƫƫȥңܻóɹһΣһĿ顣
Ԫ룺Ҳˡ
໨ûлشƺʲôβŵҲӦúģĲˣΪĹ¡
һ仰Ԫû壬׷ʵ˵ʲô
ûʲôˣʱҲˣǻȥɣһ绹Ҫȥμᡣ
໨ʧȥ̸£Ҫȥˡ
ĿѾﵽˣԪҲ棬˵ͷҪߡ
û뵽໨ȴûжǶԻԪô뿪𣿡
ԪЦһ£໨֣໨̧֣˫ǣԪ΢΢һ໨ӵ
֮໨ûз֣ǣֻߡ
ΧעǣָĿš
һ˿ŻԪ໨Զߵ˵̻ˣ˵ʥĸǸӺпˣһУʵ
һĲɺܸߵˣ
Լĸڣ˵Ļ֮˳˼֮С
˵ĻرѾȷʵԶ϶ûϷˣ໨Ǹܣ˵ͳˡ
رԶ϶ǱףΪ˹棬ٴ
ȻĵĲУôġ
ʥĸӦμˣԼˣμϢķڹ
ˣϢ͵ˣʥĸѾӦϯᡣ
˵һǻһ
ΪҪȷŵİţٸϢʱȷ
ʥĸ˵˲μӣû˵һ˭
˵ͷĻܿʥĸһϯģǽھȪˡ
˽ģĵǣ붯ˣʥĸ᲻Ӧʥĸ书Ǽߵģһ㽭ס
ΪӣбҪΪʵ۱ǽѣ˱Ҫ
׼ϵľʥĸǰôǲȥ仨̣Ҫɱ
ЩˣȡϾҵᡣ
ǣˣһֱʥĸһô죿
ȷʵǸ⣬ʥĸһֱһ𣬴»Ѱ죬ˣͽȥñּʥĸ£ʥĸڴһȥʹɣֻҪʥĸ뿪仨̣ǵĻˡ
˵ͷӦתȥ
һУʹȥҪԶּʥĸеȻʥĸڳ޷ֵġ
Ԫ໨ص仨̣صķڡ
ϻһʱ䣬Ԫ£Լıڤؼ˳
ؼԪɲôˣֻⱾڤ񹦣ԼûȫҪϸѧϰһ¡
ڤ񹦱лԪգҪѧϰģҪǱڤ񹦸ļѧǶԼġ
ڤڣǴ󷨺ͻ󷨣Ǵѧᣬʱ䣬Ԫרһ»󷨡
ûȥרУȽ鷭һҳ˿
һҳ棬ǿհ׵һƬûּ
ڻԪһֱһɻΪһҳǿհףܸоһҳжֿ
Ϊβأ
ԪͻȻ뵽ԼѾ֪ܷ񿴳ŵ
뵽Ԫڵӿʼ˫ۡ
ԲŻԪѧˣΪԲʩչʱҪ֧֣ƽʱᾭʹá
˫ۣԪٴ۵ʱ˫˸鶼˽ɫ
ʩչ״̬ˣԪĿڤ񹦵һҳ濴ȥ


526 
Ԫ汾ǱԿ̬ȥģû뵽£ڤ񹦵һҳȻģģسּ
һǷͬСɣԪ漱æ߶ϸع۲ּ
ȻּȴǳģֻܿһԼС֣Ǿдʲôֱ治
Ԫ治аĴ߶ߣ۾ЩͣҪдʲô
ǽȴûԪʧˣѾ߷ߣּûжƣֻԼؿ״ȴ޷塣
Ԫڹ֮Уڤûдﵽڡ
ȣѾڵͯӹʹﵽڶľ澭Ҫǿܶˣǿϧӣ޷۲С
Ŭ˺ðҲûнԪʶڡ
ڤ񹦵һҳҪ߶ܿġ
߿˵һҳǸԲģΪֻԲԪھѧģǾ޽еģû
ûдﵽԲ硣ôҪԲ׶ε߶۲ܹۿ
Ԫδﵽ׼Բˮ׼Բкܳһ·ҪߣȻ޷۲ˡ
Ԫεط˹۲죬̾
Ψһеĸʲôǿ̸
ڹﵽڣƾͲܿⱱڤ񹦵һҳˣﵽ̸ס
ϣȡͿˡڤҲرѣֻҪ㹻Ķ֣ȡڹͿԡ
ͯӹһֱǻԪĲϵͳôɵġ
ѧϰ󷨰ɡԼڵˮƽѧϰѧӦûʲôѶˡ
˺øԶ뷨Ԫ½ڤ񹦷˻ʼרл󷨡
ǴΪԪѧϰѾܼˣѧźܴ֮ͬǿڤ߷ΨһǴǿԻΪ
оϣԪڽѧᣬֶһžѧ
ոɻ󷨣໨ǧﴫڻԪԺ
Զȥʹ£кҪ飬Ҿ
ȥˡ
໨ҪϷʱ򣬻Ԫ仹ǱȽԶΪԪ֪Ⱦȳ֮໨ǵˣڲߵ̫պ
໨û˵һԪ춯ӦѾ뿪ˡ
֮󣬻ԪҲûжǼϤԼĻ󷨣ԱպõʵսС
֮ʱʱʹĺܿ졣Ҳ֪Լ˶೤ʱ䣬Ԫо˷ٴ춯˽ˡ
ȻǻԪ۲ΧΪ仨̶Ůӣۿ»ῴһЩÿĶ
Ҳûйۿڼ
ȴԼķ춯߽Լķ䡣
ˡ
Ԫ滺۾Ϊ໨лԼ˵
ո۾ͻȻ͸оǰ˸һѱֱԼʺ̡
д̿ͣ
Ԫд󾪣͵֣һץסǰĳ
ƾԪĹһ治ԲκȡԼ׵£Ȼд̿ͣҲġ
ǰֽһˣƺû뵽׵ؾ˻Ԫǰ׵ĳƺһж̫ˡ
ͬû뵽ԪķӦѸ٣һѾץסԼĳ
˷ĳ齣ǽ̶˻Ԫƾʹ̵Ҳûƶֺ
Ԫ˫Ŀضǰĺˣ˲ΧɨһȦ
üһڣ˸ڣֲ٣ɣ
Ԫ浥ַһתĳ˷
ۿ廨ͷһСȻǿı죬ﾪɿгڣֵǣ֣һϡ
Ļû˵꣬ͻȻһǿס壬ѸٵС߿
Ԫ浥ʩչǴ󷨣ˣ˲Ǹڣûʲôֿı˹ȥ
˲ִУ̧һƶŻԪ˹ȥ
һ
Ԫһֻһӣʩչ˵һ׵ĻȥһֻٴμӴȣһ¾ͽץԼߡ
Ԫץס˵ĸ첲ʱǴ󷨿ޣ˵ڹܿƣԼѸ͵ٶԪӿȥ
ʶԼԪѾˣȡģȲҪ򵹣õ˵ʵԼıڤ񹦰ɡ
ʱ򣬴ӱ˴ɣüӰڣһĺ£֮ǰĴ̿һġ
Щ˱ΪԪ治ǸСûʲô˶ѷ磬һڽԸԪ棬û뵽Ȼʧˡ
֮ǰĺ˻ıԪץסֱۣڹѾȫܿƣͻԪ̫࣬ûκεĵֿ˲Ϣ֮ͱȡ˸һɶ
Сڸʲô
һһʱ仹ûô¶ֻ֪ԼͬˣæкߵˣһŻԪˣ
һʱ䣬ں˸Щ̿ͶýһƬӸǶŻԪ
ߣ֮飬ҲŹ⻪
Ԫӱһڵ˻ûж֣ЩڻԪ߹һ㣬һ
һŲʩչԪԭʧһѾЩ˵ĺ󷽣˫һ죬һץס˵ļͷǴ󷨻ȫ֮ھô˶巢ĵڵء
Щһʧȥ˻ԪټûŪô¶ͬĲҽС
æͷ׼Ԯͬ飬ȴΪ˶˵˻Ԫǰ棬һʱ䲻ó֡
ҵǶȳԮʱʱѾȥ룬֮ڣڵѾٴαԪȡ˸ɸɾͬ޷ˡ
һֵ֪ĶˣҲ˲һװѹˣһһõһøһһŻԪ湥
Ԫ˫һ֣ӲֵıȺ֮С
󷨡Ǵ󷨡ѧѾ㹻ˣ˫ûӣʣѾȫԪֻǻûлȥһһȡ
ǻԪҲѾǵѨˣЩڹһܷŹ
ʣһǶ֣໥һۣͬʱﵶŻԪ˹ȥתҪܡ
ոܳȥûûȵﴰǰͻȻһĻˡ
ǰĴˣȡ֮ޱߵѪɺ죬Ѫ۵Ĳһһ˵ش˹ҪǶû
˷ȴѪ֮룬ǵѪ⣬ѾʼȳѪڻ
ʹĴУûʶԪһ˫Ѿǵļϡ
ȻȻһһЦɣǵ°ɣ
ЩɱԼĴ̿ͣԪûж֮ģǵ㹻ȱˣǾԲǻܱ书ʮ˵ȡ֮Լıڤ񹦴һܴĽ˰ɡ


527 ׼Բ
ԼݣԪƽһ㶼ûжٻȡ˵ԭںԼԵҲ̫ˡ
û뵽ϣ⼸֪Ĵ̿;ȻɱԼϻԪ⡣
Ī˵ֻʮˣһٸԪҲȫȻ壬ֶڣǸոսڵϣѾܶԼγв
ʣڶˣԼûвˣԪҪȳԵһ鵰⣬ڵĸ֡
Ѫþ֮޷԰ΣԪȡʱ֪
ȻԪ泷ȥþǸоʱҲѾˡ
ķŻ˻˶˼ûʲôֿʮ֮󣬾ѾʧΪһͨ˵ڵء
ȡ˶˵ȫڹԪѾоڤԽ
ԭӽڶѾͻ˳ڣﵽˡ
Ԫû˿ͣ٣Ϊ˷ֹҹζֱ࣬ӽʣڵڹҲȫȡɾ
ʮ˵ڹʹֻõʮ֮һҲ൱ڶõһڶȫˡ
Ȼڹ籱ڤָ߼ǶڻԪҲǷǳġ
ûȡ֮ǰԪıڤڹûڶ壬ȡʮˣڹĽ޴ֱڣһкܴ󾫽ﵽڵһࡣ
Ԫо߰˸ڵˣԼıڤ񹦾ܴﵽڶˣ
ҪʮˣԼıڤܴﵽڣ
úãúã
ڵԭ׵ֱѾﵽ׶
Щ˵ԪıڤͻƵڣһԾԵ
Ǹո˯ͷڿڹ㣬͸Լһôϲ
˵֮ǰԪĪаҶ׼ԲôڻԪѾԺǿ⣬Ҫһ˿
ٴκҶ뽻ֵĻԪ漴ʹʹád־ѧҲ㹻ĲҶ룬ӮĿܡ
ʱ򣬻Ԫһ׼Բ֣ϡd־ѧԲ֮µĵһˣ
ڹǵϲ֮УǰʮˣԪʵ鶼ûˡ
Ѿǳˣ໨ʵ۽ˣ߾ɱԼĻֲʿ֪
ֻԶ֪Լʵʵɱɲ˵һʧһ֡
ЩȻԼǰʲôǷŵҲǸˡƶԶڸ֮еľڣѵá
໨ϷѾԶǿҲ
ѾΪ׼Բ֣ģƳ໨Գ֣κ˶ܽˣҪԶʲôơ
Ԫ治ںԶΪ׼Բٴεؿڤ񹦣ܲʲô
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ڶ˵Լڣûйͻ¼ļƻ
ڵʹǶ߹ˣȡ֮ģǴȺԶµľӿ˽
ܵҲͳͳرˣڣԶһ⣬ֻлԪ໨ˡ
ԶʱЦһ໨ʥĸǷǳ˼һģɻǴĵʥĸֻӽԺҪһݣǾǴĵ󣡡
໨淺쳱زԶĻǿ۾ڵԶôѵû𣿡
޲ǺͿˣȻǹһеĺȻˣô޾͸㣬ǣӴԺκε书Զľס޵Ļʹ֮ڣ
໨ЦһΣ
ѵĺܣһϲȴԶƿصŮˣǻֽĹȶʢҲʧȥ˶ع˼ػƺӷߣ£ʥĸǿѾҪˣٶڴģ˵Ҫˡ
ߣԿɡ
ʥĸ֪ԲԲҲˣ޾ȷ㣬ĸ뵰֮ȷʵлɢҲ֪ǻɢκ㣬Ϊ㹦ߣܱƳҩԣ޶
Զǳ⡣һϵƺʧˣһ㡣̫ĹˣΪǻɢκ㣬һ飬Ǳɢڸǵҩ
໨غѾʼü٣۾֮һɵˮԶĻƺЩ޷侲ˡ
ɢΪʹõģҩڻɢ֮£Ϊɢ˻ɢʱ򣬾ҩʼʱ򣬶ҵʱ򣬾Щ輧Ļڴɢֵʱ򣡡
Զ¶һЦ仨̾仨ô仨̫ϰ˰ɣû뵽һҲ棡
໨ʱصͻһԪߣܸܵȶȡ
ߵ໨˷ۺ죬Զ˵òȷʵһּΪǿĴҩȻ໨Щֲסˡ
ʱûʲôĹʧȥˣҩѾʼռȫˡ
໨벻ļǿڼţҩԻ
ԶվʥĸվһŮˣŮ˵ıְɣԹԵĵ޵޿ѸȫֻҪ޻һ졣㻹һ죬Զ޵йԶ޵ӣѵ𣿡
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໨Щͣ٣ر۾ЩҪֲסˡ
ߣΪʲôѵΪߵС𣡡
ʱ໨˵ļţԶǳˬڽĿ׼໨ߵĻԪϡ
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໨ٴμѵˮ۾ߵĻԪһۣԥһ£ΪӦ÷뿪
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Զҡҡͷ˾ԲܷţҶϲŮˣ˱
Ԫ沢ûбҩԻһֱ˵ĶԻǿˣԶ㲻УЩ̫Ϊ𣡡
˵ʲô
˵һֱ˵ԻѵûЩǽһӮĻأ
Զؿ˻ԪһۣСӣ㲻ˣ໨Բʧȥ㻹ʲôѵһνĵֿѵ˵ҹҲŵ̶ܶԿ޵Ĵ
˵Զ룺ֿһҲã޻뿴ֵܼһʲô̶ȣȻֱӽ㴦Ҳδ̫һЩ
˵Զ໨໨һ޵Ůˣ޲޵ĲһЩ
˵ԺԶùһɫСƿγһεҺ壬Ȼ໨ŵĴҩҲһ£ֻҪٵһ㣬Ȼȴٺ١
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Բǿ־Ϊ֧ţԻԪԪ棬лܵĻ뿪Ҹ㣬ȷʵûӦ¥ǸһȥǱҰɡ
ԪͻȻõԼ֪ش𰸣һ̾Ȼû̫ϲĸоΪ໨Ļƺ͸¶һ˲Ϣ
ԲĴ֣ƺʲô
ܹ뿪ϣܰҵһˣѾ
໨û˵˭ԪͻȻҺ֮ԼѾˣ㴫Ϣҿ²ˡ
໨ĺ쳱һ̾Ȼ˲䷢׵ļȻֻǶ̶̵һ˲䡣
ѵ鶼ϴӦҡ
ԪĻ໨Ļ䣬ָһѾɵСɵ
µķɵһ̳˻Ԫǰ
ԲΪ֮ɵѵķɵһ񾪣ôɵı
ҵķɵΪԼ׼ġ
໨˵Żѵ÷ɵԼķ۾
ԪʱͻȻĲܴӦ㣬ΪҾã黹ԼȥɱȽϺá
ԪĻ໨һ㶣˵ʲôѾûл뿪ˡ
ΪģҲûô˵
ԪʱͻȻͷ໨ľߣֻһ仰״ֶ̬ܹã
໨һ£ǿһʱ䣬Ҽֲס֮ǰһԼҲԲԶ˵óѡ
Ǿͺˣһ֮ڣҴ뿪
Ԫ໨˵ĶԻԶǰ಻סˣԻԪŭȵСӣʲôΣѵΪ޻Ź𣡡
ԪٴתԶҲû˵ҪŹң⻰Ҳʺ˵㻹ǿǿǽĸ輧һɣһҩԿƲסʱ
ԶҲЩˣʱ̫ҿ໨ϾԲͷǷǳ˵ģҪȷԼ԰ȫܶ֡
ҲԼЩ໨໨κ˴
ڼš
ǿѹԽԽ嶯ԶߵЩ·Ըһ䣺ϣˣҪ̫ɱҪһУ


532 ǿ
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ڵŻɢκ˵ˣԶЩʱҲŲʲôóˣЩΪǿս
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֪СӻᱻԼһŰɱ໨ҲΪֿסҩԶͶԼĻ
ղΪԪ浲ߣûп໨ȻɱһĻԼĻ֮С
໨ˣԼ˷ϵ书ӴԺû书Ůˣ׵ĳΪԼĺˡ
Զ֮УѾԽԽǿң΢΢з۾뿴໨ֶܼá
ûп໨ôͿһʿͻȻ˻صԼǰϣ
ˮɽ㵹Ӷꡱһҳأ
ԶЩҵ־ͻıʸһ͵һô£
һֱԶߵĽʱͻȻֽһݣݣ
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ǸڴԼ¾֮Űţ
ȻʧȥǴȴԵ쳣£ÿһγȭȣǷأһȭһѪɣһɳһ˳
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ȭɣҸܶԷĵǹһʱ򷢻ӵ˼£Щûʿ˺ԼʸûУΨһҪģǿȥĹˡ
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һʿĵԪ㶼û㣬ƾ˵ĵԼͷϣͬʱҲһȭ˵С
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ѳǹ˻ԪļԪһץѳǹͱ˹תȦһ֣ǹӳ鵽˺۶ˡ
ԪҪʹöÿһûɱˣҲԲõٴս
ʮ˶ѣԪ洦ǣҲӲʱ䡣
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ԪʱҲȷʵһʱϾΧˣԼѸٵĻֶЩˡ
ǹԼЩ˾ͼˡ
ߣǾɣǵܲ
Ԫ˫һᣬҲóȭˣǾͿƶɮƽﲻõɣ
Ԫ浱齱ǳȡһŻѧģһó˫ۺǰ¶ؽڣʼ͵ת
һЩʿɵùˣֿܵԪǿϾˣϵĿ׸ܴκεıڻԪǰֽͬһĴ׵ؾͱ飬׷Ѫء
Ծˣƾûܽѹ
һĴȥߵʿһһµͺһ
Ϊĸ߶ܼ÷˻ԪĴҪȥѰҵˣĴһ⣬ͿԻһֻҪָٵĳٶȾͿˡ
Ƭ̹򣬻Ԫٴηŵʮˡ
ЩʿһҲʶǰһ򲻵ҲɱĿˣǿ޵еÿһʿجΡ
Щ͵ʿҲˣǲָ޷ֿļһս˻µǹ룬ûһƾôŬҲ˺һ㡣
еʿרѡ˵Ĳλ֣һ˻óǹ˻Ԫȴһǹ۶ϵĽ֮ǸʿϵεˣҲ֪ŵĻװġ
ʱԶʶԼһ
һʼΪԼĿ֮ڣʧȥĽˣһʿ硣
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ݡݣ
տʼҪݵԶһҲֵغ
ЩԪõʿڵõ˽ѣˮӿ˻ĽԶм䡣
Ԫ濴һ۱ȺԶЦһԶΪͰȫ𣿡
㡭ʲô
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ߣҲţǲύˡ
Ԫ˫ȭһգؽڱһ֪ҩ취Ĺؼǣ취Լò˰
ǰһԾԪ˫ȭһ¾ҵһԶǰʿز
Ҫּǿ׽Զ´壬ҩ
Զۿ²ֽֿܵһҪܡ
Ǿ˲䣬Ǹ߸֧صײ𻵵İϣһ졣
Զʹĺһ͵ȥһײĿǲᡣ
ҩûϣʳҲ֪㲻һֽҩķʽ
ԪȥץסԶͻȻ໨һĲĺ𣺡Ԫ棬
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ǣڡ
Ͽ뿪仨ȥҲҪ죡
ۿ໨Ѿȣ˫ץԼ½ǣƺʱҪԪʶԣȷʵﵢˡ
һ໨֫Ԫ潫׵ıȻɿ˵¹ǰ
ԭҪʮʿţԪһ׵
ڴڵĿɿڴ֮УԪ໨ʧ⡣


533 ѵѡ
Ԫʶ˵¹Ĵţ໨Զ˲ĵĿﳤȥ
ʲôҶͬһߣӵʮĻԪ漸޵е״̬ɨԶľӡ
Ԫ뿪˴Ļʹ֮̾ͱ໨仨ܡ
໨״̬ǱԶľѶԸˣԪһ㡣
ִҩȻܱԸԲ̶ȿ϶ӹɵģ໨ܼôãѾ־ǿıˡ
ԸЩԷȥ໨ɲֲܷܡ
ԪﲻÿĿǰ״̬ҩⶫһ㶼Ҫ²ܻģǻԪǺУͯӹôҲܺ໨ϵ
һ˸໨ҲǻԪ治Ը⿴ģҲǶ໨Ĳ
һ仨̱ܣԪظܵ˵ı仯
ʼʱǻԪ汳һ˶໨ǰŻԪı˵һĦ໨̷һɹǵ
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ҪǻԪ⼸Ķһ˻ꡣ
һ໨ֵڻԪıŤ˫Ҳ쵽˻Ԫؿڣȥ˶ؼ
ԪۿãϾ棬Բ໨Ҳ˲þˣʩչһԾʮԶ֮䣬Ѿ仨̵̳֮ڡ
ЩŮǣǸûзڸ߿ӹĺС
仨ڲŸոմأ໨Ķͱô
ذ׵Сֻͦ˫Ȼһ˺˻Ԫǰ·
̵Ľزס壬໨ͺһŻƺҪ˶뵽Ԫ֮С
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ѾЩˣ˫ŲסԪһֹֻסĲӣһֻڷ˺Լ·
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Ҳ֪໨׶ͣıֱͬһഺŮǷرõഺŮ
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ҩ໨ϳһ˿߷֮ɫڼȫ״̬ԼģѾΪˣֻƴѹԼǼԻԪĻҲǲܽܣաҵĽɣܲҵӣáòҪˡ
Ԫһ󼱣ǻˣؼҵӸˡ
ҵ˼ǣ㻹ûʲôķⴺҩ֮
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໨ʱѾҲ̲סˣղŵֻ꼻һ֣˾ͳԡͰٴĲסԪ棬ʶѾȫģˮѾٴˡ
ԪҲ֣һ˿ҲʧԡͰˣڵ໨ѾȫĳڻԪǰƾĺвժˡ
໨뻳ԪҲǳ̾Ϣһ
µƺҲûʲô취ˣҲ߲ãҲãΪѡ
ˣôҲܽ²ܣƶɮվ;һȣǾȵ㣬컯ǾȲ㣬ˣ
¶֮󣬻Ԫ潫໨ĽٴαȻٴߵĴߣ໨طȥ
ģ֮У໨ƺʶʲôһһ̾ȻԹԵɺã¶˵죬ɢ޾ջ
㻹Լ
Ԫ뵽໨ղ˲ѣǸʱʵԪһ뷨໨пܻȥѰϾڻʹ֮оͿˣҲֿɱŮˡ
ҲԲֵϡ
ԼʱûѡôǽˣԼ
ͷȥ໨ģ֮䣬˫ֻץŴ۽ٴ黬䣬ƺڵȴ˵УҲƺڱԹ
ǻʱˮᣬԪͻȻоԼƺʲôˡ


534 ¹
໨ˮñЩ֪ĻԪһ˿
ʹ÷ɵ޵еŮˣǱʶҲڱԼˣһУͲҪġ
Լȴܲ£ΪѡһУԼ
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һ֣Ŵ󴲵ҲڴγһСռ䣬Ԫȫ໨С
Ŀ̹Ȼǰ壬Ԫҩֶֻǵʶ̣ѵ˵һҪ²ܽҿδء
ʵԪҲûʲôоϾ֪࣬ҲΪ˸Լ׳ɴļҩӦþǴҩ̼˱뷢йԼУǷйķкܶࡣ
ŴЩֲס໨Ԫ̾ϢһʵҲϵľˣжеİӣΪ˾㣬ƶɮҲֻϵʵʣ໥ϵĳѰһܾ·ˡģӾǣ
ѾһԪӲͷƤҲҪһ໨ص·ʱ仹̫
̫õķйǺΣյġ
ڵĵƻȫϨˣֻеһµԣѾѮˡ
ԼһĹȦҲ֪ǲʲôڷܶѧҹս̿С
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ããĮ֮еĳһ޾Ļɳе¹ɳϡ˲ĲҰɫ
ҹɭķ紵ɳһСɳ֣ɳѸٵ
ոȥûжԶСͻȻоһץסԶԶ˳ȥ
Ҳ֪һ±׳ȥ˶ԶС߻ͷԵٴʱȴôҲѰҲԼļʲôˡ
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һʱڿյɳϻص
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ɫĻ谵ɳĮ֮еĿƺҲӵˣһХɳӲֵڵԾ
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Ǹӵٴ˵ȴûŮӵĻش
һɳĮĵ淢΢𶯡
ⲻǵ𣡸ûе죬һֳϵĺҡŵ档
Ҫ죡Ҫ죡û뵽Ūʳ̫ˣγɹʳΪһεʳ鶼˺ܴĳɹܣǲ˼飬ϵǶȻҲԱƶ
ӻڸпŮͻȻҪ˵ˣûʱˣһ
Ҳ֪˵һʲôɳĮĵҡεѾˡ
ԽԽҿⷽԲǧﶼụ̂ȻʲôҲֺгȥġ
һͻȻ˷ܵص쿴棡
˼һĻˣҡεĵ˶ԭƺһɳĮͻȻˣɳм䣬һ޴ѷ죡
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۹̫ˣ̫ˣҼֱţǳɹĳɹңҲΣ
û㲻ΣղŵʳŪģƫǹ죬ǶתγʳȻڽסʳǵĵһȻ֮ȥıϵһЩ
Ůӵĸӽ˵ţǿյɳϳ˶ǸֲϿ⣬ҲûӰֹˡ
ƺ˼ȿܵ״̬̫ˣʳΪһǾͿʳˣֻҪµתǶȥӰˣôһҲͲˡ
ŮӳĬһ£ƺʲôµӡ
Ӽôˣ㲻ôĿģΪһһЩʵԽչˣ¿ˣôֲˣ
ҡҲ֪ôǲǶԵģ
ŮӵЩƺЩԼһС
ߣʲôԵģѾûѡˣֻߵһֻҪⲽߺˣǼϲľҲûа취ˡ
ǣǵļ԰кܶ޹ˣһʳڴĮ֮УŪôĶôʳжأֻأʱ̬ҶܿƵ𣿡
ôˣֻ飬ǲ˺ǼϹԿıǮЩͨˣôǵˣ
ŮӵЩԥǲġ
˺ˣҲЩǻרǵ飬㣬ĵĽ費ô򵥵ģǸ˿϶֪ǵһЩܣһҶģܿҪˡ
ɣô˵Ҳǡ
ˣٴδŮӵûʲôģµһбûһɲģͺҶˣ뵽ȻΪæµǶǰ뷨ֻҲϣԶĲհɡ
ŮЦĵĹ̽ʱ仹ʱû̫Ӱ죬˵ƺʹĵĻʵۺô죬Ҳǵĺû׼һͻȻزء
ҲɣϾôõĶˣ̫ס
˵Ժ˰û˵ɳĮһţֻǸոճֵ޵ԨѾſֲĴڣΧɳˡ
һεĶֻǱߵģһٱ˶ߣǿ¾е鷳ˡ
ŮٴοڵʱѾһ⡣
Цһ˾Ȼ˵ҪʲôӦٵˣ֪Ū飬飬ѶûֹˣǼϹҲУҾҪȵɵʱǼϹǸʲô飬ͺܾʣ


535 ˵
һ΢紵Ժӣ³˵㣬̵ݴоǿ˳չǲ֫
⻹ûȫر˴ҹȴشˡ
Ԫ滺߳˷䣬ʱѾժȥļٷȥ°ɫ´ɮۡ
ӷˣѾƶɮ˹Ҫĵص㣬Ҳ˶䣬֮ԼҲˡ
໨ʱһĳȹٲĺڷôɢûоҲûеױݣôĳߵ⣬ǰǶȥĺС
Щӣ⼸췢飬ȫ֮⣬ʧصĸоЩϰߡ
Ԫ棬Ƿģһε飬ͲǵЭ֮ڡ
޳˭ҲļһУƶɮѾǣѾˡ
໨ͷص˰죬ŶԻԪʵȥɱ˹ĴʥʹҲԵģӦȥѰˣǸ˫ͽܣֻһʱˡ
Ԫ΢΢ͷǵõ֤ʵ˫Ȼ໨ߵġ
໨˵书ȻҲǺȽϣ书Ͳֵһˡƺ֪һе飬Ȼȥ϶мҪ鷢ˡ
޷˫Ѿƶɮ˵סƶɮҪȥҪɽѰҲ˹ʥʹ˳·ġ
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໨ĻԪҲ΢΢̾Ϣûһ죬ԼɻҪվһߵġ
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Ԫûԭ໨Ҳûϸ˵ֻ֪һŵķλҿ϶ǲô׵ġ
໨һЩʣǻԪûʣֻҪ໨ûˣôԶˡ
Ը໨ǳһʲôĿģǾε飬໨϶ٸڶεĻˣĹպ˵Ҫһʵʵˡ
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˵Ժ󣬻ԪתȻ߳໨סСԺԺƮ㡣
Ҳһʱ򣬾Ϊˡ

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ĪаԶԼĽϣϥ
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ֻѪħѪռȫûһ˼άµ˼ĺҲࡣ
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֮ǰĪа뷨Ǿһս󣬶ٰ׵ʧĪаѵʶһ㣬ֵطȻԲС
ٰĵõĿܣԼ֣Ѿӵ֮ˣĪаоɿĶԼ
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ѵ˵Լĸ꽣ͱȲĪаţһҪоͻƣΪԼе롣
ߵĸ꽣ɢĵĺ⣬Īа˫ִƣƶš
Լǰĸ꽣ѾҵԼ·Ǻ·
ǾεŬǰѸ꽣ǹԹԵһû
Īаǻ³һоЩƣ
ʧˣһεıչأԲľ磬ջʧܸա
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㹻ˣĻԵû
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໨ͶԲ磬ƺûʲô̫ҪĶɣΪʲôԼ磬һҪأ
ĪаЩƽ⣬֪Բ磬Ǿֻһ·ߣ£ԲԶԼԵѾֲܹˡ
ﵽԲ޷Լλʦ㿹⣬¶ܰƽˡ
һ뵽һֵ뵽һεĹһһ䶼ԼȻӣĪаһջ
ٿǰĶٰףԼ־ԽˣȻԼĻ磬⻹̸ʲôư֣
һĪаٽϢ³ȥǻڵŭ΢΢ƽһЩ
ˣ
ĪаĺٰתĪаȴ˰֡
ٰٴתȥһվ
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ȥС
Īа´˷ԸҲ¶ľġ


536 ѵĶѡһ
ȥѰҶ磬ȥݷ£Ԫԥ˺ܾá
ѡȥݷˡ
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ǱߣƺǺܼеģܵȴ̫ʱ䡣
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ҪԭΪ磬ڶûн֮ǰԼ໨ʵϻǵˡ
һȳˣƻҪȥ໨Ǹʱ򣬾ǻԪ໨ʱ
ԪԼûʶôļһص
ҹ໨ҩԵĳ滹ʱڻԪԺ֮и֣Ӱ飬Щɢȥ

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ɽţɽɳĮĽӴҲѵ·ص㣬Ȳ÷ɽԽ룬ҲɳĮа棬ֻ˳ǰУɽ࣬ҲͨԲûгΪ˿֮·ıؾء
ڼƻǰɽĻԪ˵ȴõģΪ˫߹˵ľסصɽ
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ȷ˵ص㣬ԪҲ˷ܣҪˣ֮һҪŪףϵ׷ʲô飿
Ϊʲô֮ܶĶԪ治ˣνߡһУӦиĽͲŶԡ

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ĵͻȻһ죬ߵ¶һȥΪǸʱ֪Լúȥδӡ
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ľеĺһ˵ʶѾˣܿʲôˣϾ
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ĪаĿЩˣŮֻ˵һ仰ܲҴӱˣԶǸһ䣬ΪڣҲҪ
Ů˼ǡֵһȹҺܶΣʵɣԶʦҲֵ˰ɡôȥԸأǷţ룬ıƺûʲôͻɣ
ʼʱΪļ֪ô˵źã˵˼֮˼·
Ҳ֣ᱻ͸ƭ˵ġ
ԼŮһ绤ǻ̼ģĪабϲ
ǣǸһǣԼö࣬ϲԼƺѾܵԲϢ
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Īаʳ˹ؼĻȻìܵؿԼŮϣҪԼʧĻش


537 
ĪаĻĿֱֱضŵƺ뿴Щʲô
Щ̫ŮĿ⣬ĪаЩ㣬Ůش𰸡
Σĵ̾ϢһǸʱŮ
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Ѿǳˣǿ̬ƽʱĪаǾԲˡ
һЩʲô𰸣ƺһҪõġ
Ĳȥ飬Ϊͷǣʥֻ̺ߵһһмʱ
ŮЩܲס⣬˫ֻϣˮָ˳һҪĺͼҵһҪȥ²ʵء㲻Ҫҡ
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ŮǿޣŮҲһֱܼǿһΣǶĪаͷһˡ
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ڿϿˣĪаܣش𰸡
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ž
صһ׵ϣոŮԼĵƽһƣٴε
ʺָӡ˲ϸ֣


538 齣
Īа׼ԲʵʹûöҲûжõСֵܵסġ
ĵڵأԺһƬ
û뵽İһ䵽Լϣ䵽ϲŮϣΪ˼顣
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ⲻģ
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ͣ˽ŲͷĪаصĿͷؿţȻٴӰʧ⡣
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ʼʱĪаһֱڻر⣬Ϊ֪ԼΨһ
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ֱգĪаʵ޷룬ĵһҲԸ⿴ĽǱŮ׶ϾǵĸŮϵԼò
ֻٵԼŮľܴﵽһľԲܴͨԼء
Ϊһ㣬ĪаϧִıŮŮġ
ڽı֮ϣĪаľѾƽֻͣҪģҲԼΪŮǣҡ
˵ɣҲһְĵ±ӣҵŮ
ĪаĬĬ仰ǽŮʹȥıӰԺ棬ֻͻƣֻԲ
˼άԽԽĮ飬ľΨһ©Ҳ𽥵ʧ
Īаȥľı仯ǽԼעȫŵǰĸ꽣档
Ҫģø꽣Լ
潣
˽һ
飡
赲ǰߣһնȥŮ٣ħҲãҲգ޿ֹ
ңĪа齣
ĸоûдһ̣ǻ赲¶ĵĵǰĪаĲˡΪ׷ѾԽһС
ڵţͬˮڣһ˵سأ
أ赲ϰ֮˵ϡǧϰ֮ˣмܴϣܳ忪
忪մôˣţӴ˽µš
Ȼûм˭ĳǳأɾԲ֮˵õǺʵġ
û˵Բ˥ϣҲЩ֮ǰﵽԲ˶˰ɡ
ϰ׷Īа顣
ӰӻʱĪаԺ渡֣ղŵһƣӿһ̳Ϊħ
Īа˫ڲţƺŮǰ˵Ϊʲô
һĻʵڵģʱĻþܸо
ҪֵҲû취ȥѰԼҸɡ
ĪаЩڻþ֮ˣǰŮ˵˵š
ôܲҪңŮôôң
ʹĿţ޵Īаһķҡ
ҪԲޣҾ͡ɱ㣡
þԽԽʵĪаûΪһǼٵģȥޱȵջ𣬶ľ档
Ůˣǰ˵ʲôҲϷŹ
Īаﺮһƺоصɶôһ㣬һͿȫˡ
һƣ꽣ɣԼͽԲˣ
谭ϵģǰŮ
Īаû˵ֻǻеĽԲͷѾѹһУʹԼŮҲԲ赲Լ
ټˣȥɣ
Īа˵һ仰еĸ꽣ͻȻֶһֱӽŮض
ѪɽӦܴһǻˡ
ɱԼŮĪаûв
ǰĻͻ߽⣬ʧ֮С
ĪаԼҲڻ֮
۾ĵһ飬ĸ꽣֪ʱѾǰ


539 Ϯ뷴Ϯ
֮УĪаڶԼŮ̳ôһ
Ȼֻһ룬Ǵ̳һ֮Īа֪Ѿɹˡ
ڷǣʵ׷󳬹˶Ůİ齣һѾﵽ˴ɡ
ӴԺĪаľû
ľϵԲĪа֪ͻƵʱڵˡ
Զٰ´ָֹκԼ˭Ҳһɱ⡣
´ĪаһεĽչ״̬
һεıչʱ䲻ܳľԲͻƾˮɵ顣
ĪаѾˣһԼ֮󣬾ϯʱҲã仨ҲãҲãΪԼͳһĵʯ˭赲ԼĽŲ
ʱѾ¶ʮգԪ澭˳;棬ڰռ˫ʾҵǰѩɽ
һѩ壬ɽѾöˣӦþݡ
ֱֱµɽ壬Ƭɽ֮С
ߵɽ壬Χȴûκεĸ߷ܶγڣҰƴɽ֮ԶϺ۵ףǹ۲ѵĵص㡣
ɽȻվȴ赲ԪĽŲƾʱյṦѾûκɽǸ߲ʵˡ
յʱ䣬ɽѾĽ£ԪҲ˴еĿĵء
ԶһͰͬĹķӾ˵סˣԪؿԲεģвܵǹƾ˹۲Ĺߡ
ԪҪ֪࣬Ѿϵͳôˣôǧ˿ƵѾԪͽεϵһ
ưԽҲã˳Ҳãûк󻼡
ĿһƬף񾭳ѩ
ŲѩأԪ滺ȥ߱߹۲췿ĸֹе
һЩôǼ侫ܵԷоġ
ˣܸԼһЩ
ǰԪСţ˶Է˵㹻ء
һû˻Ӧ
ĪԼĲʱ򣬷ӵ˲ڼ
Ԫ濴˿ΧѩΧһ۾ܿͷΧ޾ȺɽԪʵڲ˻ᵽʲôطȥ
ɻ󣬻Ԫ׼Ŷ롣
֮ǰԪͻȻʶʲô˻ѩ濴ȥ
ǰѩ棬ֻԼո߹Ľӡǰƺйɨĺۼ
ⳡѩµʱ̣ܶҲ£˴ɨֻԼĽӡ
˵ɨ˻û뿪ⶰӣڻˣ
ԪһݣȷԼŵѾ㹻ˣΪʲôûأ
תͷԪٴš
ûڼѽ쿪ţƶɮǧԱŸ𣿡
Ĵţ˵ԪһĬĬʩչͨڿȥ
໨һ⼸죬ԪѾ֪۲ʩչġ
Բʩչۿˣһò⡣
ҲûһﵽԲˣԿ˽Ϊ֡
ԪҲһϲ͵˵ˣԵõ֮׵ʩչοۻҪĺܴʩչ
ǰ棬Ȼȥ۲췿ڵʱһˣѾ쳣
һɨڵһţԪѾ
ûʲô̫ľٶֹţô¶ԶӰûУˣǽȰɡ
˵Ժ󣬻ԪŶ롣
ԲεķӱмһǽΪԲԪԺһþһӦȫ
миţƾ˵ˣԪûڳֱͣҵǰ
װҪȥŵӣԪǰͻȻһǰǽڣһȭ˳ȥ
һȭԪѾãһȭֱӽǽںһ첲˹ȥ
ǽڵĺ棬һ˫յ䱸ȴһݾͳһȥû뵽ǽڶ
ԪĴǽһȭУ˲ҽһֱӱɳȥֱֱײ˷һǽ֮ϣѪز
ߵ˱һȭɣұ߻һˣҲһѵڵȴԪţû뵽ͻȻֱʡ
ֵһӣһŶŻԪķͿ˹
Ԫ΢΢һָͬǹһŶڴȥ
ŵٶ̫죬Żûȫ𣬵ǾԪһָĺֳʮ͸
ź˲֪ԪξȷԼλõģĶ˼֮ڶ㲻ˣԪһָСȣһûȵ£ӶָĴ䳹׻ڵء
һս˫˻ûм棬Ѿˡ
õʱȫԪ߽ڡ
һµˣǵҸΪҪģǵľ綼Ѿﵽڣҽڶкܳһʱˡ
ջԪھĻ֣˵ʵܱȵԼĵӻ۵ԪǸˮƽǽϼѵõĸ֡
սԪȻҲǣʤһģǾûˡ
֮󣬻Ԫ˫һ̧Ѹֱֵӷɵ˻Ԫ˫ֵַ˷صӵһߡ
ȱº˵صĺһľͷʵ̫ǿܿġ
Է¶Ŀ־壬Ԫﰵ⣬˵أ
һ˵ǡҲѰ
ڵƺϻڣڲˣһֱڣԪ֪û˵ѣɴڵϣǵǺˣʲô
㿴һۣҿһۣû˵
ԪЦһһ̧ǸԼָ򵹵ֱӱǴǰԪһְǴһ˴һоѾܿƵԪӿȥ
˵ҵ书ʦ㣡
Ԫһͣô̶̵˲䣬˵ѾԼȡ룬ȡԪĻ٣ֻнڹȫգԼʵд
ǻԪ治ħͷϹԹԵϣԪҲķȥڹ
һεգһûаµڹǲȫָġ
˶ͷ϶ĺԻԪʦ飬СҲǮƣ˰µģֻȡǸͷ޶Դʦֵ˼
ƶɮʲôˣ˭£
Ԫ֪Լֻʷᣬ˶ѣ˵ص㡣
ҪſڻشԪ⣬ͻȻʼǸԪһȭ򵹵ˣͻȻڻ˦һöڣֱ˺Ķ


540 ֻһ
һ֣ԪЦһ
ߣڣŶûУ
òҵһϿ˵ģԪȻ׵رɱǽ˹Ԫʩչ˺ܾöûùĽ֡
ټĽӽԪϵȫ档
öڲһöڵǿ󹥻˽棬ġˡ󣬾ĵ档
ԪҲǲǻʲôֶΣһ̧֣ɴཫҲ˹
ԪһȭУں޷״̬£˵˸أûʲôֿڻԪǴһͱԪֱΪͨˡ
ĵ棬Ԫ濴ûһۣһǵѨ֣ȻٴʩչǴ󷨽ֱ׵˴⡣
ѩ壬Ѿͨ뿪ˣԪҲõʩչʲôֶδˡ
һԪﰵϲȡڵ֮Լıڤٴһأڵص·ϣѾԽͯӹڶľ澭ӽˡ
Ԫƣȡ˵ڹԼıڤܴﵽڶ塣
ȡ˵ڹڤͽΪԼĿǰĵһڹʽڵľ硣
Ϊѯ࣬Ԫǿѹ½ǰ˵ڹҲȡɾ뷨˵ɣղŵǸ˾³
ƵƵͷԪֶγ׵ˣһ˿һĵֿͷԻԪʦģСıһɱ֣ЩҲЩţǸҵѣһҵңһһɱˡ
ŶǸˣ
ԪһʶԼпץˣǸ֪Ӧñ˶һЩ
æʩչۿԪ澪ط֣ǸѾԾˡ
вûڣԪʶԼһǾǱܵΪɱһģ֪ӦһࡣԼֻҪ˿һ˵;͹ˡ
û뵽ɱҲ֣֮Լץסһסıʧȥ֮£Ѿɱˣ
̾һԪǰ˵֪鶼˵
ǣһԺ󣬾͸˭ϵģȴûˣҺǱңӵһͷǾţͷ̶֡
Ԫ΢΢ͷԼеĲࡣ
ʱڵıѻůģǻΪⷿӵͷȥϲˣǵһʱˡҲû˻ʶͷѾˣ׼ȥѰңʦ͹ˣ飬Ѿ֪ˡ
ȥǸ˶˵ʲô飿֪һεĹ˭
û˵ֻǼ򵥵ĽһЩһеģֻҪǮͺãѯʹ顣
֪پ˵١
ǣ˵ӶǵˣǵﲻĴ򣬹Ӷǵ˶ϵĴڣǾһֻϣСЩţôʹԶǸĻʵۣҲ˵ϰɡ
ԪһĪ໨Ӷǵģ
ΪѧܳƺϵģӦþԲˣǷĻʵۡ
漴Ԫַܣ뿪֮ǰ໨ȰԼˣͬʱɳɱɱˡ
ĻôԲ
ѯ˼䣬˶ǻش𲻳ʲôмֵĶˣԪﰵ̾Ϣ
ǰæһǶּһЩѽ
ǰѾûʲôֵˣԪɴȡȻ뿪ѩ塣
ȻûˣǻԪûľ绹ڣҸط꣬ڹָܻġ
ԪȻɱˣҲԸԼʲô󻼣˵书Ҫ͵͵Ҳһθڵ¡
̿ͣԪص˵ķڣ׼ȴǵƿţʱһ
ΪǰȻһͷţŶȣһģ
Ԫʱûٴۿ̽ȻûзһˣﰵвʱҲ˲ŨŨĺġ
ڻԪ濴ͷʵڣʱƺˣˮƽʵǲҹάƺھûƵġ
Ԫͷ´Ԫ棬ԽԽǾӡ
Ԫͷӷǰ𣿡
µһ䣿
ͷûлشԪĻǷһ䡣
Ԫͷƶɮ
ϷûУ濴Ҫд鷳ѽҪҿûֻһˡ
һھˣֱӸ߻Ԫֻһûˡ
˵ĻԪûȫšҲûвţֻ˵Աߣǰܿ˵
ѣ࣬ȷʵǴ֮󣬶Ϸ򿴵ҲôС
Ԫһ£֮ǰǰȥˣ
ϷϸոҪ͸о﷢ţһ£ֽо֮ԸɴͶ֮ûһ˾ˣûϷѡ
Ԫһͷб£ȻԼļףֻ
Ƿǰ˵ƶɮֻһ֪Ǽ٣
̫˵
˶ŻԪ࿴Ȼûһʼʱô϶ص֣֣ȷʵӦֻһˣǲģΪʲôϷأ
һ꣡һ꣡һǧ꣡
ͷ߶˼䣬ͷϷͷһμôֵˣ˱Ϸֱӽײˡ
ͷ߶ԪҲһľĪԼдգûжÿɻˣ
ͷĻô϶Ϊأ
һЩɥҡҡͷ̫ˣУϷȻʮֵƶϣѵ㲻˲ɣ
仰ԪȻĪ˿ԼǴԽ
ƺҲһ˵ѣֶ֮ԻԪȲ˵ˣУ˫ͽҲܶ࣬ϷɣǽӦ֮ˡ
֪ǰ˵ýʲô˼
ŻԪܾˣ̾Ū𰸡
룬ԻԪǽǽĽ˼ĽϷʮǰд˽٣Բӵˣ۲仯һ뻯˽١
ǰ۲ˣ
ϷĿǰóĽۣģҲ˵ΪģѾﵽ˲ɱĳ̶ȡ
˵ŻվԻԪתжɣǶ켣̶·ߣƫƫƫԭе·ߣΪ֮ƣһγɣضĪ·
ԪʱҡҡͷǰǲЩˣƶɮίʵţܽǶƫɲеֶΰɣ
˵òԺǶȻģȴ˷ġ
˵ͻȻóһľԻԪȻ£Ҹȷɣ㹻ǳǳĳϸҰһ֧㣬ϷܽĴ𣿡
˵ԺһĵӣΨֻԪ治Լ˵Ļ


541 Ѻ˵ǵ
˵ĻԪû˵ֶ˼֡
ˣ˵ЩҲδܹ⣬ھ죬ϷҪȥռȷ㾿ǲǽӦ֮ˡ
Ԫһ£Ҫȴ𣿡
˼٣ͬѰȷǲӦٵҲô򵥵ģϷҪ±ҹ֮󣬲ȷݡ
˵ĻԪ˼һ£û뵽ȷһҪҹôãʱڻȥѰҶ硣
Ǿǰץʱɡ
Ϸھȥݶռϣݶǵƣҹ֮ƲϨôϷ򲻵ȷݣһܵõüĿ֮ˡ
˵ĻԪͻȻһ˿õԤУ˸õΣ
ˣôʩңӦٵ㣬һζڽӡ
ɫص˵仰ԪҲоһ־޴ѹ
ǲ֪ƶɮΪǰЩʲô
ֻҪεѩ壬ϷѾʱ֮ڣƻϷʩͼȡϷΪ²ϣɲҪκңʩɹ񣬾ͿɵǷˣ
ɱ֡
Ѿ˷ϷȡϷˡһδɱʧܣ϶еڶΣȡϷˣֹһˡɣᰡ
Ԫǰ˸ףȻˣ粻˳٣ǰھϷݰɣƶɮһشѩ塣
ȻԪ˰Ʊ˲ûɵɫǵԸֵܼľһЩϷüĿ
صɫԪﲢرΪȻղŵһսԼڵڤٴνѾӽ澭ڵٴ׳ֱѾﵽ״̬ǰδеĺá
׼ԲԼòѾԽǸ׼ԲһЩʵսѾԲ׼Բ̶֮ȣԲϮȻԪ滹治˭
תҪ뿪֮ǰԻԪмǣмǣֵʱ䳤̣˴黹жٻᡣ
˵Ժת뿪ݣϷȥŪаʽȥˡ
ȻԪţ̬أҲҴ⣬ɴҲ뿪˷䣬ڷſڣĿ
ѩСԪһʩչѩɨһȦûʲô쳣
ѩ֮ϵÿһأÿһһеĶƵع۲󣬶Ԫμģÿʱһεɨӣ¿ûʲô仯
ݶȼյ͵ƣƾɽХǵȴᱻ紵𣬷ǳ档
Ԫ濴˿ϵͳʱ䣬Ѿ¶ʮģ·ݳ齱ʱ䡣
˰±Ӧǵ·ݲŻɣʱ֮ڣԼκεطȥˡ
˵ĻԪһֱֻ̬ȣôͻôɱʱܿ͹ȥˣӦòʲôġ
ǲŸոյһ죬˵Ļ͵õ֤
Ԫҹۿʱֹȥ˰ʱʩչɨѩ֮Ȼ̾ͷ⡣
ԶѩԵмӰҹĻ
Ԫ۾΢΢һ£һ¹ش󣬻ԪǲκƻģȻˣǾ°ɣ
ոҪվͻȻڷ˵һ䣺мǣ㲻뿪ȻϷΣա
Ԫһ㶣ͣ½ŲĬĬصȴڰ֮е˵

ĳһ֮ڣһһŮڶԻ
ӵо޶ƸϢųȥ𡣡һŮؿڡ
ĺˣͷôܵ鱦ͬô࣬ϢɢȥˣĸɣõЩ鱦ʵģѾĽǰѩɽˡ
еЩ⣬ֽ赶ɱ˵ַȷʵıȽʹࡣ
̫ˣϹ˫Ȼ֪˭ǹҲǵĴλˣʮнɲʱ̹ܴɡ
ܷĺˣֻҪһûǵܾͲᱻ֣Ҹұ֤һ֮ڣһɣʱʹǼϹԳҲ޲ˡ
ŮǼϹʼĸ󻼣Ψһ񣬾ǹעʱֵתǵľٶδǡ
ǲҪˣֹϼһгһǵڣǼϹͨ籨š
˵Ż޺޵صϧҶ˱أʳ鶼벻ңȻκһԳ֣ɽ˻ɱ
ԸһβǶ֣˾ӲЩۺƸĽ˰ɣ
ŮĻ˵ǲܵϣЩˣѾǰɽʥˡ
Ŷȥ֪ͨĪа
ٺ٣ĪаЩŵǰЩգо𣿡
Ůоˣȷʵ
ҲڽһˣȻǺģɳȥͳˣʱʥ̵ѾȥƱ˰ɣ֪ĪаܲԳ֣
˵꣬ٴζŮǶôϢý𣿡
ŮûŵѾûϵˡ

ɽ֮ϣħ֮һ˳ȥ
ѾõϢ˵ľס֮ʥ̵̳ʮңԶҲɽ֮ڡ
ֻڣƫƫӵž޶ĲƸЩƸʥ̵õĻôʥ̵ʵ̨ףбһͳѾǴֿɵ֮¡
ԴĪմȨ֮ħƺÿпˡ
ݷֵܺɲɲļ룬һ±˽ڵĶ˵ʲôȨˣĪаĸǰ¶Ļᶼˡ
ʱǵѲߣħܸġ
ԣһڽĸǰ֣ý֪мֵġ
ˣ˵ͻȻ֣ǿϣֻҪϢĪаȻӧǰɱˣƸŽǻǵġ
ϵ϶Ѿװϴǰȡڱ֪Ϣ֮ǰһϢĪа
ǲǲ֪ŵǲ֪ǰһŹֵΪش֮£ʹԽҲܹġ
ˣñȽϢ֪ͨ˽ǵͷɾûˡ
ϵϴ˴ǰһ·ǰȥ
˼Ѿܹͬľͷ׮һվڽǰĶٰˡ
û߽Զٰ׵ͷСֵܣϷشҪ֪ͨΪͨһ°ɡ
ٰ׻۾һ˫۾ѪѪģͬĶ߽Ĵϣ۾¶̵Ĺ⡣
Ŷٰ⸱ЩջôΪͿӱϵĴ
ٰ׵ľʵǲ֪ģǹҲôҲȫݷǸˮƽﲢξ£ں˵أҪ˽Ĵ£𣡡


542 µһѯ
ٰ׸Ͳλϣ۶Է˭ûֻҪ߹Īа涨ķߡ
˵Ļٰûջ𣬴󲽵ǰߣǰȥ飬Ƥ
ߵ붫ٰ״ԼԶʱ򣬶ٰڶˡ
һͷ׷ͻȻǣһ˲ͻռľ룬ǧһ㣬ֱֶȥ
û뵽ŹֵȻҶԼֽ֣һ־Ҫֿϣٰ׵ͷ𿪡
ǧĳܹĿԲ赲̬ƣ˲佫֡
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ֽšӶ׷ƣϲʶԼǰĲ̴࣬ؽ˾
û˿һУԶݷĬĬؿ·Ǹûй˼
Ըȥȥˣݷ˿ɲᡣ
ٰ׵ĳһֱӴϵ֫ͷ­
Ѫɽһͺͺ䵽˵ϣղŻħ̵ĳϣھѾΪһ˹
ٰһſڣһѪ˳ȥֱ䵽ϵʬϡ
ʮ֮ڣϵʬȫΪŧѪ𽥵˿С
һԼѪ⣬ƺʲôûз
׷˻ȥٰٴλر۾
ݷԶһУһⶫٰ׵ֶ̫ˣ̫̣Ǹʲô춯
˶һۣݷƵֵܣ¸ôźã
˼һ£ǲܾ
Ȼ⼸ǾȥɡϴˣǾ϶̳
Ƶͷǲܼϣǣ˵ֶĪ⣬ǿȥȻҲǰ
ðɣϣǽˣĪаĪܴ󷢴ȱǶһЩĽҩɣ
ӿЦ߳Ƶҽ̣ȴ䵽ⲽء

֮ˣϢѾˣӵиɵйĲƸ˭ܵõЩƸеˡ
Ÿɣ֯һЩҶĶˡ
˳Ⱥӵǰɽȥ
ΪϢ⽲˵ĲƸ¶˵λãȻǧѷ꣬ڲգһӵġ
ɽѩ֮ϵĻԪ棬֪ЩҹӦòһѵ顣
¶ĺӰѾӽ˷ǳĵز
ЩӰĿȷΪڷǵƣռƻҹɫ֮зǳۣһ¾ҵλá
ǻԪΪµӰУȴᱻ˷֡
ĬĬؿЩӰѾߵ˺ܽλãԪЦһ
һεռ̫ҪˣԪ治κƻȻЩ˲֪ˣôݹƶɮֺݶˡ
ЩӰ˾ܲԶĵطѾؿ˵Ӱһ˴ȵͷæˣϿ
˸ͲЩˣȻ񽻸˻Ԫ棬ŲЩء
Ǹͷ˼޶ԣǾƲԳԷˣϣͷҲкڵʵСһЩ
ԪĿ䵽Щϣһˣһڣĸڡ
⼸˵ڤӦ޵Ľӽڶˡ
֮󣬻ԪӰ֮ûĬĬʩչþ
ݾߣˣһҲܣ
߼þۣþգмá
׼һԾϷǻûǶͻȻΧɫһߣ󣬹ԣ˲Ѿ˼䡣
ٴ̧ͷһŹءֵңѾͷ
һǷͬСɣ໥һһŨ˴Ѿˡ
֮ڰ֮УԼľͻᴫһҽУµĹӰӲʱ֣˴˲֪ͬΣֻڿ־֮ǰ
ԪˮƽʩչѾǼûκεˣЩ˸һĶߣǵֻޱߵĿ־塣
ֻ棬ǻκεֿĶһںڰбԪ͵Ϯ֡
Ǹͷڱһɾȥʱþʧˣĸͬ飬ѾȫȡѨӵһߡ
Ǵʩչڵȡ˸ɾԪ«Ѩӵһߡ
ĸ˵ڹԪͺһٱȵζһ󼤶
ˣڶ壬ֻôһ˿ľˣٴţѾﵽ࣬־ĵֱˡ
һڣڤ񹦵ܱȵϾˡˣԪͽӵһڵ
ڣǻԪľ磬ǸʱڹٴһʵķԾ
ڹкڵĻͿԺԲȽһˡ
ʱ򣬻Ԫ治ʲôĲ¡һˡ
¿ţԪϣһЩ鷳ġ
һ˵һ֮⣬֮ĵڶһһҹȥˣûһ˳֡
˸߻Ԫ棬һεǳأܶ˻鷳ģ˷ǳ࣬ԻԪϣĵȵ˵졣
Ѿ¶ʮˣԪ滹ûпһ˳֡
Щ˲֣Ԫ΢΢ЩļҲܳסϲãԼԳ齱
һ뵽齱飬ԪͻȻ뵽˵Ļ
˵Լֻһˡ
Ļô齱Ҳ鲻˼ˡ
ĩһʮ£СꡢڡԪ硢ϦȣһҲʮεĳ齱ᡣ
ʱڣԪҪɵ黹̫ࡣ
ͻȻ֮䣬ԪЩģƾʲôҾֻһĻԼôΪʲô
ϵͳ֮
ԼΪʲô
˵ĻǼ٣Ԫ涼ãԼӦü׳ԼֻйԽߣĻԽ
պҲãҲã书ܲһ¡
Ҳ֪˾жı£һнҿ˵
ţԪһֱȵ˽ҹʱ֡
ɨѩһȦûзκε쳣Ԫǰϵͳ
ƽʱԪ涼ȵϵͳʱ䵽ʾʱŻῪϵͳһǰˡ
ǻһָоϵͳԶİԼ
ˣϵͳ
ƽˣϵͳ
Ϥϵͳת̣氵޹⣬齱ʱ仹ӡ
ģԪ淭˼ϵͳ
һȡ˵δɵ״̬ؽδá
˲ڵɰ˷֮ؽδá
Ҳһûɡ
񣬻ԪͻȻʶΪʲôԲԼ֮һʲôλأ
µһɵ񣬾ԼжԶ
⻹ǻԪһͷͿʼоϵͳеĵһ֪Լɵһܻ֮ʲô


543 µһĽ
ԪѪشϵͳѯԴԽڣûѯǵһΡ
µһʱ򣬻ԪͻȻط֣ԼǰȻ̡
ֻһС֣£µһ񣬻Ҫǰλ
Ԫһ£µ
ֻһԪ֪ǰһͺһ޴ӵ֪Ҳ֪Լǰλɶʲôɡ
ʹÿԪҲܲ²һţħ̿϶ǰġ
ΪħжٰףʵԽĴڣĪаҲһ׼ԲԼʵࡣ
⻹ݷڶ壬Ҳܿ׼Բġ
ɲɲ֣ϣ޲ڣʵҲħ̵ʵ档
ħ̵ĸ߶սҪԽֵġ
Ҫ۵ָԶԶ޷ħᲢۣħȣȫ
־Ȼ壬ջԪĹƣԼӦģ໨仨Ȼ໨Ҷ֣ǸݻԪڴһʱ˽⣬ǵ־Ͳôˡ
ľ仨̵ģǾںʹȺիûʽ仨̣Ҳ֪㲻仨̵ˡ
ɼϣ仨̻ܳԽ£һǿܹ͡
Ϊʲô֮أ
䵱ܡǵ󶼱Լˣ䵱ʵԶԶһġ
ؤģؤҲʲô˲õĸ֣޷Ǿ˵ӶһЩˡЩ߶ս
ἣҲᣬʹǸһͻƵԲǵʵҲ֮¡
˲һɣֻǸˣԲڿ֮С
˼䣬ԪͻȻ뵽ڡ
ˣľ˵ʲôʱֵˣǷǳǳģֻڴڽϳ֣Ԫ漸ɡ
ҵɽԼʶڵһϣ˻Լǰڣ˵Լм̳֮ϣء
ɴ˿ڵʵ֮ܿϣԼʱ䣬Ӧǰһˡ
ûˣֻԺ˵
ǳɣȻһɵʵ֮ϣûԪЩ⣬ϲԼ֪ðһʵôǿأ
˼ҲûнԪֻ÷ͷ
û뵽ԼƴЩ꣬־Ȼµ壬Ԫһʱ䲻ɵЩɥµһҲɰ
һ飬Ԫ뿴µһ᲻ʲô
ϵͳ˵Իףû˵ƷڻԪ鿴һ¡
ո뷨ϵͳʾ𣺡ɽǰ壬鿴
һ֮£Ԫʱ˫۷Ź⣬ԭнұǰſԲ鿴֪ʲô
ѡ˲鿴֮󡣻Ԫǰһ޴ޱȵķ
Ԫ۾ʱ̸оԺһֻ÷֮УԺҫۣǰžģһŻԪԺо̲֫ס̹򵹳˼
ôõĺУڹݷûʲôֿݵʱȴоԼ嶼ѾܿˣȻľ޴ƺѹָˣ
ʱ򣬷ͻȻʧˡ
Ԫɣ͸飬ֱ̫ˣԼʵڷǰȻһָ޷ƶ
ѵϵͳ𣿼ֱͶһˣ
ʱϵͳʾٴ𣺡µһɽµһá
ԪĿˮҪˡ
üһ𣬹Թ¡Ŷ
һ֣߱²ˡ
ʲô£һţʵʵﶨţԲܺҵֿˡ
һ˲䣬ԪͻȻ֣Լҵ˶Ը໨ɵİ취
Ȼ໨Ľǳˣ໨жʱ򣬻Ԫ滹һ޷Եķ˴ҩζԪ񻹼ǵС
Ⲣ໨֮లˣΪĴڣк໨ϵһ죬ǸʱʲôֵԲķɵ
໨ԲԼ֣ȻǰԼľҪߣﵽܺԲˮƽڻС
ֻԼµһҪȵʲôʱأ
ѡ񣬻ԪҲĺ໨϶Կص·ԩ˽ⲻ˽ᣬԪ滹ϣ໨ܹͶ绯ɸΪ񲯡
ϣԪһСС˽ģջҪ̬ȡ
һ𣬻Ԫﰵ¶ġ
˲˵ԼֻһûôԪΣҲҪһ֮µһ񣬵ʱôһУ¼仹˭κԼ
鿴µһԪֿ˿ļϵͳ񣬷޷ѯʲô
ʱϵͳʾ³齱ʱ䵽ˣԪ潫˼˻
ֽȻãڻеɼǽǰãһȴʵ
ϵͳʾǸת
ǳ齱û̿ʼϵͳʾٴ
֪Σգڿѡ񡣡
Ԫһסˣϵͳ˵ʲôΣգָʲô
һɲԤ˻Ԫͷѵ˵ԼֻһϵͳΪӦĵˣ
Ȼô˵ˣǻԪûԼϵͳ֣ΪԽߣôסأ
ϵͳҲô˵ˣԪͲòˡ
ϵͳ񻹴ûƭԼȻô˵ô˵пܳΪʵˡ
ϵͳʾڼţΪѡһǼάϵͳĳ齱ʽ䡣ǰԤ֧һĳ齱ÿεĳ齱ΣʵһԺδȥ꽫г齱
ϵͳʾԪغһȻΣˡ
ô죿һ֮ƶɮҪλ
ӷ˵˼꣬Ҫȥˡ
ȻԪھһ˿Ҫȥǲĵġ
ôԶ־ûأԪôȥ
ϵͳ˵һᣬһĳ齱ҲԤ֧ˣҲ˵ֻҪԼԸ⣬ÿγ齱ʱ䣬Ⱥ齱Ρ
סһԼûô꽫г齱ˡ
˼ʹ࣬ԺǮǰóֻҪϢܸߣ𷭱Ϣ
ȻЩ󣬵ǻԪѾЩĶˡ
δûг齱ҪԼһ궼ȥδ齱ʲô壿
ô˵ȥҪġ


544 µȡ
ϵͳĿ̱Ԫ˼Ƭ̾˾ѡڶ
ÿγ齱ȡΣһԼһ֮ڵջ϶ǲСġ
пһ֮ڣԪʵʹﵽһ൱ߵĸ߶ȣӶסΣڵϦСԺҪ齱Ҳûء
ѡͲٸģԪشϵͳ⡣
Ԫѡ˵ڶϵͳһâ˸ʲôһģ֮ϵͳתȫ
Ԫغһڵĳ齱ǳȡһξһˣ鲻öھͼ˻ȥĻᡣ
һеĳ齱Ҳǲʮˣʮεĳ齱֮ڣԼִܽµһ
ܳΪ޿
ܽͯӹɾ
һжδ֪ģԪһθоЩ־塣
ԭһжģԼȻֻһȻ˵ԼЩĲʮ׼ǹҲ˾Ųʮˡ
ûϵͳ˵ˣɼԼٵΣжôء
ףҪûˣʲôã
ôѵҪǵŮȫȢȻԼһ徣һȺ绨ػ
ʵ
ˣ
ϢϢصģԪѾеظܵΣ
ȭͷˣˣѵԼ
ôŵĻԪһЩãˡ
˿ǰϵͳת̣ԪһҪԼôһ֮ڣԼûоȡ
ķܼ򵥣ϵͳתϳʲôƷԼϵͳȡһΣȻ󿴿гʲôƷһԼΡ
Ȼÿһγ齱ᶼܱˣǻԪ滹ǾһΣִİѪַ
ûȥϵͳʾԪĬĬر۾ȴϵͳԶȡһ̵١
ϵͳʾģʾûпʼȡͻԶȡһΣѡһ£ҲȥĲ
ϵͳһʾԪ涼ûжֱʾȫϵͳԶȡˡ
һϵͳʾٴ𣺡ȡ۵ǷʹöĲܣ
ʾԪ滹ûѡĲĻôǻԪԶĲˡ
һλԪ治Ҫˣϲ۾
۵
Ȼ˽۵
Ԫ̲סпϲ̫ˣ
Դʧȥ˽ӥ֮󡣻Ԫǹ˺óһʱĿˡǵÿɳĮ泤;棬ǿţϣƵɳĮУʹǻԪҲĥĿˡ
ӥǻԪĳһ뷨
û뵽һεķݣϵͳԶȥȡȻԼȡ˽۵
ϵͳϵĽ۵ͼԪһ󼤶۵ȥͣȵĽӥǴ˺üȦ
ǻսˡ
µţĴڣ
Ž۵񳬹ʮ׵չǿıԪƣĸ˶ⲻˡ
Ȼĸ˲дӣԼЩ֪ԡ
ǿ̽۵ȡ飬Ԫ֪еڶγ齱
˵ʮεĳ齱ôھֻʮŴˡղŷһϵͳԶȡԪ治ٷˡ
ȻԪ˶Ĳ֮ϵͳתٴδٴӰڶγ齱ʼˡ
ĽƷֻһһλԪ۾ϸز鿴˸
ЩڻԪֵģ߲ģѾעˣֻѰҶԼõĶ
һ鿴ԪȷԼԽܵĽƷ嵥
Ĳ㣬ǷǳǳҪģֻҪõôԼѾõľ澭ľ͵ˣڵԼҪӵˣ
ǽֵԲƵķҲܽܡ
˷֮⣬ԽܵľǷ㣬Ϊﵽ߲Ҳǿѡһѧġ
о߲㣬Ԫǧﴫˡ
Ȼд󽱡˫⼸á
оֵԲ۵ڶ㡢һ㣬ԼǸصʺŽ
һεʺŸһd֣ǻԪĿǰǿֶΡ
⼸֮⣬о书ˡ
ԪĿֻͣڸ߼ѧ棬߼ѧֵǽղϰ벿
ղֻһ²ƣڶԲ²ơ
ַ񹦣ǻԪȫķؼõģʵͽЩͬζġ
ϸ˵ǱȽָʵõķַΪҪ߷
˵ûԲˡԪѧϰѧ֮ôһ׵ˡ
ЩѡĽԪһ׼ٴγ󽱵ʱͻȻʶһ⡣
Ǿһγ齱ʱϵͳѾܿˣԼܿϵͳĹǰ
Ҫǲܿƣʲô壿
᲻һиıأԪ濴Ŵ󽱵λã飬صһǸʼȡ
ûж
ԪͷϲȻһκϲ齱֮ϵͳ˱仯Լܴŵչˡ
ȻԪͲÿˣȡ󽱣ȡʲôǺõġ
صĵ˼·λԪù˳ȥ
Ȼָֻԭ״̬תһȦ֮󣬻Ŵ󽱵ķȥӽ
Ԫò̫׵ֿʼˡ
һ㣬Ԫɫһ⣬һҪʹʧ֮ˡ
ɹʱͺ׼ʧܵʱһһ׼ѵƶɮѻ죿õĲ黵飿
ԪƵؿŹû˼Ҫͣ£ΪܿˣֶЩˣһβıȽԶһЩ
Ƶͣˣϵͳʾ
ȡĲ㣬ǷʹöĲܣ
Ѿҿϵͳת̣ͷɥĻԪ۾һ¾æȥ鿴Ʒ
Ȼϵͳתϣ䵽˷Ĳ档
ڵõˣ
Ԫ̲סӯһΪ˾ĽꡣԪ潫ĲĽƷȡһþݣȻĽԼʵܵӰ졣
һϵͳǿˣԼȡ˷Ĳ㣬εĻԲܴ
ϵͳĶĲʾԪԥһ¡
ĲˡôͿܵõ߲㣬ջҲС
ǻԪվסˣĲ̫ҪˣԲȥĲ

Ԫѡ˷ϵͳʾ𣺡ѡ˷ѡһ߼ѧΪĲĽѡ³齱Զ
Ļϲ׼ѡ񣬿µͷԪͻȻԥһ£ϵͳҿɲԿɹѡĶЩأ
ϵͳâ̻شԣв鿴
õϵͳ϶Ļش𣬻ԪûмȥѡƷȿԼѡʲô
һŵĸ߼ѧؼ˻Ԫǰ
Ԫһһȥ
澭ľֵϴ辭շħȦղϰ벿ղ°벿Ŷʱѡˡ
Ԫ߶˼䣬Щ⣬ǵĿ䵽һؼϵʱסˣǰûгֹأ


545 ѧ
Դϵͳ齱ʼڣԪѾʮϤϵͳѧˣʲôûȡģƵĲࡣ
ϾˣȡôΣÿ쿴ҲϤˡ
߼ѧһǻԪעĵһҪ㣬ʣĸ߼ѧ
ԭʹѡ澭ˣ˵ǹ۲һ»ʲôɹѡֻ߸ʽ㿴һ
û뵽Ȼĳ¶
ӡ
һ˫ʮָۣʮָǰƣָĳЩƣֵֻȽԶ
һӡԪ滺ر۾
ԭһ书Ǹ߼ѧ
ӡھ桰١ֵӡָ¾߲֮־Ĭ֮ġ
ԣǷҶеģҲоԣǺʼķͨõͨԡ
ڵ̾ָȶ²ݣֲ־ǵ
Ԫеĸ߼ѧ棬ʵþ
ѧûԪҪĻԪ޷ԼˣֻдʥϵͳĹ޲Լһ¡
ǳڣڵɾѧҲɽ˼˿Լԭ
û뵽Լٴοڵһžѧԡ
ѧ֮ǰĳ齱棬Ǵûгֹġ
ⲻԪһҪѡѧҪ˽ӡʲôãԱΪȷѡ
ǼĻôԪ滹ѡ澭ľԼһڹﵽڶ塣
Ԫ淭һӡ˵
ϵͳĽܼܺ򵥣ӡѧԵһʽӵС¾ȫһ
ѧԭǳѧ
Ԫһ¾͵ɴˣԼĳѧȻˣ
ԲгѧԲĸ֣ǲӵгѧģ
ԭᶨģһӾͱûˣԪ治֪ԼǲӦȥѡ澭ˡ
澭ҲǷǳҪģҲǱѡġǱϾֻǸ߼ѧķֳѧ
Ҫ֪ⲻӡһԷԽһ
Ԫ֪ͶǸ磬ûдﵽٰײʧȥǣǸ̶ȣڶٰҲûǸ¡
໨Ԫ滳ҲͬûСľ磬ֻķɵ̫󣬻ܷӳʵһ
Լȡd֡ҲһԲһȫѹ׼Բĸ֣ǻԪɱﵡ
ǶޱȺķҹҲܴﵽӡĳ̶ȡ
Ԫ˼ҵ˰죬ͷϵĺˣûö⡣
ֱϵͳʾ˵ڶΣ߻Ԫβѡϵͳѡ󣬻ԪʶԼѡˡ
ԪϵͳԣǲǶڸ߼ѧѡȡ
ϵͳش𣺡ֻвӡڸ߼ѧѡ񵽣Գȡѡ˲ӡ󣬾ӡӡҲȺ˳Բ֡
Ԫ׹ԼѡԵһʽôԺҲþԵʽ
վԵȺ˳򣬷ֱ١ߡԡСڡǰ
棬Ÿ֣֮ӦľŸӡֱΪӡӡʨӡʨӡ⸿ӡڸӡȭӡӡͱƿӡ
Ԫ֪Щ飬Ϊѡ
Ԫźؿ˾澭һۡ
澭ԳȡⲻӡȴǳȡģôžԼһҪõ
ѧ⼸ֶڻԪջʵ̫ˣȻⲻӡֻǾԵĵһʽĳѧԲŻڸ߼ѧ棬ϾǻԪϣԶԿԲֶΡ
ﵽ׼Բľ󣬻Ԫ֪ԼԲкܴĲ࣬һʱܹϵġ
ҪԲǰҪĻֶΣѧΨһѡ
ʹ㹻ˣûгѧԲԿҲûõġ
ԻԪѡŲӡ澭ľҪʱһ
ѡ֮ϵͳʾ𣺡³齱ǷȡƷ
ȡ
Ԫѡȡ֮ϵͳת̹âĽƷʧԪҪһγ齱ֻǵȵ·ˡ
º³齱֮䣬ûнյġ
ȳڻԪǰģǽ۵
Ԫ˻ݶѡȡ֮󣬲ż۵ӦǺܴģջҲˣֻǿǸ޴ĺӰԼǰ
Ȼڽ۵׼һʱ򣬻Ԫ滹Ǳˡ
ǲֻʲô̶ȵġ
۵֮󣬷һԽĵֻ޴ĳһȣצӣҡҡڰڵľԪ˹ͬһһҪԼĸĸȡ
ֻ۵ĸĸʵСĿСĿ
ԪֻɨһۣͷԼСһˣһ˫ղһģѩ涼һ磬ΧЩѩȻȵѩ棬Χ¶˴ƬĿյأɨѩɾ
һ˫Ŀ⣬ǳʮϵģĺС͵ķɻˡ
ֻɻͣҪ⡣
ʹ˻ԪУƽ۵ҲҪ⣬ԻԪ־Ϊתơ
צûԪ˵ëͺһŵĸֵ˽۵ıϣһ֪ǿķͽӥűϵ
һֻһ׶೤ֹһź⣬ԪԼͷֿܲܵ˵
ЩĿģĿģǽ۵һ˫ۡ
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546 ˳
ֽŷؿǰͻȻֵιһʱȻʧȥ˱һ侲֮ġ
ȻҲﵽڣоõԼԲǰĶ֣ȫһϣһ
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ֵһǣЩ½ĵѩɽڵʱ򣬲ûǰɽɽо
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ԸȺĵˣȻҪһЩİ취ԪҪ˽һ㶫

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һˣѾˣҲͲôԪˡ
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ԪҲ΢΢̧Ƥһ۶ӣƶɮǲǾúʧ
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ʱ򣬻ԪվЩ˵ȻλԶѩ壬ôƶɮղ촰˵˭ǸҴ˵⣬ǺΪУǺƶɮΪУҪƶɮһأûԣ
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ǻԪԼоЩʿҲоƺԵģѾһϳѾõľ֣Ǹųûַɡ
ڻԪвΧǧˣȻһʱ˸ǰһ˸ڿԪ滮ߣ


548 ߵ
ԪڵϻһߣȻؿǰʿ
ҪľЧһսܽΣԪ涼Ҫ
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Ԫͭӣ̧ͷǰʿôλԽƶɮ𣿡


549 ޵
Щ˿һóһͭӣһʱ仹治֪Ǵʲô
ѵҪòⲻʲôֵɡ
ǲлҪСһ㣬ղν֣ЩʵЩ˻Ԫˡ
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·ִĶֹŴʨӺ׵ر˺˲һĴɢ˷У
켫˱ǰ棬ͷϵصһˣͷвٱŵϴΪܵǿҵ˳޷պϣҪѿжѿ
ߵ˻ħ̵Ҳˣͬʱùģ־ڿУһҪ
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쾳˽Ųͣһ£ͨζ֮ǵӦɶܿ죬ҲýŲͣһ£һֿԪ淢ˣ¾վסˣܿҲЩ쾳ĺ󳾣Ѫ޷Ƶķֱɰ֮⣡
һΣ޷䵽ѩɽ֮ˣֱȥ
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ǼʹڣҲͽ͵ģֻǵʹѣǶһǾ޴˳ʹࡣ
ɫԽԽףָʼǿʼѪǵѾץסˡ
ͽ͵ļ˼֮ЩҲ޷ֿˣҽһ׷ɣǵЩͬһʨӺ˷ݡ
һγģİˣһʱ֮ϵˣѪʨӺΧڵģ޷ֵ޴ˣͺһɨһԿҶݿľͽİֱӹεɽ£
ֻʣ켫ĸˡ
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Ԫؿǰĸڣֻ֪ҪټһѾĸҲٶ˵ĺ󳾣Ϊѩ֮µ
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뵽Ԫ滺ؽͭӷ£ֹͣɽӵʨӺ
ѩ֮ϣʲôõƽһǰһƬأ˿տǿտֻĸ塢ҡҡ׹ĸ֣Ŀ͵ؿǰַɣ֪Ϊʲôˡ


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ҶٶʿΪѩ̫֮ӵϲȥԽӹһ٣Щ˴ؿŸղǲ˼һĻͷԻǻ粻壬ǱʨӺġ
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Ž·ȺԪҲʧȥ׷Ȥͭ߻¡
۵֮ѲӣԪĬĬԼڹ硣
죬֮ڣʲô˳أ
Ԫ֪ѩڲŸոտʼ


551 ѪӰ
ɽȻشƫԶϢݵٶȻǺܿģϾʿƼʲô鶼ס
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ħ̶ϣ켫˺ⶼǽϳõĸˣֶΣʿ
ʲôʱʼֵһȻΪֲأ
ӶˣЩƽĽʿѾûеǰѩѰ˵鷳ˡ
ԪʩչֶΣЧȥˣû˸鷳
ʱ򣬻Ԫһ˿ϣѾǵˣֻҪټһҹ˵ռҪнˣҲûء
ӵսľؿǰˣһС
Ϊڶ壬һֱĶӴûйָо
ǰ꣬ΪԼϣﵽµһĸ߶ȡ
꣬Ϸͻ䣬ͬð˳ڶ壬ѾǷⲻڡ
ǴһսʼӾʶ²һˣħ̵ħȺֽ綼ͻƳΪԲ
ⶼششĴµһ䡣ǰĬĬŵСУȻһԾΪĸ֣ȻԼӭսı¡
ѩԺ󣬶ӾԼȥ
ǰѩᱦǲˣûǸ¡
˺ҲˣѣڽѾˣӶˡ
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ԲԵԲ
ϵĿ־ϵģ۾ֵؿӣһ仰Ҳ˵
ӳ÷ǳĿ㣬ŰɫɳĮ֮Ҳκȵ˼ԹѾﵽ˺ֵĳ̶ˡ
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ҲǼ˵ˣȻ˵˼Ѿڶ壬ٽĻܾܿʹﵽԲˡ
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ѹͷǷݼЩѵĶ˵Ҫ
ɹֹЦݣʲôҪֻҪԹԵҵİţұ֤һܴﵽԲľ硣
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㲻֪Ϊ˽黹٣ٰ֪𣿡
һ£ٰ׵飬֪һЩģ֪Ĳϸ
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˵ĻӸǺˣԲҪҲա
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ǧһѪӰ񹦲ѪħеڣѪħǶԴĹ
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˵ĻӵļҪؿˡ
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Ŷɻ;ֵĿԼش˵ɹĥ͸ЦݣԶӵ㲻غ˼ˣҿɲǶǸ쵰
ϸ˿ȷʵǶûһͷ׷
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СҵĻǺãҿˡ
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ɫڲ֪ѾˣӾط֣ԼƺǺˣԶһƬĺ졣

˵ŵһͷŷǸϴŵĺ⣬վ
ǰǡ
ӵĻû˵꣬;ѾϲˣΪ˵ٴ߳һһģһˣ
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ոҪʲô
ڶ˶Ŷӿһ䣬һǱֿŶӣƺҲڵȴĻش


552 ħ
ɵˣôһģһأ
ѵһֵܣƭԼ
ڷ㶣ͻȻļһ£ղҪ˵ʲô
һͷŷֳһˣļʻ
㡭
ӵĻû˵꣬ٴ˵ˣȷ𣿡
һһϥߣĵؿա
ĸһģһˣ
ɵˣҪ˵˫̥Լпܣ̥Ҳû˵Ļİ̥ƺɣ
ûϣ𺳵ķˡ
һһ˳ˣվɻߣʲôĶУԽԽ࣬һ򣬾ȻѾ˶ʮˡ
ӸоҪЩˣѾʲô̥ܽ͵ˣ̫ˡ
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ոհȥߵͻȻΪ˰֤һ£ҪǳֶŻš
˵˳öһ¡
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ͻȻ̧֣һƴ˶ӵϣӴԭתһȦҵ³
ӿڵϵǰ֪ˣǾǼٵġ
飡
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еظֻܵѾӵӼæҲģֵܰɣ
ĻͱѣΧļʮ˶ӿ˹Ŷըһȭһšÿ˵ôǿǿ󵽶޷ֿһͽӴñס
Ѿͷˣÿ˶ģ죡ô¶
ŶǱӣһߵǰͷΣҵѪӰˣ
⡭ѪӰ񹦣
ѪӰǿѧʹߵĹߵͣԻÿǿս
˵˿ΧˣԶӵÿһˣ׼ԲʵҸη˵˵Һ˽֣Щ׼Բһӵϣ¶Է֣ҲᱻЩ׼ԲΧǶԷȴ֪һҵı壬޷ҽЧĴ书㲻µһ湦
룺ǶԷЩ׼Բȫɱأ
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˵ԺٴθһҩֻҪҵĹٽһ㣬Щ׼ԲͶܱԲǸ𣿡
Բɱģ
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ѪӰ񹦣ûƭԼ
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ԼѪӰ񹦵Ļͽʧȥ书ƺûʲôôɡ
ѵһ׳գ
ţŸղűŹûʹɻĿ⿴ǰˡ
׶ӵ˼һֻЩһģһ˺ܿ͵ʧˣΧɺҲʧˣûֹһ
һܺΪʲôҪѪӰ񹦴ڸ㣬Ҳܸ㣬ֻ㣬벻ﵽԲ벻ΪѪħĴˣӴ߳ƣЦ
˵Ļǿҵջ󣺡ֻҪѧѪӰ񹦣ؾͻᱻͨһ񶫷ٰɿܣﵽ쾳ԺͻʱŪڶĸΧһԲˣѵ𣿡
ӵغЩ٣ܸ˾ûдʲô⣬ǶԷĻʵŶӡ
ϰһӣܴﵽԲǼǳľˣ껹ûġ
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ѪӰ񹦣ΪһѪħ
ӴӴ˾ͲʿˣҪΪһħ
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ӵޱìܣޱͬʱжǰ˾ֹĵǡ
˲ϻش⣬ֻԸⲻԸΪµѪħƺֻҪӵͷ̾ͻὫѪӰ񹦴и
㲻ǸոѩԱ𣿲ǱǸµĺѵͲԺڽֻҪѧϰѪӰ񹦣µɱѩȥĻȥΧǸֺˣһɣڶΧԲ޷ֵǸʱ򣬲վ۷֮ϡ
ӵĶЩˣ˵Ļ̫ˡ
֪ǰ壬Ҳȥĳ嶯
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Ҹ̫ͻȻˣµͷӷԥϣܽŪһЩ
ƺЩʧȥģĶԶӵʿ̫Ըܾˣ¼˭ѪӰ񹦵ĴУԸ⣬ھͳ㣬ȻȥѰһ˾ˡ
˵ĻӼæǰǧҪƶҲֻһʣֻҪֻҪ书ѧ֮ǻѣôƶԸѪӰ񹦵ĴС
ʱ˵¶һ˿Ц⣺Ͷˣ˭ı˲Ҫء
˵Ժ˶ӵĶ棬ղײգȻˣôҾͰѪӰ񹦴ڸ㣬ǵãѧ֮ĵһ£ǻصѩ壬Ǹл˸ɵú䷿Ķͳͳ𣬽ĶˣӶ£ס𣿡
ӵ˵ͷʹ˲ôҲǴôġ
ҰɣѧѪӰ֮ԲһѪħˣպĽУصһʵġ
˼˵ŹƻĻ̧֣ŵ˶ӵͷƺ׼ҪʼѪӰ񹦴ڸˡ
ӻһ˿ǣ֪书Ǹǻ
˵ԶƮ
صģӽԺ㲻ǶˣħһѪħıȥ°ɣҪʹ
һħöӷѾ׼ȫѪӰˡ


553 ˫
Ԫ£Ž۵ߣѩΧѲš
Ѿǵ峿ˣ˵ռҲӽβˣһһҹֻҪȥǾʤ
ѩΧտյģһˣûԪϲ
˵Ҳδؾô׼ɣӣƺҲ·
̧ͷݶһۣԪ˵ǰȥˣʲôˡ
Ҳ¿һۣһ˿ŨŨĵǣϣ˰ɡ
ⶼҹȥˣЩӦûˣοʹˣƶɮҲܱǰȫ
ûнӻԪĻǼĹ
ԪҲٿڣĬĬʱ䡣
׹öһֱ˰û˳֡
֮ϷһĽ۵ҲЩˣϾûлģԪý۵ʱϢһ¡
ϾⶼˣӦòʱǰˣż͵һҲ޷ˡ
۵䣬ѩϢԪ㵽ҹʱա
ʱڣԪżѲѩɽ
һֱҹʱ֣˵ռҲؼʱֻ̣аҹʱ䣬ʱˡ
ԪʱҲҴ⣬׼ý۵գȴͻȻһ˿ĸо
һֱִԪΣʶǺǿģæתۣΧȥ
ûԪ͸оѩĽ⣬һһҵԼݺݵ˹
ǽںҹҫۣû壬Ԫ͸оַ񣬼ֱ޼᲻ݵĽ
һ˲䣬Ԫ֪˭ˡ
ݷֵܣ¾ŽϮ
ǻԪҲ̫ģԼѾˣݷǶǿҲڶ壬ӦòԼʲôв
ʩչǬŲƣԪԭʧһ³֮⣬ϮĽ⡣
ǽⲢûֹͣԪ㿪Ժݷ߸Ծһǧźֱ̻Ԫ·
һһƬӰͬˮкһ㣬Ԫ·
ǽ˵ܼ˸޴Ӷ
ԪʩչգԼҲܶܣȴôΪ˱˲ģܶôԶ
Ǵ˶˵ĽԪҲýֻӲӣֻٴʩչŲƣһ̧һǺƣֱеݷȥ
ڻԪĺƣݷ£æ豦һƬ꣬Ԫ
ֵԪͬʱҲƴĹΪݷȡʱ䡣
ȵݷأ̳ˣȡһ˿Ϣʱ䣬ݷٴι
˻ΪڻϢϢϵļ޷죬ƾԪİƺͺһʱҲκβǡ
ԽԽľû뵽еı¾Ȼߵ̶ȣҪ֪ϴݷͻԪ潻ֵʱ򣬻ԪԸݷһѶȻܴȴѾӶ˵ˡ
ŪϷôã໥һۣ¶˾ģԸԪҪóҵıˡ
Ѹٵһݷңػζٶ죬һۻҵĸо
ʱԪҲɫأ˶˵ֺųԲ֮޵У̫ˡ
ԼǰζԪ̧־Ǽָ˼ȥ
Ǻ鷢ָ䵽˿մ߲֮ûκá
ݷʱֳֳֽֽͻȻҵһڶ˵зûԪ澪鷢ˣǽϷǲûȫ뽣ǽõһ޵ӳ£ͬţھԪĵطͺݺݵն˹
ɳĽԪ治Ӳӣ΢΢һͷ˹ȥ
ոһ㣬˽ٴն˻ͺһĹӣԶԻԪչԶ̴
һʱԪЩǱ˵Ķ̫죬ԼʩչһδŲƣҲûȫѴ˽
߻Ԫ治̫ܶԶΪǷݣ˾ڷԼ㿪ͽ˱¶ݷ˵಻ԪıҲǲСˣȻڶԷĳǰ÷ǶܻⲻģһʱҲᱻǶ˻ܡ
ݷʱǴЦƵֵܣǶֻ֣ҲκǸУȻСĵػͷǾ͸һϲΣ
Ҳͷô죡
ԪѲݷ˸ı⣬Ѹǰ˼ҲʹýԪ棬ٴ˫һصһŷնȥ
϶Ϊһ˵𺳣һȥܽⷿݴмһ
ԪǴǶ⣬ǿΪ֪鲻ãһǲܶģ
ԪһֱûпϳֶΣΪоڰ֮ԼĴڣǹϢݷֵܶˡ
ݷȴڰ֮е
ڿˣݷǵһûԪûѡ
ӷ𣡸ƶɮͣ
ԪҲ˲ˣһţ˫ֺʮһԲġdֳ˻Ԫͷ
䣡
޴ӲĶסݷ翪ٵصһǿĵƺЩҡΡ
dְһЩݷɵĳҲȫˡ
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ݷ˿ǰĻԪ棬ĳȡ
СѾɳزЩֲ
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ԪһһָͷǸd֣ӿעǸdϣʱʢֱֱķɵݷ˵ͷصѹȥ
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һֻֿѡӲԪ濴صģǴ˶ֵĳһˡ
ȻԪ֮⣬ԻԪңңҹġd֣ݷ˸û˼ٴε˫ϲصһն˳ȥ
ԪǴһ˿Ц⣬ݷ˱£ΪԼĵˣҴ˶ϣԼõĶ


554 Ѫħͼ֮
޴Ľɫd˹ݷûܣѡһӲ
ʱѾʶԪҲյСˣǰģѾһʦ
ӭϡdֺ󣬷Ƶľ죬һ˿˿Ѻѩĵˡ
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ѾˣֵҲǵֵסˣҪܣֻ˶Ҫ
ݷһģƵֵܣܣɽĪұ𣡡
ҡҡͷûõģֻĪаӣûкܴļֵʹһΪУҲԲǳڸǱĿġ
ۿǡdּٴν٣ݷȲˣҲУҪֵسһ죬Ƕ֪ģһţһ³ͳֵġ
˼ٵĶԻԪЦЦʹس죬Ҳˡ
˵Ժǡd͵ȥ
˸ղŵĶԻһʱ䣬¶ûܵĻᣬ˸û붪һܣ빲ˡ
ǵֵ֮飬ԪҲܸжⲢԪ飬Ϊ˵ֵ֮飬Ͷ飬¡
dҵͷݷ໥һۣȻһЦٴһ
һѳգԪĽɫdڱɢʧ֮С
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ԪؿҲ΢΢ЩѪӿԸҲǺܳģû뵽Բһġdֶɢˡ
Ҳֵˣݷ˫ǵԼĽ¡
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ԪС´ţͷһ˵ķֻ˻ռѾǵ˷ǳؼʱˡ
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ݷ˵⣬ԪޱȵĹעˡ
ѪħͼǻԪһֱ׷ĶһҪݷǶˣʵҲвԭΪѪħͼ
Ҫ֪ԪѾŵѪħͼõǶϵģѾӵаˣܿͼϻʲôˡ
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Ȼ˵ѪħͼǾһЩҪԼɡ
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ΪʲôҪ
߳ƣݺὭ޵еʱ򣬾ȻôһúȥѰԼΪʲôҪ
ʲôöҲоµ𣿻ΪԭȾ׼˺·
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ݷԴ˺޸оǼѾˣԾͽѪħͼɣϣպлᣬýĲͼˡ
˲ΡΡͳѪħͼԪû̽ӣǶǵҪЩʲôãѵҪȥҵسɣ
ɣ㲻֪ĪаѾͻƳΪԲͶٰ׶ˣ⽭ϼǵĶˣʱĪаƺ׼ӭӲ˹ʥ̵ĽҪ֪ǲ˹ĵһ֣ҲԲľ磬ôʥ֮ھλԲʱʲô𣿡
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ݷ翴Ԫɫ֪ԼĻãæŵܶԸλԲˣֻѪħһ˶ѣȻҵȲ֪ںδȻѪħͼ϶ģӦҪȥ
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ҪõͼҪǸ˳ֵǰ档
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ѪħͼҲˣԪ׼ߡ
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ɨһϵͳʱ䣬ԪʶʱֻʮˣԼҲҪ
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һ󺰣öӵĽŲҲͣһ£ͷݷһۡ
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ԪΪԼԲĶ֣׼ԲԲ֮ž޴ĺ蹵ǰĶӿȥƺոսԲҲԲԼֿܵġ
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ڶ˵Ҳʲôʱ³ͻȻȻֻ΢ҲԸıܶණ
һʱ⧲ԪǴ󷨽ԭλ
ʱ򣬻ԪĺƵˣλӭǹɺ
ԪƵȻǺܴ󣬵ǹɺȴ°˾ʮȵĵ£
ɼӦ˼ֵĵ£ݺݵĺ˶Բؿڣ


557 һ
ԪĺǸ߼ѧǷǳƷ
ĺӽ¾ʮȣ¶ȾԲһ˿Գܵġ
ͨ˳ܲסӿԳܡ
Բǿڹ壬Ȼƺ䣬ҲڹͬԪ汾Ͳºһ
Щܶ˵ĺֻö΢鷳һЩѣܴɱˡ
ԪҲ֪һ㣬ǼΪһʱ䣬ܶһ붼á
һǺƣؿѸٵĽ˪ˣԪᣬĵĳ˫ƻ裬״һҪͶƴļơ
ؿڵĺöЩܣʱͻԪƴЩ˵
ˣ뿪˻Ԫʮ֮⡣
Ԫû׷ǲ׷㣬ո˶ӵһţҲ˲᲻صˣŶӺˣϽϢһ¡
ٶȺܿ죬ֻ˲ӾѾָ
һ˫ӥ۾ضŻԪ棬ӷЦһ䣬ıƶĿ࿴Ȼ˵Բ֣Բ֮µһˡ
Ԫ浥ǰӷ𣡵ǻȥƶɮĿ࿴ġ
ŻԪǵѪӵͬĴƶٷڶΣһΣֱȡ㿴ѪӰ񹦵
һ¶ˣоáȻԲǱ̫ˣھȻвԲƾɳȥһԼ
΢΢ҡһ£һͶһģһ˳ˡ
Ԫһ£Щû״
ţһӳˡѾӲվ
󣬵ĸһֱ˵ھŸԭĶӣѾʮˡ
תȦԪѾֱ治һĶˣֻ۾Щá
ϷôãôͻȻôһģһˣ
Ԫ𾪣ӵصһ䣬ʮУоŸǼٵģÿһöԸСˣ
ЩһͬڣԪҲֱ治ĸĶӡ
ʮӶˣ˷Ĺ
Ԫ滹ΪЩӰûʲôɵĵأһֻԪ֪ˡ
ÿһӶн׼Բʵٶ죬໥֮Ҳ޷ݡ
Ԫܿ˿ս֮С
ôӽ׼ԲĸΧѹǻԪܶסģʮӣѾ˺ü£ûԪѪϼˡۿҪֲסˡ
ʹĽԪڽһָһӵԴ
һԵصȥûѪɽҲûԽѣ巴ǺܿĻΪޡ
ûԪͷʹˣһǴŴţǱߵĶֱʮΧԪ档
ʱԪˣȥԼ֮ܿˣҪȥԷѪӰ񹦣Ψһİ취ǾҳԷڣȻòЩӰ
뵽Ԫһ⡣
ٴΰ£Ԫ³ѪҲץһᣬʩչһŲơ
ѾûʩչŲƵˣżʹһ»ǿԵġ
һǬŲƴս֮Ԫ˷֮¡
ٴγɱһȺӣԪ΢΢ر۾
ӣƶɮȥҵķɣ
ӱһȺ֮УΪܸܿɵԪˣû뵽ԷͻȻˣΧľɫãһ¾ͺ͸ղŲͬˡ
һڣӸоԼһ޴ĳǳ֮ڡ
һԺ֮ӿӿԼСʱ
ͯʱΧ˶棬ĸĸڽ̵ô㣬ôΰݡ
ʱѡУҵ˺С
ʱ书ڣ𷨾տڵִºС
֮е꣬˷ɣʼ𷨷־²ຣ
ʱ̣УڶΪޣֻ˼ӣհ
м䣬ƺ߹һ£ֻޱȵ
ʩչþԹ۵ĻԪ棬ǿЩѸʧˣֻһãȻվԭأƺ˻֮С
ԪоޱȾ޴ѹ
֮ǰΪ߼зþܹԻӣǽЩһӺԲͬȻȥ²ȱһֶ
Ԫ治֪ΪûоĶȻԲ磬վԲһЩֻǱ칻ˣ־ǷȱŻ˻Ԫص
ʹˣԪ滹Ǿ̫ˣΪҪ÷ﵽܶԻӵĵزҪԪķޱȾ޴άֵġ
֪ԼһֲסӾ̻ڻ״̬֮϶Ǽֲ˶õġ
˽ռֻвһˣԪ涼ֲס̳֡
ҪԲһԪΨһİ취ʩչӡ
һŬάŻþԪ˫Ѿϳ˲ӡơ
һ㣬þ֮ڣǲʹϵͳ书ӡҲǳȡģʩչǱߵĻþѾϢʧˡ
þʧͬʱӵ۾ָܿ
ʹԪά֣Ҳ޷ԻˣΪӱһʿôˣıԪԻ
ɱϾǱԻһ󣬶Ӹо˳裬һָջصͺ¿ĹϷȥʩչɣ
廯һѪ⣬ǰ֮лѸٵķѣһӰͷϷԾֱȥ
ԪѾϾ˼ӵķˣֻжһˣΪԷոշԻԪ۾
˫ۣʳָ˳Ԫ滺ؿڵӣһˣ
ŻԪĶͻȻһּȲĸо
ԷָȻöӸо˿־壡
ָһ¾ͿҪ
ϲо΢΢ĻζҪԷָָ
侪ֵ鷢ˣĻζûκãûлһԷָɵָԼ
·һǸкԼ֮䣬޿ܣ
ʱ򣬻ԪҲڿˣ٣
ͨԪָΪһڵ׵磬˺˺ڰҹĻ񶫷ĳ֣âҫۣ
궯ռƺŤš
ӵУֻԽԽ󣬿ƺʵܿԼؿϮ
Ԫ۾ֱֱעӶӣܿԷ۾еŵ⣬ǲӡĵӰ
ڣʱѾȫȡһգһǲܴܶӣôԪҲûһ˿һĵֿ
ʱͻȻ˵һУ
ԪһղŶǷһȥģѵʱ̣˵ռڱ


558 ռĽ
Ԫʹӡ֮󣬻ѾȫգֽŶ޿ƥеƺ뿪塣
һ˶ӵؿڣͬʱҲݶϣһС
֪˵ռûΪռ㣬ǹҹ
û뵽оȻܷһһǲ㣬ûжȥ
ӡܷڡ֮µȫһȫָٶȡ
ոսԲ绹ûȫȹ̵ˣûеһ˻ԪһһֽУ˾ͱһź֡
ͬԪ浱绪޼ܷʽһȫں֮Уͬ䣬֮ʧѩ֮¡
Ԫý۵ȥ٣վǲģԼߵҲֹۡ
ͶһսԪ˵ĲᣬѾʧȥжȥݶ֮ϵֻý۵񿴿ݶʲô顣
ղŶӵǸȥˣڶ֮ǸҲ֮ʧˣʱȴصݶ
۵չצӣ˴ӷץطŵ˻Ԫǰ
Ԫǿ壬ǰˡ
˵úأѾ˿Ԫ漱æӻͳ󻹵֮˵
󻹵ҩȷʵǿӲôΣ״̬˻ָһ㾫ǿ۾
Сɡ
ĿɢŻԪ棬˵϶ġ
ǰһ£󻹵Ȼġ
ûˡ
΢΢ҡͷϷ֪ӣǰڳɹռ⡭һԣܶҲˡ
ԪûдϣҲʶ˵ʱ򲻶ˣʱ򣬻Ǿ˵ꡣ
Ϸ򡭡й©̫࣬Ҫ⡭Ǵģ㲻ΪϷġ
˵һ䡣صشһѾɱ⣬ϷѾռ˽˾򣬵ǵĿ꣬ȴ֮ڡ޴ġ޴еתǣǶ֮ʳʳ飬Ѿ˺ܾˡǶ켣Ѿı䣬Բܸˡ
˵ĻԪ氵ü
֮Уþ޴еıǶеĹ켣ԭԪ治ǺףҲ⿪һЩɻ
Ƕ֮ǿԸıãûеĳЩԭһĸı䣬ջۣ㴦ʧ֮壬յ㴦Ͳ֮ǧ
˭أԪǳɻ
˼޴еתǶλǵĿ꣬һ³˵Ĳص㣬ϷҲһЩССüĿ
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˵ĲЩŹ֣ˮ֮£֮ϡ
ˮ֮£֮ϣ
Ԫˣһʲô߼ѵˮݲɣˮڻ棬𲻶
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һӵĽָǵɽѩ֮ڣĻѪħеص֮Уٰĵطҵġ
ָͼһŻ汻ѹˮ棬ʱԪҲûк⣬ǽһ˵Ļ̾;⡣
սָӣˮͻһˡ
Ҳ֤ʲôԪһͷˮæ˵ǰ˵øӾһ𣿡
˵ϢѾˣԻԪΣգ㲻ˣҪֹǸ˵ĳҪһЩ־ͬϵ˸һ𣬶Կⳡ˼ƽ١
֮ڣѾڶԿǵص·ˡ
˵Ĳ䣬ԪԺһӰģ֣
ֻҪһأôܳ꣬ǲܹһأһ֮ضмǡ
ǰʾҾҪô
һпϵһпõʵѾ㹻ǿʱȥһʱֵɣҪ֪ش𰸡
˵ЩǻعⷵյѾĴͷһƫֶȥ
һŲߣԼˣȴû˵ļ
˵Ҳûѡ
ԪʱҲЩˣȴϵָһЩ֮󣬲ᡣ
һƪľģԪʱĵϣܳǰ硣
ˣҲˣʱֹȥһ졣
ʱ򣬻Ԫܾ˼·ˡ
õһЩϢڻԪǰм顣
ǲݾ޴еıǶй켣ˣǻԪ޷Կġ
Ѿ˵ˣǸıǶеˣĿǽһ˷ųǸڵλãˮ֮С
Ѿɱ⣬Ҳ˵Ǹ˵ĳҲɱ⡣
˵˳ǼΪµһ飬ԻԪҪȫֹķ
ͬҲ˺ǶԿԪ뵽ˣ໨
ǴĿǰֻǲ²⣬ԪҲȥ໨Ϊ໨֮䣬ⲻɵ͵ìܣҲŻԪ顣
оʱֵ¡
ȻԪ治֪ʱֵǸ˿ԪҲܲ²࣬ʱֵӦڡ
ڵʵһֱɽ¶ˮǻԪܸоڵʵǼΪµģʱֵҲڵĻ
ҪȥڵǰᣬԼҪ㹻ʵ
Ԫʵ
˱ʵ֮⣬оֵʵ
˵õóֵʵǺܶ࣬Լ֮⣬ҲԼļͽܻɿһá
ǻԪԴ˺ģֻҪһ޺ʮ޺󶼲ֵʵ̨ף˶ԿԲʵֶΡ
赲ַչвģħ̣
Īа
˵ĪаѾԲԪϢ֪ҪĪаԲһҪȥ˹ʥ֮ҲһԲ
ټ϶ٰԲܣħѾԲˣΣڣֵסħֵ̣һжǿ̸
Բ֮ĪаһǻֵģԪһ˲䣬̷֣ŲãӦԼΣ
ǻԪڻô飬飬ܻȥ
һѰҶ磬໨ѾŵλãѰˮԴؾͿˡ
һ飬ǻԪ滹ҪǰɳɽһˣﻹԼ˲֮ףڵȴȥշ
շ֮󣬿϶һ׼Բսֵİܴ󣬻ԪһҪȥ
Ѿ£Ԫ沢㽫˵ĶߣһУ˫˵ĵӲźá
̳ʦ²ɡ
뵽ѾȫָĻԪվٻ۵Լǰ
һԾԪ˽۵ı
۵һδԼˣҲһУ˫һģʮ׵ĳգҡֱϣ֮ͻһСڵʧʡ


559 Ȫ
ɳɽλɳ޶ԲرĴɳɽ£ɳ޺޵˿·λúҪ
ɳɽĳԴɽɳ˻ʱᷢУǳ档
˵ԭһˮݷޣһλҹо͵Ϯɱ֮ʣͻɳȫɳУɳɽ
˵ڸɳɽɳǵɱ֮
ɳɽĽ£ȪɳɽСɳĮһȪ֮ơһȪӻأ䡣ȪɳУɺݽߣ紵ɳ䣬εΪۡ
ɽˮĵطȻǱˣҪЩɳĮᡣ
ռɳɽĴǻԪ
ԴӼ˻Ԫ֮Լأɳɽ֮Ϳʼ˼Ѿܶûгȥˡ
Ϊһ˲ٲƸǾǲҵûְҵ£Ѿ˺ܶ˵Ĳ
ģûˣ
һͷĿݺݵĽţƤӵһߣѾˡ
ۿⶼˣֵһĶ췢ˣ˿·ðЩˣһɵ۵ؿţֱҪ˼
ͷĿıԹµļ㿴ңҿ㣬һ⺷꺺վͷĿ磬ȥаֵǶǮء
֪ѵҾͲ𣿿Ǵʲô취
ͷĿţһɣǳ˵š
磬ҿгҵе˼⼸ⶼˣѾǸֱɱţѪġ
µĻСͷĿҲͷ˵ûı̫ˣЩֵڲ˵˼
磬ȻǸһɲȥˣҿǲ硭
ͷĿһۣ˿ΧļˣǱȽϿɿˣЦһ£ôЩҲϵˣ
ǸЩ˼صңѾ˺ܶˣֵܶˣ˭ԸɳɽӦûһˡ
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ļʱЦǿóͷĿӡ
磬ˣֵ֮䶼֪ҲõϢ˰ɣǵ˽ҪϮӪǵʱҪӦϣЩһɵӴԺɳһϴǵһˡ
ǸͷĿתƺ˼µĿԡ
¼Ȱ磬㻹֪ɣǰǿǸģ书ﵽڶ壬Ҿ˵ıǸ߲֧֣һҪͳһƬɳĮģǸ߲һʲôƬȪˣҪÿ¡
ͷĿӣģʲôô¾ҪǵȪȥҪɽأ
磬ԣ԰
ͷĿԹ䣬Ҳ˼
岻ʺϵˣȷʵǵҸӵʱˡ
ʱ˵ҲùûҾȪƺҲʲô⣬ȪˮȻñ̹ǣߵȪ߶̲ס£ЩҲֻڰ±Ƚϸߵʱ򣬲ŻȥȪȡˮȡ
ǰĻȪϴ裬붼ҪˣǸͲʵ
ܶ˻ȪֹˣΪкܶ˵ȪżȻᴫŮ˵ĿȪ濴һŮ˵ӰӣҲ֪Ǽ١
Ȫˣǿ϶ġ
ȻҪģ̬ȣһÿ㵻ģҪеļƣҲ֪ϴǱߣǸиʲôԻ
ҹǰǽӪʵʱҲԼһȷѡ

ľɫɿڽӹԪ濴ɳҲõˡ
ϵĸоð
нӥʱ򲻾ΣһʧȥˣԪŸоµ鷳ˣÿɳĮ棬ûԪû
ȻҲȷʵǺܵ顣
˽۵ʵûԪһƽȣøȫ۵ĺ󱳺ܴٴؼȫ⡣
뿪ɽѩ֮󣬲ʱԪ»صɳĮش
һ·֮󣬻Ԫѡǰɳ޵
ΪǸ˵õصɳɽɳޱȽϽ
ɳĮȷʵȽϴ󣬵ǷôȣԭȣɳĮСģ۵ٶȣùҲò죬ɳĮУоɳĮҲôˡ
һʱɳѾԶ
ǻԪĿɳɽý۵ҪѰǵӪء
ɳӪĵط϶εĵطԽ۵ҵҲôףɳ޸Ѱ˽ӽһʱԪŷӪڵء
ң·ɳĮ֮еһȪԪЩĪΡ
Ȼ໨ԼͶսص¥ǸǶϾ߻Ԫ棬˵صӦˮУԪ濴ȪȻͱܵȥ룬᲻Ȫأ
ȻԪ涼ҪȥС
Ҫʹ۵䣬ԪͻȻ֣ھӪԶĵطԼʮ֮⣬Ȼİ˾ۼһεɳ֮С
һЩ˵װԪ֪ǵݡ
Щ˿ȥ֮ǰЩûʲôӦҲɳĮˣֻǵװҪǾࡣ
ͳһնͲñͳһĹЩװͨĵӵеģԪڻɣЩǲĳһҵľӼðˡ
ͣھӪĵص㸽ȻҪЩǵ顣
ǻԪ沢ûвֵĴ㣬Ҳ뿴ĳ澿ı֣Ͼǰ˲֮ףδֺ֮һԼҲһЩ顣
۵ңԶʰ裬ƾ賬ǿĿ۲ЩˣЩ˵У۵񲻹Ʋ֮ϵһСڵ㣬û˻ȥעġ
ԻԪҲı˷֣ɴʱ֮ͣϣƾ۵ڽ۵ı˯һ
һ˯ʱֱҹ٣ԪŴ˯Ϊ۵ѾЩ˶ˡ
ȻЩ˵ĿǱǵӪصȥġ
ںڰڻ£Ԫĸ߶Ƚ˺ܶ࣬ڼʮ׵Ŀ۲һǵӪء
һԪ΢΢ü
Ϊ⡣
µЩˣƺЩ쳣۵ĿԶҽǶȺܸߣһЩƽ˿עⲻ飬Ԫ涼ܿһ۲һͷֺܶ¹ƺҪЩʲô顣
Ԫ΢΢һ˼ˣԭҪӦϵı
ԼĻʱ֪Σˡ
뵽ԪʵĸһЩԲһҪֵеġ
룬ԪȥȪΪ֣ЩӪƺȪľ벢Ǻܽ
羰ĵطϿƫƫôԶȥɳӣѵЩˮ¥̨ȵµص𣿡
ԪúЦ䵽Ȫߡ
˫ŸոأԪ;һɱĺȪӿ


560 ˫԰
䵽Ȫ֮󣬻Ԫظоҹ֮еȪһɭ䡣
ɳĮ֮УȻҹ¶ȱȽϵһЩҲ䵽̶ȡ
Щֵؿ˿°ȪˮԪ΢ȪˮʲôŹְɣ
뵽ԪʩչȪ֮пһȦûط֣ΨһЩرģǷȪˮнļҲ֪ǳʲôԭ
Ԫ治Ȫˮ᲻ֻĶڲڣûзֶ磬ҲͶȪˮʧȥȤ
ȻȪˮûзʲôǻԪܿ췢Ȥ顣
ڽ۵Ŀ̽£Ԫ淢ǽĵ֮УͷˣȻҲԼڿѰҵˡ
һˣԼʮ߰ӣʺϰ˲֮а޵ѡ
һʮҵĴ󺺣ȴǰ˲֮¥޵ѡ
ջ񣬻Ԫ汾Ϊҵͺܺˣû뵽Ȼ˰޺¥ޡ
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شֺ󡣻ԪҲ˲һЩɻ䣬ҹĻٵǰܿӪص񴦡
ΪȺ˵죬ȻӦסģԪֻʮͣ£ʩչ۲鿴
һ֮£ȻԼϣӪ֮ڡһòˡԼѰҵİ˲֮
ˣ˫֮սԪͲӲˣĸһˡⶼδֵĶ
ȻԪҲûȥֹЩ˵սҪշĸˣԪҪһʵĻᡣ

սڴˡҹɫһܿռƣһӦǣսһʼͳֳһߵļơ
Ԫٴε˽۵ļڴʵϿգһֱ۲
ǵʵǿżһ־˲ˣЩ˵սսʤ
ʤӦ޺¥սܾ
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ĸڶսڻԪ濴ûʲôͷƾǴȥûмʱ·ֲʤӮ
һԪҲЩһֱȥ
ѾΪƽأԪֱӾȥ䵽սĵش
Ԫս˫һ¶˿
忴Ԫ֮Ŀ¶ϲصʦ㣡
˵ͼеĶߵֵܣҾĴʦԭһʦ
ҲһˣʮͣĿ΢΢Щ䣬ŻԪҲǷǳľȡ
ǱߵİضŻԪ棬Ȼȥ㲻һȱӣȴԼǿѹȸС
֣ĸ֣
ǰк̨ģڻԪĳҲоʮֵģǳвУǴ𣿡
Ԫ΢ЦһӷƶɮֻǲԸǵսನ˺ˣԴǻսص㡣
ص㣿ô
Ǹ¥ʵģĸ˶ôʣ׻Ԫ˵ûصʲô˼
¼򵥣һû˴ŵĵطȻսƶɮǡ
˵Ժ󣬻ԪӰƺЩģĸǰľɫҲˡ
ԭɳ𶼲ˣȡ֮һۼĻ԰
˵ǻ԰Ҳ׼ȷһ޼ʵݵأǰԶֵͦһݵ롣
֮УǷĻꡣ
Щ겻֪ӺζۺɫĻһһеڿз裬һξĸо
ʲôط
𾪵ؿĻ꣬𾪵ؿһ޼ʵݵأԶЩģΪֻܿҡ
ԪʹûþԻһҲãˡ
ǰĸо˵Уǿҵͷȥ£һ·ͻ㣬һжǿҵĺԼ
ߵҲظܲ࣬ǰ˯һһ˼顣
ʱ򣬻ԪͻȻ
ƶɮ˫԰˫֤̣ĸжٶԹ𣬽վһ˰ɣԲǵġ
֪ƺ֮дĸ˶Щˡ
ѰһͻȻ֣֪ʲôʱ򣬻ԪѾ¡
ô죬ƺΧĻþΪһ壬о˵Э
Ӧûκ˾ʲôףﶼеĸо
ǻԪ˫԰һмþԪ滹ǵһʹ
ĸ˵սԪ治ƫһϾպֵĹǸǽƫˣպͻʲôõЧ˼һ£Ԫȡַʽ
˫԰Ƿ̵֤ĵطǼδİ˲ѡǵзԣзģôطӦǽ֮ѵص㡣
ʵҲˣ˫԰þһǼɫЩãˣϵ֮ҲЩˡ
壬ȫû֮ġ
һλԪþĽ̵Ѿ˺ܶ飬ڵ
ǻԪɳɽ޲̾Ͷǰ°ʦˡ
Ԫٴγ֣ҴĵطĳȣоҪʵһ㡣
˲Ԫ˫ȥ
£˫ֺʮԪϹȻĬĬ˻ԪĶ档
Ҳ֪ԼΪʲôҪҪʲôֻþӦӦ
ľٶԪ΢΢ص˵ͷ
ǰ˲֮ףķǺܸߵģպԼĵ֮УĳɾҲ
ؿڶˡ
ˣ
شһ˵۾ʱԪĽ̻塣
ĶƺҲЩдŲ֪Ҳ˫ǰ
Ԫ̧ͷһۣЩο
˲֮⣬ҪˣҲǸѵõ˲ţһԪպܽԲ
ľٶð޺¥ˡ
֮ıȽأһҲû˶˼վԶԥţ֪ǼɱǰĺǸµĺȥ


561 һ
˫԰þ֮ڣ޺¥Ѿ֪Ǻˡ
޵ֽǣ¥޽ģҲһ˫ֵܡ
Ҳֵܣ˫ֵܣɳĮеٮٮߣѾˡ
ʵǿһЩģҵ˿ɽʵѾһĲΪһս
ǼȻܱϵͳѡΪ޺¥޵ѡǵзԡзԵӹɵġ
ڷ֤˫֮£е˿ѾѣʹоǰȴҲûʲô֮ġ
ǵķԱϾǲˣû߹ȥԥվԭأ۹עճĺУζӳ¡
ڵЩԽܣΪʲôһ׽ĸоأΪʲôͻȻֵֵطǸоУ
˫԰γֵģȴûж룬ֵĺܺһ
޺¥޵ı֣ԪҲ΢΢ͷȻзԵĵӣҪ֪ƽնǵˣ¿϶ûģȱ֣Ѿܲˡ
ҪշӰѾǲеġ
þ֮УԪףԿƻþڵһûþþ֮ںϣþеĶŪþ
һΧľɫٶȱá
˫԰ڣԶȴһЩгĶ
󡣹ӰأԪһþ֮ڵʼ˫԰Զ
˵ע˹ȥȻϰ֮ˣǳμȹȣҲҡ¶־֮ɫ
ϾûĶƾ˭һοҲ⺦¡
Ԫ˫Ŀ΢գʼ˰ľ
ŻԪоЩצĹ֣ȻʼɢһƵʧ
ʧ˵¶֮ɫ
޺¥޶ǽŲ֪ѾƶһЩ˫ĸΪǿֻеߣǰȫĵص㡣
һĹֳ֣Ԫ˿ﲻͣо
ֵ̫һ㣬һ¶ֲȵİ޶˲òٴοѾߡ
Щ£ΪǸокЩסˣղŻֻǴ˷ֹڣ֮вͣй֣ҾԽԽ͡ƺҪ˼˵ͷˡ
ʱоվŲһð취ˣƺܶĿһЩ
֮£޺¥޶ѡڵϣͬһ
ΧĹԽԽܼҲðƨɻȥģʱ˼
ʱԪֹͣоǶ˵ס񣬲ΪţЩǵħֻҪǵľˣȻʧˡ
һǣȵĺܣںЩһ
Ҳ˻ԪĻҲǳںǵʱ֮ģǱ۾ٹۿΧľ
һоٴ𣬻ʱĺУȻЩģĹȻǾһЩ
طʵ̫ʵһжô棬ҲʧȥұжϵԼİΣ˻ԪС
ָͣǵ˼Щˡ
ԪԽ׼ԲʵмþԸʵûʲôѶȣο⼸˻зԣܰȵĴԪҲʼصڣΧһиӵȻǵĸӵİ
Щƺо֮ȥˣΧҲʧ
ȡ֮һȺȺķŮʼ֣У˻㱵۾
Ļþ˱仯ֻ߻˫԰ԶѾǻԪзڼзԵǸӾ޴Ի󣬼˽ڷ֮ʧˡ
Ҳǹһ꣬Ҳֻǹһ˲䣬⼸˾һδϵһӡ
ǵܾʣǵȥʱȴûиоԼ塣
ΪԼˣʱ򣬺ϰûĻԪٶ𣺡ǿģʵ𣿡
Ѿʧڻþ֮Уѱ٣˺ܳʱȥ˼Ԫ˭ȵŸͷʾĶʵġ
Ƕ˭ʲô
¥޵һشһҴҵľĹң˴ƬأԺõľƣȢܶţĶС
ôģ
սɳˣĺܲңû֪һҳΪ
ҵŵ𣿡
ҡҲ֪
Ԫ˵ͷ԰޵˭
һˣ׬˺ܶǮиɵйĲƸ˶ҡ
ôأ
ҵǮƱˣҲˣǱң󱻴ģΪӵ̫ĲƸ
ҵŵ𣿡
ҡûС
Ԫٴأ
һũճϢһû߳ɽҲ֪ʲôģ֣ұˡ
Ԫ˵ͷûмǶأ
һһӸ˿ҽҵòˣȴûܾȵҡ
Ƕûҵŵ塣
Ԫ˵һ䣬Ȼٴζǵȥ֮Ϊת֪ǰ£Ҳ֪ǿ𣿡
˳ŻԪָǰһ֮ԶڶŲЦ
˶һ£Ƕ֪ǲ߹ȥǻǹȥǱӣǴǰ
ֻأ޿ΥΥһʲôĶУǻǵϱɳĮ𣡡
ŻԪһȣãˡ
ڻþ֮йһӣѾɳĮ˵飬ʱ򱻻Ԫ浱ͷȣȻ
ȴ֪һ棬һǼˡ
ӵһǸоͷۡ
߹ӣһʹĿʼǻȥ𣿡
˷׷ҡͷĲ뾭̫ˣֻҵĸо뷢衣
ǿ֪𣿡
Ԫһؿǰļˡ
㿴ңҿ㣬ȹԻԪԸţϴǰʦȫ
ʦȫ
ͷǡҲѧĹ˻Ԫǰϣѧϰ𷨣ϴȥгһǰ硣
ǰˣԪҲһ󼤶
οǾ޴ջһҵ˰˲ڵĸˣֻҪҵǬţԼİ˲Ϳˡ
ĸʵǿڶʵԼඥ֮󣬶Ǻڶ塣
ٸǹඥһѧԪţĸ׼ԲгһսԲҲǲܵġ
ĸˣڽɵеҲǰһЩ˰ɣ


562 ټ໨
ĸ˹ඥ˳ʱ֣ĸѾΪڶĳ֡
Ԫû̸ǹඥ书ΪɹԼѡ书࣬ҪԺǵصһȷ
ĸ˱ԪඥԺ󣬶ҪڻԪߣǻԪܾĸ顣
֮󣬻ԪҪȥѰҶ磬۵ĺȻ󣬵ǴҲ̫һЩԪǾ͵ؽɢɳĮˣȻ̶ǰ֣ȴԼȥ
뿪֮ǰԪͼ˶̸˺þá
Ӽ˵̸УԪõһЩҪϢ
⼸˶ܾˣ˽ıȽ϶࣬ǿǺͿĶˣ֪һЩҪ顣
Ϯǣǵıֵ֧ģǾǸ߲Ĺʦ
ǿǲ֪ʦʲôֻ֪һˣĺſ㣬ɲ⡣
֪߲ǹʦܶ飬ʣҸ߲ܶطǽֹ˽ģ˵һصĵط
Ԫˣȥ߲飬ȥ֮ͿʼѰҶ硣
˽۵Ϊų̣ɳĮҲڹһʱԪ¥ǸѰˮԴء
¥޲˻Ԫע⡣
޲һСĺԪѰҶҲףۼܣķʱ֮Ȼһ񣬻Ԫ治໨Ļ
ΪɳĮеˮԴֻô໨Ļǿĵط
ûҵûҵԪûа취ֻ۷ޣϣټ໨̸̸顣
ոջصޣԪͷ쳣
޳Ѿˣֹ˳룬ǻԪ۵ҲЩֱӷɵ仨̳ȴ仨̸ǽ䱸ɭϣΧĽѾûˣĹٱפأ仨Χ
Զ໨
ԪЩţ໨ĶѾԼˣԶ໨ԿѵͲ໨һ
Ӹ߿䣬Ԫֱȥ໨СԺӡ
֮󣬻ԪոأͿ໨Ժӵķſˡ
һ˴ӷ߳ŭ֮ɫԪһȻʶˣԶµĵһس
Ԫ֮һ£¶һ˿ЦУȻˣһΣǵĩտҪˡ
Ԫ濴Ž֣ڵʩγԣ
ߣװͿˣȻǲϺôͱֱĺˣͺ໨һԶͬԧɡ
˵꽭ͦͦӣôҽĳǾ;ɣȰǣĳ˾ûŻȥ
ԪɫһʲôԭΪŰȷʵɶ񣬾ȻԼǰ˽а壬ǲһɫΪԼء
̧־һƿָ˽ѨԪȻʩηǾȺƶɮһ£ƶɮŪ࣬δ㡣
˵Ԫ໨ķ䡣
ղ໨òȻһɫȹ欵̬ǣֻü֮һ˿ǣбڴߣ﷢㶣ƺ淢
Ԫüͷһ壬໨ǳ飬϶СˣҲ֪ԶƾʲôԸ໨
Ԫ˽໨Żعȵصôˣ
˵֮䣬໨Ϸһ˿죬е˱ȻȻ뵽˻ԪԼⶾ顣
Щ˼ԪҲˣҹ֮ڣ໨ŤȻʱڻԪǰصǺԼйܽӴŮˣĽӴ̶ȣѾ˰á
ºȻʱ򣬻ԪΣ໨Ķ棬ԼѰҶδ˵һ¡
໨Ҳһ㶣û¥ȥʲôطأ
һ£Ƿʲô©ģ
ûʲô©ѽҺͶ罻սĵطȷʵ¥ǵĸ֮󶫷ʦˣҲûȥ׷϶ģһҷǳ϶
Ƿ֪ǽս£
໨룺֪ҲֻԲͨۿ̽սʤʦҲףǷ˿̽Ҳ
Ԫ꣬Ѿȷ໨ս϶Ǳ̽ˣ໨뿪֮󣬶ҵ˵ص㣬ǵصܾܿ޲ڻԪϵ֮ǰѾȥˡ
ǻԪ治֪ʲôȥҲ֪񶫷ľһʱȻ֪֡
ֻö໨֮УǷԲ
໨˵ͷôһ˵Ѿ֪˭ˣҲʦ䵽Ǹ˵
ǲڿԡ
໨ִ˻ԪĻڲȥȥҲǶ֡
Ԫû֪ԼԲĲ࣬ټһ£ԼͲˣֻǶӲ֪Լӡ֮Ѿȫûսžߵġ
ο໨ֱӸԼǶֵģǿ϶һԲ
ǻԪҲģԼӦ֪ʲôطԼʵ֮Ҳǰȥȡ
ûϸʣ໨ͻȻ˻ԪǰˮעŻԪ仨̰ˣȥ֡
Ԫһ㶣ȻڿԶҪĶ仨ˣǻԪ治Ϊ໨Զ
˵Щ𣿡
໨ҡҡͷԻԪԺԶޣҪ֣ϵɽħ̣Ҳ֪ôŪģĪаԶһļϣĪаǣѾޡ
ԪʱȻѹ໨˵ǣԭĪаˡ
Īаһ𣿡
ǣǵһˣҲĪаͶٰޣҺѾһ
ĪаǽˣΣ
ĪаԪҲ֪ϾµС
ĪаѾԲĸ꽣Ͷֵٰ֣ܵǶˣǼɵҵķɵѾ
Ԫа໨ĪаͶٰ׵֣ϻܺǶԿ
󣿡
ҷɵв£ǵõȫ˵ĻᣬĪаѾŻˣҪ仨֪ģҵķɵԻɱһԲҪɱԲҪȫľһ֮ϣһвʵ塣Ҷٰ׺ηĪаٰ׵ĻôҾΣˡ
ԪͷȷʵˣٰĪаĿܣֻҪĪаöٰףöٰ͹໨ƾ軯Ѫħǿ໨ֻж÷ɵܶԸ
һ໨ķɵùˣҲûʲôսˣʱԼգĪаӮˡ
ֻǻԪĪа׵öٰԲĴ֣ҲҪ໨ء


563 뱧
ȻԷԲΪʲô뿪
໨ҡҡͷһ뿪ף仨ڻмҲģ䡢èè⼸ҴСģ׽¡
ʱ򣬻Ԫ֪½ĬһҲ仨̵ˣɽѩ֮ڼĻ䣬Ҳ仨̵ˡ
èè໨СŮˣҲɳĮġ
Ԫ΢΢̾ϢһǼ໨˾Ҫˡ
ѵĪаöٰףҲҪԸ㲻ɣ
໨΢΢ͷΪֻжԸңĪа˳ĽѾɵĹ̡
Ԫһʲộ
໨ؿ˻Ԫһۣһ޴Ḷ́ƾĹȫ֮Ҳ˰ɵòģڻû׿ΨһãǶԿһ̡
ǡڲȫĸ㣬֪̫࣬㲢ûʲôô
໨˵ԪҲûϸʣﲢ໨Ϊһ֪
ʱ򣬻ԪѾȷǸĶԿˣ໨ˡ
ΪѾԼһпϵˣǸѾڶԿˡ
̻ͨеתʵֵģ໨ϵĵʥĸҪΪͨԶݣ޴еǸеԿ
鵽ʱ򡣻ԪѾ໨ȫµʶ
Ȳ˵Ͷ˽˶Թô£ƾΪȣһŮ֮ĬĬĶԿǻˣһֵûԪ塣
뵽Ԫڿһ⣺ǸеǲǻҪһЩҪĶҪڽУ
໨˻ԪһۣͻȻһЦݣܴ˵һ㶼ûöħȥڽĶҪġֻλˣҵеתֻܿϧ鱻;ƻˣ֪㵢˶𣿡
Ԫ΢΢ЩգǱԳȥһҪħ١
໨΢΢ҡͷ˵ʲôûˣҲҿûлȻҲ䵽ĪаţȻɶΪ˼ˡ
ٴ˵Īа໨ͻȻ¶˺⣺Īаˣڡʦµʱȥúӣû뵽Ȼ˲ֶεСˣΪİҵŮҪˣǸһУ
ʲôŮ˵𣿡
Ԫ˵֡໨̲ס˻Ԫһۣ˶һУҲ⣬ʦò㻹ȥ˼
ԪЩգǴ»ȥ⣬ֻõʾʲô飿
ߣĪаΪԲȻϾ˸Ů֮飬ɽѾ쵽˰ɣȥȥˡ
Īаϳˣ
Ԫ漸ţ֪ĪаĸŮģû뵽ȻزȥͶԼ
ŻԪЩżӣ໨ҧҧ촽̲סڻԪŤһѡ
Ԫоʹɻؿ໨
УǸͬвͬͬǶ飬ı㣬ɸŮˣһŵ㻹ȱأ
ʹСŮ̬Ԫһʱ仹Щܲˡ
֪໨˵ø˭໨ԴԼ̬ȣЩ֡
ԼƻڵĽףȻҲûɱԼһʼûԪо⡣
ǻԪЩܻĳЩĻ⣬Լϵծ٣ѾǲŮˡ
໨֮ܽӴ˲֪ǻԪúܣֻз֮еܾٶ໨֪ⶾľ˵׼ҪԼ𣬻߸ɴɵԼҲ˵
ȻΪ˽ⶾҪǻԪԼϵ̲סᰵ
ֻв⣬໨ȻĪаͶٰͺ㽻ˣΪʲôҪ˵Ŷ仨أѵǲ֪ҹζࣿѵǹһҹͲþķɵ𣿡
֪ԸңƾĪа߶ٰһǲģǶ˶ԸҵĻ˾ûܶԿҶˣڵȴȴǸܶԿҶ˵ܼǵʧ˺
ܶԿҶˣʲôˣ
ԪЩ벻ȻܶԿҶ׼Բˡ
໨ʱ̲סٴŤ˻Ԫһѣ㻹ʣǰҽ𡣡
ҽã˵ú㣡Ӵ
໨Ҳ֪ĻڻԪһ£ҪǻԪһͭƤǣ类˺ˡ
ãеĻȣжʦãлǷ
˵ﻰǶƶɮ֪ˣһ
ߣһ㻹öҪ𵽵ס
໨Ļ˵һ룬ͻȻַһ˿죬ҲоԼƺЩˣ˵Щڲԡ
˵ˣԪ滹Ҫʣú㰲Ȼ书ҲܲǻԶԿҶɣ
㻹˵ʲô֪Ȼ˼ҵͰ˾澭ϵ书ڵó׼ԲĲˣ֣ܺԲԿҶ¼ֶãһδ֪ء
Ԫٴˣ̫ˣǽõ书Ȼ̶ȣȻﵽ׼Բˣ
ѹֻСʹþ׹צԭľ澭ڰõС
ľ澭ǵʵ׼ԲûʲôϡģǻԪ֣ƾʲôǻĪаԸ໨أ
ƺúĪа֮䣬ûʲôĽɡ
ΪԼĹϵҽúħ֮䣬гһЩɡ
Ԫɻ໨΢΢̾Ϣһ飬ǾԲȥĪаģΪ˶Ըңʲô鶼óġ
ΪΣ
໨΢΢ҡͷû˵ԭ򣬶ǶԻԪĪаٰףİ㶼ҪԸˣʱҪԴ㻹ᰴ˵ģҴ֣ΪҵһС𣿡
Ԫ죬ȷʵǷǳͷ۵һ£ԭǶ໨гֶһá
Ȼ֪ǵĳ޴Ӻζ𣬵ǻԪ֪òȡֵˣɺĪа֣ҲҪԸ໨ɼ֮һвɵ͵ìܣͬһ
Ԫԥ໨Цһ㲻˵ˣѾ֪ˡ
˵Ż໨ͻȻٴεĿ˻Ԫһ㣬۲һߡ
໨ؿŻԪ۾촽һɵֻһ£䡢èè;˴ߣȥƽɣ޹ģûбҪ仨̹
໨󣬻Ԫ޷ܾһ̣ȴоԼĲƽ
ѵ໨
ſڣԪ淢ԼɤͻȻЩɳƣһܵؿڣ໨أ
ҡ໨¶һ˿Ȼ㱧һ£𣿡


564 һ
໨ĻԪסˣû뵽໨˵Ļ
Ԫû໨ЦݸȻ۽ЩӨʼ𣬶ԻԪ˼ҪĳˣҾ͸ɣΪʲôúͰҪԸңΪǵĸףǵҵΪһ㣬Ǻˣǵĳޣǲɵڵģ
㡭
Ԫһʱ䲻֪˵ˣܶ൱˽飬һͻȻȻʡ
ֲõλʱ½ĬǰûǰҺ໨
ԪһΪ໨ǰõʥĸأǾһʱĽӴоȴǡ
Ҳ໨˽ⶾ֮󣬻ԪǿһЩÿĶޱȵȷ໨Բǰõĸס
ϣû˱ԼˣΪԪ濴Ķ֤֤ɽݵ
ҹ֮󣬻ԪŪˣ໨ǰõĸףôΪʲôûҪأ
ûԻԪ˵Ϊôġ
ŪüĿˣԭ໨˰õĸף࣬ΣŲò໨
ΪһŮ϶˼ĸ׵ġ԰ö໨ĺ޿϶ᣬ˵ɽҲΪ
Ԫ¶ģԶáԼ֮һҪҸģһԼŮˡﶼôҸ
ƻҸ˾ǰ໨
вŮŮˣҲ໨
۴ķ˵Ԫ涼Ӧ໨ĵˣӦðͰã໨
һΰܺĪаԸ໨ɼľ֮
Ͱϰ澭ڴɣ˵Ҳ໨Ĵ̼Ԫʧ
ǻԪ໨ʱȴо޷֡
ɤҲЩɳˣԽߵļˡԪյصǡԭô档
˰ɡһ񼫵ŮˣýúǣҲǣΪһЩ£Ƕĺ֪㲻ӦھΪǱ𣿡
໨˵Ż۽ǵˮڻ˫ֽСǰԻԪ㶯ְɣ˽ʱգҲûĪаǶԿˣṆֻ̀һŮˣûǸˣͽȥɣأɱҰɣҲỹֵġ

Ҫ
໨ЩͻȻŻԪһô֣ͰԺ󶼻ӣ㻹ֵʲô
ɱ˲ô׵ģ϶Ļ㲻Ҫˣʲôԣ˵𣿡
ԪȻᣬǳ죬׳嶯ˣǺܿƵ໨
ʲôĻǶһЩˣ֪ʱµĴ£ҶԲ𶫷ʦãҲԲ𰲼ҽãͺˣҺ𣿺ھֲԶʦõ˺ֲ԰ҽõ˺һžΪṆֹ̀Ǹ˵ıˣ鶼ʧˣһŻʲô˼Īаǵأ
໨Խ˵ԽЩͻȻһ˫ȭһµĴ˻Ԫؿڡ
ɲͨСŮ໨ĳȭǹעġ
Ȼ΢СҲóȭǱϾԲһµûͬǧ޴ĻԪؿѪǷ̣̲סҪѪˡ
ǻԪ滹վûжǸɱ໨һڵġ
໨
Ԫڸı˳ƺǿ໨Сȭͷվ֪п࣬Ǻܶ飬ǲŪ࣬ǲóȻ¾ģΪðʧĽǻںޣÿһֵصģ㣬֪ĲϾҡ
㲻һ
໨Ѿ棬ȭͷûֹͣ߿ޱߴﻹߵֻ㲻һˣ㲻֪Ϊʲô㲻֪ԴӼ㣬ҲϻԵһ˵ҲҴһıϣƫƫ㣬ôŮӣгĽ벻ģ㻹ɱҰɣҾûʹˡ
໨˵ԪɻȻᶯˣֻ໨ȭͷʵǺ˵ƺǳҪԼŭȻԼɱһ
ؿѪһѪ̲ס˳
໨Ԫ汻ԼѪˣҧס촽ѪҲ˳ȭͷûֹͣ޺޵صﲻ֣㶯֣㲻ңҾʹ㣡
ССġСȭͷǲͣ䵽ԪؿڣһȭعһȭԪܹо໨û飬
ȥУԼҪ໨ģԪ濴ǰļˣܲסˡ
ӷļֲסˣ
ԪҲɴһҧ໨㲻ұҾͱ
ɴһ˫ۣԪһѽ໨޹ǵĽĻ˻Լܵһ𣬽һ˫СҲסŹԼĻᡣ
ԪĸӸߣ໨ͷ˼ϣֽŶˡ
ԪȻԼˣȴûжɱԼ˼ѾЩʧص໨ǲϰݣŭصҪңҪôɱңҪôɱ㣡
ԪҲϷ֣Լƾʮһʩչʹ໨ԲҲԼĻ
ǾԲֵģ໨𣡽㲻ҰҾԶɿҺΰѽҧң
߻ԪĻû˵꣬Ǳ໨ͻȻ¿ˣСһţݺݵһҧ˻Ԫǰ
ʧˣ¿ڵܴǶ˻Ԫؿڵļ档
ȻԪҲǿ׳һ㵶ǹ޷˺໨ԲһȥҲǹעġ
žһ໨Ҳܸҧһ
Ԫоʹ޵ĲУ໨ôôһѵûκĶ
ȻԪʱҲ룬ֻҪԼ֣໨ԲᷴģҲһԲˡ
໨Լĺãûл˵ãԪ治֪ΪʲôȴʵظܵǷݺá
Ū£Ԫƾ໨ȥ
Լͷ໨ײιȥǿŵߵĽգԪҲǲȥײ
ؿڱҧʵʹԪҲܲܣֻö໨໨ٸҧңҾͶ㲻ˣ
໨˻ԪĻСԴȻ˼£Ԫؿҧĸۡ
ˣϣҲȲѵģ
ǰĽԪҲһЩ
ԼŽڣԪһ
ͻȻĵͷԼĹͷӲ໨Դۿ໨ҪſڶԼҧԪҲ̲סˣ͵صͷһԼ죬ס໨۵С


565 鶯
ԪԴ磬ûʲôŮľٶΨһһΣǵںӵףΪ˾סԷ촽Ȼ
һϸ˵㲻ǣֻΪ˾˶ʹ¶ѡ
׼ȷ˵Ǿһ˹
һβһˡ
Ԫȫ໨촽Ժ໨ͬ׻صزһ¡
໨ҵŬİѻԪ棬ŬӶԷĻǼϢǡ
ǻԪò¶ģòƷô׵ѡ
˫ͬһıס໨Ľ촽ܵĹζСԲĻᡣ
໨ǵͷԷΣԪ˫ôԲ߷˼ޣ޷˫ֱۡ
ֱ۾ͽס壬໨оȱо޷
һ̣Ǹ߳ƵԲӵ޵еķɵһѵŮˣһŮˡ
ֻںţԪҲͬš
һ̣ԪڷãϢӲĽס໨һᣬƾεŬҲ޷Լ
κεսԶٶţûаͣϢʲôָ˿ջκεĻֵָסǿ
˵Ľ˲һʱ
ԪѾĹˣѾΪһ΢Сţȫ𲻵ˡ
ƾԼƾǿ໨Բ
໨ڻԪ֮ûҲĹˡ
ԪˮƽѾԲ̫ˣ໨һŮӣϾʹƣھһʱϵģҲǵˡ
Ԫ滹ǿ໨Ϣ
ʧȥ֮໨ҲͬһͨŮ˰ˣû˵ֿԪֱ۵
̱˻ԪĻһʱ촽ûܹ
໨ˣֲסˣʧȥĶάҲ侲ûԪſԼ
ǿſС໨˵һĵĻ
ǻԪûʶһ㣬ֻǸо໨ǸоԷԺ໨ҧԼҲ֪ǱܷӦΪԪһ½ͷ̽໨С֮ڡ
䣡
໨ֻоԺһǵһйĸоֻͷĿѣԷͷƺħԼĿǻ֮ڽš
ֱۺ໨޷κһƶƾԷͷԼŰ
ģոѵʶٴλԡ

ĪаŮһĽãǹһ˿Ц
ûϲأ澭ɣɾ׼Բ֮ǽ˫ӣ֮ͨʱԲϲɺѽ
ɫ糣ĪаĻ⣬ֻǵص澭ǽöɣͿԴˣûʲôɹϲġ
ǲ˵֮Ըвģֵŵӣ˵ԸһЩͱһʱһҲǰͷ
Ŷ£ѵѹƹɣ
ĻĪаƺҲʣĸȤʵ
ĪܵЩ˰ɣǽýǰΪ໨ͳĸ׶ѣûشĪ⡣
ҽúħ̵ĹϵãǵƾǶʵ޷Ը໨˴Ҳѡħ̺
Īаһ¶ЦݣǽõТ˳ñúܣҲ֪໨öԸķɵǰҪ˵ġ
ǲ£ȻҪĸף໨ķɵ֮£ҲĸԸġ
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ĪаƣܺãǽõĴ֧֣Ҳ¶ˣ໨ķɵ̫ҺͶٰףǣ໨ͷ۽ҲǲˡȻ˵Ļ飬Ͷɱ仨̣ǼȮ
΢΢ҡͷǵ񣬾ǸԸ໨仨̺ҵĺõһŮӣǲɱ޹ġ
úãȻĻҲǿǣЩϺзȻʰǾͷĴ󵨵ĶԸ໨ˣٰ׺һ֣Ըѹ໨ϲȥ
Īаã컹Ϊ鷳ģ໨ķɵʼĪаͷʯ໨Ĵʦ㣬֪ԷɵʹԲҲûаȥԿ໨ľһ
öٰȥһǿԣĪаҲЩ᲻öٰ֡
ĹԲĴ֣֮¿Ҳֻһˣ򲻵ѣĪа᲻á
ڣ˹ʥ̵ĽѾɽħ̣ǸϼһҲһԲĪа֮Ĺϵ໥á
ĪаƵģΪжٰ׵Ĵڡ
һʧȥٰףĪаƾ͵Ȼ޴ˣΪǲ˹ʥ̵ĽԲѾöˣʵҪĪаġ
仨һ»󲻵ãĪаҲǳҪ໨ֲ־ܣĪаǳͷۡ
ǰҽõصĪа鷳
ҽҲˣͨ׼Բ֣ȫܶԿһͨԲˡ
໨Ľս򲢲Ǻó԰ҽ֣ܸ໨š
Ƕ÷ɵȻ໨ܰҽá
һ໨ķɵùˣôĪаĻˡ
ȻҽҲɵӣǵҪǣĪа߶ٰһˣһԸ໨໨ķɵǵвҲҪСһЩ
ĪаĴ㣬໨ͬţ֪໨һЩСϰߡ
֪໨ɵ֮ǰһЩϰ߶
Ǻ໨ݣôʹ֪໨ҪɵҲû취ܵģ˰ҽǣĪаа໨ɵ֮ǰöٰȫˡ
԰ҽõ໥ƺֶûõģսʱǶעҪҪΪĪаԸ໨ڻҡ
ʱͻȻ˽һħ£̼Īаߣղ˵֮һֻ޴䵽仨ȥˡ
һ˵СܾϢֵɣûбܻ䰲Ͱá
δ䣬Īаǰҽãɫһ䡣
ΪǶ֪еĴζʲô
ͰöһۣЩɫأѵ˲ɣΪλ
øǼվҪȥ仨̿ΪλȫŮӵĽ֮С
ĪаɫѾ֪ݷƵû뵽оȻˣ㲻Ҫµġ
Ҳ˲۲õĽɣĪаſۣ仨̵ķɨȥ


566 ҪĻش
ԲҲõģʹõĶһλԲ
ΪԲĸоͱ̫࣬˶ʹ۵ʱһܹģҲʹöԷ޷鿴Լ
һɻ䣬Բײȥ
ĪаҲȥֵ̽һУΪ֪̽ҲδʲôЧ޶˵˿ˣ˵һֻ仨̣͵ˣԪҲҪ֮һˣħҪĵ໨仨̣ΪǰѷɵĪаò໨ΪͷŴС
Īаһֱڵµĸ߷չĪавȻֵ֪ľΣϴζٰ׵ʧѾĪаΪҪĵ֮С
οлŮҲĪаͷһʹ
ҿõɫĪаǵɰŮ꣬ϾŮǸԵĶⰲսʱ򿴵Ԫ棬ͶĻͷԼһ
ҪǲǻԪȥ໨
ʩչֻж̶̵һ˲䡣
Ϊһ໨ѾĪаĿֹ̽Īаļۿ
Ǿôһ˲ĪаѾһЩ
¶һ˿ЦƺҪİõȰ㣬ǲҪȥĺá
Ī˻
ϵԪ棬ȻסĪа˵Ȼ֡
֪Ҳֺһһ㣬Ǻпȥˣ⿴һЩÿĶʱֻ°ܲס
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ĪаһĺУ㻹Ȼ໨ˣҪ֮죡
ĪаĻõɫЩֻ֪Щʲô
֪ԪǸʲô˵ġ
ʲôҲãҲãΪԼϲˣԲҪԼҲһƬĵġ
زͰǲ޹ϵģԼһٵı̬ҲǸ¶Саɡ
ԼǵһŮˡ
㣬Ҳǲùùһ˶ǵģˡ
Īа˵໨ⰲŵˣ໨ԼĳˣҪȥأ
¶Ů˳Դ׵ı飬Īаͷһϲ԰õвֵãȻĳһҿ㻹ǿ쵶ն飬һϰɣѵҪһТŮ𣿡
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ƺЩҡĪаǳȴص˽ʱգһ˽ʱˣĸ׵ȴȥѾܾˣΨһĻᡣ
ûͷ˿סõ֣ãѡ񡣡
ÿ˺ܾãҧҧ촽Īаص˵ͷĪģһֵǷֱ֪ģͳ˰ɣ
ȻûиȷİĪаΪѾõҪش𰸡
ûǸŮܿԼϲͶ˵Ļ޶ԵġҲŮˣһƯǵŮˣԽˣԽںЩ£ڰѾǸ˰ɡ
ãޣʱ򷴶ʹɱ֡
뿪˷䣬ĪаҪȥԶĵĻʵۣһ޵ĵ͡
ߵſڣٰ׸һͷѩ׵ĳϢĪаࡣ
ͰҲǵĺ棬֮䶼ûм˵ͻıʣƺЩǴֲ

໨͵ֱӣһ˿̿֡
ԪҲֱӣؿ໨ѾǵĴꡣ
໨ЩȥԪ棬ζӡ
Լ̫įѵ޵е໨ҲҪһůĻ
ɷϵһ㣬ǻԪϣȥϣ
ֻһ֧ţǵ˴ʱֶǰߴӰˡƫƫһУҺԼ֮ž޴ĺ蹵һеһУ໨о˼飬찲ŵԵ
ԭеӰѾǰȡƺȡôס
ŵĿ̽оˣںںǰ˵ظܡ
͵͵̧ͷһۣ໨ȴԪһƬ˿ûζһ˿οûο鰮
໨ͻȻЩʹסԼ촽ûǸǳΣԣҵ˸ԼֻûƿԼĬĬԼοԼˡ
໨ЩģȻ仨ʱˣ뽫Ūˮʯ
Ԫ桭
໨ɫ죬ϾһŮˣǵһ;˵ںǲܵģһ̵һߵСŮҲû̫
Ԫ̧شһԼ촽ҲЩס
ôƽ
ϾҲӼһĳǣ˵ʼΪֹ໨ҧˣǺǶʱȷʵҲЩƲסĸо
໨һŮˣȻӦǱԼ󣬵ǻԪͲΪǸ⡣
໨ʮ꣬ҵһʮˣǸ˻
໨˵ԼͣҲǸ˻Ϊ໨һŮɡ
ٹʮ꣬ĶʮѾһĺˣ໨ò绨Ůģ˻໨
Ԫں͵ĻҲͲкͰá֮ĸˡ
ȻҲ໨ĵһΣҲǻԪϲĵһΣۻֵ򾲣Ҳôƽġ
໨ʣԪЦһµ໨һ顣
£
໨شֻȽԼѹĵף֪УȻ뵽ûԪ˵˵ˣԼ˵
ѵ໨ȻһĸǱ
໨뵽⣬˲ȻЩɬ
Ԫ治֪໨仯໨ϣܷ˰ҽõĸףʲôŭѵô껹ܻ𣿡
ԪĻ໨һµ˵ûǺܺǵĸ׵ģѾûȥˣʱˡ
Ԫ汾׼һ˵ȥȰ໨û뵽໨ȻˬشӦˣ˵ʲôζˡ
໨һ£ԻԪҪȻشҵһ⣬Ҳžǲǽų
ʲôȻϵ𣿡
໨˵ͷΪҪԼһȥȥɡ
໨ᰲɫԪͻȻʶΪʲôҪˡ
Լش𣬽̶ܴϾδµ


567 ɳƷ,Ʒ
Լµ໨ҪʲôˣԪ˵ͷ໨ʰɡ
໨˫ֽ½ǣЩŵصԪ棬㡭ϲ𣿡
һ̣ݺµһѷɵ𽭺໨ֻһΨֵò˵ĻģòֿСŮ
˫󺣰ӣԪ΢΢ҡҡͷϲ
໨һ𣬼Ҫϡ
ŻԪ˵Ļ⻰˵ľ飬ոǵҸĻشˡ
ԭһжԼǸһе໨
ԳЦЦ໨ˮ۾תȴǿû
ȻϲԼԼҲͬСŮһǰ¶̬ˮ
໨ǿˮ԰׵ӣԪЩص໨ﲻʹ죬ÿ޾Ϳްɡ
໨ǣһѵЦݣлʦˣ໨СŮˣûˣҵᣬڶǰѾˡ
໨ӲװǿӣԪﰵЦϻɫҿδأ໨ҲŮˡŮ˶ϰߣÿ޾Ϳޡ
ܡǲ޵ġ
ǽأ
Ԫ滹ǲĵļѯʣ໨ﲻһңʹ˲ںԼظ
ˣʲôҪҶӦ㡣
໨ǿҧ촽ͲԼ̲סǼˮٴĴԼﱾͻҰһЩưˡ
Ǻá㣬ŲŰҽõ
ԪĻͬһ໨ʱǵĹȻǱˡ
Ϲһ㺮˪໨ǵȻǷҪģ໨ԵӡұҲˣȻǽɱң˰ɡ
ԪɫãҲԶˡ
໨ɫ˲԰ޱȣûһ˿ѪɫԪ棺㡭úݵġ
ԪɫҲòҪ˵ָĲࡣδƶɮĶ֣ҪҶ֡
һ໨ͷоԼѾûκˡ
ĪаǱȥԶˣҲò˶þͻ仨̣Լƫƫڵ˶
µĽֻһǺ̹
ѵԼҪ
ˡ໨ǰĺϾԼΪ֮Ĺˡ
ʱһ汳ģ໨Ѿûκε壬ΪԼѾˣʲô鶼ûˡ
ޱؿŻԪ棬໨صҪ֣ͳڰɣ໨Щ˵
ԪҲ΢΢ͷȻ룬ƶɮͳȫ㡣
Ļ໨Ľһ޵Ԩȥ΢΢ı۾ɣĴȱʹһЩ
һ̣ӵϢ໨оԼٴαӵĻУոշֱûõĴѵˮ䵽ԼĴϡ
ϲִãȻԼ۾໨ؿԪ棺ǡ
ôˣҶˣⲻǱ𣿡
Ԫգգۣһ޹ص
ΪλҪ㲻ǲϲ𣿡
ǲϲ㣬Ϊϲķʽ̫࣬ϲĶҲ̫࣬һܣϲСϲôҲֻǵϲѣ໨㣬Ѿܵһϲˡ
㡭˼ǣ
໨žϲĴӵղŵ˲ɢļЩŵؿŻԪ棬ǰһǲΣԪĴʵ̫̼ˡ
Ԫĵؽ໨Ķߣ˵һ֡
һ룬໨һֱڿѹֵˮ̲ס£Ҳ޷֣ڻԪĻޡ
޵һͿ໨ԪҲ΢΢̾ϢһܶʱĶȤζǻ֣ѵŪ໨һгɾ͸е
Լһڡ
ھǣ뽫໨Ϊպ鵽ʱ̣໨һɻȱս
˸ԼģһпϵӦٵ٣Ҫ㹻ǿС
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໨ķɵҲϴóģΪ飬ԪҲҪס໨
ûκεĶ໨õģֻǿֿģƽ໨е˿ڡ
һУΪ˵Ļ
δأ
Ԫ֪ԼĽڲôվסţ໨Ҳȷʵ˸顣
ԼܽӴŮˣԼ˳ǵŮˣԪҲ޷ģȻ黹ǺǻԪҲ᲻á
㣬һԶ㡣
໨ʤʱ໨ȴ̲סٴ̧Сȭͷؿڡ
ҴûмôˣȻĶ˼ңĵˣ
Ԫŵļæץס໨Сȭͷ໨ǧҪˣȭͷ̫ˣѵ㻹ղ𣿡
ԪĻղŵһ鶯໨ߺͷڻԪĻﲻ˵ˡ
໨͸оԼסδҸһеļ趼ʲôˡ
ʱ򣬻Ԫ໨ߵ໨Ǹղſ˵ģˣôҪӦκҪ󡣲ڵġ
Ԫ˵¶໨Ҳ̧ͷĨ۽ǵˮһͼƻõƭᣬϵˣðɣ˵ʲô£ʲôҶӦ㡣
Ԫʱ˵׼õĻ໨㲻Ҫ˰ҽõĸףҪպúúͶദţûнⲻĳԹδҸǿȡġ
໨ûԥصͷȻϣ໨ҲǲµСӣȻ֪ôⶼġ
Ǻãһ£һĪаϮǲѡӱܣµЩ𲻵ʲôôֻҪúõӦԣδؾͻ䣬һΣҪĪаһѵ
໨ͷȻĪа֣Ҳô׵ģߣǲûһսֻ֮ҽҪҶ֣Ҹô죿
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໨˵Ԫһϧ໨кӵǱ󷽣ҶΪ˿ǣԼǺУŮҲҪץĵġ
ס໨֣Ԫ໨صģֻҪÿԲǶ䣬һʶˣȷѡ񡣡
ԪĻ໨ԥһ£ǻ˻ԪĻȻôģôҲͺðˣֻǽûԭҡ
ĺˣҿеŮˣûһģɳƷƷ
Ԫ治ŵĻ໨̲סЦϵۻûɡ
ΪЦ໨ԪҲϲãңңؿ棬ﰵ뵽ĪаĪаҪһģվƶɮȸһΣ㻹ǲҪ̫äĿֹ۵ĺã


568 ɵ
޳ѾˣֹͨյĽҳҲʵֶΡ
Ҽһ뿪Լľ͢Ҫˡ
Ҷ֪仨̱ѴˣĵĻʵԶҪ仨̶ˡ
̶ֻ͢ûж೤ʱ䣬Ҳûʲô飬£СϰջǲҪĺá
һӶӵľڽֵѲߣȷû仨̵˳ӡ
Ƹߵ㣬ؼ㣬Σյ㣬ŴڸѹǵЩӽӳ˻ɱ
ԶѾ仨ӳˣҪڣֻɱˡ
仨Ҳȷʵ˳ӡ
ںܶ˵һôǿҲǿĹһңһԶĿŵĶ仨̳֣仨̵ĩˡ
һЩڵ˺޹ؽҪˣ׷ͼ뿪
ЩصҲǳصģڸأĹֻ֣Ҫر뿪ˣһ
Ŀǰ仨ۼƳӵѾﵽһ壬ȴûһܹ뿪޴İΧȦֻвʮ˿Ʋ仨֮ڡ
Щϣ
Զڴ־ı֮ʻ˹
־ɢԶӰ˳ſڡ
һĹۡ˫ֱԶ˳Щ׷¹ʩꡣ
˰ʾԶ仨̴ŴһۣȻ
ĪаͶٰ׳һҽóһʱҲԶߡ
ҪﵽˣԶǺĪа˿һȻſʼѯµˡ
ڵôˣ
£仨Ļ̻̣ǵĵ飬һнİˡۼƳһʮˣҷɱһʮˣڽڴԼжʮڡ
ţܺãǧܴ⡣仨ڶǽˣЩ˶йģΪǵپԴ⣬Щ书ǿˣЩ˲仨̵ĻʯһܷŹ
װģķԸ˼䣬Զʵ໨
ûС
ʱԶĿ䵽ĪаϣĪ㿴Ӧ
ĪаھԶĹǣûĪаںԶҲҶ仨֣Ը໨ָĪаءôȻҲҪĪаİš
Īа˿仨̵ĴţЦһ⻹ʲô˵ãʼ仨̾ǣǼȻһѹͨܶԸĸֳ֣Ȼǳ֡
˰úͰһۣĪа֮ڣ໨֮⣬ֵķһ䡣һ䲻ǷģˣбԳֽá໨ûг֮ǰǵ񣬾ǶԸҶ߿ľȣûɡ
ҽõͷľȻҲȴûŵҽõҲҶ뻹ܴһ鷳Ҳ޹ؽҪ
֮ĪаַһߵļڸҪͶԸ仨ڵˡ
ȵһж׵ĪаתԶ£ں󷽸ѹ󣬵ȴʤϢɡ
ףĪλ
Զ˵һ䣬ֵĪҺ˵飬ÿǲǡ
Īаÿһ壬ɫ£Ȼһ֮Щ黹ǲҪĺã໨εȻ˴ΰˣҲ䵽裬㻹ǳǷɫģñ㣬պʲôõ顣
ԶͷϵĺˣĪаЩµģħ̽ƢɲƽͣҲԼʵ۷һëˣֻûԼĺùӳԡ
˲ͷĺˮԶµľڣʼ仨̣ͳͳĪն
ĽˣҲĪаԹܣȻӵľٴҪ񣬾仨̵ĸ֡
Զ´Ⱥӵľź仨̳ȥ
仨̵ĴŴѾһЩֶΣǷǺܼ̣ҲǺܣû뵽Ȼһ֮ڣ
̴ŵʱ仨̵Ҳʼ˵ֿ
໨Ůӣ仨ڵҲŮӾӶ࣬Щ˹һȺɫһȺŮӷ׷ֳֳӭ˫Ѹٵɱһš
˫ոһӴʹȺȺصȥЩŮӵĽƣȷʵһֵܵġ
һĹַż
һ󣬵һľȥˣҲʮŮӵѪ֮С
ǵڶγ棬仨ʣʮӳڴǰɵڶߡ
ֿͽ͵ģЩʹڸڸ൱ֳ֮˵ڶߣĴͷ£ɱ仨̵ĴԺ֮ڡ
˴Ժڸ仨˿ʼ͹ٱչ˼ҵⲫս
Īа˫ֱ߸ŶٰףŰҽãһԺ롣
Χս޹أЩǲ۵սֵǳ֣ڵȴֵóֵĿꡣ
ǰһһŮĪаǵע
һкһã˵Χ£ʮڸֺϰٵľ»ʮʬ塣
˵Ĵۣȴûˣɼ˶˵ս֮ǿ
ǿľȡ
Īаһۣ˰ҽãλǿľкˣ֮ʹȺի֮ڶľ֣ǵĶ˰ɡ
ҽöһۣ֪ĪаǶǲģһսͬҲһ顣
Ƕ˵˵ͷľҲǽϳֻʲ㣬һֱڶ壬ȴѾǽõĶˡ
˵ããϰɡ
Ҳͷȡ˱ıͰһԾսš
ҽóˣЩڸֺ;׷£˵ս˿ռ䡣
ľҲʶҽãֻǵӡҽõĹƺǻҪԲһ㣬Ҳû̫¶ĸ˽ˡ
һֲ֪ƯѾͷѾˣȻ׼Բʵҹ죬ɱĿľȺܿ·硣
ڤצǰҽõ书澭֮⹦Ѿﵽһߵĳ̶ȣóһԲҶ֮¡
Īа΢΢صͷľҲ仨̵ĸ߲ˣǵ֮ʱˡ
Ϊ仨̽Ҫ໨Ҷˣû뵽ͻȻǰʬ棬һͻȻԾﳤһƬâֱĪа
ʽ
Īа׵ϳ˶ԷĳУⲻǶ¾Ž
ĻɽУʬ棬Īа߽͵Ϯ
Īаһǿϧʹõ̫ˣһ
˵ԺĪаһָ׼еĽ
ʱԶͻȻһɱ
һ⣬쳤磬һȫֱ֮Īаʺ


569 
仨֮ڣ÷ɵģһҲˡ
໨Ʒɵ⣬ͽҲʹ÷ɵ
˻ԪҲʶڳʱֵģһ½Ĭһ㣬໨״ӡ
½ĬķɵĲҲﵽڣڳʱ򱻻Ԫܣڹ˺ܴӰ졣
໨ŮˣǺϲ½ĬͽܣΪ½Ĭеġ
ڶĪаʹóɵģ½Ĭ
ĪаѾԲҺЩֶΣһڶ壬޷γв
½ĬһڵķɵѾܴܴɱˡ
ǰʩչ¾Žķɵһˣһɱ֣֮ڶ壬Ҳ㲻ֺֹ֮ɱ
ʹ׼ԲҲȫˡ
Īао˶Էһɱˣüͷ΢΢һ壺С޶ȻЩֶΡ
ҲЩֶΰˣĪаԲвĪаûжΪֵ֪ġ
ٰĪаĿܣĪаİΣΪһΣоһвյ˫۶ʱˣ
ѪɫӣɢŨɷٰۣͷ׷޷裬˲ͳϳһ²סеĶ¾ŽͺϮķɵ
䣡
ɳƵɤԱߵٰ˵ʲôֻǼеĽͺķɵ˫˫أ
Īа΢΢ǣмص֮飬ҲŹ⻪Ǹɵ
ԴӽԲ֮ĪаѾ飬ɱ󱲣ûκεѹ
ʩչǿһк½ĬѾȫûκεĵֿڶٰ׵ǰԷİ׷ƹƶı¶ûУ˲ͱ˴ӡ
׷жƮƺһֱʱ򣬾ǽʬʱ
ʱ仨̵ĺ棬һֻ޴˺üˡ
ĪаһۿһãԷҪܣ
˲öٰߵĪа˫һϣĸ꽣ӽ֮еֱеĴȥ
˻ûӦǻսеİҽȴʱʧɫ
⡭ѵǡ֮
ĿԲŵؿĪаֱǰһĻ
Բľͻƣͽﵽľ硣
ľҲԲԲǿ棬˵˵ǱʵȵжԲѾʱ䣬ʱûǾǳˡ
һַһǸʱԲķӸȫƿظǴﵽһ˼ĵزͨԦγ
Ȼ˵ֻǡһ֣ﵽ߾ܽṦϰܷУƼĳˡ
ֻǴ˵ѣ֪١
ģﵽ֮ݱǶɫˡ
ĪаոսԲûжʱ䣬ôܹʹأ
ҽúôҲ׼Բĸ֣Բ黹֪һЩģڳ棬Ϊȡ
ۿĪаıնֱеĽ۵ȥ
ڵϵǼˣһǻԪ棬⻹еڴѩڼĻ䣬ڳ㣬Լ໨Ůèèˡ
˵ﶼһ־֮飬ĪаȻܼԦˣ˾ûܵĻˡ
Ԫ濴űֿ˿·һֱյ໨
ڸո뿪ʱ໨ͻԪִ
۵ıϣܹĸˣ໨ŮһҪߵģһԪ໨֮ͱһˡ
໨ƣҲҪԪļͽһߣԪ֮£ʹСŮһա
֮ǰԪ滹ǵ໨Լ˵Ļ
Ԫ棬Ե֣Һ֮䣬ˣԵֽǣһ㲻ҵĻȥȥĵطһ飬ҵ˼ˣ֪ζ㲻һˡ
Ԫû໨˼ܸо໨Լ֮䣬ȷʵһ㲻ѰĶ棬Լ֪ʲôһ֪ġ
˼ʲô໨ᣬʹգҲ絶һ㡣
ܶһˣ
ȻԼǺУƳɫ䣬ǻԪѾôˣ죬ֶһ໨

ĪаıðԪ¶ġ
Ը۵ŮӴȥԪ汾ǴһԾ£
תһ޴ġdƾճ֣Īаص·ϣ
ĽöǸdϣųҫ۵Ļ𻨣ͺһ
ԪѾָˣķһЩӲǿĪаһȻŴӿ£
Ϊĵص໨Ժ֮ѾĪаˡ
໨Īа໥֮Ҳûп໨ԪӲһ֮ӿ£ٴصԼߡ
̲סӯ໨˵˻ԪĻ
ɵУڴıһΪʲôҪѵ֪һжΣ𣿡
ǲΣգҲҪһԣǿĹǾͲΣա
ָ໨Ƶ㷢֮们һֱ䵽˶Էμ⣬ԪϲƮݵĳ
໨û뿪Ļֻ涵̧ͷŻԪ棬૵صȻ뿪𣿡
ãһῴԼ
ԪЦһ£֮ǰǲ˵ˣһεսǾлģΪԷҲһ顣
ҵġ
صˣʱΨһѡŰҽãһˡ
ǡ
໨ԥһ£Īа޷԰ʹǧﴫֻ°ò֪ǵľʱ򻹻ǡ
Ԫ΢ЦĺˣǧﴫԴ͹ȥûķ
ѵ㻹ķ𣿡
һֻ֪Ҫ㲻ټ뿪ôҿ϶Ƕŵġ
Ԫõ΢Ц໨Īģ˴ʱ˿̣໨ҲѡˣᶨصȻˣǾͺװɣԪģĪаͶٰ֮䣬˵˭;Ի죡
˵㣬Ƕš
Ԫ˵໨ʵΪʲô
ǵ㹦ȫʧΪ۵ĻôѡԸǲæһʱʧȥ㡭һжûˡ
Ԫ˵һ̣ô˵໨
ô໨Ҳûˮעԩ֮ȷʵҲƲסˡ
ֳסԪ䣬໨˲ɲģԪ棬һжġ
ſڷһ죬Ű䣬ĪаͶٰףԼҽˣѾ໨Ժ


570 ˹
ŶĪаˣ໨ղһ¾ͷɵ˾⣬һ۷⣬ضĪа
Ĵʦ㣬Īа̲סӣȻѾﵽԲľ磬໨̫ˣǷɵ޵еѿηһʱ˵ġ
໨мƲĪаһۣʦܣ겻ϢˣȻҴҵǰˡ
Īаصʦ㡭ҡ
ո˵ֺõĻȴӦ˹ĪаԲͦͦ໨ղͬˣǰʲôҲˣ·ߣǿһ¹ԹԵĹ˳ʥ̰ɣʦұֻ֤Ҫʥ̣ƾԳ񣡡
໨̧ڿڣЦһĪа㻹ǴԲѣͲһ쿴㲻˳ۣһɱ㣬ȻԼȥǸʥ𣿡
˵Ŀ䵽˶ٰϡ
໨ٰ׷Ʈɣʹû̫ǣǶٰɸо໨һΣյ
ҪĪаŶٰףһѾɱȥˡ
㲻Ϊȫıɣ㣬ǽʱգɱ㣬ĿҲסģ
Īа໨в̲סٰ׵һ㣬оȫˣЦ໨Բѵ㣬˲˽㣬һ˽ģķɵȷʵԲļй֮£Ҳ㻹ȥɱԲ

㻹֪𣿰ҽѾ澭ɣ˫赣ԶԿһԲһǰҪģ
໨Ŀ䵽˰ҽõϡ
һԾɫŮӣ
һ£һ£һ䡣һʵţŮ·໨˶΢΢ЩʡȻҲǾɫ
ǰãΪԪĹϵ໨Ŀϣ´ҪŮʲôħǸôά
õʱ򣬰Ҳͬڴ
໨ǰҽĿڶʹĸױ໨֣֮ǽȴûĸ׳
书ɣźĪа֣ǿվ໨ߵˣõȴӵˡ
ڴ໨Ŀȴ䵽˻Ԫϡ
һ䣡ôħŮ㻹
֪ԪͰõĹϵһԪվ໨ߣȻŭա
ԪҪ˵໨ȴͻȻãǲȰҽĸ׷ųȥġ
ñûʲô仯ȴһ£ų
ûֻҪƽ¡ҲͻƽµسˣǾҲǵˡ
ʲôط
ͰöĿ䵽໨ϡ
ǻû໨شĪаͻȻԱߺһǱĹƻѵǲ֪εĺϲǵĵԲǵѾô겻Ϸ֣ôͻȻķ֣Ļ֮ƣȫˣ˵Ҫ¶أ
ĪаĻ˵꣬ҽЩҡˣ໨Ҳ
ŵǻԪ棬ͷŻԪ棬ɫЩ԰ףһܱ˴Ŀֻš
Ԫ΢Цſ໨ڵʲô
ҡ
ˣԼıģģǣû˻ġ
ԪĻ໨ֵ̿ڰתͷĪаĪа㲻ˣȥ鶼ȥˣ໨Ҳԭ໨ȻѾҵķɵǽǾͼߵͰɣ
˵Ż໨ִһһѾµɫС̧ǰ
ڳ˶̲ס˺һ
˵Ӱ໨ķɵ£û˲£ڼǰѵ˶һֲԸâĸо
ɫС糤ȥûʲôֻˮĺʱˣѵǴ
໨һ֣˵ƶһߵĸ߶ȣһ̣޵еģ
ãǶŮˣ໨֪£ҿԭ£ǽգǲܺΪСֻһţܾȳǵȻǾɱңҲԼǵˡ
໨ϽˣһͽҽñƵǣǲò֣ؿ໨Ļ
õĿ䵽˻ԪϣԪ΢΢ͷ
ҧҧ촽ߣ໨ǾһأҲֻѡ֮սǲܣܹ˽֮٣ôһҪų
ǾܷģǵӽԺûгޣеֻǷġ
Ů˵ĶԻĪаЩˡ
ˣǲ˵𣿡
ĪԲˣǵĿľǽͳΪĿ꣬ǿԺκΪУҲԺκ˻Ϊѡ
˵Ժ󣬰ҽþȻߵһߣ˱Ϲۡ
Īа޵ȻΨŮӺСҲӦ֪ǲɿģ
Ԫ棬Īаһ䣬ҲҪΪ𣿡
ӷĪΪУƶɮҪΪС
ߣÿҵŮ
֮ǰǣĪΪ˽Բ˸Ů֮飬һ̿ʼСͲŮˡ
Ҳ޷һҲı䲻ʲôȻվ໨һߣôĪаĵˣվͺ໨һµɣ
ĪаĻ˵ÿȴʲô춯Ͼ໨ķɵ֣Ѱ·
ԭϣҽôͷģ˼ʱˮˣĪаļƻˣΪ֮ƣֻöٰ׳ȥԸ໨ˡ
ֻҪٰ׽໨ǾһĵôĪаŻԪԲԼĶ֡
˿̻ĴǣΪҽá
ѱÿԪΣΪ˾ɣͷ׼Լ
ҽúǸֺ֣˵ԼӮͦѣĪаԿ϶һᷢġ
ǼȻһΣڶҲͲϡˡ
һ뵽Īаﲻ̶໨ҲЩˡ
໨ҲܿĪа˼Ҳ׳֣һ̫󣬵ʱԼͻԪ涼һΣ֮С
ŵ˫һ̾ȻͣˣЩ
Ѷǣͷ£ôһˡ
Ī̫ôҪҪһأ
һЦ쳹˶һȻ֪ʲôʱˣ̧ͷһֻݶ֮ϣվһһװˡ
ĸߴݣȥʮҵͣݣͶͬɫͷͷ𻷣һ޴ĽɫԲ̣ΧһȦݣԣһǷޱȡ
໨һʱһæԻԪãһԲ
Īа˫۷Ź⣬Ц˹ĺ˹ҵѣ̫ʱˣ


571 ɵ師
Ԫ̧ͷ³ֵؽ˹ˡ
ڻԪ˲ô÷ֱģͺ˿˶òһ
˲һΪⳤĺЩƤȧǵ˲̫һҴŴҲ̫ͬˡ
Ǹ޴ĽûԪ̾˽ַֻһﲻǺУһĿ⡣
ҲǺ۾Ŀ⾼һ֪
붫˵ԲѾӢǷâ¶ͺǾ޴Ľ֣һ֪мɱ
Īак˹֮󣬴Ҳûô͵Īаߣ˲
ʱһֱھһյĻԪҲûôаˡ
ԼĿˣǰԲҪβܶԸأ
໨ȻܶԸκһˣҲһѣɱԲһ֮໨ضҪϢУѾٲⳡս
ҽͻȻ֣Ҳֵܵеһ
ǻʣһԲôҲǵֵסˡ
ԪڵʵȻǾԲһβСĲࡣ
ԺսѾӽβˣԪ֪仨̳Լý۵ߵǼ⣬Ѿûмˡ
ͷ໨һۣ໨Ҳÿ
໨ΪԪЩˣ΢ЦŶԪ棬㲻صģɱһ˺󣬶ȫסһһʱ䡣֪Ṧãʱ䣬Ͻ뿪ĪаδؾҪҵϾһĴʦ㡣
Ԫҡҡͷ໨̫ˣԼȫܽܡ
ֽĿ䵽˰ҽϣԪ㣬һˣƶɮҶҪֻϣܱɺã
һȻѵĸ׵𣿡
ǰЩΪѵؿ˻ԪһۣСһЩ
Īа棬Цһ䣬ڳ˰ɣ㵽飬ΣѵʱİҲڲˣ͵ɣ
Ļδ䣬ͻȻԱ߲Զİҽͬʱֻ֣һֱ̧Īа˹
澸͵Ϯ
Īаû뵽ҽͻȻͳ֡һæҡ
ҽûлشĻֺ̾ǿؿӰӵڤצ
Ԫ滹ǵһοҽõʵڻʹʱǵĽ̫ˣ澭ɺǶ˵֮Ѿﵽһֲĳ̶ȡ
ڤצһʱ춼צӰƺѾܿʯȻӲؽĪаԲ·磡
ٰ׿ĪаͻȻϮְͻȻ໨ķɵһڣһǿס˶ٰס
ٰһ־Ŀܲ٣Ҳȫûʶвһ̣ȻһҲҶôĺ໨ţ޵еĻѪħ˿Ҳûʩչ
ٰײ໨Ҳ֪вķɵʲôǾûзȥķɵ
ɵһ֣Ǿˣʹɱһˣ֮ԼһҲһΣ֮С
໨ķɵס˶ٰףԪҲһ㶼ûţһΣֱӾ͵Ǹ˹ǰصһӭ˳ȥ
˹Ǵһ˿м΢΢һֱ̧ӵס˻Ԫһơ
޴죡
Ԫ屻õ
Ǹ˹ҲûֵúôȥҲζ
ԴѩԶ֮󣬻ԪٴκԲ֣Ѿȫ·ˣ
˹Ҳû뵽ĽȻһԲĺŪ˸ƽ֣ܽܵģ
ŭһֱŷ̫Ĺԣǿľ໨ԺĻݶȥǽ̺ź˹ޱߵɵһŻԪ˹
һ̻Ԫ治ָκԼˣҪľǵȴѾϵ˽۵񣬽ǼҸطȻ̻Լ
ݽ۵еľ㣬಻ӣֻҪԼһս֮мӣô뿪Ļᣡ
Ҳж໨ؼʱһʹ÷ɵԭΪԪ滹Ǽһ·
ӱʮ겻ԲܻʤǾ˼һô뿪
˹Ľַ˹ŷ֮ȻûԪ޷ܵĸо
һ˲ԪͷӦˣԭ־Ȼк໨ɵ֮ͬҲǴǿľġ
ֻɱͻȻԱȷɵˣԪ治ΪԼ񣬴Ӷγɱɱһ
Ǿ޴Ľ֣ľݣԪ֪Ӳǲܣֻѡâķʽ
дŲ֣ԪҲô½֣һֱԱ˼ɣ֡
ɾͶ˹ȥԪ澫𣬻ζƾ׼ɱȥ
ʱ໨ͻȻһ䣺Сı󣡡
໨Ҫ嶫ٰϣȴҲûǹ۲Ԫ
Ǻ˹ĽַɳȥԺ󣬾ȻͬһЩԭʼõķȥֻˣֱԪĺϮ
ַȥʱƺƴڷ˻ȻƮƮûһ໨ѣֻ»Ԫ治ҲҪˣ
ûһ˹ŹֵİԪһ֮ٴʩչŲƣһŲԭλ
˹Ҳû뵽ԪĴŲ棬ȻԼصϮˡ
ҪֽɻĽֽסԪĵδŲٴʹ˳
һΣԪĿֱ˹ȥˣһ¾˺˹ǰ˫һһ֣һ޴Ľɫdֱ˹˹ȥ
ûкͻԪսľ飬˹ڶԷŲ֮¾Ȼһ˿ңæ֣ӲĽһ»ԪġdͻϮ
ԪҪľЧ˹ˣ֪ˣǺ˹ӲӣðջԪͼˡ
dֺݺݵҴ˺˹Ľ֮ϣͺǧصڽһ
ˡһ죬˹Ȼٴ̲ס˺˼
ȻԪҲ˺ˣһͬ°˵һٴ˹˫ַɿڿһӡһ廹ûصʱͷ˳ȥ
ӡƣԲԪûκαˣͷԼΪҵĹƣ
˹û뵽ԪܷǿһֵǸɫdֺоЩֱ顣
һܴĸо˹Ҳؾ͵׼̵ʱ䣬ǿֶνеԴš
ɾּеٴαԪˣһӡٴκݺݵĴڽ֮ϡ
Ľ֣ոսսѾˡ
һβһˣǵͺٵʱĹâصĳײ˽֮ϣȻǺĽһٴ򴩣
൱ڡµȫһѾʲôֵܵˣҲ⡣
˹ĸЩΣǻԪˣֱ˺˹ĸ
ȻѾûжˣǺ˹ˣ
һԲȻһʱ£˵һԲ
Ԫǿʧȥ󲿷̾ϢһΪǸϻû뵽Ȼ̫ƶɮʧˣ


572 Һ
˹ΪԲԭûȻһԲֱܴ裡
Ǿ׼ʱ򣬻ԪȴͻȻˡ
֮һ޴ӰǵصĳȥĽ۵
۵Ԫ汾ҲսˣȻ֪ڸ
ʱһֱͶٰ׶ŵ໨һȣз
¼仹֪໨ͬʱ
ⲻ໨ǿһǾЧʵһĿǰľ£һѾĪаæң
æң˵ļͷȻͬʱѪ⣡
һԲȻ޷ܣ׷е೤ɫɵʧټѶˣȫ䵽ڡ
ǿĳ˵ˣ߰Զͣ½Ų
ͣεʱȴǾ޴Ľ۵ѾԪ桢໨Ͱҽգҡֱϡ
˹ŭػеĽ֣ɰֱſ˳ȥ
Ԫ໨Ѿͷųǿһ˿û˶սǰҽȴ״̬ã˫赣һ˹Ľִ˻ȥ
Ӳĺ˹ŭУܲ˵ģܵ˺Уܲ
ĪаʱҲſнԶĻԪһ䣡仨Ѿˣһξ£
໨ĬĬؿ仨սһƬԼԽԽԶѪôûˣЩᣬ۽һ㾧Өھۼ
Ԫ氵֣ס໨֣໨ģЩʧȥˣδؾͲһָ֡
໨ûг֣ȴ䵽˰õϣãǵڻû£ǾҪһЩ£ǷĪаǵ֮Ҵǹȥʮ֮ڣһܼǵ
۹Ԫ໨໥֮ϣ΢΢ͷôҲ仨̵Ľ㻹Զš
ȻȻ໨ˣ;Բᷴڡ
Ԫ濴˰õĿ⣬΢΢ЩΣһ໨ոʧȥ仨̣Ҳ֮ˣֻӲͷƤץ໨֣ڵһȥǵҵˣһص¡
û뵽飬ڳŮȴͬ
ҽòûǰµ˼ҵǵ֮ǻҪֱ𷵻ĺΪɵˣˣôıȻǵɡ
īǻĺҲܷǲܣѾ׺Īа˺ԭĺסˣҪȥǡ
ҲСҲҲȫˣҪĪаǻûзɽʱ򣬽Ƕ
ǶֹģǨĻҲô׵ģҪ黹кܶ࣬ԪЩʱ䲻á
໨صӦʱû£Īа˴ģûи²ᴦǱߵ飬ҹһ˿϶£ɱһǹԶʱڣӦûʱȥԸǵɡ
ͣһ£໨һǼҲҪߣֻô˻ǽ·˰ɡ
Ԫ˵ͷǼûУԺҪǨʲôط
Ů໥һۣƺܿԷ⣬໨ȵԪ棬һǵӦңҪָһ֣ҪΪֵӵȻǴȥͶˣɲܷڡ
û̫ĻĿŻԪ棺Ȼһ𡣡
ǶͻԪ˸飬Ȼ˵Щˣ˺һ󣬲ԥص᲻ãʧ䣬ҲйأǵȽϺʡ
ԪûĬĬһ¡
㲻֪һһϸ룬Ҫѽ
޲¹Ѿ쵽ˣһ໨ٴŻ䡢èèҲҪǰ֡
ôŻСҲҪȥ֣ĺȻǺܶ࣬ʮ˸Ůӻеġ
ĺҲ࣬ʱĽꡢīЩҲҪǰ
Եһ㣬ǰֵŮӾȻнӽ֮
ӷǺ֡
ԪԼĸоһͷۣһȫ˵κεĻЩˣܾܾκˣҲܾ
໨ǰҽãԪ涼ܿŲܣĪавڼЩŮϵһҲһǿս
һ̣ԪЩ˼磬ĿģΪ˴ȶ磬ڸĿȴûдɡ
໨ƺ˻Ԫ˼ڰο㲻صĶʦãһƽ£ֻʱûɰˣʵһЩҾаȥȶʦõʱһࡣ
Ԫ΢΢ͷҲֻˡ
ʱ˻Ԫһۣɣôȥ£Ҫס
ļ٣ÿɻƶɮص֮󣬽ļֵĺɽɽ޽һŮԺǹԺλŮʩͳͳİٽȥ໥иӦ˴ҲӰ
һ˿ζǲҪ뿴ʲôˡɴҲһ˹ҶסһҲܰˡ
Ԫһ£˰һۣ˰˼
ڲԼ໨ĹϵΪõԵʣпΪĽԵʡ
ڻԪ滹˵ʲôҲ޷粵ÿȥǸƵӣǽŵ촽յĹؽڷ׵ָ֤Ҳƽ
ԪİοãǴ˿໨֣ȻоЩѡ
֪ʲôʱ𣬾ȻЩŮأԪһʱЩѽ⡣
е紵Ůӵĳ裬໨˿İã¶ʲôһͻȻɿ˻Ԫ֣ס˰á
þȵؿһ໨֪˾ٺ⡣
ãҵʮ꣬дһðɣ֪ܷԭ½ǰĸһأ
ûҲûгȥ̫Իشˡ
֪ǽòԭҡ
໨ٴ˰֣ңһزǵģֱǾÿԭҵһ졣
Ȼ໨ѾĻڹǿŰҽòɫ֪ðҽԭԼ̫ϷҲҪһĸףһ˴˵ͣһ˿͵Ŀܡ
ܻ˫ϵˣ˻Ԫⲻڶ롣
໨ԻԪԪ棬˽ñһҪ࣬ҪȰһ
ȻƶɮԴ
Ȼ֪Լܻܲһ꣬Ǻܶ黹ǰ׼һԼҼӽҵĳŹȥˣպ󻹲ҪЩ顣
ԻԪҺˣҶһˣܹȥþȥ
˵ԪԽԽСŮӵĿⶼ䵽˻Ԫϣ뿴еƤʲôģô֮


573 ٴδ
߸ߵգҶ޾ɵĴͷһɵ̧ͷȥеĹ߶Щۣˣֺ¥ѣθС
ּĲ϶Ըˣǰ˶ࡣ
ͽǲϣ㣬ʵ˻ܡ
峿ԺִԺھЩĵˡ
ɮҲһʱ䣬ڴĦõһƴʦԺɮ峿ȥȭܲùի֮͸ظãоûʲôˡ
Ħ˲żüˣΪһƴʦڵļ״ӣͷ
ֿǽˣյССĺۼѾˣô˵ɮһ˵ԳΪһǳȥռɽΪǾûġ
Ħڣֱ𾪡
ɵĴ죬ĦڣѾ˷ɵ״ӡ
űҪ壬Ƕ֮УѾнлģӻһʮ˶УֵĻֻܴʮſʼˡ
ΪɵĴӣȻܴʮſʼķŽ죬Գ˵ʦ֡
һ˫޹ͽ𴸣ŵ裬ֻȥĵĿԲС
һ֪ĳɾ;ҪԼ֮ϣһﶼѾڶˣԼнļ
Ȼƾ񽣣һҲ˻죬ǻкҪһ㣬Ǿ͡
һʮ꣬ԼȴѾʮˡ
һãɵĶӻҲһ֣Գ˵ʦ͸֣ʵڻ֮£һޣҲڶ塣
ͽǣԭǣԳưޣҲڶ塣
ֻϸĵһƹ۲ƺͻϾг޵ģһҪߵͣ˭ʦܳĵӡ
ͽܻĺԭֵܣͺͻԭҲֵһ粻ͬǣľǻ
ĸƽʱ࣬ǺȱŵĻԪͻ۵ĻҲࡣ
һʦ壬޺Ҳ໥֮ûжٻ
һҲ֪Ԫʲôطôĸɫһôı̬һʦ嵱ĶûʲôˣʲôʱĳһΪ׼ԲԲ׽ʦ˦ûӰˡ
鲻ǲܵģϾ˼һᣬҸȥǱ
ôһ죬һƹȻΪָˣǶҲģĦõûļȥˡ
Ȼ˵ò̫࣬Ǵﶼ޺áááԺʹĦϰÿ֮УԴĦΪҪҲһǳ֡
Ħõ书ܵΣλϵģһҪΪǿսɺֲһҪ书ôãǴĦ书һҪǿġ
Ҫ˵˻ҪҪ̼ģһ֮ǰֻڶ壬Ȼÿ춼屶ļŬţҪͻƻûиͷ
Դĸ֮һƾ˴̼ˣԼһʦȻҪʦֶ⻹˵á
Ҳôģ̼ܵһͻȻˣȻ˳ϵȻûдͨأǾȻҲͻһƿڵٴαһٳΪ׼Բĸ֡
һζֵٰǴΣһƾֵ֪Բˣ볬ܣһҲüʱصıԼļʦֶˡ
ΪóǼȻڶ壬ƺͻƵҲʱΪԲ׼Բǲ̫ܵġ
ʵ˵Ҳȷʵˣǵڶ廹ڻԪĹඥ´ﵽģܿͻǲʵ顣
һ㣬Ԫ滹ûиǹඥǿ书ȻԪ⼸ӹඥ书֮һƾ֪ʲôˡ
һͻƳΪ׼ԲȻֵĴϲ£Ҳûֵ̫𾪡
Ϊʱ䣬ֵľϲ̫ˡ
Ԫ뿪ʱ䣬ֵĵӶí˾ڸÿڵļ֮£ÿ˵Ľݡ
ΪǻϢеʱ䶼ˡ
һϰ֮ڹҲûôģǸɵʲôȻһζûûҹ
ֲͬеĵӶһĴΧ֮ڣиÿڵļ٣ûϢʱ䣬һ켸ȵƽʱʮˣ⡣
ֵʵѾʲôˣӽ˵֮Уﵽ쾳Ѿﵽ˾ʮˣϾͻһٴˡ
ʣ߰ʮ棬ȫǺԲ
̫ˣ¼ûһʣڻԪȺʽϴԺÿĿ궼ǱǿԽնĽ㣬ȡַܰչַ
ӵԶѾڵص·ǰһ󲽡
Զٶȣе˶ȵ˵Ƚҹѡĵӣû˵ȫֵĵһһ
֮УҲ˲űţǸ³۵ĶѾ쾳磬ڲòˡ
ֻţ߲Ǿˣһ̹ˣٹƾҪȥɽʹʥˡ
һʮЩ˹ʺˣľ֮Уÿ屶٣ٶȿԺʹĦٶȣҲԺͻԪķԺˡ
ٶȣǼģһѾڵص·ǰ˺ܴһиһصģʹΪڣڶûˡ
ʣʮˣȻûдﵽڣڶȴǴﵽˣϾӳڵڣȴڵࡣ
ЩˣǵһֱȵĻ޺ͻ۽˵ľ΢Щˡ
Ƕ˽һʱˣڹȣȴѾ䵽˻һ˵ĺ档
ȻľļӳɱȽϸйأҲֲǡ
˶⣬һĽ˾ġ
Ϊһһϵѹκ˶أֻһһգҲЩѹÿվͷԪṩõﵽڶ壬Ҳһ˲˼顣
ٶȣһ˻Ԫ棬ΪԪȻиȻʮļ٣Ͼʱ䲻࣬һ굹дʱ棬ҪֵӻڷܣֻҪ˱ȥˡ
һһľϲһƵĽҲôˡ
һֵ˲֪ģµϣڴղӽʮƺٴηһ£ľȻ
ѾԲľ磬ľٴȻûܴﵽľ磬ѾǽСˡ
绹ǵʵĻѾĶˡ
ľͻ֮󣬾ûмˣΪѾĸоⱲӵ߳ɾˣʲôĻȻûпܴﵽ
Ѿ޹񣬶һ˵⡣
ɾ˵֣Ȼ鷳ˡ


574 ȵ
λںϣճΪ޵Ļǹڡ
ʢƵ˵ǳϵĵǹڣԱĵǹ⡣
Ҳ⣬ģһǶ
⣬ϡ٣Ǵڡ
ʢǰʱڱһֻǰѣ˺ʢҲһǺˣͺʢƺʹģԭҲһˡ
˳ǵ֮˫ûйͨûӰĲ䣬н
ʢƽ̸۸ֵʱ򣬴Ὣ˵ĸּڡҲнҲὫʢƵĸֺɼڡ
ʢƵĽǲƵģϾϡ٣˵ʵҲԶԶȲʢƣǴϻϡ
ʢ˿м֣ǣΪǲԼһᲢۡ
ǽ˲ô룬ΪԼʵͬҲҰģһЩԽǵĽԭͼ
ʢиĵĹأǾǾԲԭҰʢ֮ʲôìܣǶʢƵ£ͽ޹أһнʢʲôͻ⵽ʢ˵Χͼɱѿ״̬
ԽȻҲв٣ǻûмʢƴ
ĸҲѧĴˣͬͬڣֻҪ˵ԼǽˣҲûʲôϵس
һЩԭʢ˵𽥿ԼĻҵԼ
þҪսʢƵ཭ɣΪ˽ֵս
һսӮˣô־ͻ˵ԼݣһˣǾͻˡ
Թ޵һ޵ڶǸɷͷȻҲз磬־״̬
ֻԪ潨ľܺõ赲˽սͷʢ˻ǽˣߴ֮ˣľûսֵָʸ
ڽһʱ䣬ֵľΪŻ⡣
Ϊս֣ǴΪֵӣ뾭ľȻ͵ùԹԵĴŽȥ㣬ǵҲľֵ鷳Ǿ
ͺ¿Ȼǳصģȭͷɲǳصҵң趼ʶŹ֡
Ҳ֪Ǹô̵ģͺ¿ڲعص˺޷ȣһӵϵȺŹЩս徫Ľ˺޵
Ҳ赲˽սߵҵ飬ս֮֮Ѿγ˷ε⣬ýĸҲˡ
Զʦֶôȣİɣ
źľھ벻ԶԶֵ֪ɮÿ춼ŴӴĿˡ
ǵŹرյʱ򣬾ԶͻֱӽִĦļܸõֲ쵢ʱ䡣
ľſڣһкžԶ
ʮ˸˸ոһʮͭʱҲҽôȣҲûľеأһľ⿴˿ÿԶҲеģɴкԶġ
һǲ뿪ľģѡ˽ľ֮Ҳʧȥ˴󲿷ֵɣʱ䶼Ǵľ棬żȻ£ҲǴӺ뿪һ¿Լʱķء
ľϵͳڽȥĻھͻرգȥͱӳڳȥҪ;ľ
ǽֹģһǴڳȥôҲرգȥͱٴӳȥҪƺܴһȦġ
ԻһľкԶûи뿪ľ
Զҿ˿ΧҲûˣɽ濴˿Ҳû͵ӰӣҲʵû˼ߵľڴ
һʦ壬պа
ԶȻ书ȻһҪߣԴԴӼһֱֵַ֪ɮڻֱĺҲ𾴡
һȻûʲôʦԾٺЦԶ֮Ͳôˣ˭֪ԼִҪҪӣֻҲƶɮʦ˰ɣʦ嶼пܣ
һĻûдԶֵʱֵĸֻǺܶ࣬ԶʵһֱǺɵ飬Ԫ浱Ҳ˼
Զ˰֣ô˵Ͼûз飬Ǿƶɮʦ塣
˵ŻԶ½һ㣬¶˽˶ţ̧ͷֵס⣬һۣڵ湻ȵģҾֿܲ
˾澭ľԶͻԪһȲ䡣
ڻԪ˱ڤҲôˣǾԶһЩܲˡ
һ˿Զ۾ţȥˮԶ
һ򣬻۾һͰˮŵľǲ뿪ľġ
Զ˹ȥ˹˵ĺ˼ˮһ㣬ľڱϵһ
Ǳ߻һҲ׷ڴ;Զ졣
Զ׽룬һǲܳͺһ̽һȺһҸ˵Ż
һÿľ֮У֪٣Զ֪ɮ֪ܶ࣬һʲôҲϲʾԶ
ʦֶʱսľ֮Уܶ˸ǵĸоǴһطģȻǺһǺˣܸоЩһ
ʵǻʮˣʮ޺СĵӣǻȽ϶һЩȻҲﵽˣȴ
ԶСʦ壬˵ͷʱȷʵЩ쳣ܶҲЩܹŹ֣ɮ˵ˣЩ֮󣬾ǵҲ㣬һĸ˵իիʣ˺ܶʳիõʦҪǲ˷ѣ˳ͻ
ʮ޺ÿմľ棬ԷǴӳͣ淢鶼̫һԶ˵˾񣬷׷״
ǼҸоܲʢһ˵Ȼ࣬ǻһЩһĵطĳЩϰҲͬȥի˷ʳˣЩ;˵ǣû뵽ЩһȻ涯ִˣ
£ֱ֮
ǵʱիãһҪݺݵĽѵЩ֮ͽ
ҶڳԵĶǺģ˷Ǹ˷Ѿҵµҵ϶ˣҪµģիԶپö٣˷ѡ
ĳЩͲֻ࣬ǲշѵģֻҪԸȥǷǷǮի
һ㲻˷ѣһ˷ѱָ˳ҲὫʣʳԵġ
ֵͨǣûлԪǵȺ˵˸˷ʳһҰߡ
ʮ޺ǵĹ书赲ֵҵˣÿǴܣȻҲϰȭͷ⡣
Լʮ˸Сʦ壬ԶЦŰ˰֣û£õʦÿիڹȰЧ£ʱʦѵЩˡ
ǻãֿǴɣʲô˶Ұ
һ˵һ󣬾ԶżֻЩߵʱ򣬻˻˵һֱģǻһʲôš
ʲôţôĵӣ̫ͷ϶
ʮ޺¶첲ӣ׷վһ¶׳ȭͷŪ⣬޲Щ̾


575 ɽ
ʮ޺צӣԶҲЩЦϾ⼸ʦͱԼС˲٣ȻִһЩΪϣȷʵԵۡ
λʦ壬̫ļЩʵѾûˣǲҲо𣿡
Ŷ˵ս˾ǣ
ȷӦʵ
ĺܶ˶ǣ⣬̡
Զ˵꣬ʮ޺࿴˿Ҳźɱˣ׷һȷʵ˵ô£
ɳԼ߰ʮǰ˵һʲô﷢һɣǶһںڷɣɱԭԭĴúɽǵġ
߻֮ˣȻҲҿԭ
ֱǲַ²õʦֵǳ棬ǾܽЩʰˡ
ʮ޺֣Ѿô޵ˣ٣ʮ޺һûһɿֵģܶʱԼţ֮ڣֻ³˷ǲֿܵʮ˵֮£δʤɡ
ǵ˼ά㲻̫ʮ˸˶ڣôƥԲˡ
ǵҲǿǰͣҪԭЩҪˡ
ԶæҲ̫ļ˵һ˵һңͻһʱ棬̵˻𽥵ؼӴԭɧţΪ׼
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ʮһɣ˷׷׵ͷ
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˷׷׵ͷеҲǺܶԣϾЩ㻹ֱܷʲôȫˡ
һʦֶǶԸЩ̵ˣôһʱĿͦƵǲԭڸʲôŵص㣿
Զ˵ͷ࣬ͺʿҲкܶµģݴҵжϣЩ˿ܾںϸΪһʱ䣬Ϸ飬ȷʵ˽˺ϡ
ʮ޺㿴ңҿ㣬¶һ˿˷֮ɫ
ǵı飬Զֵصôˣ
ʦֶ˵ǿɲĵɽЩǱص֮һ򾡰ҲǴȥ֪ˣ죬벻Ǻϵҡ
һʮ޺Ľ飬Զæ֣вУԲУɲûȨɽһʦҲûȨҲԲӦġ
ԪߵʱԸֵӰΪħ̵вüޣӦΣǵ֮ʵڽĸ
ʮ޺ƺģԶֻõλʦ壬Ҳ룬ǿľʮͭˣֶĹؿˣ˲ǿؽľˣʱ̸ʲôԸˣֵˡ
ԶĻʮ޺Ҳ֪Щ̫ʵһͷɥﲻ˵ˡ
һһٴοڣǷЩ̵ԭҰҲӲѽȻʮ˸ش󣬵ʦֵӦûôصɣʦֶ㣬ɽӦòôѡ
ʵԶÿ쵱֪ɮȷʵҲЩģ˻һĻЩ⶯
ǾԶȻֳֻܱǵʹɽҲǲеģκ˲뿪֣ɽʵҲΪ˼ලˣ뿪ǵȷɻ˵ɡ
۰ʱƲƲ죺ʦֶкܶ㲻̫ɣֿɲֹɽһ·
ҵȻ֪ɽһ··Ҳ˿صģͷվڣ·һᱻֵġ
۰ҡҡͷ˵ò·ǡٺ٣
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ƷɺղӵЩ׼ҵӣûжŵɮЩԼЩһ־֣׼ҵҲ
׼ҵʱ򣬺˴ܵǾзģеʱˣְȱĸǾе¡
Ժˣɵ״ӻ۵νԺֻ۵ƽʱڴĦúͼʦֵһԺûķá
ǱϾ˼ලˣֵɽҲĿŵŻ·һ㶼իóĹܡ
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ûлᣬԶδؾûᣬ΢΢ЩĶҲûʲô˼ͼСʦ島ƤԻصŴɽ·

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໨һʱҪ黹кܶࡣ
Ԫ֪ǵﱻ໨ʲôطˣɳɽµȪڣ໨ĵط
ǰõҲǳصģΪ˱ڳõĥȻúԼȪʹùϢߣһزһΡ
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һЩҪչ˵ģ໨簲ҽֻĽȵȣԪܲܿǺŮ˻һ𣬺ԼŮӣҪչһ¡
̲СҪϸĹ滮˸оԼ˱ˡ
ڽ۵ı飬Ԫʶ⻹治һʲôһŪãǾǺԺ𣬶˴֡
ֻϣʱ𻹲жǮܹŵԺĿȻԼҪҲˡ
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ĬĬԪϣа
ֱӽԺҲǧﴫشԪ棺ʵϲɺѽ
ԪٺЦϣ˴˱˴ˡ
úÿְɣɿǴΪˣɺúôľͿ԰帣ˣŷһа취ġ
ĻԪҲˣȷʵ˺ܴĽһôɡ
˵ԪҲˣ۵ֱ˷ԺϿա
۵ֵ֣ܶӶˣ
ɵĽӥˣⲻʲôˣû뵽ھȻһֻ񣬱ȵĽӥҪϼ̫ˣ⻹
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ɴӴϢǺܿĴ֡
Ԫý۵ȥɽЩͬϵͳĻǡԼǻصԺڣһƨ̨֮ϡ
̨ðһһʮļپûԪȫˬҪʱ䲻뿪ȥĻԼͯӹѾ쵽˰ɡ
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˽ϾǮպпҲԼģС̻Ԫ滹ǻġ
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ʮ޺ĳɹԪѾˣ˻Ԫ֪ԼǶԲָ֮ƣôһ˰µĴܰԼ档
ʮȫΪԺƥԲˡ
ϾպֵҪˣ϶ԲĵѾԪˡ
֮У棬ҲѾʽﵽһٸлԶڡ
һ޺ĻҪﵽˣһЩһӣ´ֻҪϤˣһɱ
ȥԪȷ˲벼ѡ
һٸΪĻʯʣİ˸˾ͺҪֱҪذ˷Ϊۡ
ԪѡʱԼ״ӣϾԶһ˸Ϊһ޺ۣذ˷ΪպԿԲ
һҲٴ¸ߣΪڵĸ֣׵ĺһӵ
ǼʹˣһĹҲ΢һЩԪı⣬ϣ˲ۣΪ޺۵ġ
ǬŻû䣬Ҳ֪ǰȡİȺͺĦߵʲôطˡ
ʱģƺҲ쵽˰ɡ


579 ɲ򸾵ı
Ԫ뷨ûдΪȺͺĦȣҲǻ۸ն˿쵽֮󣬾ɳ۵ȥ鿴ˡ
۵ٶȺܿ죬һʱͷˣҸԪ׼ȷϢ
ʹǰʱ۵ҲܷɳȥԶ㹻мµˣ۵ϢǰȶѾӽ˺ϵı߽磬·ĻԺܵˡ
Ϣ˻Ԫ漫ܣ
ȡڿҪˣһ֮󣬻Ԫ潫ϵͳؽ
˲Ҳˣ۸յԺ󣬽ٴֵʵһ޺ҲһƣһжֵûԪڴġ
۸ռԪµһ޺ڴûôˣһ;ԶҪ滻ģʱȵ˲ˣԼָҲ١
ҪᣬԪɮǵϰҲץûôϸˣ˻ҪݽϵģһζĿҲʣʵҪһµġ
һԪã֣Ѿ˺ܴĵеĪаǵħ̣Ҳ޷׵ػ˰ɡ
Ȼ󷨸ҪģֻԪ治ȥָˣķԺ󣬻Ԫͷ˷Ժ֮ڡ
˻˺󣬻ԪѾٴλߵ
˱ٶȵ̨ѾѾʮһˣټ屶ķԺԪѾʮٶȣ
ٶȣûԪ˷ܣÿһεȻ̥ǡۿɼĽٶȣþͯӹѾֿɼˡ
֮¶ʮߺš
˽죬Ԫܽ·ݵĳ齱ˡ
һйԪһڵѾ˽ӽ׵ĵز
ʱÿһǾ޴Ԫܹоֱʱͯӹܵڡ
ڵٶȼ㣬Լ£Ԫͯӹܵˡ
ȻٶѾǳˡǻԪ滹ǲô⣬Ϊħ̵вϾһֱڡ
µĳ齱Ҳ˺ܴϣ
ո׼ϢһٴģͻȻ档
ӡ޺Ǳ֤һػΪͨʲôġ
ʦˣԳɲ򸾣˵Ҫ
˻Ļ㱨Ԫһ
ɲ򸾣Ȼɲɲˡ
Զ򸾣ԪûʲôԹġȻɲǱԼȵģǷҲ˵ҪԼǺǼħ̣ΪԼĵˡ
Ǽħ̵ʱĪаûкͻԪ淭Ǹʱ˵ǵˣֻǺĪаͻԪ淴Ŀȴҵġ
ҲûͻԪԹԻԪ治ǡ
ǷƺЩĽӣûٺͻԪ潻һóȻ֣ӦʲôҪ°ɡ
Ƕ˽ɡ
˻ҪġԪû˽ԼǴݵһ·˷ɵ̬
һɲ˽Ԫ֮ͼæʩ
ԪŻ׻Ȼ
ϲԺ˳ȥԪ濪ڵλʩɽôпأ
ɲ򸾶һۣɲվٴζԻԪʩȻҷ򸾶Ҫʹʦҷȴߵ˴ʦĶ棬ȻʵԸǱϾǶԲʦʦ𷣡
Ԫ΢΢ЦԲӣһûֵӣû֣ûкƶɮйֱӳͻ֮С
Ԫӣɲһ£ԻԪлʦ֣ЩǷ򸾶һֱΪоգҲûʦֻǵõһϢÿܻԴʦãԲŴɽ
Ŷ֪ʲôϢ
ʱɲŻԪ΢΢򸣣ȻŵģĪа˴ģʲôҪҪʱ䶼ûлɽٰҲһ
Ԫ֪ģĪаԸ໨仨̣Ҳ໨ڽḶ́ʱоǸ飬鲻ΪˣԪŲôżĪаʱ
ʦҲ֪ħ̺ΪУʵҲʦҪֱĪаٰ׺Ǹ˹ĺ˹
Ԫ΢΢ͷԲһֱѹڻԪĿڵĴʯʵȻֻһԲĴ治öԸ
໨ˣԪ淴еһЩ
ɲʦܻ֪ἵĶѾʽˣħ̣
ϢԪһʱ˵
ӿǵõѪӰ񹦴УոսԲģǻԪĵˣû뵽Ȼħ̣
һħ̵ʵ绢ӲܶԸˡ
ֻˣԼô֪أ
Ϣ׼ȷ𣿡
ǧȷѾȥɽǵʱɽΪĪаڣȥ˴ġɽʱ׿˵ãħˣֻϢûڽϴ￪ˡ
Ԫ˼βųغһ¿Щ鷳ˡ
ɲĻû˵꣬ԻԪʦĸԲֻ֣¼ҲܵˣѪħƶǶˡ
ƶɮȻ֪Īа¼ᶨҪԸֵĵģƶɮƣʱǾпɱ
ɲʱȴ֣ȻʦҲ̫ģǻһϢǾǲ˹ĺ˹񲢲ڴģȥݷһλѡ
Ŷ£
ԪﾫһɲԼ˵飬Ϊأ
˹ǰԲʱ򣬾ʢƣҲѣһλˣ˹˹һβĪаҲҪѣʱ䣬ƺ˹Ҳ쵽ˡ
ɲĻԪ׶Է˼ˡ
ԭɲɲͨ籨ŵģҲһֱľٶɡ
˹ȥȷʵǸ˻ԪᣬֻҪԼܰλᣬ˹ɵôԺΣպѹͻСܶࡣ
ϾԷֻԲԪ㾡ֵҲδؾûһսĻᣬԲǸɴ໹ǲҪֿˣֿҲͽ͡
ɵ˹϶ĪаͶʱ䲻ɱֻҪԼ֧໨Լʱֵ󷨳ͣôĪаʹˣԼҲܴԣʤ
ᣬȻǧѷ꣡
ŻԪɫɲɲ֪ԪѾˡ
˵ˣɲɲɲʦ⣬뾡׼˹Ҳʹһ죬ƺ͵ʱ䲻ѽ
ǱϾħˣʲôҲ˵̫¶ˣԪص˵ͷɲ˵ȻˣƶɮлͷˣǷţҲûʲôдλģλԱɡ
ɲҲ׷׵ͷȷʵʺһֱͻԪǡ
ɲ뿪ԪĬĬţȥΧɱһԲ黹ûԼܳɹ


580 ΧɱԲ
õɲ򸾴Ϣ󣬻ԪʵѾþˣɳ۵ȥ鿴˹ټ
۵ٶȣʮְ˷ֵ飬ܿͷˣҲ˺˹ټ
Ȼͬɲ˵˹ǰ·ϣǵһˣͺ˹һģͬԲ˹ʥ̵ʥʹߡ
ĸҲ򵥣ȫڶ壬ȵݷЩ˲
õ׼ȷϢ֮󣬻Ԫ̾жˡ
뿪˷ԺǰڵĲؾ
ȻԪѾͨ黹ǵ˵ȽϷһ㡣
˲ؾ̧ͷ˻Ԫһۣ֪ʲô顣
Ȼͨǲʱʱ̶̿ڿ̽ţһ˵ֻиӦԲĸֵ֮ŻȥۿȻǲҿģ۲Ϊٿ֪ҲԵĺ÷
֪Ԫ滹Ҫɲ˴Ϣһ顣
ʼħȻԲ֮ҲǺݺݵĵһѡ
ȻĹٴξ֮ǰǿ˺ܶ࣬˵ǽڡˣҲԼ߳ɾˣʣûʸ롰ľġ
Ҫ˵ƾڵʵԸĪаĸˣǳ˵Ρ
ҲԶԸģͶٰ׽֣ܸоԼʵҲǺǸٰ൱ϾٰײͨԲ
ѪħĴУݷǵİ˸˵֮£ٰϣ롰ľġ
ֻǵĹ̫ǿѪħĴҲ̫ûöٰ׵ʵﵽ壬Ϊû˰׳գ˴ĻǵĪа
ʵֻܺͶٰƥСټһˣ¾Ͳˡ
ǶԸĪаͶӶ˵֣ԼʱҲ䣬ϾǵĹǲġ
ĸԲ룬ԲűԪһ
֮Ԫ潫ں˹˵˳ҲĶˡ
һôѵõĻᰡһԲ֣붼Ǻ˼顣
һƻɹˣôΪӭһʱĺƽܽ˻Ὣһ޺ˣôպԿħ̾ͼˡ
ǺػԪɣѯʵǰշɵ˼Ӧδأ
ԪһЦϹҲи˰ɣƶɮȻˣƶɮҲ˵˵ҵ˼ǣһҪȡ֮ǰȻǽ˹
¶һ˿ζЦݣԻԪɿǹ˹ԲͨģɵͲ±˷𣿡
Цˣﲻǻ뱻˹֣Ҳֲˡ
ɱβ˻Ԫ棬ԪԲҲһ֪
ǷɲҲ˵ˣ߻ڶĸҲ̧־ܳģɴӦԣ
ҲѣһγϺңҵͽȫһʦĸҲ𲻵ʲôá
ɵ뷨ǺõģĻҪȰⷽһ䣬ͽȥҲĽ飬ûһʮ˸Ҳȥ
ǡ
ԪЩԥһʮ˵ĹǳһЩľҲҪػ
ɣǱȥȻεļƻһɲˡ
֣صĸԪ棬˻öԸһЩǺ˹ԲһԲĸҪûܹסģʱ򣬾Ҫʮ˸ˡ
赲Բ𣿡
ⷽɾҪˣǵľ˺ϻ֮ϰѾˣô˴ǾһĻᣬûϰ죬ֻǵĻͲˡ
ʱԪԼڸʮ޺ʱ򣬾һֺϻֱ֮˺ϻ˺ϻ˺ϻʮ˺ϻ
ֻԼӡ֮Уһǵ˺ϻȫû⣬˺ϻŪĲǺܺãѵھͿԾ˺ϻ
ҪСߵˣЩ˶ϰţһΣҲһ޴ľϲء
ԪڻͬĻԸһˣȷʵʮ޺ôҪԼļͽǿ
ʱ򣬻Ԫ治Щڴǰ˲ڵۣôԼҪȡշħȦĻǲǿԴڸǡ
˲ĽշħȦֻҪʮ޺֮ϰɡ
תͷԪ滹Ҫȥһľǻһȡϰ˾˺ϻ֮ôһε񣬻Ҫȥɡ
ľʱûţҲǺܴ⣬Ԫ滹ȥʱӦһ¡
ĽûûԪʧһʮ˸˹ȻûйԼڴûаװ׽ľõؽǣȻ٣˺ϻ֮Ѿʮǰϰˡ
ûбõϢˣԪ̾ʮ޺ɽǰ
Ϊ˹ǾǴģԪҪǵ֮ڳȴԼȥǲãʱôٸȷ
Ԫ´֮ʮ޺ͬСһȸԾľ뿪ľ·ûлֱȥȡƥһ·ɽǰȥˡ
ԪΪн۵ԴҲûкһͬС
һ뿪֮󣬻Ԫٴϵ
ЦǺǵʻԪ棺ȻѾˣôʲôʱ
ϣ֪нģǰ򵥵úܣƶɮһЩҪϲ͵һƶɮһ·ǡ
ȴܾ˻Ԫ飺ִôãҲȷʵóȥˣǰɽĸʲôĶûʹشӦһζԸһԲ޷͵ˣͲͷͬˡ
ش˻Ԫ֮Ȼ뿪֡
ֻûǾƾԼṦȥˡ
Բ磬ѾܴǱ۵ĿˣûṦ죬ʲô
ս뿪ˣԪһ
ֻҪڣһεļƻʧˣôҲԲʲôΣա
ΪԪţ˹ϵĻʧܵһǺ˹ϾĹٴνˣȻұ֤һɱ˺˹ǻ϶
Ԫ˵
ʮ޺뿪ʱ򣬻Ƕʮյ磬֮Ԫ潫һ˹
иѹסˣǾһƣ׹Ҳ׼ԲĸˣԪܶ鶼ܷˡ
ֵ齻һ£ԪһƣһԼǳԶţܿͻģϺһһƲǷһЩ
һƺԼ֣ԪҲõʲôˣһν˱չװ֮С
һεԪһֱҹʱ֣ۿٽʮˣԪչ
ǲˣǻԪһֱڴŵ·ݳ齱ʱ䣬ǵˡ
ԪЩĦȭˣҪȥԸԲˣʷǰĹؼʱ̣ϵͳܰԼһ


581 ϵͳĲ
ԴӻԪѡδĳ齱ΪۣϵͳΪÿγ齱ϲΪһ֮Ͷڳ齱ϧڴ
ʲôδ꣬һ֮ڵĳ齱ܰԼĻԺĳ齱ҲڴˣǾԶûг齱ˡ
Ϊֻһ
˵ĻǴ˻Ԫ漫ĴռȻȥƺܻ
һε³齱ҲǳĹؼŪĺˣܰæһ뵽Χ˹սȥ
ָһˣܺ˹ԣɱˡ
µĳ齱ܹؼԪ漸Ϣصȴţֱϵͳʾ
³齱ʱ䵽Ƿʼ
ʼ
Ϥϵͳת̳ˣԪĿٵڽƷɨ
ԼʵģԪ治ȥˣĿҲ棬ʵΨʵĶûԪע⡣
ԵĶԪ淢˼ֵԼֵĶ
Ⱦһöѧ
ԼĿǰмѧˣһţôܺϳһŸ߼ѧĽԼĳһ߼ѧΪѧˡ
ΨѧĳѧԪ˺Բʱƾһӡ͡d־ѧȥ͵Ϯˡ
ֻǳѧ֣ҲûԪʵһ͵Ϯ˹İ
֮⣬⽱۵ڶһ㣬оؽпǾԵĵڶ֣ҲпĶ
оǸ߼ѧ档ϴ辭ٴγ֡
߾Щ̶Ĵ󽱻߷þʲôġ
Ԫ濴һǽĿ궨˴󽱵棬ԼҲкܳһʱûгȡˣ֪һεô
ϵͳС©ˣԪ浱Ȼû˷ѵص˿ʼ֮ѡù󽱵ķȥ
һΣƺûչ˻Ԫ档Զʱ򡣹ͣ
еʱԪûгȡ󽱣Ϲèӵĳȡʲôһĺƺþˡֱӳȡһ֮ͽˡ
һǺɫĹ⣬ڶǳɫĹ⣬ǻɫģĲɫɫˡ
ķ⣬ڻԪʵûߣûԪԺȦһ㣬ȸ߻𼦡
ȡ㣬ǷʹöĲܣ
һλԪûʲôԥֱѡ˶Ĳ۳ɹʧܶԵôҪ
󽱲ԶҳȡĿǰôķ⡣ԪȽϲǺûһףĲĽȽ˳Ԫɹˡ
ķ⣬Ĳ߲
ǻԪû뵽ģΪɹ֮ӦǶĲķء
ͳȡ˵㣬һֻ߲ģĲɹô˵ԵѾԪȡ˳
ԪûϸȥԼǷ߲ӹɡĵǣһ߲ȫĲϣôϵͳͼͳһȱϵͳôȱأ
ܲһԼ齱ʱλһֿհɡ
ȻԪԤϣһƷ׵ĳȡˣϵͳûʾ齱еĹâϵͳתһһġ
ԪҲż뿴ϵͳܱʲô
˴Լӣϵͳʾڴ
ϵͳδѡζĲЧ
ϵͳʾ֮󣬻Ԫ澪ȵŴͣôȻԼһЧأ
ϸĻһ£ϵͳҪҪһʱģɺ󣬲ŻὫĳı䣬ڳȡнĳһֱӳȡɾͷһη
ѵ˵ϵͳҲû׼ãһͻ״ɣ
ǲͻ״Ԫ治ˣԼò׶ĲӮһأǷǳʵõ߲㣬ôܲأ
һܴﵽ֮ͨļܣ˵Ͳ㣬ԪԲӦ
Ԫ淢֣ϵͳʱǿּۻ۵ģǽϵͳʱ򣬾ͺϷһϷ©ҪңϵͳȻ֪ôģǺҲ⹦ܡ
Ԫ̵ҿ飬ҪùĴҪ黹ҶĲɹĽƷ
ϵͳǹһŻش𣺡߲Ҫ´γ齱ſԱȡΪ˲ЩƷѡһΪ
Ԫ滹ҡͷЩƷû߲ļֵҲͬ⡣
ϵͳûԪթѡ񣬵ʱʮ뿪ʼ
ϵͳ˵ţǱ߾ͿʼʱˣԪһϵͳˣҲ˲Ҫˣ̾ȥѡ˴ѡ
Сûóϵͳٴʾ󽱡˫Ϊ
õϵͳ׼ȷĻش𣬻ԪˣʱٺƽѾûˣʹϵͳĶԼƽˣԪҲûط˵ȥ
ۿʱʱҪˣԪǳѡϴ辭
ʵǻԪĿˡ
һεĳ齱׬ˣҲˣպõ͵߲֮ԼٴһԶѡ߼Ļᡣ
ϴ辭ҲǻԪġ
Ҫ˵ٶȵԪҪٴǿߵĻᣬⱾϴ辭
ûԪ̥ǵĺöȻһ߼ѧʵǸıһ˸Ķ
ͬ׽һϴ辭ĻãûԪһ̨ףɱΪһϰˣ
һεĳ齱²ٻκεĶԪҲֵˡ
ϵͳûиԪóƷʱ䣬Ϊеڶεĳ齱ڵȴŻԪ档
һγ齱ڶγ齱ʼ
Ԫǰϵͳת̵ĹâһЩƷ»һ顣
ԪĿ䵽߲ѡ棬ֻѾдһĺ֡
һ޴ġ֣䵽棬ɼһĿǰǱֹȡġ
ԪЦһ£ϵͳа취Լ޷©ˡ
ǻԪһҲ٣ôԼ׬ģڶܳȡһʲôܺܿˣûѹ֮£̬ҲɣûȥϵͳתϳʲôֱӲŹŴٴγɱ˹ȥ
ҲϵͳղžԻԪˣҲǻԪͻȻһεϵͳѵõ˳ͣ˴ͼ档
ԪѾܾúܾûйˣѾʱԼӦûֻɵ㶵ؿѾͣµϵͳ㣬ŵ۾
ȻǴ󽱣ԼõĴ󽱣ٴγԼǰ
ֱϵͳʾٴʱ򣬻ԪŷӦ˹
дˣ̫ˣ
Ԫͷϲã˹⣬ȻԭҰĿ˵ǲַƶɮ㣡
ˣԼһδ󽱣ܲܳȡö˵ء
ֱϵͳٴγ֣һȦȦĳʱ򣬲ŽԪ˼˻
ǸȻȥһγֵĽƷ
ʱ򣬻Ԫżǵõɴ۾Ŭǹ߲ȥѰЩýƷټ


582 ƷĻ
ϴ辭֮ڳȡ˴󽱣ԪβŸоϲ֪ڶεϵͳתʲôƷ
Ŭؿˣǻûе󽱵ĵһƷͳˡ
ϵͳʾϲȡ˷㣬ǷʹöĲܣ
ղžǷĲӮģһΣԪѾûȥĲˡ
һ˵һӮˣһĻͱȽϴȻԪ֪ÿһѶһµĿʼһεӮûʲôϵš
ҷҲشֻҪٴγȡ⣬ôͻٴѡһ߼ѧΪˡ
ǽղͽշħȦԪ滹źܴڴġ
ǻԪҲûܾ̾ĲǳᣬٴιۿһϵͳƷ
һۣԪĿ䵽öмѧ档
ȻֳмѧˣԼôͿӵгѧˣ
ԪоѪҺˣֻҪ˳ѧôʹһԲԪҲһս֮ˡ
мѧ֮⣬ϵͳ˼ĶǺмѧһȾûжĿɱˡ
ȻⲻܼǸ߼ѧ
ΪԪѾˣպľ澭ľĴϵͳͼ棬ʱҫԼ
Ҫ˵澭ľмѧԪ滹治֪ѡʲôá
˾澭ԼľҪӽԲˣʹһҲ΢΢ˡδսǷǳİġ
ⲻԪܺӳѧջ
Ԫ濴˺һ󣬲ѡ˷Ĳϵͳĵڶ˳ȥ
ϧⶫܻԪĿƣֻؿϵͳܵ˷֮ͣ˽Ų
ϵͳǧƪһɵѯǷĲԪٴѡ˷Ҳͷȫﵽ˵㣬ôѡѧҲͲԶˡ
˶Ĳ֮󽱵һγȡڿʼˡ
ԪֻоԼʲôҪһ
ԪЩȥϵͳתˣȻԼѾˡǴ˿̻ǲɱҪøࡣ
ӦþĲʵдհɣӦóڻԪϣϾһֱԷԾӣΪԼѾںܲһˡ
ǵˣصȴʱ̵٣ȫȻû˷ɵźͷȡ
ȡ⡢ˣԪڴ档
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ϧһ˹ʥ̵ĽԲĳ֣ں䣬ǱƵԾضûˡ
һִٳɴµĻԪȴ̾ϢһǸ̾˸ֵȥڶۣǺ˹һǿڹԼȡڤ񹦿½ֱ׼Բ˰ɣ
ֵΣСһЩʧȥ˺˹ǿԮĪаʲôأ


586 įѩ
ķ紵ӣɢ˰յĿȡ
ŮԡͰ֮˳һĿҫ۵ļ֬Եߵ
޴ͭӳճŮӵա
һհ
ŮӵǶֶģǵһ̶ȣȴѷֱһ͵Ůһ͵ƯҪ˵۹⡣
Ǽʹ޵۹⣬ҲͭŮӵò
ûӽŮˣһոԡŮˡ
аָظһü֮СӣҰĺ룬ŮǣһεЦ⡣
С벻˿ûӰòʥζҲƾƣòࡣ
žӣÿ顣
رʵڲ֪Լʲô
书Ѿﵽܴﵽ߾磬һĽ
Ҫ飬󲿷ֶһˣЩԼȥʱ⣬ûκε
ºҹĽ٣ΪǴһĵϡ
ãڿ쵽˾ͷĿ䵽ǽϣԼһߣʼûͷûһ죬ͻȥһߣҲ֪˶١
ͷˣÿȥһ߲ҼҪܽЩ߲ꡣ
ǽϵĺѾˣֻȵĶٶˡ
ĺ߶ȥԺһ˵ʹˡ
֪ԼһоǶǴ⣬ûܸ׼ȷش𰸣ʹҲܣ¶ǰ߶ѡ
Զ΢ĽŲˡ
һ̧ϵȹɵУת䣬ȹѾֵϣȫ档
ش£ԼĳָڷҴȦ
ϰ߶Ӧּįа취ϰּį
˯𣿡
ţѯʡ
ƺҲԵģžͱƿˣΪ֪һ֪ĵһѯʣҲֻһϰ߶ѡ
һɫһſ˽
ԿóʱܺÿʹҲܺÿļȵϻԪˡ
Ůû̧ͷֻǽ˫յ˴ϣ¶ɵ㡣
Ƿ۵Ľ棬ϵһɫ˿ߡ
ӵĿ̲סͣƬ̣Żһߡ
ʶܾúܾˣÿһμĿ̲סͣǸ޷ı顣
ڳ￴һЩɶǰԭˡ
Ůûֽ̧һ˿ɢķ˿˶ֻ໥ǳķңԵð
˿Ϊ⣺ҪٰˣҿĪаЩһ̲סҪȥģҲǺöԸģһĪаǾͻߣҲûоǵˣҲʳʱ仹΢ǰһ㡣
˵Īа֣ŮӵĶͣһ£󶯷ңƺҪƳжٸ
΢΢ͣٵĶ䵽ӵС
΢Ц֪ﻹЩŲ£Ѿû취ˣѾһζͣ¡
ŮͻȻ̧ͷһ˫ʯ˸ŵǹ⣬ǰӣڿڵ£ǶԵ𣿡
ᣬŴŴģ˲ɵҪС
Ҳһ£ᴦвԾʣ˵ͷֻдǼϼһ¢ϣǲгͷ֮գѹȣзûд
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ŮƺЩԥ
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Ůӵͷƺ˵òôֱ׳
üͷ΢΢һ壺˵ʲô¹δ¹һУٱĸ˸ңѵôȥˣ㻹𣿡
Ůĺ촽΢΢ţЩԥصҲ֪ôЩʲô顣
ôᣬڲڡ
ûҵ˼˵飬ʵҿҲǿпްˣ˽ġ
ӵĿŮ߮һȦЩô˵ôЩ֧ǣΰҵΪǵˣǲ
ˣҵġ
ŮӵЩӴƿԣ
㡭˵ʲôѵ㲻˵𣿡
ŮӵͷٴεָڷҴȦ־ʣôʹֻһкη֪ԼΪʲôҲȣһ죬ҲǶһݼįˡ
㲻룡
ЩվŮӵʱʱģǰһʱ㻹ֵͦ飬ôˣ¹شǧܰ;ϣҾԲġ
Ůûпͷ΢΢Ťһߣ¶òŵĻߣʹʢŭеҲ̲ס̰شš
ҼȻӦ£һ꣬㲻صġ
һ裬ŮӲԥصֻǲ֪ʲôѡ
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̫įˣӦ뵽ģƺûĿֹ
ӵһ˿ϧһЩʹ
̧ͷǰľɫŮӣҪȥǰɣϾ׽ˡ
Ůӵͷ΢΢ҡͷһ㣬Ҳֻһ㣬Ҳټˣ¡
ⶼңֵز
˵һ䣬̾Ϣ㵱ҲΪ̫įǵģǺ㷢֣ʹǣҲŽļį뿪ǡ
治֪شһ˿ᣬӵʵ֪ϣҪɵ⣬֪㾿ҪʲôҪʲôֻҪ㲻ôį㿪Ŀһ㣬һ㡣
Ů΢΢ҡͷҲ֪Ҫʲôû
ͷ˿΢΢İڶӾԼķ·ʲô鶯һ͵
صغһӲŵˣʱҲûʲô£տ͹ˣȥɢɢİɣһߣҵʲôȤ飬ܿһЩҲ˵أ
ȥ𣿡
Ů̧ͷ۾գ£Ľëڽ׵ļӰ
߰ɣҪп䣬ᣬȥ˵ͦġ
΢Цͷǰʶ꣬ȴ߽Ůӣֻо˸ͲӦó˼䣬磬ע˼įįѩ


587 ֮
ӻƿŮӷţȻعرգ˳ȥ
¹ڵµԣ̧ͷһ
һ𣬼ʹԼҲźܴѹ
Ը⣬ܾͻޱȵ㣬Щˣôġ
ֻ飬ȴԼЩûס
ԶһɽڣĽѪ
һɹһ죬𶯵һ졣
ǳɹҲһΣգֻвòȥɡ
оâһһԶԶ˹
Żŵĸʲô
ˣһЩ⣬㻹ȥɡ
˵飬ҲһЩģ˵ͷ̾͹ȥסûҵκ˲׼
ס
ͷһڵĵƹ⣬̾Ϣһȥ

ԶԺŮӲŻ̧ͷؿڣˡ
ʮ֮˵ʲôڣҲ֪˵˭
ҡҷڴĹӰԼ˼ӣһ΢̾Ϣʦ
Ҳһ͵Ůֻǲ֪Ӻδ
ȥ֡ȥɡ
Ůٴεͷ˵źԼɵ顣
ǸԶٴδʦȥҲܡ
ΪʲôŮᷢʣȺ͸ղһʱ򻰶һЩ
뿪ôͽһڵңǴʦĶ֣ûãǲȥġ
ľѾ˱仯֮ľˣܸоõ
ԶŮĴڲȥ
¸鷳𣿡
ǵģûаնԸʦ֮ǰҶȥǡܡ
жˣûм˵
Ůʱ΢΢̧ͷܵԼͽܵı仯ֱ仯ЩӦ
ԭҲǿԸıܴģΪʲôԼûоʲôıأһʼڡûʲô仯ûԼģûԼʲô
ģǵ磬ͬԼһ
Ǽį
ҹɫţ¹ˮڣ;ָƬ֧
ŮԼ˵С֣Ҫסһʵ¹⣬ȴڵͶһƬӰ
Ӧóȥߡ

ԭһˣǺʡӰѾﵽһߵĸ߶ȡ
Щڳɮ𵽵Ǽģڷչͽⷽ棬ɮɮܱģͽĿһܱ
ԪûʲôưԵҰģȻʱһ֧ģӴĸӡ
ɽܱߣ˸ڶԷҲڶֲڶһ䷽ɲΪ޴Ϊ
ҪᣬɽµҰ̳Ϊ˽ʿļеء
ʱַڽϼ˲֪˲ˣǰһʱɽѩһսһǧ཭ʿڶֵĴһ֣ǱһܣѾһĴ˽
ȻԻ͵սַѾԳΪһʦˡ
˵ӰѾЩС֮ǲɽķΧ

ҰֿջǸΪֻڲˣƽȻҲӴıͣǲЩס֡
ʹˣҲǷǳݵλųϣޣЩµûģԶˣҪԼѰס
ֿջƹģСǶڷ̱ȽϵͽҰΨһһҲṩĿջ
ĿջûЩ˼ɵģֻҪ׬Ǯͺá
һ˵ṩĿջ޷ģΪҰͽ̫࣬ʹ㲻ṩ⣬Ҳкܶͽòͣһֱ
ǽ첻һˣЩ˼ǴȾƣ⣬ֿջ治Щ鷳
ƹĺ͵СĽͣܶ˻ܹǵϾȾƵĻҵĿջȥ
ЩƽԷĿǣΪսĶ࣬Զˡ
ǵ½ֿջò͵˷˲١
ҾЩò͵ˣҲǲϵ߳ȥ
Ϊڣкܶ಻ʱ˵ˡ
һȺµĽΧڴ룬̸
ǵϣڷžƿ淢ζΧ˶ϵͽ׷׶ܡ
Щ˿ҲΪ⣬ƿԼˣһŵϣΧȻŭǶ˻Ǹŭԣ߾Ǹɴѡ뿪۲Ϊ
ʦ֣ỹҪܿʼأ˵ǲһ
һѯԱһ΢һЩġ
ʲôѽʦѾȥˡȻ˼ҵ⣬Ǿžˡ
ӿģϦˣұҪء
˰ɣһ֪ǵ㻨ӣ޷ǾСȥɣ㣬ʹǸģҲҪȵʱʦǵߵġ
ЩĵƱһ۹ʾĴɨһȦ˸ںǶӣʼ˵˲ŵصʦ֣ǽǰĹ°ɣʦǸ㽲཭𣿡
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ʦܼˣʦ֣Ҷ֪ˣ˵ƯŮ˭
ʦƺܱעĿܱ˵˺һӣźܳƨصֻ֪һ֪ԹӢѹ˹أҲǸˣֻҪˣûвϲŮ˵ģҲһֻһְˡ
Ŷ£ضˣϲһƯŮ˰ɣ
ûǹªŵӣʦ־͸ǣǶϲŮ˭
Ļû˵꣬ջĽ棬һһۣͷҵӰв˵ĿͻȻͣһ¡


588 Ĺ
Ұֵĳ̶ģЩԽҲݬ룬ʲô˶УָϢҲǲ
עģЩͽ¡
Ľ¾ֺһЩˣλɽ£̸ֵ˻ࡣ
֮У֮ڵһš
Ƕ֪ǹڶĸ£ûмǸʦֵ˵ܶ˶Ȥš
ջڶûˣǸʦ⡣
Ҫ˵¶ѽǿǽˣ֪˻ûмʦҲʦүģɼ̳ˣЩһ㶼˵ã㻹ĵʦϲȻ
С˵䣬ͿʼŪΧʦǶЩˡ
ʦ֣ǿ˵¶ɣǶ֪δػˡ
ʦʶҲ̫һǺðɣͺ˵˵Ҳۡ
Ƕȴţûע⵽ǽǴǸҲֹͣ˶
ˣ컹ŵĻҲһʮˣСͱֳǿϰ츳Ϊĺ
ʦ֣ЩҶ֪ˣѪӰ񹦺ͻѪħħ̽Իɱʮ㻹˵Ҳ֪İɡ
úã˵֪ģǣһʮΣһʮΧɽħ̳һʮǲܣԶݣʮ׷ɱ޹
˵ˣЩҲ
ڶߵڶγֽʱڣʶ˶һΪҪˣһŮˣΨһĹҷ׷Ůˡ
ڻһȦʦֵصǲ֪˭ɣǣǾǽĵһˣȽҹ
Ƚҹ˵أ
֪֪ǰĵһ˶˵ðݣϵ¾޽С
֮ڣмЩʶģ̷׷׽ӿڣʾ˵Ƚҹˡ
Ӷڼ䣬Ƚҹһģչ˷׷󡣡
˽ӿˣⶡ书ߣô
书ߵף˳Ҳǿ㲻ֽʱ򣬿Ůģֻߣûп˭һֱҲһˡֱȽҹ֮󣬲ȥģҲԹӢѹ˹ˡ
ȽҹǲҲϲأ
ʦʱƺһڣર죺˵Ҳ֣Ҫ˵£Ƚҹˣ˶ҲҲ˭ˣƫƫȽҹûпƾ׷󣬶ǲΪڶĴ̼󣬾˵ĻѪħҲȽҹĴ̼²ģҲƾһһٽԲɾµһġ
ԭȽҹĴ̼ѪħͽԲѽ
ǰֻǺųѪħ׷ȽҹʧܣĻңȡͻƣȻøǱҲ˺ܴĴ̼Բ֮󣬾ȻһҹͷӴԺ󣬲˰׷Ѫħ
Ƕʱ¶һȻı飬ԭ׷Ѫħĳƺôġ
û뵽ⶡһ֡
ȽҹҲ̫˰ɣϣϲʲô˰
ҿû׼Ƚҹʲôëɣ㲻ʯŮ
ڳ۷׷ףȫûע棬˾޴Ķ棬ҧ촽Сһ𣬹ؽڶЩס
ʦֻ⡣
Ƚҹܴ죬ӵĹŹ֣֮˷һɱ˵ʱΧʮַ֮һ¡
Ƕעˣǽˣǵ֪棬ֻ֪ɱʮ֮˭Ҳ֪ȥˡ
ʦ˵ƺй¡
ɱʮ֮󣬲ûзȽҹİʲô׷ȽҹʲôΣһʱ棬ܵĲá
Ŀ⾼ؿʦ֣ûһ˿ȥ
Ҷ֪ʱҲоŸ˰ɣҽ̣ɮᣬоǶϱĴ֣Щ˿ħ̵ĹǸˣλϺǶ˻һϵеĲá
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ﰦȥˣҲ޷Ҳʦ˵ã˹ҪܵѪħͼȻ󴫳еķ˵һ仰
ʲô
˵һʧˣ֮Ļڱ֮գʱת֮ʱˮ֮УҪس
ʦֵĻ˶Ǵһ
ʲôʦɲҪ˵Ѿʧһˣôܻس
ǰǸħسĻǽ˵ĺѽ
Ǹʦʱ¶һ˿Ī⣺Ƕû仰ɣҿȷеĸǣھ붡ʧѾ쵽һˣسҲԶˡ
ѽʦ˵˰죬û˵ȽҹˣҲû˵ôӽʧٵأ
ΧǵĿⶼ䵽ʦֵϣʦƺעĿЦһ飬ҽҪ˵ص㣬ʦԴҲɲ꣬˵ǴҶŷɡ
˵Ƕɱʮ֮󣬲ѡȥһ£ٴȥѰȽҹϣõ˷ģȽҹƺأߣżֱ
ǳ֣ѵܺͶȲɣ
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Ƕ˻Ӯˣ
ȻѪħ𽭺ô꣬ĳ߻治٣ѾΪܶĲˣȻ־Ҳϣʧܡ
սܹ죬˵ûսܣȴΪȽҹģˣֻôģΪʲôԺҲûгֹЩ֪ˡ
˵֪ˣ
ҶƺȥȽҹ֮ǰѾ֪ˣ޷˵ȥˣǶλɴ˿ɼȽҹˡ
ʦֵĻΧ˶겻ѡ
û뵽һѪħĵһŶȻҲΪΪȽҹԭսܡ
һЩĳߣȽҹЩˡ
һʦ֣Ƕ˵ʲôڱĻ֮գʱת֮ʱӵˮ֮һʲô˼
仰Ҫʹֵ̽ģѨ磬δȻ仰ǲǶ˵Ѿ޴ӿ֤ھ˵仰ʲô˼أ
ʦֵĻǶڤ˼
仰⣬ƺЩĩսٵζһӵˮ֮Ǹ޷⣬ҪôӵҪôˮƫƫ˵Ҫӵˮ֮гⲻǹŪ


589 Ů
Ա߷ˣȲ˵ôģҾ֪ôسΪʲô
̾˽ӿڣ⻹˵𣬶سһٴһͼҵˣħһ֣ǻ˳߲˭Ҳ
ͬҿδأĳһط˰Ļ书𣿻ܳưԽǱˣʧʱ򣬲ҲһԲĽϣɲֹһԲˡ
ǰ໨ĪаЩˣԲˣһƻЩ˵Ķְɡ
Ҳ޳۵㣬ɽ˲ųһֱ˵һأڼʹҲǷⲻඣ
Ǹʦ»ˣ˵Ĳ²⣬ƺЩмӡ
Ա߾˲ˣô˵òҿӦӣ㲻֪ѪӰ񹦺ͻѪħĴ˶Ѿ𣿷ֱǶٰ׺Ͷӣħ̵һԱˣĪа£Ȼ񹦴ȥˣôû书ˣ˵ˣҿ¹ͷӶû˰ɡ
Ҳ׷׸ͣѪħ˵ѪӰǿһģû˵ѪӰ񹦵˳֡
˰죬Ǹʦֿˣǰһ֪⣬ѵǾôȷسһΪٴҵͲе׷󣿡
׷ʲôϰ֮˲ͼȵȣ˼ѵ˵
ٺ٣׷µһǵһˣҲûôڽˣ磬޷˵ȥ׷ȽҹˡΪسôҪĿ꣬һǸǵŮӡ
ʦֵĻ˵ƺеЩһʱ޷
ǰѵ׷µһôЩҪġ
̾ϢȽҹδ̫һЩҪǺεˣֵö׷󣿡
Ҳ˵ҿʹţʹسҲδؾԸѵȽҹϣҲسֻǵõȽҹѹϢء
Ǹʦȴ֣ŮĹһЩפġһﵽ׼ԲԲ֮ҲഺפͲϵģЩŮӣҵȷķ
˵ģܵóأһθ׷һٶ꣬Ҳ˼ѻˡ
ʦͬһ˵Ĺ۵㣺Ҳġس֮ǲҪ˷ˣ²ʱˣΪΪĵطˣȽҹô˵ҲһŮˣ׷ˣѵһֱͲģҲţΪһɹġ
һȺһԣһͱ˵һ
ʱǸڽİ˺ʲô޷ܵĻһһվ
󡣵ƫƫÿ˶ͺǴ﷢һ
̶ͣؿǸվİˡ
ۺܿ󣬿˵Σһ޴ĶңĿڵסˣǿݡ
ΨһܿģɰɫĴ꣬ǽƺ۾ܸо
ߣСɾµ°ͣԼҲƺӫƤ
ÿλλѾɶ칤Ҷ߽ģﶼɳӣһ˾һŮӡ
ҿ϶һŮӣǱ¶һ绪Ѿ׷Ȥ
ڣһ֪ͻȻվʲô
Ůվ֮󣬲ûƿҿˣ˶һָоͺһֱڱһоǳĹ죬˵ԭ
ﱾſӵģ滹ڷһˣһСİ׷ֻûгԼڡ
Ҳӷˣ˵
ʱУʱĪǿܿ϶ɹ
ᣬģ崺֮С
Щ¶ݵͣЩѪͽһ۾ﶼһ˿ᣬǷĵᣬõĶȴٻ˳
Ӧôʹ˵Ǻܶ뷨
ǸʦȷӦѾһڵĸֵģҲǿһ̷Ӧ̲סڱ粵һ䡣
ǴҲڲ²⣬ΪȽҹسôɹġ
ŮûзЦôƽˮڵİˣΪԼѰҼУ¶س֮ʲôǵ飬ǹ˵Լ飬ǾøȫһЩˣ
Ƕסˡ
ò˵ŮӵĻ˵ǵĿ棬ǻǵ鷢
£Լ˼˼ڸĿ־塣
һ̱ŮӺ˵˳Щ˻Щ˼
ŮƽһҲ˺ܴѹ˶ǲ˼ȥĻˡ
ǸʦȿڵλƺҲؽҲûж٣δ̣سΪȽҹڵʲô
ǻǵĺˣΪȽҹӦسԺҲǸ׷ѪħһУҪȥԵģСԼɡ
ᣬȴ˵ǣţЩ²İɡ
ʦֱ粵˻²ҹͬˣҲ겻һ֮󣬶ȽҹȻаˣͻС飿
ǰ޼۱ѵɣϲȽҹɹĿܻǺܴģĶⳤģȽҹôҲŮˣܻ᲻ϲ
һСңܶöٶ
Ǹʦֵ£ЩҲ׷׿ڣ֪ǱŮ˵λôģȻ̬ȳһ
Ůƺܲϲֳ棬Щһ𷴶Ĺ۵㣬֪ôˡ
С΢΢˼£˵һ仰ôŬҲûõġ
仰ǲͬؿЩ˵֪ش
Χ˵ķԣŮƺЩΣҧһ촽Ҳϵı飬Ҳǲÿġ
ˣ°ɣɹġ
ӵˣȻͬԼĻ¶ŮӺһվӯӯȻһȻȺ֮Уȴ˿˿¶ڲơ
ŮЩ̸֣֮䣬ƺһسƵģ̸۵ģҲбˣΪŮӵ۸Ǻ޸ݵģس£ʵһЩ
ŮҲٰ߲ȥٺۡ
ʱͻȻһţӷ𣡶ҲˣԼ׷ҲǺ飬ҲãҲգ֮ңʧ֮ȽҹϺһҲûȷķʽˣ֣ƶɮǺ⿪Ҳܴٳһ׮Եأ


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һ䷽ɿǽһˣȻһҫ۶ĿЩĽٶǿн˶֪ġ
һзǳҪһ㣬һ䷽ִ񽭺ԺյĴɡ
涼ʲôﰡֻҪһɮҲǺԲĸ֣Ҿ˵ںԲˣɮģڣҲвˡ
һ䷽ɵļҲ𽥱֪гһǶڶľ֣Ҫ˵εĸ֣ġ
ܶΪµһˣԲħһ
ҲʲôˣҸΪһѾԲˡ
ӶôǿˣΪôܲûĦõһƴʦ׼ԲΪɣȻ书ߵġ
ȻҲһЩмʶˣΪһ䲻ԲϾֻһǳǿ׼Բ
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ʵԪǽڡľ磬֮£ҲҪжٰǸˮƽ
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֣ûԪ澪һӵĺȻشﵽˡľ磬òǶһس˰ɡ
˵飬Ԫ;ɽܲʲô֡
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Ԫ˴Żףɫȱ۹⻷һȦ䵽ǸŮӵϡ
һۣģǸӻԪӦһ߳ͷ
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Ԫ沢ǺںںģŮƺԶ˽⣬˵Ƚҹ˽⡣
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ӷλŮʩƶɮǵ̸ƺ㡭
ԪĻû꣬ŮͻȻߵǰ
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Ԫ΢΢ü⻹лԼʵųŵأ
ǵǸɳĮʦԼһ£ʦû˳ѽ
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ջˣԪ֪ԼûмҪҲǴһˡ
ѹͷɻ󣬻ԪЩ˵˼仰Ȼͷ¡
˵Ǹﵽĸ֣ԪҲȥѰˣǸܵĻղŵǸ˺пܾԼҪҵĿꡣ

ֵͦģ˱ƽʱ˺üϾҪˣصͽǷ׷׸
ɽ·ߣˣܶǸɴϯضӣɽ¶ӪΪ³˾ˣǶȥ㡣
Ҳнģͷģͷţ˵ʲôԸܵõʵֵġ
ȻµķҲˣͷϾô˭ǰй涨⼸죬ǲͽġ
ͷ˭ȥϣڻûиһҶǴ⣬ռطˣȴῪʼ죬ռݵƣһ塣
ɽ϶ӵˣǰˣֱɽ˺մǧʱûô
кܶС̷ľռλãȻǷţҲܶžȫϮϾһǽ󿪷֮ŵġ
Щͽϴ棬ҲҪһЩʵģЩ̷ǵ
Ԫ˶ǴŻʩ񣬱ʾޱȵء
е˸ɴֱӹĤݣûԪ浱һˡ
Щ飬ԪҲ޿κΣһ·ص˷Ժ
ҲסһЩʿǸɵĳţԪһЩ˼ˣһЩûϾ֮ڣֵûԪѾˡ
飬һϦ齱
˽ҹϦˣҲǻԪ齱ӣ齱˵ǳһξһˣԪ治òӡ
һǸŮӣƺܲ򵥡
ߵʱ˵һ䡰ôˣûԪЩͷ
Ҫʲô
ǣţԪû˶˼
Ҫ֪˻Ԫصµڣǳȡϴ辭֮󣬻ʮ߱٣νһǧѾĴڶżֻҪﵽڶ壬ò˼գܽͯӹˡ
Ԫ沢ֻŽϳ齱
ɻûеϣͻȻ棺ɣħ̵ˡ
Ԫ˫Ŀһħ̵ˣԼûħ̵ˣʲô


591 Լĵط
Ȼ֪ħ̵ʲôƺĪаЩǰģһʹߡ
Ԫͷ
һ˽Ԫһɲ
ɲʩֺ£
ɲɲǻԪħΨһкøеˣ̬Ⱥܺãɲ¡
ɲԻԪɣһɲǸһϢ
Ԫɫ糣ƶɮ˵Ϣ޷ֺû޳˭֪һǺ»ǻأ
ɲͷǣ˵ҿҲɴһЩ鷳
Ǿ뽲ɡ
ʥ̵ĽĪа֪ͨ㣬˵ϵҪͷɶĶһ
ʲôĪаҪƶɮĶ
Ī˵ˣ񽭺ϵɣֺʥˣҪͷһߵֳͣ˭ǵµĵһˡ
ɲĻԪһʱ仹ò׼Īаôġ
Ҫ֪ĪаԲˣѵȷԼһĶĶ
ֻҪԼܲսֵأ
һ룬ԼӦĻҲĪаҪŶٰ׺Ͷɱ˰ɣ֮£ԪɽܵڶҲδؾһĪаǡĸɱ¹˭ֻδؿ֪
Ͼֵһ޺ҲһЩɹ
֪ĪаĻ϶ô򵥵ġ
ѯʵĿͶɲȻɲɣĪлǾ֮ĶĶжעġ
Ԫ汾˵ԼǷ֮ˡ׵ЩԼԵǻ߻˻ȥЩǲҪ˵̫Ϊá
Īƶɮʲôأ
ɣĪ˵ˣĶעһͼѪħͼĲ֣ŷɲܾעɡ
Ԫﰵ̾ϢһĪаǻѡѾµԼкܶѪħͼЩͼǾŹ״еıԵֻ֣Ĳ֣ѪħͼĹؼ
ھŷѪħͼȷʵǻԪġ
ӷ𣡼ȻĪĶעôƶɮ˵ĻҪĶҲѪħͼˡ
ɹȻǴˣĪȷ˵ã˵ˣӵа˷Ѫħͼӵһһĸǲģõİ˷ݣĲͼ壬ȱһݣӵа˷Ҳ塣
ĪǺƣĲֵѪħͼȷʵѪħͼĹؼڣûмһݣõٶҲ壬ƾΪƶɮһӦ̫һЩ
ɲûʲôŭ飬־Ǵˣ̵ĪĵģһЩ˵һεĶĶǲƽģΪɲԲ˵ˣսĹ棬òһЩ
Ŷ˻
ģĪ˵սĵصѡµ䳡ʱ˵ļ֤֮սҪ󣬾Ƿܹ䳡ڵֿһʱ䣬ôˡ
ĪаֵĹ򣬻ԪЩɻ󣺡˵һʱǶʱأ
ʱɲóһССɳ©ŵϣɳ©ϣܼĻô㷽Ӯ
ɳ©ɳҲ٣Ԫ濴ɳ©ԼӾˡ
˵ĪаԪ滹ûô˵ӶֲԪ滹治š
οѪħͼҲǱõƷȻ֪ĪаǴǰԼǻԪ滹ǴӦ
ȻĪ˵ˣôƶɮǲӦδ̫ˣʱ򽭺һƶɮĺƶɮӦˡ
˻ԪĴ𸴣ɲûʲôϲֻ̾ϢȻˣ¾Ԥף쿪ʤˣʱĪ׼ʱ
ɲǣƺڻԪʤá
ɲߺ󣬻ԪĬһһζĶʤ㡣
һԪЩͷۣϾսⲻǱʵҪٳķӣڶԷ˽̶Ρ
ȻǺ˽ĪаսʽǻԪţĪаӲܶԼ˽ȫ
Ҿ˽ĳ齱Ԫʵ
ʱ۵˻
Ԫо۵Ϣдϲ
ЩԪһֱý۵۲찢Ⱥͻ۸ߵʲôطˣǰһʱͽ˺ϱ߽磬ӦþҪˡ
ý۵۲һ£ûƬ̾ͻˣΪȺͻ۸һ·糾͵ģѾɽؽ磬ھɽ·̶ѣ
Ԫͨ۵۾˰Ⱥͻ۸յӣǧɽˮظ˺ܶ࣬ƺһЩ˺ۣɼһ·Ҳǲô̫ƽ
ˣôԪͽϵһϵͳ񣬾ȡ˵
ǸʱҲеһؽ
ʱ꣬Ԫ㹻ţ֮ԼʵһķԾǸʱҲηĪаҲпܡ
㰢Ⱥͻ۸յصʱ䣬񣬻Ԫǲɳ۵ȥȽģҪԼߵ
һʱ䣬Ԫŷ֣ʱ򣬺ܿ³˵ϣǰҹʱˡ
ǸʱԼĪаĶĶˣҲˡ
΢΢üԪ˼תˣҪȡһֶˣЩֲС

峿ӣģνĳĺġ
һƵĹȻɮεоҲֹرɽŵʱˡ
ڵͷ׷뿪ҶùأҲˣΧɮǸ֮ȫ߳š
Щ˶ԶŽһλãǶǷǳֵġ
š֨ѽ֨ѽعرգæµһɮҲ徲һЩ
ϵͳĳ齱ʱ仹ûԪ汾һֱ齱ʼģͻȻڻԪߴ
СģķŸоһϢǳǿϢѾ֮ڣ
ʲôˣ
ԪҲЩģʾģһԲĸ֡
ҲѰʲôطϢոճ֣ʧˡ
ƺЩΣϾոշ˽Ҳˣ˵Ҳһǳûӵ顣
˶֪ǰоǸˡ
ЩţǻԪȴûиоôš
Ϊһָоˣƺûʲô⡣
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ǸŮ˵һ䣺ôˡ
ʱԪڽӶԣû룬һ̣ԪȴͻȻʶʲô
Ϲһ˿Ц⣬Ԫ߳˷Ժ
һ˾ĸ֣ԼôҲҪʶʶΪ
ŲʯϣԪŶԼĵطȥ


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µԺڣԪԺڻصĻ
ֻȡУԼҸ档
ȻѾʶ˵ǿԼóĽܲսõġ
һԪҲΪһҪսŮӳֵĺΣȴδֳʲô⡣
¹£屻ӰӣԪ˹ǰ
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ǿĵĿİۣǿòľ޴ңڲҰ׵¹£һֲʵĸо
Ԫ滺˹ȥŰŮıӰɽ迪·ʩ֪𣿡
ΪַɣԪڷ滹һֱ𾴵̬ģֱӴݵվֱЩﲻ
ŮûлͷشԪ棺ɽҿһԾ迪·Ϊ˺˵һЩ飬ȻҲ𡣡
Ԫ΢΢üŮ˵Ļûй֮⣬ȴû뷢ĸо
лͦҲܲѧ֪ǸĶҲ뵽Ҫ㡣
Ůƿ佱˻Ԫ漸䣬ǻԪûдһ㲨Ҳ֪佱ĻǼ⡣
ŮӺͻԪӵ䣬һĶŮַʽ߻Ԫ棬Ҫ档
Ԫ˼ЩԼûĻ߽϶ôԷʲôʽԼأ
ȻҲŵʱ򣬻ԪٴοڵŮʩƶɮҲҪ㡣
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˵ŻŮֱ˹ǰǰһǰŹ
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Ҳǿÿһ˶ֻʱԴӶ
ҪڰŮǰʳ
˼ԪĿ䵽Ůϡ
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Ůָתûʲôͣ٣ƺ֪ԪҪôˣصܿͻ֪ˡ
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ŮƺʶܶˣҲ֪ܶණԪȻԻش𣬵ܸоһ
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΢΢ЩǴ˵еôΪĪǴԼ
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ƶɮ
ԪûףǸŮ˵һ䣺˵ôЩŮദĶôãѵ㶼ۣ÷𣿡
Ԫﾪ㵣ǰİŮְ
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Ҳ˵Ůûһ򵥵ĻһЩӵ˳
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ԪѾŮӵһЩ̬ҲԸ񣬸ɴֱӵ˳
롭׷׷ʲô
ŮָͣͷϷ֣ص˻Ԫһ䡣
Ԫԥصƶɮܻף׷Ҹֵ
ŮӺǲ̧ͷǰĲĺУΪԪ˵ܶණû뵽ԷȻ˵ǻס
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һλðףҲֻǸˣհɡ
Ԫȷһ£ȷŮӾǲԼǸˡ
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仨̣֡ƶɮʦһΪİɡ
˵Ż۹ɨŮӻ޶ԡ
ǻԪҲ٣絣ͻԲħýŷɥ治֪ʦν̵ĵӵġ
ŮƺЦһ£ȻԪ濴ȷʵоԷЦˣǲûʲôı飬ԪҲȷԷݡ
ǻԪ滹а취Īаĸ꽣ƾԲҲħ֮ɾͺܴҲ֪໨Īаˣ˭ʦгɾ͵ĵӣ
Ů̧һͷƺ˦һ³ͻȻʶŵĶң;ֹͣˡ
ԪĻûʲôЧ
Ԫ治ɫԶӣɽǰ֪ɮǼ𱲷ƶɮͽôʹʦȽҹҲҪƶɮǰֻǲ֪ǽʦأʦأϵ»Ȥ
Ļδ䣬һֱ̬ɣͺͻԪİŮһ٣ǹɵɫһ¾ʧˣŭһ˦ͷݺݵذ˻Ԫһۡ
Ԫ΢΢ͷûӦ˿ӦȷһЩˡ


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ԪΪԹɫı»ǺܲģǰŮӣ˵ĸоƺʲôν
ʹԼѯ໨ѯʶ磬ƺҲĵѯʣȻЩģǾû飬Ҳ˵ûзġ
ԸˣȾҪôΪո޷öԷģôʹҲǿ
ԻԪôһ취ͨԶķʽڱһŮӡ
һйȻЧŮӺݺݵص˻Ԫһۡ
ɫĹӰ㱼䣬Ԫˡ
һۣҲͬλá
Ҵȥ˻ûд
þķɻֿ㶵ʱ̣ܶȻؿһ£ƶɮıȻ߳ȽҹҲϵѹˡ
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ڶȽҹˣԪй룬ûȽҹôһԸ
ʹ̫˽⣬ǻԪҲܸоһĮˣ˵ܹĮġ
ǰɮһãԪҲ
ţġŮһԪҲһ֮вһߵļࡣ
һɵŵԪºȻŮʩҹǰӦòƶɮ໨ԼĹϵɣ
һһЩ顣
ԪղŵĹֻǶݵӰָһӣƽܺ
ȻˣŮʩܽǣƶɮ֪޲ԡ
ڿջ㣬ҾһԽˣ˵˵Ҳôģһ뵽ԺͻҲûлˣ㡣
Ԫһߣô϶ԼһĪа
һμԼȻͿ϶Լһ˵˵ˣӻڲͬһ޹˼ɵ˵ˡ
˻Ϊʲôأ
ŮͻȻʣǽԪһֲûб׼𰸵ģһǧҲܸһǧ𰸣дֵģûȫظġ
Ԫ⻹һоģš΢΢һ㣬̧ͷߵ£˻ûѡ飬ϣͻᱻıʹţҵĻδʺ㣬ĻҲδʺÿ˵׷һΪʲôҲһ
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Ԫ治Ϊ⣬ԹԵص˵ʵҲ֪Ϊʲôţû壬֪һҪֵػţġ뻹ףһҿ֣Ҿôˡ
ֵػ𣿡
ŮЩãȻ㶵˰ΣŶԻԪ𣿡
ʵҵĿ꣬ǿֵġ
ǰԼʵŮӣԪﲻԾľȻЩᣬŮ˵Ը֣ƺֵ֪ζ˵ŲûĿꡣ
ŮʩҾҲӦǿֵġ
Ϊʲô˵
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ΪеĶûУеģõܵõӦñҿ֡
Ůû˵һ˿ãȻ
ԪߣҪ̧һͷܿĻԪ棬ȻҲڲסĶǵĽڿŻԪĶ
ŶԷеãȻԪôͷǹͷӵĳôûиģһ㣬ҿ֡
Ůӵ΢ɲĶһ£ûԪ˵ʵǻĵԼŮˣǺУôȵ
ԪƺûʲôԾҲӵĳȴӵҵĹͷֻҪ룬ȥͺһˡ
˵ŻԪ滹ڱȻţʳָָȻΪģŮӶͷϻ£ƺҪһ
ҲǻԪı˵߱Ȼ̫ˣŮӵԺȻ뵽ԼɹͷӣȻͬʱҲ÷ǳЦ΢Ļȡ
ʵĳڴĶ棬Ԫ滹ܴ޽ǵĵطǳ˳ھ˵˳ȻһЧ
ͷЩŮ΢΢Ц̫ˣԪĬĬ߶ǰһٶǧҪסס
ͷͻȻһԪ̧ͷмˮ䵽ϡ
죬˵ͱ䣬ղŻ繳ôһ򣬾Ȼˡ
ԪȴصɣˣҵĹͷܷ紵㲻ͷôĶң㲻Ӧñҿ𣿡
ŮӵıٴһЩɶصͷ˵òôԣĸоһ֡
Ԫ泤ĺһʵıѾһЩˮϾԼԵģһǰĴһԻĴڣԵͬʱҲһѺ
ˣҲˡ
ŮӻվⳡͻЩոոܵһ̸Ŀ֡
ԪͻȻڵң£бϸ겻飬Ŷңź²ӣغСɡ
Ůͣһ£촽һ£ҴŶңغ·꣬ұǰɣ
ġ
ŮӵѧԪ滹Ǻοġ
ҵĿַһ롣
Ԫ滹ûиŮӵ˼ͻȻǰһڣŮӵĶҾֱķ˹ԪȻֱӴԴϡ
æĶҷһ£̧ۿȥʱǰѾûǸŮӵӰ
ǵýҵĿֻҡ
ҹ֮дԪתۣȴ֪Ůʲôط
һεαˮӿƮ䣬䵽ԪŶҵϣһΣŮˡ
ҴͷժԪЦһȻŮӿȥƺûʲôΣգ˭ܱ֤һֱˣʵԶԼ˵ﻹЩ۵Ļš
ʱɣǸˣ
ĻʣԪЩصûп𣿡
ûУǸһֱֶֹĵĿ̽ĿһŮ˰ɣ
Ԫһ£㲻ǿô֪Ůˣ
ٺٵЦһ£ȻǸˣȴܿɣ̿ˮĿǿģǲһŮˣһ൱ŮˣԲԣ
Ԫһǧﴫɧˣϼһһٶ꣬۽ëǿյģûʲôˡ
ҪطԺͻȻϵͳʾϦȡʱ䵽Ƿȡ


594 Ϧȡͽ
ϵͳʾ֤ʱѾҹѾϦˡ
⻹꣬Ԫ沢һгȡǸһ޴ڵ۾ǷطԺȽϰȫһЩ
ٵػص˷ԺڣԪ֮ժ¶ңӵһߣǿؽҷ£ȻصԼ̨֮ϡ
Ѿڶʾ齱ˣԪֱӴϵͳת̡
ղźͰŮӵĿɣʵϻԪ滹ЩģҲôƽһʱȻֵ˿ʼ齱ûпƷʲô
ǳ齱ٶһˣɿתһȦһͷ˺ܾúܾûгȡĴˡ
ڣȡýĻȽϴ󣬵ǻûô˹Ҫȥоʲôֱӳȡһ
Ԫ漤ش˴
ƷûʲôˣĽƷֵģĳһࡣ
֮󣬵һƷûԪϲ
Ȼһöѧ
ϳһö߼ѧʵҪſųѧԪмģһöǵöˡ
ųѧԪӵеһųѧˡ
źûԪˣæ鿴ڶƷ
ڶƷɽġľ
õƷԺ󣬻Ԫ棬ϸ۲죬ͻᷢ֡𡱡ľС֡
ٳȡˡˮ𡱡֣ôԪɽҵͳˣȻҪǳǿֲ֧С
֮ҲһõĶԪ˵ȥƷ
Ʒһһ㡣
ԪѾۣڰڿԪҲǾòԼԲĲѾˡ
ڵĽƷҲԶĲԪ涼ûѡĲƫҲҪʱȡ˲ĽͲӦٴȥĲܿһС
ôͳȡ˴ȻʵǺܴ󣬻ԪҲˡ
ܿڶγ齱ȻԪǻúõؿƷоһ£Ͼ鿴ƷҲһҸ顣
⡢඼ԳȡˣԳȡ߲ˣһλԪ淢֣ѡ棬ֻǳһ㡣
Ҳ˵ĶʮһѡѾʮŸ
ֹʮŸԪϸ鿴ŷϵͳתĽˣһһֵġ
ľҲһһֲ
þҲ书Ҳ
ʣһΨ󽱻ڡ
ۺڣؽΪһ
Ҳ˵ϵͳת棬һֻʮͼ
ûпôٵͼԪһʱЩˣѹָղô׾ͳȡ˴ԭϵͳչԼôĶȡˣǽ󽱺ͺõĽѡ˱ǸԼ齱ˡ
۹ɿʮͼɨ󽱺ͷ㣬ؽ⣬ʣİ˸ͼֱǣһ࣬һԺƣһò磬һֻ޴ĵ׶þ̨ɽþķħԼղϰ
ûرʵĶҲûرĶ
Ԫ濴˿ղѾһδҪٴд󽱵Ѷȿ϶ǲСԴӳ齱ڣûйδ󽱵ʱڶεĳ齱Ԫ沢ûб̫ϣ
ղһȡ͵õ˴ԪɴַһΣ־͵˳ȥ
Ҳ֪ܵȥˣԪһֱȵϵͳʾ
ȡķħǷʹöĲܣ
Ԫ۾ԴԼƵƵֵķħ
һмѧ㲻ڵʱȡôԼЩãǵ˽ʵѾ𲻵̫ˡ
˵ʹãҲһĻѧʵһЩԼһѧǴɾ磬Ҳʲô
ǳȡˣȻҲܲҪǸǷĲĹܣԪЩԥˡ
мѧһǲĵģǵʱмѧǼˣԪɴһģˣ
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ŻԪ滰һ䣬ϵͳâɿ˸
ҪĲôķħȥղˣԪ澲صȴһĲˡ
óһʱûʧܵĻԪʧˣٷ֮ʮʤʶӦľǰٷ֮ʮʧܼʡ
ķħʧˣԪ˸ˮһա
΢΢Щʧ䣬һϦ齱Ͳôˡ
׾þսˣԪҲǺܿĵ˹˳־׼Ϧĳȡ
ͻȻǸµһµɵԪ룬ûйرϵͳǲ鿴һĽ
һβ鿴µ壬ǰ滹ĸɣֵ֪ˣ
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һʱ䣬Ԫ޷϶ʲô¡
ħӦԼǰ棬ҲӦԼǰ棬ôԼǰλģ
Ԫ治̫ȷΪ֮ǰĸģôأ
ԪɣԼֵʵǲѾԽħأ
ħĪажٰף½ĶӣԲ֣ʵôҲӦԼ֮ϰɡ
Ԫϸؿ˿ϵͳͻȻһ뷨ϵͳѾµҿɲԲѯǰأ
ϵͳʾ𣺡ԡ
ûϣģû뵽ϵͳȻˣԪʱϲ̵ϸҲѯǰһ
ϵͳشܿ촫µڶڣ
Ԫû̫ľ棬ͲµڵʵǷȻµڶǣⲢϡ档
ѯ˵ڶԪҲһ˿ģڶĪħµһˣ
ԼֿɾΣˡ
Ƿܹѯµһһ
ϵͳʾ𣺡ĿǰֻԲѯԼǰɺͺɡ
ϵͳܾԪЩ̾µһɲԼĶ֣ƫƫ֪˭
ħˡ
ħ̣Ԫ滹治رģֻҪԼһʱ䣬Խħǳ顣
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뵽ո׼رϵͳԪʲôٴζϵͳһ䣬µĵһأ
ڻԪ뷨֮УҲµĵɣӦ䵱ؤʲôİɣϾ仨̶ûˣҲûʲôˡ
ϵͳĻش𣬻Ԫʱˣô


595 ֵ֮
ԪܶԼ֮ǸɣûԼ֮ɾȻʥ̣
ӵԲɣôʵҲ֮£οɵͽҲǼࡣ
˵ħΨһµĵطǾǵڶݶӵĸ֡
ӣҰȺͻ۸Ҳ֣ôʱԪߴ״ӣڶսͬʱڻһ׼ԲֵĵڶݶսǼǿġ
෴ħȺʧȥ˲ˣݷֵ֮󣬵ڶݶսѾ£õóֵģҲɲɲˣ⻹ħ̵ų档
ħϵǸ̶ȣѾʲôˡ
һһԶЩˣѾڣͬʮ޺ͻޡ۽ЩҲҪڵż
˶࣬ҲѵֵһԲ
ԷԲֻһˣԪôҲܳħ̣Īϵͳֵ㵽ʵ
ħ̱ʲô⣿
Ԫ˼⣬ɴҲͲȥˣϵͳȻ𰸣ôһдġֵۺʵȷʵѾʥ֮ˡ
һǾԲġ
õϢ֮󣬻Ԫϲû뵽ôʱطչڴﵽµĸ߶ȣҪɾµһҪԽɣˣ
ΨһûԪЩĵģǸ֪µһɡ
ڱϾüţǸµһɣԪȴûһͷû˵ϻһʵôǿɡ
ʵΪʲôΪ֪أ
ȻԪ涨µĿһԽڣĪавҲü޵ġ죬ĪаԼսӣͬҲ־ʱ̡
ʱĪаˣĿĵȻҪĿ֮ԼȻҲųڱʱ˳ָɵԼĸ󻼡
һεĳ齱ȻҲ˼Ƕʵս󣬻ԪӦԴ˴ΣҪ򵽼ǰֵȡ桭

۸ʦ֣ЩߡЩߡ
ͷϴŷڣϴŴֲɮۣһ˫ţƤѥӣԭõЬѾڽϾʱ򶪵ˣҪʦȥˣȻҪһ㣬ܱЩδıʦʦܿˡ
ôҲһӣõ棬ȻʢȡģʦԺҲöֱ׳ġ
ǰĻ۸ǿǴ˰쳣İȫУʦּ汣һ·ûչԼ·һЩ۵ëݿʲôģʦһִˡ
ڶս⽭ݺˡ
۸һƤȹ¶һֻ֪ʲôطһͷϴһ顣ߴͬһ㣬ǿ
Ⱥ۸εػͷźǸõС
һ·Ͼһ鷳ΪӢӣֵ׼ҵӣûٱŮ˿ϣҪԼһ·ͣ˵ĸ˼׸أܿܺӶˡ
۸ղͬڰȣֵˣԪඥԺһֱշ֣ǲǵˡ
һ·ϱۣ۸Ҳ첻
Ҳû취ˣ˭Ҳֵ׼ҵأҲԼʦܣ۸ļҲܽ¡
ʦܣ㲻ҪǰˣȻҲߵôɽѾԶˣ·̾͵ʦܲ𡣡
ߵﻹŻԪľŻȣտʼõʱ򻹾ͦ磬Ǵǰʢƣ·Զأһ󣬰Ⱦ;⻩һεľŻ׸ˡ
Ҳˣֻһ·ɽˮǰ
ģıʯҲ׸ҪҲʦ͵ģ罫Щʯժ̲ˡ
ϽۣŽҪ̲ˣһ·ֻпԵ֧֣ϴľիҪװϽԣζ
ʦҪ޷⣬ġȡϽʲôðôԶ
ôǿ찾ͷˣʢƣʦˣҲ˲١
һͷڣȿ첽˻۸յĽŲߵ˻۸ߣʵʦ֣˲ˣĿҪɽ˰ɣ
ǵȻǲǴ𣬴Ҷ˵ɽˣֻǻûկɽկɽ͵ˡ
Ҳԣ⸽ѧϢŨѽҿܶ˼Ҷз滨㣬𣬻е˼ҹġʦѽ
ٺ٣㿴ĲûЩ˵ʦӽˣֱӺͷ湵ֵͨһУǶǷġ
۸˵ŻЩ԰ڵĶ԰ȵʦܣǷ̵ķԴأ˵ܷ˵ģǻ˵£Ƿ̷ԴأôҲûһأ
ȻЩҲòͷǣǣΪʦʦڵĵطȻǷ˵ĵطˡ
˵۸յͦԽֱˣصҲʦʽӣʦұţĦȣǷ̻˲֮һɽҲʦҵĵˣʲô۵˸㣬ʦΰƽ
ȿ˻۸һۣڶԷٻӺЩˬʦ֣һ·ϵëҲƽʦ֪硣
ʲô˲ϲߣ˵Ե·˰ɣ˸鷳ʦ־ͱ۵ţʦܿЩӵ
۸˵⻰ҲܴţΪЩ˶ɮµˡ
˵ոհɣһɮｲ£ھɮΧ˳ݵ񣬻۸վͿŵˡ
Щ˲ֵͨĵӣݶյ𾴣Լַ״ӵݣΧ˻㰸Լѽ
ֻǿϧԼû¶Щ˲֪ԼݣףΧ˿ԼƺҲûж֮⣬оԼηĺУƵġ
ڻ۸˵̫ܣԼɽȴҪԿʲһ޴ܣ޴Ҹȴòѹĸоؿڱûš
Ҫǻǣܵ˶ĵطһһ䷽ɵͽܣ
ǿѹͷҸ԰һµ۸ЩƲֵǰߡ
Ѿɽֻ·̣һԴСسǡ
Ժ󲻾ã۸վͷǰ治Զһط¶ˣΧ£һȦӡ
һֱϲ򱧲ƽĻ۸̲סˣæŰǰȥ
󣬻۸׵ؾͼ˽ȥ
ȥһмһյأмߣ﷢һ򶷡
£ʿڶͨ˽Χ
۸һһɣǿСΪ̫ˣ¸ǲ·ˣԼΪֵӣв֮


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۸۾һɨЩ˴Ȼ࣬·油٣ǼȽϸɾؽлӡ
쾳磬ԲȻ֪ʲôɵģǾˮƽڻ۸յʲôɵĶν
˽ȥ۸մһӷ𣡹컯֮£ڸʲô
Ǽڴ˵ʿһ£۸һʮ㣬Ȼ֪˵ĹһɤҲ֪СƣҲûҿںͷ
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Ī˵ɽ߶ʢƣǺҲǲģһŪǵֵĺУǲ̫
⼸ʿ̽ͷ̽Եش˻۸һ̽ʵλʦӺζ
۸ջûȻش𣬺߰˹
Ȼ书۸գǰ̸¼ʶڻ۸֮ϣôҲõӣѧ࣬պ˵вʿˮƽˡ
˹ǵʩȻǴģλǲԵġ
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˿ȾͲʢˣӿ϶Ǻ޹أ˵ٸǹЦǿЦЦǽ£Լһװ취ʲôʱ͹ٸϹϵˡǾͲҪˣϽ
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ɽҲǣֻ뾡쵽ȡ澭ǱôһҲܲˡ
۸ոǶ԰ȵʦܣ˾ͲҪͿ˭ĹߣȭͷʦŹӣѵѵЩ֪ߵغĶ
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ǼȻ֪۸յˮƽһҲҴ⣬ڳӭս
̫͹۸յˮƽˣڶ壬ڽҲ쵱˫ûмغϣĸȫ۸մڵء
սһ㶼ʣֻǿǸзɿسȭţһһԷĸ˾Ͷʹĵز
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֮⼸֪˫ʵĲ࣬ӲĲУֻñɵŻŻ۸ˡ
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۸ս⼸ˣһ㶼û񫣬ĵȭͷϣ⼸ٴ
ãðֺףָҵţȥڵĳϣʰ㣡
۸ûʲô֣⼸ȴҲҶ֣˺ݻҪһسӡ
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һԷҪȥҾȱ۸շϲöԷϽȥ
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ΧΧ۵ʱ˿ʻ۸ˣλʦֺ𣿡
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ԭһʦĸͽѹֱôأ
Ҿ˵ǿɿ϶֣˼˼ȭͷɳȭͷ㿴ûУ
ۣǸʦҲֵ𣿻ء
Χ˵ۣҲͦţƺСȻʽӣҲЩ
ˣʦʲôŰ
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ΧмҲǾȥֵģֵĹ֪Ĳ٣һ͵Щİһ䷽յͽ𣿡
ǣƶɮʦѾˡ
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۸ԥһ£ûнȡ˵ϾʦûзԸӦùġ
˵£۸ֻõģƶɮʱ䶼棬ֵʱ򲻶࣬ûҲġ
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ֵĻ۽ʦǺܳģֵʱҲܳˣʶҲܶ࣬˵Ѿﵽڶ壬Ϊڵľˡ
Ⱥ׷۽ߵ˳м䡣
۸üͷ΢΢ֺˣȻԼҲģǱϾһ˷ɻԪ⣬ʶˡ
۽˵̾ͶԻ۸պͰȵݲ˻ɡ
ˣ˻ֵźΪĺеӻСȻɽðֵӡ
۽󣬻һȺɮֱĵӣģ﷢飬̾͸˹
۽ı⣬ǻֵڸôǾһ£û뵽ȻðƵֵӡ
ȻоǰĺйԼ֮ϣǻ۽ҪάֵϣȻð䣬̾˽
ӷλʦ˵ֵӣôƶɮûм㣿
۸ЩԻش֧֧صƶɮǷ˷֮һҪ飬Ҫɽȥˣ죬λʦ־ͻ֪˭ˡ
۽Цҡͷƶɮ淽꣬־ûвʶˣôûأ
ԱһֱĵҲվ˳۽ʦ壬ðƶĲôǽˣɽɷɣ
۸Ҳ¸ֵӻɽҲҪȥߡ
λʦ֣ƶɮǻȥԣؤĵˣɷƶɮٸأ
ĪҪҽʱˣðֵӣҪбֵľ򣬻ٸ߰ɡ
ֱĵҪǰͻȻȺһ
ðȻһðƶֺУӻ治СһζҪѵѵ㣡
ȺٴηֿЩܵؤӷأǵ󣬸һȺؤվмһؤһֻۣһɫĹӣƵضŻ۸ա


597 һ
ؤϷ죬һĸ֣ڽҲ쵱
Ǹʱڶ壬ʹսݷ˫ɮᣬֱ綴ӡ
ؤϷҲڶ壬ֻĽʮĻ̫죬򹷰Ҳڻͨڶûô⡣
֮ڣ޼ƻֶԸ磬Ϊʮþȵ飬ȴԪ˾֣ս֮ʧȥһֱֻۣԴԺӻؤŲ
һ쿪ʼžͲʲôˣؤҲǽ£ٲµһʢ
ղΪؤ˲Ȩȡһϣ
ղѧϰµĽʮƺ󣬸һٵؤĸȨС
һڼ䣬ϷͻȻسμֵˡ
ָɷȻµһʹ˫֮䲻еڻҪеģø˵лĻᡣ
ȻԪҲûָϷԪ滹治ϡ
ҲûΪƫƫϷľˡ
Ŀʼ֮աϷģ컹ûߵָֻ֣ĿԴȴ˻۸ա
۸ղ֪ϷҲǻ۽֪ģ֪Ϸһ֮ĶԹڼϷԺ󡣻۽ɫ
û뵽ϷȻˣ˿˵ֵĵˣ֮Ȼûյκεķ۽ܵؾ͸оЩ
Ϸ켴ʹһۣҲԼֵܵġ
۽˿ɮֱĵӡһϾܣǵƥͣسǳ̷֪ͨϷϢзЩ׼
ֱĵЩԻ۽ʦ壬˵ĻҪô죿
סϷ죬ʧȥһֱֻۣ϶˲ȻĶ֡һģ֮׷ˡ
۽ô˵ҲûףܲסǹǺ
Ϸб۾˻۽һۣٺЦСУ𣿿ˣʵϽлӵҲ
۽治ɫصϰô˵ɣʲôܵģؤֲǳ˵ϻ
˵Ż۽۾Ϸ
ϷվһŵؤﳤϣϱӵĶУԽ࣬ؤ֮ڵĵλԽߡ
Щ棬ûΪղӡ
Ϸ쿴˻۽˼ͻȻЦһСУղӰɣ
۽һ£û뵽ϷȻԼ˼
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ղԭ׼ҵӣԪʦźؤʼʱûʲô˻ɣǺղӵȨԽԽ󣬼ϷѾʰղӾЩˡ
ΰѾԶˣϷѾȥںˣһһֵֻĲз϶ѣʲôʱԼʮƴɣǽ̨ӡ
û뵽Ϸһжۻָơ
Ϸȴûпղӣɴ˿֪ղӿǳʲô顣
۽Խؽɵ´Ϸ죬뿴Լûкһս֮
ϷҲ۽˼ǲм𣺡Сͺ¿ҪˣղǸСҲ֪õ˭洫ٶȷ˼˽ʮƣһڣҲϷУʵǲҪóˡ
˵ŻϷ۾һ˿ݶһͺ¿ʧȥһֻ֣һϽлҪʮٱĻ⼸СеյϢɣ
ңɲŹģ
һֱСЩ̲סˣв
ٺ٣ŹңһŹأһĪԳ֣һͺ¿ھҪˣܶʲôвϽлһξͿô
Ϸ˵Ż۾ɨ˻۸գŭͺ¿Ҳ֪ðģȻؤӣξһǹ
̸ؤĵ̷ɢʮ˽ֵļΧסмҲΧס˰Ⱥͻ۸ա
ʱ򣬻۸ղҵ˵ĻᣬԻ۽λʦ֣ȲҪ˵ƶɮǲֵӣʹǣµľƺǸӦһ¶⡣
۽˻۸һۣ˵ͷȻͬһߵˣؤϷǵˡ
۸տ۽ͷˣƵ£Ͻлҿʵǿǿ²УҵĹ򣬺ôǿһ㣬סϽлӣȻͬ뿪ŶʦܣаȣģڷǷǳǳҪһˣΣҲҪ֤İȫ
۽ȻЩɣ֪Ԫǰһµģǰ˵ôȻ治ܳ¡
۽ЩɵؿŻ۸գ˵ϽлӲöԸҳϣĹƺҲɡ
۸յͷƶɮѾﵽڶ塣
۽һ˿û뵽оȻ˱졣
ǻ۸ȴҡͷЦ㱾ҲʲôϽлӵʵҪҡ
ᳬ㣡ɣ
۽Щ
ȷʵңѾһ׼Բĸˣ治һֵֻĲзϾȻݹ
˻۸յĻ۽֪ǰϷһʲôĸ֣Ȼһ׼ԲǲǺһʦһˣ
ʵҲֻзɡϺʹĦһʦܺƥˣ˽ԲǶ֡
ʵԼҲֻۡ
û˵Ҫ뿪ĻϷѾͷˡ
ͺ¿˵ûУʲôҲ𽻴ˣŵܵظ֮ٺүȥ˵ɣһߣ
˵ԺϷ콫򹷰һһ壬ȻԻ۸յСͺ¿ȻܿϽл׼ԲҲ޷ϽлѾ񹦴ɣɾ׼ԲȻôʰղǸҰĵСӣҪһϲһͺ¿һϲģٺ٣һ׼ԲҲˣˣڿʼķȰɣ
۸ɫأ⻹һһ׼Բĸ֣óڣûʵˣû뵽ۿ͵ˣȻôһѡ
ʱѾû·ˣһܳ£ֵЩͬҲܲܣȻûɽʦġ
ϷһӨӨĽ⣬۸һѾﵽ˻ϽлӺԼƷ۸ջĿԽ
۽ҲòӲͷƤǰȻЩɮ󣬿ǿΧʮؤӣǸо׶༪٣ġ
ǧһ֮ʣͻȻöŮ
ףǲǻ۸մʦ𣡡


598 ֮
۸ΪԼĻþҪ֪۸һģڳʦԼ֪⣬ҲͰȻһЩ֪ˣʢӦûʶԼˡ
ƫƫ˺ţ۸նʱһ㶡
Ͱȶ˹ȥǱҪֵϷҲͷȥ֪ʱʲô·ɱĳҧ
Χ۵Ⱥϣɫɮ۵÷ǳۡ
мһˣ񻣬ɫɮɮñ˹ɫĿˮҺ죬ӣղǼ־˵á
Ůӿȥʮ꣬ߣվһСãҲǳķױԼʮ߰ӣСòʹһЩá
ǰСòͬСöǴУɮñıԵ֣ƵƤ˿¶˳ļãȫ˹ͷüĿ֮Ϻء
۸տãһ£һЩ䣬ˣʦôŮӣȺիˡ
ԼãǱ˺ʦЩ׷ɱ۸նӡֻ̣õװһʱûϳ
Լʦ۸վع龴أҲЩֹʦŮԵþͲ㱻ΪʦûǷݶġ뿪á
Ǹʱ۸վΪʦŮˣҲǺ֪
ʦصʢƷʲô۸ղ֪ǽͻȻɽˣ۸ձܵؾΪһǺʦϵ
㲻ãʦɲܵˡ
۸֯һԴǣ˵ӷ겻ʦһаãϲɺذ
۸յĿ糺죬ҲòװûԻ۸յ۸մʦӣĴùˣһ·಻ٰɡ
Ҳʩ뽲䣬ԱߵϷЩͷˡ
ϷؤιյĸֻʶЩҲ֪ˣĴŮ֮һȻʶ￴ͻ۸յ˵ⲻǴȺիôҲμµǵĻϽлӷȰ㣬·ǱߣйȥˣҪκˡ
Ϸ˵Ҳǲ졣
ǰȺիȻôڽ֣Ǻ;֦ͬľȶҲǶ֣Ƚ֮£ȴǱؤһЩǸʱϷ첻˵ʲôںʹȺիˣͶˡ
˶ֻҲСŮӣȻҲᵱ׷ɱ۸յˣϷ˵̷༥ϴô磬ɽҲҫҪ۸СŮɲؤĵ̣㻹Ϊֻˡ
˵Ļûʲôĺдĥ˿ܻоϷϽ
ֻ죬ϷѾֻʣһֻ֣ҰǺܶĴͷˡ
ϷЩˣŭصһݵĳѾͷǴȺի仨̣ϧ໨仨̶סøսǴȺիѾΪɥ֮Ȯ˺򣬻ڱǰĪ˵ˣûҲҪϽлǰͷ
ϷȺիʱһϷ죬ȻҴȺիѣ񱾹ƴȺիҲ裬ո˵ǾҪۣ
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Ϸ첻мؿһۣȴû¶
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һ̣˾͸һϲ
ʦãλϣ󣡡
ߵǸСǵԪȥ˴ȺիСѾͷҲһЩҲڶ壬ŵµıٻ̱ʡ
һѳǶ񽣣һĨˮĺ˸Խ
ĸãҲǷ׷װγ˵վ
Ϸ죡Գ书ǿﵽ׼Բ磬ǽվҴȺիĽ֮ذɣǵĽΣýСˣ
ʱϷ컹ûôǿֻһڶ壬ĸǿһЩڣȻҲ㲻ˣܺԼ⣡
һ£ĸҰȥϷ׼ԲȻûκεľ⣬˫սȻͬһ㣬ɽһ͵
񽣴һ磬Ľ˺ëһ֪ף
мһ֣֪ûУȻ˹һȴ̫ˣϷ춼һ亹
ԭѾͷ˽İأֻӻ̣ȽϵͣŶ񽣣ֲˣĽϷ춼òСӦԡ
Ӳ˵Ľ棬Ϸ㣬ֳ򹷰׼
ĸѾ˹һγһн˲佣ƣܾ磬˸޷֮ͽϷУ
Ϸ쿪ʼʱЩдû뵽ɵн˹һʱ׼ԲȻҲھԵ·磡
˾֮еĽ𣬶޼᲻ݣңϷȻһҲӲӣֻǲͣܡ
ҪջԱĸǣƣǱԾΧؤӶ°͡
Ϸһǣס۸̾˾
ߵսŲü룬õĽ̫óȻˣ۸һĹ򣬶Ըղ󣬵ǶԸЩؤӵĴ򹷰Ǵ´ˡ
һϷѲ̾ͳ˳ȥȭߵŵ߰˸ؤӣЩ˲Żع
ߵսòˣЩһӵϣ߰ĶŻ۸մ˹
۸ջͷԻ۽Ͱʹһɫ̾ˡ
ڲߣʱ
Ҳ࣬ﻹ׸۽һȣλʦ֣Ǹ۽һ뿪Ҳã
ս֮лһ䣺һߣǷɾԲϣܵ˺
۽ʶģȥִ֣һʱ䣬ȫ˵Ļ̶һߣǵس⣬Ԯ
Ҳ֪ǳҲﲻæ̾͸Ż۽һǰ⡣
ϷһǱضнһߺһҪߣֵĵ̶˾ͻȱģ
Χؤ̷׷ǰ
۸մȺɱ˳İʮҲû¶Ƶģƴĵڻ۽
۽ҲǸϺ赲żɱؤӣڻЩսˡ
ϷһʱЩˣһ򹷰ֵĺͷ糵һȫķ񹥻˵ʲôҲҪ˵˵İΧȦԲЩߣһЩͺ¿ͺ¿ΣյľͲǶԷؤˣ


599 һ
Ϸƴ˳ɹҲ˴ۡ
ڽеλҪģȻĹͣǶڽ񽣣ȴϷв
Ϸս˻ΪհܱϷûʱˣòðճԵһʱһ޷ܣֻʹô򹷰񵲡
򹷰ȻͣҲֵܵϷΪء
ؤôˣ
ϷȻޱۣһθ񵲸˻ᣬŴ򹷰ѣνڼ䣬ɴʹһǷɹ˵ĺ󱳡
³һѪǳû˽ֱ۸׷ɱȥ
۸պͻ۽ӳȥûжԶͿϷ׷۸֪ϷĶ֣ҲòϣܶϷһ
Ϸʧȥ˴򹷰۾ˣƫƫûлȥԸǣŻ۸Լŭͺ¿ҺϽлԣվ
˵ĵһʧȥһֱֻԺЩӵƷʺˣƫƫȴøΪԲ˽ʮƵһƣҲɴ˽׼Բġ
Ȼ۸Ѿֳ˺ǿսϷҲģԷԽӲԼǿһơ
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ϷĻû˵꣬ͱһشϡһƺϷһ
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Ϸ쿴˹ȥԱߵĻ۽۸աȡˡԼΧ֡ؤԼؿȺĿͶǸ
Ŀ죬һˮѾ۾Υˡ
Ա߷˵ˣҲĿתؿ˹
Ⱥͻ۸ո鼤ǧɽˮĴð浽ˡεģˣǽؿţΨһΡ
֮ϣһͷ⣬ҫۣӰ䣬лˡɵĳôƮݶ𺳣һķ塣
һֻ޴Ľ۵֮а裬գǴģڳϷһƣͽϷˡ
ص˼Ԫ濴·Ⱥ΢Цڵȣ۸գǶ˿Ϊʦβݣ
ͷŸ߸վڳ֮ϵʦȺͻ۸˫ϥڵأ׷״ߵݣߺӰȣ۸գʦ
ӷǶһ·öˣɡ
˼վ۾ģŬգţˮҲ˵ˣԱվţġؿʦ
ԪٴνĿ䵽ϣ겻һпɰã
̧ͷӨӨɴʦһжãڴȺիչˣӹúܰġ
Ŭѧ䣿
صصͷУÿû峿ƻ裬߲򽣵䣬ڹ󡣡
㣬ǻƻ֮Ҳܵ飬ܴ˵˯Ѿôز١
Ԫ汾ǽ̵䣬һȴЩ죬૵صиֻƻ֮Ҫ
ŶΪԼ𣿻Ϊ
ĵؿ˻ԪһۣŬҡ˼ͷȻһСĽñ˦ͷ˿衣
ŵñӴȥûлشԪĻǸղһ˲ķ黹Ǿ˺ܶˡ
Ԫ濴ɫһƺ뵽ʲôûмʣǽĿ䵽˵ϣƴȺիˣ
ǻһ˿ѪǸղźϷսʱܵˣˣ˻ԪŬվǿվţԼǱӡ
лɴʦģ˴ǷɴʦķԸһֱŬʦѣֻе˴ȺիΣֻǹʦһʵ
ԲӣƶɮˬӢˣüüĿ֮䲢ûʦɱ֮ȻδʦһΪһţֻҪʱգôȺիԲǿջ
лɿ佱ֻʢڷȺիǳ֮ɣʵڸо㡣
˽ݣ޽ǵ˿ԪԼ˵Ļ
ǸʱԼһ˳ƴȺիֳΪͬˣҲڽиԮ֡
ҪΪȺիţȾǳң䷢ΪᡣǰĺδϣȴҪն˿룬ʵһ̵顣
ȻӦˣԪ滹ܴĻ
ûʽңǻԪȴ֪Ȱο
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ԪĳƺӹĽţ˵ɫһҲصȥ
Ǻãܿܽһƶɮһ·ɡ
Ԫ˵һһڹһӣһͨںڵĵҩ䵽˵С
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۽ֱĵӣЩɮʩش
Ԫӵϵ˭ޱ𾴣ɵĽ̻壬ǾǷּ
һһ˵ԪĿ䵽Ϸϡ
ӷϰ
Ϸ̧ͷŻԪ棬ִϿΪϰߣĴӵҲϳȥ˵Եöƽƽ
ңԼһɵͺ¿ԼһƣԼٴȥǸɾͶˡ
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ϰԶɽǹֵӣƶɮôҽǣ
ߣϳְѵѵЩСͺ¿ǵңᣬ̵ܽӣϽлԸ͡
ϵôΪԽѵֵӣʵֵӰȻϰʧȥ֮㵽˿ͷȴû㵽βν㲻ˣϰ춼㣬ɼѾˡ
˵ŻԪԻ۽۽׼һ·һϰϣһû·Ҳûµˡ
Ϸһ㶣һͺʲô˼
ԪɫȱӸµصأ


600 򹷰໨
һ϶֣Ϸ컹Ǻܽġ
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ο׼Բľ磬Ѿ㹻ϷԺΪڽһˡ
һ䣬Ҳѿ֮Ȼ㹻ˣǽǾжţг𱨳㵱ںȶһۣվ㻹ծ֮ʱǷҲǽյĹʱµ򡣡
Ȼ֪Ҳ֪ʧȥֱۣǵԶΪʤ۸Ůӵĺʳʧȥֱۻ˼ڸģԴСԸֵӺŮ֣Ȼƶɮ˵ϰܶණǲܲҪġ
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һͺֵȶؤ֣ѵҲóֽѵ𣿡
Ԫ濴һۻ۸գȻȻƶɮ΢һ㣬ҲóĶߣΧܶ˵ƶɮҲ˷ؤȣҪԹ磬컯գĿϰߵڰ׻һ㡣
ϷͷһۣȻΧ˶ǶؤŭĿӣϾǴȣ۸ղųֳͽģʵ
οַɳ棬ǻԪĵߵڰףΧҲԻģϾԪѾĴڡ
ֻԪ治Ի飬ôϷ춼ûᣬֶΡ
Ϸ첢óۣοǺͻԪ涼죬һʱЩӲϻ
ʱ򣬻ԪΪؤ˼չɣȴһŪıƣںȵʱ˻ˡղؤŹ֮Ϊ˷չؤ˴ȻŪȨ˵Ⱥĵ飬ؤ֮ҲǺְ֧ɡ
֪ղӣ
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˻ԪⷬϷʱЩˡ
ҪͶĪаʲôܣǱϾ²ܹڲܹԪڴǽƵ˷˼⡣
㡭ͺ¿˵ʲôؤ۷ʲô£Ƕ޹أ
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ԪһϵĴ˵ЩţϷ첻֪䣬ﾹȻЩˡ
ôƶɮôȻִԲƶɮͲӲȻɽǾͲҪȥˣղе£Ϊؤ֮Ϸ㣬ǰĵɣ
˵ɽʮƣֵﶦʢȥϣ
ƾӮģԶģϧϷһˣȻ͸ϵǹµѾһȥˡ
ϵ£˭书˭ƾɣϽлӵǰҲãֻҪſ£ڽ£˭ǵղ˵ʲô
ԪϼһۣգգȻʩִԲôƶɮҲ޻˵ƣκʯͷôƶɮҲֻвȡػصķʽȽȥȻ˵ɡ
۸㶵ؿʦܸоʦϷֵģԼĻֱӳִſ¶Էˣʲôأ
ͻ۸ȣȷܿԪ˼Ϊӣ֪ҲȻ۸ն࣬׻ԪΪ˵ǰҪһʦ
ϷŪϽлӣȻȡһϿԷĳֵɣ¾ʦĿġ
ڻûиһɣͲ֪ˡ
ԪĻ˵Χ˶Щˡ
Ͻлǲ֪ôɴʦĵȰο죬ȻһǷӣҲǷĳãһˣͶʰˡ
Ԫ沢ûдӳϷôվţͷԡ
ϼ죬ƶɮһᣬƣñ
ϼһ᣺ԸʲôһģϽлӾãô򹷰ѵȽϺʡ
˵ʶڱһ˸գŷԼĴ򹷰ѾΪʷˡ
ջصһۣԱߵؤһ֣һȽͨĴ򹷰䵽
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ϼɻĻͷΧսˡ
Խôʮֻ飬Χսɲˣˡ
˵ĺᣬ´󻹵ݵĵϢѾָˣԪĻ̾ˣֱӾͽ˳ϽлӣĹǽĲ
Χ˺ôЦɻĬﻰ⣬֪ͽϽлӸˣϧһ֪ء
ϼʱŭΪΧЦˣߵؤҲЦˡ
ЦãԼ˻ЦϼϹҲסˣȥЦԼĵһţһſ˶ԸеʱôûãھȻЦң
Ԫһ˿ɫˡ
˿Ԫеظܵ˿Ҳ˻Ԫ˼ѽнʲô𣿿ûˣİ˭ӵ㣿
һ˵ϼһͷȥΧؤӣȻȻվԼ󣬵ȴڲزס
Ȩϼŭ˭Ҳң洦ã
ݵļֽۣʲôĹΣ˵ϰⶼ򹷰ľѧ𣿡
ϼϬˣ˴ŭ𣺡Ѿͷٺ˵˵ʰ㣡
˻ƣ⻼ϼһЩǱ
ߣ߳ŭˣǹѪͷ򹷰ĻǶ࣡
ԪվڳϿͻıݣǺЦѾͷ겻ǳ١


601 Եȵս
Ϸ챻䣬ֻЩܲסϷԪЦ޵ݣҲ˸ղ˵ǽĻˣԾϳǽֱԪȥ
Ԫ˫ֱƽצ˹Ϸ죬ȴţǽδ򣿡
ȴͷٴβ
˶ڸղŴԼϷ޵ǣڲ飬ֱӽ򹷰Ŀͷ˵˳
ãȴͷ
ԪŭȡѾǰϷˡ
Ĵ򹷰ոջ˫ŸոأԪ͡ŲƵǰʩչ˫ͻϷ̫Ѩ
׺ݣʵͽͬϡ㡣
ϷҲô򹷰ȥԪˣæͷ
ոյͷԪġ
Ϸ켱æոƨɣ֮յĶ⡪ţͷѾǼˣгʵǶ
ΪƨɵĶͲǰ㣬Ԫֿٵط¹ȭֱϷ°Ͷȥ
ּ͵Ϸ޿ɶ㣬ֻõ֡򹷰¸񵲣ϣסԪ⡪ȭ
Ԫǹ˿Ц⣬ȭͬʱ֡ƾͶϷ˹ȥ
Ϸ˿ƨɺǰ㣬ֵֺԪġȭ˹ȥֱӭ˻Ԫİơ޴ɶֵ޿ɵֵ
Ķ𣬻ԪֱӽϷԭתȦͬݡת
ȴͷӣ
˵ĻҲż£ǸϽлʵڿɶΪ˳ˣҲſġ
ϷͷͣðǣҲ֪⡪ʹ˶ǰƴϵģǴ󴸴ϡ㣬ǽϷ쳹״ˡ
嶼ܿƵתֱȦͣϷ챳ԻԪ档
ٴβ
Ԫ濴Ϸƨɣֱ߳š
˵ղŵġƻԪֻʹô⡪žʹʹȫԪ½ϽлӴˣɱˣϻԪݺֱ͡
ġҲϷܳܵģԪɱ̫ǿֱ߳ӽϷ߳ȥ߰Զͷתģûʲô֮»гԶ
ˡ󻶺ɾϽлӻצúݣ˰ɡ
˸溰˳ϽлӣйʺǴ򹷰ľɣð
С˷ܵͨ죬ȫ޴Ⱥիŵ
ϷʱҲ΢ˡ㣬ȻЩѣ˵Ļȴ
Ҳûܹô谡
ѪͳƤٺ񣬾ôصġҲǹˣϷϻۣԺ滹ЩղǡȵҲݵġ
ϵʹȣϷܵĴ
ǿΪؤҲǽϵġ֪ԼѾˣǰܵķǳѿûл֮İˡ
еսԶԶԼ֮ϣĪ˵ԼˣϷɣĪаܲսʤҲδ֪ˡ
Ŀ֮£Ϸҵſţ
Ĵ򹷰ǶԸˣ򹷰ϾǡСɵĹ򣬲ɱУǿǽʮơ
ԣٲΣʹǿĽʮƣͻԪƣʯ٣
֧Ϸ˦˦Դ
ݺݵضŻԪ棬ϷڵϣǴӺ淢
ͺϷƲնҪָ
Ԫ治мؿϷ죺ϰԸΥ仰Ǹ׼ģʵĲɣ㡪鷲ӣСˣԺͷ湵ͨƶɮᲢֻۣ˵Ϊá
Ϸ򲻷ƣʮʽʲô
ϷĽʮʽڻûʩչͿԪվԶ˫ֺʮȻ΢΢ſ޴ĽɫdִƮ˳
dУǣԽԽ̾ͱˡԲľ޴ּնԼѹ˹
ӷնħϰŽ̲ģִԲƶɮֻʩչͨȽˣΪ˼䣬ɣ
ԪдʣԺ֣γ˳ȻɫȦж֣ݣЦڳ·ڼЦǰϷ첻
ѾӽϷ첢ûбԪķⷨŵǸɫdִޱߵѹ
ͷɢѪϷ֧վƾصطƣǡdֺ˹ȥ
죬dֻǲˡ£΢ͣ٣â΢ˡЩǻصضϷѹ˹ȥ
֮෴ģϷشˡٴε
ԪɿԲġd֣Ǹոս׼ԲϷܵġ
Ϸ嵹أƺҪٷƣԪȴͻȻڶϷسɷ𣡡
͵س˳ȥ̺ʨӺͨѾ˼ɱ
ϷܴңԪ˵УƾͲ֪ͣ
⡪ͣ£Ǹd־صѹ
䣡
ǽƺҡΣϷ屻ҵ£ѪģĹѾ飡
ȻĹڣǺ֮ܶѾΪˡˣķˣ
׼ԲıˣոسȴԭĳصĴΪ˷ˣϷ⡪Ѿҡ
ԪûٿۣǽĿ䵽˳ǽ·
·ѾˡƬǱԪķⷨǡdͨǣϵоԺͷ湵ͨˡ
Ҳֻܺͷ湵ͨˣҲֻзɣܴ˵Ȳ֮¡
ԪǿЩؤӣĿ棬ɨЩؤӾɪɪ
ӷ𣡶ţϷѾƶɮȥ书Ҳܵؤ֮ղӵ²ż汸ԵΣֻϷǻȥ֮󣬿Խղӷųΰ飿
ؤĶ϶ȻԪֱؤЩϷǴ˿˭ָ˵ء
׷ϷѾˣؤҲûеΰʸҲֻղӿˡ
ؤﳤ໥ˡۣ׷׵ͷ
Ǿͺãղӵΰ֮ؤﻹ˵ġɣΪѡ
Ԫֱӽ˵ļҲˣ񶫷粻ڣ³žѡӣʱܶҲöˡ
;ؤ飬ԪٴοȺͻ۸ա
Ƕˡסޣ֮ǰϵ£󡣡
ӽʦ̻壡
۸պͰӦǿûеΥԪĻ
˺ûȻԪ˵ֱӵҵȻǰֵģͷɹġ
á
Ԫʼնû뿪ǽˣ׼뿪
֡У۵Ԫ˵񱳣ƺʲôصк֮£Ͻл˲ᣬȻȥ书ƶɮҲ塣
˵ꡪֱ̧֣Ǵ󷨽Ϸ˹Ȼֱնȥ
˶ͣظ̾ɾĳðԵ˶ôȱ


602 ȡ˵
ԪϷ뿪ֱӷɻ¡
ԴӿϷ֮󣬻ԪͶ˼ǵˣԼȡĹûκεѹҪ֪һ׼Բĸ֣ڻԪĹмġ
Ƚ壬ΪѾʧȥ˹ȻߣٽκãĹûˣǻԪļƻ
ϦҪĪаˣһݹͶһݱϣԪ¼ȱĻ
׼Բĸ֣һܷŹġ
ص֮󣬻Ԫֱӻ˷Ժ
ǸϷһö󻹵ĹƿκãֻҪһЩʱա
һϷ쵤ڵԪϲ⣬Լûչ׼Բǰһڶ嶼ΪˣԼܴˣ׼ԲԼǰһ
²˳٣ԪֱʩչǴ󷨣Ϸȫ˸һɶһ㶼ûи£һ˳ƻϷĿܣԶܸԼв
֮󣬻Ԫֱ濴صĻϷߣһЩСչˣƺתֱ뿪ǡ
ˣѾʹҲûκôвˡ
Щ飬Ԫ濪ʼĬĬ
ڤϷ׼Բͬ˴һķǣӿʼֱӲһ߾ڶ壡
ĽڤǻԪ浱֮ĵһ񹦣
ӽڶıڤڶľڶͯӹǻԪµȫ
ٴţһͻ׵ֱﵽһ
Ԫ滹ûͷŹȫһɱС
ڻԪ֪ˮƽѾԶͨ׼ԲԲĲѾǺܴˡ
ȡ˾һѾ㹻ﵽԲĲˣͯӹڣôҲ޵ĽӽԲ
ȡһڶ壬ôԼıڤҲﵽڶ塣
ڱڤͻƣǾҪٴ׼ԲԲġ
ʵٴν֮󣬻Ԫó˱ڤ񹦵ؼ
ڤ񹦵һҳԼһǾһƳûпУڻԪ滹ڻԼ۾֪Լûп
Ҫȷһ¡
һҳǿհ׵ֽٴγ֣Ԫ潫еϣٴϸع۲졣
תһ壬Ԫٴۡ
ĿհֽٴγģּһΣԪ濴һЩҲȷ֮ǰĶ
ģģѾԱϣԪ濴֣Щĳȡ
ԶȻԼĸǣһŹԼδ˸ġ
ȫе֮ҲʼһЩģС֣ûбִ񹦵ֻԻԪˮƽȫС޷
ǻԪҲԼڵĲߡܿ书
ֻҪӵԲ书Ϳȫ鿴Ǹʱ򣬾ǻԪʵʩԼƻʱˡ
һҪ죬Ԫ潫ڤ񹦵ؼ
Ѿ˺ܶˣŸɵŶУֵûԪӼѾˣҲֵУڷԺڴ
ʮ߱ٶȣϻԪʣÿһջ޴ģһֱϣԪоԼڶͯӹɶģҲֱͻƵˡ
ر˵ħ̵ѾҰĪаԴǰ
ԪͷӦûʩչȥ̽ĪаĪаҲû֣̽˫൱Ŀƣȴľս
ϢѾ˳ȥϵ˶֪һĪаľս
ȴձĲһ䡣
ĪаԲûвԲܺԲģʹһЩž޵ţҲܴɡ
ܶΧ˶ĳһʤļһʮĪаһһ
ʹˣҲû˭ȥѺһʤӻ𱩵ѺעѺһֶܼ೤ʱ䡣
һȱǮĻԪҲˣҪǺĪаս¹ش󣬹ϵѪħͼչɴĪаȻԼҲȥѺһʣ׬ȡһ졣
漰ѪħͼԪһҪȡʤʹȥѺҲҪѺԼʤ
ڻóȻسѺעڵȻСǻûжԸĪаľ԰գҪȴȺͻ۸յص
ȻѾ˰ȣϵͳ涨Ҫȡ˵񣬾Ҫȵ֣Ȼȡ˷𾭲ɡ
ԪѾԸȥؾڵľ鶼ѾˣôʱĻۣѾﵽһ൱ģ֧ȡ֮á
ԪȡģںĪаս֮ǰȡ񣬵ȵȡɣԼϵͳʲôȻͻȥѺע

³ˣģɫһ˴״졣
ԶԶȥ˫ƣ񣬺ɽԣԺ͸һɽɲζ
ϴǵ飬ͽϵķоȴĿеʥǿš
ɮǶոµɮֱۣĺжģľҲգֽղӴսߡ
ɽСǵƶ¡֨ѽ֨ѽĿȺյ˽һûдľЧѹܹص˽ֻǽŲЩ죬ͷ㻹Ҫȥġ
ǧ룬м˲ٵĽˡ
ĪаһıصڵֵԺ䳡
Ľ˶ǰǸǰȥķݷˡ
ʢеԺﵽġ
ȴٿĵĺУΪջԪľлֱϵĵӣҪԺڼϡ
Ⱥͻ۸նҲȺʱˣҲ֡
СеȺſڣȺͻ۸սԺ̴Ժȥ
һ·֮ϣȵ۾Щˣ·Свͣʶ
λСʦγƺ
ƶɮ飬ʦ塣
Ŷÿʦûʲôӵģֻһ֣ʦһ°ɡ
ƽһεʦ壬Ҳֱ֪ͦҪڳһʦϡ
ʦ壬ȲʦѾԸˣҪȥԡ£ʦĶ׼ãȻʦֶٴǰԺʱһ·֮ϣʦֶٸΣ
ѯʣʵǻԪȲҲӣͻ۸ն˹ԹԵȥϴԡĵطϴ˸ɾ
ŻȣģϽ۵ȵȶˣȻڻ۸յ֮ͬ£·ľСеĴ֮£ųʥ̬ԪڵأֵĺĵشԺȥ


603 
ʦ뿴¥͹¥֮Ҳֵĵһ棬湩Ƕ棬Ҳ׳Ƶշ𡣡
ھָ£Ⱥͻ۸ǰ棬ݾߵ㡣
߹͹ֵĵһ򣬵ڶҩʦزص͵鼪ΤԵԼʾ˵ʮֻصȵȡ
Ⱥͻ۸վͺߵͷһȥΰݣֱ˴۱ǰ棬ΰ˺
Ǽǰһ㵽߲һ飬æʱȻѾʱ
Щǹ涨ĳǲܴģݷϣŴ˷Ժ
һ·֮ϵ޺áááĦúͽԺҲǿİۻңֱ˷Ժǰ棬ûи״ΪҲϰĵء
ֱԺ֣ȲŪףѾΪؼĵطæЩŵû۸հæԼʲôطףǲʧĵط
۸յ˼ڴĦأͬڰȣȡ֮ҪˣҪֵģһЩ޺ֻǷܵشӦ˼
εؿ˿۸գָ֪ˣֻԼһ£Ųӣ˷Ժ
ԺڵĵطҲܴ󣬻ԪĻһʱ򲢲ãֻпʱżãƽʱӴ˶᷿Լڡ
Ŵ򿪣һֱĺȫţֱĺǷᡣ
ֱĺһɫİɫģŹͷƲĿⶼİȺͻ۸ϡ
һֱĺǷֱڼ档
߷ֱһơһұ߷ֱһաһ
Ԫߴ̨ϣⱾǫ̃ԭšҲ˳
һģΨԪһɫɮۣԵڲͬ
ֻǲ֪Ưɮ޲ҹƳģΪ˽Ĵ֮á
ЦݵؿİȺͻ۸գԪ΢Ц
Ⱥͻ۸սϵعݵأߵݣߵϺ󣬰ȿڣӰȷʦּǰʢƣȡ澭;£гʮǧշʢƣʦڵ£ϣʦ˷أˮ𣬽֮޶ۣ
ԪûпڣڵĿⶼ䵽˰ȵϣ˻۽֮⣬˻ǵһοȡ
ܶˣûмˣȺʢ˵ĿͬҲо档
Ԫ΢Цˣǿ֪Ǻˣ
ɮ׷ҡͷʾ֪
ù֮ӣҲõӣȵ¡
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ǷԴ֮أֻѾûˣʢһжҪ鹦λķɡ
Ԫ۹ӶֻƽصǰãΪ÷ѧû䣬ŵУС˷𷨶ȫ𾭸ѵһҸԴû˹Ĳ̣߱ãѰȡ֮ˡ
۹һӣԪԺֿʼ֣𽥵Χɮ羴ϵؿᷢķɡ
ҿѰգѰҵ˰ȣһ飬ҪкܸߵķԣֻҪ̳õλʺϽҷţ𷨣Դƶɮʢƣȡ澭һܿϣҲ֪˷𷨵֮ס
˼ȫҵ򲻼
Աһսһ仰Ԫûлش
ͬʱãҲһӣĻ۸գضѾ֪ҷעа˲۸վеĺĦȣȡȡ澭һ·ͣҲǹԲ
˵Ժ󣬻Ԫ濴Ż۸գĦȣѾʹص֣Ҳ޳ʦ׼ʽص֣Ϊ״ӣʦʦȥ
۸ۺᣬٴζԻԪߵݣȻԱ߿һ£̾ͿԼӦʲôλϡ
ЩֱĺУǰλֱվˡ
˵ףλ
ߵˣֱ죬ǣ޻۵
ұߵˣֱ¥޻ҹԪ
߻һλӦԼĦȻ۸յλá
ұߵһλ˲֮нȱǬŵġ
˲֮ҲиӦ۸պܿҵԼλãϲվȥ
ԱСеݹģ۸ϣϿһֻۣʦĿڿԼЦݣ̧ͦͷվɫ࣬滹ŵİȡ
ȣԶöܾǧ࣬һͿԸµǰؾȡ
Ӷлʦȫ
ԪĿٴδΧ˵ɨѾ׼ҵӣص֮󻹽̳λ̣ţҷʢ£¡
ӷ𣡡
ɮзţ˫ֺʮƻֺ롣
Ԫٴζ԰ȵ㷵֮龫ǣľӪҷ֮ʵ֮ףвɳΪˡ
ʦ̻ӽǡ
֮УµصԴʦѾùʦȡô˷֮󣬽齻ܣ˵ɸ˷֮Σ
Ԫߵʱû۸սʦ֮λ˵¸صĲ·ɵԴ˴ΰȻطãԴʦ֮ˡ
ٴߵл
Ԫ潫Ŀ䵽ֱɮͶ˵ϡ
һʦǰؾȡ澭
ס
ֱֻϸ߲ȫڴˣ˴һöپʲôȱ
ͻ͵ͷӦȻԽڶ
ǵֱһڣ潫õľغˣҲҹŪˡ
ȿڣӷɷּѾ׼õľ׼ãֱأ뷽ɺλָͬ
ȿȣǿɤӣȸʮ
̽ӿڵزؾʮ
оʮ
ʮ
վʮ
䱾ʮ
ʮ
澭ʮ

һУмصȻɮΪγͷҲ׼˺ܾúܾˣʱǵسԺΧҲвٵˣʱ򶼱˹
ֻԺǰСпأֹ˽룬һЩ˶֪淢ʲô׷Χѯʡ
ЩСڷ֮£ͽǧɽˮ棬ȡ˵˳
ǶǷͽ˷Ṧΰɽֹ֮ģ׷̣һ䷽ɵĲ£ԷϹס
ԽԽΧ£˹ԷоڷԺΧγһصʢ


604 
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ȡ˺Ͱ˲֧ߣһǻԪһɵġ
֮󣬻Ԫһ󼤶Ϊܹõһؽˣ
ģؽһƽ齱ĽЩ߼ѧѾʲôˣԪޱȵڴ
ϵͳʱ𣺡ϲȡϵͳѧơǰʽա
֣ԪԺһ
ҵ죡Ȼƣԭѧڰ
ָˣ༸ҪӺһԪ촽ţŵȥ鿴ϵͳ
ϵͳƵһʽ֣
һƷƵ٣ƽһơ
һƣķ⣬ǳԲǿһ
Գѧļ˵һǿΪκһѧǶҪԲʩչ
ԳԲǿһʵԲһ
ֻЩһⲻһƷһ۷
õ۷Իε޷ۣԲͨ޷⡣
Ԫ֪ԲǿֹԲ̽ģǻԪûı¡
һˣһз֣ǵֵԲ̽ľطӽԺ󣬻ԪԲĲѾԽԽСˡ
ΪԪĳѧһкķѵҲرƾԪˮƽʩչҲӰս
Ԫ鿴˴Լ֮һз־ѾȫԺģҲ޷ǣѧˡ
ѧ˷֮󣬾ǵڶн𶥷ˡ
𶥷ΪƵĵڶʽһиӵĹ졣
˵ֻһƷĻôڶм÷ˡһеȻҲǳƣҲǴ۷ЧǷȴϻԴ
һг֮󣬻Ԫͷȷ⣬ͷĶĿâҫֵ۾öԷ޷ӦƽһƣȷִһЩԼ൱ڽԲһʱĸȫһ
˵øһЩǴﵽԲڵȫһ
ѧϰ𶥷ӣԪƵĵڶС
ǿƷҿʩչԪ漤ֶЩˣĳѧ
ȥ鿴С
ƵĵУɽӡ
˵ǰƷЩ۷˼ôоǴƷˡ
һд󿪴ϣƷͣޱߡ
˼һоһƴɽӶΪΪһƶ𶯵˼ܲǿ
ԪĲӡǡһ¾ǿһôһзɽӣǺͲӡȫͬ
мıģӡԪȻҲʩչһкķʵ̫󡣻Ԫ淢һоѾȫʧȥսս
ɽӲһԪˮƽƻһЩ
ѧϰԺǲӡͿʽ˾ӶˣԺ齱ܳȡǿӡ
ѧϰɽֺķʮӣԪ㽫ϵͳȫѧᡣ
ԪѧȳѧԾʵǣһϷǸ׼ԲˮƽԲҲǺԶˣо¶ҸطȥԼı¡
ֻҵطҲᱻ˷֣ԪԥǷ㡣
ѧϰ֮󣬻Ԫ滹һҪǾǳʩչ
춯أϾҲһƷһһǲԿ˵ʤģҪʵҪȫڻͨ
ҧ師أһǲܳԱġ
ڳƷٴκķ˶ʮ֮Ʒա
ԪĻƣưưû뵽ԼȻһҲѧһƷʲôʱԼҲ̧־һӡĳȥɽˣ
ȻлڽɽҲˣϾԪʩչӡзɽͲӡ൱൱Լʩչ¾ǿһˡ
൱ҲͱǸ˭һѡ
ո뵽ԪͻȻһ£ԼȻһ顣
ǰϣǸŮԼҪĿֻ
Ҳ˵ϣǸŮӻڹȴˣǻԪ沢ûǰȥ
ΪȼԵʣԪѾԺ󣬾ȻҲˡ
ʧ߰ʧߣ
ԪûڵԴȻˣҪ֪ǸŮӺпܾȽҹԼԺ϶Ҫ˴򽻵ģô˴Ĵأ
ոѧƵϲҲ嵭˲٣ԪȻʧ뿪˷Ժ׼ڶеĹȥһŮǷ
ȻԪãܵԼһҹģǻԪ滹ǱһϣȥһЩֲ
ŮӸԪĸоܲһƺֺܵˣ䵭ˣǾԲһˣһཻˡ
һңǸŮµĿ֣ڿԪὫĿֻͻӿˡ
Ǹո߳Ժûȵʱ򣬾ͿǿٵԪ֮к
ʦҪԺȥ㣬ЩɣĪаħ̵ˣѾǰˣ
ôˣ䲻ǻҪһŻῪʼ𣿡
ԪĪаԼսʱʱھʱִԼаʱԻԪҲǺܼ
ǰˣܲܲǰɣ
Ԫȴǰ˰֣Լսʱ仹ûеûȥɹ̫ȵսʼ֮ǰΪʦȻȥģǼȻˣŰɡ
һ£ʶʲôħ̵ĽʦʲôҲǣʹʲôҲǵˣαҪں˵ظأԸǵȥɡ
ʦˡ
Ԫ˵ͷ׾ͺãȥɣкǣȵսʼʱΪʦȻȥġ
ʩˣߵĲʦôˣԼʲô
Ԫǰֱȥ
ֵ˺ܶ࣬ʱѾ緹ʱ䣬ܶȥիǱߣիѾ֧˴Ƕ緹ʮڴڲͣسˣӦ˵ի
ʱ˲ر࣬Ԫһ·ϵ˺ʺãҲ΢΢ͷΪ񣬲ûкʲô˽̸
һֱ˹ǰԪ۴һ£Щʧ
ǸŮӹȻˣѾˡ
ĴңڣԪ̾ϢһҪߡ
ոת˲䣬һƽ͵Ůһ˿ԼĲʣô뽫ҵĿִ𣿡


605 ŮĹ
һֺĶܹͬı仯飬ҲܴͬЧ
ڻԪɽˮʯȪڶЩ궯龹Ȼ֪ƽˡ
ػͷһɫӰڹǰĴ濴Լ
ûǸ޴ĶңŮӵ¶һ롣
Ϊʲô˵һ룿ΪŮӵӶһ뱻ɵסˣϻǿ󿴲ĵİֵۣϢȻȫüȴ̲סҪࡣ
ǻԪһοŮӵݡ
ƾɷļᶨ棬һҲؿڱ˺ݺݵһȭЩ١
ȻûпȫǱɽһǣѾ
Ԫ治ûŮ໨硢á޲¡Ľꡢ˵ˣһһĴŮǹɫ㣬ÿʲͬգ䳤
ҪЩŮѡһƯģԪ滹޷ѡ
ǰŮȣŮòϻʲôǴŮʣֿչĸоֲ˼Ůӵʥ࣬ȴ޷ġ
Ԫ涼ˣɼŮѾﵽһ˼ĵز
Ůֻ˻Ԫһۣת㵽˴ĺ棬Ӱˡ
֮䣬Ԫ⣬ǲԸòȺ֮ǳʲô鷳
˿ΧȺȴûע⵽ɻ˵ŮӣԪҲЩɻأ
ߵ˴ĺ棬ȴһˡ
ء
Ůӵٴڶ߻죬Ԫ̧ͷде֦Ҷ䣬һĨһ
ԪոתҲע⵽żһأҲŴ
ֵʱ򡣻ԪŪľЩһЩǴӺɽֲģŻΪïʢ֦ҶïļأѰ˻Ƿֲˡ
ǱϾҲڸеһСԪ滹ЩģѰ˿ﻹкܶʿģѵûܹ
ϵǰŮһ֦ϣ֦֣΢紵²ţ߸˿һ
ʱ򣬻ԪŮӵݡ
Ԫ治֪⸱գֻǿŶԷüǿ۵ĺ춹㶡
Ů΢΢üָһԼüĵĺ룬Ὺڵġ
ӣԪ񣬶ŮЦ֮ˣʹƶɮţҲ࿴ۡĲᣬ
ŻԪôĻָҿԼĿвûº̰֮ɫŮӾȻؿڣظصɹȻͬˣ˵Ҿڶˡ
ĻԪܹ⡣⸱òǰܵ϶ĶˣҲ飬ԼѾһծȻŮӹԼҲ뷨׻ĺøС
ԪҲѡһ֦Ů಻ףЩĵ濴˿
ϾΪɣǱ˿һŮȥ˵
ŮӿԪĵģῪڵصģǿ
Ԫһ㶣ϸ濴˿ȻΧȻ࣬Ҳкܶ˲ʱĵȴûһע
ԪܿΧˣΧȻҲܿŮһ£ۣܲ˵һĶûȻʵʵǣûһ˿
Ե̾񹦣ƶɮ̾Ϊֹ
Ԫ֪Щֶ赲Բۿֿ̽Ŀķδţ仰˵ҲǼΪϡ
Ůˮӿ˻ԪһۣȻҲصصͷ˵Ļ
ǲÿԪﰵ룬һҲ¶ֻЩǸصǶԲҹƶɮµˣڲŵõУùõˡ
Ů΢΢ҡͷһ󣬵ҲܾãʲôطŶһ￴羰Ҳܺá
ԪһŮӵ˵ʽЩӦƺûͨŮӵôһ̬һ
ղԼŮӶԼ˵õһ仰֮ƺһ˿Ҳôȷˣˣ
ŮӼ㴫ãһ˲£ܰ
Ԫ漴ʹƤ񣬵˰ĺտ佱Ҳ̲ס΢죬ΪйôǲҪģԼǵؽ
ŮӵĿ佱Ԫ֮
˵ˣĿ֣ƶɮ㡣
Ԫ˵˫ֵݹǸҡ
Ůӿһۣӣ쵽һͣ
ȱŰɣһٻҡ
֪ΪʲôĻЩԥƽʱ㵭Ȼƺìʲô
ԪĬĬջ˶ң²͸Ů롣
ŮҲ˵̧ͷŻԪ档
ԪĬȻӣоŮ£л˵ȴ֪οڡ
һŮӲŻڣƺ˺ܴܺ˵˺٣ҽ㣬ҪӦңһҪҡ
Ԫһ£ҵȻὫһ㡣
Ǻãʧˣһʧ
Ů˵仰뿪֦ԻԪ˻֣ȻһԾ뿪˴շɶɣȻֱӷԾ˲֪ԶĿռ䣬ֱʧ˻Ԫ֮У
һ似ṦԪˡ
ѾṦķ룬һҪһ˵ôҲ֮ӺһЩ
ľ𣿡
ԪŵؿŮʧķ򣬺ʣŮʵǿģٰǰҲʲô˰ɡ
ĬĬؿĶңԪ滹̫ŮΪʲôô˵ѵһѵ
ʱͻȻ˵ʦϸʲôأĪаˣʱϾ͵ˡ
Ԫһ㶣һֻ¿Լ
ܿң
ԪָָԼıӣЩš
⡭ʦֲϹӣô˭
ԪĻǺܲ⣬ʦΪԼǰ׳
ԪΧȥȻܶ˶עԼ֪ɻá
ԪʶǿԼǸŮӵĹͣˣΧ˾ܷԼˡ
һԾ뿪˴ԪغǵĪаһĶ˭
ħ̵ˣжٰףɲɲ⻹ħ̵ϡ
ԭ㳲ˣšǸӡ
Ԫ˵ͷĪаǴƶɮһսˣҲãжٶԹξһ˰ɣ
˵Ԫ潫Ǹֱ˱ϣ͸䳡ķȥ
Ԫȴվסˡ
ʱͻȻΪʲôŮߵʱ⽻ԼһҪĶһھߡ
ԭǲϣԼںĪаս֮УַڼԼء
ǹһ˿޵Ц⣬Ԫһϵ͵һ֣ȥһʦ壬еǮƶóȥĵѺܻⳡսʤ


606 
ǰǵ䳡֮ͱֹͨˡ
ǲԣֻ֪Ҫ䣬ЩɢȥˣЩڸǻϣܿʿʲôӵġ
ֻЩõǰĽʸǰ䳡ȥι۰ԴӶ¼֮𺳵
Īаħ̽Բĸ֣ʹǵĶҲ̶ȶѣ
һ䣡ַɣܻܿδܳţٶͬǣֻǲ˲ţɢԽԽ貵Ĺâ
һδεĹսѾһһߵĳ̶ȣԺԲ
һεսΣǵѾһŵͬԲλˡ
ֻҪһս󻹻ţֻҪ书ôһδԲǶôΪġ
һսһһأĪаϾѾԲˣҶΪһԲǰ漣ֻܼϣֶܼãܲĪаǰ
ǱĪаѾˣڳһߵϣ׺룬Ŀ֮˸Һӡ
Īа󣬶ٰ׸ֶһ˫Ѫ۾ǡĪаٰ׸ӵľɱĹҲ˳һħֻĪаħ֡
Ǳߣһ仹ûйǵĿ⻹ǸļеˣΪһλĺ棬ȻҲˡ
Ůˣ
һĪаŮħ̵ĹǰʥŮ
ԶŮѾϾ˹ϵ˾ʹ֣ҲʲôˡǵĿ䵽⸸Ůϣϣܴпʲô
۲ãҵóһۣǾĪаȻѾŮˡŮ֮żӵĿ棬˱飬ûһԥǶϽˣǲαװĻܿһ
һɫȹߣվһµ޲¡
ǰħ̻Ҳʽħ̣һ֣ĪаĿ֮УҲƽĮ
ǧĵŮ⣬ǱߵҲħһ߶ʢ
ֵĳϣڽϴıȽˣһҲ˵ˡ
òƽƽһͷӣһϺжѣκεĸַ緶һӣһӵԱߡ
˭ҲϺоȻҲһԲֻܴĪаʱż¶ļɵĿ֮УܸܵϺеĲͬѰ
ǺܷһĪаսѹ󣬳֮⣬ʮͭΧ£һŴӵΧֹκĻ˽ӽ
зɵӣڶĸִ֣ͬĦõһƴʦһվڱ䳡ǰؿΧ
˺ܶ뷨˿һܸĪаֻҲûʲôΣգĪаǸ˺һ䣬ôֵЩһӵϣֻĪаԲҲֵסɡ
һսԺӦԺúõĺһ䷽ϵǣδǱɰ
ʱһһعȥĪаЩͷˡ
ô¶һСôôӣ˺һˣȻĢ
ħ̵һ˽ıԹһվ˳һȵֺУǵǸڸʲôҪǵӺ˾;˵һϾ͵ʱ˻ûǲˣ
һƴʦվֶǰ棬мؿǸħ̳һۣǷ֮񷱶࣬׼ʲôҪ鵢飬ǻǰĵһɣϴʲôӣ
ħ̳ϿһƵ̬ȾͻôҲħ̵ĳϣȻǼħ治ôֵǮˣݷ˵ħкܶط벻ڣҸоõʱܵһƵס
ͺ¿ݵÿڳԣĪڴˣħµһɣʲôҲϷǰҰ
һҲǸƢԴ֮󣬻һֱû֮أˣһħ̳ϾȻҶԼʱǷ˵ʥأݵڴ˲ǲһѵ㻹֪ߵغ񣡡
ħ̳֪һƣ֪һѾ׼ԲΪһǸڣҲʵֻԼһ㣬һô˵Ҳ£Īаһۣս˼
ĪаȻܿһƵǳ֪ħ̳ϲһƵĶ֣΢΢üҪ˵û뵽һƵ󣬻Ԫȴվ˳
ʦ壬ԸС֮ʦ֣ʰˣ
ԪֵĽޣҲڶ壬һƿˣԼִĦݣλ磬ӦԳ֡
˵ͷҪСһЩ
ʦľǣ
ԪֱӴӺ˳ħ̳ϵӷǸħˣɸͷүүһս
ЩֱĵӱʢһԪǷɵ״ӣȻƽﲻô֣ǹҲǿû߶ʵħ̳Ϸ
ĪаһûгһСֱ˳ˣŶħ̳ϵ˵ͷս㹫ƽϾħ̳ʵҲӽڶˣǸֺпһս
ħ̳ϵõĪаҲһԾ˱䳡
Χһʱ˾ַ٣˫ĵȴˣսǰˡ֮ǰĿθСˣҲܲ
ϵˣħ̳һͣһɸַ緶ֵĻԪʢǿ׳һվһһγԱȡ
໥˳ۣ˵Ҫ֡
ţ
ʱͻȻһ˷׷ȥ
ִֻĦõǰ·ַһ䣬䳡˽
еֵӣϴ󲿷ֵĽʿ׷ַɼ
޲ιҲӯӯʩƽʱԪżôȥô˵û⣬ǰҪ㷽ӲС
ֻħ̵һ˵ȣͼħ̱Ƚ׽ɲûж
Ԫ˫ֺʮΧʾ⣬Ȼ߻صԼλ¡
ע⵽ַɵıһңûдͷҲûժ֪Ǹʲôõġ
Ԫúһ۳룬ŶĪаĪҶ˵սûôµĳȴֵأ
Īа˻Ԫһۣһ䣬㲻ƣֻµӼдһ¶ѣѧ֮ٺ٣
ԪĪаһۣһ£Ƿţԣȴܴ˷徻ЩҲɲţԺĪµĸֿ⡣
Ԫһ£ȻֵȻĪ£ǲټӸͷΣ
Ŷʲôͷ
Ԫ濴˿Լߴӣֿ˿ĪаǱħϣɲɲˣŻڣһսĳҵĵ£ôƾĪ䣬뿪֣ʥ̶û⡣
ҵأĪаһ䡣
ǾƾƶɮˣôĪɸӦս
Ԫ˵ŻѾתˣһβҪĪаܣҪΪһ¼ҹˣҲв


607 Īа
ڻԪ飬ĪаЩûס
һߵǼаɣһŹͷǲ򵥰Ҳ֪һô̵ĵӣһɫڶ塣
Լߣݷƶ˻ڵĻãˣҲɲɲܺһǼӿһ¡
ʣħ̳ϣίʵʤ㲻
ĪаҲƣֻҪһʤһ䣬ôǰӮʲôҪģʤΪԼ˵㡣
Ӧһ飬ԵԼƵˡ
֮ĪаһһۣЦһһ䷽г񰡣Ӧͺ㣬ȻˣǱҲνǾʹĳȻٿʼ֮ĶԾ
Ԫ΢ЦͷãǻԪСһЩ
˷ɵԪʱٱʦģСʰһⶼûУ
Ԫ˵Żа˳һһѵħ̳ϵСӣղôվʶһֹ򣡡
ֹû˵ʲô˲𣿡
û˵书㶼֪ϼһˣ
δ䣬дһƬ⣬Ԫֵеĳֶ֮ˣҲϷҴȱԪҲûУֻԪս
˿ٽ֣شһţ
ǱߡһʦʦǣԪͰ
ˡ
ͻȻ߿¸轫Χ˶һ̨ħ̳ϡ
ЩһഺڣŮɫǸλʢÿľûںò׵õһйĻᣬõĶһ뻮һĴЩСģ¶һҲ̫ˡ
һഺϵ׺ഺһÿճիɤҲı䲻˴ɤŶ
Ϥ¸裬жǿһƻֺ꣡
ħ̳ϱͲԪôһţǻ£˲ʹ·硣
еĹâͬոħ̳߷衣
һԪռϷ磬ֵӸ˶ϷҲֹһ˻ߵĺţ硣
Ԫõȫɮµļͣ˶ˣͬ糵һģħ̳ϴֻм֮ûл֮
ͳҲռѹԵƣħ̳ϸûκλᣬ˽ֲʮӣͱԪĶϷ飬ȼӺ͵ҷŵ˫ҪڵϷУ
Īаˮһ
˵ŻĪаһ̧֣һֱӷ˳ȥҪ䳡ϵħ̳ϸɵ
⻹ûһɫdַ˳ڿӭĪаĽ⡣
һ죬ĪаͻԪ˶˿
Ԫ΢ЦĪƶɮ˵֮ڣɱ㵱ƶɮĻǶԷ𣿡
˿ʱһƬȻ
ڻԪɵصĪаһħ̵ڳϾȻлԪӣǾڻԪĪа̬ȣƺ˿ҲԲ
˵ʼǻΪԪԲĪаĶ֣ôǸıһЩ뷨
ܻԪ治ĪаĶ֣ǾԲǲһģղŵһж֤֮սҲһأ
Щڳ⿪ĵ˵֪һ׷ȥʡ
ĪɱڣƶɮȻ㲻ҪˣƶɮΪ˱ɥ徻أֻҪʱˡ
Ԫ˵Żһ̧־ͽ䳡ϵħ̳˹ַ̧һ壬ʵ޷ԼսˣŶԻԪò˴ȥɡ
ûһע⣬Ԫ淽Žħ̳ץʱѾֽš
ȵħ̳֮ѾΪһûķˡ
Ԫޱ飬Ѿֿ˻
Լıڤħ̳ϵ֮Ѿﵽڶ壡
ԼһﵽڶѧʵٴԪĪаİոˡ
ħһϷˣһҪ𣬽ֵǵǳ
ǿԺ쿹ǿ֮ԪҪߣħ̳ϸӵûлᣬһͰ
ǳҲᣬһƽԷļιǴϣħ̳ҲԪ氲õֺȥˡ
ĪаȻ죬Ҳûʧ̬Ͷħ̳ûʲôϣʧҲ֮е飬ǶɲɲЩġ
ǽսƸԶԶĳĪаԤ֮⡣
ɲԻɲԻ죬ƾеսǲ֪ôˣɲɲƺЩĲɣȻԷûʲôɱ֣ҲӲȫʵ΢СĲʧܡ
ǵ˱ħ̳ϿҪõö࣬ûˣԪ水պĪаԼȻֱ˼֡
ĪаɲɲԻԪʩΪֵӵʱԼľãԼһͺ¿ĵˡ
ɽʱһǾȹɲ᲻⼸ƭԼأôһӣɲħ̣Ϊֵӡ
ԽԽñԼ߽ʣ¶ٰһˣĪаߣ̲סصһӣ
꣡ӷֶѣ
һ䣡ðȻϷǰôһµ󽫴˵ĴˣշշΪϷƭɣ
Ԫ΢΢ҡͷӷĪĲˣԼʧһʤһáȻɲѾˣԸسŵ֣ѵĪӢǰɣ
ĪаԪ淴˵ʶ˶ҲֻưͳԻпԣĿݺݵĶԻԪɨӣдʡ
ãһӵĺУһַɣҵŮߣҵߣħ̵ĸֱշշɱĻɱ֪УĪа߾Ȼûп֮ˣֶΰ
Īа˵ţ۹һߵĶٰףֻٰĿЩ벻
Ϸ򵱳ʥû뵽˱ϷģúúãϷͺһ˶ϣӮˣ͹㣡
˵ŻĪаһģһѪħͼͱϣ
Ԫ۾΢΢һУһѪħͼŴͼĲ֣ҲԼǷȱΨһһš
ֻҪõԼͽӵѪħͼҲ֪һʲô
Īа
ʱ򣬻ԪҲվʱˡ
㲻ҪƻˣȻ㶼ѾսţôƶɮôҲ㣬ֵϲַԲҲһѪħͼӢ۵ļ֤£Ϳ˭
Ķժطŵ棬ǸŮӵĿ֡
¶ҵ˲䣬Ԫ濴΢ս
˺͸׵ľֳƼǿŮЩԳˡ
ʱ򣬻Ԫ滹ö˵ʲôҿ޲¹ȥסŮӼǿվ
ͷԪģһжȥġ
Ŭգգ۾ˮԻԪСġ
ž
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608 еķ
ߵǾؿųڶŵĶˣ׷ס˺ڼѻȸݡ
Ҫ֪䳡Χǧˣֳ棬漣ˡ
ǲ˵ǳڵʵ̫ѹ֣̫أ˳ص޷
ĪаͻԪ׶ԣ˭Ҳûп˵ӿȵѾʼײ
˵ۿǸʲôӵģǿü֮еĲƣüǲѿĵ棬õѹֵ֨֨ĺͷĦ˺ëʼ
Īаһ˫۵ɵúţһѾȫԪѹ˹ȥ
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ʱ򿴿Ѫħͼôһˡ
ԪºжѪħͼ֮ûȥѡԼͻ֮ٿǵĿʲôشӰԼľ
ѾӵԲʵҲʱооˡ
ӷԺİ֮ڽеѪħͼƴյһһͼֽ
֮ǰģҲ΢΢Щƶѣû˿𣬿ɼͼ֮֮
ԭѪħͼԪҲûоһֱȱмһ飬֪ͼֽҪʲô
ֻ֪ΧһȦͼĶɽҲʲôطɽ
мͼֽ󣬻Ԫһۿȥһ¡
ɫصĿϸĲ鿴ͼֽĻԪԽԽЩľ
һͼעһص㣬ֻмͼֽҲ֪ʲôطƴյһ𣬻Ԫ֪ܿʲôط
ǹ⣬ڶ
˺Լ˵Ļ֮ʱнѣд֮˳ص㲻Ƕ
⸱ͼϵĵص㣬ڶ
Ǹ̵ڵ𣿡
Ԫϡʱ̵˲ͣɧŵ飬ѵµͼʲôϵ
˼ʱнŲ
Ԫ治ÿ֪Լĵӻˡ
ԼԸûʲôҪͲҪԼˣЩͽҲԼķԸȴˣʲôˡ
Ԫʰ飬ſڵĻ
ڣЩضԻԪʦˣԶԶʦţˣ


612 Թ
˻ĻԪʱһ㶣һͷôܡ
Ȼ첻ƭԼԼһȻ˵ôӦġ
׷ʲô£
ʦģڽϣɽŴһЩ̵ˣľǺǰһһǴܣЩû뿪ڴľʧܺȻܵɽ;Զ̸
Ԫ΢΢üԶǲ֪ǳˣȻΪӣҪģԼҲΪ˸һƣþԶ֪ɮ
˵ԶȴĶӻҪ죬һֱˣҲδоԶʺ;
ȻܺƵ˽̸ƺЩΡ
Ȼأ
Ȼǽ̸һԶȻľ߻һˣ˵Ҫ뿪ּˣûһ˱ء
Ԫŵصɴ۾ԶΪʲô
һʦǵȻķҪľ̵ֹ˺ܶˣһóȻľ˫ͷսս֮УһҲûռˣԶǳˣ֮ǰͻߡʮһ֣ʮһˡ
Ԫû˵ֻǾĺܡԶѱˣͬŵʦ壡
ΪǾԶԻʮһҲûн󹥻ʦ֪ģԶѾˣʮһȻǶ֣ĻܸԶǺġ
Щ̵أ
̵׼ĺ֣ܳǰӦҲ٣ڵ˳ȥԮ֮ǰˡ
һʮ޺֣׼ԲǶ̵֣˾ȻܴȥɼԷбˡ
Ԫ˵䣬ͻȻʶһ⣬ԻǶ೤ʱ֮ǰ飿
Լʱ
ʱ
Ԫһ£Ի˵ͷȥɣ֪ˡ
˵˵ˣˡ
Ժ󣬻Ԫȥϵ
ϣ֪ʱǰǰ飿
ƺһ£Ԫ棺ʲôˣ
ɻķʣԪһݣȻ֪ǰ˿Щˡ
Ȼϲ֪Ǿʱˡ
Ԫֹͣ˺ĶԻȴôҲⲻ顣
ԶҳϵģԪһֱһ㣬ԼҲȳȡһ֮󣬽ȫľ澭ڸԶ
Ȼ֣֮ͬǻԪζû뵽ġ
Ҹӹǣ͵Ȼ֪Ŵ飬Բаˣ˹赲ԲĿ̽
̶ȵģԲͨˣҲǲĳ֣ȫ赲Ŀ̽
ݻԪ֪̫̫٣ٰһ
ǶٰǸ־ģ𣿺Ȼǡ
˶ٰ֮⣬ʵ࣬˵ˣ¾ֻˡ
һ뵽ԪʲôȽҹôҲǾԶʦ
ԶǲȻűֵأ
ΪҪô
ԪûеȻʱԼŲҲûҹԼԼĶңԼȻɱţϣٿʱ򣬽һ
ȻþԶ֣Ԫ˼⡣
ȻһжǻԪĲ²ѣ巢ʲô飬ԪҲҪһ¡
飬ʱҲû˼Ԫ뿪˷ԺŴ
ʮһˣأҲᣬǾ澭˺ǾԶĳ֣һǶ֤
žͺͻ˵ò̵࣬ˣľʧԺ󣬾ȥ;Զ̸̸ûǾԶӣѾʵ
һ飬ҲûʲôͻԵĽչǻһԸ£Ҫ뿪֣ȥѰҾԶûʦš
Ԫûͬһ˵ʮһȥĿ̫˿ǻжԶܶԶ𲻵á
Ƿɢˣս½࣬ҲץסԶ
Ҫ뽫ԶץʸҲҪԼļӳֲС
ЩƲֵػص˷ԺԪ˼˭ȥþԶɽʱͻȻԺһ
ߵԺòڻûˣ㲻
תڻԪĶȴЩζ
ֳˣȻԶһŪߵˣΪǾԶʦԶһֻĻ
ԼʲôԼʾ
ԪЩ죬ǷɵĳǸûԪûб¶
һɽͷϵԺǰˣҲм񣬵Ҳ㲻÷£Ϊ˰Щ޼ҿɹŮӵģ໨仨ˣ簲õаĺ
ֻ⼸ҪȫǰҲǼ򵥵飬ǵĽųûô죬Ժ޺ԺڻǿյģΪδŮסĵطҲû￴ء
û뵽ȻȥԺһԼȥ
ԪƽеĲڻشһ䣺ȥ
Ķұ˱ϣԪ뿪¡
۵ѾûˣҲȫ˻ȥǻԪûг۵񣬶ֱʩչṦգʮ֮䣬ѾԺڵɽͷ
ԺɾţмĵһŽྻķݣһСԺмɽϪɽׯһ㡣
ԺѵļױԪһκĪаսʱΪѺעԼʤݺݵ׬һʣѾǮ
ṵ̂סһϸĵŮ֪δҪסܶŮӣûߵԾӣ׼ŮǶʱٺ޲һԺ
ֺɽﻹû˵ġ
ԪԺ·ϣŮڵķ򻺻ǰУһţһ˼һҪô˵
һԪһô档
һøߴĴķֲģһʯԱмʯգʯ滹лọ̃׼ԺŮǲĵط
ǻԪμŮˣĴһ˺ܴĲͬ
Ȼǰ£һһװɫĳȹԵ£Ůӵչ˳
ͷ϶һССװΣһɫͷ˿ֱֱĴʣŮӵʯ
Ůˣ
ԪغһǴǰ⣬Ϣ
пܣԪ治Ůκεìܳͻ
ǽ췢飬Ԫ֮⣬벻κһ㣬ƾһ㣬ԪвɣҲΪò뷨
ߵŮӵǰԪֱĶ棬עŮĿա
Ůӱ񣬿ԪͻȻ߹ԼĿ֮оȻһ˲Ļң׵ϳһ˿Ρ
ԪЦһҲ֪


613 
ŮӵĸоǺǰİŮȻͺܶ˶һҲŮӡ
ԪŮӾ͸оЩһǰ᷽ƺ鲻Ǻܺá
ȥοˣҲȥ˵£ûпȥΪʲôƽصˡ
š
ԪǰİŮһۣҲûм˵Լеɻ󣬶ǿʵһû˰ɡ
ǵģʱЩ飬ոջ
ԪŵģŮ˿϶ȥ˹⣬ȥ̣ʱǺϣֻĶЩˣȻ̲߷˾Զ
ЩǻԪĲ²⣬û̷ʣǽĶժŵʯϣҷһʱˣʱ򻹸ˡ
ŮĿǶһۣԥһ£Űɡ
Ԫûָʯ˼̽һ¡
ǸŮûԪĶǵúܺãȻܴĪаӦùϲ㡣
˵⣬ԪͻȻһ£ұҪȷԾĸһЩȻĪаƾܳ䲻ˡұûôߵģ;ɹһʯӣҽµλãҿڿнİɣ
Ů˵ͷ
Ϊʲô
Ůԥһ£Ҳ˵ãϣӮ
Ů˵ŻʯС·
ԪĬĸԱߣŮҡҷĺͽྻİȹ
ںڵ㷢һ¶ӨСƺЩ͸ûŮձ鶼еĶס
ŮӸо˻ԪĿ⣬΢΢ͷߵĻԪɣ쵽ˡ
ǰʱʹ죬תǽϼž۵ʱˡ
𣿡
ԪŮӵʻһ£ﾹȻԾЩţΪǻԪеʹ顣
Ȼкܶĺô෴ģҲʧȥ˻ؼҵ·Ҳƣ
ҲǻԪܣȻܶ͸¶ŮôʡԪȻЩ飬һ䣺˼
ŮЩؿŻԪ棺ѵ֮ǰûм𣿡
ԪŻȻ򣬡Ŷƶɮ׾³ӡ֮иûмˣ¾ҵļҡ
ŮĿĻعͷȥ䵽ΧĻľϡ
ҹҲ£ǰ죬¿ˡ
Ϊʲôѵ죿ꣿȻܿı仯ʵڲ򵥡
Ů΢΢ҡͷȴûнԼĻǶԻԪĹºܶ࣬ĽҲǳ죬ܿóһܲ򵥵ˣıһŲΪ֪Ĺ¡
ԪûзϣҲûгʲôŮӻ࣬˸Щɲ⣬ǧܺ˵й©ʲô
ŮƺҲûָԪش𣬼Щעǲͬģ㣬ңֱǸˣҲǲͬһˡ
Ԫʱſڵ˵Ǹˣǲǰ׷Ѫħ
¶ˡ
Ԫʱͣ˽Ų԰ŮӣŮҲоҪʲôˣҲͣţм䣬Ŀԡ
嵭ζƮѾûˣŮӵζܵţܺš
ԪЩĪ궯ͷŮӵ˫ۣĪаͽܡ

һŮӺܸɴĳˡ
ȻԪͲµ𰸣ǻҪ׿ȷһ£ȷˣﷴһȻʧĸоϣõ𰸡
ǾԶҲͽˡ
ĪаʦȽҹȽҹĸͽܣ໨硢ĪаԶʵԪ˵Ȼ
û뵽ǣŮӾȻһ£Զ
ԪǸֳһ˿ĳԶŶˣµķŽԶͽܵʱǽԶ
ŮƺŷӦûԶҵĵĸͽܡ
Ԫ˵ͷǺãھͽԶȻͽܣôӦ֪ԶʵϣҲģ뿪֮󣬼£𣿡
Ƚҹҡҡͷûйκһˣ˵ҵͽܣ˵ֻ͸һЩˣǵĳɾͺδ޹ء
㲻Զҳϡ
ҲϣԶƷĸõģϲʲôҲȥƽʲôܺõˣĻһЩ໨ҲãҲãࡣ
ǰƶɮҲôãĸͽܣҶйǳĽӴ
ԪĻ˵ͻȻһ£ΪЩô˵ˣ໨Ͷ硣
ȽҹȴͻȻݸһЦ֪ģ໨Ĺ֮Ĺ£Ҳ֪һЩ
Ԫ΢΢ЩΣҪʲôȴ֪ӺοڣֻܰԼȽҹþԶ뿪ֵˣ϶ĻģԼǧ¶ӣǧܴ⡣
ȥκӿԪɫ໨ͶʱȲ˵Īаִ֮
Ƚҹѵõٴδ˻ԪĻţ֪ġ
Ԫɫ΢죬ãҲ˵ˣ˵Զ֪Զ֮һֱĹֵɼңţһ˺£Դ򶯾Զģֵ顣
Ƚҹһûж໰΢΢ͷʾ޳ɻԪĹ۵㡣
ԪǾڽϣԶѾѳ֣Ҵͬʦ壬ȥ̡
Ƚҹһ£˵ʲôԶѳ֣
ԪضȽҹ˫ۣѾ뵽ȽҹˣΪʼȽҹϷװһ޹ӣȻԪ治֪Ϊʲô϶ˡ
Ϊ£ֻȽҹ
ܲ߷Զ赲Ŀ֮̽⣬ڶ롣
ȽҹȻ˼ȥȽϵǻһٶϽˣܱıɱˡ
ȻԪ濴ȽҹʱȽҹҲ΢΢üΪڻԪ濴˲Ρ
Щõһ˪
һСָزԼķ˿һ̻Ԫزķ˿ڱΪСָ
Ϸݵ̶ȣа˹öˡ
Ԫţ۾ȴû뿪ȽҹǼԶѳ֣֪ʹڱ֮赲ԲϵĿ̽
Ƚҹɫ㵣С΢΢ſ֪뵽ʲô
ֳϹѾﵽ˽ľ磬̶ȣ벻ϻ˭ܹǰֽŶ֣Ҳ˵ԶǾҳϵġ
ȽҹĿԽ䣬΢΢ĲȥȥԪ۾ص㻳ҡ
֦Ҷ£ϣӰ߲֮䣬ԪһִĿ֣ãһ˲ɵȥˣΧůĿƺҲˡ
һ˲䣬Ԫ澹Ȼһֺڵĸо


614 
ȽҹȻѯʵѾȷˣǰڻԼƺŲɡ
Ԫ濴ȽҹĿͱ䣬ֻһĿı仯˶һӣֵģϸ΢ľǧ֮ĸоԪܹظо
ӵƺʵϲ˽Ӵϲ̸Ӳڽ
ղŵѾ¶һ˿ãһ˿죬ֻͬ꼻һ֣Լһ㻳ɶҷˣֹ
Ԫԭᶨһ˿ҡҲĺ޹أ
ǻԪҲ˵ԼɣҲ»дﵽ֮ĸ֣Լʶ
ڵ̽ˣһһĸ֣ӹɵģʹһ֣Ҳû˵Զѱ䣬һ㲻ǿܹﵽġ
ǴӸϣӹϣǴʱϣֻȽҹһ˷еԪֻһɺϡ
ǻԪ滹ȽҹοģɣȴϣȽҹûκεĹϵ
Ϊһ˿ڴȽҹûôɣԼȻûм棬ҲûʲôԹһ˵ȥɲУӰű˴˵
ǽûԪʧˣȽҹûгϣҲûзϣûȥͣһ˫ƺһ㺮˪ؿĿеĽ಻ԣƺڿŽ´̵ݣҲûȥ
ԪҲĬĬվߣĵصȴš
˺ðΣȽҹŻ̧ͷĿӻԪɨȻֿ˱ĵطѾ˽ۣҲ֪Ҹô˵
Ԫû뵽ôһ仰ȽҹֻǸԼ֪ôȥ˵
ǽҲ㣬ʲôûн͡
Ƚҹ
ԪĻһ£ȻصغһҲ֪ôƺ㣬ôƺ̫ʣǽְɣ𣿡
ԡ
ȽҹƽνĻشһ䡣
֪Ϊʲô֣Ϊʲôң
ȽҹԸʲôԪȴܲʸԴֽǵһξӵ¼òضԴ
ֻǾǸ˵˵ˡ
ȽҹĻشûԪһ£ŵص

Ŀ䵽˻ԪϣȽҹһЩײòɣ˵Ļ𣿡
Ԫ죬ȽҹԸʵǺܹ֣׵ĲԼ˼˼Ҳ͸ȻĻ࣬ǻԪ֪κ˶
ƫƫͲ϶ЩһͣҲǹĺܣԪʵЩš
ʵԪ˵죬վû˵
ŮӣʱҲԵʧȽҹƽرͷȥպǻһ죬ϣҵĻ
ָ⻺زƷңаСβָһԪĲ׽ˡ
ֵôƽ
ҪˣҪһģڿû۵ıҪˣҾ͸˵һɣͺã಻žͿԼˡ
ȽҹһεĻ˵úܿ죬ûиԪĻᣬͼ³ѡӣϣһ֣ڵˣ˹ܸߣĪа֮ϣҲע⵽ˣҲһЩ鷳㡭Ҫи׼
ȽҹĻ˺ܶණȻԪ˶磬ƺںȽҹһ
ξԼλþȻ˲ۣһǿĶּˣµڶɵڣ֮ǰڡ
ûнľԶ¼ȽҹԼ˵ܶ໰ڣĻ˵ˡ
ȹڿаڶһССĻȣȽҹûкͻԪתԺȥ
Ԫ̧̧֣ĶҾĿ֡
ȽҹĽŲͣˣһ̧ҷɵ
Ŀһ˿ȴطڻԪ澪㵵Ŀ֮УǸҾȻΪҽ
һ΢紵ѾˣȽҹͷ˻Ԫһۣ
ûлֻ
ȽҹЩĻԪһ䣬Լ˶ңôֵܹҵͷϡ

Ƚҹִܹ
ԪֻٴνͣҽĿֻ㣬ȻֽˣΪҽ
ȽҹѾԾ䵽֮ϣͷ˻Ԫһۣٴҽ㣬ûлң
˵Ժ󣬽շɶɣУ֮Ѿʧ˻ԪУټˡ
Ԫ컹һ䣬ͻȻȴˡ
ǸįӰԼû˵ǸңǸֵ˲Լ
ѵҵжǴ𣿡
Ԫ濴ȽҹʧķЩĪʧ䣬ԭᶨҲЩˡ

׼طֵʱͻȻԪϴɣʲôطΪʲôٳҲ㣿
ԪĴʶղŵһǱȽҹڱˣҲԼ
æһ䣺ղЩ飬ô˳ϣ
ʱһ̽Ŀ䵽˻Ԫϣ֪Լˡ
ɣЩɣ䵱ɱˣ䵱˱ɱֻһ˳ھ֣
Ԫʱһ䵱ĴɣԿڽǰʮУȻ˸ˣ
æʩչṦһԾʮɣ֮Ѿص¡
ֱӷ˷ԺѾȫˣеĸ߲㶼
յݵ䵱ίٵڣԪ󣬾ȻЩʹ˹һ䷽ɰɲˣһҪƶ
Ԫ漱æȥӣƶɮͬһɵţ˴˰ȻӦõģʲô
ӵǸ֣ǿƽһϢ˵صɰ֪˼ֱˣ䵱ɽȻҪ䵱ɼ齵̡
һ̵֮ţԪҲ΢΢üԶӵ̣ʲôʱôˣ
ǵλشģ
ƶȻӦǣû뵽̾ȻһԲĸִӣǷִԺͶˣǸһҺλʦܵλʦΪڻƶѾˣֻƶһ˳ӳ֮ʱѾǷŻ䵱ɣ䵱ѾѾȫڽϳˣƶƶʦү
䵱ţϵ̳һ̾ȻȺɮǰʹ飬ȫʧ̬ɼܵ˶Ĵ
ǻԪĻһϢǾ棬ȻԲĴڣ


615 
ϵô˲Ϣ䣬˭Ҳ۵̾Ȼͻ𣬶̶̲ʮ֮ڣ䵱ǡɽŵȼȺ⵽ŲҰ֮Ϊ
н䵱ǶɵУȻֱһԲӣҰʱҲͬ˵ˣԲġ
ɽŵ棬Ƿֱ׼Բӡ
⼸ɻ¾ɾֻ˳Ϣ˳
ǱŵԭһģҪǹ齵̵ʥҪһͳвϹ齵ˣᱻ
ݻԪĲ²⣬϶еɶѡ˵ֿףıϾ˵жѾΪ̵ɣֻûôϢˡ
Ǽӳ˽̵˳ּڵֿ˸ڡ
ЩϢһ˼ΣѾĸɣɱ˽ǧˣ˭֪һҪʲô
ҰּΪӦˣҵʱԩԩг𱨳һʱ˷Ʈҡ֮Уڷңɱ¾Ѿ˻״̬
ɺʶ֮ʿʶԲȥˣ˿ʼıϵˡ

ʮգԪӭһĿˡ
ֻԪûЩ˽£ǽȫһɽͷϵԺ֮ڡ
ΪȫŮӣһ˶ûС
໨Ż䡢èèԼʮ仨̵Ůӡ
ôŻСŮӡ
ĽꡢīԼĺļʮŮӡ
һǰģ˺ŴȺիŮӡ
һֲμʱ򣬾֪ԱҪһŮӵԺͶģĵغͻԪ潻һ£õ˻Ԫɺ󣬾;ȺիȫǨ
ĴȺիѾˣҲ;ǱߵദĲ죬Ծͳ
Щ֮⣬޲ҲһͬסԺ֮С
ݺݺһٶˣԪԸ𰲶ˡ
ҿʼʱͼƻˣ˭סʲôԺﶼаţԪҲæҡ
Ժʱ򣬻ԪͿǹһ⣬ǾԺڲһСԺ䣬ЩСԺ䣬ûʲôߵ֣֮סκεطһģΪݴһպΡ
ЩԺӵĹֶһģʹ໨仨̵ĴҲһ
ȻҲĸı˵ݲ࣬Ƕ໨Ǻ𾴵ģͻǹǽλЩ浱֮ĵһӹɵġ
ԼʹԪõԺӴҲ˵ʲô
ȻҪǰò֣ԺӾͲ÷ˣԪҲ޴Ǹע
໨֮󣬵ԼסԼĻԪԪ棬̣˽٣
໨Ԫ滹Ǻ𾴵ģȻԼĹϵܣҲܵ飬Ƕ⣬˵ʲô໨ʣԪɫ¹أ϶֪Ǻܶ࣬˵һɣݵһʲô
໨΢΢ҡͷΪɣǴţպпܽɣڽ£ʱ˽գӦ䣬ѵѡ죬ϯԭ֮ƣ֮ɽʥΣܲ˽
Ԫ΢ЩΣ˽⣬ȷʵϢࡣ
໨Ա֪ظ࣬ɴûԪ£Ĵߣ˴һߣȷʵ˵һǸҵ˽⣬ʵڵȴʥĳ
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Ԫһ£ڵĸ־ȻԲĴڡ
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໨ʵҲһߣűܵų⣬ҲżΪǿʵǸԭҰˣǼ伵޵ġ
Ԫȴһ⣬ǲ֪Щ棬ûбʵﵽˡľأ
һֱŻԪ棬Ƚҹ뿪ˣǼΪĵ뿪ˣΪԼĲΣǳʧ
ԪҲȽҹҲǼ֤ݣ˵һﵽĸ֣ôȽҹɾСˣڱ£ͺܿܲȽҹġ
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Ȼ໨֪£Ԫ淢ʺÿü΢΢ҡͷӦûеģϣﵽûм̲Ӧô˵ĳһġ
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Ŷ֪˭ﵽľ磿
໨εȵϽʲôĲǻԪܱȵģȻδлԪһЩС׵
ʱԪʶ˵ˣ֪ûõģֱӵǰտһŮӣȽҹ໨İɡ
˵ʲô㿴
໨ͻȻȵվĿԲŵؿŻԪ棬ʲô췽ҹ̷Ƶġ
Ԫо໨ķӦЩˣҲһ飬໨ûнȽҹʦǽһ
ķӦˣԪЩɻص໨ʲôֵ𣿡
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߶䣬໨תͷȥԪ棺Ԫ棬ʲô
Ӧáɢɢĵİɡ
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⻹࣬ʲô£ǲǹˡ
໨ƺҲȻûκ⣬ȻֶԻԪ֪ﵽľ磿
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Ľ㣿ڵˣ
ԪԺת˼ȦͻȻʶ˰Ľ˭ԭĽħ̽ٵν֮һνǰĽ㣬Ͷͬһʱڵ
ƺʲôط˵
ԺһԪͻȻʶʲôȥĺĽβйԼȥѰһĽ˵䣬񲻾
Īǡ
Լ䣬ԪԼץסʲôصˡ


616 ѧ
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ͰҲԺ֮оסǵǸȴûиһ֪ȥʲôط
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Ԫţڱ˲ȽҹĻô˭أǰĽڳ
ǣǳʲôĿأ
ЩͷۣԪɴʱͷ
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񣬻ԪЩɣһɣӦֻ̣¶ɽһǵѾ𾪽ǸӦгǿʵġ
ԪĬĬ㣬ϵͳͯӹ񷴶ԼΪԪѾͯӹڣֻҪﵽڶ֮ͯӹǴˣѾˡ
ǰʲô³ţԪ涼һǰȣλá
ȻǸڴΪԼĶ֣Ҳ˵һɣⲻòǡ
оµһɵˣ֮ǰ̵µһҲԼδĵˣ񣬳ԽһҪġ
Ԫ뵽໨סڵѾڵǰˣ˽һ¶ֵʱˡ
໨ƺڵ˹ϵ
ֻйͬ͵˰ˣҲνˣϾҵ仨̶ûˣĶҲΪĪа˼£ծһᣬʲôඡԺˣ
໨˵Żչһ֫Ȼ˴ϣõξԣ۾΢΢ţЦӯӯؿŻԪ棬ܹˣ
ԪԾһʵĶ໨˽ģҲΨһ˽ģԵʱ໥֮ҲһЩ˼ɣ໨޼ɵԼȻǿЦĳɷ־Ӷ࣬ҲûԪЩڡ
ֻûɢһעڵĸƺ٣
Ԫѯڵ໨ЦԪ棬ʱǲҪڵˣƹʱתмλǿĳ֣ȻʵѾˣǼˣûʤ㡣
˵ڻһˣҲҪ໨֪ˣ
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ԪͻȻ໨۾ɫ໨˵гһգҽҪϵжԵص·أ
໨ٿԪı飬һʱҲ˶ŪΪŪҵķޣȻһ𡣡

ٺԺ֮󣬻Ԫͷ¼ԺǱߵʵҲǳǿ໨ڣаҽڣʹͬʱԲҲֲȥ
ͯӹҪԪǳڴɵһ죬ʱѾˣ˸Իһ꣬Ѿȥĸ£ʱ㣬Ԫ滹а˸µʱڣҪ뾡һа취ʵԱ
Ҳÿһ춼д·̾˵һĹ֮ҲʱƽȻѡڻɽ֮̾ᣬҪɽһԭľݵ㡣
⻹̵ԴԴϵؽԭǰɽ
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Ҫ󱻻ԪˣһɲĿˣַڱչأʱܳ棬һ鶼ȵ³ŵʱ顣
֮⣬ɶûǸϽǾֻ۰Ͱ͵صŻԪصӡ
Ͻһƽӡ
ҲԪĿ꣬Ҫ֮ǰֵʵһ̨ס
ֻǿ˲Ǹʱ¸ɣ̣ڣԪ涼ӵе
ܿ͵˰ʮڣԪҲû뿪ԺڷԺڽĳ齱
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ڶγ齱ٴûԪϲһΣȻȡһöѵһмѧ
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ʹѧָôָﵽѧһǸԶ̵ָԪЩ
ѡ̫ؼˣԪһҲܴ⣬Ҫʹųַ
ָаƿԽǻԪ沢书ΪѾˡ
ϵͳĳѧԪãѧҲĳѧҪǿһЩ
ѡƾЩصˣڵ͵Դ˷ѣ迼ǡ
ǰƣôԪѡռСһЩͽ
书ԭǸ߼ѧǻԪǿսڣ书İǼΪѧԪ涼Լܹӵжôǿ
н֣ĽַԲƣǻԪպĵˣԲﲻԲѾΪĵˣԼǽֽˣôﵽһķأ
ӦһԲҲܴ˰ɣ
ָ֣һԶ̹һ޵Уһ޵УԪһʱЩΪѣӦѡźã


617 ʳħ̵ĸ
ԼѡԪһᡣ
ĿǲµģΪԪ治֪߼ѧѧ֮ﵽһʲô
İ취Ҫϵͳѯʡ
ҿԲѯ߼ѧѧ֮ı仯𣿡
ϵͳһâ˸˻ش𣬡Բѯ
ҲѯָԺ
ָ߼ѧɽ֮ΪѧЧ̿ɴһʮףǿɱ˾Ϊʮףʮ׾ΪΪԲǿһһʮǿΪԲǿһ
ϵͳͱȽˣʮ֮ڵһ൱ڻԪƵĽ𶥷Ƶǳʮ֮⣬һʮ֮ʱ򣬾൱ڷֵˡ
֮ǿҲﲻɽӵ
ƾԶ̣ͻȻԱȽǿ
Ԫûر⣬룺Ҳѯ֮
ϵͳâٴ˸֮ԿԲڵ
ѡ񣬻ԪЩĶĻԼžͿԺǸһƴˣҲǲġ
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ܲ࣬ǻԪ滹ǱȽѡ
Ž֣ôպ˵սʱǸڵĴ˻ܹԼ
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ٴѯʣ߼ѧѧҪʱ䣿
˲䣡
Ԫ˵ͷرϵͳö߼ѧպáȻȽڽ֣ҲҪҪĳЩضʱҪʲôȲѡһҪѡʱ򣬻ԪҲ˲ɡ
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ϲ˵ǸоʲôΪûǷݹ쳣
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ĽȴûԪ۾ٰ׾Ȼս֮ݣ֪գ׵Īаƿء
ǸҲǳͶԷһԲ߻һԭἵĳϰȴάƽ⣬ѪӰ񹦻壬лʤĻҲϻʤˮͼԡ
ٰˣĪаһԲҲǴ˸ѷָ¡
ħ̵ʣ˵ȾͲʣ˵ȵĶˣĪаͶӣԼԭһЩἵ⣬˵ٴαɱħڳΪһտӡ
һս󣬶Ҳħ̣һЩ˷ˡ
ħ̾ȻֻʣĪаһˣ̵ĸҲԸĪаƼˣԲǽ
ӴˣаʥڽĪа뿪ɽ֪䡣
̵˹ħ֮ٴζԽһ𾪵ϢǵһĿ꣬Ǻɽ¡
̵ԲҲعˣһԯۣһ磬ԳʥĵӣǽԲһʱˡ
ԯ۸ǿڳԣַһԹ׼齵̣Ȼɽħֵ̾³
ǻƣֵˣԲֻǶ˴ӣ֪ôʱȻ׷Ī
ЩҪֽ˵ʱҲˣҵĿⶼе̵һϣܹһأôʲôãǹһأǲҪߵ̫Ϊá
̲˵˵ѵģ˵Щ֮󣬾Ϳʼһֲٶַǰ
ɽ¥Ŀⶼע֡
һأһ䵣ƶûжˣǹȥһأôʲôҲҪˡ


618 ̵Ŀֲʵ
֮УʱرգڲޣӴǰͺͽ
ϢѾǰü͹ȥˣɽҲרǰֵˡ
ֶģһͶûС
ԪҪרӦԼΣ̵Ľʷǰġ
ΪֵʵѾкܶ඼¶ˣԼʵĴڣѾʲôܣ֪ЩʵҷųҪʰ֣һǰ׼ʱ䣬ɼоԵĵġ
ԪķԺڣָ߲ٴξۼԲߡ
Ԫ죺һ޺õôˣ
ʦѾͣ߸ˣһʦ壬һ˸Ϊ󷨵ĺģһ쾳ĵҲգʹԲǵĴҲûлᡣ
ΪܵõԪĿ佱û뵽Ԫȴǰ˸ڣ߸˸Ǵﵽ˺ڶ壬һ쾳ϣֻܶԸһԲ֣Ǿ̫ʧˡ
һ£û뵽ʦҰ֮ѵҪ󷨶ԸԲ
ȻԪԲǿӦԣ
ԥһ£ǻûԹȥԸԲЩѶȡ
ʱһӿڵʦ֣鲻ֻܹʦֶǣҪ󷨺棬ʦҵĹһЩӰת󷨱иɻġֻһ㣬󷨵ڡ
Ԫ濴˿һи̾һ޺ҪĲ־ǰ˸ɵ󷨺ģ˲룬ô󷨾ɽ֮ˣԸԲһⶼûУƫƫȱǬţֻһʱ棬һ㣬Чʹۿˡ
ԪƻһƶȥģһƵʵƫƫǿһЩ߸ҲĶЧãֻùԲһЩһһ
ҲԽһ׼ԲսųԸв
취ֲ㣬߸Ҫע󷨵ֻһʦӴһߣѹֵһ¡
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һǸ˻ԪһľϲһͻƣΪڡ
ʮҲȫڣʮͭ˹󷨣Ѿ㹻ӦһԲˡ
һǫɵͷü֮ĽѾβסˡ
ΣͷΪֳÿһɮµ룬ѾսؿͣҪĲС
󷨣ǻԪĵƣֶⱩ¶ʵܶ࣬󷨣ȴûǰʩչΪʮþȣԪҪ󷨺úõдǰĿˡ
֮⣬ֻԼ໨ҲӦԲˡ
ؼʱ̣ҽҲֵܵһԲЩǺ֡
ҪԲֲǿֳƽлҪԿ໨
ԪԼսҲѾǳ֮ǿ
д󣬾ҪܴĴ۲С
ٴοһƣʦܣ̵ˣ
һվ˳ԻԪʩ񣺡ɣ̵˹⻺нʵҲڵȴǵԮ
ȴԮ
Ǵɽħ̳һ·ٶҲ죬ûƺӶɿڣҪ֣Ҫʱ䣬ղѾǴϢѾԲǵĶ顣
һƴϢԪȻ
ûˣ̾µһɣΪĿǰѾԲ֣ʵµһ޷š
ֻǻԪôҲ벻ͨô̻˵ʵȴ겻ǰ϶Ǽ
֪ڲ
Ҳ鵽һ㣬ǲ̫׼ȷ
һ˵ŻԵЩԥȻϢҲò׼
Ҳ޷˵
ģʱ䰴շɵķԸȫ̵飬⽨Ѿӽˣǵϳͷɽŷ̵ҲǺܶ࣬ͽҲǷǳϸ񣬶Һעʣ˵ûмӹ֣̳ˮıϡ
˵ʲôǵ̳ˮ
Ԫһ£͵һ飬ԭˮǡ
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쵼һŶӣܶ𣿡
֪֪ԯۺˣǳŵĳϣЩ϶һͬص㣬ǼǵʥڽسʳԺǽþ͸ˡ
ؽԪָûϡ
ɣһ壬֪ԲǳŵһԱŵĳ϶ԲʵˣһǾͺܱˡ
ԪﻹһǣνʥҲǸľսֻ֣⻹ֻǲ²⣬Ҳ˵Ȼ»ŪĻ̡̻
ǰѾԲˣһԷѾԲ֣ȫֻҲҪ൱ۡ
ʱԱߵһ˵һ䣺Էλ֮ԲҪ֪ԲͻҪѧľУѵʲôطɣ
һʣһЩԥص飬һ˵ˮеÿʮһΣÿһʱ򣬶һ̵˽ˮһ֮뿪ڣȻ͹ΪʵӵߣҲ֪Ǽ١
Ӧġ
Ԫ濪ˣˣ޷Ϊʲô̻ЩԲֵĴڣˮڣ϶мܡ
һʱȴͻȻɴ۾һʦ֣˵ʮһ̵˻ˮȻĻѾ˰꣬˵
һЩصصͷ࣬˵ģô̹Ѿ˾Բĸ֣ʮ
һԺһƬȻ
ȻʮԲ֣ģϻʲôܺ̿⣡
Ԫ涼΢΢ɫ鷳ɾʹˣ
ΧЩҵָ߲㣬Ԫ治ò̫ģٻд̣ҼʹԷʮԲ֣Ҳһǰֻ֣ҪУǵĻˡ
ԪĻһЩģǰֻҪԷУڵһεĹûгȫôֻҪɱ֮У˫˳֮£Ҳδؾܽκˡ
ǣҪԸ֣л᲻ʲôصĺأ
ûܸ𰸣һҲûʲôԪʾץȥ׼̵ǰٶȣպ֣ܵǸʱҪˡ
뿪󣬻ԪǶ˳˼Щʧˣ̬ǰδеأҲԼӦٿѰһԮˡ
ʱ򣬻˭ְæأ


619 ĴԲ
ǰǷĹٵϣһǰС
жٶˣϵĻɳѾȥϢһ֮Щ˾ٱ˿һƥͷݡ
Щ˿ȥԭʿвͬĸߴ󣬻һŵȺ涼Ǳδ󺺡
ǰƥŶС
ͬһĶ飬ǰ濪·Ķආǰĸˣһ̸ЦֻżĿ⿪ϼ䣬һĨ˸˲ļ¡
ĸ磬˵ʱӦǸʲôӣ
һһ·Ĵ󺺿ѯʣѯʵĿһӡ
Ǽѵõӣ´ѯʣһЦһΪǼɹ˰ɡ
ѵ𣿡
Сˣ⼸ֵ֮ʵͻͽĺأǵ֪ҪϢûߣԴ׼ΪأǾһսأ
Աһ´ʵĸ磬Ϣ׼ȷ𣿡
Ȼ׼ȷ촫Ϣ
ĸ磬ҿϢδ׼ȷֵõǽϢ֮󣬴ֻ֪˵Ĵڰɣ֪ҺϾҲˣǻҲţ
ĸӻͷ˿´󺺺ͺ´󺺣ϰϾţԭǿˣǧҪСǵռ鱨Ҫô飬ѵȥǸСѾ֪ˣǻûҲʵǧܴ⣬С淭
Ӿ̵ԯۣ߻һһµĺӣǺһǰԭ硣
󺺣ԯĸ磬磬ԯǽϰϾţƺֵһĹϵ
ϰЩ˼صĸ磬ûôı°ɡǵĵϸҲˣǸϺһ䷽⣬ûʲôõóֵĸֵġʹǸĦõһ׼ԲǰҲʲôɡ
Ҿ˵ǵϢˣҲ֪ɡǰ죬໨ǸŮѾ仧֣Ů𣿡
ϰϾŶɫһ䣬ͬص˵໨Ǹʹɵ໨𣿡
ѵΪ»еڶ໨ֵ𣿡
ԯ۵ĻϰϾŶǱɫ
໨ͷȷʵˣʹǼ⣬ŮҲ׹ˣɵ𽭺ҲԲ
ԲºͬȼĶսΪҶԲʹ򲻹ֻҪʵ̫⣬ġ
ҪԲһԸԵĶ֣ô໨ŵǰ
ԭɵ̫ˣɱͬȼֵĴڣûԸȥԡ໨ţϰϾŶЩ㶡
ԯۿϰϾŵӣûô򣺡Ҿ˵ǧܴ⣬ǸһԲסǺˣ˭ȥԸ໨أ㣿㣿
ԯ۵ĻϰϾԣ˭ҲԸȥ໨ķǣһŮ˵ķɵ֮ʵǲܽܵ飬ǲŲȥ
ǸϾŲŵĸ磬Է໨ڣҪ֣൱ĴǲܵģֵҲ٣㲻û׳ء
ԯ΢΢ͷ˵ò໨ȷʵѶԸǵƾĸֻ»ѣǻҪ׼
ʱһֱĬӿڵ׼ҲҪһʵսһѾ޷ˣ̳ˡ
ԯ۵˵ͷҪ̳ˣѾֵ̳㱨ˣƶѾ·ˣֻҪôһεսʮþˡ
Ҫ
˶ؿԯۣĿ֮¶ϲ
糤̳׳ţ⣬ҲܸҪԸ໨Ҳû˭ˣһο϶Ƕǰ
˶سһǶǰȻһʧˣ໨ķɵɱ»һ㣬Ҫ֪ľǿǡ
˶ǺٺٵЦһ£һѶ˼
ԯҲЦ໨ˣһģǲܵ׼Щһһ׼
׼ĪҲҪǲ̳𣿡
ߣҲף壬㻹ǵɽħϵսɡ
Źȥ죬Ȼǵá
ѵΪһսӮĺѵûһЩʲô
һ£Ȼ򣺡ĸ磬ˣ˵
׾ͺã˶ӣͲҪ˵ˡ
ԯۻֹ˵ȥȻĶ鿴˿
ǵ󣬶ٶ̵ͳһʽķװؿ涼һצ
ڵǰ棬Ȼڵĸ֣쾳Ĵ󲿶ӣ쾳µģһûС
һ֧飬ٱ˶ƵߣʵҲںٱǧҲֵúȥ
̵ȼƶȷʵҲΪʹ⼸ԲҲŷĽ޵ģĸˣǸĸԯΪ׵ģ֮ϰϾĵģԶ˷ǳ𾴡
Ҵ濴ǵòҲкܴԯۿ;ҪһЩԼʮͣ翴ȥʮˡ
ǸϰϾţȥˣϾţоҲǶʮͷǾȻԲˣõȥ˵һŵġ
ĸ磬Ļһֿ϶ڽˣһοҪˡ
ٺ٣ҾͲˣֵԱߣ½һԺ˵Ů˼ܵȥˣΪܹǰɣҵʱҪúõѡһѡ
֪ĸϲôã໨͸ˣŮ˿Ƿ绪һио
ϰ㲻ҪҿЦˣĸ֪֮໨ֵģǶлȾָģҶ粻ɱңҲ׼໨һɵ
ĸǺܲңۿҲûķݶ
ԯ۰˰֣ɲֹ໨һŮˣͰŮ֪ɣһԶûȫ໨ھͺԤˣȴ֮ǿɲ
ԯ۴ͷ༸Ҳ˵Լǵˣֻ˵ȵȣŮʱ򻹲
һ·ǰУڰ¶ʮʱ˵Ƿسǡ
ʵϵǷسѾ»ҪԶһ㣬ǻ˵Ƿ⣬ΪѾõһЩϢǵԮڵǷسǺǻϡ
һǷϢܿڽϴˣĴֵĳָǽŵĴҴһ군ˣĸԲû˻лġ
ܶѾͼȥӽ̣Է£ȡδĽаôֵˣѾûжȥעˡ


620 
Ƿسǵɿ¥𱬣һ䷷򲢲Ϊƽʿܶ࣬򶷵ҲʱзûˢӣɿԷûаȫϡ
ȻֿǷ⣬ֱϾţڽܲͲʲôִߣԪûǸȤ
쿪ڣɿ޹Ĵˣΰʲôģǻһһ硣
ǽʿ򻵵ģý˽ĻǺܶ࣬һ򻵵Ķ⳥ֱһҹȥȻٿ
ЩӰɿ⣬ԽԽЩҼįĽ˻ԽԸɿ߻ӣ·ʱгû˴̽ϢҲ
ɿͺܻ𱬣һ¥Ƕ¥ż䶼Աˡ
ֵĵطһ¥ɿ˺ܶΣΧĵƤ٣ڷ˶ʮţǸѾ㹻ģˡ
ʮҲˣʿռ˴룬һȭߺЩλεĵ洦ڷţһԼݣҲˡ
Щۣ۵ģλڴߵһϣһ׷߶ռһһӵĲˣ⣬ϻ̳ӣͷһ˺ȵġ
һռһӣȴûʲô˸λá
ҲǱʹҪͷҲῴĿǲ֡ͷȻͲСˣȴһƣȻ붯һͷȴҲͷ
ͷԱһӣ߰˸δ󺺣⼸һЩĿⲻʱͷϣЩ˼
һһӣ붼ĭɵص缸ǣҿӮⳡսʤ
ֺһսռ˾ǻûʲôΪܻʤϾ˵̵ĴԲѾ쵽ǷˣǿԲһĸ˭ֵܵ
ֱ˵֣Χܶ˵Ŀ⣬ڶʱࡣ
Χ˵ĿⶼͶԼЩ⣬ɤӵǻòţѵͲ룬ʲôĸԲ𣿡
󺺵ɣͬһ˵Ӧòٰɣɽħ̶ˡħ̵ļԲֽİɣԲȥ𣿡
֪ȥɽʱȷʵԲֵ;Ȼ˵Բ˽˵ʵڵģ˵ʲôҲŵġǿԲǴײˣҪپжٵģʮˣҲȥոսڣôôԲ
һϯ˵ûҲӵ˵ԼʵΧĽĿ⡣
Ͼ϶˻Ǻ죬ﵽĻڣŵʲôطҲǸˡ
ΧЩ˱ԼסˣֵҸǣɽͷϣǶ֪˰ɡ
˵ŻָķȴǺڵɽͷϽԺסһȺľŮҲʲôˣϾǸס˵ģҲû˭ֻҪͲӰб
˷׷׵ͷ˵ʲô
һ֪ԺŮж໨໨˵û
Щ˵ͷЩҡͷ˶ôϢͨ
ٺ٣໨Ƕ֪ǿԲĸˣһַɵ޵У˭һɱԲֵڶΡ
Щʶ˷׷׵ͷЩĿ¶ȣš
ô书һɱˣԲҲһɱ𣿡
ªǲǣʵˣ໨ķɵһû˵ֵס˵˵ôһЩ̵˻ԲôˣԲҲˣ磬϶ǸϧǵأԲģ˵ƶѡ
󺺵ĻΧûʲô
ʣ˵ǷɵôҺôҲôˣû˵һɱ˵ֶΡ
㶮ʲôֹУһ˲䣬һжʤȱȽǣ໨һ˵Ǽȫһ֮ϣ񡭡
󺺵Ļû˵꣬Ա˷ˣι˵ǿ׵аɣʲôʲôصģžͲ߶˵໨ֻҪͬȾˣ˭һɱˣ
˵ˣô
ҲŲţȻûж೤ʱ䣬ҿɲ쾳һо͸ɵңһʲô䡣
ƺм硣ƲƲ֮ܣ֪ǧ磬㹦ͣҲƽϣҿûˡ
˵ŻƺѰûкԼʵ൱ġ
ȻҲ٣ǴﵽڵĻû˭󺺿һȦƺЩʧĿ䵽Ǹͷϡ
۾һǸͷιͷƺӣ˵Ļ𣿡
ͷһ̳Ŀץ࣬˹ˡغһڣŽ̳ӷ£ĨĨ죺Ϸ¼һƵеı£ϷûС
۾΢΢һ£ٺЦͷʶ̡ҿӣӦáҲһ˰ɡ
󺺵ĻѾһ˿Ƶ˼ͷûһڽţŽǰɣࡣ
ͷĻ󺺴λվͷĶ
ͷͻȻιûϷһ߶ȥ
󺺽žƾ˿ûֽĸֵ˹һͷϡ
ͷѵʮ꣬һоѧɡƾһУԶԸκڵĶ֣𣿡
ͷƺһ£ɣȷһǵ
ȻԴģȻǵ𣿡
ͷҡҡͷϷš
¶һ˿׹⣺ͷȻ㲻ţɸһԣ
ռϷӰɣͷŴ󺺵۾
󺺲ÿɷص˵ͷͷȻˣҲ˲˵ܵסһͼԣǵסһߺˣǾͲҪռéӲʺˣó
˺ܶ࣬Ҳôطǿʳǿÿ춼ڷţҲ˾ռˣȻоͷȽϵùȴҲûǿͷ򱧲ƽġ
Ϊͷѡãû뵽ͷȴһץһȶһֶֻԴкţϷԴкԴ˲㸺𡣡
ƲԳԷƣ
û뵽ͷȻƣ󺺾ûˣֱץϵĸֵȻӾһ̣
һƬͻȻ˾¥ڣ
Ƕǰһɫף󺺵һǶԼʩչģôԼǵֵסġ
һƬ֮Уָ˳
飡
쵶ʧ٣˶ȵŴ죬ŵؿͷ򵥵ֱ֣ӽһѳصĸֵָ֮УеôȣôΣ
ǡ顭顭
ЩʶѾϲ£ˣû뵽һоȻĴڣ


621 
ɿĿջѻȸһû𣬵˵Ķӹͺʥ¡صǳһ˵ӵɵϴ󣬿ǸͷָڵĴ󺺱ͨ
ˣһǴ˵еϬһָԼסԷĹ
ˣͷǱָ̬ܽһѴ󵶼ҲһŪýָˡ
ͨ죬˫۽ȴôҲܽĴ󵶳ۿŶðˡ
ڲͣطʱͷͻȻָһ֣Ϊֱͣˤ˸Ľų죬ֵˤԶΪǱ
һӽܷ׷İߺţţţȴû˸ǰȥǸͷ鷳
󺺸ɫҰףͷĿͬһֻͷȻ˹
Щı´򲻹ͷת뿪ֹҲסѵʱһ˻žǺܶݡ
ݵһĸĸߴſһվⶼ棬һʱоãĸһ̫˰ɣ
Ե۹⿴һȦˣ˫Ȼһӣһ뷨ĸо
ڵĴ󺺣˵ĿҲЩĸ˵Ĺ̫ˣȻԼ޷ԿĸоҪ֪ԼѾڶ壬ڡҲܴԼ˵ĸо
Īĸˡ
Ѿȥˡ
ǵע£ĸ˴ȻǸͷߣ뻮һĹʩ磡
׷ͷ̧ͷĸһۣˣԷɣԱǺȥܡ
ĸ˺ٺЦӵĺòˣֿӿ
Χ˿ż˵ĳƺʶǸ׷ͷǶôֲĸ֣ĸ˿ȥôҪ磬ҪֵùأʵΪĽ˵ʲôҶס
кµ˵濴˿ŷȻ˶ٶˣҲ׷ǰȥԶؿӣǶٶƥͷŵĸо
ʱˣЩ˾ǹ̵ˣ鷳ˣ
Ϣ˳򣬺ܿĴĵǷĴСԷɿٶܱ߷䡣
̵ֺսĿʼˡ
Ǹɿ¥ϬһָļסһѸֵͷǳΪĽ㡣
Щ֪ģӲһˣ໨ķɵϬһָȥһεսһϣûˡ
Ͼ黹ûͷǶΣԭ˵һսҪδ죬ҪĻ

໨ͰҽһڻԪķԺʱ¶һ㵣ͬʱһЩϲ
һֵΣҲûˣԴ̵˵˵ǷԺ˻ԪķԺڣʱԪ棬ע̵˶
֪ɽͷסһȺӾûָЩӾΪֳ뷨棬вŮƺͷɵĹϵЩŮһܹԴ׾ͺ˲ˣָǱ
Ҳûп̽ɽͷ໨ͰҽȸֵĴҲ
տ໨֮̾͸оˣŮӵĹ߲֮Լ٣Ϣоļ¡
ԱߵİҽȻһЩǶһ֣ҲܿҲǲ򵥣С
һŮ˻ԪķԺڣԪ΢Цͷܸˡ
໨ãλֳϣϡ
ŮӶʩǲǲʶֶԸĲˣֻǸʱжϹֳ֣ϣȻҪʶһ¡
ҲԼŮӻ׻Ȼпõλʵ֮һ̾ͲѶԸˡ
ˣԶԿԲʤܴô˵Ҳš
໨ԺƺûôֹۣǶԻԪԪ棬ϣǲ̫äĿֹۣɽµĴԲ֪ûУ̵һλϣȻᴫ˵еϬһָ
Ԫ΢΢üϢǵȻˣ໨ķɵǺһвϬһָ֣ͱø
໨ķɵϣôһεս̫ˡ
ԪʱĵһЩչ̵ĳһоˣʮһǽ꣬ó˾ϣÿһϵĹҪһҪߣϬһָĶϣֻ֮ŵڶ
ԪĻҲ̾ϢһˣϽԲ඼аʮʱˣһϬһָľֻ¡ֻѾ
Ļû˵꣬ļ˶˼ȻҪ˵ϵĹѾﵽˡľ磬ĸֵ֣ܵס
໨ҲԵ磬ȻԷϬһָ໨ﻹһЩյģɵǳصģǳɱһˣֻ¶ԷϬһָҲԵֵ
ǶԷĹԼ֮ϣﵽˡ֮ô໨İվС̫ˡ
״̬òһϬһָ֣໨ϻɱĿԲ
˶¶ԿյɫԪ淴ЦˣҶôˣѵ֮ǾԲֿܵ𣿡
ʱ֪ȻﵽǺôҲӽˡһԲһ𣬾̶ȵΧһĳһ˵ǸӵĽӽȻһԲȫ˵һԲˣһЩ̶ϣѾ˱ˡ
ĻԪȫܹ⣬֮磬Щӽ޵˵ķˣͱȽҹУǻ书ô߶ˡ
ǻԪţֻҪս֮ҲǲֿܵģϾҲԲû̫ϵ𣬻已̥ûʲôġ
һҪһҪ
ԪʱھӦø໨ЩһˣڵܹԸǸ̵Ķϣжʤ㣿
໨һ£ȵǸĶϱסôʰԷ༸еκһ
໨ҲоĻɱҲȫ
ҽҲˣ˵ǽöʱһЩµ򣬼ʹܱ֤ɱһԲǲһûģҲʲôΣա
˵꣬Ŀⶼ䵽˻ԪϣǲŻԪʲô취סһ֮ĸ֡
ԪЦס֮˵ȻңǡɣҪˡ
δ䣬淽Ժſˣֻ໨Ůӣɽ֮еĻ˽
໨΢΢һüͷ˻Ԫһۣ̲ס֪ˣ
໨ѡ仨̵Ĵˣֻ仨ѾˣƶɮֻܶˣһҪ֡
˵Ż໨ʩȻ̧һĨǸƽƽ׾ȻһȻҲһƤߡ
ߵ棬һͬŮ׳֣һ˿ʥϢ


622 ˲
ǰСԪ໨໨ݣЩƶɮĴ¡
໨ЩԣǰȷʵˣҲ仨̵ˣ仨̶ˣҲû塣
ֻΪλԪ˵أ
ԪҲ֪ƶɮ߸ӣʵϣƶɮӦһŮӣһֱݣƶɮȻûзƶɮĵڰ˸ӣ˲֮еǬţҪƶɮ糿ȥǱߵԺżȻ֮䷢˻ݣ黹֪Ҫӵʲôʱ򡣡
ǲ֪ԪϵͳԪĻЩģֻˣΪ䲻ݣԱԪ濴Ϊˡ
ú໨˻ԪһۣյӾյӣͳƯʲôϵô˼ҲÿʱͲӣƯͿ
Ԫ޷Ͼֻͣתƻ⣬ǻˣΪ˲֮ǬţԸ⣿
Ŀ䵽໨ϣ໨΢΢ͷʾ޷
ת˻Ԫл̧乧ˡ
ԪƴЦãáôƶɮһ¡
˵Ժ󣬻Ԫһ䣬ֱӸ˹ඥ
ϾЩףʹ໨Ҳܱ俴òý͡
ඥ֮󣬻ĹֱӴڶڶ壬ͻԪ߸һˮƽ
ΪʦҲһţ۶䣬ΪʦҲҪȣʱʹУ֮պ˵
Ԫ룬Լ㲻Ҳûһɻˣ»ֻȨ֮ƣֻҪ˲ۣһ޺Ϳ͡պΣǿԼܻܲһꡣ
䱻ԪඥԺҲ𾪣ǰķȻȻؾеĸоʼʱΪ໨ӦԪģԼֵˡ
Ӽʦ
Ԫʩ˰ʦʽ
ãȥѰλʦ֣Ϥһ޺ҵκսؼ֮һҪ֣ǳҪ
ס
ӦԺ󣬻Ԫڵϵͳʾ
ϲ˰˲ϵͳѧƵʽʽա
Ԫ澡ϵƽڻǰ¶鿴Լ»õƷ
ƻԪѾУֻУֱǣ٤գӭ졣
з٤νӻԪ֮ǰѧĵʽɽӣҲ൱Ǵﵽ˽ˮƽ
һеŵڣԺͷɽνγĹǵһˡ
ǿһݺıϡ
ѧϰ˷٤֮󣬷Ҳһһʩչʱȫ˸ֵ֮Ĺâǿ౶Ҳǲ
˵лԻԪû̫ıƵĵʽӭûԪʵһʵķԾ
ӭУѾﵽĳڣ
Ҫ֪ԪͯӹڣȻʩչ֮ǳԽʩչˡ
ͬбףԪĿǰˮƽʩչƵĻʩչ֮Ҳ͵ͷˣӭ죬Ҳͻûս֮ˡ
һĿǰԻԪ˵ǽУܲʩչʩչ
һΪѹ׵ľУԪ̵вľСһЩ䲻⣬䲻һҲܴ漣
˴ԼʮӣȫѧϰϣԪ۾仹ؿԼΪʲôʦһֱ﷢
ˣʦղһЩȥɡ
֮߳໨˶ɴ۾ôһ򣬻ԪȻһڶ˺ڶ塣
˵Ŀ䵽˻Ԫϣȴһ˿ƣ֮⡣
໨ʵɣģ֮ǰѽ
ƶɮȻҵİ취Ȼֻܶҵĵʹá
Ԫ溬ǵؽһ䣬Щ鱾޷ϸͣܲ˵;˵
ǲ˻䣬Ȼһ£Ҳ˻Ԫ໨ȥѰļʦˡ
̵ĽѾüޣҪץһеʱȥϤһ޺õʱӰֵĴ¡
ԪʱŶ໨˵Ҳ֪ϰһ޺󣬻ǰȥϤ󷨣дõġ
ʱһ޺ȫɣõֻһԲ޷ֿȷʵǿսסԷֵĻȷʵһð취
˵һ£ǻ̫˰ɣ̵ЩѾ뿪˵Ƿ⣬ʱ־ܵˣü𣿡
ĻҲǻԪĵǣ۵ʱ̶ռţ̵˹̵ߣҲи޶ȣ쵽ĵǷ⣬Ϣ糿ӵǷģܵϤ󷨵ʱ䣬ֻһˡ
һ취ûУԪ滹д໨۵֮ϽɱԷ뷨ȸɵһԲôһսͺôˣڶԷĶϾȻĸ֣¾Ͳˡ
ϣıˣ죬ϣʵѾڱϾҵֶξֻôˣ̵Щˣǲֻб汩¶ʵ˵
ԪҲǵһУΪǾã̿²ֻ汩¶ʵô򵥣ҪǻʲôֵĻֿΣˡ
ʱսѾƶĲˣһ޺ΪҪסԷ֣һ֮أǾҪ¶
֮⣬оʮ޺ʮͭʵѾܹԲ⣬ǵסԷһԲһҲҪ
аҽãסԷϰ˻ϾеһˣΪԲʵ͵ģҽöԸ֮һҲʲôΣա
ȥԷԯۺˣһߣлԪ棬໨ˡ
ԪļƻԼסһˣԸһˣ໨ų
໨Ҫ񣬾ںʵĻ£ǿһһʤ
ֻҪ໨ܽһˣԼһͻռݾơ
໨һ񣬾ʱӶԷ᲻ỹʲô֣һԤӡ
ȻһƣʱսôչҪ
սǶǰĽ˾ѻ֮⣬ڲܱսٻ١
ɮ׼ˣһЩҪķʩҲλ͵̵ˡ
֮ʱѾٽ磬һ޺
ʱ۵ҲϢԷѾɽµҰ
Ԫվ˵ˣҲóȥˣֵ̣ǵķɣԭֵ˥Ϳһսˣ


623 Ȼս
ʱڣɽǧ죬һɽ·ǰС
ʼʱ򣬻һЩʿ濴֣ɽ֮ЩѾ׷׺ˣһֲôÿƱ̫ΣգռݸΧ׵
ǰ棬ԯۺ磬ϰϾţȼƶȷ
Բô˼ݣȴҲЩС
Ϊֵı̫ƽˣôҲһЩɮ²ִսն־ʵϣָøʲôʲôһ˶ûУֻ⼸ֹǰˣΪսǰ׼
һƬҶҴ£ϻ˻֣ҶΪ꣬Ʈڵء
ɲ֪ɫ౾ǿաߣǿɽŵĶ𣿡
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ף֪ǰҰڳ⸱ƣҲ޿֡ȻҲǵ̵ʲôҲҪСΪϡ
ģѾ׼ĺȫˣȻǸѱֺûиʲôõϢǴĻҲֵ֪ʵףǻк׼
ԯѱľԶһѾȥ̳˵Ҳɲ꣬ҲǺǲ˵ĺ׼𣿡
Ѿϵˣսҵʱ֣һá
΢΢ͷҲã¶̨ϵģǻõ׼ҲҪ൱׼˽䱸ɭϣһʱܲܳ׽Ǹ⣬ʵҸҹǡ
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˵ǣֻ໨
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˱۱ǰߣһѾǰĹ㳡
ֻԶԶ˹㳡Եͣ˽ŲԶԶԿǱߣǰߣҪսˡ
ǲǰУֵıȷʵܷ
µŴ󿪣ŵҰڷʻ˺̺һӭһ
еĽ䱸ɭϲûг֡һ˶
ҸӹģΧΧǽϣѾ֧˸߸ߵľ׮ľ׮֮ϲһ֧ʮɸߣ
߶ȣѾԽһṦԿԽķ룬ʹЩṦԲһԾʮɸҲѶȵġ
µͼԣЩ˴߽ȥǷǽȥǲеġ
ָЩ߸ߵȻʧЦͺ¿Ϊ˶ԸǻɷѿİѵΪЩ赲𣿡
˹Щص磬Ҳ̫⣬𹥻ݻЩѱԷںżһȦס
νİ˰֣ǣΪһԾЩԲŻ뱻Σ֮УҾûˣЩ赲ҵģˣȿԷںʲôá
˵ŻϿۣ޼ɵ̽
۸ոտһŴ۵ĽεĶһֻԼؿһη壬֮ʲôҲûп
ߣýƻֺУȻܸҵۣǲ򵥡
֪ԪѧϰƵĵʽ֮רŸű˵ۿ̽Ƿ־ܸԲĿ̽һУѾ赲Ŀ̽
ۿ̽ʧܣЩӹҲסˣ˵ְţǿɲǵԸȹȥźȴǵĲҺڣǾʹɱȥ
磬̫Σ˰ɣ
ʲôΣգΣա˵ҲͥŲˣ
Ҳո˵󣬲ԯ۵˵Ȱ裬ڿնУֱʮɸߣһԾ£
ԯ۵ں濴ţֻһӵͬƮĺƣֱȥ
Ȼ
ڿйЦһٶҲԸϷ򣬼ֱǻ֮Ϸھǣ
ڿм׹ӭЩͳȥһ̧֣ļɨȥԲӥõƣ·ĹȺȥ
ԯ۵ǿٵĿţȴЩĹ֣Ȼֱɱȥ
еĲҽûг֣һ󼱴ٶĽŲһߺ
֮ǶϵҲѽãȻǰٽ
ԯ۵һмƣ̼ӿŲŴһӵ롣
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һĳХһɫצĴǸϺ˳ԯ۶һ亹ϺйȻԼ֮ϣ
ֻʵֻ̧Աߵո֧ԮͿַһҲһ̧־ʮָХ֮˫Ʒ˸Ľ⣬Ժ֣ڣ߰ش˹
类һĹŪĻֽţҲ˲ȥԮԯֵֿۣ쵼ˡ
߿ٽϰϾǱҲûţҽ˫赣׷꣬ڤצ·Ѿ˺˿ռ䣬̼ͽϰѹŴˡ
ֻϾŵǰС
ϾűΪԼҲָ֣û뵽ľȻڼĸڡ
ʱϾŹЦˣȻЩֿңֱѰ·
Ļδ䣬оȻѸٵųһУһһĺ󱳣ǰ˫ƳʱһɴӿϾӲƴһƾȻ·磬Ͼŵǰ֮·׶
ʮгʮѸٵγһΧȦЩ뷢ϵɮ۾ȻԶѣ¶˽ɫļͭ
󷨣
סϾʱףԼԵЩжô̬æҵӦȴͣؽп࣬ôô໨
Ǳһʱָɮº̵սһţŴź¡¡Ĺرˡ
ֵǹŴ򹷣̵ˣһܷŹ
սոտʼѾ˰Ȼ״̬


624 ŮҰ
˭Ҳû뵽̵ֺսһʼʹ죬˫һʱֵŹر֮ڶʱɱ죡
ֵһԶǻԪս
ֵԭΪԪĻʵ̫࣬Ƿⷨ಻ͣرãӰųĿЧ
ϴûԪͺһ̻ͣɢʮɫĻӰ
ʹǰ죬ЧҲǺ¡¡ƺͲʱŭ𣬾ͺ̻ӱڣǻ䡣
ҲƵģΪ̵峤ϣλЩΣϲ²£ĸѹţĸףмλۣ籾˵ʵеģԭչֵġ
ħһսƴӣǷˮһսӵģ˫ûþͲ񫡣
һ֣ǲˣû뵽ƫƫùߵ˻Ԫ棬ԷٳĹֶδæңǲҪˣԱ˵
һأԪ漴ʹʵʱҲףҲûʱսⳡսеĴ
ֹƵͬʱԪ۾˲Զս໨
໨ɫȹڳߡ
µķɵѾ˳СɵķɵƺɢĹʡЩս˼ӱšΨ໨ķɵԼк
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ֻҪ໨ķɵ֣ԷļԲͶ޷רսΨ໨Լ֡
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ԯۺˣͲռƣ໨в¸š
Բߵռݶ̲ͨһЩͬ
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ʼ̵ĽΪսףû뵽ɮˮƽ֮ߣ
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һһޡ۽ڣǻţҲﵽڣӳһħˣһĹȻЩ֮ϡ
ȻһҲܸߣһǰԭҲȫ֣ںͺҲ٣һͺµĺǴͬײ㼤ң
һЩƣлһ׼ԲĴڣһ˶Էڣͬǹɨ䣬žѹŶڴ
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ͨܣôһսҲҪˣϾٶ֣ʹԲҲӡ
һ̵ļԲͨռϷ磬ȻҲ˶־׷׷ݹʱھԲᱻһĸ£ֻҪֵͨӴʤ֮ǾӮˡ
ԪսʱҲڹעͨߵս֡
ۿֵеֵסƣԪ֪ʱˡ
ֵ֮սκ൱ɱԪ治κ֡
ĬĬٻ֮һֱǱںĴʥţħ˳
һͬƸǶһڱգ׼̵ĵǿʼɱԵĹ
ǰǼΪǿģǽˣ͵Ҳڣÿ˶ŻɱǺѵģԻԪȡɱԹÿһǲݵģɽķ䳲һ¶Էɡ
Щ̵ĵӿʥ֮󣬲û֮ͬǰЩһĻҡ
֮ǰѾϸĵ飬ֵ⼸Ұ޺ЩѲʲôˣΪҲ׼
ڽȺڸ̴ս֮г˳תӭ˴ʥţħ
ʥţħս൱ڶ壬ǳԽ࣬ԾͱȲЩڶĸˣ˲ס֮Ҳ˿ս֮С
ЩɱԹԷвҲǺܴ
ֻЩ̵ĵУͻȻ˳
ҲڣͬƸǶѹ֮󣬾Ȼ֪ʲôطҲóһСӺһġ
һǰӣһŹģӿݺݵ
Ԫ۾һƳ֪ã̹ȻбҲ򵥣һŶصֶΡ
ǸӾ͸ûԪˣⲻԼɽѩʹʨӺʱùİ취
ͭӷŴЧѩʱ򷢻ӳ˳ûԪһս½֪
ͬбףһҲЩ˸ѧȥ
ս淢Ӳʲôã𲻵ʲôɱǾͭӵļӳ֮󣬶Ը֮еǴ´ˡ
Ϊ˫ս׶ΣԪҲʩչˣԶڶԷĹҲ޲ߡ
𣬾ͭӷŴһ֮е䡣
ĸǿ󣬾ܲסһЩͷתˣҲʱĴӿе䡣
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һ죬ķоЩٶۡ
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ֹһƬһƬģ죬һƬǧѾĴ
ʹһЩҳҲܶЩĸʲôвˡ
٣򣬵Ҳܲסġ
ۿʧ˹ˣԪҲ۵òУҪָҲҪܶʱ䣬ܼȥˡ
һ͸ܵ˵̵ͷˣȻ𵽰뿪
䳷ˣʥţħսҲֹˡ
ڶĸΧѾ˴ʥǵʵҪƤҲˡ
С̵ľİ׼̫ȫˡ
ԪҲ̫ģԼһ׼
͹ƽˣԪԶһҰѾˣŮϳ
̵˲֪ʲôҰŮģֻԪ溰֮󣬲ԶͻȻһӣһݺ䣬εӰͬŮ·һɱս
޲¡Ľ꣬Լԭĵӣ仨̵ĵӣĺĵӣЩȺիóԼӣ֮һɫӾҲ쾳磬ݺݺľô˹


625 ŮŵϮ
һ峿ҲǻԪ淢ֻʵǬŵʱȥԱߵԺġ
ԭԪȥЩŮǲսģרΪѰǬš
ʱȫԺŮӶˣԺǵ֮ǵļңҪ
ǵңǽǿĻϵģֻҪֻôǵҾͿԸǡ
ֻҪɻÿһ϶˯İģΪ֪һ䷽һᱣǵģһµġ
޲£ôŻԪԶǲˣôᱣǵס
ĺĵӣһ䷽ɻΪĽĹϵչǵģһŲɡ
ĵӣ֪һ䷽ɺʦĹϵȻһ䷽ǳ˲ܻ䣬ǲǲԻףǵŮʦż¶㽸Ǽһ㡣
СĽʦͬʱҲףʦϣʦһܺͻԪֵһ
дȺիĵӣ˺ҲûԪչˣԻԪΪ׼ˣֻҪɣҲеãǻԪ滹ˣҲͷˡ
仨̵ĵǸˣʦ໨еˣǾһһģ϶飬οҲΪֵˣҶһˣʲôɲæأ
ϻԪټǵһ˵ʱҲ֤һ㡣
ǻԪô˵ãʩǣǣһֵΣˣԷ̣ƶɮõϢʵµһɣڶ࣬һιѾ֪Բ
ЩŮ㿴ңҿ㣬СȭͷˣҲЩš
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ǲᶪǰǼ԰ߣǲҪǽ壬ǵĵһǱȫԼֻȫıȫԼ£ܸЧĴˣοŮӣû˻ôɷӢ۵ı׼ǣڱԼļңΪԼļԺֵȥȥģ
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˵һԪо̫ͳɴ͸ЩһӲָ꣺ô˵ɣжٶˣƶɮǵ񣬾ÿһ̵ˣҪʮͬʱ֣𣿡
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ĽûԪĿõŮǰһʵû취ˣҲˣΣԪ涼ЩŮʧսƶԴΪġ
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ЩŮ޲µ˵Ĵ£ƾƣԼᶨƵȺŹϳһʱ仹̵һֲ
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е̵ӱŮķȭȴڵأڲĵĺţҪӿŮӲ֣ôᱻǰɹ
ֱŮԵΪ⵽ѹʮֻСѾȥλֱˡ
еĲôջģǿֿ֮ʧܵҲĵؽţǱɣӣԶ٣
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Щ̵Ůţκ߻ֵӳ⣬ְŵĲǷʩչ
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ߴ˷ĺŽǣӾǱ߲Ӧʮ˵̵Ӳֻ࣬ŮżᶨƵĹ᳹˻Ԫľ񣬰ȫһ̰ðֻǽʮסռƾͿԡ
̵ͨȺ˫սؾ˱̵Σա
ǱߵļԲＱͻԪսһ䣡ñɣȻЩŮѵ־ǿŮ˵ıӻܻȥ𣡡
ߺߣЩ̼ƶɮбҲȥҰ
Ԫ֪ͽǧ˳Ҳӳܽҹû˱ֵʵͽЩȻҲǷ𷨾һЩֶβƤǾġ
ɵƤͳԽ˽ֵﵽ˵ǹ룬ˮֵ߾磬ﳰëⲻ
̵Ӫ֮УҲµˣԪôȥһλԼ°ܽˡ
µǶϣһŮż뵼սֲҲǼˣһæҵӦһ޺Ĺһ߶ԯŭ𣺡ԯۣԮٲӾҪλˣ


626 ɵ
սı仯Ҳԯ۵Ԥ֮⣬û뵽ЩŮӾȻΪۿǱ߶ϼˣԯҲ˲ˣѸٵط˴
Ҳ֪˵ʲô֮ͺٺЦŶͻԪͺ¿ǣǵĩյˣ
ԪȻͲ²Էк֣ڿǳɱеʱˣսڲŸոտʼ
Ȼԯ۸ոմӰŴһͳֱսŵ
˳ֲͬһѪɫţ˺˺ɫĲӼһѪȫĿ
ǻԪ滹ǲ²⵽˵ݣһǶԷĶӣΪһƶʱ򣬱󳤳İ׷Ʈ
˻Ԫǣ׷ȴԶˣŰԼƴһսűס֣˾ǻѪħĴߣٰף
ͶٰһֵˣӦþѪӰ񹦵Ĵߣӣ
˼һ֤ʵ˻ԪһЩеĲ²⣬Ҳǲ²ʱӦԼΣǵ֮
Լһһ໨һֱ׼ţǵȴӦԶԷĺ֣ǻԪû뵽ԷȻԲİ֣жٰ׵ʵǲ֮£һսЩΣˣ
໨ٴı£ҲͬʱӦˡ
Ǳٰ׺Ͷӳ֣ȻԪ滹ƴĹԯۣϣȡʤȻȥֵԷһˣȻһɱͨȺǾһѡ
ǲͨȺȥƻһ޺ʮͭ󣬺ء
һ޺ƣַųĻһսûˡ
ԯҲǳصģΪ̵ĳϣʵѾﵽǰλϣ࣬ɲ׵飬˴һֱ൱Ҳ΢΢ռһЩϷ硣
ʱ򣬻ԪҲͲסˡ
Լǰħ峤ϣԼ֮ϣԪѶ֣ۿǱ߶ӺͶٰ׳ĿȻһ޺󣬶ʱԪĺˣ
޺һƣܾ־ҪעˣʧȥĶϾҪɱˡ
Ҳ˲Ԫŭһ໨
໨Ҳû뵽ƾȻתֱ£ôóⲫģһֱһֵĿҲûȷԪĺУܷӦһĵϣǰµķɵĳˣ
˶ǵһμ໨ķɵ֣ǰֻǶţô𺳣
ûһƣһ־ޣһ
һȻ˵֮УƺǵӦûʱͿռƣԤ׵ĳ֡
һֶص˳ԣֻȴ
һֱںͻԪƴֻòһ
໨ķģؿŷɵģȸ־ȻûܵĶЩֵҲֻǱָ̧̧֣ܵո̧һ㣬ϵ͸һеʵѾ޷̧ˡ
΢΢ĵͷ뿴ԼĲôǲȴܼķΧ֮ڡ
ܿģֻһĨ컺شӲ͸
⡭Ƿɵá
˵ĿûֻǴӲģȴĿãǰѷɵʵķ˹Լ޶䴩Լĺ飬ֻᵽˡ
ѹֱ˵ûɵγֵģΪ˶ѾһˣԲҲ⡣
Ŀ⽥ػɢǻƺһ˿ЦݣΪ˷ɵγֵģ޺ˣ
һس
̾Ŵ֮е峤磬ʦδս£µķɵ֮£ӴԺ󣬽Ҳûˣ
Աߵ˶ĿɿڴؿһĻʱֹͣɵһĻ̫ˣҲ̫ġ
ֻлԪĿһ֮䵽໨ϡ
໨ɵȷʵǻԪƣҲǵһλɱԲĸ֣Ͷս粢û
һɳȥ֮໨ľҲһˣҡҡ׹Ų鸡
Ԫ۵ɳɤӶӾǱߵèè˽һǣȥʦ뿪ʱܲμսˣ
໨ҲҪסֵĺֻҪ໨ţܵڶΡεĻɱֵԲһɱֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬̶롣
èè˻ԪĺҲγѵĳ˳ȥɿܹȥס໨
ŮһһҵļסʦҪºȥҪ뿪Σķս
һ̣ΧҲ֮˹̾ɱһš
ֵʿ񣬶ԷѾһԲҲⳡսֻӮء
̵ҲģȻ峤ˣǶԷǿвҲʹʧȥˣҲķſֽŹˡ
οԼһԲʵԷȴʧȥһս˳֮£ⳡս
ĶӺͶٰ׶˶һۡ
ٰƺظ˺ܶǣʱѪѾĿ֮ȻЩľګ֮ǰȴ鶯
˲Լͬط˹һ޺󣬷˵໨ȥ
ǵУһ޺вԶԶû໨󣬱ϾһٶвܳΧɱԼ໨ˣպҪÿĵĵŮӸԼһǶԲв
໨ȥһԪʩչŲһ˶ӺͶٰ׶˵ǰ
ӷߣȹƶɮһأ
ӺͶٰû뵽ԪȻһԼˣȴʱͻԪһһҵ߷ֿһԪֻһˣһǿԼȥ׷ɱ໨
ǻԪҲʡ͵ƣҲҪ໨ȫƾԸ
ڶƶʱ򣬻ԪҲƶ͵ص˶ٰ׵ǰ̧־һĳɽӣ
־Ƶĵʽٶ죬ٰ׶Щ⧲
ִٵĳƺͻԪԺ䣬һ죬˵嶼ڼٵĺˣ
ɽһ൱ڽĹҲǶٰĿǰǿһȻٰܽˡ
ԪĹȶٰҪ屻ĸԶֱȥҲﵽĿģֹ˶ٰ׵׷
ɳȥ˲䣬Ԫٴʩչ˴Ųٴ֣һ¾׷໨Ķ
Ǵ󷨣
ȫͷţǴ˲ʩչ˼ޣѾҪ׷໨ĶȻԪӲס
˫Żصĺˣļ٣ؿèè໨ʧ֮У
ӷŭػͷ˻Ԫ˫ңңԼһ˫۾Ҫ
Ҫƴ
ջ𣬸ɴҲ׷໨ˣȻԼͶٰ׽վͳȫ


627 ԶѪħ
ΪԪǴ󷨸˻໨ܵջ𣬸ɴ׷໨תԪɱ˹
ɱ໨ȻҪǻɱԪͬҪԼͶٰΪ׷ɱ໨һߵսֱ̣Ҳǵòʧģɵ䣬ôһսûˡ
ɱԪ棬ʿĴģӿ֪ԪֵĿежߡ
תɱ˻Ԫ淴ǳһֻҪ໨ܱסͺãڶһԪ滹治
һ̣汻Լһ𿪵ĶٰʱҲ¹ͶӶǰлԪ棬Ǵһ⡣
ʷһԲΧһԲĶ֣ԪȻ˲ԲսıϲԲ
ĶӣĶٰף˵ٶȿȣĽӽ
Ȼ޼˻Ԫ棬һΣӰ֣ټ٣ʵʵ޷ֱ棬ֻʮصĴӸǶԪ˹
Ķٰǰ׷˦ӭ籩ǣ֮ͳɳ˾ͬһ֩Ĵ֩룬ſ޵Ԫֶ¡
Ԫ汾ߴڶԷ޵ӰΧ£Ե˵Сͺһֻķɶִ꣬С
ǰδеͷԲΧԪ촽Ŀתع۲ˣۿҪԷӽʱ򣬻ԪͻȻףŭһҲգ
âӻԪȫţͷ壬ֱۣڷҫĿĹâͺһȺбը̫ǹâ˸˸ܻϹ˵۾
û뵽ԪܷôһУֽһ˫ۣһ֮ͣ£ҲʩչѪӰ񹦣ӰޣֻһڻԪĲһɴ
ٰҲǽۣڱΣ׷Ҳһ˲ͣ١
٤
Ԫƴˣ־ƣ־ǿƷߵĶӱεһ㶣̧־һƷ˹ȥ
ӲӵĴԲԪ˦־ʹ˳ȥ
һŵ㣬һʹƵʱӰرľ޴󣬶ĶܣƵַΧһӾȻûչŲĿռ䣬ֻ˫Ӳӣ
䣡
٤еСĹȶӵȫһҪǿһЩƴֵҲûֵܵסھƵѹ£͵󻬳ʮףصײǽϡ
ǽڵӵѪĿ䣬ضŻԪ棬ҡ˼£ûе¡
ѪӰ񹦵ķǷǳǿģ˵Ĳء
ǻԪһҲûи۵ģΪƵһʱ䣬Ķٰǳİ׷͵
׷ͬһԪ˫˫ţвزƣֻ顱ǰ׷ͬһˣʼ淢ȻԪ
׷ȥԪֿסôǱʬ³
ŻԪ汻ٰ׵İ׷ոЩͷֵĵӶŵøεѣ
ɣ
ʦ
ĺ׷Ԯ
ֵӵģЩӾ˺γġ
໨ֳ簲ǣǣǣһŵûʧɫҰףԪˣôһоͶûˡ
Ԯ̵Ҳ֪ͷˣԸ׷׿ʼ͹вֵΪĻԪ棬йأѾһЩ
Ԫͨ죬ٰ׵ĳѾս棬ȫغʹ
ţרĶԵУκβң
ֵҵĴڳÿһ˵ԺӾЩֵӣ̵ĵˣ˻ԪĴĶٰ׶ˡ
ٰаϹһ˿Цǻָ˲٣Ȼ׻Ԫ˵ʲôһǷǳĲм
Ѫħ֮ǿΪѪԣжٰ׵ͷҲǰ˴æģֶι죬Ҳ쳣Ĵ󣬵궡ųư׷Ѫħͷ׷ҲΪ䴳˺͵ġ
ٰ׵ĳȻδرȵ϶ȴҲ˭ѵģںԪĻ
Χ˻Ԫ˴ﻹǰһЩܴ漣ģһΡӦҲɣ
Ԫ˫˫ŶѾˣĵͷһ̷ǿʼֿٰ׳
ɮЩһѾȫѿˣǼ޿赲ŷţɮѾ赲
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ֱϡϣϣһѪܱ¶ļһ֪̲űըԵ
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ϽɫĹâʼ˸ٰײ˵Ϊʲôһ̬֪ԲܷȥˣԼĳᱻгϣ
һ˿׺ݣٰͻȻһ죬һĺХһѪ̶ֱڿеĻԪ˹ȥ
ǻѪħµĻѪħԵޱȵĻѪħֻҪմȾ˵壬ͻѪҺʼã˲仯ΪŧѪ
Ԫ棡
á޲¡Ľꡢ˵˲ԼͬͬʱгžѪʹ
ǿ⻯ѪħһǾ޷ֵģԪˡ
ԪǱԶٰףȻٰ׵Ķһ˵ı飬Ҳ֪ʲô¡
ۿҪѶԷİ׷ˣû뵽һȻⶾ˳
˿ֽűԪ治ܻоϵİ׷ѾˣԪ鼱֮£ɴһתһٰʮȣͷ½ϵ˶ٰף
ؿھۼһԪʱ͵ط˳
˲һЩӵİ׷ڵֿסϡ
ˣ
ҹһ㣬Ԫ淢ԵһȫʹʨӺ𷢳
ǰԪ淢ԶˣʱͻͽѾûԪ̥ˣﵽԲʵԪѾʩչԣó
ضһ֮вǹ˴ӿ﷢֮жؿƣڿкǹѪײ


628 ˭ڷ?
ܴﵽۿĵزԪһǿͶٰǼĺХȣͬϻͲǺ
˳ǲѪٰ׾ĿУֻѪħѪȻ˳ɢˣ
⡭ⲻܣ
ٰ˵Щ֪ͣΪͷԻûȫָΪԪˡ
ѪħѪʷһα赲
ǻ߿һĻΪٰ׸о裡
Ԫȷʵ˶ٰ׵ѪҲ໥ˣûиΧ˴𵴺ͳ
ЩǳسһԪܴ棬ȻѪħֵܵˣ¼仹ʲôء
ԪҲᣬʩչ˼ޣҲȫ߷ϵļⱩ֫ŭһ
飡
Ԫֽŵİ׷ȫѣһؽصĶϷƮڵء
ʱ򣬻ԪѾ緢оʹҲû뵽ȻѶٰ׵ĳʷǰĴͻƣȻԷİ׷Ѿγвôʱ̵ˣ
Ѱ׷Ԫͺ񳬼һһԪĶ˫ȭգ쳤Х
ڿеĻԪͻΪնԵص򶫷ٰչˡ
Ǿ˲䣬˶ûע⵽ǸԪ˵ĶѾĵǱ˻ϢĴӵͻȻ˻Ԫĺ棡
ԪҲΪ̫ЩˣҶӵѪӰǱ̫۶޷֣ûз֣Ԫ浱ȻҲûз֡
ɫ׺ݣԪ˵;ƣݺݵһƶŻԪĺӡȥ
һû漣ԪоƷХ֪ãѾʹεĴŲƣʱǲõģоӵ͵ϮҲѾˣֻǿٵĳ˽֣Ӳ˶ӵһơ
ͬһˣֵܵ׼ԲĽȴֵסԲȫ͵ϮֻһЩ⣬֮ӵƻǺݺݵش˻Ԫĺġ
ۣ
һѪ˳ԪӸ߿տٵ׹䣬ص˵档
ۿҪأԪͷԶЩԲȫ͵ϮôܵģѾ˲ˡ
ֵͷԪԲԼµģ֧֡
غݺݵһҧͷһѪͷһЩۿŵصʱһŵ棬תһ£ٴվס˽Ų
ֻĽŲЩ鸡΢΢ЩҡΡ
һŴ󻹵ͽԪĿӶڻҩһҲó
һ̶֣Զٰ״ȵٰףһ֣Ѿ군ˣ
ٰҲɵӣȻղĳԪϣʵûʲôʧֻЩܲ˻ԪһˣһԪˣٴɱ˹
Ԫǿȥˣٰ׺ͶӵֹԼֵסԪȻֵܵôöҴɫ֪ҲǷɵļˣȥΣˡ
ʮ˳ȥϧķҲԯ۱һЩٵĳڻԪǰ潫ٰ׵ֵ
ԮԪҲȻˣĲǺܴսٴκͶɱһš
ԯǱҲǳصģƺҲԺ˾̸ҲٵļսţΧˡ
ͻȻ΢Ԫ滺һѹúܣȥĻԼӱΧˣԯۻһЩСƣԼ֣Ǿȫˡ
ԵشϢһ£ԪͶϣҪңϽӽƶԸԯֻۣǱȡͻƣһ̲ʤϣ
ԪĻγʰ̵ĳôףʹһ޺տҲԽˣΪв̫ϤǬţһ޺ڡ
ס̵Ķϣһĸ֣ҪǬȫϤ󷨻лʤϣ㣬ҲѾϷ֣һһ޺ܼͺܲˡ
ϣԼʮ޺ֻȡͻƣϣ
ǻԪԲҲãʮͭҲãطսأ
ʱ޿̲ڵķɵİΣⱾԼսǲġ
ɫԪҲʶһ㣬ֻҪԼֳ֧ôֵӾ޷һ̫ںԼˡ
ԼͶٰ׶Ӷ˶֣ȡʤ
ڵȡʤΣԪֻΨһһ취ˡ
ҧϣ̡ȥԸԯۣҪˣ
ɣ
ȥֻҪ㻹ҵɣִ
ԪҲ˲ˣ´
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Ԫɫεصͷ˶ٰףֿʼԯչ͹
ԪƴĴƣٰ׺ͶӶȻһԾֱŷȥ
ٰ׺ͶһԪҪܣﻹ״̬ĻԪѣѾ˳ǸֻҪ΢Ӱδǰ;޿ķɾҪɥڴˡ
Ӱ⣬ֱԪ׷˹ȥ
һ׷ԪǴһ˿Ц˲ͳµţżأһԾҡ
̶ֳȵṦԲʲôӺͶٰ׶˲ΪԪӵõֱҲ׷˹
һЩʧˣû뵽еṦزһԾȻʮɵľ룡
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ٰ׹ǰһˣǼ̳ѪӰ񹦣Ѿ£ȻԪٶȿ죬ҲΪܳԼԥظȥһɱԪĲݵļƣ
ԪĴ㲻˦һξ룬Ȼý۵ķƽԼȥ۷ֻ֣ҪԼȥս־ͽٴתֻҪ̶ʱʤ֣ʱ򶫷ٰ׺ͶٷҲûˡ
һ飬ԼѾˡ
ƲᣬԪûʱȥƣ󻹵ҩʱҲȫգٵرܷơ
ۿĶ˲ûб˦Խ׷ԽԼٻ۵ĻᶼûС
ȥ׷ϣΣԪ治ܴ˷֣Ҳʱ䣬־ӮսʤأϾʮͭﻹռƵġ
ˣ
ԪۿӲƴܳ˼ʮͣ˽ŲͶԷһɣԼƵʽûʩչôҲҪһ˵汳
ԪڲˣӺͶٰ׶Ҳĸͣ½Ų
ǴЦҪ˵ʲôĻͻȻԶһö졣
΢΢һüţɽҰô˵ãԣĪǷģ
һֱ޶ٱĶٰʱͻȻһ£ҧгݵصǸͲã


629 Ǿǻ鷳?
Ԫһ·Ŀ񱼣Ҳ֪ܵʲôطֻоΧɽֻһطƽ̹һЩͶԷƴʱȴͻȻԶһ졣
֮ƽƻԪĶ˶һ£ӸΪʲôڻɽ֮зá
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ٰ׻ر۾ûлشӵĻĬĬ
һǶ˵һࡣ
ΧããȺɽˣɽصɽˮĿȴǴʲôطġ
ٰغһ۾Ѫ˫˳޵Ŀ⣬ƺһЩԥҧгݵص٣ڵ٣
㶵ãȻĹˣΧȺɽãȻʱȴȫڸǣؼҲˡ
ʲôˣʲôط٣
ʲôˡ˵ãԼȥҰɣ
ٰѵõ˵ЩҲǲס˸Ҫҳĳ
ӿ˰Ҳˣɴʩչۡ
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ٰҲʩչۣʼѰԴĻԪ涼ˡ
Ԫʱǽ˫ۣѵõʼרĵմ󻹵ҩ
ʱܣҲܲһЩҩþ澭˲£һսʱҲͶһݻᡣ
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ʲôûз֡
ڻصţԽԽԽӽ𽥵ĵӡ
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ŶٰףŶԷ˼ף϶صٰף϶֪˭ˣԲԣң
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Щ־壬ٰҲЩ־壬룺ǸҲ޷ҲͬˣǶԲҪκˣӦòҶ֡
ٰ׵ĻҲǿ˵ͷĵĿ־壺˵òֻһЩţ˵ôɽҰ֮г֣
ٰ׵ԽԽˣָָĻԪ棺ûôҲ»˭ܵΪʲô𡭡ΪʲôֻΪС
ʱͻȻɽˮ⾳ˣתɱ֮
ǧڱڣ˺ս֮ϣֽĸоȻ
˵գѾﵽ˳ʥĵز
ٰ׺ͶЩĳȣоƺԽԽ˱ĳʰԪ棬ͻȻ͵Ϯ
˴˵Ľɫµηһ̾ȻΪ˿־壬Ľ䱸ţΧãã֣עŻ᲻ʲôطͻȻǸǲˡ
ôһӵٰףȥСǸеȫתˣʤˣǸ˵ĻҲӦûչһɣͻȻֻлҲ˵
չɱһࡣ
ٰȻô˵˶ӵĻҲֻʵǱסˣһʱûҶ֣ʶȥԽԽ
뵽ٰǱȥĳͻȻǣŻԪ۾ĻᣬϢĲ˹ȥ
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׷ϢĽӽۿҪƵԪĲϣ
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һͬڶһƺݺݵ˶ٰ׵ĳ֮ϣ
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磡ûĵŮˣҰ˾ͲҪˣȻ˵ĺ֣
ٰǺ˳ҲǽŵעΧԪһҲۣŵİ׷֪ղų־Լˡ
ȻΣյľ֮·ģԪЩڣע¶Ҳ᷸ƴҲΧȥ
ٰף
ɽȼص
Υˣ֮
һ̻Ԫͬ۰ϲȻǶ磬ˣ
ĹεĶҲ˼ԳҵĶӣô꣬ȴŴκңǺڸ㶫ϡ
ٰɫ䣬üëλԼȻȷɼĹҲˣӦòԼ֮ˡ
Ҫٰ֪׵ĹǺܸߵģľ磬֮䶼ŵϺţû뵽Ĺ̶ȡ
һľλãٰһߵ磬Ȼ㲻ӡĸ֮飬ǾʹһϣҾУ㻹ǲǶŲϳ
ٰ׶ڶ书˽⣬ղŵһȻЩǷȱٰɴ˾ܿ϶٣Ӧòħ١
Ȼûħ٣ôսҪۿۣ䣬δؾʤԼ
ԾöӲ֮Ҫġ
˵ŶҲ϶ٰ׵ĶһԪӽ붫绹̳֡
û뵽ǺԶٴδҲãԪ桭ҲʵڿɶǾ;ְܶɣ
ٰ׺ͶˣԪͷҲðˣǺ¶ٰ׺ͶӣΪ̬ȣƺ鷳С


630 ҪͼŭŮ
˶ĻԪЩðٰͬ׺ͶҲЩͷԡ
ղŶƻ˶ٰ׵һھȻԼ˾֣ܳŮĿǺ롣
ӻ㶵һ䣺˵
Ͷٰ׶ˣȻѾΪԲǶڶηȴǷԱܵģǰǺȵˣٰӣηѾ裬Ψǵһ˰Լɵˡ
Ҳ࣬һɵĳϣһֱѹģķȴĲǶ֣󲻵òƫ棬޼ţһҵƷı
ȴԶͻƳΪԲһٻǵͬ˸ա
ľˣ֮Ķ׷ɱҹĳԲ˯ţΨֶͻȻԼȥ̽һ¶̬ȻңζֱĥҪ衣
˵˶ѶףĶһ룬ΪӴ̫ƽˡ
û뵽˵ûӱϢŪĿˣʹǸˣѪӰ񹦺ڶηҲû˿١
ѾΪһֱܣͺͶٰһ
ڶȻô˵ǲҷģⶼǾ¼ˣ֮Ĳ벻ļ˶Ҫ˵ܷһİΣܣôŵġ
Զʳôһ֮󣬶ٰ׵һۣϻʲôϽϣһеƾͺˣ
γѣֽһͶٰ׶һǰһٴζԻԪɱȥ
ಡ
һ󺮹ٰ꣬׺ͶӻŻŵ㣬ʽرĳȥԶֻǶ˸ղŵλѾʮö룡
ҧгݵص磡ΪȻǾֵܶģôƻ
΢ɽ䴵Ԫһô֦΢΢ҡڡЩ֦һҵķֿһִϣӰŮһϮ׶ɫĳȹϥϥϷһ١
ٲĺڷָŪ˼ҡöŮ̧ͷ۶ߵķޣС˫°͸߰ӣ˵㾡֣ܶû˵ҲԳָ档
㡭ʹթ
ӻһۣƺѧϰѪӰ񹦺˷ûеôˡںȵʱСܵıӻ죬ȴٶࡣ
ȻȻܻҲ˺˵㶮𣿡
ԪʱҲתŵĶ硣
һ겻Ȼ¶һ޶ľС°ԼǣӣֻһݸˣԼĿӵʱһ˿ԪĲ׽ˡ

Ԫѵؿ˵һ䣬ȴɤͬһ񱻾Ӵмһɳƴ̶
ԪܻװһװģҶ֤
ԪͻȻɳӲһ£ź촽ƺ˵ЩʲôȴסĿЩ죺㲻Ҫ˵ֻɸ϶ѣʰͽ뿪
ѵĺͻԪ˵꣬ͷ򶫷ٰ׺Ͷӣüҧٰףӣ˵ͽվǵڣ
ٰ׺ͶӿŭӣȻͬʱ鲻Խһ
ٱҲܿԼˣΪǰ飬ƺЩ֮䵽Լϡ
ִ֮ģˣŮΪˣԼ˳˳Ͳ
ٰ׺ͶӶһۣ˶ЩģǱϾԲˣҶٰ׵ĹԶһԲڶĻ֮Ȼη壬Ҳûһս
һսʤˣӴ˾ͰӰأ˶ӶԷ۾￴˹ɫ
Ͳ໥ˣֱͦ
ȿڣ磡Ҫˣ˾һɢɳǸλð׸ûˣѾŻסˡ
𣿡
ָظŪң΢죬ѾǰѮȱص֮󣬾ͽ֪ͨ¸ɣٴǰȾۼѡҪճУ˵һʤǰһǿˡ
ߣСƶҾͲ˵ˣٰҲܶԸġ
ؼʱ̣Ƚٰ˳׼̽һ¶硣

Ŀ䵽˶ٰ׵ϣмЦһһС˰ˣҾŻ
ٰɫ԰ףܿɱлᣬŮ˶Լ־Բġ
Ѫ˫ضŶ磬ٰѪħȱľԣԶѹҲȥˣ磡Ҳ֪ǸýأӦýأ
ٰô˵һ̶ˣרĿڵ˰ΣȻƽ࣬Ҳܲסִ̼ɫһ䣺ȻĹ֮ˣ㲻ã
ٺ٣Ҳãǲ˵Ļɣʵӵĺ㣬Ȼڵһ˵ʱ򣬾ܹУ˲˲𣡡
ĿڶͻԪɨ飬ٰ׼ֺֻһЩеŮ˿ǲ٣ҿƺ໨Ĺϵ˵ﰡôôûûҪȥƻ˼ҵԵɡ
ٰ׵Ļû˵꣬Ѿǵͨ죬ŭһ˶ٰף໨ûûٰ
еһҪóħ
һ顣
е٣ǵħ١ħٵ໨˽ƷľѺ͡;ԪڷԺڡ
ȻҲЧܺħᲢۣʢŭ֮£ͣȻֱӽ߸һϣ
һ죬ұѣָһĨ졣
˿ûֹɱģɴһѽӵһߣ˫һ֣һɰɫڣȹ裬˳ǹɰɫ˲ͳ˹
Ųƴ󷨣
Χľɫƶ׷۶ϣϲƤƬƬ𣬳ɽһ㣡
Ʋ˶ٰ׺ͶӣԪ涼סˣ
ĹС
ԪܹȻûдﵽǾҲǲһˣһµˮ׼±Ҫ߳һ˿
ȻҲԲĺڶ壬ľ绹һ㣬Ҫϸ֣ҲҪһ׼ĸˡ
һֻԿɽʯǸ͵ؾôҲһεε˶ģٰ׺ͶӶ˹ǿˣȻʢŭĶ繥֮±ǱӴ㣡
ͬ߿պըһĶ磬Ԫ治զࡣ
ٰ֪ģȻҼŭһŮˣðãƶɮƺʲôˡ


631 
Ĺȷʵܴ󣬵Ƕٰ׺ͶӲûеֿ
֮Աһƴ仨ˮҪΪǾġ
ƷУܣΪڳƵͬʱ빥
ƷԺ仹˵һƷ̺֮һСɵ廨鷳ˣרƻʲô򶼵ֵס䶾ٰ׺ͶӶ˲ִٺƣ˫˫С
Һö粻ϲöȻ˻Щ鷳ˣֻǷĶܣͬʱڹƳ⣬Ψһİ취
ıŭˣٰ׵ĻĿڵʹ
վŮӣվƤ۵ģ粻ͶԶٰ׶˺ܺޣһ̸Ǻ֮ǡ
һƷȥɽڵһ䣬¡¡ڶŴŵ֦Ҷ÷ɶһڵ֣ÿһֱףĹѾﵽһ׵ĳ̶ȣ
Ȼ̶ֳȵĹһֱ־ȥԪԱ߿УҲһֱѰһ硣
ԪЩԥǲʹø߼ѧģŵҩԭǴ˴ʱڴ֮ʹõģΪǻԪȡıϣϵͳޱҪŪԷĵϸȻ֢ҩ
ǱҲͬҪԪ汾õʱ򣬶ˣԻԪݻٶ
ڶȫ𣬴öٰ׺Ͷһʱ·磬Ԫ͸ʹˣѰһ֡
ʱĻ̫ͣȫ޲ĵ̺ʽըԪ滹治ǰֻԶߡ
ָǿȵĹһֱ˴Լӣ涼񱻷һò׶Ʒ΢һ¡Ԫҵһᡣһӽң
ȻƻûãǾʱϢѾָһЩȻö˵Ŀս
翴˻ԪһۣҧҧûƲ˶ӣѸٵ򶫷ٰ׳ȥ
ӣӵĺ޶ٰףҪΪˣԼͻԪҲôĿ࣬ıѣѾȫ
ٰױһ߿պըҲΪǱòױƳ룬Էɱ˹ٰҲ˺ݣƮ裬ѪɫϢʼζ򶫷ӭȥ
עڵٶȣڶ֮ϣͶٰսƷϣһĹơ
ٰ׵ĻѪħʤѪϣȻ綫ݣҲܡΪٵʱָϣͨ˿ʩչѪħֻҪѪ˿ڣôӮˡ
Ǳ߶ǵڶκͻԪ浥ˣһζ˽ɽѩ֮ϣӸոսԲ綼ûȹ̣ӡУǱߣȴҲʧȥ˵ʱɱԪѻᡣ
һζսȻԪˣ书Ѿ°ɣԶӺ޾ɫղһԶˣһһûµɡ
ĸͬŷ籩Ƭɽֶƽˣٳըڶ췭ظ
˵ĻԪƾѧϣڰܸӣ˵սǽһֽ׶Ρ
ǶͶٰ׵սЩԳˡ
ƺоٰ׵ص㣬оѪħƺͱ׶ˣĳӵ쾡£ٰ׿аԵĻѪħȴһë˽˼Ӻͽ·硣
ڷƮɣսһ롣
룬һӡġ
һ֣ΪǵˣȥӭУΪϻԪӲؾ͵飬ס
֪Ԫ͵æظϣʹһö룬Ļһ롣
Ҫ֪ǸʱĶˮƽʵöֵˣǶɱˡ
ռһЩȴȡö룬Ҳȷʵ̫޶ٰˣսپбսҪҪ
ٰ׻ǵһսôƣȻ֪û뵽̶ȡ
ǰҪӶ磬ѵ̳˻Ѫħ֮󣬻ҪŮ
ٰײģŭĺţ׷Ʈţʹ̵ţȴκβö硣
ѽѽҲģҪɱ㣬Ѫħұɣ
ٰЩˣѪʼͣȻҪѡһԲеķʽ硣
Ĺûзһɤӻûк꣬ͻȻʻ˺档
ۣ
˸䣬һѪڶٰ׵ϱ
ҵ۾
ѪɫһĳΪ˺ɫٰһ۾Ѫָ˳ػһֱֻۣȳѪΧʮɵķԲĲݶ˲ήˡ
Ѿľ磬ٰ׾ȻϹһֻ۾
磡ݶĳŮˣŪϹҵ۾Ҫɱѽ
ü΢壬Ѿն䵽ԶϣٰѾ˷״̬Ѫħޱ߷ʱǲҪĺãֻҪľȥȻȡ
оٰ׵ĻѪħܾˣֹƵǿֽűָܻ۾㣬ٰ׸ڶǰ˰̣Ҳͺԥ˶֡
߶ٰˣŻ˶ӡ
ۿٰҪ˰ɣ֪ʣһĻûа취ԿһͶġ
һܣΪͶٰ׶ˣҪ߾ͱһߣˣôص֮ҲԲкùӳԵġ
Ȼûȥ̣һġ
ʱҲһıģҡһ£ʮӰͬʱ֣֮һԪ棬֮һ򶫷磬֮һǱٰ׶ȥġ
ҪѪӰ񹦵ͬʱ֣Ҿȳٰס
ЩѪħѪȻԵǶӲη壬ΪѪӰ񹦺ͻѪħʦͬţк֮ܶͬ
翴පӵӰ˹һӣǵ㣬ÿһӶʮ롣
Ȼ÷ֱ棬ǾͲҪֱˣͳͳһˡ
ԪҲ򵥣ָЩӰȫɢ
ʱŷ֣ԭĶǱŶٰȥˣˡ
ö׵֣ռƻܱ˲ɣһ̧һٴγ֡
ֻҪһɳȥܿ¶ˡ
Ǿڶһ뻹ûֵʱ򣬻ԪͻȻףоһɵİͬƮ˹
ɫո𣬶ĶӺͶٰӰһģ綼Ҫɫ֮С
Ԫоãε˶ǰƺԥط
֣
һŽɫӰɫߣĿԹؿԼ
ףƣ
һڰɫ֮дƺΪ졣
ʱ򣬻ԪҲѿڶһ仰ạ̇̄


632 챦
ǹɰɫûԪ˼ľ֮ģѿڶİƺǷԱܡ
Ķٰ׺ͶӶѾɫֵÿټˣųɫ˾ǵԮ
ü΢壬ǳĲ˾ô߶ٰ׺ͶӣȣվǶٰǵˡ
Ƕɫ֮УӰ֣Ȼò̫Уȴ˶缫ѹ
ֻ֮󣬶ĸоȻԪӵܲǸӰΣԣҲûж
ǸӰʱٴο˵ˣ˵ĶǻԪ棺û뵽Ȼƣ֪С˼ʽأ
ԪûлشĻʵƶɮҲû뵽˾Ȼ챦ľѧֻǲ֪˼ʽأ
СȻϷ书ǻ챦ȻҲ֪ˣϷҲҾҪ뿪ߵСﲻʲôɡ
ͬʮ˾ŮʵҲСˣ˳ƺСﻹЩϰߣӰʲôˣΪҪˣ
ӰٴЦˡҲ޷Ϸ̴ϣʥȻ㣬Ȼ˴εжҪʧܸգǷģϷֻΪ˾˶
˵϶ˡ£ƺЩĵӣãʥֻܾˣˣȻЩˡҲ
вԪҲвҲҪƶɮ֪ﵽ಻ţҰҺͷ䣡

ɫеĴЩŭˣСпС˺Ϸ˵ģ㻹¼ͷҲãղ㲻ϷĻ챦ϰ˵ڼ𣿽Ϸ͸㡪𸴣
ŴϵĻ£ΧİɫͻȻڶ˲תɫ߲ϼȫӰҲȻҲǡ׺ͷǿȥͬˡ
Ԫ治ɫԭ˵ڶõϼΪƾЩ͹𣿡
ǸЦСУȻʥ涨ɱǣССĸЩѵǿԵģΪ񸶳۰ɣ
˵ŻϺ̧ɫâ˳ĿȻǻԪͶ˽µĵ档
ЩԣǶڻ챦˽⡪ЩĻԪȴͻȻɫˡأˣ
ͬʱԾǵâе棬ġɽȻͬӡиܣ֮󣬲ݵ˶ľ۶ϣɱǿľˣ
ǰδеǿУԪҲ̧̫־ǡƣɫ͵˹ȥƵĵʽɽӡ
Ц̵֡ĺֱӺ˽ɫ֮ϡ
ٶȻ·˪߽ͣ͡⣬ԪķɽӾȻȥ
ѩ
ԪǶˣû뵽ϾȻ˻챦ĵбѩ˵ʵԼҪǺˡ
粢֪ԷζʲôԪͶԷ֣Ǳ˦־ǡ˳ȥ
ҲͷﵽԸɴ붼ˣֱӾǽ빥
磬ͷıѩȻҲûֹ˲䴩ƣֱͷʺȥ
Ԫ桪㶣ѵɹˣ
ô򵥰ɣǸͷȥǿӣܱ硪ʤ
ͷӰЩģ񱻽ˣȴûʲôӦߵϼٴαã߲ʵɫΪɫ
ɫҲô⣬֮кӵȺ˸ǹҫͷӰٴ΢Цͬʱﻹš롣
ϷǺӣֻ»Ѿͷİ㣬ȷʵЩʱǺܿϧˣϷǡҪߵģ
ʱ򣬻ԪغˡԻҪֵĶյ»˰ɣշǻкܶᡣ
ͷ˻Ԫ桪ۣȻΪԼֻܺͷսǻԪʱ˵ᣬĴˡ˿󣬶Ҳ̫΢΢ͷ֮֮Ҳֵ£ôôɡ
˶еĲǻԪҲû⣬ǶǸϵȻִҪȴ˶˻ص̣ôȥɡ
ƺЩŹֵؿ˻Ԫ桪ۣС֪ˣһѧƣȻЩ㣬ȫӳǰ;Ϸǳڴٴκ㽻ֵǡ졣
ƶɮԸģ̣ƶɮȥϣ㻹ǼӿٶȣҪʱƶɮʧ
ԪϴǲϷκ˵ģȻͷĹ֮ƽڲԶĽԼԽͷڽ¡
Ц֣ɫǺͬ쳤ڿնƿȥ
ͬʱԭͣԭصĶٰ׺ͶӶҲʧټ
һľսͻȻֵĴϸ¾ôˡ
ԪʱҲûʱͶɣΪǱ߻أܳˣǱ˵ҲжԷĺ֣뾡ϻȥ
ȸһ֣ҵ
ԪкҪȥû뵽ȴҲֻ㲻صģûµġ
Ϊʲô
ҪΪʲôˣԸȥͻȥǲ㡪ȥġ
˵ԪԷˡЩ֣϶·ô򵥵ģǵԼԲѡԼǱߣҲ˻ᰵаġ
ȻˣԪҲͲżȥˡ
ǲżȴЩ֪澮硣
ǲ˵ĻҪ˵ǶԼǳҪˣԪ治ί˺ֻӲͷƤҲ֪ˣʱʦ㡭
Ҫ˵ŮˣûңҾû
ն˿ûأûԪͷ⻹ǡ鷳顣
໨ʱԼûԸأǸܶˣǶô죿
֪ʱ϶˲ٵĿί
Ԫ汾ػصֶΣӹĵķΪͻƿڣֻҪжˣôͻ˵ܶˡ
Ļû˵꣬ٴĴԪ棬㲻ض˵ˣܵĿ඼ֵõģҺ໨֮䣬ֻС˻ţҪС׼ҪһҪ
׾µС˫Ȼô߰ţŬգŴ۾˵ʱǿԼǿģûԪ桪ۣȴ֪οڻش
㲻ؼŻشңȻҺʧһǻָĳŵ³Ĵѡ֮գڵĴҪ㾺λã㵽ʱǰȥԻ㣬ǸʱҪش𰸡
˵ŻЩŮӳѹֵͷţ˻ԪǰСסԪ֡
䣬ֺһЩ
Ԫ棬ѡôҲͲűˣΪңҲʧȥ壬϶ģ㡪ʧģ𣿡


633 ³齱
Ԫ治ػص£ֵѾͨ۵˫ۿֵսҲѾˡ
ֻսϸֻ̫֪£ҲͲ̫ģûг۵ֻǲлɽ
һţﻹڻζ󶫷ȥʱ
ЩʧΪԼû̸Ҫش𰸡
Ԫһˣкܶ໨ٳķԶʣҶĻᣬһʱҲû̫õİ취֧֧˵
絽׻뿪ˣȥ˺ȣԪޣһ³䶨ʱһҪȷش𰸡
ҲֻһʱһʱԪһа취ġ
ص֮󣬻Ԫڿֵľ
һ춯صɴԾʵǻͷβ
Ϊеһܾ˵ľ沢ûг֣ʱ̣ٴˣıս֣ʹѾ·˴ȥ
ֲҽˣһ㣬һ޺󣬻ȫסϡ
Ϊ䣬Ǭżֵʱ̫̣´תôƵʹǿֶΣɱһġ
ȻʱˣҲ̫˵֮ˡ
µˣȻֵͽԶ
Ҹ˳Ծģû೤ʱ䲻ľԶȻԲ
ˣԶʲôˮƽģڵҲ̫һζ̶ʱ򣬾ȻɾԲֱǲ˼顣
ԶԺԳѾ̵ʮϣҪֺ˫ͣս
ԶǳϤֵһУôһͽڣҴﵽԲ̾û취ȥˣֻͣս
̵ļ뿪֮ķǾԶ˵ʥ󣬲óƣΪ׵ЩҲҲӣֻܸԶȥ
һսˣսʧ
һս֮УһʮˣʮˣЩںͨӻսʱܵʧ
ԱԺЩŮǺõ̫ˣϸ˻Ԫ̰ðһսûκʧΨһһȺիô򶷵ʱ
ֵʧƺСһʧʹ̫ˡ
Ȳ˵ٰױϹһֻ۾һʧȥ峤ϣǵͨӣҲ𽫽ˣʣļ˴ȥ
˵̵жʧܸյġ
ԪʱֵĻϷԪ˽˲㳤һֻҪû£Ǿͱʲôǿ
Ǹ˻ԪԶ飬ԪҲû̫ļֻ֣΢΢üͷʾѾ֪顣
໨ѾȥģֻǾĹվͻûˡ
ԺŮҲ׷׷أһܣεֱսɹҲǳģһױȵС
Ԫ溬ЦЩŮӻȥصл˰ҽãûʲôı֣ص߻Ԫ治ҪΪʧģҪĽ״̬³źȵͷϷ
õİοûԪо࣬΢Цʾ޷󣬽Ů˻ȥ
Ȼʹ£һκֵĶԾһ޺ĲҲֵ˳ҪģǺͰ˲ڵӶӴϤתȡϵ֮С
սĵӱ¡صİˣԪںɽ֣պֵӣսһϯ֮ء
˾ٵõֵӵҵĻӭΪǲŶָӵйУ˲ôηΪһµĿʼΪ˱սһܹǰžܼ硣
֣Ҳ뿪֣һε¼ַӵŽᡣ
ȻЩԪʱԤϲģЩ飬óֵĽҩСЩ˵ĵӼʱľΡ
һֱæڣڲ㰲һЩԪҲЩƣķ˷Ժ
֮󣬻Ԫر˷ԺĴţԸ첻κˣҪԵİһ¡
һսԪδ·ĸһЩ
ϣܳΪֵֶѾǳˣ̺ɡ
ǣ־µһµһɵɡ
ϵͳ񣬻Ԫ涼ѾüĿ
µһɣͯӹĴҲңɼˣֻҪܹڶ壬ͯӹǴɣȻ׼ԲԲҲԣֻҪܴﵽڶ壬ϵͳҪˡ
Ѿڵͯӹڴ֮ǰѾûƿڣʹƿҲǽ׼ԲԲƿ
ɣֻһʱѣѵһٵ״̬£ѾΪ򵥵һ
ȻһڣǻԪ֮ǰͯӹɣΪ˸ֻܻһ꣬Ҳ˵¡
֮ǰܽͯӹɣбĻˣɣֻҲˡ
⻹һϵͳǾ
пɵģΪںжĸԪ治Ǹڴ˾ʤԼ
ն鱨ڴһԲĪаҪһЩǻԪ滹һɱﵣǾǸ߼ѧûá
ԲĻԪ潫ڽ棬ֱΪ֮²ƵģǾڲ֮ˡ
ҵķƣʤ
ǻԪٳٲϷýΪֻ֪
ھѧɹǶʵĸı䡣ӳԶ˵ȽָʵãǻԪòעԭ
Ҫ۲죬ȵǸڴ֮ٸʵ
ʱȥˣǻԪɵľ֮ıڸء
ڻкͽĿܣ̾Բᡣ
˵Զѵ飬ҪǻԪõѪħͼкܴĹϵ
ֻһЩԪ滹ȷѾ¶ģֻҪ˳ҽ໨Ͷ֮һҪǰһεġ
̲գԼ뻹׶ܰģ
⻹һ£ǹȽҹ
̵Ĵ־ˣ˵ǷʥֵģǻԪܸоƺڹ˼ʲô
챦߾ִ⶯ֻ֣Լ̷˸߼ѧҺͶҲԻʤ£Ȼ϶ԼΪʥ
νʥʲô˼
᲻ڹ˼ʲô
˵˼ɣǳȽҹ⣬Ԫ벻ǻ˼ʲô
ֻȽҹŹ֣ĥԪҲЩ޿κΡ
̨֮ϣԪĶﷴ˼⼸顣
ں˼ʱͻȻϵͳʾ³齱ʱ䵽Ƿгȡ
ʱԪʶԭ֪أȻѾǰ¶ʮˡ


634 ѡ
֪˰³齱ʱ򣬻Ԫûʶ齱ˡ
ϵͳʾ󣬻Ԫ澫һ񣬳齱ġ
ѡ˳ȡ֮ϵͳת̳֡
ԪʱѾѧѡԵĺԣЩǺҪĶɨһ۾͹ȥˣʲôסֻѡԵģѡġ
ҲֱӴЩ̫ҪĶɨһ۹ȥģĿոߵһ룬ȴ˻
Ŀص˲ľѡ档
һѾܾûйעˣΪܶණѾҪˣеĶˣ˵Ǽߵѡ
һΣľȻһҩ
һ˵ҩǳģһɫȫѧľôеҩأ
鿴һ£Ԫ澪ϲĪ
ⵤҩȻһöרõĵҩ
רŸţħõĽ
ţħרã֮ȫ
ϵͳĽֻôһ䣬û˵֮һʲô̶ȣΪЩûȷĵȼֵģֻܻԪǵʵжǵսԼһˮƽߡ
ĿǰʥţħԼڶʵĿǰľ£Ѿٴֶİǽ۵׼ԲĶΪϵͳǿߡ
ɼʹˣԪҲײý۵ս䴦Σ֮Уһʧȥӥ֮󣬻Ԫᵽûнų̵ʹˡ
ǴʥţħͬǴڵսϾһﳤôѿҲûʲôԣԵĻ࣬սûˡ
ǵսõó֣žƵĸı䣬Ѿб̭Σա
Ԫ濴öţħרõҩſϵͳҲһ㣬ЩרһʵĻᣬӦµơ
ȻţħĽ˵ͻдʥĽ߽۵ĽѻҲнĿҲ˵
ţħڵʵԼͬڶ壬ĻҲһ׼ԲսȻĿԲսĿǰľͺܴˡ
˰ΣԪŰĿҩջ鿴Ʒ
ƷûôľϲˣɹԪѡĽɲ١
˵󽱣ǷͷѡѾûԪ涯ˡ
һεĳȡͷȫȡ˵㣬ֻҪٻһԪѡ߼ѧĻᡣ
һεĸ߼ѧֵǽշħȦǺܲģĿǰֵҪϤת󷨣ûʺϽշħȦѡ
˲һ޺֮޷ĿǰҲɲɲǿõˣҲ޷ɷħȦսʼ֮ǰԪȥĪаˡ
ϾħҲ֣֮ĪаҲ˹ͬ󣬻ЩԴ˻һЩϣ
ʵϻԪ滹ǵ͹ĪаֵĳޣɷǧѷֱĻҲֺûǰ
ûɲ˵ʱҲûܼʱϻڵǻˣսҲˡ
ЩƷԪЩԥ
⼸εĳ齱ûܹô󽱣ԪЩȡ󽱣ǸţħĽջŻԪ档
ڳ齱ǿȡεģԪ濼һ£ǾȡöţħĵҩϾÿζеġ
ѡĿ֮󣬻Ԫǲ׵ļһ֮ѡ˳ȡ
׵ļ㲢ţԵʱͲ̫࣬ǻһֱԼļ㣬ҲγϰߣתһȦ֮󣬾ȻֱԽţħ
һΣԪȻ˽ǹ㾹Ȼһͷ˫档
˫Ԫǳһû˷ѻᣬûдˣҲԼƷһˡ
˸ٶȺܿ죬һƷͬʱˡ
˫ԶѡĽһֵģһΣֵĽƷȻǷͷ࣡
Ԫǽһû뵽û뵽Լһֱȳȡһû뵽ȻϷ绯һĻȻͬʱȡ˷ͷ࣡
ⷨ㶼ȡˣһԵѡ߼ѧΪˡ
ϵͳȡϣʾȡ߲㡢߲㣬ѡ߼ѧΪǷѡ񣿡
Ժѡ񡣡
ԪûѡԼûѡʲôǵһγ齱֮ѡ
ѹһ¿ģһεĳ齱ˣеڶεĳ齱ϵͳתٴγ֣Ʒȫµˡ
һת̣ɹѡĽƷͷ඼ѾΪ˹ȥʽٳˡ
һεĽƷ֮󣬻Ԫַ˼ɹȡĽ
ţħĽûˣ˴ʥĽ
ԪȡĶ֮УڴʥϣģΪʥţħһֱֻײǸɫʵʹóһЩǿĹˣֵİţħҪһЩ
˴ʥĽ֮⣬ξȻֳһöмѧ
мҩڻԪҲ̫Ҫˣȡ൱öͼѧһѧ֮һ
ڻԪﻹһöͼѧõģ룬֮ǰٴλܳһö߼ѧٴνһ߼ѧΪѧ
öҩЩûԪȡˣο˵ԼĶĽ
澭ľ
Ԫڹ֮Уǿľ澭Ϊ˶̰壬ΪϺȵˣֻڶ壬֮ѾΪȺ塣
þ澭ľ֮ľͽﵽڶ壬ڹʵҲĳԽԲĳڣʹﲻǸ̶Ҳˡ
ҪĸҪ˵ʲôûڹҪ
ƫƫѡ߼ѧˣҲ˵ֻҪԪԸ⣬澭ʱõ֡
ͨȡãλᱣԪ滹иôͼƻ
ԪҲޱȵͷۡ
ȡκһǼõģκһҲޱ۵ģԪԥ˺ܾҲûܵóһ˵ԼĽۡ
֪ϵͳѾ˵ڶʾ󣬻Ԫų̾һĿ˴ʥĽ֮ϡ
ϾѧҲõãʥĽȴʱеġ
Ŀ꣬Ԫ滹Լǲ׵ļ㣬ʼ˰µһγȡ
Сؼһ¾룬ԪЩѡ˿ʼ
㻺س֣ڻԪ漱е£ƺٶҲ죬ƵĿǰ
ԼļûʲôģԪ濴˼ۣЩҼȥˣﻹдʵصʥʥ㾿ܵһʲô̶ȾͿˣٴνôԺͽʥˣ
֮УҲ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ƺ˺ܾõӣϵͳʾڻԪĶ


635 ɵѡ
Ԫļʮܴ˴ΣܻжԵʱҲãƷҲã֮һΣǳɹˣ
ǹ䵽öʥ֮ϣԪ˷ܵˢˢˢľһȭ˳ȥ
̫˷ˣһεĳ齱ѵһˣ˷ⷨԼҪĶһôʥˣ۶ʵֵʵһ޴
ϵͳʾ𣺡ȡʥǷʹöĲܣ

ԪԥػشһҲǲܶĲˡ
³齱ǷȡƷ
Ԫѡ˽ʥȡ˳ԽȡԽá
ȡ֮ȡ˷ͷࡣ
߲㣬ԺĹȦԳֳȻɫԪоͲʺ࣬ʵҲͻ𼦲ࡣ
߲͸˲ˣԳַӰĻûʲôֻܿǸӰӣһֶΩΩФҪǱͽֻ²εҲᵹͷͰݡ
ȻֶżûУܼ㵽ʵʵ֮УԪصĻǷⷨĽ
ôãڴﵽԲ׶Σѡ߼ѧˡ
Ȼ˽ʱգɹԪѡĸ߼ѧҲǲˡ
Ԫûѡ񣬶ϵͳʣи߼ѧһһչʾмܹѡġ
ϵͳջԪҪ󣬽ʣĸ߼ѧȫ˳
һɹѡģշħȦ
Ԫ룬ֱѡһշħȦղųȡûǣмʵǿĳϻãڻˡ
ڶղϰ벿
ղϰ벿ԵµйҺͽֲͬǱļܣûԪķκεֻҪ֮ͽõǹ룬ûţӲ߾ˡ
һӲηڼǽղͲ£ǲôҲ򲻻
Ȼϰ벿ڻԪô󣬼ʹûղ壬ԪҲ˵쾳֮˵УվﲻǶƻԪķ
ѡ°벿ûпѡ񵽣ԵļܻǱġ
ղ°벿
˵ˣԲ²ƣֻҪŹҪһûԲֵԪ˯ͷ˯һǧ꣬ҲǺˣû˺
ղ֮󣬷ͺĽ൱ˣҲغķǻԪǳĶġ
ĸ񹦵ľ
ҲöˣҶˣҪӹɡ
ԪΪѡĸ߼ѧҲôˣ̽鿴һ£־Ȼм߼ѧȻһֱûгֹġ
黨ָųֵһָȻҲǸ߼ѧ
ǱָǿָԪָҲѾ˸߼ѧѧϰ黨ָЩˡ
ķǱ񹦸Ӹ߼ڹ;澭һΡ
ѡҲԻԪôѾѧϰڹĪ˵߼ѧڹǳڹҲ滻ˡ
е߸Ҳи߼ѧһˡ
ĦϢ
ѧе˼ˣһķϰҲء
زôеģûһضķؿɲôģŴĦϢרΪƵģ״̬ʹôĦϢ˾ͻȫҪˣԳѭͻƿо޴ġ
ҪͻԲһ޴ƽԪʵҲ˵ԼʲôʱܽԲûдԵԵĻôؾΨһķ
ĦϢôԪгһͻƵԲļʾͻӡ
ûŹ򣬻ԪûлԵĻͻƵԲֻΣҲʵսڹϲѷɫԲĸйٴ;ǲʮǧ
ʣļѧĦϢǻԪΨһ۵ġ
ĦϢ֮󣬻Ԫ滹Ҫ¿ϵͳѾʾȫʣ߼ѧˡ
سһ֮󣬻Ԫ濪ʼԼѡˡ
ų㣬շħȦ黨ָķʱǲ迼ǵġ
Լѡģֻо澭ľղϰ벿ղ°벿дĦϢ
нղ°벿ǲֱѡģֻѡϰ벿Ȼϵͳѡ°벿
ѡԪٴνѾء
ѡĵȻǾ澭ľѡ˾ôղ°벿Ͳѡˡ
ѡ˾ôþͬʱѡĦϢղϰ벿岻
һַǸɴֱӽĽղȫѡˣֱӽ书ϰ㣬Բ֮⣬ûܶԼ˺
һǻԪ治òؿǵģö߼ѧεʹã
ͽֶԣ񿴵°벿Ľղ֮󣬻ԪͻȻ˵ѡ
Ǿȡղ壬Ȼʹø߼ѧһŽղͽΪѧ
ѧĽղ尡ƺͽһΪѧ֮Ҳ²ƣԪ»ܴˡ
Ȼ˺Ԫ棬̶ֳȵķ£˺Ҳļ٣ӴԺ󣬻ԪҲܺĸֹء
ջԪ档
ѡڹͽֱӳԽͨԲܶ࣬ѡղ壬Ӵ¼ܶԼв˾޼ˡ
໨ķɵƶٶԼвΪ໨Ҳ
ԥԪ¶ģɴֱѡ˽ղ
뷨ȡ֮󣬰µĳ齱ǳ䶨
ӵװ飬Ԫϰ벿֮ѧϰ
Ѿ׽ϴ֮󣬻ԪѧϰҲõ˾޴ߣϰ벿ֻ˲ʱȫѧˡ
ѧϰˣԪûȥЧϵͳƷǲģֱֿʼѧϰ°벿
°벿ѧϰʱ΢һ㣬ԼһʱҲѧϰϡ
ѧϰɣʧȥӦеħΪͨ鼮
鱻ԪСպãҲֵıʱ򣬻ԪͻὫ͵ؾ󣬹ֵѧϰ
ֻɵʵߣߡ
ʱ򣬻ԪŸһı仯
濴Ԫƺûκεı仯ʵϣԪܸоԼǼ⻹ǽǣܶϣϣõһ˼ߣ
ǴʱǰҹԪҲһһղʵֻԺлˡ
ѧϰɣԪö߼ѧ
ʱԪѡһһղ壬ڽ֣ڻԪѧϰ˽ղ֮Ѿ˾Ӷˡ
Ȼηʲôģֻкܴôġ
ö߼ѧԪ΢΢Ҫ߼ѧ
ղ壬


636 
ѩԭشʢƵϣû֪ԭжжߣҲû߱ԭ
ʢƣܶҵҲԭ֮ϣ
Ҳԭģֻ֪ܸߺܴͬҲ䣬ɽҪ䡣
֪ģǸԭڵϳͷԴء
к֣ܶڣҲнնڣ˳ƺΪ¬ڵȵȣʲôҵˣڶһ֣ͬǾͽ̡ܽ
ܽǴ˷̵һ֧ɣúڷ̵һϵķطǲڵģݳصԪأ̵ܽƾôġ
̣֮ܽǰķɣˡСˣ򱻳Խ̣Ҳڡ
ڻڣڲش̣ḷ́ǱΪڡ
зʽȵȣڵȽϴ󣬶ͬΪش̵ںͱȽСˡ
ڵΧҲѩԭĵطҲдУ籦孵ȵȣҲڴУǶûѩԭôʢ
ʱѩԭ֮ϣڵʵѾȫԽڣΪѩԭϵɣڸԭǵž޴Ӱ
Ҳ걸ѧϵ˻Ԫ֪⣬ʵڻǿ书ֻǸԲűȽϳˡ
ںڵأλѩԭ֮ϵĲ
Ƿ̵ʥˣ͹ģԪཨ¶޷ȡ
쵼ǻ𣬵ǻδؾǲǿӵߡ
磬ǶڵĲ˽Ĳ࣬ܶ˶֪ڻл书ˣֻһЩ֪Ľʿ֪ʵźֵܶġ
һҲ֪ڵ˭ֻǸһЩ²ѡ
ֻм˺ڵڲԱ֪ڵ֣ʱֵļλʱǡ
ʱֵλڲĺĵشͨĵ֪ʱֵмλʱߵĴڣڻǽϣһܡ
ʱֵһ̽ʱ̳ǣЩѧϰ͹۲ĵص㡣
ʱһȽϳĸԴʱ־ڵһģڽ߷塣ͬȣʱ־ڵӡȨĽ͡
ƽ̴ʼڿʹʦΪʱ־ˣԺѵκھġ
ʱǹ콲ı仯֮ɣǲɸĵģһˣǾΥС
ʱΨһ񣬾ǼУ֮⣬ûκ¿
˵⼸λʱҲͬһҲҪֻתģǰһʱȥ󣬾ҪȥѰת
ҵʱߵת˾ͻᱻʱֵȷϺΪεʱߣһֱʱǹı仯
ǻһʲôһֱȥ˵ΪĵĹ
ʱߵǼǹ첻Ҫκ£ǵʱҲϣ£еǾͲһʱֵˡ

ʱֵλߣʱؿ·ŵһ
һλߣ˫ֻգһ۹䵽ŵϡ
ɣ񣡡
ʦ
ɣ￴ȥʮҵӣػشߵĻ
ѾǾ³һˣԭ˵ѡҪʼˣҲҪɽȥ˰ɣ
ǵģʦѾһζҪλãɣݱλʦһҪɽȥˡ
ţȥԭ·;뿪˸ԭ֮󣬾ͲԭֵķΧˣЩʿ֮ͬˣնΪ˴ﵽĿĸֶ伫һ·֮ϿҪСһЩ
ʦģȻţԭֵˮƽҲ˽һЩǵӿڣڼλʦӵȻǲģǵԭ˺ӵҲ޼ɣ
ɣ˵ʱһ˿԰ġ
ɴ⣡
ࣺ߱ɣ㽾ˣ
֣أɣЩưı飬æڵأʦӲң
ûнɣɫڰܳţ⼸ϹͷʶҪǿ̫࣬ڣڵѧѧ˶㣬ǼҲûʲôɽˡ
˵Żߺļλ߶һۣ˶ӿЦڸ̾ǰˣЦ涼һ˿ĽȻΪ̳ͽܣǼҲǳӡ
⼸ߴʱֵ֪ˣ⼸ʮ꣬ǳ˿ʱǹ⣬Ψһǽ̵ɣͽܣЩ̵ɣڴﵽʵǼǳο
߼ɣɣҲҪΪԭˣȻǻԭֵ㲿ֵʵҲҪ֪ԭ֮УмˣǴ򲻹ġ
ɣƹص˵ͷǻ΢Щص֪λʦѾ͵˵ܶˣжȽҹаĽɡʦǣ⼸˶ǰǰˣȲ˵ǲǻţʹǻţҲٳʲôˣѵͻôɵı𣿡
˵˵ţЩͦεᣬ˵һЩĺ֮˲μӣΨһֵõһЩģ¾Ǹԭ˰ɣʹӦҲܴﵽӻʲôɵĵģ
΢΢ü㲻ҪˣΪû֪Ҹ㣬ǰһʱ仨̵໨ڻأ֪һЩϢҲȽҹҲ֪ĴڣûȽҹͽܣ໨ҲǶʦ㣬Ȼ֪Ĵڣ绹֪ܲ𣿡
ӵȻ֪ʦȽҹ໨֪ҵʱ򣬵ӻֻһԲѡڻΪһȥμˣֻǸԲѰɣ
ɣ˵Żǰֽ˳ȻûߵĻȥ
Ҳȷʵпʱ͸չʮϰ䶼Ѿʮˣλʦѧ䣬һʲôҩﶼãѣƿмλʦһ·˳˳ˮͻƣš
ʮʱ֮ӻԵɺ֮£ΪһԲǸʱѾĿһе˼
οʮ֮ǰٴνٵͷϣɣѾΪ˹֣
ʹǵĶͣҲԶԶĲģ
ûоܹ۵ɣܲܲ
Ȼڼλʦǰɣ񻹱һ𾴣ʵѾΪ֮ûκܴԼ϶ȥ


637 к
˵ʢƵĵһģĳΣôȵλãʢƵƫһЩ
µλãƫһЩ
ѩԭλãλϷ
¾ȴԼһǧ·̣ѩԭһǧ߰˰·̣Ǻܶࡣ
ںȵı֮⣬һӣΪӱһСˮ
ıϣٵʮﻹһɽ룬Ȼܴ󣬵ɽҲȽվɽϣ̾Ŵ˴ķ˰ƽ
ƽһɫ£еʱ򻹻Իɫ˿ͷЩڶ࣬Ҿնأ̣ûǻسЩ˹ݹһ𾪳͢Ѫ
Ԫλ󣬵ص֪빥»룬ƽһ򾡣»ʵǰ¶¶
Ҫ˵ƽǰҲûбٸΧ˹һģٸÿζʧܸգԭ˻վѹ⣬Ϊƽ֮вٵĸ֡
ÿμݻʱЩǾͻ֣ƾǿ书͵ϮԷݳӣ͵ϮԷָ
ͨľ޷ͶԷĸŶӿ⣬ÿζԷߴ磬Ȼ½ʧܣǱӴܵĽ
ʧ󣬻ƽԽزⱣҲԽԽĽݿܷƽʹûƽԽԽ׳ҲԽԽš
˺ٸɴ඼һֻ۱һֻۣڻƽ֮
ֱƽ˸һسǺ󣬹ٸŻֽţսŶسǣҲʧء
Ժ󣬻ƽҲ֪ʲôǲӲˣɴ͵̷ٴȴٽǳء
ȻƽһЩٸȻҲȥֿԣ˫γһĬֻҪƽǳأôٸͲǣʹ˱ˣٸҲĥĥûһ
ʹˣƽõϢҲ֮ززٸҲ׷లˡ
ٸķΣʹûƽѾΪ˵صһ
ƽҲвҴĵط֮ĺȣǻƽĽ
ǵ궫絣ʱ򣬻ƽǾԲȷ򿿽һ㡣
뿪˺ȣ˵˥ߣƽ𽥿Ƭ򣬵ҲһֱûеԽȡ
ڶͻȻس֪ͨ¸ɾ³ǰȲμεѡƽõϢ˳Ƭ򣬾ԺͺȾˮˮ
ǲ¶ˣЩԸ򱧲ƽĴ
ǳ뽭ʱ򣬾ͺڵĴѧҵողһǴ޾뱧ҪҵɾͲԻͣΪġ
ǲпʵЩ۸ֵ͵һΣǵĴѧʱҪΪǡ
ƽôģڽ겻
һδǰַ̣ƽص·ϳɳꪡ
ʼʱδǵֻɱϻƽϳһ˶սԷٶٸ֣ȻɱˣͶԷսҹڼƣʱʹƽֵı죬һնڽ£һѻ˶ԷѣȻǽɱĳĳĳơ
ؽʷδǼ
һδԷ쳤ʲôģû͵º󣬴Ҳѧˣ֪ףͿʼǰ
֮һδε𣬴һ飬ǾûҪɽ
ƽһδεĹսأַ˵ˣѾǰˡ
ǻƽЩҲܴ֪񶫷سִٰᣬĺĽ˶ǰȣʱѱм۵Ĵ壬ʱ䣬ƽϢģʵʵĴڻϹ̷ִٿʼж
ҲڣôƽԻԷĴ
ǽȱʲôȱľǲӢۺܣðƵӢۣҲĸ֡
˾³һ죬֮ӭˡ
һһ
ɽկĻƽආԶԶؿɽ̾ɽկʾȻɽŵСͷĿɽկţԶԶع۲Էǰˡ
֮£ܿԷԴԣС
ЩУƽûʲôøС
ΪЩвͦ솪µĲ֮ͣǰһ˼Σžķ
СͷĿ̷Ըɽŵආǿ׼һ֪ͺ¿ҿɽţʲôҲҪ˵ֱӿżɸӡ
ආ׼ùȴԶ֮Դĺп
Щ죬ΪƺǴһɽģҾȻͣǰˣƺڽʲô
ѵвһ𣿡
ƽǰ˼⣬ֻɽĵصȴ

ӷλСʦѽʲô
һһ£¶һؿŶСС
ڲɣ
Դ뿪ʱֵλʱʦ֮ɣѩԭǰԭ
һ·֮ϣɣҲ˺ܶԭʿ
Ĳ࣬ԭֵˮƽɣֵһᣬһ·˵ܺԼᲢ۵ˣһԲûпڣҲǷëǣżһҲǸողڣûʲôǿ书ĻɫסԼһָͷ
ɣ״ڲӡʼλߵߣû뿪˵ΪǼ䵥ġ
ȻɣʮˣҹߣĽΪ㣬ʲôʵġ
СҲûЩ飬ЩֻĴǼΪĳݣСʱͻԼһɽˣҪϵĶɱɾ°һǬ
ȻѩԭĶǲôģɣҪҲûлᣬֻܽŵԭԺʵˡ
ɣϾǸոսһ·Ҳۣͦ뿪ѩԭͿʼٶˣһ·Ҳ˲ٵļʶ
ʹ˺ȸʱ仹ûе³ţѡм졣
ɣͿʼ飬˵ƽ顣
˵ƽһ޶ɽɣǸ˷ܾͱˡ
ʱǽ̵Լɱ޹ǶڶҲҪ飬ýѵͽѵôʹɣ񲻸Ҷͨ˶֣ҲмʰЩһˣʮҲû̫ʵս飬ò˵һԷʩΪĶϲ񣬶˵˻룬׼ƽЩɽ
ǵ˻ʱ򣬾ȻֶһвԼͬʱģֻ෴ɽկǰɽˡ
һ·ϼʶԭˮƽɣһθоľ
ΪгüĿǺÿͱԼСܶ࣬ĹԼȻûп


638 ֮
ԪҲǷǳȵؿǰһΪĹΪ͡
Ĵ粻ѿڵˣûԪԾģĹƺԼ֮ϣҪǿ
ԪҲˣȽҹͲ˵ˣǸܵĴϺͶϻԪҲǼģȻûǼ˵ϢǿǸоҲˣԣһ֡
˸оϻᣬֵòᣬϸ˵òᣬϾʮˣǸ˵ĸоʵ䡣
еԲԸעرòò¶ҲڣˣòȻġ
ʮûԪо𺳣˾ģȻʹﵽ˳̶ȣ
ѡڼڴҲҪμⲻܣҲ˵ǵĴˣһǳ֣Īа֮ϣӦþһԲܳʱĸ֡
ǻԪôҲû뵽ڴ˾ȻԲ
ǺԲ֮λԪ滹ЩյģһᣬԪҲЩ顣
û뵽ΪʮþȵȻҲ˲أԪ￼ŶԲߣȴɫڵӷ𣡿λʦֵĴ磬Ӧڰɣ
ڡ
ƶɮλʦƺĪǾǴ˴μѡڴ
Ԫ̽һ䣬ȻѾжϣҪȷԷݡ
ɣЩؿŻԪ棺лЩȻܿμѡġ
Ԫ㶼ҿ鶹ײˡ
ȴˣ˵ʾֶʲǺ˽⡣
Ӧ͵ģ츳һ㣬Ϊ˺ܱܿȽϵʵѶԸ
Ԫתת֪λʦγƺʲô
ҽɣʰЩΪķɽġ
ɣ񿴵ԪԵЩ˷ܣоʸԼ̸ˣȻԪĹõĿ϶Ȼߣ̫ܲ;ˣʲôعط
书ܺԼȣɣǴûΪλʦѾˣ֮УѾµһûгˣǰĺͱԼС书Լǿ϶ġ
߾ΪԷ˵ݣӵ׵õɣͬ
ɣҲԸЩƽģԪ˵ͷЩΪѵصԭλʦҲʰɽģƶɮҲǰɽֻôһȴˣɲðء
ɣһ£ʲôðģ
Ԫ濴ɣ񣺡ƶɮλʦֵĹʰЩɽݿȻǲڻ£ƶɮҲʰǣƫƫٴʦ֣ôǶһͬǰȥЩɽҲѽ
ɣ˻ԪĻȻ濼һ£ԼһʰЩɽǺεȵ磬ǰĺ֣պ󴫳ȥҲ˵ڵɣʲôʲôֲƽûжһôˡ
ţҲЩգǺأ
ɣӣԪӵȷɣȻ书߾˼ȷʵЩ
Ҳ֣춼ǹƽģɣϰ츳죬ȻͲ̫㣬Ȼϵĺ¶һռˣ˵Ļ·
Ȼ˵ɣ񱿣ֻ˵̫ǳûһԪһ£ҲΪˡ
װڤ˼һԪһȣˣΣ
ɣԪĻһ˿֮ɫİ˲Ƕģ̽ʵʲôģ
Ƕ˸ѡһЩƽһ֮ȡǵĻƽΪսƷһ֮ڵ˵ķ߾ϣʱ˭õĻƽ࣬˭һδĵʤߡ
ɣȻԪôҲԲǱһĶģɣ治׺ͻԪ򣬵˵书ɣоԵŰ
ǰĺЩĪζҲԲᳬԼȥҪ˵ɣⷽԪ棬Ҳǲŵġ
ʱɣİ˳Ʋһȣ˵λСʦܣȻ飬ʦұϾ곤꣬Ҫ˵۸㣬ҵĹǡǿ쵽Բˣ𣿡
ɣ񻹳˸۶⽫ԼĹ˵õһЩŻԪܿԼԲǾԿԼﵽˣһ˵٣öԷ֪Ѷ˵ζҲйʾ˼
ԪҲⲻмЦЦŶ쵽Բѽʦ˵ǲ̫ʵȻƶɮҺģȻмְյģ˰ɣΪҲЩ˼
Ǻǣ
ɣ񷢳õЦСʦܻȻˣҲʹӦˣȻҪ˵˵ԭֵˮƽ˵ʵڵģǲҵۣȻ㹦򲻴һԣ䶨ˣ
Ԫ濴ɣ¶ɫƺбԭֵ˼ҲӦɣʦֲҪ̫Сԭ֣ԭشﲩ˽ܵ飬ˮƽԲô£Ī˵жٵĸˣżɽһЩҰʲôģͨܶԸģʦɽ߻һЩǧҪӺɽСһЩ޵·˱ԡ
˵ʲôҰޣ
ɣ̲סĿЦСʦܣļûã˵ɽΣҾʹӺɱȥ˭˭Ӯ
Ԫ¶һ˿Цݣʦ֣ȻôţʦҾȴ֮ˣȿҪ˵ˣʲôĻҪʦû㡣
ĺˣֻҪǼ˿ȣǾԲġ
ɣ˵Żŵ󲽣Ҫɽķߡ
ɣ⸱ģԪЩЦãæסɣ񣺡ʦ
ʲô£
ɣʦ֣ǿǴģȻǴģôһҪиͷȻĵʲôأ
ʱɣ񷴶Щ¶ԥҴȻЩ̲Ǽλʦң˲öĲǲǲĲ
Ԫ漱æ˰֣˵òǶǮַʽҲǱһֱ书ԸΪһˣҪӮ磬ĸԸСܣ֪ʦΪΣ
ɣҲһµⲻƽ㱾ͱС˽Ҵ磬񲻵ʵʲôҲû䣿
Ԫ΢Ц޷ƶɮˣʦֵĹ¼ȥ֤ý˶֪ʦֵ׳٣Ӵԭ
Ԫһ¡Ȼʦ书ǿƶɮҲǿڣڽϵʦôҲ޷ƶɮȰɣûƶɮ´˵׳٣ֻ½Ҳûʲô˻֪
ԪĻʱɣҪȻĸоƺʲôıǶļţͲηôı
Ȩһףɣٴ¶ȻЦ⣬΢΢ͷȻʦģôʦҾ˵ллˣ


639 Ժﾫ
ɣǳ־ûǰӱϿ˻Ԫ棬ΪҪƵɽկĺҲҪʱġ
ǶⲢʲôãΪɣУֱӴӿоߣҲǸƨĹ͹ȥˡ
֮֮и򣬸ݷٵﵽеĿģɣ˷˸ɽկĺ棬ŴԼɵĵطӿ¡
ɽկ˲ûзɣѾһ£ɽկǰﲢûд
СУǹ䣬ϸռҵıˡ
֮УɣڻԪӡֺһЩ˿ѵһ˳۵ˣ˲书ҲãҲպܳΪѡ
һԼӮˣҲҪԼϹϾؽдˣǳˣʦʦܵĳƺͦãɣͦѵģܴȵš
ɽկӰӰ´µĻƽɣȭͷЩɱ˲գ۵ǿԼҪǿˣ
ո׼ǰͻȻ
ɽЩƽɣʼûȥǺܿͷ˲ԡ
Ϊܴ󣬺ʲôںһźϵľ۶ϵ
ϸһɣȷĶֻһֻΪֻһ
ʲôôܽľŪأ
ѩԭ֮ϿûĶӦһһɣڸղǺ˵ʲôʢƵһЩﶼǿսɣǲŵġ
ɣţ
ǵúͻԪĴģǸҲǲ򵥵ӣԼɲҪΪ鵢ˣһ˾޹ˡ
Ҳûȥ鿴ɣǰɽկ
ǸոͻȻԺ磬ɣεȹ֮һƿյȭ˳ȥ
һȭХкĶֻ顱һ죬׵֭ҺɽɣһʱȻһ
֮ϣһѾԼ÷飬ѿĹȿ죬ڳЦԼ
һˮģɣɫʱˣʲô˾Ȼ˵ϷˣԼǷҲ𣬲ԭ£
Ҳ۲ʹõĹˣɣɫĿѲӣҪҳʼٸߡ
۸ոɨȥɣͻȻˡ
Щŵ۾һ۶ˣΪǸϵĿ꣬ѾҡҡڰڵĴӺ˳
ɣȻûټʶǺӻʶģĶôأӦһֻӣȴһĺӣһĺҪĶ࣬ҲҪѿĶࡣ
ĺںģűһ˸߳ͷһӲӵԡ
ͷϻһ𹿣Ūĺͷһ
ֵǺӾȻҲѥӣȥƺ
ȻɣעǺĹӣһһɳĽɫǺһ֪
Ǻӽڵһ۵һҡҡλεԼʱɣ˼άʵڲǰһĻ
ղǺûƭԼԭشﲩ治Уֻӳôô󣬶ҶҼѾɾ˰ɣ
ɣ첻µز£ȴЩֵֹĶűܵĿ־壬Сʱ¶ẦºܾãǰֵĶҲЩ¡
ɣԼ书ģʦ߹ƾĹ򣬱˵û֣֣ҲԲĶ֡
ʦĻɣģź߹ɣֱͦ壬һӷ𣬾ȻǺ˵˻
ӣҲʲôطɾҴˣҵ鷳㻹ʸ񣬸ղһϵҲƽˣ㻹ǹԹԵȥöлһк֮£㻹ǡ
˵̣Ļû˵ֻ꣬ͻȻ͹ֽһ໵һ±˹һԾ߰Զ˫֡Ӧ˵˫צչɨǧһͶɣ˹
һӳȻط˷֮ŶͷƤ飡
ɣӶɳˣһֻ֪ôĺﾫȻϮԼһѵΪԼأ
ɣ㶼û㣬ֱӶźﾫĹӾ˫˹ȥ
ƷһֽӡһֽѪӡǼǿĹޣɣʣѽŹ˼¡
ҸҪģɣʮѾﵽ˵Ƿ켫ĵزη嵶ǹȻǰĺӿȥǳǿ׳Ҳ˺Լ
˫ڻӳʱ򣬾ѾʺֱӶŹ˹ȥɣһƽӴɡ
ֻҪӵˡ֪Ѷ˰ɣ
ɣ̣δ̫͹ֻӵһɨ˹ɣ˫ڿ
飡
ͬɳϣɣֻоһɴӿȻܿƵĵ˳ȥ˫˲ľˡҪ㹻ǿֻһ¾ͰѸ첲Ūˣ
ɳȥʮ֮أɣƲסģ˶ʮಽһƨ˵ϡ
ʲʲôɣֱһΣԼ֣ΪԼĴֻʮʱ䡣еĺöԼģĶԼãֺܶôĶԼԡ
Ϊͻƾ磬λʦԼһϷΪԼ
еĻԼѧǿطҲϰ˸飬ʮˣɣûϻʲô泬ԽԼ
ǰôһ
Ҫһˣɣ׽һЩΪʲôƫƫҪһֻأ
ʲôǿСĶܸʲô
ɣӡ棬ƺܵǧˣһץһβȥ
ˣӻ͵ң书棬ҲǱȽһУ֤ĺӵϲ̨档
оǺƨǺġɣӡһǴǺǿ߶
ǰһĻ׵ĵ߸ɣ뷨ֵֻľ޴ںӣޱȣƺùղһԲô򵥵ġ
ɣ޷ܵ鷢ˣһɣֻ֮ӾȻֿ˴죬һĳЦ
һûǳЦ
ͺϷŵЩڳЦһֻЦ쳣ĿɶһֻצӻŶӣЦǰϡ
ɣɫԽԽѿֻЦȴԽԽģɣתƿԼƽ׵ȹףɣ¶ƨҡ˼¡
ģûë
ɣӱȺƨɻ죬谡谡
оԼǶԸֻӣֻǸղһʱ⣬͹˺ӵԲų˴û뵽ȻЦɣĻˡ
һĵ棬ɣವһ¾Ųմأնź˹ҪֻӸɵƽ䣡Ի磡ͳͷ
û뵽ոճֻӾȻշ˼һ·ܵ棬Ȼ졣
֣ɣʾ˼ԣбͽ
ǺӵãɣЩԥˣΪɽկǱѾ˴ǸѾˡ
ʰֻӺҪҲ˶עɣɲƨƨߵظǸкд硣
ոôһԥתȥʱԺһһϷ˹


640 ĵϸ
ƽڴ˵Ҳݺˣ˿ǡ
һУʼУһ֪ʲôȥˣֻһ
ǾһУûƽ׵ıˣ̸ûˡ
ƽĳԱ书ٶЩвûԲĴڣͷҲڡ
ǸɽǰһƳγεĹӽӣȫɵģƾЩආǿż޷ƻǽӷֺ
ȻǺһȭ俪ɽţկ档
֮ΧȥǸиɴȴΧ־Ϳʼץˡ
ÿһץסˣܿͻṦȫǣĳΪͨˣΪէȻʧȥͨ˻磬׵ʧȥսʹûʧȥսģҲһȭʧȥս
ĵ˳ȥΧɽˣƫƫǴǸӣǸоǲͣչյٶȼ죬৵һ£ûˡ
ǽؿˣ֧ӣǱȥĻԶᱻơ
ǷӦ֮ɽկ˶ˣʣĵǱˣһɢҪλˡ
λҲôôã˵Ĺٱվվԭؿʼյץˡ
һ̫ˣԶ̧̧֣˾ͷɹȥˣֱ䵽Ȼȫʧ
ǼֱҪˣûͷӬһܣҲܲоֲ࣬һ·ȥģż̧̧֣һ˾ͺƷһ䵽ûмܵġ
ǰܣɽű٣ﻹѻʧȥصıʹǰǳȥˡ
ʣһЩ󱻺׷·֮һѷȥˡ
Ǹӱ鷢ˣǻΪһˣû뵽ںţǸոܵſڣǸ˹
˵ⲻһУһ£¶һ¶Űߵļϵ֭ͻҳĺҪؽлӲ࣬ϵıģһ
ܹ񿴵ɱĳˣ˵óȥһһƬĴ򣬻еˣ书ֱӱϲ˵㲻ûҪµм
Ҳ֪ôĻһֿˣɽկǸеĺãƴԪ߳壬һͷҾС
ʦҰɣ
ʦ书ɣˣ͸ñˡ
ʦУѾԲˣҵ֤ԺٱˣȲˣҲˣ붴ҹҹɶû⡣
Ԫɫ࣬˵˵ļһãҾͳȫ㣡
ȵɣſͰ͵ļʮƽĲҹʱ򣬻Ԫ漸Ѿ˷ƽģµǣüƽҪˡ
һɽկˣٷ֮ʮԪ£
һĵĽͲñˣ·Ծ޴ƣıȷֻʤ
ԪҲûнЩƽϾɱֻǷŻɽկջ٣ЩƽѾΪͨˣʧȥ֮Ҳû·ٵˣԺֻܰؼͨˡ
ǰµԪҲһһȥ׷˽ȱΪȡЩ񼫵ģԺȻйٸȥʰǣ˶Էȫ֮󣬻ԪѾˡ
ʱȥ󣬻ɽկ׵ĳΪʷƽҲֻܳ˵˵ˡ
ǲɢȫĵˣ˳㽫ǵһЩƱĲ乫󣬻ԪȥһֱԼԶԶɣ

ӷɣʦ֣ôԶʲô
ԪкЦؿɣ
ɣһ̬ľȻЩŤǸѾˣͬһ¹ŵСϱƵģЩͻԪ˵죬ְѻʻ˶档
Ԫɫ䣬ʵѾֿ˻ɣʦ֣ôˣ
ɣԵȭͷԼԼһĥĥ˻Ԫǰ˼ȣ˵ҵڻ֪ʦܽʲôأ
ƶɮһ䣬Ǻɽµķɡ
Ԫ汨ţɣȴûʲôӦ
ԪȻΪɣǶ֣ɣȴûԪ浱֣ļλʦҲûͷ·ɵ¶
ôҲܶɣʲôвΪɣҪԭ硣
ԻԪ汨Ժɣûʲô棬Ǽæԭʦ㻹Ƿɡ
ţ
ԪͻȻĻɣ㻹ƶɮʦЩ׵˰ɣ
ɣɫһ䣬ûźݺݵҧҧˣǸǻǻ㲻ȻˣҲԸķ䣬һ䡭磡
˵üɬޱȣǴӺ淢ġ
ԪصͷӦţɣֵܹȻԶţ㣡
ȥԼС߰ĺƤԳƴ磬ɣЩ죬ǺܸߣƤͻԪȾ֮ˡ
ҲˣɣʱҲȥˣɴͱԹ
磡ԭҲ̫ˣ㲻֪ղһֻӣüһһӱˣˣǲרĶûõĺãó棬Ȼҵ󣬻رĽƻܵҲ죬֮ԵˣΪˣ
Ԫ΢Ц͸ҪעɽҰˣôģ
Ԫ֪ʥܵÿ죬һ飬ӦòµģǴʥԹԺʵźͶ硢Ǹ࣬ԲĶ壬ûдﵽɣĺʹʥƴֻ´ʥЩΣա
Ԫɣź޺޵صˣҺǺؾϰ죬׷׷ܣʲô¶ûɳɣĢˣҴ뿪֣ʰû뵽һϵҵ飬Ծ͡ˣ
ԪʱǳһԭɣģʥĻǲ
Ԫ滹ǹصұΪСֵ㹦򲻴û뵽Ȼ򲻹һֻӣ϶ûʲôˡ
ԪĻɣʱıŲô£Ҵ϶ܴģֻҪһЩֽţǺӶ̫ľ㣬̹ӳƺҴλҵĳѧشӡǽܷģħ򲻿Ըһֻʵڲİ
Ԫת£ͷŶԭֵѧأ
ˣѧôѧСЩǴڳѧֻѧشӡħʦڸҵĻǺܴ󣬵㲻óѧ
Ԫ΢΢ͷϴһ˿ŹֵЦ⣬ԭֵ㻹ЩֶΣǿ˴ѡ϶һٶˡ
Ԫĳޣɣ΢΢Щ˼Ȼ뽾ոӮԼĴǰʵǽ


641 ѡ
³ߣˬӣˣ·ӢۺҲ඼ˡ
ʱѾû˸СǰʱЩήҵˡ
Ϊػغȣ¸ɷͬۺȣѡˡ
ȶ˽ӴӽӴĹģ¡س̶ȣͿԿһڽеĵλߵ͡
ЩССģǴ͵ɣһ㶼Ǻȵͨӭӡ
Щģɹڵִһ˳ӭӡ
ɣɳϸӭӡ
ǵֵĶ鵽˺֮Դڵ쵼壬ӳԱһӭӵ˹⣬ڵ˴۾
ֹȻǽˣҲֵԳӭɡ
Ψһ˵ùȥɣַһ֮˽˸顣
Ȼû˻ڵ̨˵ã׷µΧǸĵ᷽Χһķ֮ڶƨ糱
ܱˣûмɣҶϽˣ۽ëǿյģܶѾ²һҪˡ
Ȼص˺ȣѾڸֳϱ¶һְˡ
ʮһѾ˶ʮ꣬˵Ĺأ죬֮ͱ뻻ˡ
ȻʷҲûζģֹһ֮󣬺ܶ˶ϣλǿƵֻҪѹ˼ҪԵˣôҲʲô⡣
һǿƵΣֻҲûֹˣԿʼǲ²⣬Ӧڶһ֮
Ƕ˵ˣôӦһĻˣҴڶԴһ̬ǸƳߣʱƨʱ
ûεʱƨҲкܴЧ˼һǶˣֻȶûᣬ漰һǰսӵ⡣
Ԫ溭ܺãһһЩ˺ѣ̬ȺͰûκε־Ϳ֮ɫΧ˶оģǺкôģûʲôӰ
֪ԪҲûףɣҲģ־ڱصõӣǿ֣ԼһӮ
һڱֵ̫ˣպ󻹲ܵҪЦ
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һ䷽ɵİ˴ӻʮͭҲ𽭺ºһս֮ЩжǿĴʣǼֿȵһ䷽ɽܣ˵˷׷ӭȥشк
˴ӣ˸ˡʮͭˣʮ˸ˡţܺúܺãףôһǶʮ߸أ
ʮ˼ӰˣǶʮŶѽ
ȷԼûɻʻԪ棺һ䷽ɣ˵ʮͭ˻а˴ôһأ
ԪɻĻͷͻȻ֣ԭɣһﲻ֪ʲôʱֵĶ档
Լɣʰ˻ƽ֮󣬾ͷֵˣԼȥֵӻϣɣǶǰȣղȵʱڴɣû뵽һֱӸֶһˡ
ֵӵƷͳһģΨһҲǻǬŴ΢̫һҲ֪һŮӣ̴սʱΨһŮҲǳҲ֡
Ǿɣʹҵ·һϴźɫһģ֪˻Ϊֵء
Ԫ漱æɣ˹Ŷǽˣλƶɮϵֵܣڵɣ񡣡
һڵģͶһЩų⣬ΪϾɣЩڵҲв룬ԭûʲôѣȴռһһɵ
Ȼһ䷽ɵֵܣǾҪˣҲشк
ԪҪ˵ɣڴˣδ֮Ҫѡģǻû˵Ҫ磬·ͬ
ڶͻȻڴԼĽܣԪؿһۡ
ԶĹܿɣǳƫƫҪʱԼĽܣǷʲôأ
ɣƺҲûûнԼݣעˡ
ɣСһŮҲûмľۼأʱֵͨĽǰȥ˵Ůˡ
뿪ʱ򣬴ʦɣɽµŮϻǧҪ㿪
ɣǱ֪׽Ů˶вɽԺҲǿȥŮˡ
һ·֮ŮˣɣҲûоóÿϾǸûлױƷûϴԡ¶۵׽ëһϵݻĶӲΣҲûŮνǷǳϡеĶˡ
ɣҲûȥʲôطһ·ȻҲÿŮˡ
ǽ˶磬ɣֻо綼ƺ˲ɫġ
ԭŮ˾ԭ磬̫Ư˰ɣ
ɣֻоԼؿЩѹ֣˫ֲԽĺʮĬӷ𣺡ʦ˵ùȻȷŮ˻ϻҪ֮ļᶨֻϻܵˣ
ŬĶԿɫҪԼ鸡ıӰ죬ɣоˣ۾ʱ򣬲ŷΧɢȥֻһȵ˻Լߣͷصȴôǰס
ɣҲʶʧ̬ʶ˵Լڸʲô˵ĺ棬ǰΪ䰲ŵס
ʱҲʶˣԪɣԼϵĴ粢򵥣ҺҲҪμѡ
ڱ䳡棬ԼΪ˶ֵ֣أ

ֵӶٺԺкڵִ¹˵ַɣǰ顣
ãԪҲкҪҪͶ飬뿪ס
Ϥص·ϣԪЩд
תһҪȥˣһʱ򣬶绹ǶԼھȪƣڻϿһΡ
ǸʱΪ˼ˣ绹ԼͷΪ֮λѾΪܵˡ
ֻܵҲôӦģԪ滹ǵö˵Լһʱ䣬ȵѡԺԼҪһ׼ȷ𰸣ҪҪ໨
ţѾΡǰִ¶ԻԪǺȥ»Ԫһǰ
˴߹ϤĴԪڴľͷһױĶ硣
йأûκ˶ÿԪ֪һ㣬ҲõʲôһԶβҽɣݣ
˻Ԫһۣ㶼𣿡
ʲô
ҲݣҪǲע⵽һڴ˲μѡҲû˻ʲôһߵֲμӣ֮𣡡
μѡģô᲻μӣ
Ԫֵʡ
۾⣬صǳˣ¾Ͳˣһΰɡ
Ԫһ£ͻȻ˶˼һվ֣صĶԶԲУ


642 Ƚҹ
ԪϵؾܾԼ飬粢ֻ֣ǶǵҵİΣǾʹɲˣȻû䣬һЩԸһ֣ǲܵ顣
Ԫ֣صصȻô˵ȻһЩյģǲеģȷʵҪӮȴֶܿΣֻսлɣ塣
ҡɣڽҴ磬Ϊ֮λ
ε̾ϢһҾ֪ɣ֣Ȼ书٣»ɡ
֪֪ˣս
Ԫϵ˵һ䣬ͻȻֻһЦҵƽɣ书ķǲǻʤİվͻܶࡣ
֪ɣʲô书
ؿŻԪ棬һֱǺصģô֪ɣĳѧ
ҲżȻ֪ģĳѧشӡ书ҲôϤһűħƣӦøһЩ
ԪȻ˵Լɣ׻򵥵ϡͿľй©Լܡ
ûмƽϻԪôõϢֻ΢΢üһ£شӡһ֪һЩǰҲùֻûоֻܺ̽һ£ǽħƣҲδš
Ԫʵ̫Ĵӡ޷ǾһƷô棬ҲᳬȥƶƣͲŻ
ɽկƽһսԪ˴˵Ȼÿ࣬ڶ࣬ҲһĿˣڤ񹦵Ȼٴλͻƣﵽ׼Բĵز
ԪٴţﵽֱٴαǣƾǸ̶ѾԶˡ
ΪˣԪƶƴɣشӡʱ䲻·ǿġ
ĵģǽħƣ־Ӧһģɣ໨ķɵ֮¡
Ҳ֪ԪҲ΢΢üĻǲðء
˵㶼֪Ļô¼֪˿¾ûˣҪǰĻǲǿȥʡ
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ǻ˵һ룬ͻȻ˶粻Ƶ񣬻ԪʶֻӲؽʣĻʻ˶
Ȼû˵Ҳˣ˵صȥʱȥǾѡ񣡡
Ԫͷģֹؼʱ̣ܺ߶ˡ
ԼǷ붫Ȼ˻ԪԼǰ໨ǶҲǲ¶СŮ֪ԻԪϵش󣬿ƫƫԼܰæȥ໨ҲЩΡ
ιΣŻԪȥǾԲеģ룬ʲôһʵһ˿϶֪ģȥƱȥ໨Ҫá
˭ѽѵ¼ʹðˣб໨𣿡
ȻУҲһ룬໨Ҳͻʹ÷ɵģ书˭أ
˵Ƚҹ
ԪԺ̸Ǹ֮˵ľɫŮӣȻȥʱģȥʵ
ûʶԪ쳣ԽԽԼããʦĹ޵УѧҲǼΪԨһ֪⽵ħƵܣ϶ܸҵƽķ㲻Ǹǰȥ˳Ļѡ֮ǰܻҲ˵ѽ
Ԫһ£ʦʲôط
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绰˵ͻȻʲôЩɻؿŻԪ棺ʦҲϤƵģ
ŶϤйһ֮Եˡ
Ԫʱȷʵػ̹ΪԼܺȽҹŮܷʲô£ԶҲȻ
Ԫӣ˵ͷǻСĵصʦãȥԣһܶʦ˼롣
˵ЦˣƶɮȻм֪ȴκʲôԽ֮£ֻҪһ컹ǳˣͲŵ顣
Ҫ㣬Ǿɵϣ
ȻԪ˵ʵ飬ǶŲͯûһָô뻹ء
˶Ľ飬ԪҲΨһĽ취ԸɣĽħƣﲻæ໨ң֮ҲֻȽҹһа취ˡ
ֻǡȽҹԭԼ𣿻ԪһûС
µ񣬲ȥĻֻͺԼԵˣϵϵͳ񣬻ԪѡֻöԶͷʲôʱ
һҪ¸ɵţ֮ͳٶȿĻ˿Եҵʦһ˳ѡ֮ǰϻ

Ԫǲμνˡ
Щ˵׻ԪҲϲòӦš
оľȴܳԣڻԪǷǳʹ顣
ͺһҪƵˣƣȻǰһƿƣĻƵѶȾ̫ˣԪ洩Խ֮ǰⲻԽ֮Ϊ˳أɴþԼ֮Զˣ۲ΪҲܼ֡
ֱĥˣӲͷƤһһƹϣһһĢű˳Եͣʲôζˡ
һٷһֱԵ˰ҹۿҪҹˣ³ˣʿǲž㷹ȥϢˡ
ԪȻҲҪһȥصס˸תֵǣԼмҪȥѡ֮ǰһʱκԼ˵ڱչأ˭
˷׷׵ͷ֤
뿪ס֮˸ƧطԪٻһֱ֮Ľ۵Ȼն
ûȥֱӳҹɫ˵ͶľȪ
۵ڿɨһۣԪͿȻھȪߵĶ֮ϣһ֦Լϵͳġ
۵±ϣԪһԾ£˶ߡ
ֻһڴһſŵժ֦ڴװԪкſڴժһЩߡ
һĻԪ˵СҪ˳ʱ򣬱ˣƫƫּժһ֦ͱԥĸɵˣɼǶôıЩˮô˴أ
ˣʲôأ
ƺҲʲôɫ糺Щ˼ﻹڽ͵ǸʦȥģСܺ˼𣬸֦ʲô
翴˼ԪҲЩ˼ЦŽӹ˿ڴѾͷˣǺܴ󷽵ģͿ˭ˡ
һժţһֹţʮߣʮˡţժʮˣʦһˣҲԲ˶ٵģ˷ѡ
ԪŴӣһ亹


643 ȽҹǱʶ
߽ɫϼⷺ𣬽۵ƶ֮ϣǲãɽ
ؿڻԪĻĿ΢գеľ紵˿ʱĻԪӡ
һֻһС֦һƬ
ǶôϣԪֻϲԼһˣʵƺˡ
ðɣҪѾܵˣҲƽϻԪϲŮӣĵ߾ǣԲȥϲ໨
һ뵽һ컹ˣԼȴҪ໨ͷϦദܡ
ϣܼǵԼĺãԼһش𰸰ɡ
ˣĸȥ
Ԫ˶˼ͻȻӳ֮۾濴˿ȷһ·λȻָ򣺡ǱߣǸ߲ڣʦ
ָӽ۵ת򣬱Ÿ߲ȥԪʵʦΪʲô֮У
ҲǺʦʲôҪ飬ҪעŶʦﻹһڣǧܵ
ǰĽ𣿡
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ֻ໨ʧˣĪаħ̺ճ໨ཨ仨̻һĪаħֱƺȽҹͰĽˡ
ľֻǲתˡ
˵໨仨̻ڣԪҲΪܶԿȽҹˡ
ҪвȽҹͰĽ֮ʱĪаǳ֣ҲŹ໨ġ
Ȼ֪ĽĴڣ
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Ȼǲᣬˡ
ԪڹܲˣʵûлȨģԪĵ֮ҪϵͳԼʵһ֮ڽסǸá
Ԫ治飬ŷȻ浣һŪʲôʰ
۵ٶȺܿ죬Ƭ֮Ѿ˸߲ųǵϿա
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۵ڿд䵽һռ޴լ֮ڡ
լȻ󣬵ȴտյģ˵٣̨ͤ¥һӦȫмɽȪˮƫƫӰ
ͻԪӽ۵Ԫ֦Ȼ˰ϵķУǻԪһֱ֦֦滹¶ˮˮĺܡ
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ڲӦǺæôˣɡ
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ֻ䣬һССĿֻһӺӣԱ߾ȽҹҵţſţȽҹڡ
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˵ʱѾЩˣԪ涫ӣһƳ֮ʱֱ޳ص˱棬Ƚҹ˫űӣһ˫ƯĴ۾΢Щǵؿſڡ
ԪҲЩΣ˭뵽ôһĸ֣ȻûһĽ䱸öùȥ̽ôԼ˽ˡ
ȽҹҲ˻Ԫ棬Ǳƺһ㡣
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Ƚҹ˫ֽ˼ӶڱӺ棬ֻ¶ͷͼָȴû̸ϻԪȥ
翴Ƚҹ˷ʣ΢΢ЩɻʦϻǱȽ˽⣬ʲô鶼һν̬ȣڱ飬Ҳȫӵġ
һ㣬ʦ԰ǸĽ֮ˣƷò书еٮٮߣ׷ʦ꣬Ҳһʦһֱ̲˵һų⣬˵һ㣬Ǿȫӡ
ʦӣκ˿ڶ֪ġ
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ͷһԪȻû¶ʲôɫڵģǾȻҲû뿪˼뿪ڽԼʲô
ջصһۣԪ棬ʦҪ·ȳȥһٽ
ԪʱҲʶ˲ףæͷӦȻַ֦ŵһߵϣ뿪Ƚҹķ䡣
Ƚҹһ£Ҳʶʲôزһͷûȥ磬ĬĬ𴲱ߵ·
Ҳתȥʦ֣ʹԼĵӣʹԼҲŮˣҲϲ˿ӣֻԼҪԪһıܻˡ
ת˲䣬ȽҹȻֻСº㣬¶ɶ칤ĽʹԼŮӣһƳ֮䶼ȻĶʦ̫ˣ
ʦղǸоȻ޶ԣʵҲѵˡ
ٵʦղžȻ̹ȻǸУҲ˵˺ܶ⣬ö΢΢Щᡣ
һȽҹѾİ°ȹ㷢ãȻԶʲôˣ
û˵¶ǽǴ֦ݸȽҹʦȳ¼óԵ֦
֮𣿡
ȽҹӹǴ֦óһŰǣסŵ۾ʱһ
Ȼ֮
ûйĿ佱һ֮ѾʤеĿ佱
֦ģ
ǡǻԪֵģںȣʱ򣬾͸ʦһЩ
Ƚҹ΢΢ͷϲллˡҲɣҲӦлл
ȽҹҲûԪŶҪкĻԪ
ǻû˵ȴͻȻһ˵ıȡ
ɮ𣡡


644 ħ
ǰȽҹģĽǼģʱͻˣæľȥ
ոһȴȽҹ΢΢Լҡͷʾⶫٰꡣ
ʦԪΣգ
һЩȽҹĻˡ
ȽҹĴӺȽҹ֮ĹϵУȽҹؼӸ֮󣬲ûиָƽʱʦͽ֮ûʲôĪаԶôЩȽҹ˵ĻҲһپ䡣
ŮԾͺһЩжԸǺȽҹ׽һЩƽҲȽʦĻһκ໨һս˺Ƚҹǽ˻һΣ˵ʦͽϵҪࡣ
¹ػԪӲʦҲ˲ˡ
ȽҹǴһ˿ѵõЦ⣺Ҫļкܻ飬ŲʲôΣգΪʦҲǷǵ
ٿȽҹЦЦĴǷǳ޵ģȻʦЦĺǶǾãʦЩ⣬ðĽԪһѵһ
ѵԪʦ
Ȼʦ˵Ӧò˺˻ԪֻһССĽѵҲ뿴һĻļһҲóԵһѵˡ

Ԫ濴ǰնӣﰵ㣬ӦþǰĽˣ̶֮ħ̽
ϹڰĽĹ²࣬νʱ䲻رãҲûʲôǶʱħҲȽ
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һ㣬˺ܾܿǰͰýõĵ
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Ľ֮˫ֱͷεĺС
ĽƷòǶģѵÿܺԼòƥеˣǰĺǺԼһλģ֮
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Ľ㿡ݵ¶һ˿ɱǴЦݣֻЦƺЩ
Ԫ濴ŰĽ㣬ﾹȻһֲõĸоΪĽЦݣԼ˼ȵΣգ
ǿĵˣԪҲܴӦԣ԰Ľ㣬֪ΪΣԪ澹ȻԷĸо
ϸۿԷǿϣƺһ
Ԫָ֮оʱ򣬻ΪԴﻳɣɴʩչֱۣӰĽӣ
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ڵǵ
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Щ֮⣬Ԫ뵽ģҲֻһˣǾǰĽпܺͶٰ׵ơ
ٰΪѪħƣʧȥǣϻϣʱֵѪ
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˻ûеԪѾоһа壬̹ǵĺϮͬһħ
ȻԪ˫ĿһɣĽ㣡壬Ҳʲô·ƶɮҪħ
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ΪͬǸΣǳֵÿһҲȫǿһóȻҲԿġ
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Ԫ̽ͷһЩԣǸʲôԼħ


646 
ȽҹǸСӣԪһֻȻŵҩ
һŽɫĵҩƳγεķ˱ǣһ֪Ǻҩ
һɫĵҩ˸㣬Ҳǲ
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ʱʮ꣬Ҳʮ꣬ĽͱȶСһЩҴһЩ
ԭЩѽԪרע˾ϸš
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ⶫҲܿƴõԪЩţѪӰ񹦲ǿе
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ȽҹĿ֮оĿⶢŻԪ棬ͬģԪҲڶ
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˵ʶ®ɽĿֻԵڴɽУҲǵԣûԪ˵ܿء
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˻ԪĽͣȽҹҲЩô̵ʱ뵽һ㣬ǱҺͰĽҪǿˣҲȷڵǶҩоܵģҲó˽𵤺һԵĽۣǡ
ԪûеȽҹ˵꣬̽𵤺һ֮¹Ȼ𵤺ҲֱһССȱڣȱƺȺڵȱڻҪһЩ
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ۣԪҲͷˣô¶Խ𵤻ûãǳԺڵǽһԣҪ˵Ͽƺˡ
ѵⶡҪĽ֪һڵشѲסְһԻðĽһԣʵ壿
Ƚǰö֣ǲǹ뺦ǰأ
Ƚҹʱ΢΢ҡҡͷҲһǸ˼ҾòᣬŪЩʱһ㶼һ߻ᣬǻǳСⲻ͸ôͿص룬⼸仰϶ûʲôģܻʲôû뵽ĵط
Ԫ룺ǰϳҩĻأ
ĽһЩµĶ޷ųǶǿħԣðĽ𽥵ʧȥңҪǶо綾ֻⶾȴ裬ûʲôЧƷô˼ˡ
Ƚҹɫһ˿˿ĸˣôʶ˶һҶȥѾûʣ˭ˣȻһмͽܡǱϾͻСĽѵõĹˣҲ뿴ôȥ
ԪܹȽҹ飬ȽҹȻȥͬ껪ŮʵһٶˣԺٻ꣬ɶˣǱϾɡҲˣҲ˵ĸ飬ߵȫԼȥ˸ǲɱġ
Ƚҹô˸УҪѰҳİ취
̾˿Ԫ波һ䣺Ƚǰ᲻ڵǽϣƫƫܺͰǰڵĶγɻӶ˺أ
ֿҲûУޱȵ棬ҲĽڵĺƫƫ־綾֮ء
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ǰնĻ϶зܾȰĽģͿôѡˡ
ԵĻҲǸԵĻһ˿ᡣ
ӦֻһΣһãһΪˡ
Ƚҹ˼ԻǰյĽоѪӰ񹦿ʱķҰ취ƶв˵ȰĽķ
Ԫ澲ţǸʱ򻹲֪ҩ£ֻΪ˰ѪӰ񹦣ǺĽҵ˰ѪӰ񹦵ķȴֳôһ¶
ǲ֪䣬ôһֱŬ˵ǰĽһֱŬҲûʲôокˣҳһ취Ǿʱõ궡żµѪҺһЩ֮öĶ
Ԫͬһţϻı£Ѿ书ʲôݵˣʱֵУռȵණˣⰲĽҲ治Ǹʡ͵ƣȻַ˼İ취
ʳʳɹˣʱ򣬶ֻҪϣһֵģֻǣҲԸ⿴ǸԲһ룬ǲʲôû뵽ĵط
Ƚҹûнʱ廹ᷢʲôǱһϣϣԪҳһ𰸡
ǺȻҲûжġ
ȽҹɫȻƽȴһĨصúܺõˣԪЩʹԼӦʧڶˡ
ĬĬĵͷȽҹĻ
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648 ħ͹Ŀ
ԪⲽԺĬĬ˼⡣
ӦòĵŪôһϷŪŵҩȫҪġ
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ټ˼ΪһʰˣôڵĻ˵еĵˡ
Ȼˣô棬ͻԼû뵽һ㡣
Ūһ㲻ףȶԼͲ˽⣬ҰĽеʲôҲ
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ȻаŶĹ򣬿ǶǸʱҲŶʮ꣬Ȼڴ˻Ѫħ֮ʱѧִ˵еѧ˲ţɣԶԶ
˵ĽǶħˡ
ô˵ǿΪߣӰ԰Ľ΢ƾ谲ĽĹֿܹܳʱ䡣ôĽ㶼ûбĿƣҲˣʱƣеħѾ¶˳ȥǶǳΪܣٰͬһ
ֽǲܱܵģȽҹżеҪһ𰸡
Ȼһк֡ȽҹûϸԪ֮󣬶֮ͰĽ㽫
ԪͷԽٵתšȽҹǰ뵽һֿԣЩԾĵط
Ŷ˵
ȽҹĿһ˿ɣԼͰĽôҲûеó𰸣ԪȻôа취ˣȻǴˡ
ǰ룬ڵжģܳԣ𵤺ҲжģҲԳԡô·һǲҲ·һǲǿΪȻַ˵ͨǲҪֶԣ
˵ʲôһȥ𣿡
ûԶ
ԪԽؼᶨ֣ΨһһˣֻҪ֤ڵĶܹͽϵĶ࿹⣬ǷһЩ벻ı仯ٲᶾһЩôǿеģٿԳһ¶ɥ
˻ԪĻȽҹ۾һԻԪͷ˵ȷʵһ취ȻҶʵҲ˵ʲôܺù޲ߵĺáȻǿһԡ
ԪֵҷõʱкҪһ㣬ǾǵһԵģӦòǺڵΪڵǶҩȥҲܽ𵤺ķãΪҲǶҩȥĸ죬ԺڵҪڽ𵤺֮ʹãӦһЩյģȷý𵤻ƶɮҲǺȷ
Ƚҹߵͷ˵úܶԣҩ֮ӦҲ˵ģֻҪȡһĩ鼸飬Ӧҵȷķ÷
Ƚҹ϶Լ飬ԪҲǳһʱ΢΢ŻףӷƶɮǳˣȻҶķ
ȽҹЩ̲סһۣüĿ֮ķ֣֪ǺУɱҲɱЩַпöﲻģֲȥ飬Ϊ˰Ľ㣬ԼȥҼֻϻţˣµҲһ¡
ϻԪȴҡҡͷţǴǰյҪͶð֣鲻ãҼֻĸɣƶɮĸҲܼһЩ
Ƚҹ˻ԪĻĵľȻСס˺촽ֻˮߵĽëΪЦţУǽƽȵôţĸҲأķѧĲôѽ
ŮζʮĶûԪݺݵ˼£ȽҹȻҪɵˣƽһƽνӣ΢һ㶯ôҪˣ
Щ죬ҺƤ㹻񣬻ԪҲû¶ʲôֻ΢΢ĲȽҹĽǶȺܲһڿˮȻȱתڵҲɱĸĸȴҵӷƶɮ˴޹ص˼ǧл
Ԫ滹߶߶ȽҹҲˣҲָû˼£ǿʼʩչǧﴫȥ߰Ľ㷽ˡ
һ򣬰Ľ˳˽ʱ˻Ԫһۣƺûôĵˡ
ҲûͻԪ˵Ͼûеõ֤
ȥͺڵȡһ㣬Ľ˳ȥ
Ľ뿪ˣʣԪȽҹˣȽҹȴûнжǶԻԪʵǷ𰸣ҶƽӡͽħƵķֻһϲܰĽĽΣҶúõؽ㣬ܹλá
ӷ𣡴ƴƣлȽǰ
Ԫ澪ϲĪôԽȽҹӦԼ书ˣһûа
ȽҹʱӯӯһϮȹҡҷضԻԪС֣ﲻ㣬
ԪԺһ˲両ֳŽݵʱ򿴵˫ȣȻǿռ˼άķʽ֮ȥĿݶȽҹ˳ȥ
˻԰֮еһƬأվ
ǰҼʱʩչشӡһֱ죬ۿ˭ʩչʲô书εļԣҼסشӡˣҾشӡԵУҪСˡ
Ŀ
Ԫ󾪣ⲻ̵ĶűѹȽҹŪô߼书ڵӣԭһٶ˭ʩչʲô书ܹĻѧвԨ֮
ֻǲ֪ǷѧԼƣԼǷѪӰһġ
ȽҹҲ˻ԪһЩڵѧңǱħ绯ѪħһģҪ޲ܻõģ书ѧ
ԪͷǲҲȴ˼ˡ
Сˣ
ȽҹڳһֵƣȻһԾ˻ԪǰֹŹ֣ȴƫƫҪſشӡˡ
ֻʱûʹö̵˼ǳԡ
Ԫʱ񣬿ʼȫӦԣԤ֮ȽҹʵԼǲصĻ˵ġ
ŴţȽҹһ˿ϼΪĽ̵˵һЩʹ£֮ĦȽҹЩԳܡ
ԪҪǿ񣬲ܿסԼԳ
˵뿼һǷ֮ϣôȽҹ¾ϸĿˣ»Ԫܲ˼룬ʵҲͦԼġ
ζϽĽ̵һֱ˴ԼʱԪȫ˽شӡȫ壬ɣ񣬻ԪȫİӦ
ò׽˴ӡĴڣȽҹҲһǽ̵Ԫ潵ħƵƽⷽˡ
ûȽҹʼڣǱһƿ֮ĽѾɵ˻԰֮У˻ûؾ˷ܵĴУҹҳɹˣѾõҩˣҸоúܶˣ
ĳɹ𣿻ԪҲһֻǲ֪ΪΣЩԤС


649 ǵһ
Ľ˳˹֮󣬿ԪȽҹվһ𣬶ȽҹƺЩ죬Ǵûгֹģɵþüͷһ塣
Ԫ濴ĽĲ죬Ҳǲ⡣
Լ׵ĻһԼӣôĽʵԼˡ
˱ŮˣȻڴȽҹ˼۶Ҳ̫Сһɣ˿ȽҹͳԴףеĴ׶ԣ˵أѹ׷ô껹ûн
ȻȽҹûԺͰĽĹϵɻԪýֺͷҲóһ˱˴̬֮ȣ֪Ľ;ϿĿİĺ޽չ
ȻԪҲĵֻǱһƽӡ
ʱĽҲǳĺãֻü˻ԪһۣͶȽҹҹڳԳˣԭȷȻٷúڵڵĶԾͲᷢˣٷý𵤣𵤺֮Ҳˡ
ŵҩ֮оΣ
о˺ܶ࣬ܵζѾûˣҺҲЩļȻûгʧҺģһǳ״ȥģҴûоôù
ĽԽ˵ԽԼˣܲϲ
ΪȽҹҲһΪԼ˵ģȻȥȽҹ֡
ĽȻԼ֣Ƚҹһ£û뵽Ȼʧ̬
ɿ֣ĽڿС
ĽЩΣڨڨĽ˻ȽҹȻҲΪԼģǸ׽Ƚҹ
Ԫ濴Ľ㱻ܾҲ֪ʲô̬ȻЩˣΪǰõĸףԼϣֹḡɣţӦģԪôԼ
Ľƺ￴ȽҹͻԪڸʲôȽҹڶݵϲùָֻ˵Ȼɫ԰ĽոչӦǹ̳ɹʱ򡣲ﶺǸϽȥɡ
ĽһҲСҪЩĵؿ˻ԪһۡȻȥ
ȽǰǰĶˣٻᱻˣôǵǸļƻʵ𣿡
һ㣬ԪǳĹģΪ˸ԼͻɣԼҲѲ˹ϵΪ˻ֹûֹ
Ƚҹȴ΢΢ҡҡͷҲ˵׼ĽԼȫȫ֮ǰǲֹͣƻģںֹܿͣҲˣǶһı켣̫ˣʱ䣬Ƕ΢΢ƫ룬飬Ƕ̶ʱܹıá
ȽҹĻҲԪʱҲû취ˣֻȷ£רĵĸȽҹѧϰƽ⽵ħƵķ

׹öתѾǵ˾³˵İ
飡
Ԫƻ֮䣬ڽȽҹƵһ̹ڵأ
Ƚҹңңվ˻ԪĶʮɴʧܵĻԪڽԼĶ̹䣬û˿ľɥǿĵһ£ֻС£ɷСУ
ԪѾǱˣȽҹֻһͨĶ̹Ǵʹó˵ȫܴﵽɣȫֵȡ
ֻϸģʼֻٶȴﵽɣĳ̶ȣһδεĽԪˣȻһδβ䷳ؽ⡣
˺ؼӴȣԪҲǱŶصĹȻһδε޷ܣʼձ൱ߵ顣
һȽҹĳ֣ٶȺȣﵽɣǿһѾ˺ܶŵĻԪǽһȫ⣡
ѾԪ潲ȽҹҲ˸߲ң˻Ԫߣָ̧Ԫʾ
ղȻˣʵܸһЩšֻһ㣬ٲһ㡭֣Ҫ̧ߡ
Ƚҹһ׷ˣԪƻ̫׼ɴʾԪĻȻ֪˻Ԫַ֣
¸оǲԾȽҹƵǰ棬ûԪԼ
ԪҲ̫Ͷˣȫûע˵ѾһһַֻȽҹ֬弸ȫıϡ
ˣһξͺúܶ࣬šܺá
Ƚҹѵһ˿ңͷ佱ԪʱûԪҲڵͷ
ĿԹȽҹͻȻЩˡ
ܺһ˵׽
ֲЩ壬һ֣Ѿ˺ˮ
оС֣ԪҲ֪ضһ£ǣŵ־Ȼʮָۡ
Ƚҹһ£徹ȻЩûйľ
Ϣȹ̣ȽҹЩܲˣĺҪؿ
šˣúܺá
Ƚҹҵ˵һ䣬ŲȻЩĵǰһԪϽٷһļ

ȽҹһԪʶԼ־еˣʮó棬һͨŮӣֻһ¼ܱԼ顣
Ƚǰҡƶɮ˼һǵһαôְֵؽ̵ЩϰߣŪ˰ɣ
һ㣬ҲҲǵһΡ
Ƚҹҵػشһ䣬ȴоôҲû鷢һνЩ֪ˡ
ղŻһ˷ֿˣһһμ
ҹţŮӵķԣþغƽ
ǸɣŹҶ̸ˣӦûˣҪСһЩɣڹؼʱ̵ıȺܴϣܻһЩ룬Ҫи׼
Ԫ漱æͷӦȽǰģƶɮһСĵģ˽ĳзʽûˡ
ȽҹѾָԻԪǾͺãһȻҰ㣬ҲعģΪҲҡ
ƶɮףܰȽǰһЩ£ƶɮǺܸ˵ġȽǰƶɮİƶɮû
ˣ˵̫ˣҪĽչҶȥˣĹ㣬㲻Ҫ
ԪûʲôŵֻصصͷȻḺ˶硣
ȥɣȻֱ뿪ˣһ磬ȵѡҪʼˣ㲻Ҫˡ
Ƚҹ˵ŻһҪȥϢӡ
ԪͷӦȽҹΪھȽҹķ档
һǰһķأصȽҹķǰ
ԪĬĬٻһ½۵֮кܿһƬƣ۵ϿţʱӻԪ뿪
ȽҹԪ˻֣Ȼ׼ȥж硣
ԪȺ⣬ȽҹҪݵʱ򣬻ԪͻȻʹؿ˵һ䣺ȽǶңĿ֣ڻƶɮһֱء
ȽҹӶһ£Ųͣˣȴûлͷ
ðΣűŻԪ˵ͷúţõλãһȥϲҲһĿ֡


650 Ϯ,ҹ
ڽ䱸ɭϣʱľ̶ڻʹԺ֮ϣԱһӹ֣˵һĽʿˣǧҲԻ޻ء
ǰĹ㳡Ѿɣռ޴󣬸Ÿɵؿ̨ǰŴ죬м޴䳡Խӳˡ
䳡Ϳ̨֮䣬жʮɵĻشΪ˷ֹμѡ˱ನɱ̫ġ
㳡󵽿ˣҽȻϯ˵֮дûйʢĳ棬¼ɻˡ
ȥһƬѹѹͷͺĻһʢǰ
Щɻǰ棬֣ؤȵȣҲһϯ֮أֻǸλľֻɣһˣΧγһƬѵõյش
ȻҲһɣǼûκ˿ڣֻһ꼶ܳʲô£ҲǷһεѡֻɸӹ͵ġ
ڵγǿҷģֵˣԪİ˴ӺʮֲͭͬӵʿһˢˢЩͬĵطǴĳ죬ΧЩӶɵӵٲȻ
沢˾ۼһܰŹ֡
ǽ첻̫ԭģΪٳٻûг֡
Ȼ˵һ㶼Ǻǽ΢Щ˰ɣչѡڳʱУʱֻһ졣ʱʱϢȻʱ֮ǰ
ھ볽ʱֻвһʱˣһ˵ʱӦǰε˵һѹֵ׻˵˵Թô˵˵ʲôԺΪٻһ¹ȥչһδʲôġ
ŮˣزôϻܻҪ¶İɣôڻ֣ʲô
ȻЩǻ򣬱ϾĻַҲûкͶһ֣Ҫ֪һ䷽ɻͻһˡʱëǿͬʱһûǸʿӡ

۵ıϣԪͶظϡ
ܹϵüģ;ȴЩ顣
Ƕ̳ЩԴˡ
Ƚҹص֮󣬶ƾŮֱһ˿Ծ
Ƚҹ꣬ԼðݵʦǱȽ˽ģҲüȻϵĻҳˡûʲô䶯ݣһӰĽתҲֻǶ̶̵ϲþܿó
ǻص䣬Ƚҹ뿪֮󣬾Ȼ״̬
Ƚҹʱܶ࣬һȴһˡоʦЩˡ
ȻոȽҹ˭һ𣿵ȻǻԪ档
һѧһ죬缸ûм֮϶ǷʲôȻʦԲ״̬
飬Բʣ¹ˣеĶһ󵨵ľ
Ǿʦߣĵ˵һ仰
ʦǸСкϲɣ
Ƚҹûлش𣬵ױܵġԾġССȵصһ£绹ǿˡ
ȽҹոһĶ̾ʶ˲ԣϾֹͣˣͷĿЩؿŶ硣
һ̣ʦͽܾȻЩ顣
΢ЩɬЦЦлǺС󣬶Ϊûκεʦһ㣬ûκˣ

Ƚҹ촽¶˶˵һ仰پûġ
ʦʲô
ȽҹҡͷʲôûС
Ǵһ˿ĪЦ⣬۾˴⣺ʦһжôƷò书޿ޣһ㣬Ǿ̫˽⣬Ѷᣬ۾ĴС۾ȴ㡣
һԾصʦ٩٩̸һĪļ˼ά߼Ҳޱȵ
ȻͱСܶ࣬һһģǾǶŮˣҲɷϵģǺŮˣ˼Ҷҡ
˵ʵȽҹȻ˵ҲóŮӣҶһͨŮûеӢƣ֧ھʦǰ·硣
ƽʱӸȽҹǰ˵Ƚҹ϶Ὺĵģһõ˱ܣǽ죬ȽҹĶ
ͬ˵Ʒǻ۽Ϊ⣬ǶʣǲУֻôһ飬û˵
ʵǡ
Ƚҹ˵ʲôûзڵӵǰͣΪԼȥ˭ͣǻԪǶϲˣȽҹнһµıҪ֪οڡ
ȽҹֹԽؿ϶е뷨
ǸΪˣΪϲˣΪԼҸںκ˶ȽҹŮӵĻҲʲôʤ֮ģֻεҡͷ
ʦˡĲŮˣŮ˾ӦΪԼҸȫȡҸôңԶֻһϣԽðʦʦ½⡣
Ƚҹû˵½ⲻ½⣬ϸϸƷζʲô
ҲڵȴŻ˵زȽҹҲӦʾĽһ䡣
Ƚҹһûнͣ˺һЩƣͷʦˣǿЩȥɣĪҪѡʱ
ᣬڶĶȴס
ʦûκεĽͣ
ʦʲôҲģ粻ΪģΪʦ̬ȣͣĬһЩʲô
ʹĬϣûзϣ
Щʶһ⣬Ǿ˭˵ʦһʶҲֻǰûʲôĴ棬ûзӵء
һΣʦ̬ȣǶԼղ΢Щͱ˵ķ
ΪŮˣ裬ֻҪ˻ڣֻҪ¶һ̬ȣǾǶŮķ
ڣȽҹķö﷢
ԼĻʦҪȡʲô
ȽҹѾղŻһѾʦĻ֮ɢˣֻعʩȻĬĬ˳˷䡣
ʦͽԲû⣬뻹мദʱ䣬Ժӳأ粻Υʦ
뿪䣬Ԫ滹һֱ档
İ˶ֱϽ۵ıֱůĻЦݣһһЩã
³ˣ˽죬ͻҪԼ໨֮һѡˡ
ôѡ
Լģ֮ģ໨ֺγأ
ĽƵǽǣǲԺҲûл֮أ
һ뵽ʦǸ˶ж˷ĵļԼǲЩأ
糤üֵڳһ˿Ѻۡ


651 ³齱ͷǩ
ȽҹɫķöĴ׾ˣ֮ϣҲûʻԪǲǶʦʲôˣöЩĻԪ泤һ
ɫЩԣԪҲûѯʣʱ򣬶һ²һ¡
һԪ滹һҪǾǽ۵ոշͷɵ˾³ڡ
г齱ԪҲȥѯʶˣ֮ĬĬؿʼ˳齱
һγ齱ʱȷʵЩĽƷһö۵ûԪ۾
ʥûзý֮ǰ۵ǻԪΪǿĳ׼Բʵλڶ֮ס
ֻԪʧȥߣһֱý۵ս
ڶĴʥ֮󣬳Ϊ˽Ĵӣƾǿܹɣĸƴһ
ô׼ԲĽ۵֮󣬻ʲôأ
Ԫʮؿʼ˳齱һҲ̫ˣһξûôˣûгȡ۵ĽҲûлô󽱣Ҳȡһöмѧ
ڣԪһöѧһöмѧ뽫һ߼ѧΪѧŷ֮塣
һγ齱Ժ󣬻ԪڶεĳȡȻ˷䳲
ʱֵĵ˻ʹˣòǺܴˣһڵ˵ȵֶ²һ
ö䳲ãһҲǲǾ򷨵ġ𡱡
򷨣ҲɽԪѾˡľˮٻ֮ɽͳˡ
Ԫɽڴ֮ϡλԼ֮УĴħͷģзҹ£Ȼһȱķƣһɽ¡һ¾Դϣͻ̹
ԻԪ£ȥȡɽĻ
ǽԸΥԪɽûе֣ͬҲûд󽱡ûܻ÷䳲Ľֳȡһöѧ
ԪεͷȻöѧҲǳ󣬵ǶԼ˵㼱裬ھ³ŵѡûʲô
ãܱһЩ׵ĶǿԪ潫öҩպãֻҪٻһöѧһöмѧԼѡһ书Ϊѧˡ
齱֮󣬱̷ɻغȡǶȻЩ־صȣҲ֪ʲôӲŻԪ;ͣһɽˮĵطɢҪ󣬾ѡʼ֮ǰؾС
ԪҲ˶ʵҲЩģΪһѡԼҪ𰸣飬ʲôش𰸣ԪҲϾϣɴŶȹеļʱ
ɴͿڻԪĻ˯ˣʱ򣬻ԪŴ˽۵񣬷غȡ
صȵʱѾϾҪʱˣ̺ͻԪֿ
ں֣Ԫȥֵؿ̨֮ϡ

һ䷽ڴѡʼ֮ǰˣõȴ˳һ
ʱȻһЩ绹ǰչ˼䡣
ֻıȽϼһЩʡԵĶʡˣֻһ¹
һβμѡһаˣֱԼַһ䣬ڵĴɣ⻹ؤΰڵղӡ
ղҲǽ½ðĸ֣һֽʮƱԭؤѧҪǿ󣬶Ҳᣬٱ˿á
ȻһεѡַڣҲǸ͵ˡ
ĸ֮⣬⻹ɽһλͣ置һλ֣лɽɵźɵš
ɵţѾ˳̣Ϊ̵߹
̲˵ɣѱˣ͵ѱˣ˵ûʸμѡġ
СϵкܶҲǸŭԡ
֮Ҳѯʹ⣬ǲûʵѱ˵֤ݣһжֻǽԣʱܽţûü£ɵҲ˺ȡ
ŵ֮ǲŷ֣ԭǵŻˣԭŽϼӣȻһͷĺУ
ǸпʼˣǻܿͷḶ̌Һܶ˶Уǵ¿ɽŵ֪ɮԶ
Զѳ̵ּѾˣ˶֪Ƕû뵽ԶȻǵţҲμѡˣ
ǹ˳ѾʵˣԶ̻ƺһɾкϷˣڴţڴԶ̨ܹ֮µķһ䣬һȤһĻ
ǵĿ䵽˻Ԫϣϣܴ᷽ɵıϿջɫʧˡԪͬɮ붨㣬۹۱ǣǹۿڣģصȴѡʼ
˸˲μӴѡÿԷΪ飬ĸΪһ飬ΪһС顣
һˣһСˡÿСĵһ໥Ծĵһ
ȻͿԴĵһмˡ
ܼ򵥣ǱҪ˵ɲʸûʸμѡġ
˵ĪаЩ˶⾺ֻЩ˶Ƿ˼ˣ粻ͬǲμӵġ
俪ʼ֮ǰнһǩʽ˳
ͬǰڣһ˸˶һ׼õͲǰ档аֻǩдһдģ鵽ֵͬˡͬһСġ
ǶǼΪעģΪСʵȽĶ֡Ǿǩˣȡһ߶Ķ֣Ǿǩˡ
ǿһôһСĶԾҲΪʺÿΪʱֻвһ죬һʹҲлῴǿܾˣ̵ˡ
ΪǰһӢ˵òͲǰСһֻǩûͽֵˡ
˵˶ȡǩţ
ĺžǵһڶС飬ϳڵڶˡ
֮󣬾ѡַһ䣬Ԫ߹ȥȡһ£ȡĺš
ĺǩǵڶĵڶС飬Сʱ򣬻Ԫǵĳǳھ֮ǰͶ
ؤİղӣȡһš
֮ɽĽͣȡҲǶţΪ˶Ķ֡
Ȼڵɣ񣬳ȡǩ
֮ǵžԶȡһǩΪղӵĶ֡
ȻǻɽųȡǩΪɣĶ֡
置ĸ֣ȡˣֻʣһĺǩΪ˻ԪĶ֡
ǩܿˣǷ׷ۣһսĽоÿһ˭ߵϣ
Ԫ汾ûԼĶ֣עɣϣС֮ԼҪɣһˡ
ʱ򣬶ȴԪ棬ҪСǸ置֣ʹɲص


652 ֹʾ
ǩԺе˶ص˸ԵλãҪеһ䣬ѡҪʼˡ
ԪصֵĶ֮УǼϳˣЩӡ
ղӣ׼ҵӣ״ӣඥ֮󣬴ﵽڶ壬ѧļǿ潵ʮƣ书ȷʵ
ǾԶȻҪ࣬ȻﵽԲľ磬Լľ綼ߡ
ݻԪ̶֪ȵ˿ֻһˡ
˼ʱǱһĻԭһԴ̨Ѿϳˡ
ղؤؤ޵еģվһŵҪӣφµĹĲӣǳһǰ
Ĳ˵ƣؤǵһġ
ֻղӵɫأΪԼ֪ԼĽͬھԶ飬Ҳ˵ˡ
ԶǰֵʱղĴڣѳˣȻΪǵţҽԲղһڶ壬ôҲܺԲġ
˲ⳡ仹ҪеģղӲͷƤȥֻҪ̨ϣһж⡣
ؤȣǱߵ˻ҲСǵЩӶһЩףͬǵһҪǲ˵ɵģֻû֪ЩǸʲôġ
Զ̨۽ǵǱƳһۣԪ˫Ŀ΢յʹûпҲЩ顣ҵĽĿ˻䵽ղӵϡ
ߵ̨Եʱ򣬻ƽϢȥҶ۾ĵ˫
һ࣬ǿʼˡ
Ƕ˲û̶֣ԶĿעղӣؿڵղʦܡ
׼ҵӶ;ֱƽԶղӴԽʦá
û뵽ղӺһסڣֵͽѾûʸʦˡ
ԶЦһҽʦǡ֣Ҫ˵ͽѱ仹֮ǰɣʲôʸ˵ң
ղһ£ʱˣԼˡղҲһͽֻͽǷģȻղǲѱá
˲֪ѽղֲｫིЩϣм֪ܵһЩǻкܶ˲֪ղӻܽ
δ֮ǰֻؤﶼҪСĽ
ԶղӱԼҭ޻˵ղʦܣڱôƺ˰ɣ
ղεص˵ͷϾҪˣʲôϻ͸Ͻ˵˵ҾҪʰˡ
ܼ򵥣žҪһ䡭
Զ˵ţֻղؤｨףϧĵλɣҪڽϺԣȻǲġ
ԶĻ˵ÿ׺ݣȴ㺬塣
һҪֻҪղӲ鷳Ҳؤ
ڶղ̨ܻ
ղһתٷϻҪ־Ϳ죡
ø֪ôСӣҼȻͽǽձžֹ㣡
ղǱҲһȻңֹδؾѧþʲô¾;óɣ
δ䣬Ѿɿսһš
ղӸԪȽ磬Ȼ׼ҵӣҲ׼ҵŬģֹѧĺܶ࣬ȷʵȾԶҪࡣ
Զһ·ҵģղӸûҪֹղս治ô׵ġ
һ⣬ⳡͺÿˡ
ʲô޺ȭƣָȵȣһϵеֹ̨֮չʾ
֪ؤսأ֪Ϊֵڲдء
˹򶼺ܸߣսû𱬣Χ˿Ҳ񫣬ͿʼͣѯõĶʲô
һЩ֪ģͿʼ˵ˡ
ɿɣһˣֵֵסˣֵӲ湦򰡣
ǽʮƣȻؤ֮ѧǾ˵Ҳָɮģ˲ðɣˣ
ԶǸڷ찥Ǿ澭Ǿ澭һ䷽ɵľѧ̸ԶˣϧѽϧСӾȻͽ
Χ˵ۣԶһļǵЩÿˡ
ŶѾԲˣΪʲôҪؤôãѵֹܶʲô
ЩȻǾԶ£Ҳ縺żӾԶֳЩġ
Χ˷׷ۣ˵һ仰书ˡ
һֹʾᣬ˭û뵽ģӦʵһսȻġ
ʮӣԶһ˫ײƣһƽղӴ˸ͷһѪȥƺˡ
ղҲܹվԲȻͬ죬ֹҲǿˣ
Ԫ۾ȴ¶һ˿Ц⣬ղ仰˵úã˵˾ԶԲʵҲˣͬʱٴѧֹҪԣͬǿһҪĸ߶ȡ
ԶӮҲ׷ֻİ˰֣̫࣬ǻּصģܺͱſ⣬ǿϧֻûǸˣ
˵仰Զ˳ලԱһǲǱӮˣ
һ治ˣæʾһԶղӵսԶʤ
ղӼǿվҡҡλε뿪̨صؤһҲӢһĻӭؤӿܺԲԿôʱ䣬Ѿ㹻˲ˡ
ҲЩ׵΢΢ͷԶȻѳ֣ﲢûȫɣԭͬŻˣϧǸͽ
ԶҲǵǲ֮ԼӮˣ㹻ˣص˿̨̱֮ĿϳĻҪС鶼꣬Ȼٺ͵ڶСĻʤһͷ
˶ЩģȻһñȽ֣ûг̫ҵʧҲֻܵСˣǻǲ̫ģԶڴڶս
ڶˣһǶ磬һһɽɡ
ɽѾֻڵһɡ
ɱ˵ɵʵһ㣬ƽʱҲλãһΣǾȻһɼҲһĵġ
ԪǰҲ֪ɣȻɽԼǰ˵ɽҲûߵĴڡ
չأһ㶼ʵϲϳΪǰȻҪ΢һϳˡ
ɽ̨
Ԫ۾ϸشˡ
ͲƫƫȴüҺܳЩ졣
Ǵ˵ĹȴͣȻ׼Բĳ̶ȣԲҲһ֮ңˡ
Ԫ氵ͷѽȻ׼ԲǰһĿ֮ˡ
ɽ̨֮󣬴ӱγѽ
һѺɫĽһɫĽ˫һ֣˴ɽü붫ͽ̣
Ԫ氵³һҿǰüҿǺ˫˫һʤҲûˡ


653 ɵĽ
ɽĽͿ͵سȴȫȻûзڶ
ϵľ޴ⳡҶҲûɶɽĽ飬ϳ֮󣬿ٴηˡ
ǿΪŲƴ󷨣Ƕ粢ûһУɱţֱһָͽս
Ѩ֣
ɽʹľվֵ˼ûзӦѾƮȻ³
˶ĬˣûҲûл
ԭֳĹ̫ǿ׼ԲĸһжֲͱסˣǱϵĲࡣ
ǰĶ˵ӡ󲢲ãƧĥĺںԵͳͳᱻ˻ǲҪĺá
֮ǰ˵ˣһƫƫֱˣտʼǻΪ䲻߸û뵽Ȼġ
һ䷽ɵ书ûǶƺǿһЩɣһ޼ңΧĳʿ̫ˣﶼЩ£ħͷγɹǿɲʲô¡
ͷСսôˡʱʱ磬ݵоеСı䣬ȡʱ֮ǰСֻˡ

սڴɣͻɽ֮С
ɽһθڲսѡҲһʱȡͻƣ׼Բ硣Ȼλʿǰ¶¶һ»ɽҲǺõġ
ͷ˸ҰģΪԼĶֻһڵСӦûʲô⣬ʤˣôҪһ䷽ɺ置֮ʤߡ
֪һĶ֣һɣʱٱֳһЩӷȣַɴȱΪһԼѿġ
ֻҪַܺɴսһȻ󿴻˾䣬ʱ򽭺ϵ˾ͻ˵ǻɽͦѽ̭ڸ֣Ȼһ䷽ɴսٻغϣûʧܵˡдҷ緶
ѾԼ̨ϵӢˣպɽҲΪɣʦѧգɽŵ춼Щϲˡ
֮£ǸոϳСҲ˳࣬ССķݶϣҲΪ㣬һ֪֮ⷬԭֲԻҸԵ·ˣ
ɣҲеأΪһ£һʹԼʤˣôһҪַһˡ
κɣ񶼲£ǰŴ֣ɣһʱЩ飬һаڳѹԼôأ
ķʱǰɽžȻҲԼǰװǰ˵ģɣЩջˡ
ߣ뿪ѩԭ֮ǰһЩԭ֣ǵ֪ǰȷʵЩˣԻ⻰٣һ㣡
ɽŵˢһ¾ͳƲԳԷƣСȡ裡
ܼһУҾ䣡
ɣɽŷϻζһ£һַ˼ٶ˻ɽŵǰ
һ죬ɽžҪνû뵽ɣٶȿ쵽زֻһǰѸٷŴ
ڴӡ
һĶ鵽˻ɽŵϣֺ׼Բ֮Ĳʵ̫ˣԲܺɣһ£ھոս׼Բʵʡˣֱӱɣһ鵽ԭתȦ֮һͷԵ̨ϡ
ڴӡ⣬ɣҲǿһֱӽɽȵ֮ͷҲص̨ȥˡ
ھ˶ݵĳ֮󣬾ͺ͹Ͷһˮһʱͷˣ
ɣͶ粻ͬ˶֪ԲҺȻһʱͻƣûеҲˣһл׼Բĸģġ
ɣ˭ѽСȻҲһʰһ׼Բ֣ѵĹȶ
ȻѾֳֽˣЩʿ˵̫ңԶǵ뷨УܳΪôҲҪǰ׷ԲԵͷӲ˵ɡ
Ҳû˻ɣҲĹѾȶˡ
ʹˣôڵĵҲһƵѶȿɲȶĵѨС׼ԲֶûзӦ
ıǺöôĸһεѡкϷˡ
Ͼ˻ϲֵġʼΪһˣƺҲû֣ôӦ֮ˡ
һڸ̵֣ľԶҲԲǸƼ
翴ɣı֮Щǵؿ˻Ԫ棬ܸоԼͻԲƿĻҲɣĶ֣Ԫ
ֻԪƺղŵһĻûпһ
ﰵջһ⸱νӾȻеȽҹӰӣڿɲνʱĶ㶼۲۲
Ҳ֪ʦһʱ򣬾̸ʲôôʱĽ̵ʲôЧ

ڵķںðƽʱСһԿʼַһ置̵ϳ硣
ϳһʮҵ׳ŸװΣĆ˵ϻкüӣĹҵҲ֪ʲô
ΪСһϳȵǳǶΧתȦҾȻֵķ򿪿ڵһ䷽ɣϳĴ׹Ȼ֪ԲǷɵĶ֣ϳ绹ϣһε̵ֽĻᣬõָһպϳص置Ҳ˶Ǵʱ
Χ˶Цϳ绹ʶȤĹҲ㲻ˣ׼Բľ磬Ȼһ䷽ɵǰʲôǫ鲢ҶĬȻ沩˺ܶ˺øС
綼סӣСڣÿĴ۾Цģ˿佱Ԫ棬˭ˡ
ԪʱҲ۾ҲûʩչṦôһ˱䳡롣
ϳ翴ԪǳˣЦԶͶԻԪʩ񣺡ɣ˼ҿˣĽѾãڼˣ̫ˡ˲ãͥظԲòã֮պɷ涼ˣ
Ԫ̨ϳǰǴ˸ףڵӷλʩǴ置
置ϳ硣
ƶɮ˵置ö֪Ǽ٣
ȷʵģ置ڶ࣬һЩŪֶΣֻº档
Ҷ˽յս֮У֪ʩɻʹЩƶɮأ
һʱ˻Ԫ˼ҲĻ仹ǹƽ
ŪЫʲôģֻ²ô򣬶ֶŵòᶯ˰ɡ
ϳһֱЦеɫһͣЩεص֪ǷɵĶ֣ʹ֮Ҳ置˵Ķű죬Щ߳涼ҵĳʹԼóĳսҲװɡ
Ԫûеϳ˼ʩ˼˵ʹóսˡ
ȻɲͬĻǻ
Ԫ΢΢֣޷ƶɮֻһʣʩʹþˣھͿԿʼˡ


654 
ԪϳһǰΪûʲôս
Ͼһ⼸ڽϳķͷ̫ˣձ֪棬һһԲһԲ֮еǿߡ
ֺһսٰ׺Ͷֳȥ׷ɱһ䣬Ҳû¶һĻԲļл֮ȫˣǿԲ
ȻϳҲ׼Բĸ֣ǱϾһ̫û˿
ϳԼȻҲһ㣬֪޷ս֮лУʼûͻԪսʼ֮ȻһȥԶ
ԪҲûзݵȥ׷վȴϳҪˣʲô
ϳҲǲ²һǺУӦòô򣬻Լ֣ҪģҲôһʱѡ
һû׷ϳ糤һӼժһӡ
ڳ£һ£ʱһȳ֮˱ǣ
˶һΪϳųģȻһӵĶߣ
һĶγһţ֮һ䶯֮俴ͷƤ飡
ȸֶ΢΢ĲͷȥȻߣǱϾŮӣжбܵĿ־塣
֣߳ϳҲˣԻԪٺЦһ£ɣȻҲΪս㷸棬ô¾ͽЩСųˣȻôеӺͷɹа
Ԫ治ɫص˵ͷЩ߳㣬Ҳһű£ƶɮ㡣ֻЩ߳綾ҪȻǳ˽ȱΪɨزϧɶɴֵƣǱϾЩ̫£˼޹ƶɮǽǳȥʩҪƶɮˣ
ϳͷˣܽǳȥǾԹܳȥˣǱ߳Ҳ̫ģȻнҩ㣬Ȼ˵Ĳ̫ص¡
Χˣ˶Щɫϳ˵׼¶ˡ
ԭһʼǴ⣬ѹֻһ䷽˵ͬʹóĻ
ЦеòҺʵĻĺţ
ֻһ䷽ô˵ļء
ʮֿһܻʤʱҲˣЩ߳ҪĶһ㲻ÿ¾Ҫ﷭
ϳƺҲԼЩ߳ģ﷢һĺڣƺʹ߳
ȻһŵĶ֮˲ɢȻҲЩУͷȫϳ硣
ϳԪǱһָСǣǸоǵʳϣ
Ԫ⻰΢΢üϳ˹ȻݶǾˣҲ˵ûιʳЩˡ
Щ߳ˢˢĵͷȫ˻Ԫ棬ԵؿȥԼһٶ
ʲô岽ߣҶࡢߡߡ۾ߡβߵȵȣģӲͣ£һ˶ġ
һƬˢˢ죬ЩߵٶȳԽһĶߣɿԪȥ
ԪûСЩߣһĶߣֻҲòױΪߵĶȻܿ죬ָֻģ̨ûڵĻ¡һñĺ쾳磬׼նɱϰ
ȻóԼǰó֤Щ߸ҪԶͨࡣ
̧֣ԪһֱָһߵԴ
һָٶȲ죬ҲԲû뵽ǽ߾ȻڶһͷĿСССһڶͶ㿪˻Ԫһָ
һ𣬵ָһ
Χ˶Ŀɿڴԭ߻㣬ҪӦźã
ԪҲһЩȤٴʹðƴһƣ
Ʒ͵غȺ롣
Ʒ縲ǵķΧڣԼжʮߣЩڻԪ֮󣬾ȻѸٵҷֿ֮˷˼
ԪƷҲһ㣬ʹ֮ನҲźǿЩȻ㿪ӣڻԪƷ֮ನҲʮ߱ˡ
ģӶˣ⻹мǱನ˹ȥʶڵϷŤš
ӷƶɮɱˣЩĶɱҲɱˣɱǾΪ˾ȸˣʹ˰ǵƶɮҲǲ壡
˼ߣǸϳɫЩÿˣЦеӿˣƤЦⲻЦصɺù򣬲Ҳ˵̫ˣֻǿθС˶ѡ
Щ߳ǫʧˣȻԤı
źڣʣĶ߲پۼһ𣬶ǷɢıȽϿ˷Ԫӿ
һȳ˱ǣʹԶڳ˶ŵ
Ԫ̽ĳ֮Ҳ֣ƾЩ߳ӿֻǶϳЦʩΪЩ߳κƶɮ𣿡
˵ˣֻǿθС˶ѣ
Ǻãƶɮھϴͣ
Ԫ˵꣬ͻȻſһ﷢ХһֱȺȥ
һζûʲôܵˣһʱı
ϳƺϵ˻ԪУɣʨӺôûκ׼أЩ߳;ѵʨӺֻ²κǣ
𣿡
Ԫ濴һȺȻȻĴЩ߳ܿ컹µûʲôӰ졣
ȻЩŵܿϧƶɮʨӺ𣬲ֻô
Ԫ˵꣬ٴδһһЩֱӴӵƵ˿С
ϳͻȻɫ뵽һֿµĿܡ
ȻһɫĴӡƾճ֣ݺݵĻЩڿУ޷Ⱥ֮ϡ
ĲӬһӡֱӽЩ߳ٴһ˵档
¡
ϳһ޴ָӡǣЩߣһĳ࣬˴ӡ֮£
ѽѽôĺУȻҳҺƴˣ
һһٶߣϳ۾ˣɴִϽһӣŵһ澹Ȼ򼣡
ЩСһһ߶೤ľȻһ׶࣬Ŀǳ֮צıŻԪȥ
ԪʼʩٴηһʨӺ
Щ򼶼кܶצӣʨӺ˹ЩצӾȻץ˵棬ϺĿǵһʨӺȻôǿȥˣ
һ㲻ܽŪУҿ㻹ʲô취
Ԫ濴Щֲж򼱾ûô󣬿ȴô󣬶Ѫ֮Ũǯ֮мЩǳѪʳģһǻѪʳƶɮǣ
ԪҲЩ󣬰ողϳԸߵĻܿЩҲԹˣⳡսҪ˶ˣ
˫һһ֣һų֣Ѹٵı󣬺ܿγһֱﵽ׵Ŀֲţ
ɫţԪעϳ磺置öĲ٣õԵģƶɮǵһμҷҽӦ߱زգʩıӦˣ
˵ŻԪһ֣Ǿ޴أ֮ͿʼתֱȺѹȥ


655 
ƽʱԪǲᶯõģִԸֵܶôǺܴܲѡ
ǰһȺȺ򼶾ߣַʽѹãǿתЩֿܹģ֮ңҲãǶҲãһĩʬ޴棡
ִ֮ͲӦϺˡ
ȻǳˣǻԪ沢ûɮظһĴȱǴԽߺĳ
ϳҲû뵽Ԫ˶ۿԼ໿Ķ汻ݿ˸ɾͷҪѪˡ
ѽѽһУҵģ
һ˿УĴ졣
Ԫ汾ȥһнϳ磬һûôΪһԻкУʲôûɾԺʲôطǻɴξ͸һˡ
ϳԶǽǵĵطȻ¡
שǽײˣһޱȾ޴߷һذ˹
һ𻨴жʮףˮͰϸҾȻһΣȻͷ
˫ͷȻȴʵڵģ˫ͷҲûй
˾޴Ľ𻨴һ˫ͷģԪ滹ǵһο
̨֮һƬɹЩʿɫ԰׵ļæܣΨ󵽿ֲĶԼһڣǿҪˡ
ϾȻ˴ߣϡ档
Ԫ߶ϳЦһ䣬ⶼΪ׼ģߵǹ룬ԲҲδʤҪӦԣ
Ԫû𽥽ӽĽ𻨴ǿϳ磺㾿ʲôˣһǴĻǵԸƶɮİɣ
ʲô˲ҪģҪҪ
ϳںڵ置̵ĽóľǻǻԪϺǰ˸ӴϹϵôһ˰
ûеĹؼѾ̨֮ϡ
Ԫһ߾֪ˣ߹ƶɾ˰ɣԪϾȻоΣյϢڶϸоϢʵǷǳġ
ϳҲһָԪ棬Դ߷һߴָɫݶȻôɱ˻Ԫ档
Ԫ˵ʲôֻǶϳ˵ģʹǫ֮́ϲ㷸棬԰ɣ
Ȼ֮ǰʹˣ뷴Ҳˡ
ǺãƶɮҲһҲˣ
Ԫ˵꣬һ֮һźƴһֱմĽ۵
ղȺԪʱ򣬽۵ϴˣԾߣǻԪûдӦһٴͻˣ۵أڿߣ۵Ҳ಻סˣԪҲˡ
˫һʮ׵Ľ۵ͬƸǶϳ翴۾˫ͷ𻨴̳һţԴͬʱŵעӽ۵񣬲ͣӣԼ
ˣҵĳˣɣ
޴Ľ۵ϳɫ԰ףԻԪ㡭ǹģʹթ
ӷĿ֮£ʩҪģƶɮѧˣʹթһ˵
ԪЦһԽ۵ƶɮôãƽʱûԹʲôõģȥɣͿ๦ߵĽ͡
۵˷ܵطһ˫һչһ磬ֱϵĴ߶ȥ
㹻ͬĶܾͲôˣտĵ棬ֻ˫ͷԷĽ۵ҧȥ
ͷͬ۵ҲצӣѸײڶ֮ƣһͬʱץס˴ߵͷ۵Ļ򣬾ȻӲǽߴӵֱնȥ
֮Уؿ۵һ߶೤ļݺݵĶһͷȥ
һƬѪˮأһı۵ȥ
군ˣ߸ոճ군ˣУվˡ
ϳĿɿڴؿŽ۵Ŵ߷Զˡ
ݺݵػͷŻԪ棺У֪㴳ʲô֮Ѱ·
ʲô˵֮󣿡
Ԫһ˼˸߰˰ˣ̣̣ʩȻģϲ⣬㲻ã
ϳʱͻȻʶǰĺҲǸƲ磬Լʱԣǲʲôýġ
ʱ˵ǰľƣϳŵþһ󺰵ϡ
Ϊڶˣ
ԪһʨӺ𣬽ԷҪ˵ĻӲĶ»˶棬̧־ָ˳ȥ
ϳ类ԪͻĹֵæңüָ
ԪĳĿԼǿ⼸ָǴϳѨصȵҪѨλֱӻƣ
⼸ȥϳʹ˳ΪһˣԪֱӷ书Ŀܡ
ֳɱ˻ǲʵģԻԪֻ˺ֱ֣ӽСӷϵҲ޷Լγκεв
ϳĵ˼һͷ̨Ȼ˼书ȫʧ˲ᣬԺͨ˶ˡ
⼸֮Уǵһγִ˵ǵ۾ѩģȻܿϳˣǲûκ˾ûԪֺݶ
ˣһɱѾǱˡ
սˣĳСַһʤ
ϳ类̧˳⣬ߵʱ˻˻ɤӵһ䣬ҲҪҲû㱨ˣɱ˶ɱ˱ģһУ
Ԫٺ˵һ仰ת߻ֵؿ̨
˵񣬻Ԫһģĸֻǲȷѡ
ҲûôԷвϣԪص֮Уıˡ
绹ԣһǾԶ󶫷磬˾һʤ߽
ڶɣһ䣬˾ڶʤ߽
Ȼʤ֮Ĺ
ѾʱϢʱ䡣
ڰ˾Ʋд·ܣȻ׼ȫիˡ
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һԪȻζݲݵسھˡ
俪ʼһʱ䣬Ԫ£ͻȻߴ˶
Ԫ棬Ȫɣ֦žȪˮܲء
Ԫһ˵Ҫȥһ£Ȼ뿪˱䳡֮
һ·ʩչṦܿ쵽˾Ȫ
һҲǾ³ţ컹Ǿ³ţһһ졣
ɵķ羰̲ȪϣǸһµĳŮһȻ
Ԫ濴ŶھȪϣ߷ż룬ȾȪˮһװһ֦
Ц˹ȥ˶£ƺ²ء
΢΢ͷС˫°һĻȣıԣΪҵĶ𣿡


656 ʦʦܵս
˵⣬ԪҲǹ
ȽҹѧƽӡͽħƵĹ󣬻ԪѾЩսʤɣˡ
ԶͶսӦûܼңǻԪ滹ǿö磬ԶȻ˵ԲмһǲʡԵġ
ǾǽԲ֮Ҫ൱һʱ̾硣
ԶԲ϶ǽ֮ҲɱҪʱ乮̾磬ȶˣܼ
ӳֵ㣬¸ոѱͻƣľܹȫͲˣԾԶֻһոսԲĳڡ
ѾԲڣһֻ̤ˣԪ滳ɣ˵ʲôʱٴͻƣĳΪ֡
˵Ĳܴ󣬾ԶȻֿܵһʱʤˣһǶ硣
ǸʱԼսʤɣôĶ־Ƕˡǲòǵ顣
ȫԸĺͻԪսôԪӮǺѵ飬ֻµʱҪʩչʽĻֿ˶磬ԪɲҲ붫Լиʲôʧֻ»ԪһӶ޷ԭԼ
ڶ˵⣬ԪҲúܺãооõʱ¼
翴Ԫ棺Խѵֵͽ𣿡
Ԫ΢΢ҡͷҽѵҲһģʲôϵѽ
ƲһСϵܵô࣬ΪʲôƫƫҪҳֿ
ΪΪɨƽǰ·ϵϰѽ
ԪƤʼˣ̬̽ȡ
һۣôӾȪȡһˮ˻ԪȻԼҲһ룬ԻԪȪˮΪ׼ģǺһɣ
Ԫ촽־ȪǺöҪܰ¾ͺˡ
һ룬ˮһľ븹Ԫ泤غһϼɣ㵽ʱҪŵѽȱˣôʰû⡣
ͷҲҪ̫뵱Ȼˣɣ񲻺öԸʤôʱһᡭһ˶ϡ
ˡ˶ϣ
ԪͷЩðˣ˶ʲô˼Ѿͷİɡ
һ죬˺ܶ࣬ЩվҪȥԣԪ棬ھϵˡ
Ļ˵òףԪľ򶫷ʸȴץסһ£Ȼ뿪ˡ
ԪûͣھȪȡһˮһ

ԶͶ̨ʱս˼绹ࡣ
Ϊսܶ˵ﶼѾ˴𰸣ȻĹЩϣǴľƲûб䡣
ֻɣͻЩ⣬Щûйĸֶˣ䳡ؿ̨˸
Զ̨֮Զǹʩ
ʦ㣬ǿкЩûмˡ
ԶԶԭǶʦܣһζȥֵʱ򣬾ԶûпԴ뿪ʦȽҹ֮˾Ҳûмˡ
ɫ䵭ǰľԶڣ㻹ҵʦ𣿡
ʦ㣬ȻСֵܼ֣ˣҲһֱʦܣһûб
Ҹóƺ־ԶʦأԶأǽʦأ
ʦ㻹ǳƺΪʦܰɡ
Ǻãʦܣ㣬㻹ǵʦ𣿡
ʦԶӲ
ʦкζ£
⻹˵𣬵ȻǴ֮ˣûʦ˼ңûԶĽ졣
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ԶЩȻͶͬȽҹĵӣ˵ʵ֮伸ûйκεĽ
ŮбȻǸʱ򶫷绹ǶҲƧĺܣΪΪŮȴˣκ˽ԶȽҹ֮Щη嵱ʱЦĶʦ֣ôЩҲû˵仰Ľһ䶼ûС
֪ԭʦʦ㣬ʱԶҲΪֵˣûкͶ棬컹Ƿֱ֮ĵһ˵ǵһʽ˵
ûйͨĶʦԭ˵ͱˣֱӽԶ˰̣ԶЩʴӡ
ʦ㡭ȥȥɣܶ£˵־ΪתƣʦҲãԹҲգԶնɵˣֵˣԶʦ㣬ǻǡ
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˵Ż׼֣Զæʦ
㻹ʲôҪ𣿡
һȵͽ綼ֵͽΪֵߣԼѿˡ
ˣڻԪİΣܽϲŮӣӲܽϲ໨һֱںԼİ顣
֮飬ͱûϵԶ˼ȻѿԲӦȻԪûԶ˵ʲôҲΪԪ
Զ֪ǶʦĶ֣һ󣬻ʦͬһķݶϰʦһΡ
˵ɣҲһӦ
ԶΧһۣƺʲôƵģԶʦϣʦܹһ䷽ǰԼ䣬պлԶҪȥ֣ϣܹ澭ĵľڸҡ
ɫһ䣺ͽ˵ΣǲӦģҹ˽죬ҲκҪˣ
Զ¶ɫʦϣʦӦΪʦҡ
ʱͻȻͬʱɫһ䣬Ϊڲ֪ʲô˾Ȼʹ˵ĶԻ
ɫһݣΧȥǹɿ̽ĸо־ʹʧˡ
ԶҲԲҲиоɫ˼£ɴòС书ʼգʦϣʦܹӦ뽫һ䷽ɣԸԸ⣬Լѡɺã
ԼҲԻȥְ
˵ŻעΧĶǹɿ̽ĸоʧˣûзġ
ʦԼȥͻȥˣΪжﻹȥֻһܵˡֻ澭ѧɣʦܸġ
û̻شƺڿԶĻ
һԶֹ̨ܼĻҿԿΪ
ԶϴϲǶлʦˣʦĵףʦһ䷽ɰúϣ
һ죺˵˵ʲôУ
һ֣һƬ˸һĶԶ˹ȥ
ԶɫصԶ磬Ϊ֪ʦʵԲԼܿġ
ǶһУԶһϲʦĳȻݣƺûгȫҲⳡս֮бأ


657 ǿͷԾ
;Զս쳣ң˫սСʱ
Ȼоʱ񲻶࣬ĽսܴﵽʱģѾǷǳ֮ˣԶǿʵҲ̵ӡ
ȻĽҲϣʤ
ֻڶȡ˾ƣԶһʱöȴһƫֻ䴩˾Զļ֮ʩչһ¿̨̨֮¾ΪѪˡ
ԶȻˣڶ±ɵһ󻶺
෴ȻʤȴΪû˳ɱԶ˪ţЩĵؿ˾ԶһۣһԲ뿪̨
Ǳߴһ̾Ϣ֮û뵽ڹؼʱ̾ȻССʧͽҪң⡣
ֻлԪû˼ؿ˶һۣﲻ֪Щʲô
˱Ľʤ˳Ľȴַһڴɣ֮ı֮ʤλá
ʱѾûŶ統˵Ļˡ
˵ڿȫƭ˵ģĿǰпܼˣһͽˡ

ⳡս󣬾ֻˣһʶԾǸӵڴһ䷽ɺڴ˵ĶԾˡ
ʱѾû˸СڵǸˣһ䷽֮䣬ĺ˵˭ʵߡ
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Ϊλ͵һϳҲԸģɲΪԼǸ˴ڳϵԼ
ɣϳԺ󣬻ԪҲûаʲôӣ̨֮ϡ
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ӷһԣƶɮǲΪдøġ
ԪССĬóµ˺ЦɣЩ˼Դ磬Сû뵽ʱʹ
ⶼɣ쿴ϴЩģְôһᣬֵٴҲһ̵Ļᡣ
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ܼ򵥣ƶɮȻҴ磬ǴδЩⷢҲΪĸԸؽҴ磬Բԣ
ɣƺЩ˼ǵ˵ͷ˵òʵСΪҪĸԸдˣһҪȫλܳԽҵˣ书һϣһҪǿУһ㡭
Ԫ˰֣ãȻСԸôվ㡣
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ɣлεĳƺﻹвӦ֮СһƵƵͷΨֻԪ淴ڡ
ְˣֵΣ
ˣҲûʲôҪֻҪҴ磬ĸԸľͺá
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Ԫ΢Цƶɮ֮ˡ
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ƶɮţ˲䲻ܾʤ
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ɣδ䣬Ѿʧԭأһ͵˻Ԫǰ̩ɽѹһƾȻⲫ
ܴӡ;׵ɣһƴֱܽɽˡ
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ȥ˽ǷֵĻԪ棬ǽɣ񣬶ݵ˵֮£Χ˽ǶȥǵСˣ
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Ԫ˵΢΢Щɣʮ˭κβ˭ȽԪ滹һЩġ
ʱԪٴλһ޴Ľͯӹڵص·Ѿ˺ܳһξ룬ĻǸ̶ѾԶˡ
ƾǿηκԲƴǰɣͨԲͬն
ԻԪսɣ΢سһڻԪĳܷΧ֮ڡ
ɣεȹȻҲܲϸ΢Ĳͬ𾪵ͬʱϻ¶һ˿ЦݣɣһЩ࣬ͽʤܣ
Ԫ治ɫǿδأƶɮֻʹѡ
Ǿ
ɣʱ쳤Х˫һһţٴζԻԪ˫˹
ԪԴӽ뽭ڣûڴϺԼĶ֣ɣҲԼһأȾʩչһΰɣ
ЩƽӡķԪʱãǸֵİƣʼ˺ɣ֮һ춯صĶԺ䡣
䣡
һԶ𻨴ײһǽھʹ˵Ļҳ
ԺⳡڵĴԾǽֵǰۿⳡսĵص㣬Ԫ˵սرΪԺξ㡣
Ҳᣬ˵ĶԺ佫ڳȫסˡ
ֻ˫ץһȹ̵ĶñǾ޴ĺҡθ𵹣ˤ˶С¶⾪춯صĶԺֱһӶԭԼ顣
ͺ굽֮ǰһײȻܷ׵ɼʲô̶ȡ
ʯĵ棬һһĽӡ
ΧŶ˵ĶԺ»ζţһһߵĺһ
һظĴŮȫûעԼǰڸ˵սһһġ
ϧƽˮھȻûע⵽
ûлڵûĿĽֻԭʼ⣬Ұսʽڴ̼ǵӾ񾭡


658 Ľħ
һַɣһڴˣƾ䳡չһĶǵĴս
ִȻֹ̼񫣬ǻԪ֪ȥǲеġ
սʤҲȫǿӮõġ
ɣҲǲ뷨ȻռһƣҲԾʤ
Դһ֮ɣȵı任
ڵشӡȫʩչһǼǵƷɣʹ湦
Ԫ濴ɣˣҲ˰ƣתǿƺɣԹսʱŸոտʼ
ɣţشӡĻһӦ֧Ų˶೤ʱ䣬ǴûмУ͸о˲Ծ
شӡȻǿĳѧôһǰʩչһŵĸоأ
ɣƺɨܻԪ񵲻ǵͷƶŴãγĹơ
ǻԪȻͷˣǵͷͬʱ̽ƻԼĸʱƷǾȥԷƹˡ
һλԽΪɺϣǴˣǾͲɺˣǶָϤԼشӡ·
ɣԽԽܣÿһγжڶֵԤ֮ڣϰϰش·ɣʴӡ
ȻҲʵսȽйϵȻĸʱʦͬԼϰɣʦǹȽϴ󣬶ҲɱɣʵսͻԪԶ
̸ֽĶվܲסĿ飬ɣӿʼٱ·硣
߹ԷǴȴ·磬ɣһɻ𣬿ַй
ɣߴ򻹱˵ɣ书ȷʵҳǵ͹ˣҲѧϰشӡȥӮ㣡
Ȼ֪Ӯˣǻĺá
ɣԳЦһɣ仹̫˰ɣдһƷʤһаʽͽսڿǲˡ
ԪҲʾص㻹ǹԹԵ׼ҴɣҲġ
ɣ΢΢ҡͷ칥֮ͻȻԾսȦȻһһѽ˸ĽħƳС
ԪΪַɣڽħַҷİڳ齱ϵͳ棬ħγֹֻԪûгȡ
ɣĽħмŵģͷǼģеι״˼
ӷɣڵȵĽħˡ
ԪƺڴԼóɣɫ˼£ɣһҲηҵĽħưĪǡԭ׼֪ˣ
ɣҲɵϣܿ뵽ԼͻԪ˵Լشӡͽħѧѵ̶ʱ䣬ҵƽⷽ
ɣŻԪ̶ȣʵҲɵţԼشӡڶԷǰûһô˵Ѿȫˡ
ĵĽħʱɣҲе㲻ӳȥˣֻǺɵؿŻԪ档
ԪʱʤȯգȻ޿֣ɣɣĽħƻ޹ƶɮ֪ǷмսģҪףƶɮֶλûʩչأ
ɫ˼£ɣ¶ģɣװǻҲã涮һЩħƵԭҲãǽգһֵס
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Ԫʶ໨ķɵͽħƵԭЩƣֻǷɵҪȫľһ֮ϷȽħҪһ㡣
ħûзɵһǿַҲǼ˲õģͬһİֻΪĿֽ꣬ħƸӵעɱڲӰٶȵ£Ǿ޴
˵һİӵôħҲڵġ
ɣ﷢ħƾȻ˷֮ٶ죬Хž͵˻Ԫǰ
Ԫɫأȫעƣһֻƽʱ͵ǹڽɫâתܶȶˣϳһжٽء
˻û̫ĸоԴɣóħ֮󣬶Сȭͷˣ¹ػԪ˵ʱˡ
ɣ񷢳ħƣ綼شλվСſһԪˣ̳ȥˡ
ʲǫ̂򣬶ڶ
ǧһ֮ʣԪһƺݺݵȥ
һԪֻо첲ˣɣĽħ̫
ǡѾˣ
˿ɣ񷢳һòܴİǱַһƴˣ˶ѡ
ɣȴˣĿɿڴؿŻԪ棺㡭ȻҵĽħƣ
ӷ𣡶лɣСܣˣ
˶ԷĽħƣԪͷһʯأ˫ֺʮЦݣͬʱƺҲıˣɣСܵˡ
ɣ˵ϵĽħƺð죬˵ͷȻҵĲ²ǶԵģ
ţʲôԵģ
ɣ̧ͷֱӻԪ棺ɣǺܾˣδѱ˿̫ˣ
ɣĻԪӿһ˿õԤУɣʲô˼
̽ңʱһʱ飬ӡͽħƵ˵ˣº֪ҲҪμѡҾ֪һˣԡڻҵһֻħƣҲ֪ǳĽħƣԽӲסģ
ɣ˵ŻһֻħƳС
Ԫһ£û뵽ɣȻֻħơ
ɣȻû㾫Ҳ¶ԣħһֻһ㲻֪ɣ
Ԫҡҡͷȷʵ֪ɣֻħƣǼȻûˣһֻֻ
ɣ񿴳˻ԪɻЦһ£ܴʵɣҵĵһֻħƣʮһ֮Բڵġ

Ԫ澪ˣ綼Ƿһ˵ʣֻħָʲô
ʹֵܵһֻҲԵֵڶֻΪһֻҪʮ֮ͽ
ɣδ䣬ڶֻħѾֶ
һ˺ѿռ䣬˲䵽˻Ԫؿڡ
Ԫһ˫ӣһ죡
ĵħˣֻħƵĹ̫󣬱ԪԺƾԻ䵽С֮ϡ
顱һħƷļͷֱӲ嵽˻ԪĸϣȻ̽ȥһ㣬Ѫ˳
Ԫ˫ֶڲԾòţԾǵ͹ɣʵ֣ɲôӦ
ʮ֮Ͻٸַ⽵ħƾȻǿز
ҿԼ˽ղ壬Բ֮²ƣ⽵ħʧȥ˴ֻ֮Ǵ̴ԼıƤѾˣˣֻһ¾Ҫˡ
һֻûԪˣɣҲЩ⣬ʮ㣬ΪԼֻܷħơ
ɣֻħƣһʮ֮ڵô㻹𣿻ֱ䣿
ɣԪ޷ֿˣʮ㡣
ϻԪֲֻ˲ǣƺڲҪѪȴЦݵؿɣ񣺡ɣƶɮ˵ֻʹһĽħƾܷɣڿʼƶɮҲˣ
ʲô㻹ˣɣŵؿŻԪ棬ǲǿóģв뵱˰ɣҪ


659 ĳ
ɣܵΪǰĺںԼţ
ֵһιѾǷǳˣֵڶθˣƾʲôֵ²Ҳ˰ɣ
Ѫ˻ӲţҲôɣеĺʤҲ̫ǿˡ
ɣ治뽫Ԫɱ̨֮ϣŬ
һ䷽ɣҿǻǵΪֹɣĽħƣֶֻ׵ֵģʶһɣΪһѵõѣҪΪһ֮λ˺
Ļû˵ֻ꣬ԪูתѾ˺ܶ࣬벻Ѫˡ
̧ͷɣ񣬿ڴĻɣ񣬲÷ϻˣǻб·ħƣ;ûµĻھˣڳôˣǼ֤
ɣʱΪ֮ᣬлǲ֪ôȻǽħɣҲǳĴ󣬵ܷһġ
ɣͲٿǿ𣿡
ɣһ˵ĽħѾ̧һ仹֪ôһУٲԼҪһĽѵˡ
ʹˣѾһ˵ˣ縺ʦŵǾǶȡ֮λһ㲻
ⶫŵؿŻԪ棬ƾȻֵܵղŵĵڶѾǻԪļˣɣҪԪǾԵġ
ȰԪףʱһҪ˵ѡ񣬲ţһϲġ
и̣Ҿ͡
ﰵĴ⣬ЩڴгΪһû书ͨˣŮӾͲϲˣȻԼչһӡ
ͬʱϣ漣֣ܵһǸʱԼⲻˡ
ģǱ߻ԪѾ˾
ɣ񣬾ʩչɣƶɮǾ仰ԶҪСԭ֣ĽħƲԺ£ƶɮǰûõġ
ɣ¶˾ģǺãɣһ֮ҲͲˣɣһ䣬ҪͼȥԴ͸ǿͼɣ
һɣҲûʩչΣϾԽĹʩչԽѣһһսԶ磬ɣû̫İˡ
ǲǰĺУɣĻᶼûУ֣ȫػӳֱۣĽħٴη˳ȥ
ƿյΧ˾֪һԳǰΡ
̫ˣ
Ԫ濴ħٴηغһղŻΪֵνħƱЩֱٴҲ֪ǲɣĴԼãһֱƺȸղŴ׳һЩ
ۣ
ţ
֮ǰεͬⱾӦʯ쾪һȻһɻˣ
ħƱԪ˫䣬һ䵽˵ϣ
ûֱ۵ĲȻûǿĹԣʲôûзͺһֻӬһħƾʹ˱䣡
Χ۾ʲôνʮ֮Ľħôȿʼλ˺ܶء
ӦɣȻһƨ˵ϣŵؿǰһС
ܡⲻܣԲܣ
ɣѾǴ˳۾涼ɳѪ˿ۿҪڴ㣬Ӷɳˡ
ӷϵ£һнпܣɣƶɮ͸߹㣬ֻʩչһսƫƫţôˣ
ֻʩչһҸղźսʱҪһЩġ
ƶɮֻһˣŵĻԣ㿴ʩչȫжôǿ󣡡
ɣȻӵһԾһ¾ͱĵ˻Ԫǰݺݵһȭӭ˹ȥ
ȻĲСɣţֵǽħ֮󣬻Ԫ壬Ҳ˲СģܱԼ硣
ԪЦɣȭһѾˣȻȭͷҲãÿһݵĽˣɣʶԼǿɡ
ڵԼµľƴˡ
㣬Ԫȭͷһȭӭȥ
ȭײֱײ
ղŶҲûײʼʱ䣬Ǵ췭ظģʱɣռţڵǴĵת˹
ֱֱָۣ۵ɣо첲˲ˣһˣֵַļ򣬺첲ѾˣѾȫԼˡ
ɣСܣΰƶɮ˵ˣ
ⲻܣѾʮҲʮ㣬ҵ㣬ղҲСôǿ
ƶɮظͬĻֻҪ֪кܶ޷飬ͺĴѩԭԭȴһֻӸһΣѯƶɮʵȥооǺΪʲôôأ
ɣЩԶˣȻԸҲòϣйȻǶԼʵ
ôֲ˰
ôߵʵȻһֱװĲۣԼһֱһԽ̬ǰΪԼʵԶԶԷţû뵽ԶԶǸ˾ȻԼ
ڻеһĻĻɣ֪ԼʱıǶôİ׳գһɵ͸ˡ
Ԫʱлɣ֮ǰôҵսǰһ̻Ǹ˵ˣûκ⡣
̬ɣһ˿ҡ
ӷɣƶɮսأʵĳƶɮĴ磬ĸԸĳأ
ɣŸ첲ɫ˼ΣεشͷˣڵսûܵӰ죬ȴѾûжˣһֱ۶ˣȥҲֻȡˡ
ô֮Ķע
Ԫʱ̲ǺɣĶעСܣԼһҪģⲻ¹棬ҸҪģԺڵĴˡ
֮ԼСܣԪַɣ֮䡭պпΪѽ
ɣʱ̧ͷɫѾָɣҲԶŵСˣȻˣôԸķ䣬磡
ԪһЦߵɣǰһ̧ץɣ˵ֱۡ
ɣܵһֻȥֵǸסԪԷ׵ץסֱۡ
Ԫ浥һˣֻǰɡһɣѾʵֱѾԪعԭλˡ
ÿɮϰ䣬Ѿֵ˼˻ΣԪŪ⡣
ɣֱۻָʱĶԻԪóϷˡ
ԻԪʩ񣺡磡СܷˣµһĺҪ㣬һܽʰˡ
ԪЦЦ˵𣿡
˵Żعæ˱Ľڶ飬ַһʤͶ֮λ
ս˲̨ѾȫɣʱԻԪ̣磬ܸܲңôʲô⹦ɣﲻ
Ԫ濴ɣһۣԥһ£šȷʵˣƶɮ书Ľ档
ɣˣŻԪıӰͷ󣿽棿ʲô˼


660 սĽ
ȺĻ𺳵Ӿʢ֮󣬾Ӧˡ
ǶȴͻȻ˵ԼûиԭҪϢʱ
ҪȻûܾܾ˼Һпֹؼʱ̣ûĸ۵ȥ
ֻЩ˴˲Ѱζ
ۣ;ԶսӮıȽɣԶԶûһɣĵĴ
һɣսʱ򣬶ѾϢˣҪһһƽսĻᡣ
˵ַɶ˹ϵͬһ㣬һںѪսʱ򣬶˾벻Ӯʤ
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ȽϷḻˣǿʼ²⣬翪ʼ˵ˣչ˶֣ǲĴ㽫֮λøһأ
ְ汾Ĳ²ĵţȴӰ쵽ϢеĶˡ
ԪɣսȷʵĲСǺʤˣѵõϢᣬȻҪúõϢһ¡
ԪҲڰԵңҺûеʱ̾ѡø߼ѧΪʱǱȽղģʱѡˣôɣһǽħԼǵֵġ
ɣսʽԼЩƣƾǿȫѹƶ֣Լ߼ѧ£˳֮ٴηѾﵽһǰδеĵز
֮ףɣѾʲôˣʧȥ֮ɣȫԼĶˡ
ȻⲻԪɵսʤˣΪɣ̶ȣڻԪ֮ġ
ȽҹǰĽ㣬̵ֻϣʵԶԶɣ֮ϡ
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ȻڻԪʵǾ޴ģƾǿƥպսҲ𵽳䲻Ч
ɣһعȥˣҪԶˡ
ԶԶؿŶϢĶ磬Ԫĳ
ٺɣʹ죬ҲԸͶս
ͿǷ˼ҵģô˼֡
˺һëԪҲǽܲˣֻǻ֪̬ȣЩò⡣
֮λõǰᣬԪͶһ£Ǽδûлش

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Ŀ֮£˴ͬʱѾǫ̀
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Ԫһ£ҲôشôУɡ
ض˵ˣԪ棬ԴʶҵĹһֱ֮ϣֱҲˣҶϣҵܹأҲҪǿõϿɣǫ̂ϴҰɣ
ֱֱؿŻԪ棬ɫƺһ㼤
Ҫ˼˵̫أһʲôмˣֻȢһмӻؼˡ
ԪЩЦã֮ȫԷ곡ϷؽһεսӦȥżʹ˿ʲôҲ˵ġ
һսҺҪҲҪҪˣܱһŮõպ
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һһֱûʩչǾĹ֮мӽ룬˷ʤǴһɣ˻Ԫ棬ԼһԸɣģλ֮֡
ת䣬ֳˣȴǾһʹó֡
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ͻȻüһ飬Ԫʱ֪ãһ˶Ľˡ
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ָһƬӰֱԪѨ
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һָУ
Ӯ𣿡㶵ؿԼлԪؿڵָãȻ̧ͷԪԼϣӮѽ
ֻԪɫЩףȴȻ΢ЦؿԼû˸߹㣬Ҫ̫ӽǺΣյ顣
һֻԪһֻѾ̧ס˶󣺡ˣ


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ȻԪŶ󣬵Ƕֻ֪ΪǶ磬ϲˣ˵ĻֻоһˤȻ̤һֻѾҲпܡ
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Ŀ֮£ԪҲһֱץ˼ҵ֣ЩεطſҶѡ
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λͬǣƶɮһǷˣʹҲе鶼±عף˵񣬻ҪͬǶ֧֡
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뷨ڻԪˣ̵ܴһ˼ϣͽֱȵĵزһǾԲܶԿ̵ġ
ҪԿ̣ҪֵҲܱķأҲҪΧһֵľȻһɱȥ̾һۡ
Ϊ񣬻ΪֵİΣԪ涼Ǳõġ
ںͶսȻգȴû˵ľ棬һҲǻԪȽġ
Ԫ˵Щ˷׷׸ͣϾȷʵвС
е˾ȥǵ鷳ϾͶ̵ģžԶֵͽǣ
ǵȥѰҵʱ򣬲ŷ־Զ֪ʲôʱѾǵ˳ˣ˺һӡ
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ǻԪȫ׷ǲ֪Զӵԭֻҵúܡ
ΪԼȻϵͳȴٳٲϴʾ
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ͻȻ뵽һ飬æԻԪһҪӡҽɣӡ֮ˡ
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Ԫû˵̾Ϣһ˶Ĵϡ
ô֪𣿡
ҶںλˣʲôԲҪˣδϣڣҵȻҪ֪̬ȡ
˵Żۿ΢΢Щ죬Ҳزţɼӳ̶ȡ
ԪҧҧǿڵΪһʱ䣬һ֪𰸣ôҲ˵ˣһûн֮ǰҲѡκһˡ
ˣκεĽԼǽ໨ĿܾƾĺƤ˵ϲһӦ֮ʡ
ôҲû뵽ԪȻ˵˭ѡĻ
Լĸһģ໨ҲǼٵģΪʲôҪô˵أ
Ŀ･оӨھۼЩΪʲô
㲻Ҫģġ
ʱ򣬻ԪҲˣɴཫ˸Լ˵˳
һֱţ˵Ԫֻаģ԰ףѪɫ˻ԪߣֲϷſ˵ʲôҲĻ
Ԫ飬ֻеİο˵ֻҪԼʵȥˣôδؾͲܽ⡣
԰ο˺һ󣬶ǿʵ
ԪĻȻö缫ȵĵ£ҲһôǾǶ粻ٱȻԪѡ
˶֪ܻܲȥˣʱ򻹱µġ
˲۽ǵˮ罫ӡ˻Ԫ
Ԫ棬ȻҲ֪㼱ʲôһصӡˡ
˵ﻰöʱ׷ǼˣԪҲ˲٣Щؽӹߵλӡ
ȵǣӡˣȴûκεϵͳʾ
ףѵһû𣿲ѽʿۼ֤ģӡҲˣôûʾأ
Ԫɻصȴһȷʵûϵͳʾ
ʱԪˣԼʲôæٴεĴϵͳ鿴һ


662 취
ԪûеõϵͳʾЩżæϵͳ鿴
֮󣬻ԪϸؿһҪһ֮£ҵԭڡ
ԭԼһ飬ǾϵͳҪǣѡҪһ
Ԫʱһⲻǳʮһ죬ѵԼҪٵʮõ𣿵Ǹʱ򣬻ƹϲ˶ˣ˵ģֻԼתͶ̥ȥˣøƨĽ
ǿѹͷŭ𣬻Ԫ̽ϵͳѯʣһѵһҪʮ𣿡
ϵͳش೤ʱΪһ죬ҪԼ綨ǱõʿϿɣֻڹϻͨЧ
ϵͳش𣬻Ԫ泤һڴ
ûãԼʱ䳤̣Ļеϣ
һ£ԪһƻԶҾǷǳʱڣҪҲΪ˼ֵԿ̣Կ֮ҾͲˣȻѡ㿴Σ
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˵ָٵѪнյĵλ־˶ĥѣֵǽ˾ϵ֧뿪ֵ֣Ƕٴһ
ֵӵľɥй֪ЩŷҵͽǣԪҲȥԡ
ǲΣѵǼŮһֱôȥȻҲǲеģͻԪĳԱˡ
ìܵģҪֽɵһɣȻɹ˻Ҫףⲻǿ
ԪĻ¶ϲɫܻףҲһƬĵĶԴ㡣
ѽΪ㡭ǣҲҪףֻô׷дֱ̣Ӿ׿ǲеġ
Ҳԣôã̶ˣóȻףֵĴ̫ˣҲŲ¡
ԪĬˣʱûкʵĽҲԼҪһпܴٳɴ¡

һ䷽ɵѡΪ˵ֿⱵֻ̣Ҫ֮Ͳٵ֮λѡ²ż汸֮ʿ
ϢЩѡ˴һǿ룬һڣȾָǳˣ˳ôλÿɾеˡ
һҪ̲Ųٵô˵˭һǸˡ
ܶ˼ʵرʾ⣬ʵҲ˵úܣԻԪܿͻ˴˵ϿɣҴ˹ʶ
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еĹܴҪھ˲ţϾֵֺ;Ҳ޵ģֻѡеľӢǰ
оֵʵҲҪһ¥лԪԼʵҲĿ꣬Ҫڽ֮ǰͯӹڶ塣
ܻþ澭һȻŪһ߼ѧٽɽıȫѧ֡
ϽǧͷģԪ治±عף˱Ҫ󣬾Ҫ֣ΪֵֻΪݵġ
ںߵ飬ԪίжΪ
ûбȶӺʵѡˣԼ㹻ãԪȫģǰε㹻ҲɵĹЩʿ
һ˵ڵԭǾ£Ҫһص¡
صȻǲסڣֻȥԱߵԺЩŮһͬס
˻˵໨Զԩ棬ǻԪԲϣ顣
ȻΪԼصԭʱ˺໨ĶţٱԼһһԼΣ»Ҫڵ̨ϾҲû˵ԭ໨
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ǴһЩҪ飬Ҳ˻Ԫʱ䣬뿪ʱ򣬶߻Ԫ棬ᾡ콫Ǳ˶ھȡŹһ֪ĸ֣ʱڽЩȥ£Ԫ̵Ϊպ󷴹̵
£ûԪ潻̫ϸֻ˵˼ҪĻָ߶ᾡ콫ħٸͻ
˴Ӻʮ޺ֻ£Ԫǳ۵ȷء
쵼

۵֮󣬻ԪҲǴһ
Ϊ۵Ȼ˺ܴı仯
Ƚ۵ͱøΪ޴һЩëҲӵļӲ絶
צӺӵĵź⣬ûԪ涼ľ
ǳԵųƶĴ֮󣬽۵ҲǾ˴󲹣ʵҲ˾޴ĽȻûдﵽԲĳ̶Ҳˡ
ûԪӵڴ۵ý֮ӣ϶ҪڸӵǿҲԼһϲҲ˵ء
۵񷵻£ɾڸոճûãԪ˻յʱ򣬾͸оһĪļ£
̧ͷգƲ֮ϣȻ͵ĸоͬˣԪϸѰԼļµԴ
ǰҲйĸоǾʳʱ
һ뵽ԪͻȻľĪǡѾҪʼ
ʼٸߣǰĽȽҹˣԪûֹķκ˶ûУϵǶѾǾ޴еĶıˣ޿ֹ
Ҫ飬ֻǻԪ治֪Ҫãļµĸо鿪ʼףԪû뵽ô졣
Ŀ֮ΧһƬʲô쳣
ҲԼĿⲻԶԪý۵ۿ
ӥĿⱾͼ۵еٮٮߣ֮֮ܿϣĿ֮ܿ⡣
ǽ۵þĿҲûܿκε쳣
Ԫڷͷ鿪ʼ춯ôں嫵ǿ֮У˻߶۾鿴ġ
Һùһļµĸоʧˡ
Ԫ治ֻ࣬ó۵ֱӷɽ¡
ص֮󣬻ԪԸֵڼʵһʱ䣬ܾеһĽʿǰֽѵȵʵ㹻ʱ򣬾̡
Ԫ汾ˣҲʼ˽ŵֶ롣
ӳ˴ԼһܣڷԺڿ޵ĻԪоĺԼ


663 Ƚҹĸ
Ԫʱ٣ʮ˱ļĸоϴ֮һȵǰһ£һܵıչزȾǰˣͯӹڶľѾԶˡ
ݻԪĹ㣬òһ£ͯӹͽĴﵽڶ壬ҲϵͳҪĴɵز
һ뵽һϵͳߣԪͻǾ
Ǿʱһ
ԺӦòᱻ͵͵ĽǴ󣬺ڴڵλôġ
ᵭţûԪоѹǰһ
æתͷȥλãֻȽҹһϮʤѩվڴ⿴
ȽǰôˣΪʲôأ
Ƚҹҡҡͷ˵㵱ѡ֮ҾΪףأֻҵŵԡ
ɣȽҹԪãԼսʤɣ񣬵õ֮λǺܸмġ
Ƚҹȴվûҽȥ𣿡
ɣƶɮȻǳˣбӰӰбû˻˵ĵġ
ȽҹƺûзֻԪĿתߵ˻Ԫǰڡ
˷Ժ֮Ƚҹ˴ڵϣ۾ĴѵõĴһȻڻԪɵľҲһЩ档
Ԫһ裬ȻҲȽǰƶɮûкúõлл㣬̵
Ԫ˵˵ŲԼһͣ˵ʲôأѵƶɮһɫǣʹûô룬Ǳʶ͸¶
ȽҹҲ΢΢ĵͷҧһ촽ûʲôҲûʲô
ȽҹƺƽԼĿ󣬻Ԫһô˵ϾȽǰң˵ˮ֮ţصӿȪ౨ƶɮ뱨Ƚǰ֪ȽǰҪʲô
Ƚҹ˻ԪһְۣĿ䵽Աߵ¯֮ϣûʲôҪģ¯ܱ£ܺš
ԪҲ˿Ǹ¯ϵͳȡģζЧȽҹܷһ㣬Ȼǹġ
Ԫ治볶ЩϵͳйصĶֻü˶Ҫѽҽôˣ˶е׷Ƚǰƶɮľˡ
Ԫ滰û˵꣬ץϵĲ豭ݺݵĹһڣУҪ侲һ£˼·оҲô˵״εء
ǽԪĵοȽҹû˵ԭĻֻô۾ذһۣͷ˵ˡ
ȻһٶûİԪε룬ƽһڸоһЩżȽǰֻΪףƶɮѡô𣿡
Ϊ𣿡Ƚҹһ䡣
ҲǲˮûԪ侲Ƚҹ˷ܵȥˣ΢ЦŵȽǰͷϵӴˡ
Ƚҹһ£æȥһͷȻһЩ
Ƚǰƶɮӡ֮УǷǳעģͷ飬㻹ǵһΣӦм°ɡ
ûС
Ƚҹӷʸڷϣ˼Ԫ׾
УЬӴˡ
̫æˡ
һֱǳȻȽҹڻֽţææľȥԼЬӣǸոһֻȴͻȻ֣ԼЬӸûд
Ьӣһֻ׾ӨСѾ¶˿У磬ûвֶϰȽҹĽŷǳƯڻԪ濴һֻû覴õĽš
ȽҹʱҲʶ˲ףȻеĵĻŵȴõʵ֤
ƽһ¶ǳѵõȽҹˣæֵס˽Ѿ㲻
Ԫ㶵ضſԺȴϴοȽҹ˫ȣǾ޵ĸоڿСѾȴǺһεļغˡ
ֱȽҹ˵һ䣬Ԫʶ˲òæתͷﻹȽǰҪƶɮƶɮֻ̽һȽǰķӦû뵽ǰȻͻȻƶɮǰЬ
Ƚҹû˵ʲôæЬӴϡ
ЬӣȽҹֶ΢΢ЩԼôˣôô׾ͱƭˣһôķӦ
Ŭƽ˼ºư˰ʵؿڣȽҹָ
Ů˲һĵطǱȽ׽ܺܶණһҲǱν̬ȡ
˿Լ⸱ӣȽҹһὫǸ˻ʬ𼣣ǻԪ棬ʲô˲õ飬һαظ࣬ԼҲûз
ܴȻ֡ɵֶ̽ңɹˣȷʵ¡
ԪʱҲָһ΢Цת˹ƶɮ˵ȽǰһΣԶƶɮ˵˵𣿡
㲻ǺܴԲһʲô£
Ԫգգ۾һ룬һ϶ǲȽǰ۵ģ书ָߣ϶˸вʲôôƯҲἵʱŮˡ
ķҵ飬ֻܼĶˣ£󵽵ֻ¡

һ¿ʼˣȽǰȴֹƶɮ˵ûд
ԪӺȻ۵ʱоļ£ʱͻɿ鿪ʼˣھóһ¡
ȻȽҹ΢΢ص˵ͷⷽԭ򡣡
õȽҹĿ϶ش𣬻ԪɫôͿʼˣƶɮԤĻҪ磬ôӦǰĽʲôĽȽǰ˵Ƕس
Ƚҹû˵ǱѾ˻Ԫ𰸡
ȽǰˡƶɮֱԣȻܺãƶɮ㲢ֵ²˵ˣ˵Ҳν飬㵣ĵģǿ㲻ϣ˰ɣ
˵𣿡
ûȽǰƺϲ˰ɡ
Ƚҹ̾Ϣһ˵òȫԣǶһ֣ȷʵʼˣֻҪһʱ䣬Ҳ֮ʲôӰ죬ڿҴˡ
ԪûнӻǾȽҹ˵
ҲϲҲ˵ᣬҲͳˣ˵һģֻǡҴǰؿ
Ƚǰؿʲôأ
Ҳ˵һΰĽǱʹ춯ǼӿĲ֮Ҿ뿪һ·ǰֵ·ϣҾ͸о˲ͬǰＸûκһζ˶صζɽˮ񡢻æµǣӦ֮䲻ȱٵһ֣һҵС
ȽҹţԪҲĬĬظı仯ȽҹȻǲһˡ
Щæջǣˮţǹ֦ͷĹʵǽֵתǵһҰױȵ֮ޣ۵Ϊʲôǰûзأ
Ƚҹ˵˵ŵͷô񹦾ͺܿҪˣǸʱ򣬺ܶ˶ܾ޴ĥѣһеģң
ͻȻ̧ͷȽҹŻԪ棺Ԫ棬ͻȻҲôֹһеķܰҶ𣿡


664 ͽܶסʦ
ԪĿ䵽Ƚҹϣ˫ü֮ǿú룬Ƚҹ޷ܾ鲻Խĵͷҿ԰㣬ֻƶɮ֪Ӧ
˵򵥣ǳѡ
ȽҹаָʶƵ˳ϣ˼ʱϰԶ˵ģҺͰĽļƻǷŶ֮ԿڵļλϣֻҪܾˣôĽ˿ɳ֮в˵ڶصķ
Ƚҹ˵ԪͻȻ죺ǰĶûôȥӿ춡ĽأϾҲδػԸһȥڳƴɡ
һ⣬ڵİĽ㣬Ѿǰһˡ
˻
ϴΰĽΪҵ˶ҩķ÷û뵽һ⣡
ȽҹĻûԪһѵǸǲԵ
ԪʣȽҹҡҡͷǸȷģͬҲģֻ˵̫ƻˣ
ԪӿԤУô£
Ľҩ֮󣬵ʱħȷʵõѹƺͻ⣬Ƕͼˣ֪һԤָ飬Ὣҩȡһ㣬ҩǶģһֲУһҲУһʼҳȷķҩʽȻãǾȰĽΨһᣬԴǿʼʱûˣ
Ԫ浹һϼһĻ
ûиĽᣬֻҪȷ˳ȥĽ͵þˣǶѰĶ͸ˣһжԤ֮ڣֻҪ飬ҩ֮˾Ѿûˡ
ƫƫֹ˲˾˼飬ΪҵȷķʵȴȦס
Ƚǰô֪۵ģ
Ƚҹɫ¶һ˿߿ͼ̫ƻˣЩҩﶼϺ󣬺ûЩҩԣȻһв㣬˵ҩķ÷ʽԣһж˵á
滹мв㣿ԪŵؿȽҹȻûз֡
ǸӺܹ죬ΪǼҩǲܳģȻҩԾͻӷһ֪ģǴûúӺҩ룬ӣҩϸоǼ仰˭ҩͺӳڷأһҩ뿪Ӵﵽҹ֮Ǹûҩ֮ļвͻԶǾôֵģҿҿ˿ȻֻԶڹˡ
Ԫεصͷȷʵû˻뵽滹ֽţҲû˻⽫ҩóŵһߣµǼ仰ʵΪúһֱҩһһҩﱻ֮ǰû˻ֺᷢˡ
ǰǰˣ
ʱħܵѹƣѾҪɢˣǵʱ̣ΪҩԲһˣħԾ֮󷴶׳ڵİĽʱʱͻħԷѾҪɶĿˣ
Ƚҹ˵ŻСֽ˻ԪǱ裬ؽЩףһǼ亱ģɼŭҲ۵һĳ̶ȡ
ҡаĽСʱʶˣ˵ϤļˣһٶȥˣҼʹϲǣҲϧǣû뵽˵ĺģôãƻ˰Ľ㣬ġ̫ˣ
˵ĽѾɶħˣ
ûҲΪˣĽŻӿḶ̌ⶼܵ˶ʶģζ֮ͬʱҪ԰Ľ㣬ΪʱѾȫڶˡ
ԪҲǸоһͷۣһѾ˲ˣ»̵һȺԲ־Ľټһ˵ķƻĻɹ
һߵȽҹԪѹͬʱҲоһ˿οҺȽҹǺվһߣȻһսûʲôñҪˡ
ԪغһҺȽǰûкۣͬȻƶɮĿ»Ϊˡ
ȽҹָĶһ˿ͣ٣ҡҲûôֵ;УҲΪҲ˵֮ҲϲƻһС
ȽҹĻɫԪоЩȶ
ھҪԪһķԪ滹벻ֻǶȽҹȽǰҿȣƶɮһľɣЧ
Ƚҹã̧۾ЩŻԪĻ
ƶɮ
Ԫվ߽Լڣľͷҵ档
Ƚҹԥһ£ҲŻԪվߵҡ
֮󣬻ԪصԼϵ֮ϣȻԱľ㡣
Ƚҹ¿˿ڵһЩֻ˻ԪĴߣһڴһߣĿԡ
Ԫ˷ɵ״̬ȽҹľҲûʲôѹˣ΢ЦŵƶɮĴ
ƺȽҹҧԪ漱æĿڣƶɮһҪʩڿʼƶɮǰ
ȽҹͷȻһƺνǰǰ̵ҲЩŤ
ȽƶɮľǲϺ죬ܻĵķŷңڿʼţȻ֮Ч
ȽҹҲϻԪ棬ͦñֱʵظԽͻһŽʥ࣬ȴԪľ㡣
ȽҹһƯԱģԪȻһֱ̬ĳɾ͸С
ľ㣬Ԫ
ľѾкܳһʱûˣֵ׳һԪһѾԽԽˣϾ˶࣬ͽҲ࣬Ҫһһļֻ»ԪֳʮҲá
ϵͳľȷʵһȽҹ͸о˲һ
ȻǸ¯ҲЧȽҹּһˣǸ¯ûʲôЧˡ
ľ㲻һȻЩ궯ܿƽ
һȽϰˣйĹͱ飬ϲˣǰĻԪһ㣬ҲȽҹ⡣
Ŀ֮һ˿ϲȽҹر˴۾Ľë£ͳƽĸоȥˡ
Ԫ濴Ҳǻر۾ûľ㣬糿ĺڶ˵ͷصղŻеһ˿Ҳɵ˾ȥˡ
ʱָ֮ߣҲ֪˶ãԪĶѾֹͣ
Ƕȴû۾Ȼôڴţѵõİ
һŲͻȻͬʱ۾
Լͬأ˼ͬʱʹ⿴һۡ
Ƚҹɫʱһ䣺໨ôˣ
Ԫ֪Ҳʲô͡
ȽҹȻЩżˣ໨ô죿УҪ̳ȥ
ʱѾˣ໨ô̶˲ȻѾãȥˡ
֮£ȽҹҲǻŲ·ˣһ˻Ԫ洲ͷĻʣԼ˶㵽˻ԪĴȥ
ԪҪֹҲˣĵҪ¶໨ѾſڣֻװһɵЦ˴ߣſŶ໨


665 Ҫ,Σ!
໨һʱģĹͲ֮£һ̴ֺսһ໨һɱ̵磬оԼҪЩͻƵĸо
໨ͻƣǽΪ¼ֲĸ֮һķɵﵽһʲô
ʹ̶ϵϬһָ໨Ҳĺһսˡ
ȴǲһ㲻ͻƣǹ⣬Ľ⡣
ĽԴڶ硣
֮ĶԹŶ磬ͬҲ໨ϣܺʦԹںãʦƫƫԭ£һı
໨˼ȥİ취ҪڻԪϡ
Ӻܾǿ˵ϻһ˵磬ǾԲԼҲʦȽҹǻԪ档
ͷԣܾҲϣ໨ѰһԪ棬ΪǷǳʱڣѾȷĺͻԪվһ׼Կ̵ˣ໨ΪҪս֮һȻҲҪԪ棬һǰˡ
·ϲܺͶദûսڧˣǿɾЩɷ羰ˣ໨ǵıȽȫһԪһ¡
໨ܻͶ֮Ľᣬֻ¹ͻƣΪ֡
۴һ潲໨йıҪ
ʱԪһֱ໨Ҳûᣬղ֪ôģЩˣ˷ԺѰһԪ档
Ժ໨΢΢ЩɻΪڿиоһɵţһЩϤ
Ųӿ˻Ԫ֮ڣŴͷĻʣոӡ
Ԫ棬û𣿴δô
ԪЦһ£ż͵Ľ
˳ںһ䣬Ԫʵ໨ôأ
˵ŻԪվͷĻʿزһ֡
Ԫúܵʱ⽫ĻʵţõЧ໨Ļɣ󷽷ֻǲȫһ໨עʲôܵסȽҹ
νЩ飬ҲҪðղС
Ļ֮󣬻Ԫ濴Ƚҹڴվţɫ԰׵ؿԼĿ֮ȫǵǡ
书ɵȽŮ⸱ӣԪҲ̿Ҳǻֽţǵʱ㵽󷽷໨ʹҲʲôģһ¶ˡ
䱾£ӹ֮Ƚҹ㵭ŵ˶漰Ҳ˷磬Ϊӹˡ
ԪεҡͷȽҹʾһĵȻĶ໨໨ȥ˵ɡ
໨˵ͷǸոʲôһͣԻԪԪ棬Կҽʱ򣬿һͽùǻǲҪȥˡ
໨ôһ˵Ԫ淴ЩҪȥˣˡ
֮Ҳûӣܲվ˵
Ԫɴһƨ˴ϣȽҹվԼ߱ĻʵţֻѾǸоôվ̫ˡ
Ԫߵλã໨ҪҵĴġ
ȽҹղԪ˵Ҫ໨ȥﰲһЩû뵽ֲȥˣŵʱ򣬻ԪҪ໨
Ļ໨һÿԼĴ
һ뵽Ǹ棬Ƚҹ϶һѪɫˣŵĸϽС֣ݺݵ˻ԪһѣҲ˲ǲǺˡ
Ԫ治ɫؿ໨Ц΢΢Щ
໨Ҳһ£ҲŲҪȥȥһӺˡ
˵ԺЩ˼ĳȥˡ
ȽҹʱųسһȻǻԪ¾Ȼİ취ô˵ûжԸ໨ͻˣԼһ
ôһ˵໨˼ˡ
ϸ¹ϣйȻ
ڸղ˻ԪһѣȽҹҲЩⲻȥԼ鷳ЩΡ
໨һСӽˣһֱᵽ˻Ԫ洲ߵλá
ԪҲɫ΢䣬Ψ໨ߵһߵĻʾڵסȽҹˡ
໨ֻ˴ߣ˻Ԫ渽ǲûмǰ
ΪԪǲ˵
һԪڴƫһλãԱ߾ڵߵĻʣȽҹͲĻʺ档
໨ͻԪԣĻʵһߡ
һɫĻʣ书߾ò׵ʦͽ
ֳǱȺֶսҪնҴ̼ԪĴ඼̲סֱȻûʲô¶һֻĻʺȴ̲ס΢زš
ȽҹĹ֮Ȼǲ˵ãֻҪۿĻʼûܲĴڡ
ȫϢûк඼ˡ
ǹʱҲŲˣͺǿĴĻ֮󣬲¶һ˿
ΨһԪܹоڵģĿԼϣΨԼʲô״໨
ȽҹĶأ໨һʱҲûʲôоֻСɵı΢΢鶯˼£Ԫ棬㣬һŮζ
ԪЦһ£ȻΪ໨˵ԭɡ
໨мƲƲСŲңҽʱ͸оˣŮ
໨˵ЦˣԺ֮ںʶļ˲㶼ܿ𣬳ǣ˭
໨˵ͷҲǣúÿ춼ܿ춼ԺأҪҶԶʦúϤ滳ɽ̲סء
ĪҪˣҪá
ҲŲĲصŮˣʹڴϲһҰŮˣҲ˵ʲôģһȥǣʱô졣
˵ʲôҰŮҵĴϡ
ǿɲһǺжǵôŮģǺУֻ»֪Ҫǳʲô˵вҪŮ㴲ꡣ
ֻڣ໨˵Ҳûʲô̫Ĺ˼ɣҲ˵Цģʲô˵ġ
ԪļΪûеΪ۽ǵ⿴ȽҹȻ˫棬ȻǱ໨˵ѿˡ
ȽҹⱲӴûôιȻͽܶһеĴﲻҳһΪҪŮˡ
Ԫ֪ԣعˣֻպȽҹˣԽβܴ
໨ԹԵ˵˼䣬ת˻⡣
Ԫ棬ʲôʱȥ𣿡
ʱûжǰõõĴţ˵ǵһǰѵĽʿԺ͵ҪЩʿɹ֮ٿɡ
໨ͷѯ˼ġ
ԪߺͶӦǱ߻ڹעȽҹ
Ƚҹ˫Ѿˣɫܲã涼û˽࣬Ϊѹӡ
ԪͻȻһָоҲ໨ȥʱ򣬾ȽҹҲȥʱ򣬶ҿԺ󶼲ˡ
һεľȽҹǺεģʹȻҲµġ
֪ΪʲôԪ澹ȻҲܵӣҲǲߺ໨˵Ǳ߾Ȼʹ֣סȽҹǺˮС֡
Ƚҹһ£Ŀ֮¶˲˼ɫضŻԪĲ


666 ĻǰĻ
ȽҹҲû뵽ԪȻ˵Ĵ󵨣Ȼ͸һĻסԼ֣໨ǰš
ִ̼ȽҹЩܣһᵭŵǵһαסС֣Դһᱡζо˾޴С
ǡҶ
໨ĹȻԼҲǼĸˣһϸ΢Ķᱻοľ¡
Ԫ滹ں໨̸ţȽҹıѾҧź촽ǺˮֻţͺһŻΧˡ
ѾȫתΪϢȽҹЩͷĿѣĸоⲻǹԻģǾֱӵĳ
ֻ˹ȽҹãȻ֪ڲ
ָָ˹ȥֻֿһ
ˮ󻬼ãȽҹҪֿҲģɵľͱóˡ
ţҪһ
Ŀһ˿ӨȽҹȥֻǰСеһЩģԼܿˡ
ǲɷϵǣղŵĨᣬ˿ѹȴСֱסˡ
ٿպ໨ٿǵ໨뿪̵֮ͷߣһĶڽβ໨ϡ
Ǵ͸ȶȣһ˿˿ů͸Ĵڡ
ȽҹĲûԪЩ⣬ʼðʧȥץֻһЩڣȴ˵ʲôҲɿˡ
һϸ΢С໨ûз֣ԻԪԪ棬ϣһ죬һȥʦã֪ʦúңǷǳʱڣһҪԴΪأҵҪ󣬾ڽ̵ĺ֮Ǻƾʦ÷䣬ܰæ𣿡
Ԫ˵СգЩĲɣ漰شǴĽ᲻⿪վһ⣬һһһȥģһе飬ȶԺ˵
˵Ժ󣬻Ԫ໨ܸܲңǵ굽׷ʲô飿
໨ЩɬЦһ£˵ҵĴˣǸʱҵļرǿʦõõʦĳ谮Բ˱顣
໨û˵̫ףǻԪѾˡ
ɶ໨Ľˡ
ѹֶ໨ǣһ˶Ȼ˶ļˣ˭Ҳܲ˵ġ
ȻԪ滹һʣ໨ҪʦаĽأûʲôôɡ
ĻʳͻȻоԼֽһ¡
Ԫһ㶣ʶȻȽҹڻԼ֣
ȻԪ治ô򵥵ľΪȽҹϲԼˣ϶Ҳ໨ԼԵ飬һҲԪʣȽҹȻΪԪΪԼԵʲѯ໨ġ
ĹСȽҹԼĽ
໨ûʶʲôЩѹôˣҲһȥһ£Щ²Ƕ˭˵ãǶԻԪ˵Ȼûʲôˡ
໨Щ˼ص˵ˣɲ
໨޷鶼ȥôˣƶɮСǼˣ໨ףҡ
ԪĻ˵ͣˣ໨ҲһϼȻ뵽˻ԪԼҩ֮ʱ̡
ǸʱҾʦӵϲʦãҾʣǺޣʦãҲЩʦ
໨˵ŻȽҹҲս˻Ԫ֣ȻҲǺ¡
ʦãͬʱҲϣʦùʱʦһֱаĽ飬ҾðĽ㱳ʦһͿľ
Ԫһ˿Ĳ²⣬ǻȷ
ѪӰ񹦴Ľ֮󣬰ĽõѪħһȥɽѩȣѰһѪħĴУҲȥˡ
ԪĿע໨뷨Щȷˡ
໨һβ˳ûмĽ㣬Ǳѩڵѩһ档
ԪڿˣЩ໨㡭椣
ҵС
ѹ֣ѹѽ
Ԫһӣ໨ڿЦºȥǸѩ֣ȻΪƾʲôôãνԵְɣ˭뵽ǸССѩء
԰Ľ㡭
໨ΪƻȽҹҸȥҰĽ㣬»Ԫ滹Щ黳ģҪʸ
Щʼûлȥ԰Ľ˵ǸʱѾ̬ʧ⣬֪ԼҪʲôּ˰Ľ㣬ӣЩ㶼֪ˡ
ǰĽ֪㡭
Ӧǲ֪ɣѾҪˣҺ֪޴е춯ȥıǶй켣֮רŸԶϴĵĻλΪľƻļƻҲ֪ôˣǴĲǺù
ԪЩ֪ν໨ĻǸʱ໨Ӧһֲ̬ˣ⼵޶磬ȽҹĽ㣬ֺ޵ԴǺ˳ģѧܸһش𰸣ⲢǻԪóġ
໨˵̾һֱ㣬ڽԼҪʲôҲʶǰһϵд£Ԫ棬ֻ̫࣬ϣԼıԼµĴϣгһգʦúʦԭҡ
Ԫ̾Ϣһ΢΢ĺһ£۽ɨһȽҹ
ֻȽҹĿתؿԼԼ֣Ԫ˼
໨㲻̫ˣϾ鲢ûɴøԲʦǵļƻҲûбƻҪƻˣֻ˶ҪлءҲ̫ģʦǲġ
໨Щŵصô֪ʦң
Ԫ΢Цһ£ҼʦǸˣȻ첻ЦеŰ壬Ҿȵˣųûеİ֮ģԲ񾭲ұ֤񾭲
ԪŹֵı֤໨Цһɢȥ˲١
ǵģô˵ģ㼪ˣʦܲҾͺˡ
໨ĿĴﵽˣԪӦͬȥ磬˵ʦҲࡣ
Щ˷ܵ˫ȥԪ֡
ԪһæȽҹСｫֳ˳ס໨
Ԫ棬ҡ
໨Ļûгڣͷ˻ԪǺˮ
С£໨Ŀ벻ôĶأ
澭һĴ󺹣㲻֪𣿡
𣿡
໨û˵ĿڻԪɨ飬Ļ滺ɨ
ԪĸţҴ
Ļ֮ȽҹҲᵽɤۣɫ԰ףȿ־֮£СץŻԪ·һˮץһݡ


667 ܶԱ
ڴʱţԪ໨Ŀԣ˫ǣȽҹĻĳŻԪ·书ʱû֮ء
ڻԪ浣ǵĿ֮У໨֣ǸĻʡ
ԪһҲҶ۾ҪˣĻʱʲôһֱǲ
ָĻʵıͣһ£໨Ǵһ˿Ц⡣
Ԫ棬񶼿쵽ʮˣô˵ȣĹ̫˰ɣͷĺ
˵Ժ໨Сز˲ԪĶͷȻʪǺˮ
ԪﳤһЩεصţҲпȵʱȷʵȲ䡣
Ȼƽʱעһ£Ҫ̫Ƶˣż͵͵ҿҲͦõġ
໨СӰ˼䣬ȻͺͻԪǡ
Ԫͺ֪ǵĹϵֱȽʵģƽʱһʱҲûʲôܵĶ໨Ҳ⣬ûеŮֺȵĵز
໨Ӱ߳˷Ժ֮󣬻Ԫоˮʪˣصغһ£Ȼֱɵ˴ϡ
ȽҹҲؿڴͷϣĶͷҲֳһϸܵĺˮ
ղˡ
ȽҹŻԪһ䡣
Ƚҹ԰ףԪסС֣õˣⲻû𡣡
Ƚҹ΢΢ͷûб¶Ȼ治֪Ժôȥ໨ˡ
˵ԺȽҹ̧һֲֻ˲ͷĺˮһͻȻʶԪסԼ֡
ŵĽֳ˻ȽҹЩǱشӻԪĴ
ԪʱҲʶԼʲô飬ЩڣȽҹȽǰȽƶɮЩʧˡ
Ƚҹվ˴ߣûлͷ޷ʱҲ³
ڵЩΣԪ⣺ʿǻᾡмѵƶɮЩģ̸ڶ࣬Ҵ̵ּܾĽаĽЭ־֮ˣԲкüĿǰʵȥ̣»в
˵£ȽҹҲȥˣת˸ղ໨λϣ˵ҲǣĽʵǿҶԸҲף̵ĴϹҲǲȻҪģĻֻûܶԸˡ
ȽҹҲ˵Ԫ治Щʵãȥ̣ⲻǷȥ
Լһ˲٣ʵõóֵģԼ֮⣬оʮͭһ޺
໨ͶŮҲҪսϧ֮໥ìܻûܽ
֮⣬ҲǰҽܷһЩˡ
Ҳ֪⽭ܸԼʲôϲǲܶЩ˱̫ϣ
ȽҹԪüͷ𣬾ȻοҲ̫ģ̵ʱһڰаǵġ
Ƚҹ˵ԪʱϲȽҹôֲһˣǶս
лȽһͺðˣ
ϲ֮£ԪٴץסȽҹ˫֡
Ƚҹƶһ£û̳΢΢ͷʵȥ̽һ³ϵڣȻʹȫֻҲûʲôʤ㣬ֻڵ˼ϣ
ڣǿ𣿡
԰ɣҪڵĴʱߣ궡ǰģЩȥǵĹһҲٴλܶҲ˵ء
Ƚҹ˵Żؽس˳顣
ԪﰵԹԼôϲץ˼ҵء
ſȽҹ֮󣬻Ԫ˵ͷҾͳһ£໨йϵڵɣǺҵĹϵǳֻҪǲϵǶֵܷĳػǽ߳Ϻġ
ǾͺãȻҾ͡ҾҪˣǽ̵ʱȻҪҵʱ֡
㲻һȥ𣿡
Ƚҹҡͷˣ໨һǡ
ԪȽҹΪʲô໨Ϊղŵ飬໨δؾһܿ໨û˵ưˡ
ΪʲôȽҹأļͽ֮УӦþͺͶĹϵѽ
ȻȽҹ˵ԪҲʡ
˵ЩȽҹվҪ뿪Ժ
ͻԪǵʱͻȻóһңͷϣĿ֣ˣ㿴ڣѾָ
Ƚҹһ£ǱԼŪĶңû뵽Ȼ޲ˡ
ؿ˻ԪһȽҹϴһ˿Ц⣬ʤѩЦ绨лл㣬ҽ졭ܿ֡
ȽҹıӰʧ֮УԪԼ֮ϣһɡ
ãȻɲδԼƺѾץסڽѵһɣһգһƿϲĻ

̵˲ɵϣԴӻԪ浱֮ܶԱҪԸǣȻ᲻֪
ڲʱʲô£еԲ϶̳
ԭģһЩͨĵӣûҲûǸƵͼֻ̾ڻɽ֮Ͼصš
ǵľٶҲϻԪ⣬ǲҲΪԭһʵ̷ܹ
ԪҲܲ³̵ڸʲôѾʼˣֻǻûɣ̵˴ǻȥ׼ʱӭӶˡ
ǿϵôڣֻҪһеⶼ⡣
еѣеڶĸ֮´ݿıݻ٣еĵֿ֮أ
¶ʮ壬ټĵһʿѾ֡
һʮˣЩ˵书ǲҲڵĳ̶ȣԪ氲ǸֵһѵֵϰÿҲʼǿš
Ʒɺĸ׻ƻҲֵĻۻʱҲ˳ɼһܸߵĵҩҲƺˡ
ȱֵ֤ӵҪ⣬һЩƷɿڱõʿҲõ˵ҩӦ
ԪѾ󷢶̵ܹ֮ǰеֵʵһĽ˭ʱȡóɼôʹӴ˰ɮݣֱӺɮһȥ洫ˡ
޺áááĦáԺÿÿΪԶԱ״̬
о½ȡĳԺÿҲԪ潨
Լİ˴ӣһЩҪһֱļˣԺΪս׼
Ԫ汾˸Ǽ߲ݵĿʼƻɾ³齱֮󣬾ͺ໨ǰڣȡѣûڵĲμӣһεļƻǿ¥ǲʵġ
ҪϢѾ˽˶֪һսڽµ壬ַһ䣬ѾΪеľ
ʱһƬæµ֮жȹ˾¶ʮա


668 ³ȡɽ֮
齱ⶫڻԪ˵ѾسΪݳƷ
Ϊʱƣ¿ʼĩǽȥˡ
г齱϶߰˾Ҳȥˣ֮ʮֻһγ齱ʮһһΣʮ»һΡ
ٵ齱߷ڣֻС괺ԪǸʱˡ
һεľ³齱Ԫ֮ǰԪֻĴεĳ齱ˡ
˵㣬Ҳֻаˡ
ÿһγ齱ֵϧģ״ģµ鲻ܹٴη
µĵһγ齱ʼˡ
Ԫһ½Ʒ˼ɹѡģֱǳѧţħʹĦϢ
رļ裬Ԫһ£Ȼѡȥ󽱡
ĳ齱УԪͨʱ̲ܳȡһЩöǽĽһ̬׵ɶһΣһԾֱߵ˴档
ϵͳһ壬ƷҲһĵˡ
ȵһƷ߲㣡
Ԫķⷨ඼ȡˣΨһľˣ߲뾶ܴﵽһٹĳڵ֣ԪҲܸˡ
˶Ĳ֮󣬵ڶֳˡ
һεõĶһģһĦȵ
Ԫȡѧ棬͹Ƕ̰壬ڹ⹦ȭŹǿĦȹȻǲϧ˻Ԫ鰵Ͷˣʱûʲô֮ء
Ԫ滹Ƿ˶Ĳȴ֡
Ҳ㲻ȡ˳ѧ
ѧ֣Ԫһöмѧöѧˣÿٻһöһѧĵ
֣Ԫؿʼ˵ڶεĳ齱
ڶεĽƷһ֣Ԫʱǰһ
мѧɽ֣澭ľЩƽջһϲĶȻһԵسˣ
ۻҵؿ˰죬ԪЩ岻ˡ
ɽȻõģмѧֵĸʱȽϵͣܵõĻһųѧֳɾͳѧˡ
Ȼȡ󽱻ȷѡ񣬵ǻԪոջһδ󽱣ΪԼôõٴλô󽱡
ϸоһϵͳת̣Ԫ淢һĸ߶
ƹһֱףĿӵĻԪ滹൱յġ
һƬ߶һӣĸڵĽƷԪ涼Խܡ
ĸӷֱؽ˫ͭ󶦺;澭ľ
Ŀ궨˫ĻôƷԼмĿܻ֮һ
ͭ󶦲̫õĽ⣬ʣǲġ
ؽӦһӡ֮΢ЩˣǸ߶˽ƷԪҲܽܡ
Կһ£ԪϵľĿȷΪ˫ʵĲȡö
ȷԺ̿ʼҡ
תһȦڻԪע£һͷ档
Ԫ΢΢һ֣ľ˫ûеõ
Ҳûγ齱й󽱵ʱѾǷǳõĽˡ
Ƿ˶ĲɲܶģΪպȥˣȴܴߣҪغɽġ
µĳ齱ôˣԪȡȫĽƷ
ĦѧҲպãĵֱ߲ӽ˻ԪԺΪһܡ
Ԫһ߲ЧԲİ֮ڣԼ˭˵ԣȻǰԼ֪˭
Ԫһ˵ˣȻȽҹ̽ųȽҹ
ֻҪȽҹڷԲİ֮ڣһԼ˵ġ
ǻԪ沢ûͬţ뺣ûϵϵĸоȽҹѾ뿪ˣǻȥ
ûϵȽҹԪҲûмϵˣֻҪȷ϶þͺˡ
֮󣬻Ԫѽ뿪˷Ժǰɽ
Դ޲°ɽ֮󣬺ɽ֮ѾûʲôˣƽֵæûʱȥɽԺɽЩˣ׳Ϊ˴ʥȶá
Ԫһ·Ǽϵͳľ޴֮ǰǸֱ׵ľ޴䳲һսʧĴԶȫڷ䳲Χɽɳ
䲻ۣԪҲ֪æʲôǵԪ˹̷֮ӵŽԪΧס˵ĳ˵ԴҪըˡ
Ԫ浱ȻᷴЩ䣬ЩԼıǶԼΪҳϵĻ飬Ԫν
ֵסƾЩԼܣԪʩչṦһԾ˺ͷ䳲ҵ֦档
ѽ˳ԪЦСһǣһθǳԵ㲹ҩպֵڲΣȫˣ
˵Ժ󣬻Ԫ潫ֱ档
һֻģֻƽʱսǻţֻҪţЩս͵ͻԴԴϵس䳲֮ڣΪηսʿ
һ䳲޴ķ̾ͽˡ
Ƿ䳲ĺģǷ䳲ĸ˽֮䳲̷췭ظı仯
Ƿ䳲ʼþ޴ˣ
䳲ضʮףֱ׵ڸ߿֮УһεĽ÷䳲ֱף
ͺһסķһһĴ߷
䳲仯ͬʱˣȺӵķ˷䳲֮С
ص䳲֮󣬻Ԫƾϵ͸Ӧ̸о˷䳲ڲ
Ǹʼ仯ˡ
ԭֱԼǶʮ֣εı仯ֱһӵ˰ףһСһ̾ڷ䳲ģ
Щսʿǣڷȱ仯֮Ҳûţһ̥ǵرӡ
ķ¶ţ˸ĵĺ⣬ԭȭͷСһȻ˽ӽϰĴС
ĵķ̽Ȼжʮ๫ֳ
һƤ䣬ԪﶼЩҵ죬⻹
ֱӥǶӥϴźģ
Ԫһָֻ̡䡱һӷ䳲ڳ˳գЩΪ̫ܼ̫޴󣬾ȻֱײΧϣ顱ײЩĴЩҡΣһƬƬĻҶˢˢ
ЩֲķвӣԪĽţֻϻй䳢ȥһ£иʮֻ䣬Ըɵɽ֮ˡ
Ͼǳˣ޹ɱԪ滹ѹͷ
ֹЩ׽Լһֻ߰˽صǵصѹֻ»ԪͿסñѹȡ
ôһ䣬ܲܶԿԪ治֪һԲֻ¶ѡ
պİΣбˣ
Ԫ˷ܣһԼܰ뿪ˣһѵ䣬պɽ֮


669 ֮
֮󣬻Ԫİȫֶһ֡
֮죬ͯӹڶĲѾСģаҵԼĵһϵͳˡ
ԪǴһͯӹɵģýҲ׵ĸܽŮɫĹء
ȻԪ滹ûдڳԵĳһգǳ챻ͯӹţζҲǲܡ
Ǿʮ³һһ죬ļµĸоٴγˡ
ȻֻǶ̶̵ʱ䣬ǻԪȴˣһɵףҲһΣΣɵʱ̣ʱѾˡ
̵ʱϵڣǴӦԭ̵ַĴôʹԼͯӹ˿Ҳ޲ˡ
ĸʱߣĸ֣պԿҪԪ˻׵ģ֮Ѿ̲ݻ
оٴ쳣󣬻Ԫҵ໨˵Ҫһǰڵ¡
໨ڰĽŪ춯֪ıȻԪ滹࣬ȻԪż˵̴֮Ӧ
һֵѻʱԺϿѲӣԺߵİȫ󣬻Ԫ໨̶۵뿪£ֱԶʢƴϷѩԭȥ

㣬һ̻Ի͵ķȻʵӵķ仹Ҫݻ
ɣؾصվ·Щ̧ͷȥһ۵
Ȼ̬飬üĿ֮͸¶һǻۣǾô򵥵һȻһ˲ƣǸ߸ϵڸӲ
ֻԼʮĺɣˣ˶˵շǳѹ֡
ã̾ϢһɣҺʧ
ӡεȷʵЩ⣬Ѿˣֻһ䷽书ʥѾ˳ÿƵӱķӣʵڲĶְ
һ˵˵ڣڲ⴫֮طţ·ôܻ᣿
˵仰ûɣش𣬺ʲôԣȷʵ˵ַɻַȥ£˵ֵҲձϰֻӦòߣַҲ߲ʵѽ
ɣæӿڣԵģһ֮Ҳ£˼س˵ɽҲַɣ˵ַɵʱѾﵽʮĶ㣡
ɫһ䣺˼˵ʲôʱ飿
Լǰɣ
ǰַʱǰ̶һʱ䣬ͽӵ߲ʮ㡭⡭ֱ˼飡ģ
ɣʱЩίصҾ˵һʱ佫ӵ߲ϰʮ㣬ʱ䣬ʮ˳ԵΪͲĶ֣ҲǺ顣
ʱȴû˼Թɣˣ˼ɣ˵ʵԡ
ɣԼСųģ츳ߣڵȫĴʱߵϤĽ̵ɣѾɳΪĸ֣ļƻȡ̽ȡ򵥵ˡ
ɣȻˣ˱Ҫ·ɣ
֮ŵĴڣҲֵһǧ겻ţҲ̫̬˰ɣ
ҲܽˣСС߲Ҳܽˣһ֮ڽ߲ʮҲܽˡ
ǾȻܴǧɣȻ˳ֱ췽ҹ̷
ţģôϰѧᣬ˵̫Ϊشˡ
ڵĲѧԼߵĲʮ㣬һ˳ӦѾǳѧˣôҲǺ˵ġ
֪һţ֪ĻΪȫǷͰأ
Լ书оǧ껹ӣ˼Ҽͻƣⲻ˵ԼЩ˷Ͱ
˼ɿתһϻ̳ϿֵɣҲˣ˵һ㣬ַɵ书ÿѧҲϡ棬ֻܱ֤˵ʵ𣿡
ģɣģаԣ׹ޱߵ
ɣĵı֤ΨԼĻ
ɣı֤˵ͷмˡ
һ£ɫЩأҿ˵ַԺ󣬻Ӧֵˣ磬ѵ㲻֪Ҫ𣿡
ɣæ³ġ
Լǰԭȥɽƽһ˵˳˵˱һֻӾ˶ע飬֮˵Ϻһٴδģ䣬ɣҲûƤˣˣֻԸķˡ
̵ɣҪʵҪԵԼģɣˣԲܷڣһ䷽Ʒ书ɣһ磬Ȼ˲Ըһ磬ɣеҲ
ЩؿɣʲôãƢеˣֱ̫Ȼȥƺиɻϸһ룬ܾܿһɣµȦףɵСӱ˻ڰ˼Ǯء
Ȼﲻܺɣ˵Ȳ˵ǲǻܣ˵Ƕɣĵһ
һɣĿıҪŪˣȻﲻ
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·һ䣬ԭ仨̵Ľ໨Ѿ˲⣬Ҫ
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670 ħþ
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໨ȴûʲô̫ȵģԻԪ浽Ԫ棬̽ǵ˾ڵʱߣ֮ļϹ߾޵С
໨⼸˵ʵҵ󣬷ǹߣһ㶼ЩŹֵƢ⼸ܺǲս𣿡
໨һҪΪ໨֮нģԪϣ໨˵Щʱ߳ɽȻƾԼŬֻδĶ˼ҡ
໨ӦԪҪȻ޷ˣҪ˵жİջ̸ϡ
Ԫ淢ʣ໨΢΢ЩԥӦòôףЩʱߵΨһάʱֵȶ󲻻ᷢ춯һǲȥģܶʱߣһʱֵڲ뿪벽
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ĿʼڽǰĽжǼصģʱʱ߶δǲʱֿʼƫʱҲûŬԶԿ춯ǵеǵõǵֻ֧֣Ѿ޲ˡ
δ춯ŬΪʱѵǲӦΪǵʧְʲô񶡲ƶɮҪЩʱ߻ʲôƴǵĻ
໨ûкͻԪ粵Լˣô˵ôǺˣڻûеԪʹֵĻһǧҪ̸˲źá
໨ĵڵ˲֮õ˻⣬ӽ۵֮󣬻ԪͻָǸǵķ󣬸ղŵĻѾˣǺòͨ˵ַһ໨һͬǰ֮
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ҮԪʩҲ
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һ仹ͬʱҲֵһӣϸ˵Լ˼ҵ£ﻹд
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Ԫ˼ֻû亮֮ɣʹ뿪ķ䡣
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ʱֵλڲĺĵش֮ΧһﶼˣڲҲǽ
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Ⲽڣʱ߿˵֪ģԪҲ֣Щʱֵߡ
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Ԫ治ɫصһþû뵽λʱ߻ȱ£Ƕ˲֪˽
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Ԫ滰䣬ղλߵ֮д


671 ɵּɵ!
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ȻԼҲʹûþǺԣλߵĻþӵһЩԼ໨˽Ԫ沢ûаȥԲ̽
λߵһ䷽ɣǵѾ֪Ҫ˺ֶԵУôǾͱҪǿ㹻ķɣþ֮ڣĸ˵ӰҲߣֻڶѣǷɶڻþ֮ڻĸ֤кǺʵ
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໨ȻԵЩڣãҵķɵûж֮˳ֹһǸᡣ
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һ׵շɽţһµĶɵô򵥵һϣͻɱһڵĸ֣´ûйĹս
ǻԪҲ൱ۣǾ໨ڷһ֮ɫ԰ףȻûе£ȻҲˡ
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廹ڵɵĻԪ濴ƣһ󵨵뷨ͷð˳
໨Ҳܴһ漣


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໨Ŀ䵽˶λϣȻλĸǹǿġ
ԪһˣҪڻþԸأ
໨վ˻Ԫߣصȴţȴ˸䴴һ漣

þ֮ڣߺһλЩܻζˡ
Ƕ˲֪ˣôûйʧ̬ʱ򣬵ǽ챻Ԫƣڻþ֮бܣЩԽܡ
ͺԼĻ鱻ɱһˮӷһ䷽ɣܲϸòϣѾʸǲսˡ
Ȼ߳ˣǾͲüս˰ɣ
ܲͨĻԪŲȥһ׵δ
ҡҡͷԣսҪȥڻþҶˣǽǻҪȥġ
Ԫ΢΢ͷƶɮѾûܹϵˣһֻܿԼλߣɣ
µ񣬻ԪѾû·ڻþ֮У;һذɣ
Ӱ磬˲;һޱ޼ʵþ֮УʼһΪԭʼпᡢҰս


673 Ԯ
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໨ضŻԪı飬пΡ
ԪԺ󣬺λ߶ӣһľһȫκεı鲨
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һϯ˵ЩΪԪļ仰ͷϷ˵ڱһңɾò׾ΪȥǷ֮֮
ƶɮȻ·ɣͬʱҲƶɮڲֻǳͬСɣˣôܻˣҴ书ѧϰѣкѡպƶɮŴڣܲѧᣬǾͲˡ
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˼ǰҪ뿪ʱֵķΧˣ໨Ͳסеɻ󣺡Ԫ棬Ƕ˵սӮ𣿡
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Ը𣿡
ɣҲ֪˵ϻû˭֪ˡ
Ϊδļ̳ˣ󣬴˴¼ͲزˣʦǲȥģֵĵĻʱΪǵĶڹϾڱҲǺҪ𡣡
Ԫ˵˼ĺ׼ɣʦһͬɣȥսģΪɣ񻨷̫
ɣɫ΢죬ȻǱԪ˵ˡ
Ԫ˵һ䣬ɣ͸һ֣ɣͻȻ˻ԪĻ磬㲻Ҫ˵ˣҵʦǸղŴˣҲӦǵĻΪܳǰʲôɸʾ˺ģһ̵ַʱɣ񶨵ʿ䣡
УУһҪǱʦ֪ˣΪƶɮڹƻأ򲻿ɣҺԭֵͬǣʦǣ໨ЩŮǲͿˣͲҪȥˡ
Ԫҡͷְ֣һʮС
ϻԪԽô˵ɣϵɫȴԽԽᶨˣģº޹أɣô˵ҲǶصӺʩεεŮӶһں󷽣ֱΪˣʦҲɣľκ޹أ
ն˵ԺɣŻԪ˰֣磬㾡ȥȵǵĴ󲿶ӳʱɣȻǰûκܹı䣡
˵ɣתȥȥԼķ䡣
ɣȥıӰԪ˫ֺʮӷգɣֵػ£ȱΪʵұ֮ģ֮ʱΪֶɨӭ
ԪĻɣȥıӰɵͦһЩ
໨һֱĬĬԱ߹ۿֱɣԶˣ໨ǲ̲סһ˿Ц⣺Ԫ棬ǵʦĲɣ뿪ģ֪Ϊӻ˶𣿡
໨ɶˣͷβƶɮȰúõ£ֻɣֵΪֱ°ˣƶɮθɣ
úúã޹أҲҪ˵ҸȥҪְƵģҪ֪ղڻþ棬ҿǻɱأ
СŮһ໨Ԫ΢Ц໨ӵʵɰ
ˣҲûбҪˣ뿪˲۵񷵻ԭ

ʱֵڣ߿Цſλߣλʦܣ鷳ˡ
һλҲǰɣɵСӣ˼ҵȦ׻Ϊ˼ҹ䡣
Уһ̫Σգңʱǰȥ˶ΣգǼһϹͷ˲ʲôɣдõδգ
ɣԲȥ
߶ͬһ۵㣬˿϶Ҫߣ󼸸˵Ŀⶼ䵽ߵϡ
߻һȦ⼸λߵ˵úܶԣҲеɣȷʵӦȥ󣬵ӵƢҲ֪ģҸղǸɵĻҲˣû˵ʲôȰɣȥĻɣĹûȥģȥˡ
߶ʱҪаȥȰĻʲôѽ
Ǹַɣôôַʽȥɣ⺢Ҳ̫ʵڣô򵥾ͱ˼óˡ


674 ټ,ͯӡ!
µĴ䳡УָŸɵĺǶеˣɮǵѵ
ʼʱЩ˶Ǳץ׳Ϊˣĸûмְǣ˭ԸⱻһȺͺ¿ȥģǲԸֻǶԭ
ڻԪǰԶǸС˵Сǰ˵һ
ĸĻеǿͷԣЩҲûа취ԹԵ֣ǵ֮Ҳȫĺܡ
ֵһ䷽ֻҪ£ôҪµѵ֮ʱЩʿԲͬһɢɳҪΪһֻ֯мɵĶ顣
ֺҲ׵ع᳹˷ɵͼᶨƵִЩѱģƤģ־Բʰʰ
Щʿ治֣ҲڣֺҲôκֺ˶డ
˵ˣһд򲻹һϣ򲻹ʮһϣʮ򲻹͸Ұ󣬿˭Ҳأ
ںǵǿѹ£ЩͷһһĨƽˣ˶νѵԺǹؾصĴ½ѵˡ
ѵĿʱ䣬ż̧̧ͷ죬Ľ۵ѻ࣬żɽɳͷ䡣
ûͷ䣬ʿֽ֮ȡ֡
˽֮һͬϰСԲģȥͷһⶫһĻǾıͷˡ
˲ıнѵ±ͷͷɴ˵
ЩвӣЩʿһп࣬ЩڣҪѾΪ˳룬治֪ôôܸ㣬ȻЩǳ䵱ʹ֡
ѱ㿿׵飬ѵͷ仹ֱܷңҲֻһˡ

ʱƣһĽʿ֣ǽϿѵʱʵҲڷٵĽš
ȻЩ滹ûԲĵѾ˲٣׼ԲҲ˺ü
ɮĽͬҲǼΪ˵ġ
ȸԪһϲģǴĦõһƴʦ
һΪǰ̣δҲٶԼǣˣɴȥһ˳׺Լңͻ˹ϵӴԺĳΪһС
֮һƾȻһͻƽ׼ԲΪԲ
һƵͻûԪдϲսֻ֣ԲĲУһƵͻƸܴģʵǿһ֣ͶһֳɹĿܡ
һͻ֮ʽΪ˳ѧȥչع̾ˣʱǲġ
һ֮󣬾ǻԪļӸڶϲ
Ϊʮ³齱ʱ򣬻Ԫȡһöмѧһ߼ѧǽշħȦ
мѧ֮󣬻Ԫöмѧöѧٵõһöٴνһѧˡ
շħȦԪԼİ˴ӡ
˴ϵͳ϶İ˲ڣ˴ҲӦһ޺ôãҲ൱ĬԻԪǳһշħȦ
û뵽˴Ҳһ֮»
԰˴պĴ󲿷ʱ䣬շħȦȡγս
Ͼһ޺ܾˣѾϤĲϤˡ
շħȦ֮󣬻Եɺ֮£˸˾ȻͬʱΪշħȦ򣬷׷׽׼Բľ硣
ϲȫһͻƵԲС˸׼ԲɵĽշħȦԪѾܺһֿˣжӵķ㡣
ˣ˸׼Բȵһ޺סǿҲֵһơ
޴ľϲ֮⣬Сϲǲϡ
һֵһ˺ϣǺͰ˲ͬʱĽ׼ԲҽԲϣҲܴ
һôõҲǳɹص˺ڶ壬ֻʵ֮Ѿˡ
ʮͭڵҩĹӦȫڣлһҲӽڶżˡ
۽޵Ҳںڵص·˺Զţﵽڶ壬ʱҪˡ
ǽ٣Ѿﵽ˵ʮ㣬սǿ
ԺǱߣЩҲڷȻδ˶лɱУĴΧ֮£ҲǸȣϾŮӼǸҪƤģ˭ҲԸΪۡ
޲½׼ԲǱȽģҲǽġ
ĽҲΪڣʵڽҲ㲻ģǻԪûǹǶҲҪսȫûϡ
лС˵ҲǽСﵽڡ
ǰҽö˵ĽСѾﵽ׼ԲĶͻǷǳѵˣԲôýģʵһֱǻǰ
໨صԺ֮չҲûʲôЧȻڻþɱӰֶСǺͶ֮Ľ᲻⣬Ƕֻ´Ҳûдˡ
ͬĻߵĹҲﵽܴﵽĶ壬ҲˣʱҲţ춼̵ӣֵʵ̨ס
Щ֮⣬Ԫ汾˵ʵҲ˺ܴ
ʱѾˣڻʱʮ£֮æ˻ԪһЩʱ䣬־ʮ³齱Ѿʮһ³ˣԪŸоԼʵﵽ˶壬Ҫͻˡ
ͯӹʮ˱֮½ܿ죬ѾΪڶ壬ֻҪǰһܴﵽϵͳҪĴɵزˡ
ԪڷԺ̨֮ϣ鼤Ҫȵһˡ
ʼԽĸոһУڵڶ壬Լ˶ĥѰ
Ȼʱ䲢꣬ǻԪʱ侭̫̫顣
ִ˵˼άܶ鶼绢ͬʱҲǳĿգеѡɲҪϵͳɣҲңܶࡣ
ѾˣҲûѡֻܰϵͳҪһȥ
ͯӹɵĵһҲҪһ
ʲôȲ˵ԼŵŮδıǮˡ
Ȼ׵ĻҪ񣬵ֵǿ󣬻ԪǸʱҲԶˡ
ǻһ˿ɵЦԪоѵʼȫԼ
ɫڵ֮ѡţԪоֱѾﵽװңֻҪͯӹڶ壬ôֱԿԳף
ˮƽѾԽһԲܶ࣬ԺǸ׶ȶ·ˡ
ȻȻҪһģҪǾ澭ľһֱûеõڳȡ
Ƕ˵׼ƷˣͯӹҪµ
ǿʼڳţͯӹĽɫâо˼ͻƣҲڷٵת
һڼִĴ̼¶ʼ
ټˣͯӹټˣͯӡ
ʱƣԪ˵仰


675 ϵͳ߽
ڻԪĴ߶£԰ޱȵƳһĹ£΢ƿɶˣѷ졢һٱ
ͯӹĴϢͬһõ˾޴󣬲ҿʼ׳
ɫɫתţнɫͯӹ;澭ִɵġ
ڤɫģȻֻһǴﵽ׼Բıڤ񹦲ͯӹӾ١
һΣͯӹĿʵϵת䣬ɫѾԵĳɫ
ŽɫĿ£ȻͻȻ͵һȦ
ֱﵽ׵ţڻԪĵԳķʽţ
ͯӹͻˣ
Ԫо˻µë׶ſˣڸ質
ԼʧˣԪظоԼǸطҲ˾޴ĸı䣬ûˣȡ֮ͻ
ͯӹ֮ͬ¼Ԫ潫ܵκεĳͷɢκεӰˡ
Ȼ׻Уһ޴Ľ
ϱŰ
˺þڵȵ죡˺þڰʵ֣
Ԫ̲סʼ߳ǰĸԽ̶ǰδУũūҪˣҪýѽ
ʱϵͳʾͬشˡ
ϲϵͳ֮һͯӹɣϵͳѧƵʽھʽ־ѧעա
ƵĵʽھʽԪ֮⣬Ϊ֧Ҳÿνеơ
ԪΪĽӦñ֧߸ӷһЩϵͳȻָһֵĽ
ʱѹ¿ϲ飬Ԫ濪ʼ鿴ϵͳĽ
ƵĵʽھʽֱΪޱߣС
ԪѾѧǰʽеʽӭһֱûùΪѹ׵ľбš
ѧʽӵǿ
һУӭ൱Ҳͬһǵ幥ǿĴֶΣһȥĵһƬҲڵȫһ̶ȡ
ڰʽޱߣǴһƣٶȺܿ죬ǱȵʽһΣﵽڵȫһ
лʲôǿһԵھʽڡ
кܶΪƵһʽˣҲΪ޴һС
տĶԪѾ̫ǵˣҲŪ׼ǲһʽˣǺȻԼֶ棬ھΪǿֶΡ
ﵽȫһֱǲġ
ԪĿǰĸ棬ȽҹĽ㡢ʱֵĴϣҲڰɣΪԪû˵֮ϻо硣
Ҳ˵ǿһҲ̶ˡ
Ԫڿϲֱ֮һͷˮǾԼĿǰˮƽʩչƵĵڰʽҲǷޱߣڵ
һУԻԪĿǰʩչ
Ԫ水ϵͳʾһ£ֻҪԼܳȡ澭һҲɣǸʱԼˮƽܴﵽĳ̶ˣǸʱʩչھûˡ
ΪһУǸ׼ģһûʩչʸ
ԪȻ۲һеϧҲûʲô취ֻ⼸ƵĳƷʽ
ѧϰ˻Ԫ潫һʱʱ䣬ѧϰһ֮󣬻Ԫʱȥ鿴ϵͳġ־ѧ
һ鿴ͷԼĵĲͬ
Ԫ֮ϣѾˡľˮĸּ֣ǳĵ¶ǿġ
֣ǳ˻Ԫ֮ϡ
΢΢ʩչǸ־ͽ˸س֮ڡ
ϵͳʾʱٴδ־ѧڷطһо粻Լˣƾѧ޷ֻƾ
ϵͳĻԪһ£ԺֵμеĻ档
ʦͽǰȡ·С£ͯӻüͯð棬СµȺȡˡ
ʦͽ˲ԽС֮󣬱üϷץֻ˳ȥҲԵֵԷķòĴԮ
յдһ֣һ֡
վƾ֣ûüķʩչֻǻսҲûʲôв
ϵͳԪ֣ȻǺǸ֮ͬġ
ǺͻԪͬˣֵѹ¶޷һʵǷǳ̬ġ
ȻԪߵıڤ񹦲Ŵﵽ׼Բĳ̶ȣԽ
ͯӹﵽڶǴˣǲͲܼˣһͨԲġ
ڤ񹦵Ľ׹ƾͻһЩˣֻҪ㹻ĸڹ㹻ˡ
ֻҪһ书ԲôԪԲˡ
ǸʱκûдﵽԼǰû˵ֿʧȥ֮󣬸ҲͳΪӹˡ
ڣκεԲ£ڻԪǰҲͷûʲôˡ
ѧһ֮󣬻ԪЩȲ顣
ǺһȣԪʵԼͯӹ֮Ч
ԼʱǱԺ֮ڣʲôԸԼأ
϶ǲеģѾͷɣҲɬΪΪԭ϶ҪԼȢŲſԼġ
޲¹еϣ޲һֱϣԪȺ£ǰ棬Ԫ˵Ҳס
ĽӲˣѾͷʧˣȻָ˲٣ǺԼĺܶ黹ûӵĲܽˡ
ںСӲˣ黹ûеǸ̶ȣԪҲȥЩ顣
໨أпܣϾԼĽӴܣǹ໨ҲΪţ鲻ãԪҲǶκһʲôǶһ˵Ĳ
ӦþǰˣŮĴԼãԸԼʲôġ
ΨһıǰÿնͽһһԼСҴˣܴˡ
Ԫ˼ȥҲû뵽һʵѡﲻĿơ
Ҫ¶զôأԪ治쳤̾
Լֻһ֪ôʱҲͱѡˣֻ־ᣬֲݣµҲûк˭ҸɵʲôڹˣԳˡ
ĬĬһԪƽ顣
ô궼ˣѵôһʱ䶼ֲס
ʱȥЩŮӣһԼպ̵ĴսأǺ˼Ůһ
ټְּɣԪﰵ⡣
ոΪԼʵоϲʱ򣬻ԪͻȻָоһļ£
ѵʱҪ


676 µľ޴仯
ÿһε仯Ԫ涼еĸоѾǵˡ
֪ҪãһĽӽѾǲʵˡ
һԪԼЩоÿһεļ¶֮ƺڷһ΢ı仯ʲô仯Ҳ˵ӦһǶλ˰ɡ
ĪҪߴμ¶Ż
˵ʱʱ̫٣ԪһҲ̫˽࣬ȴҲһԽ̸ˡ
໨ԣȴΪڻþɱӰ֮󣬱չؿʼȥˡ
Ҳ໨ԺͿɲ۾ȥ׼ߵľˣԪ治ȥ
ѯ໨ԪҲһˣȻ֪ⷽʶԼǰʾȥ
ԻԪֻԼˣһεʮ³ϴھ³ʮһ³ˡ
ѵһλʮ³
һ󲻵Ҫ죬ǹɼ¶Ҳɢȥ
Ԫ벻ףɴҲͲˣʿѵݱԼȻͯӹˣǻԪҲȥ
һӣԼ̲סܵԺȥ
ѾûͯӹǻԪһʱ仹ȫת䣬¼ʹˣҲҪˮɲȻΪȥǶԼŮӵĲ
ȻˣԪɴһĵĳ֮Уȡʿѵϵʱ򣬽Լͯӹ׼Բĳ̶ȣ
ò˵Ԫ뷨ܷΪҲ֪ʲôʱͯӹոսҪ̨ˡ
ƫƫľ֮£ӵڻԪ
ѵõʱ򣬿Բ߲ݵרҲڵһʱиպҪõźԪ治·ԻҪ̿һЩҲܸһá
ǱҲûʲôѵʱ̣ʱһš
ʮһ³壬Ԫȫȹڶľ磬
ʮһ³ʮԪоԼѾԽһĺڶĳ̶ȣ׼Բϣˡ
ȻһжҪл׽ϴ辭ĹͣѧϰŹԺ󣬻ԪѾﵽ˽ĳ̶ȣ˽ԲǱȽϴż⣬ƿˡ
ʮһ¶ʮԪٴνʱ򣬾׼ԲľѾԶˡ
ʮһ¶ʮˣԪӭʮһµĳ齱
ÿһεĳ齱Ԫ涼ӣֹͣרĳ齱
һεĳȡԪõһ˫
һε˫ûиʲôöֻǻȽϧҩʵƻ
ֵĵҩĺܴÿһУЩϵĽܳʿڼ£ҪĵҩҩԪҲ
ĵڶγ齱ԪֺһΣֱӳȡ˴ĦϢ
ѧĻ֮ϲˣԪΨһĵģͯӹڽԲʱƿõžѧôԼͿûʲô½ԲҲǻԲȫϣˡ
齱֮󣬻Ԫûһͣ٣ٴοʼ
ʮ³ʱ򣬻ԪѾǰֻŽ׼Բĳ̶ȣνǽ١
ΪԪΪɣõĵҩҪȹģǳʱڣԪҲǫˣ㲻ü֮Ҫ뿪ˣǫû壬öҪõġ
ʱһεļ´
ԪûʲôȣѾǵĴˣԼĹȷĻôͻµʱ䣬֮ɣľսʼ
ԪڼҲûţʱһϢˡ
úͰö˵ʱԺ̴ĸ˳׵뿪˰ĽǸѾɥĲˣصǽõߡ
ͷʹһԪҲȥӭˣԱߺ԰ο˰졣
ԼδĸﰲٺԺ󣬻Ԫص˷ԺϢʹˡ
ҽüף׵һ׮£Ľ򿪣Ȼ˫˫ͻƣΪԲĸ֣
ϢĻԪ˷ܵĻȭһԼһǿս
Ϊҽ˫̥ͨ˫˫Բ֮󣬾澭øǿڤצҲΪ˳ѧ֮£ֻһֵֶܵˡ
֮Ԫ͸ɴĦϢչأһµʱ䲻κˣֻʮ³齱ʱͣһ¡
ʮµĳ齱ԪţħһҲڻ˽Ϊ֮µսʹʥʵ൱
ڶεĳȡԪԸԳصõһöѧ
ʱ򣬻Ԫٴεõһö߼ѧ
Ԫŷϵ书֮УѧҲռ˺ܴء
һΣԥؽղˡ
֮ĽղΪ˳ѧ²ƵĳֶΡ
ӴԺԲĸڻԪҲвˣΪղǲģε˵бܣҪġ
ҲΪȡ˽ղ֮󣬻Ԫ״̬ǰδеĺãȻʮ¶ʮһ죬ٴͻƣ
µϵõϲóͯӹٴͻƣﵽ׼Բľ硣
ʱ򣬻ԪѾ׼Բֻо澭ڶ壬Ϻȡ
̶ϵѾûԪԽǸ̶ȣǰ벽ˡ
ͯӹﵽ׼Բ֮󣬻ԪҲһµĿޣȵһ׼Բ֡
и𣿻ǲܡ
Ԫ滹һǾǳ׵ȹͯӹ׼Բ磬ȻȴʱͿһͻơ
ԻԪ滹ǲϳأȥ
Ԫʱһγ齱ԪһεǺܺãֻǳȡûʲôôΪֻҪԪԲܻãԲǺӡ
ڶεʱ򣬻Ԫȡһ֧ʣʣҲ֪ǸʲôõģԪɴ
Ԫ齱һԤϵٴδ¶Ѿǵˡ

Ԫ澲˴˴ǰŴҹա
ոճ齱ڻ賿Ѿµһˡ
ˣѵ˵µʱ䣬Ҫ𣿡
ţԪĿûʲô࣬Щǡ
ʱ̾ҪˣԭҲµʱˣɹʧܣں̵ܶʱڽ
Ļո˵꣬ͻȻˣǻµʱ䣬ֻһµʱˣ
ǡ㣡ôˣ
Ԫ澪ϲ̧ͷǰԶȽҹһƮݵİɫȹΪˣȻ䣬Եһ磬¹·׿վڻԪ治ԶϴŵЦ⣬ɫ¹֮¡


677 غ
һȽҹ뿪ʱ򣬸߻Ԫԭʿ̵ʱ֣ûеǸʱȻˣԻԪŻܲ졣
Ƚҹñҹ紵ҵķ˿Ҫɽ·ûпһ̣ڸпˡ
ԭҪɽƶɮ͡
Ԫн۵ȥɽҲһ죬ҲܴˣȽҹһҲ޷
ǻԪ滹һɻ󣬶ȽҹȽ˵ֻһµʱˣѵƶɮ鲻Ҫߴε춯Ż𣿡
Ƚҹ΢΢ҡͷ˵òȫԣûε飬̫֮ΪΧ̫еģܸоģֻнľˮ춯Ѿ춯һΣͻˡ
ȽҹĽͣԪŻȻԭô¡
ҿȽҹ˽ͣȻԪ滹Ϊµʱء
ֻһĻʱͷǳˡ
Ԫüͷ΢΢ȽҹһôˣѵΪʱȣͲһɽ𣿡
ʹ֪ȽҹڿЦԪ滹ǼæȽҹͣǵȻǣڿսҲæ͵еĻɽһˡ
ȽҹЦЦûȥԪ治ֵǮĻԣھ߰ɣⶬҹﻹе
Ԫ浥һŴ̨ûĴһԾȽ֣һΪ㲻η庮䣬ϲҹء
ȽҹתηĴͲǺ䡣
Ԫһк֮ϵĽ۵һ飬һ߶ȽҹȽηʲô
Ƚҹûֱ۵˽۵ıŶĻԪ˵һ䣺ηģǶҹĹ¶

෢˷ɻ֮ľͳ˸ڡ
Ԫ˽۵֮ЧʲȷɻҪתҪҲΪԭȽѣúܡ
ӺҲǲʱɫոЩѾɽϿա
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Ԫ˵ͷʹ۵ʼ䡣
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ΪбȱȽϴ󣬻ԪЩǰ㣬Ƚҹķ۱֮ϡ
ĳ裬ӹԪգģġ
ͯӹѾɵĻԪ濴ȽҹӨСһЩ
ҲһĻ֮ûԪڱ˴֮Ĺϵ˸һ뷨һ׳׳ӣȽҹСشһ
ȵغ˹ȥԪԸоȽҹһ£ûлͷҲû˵ƺδԪС
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ûȽ۵ͣȣȽҹȲȥһֱܵصİߣһʯͷ
ý۵գһﲻ͵󣬻ԪŻȽҹ
÷ִ磬ЩһʱԽǲܵôߣȽҹѾˣĹˣֻ»ʵ䷴
˻⣬ȽΪʲôҪ
㲻𣿡
Ƚҹ˵䲻Ծ³һԵ÷һЩԪûвƣо˺ܶࡣ
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һأһأΪĸױ̨
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ȽҹͻԪһЩܻԪĿ⣬΢΢ĲͷȥغһҾ˵úܶԣںȾһѡȥŪЩ𣿡
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678 ҹ
ɽ뿪Ԫʹ۵ֱ򣬲һʱޡ
޳ɣѾû仨ˡ
ԪҲĹۿ޳ǵķӣ˾ȪӵȪˮȻֵйһЩʳ
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۵Ͽ֮󣬻Ԫ¿˿ȻûзȽҹ
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ȽҹŪģǻԪȴûпȽҹˣɻĴѰҡ
ȥĴããĺˮȽҹˡ
Ӧѽ֮䣬ǰ׷Ѫħ֮⣬Ӧûʲô˺Ƚҹˣȥ
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Ī书׵ȽŮˮôôûûг
ͷˮ濴һۣһҪÿһĻ档
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Ƚҹ˼һ£һ̣ϵ⵭һЩԴ֣صصҲ֪ҷµĴһںޣûкҩܹڿʼѡôϣ̫ԶҲᶫ
ϣ̫ᶫΪʲôԪЩʡ
ȽҹĿ֮ԣֿʼӣӣķڻԪϣΪ̫ᶫôһҹԶ


679 Ʋ
ȽҹȻһ书׵ĸ֣¼ûеˣǲɷϵģڸ棬Ů֮棬ʵǺһŰֽûʲô
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ڤһŷǳѧһҳĹоŮ޷ѧϰţ䴫Զû뵽Ȼ͸㣬ɼ޴˻Եˡ
ԪЩȵͷԱȽҹĻ̼һ㣬ѹסȽҹڤһҳ书𣿡
ӦģҲżȻĻ²ŵõġ
ȽҹͻԪ֮ľֻļףԪ涼ܿԼĵӰ
ȻõˣôԵˣϣѧ书
ϮˣԪɤЩɣɤЩɳƣϣ˰ɣҳԹûԲѧϰ书ͻһ㣬ҵڹȽأȻʵǿȴûԲĳ̶ȡ
Ƚҹٴһֻ֣ץסԪһֻ֣Ԫ˳˫ֺգһ˫СģȴĻ
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֪䣬˫־Ϳס˶ֵ˫֣ȽҹεĹ̶˴ʯ档

ȽҹûʲôԪѹס֮󣬶ʱһͷŵشҲ֪Ϊʲôͱܵطһ
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ԪͷȽҹʵھҵţǹȻ𼸺Ҫڻˡ
ֱӵͷȽҹ֮ϣһֲֻ֪ػȥذסǰء


680 ͯ˵ݰ
ԪȽҹǰǾ˵ĵԺͻһ䳹׳١
Ȼû̻ΪǣǻԪҲˣﻹʲô˼ȥһֲֻסȽҹһŷ
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ҹĺÿ졣
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簲á硢ˣȻҲǼɫŮӣòȽҹȽÿ˶ҪԵǷȱһ㶫
ֵȻԶͲ׽Ϊյ롣һܽŮѹ£ʤȴｭɽ
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ʵϣҲȷʵݽȥˡ
Ƚҹָ׶˻Ԫı﷢һԼߵԪ桭۸ң
ԪֱһоȻ˼򵥵ľͷˣͻԵĽչһ˿Ҳɵ˾⣬Ʋද
һȽҹҲܡϰ䣬ʲô඼ܹҲ˵һ仰һָۣоͲݣѹֵ̲סͷ˳
һ𣬻صغϡ

һѽȽҹһ˫ĻסԼǰ
˫ȴˡּᶨķֿȽҹ˫֡
ҪԪ棬ҡ£
Ƚҹ֣ţѩ׵ļɽߵİѩȥԪĵطһƬ
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ŻԪĻ£һ޴ĽӸĺ糹׵
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ǲ׵ûԪõˮ߰۲סԷĲԪ棬Ҫңֻ»ܴ鷳
ǲܱԼϲˣΪ鷳Ҳ޳ܵˣ
ԪᶨĻȽҹһ˿ģףһŮˣȻĺͻԪߵһҲϣԼϲһӢۣηηβų
һ˿ļᶨȽҹû˵ʲôزͷȥطſ赲ǰ˫֡
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ǧɽɾ𣬲ãǧ֮䣬Ѿֻʣһˡ


681 ʮ˸ҹһ˲
ȽҹĬԪѾ޷ѳˣѸֲʧĽȽҹȫȥ
һ̣Ԫоϻϵۡ
Ϊ壬ÿһÿһ˿Ӧϵ۵Ľ
ҲĴڣԲǷġ
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һ֮УȽҹ˫棬Ůӵһα¶ǰƾڲĴ̼Ѿ˾ˮ˶κ״̬
ͽԵְɣԼδ˭˼ضŮΪİɡ
ȽҹͲ׷ߣ۶ˣȴƫƫڷСд飬԰Ρ
ǲ٣ǻӦԶԶûе̶ȰɣȽҹߵţԼôˣ
ΪȾҲеԭ򣬵ԲҪġ
ԼųԸҪԭ򣬾ֻһ߻ˣʱ̵ص
ܸܵĿԼ߮ԼһС㱻ȥĿ⼸ҪƤˡ
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һ˫ǿֱ۽˹ȥŸоԭҲû
ܴ仳۾Ŀԡ
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ɾͺͼ¼һƵġ
Ƚҹ糺˵ĻؿڣǼٵ૵ص¼ʲô
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ԪжԸȽҹİ취Ѹٵһ̽ΡΡķ֬ץදȽҹĹ߽̾ˣķ֮𽥵һɫ
ԪʵҲûʲô徭飬ûԹǿܵģϱӻЩģԸȽҹֽһŮûġ
ʱƣһе鶼ˮˡ
ʱٵ˲䣬Ƚҹڰ಻ס飬˫סԪĲӣһҪףӦҡ
ҴӦ㣬Ȣš
⻵ˣһ㣡
ХţһƬã

ذߵĴʯϣͻһ飬ѩţһɫʯͷ
ֻʯͷЩͻأһ۵ˮףһڴӵ״һѩ
ֻе˺ҹʱ͸ǺĻѩԼؿǿʯͷĽ⣬ֻǺܲԡ
̫²ҵĹ⣬ȻֱƲڣһѩ
ˣϧûд͸Ʋ㡣
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ʲôôѽȽҹš
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ѽսʤˣش˰갡ǵڸߣҲΪ˸˳صĴۣǧ˰ǧ档
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ʲôʱˣô˺ܳʱƵġ
Ǹʱûʲôɳ©һߣ֪ҹĻ׹ʱġΪûһȷļʱߡ
ԪмʱĶǾϵͳ
ĵؿһϵͳʱ䣬Ԫ涼һ죬ѾһʮˣԪģѾʮˣ
ȽҹҲһ㶣˾Ȼʮûдˡ
һƬȣȽҹݺݵһѣˣȻ˰¡µҲ㣬˵ôأ
ԪҲЩʱȷʵ̫ˡ
ʱ˵õҹϳţԼһȼֱС׼ˡ
ôһСĿռڣȻʮ˸ҹҹ⻹治һܹġ
ͬʱԪҲһ˿ĽȽҹСӣҹһΣķҿǴһ¼ˣҺ˵ûҪ˰Ŷ
Ƚҹ𣺡ˣҪһ뿪㣬ֵѵӦãҪ̻ȥǰ⣬ҲҪʮ죬ʱǳĽȡ
Ƚҹ˵ָ㣺㿴ѽǳʱһ¶ôͻһµʱ䣬ʮ죬Ǿֻʮˣ·ٻȥʮʱ䣬׼ʱֻˣѵòúܽ𣿡
ԪҲƵƵͷȷʵ٣Ǵʱ̫ˣôþٱһƣ˼ûأ
ȽҹĿעӻԪ棬Ԫ棬̫̰ˣѵ㶼ûע⵽ڵӦ˺ܴı仯𣿡
ȽҹĻԪעŴȽҹתƵԼڡ
Ҫһ֮»Ԫʱ󾪣ôôҵĹôأ
Ƚҹ˫۲ĲΪҵķˣһαˣԺҪúõ۰˼ҡ
ȽҹĻԪʱˣԭȽҹĹ͡
һҹлˣһһУҾ͸аˡ
ֱڼȽҹҲȼˣҪ뿪ˣ˼һ롭һΣ
һΣǾԲԺ󡣡
ԪȽҹĻ˵ࡣ


682 ǰϦ
ԪصµʱߵѵɵؽţΪû֪ĳʱ䣬ڵȴԪϢ
Ѿǰ£ʹԺڣֻ໨ڱչ֮У˲ûм档
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Ժ֮ڣ緢˻Ԫһʱ˹
֮󣬶˻ûлһ˼֮࣬ͺɵؿŻԪ档
ԪϻװµģôˣΪʲô˿ң
㲻һˣ⼸ʲôȥˣ
ԭΪѽȻǲһˣΪѾͻˣΪԲ
һ£ϸؿ˿ŷֻԪȻǾ񶼺ǰͬԲĳ̶ˡ
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˵ˣʱҲͲĺˣԺеʱ˵飬˴æĻ綼ûụ̈ҪߴңڼǱ̶ǰˣ
ô죿
û֪ͨʿϡҲټֵӼϣʰװһͳ
Ҳ֪ȥټʿˡ
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˵ģüоˣüÿŵȵȶвּͬٵǼϵźš
̴ֵµĸԺӿ˳׷˴䳡ϡ
оԺЩŮǣҲ̸Ϲˡ໨Ҳӱչ֮гˣ˶ǰ棬˶֮໨΢΢صһͷֻǶȴͷŤһߡ
ֵӣЩʿٶȾҪԵһЩҲ˼ϡ
ԪΪַɺռ䳡룬ǧˡ
µٶ⣬߰ٶ˶Ƕʿ
䳡ڣֻҪϰˣû쾳µģںռ˶൱ֵڡ
׼ԲҲˣԪİ˸Ӷ׼Բ֣⽭棬׼ԲҲ߸ˡ
ԲҲвˣһơ໨硢á˶Բĸ֡лԪ汾ˣѾ߸ˡ
·üһãȴԪķԡ
Ԫһ£ո׼һսǰԱͻȻһӰͬһķ˽磡һ£Сˣ
˽Ǿ̾ؿˣΪȫƿն½طһ㣬ֲܴﵽľ硣
ɣ񣬷ɿͷϻкˮɼ·ҲǱȽϼģֺ֮ܵеĶǰ棬ԻԪ磬㲻ùˣ͸һǰ⣬Ϊ²һ
Ԫص˵ͷɣֵļ룬ǸԼһ˾޴ʵһиаˡ
λֵӣλͬλŮʩǣ
ԪɤӣⱣǶ֪ˣ׷Ѫħû⣬һִ̣ʮԲĸ֣иĴڣʵѾвԭֵĴ
һԲԪĽ
ǰڱ֣ȻҲȥǵ鷳ǡ̵ֶӰħԲģǱ䱾ѾڴˣĽԭ֣ѾжݣΪ̵Ĵ߹
Ŀ⻷һȦǷ׷ֱͦصķɣҶ𽥵һЩη
໨ͻԪϵеŮӣʱҲо˱һϡ
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ȺʱͷˣȻһֱѵΪ˶Կ׷ѪħΪ£ǵٻһЩиΪսңԶԪһ˵ǲʶԭսѾǰˣ
Ҫ԰ǰպյİ׷Ѫħ𣿺ܶ˶ԾЩ־ˡ
Ԫ濴˿ȺҵЩ˵ֱӾʨӺ𣺡ʲô
Щҵ˶ʱһһ¾ȵؿ̨ĻԪ档
ȸǶҪǾûеֿ𣿸ǣˣʵѾȫѷɫ̣ҪһЩ
˵ŻԪָɣ񣺡ûУλڵĴɣһ֣ǻкܶĺûóǽڳԲѾӽʮˣֻ󷨣ԶԿʹ٣ҲȻʰ
Ԫһϯһģǲ˶ôֹ۵ġ
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ףףף
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һΣеʿȫսһ޺ս˴ӳսʮͭ˳սеһֱԼֱĵͳͳս
ԺһԾ˺ܶ࣬Ϊܶʵãǰȥᰭְŵġ
һȥˣֻ໨硢ҽˡ
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Щ鰲ȥ֮ھֻɮһЩﵽ죬ǻûгΪһ޺һԱɮˡ
ǻԪ沢ģȻʥţħһҲ̷ǳҪһԱѾ֮ȴֺɽ
ЩеͷڣҲռˣԴ󷽵İȫӦû⡣
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Ȿ鿴˿Ԫֱӷһҳ
ȽҹĴŮԪ׸ԼûԪĹһ¥޵ͯӹѾﵽԲĳ̶ȣӦʸоһҳˡ


683 
ʢмطɽȽ϶ģɽĵطȻѩԭֻƶ񤣬ûʲôȥ
ξɽصȴɽ
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ûԭ㹻ӣµ̵ѾԶԶĳԽԭɣΪʵµһ
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̳ڴǾſѪڣҪ̳ҪĿУȻžγɵͨߡ
ԼףĸצӾĸڣÿطȥ̳λڵµڲˡ
һֱǰУôβ뿪ĻͻͷɽˮϣҲǰͷɽΨһǰˮص·
̳ڴǾĴԶպˣ˲ȥҲ
βˮϣ̵Ľͽڽһᡣ
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ǰڷ㰸㰸滹йƷϵķ㵻档
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˵һ䣬İԼٽͽ͸һ˵һ䡣
ԭֵСʥ̸С˶ڣʵףҪ̸ˣ
顱ֿ˼ͷ϶ͷЩˡ
ͽȻηԭСҪ˵ĹǾۼϣܹʥʾҪãʥط˼䣿

ͽ쳹ˮϵɽص
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˵Żһɽɫˣͬߵĳϼӳգ˲ұӡ
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촹ʥӣҹҵ֪ԭСͷɽԵһ£鼤֮¾Ȼ򣬲һͻ˽صĽޣҴѪľ磬һΣҪ޻أ
ڳ֮УϺ֪ϵĿµģ챦ž书ȻѾϰѪľ磬ֻϣʥ֮⣬ûǴϵĶ˰ɡ
֣ͬҲϬһָּΪ书Ǻʹһȣǲɲһ㡣
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˸ոҪźȴǣס죡ѵ޵ݵģ¼ֻʥһ˶ѣѵǶǵʥ𣿡
Լ˵ãЩ˶ʱɫһ䣬Щֵؿǻˮ߮ĴߣǴƺûǵĻ΢΢ġ
ɫصصʥڼҲﵢˣڿʼ׼ʱЩԭһµͺ¿ͷɽǵ֮


684 Īа
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Ԫʱ֣ʼļƻЩˡ
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Χûʲôɽˣ˺ðӰӶûУԪֻǷͷ
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ηԼһӦǵ˹ؼʱ̣ڶ֮ǰǲ뷢κε⣬һҲǴ򶨵⣬ڶ֮ǰɱ̵Ϊľս̵档
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ֻǻԪ濴˵ı飬Щèץһܡ
ʦá㡭ⶼʲôʱˣǸӦð˼ζԸ棬ǹ˵Щ
ʦˣҲû˵Ҳûʲô˲ģЩɱȥӮĻܴ󡣡
ʦôԲӣڲ䱸ɭϣҸڶ࣬óȻԲһð취
໨˵󣬻ԪԼ
ʦ㣬㲻ҪˣԶ֮ڣ˵ǵʦܣԲ׵ıֵģһԭֻҪܼҲͻ̵֪ڲ
Ҳɣ˭ܱ֤ʲôأ
ԪǵĻвǰһ
ԶһΣԼΪԩȽҹΪֻȽҹǸ
ڿһȽҹ޹صġ
ȽҹϽı֮ԼԪǻǾ޴ˡ
ϸ룬ԪµĻĿꡣ
֮޷̽ģĿǰֻˡ
ֻôĴʱ߲ܣȽҹܣܣɣܡ
ôΨһпܵģӦþֻаĽˡ
ǰĽȥԶ䱳֣Ҳһġ
ΪĽڲŶħ֣ѱĽͲʲô⣬ܵȥԶˣҲǶҲԼʲôɣ֮ĿǰĽĿ
֮Լһֱûл;ԶܹҵԶһľܵõʲôмֵҲ˵
˼˵Ѿֹͣˣ˷ֿˣҲԼǿ໨ҲòڣԻû˵Ԫ
ǻԪǵĶԻõʾǾ취ȥҾԶ
ôң˭ȥһ⡣
Լ˭ȥܱ֤ȫôڵɣȥ̵Ҳǵˡ
ԪΪ˽ʾ֭ʱͻȻԶ˴򶷵
Լ֮䣬ԪĺȣȻʹýʮƺ˽֡
Ԫʱһѵ̵˾Ȼʱ͵ϮԼһӪˣ
ӦѽǲӦزŸӺ
һԾӪʣ֮໨ŮҲѾˣԲоҲӪս
˶һû˵ĸŮӶԶĸڻԪߣһӪʵıԵȥ
ΪԲ֣סĵصӪʵıԵڴбȫ˼˶֣϶˴洳ˡ
ʱѾۼ˲ٵˣֻһں˽֣һЩֵӺʿԱΧѹ󣬸岻֡
ΪսĶ˹ܸߣֵܹġ
һʩչʮƣ󿪴ϣǾȻҲûռѹԵơ
ԷһѩӰ׷ɣٶȺܿ죬ð¡
Ԫһˣͬʱ˵һ֡
Īа
˾ȻĪа׵ͷӭ裬ĳĸ꽣ʹõҲǸ꽣
þòĪа书ȻҲ٣һѾʵȻȡʤ
ߵ໨ͶһۣͬʱҲڿŻԪ棬˶ܴӶԷ￴һ˿ǣͬʱһڴ
ʱĪаΪʲô
Ǻ̴սĹؼʱ̣ĪаҲΪ˵ˣôԼһҪһǿĶ֡
ǣĪаʥҲǱĪаܹͶԷߵһȥ
Ԫ濴໨һۣ໨ᣬǰһսеĪаĪҹǰΪ£
Īаս֮໨￴һۣޱ飬Ҳûͣ֡
໨仨̾ǻĪа֣֮ﱾڿĪаӣʱһɵУĪаʦ㻰أƤǲǣ
ɢĪаǲԼͬסˡ


685 ǲȦ?
ĪаսԻԪһȺ֣ûһ˿ľɫ
໨÷ɵвʹĪаֺûмǰԪȺ˵䣬໨ܶԼˡ
ԪǰһĪаɫЩӡ
˵ˣΪԼˣȴΪ˵ˡ
߳Ƶħ֮Ҳֻõֻ㲡
ӷĪҹϮҵԭ˵ӪأƺΪɣ
Īа꽣Уע˻ԪһЦһһ䷽ô磬Ŀһеʦվ޸Ҳôġ
Ԫ΢ЩΣĪа˵ƻЩĹϵڡ
Ԫ浱Ȼۣ΢ЦĪΪƶɮѰôƶɮɷҾԶΪʤ
Īаû̶֣ǰ˰еĸ꽣ĻҲţ㲻µĻǻطһ˶ϡ
Ҳãȥ˵
ԪĻ˵꣬໨Ͷ缸ͬʱס䣬ʶΧ˲٣ּæɿ
¶̼֮ɫԪ棬Եһȥ
Ԫͷ˿ŮѵֱȽĬʱο΢ЦȫԷģû˭ҡ
Ԫ浱Ȼ֪ʱܳʲô⣬һĪаѾͶ̣ôпܸԼףõİ취ǰͰĺʹһǰ
ǻԪܾãĪа϶ô򵥵ģĻһֺ޼ֶԸԼ
ʹĪаʲôıԪҲûʲôԼ
ͯӹԲ֮󣬻ԪѾܹʹȫʽƣһǶˡ
Ը˼ӪأԪǶĪаĪ·
Īа˵תߣԪظ棬ܿʧɽ档
ʣ㿴ңҿ㣬֪ԪѶ˭ûа취ȥֹҲֻܿȥ

ĪаٶȺܿ죬һֱɽȥԪʩչյľṦں棬ؽӽ˰ͷɽĶ塣
ͷɽĶ̵̳ˣԪžͽüѵĪаʲôıɣȻΪʲôȻˣ
ŲոջһЩĪаͻȻͻͷԻԪһ䣬𣿡
Ԫ΢΢ҡͷּӿŲȥ
һǰһ󣬺ܿһƽ̹֮ء
ǰĪаѾվˣԪʮɴҲվˣ̧ͷǰǾ޴ͷ̳ǰˡ
Īаվ£Ԫ滺ڣĪѡսѵͲЩ˷㣿ǲƶɮдһˣΣա
ĪаûлͷΣյ㡣
˵ţĪаͷǱߴһѾˣǲܹ֤ҵĳأ
Ļ˵꣬ͷǱ߾ʹһЦúúãĪȻԶţһУĪ´ˣ
һںҹ֮ͷǱߵڴ󿪣Ӱɿ˳ǰˣȻǰĽ㣡
ĽһʿɣٴλգֻüĿ֮䣬ѾԼĶһ
ĽߣȻŶٰ׺ͶӶˣ
˳Ԫ۾΢΢һ£ĪаȻǹᵽһˣԼ
ĽŶٰ׺Ͷӳ˳̾ͱŻԪȥĪаʱҲٵĵͷԪɱ˹ĸҪγһΧԪ泹
Ԫɫ䣬ŲʩչΣɵ˶ʮɣ˼˵İΧȻֱʩչһԾնʮɸߡ
Ľһֵǰѵأ°ɣ
һӣĽԦһɺնֱеĻԪ
ͷնоĶر죬ҲԲʱڲ֮ˡ
Ԫһ̧Ľ㣬ƶɮ㻹˵򣡡
ޱߣ
ƵڰʽﵽڵȫһĿǰԪڶǿĹֶˡ
ĽȻҲû뵽ԪܷĹִ֮ӭƷ罻Ľ׷ͷһȥ
ǻԪһƲûڰĽռˣ屻ø߿շȥ
ڿĽĹҲڶ壬ȻԼƲûдκ˺
ţԪһ֣۵ͷ˹ԪֱץסצӣԵϵļ˵һ䣺µľȻǻκβƶɮˣǺܿټġ
ĽȻУٶȾ޷ͽ۵аˣĪаˣڵؿŻԪƿնȥ
ߵĺݺһţĺУ治٣ˣҵĻɾˡ
ٰ׺ͶӶҲû뵽ĪаȻĽԪ˹û뵽ĽԳ֣ȻҲûܽ¡
ӵôͲˣǿ϶ͰĴ󲿶ɽ̾һսˡ
Ľ㱧Թ˼䣬ͷĪаĪúܺãһҪǵ͹У׼ȫһЩ˴ξͿɻԭʿˣھһȥҿȷظ㣬̵ĳλ棬Ѿһϯ֮ˡ
ǰԭӪؽһĪаıѾðĽˡ
ȫԸ׼Ӧ֮УҪӭӶܶ鶼ǰĽѾܹܶˡ
ЩˣҲǷǳΰĽ㣬Ϊϣ¶ûбȰĽӿɿˡ
ĪаĽӦԼˣ¶һ˿Ц⣺Īĳ˾Ͷлǰˣǰϣܹ
ŶΪΣ
ΪǼԭֿսͽսĵһߣҺǰв죬ҴܹպǷָ
Īа˵¾ҧгݵģĽص˵ͷܺãЩȷʵɶһ䣡Һ޲ʳ⣬޳ܵͺ¿ãȻҡ
Ľ˵ŻĪаһۣͬظܡ
ĪаûҲ¶һ˿⡣
Ľ㿴ٺһЦˣ鲻ҲգҾΪڵĳϣһߵ飬עʱԷĶʥˣˮϾмʱܳġ
ǰģĪĳ֪ǳ
ǾͺãһҾͽĻλ÷ֲͼ㣬סҪ︴ӵĵκͻظԷɱˣΪʤ̵档
ף
ĽصͷŶٰ׺Ͷתȥˡ
ĪаʱҲ֮Уﳤسһ


686 Ĵγ齱
Ԫ氲ȫػصӪأûк˵Īа飬һøѹԪôЩ򵥡
ĪаĵĺԼĺôⶼֵ˼顣
صԼӪ֮УʱѾҹԪԸ˴ź󣬸ոãǱϵͳʾĳ齱ʱ͵ˡ
һ³齱ʱ䵽Ƿʼȡ
ʼ
ϵͳת̳֣ԪĲ鿴Ʒ
Լܻһ꣬Ҳ˵Լĳ齱пܳ£Ժûлˡ
⻹Ҫмβܳ⣬ÿһεĳ齱ܿǻԪһˣء
һεĳȡƷһ㣬Լڴľ澭ɽһĽƷûг֡
ʣĽƷԻԪİǺܴЩʧֱȥȡ󽱡
ǴͬҲûгȡǳȡһġ
Ԫһĵģ͸ˣΪɣûһġ
Ȼǲģ͸ȵĽģԪõ˽ƷϱȻһ£ЦһʱԼģҲ֪ûлϡ
սȻòˣʹսôҲǻһ;ĵôҲǺܴˡ
ҲԣպԼַɵҲǲġ
˵δַѡԪҲ￼ǹ飬ʱֻû˭ԴԼ¡
˴ӵ̫ǳһЩ书ҲԷڡ
书ǲˣǴҲⷽɵλãԸһЩеƵĿǲġ
һƻպϣ书ﵽԲҵδĦõʱҲˣҲãֻǲ֪ǲطʼҵݣд۲졣
һ󣬵ڶεĳ齱ֿʼˡ
Ԫ濴һۣͷ϶ЩҲ֪ʲôӣȻεĳ齱ûиһĶһһµĳ齱ȫ˷ѵˡ
õĶһöѧ߼ѧһ黨ָ
ѧԼûˣκһĳѧΪмѧԼҲûʲôһĸ߼ѧԼҲûˡ
ֻгѧܶԼʵӰ졣
ֻһöѧʱںϳɸ߼ѧǳˡ
޾ɵصһ³ȡϵͳԶת˼ȦȻһͷ䵽һָ档
ȡַǷʹöĲܣ
Ԫһ£Ȼһַ
æ鿴һöָͼʾһ覵İָԴڴĴָϵģȥʲôرֵǮһȺΪļֵߡ
ǼȻǷһͬģԪȻȥĲֱѡ˷
ȡ˽Ʒ֮󣬻Ԫ鿴һ
Ľģıʯʲô챦ʯʯĸ̡ҹȵȣⱦȥʱбٵĿܡ
Цһ£ϵͳĽеʱ򲢲ϷУ̫ĶϣΪɽǵǮ̰īѽ
һԪֿ˿Ǹָ
ɴаָΨһ߻õֵӵӵ
һʲôԼӳɣǾһص㣬Ѿʤǧı
Ԫĵģһεķɲܷڣⲻˣֵָ֮ӾͻԶӵɣһԼĵͲˡ
ֻҪԼԸ⣬ǽַɵλôֵͽԶֵҲʲôԹԡ
Ȼ˿ܻһЩ΢ʣǲڻԪĿ֮С
ŽƷȡϣһµĳ齱ͽˣԪ汾Ϊ齱ˣҪϢһµʱϵͳʾٴ
С齱ʱ䵽Ƿгȡ
Ԫһ£ȻСˣԼѾˡ
Сһγ齱ûʱ̫æˣʮʱ䶼ڵ·϶ȹԪʱ䣬ˣҲ֪Сꡣ
˵˼ڼ̿սˣ¹궼֪ˣ˭ǵС갡
ɺĻԪʱ˾ɽˮ·һ壬Ϊ齱ôˣû뵽λᡣ
æɰָպãȻʲôսȫΪֵıȥϵͳĶ϶Ƕһ޶ģģαġ
ȷ˷ѡͽЩ
պԺСĳ齱Ҳʼˡ
ϵͳתٴγ֣Ԫɨһ½Ʒʱ¶˷ܵĹâ
Ϊϵͳ˾澭ľʷǰسһö߼ѧ
ǿٵͷһˣǰһöмѧûԪ˷ܸ죬û뵽һֱӸ˸߼ѧ
ĿǰԪͽղ嶼Ѿø߼ѧΪѧˣɹ书нָֺԼơ
˽ղ壬־Ͳ迼ˣҲ˷ѡ
ƺָ֮䣬Ԫ滹ָһЩϾһűȽʵõԶ̴ֶΣƣԺҲﲻƵҲ迼ǡ
ǻԪҲǾᣬΪ澭ľҲǱҪõĶԪ׵ķ
˹ؼʱˣԲͯӹ׼ԲıڤΪҪ֧ŵ㣬෴ǿľ澭Ԫζõľ
Ȼڶľ澭ҲǺǿڶҪǿ̫ˣֻеõԪشﵽһʷǰĶ㣬һҪǿˡ
ԺԪ滹Ǿȡ澭ϾָԼİҲû
ȷѡĿ֮󣬻ԪСļųȡĲ衣
׵ļ㻹ҪһֱȥֻһλԪرģΪܾܿԼһγȡĻˡ
һεĳ齱ҪرСģΪ͸߼ѧ֮ĲֻһӣһŪÿܾʹˡ
˺һ󣬻Ԫһҧѡ˳ȡ
ϵͳĹɿس˳ȥʼתת
תһȦ֮󣬻ԪԽַٵתнĿԡ
չĹԼ㣬ǰֹͣ
֮ԺӵĿԾ޴
ӣһƬؽ
зֱǣ澭ľѾ߼ѧ
ƽ齱ĻԪҲˣۻκһ֮ˣȡʲô
սڼûһεĳȡˣԪܲš
ʹȡĻľжϣ֮Ҳ澭ġ
ֻѡϣʧ
ۿŹһǰԪȥƷĳȡˣɴͱ۾ˡ
оʱʹĺԪȵЩͷʱϵͳʾ


687 յô󽱺ϵͳͷ
ϵͳʾʱ򣬻Ԫб䣬첻Ȼľͳȡ˸߼ѧ
ѵôҪԼƾָȥԿȺ
ãһ书ޱ֮ľȻԼѾܲˣǺЩǿֱȻǲ˲ٵġ
ȡ߼ѧǷʹöĲܣ
ȻǺ⣬ǻԪ滹ǲø߼ѧȥĲģֻѡ
ε۾Ԫ׼ȡƷֻϵͳת̹âһȻֳһµĽƷ
Ԫһ׹ԭ컹һγ齱ء
һ³齱ûеõͽˣһСȡĵһΣ֮еڶء
һ˿ϣԪ濴ϵͳת̡
ҪһԪ涼һ㶣üһԼҪĶһγˣ
ղûгȡľ澭ٴγ֣һн۵Ľɽһֶˡ
Ԫ˷֮ҲеƣͲܽЩöֿԼһȥȡƫƫҪһ֣ⲻԼѡ
۵ǺǰڴģϾ۵ϵͳֵĶǿģֵʱʹﵽ׼Բʵ
ϴںȣǸ̵һս֮󣬽۵ųƶĴߣǵõһЩۿžҪԲˣҲԼʵ
ʱĽ۵õ˽пܾʹ˳ΪʵĶȴʥţħҪǿ
ԺһսûԪԼˣ۵ҲԹĲսˡ
Ǿ澭ҪѾظˣԪҪ
оǸɽġ֡
˵ֻѡһĻֵԲھ֮£й֮
뵱ϵͳԼʾɽ龰ԪмҪԽѧĽˡ
ǳսǱȽ϶ģ澭Ҳܲѡ
ܹսӵ֮ĻͺˣԪš
¾սôã̵ܺܶʱͽˣôԼҲûг齱Ļˣ¸ź
ڻԪͱѡ
ϸز鿴һϵͳתͼ˵Ӧȥȡ󽱣ΪϾλᡣ
ǼĿǰ齱ܿһˣзյԪ治
Ҵ󽱵ԱߣȫһЩͨͨĽһŪþҪѪ޹ˡ
澭ԱߣǸһӣɽ֡
Ŷھ澭ǰ棬ҲǸһӣǽ۵Ľ
ջҪѡΪصġ
Ԫԥһ£ȥȡ澭ϾʱֹĸȥԸԪҲΪԼĿǰʵܹͶ⡣
õ澭ʰһЩССϺǲˣֻҪȽԷϺзɵôһӵϵȺŹҲǸѡ
ȷҪȡĽ֮󣬻Ԫ澭㣬ʼ˳ȡ
дʵֹţϵͳϵͳ֪ƶɮ㲽裬ʼʱĶ࣬ǵ˺һβһΣѵܶҵ˼𣿾Ͳۣܿƶɮһ𣿡
ֻҪγɹˣƶɮһԸµһɺ⣬һ̵սƶɮͽˣҲˣǺôʱˣһЩİɣ
ϴôãƶɮûйҲпͰɣûпҲƣͰɣûƣ͡ûƣͻҪɧˣͿۣȱɣ
Ԫɮһ߶߶ģʵ¹شûʱѽ
ҲǻԪ߶ˣҲϵͳڿˣҲǲ׵ļڹؼʱһΣǹΡΡػ˰죬ڻԪĵע£ͣ˾澭ľ棡
Ҫͣ
ԪĶҪɤĳˣҪǰһԼĴҵҪˣǰǿһŰ
ͣˣûмǰȵվסˡ
ϵͳʾûԪİ
ȡ˾澭ľǷʹöĲܣ
ԪĹͷҡĺͲ˹Ĳ࣬ĲģҲģ̾ͷ
ϵͳʾٴ𣺡ѡ˷С齱ǷȡƷ
ȡ
һâϵͳת̰Ʒ˻ԪС
һǸ߼ѧһǻԪľ澭ľ
Ԫ涼Ҫˣ澭ԼԽͳȡˣһֱȫõ֣̫ˡ
׼򿪿ʱϵͳ
ɫ䣬ΥҸϵͳͷ
Ԫһ˼ûˣ㶵ϵͳԼĵˡ
ϵͳһǻ۵ģһӹɣԼȽҹ飬ˣǾ޷ϵͳ
ͷһʲôͷأ
ҪͺãҪջؽͺãʹҪջأҲҪһսԺջذɣȻ澭ԼûʲôζأǾ̫ϧˡ
ϵͳʾ飺Ϊƽ䣬ϵͳ꿪ʼ۳ʮγ齱ĳͷ
ʮγ齱
ԪͶҪˣʮΣԼʮγ齱Ļ
Ϊÿγ齱λᣬϵͳһʼԪڵγȡµγȡµγȡµγȡԼԺĶڳȡ³ȡ۳ƶȴ꿪ʼִУ
Ԫһһ㶵ģæϵͳʵĳȡ᲻У
ƶȴӳһʼִУͽڵĳ齱޹ء
ϵͳʾԪǳسһ
һ̹ƴ򲻵ԪڣǸʱĳ齱۳Ҳܴ
ʹ齱ܲ˳֧ŵ˵ء
Ҳȷһ飬ǾԼ໹һεĳ齱ˣǾĳȡԺĳ齱ǲָˡ
Ƚҹһ飬ĺǻԪʼϲġ
鶼ˣԪҲӱܣֻǽʵ
ԴӴԽͰԼϵͳҲ쵽뿪Լʱˡ
ȻҲԼ겻ϵͳ񣬳׵뿪
ϵͳʾ˻Ԫ飬ͳ׹ڳֻеʱŻٴγˣҲԺ
ԪҲϵͳˣֱ˾澭ĵľȽڹķ˵
Ԫʴ澭ľҲûö೤ʱ䣬ʱ֮󣬾澭ĵľѧɣ
ںܾúܾûа㶯ľӭһʱ̣ڶ̶ʱڣڶ壬һԾΪڶ
˿̣Ǿ澭ǻԪõ˾޴ı仯ţѾɱ䵽ֱװ˻Ҫһľ޴ţ
תĽɫâԪ鼤ǿԼģԼˣ
ɣ˵ڹҲԶԶԼˣʹ̵ĶϣҲͺԼ˰ɣ
һ뵽Ľǵڹһ뵽Ǹʹû챦ĴϣԪﻹûס
ҪǾ澭ǿһͺˣܴﵽԲľ磬Ԫ͸ҳಲͰĽ㲫ɱ


688 ǿҹ͵
ԪŽ澭ǿĿһ䵽ĸ߼ѧ档
Խ߼ѧΪѧһӹɵģǰԪģ⹦ʽûڹ
澭ϸ˵ʵڹֻ̺˺ܶѧİء
ڹĻǻһʲôأ
Ԫһ¾ͼ߼ѧ̷ȥ
̷ϵͳʾ𣺡ø߼ѧһѧ
澭
Ԫ˵仰Ժϵͳûش
һ룬Ҳһ룬ô̶̵һ˲䣬Ԫ͸оԼѾ̥ǵı仯
ղž澭ѾһΣڶֱһԽڶ塣
һεĿԽȸֱӿԽǶģ׼Բ磬ͬգֱԲĶ壡
ûԪûпҲûиоԲĶ壬Ĵڣ
ԭϺȵľ澭εѾΪ˻ԪĿǰǿڹ
Ƚҹ֮ԵͯӹԼıڤ񹦣Ŀǰھ澭ǰμˡ
һڹԪѾԺ໨硢Ǹĸֿˣ
ټԲͯӹ׼Բıڤ񹦺󣬻ԪǸߵס
ں֮󣬸ܷӳһһڶս
ڵΪ˽ɫϢ£ɫıڤֻռ˴Լ˷֮һҵĳ̶ȣʣĲ֣ȫǾͯӹĴ֮
ԭԪΪ澭ΪԲôֱܴﵽףû뵽ֱԲ壬õһηţֱѾﵽװңҪӽˣ
ûԪ쳤Хĳ嶯
һ仰ݣǾǴûиоôùûôˬ
ϵˬҪϵˬӵǿʵоһжϣˬ
̶ֳȵӦѾܹͰĽߴǸĸӲƴˣԪţ
շźͰĽһнֵĽʵԼڣǸҲ࣬Ԫ汾Ը˻ûģһȫһˡ
ԼһȻڶ࣬ԲսҲвˣǷȱľĸ֡
ͬݣ˶һӮϣʹֽһսʤģǸ̶ֵȡ
һԪһֱиССĽᣬԼΪ书ѹ˵ĻôҲ̤ʵ
ڲͬˣԼľ澭֮ѾΪ˼ʵĵһ֣ȺҲ˳ˡ
ҪǣҲһεԼıᣬֻҪ㹻ʵ޾һеʵô˸ԼȻҲܴˡ
˷ܵӪ֮ȥ־޴ϲûԪ漱ȥһ˷йһ£һ¡
Ҫ˵ĻȽҹʣϾ˵ĹϵҲΪܡ
Ƚҹڣôֻȥ໨ˡ
ո׼߳ӪʣԪͣ˽Ų
Ƚ¸໨߶綼ǲ̫ʣϾﻹìܣԼǱֳ˺˭һЩôǶһε˺
ȥĵˣ֮仹ܺýһЩ
߳ӪʣԪ뵽˰á
ˮԼǰ񶫷һĸ߰Ҳ໨һߣΪԼ˵ͬʱһҲԼҵĹɡ
һİ㣬ԪҲ
ΧһۣΧĸӪʣÿӪ涼һŮӣԪ沢֪һӪʡ
óȻ߽˵ӪʾͲˣԪĿĴ˿һӡ
ӪصĺĵΪŮԵĴڣܱߵӪʾﶼһξ룬ʹмʲôҲΧ̫ע⡣
ԪЦЦԼš
⣬ԪԺɫķˡ
ﵽ߲㾳ķ⣬гȻɫ쳣ÿҲ㹻ˡ
Ӫмɢҹĺڰ˻ԪӪʣҲΧӪʶˡ
Ԫ˷֮۾ΧļӪɨ衣
ֹܾˣһԾӪŮǡ
ȻһӰȳӪ֮УԪŷ⣬ÿԿӰ
ԼߵļˣԪ涼ǳϤˣһӪϵӰӣ໨
ԪûֿԱߵĵڶӪʡ
һεӰӰӪʵĲϣǶ磬һʲô·߱¶
Ԫ水»˼ֽĿͶ˵Ӫʡ
ǵӪȻû˹ۿԪһ£żﻹеĸӪʣæܵһ档
ĸӪԼӪʵĺ棬ǿģֻƹܿԪӳ£ȻӰӪʲˡ
ϸӰΪ˯߶ɢ俪ĳԪһ۾ͿԼİ㡣
ǻԪ沢ûĬĬ߻Ӫʵǰ棬ҪӦ໨Ͷˡ
Ȼһ̣໨ͶѾ˳
֮䲢û˵ʲôҲûʲôĿ⽻ǶԪ档
໨ȿڵԪ棬ʲôˣղڷ𣿡
ң
е𣿡
ûУֻҵһ˰춼ûҵԲŵһ¡
绹ǺĵģæʲôҰһҰɡ
Ŷˣҳʱŷ֣ԭҼǴˣǶҵӪ档
̲ס˻ԪһۣôСһŪ˼ҵġ
ԪٺЦţûʲôǴս٣ҵЩŰɣ໨ǵˣǹⲻȥ
ֻеһˣǻͻԪһжԷڣͲˣ˼ǲԼͬתӪʡ
Ԫ̬Ŷ˻ȥԺ󣬲ޱת
תԺ󣬻ԪԴûйĸߣһĳ嵽λԼӪʡ
ȻӪʣǾǲƥģҼ˹ܸߣҲη庮䣬ⲼƥҲţֻһˡ
Ԫ˿ûԥֱƿ˲߽Ӫ֮С
氲Щŵش˭
ŲͿѹͣԪоЩ֣ںڰ֮УҲûȥֱ˰ĴߣƾŸоĽԱߣƾоץסǻС֣㣬ѽһϢ
СƺЩͬҲЩ㡭ʲô
ڰ֮п尲ĽգԪסĽһ¾ԼĻ棺㣬Ǿ˵𣿡


689 
Ԫо˶ĲΪΪӪ֮Уı˷ֵԭ
ڶ˵ĹػԪ潫㱧ḧĳ㣬㲻Ҫţֻ˵˵췢һĺ£Ҹ˷ѡ
㡭ֻ˵˵
ǵȻ㻹һôãҲûô𡣡
ԪȻ˵ţõͽԼԼҲ˵ĸ޷ĵزȻνˡ
ֱ΢΢һԪסм˵˴ϣӿԼؿڣһǴȵıӣ˵Ӹס
յĺ䱻˱ѵ棬Ԫͯӹ;ȶӰߵ£ҲӰߵ˶γһůʵĿռ䡣
ĽŤ˼£ǻԪֱ붯ҲǶ˵ġ
Ԫ治֪ĵԹԵ˵
㣬ڳɹˣҽڳɹˣһжϣˣ
ͣһ£һ䣺ʲôɹˣ
㻹֪ɣҪͷ㽲ʵӦøˣֻһֱûкʵĻѡ
ԪͽԼĺ֪˵ϢɽѩˣԷָԼֻһ¸˰á
ñŤҲͣˣ˻Ԫֻһʱ򣬸Ӷһ˵𣿡
ûô˵á
˶ƺЩǿôأ˵˫ûдô໹µ𣿡
Ļ˵Ӧġ
ǿɲУԭϵϣʲô⣬ôȫˣҲΪҡأ
ԪЦһ£ĺˣҾԲǣҵˣģҪͷϣҪúõػš
ġ
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ó˼һ£ڻԪĻص˵ͷ˵Ҳû飬ûʲôвˡ
ѽҾһֱΪ˽ŬţƴԼʵڽ죬ڸղţһ޴ͻˣ
ʲôͻƣ
ٺ٣˵Ҳ鷳ҾôɣҵʵõһϵķԾûйͻƣڵĹȵϴǰһ࣬˵ǲһֵص飿
ͻһôģǲǴﵽˣ
ŵľּæѹΨֱһ
ɣ⣬ڵĹʹ棬Ҳǳ͵ģұϣˣ㣬ǿ϶ԶһʱģǸʱԶˣ
Ԫ漤˵Ż֮תͷŰõ
ڰ֮У߲ǻԪϡֱܹ氲õӣԼİû覣Ӱ˳
һȣϵĽԼδϣûԪַſ࣬ǰһ̽ͷԽס˰õӣ
û뵽Ԫͻأľ˹һʱǸţʱһ˫ֱѾĽ䱧ס
ôĽôΣԲȻûһ˿ĵֿ֮
ԪڹǿԺӲƴͳϴһأһ˳ž˫ıȽѾû˶֣οһͲǿŮӡ
õģֿҲõģȵͷ˿أĶС౻˱˹ȥ
ǻȵϢĿǻģɻģôĴˣ
΢ŤǴ̼˻Ԫ棬ûͯӹ˼Ҳ࣬ܰ˵̬ԪǸоͷһͽ˶ѹ¡
Բη庮䣬ֻһС£ŮҵĶǶˡ
ĸʼѹؿڣԪסǺ촽ȴ˰׵Ľ
ֲֵƿ½󣬴ͻȻϮϡ
õСͼֹȴûκε赲ãľȫҲԺǸĴַֺһסԼĽء
ȴؿڿʼӣһһѹֵں洫˳
ò׻Ԫ˿ڣæҪǡ
ָǿ˼춹ûгڵĻʻ˶棬Ƿһɹǵ
һֻҲûţһҲϮϣֱʵһߵĸߵأˣؿڵĽѾȫݣΪ
УҪܲˣǡ
ڶͼ˵ʲôʱĺ촽ٴα¡
ȵϢٴεĳǰԵĴ̼һڳ񾭣ǹɴûиоůˬѾ鲼ȫڷͷԽ˿հס
ΨһܹõСشļû飬ʹȫ
ϧѾ˳ĻԪӵԲɴƵķþȫĴ˵ͬӶҧࡣ
ƾãͲ壬оۣ۽Ƕʪˣǹڰĵֿ־һ˿˿Ĵڳߡ
һʪĸоؿڴǿСӣ洫΢΢ʹӶ׵Сץļ㲻Ҫ
˲Ϊر۾ͬݣ֪ˣôֱȥˡ
Ҳ벻ףôʱʹ̼ѾľͷԶôˣ΢ŤӣҲֻһЩܵĶ
֪˶ãЩʱֻоһ
ЩСºͶǶѾ뿪ԼӣõѾ¶˿֮С
ȻЩڰȴԪȴϡֱǰõһС
㻹ûһ˿覴ãûԪ治ڻʹʱһС
͸Ӧõ˲ժʱ˰ɡ
˫ٴĸȥŷ֬ġ
ոද£ԪͻȻоֵĵط΢΢Щ
ţʲô
ԪЩɻḧԴ֮
ŷ֬м䣬һŮҵ֮
ΪʲôôϤأ
ԪסǿôôԼؿڴһ顣
ǰ͸Լģ滹һá֣˵ĶԼؿڡ
Ҳһ֣Ԫ滹Ϊǰûһ飬ǸոϸһԪʱסˡ
Ϊ棬Ȼһ֣
ʱԪʹסˣֽһƬѾʶԼĴ
һ


690 ɵǻۼ
һǻ۽ǣΣͷгϵ뷨ͱ֣ԪʵˣڹؼʱŤתǬ
¹ȻʲôͷҲΣͷˡ
ЩԺˣһѹоԼ֪ǰˣôҲǲġ
Ԫɲʲô÷Ŀ飬໨ͶԶʦ֮ѾûԪޱͷˡ
ҽеʲô죬ûԪˡ
µΣԪóȻתȥô˵Ѿµǰ
Ԫ浹ǿһ֮ǰպԼأ
һѡǾǻԪʹȥһֱðöԴǲĻ˼ҵӣŪװûϳˣպҲӣ̾սĹؼʱ̣ʹˣҲˣȥ
Լ԰£Ҳɵ
µΨһ취ӲͷƤŵס
ԪıȽȫ棬ʱŷȫôһˡ
Ϊľϵı仯֪µ˶ԼĴӣҪȥϵĴ̼˸йϵĴ̼
óȻֲͣУԪӲͷƤӣ˶
ѾЩԪĴ̼ʼʱҶԵģķ־׵ػ壬Ȼ֪ôֱģŮҵѾˣŤˮһӣƶһĶţһ˿ӭϵζ
ץסǷ֬ŵʱ򣬻Ԫ氮ֵͬʱҲô³ˡ
ͻȻȥУǾҪһʵĽڡ
װװˣ϶УԪ⸱Ѿݣ˶һ׵顣
װԼûǷ
ͷڻԪԺһ̱ˣװãһպ˱ȥǿһ̧ͷġ
һˣʱҪ˳ˮ۵ĽˣǻԪΪ˴룬ǲô
˵һлǵˣ˼һѾ⡣
˼ʱ䣬ҲûţѾŪĽ˿һ˫۽סĲӣ֪ںηˡ
ǻԪ沢û̲ȡжרֱѾĽ½ʱ򣬻Ԫ֪ˡ
˷ƽȻȥӵһߡ
۾رţһԵһ㣬ȴΪʱز˵ԼǰĻôһҲûԪˡ
ҲֻнʹȥˣºνѾǰڵ˼ά׵ˡ
һ̵ֻĴŮĵطܵͦ֫˫ֵָ׶̽˻ԪļƤ֮С
Ԫָ£ȴͻȻͣڰĶôˣô֮֮ࣿ
ؼʱ̵ֹͣðˣ֮лظһ֮ɫ
ǻԪˣλش
ҰҲûʲô飬˵ĵҲ˵ס
Ԫʱڤ˼״һͻȻʲôһˣһǰǸ˰ɣѽǵģΪʲô˵֪㲻㣬˵ʲôҲ˵ġ
һ£û뵽ԪȻֱܷ飬½νͣ
˵ǲǣȴͻȻ뵽˳Ļ˵ȥǿԱյ֮·
뵽ѵص˵ͷҡֻǲʧѡ
ҵɵ㣬ǿãˮɣҲ飬ǾԲʱ̣ĺˣյΪֹǻеǻᡣ
˵Ԫֱɵ˰ߣ֪ʱֱ̲뿪볣ֻͣǽ⻬ߵ㣬ҲˣվϢһ£ԹԵĲҪҶ
ûй·˯ľο˵Ļһ˵αŤˣٶĻҲֻܹԹԵıڶԶ˵ȥġ
һַѾˣǻһ̬ɴ굽˻ԪĻԪ棬лл㡣
лҸʲôһҪллҵİء
ԪЦЦͷסӣ
Ī̬֮£Ҳ˻ȥһԸ²һŪûԪ漸Ҫˡ
òѹͷ𣬻Ԫ潫㣬˯ɣˣϰ֮ѵϢʱս㾫Ҫġ
Ͳ̵ҹ͵Ϯ
£ƶɮз汣ӣҲҲҵͷϡ
̬滺һ㣬һҲ̲סЦ㻹˼˵汣ӣҿҲδػᱣˡ
Ԫ΢΢ЩΣЦһ£㲻ˣ컹أаߣҵĻ
һﻨģƽʱȻǲмһ˵ģڲһˣղŶ˵ȣѾ˴֮ľˣ̬Ҳһ˿ı仯룬ľͱϳã֣ܲƺҲһܻ顣
׿˻Ԫļϣ۾ﾹȻƽظԪţ˼Щģ
ԼãҹһֱȥôԼôأ
ղû֣ͣôԼڿѾˣôĽôأ
ϵûû뵽ȻΪԼķӦˣôû顣
û뵽һϣԼȻõǰ档
ʱԼһҪʱҲᷢһЩʲôͬɣҪҪһʾҲһЩȻ³Ϊ֮ԶصСأ
ţоȻһ˿⣬Բ˵Ƿǳġ
Ļ˰ء
ػؿڣ䵽ǿСáֵϡ
õ壬ԼؿҲһ飬ΨһĲͬһ֡
뵽뿴Լؿڡ
ֻԼţܵදҲȥˣֻ뿴ǿ
һͷžط֣ԪְԼؿûָǿĦţ
һ̣ͻȻ԰ֽ
ԭˣԭˣѾ֪Լ˭ˡ
ĵһӦĻһ£ոҪʱ򣬻ԪֱͻȻ˽ؿද£Ȼͷڰӣһ£㣬ԹԵ˯ʲô鶼ûˡ
ովۼһ仰ķɵ˾⣬»ص˼֮С
ǰ˵öԣΨһİ취û
ӣ˲·ıһĺ


691 սĻ
ԭ̣׼ĻǱȽϵλģ뵽ɽ֮УԵĶˡ
׼õĸ⸬ˮؾ׽ţȴ䵽ߵĽϡ
ã֮һЩӦġ
ԼһģһĽЩȻ
ôûмӣǻʧ񣬽ҲӦҲ֪ʲô
òرİһŮʱͻĪĴ״̬ͺڽ
һüͷһ¶һ˿ɵЦԽȷԼĸо
𣿻˭أ
ڳ˳ֺоǽֺп϶ˣЩɫɫĽ
õĿΧɨһȦü΢΢ЩʲôĶУȴûһܹۣôûһϽ㡣
ҰõҲԸȥϲˣΪãõﻹڴԶͽһġ
ǰòûпȥѯʣö̫֮˽ˣ϶ὫԼģͺԼͻԪ飬󴫵˽ĶҲ˵ȥġ
ΪصĲù˼ϻ۵á
Һ˵ҲЩ㣬ֻǾ˵ö֮ԣ˼

Ԫ˿ûܵӰ죬Űɵɵȥ˵黹̯Ƶʱ
⵵⣬ԪҲ˾ȵ̵֮һҪһý֡
Ѿһ¶ʮˣǱ߻ûжλò
ǲԪǿɲܼȴˣȴһ죬ΣվͶһ֣ǵȵ֮󣬿ʲôˡ
ԻԪڳԷʱ;ˣһͶ̷һĹ
ĹƻںͼҪоУǸ򣬻𹥣˭˭ԮǱ밲ġ
ԪָŲƻ˵սˣǾǼڲȴǷھǺͶԷƴʱ䣬һҪڶ֮ǰ̡
˵꣬Ԫһͼ̵ֽһ۲ͼ
̽ĺأеĽʩλڵ£ʱǾҪڵضҲˣǰĵǾڣ󲿶Ӹ޷ͨУʹԲȥҲǺѵģԷնأɽͻƲʵΨһص·Ǵͨ
ʱԱߵԷҲǿ׼һ㣬Ծڣҹƽ֮ĵһܸӣһؿ϶ٲ˵ģڰ⵽Էİ㡣
ڼһ֮ڵĵηֲͼ֪˵İڻضʲôطҲҪ֪ԷЩֵľֹǶԷᣬҲ첻ȥʱֲˣֻȳԹڣʵ
Ա໨ͶҲڣʱҲͷҲûа취İ취ˣֻҪעһ㣬ǾǶԷʵǿǲκεĴ⣬ĳһ칥ǲȡģ˫ʵԱ࣬һʧ֣ôս־пܸı䡣
ԣƶɮһνϺһʦң໨ں󷽸ѹ󣬷ֹԷ͵Ϯ
໨ûпڣԪ沢չǣһܹؼǼжµģ˴֮ӦûĬһЩ
ǵ໨ͶǲõģҪһȥ¸ʲôĬԡ
һƷ׷׵ͷɰš
ǺãȥѡֵӣʵﵽڲУɵһεĹݣҹƶԷȻзǶĹؼʱ̣ǿ϶ܽȫ˶ڣԷرǿٺõĻҲҪ˲ݲУȻǾ赲סǵġ
ԪڵĻҲЩǣڲ˵Ҫҹľ
ͷһתȥȥټʿˡ
һεս¹ԭֵһ˶̵ģһ㣬ҲĸԸӷɵİţΪսĻĴ϶֮صġ
һȥ󣬻Ԫʱ俴Աŵİһۡ
ıֻȻʼռסûпԼûðûɵԼͷϡ
˴ν̣ǽҲҪսأԪŰᾡĻָ״̬ġ
˴ԼʱѾѡ׳ʿۼһȴԪ
˴ԼһǧԪʣ߰ɴ󲿶ӣӪصλǰơ
ӪֻߣЩ̰ջԪķԸӪ׳ʿɵ첿ӿ·£һ·ɽȥ
һ·Ҳû̵Ϯţһֱ˰ͷɽɽ̵ֻۣ̳вǧ׵ľ롣
Ԫ濴˿λã˷Ը͵Ӫ
֧ܿҲͬоǽʲôô鷳ģǽڶʿ˵ǿ
ʰһУʱҪӽˡ
¡ʱڣͷɽɽۻѩж߶ͨɽֻǴ粽С
ԪѡЩ˹㹻붼ڣṦǲףѩ֮Ҳƽء
ȻԪԸӪˣǴҶ׼ˣʱ׼֧Ԯǵǰ沿ӣҪעҪע͵ϮǿԷ󲿶ӳ֣ôҪǰսҷɳ󲿶ӺǾһսʱûԲֻǲܴ⡣
˷׷׵ͷʾˡ
ɣ˹ٺٵĶԻԪЦţ磬㿴СҴѩԭģһôҲҪҵһݰں濴ѽ
ԪЦɣһۣɣֵܣ㲻õģһеشˣֻ򶼲ˡ
ģս̣ҲԲһģԲڶˣ
ɣظ׾ģ»Ԫ治Ļᡣ
ԪЦŰ˰ֵ֣ܷģ϶ģǲڣǺصġ
˻Ԫı֤ɣŷһЩ˳ָָǱߣǸڴţѴ𣿡
ԪҲɽ۵Ǻڣ뵽ｨ̣ﲻô򵥵ģƶɮţ¾ûдƵĶΪ书һҾȥԿļܱܲȵֵɽţ
ɣҲ֪һЩµ飬ֵĺܶཨǼܱƻģ˵Ƿ񼣣Ҫ˵䣬ͻȻȵ۾ָǰ磬㲻ô鷳ˣ㿴Ǹſˣ
ԪҲˣֻǸڴ˿ڻſſ֮¶ڶһƬ
һʲôΪʲôûԼһԷڣ
׼ӭԼһ룿ǴһճǼ


692 Īа
̵չſֱ˵˴һͨЩԥˡ
Щֽѵʿ۷׷ס
϶ģôͻȻſأܽȥ
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ԪߵһʱҲ׼˵˼ˣ֪ǲǼƣֻܽĿ䵽˻Ԫϣǵŷ⡣
ԪüڣҲʮȷԷͼ
ԼЩԵĵһѹأδڳȥԸͻȻʵˣȴΪѡ
Ԫ֪һ㣬ǾǲǲǼƲߣԼһȥΪʹǾһսҲǲɱҪȥ
ȻⳡսԱˣΪʲôֱӽȥ͵أ
ΧʿδػôˣһΪԷⲻ֪ʹսɱȥѵܱ
ҳȥʱͻȻһڻԪĶ
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Ԫһ£ΪһԲĸָԼˣȻĪа
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Ԫһѣʱֻ˵ܴǵĹǡ
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Ԫ涨һǰĪа׷ˣǶٰ׺Ͷӡ
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Ӷ˻׷ɱĪаȴͻȻԶѹѹһƬӰǳڵĻԪǡ
໥һٰۣһҧͻȻһ˺ѷεĺУ
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ԪҲûʲôǣһ֣Ҹҳ壬ֱɱȥ
µһ𷢺ǰȥ
ӶȻԲθٶֵĳٰһѪֹߵĪаȻͺͶӶܣ˲ʧ˺ڰ֮С
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ͷˣǰĽ㡣
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Ľһӣ̵һſڳļƣҲЦһ䣬ҪԲˣҹˣûôˣҪ֪нգҾӦðɵ
˵հĽͷĶٰ׺ͶӣҪ֣бҵ˾ͽˡ
ٰ׺ͶӶ˵ͷĿԪ߿ܿԼĶ֡
ٰ׿ŵӿŵһơ
ԪҲߵ˷ԸȫԸǺ滹Ԯ֪濪սһ֧ܿԮȡʹֱˮ
˺ȻӦǧ棬Ϊһս˽ǰõƴʱˡ
˫Լͬͬʱˣͨڣʼɱ
˵ĵһսڴˡ


693 VSĽ
ͨڵսǱȽͻȻģ˫ڶûʲô·붥סԷĵһȻȴԮ
Ԫٶ˽ͨ滹кܶͬ顣
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ѪħԽʮƣһһͣһоƴͨڻζ
һһƺͶӶҲ֣Ĺ΢һЩԲʱ䶼
ʤѪӰ񹦵ٶȺͻ棬һƵҲǳصģ콣裬̴һһĻ롣
Щʿ̵˲ɱһţƽʱеĻĶʱҲɾˣǻս
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һ˸ͨڵĺڰɢԪ˫Ʒý⣬µ˫Ƴ֣Ƶĵʽص˹
Ľ˫ֱ̧ӭȻԼУôͲضˣһʮᣬƾôûֻҪ㿿ң͸һ
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ڶζԺ䣬еȵһλҪСܵһιӰˡ
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Ǿ䡰ڡȥƺǿɱС
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Ԫ滹дŲƵʹãĽûС
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ĽߵУǼǺʹһĴڣܻܣԼЩʲô
һߵǻ裬̫ǿˣȻԷĵһֺǽȥȥԼһӮˡ
ֻлԪû̫ȻԼĲ֣ӮһЩƣǽƾЩͻɱĽ㣬Ǹǲܵġ
ȻƬ̵ļž֮󣬰Ľ彥رˡ
ֽͻȻſǽڳŵķѣ
ٵأĽĿڣƫƫ˫Ŀ𣬴صشضŻԪ棺СУϷ͹ˣ
ӷ㲻ǵ͹ƶɮǸ߹Լɽв˳ݺµʱѾȥˣĽ㣬ɣ֣վЩУ
𣿿Ϸԣ
ĽѾķˣȻղ˵ˣʱҲ𵴵Ѫ˻ѸײڶŻԪٴγ˹
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ŷİĽ㣬ԪȻ壬˫һһϣһֱ׵ľ޴źճ
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ԪҲǷ˺ˣֱӷųֱﵽ׵
޴һİĽҲǲòӲֹסΡ
ͺһڷʱȴƫƫòйһĽ㲻ǿһ֮ȻܲȡϮİ취ǹѾ˲١
һԪҲ׵Ըģƶž޴Ԫһҳ壡
·ԪԭʿȻԱߵˣڻԪѸٵǰȥ
תʯǰͲ涼ԽӽԪںȻҲ⡣
ǻԪ޵УԲĹ򲻶ȻηЩʯƾЩʯͬһϾͱ÷飬Ǹ֮һ·˸ҵǰɱȥ
ĽػսûЧûлԪôǿķЩʯӰģʹʯȥֻҲܷȫսⲻ˻ҪԪŷݡ
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ȫ泷ˣԪʹһĳȥҲţԼܹ漣һĴƵ˵ķߣվͺͶԷһܾս
ܵúܿ죬һ˵ľͷԭ˵˲׷ֻǸԪƽ
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һ£ۼƻûеǿѹѾûԪغֹͣˣ


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ۿĽԼȫԪ֪һαʵˣԼҲҪˡ
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ȻϵϬһָֻǵֵס˻ԪһƣûԪ鲻֣֮仹ûǸ
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Ԫ涼ûʲôӦͿǵâԼԺ˹ȥֱİĽȥ
ûзӦ˲Ԫ棬ĽҲͬûмʱӦֻʱԻԪ棬ǵâϮԼˡ
âٶ֮죬޷ݣĽִ֮Ҳ
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ʱܣʧСԪҲͶٰ׵˾˵ͬʱһ̧֣һġָ֣
ٰ׺ͶڿٸϣͻȻԪĵġ֣ʱоһ飬ôҲ᲻ˡ
ڿзɳ۵ֱӵ棬ˤͷתؿŻԪȥȴ֪Ϊʲô
ĽͶϴʱҲƣæظҲֻܿŻԪͬ໨ԶԶ뿪
Ȼ֣Ҳûдƾ˵׷ȥĵز
ֻǱԹ˼䣬һ¶ٰ׺ͶӶ˵ô£
֧֧˰죬˵񿴵һһʲô֣Ȼ˾᲻ˡ
һǸɮ
ϸ˽ۡ
һ˴ǻʤһսҪʧ֮ǰսʱһʮȥ˵Ҳ߰ʮˣжԱǻԪʩչʱЩʯͷ˵ģ޴󰭡
ԭһʧͱȽˣصʬ壬ٵͻӻŻȥĲᳬһˡ
Ľһ˴Цףڼֵġ
һЩΪʹʥЩɱȥҲԻԭ˵ˡ
ϷȻȥˣûʲôȶɹҪˡ
ΪĽ˵һε춯ǾǶʱֻҪֵһ죬һˡ
̵ٴνܵĲ÷ɴཫе˹һߣֻҪԭСٸǵ֮ء

ԪһɲбܽصӪ֮Ӫ֮һƬ
ܶ˶ˣû⣬ȴβ
侭˴˴սˣʾɻؼҲˣǸս
ѡ˳ĬΪ·ˣʹˣպ̵ҲŹǡ
ӪԪ沢ûпȥעҲ֪ǵ뷨ºܶ˶Լġ
Ԫϣһε׼ȷʵȫԷشԼһ޴ɱˣ֪һ㣬ֻ¾Ͳ־޴ˡ
Ҫģǽ˵˾κãʹǲܲμսˣҲΪƶǡ
ԪȥһҩһƵƺأһǹ̴壬ҿû˼ҪҪ
ǽսһԲָˡ
ʧһԱ󽫣Ԫ沢ûпپɥ˼˿Ԫ滹Ǻֹ۵ģֱԼһʤ
Ȼ֣ߵ˲롣
оͰ
󲿶ȥԮͰýУļҪߣʼЩһ춼ĲɵĽ㣬ھԮԪʱûаæ
ܶ飬;ԼӦЩʲô
Ԫʱ򣬾Сѹ̫ĶȻȥֹۣһʹɡ
໨öȥˣǻ֮Ҳûʲô飬ԼȥãҲ˵֪Ԫôġ
һǲϣߵ˵İɣǼİˣ϶ǲ˵ɥĻǻġ
ǰΪԼһȥʣԪľܽĵ׵ĻԼ˵˵ء
Ҳ֪Լģԥԥ߳Լ˻Ԫ⡣
ȥ᲻ٶԼЩأ
ԥ˺һ󣬲Ű¶ģԼȥװͿˣҲ˵ôε
˻Ԫ⣬ƿʱͻȻ𾪵һĻ
Ԫİ˸ͽܶڣұĿһš
Ԫ汾վһӵߣưͷһȵӿƬֹ֮ͣˣߵһӵǰٴεưͷһӿ
һ۾ͿˣȻǡȻڹඥ
Ҫʲô
ѵΪսûϣˣҪȫڸԼĵ
ඥǺķѾ޴ģ˸ﵽ׼ԲĵӹඥѵҪȫԲ
ʹ˸ɣҲһ˸ԲɣѵҪ
ɫ԰ףһƿ˽Ԫ棬ڸʲôס֣


696 񹦹ඥ
ððʧʧĳ˽Ԫ沢ûоȣѾо˰ˣֻûгѰˡ
ȵԪ̻ͷءꡱһ
һ£վԭЩ֪롣
еļӿԼȻûʲô˼̬ҲôˣԼǵĺһ
ҿԪӣƺҲûʲô벻˼һƽһ
ĿתһȦ䵽˻ԪΨһŮӣҲǻϡ
ƯСˣԪ沢ûиȣС
Ҳʶ䣬ϣ֪һЩϢ
仹ΪǰŮǰãЦһµʦڰǹඥһ书ʦӰģý㲻Ҫš
ĽͣϺһ£ЩεصԭҾȲˡ
˵תҪȥܻòǺܷģɴҵһ°ɣЩҪʦ
ԪҲðඥһĻʲôһһ˸ιඥһҲ
ķ˴Լʱ˸Ӷඥ
˸˱ඥ֮һ棬쳣˷ܡ
۵Ԫ۸պǬŻ۶ĸ˶ǿԼ壬л˷ܵصʦҿȥûʲôı䣬ܸоԼоûܶ˺һ
Ԫ΢ЦͷҸĸ˹ඥΪʦĳղ壬¶һ޶ı£Ϊʦ֮⣬ֻĸ˻ˡ
۵˫ĿŹصʦղķﵽʲô̶Ȱ
ǺǣҲ̫ǿԲĸ޷ƶѡ
˻ԪĻĸ˼Ҫ˷ܵԲɴƣһʲô
Բھ˵УǶһɼĸ߶ȡ
ʹǻԪļӣʦ̵ҲûǼܽԲ硣
ǵĹǾԪඥŴﵽڶģշħȦŴﵽ׼Բ
ԲɲඥʵֵģǱҪ˶ѧһмС
һʦǹٴιඥȻøˣҲΪԼʹܳΪԲˡ
һԪڹඥ֮ǰҲˣֻǸඥһѧ
û뵽ǣȻûгΪԲȻѧԲҲܴƵľ񹦣ղ壡
ż˷ܵӣĿ¶Ľ֮ɫ
ԥŵʦĸǰĸӣôʦʦǹඥô书ôоֻǿ׳ˣȴûּͳ̶ȴĸоأ
˵⼸˵׷׵ͷ
ԪЦǼ̰Ĳģֹǿ׳һѣǿ׳࣬ǳǳĶࡣ
һ£ԪǶֵӣҲɡ
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ǣ
ǡѧ˵ڼ󰡣ûʮ㣿
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²ʮһ㣬˵ʮ㣬Ԫһһˡ
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û뵽ǻԪ滹ҡͷǶˣһΪʦǹඥģҵĶžѧ֮ڵҪǿ󡣡
ʱҲȵصʦĪеʮĲ𣿡
㣬ҲʮѣʮĲһ˵
Ԫ˻Ĳ²⣬ӶԺˣɴʦ͸˵˰ɣѧϰڵǸλ֣Ӧǵڼ㣿
ֳҲڵĻģֻΪʦĸѾ췭ظı仯ܰճ㣬ҪĻôӦǶʮ˰ɣ
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Ԫ漱æֹˣ£ΪʦĻû˵꣬ѵһƭǲɣ
˼æڨЦ˷֮ôڸҲڸǲסġ
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Ҫ̫̰ģǵԲܴƵĽղѵѧһһôΪʦǸ˵ʺǵġ
˸ԪĻıֱݣԼǰ˱ոˣȻҵôһ޵еʦ
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˸ӷ׷׵ͷβǹǶ֪ˣȻûμս˽Ҳͷۣ֪βͨ
ȱĲǺͶԷֲˣǲܹȥأȻùôǾҪݻ
Ԫػһ֣ΪʦѾˣЩǹȻ򣬵ǲܻƳղ壬ĸඥѧҪǵķǸأ
Ԫ˵Żһڵһƥ
ƥѻ˲ٵĶ˶˹ȥ
ԪһͰ״ĶԣΪʦʱһЩþϣǿǿﻹһ֧㣬ǷֹǱǳǹĳײЩǾܲηЩǹֱǰˣ
ĸѧ˽ղĵӶ˷ܵ˹ЩľͷĴͰǰ׷ȥһ¡
ʦأǴжͺܲˣǻôأ
ҪǽֻҪڻ˾Ϳˣģǵĸʦ֡
Ԫʱ˻ˣΪʦǹඥ󣬾ҪǵݻǸأǵҲ׼ˣΪ̫ûýڸҲ޷ǵɡ
ɣ
ûǵȼɣΨһŵǴҳأڵûκ⣬Ϊʦô˵𣿡
˸Ӷһۣﶼ¶ԾԾԵɫ
صصͷʦģǶˣһξԲʦϣһҪǸشϡã
ãڶȥɣǵãһ飬úõϰһ£Ҫսʱ©ԷĸֲҪǸֻҪݻؾͺãϰģǾٴν̣
ʦģһ죬һһش𸴣
˸ӶԪ˱֤ܿؾͷˣһȥϰˡ
ʱԪתߵİͻȻ˶ͷýãһҪ㡣
һ£һԼǰԪ˵ȴʵʲô飿
Ԫ˹ס֣ǹģ˵ˣɲѽ


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ŻԪһϿҵԼǸ˵С˯ʱ򣬰˺һ졣
Ľǰ֪λش𣬽ҲǣҲá
ԻԪ䱣֤һǽù޵ʱ򣬰ԼǰãǲӦŭһأ
ȵ׹ʱ򣬲֪жôĿɶ

Ȱ˴ӵѵ졣
ѵûԽģ鼸Ҳڽг֣λԪİ˴ӸҪܵϡ
ÿһ飬ݻصǻϰģûǰϰղ˵Ļһûġ
ΪҪԼͬʱҪСıʦ֡
ԭƻһѵгɵӵ죬˸˲Ų죬ʱˡ
֮ڣԭĻ̻̣ܶȥͷ
˵ĻҲպ̵˻Ҳǣµƴףֻһϣûˡ
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ĿǰĴֱ֣ǰλĳϻаĽˡ
֮⣬߸Բλ̵ĳϣжٰ׺ͶӶˡ
߸˶ԼӵвǺܴ󣬽ղԲȥģȻΪǿսʤԷΣûеġ
ֲһ㹻ʵɱԼĵӣԪǣƵá
ͬԪһˣɣ
ΪΨһɣڵõĻᣬڻԪǰֻ֤ҪԪָһ֣һöԷ޷ͨв
Ԫ沢ɣôֹۣȻһţ̵ļϻǰĽ㣬ɣܶԸġ
Ը֧ŵľһͿˣԪҲûкܸߵҪ
һֱһĩһ峿˴ӼϣԪ汨ѾȫͣʱԳˡ
ԪҲЩȲˣҲһ춯Ǹʱ򶡲Ҫˣʱ̵֮ķĻսûа취ġ
ڳɹˣԪҲǺܸˣھͿʼٴν̡
ڻԪ֮£˵ĵٴμˣѺģһǲҪϵģһ֮Щ˾Ҫֵӷ棬ֱˮ
ȻЩģҪģҲûѡ
ңǰľǻԪ桢ɣ񣬻Լİ˴ӣ˹ĵһݶӣǴݻء
ڶݶӾ໨硢ҽˣֵʮͭں׼һشƣҪ֧Ԯ
ʮ֮ͭ󣬾˵Ĵ󲿶ӡ
һ޺ӻԪûǶֻڣսжԵУ󷨵Ҳʧá
ݶӼϣԪ򵥵˵˼䣬ֵӹĹľ
ûԪ˵ֵҲ֪̬أ־ʱȡ塣
ֽһ¼ŮСչԼ֮󣬻Ԫ桢ɣԼ˲ɵĹȳˡ

ﱻĪаƻˣȷʵԪ˴˼ıѾ޷£տأԪ˿Գֱ룬ֱβشȥ
ǰٶȲ죬Ϊ˸ӵװ̫ˡ
Ԫɵľ׮һķȷʵ̫أֻһûкʵĹߺͲϣҲûǸʱ䣬ŪܷǹĳͿˡ
ĸ˲ǣһһŲǰĻĸҲǺòȥ
ĸÿﶼһɵľ޴ɡ
֦ҶѾ޽ˣֻʣһͺͺɣ潽ͣЩͶǻԪʶսʱý۵ⷵȥȡģʮͰɶҪ͸ˡ
͵ľͷ쳣أرգյú
ɵĶ΢ϸһЩĵط滹һƤñЩյ֡
ҪǵĻ˵֮۵˵ķ߻Ҫӳأҳ̫ǼʹҲΪ㡣
̵͵õԭٴν飬ǱѾԴܾˣǻûпԷ֡
˵Ƕ˽Ų۵ܴ󣬵ôһֱ߻أ
Ͻǵһǰˮ룬Ա߻ɱУʱ˵˴ԭ˵ˣž
Խ֪ԷٴνϢ˵ʲôҲҪͶϻһһߣҲҪչ֡
û뵽ԭ˵ЧʾȻ˵£ص·̣Ȼ˿ʱ˻ûӰϴ˷ܵУӼеʧʧٵģͲûˣǰĽ㱣֤Էһģ϶ҪΪԷˡ
б۾˰ĽһۣЩм书ûӦñԼͶ绹ҪǿһЩĿǰڴֻдܺͶԷһ¡
ܾô˲̵ˣ֪ƾʲôôѵʥ֮Ļ
һսʱԼһҪֵĺһЩҲýڵĶǿԼķɣһҪհġ
˼ʱ򣬽Ӱð˷
ˣˣ
ˣǿ
һġôһʮأߵô
ǴֹŹֵĶǴҪʲôѵǷսˣǸǷӵ𣿡
̵˷һصЦţǵԭ˵˲һȺں֮ڣܺѵصĵȣһεս֤˵ӣⳤǹǰ֮ͻҷˡ
üһϸع۲һ󣬵ȶԷԽԽӽʱüͷҲչˣ԰ĽЦԷûʲôˣ㿴ЩˣֻǸСŶǸֵһ书еŹ֣ʣİ˸˾Ȼ׼Բľ磬Ϸ벻ͨˣľҲҳΪǵĳǹǳصһѹ󼴿ɣϷָӣһҲܲˡ
Ľ㿴˿ϣûжԷôûûΣԥһ£ɴ⣬һÿÿϣһζԷֻʮǰ̫Ź֣ǲܲ
СĹͷˣֻʵֵηģЩ˶ûʲôʵʲôµģ׼ˣԷϾ͹ˣһΡףڸʲô
Ľ̵˶Ѿӽʮ֮Ĺͷǡ
ֻĸ׮ӵԭһսĸɵĺе˺档
ɵĺʱȻǡȻڵ


698 Ѫ
Էɵʱ򣬰ĽϻûʲôоǸĶٰ׺ͶȴǱɫ
飬ǲûм
һں֮ڣԪһξȶʱһɣ־޴ǵӡ̫ˡ
ֻҪʹִĻͲԵֿˡ
һ뵽Ԫӣ˶Ǵ˸սӸԥĶ԰ĽϵϣֹȼտˣǲСҵ棬ֻǲõֵ
Ľû˵ЦһЦӹȻǲСǸͲҵѵǵĳǹǰ𣿡
˵꿴˿ǰ׮ӵĸˣָָЩǸʲôģѵΪ׸׮ӾֵܵǵĳǹѽصȴˣѾ̣ھͶ֣ɸӣ
˵꣬ԹԵؾˣ俴Ȼġ
ĽȻЩףҲûʲôҪ˵׸׮ӾֵܵǹȻЦĽ㲻ΪÿһֺжǷô̬塣
ԪѾԷ׼ʼǹˣʮѸٵķֳ顣
˸飬Ԫǵɣǰ棬Ҫ̫˵飬ԪĲǳǹ䵽Լ
ŽŲǰУ߽˾شԼʮ׵ľ֮ڡ
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ԼûʲôоǶٰǶ˲Уȶһվվȡ
ֱ
ĽҧгݵŭͷֶԻԪһУû뵽ȻȥǵأϷСˣռʹرˣҲԲҪǰһϷƴҲҪ£
ԪЦһ£бĻԡ
Ľ㲻صһ˿˿ĺʼɢ
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Ľûлش𣬺ɢٶȸ죬ԪȴͻȻ˲ԡ
Ľĺ֮ڣȻһ˿Ѫ
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ǡʲô򣿡
ĽܿйϣӶЩˣѪڼ汩¶۵ĺɫǴһ˿Ц˰ɣѪħ˵ĶֶΣѪ죡ԼѪķţһ䣬һ֮£Ҳ㲻˼һˣ


699 ͵Ϯ˵Ҫ
Ľ˿˿ѪеӣԪһǰʡߡ
µİĽǱ߻ǿ񱩵״̬սֱǡ
ĻԪ治η״̬µİĽ㣬ڿԼôӦǲˡ
ǲܰĽĹӶ٣Ԫ涼ܺˣߵİ˴ӴݻѾβ׶ΣԪסĽ㣬ԲйԼӵĻᡣ
ڵת˼ޣԪҲһİĽӭȥ
ٲȡζķʽҪסͱȫԸˣ
˲ӽոһ֣ͺ¡¡ĶԹǧУ
Ӱȭ綼Ѿ޷ֱ棬ĽĴ쳣ؿ񱩣Ͳȫ͹ûõģЧġ
Ԫƾת޵ǳԼǿҲ˿ãһ׶ķԲӲһûкˣҲûðĽǰһ
ϲ֪˶ƣղ岻ȫֿĹǶһЩԪѪڣһѪͺӲû³ȥ
֪ʱѪһ̼ĶԷӷǽӭҵĴ
ǻԪҲǳصģʱҲƻǰˣצ֣ԪֻҪ˳֣ƴĽк
鲼ѪͺİĽǿѪԶо޴ȵĽ㲻ϲôԪ棬Ҳࡣ
ԪһǼԿɽʯȥĽҲΪƾǹɷľͷӲǺͻԪڶԹ֮дð
طսѾˡ
Ѿݻϣĸķ̵˸޷˺ĸŴļһֻۿŶԷҵϡ֮ٻһա
˵ˣʣ̵ܻȥˣѾ˷β
ļˣпɵ۵Ķٰ׺ͶӶˣȻԪ治ٶʩչǸֵġˣʱҲû뵽ȥæΪԪİĽս˵Ŀ⡣
˲ڵӣҲɵؿŷһˣϴʱȥ׷ɱɣɣҲܣһǰһվͲ粢һ𿴴Ϸˡ
ڷ򣬻ԪȰźõĴ󲿶ʱҲ
Ƿֲ׷ˣе롣
βõѾΪһƬ𺣣ҪȥոģҪȵϨС
Ҳû뵽׷ûɻ͵ɱôҲҪȵսС
໨Ͷһģ໨̾ҪγɵĽһ
˵໨ΪȽҹĹϵϲĽ㣬ǵ˻ԪԺ󣬰Ľʹ໨ʧˣ˸ǲĵˣ֮ǰΪ˾ȻԪ棬໨÷ɵĽ㣬ˣڶεû˿ѹ
ʱĽһôսҲҪˣͻԪķԹҲӽβˣ˶˲ᣬ˼ˣ˭ȵ¶пܵġ
Ǿ໨Ҫεʱ򣬶ȴͻȻס
ʦ
໨˶һۣЩ졣
ǰ໨ԣҲϣͶ罩ȥҸữ֮ìܣǶ粻ᡣ
µǵĶԹ޹أ¹ػԪİΣ໨Ӳ
ʦãʲôЩÿûԪͰĽսؼʱ𣿡
ҡҡͷԪ϶Ĵʤһ̣Ǽٽ֣֮ƾ˶ࡣ
ڶĻ໨Щ֮Աǡ
ʦãȻԪһˣͨĳ˲ͬΪѭЩ񷨣ػսʤˣֻҪӮԸȥκ飬˵ĸ֣ʺԪ棬Щÿɣ
Ȼ໨˵Ȼı໨͸ʱҲòһ¡
ҳ˵ǶԵģֻ㲻˵ҵķʱѾȫ䵽Ľȥˣ㿴ɣôԭֵĵӣЩ˶һֱԪ浱ģ̩ɽһĿ֮£ǲְæԪһܴӰ졣
໨֮һ£Ҳ˹˵
ûԪȻʲôӣʱװҲҪװɾӣҪԭֵΪǾӣĵλŸȹ̣Ҳܷˡ
໨ҧ촽̾˿㵽ģҿҪֻ࣬ǡֻһԪ治ǳα𣡡
˻ڷͰĽսĻԪһۣΪαӣ֮Ҳûнˣˣ㻹ܱˣ𡣡
໨¶˼Ǹ⣺ʦã顭
ʦ㲻ض˵ˣѾ˾ϣֻҪԪ治ſҵ֣ҾͻһֱߣΪѵ飬㡭ǿԪԼ˼ɣ
໨ĻЩŵؿĿϲʦã˵ʲôûɣ˵һ𣿡
رͷȥ˵ˣúÿסαӣҪ˰ĽǵģһˣΪʲôҪȥУҲ֪ٽΪҹ£մء
໨ʱĳȣ߽ضŻԪ棬ļ֮Աʱæ͵еȥ磬仰Ǵ໨һĽᣬ˶ҪҸιȥˡ
ֻҪԪһսôԺȴģǺεҸѽ
Ȼɫ䣬Ҳһ˿ĸп
վûа취İ취ΪǰĺУ粻һճôھҪϲĻ
໨ҲȷʵгĵԼͺãٵһͻԪͷϵĶڶԹҲ࣬ڿ໨û̾Ͷĳ嶯ˡ
໨ܶԼԭ£ҲΪ𣿶һŮˣıߵĿˡ
߶Ů£ǱߵսڵĽ׶Ρ
ĽĿ״̬ڻԪҴҲˣʱ򣬶Ѿһõطˡ
Դϣ׵öͷ֪࣬˼ȭ
˶ƾŲдһһ£ԷϻȭͷÿһȭԼĵأûʲôɱ
ʹˣҲ׵ط
Ľȭͷٴλ˹ԪصһͷöԷȭͷԼͷϡ
ʱ򣬵ͷٴˡ
ղͷԪԴӲĲ֣Ľȭͷȥʲô˺ˡ
ƾһƣԪ潥ռϷ磬ȭƵʺٶȻޱȻҲȰĽôһ㡣
ĽĿ״̬ûˣǻָһЩҲڵ
ȥĽһʧܵǸˡ
ʱʧܣһ
ȭˣһǲ̧ȵģǰĽʱҪȡ
ΪԪȫޱȼӲ򲻶ˣ֪˵ʲôط
ȻеǰĽΪʤҲںˡ
ڳ˻Ԫһȭ˼֮󣬹ϵ̧ȣһ˻Ԫɲ
һУĽҲɥʧһȴЦһ䣡ˣһʵʵĺаɣ


700 Ļ
Ľ⼯ȫһȲС
ͺһˣһعⷵյʱ̣οĽ㻹ԶԶûдﵽĵز
һȺܴһҲ߳һ
Ǵƴ˼ǻԪû뵽ĽͻУһһƣǶ㲻ġ
ʵҲľûж㿪Ľһ׼ȷС
֮󣬰Ľվҡҡ׹ƾǿ־֧岻ϵ£ҪŻԪȵ¡
һѽһ䣡ļһ֪ζȭͷӵһţⱲӺǵˣֻǿϧѾͷģԶ֪һûʲôǰ;ҾݶģҲܰĳˣģһһ·ԺһʱӣһȤ
ԪУĵ˿ǲ١
ֵӵûʲô˺УǸûҲˣӰ첢Ǻܴ󣬻ĶϾ
໨ͶŮͲһˣʱɷףǺϣԺܺͻԪһЩʲôǶСˣЩ鶼ˣЩ鲻Ҳûʲô˵ģֻǵĻԪԼһء
˾һǰԪ״̬
ԪǶˣͷϵı飬΢΢Щζʹڷɡ
ϻԪһֹ֣ǰ
㶵վѵԪ沢ûʲô
ĽҲоЩ֣ʱԪ治ӦʹڵϴΪʲôûôأ
ˣҲһˣҲǿ־̵Ļǿ˺еġ
һװڼ֣ñ֪Ѿˣôȥ
ĽΪ˻Ԫļ¶һ˿мЦһ䣬Ҳ֪㻹ڼʲôѵΪڸ㱻ҷ˵ʵ𣿡
˵תԭһЩԭֵСţǵµķһ䣬һУһҲֻܹԹԵУΪѾϷһŷϵˣӴ˾Ͳһˣ
ԭ˵ڲһҶˣ˵սʱ̻ޱȣȻ
һ䷽ɰ˰Ľһ֮ȥ֮Ľһ䱻ˣˡ
һ뵽˺ݺݵһţЩ˶ݣԾĲ£˫ȣǿ̰Ҫ˼ֱһ;ۡ
ĽĻ˵꣬嶼Ծͦһ㡣
߷˻Ԫ棬ǺпеģΪˣΪȽҹ
һʱȽҹ̻ԪգĽ͸оЩãȽҹǴûкദġ
ԼûĶҲûУ뵥ȽҹһҲʱ˵ԻȽҹôӦ䵭úܡ
ʹˣҲǶԼܽӽȽҹ˸ûᣬȽҹ꣬ȽҹĸĽϻǱȽ˽ġ
ðһһ䣬ҺȽҹߵñȽϽӣһδֻԺȽҹЩ仯ĽزˣﻹȽҹȥ¿ˡ
ȽҹûǸ뷨ǻԪȽҹûʲô뷨ڶҪˣΪԼϵˣҲûǸˡ
һвȵɱѿ״̬ǰĽ뷨
˵Ҳ֣ղվվסˣһ뵽Ƚҹ飬ĽһЩԮԼѾˣҲǱ߹սһʤǶˡ
ʤת۵㣬Լһţ׽ⳡսûһ䣬ԭ˴ں֮ڣôԼҪɢˡ
ƹһҪ˵ѱ䣬һ˰ɣ
ĽţͻȻǰĻԪָָĽĽš
Ľһ£һôôǿڻû£Լһڵµ˾Լˡ
ʤߵԽ̬ðĽʱҲ߰ĶԻԪһ䣬㻹ʲôҪ˵ھ˵ɣ˵ͿȥˣҽȥһСϾֵĹģСˣһ˵ɣý˵лġ
ŶˣҲֲˣɴɣһ̵ȥΡ
˵걾ΪԪģû뵽ȴ˵һ䣺ѵͲý𣿡
ʲʲô˵ʲô
ĽŵؿŻԪ棬˵ʲô
ƶɮʰʩ㣬ѵͲý𣿾Ǹղҵһֻš
Ľ㶣΢΢һ£ղŲãھԪһѣԼĽźۡ
Ҫ֪ĽͻԪһս˻¶ˣϰ֪˶ٴˣ˵ۡ
£ܸоۣǾ˵ѾǷǳˡ
Ľ죬治ȻţӲеۣûϵֻҪ㣬Ϸ͡
Ԫ̧ͷʩ㻹𣿾ͺһһߵʯͷϣֻŻۣʯͷȴһ鶼ûУڵ㣬úÿɣѾˡ
˵ŻԪ澹ȻĴԭվ·ɲĵطŰĽһȥĺۼû˼ȥġ
ĽֱԼ۾ôûأ
ո˵Щʲôһ˺ѵʹӽŲĽùͷĶϵˣղ̫˷ûоȴоˡ
Ӵ
ԪվĽȴȥ˫ȥŽţͬʱоµʹѾվȣڵء
ΧһƬ˼ҷϷôãôﰤһŶûأ
ѵһŮ˻ױĲɣӦѽȻɺܺÿǺŮ˻ǲ̫һġ
ҾŮˣֻҲ᲻۰ɡ
ԪûᵹصİĽ㣬ͷԭֵˣλʮÿһŹɶ벻Чƶɮϰѧ֡ͽղ壬ĽһСκβƶɮ
רŶķ𣿡
ŹҲûˣԪ۴ƻֺꡣ
ʱˣؼģҲһѧѧǮѽ
Ԫ΢Цҡҡͷֲطֵֻѧϰѧõġ
ֵֻѧǡǲҪȥУôأ
޷ֺõ׼ҵӣҲѡһЩ̵ģȱ׼ҵӲС
ңҪΪ׼ҵӣ
ңɣ㿴ǿ׳Ѿˣȥˮûѽ
㲻УɣԸ˲赹ˮϴ·ɨͥԺʹ඼ԣֻҪ
Ԫͷ󺹣Դĸƶɮζ̫˰ɣ
ȵȺԪ΢ЦŻͷ򵹵صİĽ㣺ʩ㻹ʲôҪ˵ûеĻǿҪǵϳˣ


701 
ԪĽ˵仰֮󣬰Ľһڴûʧȥ˾֧ţʱ޷ˡ
㡭һУʲô
ҲˣҪܲƶɮѡˡ
Ľ˳ƹأͷһƫ˹ȥ
ڳ˶ʱ׶ǵһ䣬ںͰĽĴս֮ػ˶֣ȫƾԼûнκ˵
ԭʿĿУԪĵλѾһ㣬ڣҶԷѾ٣һսƺпʤء
ŰĽ˹ȥԪȺЦһ£һҡΣҲһͷԵڵء
ͰĽĶԹԪ˺ͬأֻ־ǿ̶ҪĽ㣬ǱȶԷһ
Ԫ浹£໨˼æǰȥԪ
ΪһĶϺҲԪɲ䵽ԷС
Ǳ߶ϺҲͬʱ˳ȥĽ
˫˫ˣʱ˶û˼˼ǸԴ˻صԼӪء
һΪǹؼʱ̣һһӵʱԽãǾԽ
ԭһֵ˶֪Ƿɵǿ̶ȣŻԪһڰĽ֮ǰָʱٴ֯վʹࡣ
ԪȷʵǱȰĽָÿ죬صӪذʱ˹´󻹵ԲľָûԪ澭һһҹ֮ȫƾȫԭ١
ǾˣԪǼùǺѾǶ³һˣܾǽ飬ٲϿ̣Ǿһᶼûˡ
ƺת֮󣬻ԪûƬ̵ͣ컹ûȫʱ̽˶
оͱټ֪սʱҪˣȫҴҵļϵӪ롣
Ԫ滷һȦλͬʱ֮ȾͲƶɮ˵ˣֻ˵һ仰Ǿһεս˱ָӣȫԸвӻ̰ߣȫ¹֮
˶صصͷһȻû·ҶȫԸΪһδ

ԪһУȫڲ
ӪѾҪˣһ̾һսˣܻģκεط
ڲѾûκηԭ˵Ĵ󲿶βʱﵽһƬΣԭѾˡ
صĲкǰ˴ԼףǰһۣǶ΢΢۾ǳˡ
ʱѾ΢Ȼ̫û𣬶Ѿк£Ӧ˺ڰ۾Ҫһʱ䡣
ӦǰĹߵʱ򣬶ǰˡ
ǰԶɽصȺɽ֮£һˮ紿ϾʯǶȺɽ֮䡣
ûһ˿ķ磬ûһ˿Ĳƣǰˮ˼ɾ˲Ҵ˵Ҵڵغ
أе˶˳𺳣ˢˢվβĳʥ֮ء
˺þãԪߵĶųسһõطұΪȾ˼ɾˣû뵽ʤһӮһսлᶨҪӡ
Ԫ΢΢ͷطǺܺãǺܿϧԴ֮أҲ¶֮ɹҪǽɾС
໨ָָ̧Զ֮˾һʱˡ
Ƕ˳໨ָķȥԶԼһ֮⣬ˮϣһ̨ΧΧ£ˣ̵ĵӣھʲôʽ
ԪתĿ￴˿΢΢ͷûҪҵ˶ˣϸŴϣֵľԶҲڡ
Ҳ¶һ˿⣺жٰ׺ͶԭֵİҲһҪһˣ
ĽڣǺԪս˵̫أһսϲˣǺ
໨ûаĽڣһһʤİִһЩ
ԪҡҡָŸ̨ǸˣҪע˾Ǹ̵Ĵϣϰ챦ѧֻ±ȰĽ㻹Ҫ߳һߣǶˣļ붼ûֹͣǣֻǻ˳ˮϡ
ԪͶ˽һεĽ˭ʲô˭ȡȥԸ˭ܵİţһսʼ˶ҪҵԼĶ֣ȡһзչԼ֮¡
ΪԪʲõľȥԸϣ˶˶Ը
һеսȫˣʥţħ൱ԲսҲһͬˣ񣬾ǳԷĴ󲿶ӣǿսɱЧ
ڽĲ֮УǱߵļ벢ûֹͣ
һ׶ĶܹŹ֣ɫӣֵ赸һлһĶȥżɬ
Щ飬˶ϺһЩ΢İ֮⣬˲ûаæֻһ߰Ļ
ԶϺϲ
ʼʱǻܰæһЩǵڣѾʲôˣֻţĵؽš
ǿԭֵ˽ˣǴ˿̴Ϲ涨˭ܶ뱣Ķɡ
˲֪ʲôǶϺ֪
찲Ľ㱻ȻԺ󣬾ϵĽѹ
ѺİĽǰһЩͬϵĺ쳣أ˵һЩˣǰܸоǰĽ㣬ˣΪ˵һˡ
ߴϵģǹ춯ֻҪϣôͿǰһ춯Ҳʵˡ
ȻĻ춯ҪüſɣΪһ춯֮ǰҪλ໥£ҲҪʱģãԶ춯Ƿת䣬һС
֪ܺԭ˵˼ȥˣȻʥʱ򣬽һܾ˵ľ棬ܿĴ˶һˡ
Ľ̵˴󣬾һͷˮ֮У֪ˡ
Ƕ֪ˮģĽͶǳΪʳˣ֪Լˣʱ򽻴ɡ
ŲһУʽ
ԭ˵ɱѾʼǰˣɲ뿪ǣֻҪֵһ꣬ʽͻˡ
ڴϵǰһ¯ȼգһĸ㡣
Ǿͨ㣬ȥѾȼ˺ܾãһѾȼ˴룬ֻʣһСˣӱĻҲոˣ


702 ɹʧ
Ԫ沼ԭֵ߰ٶ˾Ͷ̵ɱ˹ȥ
һ·̣Щָ˵Ҳǰӵ飬ת˲
ԭɱ˹̵ȻִУٶ̵ӷ׷ӭϺ֡
ͬԱӿĺԭ˺̵һںݺݵײһ
ԭ͵İͷɽˮƽ׵Ĵƣ
ǸֵĶԹڵһʱʹѪ꣡
û˿Ӧԣ㹦һЩҲκβöԷеڶ˺͵ˣܶʱɱһ֣Ҳӱɱˡ
߰ٶ٣ռ̫ƣлҪһ޺Щ˸ڴ󲿶ӵĺ棬ѰһʵĻᡣ
Ԫ׼һԼȥѰҴϣʽ
ǻԪոճϾͷĹ֣ԪҲòԣһʱ
Ԫ汻ס֮ĵڶ׼һ޺˳ȥȥԸ̨ϵĴϡ
޺Ѿת죬ʹϹͨҲǲܵġ
˲ڴһӴӲػأһ߱սԱȾͱ壬лְ˲⼸ǿս
Ѫɽ֫ϱ洦ɼһСĶܲȵϵͷսĲҳ̶ȳ
Ļþ£һʱģһ̣ԭһһٶ˵£Ѫɺӣ
Ҳûռʲôˣӽ˵Ҳ㹻˽ǵˡ
ʮͭѰҵϵڣɣ˳ȻʮѸٵȺ֮н˽ܵʮ޺󣬽ֳ׵棡
ǻԪĲ֮Ψһˣʣĵطǻսһš
̵ļԲĳϸ֣ԭһĸִ˻ս״̬
Զڵ̳ϣжٰ׺ͶӶˣһ˸Բĸ֣Χס໨硢ҽõԲʮ˵ս췭ظ
£໨ķɵҲ׵ʩˣΪɵһȻضɱԷһˣ֮໨ͻΪԷصΣԴ
˶壬ԯۺͶٰЩҲԲ壬ҽøոսԲûжãԷİ˾ŶλϾԲסǲһԭһ˱
ĿѾʩչ˼ޣϸӰһ磬ʱн˸һӲĵֵ˶Էϣ໨˵ѹһ¡
໨˵ֵԯٰۡסӺ;ԶҲǼģսһȳ˼Σյ״̬ȵİҽҪʱػԮ
ֻɣڵõ˽ŵʱѸٵߵսţŵõ˻⣬˫𽥵Ľһֽ׶Ρ
һߵսȣսǴʥţħһҰˡ
˫˫õޣ˿̹ȻֳҰǿս
ţħ̤ڵϣǧϺףһֵضɽҡƣ˿ɵ
һЩ۵Ļͼأǽ׳ţһڣԷϾϾ
ӿǴʥǴڷùԺͲûб󣬷ЩСʼЩʥģˣ
һĽݣĽɫ˼ǿıһĴȥ֮һĽս浲ң
˵Щ̵ͨӣһԲҲԵֵסֻҰޣʥԼܺɣοЩڡ
ս˶һ״̬սֽŵʥǾͻ
ǸһשҪᣡ
ɱ֮УΪսŤתսֵĴڣʤƽȴᶨһʼб
սͲûԪ⣡
ΪȥĻһذɣ
ʱ򣬻Ԫͷ㣬ֻҪȼԺ̵ĴϾͽʽ
ʱ˵᲻ս֮УôһǻԵĴ
챦Ԫһ㣬ԼƾĿǰľʽƣʤϣǺܴңңؿŸ̨ϵĴϣƺӣֻҪ֣Լһĩվ͵ˡ
̵ЩͨӺ񺷲ηһսʱĿʼ赲һ޺ƽٶȣֻһлᣬҲԥĳȥ赲Ȼڰ˲ڵǰǵ赲΢ʵһٶӽ̨ȷʵǳǷǳģ
ۿҪˣԪļ٣ɴҲôʥǼȺɱˣǴҳǸ̨
Ļһ䣬ʥ˻Ԫ⡣
ţħֽһһţĴػζ¡¡ֱ̨ȥ
赲һ޺ףΪ˶ֻ࣬ҪסԷͲòԮ
赲ţħʹʥɲô׵飬ͷţҲ޷赲ġ
ˣЩ̵ĵ˸ԵĶ֣ǰ̵Ķţħʹʥɱ
ں׼ԲĴڣһ࣬ţħѹҲţͷڶֵţٶҲôˡ
ʥƴػĴΪţħݻȻһЩɼᶨıŸ̨ȥ
ԪӦŶϵķ񹥻Ǳ߻ţħ
㲻ҪȥɧŵˣƤĻףʲô͸רĵóȥɣ
ۿҪˣҲһ֮ڵ飬ԪѾȲˡ
ţħõ˻ԪĶָȻȥߵˣһ˫ţۣţͷ£ִţңңָ̨ٴοʼ˳档
һεЧȻǺ࣬ȻϲʱΧĹţħܵסĹʥֵ
Ԫ澡ӦϣĬĬļ㼴ȼһ̣ţħǳٶȡ
û⣬ӦüֻҪţħײȥ̨һԱݻ٣ǴϵļˣֻҪƻ죬ôϼʹսҲ޺Ըһ̣ʤϣܴ󣡡
̶ʱԪͼ˽ǳó齱ɵļϰߣȷȻ൱ߵġ
Ȼ㻹дԼʮȼʱ̵ͨû赲סʥţħ
ţħ¡¡ĳ˹صһͷײ˸̨֮ϣ
ָ̨ʵĵʯͷ̨ӣɼӺľģﾭܵסţħĳײ
һ̨̳֮ӱţħײ߰˸޷̨֧ӣ̨Ȼ
ɹ̫ˣ
Ԫ˷ܵؽһȴ˶һƣѪòרĶԵС
ĿҲʱɨ̨̳ɢȥ뿴һĴϽεܻ
ǵ̳ɢȥ֮󣬻Ԫ沢ûзִϵټ
أѵ̨ˣӦѽ
ԪͻȻһֲĸо͵̧ͷգ
ֻ֮ϣһֶǸ¯ֹŹֵ赸


703 ɵֺǧһ
Ԫ濴ն֮һƬ䡣
ˣ
ԪǿԷеģ֮еٮٮߣԷУҿƽأȥ̨ûʲôӰ졣
˵̨пܾһӣԼһעе̨֮ϣԼߵȫԸĻȥ˸̨ŷһùҲΪӮʱ䡣
Ԫ˲ԼĶϣʩչյľṦһԾֱеĴ϶ȥ
УԪְ˶һƣҲ˲ˣҲҪȥϴʽ
ǴڿУԪĳʩչ˼ޣɾʮɵĸ߶ȡ
ԪڵڿûнһŲƣֱ϶ȥ
ϿҲĻԪ棬ٴڻԪ漴ӽʱٴֽԪ˦ȥ
Ԫ治ĵٴʩչŲƣ廹ڼ
ԪûʩչŲƣΪʹʩչˣҲ׷ϴϣѾˣϽ¯׿ӸµؿŻԪ棬ϲúͶԻԪӡ
ȥԪоɥվûֹԷʽ춯٣Ĳ赲ˡ
ŻԪ䣬ϵҲʼ䣬ԪֱӵȥǿƮƮʵҲܿȥǺͻԪͬʱ䵽˵档
һ޺˸Щ̵Χȥ
춯ǷɣսҪȥ
Ԫ԰˲ڷԸȫԸҪסϣԲ޺ҳȥɱ̵ӣ
Ļո˵꣬Ǳ߶ٴηĹ
ԪһҧƤҩ֮ǣԼһҲ䵽ıز
ʩչƣԪҲ֣Ŷ͹ȥ
ͬʱ޺ҲΧ˴ϣ˫ٴչɱ
һΣҸоһˡ
Ȼʥţħսϳ۳ңΧĴ󻷾ͷΧѾˡ
֮һīɫƷɿʣ̫ѸٵڱΣһɢĹߣܿͿˡ
һХĿͬǺһش˷޹ɡ
ƽʱη磬Ƕ磬ʲôģʵڹ죬ǣҲûиķеĵطǶ磬еĵط磬ַķһطγ硣
ԭˮӿ죬޴ͷʮ׸ߣʱسŰߡ
ڰ߽սһЩԭ˺̵Ӷһ˹ͳͳûӰ
̫޹⣬ΧܼԽԽͣ˼ɾһͬ⡣
սеڿţѾΪһֻڿ֮żȻײһ𣬲Ż໥ĳ֡
ֻЩԲ֮ǿվ֣˶˹غ«
ԭԪƻ֮еһ޺֮вƣЩڵֵǵֵסĴֻǿ໥һֵ磬ҲܶԴγв
һ쳤Цˣ춯ˣʥĳѾ赲ֺǣǵĩյˣʥ֮²ɣ
˵Ż˽ɫϼ⣬ߵĳ籡ڰ֮гΪ㡣
ԪûбϼԻһǽأǰ˸ˣ
˲ΪԪඥ֮ȻԲҲֵܵ磬˸׼ʩչշħȦΧϵʱȴûнƵʱ˲嵽˼˵ǰ˫һӣֱӽǰĻ۵ͻԪĿѪ˳ȥ
˶˳壬ǲֵܵϵһƣ֮һҲ֪ǻ
Ԫ絶ʣ⼸ӶǾģͱԷˣȻԼоǻûȥ˭ֹϣ
ߵĶϻڷľǱߴѾʼԻˣԪŭһת˼ޣһԵһַ˳ȥĶжһ֮Ԫ治ƵͳȥһڶŶ˹ȥ
ȫֵԪ棬ѾߵĻԪ沢赲ģһƽҲѪɣز
ԪͰĽһսƻûг׺תղְ˶ƣҲˣڲһеʩչǿֶΣȻǴ˶ϣһѪҲѹֲס˳
˿Ҳ˲ԼƣһռϴŲƣֱӷɱ˴ϵߡ
ô̶̵ʱ䣬ʧȥ˵İ˲ڵӵֵסϵķ񹥻Ѿ׷׵ء
Ҫ׼ɱֽ˲ڵӳ׸ɵԪͳֱס
ϿԪˣҲż֣ǺٺЦһ£һ䣬Ĺνˣûһʤ㣬ѡ齵ôϷԴʥ̵Ķλãˣ
ԪЦһΣ
ʶ̧٣ǺãϷ㳢Ѫ
˵ŻĽɫϼѾ˱仯ȫıʺѪɫȫ
Ԫ𾪣û뵽϶ȻѾѪ񷣬ٽһɻ챦ˣǿ߾磬޵״̬ˡ
ǻԪҲ˾ʽƣȻҲһͬһĹ˹ȥ
ԻԪȫϲ죬ʼڽ֮ռϷ硣
˵ĻԪ棬ǴϵĶ֣־ᶨҲԲô򵥾䣬˾ˮϿʼ
žƵı仯طսҲ쳣
ΧϵʮͭʱҲȹ̵ɣʮͭ໥һ磬ܱ֤ߣλסϡ
ϵõ˽ţȴûжʮͭɱ֣ѸٵļԲ֮ս֡
ԲЩ˵սֻڽ״ֵ̬ļ̲ת
໨硢ҽáɣ˱ѸٵĴѹ˱֮С
ۿޱȣ˻Ա߷񹥻ЩҲ˲ˣʼʩչԼǿֶΡ
Ϊͻ໨Ͷʹ˸ɫᣬ˹ĵֵˣ໨õһʱĽš
õŵ໨˷ɵһͰҽþľųϻɱ
һѪɽųʬ嵹أ
໨һ֮󣬶԰ҽúһ䣺ס
úͰ˫ð˳á
໨ٴηһ޷İ˳Ҳ䵹Ѫ֮У
ɵ޿赲
໨ɫ԰ףζһ֮˵ϣ԰ҽõǿ죡ȥ
öȻ໨ǿȫӣҲ˲˵̿ʼԮˣ
Ȼ໨ɱԲʧȥɵвԷſֽţԭһԲڶԷԽĹ᧿Σ


704 
û໨ķɵвԼһԲϵĴ£ĳԯۣλϣٰ׺ͶӣоԶ߸˿ʼĹɣˣ
ۿǱ߻Ԫ滹ںʹϲ治ʱΣգʥţħѾȥԮˣһ˵ֲſֵסϣֻܿԼˣ
һ໨أȻĪʹʦϾʶôˣϣ໨ʹԶ£Ҳ໨
Է߸ΧԼˣѾǻս״̬Ȼһֱ׼Ըٰ׺ͶأѾݲѡˡ
翴˿ص໨ȻˣЦؿԼ
ҧ촽С˫°һ㣬໨һ䣺ǲġ
໨ҲɵĻش𣺡ĿԴ
ͷϣڻң
ߵڶԶ͹ͷʩչʮӭȥöܵõһ˿ϢĻᡣ
ս֮Уݵļһһɰɫ˳
Ųƴ󷨣
ͻȻԭʧһֱӳ˹ҽõλǰ
ҡ
һڣͬһֱ߳ϴ˹ȥ
ɫӿ֮佫߳û
һҵĺ߳ϵҡҡ׹ۿˡ
ϴӺɱ˹Ŷ繥߳ϵʱ͵͵ϮԷĺģ
һУ³һѪȴûлͷһ˵߳üͷ
һѪգ߳ʧȥɺͻΪһ߱ʬ壡
ߵܣ
ϱʹһеķ׼һƽУ
һУ͵ػͷ˫һɫ˸ʤղţգȫС
Ĺâ˸˸

һŮӵĲҽУ罿СһƴУշ˳ֱ䵽໨ߡ
໨̧̧֣סԼʦãҲûֻǿʦõԼߡ
̧ס˶С֣Էɫ԰ףǴѪ
ʦãôˣ
˫ۣ໨ȻЦһ£վûбȹ㣬ֻȴˣֻһսҵһսˣʹû˼ңҪָҲҪܳһʱˡ
޷ʦãѾ㹻ˣһҪãϺ߳ϵĹڰ˾λ֮ϣһ㣬ѾԺˡ
˵Ż໨ָ˸ղŶսĵص㡣
ɫŶ˷ɳѾɢˣֻʣһˡ
˿̵һվĿ͡
Ǵ˿Ļһǻġ
Ϊȫ£Ѿ룬мУ̴顢ʺؿڵȵȶҪѾǻظ
ղһƣҲлӳһƣϣѾߵһȥˡ
Цݵؿһۣʦ㣬һı𣿿ǴС㶼ǿġ
໨ŬĿĽԼߣʦãˣһΣʦˡ
ûоܾ໨׽ƾԼߣļϣһ
ǻѪҲûȥˣϢ΢صʦ㣬Ҳ뿪ô˵ȥɣ䣬һ±ӣ㻹ҵʦ㣬㲻ٺ˶𣿡
໨ﺬ᣺±ӣʦ㣬ƾĥʦⱲǷġ
ˣһֱҵʦ㣬һֱġңѾϰˡ
£һ𣬱˴Ħ˼£յĶԹԹѾѵʱɢˡ

ƴһҲЧģʧȥλ֮˫Ѿǳӽˡ
ҽ֣ѳӲǵֵס˶ٰ׺ͶԼˡ
ǻǴ·ģҴ·Ļֹ
ɣԯ۵սһЩɣڣԯԲڣʱ䳤һɣȻʤھԶͽЭ£ɣ񲢲ܻԯۣ˼˸ƽ֡
Ͳˣֵǰûл֮ˡ
ۿҪֵסһҧɣǱһֱۣӽԼʮƵһʽʩչ˳͵عϡ
ɫ̵࣬ĳܲҲʩչԼǿһֱӺ
˹⣬佻̱֮˳ȥѪɽһѾ˺صơ
ûʧȥʶڼصʱͻȻŭһһ׺ֱԯ۵Ľ»ȥ
ԯۿԼæ͵и䲹һУû뵽ȻʶһԼ͵Ϯ
ԯ۱ȥǻ֮¶Ĳô죬Ȼȴӵ滮һץס˽ף
ԯ۾ôԼǰǧѷĻɣܹŹֱӴ߶ڴӡһƺ˶޿ɶԯ֮ϣ
һԯ˫ĿԲΪһս꣡
ɣվᣬһɱԯۣʱ˵ľҪһ
ս˲飬һȴץס˻ᡣ
ԯ۵䴥ܴһеĳ˹ɣȻһƺɣĺ֮ϣ
ɣƽɽصȥѪӿڴڵһҪ
֪ɣû׼ٸһƣ׽ɣ
˲䣬˵صͻȻȰĴ֡
Ѿû˳Ƶһѽıס
ע˫֮ϣЦݣɤɳƵĶԵصɣС
ɣŬػͷڷ˫ۡ
ˣѾˣСӦ֪ô
ɣ۾ˣȻܹ״̬ȼϣʱԼԥôҪװ׵ȥ
ϣһΪֵӴ˵ģ
Ĳڡڼ֣ǵķһʤϹѾȥ˸ߵʱˣ¡ǵģ
Цͷ˫۵ش룬ѾҪ޷ˡ
ʱ˵ɣ˻ߵĴһĽħƣ
ƷηɳϻҵҪκ֮󣬾Ȼ޷ѣ
ۣ
ħͬʱϵţҲţ
ҵĵȥȴЦݵĵȥ
Ѿûʲôźзڣһһȥ˼磡
ӷ𣡳һ·ߺãɣ
ɣ񵹵ز𣬷ħ֮ҲʧȥŻľԶɣ۾


705 
ɣǰʱʲôӣʱһֱһǳ־顣
Ȼǲ裬Ŀȥ翵ļ硣
ǽ죬ĳϾԶɣȴЦˡ
ѣɣ˵ĺң˵ı׳
ͽԶְܶɣɣһüͲڴˣ
ɣ񻺻ر۾صȴ١
Щ̫ˣ˵̫أҪϢһ¡
ûô٣Զƺ˵һʲôɣûҲûۣҲ֪Լǲǻš

ô̶̵˲䣬˫ʧء
ԭһɣ֪໨Ͷ˫˫ʧȥսֻʣలҽûս
һңϱԪˣϺԯ۶ˣ߰˾ʮλҲˣԭһʧҪöࡣ
ǾˣһжٰףжӺ;Զ
λԲֵĻԶԸҽԶԲûõˡ
ҽãϬĬڶٰ׺ͶӶǰҲ·磬Ѫħ˿սò¶ŮһΧսңֻʣԶ״̬ã̾кԶ
ԶϣҶʰ澣ʰǾȥԮˣʤ̵ģ
Զƺԥһ£ǻսǱȥ
ҽﰵп࣬Ըٰ׺ͶӶǳˣԶĻǱذɡ
ʧˣⳡս¾Ҫˡ
õѵĶٰ˻ȥԮϣܶԸʥţħʱԪ浥Դϣǿһһľ档
ԶҪ߽ʱͻȻ֮ٴη˱仯
ԭڵˮϾͬĩգƱգХ죬ڸӿֲˣ
һͬĵһȺɽ
߿裬Ҳʷûйױ
ͺ֮ڵƣ׵Ұǣž£˷¡¡졣
ЩùǾվ׵·һ׻֮ڵȥ
ꡱ׵ͬĩһ㣬ʱսѾһִս׵ӡ
ʱ򶼽ȥˣΨĽףǻ
Զǰһ׵¡¡£Χҫͬ硣
ԶĽŲһ£վ
ٰȻҲη׵磬ǲΪηֹͣսۿʤˣټӰѾʹ¶ˡ
Զϣ㻹ڵȴʲô
ûȾԶشǱߴϵЦͻȻ쾪
۹ڳˣڳˣڵȵһˣ
Ŵϵĺڳ˶Լͬصֹͣս
쾪׿֮Уˮˣ˲ϵն𣬷ĴŰߡ
֮һɼѹֵմƷصѹɽ͸
ṦɽԾͿֱˡ
ĩ֮£Ƕʧȥ˼ԪŴʥţħ˻صԼһ
ǺͰҽһ໨ͶߣʱʧȥսŮӡ
ɣҲ̧˻ʬ
Ԫ濴ʬ֮󣬴Խûˮһδ۽ǻ䡣
ϣֵĻʯһս֮Զ뿪˴ңȻ˵ܿȥ˼磬ǻԪߡ
ֵĵǻŵģЩԭʿŵģ׷׵ľ£˹Ļ£û˸ڼͣ
ԪԵؿһۣﱯʹԭʱһǧˣ㲻İˡ
ֵĶٶӣһսҲ٣һ޺ĵӶûԪ۵ġ
Һʮͭ˵ûܵʲôˣǰ˲ڵӸ˲𣬶ʱ֮Ҳսˡ
Ǿ£һ𣬾̵Ŀⶼ˻Ԫ棬һֻлԪ˵ĹǣҶڿ
ӴԽڣԪһθоЩ̬س̶ЩԼҲ׵ԼĿƷΧǶڳǾԾһѡ
ûж£Լһս̶ȣѪħٳƾЩ޷ֵġ
ԪĿΧ˿ڴλʱ߲ûг֡
ĸϼһʱ򻹲ûԪЩʧ
ҺȻʧأһҲòȥ
ٶ̵ֻʣ಻һˣд󲿷ͨӶ˴ʥţħУһЩױ֮ɥġ
˵ĶҲ˴ϵߣжٰ׺ͶӣԼ鲻ľԶ
ʱǰԭʿЩĶԲŭ
ˣʥڿԳˣ̵ĵǣǻɣӭǵʥ˼䣬Ӵһͳ£
̵ȻʧأǴ˿̵ʿȴԭʿ֮ϣһ˻ߵĺţǼӮһС
ǵĻ֮Уˮڷ䡣
ľһ̼һ޴У涼ڸˮת˲ûйɵ𽥵гһĿӡ
Ǿ̵Ŀⶢ棬ѵǴ˵еİ׷ѪħھҪ

ͻȻ䣡һ֮һɾն𣬺ըˮбըһֱϰɸ߿գ
ǵĿǹɾϿȥΪ˶ϾͻһӰ
Ǿ沢ûӰ¡
ɻʱ򣬵ڶɾٴγ
һɹɵľͬϫ䣬Լʮ֮ͻȻһرˮգ
һе˶ˣ֮ж
ھ֮ڣһ޴ĺӰ֣֮˵ĳˮȥ¶һ˿ݣ
һߣ
һޱȾ޴ߣ
Ԫ治ûмߣһսʱ򣬾һ߱۵Եˡ
ǺһһֻӱģûκεĿɱԡ
¶ˮĲ֣жʮɳҲ֪ȫ¶һεȵȻ
ߵͷ֮ϣӺҪһˡ
Īⶫܻ
̵֮˽ˣһشţǵǵ̾Ϊ߶ģ
񣺡ˣ̵ĵǣߵݣ׼ӭʥ
̵ļʮȫڵأϵĤߣ̬ȱǵڻҪ
ԭǶˣһ޴ĶȻǱǸǵս
սдȥıҪ
Ԫ³һĿضߣˮʲôǶĳ
׷ѪħһٶˣҪҲãƶɮ˻ɣΨһսˣʤ߿ܣ˭ǵһ


706 ط
ųĴ˲ûƽϢһƬĩյľ
ԭڳû˭ģǰĽоĳɹҲ֪ʲôԭܺͶϵϣǻԪΪһĳصϵġ
ͺñֲ󣬲Ǹȫģƫƫˮ﷢ˣ˵ĳֲֿôˣҲǶ
ԻԪ澲صȴţŶΣһôҪ
̵˹ڵأΰֲĴߡ
Ҳˣ˵Ҳ˵ˣԭ˻˶۰Ͱ͵صȴŶ
ˮֻ֮ǳߣ˲û
һ󣬻ûͲסˣǴҲܻشʣֻöߵһ̵ӵˮԺãºȥΪʲôʥû
ЩǰĴߣǴϵĻҲֻܲӲͷƤˮȥ
ߵһ۾עӽˮˣûһ˿ĸ飬ӱͷƤ飬ǴϾߴֻˮȥ
ۿһֻžҪˮ֮УͻȻһ˴һľٶ
ſ޴߿ڣһ̽ͷûӵ壬ֻôһͽ븹У
ӵģߵɤ۶ðֱӽˡ
ͻı˶ˣ̵ˡ
ʥûг̵֣Ȼ̳Խڵĵӣֱ޷ܡ
˵ḷ̌ԭֵȴسһ
˻ڷ籩֮дιĶ𣿺ǲ̫Ѻð
ѽȻһ浱һñԵ
ǵĶôûѽǲǿԭǿ׳ŵòҳˣ
̵Ĵɫ࣬ľٶ͸Ҳֻߵˣǿ֪ʲô˼
߻ʣ¼ֱ˵Ķϣжٰ׺ͶӣоԶֻʣôˡ
ػ˵ˣٰ׺Ͷ㿴ңҿ㣬϶׵飬Ǽô
ԶһҲû˵ն֪Щʲô
ϼڲ²ʱͻȻͷ֮з˷ŭ˻
߱УԲһĽҾ޴ҡΣһβʹԶ˳صسں֮ϣһˮֱϰɣҪһ
˳ˮĿͶУطմԼɵĸ߶ϣһֻ޴
ܶ˶ֻҲϤˣǻԪĽ۵ԭֻһֱϡ
ֻΪʲôҪ˴ĵأΪԩҶͷ
Ԫܹܵ۵߶е⣬۵ĴҲкĵ⣬ͬʱҲļɵ
֪ߵ۵ʹʵԲ̶ˣҲ׽һЩߺΣգڵĽ۵Ķ֡
ϣ۵Եߣȷʵ̵ѪԵϵˡ
ѹ置Ǹ˻˵˲ŹԪģѾͨԣ֪Լĳˡ
Ȼͼˮ֮ϵĽ۵ûгɹ󣬱ĿͻȻԶĻԪ棡
ԪʱһݣоԼͷҪˡ
ȻԪ沢ûͷֻһָоߵĿ̫Լ;û¶ڡ
ͷ˿ԭ˵ˣԪֲõĸоƶͬʱߵ˵ңһȦӵģǶҪôöԸģ
ҽöͷӦһҲʵûʲôսˣɣѾȷǻԣҩһˡ
ҲûĿܣֻȡսսְᡣ
໨ͶһʦõЩ֣໥ţ۾ڵϢʼûҪȥǱԪֹˣ˵ɡ
Щ˿Ǿܲסߵĳӽ۵ϢԪ֪ߵ̶ȲڴϺͰĽ֮£ս츳ֵ쾡£޷ֿĴڡ
߻ԪڽţͻȻˣ
ˮ͵س˳Ҳǵһοߵȫò
ʮɳӣ𳵳һ¡¡ľʹӺˮڳ˳ˮưôһ
ٽϵǶЩײ˸ţֱӱѹ£ʬ޴档
ٶѾԽ˾󲿷ֵָ֣Ԫ濴һĻûκεͣʩչṦֱԶ۶ȥ
ĿǸΪһͨ治ʩչҲԼȥѡ
Ǿˣǵ͹ߵٶȣӽβʱ򣬴һٵİβ޴βնŻԪ
Ԫ治ұβͳУòһת뿪ԭķ
û뵽ߵĿ겢βڡ
޴βͳ˽ϣֱͨӴ
籩һ̳𣬽¡¡ݣڱ׷
Ԫнп࣬߾Ȼ˹û뵽һλ鷳ļƻǲ갡
Ǵ׷ĻԪ滹رģȻ̶ϻԶԶȲˣ׷ԼҲǺס
Ǵ׷ԪʱǱߵĴǾȻٴζˡ
϶˵̵ĵǣǵѾȥԸԭСǵһˣоһսӣͼ̣ԶͷʣĵҲǻ뿪
̵ĵӺȻӦȥԸһˣʣ˸ΪǣȻԭһռƣֶӵ£ԲµսԺԲˡ
תͷԼһʣļսҲǶٰסӺ;Զˡ
λûʲôɣûĻھȥԷɱɣ
˷׷վڴϵ׼ԭһ˶ˡ
ҽóֽ֣ӿЦ¾ǽõһսˡ
ԪԶʱ˭ԭ֣
ϼ˿ʼ٣ԭһ˳˹
öܿԷеסеĽһֻóǽþսҲҪ汳ġ
ڶԷӽ׼ƴʱͻȻСֱַǵļϡ
ŮĻͷֻ໨Ͷ粻֪ʲôʱվ
໨վڰ󣬺ѾȫָЦŶ˵ãսǲܺһֻԪԺԹҵġ
Ҳ˲ǵĲдѪɫ΢΢Щ԰ףǺҲûдˣ԰Ƕٰ׺ͶͽǽͽĺãòҪ̶ֿȵķǵս
ҽŵؿˣǡô
ûнͣս˰ҽǰ棬໨ҪһУԪ滹Ҫǵİ


707 ˮڵħ
Ƕԭʿ˶ʱ໨ͶͻȻվ
СŮһվʹ˴һǿѹ
ǴηǣܹоŮˣԲǺöԸġ
翴˰ҽһۣǵǸʦһӦǸϣʦڣԷŲֽš
ҽòؿ໨һۣϵĿֲ˶֪ģԪ涼Ƕ֣ѵ໨嵽
໨תͷ򶫷磺ʣ˾ͽʦˡ
ĺˣٰ׺ͶͽҶǾԲŹǵġ
˵꣬һΣֱٰӭȥ
ϸոͻȻһǿľֶȻɱֱʺ첻µزµĴϾȻоĽ٣Ŷʱðһëæڿƣǹɱķ
໨һѽķɵ۾΢΢ңңϣ䲻
ϼæ˺üƣǶûܰ໨ľôȥһǰҽҳֽվ໨ȫ䱸ûκεĿɳ֮
ƽʱҽõˮƽȻڴϵڱ໨ͰҽȥҲûаն㿪ǰѷɵˣ°ҽ赲ԼƬ̾㹻ˡ
Ƭ֮ɱԲûǸա
γһֹŹֵĶţȻ໨ҲûоԵİ÷ɵɱϣǸղͶͻȻ򣬽Ҳһ
ƺҲ״ס϶໨˵ҲܲˣϿԼԲԸһӦҲⲻɡ
ߵĸγɶţǱ߿ѸٵĽˡ
ɱٰ׺ͶӱͶη壬ڸǲҷֿϾԶ˻Ϊ֮ƣȫӦԶ硣
ٰУ󣬾ԶңΪ벻磬һֲףҲˡ
֮󣬶൱ȫԴˣ°ƺϣȻһ־ɱԲڽڰˣ޻֮
ֳսս໨֮ϣ֮Ҳ͵ˣԲܵ
ƴȫҲͺͶ罻ֲӣάͣǶ߱ˣ
һƬ£ƣӦʱ򣬶ʩչŲƴ˼˵һһ룬ֱӴ̴˶ӵļ򣬶ʱʧȥ˴ս
˵ĶһãԶٰ״ٰף̫ͣǼǶ֣쳷ɣ
Ҫﳷ˶һۣȻͬ˼ͬʱƣԶֱ˶һȻЯֶˣֱˮ֮жȥ
ǴҲ򵥣ǶĶ粻׷ˮ棬Ȼһ⵽ߵ׷ɱ
ڴ߻׷Ԫ棬ȻҲǡ
üžԶ˹ԥһ£һŲƵ˾ԶһƣԶڵء
˵Ҳ֪زأ֮Զûһ
ŵ˾ԶûŹٰ׶ˣʲôߵ׷ɱǲ˵ˣѵˮͲҪԸ𣿾ͲҪȥȻԪ
òԥĽ¼٣ֱӱˮС
ٰ׶˶ʱðû뵽ǵĺ֮ʱҲںͣˣʩչṦѵˮһֱˮȥ
û˿ͣµˮҲ׷ɱȥ
ȻƽſգԪԶڰѴߵ׷ͻȻ׷ɱˮ֮ڣʱͷ󼱣æʩչΣգ㿴
˻ԪĴͣһ£æˮȥ
ȻˮһźƣƺڴӺˮ
⻹ǻԪΪսһֱܲŷֵģڳˣǸûз
Ѿ׷ɱ˵زóȻȥ绹ЩģԪһ绹еصٻں໨ֻɱϣһǾˣСΪˣ
žֻú޺޵˱ӵıӰһۣתӺˮڷء
ٰ׺ͶӶ˲֪Ƿ׷ֻܵͷܣһ·ˮĵش
ٻͷѾû˶Ӱֻľǵߣ֪ߵˡ
ʩչعۿȴְѾˣǵ۸ȥ
ʩչṦˮϣԥǲǻȥϵʱͻȻһͷضԶٰ׵ٰף㿴ʲô
ٰҲæȥŷ־ڶ߲ԶĵطһγɣһźڣԽԽŨ
𽥵ģһӰش
ȻЩǶ˻ϡֱܹ棬һ֮¶ʱϲԭǰǰ㻹û£̫ˣ̻ȥɱǸȮ
ǰĽ㣬ʱһ˫۾ѪѪģں֮ԵЩɭɭģ׶Ŀɨٰ׺ͶӶˣ˶ʱ¶һ㼦Ƥ
ȻĽ㿴ȥһˣǶ˲֪ôģô˿̵İĽǳС
ǰôˣ
ٰ̽һ䣬ͻȻĽ㷢һЦ
Цʮ˲֮ڵĹޣĶ鲻Խش˸¡
ôˣ¿أ̫ˣУǵĸоҲ治
ȻǰĽڿڣȴǰĽеģ˿Էǳȷ˵ǴûΪ̫أһĻֻⱲӶˡ
㡭ǰǰ𣿡
ǰĽȻҲ˳ƺǰһС˰ˣģֻǰĽǶѣҵĺǣ
ǣ
ٰ׺ͶӾ㵣ƺһЩʲô
ӻ¶Щ㡭ѵǡȻǡ
ؽˣӣ¶ˣôϷĺӣɣصҵɣ
Ľ˵Ļȴ΢΢ز࿪һ㣬óǸеĵشڻӭٰ׺Ͷ߹ȥ
Ѿ˺ܶණ¶ڶţ²ˮˣԴҡú˹һǰǰֻ΢С㻹ǷŹǰɣͻȥսͻȥ
˵ŻѾ־ģ˼ͻȻͬʱֽһͬʱתȥȻܿûˣǻȡһᣬֻҪܳ˵ܻ
ĽǹЦ⣬￴˱ܣֻ΢΢̧֣ŶһָкţǣҪȥɣˮףϷ
˵Ҳ֣ôĹָٰ׶˾ȻûκεֿͣĿͣȴʧǵȥ
һնһͷ󣬶ٰ׶Ѿʧԭأֻ°Ľ㻹ں棬ĿؿԶĺϡ


708 
֮ϣٸϻصʱ򣬴϶ʱͱɫ
Ѿ໨ͶȡͻƣŮ˵ǿҲţԲʱ򣬾ԲĶˮƽһôʰģͬʱǰԲЭԼЩ鷳ˡ
սʼڣһֱǴݵ̬һжļƻ֮ڽУֱɣʥȴûгʱһЩ仯
໨Ͷͻƣڴ˴ϵļƻսʱ̣͵طԭڻսˣֻʣԼһˡ
ŶϻԼĸŮΧʱ򣬴ϳ鴤˼£ЦãúúãվһսˣϷҲκˣУպʥЧȮ֮أտܼܲʥδ֪ˣҲãĸ澵ѪϷɣ
ϵĻ˵׷裬¾磬˵Ѿﵽһ۷״̬
һʱڷű仯
ȷڣΣĿİ̡ϼת硢õϼ
ʯɽٵصأ޿ײ롢ַǡķεıѩ
Ӹ汸ڵǺӣءǿƥİ硣
ӾˮͶ䡢ʽɹء׺âšĿˡ⻤ǹĽء
ɱѪֱϾΪ֮ɫѪ񷣬һֱ޺ڶסϢ档
̶̵ļ˲䣬ϵ˻챦ȫݻ̡
໨˿ˣԶĻԪ涼סˣԭˣѹԼʽڶԷǰŵʩչԭ϶һֱڲ׾ѾȫĻ챦ѹԼǶ֣
ľ֣Ȼ໨ͶѾܻܲˣһδ֪
Ȼ໨ķɵų֮ͬ޵Уȡκ׼ǱϾԲʱ˵
һոսˣܹʹ۷˿
ʹжһҲûʮְգ
ϧԼھȻԼټȥ´ͷۣԼͼŮһҲܸŰ
໨Ȼ֪ϵʱ˭ܹô࣬Ƕڻ챦Ҳûʲô̫оոսʮ㣬ɱ񣬷ɱʱҲ߶ʮһĸһ֣ŴϾɱ˹ȥ
ʮĻ챦Ҳ˶ೡսԲҲûҵʵ˵ĽһʱޱȼңɱľΧķ׵綼޷
һ֣ͻԪҲࡣ
ϵһʹȻһʱ侹Ȼѹ໨ˡ
Ȼ໨ûʹ÷ɵȻĽ뻹ûзǻԪţս󣬼ʹܹɱϣĸ˭ܻ˵
밲ҽÿµֵסĴϣǵҪκҲһ𵽸ŵãսǶ磬໨ֳս
ʹ໨ɵܹ´Ҳδػȥ֮Ҳûʲôֿġ
Ԫ治ܿķ֮¸ɴԴʥţħǴǣ赲һߣ
ʥţħĦȭƵһսˣͬ࣬Ҳܹ͸ǿļһｻ档
õ˻Ԫʥһδţħ̺¡¡ضŴ߳˹ȥ
ƶ׷ɱԪ棬ԼСһŵļһҲû̫⣬ÿԪٶһ㣬´˸򣬴ߴϲſѪھҪҧȥȴʥţħɱ
Ԫʱ˸ôߵͷøʥǴᡣ
ʥȻûйԪ׼ߵĴͷĽɫԲˣ͵һͳ˹ȥ
̱Ͼǵ£οѪһʱʥĹӳһţټͷշɳȥԶӶȥ
ʥһУţħǱҲûţͷϽӽ׳ļֱӺݺݵش̽˴ߵ֮ڣһͷ̽ȥһͷðͷ
ƾǿĳţħŴһ·񱼣ֱ޴Ĺﱼܳȥһٶף
һߺţħ֣ԪҲ˲ˣƲߣֱ໨ʹǱߵսŶȥ
ʹڵϷţħóȥԶŤԭطǿţħƥУʧȥ˳󣬱ߴˤһͷ
صѪʣֱ֮Щˣҡһ±ʥһһԴ׼Ŀ꣬ݺݵضţħһҧȥ
ţħܴȻܽţħһȥɲ̣綾ͬɱﵡ
ţħڵû߾ҧ˹ۿ޷ʱĴʥͻȻ˴ͷ·һٻļ
飡
һػһߵԴֱԼʮɸߣصˤһԡ
δʥĳ΢ִһ㣬ĲǺܵ˺Ǻܴ󣬷Խطͣһξ޴һҡֱӱŴʥ˹
ɱдߵıɱߵͣǽɱҲ׾ٵ顣
ʥһģҪ㿪ߵĽɱû뵽ߵͷȴյҧ˹
ʥڿж޿ɶ㣬ɴؽĴһ֧
ҧ̫ͣһֱҧ˴֮ϣȻֱ֧һʱ޷պϣ
ʥһˡ
ߺݺݵ˦һͷɫͱ˦УʥһҪæܹȥӣָ˴߻ᡣ
ߴһǰ׼һҧסеĴʥ
ʱţħӵţƢˣܲ˵һͷײȥ
û뵽ţôˣһС֮ٴαײ˸š
ţħһ³ǲ赲ģʹҲһٴαţħײԭطֶһ͸
ˣ߷ˣβصһ³ţħϣţԭطʹĽ
ɾڴ׼ɱţħʱ򣬴ʥѾ˹ӻæصһš
ҰҡҰ㣬Ǳ߰æȻǴߵĶ֣ʤͬЭһʱ佫ߴûˡ
غϹ󣬴ʥţħһҲ˲ᣬʥĿ׶߳ûˡ
ţħңղһСı߲סǴʥڴߵԴϣֻ¾ʹҪˡ
ߵҲ̫ãԴϱʮӣϱײĸѪѪţĿײУȻ˲ᣬȻţԼܹɱѿĶ
⼸Ұ޵ĲɱͷǱ߻ԪԮ໨ˣҲҪֳʤʱˣ


709 Ա
ֱԪһʹϽֵʱʶ϶Ŀ¡
ǻԪ治ƾ໨˵Ļ֪ʲôʱܽ¡
챦ϰʮ㣬ϵĹѾԽڳˣ֮ǰİĽҲ
ԪԺ̳ΪԼһƾǿʹӲӲڳγơ
໨ڲúʹˣ˳һ㣬ɵУѰһʵĻᡣ
ҽҲʱˣٴγΪ໨ĻҲǻԪ˼ս£ǵҲ󣬷пܳΪ׸
ǻֽţԶ໨޴вԻԪͶֽԵЩˡ
߶˼ޣֺƺƵԲʮɣγһģĿռ䣬໨Լ
ֶӵ£ԷķΧ֮ڣȷʵ໨Ҳ¶һ˿Ц⡣
֮ǰһֶûа취Ϊĵֵҵķɵ𣿡
˵Ż໨΢΢ر۾һɵľԽ˶ԷĿռ䣬ңң˴ϵϡ
ոհ໨ҪĴԴðˣû뵽໨Ȼ˲۾Ҳֳı£һڱΰ취ûˡ
Ҫǲˣ̾ϢһˣϷǼʥȻˣǼС͸Ϸɣ
˵Ϣתʮ챦˸ʵǵ۷壬ֱԪ
ۿϾҪƴҲʹóǿֶΡ
ȷѵǶ磬ʱһеγһƬܼı꣬ɷԲֱк£
ߵȫ̺ţ뺣н벽
һƣ
֮˸ֱӴı㣬ĺǣֱеĴϵĶദҪ
صһ룬Ϲ˶Էۣ
ǴѾǷ״̬Ȼദˣζûʲôͣ٣ԪȥƺһȦƺҪըһ
ԪɫأԷҪԱˡ
ԱҲ˭ܱģҪжصķţּĸԱֻ¶ҪˣԪӲˡ
ʱ򣬻ԪûˣϾֻв׵ľ룬ٶȼ죬Ҳ˲ȥ
żƣԪѰһѵĴ϶ֵĻᡣ
ظոչȥԶ໨ڳˡ
ʧȥһֻ۾ĴٶȺܿ죬ڿת䣬ѵĳʱᣬ໨Ҳˡ
ķɵ⻹ǵһγ֡
ӾЧϿ໨ƺһѼǹһٶҲͬһ㣬˵Ĵϱ޿ɱܣƺҲûдܣֱӱɵᴩţһѪ⣡
˲һ˿Ұϸоļʧ廹ûͣƾ͵س˻Ԫǰ
ۿϼʱԱԪڶˣ
֮ǰϵԱԿƵģڣߵͷѾܿԱˣԪҪģһ̣
һŲʩչԪ˴ϵĲ棬Ѿõڳˡ
ϣȥ̻ɣڣ
һյľ޴ӰԪ˳ȥ˴ϡ
屻ص׷˳ȥǴϵɳԶʱԱڷˡ
ţԱɿƵط
񵼵ըһ޴ڱ˳
ҪȥѰѪˣѾʧؼ䣬ֻʮĻ챦˷ĳȥۿɼĳɢ
ԪͶϱȽϽԱԪԥص˶ǰ罿С崦Լı֮Уƾǳϳ
궼ɢһ޴ԭس֡
ȥ˴Լʮӣ̳ɢȥ¸ƬԲ֮ڣԭеһЩľĨƽΪһƬĲë֮ء
Զ໨ͰҽǾôԶܵɳ𵴸ˡ
ǼĵվƣҪԪͶôˡ
ǼʱȴǼȵĵһĻ
ŻԪںˣԪֽȻ˲ˣѾǽһƬƤⷭǱʱµġ
ǵĶ棬ζ˹
ߵĻȫ˺ۣʮѪͣţǶţħµġ
ԴҲƤҲϹһֻ۾ͷȫץۣǴʥµġ
ʥʹצȥץȻΪʧȥ˹ӣ˺ۺܲɣӦʱ̵Ĵʱóġ
Ԫ濴ߵ˺ۣһɱͷӿѾܲʥţħϢġ
Զ֮УƺӰԪ֪ǾǴʥţħʬ塣
һΪ˸Լȡʱ䣬ʹಫǲǿĶ֣ѾӢ¾ˡ
Ԫܹţħо綾ƴţײȥĳ档
Ҳܹ󵽣ʥʱ̱߲סʧȥ˹ӵҧץڴߵĽɱ֮¡
ѾţҲֺɽˡ
ǵмֵģڸԼӮʱ䣬ΧɱڳɹǸʱ߸ֻھҪתˡ
ȻУǶѾ˲٣ʥţħƴ˵úأԪ漸״̬ãڴ߿¶ҹ
ڻԪ˶ϵԱŪ˺ۣ߲侮ʯĹˣһˡ
Ԫ˵ʱ΢ĶԶ㻹֧һ𣿡
ѵص˵ͷȻҲܵ˴ԱĳһֱڻԪı֮£ܵ˺С໨˵״̬ҪһЩ
ǶҲֲ֪ȫ״̬£²ܻߣģֻһʱˡ
໨Ҳܣɵɱ޵Уɱľ޴Ѫûôˡ
Ԫ׶˼㲻صģһӮˣֻҪܼһʱͺãǵľǣ
һ£˳ŻԪĿ⿴ȥֻߵԶԪ˵̶ʱҡҡλεվƺҲҪߵս
Ӧ˶ĳˣⳡսûмֵܹ
ˡǵľǣ
û໨ֵߣãǿЩҹȥѾûˣ
Ԫ濴໨Ͱҽ˹̴
Ҳ֪һЩԪĵϸҲ˻Ԫͼ񣬶໨ȥ赲ߣҽǷɿ˻Ԫߣ˵ĺУ̵ֱĶ϶ȥ


710 ﵽԲıڤ
֮һܹѾ־㹻ǿˣĿսĹ̡
һ̵̣Ǳ״ݻˣԱ̵ĸѾʧȥˣʥĻһսͲˡ
ɱǾ޴ţֺͺԺֿϣ
ԷҲѾǿ֮ĩˣȥǵ鷳ԼǸܽһ򾡣
Ǹʱ򣬼ʹʥҲûϵˣ¼вĶֶѾȥԼǵһ
ǿվ׼ߵʹˮ
û뵽ԷǸƺ˵Ĳأܺƴɱ
໨ƺзɳһѰһᡣ
ŮӣڼһԼﱼҪʲôѵܻԼɣ
úͰ״̬ȷʵ̫ãսļҪ֧Ųסˣ󻹱ϵıըҲ˲ᣬŻԪ汼ܵȷʵǵＫˡ
Ԫ״̬ǣȻҲᱻǼݹûа취ˣֻһ
ۿӽˣϼһﻹ׼ԼƴɱԪߵİҽǽɹ
һҧջԪķԸʹֱ϶ȥ
׳ԪͬʱҲ֧Ųס˫˫ڵأȻֱ˻Ե״̬
ԪҲܲˣŶȥ˫ſ
ŻԪŴ󿪣Цһͺ¿ɱôˣϷ˽㣬ΪȥֵǱ𣡡
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ŭһֱָԪţ
Ԫ۾΢΢ŶԷָԼǰأʱĵòˣѾ޷ʩչԵѧþʨӺ𶼲ܷˡ
ǻԪȻĴ㣬ĿǰΨһʩչģǷⷨЩˡ
ЩҪʲôԪκʱãʱá
ۿӽ˶ϵʱ򣬻ԪԺͻȻⱩ
һźȻ֣â䣬ϲԪ滹ôһУܵһ۾ֵʱͻһ
һǻԪҪĻᣬԷĹѻͲԴ̴ԼˣԪ˫۴ţһѽرס
ĳײ֮£Ҳ˵岻ܣԪصײڵء
ĺУŪְϷ𣿡
ϷֻҪɻɱԪ档
о˶ԷĴҲʣ޼û֮ǰ޿ƥеˡ
ǾҪѶԷʱͻȻоԷһֻưԼĵС֮ϡ
ʲô
̸о˲ãԼȻͬբŵĺˮһɿ˳ŵԷӿȥ
ȻȡϷΣ
ϱ汬ϣѻԪ棬ֻҪȫչȥԼͻлᡣ
ԪҲ;ƿݵľ棬־û˿ļ֪ǲ˳ȡϵԼ޷ȥԮ໨Ͷ磬ôһεսʹɱ̵ȫԱûġ
ö˳뿪һֲֻסԷһֻȡͬʱصһͷײ˶ϵı֮ϡ
ȻûʲôˣͷǺӲģϱԪײһ£ðǣͷǣ嶼Щ
ţܿͱȡ˲һ롣
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ָΪ˵ľ̫޷ţһָӻԪ²˽ȥ
Ѫӿָڶƴһ£˻ԪĽղ塣
ǻԪ˿Ϊɴһںݺݵҧס˶ϵĲӣ˫ҲյĲס˶ϵƼѹм䣬Ҫˡ
ּƲһ𣬻ԪǴҲ֡
ϵָȥγȻٴηһָڻԪһѪ
ʹߴΣԪһƬѪģһõطˡ
ǶȴҲ޷ԼָˣΪڻԪ治Ϸֵ±ȡ˸ɸɾ
˫ָȥҲ޷˺Ԫˡ
ԪоҲ޷ӶԷʱ򣬲ڷſ˶ϣڵϣڵغš
ܻŵĸоãʱپһ㣬ֻԼҪڶԷˡ
ûȥߵĻԪ棬ǽֲΡΡ̧
ϧϷָ꣬ȴҪ˽Լ
һ䣬ǻûӮʥ˼һ֣һ
˻ߵĹֽһþһָԼʺ
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Ԫ濴˶һۣĬȻսԤϲˣžһսˣֻ֮궼˰ɡ
£սҪȥԪ浥֧ŵ棬ȻɺأǾ˶Ĳ£ıڤһ޴ͻƣ׼Բ۷һԾΪԲ
ȻȫָҪʱ䣬ǱڤﵽԲ֮󣬻ԪѾȫԲ״̬ãʵΪǿᣡ
ԪûʱȥעԼʵָ˶٣ֻͨ໥תڤ񹦵ͨתΪʱԼϵ˿ڣȻͼظȥҪȥ໨Ͷ磡
Ǳ໨ͶѾ߱ƵķǳǱˣԷ޴ȷʵӦǵķɵͽʱʧȥӦеܸһһ
ۿΣԪ¼ӿ죬·ҽߵʱûͣ
ڷɿ챼۵ʱͻȻԶһ
ԼһԪ滹ǵã滹жħ٣
ԣõħٽ磬Ȼֳȥߣ
ԪһӶֱ˰ûпһǴʩչȥħֱӷɵ˻ԪС
٣
Ԫһ֣ħֱֶȥ
һԾ֣ʱо˲ٵĵ
ŵսǸֶԾħٷЩ޷ɱ˴ˣħٸһЩ
ٽ磬ԪҲ˹Ѹٵļսţͬʱ໨ţ໨׼ɵϹһֻ۾ǽҪʥţħ𣡡
ʿ߰׼ɱĴߡ
սң˭Ҳûע⵽ӺİĽ㣬Ѿ˰ߣ


711 ޵
ˮ˻ʲôƶһԶҷֿγһˮӯĺ·
Ľ˫ֱӺ̤˫ߣմȾһˮ顣
Ҳ֪ƿնУȴƫƫҪںϿһͨ㲻װƣ˿֮һΪװ
ĽȴԵֵشӺ˳һֱ˰ߵʱͣ½ŲĿ⿴ΧߵĻԪˡ
߹ȻʵǿǱʥţħԺҲֵסԪ˵ΧˣԪ汱ڤͻƵԲ֮ʵָ٣ߴ̣ۿѾΣڵϦˡ
໨ķɵѾƴֻҪķɵ֣Ϲߵһֻ۾ôߵĩվ͵ˡ
Ľ΢΢ü뿴߱ԪɱֱӿڳС߲ģٸϷס֣
ɳĦɳһһԶսļ˶ǻһ飬Ƥˡ
𾪵ģȻ޷ֱֹӴ뼸˵ĶĤͷһ˲ؾסˡ
˸о߲ƣֹͣ˶ԴߵΧѸٵľ£һ𣬻ͷˡ
һǰĽʱ򣬻ԪסˣǰĽûôоһأ
һ˫ײбŰ۾ʹʮԶɿԸܵǿҵɱз
ֱǻһ˫۾
Ȼٰ׵ĺɫ͹ˣ˵۾ȴȶٰ׸棬ںɫ벻һֻ겻ĸо
Ԫָоߵ໨ҲɻصԪ棬ΪʲôҸо˲ǰĽأ
Ԫûлش˻𰸵ġ
ϰĽ㲢ûۿǣǶ֣ҿЩɵļһｫôˣ
ߺĽĻһһֻȻ¶ί飬Ť޴Ľķȥ
һֱ˰Ľǰߵ˾޴Դ˰Ľǰ
ⳡޱȵĻһССˣȻһ׵ǰһҳһĴߵԴ
һӿŵĺǣ֮˴ߵȫ
⻪һܿģ߻˺۾Ȼ˴룬ҡξ޴βֱͣ
ˣصԺˮҲԶļˣϷӦ㣬һʶһº󡣡
ߵ㶯˼¾޴ԴȻһŤʧˮС
ԪԶü߾ôܵˣֻպҪ鷳ˡ
ǻ˵ҲǷܳߵˣǰİĽʵѾɲ⣬˵ܱܲס˵
ȻĽڴߺ󣬲ŽĿͶ˻Ԫˡ
ȿ˿磬ȻһЦǶ磬ǰεҲȽҹĶӡ
ûлشĽĻ䱸ؿˡ
ĽҲΪ⣬ֿ໨໨仨֮ȽҹĴͽܡ
໨ŷɵѾȷ˲ǰĽˣĽ㲻˵ô˻˭أ
ķɵ˺ˮ໨һû˳оһɳȥĻʮа˾Ż޹ġ
ĽŲƶţܿ˾˴ԼʮԶĵطͣ໨ͶѾͷǲ֪ôȽҹϷˣҲǹ֮ô˲ǷǵǰϷ̣Ϊʦ֪ȻŹǡ
໨Ͳסеĺ棬һ䣺㲻ǰĽ㣬˭
Ľȴһ£ȻطһЦ겻Ϸ˽˲Ϥˣ⻹ǰĽ壬ˣȻǼңҲԵϷ͸ǣҾǶ
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ӣΪϷϡֻΪϷıʱԲŲ߱ҿƵ˼䣬һˣΪôðȻҲǳǼʹ׵磬ҲѵһľˣϷܿİ
Ľ˵Ż˫쿪ƾ£ϵ˸ͨ͸ĺԡȻ֮еĸо
ʱԪڿˣԭǶô֪ƶɮ˭
Ľ㡭ʱӦýˣ۽ǵ⣬Ӹµ̬Ʋ˻ԪһۣϷ֪㣬¼֯ߣҲεµĳһ䣬㻵Ϸ£Ϸ涼
ӷ𣡡
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Ԫ˵꣬һͻȻһЦУȻҽǣֱǻǼʹңһһء
ǾխˣǶʩϹ齵Ļƶɮһ·
Ԫ棬˵ʲô˿Ƕ¼κ˶ܷŹΨܷŹһԴͷѽ
ʱЩˣԱѻԪ档
Ԫȴ΢΢ҡͷ޷ҷȱûвɶȻ֮ˣֻҪԸ齵Ĺ죬ôҲ֮ţ֮ʮ֮꣬Ϳȥɽһ֪ɮ
֪ɮöȥ֪ɮ
໨ЩԼĶˣԪں˵ʲô
Զѳ֣µҵϣȻҲǶһҾꡣ
Ľ㿪ʼ΢ЦŻԪ񴵺٩ž;òζˣЦһԲѵСУȻϷ̣ҲãϷھͱ㣬ǲǻֲܼ¶棿
ˣ
Ԫ漸ͬʱ˻Ԫ֮⣬໨׷׻ͷҪǷˡ
ǻԪûжɽضǰĶȻҲͷڲǾŵʱ
Ȼ໨Ͷͷ֮һҲûС
һĺУ֪ϷڲǣҲãȻ㲻ϵôϷһҪõĴһˣǲţϷҪԸǼ϶أȻ˷һ㣬ϧѽϧ
˵Żָ£ȻͻȻ쿪
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ԷʹõȭƷָֻǿһŽɫĹߴķ֮ͺñİһɽӿ˹
Ԫո뷴ͻȻһֻһ죺
һǿס˫ֵ֣ĹȦһֱӽ໨˫̶ֹסˣƾ輸ڵȻѣ
ɫ߳屻߸ߵ׷ɣûһķ֮


712 ʱߵľѧ
谲Ľˮһ޵е̬׵ػ˻Ԫˡ
ֹһĹʽҲŵһʽֵ𺳷θԪȻѪϼˣǵزˡ
ŻĲǰӸµؿŵصĻԪ棺֪ߵغСУ΢ĩУҲҽֻĽ壬Ƕ޷ֵɨˡ
ĵ̾Ϣһ˻̵̾Ҫ˽ˡ
һָֻ߸ߵ̧𣬶Ŀɨ໨Ͷ磺Ѿͷǲ̫ģʦϣǵĳͷ͵ΪֹˣһǵʦʱҪǸ˵Ҷĳ˺ܿȥġ
ˣСУ
ҪɱֵʱͻȻ֮дһ춯߸߾ֲͣˣĿա
ˮһĩվ󣬿籩꣬һ̣ͻȻ˱仯ֻ֮һͬһ˺յƣɢ˷籩ƽϢ˾ˡ
Ʊ˺֧飬ܿ컯ΪС
£䵽˶ϣ̧ڵ⣬¶ɫ
ǴģѳɣûκεԸģΪʲô
Ԫڵϣһľʹ̫һǾսθ˺󣬻Ԫ汾״̬ҲﵽһıԵԲ˲ñһ֡
ǻ˵ʹ״̬ã϶ҲǶĶ֣ӹɵģֻӦܶһˡ
ڵȻ⣬˵Ԫ߼ٵʹˣǱ߻ڹע仯ôˣ
üͷ˫վ˼һͻȻ¶ɫ
ѹְѹ֣˵ô쳣أԭǰһУöѣ
Ԫһ£ϸ۲֮ϣͻȻҲоˣ֮ϵı仯ȷʵЩ쳣һУ͸¶һֻþζ
ԪҲûþмˣֻ̫أԲһʱûע⵽
ת˲֮䣬Ԫ뵽Ϊʲôˡ
֮ʹûþģԼ֮⣬žֻǼˡ
ȻҲͻԪ뵽ͬһЩˣĿ䣬ʣ¶޵Ĺ⣺ļ϶һٶǻûʱջҪֹĳˣʱߣ
֮ϲӰһɽ֮лصڳ˶š

ߵԪ໨ġ
ϹǼ϶û
ǰǼ֣֮ʱǾ֪㲻ưոݣʵҲ͵ȴһأǰܻ㣬ջһġ
ͷڻǰ裬嶼ЩǼϲģ֮𣬶ĳ˴ӲǲңҳԺҲһɱڵġ
ӷգȥԲ˿ûмһҪǰǼˣһҲȴԸˣ㻹ǻصȥĵطȥɣ
˵Ż֮䣬֮Ӱϱĸʣĸʱķվ̤ƣϼ⣬ˡ
ʱ̧ͷؿϵļʱߣЦϼһǼΪһȥˣҶǻûзǾôаսջܽ𣿡
˵ãһԱ֪
ڵֻ˵˼仰ļ˸һԲҲڸ˵ĻԪˣûȥɣ񣬶ֱӾͶԶˣ
ڳ˰Ԫڣǵһοʱߵ֡
һڻþ֮еսǲʱʵһС֣ڼλʱߣǵǿ״̬
ͨʿĳֲͬ⼸λʱ߲ûз֮˾ģ
һּȻʱߵĿɳΣ
֮䣬֮һƬƬľľȻʽγɣظʣʱٶȵļӿ죬ԽԽ࣡
ԪֱЩɵˣּǵһμʱߵо֮϶һѹֵĸо
ЩּγƣһƬƬƣϸۿͻᷢЩּʵһƪƪľģϽѹ
һֱ򶨵ɫɴͱɫ̲סľڵͷֵصǡǧշ
ԪһǧշǷһķݣʱתУû뵽ֶȻҲܱʱãγ˺ħһı졣
վıֱ丽ĻԪȴܹоڳޱȾ޴ѹ
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һ죬ֻĽ£سһ˿ѺۣԶΪĳѿһѷˮУˮ̾͹ѷ档
ǼˣվıֱֻԪܹо֮ܲľѹ̬ƣѹԽԽ嶼΢زţ
˽ҧ촽ĵ̧ͷգϲģǵǧշôǿǵƾЩκζĳ𣿡
ʱ߸ش𣬶Ǽоģ֮ѾȫڱΣԽԽͣǴľ޴ѹȫõǿѪħϡ
ѹ󣬶޷ִݵ̬˫ֽȭͷ屻ѹĲԽԽ䣡
飡
һѪħȻǿǧշѹµȥ
Ƕ˫֧ŵ棬һְװʽǿļš
֮ϣʱߵǧշƺѾˣ߶վ֮ϣ߿滹ڿ֧ŵĶȰ㻹˰ɣǧշܹ㣬žѧǼ˵ĸӵǿ󣬿Խ֮ʩѹһ֮ǾԵֵסģٷֿɣһЩʹࡣ
岢ûг׵£ֽ֧ŵ濴ϵı飬ȴܹ˵
ҧгݵػشߣ϶֪ǿһ仰Ǿǡ˲̤ͬһҲһΡ
ɫأ˵ʲô
˵ʲôǵǧշȷʵǿ󣬵ҼǵãַԣҪ˲ŻЧɣ
ɫ䣬ͻȻ뵽ʲôش⣺˵ѵڡ
ήҲĶͻȻֱͦ壬аܵѹȵĸоЦǣΪ֮Ҳ֪͵أΪ˶ԸǧշصðĽǣǹȻмƣѵǾͲ֪Ľ屻ҵٿأ岢һǵѹʩӸ˰Ľ壬ʹѹ飬ҲԶҵĻʲô˺ôŪôŪˣҿεǧշʩչ꣬һλʲôԸң
Ȼ˵ŻĽѾʼѪڡ֨֨죬ȴûʹ֮ɫȻܾ޴ѹǲܸڶʲô˺
ɫЩѿʹˣĽҲǧշѹ֮±ʱĻǲǻҪص֮ôᣬȫԾеˣĿڵƺɣ
ߵĻȻɫһ䣺ﶮ黹٣ܿϧȻƾ谲Ľ壬һκǼԳСУһҪģûԭҲˣϷԺʱҲ˺ܶ鷳
˵궡˻ԪһۣЦһСУҪ⼸ﻹ㣬ҪάǧշֱĽ峹״ݻ٣ϧ֮ǰϷѾ㹻ȥһˣ
˵꣬ȻϵļʱûжһάһֹƣȻǱ˵ˣʱֹͣˣôǧշˡ
ʵʱǶ֪ǲǸüʹǧշˣΪȥҲɱ
ǵļȶսԣǸģǸӲ֪Ըˡ
ϱ˵һЩظڼʱߵ¶ţȻо޴ʵȴñͨһı仯ǵļƻ֮ʱǾͺѿٵһϡ
Ľǧշľ޴ѹǶΪҲüʱߵǰϷٴξһֻ֣ԻԪСУͨĽļ䣬ʵϷ֪һЩ¡һȤˣƺƽµĵҩյס
СӵİϷˣƶɮһЩ֪ҩ飬¾ûнˡ
ԪѼӣ첻ãʱˣˡ
Цһãһ֪ƺһЩ˲飬һ֮ϣҺͰĽĿһµģĳЩɱѿ״̬Ľ֣֮ҲΪһССԸɣһΣûˣ


713 
ٴҪԼֵʱ򣬻Ԫ֪´ǲԼˡ
Ƚҹ˵ͷɽһֱûгֹԪ治֪ԭҲǱ鵢ˡ
ʱ߼̣ȻˣǲûзӦеãǱһԪѾǱʲôϣˡ
µԪֻԾȡ
ڵһʱ䣬ŶʱǰϷԪԻָһ㣬Ȼ˵úأǳһлġ
Ҫ֣Ԫ浥ĵһʹӣȴʵĻᡣ
ʱҲûõģǵǧշöѹܴ󣬰Ľ岻֧̫ãҪС
ֽ£ҲûзֻԪСɸ߸ߵؾԼһֻ֣صػȥ
ԪڵʹڵǲܣΨһģڶûע⵽ĽǶȷһơ
һŵ淢ʱߵǿѹ£ȻûмʱһУһƴнף
ԪҲһɱ˶֣ǻн֮󣬶бʧȥġ
ǻԪϣģбʱߵѹܵþ͸ٲȥĽҪҲͲԼγʲôвˡ
û뵽»⣬ͷѹɽѹ䲻ܡ
Ľ϶ʼѪˣҡ˼£֨֨죬ۿҪϵˡ
ڲĵ˵ˣСУģʱȻ͵ϮĽҲܷϷʵһΣܶˡ
Ԫһƣڵϴڵشܹɹ
ϵʱǧշǿĽҲǶԶһִ
ǵĹִҲ鷳ۿҪֲסˣڲòˮȥ
ڶ֮ǰĵؿ˻Ԫһۣӻһ룬һֶԻԪ˹ͷһʧԭأһѾصˮڡ
Ԫڵ赲ķ룬оһ飬ʱʧȥһ㡣
һлԪĵȻʱס
벻ӲγֻܻصƳȥǺѣֻҪܳʱѡ
ǹҪԪˣȴһγʱɿȥɱԪ档
ʱʧȥ֧֣Ԫ޷뿪ˮģƾ໨ͶǣҲܴ뿪
ʱ໨硢ҽĸҲָһЩǿ֧˹ۿԪ
ĸҲòʲôطȥԪȻǲǵģ΢Цŵ޷ֻʱסҵѣֻҪԵĳһ£յʱָܻˡ
Цһ£Ԫ棬յʱָܹȻǺã¾¶֮ھǾûκλˡ
໨Ҳ˵ͷֿܵģҲλʱ֪ĵϸǲʡ
໨ǰʱһ㽻ģʱ̧ͷգλߣ񶡲Σ
֮ϵԥһ£ֻǽĽǰһ£ĿľǼˣɹˣǵǧշʩչһ֮´ʩչҪʮ֮ҿԿ϶˵ʮ֮
ԪҲɫأƾ輸λߵʹٴγ֣ҲûаնԸ𣿡
΢΢ҡͷ˵Ϊг֮Ҳʵ״ﵽһ̶ȣԡ
Ԫ˵ͷʱߵĻҲǺǻԪѾˣٴγ֣ʱҲûаնԸԪܹ϶ֻҪٴγʱʱҲǶ֡
Ψһİ취ǳŶû֮ǰԼЩµˮȥҵϳڣɱһݵؽ󻼡
Ԫ˵Լ뷨ʱ򣬼λʱҲڵĶ޷϶ԭġʵûȫָǱʲô֮ڻǶ۷״̬ҪԸҪС
λʱ߼򵥵һ£Ǽ̽ˮȥѰҶϳǰս
û֪ͨһ»Ԫ漸ˣǿԪЩʵȻҲǶԸǲĸ
ԪûֹʱߣҲֹˣƾն˵ؽˮǸоǲܳɹġ
Ƕϳô׾ͱҵҹƣֻͲ׵سںġ
żʱʧں֮󣬻Ԫڵ棬΢΢תͷѾ԰ȴɻ֧ŵĸŮӣЦһ£ҪϢһʱˡ
ŮûӦԪ漸ɬЦ⣬µҵ鶼á
ԪǿŷԸ˼䣬ֻҪڳģŵˣҪ飬רĵĻָϼȫĴ󻹵ʱ򽻸˶磬ȫַȥȡκһŵ˶ȥ
ÿ˶õ˵ҩͿʼˮػָսزѾЩܹͨˡ
ԪҲ˵ҩʼĳµ룬һ˿˿ľۼһŽ롣
һḶ́ԪҪĵصȴԼָҲȴλʱߵϢ
ȻоʱǲɹǻԪɱһ˿ϣϣǼܴϢһеʹ˽

ʱһعȥʱǽˮ֮Ҳûг
ԪŽĽҲǳҲ֪ȥ˼죬ԪͻȻŵһ˿
΢΢۾ֻ໨һ룬Ȼһӣ
Ԫһ£໨ָñȽϿһЩȻҲûе״̬ж磬ȥѾˡ
໨ǡ
Ԫ棬ͿˣѾǴʮˣˣһˣǴԭģһ¾ͿԳˣڵģ㳢ɡ
ԪȥΧһƬڣԴӶ뿪֮ǿ񱩵ҲƽϢֻͷܲѾܾöûпˣֲҹ
֪໨֪ϵģԪЩп˵һ䣺û뵽ھȻˣ֪ʱǿ졣
ʱ򣬶Ҳһ˹ǰһȥˣֻûҲûбڡ
ԪʱҲһӣŵ˵ʱ֣һҪõǷűڡֵģҪһӡ
˻ԪߣЩʵǰֹʱ򣬶Щʲô
ԪץһӣĢСײ˵ģ㣬һȥش𶫷Ļ갡кҪҪһҹʱҲǴǾӭµʱҶصԺ棬Ϊһ죬һǳҪ顭
ԪĻ˵ͻȻͣΪоˣڵϵͳڷʾ


714 ˳ȡ
ԪͶ˵һԼʱ飬ͻȻڵϵͳ
齱ʱ䵽Ƿгȡ
Ԫ漱æ鿴һϵͳʱ䣬ֹȻǵˣҹʮǾӭµʱ̡
Ȼ໨ǺԼϵܺãЩԪ滹ǲ뱻ֻ֪װӣȻͻȻоڵЩҪϽʱͲˡ
Ƿ׷׵ͷڼֻ˵ڿˣʱ߽ˮ֮ȫޣвɴڣҲһ̣ͻ³֡
ԻԪĻָǷǳҪ飬Ƕ֪ǳ̾Ҫߵһȥ
ԪЩǸؿһۣ˵һ䣺֣
໨ͶһۣҲظŲõЦ֡
Ԫʼעеϵͳ֮ϡ
ϵͳת̱úǰЩһˣתֻŽصĸоշǳŨ
ջԪǲȥעЩϸڵĶģһβͬˣ齱ϵͳ齱ҪһĺöһҲһ֡
ԺԪžҲԼܾõϵͳתˣ
һЩϸ֦ĩڵĵطĿܾͣãԪעŻص˽Ʒȥ
һεĽƷȻʲôɵģƷû˷࣬ôɢһĸ˸΢΢Ĺ⡣
Ŀ⿴һȦԪ淢һЩĶ
߼ѧĶȻٴγ֡
۵ҲˣԪ氵ĶҲǷǳõĶˡ
оɽġҲˣԪɽͲһûгȡˡ
оһþںϵ
ֶǵһγ֣˻ԪܴȤ
ԴӻԪĵԽԽ࣬ԽԽǿ֮󣬻þôͲǺܴˣûԪǳź
öںϵĳ֣ǳõؽ⡣
þںϵںлþÿþͬݣҳΪһþ
ϵͳĽͣԪһ£þгþмþ͸߼þֳþʲôأ
νþԪһ䡣
þȫԻԲ֣Ժ̶ܴԻ֣Ӷʵʵɹʡ
Ԫ˵ͷˡ
ֳþֻҪܹʩչôһܹԻԲɹʼǰٷ֮١
ʹ֣ҲвСļʻڻþĻ֮УǾҪֵĹԼĹˣǲ󣬿ҪԻͺˡ
ҲǷǳ޴ĽˣǰԪĻþԻ׼Բ
ĳþǶԻԪо޴ģҲҪʵõġ
˻þںϵԪɨ˼ֻۣм书ԼİǺܴˡ
һЩȵȣԪ涼һڵעͼе˼ȽͻĽƷ档
ȫԺ󣬻Ԫ濼һȥɱ󽱡
⼸Ʒ֮Уǻþںϵ۵ȶǰ֣Ԫһ󽱣רȡýġ
ǽ첻һȲҪ˵ĳ齱ˣΪҪһ㣬Ǿǽ齱
ǰÿһε齱ʱ򣬻ԪǷǳĺãҲǵһ죬ϵͳͻд󽱵ļߡ
һ죬ɱпܳɹģҴ󽱳ֵĽƷҲҪʱõöࡣ
ȷԼ뷨֮󣬻ԪغһʼԼǲ׵ļ㣬ȥо󽱵λá
һԪȷ˴󽱵ľ룬Ȼ󻺻İ˿ʼ
ϵͳڻԪȿ֮£ʼ͵س˳ȥ
תһȦ֮ٶʼ󽱵ķһȥ
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ûûб۾ԪôƽؿŹһǰһ˴󽱵λϣȻôһͣͣȵġ
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һεĴشڶԸؼʱ̳֣Ҳĳ֣ܹԪˣΪ˴תĹؼ
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ǰУԪ΢΢۾ͺһɳ۵гǰγһתĹߡ
㻺ͣһƷڳˡ
ϵͳʾ𣺡ȡ˵һƷ߼ѧǷʹöĲܣ
Ԫﲢû̫ϲ߼ѧȻǼģڵҲδؾʮǿ
ǰ󽱳ȡʱϵͳǲǲҪжĲģһȻǸ˹أȻʱҪҪĲ
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һ뷨ڻԪͷΪʲôһø߼ѧĲأܹĲһʲô벻Ķ
ϵͳʾɺ󣬻Ԫҧҧɴཫһ᣺Ĳ
˻ԪĻشϵͳת̹âʼ˸Ǹڸ߼ѧ濪ʼ⡣
ԭȽƽҲʼԪעѧϣϵͳܹԼһϲ
һϵͳʾٴϲĲóɹõ󡣡
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Ĳɹϵͳת˵ڶ㡣
һƷ֣ԪãֿŵڶƷ֡
һڶƷҲˡ
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Ԫ˷ܵغݺݻһȭͷ̫ˣ
ɽûԪ˺ܳʱˣľˮоҪγȡĻᣬѾĸ֣ͲһˣֻҪֵ֣ô֮䣬ɽб£ǵصĳԪͻἤԳ֡
ϵͳʾٴ𣺡ȡɽ֣ǷʹöĲܣ
Ԫԥػ֣
ЦȥĲģһĽƷҲûʲôǰҲûʲôϾԺгȡĻᡣ
ǻԪ֪ĳ齱ӾҪͷˣҲõʱˣʲôôԶԶˡ
һεĶĲϵͳ϶ڶγ齱ɣ󽱵ĵֳ˳ȥ
سȡýƷõһûԪ澫ܣδֶ˼ģڵƷû̫ߵҪ
ǰĹɣǲýƷģǹҲһһεĳ齱ѾǻԪ齱һջʱˣһܹȡʲôԪҲ˿⡣
û뵽ν̬֮£ϵͳȻٴθһ޴ľϲ


715 ϵͳ齱˵ݰ
Ԫ沢һ̰ĵˣڻ˼öԺѾǳˡ
˭Ҳܾĺö󽱵һΣȻƷˡ
Ĺͣ˽۵֮󣬻Ԫ涼֪ˡ
Ȼ꣬Ȼ㹻á
Ҳϵͳ֪Լûг齱Ļˣһεĳ齱Ƶг󽱣Լһ׬
ϵͳʾٴ𣺡ȡ۵ǷʹöĲܣ
Ԫûԥͻش
˲̫̰ԼõĺöѾ㹻ˣ̫̰СĻġ
Ԫ˶Ĳ֮󽱾Ͷȡˡ
ϵͳһâһεĳ齱ǽˡ
ڳ齱λģԪ滹һεĻᡣ
ϵͳʾڶγ齱ʱ䵽Ժ󣬻Ԫ沢û̳ȡǽһγȡĽƷȡ˳
ɽֵԺ󣬻Ԫ֮Ѿ˽ľˮ֣ɽѾܹʩչˡ
ǹصûԪͷһɣǼȫɽһԶʱصĴһǰħһġ
߼ѧϸ˵ˣԪõԺֱӽָˣԶָʽΪ˳ѧ
书ǿ˶ٻԪ滹ǶһԶ̵սֶΣʵһһС
ؽԪ滹ǵһ֪ϵͳϸͣǷĽ棬Աǿ⣬ɢͻȵȡ
ԼĽ̵һ飬Ԫ˽۵
˫ССĵ裬Ԫһϵ˽۵
һֱĴһͱܲסˣõ˻ԪٻԺ̴ƶ˻Ӷ˻Ԫߡ
ҩ͵˽۵ǰֻ˷ܵĴų򣬾޴һ죬ֱӽҩ븹Уûöȥ
һĵرʱҪʹֽ࣬ȥ۵ܿĽ̡
ϵĽ۵˸ŽӲӵĹ⣬ëƽһһ˫޴ӥצ̸׳
չһ£Ѿʮɣ۵ͱԭ˲һ룡
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۵˷ܵڿһȦ󣬻Ԫظо˽۵ľ仯
ԼԤϵò࣬ԼĻҪãɵĽ۵ʵѾﵽڣڶ壡
Ҳ˱仯͹ӴԵʣѾˣڵĽ۵񣬽
Ԫûпǽ񣬾μ棬Ǹ˫һչֱɾ¾ץסӵִ
ȻֻûдﵽһչֱɾĵزⶫٶٴһշһⶼеģĲɻҲضá
ڶĴ񰡣ԪһؼԼһʵ£ܲսûмˣĵѩ̿Ҳ𵽷ǳ޴á
ʱڵϵͳѾ˵ʾǻԪٲгȡһεĳ齱Ҫ漴Ʒˡ
ĳ齱ᣬԪȻæ½עŵϵͳ棬ʼһεĳȡ

ϵͳתĽƷˣԪɨһȦ־Ȼкö֡
ȾһοȴûгȡĻþںϵһֳˡ
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ǺͻþںϵĽƷһ
ƷԪ濴Ժ󣬾Ͳ֪ȡһˣΪƷҲҪõ˶
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ǻԪĿұ죬ȻֻоʽǽںЩֵսǿƷ֧š
ƺǺãΪûԪһֱǷȱһ㡣
ʮʽĳֲ֣ȱ
ħƵʮʽһƣϵͳĽͣһƿԴ۷ȫһ
۷һʲô̶ȻԪ滹ûмΪĽҲãҲãԳΪڵĸ֣ƺﵽ۷ľ硣
ʱߣҲδ۷ʵ
УһγֵʱΪĽԭҲûֳܱѹһеʵ
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˿ħֿ˿ǻþںϵԪԥһվǾȥȡħ
þںϵȻãǻû
Ժ󣬻ԪͿʼСĽؼ㲽裬һƫ
յļ㲻̫ףǽԪıʱ̣ϵͳһԼʧ
Ͼ˺ü꣬ԼϵͳҲ𾴣ܸܲԼһԲĽְɡ
Ժ󣬻ԪغһŰӷ𣬻ص˿ʼϵͳĹ˳ȥ
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ԪĬĬע㣬ڿ쵽ʱˣһεĳ齱Ҳϵͳתˡ
ӴԺһе鶼ҪԼŬˡ
ϵͳϵͳƶɮôΪ񾤾ҵҵķݶϣͿһ۰ɣ
ţڻͣ
ûеһħĵطͣ˾ħԶ˫棡
ԪľͺɽһЩʧЩڴѵʱ̣ܸԼһϲɣ
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˫Ĺâͼûг鵽ģͻɫȥ
ϵͳתһĹâ˸֮УʼԽԽͼҲԽԽ١
ʱƣת̾ͺסһһͼʧâԽԽʣͼҲԽԽ١
ֻļͼڼţâٶҲʼ
ԪڴȻûʧڼţ
סס
ԪźþںϵħһҪסһҪֵ󣬵õƶɮˣ
ʱҲĲˣϵͳһ棬һθԪõĻ䣬תֻʣͼֱǻþںϵħ
ȡþںϵƵʮʽħǷʹöĲܣ
ϵͳȻʵʹһζԻԪ˵ǷʹöĲܡ
ȻԪʱٶĲһ£վûܹѾˡ

ԪԺϵͳĹâʧҴ
ΪΥɣϵͳͷʼĸµʱڣκһγ齱ڼʱʼ
ϵͳֵıģһʱԪЦһڻڻǺϵͳ˵ݰˣ
ҿʱ̵ĳ齱㹻ԪȻʧȥϵͳ֧֣Ѿģʱ̣ԼУ


716 ʱ̵Ľ
ϵͳת̵İԪ֪Լûг齱Ļˡ
һεսʤˣԼˣôĽһǼַɣҲٵ
ԼʹӮˣôϵͳԺָҲٸԼ齱Ļˡ
ӴԽھͰԼĳ齱ϵͳûˣԪҲЩʧ䣬һ˼ŽעŻصԼ»õĽƷ档
ħһѾԶѧˣԪڱɣȫʮжѧˡ
ﵽ۷һԪҲ˱ǮںͶս֮в·ˡ
þںϵʹ֮󣬻ԪлþڳΪһɷָ壬κһֻþ֮ˡ
ѧԺ󣬻Ԫʮ㣬ԼĸѧڹǸֶΣﵽһǰδеĸ߶ȣԼҪģǾ콫ԼȻٺһս
ʱ򣬻Ԫϣʱ߲ҪɹͶսĻԼ
Ȼ뷨Ҳֻ꼻һ֣ʱ߳ɹˣԪҲ֮ãܹҪԼ
ߣ໨硢áɣ񡢻Լµİ˴Լʮͭˣ˵һҲ˻Ԫߡ
һЩдʿǵĴʮˣЩ˾һʣȫȫۼ˻Ԫߣһ˵Ϣһߵȴʱ̵١
Ԫ濴һۣĬĬľΣҲҪЩ˻Ŵȥ뿪ͷɽ
ЩŮȻ˵ˣԪһҲ᲻á
ЩֵҲһԪһֽ£Щ˶δĶǸɣԪһҪǻţֹҪ󣬻ҪȺס
ֻҪһ٣ӭֵģһոµʱʹûԼµһûܹҡ
ŲԶʬ壬Ԫ氵ķģԼһҪɹ
ЩʿҲһԼˣԼսһزԼҪɱһδ
ԭֱԪǻԪ뷨
ЩԺ󣬻Ԫ濪ʼĬĬĽ˵Ϣ״̬ڵ롣

ʱɿߣˮܲգҲ֪ʱȥ˶ãʱ䡣
һֱƽˮ棬ٴη˲
һſ֮󣬼Ӱ𣬵˿оû£ǾôڿС
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ѾϣڻָʵĻԪ̧ͷſеļλʱߣһ˿õԤС
λߣΣ
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ɫðŻҡͷ̾ϢһļˮգȻûаĽչⶡٴγ飬Ѿתˡ
ӿڵٴγٴγˣѾһΣǱλˣǴҵĹָòˣҳǾһϣѵԸ𣿡
߿Цҡͷ˵Цˣǲ֪ǰ׷ѪħʵĽֳ֣ʵʵһ룬һĸˮѾоˣǵʵָȫʱǼȫǶ֡
Ԫ治ɫصһΰ׷ѪħҲǱλѹôһʵôࣿ
̾Ϣһ˵ЩһֱűҲļƻ˺ܶ顣ѪӰ񹦺ͻѪħ˳ȥڹ֮ڶֽţλԲĸ֣ѾĿܣǽȥʱ򣬵ٰ֪׺ͶӶˣԭǱ㵽ˮ£ǵĹѾȫΪ˶ĲƷ׷ѪħѾػ񹦣ȫǵʵһ¥ˡ
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˵꣬λҲǳ̾ȻδЩˡ
ԪǼλˮµʱ򣬾Щʲô
߿ЦһͲǼ˱㣬ƴȥҲҪ趡شϧǼˣ⼸춼ˮ´תҲûһͷܽȥǸ𹬡
𹬣ʲô˼
ˮĺףһ־ͽ𹬣Ǽ⼸춼뵽ȥΪ˵ڹ֮ڣܹϧǼ뾡˰취Ҳûҵ빬ķ
ŶһȻܹλߣ鵽ϡˡ
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Ԫû˵ȴһЩ뷨
ˮһ𹬣ǶģţֻҵȷŲܽ빬²ô򵥵ġ
λʱ߲Ŷ룬ǺģΪȷķһмѭģǸѭֻ֮Լܹ֪ˡ
뵽ԪԼλͷɥʱߵλߣƶɮܹ𹬣ôǿаնԸ
ҡҡͷĶѾĳһܶԸˣǼҲһôûеģһЩʵǻܹġ
Ԫ˵ͷ㹻ˣôˣƶɮˮʶʶˮ𹬣һʲôӵġ
λʱ໥һۣ߿ڵɣԼˮɣҪ֪ˮµ߿ɲôöԸģʵѾָˮ»ĺܡ
Ԫ΢Ц޷߻ҲõˣȻҷк֮£ǶΪŰҲĴλϢһ£ƶɮҪϢһһ֮Ҿܹжˡ
ԪѾλҲȰˣ׷ڿеϢ
໨Ƿ׷Ȱ裬ϣͻԪһͬˮѾһʱ̣ǲٺͻԪֿ
Ԫ˰֣ʾȲҪһеȵ
ҵʵûлָҲֻҪӻԪ໨ǻǶԪ棬һҪж˵ʵָĲˣǸʱٺͶһս
Ԫ΢ЦͷʾҶץʱϢ
ٴϢˣʱ仺ʣܿҹʱ֡
ϢĻԪͻȻ۾ﾫ䣬ôʱϢѾȫתҲﵽ۷徳磡
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717 Ƚҹ
ˮԪţΧˮֻһǻܽ
ﵽԲԺ󣬻Ԫˮ׼Ѿﵽһǰδеĸ߶ȣһܱ⣬ˮСѾ
ˮһ񽭺һˮģˮûзǾֹġ
ԪˮԺ󣬸оΧžˮƺˣҲߵټ
Ŀѣˮ˵˵ǳҲǳȥмʮɵȣԪܿס
ǱһǰȻһһĽ
ɽ֮еʱ򣬻Ԫ;̾ⶡڣȻɽ֮нôĶ
ǿˮ׹Ժ󣬻Ԫ͸оҲʲôˣˮµĹȻģ󣬵ѶȣҪԶԶ֮ϡ
Ԫͬһͷֿˮܿ˹ǰ
˫վȣ´
ĵ½ͬ涼һֻҰɫĳʯͻҽԪصʱΧһЩҳˮ
ĵͬʱԪ滺ǰУ˹
ǰһǽЩ⣬Ԫ˹ȥ
ߵǽڸԪһǽھȻһ޴Ȼˮ죡
Ө͸Ȼܸǽ
Ԫ˳ˮ濴ȥֻ֮ڣԼһɢĿ
·һʯĶ˾ʯ棬Ӧþǰ׷Ѫħˡ
ѹʱ˵ԿȴܽκΣԭ˾ڹ֮ڡ
Ԫ波ĴǸˮ֮ͷǿͷˮļ̶̳Ѿƻˡ
ԪŹתȦʱ˵š
ԪûóȻԵ˼ȻʱǵȻþʦܽ룬Ԫڻþϵ軹ܳǡ
ӲĻôҪһ취
ֿˮԺ󣬻Ԫӻһ
ǱõѪħͼ
ͼ֮³˶⣬ֻлԪģ˶ȫѪħͼռʲôӵġ
ʼʱ򣬻Ԫ汾ΪͼһͼעŶصص㣬ڹ۲ʱһҲôΪġ
ǺһżȻĻᣬԪ淢˲ͬ
ͼſ£һͼ
һ·ͼԪ治֪·ߴʲôֻ֪ʼ㣬֮һƺȷġ
ʱ˵Ҫŵʱ򣬻ԪˣԭµѪħͼܾܿ𹬵ȷ
Ƚҹ˵ϲһߣôѪħͼһˣϣгһգܰѪħͼ·
ֻǶǧ㣬Ҳ㵽ͼ䵽ԼУһԼᰴͼʾȥ鷳
Ԫͼϣ·ߺܿ͸˳
ţǽ𹬵ȷ·ߣ
Ԫ水·ߵʾС
ڣΧһƬ֮У˼ĹؿΧˮʧˡ
ĬĬǰУһ·ûʲô谭Ԫһһǰ
Ժ⸡֣ܱߣ˺ڰ
һĽţƺ֮أԪǰ£ŵ벿֣һССĿ׶
ӷǵȫѹ򣬶Ķ䵽ƶɮУ֪нգ᲻ڵأ
ǸССĿ׶ԪѾˣȻһָ״
ڴѩ֮Уٰ׻Ѫħ֮Լǵõһöָģһˮлͣû뵽ȻŵԿס
ָԪҲһֱЯţʱ˳ϣĲϵС档
ָתһ£пܾͻῪţҪʹ˵еİ׷Ѫħˡ
ϵ˳ԪҲǰϲҪתָ
ǾʱͻȻһͳĻ
СУҶĻҲǸˣ
ƺʹ˿ôľ붼ûз֣Ԫ󾪣æͷ
ֻԶĵطĽ㿿ǽվڣĵĺ⣬ҹ֮еħ
Ԫȫ䱸ʱ׼ɫʵƶɮ˵ʲô
Ľ۾ĺúܼȶһҲȽϼ٣ʲôϷŲǸħϷǰĽ㣡
Ԫһ£ĽȻԼʶѾΪ˶ħ
ĽûԪɻٺܿ죺СУϷ֪Ƚҹ飬ҪעˣȽҹ𹬣ΪԵʣöʱˣȻ춯ʱˣЩˣҲͲܻˣ
Ƚҹ
ԪˣѹȽҹһֱûг֣ԭǰĽ˵Ӷĳʱ䣬ôһأ
ĽʱһָȽҹھŵıţܿˡ
Ԫһｹ̾ҪȥţȽҹôˡ
ϰĽȴСУҪļ֮ӳٳʱ䣬ΪȽҹսǶˣҲҪˣȽҹĶ书ţŲ뿪ֻܲҵ֣ڴŵĻϢ֮󣬶ܻܿǰܹ֤´Ƚҹ뿪ܵĻûǲҪ
ĽĻԽ˵Խ죬˵۾һĺ˸˫ֱͷʲôʹϮ
Ԫûע⵽Ľ쳣ȴᶨصͷôƶɮȽҹܿ࣬һܴȫ뿪
ҲҪͶģȾȽҹ˵
Ľûۣ΢زɤ𽥵ЩɳˣǡͶһ㣬¡¼ֲ˶ˡ
ԪΪ˵Ƚҹֲ˶ˣһҲܲˣֱӽöָ˿׶֮ڣתȥ
һ춯ֻŷһ֮ʼ
ԪһֱעǱߵ֮ͿǱߣȽģһĨѩ׵ȹǡ
ȽҹȽҹȹӣȻվţö뿪𹬣
ԭӳʱ䣬ΪȽҹԭڣʱ򶡲ͳȥɱķˣԼЩ˿¶ҪĶˣ
Ԫһ󽹼˫صش궯ţ޲ܹøһЩ
ڣڻԪ֮У˽һ˵ĸ߶ȣȽҹıӰҲ˻Ԫǰ
Ԫ漤ǰȥҪȫ˹Ƚҹ뿪
ûע⵽ʱİĽѾ۾һ˫۾Ѿûһ˿ڰ֮ɫȫѪɫǡ
һϢӰĽɢ


718 ӳ
Ԫ濴Ƚҹ֮ȻкܶĻ˵Ҳ֪ʱ󲻵á
𹬵ѾˣʱܳԪҪ̴Ƚҹ뿪
صŻûȫԪ͵ͷţȥһȽҹļ򣺡ҹҪˣ뿪
ȽҹûлͷͻȻһɷԪϵĺëһ˲ˣ
ûһ˿ԥԪͷһƣڣ
ɽһƴȥȴһգ
Ԫ֪ãһסȽҹֱۣɿȥ
ʱŸоȽҹԼѾҲǿ˻Ԫ浽֧Ҳ֮ţȻʹһ
ȫƾŻԪźˣ˷ɿɱȥ
ոûмǰĽͬһسڻԪǰ
٣ٺ٣
Ľ﷢һЦѾȫǸղŵİĽˡ
ãȻˣȻ˰
ڵİĽӦýˣٴαĵħѹ֣ʧȥ˱ԣѾȫǶ֧塣
ʱ򣬻ԪҲſˣὫȽҹŵһߣͦԶּˡ
ͺ¿㻹󣬾Ȼôͻָˣܿϧ·㲻ߣͶϷҪȴղܳȴԼˡ
˵Ż׹ϵȽҹϿɫƺһ˿
ȽҹҲǴڻ״ֻ̬ǹĶ̫ǻǺѵģӣ䵭صúÿɣѾǰ֮ǰˣûλãôŬҲõġ
ҹһˣ㻹ûб䣬Į顢ͬʱҲҡ
ȽҹҡͷѾˣĮ㡣
ȽҹĻ˵꣬ͻȻɫһ䣬ݺݵĿ䵽˻Ԫϣ㲻ϸҵǸ˾𣿡
Ƚҹ˻Ԫһۣͷ򶡲ûлش𣬵Ҳûзϡ
ԪҲ˵ʲôͬʱҲо˶Լĵ⡣
Ϊʲôˣ׷ѪħǵˣѾԶˡ
뵽ԪﻹǶЩģȻ˿ҲģǰվһȽҹǰԶ˪δĨȥԣ䱾ƶɮΪеձضɱ
Ϸȥ
ŻԪ棬۾Ҫȼ˲仯⣬ֱԪ
һֱ涡ԪŸо׷ѪħĿֲ˵ĹԳԼκˣ֮£ͬ磬֮ʱûʲôڵʽÿһǻΪ棬׾Լ޿ɶ㡣
ǴʱĻԪҲ°ˣԶʱ粽ãһ
ڷӲƴһǣ
飡
Ԫڼ̵ĵĽӡһǵӲƴԪȻǳԿˣ
ﵽڵڣϻԪʮ֮ﵽԲȻжķ񹥻
ҸûԪɵģǶٶȣһȻһ㣬ͬһٴγ˹
ǿ˻Ԫ滹ǵһμҴʱҲȫԸĺͶƴΪȽҹ
˹Ԫָոɵָͬǹһʮ֮磬Դʯ
ǰٶԵõһԪô˻һץȽҹߣ뿪
ߣΣ
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ҿδأ
ԪץȽҹʩչһŲơ
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ôϸ΢Ĳ࣬ԪҲûзŹʩչֱӱɱȥ
ٶҲǳؿ죬ڻԪ׷ͬʱ﷢ĺХںʲô
ԪĶҲܿ죬ʱػͷָѻͬʱôŲĶ飬𹬵档
ո棬ӿĺˮӿ
ʱҲ׷˻Ԫٴץ˹
ԪѾûʹôŲƵĻˣа취ʱѾܼ׾ˡ
ûʹùƵʮʽħһڻԪеһ
ɽں貵Ľֱһŵںױըһ
䣡
һˮֱϰɸ߿գ
ˮ׷޴ıըǻԪͶһǶƴನ
֮ϣ໨˷׷վŵעźˮʲôսܲ
ǻûпԪӺ׳ͻȻˮ˻һĴڲˡ
ʦ㿴ߣⶫţ
ŵغţ໨ûлشͻȻˮ֮䣬ֻԪһ˴Ӻٵˮ
໨һ£ͻȻصԪʦʦô
Ҳæ̽ͷˮпȥģȻʦʦ˵ӣʲô˺
ˮĴߣʱһԾֹ״̬һֻ޴עź棬עĻԪˣʱ׼

Ԫɫ԰׵شȽҹɿͶһǶƴûԪռһαˡ
ҲûԤϵԪȻܹﵽ۷һƣԪһֱӺ֮УԪǽӿٶҪ뿪ˮˡ
ȻһƻԪռЩˣظоˣûܵʲô˺
ǿ׵ĳ̶ȣħѾǻԪܷǿһȻܽκΣҪʲôĹܶ˺أ
ʱͻȻһɱĸоͷ
ûȻԪ̧ͷ໨ͶĴͬʱĶС
Ԫ棡Сͷ
ԪͷҲû̧Ѿ֪ʲôˡ
ݺݺݵҧһ촽涡֮Ѿٴں𣬴˿ѻᣬκ赲ڻԪǰ
ħոùһΣٴʩչЩвǻԪͬʹڣͲҲжǰǿʵ
ͶԺһƵԪһ
ͬʱԪһƺͷ֮ǵͷҧĴͷ
䣡
һ죬߷һ˻һҡΡ
˵ѲƷɱޡ
ǻԪһ֮󣬿ҲǴһۣżһ棬ԾѵˮһȽҹֱ߶ȥ
˻Ԫһƣʹ֮»ٴȥҧһ⻬һʹȻնһɾ޴ȻŴֱϳգ


719 սɣ!
벶֪ȸں󣬶͵ϮԪ棬ԪͬҲ˽ڴͼٴιʱͻȻֱӽˮаա
׳۵һĻһＸʮɣͬĴߣһֻչӽʮɵľ޴ץҡҡλεֱϸ߿ա
ͼѣеô׵ġ
ڿнͷȫ̧ҲûţеĹ֮УͣŴߵ塣
һȥһ޴Ѫ
֮Ѫ꣬ߵѾע
ԶȥĽеĺͬɽӦǧС
ԭʿԼ̣һռԼϲŮӡ
Լ̵֮޸ɱˣԼǲɱ̸ʲôư£
¼٣ӳȫʵǰɳ۵ĻԪֱ׷ȥ
аյģ밶߻а֮ң룬Ѿ㹻Լ׷Ǻˡ
Ƚҹ£Ӳɱ
ȽҹҲûôģŮˣȻѾʧ˱ˣͲǵȽҹˣԼһлˣǲӣôҲͲˣȻǶֵģǿŻá
ǾոռٵĹУͻȻԺһĽʶȻˣ
û뵽Լħֵ˾Ȼ㷭ҪĿȨ
ֹؼʱ̣ܽ⣬ŭһҪɴཫĽʶĨɱԶΪʬ⡣
ĽʶڲؿţԺźš
޲ĶȻԶҹ飬Ҳóѵģ
һߴ߶٣һ߶ԿĽʶСӵǶȽҹһƬܿϧԶûлˣھҪȥܿϧѽһҺȽҹĺϷû۸ˣ
ĽʶĬһ£ͻȻЩرˣ
㲻ҪˣҲˣ
һɾ޴ӿ˹ȻĿȨѹסˣ
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ѵףʹʱõһȨҲעҪ
һ˲䣬ĽȨҲָ˺ɫ
ֹͣ˿񱼵ĽŲǧﴫķǰȽҹ
ҹһҪҸĻȥ
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ԪҲ˰Ľ쳣ȽҹǡǰĽ㣿
Ƚҹ΢΢ͷҪʲôɵ¡
Զӿ֮УĽӰ֣ҲڲͣرɫȻڷĿȨĽֲ˶೤ʱ䣬ʹĴۡ
Ľ㡭
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һһҪҸػš
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Ҫ룬ס֣
ʶڴźѸٵ壬ֻҪɹˣĽҪʧ
ߣˮĵ£Ĺޣȥɣ
ĽһŶûȫȥ壬Ƹ߸ߵؾص£һĻԼ֮ϣ
ڵĸ֣һƵױȣĽԴԼصһȥɲǼԽɽѪ磬ʬˮУƬƬˮ
Ľ㣡˶ûȫʬã
һѾû˼ֵκεĶˣŪħ֣ȴΪĽȽҹİɱҲԸԼˡ
ľŭ𣺡У㲻Ҫ⣡ĽûˣϷıҪɹسˣ𹬵ĴѿǶҪ
ûе̫ãʶֻ»صˮףصԼ֮ڡ
ȽҹĿžӨˮãȻؿŰĽʬףֻЩɺѪҺںʾǣʲô顣
Ԫ˫̤ˮ֮ϣȽҹ֣һ£ҹѹˣ䱻ƣԶΪһʬ⣬ΪĽѡǶԵġ
̫ɵˣһôɵ
֮˸жģֻЩɵӣˣԶԼӷ𣡰ʩһ·ߺã
Ԫеĳһƪ䣬ԸĽܹõѣͶ̥ת
Ȼʱ䲻̫ãΪʶع鱾壬ҲҪˮ³ˣսʼ
ԪȽҹɿػص˰ߣ໨ЩΧ
ҶһЩʲô˭ûб¶໨Ͷ׷׸Ƚҹ
ȽҹҲѵõ¶һ˿ɬԼͽ֣ɫ糺ؿǣҲ֪νͲźá
Ԫȴûʱ˵ЩˣԸЩûдﵽԲˣˣ˵ԽԶԽãһЩ˸𲻵κεãΪ׸
ֵİ˲ڵӣʮͭˣԼԭʿ׷󳷡
ʱ򣬻ԪһƵǰһʦܣˮˣһսˣƶɮи⣬δķɡ
˵Ժ󣬻Ԫ潫Լ齱õİָĽһơ
һЩ˫Ŀ죺ɣĲߣϰ񽣣ҲԲ͵һսأϧսʼʱˣ϶ˣҲһҪսס
Ԫ΢΢ҡͷУֲһ˻Եηɵλãȥ
ɣ
ȥ㻹Ƿɣھ͸ƶɮת
ԪѵõĴһһƵ̬Ҳ
ԪߣһƲΥ˼ͷŲٻȥ
һȥˣԪɣǰСܣҲȥɣڲû㡣
ɣһ£̧ͷȥ֮еλʦ
ʦ΢Цɣ񣺡ɣַɵĻȥɣΪʦ˾͹ˡ
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ҪˣǵʦĻȥԺǱúÿʱֵΨһ񡣡
λʱ໥Ķһۣ΢ЦΪʦ˻˼ˣǵʹΪһ죬˵ʵڵģǼϹͷİʱֵ滹Ǵˣһ죬ڴܾõˣ
໥ţЦɣָ
ɣСϰڷʦˣʱҲʦǵ˼˵ʲôֻǺͷλʦ𣬸ֵӺԭʿһ󳷡
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徵Ц绨ȽҹڵԪ棬һ㲻Ҫǻ뿪ԴӡԴҾѾԼ·ҵ·Լܾġ
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ԪЩɬصͷһǵá
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Ԫ֪Ȱ໨ãֻܽεĿͶ˶硣
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ԪɤЩɳơ
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ԪЦһ£ٴνĿͶ˰ããĹҪ㻹ǡ
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˵һ£õ۾Щ죺ң뿪и⣬ܶһߵġ
ԪغһؿЩƣĿ䵽˰ϣϵ㻹ǡ
ɫЩ۽΢죬ǻǼǿ̧ͷʲôҹϵ󣿻Ԫ棬㲻ҪΪЩװͿͿɻˣҿǼǵ˵ĻЩ¡޷ǣԸáһҲ뿪ģ㻹İɡ
۾Ŭգ˼£ԪĿ˵һһɨ̧ͷ죬գ˼ۣɬĸоһЩ
ˣȻģƶɮҲͲȰˣţһ漣ôһǷǵϡ
䣡
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ɣɣ޳Ѳ⣬һսվҪָսɣ


720 ʱս
Ԫûмĳ棬һ˵ͷԼ޵ȥ
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Ǹǵģԭװ棬ڼŭʩչģƸӵؾס
ˮϿһƬףİ׷գķƶڱãͺһž޴֩ĵ֩롣
ԪЩˣǵȴķɶꡣ
ʱԪһ뷨ǰʱЩǻ˵ͷģǽŪȥרͷǲܷأ
Ȼֻĵ뷨ֻһţԪͻع鵽⣬ضǸħ
ܹըĻôһǺ˵ˣһ˫Ѫ۾ŻԪ棬һڿ
ԪߣȽҹ˷ֱվңһ̼ȻѡˣôҪͻԪһս׵ġ
ݺݵĿ䵽ȽҹϵʱƺЩʹࡣ
һЩڴڴȽҹܹһģǺܿϧȫȽҹһ˿ůʹеģҲǵ⡣
СУ
ɳƵˮϿջصˮ浴һȦȦϷƱãҲž޴
ԪңңעԶĶǰǴЦ⣺ļˡ
˳ʵǳĿ㣬ħͷɷģףʺԸ񣬶ò
׷ڿԵ÷ǳ졣
СУҲ˵Ϸ£һϲһ߻ᣬѪħͼˣĽ½ҩҲˣ죬Ϸٸһᡣ
ƶɮͶģôʩԲ˵ˡ
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ĵ٩Ԫֻ΢Цһ£ȻˣôƶɮҲʩһᣬǿϷƶɮԸ֣ΪֵӣԶ֪ɮһְ
ߣڤ粻飬ȻˣϷҲûʲô˵ˣҴԭС̷Ҫڵ׼ϷǵѪȾˮ
䣬֮ϵλʱ߿ˡ
һţӷ𣡶㽫ļ˰ɣ
һҲڿУλúʱֲƽУĿɨˣϲģûв֮ˣûʩչǧշ˰ɣվǵڣ
ҲҪԹ֪ɣϢһսˣ
ʱ߿ȥΪ˺ƣǵһ̣˶֪޷ˣҪôԭȫûҪôûĳ·ˡ
ʱǵһˣ
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ÿ˵ĶһĹʣ
ʵʻͬԪһĸ˵һ򶡲ȥ
мƲһǣ֮飬ҲŹ⻪
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ɫأ̶ֳȵգﵽʲôˣ
ߣͷô⣬Ҳ޷Ѿ̽ڣֻЩ겻ɢ˲ʼ޷ԽһҵĹѾˣֻҪʰЩˣҾܳԽ۷壬Ӵ˳ˣ
Ļ˵꣬һӰ˳ľҲѪħƾѪӰ񹦵ķ֮
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Ԫ滹ǵһοּ潻ֻ֣֮ϣ׷裬ĸսʱߡ
ÿһεĳ֣ɽһսʼˮûֹͣ𵴣һ˽һ˵޾ݡ
ƱòͣطƶƺΪˮ˵ʪ̫ˮ֮лֱͺ˹ˡ
ʱԪҲʶʱߵʵ
ԼĹǳǿˣ𣬾ûһܹﵽԻɵطУʵʵսԪϲѷɫκһ֡
ϸ˵ҲǺʱ߲ˮƽ
ûѧƵĵʮʽ֮ǰԪܵսʤһʱߡ
͸˵ˣһĻ磬Ԫܹоûгȫ
ʱ˵һûĶ֣Ȼԣսȥֻʱǲûжʤ㡣
Ԫʶһ㣬ʱҲʶһ㣬ĸ˺Ͷսһ֪ȥǱذɵġ
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ʦһİ׷֪á
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߿Цһͷλսеߵλֵܣʱ̵ˡ
ӷǲˣ
һеƾʦ
ʦ֣㿪ʼɣǼΪ˽𣡡
æ͵еػشһ䣬ߵ˵ͷ
ȿʼ֣ȫӣͬӰӿƵöİ׷ܽ͵ĺˣվסλã˫ֺʮǰһŽı
ڶ֮λ⣡
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ƴѣһŷЩ׷ƺûʲôҲ׾ٵ˳æռסϷ
Ϸȸ֮λ棡
һ׵ˣҲû̫⣬һ°׷Ҫǰȥ
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ŭƴҲֹ׷ĽӽۿҪ֡

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ɵȻ˫İҲֶ˭ʩչ̶ֳȣη໨ķɵ
໨ķɵһ̧Ҫִǰѷɵ
Ǿֵ̧ʱͻȻо𣬲ԣ
ѷɵ򵥣
ֱöûѡֹ΢΢ĲĹܹ֤׵ɵĽοôңԶľ
ͬʱǰѷɵһΪһһҵĴӶ߻˺󷽡
ؿ໨лԪߵȽҹһһ˳ģѷɵͬʱ֣ԼûӲȻڻܱһɱˡ
Ƚҹܹ֣ҲǺˣȻѾվ˶棬Ҫʶһ㡣
Ƕ̲סڳһʦͽһѷɵɵʦͽˣȻͬʱϰ߾ˡܿϧѽų鷢ķɵҲûκζĳˣǵĽƣӽˣ
ƽʱ໰ȽҹʱҲ˶ʵ٣ҲΪǵ˭ǵķɵ鷢ˣǵĿ꣬ͲΪɱ㡣
ŶΪʲô
ʱ໨ָָ󣺡ΪǸ
ͻȻоã͵ػͷһʱŭ
ԭȽҹ໨ķɵĿ꾹ȻԼͷԼǲɵˣԺĳȴն˼ƣڿз䡣
һЩͷʲô£Ǿôһ˿Ŀ϶ȻǸʱãӶİΧ֮˳
ʱѾվ˱˫ֺʮڱ֮λԣ
ʱͬʱԣУ
ĸͬʱڣ޴˴ӿзڻԪʨӺγһĲƣϱмӿȥ˵ġ
֮й⻪˸Ԫڵ涼ܸܵǹɾ޴ѹԼ˵ĳ֮£ֻܻܲһ⡣
ļ˷ʱŤ˼£ڿˣͨı֮£Դڵġ
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ѽѽǼϲģȻʹֹϷΪܽκ𣡡
߷Ժ˶࣬һǱۣ˿˳ǵľˡ
ʱ΢ܲκ㣬ܿͻ֪ˣļҪףΪһУ뵱Ȼѣ²ģȥǣڲǣԺҲǡ
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ڼţֻƺ޾һȺɽĻ£һ˽һ˵ĳԽԽأ
ʱһҧһѪ˳һգЩѪһ˸Ѹײڶٶֱ˼ʱߵĶͷ
ۣ
ߵüλãһССĺ㣬ԽĹԺǵҲĴֵ˶ĹֱӻС
ĸ˵۹ⶼǰһ£ʦһţӷﲨۣƵ˰;Խ磬˽ѹԲԸ˰֮ǰ磬Ը
ӷԸ
λ߶غһĸ˾ô۾Ӹ߿յ䣬ϻ΢ЦǲǾǰˡ
˼䣬Ƕפһվֻû÷ǳޱϲļ磬Ĺޡ
ĸˮȥʱ򣬻Ԫ滹Ƚҹ໨ˣ˳ȥ֮еλʱߵס׹ס
ס֮󣬲ŷ߾ȻѾʹ
ӷգλߣǵŬһ׷ѵģ飬ˡ
ԪҲидΪ˶Ը̣Ϊ˶ԸѾ̫̫ĴۣһսһöзĻˡ
ʱߵ䣬֮еĹҲ𽥵ɢˡ
ȻʱˣǶԳԺ˵ƶǰˡ
һദѪ˫Ҳˣ֪˵˻ͷյĳ޹⣬Ҳˣش
Ԫҿ˿ȽҹǼҹ㾭Ͷսĺܴ󣬻Ϣһ£սһǻģʱͽˡ
˸ո뷴Ԫ漱æһ䣺Ǹѹ󣬼ǵʱԮҡ
˵Ժ֮еĶʱ۾
۾ͬʱٴ³һѪޣĸϹ͸ˣȻڸ鷳
ʱߵʬѾԪǽӵ˰ߵʱ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ٺ٣ȻˣܺãϹǣһ·ߺãǵΪǰ·ϣһЩҪ׷ǵĽŲأ
Ԫ濴֮еĶŭһѾˣڻ
ȻڿУǻԪҲܿƴǰˣʱߵĹѾشʱ򣬾ǻܶʱ
ȻˣҲܻԪƣҲΪڵܹûԪԼ
ϢûеϢֻͷһ£Ѫȥһ㣬֮˻⣬ֱԪ߳
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Ԫ΢΢¶һ㣬ʢ뽫ӭͷȥУ
Ԫƣ׼ʹóƵһʽħҲֻһУܹ趡ӭͷʹ
ǰһԪ񿴵ʲôζһ£ҲûʱֱѾҪǰˣҪƣͻȻȽҹ󾪺һԪСģǻ󣡡
Ԫ󾪣ûȻͷͻȻ󶫷紫һҽУ
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໨ʱҧ촽ڶǰƾԼ壬ס˶ͻ͵Ϯ˶һ
۵໨Ƿ˶٣һΣѾˡ


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˲κεսʽϺԼӲƴǶ໨֡
˵ǶԶ֣໨£Լһʧȥ໨սҲҪۿ۵ġ
һƲ໨УԪĵ㺮ǰδеٶȣһŲ˶ߣûŲƵʱͳƣ˶ߵʱһú
һǳˮƽˣΪ໨ϣһǳݵ񣬾Ȼûܹ㿪Ԫһƣмͷ
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ֻҲҪʱƽʱ£໨ģڲͬ
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Ƚҹûһԥص˵ͷֻҪһսǾһ֧ȥ
磬ԼúͰʱվȽҹ࣬ʱ򣬴ҶûʲôԥҲҪԪ֧һʱ䡣
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ôõֵģΪ˾໨ٽǼȥԼⱲӶҪŰˡ
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һʦŰҽҲ˹ȥ
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ǰˮϣȽҹɫ԰׵ںߣѾûսˣȻУϵƺڵţվûˡ
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һ£ֵˣȻ̵һϣҲֵͽԶ
˶ΪһֻʣඡһˣǴ߶ˣܻ˻ţǴҶˣǻоԶ
ƽʱԶĳҲûʲôҶƣʱ̣Զ֣ڻԪһѩϼ˪ˡ
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ԶͻȻ֣ҲͷϲԼ÷ûаأºˡ
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ԶĻһ£ΪԳƾԶԳԶҪ֪ԶԴӼԺ󣬾ԶԳˡ
оһ˿ԾζɵضžԶԶʲôԣѾֵˣ𣿻ԳƾԶ
ԶʱЦһƶɮôвأѵúܣûôѹһӣΨһʱ䣬ȷ֪ҪʲôҲҪˣ
Ҫʲô
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غһ¶һ˿ѾˣԶһʵһԵףףԶΪʲôҪôҾƾԶڵʵʹһԵףܶԼʲôӰѶɱǷ֮顣
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ƾ㣿
ƽһ±ƭŭ˫𣺡Ȼ㲻֪ôô·
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ոҪ֣ԶͻȻͳ˹˫۴ţǰŴ󿪣ֱӶŶ˹

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ۣ
Ѫɽһֱӹᴩ˾Զ࣬Ӻ͸˳
飬ѾԶĿѸٵذȥ
ƾɹԣԶֱ˶ߣ˫۾Ȼغ£һѽرס
ʱ򣬶ڷĲ
ת˾澭ľԶ𣬼ﵽȼյٽ㣬ӽԼ֮󣬶͸оޱȵΣա
һԼڵҺ壬Ҳʲô
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ִ֮ȻûȫĶ㿪类ĪаΪУһ۾ôӲը÷飡
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ֵԭȺƶɮһǱӣκ˸ΥΥ֣ʿȺ֮
ԭҵǣһĴԼͬذ
⻰֮УȻһ־ζһ䣬Ҫʲô


730 ˮķ
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Ԫ浤ڿտҲõ˰õ䣬յٶȼ죬Ǽʱ䣬þ巢ԪȡһգʱΪһͨˡ
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յ˰õԪĵָֻССһ֡
Ԫ汾ԶԶĵذ֮ϣο˱ڤ񹦵ĳȡ֮󣬻Ԫֻܵõʮ֮һһֻǱˮнˡ
ʧȥȫ˵ǰԪ棬˵ʲôˣϿ춯֡
ˣԪҲ飬˵ͷֱ˰
Զû֮󣬻ԪĸоһЩҲֻǻָʮ֮һҡ
ԶƮţһĻЦСУձ˵װԼ𣿲ûʲôðϷŪˣѵֹɽ緢˲ɣãϷֹǣͿŪʲô
ΧζԽԽأɽڵĵطĵҽǻɽ緢ǰס
һУԪ޶ãѾʱûκε·ȻֹǾòˡ
ȥ֮ԶһƵѾɱ
ҲһĻ֪Ѿʱ̣ʱÿ˶ҪһȻҪͬˡ
ԪʱҲ߲ܣһЩֺ֧յٶȸ졣
ֵʮͭˣԼİ˲ڵӣЩԭʿһһҲڷɿػָ֮С
Щ˵ԶԶܶ˶ںڣ˲Ҳ׼Բ𰲼ҽö磬ڻԪİرĴ
ֱ⼸ʮ˶չˣԪҲǻָһ룬ֱһߵ˻Ԫǰ
Ԫʱԥһ£ʦܣȥ֮󣬻ҪֵĴ֣˵һ֮ƶɮҪ뿪ˣ书ûǱš
ӷ𣬷ʦַ֣ɲҪ书£ʦ½վʹȥֵҲ˿𣬷˾ʦֻܷȥˡ
Ԫ΢΢ͷһ˵úܶԣһνⳡսʹûжֵĵλǲɶҡġ
ҲٶԣԪֱһƵ
һƽԲʱ䲢Ȱҽọ̈ʺϻԪ棬һƵ֮󣬱һһڻָɡ
ʹԪ滹ǲʩչľС
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һеģҪˮƽ״̬пܣһ㶼ǲеġ
ʱ򣬶˹Ԫ棬ˣܸ㲻Сİɣ
Ԫ˵ͷֱư˶С֮ϡ
һɾ޴ӿѾﵽԪ̸оָ˺֮ܶ࣬չ˶Ԫˮƽָ߳ɻһ㡣
ʱ໨Ҳѵ˹Ԫ棬ҵȻûãҵһЩ㾡ְܶɣͦס
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໨ڵԶԶ綫磬Ԫ֮Ҳָǿ˳ɡ
֮ɣҲδˣʱҲԼȫ׸˻Ԫ档
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ҹν֮Ҫ춼ҵߣ˭Ҷĵġ
˵֮󣬱ڤֱӿʼȽҹ
ʱ򣬻ԪʶȽҹǿ̶ȣѾ۷ˣ붡Ǹ׶ΣҲ˺Զˣ
̶ֳȵѾԪĵкܶʣࡣ
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Ԫһ£ԼȽҹ˼һᣬһŮӣһµһˣȻ
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µģԪ棬һΣһҪɹҡǣɶĴСˣҪչһӵġ
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һָĹͽͻ֮ضͻĲţѾˡ
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ǼʹͻҲûаȥԿ緢ɽ
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жѡ˵ȣЩ˵ĩյ
ǸоȻϷʼ˵ǿԼһ
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ڵĺУʵȷʵǳǿʹڻָ壬սĻʤҲô׷ֳġ
ⶼνģɽ緢ڼĻǾͣڻɽԪЩôɽûġ
һգһž޴ʯȼŷڵȵҪոһ
Цţ۹ˣɽҪ緢ˣЩϾҪʬ޴ˣϷ֣ҲҪˣ
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ȽҹԪ棬ǼȻԸ⽫һĹ֧䣬ȻģܹɽѹȥǣʹɽѹȥˣҲҲָʱ򳬹㻹аնԸ𣿡
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Ƚҹһ£һƻУûʵ壬ôѹƣ
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Ԫ˵ڿն
ͻƵ֮󣬻ԪʽʱʹûнҲƾԼշˡ
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Ӹ߿ȥֻԭˮڣһ޵ԨԨĵײ޾Ļҽڷţء
ʱһҽĵײҽԼˣͣðݣһʯΪ̿ҽڲϵۿ͵˴緢ıԵ
ȵҪֲһĻԪһǲֹⳡ緢˻ˣֻ°ͷɽԲΪë֮أԲǧ˿档
ʹ֮ڣǶҪܵɽҵӰ
ⲻǾ⼸ˣھˣ
һƻҽϷƮţûʵ壬ȻͲʲôоҲηҽḶ́ؿЦš
۹һ䣬ϲһʱ䣬ֻϷҲĶأϧѽһжˣҲûлˣѽѽˮĻɽһļģܵظҪɽǱһƴ緢ⶼµ˱ţҲˣ
Ԫؿ˶һۣƻԶϲϱ仯ٶȣһĻҲܿܣʱҲûһˣ
˵ŻԪһ֮Уľˮֹâ˸˿̫Ĺԣһʱ䣬֮жܲɽȶˡ
ȵؿŻԪģ㡭Ϊʲôм֣
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ɽһʲôԪҲúֻͣǶɽһѹ꣬ƶɮΪ겻ֻҪɽ»ǧ꣬㻹гĻᡣ
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ӷƶɮǳˣأԼȽ԰ˣ
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ŻԪĻĽľˮֽ˸֮Ҳʼһɡ
ˮϷǹ̵ҽڵ˱ٽ㡣
䡱һ죬춯أƺҡΣЩҽӿѸٵɽӿ
Ԫ治ɫؿЩҽʱ仹ü
֮ϣ֮ѸٵۣľˮԪؿʼӿţѸٵ۳˴ʯ
Щʯ֮ϾۼͬƸǶգܿΪһɸɽ
ȥɽһۿ߼ʣҪϸؼͷùˮѹġ
Щҽӵ˻ɽ֮󣬷һҪӿˣ
֮ϵĴɽ¶֮ɫû뵽оȻһɽ⻹ֶ⻹书ķ
㡭ֹɽ緢ǶҪ
Ԫʱ˾ɽ·
ȽҹǿŻԪı֣ϲ֮һݵģʱӦԶԶض㿪ȻƾɽѹȥЩҽ׵ѹȥ
ΪʲôߣҪͣѵ֪ɽһ£ҽҲᱻɽѹ
Ԫɫޱϲ·ĶڵԳԼһƻǣԲᱻҽ˺ƶɮ֪Ժǲǻη塣
˻ԪĻһ˿õԤУʵں˵ʲôϷ򲻿壬Ȼη壬ʱǶѾɻˣ
𣡿кܶ飬ɲˣ
Ԫ˵ͷȽҹˡ
ҹ໨áһʦܣҵְ˲ڣʮͭˣӢǣ
ԪһһЩ˵˵һ飬Ȼ˫ֺʮǵƶɮַ⼸꣬ԼΪȻЩ飬ܷŽɲܣƶɮһֱΪһУģһֱġ׷ģôãƶɮһֱǰձĵָ㣬һ·ǰУֱͣա
ȽҹҲ˲õԤУԪòҪ
ƶɮǵʫ䣬ǶУɽֱֿǣ䰲˫ȫ䣬ʫ˵ף޿ܣƶɮ뽫ַҲ빼ˣϣվûȫ飬еʱƶɮһѡ񡣡
ȽҹȼŮɫ԰ףǴ֪˻ԪҪʲôǶţһֱľ֧һֱĵСУҪôȥ
֡չ׳ȥҪмǣ书֣ⲻһջҲƶɮԸϣǲҪǡ
һƵֵʱҲʶĲԣЩիĺǣʱȫһҡԴǰһС
֣ƶɮ룬һУҪúõرȥؾľ޺áһеһУôá
Ԫ¶һ˿ᣬһ̣ûа취İ취һվһգе飬Ҫһ˶ϲС
ȽҹˮУС֣֮ϵĻԪصԪ棬ˣô죿
ӷƶɮ˵ɲʱ̣תۼ˿ѩһжãƶɮվҪһѡ񣬽գƶɮ͸ҵѡΪеˣΪ²ƶɮֻһ·ߣԸƶɮ˼磬ܹõĿˡѾˣӷ𣡡
ɤѾˣŵҡͷɽԪ棬һҪԺһȥȣ㻹ûиһŵôĲΣ
ӷ˫ȫȴ䣬ǣǻƶɮȥѰǣգֻϣԭ¡
˵⻰漸ҪˣɽѾҪ˳ŭţУ˵ʲôƾʲôʰϷϷǲĴڣ˭κң
ԪʱĿһ۶վһ̣ҶˣվҪһ£һΣѾûлˣ䣬־ǵĹһУȥ˵ɣ
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֮кţɽѾɽҲѾͷѹ£һεսڵʱ̡
ᣬĿ֮ϣѵӽԺ󣬾Ҳķ


733 һ,ȥ
ԪŶĻǸȥûȥɷĸоֻ֪ڲ壬ôҪǿеظһ壬ֻɽܸ˺
ĻǿԪ˹ҲһоȻ˷񣬾ȻǿеԼĻǣһԼҲˡ
һԪɹˣôԪͻᱻռݣҲһݵĳ棬ʱ򣬻ɽ緢ɽѹмĻԪҲãҲգһ
Ȼ鷢ɻû
תҪܣϧԪûиᡣ
״̬µĶΪûʵ壬ʵҲ˺ܶܶ࣬ԪѸٵ򶡲ٶȱöࡣ
ӴܣʹֱҽȥΪͷϣɽѾҪѹˣ޴ӡ
һҽԪ϶ûа취ץס
ǻԪûóѣ붡һʱ򣬵һ̧Ǵ󷨣
ﵽ֮󣬻ԪǿǴԽǿʱ򡣶״ֵ̬ܵԪȫ֡
Ǵ󷨵ķΧ֮ڣһжܵ޴ĻҲȻֱӱԪץ˹ȥ
ֽţУҪǶģ
Ԫɫޱϲӷкλкξ壬Ҳ˭ӦΪȪ·ϲоįο
ĻǺ޵ֿر˹ȥڵ̸ӰֱӾͽ˻Ԫ֮С
ԪҲûа취İ취ֻˣΨһƶĻᣬȻۺܴ
Ļɽ緢˳ҵҽͬըһĳֱ֮ȥ
ͬʱԪɽҲʱѹգˮϿնסˡ
Ԫ壬ͣҽɽ֮䡣
ûжĻ塣˱ضҪĿȨ
õԪĻ϶뿪ҽķΧȡһԪһᱻóѡ
Ƚҹ涵ؿ֮еĻԪ棬Ѿ˵ˡ
ɽǷѹҽԪһ޷ȥˡ
û֪ͻԪôֻǿҽͬħĻ죬Ԫû
ɽ¡¡Űҽɽѹ¡ֱӾѹصˮ֮Уһ˼ƽ٣ôͷβؽˡ
ɽ֮ǰڻԪ弴ûһ˲䣬ǿ˻Ԫعͷؿһۡ
ûһ仰Ҳûʱ䣬ֻôһۣȴءԶӡÿһ˵
ԭҲôģ뿪Щˣò뿪һεѡ
˼ķĺ쳾ҲãǷŵĿҲգһ֮󣬳Ϊ˹̡
紨ʻַһ䣬ֹԵһһ֮нˡ
ǲ֪Ҳû֪ĹֻһЩ˵֮ĳĳµĳһ죬һɽĵطôһСУǵʦȥһһСУ¸ҵؽӹ˷ɵλá
һ쿪ʼСͷ˷츲صı仯һֻ˵СչΪµһ¡
֮ϣҲԶַһĴ˵Ҳȷʵĺͼΰҵ
ɽ˲ųǰµһ³ȴַţˮĻɽ֮ͬھˡ
ֵѾûⲢΪǵķо
һľģȻְ˲ںʮͭΪһﻹǻġ
µľģǷɴģɶڷ𷨵о͸ؾҲʵĶֵֻ֣ǣû뵽ǻһ죬֮£÷ɴľΪɱ˳ȡ
ȻţʹûǵĳȣҲһ֮ϵĲʺ֮·ܹǰ˰ǻ컨ɳӳ£ȥ硣
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һֵӵĿ˳ֻǺ롣
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ְ˲ڵӣʮͭ˵ӣ˼šҶţʵϣʲôԼôˡ
ޡֶҹ٤ҹߵҹߡϤ
еһ룬Ҳ֪˭ȵͣ
ˣѾɳƵ˵
ڼȱ˵ʱСĻȷʵ޷˵ڣֵ֮ͣ޷ſؿ˼촽̲סĵ׾޴ıˣһ󺰳ڣɰ
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˺ѷΣžѪ
ΪΨһŮӣǬܲȱ˵գһ
һ˲ʧءЩĺڲ֪ԭɻǷˣ˵ĸ黹ǵĿΪδ֮
ʱգǲ֪ԭһıˣ羿ǷڣҲû֪
ˣûһܹ־޴ϮҲ޷˵ڣʹʧ
ֵǼûˣ¾ǵļңһ䷽ɾǵļҳҳȥˣǻϣ
һֱĿûԪӰʧɽҽ֮еȽҹˣʱǶε˹ȥǵľ֧һ˲Ѿ
ЩԭʿҲǸӯû뵽ôȥˣͰ׷ѪħͬھԶʧ֮䡣
һ̲סݺ᣺첻۰һ䷽ѽôôȥˣƫƫҪѹҽⲻʬ޴ôҲʰһĹǻңôȥҵĶ˵˵˵˵Ժôѽһ붼ѽ
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ͷɽĶ壬Ӵ˲ƽֱ̹Ӻζǧɡ
һѾΪˣɽ緢ٳͬģķҲԶʧǵҰ֮С
ǰĳ֣ΪԲõһĻ̻֮ͬһʧˣ޾ıЩˡ
֮ϣһֱѹŵƣûɢļ
һ׹Ȼ翪ʼһĿ񱩣Ҳͬġ
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꣬ѵ˵ɽ׷˻ɽ緢Ԫ泹ʰ˶֮󶼻ָӰ죬ҲĹȥ
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һ֣һ˫ϼֲΡΡ̧
꣡꣡ˣɰѽ춼ˣ꣬졭춼ѽ
˺ѷεźڷ֮Ե˲԰ܿ챻˺֧顣


734 ,Բȥ
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棬޾ҽӿţЩҽܽɽ忪ȴ޼ɵɻԪ塣
֮ڣĿǰ˶Ļǣ˵ʶһ֮ڡ
Ļǽ˻Ԫ֮󣬾ʵ壬ҽͬҲ˺
ò˵õʵ֮󣬹ֱǿı̬
Ϊҽ˺ƴţЩҽȻ̣ȴٳٲܽԪߵķΧֻ
˶Ԫ汾ʡˣɴҲٺķȥֿҽˣʵϣʩչɽ֮󣬴ﵽһҲĵòˣԪҲûȥҽԿˡ
ʹж֧֣ԪҲףֻһʱˡ
ҽģǿҲĹʱһֱȥ
£ҲԸĽһԼĻǣռ塣
ʱ򣬻Ԫ鷴ƽһЩΧҽȻ̣жڣʱ仹Ҫ˻ԪҲȥ٩һˡ
ƶɮҲˣоΣǳջ飬ҲƶɮⱲΨһһɫ䡣
ڶԿҽԺ֮ͬʱڵĻԪĻɵûһ¡
٣㲻Ҫʱܶһ¾ͼһ°ɡȻɾҲûлˡ
Ժ֮ڵĻԪ滰ޱȵķŭУûк³ģҽ֮У޷壬ɣ
ԪЦһ£ƶɮ֪׼ˣȴһҲõˣû뵽ôҵȥɣͻΣ󻹲Ҫҽ֮£
ЩŤԪ治صҷҵ壬ͬһ֮ڣκβҵġ
ߣУҲҪ̫뵱Ȼˣˣһδһ㲻֪ҵĻһξѪ֮ڣҽܽڻ廯˻ңҵһξѪҲڣֻҪҽ֮ػгһգһ뿪ɽѹǸʱҾٴε壬¾Ųһ꣬꣬ҲһҪ뿪
˵ŻһЦǿϧȻʱܾãһϣͲˣûлῴһˣ
˶ĻԪЩˡ
վѵһǸɱ
Ԫ治ţʹɱҲδؾɽѹϵͳռֶΣô׾ͱͻƵġ
һҽĵֿҲڼȻƾһξѪǲ壬Ҳֿһ漣ͻء
ǾǿֿʱͻȻоЩܿƣȻҽĵشȥ
ҪʲôȥĻҵֿ˶೤ʱģֻøѡ
˵ˣƶɮҪȥ
Ҳ֪Ԫʲôһ̣Ĵ󲿷ȨģԶֹ
ܿ죬ԪҽΧҽԽԽѾֻһߵľˣԪƤⶼʼýѾֿɼ
ʹغţһ䣬˶ãͿεĻȥɣ
ҲȥǡԶûл뿪ɽˣ
Ԫûı٣Ҳﵽ;ƿݵĵز
ʱ̣ԪȴشϵͳΪоԼһϵͳѾҪˡ
ȻԪϵͳ֮ʾ
ɹѹѪħﵽͷϵͳжѾ˵һҪ󡣡
Ԫ¶һ˿οЦݣԼôȥҪϵͳһ񾿾ǲˣڹȻˡ
ϵͳʾڼɵϵͳһţдԣѹɽ©ֻҪзɽĶˣɽѹ˽Զ뿪
ӷ𣡡
ԪһţѾʼȼգڵֵס˷ӿҽѾʼ
˿̣ԪһƬЩϵʹ࣬ûйϵһֻƾ־ϵͳƶɮϵͳߣɷܹõѣ
ϵͳĬһ£ĵػش⣺ϲ񣬴ӴϵͳڣԸˡ
˵仰֮ϵͳȻľʧˣۻԪôϵͳûκεϢ׵뿪˻Ԫ档
Ϊϵͳ뿪˰ɡ
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ͬʱһɫӳ˻ԪУȻᱻҽ˺
ԪѾյýӣͬĶǵڣԶҪ뿪ɽ޾ҽĵıӦԺԶܿɣ
ʲôʲôôڣҲţĴɽһЩ϶ģ
ô֮ǰƶɮ㳤ʶɣ
Ԫ˵ꡣڻһһʡ
֧ҽ֮˿Ҳϵͳ֮Ԫ齱õĵʡ
ʣԪɿд˷ŵԡ
д⼸֮ʾʧˣԪҲͻȻʧȻǴ͸ҽ͸ɽ谭ֱӱɽķȥ
ĿǶȴƫƫԿƮƮֱɽȥ겻ܶγκεӰ죬ֱ䵽ɽ
ӵ£Ĵ֡
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ŵͨɽ⣬ǵķ⣬ɽһɽڼ̣һԽԽԭеһ϶ôҲʧˣ
ɽôԽԽˣҸоˣ
Ԫ弴ĻҲˣ»ΪһѪҽûͷӬһײ
ڷؽţһ䣬˻ҪϷ򣬲ǳ룬ҲδؾԶɽֻҪһɽӽȥǾϷһ졣
ԪʱصûлģӴԺɽϽκǰΪӽ쿪ʼ鲼
һǿǻԪ浱齱ʱõľӣӳǾٶȼ졣
ӣֲͷɽӴǽԶ޷ɽֻڱԵشÿ쿳Щݵɲֹ̣Щݳù죬ɽԶĳΪû̵Ĳë֮أʵʵţֱԶԶɣ
Ԫ潫һе鶼ˣǿӹȻҲ͸ɽ壬ȥɽҿʼٵ
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ŭ
ԪǴһ˿Ц⣺ӷ𣬽ʱգƶɮڹԲŷҲܿˡƶɮµӴϣҲûַһˣްӷ𡭡ްӷ𡭡
ŻԪ治ϵоڱҽ׵ɣȵҽҲԪӰˡ
ֻ¶һξѪޱ߼ʵҽûͷӬһײͷɽѾɺԶûлȥˡ


735 ˭?
ѩͬөһշ裬͵֮ľ붼ˣһƬɵġ
һӰ߳š
ŲڵĻѩϣ΢ġ֨
ɽ·ǰǰ»ֺӴĽȺ
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·ϵɮǿ΢΢ʩ񣬴ҶǳϤˣǱԺŮӣҲµĳ͡
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Ůǰڻɢ
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ҲЩԥҲ˵׼ȽҹǰôĸˣӦòƭǵİɣȻ˵ˣԪӦûš
ȻҲϣԪţܾ̫ĵհ˵Ǹʱ򣬻ɽ緢֮ϻдɽͷѹ£˿ܴ𣿡
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˵꣬꽫еȡһ򿪣ǣ˼䣬ɢ̣ʯԵ죡
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΢΢һЦƯƢǸƯһ㣬Ҳƫ鲻ãΪǸɶɶɶˡΪŲ£
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㶵Ļˮģ˫ۡ
ЩЩΪ˵ϤⲻЩʱʱֵ̿ĳ
˭˭Ϊʲô˵Щ
꣬ڵȴʲôʲôڴʲô


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737 ʵ۵,!
յһҹķѩѩɽװعյսѾȥǵĵǣҲⳡѩɢˡ
ɽŵҰһƬңҹˣ峿ֵ̿Ĵ򿪼ţŷ־ȥ¥գֻҵݣ洦ɼƥֳ֪ӳʱǱ
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Ǹص˭ΪʲôҪ˵İأ
ǲ֪λʵ۵룬ǿʵԸдҵʱˣһۣڽеĵλеĵλѾ̩ɽȺˣ


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