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ݼ飺
һΪȴ޳ưԵ磡޸ϣ˸ҫû˵塣 
һܾĺӣȡػ죬ڱ˵ĳЦһֻ
ػԼҪ󣬻Ҫȥİȫ
ĳһȴȻ֣䣬һֻػͼдδֹػޡ
ʵ۷ĻҲһȻ   


1 ʷػ
ǡԴݴׯ
һҹû˯ҹ˴³裬ƿţ߳ȥǻ˷ϣͷ㳡
ʮӵԼػˣԺ˭۸ҡСҡţһѡһǱػޣһҪΪػǿߡһҪٴνɺ徳Դ򣬲ǣһҽݡ
ݴׯһϵĹأÿһӳʮ꣬Ϳ㳡ȡԼػ޵
һ죬еĴ񶼱֤һػ޵ĵݴׯʽڻҪҪöʽ
ʱ½д㳡ÿ·ߵˣһ۹⿴һۣ۹Щ
ϰ۹⣬Ҳ̫⡣
ţֻҪ˽죬ֻҪȡһǿػޣű㲻ǰš
ѡȡػ޵гţµػͼףȫĬģӵϾͿԿػ޵ţûеڶı¡
㳡ԽԽ࣬ҲǴ˷
˵ʮ꣬һҵүһ˭һ˵
һŰɣҽˣʱͿСһ˽ӵ
Ҳȡػ޵𣿡
ι˼Ҳݴׯ˺òã
Χ˿ŵĴЦţѽ˼Ҳݴׯ
һ˵˵ֻöػ޵һöǻƽأҲ֪˭ѡ
ǻ˵Ȼүˡ
һֻö漴ַػ޵Ǹûģǲֳܷġ
ԽԽ࣬ļСС㳡ǵ룬ڹ㳡һߣҲǿһȺ˴ӵһѿϣʮ㣬ǻƽѱڻеӡ
Щеļȴֱ磬峤һСľ䣬˹㳡ĵСС̨Ⱥһۣ죬ݴׯһشӣÿһ˶֪ԭ򡣡˶٣峤ڵķһֵۣкʮ꣬һӡݴׯϰûй顣죬ǽ֤ػ޵ĵ
̨˲ͷĺ峤ǾͿ쿪ʼɡ
峤˵ͷǺãھ̨
ţ
ڵȵһ̣ЩȲ̨ܵϣŴ峤Ľ⿪ϵСľ䣬򿪸ӣֳöԲ󡢾Өػ޵
һö࣬һöơ
ֻһۣ㿴öɫģǻƽ𻢵
ʱҲǻϸ̨
ˣ峤Ŷ˵ֻöΪ˷ֹѡͬһöػ޵ԲһѡҪָȺ󡣡
һ£һŷӦʵ˭ȣ
峤˼ԴСȺɣʱΪ󡣾ѡɡ
ЩŭĿŴ峤Լʱǵһ˵ǱԼСġ챾ûѡӡ
ףЩ˵Ҳûáû硣ѡҲδѡлƽ𻢡
Ŀһۣ߿ߣүѡƽ𻢡
ԺһĮĿ
ľǰԴһ£ƽ𻢵ĵһǽɫģҾҪöˡ
Ȼˣеһ˿ǵʱ¡
ѡ峤üСȷҪѡö
ȷˡ
ϸ룿
˵ˣȴͻȻʱ׼ԼҪ峤ĻҪڵĻͻȻסŴ峤Ǵ峤˼
峤ʱҲЩ⺢Ҳ̫תҵĲƣҹĸ׻ԴԼҡٿţ˶ΪЩϰĺӡ
ֱӱҾһҲȽϲȻֻǲοѡĻҪԼԾ
ŶҾҪˡ˵ţеĵöɫĻƽ𻢵
龰Ҳ̲סŭĺⲻƽס
ţɲô˵ҲûиҪѡһͻȻڣ峤Щᷳ˵
û𣿡һ
ףԣˣôȴֱ˵
㡭Ļȴû˵ڣǰԼôвƣ峤ȻҪ˼ҡϳͺ裬˭ֻԼ
ԼûʱǻƽעԼˡ
֮£ֻһöϸĿŷ֣ڸµػͼУûöĴڡ
ģһֻʲôػأ᲻Ȼƽ𻢸ǿ
оһЩϣ
δ֪ܴϣ
ϣĿ⣬峤Цһöǰȡ·ϼġ˵ػǲԼĵģֻЩСػޣŻڲ֮°ѵ
ݴׯÿ궼һȡжׯӵػ޵ˣŴ峤ɽʱȡһػ޵ʱȴǿֶ顣֮ջɴ峤ܣһһеĺӡݴׯƽÿŻᷢųһػ޵ȡ޹Сľбǽȱ
Ǹûö峤Ҳ᲻øţһʮĺҲҪȸľͷǿöࡣһ˵ĺҪػʲôã峤ġ
ţͷת峤ھͷػްɡ
ŶӦһ漴ػԼ
ϵػ֤ңԸǰػǩػԼҽܣǰ֮ػޡͣ
Ҳػҵİȫ
գóһö룬ָһѪػϡѪѸٽ뵰У漴㷢ƵĹâǹâΪŨ̵ۡ
ֱһӣŽȥһѿֱȫ飬һֻȫƵĻ⻢ӭ㳤ֻգۼ䣬㳤һͷȮô
ȫëƽһ㣬ӳ⡣ͷһХʹССƽ̨𶯡
ƽ𻢣СүȻѡ˻ƽ𻢡Ⱥ˺
ǰػͼ͵ػޣʱӵоػޣǿǰ˸ֲȡءһ˵
Сү˲ã֪Сӵػô
̨Ⱥ֮¶֮ɫŵţҲػްɣҲܷһʲô
ûȻ˿̳ȴԼö峤ǿӸػڴöػͼûгֹĵԷһֻȻƽ𻢻Ҫǿػޡ
⣬롣
˼գԼػԼ
ϵػ֤ңţԸǰػǩػԼҽܣǰ֮ػޡͣ
ңҲػİȫ
̨µȺͻȻ
СӾȻػԼˣһ˵
˲ð˲ãһҲ˵һ仰ɵӣȻھͰػԼˡһ˵
ǰһֱΪСֻǲ˵Ǹưͣû뵽˵Ǹɵӡ
һСûĺӣȻ˲һˡ˵
ܹ˭ˣ˭ǼǲͬءȻĻᷢڵ飿˵⻰°
˵ķźȫûϣֻ°仰ʱŲתͷ俴һۡ
̨µԬ࣬˿ҲûעĸӵЩֻǽע̨ϵţ۽λ䡣
ػԼȻ͵ְһֲҲûн̹Ŵ۸ĺԼ⺢Ϊʲô
ֻΣ
ҧָһѪػϣȴûǩԼʱѤĹ⻪ֻ΢΢һ˿Ѫ֮ɫ
漴㷢ϸ΢ġžžһѿһֻС޻ġѵ˳
һҺڵëûһ˿󣬼Ķ䣬ССֻ͡ԲԲС۾תĴİ硣
ųڴ飬ڴ˿˲ȴ⣬һֻ󣬶ҲǱȽϳһֻ󡣵Ȼ󲻳ſԲںһֻʲôãҪһֻǿػޣһֻ
󣿡
µȺը˹
Ҿ˵СѡʲôޣǵùӣҲֻˡ
ǰСӾĿǡͿԼĸף¾ͿָδޡҪҲֻͺ䣬
ô˵ҷǸɣӲ¿ˡ°
ŵ̨Цţػޣ
峤Ҳóһػͼף˰죬óûУͼиûػޣŻ˲ãȻ˸ͼǩ
̨ǹЦЦǼ
ȻЩȴԶȥڴת˲
ʱͻȻ£ǸָδޣǸЩƤС¡ǵֻ꣬Լ¼ͣȥҵ͵˼鷬ֺ󾹱˶Լ˺¾СС壬Լϡľ¹ͷڻǵá
һΣĴۣҲûܾȻ¡
ǴԺûйЦݣٲ׿˵
ĸ׺裬ҹĿֱڻʵˮÿһᣬС
°ĸһδ裬˶ƶĸӵӣŵģʹõѪ
˭뵽СС꣬ĺޣң°ȡЦĸӵˣ
˭ֻ뵽СС̶꣬꣡
һֱڵŽ죬ѡһֻǿػޣ
ƽƣ죡
ֻϧһУȴתۼ䣬ѳɿա
أ̾ԼСֳػޣٿ˿ݵĻƽ𻢣ŵѵȵס
˭Ҳûע⵽СķԲ鶯֮⡣


2 
СС̨ϣǻƽʵʵſߣ˳һֻСèŵСȴǶڸ̨һǣü۵Ŀżˡ
Σǵ̨һЦ
ʱҲ˵ĵ⣬˿ǶС󣬹һЦߵĻƽ𻢵Сƣȥŵػ棿Ƭ֮䣬ƽ֡
ǻƽ𻢺䣬վ˶ë漴һŽ䴦Сȥ
СˣͻȻתһ̨ܵ£һ̱ܳ˹㳡
Լػˣڵء
ǴҲ˵飬ػһǩԼӰ룬ɢڣžС뿪ԼڴͷֻʣһӰˡ
ػˣŵػˡСӻĲһ㣬Щ¶
ҿҲ㶣漴Цֻȡ֣Ҳû뵽Ȼתܡ
峤Ҳܼػʷˡ˸ͼǩػֲսӣŻ˲ѽ
ʱȫȻ˲˵ڿ࣬ת¸̨С׷ȥô˵ԼػޡٰˣǿһϣҲûˡٴӵػ޵Ļᡣ
ܿ죬뿪˴ڣ㳡ȺĴЦҲŽԶȥ
Сһᣬͷš񲢲ҪˣһӽȴתܣôҲ׷ϡ
һ׷һܣаգ۵Ҳֻܲ÷ٶȣһһǰţСҲٶȣǹţʱͷ
Դˣźް취һһʱǻƻʱ֣ŷ֣ԼȻСɽ
ɽһǧɽȺ˵ǵҩħˣȫǳÿ춼ﲻѰιԼػޣԴ׬Ǯ˵ɽӵıأͬʱҲΣաΪ㲻֪ʲôʱͻһͷƷ׵ħޣ³ڴ˵ǻʬǶµĻ
ι㲻ˣΣյġٳĬԣʱҲ̲סĺţĶȴˣԼػޣҲ֪Էܲ
Сúͣתͷţ¶һƤģ
ⲻ˵ıŴǾ棬ĪԼĻ
̽ĵܣһߺòã
СȻߣ˲ſšŴʱһС󲢲뿪Լ
漴ЩԺȻСԼһ죬Ϊʲôأ㺦ͷƽ𻢣Ҳһ찡
վԭزСֲ˲ſţ漴ǰ
ҸߣЩƣСҪʲôأ
ԼػֵľٶҲЩ棬Ҳ뿴ҪʲôСǰȥ
߱ߵֻɽıԵߣɲ룬Σյģ𣿡
û뵽С󾹵˵ͷ˵һ޶
СȻʱŲȫȷԼ뷨˵ڹ㳡֮ʱػҲйԻ֪ػ޺Լ˵һֱܷӦΪػԼϵĹ߷֮Ըȴÿһ仰˼
ǰСȴȫȫܹԼҪߵǣ
ɽתһᣬСͻȻǰȥ
ˡһ֮£æȥ׷ɽУһעҲˡ
СȴûܳԶֻǼܵһֲǰ
һʵɫúصСݡǲֻͨһԼʮףھȴһĴָСԲ뾥ɢŵۺ֮ɫѸĵ涼Щ
ݣڸµҩͼϣݡ
ػ޵ʳҲػ޳ҩƷ
ػǰڣ뾭׽ϴ衢ǡĸ׶Σܽ徳
ֻн徳ػޣػޡ
СǰȻССצסԲſھҪҧ¡
龰æǰһˣڻСݼΪѰоɽѰ£ҲδܲɵһݡݵļǮҲǼ䰺˵ҪһҲһꡣ
һҵ1000ͭ壬һͭӡ
Ͼûˣ֪ûǮȥǰˣǾͽˡ
ۿʳﱻߣСҲ߲ѣͷϣССצ;ȥŵ
СľٶиƣΪʲôԼΪʲô˶̵ʱھҵһݣĪǣǿʵĪǣ֪Ҫģ
⵽һֻػޣ
⣬һֻ
СڴţԵúߵӡ
εҲûа취ҪǮұ˲СҪҵһ꣬͸ԡ
ˣСȻֹͣ˶ͷ£ǰȥˡ
ҲǸϽС档ҲڴСҵһݣҲڴСº׽ʲô
ͨػ޳ݽ׽󣬱ɱֻСûʲô֪ݺ᲻ʲô仯
ҲԼֻػޣȻƽǿǣӵ飬ֳϣ
ԼѰݣԼҪǿʵ
⣬һػޣ
תת˰ʱСͻȻͣ¡ſǰһݡ
Ȼղһ꣬żȻС󣬹Ȼ
һΣûۿСݳ¡ۿţСĶӣǰȥˡ
ˣ
ƣơ
Сûн׽᲻ǳԵ̫٣ŰοԼ˵ƽ𻢾Ҫݲܽ׽ġ
ĻԼػ޾ȻȻƽءڴָСǰȥ
Ҳûз̫ѰСһγºȻûʲô仯Ķǰȥˡ
УѵԼػޱȻƽ𻢻ҪǿţֻǷڴȴǵһЩ
ˣСѰݳˣȴûκα仯ŵһδαһ꣬ٲ׽Ͳˡʵ뷨СԵݵʱˣֻлһϣӵ굽˵ꡣȻֵ˵ڰꡭ
ֱСһֱʮҲûκα仯ʱŵȫȴнһϣҲơ
Сһҵݵʱ̲סȥСݶ
СССצӴһ٣ǰȥˡ
ˣɽйһҹСԵЩоȻ40ݣһδδС߶ݵʱСÿζǱס
ȻǸ̰Եļһ

ͻȻӹ㳡ܳһĵĲСűûؼˣСȴ˵ɶҲȥ֮£ֻӲС󣬰ڻУżиȥ
СһڣҧڡվûӲŵǿƣֻùʵʵĲˡ
·һգصеʱǻƻʱ֡
ʱ򣬴˶ϲڴͷô³ʱʮ£ġ
Ż㱻Щ˿
ϣⲻСһûһ˴Ȥ
һûнӻ˻еĳЦ˼Ϊǿ˵С󣬷ǲŵС󵱳ػޡ
ֱԽȺؼңȴһ˷յݡ
˵˫۵ʱĲ̰


3 
ݡţ㡭˻оʼԼ۾ɵȻݣңֹһꡭ
Ūģһ䡣
Լɵġڻһ䡣ǻеļ֮⡣ŪģԼ͵һ
ɵģΧһ㶣Ƕע⵽еݡֻһգôɵôݣ
ҩѰ˵ݻ㲻ҩҲǼΪϡѰ˲ҽɽԵݾͷĲɼѼʣ޼Ѱһ꣬ҲǼ֮£кܶһûܹҵһݡݴׯУоų˵ػޣ׽ûܽ롣徳ģڴлˡ
һһݣɽɽǵĸ߾߳ʱġʮҲһΡ
ˣеݣΧ˵۾̰ĹâֻҪһ꣬Լػ޽׽
ġð뷨Ҳһ˿׺ݵĹâ
һЦ룬һסݣһָڶԲ֮ϣ˭ǰһҾͻЩݡ
˶ڵأݵľȫԲ֮ϣֻҪԲ΢һ㣬˲ͷţҲͳһͨĲݡҪѹȥЩݱǷˡ
У˱ðһ뷨
ţ𣿡УЩء
ŻشĵֱӡҪģȴ֪Ӧô˵ãֱ˳
Ǯæӵ
һһꡣ
Ŷһ£һؼȡǮ䣬תܣ±ȥ
һңƽ˼Ұ룬ûϻôǮ
űߣҲؼȡǮˣ˶һɢȥԼܵ򲻵
һʹˣȽԲǺ˶Լ̫࣬Ĵ󺰵Ƕ㣬ȵҡʵԼҲ֪ñ˵ʲô
Ļֱ˱ʵͷ㺰ʲô
ͷۿԼػн׽Ļᣬһӵϣʵ֣Щ壬ڱҪؼȡǮŵݡ˵ЩӦҪи֪ԼǸûл
ŵݣʲôŵѽʵ
ͷȴҲ˵һ仰ֻǺܡ
Խ˾Խǻɣϸ룬ЩסͷĴͷһۣͿһվ£֮ǰոܹЩ˺Ǵġ
ݣ˴󾪣æҲɿȥ
ֻͷһ仰ְϢԼݡѡ
ܿ죬ݴׯ㶼֪顣
ݡһԵϢССׯʱÿ˶ڷ䵹ǮϸȡֱӰ·ӵضǣе˼Ұѿöӳ˴ǽ⣬Ҳ֪ģҪܰһֱӴӵǽ⡣
ûǮģֱŵ˼ȥǱҲҪֱȥŵݣȴ˵˭žͰȫٵֻ÷뷨ȥ˵Ǯ
ֻʮӵʱ䣬˶֣ɥ
ʵջ󣬾˷ɥʧǡ
һݵ֮Ҳû뵽ġ
ԼеĻҹ漴·ϵĻҡ
Ⱥ糱ˮӿͷÿ˶ǰͷĺקǰģǰĴŭתֺߺġ
˱صֱ˲ȹв˱
鱾Ӧ÷һСׯУһׯжˣȴʵʵڵķˡÿ˶ڴΨһһС·ϣ˭ҲһԶȥᡣ
ʱɫǼɽ˯ϰߡв˹ӼȺУоȻźܶŮˡ
Ϊʵǹ˲࣬˲߳ܡ
һݣ
վ£Ⱥоһ˿⡣ЩƽƲԼͷԼ˵ЩЩƽնԼٰ㳰ûԼȡֵЩ
죬ΪԼʹɥʧƽյĸ߰ȻǸֻ߰ŵģУҲи߰ǽװơ
ڣЩ˶װƣʵջҲװ
Ⱥܿӿ˶ǮС
ţҡ
ţһ꣬塣
ţ
һЦ壿ƽվû˺ȣУ˼ҲӦ
ţҪһ꣬ҰŮ޸㡣
ţңŮСŮƯˡ
ţһ꣬ھ͸ؼҡһŮ˵
ǺˣŻֻһʮĺӡҲˣǿ߶ɵӡ
ʱŵǲˣеĿϣĿһеס

ÿĸÿ˭ҲٳȺͻȻһ
漴Ǽһ꣬󣬸һֻƵĻ
үˡȺ˵
ĳ֣ȻʹȺܶ˶ĬĬջеǮ
ңǲҵ׽ңôݴׯȥ
˿𽥰ȺΪһЦǰţСүˡ
ĿǴӿбĳˣ˶벻֣
ȺסžȻҶ˵ȻҶ˵
Ҳ㶣Ҳû˸ο˻ţһҲɵţ
СүеǮţҲΪ㣬ֻҪ㿪ۣСүҾͳǮ
ǮҲҲǺⶸ±һôҶְҾҲͷ֮ޣ
ߵĻƽ𻢣вĿţʱеķŭһҲ٣ȫ˵棬žȻôӣ˵ȱ״һٻҪܡ
Ŀ˿Ҳụ̂ȱų
ʱţȴ˿Ҳûע⵽һֱаС󣬾Ȼ͵͵˳һһ̳ݶ˵Բ
Եٶȼ죬ֻת˲䣬ǰʮݳ˸ɾ
Ŀ⣬ǲ֪Ϊʲôͷһ˿⡣Ŀ֮УżԹޡ
ƽ𻢣Ҳ̲סȵСƣϣ
ǻƽȻ췢һХҪǰȥ
һ˲䣬һŨصıˡƽ𻢣ʱڣûн׽Ҳܹܵ˵ġҶԼµĶССŮԼϵ龰
Ű̾Ϣһֻٱˡ
ž֮ʱȴеС壬ͻȻɫĹâǹâȻһС֮С
漴СͻȻŻдٶȾǿ켫Χ۵ȺֻһɫĲӰڻƽ𻢵ͷϣССצӴ޵һ˿⣬صڻͷ֮ϡ
ֻһ£С˵ɽĻƽ𻢣ͨһſڵϣ£һҲû

Χ۵Ⱥ󾪡
ŵػôôһػޣǽ׽Ҳǻƽ𻢵Ķ֣ҲֻܺĻƽ𻢴ƽֶѡ⵽һʲôػޣ
Ǿһֻ󣡡˵


4 
ػڽ徳֮ǰҪ׽ϴ衢ǡĸ׶Ρÿһ׶Σػ޵ʵ
ƽ𻢣ݴ˵֪УΪǿػޡһޣǽ׽ϴ裬ҲδǸշĻƽ𻢵Ķ֡
ǴʱſڵһĻƽ𻢣һϢҲޣǻˡ
е𾪵ĲֹΧ۵ĴˣҲľѡ
Сֻһ±ѻƽ𻢴һֻӬôסһ£ӵŶڴŻԾ֮ʱֻܿһģĲӰһٶȣС󣬵ӵŶѽ
֮ǰϷΣӦǽ׽ˡ
ŵͷеʧԵɡ
ӽɽСһ55ݡ
55꣬ٿʹ5ػ޽ǡŸոս׽
˵ԽػޣԽǿػޡƽ𻢿׽Ҫݡ
ĪǱȻƽҪǿĴڣ
ǣԴҲǴû˵Ĵڡ
⣬ֻһֻôߵǣܹ˵ױɱһͷƽ𻢡
ϣ׻жܣ
Ų֪˲֪ʱûܹ⡣
ȴȫûЩԼոյõȴû˿ϢĻƽ𻢣һޱߵŭĵ
ţɱ㣡š
Ҳɱ꣬ССӱҶ龰и֣ҵĺޣ衣
ҵˣ
ҲǴһȥڰ·ݺײһײͬʱһȭŵıϣһȭӡ
ҵײʹ˷׷ֶܿ
ŵıӲѪȴһ¶ûУǰȥ
ǺǲҪӣͻȻһ˿⡣
Уޱߵĺ⣬Ũصɱ
ҪɱҡͻȻһͷ
ûžҪɱ̣ʹŶҵĺԽԽŨޣѲĳһˣҡ
µĳ𣬱˵Ѫϴ
ǰһȭһȭȻǴĲϡ
ҰްţԽԽ£תܡ
ɻûܳǻƽͷϵСһԾֱӾײؿڣ߶ûһ㱻ײڵء
ʱҲ׷һߡ

°е·ϣȥŵԬࡣÿҪǲԬһ棬ϷԬһ°˯šǲϰ˶꣬Դˣϰߡ
Ԭ࣬żŮ̫
Ҳ˵ݣ֪ж°ҲûзϡػѵǣѾûʲôˡǾֻҪ˲ĥϡһǡˮ֮ʱȻܿ徳
ֻʱ䣬ȴ˶졣еˣֻҪܴ꣬ǽ塣еˣȴһҲ
ţȴ°ϵƽնϲֺңȻһ
ôɶ°ʵ
šҪˣȥȥұš˵Ųȴûֱͣӱȥˡ
Ŵ°һ㶡лƽ𻢰ôܴù
Уҵȥ°һ䣬·ȥһֵĻᣬܹٱһ٣ҼһĴмʱȻٲĺô
ܿڣֿȺǰ龰°ͷһ
һŽһźŵڵϵÿһŶƵѪһڵϣҲ֪ûС
ʱһ˵ôݣҪɱˡ
һ˵ɱк³𣿡
ôк³ǰж˿鲻ɣСӾǸɵӡ
˵֮һ£СҲһúõĻţСĵ˵Ѳǰˡ
ǰһ˽ӵѲǰˡ
ղ˵֮æסͣҲȻŵػ׾پʹ˻ƽ𻢡Ųػ޽˺徳Լô˵кùӳ𣿿˿֪ѲҪȥ²ˡŵĺʱ˲꣬ٲǵ˳Цɵϡ
°ûȺۣٳ˳ȥһͷܣػޡ
°ûţֻ׽Σ
ŻͷŶҵĳޣ˿ûע⵽°
ŵС󣬾Զ龰ͻȻһԾײ°
ʱһֱ°ĺܣҲͻȻһһӾ˵°ǰСײ˹ȥ
ءΪƵһ죬Сݰ㵹ɳȥײһôϡ
ͷôѲ֪˶꣬׳ɣ˺ϱҲʱС󷴵صײʹЩҡΡ
ϻ£СȴͣҲûͣǰһԾźٴײ˹ȥǹɺһҲŲ
ءһ죬Сֱײ˴ˣЩѵĴӵȴһźܳȥֻٶҪ֮ǰࡣ
С󲢲Ǻܵĵ֣ײȴס˺ǰĽŲ
°ĺǴﵽǡ
׽ϴ衢ǡǡ
СΣȴܹӲƴǣʵǲҲ̫⡣
һոս׽ػޣȻܹǵӲƴСҲͬ𾪡
ɱ°ȵ
°ܾ˴һֻơ
˾޴죬Ҳںš
תͷСǰ壬Ҫȥһᱻ
Ŵ󼱣Ȼ𣬸Сǰ棬Լӭֻơ
Χ˲Ĵг
žȻΪػޣϧԼ
ǿӵһͷػޣףΪػ޿Ա֤ԼİȫͷҪ˵ġ
ػԼ
ֺȻػԼһ䣬ɣңҲİȫ
ڿղΪɵԼôġ
ػ޵İȫţһ統Լ
ϹֻǿػˣһӦþͻԼ뿪˰ɡ
һЩʱҶԿȵػ޽徳л˭Ķ֣Ҳôġ
ãˡûٶĸ䳰ȷţŹ𣿿ֶֺΣȻǲܷŹġ˶ġ
Ȼÿ˵뷨вͬ˶ʶһ㣬űɡ
һͨ˵Ѫ֮ȥԿǽ׶εػޣػ޻ǹ͵ĺܣǸܵ顣



5 ǿԬ
ۿҪײ֮ʱͻȻһɫӰһײ֮ϡ
ء
ǰθӳƵ촫ǿײʹɫӰֱȥŻСǰӵʱɺˡ
Ҳն𣬺ǹӰһ˳ȥ
ײϣȻ¡
ſӿʺѪ˲Ⱦǰ½ײһ˲䣬Լڹѵ˵ܣƶѲԭλá
ǿͷ˿еĹӰȴԼػС
ʱСһķŻУҲ֪
뿪˵ſ죬ȴӿڵѪ
ײǰһ˲䣬ţΧ˶ǿԭжԼСڼ˳֮ʱȫȻһɫĹâ漴ٶȾͻȻޣӰһ䣬Խײ˺ϡһεײҲҪǰࡣײ֮ʱΧĵ涼Щ
ǺҲǡŵŵš˼һƨɵڵϡ
ŵػޣȻǽ׶εĺƴ˵ز
⣬ѳڳ˵֪εĲ࣬1+1+1=3еĲ࣬ǳɱġ
С󣬾Ȼǿ˹
ֺ𾪡ո⣬ȻСȫǱһҲһ
Ϊƴ໹
Сǿ°Ҳһ˿ŵĳǽᶨСǲǻˣ
ɱ°һȡ
ڵصĺվһǷźеСȥ
̤֫ڵ֮ϣص죬źܵļٳһﳾ̡
ȻղŵһײҲŭ
ֻգ֮䣬ܱǰһֻ޴ƣݺݵȥ
ŽŻеСһûжĹԶԶܿܵķΧ
Ƽͷ֮ʱͻȻбһֻ֣סĵơ
Ǻܱŭ˻ȫµһƣǼ֮һƣֻ£һƬҶ㱻ס
ֻϸ޳һֻΪÿֻ֣һЩֲڡ
ֻ֣̫Ϥ
ֻ֣θͷΪµ
衣żΪ˵һ䡣
ʱ㳡ϵȺҲǼΪ𾪡
Ԭ࣡˲ĺ˳
ôܣ˾ȵĵ
Ǹֻӵһֻ޹޵Ԭ࣬ôǿ
˭Ҳû뵽ǸƽǱԬ࣬ʱվǰ
°ǽ׶εĺܣһֻסܣԬ߳һȣֱںСǺܾݰ˳ȥֱӷɹȺ֪䵽˺δ
ʱŲſԬվԼߣһֻУһϸĽ
ǽָֻȴĳߣͨɢΪŨɫâ
ŴҲûп
ʱС·̳𣬾һٸۼ˿ҵˣͷҼ졣
ˣܰ˴ţ±꼰㣬תܳƬյء˼״ҲǷ׷׸ɢȥڼԶŴͷ
ҴԼʮˣת۱ǱһֵֻԬŴײȥ
Ԭ£еϸԼһŽ
ת˲ǰҵͷ䣬˵˶ѽ徳
ٺ棬Ǹŵǹ£ÿһ˶ɱڡ
켸˸°һ㶡벻Ϊλ˴󶯸ɸꡣ
ôˣлһϲҪˣǲ֪᲻ԬĶ֣ϾղԬı̫ǿǿѲԼķΧ
æǰһǰɱŮΪұҵĺܶ˵⣬°ȴͻȻסԼĺܵôȫԬһҲ֪ȥˣǻˡ
俴°һۣ¡
°һ㶣û뵽ԼΪ˾Ū쾹Ȼ˶һɫƣҲҴüͷֻùԹȥ
תͷڵɻԲѵĶӣŭⶸȻûһڣȴǼأҲöʮ߹ǡ
Ԭ໹ڸеϸûпһۣȴǺ֪еķŭ˵ҶӵһҲᡣ
쿴һۣȴȫûоʲôţôܹԼĶӱȡ
ǿԬеĽ⻰ȴû˵ֻǵ֪һ
Ԭû˵ڸеĽ
ֵҴҵȫң徳δؾƴʮ֮һ
Ԭ໹ûп죬ȴһԡ
ɫЩǺ죬߬˫ȭ漴ɿ߬ɿ
ȴûǰߣѶӱڻУתʱ·ȥ
ʱֵ֪һ£µͻɢʱҾŹţԬࡣһ°һ˵ζ
Ԭû˵Ŀȥ
ʮҲûһ˿ڣˣҲŷ׷ȥ
ֱЩߵòӰԬűţͬǻԵСһȥ
ںܿ־ˣղŵ龰Щ˿У쾹Ȼôˣ˶е֡
ǺԬࡣ˵
ôܣôԬࣿݴׯô캦µˡ˵
ֲûԬղжôǿ󣬵һԬ˼Ϊı֪еܡ
ţܡѽһֱĸǻ᲻Źѽ˵仰ʱԴſǻ
뷨ˣֹһۼ֤Ԭŵǿ֮󣬺ܶ˶ţĸӣܷŹԼ𣿡
Ԭ౧ţܿصУ󺰵ܣ
漴Ԭܱǳǰ³һһݣܿͰźСһС
еֻһ⴫ȫڵʹһ˲͵ࡣ
ݣȴɫ԰׵ԼǰԵú㲣ȴǺܽŵĿţֳһ˿֮ɫ
裬ôˣҲЩĵʵ
ſ˵ԬĲŷһЩӵǱסˣһû¡
ʹһź֮ڴڵһ̣չֳޱȵǿǿ춼Һ轻֣һ˶֮¡
ôôܲս͵ػޣһֱڼûкȥڡ
ȫ⣬ȻôΪҪܾ˵裿ȻôΪεῴȥ
뵽ˣҲ̲סʵ裬⾿ôһ£
û˻ش̧ͷȴԬڵϡ


6 
챧첽ϻؼУ󺰵죬ȥϰѺ
÷Ըʱȥˡ
Դҽ˵ǽ˺徳
ܼæӭʵүôˣ
ʹǲҲҪзϡ˶٣ֺݺݵĵţԬ࣬첻Źǵġ
ܼһ㶣ûСӷ𣿡ܼʵ
ɫʱ
ʱһֱŻ°Ҳ̲סſʵոΪʲôɱԬࣿ
俴°һۣθ㲻ҪȡԬ࣬ǲšػǱԬ˰ɡ
ԣ°Ԭһȣ̲ס˸£СѵҲûаܶԸԬࣿ
һߣԬʲôػ޲һֻ޶ѣûҵУηĵȻԬ࣬塣
壿˶ڵءֱӱ˵η֣ȴûһ˸֮ġ壬˵һССݴׯǷԴǣм˸˵η壿
ǱϾǺܾǰˡ
ΧͻȻã°Сʵ壬Ѿʮ𣿡
û˵ͷգ˼֮УãŻ壬㶼ʮ꣬Ȼܹв졣
˫Ŀ΢գʮǰɽ˵ľһսʱԼһСɽ£㱻꼰㡣
ǵǳսգǰԼһ¶ûң±˷֣оͻҪԼʱԼУ϶㲻ϡ
ֱڣ컹ǵãձһɣھԼԶ˴ЦȥأԼǻˡ
ԼҪ͵͵ȥȴԬ޺ʹʧʱԬ࣬Ÿոһ£Ҳ֪ôܵ
ǼḧԬ㷢ȴο֮ллΪѪ޺
Ԭ໹ʹޣ˵
ֵԲ˾㣬ӦûûһͷϡǵĶӣͽŰɣԸһҪʧˡ
ššԬţصĵͷ漴ڿڵһŸˡ
ЦЦȴͻȻſڣ³һöɫԲԲ壬һ׵ϸָֻȴĳߵϸ
ѽԬ࣬⽣̳ƽʮ֮һ㣬ô˽ɱ֮˶٣ֵֻֻܳʮꡣʮҲѳʱҲԼ衣
˵꣬ͷ£Ԭͷ
һĻֱڣ춼ǵãʮ˶ĸ衢ЦȴҲûЩ֮ʱһֱѹңҲûжĸӱǵź±˶ҲǺ֪ģ֪󣬻ݺѵһ١Щӣһֱ£Ԭȴ֪ΪΣԬԴ˲ûκηӦֱ˺ܾã־²Žȥ
ҲµǱ᲻ǻ˵ģûʲôվûиȥԡ
ֱԬԣȷǽʵ
£һֱУûжκ˵ԼŵðûҶȶ֮£Ȼһ˵
ˣֻŹܼ鷿Ĭã˵Ԭ顣
ܼҲǳĬһ󣬲ŵҪȥһˣүЩͲŵֲסµһ
ҡҡͷءģֻʮ֮һҲû˿ʤ˶٣ֵο˵ǽϵֻܱʮ꣬ʱŸոճһ¡һ£ǽͻɢûбҪðգһ֮ٱ˳Ҳ١
ʱҶҪŴж˿顣ҲһҪԬܾ裬ٰ°ãܣݺ˵
һڣԬأܼҵ
Цһܲˣȥɼ֣жԬ࣬һ紵ݶʱرߣһºҲ׷
ãȥ죡ܼվȥ
УȫֶҹְֵͣأԷֹԬ
ãܼҵͷӦһ߳鷿

ԬԵգ˹Ԭྪķ֣źСƾȬ
Ԭ˰ջûӦӴڱŻʱǷŵƼأܱܲס˵㲻ҲҪ²зϡȴҲû뵽̶̵ֻʱ䣬Ȼָúûܹ֮ǰһģһ
ǳԬ֪
С󣬵°ĺֱײ˵ȻŻءڣȴıԹˣĻһ˵ӡ
ԬСȻһӱĵԬͷϣԬһڡ
ԬСڻУЩŵĵţ˶ˣ
ˡ裬û°ɣҲǵĲѣһֱԲѣȴ˯˰㡣ҲǸ㲻״
û£ţ˵ôõģǲôİԬƵĵ
ͷҲ֪ݣҲûʲôãʹ˲٣ֱС֮Ҿ͸оԼѸٻָûϰվȫˡ
С󣿡ԬסȻСƣСս͵ػް°ĺӲƴͿԿóСŵôָܻô죿
ΣҲ벻ԭԬҡҡͷˣǻǸСְɣܾܲͽСɣÿػ޶Լֵġ
Ԭ˵ŽƻһЦô󣬾ͽС
СͻȻԬ໳һͷϣ漴ССצӺݾŵ
æѽЦǻѽ
СͣȴĿš
ԬסþòŵţС˵Ļ
ѽɴˡЩĵ
⡭ԬоԼʱӿǻƵġػޣҪߵǣǽǣﵽػޣҲ˸ߵǡ
ؼ䣬ôػޣ
׽׶ΣӲƴǵĺܡڰ֮κԼΣơ˵ԣԼ˼룬Լϲŭ֡
Ԭ𾪣ŵûʲôǶСսʱôͣͽСô
СʹҡͷȻǲϲ֡漴ССצָָԬָָ࣬Լ
ʲô˼ͷʵ
СҲЩִһ£ȻָԬָ࣬Լ
˼ǲ˵һŮģԬС
û뵽С;ĵ˵ͷԬͷһڡ
ŮģǾͽºˡڱ
Сǵ˵ͷٴαĵżϣŵһȣȻ֡
У㲻ܽ¡ȻӦԼ˵ģȻȥδ޵֡
СĿš
ˣͽ°ɣҲ𣿡Ԭ˵


7 ɽ
С֣ڴͷʱǿ
Ҳ̲סʵ裬ôΪʲôô꣬Ҫô裿ΪʲôҪһֱô
ԬϹһ˿ˣĬòŵġ
ģ㶵ĿԬ࣬ʵ仰е˼
Ԭְֵġ
ְֵģסְֲҳʱ𣿡Ԭһֱôŵġ
ְ֡壬Ԭ۽Ử£֪գزסܣԬֻð嵱ɱ֮ʱԼһľ˵˳
ְǱ˭ɱģʵʮһֱΪְģֱ죬ְ֪Ǳɱġ֮ǰȻԼʣһһסĸʮꡣ
ɱ֮𣬱Ҫ
Ԭ࿴ŵǳ˵֣Ҳܸ㡣
ȵǿһأףԼ֪˵֣ȥ˼ұ𣬰װ׵
ܳ㸸ףҲŻпܸ˵֡ԬҲΪ帴ʮҹҹ롣ֻǣԸ̫ʵ֡
ְִﵽʲô磿ʵ
龳
龳ס龳Ǻ徳֮һ硣˵ݴׯԴҲûк龳Ĵڡǣﵽ־˶Ǽ١û뵽ǴδһĸףǿĴڡ
ôһġ˵
˶٣ֵ裬ڴڣӦɱġһԺǲŹǵġ
ԬЦһ£ֺγɱ죿ֻգ߷°֮ԬͻȻ֣µǱϵȻʧ˴룬˵ƴһˣԼҲѾǶ֡
֮ԬǷ֣µĽȻʧˡ
꣬ѽ͸Լ˵Ƿ֮󣬱ԼͷԼϸ΢һҪסͷǧ򲻿ʹô˽ʱǶ϶漴ֵԱˣǡ
֪˭ȴû˵֡
Ӧþ졣ΪԼĶԻڴׯûҳ֡Ҳ֪һºǽϵͻʧ
ֻȴû뵽Ǳƭˣԭ⽣ֻʹһζѡѹԼ˵ͷ򲻿ʹá
뵽ˣԬһ˿𱸣壬úݵģ֪ԱߣȴҪ˵⽣ϵֻάʮꡣĸӽٵ֪㲻ʱ˵øһ㣬Ҫѹٳɳȴû뵽Ϊеʮ꣬ҿѾųɳһˡ
һ¶ôӵսʤҵ
ȥ˵죬һ£ֻʣ27졭
Ԭཫ˵˳
֪ԭί֮۾𣬻27ڣһҪǿ
ǲܵġԬ༱27ʱ̫̣͸ı䲻ʲô
ţھ뿪ݴׯȥĵط27죬߶Զ߶Զ
ҡҡͷ裬ûУһô׷ŹһڰмǣԶҲһᱻҵ
⡭ԬסûթǾŹĸӵģȻԼȥ
裬Ҫɽ
ԬĿţû˵ĽɽǽɽֻҵƷҩпڶʱ߾硣˵ҩΪѰɽеգҲԬ಻ǰȥ
裬ұɽ
ĬĬĿãԬڵ˵ͷŶżԬֹ֪š統꣬Լֹһ
ȥ𣿡Ԭεʵ
ҡҡͷˣºġоˮһʹԴ󣬺ʹë˷֪ԼȲ֮Ҫɽһֵĵķ
ҲáԬ˵ͷʲôʱߣ
ڡһҲ뵢飬ʱ̫١
Ԭû˵߻ط䣬ʰһűڼϣһҪСģ𣿡
šصͷ裬ҲҪСҡ
ԬǿЦЦΪ赣ģ27ڣ鷳ġ
šһŵš
ˡ
ţ費ˡ
û˵ת߳˼š
ԬվǰĿŵıӰֱʧ
ȻԬಢûлط䣬ȴҲ߳˼ţֱǰ˰ʱ䣬һСС񣬾Ҷס

鷿֮У͹ܼվš
ܼҵոջر˵Լһ˽ɽˡ
˵ͷԬסڶ棬ǳȥɱš
ɲȥ
˼Ƭ̵ãԬͼԣֻ˽˳ڻûаܶԸԬ࣬Ǿ27졣
Ż᲻ˣܼʵ
ЦһԬ໹ôܣֻҪɽȥʵˡ˶٣ֵ27죬ҪʵҶԿǿЦ

ɽԵվһһµСС꣬ϣһֻɫС
ɽХ·죬ҲꡢǵüĳֳһͣóֵġЩɣӡ
УǼ֮ɫǰ߼ʵɽȺ
ͷС󣬾Ҳרעǰɽ֮УΪڴĶ
Ĭã˶һǰȥɽе·᫲ƽȴ⣬ۣûпŽ£һֱǰ
ﱾڲɼݣעáһֱΪЩ£ҽɽСҲΪˣǵ׵ˡ
ʱɽУҲڴ˿Ⱥ
ЩǶѼߡ
ɽȥ˶ֳı顣
˺Ҫݣֻ治Ӧȥĵط
ȥĵطһƬɭ֣˶֪Ƭɭ֣һֽߡɭߣûΣգûн徳֮ǰɼݵĵطɭǱߣʼħ޵Ĵڡÿһȥˣұ֤ԼԻŻ
û֮˵Դһ󣬽ŲûͣȻȴһֱǰš
ǼĲʹ˶ףǰĵ·û˿ֹ
ܵ·ô᫣ǰжپֹסꡢǰĽŲ
꽥ֵıӰһ͵̾ϢһѲһӡ
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мˣ֮ҲߵɭֵıԵɭ棬ȷʵúܶڴΣգȴҲл
ֻգûһͣƬ̺󣬱׷˻
ֻ꽥нԶıӰϦӳ£ûããɭ֮С


8 
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ݣѲϡ档ֻҪѰҼʱܹɵһꡣÿŶС³£һյʱ䣬Ҳ20ݡûʲô仯Ҫ׽ﵽϴ裬֪ҪԶС
ŵжϣ׽ʱ¾ͳ55꣬Ҫϴ裬ҲҪꡣҲ£ѾˣҪƷҩС
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˭֪ȴɴ۾ţ¶һԺӡ
Ҳǲ֪̾Ϣһֻñ£ǰȥ
һ󣬺ȻԶ
ɭ֮⣬ܿѰݣڴɭԺ󣬱˼һҲûмһˡ
ʱͻȻЩСһ˿棬֮ȥ
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һ߾ǰʱתһɽ£ͻȻһͷɫڲԶĿյϡ
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ħޣ̲סһŵתܡħޣ͵ȵҲܶԸ˵ģοǾӣһ׺ħޡ
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Ҳһֱɱħйء
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ȴ׽׶αҪħˡǲܵѽǽ徳֮ҲӦʳݺҩѽӦʳ͵ѽ
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䣬ͻȻһֻƣָ΢ңңš
ȻоһǿʹվȽŲ岻ȥ
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ſƷۺ壬һȴǿܰ㲻϶ȫŵʶǣһɫ壬ҲȻֻ÷
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Ϊʲôڵ£ӵ벻ס
ˣô˵Ӧñһɡ
ԼţԼҲǲҲһ㣿



9 Ⱥķ
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ԼҪߵ·Զ
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νϴ辳ʹУͨڵʹҲǲϴɡ
ſ£ӦôʱţһҲ֪Ҫʲôô硣
ȴһڵأ˫Ŀ΢գһҲš
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ʶڵҲˡ
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ٶȵļӿ죬ײڴʯϵҲࡣÿһײʯǾҡΡҡλûֹͣʱһֻײǴʯεø
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ʹˣײеĺ


10 ҩ
ʱţǱݡ¶һһѪ¿Ҳʯӹεóһһ鲼ЬҲΪͲ֪ȥˡʧѪ࣬ͷѾЩѣΡ
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ֻС̫Сݷǿͨ˴˷ǵٶȣųٳû׷
֪ԼͷǵľԽԽˡڴʯ̮󣬻ǵĺСҲֻ˲ʱǵĽŲˡɼǴʱԼѲ̫Զ׷Ҳ¡һϢС֮Уͷ
ԼҪһֲָĶѨУһİĵط
УֳԬӰǸּǿ衣
13Լ֪˴˶ٰۣ衣
ھó裬Ƕ˵ţ¶ĸôӲôУŪԲ°ʵҲ㲻㼸ٱǲġʱڣ˵°ʲôãһԬɫȥԴһдѴѵͭ׬˵ˣΧȺЦ
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ͱΧƬռ䲢ҲһҵķԲɽУ֮Ҳ㲻ϡ
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ҲȸԾѣƣͷϱȥϣЩ滨вͣǸʱͷţŹ


11 򹷣
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ر൱ڵҪģЩˡûʲôҩš
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һ·ͦƷħޣźɱҩȴûꡣ
ǶѨڵûʲôչմ˷չȥ˵12죬12꣬Ҳ޷ͻǡ
ڵͷԶЩΣֻǴ²ͣɽͦʲôԼӦʲôŶ
ֻƷҩ͵ͽħ㲻ԼڵһҪҵõġ
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ͻȻú䣡
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Ǹչ˵΢衣ǸΪޡΪЦ裬ʲô
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漴ֿµȥ
ȻѲµˣǵԼܵĻ顣
¾Ҳصĵͷżϡָǰһһһӭŷȥ


12 徳
һ߾һʱûмӰȴ˺ܶࡣкҵײȻڴ򶷡
ǰһתһɽ꣬ڿѰٶʱȺ
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ϸĿǰ龰ЩǲʮˣûػߡȻػ޺˵ġ
ʮΧһͷǣҿģ·硣
ŴΪ棬ϸͷǣȴ֮ǰĲͬͷеɫâǰһĴָСԲǶУԲɢĹΪŨ
һֻķǣнħޣ
ѹ֣ʮܹػ޺أԶ
ʱŲףԼһҪнħ˵뷨жơ
Ⱥķ϶䣬ǿڷǲԶһֲһŻɫĹӣǹʵͨƣɢ㣬ڸ˴˴ѪϢ
Ʒҩ
ȻЩΪҩħ˶
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УڱΧסǵٶȲܼµķӳҲû÷Ǵ·硣ÿһ˻һ˵˺ۡ
Щˣżз壬Ҳһ죬ȴǲܸǴ˺ۡ
ֻһλȥԼʮҵߣڷǳǳ˺ۡʹһ޽û硣򲻵֮¡ҲҿţȻȺܡ
ֶһᣬȺأ޷սѰ˳սȺЪϢ˲
ոЪϢȺ½սȺֻûȴӻͳһҩµȺͬʱָ
Ⱥסҩÿ˶ٷֵöҲԥԵػ޷º󣬱ԭϢ
˹˰ʱֻһΣһҩ׳

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ϧķ˶ƷҩֻΪһƷҩһнħˡɼ֮֮
˳ʱַҲԽԽ̫أ֧
ʱȺһʮҵߺϴ󣬿Ƕͷǣȳ´ɡ
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·ķǼƼΪһͻȻڵ棬쳤Х
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漴űǼߵ߷ݰźϷ׷ɣдڴڵѪ
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˴˶Ƭ̣֣صĵʼɡ
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Ǵɣ
СĵİС֮УҪվȴͻȻ䷢ڵһ𽥽ڡ
ʱɫžǺϳһɫšºϳɵŲûбȴǸӵʵһʵʰĸо
ںϳɵ˲䣬Ÿо͵һ漴ȫë׶ŶԶȡؼҲǺʵһ룬ھתһܺ󣬾ǰȫȥɼΪһ㣬븹ڵ֮С
ʱڵȻûӣ֮ǰȴȻͬڵþޱȣ̺ǰֹ
۾Ÿоǰ綼Ǳģһ֮ľǿѩڵ涼
ʶɢȥԲ֮ڵһһľ֮С
һʯȥȭͷûʯȭɢʯ÷顣
徳
ͷųģ徳
Ȼûкº壬űӵڵţǱ˺ܹӵеġ
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νǣǶػϣ֮ػޱһЩǣܹ˺塣
ǣķʱĹ̡ܶˣһҲ޷ػ޺塣ԶҲĬ
ǣǵ˵ȴšֱ̡֮
ңµǣҲҪ
°ңǵңҪǵѪʮ裡쳤Х


13 Ԭ
ƻ裬Ѫ
ơз硣
磬ȴ䡣
궬һ궼䡣
ԬվǰǴ˽һµССǱ˲÷顣
һµʱ䣬ԬԼŪúǱһûϴһûл·һûкú˯һ
Ǻ賣ǺÿոͷѶǰ
һ£Ԭ˵ǹʮꡣգҲƲʮꡣ
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ʮǰֻ壻ʮĽ죬ֻš
վԬ棬ĿԬࡣǹܼ꣬䣬վ°ٺ棬50ֳֹˡ
ҸĽֵݶȴǼݴׯĴˡ
˶ڿţͷҡ·࣬ЩԬ࣬ոôҡ
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ԬֽһԵͷûʻȲشҲԷһۡ
ԬĲǣʹӷŭԷ飬Ƹûһ㡣
ԬУҲȷʵˡԼ챾ʲôǡ
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ǣ˭ܶ
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ˮ˳۽ǻ䡣
һˣǿļΪԼڷܺһˣеĽάԼϣԼܰ衣
˵衢°衢ҵ裬ڣ˭Լ
ҲͲסѹֵЩɳƵӺ
廹ڣ˭Ԭ࣡
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Ӱͣ˲֣ץס°ֻ֡
裬ְֲˣҡֻҪһţһû۸㡣


14 
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ԬתͷȴԼĶӣһݵϴŵ˺ۡյɣǶ˼ɣ
Щ죬һ˺ܶࡣһʮĺӣɽ֮Уþĥѣ
ԭֻΪҪԼ衣
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žûɽУȻĻŻˣһﵽ˺徳ˡ˷ĺš
ȷܹʵǳ˺ܶ˵Ԥϡɽ֮УƬɭֱ󣬱ǽ徳ˣҲиҵġ̫Σգһոս׽ĺӣǲȥġ
ǱΣﶼסǺǸܻˡ
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ۼ˷֣·硣Ƶòͣˣֻգ֮䣬ϱǶʮ˿ڡ
ܿ죬ű㱻Ƶһǽ֮ϣ·
ԬͺŵŴͣ뺰ȴһֻˮ¡
ЦţҲˡǽ徳Σ
Ŀ죬һҲûη壬ĵ㿴ĺɡ
˻һȫԾĺ壿ʲô˼
£ͻȻȵ
ŻǾȵķ֣һֻССŻһ˳󻬵ëɫĹâ˵
ŵֻػô͵Ĳһˣ˾ȵ˵
Ǵ󲿷ȴûעǾţŻûػ޺壬ȴӵź徳ֱ̫ˡŵϣŶ鷢
ҲŴͣһ仰Ҳ˵
Ǭ죬ͨǣ塣Ż
䣬ȴСͻȻ仯һùâ˲ڡ
һɾǿƴϱ쾪ȵķ֣Լǧ𣬱ٲǼѡ
һ΢죬䣬ӲԼǰҲǵ㣬ɱ£Ҳһ
ڣһȭԴȥųƵһ죬һȭͷ­ķ顣
ʣµ建£ԣһͷǵʬ塣
޾
ţ̫ݣ˰˿ͷҲϸܵĺȻƽվĸ֮
ȫ亹ʪ͸ţҲûһսֻǲţǷŹңĸӵĶԹһʹ
ЦιҴ£ƾһ仰͹𣿡
Ǵε飬Ҳ֪æ
㲻֪֮أ
֪֮ǡѾˡ
ǱЦһɱ£ȻǵĻԺҴӦôҡ˶٣ֵ죬ãµ˵Ѫϴ
䣬һӳֱӱǿԴͷ­ԶһǻӵѪϸߡ
ȴҲûٿһۣӽ50֮С
ݺᣡ
ӰĳƬ¡Ѫ˲Ⱦ˵档
Һʹޡģһе˿д
ǣССӰеĺⲻ
ҵˣ
ûһ˿顣ֱһҲѪ֮УŲջеϸãȻվʬ֮У૵£ĳΪ㱨ˡ㶼𣿡
ٴ·Լ֮ϵΣоˮ
ж᲻ᵯֻδ鴦
мˣжˣ
Ԭ༤ȥһԵĺȴͻȻ˵һˣܼˡ


15 Դ
ܼ꣬ĶԴЭġһܣǻԴѶȥˡ
뵽ˣʵʲôʱߵģ
ԬҡҡͷûпЩǺɱʱˡ
ýƻ꾹ȻǸʱԤеԣž׷Ҳ׷ˡ
Ԭ࣬Żǿ߰ɣõѶϢһ챨ģڵ㣬ԶԶԿԴ
컹𣿡
Цݴׯ˭֪ԴһѪİʵ£ǶЭݴׯΪΪġǣ㲻Ѫĸء
ǻ㣿ųƬ̣˿Լȷʵһɱȷʵ˵Ϊ⡣ϣԼʤһֻΪ͹ԼٶȣûԼܹ㿪һºҲΪ̫ȫȻ˷ȻԼܹɱҲøĴۡºľ磬ӦþǱȺһ㣬һĳҲǶ֡һ㣬źԼûдﵽƵֿµĵز
תͷԬ࣬Ż裬㿴أ
ԬҲǵģæǻ뿪ɣܿͻġ
ŵͷǶź裬һ߰ɣһʵڲġԴžͰѺ赱ĸһԴſڱտҲֱӾͺ衣
ɵӡǿЦЦһģ㰲ٻɡ
ҲǣºԼԼȥ֪Σգ»ۺ衣
ҲֻõǵҰͻ衣
š躬Ц˵ͷһ·ҲҪСģ֪𣿡
Ԭź֣ЩᡣЩڴУֻкãһֱ໥ˣͬŴ˵賰Ц
ɨΧĴһۣһֲ˿ӽ쿪ʼܵһίŻؽѪϴݴׯ
ЩˣĵطʵҲһж֮
û˸ҿ˵ÿ϶¶η顣صʬ壬֪žǿǡ
裬߰ɡһŴſ־ףֻ֪ҪԼţûٸ۸衣

ҹѩԬܣŻд£˾Դķȥ
ĸӶ·ĽԬ̫ۣԴǣҲδػеڶֻͬػޣޱͼ١
ڵõϢ󣬱ضɳĴ׷ݴׯûĴׯĴ峤ҲҪ·̡ԴȴǾݴׯĸӶ˺ܿڰ·Ͼͱ׷
ֻ˰ʱԴ棬ټ֣ҲҪһʱʱźԬ·㹻ǻûжʱϵԴ
꣬ûʶĸӣֻҪܲغã㲻ᱻ֡ԴҲһ죬ȻΣգȴȫĵط

ĸ뿪֮ݴׯȴַһ𾪵顣Щ˼Զ׷ӿңֻһ˲ҵвϴһգ֪˭һѻ𣬰ҴԺ˸ɸɾǰзϵҲڴ֮СЩ໥֪˭Ҳ˵ȥˣȻΪŸɵģ뵽ǡ
̰Ҳ˵һԡΪǮƣ˶Ҳ
ЩҲû˵ʲôǽҲټһҲһ˿⣬ң͸³Ϊ£ʹҵĺޣѵ޷ĵزһֱУһ뷨ҵˣ

ӽɫȴǺڰʱźԬڸϵԴûȥҿջת
ת˴Ȧڷһ֮ءСıԵһ伫ΪƾɵӡûסŴȴʵʵŰ˿ǻҳһЩľϣδε߶˰ӡǸиľﵱ˲ַ
ţˡŰԬܲ˽ȥְ·
ǲס𣿡Ԭʵ
ȻЦЦֻʱܲȥסջ
ô죿
ҷӣ߾ͺˡ
ŶԬ࿴˿ܣǱΧҲֻһСݣһҲᱻ֣ŷĸȥ
߳ȴתٴδţе££ίһ죬ŵһ󺰴СҪҳ
¼Ըĵ˵ͷȻһһŲĽС֮Сڷŵʱŷ֣ȥ¾͸ơ
컹ܻšСš
ĸӶ뿪ѩܿڸµĽӡ죬ǽʼµ

ѩ£ҹС˺ܶࡣ䡣
ıӿջҪȥһ䷿סԴ̫ȴҲСݴׯûȡ
רųⷿݵĵط˵ǽн顣
ŲЩԬڿջġ
Сֵһת˰ȦȻҵһܷݳĵط
ССһӣһٸʮӡĲȴҲе֣һ˵۹ǽз
ֹܳءһ˵Ŀ
һˣӦһˡ÷неҲͲһ⡣ΪԴֻһңûо㲻⡣
ǣû˾ҲӦһŲ׬Ǯ⡣
߽УٸһۣҲ˵
㣬һ䷿ס𣿡ʵ
ٸһۣôСһⷿʲôҴͬ𣿡
㶣Է治һˡǲǺʲôǮͺ𡣲ſû˵ڣԷӣԼҪ˵ԭ򣬻ͲܰѷԼ
Ǻһġڿջҡʵʵ
ΪʲôŮӾһҲ׬׬Ǯ⣬ȴŵ׷ʸͣ
岻ԲҳҷӵġҲЩƣԼôһŮӡڿͳʱֱ˰˹Ȼòࡣ
ٸ˶٣ΪԷҪѷԼʱٸֵĵˣ
Сֹһ䣬漴ʵʵ㣬ҺǴӺԶĵطģֻΪ֣ʳգѲ뿪Ұסģ˺ְѰߣ֪ȥĸֻʣһ̲ȥ·ˡҾ㹻ҲûãȥҲö֮²ӣָơ
һ˵꣬Ŷͷ϶ϸܵĺ顣һ׹ҲǺɡ
ٸȴ㰢˭ϰߵûµķҲҴΪ⣬ϵ㰢̵֣Ҳܹҵ
ôЩ£ĵԼݴׯô꣬ҲûмһĵˣôŸԴ򣬾һҲ֪Լ˻ǲҡӣôôأ
ٸǳȵӣҲǰµ˰
̾Ϣһû취ֻü㣬Ұھ˶ʮһϵˡ
ŶǾû취ˡ
ˣųĳһСʵ㣬ǡзĸ𣿡
УУҪʲôķӣٸֹͣʣʼشŵ⡣
룬Ҫܣ̫СķȻУҸһģеҵ֡
ҪĸʲôӺܹģǾҲҪ̫ѽ
ˣˡĿǰٸ¶֮ɫûٹͨȥˣ߰ɡ
ѾתʵǷŮˡʱٸȴͻȻֵˣҼҾһѽôҡҪĻ㡣
УźһŷӦٸݣ㣬ҪǮ
ţһ500ͭͺáٸ
ٴסǵԼʱջϰӵļǮϰ˵Դ˵ķݳ⣬һҲҪ500ͭ塣
ǲЩˣЩƵĿǰٸŮ˺񴦴˲һҪСһЩĺá
ô˵أٸҼǷҼҵ̣ЩûԸסҪǲ³500ͭҾ㡣
ķ˴룬㣬ҿȥ𣿡Ů˵ŴôСġ
ţߣھʹȥ˵ţŮ˴ž߳ӣϡ
Ҫ˿𣿡ʵ
ãʮҲûһ
Ҳ𣿡
ʲôɶûС
ٸĻΪ˶ˡ
Ů˼įġ


16 
ٸת֣ͬǵٸ˵ĵطΧķݺϡ衣ЩƫƧǷӾڽֵͷᵹǿྻⷿݵĶһСС̣洫ۡôȷʵЩŲںЩֻҪܹеطܲͺˡ
Уξȫ걭һ١ڷݵһܴĵңһżΪ⡣
㣬ܺãھͰ𣿡
ţõġٸȥɣȥױ졣
Լͺáĵ
ôǮ˵ȥɡ
żεĿٸǣˣ
߰߰ɣҲߡ

ŰԬʱѩѾͣˡ
ǰںոµı졣ٸȴûС
ĸӶֵתһȦһЩرƷٴλʱ硣ȴٸڵȺ򣬼ĸӶ˻˵ˣ˶̡СС棬Ǻĸ÷һƵ䷿ᣬֻŷŲףԭ̾ҿġ
УѰںãǷʢһɫڵ׳ٸˡĸӶ˵æ飬ŪŵЩ˼ЩݴׯУҲûй˴֮ˡ
һٷʱ䣬֪Ů˽б˽кɡǴΪǷнҲȷʵеģͨʮҲûһ׮⡣Դ˷޶Ҳ⣬ǲȱǵǮֻɷ̫æƵûţʱѡ
صУűڴϣʶžתʼ˵ڽ徳ڵʱʱ̶̿תھרٶȻǻһЩ˵Ĳ֮ͬû˿Կžػ޵Ҳֻܹһ㡣
̫ˣҪȥûиһҲš
֪Ŵʱ뷨ǷǵɡܶˣһӶһ㡣徳Ѷȣͨġ
徳ԺػޣַֻܿһҩħˡƷҩ͵ͽħ˶Ժ徳ԺİޣƷҩнħ˵ǿԿʵֻҩ󣬺˻õƷȥǮҲδܹ򵽡˿ַػ޵ȼԾ󲿷˵ʵʡ
һַȴػ޲սħޣػޡսУ˫ͷųʤһսԼڡʧܵһҲݻƷҩָֻٶȴǼΪһҲſÿ졣Ҳʱʱ̶̿սػһǷǳѵġ
󲿷ˣǿڶַػ޵ģػ򶼾ٰػ޵ľܸõԼػ޵ʵ
ȻЩŻǺ

һµ鷿УɫǰóѪ˿˫۵ǰꡣ
ˣ
ӦǵġС˵
ɱ˽ţ
ǵġ
˵ػһֻС󣿡
ǵġ
һɱ
ǵġ
ĸ׵ػһֻ͵ܣ
ǵġ
Ͳסȵܹܣ
ڣһӰӦ漴߽һλ߽ɵĺӡ
˺һۣݺݵټȫݴׯΪģڷԲڰѲ飬ػ޵ģɱ⣡
ǣܹܴӦ漴¡

ҹѩĶѩر
һСݵţܺ˳
ѩУ͵͵סķӣûбκ˿
ݺŵƹ⣬žȵķ֣ܾǱҪһȦ
ˣ£ȴͷݶͲŶӡ
ݡŵšԬʰһûгæͽ˵ҡҪ迴˵á

ˣźԬԴڰʱת۱ǹȥ¡Դ򸽽ֱַ죬ÿׯ춼Ų飬Ѱĸӵ䡣ΨԴһյİҲû뵽źԬƤ¡뵽һ㣬ҲڴׯǰѲ飬ԴѪﻹֻһɣԶԶֲֻ졣
£ҲûѰĸӶ˵ӰձףȴҲֻ֮ܲ
£ֻҪһпУͶط²ŲʡһҲ֪ĸܵӡ
ԴԬǱҲȥнձԬ߶ҳ˴˵ĹϵദļΪǢⷢչʽµµⶼܸˡ
һżȻ䣬¡ֵʲô
ʵڲ˼ٶλĵĽѣʵʵĴػޡ
ȴЦ˵⺢ᴵţûܳΪػ޵ġȴҲңµ¸ãʡǳҪķ粨
գУݾͺСţ㶼˰Ҳûҵôʿ϶ġ
һ£漴ۡ
ȷʵҲҪһЩԬѾûǮˡǱһһֱչˣЩĸӶ˿¶öˡ
űȥɽǸȣһЩݻ֪ڻУȥû׼ҵˡ
Ҳ¶ҹһ̫Сû˻Ҳп꣬ϾԴô
ãﱾƧСҲýӴˡ
ʱԬȴ߳Ż̫СԲ
æѽͷİɣҲŵġ㿴ֲãҲȥһܵеԴɡ
ȥ˵žȥ
ԬεҡҡͷȴҲû̫ൣģϾžԼƤ¡
ҲһƬģۣǺ徳ԬͻȻ뵽㡣
ˡ߽̣ź
ţô˰ҺͱġЦ˵
Ҳû£˵Ҿˡ˶٣ֵҪЩʲô
Ͱɿɡ
Ŷæһȥɿ漴򺫷ɣȴڶһǻ𣿡ȤʵЩ죬Ųụ̂һֱΪŪһЩũߵء
ţֻ˵
ʲôأЩɻʵػܿɶػ޵ģû˵ʲô޿űܡŵ֪У徳ԻɵȻûжõġ
ɺЦԺ֪ġ
ŶûʣĵɿĻ


17 ʦ
һա֮УſҲҵ˹ɣʱҪôڳ֮ʱҪСϸϸĥ֮ʱҪһʱлһʱСʱҪðӵĴ
Ǻɸôһ۲˼պűܹĽչ֪ʲôˡ
Դ˺ЦЦ˵һ䣬ж츳֮ˣܹӵһǵػޣؿɳΪһĶʦ
ǵػޣЩԺػʲôϵ
ܿᶮģûкʵػޣһжǿ̸
ҲûʣԼǻ׵ġػ𣬲֪Լ㲻ǵġ
ĽյĴ൱ýˣܸܵɢĺҲ֪⽣ʲôơϵÿһֶΣģҲףǿǰƳɵĽ־Ĵ󣬱øӷͼӲµÿһλáȣнģô
ʱԽı˵ѾﵽܶҲǴﵽ˼ޡָһӲô˰ָУûȡһĲϡ
ţǵȡһϣһʱܶͳɣȴûôɼһ֮ˡ
һô򣬺ڷеĴ
ˣʵ
ûС˵ţɵһͻȻ߾ͳһֻëĺӡ
Ǻӳں֮ſڱ³һɫǱڰա
ʱͻȻһָŽһ㣬ǽڿһתźӣſڣһƼϸӽֱ뽣֮СŴʱǷ֣ڽ⴦һ۴ССС룬һ˿˿ɫϸߣĲ
Ŵͣȵðûк£⽣ڲѪܰ㣬ŵ֮߿Կп֮Ϊϸܾȡ
յô򣬾Ƕһ
ȫ뽣֮󣬺һסѽͶС
һҲؼһͶУҪѽп֮ٶںϣȴҪС
ʱ󣬺ٴΰѽȡŽϸ˰ΣȴǰѽͶһԵ¯Уֻһᣬ㻯һ̲ˮ
⣿㶵Ŀźɡ
ȴǲĵ⽣ˣֻסһٰǻ˶٣ֵձɣ
࣬ô׷ˣЩʹ˵գɲ֪˶ٺˮķѶپ뵽ͷȴǰһ
ţҲ׷ѣ룬һ㾭顣˵
ǰҲʡ
ǰҵһһɣмһ8642Σӵһڶɣ6523Σڶ3600Ρڣƽ10ܹһ
ŴĿźɣһ˲Ժɳ˾⡣
һˣҪտô򣬻Ҫεʧܣһ⽣úķѪ
ӵһֻǵػޣΪһʦԻʱ䡣ͻȻ˵ҪĻһʱպã㣬ֻ7ǲˡ츳ҴҲûм
˼ǣҺѧϰʵ
ɵ˵ͷʺϳΪһʦԸ⣬ػ޲⣬츳ҿΪȡһֻʺϵػޡ
棿ģֵʵ
ҲЩֵĿţڰҪڣſѧϰ졣츳ˣҲ᲻ϧһдҲ֪𣿡
ҡҡͷû˵Щܸҽһô𣿡
ɵ˵ͷػϵ֮һҲصһɡֻӵػ޵ˡޡޡϳ޵ȡ
ЩףڲһȽϵ𣿡
ɵ˵ͷǵġȴżߵϣӵЩػ֮١ǶʦͺϳʦػҲûмˡеļҲڵĵӣˣػĹҲҵڡ
ʵڵĵӰɣ
ɵǵģҰְ֣үүүүİְ֣үүүүڵĵӡ
Ϯģ㶣⻹һһѽ
ţǼڶһĵλѧϰ죬ҿ԰Ҫһֻػ޵ġ
ųƬ̣ʵ֪ʲôã徳֮ǰ޷ʹã徳֮ҲҪѽ
Ҫ㶣˭˵ĲҪ
徳֮ͿԻɵñҲ㶣
ŵɫ˲׹˵ҪԼΪġЦЦСӣģ˵ػ޵塣ֱӲƴʹػˣ˱ɰע뽣ֹܴ󽵵ػ޵Σգ˵ûã
Ŵʱ׹
Ȼ˶٣ֵͨıȷʵûʲôãСģһͽ
˵һİ֡ǽëӿҲףǽҪɱȻҲƷ׵𣿡
ȻúΪԭϣԻƽ𻢵ĽΪǽɣٿʹý֮˵㡣ֻڵͽܹģнõĲҲǼΪ󣬺ռ߽ȴǺټˣػҲӵС
ⷬ˵Ŷ˺ܴȤʦͷҲܲԼֶܹһԼĸ߽ʵӦûɱɣʱȻͲˡ
뵽ˣŵѧϰ졣
ãصżһΪһĶʦһΪµġ
ʦ£㲻Ƕʦ𣿡
ɵʲôֻǼϰʦĶʦ̸Ц֮䣬һԶء
ĿڵĶʦҲǺٰɡ
ɵʦͺϳʦͼ١һҲʮˡϰҲˡ
ԭˣŵǼں󣬻ʲôƣ
֮ͬҪģɱ˵
ôࣿ
ôࡣ
ǸɣšԸڣͽѧϰ졣
ãһЦ漴ӻͳһСӣһҳֻҪ水ӡڵĵˡ
ô򵥣Щɻʵ
ҲһֻڲƳֻҪӡһϢ˲䴫ɣ̱רΪǼǡ
һϢƵʵ
ߡأģᴫȥдֺ;ˡ


18 Ϲ
֣Сϰӡ漴ǿСһӡ㲻ټд֡ͣдҲһʧ
һᣬСһ澹ֳּѾǼǡżʽΪڵʮ˴ӣʦֺɴӸ
˻ظɲջزӣһͳһӡһ͸ոһĲӡһݸš
Žӹϸķ鼮ѧϰرģ潲˸ֶķԼĲϡٺ滹ж׵ķȥȶҪϰٱֹ
ǱСӣǸոǱ
ɵǡÿһڵӣһĲӣʲô飬ⱾӷϢ˶٣ֵӻˣҸո
ҲˣǾĵ
ţÿһӣǷ츳Ϻãӵػ޵ģаڵȨ
һصɡ²ӣǸⲼֻаƴСЩƾɡ
ʲôģʡ
Ǭӡһռ䡣ܹװ±һ򱶵壬ҷ˿
ô棿Щţӵϼһ鼸ʮصǲڷȥӴڴʱƺͲӰ
ȥˣһ㶣־Ҫȥ͡
æһѰסСӣҲװȥġ
һô죿
ɵַڴϣʶĶȡ
ŰʶУо澹һĿռ䣬һŶһһ䡣ȡ龹ԶŴƶƺ˳æֽסǬ棬̫ˡ
ЦߣǬͼˣҪǮ򵽸ߵȵǬǬָǱҪöˡЯ㣬ĿռҲ󡣡
¶̰֮ɫĵЩһҪС
СӺǱ鼮װǬһжŪ׵֮뿪̻صС
Ԭ߶ҳ˺ԶҲ˵Ļ⡣
ŰԼڵ˵˳Ԭͱܸˣڿɲʲô˶ܽġ
Щ˷ܵĵһؼ׼ȥҪúףһһӣǰŵԼĵܵˡ
ߺŲŵ裬Ҳڰɣһܿġ
ԬµһڣְΪܣѰ꣬Ҳûҵںδû뵽㾹ֻԵ˵ܵõĺôƽġֻǣڻ𣿡
һ˵ΪڵӶ˵Ȩػޱͼ٣ӵػ޵ȴֲһҵڣһصĴڡͬҵʵҲǼѣԲŻÿһӶ˵Ȩ
裬ھͿ˵ġЦ
һҪĵ𣿡
㶣漴ʦֵյģӦʦðɡԣʦҲаһЩˡ
ǺǡԬҲǾúЦһȥʺɰɣҪеĻҡ
šһ£˵ͷܱ֪Ҳûʲôɲһ໰֮ˣǲóȥ˵ġ
Űܺ¶װǬԬҡ뺫˵˴£ҲǴΪˣû뵽һ֮侹ˣ˵һ¡ɣһҲδյӡƾɵݶһء
ӡ֮ԬҲ쵽һǬһСӣһ޵鼮ϸ޿ķһҪҩֻݾͿԣԬ༰˷ܣͻǣͿԿһҽݣҲΪƷˡ
ڷϣ֪ҲڵĵӣǷǳϡеļϰϳʦںϳʦҲǳ棬Ҫѧһѧ
ȴЦС㲻̫̰ŶҪѧϳʦҲУȰѶѧɲС
̰ཫһ޳ɡ˵
ҲֻʱѧϰϳʦĴ㡣
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ųĬΣʵػ޵ġ˵ţǬó¡
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šŵ˵ͷ
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ɼΪ֣ص˵ҿûػǾ߱ԵġħˡҩҪ𣿡
ŵͷЩеĿźɡҲ֪µĲͬΪʲô
ɵֻǿϹޣŻ߱ԡ磬˵еͣƬֵ̣ϹޣػûӵУǳһִ˵˵УϹܣػܹӵеı죬ӵСӵмߵǣϳɡ죬Уֵһᡣ
ŵ۾ѾԼ£Ϲޣ
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ú˵Щʧ䣬»Ǻƽġ
ŵ飬˵ţҪСػޡҪǱ֪һػǲܵõҲ뾡취ػ޻ġǾвԼڡ
ҵػ޼Ȼûսôвǣ
ɵ㻹СϹˡƽһ֣սҲػټǣԼֱ죬ɳ۶˭в
ˣŵʧһɨȥҪԼػжǿֻҪȱͺáʵȼԼŬȥġ
ٴοһۣȥúÿɣûпڱؽз󡣡
»صУźԬԻصԼңоԵ
һҳһҳȥſһݣһĺϳʦҪػޣһʳػޣһʳػޡˣſɸݱ˲ͬҪͬʵнҲǱҪͬʱɡ
ϸܺػǩԼķϸһ£ǲػԼһֺʵԼԼǩػ޻ΪػǩԼǲܽ徳ġʵһʽˣŵûϸ
εĽβȴرһ仰Ϲ⣡
ɵǷ仰ĺˡϹޱ;߱ԣȻͲҪػˡ


19 ɼ
ڶ죬𣬼Ԭһ仰ʵ裬Ҫݣ
Ԭ˵һҪһ꣬ڶꡭԴƣһºԽ徳ٶˡֻҪ̫ˣⱲҲŪôЩݡԬЩʧĵ
ԣȴЦЦ裬İɡɽһطҲмʮݣȰڵǱɣҾͽɽһˡ
šݲ⣬Ԭ˵ĵ˵ͷ
߳ţɵֿ̣ʼ¶Ǳ
ǺɴſŲûмѧϰķǸϸĵŻƵĿơ
죬һ׵飬ɶʮΣųΪһϰʦⲢ˵̫ܹΪһڵĵӣȻҲӵżߵ츳ѧãҪһһһϸڶܺԡ
ˣչȥͷȴʧܡɲ٣ڶһ
ֱΣǱɡŰѽУһ£ΪٵȥѸٲǽɲǼ㷢ĹâյڶǶһâΪŨŸоóԼʹ˶սٷ֮ʮ
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ҲЦЦҼүΪ÷Բ£Ļܵȵһꡣÿձҵ￴죬ҶˡһֱûɹҲûнš
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ɽӹƼ˵ȻǮʲôûȥɣүҲҪȲˡ
ЦҲǣҾˡȡ˽ת첽ȥ
ȴǴĿǸ
һʲô
һһǧңһҵһǧͭ壬һͭ5ӡ
һٸӣ
ȤζĿŵӣЦŴӰȡ10ݸţĹʡ
ҵģôࣿһ㶡
ӦõõģûٻҪβܰѽɡ
Ȼһµʱ䣬ŵĻյ¯࣬ǺԼҪҪһһЩġ
10̫ˡ˵ʮһ򾧱ҡݴׯԼݵʱЩˣֻΪһңᵶɱˡ
ڣֻһµʱ䣬Ȼ׬10000ңһʱ䣬޷ʵ
ɵŰɣڵĵӣǴԺ׵ġһ죬Уʲôǡ
ϵĿ⣬ҲûԼ10񣬵ɽһˡ
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нҪģŻûϸǶ˵ңԶ
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ҲҪһЩΪԭϣϰ
뿪ɣؼҺԬ˵׼һ֮ŰõĶװǬ·ɲ١
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ݣź徳ͳ̶ȣҲЩܲˣֻü˱ˣҴӦԺ󾭳滹𡣡
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С۶һ䣬ֻԼȥŴܵòʬ壬ûɽֻ߬ȭͷ͸˴һȭǴܻ˻Դһȭ벻⣬ƾȥ
ܴܽʵʹֻЩ׾ٶȺŶҲ¡һ߶ͬʱһȭͷݺݵܡ
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߿һۣðƵ˹ͷźܾãȴǲǰ
֮ݺݵٿЦҾͰװǬ
ͻȻ£ŵÿǲᣬŵĻһ䣬쬵ľʹȥССһ¾ԾͷŴܵԴһȭ
ֻӵʱ䣬ǴܾͲҺһλƵĵ¡
ĿһУû˵Ҳ̫ˣû뵽СĺôƾСǴܾһҲκ²á
ͷǴϵȭͷҪõöࡣŴһڵϣǳһʬ塣
Ұ׷쾢ð죬Ųһ䡣ǰ˲ɼ
˫ڴɫ˲串ڴʬ֮ϣ˳Ƥ塣ʶ룬ѽѪһ롣
˹ȥһ֮ãŽɢȥ
ºĿţ¶ѯʵı顣
ȴǴŴʬ壬һĵģʧˡ


20 
ûгɹɼܽһʱСİѽƻ
ͷϣȡħ˳ȥһ㣬һΣȴЩͬСźһЩ仯Ǳ仯۲ֻܿоǰЩͬ
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һȭȥһ˱ľʮɢڵء
ЩǱǰࡣǰſ԰ϣȴһô֧顣
ϸ룬ЩȻݴׯУս֮ʱûϵԼٶȣ֮±Լһɱ
ŻΪǽ徳ı仯ȴǷˡ徳ڸ涼ͻͽٶȴ˵ġǴǣϸáףΪʳħ¡֮ǰùǵħˣԼӵ˷ǵٶȣڷ˴ܵħˣӵ˴ܵ
£Ȼ
ɣǳɣ
ɵģֻһħ̺ħ޵Ҳһɡ
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żţǰħ޵ħ˶һ飬Ǿ߱ˣٶȡ񲻿ȫﵽ߲Ρ
˷˺һȴͻȻ뵽һ飬Լ徳ΪһƷҩн׷ǵħˡʮͷн׷ս龰ĿڵԼȻԶԶ߱н׷ǵʵɼµɲûá
нħ൱ں龳ĲΡĪԼ徳ʵֻɵͽħ޵нħޣԼģ
ҲǣʲôӵʲôôŵػҲҪˡ
ȼһ㣬ʲôػޣ޷ı䡣֮Ĳ죬Ҳһ̶ϵĸѡ
ͨ㣬Ųû١ͬȼ֮䣬±ϾǸ߸ϵġӵбȷǸǿȴܸݵٶȣһЩĵͽħˣôͬȼ£˭Ķ֣
ȼʵԼҲŬȥġ
һ죬һվػ۷壬ɱǸ֪ɱˡš
ǰ·ңԶֻҪ飬žη塣
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ڻɽӦôħ޵ġϴ·ϣǰʱһʬ壬ͷǣŲûħޡ
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ڽ徳ŵʶܹӦԲʮһ״
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ǰΣգæһ˲ʶŲѡֻ뵽ϴ±ħ˾ܣЩΣųѡ
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һˬ֮£״̬һֻ׵ѩ֡ӻһħ˸ѩ£ŵϴܵÿ죬ﲻˣ㲻֪Ҳûͷ
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˵ͷʱʵ̫ﷴΪ׸˶٣ͻȻʲô·ϣҿħ޵ʬ壬Щħ޶ɱİɣ
ŵǡ
ʵĵͦ죬Ųµʱͽ徳ˡˣҿЩħ޵ʬ嶼֣ùɼӡǶʦ𣿡
Щ棬ʦǺ֪ġ֪ʦʵ
ţ˵ǰգһλʦһء˵ţһĨбǶһɢŵâĽ
󴦣һǽǴȡǬˡڿеĽŲһ㶣ǽͺġ
ؾƼҹˡ
갮ֵĸгһõҾȲˣ·ͷǣǱһɱʱȫԼĽУǲǶʦ⡣
ǺǡЦЦȴû˵ʲô
꿴ţֵҽ17꣬Դˣʲô֣
룬˵Ǯ˼ҵүȴһҲûУҲ޿Լ˼һˬ֮ˣҲûţʮꡣ
꿴ţͻȻ֣صҽڴһԵ֡ѣ´ʱǸ㿴ǽΪֵΣ
Ŵ˰Σӿһָжʮ˶Լ˵ݴׯԵֹĳЦֱԴ˺ɷ򸾣ʹ֪˳һ顣ֻǱҲǰܵ࿴飬ҲǱ顣
ɴʱͬصϢǺԸеֵܣ飬顣
飬ֻһ֮УѲ
ûѣǲӵУ෴һֱԼܹһѡ
ǳֿף֣صĵһ䣺磡
ֵܣصż򣬾ҲЩжڼУ˶ķУȴһĴֺγӵѡ
տţȡһΪųԣһҪһ㣬ȴŵϡûʱűֱԲ䣬˵ԼǷһħˡԾ˵򿪲˿ڵġ
ˣĽύšУһѣʲôҪ
ڸԸжʵֵܣסģ
ݴׯû˵ԼסԴΪԭŲ˵»
ҡҡͷʾ֪طһ󣬾һɱЩǣ֮Ѱһ紦˯


21 Ⱥ
ڶգ𣬽˱ǰȥ
ѩʵܣػأ
Ŷ˶ٵʱѾˡ»ǬУԼӵ飬Żܸκˡ
˲˱һħޣʮͷǣڼ˺Ѹٵ
ΣźæվáȡԼ齣ǽУɢ׵Ĺâûȷǿߣ׵ĽѴ̴һͷǵԴ
죬жһʹɼˡ
һڶͷǵء
̲סڵ磬Ǹܲȭͷ
ȭͷסһŷӦҪϰɼ
šŵ˵ͷԼǶʦһ㣬
õģȭͷȭͷջ齣ȭͷԸǡ
ȭͷɱǵٶȣҪýࡣһ֣ʮӣ˲ŰµʮͷǴ
ϸ۲ȭٶȣҪԼǿࡣݴׯսҲû
磬徳Ѿǵ𣿡ʵ
ЦЦĲ㶥Ҫﵽˡ
㣿źһ徳㣬ǰĲһֽߣֻҪ㣬ػޱܡʵᷭ㣬һ߶ȡ
û뵽ǵ˵زͻĲ㣬ԴҲûм˻Ƕ˰ɡ
ϴ֮ʱͷǱסʱʵҲǺ徳ڣŶ̶ʱ䣬ǵĲ㶥ˡٶȣʹŴΪ
ŵָΪʲôôɣʵҲûʲôϴȥǣԵһƷҩֱӾĲˡ
ƷҩҲ𣿡ƵôصĶǲġ
ȻˡƷҩ˵󣬿ɶڴﵽ龳˵Ҳʲô̫ϡ֮Ʒҩ˵Ҳ𲻵̫ãȻҪġֻǼǮ̫һ˵ģȴҲǻҺüĴ
龳һִڣ˵ǣﵽ־ģҲᳬˡػһ龳ɺ˳ں壬һֲεĽϡҪ֧ţɢֻҪ˻ţҲȻֺܹ״̬
徳ȴƣںڼ䣬ػ޳ʱĺ塣
Ҳ˵ﵽ龳󣬲ĵҡ
Ǿ磬ʱţȻңԶҲһĲ㵽һһ㼫ͻơʮ㵽龳ǸһԽĺ蹵

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δʧܡ
죬⾢׷ˣ֪ýء
ǰԽԽֻ࣬ʱ䣬ͱ˴100ͷֲɵ10ȡħˣΪںڼ䲻ܷãһһֿȴǷ֣ǱԼǬеħˣ¾£һҲûԼڵҲ֮ࡣ
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ûʱԣһֱɱϡ˶ƣ֮һȫ֮һЩѩųιһЩħˡܣǰķǸ࣬ǰȥ»Σա
ŵ˵ͷѾɢħȫɱ⣬ʣµķǧͷļһһ룬ᱻСôķǣܹԸ˵ġ
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˵ͷֻҪҵһĵΣ÷ֻܴһٶҲ¡
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ת˲ŲŲóһطͬʱеĽŻӳǽķǻûǰ㱻ɱ5ͷ
ȭͷˣûתʵ
죬һ
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ֻȺ̫Ӵһٶͷǵʬ壬һҲûסǰͷ
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ġ˵ţҲӳеĽһȥʮǱŸ߳㣬ǵͽǽϵȻҪ߳࣬Ӳס˷ǰͷ
ͬ˿壬ǰˡ
ѹǳ˵ԸԻƽ𻢣ҲԸԷǡѡõΣźѾǸˡ
ˣʱҲЩܲסһֱ½˵ΪսҲͷųʱΧռ쳣ԣյٶȴԶԶֲסĵٶȡ
żô󺰵УȥǺġʱףԼǵ͹Щǡ
Ҳɱ۾ͨ죬һЪϢָҡ
û磬ջϸԭرĿϢ˰ʱָ֮˰˲㡣
ۣһһϣУ£
ʱЩߣſڣæֹͣһԻָ
ʱѱնɱȻɷϣ٣ôʱҲģûǿͷ
סнϻӳġʱȫĹ֮ʱתæš
ٴʶڣʣඡתȡؼ
һΣָֻ˲㣬ͻȻ졣ۣȴѻԡѪ齣Ҳð޹⡣һֻԾֱţø첲סǷһھҧϣͷһ˦һѪ㱻˺
磡ʧС


22 ɫ
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23 
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һģȻûһ֪ʶ̽ڵ״ȴһֱͨʶʱ˿Ҳ벻ڡźһС
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24 ɱ
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һСȥǿƽµ˰ǮǰӦϽģûҵˣΪȥңݣȥѰ·һͬʱֵġ
ȥҪôġ
ˣڽӵϢ̾͸˹ȥ
˵ͷôģ
ǿƽ˲ӣıһ͸ʺˡ
ˣ㶣ô
ӦġΪƽ˵
ġĬãŵϣ˭Ӹɱˣ
ɱǵкܶࡣû˸ɱѪˡ
ͻȻһЦû˸ɱѪˣˡ
ԡĬƬֵ̣ΪɱǵˣϵˡûһţȻҪڣһѪﱨô
˵ͷϵˣһϵˡҲһΪѷɱġ
˵ͷԣҪ£Ҫĵֻ̲Ҫ˭ǿƽͻȻҵ֡
šȥ飬ҵҪ˭ôӣɱѪˡ
ͷȥ顣


26 ıɱ
е֣ǵһһƬ50ֵ̣ķΧ֮ڡ
ͻȻܶѪ߽һ֮СŵҲ⡣
Żڼϰ߽ˡһ˽ݱǿƽǰտ

˵˵ͷٱѣ
һҡ
һң˵˺ͬһ˶һۣһ²700ͭôһң
һ˵300ͭһǿƽ˽ȡġû뵽ô󣬾Ȼ顣
˵˵ͷŵǰҲһ𣿡
ŵ˵ͷˡŲû˵Լˣɻ鷳Ŀġ
ֵǿƽû鷳
ҡͷûС
֮Ҳûзʲôִ
ûСҪǮҾͽÿ¶ˣûʲôִġ˵
˶һۣͬʱҡҡͷ˵ˡ
뿪վãеĴҲ̡߳
ʱ֣ڴƾӣһߺȾһ˵Ļ㱨
ǿƽĺȾƵĵط
ܹܣյĵ飬һ17̺ǿƽִ
˵ͷִԭʲô
˵ʮǲ뽻ѻΪյ̫ࡣһΪǿƽϷ˼ҵţһԬϴҡ
Ԭϴ˭üʵ
Ԭϴһͷߡе̻˵ǰﻹûʱһƬıѶյġ
Ŷ˼Ƭ̣ӹ֮Ϳһ̣
ǵġ˵˵ͷԺÿµıѶ׼ʱϽϽҲһҲֻ500ͭ壬ǿƽִÿ¶ᷢ
Ȼ·Ϊʲôû£Ϊʲôһֱüͷʵ
Ϊ˶˶٣һۡ
˵1ȵ
ǡæ˵ԬϴƼЩϵƬĪһֱҲû
ƼңͻȻһ£ҲСƼʲôϵ
˵˵ǰƼһСˣ֪ΪʲôԭƼҸ˳
üͷɿҲһϳС˶ѣ㶯ƼҲ档ȥϸԬϴǿƽܿܺйϵ
ǣȥ

һûϰ죬⸽תһ졣һĻ֮һƬٴλָ˰Ԭϴ⣬ûѪ˽
ŷһ㣬һֱûȥڵȣһᡣ
ƻ裬
Ԭϴҵ˳ߵúܼ֣߳漴һͬǷӦȥƾӡһ·ȴûߣͬȴ·ܶࡣ
ͬǿƽɱͬ
ϦղͬҪ氵ࡣ
˲߽Ϳվһˡվ˺ܾãõϵı鶼ʧ
ʶ㣬̵ģôվ
ЦЦǰ糿ȥʵ֮һ㡣
ң㶣ʲôô֪һ
֪ȥƾӣΪǸ˻ûߣҲڵ㡣Ҳ֪㲻ߴ·Ϊ·̫Զ㣬Ѿ˺ܾá
˵㻹ûлشңΪʲôҪң
ŵΪҪɱ㣬Ե㡣
ɱң۾ͻȻ𣬵ΪȥԬϴңҪɱң

ΪǿƽɱģҪɱңֵ
ܴ
ͻȻЦ̴ȴǲ˶֪ǴԬϴģɱң˱㶼ΪɱǿƽһԬϴ󣬱Ҳ鵽֤ݣɱڡ
ŵ˵ͷ˵öԼˣһûС
ͻȻЦΪѪ˶ɵôͼļҲƭܹ𣿡
ŵ಻Ŷ޹ءֻ֪ɣڲ鲻׵ʱҲһάѪ档ɱ㣬ֻԬϴˡˣȻ԰ǡ
۾ţΪɱң
һԡ
û˵һ߱ػޡ
һͷ׳Ļƽ𻢣⻢ȵڴ峤ͷ֪ǿ׳˶ٱֻվа֮͸
Ǭ죬ͨǣ塣˻
ֻǻƽ𻢵Хһǻһɫâڡ
Ȼﵽ徳硣ԴݴׯȻͬնһɵССͷĿȻǺ徳ǿߡػ޻ǼΪѵõĻƽ𻢡ûлԣǲСֻڣƾԼܶùƽ𻢺ǿ
Сӣ㲻һܲ鵽ϣһпɶҵġ
䣬˱һȭһ߳ýɫâһȭȥ
۾ûжܣҲǻһȭһĹâ˲ײһ
䣡һ죬ֹâɢ䣬ǿĳѺͬԵǽڶײҡβѡ
һΣţֻһСûеı
ֳһ˿׺֮ɫû뵽һľȻʵѹҶԼ
ûԥһȭСӣҽǷ㲻ɡ
ҲһȭϣԴɽгǴܵħ֮ŵ࣬ԻƽҲǲѷɫ١˲ŹֺγܹŹˣ
ƾһֱͻȻվ첽ߵϣһȥѪӡ
ԶУнɫâͣ֡
˴ܣʲôܱƵͻƽ𻢺壿ʲô˸Ѫ˴ܣһ˼ңȥ
˵ţǰӶȥæϡ

һʮȭʮȭУʮǰʮ
һȭݺ˵ʱҪһðԷ䡣
Ѻۡ
һȭóȫȭĽ֮ǰһࡣţһȭһҪ
ű֮ǰҪǿһȭȴͻȻ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ͻȻЦһ˲䣬һΣյĸо
ʲôطԣʲôΣգ
ʱЩȴ
һΣûоȭͷǽ⼴֮ʣͻȻһţȥӳͬʱѶһϸ
ٶȿ켫ŵӰЩģһµʱ䶼ûУϸѴ̽ʺ
˫ԲأԲŵĿԼǰš
ǲ˵ҵٶȣһʼͿԶ㿪ȭΪʲôƣӲƴʮǣ
Ѳܶ˵ڻʶֻΪŵĽûдʺаγ
ϵȴǱˣһѯʵı顣
ŵʵܼ򵥣һʼͶ㿪ȭҪɱͲܡںƴʮȭ֮սʽбγһָʽ㲻뵽ܶ㿪ȭͷҲû뵽飬𣿡
ĿţֱʱЩšӦģһҲҪǿٶȱҲࡣ
ܵģֻһĻֻһʧ㣬ֱ
֮䣬ֻһ֮
ɱ˵ˣҲпܱɱɱˡ


27 ּ
ʺ֮УͻȻŴƾӵķһֿۣİˣϧˡ
䣬ŰγϸתӶȥ
ϵʱֻʬ壬ѪڴʺɼսŸոս
ǰһϣһϢܹ˵һ֡
ϸʺ˿ڣϣʱաһֱӴ̴ܣʹϢҲ˵һ֡οʱҲûǰϢ
öֶΣúݵĽҧתźͬȥϵݶĴȥȴĻ˵ټ
̧ʬһ˵ȥԬϴģһԬϴΪ
ЦһԬϴ󣿳ԬϴɵӣŻʱɱ˶٣ֵߣȻȥ

ûֱӻؼңԬϴңӻһ׼õֽһӽУȻŷȥ
Ԭϴû˯£类ʰ죬ҲһУͻƷ֮һԼæһС
һֽš򿪣ȴдż֣Դ
Ԭϴ󳤺һ૵ԴȥģƼңһ֮ء뿪˴ΣȻƼҾԲԼƾͷѪҲδؾ͸ҶҡƴһѣҶҡǾһƼһɡƼҳ죬Ѿ׬ˡ
˫ۣԬϴ̾ϢһԼ̫ר裬ڸƼʱǲǸ·̫̫ƼҲԼҲͲ顣
ɡԬϴվ䴦һӣ򿪹ϵȡһľ䡣ִľϵȡһľϻٰľϻ򿪣ȡһľСִľϵʮ˰óһö
ǵɫ죬ӨԲ
ŵԬϴ߳ţȴԼűߣһʮСŮСŮã߶µĿűߡԬϴ߳ʱ¶µ顣
ԬϴŮǰеݸͲˡ
СŮֽӹԳ𣿡
ԬϴУҪǳ㻹䡣
һ仰ʱ䣬СŮֹͣ˶¡ҲһЩŮ˷ܵĵףȻˡлл塣
ԬϴЦЦƽһΰˣŮ˷ܵӣԬϴҲԭ˿ֻ֡ϧǵһΣҲܿԼһˡ
ԬϴصУȡһЩݸŮţ뿪Ҫٻ
СŮƶǶĵ˵ͷеĵݳ壬㡣
͸ˣԺͲˡԬϴ
ҲܰҪĶѽ
ԬϴסǰŮȻһؤûбܺ·ԲȴԸܵǵĺô󣬻˵Ҫ
ԼԬϴףԼĸˡôʵԼһ10ĺӡ
Ԭϴ˵Ǵ͸ģһҪţСҪ˵Ļ֪𣿡
ŮƬ̣ڰѵڻУ˵壬ҳˣһᱨġ
ԬϴЦЦŮͷ߰ɡ
ŮһͷȥоһЩᡣ
ҲҰ°ɣԬϴš
ǲУһܻţһҪҵŮŮ
صУԬϴһλǰ£ʧʹ޵Ұ洫Ļˣ㲻Ұɣ

ŻʱѺ͸
ţȥˣԬʵ
ûлشԬĻȴ裬ʰʰǰҡ
ңΪʲôҪңԬס
һԵȴЩףţǲΪǸˣ
ŵ˵ͷ裬뿪ٸ͡
Ŷźı飬ԬҲоأٰѼõĶװǬУ뿪ҹСͷһƧ֮ס¡

Ѫãʱۼ˺ܶˡ
ɫȷɱ˲Ԭϴ󣿡
Ԭϴɵӡ
᲻ɱǿƽ֤ݣ֮ô
ΪԲ󡣡ֵ˵Ӧòᱩ¶ʲôȷ֤ݡȻ˵ҲûпܡҲͷʲôҲ˵ְѻȦ˻
ʱ渺ƬĪȴͻȻҿԱ֤ɱ˾Ԭϴ󡣡
ŶЩƵĿĪ
ĪֵΪԬϴػ޶ûУûɱ˵⼸꣬һֱǴƼҵģܼû֪ҲһżȻ䷢ֵġ
Ԭϴ󡣡ĬƬֶ̣һҲû𣿡
룬ûУӽֻ֤ɱͬһˡ˶٣ͻȻ뵽һ㣬˵ˣ˵ɫġڴƾ֮⿴򶷴ɫâģɫ˵ˡ
ɫüͷβŵû˵ɫԴûˡѵֲԴģ
ʱ꣬ݴׯӳĹܼͻȻӿڵŵĽɫģһɱõľһɫĽ
ͻȻס˺һŷӦȫ˷ס֣꣬һһѣûǸš
һ仰£Ѫȫܿ죬ǹϽƬΧҲʼһһҵѲ飬Ѱŵ䡣
ֱʱͷûз䡣ȴһ˼Ҳټ飬ǻ˼Ұֻ¡ĸʱǺϡ
ǻ˼ʲôʱߵģʵ
ߣƻʱֻ˼Ǽҵˡȥʱ¯£Ȼ߲ᳬһʱ
һԵӣÿĶȻһɡ֪Լᱩ¶ҹˡ
룬ֳֵ·Դĸ׷ϣһҪĸ׷
ǡѪĴӦһԴȥˡ
ȴҡҡͷǲߴ·ºϡ
ݺݵҲģɱ־Ƥ£ҾȻһֱ֪
˭Ҳ벻飬ҲҪֻ̫ҪǻûԶǾܻҵġ
Ҳǵ˵ͷ̫ͻȻһʱûܿסΪĸԶݣû뵽ȻһֱԴڡ
һʱҲĸӣǿƽǲӦи˽᣿
š˵ͷΣѪ治ܶ¾ܲľˡ룬Ԭϴ󿪵ɡ


28 
ӽʱûʱ
죬޷硣
ȴ䣬䡣
ѪԬϴʱԬϴΣڴСͷú룬Ŵú档ûЩ˿ڣԬϴѾǺܾˡ
һѪбۿԬϴһۣǰҪ
Ԭϴֵ㲻ңԼߡ
˵ţԬϴվȥͷ߸ߵİţûһ㺦¡
һѾ׼ˣ㲻ٺ
ʱҲһֽѡ
ϼˣѪѴϢʱҪԬϴΪеǿƽĸ
ǱҪ˾֪ģѪҪһ档
ֵʱһ̨ͻȻе̳Ǹ̨ӦþǶͷ̨
䲻淶ȴҲɱӿ
ɱЩһֱƣҲҪйɱŲʹ죬ϧҲⷢйĶֻܸĳԬϴ
Ԭϴͷߵ̨ϣΪ侲Ŀ˿ûΪɱ¶⡣
Ԭϴ󲢲ûмˣҲǴûӵйػޣںܾǰҲһ徳ǿߡ
ֻΪ̫̫֮󣬱ƼҼػޣ˳
ԴԬϴȴһҲƼңӦģʱӦֻƼƼҶ棬һ
Ԭϴ׬˺ܶ꣬Щ꣬ƼҵͷҲܵĹˡ
ԬϴͻȻãԼǷƼҵ̫̫࣬ԴСŮͻȻ֮䷢֣Լ͸Щ꣬ûΪ˻
ŵĿģȫΪԼΪˣ˺ܶˣҲ˺˺ܶˡ
Щ
żȺеһ䴦Ŀ̨ϡһűǻؼҿ˿ּкңȻѪѾѲ
ȻȥԬϴңԬϴûߣҲûߡ
뿴Ѫ᲻Ԭϴ󿪵Ҳ뿴Ǹʲôˡ
Ԭϴ֪ͻȻȵ
̲סЦӣǰԼԴĸĸ١
ԬϴͻȻЦջһװɡҲһѪΪұ˴˶ֱ֪Ӱɱ˾ͺã˵ʲô壿
ԬϴûϵԬϴȻһԼĿģһʱ֮䵹ǲ֪˵ʲôźáǴʱɱԬϴֵһΪԬϴ˵ˡ
֪Ǻ֮ʱϵȺȴͻȻ˺ԬϴɱѪˣ㲻ҪٽƱˣɱΪԴһ
Ⱥ̫ܼԬϴ󿴲ˣ֪һ̵ˡЩʵ̫࣬Цһ£Ԭϴ㶯ְɡ
ۿһУȴͻȻʹļͷȥȴһʮꡢõСŮʹİԼ壬˼뼷ǰȥֻȺ̫ܣ̫СһҲ޷ǰ
ŵͷСãҪʲô
ŮǺҪȥ塣
˭壿ʵ
̨ϵ壬ҪȥǺˡСŮǼУֵһãҹȥ
ŵݣ
СŮǣǺˣ컹ҳԵģҵһҪȥ
㶣ڽתһ죬ֻ˵Ԭϴֻģûһ˵Ǻˡ
û뵽ʱСŮ仰룬ŵȲģ˭ҲȲˡ
СŮȴǸŵĻƾСǼŵԣ׼ǰһ϶Ҫȥôȥ˵׼̨ܼܲǰ
æһѰס㲻ȥ
ſңСŮƴȴվûѿŵ֣ŵҧ˺üڣְ磬ңȥòã
̾ϢһȲȥˣܾûˣ𣿡
СŮƬ̨̣˰ΣЩֳֵˣŻе˼ȥֻһӣܴôаѴȳ
ֹͣᣬСŮ૵һΪ屨ġ
СŮļ磬ȴû˵
ʱȺԽԽ˺ɱɱԬϴ󣡳
Ҳ˺ţֳ

ܶ˶ϣԬϴЦһЩˣӦöǸе˰ɡ
ͻȻһãԬϴΪԼġԼô׶Բԣ
룬˵ҺθɣֻҪߵܺúõĻž͹ˡŲӢۣҲӢۣݴׯ˶龰һ䡣˱ûмˣǵԼ޹أ
ҵ˵ҵˣҲ£
ӳͿʼ˵İۡ衢ЦŵѪȱҪ䣡

̨Ⱥĺɫڻһ㣬ѪǱסˡ
ԬϴȺڵ۾ѩģ㻹кλ˵
ŵθһͻȻ̲ס¡һСˣȴƫƫҪװһӵʵһܲ˵顣
ǰˣ̣סˡ̨ϵԬϴȴûסȻŻ
òֱɱҰɡ˵Щûõķϻˡ
ΪѪ棬һֱǿ̵ڣʱ̨µĺǸӡҲҪ̣ݺݵȻһҾ͸һʹ죬ҲΪҰµи
䣬һֻ֣ڿлһԲһһ״ϸͻȻͷ
⣬۾ͻȻ̺Ϊ£ʱԼȫֿܵǵǿȵ⣬ͻƺ徳Ӧе
뿴һʵ˵ĿġʱףԼ֮ĲжԶ
ԬϴͷȴͲƬ̺һӣصԬϴ
ź¡һ죬Ǹ̨ҳһ󶴣Ԭϴ徹ҵĻΪӷۣһ׶ûʣ¡
ϵȺŴ죬Ǿȵһ仰˵
¶һ˿Ц⣬ҪЧֶΣԴﵽ˵ĿġԬϴôףԺٲᷢΪѶˡ
ԴˣȴЩ⣬ֵ̨ǵѪ³Ժ˭ҪǸҸѪΪУͻɵڶԬϴ󡣡
Ⱥʱȴžûһ˸˵Լ˵һ䣬Ԭϴһ³
Ҳǰ̾ϢһʱԼԶԶܺԿ
ͷ˿ֱԼסСŮ֪ʱѾȥĴһ飬ҲûѰӰ
ʱȺѽɢȥȺ뿪˴ֻ֣ص̣ѶõĹ߶սǬ
ŷ򱱣ص¼֮С
Ӧò뵽ԼԴɣ


29 Ѫ
ȡʪĵң𶣶ôҷռϣһҲ͸ȥ˱ƮʹǱ˷
һͨһ죬һһַĸоȴĻһꡣ
һ꣬365죬ûϡ
һʱ䣬ڴҲһѣһڰǰɡȻǻԲѣӵźͬûػޣҲԶ
ڵţѾûʧܣѾȵĺɸǿʱڼеģҲͲǵסȱ졣һɣһĺϳʦ
ҪķѸħ޽һףԼҪʮ帶һʱ䣬ŽɽΣɼҲѴɣÿλܴؽٽħ޵ħˣȴų¡
һֱԣΪǿʵֻػްʳħˣһ棬Ҳ˵žһͷػޡ
ڳɹһ֮ŷһܡڶʱ򣬾Ȼ֧塣һ̶ٶת֮ôֲҲŽ֮ԭ򡣶ң൱ھڲͣתҲǻš
ַػ¾ֻһܰ쵽˾ҲУϳʦûػǩԼ㲻ܺ壬Ȼһࡣ
ն죬ҹټϳ˼öħˣʱţǺ徳Ľ׶ΣûƷҩħ˵ĸһʱ㣬ڴ˵޷ġ
˵ȥܸţԬ롣
ֻ˲ſһг˶ٿࡣеʱ䣬жȹΪǾޱϵĴ̣Ϊһͷϵ˿
Ԭ룬ҲЩҪԬ˵ǵ壬Ҳûſ̿ࡣ
ÿչһֵǾܣǼ尾
һҪɹˣȻҪּ尾
ҶͻȻһڣһƹ˽ŹһģһŮӵţԷ
õģ㡣¶Цݡһϰ뺰ԼԷÿоͻůһ˲䣬бûѪûҲûѹ
ֻһ˲̡ܶ
ſֵӦš
ͿЦݡżǲǴʲôʱʼЦġڵϾЦݡ
źûȥĵңԬҪɽ𣿡ÿνɽ֮ǰŶϢ죬Ѿһֹɡ
šŵ˵ͷûˣһȥһЩ˳ŪЩħˣܲĲ㡣
ţǽ磬ȥǸǾޱ԰𣿡
ŵȻˡ꣬һʱ䣬ﲻѪϽķΧѪ˼򱱡

ǾޱУŰǾޱĴ̣ѪǾޱϲѪɫǾޱ㡣
һˣͰɣ춼ŵǾޱζˡͻȻ˵
ŰеѪݸ룬˵ֻҪŻţͲô˵ǲѽ
˵ˡͷԵЩƤ
ЦЦڵڶ˿֣ԼҪǿԼһӰţȴѹ֡
ϿңԶľԭһֺ¹ݣµľֻҪֲռһͻ±¹⣬˵¹κۼ
ЦЦԭģôû˵
ŵ˵ػ֮ڡǱֻᵽػ½ҲûҵػػӦػ½һˣǱУػһ֮Ҳ㲻ϡ
Ǻǣ̲סЦػ֮ض㲻ϣʲô鰡
ŵֽ½
Ŷôأʵ
ͭڽġ
䣬˶ͬʱЦ
ЦգŵҪһطãҰ¹ݲɼκ۾ˡ
ܵģôĲأ
Ҿػޱ⻹Ҫ棬ֻÿ˶У㲻ʲôˡʵûʲôܡҿЩ˵Ҳδؾáһ죬ῴеЩǾޱġ
ǻȥ벻˵Щеʹ
ű㲻ٿڣĬĬ뷵ؼС
ڶգ
û߳ԴͻȻֻǹ׷һСŮСŮãϳŮһǰҪԬϴǸһʱ䣬岢ûгߣֻϣȴӦеĲɣ
ܿ׷ϣСŮ˵ڵأһһӾ˺첲Ѫܵһ
СŮȴǺ߶ûһּһʯͷҧĹͷȥ
ŮƴһʯͷǹһҵڵأʱһҲҧŮȣѪ˳
Ů죬ʯͷȥһ
վסȴûǰǰŮƿԼӰӡֻŮҪԼࡣ
ʱԱһ˼߳һˣŮǰһٱߣлţؤȻҴҼҵĹҽǴ㲻ɡ
۾ͬ˵Ļôʵʱ˾硣СŮʱ˼ҵĹҧȴûд򹷵Ȩ
űֹˣ룬ҲҧСŮȴһֱûжֻվһĿһС
˺ܳʱ䣬ֱߵˣȥĹִһ߽С
ʱ䣬СŮȴһʹûзѾˣҲľ
ֱ߽УŲСŮȥСŮѾԣŰ𣬴ǬͳһѵƷҩɴƿװˮԴһǰǬó⿵ĵϳ֮ҲǰԼ뵽ƷŽǬС
ΪŮ˿ϴҩáű㾲һԡ
ֱ˰ʱСŮת˿ԼϣȻֿһԵţСŮ磬ȵ𣿡
ŵûо㣬Ǿ㣬Ͳˡ
СŮҼǵø磬һǰңңҾѾˡ
ûнСŮĻȴҸ㴦˿ڣֻΪļǿôûпģһҺ͡
ʲôãСŮЦһҲĹһöûСǸںһؤаֺαΪǺ޸ıĽȥɥʧҵϡ
žþõĿŮֻҪлԼϣһ죬վڴ֮ϡ
СŮ˵ͷҼֻλȥĴ͸ûпûкˡ
ҲǺˡ˵
ֻҪǾ͹ˡΪǺ˵ıǺˡ˶˵õˣвһͺáŮ˵
û˵ֻһ仰ű֪Ůͬһˡ


30 ս
ת׼ȥ
ŵ顣
磬˵Ϊ屨𣿡ҪߣͻȻʵʱһ꣬оȻΪֻһ֮ԵԬϴ󱨳
ûлͷŲҲûͣ£ֻǵ뱨𣿡
롣ұһ¶֪ĸ˭Ҳ֪ںδҼµʱ𣬾ĴˡԴ򲢲һʺؤĵطҪԵģոմҵǼˣΪȥ͵ԵģŷŹҧҡһû뿪Ϊ˸屨Ȼֶ֪ȴǱɡ
ȻѾ˾ֺαҪң˵
ֻڻûбҲ֪᲻С
һֱûͣ£УʱֻʣһģıӰ֪ܲԼ˵Ļ
ȥ룬㻹лᡣԼҡˣôⱲӣҲ뱨𡣡ŵԶԶ
ˡ˵ֻУȴ͸һ˿㡣Ѿ֪ԼҪʲôˣûһã
վҲתȥȴͻȻоһȫŻȥͳԬϴ͸öɫĵ⵰Ҫƽ࣬У̵ĸоǰֻµģôȻҲûй־סȶȣæѵڵϣһʱȥ̽һΡֱʱȶȲĻظǰӡٴΰѵڻУɻ뿪ˡ
ĵͬʱǬеҲ˱仯һֱΧĺͻȻŨһȼĻѡǺҲֱʱŽȥʱУһֱĲѣֱֱǰӲ˿
ٴɽУһ·ɽȥżħޱȭ
ɽѾΣ֪Խߣħ޾ԽࡣȻܻнħޣֻҪСģܹܿġΪ˿ٲɼʵѲڱԵħ޵ټˣܼҲһֻ
һ죬ŴϰֻħޡǬеĽţŪ100͹üµˣħ޸࣬ӦòԻȥˡ
ŵʱͻȻԶһҵ޺һжϣҲмͷħޡ¿˿æһ׳ϡЩħǵ㱻֣ҲӦûײü˶ϱĴֻҪǱӵȻػޣŵİȫӦû⡣
ϵĴȴûƶӡϸһŷǾ󲿷Ƿǵȴֻзһ֡лһƺƵ£ڸǣϸֱ棬ǺѱֵġŴҲûһ
ȺķںУֻ֪սʱǲŻͬ顣
ѵǷħţ̲ס֮ģһһϣһ֮ӽ
һ߱ǰʱŲԴҲڿ˴˴Ρ
һƬյϣͷΧһֻ׳ţһֻ⼦ͨ嵭֮ɫйâתͷǵΧ⼦ȴ˿¶ࡣֻ򣬾ԽսԽµơ
ʱѾϰپ߷ǵʬ壬ȻǱɱ
ŵ۾ɵϴػͼļͼ϶⼦Ľܺϸ
սֻҪɳнħޣҪ
ͽħҲԽнףֻҪ̫ĻԵеͽħܹսȴҪ̣нס
ǰֻȻѾ꣬˵ЩǲӦġнħ޶Եͽħޱ;߱һѹѹ֮£ͽǲҶнսġ
۹ĴɨͻȻֻսԶһöɢŵĵ
ʱףѹЩǸ󵨣ԭսո½ǲŸҳûѡҳսħˣȻܹ÷ǽסǿջ󣬷ǲźηĺ
öҲĶѡҪŪһöսػ޵ȥضۡңҲܹƷҩԼпͻƺ徳5㡣
սöܽҲûֻǾķϡ
ǼÿһצɱһͷǣЩȴɺηĳϣҸзǸսֱ˰ʱҲûܽⳡ
սԵŭͻȻſȺȥת۱˽Ⱥ֮С
ս뿪Լĵֱǧѷꡣ룬ŴһԾ£ֱ䵽öǰʱֻҲӽȭɡһѳöǬУæԾϡ
սҲоߵ߳κη̫࣬Ӳסǰͷ
濴һۣʱķǻвͷҲûзǸ
ʣµķǻԶԶսʤֻսźһ£ǼԼҲСȻսҲǴʱܹԸ˵ġ
Ű̾һɱսȡнħ˵Ĵ㡣תȥ
ףˣԼδߵˡսٶȾԱԼҪ죬ҪҲ⡣Լ⣬ɱǺսҲŹԼ
һ·Уһ˰գֱҲͣ˲ͷĺˮöػóֿ˰Σ⵰ͨ嵭࣬һâڿöӡսĵȻƽ𻢵Ĳ֪Ҫǿ϶ٱȻƽڵͽ׵ļƷǺнûȵġ
ŵ£ͬĵȼ£ҲƷػ޵Ķ֡ȻֻǺ徳ʱǴﵽ龳Ͳͬˡ龳Զػޱֺ״̬ʱ൱˱ӵ龳ǿ߿ѧϰѧһǿѧֲػ޵Ĳ㡣
ֻǺ龳мܹﵽػ½ﵽ龳ǿߣҲᳬˡ˾󲿷ֵˣǿܹӵһֻǿػޡ
ٴΰѵСķŽǬУ̲סţ֪öܻܲһƷҩнħˡǿԣԼͻƺ徳ϣˡ
ԴΪһ֮Ƿħ˻ҩʹʵİǾ޴ġ
ûٸȥֻ⸽Ѱħޣٶ˲٣һڵʱֲɼ100ȡ100öħȴûзáöܻƷҩԲЩħȻû̫塣
Ѿüµˣֹͣ˼Ĵ㣬·Ĳ˼а棬ɽȥ
ɽһҲϡ棬ֶԲϼꡣֻܹˣѾˣɱħȡħˣǮҲݵǧ˺˰ݴȥ˷ʱ䶼ֵáԶЩûдﵽ徳ǣݱ챦ǮҲ򵽡
߳ɭ֣˱淽иȥȴͻȻһվס٣


31 ç
ת㿴һԼʮ߰վڲԶһ£ӺݣһŮӣǱضӭ硢֡ϧǡ
ӵԻһͷݹ᾵ķǣǷǾݣһҲûУƤǹͷһ磬˻ɻ᲻һһ޴
ſԼæֺ٣еĶ
ⱾӦֲͦһ仰ڿһһ޵Ӻȴ˾úЦҲһЩЦ⣬ȤĿǰˡ
Цʲô˵ءеݽ
ע⵽ԼֲɵļݣԴӵõսĵ⼸ŵһֱ붼û룬е˹ȥ
ֻȥҲ⼸ݡ
˽ӹݣתҪߣæֵվסʹ죬ϻкܶݻ߸ֵǮĶֻûŻǴƬɭгġ
վס¶һ˿ͣҪݣѾˣ㻹Ҫ
ǰ´һϵǸǬɣͿˡ
˴ЦЦΪһ㣿
Сӣ𾴾ƲԳԷơҪɴүԶ֣ҿɲұ֤ҵСܲš
С磿ſ˿ͷһػεķǣ˵Сɣվվȣɱˣ
ػޣ˵ʱСҵػޣǷǣ㶮һּΪǿĴڣƽҲǷǵĶ֡ЩݣҪɱȴСһ
Ȼƽ𻢻ʵЦ˵һͷǰɡ
㡭Ҳ̲סȵС磬ƣ㣬ŪˡĵػŵǮֲ˺ŵĺĲˡ
ʱȴһҲ֪Ϊ仰һ
Ƿ÷ԸͺһٶȵҲҪһػޣδĶֻ֡ϧš
˵ǰͻȻһֻ֣һƱ㰴ͷ֮ϣǷ׺ݵ˻ס漴ץͷϵƤ⣬͵һ֣ǷǱڿնֱɳ߰Զصײһϡ
˼ԼСһķ£ʱۣɱҵС磬Ҹƴˣ˵ȭʹš
㻹ûǰɡŲ˵ȭͷ־һ˦˹ȥֻážһ죬һʵʵϡ
ԭתȦҡҡλεͨһſڵϡڵϴվλ˼ˡһײһϡһײײƺһЩ˻˻ͷתţſڱ˭ųȴֵȥ
죬ԼҲûʹô͸ɵˣ
ûȥ뿴˵ױʲôˣܺò
һᣬſŵķҡҡλεվһſˡ
ҲЩ£ûʹѽôͶˣݻǲУѽ
һᣬǷٴվҡҡλߵߣͷһһµ˵˼£ٴѣǰķǺһᣬͻȻеС磡
ǵС磬ûɵվһ˵
˻˻ͷźһᣬոշ飬̲ס˸¡аôô㱳һγپôݵġԼ̫̰ģ˼ݶˣ˵£ȻȥҪǬܴǬ˻һôһܰôǲɵû뵽Щأ
ŲˣҲЩӸˡˣһ߰ɡ
תűԴķȥ
ŵıӰͻȻðһ뷨ǰ಻ʮ꣬ǿʵһǸԼĺô
뵽ˣ͵վ󺰵ϴ󣬵ȵҡ
漴ȻϷǵıɷ׷ȥˡ
ýǰֵϴҪȥģ
ң㣬¿˿ﲢûбˣЩɻʵ
Ȼˡڿʼçϴˡ˼Ϊ֣ص˵ֻǿһͷҡҡλεķǣ֣صӱüΪЦҲҿ̫ݣ΢һЩǷֱӾ͵ſˡҲǴЦ⣬ûмаػ޵ġ
å
ϴ󣬲åççײççæ͵
ֻ桭
ϴҪȥģçٴʵ
ȥľȥģûйϵҲϴҵ𡣡
ôУѾ϶ˣСܲɡˣҲˣϴȥҾȥġ˵ţçǣϴСɡ
ſ˿ǻλεķǣͷ̲סкˮˣɡ
ϴǲǿС̫½ס㣿ģСֻǱϿЩɴأǻƽҲûС˵⣬çͻȻСոջֹϲɺ˺죬æֵ˻ǲġ
ЩεĿçֱŻçǱԼһƸɵˡȻôԼűҪԼϴ󲻿ɡ
˦çǿ˿ǷǣȻ·ҡҡλΣ治ҡҡͷˣҪž͸ŰɣЩʱ뿪Լˡ
һ֪Լˣĵ͹çľġ
çɽоһֱŵԴʵûа취ֻõå㻹ǻȥɣҵˡ
ϴԴģç㶣漴ϲ̫ˣҲԴġϴϲˡԴûҲˣûҲ֪¶ϴԴУһܰæģʹҰɡ
ų̾һçķڷˣһûͣһһϴ󡣱æ߶ܲ˵һ٣ҪԼç߬ȭͷʵûɴȥܴܲһҪԼСܵ˰ɡ
ôƽһһУңҲûŸе
һֱУŲûֹҲֹˡҲˣʱѾçߵ쾭顣ôﻹЩ
裬㣬һˡûУűǺ
ûӦ
㶣ǰÿλֻҪԼ˶ϴܳ
ڼңЩܡŲڵʱҲȥģΪ˲Ѫ﷢֣һ˼߳š
ҪɹһЩճƷҲԬȥڼС
ͻȻһˮ˲ʪ͸ȫ
裡룡ŵЩ
ûӦ
ͻȻӿһ⣬ûٺȥ


32 
ûˡ
ǿյģǿյģԬңҲǿյġ
һӷڽ䡣ÿնҪһǾޱĻƿҲˤڵϡǰȥʰڵϵǾޱûǻƬƬƮ䣬գۼ䣬صѪ졣
ãȻվһƬã
ģ˭ץˣ
ôҵǣֻ˭
Ҹô죿Ҫҵǣ
çҲ˽еһƬңҲǴƬ̡Ӧô£
ŲԡǸûçĻ
çȴϰŶӣղͽ㣬ڵӺʲô⡣
ɲ˵
çϴǲǺǮ
ҡҡͷ
ϴûгˣçʡ
Ƭ̣ڿڵгˣӦҲ
çûΪʲôҲԭͲ˵ĻŵΪǮΪôһΪɫˡ˶٣çֵϴ㣬裬ǲһúܲ
ŵͷѲǷòҲǿƾɫССԴУûĸŮǶȡ
ſ϶çҪҾ֪ˡ
֪һ㶣漴֣صĶç֪ҾȳǣⱲӣŵġ
ֻϴֻҪ㲻ܾҾͺáç˵
ʲôҪҶܾ
çһڻ
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šç϶ĵ˵ͷջ֪ʲôֻ֪мΪǮΪ˺ɫֻҪеŮˣʲôŪֲɡԴ˱㶼ӡ
˵ǻץǣʵ
çûǮֲǳѰ¾һǻġǰܶƵ顣ԴУܹΪһŮ˶˵ģҲֻлһˡ
ȥ˵

żҲԶֻ֪֡ӵֻΪźٳȥԴ򼸺˲֪֪ȣԵ֮Դĵһλ
һѰգ֪֪ܲѪƼҲ֪ܲȴһ֪ӣΪҸһĳ˼ҵŮӱ߹ºܾܿͷϡ
ӵĶУֱ񹲷ߵĵزֻ˭Ҳ֪ΪΣԴȴһֱû˶ֻһˣһɣΪʲô޷쵽̶ֳȣ˻شѳԴһ¡
ȺãҲֻ֡һŮˣڶǲ衣
ǰ߷һȽϣӳ˵Ů衣ûֲͬ裬ҲûͬŮˡֻлƷƷеĸζ
ʱԼ鷿֮Ужһյ̵Ĳ裬еһڣۣǲ֮УãŰѲԵϣһŮյ軻£ֻһյͬĲ衣
ǰվһʮҵĸˣǸ˴ִֽţһҲվ
µĲ裬һڣƿڵ˵ǻûгԶ
ǵġ˶һڷҲϳԣѾǵˡ
ӵ˵ͷеĵǾͼţڿʼٸͷˣֱΪֹ
ǣҪȥǺܿͻġ˺Сĵ˵
ҪʱǾͻˣһҲûӵŮˣˣͰҷԸȥɡ
ǡӦһսսȥ
Ʒһ»ϵĲ裬۵Ů˵ζȷͬƷ죬ȻС
ӵվһˣһֱҲ˵ױ˺ԡ
ʱе˶˳֮ȴͻȻ˵Ȼ˼˻ΪʲôﲻأΪʲôҪȵĸԸ
㲻Ů裬ƷļˣƷеζԸˮδһ˿ζҲޡŮҪϸϸȥƷȵԽãζŻԽŨ
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ߣʱ仹취ػ޵ĵȼȥҲᣬػȴ嶼ûдﵽ
ǺǮûϵòáιҩҺ塣
ǳ˳飬ǾҪػ޺˵Ĭϣǿҩܹ㶨ġǶ໨һʱػϣƷŮһƷػޣͻǽ徳ˡ
ƷŮһƷػޣӵθͻȻһڣոպȥĲ趼һӿ˼ƽһЩӵ㲻ˡ
˳̾Ϣһһ죬ΪŮ˶Σ㲢֪Ů˵ȻҰץ
ʲôҲܵ𣿡ӵ
Ҳֻ徳Ĳѡ
ǻկ𣿡ֵ
կҲֻһɽկҳ£Ҳδػܡ
Ϊʲô᣿ǿǶõúܰ
˿Ц治֪ǾǃҺΪ˻ҵǮػǵ˺徳Ҳá
ǿϵֻǮҲ
˵ҲҲģǾ˵ġ
ͻȻЦ˵ЦկǻҵļҲõõµʱ룬ʱ
̾Ϣһˣ˵կҲһɽկѡԴ򣬲ֻһңҵҰ
䣬˱ת߳鷿Ҳ˵һ仰
Ҳ⣬ܵҲľˡе̫ܵɵһҲܡ

һӳһխСݡǻҶѷõġʱȴŮӱ
Ů㲡ѱ5죬5һڷûгԹǲԣˣ͵ôӦһ顣Ҳ˵7ǻֲܼһڷҾͷߡ
ʱ֪Ǹֲ7죬ٳԲϷǾ͵ö
ȻԬ롣
룬ôˣдԬ
ҿܲˣͦ
УһҪסܿǾͻȥġԬ˵
ịܹ죬ΪŹ𣿡еָȻǻӡ
Ȼᡣ˶٣ʱĶ˵ǷԬֵſˣҲѾˡһǳȥġ
šţҵ𣿡


33 
ӷеĲ裬ͻȻһЩꡣҲûĸŮôáǰЩŮˣܳʱжңڶ֮޲ԹԵĶҡβֻҪͿڷԣҪʲôԡ
򡢲ֻǶţǻӵĶžʲôĥҪ
ڣŮ˾Ȼ졣
죬Ļˡ
Ů˶Դй䣬Ժˣӵ㱻һ˿鶼ûУ̱˻
˿ܣȴиȡľôˣţԼУһһӵź
ѵӣ뵽ˣҲסվ߳鷿ǼխСС
ҡҷģģӳճڽӰ
Ǳ㲣ٲǰǰʱˣȫȫŮӡ
˽ıһءǻԲѡ
ڻУ˻֮ǰһ䣬Ľһñ˴˵໥ȡů
ֻ죬
£ûһ˿磬ҹ䣬ȴȣȵЩѡ
һҡӣһ߿˻ԵӡͻȻ֮׹Ҫˣ۶ôȵ죬һǰǻ䡣
ȳʪСж죬˵Ůӣ׳Ҳѻ
۾Ӱһûеõ֮ǰŶûС
ˣͻȻȵ
Ż֪Ӻδ׳վڻ
Ըȥ׼Եģ˸ιӲûлͷ⻨ҴԺУﺰһ䣬̳
һֶû˵תȥ
һӵʱ䣬Ůиһ̣ϸһڵࡣ
Ů󣬻׳һ߽Сݣ׳ڻŮӵͣŮһһ׵İι˿С
С⣬һŮվڻԣ˵ʱιڶ롣
ӵ˵ͷǻ᲻
ᡣŮ˻شúܿ϶
ʲôʱѹ
֪ɿ϶
ʱҡ䣬תȥ
صԼķ䣬ȴûа˯⣬ͻȻϾ͵õŮˡ뷨ΪǿңһҲٵȲá
תȦֻصС⣬һŮܳӣˡ
ֳһ˿ϲɫæ˽ȥ
Ԭʱ뻹ڻԡŻ߽ԬıڻС
˽ǰӵΪҪ˾ǿңҪǰĸãⲢһ¡
Ԭǿڵ㲻䣡Сȴ䡣
䣡ԬУȻ䡣ûһܱȵ壬ҲûһԬࡣ
Ҳ䣿㶣ǵһô˵˶ֵԴУ䲻ϵŮ֪˭𣿡
˭һҲҪ֪
۾ֱֱĿԬ࣬ǹҲϲǿҵˡ
ǿ⻹ǿԬЦɱ㣬һַܹɱԼǿҲ£
ӵҾֻҪˡһ˫۾תԬ໳еϡŮˣÿοӶ̲סҡŮӵѳһֽޣ뷲Ľޡ
룡ԬҶҸұ֤кڵ졣
ҺڣЦΪʲôڣ
յ£㽫Ҫ
֪ٴ£֪ж˵ʱ˵ĻÿһζҾһǧҲûˡһǺúõվ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
Ԭ಻˵ֻĿ
ӼԴУ˭ɱң˭ɱң
ʱ˹ԼǰˣͷѲ̫ѣڱ𣿡
ţӵڻҴԺУžȲǣ˭ҲȲǡжգȭʮ˭ܴҴԺ
ֿһֻۣҪңϾʹ뿪Сݣһ˶
ѣǰˣĵ룡
룿ͻȻһŭ𣬡ҾҪ˿ǲ룬ҾͲʲô¡
ˣҰӺȵ
䣬ʱ룬ӣƬ̼Ԭ˸ʵʵ
ߡ
棬¿˿ǰԶһŰҰȥñӸҳ飬鵽Ϊֹ
ܿ죬˱ϣͬһ˴ȴԷ
룬𣿡Ԭ˵
£Ҳġᶨ˵
Ԭ೤̾Ϣһûչ˺㣬һֱˣҲǷ̫ࡣ㲻һ𣬱㲻н֮ˡ
ịô˵ʶŵһ꣬һֵһꡣǴ˿ˣҲźֻǿϧֵʱ̡̫Һܹۿųʲôӣ뿴͸ҵǾޱʲôɫ
ͻȻڽɽ֮ǰ˵Ļ
ϿңԶľԭһֺ¹ݣµľֻҪֲռһͻ±¹⣬˵¹κۼ
ҪһطãҰ¹ݲɼκ۾ˡ
ͻȻţʹܹٴҲáǸ׽㻹׵ţǸÿΪǾޱ̵š
Ҳ̲סʧʹޣӿдịҺš
ԬҲˮֺγܱϰ㣿
ΣӾˣĻˡǰͷǲˣ
뿴룡䣬һĭڻϡ
ֲ˲תҲǴŭҴ򡭡
ҹʪȡＫ١
һ׳ƤޣһŮӵ֮ϣÿһȥһѪۣʮȥʮ޴ͬĵطͻǴ⣬ѪͻĴɽ
һʹࣿǶĥ
Ǳ֮˵˿˾Σ


34 
ҹ繳
վڻ⣬ʶ͸߸ߵԺǽɨҵÿһ䡣ԺĴǿð˰ϱ˺۵ŮӣǻڿлƤޡ
ŵɫ˲԰ףĿھʹͷжĺ䡣
һһϣѶһĽѽ߸߾һӣ˻Ǻصš
çһû뵽žȻǿʵŵĺس̶ȣǺ徳ǿҲδȻѲǳ徳ˡ
⻹çĵطǣžȻǿֱţǼΪǵ˵Ӧ͵͵Ǳ뻨Ҵ̽²Ŷԡ֮ǰҲӪȵİ취ġ
çȻ֪ŵʶǿԺе龰޷Ŵʱ顣
ŵģʹõѪĻһʱ䵢飬Ƥ޼Լĸ׺룿
ڼ˱ʱ֮ǰçõжƻ㶼ٹãžܿ˱򣬶ԼΪ˰ȫһһĽƺõļƻ
ǰǵɽ𺣣ʱҲǵǰ岻ɡ
߽Ҵţӭˡ˳һģһҲһģһĽϸ
ç۾ʶˣǻĶǵĽ£Ҳûйڡ
ŵȴûпˣֻаµԬ룬˭ǰסǰĽŲ
çУֱֻ˳ȥȻ㿴ɫĽ𣬽һĽ⡣
һţ漴˱㽻ŵٶһ¶ûУֱӱǰȥˡֻӰӳͬʱçѪ
ֱȥԶǶȻ£ʺѪһ˲䣬žһȡ
çֱҲû뵽ս֮졣ţ׾߱ǿʵ
çȻ֪ɱˣ˶Ĵֱۣߣֻһ㣬űѾһ³ˡ
ʵűܶģûȥ㡣Ҫ㿪ǱȻҪͣһͣԬҪతޡžġ
ǰвףǰֳˣÿжһѺ󱳿ǻҵ
źԥĳΪվͨ·ϡ
һƬ⣬һ㽣Ӱƺ֣ƺɢ
ŵӰûֱͣԽǰȥˣֻȫʱѱ˺ɫϲǾޱĻ꣬ԼѪһΣű
Ͷ³һȻǵ˿ڲͬǱĨ˲ӣ̴ʺȴһģǶˣŽ¡
ŵĽ£Ҳûйڡ
ҴԺܴ󣬴Ӵŵǰ£ҲҪ·̡ʱ߹һ룬ʱ仹ûеһӡŻǾԼֻ̫Լûг򣬲һӷɵǿ¡
ǰվǲվĵطÿߣ˸һһˣվ
գ
ų嵽ǰʱͻȻɿеµ˰һ֣ƶ߰ŷڿиԱ任ŷλǰʱǸΪһŴͷһŲһбŴ硣⼸ΧеĿռ䣬˺ţı߶㣬ȫܿ
Ǵδʧ֡
ֻһΣȴˡһǴҲûʶǸ˲ô
ʵģֻԼҲ֪֪ʱһжѾˡ
ŵһ˲䣬ŸҲûҪ㡣ʱŵҲûж֡
ֻһͷǾǰߣΪԬǰܿࡣ·ϣ˭ţ
źûпֱӾײ·ˣĽҲֱӾʹ˵ʺ
ҵϵʱŲûе£ûж㣬ҲûͣһȫյϡһֱǰҵϵҲĩˣв
вҪĩ˵СϺܶࡣܶ˶ֻʱ˭ָһвжֻҪԥһ£ǻ㲻
ûԥҲûСֻǿðǰϰŵŮˡ
Ľ㻮ءֱҲţԼδʧֹȻ˱㱻׻ܡ
νգʵֻˣˣֻǸסġ
ž֮ǳҲŵ¡
ˣûһ˻
ɱˣֻΪǵסŵ·վ˲վĵط
ǿðڳŵУȴ˵סŵ·߸ˣÿ϶һֻڵȭס
ȭ
ǰĽŲڱֻȭͷ¡һսνҡ
һγȥʱŵĽ̴һ˵ʺȴֻȭͷõɳȥ
ڶγϵʱŵĽ̴һ˵ţֻȭͷٴλɡ
ʱֻȭͷʣֻ
ǾĿŴӵվһγÿ˵Щû˱ǴкվǺԼȭͷϵԼȭͷҲô˵߹ǡ
Ϊʲôܼս
ûܻشǣشǵģŵĽǱϸ
һĨ˵ĲӡһΣֻһֻȭͷϣֻȭͷҲС࣬ûܹŻɣŻһ˵¡
ȭֻʣһȭ
ʣµһȭȴĴֻȭͷްս⡣УѲһˣǷһħ
һˣô˵ȭܣͿЩȭͷֻѽԷʺÿһȭڶԷϣͷѵɶԷȴüͷһ£ͺԼģҲ֪ʹ
ⲻħʲô
Ҳˡʣµһֻȭͷ˵
Ÿû˵ĻеĽҲûһ˿ֱͣӱ˶Էš
۾ɵϴΪʲôɱԼѾ˵˲ˣ㲻ӢۣСΪǰ˾˵һ仰
γûٿһֱۣǰȥǵģŲӢۣҲûаԼӢۡУûпˡҲûаݡ
˭˺ߵˣ˭塣ȫûĳЩ棬žһħ
ǿðֻʣ¼ʮԶǰа˵סŵ·
Ұȣ
˿ҲûͣٳˡУʱǿƤ£ǷɽѪ
ûܹŴʱеʹͺޣÿһޣƳϡֺޣÿһȥɱӡ
ԺͻȻֳССӰ˶ʱҲƤޡӰǰӰغϣŵ˫Ѫ죬ڿ˵˽뻨ҴԺĵһ仰ǣ


35 
еĽԻҰȵٶȲ
˭ʱվǰĵ·ϣ
Ľ⣬Ӱ
ĳ֣ʧ
϶ʮȡҰȵȡ
ֹȣͬʱڵµģа˿ͷ­Ұȵͷ­
ŻվԭأĿвͣӿڵѪȾǰ½ͽµĵ档
һ˲䣬֮ϲ֪˼ʮȡֻǵãԼƤһȥеĽǲסڿвϻӳ
ŻǵԼֻӳ12˰˸˵Ⱥͷ
ʮôеģԼҲ֪
Ҳ֪Լжأֻ֪Լڻǰȥȡ
Ѫϵ˿ҲڲסѪżѵŲǰİȥ
ÿǰһ϶һĽӡ
ǰֻвףɶڴʱţ׾ȴԵüΪңԶԶһ硣
һֱԬˣʱֹͣеƤޡҲǼΪ𾪵ĿǸԡѪꡣվ12ˡǻ12
ûٴǰţ12˫ŵУľ⡣
ʲô֧ܹߵ֣Ȼûдﵽ徳㡣Ϊʲôһˣɱ˻ҶաȭȣΪʲôڻվһǰУ
СС֮꣬ڸļͣ־
ʱ˭ˣΪ˰µŮˡӻҴŴ㿪ʼѪһֱͨǿðеסֱߵˣ꽣¡
˵һ죬ΪŮ˶һֱվڻ󣬲һĻҶͻȻ˵
۾Уڵɱ𣿡
ڻУÿһǼѡ˵ɱˣһܲ߳˵
ҶҲ۾𣬵ɱ˰֮Ѿ߳49ÿһΣҶΪһ֪Ҵˣߣһܹߵ¡
Ҳšӵ
ò˶ãͻˡ
ߣһʮھȥɱ
ҶաȭʮǻӻؽģһֱΪЩֺܴԴУǵĶ֡ȴû뵽վԷһ˲㾡ɱ
ãʱҲˣǰ˭ɱ
ʮûӦš
ʱţǿŰʮס
50׺ܽȴֺԶ
ֻԶĿһҲ˾ͷ
繳Ůӵϸۣ˭Ҳֻżнš¹⣬ȫ˵֣ϸϸԼİˣŰϵ˿ڡ
ʮߵҲһҲſ졣ȴͣǰߡǣھ25״źʮͷ
ŹâǼϸ˵뻨ҴԺĵڶ仰ÿᶨĲݿܡ
Сɵ˰ɡͻȻЦŴʱ˵ĻֱЦһ仰ʮȥɱģȻ˼
ֻЦͻȻȥþҲͻȻڻӲЦһʱȴȻֹ
ŵһĻ
Żںʮʮ˾óǰĵ·žʱÿ˻һǿŵУǾ⡣
Ǳŵļͺ۷
ڸʲôɱŽź
ʮȴûпһۣ߹֮ʮ˾һԲתŻҴȥ
ǸʲôһӼô󺰵
Ѿˣ㺰ҲҶ˵ҲģҲѾˡ
ΪʲôѵСڻɱ˲ɣɻʵ벻ʮΪʲôҪߣɱһ·ѵˡ
ܲɱҲ֪˶٣Ҷֵ㲻Ǹ˵ϣһֵֶ𣿡
ʲô㶵
ˣ˸ᶮұ˵Ҳǰ˵˵䣬ٱһԣٿڡ
ȴЩеĵ϶ȥɱ
ٿ˿ԼĴ磬û˵ȴһǰȥӭȥ
ǰҶٵ㲻ġ
ȴҲûпһۣ˵֮ǰ֣ͬÿ
ʱţڰ¡Ԭ룬ֻмԶ
˶ѻԡ
ȴ˵ÿ֮ʱͬʱ˹̫ϤϤһֱʶ
ֻǼ򵥵ֻ֣Ϥʹ˴ӻѡ
Ŭ̧ͷѪֱڻʱӿѪԬˮĻ䡣
ţߣҪǣԬͻȻ
ˣ漴ҲһЩ飬ȻܸоóԬУܸоŵΣաҲţߣҪҡٴұҲ޺ˡ
۾ֱֱĿŵǰĻҶ١
͵һԷУͻȻһ˿ͻȻ㲼ɱ
Լ׵˱ڰ£ǻѪۣӿޱߵĺ⡣
ǣϸͻȻ䷢貵Ĺâ
쳤Хн͵ǰӳһĹֱϮҶٵʺ
˭Ҳû뵽Ǹ;ƿݵ꣬ʱͻȻ˿µ
ҲнĽǰһ죬סţȴϸâһĽѡ
סԷʹõľ
Ծ󲿷˵ڴ˵еĶǮ绨ңҲŪǸͲ֪ػĶʦͼ٣ôõǰ꾹һʦһʦû
ֻһϲҶٸıĴۡ
ĽĽȻĨĲӡ
ǰһֱԬˣգۼ㱻նϡתһȦǽָ˰ԬӣʧڿС
衭㡭űˣЩʡ
ˡ˵ˣžҲ̲סˮһελ䣬ϡ
ڱĽ֮ʱûᣬüͷûһ£ڱ֮ʱûᣬ߶ûк߹һյŰȻ壻ȭȣ10ͷȴһǰУһֱߵ¡
ڣŻ˺۵Ůӣŵˮڶϵÿһ˺ʹС
оŵᣬţ㲻Ҫޣңǲûˣ
صͷûˣֻҪڣʲô¶ˡ


36 ɱ˷Ż
裬أ
ǬԬ˵
ʶ̽ȡܡҪԸˣæ³һһ߲ʵݣܿ˰֮С
ͻƺ徳ЧþˡϵƣԼٶϡ
ĵܱܵɱһ̣㿪ʼĵĺˡİŻˡǵ֮£Ȼɱ϶ȻףոյһǶȫǱܣǲµĲڱһ꺢ӣҲܹɱꡣ
ǻȴǲǰһһ˶ûСЩˡۣ֪ʲôʱ˸ɸɾ
ǻ߻ˣֻһҲģһȥԡֵԼȴҲȥġ
ֻǰܣ̫ǼСĵһˣŪһ㶯ע⡣
ʵôСĶûãôעⲻֻڵţȷʵһ¶ܣôŹӣʵڲʡ
ûа绨ӵԤϣոһеһա
һžеĽþȫһ򻨻ӣŴʱΨһܹˡ
ǽһŻӷȥۼҪ壬ڹȴͻȻĳһͷɫʨǽһӱʨӵ֮Уȴӹһ١
ͷʨػޣԼԼ˵İȫ
ʱѲͣƬ̣ȱŻҴȥ˭֪ոܳţȴͻȻһͷķϣһӱ˵ڵء漴һͷͬǰǰͶŻһٱߣȻķǱһӣְջ˻ҴԺ
˵Ȼç
£çϴҰСӸˣ㿴ôã
ſ˿Ǳ֮ϵĻӣʱǻԲѣոձçòᡣֻ⣬ԶԶ֮ޡŵñӴ룬Щ˺Ҫǧ˵ţűҪվӲŸոնһ㣬һʹȴȻʹƺһʵ̫أǺ徳ԺܣҲ޷ڶʱ
ţ㲻ҪԬ༱е˵ģͨػ֮ĸӦԬ֪ŵжءٶ20ͷڵЩλǣźܻܿΪβ˶ʧȥ
ܹߵð£˵һ漣һʲôһ֮һߵߵĹУȻԲɱˡ
ç˿еˣҲԣϴ㲻Ҫⱨ¾ͽҰɣұ֤ǧ
˵ţçһץסӵһȣһӱǱק͵ڸתһȦҵһĵطçѻӴӵһ𣬰һ֮ϡ
ּ˵ڵϵƤޣçģӲ㡣
žֻһȥӱ˹
ס֣ҪҡæС
ûçеıӡ
žڶȥӾ޵ǷŹңһҵļҲȫ͸ǡ
çͷһۣջʵڲС
ȴûӵĻһ㣬Ҳûпһۡ
ͷçִ˵ޡ
ֺĴңկǲŹǵġ
ͻȻ̧ͷ򻨻ӣŴв˵һկػĹңҲһҪۡ
çôԥеıһ޽һ޵ĳڻϡ
ҴԺвϴʹޡֱʱŽʧ
ʱӱƤ޻
˭ţҪǧٱ
çȷʵһϸСܣϴһҲڰѻӳ֮Ȼ˵һ䣺ϴҪ㻹ޣҾٳһʱ
ôԬ඼̲סһ£˵ĺһҲš
жһˣǻǿ뿪ɡ
ʱһֱ˵ѾʧܼΪƣԬǰȻôǿǵ֧ŵļޡ
Ŷõġϴҷǡçæܹ
ǣſķǣȻ֮ǰҲǰѻ˽ҪԼȥЩĻ᲻ѹˡ
ѽϴͷİɡǿǱȻƽ𻢻ҪǿĴڡ
ˣʱ˶޷жſçǱϻûбİ취Ϊһ°ȫԣſȥǷҡҡλεİͻؼУȻûгʲô⡣漴çΣԬҲ÷˻
һγʱçڻҴԺзһѻ
ç顣ųĬΣͻʲô𣿡
çסû뵽Żô漴ҲǷӦԼԻҵĺޣѿ޳ѻñӻޡһѻҴԺ
ĬãçŵͱߣڵϱҩɱˡʱұҹΪñˣҲϧģȥɽ١ϧһΣ㡣
ŵ㿴ҵΪ㱨ĻˣǾһֱң𣿡
çҡҡͷϣǿ˱ĻᣬҲϴģҿóڵڲõĽһССĻҸῴСֻҪ㣬;⡣
˶٣çֵֻû뵽ô죬ŸѰˡʵʱҲܿ϶ǾڻҡֻΪԼҲŹô˵ġ
ſçô˵˵ˡ㣬ҸҲǡ
ϴ㲻ңçͻȻһΪŻԼƵһȦף˭֪࣬ж᲻
˵ֻҪܾȳǣⱲӣŵġ
ϴ󣡡çЩĽе˴˳çǣҡֻҪ㲻ǺçԸСܣçġ
çļ磬Ҳ㡣

ҴԺһѴ˸ɸɾ䶯Դ򡣵ڶһ磬ԴľʮоŻףġ޷ڣԴ򾹱ȹ껹Ҫ֡ÿ˵϶ϲڽϣĵһ仰ǣˣ֪𣿡
֪֪ҪȥһҲһ֡
ŶȥҲȥ
Ŵ֪ΪԴİջһ
ϵϲȣҲ˵ɫΪѪİ


37 
鷿վܹݴׯӻꡣ
ɫΪβŵֿɫͳڻҴԺ֮УǰѻСӷŵˡ
Ƭ̣ӵ˿СӾȻԴѹЩӣһҲҲ
˵ͷСӺļƣôĵӡֻҲףȻԴ򣬱ظôСĲǣȴΪλȥϻң
һԵӵŵĸԬһɫŮӣҲµĲǻӿԬ࣬ţ
հеĵȥ̽ҵĶաȭȣлӺĵܵȫڴԺ֮Уֻʮʬ塣ЩֻһΪôСӻ治С
ӵȻͷСʵǿֻźկĺ죬һֱû˶ǰҲйעҡЩνĶȣҲֻһЩ徳һ֮ǻҶ٣Ҳᳬ㡣˵ԴǮӣƼȴ֮ҵǮʵһƷҩħҲǻҲûĸ֡
Цһ£ƷҩֺγףƾѪĲҲȥһ꣬Ҳֻʹһ˴ﵽ㡣ǰм˴ﵽڵľ磬Ƽкξ壿
˶٣ֵ򱱣˵ΪӿĸײĳͻǶĸҲǲ򱱲űֻ򱱲ѪϽķΧƼҾﵽ£˵Ӧδ˵ţתͷˡ
ǲǿ԰нСǿǲм֣ȥ̽һͬǰȥϣʶĸӣֻҪǳţӲǵա
˵ͷ㿴ȥΪã
룬˶಻ˣ̫ȥѣȻƼҵע⣬ܻܿ𲻱Ҫ鷳ҲһһϦ飬ǶѾôãҲٲʮ¡˶٣ֵ򱱲ҾֻҪɳ˾͹ˣֻҪﶢţǻġ
˵ͷǾðͰֵȥɣֵһ˷ġ꣬һͬǰҪսֻҪ˾Ϳˡ
ǡͷӦ
ǣɱ׽ģʵ
ҪģһҪɱΪ籨𲻿ɣ

šԬࡢ룬ӻҴԺ֮ת۱ǰ¹ȥµʱ䣬һҲû߳šһֱˣʳħˣޣپܵĲƣµʱ䣬ôصƾȻ漣ȬԬƣڻؼҺȫˡֻ˾ϴε¼֮һֱЩ£ŵ˻ûãҲҳšЩʱ䣬һе£ç졣
֮çǣңɴżסԼŪСסڵСŪԬ඼Щ˼˵ʲôҲϡ
ƻ裬бŨ
߳ţһƬǾޱ԰һǾޱѾûΪǾޱˡ
ߵʱоһ˿ʶ̽ȥûзʲôּǰȥ
ֵתǴ꿴Űһɫܹ˵ʶӦǣ
ǰ棬վòƵӣȻɳİ󰢶İȻֵ洫֮ֻҪϣ˵Ǻ徳Ǻ龳ǿҲ޷ӦǵĴڡ
棿Ǻ̲סʵ
˵ǵȾһӡʦǸӡʦ
ӡʦʲôҲû˵ӡʦһƺš
Ҳ֪˵ӡʦһĴڣֻǰѾǵҲһʧȷʵֵ˺ܶ಻ɵֻҪǱ㰲ȫúܡ
ʱͻȻ˺ˣ˵Щˡ꣬ȷղţ
ȷ
˵ͷ磬ô
ǸҺ󣬱㽫ĸһܻ񡣡
ãھߡ
ʶ̽·׽ŵӰβȥ
һǰʱ߽һСС˶һۣͰһԾһű߿Сݵţ˽һȴͻȻд̳
ʱѼǽϲûκιâɢϢı㵽˰ʺ
󾪣ȿʱǲæȫȥԼĲӣסһ
ǽûע룬ȴ״̴ĻֱӱǴʺ
һֻɫԳӰڷֳͰͬʱء
޾
ǰ龰ðסʵ벻ףô֪˸٣Ǳ޹Ľôܹ˴ķ̴ǻȴ̴һֽҪף
ڰס˲䣬Ǻ޹ϸͻȻ䷢һĹâڹâͬʱŰĲĨȥ
֮£æýȴϽһǵľͷѡ˿ûͣ鰢ϸǰֱӱĨʺһֻɫԳӰڷֳŰһ𵹵ء
Сڣ߳˿ԶһӰûȥ׷֪׷Ѿˡ
ٴʶŵϵʬ̽ȥȴɷֲ˵壬дɻΪʲôԼʶ̽ⲻˣԼƵֱӰеĻֱ롣
󰢶ֱҲףŸûзǣֻڻһս֪ܷ֮ܿԼԴУҲ֪һŹԼŴСģʹð󰢶˴
ֻȴ˿벻ףΪʲôԼʶ̽ⲻԼļˣ˵ʵﵽ徳㣬ܰԼȫ䣬Դﵽ̽ⲻĵز
룬˵һʵںܺ棬һеΪʲôڴӰѳһɫϸһٴʶŵ̽ȥһĸӦ˵ʬ塣
ԭССĶȻ˵
װǬУûٶ첽ȥ

һܻѪ˵󰢶ˡ
ʲôȻ
һ˵һ飬Ҽ磬ʱҲŽ¡
ҧÿֱ죬һԵ̴ľӣݺݵ꣬ߣھʹȥżңҷɱɡ
õġ
ܿ죬ٴǼСݣͰʬ廹ڣ˵ʬ壬߽СȴиûˣһúܾõСݣж˻û͵ľΡȻһľҵĲַ
߳޵ţҪǲɱ㣬ĲΪˣ


38 ԴĽ׻
صУ뵣ģŲû˵·ϵ
ֻǰ˼ǾŹԼġԼҪģҪʵԱ֤Լİȫ
뵽ʵŴǬȡöսĵϸ֪꣬⵰ܻܲһƷҩһнħˡ
˵Ʒҩǲгۣڵȴ룬ԼڣΣա
˼ãŽгçѵݵеçнħսĵҲ֪ļֵжߡȥǣܻܲһƷҩнħ˻
ȥϴ㲻ȥçЩֵʵ
ţ뿪ˣΣա
çɫͻȻǺ죬ЩĵϴôصĶôİң
ЦЦʲôĵģ㣬һڻܻܲŶ˵ô¼أοİߣҲ㡣˵ŵġ
ç˿Լеĸж޷ݣʱȥֻҪΪţҲа˿ԥ
òƽ飬çŵϴǲǷȥǲɵġ
ţסðŵç˵ʲô
çԴУÿ궼һףԴвƼҺǿ̻Ͼٰ죬죬˶ԼóǽҪĶʵļǮֻҪǵȵ죬㼫пܻƷҩħˡ
ÿһεĽףССԴ򣬻Ʒҩ𣿡Щɻʵ
УԴвԻ˵ԲеƼҺ̻ˣҪóһЩƷҩҲ⡣ֻҪϴػ޵ֵǸǮȻԸ⽻
Ƭ̣ŵ죬Ѫ᲻ȥ
ȥֻҪԴЩλģ춼һȥÿ˶ϣܹԵһЩ˭Ҳһᣬеʱ򣬱Ҳ򵽵Ķǽ׻϶ܳ֡˶٣çͻȻʲôϴԴĳˣĪѪ
ЦЦ
çüͷ壬漴ַɵû£׻죬ƼҺֹ̻֣κ˽ǰҲǲҰο죬ҲסĿкܶ챦˶Ҳܷ֡
ŵ˵ͷǽ׻ʲôʱУ
³컹졣
ãǾٵ죬ʱȥǽ׻䡣
ѶűҲżȵڼҴ졣
磬ç֪׺ɫĳۣͷȫסңŻϡ
ſԼĴ磬ʵǴ᲻е̫ˣ
çЦЦϴ󣬵ȳȥ֪ˡ
߳ţϵ˱ն˺ܶ࣬ƺһƶҲç˼ϣֹ˴Ⱥвʱһͬˡ
汦˻١С˵
çҲѹͣеˣǲɵһݣҲɱΪڽһۡϴǸʲôҲ֪ǲıԼ⸶ӡ
ǿƷħ޵ĵǽս㶮ǿ޼֮Щ˵
սǼ
ҲǼ
ǲͽˣʲôҲýмԴļͭһϴ󣬽׻ϣһҲûпء
çҧǲϴδ㻹һΣ
ϴһƣç̲ס˸£æϴҸղʲôҲû˵˼ҿǧȥѽ
û£ç£Ҽȥʲô˵ҪȥĻǻؼˡ
çһһ£æܵػϴļüǮɣܻһƷҩнħˣӷ𡣡
ЦЦû˵ȺŽ׳ȥ
ԴһһȵĽ׻ᣬĵĹ㳡ٰ졣ʱһ̨ƷҪۻǽˣ̨¹ʮͭ壬ٰҪ۵ƷԱ׽еʱ췽óڸ̨̨࣬УԳǮ򣬻ƷнֻҪͬ⣬㽻׳ɹ˵ףһʱСԴһС򣬵ȻרŵУǱһһȵĽ׻ᡣΪƼҺ̻죬Ҳûʧ⽻׻ᵹһһ𱬣ҲֹƷ
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֣صĵһսĵ˻ҪһЩʱ䡣
죬Ȿսĵòã
Ŷ㶣һ£öε𣿡
ûŻشһ˱ʦĽףȨ˵ԼƷ𣿡
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ô죿˵֣أҲɫһ䡣
룬ȥׯǰԴУҲֻܼ⵰α
ãȥ֣صĵ˵ͷȾ˳ȥ
źçһۣͬʱһɴ˿ԼⶫʵüǮ
ֵ˰ʱڻһͬͷ׷ˣ֮ǰʦˣæŵǰϹϾĵʦսĵ̫ʵǲҶ϶
˽ӹϸĿ˿ִӻһƵĶŵ˰죬һûսĵ
ʱһԵĹ˵Ļ嶼̲סһ׻ϵ飬֣ҲûмôصĶƷħ޵ĵССԴУӵУҲóһöļֱֵ޷
ЩʵսĵǮ뽻ʲô
֣أҪƷҩ˶٣ǹºͼʦӣֵټöƷħˡ
µ˵ͷʱ˵Щǵ׼ۣʱ˳ߵļǮɳ֮áǽļǮгȡ20Ľ׷ѣû˳ۣûȥʱԭǲȡκηãֻ30ͭ岻ٷǽ׻Ĺأͬ⣿
ŵ˵ͷͬ⡣
ˣñ˼¼һöӲװսĺϣóһöͬӵݸţ׻ŴȡƷмǣ򲻿ɶʧ
ŵ˵ͷӹӷǬУçȥ˸һҾƹݣֻŽ׻Ŀ


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ƹѾˣźç߽ȥʱ򣬱һλҲûУЩ˶ǵŽ׻Ὺġֻ˳
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ӣֻһطֻܹﻨ̫󣬲֪ϴܲܳǮ
ϴҶеǮ·е㱩ӡɻûߵʱ򣬸Ǳ齣10Ǵε100ЩǮ˵ƷҩҪǳԷȾƵĻȥĳԶ⡣
çɵĿţû˵ʲôϴͣʱܲóǮҲ¡һ˿¡
çתתðç˵ĵط̧ͷ˿ƣɫʱЩѿ֡ԺçǾƹݣ
çǼԺ
ԺЩƵ
çЦЦ˼ԺʱﻹܹλοԺֻŮˣҲовˣľƲҲƹݵĲ
Ҳǣǽȥ
ϴ˵أȥʲô
Ǿͽ̧Ⱦ߽Ժ
߽ȥһﵹΪ徻һʮİϸˣһӰûС
𻣬һç
ҪʲôС˵
çҲѹҪûз䣬ûзûоƣҲûвˡ
Ų˵
ʱӿڵûйˣС䶼һҰˡ
ûˣҲûˡСֹš
ûˣҲû𣿡çЩĵû̬ȵ𻡣
ġˣһǽողģһŮأոմȥ·Ҫ˵һˡ
ҽ
áֻСǸģֻǸһǸССĳǮҪȽϸһ㡣
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ݣʮҲСçûЩϴǮ
˭֪ȴҡҡͷңһͭҲС
çһŭ꣬ôȥ
⣬СҲȽ⡣ﳤڸɣֻӦһΣһǽ졣ҪҪˣǿˡ
ǻ߰ɡǬǮҲô
çҲԣǮˣҲûǮոʮңҧ˵ġ
ת߳ȥʱ򣬴ͨ¥¥ݴͻȻһŮŮԼʮһҵӣһȹʩһ㱡ۣŮΪȻûз죬һ磬ȴҲ˼Ů˵ζһԺ֮УŮԵףûЩ쳾Ůӵӹ׷ˣҲûĵЦݣССȴһεĲɣ
ŵĽŲͻȻͣסǿ˵ңҪˡ
çЩĿţ¶һֵı飬ϴϲŮ
Űһۣȴû˵ִӻͳҵݸ𻡣
𻺬ЦӹҲû뵽쾹ķһ֮ơֻǿǸŮįǰְҵԵǰɣͺŮ̸һʽףԼͭŮĵһΣû뵽Ÿո̸ãת־ˣңǮ̫ˡ
żϵ¥һ䷿䣬׼һʢľϯȥ
УŮһֱͷһ仰Ҳû˵ûпһۡ
Ҳһֱû˵ֱǰ£ժͷϵңŲڿڵô
˻Լ֣Ůæ̧ͷ㶣漴Щϲĵ磬㡣
ЦЦŮŽɽ֮ʱҧŮҲһֱҪΪԬϴ󱨳Ů벻ףŮΪʲôһŮձҧߣ߶߹һֻΪάԼһؤϣڣΪصϣֵȥˣ
Цһ£ԴһһȵĽ׻ᣬȥ׻ϻһöػ޵Ҫͭ塣ûУֻȥ֪ôߵǰǸ裬ӦֻҪҽһˣ͸ʮͭ塣
ʹӦˣüʵ
šӹһ˿һͭҲ׬ӦҾͻʧȥλᡣ죬ⱲҶûлӵԼػˡ
ſҲӿһ˿ػ޶ûСҪԼ壬Žܹһӵػ޵Ļᡣ֮䣬˲ƽ
ĬãŲŵӵһʲôػޣ
Ҫһֻƽ𻢣ҴˣػһͷϬţֻлƽ𻢲ܿס
һԵçͻȻۣ֣صĵǴﵽ徳㣬˻ƽ𻢣ҲĶ֡ػ޵ƷʣܾһС
ȴüͷûһ£ᶨĵֻҪӵػޣһ죬һᳬģһҪΪ屨𡣡
ŵֻҪģͻлᡣҴӦһöƽ𻢵ػ޵ں뿪
šлл硣صͷֵҲܰҪĶҿöġ
˵ţӻͳһöɫĵԬϴ͸ȡůĵö֪˶ĥҲΪԬϴöŷҪΪԬϴ󱨳Ϊ˱ϧԼ塣
һֶ䣬еǹɼȴδ˿̣ҪѵȥҲǧᣬᾹ̲סӡ
ûȥӣҪ˵ЩʲôȴǵȻǿҵĺ⡣ϵ¶Ҳȣ̼һպ飬̵ֶðһ̡Ҳղסһǵ㱻ڿУæһѽӹۼģѵסķϡǲƳɣµȡ
ͬʱŸоǬе£徹Ҳ䣬һֱĺͻȻʢǹâ˻˸Ծ
żǵãһ䣬Ǵҧʱڸո뿪֮±ǴʱΡ
ϴγʱһأŲҲԡ
ڵȣһʱ䡣
һʱʱ
ϵĵǬеָֻϴεʱһ¡
Žϵĵòŵһ֮ĵǲҲ
˵ͷǵģô£
ŵҲ֪Ҳö⣬ᾭڵң֪Ǻǻ
룬ǵȽŪʱٰ͸㣬𣿡
ŵʵ㲻Ҫ͸ҵģһöƽ𻢵˵ʲô
ǲСǿĵ
ÿ˶ÿ˵ԭ֪ԭ򣬱Ǿռκ˵ıˡô󣬾ֻܹԬϴĶݣ㷢ҪΪԬϴ󱨳ˣҲ׽ԼĻƽ𻢵
ǺðɣȽŪˣٰѵ͸ҡֻ˵ȻҪĻƽ𻢵
š˵ĵ˵ͷŰѵ뻳С
˳Ա㣬ž뽻׻Ὺʼʱˣ뿪ԺһŹ㳡ȥ


40 ֵ
㳡׻ỹûпʼȴһ⣬öػ޵𣿡
ӦòǰɣҶػԼˣʲôҲûС
Ŷŵ˵ͷܾöӦػ޵һһػޣ˵ŷеĲ롣
ʱ㳡Ѿˡƾŷŵӣ쵽˹㳡ߣ߶λҲӵɨһȦȻˣҾԼǰԶͷѹѹִç˺һЩʡñһЩҪ鷳ڵŻûжԸʵ
ֹ˰ʱ̨ȥǸŷӵĹ¡
˵һѽƼҺ̻˵ķϻһ˵ǰʱֱŶҪ˯˵ʱĽײʽʼ
óıһöƽ𻢵500ҡ
ȺʼӼۣǶϡˣڵȴû˺ɴ˿óĶԴеλˣǸͿһöƽ𻢵ĵܹӵҲǺ۵ս̫йء
һ֮󣬻ƽ𻢵ļ۸1200ȶ
ûټˣͻȻں1500ҡ
Ⱥʱ˶Դȴֻһۣңȫ¶ʵʵˣ䣬ŮҲ
çһԵϴû뵽ôǮ㵹һѽҲ1201ҾˣȴһӺôߣ300Ұװ׵ľûˣܼѽڵçеʱԽԽһСˡ
ŵǾУһնΨΨŵŵԼһ᲻
çĻЦå㶮ʲôһֶ㶮һӣһֻô㣬ҲһȥҪһӰѼǮһأҲῼǵԼĲͨôӼۣ̫ı˲ˡ
ç˵ĺƵģҪǮĲŲںӵ⼸پء
ЦЦåΪǮģܿһֻƽ𣿡ԴԺűĿڰçгå
çû˵ΪѾźں󣬹ȻûټӼۡƽ𻢱ųɹĵʵ֤һУçǲҲֳֻܱĬ
ԵͻȻСʵ磬Ǹ𣿡
ŵȻ
ĬƬֵ̣û뵽ƽ𻢵ôأǸ²ֵ1500ҡ
ˡöܿǼֵǵıҴҲûмôһöء
˵ʱֿ̨ʼ˵ڶףξȻһݡ¾Ҳ˺ۣ3öߡ
ЦЦå˵ĲȻ˰ݵ˱
çֵ3öңһ˼˵ѾǺܴһˡǰöҲòȥٵġ
ſ˿çǰҲһ
ç۹ͻȻһЩҲ̲סʵ磬ǰҲûǮ𣿡
ŵǰֻһӶѣǵüгû¹
Ǻ
ΪʵðսɽУɵ˺ܶݡ
ʱ̨ó˵Ʒ˵̸Ҳһ䡣
ƷȻһƷҩ۾ԼսܻܲƷҩŻȷܹƷҩ
ŵʱ̨ͻȻ˱Ǯ500񡣡
ŵĵʱһֱʱ֪Ʒҩļֵ500ѲܳļǮˡңֻǸոտʼܿ죬˼ϼӼۡ
800񡭡1000񡭡1200񡭡
ƷҩȻ2100ļ۸˳ȥ
ߵļǮŵЩԼսܻܲһƷҩŴʱһҲûС
мƷ׳ȥлһöнħˡħ˱1600ȥ
Խ۵ƷŵǲȤֻЩŵĵԼս֡
˵ȴʱǹ²˵ν׵һƷҲǱ콻׻صһƷ˵ţǹóһµĺӣ򿪣̨µȺɨһȦŻһöнػޣսػ޵׼Ʒҩöнħˡ
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˰Ĺ㳡ŵиǲȻһ۵˶ûУԼսȥˡ
çҲɫһǸϽҹµ˵˵ѵ׼۽ҲԸ⻻
ŵ˵ͷУֻҪܻһƷҩнħˡֲһֶС
ţȥ졣çվ뵽̨ȥҹµʱ򣬹㳡ΧȴͻȻ
ڶݵļž󣬽Ⱥķ
һֱ׻жֱȽϰߵˣʱҲǴ󲿷ֶվһ۷ŹĿ̨ϡ
ҳ4Ʒҩ4нħˣ֪˭
һ仰Ⱥĺ䶯
һ
ҳ
ʮ
żǮĲӣŵҲͣھȵʧƾȻתһССûɳ
һҵ֮ռǮ25Ʒҩ25Ʒħʱͣ
çһûдһڣʱͨ죬ڿڵԹԣ⻹ÿˡ
ҲǼĵ磬⵰ֵǮ
ʱ׻ѾµСݣҵ£Ӷһ˽ҩ۳20Ľ˰õ20ҩħˡȡ˻ƽ𻢵ç뿪˹㳡
ûֱӻصУ뿪Դ򣬴һƬ֣˸䣬˼·ֽһƬ֡
˽󲻾ãֵıԵͻȻ˵Ӱ΢΢¹Կ˾Ѫİ͹ܼ
˵ǽĺܣոյ»֮ǰӱߣھʣô죿ʵ
룬ٵֶţҾΧֵıԵתһҪҵЩҩħˣѪؽΪԴһʱǱ㲻ҪټɻƼҺ̻ˡ
˵ͷǰƼҺ̻ˣоͿԶˣαҪôԶڻ֪ܲҵˡ
û뵽ƼҾȻۺʵܹóôҩħˡ˶٣ֵȥɣˡ
ͷֱԾһϣֶȥҲΧֱԵʼȦ
˸ոȥʱźçִԭ˳˶һۣ·ɱȥ
еǿɫаⶫǹãȻһҲûзԼ
ٴ˼Ȧ˲СĵĽԴУûߴ֣һЩƧС·صС
ʱçſڵѹϴСģû뵽Ȼ˴ǵ⣬ѵϴݣ
ЦͲʶң̸ʲôҵݡĿĲΪЩҩħ˰ˡ


41 Ծϣ
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գ˳ԹģͻȻԬ裬ݴׯһˣѺѾˣҲһ˹µڴС
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۾ûж㣬ҲȭͷһȭȥһȭǶӵȭͷ
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ֱ˲֪ӱûб˫ȭͷǿıԼȭͷϣ20꣬ԼȭͷȾֻӲ˵ϣбҸǿĴڣȴûбҸӲȭͷ
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һҽУΧǴһƬȵġ۵˸оκЩԣæ۾ųȥ
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žסתؼҲǻڣᴿֻ֮ʣ¶㣬С֮Сֻⶡ㣬ţȴҲǿں徳ڼ䣬ǲܿġΪ˵ıûֲ龳һػ޺塣Ҫǿʵֻħ޻ػսսʤȡսܷͷŵǿҩħˡ
徳ΪѵġŵʽһࡣĳɳҪȱеԭԼҲ
ֻ֪Լӵ˺һھСţһģһΪʲôͲܹˡ
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ʱڲ֪бȥ˰ʱųԷçҲѾڴнҷӵ顣
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50 
ԽԽ󣬺ɵᣬֻڰӵʱ㱻˸ɾçܵ⡣ʱ˶ĵǣԭŵ֮
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һҲԬܣҲĶӡʧȥµİոһȴֻһʱ䣬㾭飬˭ܹܵˣ
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ЦЦḧϵëǲֻҪ¾ͺáһҲЩףҲʲôϹޡϾϹֻǴ˵ɵ˵ӵϹޣ˵δؾ档ոշСǲǧȷϹޣҲûӵ
ܹΪߡһҲ޹ء
ǰֲ²⣬ΪһֱΪЩ´ģӸϣһ
ֻǣǲһֻϹޣŶνԼ˵ҲãҲաֻҪ£Ѿˡ
ʵҪԼŬġȫһֻǿػޡ㣬ŴҲûʧȥġ
ʱڵȼյĻ֮ѶҪ֮ǰû١
Ϊ֪Ҳһ£ٵͬʱȴǳߡͬľ磬ţû˻ԼĶ֡
ȻУǾȥɽУħˡҩսʵֻҪ֣˵
УҲŵĹâ


53 ٴνɽ
żͷвͣ˵˵ǣԴܹ֮µһҲûͣҪѴӳ˵Ļһ֮䲹ꡣ
ʱȴȫȻû˵Щʲôڸ˵ʱȷʵ˷ܲѣһһҹ֮˭˷ˡ
οŵǰվһֻ׳ĳƽ𻢡
ǰһֻƽ𻢣ŻСڲͬڵţֻ൱ں徳һľ磬Լǲǻƽ𻢵ĶһҲ
ɵĻŻһֱûл̺һֻȽħԵģȴûոɽĵһֻħޱǻƽ𻢡һбһ
齣ΪԼġ
עǽ㷢ĹâȻ󣬽ѣɢһء
£žȵĿнʣһһʱЩסô£
磬һ̫ȣ⽣ˡ˵ľվ˵Ҫɽ֮ǲҲҪɣ˵ҪԼС
С죬ȻС֡ҲȻġУ˵ԼǺŮôԼػҲȻǺĺˣȻҪС죬οô졣
ȴ֪Сϲϲ֣Ҳ֪СŮֻÿʱ֣СǻԹĿһۡɲЩϲҲûбСٺˡ
صƬҲǾȲѡȻ˵ǶԵģǽܲסԼڵա
ѽǵͽ׵ģּӲҲǳܹġ
ڣ⽣ȻֲסԼŵͻȻ
ѵԼȻƼ࣬Ǳʵȴûм
ǰĻƽ𻢣ͻȻȥ̧֣һȭ˻ͷ֮ϡ
ƽ߶ûк߳һſڵϡŴͷýһƬ
Ľ˵סżͷһֱੲݵ£ͻȻ˿ڣһŵǴ󻢣ˣ
ˡźЦʱѾԼʵǰٴδﵽ徳㣬֪һǿȡ
ƽ𻢵ϣͷųһЩŲûпգ㶼ڣһա
սʽֻҪʤԽǿܹյԽࡢԽ
ƽˣСͻȻһһߵǰȥ˼ˤ˸ͷܣһͷȵƽǰʱСˤ߰˸ͷ
Σź¶ǱôЦֹ
СȴЩıŻƽ𻢵ͷ̫С̫ζǰ·
ʵ̲סڻƽͷϣС죬Ҫʲôѽ
СԹĿһۣȻڻͷ֮ϣССצӰǿ˻ƽ𻢵ͷ­ץһŵɫħˣһڱ븹С
žȵ˵£СҲһ֪ôʵء
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ŲأҵСҪ´ˡ
ҴһϣССצӴ˵ҿ
У˵ʲô˲첻ͣڣ˶䶼ۡҲŲС˵ء
㡭Ĺĵĵһۣ漴ֵˣ˼ҲһСӼʶ
ֻ꣬˵Сӣҽ궼11ˡǲ
ðɣ㲻Ǻӡô˼һֻСأ˵ţż
ЦЦּǰȥֻ֪»˵飬ûиκˣԬͺ趼ûиߣ֪Ǵȥһ㣬ΪԼ鷳
¸ոջ˵ֹܲסԼ죬Ҳ֪
һʱܿȥһ38ֻħޣСҲ38ħˣССȴһ仯ûУϹϵѡ·ϣҲɵ˼ƷҩҩСȷʵ˵һȤҲޣ˵ˣһۡ
һܷĵطϢһҹڶŵ죬ӦþѰҷ򣬷ǶǳȺûսʱ򻹻飬ٶӦ١
µǾͽҰɣҿԷֱǵζ
ڵ£ɲǰҪǰ·ˣһֱżͷһ˵ߣһСצָһߵǱǱߡ
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µô֪õһľ֮Ҳܹŵǵζѽ
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£㲻ˡοڵţ˵ŶЩ̲סˣҲ̫ˣԼ׸תˡ
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Ҳ
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źһۣȥңȻͷǡĴ˿ΣһɽڼнǴϴǧͷͬĵΡ
ϴˣΪ̫ࡣǸصɽѸǶβͬţһηǲôοԼʱʵҲܹǰԼûͻƺ徳㡣ڵԼȻͬն
ûʱţǰΧ֮УҲһ˿ɫļͳ̶ȣټǰԵĻʹŸûаѷֵͽħ޷С
ڰ֮ͷǴһͷͳȥһȭͷ֮ϣʱţٶҲȷǿھһս֮ŷ֣ԼٶȣûмڵԼʵǺ徳һ㣬㡣ֻٵ̫࣬Ҫﵽ㶥㣬Ͳ֪µˡ
ͷǼͻȻһˣж¶ײеĹâ׷ϡ
ŵУǵٶȱúҪ㿪ЩһҲѡ
Ų΢΢һͷǱ˸աͷȴһצץŵĸ첲ϡⲻûж㿪Źģڱֻ֪֮ԼǰӼͣȴ׼͵ʲôزһ£ܲܳסǵĹ
צץڸ첲ϣȴץھһ㣬Ƿġһ
첲΢Щʹͷ˿ֻץĵطֻһɫĺۼֱϾһ˿ڶûС
¶һ˿Ц⣬˵ڶͷǡ


54 Ⱥɱ
һͷ֮ûдڶͷ뼸ͷǲһ𡣷ǲͣ˻ţڼûгɹ֮һͷͻȻһĺС
ǽֵףǷںͬˡ
ſʼķȥ
Զ½ĴǵӦֻһĹ򣬱з߰ͷȻ߰ͷȵϵʱǵǰ棬Ǿۼϰͷǡ
¶һ˿Цݡ⣬Ҫġ
һһϣŵбһϸĽǽҫۣϵĹâʲһŻȼһ㡣
ɵĽ⽣ڵͽ
ʱзǳϡнŻӳϵͷǱ촦ʬϿ֮ȴûѪ˿ڴһƬڡ
壬õʱ䲻Ƕ̶һ˲һָҲô̵ʱ䣬ѷǷŽڵ͹֮УҲܵʲô˺Ϊʱ̫̣Ϳܻû̵Ƥȥ
ϸô̵ʱ䣬ѷǵ˿̵ڽһѪûŵĽжȣ
ж죿ֻһͷǷʬûǳԽ޵ٶȣô
ΧŵĲǷǣˡܱܿ㱻ŵһסܿû˸ǰһ
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ģһŨĽζеСʹţһֻСèŵ¶һɴӡ
ϰٷǵΧ£žȻܻͷЦջ㿴Сġ
ȴȫûע˵Щʲôֻһ˲˲Ŀſݺύĵ⣬ʲôʱҲô
ЦЦӦúܿ죬Сǽ徳ʵһᾪ˵ĺܡϹϵޣҲ֪ɳ֮󣬵׻ӵкֲֿ
ϰͷǣŵĽ£ֻһӵʱ䣬ĸɸɾ
СųԼǶȡʳħˡҲûţߵļͷħҲȡǬСçķǻûдﵽǣűΪ׼һЩħˣçҲܹ徳
һֱŻеȴûжһ£ʱѸĵͽħˡн׵ģö̫֮ҲùһƷҩһнħˡ
Ч΢ҩֱͺûԲ˶٣ڻķ£ȫɢȥнħȴǿһЩȴҲûʹڵﵽ徳㱾еڻʵ̫ϣһ˿ʣҲܽܡڲϷ֮£нħ˱ͼΪҲֻʣʮ֮һСĻ֮С
Ľûиҳµڶħˣ¾ǰʣµ18ŶԹˣҲһܹظԭڵ
ڵţҲ֪Լں徳㡣ǰʱʵ˵һҲսʱƾԼصʣܻҪǿһЩڵȴȫûӿȡ״̬֮ٲͬĵڳһЩħˡݣҲʹٻָŴʱ״ȴȻҪһģΪûĹһ㲻ˡ
ЩԼڵ״ʹڵӣȴǱҪġ˭ֻҪԼøǿܷһ㡣
Ҳܡһ֪ɱˣǳǱҪġ
һŵڵžתӿڡ
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ڱ˯֮ʱڱ˺ȵô֮ʱڱ§òŮӣ֮ʱŻ
ʱҲȫŵ׾ٵĴӣݴׯֻǾŵǿ󣬾ɳٶȡȴûУŸ˶٣Ҫһʲôܼҹҹ
ΧվŻ˫ۡʱܹĸܵڵࡣսȻػķ֮һһսԿԵ3ʱ
ͻȻһ
ôˣһæתͷȥɽ֮УΣա
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˰֮ãŽɢȥٿСǳһЩҲûôˡ
һһûˤͷ·ҲǰȽࡣ
磬С𣿡Щ˷ܵʵ
šŵ˵ͷӣǽ׽ˡ
ŻеҲ̽ͷ˿С˵ȷʵǿ׳˲٣С㣬ԶˣҪߵ·ܳء
ߡЩߵղΪʲôǣ
˼Щ𡣺οԸСôõõС֣һ͹𡣡
ЩεĿ£СǸػ޺òãҲûػޣܵʱȻԼˡ
ܿġ¶գգۣƤ˵
ΪʲôЩֵ¡
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ǺǡͻȻЦЦȻŵĻһӱĵͷſĶߵҪúý̵С죬úһòã
㶣漴㷴Ӧ־żͷץȥͬʱң
ȴʱСͷϣҲûǶС˵ǲʲôǵģͰǹ߻ˣ˵ǲǣ
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һΣСصĵ˵ͷͬʱԹĿһۡ
ǰ龰ͻȻ˵һ䣺ӦøСˣµߥ£ҪĻˡ
̾ϢһֵһѲļһ˺徳˵ã


55 
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ԼķһһɽһƬ԰ŵáǳԷĵطӺܴ󣬰ܼ࣬Էȴࡣĸĸֻͱ硣ﻹӦĵܵһҵġֻڰǰһ飬լԵÿտࡣ
緹˳ԵĶܳĬտĴУּΪѹֵա
ĬĬĳ극ĬĬվ˵ݺĵһ仰ҽҪȥһˡ
üϢںկϵΪУһЩܲȥǲȥĺá
ԣҲüΪʲôôã廹ǷŲ¡ԸʱļҡѵЩΪʲôҪΪһλãԹԸԼ׵أ
̾Ϣһȴûм֣̽ʵȥҪʲô
ҴӦһѣҪŪһҽݣѾˣұҪȥһˡ
ѣһ£ȴûٶʣǵҽݶŪˣ
Ūˡ˵ͷֻҪȥһͿԡ
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̾ϢһȻ˽ԼĶӡҲԼĶһӢۣһصӺУء
һӣֵý顣ֻһӣȴҲ˵ģͱڣֻһ̰ͼܵҹӣ;ȥ
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ÿһĸϣԼŮһ˾ӢۣÿһĸֶϣԼŮҪΣաֻǺุܶĸȴûⱾһìܵĴڡ
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ʱڴ˾ֻʮ졣
ЦԬ˶ӭ˳ȴûŵӰӡ
źʱڻɱһȺǡԴһǰɱ˵һȺ֮󣬱ϲִ򷨡ÿգǶҪϰ·̣ҵֻǺŲȵķǱٿʼһ浹ɱ
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Сػ֡ǲСѾһˡˣСԼҲ⡣˵ǲиС֡С֣ȴ˵ɶҲϻˡ˵ҽҵػޣȻҲҪиС֡ΪеģҾͽС
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ھͿ·ȡǰܹһȺǡ˵ܵĻҲǰһȥ
ƻ裬֡
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⣬ȻŵĽ
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ÿһצӳһͷǵ£ǵٶȣһҲŵĽ
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ں˲䣬СΧļһȼ
źŤͷȥȴСڻе̼㳤һͷСţС
ǣСˣźŸ壡


56 
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ǱŰСģһʧȻһŻ棬Ʈߣڡ
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ɫ˱䣬ܣһǸոСı仯нħޣ
ŵĺУ͵ŵ棬ԾȥС֮ٶȼ죬һԾԶ
ǣǰΣٶȻЩˡŵУǿԶһͷӴӰӣＲٶ
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ʱ˲ͣ˽Ų
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ߵУԼǰ˵жЩ˷ܣÿһ뿪еӣڻصеʱ򣬶һ˷ܡܹͨĵƻ𣬾ǵƻ𰵻ƣҲǻһů⡣
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ԺУ⡣й˺ױܿǱ˴һ߷ɵġ
ʵţһſ򣬷ɳףҪ
ŵĺͻȻʪ͸


57 Ƽ
ͻȻҺܴ󡣻˲ҹļžȴҹĺڡ
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Ҳ֪ҡ
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ӷˣ걭һأǱӦڴ̨ƿвŵһǾޱҲڵ¡ǾޱˣƿȻҲˡ
һƬǽ壬ֻһ
һˡ
˵ʱбһƺ䣬ָ˵ü䡣
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ưҲǳĬãŵҾã˲ɱţĿǣǻɣү˵ԭΪһҡ
˵ͷգΪŪҽݵȥżңʱˡѾϵΣգߵʱѼֶܵ˶ס֪կĶʱҡ
ֱǱҲûзһ㶯Զ϶ϮկһϵûС
ԴУܹ˵˼ûСһһֱĥ͸Ϯˣ׻˭
˼ãư˵ĲȷʵǣϮ϶˽¡ֻȴû뵽һ㣬ŽԴУ˭ֻᵱ渴𣬶һҴ˵ƼҵʵмǶ֣
ưͻȻһռȻկµ֣ܰү˵ģԴбֻһ
ͷһֱԸ뵽ͷϣԴУȴ־ûеڶ˸˶Ƽҡ
᲻Ƕүİ֣
һǣֻаŶүᵹңܿԴ򡣡


58 
ڴߣçշ顣
󣬱˵ҽݵѾףλþԴֵһϡһҽǲҪڽϵġȴ˵˶࣬Ը֪һҽݣҲĸһЩ
Ԭܸˣ׼һΪʢĲдڼ׼ԷʱͻȻ߸ˣűһ߿ÿжŵ
߸ʲôˣͻȻʵ
֪˶úڽ棬Ϳǵģ룬ӦԴˣȻҲҪô硣
ŵ˵ͷûнӻ
ç˵˲ƣһԾ𣬶ǰ߸ַ˰ʱӲһûˡ
˵çһ˿Щ۵߸˶Ķ֡һϣҲδرԿֻΪǼȲǰ壬Ҳˡ
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ȴеİԹŵǣ£Ĵǰĵ㻹𣿡
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ãʱ䣬һҪҡ
ţҪúˣҾͲˡ
á
ߣ˵仰ÿһ䶼һ֡
˴ζĶһۣУŵѰζ
ʱȴ˭Ҳûע⵽硣ȥӰе˿ԹŨ
Ƽ߳˿ķУоһ˿ѹ֣е뷨ҲоһԹһֱԼѹ֡
ѹçȴûУçԶҲʲôѹ֡߳ƼҵĴţĵҪʲô
ȻҪǵҽݡ˵
ʵһҲҪǱ̻˵鷳Ϊ籨𡣲Щû˵һҪġ


59 5ͭ
Դһ¡һҹ֮䣬Դ12ʧյĺܹ֣Ҳܿ졣
ֵյọ̈̄Ҷ̻µ̡
Щ̴𵽽ֻһӵʱ䡣
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ʲôĻܹ˶̵ʱڣһ䲻Сĵյĸɸɾ
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ԴеĲ¥顣ǽǡϣҲ顣
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ϰУȴûšԴҲûмʶš
ŴʱĴߣϸġһһժǾޱĴ̡
çȥŪҽݵˣʵҲûʲôŪģһ׼׵ʱԿšçеҪȥѡ
ԬͺʰӣѶʰãǱҪȥˡȥ㿪š
ԬԸڿʵ֣һٵȡ
Ԭ˵Ҳ鷳ѸôĶװǬоͿˡȲҪͳҲҪˡˣٻûʱ򣬼˱ҽݡ
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ȷʵ໨ֹе󡣳ĺٻ˶Ȥʹֻ17꣬绨䡣˲뻨Եݶ硣
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߽Уһο໨ûаû¹֪˿ûá
үүĺأֻ5ͭ塣ǿ໨߽˵ĵһ仰
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Ȼç
ţϾͻ˵ţç߳ӣԬȥˡ
໨çıӰͻȻһָжΥˮͻȻ֮ʹ۽ģĿ໨֪Ⱳӣ޷ˡ


60 
үү𣿡Ԭ˰֮󣬿໨Щеʵ
ԬЦЦүүΪȾ˷纮ϵʱ̫ãټѴ󣬲Żôء֮ԬӺɸǱѧ˺ܶ࣬һҽߣֻһֻ޾͹ˡлҪ֪ܶʶֻһַͬļȴҪͬλãͬʱơǲ˽һ㣬޷Ϊһҽߡ
ԬһֱùŬǱ飬Ѿܹģͨҽ١һЩ֢ʱҪȱ˶öࡣڣͲһѰڽ̡ʹһƽˣܹڣҲòƽοǱӵ޵Ԭࣿ
ǣ໨ŵĿԬ࣬Ԭ˵βˣҪܶǮܹκá
ҺãԬ඼û˵Ԭ˵ǣⲡǿκõġֻȲľ꣬㲻ôˡ
ŶûйϵֻҪүүķ纮κþͺˡ໨ڷ¡ҲûҪүүȣүүѾ̱꣬ӺСʱ򣬿໨Ϳʼźүү˵ֻҪүүţԼչѾһҸˡ
ԬǬȡܣȻָŴ˵ͷܱͷһݣԬָһ£ִܱһ
ָȲܱȲݡһΣԬָ36Σܱ㴵36ݣЩһغϣ󾹰˵˫ȫС
໨ĿһУҲûпƷ
ǰҲүүȥżҽݿʱﻹǮΪѼĹˡȻֻǮԶԶʵ໨ǰѼĶˣĹ
żҽݵĴƲԬ֢״ٰȻҩȻ󡭡ȻҩԹ⣬үүĲûкã໨Ǯȴûˡ
ûǮĿ໨үүȥ˼ұ㲻֢״ҩˡ
ԬƷǸСܣ໨Ȼ棬ȴҲЩĵʵκүүĲ
Ԭͷţ˵үүͿѣȡ
ûйϵģүүѾ̱ʮ꣬һүүչ˵ĺܺõġ
ԬЦЦҲǿκõģȴҪһЩʱ䡣
Ҳκã໨ðŷӦȴûи˵Щŵ˵ֻ5ͭ塣
Ԭ࿴ſ໨ĵһͭҲûУҲүүƵġ
໨ֵĿԬ࣬Ҳû˵飬Щ»ˡزʶΪʲôΪүүƣΪһĳ
ô
Ԭƿ˿໨˼ЦҲҲʲôˡ˶ҪǮҵҽҲ͹ŴˡΪҲһǮˡ
໨ԬӲ죬ӲǰΪʲôҪүү
Ԭ˵ҪǮΪҿŵĵһˣȴҪһ㡣
ǣҪһʲô໨æʵ
ҪһΪççղң˵˵ĲһҪκáԷֻ5ͭҲøκá
çǸոյǸ磿
ԬͷûүүȴҪһڵʱܹȬһڣסҲƣѹүĳԺȡ˶٣ԬЦŽһ䣺Ȼç᲻˵ġ
໨ֳָӰȴӿһ˿ů⣬ϳүүû뵽Ȼ˹ˣȲݣҲѡ
໨ûѡ
лл㣬򡣡໨ҲмԬ࣬үүòƵģΪүүΪç໨мԬࡣ
Ԭ໹ЦԸ⣬ͽịçôҵġ
i̡ոֹסˮ˳һ˲䣬໨ףո˵ʲôүүΪçȫġûçǰҲүүĲȻԼi̡һ˵ĸоֻǼ̵֣бһŨŨ⣬⣬Ψ˶
ˣȥԷԬſ໨߳䣬߽С¥
С¥лˣҲһ꣬ȴǿ໨ոռǸ
ţȥѿ໨үүҪƼ졣
ŴӦţǰȥ
໨㶵Ŀţ꣬С¥лŮˣһʮ꣬ɫЩ԰׵ŮӡһʮңģͬɰòŮһʮһ꣬ȴһЩɣŮŮϵĲɣһҲȿ໨١ֻһۣ໨֪ŮһҲܶѡ
໨ÿ˶Ĵкÿ϶ǴһֵЦݡÿȴҲһζĿ⿴ǸɰòŮӡ
֪ΪΣ໨Щ˿Щëа룺ǸŮãֻԼ
֪ʱǸŮȴͻȻڵһϹӣʲôȻҲһ㡣
㣬ô֪ڿ˵Ȼܾȣô֪ġ
ȵ˲ֻʱĿ໨ȴǸӾȡôһŮӾȻһϹӣһϹӵϣΪʲôôůЦݣ
໨ͻȻԼˡȻûǮֳó󣬿Ǳ𿴲ŮóʲôٿǸʮһŲɣŮûǮʲôҲһûǮҶûУЦЦݺ
໨ѼǲԼжûЦˣļУЦԼںСʱй
ʱȴЦŵҵȻ֪ˣåòåŮӣǵҪǻŹ֡
Ц㣬˵åģҪλåˣɶΪԭ򣬺һϵûС
æס죬һŵλåʵåǿЦô˵ģǧȥ
㻹˵
ǰļˣ໨ͻȻЦˣоһӵů⡣ů⣬ѾΥꡣ
Һãҽп໨Ҫסϼ죬աǿ໨С¥˵ĵһ仰
å͹ˡһҲûмåأǵһΡ˵ţſ໨үү߽
ǰǰæӵոܽ˵Ҫ˵ʱֻһôͺˡ
˵ˡ໨˵ˡͻȻ˵
æ໨ȴ໨Ȼͨ졣˭£¶졣ȻЩΪ飬໨ȴǸ˵ģ˵ĶģǸΪԼ졭뵽໨͸ˡ
ͷͻȻֶ֪Ҫźá
໨ͻȻоԼĴѾˡǰֿѣһ˲䣬ԼԶȥ
С¥߽һˣһĲˣ໨ֺ˼֣ҪγѪˣԼꡣ


61 
졣
ֻʱ䣬໨㻻һͻȻ顢˰ŨŨů⡣
죬çԿ໨չ˼ֱ΢չԣչչ˯໨ͻȻԼһӣһҸĺӡ
죬໨үүĲҲѾȬֻ˺ˣ̱20˫Ҳˣõľƴûһ㡣ʱ໨үү˷ܵ߶вͣ߶ţ¿ɺˣܹԼ·ˣٲۿ໨ˡ
˷ܵͬʱ໨үүҲ˸ммģȻԬ࣬ԬκȣȾҪҪ
ԬʱУֻԬ࣬С¥е˶С˸˵ӣҲˡ˭һ˺жһЩˡοˣΪǵŬܺһֳɾ͸Уֻˣܶе졣
ߵԬǰͻȻͨ£ѲǺҽлл㡣
ֻ˵֣˱סбٶĸмʱȴҲֻ˵֡
Ԭæ˷𣬵˼ңô˵ұһҽߣⱾӦġ
˿Ԭ࣬ͻȻΡΡĴӻͳһСΡΡĴ򿪣óһֵĶ
һڵһĶȴΪУһھͣı任״
һ޻һÿ˵ж¶֮ɫǴҲûмôֵĶ
ֻţڿ顮ʱͻȻһĹ⡣
֪໨ûǮҲֻ顮ȻҲ֪ļֵܲܵҽƷѣֻһˣҽܹ¡
ԬЩסеĶʲô˵һҲûСó˲һϲǷˣó顮ȫԾôȥΪԬ˵ѵġ
ڣˣԬ֪ǵ顮ɣһ᲻
һˣǷñ˵飬Ƕ٣ǴСǻϣоͻ᲻˯ᰲȡ
ɱˡ
Ԭ಻˲ҪȥӣֻûȫȴͻȻ˹һԬ䣬㲻źۼİֻ˻ȥ
źЦ˼ңһ£ǴӺδ𣿡
Ƭ̣Ƕʮǰһû̱ʱȹһ꣬⡮꽻ҵġ˵Ҳһ죬ȡ20ꡣ˶٣ֵ˵һֱûл20Ժⶫҵġ
˵ˣĿһۣԣ㲻õģȲ͵ģҲġ鷳
ЦЦҲ˼ֻ˵ǲ¡
ΪʲôֵĿšԷβûдҪǮڲԼеġȻֵǮ
Ϊ⡮̫ղ𡣡˵
󣿡˿˿ţֵͷ˿еĶ
󣬹ˡⶫ˵ֵǡ
ʲôʻĲˣȴç
ǴнزٵĲϡһнõĲ϶ֻһ֣һҵƷ棬ȴΨǱҪõģΪ¼ԵĽȱĲٺãҲΪͽ
ⶫǲǺϡ٣çʵ
ŵͷнħ޵ĽҪѰԵܵõĶϻٶǮг϶δ򵽡˵ֵǣıǵȻղ𡣡
˵ȴͻȻЦˣĿţ֪ôһá
ŵȷʵұԼϰ죬ܿڶʱڣΪһмϳʦ
˵ȻҲ֪˵мϳʦʲôһǺһְҵȻôãΪʲôҪļֵ˵Ϊʲôֱ£
ſˣ֣ص˵ΪҲϲǷ飬ȻҲ˵㲢֪ͬ᲻
ŵĻ˴ЦЦüΪģһϲǷ顣ҽȴ㲻ɡ
˶٣˼˵Ҳ˵ԵܵõĶǣҽκҵĲҲóܿҽ˻ϣʲôǣȲܳԣҲܺȡҲȥ
ŵ˵ͷ˵ȷʵˣÿ˶ʶǰڴϰ꣬Ҳδ˻
ƫƫ㣬Ҳصʱҽݿŵʱ򣬼ûһ죬Ҳûһ졣ǲѾ˵Ե˼˵
ٴεͷԵһ顣
ҽһҪ͸㡣
ֲϲǷ顣Źִ˵
˵ǸǮҲҪ㲻Ƿҵ飬ֻҪӦһͿˡ
ʲô飿ֻҪܰ쵽ģһ쵽
ͻȻգգۣоһ˿΢΢̣Ҫһˡ
ŶֵĿˡ
ͻȻһָçҪҪҵŮ
źֱӴ¼ߣ⼸˭֪çϲ໨໨Ҳֻç
үүһֱĿ໨ʹקק˵½ǣһŲ˲͸͸ƻ
ȴһĵһжçûȨ㡣
˵Ŀ˲תçǿ໨Ҳ͵͵ĿçдһּеĿһЩǡ
çҲˣһҲڿ໨ҽ벻ҡçȴ˵
໨ͻȻò԰ףˮ˲۽ݽҧסԼ촽ҧõγѪʧ䡢ˡһϮ໨ͷ
ԸŮҲȫ뿪Ҳȫ뿪ϴ󡣡˶٣ç˵
ݣźݺݵĴçһȭ㻰һ˵ѽ
ںݺçһţ㿴ѿ໨ŵġ
гһƻçåô򡣡
໨ЦˣˮȴЦúǲһϣֳ޷顣
ǲҪ۸ç𡣡ǿ໨˵һ仰
һ仰ʹе˶Ц໨үүЦᡣ
ԭڸ˵ʱ򣬺ʹʱ򣬱ֳĲûвͬ
ᡣֻζȴһһ
໨үүţûоܾ޷ܾǿ໨үү͸çļױϴçˡ
죬޷硣
ȴ䡣
ѽ
һСľݣӺСȴܿΪʲôûУûС
ȴů⣬ȴ
үүΪʲôǲסС¥ȴҪصçʵ
ûлشȴǿ໨˵ΪүүѾסһӣϰһС
çû˵ֻס˿໨
˿çЦ˵ȥͷһᣬȥҽ
үүһҪȥˣˣҵûȥҽݡ
˵˵ͷֻߣֻҪ㻹ͺá
ţҾͻ
ʵçǷ߲ɣҲԿҽݣҲԡçȥҪһ飬ʲôûУçҪӲóһҡȥɹ֮ǰܷ
ʱçȴȫȻûϵٴλʱҾһˡ


62 ˪Ķ
çĺ磬ҽݳʱ̫Ÿո
ȣçһƥŵĴ󳵡ҪĶʵ̫࣬Ρй
çܿ죬Ǯôȥȥſ໨үү
໨ڵ
ûһʱ뵽ĶѾãھͻֻһڹĵ꣬çЦЦ໨Ҳǲһ㣬Ȼˡһ໨çЦݾ͸Ũʱ򣬿໨ҽݱ˵үүĺأֻͭ塣ֻһ仰ç㰮Ͽ໨
çҲ˵еԭҲǿ໨˿ǿҲּǿǿ໨òû˻ᰮϿ໨ò
Ҳ֪çǴǣǴޡçȴһ֮ˣһåȻʱֵȷʵ
СоźüˣǶǸ̵ĵç߽һ˵֪¿ҽݣǸҽ
ҽˣҽôСҽݡһ˵
㻹šղ˵˽ӵǸҽκϿͷ̱20ȣ˵㲻ҽ
Ͽͷ˭һʵ
Ͽͷ̵Ůıҵھӡǧȷ̵ŮıͣϿͷǰҲʶŮɹ̫죬ۿӼ߳ڳѾûһ˼Ҳ֪ҽһҽˡ
𣿡һæ˵ˣҲȥҲҽܸκء
УҲϿͷ20̱زǶκñ˵Сˣҽ˵Ͳ㲡
ҵҲۡһ˵Ҳȥ
ЩçЦݸŨû뵽ֻһڵʱ䣬ԬʹȥˡΣżҽǿҪŴˡ
ϰ壬ڹç
ϡСϰæվȴǿ໨ھ̵Ůıˡ
80ͭ塣˰ѹçǰ
Ҹ100çЦ˵
ЩסôĻûˡ
çȴŹ˳ȥʱʵǸˡ
ȥ·ϣçһֱЦݡ໨ǰЦŰѶ³ЦŸ˳ǮЦƿСľݵţЦ˽ȥȻЦȴͻȻϡ
໨ڿޣȴ˶ϳ
Ѵʪʪǰ˵š˵Ȼǿ໨үүʱֱͦͦΨһһСϡ
໨ɫ԰ףȫڲ
çҲڲʹ޵Ŀ໨çĶˣߵ໨ߣסȴһ仰û˵
໨үүˣçڽݵĵһ۾ѿûʿ໨үүôġҲûаο໨Ҫѹ֪˵ʲôûã˵ʲôƽ˿໨еˡ
ֻſ໨Լļ߿໨ڡ
ڣ㲻
໨һֱޣһֱޡ
ֻӽֱľıɿçļͷ
磬ȥƻ裬ƻȥµͷ
໨ֹͣ˿۾ç˵˽ĵһ仰Ҹô죿
ҡçͲǻش
ǿ໨ȴͻȻıסç˵Ҫ뿪ңԶҪ뿪ңòã
áçСĵĲȥ໨۽ǵˮǶᣬⱲҶ뿪㡣
໨ͷȴ˭֪ʲôĸо
үүôģçڿʼѯʡ
Ҳ֪극Ҿͳȥˣʱүүˡ˶٣໨ֵǸô죿
ç˿ȴһЩǸô죿һ仰çˣһ䣬ç֪ǿ໨ȫⱲӣֻҪţ໨Ͳʧȥڿ໨ûç֮ǰүүǲˣ໨Ҳүүȥˡç㲻׽
˰ǰѿ
çүүʬ壬վȥһҽݡ
໨çһ仰˵ȴĺܽⱲӣѸˣֻҪţšˣҲˡ
ӽδ
çţŵš
çеˣŵĵʱһ
ţȥịҪ֪үүôġçһûнϴ󣬶ֱŵ֡
ſ˿Ŀ໨һ仰Ҳû˵ֱӾС¥ȥ
Ԭܿһ֮󣬵ж˪Ķ
жçһ㶣תͷſ໨ǳԵʲô
ӣǰİӣǰӾжҲԹġ
໨˵Щң˵ĺ
˪𣿡çʡ
ûУǼûУô˪
ⶾµġç䡣
˭үү¶Դһ˶ûС໨ˮʵ벻үүǱ˺ġ
ŵͻȻһâ˿໨ֿ˿çȴһ仰û˵ԼԼЩף黹ûб֤ʵ֮ǰ˵
ĬĬѹ֡
˭Ҳ˵ֻп໨ʱĳ

çס໨һִδй˵Ǹ˭Ҷүүġ
ȴ͸ŨŨɱ
໨ıסçŵҲҪΣա
Ŀçһۣçûе徳
çͷҵħһûˣ˺徳С֮ĬҪĥϣֱӱǡ
ŵ˵ͷʲôȥʲô
çû˵ת߳ҽݣ໨ç߳ȥҲæ˳ȥ
໨Ԭ༱æûֹçΪԬֹ֪ˣ˭ֹһ˸ľġǿ໨ȥԬбЩģ뻽໨
裬ȥɡǿ໨үүȻҲҪ𡣡

֣çϣһɫ
쾹ȻǸѵõĺ
ϵȺƽʱ࣬ȺҲӡ
ӵУçͻȻһ仰˵ҽݵĴҽû뵽ȴһƭӡ
仰çĶʱҲü
ƭӣΪʲôƭӣ˵Ǹҽκһͷ20̱𣿡Ǹո˵Ե˵ġ
κˣ˵ЦǸͷˣǱҽġκˣˣ˵ҽǲƭӣ
ç۾ͻȻתͷĿ໨죬˭֪үүˣ
໨ҡҡͷûУһûСһȥʱүүһϢҪʱүүġڼ䣬㣬ûһȥСݡ
ûһȥΪʲô֪үүˣç
໨ҡҡͷ벻еԭ


63 żҽ
ç˵ȥǰһѱץסһ˵죬˭㣬ҽݵĴƭӣ
ͻȻץסԼ죬һ漴ϱֳŭġ
Ļȴû˵죬çѰڿУ˭˵ģ
ͻȻçĺ⣬оЩæĿڵС˵ġ
ȥçץַſ
ûٸԹԵçҳСȥˡ໨ںš
ܿ˳СңСڰŪһ軨ܣçǰû˵һŰѻ߷Ȼŵ˵ҽݵĴƭӣ
С̧ͷվԼǰĲһݵƤͷ꣬ʱ˵ģôţ
çһһϣͻȻһѵ̧֣˲ϣ˸çСĲӱѪ
үҡҡҲ˵ģһϵûУǧǧǧɱѽŵԼϣСһӾ
˭˵ģȥ
Сçҵִçҵġ
ھһʱ֮ç֪⻰ˡҵ˵żҽݵ˵ġ
˭
żҽݵĻơ
һ˲䣬çͻȻ׹
໨үүľżҽݡԭܼ򵥣ǲ໨үүβֿ໨߽ҽݣȻġүҽ߳ʱȻҽҽܿ촫Դ
մ˷չȥżҽҲͱȻҪŴ󼪡
໨үүɢҥ˵ҽƭӣȷʵõһҲġ

żҽǰʱѾ졣
ʱеĵ̶ѹţҲ塣çȴżҽݵǰȻվһˣǸ˻Ϥӡ
ֻǡû¡
ҹܺڡ
çǰ˼ߵǰ
ţçסվżҽǰľȻš
͵ΪһЩġ˵
һʼ֪żҽµģçʵ
ŵͷżҽݣ벻˭күүɡ
㲻˵Ϊҵĳ𣿡çʡ
ǵ˵ͷһ仰û˵
çȴס糿˵ҪԼȥ飬çܹ֡˵Ųç£ǡǡ෴ǶçغΡ
Ĳç£ʱҲվ
ЩìܣçֻֻпԼΪүү𡣳ǿ໨ģçģȴŵġǰæç᲻
һˣ˱˶Ҫ˰æ˱㲻ˡ˽һˣ;ϰĹϵٺãĳ˶˵һֻϰСҲС
Ŵʱˣǵçżҽ̻ˣ˭Ҳ֪ҽڣһЩʲôˡ
ȴֲܿȥһìܡûϵçҲѾˡ
˭û˵çһ߿żҽݵţ漴˾˽ȥ
໨çŸڿ໨
ҽûˣ߽ǽϣһšûԥçֱ߽ǵţһǰСӣżҽݺҽݵĸּȫһȻΪƵĵطһһΡһ
һˡ
ű߿ʱ˾Ѿ𣬲һֱûжʱһ˿֮ɫ
˭ҹʲôѵô˵
ʲô֣˵仰ʱçеĵָ˵ü䡣
ҡҽǰĵЩ
ç۾𣬡ҽݵĴƭӣ仰˵ģ
ҡû˵
û˵çĵǰһͣüѪѪǼ⡢ִ򢣬ؿڡ
ͻȻ䶶ͣүǶϰ˵ģһϵûаŹҰɡ
ҲµİɡçͻȻ˵仰ʳģֱ˵
˵ʣȫͬĸںܶʱҲܵõȫͬĴ𰸡
仰çʳŲŲϣçһ˵ǷӦȻıΪçѾ֪æʹĵҲϰôģûйϵѽүɱҡ
ãܺáеһ飬漴һֱ֣ӱ㿳Ĳϡ
ͷµµ䣬ڵϾǷһ졣
çȴûٿһֱۣӱһȥ
߳ţһԺ䡣ҽĺԬҽݲֺֻԺľͷ߼¥שᡣԵӶǺڵģֻмӵŵơ
ҡҷơӡ˵ӰӣӰӺЩ֣ȲһӰҲӰ
çȴûЩǰһ飬ٲͿС
ˣһ
һһŮе꣬Ůĵ˭Ҳûע⵽߽çû
ڡžžУ˻ڶ϶ĶԻ
Ϲҿ첻ˡš
ˣҷͱ㲻ɡ
ššãͱҲҪ㳥šš
˵ȻǳģʱĻ棬ÿ˿˶̲סѪڣçȴûС
çȫûЩֱǰһű˴Ůȥ˦־͸Ůͣ˿ҲûȥŮ˻ڲͣζ׻򣬶ǺݺݵĵʵʵţȻھɱ㡣
ŮʱɵˣոͱҲĻҲ˵ڣţͷ缦ƣȴһ仰Ҳ˵Լ˵һ֣ǰеĵῳԼԴ
çûת˵żҽݵϰ壿
ȴǼΪ侲ϾȻһҲûкµӣͳվç棬ƽ˵żǵϰ壬żǡ
໨үүָʹ˶ģ
û˭żǷç
ŮӦ֪ԭ򡣡
ż۾ָϴһöɫĽָһֻͻȻŽָһżǵߣһֻƵϻ
ƽ𻢣
Ǭ죬ͨǣ塣żǴ
ŻżߵĻƽ𻢻һ⣬ƺżڡ
վſڴżΣ۾ͻȻ
ƽǸڷǵĴڣһֻͬȼķǣԲǻƽ𻢵Ķ֡
çոս徳żҲѺͻƽ𻢺塣
սç˵û
ƽȴȫŵУľʹĸӦżҲǺ徳һѣԼһָͷҲܽɱ
ȴûжֻǾվ۾գҲգĿԵˡ
໨վǰҲһĵĿçֻç


64 ಫ
çżǶû˵һ䣬çеĵżͷܿ죬ĦХ
żȴҲһһϼ䣬бһһƵĽ
ųУϷȥֱӱçĵţżǵĽָĻΪ̡
һçš
Ȼ󡭡
żеĽʹç塣ǰȥӺ͸
ç໨˻У˻Σŵ浹ȥ
ڿ໨һѷס໨çû
û໨ظŵĻ̧ͷçȥ
çȷʵûڿ໨̧ͷ˲䣬çеĵҲżǵš
սֻ£żĲ˼顣۾ɵúܴҲŵúܴ󡣿ѷⱲӶٷ
ոżڵĻƽֻżߣǻظѪ
ƽˣգ֮䡣żǵأ
˵ȻҲˡ˭һ̴ܻ࣬š
çҲżǵĽ̴ţçǲҲˣ
໨ˮ
çȴû֮УçȴûпһۡתǸǽǵŮˣ໨үүҲĹͰɣ
Ů˿Լ˱ɱ嶶ø˼·ȴһЩЩĵ㲻ɱҡ
çֵĿ
̻˵ˡ
֪
㲻֪Ů˵Щ˻ƣ̻˵Ļ᳤ҲҾŮ
ç˵
Ů˼ɱңǲŹġ
çͻȻͷһš
Ů˵ûɱŮˣĸ׵Ȼ֮ˡƾ̻˵Ȼײż¶飬ҲȻܹµһҽݡǲһçȴһҽݣš
çԥֻԼĵʱѾȥ뵽ҽݣ뵽С¥еˣçбһ˿⡣
çԼç˼ʲôʲôʲôõģʲô¡
çһͷתеĵݺݵĿȥ

ç᲻໨ʵ
ᡣشԬ࣬һһĴݣʱçȫݵİ֮С
ͬʱݰģçͷķǣһҲçᡣ
һƫһ֣ûдçࡣԬ˵
໨ڷһЩʱ뵽һ⣬ţǲ֪çӮ
Ҳ֪˶٣ֵ֪ܹ㿪һģȻƽ𻢣ٶȴȻƽʹܣçżǵսҲҪڰп⡣
ܹܿһ໨ͻȻסΪʲôܣ
˭˵ܣͻȻЦЦǲܣʱôܹţΪżǵĽƫ𣿡
˵çֻǱܿҪȴżǵĽԼ壿
ŵͷû
ΪʲôΪʲôҪô໨ɻʵ
ΪçҪֻܹɱżǡſ໨ֵڽçһ˲䣬żҲһ㶣û뵽ô׾ʤˡȻǷֻǶ̶̵һ˲ç˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
çô֪żǻᷢ㶵ģ໨Щס
ŵֻҪǸˣᷢ㶵ġǲ㣬ԼԷ֮󣬾ҲиçҲͬлᡣ
żǶçĵأçûл᣿
۾΢УçͲżǵĶ֣ôȻڲԼȥһᣬǻʧȥ³Ȼ˶٣ֵңӮˡ
еç໨ˮçಫΪ໨ڻ֮УӮĴҲǼΪء໨ʹģԺԼһҪúûţçΪԼġ
Ҳǿеç̾ϢһͻȻԬ˵裬ڵç𣿡
Ԭ룬ܲϵƣǿԵġΪʲôҪçʲôԬЩɻʵ
ȥݴׯ
ȥݴׯԬƵĿš
ŵ˵ͷֻçǶҪȥھߡ
ŵĻ໨׹һֱɻ󣬴żҽݳʱΪʲôҪǣżǼҵ
ԬûҪߵԭ򣬶ʵҲһȥ
Ҳߡ
šԬͻȻֳ֮ɫ
裬ҲӲƴģİɡסԬļ磬˵
ҪСġԬ֪ԼȰţûѵʱԬѸоŨŨĺ⡣Ϊ˻סԬһң˼սû뿪һ
ŵȻڴʱһܻԴһ㣬Ԭ൱ȻסȻҲԼĶӣһ֮ˡԬ಻ŵľΣա
컹ûһʻԴ
Ҫȴֻ˵һ仰뿪ˡ
˵çѾˣһӵˣҪչˡ

̻ܲһ䳬´ɼ˶⡣ǴʱտĴУȴֻʮһԲϡ
̻˻᳤һſϣɫǲÿ
׵һʱҲһŭָŶһ׳ǸʲôԵģ죬Ϊʲôڲ֪ĶҲçɱŮ˵ĵܵܡ
죬żҽݱ𣬾ű֣ⱾӦǾܵһ顣ȴȫʵ죬ûһ˵żҽݿΪ˵ҽƭӵҥԣǴżҽݴȥģϿͷǱżҽݶ飬ѾԴ򡣴֪鿪ʼûȥżҽݿ
ֻһ㣬żҽݳ£ҲӦڲ֪ҽݱ̻˵£̻˱ӦóĴ󡣱֮ǰ12ҵʧ飬ҲӦ÷ΪǰЩ̶˵ר˿ܺѲߣڳʮʱ˴Ҳûгֹ⡣
Ϊʲôǻôи
ĺӱǸЩģʱȴͷһ仰Ҳ˵
ȴЩȥ͵һӵˣ
ͻȻ죬㶵Ŀ˸׺һᣬŵףʲô˼ѵܹ΢ְһ㣬ô
̾Ϣһ˰ֵ²ܹȫƼҵġ
ͻȻĬãŻصϣƼңһŹġ˶٣ֵɱĳҲһŹף¾ͽȥɣһҪ㱨𡣡
ƨɱĳҽݣеڶˣ
㶣漴㷴Ӧ͵վȥҽݣ
ԼĶ߳ȥоһʧĬƬ̺ǿΣȥүҽݵűɱѪˣȥһҪСģүİȫ򲻿У𣿡
ǣ᳤ġͬʱվתȥ


65 һ
ҽǰҪ̧Ű߿ȴӺǿס
үҽеžɱˣ᳤һжҪСġǿѹ˵
ʲôһǺ徳㣬߲ľѵһŲɣ
ҪԸţЩƵ˵СүһԴûзеġ
˵һ£û˵ܹɱˣٵǺ徳㣬ȴһ㣬Ǻܼ򵥵һҲΪЩңһʱ侹ûεĻȻҲӦֻûаŷ
˵Ϊǿүģү˵ҪСһЩҲ̫ûȥֵðһ
ֹͣŵĶǿζһۣűȥȡһѱСİŸһڼ䣬һûз
ǿͷû˽ȥκҲ˽
СźȥŲᣬһһ
˿ʱ龰һΪ͵ģɱ˵ġ
Ҳ򿪣ǿ˽ȥĿһɨ㿴ûˡ
ȻҲСȴֻһһΡһѣûв֮
ûֱͣӴԺУܿߵС¥ǰ˻ͷһۣһĨӵĶ
˵ͷף˾ɱһ
Ŵ򿪣߽㿪ʼһһѰǵĶᣬ±˷ֶˡ
뼸䶼ûˣʱǿεжʵҲûİŵɶ֣ɱǼ飬̻ѵĺ֮ǰŶ꣬Ҳ̻˲˳ˣ֪Ȼɱŵʵ̫ܾ߳࣬ܿǺ徳ľ硣ˣȴȫﵽ˺徳߲㣬Ī˵һ𣬱ǵҲǶ֡
˵뷨ѱһ¥ȴûзһˡ
ѵǶסڶ¥˵
ܰɡ룬ҪҺǿȥѣүţȥ
˵ͷҪѳСӣǧɱˣһҪš
š˵˵ͷ¥ȥ¥ϵķҲ٣˶һۣǿѹȥߣȥұߣܹһЩ
Ӧһұȥˣʱǵжûһţֻſһѳôʱûһˣʹ˵жЩꡣ
ҲûпΣһǰһ߿û˱ȥһӡ
ܿģֶص¥ݿڣ˴˶һۣ漴ͬʱҡҡͷ
ˡǿε˵
Ҳ̾Ϣһ¥ݡ
ү¥ҲûˣɱС֮Ǿˡ
ʲôһϵˣʱ˶ˣʱףһӴ𣬰ԵһƷŭģܵߣҲøҳ
ݻ˵֮󻹲˿С¥еĲãʼȭŲãҵĶˣĵߣȥǰߵҽҲˣ
˱ֻصǰ棬ҽݵħˡݶƷڵϣ˸ϡáֱ˰ʱеĶһЩ
ʱû˳ʱСĽǵж϶һɱżǷ֮ˣڿ뿪Դ
˭Ҳû뵽һֱûȥǻûнҽݵʱųǿľѾǡҽݡС¥һУŶǿһֱҲûгڵһᣬһһĻᡣ
ڴȥǰǿθں档˾ôҡڵߡ
ո߳ҽݵţǿλҽڡ
һĻͻȻʺ
绹Ҫһ
һ㷴ӦûУûŪ״ʱɫĽѴʺ
ûѪŽĴ룬ͷͻȻȼֻգ֮䣬һͷ­㱻˸ɸɾһҶû¡
үǿһʱǷӦʱǰֻʣһͷʬ塣
æ⣬ĿȥյĴһ˵ӰӶûС
ˡһۣĿжһ˿֮ɫ
᳤ŹǵġͻȻ˵
ڣҲ뿪Դ򡣡ǿ룬˵
һۣױ˴˼ûȥʬ壬ǲԼͬԴȥ
ܿԴһܳϰ·̣˵ĽŲŷһЩȴûͣǼǰš
δϢŵ˵ɱүĻ˭
ǻ˵Ż˭


վҽݵǰ˫ȭֱ߬죬ǰǾͷʬ壬˫˲ͨ졣һţıϳʬԼĶ
κǿûлȥкΪûбүһȥԼһҹܳԴˡƽ׷ߣҲҪ׷
ڣңûоٷˡʱУȫ֡
վϰˣЩ˶̻˵ˡЩ̵ϰ壬Լˡ
ҷԴ򣬰ҰĸѣŶҲҪѳתϰ˵
ǣȺһҪǵѲж
ʱԶȴͻȻһţȵһȡ
ŻӽֽǴתһʮͣߴߵĺܿ죬ֻգ֮ߵǰ
ˣҪʲô
˾Ķ
Ҫţʵ
ϻɱҵŮɱҵĶӡ˵һ᲻Ź˵ƽʱô˵кܶҪȥ죬ǽ죬ʵ̲סˡ
ȴһҲûȫܹʱ飬ûżȻɱȻӵк徳߲ʵ򣬱͵ϮҲܳɹҪ㣬ôѵõ˶٣ֵţ㲻˭ܹס
Ļû̻˵ٴ㣬ǸץסЩУֻͻƺ徳㣬ʣµĸסŵһţҲ޷ֹߣײϣԼ徳ʮʵӲԼġŲɵӣôײԼϡ
̾Ϣһֳһ˿Σ뱲ˣҲûе
ͻȻսС˵ȴһ취ҵš
ʲô취ͻȻһ
¿һۣȥ˵


66 
鷿С鷿ܴ󣬴ʱȴֻˡ
ʲô취˵ɡЩƣĵ
źѣӦ֪ɣ
˵ͷǴżˣģô᲻֪
ϵĲ豭һڣЦǹƼңȻֺȥҡҪ飬ǶƼңֻҪٵ£ӺŮɱĳȻͱˣʱƼҲҵˡ
˼Σ˵ͷӵ飬Ҳ֪ġЩ˽ŵΪˣ֪ž᲻Ƽҵ£ΪΪļˣѣֻҪƼѣһ
ǲկΪʲôһҪȵ֮󣬲ܹƼңʵ
ΪկĴ󵱼£ͻƺ徳龳ʱҪȻ׾ٵ顣
ǲ龳Ҳѡ˵
Ǻǣǲѡһڲ裬կ˴󵱼ҵģֻжҴﵽ˺徳ʮ㣬ʣµȴһĶûУҲǶƼҳһҲûСҲǺ徳ʮľ磬Ҳﵽ߲㣬ȥǸӣƼһ6ͻ㡣ֻˣôǵĶ֣
ĿһֵۣǵϴӦһ֣ҸͲҪկ䣬̾Ϣһ
Ȼһ⣬ڣأ
Ǳ㲻ҪկİæǰӦƼһĲƲϸ֣ҿԷָķ֮һ
ķ֮һЦΪʲôկһ룬ķ֮һ
ΪǺ㲢ȫҡҪӹƼңҪɱŸŮǸȡ衣˶٣ֵһǰ˱ңҲ˾飬ϾǶƼҵˡ
һ£ȻǴμ飬Ҳ˵ģɲҪȥ
ЦЦֲɵӣ˵ȥҲϣ˵벻˵ʲô壿˶٣ֵ˵ҪٰҸϳƼҵʱһšֱ׿˵飬Ҳ֪ġ
ʵ֪ģҲӦ̾ߡ룬ҪڼƾʲôҪϳƼңҵ㣬ֻҪи׼û뵽㾹ȻԼ뿪ˡ֪ҾͲ˵ˡ
ûйϵҪңȻɡһ֮˵Щʲô˶šֺαҪһѵĪȻѾ֪뷨ҵȻҪ뿪ƼˡֻһֱʲƾʲôܵҾͲܡȻԾ鵽˵زȻҲԾ壡˵ɫЩ
ӵЩ£Ͳ˰ɡԸ㣬ΪҲãΪ˱ƳҲáô붼νҲںǲƲһ뻹ķ֮һֻ֡
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˵ͷ7ͻĺ֣ǿ԰סƼҵˣʱɱֻҪһʣµıöԸˡ
Ǻãôû䣬߳鷿

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Ƽҡ
Ƽլ
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󣬻ĬĬվšѩͷңȴûһȥû˶һ¡
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վһʱڿڣǽһ
һ϶˵ȥҡ
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šǧҪ
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ʱԴŻڣȻ֪ƼҽᷢʡӦƼҼսʱͷŵٸϵﻹü
üⱾһȦףˣΣ
ûз磬ѩȴͻȻ֮Ĵ裬ԺмͷϵѩɲǼ䱻ɢƮȥ
ţԺǽϱͻȻֳӰӰûκֱͣӱԺǽƮԺУƮǰ
ǾŸˣͷ
ˡ˵ĿĶԼĶܣȴûпԵһۡ
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˵ͷһ仰û˵ԵȴͲסſڵ壬ǶƼҵˣìܣҲԸԼĸ硣
ͻȻЦðֹסЦΪ㾹Ȼ˵ֻˣǱ㸸ױƵģ
ұ㣿ĿԼĶܣֱ죬Ҳ֪뿪Ƽҵԭֺ֮˵
㵱Ȼ㵱Ҫ飬ǡ
˵ȥԵȴͻȻ˵ЩʲôǽǸģҳġ
䣬Ѷһǹ߳߳һǹǹɢһĨ⣬ֱӱŴȥ
Ѿ֣Ҫ˵ڵĻҲ˻ȥһһϣбһǰһܣٵҲͷϿȥ
˾ȻֹԼĸףŭǰæȴһ˽ס
˫ͷ˵ĳ֣Ե˲սһ𣬳ʱûҡ
һâ˸ײȻɢȥѩɢɢ׷ɣǲ䵽档
ֻڽֵ˲䣬Ժеľɽ̳ͻĶգۼӷۣѩȥ𴦡
ţƼҵԺǽʼķݣС¥ҲսȺΪģһһĵһƬ棬漴ԶһĽ
Ȼֻʮ߸սǴƻȴǻԵġ
ʮ߸ˣÿһͻ˺徳㣬Ǵﵽ˺徳ʮĵزֻһ֮ңҪ龳
ʮ߸˵սʹԴ򶼲˲ǿɢȥһԴÿһ䡣
ڴϣͻȻо˿еϸֱһ£̧ͷƼҵķȥ
ȴƼլԺϿգиɫâӿɫġɫġɫġһʱ䣬һƬնյ硣ɢѩһ
ͷȻһûκԥѩƼұȥ


67 ս
Ÿϵʱʮ߸ֻʣ˻ս˶ڵϣ֪
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Դ֮һ̻˵Ļ᳤ػ޵Ȼһػޡ
һֻսǧ֮ϴμҩԼʮҩͼʮħˣͲܻнػ
ػޣȴһͷɢ߲ʹâ¹ǹӰɫʰ쵣İƬա
Ҳнػޣ־ͽɫ¹˵ɫ¹ܹɸ߽ףħ࣬Ϊޣ̤߲ƣݵأܡ
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ڣнϵػޣ
µػͼϣűڡħֵͽסнס߽ףڸԽ׶УȴҲŵ͵ȡеȡߵ֮֡ƽ𻢣ڵͽħеĸߵȣڣнħеϵȡ
ϵȣǱȸߵȵЩȴָеȵһȼ˵ȸߵԲҲ޼
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ͷϵڣҲͬһʱ䣬ֻһŰеսȥ׳Ĺ˲սóĹײһ
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˿ŬʹԼƽһЩͷڸţϸƬ̣һ΢æǬָȡһѵƿƿ޹ޣҲʲô۵ġģһԵĵ˿ϣȡһЩԲ״ĵ裬˿׵ݣιȥ
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ӭǰ壬ܿ˱һнȻӳһĻصϡ
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Ǭ죬ͨǣ塣ԵͻȻ
ŻһɫĹâǬƮת˲ڡ
žֱӺ塣սУźº壬һΣԵǺ徳ʮȫԸ
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ڿ˵𣿡ͻȻЦڸոյһ˲䣬Щҡոһֱ룬Լô
ڣҪɱԼ˵ѲƼҵˡеĶҡѲ٣ȻѾڵĵز˵ʲô档
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Цһһһϣбֶһѵֻһϣһǰѵͬʱ߲ʹâֱӭźĽ
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䣬תҡҡλε߳ƼլԺȻʱѲٽլԺլԺѱһƬ档
ۼһԶȴһûжֱӰʧѩУŵţô˵仰ͬʱȴѻ¡
ҡŲûлشĻֻ˵һ֣бڵѪȻ徹Ҳ¡
ʱ߳ƼҷҲͻȻһԵڵأŵðԵ

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һСӰͻȻڷ֮Уһ˫ӿٵɨһ飬ȻŵڵصһӰȥǰҡǸʧȥ֪Ӱ޵磬磬ôˣѣѽ
Ӱȴı磬ڣӦöǸΪ֮Ӧó̫ʵ̲סּ尾͵͵˳˭֪ŵͿǰ龰
˺ܾãҲûĿɨȴּһߣһֱֻ۾ȻѾһطֿš
ҧҧվֱȥһӵʱ䣬һͳ̧ϣʻƬ档

ʱһİСУһСѾߴ
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ңСѾͷϻ˻ӣ˵
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СѾȴǲ֪룬ȻţȴҲСѾߵʱϲѽȥ߷ȥû䣬СѾ߱һ˳ȥ
ȥ˷̫ܵˣܺúõ˯һˣ쿴ˡ
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СѾߺ󻹲һյʱ䣬˽ſȥĸ󻹸ı硣
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Ԭ˵ͷؽҽݣŪ֮ǾͰȥһ̻Ѿ壬Դû˻鷳ˡ
ȴǾͻȥƼңҲؽ˰ɡ
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69 صҽ
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˿ŵ¶һ˿ЦݣҽѾãƼլԺҲ޽ϣҪȥˡ
ߵķǰţٲ˽ȥ
г硣Ҳ֪˵Щʲô
ڣһֱߣ˿һΣһҲû뿪
Žæվ𣬾µʱ䣬ҲǴתս֮ʱҪһЩ7ϡ
Ϊ̫ǿȻŵֻ൱ں徳ʵȴ൱ں徳˲㡣һ㣬ΪŻԭܹͻƺ徳ôͬȴεĺ龳Ķ֣Ȼǰ˫ѧ¡
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龳ƴģѲػ޵ڸ棬Ӱ˵ʵһ̤龳̤һš
徳ߣ10ľ磬ں龳Ҳʲô㲻ϡҲ˵ֻн˺龳ĵҡ
߽ݺϸĿ˿磬ڵӣӦûʲô˰ɡ
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Ļû˵ѾףɫҲһźԬڸ˵ȫҲ޻֮
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ͻȻоǬеСӷ˹â֪һǺԼæȡСӴ򿪡
ûϸӰ񣬱ɵţģɵܴ󣬾ʹһҲû׼һеСӶûȵڵϡ
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70 
СװǬУſɼңȴͺɶûУվ̵ǰš
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ڿһҽݣߣʹȥ
˵ţűźɺͱصҽݡ
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̺һ仰Ҳû˵ֱӳһͶȴһͽ
Ȼ˵Ѿܹɹͽˣڴ֮󣬺ɻǴĳһðҲû˵
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ȵĿеɫ棬ðκ󺫷ɲһЩ棬ţ㾹Ȼӵ档
ţԴ֮ҷúףͲҪǰϼˡзֵĽ
Ȼһ棬ǳΪн׶ʦ߱ġľȼյĻ棬޷ȣͽǿԣнȴҪлԵػ޲УٻߣѼؼſ԰쵽ߣȴǿ֮
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ԵػޣӵűԵ磬һͷԵػޣ;߱ڵǻĻǻԵޡ
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ǵһ־Ȼûȥ־ȵķѾӵ˻ⱾԽܵģŵػ޿ϹޣϹ޵棬ϻûܹˣɳʵȻ뵽ŵĻΪƾųǿ˻֮Ӳӵеġ
֮ӵĻ棬ȴ¼Ļ棬Ȼӵ˻ԵػޣҲʱ֮ڱһ
ڶ־ȸոȶڣžָɴ˵־ȡнĲϣľĲȻҲҵ˵ȴҪ׵öࡣ
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顢ˡլм֮ȴ޼ۡ
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˶٣ɴ⣬֮⣬ĲҶУͿŶн˵ţɴǬͳһѶ
һͻһ߽ܣнħʨĽнҪнħ޵Ľſԡ
ڽнϣͨԶнֵƷʵĳܲס龳ǿߵע롣
нħϵ˿м1000һԸõԣȻڸƷȴǼΪҪ
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۾˷ЩжУҶҲˡ
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˵ԼҪ˵ĺòáһ޹ı顣
ͷھͿʼɣסֻҪǮͿˣǮҲ൱ڰСһܷŶˣⶫĺܡ
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ǰĲϣȴû죬Щ϶ǼΪ֮ǻ񣬿Ҳ򡣶ұǮҲ򵽡
ǬȡǱ飬нĶܣϸĿ
ѾܹеݣȴüΪ桢ϸ´κһϸڡ
ϸɰܣָѶȵĶ죬ֻҪһССʧ³ǰھεʧܺŵȻһҲҴ⡣
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һһֱĽŵ츳Щʡڣףܹôɹг츳бĶ
¯ǰŵֻǰĲϣҲֻЩָ¯һָһĻ룬ţ¯бȼĻ档
ʶĶһ»Ƶǿӣʢװϵ¯ϡ
˫΢΢ŵʶȫУ¶ȣٴεĴСʹ¶ȵﵽһƽ⡣
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ⱾǼյһ飬ƾ˵һĶ죬ҲҪʮܹȫƿأƾڵһζнһ㡣
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ЩһҲ֪˻УҲ֪ľʶĸӦͶ֮С
˿ֽŷʨĽȻ󣬾ʶ̽ڽˮ֮У̶Ž˿λáųǿľһнûаٷ֮ٵĳɹ
ֻҪܹɹһнмʦһ㣬ͶͽĶʦȻͬ
ˣػӵн׶ʦƺŵģȴԳʮˡɼнжôԶ졣
λù̶֮Ž˻ƣʹڽˮһ̣Ҳͬ򵥡ȲܰѻһӳҲûǿһӸı䣬Ҫģһƽ⡣
һһʧʧܣ֮ǰŬҲע׷ѡ
ȴḶ́Ҳǳ죬Һ弴ɹһ˲䣬ŷһǮ
ڼ̻û̵ʱ룬ʱ䣬ȴֻж̶̵һ˲Ķ֮󣬻ܹ㹻֮١
ãű֮ٵһ
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ο죬ԶԶûн
¯еˮ֮æõĴӿʼôôнУУ¯еĻȼգֻ˺ܶ࣬ΪҪһֱźϳɺĲϲ̫Ӳֲʹ֮ٴڻˮ
ҲҪһõƿأһҲСŲֻҪ죬Ҫֿһ˿ȥܻơ
ȥŵĲô£һڳ͡
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˿ӣǽ㾲ڰաָᵯһ뻹ϸĻڽ֮ϡ
漴ǿһ뽣ķֲڽĴߡ
ĶŽ֮ϵȴĹâζӽ֮ʱͻȻסƬ̺֮ͣһѺۡ
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ŵɫȴһ仯ûСվԭس˼ãⲻǽλòȷôûպãͽӴܶȲȵԭɵġ
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˭Ѫ׷ѣϧ̾
ЩȴûУڱϿ
ҲӦʧɡš
㻹в𣿡ںż͵ʱͻȻͷʵ


72 
Сɼᶨ˵ûʧһҲûжҡ
ŶӦһתȥ
ţһ㶣ţ㲻𣿡
Żͷ˺һֻۣȴһֿ׳һı飬ҶûЪˣټ˵ĺòá
һ㶣ԼȻһ㣬Ÿʵ̫ˣһʱԽ̫ˡ
ڵƣѾﵽļޡĶ죬һಫҪۡˣ˽ƣ롣
صҽݣŴһ٣ȻԼ˯һηʱľƣֻ˯ָ߲ܻ޷ŵƣ롣
һ˯ҹǴһ٣ȻֱӺͺٴλص̡
ɰѲ϶׼ã¯ǰֿʼ˵ڶεĶ졭
Ǿ졣󡭡
һƣ˳ɫĸںߣںϣһ־
Σûзֲȣ˽ûȫƽ⣬ԽŻһ
ǣѾɣǵͿҲ̲סЩĺѾһнΪʲôҪˣ
۾΢УȻǿԸоõǵʹõʱ򣬻谭ǰӶӰʹߵʵ
ɵӰʵķӣ
룬֮һ
֮һͻȻͣס˽Ųڵأòŵֻ֮һͻǱ
ŵͷȻҪãһ˿ȱҲСս֮ʱ֮һʵʱҲܻıһ˵ˡ
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Ҫáһ㣬мܹмܹںľѪ֮İǼѾĶȥ
㻹в𣿡ʳ˺͵һʧܺͬһ仰
УͬĻشУ͸ޱȵļᶨţ´ɵģؽһ齣
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ſźɣУһ˿ѯʡ
˯ʱҪģǲװĽóģ˵ζľȴһ˿ԥûУͰ˹
סһԽнӵͬʹãܹӳɼαĳַ˵ͬԵʹͬԵĽԶԶн߽߱ҲȥԶ
֪ڵĵһĴݷʽֻҪһ󷨣ѶݵԷǬСҲᡣֻû뵽ȻôҪĶ͸
ŵ˼ܴ˵ڴһ񻰵۷塣ˣ͸㣬˵ȵһ죬ΪĶϳʦͶʦʱλø㣬ڣΪػ½ҫ۵Ĵڡ
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ûػ½˵ڵػػ½еһ鵯֮ء
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һ¥Ķ㣬һʮҵˣɫصĿڿеĽ˭һ齣ѵԴУ˺֮⣬бĶʦɣߣѾΪмʦ
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ǰֻȴǱͻȻӰʧһ£ŲȴûͣŽֵĵطȥܿ죬˺ɵ̣׼ȷ˵ӦǰڵĵطΪû̡ڽ֮ʱ̱㻯ΪһƬɻҡ
ʱѾˣǱˣѾۼ
ôûˣ˭ˣȺ˴󺰡
Ҫʲôʵ
Ҫҿ԰ȫҲҲ͸ĺš
˰ɣŻ˼ó˵ҪǿϸŮҶ֪ԴԸеŮ˰ɣҵŮҲ12꣬Ҳ϶ԴŮӡ
Ⱥһ˽ӵҪϸİŮ͸˼ң
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飬ŵȻ֪ڿ˽ӽ֮ʱűѽǬУͺɴҴ뿪صҽݡ
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˵ȻҲʹãڱУֻһн齣ֻУŻԣŻøӷ񡣡
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һģѵʱųڴ֮ڣһԺУŰȥ󡢺ϳɸҽҡ
ڿϵʱбͻȻ֪е;磬֪ϳɸ棬ŴϳҩħˣУŸֶõĲϡǰûǴʱһУ֪һ
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ŶԭˡŰѻƽǬֺͺһЩڵ飬صԼķ䡣ЩӵĶ죬ʹŵ;Ǽƣ룬ҪúϢһС
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ǡһûд·ѽżˡ
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㶵Ŀ˳ȥؿڵòȫ㣬滹жġ
ҽݣçһ30ͷվһԶӣźǶһͻῳ˵Դ
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75 
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ĬȴǽӿڵåǱˣý߲㵽õѽ
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ſ˿ֿ˿裬ε裬鷳ѾˣǸʲôô˵ġ
Ԭ̾˿֪ΪҲôֻҲΣˣЩһ̾͹ȥˡ
ǡ̲סڵị鷳ǵ鷳Ǿiģǣڻ˵أҲڴˡ˶٣ֵ˭ֻҪ۸ǣ
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çͷ㲻ܹңոƻҲܣοҴ˴ôۣûйҲпͰɣܲһѵɡ
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Ĳǵһ˵֮˵һ˽ӵ̻ȻˣƼһѽүƼҼֻҪһָͷܰѺ徳Ĳɡ
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һɽݶһߵ
仰Χ˶ǵ˵ͷ
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˵֮Եһ˵˵ͷǿ⼸¶УֶҲǺޱȣһΣһŹҽݵġ
һɱҽеˣЩЩ
һһܽ
۵Ȼ֮ʱһͻȻָŽֵһͷǿˡ
תͷ㿴Զмʮڵҽݱ
ȺһɢȥԶҽָָ㣬գۼ徲


76 ɱ
ҽˣᾹȻ˼ʮԸǣ⻹ǿҽݰԶȺ׷š
ոչǿƵʱҪһʱһηɱӺҽƫƫʹùͷ
һ΢˽˵ͼµģЩѼȫˣǸͷʶִõҪҽݿˡ
˵ĲȷʵûȷʵҪҽݿˡ
ֻû뵽һĲҽݣȴǡǡԼֻϧ֪ЩʱȴѾˡ
һͷڵҽǰ
ſţҲûֻ̫࣬Ҫչһ磬ý˲£ҲûаһССҽݿС
ֱȥһֻſţһֻŻ⣬ȴͻȻͣס˽Ų
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Ůӵм䣬ûн֮ǰͿû뵽ֻԼǰһŮ͵ǰҡ
ǲţҲֳһֿ־壬ҽԭô򵥣֮ǰһҲûҽеˣȻɱˣһʮĺӶɱˡ
ŮȻɱˣ˺ܾãţԬʹеĻԽԽˣڿǵһȥġ
Ҫɱ˵ģĵšçͬçɱ֮ǰͱ˵仰֪ɱԭ
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ţһġŵӽֽǴѾתֽǣʧçС

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ᡣ˵ûǸӣȻڻոշչǰѾƣΪִõ˭ȻԷ
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ϵļ˶ûаҽݵ£ǵУҲȫȻûɳȥˣȻᱻɱһɶ


77 ħ
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ߣʹҡҡͷǲŵʵ
ţ㲻ȥҽݵ鷳˵
ͻȻһ֣صлл䣬˱Զȥܿߵ˽ֵͷȴͻȻתѾﵽ˺徳㣬ҪСġ
ӣЦ죬Դûˡ
ŵĹâ˵˵ͷֱȥˡ
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һе룬һһϣǶһͨϸһӣҪעǽǰصš
˿ŵĺȣ죬Դ֮Żǵһʹû뵽Ƿ˵ز5һͽҲ޷һеĽпžһֽһ
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ѾнŻȭֱ̳Ӵʺܿ죬һ˿Ц⣬ģԼһؽ̴Էʺ
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΢һ£ſһϣЩԼ


78 ϲ
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ϲ룡ᶨ˵ԴӼĵһҾϲգҲֻΪ˸׳ϲҪȢġ
һϣſóġתͷ룬ȴֻܼͷ˿ͷĺܵͣ͵ؿڣһҲҲ˿֪ʱı顣
ΪʲôҪ˵ʵҪȢ룬ȻӦú˵벻˼ڣﻹкɺͱıͱҲȻȨĻ¡ŲУ۴ĸ˵Ŷûо˵Ȩ
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ΪʲôҪʵ
˿ûлشȴǰƿǴĽ
ûĿţֻȭͷȴ߬ø
㣬ǲǲϲŽˮˣŵвһʹ
ͷͷһ·ϣܺڣԼûֱӾܾסʲôŸˣҸǲС¥ûյĻЦﻹҸ
ĵƤçĻãԬĳ谮ᣬЩֻҪһͲҸ
һȥǰԸ𣿡ʡ
šصĵͷ
ţΪʲôƽһ֮ʵ
ΪҲڣŲǾޱ㡣Ҳڣ᲻СıǾޱĴ̴ˡ
һ˵һ֣ǣ˻Ρ
תſĿз·һŻȼա
磬ԲҽߡŵһЩΣȴᶨ
㲻ô˵Ĳȴ硣һֱڻεĺ棬һֱ
ţ֪֪ʲôĺһ˿룬ϾͻΪԴһЦõƼҹӣһصĴӢۣôܹܵ飿Ժμˣ
˿磬ŵ֪ҵĴǣ벢ϲ磬ұðȥ
ţͻȻȵҲûб룬׮׿ڴӦġС¥֮ʱκ˵һ֣κ顣ڣ˵ҪߣУɻ磿ְҵʲô
һֱ㵱ŵĴ磬ǣҲʹࡣ
ҵɴ磿Цҵɴ磬Ͳȳ顣
һһϣͻȻһѩ׵Ļ̌𣬽ֱָţҪҲԣֻҪʤеĽ
磬ֺαأų̾Ϣһ֮ǰ֪Ľûĸ˻ɱԼŵӡοӣѾ˻ϣϾҪԼļš
ҪҴ磬ڿʼûֵܡ䡣
ϲϣУԶҵĴ硣ֵȴһҪ롣
һһϣŵҲһһͨĽ
֮ͨɫע룬ǽȴıּһ˿˿⣬Եù֮
ǲ缸ͬʱ˵м䣬š
õֵܣһΪ˶ԷϧԼôԵ򣿡˵յĴȫң޹ءҪɱˣܳеɱҰɡңҲң㲻ɱɱ˭
ÿŭȻ˵ȴûжǰ棬ĿһĨǳ
ͻȻһʹģٿ˫۾ֻ֮Ҫȴû
˴СҲûϸעעһ㣬һͻᷢеǳҲΪ̫Ϥ磬˼ΪԼõһС
СʱסƼҡǲסĸģĸĸ
СûȱһԵġġƼңȻҲȱЩ
һֱҲûܹίںСʱҵүҲҪ۸ȴıɡ磬ûҪס
ӦúҸ
ǣȴһֱһĨǳŨ򵭣ȴҲû뿪
ǳ֪Ҳֻ֪֪ҲûעЩ
Ϊ֪Ĩǳ

ϲǰ
ϲǰ
ϲŨŨһǧһ򱶡
ܹ˽Ⱞжǿ
ⰮԸԼһС
ҪȢ룬ԸһֻΪϲ룬ȢҸ
Ҫ룬һվֹֻΪˣʹˡ
ҲûпǹԼǿǣҲҪĿ֮ϡ
ֻ˵£ǣˣУһĨǳ
ĨǳѰꡣ
һֱߣûжŵȻҲᶯ
ÿ˵Ķҡ˭Ҳûע⵽һӰ
ֻһֱ۾ҲȻĿӰ
磡һ͵ȥ


80 Ҫ
翴ǵӰ֮ʱ֮⡣ǵ˵֮ʱӰѵǰ
һѵ˵ǰѴ塣
磿Լе˲ӰȻһ
ʱתûܻס硣һ̫ͻȻ
ãһѷס壬ͻȻʹʹѡ
һ˲䣬ͻȻ֣û硣
һ˳۽£ӣӳһᡣ
Ϊ磬Ϊ
һ˲䣬֪˲룬硣
ϲϲŨ
벻ʹʹֻһ˴ʱĻС
ĨŨŨǳиʹ
ǲ³һֳˣһ
ΪʲôֱڣҲ֪˭ģʹõѪЩ꣬óܶʹࣿ
Ļţһελ䣬ӡ
һֱڿ˫ۡɫ԰ףǣȴһ˿Цݸ֣ʮЦżЦһ£Ҳû
ΪûĨǳǻһĨҸ
һѵ̴壬ȻоҸ
磬ΪᡣѸܵİȻҸˣҲźζŵõİֻһ֡һ룬ֻǰһɲǣҲ㹻
ܹõһݿ϶İҸ
֪ԭҰˣһֱ㡣ֻΪҵߣʹҺݰ𣿡ỹһֱӣ
ᣬֻΪ
ûйֹ磬Զֱ硣Ц˵ҺҸܹõİֻǣ޷űˡ磬ҪһܺõŮӣԺҪһ˹¶𣿡ʱ羹ȻԺ
ⰮжⰮжΰ
ҪҵӣֻҪҵӡ㲻ҲһҪţΪңҲҪš
ˮҲţͱͷϣΪʮӡǡ
ǣ˺ء
ͻȻŭ̧ͷǰõˡ
壿ȵĺȻû뵽õˣȻԼĶ
ɱģһս֮˵Ҫɱңգұɱ㡣
˸ոãƼң븴ɱƼҺûҵǿ⿴ؽĴ磬ûнȥҲһЩΣڵģȫΪɵġУ֮ǰĶԹԹЩ
ȴҪɱΪɱ
ǸгرˣҲֵ˵زҪƼңһУ㳶ƽ
Ҫɱ»ûꡣ
ƼҳͿ˱ᵶ
ֻû뵽ĵе˻硣
СƼҳͬ簮硣ûŮһֱ統ԼŮһԴڴ֮Żᾪ
ѾҳһţһֱĿԻ
壿ͻȻһȻѹûٴǬָóһö̵Ĺӣ磬£ĺ
ԣö̵Ĺӣһ㶣ҩͼżֹӡ
Ʒҩȴҩͬػ޵ʵȴơֻҪǱ֮ˣ
ƷҩҪѵãϡ٣
ֵǮƷǴ˿̣ȴԥóԼİκ١
һҲԿȫһײ֮ˡ
кܶ£ǣ˭˵壿
ûһûдࡣҪ̵硣
Ȼûд࣬ҲԲᣬ˭˸͸ˡûöҲѾʧ
ڣĳ˲磬ڣла
ܻǺõġ
ЦҲЦ˪¶һЦݡ
壬㻹ɱңЦ֮ʵ
ܾã̾Ϣһɱҵġ
գΪףһʱʧȥǡ˵ǵʱôصˣӽ
ǵ㸸ҪҸϳƼңҲӵ˵һֱ޵ɣһֱҲ벻ɡ
ҪϳƼңסðŵ飿
ߡһµʲôصġҪҸϳƼңΪʲôҪ룿
ҪϳƼңĿ壬Ϊʲôô룿
Ȼ˸ҵġ˵
˼Ƭ̣̻˵˵ģ
ôֵ֪ס
ҵȻ֪Һ͸˵飬ֻû뵽Ȼȥƭ㡣˶٣̾Ϣһ壬ɵ
ѵ벻ҪҳƼңĻԼЩ׹ƼԴȻദĻǢһɽݶǧزĵһƼҲڽ£ûǸʵֻ̡ҲĻ뿪Ƽң룬ǼҶģһߣȻ㿪ɡ֤˵ġǼվɾУҾٻȥ
һߣûоٰ졣
Ȼǡ˵տ룬峤λöʱӹܣҾ˾˼ҵı粡أĸȥһҪóʱ䣬Ȼû˴峤ǲ뿪еģԸײ뵽м룬ݴ峤Ƽҡ
磡ͻȻУҶԲѽû뵽ݾȻġԭԼƼңԼˣȻ޷СɺԼȻĻԼĴ硣
ƹƹҡһ죬һԼʮ⣬ȱߺҲˣҲ˰
Ͻץס֣壬ɡ׽һ仰Ͷ˵һƼҵ˥Ϳˡ˵ˣЩ״ûйֹ㣬˵֣Ϊί˵ֵ֮һһЩᣬֻҲ֪ģ磬ûá
ˮƼңԴԼĴ磬ɴ羹ȻûйֹȻԼƼҺü֮󣬻Ҫ峤λý
ԽԽڣԽԽԼԲ硣ȴͻȻһ飬ɴ󾪵á


81 ħ
ͻȻկƼңһǰկĶ׿ڴӦº˴ڻµʱ䡣ݶԪ˵ʱ򣬴󵱼½Ϳͻƺ壬龳ɱ練Ƶ顣
ɫ̲סʵ壬ôˣѵ㲻Ƽ𣿡
̾ϢһڻܻȥҪȥһկ
ȥկʲôȻ֪ǰЩկϵУѾ֪һᣬʵ벻廹Ҫȥկʲô
ȥկȡ֮Լ룬ѵԼ˵˳Ҳ½龳˵˳ڵȻƻƼңҪģǾԼȫػƼңԼƼɵ˺
Ļҡҡͷ壬ȥˡկӦ㣬ΪƼҵĲơ½Ŀ龳ȻŹƼңȥҲ޲ң֪ѾػƼңܿŻ
һ£漴׹˵ĲǧټԼΪƼҵĲơԼկްԨԴǴӦԼȻҲΪƼҵĲơԼȡյԼ㹻ʵƼңȻҲӦկһɽկǱǿԷġ
ƼǮһֱûжƼңΪǵ㡣ǰĻҶ٣կĹϵã˻ңկȴһ˶ûȥΪҵլԺçһѻˣʲôû¡
ɴ˿ɼկֻǮˡ
Ƽע㲻ⳡˡһȭߵϣʹңƼҲⳡѡ
壬ˡûд£½޳ɺ龳ҲǲŹǵġз磬ƼңȻǵһ󡣡
ʱվһһֱĬͻȻµʱ䣬δؾûлᡣ
۾һĿһۣû£ܻᷢܶ飬ҾͽɽҲµʱ䣬Ҳ龳Ҳ˵
δ䣬Դȥ߳Զ֮תͷû龳ڣҶֻҪһţƼҾڡ
Ŷ彥ʧıӰáֱǱӰȫʧתͷ˲任һĮı飬ŵ˵ӽ֮һϣ㣬ңӴԺɣƼҵҲҪܡ
û˵ֻĿĬƬ̺ȴֵߡ
죬˵Щʲôȴվûзಽȥˡ
ֱ߳Զŵ磬ĲֵΪ𣿡
̾ϢһʱȷʵǺѾˡ룬ȴӵ㣬Ϊŵĳ֣Ҳ֪Լ˭˶٣žģţȻ֪޸ҲҸһߡ
ȻΪʲôҪϾϵأЩɻĵ
½Ľ龳˭ֵܵסֺαҪ˵
Ĭһŵ磬ܽΣҶߡˣĹ
ĸ㷢ᣬڿʼӣΨһӡ

صС¥˿Ǹ֡
Ԭͺ׼һʢľףĻع飬ϯУ뿴ţ˵һ𾪵Ļ
˵֪һˣûκһܹȡλáҲʲôֻϣԺ㲻Ҫ㡣
ϴҪʲôçʵ
ֻͺá
롣Ժ󣬾ֻ롣

ŻصԼķ䣬Ҳ˽źϳģӦýˡֻǱһ£ֱϣֱڣ˲ٴνĻᡣ
УǬóһ飬ͺŵĶ鼮һСɫҲһǹںϳɷ鼮
Žӹе飬һ£ȻصĶǺϳ֪ʶ
ϳʦΪ5ȼϰϳʦϳʦмϳʦ߼ϳʦϳʦ
ϰϳʦֻҪԼĵʦӿʼϰϳ֮ʱǼϰϳʦ
ϳʦܹɹϳɵͽħƷ鵤Ϊϳʦ
мϳʦܹɹϳнħƷ鵤Ϊмϳʦ
߼ϳʦܹɹϳɸ߽ħƷ鵤Ϊ߼ϳʦ
ϳʦܹɹϳħ񵤣ɵΪϳʦ
ͽħ50ŵͽħ˿ԺϳɡЧͬнħˡƷ鵤30ƷҩԺϳɣЧͬƷҩ
нħ50нħ˿ԺϳɣЧͬڸ߽ħˡƷ鵤30ƷҩԺϳɣЧͬƷҩ
߽ħ30Ÿ߽ħ˿ԺϳɣЧͬħ顣Ʒ鵤20ƷҩԺϳɣЧͬҩ
ħ񵤣10ħԺϳɣЧʳػ⾳ĵȼɵ5ҩԺϳɣЧʳػ⾳ĵȼ
ħ飿ҩʲô㶵Ŀű̲סʵҲû˵ֵ֡еĽܣħҩȻǱȸ߽ħ˺ƷҩõĶ
š˼ΣħҩǴ˵веĶ˵µľɡֻǴҲû˼ػУҲûжϳʦ
û˼ͷû˼Ϊʲôмأ
ô֪Ҳ˵һһġҲϹʱڣħҩĴڰɡ˵
ҲɡҲֻ룬ĥ㣬ϳʦϳɵͽħˣûʧܵĸʣ
ҡҡͷûУϳʦĳɹ100ġ
Ŷŵ˵ͷ㣬ڼҪ300ŵͽħǺϳҪʱ䣿
۾΢УһµһϳʦһԺϳţ300ҲҪ60졣˶٣ֵţҪôħʲôʵ𣿡
ſű֣صĵ㣬ںҪʵ֮ڣ龳
ոڳԷʱѾ˵ڵĴ˱ܹ³е뷨
šŵͷҵȻܡڲѧϰϳɣǼʵ
ϳ㣬ҿںϳ300ħ˶٣ֵֻǣ300ħҪ15000ħˣ£ǿħҲŪǮҲ򲻵ôħˡ
ħӣУв15000ħˡеڴӣͻȻЩмˣձѣΪɱӺѰ˶ŵ鷳ҲȥȻҲŪôħˡ
ѵڤڤⲻɣĵΪԼħ˵ģЩаš


82 ç å
أؽ
зɷƮѩѩܴԴ򶼱һƬס
䣬䵽ѼûˡֻҪ컹зԣ˻죬׬ǮҲ׬һ˶ûУȥ׬˭ǮҲûҪĶ
ؤڱܷ紦
ǣʱȴƫƫһ˴˳߳͵˴ϣת˲ʧѩС
Ǵҽ߳ģҽݵȻûзԣȥơ
çʱȴҪɣб׬ǮҪҪ졣
һ·УܿƼǰçȴûнȥĴһһƼӣçš
˭ѽﴫһ
ţ¡ç˵
ݣɶҪʱдԹһʱ䣬Ż򿪡¶һ˵Ŀçһۣǳ¶˭
çû˵һžӣ죬˭ҲԸվšУ˶ţç˵ȴͻȻһŮ˵ľС
ʲôçĿ֮ȥȴеĻϣһŮӽĹűӣЩŵĿç
ҺӦýç͵˵һ
˭ˣҲЩߵ˵һҲû뵽çͻȻͽˣʱѾˡ
죬çûлش˵Ļֱ˵˴еĿģҪҵķӡ
Ҽҵķӣɵһçвɣ˵Ҫӣ
ûҪӡçͻȻЦЦԼҲ⻰˵Щëȷʵӵġ
ʱעƼҵĶһ紵ݶҪʱ㱨çȻվڴѩﶢţǻ˵ġ
ҲϽߣɫЩĺȵУѾçһӡ
ⷿӽˣҿԶǮç˵
Ǯһ£ܸ٣
˵
ҧҧģҿûеģҪ500ң򲻣ǰçɷӣſڱ˵һֵֻۣⷿ20ңӲӣס˼ʮ꣬ҲûҪȥ
Ҹһ񡣡˵ţçĴӻͳһ񣬵һ
ڵأʹ۾çе񣬺һŷӦЩĵʲôʲô
һ1000ңһķӣôԺʲôҪˣһӿҲôǮ
çЦЦҪڰʱڰ
ô򵥣ЩŵĿçһĻҪʱֻҪӣͿ뿪ˡ
çЦЦְУǮھ͸㣬԰ˡ
ϸĿ˰죬ȻַʹҧԵһҧݡ
ģç졣ٺܺñϣ񲢲ڻͨļֵֵһǧңһּϡеʯƳɣû˻
ݵĴ
Щ񣬱˵ݣֵֶˡ
ӾԼһ㣬ڱﱻ˺ҪһԼķӣ»ĺ£
ȻԼУȴЩŵĿç˵Ķģⷿ㣬ҵˣ
˵أçЦЦǶھͿ԰ˡ
çڣһ絽ϵŮߣߡ
ǣһûд·ѽŮúС˵
ģڴ㡣ֵĵçڡ
ǣôŮ˿çһۣȻЩߡ
ʲôҲһȥǼòУŮ⡣еŮǰ˻ΣСǲǲҪˣ
çҲѹǻåʱͱܳŮ˴·ˡçȴһվУֻȥһ˲˲ĽסŮ˲š
çôģģӻôǮȻܰ׻Ҳÿۣһһʧ
֪໨֪çʱ飬лθ룬᲻ðѲ˵çء
ç֮ŮںߣһֱҲûпˣȻҲûпçԼ˵ֱʱۼʱ˹⣬Ļٹ˵ϺߣһƿӣȥԼ·
ҿçסʵû뵽Ů˯Ȼȫģڿ㶼ûд
Ҳ¶˸ոա
Ů˴ĺܿ죬çû׵ʱѾ룬µؾͺߣֱ߳ţӲŻͷ˵ⷿˡ
çŷӦһԼͷɶҲûѽҲ̫˰ɡ룬çֶ˵ιĶ𣿡
ҪˣˡЦһ񣬻ҪЩӴʱЩģԼͣһçᷴڣ͵òˡ
Ǯʹĥ⻰һ㲻Ǯç˵죬Ҳ䷿ӡ۹ſɨȥçͻȻһɫʱЩ仯󺰵ιŵڿߣΧءʱçףΪʲôһŮ˴·Դô죬Ŀ໨ҪܾõġԭѷµĶˣû
û˻شçſһĻ˵ӰӣֻƬ֮䣬һһŮߵټ
һܵġֿ˿ϵĶç죬ţģʲôѽ⻹øʰȻһѿ໨ûˡ

ԼңǰħǱոպϳɵġħһյʱ䡣
ŽʼƼһʱ򣬷ʲô⡣Ͼǹӣһ졢һ¡һ꣬й̶ʱġû˻˵һ׼ȷӡկ½˵¿ͻƺ龳ֻһֹơĹǧ򻯣̫ĲԤ֪û˿ԤԼҪʱ䡣Ԥ£Ҳ궼ˣҲͿͻơ
зĲ£çȥעƼҵĶһз紵ݶͻ㱨ԼͿ԰ˡŵȻ뵽çȻŪһЩҲûʲôϵǿ໨֪ҲʲôϵϾçˡçģڿ໨ϡһ㣬Զ䡣
һƽ飬ھлڴﵽһƽ֮˵һħ
ħڼֱӻŸСһ쳣ԣѸٳ壬ʹŵ嶼ɲǼʹһȦ
࣬ڵĻȼһħڳʱһöħȻڵĻյĸɸɾֻвʮ֮һԭͬʣ뵽֮С
ۣһڣûӶ١ǰǺ徳ڻǶ㡣ԼҪߵ·ܳ


83 
մʱʽٿħʹŽ龳мһ£žȵķ֣ٿħܹԼڵͲˡǰľ磬Ǻ徳㡣Ҳ㣬龳ңңڵ顣ԽԽа룬3000鵤ҲδܹʹԼ龳Լ̫͹Ĵˡ鵤ҩЧ֮ʣµļֱ̫ˡ
ŵȴǲûоֻӵͨ徳ʵǺͺ徳˲൱ﵽ徳ҲδؾͲ龳ǿһƴ
ȻЩֻԼе뷨º̶ֳܹȣǲԤ֪顣
ʱû뵽ʽǺͨĺ徳һġ徳ʱԵػ޲ûеȼ֣֮龳ǰŵ㷨һҲܽ龳ˣҲҪʮħ˲ܹ쵽
ˣٿħҲѾ൱15000ͽħˣѾػϰǧǱǺϳʦҲһᡣϳʦһϡٵĴڣػҲᳬ5ˡ
ܹͺŵˡ
ˣҲʵһ֡һվ۷ǿߣʵǵ·ϣһܶ˵£򣬾վ۷֮
ڶħУơȼաʱ֮ŷ˵ö
ħȫꡢʱɫѾʼ˺ϳɣֻϳšϳǼΪľģһҪػ޵ЩҪʱָϳ֮󣬱Ϣ˱ܹӦŵٶȡ
ȵҪĸʱûеȣǼȻûħֻЧ΢΢ȴûзԴӵػŴҲûֹֻͣҪһʱ䣬жȹ
ЧСҲڽûܹһڳԳһӣκγɹҪûŬͼ֣ǲġ
ûֱܹվڸ߸ߵɽ壬ÿ˶һȥġȻ·ܸ̿ͬǣȴҪŬͼֲʵ壬һ䡣
ŵŵ㣬Ҫ˯ߡǿľʹſԳϵҪġҪǱҲӵŵҲδܹӲϵⲻ˶ģ˵ûܹ㡣
Ϊͬʧȥ˺֣ܶʧȥ˺ܶܵĻᡣ
ʱçͿ໨ࣻͺ衢ԬġʵڴƷһյ衣

ʱˮת˲һ¹ȥ
һµʱ䣬˱ΪţͣĺϳħֱƣŻϢһ£ʱһתϳɣҲһΪԼΪţƴˡ
ʱУȴܼӰçҲԡ
ڸʲôС¥ÿ˶һֻûħҲܾѡսʵĵڶ죬ʹСɽȥɱħʵԼʮңһΣѴ򵽵ħ˽15000ħ˲
ȷʵͬһˣֹԸЩƫԳ˾顣ǶԼҲЩ̡
һµʱ䣬ڵﵽ˺徳ĲҡȻŰǰԼĲӵеġȻֻһڵܳʵŴʱڵֻһ룬Ĳ㵽㣬ʵǳɱˣҪڵٻҪһµʱ䡣⻹ΪһҲûзɹڱϳħ֮ʱѡȴ֮һҲδܹɹ
ȻʵҲ̫ãܾһħʱ⡣ʱʱܻᷢܶ顣
ңŵĲҲ̶Ϲϵʹӵ磬ʱҪǣͻᵽӦõĵط类˹ܵ˿ܻûзӦͷҲûвȴѵ˱λã
ԶⲻıܣͨġʱԽԽԾһҪԶۡ
ڵţѴﵽ̶ֳȣڵѲ֮ĳһ֡
Ŵ鷳һαϺħǰţ֮УҲû⣬һ£˭֪ڵȻԶ۵ĵλãǿķʹñɳȥصײǽϣˡҿԬػһΣֻһĹѱȻܿܵħĺϳɡ
Ϊ£Ż˺ܳʱ䣬ʹԼҪ㹥ˣЧȴ΢ֻʶָĳ˵ʱ򣬲ֹ˵ĵڲ䣬˭һ㶼СŲãڵĻӦ
ˣк˸ҺſЦڱʹһ£һǰû˸ˡſʱ򻹿ԣǿҲûɶ˼ˣžͲһˡ
һһĹڼתǰ¹ȥʱе»ֻʣʮ졣ٳȥбûչҽݣ뿪Ҫ𱣻ҽݵΡ
ڵ˺ܶ࣬Ҳָտɴˡ
ƻ裬ڴԷÿҲֻʱһ˲ľ롣һֻһٷ극˱ϳɵħߣʱ䣬˶š
꣬ħҪȥʱçͿ໨ͻȻ˽
ç뿪һλصС¥
ŵͻȻһçƼҳˣ
ç˵ͷˡ
ŵüͷ𣬵կ½ˣ˵ţѾȥһģ½Ƽһܷʲô飿
ȴç½ĸˡ
ŵɫͻȻһˣϲҲûܹȻ
Ԭ̾Ϣһϵ죬Ѿһ漣ˡƣҲ޷Ȼ˶٣ԬֵӦȥƼҿ˺ɺͱÿһ˶Ӧȥ˶Ԭ˼ֻΪŵĴ磬ΪȹǵȻǴΪƼҵԭű͵ϮȷʵΪǲܵˡ
ŵ˵ͷǶȥҲȥ
㲻ȥ㶣ţǲΪϴκ˵ҪϾϵŲȥģ
ҡҡͷôᣬ֪ϴô˵ңϾ½Ľ龳Ƽҵ鷳ȥҲǰ״һ
ȻˣΪʲôȥͲЩɻʵ
Ҫץʱһ£Ǿò˵һܹ˵ԼͻƵʱ䣬Ѿ˰աʱӦûǰǹһʱ䶼ұץһʱÿһ֣һֱϡѾûˣҲƼپһϴεĽѡ
Ԭ˵ͷ˵ûĸѾˣЩڲҪžͱȥˡʵԬҲǵţ˽ԼĶӣ֪žƼҵ֮ȻֹˣȻҲžܵʵҲñԼİȫ
ǣС¥źͱ˶ȥƼҡ


84 龳
կһܱյʯݣһ׳ꡣ
ʱ׳ϷŨĹâǹâѾʯݣڹâĵ׳ͻȻ˫ۣ˫ǳ۵ͬʱ׳һȻվվʯڵĹâŨ˼֣ʹʯݾǳܲסһѿ
ԭסĹâֱʣɽģǹâڰγһͷι״Σһֻȫۼ׵ľͺӡǺӻϸܵƬǣÿһƬۼ׶ǽޱȣԵֻӾһ˿ʥζ
ôۼף⵱Ȼһֻͨĺӡ
ֻҪ΢֪һЩػ֪ʶˣʱǿֻӣһܹг֡Գ
нػޣ
нϵػޣ
ӵǿķ֣ٶȣһУʹðԳڸнħУһΪǿĴڣͬΪн׵ϵħ޼ҲҪ˱ᡣ
ܹõԳػ޵һ׵飬ǮҲ򵽡ҪʵǿػΪ龳ȴҪѣկĴ󵱼½ҲǺķ˽ʮʱ䣬Ĳͨͨػ޵ϣڴʱɹͻơ
ϲ󵱼ҳɹͻƣɽһƬĳ
׳կĴ󵱼½վɽЦ
һſɽȺڿʼկǿҲҪЩǮƵ⽻ãʩᡣԺ󣬷Բ֮ڣ˭ʲôǶҪǡֻҪǮҪᵽկ䣬·һЦ
ԪҲЦݣͷ½֪ӽ쿪ʼҲȥĽύǮˡǰĻңƼҵԪһ˿ΪôЩ龳Լôǽύ
ɽӰһΣ½㵽ԪߣصһԪ򣬵ܣЩˡ
Ԫ΢΢һЦûн½ĻǻһĿ꣬ԴƼҡ

½ɹͻƺ徳֮ʱҲڷ
ԬѴƼҷأ˵ܴ󣬵̫أôʱ䣬ĸӶҲ׼˶ûĵҪҪҲ֣ص׼ƼҼԵĽѡ
У֪ĺܺã޸ԸȻ˵Ҳܱˣ뻹ǸоҸ
ȻЩеģƼҼٵĽѡ
ҲѾɽлû龳ǱǼܵ顣ػ龳ǿҲᳬˣ龳һ׵顣
һУűץһʱƼû˻Ǻ龳ǿߵĶ֣ž֮
ʱħѾϣĻûкϳɣһתڵȴͻȻоһǿϢ
Ϣһ־ʣųǿľǲܸܵϢĴڵġ
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Уǰҡ磬ôˣ̧ͷɻĿţΪʲôҪЩѲɸȥկ
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Ŀţ֪ΪʲôôǰԼϳ֮һȥΪʲôȲأǱϳһž͸һţһֻܺϳöЧҲһѽ
½Ѿ˺龳ҴעһȥƼҡ
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ĵĿźɣʵأ
ںϳħ˵
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ţһסţΪ̫ۣ˹ȥڻ֮ǰ⽻ø㣬ר
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ٴһħһż
ħ֮ŵǳٲһ֡
ȴûΪǰûзֵľǰʱ򣬱µľ
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ڵĻھлһ֮˴εȴͻȻ֣ѾڵһЩ
Ŵ󾪣Ϊʲôᷢ


85 ͻ
ȻԼ٣æϸļһ飬ûзʲôСеĻһЩ
ڽøӾˣĪҪͻƵǰףţҵæǬóенħˡսʱõнħˣһֱû÷ãֻڸո֮һţɽбнħ׷ɱţڻʣ16ţǬл19ƷҩŲûóħ˵ЩӽҩȴرҩŲʲôá
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ֱŷ˵15нħ֮ڵٴγžתһ֮Ҳûٴμ٣Ųɳ˿ʶڣϸĸеı仯
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ħϾǵͽħ˺ϳɣ㲻߱нħ˵ʣôᴿҲȱнħ˵ǹɾ֮һСεϲֳܱڿ羳ʱħǴ治ħ˵ġ
ûлԣٶĵͽħҲʹͻơ
ת֮žȵķ֣СеĻȻ˾޴ı仯Ǵż¶ȵ壬ȻҺ壬纣ˮҺ塣
ҺǰҪȣʶ̽ȥžǷʱЩʣӦýҺŶԡ
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ֻк龳ڵŻᷢʱ䣬øӵ;ﵽҺ̬
ʱŵܣһŨɫԾȼաһ󣬺ܿеÿһ䡣
ЩһҲ֪ȫ񶼳ڣ޴ı仯
˳һ֮ãȻ˫ۣ˫ȻĹâǹâֱǰĲ豭֮ϣǲ豭ʱ飬һûʣ¡
۵ͬʱͻȻſڣӿ³һĴָСԲ
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ʱ̺ȫڻ֮УһҲţŵӲûȼաʱı仯ӵУһҲ˷ѣսʱܹ˵ɱ
ովŸоеҲ˱仯˵ĽչͬģŴﵽ˺龳µȻҲǡ
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һѡһЩɰСսİֻ֣һǲѡ
Ŵһֻǵע⡣
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ͻƺ龳ŵľҲ˴ȵʱʶųܹӦԴеһС
ŸӦƼǰһɼΪǿϢϢɽϢͬ
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86 
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޷磬ƣ쾹ȻǸѵõĺ
أԴĴˣÿ϶ϲĺһЩȡƷ׼һЩ̻ʵһֵ˸˵¡
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ͬͬڣ˵ģ˵ĺܼᶨֻҪţͻţˣҲ
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һˣѣѡȻûμӸ׵Ҳû˵ҪԼֿկǣˡΣյʱˡ
ǣˣΣź龳½Լɰ


87 ǹ
㲻ġͻȻ˵ˣȸˣֵġ
ҲǾţòŵܹһѣˣǣȷʵ
ЦЦҲһж᲻
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ţͬʱһ½ǿǸոѾ̣һ޿ɵǿ
žȻȥս½ⱾƼҵ飬УⱾ޹ء
ңȥֻ½˭
½ԪҲΪ
СĪǷ˲ɣԪֹš
ڳУֻ½뷨ܹܵǰţȫϢڣһҲûţֻк龳ܹġ
ԼոͷŵѹǱǰȥһѹʧǺ龳Ǿġ
ֻ½лЩɣǰҲʮӣôܴﵽ龳Ҫ֪龳һ׵飬ػﵽ龳ǿߣҲᳬˡǽҩħ˾ܹѳһ龳ǿߡ
뵽ˣԪ۾΢УĴָָᵯһϸĹߡ
⣬͵һովһߣ׾ٱԼıܣһԼһֻ֡ڵߣȸոԼǵŨȻҲһǿ
ˣţ̿Ųӣɱ۾
۾úܴ󣬸ո½սȻҲ֪жǿȥţ֪ǰҲûã½һҾǰҲǹһ죡
ڹ߼֮ʱȴͻȻһ£˭ҲûпģһĹ⾹ûţǲ˹ȥ
һĻһĲŷһЩû뵽žȻܹ㿪һ
˰ΣЩԣۣŻö˶˵վЩƵʵոշʲô£
Ŷ½Ĺ
ȥסǹߵٶжʩչ֮ʱһǿʱٶȡӦƽսϡ
ոʹ˱ܣûж㿪ǵ⣬һҲ㲻
ûʹñܣôܶ㿪½Ĺ
ͻȻ֮ʱϵѹʧʱоһ磬һ󱾸ȵ·硣
뵽֮ǰԼŵһսУΪŲˡŵܹ֣ǲͨһŻӴʱܵĲͬ
ѵ뵽̲ס˵ѵŽ˺龳
龳ĻסҲ磬ֵķ硣
ûһǽ˺龳ôܶ㿪ǿһ
½ԪɫҲɣ֣صĿţʵ벻ǰֻʮĺӣǽ˺龳ǿߡȻأԪȴûнţΪ½ž½Ķ֡½бʤı
Ļ½ɫȴɣвžǽ龳ҲǸոͻƶѡôȻǺ龳һĽ׶ΣҲѧϰѧԼ࣬Žͱɣ
ֵǬָһ½Ѷһǹһѩ׵ǹǹӽһɳŨİɫâ
ǹ½Цţǽ龳Σ㻹Ƿɣ
۾΢У½еǹòŵнΪнΪұذɣ
˵󾪣ʵû뵽½ȻӵнҪ֪ܹǿʹʵģнԱȵͽҪǿʵ൱˽֣һһнôһ˾Ƕ֡
һ㣬Լʹõıһͽ齣⽣ǺɴġƾеĽֹһսʤͬȼĶ֡
ο½õнŸĶ֡
뵽ˣͻȻţߡҪװȻнҪߣһԵġ
ԣţߡҲѣ͵ΪǱ𣬲Ҫװֵã
˵ĻûŻش½ѾЦû˵ûţߣ½㣬կ㱾Ҳԩ޳𣬽ûҪﲻɡ
ȴû½ĻǶ˵ŴԼѡοҲδܹɱҡ
һŵҲһ
ѪĽ
Ѫ죬Ѫ죡
𣬶ǰ½ĵɣҿǹܲɱţ
ʱеĽ˱仯ѪĽӽһĶһ˿ɫɫԽԽŨ
ɫּһ˿ɫԵ֮
еĽ½۾˲ĳŵĽҲнҪн
ǹ
һ漴½ǷԼػǰԳƷϵػޣѵ˶Էɡ˵龳ػ޵Ĳѧĺûֲ˫ûѧϰѧ£һֻǿػ޻ռžԵƣѧϰѧѧƷͬػ޵Ҳһڡ
뵽½Ĵžһǹһǹֱš
ǹⲢûκιâ½еǹ֮ϡǺ龳徳ĲͬսʱԵþգһȴѾ춯ء龳սֻ˲Ϣ֮䣡
½ǹûжܣǴ̳еĽ
ֱӶǹ֮ϣ
ûҲû䣬ֱһ
½ǹѩףŵĽּһ졣
ŵĿˣ˸Եı
ɫһǰƶ½ǹ⣬ǹǹƶ
ףŵռϷ硣
ĺһһֱŵڷ
Ƕûע⵽һֱվ½Ԫǰƶ


88 ɱ
ܺõ죬ȴͻȻ˷磬绹ܴ
õϾûİѩ裬һʱ侹ס˵ߡ
ķѩУԪĵ˾ֻмԶĵط
ûпûб紵ĻѩҲԪʱ˵ĿĶסź½׼ȷ˵ǽסź½ı׼ȷһ㣬Ƕסϵڿһǰʱѵ½ǹһ롣
ǴҲûҪȥţҲû뵽Ԫ
Ԫһûзһâ»ע⣬ʵûбҪԪȻ뵽ʱľٱ¶һ㣬Ҳᷢ֡
ӢۺСˣ˼Ȼͬ
ȻǰһԾԪ˴һȥ
¶ЦݣȫľڶԸ½޷赲ĽʱѾ֣ҲԮΪѾŲס
ں徳ʮԪ˵ףѲ롣
Ȼҫ۵⣬һ̣Ԫȫڽ֮ϣһ̳Ǻ龳Ҳñ̸Դοһȫಫĺ龳
ֻֽаߣڷΪĹ̫յŵϣҲյŵĽϣѲܲ֡
ԪϣǷ֣Ҳ
ţһҲֻܺһȻǰԾȥڽ֮ǰԸϲ
½Ҳ¶Цݡǧ㣬Ҳû㵽ԼȻŵĶ֡¶ЦݡžҲܶԪһ
ǣЦֻһ˲㽩ϡ½ǵ͹ţû㵽Ȼ㲻ҲֲסԪĽԪĽûܴš
ĲҲǶ
ȻҲţȻ½ҪǿҲֻһ㣬ȫľ½ǹϡһ˿ģĽֻ
ҲѸоԪĽһҲûеģͷβ򶨵˾š
ŵȻ££
²ԸǬУڱģſˣԶԱ˵ĳ
һֱŻС
½սŲûº壬Լȫսʤ½
ǣԪĽ֮ʱһۺӰĴŻдܳԪûпӰӵģ֮ʱеĽѾˡ
ȫȫˣûʣ¡
ǰۺӰһԪоֻʣһмһ䣬;Դһ£ȻԪͿѪԼѪ
ѪͷȻˮ£ǰƮԪͿ綼˺ɫ
ɫһƬڡ
̫ӽͷŨȻ绹ܴ󣬵һ
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ڿԪʧֵһ˲䣬½֪ԼĽ֡
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ŵ˳ǹ壬ɫĻȼա
ֻգ֮䣬½㱻ճһƬޡûлҽ̶ûС
ֻ֮ʣһѩ׵ǹһǬָ
۾΢΢һУǹǬָ㵽СһۣŰŽԼǬУͬʱСֹţô͵ǲɡǱǹ͸ģϧõǽң֪գƽձ˵ĶԽصĶԽС
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ʶµģ֪µĲѰŵܣ˵ԼĶҲС룬ŵĳ
ûзӦûʡ֪Щǲʵġ
ǰصŵļȴһлĻû˵֪ЩǲҪ˵ġ
ЦЦҸոͻƺ龳ҿü
Щһֱɡ˵
˵ЩʲôŲ˵ԼΪЩжôŬԼģû飬Ҳһֵ֪ɱˡԬ˵ֻŴﵽ˺龳Ż˵֡
ڣ԰Ǹ˵˵˰ɣš
߽ƼլƽǸ˵棬֪żʱϵǸмѲֹһΰÿһζ֮ʡ
ͣ˵ţѣĸ
Ūֱ˼εĸ˵ҿˡ
ͣ׼һʢľ磬ףƼҶɹⳡѡ
ڳԷʱȴͻȻˡȻû˵ԭ򣬵ס
ˣ֮ءң˵ΪڣƼҽȻҪ޷ܵġ
ɩӣ㲻ߡߣҲʵҲܲԲ磬ҲԲƼҡ
У㲻ߣҪִƼңʱԸһҲھȪ֮ҲĿˮ
̾Ϣһû˵ǵģҪɴԸƼǿҲΡ
һԳĬãͻȻ˵裬ȥկ
կסֻźס
˶ֵĿ֪Ϊʲôð뷨
˼һۣԴ򸽽дСʮɽկկƼңѱձɽկҲƼҡΪƼǸǮƵļ壬һʵһ뵽ıȻƼҡз磬ǧŲĵ
˼Щףʵʱһ𣿡
˵ͷûػı߾͹ܲԣ볤õ棬ǱҪøǿɽկǵɱ˷Ż޶֮ʹޡ磬δᣬҰͳһҲһ£ͬʱҲΪƼҴõȶѿ֮С
ӿڵǣҪȥԸЩɽկ᲻Σգ
ΣһУǣȴҪţƼѾûˡ
ͻȻվǻ뱣סƼңͱҪ˸ɽկΣա˶٣ֵ½ȥɩӶ¡
УͻȻ˵ƼҪǰΨһԸ˭Υ
䣬ֿ˿ոʧȥһֱֵֻۣȻѾҩѪˮοڵ״ƼҪһЩ
ε˻ȥǵģܲشԸ
ȻѾͬ飬ڿڵ磬ȥկ


89 ɱ
կһк˳ûзʲô򶷡կֻó½Ǹѩ׵ǹȻİɽǿͱ˸͸
Ȼһݣ˵ʲô½Ѿˣ˵ʲôԸ⣬ԺԸկ
֮˵˺ܶ࣬˵ʱʵ̲ס˯һСʱ;ȵķ֣˴󵱼ҵˡ
ⱾӦһܵ飬ӦɱͷĲס棬ⲻ֪һǹѾկסˣǿһկ˶֪жӲǵǰԪҲ޷ºۼ
ɴҲɼ徳ͺ龳֮ŶĲࡣ
կǹոȷʵһ£ű¸ǻС¥
ŻһҪҪҪ֪ɱԼ׵˭
ѵ˺龳Ԭ˵ֻҪ˺龳ͻǸ˵֡
仰ŴҲûǹ
ɱ֮𣬲ܲǸжǿ
߽С¥Ԭ࣬˵ĵһ仰ǣ裬ɱְֵ˭
ԬĬòŵ16ǰǺ龳ǿߣʮĽ죬һǿڵ㻹˳𡣡ԬȻų˵֡
жǿҲҪ֪˭żᶨ˵裬Ȩ֪
ǵģȷʵȨ֪˭Ȩ֪ɱ˵֣һƽƽˣҲΪ˱ȨȨ
ԬüͷԬᡣ޷ŵȨǣҲ޷ǣԬ˵ҿԸǸ˵֣㲻ȥ𡣳˱ʤİ֮ʱſȥ
ſԬ࣬û˵
Ԭ㲻ӦҾ˵ӦҾȥ
˿裬ҴӦ㣬ڲȥȵܹһսʱȥ
˵ͷԬ¶һЦݡ֪ΪԼŲװȥŵ㣬㡣
ɱ㸸׵˽лܣԬ˵֣16֣ʹ16꣬˯ж޵֣
ܣػӣһػ֣ͨ
ܷУػûܹȤ˵壡
壬16ǰһҫ۵ǣ17ͻƺ徳ػ10һεĶ޴Уһ·ɱػİճΪǱʵ꣬пܴﵽ⾳Ĵ˵
ʱػûܹﵽ⾳һ˵˵⾳ӵһпȥ硣˵һ⾳ǿߣһ֮һǣһ
ȻЩֻǴ˵ػʱûк⾳ǿߣҲû˾֪⾳жôǿ
ǣЩĴ˵ȴû˿ֻţ峬κ˳
ʱ龳㡣
ոս龳ڱĹͻƵġ
ľսܸ˻ܡҲΪһսܱΪӡ
ܴꡣܴӼµʱӵػޣȱǮһֱôѵĵҩػ޵ϡ
ǰûн龳
塣
ǣھս󣬻ҵݴׯǣŸոճһ£ʧȥ˸ס
Ԭ˵һս޾⡣Ԭ˵屾ԶȥܾҪߣҲס
ûߣΪûԬšھս֮ʱԼսܲԬĸӵ鷳
Ȼĸܾ˴˵裬ǻûǵ鷳
ҲԼЧҲǻܸû¶ĸСԬ֪岻ûܴܻܣôܾŹĸӡ
Լ˵ǱʣܹΪػ۷ǿߵĻᣬȡĸӵİȫ
ɷӵİǸ׶Ůİ
Ⱞȥ
ⰮԬţֱ
Ⱞȴǽ֪
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˵ֻ顣ֻԬ࣡
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ŵȻԼȥԣжʹ÷ȥһܵĳ嶯
ǣȴһͷΪǿҵĳС
һҪǿһҪɱ˻ܣзĵ
ҪǿűҪ߳ԴѾûչĿռ䡣
龳Ѳǿսͷħ˾ˣǵͽħҲС˵龳֮󣬲ѧϰѧѧϰķķԸڵķħҩԺ龳Ѿ̫ˣҩħ˵ͬʱ븨ķȡ
ķѧһҲеȼֲ֣֮ͬķЧҲͬ
ȻķѧǼѵõĶԴӵС
ԣҪǿҪ߳ԴҪȥУѧķĿܡ
裬ȥ˵仰ʱѾ˾
Ԭûֹֹ֪šԬҲֹΪ屨飬ŻҪǿҡԬ֪ˣֻиĿܡŲ16꣬˺龳
츳ýǮ򲻵츳
ʲôʱߣԬʵ
룬֮ɡ
ŻһЩҪ졣ҪѧϳҪϳһЩħçǾʵֻܷȥ˵ԴѾڣԬһ۸կʲô飬ֻçžԵʵܱ֤һ˵İȫ
Ԭͬŵľ֪ԼĶӲƽˣҲڲõĽܹ졣ССԴݲš
ƽ˴ףһһֵĳһ硣ŴǬȡ½ǵѩ׳ǹݸǻ̫ǿò˵ͽǹÿһã͸ɡ
˵ĽӹаŪãԽԽϲ̲סǰŵ磬ǹ̫ˡһֱõͣûǹ硣
кǹΪн˵ǹȵá
ϲǹЦҽ˺龳ͿСսˣõôԡ
Сսźһ
龳ϰķػ޵һЩ֮󣬿ں徳֮ʱһڿӵԼǺ˻ôΪ龳ػ޳ں壬ػ޵Ҳ൱Լ˭ԸķѾͷʱ䶼԰ʵߺüˡ
û뵽뷨
սǹˣ»գ̲ס¡̫ǿˣ˭ܴù
ʵ


90ǰ׼
ڴϣó½ǬָĶһó
ŰһĶŵ۾Ĺ⡣½Ϊʲôͻƺ徳ˣ½ǬָУȻȫнħˣϸϸһ£Ȼ550šЩֵǮ
ⲻ½ǮġһЩկġ
·ˣŻǳȥȱǮɲСû뵽½ôЩħȻ˵û̫ãܹħҲδܹӶϾŵĲͬѿħħҪˣǵûǮ
һħˣ˷ܵһҹû˯Դʶçˣŵ̬һĸıţѾůҲ顣ı䣬ԼҲûз֡
ǰΪ˷ܣԼˣʲôں
ڵţԽԽһͨˡͨ˵апЦ˷Ҳˡ
ǰûЩֻаޣĮ
ڵţЩС
ڶֱҵ˱ʼѧϰϳ
ϳ˵ѧһ֣ҪӵдԵػޣûͣķħˣħ˷ճ״̬ȻٰںϳħеĻʱҪյһ˿ǲһ㣬ͻɢЩҪһ츳õϰʱʱ䣬ҪħˣŪЩħҪʱ䣿
ˣϳʦϡ١һǴԵػ޲˭ܵõģǾõǰߣ֮Ҫķѵʱ;Ҳûмܹ
Щ˵ȴһ£Ѿ߱Щϸڵգųǿľ£Ҳ׵ĺܡ
ֻʧܵΣͺϳһħС΢ţð˵һ䣬ţ㲻ˡ
͵̾ϢһڱոջظľУִеǬָóһнħˣ㣬ܹϳнħǲǾͿԳΪмϳʦˣ
нħٴκסһŵţнħҪӾȷĿƣ͸Ļһ㣬˶ġ
֪ҹһû˯ϸоԼǱ顣нħĺϳɣ־ȷĲٿأԼܹǱн齣ѶȣһҲȺϳнħСԼѾﵽ˺ϳнħľȡĻǺɫģŵ
ɫȺɫǿһΣһ½йܡǱ½ܹĻ棬ȻڱսںһЩʹ½һЩţϳнħǲġ
ǣڱľУžȻһζûʧܣֱȺϳɵͽħҪ˳ȻֱӾͺϳһнħ
ǰһĻ°ͺûϣú󣬾̾ϢһȻӻͳһ£мϳʦĻ¡Ͷʦһݵ
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ͬʱһУţϲΪн׺ϳʦڣѾ׵ӡҺĴ֮⣬һеӶ
żǵ
׵ӣһ£ǵú˵ڵӷΪ졢ءơȼڳΪн׶ʦʱΪƽ׵ӣû뵽һ¾Ȼܲ㡣
еְִҵﵽмڼҲûгֹ顣ţԺڵķչͿˡ
ţһᾡ
㶵ĿţѾ֪ųΪ׵ӣÿһӼǵСӶʾ
ʱıѾ˵
һĺɣԭеƷһյ裬ʱ豭Ҳڵˤ÷顣ıͱһ֮ã˵һ䣺ţħ
ӱķҵçȥɽͽħˣ˵ػ޶ʳ͵ػޣŻҪ뿪ǰһ飬ҪϳһЩħˣܹٵʵֻܷ뿪
ç˵ĳɹ⡣̶̼ʱ䣬˾800ħˡ
ȻǰŵķȺķսΪЩħУ󲿷ֶǷǵħˡ
žçʵȻȺ⣬Ѿŵϡ
ç˵Ų֪жôǿç˵нǹУֱɱǵǹһ־һƬõ֪Ҫ϶ٱ
죬ǹͶˡ

أ
ŲɻһӵĺɫǾޱķ䡣
ϲǾޱ㣬֪ܺܳʱ䣬ԼΪǾޱΪȥǾޱĴˡ
ĵһ죬ŲɻԴеǾޱ
ҲС¥е˹һֵꡣ
ÿ˵϶ϲֻϲ֮Уȴһ˿ǳ֪ںܳһʱ䣬С¥лȱһˡ
ƻ裬ƻȴִһ˿
߳С¥Ҫصկˣﲻǵļҡ
һ˶˳ֶȥֻͳԴ
ͻȻվסŵʲôʱߣ
ųƬ̣һºɡçħ޵ٶȣһµʱ䣬ŹƿԺϳϰٵħ㹻çˡû鷳Ϊϳɲһ׵£Ҫķ̫ľΪĵľҪʱָܻ
ȥģʡ
ŵȥǡ˵УźܶˣҲ
˵ͷȥһҪСģǲΪΪϸķɣвɱˣƶȣᰴӦɱߴ
е˶ɱ𣿡ЩֵʵҲû뿪Ҳȫ֪Դ顣ػı߾һΪƧ֮أػûйܹһֱɱˣ˶гԹƾҲΪ쾭顣
ЦЦȻǡǮƵģҪɱ˻Ǻףֻǲֱ̫ӶѡͨҲһַʽ𣬿Ծ˫ͬ⣬ôԲɵΡ
ôЩ£㶣һСĵġ
룬ֹЩǻеˣóԼ֤ſԽ롣
֤ͷҲû˵ĶƧı߾СأȻûʲô֤ػУÿ񣬶֤Լݵ֤
ʶһСӶţҲԽǡ˵ǰȥǾǸǽġ˵ţóһţݸŵԴ300һӶᣬߵʱȥȥŷӶţǿ˾ͻġ
ӹţЩжԭѾΪԼ׼һС
óһţһ˵ĵַǺȥ˵֪ػеκ飬ֻһҪ2000ıꡣһеĸصĵطһЩᡣ漴ִǬָó2000ݸš
ûнֻǰŽ˹֪կûжǮǧ񣬺ܿȫƲ
磬Ǯ
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ſ˵ıӰþûӴĿУ֪ԭ磬Ǻﲻһġ
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ȥ㶣ϸĿ˿ţֿ˿żͷۺɫС̲סţĳػкһĶûػ޵ˣûа취²ŻһΪЩҲһһҪػϺܶ࣬һѰҲ𡣿ǰģǮ˼ҵĹӣǳҲûǲġģͦɰȻҲûʲôҪǴĻܻܿ顣ǳķ棬ֲáϾһΣֹ񣬻һϴǾͼˡ
뵽ˣƬ̵Ѷ̫ŷӶŽӹѵһ񡣴㣬»Σա


92 Ⱥ
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Ǹô죿ԱЩŵʵŷӶŴҲûôΣա
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ʱĿţ֪ΪʲôǾŻа취


93 ûɵ
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ŵĺʱ׹һƣӶŵĳԱʱֳС飬ȴһ˶ǰ棬һϵķǲɱһ߸ϢǼֲס˶ϡ
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һֻǱһ֮󣬳Աֻһʱȡħˣ׷Χߡ
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ΪʲôɻʵƾԼ徳ʵԼ²סڣнħޣǶ֣ҪסһʱӦûû⡣
Ϊħʨŵ
ʨɫͻȻˡߣҲˡ˵⻰ȴˮλᣬζźܿܣںܳһʱ䣬ǻҲһҲܿܣǸȲôʱˡ
ǣ֪Լ÷ΪԼŷӶŵȫԱ᲻һ˽ˡ
ʨнµħޣȻֻµȣȴµĴڡʨǿĹƷеħµȣֻΪٶЩнħ޵ԶԶڳ˵ٶȡ
徳㣬µȵн׷Ƕƴ޷ֵʨһ


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ҲǺһɣϾѡţɻǾòԣҲʨĶ֣Ҳ޷ʨצ
˾ʱȥߵĺȴܼᶨ
𣡡һ춯صͻȻɽдʮȻѣʶѾ붴ںܽˡ
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죬һɫĲӰӶдֱܳŶȥ
һг˾ˣˡǶе뷨ӶųԱҲôġ
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ʱȴЩϰˣԼһɱнħ޵ĳЩʵһ


96 ڵ
µӶųԱ½½վ֮ҴһƽȣʱҲָ˹
ÿ˶Ŀţ˭Ҳû뵽Լͬ˽µˣȻǺ龳ǿߡ
ȴ͸һ˿ϲŷӶŵˣ˵ֻҪų߳ӶţԶ뿪
ֻҪŻڣôԺӶŻᷢչʲô¼Ҳûпܰɡ
ֻҪţѾԽǵˡ
߸˵߳ɽһֻصӶᣬ𡣶ԱǷ˰µĳ٣ͶǣҲǵˣ˱һ·ͬС
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Ҫȥһˣһַ˵Ǹ֪ػе飬һҪȥһЩ飬ڻܵģйѧ顣
ȴҪȥҲɣŰԼôæ˵Ҫųһ١û취ǿȥҡỹҪ붭ͶģöȴҪؼһˣʱѼŷӶţԺҲеʱͶ˼棬Ҳɶȥˡ
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һӵʱ䣬һԼ70ҵߣǰҪħ
ŵ˵ͷ
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ٴεͷǬָóһöħнħ
ӹеħ۾𣬷ȥ˰죬Ż10ҪҾˡ
ʮǲ˵㡣еļλһнħҪֵ20Ҫ֪һħҪʮнħ˺ϳɣһнħ˵ļ۸ֵǧ10ֻһǮϳħ֮ҲӦ÷һ
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˭֪ȴ10ټһǧ˲Ρ߳׼ţǼǮ˭ᵽнħǰǺϳʦȻںһħǣһǮҪٵ졣
ȷʵҪǮȻǼ裬ʱ֪רŵУÿܶһο֪Ҳٵȼ죬ûвɵ˻ٵȥѾȴֻһǧ˲Σܹ
ǣһħ˻10һǧ˲Σ뿪Һڵòٺڵĺڵꡣ
첽Ҹȥǻûߵһ·̣ȴһסȥ·


97 Ǯˮ
סŵģһһ£ݲ԰ꡣ
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Ůû̻ش𣬶һֻ˪ѩ֣ͳ2000˹ȥŵػӡ
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ð죬ŲŷӦҪʲôʱܱ
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ûû𣿡ŻãһЩǰʲôط
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ûԥܿóǧ
ССĲУǻǮˮһ㡣


98 ˮ
ӹǧĺ⿴һ۵ھС
ģʣûֱ֣ͳǧϡ
û֪ģ֮ס
ף㶣ܻûȢף
֣ѾЩľǮ׼УֱӾ͵˳ȥ
Ůĵ18š
֣žǧ񻨵ĲֵûȢ׹Լɶ°žһһҪһҪ⣬Ҫֵǧļֵ˺ܾãŲʵôܼܣ
ѾЦһ仨죬վڳϣȻܹܡ
ҿʹԼͷģô򵥵⻹ʣǮҲ̫Ǹֵˡ
˿žҲʹڻܵˣ룬ŵУжٻѧˣ
73
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һҪмֵģžһ˼֮ʵǿ˭
ҡش˲һ˵ŻûŪô£ǰһˡ
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˲һУڱһⶼࡣ
˵Ĺﶼ͸һ˺ûһ;վԵޱȵįʧ⡣
źɣվȺ֮УҲһֹ¶ĸо
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ˣɫҲˣüΪߣ˭ģ
žȵķ֣˵ɫҲ˱仯ʮֹ죬˵ʲô飬ġʧȴһ˷ܡһţֱͱһּΪı顣
Щ죬ֻҲյӣôͰˣ㻹׬ӡ
嶼ЩҹȥôһΣҾ뿪ԶҲҲҡ
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ˮһ֣ͦ˵ͦ䡣
ʵǿˣʣͬʱͳ2000
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룬ʵȲң˵ֻ㣬ҪѧĻֻȥΪǸġ
վȥѾûˡ㣬̶һӵʱ䣬12⣬24000
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ߣµʱ뿪˲ݺԶЩֻҪͿˣЩʲôģͲǰʮĸ˭𣿡ߺߵ˵
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û˵ֱӾͰ¸ս˽ָСȴˣԼǣһжҪСĲźá²Ը⣬һֱû˵û뵽¾ȻҪȥĻܲհ졣
һҿջס£ûȥҴļ˵ĵַ֮ȥ
һҪȼһܣڻ˳ҲҪһܵӣҲҪһԼ֮Ĳࡣ
ڶգĴתƣʱ䣬ҪϤһǸֵҪŪ
ǵģҩիܽ׼ȷ˵ҩիĶ档
ҩիһĶԱȡΧųתһȦ˰ʱ֮áһ£һȦҲʮ·̡
صĴ׸ߣ޴ͭʨӡڴŵ࣬վ10ɱݵʿźɣԼߵǰЩʿһӵԼԴ
ڵֵ֣һֵ֣ԣ¥ˮϣֵһӦȫǸҩիϳ֡
ȢףȻҪ߹ϸĿ˰ΣҵһõλãڳԶһ¥¥ǸߵĽŲ߽¥У¥λãСˣĽֵȥ
Ⱥһ࣬ЦЦȻõλã۷ʲôﶼܿһ
ڵ죬Ϳ￴ˡ뵽ˣŽ߬ȭͷ


99 
ҪȢǧ񲢲ֻ֪¥˶̸飬ÿ˶²ӡȷʵѵһߵĵλܶ˶ۿһӣҪһŴɫʵ
һ˵֣ÿ˵ж¶Ľ𾴵Ĺâ
Ȼһ⣬ҲȻšŲĽܣ𾴣һ֣оֻкޣ
Ĵ棬ĸҲлӵеģȴܻȥû֪ܵһ棬ӢۣǴ˵ػΨһһ⾳Ĵ˵
ο֪ҲĽ˶֪ӭȢĵ18ţȴû˻˵黨ǲݵĻӡܹȢŮСı£ػУ˻ܣûı¡ԶڻˣǸĽ𾴡
Ҳ⾳˲ֻлһĳΪ֪ĵطҲһССɽ壬ҲһֵĶУҲһƬɽ֣ܶһ⾳Ĵ˵ֻӦǹ¶ҼįġǲΪ֪Ҳֻиľʻ֪ǵǿ
˶֪ǿߣػֻһܣ
ͻȻЩڣﻨô񡣻ȢףһѵŮˣǺ⾳ǿߣЩܣ˺ûܡȥ֮ǰȥĸƹƹǴСŶЩϢȻͲỨôǮ
ȻҲһӽǮȻѾˣںҲûʲôáңڻûǮΪ¥Ѿ˿ʱλãֻһ˴ȻҲֻһ뵽Ҫõλþλá
ǣѾ˰ˣ׼ȷ˵ǾҪˣûĻ
˳һǧҰλ졣1000ҾһСĿ۶ʲôľ¥˵ǡ
ŵȻλãϸõλãֻܻǮųǧҡ
ҪλõһŲ͵ˣǺ˲ʶƣҵĶӡ
ֻһңǮľҡǮ˼ȻƣǮƵ˼ңּͨ˲ȻģҵĹҲֻѰĶ
ȻһףʵҲһסҪʲô̫ԭõһõػ޺ףȺܶ˶ҪףĵλȻȵʱĴ޸Ūػޣһ׼꣬ǼʮꡣˣڸʮʱӵԼػޣнƷػޡػޱܲڱ˵ģ˵ⲻ׾ͱúˡʲôػޣܹнҩһԣѵ顣
ȻǰҪмҪͻơһ徳һ徳ʮҲһ
ӲֹѰһףػҲһסѾͻһǾĿ
ͻƶͲˣѾǺ徳Ĳľˡ
ǣ徳ĲʵҲʲôҵĹӾͲһˡοӻһ磬һЩСìܴ˲ò֣˭۸ӣĴȴһͲӦΪӵĴҲ󣬽Ҳֻʮѡ
ֻӴһ꣬ʵϣȴԼĵܵǿ˲ֹһӲϲѰҲϲύѣΨһϲľԼػޡеʱ䶼ôػϡݴѾǺ徳ʮľ磬ֻһͽ˺龳ͣѾ˲ˣУܹ17ʹﵽ徳ʮģѾԱΪˡ
ңҲΪδǣλø硣ˣҲκ˺ӣֲκ۸
һӾͱû˸ҺˡϵĶҲû˸Һڼﻹ涼һ
ڣ˵1000Ұӣ˵Ȼû˸Ҹ
ųǧңȻܲˡҵĲƣӦüӼǮģжǮҲǮࡣ
ȴôԷȻҼǮȻûӷûӷˣ仰˵ҲûӷûӷȻҲûҷ
ŵȻ뵽ԼֻǼ1000ѾôԶ⣬ͲʶӡʶҲôô˵Լոǣһжõ͵ǱϾԴҲݴׯ
ûмǮѾŭˣͬĻĸˣĸ˵Ͷʮ⣬ǳ궼רΪ˽ЩģȻٳ֣ҲûСΪÿ춼˽ǵˣȻʶӡ
ڵš
ӵϣָţ˵
ʶӣһңΪĳͷ˵Ѿˡ
ĸѾѾ֣ŵȻİԼӵϣ˵ǲʶӣʶҲ˼ҰԼӵϡ
ΪţŴҲɱ衣
ǣĸ˵ֻûŵʱŶˣӻûпôģĸѾӵ˴ϣߵĴӳȥˣȴǹŵģŶʱȴѾ򿪡
˶ۣ㶵ĿţĸΧͬʱܹѴӴ򿪣ٰĸһӳȥʲôľܰ쵽
Ҳʮģôľ磿
¥ÿ˶֪µˣÿ˶к徳ľ磬ͻƺ徳㣬ܹ˴ܣȴһɵİӵϣοԳȥͬʱҪѴӴ򿪡
ҲǺ徳ʮ˰ɣһ˵
ߵ˵˵ͷҲһ갡˭ʶ
ǵˣʹﵽ徳ʮֻһ˵
еһ
ǣԲǡո˵˽ӵҶʶ
˵ۣӵɫҲˣָŵ֪֪˭
ҡҡͷ֪
֪֪ڣֵ
ٴҡҡͷû㣬ҪӵҲųֵġȷʵ£ﲻԴ򣬾ԼѾﵽ˺龳֪УԼΪΪĵط
һǶ˵Ǽҳ㷹飬Ҫ˭ӵϣǺ飬˸һ֣ǲŽв
ȴҳ֣֪Լ徳ɵʵ򲻹˼ңȥ³ĸһ
Ҳң룬ͻȻ˵һ仰


100 ˭ܹ
ǰӣͻȻЦˣһҲǰĻӣ෴ȤŻҲûôȤˡ
ãҾ㣬һֱȵΪֹЦ˵
ĵ˵ͷһ仰û˵ת߳˾¥һҹһ㲻֪֪֮ͬԼУǿ֣Ҳ̫ݵĻɣһˡ
žڴ߿ţλȷʵõһλãĿӴӾ¥ߵϣȻսһͬȥһ֡
һֵξͿˣҲûȤˣҲվ߳˾¥ûߵͬ෴ķȥˣŻţɵӲ㡣
ŵȻɵҲԳؼǫǫӣһ˵һĶصӢۡ
һİĵطĪĵһˣȻٵȥȱԸԼ
ŲǿˣһҲûΪԼ޵Уĵת˼֣ͻ˿ջ
ڿջ죬Ҳûȥֱ峿Ų뿪Լķ䣬ƿ˿ջš
ʲôҲһƿɫƮ˽Ʈ䡣
Žʮ꣬ʮʱ䣬ȴҲûпô
ǸõλãһϵΣһҲ
߳ţ߽С
˭ҲҲˡȷʵ·оĺϤˣֲָŨУȻܿߵ˳ϡûȥǼ¥Ϊھ¥ʲôҲ
ȻųǿľţóԼľҲῴ⾳ĻܡľɽеʨʨҲϺ龳ĲΡ
ܣϱûܵĴڡ
ȻܣŻܹϵĺܶණ۾ʶʶ̽žͿ˳ǰͭʨӣʱʨѰĳĻĴҲ컨Ѫ졣ŵʮŵʿɱݡ
ŵʶŵʿϣʮʿˢˢתͷ֮
æջʶʶܵģʮʿҲͺ徳ľ磬ȴѾܵŵʶ
ϴʱѾˣڽֵߡЩҲ֪жٸ徳ϵģŵʶѲ̽ǣŹԹԵվһ䣬ֻ۾ö
̫ʲô˵ĲһܾܿΪЩʹʧȥʶܵĻᡣ
ãȻܹס˵۾ܶס˵Ķ䣬ŻȺ
֪֪μôܹܲأһŮ˵Ů˻ᡣдһ˿ȣȻȢʮ˸ŮˣǻкܶŮΪ񣬴оܹó
þǳѾߣ˵ξŵܵǸʱӦûɢɡȻһŮ˵
ΰܵػӣɢȥ첻ۿһ棬һӶź֮СȻһŮ˵ֻѲᣬҲʮˡ
ʮŮˣӦ͹ֻεͣʮŮˣӦѧʵ
ǣʮŮˣȻ˵Ļ
һֱʹŻܵţʱҲţһһŮ˵˰ɡ
ʱһһĹȥ˵ȴ١һֱһЩŮզզ
9ܿҪˣȴûȴҲûɢǵûɢŨ˺ܶࡣ
Ÿո֮ʱߵˣԼһڣȴһҲˡſһ˵ϣҲԷӡ
ȺŮ˵ĿǿܵʧźĿ
ŵüͷҲѾȻûжԻܷ񣬵βܿܣҲͬʧô˵Լĳ˾ͳǰԼȴӶûܿȷʵӦһʧ顣
Ѿ˾ŵ㣬ȴûҲѾˣȴ
ͻȻ˸ˮĲУˮ˵ʵǿĸ֡˵Ҫһܡ
ˣҲӦȺаɡҪˣˮܹҲǲǽͻ᲻˻ˣ
ŵʱͻȻͿ˸ˮ
ûɢȴѾûˡ
ˮվڽֵУԶһƬŨɫΧһûС
һ£ɫɲ԰ף㲡įվԵޱȵĹ¶
϶ˣȻûվڽֵУˮҲվȺ֮Сûվǹ¶Ҽįġ
˺룬񱾲ϣˣͽע¶
ݣãϣˮ
ֺĺܰ䣬һ𣬿ܾע¶
Ǹ˭ᣬҺϲɣһŮ˵ˮĹ¶ԭҲŮˣŮ˵У¶ᡣ
۾䣬˺Ƿϣ¼ôˣܹ޸ھҲֵˡɣҲһŮ˵ˮĹ¶Ȼñˡ
ˣһüóˤڵϵҲüüŮڿˮԺ󣬴Ƭ̾ˤ˵ϡˮٴ
ӸˮվڽֵϵһΧһɢȥֱߵҲһֳ⵱ȻȻɢȥֻҪӻһ˶ףɢվڽֵĵйء
ʲôܹðֵɢ
žһ㣬ⲻɢˮһûɢ
Ųܲھͬʱ̲סЦʵû뵽ˮȻôȻܹŮˤԡ
֪ڵŮ̫Ǹˮ̫ˣ֪Ů˶ûлܹõˮģΪˮĶǼУӿˮһž֪
Ż֪ȻŮ˵òˮģˮȴҲѵõǲŮ˵ġȻˮӦòһ鶼񿴵úܵ
ǣȴţҲûӦֻ֤һЩʲôɡ
֤ȻǿǱʲô
Ҳ֪ȴãˮܹʤܣҲδܹõġ
Ḷˮǲǻϲԩҵᣬ˺ú˴ܹͣĸоԸˮᣬǴĵ׷ģһ
ţˮҲܹо
ȴ벻ˮǲ⣬ػʮꡣ
ʮ꣬ΪһˣһһӶʹŮˡ
ˮĹ¶įҲȫΪ
Щˣӳһ𣬾עһ磬һˣ֮ͨˡ
ˮ־ʹһĹ¶أģ
Զ߻Ũɫϵȴɢȥ
һĻͻȻڽֵľͷ


101 
ǻβһǵУѵȺǰ
Ľӣ˸̧ε׳
еľȸŨʵ벻ôĽӡ
ŴӽֵͷܵҲⶥӿ졣ֻ֤һ㣬˸̧ε˶ſ죬̧һӣҪϱ˴˵ĲƽȣȴҪȫԸٶȻ졣
ǲǿ֤Ƕͻ˺龳Ҷͻ˺龳һ㣿
ֻ̧ӵˡ̧ӵˣͨˡ
龳ˣ
˵ȻҲˣڽӵǰ棬ûŸͷġ
һװһɻһжԵúףѰռȢףҲ硣
ȴԲףǻܹڽϣҲû˻˵ס
һ˵ػ񻰴˵
˿ᣬȻҲϡӾҪʵᡣ
̫磬Ͳ֪˭ֻƾòôҲᳬʮꡣ
Ҳһʣһ󲿷Ů˵ʡǾء졣
緢ŵ븶ˮĶԱȡ
ѸˮϦֻʣôܾնâɡ
ֻҪ㿴һۣܿĹ⡣š߰˭Ĺ⣡
⣬ֱߵŮѾƬĵ£ûеµҲѾڼУź˭ҲںЩʲôҲԼ֪
Ů˺ʵ¼
һܣŵѾЩ࣬ŵθһŻܣͻȻ£ѾʼŻ¡
ȴûߵǰڽӽʱȴͣ
ͣȻҲͣ
ǲܲͣΪˮվڽֵСֵȻխǽȴֻܴҪˮߣ۴һ߽Ӷȥ
վڸˮǰĿŸˮãŵ֪֪ӭ׵Ľǲͣġ
ˮҡҡͷҲ֪ûȢס
עӸˮãȴͻȻЦˣЦݣֱ߾вŮ˵˵ϣȴûпһۣѼĶˡ
ܵͺҲСˣΪʲôûȢأһҲˮһܳʱûмѣҲԼɣȢ׵ġ
ᣬˮȻҲᣬˮûЦҲЦֻ˵ҵ£һϵûС
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֪ˮĻشܲ˽оˣΪ˵·ġ
һ˿ûУһҲûɫббֵ˽ֵԵȺ
⣬ů⣬ȴͻȻñ䡣
͸䣡
Ⱥȥ֮ǰڵϵŮҲվҲȥ
Ѿٷ񣬺һ˲ҲûеĻ롣ʱǵֻ⣬䵽ĵס
ڿ˻ܵһ棬Ǹ緢ͻȻˣĹâͻȻһɱŨɱ
ɱӰΣȴʵʵڡ
˭óɱˡ
зɵĵطǲɱˡűǿˣҲȥɱˡȷʵ֤ݣ֤ˣ㻹ǲɱˣΪЩҪ죬ǲԿ
ǻܲͬӣɱˣȻɱˣɾҶģǷ
ɣɱˮˮס·ǹġһ¼򣬲ֻܡ
ǸˮȻһµ˼ûУֻ˵һ䣺ﶯ֣ȥ𴦣
ŵ۾ѾͻȻ֮һԭֻǸͨ˶ġһһָ߶ȣɸκβˣڵĸˮ˭ǰ£˭ܰ£
ǳԽɵǿߣѾνķɡ
Ȼ˻ǹ¶ȴѸ߸ϣһ㶼Ȼܵϰ֡
Ĵһۣ⣡ܼ򵥵֡
ֳڣ˾ͻһɫĹ⣬գۼʧȺǰ
ˮҲһڹ⣬źȥ
ҲæȻ׷ˣѿȥķһҪȥ˵սԼ֮䵽жĲࡣ
ǣŻû߳һȴͻȻǰ
һʮ߰꣬޳һΪлһĳĳһ齣н齣
ϸĿ˿еĽֿ˿ˣûȴͻȻЦˣû´ӵĴɡڿջ죬ȻûгţȴҲ֪ңһİĵطĪһˣһҪ취֪˵ܼԼΣաȻûжĵľҲǴˡ
ֱ˵ȴһҲûо棬ҲЦЦ硣
ű˱ȭûĵܵܡ
סΪŻֱӰνģھ¥綼һҲ֪鲻ܹǰ꣬ҲȷʵûжԼĵ֣ܵܶĸӵϵˣҲûһˡȻ۰ԼĵܵܣΪ¾ΪͷΪ˵ûԼĵܵܡ
֮Խֻдһ£Ҫһʵ൱Ķ֣һ׵飬ο¡Ƭ̣ȷʵ㡣
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ǲǿˣ
סʵû¶ԷɣԥƬ̣ɫҽ㣬ֻдһµġ
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ⲢҪ೤ʱ䡣
һʱ䶼ûУһֱܿˡ˵ȷʵӦ˵ģʵʵڵ磬ҲߵɣʵŵĻѾܲˡ
統ȻҲŻеĲʵʲô𣿡
ͻȻãһܲˣʵʵҪ˵սǺ顣
ܺǸ˱䣿ͻȻ˹⣬ҲҪȥһͣͣǶʲôȤοǻǱ˿еš
ֻǣлЩ£ֲεĶԾҪܵǰۿɻкܴΣգһײܶҪϾֻǺ徳ʮľ硣
㲻𣿡翴ţһ㾴⡣
Ҳ£սܹһѧһЩġ˵
˿зĹâͻȻ˵ܲܺһȥ
㲻£
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תųȥûлش⡣
ȴѸܱߵι㵹˵仰ѽ
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ȻҷҪɡ仰Ц˵ģͻȻãǰܻܿԼΪѡ


102 
˳Ųʮźͣǲòͣ
ʮһСɽϣ˸ŨɫâɫâռŰɽ壬ײšţƵ죬ըףײСɽΪģܹȥת˲Ϳ쵽ǰۣŴ죬ĸ̺֮ܵȻǴʮ֮СɽȻֻನǣȴȫ赲ˡ
⾳ȷʵǿԹۿģ̾ϢһˣǵضˣҲǲܵ顣
ǰͻȻһĹĻһȼյĻǽǰĻŸոճ֣˾ײƵ죬ǹĻȴײҵҡһȴû飬ΪһֱһĻĻ֮Уʹ֮ǿס˾ҵĳ
羪ĿߵţʱţвϵͷųŹĻײ顣
ʲô徳ʮ֪ԼͷŲһĻȫƾӲ޾ˣҪ龳ſ̺֮
ҲܣĶͷϸܵĺ飬ѱˮʪ͸ȴأЩס˵ǿͳǻΪҺ״̬ת˲ɢ롣ԼĻеԷڳײʱܷһЩǿʱĻѡ
ʱһһΣǹȥӵʱ䣬ƽʱӺ̣ܶҲһٷʱ䡣ڶ˵ȴǹʮ꣬ȫĸɾźԼ໹ܼһӣܿһҲֲס֪Լͻ֮䣬ڻûпɱԡ̫ࡣ
£кֻа»ܶһᡣһۺӰͻȻŽָƮȻһֱӽڡ
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žһڵ˲ٴγұȸոջҪǿϸһ£ţǰº壬1+1=2Ľϡ
ǰѾĹĻһӾŨ࣬ԵѹҲ˲١˿ڿԿ˵ոûкʱ˵ǲܡ
磬Ļߡ
ߣ㶣ҲŲһܶס˵ĳҲûߣˣأ
ҲﲻæαҪ˵
һģȻҪһȥ˵
ЩˣҪǶסˣͶôʲô壿
Ҳǡͷ룬㲻ȰңǲߵģˣһӶᰲġ
Ų˵ʵѾ˵ǿѹȻº壬żֵҲΪǿ
ȴʱŪһСĹֻ֣סԼҪһپһ£ûҡڣ֪ˣôǿѹҲûѹСﲢûи鷳ûС˶٣ֵȻһʼûңôҲһߣˣҲš
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ǵص˲ûŵĵ¶ӿΪѾûˡҲΪûˣŲٴο˵˼ɵĵڵϡ뻹ܼһӵġ
˵Լȴһ˿жţӰȴһЩģʹգգ۾ߣι
Űһۣá
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õ˼ʱˣҪһξͲˡ
羪һȻ˵ս֪ûæӵͰűڻУתҪܡ
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ΪʲôɻĿš
սˣˡ˵ţָָ
תͷͿһɫӰӴԶһװ
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Ҳûкڣ֪죬Լֶһѡ
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ֺĿģŲûѧûˮκһ顣

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ѽƯѽŻзۺɫС飬ŷһҶЩˣôҲûмôƯĳȻ֪ʲôǴӿµĵһѾϲĲˣʱСè䣬۷ŹĿţ磬ĳ𣿡
Цŵ˵ͷСӣΪһС·ޣҲת˲˸ոմ޵ԭ
ŷһҶ½ıڻУ磬Ҷ౧һ𡣡
õģ㱧ѩΪֹ
죬ûбŰӣŷһҶϣԼǣ˰졣
صԺеʱŷһҶֲİ»ţȻתˡŰǣǣʼϴ衣
ı仯ʹʱʼˡ
Ÿոոϴ裬ڸոһ콻ŹǸӾ˹ţ
ȥģֵĿһ£ûҹ
Ҫ㡣ҲһԻı顣
Ҫң㶣æȥ
ǸΣյĽ߽С
һܴĴȴֻһˣһʮЩӡ
ʦӰŴˡӹ˵
ţȥɡ
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ɾŷˣŷһѸߴϣ˵ţ
ǡŽӦţڿŷ½Լ⡣
ŷֵһֻ
ǡѾЩˡ
óҿ
Űȡ˳ŵ˵ϡ
ŷ¶עãһ䣺Ŀ򵽣
ͷ򲻵һöұػ޵ģ˭֪ȴһֻ
ŷֿ°죬ŵһҶĳˣܲң
ҵǲģڳʱǩػԼȻһֱҲûʲôʵҵػޡ˵˼²ǳһ׽Ҳûнػޡ
ػ޵ȻŷµüͷѾ˺ܾòŵɣιˣͰᵽػ޶һҶɡ
ᵽ˰βŵǣﲻֻĵӲס𣿡
ŷҵĵӶס֮УŷʱڡŷҺ֣ĵӿ˵ͽܣȫһ˽ڡ
ŷ´ЦʲôھӲô
Щˣû뵽ôͻȻŵȻܾ˳µĳŷµĵӣס֮С
ŷֻӣһ˵ŷҵǣȻӶǽ龳ǿߡ
ųΪ˵ӣһĹܼ򵥣ԼŷһҶ档
ȻΪŷҵĵӣп󣬲ؽط
ǰǰȥõĵطѾɳˣԼûŪ̫֮ĺü춼ԼǲΡ
ڲؽУȻǸʽĽȴûзֺýĴڷŵĶǼΪͨĽֻͽнһûС
ŻûнȥΪ⼸һֱںŷһҶ棬һһ죬ǲֹԺżܵڶԺ䣬ȥǸСɽ档
ˣܿ͹졣˻ᣬһ峿ŷһҶȥˣڽһ죬ǣ߽˲


107 
Ĵţӭһһŵܣÿһŵǰ涼һǩһ鼮һŵ߹ȥࡢػࡢҩࡢħħ࣬ȻҲѧࡢķࡣ
ЩԽǰЩֱ߽ѧ࣬һķ
һŵϵ飬ǧ֮ࡣóһ˷һӵĵɫ鼮дšɽơ֣СһЩдŻƽƷ
ѧҲеȼ֣֮ɵ͵Ϊ졢ءĽףÿһַΪϡСƷڵӵķһ
龳˵ֻѧϰƽѧΪԽ߼ѧҪԽࡣҲ⣬Ŵʱһн齣ʹʱͷţô˵ſѧϰ׵ѧ
Ǳɽƣȥһһ߰࣬ŷҲϵĴ֮һѧȻǧ֮࣬Ҫ֪ػѧǼϡٵģ֪˴ﵽ˺龳òѧķʹԼľ޷ֻͣں龳һĽ׶Ρ
һ龳ǿߣǵõһƽ׵ƷѧҲܳΪػպ
һȥȴЩãԼô׾ܹѧϰѧŷңûʲôھȻŷµĵӣȻŷһҶйϵҲֵӣŻǾЩֵֹģһǲ̫һЩ
ʱżͷҲı϶ı
ͻȻͣס˽Ųͷµ£ﲻԣ
룬ﶼԣ￪ʼûжԵĵط
ŵ˵ͷҲָоιһµźĳ̶ȣŷ·ǳϲģһµʱ䣬һҲûûȥпһΣ˵һϲǲǲ
ԶԡæӵŷһҶϲҪһ쿴ѹòˡ
Уôһׯ԰ŷôǣҲӦֻӡ˵һϵңһͨļ壬ҲӦô塣
ٴνӵԶԣңԺһ£ҲˡڶԺҲûп˭һأǲһ㳡Ҳ֪һЩ˶ȥˡ
ŷĵط󡢲ؽȶȻˡ
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ǰֵһ㡣üȻһ£Ǻŷһ㽻ûУӦֻΪŮϲ㣬ͰΪӵģе̫ű߼ʡһҶϲȫҲȻͿˣûбҪΪӡ
šµ˵ͷǸһҶСҲеֵֹģҸоǺϲңûҶνӣ֪ΪʲôҪ档
⣬СôϲĶ漸Ҳ͹ˡ˶٣ֵ£˵һжһıʲôıҵ𣿡
֪ҡҡͷıһģΪ֮ŷֻһӡ
ǰŵ˵ͷʵ벻ףǶһʲôһû𣬶ԸҵĻҲûбҪŪЩŷҪɱңӦҲʲô
ҲˣŷұӵģΪ˽ӴŴ͸һ֡
ţҲֻˣڻûпҪԸҵļ󡣡˵
һǶҪСġš
šŵ˵ͷּǰȥȻǧ鼮ȴ󲿷ֶǻƽ׵ģһֱ˰죬Ҳûз׵ѧ
ʱϵѾһ롣
ɣʵڲо͵һƽƷˡ̾Ϣһ߳˲
ŷһҶûл
ŷȴͻȻŽסŵԼԷ˵ţǲǽ˺龳
һŷһۣԷһ⣬һҲûѯʵ˼һ֪顣
룬ֱ˵ǡŻҪûдﵽ龳ǲѧģףһ㱩¶Լľ磬ȻڻУŷӦ÷ֲԼѴﵽ龳ġ
㣿ŷʡ
һ㡣ʵʵĻش
ΪʲôҪʲôĿģŷµ䡣
һûԥֱ˵ѧϰŷҵѧģУ˵ŷҴյӣǱ˻ϣܹлΪʦѧϰѧһŲûѣֻǲŰŷΪʦͲ֪ˡ
ŵĻŷµɫȴҲ࣬ţʵӦһ˵ģһ˵Ϊˡ
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츳㶣Ҫ츳𣿡
Ȼŷ֣ص˵ⲻǺ徳ֻҪдѵҩػվ쳤ĥϣͿ硣龳ͺ徳ͬ龳ȫ˵ҪΪǿߣֻҪһʺԼķҪһʺԼѧЩǿҩħֲܹġ
ۣʦ˼˵츳˵ģ
ŷµ˵ͷ˵ûѧķ˶ģ㹻츳ܹ١
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ŷٴεͷ쿴ΪӣΪ츳ֻΪһҶϲĳǲΪͽġ
ŵͻȻ̤ʵ˺ܶ࣬ڲеĸֻһ̶ɢʲôıŰԼһ䣺С֮ĶȾ֮Ϊôϵļ壬ôֻܻӣⲻ֪龳Ѳ徳ͽԼΪŷҵĵӣ˱ԣȻΪ˼ҪԼȴ֪ǿԼ츳һиͺıûʲôϵ
ԼιһµİҲûʲô֣ŷ²ϲѩôһҵ̣ȻҲܺһһҲȻҪøɸɾģһ㲢֡
뵽Щĵʦһúˡ
ŷЦЦŵļȥҵԼѧ𣿡
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Ȼŷ룬ػǽ͵ģҪѡһѧػ󣬾ҪѡһܷӳѧٶȿҲȻ͵ػޣӦѡһѧ˶٣ŷֵֻܷӳǿһֲʺԼѧôƽƷѧܴ򲻹ƽƷĶ֣˵𣿡
ŵͷ
׾ͺãȥѡһʺԼѧ
ţллʦָ̡Щж˵


108 
߽˲һûд£ºһҶȥˡ
ֱ췭ĵطżȥһκ첻ͬҪעһʺԼԼĻڽ͵ġ
ǰʱ䣬ŷѧźǲû׵ģѡһƽƷѧ
ŭ
ⱾѧֻнûзأһףŵĽ䣬ŴʮѡʺԼѧ
ѧŻ׼ѡһķȴ߽ŷֹˡŷ¶˵龳Ҫܹ֮ѧϰķֻһľ磬ֻѧѧɺȥɽԻɱħ޵ķʽ硣
ŶŷµĻЩź߳˲󡣺龳ѧϰķŵ֪һЩ죬һֱΪ龳ͿѧϰķΪµػͼ׾ôصģڲ֪ԭ
õѧ֮ű㿪ʼ֮·ÿգŭУϰǸСɽϣջһ轣Ӱ겻ϡ
ϣҲûֹͣҹҹ
ÿŷһҶˣŵʦŵõѧ󲻾ãͶˡ
޴ԺУֻŷһҺţһ£ûбˡ
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ŵĽɡ
ÿһÿһжѴﵽշ磬
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ŵ˵ͷŷµ˼ֻͨϵսʹԼĽһٴ죬Ҳġ
ʱŷһҶҲУҪȥɽæҲȥ
ⲻСæɽħޣ̫Σˡ
Ҫȥ𡣡ŷһҶʼᡣ
ŷ룬ʹһҶȥɣϰɽŴתתҪɽһ¶ûС
ɽûнħ𣿡Щĵʵڻұ֤нħޣԼܹ֤һҶİȫ
ֻɽϲһЩнħޡֻҪȥɽǲΣյġȻһҶȥŷһҲġһ龳ǿߣȻκεͽħǰһӡ
Ǻðɡŵ˵ͷ

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ǣɽȴƻֺ꣬ɽ£Ϳɽɽ֣Ʈһɽ
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ţǰʦֶأһСãɺÿˣҪǿһҪ׽һŶ
ŷһҶҪɵԭˡ
ʦǶûиץ𣿡ЩƵʵΪŴҲûпһҶСá
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뵽ˣŵڶֻ˳ȥһûĽ⣬ȴޱȣֱֱŴèȥ
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һûдУèԱһֻоһʧȥèټ
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žʱһսǺԴկĴ󵱼½ಫʱҲûôʱ䡣
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ŻǴ죬ڴһƨɾڵϣҲûж
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ղţҲһֻèûĽֻצӾͰˡ˵
ŵһ𣬹Ȼڸոմ򶷵ʱž;ãԼǲѧҪɱֻèӦúסڲ飬Ѿ֤Ϊ˵ʵȫһġ
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һԭЩãһʲô״ϰ꣬ͷȴͻȻԼΪӦúǿѧȻԼӳһϰɱħ޵ʱȴ̣ǲҪϵȥͿԳԼǰĽŲ֪
磬ôˣһҶ֪ʲôʱԼǰͷ˵
ûʲôǿЦЦ
磬ǲǾڵѧǰ
ţһҶô֪žȵʵ
ǰҺʦʱǶô˵ġ
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һҶͷ룬Ȼ̧ͷһЦʦѾèˣڴëӡ
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һҶֵΪèѾ㲻ʦֵһѽ
صĺһеһʯڷ£ʵʦǴè˶೤ʱ䣿
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һҶĻʱ˷µʱ䲢
ҵһֻèһûѧǰһֱӻӽһҪüܹɱٶȱȷǻҪСħޡ

һצ
һҶ˵º󣬴èֲܿܵסԼһ¶Цݡ


109 ûõĽ
תʮȥÿ춼һҶںɽèԽڣɱһֻèֻҪ彣Ȼѧǲ磬һҲû٣ʮǰһһʱɱһֻèѾ̫ˡĽչ죬ЩèҲֲסԼһ
ΪһҶǶ˵ĽչҪЩʦֶ졣
һģڽһֻè֮ŴһҶһȥʮʱ䣬ŶѾϤÿһֻèһ̶Լĵ̣˭ҲᵽĵطȥҲܹһʱɱһֻèûܵԭ򡣾ҲԼ
ɱһֻèԺڶʱͻһֻèֵŻ⣬һҶ˵ʦ˵ĵطޣһЩèֻܵĵطңϾǽëӵĵ̣ӱèΣգֻҪпλãǾͻᲹϡ
ȻЩʦǵĻʵǰҲš
һȴ࣬ҪĴңֻҪÿ춼Щط־Ϳˡ
һΣڴһƬӲݵʱȴһ⣬ǰһֻè
ǣߵӲһʱǰͻȻһɫӰӴת۾͵10׿⡣
СãǾСãһҶͻȻŽź磬Ұץס
ãûԥĵһ죬һҶͶ˵ҪԼץһֻСá
£һҶ׷Сõͬʱźš
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ǰİӰ֣ٵɽȥ
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һ׷ܿܵǰûĵطģħѾֻèˣŻһҶ˵ĽëӣЩԾȷʵҪȴèҪ
ЩҲȻҲûǣһֱ׷Сãܿ쵽ɽ֮ϡ
šżͷͻȻ˵ϾҪӽɽˣ᲻Σգ
ŵĽŲֻӺ֣ûþȫӡ
Ҳôãǻǻȥɡ˵
ŵ˵ͷҪתߣȴͻȻڲԶУһ춯صĺУ漴ƬֳƬĵ£ֻգ֮䣬һֻ޴ĺܱŵǰ
ͷ׸ߣŻжʮԶĵطǰһԾһӾ͵ŽǰٶȾȻһҲɽŵĴè
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żһͬʱѶǱͨϸһ仯ɺתŨ֮ɫ
ûĵţŵĽѻ콣ӰźֹȥʱҲŵļͷڿз賤ת˲úͺͬСɿ£һצӺݺݵźͷȥ
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ҲɡҲ벻ףѧΪʲôôأ
Ҹղһֱܹɱͷܡų˼˵ûвǹ̶ģʲô¾ӦʲôʽȻ˵ȴֳֹĸоͻȻţԼûѧϰѧɱ˰´è֮ҲӦܹһɱĳ̶Ȱɣ˽ǵٶȡܷʽ֮󣬿ܻҪµʱ䡣
Ҳû̫࣬û£лͦˣǻȥͷûöнħ˿ǱŪֵġ
ǻܲΪС𣿡
űһ£һ뵽ºԼʵϸû𣬱ԼѧҲᣬ˵оͺ˵ԼһˣŴı졣
ٴոսĵطܹȻѾˣ±ĵͷϣȡһöɫħˡ
Ŷźʩչɼɹɼ˺ܵĽ
ƬһƬ֣ŵǽȥɣҲҩҲ˵ء
ţŵҩζһػһƷҩǽȥԼġһ˵һֱıȥˡ
ܻеС֪ˡţҲ֮С
µĴ·£Ĺ򣬾һɢŵâҩǰ
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ҪͨƷҩϼʮΪɽתꡣ
ɷħȥͻȻðһ뷨ħһϳɣ֪ܻܲȥħǱҵԣ
ϧܵħºˣ޷顣
ֻòսǬָУһɽȥ
ڵŻ֪һһ߽úõ֮С


110 ջ
СȻû׷ţǵõһ黹ǲǵߵɽŵʱ򣬲˲תΪãܲá
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ڸһȦҲûзŷһҶӰˮŵĶͷ£亹
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ҲܰɡĵطҹˣţŷһҶھɽϡǣԼؼ
뿪ʱ䲢ʱҲûУҲû˵ŷһҶ̫ܲ
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Žöɫɽ£߽ŷҵĴԺ߽ŷҵС¥
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ʲôǺһȥ𣿡βĿţ漴ҲһЩʲôɫͻȻúһɫ
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ŵĸ˱Ŀŷ£Ѿ˴𰸣ŷȻҲ֪һҶ䡣
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ʲôȥ׷Сãŷ±ף֪֪нħޣȻǿȴнħٶģƾô׷ϣ
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ҡҡͷֵ˵ͷҹˣֻ˵ţŰ߬ŵķ˳Ҹұ֤һҶûħޣȻֻһöġ
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һִ顢ѹţһŨŮűСǰһκ˶Ķ欵ף˫ǵһŨŨˮ
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ʱֻһķۺɫǶ
ŵͻȻ֮Ǻ죬ôء
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ע˫ۣڵӣɲ⣬ףһˮϣеӣ͸ˮȴ·һŻȼա
ŵԽԽȣԽԽءŮѹס˷Ӧ
һ˲䣬ŷһҶԼǰĿģؼһз·ֻʣѹϵŮӡӵܹ¼˵ħ
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111 һ·
ڼӦñģѾŷҵĵˡĵ˵֪ȷʵܶࡣ
ŵȴ³һƬޱߵĺڰ
ŷһҶôˣŲ԰׵ʵ
ʧˣҵƤʧˡ
һʱ䣬ʱңҸ𰸡֪ػһɣҲҪʱû֪ķţʱһһҶ䡣
ӻó2000ݸһ⣬ȻûлشŻǰǮ˳
ȴûнӣһĨӨЩĵܲܲҪٸǮʲôⶼǮţҿɲѣ
ŵ˵ͷ˵㡣
ת֮ȥ²֪ʱļͷ
ţлл㡣
ûлشӰһʧ׵ɫ
һͻȻԶ̾Ϣһ˵ʮΨһһ㹴󷨵ˡ
ˮ˵ٴΣҪҿ㡣ȱҪ䡣
ֻǵİȫģҾƻǵļƻ˶٣ˮֵܸоܹӳǵģԸܹӳȥҪһ
ʱߣû㡣ȸոջ䡣
ˮ̾Ϣһ˵һĹ¶įƯһöҶ

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Сһ㣬۷ʲô£Ҫ֤Լİȫ
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ŷһҶŷӶŶС˵
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Ŀһɨſ˰һϵһƥѩ׵ŷµİѩͬһŽ⿪û˵лл۶ȥ
ȷʵһƥ·ֻ̣˰ʱԼȥĻδҪʱѡ뱣ֳӦκ顣
ţһСĴӣһҲʮ˼ҡ
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תߣߵͻȻʵʱ򣬴һ߰СŮ𣿡
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112
ƶңֻƶӣûƶꡣ
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ȥųѽ߲ãųϢöȥƶӵƽһҲѵӡ
һЦҸոմӶҲ֪ƶҪǸСŮȥùüңʱΪʲôûпǸСŮ
ô˵ʲô˼ƶһŭɫǸСŮĹùüҾ·ΪʲôöȥֻǶһᣬôˣ
ƶӵĻŵҳһţƶ϶һ˵ѣѾֱ治˭˵ѣڷ̫Ź֣ŷһҶΪʲôŷӶųϹϵ
벻ת߳ţŲȥ
ûȥҶֻص˲ݣССĲݡ
նûз硣Ҳûơ
һкٻĺһ㶼á
ɫ԰׵ûһ˿ѪɫͫҲʧȥ˹˭ܿóںƣ
ͻȻ·ϣ˭Ҳ֣ΪڣһʱҪµģ
һжûб䣬ϣԶŵģҪ˯ߣҲҪǰ⡣
߽ݣŻûпڣŷһҶھŷңʱΣա
תûƥѩ׵ŷɽׯȥ
죡
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ܵúܿ죬ʱ˿ҲţһʱᵹµˣȻܵô죬Ȿһܵ顣
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ŷһҶ飬ŲԭԼҲԭԼɡ
żͷҲܲףʱ׼ˤʱ򲻰ԼҲˤšûѡܣ֪ʲôһ仰ûк˵Ҳƣʱ䣬ҲһֱûϢ
Ӳݵŷ50·ֻ̣һӵʱ䡣
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ŵǰԾڰУ˵ڶѪ
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һҶһҶŵ͵͵ĻһѪҲվסŵȥѪϡԼѪɱ˵Ѫ
ѪϦ죬Ҫ

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ᣬĶԼ󣬴԰źŷһҶȵķڱϡ漴»һۺӰӣ뿪ŷɽׯ
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Ȼȫѹסѣһûжһֱ˰ʱŰȫ֮ǰ⡣Լôʹࡣ
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һۺɫӰӵȴֻһȻҹѾǵĸֵҲ߶ʮ˿һۺɫ
һ˼ҵǰ²ų˿źŷһҶűߣ˲ͷĺˮһ䣺ҿ粻סڳϣȻֵˣôѽ
ҵԺǽֻһգ۵Ĺ¾ķ䣬ֱһͷײȥͰӵķŸײˡ
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Ȼµ˼ŽӴʱͼµĴǱȥ
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룬óԿװ򿪣˳
漴Ϳ˻еźһСŮ
Ҳ·ϰɫѪ
ţôˣĺţ¶顣


113 
ŴӻʱѾʮ֮
ʮ죬뾡һа취֪˶鵤ҩǱסŵһС
ʮʱ䣬һȦġ
۵һ̣ĴǰȦˣŰˣҪٻ죬Ҳˡ
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ϲûˣȴÿնѪֹΪҹߡ
λƣ͹ȵµ˥ߣӦ÷ҩǵҽ˵ġ
λǵµµӦ÷ҩǵһλҽ˵ġ
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λĹѪӦ÷Ѫҩλҽ˵
ѪʱѪԽѪҩ
Ѫôû
Ŀҽû¡
ŶĻͲҪҩˣһʱԼáҽıܵ
Ҳ̲סƹҾҽͣҹ
Ǯƣҽû֨ˡ
ʮ죬ͿʼĵҩǲʲôģֻҪǺҩͨͨŪ
ʵ˵ģŻѹҲĿһ漣ˡǻˣûĵˡҲЩҽȻµĶǺҩ໥֮ȴûʲôá
ûǿڣֱֱѩ׵ﶥ
һƬհףŲ֪ԼΪʲôҲ֪һʱ䶼ʲôΪʲôԼһûУһ¶ܣ
֪˶ãڸֳһ档
ŷҵԺеĺصţ˵ڶԺûʻ԰˵ԺеĽʧȻ˷ڵϵСŮ
ۣһѪٴλԹȥ
ҿŵһ£ʵҲܿ˺ܴĴ̼޲ߡ
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ȥ⼸죬ŷһҶÿ춼ŵһᣬֻһţͻޣûûˡŷһҶ׼ŵߴ̫ʵϣ粢֪ŷһҶ˭
˵ͷŷһҶٴŵķ䣬ȴѾˡ
磬ˣŷһҶ޺һͷŻУʹ޲ֹ
羪ȵĿŵҲˮˮһελ䣬˲ʹʪ˰ͷ
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벻ףڳ⣬ŶԶŻܺ͸ˮսˡ֮ʱûпŵˮ
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˭ΪʲôҪ߻ҵţ˵Щˡ
ȴûпһֱۣӶŷһҶʦãʦأ
ʦ֣ǰ뿪λʦ֣һҶոֹסĿ˵ϣ϶˵ʱ䷢顣
һҶ˵ҲɽһҶʧٵľ
ԭź¸ո뿪ãһȺ˰һҶץȥ˰죬ȴŷסһҶȻ֪ôҵԼģЩȴȫŷµĶ֣һսЩȫŷɱֻһŮ˳һҶŷ²ûܾȳԼŮ
Ů˴һҶĸһ·ְһҶһӶš
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ȻӶһ˴һҶص˼УһҶۿĸһȺɱȺ˶ˣֻʣһ
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ⱲӣҶ޷ԭԼңͲᷢ飬ʦ˵ûȷʵûʸϡ
ţ𣿡缱ŷһҶûй㣬ʲôȥץСõģץʲôϵ˶٣Լô˵ЩԣֻһοͲ֪ץ𣿡
ҡҡͷһʹı˫ۣ˵ĻŵֻΣκ˵Ȱ衣һҶĴݲУſܲŷ·ˣҲôΡ
һۣŷһҶԺе龰޷ԭԼ


114 ĥ
û
ֻҪ˻ţʲôֵĲĺ
ԣڹ֮ѾѪ
ֻǣµʱ䣬Ѿһˡ
ҹҹһ죬һʱһ֣һ붼û
Ƿϡǡһ겻Ϊ飬˾ƣѿκ
ǷϵˣúĿ꣬ûĿεδǹޣδֶǹޡ
ŻúĿֻ꣬оƵĵطȥ
оƣҲߣֱ粻ٸȾƣŲ˳
籾ţֶЩŲ֪ôһͲܶˡ
ǣҡҡλε߳ҵĴţߵ˴ϡһʻϳĴصĸһӣͬʱѽ·мߵ
һӺݺݵĳϣʱѪûȥҲûҸϳ󺺵鷳ֻЦЦһ仰Ҳû˵ҡҡλεǰߡ
һ˫۾ֱֱĿǰȴ֪ӭҲ֪ȥ·ϵˡһʮҵٸ·ȴһбײٸļϡ
ٸһС
Եһŭһץסŵ죬ƹƹһżʮͣ۾˭òõϷӵŮˡ
ȴûпһۣҡҡλεļǰߡ
ӼŵӣҪǰһ٣ȴŮסС˵ˣǸƹ
仰˵û˼ʮ֮һת߽һҾƹݡ
۾ʲôȿ·ϵҲϵˣŵıȴ飬۾һֱֱֱǰûпߵĵ̣ȴֱӾ߽˾ƹ֮С
ƣþƣƹе˲࣬ŽžһϣȺҪơ
ƿ˿ţ̨ܵϰ壬Ʋ
ƵģȻҪƹˡ
Ƶͷһ̳ǰЦ˵үҪʲôˣ
б۾Сһۣһеľ̳Ŀڣ͹һ̳һ͸⣬һ룬һ롣
̳ûзϣŵȴѾϣϾһˡ
СļŵŵܵϰǰƹģǸƹ˯ˣô죿
ƹһۣ˻٣˯Űɣ˯˵
һ˯˲һʱ˹ͷû̧𣬱㿪ʼƣҪơ
СƹһۣƹҪǮǮٸơ
СŵŵܵǰЦ˵͹٣ոȵ̳ƻûиǮøǮǲơ
ǮʲôǮб۾СһС˵ӡ
СüͷЦʧϣǮ˾ƵȻҪǮ
Ǯʲôܺ𣿡ͷ˰Σ˵
Сתͷ˿ƹġ
ƹͷĻ˻֣ӳȥ
֪ʲôطͻȻܳˣһ̧ŵϰһ̧ŵȣӾƹſһơű㵽˴ϡ
ˣһ죬صˤ˵ϡ
û͵طһŵڽֵ롣
һʱźţѹţֻͣΪһߣһ
ϵĴſ˰죬ݺݵ裬㡣֮ǰñӳŵǸ󺺡
קŰ˦˳ϣųȻֱǵη
ͷ󺺣Цӭֵͷ˵ڼ͵ĺ֪ͷû
ˡҪ׷ˣû뵽һƹһ£׷ˡ
˭ô󵨣ͷĳͷЩƣʵ벻˭ôĵӡ
ͷһ˵һ߰Ŵӳק˳޺޵ӣҹҺúչչ
İͷ°ϡͷ鷳ǾҶӵ鷳һúչչ۵ġ
ãˡͷ˱ȭˡ
תͷһץŵͷ͸קһηС
ʱѾˣֱֱĿͷƣҪơ
ҪƣţҸþȥ
Ӷ˻һɫˮݸţſûͷ͹˽ȥȻǰһ͵Ҫ
Щɵˡ
Щֻһľһʱ䣬ÿ춼Ƶ¶ȹġ
ܶˣһĽǣæܵϣ˴һƹ䡣
ʱηپҰ˳
ڽĬĬţڵſһЩϻһЩѪЩıȴ͸ޱȵ
ţÿþԼٹ˴һ٣ǲǣʵ̲ס˵
ų˳ӣ˵ȷʵһЩʱ򰤴Ҳ
緭Űۿţ˵ٴˣǴε鲢㣬ûŷһҶץǼ飬ŷ·ҲģôɱϼţȻǺŷгֹķ㶮𣿡
Ų˵ÿ̸ŷҵʱŶ˵
죬ҲھЩ⣬ΪÿһᵽŷһҶŵɫͻúѿʱѾ˵ĲֻٷֻҪһᵽǸŮ³һѪʱĺ֣֮ôѪ硣
ǿŲҰ׵ɫֻѹŷҵ顣
ÿ춼ôڣȥ˾ͻˣ¡Ҳ̲סһץסŵļ򣬵˵˵ѽŷɱģʦҲ£ھҲãҲãôЩҲӦòˣ㲻һֱԼһֱȥ𣿡
ŵһʹòŵΪŷ·򸾣ΪһҶҶԲ
ΪŷһҶ㶣ڲǺܺʦһܿ࣬㵣ʲôģ
ܺãſЦЦͻȻôãôã
ΪôãŻ󣬡ĸĸˣһӣȻѹʹޣʱ䣬һǵġ
ǣܡ۾ɵϴ󣬵Ҳʧȥĸʹ࣬ǣԼܵ˺ôǣ
ܵ˺ٴסǵŷһҶʱȻڻ֮Уҿ϶һҲûСʱϸļ
ʲôˣʵ
ű۾ǾѪüἫ˵ǿˡ
ǿˣ翴ţãһֿ϶˵ܣ


115 ı
ſЦܣʲôܣۿģҲܣ
ϸĻһŷһҶʱΣȻٴο϶˵ûбǿҿúһƶûУǸط
㶵Ŀ磬㶮𣿡
ɵ̲סʼ󺰣ֻһСŮıǿôûˣ
㶵Ŀ硣
ּ˵һΣԣ㲻ǵһҲˣһĺӡ
˵ԼסˣͻȻһ飬סţĿǿ
ŵͷ
Уʵ
ٴεͷ
ô֣ص˵Ҹҿ϶һӡ
Ǻӣ
ǣûһĺӱ˵ġ˶٣˵ػһ޵Ůˣ˵ԶһʮСŮģȴޱȣ֪˶ޡ
ŷһҶ
˭˵ģ
Լŷҵˡ˵ŵһֹĸоָоԼŷҵʱһֱڡǵģһеһжŷԼ˵ġ
ֹЩһҶץߣҲԼ˵ģŲûпŷ·򸾲ҲŷһҶ˵ģҲûпŷΪʲôԼȥܹҵŷһҶҲ֪
ģֻŷһҶǿ˵һСŮˣôҲпŷһҶޡ
ǬָͻȻһ˿춯ˡհ͵ķ֮¾ͻԹȥһֱ£ź϶١
æ·˳£ˣ
ţ˯һС˸˵
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˼˯ôʱ𣿡ͷš
ʱԵѾɵˣһֻ˵ĳҲû˵顣
ʱȴ˵ι磬һ˵鲻߱ˣȻҾ͸ͷû
š㶵ĵͷһ׹æݺݵҪͷ
˵߱һ˵ҲŸͷܲ˼˵ѽ˶٣ͷ㻳ɱСʵ
ʵ㶵Ŀ£˵ʵ̫ˡ
ðɣȻ㲻ţСʶʶ˵ţµССצһ;һ̣Ȼ˾Ͳܶˡ
һûˣЩûԹζżÿ춼Ҫôһ¡
㣬ˣұ֤˭Ҳ˵ҵҲ˵ҷ˰ɡ
Ǻðɡ»˻֣һȣָ
һ½ǣ羪ȵ½ֻҲ㻹ġ
˭㣬Ҫ۰׿˼С㣬˼һûء
˺ˣˡ˵»˵飬ĲҪ˵ȥ
֪İɡظ֤
ЦЦȻ硣⼸µʱ䣬ΪšѾһУŶС֮ĸ飬ֵһȻҲǰ˵ˡ
һ޿ٻصļУϸĥЩ飬Ҳ֪ԺһС
һ裬Ȼһ޶ڴϣһڵ£ŷһҶпܾޣ˵ϲһȴ춼Ҫ棬Ȿһֵ顣
ŵ˵ͷȷʵô˵ʱΪСӵԣϲĶ漸Ҳˡڿȷʵܿɡ
ּ˵춼һ֪һ˵ʱıҲһСӣһʱǴһ˯һ顣
Щʲôʵ
룬ʱڿ飬ʱʱȴǴ磬һͷʱϴ綼ñ˰æҾʹҲûпͷ
Щǰôûк˵ʵ
µҴҲû뵽һӡ˵ȷʵ˭Ҳ뵽һ㡣
ŷһҶĲһӡ
ſʼ˼ôеһжһıһʼǡ
ŷҵһ߽һı֮С
Ѵ֮ͽ˵ԺһĪľͿŷһҶںɽϿޣһСӣСèҲӦһܵɽϿޡ
ȻԼĪĳŷҵĵӣΪֵһ㣬ŷº͹Ϊ츳ԭǸϵ츳˾ԲֹһΪʲôôһֱֻӣҪĻô
һҶץߣҲԼ˵ġŷ·򸾵ҲŷһҶ˵ģһжһıôǿܸûһȺɱŷһңΪʲôһְ飿˭һĺ飿ôɫΪʲôŷµӹΣ
һıôһò
һֱֻ֣벻ҪԸԼɣûгңҾУţŷҪɱԼһѵ飬һܿĳȻЩɻȴҲûлɹʲô
ڲͬһıôǵĿľͲҪɱԼԼǷϣһôķˡû磬ŻȥҲһӹȥҲҲٱɱ֮
⵽ǲһıŻǲȷǣôıӦòŷҾͿʼģŷô֪Լȥŷң
û߽Ǽݣ֮ǰԼҲ֪ŷҡ

뵽һһжǴĿ֪ġ
ͨ󣬿Ǿٴͨôһ֮䣬֪һУңΪʲôԼڶУԼոոϵǱ߾͸ոȥ
ҲһıһΪŵݻ־һֱһֵ֮УȻٸһ
뵽ôͨҹô׵ı裿˵Լе龰һֱΪ²ǷһֹʱɹˣԼڻʲô˼Σʱ˼ңǲǻӵǷϣ
ˣẦ
̾Ϣһ뵽Լʵǰ﹫ӱһ꽽Уһĸ֣Ҳôѿ
ʦأ˵ѧһֱΪԼҪһʱ䡣ͻȻ֪ǲĲѧ
Ĳᣬôıĳʼˡ
վȥ
ţȥģʵ
ȥһʦ


116 ɱ
֣ݡ
ﻹûʲô仯һжǰһֻǴʱжһЩ˶ѡ
ССУ֮⣬ŷһҶʦ֣ңŷ·򸾣ǹȻû
ֻǣƶ򸾣ʱҲС
ôŷһҶ˵ġ
ûкȾƣֱӳԴ򣬿Ҫȥ¡ӵ
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ȥ£һ֤ʦǲʵĴ֮һ˵ģ˶٣˵֤ˣôͲǰǷϣǵļƻʧˡ
ô֤ŷһҶ˵ʦ˵ѧҲţһ޷֤
ޣʵҪ֤ܼ򵥣ֻҪɱʦȻ֪᲻ѧǲǸˡ˵
ȻƺŷһҶΪޣȻޣ
ɱʦЦЦµ֣һˣôôǷϣôΪǵƶһ겻񡣡
Ը²֡˵
ǴˣʦȲŵѣҲŵˣȻµ֡Ǵ⴫ģվȻǸˮ
ˮҹͻȻĺ
һӰͻȻͳǰ԰׵¶įˡ
վУˮĿһۣ˽ˣҲ˵ҲһʥˡڱΪѾ㵱ѣˡֻϧˣʲôѡ
˵ţˮɨһ飬Ƕһ
Ÿˮ˽ŵӣ㲻ֻζѡ
ֻһۣҲ֪ʲôˡˮһֹ¶ΪңͬһˡֻаͺޣټĮݺţһ죬ǻڡٴɨһۣˮ˵ǰݺ˲ͬ
û˵ȴ˵ˮ֮飬һΪʲô˵ôࣿ
ˮ˵ֻǲףǰҪԸģǽӽ⾳ˣҲҪ龳ϵģһΪʲôֻ֣Ǹոս龳ѡ
ͺûйϵˡ˵Ȼ㲻ˮǶ˵ɱʦôǵļƻʧˣӦô
Ǿֻɱˡŷ˵
ҪɱǺαطôľ޽ӵɱ˻ġ
Ҳûа취˵ȷʵѶԸ£Ȼܱһѣʼĩɱʦٴһ壬ҲٴǷˡ
ǵȻˮͻȻ˵ڵѾǹ룬ٶ֡
ˮͻȻӵÿһˣ˶ᱻɱһΣҲɱô
ߣˮһΪǰЩ˶ܲջȻܿǰǸˣûܹŵĻ꣬ΪʲôҪɱţ˶٣ˮֵ治ôģ±˳ƺˡ۲ۣ˵ʲôɱ֮ͲʵˡѾʮûɱˣҲûɱˣʵôʮˣǺ⾳һѡ
֪еԭ𣿡ͻȻᣬǰҲûĶԸˮ˵
ˮȴһʹΪ⻰ΪǸʵģǸˮǻشȻɱˣĿĻһģ˳̬СˣǲġҪȫԸġ㿴һ춼ڸʲô֪ˣ˭ʵӽôȥѰȢƻСˣôܻнôܻΪ۷ǿߣ
ھѾ۷ǿߣ˵
ߣԶܡ
أֻ˵ˣ㻹ǺһʮҲûһȸոջ䡣
ˮһʹĿ˵ûǰҸˣԴӿһҾͰԼˡǣҺȴһһҴҲûҪʲôǿߡڶҸ±ԽȥˣУֻһֻһ㡣
ҹȥָŸˮı˵Զҿ㣡
Ӱһʧȥ˸ˮӰ
޿Ÿˮովĵط᲻ţ
ң
Ҳҡִˮϣܻţ֪ˣҲ׾˵ġ
ߡһھȥɽ׻᲻ɱʦܹ֣Ǿɱ

ûз磬ȴҲû⣬ĺԲޱ޼ʵƺڳѹ·˵ͷ
䣬䡣
Ҫ£Ʋ꣬Ӧûѩ
ɽʱվµǰƿţ߽֮С
һС治ֻһӡ
һͿʦ
ʦľ㣬ͺŵһʱһλöûб仯
ʦŻһ
һ֮ʱʦûлشҲûпţ֪ѶһˣҲǸԼ˵
ЦЦһߵʦǰȡеľ㣬һֻȡеİ鳡
ʦ̧ͷŵʲô
ŵĲѧ
ᡣ
ŶһһϣбһϸҾɱ㡣
ˣΪʲôҪɱңʦͻȻЩˣѿܶࡣÿһˣƵֻҪװһӣһʱľ㣬Ȼ˵һĪĻҲѧֻľ㣬ѧҿԽ㡣
ֻҪЩͻ˸ܶǮ󲿷ֵĻ󣬶һȥȻҲľ㣬ʦֶһһʱľ㣬ֱΪֹõʱһˣʦǵ꣬˻һˡ
ʱ򣬱˸ʦǮ
ˣʦһֱú⣬
ǣȴҲûˣҲû˰ľÿû˶óһʦˣһֱúǮףֺܶ࣬Щǿ׳СӻҪࡣ
ֻҪ㲻ɱңҿԸǮʦ˵
ȴҡҡͷҲ֤㲻ѧ
ұͲᡣʦ˵˶٣˵Ҫôܹ֤
ܼ򵥣ɱ㡣˵ţŴ̳еĽһ̴ʦš
ȻᡣŵϾ¶һЦݣ˿ҲûΪɱһ˶аѹͲ̡
һ̵ţǹ롢ٶ֡


117 ǹ
߳µĴţȴǰ治ԶվһȺˡ
ŷ·򸾡ŷһҶʦ֡ƶꡣ
ţɱʦ𣿡ĵ˵
һЦѾȫˡȴһ仰Ҳû˵ͻȻԾֱײ£ɽȥԾͬʱͷͻȻһĻ棬ڡ
µĺ壬ٶ࣬ת˲͵˰￪⡣
˿ͻȻܣȴûԳżӣǲĸں棬һ߻һ졣
λѡ̫ˡ˵
ǰŷ½˹ȥĵطΪ˽׼ġ
ˮ˵Ųһˣ˵Ļ׼𣿡ƶ˵ġ
׼ƨ޽ӿڵôҪǻŻţҲûлıҪˡκһˣܹɱŰɡ
šŷµ˵ͷߵӵֵܵʵͣҲ˺龳㣬ҪɱҲʲô⡣˶٣ŷ¼οЩ龳أ
ɽߣȴҲӵʱ䣬ž͵ɽ
ɽȴͻȻסǰһ£һݴҲȥ濴Ʈ죬ж
ϸĴһߵĵΣû·ŵǰһ涼ǱֱͱڣΧСһȣԱܵģȴǱֱ⻪ɽڣû·ߣűסȥ·
ѹһ㶼żɽɽһ·
ѾЩɽΪʲôɽˣȾˣ֮С
ת£ſ˲
ţ㾹ȻɱʦһΪ㲻ɱ˵ء޻˵
Ϊ㲻˽ҡſޣͻȻЦˣޣ
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̾ϢһûޣǿΪʲôҪôг𣿡
ҡҡͷǵȻûг𣬵ǵг𡣡
ˣͣסƬ̵ϣֻһглܡ
ȻѾ֪ˣαʣ˵
סû뵽ܾȻԼȻ֪ԼĴڡ
Ƭ̺ЦݸŨԭֿʼˣôˣ˳ԶҲʲôˡ
ţŵĻͻȻסΪʲô˵Ļ͸ˮ˵ƣ
ΪҺ͸ˮͬһˣǵȻᶮ˵ţŻĿһۣǽҪɱҵİɣ
˵ͷţ㱾ԻúܺõģֻҪ㲻ʦһӶ鷳ֻϧ㻹ˡ
úܺãĻŽܺãЦ˵˵ͬʱͷȡ
Ҫȵǳ˵һ֣ܺǹȣɳǱȥҲûܹȵףѾܹʱеĺ⾳ǿߣҲȵףŷػ޵ˣͬǱȥԣȥĻһĻᶼеġȥǳˡ
Ŷſ˵ҿɲʼ⣿
š˵ͷһֿҪ˵ķϣʲô벻׵ʰɡ
ػû㲻֪飿ʵ
ôأôı£ͨ£ֻ˿ϵˣŻ֪ҵĴڡ
Ϊʲô֪㣿ʡ
룬ǸѰɣЩ˰ŵģ˵ֶΣһС֪ҵĴںףһ⣬һشҲףֻҪעһ㣬ʲôȻǰ֪ģţ˵𣿡
ŵ˵ͷһˣȷʵףֻû뵽ܾȻǸʱ򣬾ѾҪԸԼˣɴ˿͸һս֮Ȼ˶ԼûɱԼĸӣô꣬ȴһֱڹעԼܿԼһУûӳܵ۾
˿ʳ˵⣬ݺһˣΪʲôҪôһŷң˵ţſŷ£ػĴҼҲҪΪ߹𣿡
ŷ´ЦشţĺܲŷһҶǼٵģΪ𣿡
ôһҲǼٵģžȵ˵ô˵ӦòΪŶôһɽׯɡ
ŷɽׯģֻǰŷѾˣɽׯͱһլ㻹ʲô𣿡˵
ûˣкܶģڿһЩҲûˡ
ܺáǰһǾͶˣΪһңһġ
˰ɣǴα軹ϷҿġЦЦ˵ϧҲһȺɱҵġ
Ŷ¶ϲɫǱͲɱŵģ޵ţҪԼĻǻǻġ
ͲҪˡɨһۣڳÿһ˵ӶסȻתɲǹȡ
Ǵ̶ķŵ֮СۣԺгһӰԬģкģȻҲµģ롢ç໨硭
һ˲䣬˺ܶˡ
ļǵã35꣬Сһ꣬34꣬»ţںһѾһʮĴˡԼ꣬22꣬һߴçСһ꣬21꣬໨çСһ꣬20ꡣԼСֻ꣬12ꡣ
û뵽Լոճһ꣬Ҫˣ֪󣬻᲻ΪһѪɫǾޱ᲻ΪȥǾޱĴ̣
֪Լˣʲô衢å֪ˣΪһġ
Ųȥ
һֱ³³żһɻǱʲôֲᵲһŵ壬ȴ̱ѹϣŻǻ³
ʵ̫ˣٺŵٽӴκζۣ͸žǷ֣ͱھԶԶԭЩͱڲǴֱģǳһ«״Խ£ΧĿռ侹ȻԽ
Ϊ˲ȥԬ˵ӰźĵģǱ㼯о۲ܵĿռ䣬Ƿֻ֣һɽȣھȻʮĿռ䣬½ΧĿռ侹ԽԽϰֱҲܵʯڡ
³һֱ
ȵжΪʲôڻûеȵף
ȴŵĻʲôǵ÷
Ȼǲܵġ


118 ŷ
һƬˮ峺
һ߰СŮںϴ裬һˮһǱˮУһˮȥˮļңڵӣ˲ܲ뵽СŮǲǾˮеġ
˵һŹ͸һ˵㡢ɰ
СŮǱˮ˼ʮףٴˮʱһֱЦݵСȴͻȻ̧ͷ濴ȥȴһӰٵĴӿź
Ŀһ⣬СŮǺӰһˣֻһֻһӣһͺˮһĹĻͻȻСŮϷ
漴ڹĻ֮ϣǹĻΪҵʮ㣬Ȼ˰ѹĻ飬Ǽ׹Ҳһ裬ٶȽ࣬ȻˮУˣǾ޴³֮ҲǰѺ漤׸ߵ˻
СŮ龰æεµĵطźǱȥ
Ůȫˮ֮ʱͻȻһȦĹâΧĺˮƵ˹Ȧ֮⣬Ů֮䣬Ȼγһˮĸ
һֱǱʮŮҵǸˮˣһʮ߰꣬ЩɫЩ԰׵ꡣ
Ůһ֣Ǵ˸ˮƶˮŮǰŮһ˹Ȧ֮С
һۣ˫۽գû֪зıǶˣоһ˿Ϣ
ûãţǧǹˤȻܻţ绹ʵŮһһȥһҲû뵽ҪŪһĻһ׹ͷٽʵˮУʱҲѾķˡ
ҼˣŮǸҲɡ
ܿˮ棬ŮߣһʯȥһԵơŮСֻ߰ģȴܴһѡ
ŪЩŮŽ걳ϣŸߵĲꡣ
ŮٴһЩ˭ǿǰ龰һΪŲĴŮҪ
˭Ҳ뵽ŮȻͺˣ걳ϵʵһҲء
˰ӵʱ䣬³һѵˮոںûٺȡ
ֱ겻ˣŮ´ʯϸСһӣϱһĹĻǹĻֱȫ漴һڡ
ڹĻȫ֮˫ۣôײ֮Ȼô̵ʱھ˹
磬СŮͷ˵
ţãתԴ¿һ£漴վ˻ֽţȻԼһ¶ûС
ǣϸһ£ԼʱײϹһعĻɻĿ˿ǰСŮң
˵أСŮƤգգ۾ЦеĿꡣ
ӣֿһ飬ִ˴ûбˣɾǰСŮԼæСãллˡҽţʲô֣
Ÿ磬ҽŷһҶСŮ˵
ʲôֱ֣ӴӴʯͷԵڵϡ
СŮһæȥŷŸ磬˻ûк𣿡
Щ£ϸĿ˿ǰСŮãⲻ޵
ûոֻͷЩΣһˤöˣöˡ
Ǻǡ״εӣСŮ̲סЦ˳
ѽŴҲûпĵطǰһƬϿԶһƬȺɽǸָĻľżģҲûġΧĿռ䡣
֪ġ֪СǰȥһҲǰš
ﲻӦ˼䣬Ӧɾ֮ǰž벻ǹȵף˴һƬأĵط
СŮѽŸ磬ͳȥˣ㻹ȥҼҰɡ
Ǻðɡ룬лܵˣӦòݺԼˡǱŷһҶȥ
һҶıǰ棬һһҰһȥ׷һЩСˣ
ûһ̰ŷһҶ¶Цݣһ߰СŮ޴ҲûйģȻģ£СִĴװġ
һƬɭ֣תƬʻĲݵأǰֳһ޴ׯ԰޴ϵҶдǸ޴֡ŷҡ
⼸֣ȻһҲиŷңô£
һҶְŷҵļ𣿡̲סʵ
Ÿ磬ô֪ѽһҶĻش
ǣŲʵְֽŷ£
ʲôŷѽҰְֽŷ塣
ŶźݺԼһ£Լ̫ˣĻôɺϵ飬ŮǼŮٴο˿Ҷдŷҵĸ֣Ȼðһ뷨ѵŷңŷң
ڴŵԱ߻һСţŮһӣһĹâСű˿
磬Ҵȥְ֡˵ţŮŵ֣ͿŷҵĴš
ڣһ޴Ĺ㳡ŷҼΪƣֻ㳡ǸŷҵĹ㳡Ҫࡣ
㳡֮ҲǸô壬ʱڹ㳡кܶˣҲǧ֮࣬Щеں˶еڵ䣬Ҳеһ˵Ľ£뻮һŸֶһ޴䳡
ŷһҶ߹ÿߵ˶еĺкСʦãôѽ
Сʦã͵ܳȥˣʦһ㣬Ƿղɡ
Сʦ壬콻ƺѾܹۼһˮԪˡ
ÿһкˣŷһҶĻӦţЩУȴûţűЩ֣ôˣôûһԼǴġϸ룬ű׹кüǧˣȻÿһʶǵȻ˶ʶŮԼĺ棬ȻΪԼҲŷҵˡοһطҲͲǰ
һƬʺУߵ˵ڶԺ䣬ﾹȻҲŷҼһҪһЩҲǰٻʢĻǲּȫŵġʮ£ǽ붬ȵףȴһҲûжĺ䣬µĻڿŨµĻҲޡ
ϸĻɫʯ̳ɵСŷһҶ˵Ժ䡣
żΪϤ龰
󣬲ؽݡһ١
߽ǸϤС¥֪Ǽסĵط
֣裬һոţһҶʹĺš
ߣͻȻһúһ֪ܳȥ棬쿪ʼ죬Ҳȥ
ŷһҶͷһһҲûкµı飬ȻΪʲôҪ졣
ԽԽˣڲһʲôСˣԺٲܳȥˡŻһʮҵ˴˳


119 ͽ
ӷ߳˵Ȼŷҵļŷ塣
߳ȻͿţ΢һ£ȻԼеʱûзŵĴڡ
Ҫ˵ȴͻȻоһǿľԼΧȻȥ
ɾŵľҪǿ
ŻеǴ˵зӡʦ֮ñߵмϢ赲֮
ǣǿľ£˿Ҳ𲻵һãֻ΢΢谭һ£Ǿֱ룬̼塣
žԼ͸һ㣬жɾ̽ĸɸɾǬָеĶûӹԷ̽⡣
ֹˣǾŵԺŵļ侹ҲǾ֪һСʱµһһΣҵĶԹԹŷӶŵľԼԺ飬һֱ£ŷһҶ𣬴СһĻĻһһ֣γһĿ쾵ͷ
ЩģֱǾƺȥŵͷԲŻָ
Ŀǰŷ壬ֳŭ֮ɫȻŷҵļ󣬵ûȨ̽ҵ˽űߣȻɾԺηֻǾ̫ǿûѡ
ŷۣšһĻĻĻ֮Уŷ嵱ȻѾ֪ŵ֣Ϊ㲻ŷҵˣҸոûиӦϢⱾӦǲܵ飬Ҳܲ
ߣһûȨ̽ҵ˽ֻǹ۲ϵĶҲͰˣƾʲôȡҵļ䡣
Ϊŷҵİȫŷ˵ͬʱҲΪǿ
㶣ʲôϵ
ŷŷ֮ǵŷҵ˶ݣ͸Էġ
Լɱģŷ˵ӦŷҶ˵ĺˣԼɱˣŷҲɸոյļ֪֮
뵽ˣһȫ䱸ŷ᲻Լ֣˭Ҳ֪
ȫ䱸ӣŷȴһЦţ㲻ҪţǶǼǰˣһظҪ㱨ĳ̶ȡɱˣҲΪǳ˵ԭ򣬿óһ֮ˣȻҲᱻܺ£ŷʱӭļ롣
£㶣ŷҵˣҲûŷ徹ȻԼ
ŷЦŵ˵ͷôߵĵطˤܻŵĵΪֹֻһǡɱһҶ£ֱ˵ŷԵҪµȻԡҲҸոǿеԭΪҲһթС˳Ϊŷҵĵӡţϣܹ⡣ϾŷѾ̫֪꣬ܲ
ŵ˵ͷеŭʱѱ˷ȡԼƭΪ˳ΪŷҵĵȻŷңҼ˵Լ£ŵȻˡ
ֻǣڸ˵ͬʱŻһЩģϾ鲻֪Ҳˣʵ𣿡
Ȼϣ㽫Ҫ˵ȥ
ã뿪Ҳһ˵飬۶˭˵֣ص˵
ŷЦŵ˵ͷ㣬ոտóһˡ
ҲǾӡžбҪ˵һ¡
֪ҲСˡңҴҲžӡ
ЦЦڣŷҵĵˣ
ţ㣬ֻŷҵͽ
ͽͽǵӣŲͽɶ˼
ǣҪΪŷĵӣͱҪݡ
ݣڿԴ𣿡
ŷҡҡͷУڻȥȻѽ˺龳㻹ҪѧһЩѧĻܹݡ
㶵Ŀŷ壬ѧĻʲô˼Ų֪
ŷЦЦЩԺ˽㣬ֻҪùò˶ʱ䣬ͻΪŷĵӡĳɾ;ԲֻЩסҽ˵Ļڽһ죬ػ½¡
ֻһͨͨСſЦֻҪܹɱ˻ΪױˣɲΪҲں
ǺǡŷˬʵЦЦû˵ʲôҲŲ֪츳жྪˣŷ֪ľߣӵжԵĻټһǿػޣȻػŷҲв֣ܹӵкһʵһǿ󣿽벻ҲС
οӵľԱ˵ҲûʲôֻʶһЩѧϰϳͶһЩЩʵûʲô
ŷͲͬˣŷҾǰصķӡʦΪǵ伣ӡʦŴػʧ
˭Ҳ֪ӡʦжôǿΪڸû˼ӡʦȻҲû֪ӡʦֻ˽гģֽħʦֻ߲ܳΪħʦ
ħʦ˵߱жǿһָãӵԵ˿ʵ͵ȼһӵԵĺ龳ǿߣһҪʱ䣬ӵгǿľΪһħʦôֻܿҪ¡
Ȼڻ֪Щò˶೤ʱ䣬ͻס
ӿŵһŷµҲһŨŨڴ
ػϵĴңҡϹҡĽҡŷҡ
ҶϣֻŷһǣѾԺҲˡ
ĴʮһεĴѾϰûлʤˣ˵ʤѡʸûСʱ仹в͵һδˡ
ŷţһεĴŷһһˣϣϣŷҵϣ
ˣһţ֮ڣҲֻҪһ꣬Ϳ԰һꡣ
ţһһҶĴתתϤϤŷң͵ѧԺѧѧĲˣݡ
Ÿ磿һҶҲùؽ𣿡
ξˣ´Σ죬ҲһȥѧԺѧϰ
ǣϰ֡ŷһҶ˵ԭر£קžܳС¥
űлŷ˵ȴŷһҶӲ˳ŷһҶ˻СȴܴҲ֪СѾͷʲôľ磬ֻаѽ
ŷһҶţ߱ߵ磬ȥѽ
ô֪ˣһҶΪŷҵĵӺͽʲôͬѽűŷģŷһҶ˳ھֻˡ
ѽΪӿȥѧķѽŷһҶͷ˵


120 
ŷҵѧԺһܴĸ¥ܹͽ
ŷҹѧԺűֵѧԺ
ѧԺŷҲԶľŷһҶ߽һңǰдź龳ѧѧϰ֮࣬ǰŻܶңЩֱǺ徳ǰѧϰࡢ徳ѧϰࡢ徳ʮѧϰ࣬ħѧϰࡢҩѧϰ࡭
һ·ϣſۻҡ
͵ǰŷһҶŶȥ
һҶ㲻ѧϰ𣿡ʵ
磬ѧϰءŷһҶָָŶĽҡ
ſ˿Ǽϵӣдħѧϰࡣ
ħʲôŴҲû˵ħ֣Ҳû˵
ħþٻȻԪ飬ùĻס͸ƶõħѧϰˮħְ˵㴳֮ҲҪѧϰħأΪҲԣһߡѧһħ㽫Ҳаġ
ЩŷһҶ˼ˣȻ̫Ҳܲ¸ţΧռĻۼһȻ۳ɻ򹥻ˣǾ㹻ǿ󣬱Ǿ۳һƬҲûпܡôܹۼӦþѧϰ˰ɣš
һҶ֮УкܿʱѾһٶѧԱȴһҲԵӵ
ӦöǺ龳ľɣϵҹȻͬ죬еĺ龳ҲδнЩ˶ɡ
˳Źźȥһֱߵһţһλ
ԱһŲ꣬괩һɫ·߸ݵģԼԣк٣İɣǰûأոս龳
ǰŽ龳ġʵʵĻشȻĻʵŵıȴԵüΪ档
ŶʵҲյû졣ҽзʲô֣
ҽš
ţһһȥϰòãҶʶҲԸϰ
ϰʲôƵʵ
һ֪ˣʦˣΰɡ
÷Ļæǰ濴ȥ̨վһλʮŮӣһصȹĴһȦ۹ŵͣƬ̣Ѿףû˵ʲô
ֱ֣ûһ˵ŷһ飬
ϸŮʦεݣʲôѧĻˡ
һÿΣŮʦڴﵽ龳֮˵ľʶں徳Ҫǿ30ңʱ򣬾Ѿţܹ֮ϣս֮ʱܰѶ㲻Ҫ۾ȥҲҪöȥֻƾľ׼ȷֵ֪λãʲôֵѧٻ񣬶ܹƾһϢ֪Էʵλá
ǽ龳ҪѧģȻԳɲһǿߣֻܹ徳ˡ
żǵãо֮ʱԼʮ˽ûԷ½ǣԷֻһԼ޷ܡ룬Ҳδؾѧѧһϰֻһ㣬ڲ֮أû£ԼѾˡ
ֻǣҪôϰأ
ŵʱ򣬽̨ϵŮʦѾʼˣϸţŮʦһǰʱ
Ůʦͽô࣬ǾԼϰɣסֻĵͽħȸߡ׺ϰУʲôʱܹһɱˣòˣڼǿԲΡ¿Ρ
¿Σе˺һͶվת˲˸ɸɾȻǶҺԼͬ飬ʱֻʣźͷ
Ҳ߰ɡſŷ˵
ţߡߣһһ˵ʵҼǰѾҪˣֻΪûҵͬ飬һֱġ
һ˲ϰ𣿡ʵ
ҲԣҪѺܶ࣬⼸ħٶ̫죬ͨ˶ϵ£ŻȽףһῴ֪ˡ
ߵǰʱŮʦͻȻ˵ţ
ʦô֪ҵ֣һ㶣ò˵ʦã𣿡
ŮʦЦЦҸո˵ħޣɽȽ϶һЩȥϰ
ллʦллʦллʦллʦʦĻ˵Ĳˣô˶⼸ħϰɽѾˣ֪˵طȻⲻллʦˡ
ҽŷǿԽʦ߽ҲԡŷЦ˵漴ת߳˽ҡ
ɽģ֪𣿡ʵ
߾ˡ
뿪ңźͷ50·֮䷭˺üɽһ·ĴѰħѧԱ˿ͣʱ֣ڵִɽ¡
ɽţǰĲݴͻȻܳһɫӰӣûпʲôǰӰʧ
ǰ׺ǲסˣأ˵˶СЦ˵
ȴǳ˼ãסˣһͷʲôʦ˼ֻ˵һֻ׺ûκɣǸոյ
ʲôôܣһ£Ȼ̲סӶ壬ôˣ
пܡŵܹϰҪ˼ʱ䣬ʹܹʶȻӣ˵ٿٶȣʶҲܹ׷ϵģֻҪʧ֮ǰܹʩչͿˡ
ʧ֮ǰûˣţӿ׺׺ʧֻǶ̶̵һ˲䣬һӶûУôܹһ㣿ǲܵ𣿡
˵Ѱ׺ΧסΪʲôҪҰ׺ߺȸأ
Ĭ˺һŵţ˵ûĻһͷȷʵûʲô𡣡˶٣ֵӦô
ϰϵϰֱҪ˼ʱΪֹ
ǣǸ˰׺ôƵĵ
˿ͻȻЦˣ˰׺ȥܹħޡ
۾һˣھͿʼɡ
˼ɽȥܿ죬һͷǣŷʦ̵ķŶ˸ȥȴûʲôо֪ûгɹŽֶһȥ
ǷȴǸоʲôתûл֣һ߶ŷǵĹһʩչ
ֱʩչʮ֮󣬲ŸоǷԼһϵ˵һʲôо֮žǱ˫ۣҲܿǵһһͷ֮һߣһȭӳֱӻзԴֻһȭѷǴϡ顣
ˣ
ų³˲ͷĺˮһϰܣһ߻ҪܷǵĹȷʵһ׵顣
˹ԭģôһֱҲû뵽ء
ЦЦǰȥ


121 鷳
ǡܡƽ𻢡˰׺ߺȸɽеĵͽħޣźͷϰĶ
һδεϰ˵ļԽԽת۱20ȥ20ÿ컹ûԼɽУֱȫŻȥ˾ͲЩӳԣҴɽȪſ¾
жĸжĻرһĳЩ˵ȷ
ڶʮһ죬վɽɽţǰǶʮͷǡźͷͬʱֻ֣գ֮䣬ʮͷǵĽ£ȻЩǶǱˡ˵ļܷѾûʧܣҲҪ˼ֻҪǵӰӣѶڷǵϡ
һתۣʮͷҲѵ¡
ŵһصķǣڣǲǿҰ׺ˣ
ŵ˵ͷߣҸоֻһסˣҲܹɹ
ʵ׺ߺȸǿҾҵģ˭Ҳ֪ʲôط֣ɽħȷʵҪȱ𴦶ܶ࣬ÿźͷֻܿǰʮ죬˸ͷӦڿ֮󣬻üʱ򣬶ԷѾӰںʮ죬˵ļѾʶˣڿͬʱܾѶ˳ȥֻһֱҲûܹɹȴÿ춼ڽܹоĳǼԷѾԽԽ
˼ǰУһ·ħޣߵɽʱȴǰжʮ˾һ
ŷԶǸ·ŷԶС˵ŷҵĵϵﵽ龳ѾˣǸ˵൱ţǻԶһĺá
ŵ˵ͷҲ£ͷƹǣԱƹȥ
˭֪ŷԶһתͷͷˣǰɽҰˣǴľͻȥɣԺҲ׼ˣ
ĿŷԶʵû뵽һ˾Ȼŵ̶ֳȡŵȻһ۸ˣʱŭ⡣
Եķæ½ǣǻȥɡ
˿ŵ˵ͷٴĿŷԶһۣתŷɽȥ
վסŷԶͻȻһȣ
תͷô
ŷԶݺݵĵţܲ𣿡
ߣһҷʲôһﵽ龳ˣ׺ƲƲ죬Ļû˵
ŷԶףһֱ˵ĵطżֱڽ˰̣ϵı飬һƲӡ
ŷԶֶ΢΢ָŵıӵһҲҸŷԶô˵ҷǴ㲻ɡ
Ѿһµʱ䣬Ҳ֪˲ŷ緽
󲿷ֵ˶ǰŷҵˣᵽһΪͽ
ȻŷӲ˵ĳֻҪͨݣŷĵӣһЩŷϵĵϵǾԼһȣͨǰѲͬյĵ˿żͻһЩ鷳ν鷳ҲֻʵǵģҪһ龳һҺ龳鷳ȻҲǲҡ
ʱŷһ20ҲΧ˹һ۷׷ףСģôûмһ˵
ǰոմﵽ龳ɣҼǵڽҺ񿴼һءһ˵
ոľôӣȻҸŷүô˵ѵ𣿡
ʲôˣŷҵӵǲɱ˵ѵ㲻֪𡣡һŮ
ɱզˣŷү԰öϣȴۣ߰ȸɹۣҲ¡Ůߵһк˵
ǰСˡǺܶ˵
ʱԵķɫЩףǰһӲһ˿ЦݵŷүѸող龳ʶԲŸҶײү֪ү˲С˹ͷŹΰɣұ֤»Ҳˡ
»أŷԶ˷һ۵ߣұýѵѵ
һѰ˻ȥҡ
˿ţ̾˿ȻҾ㰤ٴɣҷȻС㣬Ҳᶪѡ
ķļ磬漴ߵŷԶҪѵңǾɡ
䣬ŵǶһϸⲻԼǱ
СӣһһϣŷԶҲһһ٣ҪŴȥ
Ǿһ˲䣬ͻȻоһ˿һѽڡ
ŷԶһ㣬ʱŵĽѴ˹
ŷԶæԱһҲǺ龳ǿߣҪŵһѡǣŷԶû뵽ǣŵĽҲƶθոͣס֮ʱǽָü޼䡣
ĽΧͬʱ˭Ҳû뵽ոս龳ˣȻܹŷԶһֻһ
Ŀһ֮ɫŷԶѹʱҲûͨ׺Ͳ𣿡
ŷԶȷʵ̫壬ÿ춼һȺΧס׺ߣȻϰÿο˵ʱͨŷԶʶ֮УûܡȻİ׺ߣȴԶԶȲ20ϰսУŸҪ˼˶֣ŷԶȴûʶǰվһֻ׺ҲŷԶ뵽ϧŲǰ׺ˣܵĳ׵ס
ָü޼ĽһŷԶһ˿ڣѪʱеĽҲһڵϡ
ˣҲǿģ˵
תŷ֣ɽȥûɽȻѾ˺ȻҲûɽıҪˡ
СӣҲұ֣ŷԶ˿ڣĺ
ҽţʱҡ
ҵţյһҪڣ
ЦһûлͷŷԶһۣŷϽɱˣڵŷԶѾˡ
δ߳ŷҵŷԶȻ֪жն֪ɱ˶ˣһӣҲҶŽ
߳ԶֱҲŷԶӰӣ˵ţǴˡ
ŶֵĿŷܸҴ
ܲУŷһΪ鷳ģ˵һѧԱŷлͨݣΪӵġ
ҲлᡣһҲûеĵӡ
ȴǼòУţ֪֪¾͵ÿһεˡ
Ҳ֪ô£ʵ
ʲô㲻֪Ĳֵ֪ĿţÿһΣֻж꼶ѧԱԲμӣͨһ̭ƣѡǰʮʤʮѧԱͿԽݣܹͨŷĵӡЩûͨģԶʧȥٴνݵĻᣬԺҲԶܳΪˡ
£ֵ˵ԭΪӲôװ
ȻһƶûУǶΪͨݣ˵츳ʹ龳㣬Ҳѧϰŷҵѧ
˼ĵ˵ͷԼҪӱŬȻº󣬿ܾûлˡ
ȴǵǵĵڱʱŷһºֵģıÿ˶ȫԸܹͨݣɱҲܵصĳͷϾΪӺǵѾͬ
Ҿʹżᶨ˵


122 
ݴһɫӰڻûʧ֮ǰһϸͻȻСǰȥһĻӽɳǰȥõˣʱܹǵ沢ֱǵɫӰӶƶʮ⣬׷˰ɫӰӣһӾͽ˰ӰڣӰͻȻأ֮ͣס
һֻѩ׵ĺ꣬ͨĺ껹ҪСһЩ
źͷ첽ܵѾȥĺǰʹ۾ɹˣ
ЦЦʱһɫӰӷɹŵĽһָһĻУ漴һֻССȸӿе£ˤ˲Զ
ɽϣȻ׺ߺȸȴ٣ڱɽУҲܹȸΪЩϰѧԱǰߺͰ׺ΧסϰȸϷɵģǸˡ
ɽϵȸ࣬ÿһᣬмֻͷɹ
Ǿȸϰɡ˵ȻѾܹǻסλã룬Ҫĳ̶ȣɹɡ
šᶨĵ˵ͷڣ˵ʲôỳɣЩһֱһϰţԼٹҲδܹ޷꼶ˣһʱ仹ûгɹĻʧȥ˽ݵʸҲ޷Ϊĵˡ
ŷԶһȻŰ裬Ҳֻܶŵ꼶ѧԱŶѣѾûлΪŷĵˡ
˾ͺ٣ûжܹһʱͳɹģڣֻ˶ʮ죬Ǳ׺ȸûǰζûԼô̵ʱﵽ̶ֳȡ
һһϣҲһһֻȸɹ֮ʱĽҲմ̳һɫĹâһֻȸ
ͻȻŵȥǱϰһͻ໥Ӱˡ
š˵ͷеĽմ̳

ʮ죬ʮ
վɽɽȸʬ壬ʱеĽմ̳һĻдһȸıֻȸûǼУһĻ棬ȸһУȴȻڿм衣
ٴδ̳ȸڴӿֱһڵ棬ֻܿȸֻצѾˣҲһսС
⵱Ȼɵģĵһ̻ȸһֻצӣڶ̻һֻĽ̴ֱȸֻ
ԭŲûд̵ʮϰѾʹļ¯࣬ȸĸλͿĸλ
ͬʱھһɽͷҲһʱմ̳һߣͬȸʬ塣
һĨϵĺˮһ¶Цݣʱһ䣺ţ̫ˣҪû㣬ڿȸʲôӻ֪ء
ʱŲͣĻӽһȥתǻƻʱ֣һѪϦջеĽɽͷȥֻһĹ򣬱㵽ߣŻȫעϰͷϸĿ˿ߵȸɰ̾Ϣһÿ춼һһȥԼȴǱȲţмֻȸ۾涼սС
ȸһٶ£Ȼܹ׼ȷ۾ģȻҲܹɹÿһֻ֮ڵȸȴܾȷ˳̶ȣٴεĿž۾ţףԼԶԶûһԭΪûרġ
ͬһŵظĶܹ־߶ȼУⲻ˭ģǷ֪һ㣬Ҳ
кⱲԼҲ׷ǰĽŲ
ţǽȥɡ
ŶŷеĽɻʵΪʲô
ҾѾòˣӦûȥܿˣɹ꼶ѧϰһּܡ
ŵ˵ͷȷʵѾòˣвµʱ䣬ӦûȥˣʱȣʵϰģҪԡ
˼Ƭ̣ŵðɣǾͻȥɣѧԺϡ
һصŷңڹ㳡֣ߵ˵ڶԺ䡣С¥Ǻ龳ԺѧԱסĵط󲿷ֺ龳µͽסŷԱߵһУһʻС߽ԼС¥ոƿţûнȥб㴫һŸ磬ˣҶˡ
һҶЦЦôˣ
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죬Ϊ˲¸Լ鷳ЩǰڼеģŷһҶûĴתƵģȴŵǰ£ʱϲĲˣѾ˺ðˡ
ĳɣôҲѧˣ
˼Ҳ𡣡ŷһҶվȴ½ıڻУŵ磬ܲĳ漸ѽÿɰѽ
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ȻҲ֪㣬ȻĿڵһҶԺѽ˼棬Ժ㾭ͽòã
ŷһҶһĴһ£ûбˣſµո˵𣿡
һֻСצӲһֻСצָԼıӵȻǱС˵ˡһҶһ£Ҫҡ㡯Ӧý½㡣
ŷһҶʹһԼĸ첲۵ֱ죬ȻŵĲǣôСôܽ½أ
СҪǱǲǾͿԽҽˣͷ˵
ǵȻҪǱҴҾͽ㡣ŷһҶҲͷ˵
εĿһһޣԼԴתȥˡ
Ǻã㿴ġµٱֻգ֮䣬㳤ñŻҪ󣬵ͷĿֻԼŷһҶСһҶǲǸýнˣ
ۣܱ½㣬ŷһҶŽź
ǡµĲˣתͷСţСڱ㻹ǲҲӦýҽѽ
֪һסһеЩƵ˵
ŷԼԽԽû취ˣǰʱ򣬿԰սǬУʱ»ЩԼġԴԼѧ֮ҲˣȻԴǬзųԼȻͿƾ˿ϵԼľǬгϰʱû뵽ģû뵽Ȼиá


123 
һǧƽ׵ķ䣬ڷУӡ
ʱžվڷ֮Уǰվŷʦ
ţзֱװ10ֻ׺ʮߡʮֻȸһһӴ򿪣һʱܹ֮Ƕɱͨ꼶𣿡
ţˣ㡣ŵͷ˵һ¿κŷ˵Խģžýʦжˣֱӽ㡣
ŷЦЦ˵һ˲ţҶעһ£ȴҲûô̵ʱ䣬ͻԴҽѧϰʱ̵һµʱ䣬һʱһɱħޡ˶٣ֵǸ˺ΪŷҵţϣҲܹɹһ¼
һɹġżΪŵĹâ
ŷĿһۣףΪʲôôǿţûۿЩŵϰȻѾ˺̶ֳȣȻ˵ϣܹأŷУΪǲܵ顣
ôھͿʼˡ
ŵ˵ͷ
ŷû˵ʲôתӡ
ɫɫɫӰȿֺĴдܳգۼ㲼䡣
ǰ龰ŷҡҡͷһѧԱڵһʱ䶯֣ħ޸ոմܳӵһ̣ӦûӽˣǸʱħ޻ӵٶҲʱʧȥʱͨţֱûУûԶ
ŵȴ¶Цݣеħ޶ɢ˷һһһϸųС
Ȼſʼˣڶ֣Ľˡ
ֻɲ֮䣬ǰһĻŷ򿴵ǵĻʮɡ
Ļոճ֣㻯ʮĻ˷ɢȥ
ܰɫĲԾģɫĲͣζģлɫļٷеӰӣڹĻʧ˲䣬ͻȻͣϵͻȻֹͣ˶еȸеֱײǽϣеǰһξ룬Ҳ
սӳֻգ֮䣬ʮֻħޱ㶼Ѿȥһֻ©ĶûС

ͬһʱе
Ŵ죬ɴۣǰ顣Ҳûмģ붼û飬һֻϰһˣô̶ֳȣԼ̶ֳܲȣҿ϶
㣬ͨ˰ɡЦ˵
˶ɤЩɣһĭЩ˵ͨˣȻͨˡţھǶ꼶ѧԱˣһȷ꣬Ҿʹȥ꼶Ľҡ
ţлл㡣
ţͻȻʵţЩǲǶںһϰ
ǵģ㡣
˵ܲͨ
ܡſ϶˵
ŶЩľˣԼת˳ȥ
ţһɡ
ʱŷ˽ſóЩţǰķļܼ򵥵ġ
ģҿ˵ѵġ˲ͷĺˮ˵
Ƕûͨ˵ģ˵һѶȶûСЦЦ˵
šɫ࣬ʱһʱŽӵʱ䣬ţʹԼŲһʱҲӦܹˡ
֪ȡӣڴ򿪵һ˲䣬еĽ˳ȥһնֻȸֻ׺ߡ
۾СʱյҲ̫׼ˡ
󣬷㿪ʼͣĻӽÿһӳһֻħ޵¡ɱħ֮˿ʱߣ־ȻֻһӶһʱ䡣
ţеţ̾Ϣһȴ¶ЦݣҪ֪ŷһʮѧԺһΣԼҪ¶ˣû׼άһнħء
ŷŷҵļŷ塣һнħһΣôܲء
ͨ쵽һңҿյģһҲûС
߽˶ǰϣŷҲûʦһ鱾Σһĸ˽߽Ҫϰļܡ
Ҫϰ
㶣Ҳܵ𣿡
ܡȻŷ㿪ʼϸµĽв׵ĵطźͷ㲻סķʡ
ˣһʱ֮˼ʵ˵ܼ򵥣ڱһ˲䣬һ˿ϸ΢ĸӦķӦ죬ھ֮ǰܿȥ
Ҫͺˣǿ˵һܵ顣
ȻǲеģܵͬʱҪͷųڵֹԷľ
Ȼܵס֣ȴԼԷһٶȣһ㣬ܵľϡ
ȻⲢ˵Ҫ鲼ȫģҲ׸Ӧˡ
ǹɾֻΪϸ΢ĸӦ֮ǰһ˲䣬ڶԷҪλͷųȻͬһʱܿȥС
Ҫѡ˵
һ仰Ҳû˵
˵ͷûо磬ŲϵϰܽսУܵԽ죬ļʲԽС㲻ܣûа취ͨݵġ
㣬ǲºҲԱμӣϰѾûˣʵ
ǵġ˵ͷھʱ̫̣βμӣʱҲлᣬٵһ꣬һԴݣΪŷĵӡ
ˡӦţ˼һֵ㣬һһ⡣
˵ɣ֪ĶġŷЦ˵
㣬սУܶͬʱǲǻҪ뾡һа취֡
ţ˵ͷǸҪȥ飬սУֻܻӳеĽҪǣֻҪлԶҪվ쳤ͲϵսϰģȻˣǻԶԶ
Ҷ˵룬ϰٺãսʱҲǺܱܿģ˫ʱôʲôܹסֵĹ𣿡
ŷĵ˵ͷţǰǲǾͱ˴ܣ
Ų˼ͷǵġ
ţѹ뵽ôࡣղ˵ıҪѧϰһ񵲡Էסʱɣһ˲סԷıȻͿıסֵıˡ
Ļ̲סӣôоսûѧϰЩʱһء
ûûѧϰЩܡ㶼ĻôͲǶԷĶ֣Ǻ龳Ĳ㣬Ҳ򲻹龳һЩܵġ㣬ǸУͬҲѧЩ˶֡
ҶˣѧĻЩԶһ⺺ֻԶԶġ
Цͷ֪ˡ


124 Ѳ
һ߳ңźͷһоŸϰһֱоѧ¥⣬о˽һϰˣ໥Էڻܣܹһͬʱּܣ֮󣬻ܹϰ񵲣Ҳ˵һսɵվţһһܣԲʲôЧս֮Уվվ㡣
ЩģûоЩɱɱҲ֪սʱʲôӡȫŵģܹһµʱͨѾͶء
ո߳ѧԺĴţһģ˲͵Ůվǰ档
ڻûе磬ʱ䣬ѧԺкˣеѧԱϰЩûдﵽ龳Ҳڹ㳡֮ѵźͷʱҲѧԺ֮С
ŮΪʲôʱһԵķȴ˵ţǷ壬ҵŮѡ
ŮѣŻȻ򣬷һŷģɴ˷һȭСӣһһҲ֪ŮѣصĻ湻ġ
ʱЦЦȻŷ˵ûϵģϰһ£ûͨҵϰʮ²ͨء
ЦеĿŷ壬ѾͷôʱųΪǷûͨأʱʦһʱʱ䵹ǲ٣Ҳѹַô롣
һԵķȴһжԼĵĶԷ屣֤һܹͨԺͿԺһϰˣû뵽һڷΪԼûͨʱ򣬲һûйԼ˰οԼ
ʱֺһЩúҪγѪǸǸ͵壬Ǹͨˡ
ûϵǻʱ䣬Ҳֻһλᡣ˵ͻȻЩԣȻ˰˶ȣʲôո˵ʲô
һɤӰѷŶһֵͨˡ
ͨˣסκŷӦе˼ȴǲȷĵ˵ġģ
ʵǿȥһһէˣæ淽˵
õȷһ˵У۽ˮ˵̫ˡ
Ҳѹַ˼ȻһֱŷΪҲ˵ѣη˵ͨ廹ǲ̫ŵģȻ˵Ϊѵԭ򣬵ŷҴҲûϰһͨġ
˵ԼУĸˣѪҺۼƵģŪŶٿȥˣЩɷ᲻ܲסֱѪ
壬Ա߿ءſڷԣС˵
һУæӷʱҲ͵͵ţڶԵһûпǣĲŷһЩǰСţܹôͨллˣЩϰ˵ˣҪûԲôġ
ЦЦлʲôȻѣҲҵѰ
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ҵķ㲻ͷһϰҲһġ
ģ
Ȼˣһƭ㲻ɡЦ˵
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ѽܲ߰ɣϽҸû˵ĵطȥ̫Ѩ˵
ѽ˵ʲôȻŵ˼֪˸ոϰķ
æѷһߣСĶ˵ϰķʽ
ŶŻȻ򣬿ŵţȻܹķҶ֪ϰǰһЩħϰء
ħ޻ŲĿŷ塣
ȻˣҲ֪ѽ뷴ܣһЩħǴңֻܶˡ
ˡŷۣһûˤͷæǿȥϰɣҲϰˣ֮˵꣬ҲûˣֱӾסȥ
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ӲͷƤ߽УŹһҶ㲻ȥѧһְ֪𣿡
ŷһҶ˵ֻҪ粻˵ְô֪Ȼֻͷµǰɣ½㡣
ûŷһҶĻϿʼֻգۼ䣬ͳñŻҪһЩôצŵͷ㲻߼һҶѧģǰɣŵܵܣ
ͷˣǰͷۡ
ʵġ룬Լֻʵʵ˵ˣһϰһҶʱˡ
ΪʲôѽһҶС첻ˣҪϰԼϰҪ½ѽ
ǾǡæӵСϰ
СŮĬϵײǽ鶼ˡֲҷƢ֪СĸҲһףֻüĵĺϰû°æҸˣֻҪµʱ͹ˣһҶȥѧԺѧϰ£Ȼòã
һҶʼԥ
ҲͷţСôû˼ˣ
ǰǰһתæ£ҲûѽҪ㲻ңҾͲܽˣһҲѽⷬ˵꣬ԼЩˣоԼһɷ˵СϱƵġ
ⷬȻûа˵ȷʵЧԺãĿţȻЩ˼ĿŷһҶãҪȻҾϰɣҲӦȥѧԺѧϰҪȻζҪˡ
£ĲˣԼһʱ˵ˣȴҪһҶһЩ
⻹һֻػ𣿡Ųš
ǺðɡŷһҶλվͳһϣȻҲŸ޷ǱҲʹĴӦ
Ų˲ͷĺˮ֪ʲôʱԼһ亹
ͬʱ֮гڴ


125
ŷһҶѧԺȥˡ֮УϸϸĽϰķ¾ţʱһЩԼ뷨Ҳû֮ǰƤӡ
ʱ˵һǾȥһƧĵطºһҪͨݡ
źܼҪٵʵҪĳȥһˣޡŷ¡һúܺãǿѾˣû
һҪծҲһҪ֡
ھȥҵطºŵ飬ŵľ£롢Ҳû˽š
ڻһҪ˵ţŴӻͳһСӣڵӶеһСӡ
СӷʶעУԺԬģֻһĹСӱ㷢Ĺ漴ԬӰ档
šȻԬҲŵģ۽ˮţں𣿡
Һܺã裬Ƕ𣿡ҲǱһζû˵ǰЩıңֻ˵ŽЩ״裬ԼѾŷҵͽ¾ͿԳΪӣѧˡȻû˵ΪӻҪμҪͨݡЩǻԬൣĵ飬Ȼ˵
¼䣬˵ŮĸĶ飬ʵмŮĲ
ҪԬ࿪ĵ£ʵֻҪԼƽ͹ˡ
ԬԸܹƽƽĸûֻ̫ÿ˶Լģ̫ɼֻǲøĸһ㣬ܶŮ
УŮڸĸİԵĵˡ
źܳʱ˵֮ԬȻ
һЩҪע塢һжҪС֮ĻԬӰСʧܿĳȥĶǱߵġ
ţӰСϣһ֮СֻӰC˺ܶ࣬һ֮ʱǰ԰ףķ磬񼴽ʧϦ˿̲סһʹ
롭кܶ໰ȴ֪Ӻ˵һʣڻûΪȥѪɫǾޱһʣûΪȥǾޱĴ̣ʡ
ļ룬ǲ԰׵ɫȴһ仰˵ֻʹ顣
ţҺܺã㲻Ҫҡ˵ģΨһһ仰ֺγкܶĻҪ˵֪뿪һУûʣֻ˵һҺܺãֻǲΪġ
İһˣҪĺܶ࣬ʵҲ٣ֻһҺܺã͹ˡ
ʱһҺܺ飬ҪһҰ㣬ҪŨҵöࡣ
Ǿ֮ŨŨģİ⡣
ŵ۽ЩʪĿ룬ӰֱСʧ
û룬ܹóԼߵġ
ܹоõڴһһǲſһǺŵģţûн۽Σ˭޷ֹİ
Сֻ˱ֻ˺ɣֻçֻŵȴһֱϡ
аԼҰΪʲôһôʹ
ǰűģֻһֱֱ֪֮ʱԼİ
أǲҲҪʧȥʱŻ֪
ǵģ֪֪ԼҲǰġ
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һǰţŵӰƺ㵽һλãһ磬ܵͬʱеĽѻ˳ȥͬϸһĻ棬¼ͷһצн˫Ȼȥ
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ʦ˵ģʱžȻˣ˵ĶսУֻҪһлᣬͻᷢǵĽһֱûͣҲһֱûͣȻԷѾҪ˼Ѿ¯ĵز
˴˵սиԱܿⱾһܵ飬һ˵ġ
ǷȻ֪ź¶ų˵ľոշûеԷʱǱܸӦõ
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һһѾʮ죬һƧĵطô죬ûһҲûһ˿š
źŷʧһڼ䣬ŷһҶҹ8ΣҹΣǶûҵţҲ֪Щʲô
µʱ䣬û뿪ɽȰ벽һֱںϰһˣһһ޾ϵžȵķ֣һʱֻ̣Ҫʱͻþȣ档
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ʱҲЩԥš
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ֱڱʼԺۿԼѧһĵ̨ϣѪ֮У֪ԼˣԭҪܻġһΣ3û˯ֻҪһۣоЩѧԱԡѪӰ
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תƮ¸̨ҪԼѧԺȥһͻȻǰŷ


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133 7

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ΪʲôֵˣҪȰ˵˷ȺҲ벻еԭ
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ûнӿڣȴţʦ˵仰ʲô˼أѵԼɱ½ɲң۶˭ŷԼѧԺûг
Ҳȷʦ˼ʲô˼νԼһϵûС
ŷ׿˵ѧԺѧԱΪĹϵ仰ʱעˡϲвԼϲ˵в˭Ŷĺ
ıѾʣ19˽һ
ûֱӻصסڵ˶ҽǼڴϵĻ㱨˽ĽȻѧԱǿһСᡣ
յıʦһԤ⡣ʣ19Աֳ9飬սʤֱǰʮлʣһԱ
˵19лһ˳鵽һպţڱʣµ˿սʤľѧԱѡһսֻҪսʤͿԻýݵʸ񡣶Ϊ˱ⲻҪʮѧԱͨΡ
˵˿ŵţ鵽˿պţѡ˭ս
Ǹ𣿡ЦЦ
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Ȼǡ˵ŷ֣ȴͻȻ뵽ʦֵľٶĪ⣬ΪʲôһҪԼ19˳룬鵽պŵĸʲʦȴסⲻš
漴뵽ˣȺӢĶֶŷѧԺˣҪ֪ʱʣµľ󲿷ֶѧԺѧԱ벻ǵıֱС֮С
̧ͷʦſƽ֮µļͻȻһ˿æȻѡˡ
ţͶˡ¶һЦݡ


134 8
ϵطŷ־һ
˵壬ЩףΪʲôҪųպţֱӸŸֻ֣Ҫŷ𣿡
ŷôףȺӢǣҹĸ˵ĶӦѡãְȥ飬ʱŰѺŽȥģΪǲǴҿеѧԱԺðһ㣬첻ͬ19˶ǸѧԺѧԱϺǵʦᶢţҪ׼˵ǲܵ顣
ô죿һʱЩż˵
ҪסţҪȥţֻҪһͳˡ
룬ˣǸպ岻ǲǣ
ŷЦЦʲôû˵˶٣ŷȴֵֻǵģ᲻ѡŷ֣
ᣬҽʹţ˵ѡʵġ΢Ц˵
Ըɡŷ֪һҶħĹܲáԭŷ徹Ѿ֪ħĵ顣ֻСһҶΪԼ޷졣
ŷķ䡣
ŷվţĶһʮҵķޣŷ
ħķԵϣ˸Ÿɫâ
ԸŻҪ𣿡ŷ̲סʵ
ʵû뵽ȻԼħģȻĹû˵ǰҲùֶŷȴûбҪûſ
ҪСĶ֡ŷŷԶͻȻ˵žô򵥣һϰµˣܹɱ˹һˡ
ǡŷҪ⡣
ȴֱӱŷԶϣûпǣһǳս㣬øáŷ˵ͷŷԶȴȴ֪ǹģһͿɱ˹ġҪҵ۹⣬Ҫ֪ߡ
ŷסû뵽徹ȻҲǳΪŷΨһħѧϰʦǾȻûнΣҲڹ㳡Ͽ
˼Ƭ̣ŷ׹ħѧϰʵֻһѧŷһҶֻ߲ѧϰħȴǼѳֵĴڣŷңҲֻŷһҶѡ
ŷһҶӿΣ˵ӿαǼҳ㷹οôܴ
һӿΣȻҲͲҪˡ
ôŷЩš
ŷԶЦЦҲû˵Ƿ»ҪСģϷģһرϡοŷһҶǺӺŵĹϵܽҲŷġ
Ŷŷ۾𣬡ѹŸǰôţԭΪĵԭ򡣡
ŷԶȴһЦ㾡ܷģŷģһҲò
Ŷŷ㶵Ŀ塣
ŷԶȻŷһҶҲǿǴħʦúԶǷּ֮һƣĵûʧȻʹȴǲˡ
žˣҾǲ÷ģҲˡŷ˵
Ҫϣ˵ҪСĶ֡
ţǺðɡŷѷսԼǬָС

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šͷе㲻˼Ŀ£Ҫ²Ը⣬ǬָѾزסˡҪ½ָеʱ´Ҳܾһ㣬ź
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㳡ľˣȻսĳκ٣ǽı
ʣµ19ˣһѧԱ
ң⼸ı˶ѧԺŷѧԺĶԾ˶ŨŨĻҩζ
ϣܹѧԺΨһһѧԱܹŷϡʱ˶֪ŵ֡
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ѣϾĻʲߡ
ϣܹϡһŮ
𣿡һк
Ϊʲôô˵Ůɻʵ
ŷžˡ㲻Ϊʲôϣϡк˵
ҲšŮͷС˵
ˣҲῴǵսŻѡġ˵ĶԻһ˵
һ˴˹Ż𣿡
Ȼ˭˭һذܵıοѧԺڵʽϣŷһɱŵġ
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š⻰˶ڲסͷһε˶ѧԺĹâ޾ηĹâ
ŷѡâҲᱻĥѧԺˣѪĹâ
ǣ㳡Ͼ󲿷ֵˣȴϣܹսģǶŰܾǻ뿴ѧԺ᲻ǿĹâ
ڣʱȴԵ쳣İ
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鷳ɶЪţȥˡ˵ţ뿪˲ͷĺˮ룬Լ治˵ѵĲϡڼһҹֹš
ϣ˵ҪԼ֪˵ʲôˡ
ĬĬĿʦıӰа㣬ʵǶԲˣһܻʧˡ
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ѧԱҲǸ˵ţ̫ˣѧԺһ˽ǰʮˡ
򣬴ʱһЦݣһֱҪԼѧҪӲƴĸʦϣԼѧǿأ
еУֻûкһˣһ˲˲Ŀţǵ˵
ҲЦЦȿóЦкһЩı飬֪лһ뷨ʹʱĶͬ
û˵һ˫ȴĹ⡣
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žȻ鵽˿պţѧԺܽǰʮˡһƬʧͬʱҲΪѧԺˡҪ֪ѧԺûнǰʮ


135 9
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еȻŷ
ҲҪڻһ
ţȥɡǾŸģս
ŵ˵ͷ̨
㳡˶ڿš
ڵȴɣÿ˵϶¶һЦݣֻ۾һգգĿѾߵ̨ϵţѾǺˮ֪Լе뷨ǲġһ̣ȻΪŵġ
̨ϳ˾Ÿʤߣŷ塣
ŷţѾ֪˰ɡ
ŵ˵ͷ֪ˡ
ôͿʼѡɡŸУѡֻ֣Ҫսʤӵдݵʸ񡣡
۹ھһȥͣŷϡ
ּˡ
̨˶Щһŷ
ڣϵЦݶס㶵Ŀ̨ϡ
ŷͻȻǰһŶѡң
û㡣̧һָҾѡ
ŷɫϱ仯Ǳ˵ǼΪʡĬ˺ð죬һ仰û˵תˣֻʱݺݵĵеһۣздţ粻ų鵽պˣҪǱ֤Ļ
ҲסҲû뵽žȻƭԼ׿ڶԼ˵ѡһģôѡŷˣ
ʱϳźŷ˶ŷȥ
Ѿʮԣѡŷ
žԼž
ŵѡ˶ûʱӦ
ڶݵļžͻȻĺ
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˵Ĺ㳡뻮һĺſںţ
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ѧԺһ˲ﵽ壬ʤǰܣŷһɱŷҵУźѧԺӡС
ǵĹâԶԶǹѧԺվŶŷ
㳡ȺеѧԱˣʵĿ̨ϵţǷĺţţɱɱŷ
ѾƲԼ֪ΪΣ׿ȫ֡ġ
ĳȣǻѪڷڡһϣ߸߾ֱۺűʤ
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ŷվ㶵ĿǰһУʵ벻͵ӲͷΪʲô˾ҵķӦΪʲôʧء
ÿжм飬١ֻǣ͵˻ǹɼĵסᱬ
ĸʦϣԼѧ¸ҵģĸʦܹϲԼѧų΢裿
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ŷɫȴЩˣóŵĽһҲԼĲýռˣǸܵ顣
Ҳֻ΢仯ѣܿ죬ŷͻָԼɱš

ͬʱ̳еĽ
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Ȼͬʱܿ
ȺͻȻðȻһֱΪżͣȴûʤŷʵϾ˽֪
ڣǾȻۿűܿŷĽңûд·磬ͬʱͬʱܣ
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һӵʱ䣬δʤ
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ʱʤģѾǼܵˡǱ˴˵־;顣
ץŷ֣ͷĺ壬ʤ𣿡
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ڷɳͬʱҲͳŷģǣǷȴûлâڡ
ŷüͷ΢΢תͷȺ֮УĿ֮һʮҵķЦ
ڹ㳡ڵһðϣŷһҶС˵ΪʲôΪʲô
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ʲô֮ǰûػ޺壿ŷһ
ػ޺ˣȻһֱƾԼʵսȺͻȻ
ȻԼ˺龳Ҫʱ˸ĺ
龳Լÿһ˶֪ģǣû˻뵽ôΪǾһ׵顣ػҲֻ뷨ս
̨ϣŷ¶־壬ǰţأЩŵĵôܣôܣ
ŷɡžеĽ


136 
Ʒǵţŷһ˵̨ϣ˶Ϊˡ
Ҳû׷;վڸ̨룬Ŀŷ
ŷ¶һ˿֮ɫŽָһһɫķĳǰ
ţȥɣŷŷһ㣬һֽıƮȥͬʱǷľ仯һ޴ɫ
ֱףһڰգڵĸ̨㻯ɻҽ
ȵϢӻܹȥ㳡ǰȺͷüëʱսе·ˡ
ʲôܰҺĺȺĺˣ˭оóǻ̺Ŀ޷ֵġ
Ⱥ󷽵ŷԶ򸾿̨龰ɫҲʱ԰ס
ʥôʥŷԶ˵
Ѿڵ֮ϣǾ֪һδ
ŷҵĴʼµʥȻŷԶŷ
ʥֻħƳɵ߼ġ
ʥһվһǳء
һֱʥһλϵħʦܣ޶ѱ30꣬һֱһصУΪʲôڻ
ŷԶͻȻŷһҶԼķ䡣Ǹʱоһŷġ
ոòõҪ͸ŷԶķģ֪ŷһҶŵĹϵܽҲ֪ŷһҶһ뻻ԼķģʱŷһҶŸո𣬻ûе֣ŷһҶеķҪ
ѵʱõıʥŷԶš
ڰϵŷһҶʱҲɵۡȷʵҪȥһʦûзģҲȷʵҪԼ˷Ļʦģ֪һ͸ŷĵġ
ŽУŷһҶͷϵķģսУҪԼģȴƾľӦлһּΪǿʹһµдŷһҶæӴ򿪣ǲŸոհѷȡͱŷԶˣŷһҶҲ˵ŲϵһţֻðѷĽŷԶһԵˡ
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ǣΪҲŻᷢڵҲ뿪
ҲߡŷһҶ˵ˮϵħʦ˸ף˭Ҳûܷӵˣ뿪δܹȫ
ŷͻȻһ֪˵Щʲô
ŷԶȴ˵ҸողûаһҶȥһҶ뿪ҲܱסѧԱİȫ
ʧǸСҲܹסءһҶ˵
ŷԶ˵ͷ
ڳÿһ˶û˲ôŷҾܹ˻ôҲ޳ͷ֮ա
ã׼ŷ


137 ͻ
ŷһҶŷԶӵͻȻһħȡ
ľơɢŵɫâħȣħͬʱ𣬻Ź״ֱָǰ
ˮΪģ֮֮ٻְɣˮ֮顣ͬʱ
һġ͸ģССˮɵľߡ
Դħʦ壬ħٻǿħˮ
ͬʱΧħȼ˲ͣ裬գ֮䣬˵ħǰˣγһֱ3ףʮ׵ˮ
ħʦǿħ
ͬʱŷҲħʦ壬֮ٻǿħ
һȻŷǰʮ׳ʮ׿ĺ
ŷλϵǰҲ۳ɫĴִǵȫɡ
ʱе׼˹֮ڵɫ
ȥŷһǰĺŻӿȥͬʱˮȫ뿪Եˣ˹֮ڵĻ
䣡䣡䣡춯صһ죬ڵĻͻȻըɫĻ裬ֱײŷ֡
ڹ10˴ʱѵڵϣĿżԼĻ档
ÿ˵жţӳȥһҪƽ治Ҫȼյ֮⡣
ŷԶ¶Цݣڻոձʱ˵ѱʮ֮˾ţŷɽׯҲˡ
ȻЦŷԶ֪ʮǲܻŵˣǶû֮ʱȻΣգڡ
ڣȴûаɣڻƹ֮ȴͻȻֹͣӣûӣһһ
㶵Ŀǰ䣬ͻȻһֻ֣ĺţŸ磬Ÿ绹ţ
һҶָȥȻ˶ŵӰȻѱһڣȴûбճɻҽ
ңվ̩ɽ
ȻǾȵĿͻȻſڣ³һɫĹеĻ棬ŹۣһУɫҲԽԽŨ
ʱһȥһ٣ڣȫ֮Уǹûб󣬵ȴҫ۵ɫâ̵Ŀ
ֻſһŨɫ㱻ؿС
ƾǿľŷͻȻоһɼΪǿϢϷϸӦһ£ŷ循龳㣡ôܣ
ǰôܣҪ֪龳һ׵飬˵ŷ壬ԼЩ̫ţʱվ
Ҳ֪ô£ΪԼɣȻƾԼĻԣûҲ̫ܲʱ䡣оڵ̫ӴҲܲҪű֮ʱΧͻȻ
ۣǸµĻѾΧĻѾ˺ԼæһΧƣȴһ۾Ϳ˵ڵϵŷһҶϾҪɡ
æ³СڵĻӣȡܵĻ棬ֻȳһҶȴ뾹ֱԼ˺龳㡣
ʮ½Ĵӵ𣬳ŷԶ֮⣬ÿ˵ɫܲ԰ףոյһľȫҲҪһ²ָܻ
Ǵʱÿ˵ȴЦݣŷұסˣıסˣûɲЦ
ÿ˶һָмš
񣬶Щ˼ˣͷ̲סǱҰ
Ÿ磬һҶһȥû뵽ոܳȴˤڵϣʵһûˡ
æǰһҶȴЩΪʲôŷóôǿķģѵֻҪɱ𣿡
˵ŷԶʱͷ
ŷλϵɫҲŷԶŷĵ˵ɣô£
Ҳ֪ΪʲôֻһмĻħĸŷġŷԶ˵ȫ
һҶô£ŷ۹תŷһҶ
֪ŵʥѽŷһҶ˵꾭֮Ҳͷ֪Լһʹ˴
㡣ŷ忴ŷԶӣôҪҲ𣿡
Ҵˡ
Ǽ쿪ʼȥ꣡ŷ˵
ǡĳͷŷԶ򸾳˿һڷ£˵ղǳͷǺǰûʲô𣬷иʱܹ
ŷһҶ׵ĻʱͿˣ꣬ȥеһƴˡ
Ÿ磬ɣŷң˵ְһġһҶҡŵĸ첲˵
ҿ°ﲻæͷʵڲ֪ô˵źãϾһҶΪţǣҲ֪λˣٲͷһҶһ£Ժָܰͱ

еѧԱŷԶ˻ţŸԴݵѧԱ֪һԺݣŷǲɢ˽ˡ
ȺȴûȥΧסźһ齹̿ţȺָͱͱŵ壬ܲܵһҿûţ㲻˰
ţ
˿ոձǸ̨涼յ½ߣָָǿյڵأովվŵİɡ
ŵ˵ͷ
֣صĿţһּΪˣȷʵˡ
ţҿûˣת䣬ѾûˣֻǷ˷ֶȥ
ŷסŷûеڴҵĴϣŷЦЦڱ֮ǿ̽ݵģһûУ;ᣬֻܵȵָ֮ǽˡ
;᣿ʲôһͷˮҴݺʲôʲôϵأ
ŷʵݲõĿѧԱĵطΣգܵвʱֻô;ᴫͻУȥʱͻ֪һʲôˡ
˶٣ŷֵֻҪܹ죬ִͨﵽ˺龳㣬ܴܲҲ˵ˣһµʱ䣬ţϣҲȥŷԶǽգȥѧϰһЩħ
ѧϰħס
ǵġŷȻҪΪһħʦ㲻ӵػޣҲѧϰһЩħǿԵġ
ǡ
ŷ˰֣ŵĻ֪㲻Լػޣڵĺ龳ʵѧϰħȥѧϰһЩĻħ㽫кܴİ
ħѧа㶡
ŷû̻شŵĻĬΣŵţ֪ŷΪʲô𣿡
ҡͷŷӵѾʱˣȻ֪
ΪŷҺҲͬػչġŷһħңֻҪħ̫̣Ҫ߲СţӦ֪ԭ˰ɣ
ŵ˵ͷѾˣߣڰҲδػһŷҲǶǹ¡
ŷ˵ֱԺǲŷԭǿʼĴѼѧķǼΪϡ֮ͼĶҵʵҲˡ
һŷֱֵһǰҵүүżȻ֮䷢һϣǾķħܹԴʱ䡣ȷ˵ƽӺ龳һҪʱ䣬ħֻҪ¡
ôŴ󾪣̲ס𣿡
ŷҡҡͷȻЧֻүүһ˳ɹΪҪ̫ߣһҪѧϰħҪ߲СڶҪӵһֻԵػޣֻͬϵħܸͬϵԵػޣһֱҲû
˶٣ŷֵЩ㶼߱
ǵģŷ忴ŵԭľߣӵлԵŴﵽ˺龳ѧϰķԼ
ŷң벻ǿ¶Щѡ


138 
һƧɽȣһССɽ
ŷҹؽյĵط
ɽ֮еһյϣܵĿ쳣ȣռ䶼ЩŤһҶվĲԶܹŵһ˷
ǸĻԪضþٻԼߵԵʡ
Ѿһ£һµʱ䣬ֻѧħһʹõģٻԪء
׼ȷ˵ⲻһħһħʦ߱ģֻܹӦؼĻԪأþٻߣܹѧϰħ
ҲΪʲôֻ߲ѧϰħԭûǿľǸӦ˻ԪصĴڣҲ޷ټߡ
ħĻôֻǿѧһħǱܹһЩССĻϰħʦġ
ãŵĿĲǳΪһħʦѧĶ˵ѾˣǲᷢСҲûϵҪֻǰѻԪټ߾Ϳˡ
һµʱ䣬Ҳħԭˣ˵ܼ򵥣ʹķǰȰΧĻԪضټߣʱյı㶼ǻԵˡ
һ£ʱؼȻ󾭹ᴿʣ¶ֱջԪصĲж󣿺߾ҲҪᴿʾ࣬ʮĻԪأôҲʣ°˹ͬһҲʣϣħЧ
վ¶һ˿Цݣ죬ͿԴˣ˳ͨԽѧϰѧķħҪ˶ãԼͿͻƺ龳㡣
ŷ·򸾡ޡ˵ģЦһаǵŰɣܿ죬ǾҪΪԼ鸶ۡ
ŴһԸ񣬺ҪĴۻʲô
תŷԶ򸾺ŷһҶŵĵҸˡ
ŷԶ˵ͷвûмǺţֶŷûУǱԼʥġ
ȴžŷݵʮˣŷԶлһЩмš
ȥɣϣܹŷվڵλϣƽƽŷԶ˵
һŬ
Ÿ磬ԺһҪѽһҶŵĸ첲ûźţ֪Ӧôˡ
ЦЦʱһ᳣ġ

ݵʱѧԱѵˣǣϡʦŷ嶼ڣ⣬ŲʶԲµóӦѧԺʦ
ˣŷӻóͼľᣬһ·ƾǿľܹоǾ֮У̺һ
ħ;ᡣɨ˾ѧԱһۣŷ建˵ݣֻҪܹ죬ɹԽѡʺԼѧķ
˶٣ŷֵǣҿԸǣȥ֮ǽδΣա
ָдֵС¥ŷɫӣͨص׵ڣȥ󣬳ǾŸˣû˻ǣҲˡʲôΣգֻԼȥԣܹǵģֻžᡣ
ŷѾᷢÿһˣ˵ܵв֮ʱֻҪ򿪾ᣬ̻صȻû򿪾Ļʧܡ
Ƕ˵Ļ𣿡
ףŸ
Ǻãǽȥɣʱ䣬Һλϻһֱǡϣ˶ͨǣҲòǣѾʱ䣬û˳ΪŷҵĵˣеѶȿ֪Ǳģ޷ֵʱҪǿԼ
šŸĬĬĵͷƿݵĴţһһ˽ȥ
ӵľͷһڣһĽͨ档
жһƬ
ǰ棬һ꼶꣬Ʊ
ٺ棬ĵܵĺŮӣӱȺã˳˵һ£ȵãŷѧԺѧԱ֮ǰȥ˽չһˣչá
˷ֱǮࡢֺˡ
Ÿ˵䶼󣬿óкӶЩ壬ֲָĵطŮӱм䡣
ŰѽУнĺɫΧ׵ķԲʹüܹµ·
ʯֻа߿泤˺̦ÿһҪСģȥһءþŸ˶Ǻ龳ǿߣСһЩǲʲôΣյġ
һֱ˰ʱʶ̽ΧʮĿռ䶼ŵĸӦ֮Уȴǿտյһ㶫ûУûиӦܵʯڣҲûиӦĵ档ֻǳʯбͨ·ͨһδ֪
žĺڰУֻоŸ·
ǡǡǡ
ȻʲôҲûУÿ˵жЩëЩ
˵ͻȻֵڼžĿռз˵죬ţʣµİ˸˶һŮӾ̲ס
Ǽһոż˵Ҳŵһ£ûʯȥͷŵҾ˵仰ѣõôӦ𣿡
ʱҲӦոյŷģؿڣţ˵ģôʱҲ˵䲻һ˭ܵ˰
⻹Ҵˡ
ˣţո˵ʲôƱʵ
˵Ǿ죬ֱӾͨԻȥѧϰѧ𣿡
Цõţôףô궼û˳Ϊӡ
ǰҲǾЩ֣Ϊʲô궼û뵽취أͷ˵
ҿƱŵļ磬ţҷˣ治֪Ǽٲ֪ʯ׾ͷһħţҪͨħŲĿʼ
ŶҲû˵ѽ
˵ˣʱ㻹ûƱЦ
ڼ˵Уձﻹûе֮أֲָĺڰҲûбΣա
ȥǲֿܷ˶󣬻ҲܸһЩ˵𣿡Ʊ
õ˵ͷһʾͬ⣬ҲûϾʲôΣ˭֪һ𣬾ҪȵжҪȫҲܹӦѡ
ȻҶͬ⣬ô9һСˣӦѡӳǲǣ
ţûӦһӳ˷׷Ӧš
ţûƱʵ
ûС
Ǻã飬СӾ죬ûƱ
ûûС˶ЦӦ͵
УͻȻһ
ո˵ûܷڡǺüһԴϴοźŷľ˵ŷңڼĿеλǸ߸ϵģЩţʱȻûһ˷ԡ
ҿǲҡŻͷżˣÿ϶һּƵóѵЦݡ
ƱɤӣǸոõģΪҲԣٺ١
ڳĬʱÿ֪࣬ʱȥߵʯ׾ͷٴվ˵֮ϡ
ǵǰһɫħš


139¿ֲķȺ
Ǵ׵ħţų˼Ƭ̣ﵽ۷״̬ʱԺǳ
龳ԺԼʱ䲻ǿڵҲ񱣳״̬
δ֪գʱÿ˵ﶼЩҪָУõķ
ѾԼ˶ӳλϡ
ǰŷˣһһֱ׵ڹУӳ9ѧԱ龰
ŷ˵ͷǻѡ
ȴüͷ˵һǴħţǾ͸ӦˣҲ֪ûб仯
ŷҲ¶һ˿֮ɫǰһ磬ÿһӶڲͣı仯Ҫ죬۶˭˵һ׵顣
ΪʲôҪһأ̲סʵ棬Ͳǲʵĵطܴܲ죬ȫ
˭˵ʵûйϵŷɫҪ֪ʵУǸħţҲȥοҲʵһ֡
ŷ죬ȴûзʵⲻ뷨ҲݵȴʧܸգţʱԼκһ˲ǣֻһʱ㲻ò˻
ʱ۾Ҳˡ
ڣǵôħ˰ɣûЩľʵ
ȳԷ˵Ա
˵ţŴӻóһ̵Ĳ˺ͷ̳ƺͼӡ
Ʊʹգգۣ̲סӳ׼˰
׼ʲôʱҵĽָжЩңֻҪܹ뵽ģҶó

˾һ𱥱ĳһ٣һٷ꣬࣬ÿ˶оû֮ǰˡ
ŵ˵ͷվһȦɫĻסȫ˼һ۵ȽȥסԼ
ɫâÿ˶סȫ
ǰŷ˵ͷ
ֵĽָһǱͨĽٴγУע룬Ũɫ
ĻѾһΣɫתΪɫ
ǰһԾħš
ŵȦȦ漴ָֻƽ
ⲻһƬڣǰһƬ֣泤˲ݣֻǲݺǻҺɫģһɫûСںɫ֮УȴһЩֲеĳݣеǵ״һҲһȴһͬص㣬ɫĹâⱾһƬڵĵص״˹ܹɫâʵص磬ʹΧ￴Щʵ
Żûüϸһ˵Ͽգæ̧ͷȥȴͷһƬסƬա
һȺӣ˵ͷôķӡһֻһֻٵɿżǰļֻѾײ˻ɵĹ֮ϣž죬漴㱻յֻʣһƬҽ
ţķ䶼ѸٵİΧĿռ
ʱŵͻȻһУǴħгƱֱӴ˷ȺУΧֵı˿̿Ѿˡ
ľ˷ϸķֱţֱ˸˵֮󣬲Ŵ󺰵ţܣ
ţģҿѽõѴſǻ
һнϷָȥһɫĻͻȻ֣ΧķȺֱʡ
𣿶Źܣ
ٹ˲÷ȺǰȥֻǷȺ̫ܼϵײɫĹϣǿײʹÿǰһѡʱʱ䣬žȻֻ߳һľ룬ȺҲƶ˰ףޱ޼ʵķȺ֪ж٣ŵʶסһҲ̽⵽ȺľͷԿ϶ǣҲܰеķ
һ̣֪գ˵ʲôǸոѾ˴ѣôͦţ˵죬һҲҪŸ˾͵ûıȺľ
УС
𣿡źһ
漴ű㶵ͣס˽Ųûһ˻شȻֻԼܼķȺУİ˱ܹĹâҲ޷ĽŲ
ҧҧתȥԼͬ飬źڴҶֿĻ˭Ҳͨ˴εѵ
ûԶͻȻƱţôֻˣ
æȥȺķ䲻ͣײڹ֮ϣ졣
ǱߵƱҲƴĳĹɱȥеĽͣĻӿǰķȺǽȫʹ
һֻ֣ǣŵֵܵܶһǰķȺŴ£
ڣڷȺ棬żæʵأ
ƱҡҡͷҲ֪Ӧöں棬Һһģڳʱǣ֣ûбȺֿ
ŵ˵ͷҲ֪ģǾŰɣǻѭŹġ
Ʊ̧ͷ˿ŽĹ˵ͷոգ͵ܾܵһֱ⣬вûк£ǹϣ
û⣬Ǵʱܶͻȥˡޱ޼ʵķȺ˵һ־
ֹһӣŵȵˣǮˡ
أæʵ
ִ򿪴;ȥˡǮ˲ĺˮǿȥǣʱҿˣһҲǰˣֲ֧˶೤ʱˡҺ˴ǡ
ǿȥ

áȡӱ
ŮӱűŷȺĲϮ
ˮ˳˵ղϻ£ǵȫʪ͸һĹϣڹ̫ԷȺײ͸࣬ʱһҲƶˡ
Ȳ˲ϵĺˮҪˣΪңڣѾŻˡ
Ϲ˵ýӵһģô㲻ܡ
Ȼʵǿϳɹǰʮȴ9һһֱϰܺ͸񵲣һҲûķȺЩѧĻѾʧȥãֵֻܿ
ˣֲ֧סһһֱһŮӣȵּ飬úӱæͷųһĹְ˶Уǣȴûа취ǰˣҲ׷ǰǵϣɫâ
ڼ䣬ǿ˴ӺǮˣǣ˴ǡ
Ƕ߲ȥġȵжһֿǻ̧ͷǵɫĹһۣȴͻȻ֣ǵԼһЩ
ˡȵͻȻӿˮû뵽յ֮УžȻܹǡ
жͬʱֿӱһۣ˶ƣŸϻҲѾˡ
˵ӱҲͷ˹һۣǵɫâȻһĿԼ
̫ˣһǮҵţǻˡ
ӱֶһ˿ϣͻȻȴõĴ󺰣ȣʲô


140 
ӱתͷȴǿȵ徹Ũĵɫâȫ
ȣӱһ
û˵ǵɫĹâģγһǰһӣ㵽˹֮ת˲֮УԭЩĻס˵Ĺ̼Ũࡣ
ȵɫ԰ףȴһ˿ЦݵǺܿͻģһҪסǰ
ȣӱͬʱ󺰣ĿȵŴ;ᡣ
ЦЦһҪͨ
򿪣һŨİ׹ʧ˹С
ӱöһۣ˵жЩӨȷԼĻᣬ˼ӳ˹ֵǿȡ
⣬ǰ˵ȫͬǰУ˵ÿ˶ֻԼû˻ܱ˵˵£û˱ˣûȥģ˭Ҳ֪Σա
죬ˣΣҲˣǣ˵Ĺ˲˱ȴֱӱƷ
ȷ˳ΪӵĻǣȻҲΪȰȡ
أźһϵûУǣǵһƶ
ǵɫĹ⣬ڸոսʱǾͻ򿪴;ᣬϾǵصķȺͿһϣ
ǵ⣬ȴǾ޴ϣˣ˲һֱţֱڡ
ӱ÷ĻӳеĽǰķȺ˵ɱһ㡣
̫Ҫй
ʱһȥһɢֱ֣ðʱ飬ӱòʱǵâԼԽԽĹâ
ǵ⣬еϣûǣǾ漣ĵֵס˷Ⱥһһײ
ΪȣǲܷΪ˷ţҲûɷ
ãӱȣģڣŵĺ
һ̣ʡ
ţӱдһ˿
һӺšƱǮࡢ˵Ӱǰ
ţȻ˽ĻУޡ
ðŵȻȥˣΪҺӱ˳ΪӵĻᣬеǣȴˡ
û˵õļ磬ҲһЩģ˿ߵļˣгģôʱ䣬ûһԼͬ飬ûһ˵ǱˣԼܳȥɡ
һ飬ͨôţٲܹͨǿġ
֯һ£ջ˽⣬Ѷֳ飬áӱһ飬ĸһ顣ĸַֻסңǰķȺ˿ǰ
һҪ֮ǰࡣ
ǰķȺĲ࣬ײȴʹüǰٶȾȻһЩ
ĵҲҪ˺ܶ࣬źŮֻܻӽǰ©Ҳ£йֱǣƱֵĹ֣Ҳ֮ǰҪסԼҪ·˲١
һߣܹо˵
ţոҴˣһʼ;ۼһ𣬿Ⱥ־Ͳûȥˡ
Ʊ󣺡ôܹأ㣬ǿڶȥˣ㲻֪㷢ǵ⣬Ƕϣ
ãǰʱ򣬺ֵܹʱ

ݵǰֵͷվڿȺʱʵ̫ˣʶģ˴;ᡣΪһҲһصǵصķȺǸͨģǣȻ֣ԼһҲûлŮӶûС
ֱ˴ʱȣв΢һЩΪҲˡȽֳ֮ȥʵ벻£žȻܻͷˡ
ͻȻԼñ΢
ŷ忴ȣ¶Цݣתͷ˵֪ΪʲôǵȥƬȺ𣿡
˵ͷǰͨΪЩ˵ˣûȺڲ׹ǲһܹͨģҪĲȫŽᡣ
ǰʱȺڲʣˡʱÿ˵¿㶼ˮʪ͸
ȥǿ¼ֲ˰ʱƱ˲۾˵ˮס۽ǣ벻ͣĲУȻ۾
ǰ治һӡ˵
͸һֻֻ䣬ܸӦԶľ롣
ģ
ġ
̫ˡø˵ǵ˺ӱߣˮôǿܾͰȫˡ
˵˸оƱһߺס˵Ĺƺ侹Ȼࡣ
ӱõĽҲâǰķƬµ
ҿǾȻʵŴȤ
ǣǱޡƱЦ
һϸϸСϪСϪڵӲݺâֲ
ͨͨһ죬߸˲ˮУǱˮס
龳ǿߣ㾫ƣҲסʱĺ
ʱһԴϴһȦ¶ģЦ֮
ͬĿϷһۣȻûп죬͸Ź֣Կÿ˵϶¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫ
ǵصķȺѾˡ
ͷϵĹ̼ɢȥ˻һЦ
漴ЦȴͻȻͣסס˺Ƶġ
Щŵ˵أԭͻȻ֣һˣŲûкһ
룬ƱʵôǿһǴʱ䳤Ӧûˮײҳɡ
ŶһȻӣǮǲһô
ţҲôáһͷʾͬ⡣
֪ǶͻȻŵ
ţͬʱŰϿȥȴյһʯϣģҪж
ţ㲻صԼҲǡƱ
ƲƲ죬Ҳ֪˭ո˵һ
Ǯ˵ġƱæǮˡ
˶ͬˡ
˶ߵߣΧ
Ц˵Ǽʲô
ãողҲͬͦʹ𡣡ӱһ¡
ͬһֱΪôǲԵģҪûȥˡ

ЦһŴǬָȡһѷʢĲһ߳һо
ӱ˵Ⱥ᲻
ãȺ˵£ֻҪǶˮʱܿ͹ȥˡµǣﻹбΣա
ŵ˵ͷΣһУֻǱһϽץʱָĵ
ţƱӦһ㿪ʼԭش
༸ҲԵòˣ׷׷Ʊӿʼ
ֻÿ˿ţҶ᲻Σգ
ŵİɣңոǻˮ׵ʱѾˡ
ԭ
ûнԼ˵ԭҲĵ
žʯϣΧķ紵ݶ
һӺͻȻվ𣬽Ķǰ治ԶһƬ֡


141 ٴ
ص׵û⣬û£ȴз硣
Ȼʹ졣ҲӦôŵķǱʥչֻһµʱ䣬ŵķûг
з磬Ȼ紵Ҷ紵Ӳݵ۷紵ʲô񶼻ᷢ
עȻЩһȫûйϵǺڽе֪Ǿܡ
ֻЩѡ
ۣۣۡ
ֺӤҲ֪ǣ¼ûôĿ
϶ÿһŵľһĳħȻ̫죬ȴġ
ۣۣۡ
ֽһЩֵıԵ
־ǰ治Զʮ׵ľ롣
ЩĸߴͦΣȴֲûҶӣϵҶҶӣϸϸġġ
ϲʲôΪǵص磬һ硣֮ϣƵǸ磬û
ǻɫģ֦ҶǻɫģʵĻҡ
ʹӾһ´
ۣۣۡ
ŵľҵûпʲôڽУȴǸоֱԼʶҪԼ˼롣
һæʶֿϮ
۽⣬ȴǿƱӱáǮࡢվƱĿޱУǮȴ˫˫óһǰʼ趯ǵǰһֲĹǲ֪Ĺ
ӱãȻ§һ𣬿ʼѱ˴˵·
ŵһȥ
վھʯϵͻȻǰԾֻһ¾͵ǿǰķǿ
ǣʲôûУһЩӲݣɫĺͷɫâӲݣʲôûС
ҲͻȻûˡ
Ѿ߽еƱֵͻȻͣס㶵Ŀûزˮͬʱ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ǮͻȻֹͣ轣˺ľȫͬʱһƨɵڵϡ
úӱͬʱУǶ˱˴ֻʣһµģ
ͣˣǹľֹҲͣˡ
ǣʲôŵ͵͵´
ȻһƱҿǰǲ󣬼ҽȥѡѧ
˵ǰһкܶ衣
Ǯ˵ҿһצҪҡ
˵ҿȺֳˣǵص˹
úӱȴ˵˺ͷ
Ҳûʣǵǿģǻþ
ĬһĳĬ
ֻзХ
紵
Χһ˿˿ƯСϪ֮ϣֻһĹԽԽŨԽԽأѿ˱˴˵Ӱ
ۡͻȻִֵ
ŵֿʼ³ͷˣȴֻܿŨص
Լ䣬ȴˮ춯֪Ʊֿʼǰߡ
ǮŨصĴϢŨд֪һֿʼ轣һֿצǵصķ䡣
ûúӱŲ֪ûмѶԷ·˭Ҳ֪ǿʲô
ҲǿһſʵĴҲǿԼеİӣǳЦ
Ųֻ֪֪СϪȻСмˮȴǰߣȥڵ״̬ȥܻܿ
ͣ轣ȥñ˶֣ǾͻԼڰߡ
ۣۡڼֵ
Ƭֲ˵СƬҲͲķԲ
һŴûĶٶȺܿ죬쵽գۼ䣬ԼΡ
һУ˲þǻþҪ˵
亹Լľߣǲǻһ轣ӣ
ȴɢߵŨôķ磬
һһϣͻȻһͨϸббͻȻһӡ
һŨɫâ뽣ȥСţһƬɫĻֻգ֮䣬Ƭֱ㻯һƬҽеյһɶ
ûˣûˣҲûˡ
ڿƬտģһɫӰӣӰӺСֻܵĴС

ʲôû룬ǸӰǰԾͬʱеĽٴλӳ
ǣŸոջӳűǻӰһʧԼǰ
˿ҲͻȻȥ˿յĵ֮ϡ
żţǻӰٶ̫ˣ¼ٶȡ
ôΪʲôʧʲô
Ų֪
Ȼûɱǲ֪ĹĽȴͣˡ
ͻȻִŮӵļ
һĪ˶ѹˣ
ŮӵĽ֮ŨִƱҿû
ЦЦ˵Ļ֤û¡
ǣ˺ܾãȴûǮ˵
Ǯ࣬ˣźһ
û˻ش
ͻȻе䡣
дϤϤ֪Ůڴ·
ʶ̽뿴Ůӣ뿴Ǯ˵ôˣǣȴʲôҲûпŨܹ谭ʶһ׵ķΧŶӦǴҲûз顣
ŵĸ䡣
ڣֻ˰죬ôΣգʱ䣬ܰùȥ
СĵĻӶеĽýɫĻ棬һߵŲҴΧĶƱõˡ
һŸոİȥڿӱãɫ԰׵վƱֵҲˮ˻ʪվڰߣɫһҲŮӺö١
Ǯأʵеɳơ
ĸͬʱҡҡͷ
ƾż䣬֮ǰվĵطȥеĽСģŨ˵ˡ
һ߽һɢߵŨڿǮࡣ
ڵϣԲѡ
ǰ˼ſˣţ۾յýģϻѪ
Ŵ󾪣æǬָȡһƿƿ޹ޣˣ˿һˣǰ̳̽
⴦˾ֻƫ˰硣
ŵĶͷ飬ʱӱƱҲĿ˺һᣬŵ⵽ô£
һһУǾͻþ֪Ǯ˸ոֿʲôһǻǮһɱˡ
úӱ嶶һ£˱˴˶һۣǸոҲڻ򶷣ʲô
ƱҲ˴˶һۣǿ־塣أǿֵܰ
ʱһȥǮ˶˹ŵĽ֮˶һ亹
ˣҡ
Ҳ㡣ǿЦЦʱǸͲ֪ʲô飬ֻǣҲˡ
˵ţ˴ӻͳ˴;ᣬ˼һۣʵڲУͶȥɣŷ˵öԣǱġ


142 Ůӵ
һɫâʧǰ
㶵վ˭Ҳ˵һ仰
ݵǰŷҲ㶵վţͣΪʲôֶ˵ʶʲô¼ô˿µĴڣ
ɫҲò԰ף˵Ľߣÿ˵ɫãǰҲûз顣СϪҲ˵˵ͨˣʱ䣬ֻҪˮоͿˡ
ڿǺ񲢲ȫһҪΣգһ㿴ؿڵĶ֪ˡ
Ѿƴˡ
УȥһŷͻȻƮݡƮʯףǵħǰ
ǣȴȥˣǵѾʧȥãȫ硣
Ҳ½ĿǰѾ˵ħš
Ϊʲôʵ
ŷҡҡͷﱾһ磬ҲǸ˷⴦ӵͨˡ
أǾҪԶˣ
̾ϢһŷϣǵĴ;ỹãȥȰɡ
˸ո棬ȴâƱֵͻȻǰ
һ漴һϲȻ;ỹܰǴͻ
Ʊַʲôŷæʵ
ֵܶҡҡͷʱʲôûзֻ̫ˡ˵ţƱ˿ˣҺֵܣ
ŷˣֵһڻþɱ˶ԷôŵһӶԭԼѧķǿߣһĶ
һЩЩҪ󣬱Ʊֵ顣
˿˺ƼֵܣŷͨˣֻҪӱߣͶͨǻˣǾһȥ󡣡
˶٣ŷֵԸǶƽ

صףһ硣
ʱֻʣšǮࡢӱˣֻʱ䣬Ÿ˾ͻȥ
ĸˣɫҲǺܺá
˵ǹﻹ᲻ʵ
ҡҡͷ֪
ǵô죿Ǯൣĵ˵Ҷúӱô죿ĺŶ֣Ǯ֪ܹסþҲǶŮӶ֣룬Ƭ̣ǮͻȻһȥɡ
ֵĿ
Ǯ˵˵Ҳûʲôǹٳ֣ɱûӱҽһӶ޷ԭԼǳΪĵΣ
Ǯļ磬ŵѺ٣Ը⣬ڿʼҵѡ
ǮͻȻЦˣص׺һЦˣȻûгΪӣҺܸˣһҲûаҶһѡ
ЦУǮ˴;ᣬʧһ׹С
ֿ˿ӱãأҪ߻
룬ҪΪŷҵĵӣǽһֱԸ겻ˣһҪԲԸ
ŵ˵ͷӱأ
ңӱһۣģҾġ
ţͻȻһ㶣ϸĿŮӣȴ˶ͷ
ѵոǵĻþǻþˡ
ͷûȥ
ʱҲЩףǹĽܿǴ̼Ǯ̫־壬Ǳ־Ĺ﹥
Ʊ̫ѧϰѧ˲ȽˣܿŮ衣
úӱ̲ס˸£ģ˾ԲֵǺпܼѶԷ·˵ˣȫģϾǸˡ
һЩ飬ŵĵطҲᰲȫǾŰɣȺͶ㵽һᾡǸߵġ
šúӱӦһһʯϡ
ҲǶ˶Щ̲סʵӱãһѧԺ𣿡
˵˵ͷ
סһ𣿡
˵ͷ

ţͻȻһԱ˵ҺӱŹġ
һˣæҲ˵֤˭˵
ɢһЩԼԼܿʮ֮ľҲС˺ܶࡣ
ۣۣۡ˳Ĭʱ򣬲ԶͻȻĽ˲þĽ
һΣȴһֻ﷢кܶͬʱڽС
ۣۣۡ˷һƬ
Ÿоһǿľǰ洫ԼȫоܵסԷԺеʶ
ʱſʯϵŮͻȻվ𣬷˺ű˴˵ȹֻգ֮䣬˱һ˿ң§һȻ˫˫ڲݵϣǡ
ѩ׵ļ޳ȡŨصĴϢۻңŲʧءǹĽʶ֮С
Ҳ˹ȻΣգȻǶܷ񣬶޲ðѶԷڽԼ壬ǱϾûаε
վǰһȥܿߵոյƬٵǰ
ﻹû֪ô£ֻǱԭأܵûƮŴʱܹĿոձյƬյأʱȫ֮ǰǹ
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һԲε
ۡÿһڷֳƬſǰһֱſ棬ֻһĵط
ʲôȫĺëҪǰĹﶨλĻֻ˵죬һڽС
û֫û۾ӡʲôûУһſͱһ죬ۡһ
֮ǰôܵģȶûС
Щơ
ԶͻȻӱô˷ļһ˲ǡ졯
һתͷһۣЩ˵Ӱ
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žãԼҪֹˣǡ졯ĽӱĽֹȻԼǱ˲ɡ
ţƣ֮ϣģĳһɫĹ򣬹ƮԽԽ
һֱƮյص룬ֱҵľ޴Ĵָסָһһɫ䵽֮ϡ
䣡һ죬еĹͻȻըɫĻƮƮڵ棬˿յϵĹС
ǹġ졯ϣֱӱǹճһ̣һۼû£Ǵûֹһ
ŵķһЩϸעǰЩûб
ֻһЩڻ滹ûʱȴһͻȻˡ
һſЩ굽˵¡ǵһʧˡ
һӾֹ
ӱõļҲͣˣֻƲסĴϢ
Ų˲ͷĺˮ⺹ˮҲ֪ʲôʱġ
ĥ˰
ڴʱȴûз֣Χһ߾£


143 Ũе
ӱͻȻѣһ§һԭǺɫֺ˼֣æԼ·ȴ·ˡֻôǬҳȹϡ
˵Ż᲻ῴǡӱͷС˵
ͿɣҪȢġûָıȽϿ죬Ѿÿˡ
ȥ˭ҪȢ޸һࡣ
̧ͷȴûпţǷߵѾˡ
ʱ˵ĲԶ֮ǰƬǰһżΪŨɫ
ţôһܸоžŨУΧûŵӰ
û˻ش
ӱҲǾĿŨô죿
ȥͻȻһŨȥӱĸں档
ǣǻûܵʱȴĿŨȻضƮʮ׵ĿУȻɿǰƮȥת˲ͲӰ
ô£˴վԭأŵĿǰһС
ţԼȥͻȻһƵļȴ˵ԡҪȥŵ飬ԼȥﲻΣա
ӱöһۣȻڵϣѾܹķΧ
ĵص磬űһŨߣд˵
صĴ𣿶ңҲ˵˵ôһ

ʱһҲ֪ʲôҲ磬ʶѵģ֪ԼŨ֮Уûа취жҲղߵŨ
ȻҲ֪ԼѾ뿪úӱʱڿСɹһССĴׯɹһΡĳУɹһɽɹһƬƬɭ֡
֪˶ãŨͣŷһտƽԭ֮ϡ
ȻһɫĹâת˲仯һۺɫӰ¡
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Ȿǲܵһ飬龳ֻҪ˻ţ˶ôصˣ̶ֳȣֻҪ˻ţֺܹ״̬
ڣȴͻȻͳŵߣȻְ°ǰƮȥ
£žһʱʲô˲ˣûȥԼΪʲôҲûȥŨΪʲôƮ
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ʱ䣬ûаŨȴҲûһ
Ѿƣ룬һǰѾƣ롣кڵΣԼʱп·ϡ
ŲͣŨûͣͲͣ
ҲҪ¾ȳ
һȥžȻ漣ûе£ܣΪŨƮ
ֻŴʱӺˣ촽ѳһĿӣȴûѪѪɡ
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ŵĺܴȴǴĻȴܸˬһ㺹û
˭ܹѵ;ƿݵĵز
ӦѾǸˡ
ȴûûȻܣͣܡ
Ϊػ¡
Ҫ£ΪһЩȥкܶ˶ǣΪһЩ鲻ȥҪԼţʱ¼ûܹ
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ֻ
죬һУ¶ܿһԼѪ
һֱڿеĨִ뼱С
ʲôˣź龳ʵӵɫһʹܲˣʲô
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һȺ׶ˣŹƤ׺ݵĴӣкſ˫ۣСŮǰľƤ޲ͣĴͷϡϡкڼֲסڵϡŮ˵кϣıк

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źŨ֮䣬ֻǡ
ͽħޣǡ
һ龳ǿߣҪԸֻǣֶԲ
ڵŲУڣһֻǶӦöԸˡ
ǰѾģŲûпǣֻԼԼĿŨ
ûͣǿ˷ҲͣΪǰ棬¡
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£žȻɱ˷ǣ
µˮĺУȴһȫ
һֻǴӱһӾͰײ÷ȻֱӷɵŨԱߣصˤڵϡ
һˤžȻһЩ̧ͷȴ۾
֪ΪΣͻȻܹŨˡ
ңҲͻȻµ棬棡´ĺš
ЦЦͻȻٽǰŨȥ֪зǣҲûпһֻۡſȳ£ŨһƮߡ֪ʧȥλᣬԼͲپȳˡ
ʣµͷǣѵ󣬸߸ߵľצӣһŵĺ󱳣һŵͷ
µ¶ŨŨĿ־壬ƴǰԾȥһΣŨûסµ壬һۺɫĹâŨ
ͷûзֱӻŻ棬գۼ㱻յøɸɾ
µĻڿֹ嶶ͣڸոһ˲䣬Żˣʧȥţһʧȥʲô
²
ͻȻתϸĿ£ðβ˵£ûˣ
ţЩʣˮ
ͻȻúһۺɫëĻƣһۺȹ
ŽıԼУͻȻޡ


144 ʵ
ŷ廹վݵǰܲƽ
ӱѾˣѾˡ
ˣôûлʲôŷ벻ף벻ףһôһ˴ߣ¼ôܻ
Ҳ֪úӱ˵ѣҲû˵ѵıҪ
Լ̫˽ص׵ǸˡŷһЩΪʲô֮ǰԼȥһ
ŷ嵱Ȼ֪ʱŸոմӻ
ۣŷԼµĻУ»ᣬ廹Ķסĳš
һʱûзӦðԼڻ֮ǰ飬ϲ¶Цݣ£ûˣ̫ˡ
ţˡæĨĨϵˮ˵˵
»ǿվȴоһ˿һ£о쳣ء
üͷ΢΢£ۣʶڣȴȵķ֣ڵȻһ㶼ûˡ
ͷ˿ŵ׷죬ľˣңѻָˡ
£أڻ𣿡
ҡҡͷͨģ㶼ûˣȻҲûˡµͷ˵ûиţԼΪ˾֮ʱºľڵľԼľ
̾ϢһŻһ˿ϣٴΰʶڣÿһÿһͼܹҵһֻҪһ㣬žָܹ
һӺֳʧ֮ɫȫ£ֻС֮дһǵյĻ֮ӣʱȴһҲſơ
űķ֣ԼȻȫһͨˣ׽׶λ硣
Ҳáµͷ˵ΪңͲܻ˵ţµˮʱڱ״̬һ
µͷЦЦ£Ȳ㣬һʲôãǩػԼʱҿ¹ԵģҪİȫ
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148 
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151 һʽ
ѺԶŵ˵ȴŵˣǸĸ
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159 
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161 ծ1
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162 ծ2
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ջһͷסһһŮһ䣬ʮҵŮⲻĿˡú񲻻顣
ڶһԽӽʮŮûŵʶͣ۲һŮϴ裬ڿ顣һ֮Ҳ߽ȥϴ衣ϴߣѵŮһ𣬶Ҫ
ŵʶԼڵķ䣬ǿջסһһŮķ䡣
ŮĴԼʮ߰꣬Ųӣһصɫȹĺһ㣬˵󣬵Ҳһһߣ΢Щ֣ڴߣĿԼϷŵһźߵĳǹ֪ʲôɣмʦҲƲʲôûɴжϵԭǹһûУͨҺ֮ɫȴܴ֣г˵ȭͷϸҺ֣ͨڣɣһ㵯ԶûУźܻһŹܲΪĴѰһ飬ȴûзż֧ĵط
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ɽȽΣգħ޺ܶ࣬ǲİɣϾܰȫӶ˶٣˵ʵǲôҪ󣬸Ҳñ̻ȥɽУҲ֪ܱܲ㡣
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š̻˵ԼҪûʲôҾܸоԡֱ̻ĵĿŸ磬磬Ҫͱȥˣһ⣬ֻǽΪʲôһҪȥɽﻹһ
ͷôһ˵ҲЩԾԿóһ񾭵ˣҲӦûʲôɣôˣǺ龳ϵĸ֣Ҫ뺦ǣͲҪʲôı
ֱ̻ͷǰֵˣԼö˱˵зԵħˣҪ͸һʽסֱ̻һֱú֣Էô֪Ƿԣս֮УǵľȸߣҲ̽ԡοҲǺ龳ľ磬δؾͱЩ˵ʵ
Ҫ׵ĻΪʲôַҪɽȥʱ˵ϣҪСΪʲôܾջｻأ̻һֱ֡Ҳ˵ԷҪԼãͲҪʲôı֮˶Ǻ龳ľ硣
ö˵ĶԻҲ˼֮У鲢Լ򵥣ƶЩ˾Ҫֿ


164 
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֮ǰö˵ĶԻóֱ̻һ⾳ĴڣȻҲ˵Ҫˡ
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Ҳ뵽ǵĿģɱӦǰŪԼһΪһˡ
ôĽףȻһƭ֡ΣգΣյȻֱֻ̻Ҫץֱ̻ö˷ֿô죿µʱǲǻһֱѰԼãǲǾҲûʱ
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һҹʱܿȥҲܿ
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ʵ֤ŵĲ²ȷģո뿪ջãֱ߽̻ķ䣬ƶޡ
ֱ̻Ȼػ޶ûУŹҲȷʵֻǰ裬һûУֱ̻㱻˴˿ջǡֱ̻ʲôûдߣֻĹ
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166 ҵȸ
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ޡŷ·򸾣ʮˮûмˡ
վɽĸˮͻȻ㶣漴ɫŸոǲ
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ֻˮᵣģѾﵽ˺龳߲㣬ҲѧѧĵȼƷĵ͡Ǹˮ֪ɽȵɽϣͷԵħˣ뿪󣬱ûټͷꡣ
ˮǵãԼʮǰ뿪ŷҵʱͷɽҲûܹɱͷ꣬Ǵﵽ˺龳ҲС
ڷˣˮȻ֪ʲôģֻֻ֪ƾź龳׵ѧһ㡣Ҳˣˮвһ㵣ģŻš
̾ϢһˮǰһȻ˱ʧɽһ֪Լٲ뿪ˡ

һƬ֣һС
Сֱߡ
ѷſֱ̻֣Сϣߵĺ
ֱ̻ϵ֮ɫŨͻȻ˵ҪȥҸ硣
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ֱ̻ȴ˵Ǻ龳ľ磬ұһҲΪġǸո㾹ȻܹʩչɣȻҲǲڸ硣
Ų˵ȴֱֱ̻̻뷨
ץҵĳˣǸոȴûаնԸǣҲǿ¸Σա
Żڿֱ̻ǣΣգҲﲻæ
ұҪȥֱ̻ͻȻͣסŲŴ
ųĬƬ̣ãȥ
ȻˮѾԼţҲ֪ԼĴڣôҲȻŹԼˡҲҪֱ̻ǳˡ
ǣŴֱ̻ȥ
ţ֪֪ЩΪʲôҪץңֱ̻̲סʵѱ̫á
ŵ˵ͷΪ硣
Ҹ磿ֱ̻סʵ벻ףԼöֻǸոǣΪʲô˵ϸ磬ôûеκˣֹǣκεطûгˡ
룬ԼĶֱ̻
ܲػôôأŵĻֱ̻Щ벻סѵֻǸﵽ˺龳㣬ԷҪ˸
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ߵţֱ̻жһ˿ͬ飬֪һ˺ܶ࣬һ˺ܶ
һ·ǣûмֱӴֱ̻Уͨջ
ֱ̻ķ䣬ȴûп
ֱ̻Щˣһץסŵĸ첲һ˿ǻôûл᲻ᷢʲô⣿
ҡҡͷӦòᣬҲµĲӦǳȥˡ
ȥˡֱ̻ţǣô֪Ҫأ
Ҳ㣬Ӧû
šֱ̻ŵĻеҲԼһġ
Ҿȸ硣ֱ̻ᶨ˵
ͲٱץߣҲҲ㡣
ŵĻֱ̻̲סһǰ˰ԼץߣҲҲԼô죿
ţܲҵȸ硣ֱ̻ͷõ͵òٵ͵˵


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˵ͷߵʱ˵ܻǿԵ죬ֻҪ˻Ȼͻ֪ŵˣʱһȥԸš
šŷ±ʾͬ漴ֵȫԽǶõ飬ɱƶ򸾣ֱ̻Լ˳ҹƵûȻǻؿջȥˡ
ͻȻӵûȥɽûҵˣȻȥֱ̻ڿջһἱĴѰңˣֱ̻ȥʱ򣬺ܿܿ
ŷµԣֻҪȥջֱ̻ץǵļƻˣһξͰ˭ٰȳ
Ƭֻ̣ȥʱѾˡ
Ҳûйϵ˵ţŷ¿ԼķһۣһȥһǾӲֱ̻֪ҲûʲôֻҪֱ֪̻ץȥЧҲһġ
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ǵӡУŸȥһİˡ
ˣûһ뵽Ҳڿջ֮С

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Ҳ뿪ģȻҲˣҲһͻأţһº𣿡ֱ̻ᶼˣͰ͵Ŀš
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ֱ̻㶣ֵĿŵ㲻˵ƭ𣿡
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Ŷ˵Ҫ÷Եħ˻ĻħˡػǷԵģȻҪͶԷˡ
лԵħˣ֣ҲЩӿ죬ԵħˣҪֵԼ೤ʱ
ǰԵħ޲Ǻϡ棬ϵġȻҲôʹﵽ龳ˣΪħ˵ĹϵЩ꣬˺ܶħ˺ҩγ뻻ȡһѧģ˵ҪѧķҺ͸ŲԶ
ѧķǰһԼԲܴˣ˵ѧֻķžͼһı״һ׻ƽµȵķҲð
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һ˵лԵħˣڱֱ̻ߣſҲˡԵ̫ѣĻŵȻŹҲûпԵħء
ţлл㣬Ǹˡֱ̻мĿţʱУżֱʹĻ
ֱ̻ǻŵԵЩ˼ˣֱ֪̻Լ˼ˣԼҪҲΪֱ̻ûΣյԭ
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ŷ·򸾡
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ˣžȻҲЦˣܸˣ
ȻŷµҲأô᲻ˣ
ֻǷˣʵ벻ʲôɸ˵ġźЦ˵
ŷµǷ˶Ըѵ𣿾Ǻ龳Σ
ӣƶҲǺ龳㣬֪Σ
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ǣɱƶڵĻɽϸķɣУɱˡ
ֳ֪̫ĶضᾪʱԼ뿪ˡŷ·ͬΪܰµģЩ涨ǶûãǿԷֶΪ
ˣҪԸˣսپУңҪ֪
ŷһ֮ȻҲʶһ㣬ٴθЦݣɱƶΣţ㲻Ҫˣǡ
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ͬʱһۺɫĹâͻȻߣ漴һֻۺɫСģ
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񽣷С
׽һУŷѧᣬҲ㲻
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ŷûóŵĽѴš
һŻȼƺϨŷµ˱ʧԭأֻһ̡
ŷµԼɷʧԣæ̽ȥһֻǬ
ǣֲŸոնȴͻȻͣסѵؿڣССצѵһָ
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ڽģǹķ꣬ûܳסµϬһָοֻ龳ŷӣ
һָѵ£
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һ棬ŷӵʬ͸ոմϷġûпģػޣѻһŻ档
Ƭ֮䣬ֶһ̡һЩζոպʲôҲûзһ
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һ̫ͻȻ̫ˣ龳ǿߣȻֻգۼ㱻ɱʬ嶼û¡
ţǿʲôز
ѹ֣һˣ͸һܵ鷳ѹ̸֣ܵʱһҲ¡
𽣣˿ϱ൱ḻֱ̻ЦЦˡ


168 
ŵĻٴαƿһƣ˽
磬ֱ̻˵ֻһ¾˵ĻС
Ƭ̣ȻŷӦĵãû̫ˣܵȥˣˡ
ҡֱ̻˵һȴȻ뵽ŻԱߣæ뿪ĻҸ˵Ķˣ磬һѡֱ̻һ˵һŵԱߵţ磬žңȻ¸Ҳء
ţҲǲŷлˣոʵ̫ˣͷЩ˼ʵ⵽ô£
ֱ̻ߺ󲻾ãˡ
ֱ̻Ľߣɫһ任һģǰһ̴ľʱһм
ģһŹǵġߵ˵漴ͻȻʲôͨȥֵܣζ˱̻ԶĴ£ӽԺġ
һû뵽ˣæǰ𣬵ʹãȳֻ̻ΪЩҵĳˡ
Ż䣬ʲôԭ򣬱̻Ȼģ͹ˡһֻһȣһˣ˵Щֻ֪飬ҪһһӽԺֻҪֵ飬顣
۾𣬿ǰоҲЩ֣صĵãȻִ˿ţӽԺǾѡ
šصĵͷ
ֱ̻ҲһЦ̫ˣˣˣţ֪أ
ʮˡЦЦأ
Ҷʮ˵
ʮߣԺҾͽŸòãֱ̻
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ֱ̻˵ֱֵ̫ˣԺҾˡ
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¶ǣֱ̻ϸһΣⷿôеΣǵ𣿡ֱ̻Щˡ
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ˣˡֱ̻ǺЦ˵漴һ¶ǣȻͨһֱӴϻȥЩֵ徹ҵĵ淢顯һ졣
źһۣͬʱЦ̻̫ɰˣȻò㲻ȴܵ
ѱ̻Ūϣżȡ
ڱߺȱУҲ֪ȥɽûһˣ˰ŻȴԼãʱԼƭˣæĴѰңһֱ˲һһҹŻȻֱֵ̻֪ľôܲмţ
ִ磬÷ħ˻Ļħ𣿡ʵ
š˵ͷȺƭӣһŹǵġ
ûϾȥǵҲзħˣִ磬Һ㻻Եħ˰ɡ
ţУһ㶣ǣԵħҪԵػ޲ãȻͨħˡֵܣػǻԵ𣿡
ֱ̻ʱţһ˵Ÿػ޾ǻԵģۿŷ·򸾱յһɶ
ֱֻ̻Ѿ²֪Ҳδˡ
ŵǰڵǻԵġ
ˡЦЦ漴ӻħˡ
ħ˺ͨħ˴СûʲôֻͨɫһŻȼգɢһȵϢܹĸоħ̺żΪĻ
Ǭָһһöɫħ˱С
ħ˳ֵһ˲䣬۾ֱˣϸĿеħˣðβž߽ħˣǸ߽ħ˰ţôŪġ
Ҳѹ߽״Եػޣ˵Ǻ龳Ǻ⾳ǿߣҲȡħˣǸ߽׵ģ˵ֱǼֵǵıֻһöħˣڹؼ֮ʱпͻС㾳磬ɼһߡ
ЦЦǻԵɺ֮½ҵõģҪҲûãڿԺʹ绻ˡ
ֶЩǣĻ̫ˣһŸ߽ħˣнħ˿ȵģǵļֵҲ̫ˡ
ǲѾ𣬸ҪֵôŵοԵħˣǱҵУȴʲôҲûСֻҪִóͺˡ
˵ţŰеħ˵ݸ
ɫЩ죬˫ЩĽӹö߽ħˣͬʱԼöħ˽ţⲻУ̫ˡ
һ˵һߴӻ͡
Ķŵ۾ԽԽÿһηŵϣϱҩ
ȻֻҩĻŲ⣬ǣȴǾķ֣ЩҩУȻ󲿷ֶԻħ֮
ֻһĹ˳ԷϱȻϰ֮ࡣ
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ųһ£ûƴǣϸǬָУȻŵҾˣЩȷʵҺá˶٣ִֵ磬ôôɼİ
ŵ֪УƷϵҩײɼģǽɽҲδػкܶ࣬οֻҩеһ֣ҪһҲ£ϰ꣬ˡҪ֪ǼϡȱĴڣ򶼲һ׵顣
ЦЦҺͱ̻СɽгЩһֱģǸطػĽ紦Ϊ˱ˣ˶ȥɽеҩħ޶Ҫȹɽܶ࣬ǴԵħҲʱܹЩҩҲûʲôֻħ޼ΪöԸֵʱȥƾ˵ʵɱħһ࣬ʵҲ
һâ˶ٵʱ䣬һȥ㣬ʱһҪסһЩʱա
˵ȷʵȥһˣܹɱԵħޣôûķҲ
ã̳ĵ
ͷƸɡ
ʶţܸˡôͱ̻һֱһССɽ壬ΪҲûйѣһͶԵôҲûֹ
ֺŴӻһ鵭ɫľʯϸĿ˿߽׷ħ޵ľʯҲܵõ𣿡
Щתħ޸оΣյʱ򣬱Ȼͷžʯսʯ˵ħǿҪɱһֻħޣͨҪٵʯġȻҲ֪ʵԶԶħޣôڲٻʯɱħޣʯҲᱣȴôΪʯûʲôá߽״ԵħޣҪ벻ٵʯͺˣǵҪʲôʵܹ
ЦЦûн;ʯԴִǬָڣһܲȥʯı֮ԣöħļֵԶԶ߳һöħˡ


169µ
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㶵ĿţЩŵĻҲҪʲôֻܺĿš
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ȫһǰѾƶˣ˲ͷֱ̻ܿ㷢¶ȱ仯ԭߵߣһĿŵģҲ֪Ҫʲô
˻֣һɫĹֱѱ̻Уֱ̻ʱоࡣ
ֱ̻һЦ翴³çǶԼȴǼΪϸģҲһࡣ
ɫĻ澲ȼգһħһ̲Һ壬ʱƣҺֿʼתΪ塣
ϸĸĵı仯ﵽһ̶Ⱥűһǧ˲ͶУĺܿ죬ֻת֮㻯壬ħϺ󣬾ǲı仯һЩ֮룬Ѹٴħ֮зʣµȴɫĻιס͸ܹøŨֳһִɫ
ˣʱңħȫתΪ壬ʱ֮Уʮǧ˲ΣҩȻȥһ롣
ģĶͷкˮȵģǽšǿ֮Уʲôˡ
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ħ˲СɢŨɫâĵɫȥһŨϢӵɢкͻȻһ磬ŵķ硣
ŰѵķУЦɹˣⵤЧԲһŸ߽ħִ磬͸ˡ
㶵ĽӹûдзӦκͻȻôԣŵֵǣôܹأ˵ţҪѵͻš
ûӣöִ˵úܴ󣬶ȴһöûСѣͲҪƴǡ
ţ˿ãҾˡܹʶ㣬ջʲôѧķڶһҲҪˡ
ЦЦִ磬öܹϸ߽ħЧ֪ʲôʱã
˼Ƭ̣֣ص˵źãҵ龳ŲʮʱãʱƾöпͻƵ⾳
ŵ˵ͷȻ³çȴһϸ֮ˣڵõܹʵĻʱȻ侲뵽ѵҪʱ
ֵܣȻܹɸ߽׵ķħǲҲɻԵħãħõ
ŵ˵ͷӦÿԣħȴˡ
Ϊʲôֱ̻ЩסΪʲô˵
ŵŷ·ѾɱʱˣЩӦҲѾˣܻܿٴϾУǷǽ˶٣żԣӦ뿪ˡ
ŵĻö˵˵ͷǵģջһȫ֮
ȥģ˵
ȳ˵ɡ
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뿪ջܿǡ

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¥Ĵһȥ̨ʱˮ;̨ϣһҹɫһ仰Ҳ˵ǫ̂ϣڴС
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˵ﵽһأʱͲˣΪʲôôʱ仹ûл̲ס˵
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޳̾ϢһҲǵҪ֪ǿɶΪ˰£һġ
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⣬źöĿţҪȥĲܱܿܵأ
ų˼Ƭ̣ͻȻ뵽һطӦÿԱܿһ󡣡
Ķöʵ
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ȴû̫࣬Ȼ˵УˣֱӱǻʲôǸϿȥɡ
ССĽΧһƬǽ壬۾˺һᣬѿﾭһսɵģ˿СݣһŰѱ̻ȳȥԼҵҲôԼõʲôӣ
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ȥʹ˦˦ͷ߽С
һƬڣֱֲָ̻ץŸĸ첲ЩĻ᲻С
ֱһɫĻеһУֱ̻Ĳŷ
ţħֱɡͻȻ˵
ŵ˵ͷţҲҪԭڱĲܻܿᱻ֣ͲͬˣСݵܹһС
ԭˡҺͱ̻㡣
鷳ִˡ˵
Ȼû˵ŻǺ棬Լ˻ħܻܿԼһΣڽҪͷ˴롣ʱǲӦģ޺ʵŷºƶˣܹӦó˶Ǻ龳߲ľ磬һȻܹϬһָȡʤϬһָȴһȱݣһóȫһգֻ˻ãŻ£ǶԷͬʹԼˣű뾡ʵԼĽսʤޡ


170 սǰϦ
ճƮԷ¥Ҳ˴̨̨ȴû˸ˮӰ
ȴУҲڣǶˮȻ̨ϣڲԶߣΣգˮһǰ
ʮҲ֮սȴһֱҲûΣա
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ܵ˵ͷ֪ˡ
ˣסȻỳɻܵĻȻ뿪ǣзȻǹӣͨȨƣϣȻҲкܶܡ
һַؤܾǻܵˣһŵӵСҲǻܵˡ
Щ޿ܶʶǰҲʶһ
û˻֪ܵȫܣ˭⡣
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뵽ǿܳˣ벻ǻУţҲ֪˭ܹɱ
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ߣȥǡһ˵һ˳ȥ
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ǣͨջ߽סķ䡣
ʰĺܸɾȴûˣһ˶ûС
¿һۣŷ·򸾾һֱû򶷵ȴһֱûٳ
û򶷵ٴסѾ֪ʱźڣǣΪʲô򶷵ûУ˾ʧУʵѾܺŷ´ƽ֡
ô˾Ͳˡܹĳŷ·򸾲һ߽⵽һֵ˵Ȼţһûз㡣ŷ·򸾲һ۸ڶˣ෴ʲôǶܹܽɱƾľʵ͵Ϯŷ·򸾲Ļᡣ
ֻǣϴαǹȣʱ䡣ôǿʵֻһ˲ɱ龳ǿߣʲôľܹһ㣿
ͻȻúЩ䡣ͻȻ˺ܿ¡ѹָո֪ŻŵϢܱ˸ɱȷʵ̫ˡ
ȴһֱ߽ܰܲϲվţֻҪĵطվŵʱ
ͻȻҲ֣ڳʱ޾ֻһŵŮӣԼһһһ̬ܿദһʱ֮־òģȻŵȴҲûʲô顣
ģַЩЩ룬˼룬˵񶼺ǲһһʱ䣬һֱҲ벻ΪʲôҪôҶģֱһΣ޿ʵеԭȻԼǺ龳߲ľ磬ѧȴɲ⣬Լ֣ʮҲ߲ȥ졢ءƣѧֵȼеĲǾ޴ģֻһȼǷļɣʽ棬Ҳ֮
УҲû¹ʲôΣգܱ򶨣޽Ƿ֣ԭԻܣҲûа⡣ΪʲôͻȻ뵽᲻ΪˮԭʲôĵطǷԲﶼԲܲ˵ĵطֻҪΣգˮһߡ
ˣǲŻ˵ֻҪǸˮȥûȥ˵ĵطǣƫƫԸˮܷҲ벻ĵطһ˳ˣôŮ˾ܾ
ԽԽ֣ʹ˦˦ͷǿԼҪȥЩҲӦȥ⡣
תȦȻڣҾҳŵλãȻȥɱ
޵˵ͷᡮŶһ
ϥڴϣǽ״̬֪ʩչһĹ״̬£ܹӦԲҪҵˡ
кͻȻһĹâ漴ȥڹâͬʱ˻һۡ
бһƬ˰ʱ۾
ģͻȻʵ
ҡҡͷҾȻӦڲС
оΣˣ޵
ٴҡҡͷӦòᣬң뿪ﻹһʱһ뿪Ļãֱ̻ػ޶ûУô̵ʱ߲
˵ͻȻһˣһ뿪ģֻҪҵãҲҵˡ
䣬£Ŀ״̬
޴ʱףԭ⹦һֻһ˰
ǰʱȻվɽ֮ǰֱ̻Сݣ˶٣ֵѹҲȻǼţؿ㻹ܡ
ȥˡͻȻվ˵ȥ
ȴ˻һۣܵ˵ͷޱ˳ȥ

߳ͨջʱŻħħн׵ģûлǿħôʱ䣬ȫҲûгһʱͬʱҲûôħҲֻѡɴ˿Կнħڸ߽Ҫ˺ܶ࣬ħ˱ȣǾǿЩûˡŸоóħɵĵԲһнħ
һнħ൱ʮнħˡһħֻҪħļֵߣһЩʱҲ֣Ǯͨܵͣô󡣵ڵоͲͬˣͬȼħ˵ħҪͳ٣ȻͨƷҩһħֻҪ꣬ħҪϺܶ࣬Ҫ֪һöħҪʮħ˲ܺϳɡ
οԵħ˺ܹյʮϳħħͲͬˣֻҪ㹻ʵһͷħ޾Ϳڳһ
ħ֮ûԥֱӱһö


171 
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ֻյıȽʱԳûķˣŻһķ͵ȵĻƽµķҪŵҲòϰʱ䣬ڣȴҲҪʱࡣ
һɫĻɢһסȫʱȫʶ֮УһҲоĶ
ܴȴ紵óȴһҲīĺơ
ӣһ꼴١
ͷͣˣӦþ֮ʱ
վСݵǰվڿСֱ̻վһ·ġ
վʱѾ̡
۾ͻȻӰɽ£ֻգգۣӰСݽ˺ܶ࣬תͷһӾͰֱ̻ƽСУתʱȴѾԼǰ״
ŮӣһĿѣһȴֻһ˾ĺӡ
û˵۾һգգעˣȻʶޣܹµĳڿջȾƵʱϸ˵ǵӣҲ˵ǵʵ
һһϣжһѾ޸ӽ׳ĸĥ̰ĸмΪͨɢɫâ
еľ޸ȴͻȻЦˣǰ߳һһ߳徹Ȼ˱仯񳤸һЩȻ߳˵ڶһεı仯ԣָ߳࣬ǰȻ߸
ŵ޾ǱһŮˣɫȻֻܲǸЩһߣԭģһСŮһĹǹùСС˶С
۾УͦһˣܰԼŪһСģ
ЦЦΪЩˣֳɵĴﲻȤȴ԰˾СŮ֡
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ַɳ֮ǷۺɫԳӰֱ̻Ŀţͨջŷ·ȥ֮ʱһۺɫֱ֣ɱŷµӡǴε鷢̫죬ֱ̻ûпۺɫӣһֱΪʹõİ
ʱǾȵķ֣ǷۺɫȻһɰСһۺɫëһۺȹ
һֱͻȻ˫ۣһ˲䣬ȻɫΧûл档
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죺ˣԵȱ̫࣬˷治а
˵λòϣȻŪˡ


172 е
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ǣֻˣȻһѪȴ̫أź£ѿա
ֳ֮ɫ˲ǵѪˡ
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ǰȥţȻȲˣѹ˲ôࡣ
ʱһҫ۵ĽͻȻ仮ʣյΧһɫ
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Ľ
һ̫ͻȻȸոŵϬһָҪͻȻ˭뵽һֱΪܰ£˻ʮȻڴʱԻ֣
벻벻ֱ̻벻Ҳ벻
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Ÿոմ̳ܱתӣָֻס˽档
ոźµϬһָȻûˣȴء
һסָ΢΢һĽ㵽С
ţܱ̳һʺ


173 
һ̳硣
ѱۣ֪Լ㲻ܵһ
ǰһУסֱ̻סҲס
һûסˮûС
ԣû
ֻҪˮţ㲻
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˵ҽӵһԸ龳ʼұ֪ߣǵһɱĻᡣϧʧˡ
ȻһζԻƬεĶԻУĴš
ʮǰʮˣʱĺ֣ܿ͸ĸһİְ趼Ǻ龳ǿߣȴӲˣҲû֪ʵΪһԺͨķޡ
ת䣬Ϊʮǰӵǵգ̬֪жΪߵвƵһҹҲǶһ飬þǧ㷽ҲûӮ֮ȻӲֱӰѻ̧ǰҪ߲ɡ
״ŭڳ֣˭֪һʧȴǼҵĹӴˡ
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ǼȻǮȻҲóʮȷʵǷˡ
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174 ׻
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Ҫɱżᶨ˵
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˶٣ˮֿܾͽ˺òã
˵ͷ¶һ˿ЦݣӴԺҾֻ㡣
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Ц̫ˮˣֱ̻öЦ֮С
ֻûһ˲䣬ȴͻȻ룬ȴûЦ
ͻȻ뵽ܹһЦضǡ
ź뿴Цݡ
²֪ʲôʱżͷſСɱ˻ܣȢɡ
ŵͷȴһۺɫǬָС
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ŸȤĵǮȷʵǮϵĶˣŪϰҲ⡣
ˮȴƽͬĶȫسߵԸһǮ򵽣˵󲿷ֵĶҪġ
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˶û˵ĶԻûȴûʣֻҪ͸ˮһʲôٹģҲںˮҪֻҪˮȥҲԸš
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Ұʱ˷ܵķֱ̫ˣڱϾҪﵽ龳أСսˣҪ˶ãӦþ׷ϸˡ
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ЩĿ˿Ź̻ŹҪҲû뿪ϰɡ
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˶٣ֵţأҪʲô
ķֻǲ֪ܲ𡣡


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˴ӿջ߳һ·˵Цǵ
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סЦݽϡǰʽ˵ᣬҲһ׵顣
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Ѷվֱ̻ߣվұߣһǣס̻һֱֻ֣ӾȺ˽ȥ
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˭ˣ
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ͷһֵ˶ڴܣҪҾжҡ
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Ʊˣ֪缸Ʊˣܲ򵽻һء
ȷʵˣһаµʱ䣬ƱֻƱˣǰʮƱˡ
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176·չ
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ûŰһΰťн
˵ȴֻһʼҪȥӵķˣƷ˵С


177 ޷ѧϰ
һܴķ䣬ȴֻˡ
źͳķˡ
һʮࡢǿ׳ˡ˵д޸˵ǶʦΪû޷ϰнҲ޷Ϊн׶ʦ
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ȻҲڵĵӡ˵ţóԼСӣϷһĹ⣬ӱݵ֤
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ˮԵħ̫ѣԵĹҲûʲô죬ʱһű״ĵġ
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ֻһöħȻŴ̫鷳ϾѾǺ龳ʵŴʱûдﵽ龳Ҳöġ
˼Ƭ̣ŰˮħУǵڼ漴ڻΪһɾȻϣһ֣ԭĻ˳ͻڷײ໥
׼æűķڵһֵ·˶ֻת˲֮䣬ķ뿪İ߾
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𾪵ǰһ仰
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ˡԶƽ˵ᣬɶУȴըһ졣
ˡظһ䣬ľƺѱЩͻȻ̧ͷһ˫Ѫ۾Զû䣡ⲻƽ
վ˵һ࣬˿ڵϵɣ¶һ˿֮ɫͻȻԼʶˣͻȻܿˡ
ԭ򲢲Ϊⳡ䣬޳ʤ˭Ԥϣģ䲻ģ
ܲɳܣ۶˭˵ʧܶǿɳܵ飬ɳܵģ䲻
ûܹˣ蹷һˡ
ƽͻȻ䣬Ҽǵûⳡģȥҹ֤Ҳɡʤ˵ƽ˼̻Զ𣿡
㶣û뵽ԼոյĻȴǼˣæҲǸ˼
ݺݵĵԶɵΪʲôôˣΪʲôһҲ֪
ԶƽĿɣ˼Ҫǰ֪ͨһ㲻óһҲˣ
һҲɵϺȻֳ֮ɫ촽ŵΪʲôҪóһļҲΪʲôҪҵļҲ͸㣿
Զû˵ֻ̧ͷһۡ
ģ֮ڣҵһҲһỮҵ£ɲôеļҵᱻûա
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ͻȻ˿һֱվԶ磬ͻȻڵ磿
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182 
źȴû뿪ңֵ죬ֱҰһҵ˳ŲŸǶȥ
һֱͳϧϧ
һ·ո·һ߾һ֮ãԽԽ٣ҲԽԽϡ
ӽ磬û硣
һǰҪСࡣ˵ǳЩǿһȦòʱ
ҪһȦƵʱ䣬ɼĲж
ǰûбʿأǸŶûУֻǳǽϿһΣ߽ȥһֵ
ǣػı߾ˣʵػҲܲǿ˵һĳǳء˵и죬ǾͿԵˡ
߽Уȴһ˶ûУЩֵĵôô壿
Ǹûз磬ҲûƣڻǿõӣһСׯҲ˳ɹ̫
ﱾûһ˵ģҾ·ߵ̴󲿷ֶŲֻмҷݾ¥ŻţǴӴӿȥҲһˡ
˴ʱߵֵ֣һ֣֪
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôһ˶Ӧð˵ʱ򣬱ǴѩɽĺҲû߶ʱ򰡡ҲЩơֹһǣǰƱһЩƷҪǲɹʱѾϣǴҲû侲ʱ
ֱ̻ôֲסֻ·
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ֱ̻ˣܸоҪʲôƵģֱӳǰɣǰʮСڳ԰ɡ
Ҳ˵ͷ̻ģ߰ɣʮ·̿ϣõ硣
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һĳûţڳǶߣȴվ20ʿÿжһѷ䵶
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183 
Ůӿ20ҵͣЩݣһߣһĹ
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죬¼Ҳֻзܹ˵ĻҲֻзܹĳӵ޾⣡
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184 
ͣ£˳õͻȻһΣжʮ˿ڣе˿ڻѪɫ԰ףʱϵǹƣ
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ǰ᲻áõСʵں뵽ˣȻôС˵Ǻܲһ顣ֻ˵һ䣬ֱ󣬷˵ϲϲսӣҲҾͼ޸
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ŵ˵ͷǬָһбһɢɫâķġ뿪ŷҵʱŷһҶ͸ŵġ
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һףǷı㱻׵УƮͷ漴һָָⷢһϸĹߣڷ֮ϡ
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ŷõ̬۵һĨǣЦˣӵסãԸ⣬ԸȢҵӡ
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185 
еˣú˻ʽܼ򵥣ھƹݾС˰أְ࣬ˡ
ȻһʢľϯʢȴĲôóԣΪⲻֻԼģš̻öȥæ
̻ĲãϾôЩ궼ղ˺͸ԡ
Ҳ㲻ƾžǿӦӲǰѲ˸Ūˡ
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ȴǺþƣʮıˮ
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ΪʲôôˬԸ񣿿Ӧˡֻ˵仰ѾԳΪˡ
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֪ǷõǷУҲ֪ʱһҲûдߡƫƫھƹкȾƵģһϲ£Ϊ˱࣬㱻ͨ
صǺʵʲΪԼ򣬶Ϊϳ۸Ȼ಻ԼŮ£ûסȥпߣ÷÷Ϊϳѩ衣
鴫ĺܿ죬ǵʿˣҪǡôĶȻҲͨУвŻ峡档
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ѷñһôӦһʴȵľԼսóеľɢ
ȻʴֻڷǵľԣԴˣȫˡ
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̷սȴһ˴гǣ⿴Ǻìܵһ顣
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ڵ֪һ̲֮סʵǣ޸ִ磬Ժô죿ִȥǣ
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ˣһߣ𾪣Ϊõݷ֪ôźãȴû뵽þȻ˵ҪԼһߡ
ţʵұͲʲôġ˵ҸͲԸһææǣһ㶼ʲôСҪħ޻һ˸š
ץס˷õ֣ܹ⣬ԷõԸȷʵʺ
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ڣʲô飿˳˵
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뵽ͻȻ˵ߣȥǡ
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ǾСϰ·̣Ҫ̻ߣһҹҲ߲
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ڽתһȦ·˴һܿ˳Ĵǰ
ǰĸŮſףһ䡣
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ʲôģŮӲʮ߰ͣ˵ͶȴУһҲŮӡ
Щ벻ףúõһŮӣΪʲôҪأǻЩر
һţŵȴûţǳѣ鷳ȥͨһ˵á˵ĺܿüСѲĵɱȷ˵
ȻŮϸۣѣǳôѣǲѽ
ЩΣǳзǰɣҲѣô֪أ
ã˭ǷãҪΪ˵ҾͻšŮһۣû˵
û뵽ŵʿȻֶ֪»ûˡһʱ侹Ȼ֪˵ʲôźãȻӲȥϾǷõĵطĻҲá
ʱŮԱߵһŮͻȻ˵Һǳȷʵǽзá


186 
سǵʿһ֮һŮ˵õ֣һ㵹žﲻѣû뵽سǵʿȻ֪֡
󾭹ʿ֮ͨźֱ̻˳Уࡣ
ȴûпú
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ҡҡͷͱ̻ûߴ·һֱķǣȻȥˡ
ͷöڣٿɫŵһӾͳȥ̲סʵأǲǳʲô飿
˵ͷ̾Ϣһˡ
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ͨܲػˣп˹ġ
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һˣ˵ݣǵӣŷһٶȡ
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һǽ˿֣Ǽһֻ峤˿ëǿߣƾųǿľ֣ļٷУ˿֣˵Ĺ֡
ҪȻкܶ࣬˵ػˣҲδܹȫ֪
ҲԼɵ͵߷ΪһƷʮƷʮȼ˵Ʒܹ仯˵ӣֽоƷȼģѾ۷Ĵڣ൱⾳ǿˡ
ʨͷǿģͳ˺ͽ˿֣һֱռػֻ֮Ŵɽɽħ޺͸Σգ֣ˣһֱҲûа취ػ
ǣݾɽ˵һֱѰһִܹػİȫͨ
һ㲢ûеõ֤ʵǲ²⣬ϾڴɽпҲǺһ顣
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ŶֵĿࡣ
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ͷ˼Ƭ̣üţȥˣҪôܾȳأ
ŵҲ֪оԲУһֻܼ£µʱ䣬ܻа취ġ
һҪСġ˵
ŵ˵ͷ
ߵߣһļȡһŵͼݸţǴɽĵͼ˼·ߡһ˵һָŵͼһɫıǵǴﵽȫһ·ߣһ·ֻһǧ·̣ԶҲ֪ǻôˡ
һֱѰܹƽػ·ߣػȻҲûţǲսҲҪ׼һЩҲҪ֪ҪǽĻҲǰ
ڵȻܹʮˣȻѾҵ·ߡ
ӹͼϸĿ˿ŰѵͼսǬָУʵ˶ˣ
ʱ
ʱһǧ׷ǡ
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ڡ
䣬ȥ
̻ͻȻվ޵ţһҪСģҪŻ
ţһġУŵӰʧ


187 
ɽػĽߣɽҪɽվȫԱȴǧûܹػȫƾɽɼɽա
ŵǰû·һ߿еĵͼһ߶յΧĵƣŷ֣ⲢϣͼȻǵĺɽУܿ帽ĵơЩûдˣһϤε˴·ٶȱȻࡣϧȴûЩΪԼһߣܴﵽٶȡ
ʱ뿪ѾʱڴɽУȴֻ˶·һһϸ۲죬߲ˣ룬ɽѰҼʮˣڴ롣
ûеĵͼŸ֪ҪѰҡ
ҹϡ衣
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ʱҲ鲻ãǰֻһȭսͷϣսӦʱ䶼ûУͷ㱻ϡ顣
żǰУҲһЩп뵱ɽԼս׷ɽҰܣʱֻǴ״̬ڣнħѾˡڼ䲻ʱ䣬⼸꣬ȴ̫顣
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ǰʱȥѵͷʱʱ䣬ȴֻ߳˶ʮͼϵ·ԽԽˣѾȷԼߵǲȷġ
ǰԶɽ徻ľߣ޷
žһæķٶȥǰҲЩ˷ģżʮ˵Ķ飬ҪˣߵıȻҲ졣Ҳʲô߽ħҲ˵
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нħУнħ޵ʵǿᣬǼߣƾıԸħޡ
޲ģһʮ׳ʱ˵˺ۣѪȾȫһ䵶ĹâȴΪĹ󣬴ʱֻǿ֧š
ٿǰޣȴһ㣬һ˿ڶûС
ŰľܹܵóǺ龳һľ磬龳ǿߣҪԸнħޣһѵ飬û뵽޾Ȼǿû˰Ź˼ӣ˾ͻڰ޵Ķ¡
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ҵײʹɭֱԵľһƬģҲ̳ʯɢ䣬ӼΣæˣȴأԱʯӻУſھһѪʯϵ龳徹Ȼ޷ֵɼոײжôǿ
غӼæ̳пȥڳ۾̳УһӰֻޣֻգ֮䣬ӰֻаһȭȻûϢ
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ŵ۹һҪҵǣһ򵥵顣
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ͷ֣صĵнħ޵죬ֻǿᣬǸߣһмΪ͸оֻҪϴȥңһҵ
˵ţߣڵصİ޵ղ˵Ļ㶼ǲǣ
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ͷֻѾﵽн׵Ķˣһܿܽɸ߽ħޡǼߣѾһʮĺӡȻҲܲ£ʵѾ߳ͨİˡ
˵żæŰ޵ܴҵЩ𣿡
޾ֵĿţȲͷҲҡͷ
ŵҵЩˣҾͷߡ
޵۾һȴЩĿš
룬ֱӴǬָͳһħֵҪǴҵǣҾͰ㡣
ַֻ֪һǵõŵرǲܵ顣
һ־ʳħȻǿᣬٶнħޣȴǺܿ죬ܹɱнħޣɱҲܹõħһ£ֻħħ޲Żȥ
Ȼеħ޵۾ʹ˵ͷſøͣ˼ıϡ
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áű˱ȭŰ޵˵һ䣺߰ɡ
޷һͺתɽȥ


188 ɱ
ԾܼΪƽȣڰޱϣһĸоûС
˵нħУٶȲǺܿ죬ҲǺнħȣǱѩٶȴֿ˲ֹǺȫнٶȣҲ϶١
ɽǰһɽȣɽоӵķǣмǧͷڷȺУмֻ;޴վȻǼͷѾн׷ǡ
ŵüͷȻЩǣҲһ鷳飬ҪͨɽȣȻ˷Ѳʱ䡣
ȴϰ޸һͣٶûУֱӴɽ£ڱܵͬʱзͳ
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Ŵ󾪣ֻ˵нħеǰ龰ȴһû뵽޾Ȼôֻһ𣬾ŵǧͷǷ׷ӱܣͷޣ·ߺֻܶ࣬Ҫ߽ħޣûʲôΣգһٶȴҪԼҪˡ
οڸͲ֪ôҵЩˣȻлеͼڻûдﵽעĺɫ·߾ͷɽУѾֱ治·ˡҲɽйأǾɽеˣƾžͱǣҪҵ·߲ѣҲһǰԭֻû뵽žȻɽͼ
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ƾŰһ·ϸı·ߣת۱ʱȥ죬ûΣգȻ·ȷʵǱȽϰȫģһͷ߽ħҲûнħ޸ͲҪų֣ǰֻҪͺһʲôнħޣʱܣûһǵ鷳
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˰ʱϣ𣬼ǰȥ
룬ûдƽԭɽ˹ȥԶԶĸ˺档
˶жٶȼ죬˷ֱͷãɽԽƽһ㡣ٶȾȻħޣѹŰҲҪ׷ǡ
һ߾һ죬˵Ҳ൱ǿȻһֱûͣϢҲѾͻƺ龳㣬Ҳһ׵顣
ֱɫȫǲһ뿪ӣűȥˡ
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ʱͳͻȻڣߵһʨͷ˵ȥСǺˣһϢûˡ
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޲˲ãȻµʱ䣬ͷҲ˸顣
ǾͿ쵽ˣѾܰȫˣСףҲȥɡ˵
ֲ˲ãȴûȥǶŷҡҡͷ
ţһ㶣Сʲô˼
ȴСףһȥ𣿡
޵˵ͷֲ˲
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˰޵ıϣһ˷ǡ
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ĸ˱ͷʹޣһޣʱ
ֱ̻һȦ壬ԲϵӾȻ˼˿ϸơ̶һµʱ䣬þȻһģ絶ҲòŻԭûб̻Ըȥ
Ҳһĸ׵ͷȻȫˣĺһѵһƬһƬ顣ûĸףԷõԸǷ񻹻
ʹ޹󣬼˵ƽֱ̻ͻȻһˣæʵأôûкһ
šͷõɫʱˣſѾˡ˵
ʲôˣʲô˼ֱ̻ЩŸı飬ͻȻ
Щľһ顣
Ľߣֱ̻촽ڲ˵ǰһɽУȻԼˣ
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صĵ˵ͷȲܴǵڣôܰɽˣžǻţҲᱻѹɽ¡
ֱ̻ɫӲ԰ףͻȻ˽Уʹ޵磬Ҹô죿
§Լãһ仰û˵
֪ϲţѿڣһ仰˵ǰο޴Ӱο
Ż𣿵Ȼᡣ
ôڶʲôأ


193 ɽ֮
зõͬҲŵ
۹ϵٺãŨҲ޷˴˵
ôͷô򲻿ڣǰʱʲôأ
Ҳھ
ڽ֮ҲˣҲ벻ᷢ顣תƣ赲סڵĽ˿ʱŲ֪סڵʲôһƬڣʲôʶӦ죬ڷס֮ŵʶʧȥáǴҲûз顣
æܣȴʲôҲһǽھվһҲûһⶴвûʲôΣա
ŵĲŷһЩûкʲôҲûʶԼȥոԼһûУƲסڵʯҲ
ȻΪġΪһ޺ͷ˴ʹΧ˾ҵ𶯣ɽдʯ¶ס˶ڣǺ顣
ˣźܿ飬ڵҪĻָС
ʱǻָŸո۾һ죬ǱסĶڴ
룬Ӧս˰ɣ
ʵȷʵøǽŵȴս֮ǰͷڽűϵʯˣѽڵ
ȥãһľӶڴǰ޵һײ
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ǿסΣĵİ˰죬𶯲һƽɽȻҲûֹûһ㳾ûе䡣
ʱѾоոײסڵʯڡôǿܹģҲ뵽˿ǰΪʱЩص㣬ҪǣǿҵײǶȴһ鶼ûУȻոշסڵģɽϹµʯͷ
ңǵǿ֮£Ϊʲôⶴлһ㳾û£еԡ
ŵĶڣȴֺܹ⻬һҲʯͷһֽ
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ŻǲģֶŷסڵĵʯݺݵĴһ٣ȻһôҲûС
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ʱûбѡ񣬼ȻȥȻҪߣǣŲŸո߳ףȴһ죬ͷһһʯ£ס·
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һֱ˰ʱΧһ仯ҲûУʯ֮󣬱ûϢ
ǰһʮȵתԶͻȻһ⡣
۾һѵɽ棿Լɽһˣ
ͷոðֱŷɽĴС濴ԼʱٶȣҪһഩһ࣬Ҳʱ䡣ɽƽģ䣬֮ǰһֱǱֱģͨ档
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⿿벻ˣҲȥ˼⣬ֱӭŹȥ
һǰʱ˷⴦ʱɽȻ˺ܶ࣬පڵľʮף˵һˣڴǽڣÿԶǶһȭͷСӣǹǴϷġ
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ϵļⲻܿƵӲʯǽУҪʲôľ磿
ҲҪﵽ񾳰ɡ
⾳֮Ǻ񾳣ڵػûк񾳵Ĵڡ˵ﵽ񾳣ܣɽǲܡ
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ȸոյҪ˺ܶ࣬ǧƽ׵Ŀռ䡣
ҲһЩڴһܴʯΧʯʮӣһǰڷ˺̳ܶӣһŨ̳д
ʹᣬǾ㣬̳зŵǾơһ˺ܶĺþƣš
ڴľͷţһߣһұߡ
ǰҲǵʯţӽɽУһУǶǽϵӣеʯʯΡ̳ʣеһжǵʯ
֪жվǰȴһһŻȼգŻʱǵø˲ɡ
ܹоóǴźΪֻվܸоȡ
룬ƿţ뿴ŵĺʲôӵġ
һһɸǿϵ·˲䱻ճһƬҽ̽ͷ濴һۣȴһƬɫһС·ȥȴʲôûС·ǵʯģӦþɽڵʯڡóΪ޽ľ͵ɽˡ
ûгȥǰ¹غãֵұߵǵǰ


194 
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ƿţڱ֮УӵˮҲܲסæŹ˻
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Žһ龭Ŀɿڴ飿ô찡æе
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̳ƺܿȹ⣬Ȼ̳
Ȼһһ޶ﵽˡԽľԽˡźҲûпԼȻȥȴûʲôΣգžԼһоҪ顣
ʱҲ֪Լ˯˶೤ʱ䡣ǲ˯Ҳֱ治ĵطһֱţûӵĵطһֱţҹһϵûС
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СһСİѱʼˡ
ⱾʼǴ򿪵ģͣһҳϡ
źϣٴͷβϸϸĿһģƪʼǣ˴µ顣
֪ǶǰⱾʼǵҲԼһɽ֮УȻطҲĴһ飬ûзʲô鿴Щ䣬ЩǿյģЩоѧķ
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ֻʣһ䣬ŵѾ֮ǰˣеռ϶һͱķ䲻ͬⷿкֻһ飬ȴ֪ѧķ
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195 
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죬ͬʱһһҹ֮űϸĸı仯


196 һ
ŴϲȻ֮ǰ룬Լͬʱٶǵ˫ٶȾǿһ롣
Ϊףشֵ֣˴Уһ٣һκȹ˰̳ƣ֮󱾸ֱ
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뵽Ÿץʱеʱ䶼֮ϡ
ҲܹܵõҲһֱûֹͣڵʱ޿̲ȻȴҲûֹͣ

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ҪȾưȥɡ˿ɺˣҺ͸綼ųءֱ̻˵űߣΪõԭŷֱ̻Ҳüˡ
Һһȥɡæվͱ̻һ߳Сݡ
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ܡ˵Ǻ⾳ǿߣһĿģȻΪʲôҪװɺ龳ӣȻΪʲôҪɱڣ
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ͺˣԸǾͶһְˡ˶٣Ÿոȥңæʵţʲô𣿡
ŵ˵ͷҲֹһˣԺ20Ǻ龳ľ磬¥ʲô㲻֪ˣ֪ʲô̽ȥҲ֪滹ûˡ
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ǰЩ龳ǿ߶ɵϮԼҲΪʱ䣬ǰǷԺ費סŵĽŲ
ֻխĶУ̶ϵšûѧɣֻƾ񽣷ȷʵͨոճɽ
Ȼ֪Щˣ󲻵ôͻ
ЩֻΪȡʱ䣬浽һʲôĵطЩʲôأ
ǰĹĻѾʧ룬룬ûԥҲ߽˹С


208 ħ
ţһܴͥԺͥԺȴǹͺͺʲôûУڵ֮ϣӦֲĻݣһǺľɫ
ŵ˼ҲЩͥԺһţͬûйرգҲû룬˽ȥ
һֳֿȣȵһǽϣһڻ
ǰһ£ûпͷ֪ж೤ңһУŵʶ̽ⲻΧϸĿ˿еĽǷеĶǵʯƳɡ
ʯܹκξ̽⡣
Ŵ󾪣ʲôˣܹõʯ˾޴һԼɽеΣҲǵʯ죬ѲǧǰǶõʯ޽ݵ
ʯӲĽĽȻ̵ġҪҲޱѣֻк⾳ǿߣʹø߽ܸʯҲһΪѵ顣
ڵػǲõʯ칬ģһͨҲ첻ˡ˵ûôĵʯУҲûܹˡ
뵽ǰˣЩʲôˣѵ񲻳ɣ
ǽڵıڻϿȥŷ֣ǾһµĻ档
һսĳ
ˣڵɱѪȾ˵档ȸִ˵еϹޣһЩι״ġŴҲûмĶڽս
Щ޵ӣȴֲޣǵ϶һӡ
ڵս࣬һҲһϡ
ǰȴһһʮɵľˣһɽ޸޸Ϸҫ۵Ľɫâһ棬ˣиȴ·ȥ
棬޸һɸɽ֮ϡ
ķ棬ɽˣȴһ޴ӡ
棬꣬϶һܴĺ
ɣͼֻ˵Ǿһ֮ʵĴڣӦþ˰ɡ
Ļ棬Ų뵽ǲʱأ֮ǰϹޣʣʵһʱĻ棬ֻǸʱ򣬲Ż֮Ϲޡ
ֻϹ޽սЩźʲôأ
뵽֡ħ
ĪЩħ
ǰȥǰ滹ıڻ
ֿڻһɫŮӣһ޽һͼȥ֮ǰͼͬС죬ҲչʾŮǿģһ
һֱǰȥڻǸʽˣǿʵ
߳ǧ׵ľ룬ڻһʮˣҲ˵ʮ
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ſ֮ǰֵʮ񣬾ȻͬʱһڻϣʮֱΧһȦǵ룬һϴŵˣһ£òΪһڵĳȻֻһȴҲܹӻпϳصİ
ǲ㵭ĺܹĳӦþǺ֮ǰսеЩźһģҿƣӦþǵ
ȫڻһȥ
һǽսĳʮֹмĺˡ
ɽѡɽ緢ϵμֲһ㿴ȥڿ˽βʮվȻ˻
еĵո֮һ֮ǰıڻܹɽʮˣȫѵ¡
ٿȥֿһɢŨİɫâеĺڹγ˵Ĵڡ
ûпֽˣֻǿǱ˵ĵײһȻһںѪ
ڻеһǹͬҫ۰׹ĳǹǹ뵶ײ³һںѪ
һŹһ֧ɵļһкˡ
һǺͻȻ飬ĸ䡣
ڻ˶ֹҲ˾ͷǰһţͬǴ򿪵ġ
ͣƬ̣ȥ΢΢͸һЩ֪ӺδֻԼԼǰԶ塣
ӺܿÿԶһ׳ĵʯм䡣
һǰȥ֮Զŵӵľͷ
ͷȴûţֻһڣһʯбб·
ʯףΧһƬڰǺ⾳ţҲֻСһǰߣǰʲôȫǰ
֪˶೤ʱ䣬ʯ׵ľͷͷһ䲻ӣȻֻϵķȡͨķȣﻹǺܴ
ӴԼǧƽ׵Ŀռ䣬ﾹȻһƬڰеǽϣǶʮŷӣͺڴɽб֮ǽϵһ
ʯݵ룬ͬһ׳ĵʯʯϣȻһˡ
һֻа׳һͷʯϣһͷǸ˵䡣
ȷе˵סĲһˣΪſģֻһɫӰӣһŨŨĺסӰӵȫӰӾģ
ʱӰӵǰȴһˣһ۱㿴ĽűߣȻһֻܣֻʲôرֻһֻͨܶѡ
Щ֣һصĵطô˱򶴽Ÿ˷ط
˱ˣôڻܻţ
ĻҵΪʲôΪʲôֻһֻܣǣһֻʲô
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սܣ֮Уʯ֮£
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תĿţ˵Ȼ㡣
ӣΪΪ˱סħ
ŵĻһ㶣ô֪ħģ
ŵҲȷڿӣѾȷˡȻħ
ŵıȻƽȴΪ𺳣û񹲴ʱȻ˶֪һִڣȻħ
ǱڻģɼǿĲ񣬶ħȻħսܣͻȻʧҲΪǴսԭ
ŴҲûмڣȴħҲû˵ħһ̫ͻȻҲȷԼǲʵģĻ˵ҲЩš
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Ҳѣ
ûлشʻֿ˿ڵʯϵĺӰҪȳȥ𣿡
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209 ڵĵ
ĿŰΣŵԼ
ŵܼ򵥣ʱѾȵıڻû˵ĻӦþħɡ
û˵ֻǾĿţûгϣҲûзԡ
ż˵ħڻϵһжģô˺ͬĵˣȻҴҲû˵ħĴ˵ϣһ֪ġһ꣬޷ǾΪħ
ſ˿ڵʯϵĺӰֻֿܣһҪɱһҪ
ҪɱĻӦ˵Ϊ˳ҪڡôأֻԺŪҪɱڡ˲Ŀģȳ˵Ķô
˵һֱҲûнӿڣֻǿŵĿԽԽ䡣˵꣬һЦڵ˵ˣ
˵ˡ
ֵ飬ǲñ֪ġ
ŵͷ֪
Ѿ֪ˡ䡣
ۿԣɱˣ
˵ͷǲΪɱ㣿
ҲͷûҾôΪġ
˵ֵȴһ˿ʯϵˣһֱһӣûжȻҲ˵
ѵлбˣ
ŵˣ˵˵ţָָűߵܡ
˵סϸĿССģֻһƴܣ˵
˵СӣΪԼ˲𣿲⾳СȻҲܵҰˡȫעעţڷȷʵֻ˵һ㶣ѵֻػ޲ɣܲħޣܳΪػ޵ĲŶԡ
뵽ͻȻ뵽ѵػ޺һһػޣԳжϣţӦģȻôһֻܾȻܹԣϹСҲ˵ѽ
֮ʱܾȻֿʼ˵βǶ˵ģǶ˵㻹վʲôȥɱĿǣ˿ܷǵػޣӦˡ
ֵĿ˿ֻܣȻֿ뿴һ˱һֻʲôı顣
ʲô鶼ûУһͻȻһѵһڵĵ
ԣܵĻҪɱˡ
еĵžסǵӺ֣ϸϸģġصһ㣬ǵ״ǵɫ
ѵȫ£ȫһĺɫôŴҲûмĺڣǴʱûйţԼҲһܹѵ
ڰ޷סڵĵѵҪֲָҹɫҪڰࡣΪ̫ڣ⵶񷢳˹⡪ڹ⡣
ûܹѵĺڣŵĸоУѵȱڻǸսĺʹõĵ񣬿ǱڻϵĵȴûѵĺɫȻҲһڵĵǱ⵶Ҫܶࡣ
Ҳѵͬһѣ¼Ҳѵĺɫûа취һ㲻Ļ
һѵôУŵֳ֮ɫ
һֱĿţӦѾ뵽ѵǱڻϵһѡ
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Ų˵һһϣѶһ˸İǴŬġ
ĸоǰѵϴĻһед󡣱һͨǰѵҲдûؼ侹һֱѾȫ˸߽ķ룬ȫŵ֪
УƱһˣϵƳ䣬Ũɱ
ʲôɱϵͻȻȵ
ͷĿţһڵĵһͻȻʧڰС
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Ҳ˵磬һ˲ѾƬˡ
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⾳ǿߵĶԾɽѵսսȴǸա
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ȻһҲǺŵϬһָȫͬŵϬһָǱеһָڻûܶ㿪Ϭһָˡ
ĵȴǱеĵҲԱ˵ҲǣŲͬ
˵һˣѴ·磬ǵڶȴŵ·û
ŵĽŲбɵıĵڶ
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ڣŵľȫɡŵĶΧĿռѳһɡ
ĵȻӰΣУѾܹĸоƣҪ۾ȥ
ƬɵĿռУžƬռסռеһжסŵĸ֪֪ʶӾ޹أ֪ȫɴġ
ֱʱŲĸоɵǿѧѲκδŵȼѧܹ⡣
ʱѾʮŵ˵һ֮⣬ûһܹ˵š
һԵֻͻȻסһɣǸڽɣõ񶼸евɣ
һô֪ԼʹõѧʲôͷԼڶмǸӰûˣȷʵǳƺԼڽĹֻ˵ģҲܹ⣬ΪʲôҪڽˣԭѧȻ񶼸ов
Ȼ˼ŵĶȴûͣһеİ˶һּ仺Ķĺһ衣
Ҳһɣ֮ǰĽŲһĽࡣ
ܹĿŵİԼͷȴѶ㲻Ǹ񵲶
ѱ˫ۣû뵽ԼĴ֮ӰȴҪͬŰ¡
ôܣֱʱ벻еԭ
ӰεĵҲûܹܵĿܹﾡӰȻѵĲħǣҲΪʲôܹѵأ
벻ףҲ벻סԴѵһ죬㲻ܹʤԼ֮ˡʤҲӦǺ⾳ϵǿߣƾŸ߳ԼʵǿɱԼӦӵģԼûһ㷴زŶԡ
ô˵಻ţʵǰҲѱ۾ľ
ʱһԵֻͻȻԪһѪ꣡


210 ħ˼
ܵĺȻһ
û䣬ͻȻҧԼ⣬漴һѪеĵϡ
ڵĵȾѪǷһɫĹâ
⼫ΪŨֱϣײŵİϡ
ֻһɴ嶼һΣǰֱӱǵⷴ˻
ʱ˫ҲͻȻѪɫıӡ䡢ǣѪ˱ޱȡ
־˵һΣڵĵܵɵĸţš
ĸоĶֱˣеĵ
˵УǴʱѲٿƵǵڿˡ
ʱһȫǵһϵûС
⵶ɣһ赲ֱֱŵͷ
Ŵ󾪣弱ȥͬʱеİҲӭȥ
ڰϣȴһûз
ֻ΢һµƣˡӹŬĸ߽һûеס
һ֮ƣȴҲ˳ȥΪѵıܿһ
ĵ־ۿŵڶֽȴͻȻִȵӰų𣡡
Ӱǵܴ֡ʱǲٷԸӰԻ
Ҳ˵һʲôĵ
֪ǵڶԼĻԼûĿܡ
ܵĺͻȻתӵʯϵȥȷе˵ڲתǵת
ӰΣȥһ𣬱㿴ĺۼ
ȴˣǶ߰˶Σڵϡ
ۿǰһУȫ䱸ǰڵĵԼ
ʱȴͻȻǰһǱŵħϡ⻹˾ĵط˾ǣ֮󣬾Ȼٵ˵֮С
ȻǱס˾˱仯ϵĺһЩֻһӰӣںӰӺŨһЩȻӰӣȴһʵ廯ĸо
סӰӱ֮󣬾Ƿ֣ⱻˣͱڻսħһģһ
ħľȻħ
ôܣ̲סħ𣿲ǱһƬô
޷ԼһУѵǱڻĶǼٵĲɣΨһܹ뵽ˡ
ǺɫӰӺѾе뷨ͻȻЦһŵħôܹҲ˼ֳΡֻҪһţûܹɱҡһķ꣬ħٴ֮ʱʲôˡޣһУҵģ
Ӱӻ䣬һеĵ㵽У漴ʧ
һۣӰӵߣ
漴סһֻֻ֣һʧʯ֮ϡûٿһۡ
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Ҳ֪סˣһҲסǰӰεĵŻⲻˡ
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ħڶҪҵƬ꣬һûʵ廯˽֡һ϶ѣɱɱʲô
ħУֻǸ϶ѡ
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˿ովһмֱ̫˼飬˼ˣʱŵȴ룬Ѿ֪ĿģĿѴɣӦò˰ɣҲΣˡ
һ֮ǰħĵʯǰɢڵصİ˶
ôģܹסħĶһǷƷɡ
Ƿȥ˰죬Ҳûܹʲô֮ʲôƳɣҲʲôá
εİڵϣ߳
˻սǬָУ룺ûõģ˵ɣϾԼʶֲϣҲʲôΪϡĶҲ˵أȻȷʵôء
뷨ȫΪİǹԭǰǹ⼣߰ߣʵ֤Ǿһ
Żһ˿ϣϣԼҲƳһĶ
߳Сݣ˳ʯ档ŵȻûٿħ
ֻܴ˺ٵĵط
Ȼˣ͵ɣʲôöˡаţħһֱ뿪ˣҲʲôΣգǾúùɡ
ǣſʼһһӵһתƣһֱת죬żѹеķ䶼ˣϧǣʱ䣬ȴһõĶûҵ
Ƶһӵ⡣Ӳڹ棬ǰҲֻΪӵŲûеŶǿŵģֻһŵȻŹֻҪ˵
ǵʯƵ˼Σûɵ̣ɸңҲûܰŪ
źߣĵҾͲţú⾳ĸ֣һŪ
ŰǬָеĶ˳ûܹаĶ
ħУУħɵħҲС·ӡͷЩС
ŷ˴ӹŬǸӣǸֻ߽ϧǰѵˣ㲻ϣҲǺܹҿʯƳɵ
ͷͻȻһ֣ӵĲϿǸֻ߽ҪҰ¶ĻҲпܰɸ߽
뵽æǬָзõĹߣָȷʵʲôȱֻҪܹ뵽ģŶڽָС
ŵѲǻȴܹɻ棬õһŻ԰ǷֿȴҪɵûĻ棬ǱŵĻҪ
ֻǰʱʱ䣬ضϰѾڻҺ塣
ŴҲûж߽߽Ļ͸ϸڵĿƱнҪߡ
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һΣűҲûдܹһγɹǣʵϵĶȴҪ׵ö࣬ȵнҪס
ǰ󲻹ʱ䣬һӽ͸ĽǳǰһɫΪע뽣Եʡ
ŵɫ⽣ҲǱЩ͸ϣâܹһƵġ
ЦЦγɹףϸ룬֪еԭΪԼľǰǿ󣬻ˮںɵĻǰĻΪ
Ҳڶʱŷֵġ
Žֱӻϵһľ죬ϵڳһۼ
ȻûжϿŵĻǴ룬ЧˣǳǳһۣŹһ£Ҫʱ䣬Լնѵʯ
ЦЦٴξеĽҪȥȴԶͻȻǴﴫģһǡ


211 
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תͷͿúͷáֱ̻Ļлŷۺɫ£⼸ʱ䣬ºͱ̻Ҳˡ
ոյǷ÷ģѾһˣ˼ҲŻȻżѰңȴȥ¥ա
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ЦЦ֪ǲԣ϶ܲģǱÿӣִ磬һ԰ɡ
˵ͷӹеĽ㵽ǰ
ڽסһ˲䣬ͻȻһ㶣оһǿӽڣʹԼʵ50ϸĿ˿еĽȵĵ߽齣
ŵͷš
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뵽ԼڴɽĶ֮ʱڽĻ˵ֻдﵽˮڵľ磬ܴ򿪷סڵĵʯšֱӴɽȥûаԭ·ء
ȻͻȻһ⣬˵ָĪǴﵽˮ֮󣬱ܹǻڻʯŲɣ
뵽ոڻضϰḶ́е뷨ŨĽܿģԲ˵ɽ֮УǵʯĶѨӦþԼŪģȻûгôһͱйˡ
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ʯһڻҺ壬ִһ䣬²û⣬Ҳ֪ʱ䡣˶оĳʯȫڻûгһ졣
Ѿյţõ۾ĹţһҪõʯѵò֪ǶʦڵѾܹ߽Ĵʦˡ
ֻŪһӲ׳Ƕ˵Ѿˡ
˷õĻŵɫЩˣ̲סɩӣҲˣһҶŪһ죬׳ĵڻ𣿡
ûûӿڣͻȻӵʱ䳤һҲӦÿ԰ɣôһѵɣ˳ٰŪѸӡ
һΣһͷԵҺñ̻ԱߣһѰŷסЩ˵ĵ磬ɩӣǲѽ
죬ⲻǺſЦСһҲŸɩӡ
ŵôЦ֪ǱöٵʯŹ߻ûڻ꣬Ǳ߻˰ҪõʯҲҪ⾳С
ţĿ𣿡ַ㵽⾳ʱһҪǵɩӰ
ŶõġЦЦⷽ滹治⾳ҲҵȡػҲ֪ûк⾳Ĵڡ
ȴԵúܸˣһҲܹۿŲʱʹӺ龳ﵽ˺⾳ô⾳㻹Զ
öŵĺԼ㡣
˵Цһ󣬾ٴξۼ֮ϣæһ죬޷뿴лЩʲô
ʱ˶Щ಻סŴͷƿΨһŵķš


212·
ƿź󣬷ӲǺܴ󣬲һͨӴС
ûʲôװΣǽȴǶ飬ССյ硣
˶ںڰд̫õʱ䣬䲻ķУһʱ侹ʲôѴﵽ⾳ҲĹâ̵۾ʹ
۾֪˭һ˶۾ϣоӦ֮󣬲
еһȴǰһֻħһ۱㿴Щħħ˵ħһԶԶ߽ħ޵ħĶϹ޵ħ
лԡˮԡԡԵħҲ֮ħ
ܹĸоǶӵħ̺ǿ
˷ˣ˶ǴһһӾ˵ħ֮ϡħǺϳħǲ֪ǷԵħﵽ⾳Ӧò⡣ȻҲҪʱ䣬£һһҲֻһħ
ħǰĬƬ̣һӣƬ֮䣬ǰħֳѡԵħԷֳһѣԵģռ˴ħֳһѡ
ŵЩԵħִ磬ЩԵĶɩӡˮԵĸҡԵġſű̻͹̻û
ѾǬָпʼװˣȻ˷ԵģĶ˵ҲûáͬҲҲֻˮԵħãҶǸȡ裬ȻҪ
˭֪̻ȴ˵
Ŷֹͣ˶ֵĿã벻ûʲô
ֱ̻˵ûػޣҪħʲôţԵħŰɣֻҲŻô
ЦЦ֪һ㣬ԴӴﵽ⾳ˮ֮ڵѾ˾޴ı仯ڵʵѾҪˮԵˣؼκεתԼǱǿ֮ڵѾûʲôƣںδʲôԱԼڵ
ŵȻ˵ǾͲҪЩħˡ
ţ̻˵ûֻеħмֵ㻹ħǮأһöûС
ŵ˵ͷҲûִˮԵħսԼǬָС
󣬷Ҳ֮ħжʱÿտյ
ɨһ飬ûʲôֻһһӣӲҲǵʯɣϣһѵʯҪȸոǰС˺ܶࡣ
ǰжЩţôϹ޵ħɢţлװʲô
ĸ˶һۣŰƷϣһŰɫĻ濪ʼȼգСֻʱĹʯŵڻ
۾΢УĴӣͷȥȴһ
вûʲôֻһЩдֵֽš
ЩֽŲ֪˶꣬һֹϵϢдСóֽţֲûΪʱ̫Ѻ͸õĺۼ
ȻܾɣȴĺãּҲ
һҳһҳķϵıһ˱仯
ֽϾʱļ¼¼ġ
˵ģȻ֮ǰһ񹲴ʱڣͬʱҲħĴڡ
ħಢһħһңԶĴ½ϣﱻΪħ򡣶½ħ֮䣬һ޷ԽĽ硣
û֪δڵģֹֻħ໥ַá
֪Ϊʲôԭħƻ˽磬˼䣬һĴս㱬ˡ
ⳡս꣬ʱ䣬ħ˼ɱʮ񽫣ֻʣ»ػ쵼ߡ
ֻ˲˼ȴǷ֣ȻǰѲ˼һֳƬħȻû
־֮ҵħɢƬ꣬ھ֪֮ħȻɱġЩʮ񽫵ƳħֱסħḶ́е־ȴΣҲûҵħһƬƬ
λһĲǹƣħƬܸܿʲô֮ϡȵлᣬһƬûбס꣬һȥѰƬƬºΪһ壬ħͻҲᱻħ
ħǲģôΨһܹȵķǰеס꣬ȻҲ޷غˡԸûдɣλڲϵѰУںľһ˿ʧϡ
ֻǵ䡣ħӰΪĴֱǣħӰĻ𹭡ػİǹľӽ
ѾףֻܣؾħĵƬˣ꣬һƬ긽һֻܵϣλ
֪ʲôˣ˵ĹϵӦҲħɣܾܿħ˼ˣǴħսдڣҵֻܣȷе˵ҵħһƬꡣǣĴѰƬ
һҲ˴𰸣ħԼӦһĸӦǱڶ
֪ħ᲻ѰҵƬ꣬룬Ӧòһ׵飬ؼôҪҵԼԲףҲħܹɹҲӦǧԺ˰ɣ
žãǼꡢʮɵġǼټǧҲԼûйϵ
뵽Ҳĥħ飬оԼ̫Զ
еֽţеһ鼮ȥһ£ͻȻһ
ħʹ÷ػǳصķ
ʲô˵ʲôͷֵĿţʵ벻ħػǳʲôϵ
ŵҸոʱܶһɫĹָǣǹ־ħģֻ̫ãЩѾʧȥػⱾ飬ħʹ÷
ûЩűݸϸķ˼ҳͼĲ棬ԺֱӵĿħһķʽڷź𵽵Ч
ǣõɫҲˣ˵һжģôƾԼеħǽһĳǳء
ڣѾҵһȫͨɽͨʱйػĿܣһսôսȻյǺǣ޷顣
Ȼһֱסţ壬ǣһֱŷǡĿսǱȻҪȥػԼ԰ġ
ֻҲҪȥ޶Ѵһʶ
Ȿ飬õֶڲסĲͻȻ˵ţⱾԸ𣿡
Цŵ˵ͷȻⱾ͸ģֻУܷӳá
ţлл㣬š
˶٣ֵǿ뿪ɣھͰ͵ǣ辡ħϡ
ŵ˵ͷҲûʲôҪǣ߳Сݣ뿪


213 
ʮʱת۶ʮ죬ŰѴħдˮԵħħΪˣ֪˶ٵǧ˲κڷͨ죬ͻط֮󣬱ǧ˲Ρ˭Ҳ֪ôŪġ
óЩʱ򣬷ֻǼΪĻ˻֣ãⶫеǡ
ںϳħͬʱһԼİԵںϹ޵ħ˵ֱ׵Ĳˣһħӹڻ壬Ҳգ֮飬ˣʮˮԵħϳħķħҲϳˡ˳ѷõ֮ħҲϳ˺ܶࡣ
õõħʵ̫ˣڷǣҲòô࣬ԾóһЩϳɣû͸źܶࡣ
ҲûоֱܾһţЩħͻԵĶ͸çЩ˵ÿ൱޴ģûһֱ֧֣çܴﵽľ硣
ʵڵľ磬Ҳֻ֪çѾ˺龳ȴûʣҲûô̵ʱ龳Ľ׶Ρ
ʮ֮ź°һ£ѾѾ뿪ٲҲˣھŷһ40ʱ䣬һ˳ǻԸϵڲһҹӵ䡣
ʱ֣Ҫ뿪뷨
ڳԷı̻ɫ˱䣬ȴû˵ʲôųҪ뿪ģ̻Ѿ׼ֻʱĻǲһ¡ЩûйϵֻҪŻúõĻϣ̻֪ˣһ͵ĲһȻǸˣõ˽⻹Ǻ
ţһҪǡ˵
ŵͷһˣһġ

̻վڴڣŽнԶıӰζͷ
ͱᣬһ˼ʱ
ƾѩ
Ϫбɽ⣬ȥҲ
ӰҲʧ̻ǻȥɣŻġ
š̻˵ͷŸɩӻȥˡ

Ƶ
ǡ
Ųûֱȥڣǡ
ڣң緿еһϡ
ţôʱȥˣһϢҲûСЩԹ˵
ЦЦ룬Щӷ½һ飬һһ㶵ġ
ŵ뿴ôʱ䣬˵ܵϢ𣿡ԭѰһܵġ
ҡҡͷûУԴϴߺ󣬻ܾʧһʱ䣬ػûϢ
ŵ˵ͷܵ˻ûãˣڼįġ֣˭ҲҲŰ̾ϢһֻвμĴıһܱˡ
˶٣˵Ҹҿ϶ڲС
ŶۺЦĿŻܣԻܵѽ
ͷȷʵģʱ䣬Ҳȥҹһμĸ׳ء
֪֮飬ϴε䶷ϣҲĸףҲǵĳ顣鿴һֱˡ
̲סʵȥҹǳ˵ʲô
¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫϧȥ˼ΣûмңȰҶģ˵ô˵ѾǻܵˣûкͻһҲ޷ıʵ
˵Գ˷֮ɫţ֪ϢҲ֪жˡûкͻһȻѾ飬ûкͻһ𡣡
ԣǵһοģı鱾ӦóϣɼѾǡ
ô˵һ죬һȳġ˵ţ翴˿ţţ˵ǲǻôһ죿
ŵ˵ͷġ
ֳһ˿м֮ɫʶҵ˶˵ҷˣǸĸҲһֱȰҡ˵ƾҵĵλʲôĹҲαصϾѾǱ˵ˡ˿ţֻһû˵ԵĻֻһ
ļ磬ҲҪ˵һ䣬ǂʴҲУǳҪµģҪȳҲҪԼȫУ˵ǲǣ
˵ͷ֪ԺҲˣһỻһַġ
ҡҡͷվ֪˭ҲȰ硣
ţҪˣʵ
ŵ˵ͷԺʱ䣬һ㡣
ãҲ㣬ҲҪСġ˵
ŵ˵ͷ磬߳ǡ
ͻȻߣǴʱ˿£ֻҪǾ̫ΪһŷۺȹŮӡ
ţжԶʵ40ʱ仹
ŵм·̣ϵĻҹʮ칻һˡ
ţǺɣӵзеƺҲ
ţѽôû뵽Ÿ˵˵ػ޺󣬶ӵػ޵һֻڣѾٰµԼػˣǰŵУҲͨػޣõĻ飬һʱ侹Ȼû뵽㣬Ҫѣž벻塣
ŵӣЦЦͻȻһƷۺɫâڡ
⻹Ž⾳һº塣
ڵɱŸоӯ࣬Լʵһ
΢շڵķٷȥ
Ȼŵıûг򣬵ŷʱȴѲҪѾ߱·е
ڣȻûȥԴΪ׵֮ڵλñӡС
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ǰԺм龰һǰԶһٲɸ߷ֱֱк£
ٲ·һˮ̶ˮ̶ȴɲ⡣
һͷֵſˮϣĿתĿšϻͻǰʶУżͷֵޣҲ֪ˮޡػǧޡ
ҲӦʶˡŶˮ˵ܴȥ𣿡
ˮ޵˵ͷԳĶֱӵߡ
һԾ㵽ˮ޵֮ϡˮſ弱ֱ
յʱ䣬ǵɸߵɽǰǹϻֺڱǰ
һλǼϤȴ˴ʱЦǰˡ
ţˡЦ˵
ǰȭʧ񣬵
Ц˵ͷŵĻû˵ʲôֱӰڡ


214 СӳԱ
ڵĲžϸĻԼĹҹӵĴ˵
Ѿʮˣֱ̫࣬糿Ųҵ˹ҹӵһΡ
ԭҹػػޣճʱҲǺһһֻ˭Ҳ֪ʲôԭػԼػΪҹ飬ػһɳֱػ֮Ǳػ޳Ϊҹӡ
ҹԭһػ޵ͳƣֻػػޡʵЩ벻ףԼصʱ䣬ħսʱ䲢ͬ˵ػҪʱػ˼ǧꡣ
ѵħս֮ˣڵʱ伸û֪ħĴڣʱһвûֻ֪Ǹʱ񹲴ʱ䡣
ǿ˵ػӦþǺػˣҲû̫Ĵ˵صڣҲҵҹӵļء
ѵҹҲһػˣ󻯳ػ޼ߣ
ͻȻ仹ţػػĴ˵Щ˵ģôһġػûг֮ǰҲźԼƵľ
ͨЩſԵЦ²ҪٵˣܵػԼػأȻҲԡ
Դӽ֮ºžͽ˺״̬ʮʱһֱߡ
뵽ģҲ뵽ˣ̲ס˵ţһҲ֪ػ֮סҪܿͺˡ
Ŷ㶣µ£ôͻȻҪػô뷨
̾ϢܼػҲܼҹ˰
ǼҹҪʲôأ̲סʵ
ͷҹӾͿԿӣ֪᲻ˡ
ЦЦסµļ磬ܲȫ˶ҪҪ£ҵδޣôһ㶼ġ
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ſ˿£˼֪ʱ˵ʲôҲûãµ뷨һվܸıġ
סµļ磬ŵǸ뿪ˡ
µ˵ͷΪһۺɫĹâ塣

ŷҡ
ŷһҶںӱߣŵӡŴǹˤ龰ŷһҶļǵá
ˣŷһҶϰ졣Դߺŷ˶ŷһҶĽաŮģŮմɽ֮С
ϾҪˣŸ磬ôǲʲô飿ŷһҶ૵š֪ĴÿʮһεҪʼ˵Ӧû˲Ŷԡ
ŷһҶʧʱˮͻȻһ죬һ˴ˮ˳
ͻ˳˼еŷһҶæź濴ȥУһϤӰŰ
Ÿ磡˵ģŷһҶֳϲɫæ
ǴˮгǴڸϻţŷһҶһ㶣ٵߣ̲סʵһҶôǱؽ𣿡ŷ˵ҪһҶյģû뵽ȻһҶŻǺܸˡ
һҶ죬ְͰҷųˣŸ磬ôڲŻѽ˼ˡ
һҶͷɵޱϣſóһҶΪԼģЩĵҲãӦġ
šһҶ˵ͷֻҵģְҲܵءǿȥְְɡ
ŶõġæһҶŷɽׯȥܹóŷĵģԼôĴıԣһ˺ܶʤ㡣
߽ŷҵĴţ㳡Уģˣġ
ЦЦ龰Լոʱ򣬺һ仯ҲûСԺ䣬ء
ŷһҶĺţְ֣㿴˭
ţŵʱŷһ㶣ܿ¶ϲ֮ɫصŵļ磬ţڻˣ̫ˡ
ЦЦˡ
ʱУֻŷһˣȥžǿ˸ˮ
Ҳˡŵ
ˮЦ˵ͷʱĸˮǰƱһˣǹɺʧȫҸ֡ߣҲǳҸ
͸ˮվһŮӣá
šþòڻˡЦк
ãʱ䲻ʵ˺ܶࡣҲЦ˵ܹоĳȷʵ仯ܴ󣬲ʱ䣬Ѿﵽ˺龳ľ磬ٶȣŷҲ
ŷȷʵܴŷҲýôġ
˶٣ŷֵĴıԣϹҽУǾ͵ˡ˵ţŷ忴˿ŵţһЩʱ¾Ҫˡ
ŵһˡ
ŷ˰֣ˣǶϢͳˣľ˾ɸˮ·ϸǽɡ
Ӧţͬʱ˳ص˵ڶԺһС¥ڡ
ſŸˮҲȥ
ˮ˵ͷֻȥϹң
һ˵ˮһָָߵŷһҶá
ˣ㶣òμӱԻûʲôŷһҶμεıȴŴһһҶʮһ꣬ôԲμıأ
ˮ񿴳ŵ˼ɲҪСǵһҶһҶˮϵĴħʦأڱУһҶǼΪҪġ
˶٣ˮֵͨѡͨģĴıУ25ǲԲμӱġ
Ǳʲô򣿡žεıԲԼһһıԣǲŷһҶμӵģȻһҶǴħʦˮϵħʦڸ͵ģǿ
ˮĴŶӱǸ˵ġÿһɳһŶӣÿԱĸС֮ν֣Ρ
ǰŶٷֱɳһľʤ߳ΪĴαĹھͬʱҲǳеĶӳ
ӳֵĿŸˮ
ˮ˵ͷ֣صĵûǶӳ˶٣ˮֵĴÿʮһε֮ǰСӱĹھСӺϲĶӳ
Ŷԭŵ˵ͷˡ
ǰ뿪ʱŷ˵Ĵ飬ûо˵ϸڡŲŷû˲μӹԭԭŶнǰ޷ȥμ
ŶͬεıԲ򵥡


215 ֵϹٺ
һҹ޻ڶ뿪ŷңϹҸȥ
գҲ֪˶·̡һ·ϣźáŷһҶཻһֱоʱôϣôȡʤ
ʱ䣬˺ü׷ԼڸӦİ취
ˮ˵εϹҲĶԱУ⾳ǿߡ
ǰҲûгֹŷΪţʤһġĴıֻܶʮµμӣǲġ
Ĵǧĵ̣Ҫ25µĺ龳ǿ߻̫ѵ顣Ҫﵽ⾳ǰҲûй
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һС򣬷󶼾ۼڸˮķС
ˮ˵ʱǾܸϵϹˡ
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˱˴˿һۣû˵źһҶӦС
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˵ĻˮǴ⣬֪Ϲ⾳ֵ£Ҳģ
ŵ˵ͷȻˣȻҪøھȥһҪΪŷ
ŷҶŵİܴŷңŻ޷ѧѧǵõҲϡ
ˮϸĿţ֣ŵĵ״Ӻδѵ
ˮһ漴ţҲ˺⾳
ŵ˵ͷԴӻصŷң˭Ҳûʹŵľ磬ŷ嶼ûʹֻʱ䣬Ȼ벻Ҳﵽ⾳ľ磬Ҫ֪ſûѧϰķģŷ岢֪뿪ɽ֮֡
ŲμӣҲΪŷ25£Ҳֻһﵽ˺龳㣬ȻҲһҪŷһҶ
ˮһĻȻһûаգڶûˣֻҪܹμεΪŷˡ
ˮΪĲϹҵĶ𣿡ʵ
ˮ˼Ƭ̣ܹڶʮ֮ǰﵽ⾳ģķȻǴﵽ׵ķķϹҲȻõѧҺǲͬŷõֻǻƽѧǺܿѧĴڣҲŷûԭҪʤͬϹңǲܵ飬οǴﵽ⾳Ļˡ
ЦЦȴû˵
˵Щ̫磬һУս֤ɡ
˵û˵ʲôõ۾ȴŴﵽ⾳Ҳʼǣر֤ڶӦûˡ
ңõУһҲˮ˵һϣûС
õȻ⾳ǿߣҲһҶһҶĸδؾͲʤء
ˮЦЦţô˵ǾͺáһҲһܸһϲ֮ǰαѾʲôϣ˵ġҪֻ֪ϹңңҲսʤģ˵ϹҵĲѧһ׽֣ʵңǰıһֱǽϹңҲһгϵĵطԣﵽ˺⾳Ҳܴ⡣
ŵͷ
ĸַһ飬ֱҹʱ֣ŸԻط˯¡

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Ϲҡ
ϹҲŷڳ֮⣬һɽ֮
˱һĴһźܴϣʱ˲ˡ
һɨӣܿЩ˺ŵһ˺һԴһԵķֳɡ
ֻǿһۣһҵĲˡ
֮⣬ӵ棬ȴһλ뷢԰׵ˡͣƲ࣬ȴ䣬Ӧúϣһ˫۶Щǡ
˱ǰ߽ʱ˵ͻȻһ˲䣬оһĹ⣬˲ûпˣֱֱĿš
оת˲ţһɲǵʱ䣬ָֻ˳̬ȴ֣һۣԼһж¶ˡ
˱ŷҪа뵽
ͬʱŵоһֵĸӦ֪Ϊʲôԭ˿ʱŸо֮䣬һϵ
һִҲûйĸоϵ²ͬûУֻǾú֮һϤĸо
ң֪˵ʵҪԼǿϺܶ࣬ȴûаĽ䱸һ׽С
Żʱ򣬸ˮͻȻϼ˫ֱȭҲȥһݼĴ
ŷҸˮݼϹټ
һ㶣ԭ˾ϹټϹٺ磬ѹֻôǿʵֻһ۱ԼڶԷǿ
ŸˮӣæҲҪ񣬱ϾĴ˵ϹټŷƽġԼҲŷĵӣôȻҪ֮ˡ
˭֪ڰȻ˸ˮһ֮󣬿ҪݼԼϹٺ羹ͻȻվһѷסš
СѲ˶¡ڸˮŵľУϹٺ羹ǲɷ˵ģ¡
һŪúúŷһҶҲ֪ôã룬Ҳ
ûãϹҵĵӶŲ̼һӡ
ھϯ䣬˽һЩĹ
͸ˮ֮ǰĴֻͬϹٺ練ǿڱһҪշִ磬ܰѶ²УܣԶʧȥʸ
ҲΪĴģǸĶӣǰ;ƱҵìܣҲпܣϹٺŷǿ
ˣŲףŷϷһҶǰԭֹ涨ŷҲһҶǰðա
齻Ϲٺٲ˵ʲôǺܹŵӣһٷʱ䣬ͣĸżвˣźһ
˵ţǸˮͷжֳã֮ɫĴ֮УϹҶʵĵһ
˵ĵӣҵļˣϹٺҲ顣
ȻûмϹٺ磬ģˮһҵˣɶʶϹٺġ
˴ʱ۾ֱЩǰ顣
һͷһķΧнϹٺԸӴŸҵϢ׼յıȴΨס
͸ˮһۣ˶Ϲٺ˼
ϹٺŸˮİɣֻǺ̸̸ѵ㻹ҺŲɣ
Ȼᣬȸˡˮٴοһۣ˵ͷû˵ʲôʵҲûʲô˵ϹٺݣȻŶֽţҲûʲôĵġ
кһҶã˺ܿ˳˴
ֻʣźϹٺˡ
ĿţϹٺͻȻŵţȥɽ


216 Ϲ
ϹٺĻͻȻһֻһ䣬ףΪʲôϹٺĸоˡ
ǽĴˣͻȻʵ
ɽڽʮʯݡ
һ䣬ѧɡʮ䣬ʮλĴС
ڽ˵۴˶ٴǶŵĳֻҪܹܹӦǵϢ
űûа⵱һ飬һֱû뵽ϹٺԼԭ
ڣȴס
ǡ䣬ϹٺзĹâ
ɽĴϹٺݼ
䣬ϹٺͻȻȥϹҵļߵľ֮
ڽɽĴУѲ֪˶ٴһȴ˿
ڽһҲû˵۵ʲôʱֻҪǶŵĳ
ûжȻĽϹٺľ֮
ԺͻȻĻ棬ͻȻ֮򣬼ȻѧɣҪɵҫҲͬҪڽĴС
ʹ£ҲҪԼĳ
ָָỮһѪɽڰĽһֵӡǣſںȵ֮Ѫҫ֮٣ɽ
ϹٺֳŨŨϲɫѪӡǳҫ
Ϲٺæһҧ⣬һѪӿֱѪӡ֮ϡ
һŨĺɫâڰ˲źϹٺ磬þ֮Ǻɫǻһ֧ĴָСѪڡ
ûκξȣףѪٻŷڱҪ֮ʱֻҪѪ۽ںδܹӦõ
Ϲٺվ֮ʱ֪ΪΣֳ֮ɫϹҾǧķչ3500ˣдﵽ龳2000⾳13ˣԸǰ¹£
㶣ʱҲѪӿǵڽԸڴ֮ʱҲԸֻһֱҲûз
˿ŵϹңǽ˴֮Ŵ𣿡
ǣϹٺ˷ɽ֮󣬱㴴ϹңһֱЧȮ֮ͣ
΢ʮܴ֮󣬶ϹټʵȺ٣ôǧ֮ڣǶһҵǣ¹Ҳǲܣ
ֻǣвû˼ҲûҪΪһ
ˣֻϹٺļ磬ҲûǸ˼²Ҫ𡣡
ǡϹٺֳһ˿ʧ䣬ǹӦ
ʱϹٺԼԼΪʲôʧ䣬ҲһҰļ֮ˣû֮ǰҲûҪ¡ԴѪӡַ֮սġ
֪ս⣬ҲǴеһ֡
ǻ˵һ˵ıɡЦЦıҪһ㡣
Ϲٺ繧ĵıϹ⾳ĵӣҪһұӻ¡
ŵɣҪ˵㣬ıҪƽŲҪʤ
סϹٺ˵ͷʱţеҲһ㵭ȥʱָֻƽ
ţȻȥˡһ˵ţһȥ

죬ԺҪôƺͽžС
Ϲٺǣ
ŽŲһƫûײſϡ

δ
ĴʮһεĴԶԶûе¡أ򵥵ĺܡ
һ䳡̨˸Ҳ˺ʹҴپϹټҵļϹٺͺܴˣһ˶ûС
һҲͬ
ҲûʲôʽԱѿʼ
һŷҶսϹҡ
̨ϡ
վúŷһҶǰ棬Ƕ棬òƵ꣬Ͷ20ҡƾֵܹܡ
ű˱ȭŷšáŷһҶǰֽ̡
վǰֳһ˿ŪЦ⣬Ӧı˱ȭϹԸߡǿ
˶٣ԸֵŷԽԽˣʮСӶˣ
ŷûˡǿҲŵĴЦ
ɫ˱䣬ȴû˵ʲôֻǾվȴվһԵʼ
úŷһҶȴѾ˫۾ݺݵĵŶϹҵֵܡ
в׼ѶԷ²УʼȻҲղԣʼͬʱǰһ䡣
䣬ȶĲţȴŷһҶ
ʵڱûпʼʱŷһҶѾʼ׼ΧѾ˴ˮԪأ˻һͬʱŷһҶ־ͷɿɫĹ⻷õŵϡ
Ƿֱӹٶȵħ
ڹ⻷µͬʱźĳ
ֱӳԸߣڳͬʱõѶһһɢŨϸ
źöʱֵҲˣԸߺٵԳһǿǰһȻͬʱһλ
źöûײ֣ͣס֮ʱȴԼڶԷİΧȦС
ţһ£漴ЩȻС˵ӦþǸˮ˵ϹҵĽɡ
ŵ˵ͷ϶ĵǵġ
ʱϹֵΧźÿٵתһӴ˵תڽ֮С
ֻת֮䣬ñоһǿѹԼѹѹǿʹõĺ
ôôһսʼ֮ǰܹԵĸоԷ˶ǺԼһ龳ľ磬ŷһҶԼ״̬£аԼܶԸԷһˣͬʱԸҲ֧һʱ䡣
ȴû뵽Ľ棬Էûг֣ԼҪסǸոһҶӵ״̬ԼѾ޷վˡ
ţǵתֻҪȵ΢һ㣬ǾӮˡŵߴ
þһæо񣬸ŶԷʱñűվ
ڼо֮£ܿ죬ñӦԷейɵģһ磬ԼΪĻת
øתƵʣҲʼתŵҲһת
ѹʱࡣֿʼ˳Կ˵ˡ
ţĽҲס⾳ľ𣿡ÿʵ
ЦЦȻܡ
ΪʲôȥЩƵ˵ӦýŶԡ
ոų֮ʱܿԼĹԸôܿŵĹأҸոҲûйԸߣǹöԷѽڳƵġ
úȫһԷûɽĻᡣ
۾УոǶ˵ŷûˣʮĺӶˡҲֵԭ򣬾һ°һеζ
һҶ㶣ǣôһҶأ
ŵ֪ܿˡ


217 Сʤ
ϹҵֵԽתԽ죬䳡ϣǿǵӰֻܿһƬʵɫΧסźá
ڵѹҲԽԽѸǹٶȣֿʼøоֲ֧סʱ򣬹ѹͻȻʧ
ףòĴһۣΪǶԷĽͻȻͣˣһ֮£ȴǰѿ˵ӰֻܿһƬɵĹ⡣
ţô£̲סʵ
ŵûʲôֻһϡ
˵ĺܼ򵥣ȴףȴһ⽣ȻŸոǸոӳҲԳ˺û뵽һ֮סеѹŵ񻹺ɵӡ⾳ǿԶԶԼġ
Ҫʼˡּ򵥵˵һ䡣
ŵĽ˻øǰжٽ
УҲǧͬʱԼееĴ̣סȫеĵط޴ӶҲ޷ֵ
ֵǣòûие£ΪһҲûиоǽϵ
ֻһ䣬еĽ㶼ǰڼҪüʱȴͻȻͣס
漴һıĻ𻨣һεǰĽȫ˿ȥ
ţ̫ˡҪ룬Ҳ֪ģûһܹͻϡ
û˵ڶ仰ڶֻ˹ͬһ÷֣һֱתĽͻȻ
һĹԼֵܵӰ³֮С
ΧúתŲȴԽԽҲԽԽء
ѹȴŨȻ֮УȻоܵѹȸոǿ
ԸߡǿеĽԽԽŨɫâǹâɢκʱ䣬ڸǰγһ׳ľ޽
Ǿ޽ǴһֻصǿϢ
õĶͷѾкˮţô죿źģǿ޽õɫȻúѿʱãһҲȷܲܵס
ˡŵ˵
ţһ㶡
һ֮ʱֵ˵ĽŲͻȻͣеľ޽ٴףǿϢѴﵽޣ߸߾˭óһ̣Ҫźá
õǺˮסԼеĽΣҲҪһ£Ȼ֪Ϊ
˫۴һ˲˲ĶԼǰľ޽ȴǷ֣ǽû£ȴͻȻʧˡ
漴㿴ĵȥ
ţô£ʹգգۣ̲סʵţôģ
ЦЦʲôûѽ
ʲôûôˣøŵĻ
ŵǾ͹Լˣֻ˽УûסһҶ
һҶ
ûһҶ˵Ȼǵʵֻڽ֮ڣǱȴǺܴġ
գգۣЩˣһֱûаһҶУǵǾֹʱ򣬾ױһҶˣ
û˵һҶȴͻȻ˹Ц˵ʮĺأӶ磬׶ͽˡһҶС˵
ÿ˿һҶҲЦˣСѾͷĵôʱ䣬Ǳ׶ôų
һҶ죬ҵ밡һתȦתô죬Ŀ갡
ո̨ϣ˿ڵϵˣûʲôˣŷҶϹҵıԣŷҡʤ
¶Ц⣬ǸŷҲһˣʱ䣬Ĵҵıÿζŷҵף˸ı䡣
úŷһҶ¶ڵ˷֮ɫ
ŷһҶ˫ֿٵĻӶɫĹâ˲סԼֵܵ壬Ƭ֮䣬˱վһ仰û˵ɫǺ±̨
Ҳ¡
ص̨£ˮЦţŶһΪڱʼʱֱӽսأû뵽㻹ʵҵʱˡ
ʵͷǸֻΪǳˣһҶѵһ£ѿһѣûʲôʵ
ˮɫ˱䣬Ϊ˶٣ˮС滵
ŴЦˮֲͷһʶң˵Ǻ𣿡
ŵĻˮҲǴЦСȷʵǺˡ
쿴ϹҺ͹ҵıʼˡͻȻк˵
ź͸ˮæ̨Ͽȥ˵ʱ̨Ѿʼˡ
ֻգ֮䣬ʧȥս˱̨
ǹҵˣһϹҵˡ
ڹ̨ĵûʲô⣬Ϲ⾳ǿ߿ɲġ
ڻ̨ϵ˵Щˡڸոյһ˲䣬˲Ϲһ⾳ӵĹϹһָһָöԷʧȥս
ˮ۾𣬡ҾȻҲһ⾳ǿߡţڶҲоˡ֣ǰϴûйôǿߣôˣ
ҲϸĿųϵսʹõľȻ׵ѧԽԽȤˡ
ˮ̾ϢһӵѧҲֻǲ²⣬û뵽Ȼġҵĵ̹ȻǻѧҲǵؽ׵ѧѡ
ˮ˵ܣͻȻӿһɱܣ֮ˣӦˡа
һ˲䣬ˮҲоֵĿһۣȻҲ֪źͻ֮ĳ
æת˻ţҲöԸ֪ƾһҶĸܲӮǸˡ
ŵңˮοҪõһİһ·㾹˵ʿˡ
ˮЦҲܹңҲû뵽Ҳк⾳ǿߣҲ׵ѧ˶٣ˮֵţ֪ϬһָʩչųûֵܹҪǵãǱܰġһָҲá
ŵ˵ͷ֪
֪Ҫһˮ˵
ŵǡ
ˮţðҲûŲĿ⣬Ҫ˵ʱȴͻȻҪˡ
̨ϡ
һ£ԲϹҵĶ֣Ǳ涨²УŹҵֲ֧סˡ
Ϲҵһ֣ҵ˴ʱҲʮ˿ڡ
ʱϹһ˵Ľʺһ˵ĵͬʱӺ䡣
ˮתͷ̨ʱҵĵûжҲܶǰĽȴ㲻ĵΪĹ򣬲ɱ֡Ҫٴȥ
ǽǲ䣬ʵѾˣϳֵһ˿ڵʱѾˣʱڱ̨ϣ˴ǳ֮ƴһ˿ѾҪ
΢΢һټ䣬ָʺҲ䡣


218 ƻб
Ϊ˱ĹƽÿÿֻμһԣϹʤ˹֮󣬽յıˡ
һص˵Ϲҵҽ£ܿȬ
ʵʱ̣ܶԼһҲûϰʱ
ŵ˶ûˣصԼסһı
ˮ˿šúŷһҶǶսǹңһսҪʤˣõڶǰˣεҲûйϵˡ
˸ˮĻõǸ˺Ӯ𣿡
ˮ˿ãֿ˿ţҲΪǲӮ˵ġһаյˡ
Ÿ硣
š
úһҶһ뿴ţı˵ţսʤԷ⾳ǿߣôʤŷˣŰܣôŷҾͰˡ
΢Цŵ˵ͷǾ仰ġ
ˣôھооսɡˮ˵
æԣʲôоģͽһһҶǸ£ֻҪһҶħʩչܹסԷ龳ģֻҪʤˣǾʤˡ
һҶСĽģҲԣҸýŸ״̬ˮǽסˣŸͶԷ⾳ĻᣬһͿŸˡ
ˮЦЦţ˵أ
ûʲô˵ģġ
ˮǺãôˡ
ڼ˸ոʱͻȻ
һҶıȥš
ףôˣſڴһҶ
ˮЦЦû˵Ѹо˭
ȴæŴȥԸߣҲһ㶣û뵽Ϲҵֵܾ
ѵĲ鷳ɣ
ԸſڶһҶ˱ȭȴڱ䳡˵Щֵ֣ŷõǸġ
ŷһҶ㶣ûŪô£Լֵܱ˽ʱòŷ֣Ĳֵֻܣǵĺ棬йҵˡ
룬ԸһȭҪ˵ȴͻȻ˵֪λ˼ˡ
ţ֪Ը߲һ㶣Լô֪漴Ȼ׹ˣԼո˵ŷһҶǸģһôΪġ
뵽ԸɫһɣЦǰҪǵǸģڡ
Ű˰֣ʵڻҵľ磬ɻ󣬽ʱΪʲôǵĽû˵Һã𣿡˶٣ֿ˿ҵˣЦһԸߵɻЩţŸİɣ֪֪ˡ֪˵Ŀɶԣ
Ըߵɫ˱䣬һʱ侹û˵
ҵɫȴƽ
꣬࣬졣˸Ա˱ȭ֣漴Űɣ˵ûǶϹҽԴ˷ҲΪı׼
ЦЦҿԸǣҲǺ⾳
˵ͷǡ䣬תߣߵſ֮ʱȴ˵ȻӮ
û˵ֻǾĿ˳ȥ
ԸߴʱһĲڣ˿еļˣҲˡ
ȴûпһۣЩߵĵ߰ɣû㡣ߣһĿĶ˵ĨǵŮӶ硣
Ըߵʱͨ죬ʱҲһ۵ǽ͵Ϯк⾳ţҲһҪǵĽ֮¡
͵ϮͻȻվ˵͵Ϯ
ҡҡԸ߻˵ʲôȴǿҲ˵һĻŲûжʩѹϣȴһɱ͸
ֻɱ˵ˣŻɱ
ԸûɱˣܸܵĳɱţֻҪԼ˵һ仰ǰһɱԼ
һʵʵڵĸо
ˣԸһ仰˵ǿҲҿڡǶܸܵóǺεɱ⡣
ǻߣſɲһƢˡˮæ˵
һæתܣһӶûͣ
ܳſڵʱٴŵ㲻ǿٱһһ˶ǵĽ󡣡
ֵܱ˴˶һۣȴûһͣܵĸ졣գ۾ûӰ
Զˮţתŵţڱʱǧ򲻿ɶɱģŪصĺŷյء
ŵ˵ͷ֪ǸոչҵˣҲһ㶼ûֻǿ䲻ӡ
ôʱȴЩ˷ܵĵǺã벻۸ˡ
ŷһҶȴؿڣŸ
ˮεˣţҪˡ
ţ
һҹ޻ڶһ磬ʼ
̨ϡ
ŵĶǹꡣ͹վߡ
н˵ⳡҪҪ빫굥һսͱҪס͹졣
ŷһҶҲԱҪţûʼΧѾۼŨˮԪأֶѷǰҪ̵ʱͷųħпԷҲȡʤİա
һжܳ⡣
ûпʼǽĶסԷ
˵ֻҪҲǵħʦʩչħһͰˡ
ȴͻȻ¶Цݣ֪֪ôһ˵з
˵ͷ֪Ҳں
ʱ̨ϵ˿˿׼𣿡
ź͹ͬʱ˵ͷ
ʼ
˳ڵͬʱͻȻʧȥټ
Ϊٶ̫죬Ǿôƾʧԭء
ͬһʱ䣬ŵҲѴֻܳͬʱһε㵽˹͹ǰһ¶ûУ㱻ε͵˱̨¡
Ȼűתϵģֻ̨ʣ¹ԼúһҶ̨¡
ЦЦļƻɹˡ
ȴûЦʱ˵ƶţ̨˵֮£ڵİ߸̨ȫһֽɫĹâ֣ɫ
Į̇߱ȴʲô仯ûС̨ȴǲʱžžֲͬײ
꾲ĿţͻȻ˵ҲҵĹƴˡŵʱŸоԼûбʤİգһֶûС
ԷεܹѹסԼһûıƴѾоó
ˣûжǾվ
Ҳ
ŷһҶѻصˮߡ
˶һͷɥӡ
һҶЩƵ˵ǹôôٶȣҵ׼Ѿȫ׼ˣֻһֶûлӳ
ҲƵĵңԼûһҶվһҶǰͺˡǸȷʵ̫ˣû֪ô¾̨ˡ
ˮȴЦЦʵվһҶǰ浲Ҳһٶȿ죬ѧԵֱӱһҶǰˣ̨ϣҲֹˡ
ˡһҶ̲ס˵һҲûаﵽŸ硣
ˮ˭˵ˣ±̨Ҳѹ͹ȥȻԤƵķʽһǽҲˡ


219 
˸ˮĻŷһҶæ̨Ͽȥ˻ΪѾˣһŷ֣͹ڶš
ϧûܸŸħ̨ϵΣһҶȻһơֻʽܿĳŸռ·磬ȫ֣޺һǱȴһ仯ûУͲܺ͹꿹ӡ
ҲһɫĿ̨ϣðŷЩԾ̲סʵǹΪʲô֣
ˮҲǽĶס̨ϣ˼òŵûаհɡ
ûаգúһҶȻŸ绹Ӯϣ𣿡
ˮ˵ͷҲ֪ڵĸоŻӮ
ǰˮҲų֣ȴҲûпšҲ֪ŵǻҲһֱĵĵطڣȴͻȻͷŵȴǻԵһ˵Ҳûһ
ǸˮȴоóŵȻӰΣȴȴҪ¡
ǣֻƾʤӵѧĹ𣿱ˮΪܣڣ˶õʱѾܿ϶ʱţŻʤĸо
ϹҵļϹٺ磬ʱȴȸˮҪĶ̨ϣ̨ϵš
ҲûŻ䣬Ǻ⾳ʵӵһۼŵһ֪
ͬĹ꣬ȻŵĶ֡ѧǺķƷ׵ģʲôѧֻҪƷף³ˡһҲֻн˴еϹٺ綮
ȻΪ˾еŻܸꡣ
ϹٺţֻΪԼпܿѧǶ˵Ҳһҡ
̨ϡ
ڿڣڣǲӦ֪ļƻˣ
꾪ȵĿţΪѵĵ˵ͷһֱûжʱΪûбʤİգڣȴΪѶˡ޷ŵΪʲôôǿʱһһţǰԼѹԭأѱѣʱĹ꣬ȫľŵѹ˵ǲܡ
ΪҲһȫԸĶԸԼֻҪȥ㻹лᡣ
ҲûŲûóȫȻܿ˵һɵӡ
ǲѾˣٴ˵
ûеͷֳһ˿֮ɫôˣʵڲġ
ܵѹͻȻСɫһǰȥһƴӮȴͻȻоһ˿仯һ˿ȵϢѽԼڡ
ʱŸоոǰһ㣬ֱͻԼĻ׾ٱڡ˲䣬Լֽһ͸һ赲ûС
ʲôô˰Ե
껹ûüϸ룬һϢͻȻֱͻȻתʹùֹۿҪֲסʱ˿ϢͻȻ֮˳⣬ʧӰ١
˿ʱŷ֣ԼĻѱˮʪ͸ٴοţڿڵˡ
ЦЦû˵ҪԼҵֵǿˣ
ֵһ𣿡
ŵ˵ͷʡ
ҵĸӦУҵĶ࣬ΪʲôһһֿûУ
ŵĲͬܶ˶׷ԵػޣӦ֪еԭ򡣡
˵ͷԵͨػ޵ǿĲһ㣬Ȼ֪Ҳ֪ŵԵͬѲҪˣ֪ŵͨľѾˡ
˼Ƭֵ̣һʼͳȥƾѧԣ֪Σ
ЦĿһʤ㹫ꡣĿһֱġ
һĵһ̲סʵ
ǸŶҪһ
סϹ⾳ǿߣҲҪһ
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Ŀһۣȭܲһ춼ķڷҴûйġ˶٣ֵȥɽµСȾƣ
ǰĹ꣬۾Ц⣬ֻҪ㻨ǮҾȥ
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̨Ҳʱ˵˭Ҳû뵽ӣ⻹ûзֳӮôͲأ
ڳУҲֻϹٺ翴˸ոշһУȴֳһ˿ʧ֮ɫû뵽ֻƾѹƾʤˣûóѧֻпܿˡ
ߵĲҲסȥˣҲûĽĴѾǧıԣҲûз顣
ﲻ֪ǺõʱѾߵ̨µĹͻȻˡ
ʲôһҶգգۣߵõý㣬ոչ˵ʲô
˵ˡýӵʲô˼أȻ̫þûзӦ
ˮЦ˵ðǲǼûӱɵ˰
úӱѾû뵽ھȻˮ֪ˡ
ɫʱһ죬ݺݵĵһ۸ˮ˵û˵һҶͻȻ󺰵˲Ӯ𣬰ŸӮˣŸӮҮ
һ㶣ڷӦ˶˵ʲô˼ʱ¶˷֮ɫ˸ˮո˵ʲôˡ
յڶϹҶϹңûֵܵĽûз㱻͵̨¡
ˮ˿ߵŵϹ̫ˣǶûϹʵء
ŵ첻ǿ𡣡
Ҳûоȫˮ˵
һһġ
ˮĿţͻȻ˵֪ΪʲôҲˡ
Ǻǣ߰ɣѾˡ˶٣ֵȥСԷȥ𣿡
ȥȥŷһҶһӣԲԷҪСһ֣ŷһҶȻҪš
û뵽þȻҲҪȥ˵̫ˣȥСɢɢģɷҲ
ҲֹãȻˮҪȥ
ֵĿŸˮǰҲһϲֵˣôˣ˴ʲôְ
˭֪ˮ۾һɣҺҽҲ40һѡ
ʮ˻ϣ˸ոոˮ˵ӱ飬̲סϲҲŶʮѽ
ȴǴЦһ֮󣬸ˮıˣԸ񶼱ˡ
ʱ˹æ꣬ǶҪȥǮ
ɫ˱䣬۾ڼɨɨȥһŵһŮӳԲ˶٣һҶ͸˵ˡȻû⣬ֻλ塭
꣬Ҫ㵥ˮ̲סŭˡ
˴Ц뿪䳡ɽȥ


220 ϵΪ
Сɽ£ȴǽɽšϹҵСľ룬Ҳʮ·̡
Ȼʮŵ˵Ҳ·̣˲żߣҲǰʱ͵СС
ȻϹûŷ⣬֮ҲǴֵĳǱߣͬһĵط򶼺٣˾СҲ֡
˲࣬Щ塣ŵҲںϹҴʱŵգѾǺܲˡ
˿첽СΨһһҾƹݣһλ¡
ƹںͽһ壬˸ոսţֻһϡһԼʮҵĵʿһһӽʮˡŵ˽ʱʲô
Ҳû⣬ЦЦʲôܵɡ
õĺõģǲġ
һҶȿʼˣ˵һѲ˵֮󣬹ɫѾˣˮΪ֮ǰ˵ĻǸδŷһҶǴ󡣡
ˮ󷽵һ֣갡Ҫúһ㣬Ҫסһ㣬˲òడ
šæͷҪ˵ȴͻȻžһ졣
æ˳ȥȴոŵĵʿѾվĽűһķѵľƱȻոյˤƱ
ĳ棬ż˶ֹͣ˵ǾĿˡ
˴ʱɫͨ죬һֻ΢΢ָŶĵʿߵĵΪǮѾˣƾʲôϷŮѵΪû˲ɣ
ǱΪΪĵʿɫȴƽǰ˸׵𣬷˵ŮڹвΪǮԭ򣬶ԵʣʱƶԻؼңǸŮԲ
ƨΪϵĻζʱŭˣƾʲôŮŮڹƾʲôҪʲôеЩʱգΪʲôҪȣ
˵ɫ˱䣬ȻֻֻƬҲţǸзεǷϵǮ֪ʲôԭŮȥѺˣڷӦǰǮﹻŮϵȴˡ
ֹǹ꣬Ǹˮ˵ɫҲˡ
ǵһ߹ȥģֻһ˵ߣ˷εļ磬壬ܸҷʲô𣿡
һ㶣תͷŷ߶һˣſֹκȴ̾ϢһˣܲˣҲվǻصȥɡ
÷˵ȴǸᶨˣ壬Ҳҿ԰ʲôæҲ˵
˶٣תΪˣ岻˵ܸԭ𣿡
Ϊǰλʩ޹أҲܲˣոշʩ˵ĶԣʩǴȥɣ
ͬһ仰ӷ˵һ˼ܹ⣬ΪԼù鷳ɵΪʿĿУ˼ͱˣѾһвζ
ʲôˣǴҵһģΨһһﵽ⾳ǿߣϵס
⻰ʱŭˣ˵ǹ꣬ⲻϲܱµ˶Щߡ
͵һӣһʱ飬ΪǰɣһܶˡѴŮƽƽĽҲĵۡ
ǰѱɷĩӣεֳ֮ɫʱǰ˲Ƿˣһӵػ޵ǿˡ
ػҲ˶ӵػ޵ģкܶ˼ңûӵػޣСϵľ˶ˣΣҲֻһûػ޵ͨˡ
˿һѷĩתͷ꣬εϺȻֳ֮ɫŵ㡢㡢һҪΪ̫ԭ򣬷ξһĻ˵
ʿΪŹɫҲˣһŵƶûж⣬Ҳȷʵʩ޹أαҪأ
Цһ컯֮ǿŮҲ𣿡
ǿŮΪ㶣漴ʩˡ
᣿˵ǲᡣ䡣
ϵɫֱ˱䣬ȴ̾ϢһҲ˵Ҳ˵
ߡһߡ
Ϊٴ𣬡ʩӲҪ֣ƶҲûа취ƶסڰƹۣȸһȺʩĴݡ
䣬ʿΪȥ
۾ɵϴߵķζĶģ˵߾Ϳ𣿡
ȥɡˮһסҪ׷ȥĹ꣬ǻе𣬻˲ɣ
վסȴЩģתԷε壬᲻ˣ
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˵ͷѷԼ£壬ô£ǣҲи
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Ҫ˵͵ôӰƹ˵ǰƹۣھݴ˶һɽ˵Ѿʱ䡣еĵʿһֱУ渽Ĵǿֻȡٵıֻܹ꣬ԼͿˡǶдͨǶصĲֻҪ̧У˻ûûβõġƽòǮҲ᲻βҴӲҪֻҪǮʱȥϾͿˡ˰ƹһֱڷԲõģİ޲ޡ
ŮΪԭˣ̲סʵѾЩͿˣշ˵ƹƾ٣ǿӦùĤݵģôֻ֮ᷢǰأ
̾ϢһǰһǰŮ˹ֲǸղˡǼұҲûǮ򣬺οΪ˰ƹۣԲҲûдȻͰŮ͵˰ƹҽΡʱӴǵľǸոλΪŮĲ˵Щ鷳ΣֻҰŮڹУһ֮ŮȻҲûж룬ǧл֮ؼˡ
˭֪һںȥΪȴ˵ŮĲ̫أҪһڵʱκáҲûж룬ؼֵһڡȥȻ˵ûҽãʱұоЩԣҪŮһ档ϵȴǲʣ˵ǲڲ˴šʱͼˣ˵ǿˣҪŮӻȥҼҵ£ûйϵϵûа취ˣ˵ŮĲѾκˣֻǲ̫˲ϡҩóҽҩѲܷŮȥҪҽҩѡϵ룬˵Ҫһپҡ
˵γ̾һϵһƣһڱȥȻż˵֪ϵΪѣ˼ң˵һپңʮҲòŮڹУ˼˵Ҳ޵ȻǰûйԴ˵ʱ򣬵ҪǮҲ֣ȥٸҲ治Ӯֻ뿪ؼ취
˶Ѿ֪Ҽҵ飬һ׷ʣұѵʿҪһپҵ˵˳Ҳ߲ѣǴһ壬300໧˼ңڴ峤ĺ£ӲǸҴһپҰŮҴǮȥû뵽ڰ·ϾͿҴȴǲϷŮ
˵ε۾ˣ飬Ҳ֪ˡ˶٣ֵҲ֪ʱ䣬ڰƹβ֮ڹеģȻֻŮһݸĴ˵ǹУѾŮˡ
÷εĽߣ˶վһӣʱֱ÷顣
ھȥƹۣ


221 ƹ
ɽƹۡ
ŵƹ۵ʱѽƻ衣
ûһͬǰѷΰСΨһһҿջУϢ
ˮšáŷһҶȴˣ飬ǵȻҲϢϾ֪ƹ۵ĵϸǵȻùһ
վڹǰǽյĴţȴûȥ
ŭʱҲƽ˿ȥΪ侲վ˰Σŵ֮ǰΪʿϣҲûио˵ʵ̫ߣûдﵽ龳
ˮʵػУֻӵػ޲ܹģлһЩšһɣΪҲеǵΪԵ۸ߵ͵ģػ޲ûйϵҲûʲô龳徳֮֡
˵ͷˣһҶħһͬȻҲ޷۲ǳΪҲһͨˣǺǲͬĵˡ
ˮ˵ͷʮа˾ԣǲܵġ
ô죿̲סʵʵÿûаССİƹۿϾԼⷽ⾳ǿߣټһħʦԼ龳ʵһ˵һˣһҲܽ췭ظ
ȴ۸ŵڵһУòջʶвûзʲôرֻ֮ǸоЩԡ
Ŷﲻԣˮæʵ֪ߣĸӦҪԼǿӦóĸоŶԡ
ӣ۴û쳣Ժ䲢󣬳һЩͼɽʲôûУȴоԺеϢЩԣһЩ˵ĶڡԺӵĺ滹һӦþǵʿǾסĵطһϣʶ޷̽С
ˮ˵ͷǵȫͬȻкܶǲ֪ĶҲ˵ԺйŹ֣ʲôģ˵еĵʿרо󷨵ģеĸֱ仯Ī⣬Уѡ
ŶôɫѾЩˡ
ȴǶǵ;˵Ķδؾ׼ҾͲƾǵʵС﷭ˡ
ˮҲͷûǶ˵ģػ˵ػǿ󣬿˭Ҳûм񾳵ǿ߶û˵ء
ſ˿ˣֻǼ̵˵һ䣺Ҫô죿
ˣȻҪһŶҽȥʲôˡ
Ǿߡű˵ƿ˵۵šȴͻȻ뵽ʲôûֱ߽ȥתĿӼһһɨŷһҶϣһҶΣգ㻹Ǳȥ˰ɡ
Ÿ磬ҽȥɣ˼ҿǴħʦչ˺ԼϺȵġ
ͷһҶû취̲סĿ˸ˮϣøˮȰȰһҶ
˭֪ˮҲͷȻҲеͷۣ˿ţֿ˿һҶȴһҶŰɣҪǰһ棬Ҳġ
ǺðɡżѲأֻ˳ˮֱۣ߽˰ƹ۵Ĵš
ڱǴǰż񣬼˶ʶͬΪıǵȻŲʶΰݡ
гûһˣĺһţͨԺ䡣
ǰ棬ͬеʱΣյʱԶǰ档
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ƿͨԺţֻͷһۣͺСĵ㡣
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ţҲСġ֣ص˵
ŵ˵ͷ̧ſСţԺ֮С
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ʱˮҲԺУϸĿǰһУˮȷʵ֣ûмԺôģһҲۡǼɽеҲ֣Ҹҿ϶һ󷨡
ˮ䣬ľɽһС¥УͻȻһλذɣĲӦĵط
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Уºûʲôϵϵ˵ȴŸˣڵžãϵԼֵܡ
һȱ㴳֡
ո֣ΧľȴͻȻ˱仯ͻȻ֣ʱԼѲڵ۵СԺ֮С
һƬأһߵɭ֣ңԶߣаΡĸɽΧһȦ
󷨣ŵȻţԼһ͵һأһСԺǰı仯һǸˮеˡ
ǰɽӦþԺеļɽˣֻΪʲôôôԶ󷨻Щ档
ʶ̽а룬һӦöֻǻþѣܹԻԼ۾ǲԻʶ
ȴϣһ̽ʶ޵ȥԲ֮ڶ֣ûиӦκ
ٴۣţɫҲЩˣû뵽ССԺ侹Ѵ
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ԶԶȴûһӦ
ȻѾ
Ų֪ûзʱúŷһҶѾˡʱ˶ѾС
ڽʱúŷһҶֽģĺһֻ˲ûзֿǰ龰ŮӶһ̲ס㺰ͬǵĽкҲûеȵش
ʱ򣬹ѾˣѶһѻӳֻת˲֮䣬һҫ۵Ľݻǰ֡߹յأһӳǰһƬյءкŵ뷨һԼСԺУãֻҪԼһɻۣʲôȻˡڻӳһ֮Χ˱ٵ֮⣬һ仯ҲûС겻аһһĻӳȥ˰ʱΧһ仯ûС
ʱ䣬ź͸ˮȴһֱûҳ֣Ҳ뵽˹İ취ȴңԼȫ֣úһҶ
һʱ䣬⾳ǿߣǱ˰ƹССԺ֮С


222 
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ʱʿվ¥Ķűеļˡ
ʿһŵСΪˡȴʮˡ
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ڹУǰɽѱԶߵİߴɽ塣
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׷˴󾪣ã˾Ȼ֮˵ͬʱ˼ٵһָһ׹ָƺһɽ֮ϡţɽͬʱĹâвһɫĽ硣
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ڽոճֵһ̣˶оɫͻȻˣ⣬ͻȻһƬɫ漴һ죬ƾմһһ
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ˣڰ˵Ļ֮󣬸ˮûţע
һҶ׼𣿡ŵȻᵣĸˮ͹ˣ֪һҶһ͸ˡ
Ÿ磡һҶ洫
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׷˳Ƭ̵ǵĶԻҪŻ𡣡
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׷ЦЦУȻ󷨵ˡ
¥˶û뵽ЩŶѾףûн֮ǰҲϸ۲ԺеһУȻߵľģҲȻܹ뵽ɭӦöԺĸסԺӲݡ
ŻģԼһѻ԰Ժոɸɾ
ٴ䵽棬ָᵯһɫĻߵһϡ


223 
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225 һ
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ЦЦϹٺ˵ͷӦϢʮ¾û˰ɡ
ǰϹٺ̫ǿ˵ҪУҲǡ˭֪ӾȻȻҵ˼
Цˣȥɡ
źϹٺĹϵЩرڱУϹٺǸ߸ϵĴڣǰȴŵĳȻŲǾĴУʹһԶı䡣Ȼ⣬˲֪Щ
ϹĺϹԶҽݡϹٺ˱ĽʣŷʵĹھĸҲñˣϹûһοǵԵĸ
ˣʮһεĴھǰˡеĹھŷҡ
ûй飬ŷһҶǸ˵Ǹˮ϶ֳ֮ɫһľþòƽ
һУɶŴġżȻŷңʱʱ䣬ǸŷҴ˾޴ҫˮѾܹóŷ֪µʱ¶ļο֮ɫ
صϹҵĴǰ˼һ𷹣Ϲҵ˱ȥ
Ҳŵ𣬹ǵܲμӽҲҪȥˡ
ɾڹ׼ȥ֮ʱϹٺȴͻȻϹܷ꣬һμӽ
ţһ㶣ֻ֮ǱǰҲμӣϹټôԼǴҲûз顣
仯̫ͻȻ꾹ǲ֪ôشźá
ϹٺֵεǰͬǰѰ֮̽УȴǼΣա
ʱЩѣϹټѡңҵңʲôҶԸ
˵ţͬͬȥתԼμӴ˴ε
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ǣ˹⣬ҵҲˣʱֻʣšáŷһҶϹٺ磬ˮŷˡ
ŵһҪʲô
ϹٺĬƬ̣һο˵׼ȷ˵Ӧһ񡣡


227 ּΪ
ϹٺĻ˶Χ˹ԼҪʲô
ϹٺҪǳΣգǰȫͬβŰѹһ⾳ǿߣҲܶһֱϡ
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ŵ˵ͷѾЩˡĴҲαӣҲػˣҲȻػ¡һǰȥЩץߵŮйء
ȻϹٺûнػһֵ飬ǲϧķѴǰץʱδŮǹ֮ǰȥץŮԭ򣬺ػӦ֮ߡ
˵ͷӦõģԴڰƹ֪£ұһֱŪԭϹټİɣһġ
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˵û֮ģſ֪Ųġ
ҡҡͷûҲȻ˵ʲôǰұμӵԼ˵ȥôòΪŷҲ͵ñˡ
οҲЩ棬Ҳ֪ôʲôĿġ
ʱѲȥȥ⣬ӦôȥűʵжˣҪܹȥ
ϹٺҲȫˣҲһЩ࣬˭Ҳ֪ʲôԭǧǰбĴڣֻ٣УǵĵλҲǵ¡ȴһ㣬ǧʱ䣬Ƕѧԣȥͨ⡣
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Ϲٺ羹Ȼ˵Ҫŵװ˵ӣôܣ
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ϹٺЦŨǰƹ۵ĵǣҵһ棬κһȥģΪͶ飬˵ϴһˡ
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ŵðپһҪȵġ
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ϹһھȻ룬ȴҲǺòסĿԣðŻһҿ㻹˵Ϊģʿ跹˼˼ܵȾƣ˵ҪԵİҪС꿴ˣǵðƤɡ
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ЦЦνĹ﹫ӣǶСꡣЩ̫СĻϴξͲӦյôˡ
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ŵ˵ͷ֣صĵΪļ磬İɣһ׵ġ͵Ź﹫ɽӭɡ
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ǴʱΪȴҲûбİ취Ҳֻðˣǣھ㷹֮ǧȥˡ
ֱΪȥԶϹĲŵţôС˵
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Ϲ֣صĵ˵ͷҲãҲд⡣˶٣Ϲֵǵҵһȥƹ۵ʱΪ졣˵ĥٵԣһҪúõĸС˵˵


228 һҹ
˴ӾƹݻصϹҵʱǻƻʱ֡˶߷⡣
ϹԶһ໰֮ˣ֮ԼķȥˡźϹĶһۣԼͬȥ˹ķ䡣
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Щ칫궼ӼײһҲκȾźϹûнԭ֪ǽҲȥʮ˭̲꣬סЦѣҲǹŭԭ
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̾ϢһҲûʲô飬ֻǽھƹݣһ˶ѡ
Ŷĺı𣬵˭ˣӣ
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Ϲ˵ɫԽӺˣ̲ס˵ʲô
Ϲʵ˵Щû˵Ҫǲѵһ٣ⱲﶼиԽ˵Խߣֱˡת㣬˵׼
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ƺԣǾƺ԰һëû鷳Ҫ鷳ˡãһҾȥɽŵʲôֶζԸҡ
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ţ㲻˵ˣҷǻɡ
źϹĶһۣͬʱ̾Ϣһҡҡͷ˳ķ䡣
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Ƣ쵽׻ᷢʲô飿Ϲĵ
ŵͷ˼ΣŵҲȥá


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ûдʺΪҪԼһģȻɱ֣ҲֻѵѵԷѡ
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ʱ˽ֲԶһƬݴУſˣﲻõϹĺš
žȵķ֣ԭܲһΪ빫꽻ֵ˲䣬˷˷츲صı仯
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١ʱϱȻӵػ޵ܹͬӦĳʵӦôﵽ˺徳ĳ̶ȡ
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ҲûпźϹĵӰӣúŷһҶӷʲôأΪ
ʱ˶ˮǿŮҲû¶Цݣã㿴źϹû
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ҪģǲץŮԭ򣬶ȥƴһ·ҪСģҪ˼У𣿡
еǶ˵ͷȫһ֣֮ɫ
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źϹ죬СֻǸЦѣЦѡ
꣺ҿ
ΪЦʱҪġ
ż˵ӣϹٺȴ¶һ˿Цݣ֪ЩȷʵǿЦģΣǰǶԼĻ顣
ϴΰƹ۱һӣ֮û˭ˣΪ룬ͿԷŻˣ굱ȻҲûĹֹ˭
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ŵȰһ֪Сһ뿪Ϲңһ·Уյʱ䣬Ѿǧ·̣һ·϶ǼƧ֮ǰУֱʱС֮С
ŷһҶԷĵط˼ˡŷһҶħʦŵ˲ͬħʦ岢ǿհһҶ۵ùǺŵˣҲͲҪԷˡ
СӸжǲ̣æҵһҷݣҪ˾Ʋ˱ԡ
óԵĲˣ˱㿪ʼоҪ
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æϣȴû˺ֱͦͦĵڵϣԼǲˡ
ҿС꣬һ̫ˡ̲ס˵
ʱϹϹԶ͹Ҳ˹ǰһۣˣҲǹİ
Ϲİ˹һۣǣǲǹģôʱû¼ġƢѽ
ͷȷʵңżˡʲôʲˡ
ڼ˵ʱһԵΪͻȻסһǿ쿴
Ϊ죬æŵ˵ʬ忴ȥȴǾʬ徹ǿʼ仯һһʨͷ˵ģ
ˣһ㶡
Ϊ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫһһﵽƷˡΪù˶٣Ϊֵùʱɣ
õҵ³ʱѽʱġ
ԭ˻Ȼѹʨͷץá
ҿеɵûǵʵ𣿡ʨͷţЩŵ˵
ȴĿһۣûйƴĻһʵƷɡ
ŵͷϹŵܹĲʨͷֻܸܵǺ龳ʵ˲Żֵġ
СҲû⣬ֻ֪Ҳʱ
ûٻС򣬼ŴɽȥŲȴ֮ǰ࣬Ȼ˭Ҳû˵ȴŸոճգ˾Ʒˣػһ٣ʱδŮһҪ±ҪС
Ϊʲôǻ֪ùʱģ·ϣһֱ벻⣬̲סʵ
Ҳ벻ףһΪǿΪĵҲеأӦܹ֪ô¡
ΪҲҡҡͷǰҲûмˣǵ˽⣬Ӧ˵һɣǵٶȵȣǿǵģǴҲûˣҲܹ൱Ǻ徳ʵ
˶һۣΪΪ˵˵û˵̲סһۣǰȥ
·ûзʲô飬ʮ֮һ˷ǣǾɽһ㣬࣬˳һ˵Ϣֱ˷ǡ
ŷ֣ǰ˱仯ǽϴʱ򣬼ӿӸࡣ
ɸߡɿĳǽΧסǣǰǽȱڴҲһصĳšǽһȦ50ɿĻǺӣǵ˶ҪӺϵĵͨ
ĺͳǱĽǣʮɸߵĽڽĶˣһЩϹ޵ħڳеĸطܸܵЩħɢ쳣ǿ
ֻ֪ҪЩħעһܹħϵγסǳصĽ磬ⷽӦþǴħҵǱе󷨡
ս׼
ʣһػǣؽ׵Ŀꡣ
ŷǿķ˶̾ѣǿЩħǾ̲סʵЩħôߵĽʲôã
ûܹش𣬵Ǿ󷨵ΪһüĿЩħ̺ܹƾڵλãγһסǵ֡
棬Ŵʱ˼ѲЩħ֮ϣżӽĳ̲סǸΰԼ֮Ůһʱ侹Щͷ


231 
һ߽һа룬֪ѾͷλܲϳԼ᲻Լ֮⣿
һֱŲû¹˭ŮͷȴЩƵʶЩӿ졣
һֱǰȶûпǸŮȴǿˡ
ʱڳǰŶʶһѩȴеģţ;ƿӡ
˶ŵӴɽ·ʱּˣϴɽŷֵʱּҼֳ˵ҪͶǣսû뵽ǹȻˡ
ţѩ˵ĵţˡϴǻؼҰһ¾ȴѾˣ¿ɺãڻˡ
ЦЦѩһڽ̸Уּ֪˼ˣһһٶˡ
̲סʵϴֻһ˵ѣͻȻ𣬷дбģôӦǵģ
ѩǰˣʱ򣬷ǾͿʼбˣ˿սڼȻôིǼȫԱʱһ㶼ûзأʶүүοʶ㣬үүһ֣үү˽ڳеķʩүүء
ЦЦСѩүүǽˣôţƿأ
ѩôˣſҪˣ˵ǰŵŮǲһȥسǽˣŻΪʶ㣬Ȼֲء
һ벻ԼڷǵĵλôҪȻŵʿȥسǽˡ
ЦСѩȥͨһɣ˵ݼˡ
ͨʲôѽѩߣʹǽȥ
ôֱӴǽȥŲɵСѩҲ󣬻ͷسǽȥˡ
ѩһЦҪǱ˾ͲУû⡣
ŶˣԼڷǵĵλǲ͡һȻСѩӦòԼ
һѩڣѩֱཻһ±ȥˡ
ţ¶Ц⣬ţֻˡǰûſڱտڶ˵ء
ǻˣģæʵ
ˣߣҪһ죬ܿˡ˵ţҪ𣿡
ҡҡͷε˵һ飬漴ֵڻ𣿡
˵ͷãֻǱ̻һֱ㣬Ҳõģ̻ϴ跹˼ˣ֪㻹ţͲ¡
ųĬű̻Żǲ֪ǺãҲҪȥã뻹ˣҪǱ̻֪ԼҪǱҪˡ
һŰϹĴŵͼݸ֪࣬ܲλãǾͿԽʡʱˡ
ӹͼϸĿ˰Σ֪طû뵽ǾȻ
̫ˣఢ̣ھ˰͵ɡ
˵ͷţû⡣ڲУһҪ극ߣ˺üΣǽߣƵġ
⡣Żͷ˿һۣȴŷһҶǶпˮˣСѾͷԣĳģһٶС
ӣֻܵǺã鷳ఢˡ
Цʲô鷳ģúõѣǾǰ̵ĺӣͲˡ
漴ڳĴУһϯҲ֪²ܵ飬ѩȥصĵط
ţһҪСģǧҪ嶯߳ǰ಻ͣĶš
ŵͷţһģİi̡ſóİԼĺˣǹûаα
һ˳˷ǣѩŵͼǰ·һ·Уյʱ䣬˵ͼϵı֮
ѩ˿ܣɽ͵ˣͼϱǵûдصĵطɽɽ֮С
ŵСѩЩˣȥɣǵˡ
ѩ˵ͷţҪСġ
š
ѩתȥᡣŵ˾һ𣬿ʼԲߡ
ŵҪô
Ϊ˼Ƭ̣ǷȥһץˣȻݳǵģټ¡
סϹǻӦÿ˵ȹ۲켸죬취
Щͣˣоˣ˵ӶûأǷȥ͵ˡ
˿˿꣬ûˣȷʵȥǱ߿ƣôǰ׷ѡ
һɽڰ˵ʲôһյʱǵɽɽһɽ꣬ܶɽΧסǵݴ޴ǰмȼ𣬴ʮҵԿħޣǵ͡
λҶˡҲȥˣȹ۲죬ǶЩʲôɡ
ŵ˵ͷ˭ʲôʵСӵĶӳ˶ҪģŴҲûзʲôԼоóԼ񲢲ʺӳ
˶ҡҡͷڲ˽ǵȻ
ֻһҶûĺ˵ֻ۾ֱֱĶסϵħ⣬ʵ̲סŸ磬ǽָûħˣԡ
εĿһҶ治֪ǲǸǬָȥһһ¹ȵݸһҶ̲סһҶڼʱôûôܳأ
һҶӹ¹ȣһھҧȥһ⣬˵ڼҲûк˼һԹѽô֪ء

˵ǲӦЩʲô
ʲô㶵Ŀã˵ȹ۲𣿡
õҲ룬ЩΪʲô
ȻǵŮϹټ˵𣬻ػľƷˣץŮ֮ͻ͵ǾǸŮͻѽ
õѽôǲʱпܻ˴ŮǰǾͱ˷𣿡
ѽһĴȣϸ˵ţ꿴˿༸һۣЩѽһҲȲһ
УܱȡЦֵ
˵˵վһ֮һбŵɽְѶʹôܹɽµ񣬶Էֲɽ
һж֮󣬼˱ɽ۲Щ˵һһ
ˣʱ䣬Щ˳˳Է˯ʲô鶼ͨǵ죬֪ɽ˵֣ȴûʲô취
ֱ峿˽չڿһˡ


232 
峿ŵ˿һ߽˵񣬶ǸǴԼɽϷģ֮ǰ뵽㣬ŵѱ˷ˡ
ʮҵӣ첲¼һʮ߰ŮʣһƷˣץŮʱ
߽񲻾ã˳˳ԭ·ء
Ӧɱˣʡ޹Ůץ
Ϲĵͬ⣬ͳȥ
ʱѿӽɽţôϾǶӳûŵ
ȴǵЩûйϵǿأ
˶ͬɱˣ׷˵
ŵ˵ͷѶڴɾǺãȥɱǶҡ
Լȥһ㶣漴ôУԷǾƷˣһȥôԡ
ЦЦİɣаգҪɱҲǰǸǰ򷨣ܾɽеЩˡ
ϹҲһ㶣Ҫ벻Щ˵Ļ͵뿪Ｘˡ
ʱѾ߳˶ڣҲɽӰһ˱ʧ˶ڴ
˼Ƭ̣УҵȥһҲġ
Ϲĵ˵ͷҲȥ
һ˵һŶȥ
ʱǵɽɽȥͻȻоˣæתͷŵ˭
۾΢Уɱˡ
оⱩϸĶſһ飬һҲûУҪɱң
̲סЦ֪֪˭Ҫɱң
ŵͷȻ֪ǾƷˣոһʱŮ
ɫһ䣬û뵽ǰ˶ԼʱеǵȥԷȻܹ֪ЩȻͨˣҲȻ𣬸ոնԷԼԼһҲûз֡ͨˣôôŸӦԷĴڣ
һһϣǶһƵİ۾΢УİͳŬеİǰһģһǸ߽ŬİԼãһ͸Ľ
Ҳдʦƽǳһ֣֮ǴﵽƷˣõһ̲ס뵽еĴʦǹˡ
ʱɽһʯϹĺ͹ĿźǸˣһϸĽովȥˣȴϹסǳȥ˱ضϳ֣ͻᾪɽµˣҲȷʵа취ٵȵȡ
̲סʲôʲôûûóµȻһ
Ϲ˵Ϲĵ㻹ŵʵܱһȥҲûá
ǵҲǣϹԶûţҪǲҲСǣΪʲôڻأʲô
ϹҡͷҲʲôҲɣôڲɽ˵½ǰƷǿߣҪ֪Ʒ൱ں⾳ʵˣǿҲɣ
ϹʱȴɽͻȻʧԭأһ̣ѳ˵ǰûпų֣ѵȥнɫİҲУһ㲻ӰȻǱսǬָС
ֱʱŵͺһ£
ŵһɫĹâͻȻߣת˲ڡ
Ϭһָ
ķȫϬһָҵһķó֮º壬Ͳһյĺ֢ˡ
ҿˣһ㶣˳ȥֻһǰͷһֱͦͦڵϣһ˺ҲûУѾûкȻ͸͸ˡ
ϹҲʯ˳ϸĿŵϵʬ壬ðתͷţţôģ
ӣŲˡ䣬ָʬһһŰɫĻ漴ϨʧԭأΧһ仯ҲûУϹĺŸոһƷˡ
ϬһָŻЩĵطԼһָǺľȫһָΪʲôɱ֮󣬶Է岢ȼأϸ˼žӦԼĹϵҪȼգԼʶлתɻʽҪɺҲˣʶԶ仯ϬһָͲУںϺͬҪһָ
껹ûдлظ˿ϹĵģҪǵʱԸ㣬Ҳû˰ɡ
Ϲ죬ҪԸ㣬Ҳһƹ־͵Ϸصʱ˽ˡ
һ·˵ţŷضڣе˶ûж˻Ϊæô죿ûж֣
Ϲ죬ˣԼ͸ˡ
ʲôΪסһŵļٵģʲôûоͽˣ
ϻǻƭ㲻ɡǸô
ΪǸո뿪ᣬѾĸ˰ŮˣҾӦøЩˡ
ŵ˵ͷǻʲô߰ɡ
ãе˶վҪ߳ڣͻȻһ񴦣֮ǰɱǸһҲһŮ񲻾þ˳
ȻҲһﵽƷˡ
˸߲ãĸѹŮ߳ɽȥˡ
ΪǺ͸ոߵĸһһҪŮǸϽϡ
ŵ˵ͷһ֣˱㶼뿪ɽƹɽ괦ŴŮЩ׷ȥ
һӵʱ䣬ӽ˺ˣŵȸǣ˵
ǣ˸һ·β棬һֱƻʱ֣ǰ˲ͣһȥɱһͷǣʼ׼ǵ͡һ·ͨǵĽ̸ŵҲһЩϢ
ĸһûͣĸ·׷ǰߵǼˣǵĻ˵Ǵһȫһ㣬ȻѾҵһȫͨҲֻ·ûи߽ħ޶ѡнħ޻пܹģЩ˶Ǻ龳ʵԸнħ޲û̫İգ˲Żĸһ鸺һŮ׷ǰˣôȻȫһ㡣
֪ЩϢѾ˼ƻΪܲܰŪúһҲֲ
Ϊ˵ͷһ֣صĵû⣬֤񡣡
ǺãǾȥɵǣȻǵģǰ˻ϡ˵תͷһۣû
ûɣһʾͬ⣬Ҳû
⼸˾ͽˡһӾվ̧ȱǰ˳ȥ


233 
ֱӾ͸ɳȥˣΪô󺰵С꣬ҪȫʬŪˡ
ҿϹ۾һϵⶼʲôȺð
ʱѾ嵽ǰˣΪĻæѾĽջʱҲ˹꣬빫һʨͷ˷һţ̫Ҵ٣ҲûüֵǱʨͷһ˸ͷ
ã¿Ĳᣬһȭʨͷ˵ϴȥ°ʨͷԴ飬ʹ󾢣һȭȥʨͷҲûˡ
һǻŭ㶼йΪϣ󺰵ëϵһ¶࣬æ
ҷǺ㵥ɣ
ùΪ󾪣ɲãǹ겻ֱˣͷԼƴ뵽æкȵ٣ߣԣ
ֳڣΪʵʱﵽ⾳ƺһ䣬ǳ˹ԣС꣬㣡
㿪һ˵ĹΪǰʱëҪʬʲôʱܰǴ
ΪʬƾͲðˣҪװǵģͱҪƤУȻᱻϳġ
ƤУݺݵΪһۣ˵һΪͷҲܴء
һսһ˵һҲûΣգϾЩ˺˵Ĳ̫󣬳ͷʨͷǺ龳ľ磬ĲǸոմﵽ龳ĳ̶ȶѡ
ͷǻܴ𣿡Ϊ̲סа룬ȴû˵˵ƢôصĹҪˡ
ȴûʱΪֻҪƤͺãʱ˾ּһһѾץסǰʨͷ˵İӣ̧ȣһűʨͷ˵С֮ϣһιǲˣµҲǴ˺ܶ࣬ʨͷֱ߳ʮԶһײ˶ʮô䵽档ҪҲ֪ʨͷǻˡ
ʨͷ˵İҲ˹Уһ˵ĺ󱳾һͨһֱͦͦſ£û
ͻȻǿʣµһҲܵϵŮתܡ
ں⾳ĹǰôܵˡֻһǵǰһһɾĽս
תһŰһֵֻƣëѻ˵ףǲǵ
Ϊһɫʱˣ갡ҵһʱķϣûйҲпͣǱ˰ɣôҲЩֵǿ
˼Ƭ̣Ҳǣξˡ
ʱŵҲǰúһҶѾŮӵߣŮһֱԵĲݴУԼʮ˾ͣһĹģǽοˣֻɫԲ԰ס
û°ɣæŮڵϣеʵ
һҶҲûȥͷѾķǣǶŮǰ㣬ô𣿡
ŮĿǰˣ۽ˮȴһ仰Ҳ˵
һҶ㣬ôˣ㵹˵ѽ˶٣һҶֵŸ磬λ㣬ء
æǰŮ԰׵ӣǱ˽ƣûʲô⡣˵ţӣһεûŮ壬գۼ䣬˷ӡסŮĽơ
ŮһվͷҪݣŵæŮסһڵϡҲһû뵽ŮӾȻôǰѺ龳öײ˸ͷ
龰̲סŮʲôأвͬڳ˵İãҲŵ˺òá
걾һЦȴõߣվ꣬˵ע㣬Ϊ㣬ÿɲ㡣
סͷҲû˵ʲôѽզôأ
˵䡣ŵȻ֪ü۵ԭæ˵
Ůôʱվŵĵģʲô֣ſóŮӲͨˣǺһﵽ龳ľ磬಻ʮ꣬ؼȻһ㣬˲дһʡ
ոŮȻܶǷһУ֪ǰļԼľˣȻʵʵشˣ
ǣֻּΪϤظһͻȻһ𣬵ʲô
㶵Ŀţ֪ԷΪʲôôķӦӡԼӦôҲûмǡ
ֻ˶ֵĿţ֪ô¡
̲סţ֪㻹ûȢޣҲܿŮ˾Ӱɣô˵ҲĴҳˣҪעźá
ŴʱĻ˵˹˵ЩʲôЩĵŮ
󾪣ô֪
ŵѣֻҪͻ㣬벻֪С
磿ֳ֣֮ɫһץסŵĸ첲ѣô𣿡
ɫܹȷмΪҪȻ˼ΪĻֵõģһ˼ŵڲãܲáΪ㣬δһλ㱻µ˴
˵ץסŸ첲ֲסĲɴĹ䣬૵ҲãҺ簡
ͷʱӣֻ磬Ϊʲô޸أ
뵽ˣͻȻһ⣬̲ס˶ץʱδŮӣΪʲôᱻץأ
ʹ޹һ֮ԺһЩ˵һЩץĶʱĴŮȻ޸ܣǲδ
Ļ˵ڣѾףϴμ֮ʱҲ˵
ܿóǰģ𣿡
û˵ȴصĵ˵ͷ
ŵΪʲô޸ܣܸ𣿡
һٴεͷΪ׵ԭ򡣡
޸ܣ̲סʵ
ҡͷģ޸ԸġΪ׷˻ܵһܡ
һۣ˵ǰһλոմﵽ龳ǿͻȻһӣһʮ꣬ڵʱ˺ܴĺ䶯׾Щ򵥣һ龳ǿôԵ޹ʵķأǲϧķȫ£˭֪ǲ鵽ͻйأûҵ֤ݡǻҲǸо׶ɣֱϳҪɱڡ
һ֮ҲǺ龳ʵôǻܵĶ֣׵ȻҲҶԻ֣ܶһʱ侹Ҫڻ¡
ǡûʱҾڸ׵ķ䣬ұܷŹסǻҲɱ˸ף鷳ӦŹףǱҪҼ޸Ϊֻܷס׵Ŀڡ׵ӣܱвףִǸŮĽ¡
ɱ֣ûʲôܹȳףҲ˲ˣӦ¡Ҳ»ɱԼŮҲӦȴҪֻϵķޣһͬǻҲֻס׵ĿڣҲӦԴӼ޸֮һֱסڼУҲûʲôϵ
˵ˮǲôҲǻܵӣҶԲ硣
˵̾ϢһһˣԸ޸𣿡
޵䲻ˡ
ŵû㣬粻֪ܻܲȥҸұ֤㣬ֻ֪ĿԣԸ޸𣿡
صͷҵȻԸ⣬ֻǣ֪᲻Ầ硣
ᡣԸ޸ҸЦ˵


234 װ
֮ǰķǣʱѾˡŵ˶Χһ𣬱ĳһ١
˱顣žãӦڻȥȻһĵĲˡǣȻɽвԶǲ֪·ǺΣաɽѰҳĵ·͸Σա
ȻǺ龳ʵͷнħޣҲӦοɽУи߽ħ޵Ĵڡ
ʱסǵʱ·̡
ˣԼȥǲˣһ⾳ȥ»ʱҲ飬ϾҪ׷ǰˣܳʱͣƾųǿʶܸӦǰ˵ټԶһЩ㲻ˡ
鵽󣬻˵Ҿ͸һ߰ɣҲȥ֮ǰ֪Ϊʲôʧ࣬һֱҲûϢǰͻȻţ˵ǹҪǣҲ뿴
ܻˣ۾Ȼ֪ΪʲôͻȻʧڳ֣ȻѾáȭаܣ֮ĳҲˡ
ܵϢа޲ץŮԭͿϸϻȥһܸˡ
뵽æվǾǰɣھߣ׷ǰˡ
ôСŵĻΪæ˵ڵð˵ӣҲҪһҹʱСܸ·οǰҲϢһҹʱҲˡ
ӣ֪Լոճ嶯̫ˡҲټ֡
׸ҲҪһϣΪ㵽ܲа
Ϊ֮Ȼ򵥣ҪˣͱȽ鷳ˡһҹʱˡ
һ˵ΪһѾʼ׼ӻͳһСֱķСĸ˵ʬԡСĵİƤ
߻ŷһҶһҶһˮħЩƤɾ
ѪܵƤһҶθһϳԵû³æ۾ʩһˮǽ
һҶָһӣһ׵ˮǽΪϡһŪΪһ׼ûУԶûüֱӱˮǽҳʮԶڵϹײͣסΣðҲûվ
һҶ̫ˡιЦ޵
ԣһҶ˫ۣΪӣ죬˼ħôˣӦˮġ
Ϊ쳤̾ƶڰƹ۷ԲҲһˣأǸ˵СΪǳΪʲôǰأ
٣ҿǱһ⻹ˡţǻΪϵˡ
Ϊ󾪣æǻ𿾿ûˣƶлûڻܼݺΡ
ΪƤǻԼУոǰû֣ΪЩ֣һƤϣѪܵģһҲûгϴɾΪɫʱһҶˮħƤϴɾϴҰ
ûɾһҶôæ׼ٴʩչħ
ͣΪˣæһȣһȡһ˵һ߰ƤڵϣΪæԶԶ㿪аҪһΣƶ͹λˡ
һҶ˾飬ûˮǽˮת˲Ƥϴøɸɾ
ż˵ӣ̲סһ͵Ц룬⼸ȥץŮԭ
ΪƤŪףʱȣҲûüȥԺ·Ǵӻͳһѵƿƿ޹ޣѸɫķĩ㵹Ƥ֮ϡ
Щĩһϵģÿʱ㵹һ֣һֱæ˰ҹŪ׵
˿ΧߵˣڿˣֻƤ˭
ŵ㣬꣬ϹĺϹԶĸɡ
ҿ顣æƾʲôǣǶӳȻҪһС
ֱ׳ôУݵĺǰ˻ϣʣĻҪиǣҵŮӲС
Ϊ˵ͷ˵ĶԣŮȷʵҪıˣԽССͰİԶ̫󣬰粻ˣ˱ŮӲС㻹Ҫݵġ
סΪҪΪ˵Ļѽ
ΪæȻԶҲܰˣЩһ𣬱˴̫Ϥˣ»¶Ҳܱ֤һ㲻
ŮӾУžΪ˵Ļɿ̲ס
Ϊ֣صĵ˵ͷţԼǵҪ˴һЩôһҲܸı䣬ŮװˣһͲˡ
һҶôСѵװһͷС𣿡ŵ
ΪһۣɴСǲܣСȴԣţǲǲң
죬ĵǲţëϵذɡʱҲûа취Ϊ˵һûУȷʵ̫С뼸ŮӲ࣬ҪСװˣ϶¶ϾЩ춼סһ𣬱˴̫֮ˡ
ǾɡȻҲƴǣϾŮӺ˻һҲġԼҲŲС
֪Ǳ뾭ģ˴εݲðŮҲû㶼ƾΪʩչ
ƤϣΪƤ˵֮䲻֮ͬһĭһĶһŪǰҹʱ䣬ֱ֮ʱŰƤƺá
ųص΢⣬˾Ŀǰװõӡ
޵ΪϵУǼһûа
ΪҲĿתĿĸԼȫӵˣǶϸ㣬ûûʲô׵ĵط
ϹĵΧźŮת˺üȦ󶼵û⣬һˡ
ŶΪ˵ǵϵζ᲻¶
ΪᣬõҩˮǱסƤϵζƤ֮䣬ҲҩǱζһԲ⡣Ҳյһ㣬˿ʲôƾζҲӦòỳɡֻһ㣬Ǻǰ˻ϺԵĽϻ¶
šţ׼ȷ˵ŴʱѾһʨͷˡ˵ͷȷʵһ⣬Ҫ˵ػᱩ¶
Ϊˣ۰Σûҵİ취
ˣ׷Щ˵ɡž
Ȼֽһȵ׷Ǽ˺󣬾Լǽ֮ǰҲʨͷ˵ɽ죬ЩҲϤˣǽʲôֶֻ֪ҪŮӲڣ⻹ǲ
˵ͬʱһҲûе飬ǰ׷˹ȥ
ûʱ֣׷ǰĸˣźŮǲû̹ȥ׵ľš
Ϊǲܾȥ˵Ҳһ仰˵ɣֻҪ˵б¶Ŀܡ
Ǿںôţŵ
Ϊ˵ͷȸһʱУǲ֪ȥİȫ·ڲɱǡ
µȵ˵طɱҲˡ˵ô˵ǻҪǻϣȡǿ׳·Ȼٰɱˣ׵ġ


235ͨ
֮ʱĸֹͣ˸·ĸ˷ֱһʨͷˡһ˺˿֡
ʨͷ˳Ƶʨӵͷ­ǳһƵͷ­ǵ˵ǰ̣֫ܶҲ·ֻȫвżǰ֫ŵάƽ⡣Ҳʹõĺ٣ʨͷϲð˴󲿷ֶϲצˣ˵ǰצӲһĵͽ
˿Ӳֻ࣬ȫŽɫëĹ֣ǿҪܹˣǽ˿֡
ʱźΪѾо˽Ӧǰ˻ϣȡȫ·ߣɹɱ⼸ˣȻװ˽
һаźúҪŮǰȥȴͻȻԼһ⡣
ƾʲôȥ˻ϣֻһǾҲǻһʱŮǰŮӶˣŮ˭磿
ͻȻͣס̲סţѾôֲˣ
εǵģûʱŮҹȥô˵
ѽôˣҿ˶ǺݺԼԴæΪ˵ųøɱְ
ΪæƤ𿪣ȴ̲סǣȱһˣô죿
ų˼Ƭ̣Ҳ̫ѣ˵ֻнħޣװǸ˽аǰɣ˵屻ħ޳ˡ
ţСŵĻ뷨Уͬ⡣
ҲûǣŪԭĸ˱ŲԶȥ
ֶ磬׷ˡûǰűк
ţԵʨͷ˽֣һ㶣æ̧ͷŵ˿
µ٣ôˣףŮ˰ֶһ۱㿴ת˲˶Էԭ
ϸĿ˿ߵˣʹñᣬʨͷֶССȥҲˣ˰µ٣ôֻˣһ𣿡
һæ׼õ˵˵һ飺黹Сģǰ˶ʮֻս˲۲ŰЩܣϧС硭
˵⣬ȻסʨͷѾܹԼ˼ˣ˵;˵ⱻԷ
ʵ⵹ŶˣԼıӣܹͬζǿʲôԸı䣬ֻζܡ˾ŵʲôһĵطЩҲỳɡ
Ŷǵǲã׷ˣȻƾ˵治һܰͻء˶٣ʨͷֵֶǰµ٣ôжʮֻսأҵ·ֻһħ޶ûѽ
죬֪ô£ҲЩħֻ·ɡҲȷʵû뵽ҳ·Ȼôȫֻнħ޶ûСŲɰ֣ħ޶ǻô·ôȫأ
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ֶŵһ仯Ҳûйġ̫Լıˣʶûʡ
ʨͷ˵ߣҲû˵һʱҲ֪ô˵ܹ̽ȫ·ߡ
ûжãֶԸ˿ֵ𰢻ƣȥͷħ޻ǵ͡
𰢻ӦһվҪȥԶȴͻȻһ޺óǻƽ𻢵Ľ˴Զͷǻƽ𻢵ټֻûзϰˡ
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׵ľ룬мвٵľ֧Ҳ֪˶ٿľ֧֮Ǵͨ׿ĵ·
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һ֧࣬һ֧ʺ
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ǣʲôͨŴҲû˵һ֡УȻֻһѣôҪأոյӣǰưǷʲôãԽԽǺ棬̲סҪ˳
ߵʨͷֶȴͻȻµٴˣγæҵûдͨӣ֪µٴ˴ûУУھϰɡ
ҿ⣬ʲôͨһ֪ءţȴҲûҲߵĴæҲû뵽鷢
ǰ˭ֻ뵽أֶ̾Ϣ
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̫ˡ˵ֶϲæվھͰϡ
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ŴҲûмҲ·ҲƵľֻûעѡŸҿ϶һ࣬ڱɽУûм
ҲǼΪϡ٣дƬ֣ͨžһӡҲûС
벻ףͨʲôأΪʲôһãҪԭһӣ


236 
Ų֪ͨʲôãܹҪû뵽ʨͷֶȴԼ˵˳
µٴˣ±ػ˷ֶߣͨÿײһãҲҪ²ܳҲ֪Ů᲻·ˡ
ʨͷֶŻȻԭͨ˱ǳİȫ·ߣΪ˲ػ˷֣ÿײһãһԿԱϲ֣ԼҲҪϲ̫ԶֻҪһñ٣пܻ·ˣǲŻֻ֣ͨҪȱʧĵط̲֡
뵽ˣѾˣԭ˼򵥡Լü·⣬û뵽ոջͽˣҸûԼʡԴǲ̫⣬ôҪھ˵˳ҲΪԷȥĸ̫֮ϤԭһеĹͻҪΪϵװıȷʵ˵ãһҲûз쳣
ȻѾˣҲͲҪαװˣһԥҲûУǰʨͷ˵Դһȭʨͷ˲Ǻ龳ʵڴ㲻ôŵĶ֣˷Ҳܶŵȭͷһȭݺݵʨͷ˵ͷʨͷ˻˻Σ߶ûк߳һĵȥ⻹ſ°ʨͷ˵ͷ򻵣ȻʨͷĻʬ塣
һԵԣæתͷǻû巢ʲôһֻȭͷϡҲԹԵĵȥ
һ⣬ʰƽ𻢵Ľ˿֣ƾľҲߵ
æתתͬʱϵĹѵУϡǰǸԥ˳ȥ
ڣǸոΪĵطԶ㱻˱ԥûз
һԥ֮䣬һǰһͻȻϣһžͰѽ˿ߵȻãһֱעǱߵĶѾ֣Ȼ
Լͬ鱻ߵһ˿һ㶣ʱûŪ׷ʲô飬ȴܵһȥԶԶ뿪Ǹֵˣ˳ͬʱеĹҲתֱָõʺ
һûûҶոҲۿԶľ룬һƬֱ֣лƽ𻢣ҪȻԼʵƽ֣ǶԷеĹøеΣա
֣һְҵĽսȻǿļȴû˸ӣһ龳һһҪ˺龳ǿǶԺ⾳ǿߣҲһв
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һʱ䣬ͷˣֱʱŲ˲ϵĺˮҲ̫ˣѽ
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Զͨһ죬ֱͦͦĵȥʵǳܲסˡ
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ۼ껹ҪڷæˣɱˡҲû˵Ǳ¶˰ǳʲô
ǾǡһҶæӵ˭˵Ǳ¶ˣ⼸ôܷαװء
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237 һŮ
ǱץŮƺŵˣþҲû˵һ仰
ΣŮæΧ˹ñŮļ磬ҪοȴŮʹӣһµӡ
״æšúһҶģ̲סЦ㿴ӣ˭ܲ°Զ
һ㶣ʱ׹Լ˴磬һʨͷ˼Χ˼ҹ²Ź֡
ʵⱻץסĹҲ˸ոյĴ򶷣ҲЩѰ飬ˣǲ˵ŵ˶ȥվԼߵĻһԼһЩŮŮɫǻ
ü״æ˵£Ƕػˡ˵ָָţҲˣֻװ˵Ӷѡ
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ŵæΧ˹׷Ůĵˣôץġ
Ůһ˼·㽲ԼԭŮҲһˣǾǧİǳŮ
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ӣԣصǣҲûôʱͻȥڣֻܰ͵ǣһܰȫȻʱҾʹȥԴİְ裬㿴ô
ðð¶˵ĵ漴ͻȻһ⣬ֵŸ磬ʱĻȥԴǺΣأ˵Ǹиկǧĵطկĵ̣կкüء˵կһѽСħŮһޱȣػû˲µġ
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˰ͷƽ𻢿쵱͡Ϊְĸ˵Ƥ£ҩˮݹ֮󣬱װ
ֻŷҺΪûд磬Ϊǿ˿Ϊƣ˱ݳ˽˿ֵģ꣬ԼҪʨͷˣУʨͷ˵죬ҺҲƣ·ʲôҪαװֻѣܵʱҪǰ֫ŵأ˭Ҳˡ
ʣƤëֻܸϹĺϹԶ׼ˡ
ڣ뿪ϹĺϹԶһǾŸˡǷΪĸһ黤Ů٣ܶ࣬ҪŮװʡ
һϼƣ÷˳һɱץŮ
ʱź͹ʨͷ˵ӣŷһҶˣΪϹҰɽ˿֡
ֻϹĺϹԶͰ¶˵ӣ˾Ҫ̽ץŮ䡣
ϹĺϹԶ·ϲûзʲô⣬ֻнħ޶˵ͲΣա
Ҫˣ˺һҲûа취ٰܲѱϵƤŪҲֻƾΪŪ
Ū֮󣬾Ÿ뿪ȥ


238 ʯ
ػᴩɽͷһľء
֪ʲôԭ򣬴һķ϶ޱ޼ʵԶȥ֪϶ľͷںδҲûоͷ
϶һǴɽһ
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ľ֮ϣһ׿档֪ôɵģĿУһĵţʵһ顣⽨ŵĹˣҲҪ⾳ʵܹڿзеУ߱еĵطһţҲ˵ν죬ûзǲҲ޷
ʱڴɽߣоŸվѷߵĵǰ׼ȷ˵ⲻǾŸˣǷֱʨͷˡ˿֡ˡŮ
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ϹĵĻԼͳŬһֻͷĴؾͷˡеĵλΪ£Ϊ̫٣Ȼλ֡ǹŬܹΪͳ죬ԭӦﵽ˾Ʒľ硣
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һԵĹϸĿǰĵţھͰѵŻˣ˾͹ػ˰ɡҲץŮˡ
ŵͷͬȷʵǻţ˶ʱ޷ػֻеһŲС˶٣ſӦòֹͣץʱŮɡ
ô᣿ֻҪǻţȻֹͣץˣΪץˣûҲͲȥ
Ϊһʵ̲סС갡ⲻǸոջ˵ͷǿɶǻɵĶޱȣҪ˷ɹȥͲʲôǣǴﵽ˺⾳ҪһҲ޷ɹôĵط˰Ż˸ֹץˣֹǾˡ
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Ѷٷϻֱţȥ
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ʯǼһȥǵľͷǽһЩʯҶԵüưܡ
ǳеĽҲò
ҲֹʯУǸĿ֮һƬɽˮ֮
ϸĿ˰ΣϹĳ̾һΪʲôһֱҪռػˣ˻ذ涼Ǹ⣬ػĸȻǴѡ
ǰ龰ҲüĻҲˣǻػ¸ûܹˡ
ǼΪ˲ץŮԭ򣬾һҲĿˡ
ͣ󣬱ǰĳǳȥ·ϣΪȴͻȻ뵽һ⣬ſ˵ȥػΨһͨȴɽİȫ·߻ҪҪŵΪʲôû˰أ
ΪһᣬҲо֣ȷʵӦúŲŶԣΪʲôһػ˶ûأ
ŵҸոעˣŵĲϼӲޱȣǽڵʯһֻֽк⾳ǿʹø߽пƻϸĽа״ϸǵʵǿҲҪһڵʱܹƻһǵȻᵣˡ
ԭ޷ٻˣϹʧĵ
ŵҲһûлᣬϾûеʯ̡
ţԼյĻֲסԼĻ档ȻûԹĻҲûȫİա
ֻڻŻŵʱ򣬾ô仰ʱ䣬ŸѾʯǵĳǰ
ǰа˸ŵˣٿ˿мŮ˱Щ˵ԭͷæǰˣȻһδŮӣһ·ϾΣհɡ
һףȻ˷ԼĶˣǰ·˼нħޣֵܶħ޳ˣҲǰ˰ȫˡ
ŵ˵ͷˣǣΪӷ硣
䣬תǰ·ŵ˸˴ͨǰֱӴŵ˱븮С
вãǰǰվˣץŮӽǰɡ
ţһ㶣漴㷴ӦȻѾ˳УԷȻҪʹ
תͷúһۣŮĵ˵ͷתõģǾ鷳λˡ
˲Ŀ˿ţǻҲûмĸʨͷ˶ôУʨͷ˿ߵλĴڣǽ˿֣ˡƷǲʲôλġ
ǰʨͷ˿ܳǹ¿ͷȻŴúȥˡ
ģŵԵϹĺϹԶȻҪװ㰡
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㿴˼˼Ϳͷһ˳Ҳѧŵ㡣Ϊ˲ǰ·ŵС
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ǰ·ˣɻĻͷϹĺϹԶ͸ոմúһ֮ɫ
УҲûм˸ʨͷǰ˵ʱǷĹݵĿߵϹĺϹԶһǴﵽ˾Ʒľ磬Ȼ˵
ϹĺϹԶβԣҲæѹϹĶݺݵҸ˿ͷŶûСǼҾɱʲôء
ŵ㣬ոʲôû˵æҲû뵽ôķӦҲ뿪Цѡ
˵䣬˳Ĵһθߴʨͷӭ˳رʯǵĳˡ
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239 
ʯ˸ܱ֮ʨͷȻŵ˼Ϊӣðһʢľ磬ŵðʹһپϯֱȵʱҲûн
ھϯУż̽ǳҲû˵ʲôõϢֻ֪ȵﹻʮʱŮҪŵ͵һǳǳǣǳйʮŮҪ͵ǣھ֮ЩŮʲôôʨͷ˵ˣҲ֪
ΪʲôҪŵȥͣԭȴܼ򵥣ֻΪ֮ʨͷ˶ѡҪ֪ʮ˵Ķʨͷˣ˿֣пǺټˡʨͷ֪ڰ·ģǰŮʱػǱ߱ɳʨͷǰĿľǻʯеŮȥǳǡֻ˵ŵ˵ʵ̫ˣʯΪǾŮȥǳǵģȻҲôͿˡ
ʨͷܹߣǵ֮Ȼǲҵġ
Ȼû̽Ůץԭ򣬵Ҳô˵úڻʲôΣա
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ЩŮĬĬĿúȴ˭Ҳû˵֮ǰйץľ֪ЩŮǱ˵Ҳҳ־ˣЩŮһʱ鼱ֳӰ˼ƻһãô졣
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˼ҺŮǱץģԸǰðգǵȻҲοԼ˼ҾȵģȻֻԼ
˵ǾҲܲˡǵȻӲ˵ĳǳأοǧĴɽ
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䣬п漴ССű㱻˿


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ƺͷСĲС˵ͷġ
תһȦȴһ·ߣǰѷһںãװ֪ڶǺһԷ
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۾һɣ˵ʲôһҶôΣաһҶŲװء
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ˣɱˡæֹϹģôģô֪Ǳͷ᲻ᱻǷ֣
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ôϹĺ͹ͬʱתΪݺݵʵ
Ϊ󺧣æţӳֹˣȥǾͲȥǳˣͷǵñ¶˲ɡ
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Ŵ˻ڣϹĺ͹궼˵ˣ˿һԵϹԶϹңҲ˴ϡ
ʱΨһŮһҶͻȻ˵Ÿ磬ΪʲôҪԶͰѧҲ𣿡
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Щ춼һֱ룬һҶһô࣬ΪʲôһҲ֣
ŲشһҶֵŸ磬ô˵ѽ
ŵһҶȻˣȷʵӦһҶѧϰ˶٣ſм˵ûУһҶԶ٣ǾͳԶ٣Ƕӳһ
ŵĻڼ˵ɫʱˣţܻܲȥʯǵĳɱ˶УǧѧϰһҶҪİ
ǰǰ༸æͣϹҺϹԶ̲ס˵
ߣǶǺˡһҶ˶ţŵŸ磬ǶǺˣԺкöԣǡ
ԶԶԣţǺˡ༸˴ϲ׷˵
ɫҲˣæתƻⶼС¡С£ǻооȥǳ֮ôɡ
ϹĵҪ룬ȥǳǵ·ϸôɡʯ˵·ϲ̫ȫػͬľˣʲô飬Ƕ֪λŮǻʲôΣա
ŵֻܱˮˡǳ˵ĺصӣȴ벻ףǻ͵ˣֲʲô·ĻΣ𣿡


241 ʳϬ
ŵʯסһȾ˰֮ãֵȵŮʱŮͺ٣ƷҲޣץػŮеĲ˳
Ůʮˣʯ500ЭŻŮȥǳǡ
ʱһ峿ʮŮϣŵǰ棬˸棬һ·ƺƵ뿪ʯǡ
Ȼƶ񤣬ȴǼ󣬸⼸ʯǵ˽⣬ػʮػķսôػΣաػмһɽڵǱɽǾ˹ػɶػڶĽ紦
ػ½ػм䣬ģλȴΣգĸΧм䣬ػսѱûػһǳŵʱڣһսܿбΣա
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Ȼŵڵû뵽ЩΨһҪģǰȫĵǳǣ̽ץŮԭ
ǳǾʯǧ·̣鲻ͣĸ·ʲôҲҲҪµʱܵ
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Ϲĵ˼ҾˣͲںĵ·㿴ȺˣߵĶɣԼҿͷƵġ
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ϬţȴԲϬţҪϺܶ࣬ÿһֻ׳Ͼǳһɫۼף⣬ֻһ۱֪ǵһΪͣǵҲһˡ
ͷֻ׳Ľǣ䲻ǿǱܵٶȣԼ̤֫ڵ淢ĳǱǽײϣʬ嶼ñײ顣
ʳϬʳϬ˾ֵĺ
ǧͷʳϬȫܣ̳Ƽ˺ˡ
Ǿ޴ٶȴǼ죬Ӹո¶ͷκʱ䣬ǵֻľ롣
סŴһǶһƵİڴɽ֮ʱɱǸƷģǴçѸ߽鵶ģȴһֱҲûڳʱΪ˲ǰ¶ű˳
нƵĶ̰Ǿʱһ񣬸ոǷϺµʱɢȥ
Ų֪ƽݵֻдﵽƷľ磬ܹõĸ߽
Ȼһ·Щ˶ŵģȻû뵽ǰĴ˾Ǵﵽľ硣ƷľʳϬͲľˡ֪ǻһϣ


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ǰԶʳϬŶ̰ӳǰžͻȻʧ˭Ҳûп巢ʲôֻǧĶУǰϰͷʳϬͻȻʧԭأʬ嶼ûʣ£ֻڰУһѪɫŨ
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˵ĻüͷͻȻǰҲûз飬ھȻԼˡⲢһͨĹ


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ź͹ǰֻʣ73ˣ뿪ʯǵĵ졣ǰʳϬ֮⣬ûΣաһЩ⣬ʳϬԺΪһ·ض̫ƽܻܿᲽά裬û뵽ƽ졣
Ѿ˽֮·ֻ̣һս˳ֻһ̫500ֻʣ73֪ǰ·Ρ
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ڵˮԽԽתѵǰһͻȻԾˮ棬ֱŲݵ
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ţȥɣｻˣϹͬʱ˵
ŵ˵ͷ־ٵǰһָͻȻʧԭأ


245 
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áһָĺ֢ʵ̫һָĹ⡣
һָȴҲʧ⾳ǿߵȫһָ鷢һָ
ؼ䣬ܹסŵϬһָȴûܹÿ
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ҡҡͷȫ˵ӰɡҸоϵëһЩһ̶ȣҾͻءС˵ûſǷʲô仯㻯һۺɫĹâ˽ָ֮С
̾һҡҡͷʼ
㼯һ𹥻Ϊʲôᷢ飿Ҳֻеǳв֪ԭ


246 ǳ
һȺ˯һһҹŻָżǰʱ߳塣·ûһ㣬Ȼһսμӵս
ǳģҪôߣ
߳ݵأûü˷ܣһµǰһûʣⲻͳ⡣
ǰһӣǻǴһ°ɡ
˰ʯǻŮȥǳǵˣȻҪⲻͱ¶𣿡Ϲŵ
Ҳûа취ǲʶ·˵ôˣôô֪еĵطػ·ҲǺǰֻһӣֲ֪ǸģӦòᱩ¶ʲôġ
ţ˵ĶԡΪʾͬôȥãһȥ·ɡ뿪ʯǺ󣬾սΪǲˣʵǺѵõһ顣
ţΪ˵еǾȥɡЦе˵
ȥΪʲôȥΪԹĿŹ꣬ôȥأ
ʹ࣬ȽʳûбʵѡˡϹһ˵
ţ㿴Ϊţֻ֪ܰԼָǹǺˡ
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Ϊף⼸˶һģõҲ˼
£ΪֻǰĴׯȥ·Ҳûʲôһ·ϵľʵ˲ҷġ
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ǿ˲ΪϱԶڵŵ˶оˡ
󾪵ҿʹ·ѣԶóˣ
Ϲû˵ȴǰ˭ȥҲ׼ðҪǻԼҲȫ䱸ֻΪһŪضе˶ѡ
һ˽ĶΪ߽УҲЩ֪ʿܲ˳
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ŵһ˲˲ĿΪǰû¶
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ˣʵʵҲк͹һ뷨ΪӳȻֳ
Ϊ˵ͷǳﻹ1000·ֻ̣Ҫ˳Źٵ߾ߵ
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ǳǲ֪ҪʯǴ϶٣еĽҲҪɺܶࡣǽҲʯҶѳɣȫùĴʯ롣ʮ׶ߣǽϳŵվĽ˿֣سŵʿҲˣǶʮʨͷˡ
ʨͷسţǺе飬ʯУҲ˶ѡ
óǳǺʯȫһϣ߸޷Ƚϡ
ŵ˲֪ǳг˾⣬ǿһǳءҲзǿһǡȻҲŮ͵һתվˡ
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ǰ棬Ÿոߵţ㱻סǰһʨͷ˺ȵվסʲôģ
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ʨͷ˵Ȼ׶Է뷨æ500˵ģֻ·Ϸ⣬αΧ500ȫս
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䣬ǰǳǵܹܰɣڴΪ˽ӷ磬λ
ǳǵܹܣ΢΢һ㶣еĵλΪ£ǵһ֣Ӧ˵ĻѪˡ
˵ͷûж˵ʲôһŰɣųȥ
˵ξ˺ܴΣգеȫսɣһһʵ
ŵ˵ͷ򵥵˵ľЩҲûʲôġ
˵ͬʱһֱŰɣֻɣɫͣ任ֱŽ꣬ɣŵЩԽԽˣշǵó˳ǲɡ
ŵӦòˣӦȫǣѾûʳϬĴˡ
˵ɣɫֱ䣬üΪ԰סֵĿһۣȴû˵ʲô
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ôءɣǿЦЦЩŮӶһ٣ôỳɴأ
ˣ
̧ͷŷ˳ǰվŰ˸ʨͷˣȴûһǰʨͷæ˳ĴšɣĵλߣͨҪŵ˽븮С
һܴԺ䣬ɣֱӽ֮УһʢľѾںãһߴʨͷվУ۾Ŀ߽ŵˡ


247 
ֶˣǳǳȶ١еʨͷ˼ŵ˽æǰһܱ
һû뵽ԷȻ֪Լ֡ȻǻװɵǸʨͷ˵֡ʨͷʶ¾Ͳðˣǰ¶ԷʶԼȻҲͨˡ
ͨһ㣬ŷȶٴ˺á
ֶƲѱãǲ顣
ŵ˵ͷҲֱӱ㵽ȻҲһҶǲܲˣ¾Ϳʼ
ſЦЩ̫޷ˣѵͲװһǳôءﵽû˵λҲ֪ϹϹԶŷһҶ˼ѹûЩȶٻû£ѾˣȹΪ磬˻֪װһװء
ϸĿųȶʲôӦȴȶһ仯ûУһҲӣĻ˻֣֪ʱĸʨͷˣʮŮӴȥץķ²ȻǴĵط
ú˿ţĵ˵ͷﵱȻ̫Ķ
תŶȶٵˣ̫ûòˣ˲Ҫ룬ȻҪװȻҪװףʲôûвȻܱ¶ݡҲҪһЩһ˵һߺݺݵĵϹĺϹԶһۡûеһҶô˵һҶҲһӡ
ȶȴǹһЦֶ̫ˣ˵һ·ϵǶӢۣȻҪ
ϹİһۣȻû˵ŻףϹ˼ǣǳԷûɡӢ۾ģҪŻ¶ء
ǳ˳飬˹ȻǺ಻ͬȻûûСġ
漴Ҳٶ룬ģզզˣʵڲоͰʨͷֱӸɵź򣬾Ͳ˵
뵽ˣҲŲʿʼڳ⣬Ⱦƣ˵ʳΪ찡
һŵ˺ͳȶ٣аɣ㡣
ֻǰɣһ仰Ҳ˵Ҳȶ٣ʲô¡ȶٲͣ·ϵҲɻѡʳϬȻҲϮٱǴôۼһȶжĲЩӦеˡ
ðɣɻһǣô㹥ŵôӵóȻɻȶȴûʳĻǻŵ˵ʵȷʵڻɣ˵ڣǾǶԶԷĲˡûĸ˻˶ԼʵĻɡô˵ǴŮһҲû٣һֵˡ
ŵȻҲóȶٵɻ󣬲ԷʣȻҲ˵ܲ˵еŮҲսʵ
Ҳ̫̽ҲץЩŮӵԭΪˣ˶Щż֪ȥȻҪһǲ֪֪֪֪Ļ˶аѶԷֱӸɵͷҲֻ򲻵ѲϾѳ£ȥ·ϻΣգǱض⵽ȫ׷ɱֻǻãЩŮҲܲܡ
һ;ϯһֱԵڣֻһϢǾڴЪϢһգҪŮǰȥǡǳÿʮŮҪǡ֮ùҲһҪŵǰȥȶ˵ŵ˵ЩɣҲ⼸һ˱Ż͡
Ҳ֪оԭȻܾ
ɢ󣬼˻ص䣬һŽӦô졣
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ΪͷС꣬ӽ£Ϊûи𣿱Ĳ˵ػľǣӦ֪жٸְɣǼ⾳Ҳʲôɡ
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ΪֵĿţǿ׳յ񣬡㲻Ϊľֶûаɣ
Ҿ֪һܡʼ磬ʵ˵
ΪôǾǵˣٲֻǹϵӶѡǵһϵûС˶٣Ϊֵ֪Ϊʲôʮʵô𣿡
ҡҡͷ
ΪΪػеĸ֣ھ֮С˶ںڳ⣬Ǹ߽
һ㶣ôɱˣи֣Ҫֻ֪Ҫִﵽ龳ģǱضǧټƵĻ֮漴룬ҲǣλٺݣػôȻҲܰ˶ɱ⡣
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Ϊҡҡͷû֪ʵľ20⾳ǿߣʵһԶԶЩͲܹ֪ͨˡ
20⾳ֻǰڳģ̲ס죬ԼС˻ʵҪɱܣҪ׼С
źΪ˵û꣬һԵϹʵ̲סӦ۵ģǹҵĸְɣǲӦоһ£Ӧô죿
ŵ˵ͷ˵еʲô뷨˵˵ɡ
⻹ʲô˵ģȻȥǲУֻаǸʲôţȶ٣ԣȶ١ֱӰץͽ𡣡
ôУĸأôӳȥ⡣Ϊ侲ķҲܹɱȶ٣ҲܱʳץŮԭ򣬵һ֪ٵ³ض˵׷ɱ̫ðա
ð̽ô
Ϊҡҡͷʵʵ˵ѣðȻʣȻɣܻܿ¶
ҪΪͲðա˵
һĬȷʵ뷨ҲȻ³çΣԺܴ󡣵ǳҲûиõķӽӵ񣬽һ𣬾עΣء
һƽƽģǲܵ顣
С꣬˵ҲеΪ˼Ƭ̺˵
˵ȥȴͻȻĸ첲漴һָ
ʱž˶ŵ˼ˡ


248Ե
ͻȻһƬ˶šŵ˼ԣ˵ˡ
ȴûиоȻҲǺ⾳ǿߣûǿľ
ǰɣݴ˰⣬ֻ·˵
³һʲôֵôСֵģɣǳܹܣ˵·ܵҲûʲô
ŵҽһֱ˺֣ʲô˼ǵġֻһˣܹӡ
ʲô˼겻
ȥǶ䣬ǰƿţӰһʧС
ëɡ
û
⣬ֻһ䣬͵˰ɣԶûзһ
ɣһˣСĵǰߣʱĶûзšһ⾳ĸһ龳ģȻᱻ֣οϻǿܹм
תһԺ䣬˳һݵС߳ԶɣĶǣһܴӡûдֻһȺصţһѺصĽ
ɣ¿һۣӻһԿףƿţ˽ȥ
ȴûжʶ̽ӦʮŮúȶС
ʣǹѺػŮӵĵط
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ջʶûмŽȥܰɣʲôĿģŶģõ˵ʵǰɣܹԸ˵ġ
վһŲ˽ȥֻеŮӶΧһȦȦģѾԵİɣл߬һѵ
ô£ߣʵ
ָŰɣҪɱǡ
֪ԭ𣿡ʵ
ҡҡͷ֪һͳѵ漴ҪˡҲûüʣֱӾͰˡ
תͷһۣеŮӣƶˣв龳ĸ֣ɣҪɱˣ쿪⵱ȻҲְܹɣôҲ뵽Щ˽Ǳ⿪ġ
ţ˸ô죿Щĵʵ
Ұ˴ߡһϵİɣת˳ȥ
ص䣬Ѱɣһӣ˶һ
ţôץˣ֪Ҫҵ𣿡
пܡŵ˵ͷոȥɱЩŮ˺֣ǱҪС
ȥɱˣô£ЩŮҪ͵ȥһܹôҪȥɱǣʹ˻Դʵ벻еԭ
Ҳ˵˺֡
ָһһɫĹâڰɣǰﵽ⾳㣬ŵǱ˰ɫܵİɫ
ɣҭһ£۾ãĿΧһУһŷӦô
Ұġŵ㻹ǵû֮ǰ𣿡
ɣӵվĿŵˣʲôǵãҪȥˡһ˵ɣһſȥ
վŵķ򣬿Űɣ죬ΪԳȥ𣿡
Ҫɣ侲ˣǳǡȻǶӢۣɱǳǵܹܣܳеġ
ЦһǳǵܹܣɱʮŮҲе˺ɡ˵㣬ǳôҲк³ɡ
Ѿôʱ䣬㲻֪ΪʲôץЩŮ룬Ҳ֪ЩŮҪԣǾһССܹ˵ɱɱġ
㣬Ż˺ܶ顣ɣҪɱЩŮһ·Σأÿ˶˲Լһ˵ǳǣǲûгˣԭܼ򵥣˲ǣǲЩŮŴﵽǳǡڰոռɣʱڰɣЩŮʱɫͺܲãһֱء
Żú֣֪ɣɱ˵ʱ򣬾ͶѾˡ
ҲµĲ·ϵʳϬ㣬Ƶİɡ˵
ɣɫ˱䣬ȴû˵
ֵڰ㽻³һܲҡ
ɣҲ˶٣ɣֵЩŮΪʲôûбƣҲµĲҲйذɡǰҽҲù
ЦЦЩҪֻ֪ΪʲôҪɱЩŮ
һϵûС
ҲһȻ뵽ҽЩŮӵĽƣҲӦ뵽Һ˲һҲǿлĵط
ɣ㶣ЩŮӵĽģ
б𣿡
ɣ۾𣬳Ĭòŵ֪ܲΪʲôҪ
ŵ˵ͷԣھͿԸ㣬ԭϣǰȫҲǴȥڣ֪Ҫɱ˵ԭ𣿡
ɣĿţòſڵҵĿĺһҲǲȥǡ
ͻȻžþöû˵
ʵ̲סŰɣ㲻ȥǣΪʲô
ɣȻҲ֪ǵĿʲôҿԸǣǵ˾ǣػΣˡ
סĶŰɣʲô˼ػûΣʲôϵ
ǲػˣɣͻȻʵ
üͷ𣬡ɣܹܣΪʲô˵һ˲䣬ȫ˫֡ɣΪʲôʳ⣿ǲԼ¶⵽ǳĻɣɣֻһϷ̽Լ
ŵķӦɣ¶һ˿Цݣܼ򵥣ˣôܻ⿪ЩŮĽƣ֪ǴӴɽǱߵػġֻܹһԭǸͲˣػ࣬Ҫԭġ
¶һ˿ɻ֮ɫɣʲôˣ
ŷʣɣּҲػˣ뵽ôࡣѾôʱ䣬ȻһҲһֱڵȡ
˶סô룬Ҳ벻ɣػˡôܣػôܱǳǵܹܡ
ɣЦһµѾʮ꣬ʮʱ䣬ҪõһΣһ̫ѵ飬ҪˣҲһ¡
۾𣬽ĿŰɣòŵػģ
ɣ˵ͷػĲֻһˣϰˣֻǴ󲿷ֶˣڻŵĿûʣ
㲻Ǻ龳ľ磬ôܹɽŲεĿŰɣ޷ȷɣ˵Ǽ١
ɣܼ򵥣лɵͷػҲлеػޣҪһﲢʲô¡
ŵ˵ͷЩŰɣ˵ˣԷˣҲûбҪԼ˵ô࣬ȴһ㲻ȻػˣΪʲôҪȥɱЩŮӣǿͬ࣬ˡ


249 ߴ·
һƬžֻаɣһ˵˶ھš
ҪɱЩŮӣҲûа취ȥǣҲһĺܲҡҲֹЩֻ34Ů͹ˣʮŮӱ͵ǣ룬ұֹֹЩŮӲȥΨһķֻɱǣΨһܹˡ·ϲŻ⵽ǰĹ
ץʱŮʲôĿģ̲סʵ
ɣȻҪػԴڴɽҵȫͨʱ޿̲ռػǧԸô飬ҪͬС
УߵĴڱֻˡ˿ֺʨͷˣе嶼ĺ١ֻ80ǰԼһɽ֮Уչ˵ǸڣһǿĽ磬ûܹǸϵΪˣڵŻֲϵڣͲᷢ顣
ֻڣܷս̲ס˵ǴµĽ磬ЩŮѵǽйأ
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ɣˣֻɱЩŮΪǵػ
һĬһˣһʱȴûһ˵
Ǹô죿ʵ̲ס˵
Ϊ˵ֻһ취ЩŮӽ뾩ǣҪ췵֪ͨһҪ߾ȫʱŮİȫץһ
ŵ˵ͷţǾͻŮߡ
˶㶵Ŀţ˵Ůȥǣͻ·ЦҲûôİɡ
ŵǵȻҪˣܲھʹ߰ɡɣһɱǣ
𡣡˰ɣһۣȻ˵컨׹һʥ˰ǹӣҹ껹ǿˣôҲܶԼְͬɣ⻹𣿡
һ˵һԵİɣһһףһ仰Ҳ˵ûɣҪɱô޹Ůȷʵһٵ顣ֻǹ꣬˿¶һ顣
ûһϲɣת߲Ŷԡܹܵա߳ȥаΣգŵ˲Ҳܡô˵һ·ˡ
ǰɣûж֪ŵ˵ļƻһñ֤ЩŮܵﾩǣȻᰲġУɱЩŮҲҪȥ
ſ˿ɣ˼ȻҲػˣļƻҲûıҪ
ֱ˵װʲôֱ֪ӴŮ뿪ȵһȫĵطͰһͬ͵ɱ֮ƿǳǣٴǷػ
ŵĻ˶ûнӿڡɣһܴ󵨵ļƻʮŮдԽǧصػһ׵顣ǣ֮⣬Ҳûиõİ취ǲܰЩŮ²ܣôΣǱⲻ˵ġ
̸һ󣬶ûʲôõİ취һ¾˵ȥðգǺ¡
ɣ뿪ӵʱ򣬸һŵͼ˵ҪעⰲȫβȫҪһ˻ŻȥԱػ

硣ǳһɽС
ʨͷˡ
ŵȡ
ڵʮʱŮšŷһҶ͹ڶǰϹġϹԶϹҺΪڶ󷽡
ʨͷǳǳȶЭŻģлﵽ⾳ʨͷˡһһʿǰ棬һһĺ档
ŴһƣǰĶͻȻͣס
תͻȻʧԭأһ̣ѳһ⾳ʨͷ˵ǰָѵжԷš
£һͺȣһۺɫĹâͻȻߣֻգۼ䣬ڡ
ӰһΣѵһ⾳ʨͷ˵ǰʱѶһ͸ĽٵĴʨͷ˵ʺ
ſеĺ⾳˵ǾƷ
ʨͷ˷Ӧ죬һ࣬Ƕ㿪ŵĽڶͬʱһƵĶ̰ѳС
֪ʲôȴˣƵĶ̰ȫŻȥ
õĺܴٶȴ죬ʨͷ˾ȵķ֣Լеİܵ˿ƣһҲӲӦеûеԭվִ̳еĽ
ʨͷУ⽣İһŶ㿪İȴ㲻ԷĽ˶Ķ͸ĽȴĴʺ
漴һŻȼ𣬰ʨͷ˵ʬոɸɾ
ֹͣǰʱ򣬶ȴֻš
վһĹ꣬ʧһ˲䣬ͻȻתʨͷ˵ĶӳеĽʱŷһҶҲѾһɫĹâ꣬ٴλӶһȻ󣬱ı׶ճ֣ʨͷ֮С
ʱ䣬ϹġϹԶϹҲӳеĽ
٣ߣԣɣΪȻֲų֣һҲԵϹ
ЩȫĹ
䣡һ죬мͻȻ飬Ƭɢ䡣Ƭģȥܵʨͷˡ
һ̫ͻȻʨͷȻǿں׼£ҵĹ̼
µʨͷ˸ûüӦڶֵ
ǳƬʨͷ˵£ʱʨͷҲ٣
ˣҲ֪ʲô飬ڵء
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ʱ⼸ʮʨͷڷӦæɢӡȴѾ̫ŵȺ⾳ǿǰܹӵ
ܵԶһʨͷҲֻܳף㱻׷ϣһΪ롣
ߣֻ˵һ֣˱ۼһĬĬĸŷԵĸɽһȥⲻȥǵķҲǻǳǵķߵһ·
һ·˭Ҳû˵һֱߵʱ֣˲ͣŴӻͳһŵͼϸĿҹɣš
λö𣿡Ϊʵ
ûлشֿ˰Σ֣ص˵Щ㿴ɡ˵ţŰѵͼݸһԵΪ
ҿ죬װģĸʲô
Ϊѵͼӹ涼ǳɽ룬һɫ߱һ·ߣó·ܲߣ߱ܿе·ȫȺɽ֮д
ΪҲǿ˰ΣϸĿ˿Χĵơߵĵţ·ˣƫ200


250 Ŭ
Ϊ˵Ŵ·˶ƵĵţŷһҶɫЩá
һ޹Ŀ˵ɣֻ˰ѣ»û200ɡЩУмŮػ޶ûУĴ඼Ǻ徳ʵҲ첻ˣߵĲԶ
˶٣ֵôߴأȻԺҿԣǼͷɽȵĵ·90ȵֱǣôߴƫҲƫ˶𣿡
ΪɫһƬ࣬ҧûƫӦߵ·ģȫ෴֪֪
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ҹʱֻ֣صɽȣЩʨͷ˵ʬ廹ԭأȻûȷʵһƧĵطôʱ䶼û˷֡Ϊ˵ɫ̫á
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£ܹȫ˵𣿡˵æʵ
һܡ˵㿴µı仯жò˶ã¾ܱ˵ˡ
ǿ̫ˡ˷ܵĵȵһ죬ͺ½飬룬Ƕһס
һ쵽֮ǰһҪκ۾Ŷ˵룬֪ҼдǱ½ˣ׿ڸңǱϵһжġػ½ıһԭһƬ󺣵룬¹ݡң¹ݣκκۼ
ҵ۾κ𣿡뼤ʵ
ʵܼ򵥡ֻԸһǼ޸ţһۿŵӡ
ڣԸȻпʵ֣һΪͨЦݡüЦЦÿһЦ
ҲЦģʱ䣬Ҿȥ¹ݣ룬Һ´һȥòã
šЦŵͷ

˶һҹû˯ȴ洺磬»Ƕ̫ˡԬȥˣŵ˶ڴУһЩֵ顣
ֻçУç룬ţкö໰û˵ء컹ûͱӲˡĻ˵̫ûʩչˣڿçǵʹʹһɡ
çĻ˵ǣںͿ໨ĺܺãҲûأ˸ѹͷв
໨ȴһֻЦһҲں˵ĺֲܿȴԲçġһΰǸ̫̫ײ̫̫׷˰£Ǵ⣬һζЩܡ
ӿֵĹţת۱ǰ¹ȥĲѾȬҲ뿪ʱˡ
һĬĬʰŰԬ̲סʵţΪʲôǻС¥ǲʲôҪ
ôʱ䣬ѶԬ˵ĲԺ͵ŷңʱС¥ŲûиԬԭԬʱŻ̲סʡ
֪һ鷳Ѿµеԭ
裬û£ˡ˵ԬҪȥһܣ赣ġⲻ֪Խǲ˵ԬŻԽġ
ǲҪȥһܱˣС¥ΣգԬĶӣܲ³롣
ųĬƬ̣漴˵ͷǵġֻԷһǸСˣǲ
Ԭüͷ壬ֹű𣬡а𣿡Ԭʵ
ŵ˵ͷʮİɱ˻ܡ
ȻأǹȨӣɱ˻֮ᷢʲô𣿡ԬЩĵĵ
ŵͷҶ裬İɣû¡
ţһҪСġԬ˵֪ԼܸӸ
ʰϣҲûжٶ
⡣
С˵ŷҰȫ˶ɣһᱣǵģǹȨҲδظҶô
ҡҡͷܰȫû˻ҵǸطȥɡ
˵ͷǻȨ鷳һҪ֪ͨңȻֻһ֮Ҳкһս֮
õģ浽Ǹʱһġ˵
ֱŴ뿪ȥŷңȫٺúŶһǰѰһܵ䡣
ծ̫á


262 ĵ
ǡ
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ֻšĸĸԶͽﶼѲС
Űٺ˼ˣҲһѸĸ͵ܵܶһκ˶Ҳĵط
һֱڵţ֪ڲԺ󣬾ܱˮһս
Ϊǡ
ţҵܾˡϾǴһ˿Цݣѵ̫ãΣ鶼ӦһˡҲҪá
Ϣ𣿡ŵֱ롣ĹϵҲҪס
˵ͷھǣڳСҲһֱ㣬֪ȥҲ֪ڵľ硣ǰ㵱ĸ󻼡
ҪǺףŵǲֻҪߵϣȥͻң
Ӧġ˵ͷ
ˡվȥ
Ҳվ˵ܵ߻ĸ֣ﵽ˺⾳ЩӾǴġ
ţ֪ˡŵ˵ͷ˳ȥ
ǵĴ֣һϢ
ڴϣߵĲҲֵ˳Եľ¥¥λҲΪһε飬ʶ硣
ɣﻹڣѷǡ
תǼȥ
ǸʱֻΪܼһ棬Լĳ˾ʲôӡǸʱ֪˭Ҳ֪Ҫʱӵкͻܿʵ
Ľ죬֣¥ȴѲʱš
ǸʱԻܣֻ̡ڣϣ
߽¥¥ݣߵǸλá
ûеһˡһơҲû¥µĽֵһۡ
ֻǾߣԡ
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ȴһȴ˾úµ
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ڣŴߵ꣬СȴһҲҽӽ
ɢģɱôɱˣŻŨɱ
¥´Ų
һˣһŮˡ
ֱߣŶ档
Ŷʶ֪û˼ǵãŸոմԴʱ򣬼һССӶšŷӶš
˾ǸӶŵų͸ųࡣãʱŶܺá
ڻŷӶŵԱֻԴһ֮ҲûӶŵ
ſˣȴһ仰Ҳû˵
꣬Ӧ˵Щʲôģʲôû˵
̫ʱΪʲôҪʱΪʲôôɣ
Ҳûʡ
ʣȻҪ˵Ȼһ
ţþòˣ㻹𣿡˵
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ӶţռӶءռӶŵߵȼˣżǵãոǵʱʱǻֻһ͵ȵǼӶš
ʱ䣬һжѸı䡣
ʱԶصǰŵͻȻЩ䡣
ţҺѾܳʱˣڰҵˣǽӵһɱһͷ߽ħޡû㣬ɲˡţһҪ񣬲жæ
̾ϢһĿŶͶãߣǿܻѡ
ƶҲŷӶŵĳԱ˵һѪܵĽѵͬĴŲ᷸ڶΡ
⼸һֱûкŷӶϵΪģĿеѻɵˡ
Щ£ǶҲ㲻ģܴҲһӡ
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һдһ֣һдһ֡
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߽ڣһֱһ仰Ҳû˵ڿڵû뵽ڻ
һжҪ˵ӶŵĻ£һݵ֤һ;Ա֮໥硣
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˵ͷǵģһҲûôˣ㾹ȻΪѰˡ
˶٣ֵԭԭһֱϵһϡ
۾𣬡ǵģʧȥеǷݴ棬һֱֻܰ
һĻĻ꣬ŷӶֻʮˣΪ˰ѰһɽʮദһǶ顣
һжǼٵģһԤµȦסҲ̫ɱһ㡣
Ԭվţ˫ۡ˵ȻһжǼٵģǷȴʵġô꣬ԬҲûǡ
ŵ˵ͷ㡣
ԬûŵĻԹԵļ˵ǰҽˡҵɷܺãѾʮ꣬Һϧݸ顣
Ų˵
Ԭ˵֮ǰҵɷȴˡɱţ֪𣿴ӳһҺ͸ע˲Ҹп֡Ϊĸ׵ĶǾѾӡ
žĿԬ࣬ĿЩܲ϶١
ǵġĸȴǱҴܶࡣūҵū
ͻȻվ࣬Ҫ˵ЩɱţͿ뿪ܡ𣿡
ҡҡͷˡҲɱţܰѻܣҲѲĵĥ֪Ϊʲôɱ𣿡
˭
ɷ򡣡ͻȻֳһ˿ЦݣΪ̫ܶãţһħֻɱ
ã󺰣Ѿһ˿ԡ
໹Цһ⳥һħ
֣һѵͻȻڶС
һѴţԼš
žڶĶ棬мһӣڶߣʲôû
Ƕûֹ˶ĵԼš
ܹѵʹô죬ɣѴﵽ˺⾳ǻܴĸ֮һ
ûɱţҲûҪɱš
һУֵֻʱ⡣ɱǸֵˡ
ȻɱԼ
һֽѣһָı
ûк͸ˮһ³Σ᲻Ͷһ
ˣŵʱǲҲ֣
ߵˣ̫˲֡Լأأ
Щȴģ뵽ֻһ㡣ܸ
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263 ǰϦ
¥ûˡ֪ʲôʱ˶ˣõСˡ
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Ų˵
˵ԭһֱ˽ãΪ˻ܣῪġΪɱԼɷֻڼᶨԼľġ
Ų˵
˵ʵѾҸˣֹҴûС
˵ţܲһ顣
ڿڣ˵
˵ܲܰҺﶼνһҪڳǶʮСƽɽɷ
һᡣ˵
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۾УɱԼġǶˡ
ŵȴܳ˵ʬ壬߳¥ڴϡ
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ʮʹʹĻţá޹Цӡ
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ǰʱ򣬾ǻƻ衣
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ܹɼ˵Уֻлһˣվӵġš
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ۣûзϣǲǺɵʵ벻ףΪʲôǲɱ㡣⾳ǿ˵ɱ㲢̫ѵ顣
ЦЦҲѾɱңҲ졣ôú⾳Ŀƣһû˻š
ܾǳ̾һţҲѾ˽һˡܹԻһУɱԼػޣҲ鷳㲢Ƿɡ
ô󷽡ŵҲӦ֪ҽԭ򡣡
ɱҡܺ򶨣ǣûʵ
Ŷ۾𣬾ĿŻܡ
ܼ˵ػҪɱҵ˺ֹǧڣȴǻĺܺá
ŴЦĺܺãΪǧУû˽š
˶ȣְֵܹ꣬㺦£ܹвһֱڶ޷Ķţ
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ģȻɱ˶Է£Ҳûʧ
ţһǶܶݺݵ˵Ѳ˿һˣҲǡ
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۾󣬽еĽ
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ڣһóһָ֪һָ᲻ǿ
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һֵܹҪڻܵǰҪӣ˭ù֡
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ûԸŮвţ֪ûãŲһвˡ֪֮Ļѡǻӣȴܡ
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Цһתȥ
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ڴʱУѲ߱κвֻһϣһС΢Ĵڡ
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󾪣ִϲ
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ţѾɱ˻ܣʵ
ҡͷûУһɱ죬һһֱ
ͷ߽Լ䣬һУ
ûֱֹȥ̾Ϣһ
ʱֻź顣
ΪҪ̾Ϣʵ
˵û뵽һԭڻУʲôǣŬõģֻһ֮䣬ȫʧȥ̾ϢԼ޴˵ʲôƲѣΪŲеȨơһ򣬺αҪôĿࡣӦ뿪ģûм޸֮ǰӦ뿪
Ȩƣ˭ܷ¡ǰܷλãҲܷ»ӵݡ
ǵϣһؼȨ֮䣬
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ЩҲ޹ء
ֻһ飬Ǿһս


264

Ǳ䳡ȫǵİռ֪˭ųȥķʱ䣬˶֪һ
ȻһֱĹأ˻Ǻ١еİȻŹ֡ο˫Ǻպ
ϴΪǵһԣѾǵˡܾ͸˵ػĴ
ֻţ༰ˣôһ
ܶ˶뵽⣬ֶܶԹȥ˵ʲôҲ㲻ϣУֻҪܹ̺ͽͺá
̨ϡ
źͻԡ
֮ǰڳʱ˲ͬⲻͬڴϡ
¶һ֮С׼ᣬ͸ͨɢɵĹ⡣
͸͸ףԿڻܵشһԲεɫס
һ۱Կϵ׺ؿڵĻľǸ߽ΪԼȴһ๦ڶʦϡٵػȻܹҵ߽
⣬ҲǻܸӦԭǰûڻϣ˻ܵʱûҶ֣֪ŵһָж
ڣûа⣬߽ı£һָжŶ˲ԼֺҲû龳ţ֮ﵽ⾳
֪һ㣬
ûκιһһɱɢ
ǰ죬ͻȻһһɢŵĳ
ųУָš
γĽ˵ǵǰűԼ˵ġ
۾΢УܣеĽ
ܵǸ߽ľǸ߽龵Ľȴֻһн齣
ĽһýԹ˵ûнӻ˵ȻڿŻܣȴû˻˵Ĵڡ
֣20ˣڿΪˡһ˿
Ž20꣬20ꡣ20ǰɱ塣20Ľ죬ծ
ǵİ˽ԭˡ
ԭŵİְǱɱģҪΪױ𰡡ż̵һ仰Ѿжϳ
ǣܿػĵһ֣ôʤأ̲ס˵
ǰŲӮġҡͷ̾Ϣ
̨µЩźһҲû
ķֵĽָֹǶһ͸ϸ
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ȡ֣ܾһûжǲ룬ǲܡ
ƾ⾳ʵҲֻһ㵽ü䡣
ʱ֪һжôĿЦԼ໤סΣУԭԼѾʲôǡ
ֻһѿŵľѾ߹ԼѧĵȼҲ߹ԼԼʲôװŵһ֮
̨¼ž˵Ĺ㳡ϣʱһûС˶ۣŴ쿴̨ϡ
ʵ˵Ԥϣ˭Ҳû뵽Żʤû뵽ʤôס
ţ㲻ɱҡ̨ϵĻͻȻ˵Ѿ֪Ǿ绹ѧԼѲŵĶ֣и߹ŵĵطģݡػĻӣһ޷ȵġ
Ҳɱ㣿۾΢УΪʲôɱ㣿
ΪǹӣػĴ˵ɱң㽫ػ׷ɱܵ˵˵Щûһ飬˵ĶʵŲɱԼ˭ҡܻڣƾĲǺ⾳ʵǻӵݡ
ų̾Ϣһɱҵĸףң˵Ҳɱ㣿
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һ˲䣬о˺£һɲǣѾ˶󴦵ľʹ
ŸҿԼһֻ֣ǲҲҿԼͷ
Ĳ±𣿲ػ׷ɱ
ٿţܵ¶⣬ţҪɱң
ŵͷ۽ԵʲôҶ¡㣬ҷɱɣ
𣬴ϵ»ӳһŨİ׹ܴͷ裬ĸ롣ڰɫȼ£ֽ߽㱻ơ
ӱɱ̨µȺͻȻѾ֪ʤˣǺͻһ˭Ҳû뵽žȻɱ˻ܡ
Ҫ֪ǿǻӣػһ񻰡
ɱ˻ܣʲôĺû˸
˿̨»ҵȺûͣնֱʧС
ѱȴһ˰ˣ޺ۡ
ҪԵģֹ׷ǳһŭɱ¾һȫµҲһĿʼ
50һɽ
뿪ǣű
վŵĶ棬ˣڱ仹ûпʼʱǱ
ţҪȥ絣ĵʵ֪űߣԼûбŵʵ
Ҫңȥȥ֮Ҫأñһʱ䡣˵ˣô˵Ҳǻϵӣһ𣬺ܻܿΣա
ǵĶС¡˵ҪСģȥﶼҪ⣬ˣȨһưոݵġ㲻þӣҲܻܿӾɳ׷ɱ㡣еĸֿɲͬڱ𴦣к⾳ϵǿҲ֡ˣҪСģǧ򲻿Ӳƴ
ŵͷһġ

ǡʹ
ɱܲյʱ䣬ػĹȨڻʹ֪֮Ϣ
ʱŭʱ㷢˸ɱŵһʥּ
ڻȨŭʱ򣬻ʺߡʺ˵ո˵֮бɱģػĹ涨ɱǲģΪʲôҪΪܱأ
ȨЦǻӣͨôһҪභǲǰɱҲ԰ɱˣ
ʺû˵˫ͬ²ܽеġȻȨ˵
Ȩ̵ģǻʼҵϡɱ˻ܣǳ˻Ȩһ֪͡ŲǰһðΣմҪϢҲǵɱŲɡȻʼҵδ棿
Щȴ֪ˡ
ʱ߽һССֺűһ·ǰСصŷҵģͷֻһˡػĹһҲ֪ŷҵĴ
Ųҿ϶֪Լܻȥ
ڰ·ϣ߽С


265
СС˵ʵֻһԴһЩĴׯѡ
ţС֣֡ͻȻţ塣
ͱ̻סţ塣֪ǸӵĴڣǺͷǣҲ֪ţطҪһʱ䣬ûбȫˡ
ңҪ˲֪ĴﵽһطţҲõѡſȽɽȻ취С;ᱻ˷֡
ȥһɣŲ߽˽ֱߵһ䷹С
ӣһϰʦһϰõġ
ССݺСϰϣϰȴмɫ
Ķ£ζڲסĺɫȹ¶һ˫޳ѩ׵ȣǰĹ֡
ŴҲûпŮˡ˵һССС򣬱Ҳûм
ǰż¶ŮˣƭԼҲûڵŮӡ
ϰﲢûջ
ƨɺܴغܱЦĺˣۺġ
жڵĲˣ˱Ȳ˸㡣
ߣϰѲ˷ŵϣҲϡ
ƻգκεط㻨ٶǮԲһˡϰһɫĻ͵ߡ
۾Уӽһ仰Ҳû˵ûеκһˣҲûҪκһ־ơ
ϰڵܲһ˭Կó
ȴƫƫûУֻǿǶɫĻ˵ԡ
˵ϰɫ˱䣬üͷ壬漴¶ЦݣΪġ
ͻȻЦˣҲҳԣ⻨ж
ϰԴͻȻһڰǶɫĻԽӣȻּһ䣬ûжԡ
ҡͷȳ˽ҩûС
ϰ۾ȤζĿźһᣬŵ㲻ң
Ǹ˶㡣һȻ㴩ĺ٣ԶԶѹſϣҲʧȥһǡ
ϰɫڳǶһŮ˳衣ͻȻվһַֻǰ˵ĻһԣǰǲĿ˵һֱԸԼѹˣһûС
ǣոսµһſӣ¶鷿ʱһۺɫĹâͻȻǰ漴㿴һŮ
ӣ˫ۡһͷۺɫĳɢ䣬ͷССĽǣԵ˵Ŀɰ
һۺɫȹͬһ˫ۺɫļЬ
Ůųǰͷϰգգ۾ˣĺܲġ
ϰȻȥŮűȫšȷʵǰŮȽϣԼС
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ŮӡŮϣػ
˭أϰ̲סʵ
ŵѽ㶼֪𣿡
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Ȼ㲻ʶңΪʲôҪڲŶʵŻΪϰǾģǹȨԸԼģƶԷôô졣ڲ֪ԭǣԷĲʶԼ
ϰɫһ䣬ܼ򵥣ֻΪ߽ӡ
ֵĿһ䷹ݣԷǺһ顣
ϰСڹٵϣػУκһطȥһطҪ·СС򣬼Ҳһˡ
˼˵һӦõ飿
ϰͷ
ֻһ㣬ﲻֵɡŵ۾𣬡κԭڲ¶Ӧֻһɡ
Ŷϰ￴š
Ǿһһɸ˵ܡ
ϰ˵ͷȷʵһˣ˵ĶԼˡֻǲ֪ûʱ֪̫࣬һ顣
ŵ֪Ҳܺ棬Щʲôñ֪
ϰ۾΢Уû˵ȴͻȻˡһ䣬㵽ǰһֻͻȻ̧ͻȻͣס
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±죬ʱҲˡҪŵʱµһֻѾıϡ
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˵СʱͻȻЦˣŵĸ첲˱ųȥ
һ𣿡ڵϵϰͻȻ˵
ԭûֻǱסѡ
ʡ˵
ô֪жģ
ıݺܲµ˭ỳɵĺòáοַܲרҵǶ仨СʱͼˣҪ¶ҲѶҩŪ飬ñ˿𣿡
Сʱͼϰ󾪣ôܣؼϡĽֻ֮µĽô
ţͷţ֮ӣ
Ŵ󾪣Ǳȸ߽ħ߼Ĵڰ˵ֻڱ֮ۼ֮¾ɲһϵĴ˵֮
ǰʱǿǶ仨ʱ򣬺ԱȷʵиӰֻ̫Сû죬㻹ǲǵã
šæʱһҪȥҪ֮˲ˣҲǳ˾ܴﵽء
˵ĶԻϰһûʱ˹ȥʵû뵽ϡĽǱ˻ǺСʱˡ
ϰϵķ˰۶źһЦ߽˳
ڹȻûϰӰӡ
жܶ࣬طȴСϸһ󣬺ܿ죬ڽ䴦ҵһСĶڡ
ⶴڽһ˳롣۴С״ЩϤ


266
һССķݣһ˶Ҳŵϰ壬һ¶ƯϰһС
źվСǰ
л谵޵ơ
ŵͷϸĿŶڴðŵⶴڳġ
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СʱԼ£ǶһЩֶ˵һЩķϻǶܺһϵûУȲܳԣҲáҪоĳ׵ס
ڣһİĵطһһϵûеСȴ°Ȼ
ŵĺϤҺ
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һ˵ĴСӵĽ䡣ͻȻСˡ
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ҵǸСȥ󣬿һħһڵӰ񵶡һֻܱһħ
أѵҲͨһħ
ŻǵǸħϵıڻħһս󱻻Ƭ
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ѵǵڶ
۾̲סߵ£֪ΪʲôͻȻţɽпǸħǸ񡣡
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ʣöءµҪģǸħô죿أǰѵҲܲöԸ
ˣϴβǶûжǶҲû̫˶֡ҲʱˣҲδظҶǳ֡
ţǾͽȥµͷͬ⡣Сʱ»ʹҲû¹ʲôȻǸŮӣĵʵһҲСǰȥĵ͵ع͵ף޵ĴҪŻࡣ
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ŲԽԽܿ죬˱ǰ
ħ˼Ǹʧٵϰ塣
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ڲͬѸܲԷʵֻĸӦڵԼħ˼Ķ֣ǶԷǰѵֻǳֿȭҲɱԼȻԼѾ˺⾳Ĳʵ
ţһ㶣ʵû뵽￴šΪʲôԼÿҵһħῴţ
ּˡͷЩ˼ЦħŶûʲôԹһǰҲûֹԷѰƬ˼ԷǲħҲûʲôϵ
ôħǺ侲Ҳһ˿ЦݡǰûаſѾ͵ڶƬںϵ͸ŵĳˡ
ֻǺѡҪǸϰҪ¶ɱңҲˡ
ôˣһֱû˵ķϰ役ʵ
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һֱѰħ꣬ʵûȫָ֮ǰʵǲκ֪Ͼħ˺Ƕģֻһġ
Ψһ֪ԼܵȴͬһҲںԼһħˣЩһϵûС
ˣҪôʵ˵һ࣬Ҳ֪ôԸֻԼˡϾֻǸ˶ѡ
˼ȴȤζĿţ⾳Ĳ㣿ȻڽСӵѧȻе˼ѹֵЩν񶼸е˺£ٶȷʵԳΪˡ
Ų˵ֻǾĿħԷɲʲô˾ӣŵȻҪȫ䱸ǰҲҴ⡣
һͬһ㱦ҲûУԼȥħ˼һҲûΪŵ˼˻˻֣˳ȥ߽ɽ֮Сܿʧźµ֮ڡ
Ҫô죿ȥ𣿡ʵ
ȻҪȥˣˣҪءһ˵һ߽ħС
ǰħͬĽṹȴħ˼˵沢ûʲôٻһʱ˹еӣҲûзһõĶϴηħǼУҲûκջпտյһ㶫ûС
ֻħĶαϵ
ǬָлĶΣһμ񵽵ġŰǶյһ
ⶫʲôã̲סʵ
룬Ҳ֪ʲôãܾãħĲϺܲһ㣬ҪܹһѱһǸ߹߽Ĵڡ
ǰһΪʲôھһԣ
ҡҡͷڻԲˣҵڲЩһָоܹڻЩҲ첻һһҪһЩĶ
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Ҳ˵ֻһʦֱˡҲֲϣټһЩҲ֪ʲôӦþһ˰ɡİǹ
˵Щʱ˵ĽŲûͣʱ߽ʱɽ
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ڼڵʱͣƬ̣ЩɻϿһۣ漴˱Ʈ˶ڡ
վڶڵĲԶͻȻܳһҲûио⣬ֻǽĶŵ
ͻȻĲӥ


267 
ŸոմСű㷢ֳжˡ
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񡣡ż򵥵˵
˵ô£»Щף˵ʲôǶԸħ𣿡
ȥԸħŵ˵ʲô˵ʲôûйϵ֮Ǽ£Ǵﵽ⾳ˣȻͲ֪ôˡ
ԺͻȻһ΢ĽŲ졣
һһɫâԺͻȻʧؼ䡣
ʮ˳˵֮ڡ
ɨһۣĸӦЩ˵ʵ
ȫǺ⾳ǿߣߵĺ⾳Ĳ㣬͵ĺ⾳һ㡣
߽Ժ֮ǰЩΧסԼӲȥ
ڲͬȻֻ˶̶ʱѾǸոյǸš̶̵ʱ֮䣬Ѵﵽ˺⾳㡣
Ǻ徳龳Ǻ⾳㶼һһ硣һ֮Ĳࡣ
һ㣬źˣǰĶʮˣѲٷϡ


268
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ڣŵػ˵ӣͬʵ֮㲻Ǿϵҥԡ
Ȩ֪ڵûġһ֮ܶһäĿŷػĴڡΪùܶ෽ƻػԼЩʵ鶼û⵽ĳͷ˻Ȩ֪ڵû
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ڲٴڽָУȻҲϺȾƣҾߡ
ֱ̻µʱһĨĳ漴Ȼ
˭ֱ֪̻ţȴҲûҪΪŵӡԼ䣬20Ĺ۽ǾϸϸβƣôʮŮˡ
ֻҪܿźúõĻţӡⰮЩΡ
ȴûа취ּҵŮ˱Ͳʺа
ּҵŮ˻ʮ
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Ҳѿ̻˼ʲôû˵ûгԱ̻Ĵף²һСŮˣҲûȵܱ̻ʲô˵
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ȥһ仰İ嶨ڸһ䷿
ڶգ˱ɽ￳ľͷػ˰µʱ䣬Ա߸Сݡ
ź¾ﰲȵס

ţػʱȴֵǷꡣ
Ƕŵ찵ãûн󣬾ȫͨػû˲ֻ֪֣ҪߵϣԿŵĻ񣬱ǺͷǶ⡣
ƳǳԼ鷿֮ɫĶ棬ĸˣͰͬɫ
ڣǶŵĳΪŵģǲ֪ģһϢȻȫǱɱȥšԻȨǧҲ塣
ͬһʱ䣬ϹҵļϹٺҲԾ૵ΪʲôϹȻûǧҲδؾ͵ֵסȨı
ϹҰССΨһһҾƹڣһ˾ۼһȾơϹϹԶ꣬ΪúŷһҶ
ÿ˵ľƶȵĺܶ࣬ȴ˵ú١
һپ磬ӦмʮʱŮֻǶûǲ룬ЩŮһСȻ԰ȫȴûɡ
˵ţȻҰѻܶɱˣⲻֻҪʵ
Ϲ˵濴ȨźͻǾеƾʲôȫͨšܵɱŵĸ׾Ͳ𣿡
Ϊһںȸеľƣ˵ڵȥǱѶƴ̽ģػϢǲжҲͰˣôԴţûţЩŮôӵĻ
úһҶȴһ仰Ҳ˵ֻǲͣĺȾơ֪֮ųˣŮֻȥûлصŷҡǸš
ʱ䣬һƵ˻⼸죬ȫΧŵټһ׼ֻҪҵţȥʲôػľӣʲôȨںǶصӺǿΪֵ߲嵶Ѫж
ЩŵȨֻ֪Ҫһ˶ۼߣΪȨֶһüͷ
˭ҲûнУû֮ģҲΪԼѪֻ밲ȵĶϼ꣬ˣɢ
ҸţǸʱͺףߣû˾ʹɽˮ
Դȥԭɼ¹ݣκ۾Ϊһػޣ˵ػ½϶ˣһֻᷢʵӦ롣
ţȷʵһõطֵ÷зȴһϢûСżȲֶ֪ĻҲ֪жΪġͷûعһηǣûҰšǺ֪ˣһŭ
˵ˣҲһ¡űȻڶȥΪôƣȻöûá
ֻΪһС飬˷ͷûˡϾͻ֮һҲû뵽Ȩ˴ġô˵Żһ꣬û⣬֮λ޴仰ĺ塣һ֮ҪԸһˣҲҳһǧɡ
ţһͷһͷܳʮ·̣ȴֻ࣬вһˡ
ģźʶ˴еˡ
Ż֪嶫ͷȪϲ̻̻һҲһʲôҲܸɵĶӡ
ɽħ޲УֵҲУҲСֻк徳ʵ춫ٻصţ壬û֪һ쵽Щʲô
ϴʱڼң֪ˡ
һοŵʱͱ̻һߣбһ˿⡣
ڶοŵʱ򣬱̻ڲԶЦĺһ֡
֪ŵʵܲһǿϢҲûпŵػޡ
ڹ۲˺ܳһʱ֮϶һػ޶ûеͨˡ
ˣһɪĻƻ裬Ȫš


269
ȪŵʱΧûбˡ
һƬУĢ̻ڼЩѧ·ǲҪѧϰģҲ£Ǹ˵Ϊ˶ָͷͽɽħˣ˷ȤÿնǷǽɽɣȥһջ
ŶƬӲԶ֡ȪȻǸġ
ţȪһ仰ǣԺҲӽ̻
۾УЦĿǰˣΪʲô
Ϊϲ̻Ȫشĺܸɴࡣ
ϵЦݵȥɫҲֻ֣Ǳ̻ĸ磬ûбĹϵϲ̻Ųų⡣ȻҪ
ƨǱ̻ĸ硣ȪŭҲ֪ǴĳģסҲܣҲٽӽ̻
ӣôϲ̻˽ӽһ㶼УȻȪĻܲŻûз
Ȫ˵ͷУб˽ӽ̻Ͳϲˡ
¶һЦ⣬֪ܲΪʲôôϲ̻ĲƯȷ̻һҲƯҲúһĻ˵ǽзһ֡ʵ벻ǰϲ̻ԭȻǰžͷȪ̻Щ
ŻϵȪҲЩҲûʲôϲǱ̻졣
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Ȫָĵطأĥ˰Ų׶Է˵ʲô˼һŭĵһȪǰһѾסԷĲӣ
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270 ɽѰ
žֱ̫սУ۾ȪµıڽץһʱǬָеϹħҲ١
ţаʱ䣬ڵѾﵽ˺⾳߲ʵ
緹Ѿã緹˱һϣͷһȥɽ
һǰͷڴɽһֵĵطк߽ܶħޣľ飬Щħһػʲôͷ߽ħػĶһǵ֮
һǰź±޵Ķ飬ÿնɽɱЩ߽ħޣһµʱ䣬ЩħޱһɱѾֻʣʮͷˣƽȫɱ⣬ҲԽħػĵطˡ
ɽһ·ǰͷҲﵽ˺⾳ЩϹħƳɵħǻûдﵽ⾳Ǿˡ
ʱĹ˱һɽȡ滷ɽǰȫǸ߽ħޡһµķսڻֻʣʮֻˡ
ֻսֻޣʣµĶʨ
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һµʱ䣬ŵϻȥС׾Լվڷڡ
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ħҲҪǵȼ൱ླߵĵһġ
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һֱһʱϰ·̣ɽȵм䣬ǰһߵСɽ
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¼״æԡûиź棬ڲ֪Σǰ¾Ŷǰ档
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ȴǳ˼βŵѾǸ߽ħ޵ʵˡˮܹôԵģӦֻһ֡


271 ս
߽ħ޵ֻһ֣ǾǴϹʱģֻǴ˵еϹޡֻҪػеˣûػޣҲ
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ˣȻ֪ź¶Ǻ⾳߲ľ磬Ҳ֪žжǿֱڣʶ˺⾳Ժƻ
ʱںߣƽ֮ϣֻһײ﷽ԲһУؽΪƽأͷһ㶼һ㡣⻹ǱصĹƣײĳܲƻ޷塣
ҵײˮָֻƽžעˮ棬ֻӳһȭ
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һ˿˿ˮڣһ죬׸ߵˮ˳УˮУһӴӰͻȻ
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׳֫޴ͷ­ͷֻɫĳǣɫϸƬ
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ʮķúܵһǿ󣬾֮ǰˮȣ˷׷ȥգۼ˳ʮں˵ͬʱж¶һ˿֮ɫ֪Ҫôι
ھͬʱȫɫĹâԽעţҲžԡ
˫ֽһһˮͬϸСİɫâ˫֮ϣֻǹâҪ֮ǰŨ࣬ǰһͣ׵Ĺײˮ
һĻúŴɴۣû뵽žȻѡӲǸû뵽֮ǰҲûþȫ
ȫ񶼷ϣʱһҲûע⵽սѵԵϷ


272 
ˮײŵɳȥֱӷɵͷߡ
æסţʵû뵽һµô󣬾˳ʮˮеԵжǿʵſǴﵽ˺⾳߲㣬˵ţ壬ػܴﵽ־Ҳж١
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С죬Щ˭Ӳ˰ҪΣô죿ոһ˲䣬±ŻҪš
ЦЦֻһԺĲжոճֵʱҾ֪ûк񾳵ʵϾ֮УܸӦϢ
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ЦЦţҵػޣǰͻһսҲµġ
ʹգգۣǰǣȷʵ£ֻ̻ҲֻʱǵŵػһۺɫëСޣôأң˵Ĺϵһ£ôҲ˺ػ޵Ĺϵ
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죬ֹ
۾˵̻㲻ȥڼǻҿԱ֤һξԲΣգʵڲУǾͻͷԵ⡣ŵȻó̻ĵģñ̻Լǰȥ̻ͬͷãػ޶ûСϹޣһײҲܲסϹ޽ս޷֤̻İȫΣܴϱ̻
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ֳ̻ԥ֮ɫ˰ŵǺðɣһðգȫƽĻ
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273 
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ҡͷҿԵʵģұ֤Բ¡
ȻԲ£һͷ˵ȴޱȼ֮ɫ˭Կ¾Э
ͷû˱µӣ׼˵ı䡣ȻƺӣǾǿѽڹϸһԽֵ龰յ˵ͷȫһֻҪֶԷӰϬһָ
֪ˡЦЦıǰȥ˸ոմӵʱֻСС·ӡҲСʱ·ӣֻʱҲûССػޣԼе¡ѹ֣µʱôˡȻʱûмԼݣǶǼ֣иоġ
һѶһ͸ϸСʱԼûܱ£ҰԼϡָһδͷĻᣬžƵٴηܶԷ˻ޣǹ񣬶ԡ
ûֱߵߣڽӽߵʱնֱӾͷɵ˺֮ϡ
ˮͻȻڣҲ֪ôֻͨҪһ߻Ǻ֮ϣ֪
һˮͻȻ֮ˮ֮ϡ
ûϴŪһ棬˫ֻλӳڿ˼ֵƣһɫγɵСɽͻȻǰ
һ﷽Բľɽ壬Ūһ֣ʮͷĿɿڴ
̲סԹԣʲôʵҪս֮УһȥҲǧ˰ɡ
Ҳ죬Ҫ
˫һӣԺˮΪģСɽȻȥ˲ˮӴ˾޴Сɽǰˮһ谭ҲûУСɽֱɢˮصҽС춯صο֪ﷶΧĺˮ˻ǺХ㣬һ˸߹һԶӶȥ
໣һ޺һʮ׳ˮԾֱе¡Ȼͷˮеİ¼ŭˡ
ҲͷϹޣһֻ߽ħ޵ĻǾ޴Сɽϣʬ嶼ñҸ顣
ԣȴһ鶼ûУֻǱҳһǻŭԾˮ˲䣬ĿͷУһ˺ۡ
ºϴαԼһģž㲻ŭڶԷϳԼʱҲܳƴˡ
΢΢ƽٵǰʳָžңңһָ
зۺɫӰͻȻʧͻȻ֡
ٳʱѵ˾ԵԣһָѵжԷࡣ
ֱԾģҪסϬһָ˵Ҳûв˵ѧһʽź»ûʧֹǶԷʵ߳࣬ϬһָҪ˶Էȴʧ֡
ٷС
ͷõһûоͻȻͣ١ؼһ̣ʤڴһ١˶һ˲䣬ȫʧȥսȻϹ޵ħҪ£ҲҪһʱ䡣һҲûˣܶôʱ䣬㹻ϰٴˡ
ʯǵһսºܹҩɱ˶ԷʮƷʨͷˣΪ໥ϣҶԷ֮УҪһģŻ˵óѡ
ôһأһûʩչɡҲЩʨͷˣϾƷԶԶ޷;ȡ
ȻжϳϹ޻ûк񾳵ʵѾ⾳߲㡣ǿͳ̶Ҳȡ
һָУԺ¶ͻȻͣ١
¶ˣҲûжȻһָãϹûˣȫҲͻȻ͡
һ˲䣬һҫ۵𣬼ϸ̵һ⣬ȴϵհҫۣ
ŵĽ
ȫȴûһ˿ţҲûһâ
еĹâڽ֮Уе̺ڽ֮ϣ
³ʱͷһֱûпģƾճ֡һžײȥҫ۵ϸֱͷ­ֱû
룬ȴûаγֱ֣һ̣㵽ߣһѱסˣ˳ͬʱһֲֻͣӶǰγһһɫĻ
໣Էʹ˻ˮ֮ϣȴûгУˮϲͣԾ
ˮɢ䡣
ˮŲµĹĻžž죬ֻƬ֮䣬ǰĹĻ飬漴ǵڶ
һͷϹ޴ȫе̺ˮ֮УƻʮʹţæȥȻҲܲȫѧŵӣ˱߲عĻ
´ʱҲһϹħƵħ˲ָҲѧŵӲع֡
Ǽκʱ䣬˱˳ʮ￪⡣ģⱲܵһΣȫǳӡԼµĹʵ̫죬ֻҪһ㣬ͻᱻˮϡˮ̺֮ĿֲĺܣǱһմԲϱһʮа˾ʬ޴档
ʮ⣬ڵ˰ȫش
ͣһ亹Ų˲ͷ̫ˣʧȻ㵽дһ˵û뵽ôһ˵һ̲סͷãû£ȻҲûȥ̻ˡ
ʹ۾Ǻˮ۾ˡʱͷõɫܲ԰ףһĹޣһǱŵġˣǼ֮ǰű̻ĵʵϻû̫ϣȻ顣ҪһʼͶҲܵͬʱҪչˡȻ֪ܹӹһ٣ԲԼʵź³Լ͹ˡȻźµʵһʼ˲䣬Ҫ˳ôǱ
ҲĨͷϵ亹öųˣһ治һܵ˵ġ
ȴЦЦԶȻڲֹĺ棬ڣڻϹޡȻһħ޲һ
ŵ˵ͷ˵Ϲ޶к񾳵ʵһͷԿܻû꣬ȻǺް취ˡ
õôоԽԽƣţһܲ᲻˲Ȼøﻹﰡ
ʹԴӦòɣҪôݣתߣǱҶҪˡ
һ˵һ߶źĶʱɫˡ
Ҳ̫ǿˣûҲù˰ɣôڻôͷһҲȸտʼʱ
ȷʱˮȻ׳ɢˮǵûмƣڼǿʱĸ˾Ȼ˳һ
õڱӦǺ񾳵˰ɡ
ЦҡҡͷûҪǺ񾳣ҺҲܵˡ
ˣһʱʱ䣬ˮڰ
ˣ˶һۣȴûҶ
ȥС˵


274 Сľ
ƽ˾ѲǾԵӰӣֻǰĺˮȴ˵ɫǾѪ
վںߣĿǰɫĺˮû
ֱͷҲ߹һź档
ãúǳ̾Ϣһ
ôˣ˵֪ΪΣҲһЩ㯣˵ԭҲǱ˵ոȾ
˵һ˺ܶ꣬һֱô꣬ӦҲû˺˭ھԵһ꣬ǳƬɽ֮УɱħʵΪҪˡ
ţҲ뷨𣿡¿˿ֿ˿òš
ҡͷֻ룬ʲôʱܹ߳ȥڰǿһҽݡ
ʱ䣬ͻȻԴӣС¥еÿһˡɱ˻֮ѾûʲôûµҰģֻһͨˣһֱƴʵֻҪߵÿһˡڣֻ밲迪һҽݣһС¥˿ֵһ
ǰĺĵСŶѲҪֻһ˲뷨˵ж
ƽĺ棬ĺˮһ׵һӾ͵ˣͻȻãԼ¾ԼߣպЦԼĺܺãƽҸçͿ໨һԣ̫֡
ˣк
ֻһҲ֪Ǹ߸ϵĻȨҲûҪŹԼĴ㣬һΣգ١
еҸԶڵţԶԶûб˵ʵ
⣬ȴҪѪսᡣ
ͻȻУһס
¡ͷҲæ£һɫסˣеˮ뿪
ףţбˮ飿þȵ˵ˮ䱦ģԷǰݣҲûŪһöˮ顣
Цŷҵģŷֻһͨˮ·ûбˮ߲ˡ
˱ˮ飬ҲͲںˮǳܿǱףҵʬ塣ŰγͷϲŵϸȡħħϧĵϧͷܴûˣȻϹ޵ĽȻҪ߽ˡ
ĽͲ𣿡˵
룬žʬȥһ׹ûʬ壬źܾûùĲɼ
ŲһϸĶʦ꣬ûϰ졣ܹﵽڶ߽ĴʦȫΪԼĻľ
һӾʬ͸۾ŲɼĽ־Ȼֵָֻһ
ԵĽֻһ㶣ôԼͷеһҲ̸ƻˣֻǲ֪һʲôôܼܲ
˾ԣһ˾ˮźȥûκΣգĸƽĵС
ʱǻƻ
Ȼȴﻨ㡣Ǵﵽ˼㣬ֻվܸоԶӡ
ֻҪһʱ䣬һܴﵽ⾳㡣øп˵ĵطǰþ붼ûһطͲӦóڳ
ǽвֵĻвֵͽҩнҩ߽ҩضǡ
ڵģһССľݣǰ䡣
ľݵǰһεĲݡݳòҲû̫رĵطֻϣȴɢŨеǴɢġ
һڣһ´׵¹£ǳһֱϡ
˶ע⵽һ㣬ŵ۾ɴ󣬡¾
ס죬ȴ̲סɲݣ
ڸ߽ҩ֮ϣ˵һɲݡ֮ǧɳɡɺԶɢְ
ССһݣܹͷħ޾ۼʱ䣬ȫɸ߽ħޡػǧ겻벻һݣܹжЧã
˵пԻˡ׹ǡŵ˲֪Ǽ٣ſԿ϶һǣԼǳɲݣȻܹﵽ񾳽磬ǿĶ֮ͬһ𣬶Ǵ˵е
ֻǣһɲݣΪʲô᳤һľݵǰĵطôһľݣ
е˻ʲôˣסǲǾΪغɲݣ
ǣڲѳɣΪʲôֲժ
ѵˣѵغĹУȥ
ߵľǰȴ˭Ҳûȥ괫˵еɲݡž֣ľݵšĻڣôһѰˡԱܿɽȵħޣ˿ˮеľԣһСݣǻһʲôˣ
ˣˣˡţȴûӦ
ڣͷ˿£ô죿˵š
ȥͷ˵ûˡ
šŵ˵ͷƿڵľţСĵС
¹ղССľݣȴ谵ݶһеһСΡдǽϻһ
һƬһСһľݡ
ľݾľݣվСɾˮԵĺ
ľݵǰһһŮˣǵͣҲòһ裬ԼȴΨһǻ½ǵһ֣ҹ顣
Ϥһ֡
üߵ£ҹ飬ôоôϤ
գգˮ۾ҹӣػػޡ
ŶŻȻҹ飬⻭ػػУĸҹ飿УŮֻһɺϣ
Ų֪Ҳûֻܹ֪֪һ㣬ˡ
ǽϻһţ֪źлʲô
ǵţͷĹâ£ŷּ֣ģϸı˰죬ϳϺȻдš
һªľݣһȳ¾ɵľţȻԸƺֻǸ󻹰ˣȻġ
֮ǰĲ²ȷģľһػסĵطȻӵ˾һǸӡ
Ӧôɣ˵ҪҪȥӣ
šõͷֹûСƹľݣûСƹסеˡһ
ƿţ߽Сݲһ˵ǺСɾСӣȴֳСķ䣬ƿ߽ȴһεȡ
СݣСţ϶֡
һǰдš񽣣ֱȽϴ棬һС֡ϬĽ
õǵͨ죬˿ţ򿪣Ϭʲôӵģ
áŵ˵ͷƿСš


275 ˵
˵Ĵ䡣ֱǾӽ𹭡ǹӰ
ǰħսӽ𹭺ͰǹӰ
żӰħУʱǺ⾳һ㣬вסӰҲǹħ͸תõǹ󣬳ػ̸֮ɫСħŮ
𹭺;ӽȴǲ֪ںη
ڵдؼϬ񽣣ôдŵģ᲻Ǿӽ
СһĿȻȷʵнֻһۣű֪ⲻǾӽֻţͷöó
۹ãҲϲǹ˿϶ԭĲϣζܳΪ񽣡
һľܱϸ
ǰСסȴˣһء
ҿ񽣣ؼϬ񽣣ÿ˿нʣĽľġ
ϵļضϽϸĿ˿ͬ˵ľ
ؼϬĽȻǸľƳɣⲻܲ˵һЦЦ
µľʲôص㣿
룬һľҪһЩ
ҿöܲˬĴ󵶿ǳףϲرһҲϲġһ֮°еĽҲˣƭ˵ġ
ӺСһľûκζ
˳˵ڶǰдšؼ̵ס
ˡñϵһУѾˣ̲ס᲻ľͷһף
ȥ֪ˡƿš
һףȴǷԤϵľͷƳɣǡ
ɳܰòˣ׻ľͷƵףǰ鶼ûˡ
׾Ȼֽɵġǰ˿һᣬױˣһֽм
͵Цؼ̵װ
죬˳ǰ
Ȼ֣ѧؼԵѧ
߽ȥһ飬źͷöˣǰ飬˿棬һƬհףһֶûС
ǼʮҳֽһֶûС
Եѧ飿
ͻȻ˵Щϵصģˮ߻һЩĶֳ
Կһֻ֣ĳһŻ档һְֻڻ֮ϣֻֽһơڣûֳּ֮ǰðһɺ̣Ȼһ¾յĸɸɾ
ѽѧûˡ¾һ
ʲôѧĶƭ˵ġƲƲ죬˳ȥ
ȴ˼ĬƬ̺µǲǵڵص֮ʱħ˵Ļ
µ˵ͷħʱ˵ѧ۷壬ʽ
ⱾһֶûУǲҲ˼˵
ͷ룬ؼ̵أ
׾Ƿؼõķμ̣Ƕй
Ǳأ˼ǲ˵ؼϬĽǷ᣿
ܿ졣ķܹˡĽľƵģֽģѧֵġһ˵
а˵Цǲǿ⣬һ⾳Ը徳ģûνʵһа
еŵ˵ͷ
ҿ˸ۣô˭ߵľ簡ô
߳˵۵Ĳȴòû뿪ľݣվĴǰ
ãôˣ̲סʵԷõԸ񣬼ʲôûУǲӦĲŶԡ
ǿⴲ˵
æǰһźͨĴľƵģľеĶľġ
ֻǴҲ֡
׽ϴ衪ǡǡ徳龳⾳񾳡ػʹػػ
ʲô˶ס
ǰĿܼ򵥣ӵػĽȹ̣һֱ񾳣˶ܿǺ棬ȴ֪ˣû
񾳲߾𣿺ʲô̲ס˵
񾳲߾硣۾𣬡˵лػ񡣡ǵģػػػߵĴڡ
ػ񣿡סػǿ𣿡
ػôֵģû֪ԭϵĴ˵кܶࡣҹӵĴ˵Ҳػ½ػĴ˵
סػһжػģôͿԿ϶ػǿġ񾳲߾磬滹ػʹػػ񡣡ŵƽа˷ţػסĵطǽҹӵ⻭վ硣
ֻǺ֮ػʹʲôľ磿ϣûһ㣿
˭Ҳ𰸡
ֻһ߳ľݡ
ɲô죿Ǵ̫Ҳʵó
ˡŻشĸɴ࣬ɲݻɣֻһɵӡ
ϸĹ۲εɲݣѰ˼ҪôϾⲻһݣһжҪء
һ¡ͻȻסţţ˵᲻ʧ
ŵ˵ͷһᡣ
ǾǲǸһЩ˵ɲݣֻܰһˣ˶档
ҡҡͷС
ΪʲôɻĿšŲһ˽ˣԲŰɲݾΪС벻˵ԭ
ſõŨԺһܶˣǸܰ
ôأôƧҲ֪˶꣬ӦһֱҲûб˷ֲŶԣȻôܱ
ҡͷСһֱɽУŷ쳣ֻ˵һ㣬ݸոճɣǰûŨ
ǹȿڵЩħ޶ɸ߽ħޣǶʱܹɵģ棬һкܳʱˡЩŵ
ЦЦǰǳ棬ﵽĳ̶ȣֻҪ˽ӽⷽԲ֮ڣһᷢûиоѾǸʱҪŨࣿ
ϸһ£ȷʵͽľôһʱ䣬ΧŨࡣ
ǾͿɡڸı⡣
ȴҡҡͷУҸոշ֣ûȫɡ
ţô֪˶ϸĹ۲ǰСݡ
ָСݵĶ˵ǿһССĻ٣ڻûпţҹƵȵ֮ʱɲݳ֮ʱ
ϸСݿȥȻǲݼ֮һССͻһǶ䣬ֻ̫Сע⣬Էֲˡ
֪ʲôʱܿأ˵
һ仰֮䣬ȴǻһЩ
¹ͷȫССͻ֮ϡ


276
Ȫܹ´·ˣֻЩȳҲ͵ʱûҲһ漣ҪĴкܶԵģˮҲڴߡ
뿪ÿÿҹڵ¡ʲôʱ򲻸Լ
ܹ´Ȫһ̶Ҷһȳһյ߳˷䡣ڴе·ϣ˱̻̻˸кȪôˣóʱûп㣬Ϊ㲻ڴء
ñ̻ĻȪûˡаôˣΪ㣿Ҫ˵ϲԭҲᱩˡȻ⻰ȪڴҲ˵ֻǵûʲôСˤһ¡
ȻҲ̻һһյˡ
̻ҲûϣȪǻûйϵںܵź͸ǣһˣûл
Ȫ˺üʱǣϲûд̫ǮҲûǮڵ״ԼǸ⡣Ȫѹ˲ЩˣֻҪ뿪ţ壬ȥﶼԣǶڴϣҲڼĵĻš
ǴûʲôͬȪǵһһжϤ
ΨһĲͬÿһֵǽϣһŸʾȪʾĵһ۾סˡ
һͨʾʾϵĻǸȪµķӡȪӡ̣һӶˡ
ϸĿ˰죬ȪȷԼûпֳһ˿֮ɫȪңҾ
תȪһһ˳
ǰʿסȪȥ·ǳҪұĵطȥһʿб۾˵
ҪȪ㶣ȻԼûʲôǮҲûдﵽҪĵزɡȪû͵ٵ飬һӻûҪԼڵӣҲҪԶӡ
˾ٱģ֪ʾͨסȪ˶侲˵
ʿԴ󾪣æȥƬ֮䣬Ȫ˽ȥߵУˣȪûֱ˵סţУǵˣС˾ǱŴ˵֮󣬻ܹ֤С˰ȫ
ͷȻԺסУ˭˺һ˿һڣ̸˵䡣ܼ֪ȫͨţȻʶˣ֪ػ飬ץסšԼܹ֪˶Է٣ǴһпܱǡһҲǷսһıȻͷǳءΪԼܹס˵Ĺ뿪õĳ·
ˣ֪ŵ䡣ȪǸҲ˵һ̳
ȻȪҲ᲻˵ȻҲ
ʱͻȻܼĹͨȫʿϵĹ
ͻȻСӿʿſҼףֱֳС
аմûļƣеСĶſˣڽϵæܻؼСеȫͣҵ
ôôˣ˱ܱߺ
ǲˣ˿˵
ӦǰɣȻʿôͻȻϡ΢侲˷
һӺȫڳǰȺǨҲ֪ͬʲô飬󲿷ֵʿҲڲ룬ǲս
վڳǽϣжʿһɢɫâʯͷܹʯÿһһʯͷǵĹӡһȱ١Ȼڼǰν
ɤӣҲЩĵ˷ͨŵ䣬ȫٱһȥΧţһҲûСţǰȫʿȥԸһˡ
⻰µľʦȴüͷһ壬æϸǽߣ󺰵²ѽ
ţΪʲôɣһ㶣û뵽ԼʦүῪڷԡ
ʦǰˣѵ˰ǰǶʮ⾳ǿ߶ûסţֻɹɱʮˣ˵ʣµҲˣ²мʵɲ⣬ôץõ
üͷһ壺ѲɻвסһŲɣ
ʦ˼ʿܹסţҪߣ˭ס˵Ǳཫ㣬ﵽ⾳ģмˣ
üͷøֳԥ֮ɫոȷʵ̫嶯ûЩֻץסűǴһʱȷʵס
˵ӦΣ
ʦҪǣùǰֻ𵽸á
˼ãյ˵ͷã˵ǰǡ


277 ¹
ƣ¡
ҹȴڡ
ֱ̻վСǰֵĿŴû
ҹʮ壬ʮʮ±ʮԲ
Ǳ̻վ⣬ȴһ¹ҲûУţ壬ǣػһ¹ҲûС
е¹ⶼ۳һڴɽһط𾪣û֪ô£С֮ϵźˡֻ֪Ϊҫ۵¹⣬ǰεɲ֮ϡ
ݶ˵ССһ򿪡ʢš
ؼһŨ㣬ͻ֮ɢ
ؼһ˲䣬ӿɽ
ţı̻ܵΧŨһ¹⣬ֳ֮ɫ
еȪܵһһյߵϣһ¹⣬¶һ֮ɫ
ɽкܶ˶ܵǿң¹⣬ӰӶȥ
ţδӰ¹⣬¶ͿҲȥ׷ʲô顣ŵرԺͻأĳ֣þòȥֻգȴûһ˶ǶиҪҪ
ʢݳɣ
ּΧֻһʱ䣬ɲݲ£Ǭָ֮С
¹ɢȥɢȥֻ˲Ϣ֮䣬һб㶼ָɽмӵӰͣסɻĿǰ
̻Σ߽Сݡ
Ȫҡҡͷֹ߻ס
ţǱӰأԲ
Сϣ˿û뵽Ȼ˰µʱ䣬̻ڼһżˣǿȥɡ
šӦնţķȥ
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ȥŷңֻҪŷ˵ҪŵļˣҪŵĺܾͿˡҺʽԡ
ʤ֮˵ͷҿȥľ𣿷ҪűϾ·ɣܹɱѪɷʿ˾Բһˡ
ģѾսĺۼΪ˻񹭡ӦҲּ֪ҵˣֻһλ𹭡ڵţʲôΣա
ʤ֮ҡҡͷȴû˵ʲôˮ˵Ӱһʧ


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Ҳƫһżʵ۶ѡôܶùػأ
ŲԼĴ磬ԬͺҲôΪ
ȥǡͻȻ˵Ϲ޵ħɵĽ磬ȨҪҲȻһ׵顣
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ŵĳʱ̣ҲֻȥΪԲŷһԥƴҲñ֤ŵ˵İȫңȥŵҲи
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ϾϹҾĴ֮ףػ˵ҲһССҶѡ
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281 ˶
ǾԴ·;ңԶҪƽܹȨ֣ӦǺѵһ顣
ڻȨӦû֪ģ֪ŷҵˮ·Ǳܿ·˼С·Ӧòᱻ֡
˵̴ӻͳһŵͼǰǵĳػĵͼЯŲɸ̾һ˵ǿҲԶԶ
ѵͼڵϣóһ֧ʣһߣߣԱܿ·еĳ;ֻҪׯܹȨûпܡֻ·ɽ·߲˵˺ܶ·ҲҪһµʱˡ
ûϵԬ˵
˵ԭҪΪԬͿ໨ĸŮˣǶͨˣ衢໨ػ޶ûУԬȻܣȴǴޣػ޺壬Ҳûʲôɽ·˵Ǻѵ飬뻹ƽ·ס
ڣȴֻһ취Ԭֻ˵ûϵ
ҲߵġҲ˵ΪԼ˱ˡԼУֻҪһǣԼ
߰ɡ˷׷ױ̬ѶñǰȥſͼȻǰˡʱŻǵãһԼ·ȴ෴ķ򣬺һȺŮӸԼװһҹ
һ·ҹޣҵҵת۱ǰµʱȥ
ûбκ˷ֻ֣Ǽûػ޵ߵĺࡣ룬ֻŶĥݣƺѪЬѾȫѪȾ졣֪һ㣬µʱ䣬һЬҲûѹҲû˵һ࣬±ΪԼġֻţϻҪ¶Цݡ
űű̻ǣ룬ǣš
һ·֮ɽ֣ܶʱһЩʹׯڲԶĵطΪ˲˷֣һ·һ˶ûжڵȻֱӾͿԱˡǰСٻ˶ŷˡֻ£ǲôֻƾ·
ĸŮӶû˵һ࣬ȴۡôǿôװ⣬Żܹǵʹࡣ
ż²ȵһʯӣüͷ޷Ƶ̲סĲЩ޷εġ
ΪԼܿ࣬ΪԼܿ࣬Ϳ໨ҲΪԼܿࡣ
һδ򿪵ͼϸĿΧĵƣǰ30Ҫһׯˡ
ŵ˵ͷͻȻ˵ׯŪһǲɽ·ˡ
ôУԬ෴ԵΣյġԬ಻ڵԼΪŵġԬ磬ȫš
ǲȥˡ˵裬֪ǿţ룬п໨Ӳšڻͼ죬벻С
УҲۡ˵
̾Ϣһѻеı̻ߣ룬ЬӣҿĽš
һҽû£ÿˡ
ҿû£Ǿͼߡ
ֻŽĲһأ˵ţû£ţ㲻ҪΪҵġ
ҡͷһʯϣȥЬӡǣȴûЬѾͽճһ̲סһ
ĺӻ䣬ſó۵ġ
룬һ̡ϼһֻЬӡ
ЬȫѪ̵ĺɫѪʵĺɫѪ
ĽҲȫѪѪУк̣֪ܶʲôʱȥģһֱ˵ŵġ
סͣû뵽ĽŻ˳Ҫ֮£ܹôԶ·ǿЬӣ˵Լû£ţţ뻹ܼȥܡ
Ϊȥŵ׵Ĵ̣ΪȥǾޱĴСģϸÿһΪѪɫǾޱĴ̣ŶСģһ֡
Ľŵ׼ãкܶط˻ɫŧˮ
Ԭ̾ϢɵӣΪʲô˵ٻܣ˫ŴݣһȬ
һֻ֣ٻһˮϴɾ˫ţϴɾЬӡ
ȼһѻ𣬰Ьһ㿾ɣ봩ϡ
˴ӣŪһ˵Щʡ
ںˣˡҪæ˵
С
ţұ֤Ժˣƻ𣿲ҪΪ˴Һòãſǻ˵
ҡͷҲˣһ˶С
裬ȰȰŰԼ˵ãæԬ
Ԭ಻˵̡Ьӣһ˾ƣʹⲻ˵ġ
ԬվŵǺ裬˵ǻ߰ɣҪôվ࣬ܳԡ
۾ǰҲҿĽš
ҡͷҵĽû¡
ͻȻܵǰں£ɷ˵ȥЬӣĽţȻ뵽Լ衣ǶͨˣĽѾĽŻһ¶û
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ԬĽţ໨Ľأ
ŪζҪһ˵Ĳţ¡
Ԭͺ趼û˵ǺºŵƢһľǿ
ǿ֪Ǻ»ǻ£ȴ˸ж
ʮ·Ĭ߹һׯǰ
ⲻһСׯҲţݶúԶ
ׯķԲסҲܼĹģѾһСֻǽֵûо¥ݲֻ̣һׯ
ͷһ죬ΣݴׯĴͷһôˡ
󲮣˭ߵһǰֱʵ
ţʲôɻĿźˡ
ŵǴӴ󺵣գһѵˣ뵽һ˼Ҹ
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뵽ˣ˱ˣȰ㻹ǱȥɣҲùġ
ЦЦȥҲδغңҲֻȥԣ˼һǰɡ
ʱһһ˵ΨһһС¥ȥ԰ɡ
ŵͷתߣлҲû˵ֻҵһҵƥ
Ǯ˼һȱ
ŵԶתС˵ҪǣҪŴ󻧼ңǻк³𣿡
ƲƲ죬ûк³ʲô¶Ҫǵʱı۸ˣеֿ
ˣݴׯˣû̫
϶˶ࡣ


282 
С¥ܴׯԺĴţǰһʯʨǲʣֻҪܿһǮ˼ҡ
ǰţŴ򿪣߳һҶɻĿһۣ˭
Ҷţύһѣҵ飬ڰͽ̰ûʶģʲôˣ֪˵ʲôĻ֪ЩҪͨЩ˿ֱӷС磬ʹһ΢ˣҪɺݹҲҪһͷԣһһֺõİͽᡣ
ȴҲûпšǿҲŵݡ
ֻǵЩŮˣб˼֣ƾŶľ飬Լһ׿˷ܹڶŮŵˣһһͨˡ
Ҫһ˵
һ㶣ٴֵĿһۣߴطˣŴ󻧵סǳС
ŵԽȥͨһҳһٿֻһ
סһٿǶŴǮ˵ҲԲһСĿ۶˭һٿ񶼲١
Եһ£ͽȥͨתܣȻ֪ҪԣԷ˵ĶģôԼĹ;ԲС˵ܹõһܻܿԼһһŸ棬ǮĹ
һ㶼ҵ飬Ųһ㶼
ˣŲ˼ӵʱ䣬һʮҵĴ˳
ˣ˶Ŵ󻧡˵Ҫ
ŵͷֱӾʹǬָͳһ񣬵һҸһ񡣡
Ŵ¶֮ɫ飬û˵Ҫſ˵ֵʲôҲҪʣҪͬ⣬ھȥһֽǮһֽ
Ŵ󻧵ͷɵӲŻ᲻ͬ⣬ߣҴȥ
˵⣬ŶŴ߽ǣʮƥ
Ǻƥѩǵõڼðŷңι˺ܳʱİѩǺѵõı
ҪƥͻȻһ춯㿴ʮӲԶƬ֮㵽
Ŵ󻧺վȺ֮УЦȻһٿҪһļǮѾ㹻ϲֻЩɡŴ󻧴Цһ˾ӣĺ£Ȼ״
۾𣬡еǮ
󻧵ĵͷֻ㣬ЩҲ£еɱ⣬ŮѾߡ
ҲЦŪ˳û𣿡
Ц㵱Ŵɵ𣿡Ŵ󻧵ɴ˫ۣʮ⣬Էģˣһ߲ˡ
ŶŻȻԭ㶼Ѿ׼ˣǲǻûҵʱѾʼ׼ˣ
Ŵ󻧵ĵ˵ͷȻҲ֪Ǵģ֪ԲǸˡȻû˸Ŵ󻧼ǰ˵ԼǮ˸˵һٿһҲҪԭǵȻΪһΪЩˡܴŪһǧ˵Ĺ;Ѿܴˡٶְ࣬Ŀܡ
ĿһϣûľǴģ
Ŵ󻧴Ҳûз󡣡
̾Ϣһʱ䣬ɳȥˣǲӦðҵͬˣ
Ŵ룬ˣ಻һӣܿˡ
ŶŵͷˣѾˡܻʧķʽЩһ
ţŴֵĿһۣûа㺦µӣֵľޱ򶨡
תͷͼЩŮһȷʵ˵ǽӺԼĲͬЩ˲ǱץģԼ߽Ŵûп֮ǰɳȥʮҶ
ǰ棬ű磬ǾȻҶ
ŵأ
Щ˼һЩͰұֻҪѵһµģһҲ򣬺ˣһŵҲûаɡ
ˣӣʬأ
ͷ룬ûˣҲ֪ô£ЩͻȻ𣬰ʬ嶼ûˡǻ񻹺ӣͷûʣһ
źһһͣһԵŴɫȴѾˣ֪˵ǲģֻ֪ȷʵԼ߽ġֻһ㣬֤ܶණˡ
תͷŴ󻧣ֻѡȲˣҲٸһͭ壬ֺοҪִ󲻿ɣ
Ŵû˵ֻаԼɳȥʮˣǽ׶Σûдﵽ徳ĶʮˣȴǺ徳ϵʵ˻ﵽ˺徳㡣ʧܣЩһﵽ˺徳ġһ徳Ҫô̵ʱʮǾĺҲЩܡţܿЩ߸ﵽ˺徳
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οǰЩİˣдﵽ龳ĴڣûǮԼҵ
뵽ЩŴ¶Цݣ־򶨵һӣɱǡ
ҿһŭСħŮѾܳʱûп˸Լǰôˡ
СħŮȻһˣ뵱ػ޶ûе£ɱѪİȻʱƴܣʱҲһĺӡ
ڵһֱϵİɱˣɱ¾֮ƽû˸ǰҲźͺǰŻ˹ɡ
һʶŴ󻧾ȻԼǰָֻţǻ˵á
ˣûȶʮ˶Ⱥ֮С
һɫĻȼգŴֻǿȺתһȦǶʮ˱˶ʮŻ棬Ȼһգۣʧʮﵽ徳Ҳʧ
ѵǰŴ󻧵Ҫɱǣ
Ŵǳ˳飬˵ȴԼѷ˫ȲҲվȣһӹڵ£ֱڣĸо£ǰͦƯŮӣͲˣħŴֻһ뷨
۾ͻȻһֻصŴͷϣһŻŴʧԭء
˵ۣ顣ǲɻ
ȥɱеˡתҪˡ
ԬͻȻ
裡תͷԬҪй¶ȥǾͺˡ
ԬǶ޹İοոʱ򣬺ܿҲ˿ˣܲܰӵ˶ɱɡ
ɱ⣬⣬ӡ˵
û˵һҲûֹ˼
Ԭͺǰһסһֻ첲ң
ǻ̫ɱ¾磬̫ʺԬͺ衣


283 
Ԭͺһ𷢻ʱˣεĿţ磬ô죿
ͷǰô죿
ʲôô죬ھߡԬ˵
Ŷáæ߽ǣƥѩǣѡƥȥ׳һĴϣһ˶ǰʻ˻ʻׯһ·ϡ
ǺǺóȻʮˣٶȴǼ졣ֻյʱ䣬߳˶·̡
еȴһֱĵʵ̲סţеĳͨĻ㲻ʺϸϳƼ¶
ţϳͻȻ˵
ԬҡҡͷУһŮӸϳ˻ɣҲǷǣçɡ
Ŷõġçͷ滻šçΪⱾӦ顣
ÿŵͼһ·϶ָ·ߡ
ǰʮһС򣬽в򣬵ҪСһ㡣Ȼ֪ȫضͨŵĻ񣬵ǳϵ˻ǲ֪ʲô̶ȣԻȨԲŵ׷ȻҲʤ֮ȥŷҡ
ҲȨҪԸŵļˣֻɴѣϾҪһ˶ƾ⾳˲ľ磬ﶼ棬ȨҪҵһ׵飬ԬһͲͬˣҪ˵ǲܵ顣նĻ£ػ޶ûеŮӱȻ治ˡ
򣬲̫󣬵ҲСҪȸոճǸҪһЩСֵڹᴩСֵϣȻʮʿǰһͣ·м䣬Щʿļ顣
ç۾󣬵һСôʿ̲ĳҪҪȥ
ŵȥǳģʹȥ
ϣçһӳϣʹ˻һӿٶǰȥ
治һó򡣡ç뿪ŷȻΣأȴࡣŷҵÿһ죬еʤ֮ȥ֮ΪԬˣˣһӶ
ڳ⣬ǾٴΣգҲ¡Ҳûк֡
ǼʿǰʱǰѾˡһʿǰסçĳе˵ͣ顣
ʲôçʵ
ⲻӦ֪ġʿޱ˵
һʿǰҿס濴һۣ漴סʿǰĶС˵ʲô
ʿɫ˱䣬Ҳǰҿ˿
çеĳޣֻʿ˵䲻˳ĻҪһӳȥçţԼڵʵһȥǼʿԿȫ
ʿֻǿһۣ˳˻֣ɫƽ˵ǿˡ
ˣçȻһ£Ȼ̲סʵǵǼʲôİ
å̲ס˼Ҽʲôƨ£ߵˡʱǼʿǰǰç³úɡ
ŶҲǡçͷһӳͷ֮ϣǰʻȥ
泵һ϶úרעŴžԽԽԶļʿ
ȴǸͷסʿӻͳһȼһգ貵̻
ǱˡһǾǼŵģոһǷˣȴû˵̻Ѷ
ƻçһĭǸô죿
۾𣬡ʲôùܣǰߡ
ţػܶӣȨӦò֪ԼҲѸֶڸŷҲǺܽյϢǰҲδؾܹסԼ
ϵݣԼº⾳˲㣬ãçǺ⾳ϵʵ˭˵¾µġ
ǰʻһֱ۲ųķͻȻ֣ӰڰС
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ǷģҲﵽ˺⾳ľˡ
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һһֱߣһֱǣ֡뿴ϰǣ˵֣Ļֱֻ˳ȥæȥȴѲߡ
֪Ѿȥˣæţ᲻Σգ
ҲһҲû뵽˵ȥͳȥˣֹôʱ䣬Ȼ֪ȴҲûпʵҲ֪᲻Σա뷢ʣæȥ
ǰϳçͻȻˣ˶ѣԲΣա˵⾳ģҲǰռˡ
˽ʵˣɾçˡȻç˽⣬һδǿ£ç벻Сֻ֪ǸǹҲֻ֪ĺ⾳㣬κ˶һѧ⾳㣬߲ľ硣
ŻԥһԷǺ⾳ô죿ϾԷе˲һǺ⾳㡣⾳ֻܹе;硣
УһǵȥҪᡣ
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ţæʵ˲Ķ𣿡
õֹǶ֣Ǹ޷ΪĶ֡˶Ѿˡ
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ͬľ磬һֻգ֮ȫ𡣱˵ŶԼܲһ㡣ﵽ⾳˲սδܹɡ
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ݲκС
ƶѻصУֱʹӵ̫ˡ
˶ڿ˭Ҳû˵ֱ˺þãϳçŵˡ
å˵˭ˣ۾ɵϴ󣬶ݺݵĵç
çʱð亹˵⼸ƥǵȻ
åҪ㵥Ȼçе˼˵ƥߣҪ޷ǲǣ㣬ҪҲֹġ
çһ鶯֪ˡ
໨һ͵Ц
ç硣ͻȻһЦСоЩддΣ
ç亹࣬ʪ͸㿴ڲУڸϳûʱ䰡
Ҳһʱȵ˰дҲ١
˰ʱ䣬ͻȻ˵ˡ
ˣʵ
õֻһ
һ㣬֪ԼУȴֻһ׷
ǲֻһܣԷžԵĿսʤ⾳˲Լ
ȥŻڳ˼֮ʱһδӳڴ
ɣһͻȻȵ
ʱѵ˰˵ǰ


284 ڵʱ
Ѿ˳ȥæҲᣬæǰȴһȭϡ
ţĶ֣һ㶣һ˵׷ȻžǿʵΪ̵ġ
ڣǸ˴򲻹ǹûó
ѵʵ̫ǿ
ͣ㿴ʲôˡ
Ƭ֮䣬˵ҲʮȭѪ
ΪսʱͻȻɳͬʱһţҪٿһͼݺˡ
ţôôϤƬ̣æɱҺʶ
Ŷ֪ˡͣס
ȴֱӴӿ£ͷ½ųϣһͷ棬ѵضҳһӡͷȫУȳ
һãæǰܲ˴аγϸˣȴ˵ѱ࣬ȫģ
˭ֻʵ
˱һٱᣬֵŵûлԣɼǿֻǴʱŷʣ촽ȴ
䵽ԣƵ˵˵ΪǸѡ
Ϊ㶣ߵ˵Ǹ㻹
ƲƲ죬ô֪˵Ǽ٣Ϊ仰ҲûɱȻﻹܻšֻƷץϵġ
ͬĿŶ߶µΪϵʵǲ˼ˣҪֻܹʦֱǵСħŮˡ
磬˵˼СħŮ
úúãҲ˵һΪ׷һֱûֹͣ복æ裬гҵѡ
¿˿˯ž̲סʵ˭ŵѻû²ʶģӴӵз´Ҳû뿪ţ¶ʶֻǴʱʵ޷Ͽ˭ˣ˭ʱ޷Ϊӡ
ԬæٻܣݴΪϡ
һףֳΪ
͵ЦôŪ⸶ˣ
Ϊһ°ͱȡЦƶˡƶģ뵽ͱҪ֪˽Ҳˡ
ΪеƼֱ޷˵ε̻֣ϹȥǼʿ˵ŵ֡һֱΪҲڵŵİȫʱ֣ȻҪ̽ףʿס̱ƹŵ֪˷顣ֿ֪̻Ȼ׷Ϊ㼱æϧûпţһٱᡣ
ҪǡΪЩ˼ҲԼЩˣЩֵôˣôܰأΪֱ˵òˡ
çȴ̲ס죬˼ҿǺ⾳ʵػҲǿˣȻſھ˵˼Ҳˡ
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ĻΪûˡԼûô˰ɣոձӣ˼һʸô˵ǳ˳飬ΪֻܷŹ⣬ȻЩˣбİ취԰Ƕ˵׷ɱ
ź¶Ϊİ취ЦΪܰ˱˵ˣȥ֮У˵ûΪǲܵһ顣ΪĻױôʱ䣬ûһ˷ǼٰģϵζΪΪڣҪػʿ׷˵׾ٵ顣
֪Ϊı£ɻĵа취ʲô취
ΪЦЦ֪һС䣬ҵİ취ܼ򵥣κ˶ϲǡ

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ϳçȻҪȥˣǻʲôµˡ
û뵽Ϊ㱾¡һͭһ߿žԼգһ˵ϧôˡ
ǻΪ㡣ӵദҲϤˣ̲סҪΪǸӣڿͺ£ŵôŸǵġ
ӣȴû˵ʲô𵱳һʱΪѹϹĶϵӣҪˣβҲⲻ˰ᡣ
ǻ˭һ𶼴ˣȴԹѡȻˣΣգŰ˾Բ١žһϹҲԲ֮
ǣػʮ֮һģһСɱȡ
߸ߵĳǽʮ׿ĳšǰȴ˳ļų
ϰʿվڳŴļ飬һҲ
Ǽĺܿ죬ĳֻƿһۣͣáֻżгϸһźòƵˡ˵нٶȻ
˲ʱʱ䣬ŵĳ㵽˳ǰʿҲ˵˿ϳç˿ڵˣȻһӣߣ
ǰȥǡ
ֱ߳ԶСôףǻ᲻ں̻ˣȻûп̻Ҳ֪̻ʲôӵġ֮ǰͨ˵̸֪Ǳ¶ΪСеʿ̻Եʡ
Ц㣬Ȼˣ㲻֪ڵһʮϸˣŸҲһͷˣϵóŹ֡ҪۿҲϲء
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çŵȴףΪոջ֮ʱģȷʵһʮŮֻΪ뿪ģһ仯ֱڴﵽ˼¡
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Уǻƻʱ֣ͻȻ˵ǲӦҼջúϢһ
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ȷʵ˽࣬˻صӪʣɳǧʿȥջذµʬ壬漴дһţɳױǡݺͰ˵ͬ˵ǳصı޷°ǡԼᵽȫ˱̸ǽ֮Ͼ˫ػʿлкܶػľıشĻػ⣬˻ǵǿ󣬻ǽļ̡ԴûȨ˼С
ͽǣȨеʱ򣬻ȨɫúܲÿǶԻϵ裬һȫͨźһ췴ĳԼԷ̸У˳Ц
˻Ȩڿź󣬾´һðǸǵĳǡ
һ𾪡ܶ󳼶Ȱ˵ȨȴȥһУҪɱ˰ŲɡŵˣŹ
ܿ촫УλȻҷ̴žǰǡ


290 ŵʵ
ڰǵһս۴ʱ򣬳˻ȨбҲ֪ⳡս
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ǳս۴ͬʱҲʼԼ˵ʵȻڷԲǧķΧڣʵֻһկ⻹崦ɽկЩկĲ¡Ͼôĵطֻկչ˲֪ЩڵʱֻĴƽң
ˣʱ򣬶һʮ
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ͷͻȻ¶ЦݡͻȻ𵱳½ƼҵʱһУǰϷһѼʱǶΪԼƼұû뵽ǵ˲ǲһ½šǸʱжŵĸм޷˵ʮȥţȻҲ쾭塣
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֪ˣϹĴӦȻûм̳и׵ѧѾ̳˸׵ѪѪҺУѾǵġ

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Щʱ䣬æӿŲųǽȥ


292 ͻϮʧ
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293
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磡ͻȻֵˣˮͻȻ˳۽ٴʵǿҲֻһʮĺӣʵһֱ£ѹܴԼزסС¥زסǱԼҪҪС¥еÿһˡ
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ʱг˺ޣû֮ǰһҲû뵽ȨṥǡϾػĳǳأеİػİաû뵽һ㣬ŲŻȥǡ
û뵽ô̶̵ʱ䣬ĿȫǣڳſڵİգҲ˰ɡ
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׳ľ޸Ϊ̻̻С¥УڰڣȻܵкçֲ˶೤ʱˣ־жǿ˶ֹ˶ˡ
۾ɵúܴ۽ǶѱѣѪʱĴ۽һεѪᡣ
ڴʱçҪ֮ʱһɫСɽͻȻǰͻȻһǧ׵ĿյأǰʿͻȻʧȻçͿһĨۺɫǰ
ʹ˲ѱѪģ˵˫ۣڿǰķۺɫ¡
תͷçһۣçҲڿһЦͬʱȥ֪Լˡ
̾ϢһӣһɫĹâס˵壬ֱӰУʱճçߣ˾ųȥЩһֱվ˵ûçȥǻڵһʱסš
ź·ֱçսȴڼ⻹ʿ


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սڼǵʿֻʣȫڳǽϺͶԷƴ˵ʿȻ˸࣬ڣʣ½ӽʮˡ
еİղӿţԬ಻֪ʲôʱվڳģܲͣ³һһδİʿͰաЩ˵һȬԼոսĵطȥǲܲȥǵˣǵĸĸֵܽá
ȫԱ
վԬԵģǰеĴҽеҩﶼ޳˵ˣʱҵҲϧ
һپ٣һ衣
ڵΣǻռһϷ磬ź¸˻Ҳ޷ıʵ̫ˣʹ¶ﵽ˺⾳˲ľ磬ɱʮʱŵʿѾˣ󲿷˶ϳźͱš
֪Է뷨Ҳеİ̫֪࣬žܹ£ɱǵİաҲΪǶػˣɱвη壬ɱͨİգ²ȥ֣˭Ӧ²ȥֵġ˭иĸˡ
յսҲڼ˫ƾУȴˡ
ۿͽս⾳ʿͬھ
佫սȡ˵λҲѽƣߣ˺ۣȻǶֵһҲǺá
񻹺ͺڻһϹٺɶս
ϹٺۿԼĵһȥȻֻʣϹĺϹԶֵܡܹΪ˶Ĭϣһһأ޷졣
ʱаǷˣʵֻʣ°λϹٺϹϹԶֵܡ
ۿһյ棬ԼȴһæҲﲻϣһҲ벻š
Զĵ棬ͻȻĳȻ˳ڰ⡣
ǰǧ龳ˣϹٺһϹҵĵӣڸϵˡ
Ϲٺֵǣǧ˵ĺ棬ʿſҼףڡ
Ϲٺ翴Щж٣ֻܿЩʿǰģһһ׿׵ˣ಻ʮ꣬ɢһɱϹٺ粢ʶˣȴͻȻһɣȻ֪˴ʿж٣Ϲٺ֪ĿȻڹǵʿ١ǺԼĵһģȻǻȨԮڰǴʱ״ǻȻҲ·͵ġô𰸺ԣţǵġ
Ϲٺ粻ʶǸһ׵Ľ죬ʶǸˣӿһů⡣
Ĵ
ŻļʮˣŷһҶãӱǶˡ
ŷΨһĳڣǾԴԶһǺһ顣
ǿһյսҪȥսȻ֪սʤжҪǵڳǰʱҪɳʱֹסţ㣡쳹ǡ
䣬ŷһҶȥŸ磬ϵսҡ
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˶˳ȥֻŷһҶûУ֪ⲫսУԼʵԶԶ˱ˡ
һҶֻǾ֣ŰջȥڰеϹٺˣͬʱԼһɫĹס漴ԼڡǻûзӦʱɫâԼڡ
Ȼÿ˶оԼı仯ƣͻȻص±
ϹĺϹԶϲͬʱŹ·ȥָо̫Ϥˣʱǿûܵâչˡ
ȻǷǸССӰ
һҶٶȡĸħɱϹĴһ
Լ巢仯ԭ򣬰еĽͻȻǰ̳һ䣬˺ڻü䡣
һֱϹٺ粻µķҲֲסϹٺĹƣźڻ꣬屻롣ͬʱλսĺҲ׷׵档ϹϹԶĶҲɱڵء
սһ˲һҶħչֳãԲǼ⾳ǿܹģһЩʱ䣬ôеսӦѽˣǵսҲӦѽˡ
ļ룬ǵսȻڼ̵ʱʿǳĴսģǳصĹʿ޷ֵҼսļǿȫսǶ֪ȥǷ׷еıͶˡ
ľٶŪðһһ㶵ģЩʿ֮ǰսôͻȻͶأ
һףûʱЩ˿ۿҪʤˣȻеսѾûһʤϣͶҲǺһ顣
뵽˵İ˵ͷæʾӦδ
ɫףһս˵أֻǰǵʿеİնΪسǶϹٺĺ⾳ӣϹĺϹԶûһŵġ
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˺޷ܣڳ˼ֽ侲֪һкЩʿ޹أĳʵֻһǻȨһе鶼ΪȨŷġ
û뵽ֻΪԼһˣȨ㲻ϧʮ˵ǳصʿǡ⻹ΪȥɱԭΪ﷢սʱŻûеء
ǶΪǵʿɡ˵
ǣõٲɣȥƺˡ
ΣҪԼĶ鳷ȥȴֹ磬һȥȨ㲻һʱɡ
ĬƬ̣˵ͷָԼʿפڰ⡣ϾһֿܵסȨĹҲԼһߣЩͶʿѱ䣬Ͼǿǽӽʮı
һж֮Ŵŷ˻صС¥ȥ˿˵çԬ£ϵƶȬֻ廹ʱڻ֮УԬ˵Ҫһµʱ䣬ǲָܻҲҪ̫ģǶûʲôΣա
ڻָǰİŷסŵŷҡϹٺȴǴЩ龳ĵסٻȥڰС
ȵøϻʱ򣬷սѾûаѲֱӴȥҲפڳ⣬ȨٴϮһΣôܶϹ޵ħħУõõħ࣬ûԵħ˷ãһηôְ֧ܶ࣬ǵķ֡
󣬷áϹٺ硢ŵ˶һ˵Ȩ᲻
ҡҡͷΪӦòᣬػһֻʮǳأȥǰǺõķǣֻʣʮѾʧȥǳصıʲôǣ
õҲһʵػʵĲʮǳأڱ߽Ķںڣ֮һǰǸǶ֡
ϹٺȻٴڼ䣬ʱпػȨɵӣͲеԸǣϮػһֿʵûС
š˵ͷӦòᡣսǺͣźܿ죬ȨᴫϢġ
ȨҾŹ㣡ͻȻ˵
ڵʵǻȨĶ֡ʵ˵ȻԼʲôԼԥҪһȨ鷳ŰԼյء
ŵ˵ͷ֪ҺͻȨ˵飬һ죬ҪΪһиۡç˲ܰܣͽ佫Ҳܰ


298 һϢ
ĻȨ᲻ٴιǣȨȴҲٵŻ᲻ԼưոݡȨȻɵӣȻȻʵܹţǣһػʧҲͬǾ޴ġ
֪ǳصʿȫ֮󣬻Ȩĵһ뷨Ǻźͽ⣬û뵽ٴηǣʱпܷսȻץʱŮӣ˭֪Ǹ᲻ͻȻ
֪ǵĳɱ֮󣬻Ȩ㿪ʼŻ᲻ԼˡʱһʲôˣֻΪһֱ̻ȻһǣǼ飬˵û̫ĹϵϾÿһ֪Ϣ󶼲ŹţȫͨشˡˣȨžԼưոݣһгرˡȻҲɱ˻ˡ
ʱȨԼ鷿Уվػة࣬ȨͻȻ˵ة࣬Ϊǽô죿
Ȼ˾Ȩû˵ةĿһܹةλãȻһͨˣʲôķģ˶ȻŷǷ
Ž͡ة򵥵˵һ໰ˣֻһζķӭͽᣬֻڲԹɫˣӱ⣬ֻΪһҵв㣬Եﲻةһ֮£֮ϵĵλӵλˣҪҪ
ͣȨ˿ة࣬Ż᲻᲻ͬ⣿
ôة׻Ȩ˼Ҳ֪һʲôˣܼ򵥣ǲٹǣһ㶫òͬ⡣
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Ȩֱ֪̻Σ֮ʣŰ¾ɲݶι˱̻ǿƴϡ֮ȨԼòĶҲŻϡʲôţԲͨ
ةҪƷֻҪһϢ͹ˡϢҲʼҵϡ
ϢȨ¶֮ɫ̲סʲôϢܹҪ
ةʵܼ򵥣£ʲô飿
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ǰةӵ񹭵ּŮӣûܹŵģһɲݣֱ̻ˡ
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ȨͻȻվ𣬵ãͽȥ졣
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ǣžվڱ̻ߣ̻һ仯ûУϵգ΢ĺһҲûѹļΨһԸаĵһ㣬Ǳ̻ûΣա
ͻȻ򿪣˽˿ϵıֿ̻˿ţ̲ס̾Ϣһػةţȥһ°ɣ˵ةһǰӦԺ͵ġ
šŵ˵ͷת˳ȥԺҲãҲûڶԸȨ֪ڵԼǻȨĶ֣ңкܶҪñ̻һֱţһҪҵα̻ķ
߳С¥λ֮⣬һʮҵˡ
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ةһ㶼ûŭԭŵ巴վػةࡣƽҴһ˿⣬վľٶĺȫ෴˼֪Ǳ΢ư
Ҳںֻǵ˺⣿
ǹ̸͵ġ
Ŷŵ˵ͷô̸ͷ
ةٹǣҲҪػΪΪ
ʲô˼ͻȻ𣬡һֱǻȨڶԸԵ޹ʵľȫͨǳǣʲôʱΣػ飿
ȴһҲûжֻǾĿػةࡣ
ةаȻػΪǹǣҲûһҪ˵ûֻͨȷʵ˵Ե޹ʣϾŲûдػķɣɱйƽеģһȨͲӦò֣˵ǻȨӣӣҲӦ鷳ǻȨ֪ôŻȨһ
ȻЩةȻ˵Ҳû˵ĲǣϾǰǣǰ¡ةȴҲûлشʻֻǿţӦ̸ͣҿԸһϢ
ŶʲôϢ۾ǰˣ벻ԺͺϢʲôϵʲôϢܹҪҪ̸͵ģֻǸոհ˵űûпڶѡ
ةһлֱܹ̻Ϣ
ţһ㶣ͻȻĹâʲôϢ˵
ֻӦ̸ͣҲܸϢ
ãҴӦ㣬ֻҪ˵ܹ̻ϢҾػ鷳˵ҲûҪػ鷳гģֻлȨһˡȻػĹУػ
áةͷڸˮһϼ壬Ǵһλҽ˵¼ûβõĲûȲ˵ˡֻҪҵһܹа취κñ̻ġ
ˮǣϼ塣ŵͷҽʲôֻ֣Ҫȥҵ𣿡
ةҡҡͷҽϼ˶ɡ⣬û֪ҲϼС
ͻȻɢŨİɫâͻȻɢɱһʵͻȻ䣬ҲҲϢ
ةľҵͻȻ䱻ˮʪ͸ŲûжةͻȻ֮һֺµĸо˵ԭҲûдܣҲûиоɱȴ֪ŵвɱ⣬ԷʱпɱԼȻŲû˵һҪɱĻеĸо˵˺¡
ܵԼΣգةæ˵Ȼڲϼ壬ÿ꣬ȥһΣھһ뿪ѹȥ꣬Ҫһʱ䣬ضȥһϼ塣
ŶΪʲôÿشһΣϵİ׹⽥ɱҲ˼֡
ة˲ͷĺˮ֪شʱ䲢̶ֻ뿪ׯʱһꡣ
ŶҲ˵ʱпܻȥ
ة˵ͷÿһΣڴסʮ졣ܹκñ̻ļ
βأͻȻʵ
Ҳûа취ôûܹκñ̻ˡֻػػ½ҲûбɸĴ򡣡
һãˣҲȥ򾩳ǣҲػ鷳
ة೤˿ת߳뿪ǣ˵Ѿɡ
ǲҪȥϼ壿ʵ
ŵ˵ͷھߡ


299 Ƴ
ˮһǣȻûаǴ󣬵ҲС̫ࡣˮǾҲԶ˲ûвμӰǵս
ʱϣǸˮǵĴַǷ
ڴϣȴûʲô͸ˮǵķֻ㵽ϼ壬ûлǸˮǸ̫֪࣬ĸϼ壬ŲŲͣء
ŵԣǿһ¡һۺɫȹͷ٣סɰļǣʱ˭һֻػޡ
оߵ˶ΪһഺŮӣȷʵҲǡ
»ûдﵽ̶ֳȣȻʱ·鷳ŴʱһžԻᱻȺΧ
磬һϼߵһ·ʵ
ϼ壿û˵
̾Ϣһߵ£ô죿ⶼʵĵڶʮˣôû֪ϼأ
µϼֻһСӣݴϰе˲֪
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ιԴ˰һŵ֣汿¡
ⲻһֱڴ𣬿û֪
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㶵Ŀ¡
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ѽǿҾƹݡʹԴԼ̫æĴҾƹݡ
Դг𰡡Сֹš
ܿ죬һƹݣ߽ȥһѾͳסæŵС
ǻһͷţȴûз𣬶һЦĵ͹٣ҪʲôҪһʵҲףЦӭǱġ
ʲôҲҪ¡˵
˵ƵɫʱһĵץԼ֣Ǿƹݣ´Ҫұȥûʱ䡣УȾƲԷ벻Ҫվ㵲ҵ·ˡ
ҿ㶵ĿǰСƣҲ̫˰ɡ
һԵ´ԼǷۺɫ·ͰͣͳһöңݸǰСƵС磬֪֪ϼôߣ
ŷԼĵľңСʱ¶Цݣæ֪֪ϼڲϼԱߣȥеվȥϼֻҪ˲ϼһҵϼˡ
ллС磬վİʵ
ȥ򶫣ߵֵľͷǡС˵ҪǲԵһæҴȥСƴʱԷܹԼһ󷽵˿ɲҪԼҵҲԼء
ˣԼȥͿˣллС硣Ц˵ŵ־߳˾ƹݡ
ʹˣŻûзӦ
Ȼ˵İҪ˼ҿϸŹ֡
ǮʹԴôҺԽԽء
ԴĲȥҲ£ɲܹһ˴򡣡
Žֵ˶ңſʮͣ·ߣ˺٣ȾƹƧ˺ܶࡣʮƾɣϳĶʮˣõĳǲҹġǶǰûˣҪҺڣֻšȻˮǺܴҲ֣óʵڲࡣ
ŵȻ֪еԭ̲סţ˵վôǶûСˮǿܷӣվĳôôأ
ûԵɣʮʱΧ׷׺С㣬Ҫȥҵĳɣҵĳˡ
ҵĳɣҵĳɾ
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һѵﻹһӵĳ𡣡
Ҳǰ˵ӵĳͷҵãǶ졣
˵ȥһһ˵Ŀһһ߹ͻ棬ֻһƥ˵ٵҲƥȴֻһƥݵļֱûݣçƥǻݡ죬̲ס𣿡
ұ֤û⣬ҪͲطҲǮ
ŻҡҡͷУż⳵ƽʱʲôĳںڲУ㵽ϼ塣
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ˡŵȥϼҪǮ
ϼ򣿡طʱҡҡͷȥ
ȥգգۣƵΪʲôȥҲٸĳǮģҿԶ
Ҳȥ˵ͷҡ˹һ⳵ֻʮϼݴϰ·̣ƥġ
죬а⸡ˮǺܷӣ⳵ôôء
ΧΧסźµĳҪȥϼʱɢ˿ȥóûȥ
ֻǸӵĳվ˳ֻȭͷҧҧʹԼԴò˵ȥϼ򡣡
˵Ķµһʱ뵽ԴҲùġ
ŵһʱ뵽ȴ⣬˿ˣֿ˿ƥ̲סʵƥʮУ
ʹԴУϳɡ
УŻЩġ
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Ҳǡںһ㣬¿˿£Ҫϳ
ϰɡҲΣֻܵͷӦ
ſǾƵһǸƴƾͲˣΪﲢǽֵľͷ¸ûߵվ
ƾɵĳٿǰƥСһһᣬԼܲסſ¡
࣬ϵʱǳ֨֨ѽѽһ졣ŸоͷкðˣǺʮ⾳ǿ߽֣Ҳдʱţ˿ǰŰ̾һãû
ᴫɫҲЩˣûʱȥǶųȥȷû¶
İɣȻ˵Ǽ⣬˿϶һⶼûСʵʵ˵
Ҳ˲ͷҲ֪кˮûУҵ˼˵⳵ȥ᲻ɢ˰
㶣Ӧòɣҽ컹ӹһ顣
ӹһ黹һŸСĵ˳һ춯ãỹǳᣬû̫ı仯
ˡߺһƥǰʻȥ


300 
һƥһƳ߳ˮǣһƽ̹Сϡ
ŵĵź£˵ңһ⳵ܲɢ˼ܣ°ŵˣֻúСС˵ߵĺģҲ֪ʲôʱܹϼ򡣡
һҲһ·ôиһҲܵˡҲСشҲ˶Ǻ⾳˲ľ磬ĿȻ˴˵
˵ʱ򣬳ǰͻȻǳҲȻҲЩģ˵λˣܲܰѵժˣ
Ȼ⳵ƣǳǰһѳʵʵǷҪο˵ݣǳлҳ赲ҳġ
ŵǲЩһֱҲһ̫ɾˣŻ̲סʵΪʲôҪժˣ
ǳԥ˰Σŵз磬̫Щ
ժɡεĿߵ£־ԼԴ
𣡡ŵĶһæֹ
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ժǰǰʻȥз紵ᣬŸоȸոڵĳˣҲǺࡣ
ǰ濴ȥȴǳûڳϸϳǣڵߡ
壬ôϳֵʵ
ŽԼ壬ǳҲһûмôƺԼģæҲˣô߾С
ŻѯʣţָָָָȻ˰֡
ףǳǲϳҪ⳵ס
ʲôʱߵϼ򰡣û˳ڿٶˣǳڵߣ÷Ųο֮ǰǵ˲ϼˡ
ȻĻ֤ʵŵ뷨һ·˳Ļƻƻʱܵˡ
ôһϸĿ˿̲ס壬⳵׬Ǯ𣿡
ǳͷһۣ׬Էѡ
ǴΪʲôҪУŲʵ⳵ҲʮһͣҲ˱Ĺ벻ףΪʲôҪŪһƥһƳأ
򳤳̾ϢһʲôûУеĵҲռȥˣȫҵһƳܸ𣿡
رռȥˣŴСݴׯ֪ÿһһƬԼĵأݴׯо󲿷ִ񶼿ֵΪȻħֵǮǲûмӵɱħ޵ʵǴû˵أ˵޷档뵱Ϊض࣬ų˴ǿļ塣
ôᱻռȥأǴеĲǿռأҲӶİ˵Ǹˮǣǿ𣿡ݴׯпܻᷢ˼ҵػᱻߣԴʱȥӺǴΣ˵ضȥˡʱŻôࡣ
ݴׯػı߽磬ɶûеĻ֮أȻȥܣ˭ȭͷ˭˵㡣⸡ˮǲͬźˮǺһзɵĵطֹȻ顣
¶һ˿ЦȻûǿҲǲ࣬סĴļҪҵĵϽ˵ˮáˡ
Ҳȥ⡣
˵ˣƳȥǮⰡ
һأüͷ𣬡ΪʲôҪأ
ҲҲУǼ峤ǴĴ峤˵˾㣬ǲҲ治ӮұҲ뵽Ͽ䷹ݵģ˭֪ͷһԼĳĻû˵ȥֻǳ̾Ϣһ
ű˵ʲôȴͻȻһȻͣ
ôˣһûҶ󿴳ûɢܲŷ
ǳæΧųתһȦãˡ
ź¼Σæ³ȻµĺСġ߹ȥһһֵһСУӲǱͲʲôǶ˵Сӿ˵һˡ
û£Ұѳ̧Ų⣬Լǿ⳵Ҳûʲô
Сæס׼ţȻָָҡҡͷ
ޡԼԴµ˼⳵ܿһǵñϲɡ
ǵô죿ſųʵ
ҲԼԴ⶯żΪƣ鷳λһ£Ҫһ㣬ŵ㾢
õģȥǰǣɡűӦ£˵Ļ˵бһ˿УԼҲ˵еԭҲΪСʱԼҲȺĹϵա
ߵǰϳںƣ±Ҳæûң˾ʹȣѳƻˡ
һ⾳˲һʣƳӣȴûܼǰߡ
ǰһֻ˻Ǹӿгĳ֣ӻˡ
ô죿ĨĨͷĺˮȻⲻ۵ġ
û¶ʱҾ޺áһ˵һ߲֪ͳߣڳֱ
Ҳڳ£壬
ϼ壬;ϼԶ
ϼ壡͵վ𣬵ϼǲһɣ
ѽҲ֪ɰһ˵ɵ֣ʱðĹâػҽɣÿһλѸе˿ʲôֻҪ˻ţܸκá
⻰ʱǸةȻûƭԼڲϼ壿æʵ
ڣÿλֻڴסһ£ÿȻһΣϴߵʱѾˣһʱͻġ˿ţҪȥҽ
ŵͷǰҪȥϼġ
ϧҡҡͷϧĲʱ򣬽ɲһ⼸ŻһεģҪҵܿܵһʱ䡣
ŵûϵҿԵȣѵĲûΣա
ţǾͺá˵ͷǲҪϼгסˣ
ŵͷҪ˵ȴͻȻһ죬ȻͿǰĳֵ
Եæǰ׼סᣬû뵽һǳѳɺüƬ
ã廹Ƕţæǰһڳǰ
ѵĳžžϣ棬ĳ
壬û°ɣæʵ
û¡ĳƨվڿźµʱһӾɵˣԼ˴ʱͷ·϶ǺĻҳ
ô죿ЩˣԼѿŪģ˼ҶǮаһʱš
źҲӵġֻŪԾɳϣû뵽Ż˳
壬͵ǮɡŴӻͳһݸ
ôУûйԼڷǮԼ⳵ҳ־Ȼһ񡣱˵һƳʮϺõҲδֵܹһ񰡡
壬Űɡ¼գæǰ˵Ҫڲϼһ䷹һӦùˡ
֣ȴûнӣֻǵǮҲҪ
룬Ҫɣϼз𣿡
˵ͷСݡ
Ǯ͵ҵķӳ𣿡
⣬ǷӲֵЩǮֵֻһҡ
壬ǰɺòá¾Ȼ
㶣γԼ󣬳ڲ˫ֽǿ񣬵ҽҵķҪǮҾͰǮǡ
ðȴķݿˣǿҪȥ䷹Ŷ»˵


301 ϼ
ˣֻ򳵷ʵ壬ϼôߣҺµˡ񱨳ԼֺźҲԼ֡Ǳ˴˶ѶԷѣȻ˫˺ܶ࣬ʲôϵأ
ϼ򰡣ܼ򵥵ġָǰֱ߶ʮȻһʮ·ңһм·ǰһ·ϣȻʮ·
壬˵ˣǻһ߰ɡźûˡ
ЦЦǺðɣǾţҲܵȵŵţҲżǰŴӼڸûϼУҾҲߣҲڴסµġ
Ŷӷһ·ϼϣֻǺԼɴ֪ʹ㵽ϼҲûʲôű㲻ż
壬Ȼϼ壬븡ˮôԶôأʵ
ΪϼͲϼûֻеˮǲŻⰡԭܼ򵥣һСм˻أʹУҪһأ
ŶԭͻȻ뵽һ⣬壬Ϊʲôÿͻصһأ
Ҳ֪ʲôԭҲû֪˽ѾһٶˣڴҲûʲôˣֻǸճʱסڴʱͰˣûʶҲʶеˣ˵ΪϼɵĹ磬žġ
Ŷ¶һ˿֮ɫǴʲôʱſʼأ
ʱҲǲˣһοʱʮʱҲӦʮ˰ɡʱԼ˵Сʱ飬˲żġ
֮ЩʲôأźĸŨһ˺ԼĴӲûʲô飬Ϊʲôÿͻȥһأһʲôԭ򣬾Լû飬뵽ȥݴׯǱҪһӶȥʵûһֵԼĵط
ʲôҲڴסЩӣֻڼ䣬ɿƣҲʲôĲûβõġҲˣ˶ɶǼΪ𾴡ţһܺõˣҪǿһܾ˿ġ
֪ʲʲôҲȥϾʲôԼһϵûСΨһϣܹκñ̻ñ̻ܹѣٴλָഺ
컹ûֻܵ·ߣ£һüббߡ
ǹá
΢棬ķңͻȻһƬƽסµļ磬ͷһ£һʱ侹ǳˣãžǵҸ
Ҹʱĺܼ򵥣׿һз£վ˵·ߣһõֻҪӵˣѾ㹻ѾеҸ
ȻҲָоżͷһ仰Ҳ˵¹ഺ
Ե񣬾ҲóˣʱԼҲйҸΪʲôԭҸһȥأ
΢
ˣվһҹ
Ҹһڻ¶
䣬γһҸ¶ֺγһӵУ
ݡมһԶʻϳ˴ߺȣ˵顣
һոµܿҲܼ̣Щۣһݵĵ·ߣɢܡƥߴ׳ܵķɿ죬ż˻һɽϸϣֻҪóͨĵκ⡣
ϳһʮ׳꣬ǿ׳壬˫ۣһһҹȴȻȣһˣŰڳϣԽҪá
ŵ¶Цݣæű۶֡ʱһһŸ߽ħҪˡ
ͣ¡
簡Ҫȥϼ򡣡
ȥϼ򰡣ϳ꿴˿·ߵˣֿ˿ƥ𣿡
ܴ⳵𣿡̲סʵ
Уʲôᰡ˲ͷ˵ҵĳ˵ģֲģװȥҲаǻŪҵĳ˵ˣ𣿡
죬ôŰ
Ȼǰ˩ڳˡÿ׳յ˵
ܡͻȻ˵ҲǣҪ㲻ƥ·Ҳ
ҲߣֻǮҪһЩ˵
ŵ˵ͷ⵹Ǻܺٶ˼׬ǮˣǮȻҪһЩҲ̫ŸϵϼˣűʵǴϼҪǮ
룬ٸͭ塣
ʲôٸͭ壿ôȥûſڣ
ƥõҶ·̰ƲƲ˵ҲֵǮҪ˵ˡ
ûм֣ԼҲȷʵֵǮɱⶼɱǱʵǲƥֻҪǮ
һٸͭ塣˴˵
һٸͭ壿۾ɴ󣬡㶮鰡㣬ҲǸϳģȥϼҪʮͭ壬ǴӸˮеϼҲʮͭѡ
˻ͷһۣ븡ˮҲһأͳʲô𣿾һٸͭ壬˵ţݳҪߡ
߰һٸͭ壬һٸͭ壬ȥҪߣʱˣ˵һٸͭˣʱҪһŶԥһµġУɲٵȼʱˡ
Ǿϳٶȵ˴
æϳᣬʱˡ
복Уɿʻϼأ̲ס˵˵㵽ûôҪ۵İ
˴˭˵ûڲ𡣡
⳵ͦµģǲģ
˵Ǹոմӳģ⻹ûȵˮأˡ
ĵһ˰
ǰһһҪһģһҳȥһˢԾͲܱˡ˵
۾ֿʼɴ󣬡ˣ˫ļǮòã
˵ʲô˫ϼôԶʮͭôأﵽϼһҲҪʱ䣬һҪ׬ٸͭģҪʮͭȥϼһ׬ʲôǮ
˵ʱԼҲ뷨ģΪ׬Ǯһ׵飬Ҳĸʮǰ˰ɡ
һ·ۣʱ㵽˲ϼС³Ÿһͭ壬µǸʲôǲȥϼ壿
룬ǻǰһҵ̣ѷݿ߰ɡ


302 
Ҫҵ̣ʾͬ⣬˴ܺʵҲûȤءԼŪһ䷹ݣǲǾ˰̲ס뵽
ҲԼ֪أϾԼǰֻһֵصģֻݳԹ֪ҪһҪЩʲôĴ㣬ֻΪԼϲڶѡǰģҪԼһݣȾƾͷˡ
ȻԸֻһСݾͺˣҲܹһͭһʰ׾ơ
Ҫʲô˷ܵ˵
룬ϾǰԴйҽݵľ飬ȻǶģҲ֪һЩ̡
ҪݣҪһ̣Ҫ֮УϾ˶ĵطŻһֺϵǻ˵ӣֿǧټ䷹Ƶġ
Ŷǿҵ̡һסĸ첲ֵĺ壬ȥֵһְǵľٶ壬ΧһΪŮһҲں˵Ŀ֪ʲôԭȷʵúʶĴȣһҵİжûУֻ£ҲָоҲǴǾ⳵ӵԭա
£һ˿жһ˿飬һ˿аҪһŮжãϧ
תϼֵһ֣ڴתȦȴ¶һ˿ʧ֮ɫԭܼ򵥣Ȼǵ̣Ҳ֣ԴҪֶˡʧǣʵ̫ˣһеĶûУǸҲԿݵĵط
ô죿¿ŵ
Դа취ˣֱһ䷹
һ䷹㶣˼ҿ𣿡
ȴ۾һȻˣֻҪ㹻Ǯô᲻ء
ԡŵһҲ壬뿪һʲôģķݣҿҽԴľͲǾô
Ա߿ȥֻԼվһҷݵǰ߸ߵдžԴ֣һôУǲϼķݰҿɿ
Ǿǰߡûǿ֪Ҫһķݲһ£˭õġˣһʺϿķݣԸҲ׬̫Ǯе˻һͣһ£ǮͿĵˡ
ˡ˵ûǮУǮ̫á
ֻڲϼһССķݣ̫ۣܹԼӡϼ壬ԼΨһǸˡ
һ·߹ʮҷݣѡһȴܸɾС棬ҷݵĿ˴󲿷ֶûжǮƽա
˵
ǽȥһ˵һ߽С
򵥣ɾӣһ̨һϰ壬һʦûбˡģķݣͨϰСʱǷʱ䣬вûпˡϰͳʦڹ̨졣
߽ϰæ͹ҪԵʲô
ЦЦߵ̨ǰϰ壬
ϰһֵĿһۣΪʲô˻ʳ⣬Լû˵Ҫҵ̰
͹٣ǿЦİɣϰ岢ûӴָˣһƢЦ˵
ҡҡͷûпЦĺĵ̣ϰ壬ҿԶǮ
ϰ忴˿·϶ǳţ͸ЩܿԷ·ʲôӣҲֵ˼Ǯ۴ԷǮӡҷݵϰ岢һˣһо󲿷ֵʱӴĶһЩͨͨİաڣҪںԷǲǮΪҪԼĵ̣ǳһٷ򵥡
ԷǮô˵ĻܿģûǮĻôȻվԼǰһӡ
ȻϰѾһӣǺܿ˵ҵĵĲңϾһҪҺڡ
ϰ壬ĿԶǮź˵ȻϰеĻɡ
ţܳ٣ϰ̲סһ䡣
ҪǮſ
پҡϰ˵ģһ䷹ݾԲֵپңȻڲϼõһλãҲֵһپҶѡϰ岢ûŻӦֻǺһۣ˵˵öԷ֪Ѷ˶ѡ
û뵽ǣžһԥûУſڱãپˡ
߽һֱվŵĻæͳ͸Լ񣬵̨ڵķϰ塣
񣬷ϰһû뵽ԷģЩĿе񣬵Ҫ򣿡
ŵ˵ͷȻģȻ
ϰʹԼԴĿ̫û߰پңƲ񰡡һǧҵһǧͭ壬һһǧҡһͭӣǰ˵ĻһͭһǮôһһ߰پҾʮһССķϰ嵱Ȼʮ
ػ޲˶ܹӵеģǧҵħˣ˭ѵġϣ󲿷ֵˣͨˣûػޣǻԵɺϣܹõػ޵Ҳ𣬱˵ħػͨ˾ιػ޵ݶѲ
¿ϰԴĶ̲סͷԼǰôûзôкԼԴȥë
ŵûʲôƲûϵϼǮׯûǿȥ񻻳ɾҡ
Ǯׯȥ˵žҪߡ
ǷϰȴͻȻһ¡
ţŶ㶵Ŀϰ壬ŵϰ壬ǿǳҪĵ̵ģȻҲֵ֪̾ǮپҾԲ˰ɡ
ϰΪ̫࣬ҲҪ˵סپҾܹ򵽱Сݸεĵ̡ǿҪСݣǿҪԺܴĿġ
ſǰϰ壬зĹ⣬ԷֻһͨˣжССϰȴһ˿⣬ֵı˾Ȼ׬ʵ˵Ѿˡ
پˣǳԿҲԵøˡЦ
ţˡת˳ȥҲ˳ȥͨ˵һһС֣90ˣһҲ׬ôǮԽôһǮȥǮׯ²ģʱ˳ȥ
ϰ壬ǵǲˣЦʵ
ϰ˵ͷֻҪ㲻ںԿȻˡ
ôǲǸúһپףף
Ӧãپ롣ϰæߵĳʦ˵ӣŪһֵĲˣǶúúһ١
߷Ӧһæȥ˳
һĹºͻˡǮѾãһҲûзپҸϰ壬дͳˡ
ӵĲ˺ܿŪãһ˴һ٣ڷϣСĳʦ
ҲûʲôȻϰ廻ˣԼûʲô仯Ȼˡ
󣬷ϰûжκζֻһ˳ȥ
Ӷȵôſ²֪źߵϣµھȥϼɡ
ȴҡҡͷУǻҪһ顣
ţҪʲôƵĿš
ЦЦÿһطеͷߣھˣķǿġ
Ŷ»Ȼ򣬡Դÿһطˣǲǣ
ŵͷҪģǰҳǲΪѴ壬Ҫ岻κ۸


303 ձ
źڲϼתһȦȴһչҲûУû˴ܣҲûˣºò׿һģΪǲϼĵͷߣǰȥҪѵһ̱ƹǻûȽѵˣֻ˵䲻Ļȴһ㱻ΧȺŹº֪ԭ˿ľǲϼĵĴˡ
ǱӳȺһ仰ĺ壬˲òడ
ô죿ͷôдְһʹŵԴһƵ˵ոȻ˳ȴҲûᡣ
ҵͷȻʹһģа취ˣȥԴ
ȥԴǸϼķݣ»Ȼ򣬡ѽϢõĵطǷݣҾͲĻƻ᲻֪ĵͷ˭ߣץǣġ
ŵʲôΪƻ𣿡
ҸǮ᲻˵𣿡·ʵ
Ǻͷ߿İû˭˵ϾǿǱ򳤻õˡ
ȥݸʲôµɴ۾ʵڵԽԽСʱˣڵҲԼػ޵ˡ
ձѡŴ
ձѣʲôѣʸߵ˾Դݵǰת˽ȥûлشµ⡣
ҲںҲ߽ݡձѣӦúȤɡš
ڲǳԷʱ䣬ԴȻǲϼķݣʱҲûмˣǷʱ䣬ͨҲࡣԽǴķݿͨԽ٣Ȼһ㲢֤ݲǮŲ˵ԭҲ֪
͹٣ԵʲôԴݵĻƱţûת㿪ʼ˵Ҳȷʵ˵ãӦܹƾŽŲ߽еĲˣˣӦþԷġ
һ˵һתתʱ򣬻ƵЦݣҲ֪ԭЦתһ˲ͱһ
ֻǻû˵ƵЦݱ㽩ϣϸĿ˿һ·͸ͨĲϣ۾ǸСϰ۾һ۾ܿ50ͭһ·
ܵʲôƵһӱ䡣
ǰһץסСƵ죬һձѵģ
ձѣ㶵Ŀţûҷֻһػ޶ûеĻƣۼԷһֻ־ͰԼֻŶմˣĻ֧㰡
ȥϰǰһͣǻƱԾӣصڵϣ˸ϡ顣ŲûдѵһСƣֻϰ˵һ˵ȴڿСƵıһһĺСƿ˰һȳһյܵϰȥˡ
ֵһǣȻȽѾôСȴܵķɿ죬һ˻׷
קһ£ھƹмĹϣűЦеĿţ뿴ôձѵģոǶݺݵǺڴŽıݡ̶̵ļӣбͺٵĿͻȻߵһʣÿ߳ȥʱ򣬶һֵ۹⿴š
ΪԴݴҲûз飬ǲŻоְɡ
ʮӵʱ䣬ǸƱһȳһյ˻һĴӣӿɱСݵĳʦҪֶˣ˸Ͳһϵġ
ǾԴϰ壿ȵߵԼǰű㿪ʵ
ǣϰϸĴţ˵ձѵģ
ŵ˵ͷû
µıѾ˰ôأ
˰վ˻ٽǰĺûйϵ
ʲôûйϵ㲻ǻԸˣϰƶĿţʵ벻׶ԷΪʲô˵Ȼ˵ѲշѣԼķҪ밲ȵľӪȥǮһҲ١˷ݿô꣬ҲûоܾѣҲǰ׽ô꣬ʹҲûʲô˸µġ
˵ձѵĵͷߣȴҲ˰һÿµıѶۣԷҪһ֣ȻҲûظշѵ˵֮Żһʱ뵽ŲЩշѵһġ
Ը磿ЦЦһòƵͷߵˣԸ˭
Ը˭֪Ҳձѣüͷÿ¶ǻԸշѵģҪձҲԣǵҪԸӦСȻǰǸʲôģȴûз𣬶򵥵һַʽԼ⡣Ը˱ѣȻҪԴİȫǰûûйϵԸˣ㲻ձˣѹ»Ը磬ôͻύԷѣ˭ԼͰǮ˭쾭顣
ŶŵͷãǸʲôԸҺ̸
תվСư˰֣ȥԸ硣
С÷Ըæһȳһյ˳ȥа룺ҴңȻԸһҪÿ·ˣѧձѣˡ
С쾶ȥᣬٴ£ֻΰת˸Ŵš
ĿαϣĿӼֱĲˡ
ԴݵϰЩĴţôһҲûкµӣб£ǳţ»ѵ֪Ը˭Ķѵǲϼˣ
ű߿ȥ뿴ԸûУϾӣԼûа취Ⱑ
һȴͻȻһģɢһഺϢŮűߣִֻǰһڵĿűߵǽϡ
ע㶼ϣһֱûп¡ͻȻлһŮסӦʱæűȥܻΣգȥɡ
ⲢûʲôϵҪ˾Ͳˡ
۾˿ǰӣЦЦллϰ⣬Һһġ˵ţ³ŵĵطͷڣѾ֪ҪձѵĿˣԭѵͷߵ
һģϰһҲû뵽ǰŮӾȻձѵһġ
ԣһġЦЦϰ壬㻹ǶԶɣĻԸˡ
ݵͻȻ򿪣һȺ˽ͷһŲ꣬ʮɷ¡
꣬æԸ磬ˡ
Ż꣬ٿҲʮǾԸ̲סŻ
ԸȴֻɨһۣзһĹâܿתͷҲûֻ˵˭ձˣ
ҡŻվҲûվ
㣿Ըǰ֪֪˭ĵ̣


304 ùĻԸ
ҡͷҲ֪˭ĵ̡
ԸüͷָָԼıӵҵĵ̣֮⣬˭ûȨھԴձѡ
û˵Ըֵ֪֪ҵĵϵһʲô
Ҳ֪ٴҡͷ
³ܲҡԸֵȭͷһžžžһ죬㵨Ӻܴ󣬲ңţԸһϲӴˣȴϲġ
ʲô˼̲סʵ
˼˵ڲϲˣҵ˶ܺãҪֻֻ֣š
ŶôȥͻȻǰ˺ȤҲû˶Լ˵Ļ
ȥԸͻȻսŶ˵
̾ϢһҼȲʧȥֻ֣Ҳûֻš˶٣ֵ°Ӧþǲϼĵͷˣ㲻˵ô㶯֣֣
ȻһŮͻȻӻԸ
ԸһôԼôԼӦʮ²ŶѽоЩԣæתͷȥһԸһֻԼ˺һأô£
ԸƬ̣漴ͻȻ׹Ƶģúɸֵ̾һȺûõĶٺȵٺȵƣǾǲǸҶȥҾһ棬˭ٺȾ£ɡ
ûԸֱӴߣΪԼµڵΪ˯ȥ˵ԭ
ʵҲֻܹԸ磬˭·ŵʮһҲûŪء
ǵͷߣʱ¾վڻԸǰԸ統ȻˣվԼǰûʲôӦԭȫΪʮ¸̫ˡ
ʣԸҲʱӦͦͦʲôͷߣүүԸ˶٣µСѾͷĲȸձѵģȥСѾߡ
۾һɣһƾڻԸͷϣүǰɣ
Ը绹ûô£ͱֱſˣò׹һƣСѾǰɣ
ԸʵſˣҧҧǿվҪ˵һձѵǰɣ
λԸʵʵſŲˡ
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ҲˡԸſ˵ſ£ҹƽսĻᡣ
ƽսֱӱԸˣͷãҸ㹫ƽսĻᡣ
⻰Ըæӵ𣬷ɿ˺Զ漴ָ֣һö׵Ľָһ۱㿴óһöǬָ
ԸŽָһֻһ׹һͷǿ׳İɫޱڻԸԡ
ͷͷޣޣ
ʶԸĵҷųޣˡ
ŵɴۣŴ죬Ŀһһޣаǻûﵽ徳ɡ
Ըж֤ʵŵĲ룬ֻԸСףϣеŮĻ衣
СףҲСףոһģеѾˣ֪ǺԭĵԸү˵Էİ޽СףЩˣţû¾ͺԼͷ߽װ޲ŽСأԻûСôԽСף
ǰ޲ûԸģûгǰһ۷
ţô¶ԸɴҲûͷػ޿ԼѾ˼ŵõģǲϼõһͷػޣôûأ
Сף㵹ϰԸٴκ
СûԸĻǰһۣһɲˣǸ˾Լ˹Сһֱſˣ˵ɶҲվ
СǰɣûȻԸŪô¶ͷϾְһơ
ˡԸſˡ
ûûԸ綯һѾͰѻԸȻһģƽǰɣعƽ
ԸẬȦһẉ̂ˣĻ˵ġ
ޣ㣬ǵͷ߲
Ҳǣ١ûȻԸ˵꣬һ¡
ǵͷ߲
ǡλԸʵʵĻشƽʱͷĳƺ˭˵ԼǰѶԷһݸһʣɡڣµǿѹ£Ը춼ˣҲûҪնԷΪѾߵ뷨ˡҪһѾߣԸʣԼǵײɱɡ
ţǵͷ߾ͺáʵ˶ǸĴûʵֵļƻȽѵһ٣̱ƹ
˵ǲǲϼĵͷߣ
Ըæ˻Դҿɲǣҵǣҵǻͷİϼİɰ
ţзɵĵطҲаɣ̲סʵ
Ըڶ˭ˣʵʵشﶼһֻҪڴ˶ĵطɱ˾С
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ҵԸ㶵Ŀţҵҵɱ㣿
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㰡ٴʹɵ˰ԸһƵ˵
֪ʵһֱҲûʹȻһٸԴҲˡ
㱾ɵɱǣΪ˭
ҵŻҵȻ֪ˡͷõġ˵⣬Ը羹ֳһԺ֮ɫһµİɣһҪţƵġ
ԼĶͷˣǺ
ȴȤԸ磬ŻŻ߷
ŻԵ˵ͷҾŻү
үǰɣ°־
㣬Ҳǣڿʼٲүˡ
⻹࣬ߣȥ
ŶŻûԥֱ߳ԴݣߵϡΪܸԼĵʲôΣգɲֻǲϼɵİһǲϼĵһ֡ǿǺ龳ľ簡
ŻԲûȥ磬żȥһ˸ˮǣҲûʲô֣УŻµһĸˣûܹ
߹ֵСŻźһͥԺ
߽ţʯ̳ɵСŻֱӱ˸׵鷿ȷʵһɰĺӣһĻûУ˵ҵֱӻصУû뵽ͨ籨ʲôġӦҲŻԶԸ׾εԭ
𣿡Żʹţ
ڡ˭Żű˴򿪣һʮҵվǰ
ҵŻ˵
ŵ˵ͷһҲûпǰɵİһҲûб֮͸һ֪ݣ˭Ҳ˻ǵĵͷߡ
һμ֤˲òϵԡ
Լû˻شŻ̲סͷ˰ɡ
ǻû˵һ仰ͻȻһ


305 ˼
һ䣬һѵŻüġ
۾˵ֻаһ顣ûŻشűջеĽֱսǬָС
͵ϮⲻƽױһýָסŻߵĺ
ŻȴҡҡͷԷ˼ɱԼոһֻҪԼףڶԷǰԼûзʵ
ŻԿе͵ϮͲڣһͻȻİˣô᲻ԷԷûڿŵһ˲νԼվȣԷ֮Ŵ̳һ͵Ϯ˵ƽıƴ
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ŵǽһܣ顣һǽһŰӡ
һܴĴϰʢһСһƬ
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Żû˵ȥףԭԴͬһˡֻ׳ԼʵΪΪŻȴҪϼûз
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ŻЦЦԼĶӣ¶һ˿谮֪ԼĶĵزֻЩ³çЩͿҲóź²ԼĶӣҲӵĴ档

߳żҵׯԺźֱСȥһһ˵һ˼ûУô򵥾ͽˣ˼һΪԴһء
ôܰǺܺãЦ
õǺã̫ˣΪȤءţ˵ŻΪʲôһ㣬Ҳһᱩһٰ
ûˡԼԴȥǵڶˡ
ұòãʲôڶ˵
ڶ˼ǵڶСħŮ
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Ǻʹ˵һɣȻڲʲô鷳ҲҪ֪ķȥϼҲиסĵط
Ҳǡߵǰץסĸ첲ҡҡ塭塭
Ժ۾һſǰˣ°
ţ壬Ҫˡ
ȥϼ壿
š
ߣҴȥҡҡλεվҪߡ
˴壬ҵġæ˵
һЩҲãԼ߻ܿһЩҵķӾڴӶͷȥһ֪ˡŵԿڸڵϼǣдţȥŸϼͺˡ
Ŷõġû뵽ôѣȻ·ЩΣȴŵôϸ
ӹ̨ҵһ֧ʣܿдһţ˵Լķ˳ŵˣϼԿ׸ԷͿˡ
ŵݸţҪ尡
µ˵ͷǵȻǻҪԲءɲҪǵǮŶ
ǺǣǵȻˡЦ
˴壬ڴлʲôòȥһƽʵ
ͻȻһòŷˣϼѾûˡ
ŶȻоķӦЩ֣ȴҲûзϣǴ壬ˡ
һ뿪Сݣֱ뿪ϼϼ岻ʮ·һӵʱ䣬ϼ塣
Ÿո߽вԶһļΪ޵Ůӱǰ߹


306 
ϼ岻ȴһֵ󣬴еķӴӶУԽԽáһı̨ͤ¥󣬼ɽ԰ˮȣݳޡӵ棬ֻͰƾɣǽ©磬ݶ©ССݡ
ڴӵм䣬һ׼ķָߣָᣬĶ涼ƽ涼С¥ָ壬塣
˺ˣλƶ˸еĶˣһļഩŴֲ·ﶬһɫһӣͬ˵Ĳϡ
Ϊʲô˵ˣǼأ
Ϊһ⣬
סڶ壬ȴЩȥȽµĺ·˶ҺȣΪǴŶ·¶شȵȹӣֻ죬ǴҲ˴š
˱ˡ
ػ˵һССĴׯС򣬳ǳأ·ҴģϷӣˡ
ϷӣôԶĵطֻȥϼ򡣱ϷҲˣҲûнӴˡ
ϼУϼҲ޷ȣϼһ欣һģҪģǶһ˫ȡ
һ˫ȣѩס޳һ˫ȡ¶⣬Ҳڣһ˫Եȡ
ؼһ˫ȡ
Ϊ˫ȣ֪Ѵж˴ã֪ж˫ȵʱȻ

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һһŮˡеЩŮഺ硣
ѵȥģţٿ˵·־ò
Լ·ǻҳ·Ҳʲôӡ
ȻǷݵĻƣҲϰ壬Ȼһ˫۾һĴϾܿó
Ҳû⣬ǲӵˣôʲôͷ㶼Լ޹ء
תͷһۣԽˣǰȥ
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վס֪ԷǺԼк·ϳԼˣûеĸˡ
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Ҹ硣Ȼ֣»ڻŵӣǲûн飬Ȼش𡣶˵ǰˣô˼סػУδͬǲ˽ܵģֻ˵Լĸ硣
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ţղŻúõģô˵ͱء㶵ĿϦӳѪıӰһʱӦôһ顣һŵѵǴƭǣϼûϼˣôأ
嵱ȻƭˣһǸŮ˵ѡǣµ֣ȥǰһСꡣ
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û˵㲻˵һ˫Ȳͨ𡣡
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ӣֻ˵˫ȳ⣬ȻԲôҲһ˿ȱ㡣ؼ䣬еڶ˫ˡ
ţǲϲˣָţĻЩ
ţ㶣ʱΪʲôԼһҲûЩ˵˫ȺÿֻΪ˫̫˶ѡ
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ĸо
ϻػ޵ëһûȫ˵Ӱ
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Ȼ˫ۣоһ˿ңһſԼǽŲġ
ȴһſ˼ûУһ˫ֻסµϸ§ø
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¡źЦ£аﻹԶء
ˡµͷǰȥһʱ侹ǲ֪˵ʲôźˡʱǸһ˫ȵŮˣ˳ԴסʵкʲôˣΪһһ˫ȥϲһˡ˵ҪȢ̻Ϊ̻̻˵ǳ󡣼룬ϲҲǵա
һֱǰϰԶ¹̵ŻָףǽŲأ̲סǰ濴ȥǰһӰҲûУĽŲ죿
ϸĻһ¸ոմķλ·֣ңԶĽŲǴһԺﴫġ
ԭ龪һС˵оһ˿ʧĸоԼһΣȴͻȻ֣һЦԼ
һʮİϸˣڽϣԵһСС
СݾǸո˵С꣬һЩճƷν׵
Сݵλÿո·ת߽̣˵̣һ£ϼס
˺Ц£Ŷָָ߹ˣһףǰпľϼҡ
Ŷлл̡С߳ǿ£¾ȵķ֣źԼǵĵط
˲ῴɣµ񾳵ѪɷʱµҲû


307
µķݣͰĲݷź߽Ժǰ˿ţûáƾɵĳᣬ΢һ㣬õ
ϼ𣿡ãžֻܺˡ
֨ŵŲΡΡĴ򿪣߳һŲ͵Ů
Ůһܾɣȴܸɾ·ʩ죬Ȼһŵֶֻһܴӣװ·
ŮĿź£ɫϿԿΪſŵģ߳
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ϼɣ¼ŮɫǿԼӣһʱ
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ҾѽȻ֪ˡ¿һԻϼӻͳдŵʵǴģ
壿ϼȻ֪¿еĴ˭æӹſ
ẓֻ́ܶɨһ۱е˼ԭ˴ķӰ͸Կס˵ţϼе裬תܽУһ˳߾ǴˣҴȥɡ
Ŷãллϼ¸ϼԺֻСݣϼһһ䡣߽УȴӾȻܸɾȻһŴһڹ֮⣬ûʲôĶȴһҳûУש̳ɵĵ涼Ǹɸɾ
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뿪ʱ䲢ɣôô©أ̲סʵ
ǰ˳磬ݶˣķӣҪݵġϼɫЩ˵
Ų֪ϼ˵Уϼûѣǿţϼ˵ôࡣΪֻһ˶ϼãʲôѣڵʱ򶼻ݶ©꣬Ҳϼ˵һ̵ʱ޺á
ϼĳЩ˵ѲھӵĹϵǾһԸŮ
ţúúһޡ
ôôɾأͻȻʵסӣҲӦ˸ɾŶԡ
ÿ춼ɨһ顣ϼ޽Щɢҵķ˿Ϊġ
ϼǰǲҲɨʵֻǽһĹϼִɨһ飬˵ʱҲûš
ǰһЩءϼЦЦֳɰľѡ
ڻ𣿡ϼģ֪ôڣ̲ס˳
ܺáµڲϼһ䷹ء
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һϼͻȻʲôƵģϵЦݽ£ʵĿ˷ôǮ
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µ˵ͷܣǷݵϰҪǮԱˣϼˣûбҪ˵ѵġ¿ϼĵģ˸Сѣ֪ϼǲĵġ
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ϼ֪𣿡ϼദЩǢˣűʳһֱʵ飬¾Ϊġ
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ϼ㻹иܵܣ󰡣æʵ
šܵܽʮꡣ
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ŵأûΣգֻҪɻ˾Ŀܡ
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Ŷһȥˣȷǡ˵ţϼ˳ȥ
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Ҷ˵½㣬Ժǵھˡ
šֻһû˵
⺢ôˣôһòҲûУϼЩ˵
ҳˡ£߽ԼС
ϼӣмǳԷߵңϼסߡ
⺢ӡϼ˵ЩʲôȴѾš
ϼЩ˼Ŀ˿ź£ܻܵС£Ǳ
ôأöˣл㻹أôأЦ˵
СȻϣСʱݴׯ̫ܵˣ̬ȸͲʲôֻǸо˺ܶίЩطһЩ¶̬Сʱš
ϼҳһбѾ
Ҫʲôʵ
©ķӣޡŻصȲֱһƾͰݶˡ
ߣľͷȥ²˵ʱţԼֽСݣڽ֮ʱֳɾ͸˺ܿ֡
µĻʱɵ
˵Уúÿ
ͻȻ˵ĻֻУǾԲõġ
⸽û


308 Ķʼģ
϶ҵһҲϼҵĺãɼҲһˡ
ҹȴŵƣƵĵƹ⣬һ˫ѩ׵ȡһ˫ؼȡ
һֲֻڵ˫ϡ
ӵһ˫ȵȻ϶Ȼ϶
ѩ׵ȽĲһֻһ˫ȣ϶˰ҹ
ȴ򿪣档
ҪӦһſԡ˵
ҴӦ㣬ǲҺϼϵ㶼˵˼ʮˣҺ֣Ϊʲôÿһκ˯㶼Ҫ˵һأ
˼ҳԴ𣬴кܶ˶˵ϼҲҷĵģֻҪϹˣ;Բϼ˵
Ҳϼġ϶˵㲻ŮʲôϼûҲһһȲ㡣
Һÿҿɸ㣬ҪҴϼ⣬Ҿ͸ţҪ治֪ҾҴ峤Ҫ峤Ҳ£Ҿȥϸ㡣
Ļ϶ɫЩˣǶһƦӣһֱڴϼ⣬ûѰϼˣӲҲˡ
㲻ΪʲôԼϼ뷨ȥԼţҪֻһҪͲϼȻԲù
ҲķİɣҲŮ˵Ķʼְɡ
϶оŮ˵ûܹһˣֻҪ룬ʱס塣
һ˶˵ֻҪԺӾͿܴѵٻ
Ǹ˵ںǰôֻҪԺ󰲰ֵַľͺá
ǸסڴͷĵңϼǮˣʵ̫ϲ˫ˡ
˶Ϊ֦ͷˣҲסڶǵͰСˣ˭ҲûϵȻһԥûеľ;ܾˣ˵һˣûλϵ˸źңҲܸ㣬ǰ˭˭˭˯ͺ˭˯
סڶ壬һҲûаᵽȥԸ
ԸֻһҸָˣжģҲģжʮģҲʮġͨԣЩΨһֻͬһǶϼ˼ڴϼ⡣
Щˣռ˺֤ܶݣϴµĶУиָķǲϼĹͣΪһ˫ؼȡ
Ҫһ㣬ܶڵõ֮󶼻òںǺܹ˫ȡϼлûСϹÿһ˶֪Ĳȥϼ⣬Լʲô£Ҳõ˫ȵˡˣڻһҲûʧܹ
ֻҪϹˣȥϼ
ܶ˶˵Ķʼ̫أܶ˶һ㶼ں
˵֤Լϼ֮ϵġû֪ΪʲôҪϼȣеŮȻ࣬Ҳ١ϼȻϴеһˣûƯ·ҲûֵĽļͥбϼԲҲ٣кϼµģǸ˵۹⣬û̫Ĳ࣬ͬ˱óͬĿ
ƫƫ˭ȥܣϼϾԲһ顣
ȻûȥЩϹûϹģû⡣
϶߳ʱ컹û͵͵ϴҲһ׵飬֮˯ȻѵʱһȼŮףŮ£һǮ׬ʲôûУסڴ嶫ͷ֪ˡ
һбڻؼҵ·ϣϼǰǿ£ȴĿڳܣǰʱԼǶá
ôЩ֣ûҵϼʱ䶼ӦöŶԡڿɲǴ졣
ûͣסŲ·µʱֻ˵ļ
Ů˵ֿ죬ŪҪš
е˵ʵҲ˯ģǻû𡣡
Ů˵ûǶûˣǼ֧ǽûˣ˭֪ʲôʱ͵˰˭ס
е˵Ҳû뵽ľͷҲ
Ů˵ǻ룿ѵûп⸽һû𡣡
Ҫô
˵𣿡
ʣµĻûѾ˹ȥ˵ĻҲû̫ףЩһϵûСֻǿ˿Ǹӣϼҿһۣ˹ȥ
ⳳܵȻź£һݶˣֻ¶ˡ
һ߳һ߿Ǹ¶Ŵȵ߹ȥʱһ⣬µôʱڼôȥʲôأ
˭֪أҲǴӼǻؼҲ˵ء
ôؼңסһҹ¿ıӰţпܣͲһˡ⻰Уִ֪˵ζ±һϲ˵˻ˡǽ죬Ǽξ˵ΣһҲ֪ոռ˱Լһ˵ۣ֪ҲںҲںô˵ٱġ
ϼҵ̴˴̣źҲֹͣ˶죬ʵʵĶ¡
Ӽ߳ȥһ
ѧ˵ѧҪǮģϼҲԣôѧأ˶š
ź¶ûϹѧݴׯ֮أвûԺʶֶԬ̵ģû뵽ﾹȻ˼ҵĺӶѧ
߹ʱϼ˳ɹԺе·ϼҵԺӲûԺǽֻһЩΧһդ͸դһ۾Ϳǰź¡
ףôô磿
ǰЦŴкǶһҹˡ
һҹô£ϼһ˵һɹ·ͷϴ·ʱżҵķ
ףأϼֹͣеĶ⸽éݶǼⶥģڵվţֻܿܵķܣܿļⶥϼʲôû
·£ϼ첽żȥ߽У̧ͷ죬ϼ֤ʵԼĲ²⣬æ˻磬½㣬ݶôûˣϼҳԷʱ򣬼˻䣬ź±ϼһ꣬˸㡣
̫ˡ̧ͷ˵
з𣿡ϼƵĿš
Уݶηء
˵ºݺݵŵԴȻű̻ʵ̻⸽ľǵȥŪ޷ˡ
˵ɸڴһƬ֣ľ㿳ҪǮġ
ɸڴģԶ˵Ǯ⣬Ǯ
ڱߣ˵ʮ·ءȻϼһҲûпǮӣҲû˵
ÿ˶
ϼԼʲôԼŬÿҪʱʱϴ·׬ǮǮճҪܵѧҪһ㣬һӦ˱ʮҲûɵ顣
жô࣬ϼȴκ˵İȡԼСұ΢
࣬ȴǿ


309 Ǯȭͷ
ɸڴһССһƬСС֡ɸڴ־˶
ԲʮھֻһƬ֣ɸڴƬСҪȽֵǮ
ֵǮĶȻǸ˵ģɸڴġɸڴÿ궼һЩľÿֶһЩΪƬܹһֱӵȥɸڴÿֻƬֵʮ֮һǱ֤ľٵ󿳷ˣܹάһƽ⡣ÿٶһ㣬ûС󣬴ͻᱻˡ
źɸڴʱ򣬴нʮ֮һ⡣峤նĸţ˵ݶľͷҲ
ҿԶǮ˵
ǮҲУÿ궼кܶҪǮҪˣƬûˡ
ҿԸǶǮŻǲġ
峤˿ţ˵Ļ𣿡
ȴգգۣͻȻ峤˵ӵ𣿡
峤ͷ
ǮҪôأʡ
Ȼȫƽ䡣Ǵһ1522ˣһ1522
ŶͻȻս峤С˵峤ҪǣҿԶ30ңֻһˡ
ţ峤۾𣬡Ǯأ
Ǯ㣬ȱ˶ļǮ
һ롣峤˵ն˼һӵݶĿˣҲǲԡֻĿҲҪĸңǿв
ŵĿҪ䷿ݶľģҲֻӶҪľͷġź״ֻ򼸿Ū֮Ǻǰһһη͵©Ȼ峤ô̰ƣȻҪһˡ
䷿ȫľͷݶ峤һæҡͷвУ϶У䷿ӵݶҲҪʮ
峤ǿٶǮģҪٶʮôǮ㣬󵥶һپҡ
峤촽ĭóͦ涯ˡȴûдӦ£Ǽ˵УɸڴֵܼҵķӽΪûľͷûϣôɱҲɡ
ɸڴĴ峤òáµӻ˵𣿡
峤ʹĻԴֵǵصһԣֻǴ壬ڸû˸ǣҪǴӦǽݵľˡ
ô峤Ļ²ֻûʧһ˫۾ðӨӨĹокҪˡæŴ峤˵ǲֻҪǸʲôֵͬ⣬Ϳˣ
峤룬˵ǲͬġΪǸļǮȻ٣Ƿֵ˵оͲˡһ˵ҵݣ˭Ҳ˵ʲôǶ˾Ͳˡ
˼ͬˣĴҲͬⰡ˵
峤ҡҡͷԴˣ޼ֵͬˣ˾ǲͬҲ˵ʲôġ
Ǿʹȥֵܰɡ
ǣ峤۾󣬡˿ɲȥ˺ܿʲôҲûͱһٰ
ûϵʹȥɡ˵
Ǻðɡ峤֣ͦҲû˵ʲôת·޼ȥҲϣܰȥһپҶ˵ɲһС֡
£ô죿һߣһ˵
ʲôô죬¡۾˵
ֻɣǱ̫ҡ˰ɡ
ʲô鷳鷳ôµţ⵨ôԽԽСأ
죬Ҳɡֻȵɣκñ̻Ҳ뷢ʲô⣬ʱɴˡֻһƽһϼסһ꣬ǱҪʲô鶼Ҫܡ
û˵ĿţԭΪ̻ģ̻Ҳһѹ̻ڻڻ֮ء
ģǲ¡˶٣ֵǲǣôͬأ
ЦЦܼ򵥰Ը峤Ըǣǻ᲻ͬ⣿
ŶˣҰͿˡ
߳ʮӵ·̣㵽ֵܼҡ
峤ָ仹ƾɵķݵˣԼȥ峤ǲȥ˵ģϼĴ峤ͬϼĴ峤Ǵһԣû˸Ҳ˳˼ɸڴĴ峤ԶԶû̶ֳȡ
ţԼȥ峤ţһͺá
һ˵һߴ߽ԺӣŷںšǰŶûãֱƿž˽ȥ
峤͵͵һаôȥҲǵðһ᲻ɡ
У±㿴ڳԷֵܣûֵܿڣ±Ҫʮ峤˵ͬС
µĻֵܷ·վ뷢ȴͻȻͳʮ龧ϣֻҪͬ⣬Ǯǵˡ
ֵܿϵľңʱǲûȥãһ뿴¡
һ־ӳʮҵˣϵǮ
ֵУζʯͷģľͷһüǮɸڴȻһƬ֣еΪ˶Ǯȴʯͷġ
ö֮һַס
УӻһЩ̣ӣʯնѡ
ֵкε̰֮ɫףЦһ̧ȱʯȥ
ֻáۡһ죬ʯʱ飬Ǳ߳һʯۡ
ֵǰͻȻһȵʱԭأɫϱ任ȫԿûк徳ľ磬߲һȡȻǵصһԣҲ⸽ļӶѡֻӵػޣ徳ûдﵽء
ⷽԲʮڣҲֻϼмܹػޣﵽ徳˵Ҳûмֵȥϼ塣
ڿٴﵽ徳ǿߣǻĸҷ
ֻʮûб˼¼˱ס˵ͬⲻ
һҭ˵ͬ⣬ʲôС
Ǻáָָʮţñ֤û˷ԣ𣿡
Ǯǣ㶣̲סʵ
ǣҪľͷͼȥ𣿡
ܣұֲ֤˵
Ǻãǵ͵ϼϼҡһ˵һ˳ȥ
Ÿ˵
ǲаЦЦ
ⲻ㶯ֻ塣ûдǣҲǺޡ
һ˵һ߳Ժӣ峤ϸĴźһһ¶ûУɴ֣ôȥû¶
ʲô£˵ѾӦˣ˵Ը͵˵ţ´ŵĽָóһöҵݸ峤¾鷳ˣˡ
ûȴ峤Ӧź±Ŵȥ
뿪ɸڴ壬ϼʱź¿һƬĲУװʲô
⺢ڸºʵ
֪ӦѧôҲЩֵ˵


310 שͷ
֪Ϊʲôڴͷź£ֻǺװһĶˡûУŴȥ
ҪװʲôƵ
ȥһ˵ţһոնŵĵطһõשʲôûС
ţװשͷ㶣שͷʲôǿԴһܳѪ
Ҫͱ˴ܣҪҪȥµоһ˿˷ܡҲ֪ʱôˣһ˵ܾͻ˷ܡ
ŰҪչȥ·ǳΪڶСħŮɣҲһ컹ܸǹء
ǵȥȥû̲ס˵
ȥô˵ҲϼĵܵܣڶھˣҪΣǵȻҪһˡ
ǿߡ˵ţžܡ
ݣػҵĲÿһﵽĺӶӦõݾѧʶ֡ȻĳԲ𷹵˼ҵĺӳ⡣
ݲװѧÿ¶Ҫһķãһƶ˼˵ûһС֡
ÿÿˡ
첻ˡ
ѧ˵ȫΪһý㣬Ȼȴһÿ춼ڲͣæµš
ϼ帽ӵĺӶһ飬ݾӵм䡣
ϼأһֱߵҽһﴦͣĴǻĲݣֻһѧĺӲȳС
ӲݼС
ͻأСԣվһ£Ӽժ£һֻץţһֻȴ
硣
ԶˣǶǺĺӣǰ˱ҪһЩӦʮ䡣
ӺܿߵǰǸǰ֮һ˵ϣСӻˣôܲ𣿡
˵ֻǺݺݵĵǰˡ
Ǹһ£Ƶĺʲôģֱһ󻵵ȻôڸˮǵĴţ
ǲ˵ֻֻץȴ߬øһֻֻУʲô仯
һѣƵ˿ϣ費Ǽʲô˶ô˵ģ˵ҰˣȻΪʲôڼң
ݺݵĵǰˣڿں裡
һֱͻȻȻ߬һשͷ𣬺ݺ£һשͷʵʵ֮ǰĺͷϡ
ĵúã֪ʱﵽϵ´
СǷˡæסµ죬ٷ
ôôܲأ
еĺӶֻȴû˹˵̧ͷһۡ
ǶھĿûִ֣ͣͳһשͷһǰӵͷϡ
Ѫ˳ͷϣִ·ϡǺĵȥ
ٴóשͷשͷָµ˵˵ѽǲǶ˵𣿲ǻҽ𣿲Ҫ˵ҽҲôܹѧأ
״Ʒ񣬴ʱȫʧȥǣ裬Ժ˭Ҫٸ˵ҽһ仵Ҿ˭
ͽϼΪѹ꣬µʱ򣬱Ǻͽһÿ»һε裬һҲ롣УҲֻнһˡ˵˵ְ̣ǾԲ˵ԼĽ㡣
ǰҲû˵ϼʱϼСɡһʱ䣬ʼ˵ϼĻո֣ȫΪ˵Լ裬öԷ˵Ļ
һ侲ĺӣҲֻʮ꣬ڴ˺еǷǱŶԷѪһʧ
Ļңƿڴ
һҲûǰӣתܣһɢ
ûȥڵϵĺӣû˸ҡ
еĺӶԶȥһƨڵϣס˫ȣϥϣͻȻޡ
֪˶೤ʱ䣬оԼļתͷ㿴컹ԼԷոհˡ
ٲġָָŵǸӡ
˲ϵˮƵĿţ֪ô֮ǰµ󺰣ˣʱҲûʲôǸʱ˵ЩֻŰǰҪ˵㻵ĵ
ʹ޹Ҳ࣬ǲ֪仰ʲô˼ѵҪԼ
ҲûҪڵϵĺӣʷ֣ҲϼˣҲסڶ壬꣬ȴ۸ոն˵ЩǲӦôĿ˵ġͬΪˣܹѧҲһһ׵顣
ôԭֻһͬΪԺĺУʷЩӵĹʹͽЩǮĺӣ˲ƴΪЩĺӸˡ벻ôԭûпʷЩ庢ϵõʲôô˾֡
ʷ֣ȺЩĺӻޡ
ż˵˵ˣȻ㻹ǸӣҲҪؽεġ
ǲ˵
㱻ؽˣĵġ
ɫˣһܵʷֵߣҪô
ʷֻûͷϵѪҲѲ֪ŸղˮԪŪһɫ֣ȻûһҶӣҪסʷֵǴ⡣
ֻǲñ֪һ㣬ֻƽƽϼһ꣬Ҫʷ֡Ͼ˵˵ҲӦŶԡ
ŴǬָͳһѵıҩܼ֮࣬򵥣ҩ
æнӹʼʷְİļͥƽʱ˿ȥҴͨԼ
Ϻֵ֪֪ᷢʲô
˵ͷε˵ʷֵĸĸҰǶӴһҪһǮ
ǻ᲻أʵ
ҡͷᣬܴһپͲǮǾˡ˶٣úС˵ֺ˽ˣҪ֪ѧͱ˴ܣһĵġǮ㲻֪Ҫϴټ·С
˵ˣ۽ӿۡ
ҿ԰飬Ҳᱻϼ֪ͻȻ˵
ţôһڴĿ¡
ͲùˣҸطٽ㡣
˵ͷ漴͵ҡͷУ˵ԼҪԼ˵ġ
㶣ϼǾǿڽˣ𣿡
ͷ
¼˵ҪǲǷ˵飬Ժʲô飬ҪȿǿǺϾ㲻һ˻š
ˣллǣ½㣬硣˵
ٴ̧ͷˣڲٱ䡣
ȥɣˣӦʷֵļ˰ɡ¿ԶӰ˵


311
ʮĴˣһһŮźڵĵطǵ󻹸żӣǸոձܵļЩԶԶĶں治ҹһһŮȴֱߵ¡
߹ŮӾͿ˵ڵϵʷ֡
֣Ů˴һһ˵ʷ߱㺿
ɣŮʷֵĸףȻʷֵĸס
˵ߣȴԣźµ˭ô
ھӡ˵
أǲҶӣüͷ˵ϴ·ڴֲڵ΢΢ıܹһǮˣһܲס
һļһ߹ʷֱˡȴѯʣ˵ʮЩӡ
ǼӶˣ˺˻˵Ļ
Ȼʷ⡣Լĸμ˿ӣҲ̫Ľ庢ӵƶ˳衣
ʷֵͬΪģƶɱɳܡ
ŵ˵ͷӣĶûΣգְ˰ˡ
ʷֵĸ׽ʷ⡣
أʷ˵ôӦҶҽҩѰɣûǮơ
ŵ˵ͷӦãȻҲ
ʲô˼ʷĿšһʹ޵ʷֵҲͻȻֹסϸŵĶѿûΣգΨһľǶƵǮϼҵ״ԲԼá¾ɱϼҲδóǮ
Ȼ֪ϼһǮʮʱµһǮϼ壬Ҳֻ֪飬Žŵİ½ġ
ΪԼýóǮġȻ֪ǵǮΪʲôһ·
һܣֻ֪Ǹʲôֻ֪һҪǮɵܡ
ڣھԶһƬĲУźʷ˵
˵Ҿǵ︶ҽҩѵģ֪ҪǮ
Ӧõʮͭɡʷԥһ˵˵ֻԴӦòôǮģʮͭӦùˣʷҲȷʵûʲô£ʱѾѣڵϿŰְֺ˵ء
Ҫ20ͭ壬Ϊʷ뵽һ⡣ԲϼˣΪʲôϼھأΪʲôҪΪǮʷ֪У𰸾ֻһڴϼ⡣
ȻˣȻҪҪǮˡ
ŵ˵ͷҿԸһٸͭ壬ҪӦһ飬𣿡
һٸͭ壿ʷһΪԷһܹӦԼҪû뵽ԷȻԼһ
ҴӦˣʲô˵ûʷ˵ӱæӵһٸͭ壬Ǽ˵ԲһСĿǿܹܴѵġ
ӵ飬Ҫϼ
ô򵥣ʷɻĿš
ô򵥡ŵͷ˵
ʷɻԭܼ򵥣϶ڴϼ⣬Ϊʲôֲϼ֪أϼ֪ǻмŶˣϼҲܱ˵İôһҪȺùϵôڲ֡
뵽ˣʷȻܾˣ˵ɹܲôࡣ
ãҴӦһϼ˵
ţллͳһöͭݸʷ⡣
ʷӹӺͶ˻ȥһֱҲûлվߵ£ΪѾ˵ϼھһá
һֱȼԶŲ˵ɣ
ԶĲݴϤϤһ춯˳磬½㣬Ǯҳһỹǵġ
ЦðʱҪǲҾҪ˶٣ֵһȥ𣿡
æҡͷأҵûȥϿˣҪôȥͱ㷢ˡ
ŶȥɡŻ˻֣ϼȥ
ո˵ϼñ˰ǸŪݶ᲻᲻ͬأڻȥ·ϣͻȻ뵽⡣
ܡŵͷ˵
ô죿üͷ˵ϼڹӣͺСʱ࣬Ƕϼһ㡣
ͷɵúúһˡ
ϼҪĲͬ⣬ʲô취أ
һֱߵϼڣͻȻԼԴˣ
һһһؿڵѽˡ뵽ϼͬİ취ˣ
ͬİ취ҵû뵽뵽һ
ʲô
ŵܼ򵥣˵ԿһҹʱŪݶֻҪϼú˯һͿˣʱٲͬҲûа취ˣϼܲǰݶٲɡ
գգ۵ҪǲҲУǿԵϡˣȵʱǸʲôֵϵʱϼʲôҲ֪ˡ
õġЦӦ

ҹɫ
ֵֺܱŻҪżǰľģ˾Ȼҹ͵ϼǰһֱµź£ǻûнʱ֪ˣǸո߳ɸڴʱѾ֪
֮ǰ½һϼҵӣʱű֤ǽҲ˯
ֵּܿţ÷Ըʮľжҹ˻ȥᡣ
Ͷźµıˣһž߷ϼҵݶǱֵľֽһǱʲô״ͱʲô״
˵ǿ£컹ûʱո½ʵȫľݶ㽨ˡ
ȥϼҵһˣȻŻصԼӡ

ϼܵͻȻӺЩһϸ˿ܣȴûзʲô仯
ôأϼϸŲһĵطǴʲôʱʼָоأ
ڷõʱϼԼո۾ʱĸо
ո۾ʲôȻݶֻǸʱЩѣûзӦô¡
뵽ˣϼæ̧ͷϿȥ
ѽݶôˣϼеһڵϡæܵ棬Ƿܺͼⶥ
ˣˡ
ϼæܻҡܵܣǼҵݶôˣ
ʲôݶôء۾ݶȥһʱ˺óʱŷӦ㣬Ǽ𣿡
ǰҸոջȥء˵⣬ϼһ㶣ͻȻ𣬺ĲֻԼһҡ
ϼٴ˳ȥڵӣǵҲˡϼ˵
㣬⵽ô£Ҳ˳վԺмĽæʵ
ȳԷ극ѧ֪ô¡
ʱҲżҵݶʲôû˵ֻǵ˵ͷصӳԷ
ϼȴżȥ


312 Ŀ
ϼÿŵļţֱӱ˵磬½㣬ллˣݶǮһỹǵġٲϲ˵İ£ϼҲûа취ģֻǾԼŬ׬ǮȻǮš
ȻϼѾһǮǮԶԶǱǮҲóһǮ
ʲôݶ¿ϼ飬ʱװ֪ôµʵִµļƲߣϡ
ϼ½㣬ȻҲ֪ôģ֪ģȻΪʲôҵݶµģоԲб顣
ϼˣ룬Һ͸ˣôһҹʱôأ
Ҳ룬֪ľ͹ˡϼ˵
գգû˵ΪϼѾ˳ȥȥҼҳԷɣҷˡ߳źϼͻȻ˵
ððºæ˳ϼңѾ극ˣѾߵſҪȥѧģźˣ۾ͻȻһæת˻æŸźʢһһ磬½Ľиͣ
ӣϼЩˣ컹ھһӣһ仰˵ôˣ
ϼȻԼĵܵһϲ˵ˣԼҲûôǴҲûз鰡ô˸Լʢûиڶʢء
һֻϼȵķ֣źһС˵Żʲôʱй׽ľٶˣ
ϼȻû˵Сӵﲻװשͷɣ
˵ǣأҿԺѧϰǰѧء춼εġ
ϼֹֻһŵܵܵԴСӣѧȥһٵˡ
Դûһ˷ܵˡ
ܵôˣϼ۾ɵϴôЩ꣬ҲûпӵֻǵãܵܵһֱһĨ޷ڵĳ
ϼͻȻоҸǿܵһҸַĵЦݵҸ
ϼǲӦøоܸˣΪʲôһ޵ĸо
᲻ľ˳ϼԼˣܺõھӡǰԼһͼûС
Ȼϼû߳ϼ壬ָбӡͬ顢ᱡ
ʱУһĽӴУϼ˸ĸ˼
ϼ֪ԼھӶԼûκͼǵֻ峺峺ûһ˿ʡ
ϼŸҷĵԷŸȥǼ
˷ӵ©֮źϼ尲żȥһϼ˼߳ӣҲ˽
ֻҪеʱ䣬ź¾ǻһЩˮԵħЩûôùԴӱ̻ԺһֱҲûпеʱ䣬ܳʱ䶼ûˡ
ѵõĻᣬȻŹץһʱ
ת۰µʱȥ˵ʵչȴܻͣں⾳˲ľ磬⾳㣬֮ǰеҪѡȥŹƣҪﵽ⾳ʮ㣬ҲҪʱ䣬һ֪⾳񾳣һʲôԿԽϰ
ЩҲûá
µʱ䣬ź²֪ϼ˽֪Ķ󣬸ǳ˴ڲ෹̸Ļ⡣
ǵ̸ۣȻʷֵĸĸ˵Ÿһٸͭ⳥ҽҩѵ顣ȻǲûΥԼ鲢ûиϼϼҲһֱ֪ͺٺʹ˽һеʱ䶼ϴ·˶ʱȥȡ⣬ϼҲȥ̸۹ʱȻתƻ⡣
˺ʷ뷨һΪڴϼ⡣ȴһ㣬˵鶼ûʲôϵֻһ෹ǲĻѡ
ӵˣֻһɾʲôԭ򣬴˶֪Բ˴ϼ⡣
ڴ˵Ĳ²ҲŲɡŵˣ֪žΪϼģһ־ϼ»ݶҲ֪ŻģϼɲôǮע⵽ǶûᾭȥϼԷϼңҲȥҲ֪ΪʲôԭǸ˭ԸȻΧתһжڴϼ⡣
һ㣬Բġ
ˣڰºһƻ裬żҵԺӡ
ʱ䣬ź¸ոϣȥϼԷѾϼ˵ãһ»ϼһЩǮΪʳѣϼǲͬģҪŵǮܹܸܵˣ˵Ѿ㹻ˡźһ첻ȥϼʱϼЭˡû취Լܵһ쿴ţ͵߶һȻҵҲдżܡһ¶һ˵ӣ֪ź²ԷԭΪ㲻ǵǮΪǽС˼ءȻҲû˵ĲǣҲ֪ԼûǸٶ๩ˡ
⣬Ҳźûϼܵԭ
Ȼǰˣڣźÿ춼ȥϼԷ
ƿţͿ׼ŵһµĴ磬·̵ȹӡ¶һ˫ѩ׵ȡ
ôҼҸʲôµɫʱһ˵ʵ
۴£ܿԷĲˣͶԼķУһҲ⡣۱Լ⣬ԼԼһˡ
ûµʻǶ˵ܺ㵥̸̸𣿡
ûҴӦתͷ˿ߵ£֪¶һøжûУԼҪǺȥ·Ƿ쭲ɡ
ߣҸʲôһɫҲʵѾãŮ˸ٲԼԼǴһٲɡ
ȴǻشˣȻ£黹ܶ˵
㡭ºݺݵĵȴͻȻ¶Цݣתͷŵȥɣ˼㣬˵ʲôأȥϼ㣬Ҫ
ţһ㶣벻ôͻȻı̬ȣûҶаⲻʲôıɣ
̲סŵͷС˵ŸʲôȥѽҾͲһ¶Ŵȵ˻ʲôҲŲء
ȻöͬˣǾ߰ɣ㲻ǺһСŮӰɣͻȻЦ˵
Ǿ߰ɡŵͷ²ˣȥʲôҲá
һǰһ߳żҵԺӣǰһֱ߳ϼ壬ߵһ˴ͣ
ת˵ǲڴϼ⣿
û˵ֻ㶵Ŀ벻ԷΪʲô˵Ļ
֪ǡ˵ֻҪϼͷҿ԰Լ͸㣬㿴ô
Żǲ˵
Ҳ⣬ǼȻϼܱҪÿôһ㣬ûһ˫ȡ˵ţǱͼ̵ȹʹһ˫ȫ¶ڿС
ѩף޳Եȱǰһ˫£Ҳһ˿϶ȡ
ؼһ˫ȡ
˵˫ȲֻÿйڴϣҸұ֤һٸϼҲȲһֻҪϼҾġ
۾ûкЩϹһ˫ȣǿ۾еһ˿ɬ
ĻУ˿ĿɬУſ˶ûпһ顣
ڱϼ˵


313 Ϸ
˵Ļ˽ס
ϼУе˶Ϊ˺ּ䣬ˮ
ڴ˵Уһ¼Ůˣһķӣһ׳աȻΪʲôҪԼϼȣܱȳʲôϼûг𣬾Уֻϼʲô˺
ҲѲںԼϼǮ̷ѧ֮ǰѾںܾǸ֮ں
ŵĻ˶ס
˺ܾãһǿѹЩ˵ôڱϼأϼ˶֪ϼ
ŶҲûм˵ȥôģһϵûСֻ˵ûб飬Ҿˡ˵ʱŴȥ
ŵıӰֳһ˿ΪϼԸ˫ȣû˵Լֻ֣˵Լȣ֪Լ˵ģΪˣΪȡ
ûлͷֻ˵ϼҸ磬УҲֻã㲻ҪĽס˶٣ּ𣬡Ұˡ
ŵĻȴһʱûзӦ仰˼֪ΪʲôңĵģȢϼģҲֹ˵Ҳ֪ԼΪʲô˵һ仰ֻһ˲䣬ͷ˶еĽ䱸
ȴһ仰Ҳû˵ֱ߻شУ߽ϼҵԺӡ
ѾڳԷô¶Цݡ֪ԼͲӦΪһŮ˳Դ׵ġڸ֮࣬һЩԼŵ÷Ϊʲô᲻أ
УԺԲٷ飬ʲôԼӦֹġûʶһ㣬νĳԴףǶԼ˲ģֻΪҲһŮ˶ѡֻҪаˣдģһ㲢Ҫµ˼һŵҲƲ޶˵Ĵ⡣
磬ǽ쿼ء߽˵˵
Ŷ˵ڼЦ⣬µʱ䣬ı仯ܴ˺˺ܶࡣ߹ţϴδʷ֮Ժûһ˸˵Ļˡ
ڶɡմմϲϼҲ¶ЦݡЦΪһóɼɼͺܺáϼˣΪմմϲıǰǴûгֹء
Դھһһ쿪ʡ
һ߸ʢһ˵εĿԿǸϿԵģǰԵõһֻػ޵ء
ŶЦһֻػޣʵĻűʵģػˣ˭᲻ϣԼӵһֻػأ
Ļϼɫȴ˱仯ΪʲôݻôˣԼôҲ˵Ҫ׿ڸɣԭοԲͨĿԣԭõһֻػ޵ǣԼܹһֻػ
˭֪˵Ļȴϼޡ
Ц˵Ȼһֻػˣֻػ޵ҲҪˣ˵һֻػ޵ܹϲǮء
ѷŵǰ˵ǮļƻͿʵˡˣ㣬ǮҪʲôӦҪϵ˰ɡ
תͷЦԼĽ㣬ֻһȴһ㣬ôˣ
ʱϼˮӣǰԼΪʲôҪأϼҲ֪ܵܵõһöػ޵ҪѵǮԼõĵܵܰĸʮĺӻܵ£ϼ֪ϼҲûеڶ
ǣԼΪʲôҪأ
ȴЩˣһСǵͨ죬㣬ƾԼõػ޵û˰ԺǹƽĽǰҰΪΪԼ˵İŵõػ޵Ż޵ġæֱ
֪ϼæϵۣ¶ЦݵǸ˲ſ޵ġ
㲻ˣҲЦ漴ͻȻ뵽һ⣬㣬ǰػ޵ˣҰǮ㲻ǰɡ֮˵½㲻ҪԼǮ
ϼЦͷСӣҵĵܵܣôǮҲҪأ
ź¶ЦĿŽˣǵѣиͲѣֻҪԼǬָз㶫Ըıһ
ź¶û˵Ҳû˵ʲôһΪ֪ϼԼİҲᡣΪÿһ˶ԼҪߵ·ÿһ·ͬȫ˶ıĵ·Լ·ܺƽ̹Уȴһȱ˺ֺܶᡣȱһ
ʱϼԽܣȻ࣬ȴǿֵġǵ˲ı䣬һ鶼ȥŬȥôĿ𣿼ңʲôֻ򼸼ô
ǣԲǡл̺һ飬ֻǽ֮ȫһ顣
ЦŶϼ˵㣬ܸøǮҪʲô˰ɣѾһˣÿ˯ǰ㶼Ǽʮͭһ飬ôҲûмϹÿһ˵ҪһȴҲ˵ҪʲôԼԸˣڸ֮࣬ȻҪڵһʱ֪Ըˡ
šϼĬƬ̣˵Ҫһ¡
£ʲôɴ۾ʵҲû˵һ
źҲ֪
˶ڿϼ
ֱϼЩ˼ˣֻõͷС˵¾贩·
贩·㣬Ҫ裿㶵ĿŽ㡣
ߣŮ˳ΪϷӡϷ¾Ĺ˹ΪŮһĽɫ
ϼܵܵĻæҡͷ˵ȻˣĻ谡Ҫ͸˵ġ
͸ˣס㣬ΪʲôҪأ
ϼۣ룬ңԶĻ֮У˵ǽʮǰӦԺҪΪһµġҴҲûмôÿ裬ǵʱ˵⻹ÿأֻд£Ż衣Ҿ˵ҳˣ͸һ¡
˵ϼӿˮǵʱ˵ĻͿˡ˵ûϲ裬˶ԣĸ׶˵ֻ㣬ϼֻ˵ÿֻ˵ҪΪ£֪𣿡ϼˮĸ࣬Ҳ֪ʱΪʲôҪޣ֪ˣΪû˻ῴһϷӣСʱԸͲ˽ܡһ˺ܶ࣬һ״ܶΣʱ˺ۡ
ϼ˵ܲᣬ˵ҳˣһһ¸
㣬ˣֻҪػ޵һ¡֪е˭ֻǲýޣýѹ
һʲôˣϼСʱһֱǵڣһʲôˣںСʱһŮ
裬ǲΪһ˫ȣͻȻʵ
ϼҡͷǣ裬ֻΪϲ
ϲһϷӣ
ǣֻϲ裬


314 ϼʧߵ
ߺԼڴվ˺ܾã˭Ҳ֪ʲôֱȫ͸ŻصԼС
صҺû˯ڶһȷһͬߵĵϣѹһʱȡȻʼ衣
ûֹͣһԼȣһҪͼϴҲҪڿһʱжҲΪˣȲ
СʱԼǸˣǸʱС֪ʲô衣ڻǵ˶˵ĵһ仰һ˫ȣһߡ
Ȼ˵˼ǽΪһ裬ϲˣ˽Լ衣Ȼʱ˾͸߹ǲصһְҵѡһߣҪʹ
ǺԥĴӦˡ
һ˲䣬ڽӴһ˲䣬֪Ҳ벻裬Լ
ϼסһ£һºͻȻ뿪˭Ҳ֪ȥ˭Ҳ֪ʲô֡֪
һµʱ䣬˺ܶණȻǹĶ֪һ·£רΪ·֪費ǹ˹͵ǲֻв˲Ż˵
裬һԱߵ˼룬ͷųߵ꣬չֳߵ
ȻЩҲֻж˲ŶҲֻ߲չֳ
ҪΪһߣһ׵飬ӵػ޵Ҫѡ
ӵһ˫ÿȱܳΪߣҪһߵġһܳĻûܹ⻰еĺ壬ֻӵߵĲܶ
˾˵ģǺ͡һû츳ߣô̿࣬ҲߵľĳɹҲֻóĿѡ
˻˵ֵߣͬʱӵһ˫ȣĶɼӵЩҲһΪܳߡҪΪһõߣضҪһʹ
ΪʲôҪʹأܲ˵˼
û̻شһֱߵʱ˵ߵ߾磬Ҫ˽磬˽ˡֻھ𣬱֮󣬲衣ЩҪʹġ
˵Щ㻹ᶮҲҲᶮǶˣѾõߡܴӿʹƵᡣ
ߺȻ˴ʹΪԼΨһ˲֧ԼһߡСûпĸףһֱǺ͸Ϊ֮ǰǸԺӣҲû׵Ը֮󣬸Ů˱Ħ
ײ裬ȴֶ裬޷԰Ρ
ǰһΣ˶ָָ㣬е˵СС;ѧŪɧе˵ܻҵŷ磬ȻҪһϷӣе˵ÿһһ
˶˵ųЦĻǶֻˣûп衣
ʱʧ䣬оԼѾ̮ǸʱҪԼûܹʱ飬һ߶İ˱޷⡣
ǸһСŮ֣Ҳˡ
ǵʱȺѾɢȥѾŴȥҪһԼĵطһСŮͻȻǰ
ҴҲûмôÿ衣СŮ˵
ֻһ仰ͷֻһ仰¶Цݣ⻹ÿأֻд£Ż衣Ů˵
ҳˣ͸һ£ʱһҪΪÿ衣
Ȼޡ
Ժûгֹͷ۸ôԣǶϾŮϵûΪһߵͷ
ֻǣûǰ衣һֱڣҲʮǰ顣ڵǣֻ֪һ˫ȣһû
Ѿܾûǰ飬ǽҹ˺ܶ࣬һҹʧˡ
ϼʧߵˣֻһϼҲû˯һ䡣
ϼ˵ûƲһϷӣ
Ҳ֪ҴҲûЩ˵·ʱһ㷴У˵ʱǷоʧˡ
ϼͷҲƲְҵ㲻֪жʮҶûǹҪסԶҪƲ˵ְҵϴ·ܶ˶Ʋ𣬿ǽûʲôҲû֣ҲûκˡϱͲ¼Ĺ¼ֻ˶ѡ
㣬ҶˡصĵͷϷ֮ԱƲΪ¡ǹȥ裬һ˻˵֣Ϊϡ
ϼŵܵܣ˼˰Σ˵ĻҲˣ˵
㣬˵ʲôءϼĸ첲ȻͻȻʲô㣬Ժػ޵ңǾȥϼˣһ¡
šϼֳĹâֻǲ֪ϼû
Ҳ֪ûϵǿ½һȥǴˣһ֪ġ
šϼ˵˵һûȥϼأ˵أԿ壬֪ķݿôˣڴһȾˡ
ҲֳЦݵһҪһƯ·ȥķݴһ١
·ʲôкܶ·ءһ˵ҪԼ·ϼæ۵˵
֪Ǯȴû˵ϷݳԷҲҪǮΪǴķݣô׬ǮϼŲأҳԷԼһ˵飬ܵҲҪԵϼˣֻԼˡΪ˻ٶǮҲԸ⣬ԼԷϼһҲۣż֣ǾԲǮġ
УһҪһƯ·һûи·ء
ܶ˺ͬ˷ܵû˯
һҹʧߣΪ˷ܣʧ䡣
ǴеǮ̷ѧԴ⵽ܾ֮;ʧߡ
̷ѧԼҵĴϣһ仰Ҳ˵һҲ̷ѧһˣֻꡣӵһֻػޣһͷƽ𻢣Ҵﵽ˺徳Ǹ˶Ľһ飬Ǵ峤࿴
̷ѧĺ˧ټǮʵһʲôĶһѵ顣
ֻϲ
ʮǰûп衣
֪һ飬֪ʹʮȾЩҪҲеĿɬϲʵԼ˵һ˫ȣϲˡ
֮Զ˵ϲȣΪ̷ѧΪпܼ޸Լ˵Լжϲˣš
˭ϲһˮˣ˭ϲһҹҹ벻ͬϴˣ
̷ѧҲ֪ԼΪʲôϲһŮˣѵֻΪǴοڴһ˿
һҪȥϼ£û뵽һڴʹޣûиǰȥҲûзֻǴԺ̷ѧбӰӣ֮ȥ
ҲǴԺʼעſеһ˿ɬ
̷ѧ֣ʵҲǹעԼģԼҲͿ˲ͬһȥϼ˱ˣԼ̷ѧܸоеĵĺǣңȻʲôҲû˵̷ѧȴ˷ܵһҹû˯
ΪϲԼ˭֪ȴܾ
Ҫܵõģ̷ѧૡ
һҹźҲû˯ֻҪʱ䣬Ƕ
һҹʲôʲôûзҹǻȥ
峿߸˵ıȥѧԼĽ㺰Ժͻᷢػ޵Ȼ󻹷٣ȻǾȥϼ򡣡


315 ȥϼ
ոճ극ûСʱźԺͻȻŲű۵˵ĹΡ
һߵȥţȴһ˷ܵվ⡣
СӣôûȥѧԴһƣȻһǲϼŻġ
ҵķ˿ûһգ˷ܵĵ½㣬Ժż٣ҵػ޵ˡһ˵һߴСóһöɫػ޵
Ө͸󡣡㣬ܿʲôػ޵𣿡ڴʵ
Сӣѵ˰һƺ˸ոձĲ졣æùöػ޵ϵ˵࣬¡
ɫһ仯Сĸͨͨסʵ̲ס㣬㰡ҪŪ˿ɾˡ
ûģػ޵ô뵱ҡ˵æסڣʹԼаûԼػ˵ôϼô죬˺Щɵأ
һûµĻʲôʱֻԼػ޵ûлشԼæٴʵ㣬㵽ܲܿʲôػ޵ĵƽƵģûпǻƽ𻢵ĵأ
ͷеĵðβŵǣҼǵûƽ𻢵ĵǻɫġ
ʲôһǻƽ𻢣ֳһʧ䣬Ϊڻ·ϣһֱΪԼܿǻƽ𻢵ĵأͿһüǮˡ
ǷǵĵŵͻȻ󴫳Ҫ֪ſȫס˸µػͼף˵ͨػ޵ˣнħޣ߽ħ޵ĵҲпġ
ǰֳһ˿ʧ䣬漴˷ǵĵҲǲģ磬ǷǵĵֵǮ
ҡҡͷҲֻ֪Ҫػ޵ҲֵҰɣôҲñֵǮɡ
Ұзâٶ£·ķӦö˰ɣԣӦûʣܶǮͲôˡǺǣǺǡﵽ棬̲סɵЦ⺢ӻҲûпء
ӣźҲ¶Цݣµʱ䣬һˡ
磬½㣬һҺͽȥϼɣҺͽ㻹ûȥءҲ֪Ҫػ޵£ķҲ֪
ðһҪȥʱ˷ʲôʱߣ
߰ɡһ´Ӧ˵Ĵ¾ܣûȵұ㣬ǿߣ½Ӧȥˡ
ϼæӼ˳һ˲µĸɾ·ϼõһ·ˣȻ·ĲһֻǰһŵҲֻдϣܹһŮ˴·
֪ϼ׼ģǰɴûпϼ·ȥϼ˵һܴ顣Ҳѹ֣ϼҲûȥʮϡ
һʮŮǴӴС۵ĲȻԼü·ֻһСеķ羰û
˼򵥵֪ǿɱҸ
ǸӦֻо򵥵˲˵õİɡϼ˵Ļ
ĸ˸߸˵ȥϼ·ϣϼʱ¸⣬ϼЩʲôϵòֵصģֵصҪôҲ˼ϴ·
ͣĸֻͣǶЩҲͲףȻȥٵط»Ͳ֪Щ顣Ѿкܶ꣬ûΪǮ鷢ˡ
һ·ȴûô˵һֱ˺ܾãֹͣԼ⣬̲סŵ磬ôһֱҲ˵أ
ŵһ⡣
Ŷʲô⣿һʵ
룬Ӧðָǡ
֣ס磬Һͽ֪˰
ҡͷ¶Ǽ֡
ϼһĿš
ΪʲôҪǼأϼɫЩˡȻֻʶ̶̵İ£ϼѰźµԼˡ˵ǸԼľȻǼٵ֣ϼͻȻһֺܲĸоһʧ䡣
ҽš¡ǶӦ˵ҵ֣ҲӦ֪ΪʲôҪüٵˡ
ţ㶣漴㷴ӦػͨţȨͨŵʱ򣬲ֻڸǳ֮񣬱ǴҲС
ŵͷӦ֪ΪʲôҪüˡ
ϼͷֻƬ̱㷴Ӧٴ¶ЦݣʲôϵأֻҪ֪Ǻ˾ˣػͨѾȡˡ
ԣǺˣҲŲʲôͨͨء˵
ŴЦãںͺãһ˵ǾͲҸء
ôأҪŸ磬½ˡ
š¸˵ͷǿߣȡ֮ǰϼ򡣡
ûʱʱ
ϼͷ󺹵˲ϼ
ְôô˵ģϼȵĽе
һͷתⷿƯ¥ȴ峤ҵĻء
ֵôɾ·ʲôôûУ
̯Ľһ㿴ȥ
ʲôһСɵĿʵ
Ƿǿͷõġ̷˵
ͷϣʲôãϼʵ
̷㶣һŵϺŮӸƯ
ôأܱ𣿡
̷ˣܶӴϵˣҲܶһģҲûмһʮĴʳġ
⺢ǰôİ
㣬ػ޵ǮǾýøÿ
ҲҪֲܳԡϼתߡ
һֱ䵽ģŵȥģǲȥķݳԷ
ϼ۾ͬʱһǶЩˡȴûͬ⣬˵ǻȰػ޵˰ɣȻûǮԷġ
ķݳԷҲҪǮ
šϼ˵ͷ忪ҲҪǮѽô԰׳԰׺ء
ϼЩҪһģСͷ
ϼЦЦȴûۣǵŸ磬ȥػ޵ĵطɡ
ţðɡЦ
Ҫػ޵أȻҲ֪۹ĴѰ˴һ£һȴһϤӰ
ŴϲæŲԶӰԸ磡Ը磡
ŻںŮĴй䣬ԴӸԼձѺŻȷʵѧˡµʱһҲûдһЩ飬ǰ죬һŮѣŻԸоܺáձҪˡ
ʱǣŮѵ̵֣ĿֵȺ
ڽлԸ磬Ż˵Ǻһ顣ڲϼ򣬼е˶ʶԸҲԲ١
ŻЦеתҪкڿкԼǸʱϵЦһʧͻȻס


316 ·
ŻԣôˣŻԵŮѼŻ죬æĸ첲ʵ
ûûʲôŻԲ˲ͷĺˮǿ˵
룬ŻֵСѩȻؼҰɣѽҰ¡
Ҳȥ𣿡Сѩʵ
Żҡͷ㲻ȥ֮顣
Сѩɴ۾ŻԵǲҪȥŮˣ
ʲôŮ˰ؼҰɡŻԵҪңڵĻԸѾǰүˡοǰүҲûҹŮˡŻԸ˵Ҳһ㣬ΨһĽˡںܶŻƵĹӸ˵һȴŻı
ܶ˶ΪһֻһŮһֱǰ׻ϡĳ
Сѩһ˿⣬û˵һ仰תȥߵʱϴЦݡ
Сѩˣźȴ˹ŻԵļ磬Ը磬ܲԸ⿴Ұ
أ㵹ҲûʲôֻǺ¿λ̰Ż˵Ȼ£һھԴ棬Ųûгֻ֣°ŻԺöġŻȻǺ¿ˡ
ŻԣҰЦеľ֣ǼƣҪˡ
ŻϺĸ࣬æ˰ԴϴߺҿҲûչѣһ㻵ҲûңҾԩˡ
µ֣ȻŻ˵Ը磬£ǿɲģ顣
ĲҵģŻأЩŵʵɲΪƾ˵ʵԼʲô¡
Ȼˣѵǻƭ㲻ɣ˵ɡµ۾˵
һװͰ͵ӣŻһ亹æȻ죬ҸҲ𣿹̣˵ʲô¶ɣֻҪǲϼ飬ûҰ첻ɵġ
Ǻãҵܵһֻػ޵Ҫǲ֪Ӧȥȥػ޵ĵطͿˡ
£Ż㶵Ŀ¡
ôһۡ
ûôˡһΪöѵ¶أģ¶ˣҪǮҾ͸ǮŻԼΣȥʱظ֤
ŻԺµĶԻϼ类ĴסˣŻǼƣҲܸоͦݵһˣû뵽¾èһ룬½ѽ
ں˼ŵʱͻȻŻԵĻϼæ͵͵µ½ǣС˵½㣬ǲҪҪǮֻҪȥػ޵ĵطͺˡ
ţǺðɣһСҪһǧҵġ
һûεڵϣ½⻰Ҳ̫ˡ
תŻ˵Żԣʹ·ͿˣĶܡ
߷˼˵ɶɶ
ŻԴת֣һĵǰŻԵػ޵̣Ҫǽȥ϶ǮҪȻչ
Ŷվǰɡ˵
ĲҽȥչļǮҪǵļǮ˵ġŻԾãԼӦúúñ֣˳ˣٿʱͲԼˡ
ˣǾͰɡû¿ڣϼæӵ
µ˵ͷתŻԵŻǣҪǱֺˣԺҾͲˡ
ŻʹӦš
ЦЦû뵽Ż³Ҫվһ죬ŻԺܿһ¶ҡ
߽УֻһƣҲϰ塣ֻһ̨ڷżʮػ޵
ﲻֻչһػ޵
ŵ˽ǻֻ̧ͷһۣһ仰û˵ΣϼӦֻһչػ޵̬ȡ
ϰ壬Ҫһֻػ޵Է˵ֻſ˵
ŶʲôƵ˵
ǡ
˵ʱѰѵ˳Сŵݸ̨Ļơ
ǻƽӹֻɨһۣͷûǷǵĵ
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ʮҡһ˵һߴӹ̨óһӣֵݸԼǸػ޵ļ۸ۣ㲻ҪѹǮӣҵ̵ΪǶҾӪѹǮ
ţſ˿ǸӣȻػ޵ļ۸дװס
ɡŵͷ˵
š˵ĵͷʮңѾԼԤ룬Ϊֻء
ʮ߳ŻԹȻʵʵĻվһûж£æ̰Ҫʲô
ͷתϼȥģȥķݻȥ£
ϼ룬ȥ°ɣҲ֪ҪǮʣǮȥǡ
áٴתͷŻԵȥµĵط
£Ż㶡
ô㲻֪ʲô£ʵ
ŻԵҲ֪µġ
ʲôһձѵСͷ߲֪µģ²ŵʵ
̣Ҷ˵ˣԴϴߺҾûչˣ˵ʹҵȡ
ãûգǰչɣô᲻֪µĵطأ
ҴҲûпµİŻһƣɣȥ·ĵ̿ɣҲ·һ֣Ӧеİɡ
еǿߡ
ҴȥϼõһҲֻ꣬Ҫǲϼе·һСŻһ˵һǰȥû߶Զ㵽һר·ĵ̡һŻûе⣬ǵһӡ
ϰ壬¶óûȿˣŻԱĺ
ŻԵĻ֪ܳһˣԸãȺŻԴ˸кȻŵ£û°
ûУŻ¶һ˿죬ģ
˵ϼûµģõˮǲ򵽡
ʱ߽ϼϰĻ㶣û뵽ﾹȻûġһŷӦæʵϰ壬һҪǮأ
ϰ룬²ۼģףһµļ۸Ƕʮҡ
ʮңô󣿡е˶һ
ǰϰ˴֣Ϊ̫ˣڲϼûģһСҪһµġǱˣͽˡ
ϼϰ˵ʱŻѾڵתʱŻͻȻϰ壬ⲻĸƭҡ
ŵæŻԿȥȴŻһ·߹·ΪޣŴ̵ɫ
ſϷӵָ裬ľ·
ۿϰ壬뿴ƭĵͷҪô͡һҲŻԣŻԲû˵ǮҲձѵġ
ϰɫȴһ仯ûУֻ˵Ը磬Ūˣⲻ¡
£㵱ɵӰⲻʲôŻĺ
·
·𣿡ϼʣУһֱΪ·¡Ϊ˵ֻд²裬·ʲô


317 ĵһٷ
·˴ġ²·ֻ߲ܴ·ϰĽͺܼ򵥣򵥵е˶ÿһ˶㶵Ŀϰ塣
ϰ˵ʵҲⶼµ˵ġ
ʱһܹϰĻΪߺˣȻͬĸº·ȻҲͬǲڽͷյġҲΪǮġ
֣һΪ裬һΪ֮˶衣һ֣Ǵ·ͨ·µءʡʽΪа˿϶Сǵ裬ݲð
ߣΪΪ裬һʡ
ȻЩźϼ˶գϼȴûǼ·ΪӦģһ¡
̣߳ÿ˵鶼Щ䣬һ·˭Ҳû˵ϼȷӦûϵģȻһһ£ҿԼǮһ죬һһ͸ġ
˻ǲ˵ϼȥķݰɡ
ǰûʲôġ˵ѧˣͿǮˣܿǾͻһµġ
ûʲôſŽˣͻȻЦ
šܶͬʱͷʱǵûһʧ䣬ǳ˼ᶨ
ݴ׺ʻЦݲֻʣݲ
ܣµĲݣȻûʻޣȴݰļͣ紵Ϣ
ŴЦãȥҳԷ
񷹹ݡ
ٴȴⷹѾ֡ڽô죬ѹ˷ٵʱ䣬һҲûСһϣˣˣȾơ
һһǳʦӣµʱ䣬ǳֵܣǲʶ˿ǵӣԲ뵽һһϰ塣
壬췹һŮӵͻȻ
תͷͿź£ϼ
æվжЦ⡣ȥˣеƲ˶ó
߷ʶź£̵ʱ򣬱źġ
ȻӲʶӣǿʱеĹذҲ֪ˡһӲ˿ʹ˻
˸ˣɽ亣ζУɫζȫһҲȾԴݵĲһӵĳʦȫھԴ׳ʵڻһССķ
ÿ˶ÿ˵ʱǿ󲻵á
ۣúóԡԵͣҲûгԹôʢĶ
ϼǳԵĺСģһ߳һߺ˵壬ﻹ𣿡
ãáֺǺǵĵ춼оƺȣ飬ӹñɶҵܺã˵ǰϰ忪˼ʮķݣܻһЩµģ֮һµҲû
ĻźһЦǵȻ֪ʲôԭ
أĻ𣿡˶٣ʵ
ҲܺáһҲ©ˣŸ½ǰݶȫľˡ
ζĿһۣǰÿҰһݶѾͷһҪһַʽҲǷһ飬ӲǰҼļȫˡ
ЦЦ˵ϼ˵ҪԼǮģԼһҹ֮ϼݶŪãǿĹҲӦġ
壬㲻ٻϼ𣿡ϼʵ
üԼһƣһںȸɣٻȥˡ
أĲΨһ˰ܷŵ£
ˣ㶵Ŀ񣬵壬ˣ
̾ϢһֵһƣȸɣҵŮ
ŮסϴҺߵʱ˵ϼûˡ
ΪҺѾϾ˸Ůϵ
Ϊ裿һӱ뵽еԭǵϼ˵˲֧裬һְִҿϵ˺ۡ
ԣΪ衣û˻ῴһϷӣζ˵һ㣬
۾𣬡壬ڸƳǣƥʱ˿𣿡
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ŵҿƾǮҪ߹ܶ࣬ƾǮ
ҡͷǣϷǿǮͼŮһġ
˭˵ġüͷ𣬡ҲкܶϷģܴȫϲ֪ж޵ѵȫϷ𣿡
һ˲䣬ԼޣϷӣҲǼŮƽ߸ϣǣȼŮ¼
Ҳ֪ȫֻ֪ǣϼУһˮŮˡֵƣֺȸɡ
ǵģԼŮ̫ģǺʣǷŲ¡
Ų֪ǰǲȾƵģξƲմ
ʼȾƣںϾŮϵ֮
ڣ
أûܿҲˣҲʹõѪ
һѳҼбľ
̾Ϣһû˵ʲôվתȥеһ˿ɬ֪һҲ֡
ǣ˭ܹܵ˱˵ļ£˭֪һ룿
ſˣֻġ
֪Ŀ࣬ĿࡣҲǶûд
УǶˡʮϴʵϾŮϵҲʵ
Ϊʲôԭ򣬶ˡ
Ů˲꣬ǴӣҲǴ
һ˵ҲԣǼȻŮġΪǷ˴ԼΡ
ϣÿ˶ڴ
˵һ˾ʡܷԼĴоܰЩͽС
һ죬㷢㲻ٷôѾˣͲǷˡأԳԽֻء
壬ǮѾ˳ȥϼҲ֪˵ʲôá
ֻܸǮϼǷ˵顣
ָͷ˵ͭ塣
ͭ壿һֻҪͭ壿ϼס
ԣͭ塣źԷǲûǮģҺԷȻҲǮǽܳԵЩֵͭ壬֪㲻Ƿ˵飬ǴҲ׬Ǯ
û˵ʲôӻͳͭϣ֪ǲҪԼǮǴ˵ˣ˵ʲôأЩǱҪǷģ㲻ӵһѺˡ
壬ǻȥˣҪչ˺Լ
šſ˵Ҫ塣
һˣ˵Ļ
ˣųڣص
ĸ˸˵ʧߡ
û£ϼһ·ûаɡ
ǻһٲ㿪ĵķ
һУһйء

ϼУһ֮⣬˵Ҫ顣


318 ǵĻ
Ӽֱ߳ߵͷĵңͷȻϼǮ˼ң̷ѧҡ
ÿԺ߽Уһ仰˵ܸܲһöҡ
Ļ̷ѧԥһ¶ûУֱӾóһöҵݸһ䣺һС
˵ˡ
ȻתߣߵſڵʱվסҲ֪ܻܲЩǮԸ⣬ҿ˫ȣ˻㣬೤ʱ䶼С
ã̷ѧҲûֶû̷ֻѧǴо󲿷˶ûȻҲôܶ˶ûʶһ㣬ϵģܹвϼˡ
̷ѧ¶һ˿ʹ֮ɫܲܲң͵Ҹģ
ͻȻתͷĿ̷ѧòŵãҲǽĲƸҲǮ
̷ѧͷͻȻһů⡣Ļʲô̷ѧ
֪ж౻Ʋ𣬲ôЩ궼ЩʲôȴûǷκһ˵飬ҲûǷκһ˵Ǯ
ܶЦȴȺܶ˶Ҫ߰
߳ȥˮ˵ûеõҵˣõҵġ
ÿ˶һġؤǻʵۣŮҸ߰Ǳ΢һġ
мˣܵõһģ
ֻǣ̷ѧû
̷߳ѧңûԼļȥǼͷıǰ
ǰĵء
Ǵ峤ңǴ峤һƥһƳǿء
˵ǿصķˮܺãҪӵģֻΪɸڴľѾ⣬Ҫȵܽ
峤ڼУ׾ͼ˴峤
ҪҼҵĵءһ˵һóոҪһپңһõļǮô㣬Ҽҵĵˡ
峤ۣһһڣͷ˼һŵӦ֪ǿҪӵģֻˣҲĨǣǿҲỹ㡣Ǵ峤ʮ֤ǿǺϷġҲӦ֪һöҶ˵ʲô
ɫ
峤˵벻ΪʲôҪǿأѾˣҲܻȥһأΪʲôҪôǮأ峤ûŪôǮںһ㡣
ġ˵
Ļ峤ЦЦҪĻӦͻˣڿѾ˰ɡ
üͷ𣬵ܣҲܱ֤ԼʱΣʱ᲻Ů
峤ٴ豭һڣ֪Ȼô˵лǺܵġȻҲ뵽ҪˡֻҪοԼˡ
ûаοԼġѲƽǼҵĵأҪ쾭壬ҲжٸɣһҪ㲻ңҾȥﲻܣҾȥˮǣһҪҪҵĶԽ˵Խ󼸺Ǻ
峤ȴǼΪ侲ϣɫһ仯ûСֱ˵ˣ峤Ƶ˵ǿǲģҪҪأҿԸ㻻һ顣
һ飿㶣Ҳû⡣
峤ͷԣһ顣һĵؿԱԭǿҪáҪࡣ
ҲСûҪǰǿزɡûҪǿϽӣУֻҪ׻Ȼе֣žͿˣǿﶼûйϵ
и峤ͻȻ˵
ʲôû˵ƽϱûйƽƽıˡ
峤˫ȣȴû˵ӦҵģѵûֹΪʲôһռҵĵǰϼʱҿСˣҿɻںһصǵǮ
סȻҡҡͷȷʵ峤ȻͬʱǴеһԣ»вƽģܴ󷽣ݴ˵峤Ѿﵽ˺徳ľ磬ԶȥɱħޣټǧľҶ˵СǣΪʲôҪԼأ
峤۾ԼȡҲͷԼȡ
ȷʵһ˫ȣԼҲҲһ޵ĵط
ΪңôģʵֻǷʵϼĹѾô峤˼
û峤ͷ׼ȷ˵Ϊһ˫ȣֻҪӦңҪǮǻضԡ
һһȨˣҪǿﵽԼԸһССĴ峤Թ¼Ҫ󣬶һҪ߸ϵҲѹԴҪȥȨơ
峤¶ЦݣΪԼѾﵽһɵˣԼҪ˵Ͳʲô峤ϲʲôСֻϲĵŮˣοһ˫˶ûеȡ
˫ȣ峤ûٵǡ
Ǵ峤û뵽ǣȻҡҡͷȻ˵ȻһûҲԼѡ񣬶㣬ҵѡ֮ڡ
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һͻȻڴ峤ߣǴһ߳ġ峤ڵкüţǸ߳ķǴ峤ҡ
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319 ֻҪһڣ˭۸Ҳ
ͷ߳峤ңһʧ䣬֪Ӧô졣ȥϸ峤ǿռԼҵأ̷ѧæ취֪Ϊʲô뵽̷ѧ
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ߺ̷ѧ͸˳Σաۿ߽峤ԺӣȻһֱվȡ
ôͳϴһִûйʧ䣬̷ѧҲų
ûпԼ̷ѧǲ֪Ҫôźã֪ԼӦöǰк
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̷ѧѾõģȻ̷ѧΪաΨһΪ̷ѧģҲֻһ㡣
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һû峤ֻվ˵ıӰһҲת߻ԼļС
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䣬תߣ̷ѧεĿıӰһʧ
һѪ˳漴һڡ
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ԭոջǿţ˭ǿʱӣܿƺء


320 ܵ
űӴӼ̷ѧҸȥ
һʮٸһ˿ϷʵϣôѱӶѽҪȥ˭ҹҹѽ
ȥ̷ѧҡ˵ÿƻʱ֣ʱеˣǴʮʮµŮˣһ䣺ֵ˭ҹҹѽ
ŷ̻ҲһЩʼɵ⣬ǲģǽ첻ͬԼҪ˵ȥ̷ѧòһɳܵ飬ֵý顣ЩҶ̷ѧ˵ΪԼ䲻Ǹˡ
ǶڱĴˣǲںģϼ֮⣬ûпκһˣȻ˸
֪ʻŮ˲˵ʲôһʼɣһܲǶˣҲòûһźÿûһ˫ȡģֻǰԼμͼӴ׵ĶԴ˵ЩѲں
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ʱǶǺӣϼӦò֪Ǿ仰Լ˵жҪɡһ仰ֻһһ꣬ꡣ
ֻһ仰ֵΪϼκ顣ӲڣԼһжֵ
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ûͣű˳ȥдһöҡ
ֱܳϼ壬Ųķȥ

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ڿߵеʱϼ̲סŸ磬𣿡
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ܿ죬ŵĻ͵õ֤ʵܵʵ̫ˣӵʱ䣬͵ŵ˵ǰ
ʱǺˮҲˮɣһֱڲͣѾܵٶȴһҲ
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ҲǺһڶһ㷴ҲûУ㣬ôˣǲǷʲô飿
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أˡܶѪڡڻԡС
ҪȥϼҴ򣿡ϼʵ
ʹ˵ͷ
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ûشȴȵȱôˣǸ̷ѧ˵ĺأȥϼѾˣȥҿ
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ջֵʱɫĹâҲ̷ѧڡȻŲͨħˮƻһЧġ
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˵ûˡһЦݡ
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Ϊ˾űģϼ۾ʹĵɲҪ̷ѧһ⣬ҿóҲǹģǲǣ
ͷ˵֪ͣѵϼ˵Լ䲻̷ѧѾͷľǿһԼĻġ
ź´ʱȴû뵽Щ˶һۣſŶ˵̷ѧ鷳ء
ŵ˵ͷ峤Źǵġ
ҪҪϹȥһˣϾǴŮ
Ҳá۾˵


321 ɶû
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ӻһ꣬ǰЩϢ
һȣڴߣһһµţΪԼΪ̷ѧ
Ѿʱȵҹһڴϣ̷ѧһ㺹ûг
ȴѻǺͷĺˮʱ䵽۽ǣ۾۾Щ졣
һֻһëÿһϺҲһѣʹԼܿ嶫ϵŨױѲȥʹڵһŵһҲϼ
û˿Сʱ򣬱ѧ֬ڸԼҲֻڸסĿһЩɡ
ȵ֣һҲûøԼȣ̷ѧʱѵģһпһҵһ£Ӧˡ
ȫǶԷһ㣿˫΢͸ŨŨ飬Ҳֻһܹõˡֻʱ˫۾ܾͻˣͻһαװ

ʱ峤ҵĴֺǣȻһЩȱ֣ǿǵӻͦ⡣
һڰĽ䣬һŮӼС˵˽ˣǲǶҪ
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дͷģҲ׷Ҹˣֻգۼߵĸɸɾ
峤ҲûֹҰ˭֪Լʲô˻᲻ڿɾסڴа
˵峤Ҳûˣڿһͭ嶼ûˡһж¸ٵĸɾסʲôŶͭ壬ң񡭡ԺſںصĴŶûʣһۼЩ
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ʲôҪɽ峤۾𣬡ԼȥɣҲˡ
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ǧҪȥΪûõˣҲǧҪκˡ
㲻һǿ
յÿ죬ȥҲ졣
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322
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ʱ̷ѧѾʮһ£ŵҽȷʵ˲ҹάõһǣ̷ѧȬˣûʲôë
ȥϼ򣬿̷ѧõĸһ㣬ûô졣
ܲ𣿡̷ѧʵһʱ䣬ԼġΪһ
£Ҳеԭ
ϲ㣬Ĳںǰ̷ѧС˵仰ѼǲԼ˵˶ٱ顣
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̷ѧ۾𣬡ǲǵˣʹӦ޸ҡ
ҡҡͷˡ
ҪǴأ̷ѧĵʵ
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̷ѧûֹ֪ԼֹֻǾĿߵǰûʧ䣬ûоܾԼأ˵˵ɣ˼ǲ˵ֻҪĸ׻ˣԼϣˣ
ߵſڣͻȻת˵̷ѧһõŮӰɣʲôҲأ
̷ѧЦҡҡͷ˭ҲңҾ㡣
ɵϡ̷ѧһۣתȴ¶Цݡûвκ֬۵ϣɢһഺ
Ҳֻжʮꡣ

ڴһƬݵϣһ仰Ҳ˵ϼԣüֹ̲ס˵ȥˮǲ𣿡
ƲƲ죬ҲŲȥأֺ졣
ϼ̲סְΪʲôˣȥˮǺͰְһסΪʲôԸ⣡Ҫְֲ֪һˣΪѲűץεģҲǱ˵ôһֱŰְ֣ڴε⡣
ǣǻˣΪѾͿ԰ͿԶǲŲûЩôģ˶ٿ࣬ˣҪŸ½㣬һôǲҪס©ķӣҲ𣿡
ϼǳ˳飬ıסܵܣޡǰЩ꣬˶ٿࣿ
Ҳܲףÿ»һΣÿζеǮǣȻͶˣΪϴ·׬ǵǮ𣿡
ʹı۾ðŵȥŸתת
ʲôϼ˲ᣬĿŵܵܡ
Ÿ磬ô˵ҪȥˮǣҾȥһʱ䣬ųεˣʲô飬˵

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ڴﵽŲˡ˵û뵽ֻһͻƾҪôѣȻùеˮħ֪ҪﵽʮҪʱ䡣
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һʱ䣬źҹͻƵ⾳Ųľ硣
ףˡͻȻ˵
˵ֹ֮һԺвŲûţ±Ŵ򿪡
飬ѾеˣһĽӴ֪㶼ͨˣźءһֱɣ峤ҵǼ¼Ÿ½ɵġΪǴ̷ѧһʱѾϼ÷Ѿҹˣź³ԷʱȴûڼС
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Ǻ°ְֻˣ㻹ôʲôȻеԭ򣬵˵
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ҲһǿĺӣǴһĺ飬ָжأܴССĶᵽˮоס˵ǴӵһáһԸ
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Цŵ˵ͷһ̵˳ȥ
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ʱһһȥź·֣ϢԽԽŨ
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ǰʲôһòã
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323 
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ϢһˣϹٺ磿һǰǷʲô顣
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ȴЩΪѵ˵еĶʮҩҶУֺֻҵ
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˶٣ûٽ˵ȥֻǵ˵̻ĲκãҲβá


325 ħӡ
źסǶ֪ҩĴʲô
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վֳݣոյļ¹ĸܵǱħԼܹƻġ
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ΪħԽԽʢӡ֮ڵĿռѾװ£ӡħɣͬΪһϢǶħǿӡͬʱһɢ
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ͻȻžձóƣڼ˸̾Ϣ֮ʱһϢͻȻ
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327 Ѫ
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Ҳûй˼ƶϿԵĸߵͣϾѾǰ飬ԼϵûСŶһ仰ȴǲ˼ŨȤػ½ֻһ鵯֮أϻбĴ½𣿡ʵ
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ֵǬָһͻȻһ͸ϸ


328 
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۲һܣ˴ɫ֣ܿΧľֻһɽģȴխұʮ׿һͷǸոʱˮ棬һȴ֪ͨδһͷ
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ֻҪ뵽ĶﶼСЦЦƽʱʵϲĶϼסһ꣬żϼԷģΪԷͼľһգ֣ܰһּҵĸоͺãʲôν
оƵ˱߳Աģνո˵δ֪ĵطǾһ㵣ҲûС
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еĻźҲҹάæͷȾƣԱϢһʱ䣬ٴվɽȥ


329 
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ոǹˮԾ֮ʱΪʲôˮҲ֪ôһӦûУ
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ͬˮзָӦ֮󣬾ͲʶˣϾʶǿûõģҪĴľ񡣱ŴʱҲʶ̽ܵ˴ʶӦľ뻹ûпԶּľ
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ƿ룬ЦҲˣǴʱľ磬ͨ۷ĴˣҲһӰ𣿡
ŻȻ󣬻ûʲôܶԸĶˮеĹʵҲͺнħһģ뵱ԼǺ徳ʱ򣬱ɽսȺڵ˺⾳Ų㣬Ǳʵ΢ĹŪһ·ľġ
ߵߵ£ȴû˵ЩʲôֻǶԶĹâǻʲô
𣬻᲻ˣ۾˰죬һֲȷ˵
ֹطˣƲƲ죬ˣǹȥ֪
˵žǰȥ͸ոյɽûʲô𣬳һƹ⣬һ仯ûС
ǰȥæµǰŲֹ£ҲŻƹȥ
˵ûֻȥŻ֪Ϊ˵õħģûħβѴӵı̻ǰʲôǶ
ֻǣΣǰžǰ棬ŵǰ
ºŵ뷨ͬŵǰ棬Ҳæһվߣ˲ǰȥ
һһǰһһӽھǻɫâֻϰԶʱڿǻƹ⵽ʲô
ҲǷĽ
ǾȻһֻ۾軹һֻ۾
۾ˣһмʮ׳һֻ¸ȴ㣬֪ʲô֣ŴҲûмĹޡ޵ͷֻһֻ۾ɫĹâ
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磬ƺѵ˹ǰ
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ͷһۣҪɳֵĻһƾͽ˰ɣ
ҡҡͷļͣҳҲδɱҪǲڲ޻ѶԸء
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Ŷԭһ˶ԲߡȻһΪ޵Ƥëޱء˶٣ֵĹԸﵽԺ󣬿ͷų֮磬Ͳ»ٻɽˡ
ʲô֮磿ºʵ
֮磬ǷǿĽ硣Ϊ񾳵ƻ̫ս֮ǰͨͷųս˫ڽ֮սνƻ
ﵽ񾳶Ҫ𣿡ֵʵɻǵõذǵʱ򣬰ͺڻ궼ﵽ˺񾳣ʱսʱ򣬲ûͷųʲô硣
ҡҡͷ˵ֻ˵֮ãڲõȻûʲôƣսʱ򣬺񾳵ǿߵս֮ʱڵͨţеۼ֮УŻִ˺ͨ£ֻΪеһʱŻѱͷųһͨǷֳһУŻ𡣶֮Ƿֹ״Ըħޣ֮͸ոպá
ŶհͺڻսֳһвûвʲôƻӦǸʱڵ̫ԵʣһҶħʱ°δʤء
˶ԻʱѾһѻǾ͵ħɾֳ˺ɽͷ
Ҳħ𣿡ʵ
˵ͷӦǣݹżأħֺܶ࣬ħ֮⣬״ʤЩι״ħͨʵ޷ԿֻͬħŻд˵Уħħи߸ϵĴڣƽȵģֻħܹ
ħô۾ţħˣûмкι֮˵ˣʱҶܴ
㾹Ȼħˣ㶣˵ʲôħǵħйءħԽǿħħҲԽǿħˣôǵҲ˥
Ŷԭѹ֡뵽ʱʱħһƬ긽ϣûڶƬ壬ʱʱ뵽ԼڶһСľƹмħʱħֶˡħУʱħѲԼܹԿˣʵҲȷʵǿ˺ܶ࣬ŸӦó
뵽æʵʱħڻжǿ
Цô֪֮ǰҴҲûмħôܻ֪ʵӦʲôء
ŵħûҵƬ꣬ʵûǿʲôħӦö̫ѶԸ
һ˵һ߼ǰȥ
ڵɽȻңԶҲоͷǾͷȴǵĻʲôأ


330 Ⱥħ
ĹڵɽۣѼǲת˶ٵ䣬Ҳ֪˶ãߵ˾ͷ
ǰȻʣǰһɽȣܱȺɽơͷո߳ĶѨҲǴһɽĵײǴѪнĶѨԭһɽôʱ䣬һֱɽдС
ɽ֮УƮڰеĹܼ࣬Ҳ˺ܶ࣬ΧһУ֮ǰɽģ
ĹâĿɽеһС
ķԲ˰׹ǡ˹ǣ޹ǣȱģģһءȫסɽȵĵ档׹ǻֻһ㣬ºһƣһ׵ӣӵ׻ǰɫĹͷ֪澿ж
﷽Բİ׹ǣҪ޵ʬܶѻǻǵײ浽жǧףףֻ
ûΪȥʵڲһֵú飬붼Ĳ
˵ûطȷʵһսһǰħսսڵ磬ᷢôս˵Ҳûǰػ˶ץѪҲôİ׹ǡ
սһʮֲңħսʬɽȣѪ˳ɽɽһ棬γһѪӡ֪ʲôԭѪûиɽߣʬȴãɰ׹ǣһһ³ٴֳɽȵģ
ɫĹǣڵȺɽƣϰĹԵù֮
Щȴɽȵȫ
ɽȵУһֱͭһԲξһͷֱͨڵĻ֪жߣͿͷһͷֱ׹֮У֪жһľֱֱžֻмǧɡ
ԲξסߣΣֻܿŵһߣžվӣʮ꣬òͨӡ
˵ǰﴦſһŴҲûмĹޣ׳ʨͷϬţȫڣµҹɫһ㣬䡢ء졣
ͷޣüͷ𣺡డżмħǰħް
ħޣħ궼Ǹħħһħħս֮һЩħ޴ֲĸ䣬һڵħޡ
ʱ䣬ЩħħͬĻУģһı䣬ǱҲòͬһЩܹģǾĽӴΪܹ˺ػޡ
˵ϳЩͨС޺ԶϹ֮⣬е޶ħޣǴħġ
ֻǰ࣬ȴһıҲûеħޡϺһħϢ
ħ
ֻǰ棬һȺϰͷһħޣħƽЩƣֻȫëǺɫԵûлƽ𻢸߹
ҲȷʵĻƽ𻢣ûиıĻƽ𻢵ǰħУкħ
ںħǰ״ƷǵޣͬȫɫëǾͽħǡ
е϶ɢŨħ֪ħǡħˣħ
ôܻĴڣɣħħ֮ϵħ
˫۾Ŵɽ߳º¶һ˿棬ȴ׶
ܺһ㣬Ϊʲôôħǰ¾Ȼ˼һȭԴһµİ׹ж
ʵ̲ס˳
Ĵ𰸣Ӻⲻһսֻ֪һ´᲻ŪùͷɡҪǳǳһĻҾЩ׹ֱʧڿ첻ˡü˵ͷɣܲġ
סһҲţ
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û˵ȴǻӳ˫֣һɫâɽȶУֻǻһ֣㲼һ硣ֻͷܣµİ׹Ƕ뿪
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ɫһ֣Ⱥħʱɧ˸ոճֵʱЩħ޲ûжҲûгֹԭǶЩĿˡ
ֻͻȻֵĽ磬޷ٱְҲǳĹ𣬴ûмɫâԭ
źµжнǳ˫֡
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áȻǵ˺񾳣ҲûмħսҲҴ⡣
˭ֵ֪жǿ˭֪ħûҵԼꣿ
еĽݸŴǬָȡһ͸ϸ
һɧ֮󣬾ŵħͻȻǰ˻мʮԶʱǰԾ
ǵٶȱȷҪֻܶ࣬ٶȣҲнħ޵ʵ
˵нħ޻ʲô˱ɽڣеĽӶǰħǱƬĵ£ȵɽɱҪࡣ
ʡķ̫˵Ͼ׶Ըģкħ࣬ħ
֪ºͬʱӦ
ھǽʡģȻڵʵֻҪȫһħǺͺħˡֻħ֪Σ˲ұ֤ܰҲһ𡣲Ȼˡ
ħǺͷϰԼΪƣǰħǳƬ£ħֳƬϡǷǵȣǺ̶ȱȷǻҪ׺
ֻĹ˵ʲôҲûС
һӳϰٵħǵ£Ĺ£ЧȻ
һʱʱ䣬ħǱ㼸ɱ
ħǺǺħħѾ۲Ⱥħħǳһ߳һ߷ͳХ
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еĽͬʱӳǿԸĻӳеĽģΪ˽ʡȵ˺ħ쵽ǰʱŶ֡
񾳵ǿ߽֣ȻѾԿɽѵأȴͨǽԽԶͬ£ͻԽ
˽һ֮£ǰĺħ׷ѣǵڶŵҲɱ
ţӽ߽ħ޵ʵӦûѶԸһ߻ӽһ˵翴ôħ޻һΪҪѺһųء
ħǺͺħǺöԸģħҲͨħ޶ѣ֪ħʲôǧܴ⡣
һ˵һսħȻҪħǸһΣֻϰ٣Ҫħ˺ܶ࣬˻ûϰʱ˱ɱеĺħ
ضʬ塣
ضѪɫѪ
ԭħѪǺɫģֲѪڵɫҲѪħѪϹҲǱɺɫˡ
ɽȺսһ䣬ͷħûгԭûж
ֻĿˡ
ôأƵ˵
۾ŶԷվ֮ӦػǸӡһʲôܣħܾܿ


331 Ѳ
ȻǲǾ͹ȥɡ۾˵
ó˻ȥ˻Ǹʱɽħһ׷ŲˣѰħģûеõħ֮ǰֻǰߣһˡܻʲôΣնԡ
Ϊ˱̻Ϊһ顣
ɱȺͻûкķѶҲЪϢֱӱǰȥ
ÿǰһħŨһ֮֡ǰӦħǴ﷢ġֻǲ֪ħħ
ħħޣ˵ݹżأϵϹ޵Ҳһƴ֮
Ǵ۷ʱڣ˾ԲĶ֣˵һսħˡ
ӦòʵħӦòôеꡣ
һ߽һֱֻа׵ľͣסľѾǹľ롣۶ŵ˻˵һΣյľ롣
ͷȴûжھĿżˡ
ˣ׵徹ʹŵ˿ȫò
һһһ˵˵ĺɣ˵ոջɱĺħһ㡣
һ˵ҲʵʵһһɱŵҲܿ϶һҲû¶ܲܽ˵˼
ģҲʵһ֣δӣʤ㡣
ԸһҶԸһһ㡣˵
ڻڵͬʱѾԾƺ͵һͷǰ
ѾźҲնͬʱ̳һȼŰɫĻ棬һϸһɫĺ˪
Ȼ෴ӽ͸δѴ˫ۡ
˳ֻ̳˲Ϣ֮䡣һ˲䣬޴ͷ­ȴһߣǼΪħ޵ʵ̫Ȼ˶ܵĶûź´̵۾ȴûȫܿŵĽıϣǱһ䷿ӻҪͷӲҪ˵Ļһźô
УǷһ졣
ţôӲƤļӲɲɽƾĹ̶ֳȵӲȣʱûдǹΪŲûþȫͬź¿ɶû֡
Ҳû뵽ģ˶һ㶡
һ֮䣬׵ӴͻȻضһӾʹϰ׸ߡ
漴ּʱһǿķ硣
Ƿ̶ȾǴʹӦӴйءվŲֻƾʵδŪǿҵķ硣֮˽µĵ棬´ʱͳ˵Ĺͷɵ龰
һһ£Ҳǰƶ˺ܶ࣬ʱºվ֮·Ҫ㿪Ҫ˳ϰײС
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οźҲû㣬˶һۣеĽͬʱϴ̳ԴԼһֻצ
˵ĽȻҫ۵İ׹⣬Χһյͬ硣
׹Ⲣûдӽȫڽ֮ڡֻܲķһ˿ܷӳǿ
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ʱͻȻһĺУÿҲ֪һͷĽ
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źͷͬĽҲûǱ߿һۣӴ׹£ɽٴźѹ
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ڵδźǿȻҲᱻ˶Ͽˡˣźȴûа취
˵ڲǹصǰ壬ȴû죬Ľʽҧֻǰצ
źҲĿֻ꣬ˡһʱȴһ취ҲûС
˫ֲ֮ʱһƹͻȻֱ֣֮ϡ
ƹסһС
һûܴ͸࣬ȴͻȻͳĺ͸ոһͷ෢޶¡Ȼûܹ͸Ƥȴеʹ
⾳Ų񾳹Ȼ޷ȡźأûа취ǱߵսȴѾǰԼߡ
෢УȻſ
˻źµȻóȫɵһûڡ
ЯŴูУһȼգһڱûлִศɡ
ﵽȼʹðŨŨסľȴʹ彩ֱǲܡ
γһӵʱ䣬ճ⣬׵㱻յĸɸɾ
ʵôǿѶԸһ˵һ߿ζˣȻҺŻûа취ˡ
۾ҲǷ˺ܴһŵֵģϼֱûһƤëҲ̫ˣħʵȻħħʵҲ½ħޱȴûб仯࣬Ȼʵļͳ̶ȴһҲֱ˵ǵǹˣҪΪᱻʹĻҲУǾһ취Ҳûˡ
ܽս飬ȴһҲûȥһֱעǽͭԲվħ
ôҵսȴһ㷴ӦûСţǺ˳һģһͽ˰ɡ
Ǹոս֮ʱܹͷ࣬ʤ˵ӦҲܹ뵽һɣڼ֪֮νħ˲ûʲô
Ϣһٹȥɡ˵
ȻԷôȻҪϢһ£ָ۷״̬֮ȥҶԷȻʤˡ
ŵõͬվԭأŻħ̲֮סոΪʲôһأôħҲأ
֪˵żϼأħҲиߵ֮֡һֻ˵ģǲ˵ҲܲʵħҪǿ⣬ĵط˵ħ޲ûʲôһħͼˡ
Ǹ߼ľǻ˵ħˣǼ졣
Ŷԭ𡣡еԭˣվŵڵһ֣˵˲Ų๥Լ
ħӦòѶԸ


332 ħҲ
Ϣһָ۷״̬˿ʼħȥÿ˶еĽȫ䱸
Ʋ⣬ħεµȣӦò̫ѶԸǿͭߵһػߣ˵Ҫͷһȵħ
ȻҴ⣬Ǵﵽ˺񾳵ڴҲûħǰҲСҴ֮ġ
һӽھħֻһľʱħͻȻ̧֣֪԰γһڵĽ
ڣڣڽħҲڡ
ͻȻվס
֪νҲɵѽ˵
ʲôܰԵӡ۾ħеĽ
ҲϸĴһʦȻϸ
ʲôģӦ൱ڸ߽齣ˣǽǵħศɣܱȸ߽齣ӳ
ô
ֻǲ֪ǱʵΡϾֻһһС
֮ԻվϾ죬ΪħȻγ˽ȴûй
վԭأһҲûж
ιǻ˵ǲµȵħͻȻǰ󺰡
ħشֻǽĶŵˡ
Ȼ˵ͷ˵ǴӣʵҲܸߵȥߣȥʡһĵ۾ķ
šŵ˵ͷͬµ飬ܶԷʵΣҪġСģɴ⡣¸ûѶԷ£æѵ
֪Сǵϸգ۾˵Ҳˣɱôħ֮Ѿʱħ־ͽˡ
ϼƻҶԸһ˶Ըһ
ã䣬һǰȥɢâħһأ׵ľת˲
ŵĽħʺµĽħš
ڹһħеĺڽڶˣϻӳŵĽ
䣡졣
󣬿ȴЩţԷĽȻԼĽ֮ϣǽ̺ȴԤҪС˺ܶࡣ
ħһҲûеŵĳûܸıһ㡣
ŻЩ֮УеĽѴħʺ
ˣŰγеĽʱҲħаѽγһĸףħʼնûж»˵ɱħɱҲ˶١
ӦǵġһӦĶҲѾڵ¡
ħʵͲͬʱǸողϢɳһ˶׻ɱ
ų˼Ƭ̣ϸĻŸոʱһҲ̫Ӧк⾳ʵˡ
⾳ʵŵҲ㲻ˣô׾ͽˣֻŵ˵ʵʵ̫ǿԭ
ɽ֮ûлŵħˣ棬ֲֻڣһ⻬ҲûСûʲôرĵطֻħɢ
Ӧľħ۾˵һ
ţǷͷҡһ˵һΧžתһȦԶ˵Ͳʲôֻǰӵʱ䣬ת˻
ܶһʲôҲûС
ӻʲôŹأŴʱһ⡣˵ݹżأħħʳԼɱЩħޣӦöħģԽħԽŨǵвŻ˳ߵȵħž࣬ħǣһһš
ֻʲôûУΪʲôɢħأѵħɣ
ҡҡͷƵ뷨տɽУħȻγһһйŹ֡
ȥ濴˵Ȼ֪жߣһоͷҾ쵽һ֮ϣɾˣгһӣȻᱻ˷֡
ն˳žϷȥշУٶȼ졣
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֪ЩѰٴδǬָȡһע룬ɫĻڽ֮ϣʮ׵Ŀռ䡣
ħŨ˺ܶࡣ
ŹâΧھתһȦȻʲôҲûз֡ûħ
ֻǣΪʲôħҪŨأ
ϸĸӦħԴЩȷ˵ħǴ洫ġ
ţ㶣洫ѵǿյģ
Բ֪𡣡һȭ·ȥǿյģԼͰ򴩡
һ죬һ̳
̳סһȭеĵطһ仯ҲûС
ô˵ͭʯǵʯҲӦۼɣƵ
ŵͷϸĿ»еĵطǵʯģֻǺڵĵʯһӦǰġҲһȭڵϣȵʯҪӲСĲˡ
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żֱһȫڻͣǵ棬ȴֻڻһֵСӡ
С˵û뵽ĻȻǻǲСٶȣнչһʱ䣬ٽֱӳƺˡϾ֮ѾûѪĴУٽҲôˡ
̾ϢһȻڵϡҲԼʲôá
ٵȵȣҲֱ仯˵
ţֱ仯ʲô仯
Ҳ֪ʮϼĹ۲죬ҷħı仯ɡڻħŨʱ򣬰ǰħŨ֮ʱǰϼӦģʱħҪŨһŻһ
ŵ˵ͷЩ˼ˣһħͻȻǿ˺ܶࣿ
ǡ˵пܻᷢʲô仯Ǿ͵졣
ãǾ͵졣зĹ⡣


333¾˵Ķ
ºӾ졣ûдȣΪ̫ڣ˵ĹҲôÿڵܷѾܲˡ
ʱ䣬çھǼﴦһɽϴħޣЩǶϲ˵ɽи߽ħޣçҲûҵһطΪڰ̫ˣܰˣçҲˡһжŵ׵ģһʱ˶е㲻Ӧҵɽǲ
ʱħ޵ĻԭϼĴ峤ɲǲģƱһѻ˷ҵˣҲûˣҲˣµһˣֻƾź徳ʵЩħǮ
ħ˼һԷ򸾴ʱȴվһɽǰԷŶʶŮ¶ҪŵľƹϰȻǶħˣħһѰħʧɢꡣ
ţµڣѾ˺ܳʱˡϵһƬħѾƬںˣֻҪʣƬͿػصʵΪؼǿĴڡ
ֻȴһ׵飬ôʱ䣬߱ػ½վɽǰ
ħ˵ػ½һħˣƬ겻֪ɢҪ»ѡ
΢΢ʵѾǿˣʱ䶼ˣҲٵȼꡣ
ħ˵ͷҲǣת۶ѹ꣬Һαؼٵȼʱء˶٣ħֵϣڻǿ
ŶѵܹԿЩŵ˵
ħ֪ϴδսûȫڴһ񶼣Ȼһռ䣬ܸӦ˿
ǣɫЩˣܸܲӦǣ᲻ûʱԸǣ
ħҡҡͷǸӦ˴ﵽ񾳺ȥҪȴס
Ϊʲôʵ
ħΪͨΣգǴħһҪǽʱҲ޷磬Ҫȥ׺ܶࡣ
Ŷԭô֪񶼵أ
ħܸӦǸռ䣬Ϊǰ˼һе񾳵ȥ¶Ϣʲôӵģܼ򵥣еռ䶼һȥףֻҪﵽǿռƵʵܻ֮գĸռ䣬Ҫﶼס磬壬һռͨȻķħƻĹ򡣡
סǵȵƬ֮ҲҪصħָܹȫǻȥ󣬲ͻزǽô磿
ħЦЦһΣϴδսڼһֻ꣬Ҫھ֮ǰƬȥȻٴ硣
ˣǽȥɣƬںϺǾȥĴ½Ѱҡ
ǡ˹Ӧ
Ȼħһ߽ɽ֮еħ

ʱתۼŵվھߣͷ޾ĺڰ
ΧħŨ˼㣬ܵĹڸոյһ˲ȫϨ
һƬڡ
ȻʲôҲŵܹоͻȻŨħǴħӹġʱľһ̴ѣð̣ȴħ
ȥһͻȻУΧĿռ䡣
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һĵط졣ͷ޾ĺڰĹ𣬽۰׹ǣ˭Ƕķˣȵļˡ
˱仯Ȼǵһʱŷ仯ĵطȥ

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ǿһ˾ͽսں⾳ʵħû˿
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ħǴģһ˵һǰߣŽϵĹâһǰ
߳һ·̣ħֻӳ֮ħħûħޡ
ЩħǴģƵ˵ɽѾתˣǰҲһΣſԿ϶ʱûκħĴڣħħ޶ûС
ͻȻģֻһֿܣǴӾгġ
ܿ죬ž֤ʵһ㡣ߵĵʱſһһ׼ĶڡŨħǴⶴʱмħħһ
ʲôһǶӿΪԵܹĳЩħסھУʱȴǿħ˳
¸ͽȥǺ⾳ŲʵҲ޷½붴С
ֻվڶڿţԹһΣһǰӿħУ˵ˣǱֲܣЩħһ絽Ϸﵽħĵط󣬲ܷڡ
ЩħҲһĶŷ֣ԭЩħҲܹСҲǣк⾳ʵˣôܲء
ô죬²ȥüͷ
ֻˣħʲôʱ˵Ӧòһֱȥġ˵ϼмʮľ飬λһҡǰħŨʱһ죬һ֮ͻһ
šǾٵһȡŵķһЩȷ⻰ǰ˵ֻǵʱǲ֪ᷢʲôƽʱȻҲ뵽ֻ̫ı̻ˣħ˵ʵ̫ΪҪ
ŵЩˣⲻͬϼоסһ飬ʱֻܵɣұ̻ҲûʲôΣաڣܹȱ̻ħӦþǰȴȡеĽ֪
ƽ±Ҳûʲô飬ǾɱЩħɣȻһ̫Ļ»鷳ء
šŵͷͬ⣬Ǿ͵ħĵطǱһ˲䲻ƶûɱʱ򣬶һҲܲˡ
ãȥͻȻնֱӵ˸ոűȥĵطáħһ׵ˣһ㣬ôġ˵ɱһ򵥡ǻҪסϾǻܣħ붯ܶʱ򣬱㰤µĽˮӦ˵ľ´ʱ
½ҲûʱȥǶߵǾȰܵħȥɡ
ãӦһ˱ɢѷ䵽֮ϵħ
ķΧź˵󣬲ǰʱʱ䣬˱ɱ˵еħȻһɵҲֻ֣ǿˣƵĻӽ
ʱħȻûмֻһɱһߵȡ


334 ħޱ
ػ½ĳһһɽͻȻѣʯ䣬ʯмӰһϳ⼸ˣħˡ
ĵӰֱӷУػ½֮ȥޱ޼ʵĴ󺣡
ǵǧ׸ߵĴɽѱһƽء֪ɽжˣֻ֪ûһŵˡ
ϼԭ峤ڻɱͷǣڼֵʱͻȻͷǾ˱仯ԭɫëǱһƬҺڡѾľƣߣϾҪɱͷȴͻȻǳнħ޵ħһֻһ˲䣬ͱ쳣һͷһצӾץס峤ĸ첲ٶ֮˺Ȼ峤һ㷴Ӧʱ䶼ûУ㱻ץ˰ֱۡ
峤ˣǾԼ徳ʵȻ㲻ǵĹһǱԼ˵ķǣĶ㲻ôһצӾץԼİֱۣô⻹Ƿ
峤ûȥǲ룬ǲˡһֻѾ㵽ǰһֻצץסĲӣֻһŤ峤ԴͲ𣬵˵ϣµµüԶ
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һ徳㾳ˣֻǵצ¡ȷе˵ӦһֻǣһֻǸûй˭Ŀġ
ҪǴȥһᵱػصһ
ȻǴǰ˵ڲõĽԺ󣬱û˻ˡ
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ͬһʱ䣬çڲɱһͷܣܱǵͽħޣͷѾһͷнħޡͷн׵ĺç˺ܶҵڴ˵дڸ߽ħ޵ɽнħ޶üɱĶֻǵͽħˡ
һçһᡣçûõҲûǹ˶ǳֿȭһȭһȭĺ죬һ㷴֮ûС
˶ûоһԭ򣬲ȻһȭܰѺܴˡ
çһȭںϣ£һȭѺܴǱߣȻٴ
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å̫˼ˣȻһͷſ£ЦçһͨȴͻȻ͵ԼǰԼ
ףٶʲôʱôˣҲЩɻçһȭźܵϻȥӲܡ
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һȭʱϼ
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ҲçΪʲôˣֻһ棬˭ģǻҲñĸͷ˭Ҳ뵽ܵͻȻôࡣ
ǺܷɳʮԶڵϣȴûܿٴվһͳĺ漴ſڣ³һħ
ħĹħйֻнػ޲ܹ㡣
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žžžһܼڵħǹ̵÷顣ħѣǺܷһĺУصҲȥ
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š˵ͷȷʵӦûħһ׶ûоͻȻġոǺܻһӾʹнħ޴ﵽ˸߽׵ʵôأʵ벻еԭ򣬱˵û˵顣
ç˼Ƭ̣ҲͷһԽԽңɴ׿Ǻʵ⣬һ⣬˵ǺܵħΪʲôǺɫģҿǴҲûмɫħء
֪˵û˵кɫħ
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ʱս൱һ龳˺һͷսһҲûռϷ磬ǷǱԾٶȿףһӰŪͷ󺹡
ǷǣçЩŵ˵һͷǺһ龳սƽ֣Ҳѹçš
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Ҳˣɫ˱䣬ͻȥ⻹һͷǣҪǻнħСûˡһ˵һɽȥ·ϣֿ˺ܶˣ˶˺ͬľҾһ˲䣬ΪħͻȻһ磬вħ޵צ¡
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ܸоЩħɢĵħ
ħվ˵ĽħȥǵħԣѾԼʵԲƺΪħˡھȻʵħ֡˶٣ħֵħʵ֪ҵ˼ƬƬ£ѵҪң
綼һ˲ˡ
ھ֮ϵŵȴһҲ֪
ڴ峤ǵʱçͺܶȭʱһһħʺûжһҲûһ㵣ģ£һ̴ܴħʺ˷һ


335 ҩ
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ͬһʱ䣬һڵĽħУĴֱ̳µţ
һѾɱ˺ܳʱ䣬ЩħĹɣ೤ʱͣٲܶҪöܰѶԷһֲķһ˿Щˮһ㶼һҲû뵽ԷԼĹһܷ
ڵĽٶȿ켫һ׼ûС
˵ǵ˵͵ϮԼ޷͵ϮȻħҲһ
д󾪵ͬʱƾź⾳ŲʵͳǿķӦ¼Աһ
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⵱ȻˡЦϾͺá
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ڣѾ棬Ǽӵʱ䣬ѾȬ̺֮⣬һ㲻ʶûС
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ʲôûãһҩۣʵڲܲ˳档
ħæת¸ղŵλá
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Ӧɣ°עת˻Ķɿ˵˵ոʲôҩô棿
Ҫĥɵķĩֲʮҩ
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Ĩ˰ѺаûжóѾͷͲԣ˸ۡ
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˶٣ֵֻ˵һΪΣյĵط߽Ƭɭֵˣܹų
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ŵ˵ͷʱһħ˳ǰһɱһ֣Щιֺ֮ǰûʲôֻʵͻȻǿˣôأ
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ħ粻ںںϣƫƫʱںϣñСˣŹ֡
һϴСħʱʵҲܹԸģοںһƬֻ꣬ܣܶԶܶԶ֪
ͷħʲôǿǸȱ첲ȱȵ˵ֻǲܶԸħ𣿡
죬˵ۣҪԸȥԸǲŲȥء˵ˣħҲûг𡣡
ǵҲǣħɱɱ˹ʲô£˵һҲûħ˭ɱأǼһʵͦǶû鷳ȻȨǿˡ
һһһһ㶵ģＸʱ䣬Ҳ˵һЩǼħ飬Ҳףֻ˵˵ţô˰ħƵģ
Ҳڼ˵Ķ̶ʱǶħ˺ܶ࣬ѾˣֻħǶӿ˳
ʱҲûħĳˡ
˶һۣȥˣ


336 
׵Ķڷӿħһʱһһ죬¼ǲԼɱ˶ħгһСΣգһҽʹûǼӵʱȬ
ڵ֮ϣʱӦǻƻʱ֡ȴֲָĺڡýźĵطҲĿӣ粽С
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ͲġȻϼ˼ʮ꣬ûţԲ
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Ҳǡµ˵ͷ漴ҡҡͷ󾪵ҪʲôûУǲͰ𡣡
˵֮䣬ǰȥȻʲôûСһƬأôܻôǿħӿ
һһǰ߶ڷ˲֮ͬǽµĵ棬žЩ
ͷȥ²ȵǺɽ֮ǰɽһڵɫȴǵ棬ǽ硣ħɵĽ硣
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ڵҪȡħ飬±ҪɱħС
˫˭ҲԿ
ֻǣħڻܴûб֮ǰӿħǻǺöԸ


337 ʵǿҲ
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ʵûа취ǽгħǳźһ˵һԣһеһжȫһ
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ڻӳеĽ֮ħ㷢ԼΪЩˡ
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죬Ҫѧ˵ãʵһöûˣѾǿûˣսʹԼλʲôѧܹӵ
˵ĿģħħɫȴԽԽѿ
ħѾдεĺ䣬ÿ˵ĶᵽɤۣûٴˡԼʵڶԷھȻǣűߡ
˼ҿԺϾ죬Լȫ䱸աʱˣֵʽţһ˼ҵ½Ƕš
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ħѳ˻⣺ԼҪǽأǸոһʵôͱԴأóʱ䣬ĥƽٵħԡ
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սڼħһˣҵһᣬͻȻһͣ
һɢľɢŻɫâϸһӣ㿳ħһֱֻۡ


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磡˻û䵽ʱѾ֣վӭȥקŵĸ첲˷ܵĵ磬ڻˣҵ𣿰ӦþɰɡóŻܸˣ˵Щˡ
ϴ󣡡çҲǴһҲ¶˷֮ɫֻ˷ܱȴڲһĨ
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340 ħι
ϴ󰡣ҵػްҵķǰçó
صçһƣء
çͷұЩӵģǰҺɽħޣͻȻɽеħ޶˱죬ʵԾһ׶Σͽħޱнףн׵Ķ˸߽ס
ţ鷢һ㶣漴ͷӦѾ֪ܶħ޶ǴħǰħʵʹЩħʵߵһ磬ȻЩħҲܵӰ졣
ǣػʲôϵƵʵ
çɫ࣬ҺҲû̫һ飬ЩˣҲ߽ħأһʵˣҲеˡǵʱȴ˾顣
Ŷʲô飿ʵ
һϹ޵ħǰϴҵģкܶûáǾȻһҲûС˺ܶΣȷػʵ޷ˡϴ˵ǲǳ˰
çĻüͷ𣬵ħʵѾǿ󣬾ȻʼӰ쵽ˡħʵػٲ磬ΪѾħ԰
ħԣçҡҡͷûаҵķǻǺҵĻģûħԡ
˵Ĳ˵ħħıԡħ޻ָħıԣǱ޷ټʵħǿı䡣ػѾǩԼĳַ˵Ǳħǵʵħһ޷
ӿˡĻçƣ漴뵽һ⣬ɣô֪Щģôܹ˽ħأ
Щǹżϼعġ˵
żϼصģç죬ȻĻˡ
źȴç뷨˵صһкѸı˶ԹżĿǼĹżغҲûд
Ļ𣿡ʵʱ֪çƵԭҲ֪ĵԭ򣬾Ļ޷ںڸոմﵽ⾳ʱͶģһֱػһ˱ûػޣҲǹȻơ
Լ¶һ˿ЦݣȻһͬĿ⿴çһۣҵĻå˵֮Ҿˡå⼸ԼĽͷöҺһĻᶼûˡ
çʱΪػģȻһˣϾçɲĳˣç˿ΰ
ϹޣȻ쳣ˡ
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çȴԽԽѹѵԼҪһͷʳ͵ػ𣿿Լ⾳ľ磬ǴͷҪ೤ʱ䣿ԼķѾԼʮ꣬ѵô
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ʱ໨˹һѪɫǾޱ໨ǸɻȥˣŲڣͽ˿໨ϡ
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໨ûػޣǺ顣һֻҲϲͲϲ顣Ƕǲǿȵġ
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ֻçҲһҲû뵽ػ޵
ҲֻŻںҲֻΪػ¶ѡҲûҪçķԼ顣
ˣûаػĵԼĻ鰡
çѰѷٻḧŷǵͷ˵ܳʱûˣӴﵽ龳֮󣬾һֱҵ֮Сڿ˵Ŷĸжç飬໨һ仰֪жԺұ֤ҲˣʱҾòã
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341 
ԼػһڵϣçʱۣҪȥԼķôˣħѵо綾ֻ˲ϢͰѷǶ
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ʱصıͷףǱ붼ѵĸ߽ˡ

çԼıˣһӾԼǱģ̵ѡһѵȻɿ໨Ż˷䡣
žԺֱӶ죬ŵĻѽȣϰټĸ߽ʱȫڻʱʱ䣬һ޸һѳɹ
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342 ǰɭ
ݴׯһߵСɽﲻǴɽźСʱˣ˾﷢ûгɵ֮ġ
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ŵ˵֮ڱ֮ŨĵطʲôûУô֮Ĵأ
ǰ»ȻͻȻʲôţ㻹ǲǵãСʱ棬ʱоɭɭġ
ŵͷǵãָоԲʱ򡣡
µͷ˿£᲻ɽϼһҲһӡϼŻһ󣬶һԲ͸֮
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һӡź¶һۣͬʱУŴǬָȡ߽齣þȫſӵ״ȥ
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ţ߰ɡ

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ɭֱΪػ½յ֮һɭϷһļƣҲ֪ʲôԭƬɭֱŽȥǺ񾳵ǿߣҲ޷С
һִ˵ɭֱ˽ƣһﶼУ࣬ҲŽȥ
ȴҲֻǽסķɭ֮вľ磬ܹƽһɽҲȻԣܹԲֻܴĿãֻǲܳС
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ţ߰ɡ˫ЦǰֻһڣȻھѾҲˡ


343 
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ô죿գգۣСǰһֱĵ·֮һ䶼ûУɾôһĹֵӰûˡ
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ڼ˵ʱȴѵϵǱǸ˵Ǳ漴ִӵϼڻʣµһЩ顣
ڳˮѾٴ̣˱һЩ顣
УͻȻ˵˫ӣҪһʲôĵ
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ŵһʦвϣ԰һ鵶
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˫Ҳ֪Ÿںһ߽齣һܹ߽ĶʦһʵɲľǿߣȻںһ
Լһɭ֮жЩʲô˰


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һ˳ֲЦ˵
š˫ͷע͸ĵʱɢŨĹâ
ӵһֱȥʮһ˺ϱֵľķ顣
Լһ˫̲סûоȫֻֻӳȴǰ顣˫оĳԼҲǿ30
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ѵһ˾ܶԸһͷǡ

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ֵܺ˫ҲһȥȻǲźȥԲһߣҪ˴Բ
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ȴԼͬŸ½ʱҪȥҽ˿鷳ѾӿٶԲȥˡ


349 ս
Բռذˮ峺һ׵ıѩɭ֣һдУϢƬһ紦ĺͶڡǺûǴ˵пµĽ˿ߣԲһ羰ʥء
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ɻһİߣɻĿźĵĽ˿


350 ɱ
ƻѹ
繳
ûûҲû
ɭһ硣
ԲߣɻһԾСУˮֿʼײˮֿʼڡ
һ˾۾Ŀźеսŵںн˿ռŵǷɻĶ֡
µͷڣɻЩԿء
˫һĵ֮ɫ˵ô죿ɻܰܰ˫Խ˵Խ̲סУҵȥɻ˵ţקĵҪźȥ
ŵñæס˫˫ӣ㲻ȥֻװʲôæҲﲻϡ
Ҳܾôѽ˫оˮһҵڽ˿ĸˡ
죬ȴû˵ʲô˵ˮ֮ӿȪ౨Ǳһֱеһ仰ź¾ȹԼѣصȫԸǡ
˫ԵľֻǾȹĲˣһͷޡ
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ź¶һۣϵ˷ɻϣɭпǲܷУȻźҲɻˮǰԽ˿ߵˮ֮ʱһҪڻ֮϶ĺܶ

˫ͱʱǵĿŰߣ˫õʹǰĹ֣һҲûСŸ߽Ҳ޷ֲµһ硣
Ÿ½ǻ᲻Σհ˫ź֪źΪųȥġ
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ź¶һۣͬʱһУǰɫСɽͻȻʮ׸ߣסź½
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źٴηɽ½Ӳ˿ڵȴһöѪɫԲͻȻӰ߷öɫڵһ
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ԶڰߵķɻͻȻſһǽڵȫԼڡ
漴ͼɻɢŨĹâ


351 
ɻڵȫ븹Уھͬʱֹâ徹Ҳ仯ʼһ󣬼ɳһɼʮɳȻֽСһֱСһֻСèֹֹͣͣٴαٴαСѭϡ
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һ̣ɻʵԽ
ֻǣʱȫʧ֮ʱɻǿϢֿʼһҲʧ֮ʱھһҲоˡ
ɻʱȴһӣһ˭û뵽ģ
ɻһˣһʮһˡ
۾ϸ˷ɻΣתߵ££㿴ʲôˣҺֻþˡ
ûгֻþºܿ϶˵Ϊҳֻþأһ˵һˣͬʱֻþġ
գգۣЩȷ˵ģ
ġ⻰ȻǷɻ˵ġˣҾȻ˵
ϰıʱѹʶԼʲôһ޽ȫ̡
ԭ˵еĶģϾȻĴڡҲǲ˵
ɻЦȻģ壬Ȼͻһ˵ɻһźǰŶʩһ񣬵лλȻһҿܾڽ˿ˡ
㶣û뵽Ȼôò漴㷴ӦЩ˵ĵ㻹˵Ƿô㣬㾹Ȼѽ˿ߵڵˣιɻǲ̫˰
ɻ֣ȷʵҵĲǣոһµײֺ̫ͽ˿ڵಫܵʵ̫أǲ˽˿ڵҲͺͽ˿һ³ˡΪ˱סҲûа취
ЦЦˣǿЦģǰ㣬Ϊ˽˿ߵڵΪȹ˫
˫
˫ʱڷУǰʵ̫ˣϾֻһʮ˾ŮӣûźôǿʵҲûݡֻһͨ˼ҵŮӶѣΪһͽһδεĽɭ֡ǰôʱӦˣ
ɭ̶ֶʱ䣬ʵ̫ˡ
ֱɻߵ˫ǰЦеĿ˫ŷӦȴ㶵Ŀŷɻǲ֪Ҫ˵Щʲôźá
С벻ּˡɻ˵
Ǹɻ󡭡硣˫ԥ˰죬֪ҪôƺԷŶԷģǱԼһӣҲֻܽдˣһվǰܲܽжԷްɣȻ֪ԷǸոޱ仯ɡ
˫ĳƺɻǴЦðŵ̫ˣû뵽Ҹոս˽ҴˣãԺҾӡ
ѽ˵ԷҪԼã˫һҲˣһЩϲһǿ磬Ժ˭۸ԼʲôǡܣŻƵߡ
磬ллϴεľ֮˫˵ֱʱϴεĴûелأҲܹ˫ϴηɻһֱɭֱԵȻ¾ˣҲ֪ԷԼĻѽ
һβͬˣԷѾһˣҪԼãô̶̵һʱ䣬˫Ѿѷɻ޿ˡ˵ƣһ͵ˣ˼Ͼת䲻ô졣
д˻˵ʲôллɻЦ˵λѾأȻҾܹǲ˽˿ڵҲԲܽ
һֱһʣɻᵽ˿ʵ̲סˣſڵǸɻֵܰôͽ˿ߴѽǲô๥
ֵܣɻûʱشĻǵɴ۾ظ˱ǰĻ
ô㶼˫ˣҲֵܽʲôƵ˵
ɻ룬Ǿ˫ѣҲֵܽܣôҲӦýһŶԡ
ҽ磿һУҲͶʮһòãҶʮˣܽ𣿡
ɻǳ˳飬Ҷǧˣѵһ𣿡
Ƕ˶ôݣǣɻ硭磬㵽ôʹߴѽ
ɻһᣬҺͽ˿Ѿмˣ̫ݶԲֻҪ޶Źר̳޵ڵʵҺѾֻһΣһȻɱҵھӣҾΪ˸ھӱǡɾ˫õġ
Ƿɻ磬ڽ˿Ѿˣɭǲֻˣʵ
ңʲôԲɭ֣Һͽ˿ģɭУʲôǡ
Ѿ˰ѵܳưɭ𣿡Щ˵ոտǳսΪɻ㲻ɭеߣҲӦǼΪĴڲŶԡڷɻȻ˵Լʲôǡɭ֮е׶Щʲô
ɻЦһµոսʵȫʧһжҪֻ൱һͨѣһͷǶ򲻹
ʲôȻ飿󾪣Ϊʲô㻹Ҫأ
ɻƵģҲֻܴﵽҺͽ˿̶ֳȣͬԱ仯ʱûƣǿ󡣶Ҫģ֮󣬿뿪ɭ֡
뿪ɭ֣Ǵ޵ԸɭȷʵŹϵ䣬κε඼޷뿪ǲһ磬ֻ֮󣬲ſԴҡڵ߳ɭ֣ȥ续ɽӣ̻
۾𣬿ŷɻӣȥΣա粢ãпܱɭֻҪΣա
ɻҡҡͷûа취棬ո޳ɵڵȴκħ޴޶Źҵġ
޲Ҳкûֵ֮𣿡˫Ƶ˵ô޶Źأ
ɻЦɵãޱϾޣмܲɱءһǿ֮£мܹάƽ͵ľأο޵ıԾɱϴҲңҲΪҿҪľ磬Լʶͨǲġ
ǽ컹һͷǣǾĺء˫Щı
ĸӵԣﶼˣǱٴʱڼ״̬ԥĹġɻ̾Ϣ
˫һ˿û뵽޾ȻģԼǰΪĺ޻޲Լġ
ǴȥͺһɣҿԱġ˫˵
ɻͷҲãֻҪаʱ䣬ҾͿԻָ֮ǰʵʱҾͿԱˡ
Ҵȥʹ˵֤һΣնûС
ŰԸпһɻǲ⼸ˡǻɱˣڵ֪ɻʧ£Ѵڵˣ˫õ˷ɻڵľһܴ㲻ҪڵıҲǮ߻ȡԼҪĶǻӣҪõһڵҲһ׵顣棬ڴ˵веĴڰ
ԲѾû谭Ҳ˷ֱʱ̣źҪɭֵȥҪȥˡ
ڷֱʱʳԼĵ⣬ɭпݣȻɻʵġҲֻп֪
ɻ۳˼Σŵ˵ݡҪ뿿ԼѰҵݣ˵ǲܵġ
Ҫô죿ӵ𣿡æʵ
ɻֻ֪ɭеһС˵ɭֵһǣסʹҵǣпܻ֪ݵ䡣еʹͺпӵֶ
˶٣ɻֵʹͨࡣҲҪһЩĶɲܹʵݲУݣضʹȥ绻ȡԼֵƷ
ɻ磬֪ʲô𣿡ʵ
ɻҡҡͷ֪ܹ֪ЩֻΪҿʹ·ЩҲǰ˵֪ġɭֵΣգҴҲûнҲûǸʵܲҵǣֻܿˡ
źͷɻһЩɭֵ飬˲ŸԷֱ˫أɻű˫ɭֵȥźֱ߽ɭ߽ϢŨдС
ڣһĿ꣬Ѱҽǡ


352 
ɭֵһɽܸߡܴ
˼ɽ֪ɽǿյġ
ʱɽվһˣʮһ꣬ƮƮٷ硣
˾͸ˣ֪ɭֵ׵ˣֻһʹ¾Ȼ
վɽңԲķ˵
ո£ӰͻȻǴӲԶһ߳ġ
ϲ˸ţվɽʱ򣬸ǲϲˣֲ֪ʲôʱͻͻȻð뷨ʱض齻ȥ죬ʱͨǶԼ
ûзԸǾţͻȻ񣬱ʱԳ
ڴֵ飬ȷʵһ׵顣
һ޽Ϣǹȥ
ҡҡͷ̫ԶˣɭвܷУҪ೤ʱܵһϣʧҪҲҲˡ
߳ɭ𣿡һʵ
˵ͷȻᣬոսһûУɭ֮ôܹأ
ҲϸĿңԶһ˿ȻɭֵıԵҪ߳ȥҲһ롣
ûͷ߳ɭֵġϧ̫ԶڵҪЩ͵ȵˡ
˶٣˵ȥɡ
ɽȥʱһɽֻգۼ㵽ǰ¾Ȼˡ
ŶͦţʹӽǸϵˣʹǲġ˵
ǡԥƬֵ̣¾ȻڵľѾˣ߶Ҳգȥ᲻Ǵ鷳
۾Уİɣ¾ȻǺĵģż̰СǮҲûʲôϾࡣܸǴʲô鷳ʵǿΣУǿҲһ㡣
æͷǡ
˵¾ȻҪһµģϾҪһܰµʹףɣħһ͸¾Ȼ檡
¾ȻѾˣҪ͸ڵ޺ǧǰ˺ܹܶ࣬ģ͸һǲ˷ˣ
ûϵڵľ˵ֻһڵҲӲ˶ʵο͸¾ȻҲ˷ѣֻһܻ࣬ãʱЩڵҵģ
Ӣͬʱͷ˵
Цûпŵµͷ¶һŵĺ⡣
ߵҲֱ¹ʨ
˭Ҳ뵽ɭУֻĸ޽󣬶ᱻɱȡڵԼʵ
һɭ֣һȻæˣ߲Ŷ£ΪѰȡڵԼȴһҲòôûк⣿
һֵðοǣʹ¾ȻܹдһЩҩ֮ĶҩܹһЩʵֻǺõҩȴǱ£ֵеģֻһЩͽҩˣн׵Ķ˵ǼΪϡ֮
Ѿǧ꣬Ҳֻšͱһ³ͱðһвУһҪȫΪ£ʵʱҪֳġ
ոʨԳ¾ȻĵĺͷҲǱĵһַʽ
ĸɽ£ͿѵȺʱĳ¾Ȼ
¾Ȼһʮҵˡ⼸֪Ѿʮˡ
֪ʲôԸ¾Ȼæ˵
¶Цݣҵһݣ֪ܻܲɲݣ
ҵһţϲ¾Ȼ˵ұ֤һܹΪɲݡ
˵ͷһʮǰ˰ɣʲôҩõģ˵ɲݡʱҾͰǧݽ㣬ǵ㵱ʱҲո֤ģǻȴ˵һϣı䡣
¾Ȼֳһ˿⣬û뵽ʮǰ飬Ȼǵô¾ȻϾģһξϴεһȥ磬ɲǵҩǼϡ֮棬ҲǴ˵е룬Ҳֻе֮ҲпӵĶҷñ˴½йҵĻʵۣҲֻһʵһɲݡ
ʱ䣬¾ȻӦ˵һ˵ԼѴȻ֪ЩҪ˵Ϊܹ֤ԼȥʹѰɲһ㣬㲻һܹ뵽ġ
Ҳֻдǧĵ֮ңпӵϡ֮ܹΪʹ¾ȻȻҲһˡ
˶٣¾Ȼ˵ǻʵȴӦƽô˵У׿ڴӦҪݲܻһɲݡξԲ
Ŷôȥˣǻʵۻɲݻڻʹ֮𣿡۾ʵ
ʵۻڡ¾ȻæʮҴûзΪõǿɲݵĴ㣬һֱڹעĶÿγȥҶȥ̽Ѱһȵǻʵ֮ʱȥ̸УϾһֻжʮܹ꣬ϻͯݻ̫⣬ǵȵ֮ʱеͻ᲻һˡ
˶٣¾Ȼֵô꣬ȻҲûǹ顣
ãЦ㾹ȻΪ룬죬һ̡
ллʹͣھͳȥΪȡɲݡ
šӻͳžӨ͸Ĳݵݸ¾Ȼ·Сģǧųһţκβ
ģȻһɲݴ˶٣¾ȻֵٵȶʮĻܿһݾܻɲݣʱǸʵۻӦġ
ˡЦȻֻһɲݣôһݻŻûйϵݶ˵Ҳûʲôôٵȶʮˣɲ紫˵棬ܹҴﵽ޽ɵľ磬ƿǧǰǸػµĽ磬Ҫʲôܵò
˭Ҳ벻羹ػµģɭ֣죬޺ȥضһƽ١
ػʩչɭֲ½磬е޺ӡСʱǹɳǴʱġʱгɣ뿪ɭ֣ȴػһֱǧꡣ
ػµĽ磬ȴҲ㣬Ǹոսûһ˿ģ߳ɭֵķӡΪӡǶóġֻ赲ޡ
Ϊֹɭ֮УػְɭܶóɾأǱؼĹޣϲдľأɭֱԵһڣػڴһڣҪֹС
ֻϵûֹ˵̰ڱҳƽ֮ɭճһ׬Ǯĺõط
Ǻ֪ɭΣգеǿħ֣Ϊһǣ


353 ǣɭֵ
ź¡
սһս
һʮ״ֵĴ֦ҶïһռһķԲ
ʱ֦ź¡ڳ˵֦УʱһɫĹâ
źȴǺϾվھһԶĵط֦ó鲻˲ĻӶеĽµֵЩϮ̹⣬ȥЩ֦Ҷÿһӳһɫâ֦Ҷ
ڣ뿪ԲѾ¡Уһ
ûòЩľ
ź˵ҪٵһǺ׵һ飬ֻҪó˲ͻճһƬҽĻ͵òˡ
Ŀӻ̻˥ϣȻҽֶŲ֪Լʲôʱܹҵݣ֪֮䣬Ҫ׼һЩġ
һӺڲ趯֦ɣҲ費ˣеķֲ涼źֻʣһùͺͺ
ǰý֮һ漴Уȥˣµš
һӺŶһԴľм˳һƴСġͨɫɢĹâľʵģһ
˾޴һֻôһСģɼĵ
ܹ˵ɭекܶ࣬ΪЩѺǴʱɭѾˡ
źֵһǣǲû˵̫ΣգȻһ·ҲޣǵȵҲ٣ʵǺǿȻⲻǺǿҲֻǶź˵ġǰͷ»ıƾǺ⾳ľҲδܹԸˡ
˴úףҪǻ⾳ģҲ׾֦̹⡣
ɭҲЩ̫ˣΪ½յ֮һɭ֣Ӧ̶ֳֻȵΣա
ȡģǰȥǰ˶оһ
ţһˡ˵
ŵͷǲһˡ
תһȦϸĿ˿Χûʲô仯Ҳûʲôͬﲻһأ
ų˼Ƭ̣Ȼޣһ·һ޶ûǲǺܲ
ԣŵĻҲŪԭ֮УǻҲû˰һֻҲûȻɭ֮е޲̫ǿ󣬵Բ٣һʮֻҲǼΪһ顣һֻҲԵòѰˡ
Ϊʲôأ᲻Ϊ⸽ľסû޳֣
ĵطô˾סأɭְ۰׿ţ˼˵Űɵ˰ɡ
ЦǷɻ˵Ļɭһǵġ
ûô֪ǲġ˵ΪĵطǲӦ˾סģοɭ֮һǵĻôһҲ֪أ
ҲǣҲܡŴʱҲ֪ɻ˵ĵǼˣĿǰɭеΣճ̶ȿǸһǳصĻǲû֪ġ
һһ˵ʱȴͻȻͣסһ˫۾˿ǰ棬漴תͷ˵ˡ
ʱҲǰ棬ǰһﴦһʮ߰ŮڵϲĢŮӺҲѷɫ֡
һľź˵ܹġ
һŮӻᵥһĢ¾ɵ˵᲻
ҡҡͷ֪ʹҲӦɻոսһϢҲûС˶٣ֵĻڵϲĢ𣿡
Ӧòᣬѵˣ룬ǹȥɣһ֪𣿡
Ҳǡ
˾ŮȥһȴͻȻǰ
ǴԱߵһתģźµʵûзִǺʱصǿġ
Ŵ󾪣ѵһֱԼҲӦֲܹŶԡ
ʲôʵܹԼ߻
֡һǺԼʵࡣһǸԼ
һ֣ųԾˣӦɭǿĴˡ
ˣʵ
Էȫһ˵վԼǰۿɻĽ֮ſɲҶ϶Լǰ
ɭĿԵҪöࡣ
¹ֱӴ
ŽĶǰ¹ǬָһѶһ
ս׼
¹ţֿ˿еĽͻȻЦˣôţǺģڻö֡
ţ㶣飿֮ʲôģ
¹룬ǰʮǽǡ
ǣһԭɭһǣɻ˵һ㶼ź¾ǱŽģɻ˵ݣôϣʹУʹеĿҪһ㣬ΪɭеĶʹȥ׵ġ
ʹסڽС
Ȼ𾪣ŲûбֳǵĵǺʲôϵ
¹۾𣬵һϵҲûУߵйϵˡ
ŶŲĿ¹
¹˵涼˵ɭкΣգȥ˶ܻųʵк߽ܶɭֵ˶˳ȥûܳȥˣΪǿ˽ǡ
ųĬƬ̣˼ǲ˵ǵ˶
¹ҡҡͷǣǵ˿ֻв£˻ߵ˲Ż˶٣¹ֵǣѡڽһӣôϾͿԳΪǵľѡҪߵĻֻһ
ϸϸľ׽¹Ļе塣
¹ˣҿԸ㣬ɭ̫󣬺ܹܶ罻ĶҪɼҪɼһЩõʵģǸСŮ˵ţ¹ָָһǸŮһЩܼ飬ȡԼáǺһܱ绹Ҫá
ֻҪѡڽǣǾͿԻ˵ǰЩɭʧˣǶˣкܶ˽ǣ𣿡
¹ͷһûУе˻˺һǸŮǰûмǴˣӦþǺܾúܾǰµĺ
ڣǿѡˡ¹۾𣬵ھͿԴ̳еĽ
תͷ£ô죬ġ
ͷҲͦõģɣһֱҪģ𣿡
Ϸݵ񡣡аޣ漴¹˵ǺãǾڽǡ
¹¶ЦݣӻͳԲεСӣݸ˵ӣǾǽǵľˡֻҪ뿪ԲķΧͲΣաҪסһ뿪ķΧᱻߣ
ǿԺǸСŮһؽǣҲԼȥǰһֱ߾ǡ䣬¹ת߽ɭС
žվֱȷ¹ԶŶԵµ֪ô죬û뵽ô׾ҵˡ
ҲЩ˷ܵ˵ǰüĿˣոǸͦƵģҪСĲС
šŵ˵ͷ¹Ӧþ˰ɣɭȷʵһ򵥵ĵط
һ˵һԶСŮȥ


354 ޱ
źһֱߵСǰСŷǡ䲻˰СһеӶˣĿ˵˭ô
ź¶һۣ벻СŮΪʲôôķӦ¼ƵģҲѹ֣ɭֵҲȷʵӦ˳֡
Ǵģոտ¹Ժǽǵˡ˵Ҳǽǵ˰ɣܴܲǻȥأ
Сգգۣеľ轥ȥŶԭǺðɣھʹǻȥ
С¼ӣڵصĢװãתźŽȥ
ҽ£šһߣһ߽ԼСãʲô֣
ҽкޱǽСޱͺˡ
СޱոǸ¹˵ʮ·أôһôԶ˲ᵣĵ𣿡ʵ
ޱûΣգ﷽Բ֮û޵ģôΣأ˶٣ޱֵҲûмˡ
û˵û뵽ޱСС;û˼ˣԼ⻰ܿöԷˣǿı飬ֲĵӡ˵ûмˣ˵˵һ
һСŮӦеı𣿾ĸĸСʱ뿪ˣһҲӦ˸аɡ
ͻȻ֮ãŮЩ֡
ûкͺޱ˵ʲôһ·ĬߵǣޱҲһϲ˵ˡ
ǣ˵һǣʵһׯ˵˵С෴˵úܣػоûκһǱ󣬱ǽھǵİҲС
˵ǣΪûгǽҲûдһǳصĳûʲôߵȵĽһжǴׯķԲӵһͰķݣֻĵһֵӣ΢һ㣬ֵҲ˵ֻ̣ǵһǳ˵ҪٵĿã̶ֵͦȫ
ǳΨһһĽڽǵϱߣǳ¾Ȼҡ
¾Ȼǽˣеĵ̶ҿġ˵ǳеľڳ¾ȻУҲ㣬ڽ۷ʲô飬¾Ȼܽ
һַʽ˵¾Ȼǽǵ
˶֪¾ȻʹڽУⲢܡ
˴Ҳû˸ҵ¾ȻǲҲңΪ¾ȻĻѡһַΪʲôϡ
ޱļڽǵߣ¾ȻԶ
ӲãҲ㻵
ӦôҪסһֱޱļУ²ٴοʵ
ޱڽһжֻܿԼҪ׬ǮԵ鹽ݡ֮Ĳҩеĵ̶գ˵Щ綼Ǯʵǿ󣬻ȥɼģҪ¼룬õ׼ſ߳⡣
ҪסأʵɲҪɼЩģǲô˵ҲҪһסĵطС
ޱûа취ˣǵķ࣬ҪǮСҲˣûйܷ䷿ݵģе˿κ飬û˻㡣һжҪʳ
Ǯ۾һҲûʲôǮһжð죬ֻǲ֪ǮҺػ½һһ뵽æӻͳһѾңܻ𣿡
ޱ۾𣬡ңǮȻôྦྷҡ
Ҳþңޱı飬ֳһ˿Ц⣬ǺûдǮҶͨġ
šޱͷ˵ǵǮҺһģΪǮǳ¼ҴģֵǮһܻһǧأûмʲôӵģ⾧һϴȥ鹽ʱ򣬿õء
벻ޱôµСޱǵǲǶ
ޱ˵ͷ󲿷ֵ˶Żǲġ
µ˵ͷҪأʵ
ǸһϵûУҲʶѣĵĻԼס⣬ǱҪϽġ
ĿշӺܶġкܶҪߣûлӱЩշӶ¼ҹֻҪǮȥ򶼿ԡ
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ޱҡҡͷҲ֪ӦûУ˵ֻҪ뿪Ͼͻᱻɱǵõ¼ҵ׼˭һܵġ
˶٣ޱֵȥӣҿԴȥ򡣡
ﶼԣ⸽ɣпŵķ𣿡˵
ޱ˵ͷָǰ治Զ䷿ݵǸǿŵģǿ𣿡
Ǽ䷿ӾޱֻмʮԶ
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Ҵȥÿһг¼ģﲻԶС
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ޱָ˵Ժʲô飬Ϳˡ
Уֻһͷ׷˰ǽߵĿϡ
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ҲһϸûС˵ǣֻҪԼͺá
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УŸоԼŵһƻ㡣ۣȴԼһƬɫĹâС
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ػ˵ͷ£Ҫ׼ΪǽԼ֮ҪӵʱںںΪһ壬ǳ룬ǽҲûлᣬԺԶҲ޷ˡ
Ŷ㶣оػĻЩס뷢ʣػͻȻ˵ĻԶҲ䲻˵ˡ
ôһ֪ˣһź塣
Ǻãҿʼˡػû˵һӣһâźµ壬һ̣˶ĸоһֱӵеϵ˲жϡ
壡ػһ
ػΪ֤Լػ˵򵥡
˿ҵ飬æһɫâڡ
еһжţ˼룬궼£š񾳣ڻ㣬Ľϡ񾳣ǾͽĴšػ˵š
ʱѾȥžվоڳŵǿľ⡢Ƥ࣬Ķ̶ʱڣ˱仯øӼͣ
ף¾ȻҵĶײ֮»ܲԭ򣬺񾳵ʾǺ⾳ܹģǺ⾳ҲС壬ѳԽļޣڣ˵Ҳ޲ɡػԣ̤˺񾳣ǿż
ֻǣȴûаϲ֮ɫһƬãȻ̶ȴֳŭ
һͻȻһ𣬾ֱָǰػ񣬵ƭҡ
ػͷ΢΢ʹûƭ㣬ֻҪػľ磬¾ͻٴγߡ
ŵ΢΢ڽ񾳵һ˲䣬ºԼǺ壬ȫںϣȫԼڣҲˡһжԼһ˿ʶҲûбºʧؼ䡣
ػľ磿ԼڴɽɵɲݵǸСϣǼľеĴϿ硣
׽ǡϴ衪ǡ徳龳⾳񾳡ػʹػػ
ǲ˵ػľ磬Ҳˣ۾֪ľ״ﵽģӺ⾳񾳱ôѣûг¾ȻԼµɲݣ⾳㣬ٻҪʱ䡣Ҳ֪ԺԽԽѣػʹػ磬ܿһҲ޷Խ
ţ˵ػ񿴳Ķŭˣ֪ǰ˵һӦںϣԶҲ벻˺񾳣ûлȫˡ
ҲܺãҴҲΪ·Ҫǰģɡ֪ЩҪҵĿģһϵûС˵ɣΪʲôҪ½񾳺ٲܻʵǿѹеŭʵҪ֪ࡣ
ػĬƬ̺˵ΪħħѾ򣬲֮Ȼһƽ١ţֻпֹⳡƽ٣ôΪǸࡣ
Ϊ࣬ΪԼ۾ʵ
ػǸħռħĻҲħ˵ΪԼĻҲǲԣҪңΪǸ磬Ǹˡ
Цûټ⣬ֻʥ˲е˼룬Ϊ˵뷨ŴҲûйͻȻʵôʱ䣬Ҳûпˣܸ𣿡
ػסĿš
۾𣬡ǲڻûػľ磬ǲ
ػһ仰Ҳ˵
ǧǰ񶼣ǧ㻹ûػľ磬˵ʲôȫģ㾹ȻĻƭҡ
еĽͻȻХ
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ŵ΢΢г˷ŭ;Ĥǧػ񣬾ȻƭԼ
ôˣʵڲġ
ţţʱͻȻһһޱϤµ
£Ŵĺ
ŵĺػ¶һ˿̣һ̣֪ԼǶǴѹ¶ǧ꣬˽ŵ飬Ҳֻ˽⡣
ǧǰػʹﵽػľ磬ǧĽ죬ػƾʵһҲ񣬿ǣʼ޷ߵػ񾳽磬ǾӺ⾳񾳣ͲǿܹģͲ֪Ҫôܹػ񾳡
ȷʵƭšͲ֪֮˻᲻
ڿ״ƷȻһ˿̡
ֻǣ֪ȷʵڽšǰ˵ֻһػߣֻʵԶԶܹ࣬񶼣ѾһС
ΪԼľһģǵػ޶ǰˡ֪֮ȴĲͬ
ػԼԸԼػ¡ûС
ԼͬʱڵҲ˺һģһػԼҲûС
źͬԣֻҪŻţ¾ͲֻԼԡ
ڽ񾳵һ̣ȷʵһУ˼ȫʧڣڣΪǸԣһٴλع顣
ţҪһڡǰûʲôǻȥµŵġ
ֳЦݣԼָܵµĴڡ
ݺݵĿػһۣ˵²ûʲô飬ĵҪôܻȥ
ػһ㶣ϴЦô䣬Ĳˡ
ھȥػһâǰľɫٴη仯ֻͷһѣΣٴѵʱ򣬷Լɭ֮С
˵ܲ뿪Լ壬ȴͻȻ߲Զһٽ¾Ȼʺ


366 һָ֮
źµʶ񶼼ػʱɭҲһ˼顣
ʱ˵嶼ɫâһҲ֪Ȼӵ
Ȼ˺ܶѪ˵Ҳᣬʱһֱڻָ˭ûע⵽ȻѾܹվһֱڵһᡣ
ոź±ڵɳԶ¾Ȼûע⵽ȻȻҲûܿ¾Ȼеϻ
ʱҶ֪׻жҲ֪źѾԡ
ֱŸվΪ¾ȻӣѾȷĸûһˣȻһź»ȥΣյĵطָ
Ȼһǰǿ˿סźµİɫâȻ֪Ϊʲôᷢ״˼ȴȫ
ֻ΢ĴһۣȻ˸׵ǰ׵֣ȡöǬָ
¾ȻͻȻۣĿԼĶӡ
Ȼ¾ȻͻȻ˵
ȻһæγһָԼĸףЩŵĿŸ׵
¾Ȼƽ˵ΪһɲݣҪɱԼĸף
Ȼڲֻõɲݡ
¾Ȼ̾Ϣһ֪˭ӵеģöָֻɱ֮
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ĸ˵һûУǽָȷʵΪɱ֮ɱĸ硣
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ĪڴˣԼŮԼɱǲǶķ̣
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СʱͿʼӴǮȨˣҪͨĺӺںܶ࣬ҲǵֵܻУ߱λԭ
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ܸоԼ޴ı仯ڵĻһʯҲʲô⡣
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367 綾ָ
ߵ¾ǰۿһŵĺھɱ㣬ǳ¾ȻĶӣҾ͸һᣬ³ˡ
䣬űתԳ¾ȻҲûп¾һۡ
¾ȻڵȻĵĺܶ࣬Ŵʱȫʵ¾Ȼٻָֻȴûʱ֡
Լ仯̫Ҳ̫ǿڻûգԼðȻ־¾Ȼпͻҷˡ
¾Ȼǰ󣬷վϸڵ鿴Լı仯ж
һӵʱ䣬ŪԼڵɿԷֻֿڷֿ֮ȴںϣոչ¾ʱõľǻֻǻȴһЩˮʹûİԵһΣˮʱҲĻ룬ǽȴʹŵˮԸͣƣЧһ
µı仯ЩȴȫʱڵȫںһȫںϺûлı壬ҲûˮͣһҲûУһ磬޺ۼ
ĵ֣ûʲôôȫںϺȴǵһ
ҲΪΣܼ򵥣ֻõͲ㡢в͸߲֡
򵥵˵ʹˮһһʱֻǺ񾳵Ͳľ磬Ͼֻոս񾳣ǰȫںһž;˽ӽвʵ
ɣǧǰ񶼼ɵѧ
ܹıֵĽ֮࣬ȷʵͬĵ޷Ӧֻƾ㣬˵񶼻ɵȷʵЩǣǿ
ڵţʱǰ񡢳¾ȻѾ񾳶ĽҲ޷档
⣬ȴֻŷֵһֶѣķŸոֳʱ֪ɻиĵطѲǴҶֽôˡ

ŪԼı仯һɫâס¾Ȼ壬ˮܹ¾Ȼϵơ
ٴλӳһε¾Ȼڣȫܺˮں󣬾ӰΡ¾Ȼκε˺ٴų¾ȻڲдתΧռһ̶ų¾Ȼӿ룬ͻȻȴһҲ˺¾ȻľŵǵûһԵȫס˳¾Ȼоס˷ӿ
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ԣǲŹЦ˵ܹٴλصԼߣжػĺǵ࣬ǣǺ޵ġ
ΪʲôûǸػ˵ȫʧȥʶأЩƵ˵ţҲûʧȥǺʶֻˣôһ飿
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¾Ȼ̾Ϣʮ꣬ġϧԼѡҲûа취ˡ
ɻĿ˳¾Ȼһۣ漴һЩʲôʵɲݺݶڽָУǽָʲôأ֪ԼϣոڱµʱѾо˻еϻ·Լȫ˶ʱŰϻˡûмݳʲôӣҲ֪ݣоɢıҪŨǧ򱶵Ϣ
Ҳʳһ仰
¾ȻǶҩ֮ľ綾ǽָӦõеģڿȴˡ¾Ȼûи߳¾顣˳¾ᣬ¾Լѡ·ӻǵģȻ¾ȻĲκһĸ٣ûһĸŮ˽İ
¾Ȼһ̾ϢȻؽǰɣҪؼҿһƻûгɹ


368 յذ
Ϊ˶Ը¾Ȼνɷѿġ׼˺ܶ꣬ڻһƻ֪ʲôļƻأ
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һֺĸоָоܺܶ˶йеʱһѰ飬оۡһһ˿Ϊͷ˲һĸãеѹҲһʧӰ١
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ŶΪʲôôΪأ̲סʵ
¾ȻЦЦΪƻѽ˺ܶ꣬͵һ죬Ƕ֤ҵļƻܿܳɹˡֻǲġ
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漴ޱɢĹ⣬âһŨһ䵭һʱ󣬹âȫʧޱۣȴûпԼĸգֻһֻѩ׵СԼűߡ
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Ҳվ󲻹ӵʱǰǿյذͻȻѣ漴ͼһ˴˳
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Ų֪˲¾Ȼ˵ײβֻһͨˣ֪Ķ࣬Ϊһ飬˺ܶϹŵĴ˵ƽҲΧ֪˵ԨǾºšֵ֪ԽԽ࣬ıһЩ֮һЩ⡣
ʱ˻ᣬһõȺãϲģҲϲġԲѵԭйء
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378 иĵ
ź»û߳˵ļңһ˴߽
һˣʮһ㣬Ҳᳬʮꡣ
ֻ߽ɨźһֱۣ˴ǰϸĿ˺һŵû
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˽ҶУҶһңЩֻڣȴֻʣҶһˡ
ҶǶĵֻҪţľ־ûнҪɱүүǲҪĵġѾһᣬûеõˣȻҪҽҪջضծġ
סģҲġײ֪Ҷ˵ûе֪Ҷһ仰ȷģǾҪɱүүȷʵҪĵģ㶯һ¾ͿҪүү׻֪ʵûеɽģȭͷӲǵɱҲǵ
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޳û˵ӦнħޣڴɽֻޣΪŸ߽ܶħ޵ħʹɸ߽ףǺټģһֻҲδܳһֻҲǰһֱźܾõԭ򡣶˵ŵЩħĶ顣
ǰֻޣȴһּΪĸоΧ¶ȶ½ʮȡ
üܸӦɢħһֻͨнħô򵥡ħҵƬ꣬綼˱仯ٱҵƬƬᷢʲô飿
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뵽ЩʱѾ޵ħϡһ죬ħ顣
ҵײʹõһʮʮɿĴӡǿʮ׸ߵļҲ÷顣
һнħ޵Ǳȸ߽ħҲҪǿ󼸷֡
ԴԼ⣬ûв֮硣нҲһ±ˣֻһżˡ
תҪѰһüȴ˴ɽնֻƬ֮㵽ǰסȥ·
ԭ˵Σղޣˡ


379 ҵ
˴ɽնת˲Χסš
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ŵ˵ͷһֻޣսʱСĻٻһá
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ʦǣڷ˵ģ˵˶һƬҶУ㾹Ȼٻһãﵱ
ȻʶˣҲʶֻҵ𻨡üҲ֪ʲôˣֻ֪һɽԲ˭ģʲô˼
Цʮ꣬û˸˵Ļǵһ
Ŷ۾ͻȻЦһֱţκ𣿡
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ֻǣɱţҲ顣һȱˡ
ˣһԥûУеĽʦʺ
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ħȴûзųŵĽ̫졣
ħʦҪ죬ħʦֻһɲǣŵĽѴüġ
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˻һۣͻȻͬʱȥֱնת۾ȥߵıʱҪࡣ
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ƾȥҲת뿪ȥһü
ңٻɽȻ࣬Ҳ̫١ԣɽϣûбȼߵֲ˲ӵʱ䣬űҵ˵ڶü
ûޣֻҲûн𻨡ڷԲѰ˰ʱҲûĻưɫĽ𻨡
Ƶġ׵ġϵġġġɫĻУȴûлưɫ
뿪ҵ˵һͷħޣһͷɫĻƽ𻢡ڵʳħѾûлɫˣȫǻҺɫ
һûҴ⣬СĲһƽ磬ûһڽѰҽ𻨣һ߶ܻƽ³ĺɫħֱȷϽûн𻨺ŲŻһȭƽ𻢵ħ
ɱƽ𻢣˽硣ոһιŸоóƽ𻢵ʵѳͨнħޣȻûдﵽ߽ףǰĻƽȣĿɲç˵һô򵥡
ɴ˿ħʵǿˣѵҵһƬꣿ
ҡҡͷ뷨ħҵƬ꣬ǻƽӦǴﵽ˸߽ħ޵Ľ׶βŶԡ
ΣӦħʵҲԭȻûҵƬ꣬ħʵɻľ磬ѾҪħҪǿԭˡѾǿżı仯ǣǲҲԶտԼҪ˵ʱʱ̶̿״̬УǳԷ˯ڵתֹͣ
Ҳ˺񡢺ħ֮

һûзѶźܿҵ˽𻨡⻨ھʮԶĵط
ưĻ꣬мһصĻɢһֿɬ
ɵ𻨣أ뿪׻ɽ
֪ߺ󲻳ʱ䣬֮ǰַܵ˻ȻִȻǽʮӣҲδظŵ鷳
ֻһѾˣҲûܱˡ֪ǵ˻Ǳ
ʱ䣬ظϵʱҶ˵ļС
ºһ仰˵һҪɱˣ㲻ֹҡ


ٰʮ ӽ
Ҷٴ˼УһˡʵǺܺ棬ԷһֶûңΪʲô˵Ҫɱ˵ĻΪᶨǼƣ˭ҲֹҪɱˡ
¿Ҷһŵǲ֪뿪ˣԲŸģ
ҶҡҡͷҲ֪뿪ˣ᲻
µͷᡣ
ǺãҿԵɱˡ
ŶҶһӣ̲ס㲻ΪɱõĻҲƾһ˲ֹءǵȵŻһҲûˡ
²˽ҶҶȻҲ˽£ҶӦûԼµģ֮ǰûг֡ҶУӦõʱŶԣ벻ΪʲôҪŻΪʲôҵŻѵһʱ䣬ʵһ磿
Ȼǲܵ顣ҶҶʵ¶ܸӦԷһ߶ѣһʱ䣬һ仯ûС
Ҷһ£˿£Ȼ˺ûãȴһ֮Σˡ˺ܾ󣬼ȻǰûɱˣҲһҪǰɱУһı䡣
ǰɱˣգգۣιҶ֪֪ǰɱˡ˶٣ֵֹͬǰɱˡ
Ҷ˵ͷԣҾͬ⡣
תͷףЦЩ
죬˵
Ҷȴô˵һҪɱˡ
ͻȻҶ˺ȤһܺõĻ֣ȴֻǾţһҪŻɡ
ܸܲҪôºʵʵ벻Ҷʲôŵǰɱͬ⡣ҶûзĻһ뵽һֵֺķ
Ҷȴҡҡͷһ仰˵
˵仰Ҷǿαϣ۾ʱ²ſϵƣ롣һ뵽ƣ룬Ѻ
Ǽ켸ҹûϢƣۣǶʧȥľ⡣
»˵һЩʲôǿȴһҲû˵
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ƻʱ֣Ҫ׼ʱͻȻ˴ƿ漴ž˽
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ߵ˴ǰͻȻ˵Ҷôֻˣ
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ҶûɲӦҺ֮飬һϵûС
ûǵһϵûС˵ֻѾˣһ˵ΪҪҪˡҵõҪϢǰҵˣҲ˵ҵĶˡңɱҵĶˣҵ˼𣿡
Ҷ˵ͷûϵԾҲҪʵ飬һٶһ㲻ѣôҾͺһ
Ҷһʲôʵ
ˣɱˣӮˣҪҵ
µĿҶͻȻЦҲһĹûбҪȥġңҲҪ
ҶһʧӣӦúҶĵģ˶һţӦðӮ
ŵҲģҿԾˣ֮ĶԹԼȥɣҪҲ
Ҷ˵Ȼ˵Ȼ˵ʲô
תˣǬָȡ𻨣֭Һ˿С
˶ĵţһʱʱ䣬˱˹
ۿţһ㾪춼ûУſڱҰɡ
ŵͷ
ֵʲôɡ
㶣ֱ˽ˣȻҲ֪
𣬵֣֪Щʵܼ򵥡Ҳʶ㣬㲻Ե޹ʵңôȻ󣬶Ψһܰϱ˵ģǱһ˶֪һЩ顣˶ѡ
䣬תͷҶˣҪҵɡ
Ҷͷ
̲סô֪ҪģȻѾ˼ѪǵĶľֱѾˡΪʲô˵ɱأ
˵Ҳܼ򵥣ΪһϢʹҶҼֻʣҶԼҶʵԶԶ˳еԹ޴йֻҡֻɱ˲еԹʱһЩ
˶˶٣ֿҶ˵ֻǣɱҲûáᷢһҲںáֻҪĳ˻ţԶʹ֮С
Ҷ۾Ŀˣһŵ˵Щʲôҽ춼Ҫɱ㡣ϴεĶľֿˣڣҪٶһΣȻ
ҡҡͷתͷŵʲôϢҪңڿˡ
ſ˿Ҷֿˣ벻˽ᷢʲôҲûʡ
ֻ֪Լ顣
ֱʵ֪֮
֮һ㶣ϸĿźðΣŵҪ֮
ŵͷ
˵֮ԨȰ㻹ǲҪȥˣȥҲǰȥ
Ϊʲôʵ
˵Ԩǰһ˵ħս֮ʱĶħؽԨְԨӡ㲻ܴķӡġ
һ취Ҳû𣿡ʵ
˳˼Σŵżϼأֻһ취ܹԨķӡ
ʲô취
ֻп֮ŵܴԨķӡ
Ĵţ㶣ػ񣬽֪֮ԼѾżҲ⣬С
ͻȻ¶Цݣ˵ʲô
סϸĿŰΣѾʥļˣ
ÿһһżУʥǽĴţħħʦ㡣
ŵҲǱˣҵΪȴǿ൱ʥľ硣
˵ֻһҶһһμʱԼΪʲôԷĳ֣ҲԷĽˡԭԷʵѴﵽ޷ĵز
ֵ㻹
ҡҡͷûС
ҲĴţ
ûС
ǲɡ˵
ɣ㶣õƿӡ𣿡
ȻС˵ͬӵԼʶֻһˡõֻвŻᷢӳڱУֻһͨıжѡ
סȻһʦŲ֪֮˵
˵ֻļ䣬µʧ֪ȥ
֪ļΪ𹭡ǹӽӰ
ǹУûдﵽ񾳡Ǳ̻ģȻҲԨķӡ
ӰħģħҪƿӡ練ƣŲȥħ˵֪ħģ֪Ҳȥ
ûмľֻоӽˡ
ſˣͻȻʵ֪֪ӽ䣿
֪ҵȻ֪˵ҶұţΪӽ
ţſҶȴҶҧס촽ҧѪ
ӽҶ˵


381 ͷ
Ų֪ҶұΪӽ
ӽûгˡ
Ҳûж֪ӽǰҶ
񽣵Ȼʧ꣬ӽ㱻Ҷһûгں쳾ΪһֱûѰʺԼˡ
ʱ䣬Ӧ֪񽣵Ŷԡ
Ϣȴ֪ˡΪҶöģҲöġһЩˣǻٶľֽȥһСơ
Խ࣬ͨҲȵԽࡣҲԽ
ƽʱٳĬҲûࡣǣҶԼ˵Ѿû֪ܡ
ʱڳĲֻһˣбҲڳҲ仰
ȴΪ⣬ӽˡ
ǣҶұš
ֵĻô׿˵ҶԼҲҶԭ
˱һЩģǶѡҲΪ㣬ҶŸˡ
ãƾ飬ҲӦðϢȥ
ڣӽҶɫȻˡû˵Ҷ˵ˣҪһڣӽ
۾ЩҶ֮ĳԹˡ
̾ϢһҶǲ˵ȥġ
㻹˵ˡҶ˵
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ǶԷһвˣ˵ǲǾͻɱ㣿
ҡͷѾһʮˣѹ˺Ǹ䡣
Ŷ۾𣬡գֲвôԷô˵˵أһź֣Ȼһ˵ܵķǧ֣ⲻյıʡȻһֽɫգѾһˣҲɫϣҲ˻һнľķ
ʵ벻еԭֻܵ˵Ĵ𰸡
̾ϢһԷҲû˵ʲôֻ˵ҪҲ˵ɱ̫ƽˡٲ˵ɱǵˡ
ɱһǳصˣŵҲɡϾһǣ൱ںԣʲô˸˭һ㣿㲻ΪŻ𣿡ŵŲšҲѹ֣ҵʲô˸
ǡ˵˵Ҫһǣһǣһа١
ŶźĿˡ
ֵΪǷˣ˵ĻԲǿЦ˵ҪժϵǣҲһժһŻ
ˣüͷǵãڰ׻ɽѰҽ𻨵ʱ˾˵ԼǷ˵¡˵ʵȻһ㣬ǿżż˶ʦʹħʦһźǿ
һʲôˣѵ£ͻȻԷ˲˺ܴȤ
ǲҲУֻоӽ˲ϣƿԨķӡӽпܾڷ˵ϣŵȻҪ˽ԷһʲôˣԼܿҪ˽Ӵ
űҪһӽǾӽѾԷǴﵽ񾳽ǿߣôҪ˼ҰæƿӡǾӽûôžҪѽһԼܹܲΪ񽣵ˡ
˳Ƭ̣˽зԴûв֪ģʮǰʹﵽʥľ磬Ǳһ˵ͽ鲼䡣ǹҪ֣ǳصĳҪϥǳصĳǷԴĵӡ˴Ҳû˸ҵ
Ҳû˸˵ʵſڰ׻ɽ˲ɷ˵ҪɱԼΪһ񽣵䣬ǲϧˣһ˾ԲˣαӶǡ
һαӣλεռһɽҲ˵Ļ
˵˵ͷû˸˵˼һ£ֵһ˵㲻ãɱǧ˺󣬱ûٸ˵ˡɱǧˣʣµǧ˹ƶ˵ĺãȷ滹á˵ô
ŵ˵ͷ˱˼˭˵Դ˵Ļһˣĵͽ鲼£Ƕڱ˵ϰ֣ܶᱻ֪£˭˵Ƕˣ
ң˵ҲӦûãϵȨͨڶС
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ǣŻһôӽӦڷԴˣ
˿ҶһۣҾͲ֪ˡ
ҶѾܾû˵ʱڿڵһصУ˶ˣһӳȥҲûСҲһѻյøɸɾȻֱƻһשû¡Ҳ֪ӽڲڷԴУֻ֪Ѿҵļ
ŵͷû˵
Ҷ˵㻹Ҫ𣿡
룬ֶʵԨʲôط
˵ڱػĽ紦ڴɽһˣλҾͲ֪ˡʵûһԨҲȷһĹżͨЩȥϢ֤ʵģһطеġ֮ҲжϳġΪб֮ŨĵطԨֱꡣ
ŵͷʾͬͬʱֿ£ҲڿԼжһָоݴԵСɽ棬ӦþԨˡ֮һŴ򲻿Ľ硣ǵصֺ˵Ǻϡ
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ҪģҪҵһӵĺ񾳸֣ԷæƿӡԼܹӵһ
ȥǹ𹭺Ӱڿǵϣֻܷھӽˡ
е󶼱ӽʱڷԴ˵ϡ۷ԴʲôˣŶҪӴ
ͻȻЩڵ˰׻ɽϵˣЩûаȫɱҪȥҷԴ֪᲻ῴˣ᲻Լ鷳
˼ʱҶֿ˵㻹Ҫ𣿡
ű˼ǣ̧ͷҶֿ˿ˣûʲôҪˡ
ǺáҶͻȻ˵ҪٶһΡ
˵۾
Ҷͷ
ֵǬָһҶͻȻͶһѵѵصķϣǲҩ˭Ӯˣõ¶Էͷ


382 Ӯһ
۾ҶˣʵںܺҪôģﲢǶĳҲûжľߡ˺ûߵ˼ⳡĲҪڶĳС
ͷϣ˸վӵһߡ
ҶĿˣڵȶԷĴ𸴣ڻûдӦҶ
Ĳһ飬ܶ˶֪˵ȴƽһ顣
۶ĵıƽ񣬵ǶĲ˫ҪȫͬСǶһͬ⣬ôľ־Ͳܳ
һϸĶͽҪ߱һ㣬š
ҪǩֻѺҪ֤֤עֻҪ˫һ仰Ĺ̶֣֮ǶƷһûжƷĶͽǲܱ֮Ϊͽġ
ҶˣѾʶ˼ʮ֮꣬ʲôԹȴԷĶƷ
һεĳҩһ֤˵ĶƷﵽ˶ʥļ
Ҷڵȣ˵Ĵ𸴡Ҳ˲ܾԼһõĶͽܾκζע
Ȼ˵˵ͷǿٶһΣעҪһı䡣
ŶҶ۾𣬡㲻ҺҶ
˵Ӯˣõҵͷ˶٣ֵˣߡ
˶ססססҶס
һʱ侹û˵ۿˣ벻˻˵Ļǵ˵үүʮʮġʱ˵˺ҶаԼӮһҲûӮˣΪʲô뵽Է֮Ҫô죿
˵ĻܴȣҪԼӮöԷߡ仰ܸжˣһ仰ͨʮյ˲Ż˵ģͨʮ˵ġ
һҲûӮˣӦ˵һ仰
úҶڿڣĶעƽ
ЦЦҴҲûҪɱ㣬㣬ҵֻΣĲƽҪģĶעǲͬ⣬ұ㲻ġ
ãҶġҶ۾𣬵˵ɣʲô
תͷĴһֱۣߵһűߣǴͨҵţϹŰ
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һΣҶʱڳԷǾûĵģˣ˻׺ֳһͻ׺ļѪ
һεĶľ߾һ
ıܼ򵥣ǶǶǮȨǶƣʵ鷳ֻҪ˫лᣬǹƽĶġ
һĿҲܹƽµ˫ռ50
˰ѵϵӶյһ𣬷ϡһվһߣһһŵӵ
˸飬ĶϸÿһžеӣıʯСڸԼˡ
ҲǶͽеʣһõĶͽеĶľߣڽеһľ֡
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źҲ˳ȥ߳¥ߵ̫ƽĴϡ
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Ҷأ
ҶûУҸҿ϶Ҷûס˵˵ҶˣҲһʮ߿ӣŲµĵغûжκֽš
գգֵۣǲǿ˵ˣӶһţֻǶûпô׵ģ
пܡ˵ҲԤϵⳡĲǰ׼һӡЩǶûһϵ
šµ˵ͷ֪Ҫ飬ҪȥǸԴˡҪ֪ӽڲС
жٲΪ֪飬Լ޹ء
ǡ
źǣûֱȥԴңһԴϺܽľ¥˾¥Ķ㣬һλãҪһƲˣһߺȾƣһ߿ŷԴլۡ
ԴҵĹģܴ󣬱ԱߵĳҪѹŸոմʱ·˸ĽǷԴˡ仰ûа١һУȳĽŻǵһμһ˵Դжǿ
¥Ķ㣬ԿͥԺеļɽ¥󣬺̨ͤȣ԰С
ԺоȻкʹգգۣǵһοôͥԺһһƧֵ֮С
еͥԺһƬǲҲЩ˼飿
ҲͷѰ졣ӽڷԴϣǽΪһ벻
ȷʵЩˣֻһլۡˣҪʲô÷ԴԼ򿪷ӡ
֪ԷҲԼܹ˵ġԼöԷеĶ
ǿ˵
˵Դڼʮǰﵽʥľ磬ĵͽ£Ҫ֣ҲδУʧпܴ鷳ΣաŻûԴֻԼǿߣħħҲ֪µǿֻ߲һкܶ˻ڲΪ֪ĵطҲǺһЩԼû˵ǰķԴܾ֮ܿһ
Ҫô죿ܲھ˰ɣü˵
Ȼܣȥҿɡ˵
֮ǰ뷨һĵǱҿһǹİݷá
ֻڰݷ֮ǰҪȶԷһµ˽⣬ͥԺоʲôӣж֣Ҫ˽һЩ
ΪȥܻܿһЩ鷳Ҳڰ׻ɽˣԴ׵ķԼȻ⼸Ӧò
Ҳֻж˽һЩܶһݰȫϡϾ˭֪ᷢʲô
㷹֮ź뿪¥һССĿջڡ


383 һ
ҹ޷¡һѵõҹլҽĺ
źԴҵǽߡźԶǲݷõģȻš
ϢԾǽͷԺȥԺӵĻᵽԺӵ㡣ûˣһ˶ûС
գգۣſŶС˵ôһԺӣһ˶ûУǲЩ
ºŶûʶ̽⣬ʶ̽˵ʱҲױ˷֡
ŵ˵ͷǺܲɭֵʱ򣬳¾Ȼﲻ֪ȷСٱǼԺﻹкܶ໤Ժءôһ˶ûУǷԴѾ˸û˸ҵĵزˣ˶٣ֵЩܣǻʹҲлʵҲûдﵽûԺĳ̶ȡ϶ЩѰĶ
ѰĶʲôСʵʵڿԺʲôѰ˱ԺӴһЩƯһЩҲûʲôر𡣺ܶǮ˶ϲԺԻ
ȻҲ֪ﲻֻǲ²⣬ֻΪôһԺӲӦûлԺ
ſǽͷϸĿ˰ΣҲûʲôԣʵ̲סǲǵȥܲſһҹɡ
죬Ǿȥɡһ˵һǣסµһֻ֣Сһ㣬Ҫֿ
˴ǽ£Ժ˭֪ŸոأǱ㾪ȵķԺеĲѰˡ
ǰľһ˲㷢˱仯ǵǰһԺӣһ޼ʵһƬɭ֡
ã󷨣Ŵһǰʱڰƹ۱ΪϵסһΣΪһͨ󷨣ŵ˼ʱ
ڵǴεһʱҿŻǣµ֣Ȼ˴ʱܿܿԷ
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ź¶Щס˴˶һۣЩľĵôҪһӣǾͻᱻסˡ
ϸĿ˽һŵ翴ҪƻӦòһ׵顣ֲԺһҲûУһɱҪˡ
ʱ¼ҵԺͻȻֻƬ֮䣬ϵݶűסԺȥкܶ˽뵽УĴҲ֪ôǴðģЩ˺ӣ֪ǴʱԼ棬ߵһЩ⣬¹ֻڹȦӡ
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šŵͷȻȥɣĲС
ǽҪʲôʵ
룬ǰݷ÷Դ
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ţһ㶣˼ңô֪
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ԴһԽ߽׵齣غŵһԼķġǽѾһָӦܹӳǿ
ԴһʦҲͨĶʦܹ߽齣Ѿﵽ˴ʦˮ׼

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һ񽣣Ӧòױҵġ˵ѾûбȥˣţϹèײӰɡҲҵĲ²ȫǴģҶҪ轣ǡҲӽڷԴˣһиͲ
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ŰѾӽУϸĿ˰Σŵ⽣ΪҲһӡ
̧ͷ˿˺ͷԴֶҶҪɱԴѶȣһնûС
ҶЩˣ㲻ɱΪУ
ŵ˵ͷȷʵ룬ֻںɲңҪߣӦҲͬ⡣
ͬ⣬ȫͬ⡣ԴͻȻǰ˵ֻҪѾӽңʱ뿪ıҲȡˡ
ŶٴοеĽֻ⽣ҶҵģûȨ㡣
ҶȻΪʲôҪԼĽˣԭڱԼҶ֪ҪҾӽֻΪ˴ԨķӡҪ򿪷ӡСȻþаǹͲҪ
ûȫ԰ѽٴνҶתȥ˻ǷԴ
ûУ⽣Ѿûκ壬ȴСԭֻһǾڱҶ
ҶţǸмͻȻ˵ΪʲôҪң
ŵΪոհѽݸûһ˿ԥ
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һССϸڣžҪҶ
ŲǾӣҲˣȴһŻȵġһԵˣܶʱ򶼻ʧȥǡҲΪһ㣬ŲŻӵ빲ѡ
źҶ˵ʱҲٴǰѿźܳʱ䣬ʱͻȻ˵ţҿɲһ⣿
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Ϊʲô벻ͨԼǸҶҹôأɺϡ
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ŶѾ֪ǵļƻ֪ҶҾӽ
Ҳµġ˵ʵ벻ԴΪʲôҪұ䣬Ҳʵ벻ʮ߿Ϊʲôʮ˿ţֱ뵽ӽ뵽ҶһоͻȻͨˡͷԴһģһоͶԽ͡
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ͻȻֱֱۣӽֱָˡ
һԡ˵


388 һɱ
⽥
ǵ˽춼ر硣ʱӿĵĹ㳡
㳡ڳԶԴҺܽҶլҲԴҲԶ
ˣȺڹ㳡ȻûпˣǺܿ죬Ҷլ
һ˿ʱŵĽָˡ
Ǹ˺һȺ糱ˮΧ
ϳ˷ԴϳҶҲϳˣȴûһʶź¡
ô˭˴
Ҳںǲ𣿻ҶôҲ
Ǹ˻᲻Ҫͷ˱ꣿͻȻʵ
ȺͻȻһ£漴˺ԣһǡûȥ䳡ȴ
˷ӿǲ˿յǿߵս᲻ԼΣա
ʵҲû⣬ֻ£ǰѾɼǲԼģǱġ
ڽӽյرԵʱȺͻȻͣסۺôƣǰ˶޷ǰһΪǵǰͻȻһƵĽ硣
֮磡
ͷŵ֮硣
ʱһ㶼ҵȺв֪жٷԴĵӣȻҷǽмٸħʦͬʱһħԼ¾Ͳðˡ
ͷŻƽʱҲͷų֮磬µĽֻסһˣҶ
ֻܱҶİȫ
ŵĽѾֱָ˵֮ûһϵҲһϲµˡֻ㲻Ӧն
һЦţΪֹõӽΪԼʵ𣿡
Ų˵
˼˵֪һ飬ﵽ˺񾳣ҲҪ¾ӽ
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ԴʵӽûĶ֡˵˵ĺôֻҪ죬ȥƴ
Դһһϣбһ̣ȴѪĹâ
Ѫ˲֪ıѪ
Դһ仰Ҳû˵еĽͻȻʹ˳ȥֱŵţš
ԴסһҲû뵽һšֻ̽һֻŵʵ
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һ֮ʣűеӰͻȻʧ漴Դ͸оʺһ˿⡣
Ȼ˵Сģ
ԴʱʶתͷһˣһΪʲôҪԼСġ
ֻǣֻѣԴеĽͻȻϣͻȻԼһҲûУתͷǲܡ
ԴָоʺһȣȻͿѪԼѪ
ѪǴʺġ
оʺһеľӽ̹ʺоȣǾӽγ
ԴûдţеֻһӰ
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ڷԴһУӰʧʱʵű˷Դߡ
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šͻȻǰ߳һ
Ҳǰ߳һһӾߵһԡ
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ȻոΪɣ׵ɱ˷ԴܹŵʵԲȷԴոյһ绹졣
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ڵȴûѡ뿪Ҳ֡
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ţ쳷˽磡´ѿ֮絲סŮӡ


389 
֮ʧȥսͻʧҲǽ类ݻ٣ôһˡ
ŮһֻŲµĽ磬ζԽԽҡŵǾѪ˻ûսűѾˡ
Ůӵʵжǿ붼벻
ţ쳷磡µڶκۣ¿úӶֲˡ
̧֣ʧѲ֮ܲסŮӡ
Ů΢ЦߵǰҽˮǴӷ½ģӦ֪ҵ⡣
粢ֻһػ½֪һ㣬ֻ֪Ĵ½ʲôӵġ׼ȷ˵Ǿ֮ܡֻţػ½ϼҲûȥĴ½УҲֻоסڵص׵ħȥ𴦡
Ų֪ڸ½Уػںܵ͵Ĵڡ൱ں⾳ǿߣڷ½ֻǺͨߡ
ϡеͬĶʦڷ½һҲϡ棬ȥķԴһܳĴʦĴڣ½кܶࡣ½ǿߣǿװʵģһõװһ硣
ҪӽŲ˲ѪŮ˵ȻܹµóŮӵ⡣
ˮͷûǾӽΪѾͷԴ˼ʮꡣ˶٣ˮֵҰɣ㱣ס
תͷҶĽɡıסˣʮҼҲС
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ӽ˼壬ӦǾõĽҲ˵ĽҪʲôأ⽣Ϊɣʵ
ˮ˼Ƭ̵ҪĲֻԼʺԼġеĲҶѾ׼ãֻû뵽ȴҵ˼ʮꡣ
ˮĻһã˺ͷԴѡ˱ػĻİǹͱԷȥˡ
Ų֪ԷäĿѡ񣬼ʮǰǹħСӽһֱҶҡʮǰΪһżȻˮо񽣵ϢɳԼѰҡ
ڵŵһͻȻҵЩĿˮ˵񽣿Լ죿
ȻԡҲǱҲǶġˮ˵ֻҪҪĲϣȻͿԶ졣
ҪʲôĲϣŵЩѾʧȥϣھӽûԼΪ֮ŵоǾ֪ҪôܹԨķӡڣˮĻҲԼ죬ܲ
ˮ޷㡣ÿ½Ķ췽֮ͬ⣬õĲ϶һҵķʺ㡣ҪԼҪԼ½ķС
Ϊʲôüͷ𣬵Ĳô᲻ͬأ
ˮЦΪǵʽͬ½ǿװʵģػ½ǣػ½ʵǿҩߵҪȫһǵķʺʹá˶٣ˮֵҿԸ㣬ôǿʵΪұжΪϵ·
·ϸĿˮ·һɫȹϺǣȴ֮
ˮ·ҲҴǿʮǴϣֻһзѡ˵ô
ҡͷףػ½ҲûܹˮĻһ·ܹʮʵĻ˵ȥ˭Ҳš
ֻһ㣬ǾǶˮһæҲﲻϡ
̾Ϣһپ⣬һʱǳĬ
Ų˵ѾܾûпڵͻȻ˵ˮҿɲһ⣿
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µ˵ʮ꣬ҿҲֻжʮɡ
ˮЦ˭˵ֻжʮꣿұͻҪءѵ㲻֪Ĵ֮ǲϵ˺ıҲΪˣŻ˵ѾĴšһ㲢ǰΪֵġ
۾󣺡˼˵Һٲˣ
šˮͷҲˣϣܹҵϣԼ
䣬ˮתҪȥ
ʱͻȻٴοڵˮҿɲһ⣿
ʡˮζס
ɱ·ԴΪʲôΪΪʲôҪôࣿˮ̬ȣžú֡ԷҪɱԼһҲѣ벻׶ԷΪʲôҪԼôһҲûйԼɱ¡
ˮ˵ΪʲôҪɱ㣿ôͽĴţһҡҪǿ̫࣬ԺȻâɡǻҪһԸħء
ħ㣬һŵΪʲôǶҪԸħѵħһΪǵĵ𣿡
ħĵˡˮ˵ѾûֹܹƬˣһħָǰʵȻħٴι磬ʱؽͿ̿벻ΪҲСħκһˡ
Ŷ۾𣬡ȻڶѾûֹܹħôȵȫָʱôܶԸأ
ˮ֪صĹֻҪ绹ûеʱ򣬾ܹĴڣҲǸʱ񶼵ٴħԿҲħҪָܻܶʱҲܺ࿹δ˭Ҳ˵׼ţʱڶԿħĴУһӰҲܹսҲ˵
죬ԼˮˣɴûЩ
ţ㻹ʲô𣿡ˮЦʵ
ҡҡͷ飬ʲôⶼûС
ǻ˱ˣһԷ½ܸȤһ㶼֪УԼߵ˺ѣԼһϵҲûС
Ǿκñָ̻ǰӡʲô½ʲôħԼ̫ңԶ
ŵĻˮٴǰȥǿߣڽ֮ͿˣֶҪͿŽӽģȴߵʱһҲ޲лһ˿мϾˮһϣ֪ҲǿԶġ
ˮշȥת˲ʧߡ
ҶլֻʣºҶˡ
Ҷʲô㣿ʵ
ԴѾˣҲ˽ˡҶҶҲһңͬУֻҳĲһ޳ɣǶˣҲҶҾʹʧʱ䣬ҪҶٴλָյҫ
šܺõ뷨˵ڱǣмѣԸȥҿ԰ǡŶؽҶһкܴİ
Ŷ˭ҶɻʵŲػˣҶ벻ڱʲôѣܲһӡ
ŵɻ˫ͱҵѣӦ˵ǵ֡
ҶһĿţͳ졢˫̳λĻӣǶѣҶͷЩѣΣ⼸ʵŵˣбĸ˸
ҶԸȥ𣿡ʵ
Ҷͷţлл㡣
أΪңӽҲᱻߡ
㣬ԶҲɱ˷Դ

ǣͱûн괫Сź»ʱûмӡֻðҶɻ˫ظ֤һúչҶ
˾һһپƺžܾ˫ͷɻ뿪˱ǡûʱ䡢Ҳûﶺ
һ·УԽɽֻصػ
ţҪȥģһ䷹ݳ緹ʱʵ
ŵȥڣ֪֪ķ
Ҫһֻȥڿֻڵп֪


390 һȥ
ھɽԶ⾳ʱҪӴɽɵڣҪһµʱ䣬ﵽ˺񾳵ź£ھֻ죬ٶȱȺ⾳ʱʮ
ڵɽ£ֱǧٲˮ̶ߡ̷еˮȻǵˣֱӴˮԾߣǵͷš
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Ҳһֱ緢ֵԭڵĵˮǲֵġ
ɽվ쳣û˻᳢ߵɽ˷еĹŹҲաֻżнɽ̽յģȴûлų
Ҫһ֣ó죬ҩβȵȣʵǿ󣬲ںǿֻԼפأ˷֡
һɣԼص֮ǵһʵǿʢܴڣĻϿ¾ֻܴһˡ
ˮԣŵĻֲ˲ţȻ˵ͷ
źϵˮ޵ıϣˮޱɽϷȥʱ㵽ɽͣǰ
ˮޱſϤˣͺɡԴʱ򣬷ҲסС¥صУѾܳʱûпˡ
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ţôգգʵڵĵӣлصģе˶䴳ڣ˵һֵɡ
ͺ֮ôʱ䣬ΪɳڣСʱﳤģļҡ
ñʻæһЩġ
Ŷʲô飿ƵĿţţ⼸Ļ𣿰çǺ𣿡
̾Ϣһá̾ϢĿ˵ãǺìܵһ顣
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̻󣬱ˮҲûм̻ڣȴԱ̻˾ϧһŮˣҪܲںԼյ˥϶޷˵ȥ񹭣
аǰſñԼҪ˭飿
οһŮӵգͱԼҪҪһʮŮӣѡһǱɰʮˣһеŮԸҲԸһӵ˼Ұա
Ҫ̻ܸоǸŮŵİж
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Ҳ֪ҡͷֻ˵ڵĶԶˣЩǱȰҪǿࡣ㻹ǽȥɣܻ֪Ƶķ
šŵͷȫϣˣ֪ķôžͲ֪ҪЩʲôˡ
Ҫõ֮ҪСڱʱҪˮæȥƿԨķӡġû˵֪ˮԼȻҲҪԼԼˡףˮ֪Լе飬ҪæͲҪԼڡ
ű̻ͺ߽ڣһΣﲢİֱķ䣬ɵţ½ȥɣǵĺϢ
šһǣ߽С
Ӻܴ󣬺ܿտһ˾мһϣ͸һŨŨļį
ܶʱһվԽߣѻԽ٣߳ɷȡ
įҲ֮
ᵱߴʤ
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ҵķӦЩ˼ͻȻ뵽ЩڰԼܶ࣬ԼڣʲôûһֱΪԼ鱼Ҳû뵽ΪЩʲô
ʱ飬ͻȻоһ˿ھΡ
Լǲ̫˽ˣֻѵʱ뵽ڡԼڵĵӣȴҲûҪΪػ֮һЩʲôǵúܶǰԼ׿˵гһգһڵִػ½ġأеھת
ţǲǾôҲûΪЩʲôЩͻȻЦ˵
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㲻ҪôģʵѾ˺ܶࡣͻȻ˵
˺ܶࣿ㶵Ŀʲôûѽ
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ôأ
֪ڵˣеǺҵĵнףҲеǵĳˣڵĵӱ٣û㹻ʵԼɺͶڲͬųǿʵû˸ǡǣȴûԱ֮ڵĵǶܰȫ
Ŷŵ˵ͷѾЩˡ
˵ֻڵĵӱ鲼ػ½䣬ڲܹķڣѾеӽ˱ǽ츳ĵӣЩġǰڵĵ˷֣ΪԵԼݱ֪ᱻвȳΪרߣרΪ˶졢ϳɡƵȣǽʧȥɡڣػͱѾԴҡڵڴϣıԼˡһеı仯Ϊ㡣
ˡ˵ֻ½û˸Ҵڸܵˣڲķչ
ûţ½ʱ򣬾ڶʢ֮ʱ˶٣ͻȻ˵ֻǣûȫǿ֮ǰڿܻһЩ鷳ʱΪڳͷ𣿡
ġŵͷ˵Ҳڵĵӡ
šϵЦݸŨţʲôҪҰɡһת˵⡣
ŵ˵ͷ֪֪ķ
㶣һŵţҪ
ŵͷ
һֳ˼֮ɫðŵҲ֪ζҿָһȥػ½ϣֻжķ


391 Ѱ
Žһ£һǵĹ¡
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ǳزκһңҲûκ֪ǡһεĵطû˻ȥ
еľ֪磬ΪǵǺޱ޼ʡΪǳ֮⣬ȫǺûбġ
ֱһ죬һȥߵϺһƯˮϵˣӺ֣֪Ǵģ֪ôźõʱǸ˱Ƶ˺ӵĽűߡ
⺢ӿѾԣ˺£ϵ˰ϣ漴ܻسаĸĸ
ĸĸӼȻǸˡ˺صˣϵѪҪˡ
̧ߵĹУȻᱻܶ˿ѯʺӺ֪Ǵġܿ죬Ƕˣǿһеˣⷢ𾪡
ǳ֮⣬ѵ绹бࣿ粻ȫǺһʱ䣬е˶ð뷨
˾ۼ⺢Ӽҵ⣬õҽǸƣ˶֪顣ֻǸ˵ʵ̫أֻ˰ˣҽһ취ûУʱǸһֱԣû˵һ仰
е˴źɢȥǶûʲôӵġ
ʱһȥָֻƽģǶ顣
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һֱ¹ǰеͻȻͣסͣ£Ҳͣ¡һֱǣ֡
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ǡǰˣžЩ֪˵ʲôãѵԼǴϷģ
˭֪겻˵꣬˰ֵܿóˣȰɣҸǰǾģҪЩʲôĻطһҲȫȥĴβûˡ
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˵ʲô˵һԣĻȴЩˣҪǰһҪ˵ļơ
Ҫ쭣æסԷ˵ĲûдһҲβ˿֪Щʲô
ҲɻĿ£ҿΪǺãȻҲŲأֲһᱻ˿
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ǵģҪǰ⴬ϵ˴ˣ˭أһ֣ص˵
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ֻһ벻סż˵ǲϵˣΪʲôһҲûоأʶûǴġ
ǰȷʵЩ֡ҲЩɻ˵
ߣȥ濴µ֣Ŵȥ
ڸоǸ˵Ĳ֮žЩˡ


392 ִ
ܴ󣬴Ҳܴһٸ䡣߽ΪʲôԼеˡ
ÿһ䶼ˣô˲ʶǺһ顣ȣΪͲ֪źǴġ
ʶ̽ŸӦЩȻˣոǸҲеһڡ
һֻˣŻ̽⵽㴬յ棬㣬ڶһҲһٸ䣬ҲŸָˡ
µһ㣬ûľˣͨģտΪＷİˡ
Щ˶Ůӣȴõ·ġ
ţ㶣ЩŮӺǱץģȻӦòӣϻһЩء
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źһºܿȥһµʱ䣬û˷źͻȻˡ
һƽ˾Ļƻ裬ڵȵһŲ֪ãĴϣ˫ȷ׼ȷλûϵģҲȥ룬һϵûС
нֻ˰ʱŮӱ㱻תƵһϣϵҲõԼҪ
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ϣûһ֮ˣ˵϶ûκε뵽˵е˲
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ܶŮӵ϶¶ЦݣͻȻ֣һ顣ǵ˶Ǻܺá
һĶһ·ͬĴеģǶС
˯ҲȡǵŮӲԸ⣬ôӾǿȡ
ֻǣһ֮ŷ֣Ůӣ˯˵Ĵϡ
һںеŮ϶ŨŨҸ
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ЩŮڵҸݡ
һڣ˰ߣִһ
һǡеŮӶǵ߽С
Ҳϵڴ20ʱ䣬ӱ˵̸У֪ǣҪҵĵط
Ż֪ˣõʦдﵩסڳĽС
ˣźѰҶãֱӱ˴ﵩļǰ


393 üĿ
վڴﵩҵǰźжƽЩ
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ûһƾͿˡ
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ֻĽУȴֻסŴﵩһˡﵩѾʮ꣬ĸѲ٣ҲûӶŮһڶæȢ޵ʱ䶼ûСҲûҪһң֮֡
ȤﵩĿ־еĴһ
ǸˣͨҲֻй˲ܰáٶһЩ飬ҲܳΪǣ˵ػõĶʦˡ
ź߽ʱ򣬴ﵩڶһ
ԣﵩȴͷû̧еĶһҲûб䣬һһûǿѾεĽ
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Ҳܴһн齣
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ҡͷڵ״̬ǽвѵģôУҴˣǺܲòΪ˻֪ķǴŵҲˡ
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춼õȣǶһĶʦء֣ص˵
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бһŰɫĻ棬вˮʹû¶
Сĵƶ֣ĵĻһ£е˶ŵעţ澲ȼգʱֻҫ۵Ĺâ漴ǿʼһڻ
¶ЦݣջĵĻ棬ڻû⡣
ﵩҲֳ֮ɫƬ̺ƽû뵽ӵͲȥѰ֮ˡȻȴ޷
һûʣֻǾĿŴﵩ˵ȥʱޱƽڻŻʲôסԼ
Ҳһѡ
Թ˵һҪܶϣÿ˶ĲָͬΪÿڵͬҪԼҪҵԼϵĲϲСֲǱҪеģÿһز١
˶٣˼˵ֱĲϣԽѪѾˣֲȴҲǿġ
ԽѪԽ˵ŵԽɡž̲סЦ
ԽУڴɽҵɲݵʱűɱһԣòɼɼһԽʱŻΪûʲôôֻϹޣûӵû뵽ȻǶı֮
ѪǸðˣػ޿һڵĻôһһҪŵѪһⶼûС
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㶼Уﵩֳ֮ɫ
ź߽һڣﵩһȡһ飬˵顣
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ˮԡ
Ŷ˷飬ʼֻһĹ򣬱ҵˣˮԵҪһҪո˵ֲ⣬ֱҪеĲϣֱǵϡ


394 
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Ȼڵصף˵ڵص׵һ̶̶һˮһǻ𣬶ˮĽ紦һοľձգˮݡͬʱˮϮʹοľûбջ٣Ҳûбãһħ
οľͽе
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Ϊɽͬʱչ¹ҫɽһֽߡһչ⣬һ¹⡣
ɷֽߴչ¹໥棬չձҡսȴʧ
Ͼ⽻ϣͬʱ֮ҫȡ
ЩǴﵩϼصģǼ٣ﵩҲ֪ˡǶһ񻰰Ĵڣڱˮ޷ȻԼ졣˻ؼ꣬Ŷţʱ˶˵ӽǹֻᵱһ˵еĶǵġ
ǽ첻ͬھô֮Źżϻеϡ
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ŶҡҡͷЦԼЩʲôܲͨĲϻ֪أֻҪܹһƿԨӡӦ֪Ŷԡ
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ҪߣͻȻһ飬ŵ˵ڵı˼ҷɡ
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ﵩţͻȻ˵ţҿɲһ飿
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ˣȻﵩûʲôֻǸŷǶ˵ѾǷ˶Էܴһˡ
ﵩ˶ĲϣɲԻ졣һԸܹۿһĵţһԤУܿԸ
ãҴӦ㡣˵ֻҪϣҾ̻죬ʱҪϵָ㡣
ﵩ˵ĵ˵ͷӣŻҪ˷ܡ
ھˡ˵
ţȥȥɣϣܿһϡ

ӴﵩҳѾȫǣͻȻ˵κñ̻ˣȨ飬űˮ죬һ⡣
ŵĻҲ¶֮ɫʱС¥е˶ǾٻذǿҽݣһǺܺ顣
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Ÿпûм뿪˽ֱһҾƹݡ
УĽǴﵩļңߵĽȴҾƹݡźֱϵ㣬һλ¡ܹޱ޼ʵĴ󺣣ɺٷһĶᰲ
˲£˶һ̳˹һŮӣѾֱӷϣźµپˡ
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ǰŮ˵ƹݵϰӺõĲٺá
أǻ𣿡ͻȻʵ
ҲܺáŮӵ˵ͷе˶ܺãһҲһûĻûйĶǣÿ˶ܰԼӣǵЩöҸǶ໥Լãÿһ¾ҵľƹһΡ
ڶ֣ܿپһҪ룬Ҹˡ
ͻȻЦһ˺Ⱦƣ֪Ϲ᲻᲻ˡ
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ܿ죬žͿһʮҵ˴ӲԶҾϰ壬ҾԲ᲻ˡһ˵һ߿ԵŮӣСҵӣѾܿˣҾԲˡֻҪ˵飬ҲҸ˵顣
ŮԼɷ˵۽ǾͻȻһҲܿ࣬ģ㣬ⱲҸ
پǷǳԲˡЦ˵óŮҵҸ
һӣĿ־ܹҵԼҸŮʱŹĺãŻҪŮӣֻʣҸ
ĥҸʱѾȹһ̳ơܹȫ˵ӣܹһ֮ٴλصߣҲҸ
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Ӿƹ߳ͻȻԼϳκսһŵľȫһģûнǣûеǡ
ʱоǱһܼ򵥵顣
ͻȻЦŶ˵ҵҵϣôþɱͷħޣȡħô򵥡ǲһûѾơ
Ҳôá˵ǲҲûѾƣ
˱˴˶һۣͬʱЦЦնֱӷɳǣˮ졣
һվǵص׵ˮ̶


395 ص
ʮźٴλصػ½
վںߣ˵ǲҪȥŷңصף
ҡͷŷͨص׵ͨѾħǽ벻˵ص׵ġ
ѽҾȻˡŷҽħ֮ħͨ￪ͨħΪһܹԼˣҵźͨѾûˣԱ㱻ħ
üҪβȥصأ
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ǵźΪ˻ױǱ֮ʱź»ͨѷ˽ǧĵš
ʱٴŷѷϿطУ˲ϣ½һš
Ƕ˵߽ǧľ룬ھѾ߰˰ò˶೤ʱͿ깤ˡ
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ŵ˵ͷҿͼɣҲµĲٴνɵʱ򣬾ԲϴһԱ˻ٻҲϴͨˡ
ǳһǵһǡ룬ţҪҪڻûнɣٻһΣ
ҡͷ˰ɣһεĻǶǽֹ׷ɱɡҲûбҪһξһ̽ϢӳֵõʲôȨȫͨǣֹǡ˵ŵ۾𣬵ңһжģһǽֻͣΪʧ̫һָǶ֡ǲûʲôԹȨֵΪʲô
ҲǣҲûгϴǶӦ鷳ġ˵ǾͲǵˣǻȥʲôɡ
ŵͷԾԨ
һֱ£ʱ䣬ŵԨĵײ
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Ĵ˰Σûǵصˡǵһνص׵ʱֲǺڿһɢɫĹâ
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š˵ʱĻƷħרΪûʺˡڣΪʲôҲôĻƷأѵҲħ̽ɣ
ҡͷȻᣬҪصףġôĻƷȷʵЩ֡
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֪һоͶˣҹһңԲûҵġħЦŻ˻ֵ֣ĻӶһɫĹâɢֱӴ͸ݶգڿ޷Ŵγһ޴Ĺһסɽһ˾ֱڵա
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Ҫôľٶ𣿡ħ¶Цݣ˵
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ħ֪ͻȻֵĳȴûڼԶźһ


396 ȥ̶
źڱ߱˵ͻȻԶ߷һɫĹâǹâԽԽֻת˲䣬㻯һͨĹ
ǵҲԼмǧ⣬ȴĸܵǹâǿǧ⴫ܹ˸еصѹ
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ҲǽĶǵϸ۲һ󣬷ǹûʲô仯Լġǹ޻˷ģƾʵһѷǧԼ¡
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ܷųҪɱԼѰ֮ͨŷ˽䱸Ҳƽ
ʱſʼ˼˭ܹͷųһ
ʵײµֻΪոºŶ̫ˣһȻ뵽ħҪ֪ǵص׵ߡ
£ȥһʱħ֪ˣųźָλáŴ˵
ʱҲеԵɣ̲סƲƲħǵģҪҲŪĶɡ
ǣֱ˶ħ񣬿治ˡ˵
һ˵ħĲǣһħ񷢳Ĺȥǧ·̣ǰʱʱǵźֱɽĹ⡣
ʱÿǰǰһЩǵһ֣վڹĴǰʱǵѾʧӰ١Ȼ֮ǰǿʢĻź¸Ҳ޷վɽܿܶˡ
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ֻҪžܺˡ仰žصĵ˵ͷȷʵÿ˶Ӧüס仰ֻҪţͱȻҪáϵĿʹ˵ġ
߽ʯ̳ɵСһƬ㣬ƹɽתһȣŮź߽һûݶӣҲڿڴߵħ
ϸĿ˿ûһڵݶָָڵգոշǵŪģ
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Ҳһֵˣһ˵ѣٻʾԶԷĹģźͶԷܡԷɻˣԱˣڶħҲˡ
ħȴҲһҲƽ¶Լոռ棬ŴʱҲġħ˽µԸ
ǣħЦŵúúãǲ˵ˡ˵ʲôɣ֪û飬ǲҵġ
ħֱӣµЩ˼ˣʱͻȻ׹ԼҪħģϾǸ֪Ǹ̶ֵ
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ѽҿɲǺȾġæ˵Ѱҵġ
ħɫͻȻ֣ţҪҵʲô
ŵ
ħһԼ֪ħҲ֪Զ졣
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ŵĽħ˰Σû뵽ĴȻѾȫˣ缴Ҫһƽˡֲõص׵ħ޻һ֮ȫһ硣˵ħ̾Ϣһţܹ𹭶ǴҲûз顣ֻּּ֪ҵŮӲܹһλ񹭣ǱҪȫΪ񹭲û˵ֻ𹭲ˣܹħٴγ֣Ĵ𹭵ּŮӻܻһж⡣
˶٣ħ˵ؽһƽ٣ҲؽⳡƽٵˡּҵĹȽѵ֮һӦҲǣһܹɡ˵ˮӦӦ֮ˣڷ˵еġ
ħ˵ô໰㶵Ŀһ̲ס˵ЩҶҺҲûʲôϵǸ㵽̶֪֪ﰡ˵˰һҲûС
ħ죬ԼǶţħа
ºˣħո˵ĻһΪӣǴҲûħôҲãѾĻδ֪δأ
ģ𣿾ּҵŮӣΪԼӦҲڤڤеɡ
뵽ˣħûм֮ǰĻ⣬ֱӻشµʻȻ֪ĴڣҲ̶֪ġҾͿ԰͵ֻǣȴȥɼ
û˵ֻǾĿħ񣬵˵ȥҲûҪħæֻöԷԼλöѡ
ħ˵ȥ˱̶Ϊ̶һϢҵͻ˱̶Χڵİ﷽Բ⣬ص׵κεطҵĸӦ֮ڡֻҪӽ̶ҵᱻǹϢաǲܡ
Ȼֵ飿۾̲סȻ㶼޷ǲǸܽӽ𣿡
ħҡҡͷⲻһϵﶼˣ㱾ˮԣҲͬܿܵᱻգаҲ˵
˶٣ħֵǲǶҪȥһԵģ𣿡
źͬʱͷ
ûҲȡԼΪ˱ֻ̻ҪһڣͲܷ
ھʹȥħͻȻվֱӾȥ


397 ͷ
ȥ̶·ϣͻȻ뵽һ⡣İǹħģħŰǹǲֱӾͿԴԨķӡ
Խ¾ԽеǱԼ뷨˵˳
ħȴҡͷǲܵģһǰûһϵǲֵܳģǵȵһ󣬲ŻѡʺԼˡң׻˵ԻͷݣˣԼԸԼ˼롣Ѳǵһ
Ŷԭ
˱߱˵һʱڵ˱̶ıԵش
ħͻȻͣǰǱ̶ķΧ޷ټǰˣֻܿԼ
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á
ħתȥź򾲾ĿħıӰֱʧߣ˲תϸĴǰĵΡ
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398 
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Ϊʲôᷢ˴ı仯С벻ס
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Ժľ磬ֱΪػʹػػ
ػʹ˼ߵľ磬ħǿĴڣҲػʹĽ׶ζѣΪﵽػ壬ȥ񶼡
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֣̻Ҳ飬žԲ
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399 
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Ŵڻ֮У֪Լڵı仯Ǻ񾳵ˣﵽԺתֻҪ˻ûܻԵж嶼лָ
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ļڳ극󣬱ħ𣬴Žһ뿪˵صףɽȥ


400 ħӥ
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402 ȫԱ
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üͷ𣬵ԸӥĪǺйأ
ˮͷӥסɽϣõϣͱӥҲΪ㣬ҲŻǣ˵ǷǰҲɣΪⲻǵİһ໥Ĺϵ
Ŷԭˡŵ˵ͷˮĻˮ˵±ҪͶԷһɱӥСֻǣȴһûף֪Һ»
ûĻǵġ
ֵڱʱΪʲôûֱ˵ΪʲôǸʱǰԸӥ
ˮǸʱҾ˵𣿼˵ϵ飬ҲŵģΪǸʱ㻹֪ķ
ŵͷȷʵǸʱˮ˵ҪԼ½ô˵ҲӦġ
ţӥɽϣѾ֪ˡǲǻҪأˮЦ˵
ӣʲôʱԸӥ
ˮ˼Ƭ̣ҪŰţһսǷ½аħӥľһսݲð⡣ҰսͶɽڻûиϵ

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һ߳ʹĴţűסʱǳѾһģеĽʧ۾ܿĶˡ
ˣȥһͷ˵ĺ
ޱ޼ʵȺˮͻȻˮҲһЩʣһЩ
½ǧȫ֪չ󣬻жٴλصԼļ԰ˮתŵܿһɱӥͻи˻ҲǰæһҲɱеӥ䲻ʱ䡣
Ҳֳ֣֮ɫصȺףΪʲôô꣬½һֱħӥĴˡһλԼľʬأѪɺӣ
һȫԸ֣ص˵
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źһ˿ˮµͬʱޱ޼ʵȺͰȥ˶ڵ£˶ڿޣǣ˵쳣ᶨǺսħӥ԰
սħӥ԰
ͻȻһݸжǰڼ԰ٵʱ˭ֻ˵Լأ
ӢۡѵͷֻҪһѪ˭Ӣۣ
¹ʹޡ˭ûһ˿˭ܲѪڣ
źˣʱжһɻȼգڷڡ
ǵģҪ԰ˮվ棬˵ħħӥҲǿֻǣŻһϣѲٵȥҲûʱٵȥ
ˮ˵һս֮ʤˣܻж˻ţܾŵģҪؽǵļ԰Ҫѷ½ĸãһҪ÷½ΪϣǿĴ½
Ⱥв֪˭һֻҪڣǾͲ
ڵ˶ֻҪڣǾͲһѼ԰ĸã
ͻȻͶһɱ֮һ֮⡣
˶ű֮Ľһս
սûʼѲҡ
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ˮһ仰û˵˵ԼˣҲܾ仰ˮû˵ܴԼˣҪʤҪ˶һɶ־
һˮĲãû˵һʿĻ
ֻǣڵľȴ磡
ʲôսܹȱ԰ΪҪ
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˶ڵȺûзһ
ȺУаʮˣҲʮĺӡʵ׳ҲдŶӵĸŮ
ܹսģܹģȫȫԱ
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ɽŷɽħޣǡƽ𻢡ʨܡޡˡżħޣﶼСкܶûмģҲС
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ЩħޣȴûһֻȺġ
ʵ̫ˣǾ޴ģеħڼޱ޼ʵȺʱͬĶŤͷܡ
½ûͨˣȺоǴﵽ˺⾳ĲΡһЩʮĺӣҲﵽ˺龳Ľ׶Ρ𾪲ѣ½ʵػ½Ҫǿ̫ࡣ
ˮȺǰܿ͵˰ɽͻȻͣһ£Եźµӥǰˡ
Ŷǲɽ𣿡ʵ
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ˮͷƾոǲܵģҪõϵİÿĻԵˡ
û˵ʲôΣҲҪɽϲС
Ҫﵽɽͱӥ
źˮɽȥûԶǰͻȻʮֻӥЩӥɳĮħӥͬȫڣ˫չֻһףħӥҪСϺܶࡣ
һȫ෴ŻΪӥǺӴħءû뵽ȫ
Сٶȿ죬ǿӥöԸġˮĹǡ
磡ˮͻȻ˫ͬʱٻӶһƵĽγɣԼš£еӥС
ͬһʱ䣬ºҲ½磬ˮĽһ


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ƾŵĿȻһƬڣȻܹסƬյħӥ
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ЩħӥҲ֪Ǵ֣ǺоԼΣգһڿУٵŽײ
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ȺҲ磬ֻգۼ䣬Χʵʵ
ħӥȻ٣ǾȴһֱˮȺԶ࣬ˣһ硣
ȵǴӿзɵʱײĲǽ磬ˡ
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ƹһ֪һⶼûУҲͲںԼʲôӡֻǺһģ
֪˭ӦϷȥ
ٴηϷֱӷħӥȺС
һʮˣǰ̫࣬ûŽȥֱӷħӥȺǲҲֹħӥײٶȣ
ӦǿԵģΪĲֻһˣǧ˷ֱȥħӥȺ

ڣˮǰӥȥ޲һɱеӥ
ˮнǾӽӽѾڵĽԼɵˮʵǿֻһ䣬ǵʮֻӥǰŻӳһ貵ĹâֱȺӥȥ
ں󷽵ţĸоˮһǿӥԳܲסĹǺ񾳵ʵҲСʱˮԴﵽػʹʵ
ǣžȵǣˮŭһȴֻɱֻӥֻ
ӥˮոջӽһ̣㶼˿ȥ
ֱʱŲʶӥٶȣѹˮҪ˰æԼʵҪɱôӥǲܵ飬ܹһ㣬ҲҪܳʱ䡣ôڽֹħӥķ½ˣ²һܹ
ź¶һۣҲæ˳ȥڳͬʱҲԶһɵϸ
˶źµӰΡ
ʱӥѾɢź¸Գһֻӥǻû˵ǰӥѾ˿ȥǸͲսź°ѡ
źµٶȸȲӥ
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׷𣬾˰֮ãźҲûɱһֻӥ
·ɵߣĵǺɣ
ҡҡͷҲûãˮɱֻӥ⣬ҲֻɱһֻǾҲûˮʵǿҪԸһֱܵӥǲһЩǵٶ̫ˡ
˵ҲˮҲҪܳʱܹ׷һֻӥԼźҲˮٶȸ졣
ֻȥĻ½ľֲܶǸʱˡ
ⲻϵһһÿһ˲䣬Ҫǧ㣬ЩԼһϵûСǿѪܵĳ棬»ǽѡ
ҲˣۿһȺһȺԼֻҪЩսͿúܶ˻ŵȻżֻǣȴһ취ҲûС
Ƕûӥٶȿ죬޲𹥻ӥҲԱܿܲģҲںɢϾӥҲ൱ں񾳵ʵһ㣬ǲ˺ǵġ
أгôͻȻ˵
ӵص׳ʱűѽװǬָУǬָǺֵһֶװ˲ϣȴһҲûС
Ƿųһ𵽺ܴá
ŻҡҡͷĽ߻ΣաԸӵص׳ΪںϣƴġͽһϵûСοʹǬָУҲܸӦ淢飬ĻʱԳڽָУȻǲԸμⳡսȻǿн߳ҲûȨ
ȥ뽣ߣĴȥʲô취źãȴҲ׷һֻӥһٶûӥ죬ôֻͽͶѣǴӿʼڣȴһҲûֹͣ
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ֳһ˿ϲɫҪˣ׼
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һɫ۶ɵԲͻȻˮǰˮţһ΢СһЩǰһ֣뵽ˮڡ
һһ͵ȫһ໥ںϡ
ͬһʱ䣬źµҲȫںϵһˮԲ档˵ӰΣ۲ܿ
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ˮռϷ磬ǵݿӥħ÷顣
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ûҲûйâ˸е˶͸⣬ʮֻӥֱʧԭء
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ˮеĽͻȻ𣬺ŻϷһĽɫâͻȻڿУҫۣѱħӥڱסڵӳͬ磬ɽ
һȥâ֮еħӥʧڽɫâ֮С
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ӥ쵼ħӥҲֹһ˻ħޣû쵼ƶ䵽͹ȡ
ħӥҲȡһЩԹģӥ쵼ҲжΣҲܼɢԱܿͷѰ㡣ҲˮҪӥԭǰҲûħӥսȻֻǼĲ֪صĶ飬֪ηһЩǣȻʧˣȴҲܽһЩ飬ҪɱħӥӥС
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һ˲Ļᣬºͬʱ˹ͬʱħӥѪ졣
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·ȺΣͬʱħӥˣɱһߺţһϳȥǵȻԼħӥս
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ˮԴԼ񣬾ŶԴԼˡȻвȫһžԼ˺ħӥƴʧȥжһ飬ǰ
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ˮĿЩһŵ鶼ˣ˵ƣ˵͵ɽ£ʹлкܶ಻ѧҽûơ
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ˮɽʬ壬˿ǻѪȡš£ȥϰɡ
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ŵ֪֣ЩħһֱɽܵģھȻһֻҲˣ˵Ӧܵɽ˰ɣ
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407 
վߵĶ˵ȴͻͷһϸһ⣬̺ȴǼΪǿ󣬻úԶ±ǸоĿֲԼܹܵġ
ûҵֵæԱȥһӾߡ
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ʮźǰͻȻɫĹâ
ˡǣµֽ˽Сġ
µͷٶͬʱСǱȥһɫâ֮С


408 ɽ
ɫâºͽڵ˶ס
ͱ𴦶ײܴͬ󡣴ĳŵΧĿռʮķԲǺɽһ󣬶ҾҲＸͬ
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˵ɽûκһ˴ˣʵͲܵˡ
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ʡ
ˮ˵ɽûκ˻ޣֻҪϵɽʹҲûлȥģ𣿡
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һı飬ֽ͵ӥסɽϣҲû˿ԿӥĽޣҲûκ˵ɽħޣħ޷ɽֻҪɽǻҷ³
ϵĻҲ֪ЩʧٵħΪʲôˣԭǵɽʬ޴档
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һǰģǰɽһصĵطʱħûн磬ҲûħӥĴڣ˶ɽϵһҲܡ
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ǵġ˵ҪȥֹЩ˶ɽƻܹҾͺȥ
ͳȥֹǡסµ֣תȥ


409 뿪
Ӷٴɽźֱɽȥ
ûиڶףһܹҲһ׵飬οǱ˴صħޣˮ¶ԵܲȫںϣҲйϵһЩ̡ȥ˵ˮһҲģ֪źˮͬʱӥս
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źµɽܿҵˮ
ţˣţˮ㶺󣬲ſк
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ˮסһŵѵԺǲ𣿡
֪Ϊұһ̣ѾѣѾǣԺҲǡ
ŲˮûȰԼˮ˵ɽԼȥɡˮĮΪԼȴԼָȲɵ˵˺ġǶԷһԼѣ
ϼϼŻԵһȰŲҪȥɽһΪŵģͻԸֻ֮ԵҲΪŵģһź
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ţͻȥˡֶ˵ʵǵģôܸ꣬оĳͱ˲һϣǻܳΪѡ
ЦЦͻȻ˵ԴҲˣһȥԴˣһ䶼ûҲ֪ʱ㣬ˮ᲻Ϊ㱨𣿡
۾𣬵ǶˣΪ쾭飬ҲҪΪǱ𡣷Դɱģ˵ҪҪö࣬ΪԴҲͱ˲ͬԭ򡣡
ŵҲҺܳΪѵԭǱˡ
̾Ϣһû˵ʲôתȥ
תͷϣҲӦˡ
ţҲߡ˵Һͽ߾ʹĽָаɣȥǾ͸ȥ
ŵ˵ͷϺͽǬָУٴ뿪ˮ̶ɽֱӷǶȥ
еĲ϶Ѽ룬żҪԼ


410 
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ӲϼŵɫЩˣæ˵ԸһҪץʱ䣬ȫΪ̻ҵ֮Ϊ鵢飬ͽҰɡ
գգۣͻȻ˵⻰˼ˣŪ˰ҪԼӦȥϼ룬ȥҲԣҪ֤ܰŪ̫󡣡
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ҲѲջǬָУµߣǼȥǡ
ʱһҲû뵽ϼԶԶô򵥡


411 
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Ŵʱվڳǰǵһʦﵩļҡ
ﵩһԸܹۿһĵǲֶĶҪֻҪܹۿͺá
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ﵩ÷ʲôãԼϲ飬ûʲôԡ
Ȼ˵ﵩǷӵҲͨˣ˵еǲô˵ġ˶һ費񣬲費ħ
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ﵩͷ⻰һҲûСһֱΪԼһõĶʦߺҲ֪ԭԼǣ̫Զ˶٣ﵩֵֻصǲѾ˲ϣ
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412 
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413 񽣳
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414 ذ
е񽣹âʢ߲ʵĹâУֳһ˫ͷߵģâӾ߿̽³ޱȡ
ʱ򣬵ϷƤëͻȻ񽣣ֻ˲Ϣ֮䣬еĹâȥָֻԭͻȻʹ£ûһϢ
һУǽ㵽УһɺȫͬϢӽڣһ˲䣬뽣ĸӦ
Ľ
ҪʽӿʼһѾǽˡ
ܹо̺ǿֻһȴЩ졣
ʱеĽǶһʡ
ػеûʣԭܼ򵥣ͨĽǳܲסֲġ
ϸĿеĽȷе˵ǿʡ
⽣ͨΪɫ沼ŹӵܹϳǷƤëҲֻзƤëܹס񽣱
¶һ˿Ц⣬ãǴһߣﶼ˵ע⣬һԼܶ鷳⽣ȴ񽣵ĹâȫסͲ˷ֽĲˡ
һץŽһŽʣһһ죬ٴηŨĹâֻεĹâȴ߲ʣǺɫ
ͨ죬ѪɫϲǾޱ
ȻŵЦͻȻϣ⽣ֻγķ֮һôٰγһ㡣
ܹо񽣵Ĵ󲿷ʷסֻһСͷų
ô£˵
߹ֻŵıܹ³ԭʵβ
β̫ˡ
죬оŵĶԻﲻԾôҲ벻ԾĶ¸ɴ಻룬ôأôҲӦܳѽ
ҡҡͷҲ벻
ﵩ߹ϸĿеĽһŵһ̫ǿ㻹ȫƣΪԼѡ˷Ƥëʡ
ôܣ˵ûдﵽ񾳣ҲһܹʹðǹѵԼƲˣ
ﵩôǹʵҲһûȫӳ
˼Ƭ̣˵ͷȷʵǹͻ𹭶ͬһ׼̻𹭵һǻصģİǹȴǴҲûдﵽʵ
뵽ˣҲ뵽һϸڣħѰǹ͸Լʱ⼣ӵ¿ܶû˻𣬿͸֮Ǹǹһ仯ѾǾӨ͸ֻһ۱֪Ƿ
ǹı仯ҲǺйصġ
ԼеĽҲȴﵩ˵Լ޷ȫԲŻ˽ʡҲֻԼʵﵽȫӳʱ򣬲ܹѽȫγ
뵽ˣüͷ̲סֻγķ֮һĽܹƿԨķӡ𣿡
ǾͲ֪ˡﵩ˵Ҳ֪Ԩʲôֻ֪һҲûаγҲ
üͷչûһҲûаγҲǸ߽Աģһӡ
תſµӦˡ
šµ˵ͷ
ǣסµ֣ҪȥȴͻȻ֣Լվһ¶Ŀյϣףǲ˼ҵļ𣿡
գգۣʱ̫Ͷˣ֮ʱȫڶ֮ϣɹֱ֮һֱҲûעΧı仯
תһ룬űףﵩ˵ļҲˣһǽ֮ʱƻġ
˼ңû뵽ļҶˣһǰļҽ߰ɡ
ﵩҡҡͷȥæ飬ܿͻὨõġ
Ŷ۾
ﵩЦ㿴ܡ
ΧĽֵϴʱվˣЩվѾһʱˣһֱҲû⣬ΪЩǱ񽣵Ĺâġ
ôﵩĻϸĹ۲ΧȺȴЩжŽĲϣľϡʯϡ
Ƕ㽨ӵģ
ǰʱ䣬ͻúǰһˡﵩ˵ֻȴӦסĵطˣУֻõĶʦסţǻⷿӾġ
룬Ҳһ죬һһס£ⷿԶļҡ
ﵩ۾˵ЩʲôֵӦúúϢһˡ
ﵩʱɫܲ԰ף׵ûһ˿ѪɫȷʵӦϢˣʮû˯һͨ˵Ѿһ˺Ϊ˼֤ĵﵩʮ
ڻվ˵Ϊ˷֮С
ﵩ˵ͷӦúúõ˯һˡ
ţҺҲҪˡ
˶٣ַһ飬µأ
ˡգգۣڶ֮ʱţ˵˵˵һҲһ飬˵˼į
µ˵žþû˵վԭأվʱ
̲סѰڸˡ֪һܲҲһ
ţǸˡǣµ֣ͻȻշٶޱ޼ʵĴ󺣷ȥ
紵˵ķ˵ȥ۽ǵһᣡ
ŲһϲĺӣӼͺᡣ
ڣȴΪϣΪһֻһᣡ

ߡ
ֻ˾ʱ䣬ź¾͵˺ߡǰһ졣
죬һֱٶȷУܹŨصѹֱ䵭һЩ
µ棬һǬָͳСӣϵ衣
ܿ죬ԬӰСϡ
裬𣿡ʵ
ţˡԬ˵
ŶѾͷûֳʲôɣʡ޷ȫģСħŮӣ׼Ūʲô
ԬɫЩѿһŵûУںܺáˣô𣿡
ţˡŽĶСӣֵû£
Ԭɫֱ˱䣬һŵġ
裬Һ˵仰
ŶԬӰʧһٴγ֣ţçȥħȥˣûڼһЩ£Ȳ˵ˡ
СϵӰٴʧԬྐྵ˺ŵͨһΣǰȺСӵġ
㶵ĿеĲӣһŵ£ǻذǡ
ذǣ㶣ֱȥԨ𣿡
Ȼسǿ˵һʲôҡ
ֵĿţôأ
۾ܣɫܲͨš˶٣ֵһǳˡ


415 
صס
ħվɽһƬ档
һƬڡЩܹɫâľڶѿήһҲٷ
ŴʱӣһϲħĹҲûйѱ˷档ħµɽǰǧס
Χһ㷢嶼ûУﻹڵĵط
ħǰǧﴦһƬڣǿռ䱻˺ѺֳĹڶƬڰпκ塣
ҲѾû塣ϸ۲죬ܹǺڶڻǰ֮ݲڶһС
ħӾĿޱȵʣ˵ô
ħӵļ磬Ҳǵص׵飬һʧȥص׾ͻ𡣡
֪ĽħӲĿħ
ħͷ
㻹ߵ
ұߣȡߵصҲ
Ϊʲôħʵ
ħܼ򵥣Ҳˣص׵ħһ磬˵ħѾҵ˵Ƭֻ꣬ҪҵµһƬص׵ħޱҲԸˣŵصһҲħһʵ
ħüأҪô죿
ħ¶Цݣȥϵ硣صȻû⣬ûǳҲ˺ܶ羰ħ¶֮ɫ㻹ûмأҴȥĻ磬续ɽӡ
ħȴЩĵĵҲЩֻһ͹ˡ
šǾһεĵطס
ǣ˵Σգǳȥ˻᲻ˣħʵ
ħЦЦᣬһһֱߣһҲ뿪ġ
šħ¶ЦݣҪȥ
ϺõĵطǣҪȥһ˰ǣڲڣ֪ǵ٣ʲô飬Ҳܹҵҡ
Ҷġ
ǣħӣתźڶ෴ĵطȥʱںߺͨ

ʮ
źǣûȥֱҽݡ
ҽݵĴŽգûпš
üͷ𣬺ֱԾԺУС¥ǰƿţ߽ȥͿ˴еˡ
Ԭࡢ衢ͳ¾Ȼÿ˵ɫá
źͻȻ߽˶㶡
Ԭͺûŵľϲ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ţ£ôˣԬͺͬʱʵ
˵ɫĻѾȷĳˡ
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ķںܴ߽ʱвֻһˣ룬Ĵߣһֻֽ߬֡
һ࣬ŴҲˣçͰ˶ڴϣҲˡ
ֻǣأһ۾ܿ
ֱߵĴǰſһŲ԰ס
һµʱ䣬ȴ˺ܶࡣ
ţͻȻ˵·һûзȴһӾ˵ŵֱ֡Ǵﵽ⾳ĸ֣Ҳûֱ
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һԻŰçʲôܹһ㣿
ףΪʲôԼѪǳ¾ȻˣǸʱͰӦþѾˡ
˿ߵĳ¾Ȼ¾Ȼ˵ͷ
ûΣգ˵ľҲܵãֻһȴǷˡ
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˭ܹܵĴ
ǳ˳飬۾˲ͺˣ˿ǿѹеκͷŭʵçͰأ
ΣžԼӦôӦȥϼģǵԼͬ⣬Ͳˡ
ŭǶ˺ˣ˭˶Ҫۡ
ˮҲԥȥƴ
ֻڻߣҪҪˣŲġ
Ҫشŵ⣬һߴŵçȴͻȻ˵ϴû¡
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Ÿոսʱ򣬰çҲ˯ˣǶ˹ȷʵûʲô£ֻҪûܾȻ
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֪˵ӵϢұȥϼҵʱսѾʼçѾڵϣһֵ˵ʵǿԲǶ֡æȥҪæͻȻһǰֻһȭͰһ
һȭͰ㶣ҲǺ񾳵ľ磬һȭҪʲôľ¾ǺмҲСϼôĸ֣
תͷççЩ˭
çҡҡͷҲ֪ȥ˶Է˵һԷˣͶһֻһֻ֡Ҳû˵仰㶯ˣҺͰ࣬Ÿոսֱ㱻򵹡˵ʵǿҲﵽ˺񾳣ֵǸˣʵǿϺܶ࣬ͲǶԷĶ֡
Ȼأʵ
Ȼˡ
Ȼأ
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ç˵ۿһǹǰҲûùǲʵԷֻǺ񾳵ľ磬Ӳǹ
ǴǸ˭ٴʵç˵սĶģôһȭ˾ˡ
֪ӦǺһİɡç˵
ǰǴ֮󣬾ͷǻˣ
çͷǵġ
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ŵһһôصˣһ˲ͨˣ£뵽ԼԼΣաһʲô飿
һΪ㱨𣡡Ų˵
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416 
磬㲻ȥϼ㲻ǵĶֵġѹ˵
ʱеֻг¾Ȼ˽ŵʵɭսУźºǳмʵǣʵǻ֮ܰ˵Ķ֡
¾Ȼ֪ڵص׵õʱѾﵽ˺мʱº壬Ҳܹﵽ񾳶ʵ
ˣȥҲжʤ㣬Էһ񾳶ģһм񾳡
ȻŰ¾ȻڰеλϹٺ綼ϵĻͶԷҲһƴ֮
ǰǶԷֻǺ񾳶㣬ûнػʹ
һȴ˭Ҳұ֤ˣӶԷһȭֻжϳԷ͵ľ磬޷жϳߡ
ſ˵ô𣿡
ǳ˳飬һŵû£粻ҪΪҵģֻҪ㲻ȥϼ͸ˡ
۾ֺˡ
ܴп־˭˽ӽ񾳵ľ磬ȴͻȻһͨˣûġ˵ֹֻԼȥΪһܡ
ȴ֪Ҫôο֪˵ʲôûá
ָܹ첻˭ܹ㣿
һӵ˭˵ͻȻ;
֪˶ʱ䣬ֱűƿ˲˶ſȥ
źҲתͷȴȵĿ˾Ȼħӡ
ħ¿һֱۣӾǰ
ͷ
ŵ˵Ĺʧˣ
ٴεͷеı˸Ũ
ҿָħ˵
˵ɫˣĿħ񣬾˭Ҳû˵һ仰׿˵Ҫָǲܵ飬
ħȻ񣬵ȴӽʵ
һҲħĻʱѷĹ⡣
ħͻȻתͷЦЦţҼǧû߶ڵҲ˽⡣ϣ֪ûһ԰ȫĵط
ŵͷС
Ŷħ¶Ц⣬ʲôط
ǡ
ţϴ˵Ǹеǣ
ǵġ԰ȫû˽ˣҲûκħޣûһ֪仰һҲ٣ŮӺǽһҲںнн׵ģǲ֪ģǵֶ֪
ħ˵ͷҪκҪĴһή񾳵ľ硣
⡭㶵Ŀħǲ̫ħ˵һϵûУǵһμ档ħһԥûУ˵ָ
˭ﵽħľ磬¶ϸ˴Ĵ۵ģ˵ΪһʶĺӣԼˣ˭ܹ
Ȼħκˣ˭ΪһŮˣԸڲյĵص״ǧأſҲ
ħȻŵ뷨Цʵ˵һҲҪҵģܹ񾳣ҾͲٵĻᱻȥˣ˵һҲǻ顣˶٣ħֵֻǣҪһ԰ȫĵطСҲҵܵһ˺
һһȫĵطħٴι磬Ҳǣ治
áħ˵ͷھ͸ƣȻʹȥǡħӵļ磬˵
šŵͷҰҲȥڲõĽҲȫˡ
ħ˵ͷȷʵһħҵһƬ꣬Ͼûаȫ֮ˣħҪصħ꣬ħͿ԰췭ظˡ
ħһ˵һ߰һַֻͷϣһ޵Ĺâ˲ס
ΪʲôҪһԼһϵûеˣͻȻʵ
ħ˭˵һϵûУǹҴģǹϼصѧҲҵģ˵ħͽһ㶼ΪȻҪ㡣
۾ѧǴӰǹѧģ˵ħȷʵԼʦˡ
ûٴ˵ħͻȻʲôҪ룬ʲôҪԼתҪı䷽򡣡
æħ˵ôͷ˶ܿ죬㷢˲ͬԼǰߵ·ȫͬңҲǻԵ
ȻǻԵģħҲֻбȫʧܽħȫڻĻǻħ໥ġ
ϵĹâԽԽŨǺɫıɫǱɫɫ֮УȴһɫĵâĴζʱžž졣
׵Ե۾ȷϹĵԾԣɫģʱΧĹâȴɫɫ׵磬
˶кһʣͬҲħһ֡
ֻ֪
ڵľ׵ԣɫ׵̬ؼ߼Ĵڡ
׵ԵԴԴϵĽڣھһص·һȦȦתתͬʱһؿڵľ
ڣܹĸоʵѾָȻһֺǰȫͬԣǰǽӽ񾳵ʵѾﵽ
žÿһεؿʵɱ
˵һʱϵĹâһ㵭ȥ
ħջ˰ͷϵ֣ЦЦʵǰǿ˺ֻܶ࣬ѾȫıˡͷڿʼѾܺˡ
˵ͷӸոտʼʱһ㡣ѾǻԵе·ҲǰȫͬȻ޷ٺС塣˵ʽѾػķʽƺˡ
Ҳߺطĳƺħһ޶ķʽҽ񾳲ȥ񶼺κͨΪʽһֱ䣬ħ
оڳ˻ص֪ڵԼﵽʲôľ磬֪ǴʱٴζǸԼĶˣԿһǹѶԷ
ħ񿴳˼ǰ˵ڵľӦǴﵽ˺񾳶㡣ڣǲҪһʦأ
šʹգգۣħʦ
ħЦתӾȥţھʹȥǡ
ʦҵСȥæϣħ˵
ãСȥħЦӦ
룬ص˵ȥǵ飬Ԭͺ趼ûзԣҲ֪ŲһΣУԼܻܿŴ鷳һȥԬȻܾ
׼һ֮һĻϡ
ħӣԬࡢ衢롢̻çɺͱ
ǱҪȥģǿǴ˵еĵطһᣬȻһδڻֱ
ͳ¾ȻȻǲûǡΪ̻ҲȥȻŽ˾ϵǾôʱദͰѾ˸飬һֱǰŵԼģȻŵĳ
źҲţһ͵ǺԭﵩļѾɡ
ŴôˣﵩæҪŵطϴߺ󣬴ﵩѾŶ鴫˳ȥڣ𾴵ˡ
ŵȻͬ⣬ҪԼһӣ֪ŵ뷨ȫǵ˶ŭˣ˵ŵļ˱סڳĲųɡ⴦ǸΰĶʦġ
û취ֻס£ﵩŵҲûаߣҲס
ﵩұĽǣסһǧҲ⡣
ú˼ˣº뿪ȴûлذǣֱŲϼȥ
ôصˣûħ񣬿ȥĶûУµȻܾôˡ
˵ϣҲϡ


417 ħħ
ϼ
ǷѾܳʱûпˣºʱֻϹһѺĴ
ţأŵɫ˱䣬ϴʱ𣿡
ҡҡͷϴǲûֱӴҺç˵ġ
ߵʱôˣʵ
ûôԷŹǵġ˵ҾǼߣΪԭĿĺҪͲҪЩġ
šŵ˵ͷ£һֱ֣ЩôһĿģŲ²ԷĿʲôҲ¡ֻҪԷۡ
ߣȥŻҡ˵
Żǲϼĵͷߣϴ˵ΪŻŻԶˣȻҪ￴˳Ҳһ˵䡣
ܿŻңȴĿһˡ
̷ѧڣŻŻҲǵӣӦöˡ
Щˣŵ¶һ˿ЦݣҸոȥ˷ݣûˣһ
˶Щס˭û뵽ʱ򿴼ţǾȣ֪жأЩһֱĴھΣܺԼȥˣŵúѶôصˡڿӣһ鶼ûˡ
ȫˣûй˵ϺŴкֱǰʵ
ţˡ㣬һǾȥǼˣҷɱǸ˲ɡ
ǣЩôһսЩ£룬ֶŵţԲҲ֪ô鷳ȻҲȥġ
ŵ֮ǲӦ˵Ļġ
ѣ۾һ֪ԼŵĲжû뵽Էǻ˵ûŻԼѣϼʱ˵ʲô鷳ȥʱֻΪʱԼǺϼһԭǱƵ·ߣԼҲȥš
źƿ˼̾һҴͬκˣҲϲ£ֻԼѡϧȴûаҵѡ
ġȦЩ죬ĵֻû˵ѡ
ôˣſ˵֮ˣ֮ᣬܹѣŵҡ
һ˳۽£һ仰Ҳ˵һĸ֣ԼһͨˣһӵѣͻȻоԼ֮ڵѪȼգڷڡ

תͷŻллˡ
ŻҡҡͷҴӦչ˺÷ݵģȴûлʲô
֪Ѿˣ£㻹סҴһǾӣҲ㡣
ŻҲ֪ʲô˿ԳΪӣֻ֪Ӧ˵飬һҪûܱ÷ݣֻסҲ
һѪҲˡ
תͷֿŻԣŵԸ磬ҲҾ塣
ŻգգۣûôΰһˣΪְˣһӣܲܿ˻ܰɡ
㣬Ҳкܶ˶˵Ƕû£ҲˣҪˡ
ţҪȥ𣿡Żüʵ
Ȼ
ǵʵǿţҪСġ
һġ
ûٵ飬ת߳żң·ֱһܴԺǰ
ˡһ˵һǰһű߷аߺšֱɳȥһײӲڵϡ
ǸֵĲмҳˣ
δ䣬˳ǰ
м˿ʮҵֻͣһֻ֡˱Ƕ֮ҪһЩ
ˣ㶣ǰǶϵá
ϼµĽףսħħмıնһֱֻ֣թħź½ֵħ
ǵǸʱħǺ񾳵ĲΣħǺ⾳㡣
ǣ۾𣬵ô
ħţȴ¶ЦݣţˣΪ˵㡣
ң
ûǵ㡣ħǰһû뵽㾹Ȼô鷳Ҵӵص׳ϼҲ㣬ôʶִ䣬ҾҪЮҳ
һֻΪ˰ҳ䣬û뵽Щ龹ȻΪԼԭԼڰҺżܵһУǱԼ۵ġ
ĿǰħȻΪңΪʲôҪôΪʲôֱ
ħ֪ҲҳΪȥģΪܿͻû뵽ǵôá
Ҳ㣿ЦҲ䣿
ǸˣҵĶ𣿡ħǸֱ۵أôûħ˵Ȼ־ġ
ϸĿħΣħҵ˵Ƭ꣬ΪԱˣӵص˳
ûħ˵ǰ޷뿪صףڲͬˣħŨ̶ȣѾħˡӴԺ϶ħ¡ڣҪɱ練ơ
ųĬƬ̣ȴͻȻЦˣûʵͬʱҲ
ЦħҲЦˣӵص׳ڣֻǹȥһʱ䣬ҼǵǸʱ㻹ûдﵽ񾳰ɣһ˶أˣ
Ų˵
ħ˵ܲܲ³˶٣
Żǲ˵
һѾ˺ܾõʱ̲סˣ磬ô໰ʲôһǹˡ
ŵ˵ͷ֪Źħô󣬱ΪСħŮҲûгԹôĿɱ˶ԷԳͷ
ҪСһЩҪˡŶ
֪
ħ˵ĶԻû뵽㾹Ȼǰûɱ㣬ţͲǸˡ
ƲƲ죬һ仰˵һУһ׵ĳǹͻȻ
һסǹǹͻȻҫ۵Ĺâϼ


418 һǹ
ǰİǹҲûзҫ۵Ĺâ
ﵩ˵ûжǿʵܷѾﵽ˺񾳶㣬ǹȻҪ
ûС׳ǹЩЦ
ڳȴûָоʱǹ˿һҲûвЭӡ
ǹΪһ壬ǹж磬жǿơ
Ʒ賤ʱһħֻǾվһְȡϽ׼ơ
ƱҲûСկսɱСħŮĴºŲ˵
ѡǹѡҲżȻΪϢʮʱûɱǸܼҡ˵ֱͷ­Ϊֹ
ĸСŮܹ㣿
ħһԥûУѹʹԼֱӽ񾳣ΪʲôҪôǻһˣħ
Բᡣħո߽ӣϳʱߣħûпһۣΪһϢħΪƵϢ
Ϣ޹أ͸¶ġħֱӾҪʦ
ǧǰħ˶ûй³ǽͨˣֻҪħ񣬶
ħ񲻻Ϊͬͨ˶ŹԷҲΪԷǿƶգûǿʱĴºһħ֡
ҲһһϣħȫͬɱΪΪ˸Ԭϴ󱨳
Ԭϴֻһ֮Եֻǰһ뷹ԡȻСҲԬϴģǸʱ֪ʲôֻΪһ֮
ʲôˣ
˵Ѫ˵顣
κ˶顣
ǹУܵĹâһȥȫǹʹеǹҫۡ
ǹֱָħǰûɱңȴҪɱ㣡
ħ۾ϵ֮ɫʧȴҲδ¶⡣һһϣбǶһڵĽ
˿˿ɫħӽͷųʹնð޹⡣
ʵ١ħ˵ҪɱңǲУ
üͷħǱڵص֮ʱǿɢħһҲơѵħõƬ꣬ʹħӺ񾳵ͼֱ
ħ֮ʱԷʹùѪʹñʵ˲һóּ֮ûг֣ŰϵƷȫթˡ
һβͬһǷҪɱ˶ԷɣôͷħҲȻƴˡʱóѪĻ
һæȫ֣һ㷴Ļᣡ
ûлشŵĻͻȻն𣬷ʮ׸ߣֿٵĵת壬ͷ½ϣֱħȥ
ͬʱסǹ趯ǹ
ħͷҲʼ趯ڵϸֻգۼ䣬ܵĽǹӭȥ
ǹӴδӴǹͻȻʧһ׵ĳǹֱֱ֣ڽ֮ϡ
飬ǹȴδֱͣħȥ
βħæȥʱ˼ԷôԼĽҲȥǹΪʲôͻȻ͹һ塣
ǣȴǶˣǹûеǹȴͻȻһֱ׵ĵâ
ɫĵâ
âֱħħƬ漴ڵϺһ״֣ǧĴ
һǹ
ħħԮʱ䶼ûУҲҿûУܹȥô³ҲħһǵʵԵֲסǹ
ź¶ôˣ˶һۣ̲סǺ壬ܲһаħɱˣ
ҡҡͷ֪᲻һǹʵ̫ǿˣ治֪սĻﵽʲô
һǹɱħȴûͣеǹֺճһ绡ȥֱħ
ħͬʱۣ붼ûҪ㣬ᷴˣǹ£ħûзοǣ
ɫĵ绡һţħը÷顣
ʱһڹͻȻԶֱüġ
ϸһ⣬ָϸ
ȴǿ
æǹüģڹڰǹϣû죬Ҳûʲôȴǵɳȥ
žæԾסһǿϴžҲֹסΣһǧײͣסһ·Ҳ֪ײ˶ٷݡͣʱ򣬽ϾǶ˼߲ʬ塣
£һͣ£ű
ѾһξͻȻһεϢʧԭأһ˲ڡ
ſոһڹֵʱ򣬾ʮԶôԶľ룬žԮôԶľ룬Ȼֵס
ԷʵŶǿѾǺ񾳶ʵôԷʲô磿
һҲҴ⣬ֱº塣
ˣŽסº壬һֻգ֮䡣
Ҳô̵ʱ䣬һվźǰ
һ£һͷڷһ˫ںڵ۾ǰ˺ħħͬ
ħħ˵òһ޶ǲͷųϵħͲᱻ˷֡
ȴ಻ۣͬͬһ˫۾Ǻɫģû۰ף۾һڵ塣
֪ԷˣûиӦϵħҲ֪˲һ˫۾
ˣ׼ȷ˵ħһǱħҪһεĴڡ
ֻһħֻһħ顣
֪ħĵȼ֣üħ飿
˵˵ͷȴûпһֱۣӶ˵ħɱģħҲɱ𣿡
ûɱġϸĿ˺һŵ˰Ǹˣһħսûп˰˳ʲôӣҲ֪Էһ˫ʲô۾
˵ˣǰԼûп塣
Ҳ֪˭ħ˵ֻ֪ڸˡ


419 ɱ
ħǶԷҲħ飬ſǵʱ˫۾û𣬵ȻǸʱ⾳Ҳ򲻹֪˻˶ٱ
ڲͬħѾƬꡣҵһƬǵģ仯
ǰħ飬ڱֻ۾ĵطǺһġ
ϲûŨħţҲһƣȴźصѹ
ѣ
Ŀ˵ˣ
еǹһ仰Ҳû˵ҲûһǶԷǿҲˡУû֡
ŽץסԼĽǿѹ£ȴͻȻǰһվбǰ
ףħüſһۣǰȻܹһҲ
Ҳû˵һһǵħǰ
ץŽʣŽһͬʱѰγһֱħʺ
ʴ̳ģΪŻܰȫγ
γķ֮һʵĽȽı˰˴硣
źħľ룬һǴ̲Էģڰѽʰγķ֮һȴܹħʺ
Ⲣûţһе̺ڽ֮ڡ
ֻǿ졣
һ̳ʧȥټٳʱǵħʺ
վ룬һܴʺһ硣
һ磬ܹҪȡ
ǵֱֱﵽ֮ȴûд̵ħ顣
ħûжǴʱȴ˽б󷽡ŵĽҲħ顣
һ˲䣬źһ£ûջء
һ˲ͣ٣ħһȭŵšһħγɵĺɫһӾͻϡ
ﵽػʹħεǿһȭУ˶ʧ
磡һʵû뵽ʽô죬Ҳݲö룬ںʱеǹѴ˳ȥҲħʺ
һǹ̳ǹɫлŵɫĹâΧǹת
һǹÿݣһ㶼졣ȴһħѹȥƲɱӲҪ˵һӦǰ
ʮǹ
ǰûдﵽ񾳵һǹħ
Ѵﵽ񾳶㣬óһǹֹǿ
ǱŶһħ飬һǹҲûӲƴӲƴҲܣոһȭţȭûջأӲ޷óȫ
ħͻȻԼˣҲ벻һ񾳵ܹ̳һǹԼȫԸҲδһǹ֮ռˡ
ǣħֻܶ㣬һȥλûͣ£ȴǹɴԼʺҾ˺ܶࡣ
ħ󾪣һͻȻԭʧٳʱǵһַ֣࣬ǸǹԼεʺˣŵλôϾҪԼ塣
ħæٶμһܿŵҪǹĸ첲̹ħ黤Ħ̶֨֨
Ħǹվûдħ壬ǹֱۻķȴֱĻħ첲ƤҲħһʧ¶ɭɭĹͷ
ħ۾󣬾Щǰ飬ﵽǿѾ˺ƻĳ̶ȣûлҲܹԼˡ
ȻҲǹѰŻܣǶԷûԼֻƾǹɢķ֮ħ˼ֱǲܵһ顣
ħ벻ΪʲôĽҲ룬ҲдӶ֡ˣҲٸԷˣȶֵĻħŶԷûгֵĻᡣ
ܹԼˣֻ˵ħ̫ˣŵʱһҲûںһҲû뵽Էʹ˰ԵһǹһǹͲǺܹʹġ
ħ鲻ԥٵǹץȥ
磬ջأ㱻Էһץסǹ
۾𣬾ҪǹڵֻܺͶԷƴˣȻ֪УҲɡְǹ͸ԷԼû˱ҲǱɡػʹľǰܣǲܵһ顣
οҲûӣ֪ôд
ûȴһЩѰħץǹ־һҲûС
ţô£ɻħ鿴һۣȴһؽʴħʺ
ԣǽʡһнʣ⽣ʻܰγȻֻýͱˡ
ʰγħ㵹ȥħ
ͱʺһҲûУħͲˣħͱͱʺҲ
ħ˵֮һġֻͬķˡ
ħʵǿħģ˵ʵǿԼ
ǱϵĲͬһǿҲûʲôܻܿһǿ߳֡ħˣôеħк³һС
ҲˣŻǧټƵѰħԼΪǿǿҲҲ

ħ鵹ȥ㿴ħšѽؽʣһ߲廹һ˵˽Ҳô죬Ȼħ鶼ͱˣȻԼԶԽԽ
Ҳ˵ʱٴγߣ˺״̬
磬û¶㶵˵͸еİǹ˳һӣһӾܵǰŵĸ첲Ц̫ˣûˣոտɰŻء
ǹֱɵǧ׵ĸ߿գ漴һͷ޴ӿзɹ׼ȷĽסǹ˲ߡһһ޵ߣȻСǱѵġһ֪Ѿϰٻˡ
ͷ統ȻûˣⲻǺúõվ𡣡
ǣոյô£ɻʵħһȭ˸ģһΪħʵ̫ǿѸûء
ţȷʵаҴʧʵŵֻûдңոеֻҵӰӶѣɵá
ɣΪɣɱħĻᡣħΪˣӶ˶ΧķǾлġ
ȻҲΪǰʮһǹħĵӣڸ߶Ƚ£ʹһҲûзֻԸԼ£ħܹԼһȭûдʵġϾһӰӺʹһ˵ĸоԲһοһ񾳶ˡ
һսҲֻźϣܹɱħ飬ǻһˣͬǺ񾳶㣬ͬҲɱػʹħ顣
ŵɣǹȱһС

ϼڽӣһŻ䵽ħʬϣ̼յĸɸɾһͷû¡
磬Ҫȥģʵ
ţȥԨ
磬ҺһȥɣҲܰæˣǺܰȫҲҪһȥˡ
ЦЦðɣǾͺһȥɡ


420 ƿӡ
Ҫ뿪ϼ򣬸תֽǣȴһҺŻŻԶ˹ɷ˵Сݣʹһ⣬ڲϼϢһҹڶ峿뿪ϼȥݴԵСɽ
һʱ䣬˱֮Сɽԡ
Ԩķӡˡһ˵һ߻һơ
ɽʯľɣһֱӰСɽ飬ֳһɫĽ
ŰνȻֻǰγķ֮һ漴Žȥ
һڽ֮ϣ졣
ǽ羹ֻǻζ˼£û顣üҪƻǰķӡҲһ׵顣
ûͣ٣һȥ
һԵΣҲæٻСóǹŽһͱ
¼ͿһҲæһϢںϣ״̬
ˣ񾳶ĳǿһһͱһɫ־˰գ󣬽ֳһ˿Ѻۡ
źʱҲǺķ˴󲿷ֵ
ЪһᡣͻȻͣ£˵
磬ѾѺˣΪʲôҪͣټӰѾͿԴˡЩżĵ
ŵԨǰǹѺħĵطﲻ֪Ѻ˶ħҲ֪ڻжٴǱҪ֤㹻УܺΣա
Ŷǰħܻ𣿡գգۣЩŵʵ
ܡڲϼħħǰġ˵ƿԨķӡҲѺܶħų˵Уĺܿһʮ顣
ʲô˲˵ġͷ˵ֻҪܹκñ̻ͺˣ˺ʲôϵ
ûŵ˵ͷ
ⷽ棬ͬһˣǶֻԼ˺ѣҲں˵Ŀ
֪˿ģֻݵλȨǵԴʱһСؤһ˼ҵĹҧñˣ˳ûпһۣΪ˹һ»Ҫ
Ǹʱͨ˼ҵһΪһؤ
ҲһΣһμסţŸεˣΪţŷ˱仯
ԣԸС¥ˣǴûмҲԸΪ顣ֻΪŵѡ
ǶǺɵˣȫǵˡ磬ˡ
Сʱܹ̫Ŀ࣬Ե޹ʱ򡢱۸ЩνΪ
ҲΪľ˽СħŮ
Ѫȴ飡
ûȨ˵飬Ϊ˾ĮԴ

ھԨݴׯ˵Ǿ޴ѡ
Ԩʱǻƻʱ֡ݴׯ˼Ҵ󲿷ֶڳԷ
ͻȻ֮䣬ӵ˶¡¡ľ졣
ףˣܶ˶ð뷨ǣֶܶҡͷϦȻٴۣȻһѵõĺûз磬Ҳûƣڴһ˵
𣬽ӵĵ涼ҵܶ˼ҵӶķڵأϵĹưҷɣ˳Էһͷһв˱ˡ
ѽܰӵ˶ˣ׷ܳԼļš
һķǳܳģܳʱ˻ӲţŮ˻ڵˮ
ǽԵĺ磬ºܸߣûھˡʱֶ̫ȻҪЩʲôֻû뵽ᷢ顣
Ҳ봩·ţ̫ǿ̫ͻȻˣûҵ·ǽϾͳѺۣ˱㼱æ˳
ǰΣеһᶢŮ˿ŮҲһ̸ŶԷģǼƷҲҪҳȱ㣬ڣȴû˼ˡ
˶ԼļңԼķһ㵹̼ͱһƬ档лвûܳˡ
˰ʱ䣬ݴׯоǳ˼׵ľ޴ѷ졣

Щȴźܹ뵽ˣҼ֪Ҳͣ֡
ЪϢһ󣬴ȫָ֮źٴվҪ硣ȴͻȻԼǰƵ죬Ǵӽڲġ
źʱͣסͬʱ˺һξ룬ϸĹ۲ǰΡ
ֻǽϵѺԽԽ󣬲ǰʱʱ䣬Ѻѱ鲼˽ÿһ䡣漴һľ죬飬ɫʧڿС
ź㶵Ŀǰ龰ڽ֮˿ӥϵӥڷ½ưǧħӥ
ħӥķɳȿֺ߷ȥȴûһߵź
ħӥ֮ģһЩŴҲûм֪࣬Щħħۼһɢħǵء
ʱЩȫȴûнħ֮ģˡ
ԨĵȻˣЩħ
ħ
ŷֱ治Щħʲôȼ춼ŨħȻֲÿħɢϢ
ֻ֪Ԩеħ̫ˣȷʵһ¡Ƿųħ
ͻȻѺۣԨеħȻһеĹ磬ˣûź³ֱ֣ӱħײˡ
ǰʱӿħϡ˺ֻܶ࣬һħɳٿħӰˡ
ֻǣһħȴûǰЩһֱӷߣĴһۣźº󣬾


421 ħ
ħҵƬ֮ħ޻ħħŨ˺ܶ࣬ʵͬʱǵħҲӡڵػѾ˳ȥɱħˣħ޵ʵǿһ棬һħ޵׺ݣֻҪˣʲôƷֵħޣʳģڵһʱ෢ǲǰ࣬еħ޶ۼһ𹥻һͷ۵顣
ǰһȺǵĹмͷƽ·һǲṥ㣬ƽ𻢹ˣôǻ̵ͷߣͻƽһսڲһˣڲʲôħһֱΪֹԶħޣֻҪϢ̸
ź޷ħ޺ħԼǰߣȴûһԼģ˵ˡȻΪЩħ̫ʱˡһ걻ԨͻȻػɣеļģȿֺܳȥֻطԽԶԽã˾㿴ԱߣҲûйǵ鷳ҲǺһ顣
ȴһħǡ
ֻһħӿеźǰ
һħһ£һͷڷһ˫ڵ۾û۰ףûлɫͫʣۿһ˫īڵ塣
źڲǰħ飬ٴοһ˫۾˶üͬʱսеı
ħǿ˿ţֿеĽһŵǰģ̺ȴһҲǰľӽҪӽ㲻һͨˡħֻǿһûгʵĽ͸ۣɴ˱Կħ֮ǰɱǸҪ۹ܶǰһǾսħ
ʱȫһ˵ʵʶ̬ʵһ֣һź
ħתϸĿ˿еǹֵǹҲһˡȻܹõ֮һİǹϿɣ
ħУǰֱǻ𹭡ǹ;ӽħӰħֻħʹõħͬҲħ޷ʹõġ
ֻ˲֪Щֻǰձǿ࣬˰ӰռĴ֮ס
Ҳ֪൱ħҲֻһӰ
Ͼǰ飬кܶ඼û
Ҳ˽еǹȴû˵
ħּ˵ǰȻûкͰǹ˽֣ȴۿǹսǹǹ׷ǹʽ˰ɡ
ħĻŵĳȥΪħ֪ǹʽƷѧûй̶ʽҲ±֪֪ƽ
ʧȥĵģħ˵Ļ˵Լ
ڲϼܹ֮ɱһħ飬˵źֵʵ߹ԷΪԷĴ⣬ûаźС
ǰħ鲻ֻͬҪԷȫಫͼĻԼһᶼûС
ѧҲ粻˾Ŀ
ػʹͺ񾳶㣬һεĲ࣬һ蹵ɿԽ
һмʵƾѧͱҲܹսʤ񾳶㣬Ǻ񾳶㣬ȴ޷սʤػʹȻĺ١еô򵥡
ڲϼԴħǶԸħʱȻʵȴȻǶ֣ڶԷ£ҲֻǸħһЩƤ֮ˣȴԶԶ޷Էв
ڣǰħ飬ڶԷȫûп˵£ź˵ǲսʤġ
ǿࡣħ˵ҲúǾͻΪ֡
ţ㶣ڲ㶯֣
ħҡͷڵȻᶯ֣ҷųģǸлǵģôᶯأ
۾ħҲ֪л
ħЦħס˵Ķ飬ˣʵڱ̫ãʵ̫ˣһҲɱˣԽҲɱκˣǡŲԺǻǸʱǾǵˡ
ˣգգۣħһóΪ𣿡
ħͻȻ¶ЦݣȻħʵָǸʱǱؽռ磬˶
ˣüͷĻôԼȷʵҪħΪˣڵΣԼкħԿʵ
ŰҡҡͷȥЩ⣬ҪҪԨ
Ȼħ鲻Լ֣ҲȻǶԷħŵ롣
ſǰħ飬ȴͻȻʵԨ֮𣿡
ħ˵ͷУԨƿӡΪ֮ħЩֵĵ֪֮ಢûʲôô
֮ɲݡħΪϡֻɲݲܹħǶħΪģħ޳ħ飬߳ħħܹпħ
֮Ӧȴ֮˷ɲһûޣһ֮пǻûΡ
ɭеϧȥȡɲݣΪӡǧ꣬Ҳû뿪ɭ֣Ͳ֪ϻ֮Ĵڡ
¾Ȼ֪ȻЩˡ
ŶħⲢûԥֱӵͷûƿӡΪ֮
Ŷҿò㲢ɣħ
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ô֮ˣ
ǵġ
ħû˵ҪʲôͺһϵûУֻЩѣҲûΪ˶Լûһô֮ƿӡ˲Żһ䡣
ǰħǴҲûж˵ôĻȷʵ̫ˣתߵʱ򣬻һ䣺Ԩв̫ƽȥܻһЩΣա
䣬ħնȥ
źһߵ֮ǰִ
ڽʧֳһ׵ԨһƬڣ嶼ЩʲôҲԨж߾ǵѷ쵹Щơ
СȥͻȻ˵漴һУС߽䡣
ҲûзԣֱϵϣԨǱȥ


422 Ż
ź¿Ԩײ½˰ʱ䣬Žӽ˵棬Ԩ׵Ŀռ󣬴ӰпȥһɫûСȫǺɫʯͷذɫĿݹǣѺħĵطǰҲȻ͵սҹôʱ䣬еħħ޶
֮ǰԨߵЩħ޺ħħ֮⣬ӦöǰħһġضĻħҲܳ
ϼĵص֮ôħܹţΪ֮ħͨͨħŨ˼㣬ħħŻ֮áԨȻУȻħҲΪŨħɢģħ޷άǳõġ
ˣڵԨضǰɫĹͷŵȻͷˣϼ棬Ĺͷɽƽڷ½һսʬѳɽ
ŶѾľˣҲûʲôȡ
עǰ׹ħޡ
ƽ𻢡ǡʨܡսޡ
Ӹ߽׵ͽףԨӦоУ˴档
ôôħޣüͷ˵˵ͬʱɻ
ħ޶ʲôõʱҲɱˡν˵ǵģ˺񾳶ʱһҲЩħ޿˵ЩħֻһЩԼ鷳ǷһЩʱѡ
ȴҡҡͷԣûУĵطħռˣô֮ǰȥЩħ޺ħǶסأ
㶣ϸ濴ȥҲ¶ɻ֮ɫĵȻСҲ󣬲Щħ񣬱֮ǰߵħĵҲװ£Ҫ˵ôħˡ
գգۣǰЩħסģһһվҲվ¡ѵһֱϷɲɣ
ȻˡŵҲһֱϷɰɣܻܿһռ䣬Ҳûп֮ħ˵֮ԨﻹԨײ
ţҿһ˵һָŻڿתһȦۿȥħ޾ǰ׹ǣʲôҲûз֡
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ɱЩħޡͻȻԾֱħܼĵطеĽջӳһҫ۵ĺ·㱻һ׵Ŀյ
ȻֻһӣȫĻһҲ˵ʮ֮һħޡȻôһͨٻ߶ͻϲ
Ŷ֣ҲԾ£ͬʱŻСԼĿ
÷Ը׵ӴڿĴҴܣſڱĻ򣬲һʱʱ䣬Ԩĵײȼܴ𣬶ǻɵģһЧʾǱź졣ٻκζ
ܿ죬һŨŨտζ㲼ռ䣬ζţ̫󣬰ħ޶սˡ
ӴﵽԺźóĻõĶˮںϺӰεֻʹ֮󣬻εȾϺɫҲ֪ʲôԭ齣γķ֮һͻͨɺɫǽǺģǽɫýڵȻ뽣ںϣʹŵҲɫ
һͬʹõںϺѾһϰߡֱ³ĻŲŷӦûЧȻߡ
Сʹ죬űûٶ֣ɻص
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ȴϲһ첻һܻȻҲҪçˡ
ˣȻСԼܿͿԽħޣȻһǹһǹͱĲֺǻҪһͨСͣԼͰԲˡ
һһ˻Ĺ£һʱʱ䣬սѾٿŵħˡ
ȴԽԽ󣬻³ĻȻҲͨĻ棬ֻħϲ֪ѻ˶ĿݹҲҲ֪ǿݹж񣬻ԽԽԽԽߣʹûͣһֱ˳Ԩڡ

ݴׯĴַˣովףҹĵڣĿ˻ɽ緢ĳ
ڴԼҵķϿ޵ʱͻȻоΧ˺ܶࡣ
漴˷־ɽˣ˿ǸطðɫĹ⡣
ǻ棬Ǻ⣬滹ûŵ棬ȴۿɼӿȥɽľݴׯ˴ׯȸо
һҹʱ侭ô飬ڳܲסˡ
Ŵȥһܻһߴĺţѽĩ˰ܰҲ֪ҪĩյĻܸʲô
ܹ˻ǱȽģһЩѾ̱ڵϣҲܲˡ
мľ£ѾеʹޣеĴЦе·аǶԳܳķޡûܹµʱǵЩʲô

һҹҲ֪Щͷж٣ܹ˴һ𡣹ͷȼյĶҲǸʱ䣬ʸıȼԭ
ȻЩûйϵϨһٴԨ棬ûħ޺ͿݹǵӰ£һжһĿȻûзѶʱ䣬Ǳһҵһڡ
ڲֻһ׶֣Ϊ̫СźûпʱĶںܿû¶ҲĿݹסҲ˵
Сһڣ׵Ȼ޷ȥûţԼУ·ȥ


423 ɵ֮
һʱ䣬źڶԨ
һһһǰ׹ħޡ͵һ㲻ͬǣħֻһ֣ȫࡣ
ϼ£ֻк⾳ʵڵ࣬ڷڰ֮󣬾ͷնֱŷ
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죬æվãøܵС
ת˲ޱսһźʱʵԸಢûʲôѣٶҲ¡ֻ£ȴóȫɵƻ̫ʹԨ̮Ļ˺ܾܿͱˡ
˵Ǳڵ£ҲδػҪҵ֮ˡ
ˣźСĵĹΧȺһιֻɱһͷࡣ
Ҳ׳һҲĻСûܹɳԨﵽϲͨʵ̫Сˣܹȥġ
ӴȻڶĿռܴҲռ˴棬ȴǺܶࡣźһȻֻɱһͷɱеҲһʱ䡣
һ󣬵ڶûһŵˣź·һɽʬѳɵġ
䵽棬Ҳͬû֮ھһѰҵһڡ
üû뵽Ԩ˸ӣҲ֪滹жٲ㣿жħޣ
жپɱ١һҲġ
Ҳû˵ʲôڵҲֻˣûԥһȥ
һ죬źµ˵㡣
ǵڶһǧ﷽ԲСȴһħҲûС
ô¶ΧһƬյüͷѾͷЩˡ
ӦþЩħӥסĵطˣȫ˳ȥȻǿյˡ
˵ˣǰһæҵڣһȥ
ĲҲǿյģӦǸħӥһħˡ
۾¶һ˿Ц⣬մȥӦþħס֮ˣôȻҲǿյˡ
ȻҲһͷħ޶ûУڵ룬ſһĸͨĹӡ
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ȻҲûм֮ȴĹżϿͼ
Ĺӡɫ졣
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̻ԬһᵽǣȻҪȥڣŵĴ󷽣ֻҪħûл磬ȫĵطû֪ǵĴڡ
˳ԭ·ȥһҲûе飬ֱǷȥʱűȥģԺ󣬴ʱе˼붼Ǳ̻
ⲻɫѣǣ̻̫ʱ䣬Ȩڵһʱ

ػʹ鷿
Ȩбһϣһʮˡ
鷿ҲֻˣһŮûСȨκεط߶кܶ๬Ůź򣬱Ǻ˯ʱҲվŮΪκ顣
ֻ鷿ҲûйŮǻȨҲ
ȻдҪ˱Ӽнة࣬ʱһ仰Ҳ˵
˵ֻ
һսѾˣǵʧӦò˰ɣȨ˵
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ţȨǰɨأڵһʱˡ
ţة㶣û뵽ȨȻһֱû飬ĽͣҽϢȡƽû뵽ڻʵ۾ȻҪս
ة˼Ƭ̵Ŷû飬ţֻҪǲǵ鷳ԺҲµġûı֮ġ
ة˼ԣҪȰȨҪϾ˫ػˣٴηսۺΣɱģػ
ȨۣһҪ˵սףֻһ룬ҪԸźͰʲôá
ة㶣漴ͷӦ֪ԼٲȰ˵ˣڻȨ˽̫͸ˣȻҲܴײةλϡ
֪ԼҪģȨ˵취ˡ
ة಻ǾӣҲʥˣһģҲĽ䡣
Ӻʥ˶ة࣬ĸĸˡֱ̫̫棬áȻⲻͨˣֻ˵ЩλȨصĴ
ة˼ãһιǣʧܵҪԭΪկԮĴϹҺͷǵķáڳٴδ°ǣҪ֡ȵЩԮ°Ǳ㲻ˡ
ãȨҲôģǺϹҵöǱ̫ϹȻֲ٣ǾôˣҲ޷ӳʲôáвľկڵıʮ˰ɣ
ʮ򡣡ةӵڵѾռɽǧĵ̣ųԱ󽫣ս²ɵ˶٣ةֵҪԸǻҪ֡
šȨ˵ͷһξԲǰܴɣһҪкйص˶֮ء
ة˸ܸоȨ͸ŨŨɱةʵⲻ˻ȨҪɱŵԭ
֪ԲΪɱӻܣȨһ֮ˡôԭֻǾս˻ʼҵϡ
ϣôҪ
ة벻ͨǹԲһðյ顣ҲΪԼûԭɡ
ȨһߣҾ˵񻹺ܸǲ˶սةҲ֪
Ȩ뷨ҲӦ֪ģֻҪ֪ľͿˡһõةִʱıߣֹͼ
鷿˰죬ֱʱ֣ة뿪
ȨȴûţǴһԵóһˮˮŵСһġ
Ȩ˫ְˮϣһâϺֳܿһ˵Ӱ
Ƕڵǰǵʱ򣬻Ȩַʽҹˣʱ˳֣ûдӦ
ڣȨˣԷӰֳȨڱҪȥɽ
üû˵Ȩּ˵ɽ쾭飬򡣡
ĬƬ̣˵ͷڿڵðɣȻһҪҲ˵ʲôҪһ룬ĵż޺ãǲӦñĽأ
ȨҪУڱչأҲץʱŮǲҪǡ
Լأ
ҶҪΣһҲС
û˵ˮϵӰһʧϾȨػĹһҲ


424 ̻ı仯
ǡ
ÿһˣ϶ŨŨϲɫ
Żˣ֮
̻оˡ
˶ۼڱ̻ϸĿžڴϵı̻
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ͷָɿݵģ޹İףϵƲֱ۵Ƥ塣
ŻҲûпһϳǳһͨˣҲģ
ڱ̻ϣһ˿˭ȻΪһˡֻмΪϸĹ۲죬ܷؿһ
СĴǬָóĿ֮ݸЩκñ̻𣿡
ֻӹһţһž͹ˡ
ŰµַŻؽָУ㿴ҩ
ӵ˶ڿ
ֻԼĽָȡʮСҩƿЩרΪ˱̻Ĳġ꣬ùַϰҩѡһһñ̻Чķ
ʮλҩ֮ݣұ֤ܹñ̻ѹһʱʱ䣬еҩһ֪ʲôʮζҩǻһСƿ͸Һ塣
еĴƿȴû̻ȥת˵аֹܹȴûаǰӡ
ţʲô˼㶡
εҩǰҲû֮ݶǿ֮ҲֻͬʱõҩżϲûҩҲ飬Ҳֹ֪֮󣬻ʲôЧ
˼ǣü˵ô࣬ŻЩûԷе˼ŵЩˣһֱΪֻҪϣñ̻Ȭǰӡ񲢲ġ
磬̻ƿҩˮ֮󣬿ܲشǰҲһˣϾܹϻͯǴ˵е˵ûЧ˭Ҳ֪ҾؼҲӦĴڡ
ŶŵֻҪñ̻ͺãܱʲôӣҪںá
˵ͷ˵С¥е˵ȱ̻ˣҪȢΪޣ
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ڵӣҲȢ
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һոնʮһŮͻȻһ꿪ĹĸŮܽܵˣ
ŸȢǱ̻Ҽ
ʱһһȥ̻ĺԽԽأԽԽƽȡ⼣̻ѹһҲûеġֻǣòûб仯ôƣǸɿݵĺ޹İ׷
ʱ󣬱̻ĺںͳ죬ϸĹ۲һְָڱ̻ϣһŵֹѾָһͻѹˡ˶٣ֵֻҩݵûзӣĴܡ
ǻôͬʱʵ˵ܽǶ¶Ա̻к
ҡҡͷҲ֪ϾǰҴҲûмݣǹżϼصݣҲûоĽܹЧҲ޷³ᷢʲô顣ҩкͣӦòֹ˺ǡ
ڸźͣ˲Ҫġֻȴûз֣û˵ˡ
ʱ˶ڿжžϲá
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ڣΪź˭ҲûнĻ㿴һۣŷŸûпڿԼٿҲǺһĿ⡢һı顣
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ź˵ĺ濴ȥȴ˶ˣæתϵı̻
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ڣʧ֮󣬱̻ıȫһģǰһķ˶쵰ͣӷ׵ӭ磬֫ϸÿһա޳ظʡ
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ʱ䣬̻ʧȥ̫ࡣ
ʧȥ֡ʧȥ֪ʧȥഺҿ̻һֱԲѣʶԼģһ
Ϊ˾ţ̻Ĵ̫󣬴׿ڶ˵ˣȢ㣬˵ľ㣡
һҲԱ̻Ĵףÿ춼Դһչ˱̻
Ȼһֱڱ̻ߣкܶ
ÿ̻ϴһ裬ȫĦһ컻һ·һڼһָס
Щ鿴񶼺ܼ򵥣ʱ䣬һҲ󣬹ûмܹϸġŮӣϺ١
Ȼ¸Ҳܶ࣬ʱ䣬һֱĴѰҲϣоѺΣա´Ҳû˵һ
ǣ»룬ȴûб̻ࡣΪ̻ܹľţº붼
̻Ŀհס
۾ôĿ࣬ôĲģҪȱ̻ã㻹ʶ֪𣬿Цĸо
̻ȴʲô֪
ڶѹȥʧȥԽ࣬õҲԽࡣ
̻ʶȴõһաһŮ˵Ĳ㹻ˡ
ʱУÿһ˶һ˿ϲɫű̻Ȼ⣬ʲôҲܸܵϲõա
ֻȴֻ˺̵ܶʱͱˣǰӵʱ䣬˵ʹϲñǡ


425 Դϲ
񹭣̻ת˲һªŮӱһˡźµŬ£ת˲һϵòϵ˱һŮӡ
ı仯ÿһ˶ܸˣܿġ
⿪ȴֻ˼̵ʱ䣬Ϊ̻ı仯ûֹͣڵı̻ѾﵽӦеͣ˻ữ
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ոͣǲӵʱ䣬̻Ƕʮһꡣң仯ûн
ǰӹȥ̻ȻǲʮŮ
仯ȴɼ
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ҽñ̻ٱˣȥһСӵġ
ɫҲˣҲûа취Ŀӻ˥ϣҴҲû˵пӻҩ
ǰҲûҩĲҲԲеڶ˵ù˭ԽԽ᣿˭ֹԼᣬԼ˥ϣ
ûУϾûеڶĲˣֹҩҲ֪
ҽҲˣΪҽֻȷ˸ѡ
ڵҲֻǺһĿſữı̻
ʮꡢʮꡢʮ̵꣬ܶʱ䣬̻ͱֻʮģһɰ˼Ů
źĶͷ϶ϸܵĺ飬˭ûȥһ£ǵġ˴ʱһ飬Ǳ̻һСӣԼô죿̻ܽܵ
ãʮģ£̻ı仯ͣ־עڴϵı̻һڳһһǷ
ʮı̻ʵСʮ꣬⻹ǿԽܵġԱ̻˵Ҳǻ£¹һһഺǺܶҲ顣
һԵЦ̫ˣ̻ڿһСԺ֪Ҫúأǽнã
Ļе˶ЦΪ̻ԭÿһ˶ûĿĹǱ̻βã˵һӶ֮С
ڣһƲɢˣָ̻ഺұǰᣬʲôĽأ
ȻǿЩĹˣǴʱĽѾ˶֪ˡ
˶Цʱȴǵͷ˼Σ˵ԭзϻͯĹЧֹڵϢѾľɲݺԺһֱά֣ͻˣһ֮˻Ҫû뵽ܹظӣǻһ˷ݣǸϾҪˣҲһӤٻһӵġ
Ļ㶣̲ס˵ǵҵݾͿñָ̻ΪʲôҪħ֮أ
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һֱڿͱ̻飬һʱæʵôˣѵ̻ڵûκã
ҡҡͷüͷչǣֹѾȬˡҸոֻЩݵֹڵϢΪŨǴﵽ˳˵ֹ֮࣬Ҳܻ꣬˥ϻȵʮʱ򣬿ܿǳʮģ
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һ̻ǰǰ˰ɣȻͷֻһ̻ǵԼĸ磬ϵԼȻûˡֻԼ񹭶ϵһΣһ顣
̻ʲôûֻǻԵʱ̫ʹЩģڸոѹֿôİˣ̻ȻǸ㲻ô£עΧϣҲûȥԼ
ŵĻ̻¶˼֮ɫܿԼǰ顣
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ôܣǾԲܻŵġ̻Щ˵Ļ
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427 ɽ
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429 һ
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ַܹоһǰʱ򣬺ܾܿԼʱ
ΪͻȻоһɱ˻ɱ
ɱǴ˵ɢġ
ֻһɲǼ䣬ɱͳӡ
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ôŨɱԷ־飡
Щַȫףĵȴûֿͣ˼ȥ


430 ƾ
ַɷĻûߣǷһȥеʱ˵Ҳ뿪ַ棬ֻһ˶áˣʲôأ
һˣҪΪһ˻Ų壬ֻԼһ˶ûУôܹõ٣֣û˷п֡
ַӲûܹУ׼ȷ˵һҲûȥոжʱ򣬿ͻȻһεѹʹһ¶ǲܡ
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ҪַҲ֪Ǹ˭ų壬ϾеڶԼ
ַҲһçˣں˵ƿڴʱַ³˶Է⡣
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ַû뵽ųô죬Ȼ֪ų岻Լ
𣿡ַͻȻʵ
ַʱȥ⣬ȻַҲʶų壬Ҳ֪ųԼɷصˣų廹ԶԶûﵽƴĵزֵԼҪֻһԼɷ
ַȴҡҡͷŴ籾Բģ֣һ鶼СˣֻһΪҡַ濴ԼӣôˣһӶεУԶҲһˣһصĺӡ
ַӵͷȫܹԼɷ飬ոҲһһЩ¡һЩˣǱԼҪҪġ
ںܶ￴ɵֻзӲŻ֪ʲôҲ˵ʱ򣬻Ҫȥ
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ѾԣԷԸԼģսǶԷǿųҲߵĻᣬϾǺ񾳵ǿߣ˭ɱɱ˵ġ
ڣųȴԼ·Լ˵սַӣǻԶԶܲ˺񾳽ײ
ʱվڽַޣ֪ǺõʱȴѱϰΧסЩַոսʱ㿴ģ˴ˡ
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ڣַȴûлˣҲܲˣοͲܡ
淢飬ų嶼ܿõûв½֮ǰѾ뵽Ľˣַ治ߣЩҲȻŹԼ֮ǰĶȷģԼΪҪԸôȻŹַ¶
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˵˵ͷܴµĶԣ㻹ˡʵ벻ȻѾ뵽ԭΪʲô
ųЦЦǲ׵ģַҵֵܣ㶮ҵ˼𣿡
˴ҶʮǰҲǺһˣ
㲻ǡų˵ǺһˣӦ÷ַߣΪѾˡ
ͻȻЦˣϧڵѾǰ֪ҲߵģȻ׼Ҳһ³ܹ˲սΪʲôҪϼأ
կӽʮ˿УʲôҲһȫ׼Ҳϼ죬˵һʲôˣ
ųüͷֻһ仰µ˶ԷݣǶڵڵ
ϡ˵ųǻۣϲò
ųͷû뵽ܾȻôɳػǿߡ˶٣ųֵɱ㣬֪ƾЩӣܹܲկأ
ɱңۿųΣͻȻЦ㣿ƾ㣿
ƾңų֣ص˵
䣬һһǶһѵɢ貹âĸ߽鵶


431 Ѫɷ
ųеĵСذ׻СһˮС
⵶Ǹ߽⵶ųС
һƬҶҲû˸СƵġ
Ȼһ˾͸ţȻжԸųİաȴһҲûСų塣
ųεʱϾһƮһֱƮ綥ˣڻƽϡ
ȫעĿ·ų壬дʱҲһĽȻųĵҪ࣬ǺĽȣȴҲƷֻһ߰볤ֻһָһ㣬СӵߣһҲһУҲͬӦ˸ӡػһɵóĽȻһͨĽ
·ųȴûпһۣûпˣҲûпĽ
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ϰ˶Щƣǲ˽ŵʱųΪʲôԷҲӣֻǿǰСѵ
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һ֡
ֻǣĲϵ⣬Լġ
ų徹һԼļ羮Ѩϣ̵Ĳ̫һ²УҲǳѴûųڡ
γѪ˳Ⱦһ档
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ĹͨҪѪ۵ġַʽսѧһкֻܿһΡһóܹѶԷɱԷûһ¡ҲḶĴۣ㲻ҲȻԪˣҲָǰˡ
һ˲뵽ųʱõԼܱܿʩչɱķʽ
üͷȴûֳ⣬ʹųﵽ˺мҲ¡֪һ㣬ڶʱԲܳ־áԷҲֻܷιǼޡʲôĹҲܳΡ
ûжڵȡ
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һˣԼô൶ôѪǾԲģܹվѾǺˡ
ΪųƻΪ϶˶ԷֿԲʵѧȻ˭ûԼ棿ҪɱҲô൶ɡеľųϣֱųԼʮͣʱϲžЩԡ
ͻȻ뵽ųԼЩûһǽŵģϵЩ˿ڵλãһֵĹɡ
ûѧô鷳Ҫͱô൶Ŷԡ
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ʮ̲ѪһͣһѪɫâӰת˲֮γһѾ޴Ѫ
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⡣
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ڸոҵײ£ܵǻʬ壬ǲһֵ顣˾ԵֲסǵȾҵʬȻɱȻҳҪСĿ
˵УųѾˡ
ûһע⵽Ե£ѹһһ˵Ķڡ˿ˣҲʲôոյսըһͬҲһֵ顣


432 ҹɽ
橵ŮᲡˣӰҹͷգᷢյʱųַ滹û߶ãҲû˯¡
Ůɫͨ죬ȵķ̣æŮҴ򡣻ԴˣԬߺ˿һҽݣҽݵ˺橵Ĺϵûзʲô۾ÿҽݵţõ˼ʱľΡ
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ҲЩͷۻֻһͨˣһһҹû˯ֵ£ڼűŮȥҽݵʱлһˣǸΪʲô˵һѵ֪ԼΣգǼȻѾ֪ΣգΪʲôҪأ
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Ůصƹݵʱ橵㲣Ů£橽ûпţ֪ԼܿиҪҪ
Ҳ£ŮԱߣҪ˯һ㾫顣
ȴ˯ţһۣбųӰӣǸ룬ȴϸˣײʲô
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һδεڴʧУ̫ͷ̧ͷ˿죬ҧҧ촽߽бȥ
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裬ҪȥģʵЩգЩȡ
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ȴоۣԴģȴûֻͣһͷһҪߵկկôһҽܹκŮĲԼҲһҪųû
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⣬ҲųԭԴУկ˲٣Ҳкܶ˳棬ǶԴľϣų屾Ҳȥկģٶȣٵһȥ׷ַҲüִʱųʵ͵ַ⣬ûֻ̳ȷϵݶѡ
ųûȥұˣֱӰ橣еԭΪ橾ԼΪ橲ᱻɣܹƽĵկ
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ֵ߳ʱ橲һԵڵϡ
ãѾկĵ̣߳橱㿴կˡ
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ҽ橣ųѣų֮УҪݷկ
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ʿЩͷԣ橴ʱӣһҲųһŮ˴Ϣ
ҪҵŮڻڸգұҪҵҽΪŮ橼ˣԵȣ᲻Уôȥ
ආһۣһ⺢ӹȻǷˣʹȥɣկڴˣҲһźҽȥġ
šһ˵ͷɽһѲߡ
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կʿûзԣ֮еĴˣΪ׾ݲկ
ػı֮أ󲿷ֵ˶ԣ񵱳Żݴׯʱ򣬴дһҶò
һҲһʴ֣ͨ˼Ҳ㡣կ󲿷ȴûпҵġ
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ĴҪԴĴ࣬һӵʱ䣬ձˡ
橳һڷеһݵġ
ԼҪҪھȥͻȻƿһ˴˽
橽㣬㣿橣Щ˵


433 
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Ҳһ㶣һҲû뵽ȻϼԼҲҪԼȥġ
ȻǶԴˣ˴˶ʶǵԴеʱƼҲǺƽƽģƼҿԴ֮һڵ͸ǲͬ
һ˵ˡ
ʵû뵽ֻˣҸôܼ꣬ǵԼԼ橽㡣
̫꣬ʱȥ橵ľƹݺȹһξƣǱżȥġ橻ǵӦһκȾƣȵôµضǡ橰ŪŪɾְϴ·Ȼߣؼᰤ
ҲһΣʶûʲôȴû뵽ʱô꣬ǻܹг֡
橽㣬ʶų磿ʵ
橵˵ͷųûɽϣĵġȻֿ֪ԺСųڵĻľͲӦֻˡ˳
ҡͷŴ粻ڣɽկ鷢ڵġ
橵ɫ˱䣬ųܿܳˡ
ţ㶵Ŀ橣ôܣŴǴﵽ񾳵ǿߣⷽԲǧҲءԼˣųҲ¡
橳ĬƬ̣ߵʱ˵ڶûл㣬ֻתһ仰㵱ġ
סһŵΪʲôҪߣȥ
Ϊַ棬һȥַҡ橰˵˳֪Ĳ࣬ʵҲûж飬ַֻĴ˵ҳˣô򵥡
˵ɫҲˣ֪ųܿΣպȻҲ뵽ųЩⲢѡ֪Σյ·ܱųֱҪ࣬ų壬Ӧò뵽Щġ
ȻЩֻ뷨ʵ˭Ҳ֪ųûл뷨õ֤ʵͬҲ뵽˻ܣѾܹЩȷǻԼˡ
橽㣬лл㡣ͻȻ˵
䣬תȥ
Ҫȥʵ
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Ѿȥһҹȥ𣿡橵ųҴĻ㵱ģ뿪ȥðյġų˼橿һЩԼһֵã·ڼһҲֵˣųûнֵܣڵ֪ºΨһ뷨Ҫȥִ壬ûԼ᲻Σա
ֻǣֲֹܲų׷ѡųܿѾˣĴۻϢһҲûУ橵Ҳܡ
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ӱסأǰֻ˺̵ܶʱ䡣Ȼڶ˲ô
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˿ûټȥɽҲûȥִ塣
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ǡתߣ֪˵ĵˡһôΪλ𣬶ˡ
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Զֶ橵橽㣬ллΪŴ籨ţӦסģڲˣ㻹ɽɡ
橵ͷȻկжΣգһҲûͣ橴կ
վԭأð˵һ仰ܣ


434 Ϊ
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436 ų廹
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ʱ䣬ڷǵҲӵϢ֪կֵ쳣ɽʮȴһٶҲûС
˼ã뿪˷ǣկֻ·;̫Զկͷǣ෴߾ҪԽػ
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437 ս
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ΪصկѾȥ졣ܵĲӲûһ㶯ûС
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438 ɱ
һؿʵ̫Ҫʱ䲼óߴ¸ߵȵ󷨣Ǹܵ顣Ĵ󣬱ƹ֮е󷨣ʱŲóġ
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ǼʮĵѾ˳˼֧ķΧڿλ֮Ǳٴγһ˰˵ǰС
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ô죿üͷҲ𣺡ҪҪŶǳĹأ
Ϊҡҡͷǳˣôľ룬¦ǲǳɹѵġ
Ϊ˵֮ʱĵּѾ
ΪͻȻ֣һɫâзɳֱڰɽľ鷨֮ϡ
ͻȻâʢǰӰε󷨱ɢŵâһ򡣹ڵŨ˼㣡
ʱ֧ô򣬴űǰŨɫâٴײڽ֮ϡ
ɽǴ¡¡һ죬漴Ĺ꣬Ϻ¦µͬʱѣ֧ײ֮ǻʣһ룬ųɫȺ֮С

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ʱݲ˶룬ǻֲһؽ磬µĵɿǰȥ
ֶ˶Էּ֮꣬¦µĶʮӳ˾鷨ֱկʿ

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ŶͻȻеĹŵһӣȻ֪һѵһ˾ӭŶȺ˹ȥ
Ŷˣ˶ӦȻѾˣǻʲôȥԷӲƴɱһһ
Ŷ֮˶еĹóǰȥ
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˶Կʮ򣬶ҶԷﵽвܹʲôã
կؿÿһ˶Ȼǰȥɣ
սûпʼ֮ǰǾѾ˱׼Ȼǰȫ뿪κˣᱨ
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ڻкܶ˵ļ˾ɽʣЩԼѡҪսϵɷ˹Ҫկ
һӢ۵ƽʱҲʲôֻ֮ʣŻ֪õ˶˵ģ
ŶǵһȥģҲǵһȥġ
˫һӴǼκʱ䣬˱㵹ȥֻƴ˶ԷǧˣڵӼ
˶ٵĲ࣬սϣǲһһġڻλ񾳵ǿǰ
ǳȥ磬¦ֻӳһôǿӽԷĻᶼûС
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ΪѾȥˡʿǰսԼȴ󷽣кܣҲûнйս
Զǳǰߵġ
һΪȴá
¦ûͣŵֱ˵˵ĵؿ


443 ת֮
ĵؿǹ˰ɽɽƸա
мһֻʮ׿СֱͱڡĵطǰĹؿʯͷʿܶûطܡ
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Լʮկֻأ˼һ룬¦кܲȻկҲʧֻʣʮ¦һռϷ硣˫ʧȴ̫ˣһսУӦһʧٲŶԡ
˵ԷտأϺ¦Ǵﵽмľ磬ڣԷʵһҲռ
¦֪ԼƣʵȫΪԷ󷨣ΪԼһԥʧȥõʱ
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͵һܶԷʲô󷨣Ƕǰ壬¦ҲѾܻˣԼ˻ȥġ
ڶϵһʱȴȻͣΪǵǰͻȻһǽ
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ͭǽҲȱ㣬Ҫ벼ó㹻ǿһǽڣǺСһųɣǽ̫ɢͲˣϾǿҲһ޶ȣ޵С
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ܻɽһУҲܻ˺ѿռ䣬һеĺڶĳϺ¦Ҳûаܹӳȥһ·Ȼ˶һӵŭȴʵʵĴأһҲҶɽͷ
ΪʲôԷ᲼󷨣Ѿ֣֪ͣԼôҲƲǽġ
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ǻôȥҪʲôʲô¦ͻȻ뵽⣬ʱɽɽкܶأɽȴûС
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˵Է᲼һסˣͬʱҲסԼ󷨡ɱ졣
뵽¦ɫͻȻˣͻȻ뵽ͭǽڵһֱ仯ת֮š
ת֮ŵ󷨺ͭǽڿһǲҲֻ΢һЩ֮ͬΨһǣת֮һʱڣͻȻһΣҲǽڻͻȻʧ̵ֻܶ˲䣬Ȼǽڻٴγ֡
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¦ɫԽԽ֣أͻȻ󺰵˶˻ȥ
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Ⱥû̶ܶ˶ǲԼˣ
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¦µľһûУȻǾʯȴûУխĵطվ̫ˣֵҲ΢΢
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444 Եȷ
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ͣסŲٴοկʿҺܶࡣ


445 ɽ
߹ؾկɽ˵Ҳûе߹ˡʲô󷨶סϺʮӡ
ɽΪʲô󷨶ûвãֻɽһ֮磬ʮʿɽկס
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Ϊʱȴûκΰ취ܻϵȷ󣬱˵ԼػҲܹԿ󷨡
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446 Եĵڰ
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һˣҲûʲôµˡ
ˣϣһⶼûС
ҵʵôҲԴΪ˵
Ŷ۾Уû뵽һСﾹȻҲҶײԼڵϺܷ꣬һʲôûˡʱıŤ
ϵƵ˼㣬һɶ˲ĵ𣬡Ҳû˸˵ҾڵΪʲôҪϣ
еһһûж㿪ϵһȸոҪ˼ȴûӣһСһЩ
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456 
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ûп⣬ȴоתͷȥȴǷоվ
һһˡ
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ȻǸʱϻΪһССɽҪõȷ󷨡
ԼΣǴӸԴųžԵĹϵ˵ûų壬ϾͲܣѾˣҲ䵽ûȥ³
ˣ￴ų壬ϵȫǺ⣬ǰѶԷǧУеѹ֡
û뵽㾹Ȼţ۾ųǰ˵
ųڿܲãһ첲ɫҲ԰׵ɽϵΪеһȡ
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ں񾳵ʵȻѾʧǺӦеĸӦȴڡ
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ոܹסķݣΪƹݾϺԶλһꪹıԵһĻͻٲ橵ľƹˡ
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ųֻǿԼһ仰м˵ϴŭͻȻռȻûҾһΣ
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ΪԼģǵԼ橺ĸŮ
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ᣡ۾ҲתԼŮһꪲڣѾˡ
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457 
裡裡ȥʱͻȻһСŮĿ޺
㶣̫ϤˣԼŮ
ǴԱߴģ
᣿橴ʱȻܹ˵ϵѴ࣬ӦѾ˵ġֻΪǸꪻûаγ橲ûʱȥ
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ۣһ˫ǾźͿ־壬ɫ԰׵ˡ
ãϲûһ͸Ŀ͸ĶûС
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Ȼų壬ųûеڶˡ󴫳һͳɵŶԣұҪģû뵽㾹Ȼôٶȣһ졣Ҿֻվˣ֪̫ǵסһꪵġҲ֪˵жҪҪʲô⣬Ҳᰲġ
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ԣʲôҶܹų֮⣬ͻȻЩж˺֮⣬ΨһܹŸжģܾˡһԱһģ¶ˣǵж
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ţˣҺųһ𣬺𣿡
á
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šųЩģ
һ˵Ұһܰĵطòã
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ųˡ
Ϊǰһģ˻ΣͻȻԵڵء
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ڵϣͷϥϣͻȻޣ
ӺȻ޵˻ߣ
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458 
ϵڵôʱ䣬ǻԹȥҲûǱѨ
ŵȻɱģ˵һկʤʿ˵ѾǺܴ˺ˣοбն֫Ķ塣˵꺦Լ׸磬Ҳĸס˵Ѿǲô˵塣ݲñ˺Ҫôòһȫʬ
ڵų橣ųѣΪҹȥկѶġ
һеһмϱһٴҲĺޡ
ͬĻΪ
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ϵľѾЩսʧȥڣ֪ԼȥδһϵеĴ̼ϵ˺Ҳ˵ǺܴˡڵҲɽѡܣΪʱ̫ţ̫ࡣǾôʱ䣬Լǰ·ڰ֮ҲͲôˡ
ǣǰסԼ˫۾ϵȴûɵһɾ⣬ͻȻһָоԼ³ԶԶûôףô򵥣
Ҳ֪ǡǡǸ壬Ҳûסҵȥ·ġæ֮ǰ׺ݺͲ̵ھһҲˣʱ¶һ˿Һ;⡣
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ءءϺĽţϴһ˿֮ɫ
˭˵Щʲôڳÿһ˶ܲµһ˵ɱҰɡ
ڴϵȴֲˣٴοԼеذףϸ
Ҳһ̷ϵĥĥһҲڲп̷
ᵽԼһꪣԷʲôˡĸΪһȻ죬ҲԲҶԷ㺦£ҲֻǺѡڵԼµľô򵥡
˵ѾһҸˡ
ͻȻڣԼΪʲôҪɽҵɽսжãܱܲס˵벻پڵĥˡ
ͻȻЩĽȥ¦ˣ¦ҪԼҸһٱһǧ
ѨסٱΪʮͷ챻һȭϡãӱһߡ
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һԥûУ˿Ѿڵµų橣ֿ˿㱣ֻ֪ᡣ
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ԣúԽͻԽۡϾ͸ִ
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˵ͷҲֵܱܵĳŵ
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תȥ
ԼĶ壬ɽկ
ڶա
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460 һ·
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վ橵ʬ壬Ϊų壬űڻС
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ԶһͷӴӰӺҪҲ֪ĻʮǰžСӷϢԼ
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ʵˡͻȻ˵
ЦŵǰԴʦҴٲС֮ʵķɿ죬ʦ˵Ѿﵽ˺񾳵ʵˣǰչʦ˵ΪҵĹϵءеʦȻħ
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תͷһۣ¶һŨŨİˣֻƬ֮䣬ʿֻʣһ롣
˫սֻҪκʱ䣬Щʿͻȫսڷ⡣
˫ʵʵ̫ˣǵж㣬жôĲһģҲܹɱһЩ˶ѡ
תͷŰȥ֣֮ͣΪϤ
ţȻ㡣ͷ˵ôᵽ
ڷõͷϣź²ź¶Ŀлһˣʨͷ˰
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ЦЦţһӾͷȻܳʱûмˣǷ֪ˣǱпܱסˡ
һָоֻҪڣΣյ鶼顣
һμʱҲǼŵʱǸʱ̻һġǴûţú߲ܿǡ
֮󣬷ñץߣں°ԼоȳҲһΣŽɽĵõ˾ĴС
ʱеķ֣ҲŴħҵмصģû֣ڱضѾѪɺӡ
һһС»ۣʹ÷öŲһĸоǾֻҪڣʲô鶼Խ
ֻȴһ÷벻ףȷʵʱΪʲôͶԷȷվһأΪǴǲ˾֣벻ǣΪʲô˫վһͬʱͣأ
ոյսôңõȻûע⵽ԼͷϷʲô顣
ź¸ʱ򣬰Ҳӷǵһת˹֮ǰҲûԷȻڽûʱԼǺһ־ٶȻ˽ãǰκһ鶼ǲģͱֻոռ棬ͰԼ޸˵ǷǣػҲҲڶҲֻзһ˻ϵ顣
һսϸϣȻշģսʱźҲͬʱڰ
ֻǶһۣ㶼ӶԷпͬ˼
ǣ˸û˵һ仰׷׺ͣ
źͣȻǲͷˣʮ˵սϣź£Ҳұ֤Լܹ˵İȫ
Ҳ˲ûи֣ǰʨͷˣʵСҲ֪ԷǴ졣ֻҪԷֹܹԼƬ̣Լܹסͷãȴʱпƿ֣ɱС
л࣬Ųںеİȴںõĸࡣ
ÿȥУ඼ų˷ߣžԴԼĺһȻϣ£ֹܹսķԸ⿴Ľˡ
ڰͣԭ򣬱˵ǷãźʵҲ֪
ۿŰҲţ˴˶˺һ˵Ƿǵĳ𣿡
ҡҡͷҲǡ
Դ𣿡
ٴҡͷҴˡ˵ţָָķãǷǵĳܴܷԷǵĽĻԺ̸
˵ͷǿԲǵģҾȥ̸ˡûΪǵĳһŮӶ¶ɫ
ڿԷеľͿøոƻս֮˭ֵģŮΣһŮӣκһ˶
ӿֱǰźȻҲ˷ߡ
վڷұߣվߣ󽫻ţûһļƣͣǻܿҲڲ
ʲôܹвĳǿվߣ
ҲǷˡ
վڷöİָָŵ˵ܴκξ
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̲ס˲ͷ»ô˵޵ˡڵҲ˵ʲô۷ʲôȨ棬ģֻǾȫԼѶѡ
üͷ壬Ҫ˵ģ˺ͷǶûʲôѵͲ֪Ҫ˵ʲô𣿡
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465 ɱ
ŷãֻҪػһϵûУԸ˳ôȻṥǡ
գգۣػûйϵûʲôҲûгϷģ˵йϵĻҲǳӵĹϵҪ˳ЦһΪһЩëͶ𣿡
㣡ϵļһ󶶶ϵëͣıøˣɱǰŮˡ
ȴûôһǿѹеķŭڳʱⶣսĽΣɱػͨա
ɱػˣ˵ûʲô쾭飬˵ս£ƽʱ࣬Ҳ顣
˺ˣȻ˵һԣͬǣǶΪ˴˲ͬ塣
ɱҲУǾǴħһ򵥡
ķԸǺܲ˼һ顣ߵĴڣ˵ĻʥּҪʲô˷ԣ˲ӷԸ
ڰԸ˼ػΪūϾֲɼȺܶϣԶԶࡣ
Ҳǰڰкͣԭܹս÷ǹ˳˵õĽˡ
ǰѷӲȻаɱеʿаռǣȴûаղɱһա
ˣ˭Ҳ֪ջʲôķӦһǣڲ˺Է£ǰҲ֪Ӧôźá
˫ʵԵĲ£뵽ƻԷǳطֵķöԷһӦԼҪ󡣱ϾҪ˺á
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۾еŭһϳ塣ûź£ϲûǿϢڰҲǸոս⾳ӡ
ڰ˼Ӧôʱ򣬷ͻȻӿİա
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ž˵Ļֻǰߵºͷöס
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ºͷסΪǾ˵һûУȻеİղ٣ȴһЩеͨˣǶҲδܹԸһǧˣԷôЩأǲܵ顣
ȴһҲں˵Ŀ֪˵ĶԲԣ
۾𣬵ôΪЩأΪֹ˴Ľ𣿡
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İ취ʲôİ취ͷʵ
ҡҡͷ֪ϾûмҲ֪Էһˣ֪ԷΪʲôһȴ׼ɱͨİգ治֪ôġ


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ھĴɽУͻȻð̳
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466 
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˰仰ŷûдһʿֻаںš
˵Ľų̼죬ʮľ룬ûһӱѵ
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ҲڿˣѿԼЦЦ
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ͻȻӳǽԾ£ֱǰҲӦҵϢҲӦʲôˡ
סĿźһŵ
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ڿǵ̳֮ʱűӦ˽;֮еϢŻԷ˵ܿܺɲ˵ˡ
ȻԷԸԸԼĽŻȷֱԼ£ŲŸȷͶڵһ
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Ȼɵ˵ʯҵĴ֮˵ĺֻԼȫЧҡ¾õĴСûģǱѡУôҲӦѧϰѧûоȻ
ʯҵĴô˵ģɻĿɵ治֪顣˵ЩҲ֪ʯģǶǽһĴгΪġǧʱ䣬ĴҲ֪˶ٴ
ôôʯеأ̲ס뵽
ɵƿ롣æʯȥ񽫾ĴԽӵġ
ɵĻŵ۾ɴ󣬡ȥǼʯҽӵĴУ
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ǽڣǰʮΪġʮʯҵӣſȷʮû˽ʯ֮С
ɵϸ˺һһֱվİꣿ
ڵõʨͷ˰Ļظɵֳ˼òŵǰ˾ɽʯеģһֱչأѾٶˡ
죬˺ȷʵһ壬ԷȻԻٶ뵽ħ֮뷨ʱʧˡħ˵Ͳʲô
ŲЩûõ⣬ֱʵԸҵĽ
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һŨĺɫâڰ˲źɵþ֮Ǻɫǻһ֧ĴָСѪڡ
ѪɣγѪҪ֮ʱֻҪųѪĽģܹӦõ֮ǰկʱһΪͷŵѪŻôʱĸȥ
Ѫ֮󣬽ͱھȥҲаԥ
ڣȫԷˣɵ˵ǵĳҵѣ㲻ܹǡ
ǣɵһԸ
Цŵ˵ͷȴͻȻһ飬ʵ⼸һֱҲûйǣǲ¹˺еİգ
ɵ˵ͷǵġ
ΪʲôأЩʡ
ȻҪһңͲܱǰҲãʿҲáЩʱ򶼷ɱɡ
㲻ɱɱ㡣
ο˺˴֮䲢ûһϵǶѶԷ࣬˴˲ɱһУɵµǺܲ˼һ顣
ŵɵȻʵʵĻش˵һֻΪҽܴеλࡣȻҵõĴУȻͲӦɱͨİա
һֵ뷨һ˶Ѵкϵһ𣬵ȴôġ
ŵ˵ͷû˵ʲô
ŵȻػˣôھͳӽԺҲ̤ػһ
ǽϣúźĶԻ˶˵Ŀ˶Էһۣû뵽һսȻô򵥾ͽˡ
϶¶ЦݣȻЩ裬ҲͶԷһս˲ǳлôİգܹסǵİȫȻˡ
ϵЦݲŸոճֽ֣סǵ÷õһù֮һɻĿ·
˱ΪѾˣҪ˻ԼĹңõĽ֡
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ҡҡͷҹƵĲػĳӦѾûʿˣ밫ԶʮʿܵߣĳеʿҲӦöȥǰˡ
һǰʲô룬ѵȥɱ˻ܣöػ
ҡͷҺͻ֮ȻԹֻҺ֮˵ĶԹػһϵûСһǰҲҪȥԸܵģҪȥǡ
ǣ룬ȥǣǾԶҪһʲôأɵЩֵʵ
ǵĳҲҵĽŵǵĴ֮ܿܺǰķһǱ뾡ȥǡ
žãܰѾ밫߾ԶʮʿȥμսӦǰ;ı߾ˡһٹ֮Ը
Ҳ޿ɺǣȻûͬʱֹҵսôֻܼȫȶԸеһȻٰĳȥ
ֻڵʱ򣬻ܲûеǵʿԼ˵ְѷ
ôǵʿҲӦһܾԲðǵĽȶһġˣžðڰ˲ͷһҲڵֵһҵĹֻǸҲԵģܿǾĹ
ǣŲɵعԼһȥǡ
ŷɵҲȻûתͷŰ˵ʿ̣ƹǽ
ǣӦȻŻȥȥˡ
У˶ɵޱȣû˻ỳ˵ĻҲû˲Ը
һΣɵˡϰȷ沿ӣʮıǵĳǽ棬Բʮﴦˡ
ôڰָ£ȴֻһӵʱ䣬ʰһУɰǵķȥ
ҲøǣһŰǷȥ


467 ս
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ǹϣڽһս
߾һ·ͨ衣
ػеıܵ˹ı߾ھһ谭ûֱ¡
˫һ仰Ҳû˵չһս
ǺͷǲͬػСһǣǳĳǡڵİУŽʮʿǽҲз֡
˭Ҫ°ǣһ׵顣
ʱվڳǽ֮ϣ߻г¾ȻϹٺ硢һֱλ
վһ𣬱һɳҪжһǣǲܵ顣
ʱ˵ɫɣһ߿ųǽµһ߻е졣
˵ܰе˶ߣǲǾΪþǣ
пܡ¾Ȼ˵пǻܶԸ˰Ľбȥɡ
ϹٺȴǵԻ˵ˣǱ߼ܶԸˣָΣգһ˰ɡ
ۿųǽ±ߵսôûпʲôΣأ
ϹٺЦЦ㵱ȻΪǸûΣգƻҲϵĽҲ뵽þԸǣȻһҲ𲻵
ǽ¹ǵȻǾľˡ
˼壬˵ܸߣɿ⣬ƣÿһ˵жһغŵıͷõױƽѾǾ͵ˣǺ;еıǾСӵһˡ
̵ıҲ׳еǹõĶǰ׳ôֵİӣҪϣǰû˲ɡ
ֻǣڳǽµľȴһҲš
ǵܴǵıˣǵһҲ㡣ǣǵĶȴ
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˹ǾöԷĻͻ¡ļûм϶껹ܡ
̫ȻҲվһ϶ûУͬʱǰǰȴࡣǽϼּȫ
ڹսѾһʱȴûһܹ£羹һ𺦶ûС
Ϊˣ˲ܹڳǽе졣սûпʼʱ򣬱Լû뵽Ը˾˼򵥡
ָӾ˽죬ǾĹ١
ٱѺϵҶͬһʱ乥ػⳡսǺ׵һ飬֮ǰ谭ǳкʹ졣ΪػʿһǿôҴ±ˡû뵽ȴǿĵֿ
ȻǿֻԼΪģΪԼվϷģڻûй£ֻʱ仹ûѡ
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ֳһ˿ǡʱҲ򶨲ˣֻԼʧжءһʱʿѾʧķ֮һ
ֿ񲻴󣬵ǣսУ˶ûйôʧںսͨġ
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һȴǲУոʱоǹʯͷʯͷڻйֱ֮Լһʿ
һ֣ʹǵƱƣٲžû뵽ȻʯͷȥʯͷҲԹִ˺һֱôȥոսЩ˵֮Ҳܹƿֵġ
ûһԼʿʯͷɱսȫͬĸ
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ϸĿ˿ҳĶüͷǿʵһҳһӦö
Ҫҳһףҳʮ׿ҲףٿһҲѡ
ܿһģǶȡ
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ٴǴһ˶˻
ǰľæȿֺźȥգ֮䣬˸ɸɾܵٶҪȽٶȿࡣ
ǽϵİȴһҲûעЩ˳̵ľˣǽĶſ񱩵٣̲סҪ
ߵĳ¾Ȼҡҡͷ֪񱩵ӣòҪԼǰɣ
ԼǣΪǷ𣿡Ц˵
ֻǰ仰û䣬ȴپͻȻշֱֱŹײ
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ٵٶȺܿ죬һգ۵ʱ䶼ûУ㵽˹⣬еľް𣬺ݺݵڹ֮ϡ
һ졣ֶҵĻζھްûĵطǳһ˿Ѻۡ
ʱ򣬳ǽϵʿǻûзӦٵĵڶȴѻӳٴλй֡
Ѻִһ˿
ֱʱʿӦæ׼ڰе٣еļ֧
һܼļȴûпһۣٴλӳ
ڰй֮ʱҲߣȴûһ֧ܹ䵽塣ٵܣҲһεĽ磬껹Զ׷ͣ١Ȼ䡣
˭Ҳû뵽Ȼǿᣬֻһ˱֣ҹѼ顣


468 Ⱥս
ٵǿᣬλɫˡ˶һۣӶԷп˾ţԼ˭ƾһ֮ôپͻ֡Ȼǵķֲ̡ǵĹϹ޵ħֵ֧ģħŵõ˺ܶ޵ħЩûԵŶ͸˷ãǵķֻͨħħ⻹ǰģڵħ޶Ѿħٲý硣ڵħҲôˣԴħҵƬ꣬ħ֮ħ޺Ҳʶһ㼯ڣػеħޣɽʹɽڱѾܹˡЩħ޾һҲܹˡ
Ҳûȥɱħðˣڵħޣϵħ˺ͽٶôҲֵǮûҪȥħ޵⡣
ػ˺ħ޺ǻ˽ޣ֪ħ޵ľ۾ӵƬɽ֮⣬ٲ֪ħ޾Ρ
ɽжʲôʵûдȵЩػ˶֪ͨͨ
ǰµͨħҲǺֻܶ࣬ǿְ֧ǵĹ֣һ˵Ĺ£˲֧
ȻΪٳǿţԼһ㡣
ټȥ˹ֻ֣Ҫһӣǽȱڣľ˱пܹС۽սԼʿһҲûУϾʵ̫ˣ˵һʵûУͨʿ򲻹Ҳš
ҲԲ֮ģ֮˫Ǿ͹ľˡľ˹֮磬ûܹס
ˣֻһ취ǾֹٵĹֻҪס٣ƹ֣˺ǽϵʿôǱ㲻ܡ
Ϲٺ硢¾ȻλҲͬ뷨˱˴˶һۣѿ˱˴е⡣û˵һ仰ͬʱ˳ȥ
ڳͬʱѶһ˻ǰ壬ѻӳ
һϸȴƻĹߴӽֱٵʺ
ǼΪѧǽĴвеѧе۳һߣеһϣܷӳƻ
Ȼⲻ˭ġǲۼķܹ뵽Ҳܰгһ㡣
ս˫ʵͬûһҲֵܵסһߡ
ȫһؽƶܵķʵȰһ㶼С
ߣȲҫۣҲѤãȴΣա
˵̫ȻٵĶһҲٶۣ֮ǰһӱ嵽ǰԿҪһѡ
ٵĶ죬κζ졣һ⣬һ֣ѵʺǰ
ٶȣҶ˵ﵽ񾳣ƾʧҲͻȻûֻٶȿó˵Ӿѡ
ٵٶܹ˵۾ȴ첻Ľ⡣
ǲ뱻䴩ʺֻһ취סˡ
ǰͻȻһܣȻ˿ʼˡ
ֱڶϣ˶٣漴㴩͸ܣȥȥʺ
ֻһʱ䣬ٱ˳еİл̧ӭŰĽ˳ȥ
׳ϸľްҲ˹⣬ͰĽһϸһ⡣
Ĺײһ𣬾Ƿ޴죬дһըס
ײУǰɺˣƽȵĺˣһĸͷ˳ȥֱײڻסǵĹϡһײΪ޴󣬾һײǵ֣屻סǵڳǽ֮ϡ
ӳǽٴվѪȴûй˵ĨǵѪæǰȥȴڸոյһ֮£Ҳ˳ʮԶ
΢һЩѾ˺ǽϵʿˣȻѣֻҪʿûҪסǽ˵Ľû⡣Щ˵Ķʵ̫ˡ
ҲֻǷһѣոյһĸоٱҪܶࡣֻһ¶ײԼˣٲܲսԷȴһҲûСû˵ԷȻ
ûŵʱ򣬰һֱΪϣԼѾǶĴˣԼʵ൱ģҲи߳ԼĴڡصĺڻѪɷҲԼ࣬Ǻ񾳵ʵѡǸʱ򣬱ǶڵϺڵ¦ҲǿԼ
֮󣬱㷢˺ܶ飬ʹð֪ϻкܶ೬ԼĴڡеǷݰʧԼ٣ûܵʲôֻڵλ֪ܲס٣ܲսʤ
˳սɼٺͰһȻûˣǿҵײ£Ҳ˳ʮվס
ûüλûͣȵʱһٴϮ
ϹٺĽ
ûйâҲûκϢ
ľ͵ü޼䡣Ϲٺе̺ڽ֮ڡһΣգһҲڰһϸĹ⣡
˵ոյһΪ˻٣ôϹٺĽҪɱˡ
ϢӰΡ
ϹٺеĽ̳֮ʱʧڿУٳʱ͵ٵü޼䡣
ֱʱٲŸо˽һ˿ϹٺϢǽĺ
Ҳֻﵽ񾳵ĸֲܸܵ˿΢ĺ
ϹٺһĹ졢ͻȻȴûаĽ졣
һ˿ʹٸоΣգˣӰһΣʧڰա
ĵϣеľ˶ֹͣ˹ٳֵʱǱֹͣˡġ
ʱеľ˶̧ͷſеս
ھǿĴڡĹҵľǣһֱΪٲֻǾǿģ磬Ҳ˱ǿΪھ˵У˾ǿ塣ǿеô᲻ǿأ
һҲû뵽ֻһǣȻôԺһսǿߡ
ԷȻ˿ԺսϣռϷ硣
Ǿȴ̫ģţԼǿģ۶Էж˶һ
ոͶԷһǶֻһ£Էˣڵĸܸͬ˺
ϹٺһһԼͻȻʧеľ˶
ȻٵӰʵ̫죬ڵľУǵƾʧ˵ġ
ȴӲλ۾
βŸոճϹٺǰһѵһǹͻȻͷϺͱ
ǰϵֱٵͷδǿҵĵ磬ǰѾݾ·ĵ涼һĴ󹵡
ʽĵΪԵһ
ڵ֮µȴǰȻǰѵĵ磬ֻǴĳ
ƮУϻӳľް
ǹȴϢ
彫ǹ
ǹǴٱ̳ģֱٵಿλ
ǰеǹҪ뵲סǰĵһѶǹ
һǵϵľ˶óǼԼӮʱҲ̲ס


469 ֮
ʽһݺ£Ȼĵܸٴʲô˺ʽԼȰǿȴûһһþȫʽֻԼĵ
Ϊ滹彫ǹֻҪðԼĵͺѶ彫ǹ
ԵȴնģϢǹ
ٵİϷĵӭȥܲӶԷĵʱոնϹٺĽ廹ûվȣҼվȣҲٶ㡣
ٵĳҲķϲսǱֱֱȥһ
֮ǰӲϲġϹٺĽɼͶԷӲҲˣϹٺһ̫ͻȻˡ
ڣҲˣԷĸˣһζȥֻһǾĴûжãһͱ
ǣٵİʽĵӭȥڰ뵶ཻ֮ʱٵһŤһŤܿ彫ǹȻôӴ壬Ȼȫ
صײһʽֱӱ׷ɡ
ҲǣҲںˣʽ޴ķ£Ҳԭͣס
ֻǣһǹڵཻ֮ʱǹ壬ȻһŤʹ彫ǹûд࣬ɴļ
˵壬Ҫﵽ˾٣ļ͸ܱͨȣǴﵽ˺񾳵彫еǹҲֻѡ
ǰͨ˵ԲǳˣȻܴӺȥǰǾԿԶв
ھ˵Ͳʲôˣ˿ڣҲֻƤ˶ѡ
ǿҵĳ£ٵˣһͬߵģ彫彫еǹǰ̣˵Ļش١
ֻǲǹȴ޷֡
һֱ˳ȥƲŽͣסǵӰո֮ͣʱͻȻ֣һѱץס彫еǹһǹ˳
彫״æضǹǹӶԷ
û뵽ǣԼһûзѣǹ㱻Լ˻
׼ȷ˵ҲǶģٸûҪԷıץסǹֻҪ˿ڰγȻ֡
彫һ£̲ס˻Σʱһ׳ĴͻȻնֱ彫¡
˵Ҫʵ̫ˣ彫ûӵһ˶С
ʱٵİ˶ûǿƷûйâƣҲûзǰȴܿ졣
սʼ˵սû־춯صӣûк⾳Ĵþʴ̼
Ǻٷ񾳵ǿһսܱͨߵľﶼǻ⵽״ݻٵġ
ȴ֪ϢսȴøΣգս˫ÿʱÿ̶ԵֻɽƵصĹҪա
λܹϢΪǽܵĴУһѧѧδܸǵĴС
λƵǣǵĶپȻҲܹ㣬һҲǲټҪ˶󣬾ʹλλֹһû·硣
ֻ彫ǹ壬ȴٹе²ġ
˿ڣ˵Ĳʲô彫ԼֹʽӲһǣΪľʱ
ʽһǿײˣ³彫еǹһԼˡ
ʱ༸λûи֮ˣȻҪշҪһЩȻмĲҲֻһκʱ䣬Ƕ˵ȴ㹻ˡ
㹻ɱ彫
γǹپٰ£һϵеĶһգ۵ʱ䶼ûϡ
彫۾󣬸ոնǹõʵ̫ˣʹһʧȥƽ⡣ĿŶԷİѹȴǹӭ廹ڻζҲܣûпƺƽ⡣
ĽںŴ˴ǻҪһκʱ䡣
һκʱ̣ܶǴʱȴԶԶȲ彫
ҲУǹ͸壬ֻôܹ˵أ񷢳Ľܹ˺Է
ǽǵĴиͬ⽣ҽĴУ˲ʹ
ˣȴֻٲܷϸ
¾ȻѻӳеĽһХ٣ȴûпһۣеİ·¡
ֱٵϣһƵ죬ȴֻ˻Σһ鶼ûС
¾ȻϹٺ硢ʽ˵Ķȥ
ʱ˭ҲȲ彫ˡ
ڽȴסǿһ˼顣
彫Ȼû
ûһ˶ûܡ
彫㿪ٵİǰͣͷûȥǾްѽӴ彫ͷֻҪһ㣬ض彫Դ
ͣסλһȻ֪ʲôԭ򣬵ǿóˡսϣ鱾Ӧ÷ģԵ飬ǶԼĲ̡
һͨʿһ㣬ҲΪˣλŻֹ٣һҲʲôءսϣֻһܹžǹءûΪʲô˺ͲףٶûԹԡ
ʲôءô˹ͲػˡһûС
ڣͻȻ飬бȻԭ
벻еԭ򣬵֮£ȴͻȻоһɼΪϤϢ
ϢŵϢ
æǰȥڼԶߣмӰٷ
Ӱٶȼ죬Ǽκʱ䣬㵽λǰ
šºɵ
ſ˰һۣ˵ͷȻֱǰִٵİק彫
һϵеĶپһ㷴ӦûУûٴλӳеİҲûֹš
ֻվڰգĶŵ۾
һú֡彫ԼͻȻ˵ǲǸоҺϤȻȷǴҲûм
ٵͷ
֪ʲôԭ𣿡
Ƕ˶һŵǣ
ͻȻЦˣָŰ˵ո㽻սģҵĽ
ɫ˱䣬ͻȻϥڰգٰݼ
ʮ彫֮ףֻھ֮£ཫ֮ϵĴڡλҲ޷ڽûʱһҲһֵ顣
Ը׷𣿡ͻȻʵ
Ը⣡ٻشնһԥûСΪ֮ףҲҪĽϺܶ࣬ΪģȻĴУΪȴδ䵭
ɵ˵ûģûȨ̳нѧģ޷ܴУĴУĽһĵ
¶һ˿ãֵԸҽѪ
Ը⡣þҪԼ¶ŨŨϲãĴУԸû뵽ȻԼʵˡ


470 ս
ٽѪѾʮλ
ҽһֱŰʡ塢¡λɽϹٺ硢ҽǽ¾Ȼ𽫾ǡ¦񽫾ɵ١
¡λذǵսսǺ¦կɱ
ڸŵģʮλֻûкŽѪҽɰŵסǣѣԻƴС¥ŵˡ
ʮλͱڶߡſǰλǶһߣȨĴ
һҲ֣ӵнĴУӵ˱˸ߵ㣬ǵʵԶԶڳˣľӪ£ǻܳΪһǿߣǵ˽Ĵˡ
ڲ֪Уŵǿһĸ߶ȡǰȨ˵ңɼĴڡڣǱʲôѲš
ػ½һңҵľŵĳһǿĹҡľ޲ˡս޲ʤȫԱʵ֪ػ߳ٱڶԸħκ˶ֻʣʹࡣ
ǰػʵҲڲˣػеʵػޣħħѾٳΪػˣԭػҲѾʵֻķʳػ޲Ӱ죬ȴֶڷ͵ģˣħػʵػ½һˡ
ʵȨ벻ҲС
ſλλҲڿţʵҪʲôͻȨ֮ĶԹǲӦˣ
ŵͷûҪͻȨ˶ϵġڣǾȥı߾
ǣλӦ
һССĻȨõҵʿˡ߸һȥӦþ͹ˡɵ˵
˶٣ɵֿ˿ľǣǵٶôҲԼ߰ɣǾֱӷȥ߾
ٵͷûһػƾǵʵûʿҲһ˻Ȩ
һҲںػжʿжٸ֡ȻǿʵйأȴһҪģǺһ𣬾һ󷨡
󷨵ֻֽ֪֡󷨵жǿǣֻҪ֪ܹѰ˸˵Ѿ㹻ˣܻȨжǿС
ھȥ߾ɡλ˵
ŵ˵ͷãھߡ
ͬ⣬æԸԼľʿԼŰǰͬʱ˵֪ͨŰǸʿǡ
ڼ򵥵Ľ±λŰı߾ȥ
·£һ˶Ǻ񾳵ľ磬ٶȻ켫ֻڵջƻ裬ϵ밫ཻĵؽ硣
뻹ԶǱĺɱصײ
ٽЩ㿴ʿ
ʱսֻòݡ
˫ı٣ʮңϵʬȴʮҪܶࡣܹó˫Ѿ˺ܾˣȻʬ壬ҲڵݴһѪӡ
ƻ裬׹ѪĹâսصѪȾѪϣʬϡǰսӳһƬѪɫ
ɱ
ÿһ붼˵£ÿһ붼˱ɱ
˵жҪֻսϲܻߵչжֻ˵⻰ˣȴһûϹսûмսɱ
ǵģŵпܻΪӢۣǣսϣֻжܹŻȥأŻȥУжܹΪӢۣ˼ס
˭֫嶼ʬ壿Ҫ̤
ʬɽѪɺӡ˵ľģսˡ
һνػұΪǺܼ򵥡ܱ˵顣
ȷ氢ȴôΪģԼܵù˷Щİգɱյʹûܹ·ǡ
ȴûоƣֻǹһǣȴû֮ǰҲһǳ֮УȻﵽ񾳵ǿߡΪػҲдﵽ񾳵Ĵڡ񾳣Ѿһִ˵ˡ
ǿǰ龰ͻȻףԼԶԶ㲻ϵù˵ˣ˵ƼҲаһơ
ػеıۼսôʱ䣬ûܹĹһ
Ѿ˰
ڱ޶޲볷˶ˣʱȫһֲֶһа⣬ͻᱻԷ
ս̶ֳȣͻȨ롣ռ˵ģŰģںܺԼΪʲôҪػˣԼʵģΪʲôҪռأ˵ػΪħޱԭʹùʵȴҲȰػıҪȰ࣬˱Ľ״̬
ڻȨ˵͸뷢Ľˣĵ˿ɲֹһңӦѾԼĹԼɱӣȨҪ㹻Ըǵġ
ڣȨѳȥû뵽һͰԼƵĵزڼܹսʤˣɽľȴһҲԸˡ
Ȩһ㣬ѲϣҵսУԷİ˹ɱȺ֮УȨȴǾվսĺ󷽣һҲ
ʱѲӮսˣԼӦЩʲôˡ
ϰķԲϵȫս
ɱҲಫֻдﵽ⾳ľܹУǰ˭Ҳ֪ػʵжǿǼʶˣɱȺ߰ռһĻػﵽ⾳ǿҲ֮ࡣ
ħħĹϵػʵǿ࣬Ļܿܰûһս֮
ʱΨһûдս֮еˣ˻Ȩ֮⣬վһµˡ
󣬾ǻǧʿ
ȻЩ˶ǻȨĽǺͨʿһͬκ˶ͬǲػκˣֻڻȨ
ȨҪǾǻȨĽȨҪأǾǻȨĶơȨҪܣǱضǿס˵ĸӡ
ǰûκһ˿֧ӣػة඼ûСǱѪɷͺڻصĻҪҪء
ǻȨĵƣҲĵơ
һȨƴģȨǵģҲһѵǵˡ
ڻȨûսϣŸʱһ۱㿴˻ȨȨҲڵһʱ䷢ţľҲûȫսϡ
ſȨȴֻһۣתͷȥֿսеİ㡣
Ⱥ֮УӶеĸǰҶˡ
ȴһ۾Ϳ
ſʱеĸҲٵĻӶɱߵĵˣȻŵעӣҲͻȻ̧ͷš


471 ʮ峼
㿴ţΪоһϢһּΪϤȴҲûйϢ
ǧһۿ㣬ȻҲΪǰĹΪǹϢ
Ϣ
ŵĵʮλ㣬Ĺ
˶֮䣬սͻȻ;
˶ŵˣе˶о⼸ɢǿģǵصϢ
λ˻վսԵǵϢȴսҵʿоһѹʵʵڣ˺ѵѹ
һɺͻȻսסÿһ˵ġ
û˸Сո⼸ˣҪս˱Ѿ⼸ˣⳡսĽжһ˵
ĶǿߣֻһֻӣһȺʿһҵˣһ½ˡˡ
ǿߵϢս˫ʿͬʱֹͣ˻ӶеıУҵĹҲû
Ȩڿţɺڶӡ
ƻ裬бŨ
ϵѪ
ޡ
ŴӰ¡
Ѫ߳ӭϦʬ壬һţһֱߵǰ
ͻȻʵ
ŵͷ
һƽͻȻüĶסţòܵʮʯҴе
ٴεͷûҽܵľǾĴСɡ
зĹâͻȻصʺ֮ϣ󽫾ݼΪѪ
һԥûУҪΪ󽫾ľȫĴһ㶼ûе
ʮλĴУҲͬǰȻǶڽĹսͣǶԹҲȫһ
Ǻһ㣬ģǺֵһ˵Ƕ
ľ顢ޡ㾭ͬǲͬȴвͬĸܣͬҲвͬ顣
˻һ鿴úأҲ˻ῴúܵԲ˶һĸоȫֻͬͬǿѡ
ʮλҲһȻһ飬ͬһǵȴͬ
ҲΪڽĴ֮УŻϺ¦ų⽫ݵģҲġ
ȻҲһĵųֱ֣ӿѪġ
ܵģȫھĽС
۾𣬿ԸҽѪһҲҪ𣿡
ͷԸ⣬һֱڵһ졣
ȴּһ㲻룬㲻ҪǿžǿԼĽ㲻Ը⣬һԽ֮ĴСǵģһλŶǿȣԸȨħ֣ҲҪԼԼˡȴɲǿȽܹеĽ
ҪĲǴеİ󶨣ԼĽȫȫģŵĽڽ޹أڽľҲ޹ء
ٴο㣬̧ͷһ˫ǼᶨҪŵѪ
Ѫǳҫ
ûʲôֻ˵ΪҪסӴԺŵĽ
ǣӴԺ󣬳ֻǾŵĽӦ
̧һѪֱӴָƯڰգγһѪɫΡ
ˣ¶һ˿ϲɫҲæָ̧֣һεѪϵ£ȴڵ棬ֱӷŵѪ֮УŵѪΪһ塣
һķĴںϺѪðɢƮɣþòɢ
Ѫһ仯ǻһ֧Ѫڡ
Ѫɣֶһλ
ĵʮλҲһλս¡λͱɱϺ¦µʮһλߡȫ롣
ʿԼͻȻ˱˵ĽҲԾľۼһվŵǶԼԺӾˡЩʿҲܸˣոǿĸоһ˴ǿϢģԼĹǸ˵Ľô⼸ȻվԼһߵˡ
ԼʵػȻǶ֣ԼܻܿᱣסЩʿȻˡսȴһû
ܹȻһֵø˵顣
վһߵػʿʱɫͺܲÿˣǵúͰʿ෴һ˲ԼһߵģѾԣػҪܡ
͵սУͨʹм˻߳սģûĸʿΪԼǼļеһļʵ̫Сˡ
ȨʱȴڿţȻŵ϶ǻȨȴҲûпţҲʶšǸոźͰ֮ĶԻȨ֪
ȲʶɵҲʶ١Ȼ˫սѾʼǻȨȴҲûмԷӡ
ڣҲ֪ҲûǸʨͷ˻ɵǸ˻١λȨҲ뵽ǻһ
밫ѪҲٴתͷȨһŻȨȥת۱Ȩǰ
Ӧ֪˭ˡͻȻ˵
Ȩͷ֪ţӦ˵ġ
ǵģ˼ȷʵ͸˵ġ۾𣺡ڣȴšһţӦˡ
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ĽȨҲֻʶһˣһֱŰʡλȨʶҲûȥǣҲھǿģȻʶˣ֪վŵĻɵ٣һ˵Ļ
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472 ʧ
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ļ֮ʣǰԶȺУͻȻֳһ⣡


473 ֮
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ûôˣˣӹǵ۾͸Ӧ˵ҲûУȨʵɲ⣬ոմһҲǴﵽмľ磬ǻδȫһ뿪ûбǷֵĿȴҲûС
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빲һܳأҲδܹ˼
ۣ˼ȴж
ֻղţ˼ǡ
ôأ
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һƬУʲô
ͷûǣûеƻ𣬱е񽣣ʧȥ˹
ŵҲһֱţҲûмһطҲûֵ顣
񽣵ѪɫâɣĻҲûֳһ˿׹⣬֪Щʲôһй
ֻ֪ڶУƽܴߵʯڣϾ٣С
ⶴûоͷһ㣬Ѽǲ˶ãǲת˶ٵ䡣ȴһֱһƬڣ·ûпҲûխ¼Ȳƽ̹Ҳû̫ݡ
ûΣգһطȴһҲ˷ģ˭ûйߣûĵطġ
Ų֪ⶴͨδһ·֪ûв·
ȨһԼǰ棬Ҳһڰ߹ܿȻԼһںڰС
ŲĻȨǰ͵ϮĵطԻȨ˵ûκ˶ûС
ԼȨҲһ
Ҫ͵Ϯôһڳڴ͵Ϯõĵطʱ
һгڵġ·Ҳһоͷһֱȥ
ˣȻһЩģŲûп־壬ֻҪԼͣȥһߵͷ
Ψһŵĵһ㣬ºͰλûиŲ֪Ķڱסոս붴ڵʱһɫĹţǵţΧͱڣڱʧǵҲһʧ
ûҵǶڣ֪Ѿԭǵһطոǵһš˻һص㴫͵һص㣬Ҳ᲼ţŷҸͰǹʱűùš
ͻȻûлңֻЩµûûǵţˣôǻᴫ͵Ǳĵط
߹֮Ҳԭص˺ܳʱ䣬ҲʱȷûŲǰȥôһҪߵͷһҪŪһвСл뿪п֪µġ
һ·ǰУߵĲ죬İĵطҲҿ졣˭Ҳ֪ǰ᲻ʲô仯᲻ͻȻʲôΣա
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ʱһͨˮһӻصǰصԼϤС
ԽǰߣԽԽŵҲԽȶ·ҲһЩ
ת˵ʮȵ䣬ǰͻȻЩȻûй⣬֪ѲԶ
ܹܵľɽʯڣҺɫʣܿˣȻѾԶ
ŵĽŲֿһЩǰһ䣬תȥһЩܹΧ
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źӱߣǰԽԽԽԽŵĽŲȴͻȻ
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ĵطһôʱ䣬ͻȻֳھǰ˵˭⼤񶼻ɡ
Ҳͨˣ̫顣ʱСȫ䱸
һźˮǰߣһʱڿ˳ڣ˶Ĺ⡣
ͬʱᵽ˴ӶƮһɻ㣬żΪϤѪɫǾޱ㡣
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476 ǾޱеΣ1
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һƻƮƮűǶˣһֻ֣ͷ
ᣬҲֻлᡣ
¹֪̽˶ãһ¹йصĶ¹ݡ
ܹκ۾¹ݡ뵽¹ݣȻ롣
ʶһû뿪ţȻʱʱߣȴһֱϡ
Ҳû뿪ԬһżҵһŵԬסһԬȥȥ
ԬУ̼ҵϱ뿴Ԭ಻֪޹ٴΡ
뻹Ҫ۾
ȻȥһҪȥԭһҪɵ¹κ۾ͻȻ˵
Сȴܼᶨ
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Բᡣ
ɱȨʱԣΪʲôҪ۾һߣ̻ɼҩ˼ʱ䣬Ϊʲôȳȥһ˾ԭŷҵΪʲô۾ҪҪ
ǲԼ룿ͻȻ뵽漴ҡҡͷǰģһſԿ϶
Ϊ޹ҲЦ۹Ҳֹⲻǰʲô
ôᡣûף飿

£һֻӥɹҵȶ򣬴һһǰơ
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̻ҲһŮΪ˱ԼŮǺŮʲôԭ
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ȻվǾޱŻ㣬ǰȥҪŪһطһ硣
Ҫ߳ȥȥչŮˡİ
綼ǾޱѪǾޱһ㶼ں֪⻨ͺСһҲһоͷֻҪܹͣ߳ȥ
κ۾һҪ￴һһϲǾޱκһһƬǾޱ
ﲻӦڳһ硣һλð硣
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ȴ벻ŲŮ
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ˣһǾޱһɫѪͻȻܳŵʱеĽѻӳ;ʻһѪɫâֱߴնȥ
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ŵƺ˳˵Ѫ֮⡣ƾǿͳ̶ȣҲգһϤҲûΪ񾳱Եǹ롢ٶ֡
ǿ벻ǿֻͣ˵ģһ徳һͨˣ徳˵ǵǹ룬Ժ龳ȴʲôǡ
Ҳһҵһ̶ȵĶԶһи߾Ĵڡ
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¡롢̻Ԭࡢ衭
ŵʶЩ֮ʣһɼΪǿľͻȻг֣Ժпת
žʱһǰþʧһ˲䣬ȫ¶ˮʪ͸æס˳ʮԶֱҲûǹζͣ
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ŵǷúһƬǾޱһήڻǷҲðƺ̣
û˻֪˭Ҳҳԡ
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ֻһ
۾𣬿Ƭ¶ĺس˼Ƭ̺ϺȻֳᶨ֮ɫתͷִǰȥǰʲôΣգŶͣ
ҪŪʲôطҪȥ;Բͣ

һպǰ滹ǻûѪɫ֪Ϊˣ⻨ֻһֻ
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ֻͨķ䣬ŵȻںڲУжԼҪУɱһֻȥ
񲻿ܣȻùʱסԼܷĹһֱԼŲ֪Լֶܹ೤ʱ䡣
ҲԴӿзɹȥģɸߵٶȲ죬Ǵʱȴвͨв֪ʲôʱۼӥӥҲѪɫȻûȴڸ߿лעš
ڣеĽͷңңԡ
ҲֻҪǰ߽Ⱥ֮Уؽ⵽ǵصĹ
ܿóǰǷء
һʱ䣬žǲ֪Ҫôźá


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ĻҪһֻͣһͣôҲͳ
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ķ仹ڲͣײ֡һ仯ҲûС
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ЩΪʲôͻȻֶͣԼеĽ⣿ų˼Ƭ̺ͻȻ׹


478 û
ǾޱеһлжѪжѪжеѪӥӦҲж
жȴûһ˿ħſȷǲħޡ
ŵ֪Уֻ֣һͨҰޣһħޣһޡ
ﵽмŶԸ˵Ѫ䣬ȻͨҰޣûħɢôֻһֿܣޣޡ
ܹ޾֮Ȼڵ
ŵĽ⴦Ƕڵڶ֮ʱԼѡĲϡ껯ʣȴûаѽϵһжУǰöСֻڵ¶˳
ڵĴڣҲΨһɫâĲ֡
Ĺɫġ
ࡣ
ѷڵ࣬ȴҲûá
һҲûڵ޾¡ʱ⵭ɫâסз䣬еӥȺԶԶ㿪
ע룬ɫâŨһЩСڵһ뽣ڰգ뿪֮ڵһ󣬲գ֮䣬ͱȭͷС
ͻȻŨڵĹâ
žĿǰı仯һʱҲǴסҲûԼĽȻı仯ԭڵǿԺ񽣷롣ʱǲԸޣǶԸԼʵ൱ĵˣԼҪˣڵҲ˼ְաڵȫԵһʹ䲻⡢䲻
ƯڰգŨ֮ڵͻȻֻһɫڷȺпƶϳӰ
漴㷢ˡ֮Ⱥ׷ɢȥǵأһͷķȺһĹ򣬾һöССڵ֮£ʧĸɸɾ
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öڵҲһ㣬ڸ߷Ⱥ֮ٴСǶڽ֮ϡ
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һҲˣж޾µڵ⻨˵ûһΣˡ
죬һ·ܶޣлкܶŴҲûмģвֵޡǶһͬص㣬ǾȫѪ죬ѪҺȴڡ
֪ڵúźɵıޣ˳㻹ռƿѪŴҲûм˾綾Ķں֮±ռһЩ
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ڣվڻıԵǰľѲѪɫǾޱǳһ··һ߸һСӣöĶԶȺɽƣгŶСʱǰ죬ƺܰףҫۡ
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ѵǻȨУͻȻ뵽漴־òܣȨӦò֪ԼôһƬֻҪһƫĵطͻǧҼȨܹϵôǻ֮͵ϮԼҪСݾһϮ˵ĺõط
˭֮еЩΣգڸո߳ʱ򣬶ʱеľ衣
һȫ䱸ʱ򣬵Ȼ͵Ϯĺʱ
ʱ֪ˣеȴǲӦ֮Ҳûдһ˿Ϣ
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Ҳڿţӵġ
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ȻͬһǸǵá
˵ĻȴͻȻЦˣ˵ãҴӵãΪʲôᾭôΣգɺϣҸ߲Ƭ֮ˡ
˵˾ҲЦˣÿһ˶ܹõġӵõ·ϣضҪؿ飬ܹߵˡ
ţȷʵˡ˵ֻһҲףӵÿĲľȴʵʵ˵磬ĵطҲʲô𡣡
УȻСͻȻվ˵˳ɱ¾ơΪȨΪƹĶǣӿɱ޶ΪԥǸȵҪڰ
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۾գգŮòֻΪ˷һѡ
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˲˵ֻһߵĿţ˵Ļеȴֲͬһʱ˵ŵĲǣ¶֮⡣
ȴǲЩ˲˵ּ˵߽ӣֻҪһʲôطѡ
ʲôطҲǡ˵಻ţҶҪ㣬ûطҲûȥ𡣡
ŶǴˡһ仰ٺ磬תҪȥ
תһ˲䣬˵ͻȻ䣬һоͻȻһ


479 ԭ
ûһâҲûһ
ȴ졣
졣
һӱֱŵࡣ
ͻȻ١׺ݵһ⼸Ǳеһ
˭뵽һڿûˣȴڱת֮ͻȻ̳һ
ȴ뵽
һûдţ˰ν֮ʱŵԱȥ
ʱŵƿһԻ
ûٳ֣һûдУôһӲ˵š
׼ͻȻʵ
תˣȻӽ￪ʼҾûпһӣı̫Ҿ벻ɿ¶С
һδıҲɣʡ
ҡͷ֮²ûмɣȻһӡ
Ŷܿó۾
ŵҿܹµĳ
Ҳţ֮ûм
ղô˵ҲһȷڣӦÿȷˡ
Ŷ˵˵˭˽˽еĽĶסŵۡ
ҲµĲӦǻȨɡûпĻǻȨĽ
üͷԼеĽƾһң
룬ûҲд˻ɣֻҸӼԼжϡ
жϣͻȻЦˣҺͻȨһӣ
һġòǸ߰һ
˼ʹǷƤߣϴһ˿֮⡣
ҡͷʲôûһһóⷽҲһмˣϾΪѣⷽľ飬벻ͨҲһ׵顣ſԱΪװΣҲΪװọ̈̄ȻδܹݣҪݵԼŻ⡣
ٸ֮ҲһۼûСΪ˵ġҲָԼݺǶڼΪ֮ǲͨݵ˾Կ
ЩŶ֪
Ҷ϶ǰ˾û׹ݣǼţԷǻȨ
ΪʲôȻҺͻȨһҲһΪʲô㻹Ҫ˵ǻȨͻȻʵ
Ϊһ·ĶŻص
Ķգգۣһ·㶼Щʲô
ѪѪ䡢ѪӥѪáѪ򡭡һһԼΣգһ·ϣĶ˵Ҫܶ࣬ΪкܶŽвֵģ޷Ա
ǲ˶٣Щȴһͬ㡣ǵ嶼ǺɫѪҺǺɫ
˵˵ͷЩǾޱеĶޣѪҺо綾ܴЩߵȷʵһ˼飬һŪЩޣΪǻȨʲôϵ
ſˣͻȻ˵ͻȻ뵽һ⣬Ӽᶨҵ뷨
Ŷʲô⣿ʵ
ŵҲûʹȨ˭ҲûʹʲôģһĶûУǲǿ˵ǻȨΪǣ˽ԼһУԲûһͺ棿
۾𣬽ĶסŰΣŵôţûҾǻȨֻһһףȻѾȷûݣΪʲôỳǻȨһ˼ţ
ܼ򵥡˵Ϊȥɭ֣ޣҲ֪ǾޱеĶӵо綾֮⣬ǻӵһ֡ޡ
֪˵۾ͻȻ֪ɭ֣Ҳ֪ɭеޣȴ֪ɭеûҲû˵ɭҲ֪
ص㣬ǿԱ仯Ρ仯״ȻʲôģͿԱʲôģ
һֻ峿仯һŮӣͱһʮˡ
ͨ
ˣӦýȨˡ
Ȩ͹һ㣬û뵽Ųֻ֪һһɱõڵ
ػľҲ֪˵һУԼĳûȫ
ڻȨǾԲ߳ǾޱġһҲûϵһöСڵǻΪŰ
˵ǻȨˣԼû뵽ᷢ顣
ʱŻȨ˵ǵģҲֻҶΪϤȨӦ֪Ϊʲôỳ˰ɡ
ȨЦ㾹ȻõػĹ㾹Ȼ˵
۾û˵еĽȴͻȻֱӴȨʺ
һѪɫĹâȴû̵ܴˣֻһܿŵһȻں˵ͬʱҲ˾衣
һߣȴûͣǼƮȥֱ˳ʮײͣסΡ
ڸոŵһ֮£ССľһ˲ʧĸɸɾ
ΪʲôһҪΪǻȨ˴˵кͻȨһĽҴźһ·ֻЩͿȷҵ𣿡ȨԼһҲûסţлЩʡ
ˡ㹻ˡſ˵·һһֱҲûз⣬ԭ㾹Ȼ·ûл͵
˿ţ˵ͻȻһ⣬ּȥڹâһһ֮ʣ˵ȴǱˣ˻Ȩģ
ֻ˵ҲһӳߣɺͻȨһĸ߰
ȨͻȻŴţڱ𴦣ǸػްæҪɱҿܻףֻһˣҪɱң;Բܹˡ
ȴһҲȨĻһԼɵ⣬Ҳ˵ĺ֡
ÿһ˶кģʲô˶⡣ֻǺĳ̶ǿˡ
Ųһرصˣʱ̲סʳһ仰Ȩ㱾סļ𣿡
ûұסұͲػ
Ŷŵ˵ͷû뵽һֻܹһ֮λãҲһֻͨȴһ㲻ףȻ㲻ػΪʲôҪôʱ䣬ػĹأ
һϵûСȨ˵ҪĻҵҲȤ˵
ЦЦȴͻȻϻȨĻ˵ˣʵ֪ʱȴ֡ҲµĲĻ㣬ҲһкܶѰɡǲǺܿϹ
ţΪʲôôȨ̾Ϣһǲǳˣ㸨ܿһͳһػ½һͳҲûпܡ
ֻһ仰űŪ˻ȨҪԭˣԭĿҪͳһػ½硣
ǰħ޲ͬǰħ޻ûôߵǻֻۣҪܹɭаͿˡ
ȴҰġ
ſŻȨ˵ϧҲѡ˵ʵҲϲԸΪ̫ˡ£ֻ֮һŵġ
䣬ٴξеĽֱʮĻȨȥ
ȨҲһԥûУͦӭ


480 ɽƺ
âײȴûзһеһҲţȫԷĽ⣬ѹ
âԽâԽ⡣
ͬʱǰȻסǱ˴˵ĽסԷĽǵҲסԷۡ
ţ֡
ӺâͻȻǣֻһ˲ͰûڹâС
ɽȻͬǿϢӹâбӴӿ䣬Ϊϰ﷽ԲĻľ޷ݡͻ壬ײ顢ֽ⣬Ϊӷʧؼ䡣
ʱźͻȨ֮ȫɫâ⣬һҲ˵Ӱ
ǹâɫȴԿóɫâռߣ˭Ҳûѹ˭һ㡣˵ĽӦƾС
һֱ˭ҲûȨȻʵ
Ϊһ֮ҪֳҪܵôʱôΪһ֣
Ȩһ⣬ҲˣҰļ
ʵһҲŲֻԼǼϰλȨܶܵɵ£һ˲ɱﵽ񾳵ĺˣȨܲɵ֪Լº˵Ķ֡
ȨҲ֪ŵػޣǺ󣬾;ԼܹԸˡ
˻ȨǸڰź·ֿ
Ǹͨڵͨȴͨֻǳ˻Ȩû֪ܡڵ¦֪
ȨΪžͨƬǾޱȴû뵽ԼûеȵϲѶޣȴš
Ų֪һǣ߳ĵطΨһ߳ͨѡĸ󶼱ƬҲһ󷨡

ڶ⣬źͻȨŪĹŷ
һ߷ɾȻһ˵һʹһЩ˵Сǵ˴鷳ˣȻܻ
һСһЩĵͷȻǴ鷳СƵһҲѹǺ⣬ʹ齣ȻһҲֵס
šʹҲ˵ͷ֪ǶԷʵ̫ǿܹӲҲһھ齣أ
СۿԶɫâҡͷ֪ǻǿϹȥɣСƺһҲûС
ã
ٶȶȻӿ죬ֻһĹǰľ֮
ʱΧźͻȨɫâȴѱ䵭ոոϵܿâźͻȨӰ
źͻȨһվɶŽ⡣
ֻǣȨнĽȴһ
ֻһȴǶѷ֡仯˵ɫˡ
ǵֵסԷеĽ
һʲôĽܰŤôı
ѵǾӽĴ֮һľӽ
˵һʱ뵽漴ͬʱҡͷǵ֪УǾӽҲδܹþ齣
齣Ҫ߳ͨĴڡ
ãСΣգͬʱ
漴ǵ˱ֱųȥ
˵ٶȶǿ켫Ҫ嵽ǰҲһ˲ѡɾһ˲䣬ȴ˱仯
һֱžͻȻǰһ
һȨеĽǴѣһء
ڻȨʱŵĽͻȻˣһѪɫֱȨʺ
Ȩ۾󣬽ĶžԼԽԽѪϸ
ӲΪȨΪʵ£ƾеľ齣űɡ
Ȩû뵽෴еĽǱȾ齣Ҫࡣ
ڣֱʺȨȴѶ㲻
ֻܿǽԼԽԽ
ΣȨȴûк£ֻǾŵ񽣣ȴһҲûеԼ
ΪѾ˺ˣԼԲᡣ
ŵĽлȨ֮ʱۻֱšһŵˣһŵĽ
ǼȨôһᱻͻȻСǿ󣬾Բŵܹܵסģܹظоһ㡣
һǿҵķӻȨŹιεۡ
絶ǰѻȨγ˿ڣܹĹͷ
ȨһɲǼͱѪȾ죬ȴ¶Цݡ
ûֻҪţʲôӦЦġ
ιȨյķȻǻŽһֻǱԵķѴﵽвĻȨ˳ǴŵĽϣʲô޷ٻŻܹץסеĽ
û֪һûлŵĽн֮ʱѪϸͻȻʧ
Űѽջ֮ʱһѴ塣
ϸ΢һͬĽһԭʧ
أ˶Ƭ̣ǸЩŵüͷԼһûдʵԲŴĻҷ
ôŵأ
æתͷĴȴ֮һӰԶȥ
Ӱš
ǣ׷˴
ˣСƵƲᣬǲʱƿ»º󻼣֮УϳҲӵóȥǾһˡ
ţǾһոҵһȻûдҪҲˡҲӲԶ
ӵԶΣѵܹӳǵôʹ˵
⵹Ҳǡߵֻǿϧ˾齣һҷ֮زɡ
ţȻšʹ˵ֻǲ֪еǱ᲻ǿԵõǱĻʧ˾齣Ҳʲôˡ
ͻȻĹ⣬ϵҲһ̰֮ɫȡͷûǱȷʵһҲȾֻҪѽܻһ죬Сһ
˵֮ʱʹȨߣһֻڻȨϷһɫâסȨӡ
СƣоôʹͻȻʵ
ãֻһЩˣû˵ͷڲλʦڴˣʲô¶С
˾ȻǻȨʦҲջƣͿЩĽлɽһлƺӡ
ɽ˵ͷû˵ͺãҪʱʦһúǰһ
ڻɽ˵֮ʣƺҲ˹ҲͷųһâͻɽĹںϵһȻʵСƣôǸйڵģ
ƺӺԼͽܵԸһĴеˣҺֶΣôЩ꣬ʵ㹻ԼܹϵˣᱻԼߡոǸˣԼͽӦ취ΪòŶԣ㲻ܰСҲͶԷǸУڻǿΪʱ
Ȩüͷ𣬵Һ֮ԹΪɱҵӡַ˺ܶ飬ʹ֮˳𣬲ϵҲŰ˷ɡ
ֻɱӣɽüǸҪǿϺܶ࣬㵽ȥҪøµġ
ͽ֪Ȩæ˵ֻǸʱֻǺ⾳ľ磬Ҳû뵽ֻǶ̶̼ʱ䣬Ӻ⾳˺񾳡ػǴҲûз顣
ʱӺ⾳˺񾳣Ǻв㣿ɽ۾𣬵û뵽»ˣҪмʱ䣬ǻ˵ãˡ
ɽ仰˵ֱ׳նѾ֮ǰѾ˵ģŹŵĻˡ


481 
һƬС
ȫˣ·ȫѪ
ƺӹʱó⻯ǣȴûȫܿƺӵɽ񽣣ֻһ˻ȨһҲƺӵԵɨ
Ҳűܵÿ죬ҲֻǱԵȻŻ˿ڣȴû֮
ŵȻɵҪͶԷƴԼǶԷĶ֣ǺֶС
ʵʵ̫ǿŴҲû
ڱܿһ֮žֻܡѾ˺񾳣һ·ӵĹУ޸˿ڴʱѾѪ
һڽϣȻʱȬŻж
Էû׷Щ⣬ûзźԷһŹԼģȨȻǧټưԼ;Լųȥ
ˣѡƬ֣ʲôĵطԷжҪҵһ˶Ӧòһ׵Ŷԡ
ֺܣ
һֱߣûͣҲͣҪ֪һʲôĵطҪβ߳ȥȻܿˣֻŵҲû塣
Ѫֹס˿ȴۣţٶһҲ뿴᲻ˣͻȨ·ˡ
·ϣޣ޺ǾޱеһҲһѪ죬ҲǺɫѪ޶жȷʵһֵĵط˭ѻųȥ
ڵ֪ԼƬǾޱҲ߲
һ·жгȺģҲежġǶûйţΪڵŲûעڵϢҲûֳ
ֻһֵţȲҲˡ
ŻΪ޴Ҳûм࣬ǿԼֻǳں棬ԼΪ£ޣİﶼǻẦµġ
ߵʱ䳤ˣ޶ˣе뷨ҲıˡЩ޿Լȷʵк棬лһӣȴûк¡
ûڵ壬ޱͲẦµġ
ҲһС壬ôΪʲôԼأ
ŵüͷͻȻ뵽һ⡣ȨأǲҲ
ǲ磿ޣ᲻ûбģûħޡûͨĶҲûˣ
һ˶ûУԼҪ˭ȥһУ
е޲ԼǲΪǽӵˣǲֻҪ֪ԼڵķλͿˣ
ľӳԷû׷ԼǲǸͲģԼһֱڶԷƿ֮У
磬ڣԼǲߵӲԷߣ
ŵĽŲסǰƺѾû壬Ҫô죿
һãʱͻȻоһɼΪ׺͵Ϣ
ϢҲ˵Ϣ
ͻȻֵϢۻ롢УһŴҲûϢȴΪϤ
Ϣȴۺḧϣ顣
оӿһů⣬һ㿹ܵͷûУϢԼתԼڡ
ţˮԵϢ㶡ֻˮԵϢԼܡѹŻϢһּΪϤĸо
ֻ֮ǰȴһҲûиоϢ̺һ˿ˮԣŴʱѾںϣǻܹܵԵġ
Ϣȫںϡ
˭棿ͣ£ŷϢٻ𣿡۾𣬿һ˲䣬ûãٴŲȥ

֮ǰȨսĵطȨվߺһֱûж
ʱϵ˿ѾȬһ̺۶û¡Ҳһ漣ˣϣܰѰ̺ȫҽû˵˭ܹ
ڣڻȨʦȴˣȷʵһ硣Ҳûдȥ
볾ȫĵطԳΪһ硣
ʱڻȨĻɽƺüͷȴɽ˵Ȼ߽˽֣Ȼ˽أ
ƺӲ˵ֻǵ˵ͷ
ȨȴЩɻʵصһʲôĵطΪʲôǴȥ
ɽ۾𣬿ֵķ򣬵أ˭ֻҪ˽еʯ߽أͲٻŻ
浽ʲôأȨʵﳤ󣬽Ψһһط
ɽҡҡͷ֪Ҳû֪֪˶ڽˡֻ֪ʱ򣬾ǿء
Ȩգգۣ̲סʵѵƾλʦѾԽ񾳵ʵǽ֮ҲϻбʦĴ𣿡
˵Ѿ˭ֻҪضܻų仰˶ˣвҸǿ˶٣ɽ˻Ȩһۣ˵СƣҪס㽫ʵﵽʲôľ磬ҪŽ֮У޳ɺһĴڶС
ŶȨסû뵽ؾȻµ˳̶ȡأѾȥˣ᲻
Ѿ˵Σ˭һɽüͷ˵
ܳʱû˵ĻƺӴʱȴͻȻ⵹Ҳһǰ߽еĶҲûࡣźǲͬҲ߳Ҳ˵
šûƺӵĻɽҲ˵ͷȷʵޣҲûйĴڣڻɽ࣬ǺǲͬĴڡ
Ҳ֪жЩʲôƺһѣɽҲȷŻ᲻ӽ߳
Ȩ˿λʦȻȷӦô
ɽ룬ǾڽرߵɣֻһܹͨǾɱǸʱ򣬲ֻܹõĽҲʳڵܡڽ֮ڣɽͬ棬ΪŲûнȥģ˵롣
Լһֱŵĵطȴһܽ롢֪֮أ˭ﶼ᲻ġ
ƺҲǵ˵ͷûǾڽţڣҷڴܹ߳ˣ֪ڵܣҲҲԽȥء
ٲ˵ͬʱֱ߹Ƭжȥ
߹أ֮ǰҲûġ
ʱŵȻ֪ߵﲢżȻ
뿪ľݵһ𣬱һ˿ϢٻֻǸʱϢ̫һҲûиӦȴΪ˿ϢǣŲ߽˽֮С
иܵǹϢ֮ű㿪ʼϢǰһ·Ҳ֪תٵ䣬ƹƬľߵ·߶ǼΪ֮ϢǣҲ߲ء
֪˴ǽأΪŸոڽ֮ǰһ޴ʯʯһ䷿ݴСֻд֡أ
ּ֣
֣ŵ̤ʵ࣬ھûˣҲһйĴڣ
ǣźԥ߽֮У
ţһҪ֪ܣһп߳ķ


482 ֮
֮ڲǳƬɭ֡ŵǰһһ߼ʵĺ
ϿϷ߲ʵĺ˻ĺ
ŲźȥĲʵ߷衣
һҲЩʵǿʵ̫̫ɰˣôҲаΣյӡ
ǺҲȷʵûУһֱںһʱҲûһֻʵ
ϵĲʵѪɫǵѪҺҲǺڵġҪһ㣬ûһ˿֮ǰЩ޵ϢҲޣҲûħôҲħޡ
ֻǲ֪ǳ˸ͷһЩĺͺ᲻ʲôͬеĻʵҲĻô˵ŴҲûмˡ
֮һԥҲûб棬ΪϤϢǣԵʡʱǹϢзֵʱУܹĸӦϢںС
أ֮أجΣ˵ǱȵҪµĴڡ
߽ȴûκΣաͲʵʲôûС
ŻûпĶ
ȻǰһĶģʵܷˮԵϢ
űһ㵣ģ顢涼סУ޴ڣͻȻԼ
ҲһİĵطġǳªĵطֻҪİģаȫС
ں˰֮ŵľڱ䵭һ·һΣҲûĳֻвʵ
ܿûޣǽ֮ءͻȻðһ뷨ҿΧ뷨ܾܿʵ
ҲֻѪ죬ѪҺȴڵޣܿžͿʵˡ޺ͲʵӦܹġ
ƬǾޱ֮УſһֻûпĻ㲢ǾޱҲ٣ĵӦñŶԡ
Ҳˮϵġ
ǾޱûеȴеΨһԭӦþˡ
뵽˽ص׾㡣Сӿٶǰȥ
ǰա
ƻʱ֡
һֱŵϢøŨܹĸоϢѾǰԶ
̧ͷϢķȥӰӰ´ܹһƬ죬ܴһƬǰ󿴲߼ʣҲ
ǰԶҲӦÿŶԡſǵϵһжģģʲôҲ壬һҲǵ϶ʲô
ŵ۾һ·һûУǰΪʲôͻȻŨҳ˵ķطһûУĪǾ¶ŵģΪԭ
ͨ赲ԼߣʲôŹأ
˼ĽŲȴûͣΪǹϢǴд
ŵȻʱתȥǸϢģǰ̶Ѩɽ𺣣ҲҪһ
ԶŵٶȣȴҪʱѿ
߽УǰȴͻȻʧΧһжһ˲
ﲻҲûвʵ
ˮܹ࣬ˮиָĴζ
ˮȴǿһ
ˮкܶޣЩ޵ʱŵ۾ҲŴ󣬰춼ûܺ£
ǰһʵ̫ˣŴҲû뵽һ쿴ôġϹޡ
Ҳһޣǰˮϣļľ
кɫĻɫˮɫĵɫĻƽкܶżûмأŽвֵľ
ĻǺǿĴڣǰֻһͷСģûгСѡ
Щ
֮վ֮Ƭ֮ˮ棬
ž뵺컹ľ롣
ס˭Ӵľסħ˶⡣Ȼħ߱д½̽ܶ಻Ϊ֪ĵطһûһûпôľۼһ
֮ףȺӡ
ۿž벻ĳ棬Ǳ˵š
ӵһͷϻĴڡڹżеļأ󲿷ֵϹ޶ǰħսֻмһִв
ħսĴ˵УһֱǳǰģȻʵǿޣҲޡ˵ħսûʽʼʱѾ
ȻҲֻǴ˵ѣû֪ǰʵ顣
ɼ㴫˵ģǲҲӦôۼһҪʲô춯ص飿ػʲô
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˲䣬һӶͦס
ʵͲػʹܹԸģοǰ

ˣ˵˵Ϊʲô𣿡һͻȻǰ𣬰һ
˭ں˵ѵ֮УڣûشʻæǰȥھҵǸ˵ˡ
ֻϸѰһ֮󣬳˸ָȴ˵ӰӶûп
Щʧ֮ʱոٴ𣺡ˣں˵
˭ڿʵ
Ҿǰ
æǰȥȴԼǰԶһΪӴľΧͬʵ̫ˣĳһΧľҪһɫҲΧͬ
Χǵһɫɫȴ֡
ѪһʺɫҰȴǺͺˮһ
ˮԵ۾УϸĿ޴ͷ­ǲȷոյǲͷġ
˵ŻҲû˵飬żС˵Уû˵˵
ˮԵԼǰǿž޴ͷ㣬Ȼûв´˵
ʱž죬֮ʱҲͬʱˣҿǿͣ˵ĻȫһѲҪٻɣ֪ͷ˵
Ż̲סʵ㾹Ȼ˵ԣΪʲôҴҲû˵˵ֵ飿
ǰſܼ򵥣Ϊ˵٣Ҳཻ˺֪˵ġ˵ڣǰ֪ܡ
ܣգգۣȻܣΪʲôҪ˵أ
Ϊ֪ΪʲôһˣһֱҲûżҲҵޣ˾Բߵڵġ
ҲˡͻȻ˵
֪˵ͱϵĲʵɱιˡ
ŶϵĲʵͨĺǺֻǸͷĴһЩɡ
Ȼǣлǵʵһһ˶٣ֵûлشҵ⡣
ſžȴûʱشʻ˵ҵΪʲôҪأ
ܼ򵥣Ϊԭ򣬽ɲȥĵ졣
ŶЩƵĿǰľ
ֵǽأ˭ģƬǽ֮Ҳû˭ܹߵֻײģôڻȥǻԲ˺㡣
Ŷ˾е˼˼Ƭ̺֪Լǲ˵ԭǾԲԼ߽ȥġ
Ųԥֱ˵ǱһϢ˵صġ
һʲôϢͻȻЩĺ
ˮȫںϺϢ˵
ŵĻǰľԵø嶼ʼһǿѹס˷ܵ˵ڣԲ߹ȥ
߹ȥŵ۾ǿȵĻǳС¥ˣκϵģǿ£СŻἫԸİˡ
ʲô㲻ϣһôƢأ
ԷȻ˵ſԲе߹ȥΪʲô˵ǵ֮ϵĴڣ
סٴſ˵ˣ㲻Ҫɣǵ߹ȥֻΪǱϢٻҲҪȥϢʲôҲ벻ǵ֮ϣԵȻһС
˼ǲ˵ھ㣬ҲʲôҪ֪һУͱҪ֮ϣͻȻ˵
˵ͷҲô˵
ʲôҲô˵գգۣЩɻĿžʵ
ҲѾнûȥǵˣʲôӵģҲ֪ȻܸˣҪȥ֪һС
Ҳ֪ʲôʵ㲻һֱģ
ģֻǴ֮󣬳˵һΣûеϹƬһֱֻػš
ܸػʲô𣿡ʵŲûмŵϵ죬˽һЩ
˵ͷȻԣҲʲôܡػ񡣡
񣿡۾󣬡Ƕ񶼵ôػ
񶼣ʲô񶼣һ˫޴۽ĶסţҲû˵һ֡
飬Ҳס㲻֪񶼣Ų֪ڴﵽʱȥν񶼣ǰʹڵġ
ǰһеġڵ񶼣ħս֮Ҵļеġ
ǰȻ֪񶼵Ĵڡ
ҡҡͷʲô
סĵط˵
סĵط˦˦޴ͷͷϵֱָĵһֱôס֮У
룬Ҳػסס񶼰ɡ
񣿡һ˫۵ɴͻȻֻһô񣿡
ֻһסĻǵһôֻһǰûȥ񶼣ػ˵֮екܶ࣬ÿһţӦΪ丳
кܶࣿ죬ŵҲ֪ڵʲôӵģҲ֪鶼ʲôҿԸ㣬ֻһҲûеڶλĴڡǰҲû񶼣סһֱǡ
þһžЩӦ˵һʵ̫ˣһֱŶΪ񲢲ΨһĴڡ
ֻţ˶ôΪġͻȻ˵ǴӾ˵ȻЩšҲ֪ǲƭԼġûбҪƭԼʲôҪ˺ԼֻҪһβ;ͿˣûбҪԼѻ
ֻһĻǵ˭ħĽ
ٴ̲סʵǰħս˺ħĲλþӽǹֻħѵǲ񣿻⴫˵Ǽٵģ
Ҳ֪˵ֻ֪˵ӵļһȷʵֻʹ߶ѡ
۾ӵԵľ
˵ȥɣǵ֮ϣһж׵ġ


483 12ֻĺ
ĸˮϡھϣһͷͷȹȥֱȥǰĵ졣
˿ʱ龰°Ͷϡ
žΨһһž߹һƬˡ
ʵǿ˶һ㣬ħҲС
ϲκַǰħҲܹɱľԲı߹
Ҳžǰģ˵ɲһ飬žԼûʸϡκһʵܶҪǿ
ȥǸ죬ȴǷǵôɡĿȻûн磬ȴ֪ʲôƣһҲɲ屻εĹ̶ˮ֮ϡ
ʵֻţǽµЩﶼ޷С
ľ벢ԶߵģҲһӵʱѵһͷ̤ʵֲ̧֮˲ͷϵĺˮ
̶̵һӣŵĻѱˮʪ͸Ҳ˵Ϊʲôһ·֪ûΣյ£ǸоȾһսҪۡ
֮ϣתͷˮϵľȥȴеľԼ˵ͷǶߣźһ˼롣龰Ҳæ˻֣ȻתͷŵϷȥ
ŸоǹϤϢǰԶ˿̸ΪŨԼ飬˿˿ů⣬ٻԼ
Ϣȥһһߴ⵺֮ϵľɫ
ǰľַ仯һ˿˿޵ʹΧһжһʵĸоȴֲģλ֮УһжԵòʵ
ǰһСֱͨɽС߿˸ɫĻȫŴҲûмġ
˱ǣȴŨڻĲʵ衣ЩʵĸͷûкĴֻ˵ȭͷС
ȴͨĵÿһֻֻһֻʮֻ
Ų֪ͬĺΪʲô᲻һ࣬Ҳ֪ٵĲʵ֮ǲʲô
ʱľоֻһ뷨ﻹ治˴ĵط
ɽУϢɽһ·ϳ˲ͬĲʵʲôﶼû
ǰһɽ꣬ɽܶɽʱĸоϢǴɽдġ
еĿĵء
ͻȻоЩţڻʲôûпɽɽ׵мһŨסŵߣһҲɽײΡ
ʲôȴŵһ̲סҵһָоԼģһǰ붼û뵽顣
֮ǰںЩʵ̫ˣػŵΨһӦþɽ֮С
ʲôӵģΨһֻжǿʵΪʲôûǰĴ˵ЩŶ󲻳
ڽȴһ˿ڴźʶһ񣬺뿴˵
һ·һۣſٵɽȥ
߽ŨŨ
ɽߣɽҲ
ӵʱ䣬űɽĵײ
һҲһ˰ɽһƬŨ⣬ȴûʲôرһ·ĻҪͨ
ɽֻķԲϳݣǵĿһЩҰȲҲ㣬һֻ۷䶼û
żмֻҰôӲݴһܶҰһҲɰҺɫëϸϸ֫ݵ壬ӡ
סĵطĴɨһ飬ЩȣΪӦһԴŶԣǺȶӦѷɫģһҲûɽ꾹˼򵥣򵥵Щˡ
ҰҰҰãﻹһéݴӣɽ롣
СƵһӣǰȴһˮԲһСˮ
ˮʱŵ˫۲һ⡣ڿ˲ѰĶ
ˮһֻһ䣬ȴһ仨סˮ
֮ϣһֻʵʵȴǼСſϸܾܿͺֻĴˡ
һ﷽Բ棬ֻſĴָСһֻκ˿ԶֻĴڡȴûУڵǰѾϰ˹۲·ϵĵҲϰϵĳ
ڣǰֻСȴȿĳһ֮£һ
СĺϣʮֻżĳһֻˣҲΨһһֻʱ·ϣŲ֪˶ֻĵȴûһֻӵʮֻģ·żһֻҲʮֻѣҲżΨһһֻʮֻĵֻҪǰֻࡣ
ſֻѻǳĲʵŲȴһֱҲûֱͣССéȥ
ѾĿĵأһֱԼϢǴСéдġűҪ߽ȥһ˵ģôССоסӦþˡ
Ҫ߽СȴҪˮˮСݵǰ
û뵽ǣߵˮǰʱĵССʵȴͻȻֱӷɵŵǰסŵȥ·
ǵģĴָСĲʵסŵȥ·
Ӳʵһ˲䣬ССͻȻɢһǿơ
ֻƣʹͣס˽ŲܹĸоʵǲԼȥԼǹȥ
һҲûӹһֻССĵǴʱŻǸоЩ⣬û뵽ֻʵסԼ
֮ǰɽĲʵûһֻŵġ
ǱľеϢģſԿ϶Ϣ˶Լûа⣬ľǰĲʵҲסԼŶԡ
ڣʵԼǰƯڰУȲҲˡ
ô죿ſǰĵһʱ侹ǲ֪ҪôźãӦǺľݵһģԼȻ뿪Լֽľݡ
ΪѵʱһȴͻȻĶУǲеĽҵĳ򣿡һŮӵһʮ߰Ů˵
㶣ϸƷζ仰ĺ̲סǰĲʵں˵
ʵȶ³𣬡Ȼˣңﻹб𣿡
˵ŵ۾󣬴ʱе𾪾ǱںпľҪʵû뵽һֻȻҲܹſ˵
С֮һж̫Ѱˣ﷢κһ飬˵ȥ¶š
˭ϻһƬһǾޱ˭ϻлѪ졢ѪҺȴڵľ綾ޣ
˭Ųľ߹ϰĵ·˭ֻźȻܹſ˵ԣ
ŶЩţһֱڻԼǲС
һ˵ʲôϡѵˮеĴûиǿ˵𣿡
죬һ仰Ҫǰĺֵĳ嶯˵֪ΪʲôҪסҵȥ·أ
ȶ³򣬵Ϊ㻹ȥݡ


484 еŮ
סţǲŽ֮С
۴ǰССĵ˵ܹΪݵˣΪٻҲܹҵطġţҵģΪ˵Ը𣿡
ҡҡͷס㣬ǲУ˵ڲС
ΪʲôУʵ
Ϊʱ˵˳춼ֻ̫ɽ󣬲ŻһӵĿʱ䣬ȥˣֻһӲС
Ŷ㶣һֻһӵʱ䣿˳ʲô
ǾͲܹ֪ˡ
̧ͷ˿죬ھֻȣ
ǵġ˵
üͷ壬Ҫ˵ЩʲôˮĲȴͻȻСɡ
ǡǰĲʵӦ漴ȶַɻص֮ϡ
ɻĿ˿ڻĵֿ˿ǼСĲݣ𾪡
𾪵ǲдһŮӵҪᣬһʮŮ
ŵҵ£ֻһСŮҲһֻ
ţк˼ʱ򣬲ִ
ŵ˵ͷŲȥʱӿʣеΪʲô֪Լ֣ѵ֪ܵ𣿡
ʣƹˮ߽ݣǰûţƾɵžĴˡ
ŽŲ˶٣漴ٴ֮ڡ
߽ǰľɫһ濴СĲݣ澹ȻһƬء
еĿռͱ濴Ҫʮ
͡Ĺÿһ䣬ⲻĹ⣬ӱĹâ
ֻǿâԺһƬռ䡣
ûлȴơ嵭㣬֮ˬ
룬һλŮӾڵ棬ʲôûе棬ôڵϡ
㡢ɫˣһ˿ֻ֮һۣ֪Ůǲʳ˼̻ɣĲʳ˼̻
ҲǵգҲŮӲϻһ˿֮
а޻ЦմȾ׵Ϣһ˿̬֮
ŮӲͬмŮӣͲ˼䣬硣
ſͣһֻʮСŮҲôͣٶľһ㣬ȴŮҲжʮˣٿȥʮӣһգ֮䣬ȴܴ̬пһֻ˲ӵеĲɣ
뿴ϸһЩʱȴֱһŮˡ
ŽУŮӾһֱڿţȻþڿһܾûмѡ
ţˡŮͻȻ˵ᣬǺ˵ڵȴŮ˵Ļ
һߵŮǰҲ£ͻȻʵ񣿡
Ůӵ˵ͷǰ˶ôƺҵġ
ô֪ҽţ֪𣿡ʵеʵ̫ˡ
Ůҡҡͷ֪ʵһ˼롢еġк¡³һŮֵ˵Ψһ˵ʵǿո˵
۾𣬵ǿΪԶı䣬ҿɲΪֻһ缫ߵߣܹԽ˭˭˭˭͵ǲǻžη֮ģŻĳƺֵĺ壬ֻ𾴣η壿
Ůţһŵ˵ͷҵһ˵˵һûУʵӵġ
ţѾܹ׾˵Ļˣ˵ǰֻһĴڣԭܼ򵥣Ϊû˵ʵܹԽ㣬ֻҪ㻹ڣ˾ͲܱΪΪһֺ壬ܡܹɱ㣬ſԴĳƺš
ûŮ˵
ֻڻһ㲻ףȻܣôΪʲô֪ҵأŮ˵һ仰ʱ򣬾ͷʵ벻еԭ
Ůӵܼ򵥣ΪͻȨСľ֮˵ĻҶˣй֡
۾󣬡СľеĻҲ
Ȩս֮ҲҪǧľ룬Ůܹ֮ĶԻҪһ˫Ķܹ
Ůӵʵжǿ붼롣
ʱžŮӶ棬ȴһҲӦŮϵϢһֱٻǹɼΪϤϢʧӰ١ǲ֪ԷݣһΪŮֻһͨСŮѡ
ԼͶԷ޷ȣӲҪȵĻֻ˵֮һòĴһήСݵĲ࣬һͷ׳ͻһֻС֮Ĳ
޷ȽϵĲ֮Ĳ
ŮӲ˵ֻǾĿţʵͲ⣬Ůѻش꣬Ͳһ໰ˡ
ǹ¶ġֻһ¡
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ǳ񶼣ŮȴƽϡֻͬĳƺҲܻһЩ¶
ŮȴԲס񶼣Ǹ߸ϵģԶվ˵Ĵڡ
ãú
̲סٴοڵҿһ𣿡
ŮӵͷȻԣѾûк˵ˣҲиܹġ
ŵǰħսûĴ˵˵лħģӵоӽǹ𹭵λҺ֪ǰĴսѵûвμ𣿡
Ů룬ҲμӹˣûҵĲμӣƾλʥʹʵԶԶ˺ħġ
μˣħܾˣȻλʥʹħ𣿡̲סʵ
˵ġŮӵͷ
㲻ħĶ֣ʵűӦʳĻģոŮ˵Ѿˣħƴ֮ħλʥʹභ֮Ůȴ˳սĽ֤ħĶˡ
ȴһָоŮӵʵħһûκɵĸо
ŮӵĻ֤ܿʵŵĲ²⣬Ů˵£ħҵĵ֣ںƴʧΪǰѾˡ
ˣôأ̲סʵ
ΪλʥʹŮ˵ǰħĵȼǺƵġħֻһ֮ħʥħ顢ħħħ͡Ҳֻһٺʥʹʥ顢ʥʥʥͽħΨһħܶħʵħʵȴǿģˣʥʹʥͽҲʵ
һһߵͷԭǰӵģ̲סҲħܵԭˣΪˡħʵ㶼½ԾͶˡ
ŮӵͷġħħΪħǿ㣬ҲһҲ㡣
Ŷʲô㣿̲סֵ


485º
벻ڱ˴˲Ӱʵ£ֻأֱŮӵĻ׹
ŮӵΪҵʵӰ첻ʥʹվ쳤ʥʹ˷֮ģǾǲӦˡ
۾ֻһ仰˺ܶ飬ħֻħһ˾Ǻܴһ㣬ͬҲŵ㣬ǾħħԲᱳѣɱħҲͶûˣҲΪˣĽ죬ħʥħ鲻İħѰʧꡣ
ȴֻͬҪ˼룬Ҫ˵
ʥʹ£㣬ħûзʱǵĵͻȻ˵
šŮӵͷö󿴼ĻѪ졢ѪҺȴڵ޵ĶȻǶԸҵľô򵥡һƺõģȫûзͻȻĹö֮ΪǶϮңʹڻ¡˶٣ŮֵûħͻȻϮǵϮȴȻܳɹΪʹ£ҪҲ練Ƶ飬Ƕ͹ʵȻҲûпʵ
գգۣ͵Ϯ㣬ʹ˵£ħˣ
ǵġŮӵ˵ħˣʱ򡣡
ǣͷ˻ɱλʥʹֱӺħƴ
ţֻôȻʱһǿɱʥʹûܹԸħˣǸʱֻܺʥʹ֣ȳֻħսħ˭֪ǲû㣬ʹĽ죬ħֿʼǿ
ųĬŮӵҲһЩأǷĵأͶԷʵ޹ء
룬£ԼǰŮӣҪȥԸħһɱʥʹʹޱ֮ˡ
ŲȥǺ˵
ŮӲͬŮӵлбˣѡͱԼʥʹȻΪԼΪˡ
֪Ůǲħ֣ҪߵĻһȥħδظ׷
ûУĳƺš
һʱ䣬һһ񶼳Ĭ
ţʱѾ˵һһˡ
ǰﵽ񾳵ˣԳΪʥͽˣв㣬ԳΪʥ񾳶ʥ
ﵽػʹľʥˣػΪʥʹ񣬾ֻһǰŮӣҲû˭ܹػ൱ľ硣
ػ֮ǲǻиߵĴڣһŲûʣҲԼңɼ顣
Ŵʱľ磬ǰ˵Ѿʥˡ

֪˶೤ʱ䣬ͻȻڵʥʹڻ𣿡
ӦûŵġŮ˵Ȼħϱ㲻ܹ˺ˡ
ȴЩףǰǼȻܹħֳݣֱַؽħУΪʲôûɱħʵأ
ŮЦЦӦǼɵҰɣ뷲ûзҵټҲ֪ҵҲħ£ĿӦħǣҰɡŮ̾ϢһȴˣĽֻٴδһƽ١
ŵ˵ͷʵλʥʹ𣿡˾ôʱ죬ڲ֪оǰǰŮӵԼѣʱһҲûиоԷǸ߸ϵ񣬿ΪŮһҲû¶߸ϵӣҲǶԷҲŵѣȻǲʳĻġ
ĻҲֻ˺Ѽ˵
Ůҡҡͷޣһʱ䣬һҶõˣħҶûȤȥܡ
ţ㣬㲻ֹⳡƽ٣
룬ҲֹˡŮ˵ҾҪ뿪ˣһЩʱ䣬ܾܿͲܺˣϽûյĴڣ
գǰĴڣȴûһ˼ǵá
Զ֪֣Զ֪ǰʵ顣
ҪˣҪȥģʵ
ŵͻȻһ˿ᣬô̶̵ʱ䣬ѾյԼѡ
뽻ѣҲԷݣͨҲãҲá
Žֻںһָоо飬һж޹ء
Ҳˣǽݣֻܺħˡ
ȴûѣһûСˮеСߺеľնǵԼѣֻǿϧȴյˡ
ҫҲıûֱܹΪֻһա
ͷ˿ݶȻֿţҪȥһ磬ҿܾһͨˣҲܹܶҲ˵ء
һʲôĵطأ
룬ͻȻ¶ӰЦݵҲ֪ʲôطֻԼԼĸӦҲĴڡֻҵʵ㣬ƻҪµʱ䣬Ҳȥ
˵ĲѾף˵ĵطһڴﵽ֮󣬶ܸӦ񶼵ĴڣҪȥ񶼣ȴҪﵽػʹľܹ˵磬ӦҲ񶼵ĵطɣֻȥҪʵߣȫҲֻһܹ
뵽񶼣ȴ뵽һ⣬᲻ΣգҲȥ˻ᷢﻹ磬ٻʱȴܿѾزˡ
յͷֿܣĵطֻҪȥ˾ͺٻģҵĸоУһܺáʺҵ硣ѾûκˣźҲ˶١
ŵͷû˵ʲôյ飬ûκεôҲͲпֺʹ࣬ʲôûеĻţͺûʲô
ĬκͻȻ˵ô뿪ǰ£ҿɲѣ
šʹĵͷһֱһѣû뵽ʱʵţܿĳҵѵģǰҲû˶˵ôĻûʹô⣬˵һ˵飬Ҳ˵һ졣
ЦЦǰλʥʹΪʲôҪλãʲôãûѣûп֡߸ϣվľΣ
ţΪʲôһҰٻԭ򣿡ͻȻƤĶ˵
ˡŵʵĿģֻһʲôһطҪôܹ߳ȥ
˵򣬳ҲµĽأֻޣûбҪȥܼ򵥣ڽֵĶﴦһȣһţֻҪɱﵽػʹͿԴͳȥˡ
ػʹŵһʱ֪֮ڵԼ񽣣ҲػʹĶ֡
ŵӣ̲סЦЦ㲻ҪģٻҪʵµʱ䣬һҲﵽػʹľ磬ҪɱҲǲܵ顣
ҵʵſյôУڲҪʱΪҺķʵʲôʱȥһ磿
˭˵ҪķҵʵյֲҪ㣬ֻһַġ


486 
Ų֪ٻֻΪ࣬ΪˮԣΪɵѧ
Ÿ֪ɣѧڽ𣬾Ϊɡ
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ɣյѧٻԭ
ǰħս˺ž֮ǰԼѧ䡣
ѧʲô˶ܹѧϰģȻкܶ˷ɣֱǧűڽѧᣬڽҰ̫Ҫ磬ѧѧ¶ʹʥʹ⣬һڽ
ȻڽɵĴУûа۷壬Ҳûȫеľ裬˴ԭɱһЩƫѧϰıƫĴС
ҲΪˣŵˮʵûȫںһ𣬵Ȼһ֪žãԼԵںѾǺˡ
˵һʱžȵŴͣðŵɾȻѧѹôͬȾ˴ҲûֵܹסɵģڱӦǺ񾳳ŶԣںϺ󣬾Ǵﵽ˺мڣ̶ֳȵҲֻѧܹɡ
ЦڻûˮڣںϺǲٷֿġ
ֿܷ㶣˺ܶҶ񽣵ʱõľǻԵʱǲܵʹһҸͲܹڻҲܶˡ
յһԣںϺҪֿҲԳˮǻԡ
գգۣΪʲô
ҡҡͷһ˫ͻȻоǸһһֻһԾȼյĻ棬һֻȴһͣˮ
ˮҲ
ȫںϺǴʱȴֳȫͬԡ
̣ˮվǰſĸӦŽȻ෴¶ȡ
ֱʱղ˵˶Ϊˮ˵ģ֪ȫںϺʵġǱȵˮҪǿࡣ
յĻϸĿȻͬ򣬵ֿȴˮͬʱ֣Ҫôܹһ㣿
յܼ򵥣ֻҪžͿˣʲôͻʲôֻҪܹȫںһȻܹˡ
һ˵һջеŵҾҪƫĲ֣ȻȡµʱȫںϡֻҪںˣʹﵽػʹľˡ

УյһֻͷһֵķĴдͷһܺ󣬾ǴĶС
龰ѧϰѧΪƣҲѧĴС
˵һֱһ֮ãղջ˷ͷ֡
ҲվʱܸоԼѧǰһ仯Ǳ仯ʲôطȴܸоѧƫֻΪһоı仯ʹ޷Եȫںϡ
ֻҪÿͿˡ˵ϵĻµʱ䣬԰ȫںһ𡣡
ţգлл㡣˵
лʲôǲ𡣡Цϣߵʱܹȫǿ

ʱˮת۱һ¹ȥ
дŽصǿʯ£վȻǻȨλʦɽƺӡ
ѾһˣŻûгǲѾڽ֮ˣȨ˵
ɽ˵ͷҲܣ֮ڱǾ֮أҲ˭߽ȥֻһ˺ܸûʲô𡣡
šƺҲͷʾͬţӦóˣȻСǶԺ񾳵ʵ˵һȦҲᳬʱ䡣Ѿȥһ£ˡ˶٣ƺֵСƣ㼱ȥ£ǾͳȥɣҪɵˡ
ǲˣȨʵ
ˡƺ˵һӲܲһӰɡ
ûô죿ȨȴЩĵʵ
ûҲûϵǳҪ뿪ҲֻȥȲܴͳȥǾסȣѵ˲ɣ
ţҲǡȨ˵ͷžڻţҲ뿪ˣԼػʲôֹˡ
ȷʵǸóȥˣ滹вٵȥءȨ˵
ɽƺͬʱ˵ͷɽʵСƣ֮ǰ˵ػµһжѾʧȥˣȥпָܻǰ𣿡
пܡȨֻҪµЩ˵ػػ½ҵġ
аնԸЩ𣿡ɽʡ
Ȩ˵ͷǲǾһ𣬰Ըʮİաֻǻһ£»һЩ鷳
£һŮ˵֡
ǵģ¾һŮˡͲˣֻǳ˵ӶѡȨ˵ŵػޡ
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ɽüиӼᶨ˲ܷŹŵ뷨ֻ뷨ټᶨᶨҲûʲôϵҲûŹš
ػʵΣɽͻȻʵ
ǿֻգۼɱﵽ񾳵£ʵӦúŲࡣ˶٣Ȩֵû˾齣£һԸİնûС
ػȻǿػޣɽħҵƬ֮󣬲еħ޶ħ𣿱ѾػޣԼܱˣΪħĹϵҲٶŵػʵôôǿ
²ħޡȨ˵ģһģһ˵ŵˣ˭Ҳ֪ʲô
ɽ˵ͷо£˵ҪԸһػҲûа취ʧȥ˾齣㻹ñĶ档
ŶȨɻĿʦЩûзӦʱʵ̫ˣڻȨһʱ侹ǿĹֶʲôˡ
ɽû˽ȻҪöˣһЩѪȥӦÿԶԸǸ°ɡ
ѪȨ۾һûôû뵽һ㣿öѪ˵һˣЩ֣Ҳܹ׻ɱǡֻҪǣػ½Ͷҵˡ
ɽ˵ͷǺãھȥɣֻҪػ½ҲͿǨⵯ֮ˣʱú÷չһ磬ֻҪӵ㹻ĵ̣ħҲ塣ɽҲûмħĵطһҲħһֱΪħҲʲô˲ƾԼѾﵽػʹľ磬ħԼҲҪ˱ɡ
ҲΪɽ͹ħʱŻҪҰġ
ȨȻоħô򵥵ĴڣҲû˵ʲôϾǻǺңԶ飬ʱҲֻ˵˵ѡ
ڶڻȨ˵Ҫ飬ǳȥɱºЩ
һҲţΪȨţŻܻ߳أλʦڣҲ뿪ġ
ʦھͳȥˡȨ˵
šɽ˵ͷǴѪ


487 콣
ڣڵԺǽһʯ¾ڴʯϣǰǸʯסС
˽µʱ䣬һӶû뿪
ڵţֻҪŵӣòŵϢ¾ԶҲ뿪
ʱλҲվµûϢȻҲߡʱ䣬˺;˹ľ˶ֱλ򷢻ȥˣеʿص˸ԵĹңֻаλš
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ȨüͷҲҪ˵ʲôԶȴͻȻһЦЦ󣬱һǰǻȨ
¹Ȼ򵥣ȻôͷҵϢȨ˵
۾۽Ȩ㲻ǽǶôӱȨҲܹС߳ҲӦôŶԡ
ȨЦǶͨͨһǲ֪ĵطǸطĳڣҾʹӱ𴦳ˡȨʱܺõӣŲõЦһҲǸոʧȥһңһҲûŮ˵ˣոȢһƯŮŵģ
˭Ҳ벻ʧȥػ֮󣬻Ȩ¶˲õЦݣǰס
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ΪҿǡȨ˵ǶһһȥңʡȥܶȻҪ˵ˡ
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վڴʯϣһֱͻȨĶԻȨһ仰ʱµɫȴͻȻˣȨһ˸ƾһ֮Լ߾ŸˣŸ֮ϵˡ
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µȻŻȨˣܹ񾳵ˣôͻȻͻأ
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źͻȨǸСУڻȨˣȴûϢȨֶҪɱŸˣôܹģɫô᲻䣿
ΪԼģΪš
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Ȩּ˵Ҳֻһ˶ѣҲϵǿߡÿ˶Ҳ⣬ΪĲţͿԻĺܺá
µɫֱ䣬ĿŻȨŻȨ˫עãŵȨ˵Ķģ
ǧȷô˵ұϾһ֮ûѻƭˣҲûǸҪ˵ѡ
⼸һֱԣȨź֮Ĺϵ˽ĺȨãԼô˵ܻܿ±ΪѳҲûпܡ
ֻǻȨȻ˽˵ĸ飬ȴ˽µԸûпŵʬ壬ôϢҾĿŵʬ壬ҲһΪűġ
ȨͻȻ˵䣬ء
ڻڵͬʱһһϣѶһ߽齣
䣬µĽŻȨȥֱȨüġ
һӰӶ
վİֻµһǽʧڿС
ס⻹һμʶµʵ֮ǰսɱ˵ʱ򣬳Ҳûô죡
һǴ񣬰Զ㲻
һȴûдлȨ½ʧһ˲䣬ȨҲʧ
ٳʱڽ֮⡣
۾ֻһһ㣬ȨʵԶԼ֮ϣҾԲ¡˵£Ҳûпܡ
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ϾŵػޣŲˡϾŮˣˡ
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ȨЩ£ԼΪʲôͻȻ˺ʤҪ¶һҶɲƾԼġ
һûʱ׷ȨæջеĽֵĽָһбһ˶İƿ
ȨͻȻóһƿλЩס׻ȨҪʲô
ȨҲ˵ֱӰγƿڵľ˫һһɫƿӿֱºͰλ
ţʲôͷŽӽԼĺɫ̲סſ˵
Ȩһ˵ǡڰߵİ۾
ںʱ̧һһɿſеĺȥ


488 ޷赲ĺ
Ŀ˲䴵ӿµĺɫ
ңȴûܰɢ֮Ҳ̺ŻȨĿӴʱ򣬾ð̣գۼ䣬ʧĸɸɾ
վڵ۾ͻȻסǺǶȻܹʴˡҲû飬ǰôǿĵˣ㲻ǶԷĶ֣Ҳ໥ײ˭ʵǿ˭ʤ쾭顣״ȴͬͲ֪ǺжһҲоԼûܺԿһӴ㱻ʴĸɸɾ
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ǵֵ˵ģǺǿͳ̶ҲС
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ȴУûţλ޷ʹ󷨵ġ
ڵģҲһոպʴ龰ĽҲǿûе㺰ʱѾͬʱϷͷųߵ
ֻһ˲䣬ӴȴûסȨͷųĺֻ赲˼κʱ䣬λͬʱ㱻ʴɾȻǵҲһЩȴһôҲûУȨеİƿֻͣƬ̱㲹ġһȨһֻһֶһƿǿɺ޵ЦУܹóȨ׼ĺ֣ܳӦò
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ȻǶӲȥ˵ȫһ嶼ûС
СµŴҲûаǵ£УǶѡѣǾԲ²ܵġ
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ڣµһеĸҶһ˲ʧʱѲǼ򵥵ĳֻŵĽˡ
ǻźµѣ
ǶеϺͼᶨǶ¾ԲǵȡԼİȫ
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ںһ˲䣬ͻȻó֮硣
Ȩ˶еƿƿĺŨΪ֮磬ֵܹסҵĹȨһ˵һִӽָóһƿϵ飬һ㵣ĶûС
㲻˵ΪҪ˵ҲѾ֪ʱǺڸʴԼõ֮磬̴ӹðڸס籾Ľɫâ
չȥԼĽֵסȨĺ
֮ͨĹֲ֮ͬ벼֮˱ϵȻķȴһ类ƣýҲضˣս֮
ԣ֮粻ÿֻͷһζѡ
ȨĹĺ֮ҲɡչȥֻҪĺ㹻ô֮Ȼ費סĹȨɫƿԲ١
һӺ󣬻Ȩ߸ƿеĺɫŨ㲼µ֮ȴֻʣ¼һ㣬ϵĹâҲļ
½ĶܵɫʱͻȻڵ㣬˽磬ҪӲŵʹԼˣ


489 һ˿ǳЦ
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ʱס֮·ģµɫҲܲ԰ףҲñ֮ǰǽ絽ӣѾԳȥˣȴڼ֡Ѿܳˣû滻ǳ磬̾ͻŸ˾ͻʱǺʴĸɸɾ
λȻҲʱ״ȴֻڵϣһ취ҲûУһæҲﲻϡ
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λĶȥ̲ס̾Ϣһͬʱվǰµĸ˰ɣٳˡ
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һ̾Ϣ̲סµĸһЩ԰ġ˵ţתͷλڻܲƴһ£סȨƬʱ䣬ĸ뿪
λȴͬʱҡҡͷڵ費סȨƬ̡Ҽܹ赲ΪĸǶȥ𣿡
ɫǵģ뿪Ѿ뿪ˣȵڡ
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ҲֻΪµЦµı仯һָоϵı仯
Ϊڽ糷֮»ܹվȻɫ԰ףȴûֳƣ֮⡣Ҫ֪Լλڳ֮󣬿ʱڵϵģǸվס
¸ոѹԲᣬҪ࣬ڰ֪УµӦñԼصġ
ڻվͷŰеĺ¶һ˿ǳЦ
£ıԵú֡ء
ֻǰĽҲµ
Ȩ֡
Ȩۿž£ͻȻûɵһ˿ԷԼ֮Уǵû¶⣬վǳЦȻЦݼȴ
˭鶼ġ
ȨüͷͻȻĶ˶еİƿŨĺеڣֳһִδйĺڣţȨ˫һǰе㼫·ѹת˲㵽ͷ
λڵϣֻվȻĸӲߣѹ£ȽӴһ¡
һֱ΢ͷźʱͻȻѹ£ͻȻ͵ͷȴûһ˿ţǴ˿ǳЦ
λ춼ţȴûзһǵûǶȥǶΪµġ
ںӴµʱ¾ͻȻˣ֣ŵϻӳչֳһС
ĶƼȴϵһͷϣںûͷʱӴһ
»ӳֿһǼΪᡢΪ򶨵һֻ֡
λֻܸоµĻּ䣬һߴӭµĺ
ķ磬ıǴ˵ϣҲоǰ˶Ǵﵽ˺񾳣ǰеľϣҲо硣
ķʲô
֪ӦܷǿˡϾո֮ǺɫӲڵѾĵĲˡܹվܹӣѾܲһˣʱ£Ȼܷ춯صĹ
ѿµĺɫӦʲôöûС
ǽ飬ȴ˶ס
ֵĻӳһֱͷĺɫǿٵϷȥת˲ʧ
ôˣʹգգۣ¿ȥ
ȴջ֣ɾվɴһ˿ǳЦոոûжһֱվ
ſпȥȴѲǲˣҹɫڣܹ塣
ɴ˿֤ոշһвԼĻþǶģ»֣һ΢磬ȥסһʱĺ
ǣȻһֱԼ۾ǴʱȴȻתͷߵļλõһȷĴ𰸡
λϵıͰһ޶ʱŴ죬ɴۣ¶Ĳš˸˱˴˶˺һͬʱģ
ӦˣǲͬʱֻþɡͻȻЦĸľһӾˣǺѾвĸ
ţûĻüλȻ϶¶Цݡ
ǵģոʵѾ֤µʵͻȻһ޷ĸ߶ȡ
Ϊʲôλȴ벻ǸҲûȥ룬ʱǵֻиˡ
ܹţȻֵø˵顣
ЦЦ
ȨʱЦҲ벻ʱ̣¾ȻܹȥԼĹȥһֱѹĺҪ֪ǺֻԼһܹٸʴ
ҪǿܹúʴԼûһ㷴ֱӱɢ
мԲǶ㶼С
ﵽػʹľ磿ӺвֱӴﵽػʹҾһ˲䣿һսʱ䣿
ôܣ
ȨȴɲǰʵⱾǸܷ顣
ûгκҩûнκûһʱ䣬ֻһսֱӴӺвﵽػʹأ־ֱ
˵ǻȨ֮еҲŻ鷢
ǣǿϲţȴʵȻ²ּܾɢ
ѾվԭغܳʱͻȻһһ͵˻Ȩǰ
ͻȻſ˵Ȩƭҡ


490 ػʹ
Ȩ㶵Ŀ£Ǹû˵һŷӦƭ㣿ƭʲô
»ЦȨһ㺦ȴһӶûУŲûǵûһĺܺãȴƭ˵ˡ
Ȩɫ˱䣬漴ƭ㣿ΪƭıҪ𣿡
Ҿá˵ҲҪΪѾ֪Żš
֪ô֪Ȩ۾˵Ǽ٣ԶҲ֪µʵΪʲôͻȻһ޷º֮ϵͬĿռ䣬ѾӦ˴ˣǣǵʵȴͨһһҲ
һػʹľһҲ֣ٶ˵ġ
ԭܼ򵥣ΪŴﵽػʹľ磬ҲȻﵽ
ͻȻ¶ЦݵԭҲܼ򵥣ΪŻšˣȻһػʹľ磬ֳЦˡ
ЩͲǻȨҪ֪ˣҲûȤ˵
ֻǶŻȨʵģ
˵ѾˣŲ㡣
㲻˵ͻȻеĽ㲻˵Ҿȿһֻ֡
һֻ֣ȨգգۣͻȻһӣһɫâһֱס塣
֮磬ȨȻ֮סԼ
Ϊ𣿡ڽڵĻȨ˵ոֱӶҷѾˡֻϧõĻᡣ
㲻һԡ¾еĽͻȻŽȥ
죬ҲûһâֻͻȻɫڷ½ɽһ½϶ɵ⣬¸оһĨ
ʱĽǺɽһ
ֱ̳ڽ֮ϣȴһ춼ûз
˶٣µĽֱӴ磬ڽڻȨ֮ϡ
ѣâʧ
λסȨûиоֱϵʹ
Ƕûмˮ֪֮ǿƾһ֮ġǻҲûмǿĴڡ
µһ߸ǵ֪
ס֮ʣµĽһȨ۱룬ڵϡ
ȨȻһҽУҵʹʹʱѹʱ˸ոµĻǿšҲǴţ㲻˵Ҿȿһֻ֡ڵ˵ϻȨһֻ׾ٵ顣
²ûпѪȣеĸѲ֪ж٣ȻҲһ²ȥֵŮӡ
һۣʵԺ񾳵ǿ˵ҲƤ˶ѣȻֱ۲ٳǶԱʵӰ첢
ڵĻȨȴͬڶϱ֮ǰͷų֮ѱǿƴ̴֮˱飬˱ˡ֮ǰλԿѪ֮ʱֲͬλڽ֮ǰջصģǶʧȥս֮
ȨȻ˵ĸء
ʱȨѵڵϣŶǲܡ
ڵأͷѪȨǾĿ¡
Ǳźܴģ˳޶ѪаܹɱºͰλڲõĽͳһػ½
Ǿһ˲䣬תе뷨ı䡣
ʱȨֻţʲô벻𡣿ǿ¸ոպԥĳ֣ȨбŶڵԼ˵Ҳһ׵顣
ȻҲϣģûһɱԼϣ
ٴοʵ
˵ͬʱµĽֱָȨұۣٲ˵һҾͿֱֻۡ
ȨգգۣҪ˵ȴּ˵֪֪֪ϵ֪ûпʬ壿
ϣȨ̲סһϵʬ壬ڵ֪λʧ֮󣬻ȨȥԴҪ֪ﵽ׷ʲô飬Ӧ֮ߡȫûڻȨ˵ʵ̫ˡ
˵ԴȻҲͿϵʬ壬һۿʵѻȨŵòᣬڣȨ˯ʱҲǻϲӡ
ǾʬȨļʵ̫ˡ
ϵ뱻ǧҲļȻֻǿһۣǻȨܹоõǰܵʹࡣʹκܹܵģȨһ붼¡
´ʱͻȻϣȨʱЩѡ
Ӧ֪˭еġµͻȻ䣬ϱɱʱҲڳ
ȨҲ䣬ܹµ˵仰˼ˡ
¼˵ܹ֤ԼҲóַҾüͷ¿Ȩ˵Ļ𣿡
Ȩ嶶øµļ仰ȫˮʪ͸Ȩ죬˻ƣ˵š
ôôҲӦ֪ˡ˵
Ȩ˵ͷ˵ǲ˵ŵ䣬Ͳɱң
Ͻġ˵
ʲôϽȨԼ˫ֱҲıµĻŵˡ
µͷŻȨŵ˵ģȻȥֻҪܹˣҾͲɱ㡣ҲţҾ㿪ҿԸ㣬ǰǧʮġҾܹĸһЩͦʱһЩһǴţ
ºĻȨûȥ벻ôݵŮӣǻȨȴ֪˵óóӸոԼֱչֳ򶨣Ȩ֪²Ǵţˡ
Ȩһ飬ģ
򣡡Ȩæ˵˵΢һ㣬Լұ۾Ҳûˡ
򣿡üһʲôĵطôҲû˵˶٣תͷİλ˵𣿡
˶ҡҡͷ˵ػûһط
ɵ룬ҲûС
ûС
ҲûС֪ǱҲûһط
üͷ𣬵ô˵ػ½ûطˣ
ǵġλͬʱ˵ͷǶͨˣػ½ϵĵطûǲ֪ġ
ȨתͷٴοȨͬʱһɵ˵
һ磬ֻޣûˡϳңҲû֪ǸطȨ˵ǷҪ׼ȷ˵λãô˵ǵĽ¡
£գգۣڵ£
ҲǡȨҲаҹҲǳȴֲκһط˵һռ䡣Ҳ֪˵ܹܲö
µ˵ͷҶӦú񶼲࣬һƬأ粢ûʲôϵ
Ȩ˵ͷȻûȥ񶼣֪һطȴûڹżпԻȨҲܹǺһĴڣǶ磬ȴ硣񶼺򶼽ڡҲǻȨҪưԭֻаƿУԼǰȫģҲܹȫ
Ȩûȥ񶼵ԭܼ򵥣ΪĲѧȻȥ񶼣ﵽ˺ҲܸӦ񶼵ĴڡҲӵкӦѧ
Ȩȥ򡣡ͻȻ˵
ãȨһ˿ԥûУӦ
ȨȻܾµҪڶ˵ֻа´ȥԼܹš
λʦһɱ¡Ȩ


491 ڶ
»ɢȨͷŵ̴Ľ֮ʱڵڲ룬ɢŨâ
ǹâԽԽʢڳӺ˰ʱһȫջڡ
ɢɫâʱ±Ѿͻ˺񾳡
վվŵԣոɢâΪԵ֮ҲԷ顣ȴһ㶼ںôǿ½Ҳûз㡣
ֻգ濴ƾɲĲݣҲûһ𻵡
վ¶һ˿ЦݣڵˮǲѾȫںˣ
յͷӦˡ
ʲôӦǣɻĿգ̲סʵ
յΪػˣӵԼػޣԶ˵ѵںϷʽػ޺塣ǲںϡȻڵҲ˵ȫںϣȻҲﵽػʹľˡ
ŶգգۣѾûػѽҺѾԼѾҵػˡ
£ЩƵĿţػ޽һŮӵء
±Ů˵Ѿػˣҵİˡæ˵
İˣ¶֮ɫæǰ㰮Լػޣ˵˵ô£ʱյòߺϵľǷǵΪԼˣ˻þɡ
߸ϵģΨһ񣬾Ȼ¶˰Եı飬˵ȥ˭ҲšҲûжκ˱ֳһСŮӡﻹӣ
գȴһҲе⣬ֻԼѣ
ҲûоԼµʲô˵ģշʣһԥûУԼе鶼˵˳
վԽԽǾ棬ȴһ仰Ҳûв壬ֱ˵꣬ղŵ벻ϾȻ飬ܹ֮ûػҵԼİˣ֮治ܹĳġ
Ҳû˵鷢Щֵʵտ񣬾㲻֪ʱ䣬ϵҲӦ֪ĲŶԡ
ҡҡͷҵȻ֪Ҳ֪ΪҲûй鷢
Ҳûй㣬ôܣػҲǺػġ˵ˣͻȻ뵽һ⣬ֵŶ㲢֪ػǼǧǰųģһֱӦò֪顣
֪˵Ȼһֱ֮ػȴܸӦõǸػһҶȻҲػమΪʵԭһżȻзһѧǱѧȴҪమһСֲͱ˹ѧǣ뵽Լػޣ֮ھһ⽻󣬲һ顣
ĿĲе飿üͷ壬Ҳ飿
֪˵ҴҲûй飬Ҳ֪㲻㣬ԼĸоǲӦýġ
ţҾҲǡ˵û뵽ػȻһ¡
˶٣ŷػǰľһϵûСſʵգΪʲô˵»ҵػޣǵԼѾػ˵ġ
ֻҪ㻹ܹº壬ػޣԼûʲôϵ˵Լʵ󣬾ûΥԼҲʲôԼֻܹػ֪ػ޺ûбѶѣֻҪԼʲôöûС
գգۣ񶼵ٻزϵôܹأ
Цκ鶼ûоԵģԼһֻͨҪΥػԼػ֮ͻӦƾǸӦͿԽһŻصеĺ·ֻǶѡ
𣿡գգۣػ˵ٻѵǺħ
Ӧþ˵
ҪԸħõʱ𣿡˵ǵȵħе꣬Ǹʱ¾ҪԸҲԸ˰ɡ
š
ˣ񶼲ҲͲܴѵЩνû뵽һ㣿
ħռ磬ΪҪ磬ֻΪҪħöѡ
ŵ˵ͷУûΪежôΰ󣬼ػһΣŶӡͲáһ㺦Լ²ټ
Ǻ֮Ϭ񾳺º󣬾Ͳٷֿˡ
Ŷħӡȴһֱ㻵ֻҪħвԼˣôʲôԼ޹ء
ţѾﵽػʹľˣҵʵҲһҲӦˡ
ٴεͷֹ뿪նѾûһĵط
ϣԺǻټ档ֵ
ǻټ棿ŲĿա
ЦЦпܣ֮ô棬Ժʲô鶼пܷ
ЦЦû˵ﵽľ磿붼û
ֻҪȥȣɱͿ뿪ˡ˵ӵɵѧִﵽػʹľ磬Ҫɱû⡣Ұﶼ㣬ʲôĻҲľ㡣
հһжĺеһжš
ţˡһ˵һ֣ǰһǰĿռһڵĶ
סһ֮˺ѿռ䣿ʲôʵ
ҪԸħ練ƶѣֻǿϧһжѿһԸħȤҲûС
ճŻ˻֣Ц߽ڶУת˲ʧ
žĿźڶһСֱʧָֻǰģֻǲա
˿˦һ˿ĲᣬȻת⡣


492 
Ÿո߳ݣͿ
֪ʲôʱϷʱڲݵ⣬ȶʮֻ򱣳ƽ⡣
ųæʵˣ
ˡ˵
ȶµ棬ͻȻ˵ʮݼˡ
ˣգգۣ㶵Ŀ˭ˣ
˰ͻȻִӵϿУֱӷɵǰ˵ǰԸңߺǽڵˡ
ǵոոڲ˵ʲô⣬;ԼΪ˵ֻΪԼ⼸棬ҪȥҾӦòܾȴû뵽վǰضԼԼΪˡ
ͷԼ£뵽һ
һµʱ䣬˺ܶǰĹ¡֪ͨޣ֮⣬κ˶޷κ顣
ˣ˵ϾֻܹˣеЩ񶼲С
ΪһֱĶǾĴ˵Ҳû˵ˣûʲôáҲû˵ûмʵƾӦӦȻҲͲʲô뷨
ҾǾҲû뵽ҪʲôžԼûʸ
գҲƾʲôҪþԼģ
ǰ˵صˣ
ͷǵģһֻҪķԸ;ӡǰǲ߳صģǰ죬ȡƣ˵ֻҪﶼȥ˶٣ּ˵ԣռϾͿɱеޡ
ĻһոԼʲôɾԲһôˣԼ;صԼǸ磬һ
ֲߵʱһ㶼ԼЩ˵ǶԸˣ򶼲ڻ¡
ų˼ãŵ֪İҵѣһжҡȴûʸصˣҲûǵȨ˶٣ֵڣҵˡ
ţ߲ߣ㶼ǽصˣǣԺҲǡ˵ĻԶҲġ
㶣ʱ뵽յݣǰΨһ񣬱ڣߣֻҪ룬ͻΨһġ
˵ĻּǱҪӵġˣ˵ĻҲһЧ
ȻڵʱѾûж֪ˣҲĻǶھ˵ȴЧֻյϹޡ
ǰ;˳ΪʹλʥʹǶҪǷǷڵѾ֪ǰգûеڶ˿Զ´
ǶյģҲκ˶ҪߣǰڣڻǲڣֻҪ˵ĻǶһӣ֪ղٻҲһ
˼ʱһͷͻȻԶֱӷɵ⣬ɵźǰ
ͷʶڵº˵ͷӵбԵ
ɵֱڵ棬޴ͷڵ£Ƕһͷŵʥݼ
ʥ֮ҲֻʥŻӵԼ֣ſԿ˵
ʥǽڵ
֣ȻҪǰݼ
㶵վԭأһʱ侹ǲ֪ôźáǰһˣһǰһʥűҲ֪ôӺδ֣һצӣŹԼҲ
Ų֪Ǻõʱ򣬷ڵϵʥֿ˵뿪أɨƽ򡣡
ɨƽ򣿡ʵΪʲôҪɨƽ򣿡
ΪЩʵ̫ˣССĽǾˣʮ˵
Ǵʱ˿龰һһ
һˡһͷһֻʮֻĺ˵죬ۿ˵ȥԲš
ǣȴѾƽˣµʱ䣬̫˲ŵ顣ʱ龰˵ֻСˡ
ʥûзĻҲûΪ˵ʱһ˫޴ۿţ¶һĿ֮⡣
ûлشԼʥֵ˲ҪòģЩ޶Ǿ綾֮ڻģĴڣȴЩɱֱʥ˵ȻΪһĵˡȴ֪УһҲں޵ģǺһϵҲûСֻǾöԸڵԼ顣Ųһϲñ˰ˣͬʱҲԼûʸŲû̴Ӧʥ
ʱʥ˼֣ų˼Ƭ̺ܴʤҪԸеޣ֪жİգ
գʥ۾󣬡ԸЩϻʲôղյģҪǻ練Ƶ顣
ŵѪҺжʱܻһЩ鷳
ʥѪһϵҲûУĶֻԶԸ࣬˵һö𡣡
Ŷգգۣ˼ǣ޵Ѫʴǵ壿
ǵġ
Ļôôɡ˵û
ллʥھȥˡ
ŵ˵ͷʥֱӷɻصڵƬڡ
ܿ죬ҪӭһѪȷˡ


493 ռ
ƽǧ˲ѰĴ顣
һƬҲû޽ĽУͻȻ߲ʺ;
;أϯ򣬶Щ綾޷ҵĹ
ˣû˭֪ԼŵĵطȻоĴڡǻһֱΪԼƬصˡû뵽һͬľȻд˵еľܶ࣬ǧͷ
һ㷢ҵĹǵıǽ֣ϢӿռǧĽֻһ˲㻯ΪһƬҽ
ûһܹӳȥ
˽֣ɢȥ֮޶˲ɱҲٽԻ壬ԼڵѪҺϡ޵ѪҺо綾Դ˺
ǽȴһöûУϼӲƬһҲ¶ѪĸʴܶѪҺϣƬһۼ
ɱǳɱ
֮ûпɱԣԶԶĶ֡
ھɱ¾֮£лŵ޶ʧ롣ʱǻûע⵽ȣСԺԲƵĲʵ
ܿǾͷ˵
ɢȥģɱޣкܶûǵĿ϶
޸ࡣ
Щްҵʱȴ
ССġɰģûһ㹥ȴ޴˻Եѡ
ĳÿһλӶ󣬶ᷢһ߲ʵĹâʲôޣֻҪâУ³ֻһ
߽ڵʱ·Ϸڣûе·ߣ
Ŷû뵽ôǿʵССôᴢôǿ
߲ʹâ֪ʵȻɳĶġ
ӵֻ߲ʹҪֻǿϺܶࡣֻĸǿ
ûпֻӵʮֻĺҲûпڲʮֻĵ
ٵĳĺֻҪһҲضҪʲô޶һ
Ҳ޵ĶѪս״̬У嶼һ߲ʵĹâܹƻ֮ĶѪȴƲ߲ʹ֡
ǰһϳٹ⣡ֻӵе⡣
ֻڣȴû֪âǿҲûܹϳˡ
żһΣնûУûԭضֱȥȡ
ǵյĻֻȲܹͳȥֻлг˽ǿĴڡ
żŻǵǽлɽƺӣǰոʱű㱻ƺӴˡ
ʱ£ȴĺͶԷһս
Ⱦֻаȫǰʮκѵ
߽ȣȴûиоһ
ţǲڣü漴չڲԼĹϵǲڷһЩҪȥģǰɱġ
ֻͻȨгȻֻͻȨһģҲѺͻȨ֮ĶԹͷϡֻҪǲֹԼ뿪ǽ֡
ȵȥȻûôֻҪҵ֮ͿԻȥˡ
ֻ뿪̫ǣңŻ֪ôˣﶺȥ
һֱߵɽȵûɽƺӣȴĿʥֻʮֻ
ףôЩֵʵȵλúΣλãҲҲû뵽ʥҲ
ȴûޡȥɱޣʲôأ
벻
ʥ˻ξ޴ͷ˵ǵȻɱˡ޵סҺȻҪˣǵݣܲȥɱްɡ
죬ԱԽʥŵһ㲻Ǿǲмȥɱͨޡ
Ѿɱˣʵ
ڸոտЩֻ֪֮ʮֻȷʵжԸʵʥ͸˵ˣֻһҪɨҲ⡣
ɱˡʥһ˵һǰŲһʥĶʹõ涼һʵ̫ˣҲ̫ˡ
һԭ棬Գʬ塣
һֻ޴ĽëӺһͷɫʨʬ塣
ɽƺӣΧʬתȦʵ
ʥͷҺǵʱǻ˵ӣ֮Żָԭεġ
೤ʱˣʵ
һ
һգգۣһҲûѣ˾Ͱɱˣ
ɱǻ÷ʲôʥҲգգǾ޴ֵۣĿš
ȻһֱʵĺܸߣŲŷ֣Լǵ͹ʥʵˣΪʥܹɱֻҲҪһû뵽ǾֻһʱͽǿĴڡ
ʥжʵ޷ơ
أҲ򵥣ҲһҲʥ
ԼǵĵˣҪԸԼӦҲһ˲Ѱɡ
ͻȻûˣʱ䣬ҲӦĲˡڣſ˵ˡ
ȴҪˣһҲĵλػ½ҪģֻܺԼǺúõĻţܹƽͺá

ţһԲ壬ʥ˵ֻҪ߽ȥܵ硣
תͷʥҪˣǾͺúõɣҲһһٻ
šʥͬʱͷʥ˵ţҪǵǣʲôѣʱԻҲԴǳȥ⡣Ҫ֪Զˡ
ҼˡŵͷתҪ߽ŹԲС
ʱԲĹâȻ漴ű㿴һ˴˳


494 ط
ҵԲʱʮֻߣȴûи
ĴһʯУʯϺܴˣɸ˶⣬Ƕʥ˵Ե̫СˣﳤʵǼ⴫ֲܱ¶£Ȼʱ䳤˱ʧȥЧ˾ܻʯݣԾֻܵˡ
Ҫ봫ŵʱһȴͻȻӹ߳
㶣ʵû뵽ﾹȻҲڿ߳˺ϵľʧ漴¶Цݡ
߽ʮˣʮŶʶˡ
ǰĵһ뿴£µĺһֱֻ۵ĻȨȨǰλ
£ô°ȻŸ˵Ĵ
ţȻȻţµ˷֮һҲ٣Ҳ˷ܵĴǻȨģû˵أ
λҲ˷ܣܹٴοȷƽ£˸ȻˣϲҲ¶Цݡ
ʱΨһЦ˾ֻлȨˣȨЦ޶޲
ǻȨʦɽƺסĵط˵ˣǶСĹ񱣬˻ȨҲû˭߽ǻȨҲ֪ΪʲôҪôʲôԭ
ʱȴ
ԭֻһǾʦˡ
ǣ˭ܹ˺ǣȨüͷʹñѿɫøѿ
ʵ벻̶̼ʱ䣬ᷢʲô顣
Ȩ벻ǣ﷢һУһҲֻ˰ʱѣڣѾˡ
˺ʦȨҡҡͷʵǲܹһ㣬Ŵﵽػʹľ磬ѧڻȨֵܹסһʦ㲻ˣҲ˵Ķ֡
ȨҴΪлɽƺӣȨҪԸء
ȴ
ǻ᲻ỹڽţȨͻȻð뷨漴ִŶˣôỹǱأУǲ֪ܲŵһһֻҪŴӽ߳ͻֵ̱ġ
ڵޣȻ͵͵ﵽ֡
ȨԽԽ£ҲԽԽȻⲻλʦշ룬Щ²ҪҲ
ȨֱѾӦλʦˡ
Ȩûע⵽Ϊֻһǵˡʵ̫СˣֻĴָС˻עıжٳ򣬶ҼȨҲ⣬ҲֻΪһֻϡƷֵĺˣµҲôΪ
ʱʯеҲûз滹ſʥʥսʱϾһϢҲš
ŵһʱʥǰûзƽԭûиоʥһϢ
Ȩûз龰ʱͲỹŽʣһ˿ϣˡ
ţҵλʦأȨ˼˰죬˰̲֮סʵЩԼλʦܳʲô£ſ˺ǡ
ۿŻȨƽ˵ˡ
ˣôܣȨЩͻȻţƭң
Ȩ˼ԭΪԼʦû֪ˣ¿ֻǻȨŭˡ
ǣҲŭˣһţоһ
һ䣬Ȩٴθֱܵۺζʣһֱֻ۾ôһ˲䱻¿¡
ȨһҽУ´ʹ£Щ˵£Ӧҵġ
µͷǵģҴӦɱ㣬ȴûдӦ㶯֡
ȨǶ˶һҲ˵
ǵģֻǴӦ˲ɱѡοڴʱ£¾ҪɱҲ޲ɡ
Ȩź»Ǻ˽ģϾôõĵˡȨ֪ºŶǾӣԼôΪ
һԣ׷˵ºŶá
һȨܹɱԼҲŹԼġϾŲû˵ҪŹҲܻŹ
²ɱԼԼ⣬һԭ򣬾ҪԼšڻûʱ򣬻Ȩһ㣬ʱȨȴ⣬Լʦġ
ŻȨϱòɫžЦˡ
ŵͻȻһִδйɣû£һӾͷ
һֱѹֵţʱͻȻԼѾû˳ˣֻҪɱǰĻȨԻصǣȵˡ
һֱ
ȥԭɼ¹ݣС¥еˣû¿ٿһҽݣԿç죬ûµʱ
붼˿ġ
ŲħԿֻҪħԼű㲻ȥħ鷳ΪֹŻҲûаħɵˣȻкܶ˶˵ħĲãЩûйϵ
ڣͻΪʵ
Ȩ㲻ʦѾˣͻȻȤͻȨ˵
ҲšȨ˵˵ĺܿ죬ȴܲᶨ
ŵǵʬ⣬㲻ſԳһ˵һȥѲô뿪ˣȻ°ȻٶһҲνˡ
еʱȥԼϲ顣
߳ʯݣȨԥ˰ΣҲ˳ȥ


495 թ
ʯ߳ȨʹסȨһͬ߳ºͰλҲס
ǿһͷɽľʯǰһ˫޴ĶŻȨ
һ˫۶סȨ岻ĲǿҵĽŸʹʦʬ嶼ûп
ôĴڣҵ۹Ϊʲô⣿Ȩ̲ס
Ȼ֪ʥ˿Ϊ
ʥ֪һֻڿ˵ȻŹոʯźͻȨ˵ʥˣ֪ȨŵĳˣҪɱġҲΪʥûֱӶ֡
ºͰλʱҲܽţǴҲûп˾޴ǻΪĻΨһһͷˣǰǰľȣֱճӤһ㡣
ʲôʵԼֻ᲻Ķ֣ڵһʱ
뷨ֻǴһ˲ʧˡ
Ϊţ¾Ϳߵ˾£Ǿǵûйţŵ˵ͷһһʶһ㡣
ǾԴŵӣλ۾ϴ󣬡ʶͷǻദĺܺã̲ס˵
Ϲٺ˵ͷֻʶء
Ųҵѣҵˡһ޴ըװڰͻȻͻѳ˶һ
λͬʱֻûжѾ䵭ź׼
˭¾ȻͻȻ
Ҳѹǻ˽ţڳ˶ϺǿߣûиӦκ˵ĴڣȴͻȻ˵ֻһֿܣ˵ʵ֮ϡΪԷԼϢûаնԸˣôῪ˵أ
ըװʹ˸ȷ㡣
ʱ˶ͻȻȴûһȥ仰ݺͺ塣
ǵȻ뵽Ǿ˵ʥһԼ˵ž벻˵˭
ûйĴ˵ȻҲûܹ뵽㡣
˵ǰʥһν͵
һ仰뵽֮ǰһ䣬ڷӦʥ˼ˡ
Ǿˣֻ£ǰλҲӦ˹ǵ۾һ˲ø˲ò᲻
ȨڷӦ֮һϣûˣ˻ΣֱͦͦĵڵϣðҲûжһ¡
ţȨӣʹգգۣЩס
ˣκ̲ס
ɣһ˺񾳵ô׾𣿡ջؿĿ⣬תڵϵĻȨ˵һ֮Ӧûгİɡ
۾УǰȨǧܾô˰
ʱţϣȨš
ۿܹɱ˵ʱ򣬳ȴͻȻǰȥֻһ㲻гУһʹ顣
ͺһڻصȴ¾²ĵȵʱ䣬ȴͻȻȥζܡ
Ų뾭ʹ࣬ûȨôˡȨǰ뿴Ȩ״пܵĻȾȻȨɱ
Ȩڵµģϡź׿
Ȩܰף׵ûһ˿Ѫɫ
˭ڼڱֱֱۣ֮磬ɫá
Ȩ˲ᣬһֱŻȥϣһֱʦģ»Ȩѵȥ
˫۽գüͷ壬ʹӡ
һҲûУҲаϢɢ
ʱĻȨ˭Ѿһˡ
ȴǲġ
һ񾳵ǿߣҪԼϢǺѱ˷ֵģϢѾ¡
񾳣ҪԼһѵ顣
뿴ȨһС
ԽԽ͡
ȨԽԽ
۾ԽԽ
˶ڿţҲŻȨ
µɫһֱƽžȨвһ׵ʱµɫȴͻȻˡ
ȨüͻȻ˶
СģͻȻ
ֻȴ̫
ȨüͬʱҲˡ
»ûкʱһöɢŨԲͻȻӻȨ
µڣԲѵü޼䣡
ֱʱλŷ̲סȴΪԮ
¶ֻܺС֣źҲ
һеı仯̫ͻȻ̫ˡ
Բ飬ǻȨڵ
ĪˣȨˡ
ڵǿֶΡ
еϢʧΪȨȫеڵС
ûбϾǻȨһ֮
˶һ㣬˶˶ԻȨľ衣
ʱȻǻȨֵʱ
ڿʱ򣬻ȨѾŵĻоһ£˵ʦҲһ
Ȩ֪ŲŹԼ֮Թ̫ȨΣԼٻ뿪ˡ
ǣȨȴôˣһ汳ġ
ɱȨȨɱҲš
ǣûֱֻۣ˵£Ȩû˺Ӳƴʵ
ȫʢʱڶŵĶ֣οأ
Ӳƴе£Ȩ뵽һַԼǿֶԸš
νǿڵ
ǣǰһĻ
Ȩļƻν޷죬ԼΪƻܷɹŻ᲻Լթ
£˭һġ
ŹȻûûȨʧֻˣһԼŻȨһô
ȨԼһһȡ
ڵں󣬻Ȩϱ¶Цݡ


496 ڵ
Ȩ³ڵֻĴָСͨһŨɫ²ſڵ״ǵѵü޼䣬üĴ
ȨúԼͻȻĹűһ㷴ӦûС
˶㶵վԭأһʱ侹ûһ˵
ΧͻȻ;
žôˣÿ˵жð뷨ÿȴŻᷢ顣
µɫֱ䣬һбһʱֻһͷɱ˻ȨǧС
һֻ̧𣬶ȥʱȴͻȻջĽš
漴Ͼ¶Цݡ
ͻȻǱüĵŵ徹һ䵭漴ʧԭء
Ǳ˿龰һΪǻȨڵ̫ǿŵ嶼ȴ֪ǣ̫Ϥı仯ˣһ۱㿴Ĳʵ壬Ƿ
ɵ⻯
ȻڻȨǰʧͬʱһӰڻȨֳš
ʱнûгʵĽ
Űѽʰγķ֮һᷢŨѪâ
ΪԼ񽣡
ʱȴǷһɫĹâ
âǴӽ⴦ģǽ⴦ɭĻСڵ
ŵĽָŰлȨڵǹâҲڵȥ
ȨڵϣȵĿţʵ벻Լͷ­ţôٴγԼԣҺһ¶Ҳûеӣ
Ȩ벻ȻѵԼԣΪʲôԼȥԸǿڵѵֻ֪ҪɱԼڵʧȥ
Ų֪ܲġȨǵŸոԼľ֮ĶԻ
˽κһ˶˽⡣
˳¾Ȼ
ȨôҲ벻е뷨벻ԭ
ȨֻܿķչѶˣľȫԼڵ֮ϡ
ŽĹâǴƻԶԶȨڵ
⴦ڵɱɭֵõģϵĴ󲿷ʧȻ޷ʹʱȨڵȣܻȨжأϾš
˶Ŀ⣬λΪһѺҲ㲻ΪʲôҪԸڵɱ˻Ȩ
Ȼǲ̫˽ȴ˽ħޡڰλħӦͬһʵġڵ൱ħ޵ħ
ħħ޵ǿһħ뿪ħڣħޱĺͨҰһˣһͷͨҰޡħħһ㹥ҲУʱֻҪܹɱħޣħʧȥ
ȻҪƹħɱħҲһ׵飬κﶼ׸ɱԼĻᣬħħ޵ƿеģͨ£ҪɱħޣǱضҪħصġ
ȴлᡣ
ڵڿУȨߡŵĽֻҪһָҪ˻ȨȨڵҲ
ǴʱȴûпȨһۣע˿мײϡ
ȨĿģλҲ벻ס
ʵֻǣԼ֪ôһ¡
Ȩ³ڵûгŵϣͶԻȨһҲûС
һֱڽ䱸ŻȨˣܹɶȨһ
ڵŵķǵ˻ȨߡҲҪסȨģȻʱһҲ»ȨڵסȨ졢Чķ
Ǿո֮ʱű񽣾ͻȻҵ
Լ𶯣һϵûС
ͻȻı仯һֻ÷ԸȨȥĽýֹͣ𶯡ɻûŵȴԼС
סȴĿƣֱָŰлȨڵԼǵɫâ
˵ŵĶģĽġ
Ȼ˭Ҳ뵽Щ
ֻһ֪
ھлһ˿棬Ҳ뿴ҪʲôҲûпȥѹ񽣣ƾԼӡ
ɫĹâڰײȴûзһ졣
׼ȷ˵ҲܽײӦýܡ
ɫâ󣬾ѸٵΪһ壬Ũ⡣
ǣ˵ж¶һ˿ãȻ˭Ҳû뵽ᷢ飬ŶĿſС
ȨҲסƬ̺㷴Ӧ˹æʶٻڵ
ڵǻȨһ֣ҪڵʲôȨֻҪһ¾Ϳˡ
һڵȴûӻȨķԸںϵâǵû䵽棬ס
Ȩ󾪣Ҳûֵ飬æٴٻǽȴʧܡ
ڻȨĲУһӵʱܿȥ
ȨҲֹͣ˶ڵٻڸոյʱܸоԼڵĴڡڣȨȴǷԼڵѾһϵҲûˡ
ȨڵƾվͲˡ
еâȫںϡ
ȴûʧγɵĹûзȨҲûлصŵĽ⡣
ɫڿת˰Ȧ漴ǵʥĽ¡
æһȻѾ꣬ʵҲߵ޷ĵزֵ飬ҲǵһȻҲ˾衣
ǹȴǳʥģֱӵ˻ɽƺ߻óԭεʬϷͣ
ʱ˶ɴ۾ǹÿһ˶뿴ᷢʲô
ǻȨ⡣
ͣʬϷƬ֮䣬ٴη
˿ʬڣҲɢŹâԲ
ÿжǻɽƺӵڵﵽػʹڵ


497 
ӻɽƺʬöڵܿ㵽ϷĹ򴦣ҲںһһںϵʱҪһЩһʱͬɫĹŲȫںϡ
ںϺĹһСֻٴλصŵĽ֮ϡ
ŵڹص֮ʱǷŨɫââȣΧеһжһɫ
ŽеĽܸоӽ⴦ǿⲨǱȰγķ֮һҪǿᡣ
ô£²֪ʲôʱߵߣͻȻſʵ
ų˼ΣŵҲǽڵԼڵպʵǿˣڽһѾ񽣱ˣȥ治֪Ժʲô
գգۣȴףڵգΪ˶ס⴦Сڵôܹ뽣أ
ŵڵûȫ룬ոշǵâֻǽڵһֵ
ֻһֵڵҲ벻Ϊʲôᷢôֵ顣
ŵ˵ͷʵˡ
˶٣ֵڵһǱ񽣵ϢȾ䣬˿ͬĹܣӦúڵʵһġ
ҡҡͷ벻ǻţڵ飬ɭûȴֻһöڵһڵϾѾˣڵҲͼûС
ǾĶȻڵۿ˶˵¾Բš
ʵǰŲţѾˡ
Ȼ벻±Ҳȥ룬ڵŽϵһ֣ǿŵҲǿˣô˵һ¡
׿ڵ飬תͷ˿ڵϵĻȨô
Ȩʱڵϣ³ڵһûж
ʱȨһ˫۾Ķţһŵӡ
ֱڣûа취Լڵƾʧʵ
ȨҲû˵飬һֻҪţڵͲᶪʧ
ڵԱݻ٣ǱȴǴҲġ
һû˵ǾͲˣֻһֻͨĶѡ
ԭжôǿ󣬱Ǵﵽ˺һľ磬ûڵҲʱȫʧò˶þͻԭΣٲܱӡ
ȨģǴȥҲһ˵ˣԿԳΪʷش¼
ȨţҲڿŻȨʱȨûҪôԸԼ˵ô
ûлشٴȨǰ㻹ûʲôҪԸҵˣ
Ȩҡҡͷһֻڵûˣʲôˣ
жѪҲóġͻȻ˵
Ȩ۾գգȻ㶼֪óʲôã˶٣ȨֵûڵûһֶûˣʲôöѪ
գգۣҲǣȻûôӦˡ
ȨţһһʣոΪʲôܹ㿪ҵڵôģֱڣȨȻھ⣬ʵ벻ףԼ޷һ͵Ϯôܱܵÿأ
ŵܼ򵥣ΪҲŻȨᱻҲԹԵŲʱ򣬾׼ҪܿڵҲһѵ顣
ѣȨüͷ𣬡ôľ룬ҪܿҵڵһҲѣ׼ҲӦܹܿġ
ЦЦұܿˣһԸ㣬û׼ڵҲ˵ҡ֮Ĳ࣬ѾǰľеĲˡ
ȷڵĻȨѾȽˡػʹͺ֮Ĳ࣬Ȼһ㾳Ĳࡣ
ȨôʣΪ֪Ҳﵽػʹľ磬֪Ϊš
ǻȨȴ֪˵ĻġʵѾǰűܿڵõ֤
ȨգգۣŵţǲҪɱң
ŵͷȻ
ΪʲôҪɱңȨͻȻֵѾûڵٹһӣԭΣԺҲвκˣɱɱǲѾûʲôˣ
塣˵
Ŷʲô壿Ȩǲģʧȥڵ£ȻҪš
ŵΪ֮ծҪɱ塣
֮ծȨǣΪҵӻܣȫ´ͨȷʵǸŴ˲鷳һҲûУĶԹҪɱɣ
ŵȻһţʱȷʵɱҵģһӦֵҶˡҽ㣬ȴΪ
ΪʲôȨʵ
۾𣬡ΪλȨɱǣλͲս
Ȩɫ˱䡣
ͻȻתͷ񣬵λꣿ
񳤳̾Ϣһһ𳤴ģҽʮ꣬Ǹʮꡣ
ŵͷǲΪȨǲŻģ
ǣ
ǺãͻȨʣλˣ
һߵȨǰÿһϾһˮ¡
ߵȨǰʱ򣬰Ѷһذס
Ȩ˵Һһ𳤴󣬴Ҳûзֿǲҵ£һֱ㡣һֵȨ˵ҪУ
ɱҰɡ˵֪ҲٻˡҲҵĳھһϣ͸һʹɡ
ҡҡͷڻ˻û塣Ƿģֻ˵ծ


498 
ð˵ԼڻȨ¶һ˿ϲ漴ȴֻһֵġ
˵㡮ڡǲڡֺҪڲܣҲһͿˡ
仰δһûʱδؾͱȻźá
ȨͻȻ˶ϣûһ˿Ƥʬ壬Ȩɴ˸ĿҲһ˿š
᲻ԸһԸԼȨ̲סԸһԸԼô죿Ļɱ˺á
ôһͷȨԼ˽Լ
ֻǣȴһ㣬ûڵ˵£ɱѾûС
ɱҰɡȨԼһ¶ѵʱڷԼ˽ͷǶŰ˵˵һûУɱֵܡծһҪɱҲܹ塣
Ȩ˵ǲɱңҲԲֵܡ
ʱȨˣһͺ£ʵǲ볢ʹࡣһٵֻ̼Ҫŭðʢŭ֮¸Լһʹ
ûȨĻɫһٱ䣬еذԽ߬Խȴûд̳ȥ
λ˲ȫھͰѻȨɱʵ̫ˡ
˵Ҳɱ㣬㻹бҪġ
Ȩ񲻳ɱԼЩˡ
֮ʲô鶼пܷʱĻȨŰɱ񲻶֣ȨЩ֪ôźˡ
룬λĹϵжôáɱǵģǲɱΪǱôܶԵԼģȨе˵
ҡҡͷڲɱ㣬ͲΪǱˡʱֻΪб˵ûѡ
˶٣ֵֵΪ㣬䲻ɱҲȫΪԭҵ㡣ͻȻǰ߳һߵȨűߣҵ㣬ҽҲ㣬˰ɡ
ֵ㡣
Ȩɱ˰ֵܣȴҪֱӶϻȨˡ
ŻȨĽŵˣѾû֣ھֻܶˡ
Ȩȫһˣ
˵ǲŸոſ죬ҪڵĻͱ˲ҽСȻ󣬻Ȩһ仰Ҳ˵ˡ
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ڸȨĽֺذһӰѽֺȥʹþһǰһ
ĺõҲ̫󣬰ѻȨһֺ˲ӵʱ䡣
ͨˣĥӦûԹȥˡȨǿĴڣûڵȴǳĺãԶһ׵顣
ӵʹ࣬еһһңɤӶˡ
龰һԵŶ̲ס죬ǵԼߵǲһ£һҲŰ趼ܸô죿
ȴǶԻȨĲҽһҲ⣬ֻܷйеԹ
ڰǵһսУλսҲûж˵˭Ҳ֪ж֪࣬񼸴ҹ˵ʱᡣ
Уһֱһɻ𡣰һֱΪλֵܱ
ڣڿԻȨˣȻ׷Źˣ˲̵ķʽԸȨƽϢеԹ
Ҳһӣһֱŷһ㣬˴һȭҾҪʮšҪöԷǧٱ
ԸʵЩƣȴȫֻͬǲ˺ԼˣԼ飬ʱں
һֺֻ£ȨĲҽʱֹͣҵĴϢ˼ڣȨæ˵ڣǵծӦ˰ɣ
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ɱҰɡȨſǻ˵ɲ뾭ǰհķȥԼܱϻҪңҪʹࡣ
ϱֻ⣬ȨҪȴйͷذ׵ʹѹͷһϣʹࣿ
ŻȨʱȨȫѱˮʪ͸Ĳһϣˣֻ
ǰȴ֮ǰѾ˵ˣڻɱ㡣
ȨһȻܣǾİɡ
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ûȨģǵ˵ͷԡ
䣬ٴξذףŻȨĽȥ
ͽֺͬͬķѵʱһܵʹҲһ
ոջȨھʹ͵֮£ûԼܲܳסĥ
ֱڰʼ뵽һ㡣
ʹ಻ܹܵ˵ġ
ȨֿʼҽС
һӺ󣬻Ȩжвˡظţȴֻгûˡ
ĥܲ˻ԣȴǺҲһ
˵嶼һܵļޣޣ˭
ʱ򣬰ذ׻ûиһ룬ȥòŵȵϣȨˡ
ע⵽һ㣬ȴû˵ѾѻȨ˰ãȻͲ֣ǰѻȨɱˣҲֹ
ǣȴĲϣȨˣбҪͻȨ㡣


499 ħ˵
ȨһûˣȻҲע⵽˻Ȩı仯
ͻȻͣס
ȨҲԼȥȨɡ
ҪɱһˣһҪɱҪĥҲ
Ȩڻб˭ڻûȨбծҪ塣
ͣסƬ̺ȴͻȻһ̶̵ذ׷һ貵Ĺâ˲ն˻Ȩһ˫š
һذ׼ΪѸ٣֮ǰȻͬ
ڵϵĻȨ̲סšһоһ˿áһ˿ѡ
ڽˡȨ죬
ĳҪǿʹ࣬ǺͻȨͬˣʱҲ˵
ոջȨӣôһҪˡû뵽ո֣ܹͣ˵
Ȼֻһ㣬㲻ܹġ
ڿȨˡ
Ȩ˵ЩڣҪ֪Ȩôڣһˡ
û˻شȨĻȨڵϣڵһŵҵڶûˣ˰ɡ
û˵ȴ˵ͷ
ǵģĻǾֻھɱ˻Ȩˡ
λˣȴûˡվ߲ԶͻȻ˵
ʲôˣȨתͷţţʲôˣ͸һʹɡ
ҡҡͷҲĥ㣬ֻе˶һ㡣
Ȩֳ⣬ȻѾûиղôʹǱ˫ţҲܡոΪʹʱ򣬰ͻȻĥǿҵ²Żһĸо
Ǹ˲һȨȻֿʼо˾ҵʹ࣬ʱͷǲܰһҲ벻֮仹ʲôҪ㡣ڻȨû˵ʱ˵ĻȨһŵ˼
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ŵͷŻȨλǻʿսǶػˣػʿȴΪ㣬ʹɢǲҪ㣿
ȨĿţһŷӦŻе˼Ѿܿٵ˼ˡ
ȨһôҲ㵽ҵͷϣǲȻͲˡ
۾𣬵ǳս㷢ģȻҪ㵽ͷϡ˶٣ֵҲĥ㣬ϾֻһˣҪ⳥ô˵Ҳⲻ˾һ˰ɡ
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ȴ˵һ죬һֱŵذױ㵽С
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ȵӦʱ򣬵ѵС
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գգۣڵ״ﵽʲô磿Ĵﵽػʹ
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ЩٲǽԸģԾĿħ͵Ϯ
һҹܿȥʲô鶼ûзֻͣûʱںڹսÿһҪ鶼ܶࡣĸµ£߽ȥн
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ԲɱԼҼ벻ҪɱҲܰͷԼĲϸ͵һҲĵط
ԿԿ϶Ǳɱġɱһħ
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ܶ˶뵽һֿܣħ񻯳ʿӻȥʿƭٺ⾳ľ٣Ȼ߽ڣûз֮ʱͻɱ֡
⿴һֲ²⣬Ǻܿ㱻񶨡
ΪĹϣʿ࣬иְλÿ˶ֻܴڸԵĵطߡ
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֤ǵĲֿʼھ֮յóһۣħǱȽҪĴڡ
Ǻ񾳶㣬һѾﵽػʹľ硣

ЩΨһһйػʹĴ˵
񲢲֪⴫˵٣Ҳûʹħ
ڰΪػʹǸܵ顣ħһһֲΪ֪İ취͵͵Ǳġ뵽ֽȥķ
ڵһֱͨ񣬾Ϳ֪Ľȥˡ
ĶһɿοǧǰĴ˵Ȼĵ˵ˡ
ڣԼеذף벻Ҳˡ
û뵽ֻǼʱ䣬ԼȻʶ˵еĴڡ
ĸӦöػʹľ˰ɣ񾹻Щԥаۿŵʵ֮龰ҲǲȷǵǲǴﵽػʹľ硣
Ȼ֪е뷨ְֻذ״ӰùѣһҲûġ
ذףָȨ壬һȥǳսĶԹͺˡ
Ȩ˵ֻһĿš
ȴǸûпȨеذֿ̧ٵ·ĻȨȥ


500 
ذ׿ݣһ䣬̽˻ȨС
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ȻȨѾûֺͽţò˶೤ʱ䣬ͻԭΣһֻ޵ģ
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ȨʹĿţжˣҲֻһţ㻹ҪôУ
ŵֻҪһһʵ˵֡
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ԴһҾƹݵϰųկĶҡ˵ڶˡȻʶǣȴ
ҶȨկĶˣܻйأϾɳλկģһСϵϰֺʲôϵ
ŵȻУųӣǶǱɱġ
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ſŻȨѾˣҲӦ֪Ŷԡ
ŵһ仰ȨһӾͷӦȫ̲סһȨڼϾǶڵ֮Լ˺£ΪǲҲ̶õʬ壬ԼҲĥϾĥϵ˴ʱվԼǰ
ȨĻڲŲ˵ţе˶ҵԭ򣬼ȻôĳɱҰɡȨֿʼȻҪȥ
ֻҪܹ뿪ȨġҲа취ٴλָᵽϵ£ȨһŵҲûˣҲ֪ǲŹԼġڲɱԼҲԼ뿪ġ
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䣬ҲȨشͻȻγڻȨСذף漴˿Χ˼£ֹס˴СвͣӿѪ
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ԻȨ˵һĿ飬ŵĶٿ죬ȨҲܹоʹࡣǴʱĻȨȴҽ
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Ҫһ˵ĴţȾͱҪʱĿռ
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ߵЦ˵ǶڵľףǻȨţ˭ҲҲط˶٣ֵȥɡ
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502 ٻ
ŸոմгžȻ˵Ҫȥ
ŵĻ㶣̲סΪʲôҪȥȻҪȥֳʲô
תͷ¾ȻʱлҪ˵Ӧ֪Ҫȥʲôɡ
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šŵ˵ͷȻȨһȻ˵ĺأûȻܷŹġ
Ȩûһգգۣô֪ûһذʺġ
ЦЦ£ļԺò˵ɭ֮ʱս𣿳¾ȻҲһ̴ʨʺʨȴһ¶ûС
漴㷴Ӧûһѣ±ɭַ顣ʱ¾Ȼոմ㱻µס¾Ȼʱȷʵһ̴һʺ¿ֻһĨʺ˿ڱ
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ոջȨڱ仯ɾʱ򣬻һѰذѹ¡˵һذ״ʺӦ̾˵ġȨΪʲôܹ
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ȵãܹٴα仯ΣôȻܹ仯ֽţܱһˡ
ԽüͷԽŵţǲ֪Ȩû
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ǵʱΪʲôɱҪٻȥƵʵ
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һŵذ״Сʱ¶⡣ھʹʱһֱۣҪ֤Լ֮ĶԹҪ̻ʱծʱǲţһ˫ҲᷢôĹ⡣
ֻҪʱΣ˭ܿȨҪŵ
ǣ֪ʲôأºͰλɲΪʲôҪ֮ΪʲôҪȥ
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ż˵һֱ룬ʧȥڵ£һֻΪʲôлŵҪ֪ڵҪĶͺһʧȥڵʧȥе
˵ͷǰҲ벻ͨΪʲôҪšȫʧˣҪĥһҪšֻõĽﵽ־ģһͨˣǸ޷ܵġ
˶٣ֵǻȨˣȨƿ̫أǿ԰ݶյˡʧȥһ˵ĴˣҪҪء
ŵ˵ͷҲôġ۴ķǣȨӦлŵŶԡȴţڱ仯֮Уʱǿ˸סذףǷǰذûдҪ
ȨΪʲôôأ̲סʵ
ȷʵﵽ˻ȨݵˣһӱʲôûУζӦûôŶԡ
ų˼Ƭ̵Ȩôлָķɡ
һڵûˣָܹ¾Ȼۣɭ꣬˽˲ȴҲû˵ûڵָܹġ
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գգۣӦҲֻĿˣȻȨסذײǷš
¾Ȼ룬ڵȨָضҪõСѵ֮Уʲôŵر
Ҫȥ˵
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ŵܼ򵥣ǲߣȨһҶҲͿȨҪʲôˡ
Ŷԭµ˵ͷ漴ͻȻʲôƵģɫ˱ãǶˣôʱ䣬Ȩ᲻ˣ
Ҫܡ˵ϾȨ̫ܵأǻȥˣûжôܿǾҲҪȥˡ
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504 ˮ̶
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507 
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תķΧҲԽԽСʹ֦ҶҲ֦ϡû֦Ҷ񽣣Ĳͬ
ż֦ܿҶʱƬ
񽣵ķԵֿġ
ʱ񽣵תٶȲǽϷɫâȴԽԽŨ
ⲻⱣһȣһӾײȥ
񽣵ľٶŵ̲ס
ȻϿȥռ˾Ϸ磬ȴֻ񽣻ԶԶĶ֡
ߵĲԲһ㡣
˵۾𣬽ĶɫĹâײһ𣬰ȰλѾߵ׼Ϊ֮ǰ龰ٴηＴֻһ޴С
ʵȴ˵󶼲ͬ
ûзκ죬Ҳûˮ׼С
ȷе˵ûײܡ
ûзִǿʼںϡ
ȫ֮СƬ̺ɫâʼ仯һ˵ɫ
Ӵ֮࣬Ȼɫһɢ
ɢٶȼȴͣ
ʱΧ֮һĹâɫ
һʱɫѾռ˴룬ɢٶҲʼӿ졣
ɣµ۾󣬼ǰʵڵһһǿ
±Ǻź壬֪ܲսʤһҲû뵽һһڵǿ׽ǿ
ڵմʱοԲһ񽣲
ȻĶйءˣڵҲѾ˲ˡţ֮󣬱Ķ֣ⵤʵҲǲСġ
ǰʱȥϵ⼸Ѿɫ͸⣬ԿŲľѾ˱仯
֦Ҷٷï֦Ҳٹ⻬
ǿʼήҶһƣ£֮У漴ʧ
ת˲ʧȥ˲ξͺ̻֮˲һŮһˡ
ȻˣǵӦһ
ԽԽʢۿҪɡʱм䲿λͻȻһĨ⣬֮ǰͷųҪŨɫâ
âһ䣬֮Уһɫ磡
һ˲䣬ȴѿ壬һԲε壬Ө͸һûһ˿϶ľƷʯ
ĳ룬ǰ˺һȱڣȫⶼͣƬ̣ûһ㶯
ҲֻƬ̶ѣһٺͻȻס⣬˲ͰΧɫм䣬ɫâŵֻɫĹâ֡
ǣİ¾ȻͻȻǰһҲ˵ڵһܹԹڵҲҪǧϵʱа
ڳ¾Ȼ𾪣µû̫⣬ǰɫâµҲûʲôֵģôһҹҲӦǧˣȻô᳤ܻôߡô󡣡
⵹Ҳǡ¾Ȼ˵ͷֻܹڵԲܹԸģĴ˵У˭ܹ֡Ķ𣿡
һⶼûСͻȻ˵
ڳ¾Ȼ¶ԻʱһֱȫעĶǰ
ʱɫĹâѾԽԽɫâȴŨȻվϷ硣
ڵȴȻӲ˱ɵˡ
һεɸ졣
һӵʱ䣬ȫʧֻ˸
֮ͬɫâʼСһֻĹ㣬Զɻص񽣽ϡ
ڹ񽣵һ˲䣬ͻȻɢŨ⡣
âһţɾһ˲䣬ԲǧķΧ
ڿתһȦ󻺻ɵǰ
ֽס⽣ǰûʲôֻܹͬо⴦һǿ˳ŽУͨŵֺڵӦ
ĸоһҲԼҪǿһЩ
֪ԼܷܲӳڵϵͻȻ뵽
뵽ʱžеĽǰȥ
ǿ籡ˮ׵ˮ涼˾޴Ĳλվվȡ
ǿҲֻǿվΡŵţڵϵ𣿡֮ôʣΪŸոջӳһǷɫâǷŨ⡣
ڵ
ҡҡͷҺڵȻ񽣱ԺҵȫںΪһ塣ǣȴҲܹǿһʵ
һ㶣ǰ񽣰γķ֮һʵҲûһɣѵڵѾ񽣱Ҫǿˣ
룬ͷӵġֻ񽣻ȫʣʵûȫӳܹȫγ񽣵Ļڵǲ񽣵ġ
šͬŵĻҲûϼȥǿǰѾͺͺʧȥȫϢľҪҵȨӦòˣֻǲ֪Ȩڲϡ


508 Ľ
µĻüͷͻȻ뵽һ⣬ǻȨϣô˸ոսڻܻ𣿻ʬ𣿡
ϸһ¸ոսΣüͷչȻոյսܹ죬ȴûײĳոյĽսֻ֮ɣӰ쵽ʵ壬ȻʱſήľҲˡȨѾûڵȻҲû˰ɫâѾɹȨһˣӦòɵڶΡ
뵽ˣٴδǰľǾʹһɣҲµĲһӦܹҵȨ
šλӦ
ÿ̫ʮٴηɢѾΧһȦһϷȥûҶӵû̫֮Ҫѡ
ߵľʮ˲ʱ㵽˶ˡ
һ·ȴûзֻȨ
վߵһ֦ϣüͷ𣬿µѵǵĲ²ⶼˣȨͲ뿪ˣ
ȴҡҡͷҲŻȨߵĸԶɽҲȥĵط
ɽûлȨҲûСѵĺϸԲκһطվİ˵
ŵ˵ͷǵģ˵һҲϸ̶ȣ˵һһСҲӹǵĶĿ
һ·Ϊ˲©κһطǰѾ
ǣȨĲȥ˱ĵط
ֻ²ţʵҲţǰλšǺȨжأȨܹ߶ԶܹѾһ漣ˣȨԲ߳ݴǧ֮⡣
ôȨڻأ
ϸĿΧ龰ǧ﷽ԲٲбĲ֮ˡɽѾѱ顣
Ȩ᲻棿ͻȻðһ뷨ֱӿԵʵ
棿λ۾Ҳûпܡ
ңβ©һط˵
λͷʮٴηɢϷ·ȥһĸϸÿһطŹֻ۾ãýŵţûпĵĵط
һľ͸ˡ
ˣŵĻȨҲֲˣ˻ǽһȥҲȨĻٻҲ١
һʱʮ˲֦ɣɵˡ
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ŵɫ˱䣬ǰɾĶ˽֮ڣҵħ顣
žҲһ
ţҾúпܡߴ֮ȻйŹ֡˵˵ʲôΪйŹֻ֣һָоҲֻΪͭŻĸо
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ϸĿ˿Χ﷽ԲΪƽ̹ƽһ峺ˮʹЩ΢΢ζζ΢վȣһĸо
ſλɣжڣҲܺ񣬴ûҪһЩһܴκһ˿
λͷ漴ɢȥĴûΧʱ죬һʱľмĴҷɣֱˮߡ
λϸִŵÿõСһȭȥ֮һĶ
龰̲ס죬ôʱҲȨλҲǱһӻ𣬴ʱҪй
¿λĶȴ¶Цݣͭȫͬһҵ
ǵϼµͭ˿õʯյģǸʱűѾڣҲƻ˷ĵʯǵ죬ȵһζڿŵʱǲŽȥġ
ĶȴͬĶȻľͷģ԰λﵽ񾳵ʵľͷͺҶ࣬˵ľͷͨľҪӲܶ࣬ڰλȭͷҲûʲô
һٿըǰ󲻹ǰӵʱ䣬һطͱ˸˺ϡãٿһĵƤ
Ȼ⻹ǰλΪСĵȫԸ˵ˣѾˡ
һźûкһңĽչаˡ
һ֮󣬰λһһβûϰӡ
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Ϊڶ·ԶһɫĹסһУ޷͸ǲ֡
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ŵ˵ͷߣȥȨ浽ЩʲôŹ֡


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ոǴ͸ǺͽӲĻǰԵֲסԼĽ
һΪʲôأԼıӣ˼Ƭ̺󣬵һҲֹĹǲͲֹ˽Ľ磿
λ˵ǻҲû˵粻ֹ˵ġǲֹĻΪʲôҪ½أ
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ŽעһͻȻŽ簴ȥ
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ִڽ֮ϣɫâһɿ绹һЩ赲ġǲǿ
˵ǿʱվһ⾳ˣôҲܴԽ硣
Ƕ˵赲һҲûˡֹţǰλҪҲһѵ顣
ŵֽȻһһԶԶ˽赲֮
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¾Ȼ֣һֱˮаΧԼѹڴͻȻʧˡ
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ܹҵǺѵã¾Ȼº룬һصĵطȻܹҵ춼ҪȨ
ҵһҲ֡˵ΪǸŻȨģ֪̫ˡƾײˣǾԲҵǻȨûˣ֪ˮ̶УҲ֪ڲڸҲϸˡ
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šŵ˵ͷĵǺģϾһȫİĵطȻʥѾռ򣬵ȴ֪ȻҲôݵĵԼȥˡ
Ų֪ʱʵһҲݣ֮ǰһڵʱһ˸ĺˮʹˮ̶֮ξκˣǾ˵ư˸֪һˮ˾޴ΣգòУȴһ취ҲûС
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УˮС
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طɶʱ֮·䡣½ٶȺһһ߶źĽ˵Сһ㣬򲻿ɴ⡣
һٶȻֻҪͣе׵ʱ
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ֲ﷽ԲڲȥԵɣĿռҪСࡣ
˸ҪԿΧһС
ʲôûС


510 
Ȩܿһ飬ôʲôûأ
ҲüҲͨͨܲǾͷ
ѾôΣҪεͨ𣿡
ţҲǡϸĿΧһƵĵطôʲôûأǻȨҲӦбĶŶԣû˭ỨôľŪһطȴֻѰɡ
µ˵ͷͬŵĻ룬µǲ©ʲô
ӦûС˵һ·ǶĺϸǴξ룬Ҳûд⣬ʲô߻ȨĻֵܲġ
Ҫôµһҿûͨ·
Ҳֻˡŵ˵ͷȻİλǺֻһˡ
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λѾʼҲһĦȭƱ
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ܹ࣬ܵڻкܺ񣬵ͨҲֻڿĵһֶѡ
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澹һӣдڴϣһ߰ɭɭʬǡ


511 Ȩ
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ǰļңһͷʨܹĵطһӣۿеһС
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ŵһͷʨӵȻܣһֻͿˡ
šµ˵ͷͨ޵ȻססŪһģȻˡŵʱסȻԭΡ
ŵ벻һֻΪʲôҪסһطôʵ磬֪Ҫǿ϶١
ҲΪʲôԭⶼһϵҲûУڹĵģûлȨ
ȨȥϸĴӡ
ȻξȫǷȴ󡣺ܿ죬ű㷢ڴһ϶͸ոǽʱǵ϶һȫעѰңһѱ˷֡
ﻹͨ𴦡תͷµȨһ档
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ŵ˵ͷٴƿڣ߽һ䡣
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ŵ˵ͷȻ֪ɭִ˽һʱ䣬ҶҲȻ֪Ҫ֮˲ͬ
֪ûȴֹ뿪ȻۻѰҵ䣿

ţΪʲôҪôʲôãȨ˵
룬Ҳ֪ʲôãֻΪʲôôҪţܾʲôŹ֣ԲʱŹ㣬ҪҪЩʲô˶٣ֵֻû뵽ʱ䣬ٴα仯˵ӣȨôģ
Ȩ۾𣬿ţֿߵ£İλһһɨ
ţҲܹܣȨкɻ벻ͨΪʲô·ϻȨȷʵŻ׷ڵ֮󣬻Ȩһ㵣ĶûˣܹҵҾҵˮ̶ҲûãžԲܴ
ŵһ̣ȨЩԼ۾ΪԼ˻þſ˵Ȩȷǰǲʵڵġ
۴ŻȨܹѾ֤˺ܶ顣Ϊǿҵѷҽ𣿡
Ȩɫ˱䣬ȴû˵
ֵһֱ棬֪ûзʲô仯أ
Ȩɫֱ䣬ǵģһνʱȷʵں࣬Ҳûǰ⻬ˡȨȴûоʲôףǰҲҲ̫ΪֻΪʱ䲻ͬ仯ѡ
˵Ȩ֪ǡ
ţһǲǷɱҲɣ
ŵ˵ͷɱɣҴû˵ҪŹ㡣
ȷʵ仰˵һҲ֮ǰУҲֻ˵ߣû˵ɱȨǸʱ˵ȨѾˣȴҲû˵ŹȨ
ţǵĳôҪɱҲɣ
ǵġһ˵һǰһֻһ˻Ȩǰ
ʱ򣬻ȨͻȻһߵĴµĴһӾͱ÷飬ͻȻͳȥ


512 
ȨͻȻͳ棬ӵ˶ס˭Ҳû뵽һ㣬ǾȨŶûü֡仯̫ͻȻˣһҲû뵽澹Ȼпռ䡣
ڻȨŵĴϣʱһ󶴣ⶴǻȨӲģǰеͨпȥ治֪жĿס
׷ȨԼƤܵˣһ˿ŭŶȥµ£ٺǰλ
ȻûȨôˡ
һ·½һ㱣ûУǰӵʱ䣬˫űȵʵء
תͷܿȥ֮һܴĿռ䣬аҵķԲ
ңǰɢҵķźܶǹꪸṳ桭ӦоС
ȴǶףͷ󡢻ϥȵȡг׵ģҲɢ
ұĵҩܽгֵģвֵĶС
޵ڵԱߣǻħˡ
ԵģԵġͽ׵ġн׵ġ߽׵ģʲôħ˶С
ֻȴûлȨ
һʲôĵط
סһУһʱ䣬žЩסˡ
ǰıǰűߵ߽ڵĵطոĵһۣű㿴Ƕϵļ
һѵ
ȥͨĽҲͨĵλûп⽣͵ʲôر𣬵ȴѿ
ǶʦȥǼﵩ֮Ķ͸һ㡣
ڽմһʱ䣬ĶǿǶʦʦ
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²죬ΨһһŻ²ˡ
ŵ˵ͷţ⽣ȸ߽Ҫöࡣ
ţȸ߽գգۣǵöʦΪԼĸ߽Լ϶ߣܹ߽ķΧôһΪԼģͬȼıʹõ񽣸ǿһЩ˶٣־Ų˵Ȼ˵ô϶һǳ߽׵ġ
뵽µɫͻȻ˱仯̲סֻǷ㳬˸߽Ĵڣ
ûˣֻǱͳ˸߽ףʲô
ŵͷǵġ
ͻȻѵ߽֮Ͼ˵ûбĵȼ
ٴεͷҲô˵Ҫǹǻֻ̫࣬ͨ
Ŷ¿ţûٹĴ˵˵£Ҳûм˽
ȴǡǡеһ
Ҳǲ֪ǰģڽص£յԭŵ֪ǰ󲿷ֵ顣
ǰֻһֱʥʹʥʹ֮ʥ顢ʥʥʥͽ
ʥʹʹõıĴǹ𹭡ӽټħӰĴ
ԶģϵĶҲմġ
Ǹʱʥʹ֮µʥʹõıûʥʹˣյȻΪ˶
ڵʱմµĶļȴҪڸ࣬ʱĲҲںáǰкܶĲѾûˣϡ٣ʧ֮ϣˣǽǰĲϣͲܶҲֻ߽ܶѡ
Ŷ񽣣Ϊסħǰûеطġ
ܵ˵ǸʱĲϺãļҲߣʱıҪڵĸ߽ǿϺܶ࣬ȴûʲôܹȵԶİǹ𹭺;ӽ
ڵͱΪʥʹ֮µʥ顢ʥʹõıͽ
ҲԣҲȨ֮ǰսʱõǱǰ
ĲϺûʲôǰϡȱ֮ȴһЩҪĶŶ֮ʱõѪ˿ͽߡ
δУҲеҲõЩȴûպõķʹý½˺ܶࡣ
ҲޱǿϣȫԳΪ
ֻǰڣʣµѾˣҲû˼˵˶١
û뵽Ȼܹһӿ
ǵģǰڰڵһѵǰ
ֶһУһֱӴӰݴƮǰ
ָֽ̧ϵǬָͻȻһâ㱻ָ֮С
ҲǲǬָеģĽϣ
ȻҲһЩʶҲҪʹãҪȴߣǧ꣬ûʺ֮ˣҲ
ֻҪٵģͻˡֻлȨӵһ񽣣ΪٽͣҲһΪġϾ˶
ܹѡлȨΪȨ˼̫ãմȾ̫ԭ
תȥûмȥѰȨ䣬֮УȨܣܵѾȷ˻ȨŵǲżˡոձȨƤߵ˿ŭ𣬴ʱҲòˡ
׵ĵطǺͱһĶһѣϣȴǶڰݴ
ʮֱԣµҲ
ŵ˵ͷͱһǰÿһս֮ʱҼףһ׿ףܹһ׼ޱȣּᣬӰ콻սʱٶȺͳֻ֡ǿϧڣûܹףڶ׶һķ֮ϻӰ쵽ֵٶȺ׼ȷȣںȫװսˡ
Ŷô˵׺ȸոǼҪá۾󣬵
šЦЦҲԥֱӰǬָٴתһ߷õҩĵطȥ


513 ܹһоɵ
ףõҩ֮ҩҷŵģһľܣľϷֳʮӣÿһװҩﶼͬ
ƿװҩˮҲйҩ衢ֽҩۡ
ÿһϣҩԱ߶һƤҩֺ;һһĸӿȥžԽԽľƤϵļأЩҩֱϡ䱦ܹκƵ֮ҩܹκμľ֮ҩܹ֮ҩܹ֮Ĵҩܹʱ֮ҩ
ߵĸߵǱߵĸӣſ˺һͣҲ󿴵İλµƤϵļأЩֱҩûбĶˣһ㷢طֱܱ̻ӾκˣҪôľҩˡ
µ˵ͷţ˵ͦãǲ֪ĻǼٵġҪҩһǳƿװŵģǿҲˡ
۾ҲһϾﲻ磬ʲô鶼пܷո˵ҲûеģȴĴڡɴ˿ɼƤϵļҲδǼٵġ
šµ˵ͷ֮ǰҲȷʵѾıﶼУܹҩʲôܵģ
ºͰһ˵һ߷Ƥʱվһڷһɫƿĸǰ
߹ĸУÿһӶڷʮƿ߼ʮƿҩֻӽڷһƿ
ƿӼΪ£ϸỬҲһʶ֮ˣֻƿӣҲӦһ۸񲻷Ƶı
ƿΪģװҩһͨ
ͣ½ŲϸĿ˿ƿƿԵƤϸĿ
һ·ЩϣƤеĽܶǼΪϸ´ʱȴ򵥵˼㣬ֻдһ仰ɵκν׶ε߷ú󣬶һȼ仰½ǣȴһС֣עͨ˷֮
ĽܣµֶЩ΢΢κν׶ε߷ú󣬶һȼ仰ʲô˵ĶģôԼŷúǿΪػʹв㣿
ػʹͺ񾳵ĵȼһҲΪͼм߼
źڱֻǵͼػʹǲŸոս硣
ػʹӵͼмԲһ׵飬ܿһҲػʹм
ȻڵѾûƣﵽ񾳣Իͨ˼䣬ղϡһﵽػʹ㲻֪ܹˣħǧʱ䶼ûѴ󲿷ֹԼ˺񾳣ȴɻĺܺá
Ȼʵ½廹Ǳػʹ״̬ŶӲʡ
ڲǰ£ź±ҲһﵽػʹмȻʱ䵥λðհˡ
ʱһƿҩµȻ̲סһѧ֮ûвʵģٵԳٵҲȫʵջ
һ׳ӣѲŮһֻҪûʲôëֻҪǸˣϾ
Ҳһ²һɣϵŮһϲŭ֣аҲ
ʱµ˫ֶЩһһͻȻǰ治Զźţ
ôˣͻȻЩĺһתûУֱӵű˻ֻһ˲㵽ߣŵĿ£ʲôˣ
˹ĵԼҿˣǱһɤӸŵģһʵ̫ͻȻˡ
Щ̲ס¶һ˿ЦݣܹоŶԼĵģһַĵĹػһҲ١
°еĴƿݸţ㿴ɵƤ˵ܹκξҩ
κξ磿գգۣȻûµĻæƤݸţŴ򿪿ݣ˼κŶ߰ɡ
ĺöǲ𣿡ЩƵĿţ̲סʵ
һ͵ȵèѾߵ£Ǻסջȥ㣬ϻؼеġ
ھָо
һ̶ȡ¾ãƿеɵкܶ࣬ʱӦеÿһҶһźá
ȴҡҡͷⵤǼٶ֪ôҳأ
ҳԣôҳԣƤϲд𣿡ͷŵ
۾𣬡Ƥ֤ʲôأƤд֣Ҳдġ
ǣո𣿡˵ϡﶼУɵҲǲܰɣ
ҡҡͷҲ֪ʲôطҲ֪ЩʲôռģЩΪʶȻ֪ġɵҲʶ֪٣Ȼá˶٣ֵҲϻκξɵ
ΪʲôƵĿš
ﵽľ磬ǷɵҲ𣿡۾˵κξ磬仰ìܣϵ鱾ûоԵģʲôĵҩһ㡣
˵ٴοеƿ̲סѵǼٵģ
ǲǼٵҲ֪˵ǲڷûȥҽ϶ϳ٣ϳһ˶٣ֵǲðա
ź˵ʱ򣬰λҲ˹ʮΧһȦŵĻǶڲסĵͷԶΣǸ˻ϤһУһΪʮڷַɵ
°ѴƿսָУҲеĵҩƤ
漴һ뿪ħƬȥ


ġ514Լ߳
ħˣ˵ʲôôûУﵽػʹľ磬ͨħ˸ŵʵϹ޵ħ˶С
޵ĵ͸ûˣҪǱʦãܹʵģػ˶Ҫ
ŻǰħȫԼҪõϣçܡ
ﵽ⾳ڵçȻҲܹԼʵٶȴҪǰ࣬ħʵȻܹ
뵽ç̲ס̾һľѾܹٴħҵƬ֮еħ޶䣬ӵħħޡ
ػӵػ޵ߣȻǵػûбѣȴΪħյӰ죬ʵ޷Ǻϵħһǿħˡ
Ǳ˱˵ػޣǵʵȴûдħĶֻ࣬ǱǰҪǿһѣһ㣬ȴʹ޷ҲΪһ㣬ʱ䣬ػػ½Ĺ֮һ
çΪϼ´صһħǷ£ʹçػ޿Լ
ħħ޵ħУħûκζܹģͿ߾磬ûĸħܹܾջ
ȫħػ˵жҪۿçķǷħı仯
ڰеħ˶սǬָžǾķ֣ħ棬һڵĻֻһű㿴⻨ħ͵ͭڿһģһ
Ƭ꣬īҪڵɫ
Ψһͬģ⻨ûһڵӡħ顣
һеħħ飬˵ûħҲһ
ϴΪ˱̻ҪѰħģħֻǸƷһΣŸûʲôħ飬ħҲһöûС
ڿħʱŵϱ¶Цݡ
һֱߵ£ħ˺ȻҲħգգۣЩƵĵôһħأ˵ħֻħŨĵط𣿡
룬ӦħŨ˰ɡôħ˾һ𣬲֪Ѿ˶꣬೤ʱ䡣ħûиյʱħҲ̺ħϾħޱǴħġôħ˶ѻĵطܹһħӦҲ֡
ô˵Ҳе¿˿ǰߵħֿ˿ŵħӦûʲôðɣô˳⸶أ
Цŵħƴػ޾ͿԼˣҵȻҪ˰
ѽӿ̫ˣƴСѩڿԼˡ
»ǵó֮ʱźԸȺķǣһս˶ˣѩԼ
ʱ»һֻӣ֪Լݡǵɽ˰µˣǰµʱºѩദĺǲ
ޣһֱһĸоϾҲһֻػޡ
ҲǣȻܺź塣ܹ˺壬Ȼػޡ
ֻػЩˣػ½ϳȨйҪһĸĴȫҲֻһˡ
ժħСսǬָУ⶯·ħ֮ǰҪ
վĴɨһ飬˶Ŀռ䣬Ǳһɨһա
ЩѷŵıǸ߽ʱѱλװǬָСһߵЩףλҲһûд
ЩҪװһ֧ϣô֧ӱȻǿޱȡ߽׵ı׶ź˵ûʲôãǶλͲͬˣǶһ֮ҲȫԼܹһ֧ӵõ棬ǱԼõһﻹҪ˷ܡ
Ŷһװŵҩľ⣬ʲôûˡ
ԭһƬռ䣬ͻȻͱЩտΧһҲһĿȻ
һֻһɨӣ㷢˲һĵط
֮ǰѷűĵϣʱǶһ
ⶴǸողųֵģȻλ߱ԲûпôһǿĻ¶õˡ
ףעλҲæ˳ŵĿ⿴ȥһ֮£Ÿ˶̲ס
ǿһӶ߳ȴһֱѰҵĻȨ
ȨոΪŵĴܵ˭Ҳû뵽ȻԼ˳һһš
Ȩߵĺܿ죬ֻգգۣ㵽ǰ
ţû뵽ôּˡȨãȫЦݡ
λŻȨʱӣǾǶЩסǶʲôݣǴʱȴûһܹµһֱܵĻȨΪʲôͻȻǰ²ȨϵЦΪʲôôŨôʵ
˶ܿĳȨЦǷĵģûа١
ֻǣΪʲôܹЦأţѵһҲѵԼܹսʤţ
ڵĻȨпȫֺͬͽڶĻ³һŨټЦݣǸһƿһеĸо
Ȩţλû˵ǶھĿţ뿴ȨΪʲôҡڵ߳
ҲϸĿ˻ȨðΣŵȨˣ
ȨЦŵŶΪʲôô˵
û裬ôԼܳһЦôģѵΪҲĶ𣿡ŵ۾ͻȻ𣬽ĿȨҲЩƣȻŻȨ裬ҪܵĻ֮ǰĥ¿ͷˡ
Ȩ۾Ҳ𣬵Ȼûаգôأ


515 
˶˼ĿŻȨ˭Ҳ֪Ȩ˵š
ţȻһⶼûУһ߸ϵӡܹóʵѾָܹսʤ
Ȩ֮ʵɲһ㡣
ʱȨȴǸ߸ϵվǰʱ䣬ִһĴ߱˸߸ϵĻʵۡ
Ȩţû뵽㾹Ȼҵû뵽㾹ȻԴӦѾûʲôܹԸˣȴģеĶ
ŶգգۣЩЦĿŻȨȨΪܹɱңǱɱܹٴλָ޵ˣ
ȨЦţʱ䣬ұܹٴδޱѵһҲô𣿡
Ҳ档˵˵Һ˽ܹôʱٴνȻǷ֮Ҳʲôֵ顣
ɲħħ޵֮޵
Ϊ˱̻ŴԨɻĿ̻֮һţʣµű¾ȻҪ߸Լޡ
޺ͻȨľһǰԼڵ˺ޱȴʹԼصޡٴνѼǲܵ顣ڷ֮̾ͱ˵ӡ
ۿһ˲䣬˴ʱȨٴαӣҲû档Ȼ˵֮ǼΪϡ֮ҲûУܹȻҲܡ
Ȩ˵ͷţû뵽Ķ˽⣬һҪ㣬ֻǷ֮ǿٴα仯ȴҪ½ġڵʵȫָǰҪǿࡣ㣬ûʲô棿
ٴҡͷ澭ôӣÿӵÿһŴ϶һʬǣҲµĲĻЩʬǶɡ
ȨͷûǶǽ֮ʱס¾
ŶΪʲôҪȹꣿЩɻʵ
Ȩָָ£ܼ򵥣ΪѼı֮ʱȻҪ쿴ŲŻ
ԭˡΪʲôôʬǣΪʲôôıʱռмȻˡҪ֪ǰʲô̫ϡȱ֮
ֻӦЩˡ
ȨǲǺٻָʵķͺһ˴󽱵ˣȫµ˶֪һȻ˯ǲǣ
Ȩ죬ûлشŵĻлģȨʱԼ˵һ棬Ӧñʷصġ
˽֮£ȻɽԽˮףֻһܹΪ˻źٴλָȨҲôܹһ㡣
Ȩĺһ߸˶֪Լжô˲뼴飬Ȩ͸Ǹˣ׷ɱҳ˵ʵҪ߳Լܶ࣬ͬʱǵԼʮĽȴ˶Լ£˭˵ġ
Ҳ񿴳˻Ȩеͷ㲻Ҫ˵Ҳ²ʵλָİɡ
ŶҲܹµĳȨŵĿŵҲܹ³ʵķţܹ˵ԣôҿԴӦ㣬ʱʹģԸ
ЦЦʵǲ֪Ϊʲôôɱҡһ²֪˶٣ֵʵҹ˺ܶڵԭɡ
ŶȨ۾󣬵ܲ³
ŵʵܼ򵥣УÿӶʬ壬ȴûһڵˣڵҲһʧĲŶԣȻᱣ
˶٣ֵһ˰ʮӣȴһڵҲûз֡Ȼұп㣬ʱڴϣʬԱߡЩڵǱ˵İɡ
ŵĻȨüͷϵЦʧĿţ˵û뵽˼Ȼϸ壬仯ܷ֡ûһһٶʮӣеڵѱҷáԣڵʵȫָһ˺ܶࡣţϾͻʶڵʵ״ﵽ̶ֳˡ
ʶЦЦͻȻȨ֪ʵΣ
Ȩɫ˱䣬ܿͻָȻԶԶ硣
ѾˣȨΪɱңΪվ˻㣿۽΢΢жЦ⡣ûȨʱʵǺЦܹоȨϢȻǰǿ٣ԶԶԼĶ֡ҪԸͲҪԼ֡
ʱеĽ΢΢Ŵʱ֣񽣱ȻֱӷɳԸȨ
ŽסеĽֻΪ˿ȨΪʲôԭŻ˵š֪ȨԼ߳ضҲ߳ɡ
ЦȨȻҲЦҲһЦţվ˵Ȼҡţ㲻ţھͿԴ̳еĽһǲܹɱҡ
ŶŵͷԼĽϸĿ˺һŵ̳ȨҲ˵Ļˡ
𣿡Ȩ۴ţҲеĽȷʵһýһٶʱղأȴûһȵеĽ
ţȷʵûС˵
ȨֵǾ㽣ٺã˲Ҳûá
˲УգգۣĿŻȨͻȨǼν֣ÿһλȨԼĶ֡ڻȨȻ˵ԼСźܲϲ֡
СȨ˵ҲǰУڵԲС
Ŷ𣿡ͻȻ䣬㲻һԣ
䣬еĽͻȻ̧𣬿ŻȨȥ


516 
еֱȨһ䣬ѵ˻Ȩʺ
Ȩһ¶ûС
ǲ룬ǲܣ
ŵĽ̫졣쵽Ȩûп壬ѵʺ
ɱ㣿ۿŻȨŻȨ
һ˲䣬Ȩɫ˱仯һֱЦʧֳĲţŵôܣôԴ̳һȨЩ
ûȨĻžҲֳĲţֵĿŻȨôΪʲôܴ̳һӦúʵ㻹ҪҲܶࡣ
ȨϵļһΪʲôڣ
ţգգۣҵô᲻أȨ⻰ʲô˼
ոǲǳܹһоɵ𣿡ȨûֱӻشŵĻͻȻʳһ⡣
㶣漴㷴ӦȨһֱڰпԼոóƿɵԼȥȨǿġǻȨԼ˵ʲôֻܿԼʮΧһ˭ˣһɵɡȨһҲ֡
ӻȨĻУȴһ˼
Լ˳ɵҡڵ˳ֳźͲһ
ȨΪʲôأ
תһףȨɵǼٵģ˲磬ʧȥһ
Ȩͷûеһжġסħ˻ġֻɵǼ١Ƥϼ˸ָɵġβġġ綾ģʲôĶСֻҪ߽ɵʲôˣƤ϶Ҫĵûֵܹסɵջ󡣡
˶٣ȨֵΨһֹ˵ĵطҵ˵ɵκλذã˭ڷĶĺҲһỳĵҩ˭ֻҪһܹҵʺԼĵҩûֵܹסɵջֻţȴףΪʲôһ鶼ûУеҩǶҩոǳԵľܹɥʧһĵҩȨ̲סΪʲôΪʲô㻹ܹ̳еĽΪʲôܴ̳˿һ
ǵڣȨҲ벻еԭ
ԭˡſȨ˻ȨԼ߳ԭԭ򵥵һ顣
ŵȨ㶼벻ʵܼ򵥣ǸûгνɵȻͲˡ
ûԣȨסһĹֿܣȴһҲûûгɵ
ڻȨϱûֵܹסЩɵջⲻֻ˵ģȨԼҲôΪġҲЩƤֶʲô
ǳջֻҪˣֻҪ;Եֵסĵҩջ
ȴûгɵ׿˵ģҲʵȻӦ˲ǡ
ţЩɵȻûһջ󣿡һ˲䣬ȨѾ֪Լ³ڣѾûʲôˣǸողҲҵԼģһȨôһڣٴԼܵȥڻȨֻ֪Ϊʲôûгɵ
ѵѾ
Ȩҡҡͷ֪ǲܵ飬ŸҲɱԼˡ
Ҳûкˡ
룬ȻûջˣЩƤᣬÿһֵҩһЩ
ΪʲôûгԣȨ㶵Ŀš
ŵܼ򵥣ҲǴһҲⵤҩ٣ȻҳˡڿҵĵǶԵˣǸոĳ˵Ļ»ͱӮˡ
֪٣Ȩǳ˳飬ЩײЩħ˺ҲΪʲôⵤҩ㲻ţʱĻȨѾ֪˵ʲôˣż򵥵һ䲻ţе⡣
ź˲һ˵ҩ⣬ʶеĶҲΪһ㣬ȨŴҲûŻ᲻ɵ
еһжģϡ֮˵˼άȻỳɽʣĵҩŶԡʶĶ֮
ƫƫ볣˲ͬʲô߼߼ʶȻģҲٲˡʶģžͲȥжϣ뷨Ҳܼ򵥣ЩȥȻ֪ˡеĶܹߣҲһʱ
ŵ뷨Ҳͳ˲ͬڵõһϡ֮󣬶ͱ˷ǶԼõĶ
ȴҲûҪЩɵû뷨˵˽ֻ뵽ɵһҪһЩǺӵбԼʵ
һֱһźͻȨԻ£ɫȴ̲ס˱䣬ʱ¿Ǻ²ѣոնֹȻԼһɵ˷ȥõģλҲǺһ뷨Ƕ룬еĶģɵȻҲġ°ɵָǣһ˵ĳȥĻڿ˶ҪȨɱˡ֮ǰֹʱ򣬰λлЩΪȻǶڰҲѡ
ԶԶԼ׼Ķˡλ
ȴ֪ʵûЩɺܼ򵥣ԼʶĶȻܺҾͳˡ
ŵĽֱָȨһ˫ҲŻȨۣڣǵӦˡ
Ȩ˵ҲڿţֻûЦ⣬ûšҲò԰ס
ȨŷŹԼ֪ǲܵ顣
żŹһҪӺˡο˻Ѿ˺ѡİˣ
Ȩ֪˵ʲôûá
ȴһ˿ʡ
Լܾ޴ʹ࣬Ѿǧȴڸոջָʵʱ򣬾ȻҪٴ
˭ĵġ
Ȩ˿Ȼſ죬Ҫ˵ӡ
ǣſ󣬻Ȩȴһ仰û˵
ĿоͻȻһ⡣
ڵһĻٴݡ


517 Ŀ
ȨʺסֻҪһ㶯еĽԴ͸ʺ
вȨȴɸ칥ԭֻһΪ
ʺǻȨ֮˵ŵĽ̴ʺȨҲ֮һذ״̽ȨţȨȴɻš
ڣһĻٴηУȨÿڹţʱεѾնȥֽţֻпڿáһλȨڵģһµΪѾ㲻ȥǵľʵ̫ˡ
һһȨſڣ³ֻڵ
ʲôڵǻȨǿĹʽҪڳ䲻ɱţֻڵȨĹֶΣ˵𵽰áοŵĽʺ£ȨҲòĹֶΡ
ǻȨȴ֪ǰʲôֶζûá֮Ĳ̫ˡңڵĹǶԱ˿ܻвǶ˵ȴûвһ֡
ŵĿǡ
һӻȨֱŵţΣźֻѡһǶ㣬⻯ȨĹһǰеĽ̽ȨʺʺܿܲǻȨ֮ǴУҲԻҪ˻Ȩİ
˶ڿţλһ֣أȴһҲġŵģΪŵʵȫһ
Ȼû׼ȨҲ͵Ϯɹػʹ磬ǱܵķӦҲױܿȨڵοĹѾǻȨһˣŵȻܱȨˡ
ʵҲȷʵŵȴ˵ϡ
żûж㣬ҲûаеĽ̽Ȩʺ
ڻȨڵ³ʱžͻȻɿŵ񽣡
ĶֻǰλǻȨסʵ벻ΪʲôͻȻѽˡ
ԼóǿĹԷȻǿı
ǿԼĽʲôⷢ
ʯ֮䣬Ȩ޷˼ٶ⡣ֻһ˲䣬ͻȻһ˿ϣ
Էû񽣣δܹԸԼڵڵԼѾǰͬˡȨġ
ǽ飬ȴûȨһ˲
ڵڣɽ⼸ͬһʱеġ
Ȩŵľܽ£ڵһŵš
ȻŶ㲻¡
Ȼȷʵûж㡣
ڵȴûлš
ڵ뿪ȨĿУӦÿǰʱȴͻȻ˶٣漴ת˸һȥ
ţǰ飬ȨʧɫƺʲôǰȣȨڵŪģܲš
Ȩæ˳ڵɳķȥȻǰһŵǱڵԶһȦŨɫâ
Ȩûпʲôʱܵһȥġ
ʱ򣬻ȨͻȻоǽһǿϵԼڵ񽣡
ȨһæþڵعԼ塣ǽȴһôҲûУ񽣵ٻ֮ҪϺܶࡣڵ񽣿ȥֻٶһЩ
һĻǰȫһлȨǱȥڵġ
ʱ䣬֮һٶڵٴλָĻȨȻٴͬĳ
ڵʧȥĻȨ֪ûа취ٻָˣŲɱԺҲֻһͨߣͨħ޶򲻹ˡ
飬Ȩٴη
뵽ˣȨȻԼڵԾһӾ͵ڵǰſ죬ȻһھͰڵ˽ȥ
žվڻȨǰӻȨԾԼڵŶھĿţһûж
ȻΪȨĶ̫죬Ÿû붯
뿴һԼ񽣻ôԸȨŻȨĶ֡
֮УȨӲܶԸ񽣡
ڵǿ̽еĻȨ£ԼǿĹھȻߣֻҪڣҲٰڵ³ˡ
ڲڵ£ԼЩʲôأ
һ̣ȨһУӽ󣬻ȨҲûйĸоȥػһ죬˳˳ˮõλãûоʲô̫ĲۡϹԺ󣬸Ҫ÷Ҫ꣬˵ȨһֱĺܺáûţȨܿһֱôĻȥ
ûţô飬⼸ػȨҲ¡ƾʱԿҲа취ļͻȻʧ
ֻҪȨһЩʱ䣬ͳػ½Ҳһܵ顣ԻȨ˵ҲĲѡ
ԴţŽԺ󣬻ȨһԸͶӰ
Ȩ˵ŵĲңͬҲǻȨĲҡ
ΪţȨʧԼĳ漴ǳصıûй°ǣʹԼԪˡȻʵ½ҲһС
ҲΪţȨĴӪ򱻽ڵʥŪԼһɥȮĴ
ʱڿŻȨɷɫĹâ
Ȩǲ֪Ҫôźá
ţɱҶ˵ʲô壿ȨͻȻת˵ĽΪ¡ҲĽһĸáţֻҪ㲻ɱңҾΪĳ㿴
ûȨĻգգۣҪҵĳ
ǵģʵҶȰҲκһ˲Ȩ˵Ľ˵һ¡
Ȩǵڻûзôܻȥڶ˵ʱȴûע⵽Զ񽣽ϵԽԽŨʱŨ˫޷ӵǿȡ
ڻȨ˵Ľ˵һ¡ʱû˿Ƶ£Լˡ
µ˶һǽŻȨȥ


518 Ҫ
Զһ䣬ѵ˻Ȩǰ
ֱʱȨŷ񽣵ı仯㣬ȴˡȨֻԼȫϢѹƣʱǷӦٶȣҪ½ܶࡣ
Ŀǣ޵Ŀǡ
һĽ¼ûеڶڵΪϵҲûͬʱӵнߺ
Ѿ˼롢ʶȻŹֵһڵȻڵǿıǰǲܽģǱ˳Ϊܹıˡ
ǰ⣬Ȩ˫۱ϣʹٲʱҲǺް취ܲܶһİɡ
ڻȨ˫۵ʱͻȻоʱҲóٶһ˲䣬뵽˺ܶ飬Լ뿪磬ԼһϹıһݳľЩڻȨп
ͻȻһҪʱ̣ܶһ˲㹻ˡҪ뼸飬Ҫһʱģʱ䣬ԲӦÿٷһ
Ȩ˫ۺȼֵ࣬ǣǱȴȻûǰڡ
ţô¶Ȩоһ˿ԣæٴΰ˫ǰȥ
ֻһۻȨ㿴Ǳ񽣣ǽȴƶ˾ֹ
ʱѵС
ţץס˽ȨЩɻʵ
ȴ˵УͲҪ֤Լ
ոǽٶǳԽһּޣȨҲûмôһ붼ûϻ˰˿ٵһӲס
Ҫʲôֺʵܹػʹ״ﵽһĸ߶ȣ
ȨǵҲ벻ػʹʵжǿȻʦػʹľ磬ǻȨҲûпǵʵǸͲҪ֡
ǰǻȨʦ¡ʲôûСûйĶǣҲûжԹɱ
˵Ҫɾ࣬ȻҲҪչʾʵˡ
ʱȨеĽһ飬ԼʲôķҲ˵ŵġʲôƭԼǰڵǿͻȻϮ˵һöСûзһʵϵľ޴࣬κη޷ֲ
ȨոһٶȣԼһ꣬Ҳδܹÿ
žȻֱֻץס񽣡
Ҫõһ˫۾һ˫ֲУ
ȨŵʵסֱʱĿʵһԵǻȨȴû¶⣬ֳһ˿ϲɫ
ץס˽ǾԼһԼţûбҪץסˣոһȫɱԼ
ţǲǶҵĻȤˣǲҲĽˣȨͻȻʵŵĻشȻǡǡ֡
Ȩȴû뵽Լ֮žҡҡͷҴҲûҪʵۣͲҪοҵĳˣҪ¹£ҲҪһҵĳ
ŶȨ㶣û뵽ŻԼĬƬ̺󣬻Ȩֵ㲻룿㲻룬ΪʲôôĽػ½ˣ˵㲻ʵۣ
ǵģһҲ롣˵ҵĽǧĴУ˭ı䲻˵ʵΪҪ¹²Ϊġػ½һϵûСҲ½ĻʵۣҲʵۡ
Ȩüͷϵ˿Цʧĸɸɾźһŵô˵ɲŹˣ
ȻŵҴҲû˵ҪŹ㣬ҲҪŹ㡣̻꣬ʱ䣬ҪŵͻȻ䡣
ȨǶ˶ϵļⶼһҭһȨſ˵ȻɲŹңΪʲôҪץסȨָеĽ˵ʱЩ˻ơ
ץסΪĶԹҪԽ
ԽȨĿŵô
룬ַһǺɱһܾĥȥһǸʹ죬ʹ֮ǰѾһĥˣҿԲĥ㣬ķڿԼѡ񡣡
ô˵ұҪˣȨ۾ĸ
˭ԿȨˣĺˡ
һ۷ǿߣͻȻҪжǻһЩġ
οȨͲֻҪһ˿ϣȡڻȨ˵ֻҪܻţֻҪܹӹһ٣ͻкӹ
ǣŵĻȴ˵úܾûһ˿͵ء
ѾĺȨַֻʽѡ񣬶ѡֻṇ̀ȴܸı䡣
ֻ
ֻлȨˣŵһ㡣Ȼÿ뵽̻ӣŵľͻܺóʱ䣬ÿʱžͻԻȨһЩվ쳤ۻ£ŶԻȨĺѴﵽ˱ҪԷĳ̶ȡ
ûȨĻźԥĵ˵ͷûܹȨʹ죬˵ѾǷ⿪ˡŲһ²ȥֵˣϵĥҲзݲ룬óģȻҲǰôˡ
ݴׯ߳ڣʮʱ䣬ʮѼǲԼɱ˶ˡ
ɱ˵ʱҲûһüͷ
ҪɱȨȻҲһŲ飬ҲῴȨֳӾͷ
ŵŵı飬Ȩܹо˵Ķġ
ȨͻȻһɴδйǿҾ⡣ȻһֱŶ˵ҪɱǻȨȴǾԼԶŶţȨҲûô£ƾԼһ죬ŲҪԼĽҲһԼ뿪ġ
ֱڣĸо˺¡
ţ㲻ɱҡȨͻȻ˵һõˣֻҪߣһܶ顣㲻ʵۣҲôҿĸࡢİ֡һ˵Ȩһ߿ΧĽǵÿһˣû㡣
šȷʵ˵ǣ㻹Ƿɡ
䣬еĽͻȻֵڣֻҪ˵һ仰ѡ
Ȩһѵͷ
ţɱңĲȨѴſ޵ζ
ҡͷȨشԼҲʡ
˫ͻȻеĽȻն£նȨͷ


519 Ľ
ºͰλĿţǶû뵽˵־Ͷˡ
ȨΪŲôͶġеʱ䣬еǾ
ȨãӦȤԼ˵һģԼӦûлᣬֻҪһĶпܱס
ǻȨȴû뵽ǰһ̻Լ˵ЩоţһеĽȻ£
ȨһֿûС
㲻ҲмܲˡȨֻһ漴ʧ
ȻȨ͸оԼͷһ
ȻǻȨ֪ǱԼͷġ
оӦǽķ硣ôĽȻһ硣
Ȩȥ赲Ľȴû̧ܹͻȻԼһûˡ
ֹĻȨͻȻͿѪԼѪȻֿ˽ŵĽ
ԼǰȨֻͰؽϷ
أ
ȨѾ޷ˣʱǱѴͷͷѾֳƬ
ûܹŪͷֿһ˲䣬Ϊʲô˻˼άȻֻǶ̶̵һ˲
ȻֻлȨ֪Ȼ֪ͬʱȨȻܹԼĽܹؽȥˣ
ֻ˲ܹ֪ǰһ˲ı仯ȴ޷һ˲߻ˡ
ˣҲû֪һ̣˶ῴʲôʲô
ЩѲӦ֪ܡ
ŵĽȨͷֻţٴŶ£ֱɼ䡣
һӲѻȨ롣
һҲԣûûȨʹࡣ
ǵģȨһҲûиоʹֻоͷһһб㶼ѽ
ءҰĶѽ
ΪܣǲŽ𣬻Ȩܻĺܺáܻᴴһ񻰡ͳһػ½ԻȨ˵ǲܡ
ӦŵģҲӦúԣĻܶ˵ҲֻһöӶѣϻӣֻһʱѪ֮䲢ûĸ֮飬Ҳûʲô̫ϵ
˵ҪΪӱֻΪʵ̫̫ͨƽˣȨûаŵһ飬Ҳ벻ᷢô¡
ΪţгȨǳصıû°ǡΪţȨŻҪԸǸʱﻢ¡λ˫˫սػͬһ
ǻڵĻܹػ벽ҲܴҡڵĽػ֮
ûţһжᷢȨڱȻǺúõĻţĹ
˵Ȩһһ£ΪС
ֻǣȵԼ˵ʱһȴѾˡڱ̻񹭵һ̣ȨĽֱѾע
ߵˣֻ
˭ߵˣ³ֻһ

ȨˡڵӷֿйûеϣֱӱŵŵĽǿһû뵽ġ
֪ȥʲôӡҲ֪ǿɵ㹻ǿ֮󣬻᲻᲻ԼĿƣ
ڣʱ⽣޷ƵļôͣȥŲ֪ʲôĺ
һ˿ģһĽ
һֿ֮ӻȨҰľܿóڵʱȻҲɱ֮ɡôһȵſƲ˽ʱ֪⽣ʲô顣
ãϵࡣɭ֣ŻҲû˵𴦻ĴڡڣޣѾʮʥ𡣶ɭ֣Ҳֻкޱһѡ
⽣Ҳ޴ɡһ㵹԰ġ
ϾֻǽһֹſɲԼĽһʱĻԼĿơĻҲ̫˵㡣

е˽ᡣ
ºͰλľô飬ķôʱ̤˹;
һ·ǲ㼫ǰͣסȥơ磬ˮˡ
ȻͣԭΪҪˮУΪǰĽ硣
ϸĿ˽һŶߵµʲôԭ򣬻γһֵĽأ
ҡҡͷ֪ҴҲûмĽ硣Ԩ֮ӡôǿķҲӲʧ³ȴǲôָܹôҲ벻ôֵ飬ôܹóһ˶٣ֵںܺ棬ĵһʲôˣڻ᲻أ˻ڵĻһҪȥһҪⶫôŪġ
µĻһҾ粻ŪģʲôˣӦҲŪֵһҪһ㣬Ҳܡ
Ŷ㶣ŵŪģôܲŪأѲ⻹ȻγɵĲɣ
ȻҲȻġŵﵽһͻƿ磬һ󣬽ֻԶָȻǹ̶ġ̶һҪãЩҲԷġ
Ŷգգۣţ˼˵ĳֶܹͷӶ磿
ҲȷȤĻǿңԴͷ˵
šʹ˵ͷǾҰɣҪǲŪˣҪ˯ء
µĻźͰλ϶¶Ц⡣ǵ鶼ɣҲûҲȨʱֽ
ţŵĴҲûɹؼҺúסһЩʱ䣬Ȼȥԭɼ¹ݡ
¡ϱ̻붼һĵ顣
̲סֳЦʱºͰλѾ˳ŽıԵ˹ȥ
ֻ£ǰλҲܺôγɵġ


520 ʯͷ
ºͰλŽıԵȥǿɲܻ᲻Ūˡ
ǴģΪҵԴͷŽıԵȥǰӵʱ䣬ôһ룬ŸһȦ
ڷȻҲҵ˽ľͷ
ڿıԵ󣬰λûͣǼڣڽľͷڳһ׿ܹͨʹǶ翴ø
ĺʹ汻סˮŽͨ
ǰλ飬Ȼ׼ڻûпڵʱ򣬾Ÿ˱Ѿú˾ŸסԼ塣ˮһӰҲûУеĹûͣ
ûвμһֱվ·м䲻סɵЦſɾûôˡ
ǵģɱ˻ȨžһֱЦ³ЦΪɵЦ
ʱӶǴȥԭκ۾ŻһۿԼʲôķӦ
һҲ֪µ˶ʲô֪ͷϵˮͻȻ
ǣɵЦűµˮһӴϣǱ޴ˮףҲǱַȥģˮĳ£һĸȥġϵ·һ˲䱻ʪ͸
ȻֻҲûʲôùǣͻȻ̲סĽһոʵ̫Ҳ̫Ͷˣڻ֪ʲô¡
ȻҲΪûΣյԭвϢͻȻߣһܹġ
쾪еʱ򣬾޴ˮĹ
ʱϷµ˶Ѿܵ˽·һˮûС
λ¿ŵӣЩ㶡û뵽žȻᱻˮߡ
ô£ʹգգۣˮûбܿ
ڰ˵ʱѾͣס½ӣͣסȻϰһӾʹˮг˳ת˲µ˵ǰ
ۿţֻŻ¶ʪ͸ͷˮҲЦģվס̲סոʹűˮǺˡ
һԲҪˮǴŵı˳ɼոһ¶˵ʵᡣ
ˮȥӱӳҲ˰ɡ
龰̲סЦ´ҲûзȤ飬ѾﵽػʹţȻᱻһˮӡ
ͨʱºͰλûиע⣬ҲͲҪߡ˵ŵʵǰλеκһҲᱻˮ嵽
ŵԭֻһûиоˮϢϢ˵ʵ΢Ϊ»أһû⡣
Ǳˮһ½кֱˮǺˮҲܰųȥԶ
±ˮһӳӰ٣ֻʪܵܣбһ˿ŭּЦ÷ŵ˵ۣſڱҪº
˭֪һ죬ûзһˮ
Σ˵£ǰλ̲סЦ
ſܿˣôˮֱӹҲ֪˶٣ոڳʱ̫ûоʲôȴˣֻҪһ죬ˮ
ֻöͣĿȣпȳˮаͰðŲվһڣŪǱᡣ
ͬʱĻ£ЦġЦһ㶼١
ſһܵϵˮ£Լֳ壬·ˣŲܻ
ºͰλҲ̫ˣҪˮҲǰһ
λ̲ס죬û˵
һЦŵţػʹǿ߰ôˮҪ𣿡
ǳ˳飬˵ʲôǿ˿£ȴʲôҲû˵˵һҲƾԼľ磬ˮҪѵĻǼֱػʹʵˡ
˵ˣǻ˰λеһ棬ˮһҲѵģǲҪ顣
ţոյʲôһֱɵЦͣȻˮȥ˶֪Ų˵·ˣŵ
ŵ࣬ʲôһʲô㡣
ңʹգգۣϵЦݸŨոһֱң
Ȼˡ˵ģȴûˮ
е㲻˼ĿŵţǲǲӦôЦ
ȻӦáŶҪˣҿ˵ǸǻôЦˡ
Ѿס˵Լ˵Ǹ̲סЦ˳
㻹Цŵ۾
㹴Цġ۾гһʵ̲ס
һԵİҲǿЦ⣬òȥˣ˶ĻûʲôԼ˸·ǵñ˲ɡ
Ϊ˲ԼˣæǰĸڽıԵѾͨҿǻǿ絽Щʲô֮ɡ
ŶѽһŪҶ˽ˡ˵
⻰ôЩԾءСš
ǳʱҲֹͣ˶ԻŴһŽıԵȥ
ߵԵ˳ڳͨߣȻǿҵˮ£Ƕŵ˵ȴһϵûУոűֻ˵ѡ
ԵŽıԵǰߣû߳һȭͷСɫʯͷŵע
һ⻬ʯͷʯͷɫǽĹâһģһʯͷҲڷ⣬ϵĹͽһģĹâʯͷһ
ʵҲˣǰСİʯͷС
ץʯͷŻһʯͷͽӵֱӼôס
ʯͷӲӵץ𣬺ͽһĹâҲųϡ
ϸĿеʯͷŷԼȴǴҲûмʯͷ
תͷĽǣŵʲôʯͷ˭
ǰаʯͷϸһҡҡͷûм
һ˵һ߰ʯͷݸ˳¾ȻʯͷܿڰλдһȦֻصС
ǵĻشȻһ˵ûмʯͷ
ţ۾գգСĵİʯͷսָУЦǶʶǱˣһҪպòС
ţպպáǱæͷ˵
Ž翴ȥԼʯͷ󣬽羹һЩְַڽϰ˰ֽĵֿҲ½һЩʯͷӦġ
绹ڣ֤ﻹʯͷ
һҡ˵ڣҲŨȤ
ֻǼʯͷ㹹һĽ硣ʯͷʲôʯͷʲôôΪʲôԼЩ˴Ҳûмأ


521 뿪
ŵΧŽתһȦҵ˰˿ȭͷСɫʯͷѵڰ˿ʯͷȫʱǽʧ֪ûʯͷˡ˿ʯͷɵġ
ʵһҲϡ飬ħеõķ󷨣ħ˲óɷǳصĽ硣СС˵ֱ΢ˡ
Ÿоϡģֻʯͷûмġ
Ѱ˿ɫʯͷȫսǬָŵ߰ɡ
šµͷӦ
һ˴гˮ̶Ϸȥ
ȴǼʯͷһһ˵ʲô˲õǸأôʯͷеأ˺ܳʱ䣬ȴҲ벻½֮ôʯͷ֮ڵġ
ȷʵǺܲ˼һ顣ǿ߾Ӷ࣬һţ˱ԼʵߣҲš
֮Ȼкܶ಻ĸˣǺһ顣
ôߵˣҲܰʯͷаɣҪôܹأ
µĻҲǸʯͷʱһСɡ
һСԽˡСʱ򣬰ʯͷɣôڳͬʱȻԼѱٿ޲á
ǴͲˣڸոʯͷĲλɵıԵҲҪǸλ÷ʯͷȻҪŪһĿӲСǶ˵ôĴǲлָġŵʯͷܣûзĺۼ
Ȼǰˣ²⣬Ҳ޷ȷĴ𰸡
һ·ϣûö೤ʱ䣬ˮ֮ϣŲŸմˮһֻʮֻĺ˵ǰ
ȻһֱڰߵȺŵʮ⼸Ŀˡ
ˣڳˡƶҪ˵ӡ⼸ʱ˵֮ǰһʱҪѰŸո뿪ΨһҪţǾ⼸죬ͰŸŪˣ֪ҪôźãųԲա
ţû£㵣ˣ˵ҲóŵжൣġһССˮ̶ȥ˾û˭ţһἱòС
Ż䣬һͻȻ𣬡ⲻﻹҴأǴӰմģŲҪѾˡ
ʥֻܷô
˸ողų㲻֪춼ҪҼˡеľɵ˵
ţһеĵ¶ѳ˹ȥһµĸܣоԼҲûлɹ
Ż治һˣܰ˵ĸѡʱ䣬ѾʹûʲôˣһֱǼΪƽġȴû뵽ֻôʱ䣬ΪˣʹԼϲŭֶˡ
ʲôⶼ˲ųȴڲ֪ͨңеʥһ漴һɽͻȻֱӾǰˮϡ
ʥ޴ƴͻȻȻˮ
žʥʥǱġǣˮֱӱ㽦һͷһ֮ǰľһûпھȻǵٹһˮɡ
ʥȴǸûЩ󣬱һ˫޴ۿţһŵʥӭˣ
ʥ˴Ķüһʱӭ˵𣿡
ţƣʥ㶣Ȼ֪бˮˣڶˮС
ʥΪԼˣǵƬ֮ʥʱ㷴Ӧ˹æˣ𷣣
ʲôˣգգۣ˵Ϊ㽦һˮһϵûС
ʥһֻǰצԼͷ̲סСɾͲܿƵˡȻֻʥԼСŵǺģûзǰѶĿܶС
ʥӣ̲סЦ˳Ҳû
ûˣͻȥɣҲҪ뿪ˡͻȻ˵
ҪˣʥıСˡ
֪Ҫߵģն˵ʥûп˵Ļǵǽʲôѣ˲Ҫ˵֪ͨǡ
ţһġŵͷ˵һٻģǾͻؽذɡ
ǻһΰɡ˵
ԣ˵ȡʥ˻ξ޴ͷŵˣһ̡
գգۣ˰ɣô룬ĻõͰ
Ӧġʥ˵
ǺáʥִҪҲپܾλ֣漴㵱ϵ˾ıϡ
һҲ
ʱ򣬰λ鶼ܼ
ζû뵽顣
˶ãʥӴȻһ𣬱ɵ˿Уֱƶˡ
оԼɾǲһ̲ס˵
ֻǰû䣬ƶ˵ʥּ׹£ת۱䵽˵֮ϡ
ˮ̶ȵľʵ̫ˡ
ֻǸо˲һȴûϸܲһʲôطѾʯǰ
ʥŶ˻֣ǻȥɣˡ
šһҪǵãѣһҪ֪ͨǡ
һŵ˵ͷºͰλ߽ʯݡ

վڵĴǰϤƣ̲סһ󼤶ʱֻϻصǣԼһٷʢ硣
񣬴ػľػͽˡ彫ǾͺͰһػ˵ٻؼ֮ǰðѼλźá
ǣλͬʱӦ
ŵ˵ͷֿļλǻǻȥԼĹҰɡ
ǣɵ١ҲͬӦ
ֿϹٺͳ¾Ȼȥ
Ϲٺûбʲô飬ϹˡѾкܳʱûлȥˡ
áŵͷͬ⡣磬ȻҲҪѽˡ
¾Ȼأʵ
һǡ¾Ȼ
ʵҪʣҲ֪¾ȻĴ𰸡޶ǣֻҪǿȣ¾ȻȻȥĵط
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С¥˽Ԭࡣ
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ֻԬ಻ϰߣçҲϰߣС¥е˶ϰߡ
ϰߵȴ룬ǰķʵ̫ϤˣҪԴһߵһӡ֪Ĳ֪κһ˵ķṹ
ƾų˵͸ӦС¥оһˡֻҪС¥֮ڣ۾ҲûκӰ졣
Ƕǵ˽ĽУ뾹ˤ˺üΡ˵̫İˡ
ǣԬٽһǰһС¥
ǣһС¥С¥е˺ģԬһǵǶ˻ҪߡѾ𾴵ˡļȻҲܵǵء
С¥ǰһСԺСԺǰǼŷ
ǰŷҽݵġȴûпš
СԺдʱվﳳܡ
һӽʮ˺һʮ˾Ůڳܡ
Ůܴ˵С
Ůǿƣ˺ί
С¥ڵԬ˲ÿҲ֪ܵ˭çС¥оԲеôġ
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мûħޣҲûޡʲôûмһ
ڰǻҪƣÿֻʣºçˡ
çƣڰǵʱû¶˻ȥħޣȻżҲᳳһأԲ춼
Ҳǳ˸ӰѺӵ˵ô𡣡ç޵˼ˣ໨ɻеԷء
üͷĽģ㻹ǲԼˣһҺС˵־ӶͲԣ㶮ҵ˼
ç컹Ѱƻӵأô˵Լԣ
ʲô㻹˵ң۾ɴ󣬵ƻΪƻˣܳˣ㲻֪𣿡
ǣƻ˲ܳԣҵҺ˾ܳ԰
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ҲçһʹĿ֪˭ǲˣç˵
ǲ˵ǽ飬ȴ˷ˣ֪֪СΪ
СˣСˣçؿڣһﶼС
çҾ㣬вԼˣûç˵Щʲô
ç̾ϢһðɣҴˣҳϡ
ϻôǿç̫ɺˣҪ㵥
çһ̾Ҿ֪˵ô죬ôಡĿĲŰһ١
ç̧ͷյƣǵģΪʲôϳһŮˣ⽫һ˵Ļ˻õù
åŭˣͻȻǰһһѾץסç·һᣬçȻԭתȦçֵĺ졣
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ոƿţ㿴ç˦˳ȥɰѿ໨ʵŵòᡣȻʱҲǿ໨Ҳûмĳ档
໨֮ˣѧ;磬һҲ
ʱۼçһӾͲ֪ȥˣ໨ʱͼˣϵˮʱ˳
Ǻŵŵܵǰһקס·̲סôԴçⲻҪˤ𣿣໨һ˵һ߿ޡ
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֪Լһͣɶǿ໨ĹͰ
ЦôЦ𣿡໨ȥˣʱðˤɶ
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𣿡ı֤໨ɫźһЩԾǰŰɵĿǲţһ˱ӵȥӰӶˣȻһҲûУ
Ȼˣɩʲôʱƭ㣿Ϊһ˺ç𣿡
ţǵҲǡ໨˵ͷ漴ҡҡͷҲܣһҪçһС
áãϾȥҡ໨һ֣϶ˣĻҷ֣ԬͺС¥߳ҪԼˡ

ʱ䣬çȴǺ⣬һҲûãԼ֧ǰȥȴǰϲû뵽ôɾ͹ˣΪᱻһٱء
çһһǰɣǲ֪ǣ˳ĺϡ
ҿСħŮôôһ¾Ͱ˦ˣç̲ס죬СħŮԼĳˣȻǵɡ
һţçһߵΣתһȦȥˡͣڰյʱȴͻȻңԶĺϣâ
ţʲôôô죿ç۾𣬽ĶŻңԶ⡣


523 ص
çһ˦⣬˦ߡסκç㰴ԭ·أйҲûˣԼ鷳ˡ
çתʱȴԶĺＱٸ
ʱǹâԶɾçգһ۵ʱ䣬ǹâһ
çɫЩˣʹգգۣЩԼġյģҲ簡Ҿ磬ҲӦú߰
ʲôç
ڶգۼ䣬⾹ѵçǰ
âͻȻסçֻаߵľ롣
ɰçŻˣոձӦûзӦҪײԼϣǰԼײϡ鲻ɡԼزȥˣƿ໨ҲƴС¥ײŹ֡
çͻȻԼҲͦҪС¥ҪûԼ治С
çһ룬һ߲˲ͷĺˮոһçȫˮʪ͸˭ľſ¶治ɫçڻܹվûбŵõȥѾǺܲˡ
ˮ˿ǿѹ࣬ç̧ͷǰĹâȥ
˭֪һ֮£çסһŷӦɷ˿ϲ֮ɫ
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ҲЩƣçȻԼģȻ˭ûܵأ
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֪ô֪أ̲סʵ֪ôأſĸ簡
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ˣҪ㶼ϵüȴˣʵç˵Щʲô˵Ļһ㶼ϳ
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죬ç֮侭ԵһҲ
˵ҿɹܲˡ˵ϿҲûܹܵˡ
ϴ󰡣ǸСħŮԽԽˣҪٲһ¶ҪˡҺ˵Ϊţçæʼ״çаϴոջһӡҪҷǵҪúõĲǣϴѵһٲųɡ
ç˵ĽѵȻȥѵһ٣Լܹɹçһ˵Ĳˡ
ǣç˵һʱͻȻһ⣬ç˵ôôҲûлȥԭҵ״
ͻȻçһҪͷçѾ֪˭ˣʵ̫Ϥˣһ𳳣˵ȺͿ໨˵ĶҪ࣬çС
ôˣçæͷЦŵһˣҿɲϴ״ڿء
Һã۾Уåҿɲӣôж㾹Ȼƭң
ç죬ǿϴ̫ˣոնǺ˵ģǧȥ
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çһë̲ס˵һЩǣҲΪá밡лĻô˵ء
㲻᣿ƲƲУ˵Ļ
Զ˶٣ּ˵ڸķϣ˰ɡ
˵çڳһô˵ܵСħŮһֱﻹãʮȴҲûڼﳤʱĴÿλסߡһιҲçȻΪŻͶССҪԺ󲻼ӱŰԼֻڰн˵С
˺çִһ˲ǰһӾ˽Żе磬ǻˣһҪڼסһʱ䰡㲻֪㲻˼һ˼ûУçϡ
𣿷ŰҸȫһϵġôһ˵ç޵˼ˡ
Լǰڲ̲ͣסЦϿ¸Ͳֹǳ죬Ҿһ첻ˣһúܲϰߡ
û첻֪жáçͬʱ˵Ļһģһ
ǵĬжߡЦ˵ˣۻؼȥ
ðð֪ǻˣһ˵ĲˡŻվ˷ܵĵһţǳԣĽţˡ
һЦĿզզǰЩһˣǣûκ͹ĶǵƣǱѬյһһȻڵҲ󣬵ǰԲġ
ǰ˶ΪСħŮػ½ûû˵֡
ħŮĴºţɱɱġ
ڵֻʣ˵ǲʶ˿ӵ̸֮ɫСħŮ
磬λǲǾͲˣڻȥ·ϣʵ
ŵ˵ͷҡҡͷһҪһˡ
ҪߣȥĸǴӺһ߻ȥģǲûֱӷɻС¥ߵԭкܶҪš
ȥԭΪɼ¹κ۾˵
̫ˣܿˡ˵ĵ磬Ӧȥ۾ˡ
ǰӦȥġЩھε˵
ҲŶԺӳءçһԿο
Ҳǣڻ̫
һһһ˵ܿС¥û߽ԺУ裡裡


524 ÿ
ԬͺС¥ĴģͻȻĺ˶㶡
˵ʲôһԬһЩæźʵ
˵ˣи𣿡ȻûзӦЩƵ˵
ԬһӾվȥܱߵŻˡ
ţҲվһɲҲи˼ǺҲæȥѽŲĸ𣡡Ҳһһߺ
ʱ򣬻һ˴¥ܵĺܿ죬ô¥ݾǼ¾һ׷˺衣
С¥еҪ׷Ϻ輸ѣ貢ѧֻһͨˡ
˾ǣ¥Ҳѧܿһ
˾Ȼ롣
С¥ʵ̫ϤˡҪ֪еһа衣
˵С¥֮УǺһġ
ĺ棬һŮŮӳļҪСһЩʵȴҪϲ١
ŮȻǱ̻
̻¥ϵķп顣
ȻǱ̻ٿ߿߸뽲֪ʲôʱʼΪ飬ɼѪɫǾޱѾ˱̻ϰߡ
ദļáϱӣֻصĻô̻һϱӱһԵ֡
ʶʱ䲢ദȴǱȽûҪס
һμʱ֮ûһС
ȻҲڱ̻Եʱչԭڲ֪УǾѾߵĺܽˡ
̻븧壬ϰÿ붼ҪΪ̻Ħһ̻˯š
ܾµĺ֢ȻǸʱ̻ûѣǱʶУ̻Ѿϰչˡ
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ŵ֡ŵˣѾӡС
УĶš
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Ҳһ˵ԭŮͬʱϲһˣ˴ȴûа⣬⼸ǲܷ顣
׿ڶͱ̻˵ںǺһġڿǰ龰ȴһЩ
Ǳ̻ȴһ㲻ĸоҲûС
֮Ե
̻ҲܵǰϸĴŰΣţЩأ
𣿡Żб룬Ҳֱ̻̻һء
ʲôѽ̻üУ˼ôҲǶʮĴ˰ǲҪ˵
ʵ˵һûУ̻ոʱ򣬿ȥʮӣǸʱݵҩȴûȫ
ôʱ䣬̻ǵûг󣬷ԽԽˣڵȥҲʮӡ
̻һֱ˵С˵ᡣ
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ʱڴȺ˳Ķͷϸܵĺ顣о󲿷ֵԭȴΪ衣
Ϊʲô˵Ů˿ˡ
ʱܶʳʱ⣬ڼֺظģֻŮ˲ܹһЩ͵Ůˡ
ͱ̻һ㣬ֻ뾲ţĿͺá
ǵԸȴҲûдɣŮӼôңֻ˵Ⱥ֮⣬ʱŲǵġ
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ҿѾͷ԰ɣ˭֪ԵľˡԬЦͷãһҲ
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ЩԼ˵ʲôأħں˵Ƭʱػޱ㲻ˣ۳ʲôɵҩٴ
ڵ˵ˡ
Ϊһ֮ˣʵߵͣȱҪܹУҲûйϵֻҪܹͺá޷ٴˣôκһжġ
ھʹһεľ档Ȼûػ޵İԼҲܹǴﵽ˺⾳֮󣬶ЧػһȴҪ˺ܶࡣЧʣػ޺ȽֱԺԲơ
ڵѾûçʵǿᡣ
ԴçķǷŴϼص״ħ֮ʵܹٴٶȱǰҪϺܶࡣ
ڵçѾﵽ˺⾳ĺˡ
סʱŵħꡣ
ٴǬָһбһڵĻħ
ţʲôûпħȻϲʲôҼ֪ħ֣Ҳ֪ħʲôõġ
Ҳû˵ħĹãϿ³⣬Ҳûб֪ħˡ
ûŻشվçڵĻæħƴ磬ֻҪػ޷仨ػ޾ܹˡȻǵһοħȻħçһϵûУçȴЩҵķܹΪԹһħ
ػܹçĻҲüȻҲ˵Լʹ࣬Ǻ׵磬֪ʹࡣڿô˫һ˲㷢Ĺ
ŮҲǼѣǿţͬʱ˵ţлл㡣
лʲôЦЦҺƴôˣͬ㣬ҼȻõ껨ȻҪ͸ƴˣʲôлġ
˵ǷЦŵļ򣬵ûֵ֮䱾ͲҪ˵лл֣ţһˡ
šĵ˵ͷھͰػٻɡ
ãʹӦš
Ļ䣬һâ漴һͷѩ׵ѩǰ
Ŷѩһս֪㻹ǲǵҡ
ѩһ˲˲Ŀźһǵ˵ͷﵽ⾳֮ػޣǶͣ£ǶܹһЩ򵥵ĻҲܹ˵ɫжϳһЩϢ
ֳһ˿Ц⣬еħŵѩǰ֪֪֪ħá
ѩٴοһۣȻһͷſھͰħ̽˿С
ħħ޵ģèϲһ
ⲻҪԭ
һħѩХһ徹Ƿѩ׵Ĺâǰ׹ԽԽŨǰ嶼Уվ˾һҲѩģ
ħĹЧ𣿡᲻Σգ
ԼĻǰ䣬ֿӣȻⵣġ
çæΣյģƴͷİɣҵķǵҲġ
ŶǾͺãçĻŵԷһЩɾ۾ĶסŰ׹⣬ûпѩ֮ǰȻȫ
Ũİɫâסѩ֮ãâһ䵭Ǳѩȫڡ
׵ѩվͷһһڷйѹõһԹ
ѩֻһ˲ʹ죬ѩҲʹ졣
ͺˣʹգգۣȻϸĿԼػޣ뿴ѩ֮ǰʲô仯ȴʲôûп
ܹˣֻѩ
ѩĿȻһֻޣ˼άޣҲֱܹġ
ֻҪ˼άб飬ϲŭ֡˻޶һ
̫ˣõ϶Ĵ𸴣˵Ľе
ſ˷ܵӣҲһů⣬ܹԼѣҲһֵ顣
ƴ硣ȵָһЩǣֵﻹһ׿׺һ㿴ܲãõĻ͸ɡ
ִǬָͳڵõ񽣵ݸ
ʲôĽӹеȴû뵽ͽһУ㷢ҫ۵Ĺâ
âһţȴһ˿Լһ˿ϵ
ſ׺ͽĹâ̲סЦ̫ˣϴΪˡ
ŵĻסֻһ˵Ѳ
Ҳô˵ŵͷ
漴ű㽲
Ҳû뵽ô׾ΪˣæִǬָͳһѵһףݸç
çӹҲ˹âҲçΪ
ˣҪˡ˵ò˶ãͻٻġ
ţһ·ҪСģ㣬ǰͬһҪİȫԬ۾˵
裬İɣֻҪһţͲһ顣һ˵һ߷˻ϡ


530 ¶
ڻϣֻ졣֪ԼڿУ벢¡֪ʲôӵģҲ֪Լжߡ
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Сǰ˼ſڻĶߴ
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ҿͿˡƲƲ˵
£ǱϾǿЩ֪ʲôʱºԽԽˣڵ£еĵطеһˡ
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ԥӣҲܲ³е뷨һ˲㷴Ӧ뽫ҪΪŵģԼôΪͲζء
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⵹Ǻпܡǰ˾ԲῴźµʵΪ˶ֺοˡ
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ͨһ㣬Ǿֳһ˿Цݡ뿴˵Ҫʲô
֪ٲơǽɫأ
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µĻ˺Ʋѹ˴˶һۣһ˵̫ˣξˡ
šһҲͷ۵ٺõˡ
۾գգЩĿˣ˵ʲô˼
ڼ򵥵Ľһתͷ˵ֵܣ¶


531 
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ЩЦĿǰˣʲô¶
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һˣ۾𣬡һʲô˼
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ĵǲӦģºΪŵõԭɱ˻Ȩ֮ŵûʲôԹһƬƽȵɵ¹κ۾Ӧӵģʲôʲôôô档
룬ҲӦȻͶԷزʶһҲġźߣȻẦ¡ûмźµ֣Ҳ֪ǶǺˡźµʵ뾭ܴçĿ
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532 㣿
ǵҰ𣿡ʻȥ·ϣʵ
ϳ˾۾ĸƥĴ󳵣һ߳ԯϵ˽ӵǣ򳤲ǱˣͲ֪Ĺأ˱Ƚ⣬ܻעЩϸϵС顣
Ŷգգۣô˵ԼҰˣ
ǵġ
ô֪ǻɽϣ̲סʵﱾӦһ˼ĵطôģ
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ŶΪʲôȥֶŮأӦ֪زʶ룬Ǻ˻ͬġ
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һ·ٲ˵ɿǰʻȥǰʱʱ䣬㵽

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ŵĻϵĳݾǵ˺ܶ࣬ͻȻЦţ͵ľһ㣬ΪǶһֳõ飬ŻΪѵġ
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ȴǿŵţ㻹Цóһúܺá
ȷܺá˵ҲܺãȻôĲۣջǺߵһѾˡ
ǵģˡ˵ͷȴһҲЦ
ҿóͻȻתͷ˵ɣ׷ʲô飿ܹЦΪԼʵǲȥԭ·ϲ֪ҪٸԼƫƫͣ˵ĴôôǿȴʹָϵúɣЦʱ˹
Ų֪ǲ⣬֪Լĺˡ
˲ֻܹĵõʲôܹʱİﵽѣҲ˵һ֡
˵ͻȻ춯˴˽
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Ů߽УӾͻȻ˺ܶࡣ
ӾͲƻͨ
ĵƻȴȫڲסŮµĹâ
ǲĸǣĸĸǰ
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ҵδº롣תͷܵ
ţиȻδޣһ֪СǼĸһߣһЦ˵
Ž֮ǰҲһĳݣڿŵһ̣ϵĳݱ㵭˺ܶ࣬ھҲܹЦˡǵʱűҺܶࡣ˵ûţҵĲҵͱ˰ռˡ
ĸһֱΪԼĶܹѣĸͻȻʹ϶е뷨
ŲֻĸҲҵĸ


534 
ţܲһ⣿ºһ̲֮סʵ
Ȼˣ֮Ҳˣǲ磬ҲӦôĲŶԡ˵
ţҲǡҲǺŵһȥģҲһĻ飬˵ѣһҲΪ
ţҺܺ棬ΪʲôȲػҲһܳĵطΣҲ벻ԭ򡣡ⲻֻ棬ĸĸҲĲˡʲôԭŲܳ
ЦЦֻ·ȷʵܹˣɵɵֻ֡ǴԶٷסһġȴƫƫҪҰǣʺϵѡԾʹˡ
գգۣºزʶҲӦˣ˵ֱǲܵ飬˭ӦİҪ˭İȥһİĵط
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⣡ͻȻðһ뷨첻ң簡µĻһֱŵͻȻ̤ʵˣûгݣ΢΢𣬹һ˿Ц⡣
⻹һɵɵˡȴûЦݣͻȻ˵ֻţεȴһ¡ھǰҲǣˡ
Ȼ˵ȴû˵ŸϿ뿪ĻΪ֪Լô˵Ŷ뿪ġ̫˽ˡԴ⣬ʶŵˡҲǽӴˣȫ֪ʲôĻ˵ãʲôĻͲ˵
գգۣһ֪׷ʲôأ磬㲻ǲҰɣ
ôᡣЦȻˣҾ֪㲻ھߡȻҪѷһж
šŵ˵ͷû˵һ˫۾Ķס磬署Σա
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ţŶ˵˵˵ǲһͱȺˡ
ġ˵Ⱥܵʱڳûпģֺһ˵أ
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ȷʵϲµˡĵܵƲ֮ͬʱӵôҲûҹκ˵鷳ǵ۸ƣҲֻǰȥûв׵ֱӶ֡
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ŵĻ˵ͷҵȻұ˵鷳ȺΪҵ鷳
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ȴҡҡͷҿԿ϶ǰҲʶˡǴҲûطѾԶػҺûмĿܣοˡ
ŶǺʲô飿ʵʵ벻ôôĵˣ벻ΪʲôԭŹͻ
֪粻ƭԼĺͶԷгŲ˵
Ǿʹˣʽܶӡ
ŶЩˣϻˣԼʵУȴĴΪ
ǵģȷʵ飬֪ȺǡɵӣҲûз財ʱҽֵʱܸоûоȫȫԸҾԲĶܸ֡оɢǿϢϢǿֵҪʧǰҸоԼֿһ¶ʵʵ̫ǿˡ
Ŷסô˵ǹƣȻֹˣ
ǵġ
ΪʲôҪôʵ
ʱҲƣҲû̫࣬ΪԤһûгԣŸĸתҪ뿪ǸȺʵ̫Ԥˡ˭Ҳ֪ʲôҲðա
ţҲһð취
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Ҳе˵
˵ͷ򳤺аµʱûзһ飬ҶѾȺ˸ˡȴͻȻһ飬ʹ֪Ⱥߵԭˡ


535 
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ҡҡͷԼûбĸʵ
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ΧסôһƬȷʵһ׵顣˵ԷͷһܴػҲֻгܹһ㡣
һΪһɳôʲôطֵ˴󶯸ɸأ
ţգգۣ磬˼ǣ
δܹΧҲŻ˭ɳôΧסһСвûʲôǿ֮ˣȻȺҲΪΪˡǺܼ򵥵һ飬л˱Ⱥǿôһ˷
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ǵġ˵ͷ˵ǵ˲ȫ뿪ΪȺ߶ʹɽ֮ƣǾвͨġ
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536 ֵˡֵ
ʱ䣬һ취Ҳû
˵һǰͬĻȺأ
ҡͷ֪
ʲôҲûм˵
ͷҲ֪ҪЩʲôҲ֪ԼЩʲô಻ţҶҪ˵ҲʶȺһҲʶжʲôģЩʲôˣЩҶ֪
ǵģЩҲû֪Ⱥʱֻһˡ˵ֻǲ֪ȺǴģڿ֪ȴҲ࣬ȻܹŪ
ŪɻĿˡ
˵˵ͷ䷿ǵģֻҪûס̾ͻᱻ֡Ⱥܲ˵ģˣ˲֪ˡ˵ǲʶšʶΪʲôҪסķӣ
û뵽ⷿӾȻ˵ûס̻ᱻ֡
ڵȻԷôᷢⷿû˵ģһеô£ֱڣҲ֪ԷȺĹϵ֪Լϵĵʲôˡ
Ⱥʲôϵܸܲң羹ͻȻʳһ仰Ҫ֪˫ìܹԲߡ
㲻֪Ŀ磬˵
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Цһ֪ٸʱ䣬֮㻹˵ͬĻô³ֻһ
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֣ص˵
䣬תȥ

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֪Щ֮ЩĿǵڼ죿
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ˣգգ۵ȻˣΪʲôʱҲߣ
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Ӧþͷֻȴһ㣬ȺΪʲôһأֵˣΪʲôƫƫѡң
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ʲôû˵ʼ磬Ц˵
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ҵǰˡ󾪣æվȥԸðƲˡ


537 

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첻Ĵ󼯣ǽȴȴ󼯵ӻҪ֡
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УǹϵµһҲС
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ʱƾƼһ伫ΪµķСڴϣһĻɴͷһ黨
ȫǺġҲǺģɢŹĺ졣
һҹû˯˯šȴһ˿ⶼûС
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ˡȴһҲ˵ʲôæܵŴϿȥ
һȴʹһɫʱˣѩס
ڴһƥڵһڵˣðƺ̡


538 Ʈװ
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еĵȺͻȻһ󺰣ɱ


543 
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ɱһˣȺȴûп˵ʬһۡеĵ߬øϵİŨ
ΪʲôͻȻ˵Щ
Ⱥ۾𣬽ĶǰˣΪҴûĳ֣Ȼ֪ʵȻһʱѾ꣬Ҳֻ֪Ǻ⾳ľˣȴ֪ʵȫþֵġһ׺õѧһõŰɱͬȾˡ
˵һ˿ɻЩȺ˵ĻһֱΪʵһСϾҲôΪġ
ոշʵȴܲȺĻ
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һҲЦһܶԸ˵ġȻȺѾˣȴһӰ춼ûС
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ӵʱ䣬ȴȵķȺɫǵûбףԽԽ
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νֻҪǱѧϾͺáȻ˵ȴѧʮа˾ŲȺϡ뿪⼸죬ӦþȥѧˣȻҲˡ
Ե鲻ϱ仯û뵽žȻ˵ĻѾȺˡҲûֹţô˵ȺŹˣô˵ûйϵ
ȺûʱлһϣģԼ˺⾳в㣬ôźܿѾﵽ˺⾳Ľ׶ΡҪԸҲһᡣ
֪źµʵһģ֪ػ޵ˡԭʶУĶѾ˵ˡֻҪԼܹסһһʱ䣬ôź¾пɱˣǵΣտܾͽˡ
ȺͻȻ֣ͶԷϣִһЩڼȺ׾ɱԷ֮һֳȥ
ոǱĽ⣬ãԼһһᶼûˣȺʵѾԶԶ
⾳㣬Ҳ赲һ
ΨһЩֵǣŵоǿһ˿⡣ŵһҲûаȺС
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ʱȺȴǸϸĴţһҲŵе֣һҲоϵϢԷӦһͨ˲Ŷԡ
һͨˣôأ˵ĻΪʲôô
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ŵ˵ͷոյѧȻԵȴ
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ŵĻȺɫһãһŻָԭû뵽㾹ܿҵеֻϧֻһͨˣ㿴ˣҲһöûС


544 
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ȺĵȻֻܷ֪ȺֵˣֻԼ
űԳ֣ǾͲԼˡԼĸĸҲԻ
˵һϢȻϣԼһ
űͲӦģһϵûС
绹ţԼˣһչ˺λˣʲôҪġ
ֻǡֻǿҪԼһȥ
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һ˫ۺǳһ˫͸ȫǼᶨûа˿⡣
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ͻȻӿһů⡣нʣһ˿Ҳһ˫ʧ
ȻվһȺǰϾ¶ЦݣȺɣ
վʱҲվҲһߣһҲ
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һͨˣͻȻͺԤ׵ĳԼǰûп϶ĵطͻȻͼ˽Լȴһ㶼ûпԷôվǰġ
Уҵ飬ôվǰ档֣ص˵϶һ㣬ȺܹɱԼˣȻųΪ֮еһ
ˣԼܹȥҲֻԶھ֮С
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뵽ˣûм֣һ˳ȥ
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ķȺ۾еĵ߬ø
֪Ҳһͨˣһ֮ġ
ƾͻȻԼǰĶܹжϳŵʵԼߣȴû뵽ȺҲһͲ֪ôġ
ŵͻȻ֣ȺĸоȫһģûΪһ磬Ͷ෢һЩʲô
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ûпʼսȺȴԷ᲻ɱԼˡ
Ҳٿһ
˵ĶѾ˽
ȥҰѧͻȻ˵


545 
һֱЦţûаȺһ顣
˵ȥҰѧ
Ⱥû̻شµɫȴͻȻ˱䣬ͻȻ⿴ȥ
Ѿûˣԭڵķλȥ
ݴһ¿ǵһ˲䣬Ⱥ˱Խ׵ľ룬һӾȺǰ
ֱʱŷֶˡ
ˣӴܿǺ֮ǰȺɱһġǵȴ֮ǰҪϺܶࡣ
СһҲʮˣĿҲаʮ꣬˵ͷͺ붼ǰ׵ģϵƶۣǱȱ̻֮Ҳһ㲻ѷɫ
һ˱ӦнľҪ֮˲ŶԣȴǾһ˫۾ޱȣһһ֮䣬
תͷΪϵˣϣܹܵһɾǿϢ
ԵˣҲһˣǶ֮ǰȥ˿ȵġ
Ⱥʶ񣿡ϵͻȻקĵ
Ⱥǳ˳飬Ȼʶˣ֮ûм˰ɣɺã
áϵ˵ͻȻʧ٣ҹһ㶼ã⼸˯ȡ
ϿȺһּۣǰ㱻׷ɱҰ˳ȴû뵽㾹Ȼ˴ңֻ͵˰ѧҵɱȺôǺһܶ꣬ôܹµȥ֣ϵԽԽ䡣
ﵽڣȴûпһۡгȺûбˡ
ȴҲ˵ˣȺ֮ó㹻Ŀռ䡣
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۾𣬵ͻȻ뵽һ⣬ǰʱǲⰲŵģЩ׷ɱ˱ˣ
Ⱥ˵ͷӦ뵽һĲŶԡ
˵ǵģҾ뵽ֻΪɱ׷ɱˣҴ˻ɵģû뵽㾹ȻôݣϰٸԼҲµȥ֡
ʲô㲻ҲһȺۿ˿ڵϵʬ壬㶼֪һӲ۾һǾͲҲ˵ǶǸĵӣȴȵ˲ȻɱԼӵģʲôĳ̶ܱҲ
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Ȼ˵㲻Ǻ⾳ľ磬лʲôǡӲ׵İҲûпҵС
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㵱ȻҡȺ˵ϻûڲ顣ֻڰѧҵϣɱңԶҲõ׵İҿԱ֤Ҳصĵطûܹҵ⼸ҲԹˣԲǧ֮ڵĵط㶼Ӧѱ˰ɡ
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ĸǰһ׼ׯѾһ˱
Ӧ֮£ڹׯɱׯӣȴֻҵһķôѣҲѧ
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ڹׯʱȺʧһʱ䣬ڵʱ̫ңҲûע⣬Ǻ궼ûоʲôԡ
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ںİ£Ⱥɱ׷ɱˡ
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üƲ˵Ⱥһȷʵúܺãڽʱмӣǰѹڰ鶼Ⱥ
ׯׯ֮ʵǿᣬΪһ׳ѧ˵ѧػġ
ׯʹǱİȫ
ڸʿĴ˵Уѧѧºѡһػҽ̸һѧһһȥػĵطǱһӣػҲסڵׯ
뵽ǰѧȺк󣬱ʱɳǰȥѯȴϵǵʱȴûпȺǿ硣
ǣ֮ǰһĻĻ
ڰǱҪŪֵģȻҲʱˡ
ӵȺߵϢŭҹ򡣶Ҳһ

ڣȺ˵ѧֲϣһ鶯
֪Ⱥ˵ģʧ˵⼸죬Ȼǲѧȥˡ
ٴλҲȻΪ˰ķҪѧķȱһɡ
ȺȥҰѧͻȻ˵ˣȻһ


546 Ҫ˵
ȺȥҰѧȺû̻ػȴĿ⿴š
Ҳ԰ѧȤ֮ǰҲ˵ͺһĻ
ȺڵǷǳϣŵʵԼ֮ˣϣܹվֹꡣ
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ȺһŵĶʱֳȥ
תͷ꣬˵ȴѲٿǰĿתš
ͻȻ˵Ȼ±֪ӵа»û֪ĺá
˵ǲ£ֻǼٵġׯôǿʵûбסؼô鴫ȥء
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գգۣҪɱң
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룬ոҲɱңǶˡ
ǺǡͻȻЦǶǱȺɱģЩҶ֪
Ŷ㶼֪һ
֣⵹ҲǣֻҶע⣬Բ֪ȻȺҲ뿪ˡ˵ˣֿȺҶ̫ˡ
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ͻȻһϣŵУĳ˲ûһ⡣Ҳܹͺ꿹Ҳ˵
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۴ǰˣһʵ벻ףҪû˲ѧϰΪʲôؼ˸Ȥأ
ѧܹõǰΪȫҲνܹܹ񡣡
ȫˣֳһ˿Ц⣬һ£ӸոǵĶԻУҲһЩ顣ǿеǰǰ˰ɡ
ǵġֱӻصѲҪڣһ֮ˣͲҪʲôںУе˴ʱѾˡ
ŵȻǰˣ֪Ϊʲôûг񣿶һᱻⷲɱأ
Ϊûѧֻ񽻸ͨĴڣֻΪػġ
ŵϣֻҪͿԳĻΪʲôأ
⡭ɫ˲˱仯Ҳû뵽⡣
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ЦҲһ֮ˣһѧܹסջҿֻԭһǰǼٵģ޷һǰƷ̫ߣҪ㹻츳ܹ
˶٣ֵˣõ˰ķѧҲһá
Ŷ㶣漴ҲѰʱ򣬱ܹɡ
һ˵һ߿ŵ˵ô࣬ǲǾǲѰķңҷ
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ǺǡҲЦ˼˵츳˰Ϳˣ
ҲδУҲ˵ҪҪ˵ġ
ŵĻ굹ûжķӦں絹һ벻ΪʲôҪ˵һҲ˭Կ˵ʵȺ֮ϡ
ȺѾǺ⾳㣬أ
ŵҪʲô̲סС˵
ߵ룬ҲŹǣᣬѰķ˫͸Ҳǻ뿪ġȻΪʲôҪе뷨
˵ͷ˵Ҳûдȴô򵥡ǻе˼˵Ҫˣ㺫ͲҪˡ
ֻǿ߲ſԱ˼
ķڲϣͻȻ˵
ڡŵ˵ͷ
ţܺáҾͿɱˡЦ˵
ŵûֻҪɱңͿԵõķˣٱȺҵѧԸʹˡ˶٣ͻȻֵֻҪɱңȴһ׵顣
ÿˣ򣬻û˸ҶԡĻͻȻͣס
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ƣ羪κ˰źӿֻһ˲䣬ѡ
ֻǣı仯ȴֻкһܹӦõ˶ûиоɢϢ
ϢֻԺһ˶ġ
ɫʱò԰ףҲû뵽žȻҲһ֮ˡ
˵ֻΪǳţı֣Լ̫ˣȫû뵽ԼоϢˣȻҲһ֮ˡ
Ǻ񾳵ľ磬ܲϢ˵ľǲҪߣ
Ѿﵽ˺в㣿ֻһͷ
ҲЦ
ţϵı仯һ벻ԷıΪʲôͻȻô֣ءֻܸܳɢԴԴϵǿϢ
Ϣ˲ǿΪ˵ֵŵƣܲǿȻϢ
粻֪Щֻ֪Ҫɱˡ
ҪˡȻվֱӾųȥ
£һ˶ԵСҲԼǰ棡
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ǣڳ嵽ŻмԶʱȴͻȻͣס
ͣܲͣ
һεϢסȥ·
ǰײһǽ


547 һ
ĺܿ죬ڰ·ȴײһεǽͱ˻ȥȥıʱҪ졣
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겻˵
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Ŀţڲһ˿ѰʹҲû¶֮ɫ
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һһϣͻȻһһɢŨϸ
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˳ͬʱͻȻеĽһָɱ
겢һˣһĻˣһֱվںԡ
ﵽڣһ仰û˵Ҳûжǲˣ
˼ʱ򣬾һҲû뵽ˡ
ں˵ʱȴͻȻˡ
УֻһΣ漴ʧԭء
뾪һֹ飬ֻʩչϬһָʱż
һ˲䣬˵Ļˮʪ͸
ӰһΣ˱ʧսôžܶĹ

˵ʧֻһ˲顣һ̣ѳŵǰǵҲ˱
һһѵ
˲ųִ֣ŵʺֻҪ̵ŵļ
ǴͷģֱŵԴ
ĺͻȻסʱǱǰ
ǣȴûҪŵ
ûп彣͵ôߵģֻһ졣
漴еĽ͵㶼ֻʣһ
͵Ѿͱ룬ֱӵڵϡ
ţסɣŪϵġôŪģͲ֪ˡ
ⳡսѾûпŶ
һӾͻռϷ磬˱ǼҲŵĶ֣ܿһˡ
ŵΣȴûнڵѷʱһϢĴš
Ľ
ֻ˳һǰеĽҲͬʱ˳ȥ
ֻһ㣬Ҫľһʱ
һ쵽˼㡣
˶Ÿһ¶ûУĽ̴š
ţͻȻһҪǰȥ
ʱ򣬳ȴַ˱仯̴žһ䵭漴ʧ
ʧͬʱһͻȻڽԱߡ
⻯ոպ̵ĸţֻһӰӰˡ
ſ뿪ĸԶһЩģȴûУֻǴһλܿ˺Ľ
Ӱʧʵ֡
ųֵһ˲䣬ͻȻһֻ֣һѾץס˺Ľ


548 
˶ס궼ס
ȻŵʵܻԼûԷȻܹץסԼĽڸ߽ĸ߽齣
Σ羪ȵŴ죬ɴۡҲ벻žȻ״ﵽʲôʵȻܹһ㣿
ӼʱŲֻһε˵粻ҪġֻȴһֱΪڰοԼѣһҲû뵽žȻ߱ʵʵԶԶ˺⾳㡣
ʱ䣬žȻǿˡֳЦݡĲҪˡ
еľ֮ŨȻҲ벻ڵžȻôԷ˶ӦǴﵽ˺񾳵ĵزŵǰȴһҲ߲ȥʲôľܹһ㣿
벻Ժľ磬ͲܹˡǺ涼Щʲô磬֪
ȻҲҪ֪ЩֻҪ֪ԼûΣˣܹúõĻţѾ㹻ˡ
һУĸΪȻġӼŵһͲٺ£ҵĸڿԼһҲ
Уһ͵ͨ죬þȫҪγ߬סĽǽȴһҲקֺǺ񾳵ľҲС
ɾĿź꣬ǲǻõ
æҡҡͷˣߣұ֤Ҳˡ
ţܺá˵ȴܷߣȻҲ±֪Ĵڣȴû֪ĺáʡȥܶ鷳֮ǰ˵Ļȴٴ˵˳
ŵĻɫɺתף̲סҿԱ֤Ҳκ˹ڰ顣ֻ뱣סԼҲûкŶֵˡ
ȴҡͷϧոҪɱңҪɱеˡ˶٣ֵʱûɱôȫԴȥ
ô˵ǲˣ˵
һҲûС
üͷ𣬵㲻ɱҡ
Ŷ
Ȼڵȴˡɱңǻ鷳ġ
Ŷ
֮ϣλϣɱˣǾԲŹ㡣꿴ŵҪźǶԿǿҲĶ֡
ֻа˲Żᰲȫʵ
зâ
ͻȻЦЦ˵ĶģҾ͸ˡôĿɽȥôᵱʲô鶼ûзôܷŹء
ܣڿԷģֻҪ뿪Ҿ鷳
Ҵű˵ķġͻȻ䡣
䣬ͻȻһŤĽ㵽С
һͷ䡣
˵ͷ

վŲԶȺͻȻ˸ںĽץס֮ȺѾ֪ⳡսĽˡҲŲŹ꣬ȺȴһҲû뵽־Ȼ˸ɴࡢϡ
һԤ׶ûУһɱˡ
սɱˣһ㡣
ͻȻȺȺӿһ˿⣬֪Լܵǰš
ɸոյĳֿԿİŵˣԷǷҲҪԼ
Щɱ˵ʱǲῼġҿŸոյĳ֣ȺãԷҲδؾİѰϡոӰҲǼΪѧѧһͻȰ
ȺҲûмѧ
ȺҲ˵Ҫ˵Ļˡľ磬ȻԻʵѲҪѾǶǿߡ
ȺȥҰѧֻҪҵҾͲɱ㡣ͻȻ˵㲻Ҫ˵ĻΪҸûбҪƭ㡣
Ⱥ˵ͷȻ˵˼ˣҲһַܹԼȥҰȺ֪Լκο̶ԲΪĺӡҲûֺӡ
ܹס̵ģ󲿷Ϊ̷ԭ
ãҴȥȺæ˵˵ˣžͶԼˡ
ŵ˵ͷȴͻȻʵոպ˵ǲģ滹ϣ
ӦǵġȺ˵ͷûмڵϣǰȷʵᵽжҲǺܼɵӣ˵Ӧò١
šŵ˵ͷȴϾˡ
һ˵һתͷ磬㲻ٴˡ
ͷھߡ
ȺѾⳡսб٣ҲûκζʰáֻҪҵһһ뿪Ϳˡ
ʹ뿪ڵΧ˵
ãҲûп֪ǲʱԼܵġѾ֪ʵǿҲͲΪŵˡ
ӵбԼʵ

һٵʻ
ڵΣԯϵźȺ
Ⱥϳһߡ
ǳڲһһ˺ˡ
һܴʮڳҲһ㶼ἷ
ǰвʱ
ţֻǼʱûʵôôǿģ
ЦŴżȻ£ҳһɲݡ
ھ˰Σŵá

ԲǧڵķΧҪ磬Ҫͳǧ֮⡣
һһֱ죬Ҳû߳ڵ
쳿˴ӿջ·ǲŸո߳һ֪С򣬱סŵȥ·
ˡ


549 
һסŵȺ껹Ҫϵˡ
Ⱥͣסǰˣһ仰û˵
۴ãȻ£ֱӾǰڵλϣ
һ˵˵ͷǵġ
һ˿ŵɱ˺ꣿ
Ҳͷǵġ
ɱ˺꣬㻹ей䣿һ˵
Ҫôûܣŵܵˣ
ܲˡ˵˵Ȼɱ˺꣬ҪҲɱ׼
Ҫɱң
˵أ
ɱң
˵أ
۾𣬵˵ˣֻҪһţͲɱҡ
ÿÿˣվм۾𣬵ϻûɱ˵ˣ
ŶŽĶˣ񣬼ȻˣǾɣγı
ã˾һ㶼ûзϻһһϣǶһһɢ߲ʹâ
ͬʱ˵Ҳͬʱһ֣ǵȴͻȻȥֻһ˲ƹߣ˳һΰΧס
Ҫһ붯֣۾һ˿ѰվλúһֹɣǾԼͬ鶼һԶ
һ󷨡
վ˵˵ͷսǳԷ˯˶Ҳûзֿ
û˵һ죬Ҳһһʵϸۡ
ץסʣһʱ㱻ķ֮һѰ֮ĽŽ¶ȻѪĹââΪŨǰΧĵ涼ȾһѪɫ
ţ˵۾󣬱ϵȺɫ˱䣬ǶĲѰ
ɱĺһʦеĽԼġһжǺλѧġ
λȻҲǶʦʺǶĲѰ
еĽɢԶԶ˸߽ǱȺǱҲҪǿϰٱ
񽣣վŶͻȻе
Ų˵
˿ȴͻȻ֣ޱȣ˵֮ǰһҲûаŷУôڿеĽеӶ
ܹܵǽɢǿҵϢҲûиоǿϢ
Ƕʦ񽣵ϢǺͳֽϢϢصġֻһͨ񽣣ô⽣ԲᷢϢ
жǿʵܼ񽣶˺һ㡣
ʱĸоΣաΣգ˵ǳֽ֮ġ
ȷʵӵʵ
˱˴˶һۣǵжֳ֣֮⡣
Ƕһʵǰ˱ҪȫԸܹʤ
ֻǣû뵽ǣŵĽûаꡣ
ڼɫõʱŵһʾְγķ֮һĺɫͻȻɫ
⽣ɢƸŨ
Żǵһΰѽγһ롣ֻдﵽػʹľ磬ܹóһ
ɫǺͷ½ɽ½ϵһһģһˮȫںϺγɵ
ӽɢȥΧͻȻһ磬·ԵľǷ׷Ե֮󣬶ͻȻ顣
ܹ⽣ɢġΪǵһΰγһ룬Ż̫˽⽣жǿҲûпƽɢ
Σ˵ɫˡ
ǵɫѾֻ֣أһ˿𾪣һ˿۵׵Ŀ־塣
Ϊûɱ˵ˣǵȻΪûܹɱǵˡ
ڣţڽ֮˶оˣһǿ֮ˡ
ңǿԶԶǵ
ţһǵͻȻһնûˡ
һ˲䣬˱ʧȥɱŵġ
ͻȻʧȥȻЩ֪ˣ㶵ĿšʱŵϢš
ڿŵǿ
»ֲóһĽ磬ֻŵϢ˶ֿˡ
ŵ״ﵽʲôľ磿жðһ뷨ڵֳʵѾȫǵ֪
ͬվڽڵȺϵɫҲǲϱ仯Ȼһɱ˺ﵽ񾳵ǿߣѱֳǿ󣬵ȺȴȻû뵽žȻǿ˵ز
ĲҪġȺͻȻ˵
ﵽľ磬ԲΪκѧԷΪġܹŴʱľȺҡҡͷܣҲһǺѵһ顣
û˻ڴﵽ˾޵ģȻȺҲ֪ڴﵽʲô硣һҲ֪Ķࡣ
Ⱥȴһ㣬Ŵʱľ磬Ѳ󼰺ʹȵˡ
˵Ⱥ磬ڵ϶֪ɢʲôľ硣ͬҲܹﵽĸ߶ȡ
ʼɣʳͻȻ˵
˵⻰ͬʱϵƸŨ
λֱ˴˶һۣУͻȻͬʱ
˾ǿʼٵΧתǲûлӳеĽֻΧŲͣȦ
Ƭ̼䣬վȦѿ˵ʵ壬ֻܿΧһȦ˵Ӱӡ
ӰԽԽ죬γһ硣
ʩչҲȷʵһ󷨡
ͨٵת˲ֻǰڿٵת֮£ǵҲǸһתʹϺǳɱ
žվģҲġ
Ҳûл߳
Ҳûߣվոճֵʱ򣬱һĽ绤ס塣


550 һ֮
ܵĽ֮ϣ̶ĦĹâŨҵĿУȴһѵĺۼҲûС
ӺѴﵽ˶㡣
ʱ䣬ȴһûж۾ֱϵٶһʱŲ˫ۣͬʱͻȻеĽصǰһӣ
һտĹâ𣬻磬ǰһϵ塣
һţսͻȻֹͣ
һӾ;
ʧͬʱҲʧ
ϻվŵһߣǰһķѵʬ塣Ǹոձһеĳϡ
ʬĺ󷽣һʮ׵ľ͹֣ŵһ֮
˶ס
Ⱥһ仰˵ѹȻһ١ٶеĸ߶ȣڿһ֮Ⱥ֪Լǵ͹ŵʵ
һնȫγɵ磬նв㾳ļ壬ڵʮ޵׹֡
ⲻܹġȺһһⲻ˵ֻܹһ㡣ǰѰ壬Ҳδܹﵽ̶ֳȰɣȺ̲ס뵽
ľһҲȺаһɲݾܹﵽľ𣿾ԲܡܹﵽʵԲֻΪżȻһɲݵԭ¾ԲĲҩŵʵѾԽļޡڵѾ˰ɡ
žվڳУȻ֪е뷨֪ļ˶˲˵һ֪࣬лǺθ롣
ŵλϣʱɫ԰ޱȣսǵһֱڲ촽ڶͣڹ˺ð죬Ƕû˵һ仰
ŸոյһֻɱһˣҲʣµˣ磬ȻҲҪһ֮
ڵӣȴȫΪˣһԭǱŸˡ
ˣǻû˵Ҳ˵ĵز
ս֮ǰǻ˵ûɱ˵ˡ˲֪˵ǶôЦһ顣
һֱվ˵ǵ˰Ҳûһ̲סѾˡ
ǡǣǰˡһһòصſڣȻǲҲػĵ£漣ķ
ҲǱŸŵġ
۾𣬿˵Ӧ֪Ҫô˰ɡ
ո˵ĳϵ֪֪ϾߣҲˡ
ߣգգۣô򵥣
ŵĻǳϵ嶶øȻ֪ŵ˼ȴʵǻҪô죿
ɱҵġ˵ȻҪɱˣȾҪñɱ׼仰ڸոʱ˵ģȴ˵˳
ŲǴˣ˶ɱˣȴҪߡ
ŵĻ嶼ҵһ£ȻǵͶѾܴˣȴȻ
ܹĺܺãû˻ġ
㲻ߣͬʱ˵
Цɱҵģڰ˵ңǻ뿪𣿡
϶˵˵ڡ˶˵ᣬҲţû˻Ļǵ֮ǰѾ˵ú
Լ֣Ҫҳ֣ͻȻʵ
϶һۣоǺֺ֮ɫͬʱһͷͬʱ˶
Է˯һ𣬱˴֮ȻͨʮĬʹֻһԽ˴˵⡣
ո˼ǼȻԷŹǣôҲҪƴܾˡ
ǣ˾ͬʱˡǵĶȴͬ
һ϶ݺݵһȴǷһȥһգۼ˳˰ס
϶㡭һŵĳϱ㷢ϾȻûгţˡ
ͷҲһʵϰˣ۾һҲѡ
ⳤҲֻ˵ˡ϶㡱֡
Ļû˵ŵĽѻʺ
ûٿⳤһۣӰһ˱ʧ
һ˵ĳͻȻҽһڰеͻȻڵ档
ͬʱŵӰͻȻǰ
ҲߣԺٲҵ鷳ҲС
ΪʲôһһֻŸ첲һ̧ͷʵ
ոڿУһ㿳һֱֻۡ
ŵΪɱҵģڼȻɱңȻɱˡ
Ǻܹƽһ飬˭ҪɱˣҪñɱ׼
ſҪ˵ЩʲôģҲȻҲüʮֵܰסˡ
ȴûȥȤսԼĻߣ˿
ſϣǻٸߣʵǿҲһᱻ˿
žеĽббĻӳ
ͷ䡣
ŷ߻ԡ
ǵģԸô˵˾Ȼôʱ䡣ͻȻ˵
˶һҲ̫ˣԷǶʲôʵܹʤѾǶ˷ܵĲˣ¾Ȼˡ
Ҳ죬ʲôҲû˵ҲŸոҪ¶Ըˣٶһ졣¸һϻ˵
磬Ӧû鷳ˡЦҲ÷ˡ
š˵ͷĬƬ̵֪η֣ʲôʱܹټ档
磬м˸㣬ȨѾˣڰػľʱԻǣԼҵġ
Ȩˣ󾪣漴ϲţɱ˻ȨողżʶʵȻ뵽ɱ˻Ȩˡ
šŵ˵ͷ磬ǣԺʱҾȥǡ
áͻؼҡ˵ĵ
ĸĸ˵ҲǸ˲ѣ򲻵ѣ˭Ҳ뱳硣ܹȥˣȻ˷쳣
ٵıظոճǸС򣬻˴Ǯһϻ͸ĸػʻȥ
ţһҪǡнԶϳ
ЦŻ˻֣ĿԶȥֱʧ֮⣬ŲתȺôȥȡѧˡ


551 
һʻһ˼ɽͣסĸ¡
šȺº롣
ŶĵطɽһɽȣĻɽС
˳Ǯĸɽȥ
Ⱥ˵ѧڸͻȻʵϣȺ˵ԼѧڸںܿѾ½ˡ
Ⱥ˵ͷûаѧһطǽһˡҽһҹͣĸ·ʵҲǿڿзУҲӦڼ֮ˡҲǺڷԲǧڶԭ򡣡
ŵ˵Ķģ
ġȺ˵Уɻȥô˵ٻأ
Ҳǡ룬Ӧ֪ȥɡ
֪ҪߵĻһҲˣǵطԶ
Ͳ㵣ˣֻҪɽͺˡ
ɽ̫󣬵ȴʱĸ˲ɽֻͨˣֿȻߵ̫죬ȺڣҲ˼űţȻйıʾ
ɽûȥȺ㿴ǰɽſ˯Ļˡ
Ⱥ̲סһ۾ʱһľҵôҲûмȺһֱΪֻǴ˵еĶϸͲĴڣû뵽ھеĿһ
ܹһϳſŵȻһҲ֡ȻûмľһЩżϵͼȺǿģȻͻϵĲȫͬҲ١
ȺɽĿɿڴ˺һʱ䣬ǷӦɫʱˣתҪ·ܡ
ż״æһѰȺץסҪ
Ⱥ˵
ôˣһȺǰͷʵ
Ҫǣǳ˰ȺҪˣʵǿᣬҲܺԿɡǻץʱɣɽҲܵҪȥĵطġ
ûôߣգ۾˵
ô߶·ǿȺúˣˡ˵ޣǿڣȻֻܵķˡ
ֻµǰ棬ԼֱץסȺҲ߲ˡ
ȰȰţȴͻȻӦ¸ո˵Ǿ仰˼֮ǰȺʵ̫ļˣҲû˵Ļ漴Ⱥ㷴Ӧۿµ㣬˵ʲôûҪôߣ
ѽ֮ǰ˵ѧȥĵط½ˣܲ·ɡ
Ⱥʹ˻ͷ˼ǣǡȺѾ˵һĻˡ
¿Ⱥͨӣ̲סЦСģ˵ʲô
µĻȺŵһ£һŵǵģ
ǵġͻȻ˵˵ͬʱѾɽȥһȺ˹Ⱥֻһɽȣڳ˯ľ
һ·ȺߵĵһҲȷ˵Ǽ١һ·Ⱥһ⣺ǵģΪ𣿡
ԽȺԽòܣżмصǽĴڡ߰ޣΪĲŶԡ
ȻǰȺŹżļأĴڶš
Ѿۼʶ˾ȻҲٻЩĴ˵ˡ
һ·ȺԽԽ£ߵɽȵʱ·Ѿˮʪ͸һ˫ҲҪŰȺ˫ȷһƨˡ
Ⱥ㵽ʲôѾһ·̲סʵ
ȺһѾ˵ԼʲôˣϾǰûпҲ֪᲻ࡣڸоУȺȴֱǳͷµޡ
Ⱥ֮Իô룬ƺСǳйءӴǻҪ˵ĻĲҪ¹ͷ
ôˣҲǸողź˵ǵĻ𣿡ƵĿȺһŵΪƭ㣿
ǲǡȺæҡͷ˵ɲҵţһɱ˵Ḷ́ȺһΥԸĻ˵
Ⱥǵľӣ̲סЦЦҲ˵ȺŻȥ
ܿ죬ĸ˱ߣǰֱͷϣŻͷһģһĻһߴСȵ˺üҲ֪ȥǣȻ˯
µĴ˭ܵˣǻҲʱ´Щˡ޴Ȼվ㷢һХ
ŭˣ˯б˴ѣȻǼˣһҲ֪ôء
ߵʱĻ㿪ʼ˯˵һ˯ϸʮ±Ǻ顣һҲ֪˶á
Ҳ֪ź»ˣֻǸоڹԼȻŭˡź£Ҳû¹˭ء
ͻ޺ŵȻһҲ⣬붼ϰˡֻ˫ֶס䣬ȴһҲ¡
Ⱥܲ˰ۿҪȺһ˫ȶĸͻȻԼȫһҲûУŵֱӾſˡ
ȺſڵŵһҲҶһ˫۾ȴڿžͷ£̲סҵ̰͸ϽɣɱҲ֮ܳ갡
ʱµȻ֪Ⱥʲô˫ֲվڻͷϣŭˣʱҲŭˡ
ڻͷһٿģһĻһߺðżĹƢǲǣҽлˣ챾Сǵúúʰһٲɡ
ôڴԺ״̬˹
޴ۣһ۱㿴վǰź룬ͷϴµĺ
СһɷͬСɡ
ССʱ򣬻㱻ΣѲӰ
ʱµĽ޴ʱһ漴֫һȺ֮Ҳſˡ
ֻȺǱŵģǱŵġ
ſ˿Ⱥֿ˿̲סЦ˺ˣСŻˣҪǲܷɿɾˡ
ĽȺȵŴ죬ǰ춼û˵һ仰
ʱѾϵСϣͷȺ󺰵
ãȺȻȷʵǺһˡ
ȴڶȺðϡ
СǳĻı˵
˵ͷһҲҵ飬޴նת˲ϵƶˡ
ҵ飬һ١


552 ԭ
ƻ衣
ƹݡ
źȺںȾơ
ʱɽȳһµʱ䣬ȴûеȺ˵ĵط
һںȸɱеľƣʵǵһʲôĵطΪʲôôûûе
Ų֪ȺûƭԼѾͷˣСȻһ£ȻΪÿ춼ҪγԷ·ȴҲ̫һ㡣
ܹסûзΨһԭΪȺ·úҪȥĵطһȥԭķҲΪԭ²̵ڡ
ȺҲһںȹ˱еľƣЩĲȻŲûдȺﺦ°Ҳյĵ
ûа취ſѧȻߡ
Ҫð¡Ⱥ˵ţҲƭ㡣ҵһɵԼЦ
û˵ԹԸԼֵһƣһںȸɣվߡ
ºѾԱˣվһƹ⣬ϻǰȥ
ڼڸ·Ҳ˲ñ˵۹ˣÿһֱûͣڷǰ

µʱܿȥ
ǻƻ衣
ʱһŻһƬĺ֮ϡ
ȺжԶüͷʵ
ˣ໹ʱܵˡȺæ˵
ʱź±˴˶һۡ
ϸĿеһͼǴǳʱħ񽻸ŵģ滭Ǿԭĵͼ
ȺҪȥĵطǲǾԭͻȻʵ
ţȺ㶣ô֪ԭģ
һ·ϣȺҲûԭĸ֡벻Ϊʲô֪ط
ԭӦûκֵ֪ĲŶԡ
žȻ֪
ʲôˣΪʲô֪ԼҪȥĵط
ȺɻĿţŵĻش
Ⱥ飬΢΢ֳһ˿Цݣӣ˵ûˣ
Ⱥ˵ͷûҪȥĵطǾԭҾǴӾԭġ˶٣ȺֵֻҲףţΪʲô֪ԭطҲûȥˣϱӦֵ֪ġ
ǰħսôвΪ֪أ˵
˵ͬʱŵоĹâĶסȺȺܲһ飿
Ȼܡ
ԭû¹ݣʳ仰ʱЩţࡣŽĶȺһ˫۾գҲգ
¹ݣȺգգۣ˿ţֿ˿룬ʱ׹ǱҪԭģҪ¹κ۾Բԣ
һѾµʱ䣬ȺȻ֪뿴һϹˡ
ŵ˵ͷɾ۾ĿȺ˫͸һɺ⡣ȺٲشĻֱӾĲˡ
Ⱥ˸æԭ¹ݣȴײɵ
ȺĻشһʱֻҪоͺãѣҲлᡣ
ֻ¾ǧʱ䣬ԭû¹ˡ
Ⱥţּ˵ԭֻһ¹ݣɽ֮¹Ϊصģκ˽ӽһţʵҲδܹɵΪɽϲֻޣ
ŵû̫⣬Ѿ̫ˡȴȻüȺֻһ¹ݣ
ǵģֻһꡣ
һԭϣ¹𣿡̲ס
ڳʱŻʹħħ˵ԭ¹кܶġ
Ȼħ˵ǧǰҲ֪ھԭûб仯
ܶࣿȺĻкܶࣿҳʱ𣬱֪ԭֻһ¹ݣɽǱ޵κ˽ӽ
ſ£ǧʱþԭҲ˱仯¹ݲ洦ɼˡ
šµ˵ͷô䣬ֻҪоͺáޣֹκ۾
ԡŵͷ֣صĵ
Ⱥ֪Ȥû˵Ųɲ¹ݣһϵûС
ţҪ̫ΣգǾͱȥ˰ɡȴͻȻ˵
뵣ţɲΪԼźȥðա
ô궼ˣҿҲûйϵģҴûп˵
ĻоһʹҲûпһ죬ûпûпɫ
һһŲŵѾˣǵȻʱ㲻ҪģҺ¶µġȨһֻҵĽ¡óϵĽϸĶ˰Σֵ¡
ŲϲԼЩ춯ص飬Ϊģò˵
Ĳ£뻹Щĵʵ
ġ
š˵ͷ˵ĻУžǿˣ˭ҲĶ֡
ҲŲƭԼ˵ܾһܡ˵£ôͲ¡
һäĿΡ
˵ʱ䣬Ļȴһֱûͣ
ˣǰǾԭˡȺһֱעǰʱͻȻ˵
źæǰȥ
ֻڰĺУһ⵺мһָߡķֳ롣
һѩףһ̡
ڵˣǷָߵ룬һ͵İ׹ʣѪϦҲڸǲסһɫĹ⡣
Ⱥָɽǹ¹ݷġµĹ⣬µ㷢Ĺâ


553 Ⱥҵ
һ۴ɽǵ͵¹⣬һĻıСֱȥɽҪǿԵĻֱӰ¹ݲ
Сͺһ漴ӿٶžԭȥ
ŵĻȺɫȴʱˣæУֱȥ¶أǲܾôȥ
ŶſȺֱӳȥѵбİ취
Ⱥҡҡͷûбİ취Ҫɵ¹ݣͱҪػ¹ݵһء
ۿȺȺ⻰ìܡȻûбİ취ͲӦֹŲŶԡ
Ⱥ죬æֵȻҲ֪ʵʲôӵģ֪ǺǿڱԭһߣҲû˸Ҵ¹ݵ⣬үү˵ҲҪݣȥȴûܹŻġ
˼ǣҪȥˣҲŻ
֪Ⱥ˵ԭûдﵽʵģҲ޷жػ¹ݵǲĶ֡
ΪʲôҪֹңŵҲЩĶ֣Ҳһ𣿡
Ⱥɫ˱䣬漴ʵʵĴǵġ
˵仰Ⱥ㷢ĿԼæֵҲȫԭﲢ֮ˣǾȥɽЩܹԼȴδܹסɽֻһػ¹ݡ
ȺĻüͷ𣬳˼Ƭ̺˵ûǾȲȥɽɽҸطȰ밲ȺȻǾԭˣӦܹɡ
ȻܡŲִҪȥɽȺ̲ס¶ЦݣȥҼңұ֤һҲС
ʱĻѷɵ˾ԭĻıСͣ°ɣڸǣҪ̫Զˡ
Сͺһ޴»һƬɫĵߡ
ɽһߣ޵أǰɽȫѩǣһɫûСߣȴⰻȻҲů쳣Ͷɽȫ硣
⻹һĵط´ӻ£ĴΧһУ̲ס档
ﵽǻľǰԶкܶ෿ľ֮Уеݶ𣬿һԴǶ޺Уһѵ֮ء
ŷ̤ʵأҲȺģ
ǰ治ԶһӾ͵ˡ
ǿߡ˵
Ⱥ죬û˵Ⱥ£Ż¡
һ·ϣǾ±ŻҪΣգȻҲûпʵȺţҲԲһͨˡ
ʱܸоɢɱ
·ϵʱߵʱ̫·;̫Զ²ֻһλɹȺƭǡÿǸʱµϱɱš
ȺܹµĳһɱˡҲһںɱˡ
һֱҲҺ˵̫Ļ
ĸɽȥһ·Ȼ˼ңȴûпһ˳
ź¶ЩɻطЩǣںеһ졣
ǺȴûһͬǺ͸½ĳǳûʲôͬи¥ã¥۰϶˲ϡ
ȴûκ̣һׯֻǵطҪȴׯ·ҲûһӰ˶ϲһڼС
СʱסݴׯһԷʱ䣬ڴе·ϱ㿴ˡ
ȻźҲû̫ЩһϵûС
ȺļҾɽϲԶĵطûһӵʱ㵽ˡ
ȺǺͨļᣬԺﾹǻʻһϲѪɫǾޱ
û߽ԺӣŵŨĻ㣬ʹӣǾޱкóʱûŵǾޱأ뿴Ǿޱ׳ʲôӡ仰˵ġ
˵ЩڣԼ˵ǸҪɵ¹ҪɽĺΣô죿Լ᲻ẦţֿʼҲ֪ΪʲôǿģֵŻΣա
һֺìܵ飬ȴìš
룬ܿͻῴǾޱӵġżᶨ˵
˵һӺڸոԼ˵ĻջȴѾˡ
һ˴Ժӣǰ
ŲûȺֱƿţ߽С
ŵ
߽±㷢оȻܸɾǽڻǵ棬ȻһҳûС
Ⱥ㻹мסʵ
ȺҡҡͷûмˣүүǰȥˣҵĸĸҺСʱͱ޳ˡ
޳ˣµ޻𣿡
Ⱥҡҡͷ޲Ҹĸǵɽһˡ
ûʣȺļ£ȻٸʵסֻɻĴȺ뿪ôʱ䣬ôôɾ
һˡȺͻȻ¶Цݡ
˭
ŰѧģұǰѰġشµĻȺͻȻģ𣿡
ڡ߶з䣬Ǵߵķдġ
֮һʮӴߵķ˳˺ȺĸͷݣֻûȺôĺӡ
Ⱥڻˣôķûһһ˵
ֻǻ䣬㷢ŵˣɻĵף˭
ЦЦû˵
Ⱥæ㲻Ҫ˭㣬ѧ𣿡
ĵĵ˵ͷȻˡ
Ǻãھ͸ҡ
ôüͻȻЩ˵ȺΪôԶ·Σգʺһ¶ûУſҪ𣿡
Ⱥ۾һɣ㲻Ǻúõվ𣿡
ȺĻĸˣԭҪҪöࡣ˶٣ͻȻãڿʼûѣ
䣬ͻȻӻͳһ飬ֱˤڵϣתͳȺļš
һֱԿţͷҲصˣ˿ϵ飬ֿ˿ȺϺȻֳ˼֮ɫ


554 ը
Ĵ߳ȥգۼߵټ
̲סȺȺޱεѣܹζԷѰȻȺõѣȻЩ֣ôΪһС¶أ
һˣͺˡȺһ˵һ߶ڵϵݸŵǰѧ
ŽӹϸĿ˿ķ棬ⱾҲǵɫйâŽָеķһģмǡ֣һС֡
ѧķһʹãֻûͨ˲ѧϰ
ŵ˵ͷսָС
¼Ѿˣʱţھȥɽɼ¹ݰɡ
ţھȥ˵ҪԼһȥͿԡ
ΪʲôɻĿţɽʲôǶ֪һȥôУ
ȥ˵Ҫչ롣
չ룿¿š
Ҳڿ£ŵУ¶һϢ˵Ĭ̶ȿ˵һҲڵϲһ±֪ŵ˼
İһ
룬ǺãҾȥɽöԸȻ
֪һΪһ˵һȥת˲ߵӰ١
תһȺһֱڿŵıӰֱȫˣȺתһǶ˰ɣھȥ׼
šĵ˵ͷȺôһѣ뻹;Щˡ
ȥ׼ԵģܿͻȺһ˵һҲ˳ȥ

һӺȺûл
ʱȺûл
һʱ
ȺҵĴһϣվߡ
Ⱥôûлüͷ˵ڸʲô
᲻뿪ʱ̫ˣһʱ֮ҲԵĶ˵
ôܡЦһһʲôԸǣŴ
ţ㶣ſʲô𣿡
µ˵ͷǵģŸΣգ㡣
˵ΣգôûЩֵʵŲû˵Ļ˵ˣΪµĶͱӶҪȱ˵ĺá
ҵġ˵
ŶСʲô˼
˳ĬƬֵ̣ôҲڶûл
ǰӦû˲Ŷԡü˵
ȻɽﲢҪȥҲᵢʱ䣬ѾȥһʱӦû˲ŶԡǺɽػ¹ݵҲҪһʱɣ
ԭйŹ֡а
ҪҪȥɽţͻȻվ˵һ㶼ȫ
ţǳȥҲٵȥǣ־ߡ
ǣ˲ŸոߵſڣڵӾͻȻ
һԼվĵطǰȥһ顣
¿ȷԼûߵʱĽƽģûаݡ
⴦Լȳġ
壡һʱ䣬б뷨
һ˲䣬һֻͻȻסǴնֱײݶϿС
ֻһգ۵ʱ䣬±뵽ǧ׵ĸ߿ա
λûͣȣ·ȴͻȻҵıը漴һǿҵĳֱ
µľ磬Ȼоǹǿĳ
һӣһɫĹ˲ס룬ϵصײڹ֮ϡ
ǿײûײ²µĹ֣ȴʹùǧס
СͻȻһһΪǰⶼ
ԶʱһŭХ漴һľ޴ӰӺϼɶֻǼκʱ㵽ºߡ
Ļ
ں׽ԵģͻȻߵľµĺʱ֪ǳˡ
ʱĻȼһ棬һ˫޴۽Ķŵ֮ϣĴѰû˵ټǿˣ̾ͻᷢҲŭˡ
Ȼʱʱһ٣ǳ֮⣬ȴǻ׽ˡ
»һֻСģʱСʶػһˣһͷĸ飬鲻κܹġȻǸʱ¾۸ͬҲܶණ
һֱС׷ϵĿ꣬߹ֻҪʵ㹻ˣͿ˵Ժ˽
ʵԽǿԽߡӵ㹻ǻۣȻͿѧԡ
Ⲣһֵֵ顣
˵֮⣬СµĹϵõġ
ʱСǻƣֻбһСطû´ֱ䵽⴦ûлĵطֻһͨˣµʵҲܳʱĴڿзУ²ŰС
䵽ϣҲ·ȥȴոԼڵķѲ٣ΧķԲѾΪƽءһƬеĻľһʱǰķݣʱʧĸɸɾ
ȺΪģԲķΧʱѱһ׵ĳ޿ӡɼոǱըжôǿҡ
龰µɫҲЩסԼ磬ʱݶĻԼܹǱըдҲ޷סˡ
ȺͻȻ˵һҲû뵽ȺȻһ壬ֻҪԼ߳űȦסȻʱƵģŪõġ
ֲĲһͳǲҪȥĽڰˡ
ԽԽޣСĴѰҪҵȺӰɽ£ʱȴһ˵ӰӶ
ڻ᲻Σգһǻŭ޴йʱȴ˵
ţһ﷢ôǿҵıըŲܿˣʲôӦ̸Ŷԡ
ȴֱҲûг֡
һ鷳˵


555 ɽ
ɽȥȴɽʱɫâȴǸոʱ¹ݷĹâ
֮ǰ¿ֻһâ𣬶ȴǱһ޴Բ塣
СȥɽһΣˡ´
Сһŭºɽȥ
ôˣµĻ뽹ʵڵţ˵ΣգǰŻˡ
֪룬˵ġŲµġ
šӦȻǵģȴұֳˡȻֻһͨˣҲ֪ʱԼӰµ顣
ٶ죬һɫĵâֻǼκʱ䣬㵽˾ԭĿС
¿ȥȴվɽʮˣʮ֮һɢ¹ݡ
¹ݡǴҲûм¹ݵӣֻҪ¹⣬Ҳܲµĳ
»ܸӦʮվ¹ǰ桢Ĳˣ
ûиӦϵҲܿĳʵ̫ˡ
ŰѺΪǰȺ󱳻ҪΣա
ŵǰԶˣҲǧ
ȺĺȻЩ˵ǰߡ
źǧ֮ȴǳͨģ֮仹һɫĹĻ
ĻһǽһԲεȦźʮСԭ򣬲ʹЩûйš
ʱŵ񽣣ǰγһ룬ɢŨâ
ɽ¿ģֵĹâ
ţͻȻһһһбһ⽣Ǵڴ
һ
һѵصǺһçһѵ
ʣһȻµС
ųµУ㷢Ũҫ۵ɫâϵĹâңӦ
ڵţȴƸûµûпһۡ
ʱţȷʵµҲ
ŵǰһƬɽߵĿֱɽ
Ҳǧˣǰɽħޣħ޾;ǰԶŻ
Ҳ֪ǰһǻþΪڵԭʱſԿ϶⸽ûһƬɽ
ԭֻˮޱ޼ĺˮ
ǰı仯ոյɽʱģһ󷨣һ˵󷨡
Ȼ֪ǼٵģȴȻһҲҴ⡣Ϊܶ󷨵İأȻŲ٣󷨵Ļԭġ
ǰֵħޣȻһħޣȴܴûΣա
Ϊ˵ǱУܹΣȻʵģҲһ̺Σա
ֻɱ˵ϲŻɱһΣյҲһ¶ΣյϢֻϢ˸оΣգӶûɸΣյ
ǰȺɽħޣüͷ벻⾿ôһ顣
ԭһĵ̣һ򣬶ȴɽ
һ󷨵ȻЯִģһһռһء
ʱȻǾԭռأȻҲᱻˡ
ˣΪʲôڶӦúǺͻȻһֱ߳ŵߡ
ǺſԵǺƿ󷨣
˵ͷѾʱˣҲĲࡣ
Ŷ۴ֻһŵȻѾĲ࣬ΪʲôȥȴҪأ
Ĳܲƽ¶ֻ֪󷨵ӣȴ֪ƽ֮
ʲôӵģæʵžһֱ
֮ǰѾԹ˼ΣԼеһȴһЧûС
Ϊİƹһж˺ıڣǲ֪صĲʲôǸܻٵ󷨵ġ
ڵΣŻͱɡŲŻᷢʡ
һ˵һǰȥֱ߽ǰħȺС
ħ޲ǼٵģҲûʲôΣաаҲ˹ȥ
ûʲôĻӦúʮսģֵ֮Уֻʱˡ
ߵħǰЩħ޾ͻȻʧǰľɫ䣬ԭħȺͻȻдеһƬɭ֡
סҵĽŲһ߲ȻΣաǰͻȻ˵
ʲôΣգ̲סʵ
ﵽܹըʯֻҪϣͻᷢҵıըһһ˵Ǳٶ࣬ȴֻʣʮĶʯըˡҲǵŻһȫĵ·
ĻŵһܹͨǴﵽ˺񾳵ʵ
ʵ£ȴը˽٣ɼʯжǿ汻ըҲұ֤ԼܲܳܵˡһҲҴ⣬ֻܽĸĽŲ
ĽŵĽžҲ
շģͲõĻʯˣȴ˵УѾԹˣ֮Уһ˫뿪棬о޴Ϸ£ܹĳȴܹʯӶըԼΣա

Сϵ£ʱһŽıԵȥ۾˺ܳʱ䣬ߡȻ±㿴žٽŽȥ


556 Ǳŭһ
źþеɭ֣һˮߣˮ塣
ɣҲǻþûнеʱſúɽһǱѩһǲԭûˮ
ͣ½Ųָǰˮ̽ˮ̶󷨵ıԵֻҪ㹻ǿܹӲ磬ƻ󷨡
۾𣬵ʮҲƲ磿
Ʋķ̫ǿܻãҹͣĶˮҹҲûаѽһѺۡ
ŶôǿĽ磿üȷˮ󷨱ԵĽ磿
ͷд
Ϊһˣƿ磿
пܡеĽܸоĳⲻһͨĽܹӵһˣҲһһͨˡ
ãҾԡһ˵һ߾еĽȻǰĺȥ
һӽػں֮ϣľ졣
涼ҵ
޴֮£ȴûкˮһˮûС濴һģûΪŵĽķѡ
۾ֻһܸоԼеȷʵһ磬ܸܵǺˮԡ
񽣾˿ûͣڶ¡
漴ǵĽ
ɽϷµ۾ҲŽŲͣĻӳеĽͣڽ֮ϡ
ÿһĻӳɽ﷽Բ綼˾ҵ𶯡
¿ĳȥֻҪʮžһ硣
Ƿ֣еĵطѾֳϸСơ
ŵʵ̫ǿᣬ̫СС磬ͲסŵĹ
ʱڽǧˣͻȻΧ˱еĽ紦ǰŵ˾Ƿ׷ͷڵԼ䵽֮ϣǱѳѺ۵Ľ羹Ѹٻָ
һŵ˺ˣڶŵֶ䵽ϣγһѭ
Զ硣
ѹʮʱ䶼ܰѽƻֺǿʮôܹǧ˵ȣ
οⲢĶײ֮ܵ󷨵Ӱ죬ܶܰеƻϡ
Сϵ¼ΣеŭһӾʹﵽ㡣
С롣˵
ڻڵͬʱһԾ뿪ıһֱеĽѿٵ·Ⱥȥ
ⱩǣȺ֮С
֮һƬ¡ǻϢ
СҲŭˣ¹ͬʱСҲŵ淢Ĺ
ڵĻʵĻҲǴﵽ˺񾳵ľ磬³ĻҲ˭ܹסġ
µһСһʹɽͻȻ;ҽûС
ԭǧлڲϵ˵ȴһûС
ȵһϨʱɽǱÿտյ⾹ֻ˻վ
ɶѾˣĺܳףʬ嶼ûʣ¡
ʣµУȺģˡ
˶а߳ĺ룬һɫһڣһɫ԰׵ûһѪɫ
۴ˣӿл£ֱ䵽ǰ
ڵͬһʱ䣬ͻȻһ죬顣
ŵǰȻʣеĻþ˲ʧһ۱㿴ºͶˡ
һ˲㵽ߣô¶
һǿѹеŭ֮ҺȺұըȻɽ㱻ڽУýƻʱǾڽ油ֹ
˵ĺֻܼ࣬Ǽ仰˵ʱ䷢飬סӱڽһűµһȺΪҲ뵽¿ܻΣգȴû̫ģƾµʵһԱ롣
ȺĳܵʱűȺ˳ʵĪ˵ûıŶţչ롣
ˣȴ˵û뵽ɽȻҲ󷨡
û뵽һ㣬ΪŲ֪ڵľԭѾǧǰͬڣѾ˺޸ռһʱˡ
ѾսʤޣԭҲֻʣڵʮǣɽҲûһͷ޺һĴڡ
Ҳѱɽ֮áźԶȥҺܻܿܿΪȺѾҵ˶Ըǵİ취ǰҪûԸġ
¼̵˵Ҳ˿˿һƬǽɽոһкܶ˰ɡ
µ˵ͷǧˣҺͻɱˡ
۾𣬿ǰˣ۹ӹĺȺϸĴˣһŵǧֻǼҲܲˡ
ЦһҲǼ򲻼򵥣ȴ
ĶȺȺһ˾㣡ıȺˡ
ǱҪɱ»ôȺͬϾ˫һ·һµʱ䣬ȻѣҲеˣȴû뵽ȺȻ˺Ƴ˺ݶļıԸԼšֻԸԼãȻ붼ŹΪ룬Żߣɱǧ˶ûнޡ
Ⱥ䶢סԼ񣬻̲סһ·Щ£Ҳ֪²һͨˣȺȴû뵽¾Ȼǿ˵زһɱǧˡ
ȻոջҲг֣侳ȺǺûƬ𺣣һҲı䣬ûܹסµһ
Ҫ֪ɽϵˣεĶǺ⾳ʵҪʲôľܹһɱǧˣ
µʵһ㶼
ڣµǷҪɱԼɣһҪԼ
ȺԽԽ£ҲǶԽԽ


557 ìܵ
µƢһֱᣬ˵Щ꣬ȴҲûɱˡ
Ȩභʱ¶ûŭ
ϾȨ֮ĳ޻ǹģȨɱţҪȥҲ޿ɺǣ֮ǵˣһĶ棬ۻȨʲôʵ֡
ʵŵĲǿߣŲĵ
Ⱥȴͬڱᣬº뵱˰Դڰȴļıһ·õ˴ʱҲܲˣοµӱͲá
Ⱥ³ѾԤϡܸĴۣ¶ٷŹ
ȺȻҲһ㣬֮ǰҶԸź£ȺȻаգòǿ󵽺ֵزٻˡ
Ⱥܹסʯıը
Լп˴ʯںһ·ʱƺõġ
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ȺҲУȺѰԼ˾ԭƺ˶Ըźµ塣
ȺȴҲû뵽ô޷ļƻ֮£źھȻվԼǰ
Ⱥˣܲ£ɽˣֻʶŵʵȻʱ߻վžԭǿߣȺһ㰲ȫҲûС
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ھԭǾһĴڡΪմߵ˵Ĵ죬ܹǴ˾ݴǧޣռԭӴ˲ĵ
һֱҲڵһΪǿģϻûɱ˵ˡ
ǶˣһɱǧˣҲûоôǾԼҲܹһ㣬ȫʩΪĻһ֮ɱ»Ҫܶࡣ
ΪµļޣȴûɽһҲǧˣ±ɱҲɱˡ
һҲûаºŵһ飬֮ǰµЩıȺŪģȻҲ֪һ㣬ȴûйʡǸмС¡ɽȴΪΪȺ˵ŵϡ
ʱȺŵĺһֻӣЩͷĵȺʲô³ӣѵǰɱ㲻ɣ
ȺھԭõˣȻҲѶȡҪ齻ˡ
˵ĻȺ嶶һЩҲûмϼһʵҲܹкŶԿҲ˵
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Ⱥæȥһ˫۲ʱɨɽ£аϼһܲסźһʱ䣬˭ʤ˭ܣԼ͵͵ߣʵ̫Σˡ
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ԹʱڽдҵԵǸȴͻȻŵˣɲȺͷһˡ
ſ˿Լߵ˵ͷܲöԷˣԷ꣬ûҲδܹ߳ĳַ˵˵ŵĶˣȻ֮໥ţҲߵóȴһԹˣ˶һҲС
ʱȻֹȥͷˡźǱ꣬еԹֻԼ࣬ԲԼ١
ŵ˵ͷ¶һ˿м֮ɫ֮ǰǱԼߵߵĴڣǱ꣬ԷȴӶûѽƿеĲ಻Զ
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üưɽִɱ˾ԭе壬ΥǧǰµԼҪʲôԭǧǰ¹ַԼ
۽ǰ¹ưɽǿҹƽ߰¹ֱøңһɽ𣿡
ƽ¹һЦûһĶ֣ȴҪԵĶԾͽйƽ¹ݱڱԭϲɢ޺аܹ޸ĽȴŴ߾ɼ¹ݣǻٵԭֻʣһ¹ݣû뵽ȴ֪㡣
ߵԭе¹ݣһŵĹЧ˭֪¹ǧꡣе¹ݣȴֻһţһ𣿡
¹ʥ¹˵ʲôã
ߣҲ֪¹ȻֻܹΪͬǵҲܴ󡣡˵ƾʲôֻǽ¹ʵǾͲԡ
⻰¹ֶЩֻǽ¹ݵٻǣأǿ¹ģǸǿ
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ãʹ򡣽ҾҪΪɱ屨ѩޣ¹˵


558 һ
¶һԲϣǵ֡սһԭʮǺȫܵǰ棬ͷΧסʼȺŹ
ȺȴЩǰʱ˳ȥ˶һۣһ仰Ҳ˵תɽȥ
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˼Ⱥֳ⣬Ҳһ㶼ɣȺȥ
ֻǣȺûܳףȴͻȻͣ
ǲܲͣǵǰͻȻһϮǲͣƱػᱻС
ҲͨˣֻɽһһݣԲǡ
Ӽ˶ֹһ˲ɣһ£ֱֱǵǰ˵ĽűߣͻȻͳһʮ׵Ĺ֣˷Ӧһ㣬ʱնϡ
龰ȺĶͷʱĺ顣ͷ˿µĹ֣ǰȥȴǰѶˡ
ź£
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ЦһǺã˭ġ
ϼһȺٴֲ̧˲Ѿϵĺ飬һжģĺһϵûС
ģ۾𣬵Ⱥ㵱ĺ㣬ô֪ҺŻôܻǰЩ飿
Ⱥסʱӱε˵ôܻ˵޷죬ڸûǵʱ䡣
Ⱥ˵ּ˵Ⱥ㻹ǲ˽¡ҲһˣǽĺһϵûУҲɱ㣬Ϊ޷֤Լ޹ġ
Ҳ֤ҸɵİȺ˵
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ǵģʵ¶ҪɣֻҪɱȺʵ͹ˡϵĵȭͷġ
ҪɱȺµȻȺȺɱڵһͲҪ˭˭ŵԶǶԵġ
Ⱥ˵ҪɱȺֻҪһɾ㹻ˡ
µĽѾֱָȺʺ
Ⱥĺˮ࣬Ļѱˮʪ͸
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һЦȴһ仰û˵мС˵һ仰
һӳһȺ屻Ϊ룬һ뵹ڶߣһ뵹ߡ
ֿģҲ
˵±ٴλӳһ

ˣºŵӰͻȻʧԭأٳʱɽ
ɽսѳְȻ
ô̶̵ʱ䣬ʮֻʣ¶ʮֺȴһû٣ǵϱһ˶ûС
ԶԶ˵Ķ֡
ưɽʱٶࡣʱԸ˴в
ֻʣʮԶԶǵĶ֣ѹָո˵ôȷʵпıǮ
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ɽƬ̼䣬ǽʣĶʮʮ
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䣬ͬʱ֣һǿΪģӿȥƬ֮䣬ʮֻʣһվԭأĶˡ
ת˲źǰȴûжҲûͷŽ磬Լ壬Ȼӹ
ôǿһ㶼˺ºš
ǻվŵȴǰ¹дҵԵİ¹¹ܹվţȴΪźһܹӲסĳײǳߵҪĵط˺ܶࡣ
¹¹ݣֺŵôһֱõɽ¹ݣͷʱ򣬿¹ݵķӡǣ¹һ١
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ֻʣ°¹һ˻ţ룬ǰȥûֱˣǶŰ¹˵¹ݵġ
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Ҳ˭Ҷǲɵ¹ݲɡں˵Ϊ֮ǰİҲ󷨡ϣ㲻Ҫֹҡ
¹̾Ϣһֻʣһһֹ˭˵ţ˿ǰˣҲ¹ݵ꣬Ҫɵ¹ȴһ׵顣
ǣҲǿһۣҵˡֻҪ㲻ֹˡ
ãҲֹ¹˵ȴ֪һ㣬ֹˣô죿
ŵɱ㡣
¹˵ͷȻˣҲͲ֮ˣˡ䣬¹תߡ
ո˵һ仰¹ŶԸˣҲڣѾûйϵˡ
Ҳܹ¹˼ȴ˵ɱ㡣
ð¹ҲҪ
¹תɽȥֺŵ˾ҲûֹʱǶڿţдŨŨɱ⡣


559 ˵ĽŵĽ
Ҫ¹ݣͻȻǰһĿţ˵
ǵģҪ¹ݡŵҲ䡣
ƾ㣿۾𣬽Ķסš
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죿۾𣬡Ҳ֪ҿһҲûĸ˸ҳԼġ
Ϊǰûҡ˵ֻ·ߡ
Ŷ
һѰҿԷ뿪
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ڶͻȻȵţѡһ֣
һЦһҲѡȴԸһѡ񡣡
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˵
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ԷͻȻŭ쵰һҲǰȥڶͬʱѶһ֮ǰԸʮʱûаνļˡ
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һ˲䣬Ȼ¶ȥ¹ݡ
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Ҳݶ̫Ҫ¸Ū˲С
ûпԼܶԼĽ
ҿ϶Է˵ĶԼһֻû¹ݵʱ򣬱һ̴ʺ
Ȼ´ʱӦĶҲ֪ỹûзԼ֮ǰһ֤֮µʵ
ȴ벻ôԭ
ʱҲûʱʲôԷȻԼҲҴ̳еĽ
ѽӽ£̧еĽ
ʱ¶һ롣УҲֻܶһˡ
ֻаס׵ľ룬˵ѲǾ롣
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䣡һ죬ͻȻͣ£Զ˶٣󵹵ȥ
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ڣžߡҲн
ڻشͬʱѴ̳


560 ¹
˷ŻûʱѴ̳еĽ
ʱ֪ǿ˺̶ֳȣŴ̳һ޷һ
һٶȲ죬ȴһɡһ˲䣬ǲóԼٶȣĶĽŵĽС
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ֻǼĶźȴסǵȻΪ˵ľ˶˷ܵ顣
źסģ뾹Ȼӻȥ
Ҫ֪׸ߣֻһͨˣôߵľ룬ô͸ȥأҿڵϱıģһҲûܵӡ


561 Ǿޱд
źãŴӻ
ֱӾǰŵ룬ôܴôߵĵطģ
һ˫۾գѽզĿţǱŻĵܸ𣿡
ţܸߡһͨ˴ôߵĵط·ˤɡ
ôһ鶼ûУͷ˵ܿˣ˾ǻ࣬ҲƤ࣬ڵһСӡ
ǰôһ鶼ûУҲ벻ôһ顣
ҲûпôûΣҲ֣ôһ¶ûͺܲˡ
Ҿһ¹йأͷ¹ݼʮ⣬˵¹ݶѾǧˣزѰ֮
š˵ҲȻæץ󣬲鿴ڵΡ
һ˿ϸ̽һǾȵķ֣ľͨҪ࣬ӵк徳ǿȣǾУһ˿ڻζ
ţϸĸӦ˿òŷֲ֣ܹӼ׸ߵĵطѾǺ徳ľˣֻҪһЩ˵ǼףǴӼʮ׵ĸ߶Ҳ¡
Ǻ徳ľ硣۾úôͷŵô˺徳أ
ЦЦһ¹ݵԭ򡣾ֱܰͨӴ֮ˣ¹ݹȻ֮ֲͷôǣǷˣһԷӳ޴ãǵľһȼҲпܡ
벢֮ˣһҲ¹ݶǧ֮һҲղˡⲻǧ֮һһͨ˴ﵽ˺徳ЧɲҲδܹ
ֱͨӿԽ徳еѶһҲȴӺ⾳סѭ򽥽ͬȫ¹ݵģһϵûС
ŻҲû˵ҩ
գ˫۾һŵĻԺǲҲˣ
ȻˡЦ˵
š̫ˣţǲҲŪһֻػˣ
Ѷȣϵħ޶ѾħѾٲػ޵Ĵˡ
ô죿ʵ
Ĺһ
һǲҪˡ
ţ㶣ǲиػ޸飿ʵǿߣ
ǰǿ߸ʲôôˣǿǿʲôϵأ
죬Ҫػ޾Ȼֻ뵱Ҫػ֮ˣ֪ʲôķӦ
ʲôʱܹûħػ޾͸ץһЦ˵
Ҳûҵػ޵Ļᣬʳ͵ĶﲢᱻħֻǼûҪػޣʳ͵ͨǿܹҲô
Ƕ˵ȴνػ޵ġ
ȻŵĻ˵ҵػһҪܿɰģóĲҪͷ̫ĲҪпװͰ͵ҲҪ
Ŷ̲סʲôǿװͰ͵أ
ָԵľСľǡ

ĻһֱſצӻȦȥˡһ仰̫ˡ
ǹЦܿˣ˶˱仯ⲻֻı仯Ըܿһ˲俪ࡣ
ڵӲһֵഺ껪ŮһŮӡ
ǰʵ̫Ŀֻ࣬ǿһ㣬ʧȥ̫Ŀ֡
ߣɽ˵룬ȥϲǾޱ
ţððıɽȥһһָߵţʲô
ĻŵоͻȻһʹ˽ʮ룬Ȼ֪ʲô
ɣ˵
ţÿָϵʲôɫ
ɫ
ɫҲ֪һոճĺӣŸոտʼӴ
һ˺ܿɽ൱ں徳壬ߵĿһ
㡣ϸſһƵ㣬ϤǾޱ㡣˳һƬǾޱǰϸĿǻãתͷŵǾޱ
ţǾޱŴ
Ǻɫ
ǵģǺɫ
ɫĻֱֵȥǾޱ
ֲֻŸոմµ֦ʹһһֻֿٵ˻
Ǿޱд̣֣ѪǾޱһ졣
⻨ˡתͷš
æǬָҳɴָϣǵģǾޱд̡
룬ΪʲôǰҵǾޱûҵ֣
˵أ΢΢¶һ˿޵ЦݡֻǱǾޱһ£һҲأȻҪΪ뵣ġ
ǾޱҲֻǴһƤҲǺ徳壬Ǿޱ̵Ҳܡ
СĵĲһǾޱļ̣һ˫ͻȻֳһ˿ɫ͸ҵǾޱǰѴժȥġ
ŵ˵ͷ
ֵһѣҪժܾòժɾɣ
Ҳúܾá˵
۽ͻȻЩʪҲ֪ǾޱϻôĴ̡
͸ǾޱԴʱһΣǾޱķ䡣
ӵǾޱ붼ȴһҲûбһӵĻһ̶ûС
ҪϸĺĲܹһ㣿
ǸʱΪʵԸûûҹȴǻôʱΪȥǾޱĴ̡
ͻȻޡ
ǾޱǰͻȻ˶˵
һ˼ǰ
֪˶೤ʱ䣬žĻƻͻȻ˲г
ǵһģϸһͻȻ˵ǴӺߴ
ʱҲӦ˹ߵȥ
СһڰиǵĻʱ
ϵϣСշֻǼκʱߡ
·ȥͬʱһ


562 СĻ
ԭĺߣʱǿһɫϺзĸŵ㣬ȷӻĹꡭ
ĴӺˮϾԭ֮ݲ
⺣еԽԽ࣬ͷϾһɫǵԽԽŨһӵʱ䣬ŵ˵߾ǱסһҲϵΡ
ţô£ôӺº˵һħģ⺣еҲħ𣿡
ŵ˵ͷȻˣȻôôŨħ֣ǰôû˵Ҳħ޵Ĵأ
µɲǺҲħ޵ĴڣӦ˵ﶼħޡϺˡ
ԭһֵĵطŵҲûʲôϵǻ뿪ɡ
ȻŲħޣҲûбҪȥǣе˵ħ޵ĻҲɱ
ţߡҲ˵
ֻĿ棬⺣ﻹôСﰡǸһǵļһ棬ĺѽ
ڹꡣЦ˵
Ŷԭڹ갡˵çڹ꣬ѵçͳ𣿡
죬̲סôʲô˵
СźϷȥ뿪˾ԭ
Χƶ䣬һƬĺˮһ´ȽȽ𣬷İɫ»ֱôˡ
뿴ʲôģʲôʵġһ˫۾ĴĿͣסŸָĶ
һֻץסһСҲ졣
ºŶ״µ룬ٵ˯ž̫˷ˡ
һ˫ǲͣסŵĸ첲ҡҡģסʲôʲô
ʱȴһ㶼Դס˷ܵӣҲЦͣ
һʮ꿴ϹӣͻȻܹˣֵһ顣
ʵܼ򵥡
ºڶָо
ϲһ𣬿ϲЦӡ

Сɵĺܿ죬ǰյʱ䣬뿪ããĴ󺣣½֮ϡ
ǰʮﴦһСС򲻴ȴ֮
ʱҹ֮󣬵СȻеƻܿСһϣо¥ŵơ
룬𣿡ʵ
ţգգۣһ˵Ƕءǵԭʱǻƻ裬ǸʱѾˣȺøŪĽڲ߳ȥġ
֮ô飬۾ܿھּ֮ȵ˷֮£뾹˼ھһᣬӾ̲ס
һʱ侹ǶЩܲסˡ
ЦЦĻͷСˣҪԷȥˡ
СһСȥʮľ룬Ǽκʱ㵽СֱӾСһҷǰ
СĵĽֵխСʵ̫ˣСѹ˾ƹݶһ˼ҵԺǽ
Сָƻˣһ·㶼ѹٶ˰ǵģû³ôĸͷʲô̲ס˵
СίĻͷһۣĵܹôĴСɲܿƵ˵İ
һѹһǽȻС¥Ҳһ˼ңǺʮˣжŹ棬һôô£
ǰѾǰΣ˺ԺǽԺǽˡ
Ժǽô
˭֪ڵϹҲ
Ƕľƹݾеƻ𣬵ǱСӴסЩ˿ľǺһƬˡҲΪǸոմܳûӦڰĹϵ
һȺǰ˼˷˲ԣԺǽʲôôиӰ
ţȷʵжܴ󰡡
ǰ˶˲ѰŲʱǰ߳ˣҲڿСģ
ѽְ֪˭ͻȻһǲܹһſˡ
ҲǣһˣܼСȻһװͰ͵ȻҹҪǲŵǹ¶
һƵĺȺȻͣȻ˶ſڵ޹ĿǵС
˶ɵˡ
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ǵģȷʵǲСģҲˣҲ̫ˡ
ŵĻ˳˿ôѾûˣתͷˣŵǸǮͲˣ㻹ǿĳŪ߰ɡ
áתͷºҲѾӻ£ССȥĵط棬һٻǡ
ХһһնȥֻǶķȴ˵㣬ʹ⻧˼ҵԺǽֱһƬ
Ǽ˼ˣиǷ˵ʲôҲûҪŸ⳥ҹټ޲
żΣҲûм֣ת߽˶ľ¥
¥˲࣬С֣ʱҲжȾơ
׼ȷ˵УʱֻһˣҲΪһˣ¥ûйš
źȴʶǴӾԭİ¹
¹ǸΨһŵ뿪ԭûԶ˾
ѾʱȴںȣҺȵĺܿ졣
߽¹㶣һŵţû뵽㾹ȻԻų
ЦЦֱ¹£ΪʲôҲܻų
¹û̻شŵĻСðһϺõľƲˣȻŵ˺û뵽㾹Ȼܹǵ»ӳ
ӳ¸Լ˱ƣΪʲôҪ˵ӳģǿɱͷժ¹ݴҡڵ߳ġ
ɱǣ¶ı齩ס룬ȴĴԼȻԷ۾Ѿˡ¶ɱǣʵ벻¹û뵽žȻֺŸֲҪԼİ԰Լ˳
ҲԼ˱ƣûͷϾȥǵ¹ȥ
¹ȴҲûнŵĻͻȻʵţʱ򣬾ԭûзʲô仯
仯룬Уߵʱ򣬿˾ԭ
ŵ仰¹ɫͻȻͱˡ


563 ֲĴ˵
¹ĿţǴӺǲħޣ
ŵ˵ͷ¹һ֣صɫŵɫҲ֣ЩϺз֮ԭͻȻħ졣
¹գգۣƱһںȸɱоƣԭ˵Ȼġ
ţźĿŰ¹̲סʲô˵
¹Ĵ˵ǰûкġΪħͨħͨʹ緢˱仯󲿷ֵݡӶ˺һ½Ҳķѣ顣ںеʵǴħħޡ¹ؼ֮յ֮¹ֻںм䣬ֻҪϻһ¹ݵĴڣѹסеħֻҪ¹ʧеͻָ̻ԭ̬ħޡ
ôһСС¹ݣѹסеĺֵĿŰ¹Щŵ˵
¹ٴκȸɱеľƣҲŻ飬ȴѾʵʵڵķˣǶеħˣǾ֤⴫˵ġò˶ãҪħռˡ¹̾Ϣһˣֹħˡ
ð¹ĻŵɫҲˣȴΪħ뵽һ顣
һվͻȻò˵ĺﶼħޣ
¹˵ͷ˵о˵ġ
ŵɫֱ䣬ò԰ףͻȻתȥǿߣ
û䣬ŵ˾ƹ⣬췢һХڵХСһ
ŵХԶҲһХǻХ
ŵУܹٻǺܼеٻ
κʱ䣬СϷٵ
һСúܼһҲûмСġ
飡һ죬С£֮ǰѹٵǼԺǽʱŸո޺ãȴֱѹ
ǼҸո׼ݵˣκû޳
ŴʱȴûпһۣûҪǮľٶ
ʱºҲߡ
ߣץֱ֣Ӵϵ˻ϣæҲȥ
Сߣһ󺰡
СХһӦ޴նתۼʧߡ
ֻǸٴαѹԺǽ˿Цõվ

ХСٶȷУŷԸġ
Сϵ룬ֻХķĿѣΪҲ뵽ڵʲôͬҲΪµ顣
ţôˣߴʵ
ʱŵоֳŨŨľ⣬Ǵĺ£»Ҳûм³ӣһ˲ҳһƬʱ侲˼ˡ
һ¹˵Ĵ˵ģھΣˡ
ţ㶣漴ɫҲ˲ˣñŻҪ԰ס
Ҳں롣
Ҳ˾ԭҲħӿǡ
²ᷢʲô
һֱǶΪһȫĵطһħ޶ûУħҪѰңããҵһССĵ졣
ˣźһֱҲ̫ħʲôѣ˵У˵һϵҲûСֻҪǻúõģֻҪС¥úõģһжá
ڣ¹Ȼ˵еﶼħޣôǾͲһȫĵطˣȫһΣյڡ
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Ҳͬ£С¥ǵҪҪ
Сٿ㣡ͻȻ
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С¥еÿһ˶ѣÿһ˶䣬ˣûȨ
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Ѿӵ˺徳壬ȻܲסĿ硣
ߵķһӾʧæ˵Ͼֻһ˵δؾģҲһ鶼ûء˵밲οź£Ҳ밲οԼֻǣ˵ͬʱĻԼе˵Լ
µǾԭȷʵǳħޣһ֤˵ˡ
ҲΪ¹ݾھԭԱߣ¹ݲŻҲֻôСһݾӰ硣ʵź»Ҫ£лһǴ˵ģͳǧˡΪźҲȥԭɼ¹ݣǾʲô鶼ᷢˡ
Ը˵Ǽٵġ˵ҲôСһݣôá
˵еĵȴһҲûм٣ϾǶۿеϺзħ޵ģǰûħޡȻԭħܹ죬𴦵ȻҲԡ
緢飬жܹԳƲģжܹأ
µüͷҲһҲûչĿǰһŵҪãǲܵǣ
ŵҲҪµʱ䡣
ǵģ¡
ǲԲȲ˯һֱͣĸ·ҲҪ²ܹǡ


564 ǵΣ
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çһСԽţ⣬çǱӲġçͲøǮˡ
çҲֵóֻҪԼһٽţ⣬ôһ;ԲҪν˵̣ž
ҲֻǶһѣڶͻçԷ顣ôԴçͻôԴç
СгԵ⽴ţζȷʵֻһˣçʵҲϲԡ
˳ԵһʱͻȻԶһֵ
ţϸһôôĶʲôأ
çȴУûдﵽ񾳣ȴѾﵽ˺񾳶㣬֮Ĳɲһ㡣
ʲôȻǺˡçһߵŰţ⣬һߺ˵
ȴҡҡͷǣⲻǺ˵
ʲôçʵ
֪̫ӣ
˵ʱ䣬ȴͻȻͰ
ţˣç̧ͷŴ⿴˿ǵԼʱյģô˵أҲ̫˰ɡ
漴çͷ˲ѰһʹζСȻǺɫģϵⶼס
çüͷһӾħ
ڰǵʱçûٳȥħޣħǼΪϤһ㷢ɫħȻʱŨçܹоǹϢ
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ΪԺħԽԽŨ
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ԺͻȻôˣǶ֣æҲ˳
Ԭһһ֮ɫ̲סʵôˣǲǷʲô飿
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С¥ǵģǵǿ˵Ѿǡ
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Ҫô죿ǲ뿪ħ˵
ҡҡͷУͱ̻㶼ڣҲߡ
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˴ǲˣﶼܵ½ˣںﻹᰲȫ
ǴʱĻڵĻһҲûˣԴ˰ȫ뿪
ȴһһظϡ
ժ¹ݵʱǻƻ󣬶ȴ峿ǲûͬһʱħҲҿϣ֪ܲ̾ͱ˷ء
ҲߣҲ˵ĸ綼ͨˣҲһ벻ǡҾֻԼʱҲ뿪
ŵ˲ܡ
ֻҲûһҪߵˡ
ħô˵ֻ֪һ´ҵ˼Ҳ߲ˡҲУħڸ֮󣬱ֻк񾳵ʵԼӣȻҲܶ뿪
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Ϊ˵ĺе֪˺еı仯Ȼ̵ʱڸֻǾ̫ԶˣҪסһʱԲ̡
գգۣͻȻ裬ǼһжٳԵĶ
ţԬ̲ס㶣˶衣
漴Ǳ㷴ӦҪһ־ս
ӦûԵġ˵
ȥ򣡡ķӦܿ죬ûʼ򣬾뵽˳Ե⣬ȷʵܹͨ뵽ġ
ç̲ס죬һĿʵ벻ͨСѾͷһ쵽ﶼЩʲô
ڻû˵ʱ˾ͷɳԺӣ˵仰ʱ䣬˻ѾһӵĶѶڵ£ç߹ȥȴоаӵĽţ⡣
çΪʲôܹ뵽ԵˣǵĽţ⡣
ҪôֿЩħޣͻȻ˵
ħ룬סԺӣôˣŲѡ
š˶˵ͷʵķ׷ɢγһȦѺԬûΧм䣬ħǰ
ǲûŻסǣǸǲܵ顣
Ժе׼һ֮ҵҲԽԽ


565 ħϮ
վС¥ԺУԽԽǻǵнԶʼһ̳ڰյĺС
ֱç߳ʱľƹҲ֮ڿ˴Ӻħޡ
Ӵڹֻ꣬ŵ㣬˻Ϻһͷ͹һ䷿ӵĴзûнȴܹǰı
ҪʲôʲôǺеﶼУֻ벻ģûпġ
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ҿôࡣçɫѾЩˣȻ֪Щħ޵ʵǿǿǾҲԲ׶Ըؼһ㣬Щħ޵һͷһֱںͲ֪ж٣ǾôԴԴϵ˭ܵˣ
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ħ޵ʵ̫ˣǰͺ̣޾ݡħҲкɫħӿײڽ֮ϣħĺɫĽɫ໥ʴƬ̼ͱ䵭ࡣ
ڵĳ¾Ȼɫ˲ò԰ס
ôˣΪ˳¾Ȼæʵ
¾ȻſڣȻ³һѪ֮絲סǣħ֮羹Ȼ໥ʴ
ǿ쳷˽磡ħͻȻ˵Լý磬ҪܹĽ磬ǲýӲ
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˵ͬʱΪ˫㣬ÿһεһɫĹâԺһǡ
ΪһʮָʮâǲóһİͼΡ
ΪһӣһƬܶȥʮ˲γһ硣
һԲΣȴֲǴԲĽ硣
ֶΣΪµĽ磬ħ̲ס޵е涼תƳȥκ޷ʵԷӳãӦһ˰ɣ
Ϊ˵ͷһ󷨣֪Щħ޵ʵΣ֮綼סҲδֵܹ೤ʱ䡣ֻ湥ȴͷŵ棬谭ǵĹڱ빥ЩħޣǽӴ硣
šΪĻçæܵԵȭħ޴ȥ
һʱ䣬һӽӿ棬Ϻзʱ֧飬ƬƬ
Ĺ񫣬һߴһߵЩħ޲˵úܰǰ͵ȵķǶ硣˵ûбǰķǣЩħ£ȷʵһֿʵûС
ȴһ㣬ڵʵѾﵽ˺񾳶㣬ҲǵǵʱˣڱǺ龳ʵҲȻûеֿķݡ
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ֻǰգȴ֮С֪ħʱǸҲҳħٴһս
Щ飬Ԭ˲֪ŵȻԼĵ˵
ǣǾޱеԬ˶ܸˡ
ֱ̫ˣţôһﰡͱ̻һߴѵĲѪǾޱһʵ
ǻȨϼңҲϴ׷ٻȨʱ֪ġҴɵ¹ݣʹǰ˭֪Ƿħ޹ǵ¼
ĴĿǳǾޱ֮⣬ʲô̲סǾޱʲôû𣿡
Сŵ߹Ƭһ羰ˣɭ֣иɽһƬܴĺҪסĵطǺĵһ졣
ŶΪʲôҪסںĵĵϣͷʵ벻ͨȻʲôУΪʲôҪסڵϲأ
ŵΪзӰõķӾǸˣȻҪȥǸľɫҲܺáϿ
ǵطһˡһı飬гĺ𣿡뻹ûп̲סʵ
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çֱЦĵԣ֧Ϊ籨𣡡
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Ȼˡ֪ϬţûбħڴӰ·ϣ˾ͿһͷϬţ˵ػޣϬţ̫ûҪ
գգۣţϬţɽţǺóԡ
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Ӷڵľ״ͳӦֱӵڵʯ֮УҲ֪ô£ǳԼһǸط۾Ǿޱûܹȫ˽⡣
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߳ǰľɫֱ䣬ԶһƬɽǰһƬޱ޼ʵɭ֡
ɭʲôУкܶ඼Ҳûпġ
ɭ档˵Ϣһ߰ɣ滹һ·̡
ţ᲻ΣգЩµ˵һ߼ʵɭֺһ߼ʵǾޱ˵ĸоȫһ
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Ȼɱˡŵ޵ĹھںУǹȥܿˡ


571 С
ڶգǾ˯һҹСһö¶ȣһõ¶Ⱥ˯һ
߽ɭ֣ȻһΣҲûУ˵ˣСﶼûһ
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˵éݿôéǰһˮԲһˮˮһ䳬Ҷ㸲ˮ档
ŵһ۾ڰתƵ֮ϣȴûע⵽ڻ֮ϵ߲
ϵֻ߱ɢȥ⵺һֽɣûһֻ
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Ҫߣ뼱ˣæҲҪװͰ͵ػޣҪƯġ
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ֻһѡػ޵ˡػʲôʵƾѡһˡ
˵ģʵõС֪ˣûħ񴫹Ҳһֱѹçġ
˶һָо˵ĲǼٵġ
룬ɲѽܹΪػޣǧĻԵѽ
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˷׷ǰȰ˵ȴһҲΪֻǵҲŲҪװͰ͵Ĵء
ǻǰǻʧ˻ȥĻԵ뾹ȻͲϡ
Ҳѹ֣뱾Ҳûʲôǿ֮ģû̫ȤҪѡػȻҪԼϲˡ
Ưػ޵ûС˵ֻǣĸһҪӦңҪػ޺òС
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뵱Ȼ֪çЩʲôֻǶƯػȥ


573 ػ
ʮˮеǰϵͬҶ֮һ鶼ûСҲǣһռһҶƬҪסһȻûʲô⡣
ڻУһöɢ߲ʹ⻪ĵֻǿöϲˣôػһˡ
Сöɢ߲ʹâĵϸĿ˰죬ʵʲô
ӵҵĵôɣ
šĽܣһ˫Цһϲӣ뻹ûп
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ܼ򵥣Ѫˡ
գգۣٻػ޲ҪػԼ𣿡
ȻǰҲ֮ˣç˵ٻػ޵ķ֪һػԼֻǲ֪ôѡǰҲûԼһҲӵػޡ
ػԼȶųͨػ޲ŻõģػʲôôʸƶԼأ
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붼뵽һ㣬̲סʵҪǲǩػԼҰô죿Ҳûػ𣿡
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ΪѪԭ
˵ʱеĵģæѵСĵķںҶ֮ϣҧָԼѪ߲ʵĵϡ
Ѫĵ룬öɢ߲ʹâԽԽŨѵŰסһҲˡ˵˰ʱǹ⻪һ㱻ء
ڹâȫȥ֮뿴һöɫĵ
žһ죬ѿһ϶漴žžڶǵϵķ϶ԽԽࡣѣӵйһֺëë
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ţգգֱۣ䣬Щеĵ˼˵ëСԺ󻹻߲ʵ
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ѽ˵Ҫ೤ʱܹﵽ龳żĵ
츳õĻиʮʮҲɡû˵Ҫʮ̼꣬롣
ʮʮҲˣ۾һ죬ݺݵĿŵţҲ۸ң

ողվΣֱֵϴȥˡ
ħаͻȻǰϴŴܶħˣϹ޵ħ˶У룬ͲҪʱ䣬ܴﵽ龳ġ
ţѽٴ¶ЦݣôءһŰѴеõħ͸ҲڳȻҲ֪顣
ţҡһۣ˵
ŴЦˣȥ·ȥ
⵺õķӣ˵ĿⶼתǼͰéݣֳЦõı顣


574 ֵ
߽ǼͰĲݣ˶סˡ
ǡ۾ϴֱԼĶ
ɾ֪Ӻδ͹âһѪɫǾޱ֮ϣڻ衣ͲһӣһԴ
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ǡ˶һֻĲӡ
ѽ̻ŵһ˺üԶˡ
ţգգۣǿĶ󣿡
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һһӾͰ˳ȥȴڱϡ
ոսӴ̻ʱ˶ֻһŴ󴲣һӾͰѱѹ档
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ֻһɺϡæõװȷʵ˵һɺˣǹѰң¾һҲѰ
Ϊ룬ھѧϰɡ
ŵ˵ͷã


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ȻҪ̫ƽˣܹȥһС򣬻һǿҽݣԬˡ
ǶҪҪǣܹ߾ͺܺˡ
꣬Ҳʽ̻˻񣬻֮գͷòλǴ˴ĺմǬָͳѰСˣֵü춼û˯žΪǺлкüͷϬţǰģ֪ڡ
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ʱ·ħ޸͹ƲжţħУһкܶħ쵼УҲһħĴڡ
ս֮ʱ治֪ΣħĽӴ֪ħһУڱذܵ¿ԼѪѪѪʵɱӡȻֻܷһػʹһ衣
Ҫô죿ͻȻʵ
ȥǼ񡣡ŵûħӥ޷ֹǽǡ


576 սǰϦ
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˵֮䣬ѷɵУֱӾ˳ԺԺӦýʹˣȻԶԶܺ;еĻʹȣǰػĹסĵطȻǻʹ
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Ӧħ޴ңȻܹǾͿٴסˡ˶٣ֵֻҪȥȴһ׵顣ǰνҾɾȥ죬Ƕȴһ·̶ûߵȫûˣﵽɽ·ߣħҲǲصء
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ŴĶΧסܵħʱĳķԲʱĺɱ


577 
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ʱеĽǰһҲȱ
ᶯһĹģƮǰĽͬʱһһ˲䣬ǾͻȻһµ󷨡
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579 
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ֻɱˣŻֺɱ⡣
ֻǣçôԼˣеĽѻӳ
һç㱻롣
һɣɱ˵Ľǻɵ⣬ת˲ʧڿС
ҲûпçʬһۣתССǻؼҡ
СĿţһŵ硣ɱˡ
ǵģɱˡ˵Ҳɱɱҡֻʵǿܻ
Сգգۣ֪˵һҲûдɱǸççһɱۿɱˣСﻹЩܲˡ
еӵģһɱ˲գ۵Ķħ
СǲͻȻøİˣʵ
С˵ͷ
Լôá˵Ŷںܶ˵Ҫɱһ˾Բһ׵飬Ƕ˵һҲѡոôˣҾһоҲûСˣ˵һƽ顣
˿СһȻһ벻ǰ飬֪ǰһһɱ˲գ۵ĶħɱôˣоȻһûС
磬ǺˡһʧӣСæ˵㲻ɱǣǾͻɱ㡣
ҡҡͷ˵ЩˣǿؼҰɡ
š
ǣС֣˴ּҴ壬ҡڵȥˡ
ּ֮߳Ҵе˶߳еʹãеűӵķšеĸ˵Ĵĺţç쿪

źСߵɽתͷ·ּҴ塣ӵС¶һЦݣçǸˣӵ˶ףء磬ûɱˡֱʱСǷеĸ
û˵·ȥֻּҴڴףһ֮е˾Ȼ¸çУֻƬ֮䣬çҵķӸˣȻĿ޺ԺвʱлѪܳӦçҵ˺ͼˡ
磬ô£ΪʲôҪЩˣСʵ
ҡҡͷ濴ȥ
Щ˷ӣˣַһѻ𣬰ּҴԺոɸɾЩ߳ʱÿ˵ж˶ּҵĶ
ǣǴ٣СߵĽеçˣҲӦôļˣ˼ҵĶ
۾û˵
Сɫ䣬ͻȻ˵磬˵ĶԣֻԼ㹻ǿ󣬲ܲ۸
ţ߰ɡ˵
磬Щ˶𣿡С˵Ӧܵͷ
ŵҲ֪ж٣ôܳͷĹأοǺһϵҲûУҲûгͷ˵Ȩ
Сﲻ˵кܲ飬߸֪
СȻܿ࣬һֱһܵĺӣҲúܵźкñлڣСȴͻȻܿ£ԶԶô򵥡
ּҴ壬Щûʱɢȥڿ˻еĶʱȻַ漴һƬңһȺִֻһ˶һ˶˴һ٣Ҳˡ
ҡҡͷڷ飬һҲо֣֪Ľ
ǣС֣ҴȥŲ֪ħжΣգҪȥħ޽顣


589 ʧĽ
ллǼͰСУСｲ·ϵ֪çɱ֮Ʋ˵
ѹͷʮĴʯ£ЩƲסԼļԺҪٶ˭ˡƾʮУȫԸ˿׬ȡһЩãСͲҪôˡ
ȻçѾˣȴһҪ顣˵һʿ˵ħϮ½˶ܿ
ħޣ㣬ħߵһ죬ұòѰû뵽Ȼȫһˡ
ħ޺Σգʵ
ǵġƵ˵ͷֻҪ½еħ޶ôֵܵˡ
Ǿֻж㿪ˣʡ
ȴҡҡͷħ޶ʼ½Ǹ޴ɶ㡣ħ޵ԶԶܹģϸаȫĵط
ҪôУգգۣ̲סʵ
Ƴ˼ãŵҪӹһ٣ֻһ취뿪½ֻжܵһ½ܹܿħޡ
ãǾȥһ½˵
ҡͷӸ߲ˡҵҲ߲ˡǣԼߡ˶٣ֵܹɱçһͨˣܴܿﵽ˴˵еĺ⾳Ҫߣһ뿪ġ
ˣô죿
ùǣܲˣ˭Ҳܲˡ˵½඼Σգôܾȵأ
գգۣҿԲܣҲԲܣСұùܡɽûСһ֪Լܲѹء
Сǳ˳飬Ҫ뿪½÷ɹޱ޼ʵĴ󺣣СģԼܲܳȥ˵ء
ŵ֪ҴСܹߣСҲߵġ
ǣҲ뿪ġԱߵСæ˵
Ŷɫ˱䣬ŵ˼ǣ
ҵ˼ҲߣȻ޴ɶˣǾҲȥ
ôУħˣͲ˵ֵˡ
ֵҲһžͻȻЦҲ֪Լ˭Ҳ֪ԼҪʲôҲϧ
Ŀţһ˿ģô꣬Ҳûһˣʶֻһ죬ȻͲҪ
ǵģǼǲסǰ飬һܹúã˭Ըȥ
֪ǰ飬ͲһϵûСԷû˼ҲԻúܺá
ʵͷԡȥԻ÷ˮ𡣿ھȻԸԼССĲУħǰ
۾ͻȻСȥһ̳þƣҺĴҪúúһ٣
ţСɵӦţת˳ȥ
ﻹǮƣգգۣ˵
ûжǮͻȻЦħϾҪˣҪǮʲôأ
ҲǡŵͷȻһ֪ħж£֪˵ĲдȻûмˣӦúúõܣҲҪеǮŲԩ
һҲƵһҲûһѣּһԺʱкܶ˶ཻЩȴּҵ˶ȱһ֡˶٣çŵȻҲʶһ죬ŶҺܹΪѣȻʲôֶ֪
ھˡЦֶ֪֪ûйϵѣֻΪһ֮ˡ
ƴЦǵģһѣֻΪ壡ݡλ֣Уʲôǡ
ƣҲЦܹһѣȷʵֵø˵顣ǼҪҲҪЦ
С˾ƣƶССԺҪиˣǵѣҪС
ţ塣СҲֳЦݣҲûмԼĵ˿Ĺ
Сﲢ̫ħ޵飬ֻҪ͵һСʲô¡
С³˼򵥵ĲˣĸĢ
źȴǳԵĺܸˡ
ôȾƣڳĢ
Ȼ˴
ǵڶ졣
ɺȾƣɺ
˾ѡй졣
쳿ٴȴûٺȾơ
ŵǸʿ˵ħ޾ͻᵽ
ţǾ͵ȡ˶٣ֵ㲻ٿǿħˣ߿Ҳ߲ˡ
ЦЦҪߣֺαصȵڣΪľ𣿡
ƴЦãǾ͵šʮûжˣҵҪħжǿ󡣡
ߵĹգһΣһһɢŵâɫϸ
һ鲼ϸĲŽǸ߽齣çҲûһ
еĽŵ۾𣬵ΪʲôҸоҲӦһ
Ŷ̧ͷһۣô˵Ҳʹġ
ǵġСͻȻ˵çоһ
ŵͷĽǰӦþʹġ
ʹˣȻһ˵Ľָûн
ָŵͷ˿ԼĽָô
ʶ
Ŷ˫΢գʶһڽָ֮Уʶǣһϡ
񡢾ҡԵġġõġָĶӦоУȴûн
ǮС￴϶ѳСɽ;ң̲ס
ҲЦЦû뵽һһǮˣϧ粻֪ȻͿԺȵõľˡ
ûнգգۣΪʲôҸоУӦһأ
ǰûнҲӦһŶԡ֮˲ûԼıġҲЩɻ˵
űӦģһ񽣣һʹõ񽣡
ȴһҲûУĽȥأ


590 
壬Ľ᲻ɽˣСԼĵܿ϶˵һһ̲ס˵
ɽϣų˼Ƭ̣⵹Ҳпܣңûעǵܣ
СҡҡͷûС
ҲûС˵һԱߣҲδػᷢ֡
ھȥɽҿС˵
Ѿȥüˣһɽϣ𣿡
ȻУɽûȥġСɽĸֻׯһӣׯ˳ңҲûб˻ȥɽϲĢġ
ŵãǾȥɽϿǲһ˶٣תͷƵֻǲ֪ʱˣħ޻᲻
ᡣƺܿ϶˵ħ޴ˣܹ֪ȥɣħ޽Ҳδػ
ŶҼǵʿ˵ħ޻ͻᵽǵ졣
ƵħֲƵģô֪ôءôħ·Ҳ֪ᷢʲô飬Ҳҹͣĸ·ֻҪ·һ䣬ǵʱͻӳٺü졣
˵ħ˵ʲôʱܵ
ƵͷǵģȲǻʹҲһĶǣħ޾ԲﵱǵĿꡣǾԲԤÿ죬ҲᾭҲ˵
Ǿ˵ܿûΣգʵ
ǵǣħҪֻ࣬Ҫ˾ͲŹǳģֻʱȴһǽ졣
֪ˣھȥɽϿ˵Ƿħޣ̾ͻ
ţȥɡƵһҵĽġ
ŵ˵ͷת߳⡣һ£ͻȻշֱСɽȥ
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ЦЦǰ˵֮ˣǼΪߡ֪ǰʲôģܹﵽշеľ磬һǸľ񡣴ʧ֮ⷽԲû˵˭ﵽܹеľˡ
ǲǺСͷʵ
ǵģҼˡ
ǲǾܴħˣ
üһŵ򲻹ǰֻһСɽǧħޣ½ħ޻ж٣Ҳܴôħ޵ġ
С¶һ˿ʧ䣬û˵Ҳ̾Ϣһ

ֱɽϣʯǰֻ΢һű㿴Ǽʯм䣬ĶǶСһȭͷҲ첻ȥ

գգֱۣǰŶһȭһ׿Ķǰ
üͷû뵽ԼһȭȻô⻹Լȫһȭִֻһȭѡ
ϣǲǺˣǰһʲôأΪʲôе鶼ˣ֪ûнУõ˽ǲǻһЩʲô
һţһ¿УڿӵףȻ˽

һʣʲôر𣬶һȴɢŨââеǱ߽齣ҪŨࡣ
ǱϸϸĿ˿󣬰ѽսǬָС
漴ȥǱʵĽ
ָոմ֮ʱǽͻȻҫ۵ĺ⣬Χһж
ţһססһ⽣㱻γһ롣Ž¶Ļâת
һɼΪķϢӽֻϢʹߵʯڻΪʯ䡣
ʲôһܹо⽣ǿ
ȴǷ⽣Ҳβһ֡
⽣ֵĺܣһǻȥƴɡţѽ뽣ʣҪװǬָС
⽣ȴУûбָϵĽָߡ
ţװȥŵͷеĽʱǴӽָó⽣ܶĶڽָȻװ⻹һֵ顣
˼ΣɲУֻðѽڱϣ뿪ׯȥ

סׯ⼸죬ȴһֱ·ϡ뿪ǣ뿪ķ׷ȥûڿһֱɣÿ·˾סĴׯС򡢳ǳأͣȥ˼Ҵûмš
ɻᵢܶʱ䣬ãȥķǺܻģһ·ϲû̫ĴׯͳǷɵ˺ߣػ½ıԵ
ûֱͣźзȥûĿֻ꣬Сֱǰ£ҲĿģǰ·һҲֱġ
һ·֪˼죬ڴãã󺣣һ½ϡ
ɺǰһֱǰǼ˵ĵطͣĴŵ䡣
Ͽûִţܹҵ磬ôˡͲǱġ
ҲԼһöûУֻҪ͸н·һƫ˱
ȴֻҪԼѰңϣϣãҲϣԼˣôһϣûˡ
ţȥʱʵ˲ҷġ֪ڻʲôӣҲ֪Źĺòá
ҪҵУָŰǣֻػ½Ѱңȴδؾػ½
·һСĻͷСȥڲ


591 ̹ӵ
ĻͺһֱСģءһ죬ǰѽֵ·涼һӣҵʹԱһֱ˰ߡóСҲˡ
һʮӱͷܳΪǵˣͲ֪ʲô顣
Сص죬Ҳ˸ľ񣬲Ƭ֮䣬˽ϣȺ׷׵ĺţôôˣ
ǿĻʱ˵ɫˡ
ħޣǸʿ˵ħްɣȺ˼е
ħˣֱܰӾȥһһûĺ
Уǲߣ˸еǵмҵҲ޷棬ħƴˣ
ԣħƴˣϾ˸仰
󲿷˻ǲ뿪Լļҵġ
Ⱥһң˶ڴĺǶ˵ʲôˡ
ֵĿŴϵǣеûܳСһգ۾Ͳˡе˻صУƬ֮ȡľ˵֮Ķ׷Χ
ιǸʲô˰ҲûŪôµ̲סʵ
Ƕģܴ󣬴򣬸ǹӵÿһ˶仰
ţħޣȺһ˲;֮ǰڻ̫޴˭Ҳûע⵽ϻһˡ˶濴ȥǱ㶼վͷ֮ϵ
ħޣָǸ˵ˣһӾʹͷðѲ˵ҪҰ
죬Ҫ˵ûһػҲ֪ΪʲôẦ£ԷһСҲᳬʮӣµĲС
֪Ϊ񣬻վŵľҺ£ţӦǺߣôһСŮءԼԼ˵οһӾƽࡣ
һᡣһǰ˵ǰʿ֪ͨ½ħ޵ĹͻȻȻȻΪħˣСҲ
ô飬ԭԷԼĻħˣҲػ½֮ǰһ⵽ħ޵Ϯ
ȻͲĵˣΨһϵţŵģȻܱ顣ħ޹½һϵûС
˶˶٣ּ˵Сʲôô᳤˾޴󣿡
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Ⱥܿɢȥǰû˵ҲתҪߣȴһס
㲻ߣ˵
һתҿû㰡ոҲֻһðѲ˵ö˶˵ġҲ˵ˣһᣬ֮һԹûа
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˭˭˵ˡЩ˵ŷӦе˼ʱ˵㲻Ҫ鷳
Ȼǣ֮ûгΪʲôҪ鷳
˵˵ͷҲǣץסҸʲôƵĵ
һˡ
ˣգգۣʶˡ̵ϰ塣ָָ˰ߵ̣֮еûҲʶģǷԲʮ֮ڵĴˣҴ󲿷ҲʶҪ˭ʰɡ
򣿡֣統򳤵ӭȢ򣿡
ź²ɼ¹ݣһ·ϵ鶼˵һľǽϸ£һ֣뵽硣
򳤣ϰ۾󣬵ԭʶ򳤡ϧ̫ˣѾˡ
Ǹ򡣡а
֪˵Ҳ򳤵ġҪ򳤵ѣ򳤽ʱġ
򳤵ѣˣ
ǡ
֪ˣĲһ̹ӡ
̹ӣһû̹ӣʶ
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˵Ļһҵæʵûм̹ӣ
ϰʮǰ̹ӻһСŮס
ʲôףЩˮ˲˳۽һץס˵ĸ첲֪֪̹
ϰ죬ûʱشĻǵۣ
æɿץŶԷ첲֣Բ̫żˡش֪֪
ϰҡҡͷҲ֪̹һ׵ĻһӣǺӺׯģȥ￴һ£Ҳ̹ׯҲ˵
ׯׯĶæʵ
򱱱ʮ
û˵תŻȥ
ϰҪߣͻȻ˵̱ĳŪˣ㿴ǲܹ
šǮ㡣ûϰѻ˵ֱ꣬˵˵ͬʱԼǬָóһѵǧ
ô񣬱˵һ̣ǰˡ
е񶼷˵ǰЩ㣬̡
⡢⡢⡭ŶѳɶѵϰѾˡ
û˵ʲôֱ˻ϣСߣȥׯ


592 ħޡ
źƶûкȾƣԴŴɽһ֮Ǿûкȹˡ
֪ħ޻ǱҪʱ̱ѡȻ˵û˻ħ޵Ķ֣׼ţֻҪ˻ûţǻᱧϣģϣжãһ
ʱŵͷϡ
˶о˺ü졣Ҳ֪ʲôǱʵĽֻŲܰγһ룬һҲβ
߽֮ϣֻд˵еˡ˵ֻܿ⽣ҵĸ߽齣Ҫãֻڴ˵еģϵûĴҲһδ֪
ƵĻֳһĲ⣬˵߽֮ϾӦǸڸ߽Ĵڣ
Ƶͷ
ǲѾ˵
û˵
ֵ˵ֻڴ˵УϺܸܿû
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ʲôգգۣ磬⻰ìܰ
ͷҲ֪⽣ʲôѾҵ֪Ҳľɡ˵ֻȴףΪʲôأ
֪˵ȥСĵطҾҵҲ֪ǲǰһ
ôôɵ顣ЦЦ˵ţûиоһģ
СǱʵϸһֺǿҵĸоҵĽҵͨġ
Ŷ۾ϸĿеĽʶβܹóԲһͨĽ⽣֪ҲԲһͨˡ˵ıѧﵽһ޷ĵز治֪ôġ
ٴŵ飬ÿһžͷۣԼһҲǵõǰв
æתƻСȥôôʱ仹ûлأ
ŸոߣܵͲˣôôءЦ˵
ȥʱҲˡվȥ
ЩˡⶼȥôʱˣԼȴһǰҲ벻һֱЩѹ֣ȥɢɢġ
߳Сéݣ˳ŴӵĽֵһͷȥסڴһͷˣŶׯѾϤˡ
߹һ·̣űССѾòߡ
壬ôţСЦŴкǰ죬⺢ϿǺ¶Цݵģһֱڵħ˸ô졣
ھʿѾȥʮ죬ħҲûСҲͰһ㵭ˣöôʱˣħӦòˡ
ֻСж뷨
㡣ҲЦ˵
ֻǻ䣬ϵЦʱʧ̧ͷǰտһۣͻȻǰһһͿʮ׵ľ룬ֱӾ͵Сߡ
壬ûСѻ˵꣬žһӰСﱧڻУ漴תٵСȥ
׵ľ룬ֻһɲǼѵСݵͰŻûŵԶ򿪣Ϊŵٶ̫죬ķ綼Ÿˡ
ֱӾ͵УŹϣŰС¡
ˣСﾪĿ˿ԼϤļңʵںֻһգ۵ĹԼô͵ˡ
磬ΪʲôҪܻھС㿪ʵ顣СԵ޹ʣǲôġ
üͷתͷߵƵħ޺ˡ
ˣһץǽߵĹȣ̧ͷŵڵ
ڼʮ⡣˵ոͻȻоһɼΪǿϢ
ȷħޣʵ
ҡҡͷȷ˵Ϣ
ѵħڹ򣿡Ӧòᣬħ޹ﲻһ㶯ġ
ħ޹򡣡˵Ϣ
Ƶ̧ͷţҪ˵ȴͻȻ顯һ죬мʮӿеһ
Ǿҵ𶯣ССéݿʼҡһ𶯵ʱıȽ϶̣Сݷ˲ɡ
һ쾪ׯˣһʱ˴Լܳ׷ʲô顣
źƱҲǵĺ
ʲô
ôĶһħޣҿܰôħ޿ɲܹģ
СУźƶһۣ׷óԼĽ
ưĸ߽齣ӹаγ
ŴӱǱϸõУȴûаγʡԼʱͰѽγǷϢضᾪħޡ
սеĽȴûжǶûҪˣƵĻ˵ԼȲˣʲôʵܱأ
У½ħ޾ۼһ𣬸ûֵܹսеĽֻǾΪˣһҲûֻﾡֵһ¶ѡ
ȥҷ䡣ͻȻ˵ҲҪС÷һ𡣡
С÷ȻƵӣСĸס
ûзԣСһ߽ǼɾӣߵǸԲѵŮӴǰ
һץŽһŹգС÷ߣĿС÷ðΣſڵС÷ӽԺǿҲˡҪܹѹжãǵŮôˣ㻹Ҳûпģء
ڵ˵ȴһƬӡ
źСﶼĿƣһʱ侹ħޡЩŵˡ
ʱҴ·ϣԶԶΧһֻ޴ġǴҲûмġħޡ


593 ɱ˵ħŮ
֪ġħޡʹˣ׳ĳǰѵ涼ҳһ޴ӡ
˵Ĺ˭ǰ
һȻһڴСУȺȴԽԽԶֻҪһһ˾Ҳһ
ţְСħˣվϿһ˵ˣ̲סֹ
ġħޡȻĻ˵ŵ̸ׯɲԼС᲻ŵˡ
ιŪˣⲻħޣҵĳһ˵һߴ£˵Ҳûý˻ܹĻ
ҼûˣʱҲ˲ԡǹħ޵Ļ档
ǣһ˲䣬ȺˣʱΧվǰ˴ȵĳ㲻ܺãֱʲô
ǣɪˣҴǲ
㻹һŮӣҪеķǰƤɣ
ȺһһѵЩ˱ľľ˵Ļħ֮ʱɢˣЩжôһ㲻ħҲԲǺǵġ
ׯľȴһҲûЩ˵ǳ֮ͲˣУʲôҲǵĶֻҪסˣҲͰѳסˡЩʱˣе˻ߣ׼ȥһ٣еĴѻǣȥ漸졣
ȺԽΧԽ࣬˵ĻҲԽԽ
һʮĶ˵Ҫ·Ļ
ɼˣػ½ʲôʱܹ
ǰ˼ֱӾͰ˵Ҫ·ĶӸק˳
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ȺһӾ;˲̵ĳ棬˶ͣסͣûһ˸ҿ˵һ仰
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ǰץסһˣҲǸո֮һͬĻҲ˵ڶ顣˵Ĭ³
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Ҳóȥ˵˶֪סңϾͻġ
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գգۣ

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594 ħ
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Уץǰæ˵ƼʮǰһˣںסļС
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595 ħϮ
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һӣһ쫷紵שҲһӾͱӰ١
ڵһþ߶ʧֻмߵŴʹŵС÷ڡ
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ʱվڷϣĿԶ
ǿķ򣬹ƻĵط̳𶯾Ǵﴫ
̳ԽԽǼκʱ䣬ǰʮ
ħޣħޱܼ̳Ƶ΢΢Ҳ΢΢ħһܲǿҵ𶯣ⱼܣͰķӸһ룿
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596 벻˭
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УǸһģӰӣֻ֪һŮӣһҪȥ룬뿴Ůӵģͷͻʹľͻʹ
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ϺȻֳ֣֮ɫƣоֳһ𾴣֪֪
Ƶ˵ͷ֪Ҳٻꡣ
СͻȻһæС￴ȥȴСۡ
㾹ȻһֱԼѪ裡Сʹ˵ΪʲôҲҸιˣΪͳԲ˷ҲΪʲô㼸λ赹ڼˣԭ춼ҪܶѪ
ҡҡͷǺֻܶ࣬һ㡣账ڻУĵٺ٣һֻҪһѪˡȻôܻʮꡣ
˵ͷǵģһһֱԵˣҪȷʵ٣Ǿô꣬廹кܴӰġ
ϸĿƣңȻĻꡣ
ţ㶣һоȣ
оȡ
С÷أһҲûΪԼоȸˣæʵ
˼Ƭ̣ҲоȣҲûС


598 
ʲôҲоȣҲûУĿؿھҵš
룬ڻ֮ǰǲ˾ţ
Ƶͷǵġ
ȻҽʲôûʣϳС÷֢ԭǺһ顣
п־̫ʹѹĲû˸ұ֤κĲ
Ƶ˵ͷʮҽ飬Ȼ˵Ļ̲סʵǻϣ𣿡
ϣеģ֪û˵񵤣
񵤣ƵһҽϿ֣ȴ֪ʲôʲôЧ
񵤾ġ˵񵤿԰˵񣬹ЧӵĲ֢˵ö·
ǲ˵ֻҪҵ񵤣С÷Ϳѹ
ҡҡͷ֪˵Ĳֻܹ𵽸ãܲѹҪԼ˶٣ֵ񵤣ȶѹĻܴ󡣡
ĻƵ˫һæҪҵ񵤣
ЦЦͻȻŵ񵤣Ҫ鷳С
ŶɻĿҲ֪񵤣Ҷû˵ҵȥأ
ҪȥѰҡЦ˵ɵһ񵤣ȥҪģֻһ˲ˡ
ɵУǺãȥȡʹĴӦš˵һҲûУʲôɵڣɵܾġ
˵ͷԵȼȥҵȰƵκãܺһ·
ĻƴˣҡȻκã
ȻˡͻȻӵ·ҲǺ˵ҽκȵ𣿡
ǡǣѾʮˣ⡭Щ˵ˡ
ЦʮҲûйϵǽݣҾ͸ȡ
ãã
һ߽УƽԼСݣ˶ڴеȺ
СЩĵĿţ壬κ𣿡
ܣſ϶˵ҽ˵ܣһܣ
ҽСֳһ˿Ц⣬ӿɺˣְҲһ·ˡҪҲܹѹ͸ˡ
İɣһѵġ˵һҲûмҽûκõĲء
һߵһģԼ˰ʱʱ䣬Ʊ˳
ƵûйգǿԼ˫߳ġ
Ȼ·ЩǰûйƸ߲·
СĺһߺһȥܿߣĺˣСＤ˵
˺ˡҲǼѣҽĺô̵ʱκȡ
ЦЦƣ㻹Ҫ죬֮˫ȾȫȬˣʲôĶУҪҪûйϵ
ȫȬ۾ԼС
ոһ˲λһЩǯĹͷֲֹƲ֪ʲôֻӹڹͷϵ
õӰͷȴһҲûиоۣ֪ʲôҩֻһҩͿĨϣȾû֪ˡõӸҲ֪ۡ
ƿʮҽ飬ȴҲûпƷ
ⷽȴЧڸŪ֮һҩͿĨ˿ϣȰãƵȾָֻ֪ˡȻԼ·ˡ
Ȼָ֪˿۵һ㶼ںۣµ۶֪Ͳ·ˡ
ڣȻ˵ֻҪ죬ԼͿȬ˷־ȡ
ʱ䣬Ǽ˿ҲðɣаȴĻԷҽѲܹ˽ˡ
˵ܹκԼȣԼͿ·ˡ˵ܹȬôһܹȬ
磬ͺúϢ졣Ҿȥɵ
Ƶͷŵļ磬Ͳ˵лˡ
ſԼȥȡ񵤵ģȴȥɡǸβȻҪְû
ʱܿȥ
죬ÿ峿һҩһҩ
죬ƾȬˡ˿ڶȬˣֻһССİ̡
ڵõƴӴʹı˱ģȻܵԺ˰ʱûͣ
̫û߹·ˣ˵ܹ·ҲһĪҸ
緹
ҵţţھߣ
ŵ˵ͷţھߡ
Сأƿš
С˵ԷģС԰ȫ
ҵȻġЦ˵ҪûһħȺˣﻹڡ
СԼСһ㲻ԸⶼûУûһİĸоλﶼܺáСȥɣСһùõĻ
šƵ˵ͷȷʵûʲôĵġ
Ǳˣƺ뿪ǣȥ
ŲŸո뿪ʱ򣬰Ƚʱۼһ
⵽ô£Ѿ죬ʱҲ̲סˡڻ֪ŵôˡ
˵˿ڲ裬Լеľԭԭ˵һ顣˵ѾǲˣҲһ飬ԺҪע⣬˭Ҳڸǰ֡
ţ֪ջʱΪʲôҪԼѣ˵ʧȥǱħ޴ˣԭԼ¡
ֻǲ˵ҲСС¥еҲ˵
ԡھͻ򣬰ѷǣԺ󶼲Ҫǰ¡
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ھͻ򡣡վתȥ


599 һ԰

һħ޵սľһ롣ǱǰҪ˺ܶࡣ
ǰĳǳضʯѳɣĳǾȻػΪơ
ɵӰǻ󣬱㿪ʼԼȫ죬ִ˺ܶػľָǹ
ǰ˺룬ڣΪɵͰŵĽ˵£ҵľҲǢ
ڣҳ಻һǵȻࡣ
źֱ߽ǡһ·һ鷳ҲûǰǾԲܷ飬˵࣬ǲͬ˶໥ɱ¾
ɵԺ˸ӡ
߽ǣźֱʹǰ
վסʲôˣʨͷʿʱסźƣĿˡ
ɵֱ˵
ʲôŵĻʨͷʿʱˣҲе𣡡ʿһ˵һǰץš
ЦЦҲûֱʿԼץסˡ
ҹʿļʿǰһȹ˵Ȼֱӽй֣ǵ졣
죬ͻȻʵģ
ߣڻʹУû˵ķݣԹԵĸߣ
ʹӦš
ֻҪԼʹоͺðˣµľŵˡǰڷǵʱ򣬾ΪиŵʿʹÿȥѺܴһ
ڱұһΣҲΪŵʿűǧħʦΧҪǷɻ˫ʱǵñЩħʦ˲ɡ
һκһ˺Լһ𱻰Χȴ벻Ǹ˭ˡ
ǺػģػԲѴηڻʹ֮ڡ
ʨͷʿžߣһʱˣǲֻһ˰Ҳýȥѽ
ţոץŵǸʨͷ˵ɴ۾ƣҲ
ҡң漱ˣҲɵġ
ѽ˵š¿ɰʨͷĲ᣺ˣҲҴߣ˶ذꡣ
ʨͷʱǰץŻʹߡ
ոշʨͷֱߺߣҪǹɱ࣬ҷǰ˲ɡ
źʨͷ˵Ļ˶ǼΪʹŻʹߣѺǵʨͷߵĻ졣
ʹľɫһСǰߣͻȻתͷʵɵסģ
ѽѽѽѽ㻹ҽй֣ѺʨͷҲˣֱĶ̰ק˳ٳԲðΥҽҲ㣡
죬û뵽ɵȻ˰Եֻˡգգۣҷ֪ɵסﲻɣҾġ
ѽʨͷһˣһһ仰Ҳû˵ֱӴԭرϸߣŵԴһҪɱˡ
һź׺
ǣһȴܴţֻһ֣Ѱץסһʹǰ͵С
Ҫôܹɵأ԰̫ÿˣɵһϲҪǰˣ֪᲻
Ųֻ˵˵ͬʱҲûͣеİܵĻľɽʯȥһʱ侹ҵĳɽʯҷɡ
ľٶʮѹʨͷ˶ˣǶγ̰˷ųȥھŻʱǵα㶼סǰһӰεǽڵǰǾǸӽš
ţվߵҲ
һʨͷ˾ֻܿҡ
һ󣬲һʨͷ˷Ӧȥܹܣ
ʵٱʹеĴܹܱѾ֪﷢ˡ
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˵ǧһߵĿţȴûһܹߡ
˭ֻҪ״ᱻһεĽסʲô취ǰһ
һøߴʨͷ˴Ƿ˼йģĹȴƲŵĽ硣
˻ʹеĴܹܣԼֹŸƻæץסߵһʨͷ˵ȥ֪ͨ£﷢
ǣʨͷ˻æӦһתͷһ̵ȥˡ
һֱעܹܣĻеİЦЦҪȥ֪ͨɵҲͲ𡣡
㡭ָܹţ˵ˣһ˼ΣһЩȱˣǰҲɣ
ŵıˣǵҴңҳõķõľơ
Ϊ˭ܹ죺ΪǱµ𣿡
ţҲ֪ң
ܹŵĻֶˣֱµ֣ھȻָðµǷɣ
˵ĹԶͻȻӰһ漴ɵǰ
ɵμţɵæϥ£ϹϾ˵
û˵Χסʨͷ˶뾪һ˶ɵˡ
ǴܹܸһӾ͹ˡ
桢桢ǱµܹܶҪˣһҲܹ뵽µһ԰ء⻨԰Ǳµѽ
ɵҪǲװЦЦһ߷ɵһ˵
⡭ɵתͷ˿Χĳ棬ɫͻȻһʯ֣ô£
ʯ־Ǵܹܡ
ñʯֹҲˣȫһֱſˡ


600 ѹ
ɵûдܹܣҲشܹܵ¶ʹҲ˽ĵط˭һͨǻ˵á
ɵҲûдŵʨͷˣ˼ҲûдϾ˭ֱֵġ
ҪֻܹţҲûͨͿʼһ˭˭øƴ
źƻصԼĹɵ̲סſڵʱֱӱֲͿԽΪʲôҪҵĻ԰˰
ұã벻ͨ˵Ǿܸͨ
Ȼȫû˲֪ҵŵġɵ˵˵֣ŵʿǻҲҲͨ
ô˵Ҵˡգգ۵ǰȥͷǣǶͨҽȥţҾû˵֣һΪܺأôͰˡ
ɵ죬Ҳû˵š˵һ԰ˣǰʹˣɵҲ˵ʲô
ſɵͻȻ뵽һ⣬ɵͻȻңôһҲԾأĪ֪Ѿˣ
ȥ½ʱ䣬ɵ˿ҷˣɵͻȻţһҲԾȷʵӦһֵ顣
ɵҵȻ֪ѾˣҪô鶼ңһƴȥ
ţҴû˵ôأЩʵ
ɵЦЦܹͨŵСӣȻҲǵķʽˡ
ŶҲܹͨƷͨţ
ɵ˵ͷܣõˮڻȨĻʹзֵģܺСһʾͼСӻҪ
ԭŵ˵ͷһҲ֪Ŀˡ
ǵġɵ˵֪ͨŵʿͨȴû뵽顣
죬ʿǱȻѾ֪ҽҪӦ뵽ҲŶԣôץأ
ɵҲ죬ǱϾˣȻҲܹ˼ҲӵУͨ˵ǻǱȲģҪܹӦˡ
ŴЦŪ˰ǰˣΪֻҪŵľһ׽׷ôĻ԰ˡ

ˣ˵ЩˣȻѾ֪ҵ⣬Ͱ񵤸Ұɡ
ûˡɵͻȻ˵
ʲôźƶǴ󾪡
û񵤣С÷ûѹϣˡ
˵ɵУźƲһҲûеġɵȴ˵ûУźƵʱ
ɵڱչصʱõģ񵤵İ֮ʱ°빦һαչأܹϵʮ꣬Ϊ񵤡񵤱¶ڿУһ٣ʮʱ䣬ѾȫʧˡҲΪʹùˣҲųġ˶٣ɵֵһҺ񵤣Ҳû˵ѾʧˣΪһУŻ
ɵĻһƨϣ죬ȴһҲû˵
Ʋ֪˵ʲôźãѾˡ
С÷Ҹô죿Ҫôа
񣬿ɵöǴõģǲǿҵһ񵤣
öǴӴѹȲġɵ˵ڴѹȣһȫЩÿ춼һҺҶͬһطվ쳤ǵطͻһöӣӱ񵤡
ѹǲǻ񣿡ʵ
ɵ˵ͷС
ǲǻ񵤣
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ҲҪҵŴվתͷƵ磬ھȥѹȡ
šصĵͷתȥ
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ɵȻҲҪȥԴѹȱϤ
ѹȡ
ȻѹȾʹ˵ٶȣʱѵ⻹źɵǨƵԭҪ˼ٸ·ĻҪҲǼʱʱ䡣
һƬƽԭƽԭϳݡ֪Ϊʲôԭƽԭһܿķ϶϶Ǵѹȡ
վڴѹȵϷɵ˵ػ½ֻֻˣҲֻѹȲſ񵤡Ϊߵˣ޷µȵףԭ˺֪񵤵ġû˵֮ǰҲֻ˵񵤵֣֪⴫˵еĶӦȥҵ
ھȥ˵ζҪҵ񵤡
šɵ˵ͷƵɣȺʵµȵס
硣˵㱳һ£ҳܶࡣ
Ƶ˵ͷɵ˵ʵУһҲûзУǰͺͨ˲˶١һʵȷʵġ
űƣֱӾŹ£ɵҲ¡
䡣
һʱŲſȵסæΣһ㽵䡣
ȷʵͨ˿ĵطȣŷӵǸɽȻҪࡣ
ûдﵽ񾳣ԲܴɽµŷҵĹСѹȡŷǵطҪ¡
ɵǺн׵ʵȰҪһΡ
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ȵ׵ľɫﻨ㡣
ɵϸıһΧľϴεõ񵤵ĵطԼȥ￴ɣҲ⼸ʮʱ䣬Щ³һҲ˵
ãھȥŵͷӦ


601 ѵȵĻ
һ·ǰƬɭֹ֣һʯڣһʯǰ
ɵǿʯ·һӲݣ¶һֱ׵Ķɵ붴У꣬һȺľ۾ӵأҵö񵤾ⶴõġ
ɵȥ֮źҲ룬̲סʵһεĵطôҵأ
ɵ˶٣ǿһһҪǿֵʨͷˣλãҪҾҲĶ֣ӵѹС
׷㵽㷢鼱¾˽Ų²
ţɵ˵
⻹ɣҵĻǺѷ⴦طЦأȥ֮Ǹû鷳𣿡
Ǹ˱ɱˣҳȥʱѾҵĶ֡
Ŷɵ񵤣ٳȥͲĶˣ
ǵġɵͷΪҲûȥⶴдʮꡣ
ʮꣿ
ʮꡣʮʱҾⶴֱͻƵһ㾳磬Ҳųȥġ˶٣ɵֵȥ֮ɱˣȻֿʼչٳصʱȥػȻ
һ˵һǰߣԽռԽⶴǲ̣ʱŵﾡͷ
ɵĴѲһһ鼫Ϊ⻬ʯǰҾõ񵤵ġ
źæ߹ȥֻɵǰһƴʯڼΪ⻬һʯڳֳ޵ĺɫͱ𴦵ʯȫͬ
ɫǻҺȾɵġɵ˵ҺҲǺɫġ
һ·һֻûп˵ǻľ۾ӵ𣿡
ɵ룬ǰȷʵǡǴʮǰö֮󣬻㶼ǨˡΪʮʱ䣬ǻǨǿΣȻûС
˶٣ɵֵֻܵȥˡ
㻹֪лû𣿡ʵ
ɣҪ񵤣Ҫҵɵ˵ĻС
ɵҡҡͷ֪񱾾ͼΪϡ٣ѹ֮Ҫҵһѵ顣
ڸô죿ͻȻ˵
ġſƵֻҪѹлĴڣǾһܹҵġ
һĿ궼ûУҪȥأ
룬ĿꡣʲôóԷˮɡ
ţŵĻǰһ
ſɵ֪ѹˮ𣿡
֪ɵæ˵ѹȵһΨһˮԴ
ãǾȥǸ˵ҾͲŻúˮġ
ѽôû뵽һ㡣ɵͷȻ
ߡת·ȥɵƽĸں档
߳Сɵ·һŴѹȵȥ
졣
ǵǰڳһƬ˵Ǻ˵һʵʡ
һεĺӣԶԶûкĹģںӱвٵںˮʲôĵطжԶҪţܵˮС
ˮҲصķɣȴûкɫġ
ûл
ïܵԣһôϣܴ󣬿档
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һֱںߵһ£ȴûпһӰӡ
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ǣŲŵȴܿͷˣϣһ꣬ꡣǰĺˮˣˮһֱӵУӵǽ¡
ŵˮ˻ΣɵֵĿ죬һץסǴϵȥһͷԽˮвɡ
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ͷĻʮ˰ɣ꼾ѾˡҲŻꡣ˶٣ֵǼȥһ¶ѣǶʲôҸ̻βĲϣࡣΪ˵ϼһꡣ
ʱһ˺һȵģΪʲôһ벻˭أ˼УҵĸоУκʱĴڣΪʲôһ벻ӣΪʲôһ벻˭
ŵĿʹʹȥ
ţ㲻Ҫں˼ˣһҪŵһ˲ò԰ףʱֿʼǸˣæǰȰ˵
ŵ˵ͷ˿Ŭе˼£ûһҪ

ǰµʱȥ
ûꡣ꼾ȻѾȥ
ˮָֻǰӣΧĵҲˮ𴦵֮صˮҲӦøɺˡ
ǣôûź棬촽ϵǰȥһ㡣
ţܵȵ𣿡һ̲סʵ
ڻ֮ʱͻȻһĨɫ
񣡡۾Ȼһֻȫٵķ档


602 񵤵
˽Ķסֻ
ǻ𣿡ʵ
ûɵЩ˭һ£ڷĿʱ򶼻ἤ
ֻССĻںеķɶʱ㼸ˮ棬һȦȦϸϸ
ˮˣ˰ʱֻɿԶȥ
űƣŻȥ
ɵţ̫ӽˣǲֻ֣Ȼֱӻؼҵġ
֪ŴСɽ³󣬶Ұ޵ϰĲˡȻûԼ
ɵľ磬ҪһֻףҲѡ
ǰһ·ͣͣʱ֮ãŵס
סĵطڴѹȵףڰյʯϡ
ʯһȻĶѨѨǰסǸֻűǷѹȵףҲܷ
ɽУŵҲڶǰȻѾ˵طǴʱҲ±ˡ
ں֮ǰɵȥǸڲСֱҲǰ׵ӡⶴǰ棬һ״ˮӡ
еˮǾԹȵġˮ峺ޱȡ
ˮӣжЩ£סͲȱˮǸֻСֻǵȥġ
ѹֵһ£һֻӰҲûп
ҪСܵӱߣǾһҲȲšɵ˵
ŵЩĸضΪ֮жɳֻСȥӱ
ţ͡ЦЦһǵһ¶Цݡ
ˣǽȥɡ˵֪᲻񵤡
ŵĻƵɫһǰȻҵ˻ĳѨǻ֪û񵤡
ҪĲǻ񣬶񵤡
Ӧû⡣ɵ˵ϡֻǻ񣬶ȴһ¡ֻҪʮʱ䣬ܹһö񵤡Ѿҵ˻ĳѨѾˡ
Ŷͺáŵͷ߽˶СƵҲһЩ
ȥ֮ǰɽһĿռҪϺܶࡣ
ͬĵطѨǾ˵ơŻԼߵǲ֮ǰɵȥǸط
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Ҳǵ˵ͷȷʵ棬߽ľ;ˣžٱ˵飬Ҳܱá
񵤵⹦Ч񵤵ĹЧɵ¶һ˿ϲɫ񵤣
񵤵ãתͷɵֲȰͳ¾ȻҪ߳һ磬ö񵤵Ĺˡ
һҲɵ˵ʮУԵֵ˵屶ܳһЩЩҵĹؾͰױˡ
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ߣǰӵʱ䣬Ʊ㷢һߵʯһĴָСɫӡ
ͨ죬Բ⻬ɢŵ㣬ֻһۣһֲǷƷĸо
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ֳݣƽ֡ڰеսƷõֺЦ˵һջɴˡڴӰǳʱſɲ֪񵤻мӿĹЧ뵽ԼȻõô񵤡
ҲҪˣֻҪһܹκС÷͹ˡ˵С÷ֻͨ˵һʱҲ˷ϡ˵Ȼ˷ѡ
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ǧħ顣ߵ¶ϲɫ̫ˣǧħ飬ǧͷͲΪˡ

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ΪȴͻȻʧԭأٳʱһλá
ʹħ֮ѪħȫһȻΪ½Ƕû
ⲻΪٶ̫죬Ϊûж㡣
Ա֮ʱûκһܹΪ
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ɱ˶ϣЩˡ
ոմ̳һħѾܹˣֱӴӿеȥóħ֮Ѫֻܹһ
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Ϊֻһɱħ飬Էʬ嶼û¡
󾪣ɫȴȸոպ˺ܶ࣬Ϊͣԣ֤ʵٴˡ
ͻȻΪеĽٴΪؿڡ
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һǶռϷ硣
ħߵħ飬ͨħ鲢һȻͨħ߳ࡣѾԽػʹв㣬Ȼûдﵽ㣬ΪȴѲǶ֡
ʱɷҲˣٵΪȥҪһɱΪ
Ķңŵ
ֻǿһ㵽ɷǰʵĽϵɷȥ


611 ˮ
ŲûʹɣҲûóκһѧֻǰеʳֱֱɷͷȥ
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Žʵ񽣣ɷĽҶϡ
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ɷֱֱ·ȥɽϡ
£·һ죬ɷȥɽֱӱ飬ڼ쳾Уԭһߴɽ壬˲һƽء
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ڸոŵһ£ɷûлȥĿܡ
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ȻûС˵һǧħ飬Ӧúܻܿˡ
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ϴɱС˻ʲô˵ģçߵĺ
ԣɱҲ߲ѣҰ㵱ѣû뵽㾹Ȼ飬ħɱˮ㻹ûһģ
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ŵ˵ͷǺã߰ɣȥİա
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Ҳɱ㡣˵ڱǳʱҪɱҺףǸʱûɱҡ
һҲΪǸʱ̫ˣûаҿУɱ벻ɱ˵һȥ½ɽѰϣ㻹ûɱҡɼУҲǵˡ
ˮǣУǵˡţ֪֪еλãκһ˶Ҫ
ͻȻЦˮ㵱꺢𣿱κһ˶ҪԥҴ̳еĽ
˵ɼ
һɼŽĶסˮãȻ󻺻ջеĽ߰ɡ
ҡˮĿţòŵţԭҽ𣿡
޷ԭ¡ŵӴ֮صҵĶľţ֮ûһϸ𡣡
šˮͷϣǻѡ
ûֵܹѡѶ˺𣿡ת䣬㻹ߣҪҸı⣬ÿһ˶ߣ
磬ɱѾܲˣҪˮߣӵŭ޴й
ѾӦˡ˵
ߣŮˣҸĻ𣿿ǹָˮ
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ˮˮĸࡣת¶Զȥ
֪˶ãֱٿһ˵ӰˮٶȲһЩѵΪԼܹʲôǣΪʲôô꣬һҲûУŸԼİգΪʲôôεյѣΪʲô
ˮһ룬һŷ½ȥҲãҲãȥԼ
ˮû뵽ԶҲԼˡ


612 
½ھһҵɱ
ɱĶǴ½еࡣûо֣ûйģĵֿǰֻʱ䣬ⳡģɱ
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ǰˮˮɴ䣬һѱסѪʹ޵ΪʲôΪʲôҵʲô
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ˮʼ˷ɱ¾ͣɱҹɱһǳеħޡ
ǣҲֻһǳضѡﵽػʹľ磬ʵǿֻһˣҲɱеħޡ⻹ΪûħԭħĴڣôˮֻܱԷɱˡ
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ȥţΣҲҪԭҡˮ˵ţķգػ½ȥ

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ǵˡ˵ħҵһƬ꣬˵³ֻ
ƣǾͳͻȻվ˵
ȴҡҡͷУǲȥ
ȥŵĻ˶۾Ϊʲô
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˶һ˲ϸĻնһΪ龰˶ĬˡǵģƾڵʵҵħҲǰ׷ѣֻܳΪħӰµꡣ
һӾͼžһͻȻڵĻҲȥֻɷһΣҲħĶְ
š˶صĵ˵ͷ
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Ƕֻ˰ʵܹжԸħĿܡҷħˣС֪ͨǣ
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ĶҲ죬Ҳվ
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ˮֻˮѪϻŵۡ
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Цһûǲûдˣ
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ž˻һΰλҲȥˡ
ħûƬ֮ǰӦòħˡ
źĻȴ뿪Ⱥһȥ
ҪȥѰħ


613 ħʥ
һɽɽһ·ء
Ŵʱվڹ·ԣĿŷͷðĳħ
ҪѰħഴ룬һҲûУֻħصĵطȥ
žãħ֮ȻħŨĵط
֮ħŨĵطֻһķҪҵħһ׵顣
˭Ҳ֪ǰħһƬ걻ħ֮ãڻûҵž͸ҵˡѰħȫǿ
Ҽҵ˵Ҳδһ¡ʱħĶ֣ħʥҲܱܿǿ
ʱӰ뿪ѹȥ֪꣬ʲô磬Ӧûûдﵽػʹ㣬ȻӦСϵˡ
ǰ·أðŨħԲǧ֮ڣֻд˵ħŨ
Żû֮ǰɽ϶ħޣɱһ룬Ŵɽɱ
ûκر𣬵ܹӦ·ȻǬȻɢŨħ
һСͷ˲ʧӰ٣ԭص棬¶һڵĶڡ
û˷صڣħӶ緢ΪŨ
۾̽ͷ·ȥȴһƬʲôҲҲ֪ⶴж
ȥز·أⶴӦô˺ܳʱˣҲ֪Щʲôܹӿصħ
һ˵˵ġžԼһܹģȻһҲоµ˼롣
һǶڳħûбı仯ŲŶ¡
ֱֱ䣬аʱʱ䣬ŵﶴסĴһ飬ߺԶĵطžǿһâ
üĵطⲢʲôֵø˵飬֪ʲôûŹâȥĴ鿴һйķһС⣬ĵطǼӲʯڡⶴ׷ԲԼʮңֻһһ˸ߵĶߣ͸һ
ȻˣȻҪûдԭ·ȥ
߽ǸڣŹȥһǰʱâԽԽѾܹǰĳڣܿһð
ڣûֱӳȥСĵĹ۲Ρħ棬ֱӳȥĺͿ֪ˡ
һɽ꣬лвħ
úԶ͸оħǴɽͨڴȥġ
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һƬžϸĴһȴʲôҲûз֣ɽ̫ˣڶеҲܿȫֻܿɽһǡ
ûз֮˳ȥſΧһСĵطǶ͵ʯڣǾͷݴʮﴦһƬ֣ϸĸӦһŷ֣ħǴֵķ򴫹ġ
ȥ߽ܿС
ǰһȺǣǰվ룬֪Ҫʲô
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ЩվţһӺйصʿһ㡣ֻ˵ͣűԿ϶⸽һħĴڣûħָӣǾŲĶΡ
濴ȥÿһξ룬һȺħޣܡƽ𻢡ǡħӦоС
ħЩħ޷ˡŰֻǲ֪˶ħ޾ۼʲôأ
ŵʱͻȻһŽ漴һ˴صĻ¡
ŴĻӶеħ޶һУȥ
ħٻǡһֵȻħĴڣֻǲ֪ж١
Ÿڷǵĺ棬Ҳٵƶ뿴һ⵽ôһ顣
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ǰʱվħħŶʶ
һǴӰߵħ鶬裬һȻħʥ
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վڹǰðû˵һ仰˰֮ãſڵȻˣ͹ɣαضԶ͵أ
ţһѵԼôܣ
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һεÿʲô˼ˡתͷҺ֣ôҵأ
˵ҵʵһ磬Ҳš㣬ﶼħħһ˵ȻͷųһȫͬϢԼоԼϢȴħ룬ǸгʱҾѾˡ
ԭŵǲǾһ˵˵ź͹ȫͬϢ벻ָǲܵ顣
˵ҲԡŵţҲˣʶʱҲѲ̣һֱûҪ鷳ΪʲôҪأ
ŵûҪҵ鷳˵鷳ֻһ飬ħҵһƬ꣬Ź𣿡
ţ⵹治ᡣ룬ǲΪоħ
ǵġʵ˵
ħĿǲҵʡܹΪħʥֻʵǿͷҲԴ
ŵͷǡ
۾𣬵ţҿԸ㣬ȴ֣֪ûҵΣ
ҵˣȻҪɱˡһ˵һ߿Ĺֵħڲ棿
ڡɱţʵ
Թô֪ûУ˵
ǺãҾһûжԿħʵ
ţɻĿ㲻˵ħû𣿡
ǵġûڣڣҶ򲻹̸ζԿأ
Ҵ򲻹㣿۾˵
Ȼ䡣


614 
ʮħվܣҲ˳Զǰֻźڶš
ŵĽУѰγһ롣һҲʵѾػʹв㣬ʵһȶǿ
ħʥǽħĴڡ
ħ֮Уֻһħʥ
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ſ˿ĵֿ˿ԼĽҺսǿӮġ
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ڣѲٴóɣҲܶĵ
ʱžֻһ飬ǾеĽȥԷѪ֮һ
žٽӳ뵶ײ
һ죬ǿĳŰһű¡
ȴû
һռ˾ԵϷ硣
У֮ǰǿĳɲܹ˵ġ
ײĳסǼӵĽ磬ֻžžһ죬ǱͲѺ۵ĽҲܲסڵһ֮ѡʧ
ãڽʧͬʱǳҲȥˣûлʮ˲㹬лʣµΨһһ䷿ݡ
龰һֲ̧˲ϵĺˮȻһƨ˵ϡ
ʥʹˣôˣȥִӶгֱǰЩĵʵ
û£ֻʧȥѡ˵һˣ裬ȥɱ
ǣӦ漴ŵµһСȥŸովǴȥġ
ǰҪôŪȴͻȻӶ
費ĺһһһϣѶһڵĽ
֪ŵжأԷȻԼӶгһţһҲҴ⡣


618 Сƽ
վڶǰѪɫܲ԰ף㲣ЩζӾվվȡ
л񽣣ȴ޹⡣
裬ûս֮ɱͻȻ
趨˶񣬻еĽֱָš
ſЦЦ˿Ǽû˽ӣ̾Ϣһֻһ
ǵģֻһţ޷ֹһƬںˡ۾˵
δء
ţ㣬ϸĿźһŵѵڻս֮
ûУСŵͷеĽս
䣬ͻȻ֣ǽƯڰգ漴⴦ɢŨɫâ
Ͷ۾˭û뵽ŵĽı仯
һСɫӽ⴦뿪ӭ㳤˲ͳȭͷС
ڵöڵɱȨԺöһֱûгֹ֮ٴչֳ֮
ȭͷŨ˼㣬뿪ֱŶȥ
۾еĽæȥ
뽣ཻһûз
ֻоһǿɽڣǿԶԶ
еĽѣһӾ͵ɳȥֱˤ￪⣬ֱͦͦĵڵϣҲû
ɫˣĽû뵽ġ
һʲôĽû˿Ƶ£Ȼܹӳ˵ħӰҲû
Ľ¶һ˿Ц⡣ӦһԻСݰɡ
˵㶵ĿǰǸŨǵģ˵һҲûУɫȫԻӡ
ȥָʮ˲ΨһŵķݣͻȻȵ
ɫŵڿһȦ󣬾һŷȥ
ûн磬ڸոźս£ѱƻ
ػʹĶ趼ܲסһײССһ䷿ӦҲֵܵ
ɽǣöɫȴûܹƻӣӵʱͻȻðɫħ
ײħϣɫâһӻɢ±СɻصŵĽϡ
񽣵׹أûܷһâĹâûˡ
һ˴߳ʶˣ档
ħ˼
߳Ȼħ˼
컹һʱ˭ܹ涨ħںϾҪ죿˵ֻһŵʱѡ
ȻûҲħҪܹôĶħȻܹõħ飬ȻҲܸоõ
ǣħȻͼӿںϵٶȣһʱ
תħ۾ˡոˡ
ħһۣͻȻһһŨħסȫƬ̺ɢȥٿˡ
жԼָæ˶衣
û¡ħһ֣һħֱڶϡ
Ķ裬ʱӵգգۣħʱ
ħ˵ͷǰƻҵںϣ
ϧǲ㡣ſħǲѾûֹܹأ
ħ룬Ҫռ磬Ҫһʱ䣬ҵûһħС
ħƽ͵ں˵
Ŷգգۣڵʵǿ
񶼵ԸңδػǶ֡˶٣ħֵҪɱȴ㹻ˡ
ڵϵ񽣣Ǿɡ
ûս֮ոһ˵òᣬ˵ħʱһ⾳ģҲǶ֡
ŻǾнֱָħ
ǵ˵ֻսûܵСħŮ
Ҳһͬһˡ
ɱͻȻǰһ˵
ħһۣʱ䣬ϵͽˣȵʱٻ
ǣӦ
ħ˵ͷҲûȴͻȻһɫĿתУԽתԽ󣬺ܿ㳬һ˵ĴС
ħ߽֮Уת˲ʧӰ١ߵʱûٿһۡ
ǰŵһμħʱħɱͷûаſĽ죬ѳǿߣħȴɺ͵һһҲûаŵһ顣
ûɱţֱӾͻħ硣ħףҪȥȴһ㶼ѡ
ħŽ֪ҪԸźףǶʱɱš
Ͷ趼ɴ۾ͻȻֵĺɫУֱħһʧһ˲תͷš
ţˣͻȻ˵
ŵͷǵģҰˣûֹܹħںϣȷʵˡ
˾Ӧˡеն񵶣ѽӲסҵһ
Ų˵ҲеĽ
ӲסҲҪӣ
ֻҪ˻ţֻҪڣһҪһ
ⲻܲܽס⡣һÿһ֮˶Ӧþ߱
ĵӳ
ŵĽӭȥ
ཻ
ŵֽһƮȥ
С
һǿޱȵ˳Žڣڵľࡣҵʹ˲䴫ÿһ񾭣Ļ˲ͱˮʪ͸
ŻǽеĽ
ػʹľǿȻħĴǾȴûѣһĳ֮£ԽԽ͡
ֻʹȴԽԽ
ҧ廹ڲƮʱʲôҲˣֻħŰɾе
ͽǶһҪϵĳܹø͡ԴԴϵؼʹøܹͣɸ
ǴʱĳȴԶܴﵽġҲŴﵽػʹҲ޷ԭѾղܹˡ
ڣħĳȴǿ˼㡣
ڵľܾҳͬʱʼһӦ
żɵڱԵʱʹʧͬһʱ䣬ؼӿ룬ɲǼڵħɢȻֿٵھߡ
ͻȻоԼڳоԼδǿ
ڿеſʱѲ߱вħںһƬ꣬ʵҲһ
ܹĸоػľ磡
ôҲ޷ػȻ´ﵽˣ
Ž˽еĽĵҪսһȴûз֣ʹʧһ˲䣬ͻȻֳһɫĹţ
ͨ񶼵Ļƽţ


619 ֵ ֵŮ
սеĽֻսһһҲ֪ͻȻһɫĹšֱŵУΧͻȻһƬƣɲ֪ʲô顣
ԾĿܣΧȫǽɫĹâûûеأûǳ
ô£ˡе񽣣֪᲻Σա
ѵʹó󷨣аϸĸӦΧһУȴһ˿ħҲо
ⲻŪģǲһħ죬ȴһħҲûС֣ΪʲôͻȻһطŰ˼⡣
֪˶ãûҲûʱš
ֻܸоԼһֱǰƮƮ˺ܾúܾá
ΧĽʧǰ߲ʹâ
͸ϸĴΧԼһӱߣˮ峺ˮơӱŴûľݣڻлŴҲûмĶĴܡԶһȺɽƣ͸߲ʵΧľɾһƮ졣
֪һʲôĵط뵽ǰС¥һܸˡطСð
ֻǣΪʲôͻȻһطأŻ벻ôһ飬֮ǰһж̫ͻȻˣûпǵƽţȻ²
Сǰȥҵһȥ·ǣǽɫͨһۼҲûУܾɫȻȴûнɫ
˺Զ֪֮ͣҲһ취룬ͳСӣħһ֪֪һط
óȴСһƬհףﾹǲͺɵϵ
ţסǰҲûгֹ飬֮УҲܹϵϡ
ȴС
ѵ뿪Ǹ磿һطͻȻһ
ţˣЩ׵ʱһͻȻ
ͽŷȴһҲûз˵Լ
æתһ˾վڲԼһԶĵط
һֻ֡һȣϵ·ãƣ̻µĲɣ
ʶˣǵڱȨ׷ɱʱźܵһƬƽԭϣ￴һƵһƵˡ˵ż꣬Ϊ˴ػһ仰˵ΨһܹħԿˡ
˵Ǿ仰˾ʧǸʱҲûаǼϡȴû뵽ﾹȻּǸˡ
ǵģǰ˾ˡ
գգۣͻȻʵ񶼣
ǵġﵽػľ磬Ȼͻᱻ͵񶼣ţѵⶼ֪𣿡˵
죬ȴû˵Ȼ֪ﵽػͻˣȻͲΪҵػͣˡȻħҲΪӶԻΪˡ
û뵽񶼣ֻΪһз̫ͻȻˡ
˾ĿţħҵһƬ𣿡
ŵ˵ͷҵˣħڻħ磬֮ͻٻǸʱҲˡ
üͷ𣬵ϧҪףȥȴǲܣҪ˿һȥֹħһƬںˡ
ſˣͻȻ뵽һ⣬һֱףҵʱΪʲôܹôʱأ
ħһҲһֱԻΪ󣬲ػġ
ԻΪȻںԼ˵껰һ˲ػЩ˵ûʳôºһϵûС
Ȼ񶼣Ȼֻһ飬˵Ҫػ񡣡
š˵ͷػ½ϵҪȥػﱨģʹȥ
ǲһֱңͻȻʵȻΪʲôҲͿˣ
˵ҲԡЦҪȵػ½ϵˣʡǲ֪ʲôطӦȥ˶٣ֵȻڵػ½Ҳֻпˣǰпܵħ񣬵Ǹ̫飬ԶҲ￴ġ
߰ɡŲ˵飬ֻػֻôܹٴγԼǰȻ֪ػԼûܹİ˴гžһֻ֪Ҫ˷žϣ
˵˵ͷǰһǰһš
ţ
ǵģţ߽ȥ͵ػĹˡ
˵Ļ߽Сٳʱȴһ԰С
ΧǽвֵĻܶ࣬ȴŨ
Ķʵ
ûӦ
תͷȴûпˡ
ֻǰԼȴûи
üͷЩѰӿһ̣һֵĸо˵ÿһ仰˻ɣÿһ仰ġ
ܿ죬ž׿еɻ˵飬˭ʲôˣԼûйϵ
ֻһĿģػġ
һź޹ء
߳԰ǰһССľͷһ
˳СȥҲ֪˶ãǰ
ǰĽ˵ǹЩǣǿֻһ¥ѡ
Ĵųţűûˡ
ֱ߽ڣһԺӣԺӣ¥ǰɿţűȴһŮ
Ůĺ㣬ʮ߰ӡ
ţûſڣŮ
ϵңžȵĿǰŮʵ벻ͨԷôгԼ֡
Ҳʶ㡣ŮЦ˵ػ֪ҪŵģȻû˵ġ
Ŷ֪Ҫգգۡ
ȻˣȻôءŮţ
һ˵Ůһתȥֻܸں档
¥УһȣŮ쵽һܴĴǰ棬Խȥ䣬ŮתߣգۼߵӰ١
üŮҲ֡Ҳûж룬ƿţ˽ȥ
к֪ǴʲôطĹâյͬһ
Ӻܴ󣬺ܿտ
ûδ̣ʲôûС
Ҳûػ
ոŮ˵ػ棬ȴΪʲôûأ
۾𣬡ѵػԼԼ񾳵ʱʶһΣһκػһЩ졣ѵ˼ޣԼ
뵽ͻȻһԡһȻʶɺżǵãǴμػҲһУȴҪܶ࣬Ҳл԰԰֮ǰҲҪܶ࣬һŨ
ﲢػĹ
ʱͻȻһ죬תȥȴžͻȻϡ


620 ʥʹ
ͻȻرգæܵűߣеĽȥ
Ⱪǣϣȴǲûа
㶣е񽣣ҪʯҲѣȴû뵽ûš
ŲõʯģǱȵʯӲ
ʯӲĽﲻ磬񶼡
ȻбȵʯӲ֮סħħǴг
ϸϿȥȴԼеĵطֻһǳǳĻۡ⻮ܹžǲͣһ£Ҳš
űסˡ
תͷ¿ȥֱʱŲŷ֣ûдֻǽСšбĹߣʹ֮ǰûע⵽һ㡣
ųȥѵҲܴӱ𴦳ȥ𣿡һ룬һһǽǰٽǽȥ
ǽȴǺúõġһҲֻһǳĻۡ
ǽھȻǺһĲϣΧŴתһȦϸļÿһطеһжͬһֲƳɡֻźǽڣǵﶼһ
⣬ĵطܳȥˡ
ߵǰͨľţûв壬һƾͿˡ
Ǳһȣխ䣬ȴҲɢĹâΧһжյ
Ŵţ߽СߵǽҲǺһ޷ƻ
žֻǰߡʱѾоߵͷҲӦóȥԼסˡҪ֪ﶼЩʲô
˺һʱ䣬ڴȣǰһšǰֳһդţդ޷ƻ
դһ̫ӣͬûδ̣ȴˡ
ˡͺǸŴȱֶϽŵ˲ࡣ
϶ƣ·ȴɾ˳Ⱦ
ǾмĵϣһҲûбǺʧ䣬ƽ֮
˭ôᱻſʵ
ŵȴûж۾û
һ˵˵˭ҪΪʲôأ
ŵҲ֪ػģȴ˴
Ŷ˵۾ţ㲻֪ػס
ҡҡͷ֪
ģ
ǡ˵ո񶼣ͱ˹ˡ
ŵĻһҲ۾ЩĿŵһˣ
ûСһ˺һŮûмκһˣҲûȥҲЩƵ˵Ҳ벻ԷΪʲôҪԼ
룬ʵﲻػĹ
ǣֻǹ˵ĵطˣԶٳȥ
üͷ벻ΪʲôҪԼƭȻ;֣ȴ벻ԷҪԼɡ
˱˴˶Ƭ̣ȻͬʱţһʵˣǲǸ緢ʲô仯
ţգգ۵ΪʲôҪʣ
˵ܼ򵥣ȻûеκˣȴصǾһ˵һЩ֪Ȼֻ飬룬һ緢ʲô仯
ħƬ꣬仯𣿡
ʲôŵĻͬʱվҲûǵ˾͵ǰ˫۾ĶסţмһդǷ˵ϲɡ
˵ħꣿôܣһʵҲûУôܹħУ
ŵһƬ꣬µħʥҵģһƬںϺħʵʱ䣬ҵꡣ
ŵĻ󶼴ˣ˺óʱ˵ˡ
ſˣʵǵʲôˣˣΪʲôôħ飿
ʥʹŷ㡣
ʥʹơ
ʥʹ۾һµʱ䣬ǰϤ
ʥʹǳ֮ǿĴڡ
һʥʹֱŷ㡢ƺ͡
꣬Ϊʥʹıѣʹôصˣꡣ
ӽǹ𹭣λʥʹ
Ҳû뵽Ȼʥʹ
ɻĿˣʵ޷˵Ļġ
һ֣ôᱻɣ˵
ŵͷ
ΪǰһսҺŷ㶼ˣ͵ȴᡣħ֮;ͰǸˣô򵥡˶٣ֵܸ˵ʲôûϵ岻ʵѾҪˣͲٳȥ
˵ǰΪȨݺΨһգжħҲֳôķ粨ħ֮Ȼ˹ͬҲ쾭顣ŵһ䣬֪ľ֮жûаͬ顣
ǾӦñģⶼԼµ
ŵѣգȻͬǡ
ʵҲûжǲ֮ͬġ
ŵĻŷȴˡŷô֪Ĵڣ㵽˭
˭Ҫ˵֪ʲô˾͹ˡ
תԭ·˻ȥһ۶뿴ˡ
תߣŷæȻ֪գһҲ˵ɰɣ
Ų˵ȥ
պܿܰˣˣû˵˭ѧɣŷҲ޷ƽˣЩ
ԷһᵽɣŽŲ˶٣ѧɣֺʲôϵ
ŷѧɵܹǾȳȥ
ŶŷĻȫͣסѧɲһʵǿôܰǾȳȥأ
ŷֻˮȫںϺпƿϣֻɵķˮͬޣҲֻɣܹˮȫںϡ
ŵͷ˼Ƭ̣ˣɲƿǽڡ
ŷ۾𣬵֪գ֪ǵ飬ҲµûһպϤɡ
ŵ˵ͷô˵
ôһǼ̳ɵ˰ɡѹŷ˵ô໰˵ֵʱŷµɵѧ
ϵΨһԼ׸߱ˡ
תʥʹûҾǼ̳ɵĴˡ
ˣʲô֣ŷʵ
š
ţϾͿƿȥ
Ŷ۾𣺡ôܹ˵ģ
ŷ㶣Ϊһƭ㣿
˭֪أնƭ
ƭıҪ𣿡
գգۣûС
ȷʵûСŷ˵ǳȥĻƭʲôأ


621 ػ
ſŷƣ˼òŵҪôܹ뿪
ŷǰػмͿƿˡ
ػмգգۣ˵ܹ
ŻǵãϴμػʱҲػмľ硣Ѿסǧֻ꣬дﵽػܹ񶼡ˣػ˵ǧʱ䣬Ŵػм
ػѾԱΪˣҪͲǼ꼸ʮˡ
ڣѺʥʹ˵ػмǵǺ׵һ顣
ŰŰɵĿˡ
ŷӵֻҪɣҪͲѡ˶٣ŷֵľɵˮǻԡɷֿ͸ǡҪףֻҪǰڵͿˡ
ң۾𣺡أ
ŷЦЦػмҪеΪֻҪһµʱǾͿԻָˡ
ų˼Ƭ̣Ϊ˳ȥͣ
Ȼŷһ˿⣬Ѻǽ꣬ǵȻҪȥˡţ԰⿴֮ĺǰΪһȥӴԺ֮߸ģˮˮΣ
ŵ˵ͷҺûбѡҪ뿪ֻиǺˡ
ŵĻŷжֳ֮ɫѱ꣬ͻȻ߳ȥϣеļҲƲˡ
ſˣҲ˺ܶ࣬ô˵Լ˳ȥĻᣬҪȱá
ţھʹ㡣ŷæ˵һӶٵ顣
ȴû߹ȥǵʱҿһ߻һţ֪涼Щʲô
Ҳ֪ŷ˵Һ类ģҲΪǸʱֻһСݣĶǺġ񶼷Щʲô飬Ͳܹ֪ˡ
룬Ǻãȥһ涼Щʲô
ţҲáŷ˵ͷʱܴţҪ˽С˵⣬ŷ˶٣ЩĵĵţһҪѽ
Ų˵ϣҲˡ
ġ˵Ҳһֱһط
䣬תʱ·ȥ
ߵһȡһģһխ䣬֪ӺδĹ⡣
žֱߵȵľͷһľţǰֳһդҲ͹Ѻʥʹһ
ûδ̣ʲôûС
ȴҲˣһ
һŮˡ
һʶŮˡ
ػ
ô۾ʵ벻ԼȻػ
ţػԭ룬ˣҲû̧ͷһۡԭʲôٹˣİЩϤĺػ̲ס̧ͷȴû뵽Ȼš
ػ񻹼ǵţҼǵúֻźһԼػ޳Ϊ˰¡
ϵ£Ҳˡ
ػûţԶҲǡ
ػźһͻȻʵأ
ָָԼģ
ػ۾𣬵ˣ
ˡ˶٣ֵġ
ػ˵ͷôܹվǰ
ǵġ
ǵõҾͶ˵Ҫػ񾳽磬пػ³֡
ػ񵱳ȷʵ˵üͷ𣬵ûбİ취ˣ
ûˡ
룬ʵػľ磬Ҫ೤ʱ䣿
ػͷ˼Ƭ̣֪ػмǧ꣬мǧ졣
ţ㶣Ϊʲôмô죿
ػмһ󾳽мȴһС磬ͻơ
ʱпܴﵽػľˣһϲû뵽ػľ羹Ȼģô˵ԼǺ㡣ֻҪƺŷԼﵽв㣬ôͺˡ
ŵĻػȴǿЦҡҡͷôף֮һǧ꣬ȴһչûСػ񣬺Ǹܴﵽľ硣
ﵽ񾳵ģֻһˣա
㵽ֻһ֮һȴҲûܹԽ
ʥʹУʥʥʥСǰħҲûĿԽ
գգۣҴػʹػ˽ս´ﵽġػ񾳽磬ǲҪһǿĶսܹ̤룿
ػЦҡҡͷܹ뵽İ취ҶԹˣûá
ҲػʹػĽ׶ΣȻеϾô˵ԹˣһʲôԹˡ˵ûҲһûá
˼˵ǵİԶҲٳˣüͷ
Ҳ֪ػϺȻֳʧ֮ɫҲﵽľ磬ҵҲ˵Ͼľ磬Ⲣһ˵
˵գ
ǵġػ˵ͷûмգ֪һʲôˡ֪ǰҲֻһ˶ѡܹľ磬Ҳһпܡڵǣ˵Ǹ߸ϵĴڡҲһͨͨ˶ѡ
ػĻűЩʧɫǵģȻܹľ磬ԼҲһԡ
µѾҪվԼߣھֻһ취ػ񡣶ҪػҪﵽػмС
ôҪģǻصһƺŷˡ
գգۣſػôᱻģ
Ϊ㡣ػ˵
Ϊңס
ǵģʶʱ˵顣˵֮󣬱ȥʥʹʥʹ½ͨȥֹħꡣȴʥʹ˵֮󣬲ûдͨҹ
ػĻЩˣ̲ס˵ֻܽܳȥѵʥʹа취뿪
ǵġػ˵ͷ񶼺ħ粻ͬħǱʹڵһռ䣬ȴλʥʹִġⴴĿռȻҲнƣλʥʹȴа취ͨ
ԭˡգգۣʥʹΪʲôȥֹħҪأ
ػ˺ܳʱ䣬ôֻһֿܡǾֹħ
ŶɻĿػħƲӦǲܵ顣ֹħħѵŹ𣿡
ǵġħܹŹҲµĲһѺħһˡǰħս֮ʱѾͶħȻλʥʹսûɻŵġ
λʥʹս۾
ǵģǰĴսֻʥʹһ˻
ҡҡͷƺŷû
ûػһӴӵվȵĿš


622 ̥
ŵͷƺŷûھ乬ڡ
ػ˰Σŵұץʱ򣬿һ໹һȣѵǱǱߣ
ǵġŵ˵ͷҾǴǱ߹ģոջǡ
ػһ㵽ǰмֻһդţôڻ𣿡
ãոǻһ취ܹ뿪
뿪ػЦһµôܣһжƳɣͲܱƻ˭ҲӲȥġ˶٣ػֵʥʹôᱻأʥʹôôıסǣػҲ벻ġ
ŵǰħսƺŷ㶼ˣȴֻһˣһ¶ûзѣǸʱǸûз
ԭˡػ۾΢УһڴսڼͶħԲŻôҵսֻˡ
пܡҲǵ˵ͷҲֻܹ˵ͨһС
ֻǣĻΪʲôɱҪǹأЩɻ˵
ػҲҡҡͷҲܹ׵ˡ
ţܹ뿪𣿡ǰ飬ػҲ̫ģڡ˭뱻ŵģػȻҲ뿪
ŵ˵ͷ˵ԡ
ǣ
ģֻҪܹ뿪һȥġ˵
ţлл㡣
ҡҡͷлңҴ뿪ֻΪҲһеİˡ
ͬһ־ֻһ㣬Ų˴뿪뷨ˡ
ˡȵܹȥʱһ㡣䣬ת·ȥ
ػû˵ֻǴĿţֱ߳ԶͻȻ˵ţʥʹɲɿ
ŽŲûͣɿǺͬһˣԭֻΪûжͶѡ
ǺǺ᲻Σգ
֪˵ұѡܳȥٰȫҲС
䣬˳ȥ

һĹ
һȱֶϽŵ˾ڹǰ̨ϣԱվһֻʮ߰Ů
΢ۣԺһ꺬ŵ滨һῪϣ첻˭Ҳ˵Щʲô
ŮҲ
˿Ůȴˣֱ˲ſ죬Ů˵ΪʲôҪŹؽ󣿡
˵Ϊħġ
ħģŮ㶣ôܣһħûа
ЦЦϵƿˣˣȻħˡ
ǵô˵ħأ
ΪͶħ˵ǵϴ뿪ǸʱžѾͶħˣֻΪҲ֪ѡ
ԭŮգգۣǵΪʲôֱӰȥҪأ
˵ɱףܹǸãҲһʱ䣬ˣ֪ԼĴ
˵ĻŮǳ֮⣬ؼΰ񡣡
ղΰġ˵ŷ㡢λʥʹ̰ûöȥĻħͲܸôѣڵҲһĸá
ǰŮ˵ͲӦǷʡǹؽģⶼһˣִԲ򡣡
һǻ֪ԼǴġ˵ϲɱˣ˭ûȨɱ˵ġ
ȱˣҲֻеʸλáŮݵ˵
ôܸأֳһ˿޵Цˣǻݰɣһ죬λʥʹ󳹴ġ

ƺŷ㡣
Ż᲻۾˵
ȻᡣֻҪȥһŷаյ˵
۾΢΢𣬵ս̸ˮ̸һһֱҲ벻Ϊʲô˰ѱ˴˵Ҳ޷ںأ
յļˣһٽ̸һ㶫ںϲˣ±Խ
šƵ˵ͷɺͣȻǵĹһ룬ֲɱǡ治֪Ҫʲô
Ҫôĥǡŷüͷ𣬵ǸӣǹҲ衣ȱֽ֮ͷˡ
ǲΪտֽţͶħƵ
ŷ˵ͷȻˡ֮ǰҲ֪ħȻҲǸʱ¶ˡ
ƵΪʲôִֺħأǸʱħվһ𣬿ڵѾħˡ
ô£ŷֻǼװͶħ֣սܹԸǶѣѵ㻹Ϊͻħ𣿡
ɽҡҡͷĻͲӦùŵģȻħôħϢأӦôȥԸħŶѽ
ҡŷ˵ȥħǰһᱩ¶ôضƷ
Ҳܾ͵ħɱɡʲôҲħͻŹˣ
ħûɱܹһһ죬ãţҲлˡֻҪѧıħҲκβˡŷ˵
ŷĻ۾Ĺ⣬ֻҪڵǾ
Ȼŷ¶ЦݣˮȫںǵڣȻıʱҪƿ󣬾һ֮ˡ
šҲ˵ͷ޾֮·û뵽󣬾Ȼһ컹Ǵǲ
ŷЦֻЦŸոշͻȻסȵˡ
šƵ˵ͷֲԾ¶ЦݣǵϣҲˡ
˻󣬹˺һʱ䣬Ųų˵ǰ
ߵդߣŷæŽǰ
ţȥǱ߷ʲôûУŷʵ
ҿػҲһˡ
Ǿ˵ѹ㣬ǲʲôΣˣŷһҲػ飬꣬Ͳ֪ػĸ
ûΣա˵ܹ뿪ػҲȥ
㡣ŷʹ˵
ǲǿԿʼˣƽ˵ѾЩȲˡ
ǿˡſλʥʹҪô
Ϳˣʲôáŷ˵
ŵ˵ͷһԥҲûУդڡȻҲ֪ǰ˲ʲôö뿪űѡ񡣶ҲҲ뿪ȻҪԼС
Ҳ벻ŷνĺ˵ѹţ෴


623 ͵ʴ
ŰդŷƱ˴˶Կһۣͬʱ˵ͷ漴һֻ֣ץ֮ϡ
Ȼž͸одһǰԼڵǵС
ǣ۾Ǹ
ŷ㿴ţùʱȻܹ˵
ţǣҲһ뿪ǿԴȥ
Ҳ˵ǰұ֤ɱ㣬Ժ󻹿֮м
ŵˣŭ𡣿ȴһ취ҲûС
ǵ֣ȴֻɽѹ棬ʹһ¶ǲܡ
żȫʶڵȴҲƲˣԷд̫ǿ
֮ǿʥʹ㱻סһҲмľ磬ȻֻһΣȴԶԶţοڻڿһ
̾Ϣһ˫ۣвʣʱҲ޿κΡ
ۣʶӻԾŵʶһֱڸžڱ˫۵һ˲䣬žȵķ֣ԼʶȻԼ˶ԷڡʶڶԷں谭ߡ
ܹĸӦԷڵһС
ŷӵеˮӵеǻھе·ߺԼ󣬵ȴȫͬǵССĲ죬ʹɡ
ԼˮǵľУ˵£һǵĵƶ֪ҪǿкԼںϣӶʹǵһɣ
ֻ𣿣
һߣڵ˵ĵȴͣڵлһȦŵȻ˳
ŷƵɫˣ
ⲻǿƵģûŵߣŵȴԼˡ
ҲſƵģŻûԼڵƲˡ
Լߡ
ɵ棡
һֻŵ߽֮ŷƵҲŵ˳ȥ
ǵǲɣɣˮ񿴼졣
˵˵ĿƣһҲĸŵ߳ڸԵһȦ󣬾Ȼ˳˵ִصڡ
ŷƴ󾪣Ҳ벻ᷢ飡
ڵ֮ǰһѲǵĿƣ
ı仯Ѳµнı仯
ߵʱһҲûвţ֪Ż񶼣ִ֪ʱ顣
ŷɿץסŵ󣬿ȴɲǵϣѹһɽһ¶ǲܣ
ֻĿԼ뿪ŵС
ҲЩˣзһУͬҲƵġûܹ뵽ᷢ飬Ȿǲܷġ
ֻŷƵŻᷢı仯ҲҪǵڲܹı仯
Ե޹ʣ˭ֻԼ˵أ
˲ŵռΪУôԶҲܰ䵽ڡǾԶҲܷˡ
˾վϣȴһҲʲô˲֪˶ãŷƵɿ
Ȼ˾ĵȥ
ȴǲڵɷתǿӿ£һЩխľȫͨ
ȻڵһĹɣھתڵʱΪһ塣
ŵʵʱţоԼڳǿĴŻϢ
ʣʱǴﵽػм붥ҲԶյģػмȫ
һˮһǻԶ޷ںϵŵУȴȻΪһ塣
Ҳļƣͷһ㣬֪һ졣
šڵϵŷ㾹ͻȻ˵ҳȥɣѾһͨˣٴһΣա
Ų˵ֻǾĿŷ㡣
ŷּ˵뿪ҷŵȥҾ͹ȵӡ
գգۣ㻹ĺáѾһͨˣһˣҲûмɻˡοѾ꣬Ҳټʱ䡣
䣬תߡ
ûɱŷơ
ǶѾΪͨˣûаѾ꣬һͨˣٻ೤ʱ䡣
ûɱǵıҪ
ȻҲǡ
Ǹո뺦˵ģǳɹˣŵ³ͺһҲǱһͨˡŵȻȥҪԼˡ
ʥˣûôؽ󡣲ɱǣ˵ѾǷˡ
ŷƻڿధ󣬲Ҳûпһۡ
˭뵽߸ϣ񣬾ӽͰǹˣʱڵϰţڸոգǻݺšǵļƻɹˣôŵ³һ˶ŹšҲֻһܹ뿪ŷҲŹ˴ˡ
νӵһ˼룬̰գ˽աЩܴλʥʹϿ
ֻǴ˵ն˵ûֻʵǿܹͨ˵ѡ
ֻĳ̶ֳ˵ǻҽ
߳ȥСᡣ
ߵ߽һȡٴѺػǰ
һˡ˵
ػţդߣߺûж
ô죿
ǰ
ػ󣬵λʥʹأ
ǻ
ŵĻػֳһ˿ʧ䣬Ǽƻûгɹ벻ˡ
գգۣûгɹҲ֪һûԹ
Ŷػ㶵ĿţʵŵĻʲô˼
ǵļƻʲôܹ𣿡ػ̲סʵ
Ȼԡŵǵļƻλʥʹǵ͸ңƿʵ
㣿
ǵģҡΪյɣ˵ֻɲܹƿ
ô˵λʥʹѾˣȴûдǳ
ŵţҲô˵
ŵĻػ˳һţΪʲôǣ
ҵȻǡ룬Ѹոշػ񣬵˵Ӧþ𣿡
ػĬòŵʥʹȻˡ֪Ҳ񶼡ħԻΪҲ񶼡
ûкػ˵ȥͻȻγеĽܲդػ˺һЩ
ҽΣţԽ֡ػһˣһ˵
ŵ˵ͷãҾͽΡ


624 ˭˭
ػȥԶˣŰеĽǰȥ
һĹâֻһ죬դű㱻
һ⣬ơ
ػǾϲ֮ɫҲûһӾ͵ߣһץסţĺţлл㣡䣬۽ˮܹ꣬ȥеļ޷ơ
ҪлҡҾ㣬ֻΪͬһ־˶٣ֵڣǲӦЩʲô
ε˵ͷħںе꣬ϱȻңǱҪҴ͵Ŀ֪飬ȥˡ
šŵ˵ͷҪôҲеȥԿϵħʱҲ֪򻹰ȫħѾںе꣬Ȼ񶼣ħʵȴΪں϶
Ǳħҵ򣬱ǧͷҲ޷סĵС
Żǵʥ˵ħȫʢʱڣһͷֻһħսƽֶѡڿ˵ħȫʢʱˣħȴǰ
ڣֻе񣬲пܶԸħħˡ
˶ػεĻһ㶼ûзԣзλ
ȥҿɣĵ˾ǿˡֻҪ˵ˣһվһ𷴶͵ġ
ŵ˵ͷãǾȥҿ񡣡
һ˵һȥܿĴǰ
žٽҪӳȴͻȻˡ
һʮ߰Ů˽
ŮŴǸ
źػվһŮ۾ԭغһſػν㣬ô㲻ǣ㲻ǡŮɻ;壬Ļ˵
ЦЦƣǲ㸸׸ѾˣŮ͵Ůơݵ˲գԼĸס
ڵ񶼣û˳ˡǰħսֻʥʹ˶սˡû˼գȻҲû˻ˡ
ҲһȻǶ˵ΰ󣬵صȴԼĸ͡
ƵУĸȱݣػܹ
ƵɴۿΣǰ˵Ϊ̫񾳣ִν㣬ôһ飿
գգۣƣﵽľ磬˵ִÿ𣿡
ţЩܡε˵ͷ˵ǸҲƭҵѽ˵νͱ˲ͬΪ̫񾳣ܹػԲŻⲻܷġ
һţû˵ҴҲûйʲô߻ħ
ô㶼ȥգ۾˵˵Ϣҿ˺üء
󣬵ƣ⼸꣬һֱС
ʲôƴ󾪣ôܣ˭ôĵӣѽؽ˽У
ƣ񶼿԰˹ؽľֻһˣҲ
ᣡȦͻȻˣѽģûз²ˡУôܻؽأ
㸸˵ˣڻšƣһ룬ûƭıҪ
סĿΣðŵν㣬֪ãǲƭҵģŵҲƭҡ˶٣ֵν㣬ǲҪ㣬ðø׵ؽˣ
ػϧĿǰƣ̾Ϣһƣ㸸ףлбܹ𣿡
ס
ֵ꣬㸸԰ҹؽġƣܶ㶼֪㸸ײΰ󡣡
ΰģ˻ߵĺ
˵仰ʱ۽ȴˮ䡣
֪ʲôԭĻŵδʱͻվǰԼĸףƵҲ˱仯
һ㣬׿˵ˡ
ȴվԼǰ븸׵ĻѾìܡ
ڣ˸׺Լû˿ԽҾǿԼǽ͵͵͵ԿģһţȰһȰħ˵ꡣ
û뵽Ȼ￴ΣȻ˵Ǹװؽеġ
ƣ಻Ž㱻˵
ƵͷѾΣѾɲš
ƣ˵ν᲻Ϊ˴󱻹ؽģ
ᡣ˵ǽķ˴󣬸һṫУ˶֪Уٰѽġ
ǰ˵ԿҪ׼һʵĸײΰ󣬶ҺĻȥԶ
ν㣬㵽˵ʲôƵЩܸоĳνҪ˵£һǹ׵ģһԽܵ顣
룬ҹؽֻΪҼš
ţڰĿ⿴ţ㲻𣿡
ǵġŵ˵ͷ
㲻ǵһ𣿡۾˵ͻȻһЩεĻҲ©
ŵҴﵽ񾳵ʱʶػһӦ
šƵ˵ͷһ˲
ֻΪţͰؽˣ
ǵġΪ֪һ顣
ʲô飿æʵ
ħҵԼ꣬ħֿʼǿǲܼʱֹǰĴսһα
ʲôһ漴ַ㣬㱻ƭˣħɵġ
ħɵģֵסſƺһŵ㸸׶˵ģ
ȻƵȻΪʲôҪ
գգۣƭġ
Ϊħļϸ˵ȻΪʲôҪ㣿
ҡҡͷħļϸػħǿ𣿶ػΪ֪ͱ𣿡
üͷ𣬵ţô˵ʲô˼ѵ˵Ǹǰ鴫ȥŰǸ

ţǲ˵ײħļϸ
˼
š۾𣬡Ϊ𣿸ƹ񶼣ؼߵĴڡ㾹Ȼ˵ħļϸ⻰ǿЦ
һ㶼ЦͱͲʲôöǰ¶գʹʧħһ硣
ʥʹգı߻һУҩҲšҲղŶһһ㡣֪飬ԲɱŷƣȴŹ͡
ȥһ磬ѾǰһС
ȴҪΪѱ
һǰĳ
ŵĻҲˡһбһ
ţҲ˵ҵĸף


625 С
ۿվԼǰƣеĽҲ
˾Ҫ֣æм䣬ſƵûгΪʲôҪֽأ
Ʋ˵
ػתŵǵĵͣôҪһŮӶأ
üͷ𣬵͵ŮҪԸͣȻҪȶԸŮС
Ϊʲôͷţ£Ůʲôϵ
ŵ⵹ûйϵҪɱ˼ҵĸףŮӦ𣿶ŮӦȻҪȶԸŮˡ
⡭סֻͿһϵûУȴһҲûôǶԸԼĸأ
ֿƵƣ㲻Ҫ֡㸸ܶ˵飬ŷλʥʹ꣬㻹֪ɡ
֪ƴ˵λʥʹöػ񣬲ŵǳħսΪȱûɱǣһֱǹڽϣܹʶԼĴ󣡡
üͷû뵽;ȻһƭԼŮǰ飬ָҲ֤ݣҪĸһ֮ˣǺˡ
ôڿһֱΰĸס˼ǱͿԸıġ
ΣÿҺһսͻȻ˵
ԣν㣬ÿɱڮٸ׵ļϸ˵Ҳ
㣬Ͳ֪Ҫôźá
һ㶵˲䣬һƹΣֱӾ͵ԡ
еĽббĴֱ̳߼䡣
û
ƵĽžŵ·һһ뻹СĶ
һȫһ㡣
ʮžսȴҲû˷һ
ǹĵˮĽ޷Ƶһȣ
ͲܱȽϵġ
񶼣еҲﵽػľ硣ο͵Ů
ͣߵĴڣǴյ
ŮȻҲͨ˿ɱȡѴﵽػмľ硣
Ÿոʱ򣬾ԲܵסƵһ
ڲͬڵҲﵽػмңɣմɣ
ǽ̴ŵ·ȴûܴŵļȵǽµʱŵȴͻȻʧԭء
һ˲䣬Ƶ߳š
ţ
ͬʱƴ̳
ͬˣͬĽȴͬĶ
һƵʺһȴŻӳ
磬Χ߲ʵͷ˿
Ƶɫһ˲ˣܹĸоˡġ
ﵽػмֱ䡣
óĲ⻯Ӱʵ塣
ûܹΪʲôһ˿Աû֪ôһ
˵˼ܹġ
ƶ㲻ֻܵסһ
һȻǵֵԼʺĽһ
æеĽʺӲƴһǡ
ĽûȫһĹâǱŻӳĽͻȻ
ƵʱѪһ죬еĽڵϡ
۾󣬻ûӦһѵסʺ
ֱһֱһˡ
žվǰнֱָʺ⴦â²˿˿
һɷϢƺᴦſڣһ仰û˵
Ǳŵò˵˵ʱƣһǿϢѹסԼһ¶ǲܡ
ţɱػͻȻû뵽սȻô
ǿʵѧθոҲסֱʱŷӦ
ȻҲûҪɱƣȻѾˣκ̫
գգۣͻȻջеĽƵ߰ɡ
ϵѹһᣬҲܹ˵ˡţΪʲôɱң
֮䲢ûгΪʲôҪɱ㣿ŵոպ㽻սֻҪ֪ԼڵʵΣ˶ѡ
ǳ˳飬û뵽źԼһܣȻֻԼ֡ʱҲŷ֣Լ˲أոûסеĽֻΪǸʱһʹֲɡսҲܡ
ţɱҰɣͻȻ˵ǲ˺׵ģ
ûֹҡ˵
죬ȴһ仰Ҳû˵ǵģûʵֹܹšոյսѾ֤Ȼźͬľ磬ǰȴһ㷴ûС
Ҫɱɱһֻôס
Ʋ֪ǺõʱһϵͻȻ𣬵ƾɱң
ǴӺԶĵطģ仰ո˵ʱһͻȻͳǰ
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ͻȻ֣æ
˰ѿ󣬵£еڡ
ͣ۾ʵ
ǵģҾ͡˵벻㾹Ȼܹӽӳ
Ϊ͵˽ԿףȻǳġ
ԭתͷ˿һۣ⺢ӣԽԽˣҪǷʲôô죡
˵ӣͻȻǰһЦͣ㲻ҪװģˣҲŽڷ᲻֪Ϊܹ͵óԿ𣿡
۴ΣҹҵŮ͵ԿףΪʲôҪô˶٣ͻȻ¶ʧɫӣ㣬ػô
һװĻ񣬵ֹؽģھȻôĻ㾹ȻҲ˵óڣ
Ұؽ󣿡͵ΪʲôҪؽ󣿡һ˵һתͷƣƣõ𣿡
ҡҡͷᡣ
һѿͺóʱ䣬ʱŵҲػ֮飬ֻͣ㣬ΪʲôҪƭң
ƭ㣿۵ƭʲô
ǰǾͼһ棬Ǹʱ˵ػȥҵġְƭҹڽСѵƭ𣿡
ǵģؽҵ˼ǰţҿûкϣֻ֪Ͷħѡ˶٣תͷƣƣðػȥƭ𣿡
ȻᡣƿŵҪƭ㣿֮ǰ˵ģȫɱģõƭ𣿡
һ͵Ҳǣһ벻ΪʲôҪƭңȫɱҵġΪʲôҪҹأ
֪ͻȻ˵Ϊ񶼣ÿһ˶Կ𴦵顣ɱ㣬Ȼ˵ɻֻܰ
ܿκһطŵ飬Ҳܿ
ܡ˵˽ڣ񶼷һ飬˶ܹ
бûܹüˣ
ε˵ͷܹüһ֪ʲô飬ԲŻÿֹǳȥͬʱҲһʵ
ǣԼ͵ģǸġæ˵
գգۣҲµĲһΪ㸸˵ʲôɡ
죬ȴû˵ʲôԼðȰ˵ŵ뷨Ϊ˵ŵҲܿͶħҲȲѡ


626 ɱ
ԻڣƵͷ˼ͻȻ˵ΣҲ֪Ϊʲôһ𣬵Ͷħǻھվ
վǱߣٱ𣿡ЦͣеӦÿ﷢顣ӦúܿͻˣҵҪ棬ҪôͲֹħ飡
۾ĿΣô˵һˣ
գգۣεͻȵʱٶԸ𣿡
εǵģ̫ˡ˶٣ͻȻֵֻ񶼲ȵĻҲ֪ҪôԼŮأ
񶼣۷¶УҪǰС񶼵Ĺء
Ȼ͵ĵλǴʱɱźΣҲ˵ʲô˵Ҳҡ
һ;ûа취Կƽˡ
һԵĿεĻ̲סô᲻ǰأν㣬ײǸӵġ
ŶĻǾˡεֻҲ㸸׻ȵҸҿ϶ϾҪˡ
ᣬԲƻҪ磬һ仰û˵꣬ȴԼĸͻȻų˹ȥ
ȻͿűˡ
ֻת˲֮䣬׾ͺͶԷվһ
ΧĿռͻȻ˿磬ѷԲǧɢ
Ҳսţźս͡
Ŀţǲ֪ԼҪôźáǰԼĸף־òԡ
ײӦʱֵġ
û
ѵʲôɸ˵֪ҪɱڲɣƵˣԼĸףʱҲɻ
ѾһУ˵ûйûܹš
Ҳǣ˵ħ飬֪ػѺô꣬Ƿ˲ɡ
ûñǰõǻ𹭡
Źڱ̻С
;ԼҪɱţҲҪñոѾŵ֡Ȼɺ桢ǿ󣬵ȴһҲ¡
ƹǿĴڣʵѳԽ𶥲աȻûûдﵽյľ磬ʵȴҲѳԽ˶㡣
˲Ϣ֮䣬ƵоֻܿĹâѿâеˡ
ǺХķͲʱײ
˵γһ֮ãһӰͻȻǹâзɳֱǰ
ν㣿ƾ
ǰΡ
λѪȾ죬жٵ˿ڣܹó˵ĺء
ûܹӦƵĺѾԹȥûдӹâеʱѾԡ
͵ǰػľʲôҲǡ
ŵľ绹ûθߣûдﵽ𶥲㣬սȴڼ
ţҲҺҷһսŨͻȻͲϵ
ûӦһҲ֪ڷʲô
ֻܲ³ŲǸ׵Ķ֣ƾɣ׾˲
˵ǹһӵʱ䣬ξ˹ŨâĵܿͻˣţҪס
λ䣬ǰâȴͻȻʧ漴ͺ˵ֳ
۾ϸĿš
ŵɫܰףһ˿ѪѿҲˣ˵Ҳᡣ
ȴվñֱĶסͣһ˫գҲգ
ţΪɱ㣿۾˵
Żǲ˵ֻǾվ˿
ţҾʶʶؼǿһţоͻȻһŹ
ɣ貵һŹ
йͬʱ͵ϾȻûһֻ貵ֱۡǻûֱʵһ֣ޱȡֻͽɫһһϣбһ֧
漴һϣ
;ùģǰħϧܣΪ˻񹭵һ
ǹӽûܹ˺ħֻ͵ĹŸħȥش
ڣй
Ȼǻ񹭣Ȼֻɡ⹭УҲҪȱ̻ʹõĻҪǿ
ֻ̻һλ񹭣ǸʱŻֻǺ⾳ʵ
ȴǽ죬ڵԼҲδܹס̻һ
ܹΪߵĴڣȻΪܹؼǿһ
ûܹ㿪ҲûܹȻߵȨ
ںʱεأʵ֤һеġ
ţǲΪһֻ֣˹ˣ۾˵
Żǲ˵۾ȴǿ͵ĺ󷽡
˴ʱЩٶȶ쵽˼㣬תۼ䣬㵽ԡ
ôˣʲô£Ȼʥʹó˹һúܸߺܴĴ׳˴ʵǵһԵġ
ſʱȴǷǰ棬ǴӺ׷Ȼһ˲䣬㳬ǰˡ
οеĿеλ͵ˡ˵ʵ͵ˡ
ۿеĹȻֿŵ˭ȻܹƵʥʹó
ҽšڿڵһûǸʵܹƵǵʥʹóĹԶԶĶ֡Ҫôֻǵ֮ǰɱڶѡֻǿϧһ
ɱڣ۾󣬵֮ûܣ֮˵
źͿ˵ʱ͵ַ¡еĹֻûһӾʧ
ʱҪŵĻǾͱȻĻˣ;ûа취ˡ
ǿɱˣһŲɸ˵飬ҪôˣǱҲ޷š
ڣҲӦ֮ߡ
ʱ͵ѾΧʮˣſһ飬ͻȻߵߣδӵ·𣬵ǶӦʶɣ
Σ
ػ񣡡
Σ˶ȵĺ㲻ô
ػ˿ǿѹסڷӿĵûǰұʥʹؽУֱ˳
ʲôεĻȵʥʹΪʲôҪ
Ϊ֪һ顣˵
Ҫ˵ͻȻȵħļϸҪƻ񶼵ġ
ɻĿ˿ͣػѾ˼ǧ꣬ôǼϸأҾǼϸʥʹ֪ܣҲӦùвŶԣΪʲôǴҲû˵飿ȴֻõػϢ
񶼣ΨһһҶײ͵ˡҲһֱӵˣ뵽ʲôͻ˵ʲô
ʥʹΪʲôҪ˽ԹѺͻȻʵ
գգۣҲûйѺΣҲ֪ΪʲôͻȻ
ûйѺüͷ𣬵Ϊʲôڼǰ˵ػˣ


627 
ڿʻüͷ𣬵񣬺˵Ӧõ𣿣ѵһƭ㲻ɣ
ֻǵüǰǣػΪ״ˣȴվָ˵㲢û˵ʲôħļϸڣͻȻ˵Ļôţ
תͷߵļʮˣʥʹ˵Ļ𣿡
ûӦ
ߵĵ˵ûκܣȴһ󡣳ʥʹ㣬û˿Խ룬ҲûܹӦϢָǰĽ󣬵ʥʹ˵ûм˵ܣ²š
ۿſ񣬵Щ֪ͿˣǲҪ˵ġ
ЦѾ̫ˣǽ쿴Σһǲ˵ʲôڲС̫ˣԾȥһȥ˾ҡ
֣͵֪ʲô˵֣
ָָţ֪Ե޹ʹѺСֵܡȻ㿪ֱӰĺСģһȴǿˡ˶٣˵һո񶼵ˣͲɷ˵⻹𣿡
Цһ֪һֱڹעҵһУһ֪ܲڵĵλԼ˵һȱȱŵˣôƹ񶼡
㶣漴һֱڼң
֮ûܣÿһκһ飬Ҷ֪͵ͻȻ䣬ÿһ˶һʣ˵ĹһֱûǣֻΪҲǶĵ¶ѡ
һֱھſ͵ĶԻ񶼵һʲôĵطˡ
ſߵε񶼣һܶе񶼣㲻ЩΪʲôҪסΪֹûпһõĵط
̾ϢһΪû֮ǰ˭Ҳ֪ӵģ֮󣬱Ҳ߲ˡ
һߣɺԡͻȻ˵Ƕ˰ɣÿ˶֤Уһ˭ʥʹػһЩ˵㡣
ÿĻɫ˱䡣û˵
˭Ҳ˵е뷨˭Ҳҳ͵ļ
˵Ǿǲ˵ԭ򣬿Ҳˮݡ
ε˵ͷ֪Ͳͣȴû뵽ֻǼʱ䣬ȻԵĵز
ź˵СȴѾͻȻתͷεΣ֪ʥʹΪʲôҪ㵽֪ʲôܣ
գգۣǰŴﵽ񾳣ʶ񶼣˵ħգѰԼ꣬ҵôϢæȥʥʹȴʥʹǰҹ
ʲôεĻ֪ǿ񣬱Ҳ󾪣һЩҲ̲סڿʼСֹ
Ƭ̺󣬿أħҵ𣿡
һûлش𣬶˵ħѾƬ꣬ħ磬µħʥħޣռ硣Ϊ֪Ϣ˵ȥŰҸ
һ̲סʵʥʹΪʲô˵Ϣ
ȻһֱͲͣҲֻԷ˳۶ѣŴʱ˵ԶԶǸ˵ĶԹħϢôͲǼ򵥵ˡ
ŵΪǰͶħ´ȥֹħ꣬ᱩ¶飬ô񶼵ˡ˶٣ͻȻͣҲµĲӦþ˰ɡ
һɺԣĿţƾʲô˵ǰͶħǸʱû㣬κһ˶ûоǰĴսƾʲô˵ңţ֪ǰħսܣסƬ꣬Ϊһ˵Ҫûңǰħˡ
ǵģ˵һ㶼ŵֻ˵ǳսֱħ㣬ħƲôķˡ
˵͵һδսʧȥһһţ㾹Ȼ˵ͽͶħôɽӣ
ֺͽħսʱϵ𣿡ͻȻʵ
Ȼ
ͣͻȻ󣬡ܹӽڴΣӦѾ֪ʲô˲Ŷԡ
ͻȻ˱仯ɴ۾ţѵǣ
û˵ոյսӦҲѾõɡڿԸ㣬ѧΪҵõһؼѡΪҼɵˣһµʱ䡣Ҳ֪ǰһСֺôʧȥģҶ
񣿣޷򶨣Щģ
ﶼҪֻҪ֪ʶͿˡ˵
𣿡ͲȱʱЩյϢҲ򶨲κһ˷УǶգȴһľ⡣
Զ޷Խգͺһ㣬κһ˶
УΨһһ˽յˡ˽ԸòϲãҪʵ
ȻʥʹҲ˽գǱڽУѾ㲻񶼵ˣֻ͵ͽѣʲôöˡ
ƿդʱ;һҲֻ֪յɣֻˮȫܵĸƿʯ
Ҳû̫һ飬Ͼ뵱ħսѹȥ꣬;ãżɵѧҲֻãõµؼѡ
һҲû뵽žȻա
ڵͣû˼ȥںԼ᲻ᱩ¶ˣʱֻһ㣬ôˡ
ˡ
񶼡
պܺá˵Ķѻָ˵ʵ㲻Ҫ£Ѿǰ飬鷳ˡ
ŵĻͳһ
ȴûͣ˿ΧȺּ˵ǰʥʹ¶գʹʵʱħʾħؾ綾ºħսشħΪʥʹֲܹħſͲȱ壬͵ֺͽţǱոϵģıںħսڼ䣬λʥʹˣֻƽ¡һħƬʥʹְħһӡص񶼺;ǰŷλʥʹؽУһؾꡣ
ʲôλʥʹţ̲סǲǰĴսս𣿡
⻰˵ģʵ
ǣ˵һ֣ʱӦʱ͵Ļôأ
λʥʹĶʵ
ڽڣָָ󳨿Ĵš
ߣǽȥкˣŽǰȥ
һûԥ˶ſǰȥ˵ĶģħѾգȻܹôȥˡȵħ񶼣һжˡ
ǲȥˣ˵Ķġ͵
֪ʱվڽǰ
й


628 ͵ļ
˶վס˶͡ȻЩһֱûм˼͵Ĺ󲿷ֵһֱ룬ֻһֻ֣ҪôܹһŹһ֧أ
;Ȼûһֱۡ
ǰһЩֶΡͻȻ˵ҲûͶħȻڵѾħˡ
ħѾٴθգ֪ȴһֱʵ˵ֻԼѱ˷ڹϣվȺǰϵļȴûа˿⡣
Ժ󣬿Ҳûк˶֣Ҳû֪ʵ˶֪ʵһǿΪΨһһҺͶײˡ
ֻڣǰҲ˵Ҳֱ뵽ҿԭ
˿ұ˶ûá
ۿſ񣬵Щ뿪񶼣ȥѰħѵĻ
Ȼ˵һжȫȥѰңҪҵħҲһѵ顣
֪ж񶼲жˣΪħôҵõ۾𣬵˶ȥҲδܹҵħ
ͣ㾹ȻǿʶħյϢ֪ǰ࣬ἯԸ𣿡˵ΪأͲҪϢ
üͷ𣬵˵ʲôûãǲҶˣ
ǵģˣѲִ񶼣쵼ǡ죬ҵҪ˵еħ֮жǿ
һ˵һǰ߳һֻһ;ֻһԶ
۾󣬵¸ңȻҾʥʹôôľ룬ôܶÿ͵һ
ҡҡͷԶܶ㿪һ𣿡
㲻Ҳܹʱ䷴ӦܱȾôҪǿ˵
ŵˣһ֧Сʱ򣬾Ǹոմʱû֮ǰߵԽԶԽǿ˶٣ֵڵλãõλáҲõľ롣Ȼվھ֮ĵطҪ侲ġҲҪǿʵС
ŶԽԽգգۣҲ˵ǶԵġ
һӭͣļʮȴȥֻգ֮䣬˳ǧľ롣
һսľֻźˣ˾Ҳ׶ѡ
ơ
ûˡվھŲԶжˮʵû뵽ŲͶħˣײǡͶ׿ڳϵ£ƱôԼĸףʱҲҲ˵Լˡ
Ѿ˺ܳʱ䣬ֻʱûһע⵽ơ
ΪܹסҵļͻȻ˵
˵Ķסͣסֻסҵġû֡
һɫĽͻȻס־ٵǰһȭͷģŨɫͻȻͳġ
ܹ֮ĸӦǹ̺ǿܹоóССһţ׻һǳء
ͣɣļͻȻ״Ʒ
һ۷ߣĿǿһսһսûУô߱㶪꣬㲻ٳΪߡ
ʮ˳ǧģи߸ϵǱƺ䲻ϣ
һֱһսֿǧꡣ
죬ԣǱǿҵĶ־
һսеģһս⡣
ſǷһ仰Ҳû˵
סҵͻȻɿ
੣һ΢
֧ϸҶȥ
һûҪֱǰĹš
˫ǰƣеĹžֱӭļ
ཻһҲûзȴĲɫŨ˶УǾźΣһʱҲ˵Ӱ
Ũǿֻ׵ķΧһҲɢμһ໥ɱ
ûɢɱȴ񶼡
ǧʮ˾˸Ƕоǿҵɱ
ɱ졣
֪˶೤ʱ䣬һɢȥٴγС
ɱԭӣոոûսɾվйҲм
ϣ
һֱûж
ȴǱϵ·Ѿһ鲼һ˫ѪǶѪͷҵɢһһ
Ҳ˷ӵӡͻȻЦЦ˺ðͣͺҽסļס˴˵޼᲻ݵļ
סˣ۾˵һԼǷܹסڶأ
üͷ壬ϵ˷֮ͻȻʧֻ˲Ϣ֮䣬ֱ֮ǰһרעֶһţֻһΣŵɫһЩ
˵־۾ĶסеĹ
ſӣ¶һ˿֮ɫһɣһһֱеĹš
ǳӡ
ʺôľ룬ôļһѵֵȴƫƫƫƫҪӲ
Ŀ֮ٶȡʤͽͬභġӲƴֻɱ˵ġ
ȥ֮Ӧ֮Ҫ
ȴ˼ľ裬ֻеĹš
ٴཻ
˵Ӱٴʧ
ȵٴγʱԭӡϣ
ȴǱ·Ѿ鲼ûˡȫһ˿ڣѪѾȾȫ
жأΪվ
ֻһûЦɫ֣ޱȡĶסеĹ㻹һ
Ȼ͵ֻǲ֪㻹ܲٽӣ
ٲ˵˫ֵξٵǰȭͷСɫٴγɡֻһΣŵɫֵһЩ
੣һ죬ȥ
֮ǰٴη
һΣͻûб仯
ڵĿѾˡͷѾûˣ˶Ǻɫˡϵ˿Ҳ塣
ȴվñֱ
㻹ٽһһûеȿ񿪿ڣͱֱʵ
˵ֻ˫һ٣ֳֻ֡ɫࡣϸǿˡ
һͻȻ˵
੣һ졣
ȻһֱȥȴһӾʧӰ١
͵һĵĹֻһȴûй
ڼոҵһ˲䣬ͻȻʧ
Ҳʧ


629 
͵ļ˾ͻȻʧԭء
һ̣ͻȻԡ
нֱ߼䡣
˭Ҳ벻Ӳƴ֮󣬿Ȼܹ㿪͵ļһܹ
һ̫ͻȻ
ʼսʱ
ͣڷԼļûлĿʱɫҲǱ˱䣬ڿֵͬʱһɫĽͻȻסȫ
һ̣Ľڽ֮ϡ
ֻáһ죬ǽƵĽѺۣȻѡļ˶٣ǰȥ
ֻһ֮䣬ѼԿһһǡñܿ˿Ľ
þ͵ļһ硣
Ȼȴûܶ
һϸģɫӽֱӴ͵·߼䡣
ʺѪҺգۼ·ȾһƬ
ͻȻתſ˳
Ѫɫɲ԰סȴ˾񡣴ʱһҲ˵ӡ
Ҳûˡ
ƭңͻȻ˵һ˲䣬ɫҲò԰ס
еɱȴŨ
һ̵ĵطһȴҪ͵
ǿԶ㿪һġ֮ǰ֮Ľ䱸ѾɣѾѿ񵱳ɶˡ
ʹˡ
ɵʱ򣬿ȴͻȻôһ¡
ǣŭˡ
ȻŭҲܷŹ񡣵ŭˡ
ƭʲôʵ
ˣװֲסҵļһֱʵΪ˴̳һ
ǵġⲻ˵ƭսУֻԲƭֱ׳˵
⣬̲ס˵ͷǵģ˵һ㶼ûдսֻʤܡ
ŵľߣڼḶ́ƭ뱻ƭ
ǰͲʲôλʥʹʵ񶼵ߡ
Ҳһܹɱͣܽ͵λá
ֻǿϧͻû
ȻҲˣںͿһվñֱһվñֱ
˵
ЦЦ˺һŵͣոȫɱңˣ͸ɱҡ˶٣ͻȻ˵ʱ㣬ѲҵĶ֡
Ķ֣۾𣬡Ϊɱ㣿
Ȼ˵ƾʲôɱңƾĹҿԸ㡣ոļͲˡ
Цһ̫СǰʥʹˡǰҲ˽̫٣ϳգûɱ˵ˣ
ͻȻһͬʱ֡


̻ݵںĵɽĿԶߡ
ŵôˣ̻һ˵һᡣ
ϴϵħ֮žʧˣ˭Ҳϵϵ˶ĵĲˡ̻ÿ춼ޡ
һѲ˵Ļˡ
ҳȥûнӱ̻⣬ͻأ˵ʮѾﵽ˰ľ磬ڿԳȥˡ
Ҳȥ̻˵
㲻Уħ޺УѾΣա㲻֮ˣ޷Ļ档
У̻ͻȻߵĻ񹭣ֻҪѹڣʲôħҶ¡
У˵ԶҲѹˡž޷ٲһΡ
̻ϸĸеĹһָоٴʹѹҲϡϴ֮ѹ֮ϵܸоóѹҵĹ
ǰģƵʵ
ǰǡǰֻѹˣֻһͣȫҡֻӵһַܹĴʹһΡȴͬڡ
̻Ļû˵꣬еĹͻȻһɼǿǿ󵽱̻޷ա
ǹֱ˫ֱ֣ʣգۼټ
̻סҲס
˴Ŀã˵ˣûйˡ
ҵġ̻ҡҡͷ˵ȻܹоĴڡ

񶼡
͵ͻȻһŹ
⹭ûɣʵʵһŹ
û˿⹭Ӻδеֻһ͵оͶŹ
񹭣Ź۾
̫ϤŹˡǱ̻Ļ񹭣
ȻʱеĹ貣һҲڱ̻⼣߰ߵӡ
Żһ۾ͿǱ̻Ż񹭣
ֻУ⹭չֳǿ̬
񹭣͵Ĺǰս֮˼䡣
;ԶҪõŹ
ڣŭʢһ̡Ȼϧȡػ񹭡
ɱ㣿һ˵һеĹֻûɵġ貵ֲŸոհѹһ֧貵ļϡ
ؼֻӿգ֮䣬һɻصϢӼ֧ɢ
˶ܵɻԵϢ˶ͻȻ֣ԼȻˡ
һɫĹĻͻȻֱӰѿС
ϡ䣬ź񿴼˱̻ҵΡǸʱ¡ͷҲһĻֻ֣ǹɫġ̻һֻ֮ͷ̹ƽ¡һжһʧ
ڣȴֻпһ˵ͷйĻ֣ȴǺɫġ
ſԿ϶Ǿ˵Ĺ⣬ɱ˵Ĺ⡣
Żţһǣ⣬;Զ㲻ͼһ
һֻӲܶһ
һҲ֮ǰļһǼĻصϢܹ֪׵
Ų֪ʵжǿҲֵ֪ܹܲסһ֪͵һԼԼֵסġ
һԼɫڱˡҲû֮ǰ侲򶨡¶һ˿ңǰĻ񹭣
ǵģǰħĻ񹭡۾˵Ź£ҲԸеԺˡ
⹭ôУ
ʹЦҵĹһûô
۾󣬵ǰĴս֮󣬲λʥʹһԼ䣬ԼѰµ𣿡
͵⵹ġɵôܹȣֻһ㷽ŹԶ޷
Ŷ䣬⹭ҲʹΣǲô񹭣ɻʵ飬һֱ⣬Ѿ۲˺ܾãȷ⹭ϱʹùҲΪһ㣬ŸҺͶսҲ벻⹭ȻС
ʹЦõķʹŹˣҪĴۡһоֻʹһλ񹭡⹭˵ҲûϹˡΪ֧һ˲䣬˾Ѿˡ˶٣ֵҵ˼
ͷͣúݵġΪù֣֮㾹Ȼó˺ݶķ
ⷽһ㶼ݶҲû˭ţֻҪŹͿˡ
ˣԶԼĴ˵
ûжֻгܡͿ񣬵㣬ڰˣӦˣ
䣬ɿ֧貵ļȻ


630 ޷赲ļ
˫Ѿǰٴγһɫšʵһ㣬֮ǰκһζҪŨ
ǿ֮ǰһֱԼʵ
һеĹţǳӣӵκһζҪء
мȥʱûпһۡĹô£ûһ֧׼
ǲҪɱ˿ֻҪһ㹻ˣ
˶۾һû񹭷ļ
һȴ죬֮ǰļҪࡣڼûе֮ʱ
һ֮ʱе˶ܶȴԡ
Ҳֻбע˺ɫӡǵĿſԶ
ǧ׵ľ롣
ȴûж㿪ļ
񶯣ǼҲı˷ת䣬ſȥȵվסŲ
ֱɫ֮ϡ
ûҲûвĹֹһ¼֧û
Ǵһֽһɫؿڡ
ţƺʧ
Ҳͽһʧ
ΧһƬžͺ˴Ҳûгֹһ
ʮ񶼵ûһ˿˵˶һס
ɨǧʮһۣ˭ͲԣҶԿģھվ
ûվˣ˭վ
˶ĵ˵ͷͻȻţǵҲˡ
Ǹˡŵ˵ͷͻȻǰһֻһͽǰ;ֻԶ
еļ֮ڿһ˲䣬ϵѹʧҲܹˡ
ţܲܶ㿪ҵһʵ
㲻ʵʵ˵Ҵﵽ𶥲㣬ƾɣҲܹ㿪ļڻС
ʹЦȻ㲻ôվ
ŵҲվͲɱң
Ȼᡣ͵
ǻʲô˵ˡŵȻһҪɱңΪʲôվ
ܺáۿţ񶼣Ҳɱ㡣ƿҲɱ㡣ţҵġ
ЦЦ˵һûУ˻ǻԼɡ
Ͳ˵ûִڹϡ
Ҫ񹭵ҡ⹭֮ʱӦþ֮ʱ
ȷʵ㲻ļ˵Ķġڵʵȷʵ͵Ķ֡
ʱһͻȻǰ㲻ɱ
ƣ
嵲סŵģȻƣ
ûᣬɡͨһ˫۾Լĸ׵㲻ɱʲôҲûУʲôȨɱ
üû˵
ֵħļϸҲĳˣôùΪʲôҪɱ˿񣿡
ôĸ˵ҲϽ𣿣ͻȻ˵
ƵҸײ¡
ʲô˼ѵ벻𣿡üͷĸĿ˵
ڷŹţȥ磬ҾͻףȻ
ȻʲôȻͲˣͻȻЦжŮԴԼĸ𣿣
ס
ֵҽ첻Źţ㻹ĸףվϣվɻеļ
ҪɱңƵЩʵ벻Լĸ׾Ȼ˵ĻΪΪԼŮҲŹţһҲû뵽׾Ȼ˵һĻ
ǵģȻ㲻ףҾ͵ҲûйŮ˵ٸһλᣬվߣͻҵŮһǰ㡣
ҡҡͷԶҲٻصǰˣɱ˿һ̣ո˵ĻԶҲܻصǰˡ
ͻȻ̧ͷȻĿԼĸףɣļҪɱţһɱˡҲ뿪ģ
ãҪΪ᲻ãŮҪҲաͻȻеĹѴϡҪˡ
ʱȴͻȻһԷ˳ȥֱɳǧԶ
ŲһŮӵǰΪʲôԭѰҶǷһ顣˵
ŵȻһŮӵǰΪ˵־ΪԸ׵ľҪ˵£ȴ
ֱӰӳȥٴ͡
ʱһӰͻȻߡ
Ρ
βһ֣ҪΪҪһս˶٣ֵΪҲɱ֮ҲŹҡ
ŵ˵ͷû˵ֹΣҲֹ
ſͣħѾƬ꣬ò˶ãܴħ緵Ǹʱħһ㡣ܷһУҲܷ¶ĺޡʵ벻ͨΪʲôһֹħѵΪǰ鱩¶𣿿ӣͲں񶼵˻췴
Ӹո͵ıͲҪ񶼵Щˣһ֮ȫѹס񶼡
۾𣬵ʵܼ򵥣ħҵġǶ̫˽ħˣϣֻһܹвôҵأ˵˵һĽûֹܹħաڱȻҲħ£ȻҪ飬ܹ˶ңΪʲôҪñ˺أ
ŽĶͣ˵ĺе֪ⲻ滰Ҳ˵ȥѰħһҲΪʲôҪȥңҶһЩңҲҪЩ˶٣ֵȻҲ֪ΪʲôҪħյʵȴ˵ʱҲ֪¡
û첻˵Щʱ򡣡͵ڣҪɱ㡣㲻Ҫֻ֪̫࣬Ҫ֪ϾҪ˾Ϳˡ
ֿΣԻúܺãʲôʲôϴҵִ̫֮ŵҪȥ½ѰħҲġϾг˿ƣֻһŮˣҲЩġ
ͣ޳ܣ˵
ʹЦҲ֪һΪʲôǵҲҡҵĻô䵽ز
ţ㶣εһзϾȻͼ
ɫһ죬Ǹޡ
̾ϢһͣͻȻɱ㡣
˵ɱҵкܶ࣬ȴһֱҲûܹɱҡŷƵ궼ɱңҲȷʵɱҵʵͬʵˣǻȱһӡ
ȷʵһѶԸˡ˵Ҳ֪ɱ㡣
֪ͺá۾һͻȻ˻񹭣
ţʱˣ˵


631 񹭵
žվĿеĹ
ûжƾǵסԼƾ͵ļ׼Լʺ
ֻǽסеĽĶס͵֡
ߵΣʱһæҲﲻϡһ̿ʼ˾ͱԭأָ޷˵һս˵ġ
ڻû߹ʱα֪˹ΪԼܲˡͲŹ
Ҳһ㣬ŲûаҲӳȥȻҲûǸʵӳΡ
ҲŲ̫ġʱվߵǱ̻룬һƴԼǵİȫڣȴҲûпһۡ
еľ񣬶͵ϡֻ֡
ţ㻹ûзϣ͵ļûʱͻȻʵ
Ų˵еĽȴ߬ø
ǲǿոտܹڼһ˲嵽ҵǰ̳еĽֵ
ɫ˱䣬ȴû˵ڻǰǰʥʹǰһҲҴ⡣
˵Ļȴ̽
˵һҲûУžôġмʱ򣬳ȥһ
֮ǰѾļȻܹı䷽򣬵ȴ죬ڼֵһ˲䣬㹻Ŷ㿪嵽ˡ
ȴǾ˵ֻһ仰ű֪Լûлˡ
ɽץеĽȫɷеĹϡ
һ֮ˣ֪ذܡҲҪȫԸ
ͼ˵ţûлģͻ֪뷨С
䣬͵ͻȻɿ֧貵ļš
ȻͱеĹû׼ٷڶҲûзųԼļġ
ɲ죬ܹĿǼڿƶĺۼùļǱеıӳĻҪ
ǣȴͻȻ֣ԼѶ㲻ֻ֧Ƕ㲻ǰһҲܡ
ԶֻҺͺ涯ǰ·ѱƷܹĸоԼǰȥĸֻҪǰƶͱȻӭ֧
˺ܣǾ͸ˡʬ嶼ûʣµĿһܺõӡ
ǰҲܺˡ
ôֻʣһ취Ӳ
ͻȻеĽҪ֧ڽһ˲䣬ַ֣֧޷еġ
֧ȴһĹɣŵɡ
ҲֻжɵŲܿһ֧޷赲ļ
̾ϢһڷһеֿĲֵܹ˵ġ
ûдﵽ𶥲㣬͵ֵһ


̻ͻȻһ
ôˣæʵ
ţҸоŵϢ
ʲô۾
Ҫɱţ֮ǰѾɱһˡ̻˵
ģ
ġ
㲻˵ô˺ţʵ
ҵȻᡣ̻ҪҪ˺ŵǸ˭ҶҪ

񶼡
Ǽѵʺ䣬ѼҪʺȴͻȻͣס
Ȼ󣬼ͻȻתͷԭ·ɻأֱؿڡ
ʹ󾪣һ˫۾ͻȻǿ־ĿŵͷԼһ
ܿǰͰ־ǰһ貵ĹͻȻγɡ
ֱ֧ڹ֮ϡ
ཻǶ˶١ɴ˿ɼ͵ʵҪȿǿǿܶࡣ
ǣȴûסԼļ˶ٺ󣬹ѣǰУֱֱĲ͵š
ʢƺɢ
κ֮ǰ֮ʱһġ
ΨһĲͬǽɢûʧվ˫ۣǿ־Ͳš
˶ס㶵Ŀͣ˭Ҳ֪Ϊʲô顣
ļǰ·ͷԼ
ۿ˭Ҳϻ鷢
ãú
˶ͷ˿Լؿڵļ֧ͻȻ˵û뵽񹭣Ȼµˣ䣬͵˾ȥҲû
ԶҲˡˡ
һ˲䣬еĹͻȻһ⣬ֻһʧ
ųһһӾڵϡȻոһֱҲûг֣ȴ֮ǰǳսҪƣ
̫ľ񡣴ʱţվվסˡ
񶼵ʮһӾΧ
οһۣæ˵ŴҶѾ½緢顣ħռ磬ȵħٴδħʱ򣬱Ȼɱ񶼣ʱһܲˡ
ǰǰȺӦһҪֹħ
Ҫôأʵ
Ⱥ׷һһȻڳħڵʱȳȥˡȻȵħɱһҲûˡ
ԡʱ˸͵ɱħʱֻʣħһδؾǵĶ֡
ãھȥ硣
ԣھȥ
ʮĬ˶ʱ񣬴ʱȺ鼤ܣ׷׽Ҫȥħ
Ƕûоǰħս֪ħжǿǵУֻСɫѣҲˡ
Ȼ֪ħжǿҲȥɡȻȵħ񶼣ֻĸ졢ֱӡ
ڣħڣǻһ
һΣ˵ͳһ
龰εҲ̲ס¶һ˿ЦݡҲҪġαڵģԴ˲Ųʸô죿ڿĵĵǶˡ
Ͼûܵв֮ʱÿһ˶𷴿ġ
һڰ
ηվţϵϤξħްɡ
áھ߰ɡ˵ܹ뿪񶼣
ס
˶ס
ոǶ̫ˣûһ뵽⡣
ͣ˭Ҳ޷ͨͨ½ͨǸ߲ȥ
ôܹ뿪ѽ
ǰˣûܹͨ½ͨ
ڼžһ֮Ⱥһ
һ֮ȺͻȻ˵͵ŮҲ֪뿪İ취
ԣƣ
ܿ죬ƾͱźǰ֪УЩ˾Ͱźεµ䡣
Ȼûһ˵ҵƺǾǼΪȻľͰŮǰڰƽ֮ȺһӾ;ûһ˵˶ſڡ
Щ˼Ŀ˿Σζŵ˵ͷ
УҲǰŵĹǡ
ſƵĸˣȻɱҲΪҶһܺҡ
ҡҡͷȴǵҲ㡣
գգۣҲ֪˵ЩʲôŮеѹŲ֪Ҫôοźá
ϾȲǱ̻Ҳ룬ҲҲοɡ
룬ֱʵ֪뿪񶼵ķ
ҡҡͷûзܹ뿪ֻƾʵ


632 Ʒӡ
ǰŷλʥʹֿ񶼣Ϊǵʵǿǿܹһռ䡣ȻܹȻҲ뿪
ˣƺŷֱͨˣҪ뿪񶼾ˡ
˵Ҫ뿪񶼿ףֻҪʵ㹻ĸطƿӡǰǱҪﵽʵС
Ҫﵽʵ;һ׵ˡ
ǧ꣬ŴﵽмȻмõʱ̡ܶǶ֮ȴһҲ޷ǿˡ
Ҳûдﵽ񾳣ȴԽ𶥲㡣
Ļ֮Ӧûһ磬ֻ⾳Ҳû˵ûܹﵽ˺֪еĲ
ʱ˶Ρڳˣֻδﵽ𶥲㡣Ȼϣϡ
еˣľ磬ǴﵽмĶ١
Щ񶼵ʱ䶼ζ̣ʵȴΡеԭܼ򵥡
Ժ󣬾ͼ𾳽磬Ѿ˲ϲǶѾûʲôˡǣ˱ǰ޵˶ʵ׷
βͬһִţҪٴοԼİˣҹҹľֻһ£մﵽػ񾳣պİžۡ
ˣǧηʵߵĴڡ
˶ԼεĵҲûа취һҲ֪Ҫô
һ˵һ߿ſơϣܹ˵һ񶼵ķٻһԡ
ٴҡͷﵽ˸׵ʵȻܸӦ񶼵ķӡҲȻܹȥˡ
͵ʬ壬һ߽СŹϡûзһϢ
˶Ŀ߽ȴ˭Ҳû˵Ҳû
۾Щ죬Ŀ˽ĴãŵһбΰĸףͻȻ¶һӣһѹҪܡ
ŵ˵ͷƵ顣ˣȻ𶼲뱨һѾ˼㡣
ûа취˭ҲȰ
ҲڽУ֮еľһ䵭ԭǸ޻Цơ
ڲСѱʹû
ưԼؽУҲĬڣһ취ҲûС
֪˶೤ʱ䣬֪ӺδͻȻһ죬Ȼ񶼶ζ
ô£˵ɫˣסǧʱ䣬Ҳûӵ顣

ȻǣһȫĿռ䣬Ȼе֮鷢
۾һգգĿǰǰԶн
ȵζƽϢʱ˸ոһȴһ촫ֿʼζ
⵽ôˣʮ˶ÿ˵϶¶֮ɫ
ֻΣڿԶǵ⣬Ͼ¶Цݣķӡ죬Ƕȥǳֽĵط


̻վɽ乭ɫĹâȫȾһ
̻ʲô۾ʵ
̻еĹȻǻ񹭣ûѹôġֻһǹͻȻֳ˱̻С
Ȼ̻վ
֮붼ˡҲѾһ֮ˣȫܹܵľ֮
ȻҲĵ˼㣬ɴ۾ŽƵıֱ̻ȷ̻ûʲô仯һҲûб֮һĲŷ
ȥ֮Ȼ棬ʵ벻̻Ϊʲô
̻ŹȻŵűһطҪ俪ķӡȳ
űס֮ǰĸӦŵϢ
Ȼˡ̻˵㻹Ϊƭ㰡
ǡҡҡͷΪ̫˻þ
ǻþ̻ڵұκʱѡǻ𹭸ҴϢǧȷϢ
ǣ̻ܾܲȳأñ̻˵æʵ
Ҳ֪ķӡι̣Ҫ䴩ѡ
񹭲ѵƲһӡ
ҲУҸӲȫʵ
˵ʱ䣬ɽ
Ǻ衢Ԭࡢһҡ
ֻ⼸ˣ˶ȥ
ȥ񶼺ħޱֿʼ½˻ԵĹһõϢǰħ޵Ľ
ԬΪῴɽĽ⣬æ˴ˡǶ֪ͱ̻ɽæ˹
ǿڽ֮еǱ̻Ԭ̲ס̻ôˣô£
̻裬û£ҸܵŵϢˣҪȳ
ñ̻Ļ˶סһ󣬺ŵˣ̻ˡ
˵Ԭ㿴̻ϽʢһǷʲôѰ顣
ǵģ̻ɢϢǿ󡣡ƿű̻ϵĽ˵ǿϢҴҲûмǵţҲûб̻ʱʵ
ţԬ㶣æйô£
գգۣҲոա
֮ǰ鶼˵Ԭ˵Ҿñ̻ĸӦŵϢղһҲûбϡ
Ľͣ˶üԬˮ
ô죬ÿһ˶ڵšͻȻõŵϢȻĲѡ
̻һҪžȳͻȻ
ţ̻صĵ˵ͷѾҵļˣл

񶼡
ŵʮ˶ǽ֮ǰʱǰһɫķӡ
ɫ͸ӡһ֧ɫļԶ
Ǽ죬ת˲㵽ǰصײڷӡ֮ϡҵײʹ񶼶𶯡
龰׸ոշĻζôˡ
񶼵ķӡ֮УһҲоܵӡ˳
ոյ֧ôôûļȺͻȻɻ˵
û񹭷ļſ϶˵Ǳ̻һǱ̻ңҪҡ
˵仰ʱŵüͷĺܽ
̻˻񹭡
뵽㣬ŵľһʹ
ʹȴֻһ˲䣬źȻһ⡣ֻ̻һ
Ȼ뵽֮ʱ˵Ļ˵µˡ
ˣ̻ڵһ֮û˻񹭵ˡôͲܵ񹭵ˡ
뵽ˣãǿ칥ӡͱ̻ϣƿ磡
ãӦһ۾Ķס棬ֻһǺͬʱͼ


633 񶼻
ƽ񶼣ÿöɫļ֧֮ʱеʮ˾ͬʱͷųԼ֧ĵطһʱ䣬¡¡ڶ񶼶ǿҵ𺳡
ȥȵƿ֮ʱ񶼱Ȼһʱû˹˵Щˡ
ʮ˱Ͳϲ񶼡˵һҲΪѹûһ˹񶼻᲻
һδεĹһѺۣѺԽԽࡢԽԽܣۿŽͽ֮ʱȴͻȻͣס
ôˣžߣͻȻ֣̲ͣסʵ
ƻڽڡ˵ķһƿȻǿ͡
ȥҪߣʵ
ε˵ͷʲôһúӣӦþһ˵ġţȥòã
üҿ԰ƿĴţȴδؾȵ
Ŷ۾š
ߵģӦò뿪񶼡˵ֳôĶûгɼǲˡ
ǡ
ˣҪ˵ˣϾҪƿǻǿȥɡźǲȥβġƸոһһνĳƺ˵ĹϵӦúܺá
ţǿߡε˵ͷתŽȥ
ֻգ֮䣬㵽˽ǰ
ǰƽĴţûпѰŷ
һ˵һ߰γ񽣡ҪҪŵġ
ѽҪ¡ȴͻȻһν㣬߰ɣҪҡ
ȻƵ
ƣν뿪ƵĻЩĺ
Ҳߵġν㣬ллʱҡ˶٣Ƶ˵ҲߣҪŸ׺µ񶼡
ɵѾͷϾҪˡߣ
֪˵Ҳߣν㣬㲻Ҫңǿȥǵɡ
ʹգգۣͻȻ˵ţţ
šŵͷٽŴ£ڽ֮ʱƵͻȻҪǰϾ
ŵĽȻͣסξ˵ģġƼȻ˵ĻȻͣ
Ѿͷôôʲôǳȥ˵𣿣ЩˡǱߵĹڼ񶼵ԽԽңۿŷӡҪƿˡ
ȴǲ˵˭Ҳ֪ŵһʲô
ͻȻΣС͵͵ƿţȻȥֱӰס뿪㿴ô
εͷ
ٴξеĽ˿Ϣϴȥǣ⽣Ÿոմ̳ûĴţ񶼵ĲͻȻ
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֪̻Լ᲻ż뵽̻һͨ񹭸ӦԼϢŻȥ񶼵ĽġڷӡѿȴûпԼȥһᵣĵĲˡ
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ڵţһͷͨķǣҲҪ


634 

Ԭ˶һŵĿű̻óһʱԬòʵ̻ôѹˣ
裬ӡѾƿˡ̻˵
ƿˣԬֳһ˿ϲɫǲ˵źܿͿԻˣ
̻üҲ֪Ѿȥôʱ䣬˵Ӧû˲Ŷԡǡ
ñ̻Ļ˵Ķȥ
æʵ̻ڸӦŵϢ𣿡
ܲˡӡסǸطѾˡ˶٣ֵ̻׷ʲô飿Ϊʲôûлأ̻ЩҪ޳ӡ
ñ̻Ԭ붼ˡҲܲסֺ¡ǰһֱţΪһֱаοԼŲ¡
֮ǰõŵϢǶ˵ĲˣΪϾͿԼˣȴû뵽̻ôʱļ󣬾ȻõźǸصĵطһʧϢ
ϣʱͻȻϢ޷ܡ
ƱȽ侲룬Ԭ˵Ԭ㣬㲻һСܹϵ𣿡
ʱ䣬СѾϵˡԬ˵
̻ĸӦȷģʱӦþǸӡĵطȻղϢǸطѾʧˣֻҪСӻڣֻҪŻţһܹϵϵġ
ţѽԬ۾һæӻóСӴ򿪡
ӷ⡣Ԭʱֳһ˿ϲɫСиӦˡ
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ԬļϹ룬ŲµģҲסӣںͱսҲ˵ء
ѽԬŵæСӺϣΣ֮Уҷľ鷳ˡ
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ǵܿ㵽˺ĵĵߣǸҪϵʱ򣬵ͻȻһĺǧͷͻȻգסȥ·
漴һͬըװ𣺡ʲôˣô򣿣ʥ
ȥȴûдһͷ
ǵĸǵȻеߡ
ﱣԬˡ
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Ŷͷɽһۣ¶һ˿Цݵԭ̻ƿ񶼵ķӡ
˵ܴɽϵı̻˶
ǺһġЩ˵ҹȥ䣬ȶĶɽ·ȥֻգۼɵϡ
ο룬㶣̲סˡǻǧ꣬ҲûпôŮӡ
ϿܴûһӹûС
ʲôˣʶţȴǼеʵ
šε˵ͷ񶼵Σ˶ػŵѡ
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գգۣͷ㿴ػ𣿡
֪ҿԿ϶ġ
š˵ͷֿκһŵҲˣǾȥɡ
Цŵ˵ͷɽȥ
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ɹߵʱͻȻػϵ˵ģ
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ȻûУȥɡȺºУûпһۡ
Щɻɽʵ벻ʥΪʲô˵ԼʵС
УζǺǿĴˣǺʥһսξԼҲδػܡҲûϣȻ˵ԼʵС
Ȼ⻰ǴһͷĿ˵ġ˼ȴԼһҪԼǿܶࡣ
βϻһˣҲҶ˵ӵĻ
ϵǿߡ
ǣɽʱеǶʧˡ
ΪһֻССĺֻĴָ߲
ֻԬǰȶų򣬿˵Ŀɰ
οȴֻ磡
ͻҪ硣
飿ߵ飿۾ʵ
Ȼûвμӹǰħսλ֪һֻ飬λʥʹҪ顣
ʮΧתһȦȴһ仰û˵ַɻصԬǰ
ȻСϣʮһ߸ϵĴڣǺᡢСﶼ浽һȥ
ȴǺκ˶˵ġϣֵܹڣζС
ξȹֿ˱̻̻лŻ񹭡
Ǳ̻ɣͻȻЦ˵񶼣˵̻֡
˭̻գ۾ʵ
Ǹոձ񶼾ȳΡ˵ǸĹҵġ
ң̻ɻĿΡ
šܿ˿أ


635 һ
ŻڿСѹͷһգͷܶɹøɰͰ͵ġ
һƣһӵмʵˣһУ꽽̫ɹɣ
ҲоСӵ춯֪ϵԼ֪Ǹһ衣
һܣ޷СӴǬָó޷ܹͨһżܾţȴһ취ҲûС
ãɽûħޣôʱ䣬ûзħ޵Ϣ
ǲʱһЩСӺС¹С﷢ţվڿӱߺŴ۶С۶һȻֱıȥˡ
Щ֣Ҳ֪һʲôĵطȻûħޡ
ҲǣȻħѾռ˼磬Ҳܵеĵط
̫ħ޾ٶ࣬ҲܴǵӰӡ
žţ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ԶͻȻ˵
Ÿ磬𣿡
һƭ㲻ɣ
ǣ£ôжﲻ˷أ
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ǺǡŸ磬ɩôãΪʲôҪܿأ
֮ǰĬһȻ̾Ϣһʵǲûгףҵӡ
ʲô
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ܹóӵҲܿӳĶͦ˧һԲе㺢һͳʵء
ܹ֮˵ӣΪһ˵һߴϲ˹ȥ
һҲûзţźɽνӵʵ̫޷ˡ
ֻ߹·ǸԲЩɻ˵סո·ôе
ţҲоˡЩͣոɡ
࣡۾ɴ뺰һܹԼϾ˭ҲڿšҪʱ䳤ˣٹһ󱩷磬ֱӷؾˡ
죬ȴûܺڵոձһȣǸȲˡ
˲ûԶΧĴתһһ˵
˵ĶԻУ֪һЩϢ
ǸʹһЩһĽźȻԲĽԷ塣˹ϵܲǴСһ𳤴ġ
źȻɽжԷԡ
Է׽ֻӻȥȡŸո£Ҫ̲
źȻͱȽ˼ˣǱ⸽ˣΪ˶ħޣźȻӼӳڰ·һŮӱħΧŮӵ߻һˣѾˣŮҲ˺صˡ
źȻ·ƽһ𣬳ȥͰͷǴŮһ
ȻźȻʹŮһ·ѣŮŮȴˣҪźȻŲɡ
ǣźȻŮӵݼΪ϶ŮӱĸҵĹԼ䲻˼ңǱĴŮӣɽڶŮӵѰҹзֵġ
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һҲϲ˺üأŸո˳һҪ˵ִ߹ȥֱָȲˡ
ʱ֡
ͣھŲԶһѻ𡣸ӰƤڻϿ
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ѼǲԼûгԷˡȻڵľ磬ȻȫޣǸ²ԷҲûʲô
ŵ⿾ȴǸоܲˣ˵Ķȴ̲ס๾Ľ
ţʲôصźȻͻȻ˵
ʲôԷЩɻʵ

߶ŪİɣԷ˵
ԲǡźȻ¿ȥϸѰŸոշĶ
ǡãŵĶֽ
һֱ·ԵĵطźȻһӾվ첽Աߡͷ
ллأڷˡ
۾ϴһĿźȻ
źȻסʵû뵽ɽȻһˡôʱûзšһΪ˵ľϣδϲȹ׷ӵʱ򡣶ΪɽӲ̫ߣǰϸͲܷš
Ƭ̺źȻڷӦæܿһˡ
ʲôźȻĻԷһæվܵźȻǰȴòվסԷôˣ
źȻ죬ˡ
ԷͷһȴԼվһϣһ֮£æһֲܸоеԭǲüˡ
ԷĻŶҪˡһ˫۾Ķסˣתͷˡĵ㲻ɽҲԣǿһҪҴӿڳ
Է塢źȻֶ˰죬źȻڿڵˣ˵ǻǰȳɡ
ԷĬƬ̺᲻Σգһôأ
ҲǡԷĻźȻҲԥ
ʱ䣬Ҳ˳ڵϢܹ˵ˡ
ԥæΣգһ֮ˣǰڳɡ
ţܹڣźȻһ㶣˵
Ȼܡ
ôʱ䣬Ϊʲô粻ںȣԷæʵ
⻰һƣǻǱȵ˭ܵˣҸոպһ㣬ǾͲһš
ŵĻԷźȻһۣ˶Щ˼ˡǶÿһβȵţԼȫ׷ӵʱһŸжأ˵ܹ˵ѾǺ˲ˡ
ǲԡźȻ˵ҾͰȳ
Ÿ硣Էæǻ֪ʲôˡ
ʲôڶþȡźȻǲǲԡڰȳֲǵĹˡ
Է˵ͷźȻʼߵĵ棬˶ˣźںϵ̫ˣҪ͵ȰߵĵڿС
˵ĶԻУܹóĵضҪǻԼǣԲġ
Ƭ֮䣬˱ߵŪŴӿ˳
ˣźȻʵ
ŵͷ
ôģԷҲʵʵ벻һôɽһôĿС
ɫһ죬Լ˵Ǵˤģ⻰˵ȥû˻š
룬ŵҲ֪ѹʱ򣬷Լˡ
ʲôԷźȻ۾š
ԵҼǲǰˡ˵仰Ϊǰйһξ
ԷźȻһۣźȻͦģǰȥɡ
áԷص˵ͷ


636 
һʻһС·ϡ·խҲûˡ
ţԷԱߣźȻϳ
ǵģ׼ȷ˵źȻеĹġһڵ֮ʱźȻ͸ŹĴ
źȻеģһΣ˺صˣǵڶûкáûźȻˡ
ҪȻźȻԼ뷨Է˵ǺܰźȻģסڸ˶ܹһ㡣
Էһֱ벻ͨźȻΪʲôҪԼŮˣǹΣֻҪమ͹
οΣǺͨİһҪ
źȻҲȫ뿪ÿһʱ䣬ضҪ͵͵ؼһΣԼŪһЩԵķڼСȻĻͶˡ
龰ЩıǲؼңĻڼԼ׬һжʱؼ
һ·źȻ̲סϲĹ𣿡
źȻĬ˺һ䲻
ʲôܹźʵźȻһԱˡ졢ءеҲʵ벻ܹԱĻһʲôŮӡ
źȻˣžñǰܸҲġ
ȻĺһźȻδܸɣºܹܵġ
çǸ⡣çѾϰˡ
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µһŮ룿գգۣ⻰˭˵ģ
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˶٣ʵӦɣ
ţô֪ԷͷţһֱЩġԷǸɽǸӣˣ̫ˡ
ŵܼ򵥰ʲôطûħأ
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Ҳ֪˵ҾǼǵЩ
Էֶһ£ϳźȻŸ磬ĺܿɰ
źȻЦгˣ
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ˣǲûеʲôˣҲûʲôֵǮĶʲôµأûʧ䣬ǲ˵ѣǵġ
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ŶԷգգۣЩûŵ˼ϳźȻȴǴЦԭˣֲûһǰϵĿӣҳİ
죬˵Ļ
ʲôŵģźȻЦһ˴Ӱеһֵ飬кܶԭ򶼻ᷢ类׷ɱսб˴нҹ·ڰ·ľⶼǺƽ鰡
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һֱԬϵûһ£ŷԼȻȡװǬָеСӡŰģԺҲСװڽָˡ
ʱһ밬ֻвһ·̡źȻգգۣͻȻתͷԷ˷𣿡
Է˵ͷûʲôģֻҵҪһЩ㰡
źȻ죬Ҳؼҡ
ԷЦҡҡͷ治֪ôġ˼ҶһƯͻݵŮӶҲɵãɩôõһˣȴƫƫҪߡ
䲻źȻô˵ˡ
źȻᣬȥϳɩӿ˵ڰ·Ͽңѳϻġ
Էҡҡͷȥǰϳˡ
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ҼҡԷ³ȿܲȵĴš
ԺдһŲܿǰţ߳һʮꡣ
ǻ꿴Է壬˵ĵһһٱ飬ĥˣºˣǻˡ
ԷЦЦ˵ȥӣҪһ²ܻ𣿡
̾Ϣһ߻ûͺˣΣգÿ춼ȥվţû
ĻеգգۣԷӵĸܺá
šźȻЦŵ˵ͷҲ֪ǵĸõʲô̶ȣҴҲûпôķޡ
룬˵ǺӵҺϤӦʶġ
˭˵ʶԷڵܣ
šźܿ϶ĵ˵ͷһʶֻ벻˭ˡ
ŵĻźȻæ³ᣬϲʶѡ
ŸڻˣɩЩĴءûźȻ˵Щʲôæˡ
źȻɫ˱䣬漴ֵҺ˵أϲʶѡ
źȻٴ˵ʱѾӳ˳Ȼܹ߶ȴûźȻĿ졣ֱʱŴӳ
Ȼ㿴ţһ˫۾ʱ۽Ǿˮ
ţӣźȻԷ嶼ס
˿˿ţֿ˿꣬ʱף˲ʶһһʶ
ŵҲЩ´ãſڵС
Ÿ磡Ҳ̲ס͵ܵǰһӾĻУǷ
ϼеϼĵܵ
̻Ѱħʱϼסһ꣬סϼҵĸڣһ꣬춼ϼԷ
ŵУϼ׵ܵһ
ոûΪѾ˱仯ѴһӳɳΪһꡣ


637 й
źܵӣźȻԷ嶼е¡ôҲ벻ǻʶҿӣǼ򵥵ʶѡ
ĲУһ
˰֮˲ƽһЩ˲ϵˮͻȻЦ̫ˣֿŸˣһΪⱲӶء
ûôءҲЦͻȻԷԭϼɷ򡣡
ţ㻹ʶϼԷʵ
۾һɣҼȻʶô᲻ʶϼء
ҲǡԷͷʲôʱʶİ
ˡԼǰ˱ȣʶʱôߣڶѾˡ
ڼ˵ʱһٸ߳
Ÿ磬㣡ȻϼϼоŸ磬ѺӺ˯ææ˳
ϼˡϼЦ˵
ϼʱϼҪһЩǸʱ̫ˣ̫ࡣ
վԼǰϼҲǴһŸ磡Ȼһ˽ŻС
ĳ棬Է죬Щζ
Էı飬Цܵߣקקĸ첲ɱԴװ㲻֪Ÿжôչǡϼʱǽӣ½Ҵܣ㲻֪ɺˡ
ǳԴ׵ôС𣿡Էæ˵
źȻЦڳζˡ
СԷ۾˵
úãûС߹ЦŰϼУţҵã㲻Ҫ
û뵽ǻݡԷݣǽúúһ٣ɢ
ãɢ
һ߽Էȥʰӣȥ
ϼոĸ£ԷʲôҲʵ̫ѣⶼԲϣԷ˵ʲôҲһֻΪ˴ֻӻϼ塣
ڵ磬˵ǻŵ˼ܵôһطȴҪôˣȻкӹ
ǰʲôݵˣڹĶḻԣϾĶޣ̫ࡣ˼װһӵǮʱҲûаô
ʱܲ˭Ѷˣ
ǮѾûˡʲôͭҽ񣬴ʱѲһͷʵڡ
һźȻԷŪʮֻӴԷһʰŪֻааӽ
գգ۵ܳԵôࣿ
ԷЦϼѣһҰǽһԷٽ̷ѧʶҲһֵýѡ
̷ѧգգ̷ۣѧҲ
Է۾󡣡̷ѧҲʶ
ЦЦ̷ѧһҲڰɡ
ϼ壬ɷͽ̷ѧԷе̷ѧȻϼѣôһϼ̷ѧˡ
к̷ܾѧˣϼΨһһȥˡϼ壬磬ֻһˡ
ҲʶԷ۾ɵø
ЦڣһҲڰɡ
㶼ʶ
ô߾Ÿϼסһ꣬껹Ѵ峤أô᲻ʶء
Է˵ͷһֱԱߵźȻͻȻʲôƵģһӱĵǰţ
ǰЩֵĿźȻ׶ԷôͻȻôķӦ
źȻ˿ЩԷŰ
ǰôˣԷҲЩֵĿźȻڻ·ǲǾѾ֪ʲôֵģ
źȻһ鶯ǼЩ˵һŵŰ
ôˣβֻԷ壬ϼҲ˹̲סʵ
ŶЩˣǰôˣ
˶һĿԼźȻԷһ룬˭
ĹȻɵˡԷ˵Ҳˣסôʱ䣬ȻҲ֪Ĺ˭ˡ
źȻֵɵ˭
Ȼˡػ½ţ˶֪һ顣׿˵ȥġֻƽʱ˿ţ˵ֵҲ٣Ȼ˶֪ȴϤҲΪ㣬źȻɵ֮ǰû
źȻʹĵͷԣţŰ
ԷڷӦһ˫۾ɵø󣬹˫۾һ㣬۽Ƕѿˡ𾪵ʵ̫ˡ
㣬ţ
죬治֪Լ˴ȻܹصźȻԷӶҪɳˡ
ţǵѡŵûǣڻǸء
ţôѽæʵɲʲôݣУžֻԼĸ磬˶ѡ
ЦŰɽ˵˳
꣬ʱˣԷźȻðȻҲŸ磬һһĲȣ
ǲû𡣡źȻԷжЩţǲ֪ŵݣȫ԰鵱ЦڲУĴ½ѱħռ죬ھֻһƴֿػ½Ҳ֪ŵݣȻš
ϼ˵ܵһ£˵Ϲ˵Ÿ粻СµģǲҪʲôǣͰԼѾͺ
ŵϼ˽ңӣҿɲȾˣҾͶˡ
źȻԷ˴˶һۣȻֿŵѣ
ԣѡ˵һëһӾֻ˺ȹơǲѣҸͲġ
ˡԷ˵ͷֻţǸϼܵţǸǴӿڳš
Цŵ˵ͷ
ǲɢźȻ
ԣɢ
ȥȡƣҼһ̳þơźȻһ˵һվȥ
ɩҲһԡϼ˵
ҡźȻ˶٣ҵ͵Żȥҡ
ǡϼûȥ͵ŷɩǰɡ
źȻĹ飬ϼҲǿЦá
šźȻҲƴǣϼֻӾߡ
źȻ߳ȥҲվȥһҡ
ţ
֪
Ҳ˳ȥ
ʱ䣬оƮŨ㡣
ŵžЩˣ̲סôأ
ŶһϼЦ˵
Ļû䣬ͻȻ͵ƿײײ˽ˣ


638 һʶ
ôˣŻŵӣϼæʵ
һصĺӣϼټӵġ
˿Ķˡ
Ķʲôϼͷʵ
Ȼǰʳˣ˵
ǵʳһǴʳϼɻĿԼĵܵܡ
ǰǸո峤ҵģ˵򱾾ûжأǰǿŵԼġѾûˣǮҲȥԾͳˡ
ǻûô֪أϼЩɻ˵
峤˵ǰ죬ǰŴ˸⣬һɱ˺ܶˣߵʱ򻹷һѻ𣬰Ŵ˸ɸɾ
ϼɫڱ˱䣬ǰֵܵס𣿡
ڵÿһ嶼ӣʱڣᷢǿв֯ӵĴӣôܿͻᱻٽĴɡ
ҲӣԷźȻӵĳԱ׼ȷ˵˶ӵĳԱôֻҪڼеˣܳȥͱƴ
ڵ£ʳȽ鱦ҪҪܶࡣҪסԼҵʳͱ˶ŽСȻһ˾ٸƴҲƴһȺˡ
Ȼǿ⡣
ûлشĻһֱһŵԷ˵ֵסǰżˡȴǧˡǵʵɲ⣬ǰû˻Ķ֡
ô죿ϼ¶־֮ɫ˿Ժлûʰļʮֻӣæȥǿɡ
šԷ˵ͷǰܳԵĶغãȥͷ
ȥͷϼ˵ֵס㻹ȥʲô
ֵסҲҪȥܲǴҡڵĽҰѰɡ
ǣȥǻΣյ𣿡ϼҪˡ
ȥҲΣաԷ˵Ҫʳסһ׵飬ӾôôѣôҲء
ǲǾͰʳǰɡϼѾˡ
Էҡҡͷ˶ʳǣܲܶ˵ǳ˻ġ
ϼ˵ˣǵģԷ˵һûУǰһֿûȫʳôٴμʱ򣬾һֱ
Ÿ磬㿴ô죿ͻȻʵ
ĻϼͻȻһŻء
ǺŵʵڣҪ
ſЦһȴû˵
ԷˣһҲûУһΰﲻæ
Ÿôˣֱʱ֪ˣæеʵ
ҡҡͷûʲô󰭣ֻڣİﲻæˡ˵ƾļͣͨ˻˺ңȴҲ˵ˡ
ŵͳ̶ȣ⾳µʵֻҪܹ˵ûţҲͬ˲˱ˡе񽣣û֧֣ʶβ
Էվȥֻոֱ߳ƿ漴˴˽ȴ̷ѧĸ塣
һ˾Ϳϵš
ţĺһô
վǺźȻһġû뵽ǻһúõĺһپƵģڿƿҪȲˡ
̷ѧܺȳɣǻ˰ˣٺúʹһ
áЦŵ˵ͷϣǶܺúõĻ
ǻˣΪ裡ͻȻ˵
裿Է㣬裿
õߡϼ˵ֻǺܹ裬̷ֻѧһˡܿ裬ⱲҲûа׻ˡ
ţԷ۾󣬿˿̷ѧø
Ȼ̷ѧЦߣȻǼʶʶ裡̷ѧһҲûаѰ˷ϡ˵ͺǳȥһֻôɡ
Ӱ£Է徹ҲһӾͱھߣ衣Է徹ҲЦ˵
תûߣֽˡ
źȻһŮӡ
ɩˡŮӣϼæǰк
ӦþźȻеĹˡ
һȻҲš
ŮͻȻס
Ҳס
ţŮӾֱӽгŵֻ֣͸һ˿ҡ
ޱҲ˺һŽгԷ֡һҲû뵽źȻеĹȻǺޱ
ɭУλõĺޱ¾Ȼ޵Ů
ʱ򣬺ޱԼʵֻΪܹΪɭֵߡ
һΣޱĸʧ˼㣬ȻȻĺͳ¾Ȼ뿪ɭ֡˵Ǻޱ޺ܻܿɭ֣ų¾ȻĴ
һΣűɱ˺ޱģΪ¾ȻޣûΪ
űΪԶҲʲôˣȴû뵽Ȼܹٴޱһط
ɭҲħռˣʵ
ޱͷһ˫۾Ķסţ¶֮⡣
˫۾ܹóޱԼҪ˵ȥ˫УܹĶںޱոսʱű㿴źȻӣǸʱǰ⡣
ֻǴһ˫۾ű㿴ޱˡٲǸ˽ġײϵޣһг˰СŮˡ
˫ۣĵ˵ͷ
ޱһһڷ¡
ʶ˵һԻ˶Ŀˡ
źȻԷ嶼Щˣʵ벻Լߵˣôᶼʶأ
ѡЦ˵ļסʱ䡣
źȻĿźޱ
šޱͷҺǺܺõѡ
ԭźȻ˵ͷãǺúɣȥͷһͻء
ҪСġҪߣŮ˶һĵ˵
ģǻúõĻġ
źȻԷ塢̷ѧ߳ţŴͷȥ
ĬĬĿ˵ıӰֱǵӰȫʧ⣬ϼŰѼܳԵĶѼȻҵطȥˡ
ĸףȥæоֻʣ˺ޱˡ
ˣʵ
ޱ˵ͷɭֱħռ죬Һһħս죬ȻɱǸħ飬ԼȴҲˣͷΧסɱȻϣɱ˷Ǿһ
˵źȻʱ򣬺ޱȻ¶һ˿Цݡ
㰮źȻ
ޱ˵ͷǵģҲ֪Ϊʲôһֱҡ˶٣ޱֵţԲ𣬵̫˽ˣ㺦
ǰˡ˵ҲܿźȻҲϲģֻ䲻㣬һֱ㡣
𣿡ޱֳһ˿ϲɫ
ŵ˵ͷġ֮ȴ⣬ˣߵһʹԼһֱȥ


639Ϊ
ŵĻޱֳһ˿ɬҲƭȻģȴ֪ҵʵݣͲҿˡոҲܸоҵģȻ˵˺󣬾ͰҴΣյʱٶˡ
ޱĺңҵ֪Ҫôźá
˺ǿߵһġޱֵ´ڲҲĺܺ𣿡
⵹Ҳǡŵ˵ͷֻһ¾ȻҲûʲôǼĵһ𣬳¾Ȼ֪
ޱͷһŵţ˼ҪҰߺȻ
ŵ飬ûȨ档ôԼֻǾãమˣǲӦƭģô飬ͲӦƭ
šޱ˵ͷʵҲƭʲôֻǺ£֪󣬻᳹׵뿪
üͷ壬㲻Ϊ㰮Զ˩ߡõ氮Ͳƭ
סޱȻ̧ͷŵȺȻҾ͸ҵݡ
۾¶һ˿Ц⣬ıˣǰԲ˵Ļġ
ҺܺڡΪһλãȻ趼ҪˡޱС˵ţ˵軹᲻ԭŮ
ᡣźܿ϶˵һֱ㣬¾Ȼֻһζ˵辭һû˵ĵط͵ſޣŮ㵱ô飬װ˵ġ
ŵĻޱкȻˮ˵ţҺͺȻȷȥòã
ŵ˵ͷҵ˺ˣͺȥʯǡ
ţлл㡣ޱЩжû뵽һ㶼ǺǲһͰŸ˵ġ
ˣҲһʱ˰ɡʵ
ǵģѾ˰ˡ
ΪʲôԼȥĸף
¡ޱһ㣬Ҳ뿪Ȼ
ҡҡͷ˵
ޱ˿ŵҲˣ
ŵ˵ͷҪأڻһʵȴһûˡ
˭˳ޱʵĪҲħ飿ںޱУŻֻһﵽ񾳵ǿߡҲ뵽Ѿﵽػľ磬մ񶼹
ɭֵʱŻֻǸոս񾳣֣ܼѵɱǰǸޱȻ뵽ʱ䣬žȻܹ񶼣УҲǼΪǿĴڡ
˵ҪһЩЩ꣬ޱͣһЩſﵽػʹľ硣ãûʲô˻Ľչ죬ٶȣѾԽһּޡ
ںޱУҲǺ񾳶ѡ˵ˣȻΪǱħˡ
ҡҡͷҲǱħ˵ģһʱҲ˵ǵԺʱ˵ɡҲ˼˵ԼǴӿеˤģҲܶԺޱ˵񶼵顣Ͼޱڻŵѡ
˵ʱ䣬ϼҲغʳ߽С
Ѿˡ˵ںѾˡ
ϼסڴӵм䣬ʱϡܹڴҺĳ
üֵ֪ܲܵ˰ˡ
룬˵ǰûǱסڵĿܣǰûĶ֡
Ŷŵ˵ͷȴͻȻһ⣬ڷôӵ飬ɵһҲ𣿡
ܹܵĹЩеʿۼʯǵֿħޣɲܹڵˡ
ЩҲǡ˶ֵᣬȥʯħսء˵ػ½кܶ߶ȥʯǣǲʿȴԸǰȥħƴͻȻ¶һ˿֮ɫһȥʯս
ЦЦȷʵ˶Ӧȥʯǣﱻħ޹ƣôҲˡǲе˶ġ˵򳤣ĽҲһ֮ˣҲûȥʯ𣿡
ôܺͽȡ˵ȥΪ˱㣬Ȼ뿪ˡ
ţ֪˵ÿ˶ܸԼҵһɡͱ簲Ϊʲôᣬһ˵Ϊ˻šûʳҪˣҪȥֻһ취
գգۣҲǰô˵һˣ
ҡҡͷûгԵˣȥ˵𣿡
ҡҡͷᡣҲҪˣҾͻȥ
šֵΪȥ˴һ٣߱ɱˣǲǺԩ
ǡ˵ǲԣʹɱˣҲܣһҲûй˵ɡ
û˵׼ɱ˰ɣѾˡ
ţһ㶣漴ͷӦ֮ǰӵ˺ܶࡣ˫սҲ˺ܶࡣȻʱ˫ľѲڴڣ˴С
Ǵˣǲ˵ǰˣϼɫˡ
Ȼ˵
ѧԷ᲻ᡭϼһӾͿˡ
û˵ǿޱ
ޱ˵õģһţһĺܺá
ģϼͬʱޱ
ġ
ô֪ڵأԷһ֮ϼͬʱ˲ԵĵطޱһֱҲû뿪ӣô֪ǻŻأֻڰοԼѡ
ޱգգۣǵȻˡˣǻŵҪǵİȫûп֮ǰôأģҪ೤ʱ䣬ǾͻġţҲһԲڴںͰ·ϡ
˶٣ޱüͷȴ𣬵ֻǲ֪Ȼܻܲ
ŵ㿴ôΪʲôԼͺͿأ
ޱҡҡͷҺǲͬ˶֪ϼҸһԽûǵ˰ʤԼȻͬһֱڶңƽһ涼ѡ
ˣǲǿ֤УҲʤԼͻȻʵ
ǵġޱصͷȻҲܻôһǰҵġ
⼸仰ʱ䣬ҵֽ˺ܶ࣬ѲԶ
ΪʲôûлϼĵĿ⡣
ʱԺӰһ̷ѧԷ⡣
ˣϼͬʱ¶Ц⡣ڣҲˣܺԼһһҲֵú¡
ޱ˿˵ȴֳһ˿ʧ䣬ûпźȻ


640 ֮һ
Է̷ѧˣԷĸ첲һ̷ѧ·һȳһգԼ˵Ǳһš
˵ӣϼæһȡһҩơ
ʵΣǰˣ
̷ѧ˵ͷȻǰûĶ֣ټ˶ڣһӱɱˡ
Ҫô죿۾ʵ
̷ѧüͷ壬漴չǰǽԺ˺ǡˣȻǶ԰ȫ
ˣգգֻۣ𣿡
̷ѧȻˣźȻء
̷ѧĻޱ۾һæʵȻҲˣ
̷ѧȻˣôߣ
ޱһվ
⡣̷ѧ˵
Ϊʲôޱ۾
Ϊð˽ֻа⣬ǲܾ԰ȫ̷ѧ˵ΪģȻû˵֪ΪŴӴ˻ҪȻźȻѾƴˡ
˵֮䣬Է̷ѧѾϵˣվȥҪźȻһסſڡҲͬбǵҪҪˡ
ޱҲ˳ȥʱ˵أҲסˡ޷ԼΪƴȴ޶ԡ
ǰܺޱںڲУޱˡ
һż˱壬ʲôҪ
ǵλȨƣҲʵҪģǸܹ֮ˡ
ҲվҲȥ
ڻһҲûУͬῴűΪԼƴ
ϼҲҪܣȴסŵǲ֮ˣȥҲﲻæֻǷġ
ޱôܳȥˣȻҲġҲ̷ѧһһ⣬һС
ޱ֮ˣʵǿκһ˶ҪǿȻڻˣܰæġ
ϼͣסûִҪȥҲ֪˵һûУȥˣʲôæҲﲻϣֻԼ˷ġ
߳ԺӣͿһվǰ
źȻͺޱÿжһһֻе֣ȴһ
ţͷˣͻȻźȻƲӣ
ƲӡźȻ˵ͷýģҲΪһ㣬ͺޱֲһ
ſ˿˵֣ͻȻЦٲˣ
źȻתͷ˿Եĺޱ飬ˡѾ˵ãǹȥ٣ǾһǹȥˣԶһҲֿ
գգֶۣźޱǲˣҲʲôźˣ
ޱ˵ͷֻǻЩ衣
ڼ˵֮䣬һȺͻȻ˹ĳ˼ңȻΧзһҽС
̷ѧ۾𣬵ɱˡ
ǵģǰЩȥһҲɱ˺ܶˡԷҲ۾˵ǾǽУˡ
˶˵ͷ
Ⱥĸ˲סſڡ
ıͬʱӳȺǰĸ˵¡
ȺͻȻסû뵽ֿܵǰֻҪ˴ڣ˴оΪΪһӵĳܣڴڵһսϡ
սʤˣսӦѾˡһҲû뵽Ȼһ˼ҵǰܵһ˲ɱˡ
Ⱥ˶ٺͻȻһ˴ɱ
ʱѣַǰ
ĸ˵ĽֻӳѪ⽦
ǣԷҲӳеĵͽͬѪϷɽ
ǣû
ޱһѪûѵǰһ˶ûܡ
ޱڵʵվһŵǿҪһЩħһδսޱ˵ĺء
ûˣޱȴˮ
ΪźȻˣźȻϵ˿̷ѧԷˣźȻʵǿ֮ǰڴͷһս̷ѧԷ嶼ˣźȻȴƽ¡
ôˣΪ嵲ס˻ޱе
УǾ󲿷֡
Ȼźһޱˮ΢΢ɫܲ԰סȴ͸ŨŨɱ
ǵս֮ʱޱҲû¶Ũɱ⡣
źȻΪˣޱɱɱˣɱ˵źȻˡ
սڼĸ˶ۡȺҲۡ
Ѫͣķڵϣת˲ͰϼǰĵȾ˺ɫ
ϵ˿ڲϵӡǵģˣޱһֱûˡ
ܹóֻҪźȻߣûе£ޱ;Բˡ
ǴʱΣźȻҲҪ£ܵǱ˵˫ѪǱ˵˫ҲǱ˵˫
ʱ䣬ĸǰҲ˵£ȥûġ
ޱڷɱˣɱҲǱ˵˫
ʱĸУޱʵֻ
ĸУû˱Ⱥޱɱˡ
ֻҪ˺źȻģֻҪǸ˻ȺǰͱؽںޱĽ£
ʱҲվǰĸվһվźȻߣΪźȻǰı
ûѪȻҲеϣȴû˵šػ壬ȻᱻЩ˿ˡҲɱˡ
û񽣾ֻһͨĽˣһҲβ
˫սסǰ˻ˣȴû˺һ
һǽǰֻҪǽû̮κҲڡ
üͷЩԼе񽣡ǵȥ֮ǰźһսóħ֮Ѫ֮ˣǸʱҲûз֮񽣼˵ͻȻɳ
ҲǴǸʱŲ˽һЩǿ
һһֱûô⣬ΪĽһöֻҪ֣ţ˵ԷֻһСľ񣬱һǣöܹ
ǲ֪Ϊʲôʶϵûһ㷴Ӧ
Ǻܲһ顣
Żޱʱ᲻ԼպޱûзӦŲŷ
ȴȻûзӦűЩˡ
Ӧ÷ġȻʱ᲻ŵĿƣܹӦŵġϾҲ񽣵һ֡񽣣ŵĽ
սʱԼ˵ģǸʱʶġ
ڣֻǶԸһСİգžǻö
ԭʱ򣬶һͻȻĴ⽣ǴţǴźȻ
һܹĽͬ
⽣ֺֿݣһҲ㡣
ûк龳ľ磬Դ̲һ
۾ȥֵһҲܿźȻҲԶ㲻һʱֱȥޱһѵ
źȻֻлޱĵͲԼĽ
ǣ⽣ȴǴźȻţб


641 ɭֵ
ſ˴źȻĽޱҲˡ
ȥǱû֧֣ŵٶȱúޱܵȻĽʱһ˵ʺУγ
ȴźȻܽûо롣
ޱеĽֻһת͵źȻǰȻǱʹӺޱĺ󱳴̽ȥ
ޱźȻ۾˻
ޱȴ¶һ˿ЦݣѷźȻУɫһ˲ͱò԰ףЦȴҸ
Ҳҵǰġޱ˵ΪҵҾҲΪ㵲ԸΪȥҲԸҵ㡣˶٣ޱֵȻɲԶ˵һ仰
šźȻصͷˮ֪ޱ˵ĺءصĸоԼеԽԽ䡣
ޱ˵ѳȻɲ˵㰮ҡ
Ұ㣬Ұ㣬Ұ㣡źȻǺģⲻǷܣİ㣬ʤԼ
֪ܸоޱЦݣ۾ȴԽԽСҲԽԽ
˵ʱ䣬˶ͣ֡
Ϊ˵ġҰ㡯жΪʱһɫĹâڰǰô޷ƿһɫĹĻ
Ǵŵ񽣷ġ
׼ȷ˵񽣵Ķˡ
񽣶һöɭֵöڵöڵչԶԶ
һСڵŽ⴦Ʈ𣬾ֱ˺ޱͷϡ
ͻȻʢֻգۼ䣬Ѻޱ˶֮С漴źޱ뿪źȻ壬ƮС
ޱźȻոûз֣ıԼŮˣʵ̫ǿӲѺޱĻߡ
źȻеĽȥƿǵ⣬Ȼ֪İˡȴһסҲ֪öҪʲô֪ҪޱȲ
ҲܾôţźȻ
ҲҪޱ˵öɱ˵ʱӵġ
ŵĻźȻȻţⶫǴĽϳģ
ŵ˵ͷǵģҽϵһ֡
ȥ˾ޱźȻæ˵
ѲҵĿơ˵
źȻüͷ𣬵ңҪʲô
ҡͷҲ֪һҲûпӵġ
ǵģŴҲûмöʱ״̬Ȼǰöͺ֣ʱŵĿƣȴҲֻ飬ɺɱˡ
ʱȴǴҲûзġ
ܹоֻǻһסޱûɺޱڵ˼
һ˶ͷգ˭Ҳ֪֮зʲô
ޱ
ޱ֪ԼʱںηոʶѾģˡѼҪ뿪磬뿪ǸԼˡ
֪Լʲôʱѵġޱֻ֪Լѹʱ򣬿졢أҲǸǵˡ
ΧһжһƬ࣬һƬɫ֮ʲôûС
ʲôطޱ̲סа˵һ˲䣬ޱͷԼϵ˶ѾˡֻǸոձ˴Ӻ󱳴Ľˣǰħս֮ʱܵ˶ˡ
ˡޱЦһ£Ĵ˿û뵽еû뵽Ȼӵģȴ˵еҪ¶ˡ
ʲôп£
һˣһʲôûУֻһɫǲһµ飿
ŨͻȻһֲθСһ仯ںޱǰ仯һ˵״
ţޱ㶣˫һգգĿ仯ɵˣһŵ
վںޱǰĹˣȻɭֵһģһ
ûɵǵ˵ͷǵġ
ޱ󾪣Ƭ̺ԼѾˣôڵͲʲôֵ顣
û뵽ǻܼšޱ˵֪㻹ǲǺң֪ﻹܲɱأޱһ㶼£Ѿˣûʲôٿµˡ
ȴǺȻЦЦ㻹û
ûޱ۾󣬡ûôһֵĵطôܿ㣿
ҰŪġֻһռѡ
Ūκҵˣޱʵ
ͷ
ɭ֣㲻ǾѾޱ޷˵ĻۿɱġҲٸɡ
ȷʵˣŴҵڵֱ仯ҵڵǸŵ֮ϣ־ܶ飬ʹҵڵԽԽǿǻҵһ˿ʶڿģҵʶ̬
ޱ˻ͷĻֻ֪ڲһʵ˼룬ȴû壬ֻһڵϡ
ڵʶ
ޱ벻Ϊʲôı仯һôӵʶ
գգۣԲȥԶҲ޷ͨ⡣ޱʵΪʲôҪأ
ܼ򵥣Ϊɭֵڵ
ţʲô˼
ҵʶȻѣû壬Ҳ̫ʱ䣬ɭУֻһϣֻܿʣһˡҵȻȻҪ㡣
ޱգգۣɵɱУҲһ
ǰˡ˵ֻ㣬Ҫ巢󡣡
ޱҡҡͷܹҲˣҪˣֻͺȻһ
ЦЦ벻룬㶼µĺҲʲô飬ֻҪҰȻͲ
ޱգգۣͻȻʵǲѾҾȻˣ
˵ͷġ
ǲӦðҷųȥأ
Ȼһû
ʲô飿
һûаԼڵ㡣˵
ڵңޱ۾󣺡ΪʲôҪڵңûڵ㲻Ǿʲôû𣿡
˵ͷģҵʶҲܴڶ೤ʱ䣬Ҫڵ㣬ֻǿܱ֤ͦⳡѡ
ҲҪڵޱͻȻ˵ҲǿֻҪܹÿںȻҾ֪ˣʲôҲҪ
۾𣬵ûбԼźȻʵôһأң飬ʱпܷûʵҪôİȫѵýٴη𣿡
ޱüˣҵѾˣЩ˲ҵǰ˺Ȼġ
ԺħأҲܱ𣿡
ޱסǵģڵȺħ裬˭Ҳұ֤Լħ飬ħ齻սޱѱȻ޷ٱ֤źȻİȫ
ҵʶܴڶ೤ʱˣڵ͸ˡ˵ΪĴǸһ˵Ķݣ㲻Ҫʲôġ
ޱû˵ڵֻǾЩ֣ȴоʲôط˵Ļеڵֻøǿ
ǣ֪ΪʲôޱоЩ


642 
ϣźȻһĵĿŰеɫ֪ޱôˣһ취ҲûУֻܵȡ
Ũһ롣ѺޱС˰ʱ֮ãһ䵭ʧ
ֳޱӣûе£ǾôվڿС
ͷϣһСɫӣһ۱㿴ڵǰһֱǶԼ񽣽ϡ
ڣӱӦԼصϲŶԡ
ȴûжͺޱһֹֹʱ伫̡Ƭ̺󣬺ޱͻȻſڣӻһɫâֱӷɽޱĿС
ţһҲ󲻵ڵȻԼɵޱĿС
źڵԼҪôģǺޱڵĶԶԶûǸʵܹöɹڵ
ڵڣޱ˿ûʲô仯ǷҪ˵һ㣬ޱǰҪһЩӣٸоһϢĲ
ֻһ֪ޱǿˣǿ
ǿκһս
ޱ£ֱ䵽źȻߣǣסźȻ֣˵ȻЩҪô죿ҪҪǶɱˣ
źȻգգۣûޱ˵ʲôֻǴĿźޱһŵûˣ
ޱͷţûˡ
˶ˣ
ˡ
ô
ޱЦЦžңոյǿӣŽϵġ˵ޱתͷŵţǲ˼Ұ񽣵һָˣǲܿƵ˵ġţԭ𣿡
֪һϵûС˵ǿڵһֱЩģǲҵĿơڱ˵ãʡһĵġ
˵ʵһֱҪһֱǿȥĻ᲻᲻ʲô޷ص顣ͻȻޱˣﻹ˺ܶࡣֻһЩɻ벻öΪʲôҪúޱԵ
ҲӵʶͺޱǳˣҲûޱġɱ˺ޱ㲻ˡ
֮Ի뵽ڵʶΪڵǻͻȻһЩ飬ͱһξȺޱ㲻ָʹġڵӵʶǺԵһ顣
ڵʶȻʶ
ǣΪʲôҪȺޱԼڵҲ벻һ㡣
ޱ䵽ϣס˵ɫĻҲʧǰû赲Ⱥֳһеı߸߾Ƿһ
źȻæǰһѺޱĽĿųȺźȻҪƴˡ
Ⱥ嵽źȻǰʱһƬͻȻźȻϯȺ
ϰ˵ĶӴֱ׷ɳȥֱֱɳʮԶŹڵϣֻһ¾ˤʮˣкܶҹĲҺÿֻҲ֪˺صˣȶϸ첲Ҫضˡ
⻹Ǻޱ飬˵ڵǿʵǰʵֻҪôӳһЩҲɡ
ޱǱˣ֪˵ܱʲôӣһġԼ⣬Щ˸ոնɱԼģôɱҪɱԼˣ쾭һ顣ովǺޱЩ˶ɱˣҲʲô
˭һҪɱˣȾҪñɱ׼
ޱûºֻ֣Ϊһ㣬°˶ɱˣźȻ᲻ˡһȻҲó
ޱͻȻǰһȺ˭ٸǰһ˭
ޱ˵Ҳƽǰ仰󣬻վŵľתܣǻڵϴվģˡ
ոպޱһ˶סˡ
֮ǰȻޱҲɱˣɱһҲһɱ١
ȴû˺£Ϊ֮ǰŵ˵ʵԷǿɱ⼸˵ġÿжϣѲͬޱһ֮Ǳ֪ҲɱһˣǼֻһ
Ƕţޱ˵ĻŻ˵ģΪһֱɱˣ˵Բ²ȥ֡
Щߵĺܿ죬Ҳܿ졣
ֻһգۼ䣬Ⱥ˳ȥʮףܵܡù׷Ŵڶȥ
ʱһֱվŲźȻڷӦ˹תͷ˺ޱһۣһЩɻӦһֱ֪ޱǿʵ
źȻȴһ仰ҲûʣͻȻǰȥһӾͳȺСһ̣ʹ˶קһʮˡһװ׾ЩһҲһˡվܵģһ˶ûУ·ûơ
Ⱥɾһˡ
źȻסˣ˼ܡܿ죬ֻʣһˡ
㣬Ҫʲô˿źȻʵȻһЩţܹó˻Ǻ򶨣Щܵ˶Ҫ򶨡
źȻͻȻ˵˶ߣ㲻С
Ϊʲô۾ɻĿźȻ
ޱҲߵţȻΪʲôŹˣ
գգۣովĽ̽ġ˶٣ֵһʺϣһЩģڿĳҲһŮҲɱˡԺһ㲻ÿʲôȫԼ
Ƿ֮ҪһЩʲôô۱˴жôమһҸ
ŵ˼˵ĺԣޱȻҲȴû¶ҸЦݡ
ҲЦЦݺ֡ǺǺǿװЦݣܸоĳЦݺü١
üͷϸĿźޱ
ôˣޱգ۾˵
ûʲôҡҡͷתͷȥźȻ
źȻѷſǸˣѾеĽĽɣ
ǸҲнǺɫģȾѪ
Ϊʲô˶뿪ȴƫƫߣ˻ھ⡣
Ϊ㽣ϵѪġźȻָޱոգһɱ
û°
ûҲС˺˶źȻ˵
ЩأǾͿԻţЩĿźȻʵ벻ףΪʲôȥЩˣȴƫԼס
źȻȴһ仰Ҳû˵ӳеĽ
һѵʺ΢΢һƫ㿪źȻĽ漴ĽҲҲ̳һֱźȻͷĽܿ죬һ
źȻ۾Уȴûж˵Ŀ콣ûпһۣеĽһƫ˻ȥ
˵ĽźȻļͷźȻĽȴ˵Ĳӡ
㣬Ȼ㣡۾˵ǲ˼顣벻ͨԷΪʲôԼĽ
ԶҲ벻ͨˣźȻͻȻǰһеĽ̵ø͸ҲܲˡźȻһ͸˵ʺ
˵Ķ֡ȴôźȻ¡


643 ֵĺޱ
źȻɱ˰ǵģ˾
һĻçǻԴʱçɱƽҩ̵ϰΡ
çΪ˿໨ɱˣϧԼڵźȻΪ˺ޱ
ȻޱҪźȻôԼɱʵɱа˵ʵ
źȻôˣԥ
γӵĽְγԼͷĽȻһߵޱǰƾͷѪȾ·Ⱦµء
ֻҪһţ;Բκ˺㡣˭ŪһͷҾźȻſڣȻ˵һ仰
˺ءޱûпźȻ˫ֻۣǿźȻ˿ڡȻһֻ˸֣ḧźȻļͷ
һš
ѪźȻ˿ھۿɼٶϣǼκʱ䣬Ȭ
˶ڿһĻ϶¶һ˿ȡ
ޱ˵
һֱվűߣһֱվŵ˵ĺ档ҲҪƴģڿźȻΪޱ֮ûгΪԼ۱ˣΪ
ޱЦЦȴû˵̷ѧԷǰһƬ䣬ϵƱ˲Ȭ
龰źȻҲˣźޱһޱ㵽ʲôˣΪʲôǿʵޱǿźȻͻȻһԱֿʼԼ䲻
ոհ˶ԷǹݣΪźȻԷ˵ĺܶԣ£ͨ˶ûʲôͬ
Ǵʱޱֻڴ˵ʵźȻ־Լ֮˾룬һ䲻ˡ
źȻֿʼìܡ
һֱΪޱһͷǶԸ˵ߡһֱΪںޱԵħͬ顣
Ҳûޱʵǿ˴˵еľ磬֮䣬˵
ոɱûüЩͷԻȵģҲȵġںޱ֮źȻѹͶԷͬһˣ֮Ĳ̫
⡣
ҲˣޱͻȻ˵
仰̲סһ㶡ޱһֱԼݣһֱҶźȻ˵źȻ֪֮뿪Լ
ڣ˵ľһԥûС
ɴࡢֱӡ
ȻŶԺޱ˵మˣӦκƭû뵽ޱôֱӵ˵˳
ͻȻоޱֱˣ˵ɢȥޱڵ֮ͺֱһˡ
ոźȻƴֹģ֣źȻͲˣûУôĿźȻûһ㲨
źȻɱߵǰ˵ֻҪһţ;Բκ˺㡣˭ŪһͷҾ
һ˶Ů˵һ仰ʱŮǲǻжһֱõźȻĵĺޱǲӦøжĿ޳
ҲûпޣǵĸźȻƣ̷ѧԷ塣в
ЩһõŮ˸еӡ
ƾЩֲ˵ޱźȻûһҲûСֻ˵ʱǵģ֪ʲôҪġ
úޱĻźȻҲ㶣֮Ͼֳһ˿ЦݡͻȻûԥ
źȻޱǰ㻹Ըҵ𣿡
ޱ۾󣬽ĶסźȻ㻹ԸȢң㲻ҵݣ
⡣źȻ˵ֻܲ㣬ܲҡҲǲֻ֪ң㹻
ޱգգۣأ𣿡
Ȼû㣬ΪʲôҪһ𣿡źȻ˵ӼĵһҵоӰӣûз¹һֱ㣬ֻΪҾ䲻㣬»Ӧһǿǧ򱶵˵ġ
أޱʵ㲻ˣ
ˡźȻͻȻЦбҲģϣң㲻ҵһˡˣҲ㡣
źȻĲԥΪޱΪиõ˻ᰮһֻԺޱ飬֮
ޱЦЦǲӦúúúһپƣɢˣ
ȻźȻЦȥȾƣ
һ߽С
źȻͺޱǰ棬Է
ԷͻȻС˵ޱΪʲôûпޣ
գգۣʵΪôҪޣ
ŸݣѵӦÿ𣿡
һֵø˵飬Ҳɡ
Էȴҡҡͷ㲻֪ǰ飬ΪŸ磬ޱ˺ܶ˸ж޵顣ŸִţСոΣӦÿ޵ġ
ŵǲǾˣ
šԷǰһ˵һ
ˡԷļ磬ô˵Ǻޱû
оƲѾáϼ֪涼ʲôֻײ˵Ĳҽ֪ԼΪԼսȴܳȥġ
ôŵȣȴҲܲˣŮӾͰѷ˶ڳȣԼ
ŵ˽ʱ򣬱㿴ڵ⣬ƶȵġ
СźȾơϼ϶Цݡ
ʲôûʣԼ˰Ȼ߽УѲҪʡ
ŮӶԼ˵ߣһҲߡ
پһҹ̷ѧźȻԷ塢ˣ²֪ϼ˯ϡ
ֻźͺޱѡźȵò࣬ƻûкã˺̫ľơ
ޱѣΪǡԼҪʱ򣬾һھƶٺȡ
սУϣ˺ޱ
ƽ򶨡һ
գգۣͻȻʵǺޱ
ޱ˵أ
˵㲻ǡ۾˵
ţῪЦҲǺޱ˭
ǺǡЦЦͻȻˡ
ޱ˵ͷȷʵЩˣڵҵʵһ磬ľҲǰһˡ
㻹źȻ𣿡ͻȻʵ
ޱܿ϶˵һԶ䡣
Ҿͷˡŵ˵ͷֵ벻һȥʯǣĸף
ޱȻһЩʱ˵һӶ뿪˶٣ޱֵţҪˣ
ҡҡͷԸȥԴ뿪㲻ߣڻ߲ˡ
ţǾ͵߰ɡޱ˵
ĬĬ˵ͷû˵лɻ󣬺ޱǺģԸȥȻѣҲһ顣


644 Ȭ
ʱֹ˰£û壬ӦԶҲˡޱһסˡ
¹ĺƽûзκ飬Ҳûꡣ
ŵҲһתһ˿
Ÿոճ֣žȲĴǬָȡСӣϵԬࡣ
ŸոհѲӴ򿪣ԬӰҳϡſۣҲ˺ܶࡣ
裬û¡ŵЩʣЩôģҹһϴ档һ߶Լ֡Ҫеĵġ²УǿջЦȥο̻롭
û¾ͺã֪һûµġԬ¶Цݣеˮȴĸࡣ
Ԭ໹Ҫ˵ӰȴͻȻʧȻӰ֡Ҳˮֻǿţȴһ仰Ҳ˵
롢̻Сᡭ
˶ῴţȴ˵
Ϊģţֵ˿ĵˡ˵ΪҲҪ˵ֻҪ֪ŻţѾ㹻ˡ
ȺתһȦԬӰֳСϣ𣿡
Һܺãǰˣ޷ϵڶѾˡ˵裬ڻðɣ
ܺãħûз㲻ΪǵġǱҲû顣
ŵ˵ͷֵǶʯ˰ɡ
šԬͷӦ
裬֪ʯô𣿡
֪ҲʯǣͨšԬ˵ʯûΣգ˶ʯǣ˵ħʯһ취ҲûС
裬֪񶼵ˣʵ
֪ˣ̻ƿӡһ죬һεŮ㡣
ȥ򣿡㶣һ񶼻ĳģǳУȫʧξȻܹڵҵ򣬿һҲûС
мͶ൱ĲࡣԸ͵ʱλûżֵʱ䳤ˣֻΪŵ̫棬ʹ޷ʵŻԶԶεĶ֡
һҵ֤
裬ģæʵ
㲻ڣȥʯˡߵʱ˵õģ˵϶µġǻΪֻǰοǶѣڿһҲûƭǡ˶٣ԬֵţǲҲҪȥʯǣ
šŵ˵ͷȰħ޴ˣҾͻžۡ
ȥɡԬ˵ҪΪǵģܺãҲܰȫ

СӣһһЩЩĵľΪԼģϵˣһ¡
磬Էڷд
ЦŴ߳ڷϡ
ţ˺˺ܶࡣޱţͻȻ˵
ŵ˵ͷ߰Ȭˡ
ˣȥʯǰɡޱ˵
šڻ߲ˣֻǸոջһѡ

ʱܿȥŵȬ뿪壬ҪʯǸȥ
ϼһ˶˳һֱ͵ڴϼһҲŻȥϼ̫ܳʱ䣬Ҫչ˸ոĸµĺӡ
ذɡЦ˵ܿóϼ˶᲻Լ뿪
ţȰħ޴ˣһҪǰ˵
ŵ˵ͷȻʱ°ػסһط
šðð¶֮ɫһҲûΪܴܲħ޵ġͲ֪ʲôħħʥħĴڣһֱΪħ޲ѣֻһʱѡ
ޱ㣬ҲȥɡȻʣ˸ˡ˵
ޱ˵ͷŴȥ
ʱֻźȻһ˻վǰҪлŵģϼǰһսſΪ˲ٵȻźȻܿǳսսˡ
ţлл㡣źȻ˵
Цҡҡͷ֮ǲҪ˵ллֵġ˶٣ͻȻʵЩ죬ûиоЩ֣
źȻ㶣˵˭
һźȻŵȷʵЩǰһҲںֻҪǾޱͺá
üҪСһ㡣
ûʲôСĵġźȻЦЦǲңʱȥǺңʱɱҡȴҵߡҸͲҪϹʲô
Ҳǡŵ˵ͷҲֻǾúޱЩ֣֪ô¡ޱǱǰӣͲҪαװʲôʮʱ䣬ʲôͼɱҲһѵ顣
ȴʲôû
ֻ뿪ڶԸޱҲһɡ
ˡ˵
ţһСġźȻ֣ص˵źȻ֪ħжǿڴźޱһ·УѾ̫ˡ
һᡣնתۼʧߡٶȣǱļҪ졣
źȻǵһοչֳʵߣΪǿߣŻڵɡţһҪסһءİ顢黹ܼȥ

ֻһʱ䣬㵽ʯǡֱڳСĴ񡢳ǽʿǶûзš
ŵ˫Ÿո̤ϵ֮ʱȴʮͻȻгһӾͰΧ
˿վʮǰһŮӣϺȻ¶Цݣּˡ
ŮȻΣΧסŵģȻҲ񶼵ˡҲֻǣпܷš
ţڻˡҲЦ˵һΪħǱء
ʱһȺ˳
һȺŶʶˡ
λڣçΪ
ʯеǿߣֹܹħֵģ񶼵ˣˡ
ϴç󺰵϶ЦݣŲ֪çѾܳʱûЦˡ
磡һҲçСȴûЦˡɱ˲գ̸ۣ֮ɫСħŮ첻µزµȻˡ
һƬÿ϶һ֮ɫ
˷׷׽£һʱ侹ҳһƬμ龰񶼵ʮĵȥ
ԺֻʣˣΧֺֽСðŰ
߽УʱðһʢľΪŽӷ硣
ôھ뺨֮ʱʵ
¾ƱЩħûнҲΪĴ½ûбȫһħĴ½һЩۼĲдҪеĵطȫɾŻԸǡս
Ĵ½ͱħռ𣿡Щɻʵ
ǲûɱȫࡣҴ˽ҲγһЩħ޽
ԭʵôģ
ħħһ½һ½ʱò˶á
Ȼò˶ãڸ½ǿʱ򣬶ûеסħĽʣµһЩ͸ֵܵȫʢʱڵħˡ
ھֻܵȣüͷ
ֻܵȣȵеħһս֣صĵ˵ͷ
Ļǻϣ𣿡ŵüͷ
ͻȻһƬž˭Ҳ˵


645 ķ
һӵˣͻȻһ仰Ҳ˵ʱЩһŲŵǵȵеĵֿħȫִǣǿǵĶ𣿡
ҡҡͷܣħǧȻǿҲħĶ֡
ŶǰһƣһںȸɣΪʲôҪȣ
Цһ£Σ˶һ½ǱȥˣҲֻѣͲʵڵħ飬ﵽ𾳣ЩУܹħ൱˶ûС
գգۣħһ½ϣǲܶۼһɣ
ǵġͷǷֳ·һ࣬κһܹġ˵Ǹʵȴܹ˵ġţЦݵĿԼ˫ͻȻһˣͺˣ񶼵һĻǾ㲻һ֧飬Ҳܹʵӻ˵ٶȣȡʱ䡣
ȡʱ䣿գգۣȡʱ𣿡
Ȼá˵ǿԳʱЩ˶ܴﵽ𾳽磬ʱҲһս֮ˡ
ԡŵ˵ͷǶôﵽ𾳽磬ܹħ鿹⡣
𾳸޷ﵽġ˵Ѿﵽػʹ㣬ô޷һ㡣
գգۣڲһˣ֪ôܹﵽ𾳽磬а취ں̵ܶʱڶ𾳡
ģ۾󣬽Ķסţ뿴Լĸǲ˵Ц
ȻˡŵҾ磬Ȼ֪Ҫôܹˡ
һβֻ˶ţç̲סʵϴ󣬵ҪôУ˵ɣӶҪˡ
룬ʵܼ򵥣Ҫﵽ𾳽磬ҪǿĶֽսĹԼ֮ͻļޡ˶٣ֵҺػоǿΨһķȴҲΣյķǲܳɹܻܿȻɹĻҪһЩ
ǿĶս۾𣬵⵹Ǽ򵥣ϿȶΧǵħоħ飬ֻҪȥܹħ齻ֻ֡ǡ
Ļû˵˶̫Σաеˣû˭ħĶ֣֮սĽʮа˾
ų˼ΣɣǼƻƻħһܣҺθ󡣡
ЩУֻΪﵽػʹ㣬Ϊĵҹ֪Ķͬ˵ķȴʺΪôҲֻˡžãԼԱչˣǲʲôġ
ЩҲħӴ֪ԷҲǸոմﵽ𾳵ʵѡ
ˣھȥħһܰɡŵĻ˷ܵĲˡô죬ֻڳУʲôҲˣͲͷˣȥħսһпԼʵȻ˷ܣӶˡ
һ˵ŻһվҪߡ
æһѰסС̣㲻ھȥǵ׵С
ʲôġƲƲҳȥҸħһܣô򵥵»ʲô
ͷΪô򵥣
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֪ԨжħôȥˣԷһӰΧô죿һа٣
ǹȥսѵǻԶٲɣɴ۾˵
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ðᵽԼçʱɴ۾˵ģҡʱҪȥɷǵҪɡ
ãҲ㡣룬ֶ֮㲻ܾôȥǱҪһԲ߲С
°ɡȥСͻȻ˵
Ŷ͵Ӧһ鲻ԸԭλҲ˵پħĻż˭˭
ԭλǾ취ɣҪôܹħ
˷׷һе㲻ܡԷӵֻסʯǣûл֮ǰԨħ޸ṥڼ䣬˳ȥһȺܺԵĽ
аʱʱ䣬ħ˵ֻ񶼵ЩǲС
ôϣ˶ֹۣͣ׷׿ħ
ħܼ򵥣񶼵˶ȥסеħ飬ֻŹһˡ
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ǻħգգۣҪڶڴﵽ𾳣ֻܾ˵һˣȻңҪüǧʱܹȻͻػʹ㡣ǵģħѾûϰʵǴﵽػʹ㣬ȻȻͻ𾳡ֻħ񵱳Լеʹڻûдﵽػʹ㡣
Ѿû񶼣ħҲٵĻԼӷֿˡʱħҲڲͣʱѴﵽػʹвľ硣
ÿһ˶ﵽػʹľ磬Ǽӣֱá
ȥΡͻȻվתȥ
üԷħ٣һкܹܶеħӥ񶼵ļʮܹסôħ𣿡Ⲣһð취ȴ벻õİ취
ħӥûʲôá˵𾳵սУħ޵ѾСʮˣҪסٵħ飬Ӧòһ¡ûħʥȴκҡһ˵һ˳ȥ
ȴЩĵ𣿡
Ȼħ˵𾳵ʵܹˡǰڴﵽԵʱԻΪǸʱܹоǿʵһЩħܹӰ˵ġսֻħ֮սħûйϵ
ԨħӥаҲһöûУЩġûп𾳵ʵҲ޷²񶼵˻ǿʲôز
ħӥħںȫÿһֻк񾳵ʵĳж
ŰһĵӣħЦЦİɣŲ˵УһѾˡ
˵ͷҲԷЩȻ֪Լһ嶯ˡ
ȴЩˣ˿ħ񣬾ʦҾһõĵطҲûаҲħ˵ǻһˣͷˡ
ħЦȴһ仰Ҳû˵
˶Уħϲ˾ˣԼĺһȻħҲԼˡ
ܲ˵񶼵أɵͻȻ˵񶼵ܲܵסħħӥǵܲ˵񶼵˰Լ
϶ܡܿĳЩкеλ¾ȻӵǾ͵սɣܲ𾳡


646 ħս
峿ն
ȴղ棬ֻ͸ؼħԼԼһɫ̫
죬ȴ񺮶һźɫħƮؼ䣬ס⣬Ҳסµȡ
䣬Ϊ䡣˭ü꿴⣬ҲоůˡվڻԣҲ䡢ġ
ħĸգ˺䡢־塣
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Ҳ䣬䣬۹䣬еı䡣
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Χʿð죬ҲǲŷʿȻӡǵԼոʱЩʿ֮仹죬Цڣ˾Ȼһֱ飬ô˾һȴûһ˵
ֲöħ޼ȲǣҲߡ֪ǵˡ˵
ŵ˵ͷӦþΪܹɢħǱĬиıǵʿ
š˵ͷ
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ǵصħӥպȴûǳȥֻǾͣһҲ
ħӥȶ֮ǧһµͻȻħӥǰ
ǧ˵ǰ棬ǽٸֵˣɢǿҵħԿЩħɡ
ſٳŵˣЩħȻҲӦ˶ԷĲѰ˻֣ŵӭħħӥûж
սȷʵѲħӥܹæˣħħУ۶ûá
ת˲Ӵһ𣬵ȴû֣˾ǲԼͬϷȥתۼʧڵ˺ħ޵֮⡣
ͷͻȻ˵ǻ᲻Σգ
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չȥû¶Զٳ
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ħ޻ʿͷʲôҲ졣ÿ˶ô£һʱ䣬ûٶⱩеˡ
˶ϣͣסȻ󿴼Լ˴ӿй
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֮ڣҲ۰Ͱ͵Ŀ죬ȻǺʿһʲôÿһȴۣһգգš
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ǶСħˡħֻ˵һ仰ס˿ڡ
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647 
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648 滮
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ŵĻ˶۾ÿ϶ֳһ˿ϲɫϾԼⷽһֶԸħϣȻУôԺÿһ˶лﵽˡ
ֻçǵģ̲סԺͱ͸ˣôˣٺдɾ۸ˡ
çӣ̲סЦԺҾˣʵǰҪǿ̫ˣһһעŪɸзˡ
çһһ̲ס˵Ļģǰ˵çЩš̫ĥˡ
˺ЦĿçһ󣬰ŵҪʲô
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650 
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Ҳһ
ٿˣǹʯǰʿǵʿʯǺİǵİգҲܣ
ǹܲˡ˵ΨһģǱӵİȫ
Ϊܹסӣʡ
֪ԥ˵˭ҪУֻܴǵʬȥ
ûçͻȻ˵ֻҪǻһ˻ţ;κ˿һ
üôԣǱʿͰգҲӦ취ħҪȱסԼ˵
ԼҪġǰͻȻ˵ÿжһԼҪ
Ŷ۾ЩɻĿЩĻҲЩһ仰˵
һὲˣҲһܶˡȴ˵һĻ
οһŵУԼҪʲô
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һ˴л̧߳ͷ˿еľŸ̫һӣǾŸ̫һӾʧӰ١
ħŨ


653 ѵĻ
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ɽһӰŻѸٷֻһգۼ䣬ǰ£ӭع飡
˶ͷӿ߳һˣǱ֪һħɡ
ֻûһ˶еħɢǵصϢ֮ϵİȽоѡ
ħֵһ˲䣬ԼʲôæﲻˡħҪɱԼֻҪһ־͹ˡⷢϢ񶼵ֿˡ
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Ϊе˶ˡ
šħ˵ͷһվ
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ħڣħͻȻһȣٴζҡ
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ʯǣһӣʲôûˡ
ΪµĽס˿磬ǽȴѺۡ
ΪæٴλӶ˫֣Ѻ۲ϡ
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գգۣħ˼ε˵һӵϣ۸ˣǾһһΣ
εãҲûκΰ취˵һҲǶԷǧħһӵϣô֪
ȻһһȵĽҲıʲôΣܶɱһħҲǺõġοһЩʱ䣬ҲʲôתҲ˵
ֿˣأ֪ε˲һģٴʵ
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Ǿɡ˺һָһħ飬
ħޱǰһ仰Ҳ˵
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תͷλʥʹ
˭֪ЩʥʹȴǵͷһӦսҲûС˵֮ʱл񹭵ӡ
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һԥûбеĻ񹭣ұ̻ĺ㣬һһԥûУŽƵĹâһǰ
۾һʹĶ߷ɹȴһ㷴ӦûСһô֪Լ
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̻Ѫȴȥһ˫۽Ķסħǲʡ
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ħҲãҲգһܻںͱ˵ƴ𣬵ǻ񹭲ͬԶӴļ̫˻ÿһܵһ˿ˣֱһٳܲסǼ֮ʱѡ
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̻֮ˣ̻еĹѶϡ̻ȻҲ㲻ħһָǱ̻ȴûһ˿⡣
ŶѵĹһƽĿħ


654 Ż
ħһָ˵Ǳ̻һ֮Ҳֲס
Ȼһָһָ񶼵ʥʹҲֲס
Ȼǵֲסģܹ׵ĵסħһħͲ˸е˿ˡ
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ֻ뵽̻ȴһҲû뵽ԼԼ޾ηСħŮ
֮䣬˸жСħŮ
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ɳһ˲䣬ʧһɲǡһ߲ʵĹͻȻڱ̻ǰֱӭǺɫ
ཻڹٴζס
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Щɫֱˡƺܴǧħ飬񶼵ˣҲһʮһ˶ѡЩĵһҲûˡ
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ǣħּ֮ʱȴͻȻͣסȻ۹뿪еͻȻתΪסӡ
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ӵ򿪣ͻȻֱ߳ӴΪĽ磬档
ΪµĽһöΪ㶵վֱǰ顣
ŽŲȴͣһֱߵħǰվסҲգյĴˡ
ħ˵ͷ֪ţֲÿһμ㣬ʵĺܿ죬ԭյĴˡֻǣȴûм̳յȫ
Ȼûм̳СŵѾƿգȥһ硣ϸûܹ̳ȫûߣֻҪһָͷͿɱˡ
˵Ļħ˵Խֹңһ
գգۣͻȻ˵ҪɱңǲԳ֣
ħ˵ͷǵġȻ㻹ֻ𶥲ľ磬Ϊɣɱ㡣
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ǵġ
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ǵġħǰ򷨣½ܾûˡ
ãߡŵͻȻն
ħ˵ͷһʱ򣬲ϣ˻š
ǣӦ
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ţ߲ʹâеͻȻ˵㲻ҪΪǵġұ֤˵İȫȴһҪŻ
Ƕ˶ȴһ仰Ҳû˵
ħԾ˭ұ֤ܹŻ


655 Σ
ħŶˣû֪Ƿȥ˶֪֮Уֻһ
˻˭𰸺ԡ
ħǰħƬ궼ȫںϣ۷ʱڡ
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߽У̻ͿԬͺ衣
Ԭֻ˵һ仰ģǾĴ鷳ǵġ
̻˵ͷ
Ȼ󣬰λҲ˽ǿ˿Ԭͺ裬Ҳ˵һ仰սֻΪ׸ֻн

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ΪȴûжŽγɣ޷μսȻڵսҲҪμӡӷչȥħܡǻʤ
ʤΣΪҲ̾Ϣһ

һƬޡ
ûǳûɽҲûħŰ
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£ֻЩź̾ϢһԼûһϣ
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ＸħͻȻʧӰ١ȻǾ˱ը׻
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һʱȻҪͣͷų
ǿˣһʱĶ١
ǣȵħӥȫ֮Цˣ˭ʤ˭ܣ
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һΣսתѵֲסħ飬ҲֻܿͶսƽ֡
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ȻͬаգһҪ
ֻҪһûֹܹˡ
ѻӳֱͷ
ҲȷʵѶ㲻һζ㲻


656 ͬ
ĵӳûеͷ֮ʱһͻȻս£һŮͻȻͳߡ
Ůһ˻ûվȣеĽѴ
ţоǽǿһǴУܴԼ
ӳĵͻȻסȻٵһת㵲סŮӵĽ
ŮӵɳȥˤʮԶĵϡ
ʱҲӳһơһƣѶ㲻
óħ֮ѪʧֻһƻԼϡȻʲô֪ˡ
ˡĪ
˲ͷĺֻһ͵Ůǰոյһз̫ͻȻ̫죬Ůӵģûп塣
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