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ݼ飺
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1 峤
ν棬ҲУҪ죬ҪĪͨҪּĥ£ܼԦУΪáƼɽ׹ܡȻ֮·У谭ıв㻯Ϊһg
һʯһӶеĳ䲻ϵûſʯⲻͨĿʯ߱رʯǸһ峤͡
ڿϾһֱ߳ЦĶΪһɼ峤ȻЩɢһҪﵱ峤һƺҲΪЩȡЦص㣬Щ治ɫһʯ֮͵õʯ֮뿪˿󳡡
ͿԼнʣƷʯε̾˿һɼ壬ҲҲʮĴ֣Ǵ͸һѾսû䡣
ǰ͵ĸݺȥ֮Ϊӵͱִ壬һ˵ļ壡κֻһڶĲټҲǺܺãֻλ
׾ӵټƶԴͿڶˣ֮д粽δ֮͵ĵܵԵԳ֮Ϊˣ߶νȻƲʲô׿ԽҲеƫϵˣԵǰͻĲ㣬Ϊ峤߳㡣
ԵʯȥðɣͽеƷʯԵ
Եһ㶣ƷʯôģԭΪԼĸҪʯͻƵģѾˣʯİпܾܴƿ
峤ҲҪĵȥļҡβԵܵܵҲζ
ԵֵʯֳһŽվߵСŮŮˮ͵ĸ׼Ӥȴһ߶ˮˮҲҵĵλߣ̵ǣ峤Ȼ֮Ϊ͵һ
17ˮϸҲͻڶ㣬ΪһߡͿԼĵܵ΢΢һЦڵܵܵľٶеοֻˣ˶ܺúദĻҾˡ
ǡˮ˿ͣеʯҲǲҲǣ
ˮŰɣǴһ⡱Ե˵
͸Ͼ峤ˮ˵
΢΢һЦΪ峤ұҪΪǿǰǶܺúĻҵ峤ʲô˼أǵҺãҪú
ԵˮޱįıӰε̾˿ͱκ˶׳ңκοȴΪÿԺĽ游ǿʱ;;ᣬ길װҽ֮ʱҪһҪչ˺õܵܺˮȥܺˮͻƣǿڶϣǳΪҪչ˵ˡ
͸ϵĵ̫ˣˮ˵
ǸӦŬҪôաԵ΢΢һЦеʯʼ
Ȼһɼ壬ǴһܹɵҲֻͺԵֵˣˮҲֻˡ
һ˵ɼڷԲ֮ڶǵ׵ĴڣȻһɼŵѾʵˣķǴַֻǿ߲΢ʵֻںĵطӲд
̾˿ʱˣ
ԭҵĸһΪ£µһֽݵĶݿ޲ʶ˵˳һʯһļ۸չݡ
Թۼ֮أ浽Թ飬ƾʵҲͶԸһֻԹ顣ֻҪСһ㲻ԹۼĵطͲ¡
Ҳ׼룬ܲɵһ;ˡ͸ѾһˣڿڿͲɼͲǿάŵܵõԼԼѾˣλ͵õ߶ȼֱ֮
ʹһһ֮뿪ҡһ·лһʱ£
һڸһһ֮һԾ£ȻֻһڶߣѾһ˿͵ڲ˲һᣬ˳ƽе֮ϣ治ðźͲһս
ƴˣ˫΢΢һţγ˾ڵһ˵ϣ;ĿΧͲǵԹϮڽ䱸ͬ²ݵߣڳԺߵ֮ƽˡ
ȻѾܶΣͻǸСģʹǲСĲȵһؿ֦ꡱֹĵطֻҪһ˿춼ľ
⡭⡭ʯʯͿһʯͷ˹ȥ
ͽƷʯϵһһĲȥû뵽ԼֻǸոս¾ҵһʯʯŵƷʯֻҪһ¾ͿˣͽʯŽ֮͵һʱҵһƷʯˣҵһƿҩͼĿƿ΢΢һΣƿ֮
ǿյģ滹ҩȲĴƿƿ˲һ
ǾͼĴ
ʿõһֵҩֵҩ̺֮Ŵܹ֮ڵþҪʯĶࡣ
൱٣ҲǺܶ࣬Եҩļ۸һֱӸ߲£ʹ˵ľҲֲܹġһʯҪ֮Ȼܻʮʯȥһƿˡ
ȻһƿֻʣţͶԴѾˣžöԵΪٴͻƣԵΪһߵĻҲܰεĴˣ뵽ԵͰһƿս˻
;ĿΧӸոտʼ;ע⵽˸ȻûһߣȻͲϱߣΪﶼǵ׵Ĵڣһ·һû̫ˣ뵽ոɢڵϵʯ͵ҩ͵ɫʱѿ
ѵ
أͻĺһѹͻعʱѾˣԩ곯ͳ˹
곱Ȼǻ곱Ͷʱ⣬˵ÿԹͻᱩһΣԩ걼ڶʹʮҲδܹڻ곱±
ԹٶȺܿ죬Ӧʱ䶼ûоͱ곱ϯ
֨֨ԩϲϴë˵
ͻȻ֮ԩʲôֲĶһ׷ɢӣֻʣ²֪ǻ;ڵϣ
ಣֻһ͵ĵ֮УһжΪƽֻЩԩҲҿֻͣԶԶĹĳռ䴫̾Ϣ


2 
峿ĵһ⴩Ʋڶϻµ׵ʱҲ˹ãȻĿܣǵԩΧˣȻţ
˶ԩΧȻʮҲԱ˵ֻһڶĲˡĻԴҲ֪ǲԩĺ֢֮;ԼԴġ
ڸһô֮Ϣһźһ㣬Ͳȡƣ˼֮ŽƽϢ
ʯͻȻ֮ǰ񵽵ʯ͵ҩæ˻У
ãڣڣͷԼеĵҩʯڵʱɵһЩʯ͵ҩҸ˵Ĺؼʧ
ָһ㾫˳ԭ·أ֮µĳ¿һۣľԺҲµˣʵֲ̫ˡ
ͽ֪֮ĻصңŵģҳԵˮ߲͵뿪֮ûκ֪
ͽĳһµĳɢ΢âʯ΢΢һЦҪԵʯĻ֪˵ʲô
һ˵̫ɶˣԵ䲻˵
ͶԼֲܵΪƺѾ˾ռˣʱͲһ𣿾㲻ҵ峤Ҳ簡
Ҳ̫çײˣȻȥ£ѵ֪жһԵߵ˵
һ𣿲ãһ²û£õͽеľʯһ𽻸Ե
Եһ㶣һƿƿԵԵǵһμҩǾеζԵͲ֪ٱˡ
ţȷǾžһͻĲ㣬ʱҲһĸ֣͵˵ͷ
Եüͷһ壺㲻Ҫ
ҵҲ֪ҲûʲôЧɣ˷ѻǣø־ҪڵϣͻҲֻһߣһͶһôһ֪ġ˵
ž㹻ˣʣµˮˣԵƿȡžŵԼƿ֮УʣĿžСƿӸ͡
ſ²ɣ㻹ȫȥɣȰ
ˣԤԼҲҪͻˣž㹻ˡԵЦ
ڵܵܵļֻЦЦǺã㲻ĻҪԵͷҲص뿪͵ķ䣡
Ϳϻʣµһʯһ㶣ԵʣĿžһʯ
΢΢һЦȻҵ䵫Ǻֵܺһ;ԼΪĸǰ׷ˡ
ȻʣһʯҲƴǣʯ죬ʯ֮еһһĽ͵ʮ֮۵͵ĵ֮С
㣡ʮ֮ͻȻеԼֻһʯ֮еˣȻͻ˶޷ͻƵƿ
ҲʯһЧûУû뵽ȴ׾ٵͻˣʯ֮еһ˿Ϊѹյһݣ
ɹͻڵҲ׳˲٣Ҳ߱ӵͻǵһοԼڲǿڵ֮лĻɫʱһ˵иС
ףڵ֮зһֵĶһԲĹĵĶ벻ϵת֮еΪ
֮ôֶ͵ʶԲ鿿ʱͻȻһ͵ʶ˽ȥ
ʹ󾪣ʶߵ֮أʶɰ׳գɥ
Ԥеûг֣͵ʶȻ𣬶ͷԼҲһֵĵطһƬߣµؾȻݲֵĵطתһȦȻûзκ
ͷֻԼһطǿõģĵطǺɵģڰ֮ƺ;úΣյĶ͸ոĽ˻
ôͻȻģ૵
ͿżӽµĺأߺƺͨЩȻ
ӵ˵ˣûһתڵȻϴһ˿˿ޱȵĴȸոյʯ֮еҪ֣
ʹϲЩĻ;͵ڶһ͵ĿԺҲΪ˼Ʒʯۻˡ
ͼæץ˼·֮У׼Щӣͷִ֮ôҲطˣ
ε̾˿еȫ˳һͱ뿪硣
ͷӦʱԭڵ֮еԲʱѾƮ˿У漴Ϊһһν͵ĵ֮С͵ԺҲͻȻһ˿ϢȡһϢͲ֪Բ飬ҲֻõϢ֮ϢƺΪƻˣ͸޷ȡ
飬ģӦһƷɣҲƷҲ˵أ̵˵
ͽʣµĿžպ֮߳˷ţټֻ˾ססڶ棬Եס棬ˮס棡ÿ춼Ҫ֮ģһҲһ棬ҲȫϹܼڴ
ˮ𣿡ʵ
ˣˮš
㣡ͽеװоƿӽˮ
ɸ磬ѾˣˣˮЦЦ˵
һƿΪǣǵҩԵģЦ
ҩˮһ㶡ҵ״ҲȻǴ֮ңҲֻԷ˵һȫһףʯȥ򹤻ģôҩأ
͸㲻ҪЦˡˮ˾˵
˭ƭˣǵҩǾԵһõ˰˿ţԼţţʣµĿŶ㣡˵
ģˮŽɵİοƿ
Ǿƿɢζˮһ
ûƭɣĿžӦÿ԰ͻƵĲģҸշһͻˣЦ
͸ͻˣ̫ˣԵ֪һܸ˵ģˮЦ
ҲɣúҾͲˣЦ
ţõĿžˮص˷俪ʼ
ͽȫͳ֮صԼһ͵֮Уͽ֮㿪ʼĺоۼŴЧʯ٣Ҫʤ֮


3 ֮
һҹĴ͹ΪڵҲԽľ
һҹĹԵֵϹȥһĿ๤ˣھʱصʯһ㣬ʽ˵һ׵ˣһЩҲộʯˣΪʵ̫ˣһϵĲ㣡
ϧˣЩܴ飬ԵˮҲĻҿֻһʮĴˣ΢΢̾һ
֮оλԵˮ߶ʲ֪Ҫöٱ
˳ԪͱԺϰһὣڼҵ䣬湦ûȻһߵķᡣڵҲֻܱʹá
үѾ׼ˣϹܼ˵
ţϾԵˮҲɣ˵
Ϲܼҵ˵ͷϾȥ
ϹܼҺܿͰԵˮ͵ԺԵĿͣʲô飿
ڵܵܵĲԵѾϰҲûзϣûʲôҪ飬ֻһǵ
ģ㻹ǹܺԼɣȻͣʮ֮ãԵ˵
͸ģҵĿžһúʹõģȡͻƣˮһͳܼæ˵ע
ţǾͺãڵҲ׳һ㣡͵˵ͷ
ˮȥԵüͷ塣
Ե硭
ȥԵͻȻȵ
Եˣˮʲô𣡡ͳԵе
ˮȥԵһκ
Ŷˮ˵ҲֻһŮӣԵôһжίˣ
ˮ뿪Ժ֮ԵһĿžˮ
ǰôˣһ㶡ѵ֪˾ͿͻԼΪʲôһšԵ΢΢һЦԭΪ°㿴Ҳͻʯ;Ҫ˷Ѿˣ
ģͻˣԵϲĿ͡
ˣȻѾͻˣҲûҪôĻˣȥˮǸôһŮӣһܣЦ
ȥԵҲʶ˸ոԼΪ׷˳ȥεĿԼĵܵܣԵ̫嶯ˣ׼ԵȴͻȻı⣬ԵͻС³嶯Եֺ֪öһЩľٶ
;ʱȵʵʱٸԵ
õأҲץһпõʱ֮ǰһиˣԭһƬŵ龹Ȼһص̲ݡڵĺҲ˲٣ԭʮƽڵƽͼǵüʱ֮ǰ鲻ӵģͰһӲݵʱͨͨӲ֮оȻҲһ˿ǳϡ٣ʹŪһҲûж
֣ЩֻͨӲݣܻİͿһصӲüͷ
ȥҲ벻ֻͨգҲֻǶһɫ֮ڲôˣ˵ĸоҲһ㡣
ڲݵϿʼתڵһתΧͷӿڣת뵤֮У
ֻһʱ;;Լڵʵ˲١ڲݵϴںϴЧǲһģڲݵϴ׾ۼЩӲƺԽۼںеһ;Ƿ´½һ㣬Ȼֻһĸı䣬ǶҪʵ˵ʹһҲܿɹ
ʮʱ֮͵ĶѾڿˣֱӹʱͲʶԼѾһûгԶˡȻߵǻûеٹȵĲΣҲҪͨһ
ʱѾҹȫ˯ˣҪҵԵĶҲҲֻ֮ܵ˵ˮһ¡
ǵԼ͸ɴһƻԼķУҵĳ˼֮;֮Сû뵽ǣԼǽƻеĹ˳ͷԼζû뵽飡
ƻһؾȻѿˣͳһŴȥʱƻϾͽƻ
⡭ؾȻдѹ͹Ц
û뵽黹Ϊ˱ͲһƻڻȻһת֮ͱ뿪飬ǸƻȻ͵ĻУ
ƺֻǸܴ飡
ʹҩ֮ʮɽδ֮У˺֮С;뿴Ĵǲ棡
˰ʱ֮ɽβûԵı仯ֻε̾˿Լȷ̫̰ˣӵ޾Ĵĺһ㹻ˡ
Ҳ˴ҩ뷨ڲݵϴȡ֮еҲ붨ʱ֮ɽξƤһȥԭԴֻƵƤ·һ㣬ԭɱɽξȻ񣬾ӤƤһ㣬ڹȥʱ֮ɽεĶƬҶӣʱ֮ƬҶһ䵭ɫĻʱ֮󻨰ţٹȥʱˣһĴָǴС˵ѿ
ʹ붨֮ʱ߾ȻɽΣǴ໹Ǵҩ϶֮ǰɽܱȵġ
⡭ǰɽΣ;е
µɽͨ徧Өͷһĺ룡
ҩİ֮ǰûκôǹ˰֮Ͳһˣ˲ֻҪһƺͻĳָı䣬ϵ˲οΪֵܶҩҩġ
˵õľҩϵ˲Σ
ǰϵ˲ôҵģãڻϺҵϵ˲ˣƾһҵ˲ΣʹĲҲңڵľŻô
ͳȵĿеɽΣɽξܻȡʯʱͿԸԵˮľҵҲ׾ˡ
ʹ֮ͽɽδ飬нɽװֹҩԵţȻúڲŹ˼ϣ֪뿪ҡ
һεĿĵƾҵľУ添УŸȥһΣҲûԼлȥǸطûԼȥ


4 ľ
㻨ʱһ·У֮ǰϵľС
ûзı׶ˣһһķֻƷʵľҲһʱڵ
ϵİһ̤ľС
ոֻ֮ǵ̯λҲ͵£һһ̯λĿȥͿ˺ܶԼҪĶɬҲֻܿˡ
һƿȻҪʯҲֻʮöÿһöҪʯ
ĸ߼ֻεҡҡͷһ̯λͻ˴ķ䣬һһʮŵȴҪʮƷʯ֮лģҩģֻҪĳĶﶼеȻǰܸ㹻ʯ
ڷתһȦ֮ѡһȽϴĵ̵̣дš򱦸󡱡־;ôһ򱦸һСߵ͵ǰλ͹Ҫʲô򱦸ӦоС
͵˵ͷҪҩ
С˵˵ͷõģֻϵҩݹ͵Ļǲյģ
ģݾԹ˵
õģ϶¥ר˼ҩݣС˽˶¥
УʲôöһתͷС˾͵
λѣҪҩ𣿡һ΢׵ʵ
ǰͶ߹һ
ߵ˵ͷҩóɣҲϷһݡ
ͼæϵİезŵߵǰ߿;Ȼðװҩ̲סüͷǲû˵ʲô
һеʱ۾Բˣ漴иҩõģ
һ£ҲʶԼҩʵ̫çײˣԼڲ֪ɽξݵ¾óҪ˴Ļƾ߸͵סһʱ֮Ҳ벻ʲôõɡ
зֵġӲͷƤ˵
зֵģ߶һ£͵Ҳ൱Ĺ졣
﷢ֵİ߼ʵ
ô򱦸Ҫ𣿡ͻȻߵ
򱦸߲ܣֻǵĶʵ̫ˣҩҩڿǺĺܰ߹Ц
ôÿ쿪۰ɣﲻյĻȥ𴦣Ͳͷ˵
ѱ𼱣ǧҩֶô᲻Ҫһ֮ҲҩˣһĻҳǧƷʯָ˵
ǧʯ;е
Ǿǧ٣ͷһμӼۡ
ɵɵĿеУû뵽ҩȻôֵǮȻɽλһüǮû뵽ߵزãȻе˵ͷ¶һ˿ĵǺܿ
ǧٿƷʯպãߴͳһӷ͵ǰ
ǧٿƷʯôһ㣿ͿֻаƴСĴʵ
סˣû뵽;ȻʶǴСҲмʮǧٿʯ㹻ˣ
ֶô棡ôãͺʵ
ʶ򿪣ȻҪóĶˣĵؽţϵı֮ɫԽԽأȴߺܺõ
ʶ򿪴֮ȻдʯһһƷʯͳУͺĿССĴķ˺ܶࡣ
ⴢԭҲҪһʯأڵѳҩķϣ͸ˣ΢΢Ц
ģлˣͽԼ֮С˵뿪򱦸
һ򱦸ߵͳҩôֱʣһôӵ֮ǿҲʲôļƵˣʶװδҲװ̫ˡ
ɵ߳С˵
ǣСԶԶĵ͵š
һ򱦸ֱУ֮жǧʯҲͶһ˿ǧʯҲͻӻˡ
̯λʮƿҲûɵȫһ̯λһôǸ߱Ǯ
ÿ̯λƿһӾͻȥٿʯȻòЩԵˮȴõĵЩΪԵˮ׼ġ
ʮϵֻȥһʮʯ
ʱʱĿһ±󣬴Ӹոտʼ;Ͳһʶɨɨȥģ򱦸֮ݾͲˣԴֻһ
ǸͷİҵʲôˣЦһ
ȻϵļʶȷٵĿҲװģҲȷǲֶ֪Ǽʶٲǰ׳գ֮Դæ뿪򱦸ڵ̯ΪľƿطΧ
ͺ֮ڳԺǺ飬˭Ҳ׼һͷ᲻
ͷҲһɳһ˵ΪƺôߣҲ£ȻʶҲᱻ׵ķˡ
ҵͨĴ󣡡һ
ͷˣڵĺṩһʶãͲ֪Լʶ൱㣬Ҫǿһ㣬ôһԭΪһλ׼ģ
ͽս˴֮УŷУ֪һ֮Ⱥ֮У
ĲȺһɲǣʶͻȻˣϢ֮һʶһͣԷΪԼĺأⲻ֪һз·͵Ƥӵһ㡣
Ӧȥһ૵
󣡡΢΢һЦ΢ͷ˿ں
Ҫʲô
Ϳ˿ڼϵķѡһ
͹ˣľ۷ã͹ҪʲôķСʵ
ͷͺԥ˵Ҳ֪ʲôʱͿʼнͷˣÿ߶һѽͷȻҲף
ԵȣСӹ̨֮óѷ
ˮͺɰڵػ֮ʮ죬渽һ󣬿Է۸Ʒʯ
ƽͻʯƶɣһǽ۸Ʒʯ
Ͻ𽣣ͭƶɣ޼᲻ݣ۸Ʒʯ
ͿɢŲͬâķˮ𣬽÷ԵˮжûзȥҲһѡ
ȫҪˣ΢΢һЦ
ȫҪˣǿһǧٿƷʯС˾е
ѷȫҪˣһǧٿʯһӾͿٿʯ
СҡҡͷûȨģٿƷʯҼĹˣ
ĳ˵ȻͻǮִŵǶǻ˵ϣʡĵطʡ
ѷһǧʮʯһͻȻ¥ϴ
ɽʹӴóһǧʮʯϵѷս˴
͹ߣ


5 
ǧٿʯܶ࣬ʵǧٿʯҲ򲻵ٶֻ˼ʮƿѷټϼ侹ȻȥһǧŰʮʯ
Ͳò̾׬ʯļǰĻ˵һǧʯˣһٿʮƷʯҲòһȥ˽ǧʯʹĶѪˣ
ͻȻһ̯λдųҩһϾͲõҩˣ仨ǮҩԸ㣬Ĵͽ֮ҩѧϰԼһ԰Ѷĵҩۡ
ھǹӦͽԼƳĵҩ۵ĻʯԴҲˣʱҲô׾ˡ
һ¸֮·Ͳû˷ܹͷĿһۣһ֮ǰƺҪѺ
ߵ̯λ֮ǰ̯λһŮʿһԵúܿɰ
ҪʲôŮʿһԵڵʵ
뿴ҩ˵
뿴оĵԪĵԪĵҼ۸ҲܱˣŮʿ˵
ܺҽһ𣿡͵˵ʵ˾ĵʣµûҲֵ֪ҩʲôô
УҲˣҵ֮˱رĵҩԴʡǵʱ䡣Ԫֵҩǻָĵģһ˶ʱľ£һŻԪŤתսֵáԪǳ˹Ԫõҩʣͨ磬ΪԺдûԪµҲЧŮʿ꾡
͵˵ͷŵǲ֪۸񼸺Σ
200ƷʯԪ500ƷʯԪ120ƷʯŮʿ˵
ֻҡҡͷԪĵãǻԪĵȻٿƷʯֻʣʮʯҪŵȫԲܡ
ŵãԪ˶ʱռһƣԪǿڵͨ磬˵Ҳô˴ûгԹԪڵʣȻ±룬ټǵ͵Ŀʣ⡣
һݾĵһԪĵɣ΢΢̾˿˵
õģһٶʮƷʯŮʿЦ
ʹӴóٶʮʯŮʿϣŴ֮нʣĶʮʯԽľʵʯġ
ҪЩҪɣһⲻ֪벻ҪŮʿʯ֮Це˵
ʯʵ
࣬ٿʯŮʿЦ
ٿʯüͷҲֻżٶʮʯˣȥٿʯĻֻʣ¶ʮʯˣǧҩǮȻת֮ͻˣǼȻҪͱҪеĸһҲߺܶ·ҧҧͳٿʯ
ӽ֮ϵʯҲĲˣȻеźͶѾˣֻʮɽΰˣֶڷ˵ҲֻǼӵˣ˵ʲô㲻ϣ
߳ľ֮ڽŷ䣬ֻһ͵ٶ˲˺üת֮ܵ˼֮⣬ַԼӶٶȡ
Ȼһֱͺһ㶣漴ʶʼֻһߣʶżʮװˡľй涨ڷ֮вܴ򶷣;һľ֮͸ɵû뵽;Ȼܵô죬һӾͲӰˡʶϵڸľҲԽԽԶ
ʱѾ˸֮УѾŷ䣬סһһĿƺҲΣվԭؿصķ򣺡֣
ȥɣΪѾеŷ˲ȥ򣬱˲佫ûˣҽжͱճһѽ̿
ΨһֱеĻƽĿ½Դ˿˵ϣƽȻһƷҲֻһߣһӾͱһ룡ټ͵һκ˶еţ
Ȼɱ˵ûһ㸺ǼٵģϾһ͵ĸ״Сͽͣ飬ɱҾɱ㣬ʵôĹȷ˻Ҫ
ǿվѳһһڶһĶһһķһһ͵ķ֮ǰСһͷĻ͵ķҲδ˵ĵ
滹ƿһƿԪƿԪʣµľһٶƷʯˡû뵽ԼȻϵõһƿԪһƿԪʮţóƿԪҲܱƿڶûпⶼͣͽ֮еĶȫתԼĴ֮УĴҲ䡣
ɱԽȻǷƵ÷ѹ߶ϲе͸̾һ֮뿪ط
ոյĴ򶷺п˷֮ߵע⣬һͶһΣգڽ֮ͣĻصҡȥʱʱȴֻ˰ʱϴһ֮󽫴е˳ԵĶһ飬֮εĿЦһ
ԭɲô򵥣ҪлɲǷ𣬱۳ΪڵĻͲȻҲûнİ취ûڵĻͿʹõػЧڵҲһģֻ緢ػĵطϡ٣ҲֻЩһЩɲŻӵеػֶҪһ¯ͬûУҩȱĶ滹˵ĳɹʵ⣬ĳɹһʮ¯һ¯ʮ¯¯֮䣬ḻʦҲܽɹʿƵʮ¯¯Ҳǵҩļ۸һֱӸ߲µԭ֮һ
΢΢̾˿ƺҪˣʹϵõƿԪȻͻһľСͽƿԪóƿϡ
ˮԵǽɣ˵


6 һ
Եˮ֮ѾԼʮƿϣͿŴ֮еԵˮ΢΢һЦŸʲô㶯ְ
磬ȷװǾԵʵ
ϻǾѵǹһݣһжأԵЦ
Եһƿ澹ȻǾƿʮƿҲƲסԼЦˮ㱻Եŵ̲סԵһѣӦԵæ͵涼Ǿôöʱˣ
ѽˮһϲæһƿ
ͿԼĵЦЦ𼱣Щǵġ⻹ѷϽǸԵģˮˮģʹӴ֮ó˶Ͻ𽣺ˮԵˮ
ԵеҲѹԵô𾪣ļ۸ǹףճôܻӵзϡƷءһһԳѣ
ˮҲǴĿеˮԼôɵ̲סЦѽƿԪҲȥɣܹȥʣͨ磬ҲǴ洦ģ
Ѿ̫ˣʹԵˮѾʧȥ˼ûôŪЩģѹʱѾԼˣмôĶûʲôӡˣ
Եˮ֮;ͽ֮Уڽһ˲ͷ֮ѾǴˣɽҲ꣬һɽΣһҵģٵҡ
ڲݵϽһöԪڿ֮;Ϳʼתʮ֮ԪҩЧȫ͵֮У͵ðһɢŶ״Һ壡
ЩĵĶ̾˿ѹ֮Ͳôڻôʣյõһݾ㲻ˣ
ʹһͰˮϵۻϴ֮嶼˲٣һöԪҩڳʮʣָоֻ˵֮ǰʵ̫ˣÿһδẬһԪÿһδ֮϶ִۻ࣬ŷôϵۻԽԽ٣ٶҲԽԽ졣
ȥһ£ڽԼڵ壬һ֮ڵɽεҲӵʮ꣬ߵң͵Ҳʮ꣬һµĹ۲Ҳһ֮һǧңҴ꣬һʼ֮еɽεȻġ
ÿһɽ٣ڰǰѾƽҡȻɽε˲ٵȴûһʮɽҲװŽ˴֮Сһεľ֮Ͳ׵ĽЩݵ˲ȥݵ˲ⶫʵ̫ˣҪñ֪ôĸҩĻҿ»֣֮
ʶһɨҵ֮У֮һΪûôǵʶ˲٣ʶʮɶڻ£Եķ籡ȻͻƵף
ԵͲԪ׽ϴʹĸͻȻˮɡ
ˮǱҲͬԵˮ˫˫ͻο
ͽеַ֮˴ĽЩǲɢؼң׼ʽ̤ǰ;δЩͨҲһ׸е֮ͱӴóݵ˲ˮ
ͻˣ΢΢һЦ
磬ͻˣԵ߿ŹЦ
֪ˣˮɣº˵Ե˵ͷ
͸Ե磬ͻˣˮЦ˵
͵˵ͷָ˲ȥɡ
⡭˲λָܲܲһ˲ʵ
ݵ˲ΣǸովԪ׽ϴ裬ڼûʲôʣٳĻֻ¶ѻʣԺÿֻܺ˲͵˵
ȣˮʹе
ûȣҪԵ׵ĶҲûлˣѾӶ˾ɢеʳȫˣ΢΢һЦ
磬Ҳ̫˰ɣԵ˵
ΪǺãˣ˵
ŶԵһ˲ȥˮҲѧһ˲һҲҿߣڳˣͨ˺°˲ĻѪˣ
Ǿʣ¶٣
ﻹʮƿԵ˵
һʮƿ
ӦùһˣȫͻƣԵҾΪߣҾʱˣ
ңҪȥԵһ㶡
ţʮϵ˲ΣԺȡͽ˲εĴԵ
ʲôʱֶˣһ㶡
ģЩ㶼ܣξǺúиǵķҲúϰһ¡˵
ýĽ֮ͱ뿪ң͵Ŀľǽ֮еİݵҩɵҩǾͻԪҪһֵҩٹȵ
ûдﵽٹȽ׶ε߱رһֵҩ
һٹȵһ¶óԶͬʱڵʡ
ľѾȥˣֻȥԶķСǱļûжིҩĺϸһҳע˼еλáȻͻ治֪ľлбķС
֮ããɽ֮С
Ե͸˺ܶࣿˮʵ
Ǳ˺ܶ࣬ǵĸ硣Ե΢΢һЦ
ããȺɽ֮дŴޣЩ޶˵첻ʲôвΪԷһ͵ʶǲϵڸɨɨȥԲʮ֮ȫ͵ƿ֮С
ͣһն˴ߵͷ­һжʮ׳֮ҲǰĴڣ͵ȴǲһתһɲ͵Ľһζһߵͷ­˵棡
һޣﾹȻһޣһеȫһ̣
ߵͷ­ðһ˿֮Ӧϣ
һ޵ķȻͽ֮˸ϡͿһŻüͷ˭Ҳû뵽ﾹȻһͷһޣȻһͷһƷ޵Ҳ㹻ͷʹˡ
ȥһתһͳ˴ߣƺҲܵ˻ϵһ˵ص¡


7 
һƷ൱ĲңսȫôˣһƷ޵ļ̶ֳȫ͵󣬶һͷƺ׼ͣӶݶĸں棬ֻҪһ÷ͷ£װ˷ŷ䡣
Ҳʶȥǰ취ľܹʮ䣬ˮϱǹԷ䣬ǸԷ䣬ˮǷͷ䣬޾һʱ;ͺķŻűȴ޵Ƥû
ֻ֮óƽڶûƽҪĴ򲻵ѵǲ붯ûƽģԸΥûͳϰ湦͸Ͳ֮սһͷһƷ޾ͰƵ·µţ
͵ֻʹһλƽҲζֻһγֻᣬһľ
𣡡ûзźͳߵٶȼת֮Ѿ嵽͵ǰһһŻֱӻߵţ
𣡡е߷ǰһײ
͵ɽǰͻȻһ⵲סߵײǽ漴ѣһŽҲ˷ֽ
ȥõͻӶеĻƽһɫĽâ̽ߵͷ­
𣡡ƽе߲ŤҪƽ˦òץסôôưոݣ
ͲϵĽעƽ֮УϵĻƻΪһ治˿ߵͷ­
˫㽩һӣߵͷ­˽̿ͣ
ʹŴһͷһƷޣϲлƽͷĻһľˡ
»ָһ֮ͷߵƤߵߵ˳һƷһǱȻŹʹҲûзŹгһζ֮Ž˴֮Уڸ߽ʵʱͻķ֣һͷ߾ȻĸģĶ֮оȻŵ
֮һǺܻӭĶһЩרԦ޵ɣһƷ޵ȻʲôĶȴǺܻӭĶҲû뵽ԼȻôá
ʶ̽һŵŵ󣬵˷нŵȥһ롣
֮ͻռƿ޵ѪҺ޵ѪҺҲôһЩ޵ѪҺƵģʱҲõ޵ѪҺ
ǻ뾡һа취õĶռЩڿʱЩ˴ţʱѧġ
õĶȫŽ֮Ͳһ̣һ·ͻ٣ƾζҩеһζȻٵݵһֻжʮңĴҲںһˣ֮к͵Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
ȻûȽϵҩľҲʡԺһһȥˡͣͣȥ˰ҵȺɽ֮е߷УҪľдĶ࣬ڷſڻһ󷨣ֻ߲ܿóĲͬҲ˷
ͽһƷʯ֮˷УľвͬлҪһƷʯ׽нҪǮࡣһ뷻;ͱǰľŵˣһаֱһľкȼֱһһ㣬ﲻи̯λ̣
һоǳģе˲ݻ϶ңĽ׵Ļױ˸ϣʵĻͲһˣҲ뵽׵İ취
ѡһСĵط˽ȥսŮʿкͣҪǼۣ
˳㿴ʲôö˵
룡λŮʿݸһʹϣƺܹʶ̽⣬ĳ̶ֳҲǱ֤ߵİȫϾ˭Ҳ뻨ؽ˱ȴ·˴١
λŮʿʹһ֮ת뿪ں֮ͻȻһСڣͽ֮װİݵ˲ε˹ȥ
İݵ˲Σ洫һ
֪۸񼸺Σʵ
ͨĽ׵Ļİݵļ۸Լڰ˰ʯңĻпܻĵһǧʯҽ齫ĵ׼۶ٿƷʯ˳
ͽöҲȥ
ѵĽȻѶŪöһĻӦĵİƷʯĵ׼۽һʮƷʯ
͵˵ͷͰ˵ļ۸ɣİݵҩʮ꣬ݵ꣡
ʲôѾȻôݵҩԷȻǱеҩŵˣ
֮ܵõƷʯ
һİݵ˲ܵõһǧʯң˵Ļ۸»ӦÿԵõŰʯݵ˲εļ۸һǧٿƷʯмУԵѲصļ۸⡣һԵõǧ˰ٿʯԷܿͼѶĴż۸
ţͽˣҲҪμ˵
õģķ䣡Էݹһдţ
ĸɾȻôֱʣһӳֶʮİϵҩǻԪһҪŪôҩҲѶȰɣӵһһ૵ǳĹ涨ʹҲ̽˵ݣ
֮ʶΧȷûʲô˼֮ŰĵỹʱŻῪʼҲţʶ֮Уʱ֮ѾǴˣ˲λм٣ڽٵĹϵһ߰ٶƽҲ˲٣ЧþҪǿϼ
ʱ˵һգ۵ĹˡܿһŮ޴毺õą̊́µĻλŮƺֻ΢΢һЦڴлλ͹⣬ƷԻô⣡
ԽԽƯˣ̨µһ߹Ц
лλѵ̧ȽܵһƷһƷߵѣ׼һʮƷʯÿμӼ۲õƷʯ
û뵽ԼѾȻǵһƷһ㶼ǽƷҲζ͵ѾȻƷֵǮĶ
һʮƷʯ
һʮƷʯ

ѵļ۸Ҳһ·ٰʮƷʯļ۸ɽˣԤƵļ۸ֻǲ˶ʮƷʯˣ
һƷһһзٶҪߵķɽϲ٣Ǹ·ǲѡڴһһ˵編һ鷨ٶȵͬʱġ׼߰ٿƷʯÿμӼ۲õʮƷʯ


8 
෨֮һܻӭһƷзҲǲķˣ߰ʯĵ׼ҲǺףһ۾кܶʿ౨ۣ
߰һʮʯ
߰ٶʮʯ
߰ʮʯ

һǧٿʯ̨µʿúı۸񣡶Щֻ̨µʿ˵һóǧʯȷҪܴЩʿϵʯĿᳬٿģ
һǧٿʯһǧٿʯûиߵģ̨Ϻ
һǧʯһΣ
һǧʯΣ
һǧʯΣ
ɽ͹λˣЦ
õʿԱ˺̨ʯ֮뿪
Ȼе˼ǻûеɵĵزοҲֲ֧˶ãҪЩƷعҲҪ߲ңͶڷĿôǿˣٺҲҪ㹻Ϊȥʹ
һҩ٣׼İʯÿμӼ۲õʮʯҩеһζĽƵĳɹһأҪĸλѿɲҪŶЦ
ۣƷͲĲˮȥֻһҵĽپȻҲҪİʯݾȻҲ˵Ǹߣ
ĽٶϡҩĻô֮гƬݵĽʲô
Ϳ۲˿ۣɲ˶ıģһЩʮʿѰһҲδܽζҩ룬һݵĽûɴ
ʯ
ʮʯ
ͿЩ̨µʿļӼεҡҡͷ̨µʿֺŷʿҲʼۡ
һݵĽٵļ۸Ҳһ·ˮǴߣȻ쭵һǧٿʯ
һݵĽٵļ۸ԶԶֵ۸񣬵ǾΪζҩ֮һʹļ۸ڽ
ڵͻڳΪһڵǿߣǿݶԺˣϾҲֻһЩɵŲǿߡһöͿԸıǵˣԽһĽҲ˵ķ
һǧٿʯûиߵģ
һǧٿʯһΣ
һǧٿʯΣ
һǧٿʯΣ
ɽپ͹ֶĺŷĵã˵
ӽٿʼͿƷҩ֮ĶͶЩҩʵûȤҲЩݲǺܸߵҩҪĻֻҪһЩҩӻͿˣӺļ۸ҪЩҩ͵öĶ࣡
֮ͱϵϢ֮м¼ϢһֹߣȻǵһ򣬵ûԹܿܣ÷ͻһ˽ġ
ʶһ֮дϢӿ͵Ĵ֮У̻˽õģصĴһЩºͷ飬һ߸ͲעЩЩ˵ȴǷǳõϢ
ͺӴΨһõϢҲһЩڿϴ򹤵ߵ̸˵Ͷ֪ǼȵȱöΪֲһ㣡
ڱ˻ƴӼ۵ʱǳ֮С
֪֮гҲѾȥ룡ϵЦûͣһĳɹܲҩ˲Ƶļ۸񣬵ҲܵõӶ
ƷǽѹƷ֮һϵŪⱾŪǴӹʿżзֵģеļȷΪƷеļʦ󵨲²ⱾŪǴ洦ĸλʦ־ڳΪʦĵѿǧҪˣ׼ǧʯÿμӼ۲õһʯһöɫ˵
ǧƷʯĵ׼۵ʱ̨µʿ̲סһǧƷʯͲܹõóģʹֺŷʿҲεҡҡͷǧʯĵ׼ѾǵĳܷΧ
λŲҲǺнģʿĲΪǰλ̨µȵģһûʵûʿһ㶼һЩޣΪҲ㣡
ֺŷһ㶼СңһһЩĺĳԱɵŵӡ
ֺŷһЩӵдƸʵ˵ĴڣһһЩļеĳˣ
ֺŷݵĳʵʸȥģѹҲֻԵֺŷֺŷе߰ˣ
ǧʯĺŷȱۣһӾ̧ʯ
ǧʯŷҲʾ
ǧ˰ʯ
ǧʯ

һʯĺŷͻȻ˱ۣҼ۸Ȼһʯ۸ʹǾþɳһʱҲûзӦ
ĺŵĵ˵һ飬Ƕʯʵ
һƷʯ
ĺŵĵѳһƷʯһƷʯûиߵģûиߵģһƷʯһΣһƷʯڶΣһƷʯΣɽⱾŪ͹ĺŵĵã
үôʯⱾҪǱү֪ˡĺŷһߵǵ˵
ʲôүĽݼҵĶӣԺĽݼҶҵģֻǻһʯˣǲ˵ʲôģ
˵ү֮ˣľһùĽݼҵģԪȻǱүҪһʦģⱾŪʺϱүһ§һŮޣֲŮ¶а֮ɫߵ
үһҪһƷģΪһһʯ»Ӱ쵽һƷ˵
ʲôһεǧƷʯȥһƷʯʣµǧʯҲ㹻Ǽˣں˵
λѣλѣһĻҲһ֮ҲֻܿһΣʹҿҲĶѰҲĻҲ᲻һеˣ˵
ӣʲǫ̂ʵ
λ뿴ˣƿһ첼
˻ƿ첼һ˲߶̲סһΨһ¾ˣ
ŶֵҵĶ𣿾Ȼѡ֮жҲͿ̨һѵ˲Ц
İݵ˲ʮ꣬ݵ˲꣡ĺ


9 Ʒ
᳡˲ˣʹֺŷеļʿ̲סվ˫Ķ̨ϵ˲Σ
ϵҩѾܺˣ˵İݺݵˣ
˲ҩƵҩʱٵĶõһ㣬Ҫһ˲Ҳҩеһζݵ˲ȫĳɹһء
׼ʯÿμӼ۲õʯĺ
ĻոŷоȲıۣǧʯ
ЦеĿŷ䣬ǳļ۸Խ;Խˣ
ǧʯŷҲʾһԼǧʯ
ǧʯ
ǧʯ
ʯ
ʮ˲εļ۸һ·ˮǴߣȻͻʯأ
ǧʯ˺ŷһ޷󼰵ĸ߼֮˳Ľʮ˲У
ǧʯ֮ǰԤƵĻҪ߳һʯջͷǳ⣡
һ۸ҲǷǳ⣬ϾǺЩƷļ۸ϢϢصģЩƷȥļ۸ԽõɾԽ࣬һ˲εɾǼٿʯˣֵ֮ǰƷܺˣ
С㣬ǧʯǲ̫һ㣬Щ˲εļֵҲңС໨һǧʯ˺ŷһ˵
޷ʯ˻׬ҩǲסҪˡд
ҪС㾺һģСϵʯΪѵ
һƷعƶҪʯң㾡ҲδƷʲôò¶ҰٲŸõĶ⼸ʮƳʱҰٲŽһԾΪݵһɣŮ˵
ɶ񣡰ٲŵǸѾͷȻҺ£һŷһߵ
ǮϢŭǮϢŭǵĿһЩҩʧȥҲûʲô˵ģһߵǰͷ˵
ˣ㶮ʲôǮһƾͰת˼Ȧ
ݵҩݼôݵҩһԪһôܴٲţٲţͻ֮վ֮ʱǮߵ
˴һҲǱѹ֮һЩҲ֪ƷϢˣ΢΢һЦһ֮óһƣ
Ʒʶ˳
ƷȻóƷ
ƷҲô
ҲǲĿϵĶƣɢһͲǷƷҲǵһμƷ˵ƷǷ֮ǿķ
ΪƷƷƷڴ˵еļƷûΪֶĴڡ
ӵһƷѾǺѵõˣ˵һƷˣӵзҲǼˣһǵ֮һţ
Ʒ۶ܣһλתбļ۶ƷԵеĹƷֺ׼ʯÿμӼ۲õһǧʯ˵
ʯۼʹֺŷеʿҲδõóһʱ᳡˳Ĭ֮У
һǧʯһŷеǮϺ
˱һ۶ĵĻʲôҲòˣֻҪ˳۾ͺã
һŷĵѳһǧʯûиߵģһǧʯһΣ
һǧʯΣ
ǧʯŷеʿ
ڣҪһԪһԣǮϺ֮мʹ᳡һ
ǮϴԲӣ߾֮ԪһûôĶͱô࣬ҲҵСɺȵŷеʿߵ
ҵҪ⼸ΪǲǮһϵ˲ŷ
λѣأһ˲Ǯϵ㱻ѹ
;ȵĿһĻǮһڵĸ֣֮оȻܹϢסһڸֵĴڣ
ϷʧˣȻҪһԪһڷ㵽ףǮһ
ǧʯǮϺ
ԪһڹȻǼҴҵǧʯк
ǧʯǮߵ
ǧʯټһö۳޵ѣóһöѽԱ
۳ޣ֮ʮʿֵǧʯ˵
ɽׯһǧʯûиߵģһǧʯһΣһǧʯΣһǧʯΣ
ɽ۶ܾ͹ɽׯУ˵
ǮѳˣйЦ
ʱǮϵϵĺβˣԪһڵıص֮ﵫȴɽׯһţҲֻǧʯ˭뵽ɽׯȻóһö۳޵ѡ
ɽׯǺôֱʣƷʯǺôֱʰǮߵ
ǮпյĻȥɽׯһһ֮꣡Ц
ˣæûеزǮһ뿪
ͿǿεҡҡͷԪһںɽׯݵĴɣƺôѺãâģһкѾûжĹϵˣ֮Ҳ
εĶһǧʯ۳ٷ֮ãҲõǧʮƷʯôʯһżʮĻˣ𿴻ԪһںɽׯʯʵѾǶŶĻ
ָ˶ӵмʯʿݶټĺܣ⼸ʯĳɱҲһ꼸ʮ˲ΰˣ
ҲԼҩʮΣյ飬вͿܱ˶ϡһεջͺ⣬֮ǲᶵҩˣ
𣿡ĺŷе꿴͵ıӰߵ
ոհүķԸҶŻ᳡ˣѰҲȷдҩζζֻнӴ˴߼ҩŻСߵ˵ͷ˵
ܺãڻ᳡涵ô߼ҩľˣҰѰĻıӹȥˣһ
Ѱһޣ֮ĶرУʿ֮Ǻܻӭޣϡټ۸ҲƫߣмСЩʿĲ׽ѰҲԽԽ٣Ҳôֻˣû뵽оȻһֻѰ
ţüͷһ壬Ȼֻһ˲䵫ոȷʵܵһʶ


10 ޻
һεľ֮Ͷʶ̽һرУͺ֮ʱײĴڣ˭һţвͻɱ֮
صɽ֮תƣȷû˸֮һŵĲŷ
Ҳ˰ɡ̾˿˵
һҪĶܶ࣬ǾľҲֻԵˮһµöˣľȥ
ǵһ̫ľ̫עĿˣѡ˷ķʽһ̯λƿȻٵһ̯λƿɽй󣬶ҾҲʿ֮ÿ̯λ϶ôһƿͺľٶƿЩ㹻Եˮˡ
ԵˮͲЩҩĸĻٶȿ϶ӣ
ôľҲȥǧƷʯͻʮķ䣬ֽ׶˵õѡˡ
̯λ͹ʮƿٹȵٹȵļ۸Աһ㣬һƿҲֻҪƷʯһƿһʮٹȵһٹȵʿһ²ʳЩٹȵάöˡ
̯λϹ˼Ȧ֮ҲûзʲôмֵĶϾ̯ĶһЩɢޣʲôöĺöһЩ֮л֮С
йʱͷһרĵ̣ĺͨꡣںĵʹ߽ҵ̣
λҪʲô䣬ķƷȫҲҪһķǿϼ֣һŮ˵
ͿһŮޣȻŮ޳òƯҲ֮ˣһҲ˵ĺøС
΢΢һЦķʲôرķ䣿ķһĻҿɲᶯģ
Ů΢΢һЦѹȻмңҲɣмһƷһһƷ䣡
һƷһƷ䣡;
ԵȣŮЦ
Ϳҵ̵̣Ĳйоأûʲôرʵĵطĵ̾ȻһƷƷ䣬Ʒ൱һ߲ߵķƷǿţӵʮ߷
ѣ뿴Ǳķ䣡Ů޴һУŷ侲棬ӿϵ··һ㣡
һƷˮηס߲µʮϢʱ䣬߲ϵ߾ֻסһϢʱ䣡
һƷԪǿܹɱ߲µߡ
һƷ䣬˲ԼڵǸüʹ֮֮ᴦڿݽ״̬
ϸŮ޵ĽܣȻ˲ʱ¶˲˼飬ȻžҵĸõҲȻڸǲŵ㣡
ʲôΪʲôǰûʵ
Ů΢΢һЦǱûǺ飡
˻Ͳɵõһɲһ򵥵飬ķǹʿģܹԴ˶һЩ֮ӣ
벻ѾȻֱ£̾
ѹˣĲҶǼ֣ŷ䶼ǼһƷҲǼֵĵ֮Ů޴һС
ֻ֮з侹ȻһöˣȻһͻǵһοһöϵ·Ȼһͷϻӣ
ˡ¹ªţʵǲ֪ʲô䣡˵
һö޻ʵ޻ҲʲôϡĶöе޻һͷһƷ޵Ļǣ൱ʮĸ֣Ů˵
һƷޣôܣͲŵ˵
ǧȷ顣ҲһͷľֳûнͷĻƳöһƷ޾ĻһöΪһƷ䣡Ů˵
ԭˣֵʵĽ֪⼸ö۸Σʵ
һƷˮηʮʯ
һƷԪһʮʯ
һƷһǧʯ
һƷ޻ǧʯ
ֻһλ۸ȫһˣһƷһʮҲֻҪʮʯˣۺһһƷҲֻҪһƷʯһһƷķ˵ҲҪŰƷʯ㷭˼ʮ
۸ǲǹһ㣬һļ۸Ҳˣüͷ
ѿɲô˵÷ΪҵȵͽʿܶüأƷͲһˣֻͿɷȫؼʱ̿ǱĶŮ˵
üͷȻŮ˵еǷϾֻһԵĶûˣһŷǧʯʹڵҲеۡ
ֽ׶ֻܿ䣬һƷҲͶԸһЩĲʿҶԷһ׼ƷҲʲôЧ˵Ըʲô߰˲ʿˣ
ǧʯһŷȷǲֵǧʯĻôֵˣ
һƷȫҪˣҧҧ˵
Ʒ޻긣أѵҪˣŮʵ
»ûôǧƷʯһֻһεķ䣡ͿЦһ
ԭǵ֪Ϊʲôֻһž޻ʯ𣿡Ůʵ
֪
ѻ̹ʣʯķ䲢ֻǿʹһΣǿԶʹãʯеľŷǲ𻵵ģŮЦ
ôöʹüأʵ
ңһ뻨ǧʯ൱ʮľΪսΣ⡭ŮʿЦЦ
ǧʯֻۣܳ˵
ѻۻ̫ˣɣҸһۡǧٿʯŮʿ˵
ǧʯ˵
ѲС۸񡭡
ⲻС

㲻
Уǧٿʯ㲻ҪĻҲûа취ˣŮʿɥ˵˵
ɽ΢΢һЦʱּۻ˳Ľ۸ǧٿʯ
öҲս֮Ͳ뿪̣εջǳϵ⣬öһƷ䣬һöһƷ䣬ǿԶʹõ
磬ˣ뿪֮Ů˵
ţһʿȻóôʯʶҲǿףңŲʿҪǿӦʲôʶĹź洫˵ͳ
ز¶Ůһ㶡
δأҲԼ಻ԼʶѾǿֵز˰ɡЩʯȥƿһƷ޵ѪҺöã
Ҫ޻˰ɣСû׼õģŮЦ


11 
˷֮׼ȻûйҲһٶʵ˲ҹάʮкܴһֵԭ湦ԭ
Ĺ͵ĸ׿ģкܶ©ĵطصķ˵һɽĿľҪԼеʵĹ
ϵǱŪܲϧ۸ʵ̫ߡ
ͨڷ֮вʲôϡĶʹһЩС̯λҲżö򣬲ĹǸģ˭Ҳ˵׼ĹǶԻǴĹҲͨĹЧĲȱҲ̫Ĳ𡣶ЩȻϡ
Ȼӣе̻֣Ϳһ˵
Ҫʲô
й𣿡ʵ
УԵȣʿӹ̨ȡö
뿴ö֮ж湦ʿָö˵
ʶһɨԼʶ޷֮У
Щ϶нƣ޷ۿģʿЦ
ΪҪýƣɻ
ߵļصҲʿĻЩһȥЩʱ򶼻һЩƣʿ͵
ԭˣȻܹۿ͸˵һö֮еĹɣҲҲοһ£˵
ǵȻصҲ֪ͬͬһֹЧǲһġ˵ѵǻĻôϵãȻĹҲٶϻкܴϰ߶ѡԼӦĹȻҲһЩԹκ߶Щϡ٣ҵȿһҲ޷ʿ˵
ö֮еĹǺԣʵ
澭ԹԹľϵʿ˵
͵˵ͷ澭͡ʲôص㣡
澭Ǽȡ̫е֮иǼ¼˼ǿķȡֽĽĻȽϿ̣ڽۼ֮Чãʿ˵
ûˮԵĹʵ
ˮԵĹﵹһ飬ǲȱģֻʮҡʿ˵
޷Щļ۸Σ
澭ʯʮʯξǲȱԾֻʯһһǧʮʯʿ˵
۸üͷΪ۸ˣ۸Ҫеĵ͵ĶĶ࣬ԭΪҲҪȥ߰ǧʯģû뵽ȻֻҪһǧʯֻһһƷļǮ
ʿ֪ôĻһᷢһ
һɢôóٿʯһҲƺԼΪ׬ʯ֪˶ٿ࣬ʯǰĻ붼顣
ҪõʯҩҪʯҪʯ֮ĻҪʯɢǵӹĶ׾ݣƷ󱬷ʲôʿż׬һʣЩɢ޾͵սӡҲֻΪõķڶʱ֮ڵõôʯ
ˬĸʯ֮;ͽöŽ˴֮УͻԵˮ˻ûд˵ǱĶҲԵˮҲҲʯһһ˽ǧʯĶʿһۿۣһʮʯ
һ߳̾üͷ䣬ոյһ˲ֲǹʶͬһ˵ʶԭΪһֻһɺϣξͲ֮ܳΪɺˣ
ֱ˸أһ
װʲôûзֵɽ֮йȻʶÿһʱͻͣʱ伫̣ɼҲǷǳ֪͵ΪԶǻСġ
ǧ©һ飬͵ʶҪΪǿĶ࣡
Ҫһ㱣ֶΰ૵
ö֮ͻ֪һĶҪ̣ۣһЩ󷨵ɱʮĴ֣
󷨣󷨣ıأͲϵɽѰҡ
ӣӦ󷨵ĵطɣ૵
Ƿ˰ɣӸոտʼһֱҹ䣡ߵ
үģʮΪʶԲᱻһʿӦѰһЩ㿴ͣˣ˵
ߣǻ䣬Ĺ涨֮вܴһ
Ҫʲô󷨣Ұרų󷨣һӵʿͽȥ˵
ʲô󷨣Ͳ㱻ʿŵ
ɾͶˣȻаӣ󷨾Ͳǧ֣ͨľʮ֣ʲôС󣬴Ǿ֮ģֻҪóﶼУʿЦ
Ҫԣɱһ󷨣𣿡ʵ
ϵЦ˲ʧˣ
ȷҪ󷨣ԣɱһ󷨿ɲһСĿʿɵĿʵ
ȻûеĻôˣһŤͷߡ
ʧˣҪﵹһ󣬵Ǽ۸ܸߣҲŻͻðʿ˵
ŶȻôó۸ֻ֮ҪܽܣЦ
Եȣʿ˵
ԼĪ˰ʱʿóһҪ󷨾УΪǧý⽣󣡼ԣɱΪһ壬Ի˵ǣöԷԺгĶУʮµĽɱǽ⽣һͻǧ˲еУ
Ȼʮ죬Ǻ鷳ʶһɨ֮ʵ
ѷģЩ춼൱һԿʶٿأʶһ˲飡ʿЦ
͵˵ͷ˵ʵܹɱʮµʿͷȷǺˣҲȷЩĶ󷨵ʵЧûдʿ˵ôǿͲö֪ˡ
۸񡭡
ȻôĵĻһǧʯʿ·ʹһ˵һͶΪ֮𾪵ļ۸
һǧûЦɣһ󷨾ȻҪһǧƷʯʵ
Ӹˣܹɱʮµ󷨰֮Ҳ֮ˣĵطҲ˵ɽ֮Ҳ⻹Ҫõ󷨣ʿ˵
۸ƺҲ̫һɣҲ֪ǲôǿ˵
󷨵زһĿżȻϹʿżзֵ󷨣ǹʿһֵˣʿ˵
Ͳɵ̫Ѩʿðˣ̸ȥһʲôأ


12 ս
ǿ۸ҲߵеףһǧƷʯڵʿ˵һۣӵһƷʯʿôҲ뵽һʯ󷨣һʯʹƷҲһˣ
ˣ󷨵ļ۸˸߰ʵڲܳܵģҡҡͷ
۸̸£ǿ̸ʿæסͣ
ˣһʯĶʵ𣡡ҡҡͷʵ˼ǣ㿪һʯϵĻͲ̸ˣ
ʿ㶣һʯļ۸ʵ̫ˣǹʿ󷨣ȥĻ˶ͷģ
΢΢һЦʿİСˣҲ˵ЩңҪȥĻȥˣȻҲּۻˣ
͵һ׶ʱôʿƿԣ
ѣһʯٵˣϾһҲܹɱʮµ󷨰ʿ˵
УҪ׾󣡡˵
УͰ˵ô죡ҸС󣬺״󣬺һǾһž󣡹⼸׾ͼֵһǧʯˣʿҧҧ˵
ɽˣˬͳһʯ˴ʿս֮ͱ뿪˰ӣ
һ뿪ʿЦһǧý⽣ȷżȻõģһֱѹʮ궼ûȥиԩͷһ֮õ飬ھװ׬˾ǧʯⶼֵлˣ
һǧý⽣Ψһȱʮ죬Ȼʶ첼ǲ٣Ҫͬʱٿʮ첼ʶҲҪʮңһʮʿỨһʯһ󷨣ǮƷԺһʮʿĲ£˵һҲͳһ󷨣Ϊ͵òˣΪߵĲмã
Ķ֮Ҳ׼뿪ɽУһ޵ʶʼͷĲ£ڷ֮İȫܹõ֤뿪еĻͲö֪ˣֲһֱڷ֮У
֮ǰҲһ취ûУòҪңһ
֮еһƷһƷһ޻͹Ǻһģ˵Լϻһ󷨣һ󷨱Ͼĵˣ򲻵ѵʱͻ뱩¶һŵƣڲһϻǺʵսǲһ㣡
Ϳɽеһɲ˲͸ܵʶı仯ӸոյޱĶͣһ㣡
ڵȲ𣿡¶һ˿Цһö޻ҲѾУ
Ҫôһһͺʱ̣ܶдɽǾͻ֪ǳûٻǱſֵ˼ܿͻһȺʿۼʱͷҲδӵóȥ
ϣѡֵĵصɽԶһ㣡뵽
ɵǶԷҲǱҲɽеʿ֪飬ԽԽԶͺжԷԼԼȻݲ֣
లµĹһһҹڼͱֵĺܺãȫû¶һ˿ʼ߶ûзѾǴʵ
ԼͻȻͣλѸҹˣҲ˰ɣһ̸һ̸ɣ
һ㶣û뵽ԼһʼپͱˣҲһʿˣʹΪҲ߳㣬һʼ˾Ͱ͵
ʶľͰϵҩ㲻ҪĴңҵѰŵϵζˣԹԵĽҩֻķݣߵ
ͿϵСεҡҡͷ˭뵽¶ԼܵľȻһֻѰһ޶㲻ϣȴӵһѰرС
ʹǺ΢ҲѰıӣںܾǰÿʿӵһֻѰѰҩͱҲѰһ̫죬ʹѰͽݼѰӰˣҲû뵽ԼȻôãѰȻϵûôã
ȻǶ֪ˣҲ˵ʲôˣҪ٣ʵ
٣㾹ȻҪ٣ǲɵˣȻȫЦ
ȫе࣬ǵĴװ£۾˵
ߣٷϻгȻԼҲҪߵ
ȻˣǾȫǰɣͽ֮еҩһһóóһֵ˲εʱߵ۾Ѿɵúһˡ
ǵͻһһõʱ°ͶˣҲֻ˲Σн٣һݵĽ٣
ôҩЩĽݼҽΪݵһ壬ʲôԪһڣʲôɽׯʱҪĽݼҵɫЦ
ɶѵҩ棡ʹǸߵҲôҩסˣһݵҩ˷ᣬȴѻɽ
Щ𣿡Ц
ܺãӺ⣡Сӹʶ࣡ôʶķϣҿԽսĽݼңЦ
лˣЩҩɲѵģҪģҪľ˵ͻȻ¶Цݣûе귴ӦͷԼһȦˮסˣ
үСģֻһˮȦߣ
һ㶣û뵽ߵΪȻôߣһƷˮһߵΪҲʮϵģ
һߵˣͷԺһ
δ䣬ͿǰСĻХ
һִһȴ׼˱УѾǣ͵ϾȻҲһŷ£Ϊû˵رС
󾪣Ȼֻǵͽ׷УһҪ֮Уλҹ¶ȱæңֻܶ볯Ա߶㣬ȴ֪˱׾Ѿ͵ƣɳ塣
ɳĽȥѾɫ䣬ˮסټôΧɴСţ˶֣и׵շʱΣա

ЦΪٵʱëëţżʵӲûκǰ;ۿҪУһӰ˹һߡ
˺Ȼһƿˮߣ


13 ɱ
ȻԼүֺܲô˵ĽݼҵĶӣµĻԼҲѻߵǰһֺֻǰãɫɢγһܵģ
ۣ
ײ죬Ƭ̺ȴͬţ뺣ʧӡĽһƷҪʮߵķʵ̫ǿ
ûЧ͵ıԽ࣬ûټŽʱִҲûá
ǴȽΪɵû뵽ߵΪԶԶ󣬼ʹƷҲûסǱƿˮȳ꣡
δѧˣѧ߼ʮգһпܶӦȲ·͵ϮȻûЧô;ҪΪ־ս׼ˡ
ССͣ˺׾ӵĻ絹һϯ֮أߵ
ߣһ
ͳŷ䣬΢΢һ˿֮ɫᶨԼעһŷ֮ͱ㽫Լͷһ˲Ӵ˲ӿ͵壡
㣡Ĳ㣡㣡Ų㣡⡭ⲻܣ߾ȵĽ˳
һ˲֮ھȻһŲߣȻȻĶ֣û˵绹ֹ˲һ˵Ϊ
ʹǺųƺݶħ֮ҲûôŵԾ
ԭˣеǿй֮У˲ߵȴ˼ĸҲѹֻôصĺַ֢˼ֱһţԺЩ뷨
ɱɱ
үгһѽķɽ
ҪɱңͿûˣһƽһʱӿ
֮ǰΪʹͲʹ÷ڽЧһԾΪŲʿѾԶѻƽˣ
Ԫ߽еĽһһһƷʮĸ֣
ȻͽʵǵҲҺʮӲӲڻûʲôԺӲ
ֻһһƷԪҲͻɱǰߵıϣ
䣡ߵĽԪٶȼ죬͸ûжܵĻᡣ
Ųߡ
߻û˵ͼһӱըֱţ߱ϾʮĴ֣ӦٶȺ죬еĽ΢΢һͽĺ⵲סɫĽâ˲͸ǹ˺⽫ɱĸɸɾ
߽ĺâɱԺɻĿͣʵ벻ֻŲһнԪôһ鶼ûУ
һֱվԵһûסͼˣ־һһƷ
üͷŲæȻֻһŽԪƷ䣬ƷǣʮŵһҲ£ʮűַˣȻȼһ㵫ǿֲ
߿һԾͶʮŷ۾ɴˣɢų⣬һЩɵĵҲôУ֮ǰõһˮηĻ͹ڷϾͿҪһٶʯˣ⻹һɢõó
ԪͿͳһöе
ȥɣֻһһâ˲ͣҲץסᣬһâֱͣ
䣬䣡â˲͡
ˣˣЦ
үСģֻʮö֮г˳ս𽣽Щһһ
ȻЩүɲһλүΪЩҪλүƽʱŵģûʲô飬ոԱԷɵˣܶ
ûеߴһıһγ˳
쵰Ūôİа
ҪүҲܹԱˣ;ץסһ㲻ϵͷеķ䣬ĲǷ࣡
Ҫߴ־սҲʲô߳ûҲʲôû٣÷ĥǣģ
үķߺҪôȥĻǾҪЩĥˣ
ߵŷӦӴ֮óһһĶעһЩ֮˲󣬵ߵǰ潫͵ķȫ
˿漴ɱһ˻Ϊһֱ͡
еҲһ㶣û뵽ϾȻҲһԷ
飡ߵĽһ
Է߿еĶƵʱ򾪽еڲ֪ΪʲôܶסԼĽԪˣϾȻӵһԷ
ߵĽһ͸оضתһҺĸҲʱʼˣƺһͳ˾޻Լʣȫע뵽֮У
𣡡һ̵ľ˲䵲͵ǰ
޷߿ֵľǿ˹һٺˣ
޷ӡ޻ǣϡУΪⲻͨƵģʿ
򵥵˵ɱԺ󣬳ȡĻǣȻһЩ֮޻ǷӡֽС
һķһԵĲͬ޷ԷʹãȻҲûƣÿʹã޻еˣ޷ҲͱϵµȻǻǣʿ֮ⷽ˿ѷɫ
޷ô޷ǹʿ߾е
ʱĺøĥţﻹʱϻָžߣ
൱ʮľȻֵܹģ߶𽣷룬ԼүϣȻ±Ľݼ׷ɱǸ±ɱǰһжԵô԰
𣡡оԼԽߴӻͳ˼ŷ˳ȥЩƷ޷ֹ
꣡һھͽȥϾ׽
ͼɢڵϵĻƽľʹһһŲǰʱȫû˸ոհԵӣһһſڵϣʵֻҪվóһŷܽأŵԼıڶ͵֮󳹵˵
㣡㣡ŹңֻҪŹʲô㣡ĽݼҵĶӣĽݽ㲻ɱҵģҪɱҵĻҵŹģĽݽ
ûһ˿ԥƽ̽ĽݽţһĽݽճ˷ɻңߺĽݽĴ֮Żƽһһ뿪
Ľݼҵ֮УһȻΪĩ
ܿĽݼҾʹһ˺ѷεĺ


14 ջ
ľʹӲʮ·֮ʵǳŲסˣһƧĵطָ
ЧȻԵһ˲ͽ͵ΪŲ㣬ûõĻ޻ҲδսʤǸߡ
֮ǿЧȵľǿֲĺãǿΪҲ͵˼ĸɣ͵ľദʶƺҲܵһ̶ȵˡ
ͽ֮ͿʼʶĹЧʱ֮;;Լʶָ˲٣ϵĴ˻ûʲôɫҲֻպˣ֮дҩЩҩԼֻʮ¾ܸԭ
֨֨֨͵ͻȻðһԴֻ۷Ź⣬һ˾˵һİҵ˲ϣһ˲ξһҸ۾
ֻĽݽϵѰȻֻ¶͵ܣѰϡг̶Ҳʹͷһ
ֻѰԺҪѰҩ֮Ҳ˶ˣȻܹҩǲܲҩҩԴҪԼ
ûһѰͰһ˲θйˣ˲ε֮˯
ѰǰйִҩԼﻹã
ЩҩǡǡֵǮĶѰһͿһݵ˲ΣͶԴҲûʲôо
СһͳѰ˹ָ
Ѱ۾һת͵ļǵĲ͵ȫġ
Сһ֪ͨ飬ԺҵĻҩҿԣҲԹԵҵĻܵĻҾһ飡˵
ѰĿͣ漴˵ͷҪÿ춼ôõĶԵĻɵӲԸأ
ĵ˵ͷҳȥúõңʲôҩȫҪ
һѰıӾĴţͳ񱼣
ҵˣһϲæѰ
֨֨֨ѰһŽȥ
ԭһͿĺЦ
һ糣õҩ˲β֮࣬õĺܹ㷺ǰһֻʮˣԶûдﵽҪ󣬲Ϳɲںƽͽӽ֮С
֮⻹߳õʳȻ߲Ϊ֮ǿԱٹȣ߻пڸ֮ЩݲǱߵˮʳá
ɽҲ˳ݶʮҡ
ɵĲɣ˵
õ͵Ŀ佱Ѱᡱһ͵ļ
ҪϽˣ૵Ѿ˶ʮˣռƻɽдһ֮ңĽݽ˵ĳֳ״͵Ľ࣬;죬һµҲֻʮˣ
ڽ֮ͱٶȸϻң͸ϻҵʱҲѾʮ֮ˣ
磡ڻˣԵܵ͵Ϣֹ֮ͣˮҲˣ
磬ɫôô԰ףԵ
û£ʮ·۵ģףԵΪ;ĿԵ
ţͻˣ˸Ԫ;ڶ̶һ֮ھͻ㣬ѾˣԵЦ
ңҲͻˣҲˣˮҲ˵
ԵˮͲټϼƿԪ׽裬ͳľĹӦټҩĽһµԵֵϹȥĽȣͻҲôԽܣ֮£ӵķڻΪɼ֮
ͻ˺ãͻ˺ãǵľҲõĲˣƿӦùˣⱾԵģʼʱձضʮ㣬Ҳǲܣ˵
Եе
ⱾξˮģȻⱾȱ𣬵Ҳˮʮ㣬лĻһһͽöֱ𽻸Եˮ
磬ĹԵʵֵֶƣ˵ҲҪʯʯ˵һ֣
Ժͻ֪ģҪԶҺãһҪúǵʵߡУСһԺסˣȺǴһкָŻеѰ˵
⡭ǡˮѰʵ
һֻްɣûʲôǷĺˣЦ
ÿɰС󰡣ˮѰ˵
ˣҲȥϢˣץʱɣЦ
ص֮ҲֲסꡱһѪԭȵ˾ûкãټĸ·ڵҵһͿ飬Ȼκ͵ˣȴ԰ͱҵ
һ̫ΣˣȻѾȥʮˣһ뵱ʱһսͻ̲סһ¡
ֻҪ͵ʱһ¾ˡ
ӮˣӮ˻ջķᣡߵĴ֮гмٿʯһƽ⣬Ǽмͼƿˡ
ĽݽĴ֮еĶ֮ḻͶһʯңһ֮ǰסͼʮǿ
ȫǽעܻ֮ס壬һķһ֮⣬ͻڴ֮зһһĶ
ٻᦣͿϵļüͷһö֮ͷ˹ڰٻᦵļأԭĽݽĽҵˣĽһħļ壬֮һڵĳǿߣĽݼĳǰٻᦡ
ַķҲ൱ĴȻҪ˵Ļǳʮ֮Уڳ˻ǵʱЩ˶ܵ˵ŰΪ̺־壬һฺĻƵİٻᦵǿ
֮е֮Ͷٻ˵ħͲ̶ٻᦵƸԡ
ͻס˻˰ٻᦵĳ嶯ƲȥƲ̲˵ٻᦵҪϵĻƽҪǿĶ࣬õĺõĻһ
ٻ֮ͿеһȣöǱģġŪ
Ҳû뵽ⱾԼѲѵĹ䵽ԼУ
롶澭ͬǣһŪĸǶڻĲٿء
Ҳѹʱ˵һŪʦаҪľǻĿƣⱾŪĿƼɽķǳ֮꾡һéٿĸо


15 ңٻ꣡
תۼһ¾͹ȥˣһ֮˼֮жȹģԵҲǰɹͻ̤Ĳ㡣
ʱ乮Ϊ֮Ͳ߳͸͸Ͳɵ̾˿վ˵ĹޣȻҪ̤һ·ͱ׿һУ֮ǰǲɢҶҲΪ׼
ͻ֮ͷԽԽǿң
磡
͸磡
Ҳô˵ʶԸңһԵˮҲֹͣ
ϲ磡ԵϾΪһӾͿͻˣ
ǳҲãһ飡˵
ʲô£ѵҪȥԵƺ뵽ʲôͻȻʵ
ҲҪ뿪Ҳ뿪ˣ˵
ʲô뿪ˮͻȻ˳
뿪ȻǶҪ̤һ·پסڷ֮Ѿˣ֮ǰûԵѾˣҲӦ뿪ˣ˵
Ե˵ͷ˵еҲʱ뿪ˣ֮мûκεǵΪû˿İ
Ҫ뿪Ҿͦõİˮʵ
ͺԵɵ̾˿۶ҵĸ˿ˮͣǴС뿪ҲԸ⣬ǼѾ洦֮Իڷ֮仧Ϊҵ䣬֮㣬ڼȻѾȻҪػ硣
Բ֮Уһ仧֮⣬ʹһЩɢҲһЩɽΪĶһЩǻѰڵΪص㡣
Ѿ뿪ʱˣ֮Ǿ뿪ңҧҧ˵
Ŷˮ˵ĵ˵ͷ
ʱתۼǼʹԶˮ߽ããɽЩɽͷѾɻռˣֻЩϡĵطʹЧҲҪҺõĶ࣬ɽ֮ҩҲḻټѰСһڣԵǵҩͲóˣ
ϻм׾󣬽ЩĻЧһ¥
ɽ֮˰²ŷһص㣬ȻϡʤڻãûƽɽϿٳ֮㽫ɽͷϲһˮԵĶ֮зֱһС
ȥʱɽͷϵѾۼ൱һθܵŨԵˮĸŨƤܸܵŨԵˮľ棬Ե򾲵Ķˣ֮еҪŨĶࡣ
磡·ֶץסһԵ˷ܵ˵
ǳȱķԭ򣬹ǾͻӦˣЩɵصҪŨĶࡣЦ
ɽһأˮ˵
Եˮ˵Ҳ¶ЦݣԵˮûнӴն˵ĿģԵһֱҪԶˮܿĳ񣬵⼸ľҲʶ֮ǰԼһжǴģĳôڸҲ޷ڸסͰҲһǳԭ
֨֨֨֨Ѱһĵ͵ļϡ
ѰԴѰѰ󣬲ŸոɽͷѾҵһѰİĽ͵ģεЦЦӴ֮óһҵ˲ӸѰѰֻצץס˲֮һ̾ûӰˡ
ҲѰܣ⼸Ѱ󼸺Ѿ͸ѱˡ
ѰѰҩͬʱҲҩмĿһûһ߻ҵҩѰԡ
ͲһֻҪѰҵҩͻάѰһϵ˲ΣôĽ֮ѰܾͲˣ
Եġϰôˣʵ
аɣѾܴ߷ʮˣԵ˵
ȫң˵
磬ΣյģԵȰ
ģµģȫԵ˵
ŶԵӴ֮г˶Ͻ𽣣ע֮¶Ͻϳ˴罣âϸһĻᷢЩâ಻٣ʮ
ȣԵһȣʮâ˲嵽͵ǰԷص䴩͸ԣ޼᲻ݣ
һĽཻ͵ĻƽѾԵĲϣֻҪ΢΢һԵϾͷأ
͸磡ˮе
ˣ֪ΪʲôΪҪԶԶңͿԵʵ
Ҳ֪Եҡҡͷ
ΪûбɱҵĹ˻ƽ˵
ԵĿ֪ͣΪʲôҪô
֮лҪڰֻ˵֮ĶǲûҾҳȥΣζ˳ͻɱ㲢ҪʲôɣʵΪֻиǿʵȥȷ׸࣬ªһҪסʹ˵
ԵˮȵĿͣȻ޷˵ġ
ҪȥǿʵҲһֱǼӽԭ򣡡Ե˵
ǡԵû˵ͱһˣ
⡭⡭ǷԵĶʵ
ƷոҾƵסԺǧҪסҪСģ˵
ˮǸģʣ˵
лл͸磡ˮӹ˵
ˣֻҪס˵Ļ粢ôã˵ǵɽͷˣЦ
һŬģԵ˵ͷ
Ҳǣˮ˵
뿪ͱó˰ٻᦣ֮ԽԵˮΪٻᦣԽ˽ٻᦾԽ˽ǿʱĽݽһѧӵܣʱǱɵóٻᦣһˣ
ǿɳɳյĻԽҲԽ󣬳ɳܱǧᦡ
ٻһΧͱ󣬼ʹ쳣ǿʶҲٻ࣬ķԲĽݽǸӵеģпٻĽݼҵǿƴ͸Ľݽġ
ٻȻֻһƷȴҪԶƷԺƷһϸ£ȻҲ֪ٻᦵʹ÷
ٹҹУʹһһ˲͵ΧħԩŴӰٻ֮Щԩֵһɲǣʹʹ߶ԼĻҪȥһ㣡


16 
ԩХת֮ΧͻΪһƬأΧľʧ
ҲٻᦵŴˣﻹһƷֱһƷ
ٹҹлֻ֮мصȽСķҲֽ׶Ψһܹʹõķȴǿס
ͿеٻᦣȻٻƵķ̣ǲɷٻᦵȷǺǿ
ٻᦵ֮󣬾ǶʿҲ൱ջĽݼҵ˿϶ҲܿٻᦣԺһ㣬ĽݼҶϾ鷳ˣ૵
ٻ֮ͱصԼĶ֮н֮ڵһЩɲЩ˵ǲֻλյֻ֮ʮ֮һת󲿷ֶװ˷ˣҲٶôԭͽһö֮Ϳʼ
֮ǰͲþҪѾøԵˮϵľʮֳ㣬Ʋȥɽƿ˵ߺĽݽҲõ˼ʮƿЩҲ㹻һʱˣ
͵𽥻Ϊһڵ֯һ𣬽ȥһӾ֮ڵȫյĸɸɾ
Ͳɵ۾õҩȷΪ췽һöԵֵĿˡ
Ϳڵҩ̾˿Ȼ֮ڲȱҩҲңͲ֮ҲûеػʹãЩҩҲֻܿˡ
ȻҩҲֱӷãҩ˵һּ˷ѣȻôЩҩҲװ˷Щҩ
һÿ춼üžҩĹЧҲȷ棬һµĿڵ׳˲٣ҲԶˣٶȻǰ붼顣ͻǾٶȻһ㣬ͰÿþĿţº˳ͻƣʱ乮Ϊ̤֮ԼĶ
ͻƵ㣬ġ澭еָҲʹˡͰصķڵۼϣʳָָ£
࣡һһɫڵϴһС
ͿŵϵС΢΢һЦٶȺܿ죬͸ҲǿȻǿˣȻָͰٻᦵİٹҹлкܴĲ࣬Ĳܹʹõķ֮Ҳеƫˡ
ûг̲סһȻ˵չؼǺ飬ͶԴ˻е㲻ϰߡ
֨֨Ҳ֪Ѱ˳ĵ͵ļϡ²ѰǴһȦҲٲҩİ
Сһǲˣ΢΢Ц
֨֨֨֨֨֨Ѱ˵ͷ
컹ǲôණķǲģЦŴӰ֮óһİҵ˲Σ
ѰİҩͻȻ˾
͵˲һɱһ
λѣһ
СӣѰаҩȻɽͷڣһӵͺ
㣡һ
ô˰ɣ¾ͿѰҩЦȫûаͷУһɢޣһֻһɢʲôΪҲʲôбҲ仧СɽͷˣСɽͷȷҪطŨĶ࣬Լĵطǿ˺üŻҪռط
ЦЦλˣ
үҾǴˣôߵΪߡһΣǹҲѹס͡
ô°ɣɱ¶
ʲôЦһЦ
ңƾ㣿һĲ񣡡ʿЦ
ָһԼѧķת֮һâͱƽʿ
ʿƺϵͻᷴһ㣬һܵǰס͵ָʿԾȻס͵ָҲһ룡
Ϳʿһ߳õһַǽ۳ɶƵӣʿȻҲһûʲôɢޣȻͲֻܶǷˣ
Сӣ㵨ӲСȻҹүʿһһöͣ
ͣûеȻ򿿽ͱһ룡
㾹Ȼзʿе¶ĲǺ¶̰һƷҪٿʯɢ˵һ֡Ҳ֪ǰСĹʺ˾ȻһⶼҪֻҪСɱˣѰ󣬻ҩͷģֻҪɱ;ܵõһУ
ﻹʿе̰ʿΪֻĸ·һûеɢ޾ȻҴ⣡
ʶƽڿһӰ֮͹ᴩʿ壡͵ʶʮʿҪǿʶٶȫʿֵܹģַһʿ廯Ϊҽ֮ͱصԼĶ֮СʿɢûУʬȤûС
һص;쵽ɽͷмڻƣΪ¶Ĳ㵽ңȻΪǺܸߣͻǷĲ£ȻڵЩߣЩɽͷһʼе㲻ģ
֮м⼸ɽͷƵ͵ĺһ㶣漴һϲȻ͵Ȱ泯ɽͷ
Ҵɱ䣡һӴ֮óǧý⽣̺죬ʶٿʮ죬ɽͷȻԸ⼸ǧý⽣ɱţĸоͲ⣬һͲЩ߷ѹ򣬶뿴ǧý⽣Ρ
磬˵ɽͷбһСʵ
ȻûܵԽɽͷԽǿ϶б
һȺ֪ˣһЩߵĶȫ͵ļ֮УʮʶҪЩֻ߼ֱ練ơ


17 
⼸ȫûʶԼѾ͵ǧý⽣סˣȻ֪ǰͿҡҡͷɱ·
𣡡͵ͺһʮ֮ھɫһ䣡
磬е㲻ͬˣոǰ滹һģھȻͺͺģһ˵
㿴˰ɣ㣬ҪǱˣǾͰæˣһߺ
ͽ⼸˵ĻڸոɱһʿҲںɱߣ֮пɲʲôԣֻҪʵ˵Ļǵûʵ˵Ҳû˻㡣
磬쿴Ҳϵһ˷ܵĺ
ŸʲôȥðҾ˵ɽͷбһͷһҵͷ߹Ц
Ϳ߽һͨʱЦһѾǧý⽣֮еʮǧԣǿĶǻ룬ʮǧµĵطǿԽе˼һһչֳ
ʮµ˵ʮǧ޽⣬һЩʶǿ߲ƾǿʶΪҲֻҪƿʮǧǸܵ顣
˲Σϵ˲Σ
٣˰
ԪԪһĹЧ
ﾹȻзƷ
ôǷˣ
һʱ֮ɽͷߵĺԽǷ֤ݵԽ;Ҳˣǧý⽣Ѿչʾһֵһʮǧþ֤󷨵ȷ򵥣ߡ
ɱһֱߵߵǰʮǧ󣬼ʹߵǰҲ˿ûиоʹӴ֮г˰ٻᦣٹҹС
ɲǼǺ߻ûзӦͱԩɵĸɸɾ֨֨ԩʳ̲סһս漴ҡҡٻᦣߵĻ漴˰ٻ֮С
ٻһɳɳ͵ķֻҪջǾܻڷ˵ĻߵĻЧԣȻѾҪʹðٻȻҪܵðٻᦱĸǿ
͵õٻƵʱӦûжãֻʮֻԩ꣬ϸոյߵĻҲֻʮֻǣǷ˵ĻǾӶ࣬ߵĻҲܹʮֻҴĲµߵĻǣոץסߵĻǾȻǰٻ֮ΪߵˣҲٻ֮һֻ궼ûУ
νְٻᦵԩ꣬һ궼ǿԩ굣ΣӵİٻᦵߺüΣҲҲʲôΰٻᦵ꣬ԴҲֻգ
ȥ󷨽ߵʬ崦ɾ֮̾˿⼸һɱˣȻҲ磬ߵ磬ɱ¾
硭֪ʲôʱԵѾվ͵ı
Եôֹͣˣʵ
ոաԵ֧֧ʵ
㶼ˡ̾˿˵
šɱǣԵɫúѿ
ѽܣʵ
ţʵȫûбҪɱǣҲֻǡ·ˣֻҪǾͿˣԵ˵
ߣЦһ
˵Ĳԣ
ǲԣǴشΪôãΪ߸ĹΪֻ·֮ﲼоĻֻɱǣȻռطߣ磡ߵ
ԵĿ֪ͣΪʲôƽɫĴͻȻôŭ
㲻֪ЩҲ㣬ϾҲֻ17֮꣬ǰҲûˮӴ㣬ΪǱȻɫɫߣвһЩ֮ˣҪһ仰ֻ˵仰ɴһƬġ˵
硭ҡ
ˣ֪ɱ˺ܲҪ֮Ǻ飬Ϊ˷Ϊ˵ҩһҩ߶ܶһġ˵
ԵãȻĵ˵ͷ
֪ԼɱԵ˵һ޴ĴǱĹ̡ʵ͵ʶͲԵĴڣˣΪľԵ˽⵽ĲпᣡҪԵܻҪһʱ䣬Ͼתʵ̫ˡ
Ե֮ͱɽͷϰָ澭ⱾҪ̫֮е̫֮Чá
һһεϰָȻָǡ澭֮򵥵ķһѶȣת̲ҪϢʱ䣬Ϣʱէһ̣֮ܶϢʱԾͽʿһϢʱ䶼
ָֻһâһһСס
һβֻ˰Ϣʱ䣡Ͳ˲ͷĺˮ
Ѿϰָĵˣָ֮ķʱϢ˰Ϣ
ҲûϰĹ͸оĵָ
ָ˵˾ǽѹȻָͨųһÿζͬҲкܴĲ죬ͻûҵȣҲֻϰвϳԡ
һ֮ɽͷϲϴ졣
ָһâ͵ײԵĶϣ޴ʹԵ̲סԼָЧҲ¶Цݡ
͸һԵˮҲ̲ס
磬ָֻһһƷȻ֮ǿܶ굲סԵ˵
ָһ²Žز֮ٶҺհ΢΢Ц
һ֮ԵѾܹ߷ʮâԶƷ
͵ġ澭ͬԵġֻһУΪƵĽҲ࣬Ȼ˵е뷢ĳ̶ȵǼٵġ
ˮҲȻˮġξȱģȱҲֻʮ֮ģʮ֮ǰⱾξҲһĹˮ޵ǡξ֮еı֮ǧ룬޴ɶ㡣
ѶȽϸߣʹˮ߶ˮʵҲֻܷٵˣǼʹѾ͵ָˡ
֮Ϊͣ۷ҲͣĴĻԵˮͬʱҲδ͵Ķ֣Ȳ˵еǧý⽣󣬾ǰٻᦺ;óһҲֵܹġ


18 ɱ
£һʱתۼһ֮˵ΪҲ൱ԵѾ߲Ϊ
ҡҲСɣԵѾܴ߷һʮͬʿ֮ҲټÿһʱûԵд裬ʵսԵҲ൱ɫѾһǰǸëͷСˡ
ˮΪ㣬ǽɣһ־룬ڲʹܵԵҲҪ֣
ȻβΪ㣬Ͼʰء
һ֮ջ񲢲ΪǽڲһǧƽҲǴ˵ҩأҩȽϵһֻ˲Σҩ
ҳȥһ˰ɣ˵
ȥģԵһ㶡
ɽУõľҲõĲˣʱ򲹳һЩˣ˳ǳȥʶһ¡Ц
ǻУһθƿʣһ࣬һ㵹ǲԵ˵
͵ȥɢɢİɣڻûʽӴߣһҪҪǳȥʶһ¡˵
͸磬ǶȥˣǵĶô죿ˮʵ
İɣһﲼú󷨣֤ǵ͵˵
׼֮ͱǧý⽣ɲǼɽͷУǵһγȥʱܱȽϳóٿƷʯΪĲ䡣
ǶԷڵǿ߷޷ƿǧý⽣󣬵ڵǿôܻῴɽͷأ
οڵҲô࣬ϵġ
磡㣬ҺˮϰԵˮԶԶ
Ȼ͵Ϊ֮͵ģʶȴǿףһ֮ǰͿʮʿ֮оһĴ֮͵ʶĸΪǿ
￿ľʶȻ͵Ϊ͵еٶȴ֮ģ
ôĥĥģҲ뵽ɽУ˵
Ǹ̫˰Ե̾˿˵
Ǿǣ͸ٶȵȷ̫ˣҺԵ͸ϰˮ˵Ķͷ˼κ顣
εҡҡͷˣϢһ°ɣ
ţԵˮһ
ˣͻȻԵˮǰĿǰ
ѱᣬûб˼ֻϢˣһ߼æ͵
üͷʶʿϢôڰλҲϢˣ
ô˵ʿɫһ˵ʲôֻһ˰
Ȼ˾ͱˣһһָâת֮صף
䣡漴ص¾һζӰ˲˵棡
ݷվԵ
ݷжݷеһַ֣ûʲôȴ֮жһֱȽϺķ䣬۸ҲҪͨһ㣬ҪʮƷʯ˾Ȼܶݷ
ڳˣһ˲㣬߲㣬ƺԶˣĶ˵
˻ʶһȽϺã֮ΪߵҲֻ߲ˣ
Ե㿴ߣߵ
磬ҿˣԵߵ˵ͷ
ѣϵĶ򡭡
Ҳôһ
ôǲãҪˣ
ãüͷһ壡
ô֪˵˰ɣǲã֮еĶԱߵɫͶĹЦ
û˵Ц
Сһһ߳ͣ
Ʒһȴܣ
䣡Եܳ͵ǰס˷Ļߣǻ֮ǿҲƵԵ
˲ΪԵ߲㣬ΪԵͺܳԿ
ǵʲôˣԵеܳԾʵ
ҪˣһԵˮ߶еķɫͶĹ
ƷǾȻƷͷеתˣ˲ӵзһӵƷ
òеľӢ˰ɣͻȻ뷨
ˮһɱСɲǼ뽫ɫͶĹΧ
ɫͶĹ˾ȻֻһƷȴܺһƷǱѣܽɣû뵽һֻŮ޾Ȼˣ
ԵҲʾȫʩչһʮˮıת֮ͽɫͶĹɱ
ãֻ֮жӵһƷûκηɫͶĹôֵܵ˱ĺϻأ
Ʒ湦⼸еľӢӵĴˣʵǲãֿŴʿɢֵܵأ
ΨһɱоݷȻ϶Ʒߡ
ǡǡȥеĻһ֪Ψһĳ·ǽǰֻ߸סȻ֮أ
ͿȻ΢̣ԵˮķѵĻһƫƫҪܣ
ⲻ֪Ͳ֮ǿģ
ٹҹУͻȻ˰ٻᦣٻһҡʱ䣬ʢ֮ŵഽףݴĵĻҲ˵еĻҲٻᦵѹƣð޹⡣
īɫĻӰٻƮ䣬û˵壬ڹӳ£͵ıԽסٻᦣͣע
ͽٻᦽ֣һ׹뵽˵֮УȻڰ׹ǣ£ɫĹֱ˵ﱻ˳Ǿ˵ĻˣҪߣͺһ˻еСᦣʱһϯɫĹһ
գ
ٻᦺһ±󣬴ƮĹûһãһڽ˵Ļ븹С
͵ı鲻ɣøأһһķ֮У˫ƽ죬īɫĹ
ʼ
ãΪ߲ңҪ߳㣬ҲһѶȣ˰ʱŽãĻȫ
ϵ̲סһ
磬ôԵʵ
һ˳˵ĻǰٻᦵԵͻζеİٻ˵
͸ոյĺ˰ˮµ˵
ͼһ²ãʬ壬˻ĻĲôֻһҲֻһٶʯƿ㶫ͻ治


19 ٻط
ãʬ֮һطϢһ£Ȼһս򵥵ҲǾоˮıԵҲ൱Ĵټһ˶ȫʩչڵҲеϡ
û°ɣͿ˿Եˮʵ
ãֻĵеࡣԵ˵ͷ˵
ţһսֵĺܺãĳҲӦܸܵһˣǵʵ΢ĻǱߵľˣ˵
İɣҺˮѾˣԵ˵
Ǻúûָһ£Ϊǻ˵
Ϣʱ֮һ·һ·˲ٵߣЩߵĿĵغһɽУƺɽʲôһ㡣
Ҳȥɽе𣿡һ۵Ůʵ
͵˵ͷҲȥɽУ
ŮЦЦţɽҪд͵ᣬЩɢҲȥʶʶ
ԵĿŮޣȻŮͼˮҲǲͼľԱĲɵҡҡͷŮһ֮ͱһ̡
磬ոǸŮǲǱİԵʵ
΢΢һЦ̫ˣȻ粢ôãǻûеֵزʿ֮ĽҲǱҪġ
ŶԵ˵ͷ
͸ոǸŮ˵ɽлһ͵᣿ˮʵ
ţô˵ġҲܽΪʲôôʿǰɽˡ͵˵ͷ˵
Ҳȥɣһûмأˮ˳˵
ţɽҲԶˣаʱܵɽˡ˵
˸ϵɽеʱȴɽΧľסˣʱɽѾˣɽеΧȻС̯
ö߰ˮ̾
ȷǺܶࡣ͵˵ͷ
͸ȥɣˮһ˫ˮĴ۾ͣ
͵˵ͷˮҲ⣬ϾǵһĽӴ磬վһԵԵȻϲ˵Ҳ뷨
ö䰡͸㿴кö䣬շˮĵ˵
ѿɣЩ֮ҪʮʯһֻҪʮʯһ̯ЦǺǵ˵
ôҲҪˣˮЩ侹ȻôеķŻԭʮʯС˵ѾһˣϾ֮ǰһҲֻŪؼƷʯˣ
ͿˮСӵıЦЦСӲ֪Լÿõľļ۸ͲͶ١
ףôָŷԱߵʵ
з⡷ʮʯ̯˵
ţöҪˣʹӴ֮ͳʮƷʯöս˴֮С
͸磬̫˰ɣˮ˵
ЦЦðɣö֮мصһЩõķȻһЩһƷǺʵá
Ѿϰ˹ˣȲ˵ԵҵıҲЩҪǿϺܶడѧЩûʲôðˮ˵Ȼͻʮʯöе㲻
Сӣüα̲סһˮıӡ
ҡҡΣˮ˰˵
ȫʩչĻԵ˵
ƺҲʶԼĲԵġˮġξеķǿ󣬵ĵҲܶ࣬ڵΪʩչ˼Σ˳һһб֮ûбĹֶˣֶ̫һ
ö֮мصķȻ򵥣ȴķȻĹ֮
ͻһѷֱ𽻸ˮԵһֻȥʯˮԵֱ£
ɽҪĹϵʹô߶ۼɽУͽƷʯ֮ŴԵˮɽС
һҵ̽ǼƷڻֻһƷһٻشļ۸񲢲ߣֻһʮƷʯ
콣ɵˣͻȻſһɧ
콣ɣܳ𣿡ʵ
ϰЦЦغٺӴɣȻ콣ɶ֪
ѽ󣡡ЦԵԵˮҲһϴӡ
콣ݿ쵱ĴɣеǧˣӸڵΪɽׯҪǿһ㣬Ϊݵڶɣ
ǵһأˮæʵ
ݵһǻԪһڣ˵ɲǸǮϺɽׯжŵĳ棡
ԪһΪݵһɣ콣ɽׯƹЦ
Ǹ˭ָǰʵ
Ǹ콣ɵһ˵츳ˣѾʮһĸ֣콣еĵλܸߣƹ˵
һʮһ㣡Ͳɵ̾˿һͲ࣬ΪȴԶԶԼ
߰ɣҲҸطϢһ£˵
ţ
ĽϹ벻һĽҶˣ͸ո뿪̾е
ǿߣһ㶡
ϲôû
ڱչزֻҴˣ
ĽҵҲˣ˾
Ȼһʿڷſ
Ľֺþòˣ콣ɵЦ
֣Ⱥ֮߳һ׷ͯյЦ
Ľң̲סüͷɵǸĽݽƺĽҵˣ
ȻѾȥһ൫ͿɲΪôȥˣĽݽĽҵĶӣɱĽݽ͵ǶĽҵ𣬶ĽݽϵİٻҲϣһĽҵ˷;ûк³ڵʿȫڵֿܹġ
ʶװаٻᦵĴ»ʲô⣬ΪԷһͽװаٻᦵĴӽڡ
žĽϹüͷһ壡
֮ԻǷ˰ٻᦵϢٻƵģƵʱԼľѪڰٻһǣû뵽ոǾȻʧˣ
Ҳ֪ٶȻӹһ٣
ľɽ֮мΪջǱ˼ɽ˸ǿҵһ䷿䡣
ȴߵףסһ쾹ȻҪʯɽ֮Իôɢް̯ķҲһĹϵ͵Ӻͳʮʯʮ졣һͱ׼ɽж죬ԺҪõĶɹȫ


20 г
һͱԵˮ뿪˿ջɽ֮תƣɽеķԵˮ൱𺳡
һδεͳʯһЩҩͷʱȻǺԼõĵҩֵƵ֪ۿ£ϵ;ȥǧʯĿ붼ġ
硭˰ɣԵ˵
кܶණûأ΢΢һЦ
Ѿ˺ܶʯˣҪ´򣿡Ե˵
԰԰͸Ѿ˺ܶʯˣˮҲһԸ͵
İɣҪЩǲٵģЦ
һγ˾֮⻹˼ƿԪͻشһɽеʱҲûϵԼΣգԵʱֻ˾ͱٹȵֵҩһսҲˣҲ׼Щսʱõϵĵҩ
ԪָܹĵشƣһһƿشĻҲûҪˡֵҩļ۸ҲƫߣһƿԪͬʮȴҪʮƷʯشףһƿֻȴҪһƷʯ
ʹ͵ĲҲֻܶʮƿԪƿشҲȥһǧһٿʯ
պãͽֱƿԪƿ
ţлл磡˽ҩսԼĴ
һлʲôЦ
˺һǰȫһһأԵˮ˶ӵƷһһټһʹĵҩͷ䣬⼸֮оӢӲеĴϸһƷİٻᦣսԶΪߵԵ֮ϣ
ߣȥûйһҪˮһһĹ˵
ˣˣξѾܺˣƷˣˮһҪΪԼ򹦷æҡͷ
СӣⱾξֻʮ㡣˵
֪Ҫʮ㻹ҪܾأȵԺɣˮͷ˵
̾˿ﲻ֪СΪʡǮĪ⣬˭Ҳұ֤ʲôʣڰõͲҪϵԺ
ҪһʺˮĹʹ߽һҵ˵
ʺˮĹԵȣ
һƹó򣺡ö֮еĹʺˮϫ˾
ʶɨööصĹص˲ӡԺ֮С
ҪصǾǻ֮ҲڿγһƬƲʣȻֲַ꣬ҩĵطõıȽ϶࣬һֱȽϼߵķһֻһЩдӵĵӲŻַ
ϫһƫڷصĹܹΪغ˵ֵԷĹһŲĹ
ڡ˾һŹ͵ĹˣⱾ׳ڹʱóⱾһһ˵һˣ
Ȿ˾ɣ˵
ǺⱾ˾;֮ҲϵȵĹƹЦ
ö˵ˣʯͲͷ˵
һǧƷʯƹ˵
һǧʯǮû˵վԵͺ˳
ѿɲô˵иеͣдС۸ȻͲһˣ⡶˾۸ȻĵϾǳľӪԵô˵ƹҲе㲻ˣ
ƹ˵ʲô͸ûţƹһ仰˵ĵûⱾ˾۸Ȼһǧٿʯļ۸ȴƫߣ⡶˾ȻҪġ澭Եġһ㣬ҲֵһǧٿƷʯ
˰ʯ˵
ƹüͷ˰ʯ̫ˣһǧһʮʯ
Ϳƹ񣺡Ȿ˾ȻǾһǧʯϵļ۸񣬾ŰʮʯоУеĻȥң
Űʮʯ⡭ƹԥĿ͡
Եˮߣʹ߳Ͼӡ
Űʮʯ;Űʮʯɣƹæסˣ
΢΢̣ʯ֮ͽöŽ˴֮С
͸磬ôʯһֵãˮ˵
Сӣ⡶˾Ĺ֮⹦ܽڵһɣ⹦ǸģҺԵҲϰЦ
ģ⹦ôãˮ˵ʵ
͸ʲôʱƭ㣿Ц
ʵһʼͽöݶȻö涼˽ƣֽôסأ
ڵʶǿߣЩֹֻʮ߹ۿˣֻǻһǮȴѧŹ˲ô㶼ԷҲûʲôʧЩôʵҲǸֵǮˣǿ޸Ƶġ
䣡˲Զͼһ£˾ҵıը
ڷ֮ж֣סˣǵɽȷ涨֮вַܶܵеƲãҪ֪ɽиɶзݣɽ֮ж־͵ƣ
Ϳ˵ò֮һ㶡
˲Ǳˣڷ֮м콣ɵϯһ
ĸùһɵͲ֪Ǿһ֮¼ʹǶðٻҲûǸܹոһѾ޽ӽڵʵˣ
󵨿ͽȻɽڶ֣漴֮оʹһǳ⣡
ǿߣһǻʵǿߣ
ҵӷʲôˣȻ˶ŭ콣ɵϵһǰЦе˵
ɽĹ涨֮в֣ܶӲֻ˷֮еĶߵ
ǶҵҲǲСû˵ˣһξ˰ɣЦе˵
û˵ˣӿɱˣߵ
ɱˣûаɣ㿴һûѪûʬģôˣЦ
㡭ãҾ͸콣һӣҪ´ξҲסһϢ
һһ㵽ô£ôڷ֮г֣ɫһ俴һ
ûʲôֻǾμԾͽɱˣһм˵·ûнոǸʿϡ
Ժһ㣬ϾɽУɽϾΪʦҲҪ֣ڷ֮㾡Ҫ֣˵
ǣʦһ˵ͷ
ɽϣʲôֹһ
߰ɣȥ𴦿ʹǼ꣬ͿɲǵȻ۸ߵ׵Чȷû˵еĻ׼һŷ


21 
û뵽һȴ쳣Ļ𱬣鶼ӵŵˣ
һҲϾȷҪǿһ㣬ҷҲ֮࣬е顣
ŶӰɣ˵
磬ȥ𴦿Ե˵һеԵȻԸŶӺķʱ䡣
ţСĵ㣬һĹϵ֮еʿܶ࣬Ҫ˽Թ͵˵ͷ
İɸ磬ҺˮСĵģԵЦ
ʿ൱࣬һʱֵ
㰡Ůһ;ͺ
Ѻþòˣ͹˹Ц
һ಻ˣѾȻ㣬ٶʵҵȺգŮЦ
ãðˣ
һ׼Ůʵ
֪һ𣿡ʵ
Ů¶һ˿εɫ
ôˣѵˣʵ
ˣҸŵȥˣԡŮεЦЦ
ԭˣôҾһƷɣЦ
Ů޲˼ЦЦǲ˼һƷҲˣ
Ϳ˿յĵЦЦ¡һǰһˣ
⹺Ļ뵽һ𣡡ͻȻڴһ
һ㶣ɻĿŮޡ
Ҹ磡Ů޽͵
͵˵ͷȻĳ͹ˣ
Űɣڵ˵˵
Ů޵˵ͷλѱķѾ꣬λĵذɡ
ЩôʱӵʿԴȻǷвݶ֣Ҳû콣ôǿӲɽȻûڷ֮Թ˼֮ɢˡ
߽֮󿴵һһ̬ЦеĿոյǸŮҲ˽
ѣһ̬ӿ˵
֪γƺ
죬֥̬ʿ΢΢һЦ
ԭѣ֪кҪ£ʵ
΢΢һЦѵʶнʶ²ʿ֮ˣ
Ѿ漴һɱһ쾹Ȼһ۾Ϳ͵ĵϸ
ѲؾţĳûҪΪѵ˼ĳһѺЦ
ĳ֪ʵ΢޳Ѻ;Ŀ졣
ɲΪһ仰ͷ˶ĽģѾתһбʾͼٻᦡ
֮ǰΪ˶ĽҵͽٻᦷŽ֮УҲ˲ôˣ͵ĸоΣգ
ǿʶıǮΪ˱ʾĳĳ⣬ѣ콫а͵ǰ֮װһ׼
ôֱʣöҪʯɣѵãЦ
ǵĺö㲻ʲôˣô¿Է˰ɣЦ
ĺʲôʵͲòöȷǺʹù͸ǿ
˵ͷѿ֪ʲô
һ㶣֪Ϊʲôʳ⡣
ӿ϶Ҳ֪ʲôˣǹޣ¶һ˿ҵЦݡ
ޣʹ󾪣
ͨͬԹԸȥظͶֻ̥أȻµţʵҲǿȴʧȥǣøҰһ
ߣħһɥʧǣΪԺ󣬻Թ廯Ρ
߿ԳΪˣħ߿ԳΪħ𣬹޶ɽٳɹԺһԱΪɡ
仰˵ӵд֮壬൱ڻӵҸӵϡ٣ͨʮ֮УŻһߡ
˵꣬Ϊ޵ļʮһ֣ҪšҲû൱쾹ȻһޣΪܸߵӣ
һ֣һ޾ȻʿƼĵطǰɣЦ
͵˵ͷʵҲôġ
Ϊǰ岻ҵģһĲ̬ҲΪԵʣ쵭˵
塭˵ᣡ;ȵĿ졣
νĶʿ겻ռ˵岢һȨַͣҶҲһʺԼԲ򲻵ʿǲԼģ
Ҳû뵽쾹Ȼܹ˴ݵ˵˵Ȼĳ񣬵˵ͻе㲻Ȼ
˵ĺòҪҵɣ˵
ЦЦǰЦ˵Ļĳ͵Ѻ˵˵𣿸οԵλĳĲ
εЦЦȻǿЦʣǱ˵Լͻе㲻Ȼ
ҾͿżɽɣҵĹѾ˹ؼʱ̣ҪһֶͻǰƿʿΪͻƵ֮ӵԼ壬ʱ볣죬һǺݾǵҪһȥѰһ˵
üͷʲôѰңʲô˵㣡
ЦЦѶˣĳڲ˵Ϊʱĳʱ֪ͨѣȵɽ֮ĳ֪ͨѣ
ҿһ£˵
ȻѿǺ˾Ϳңö͵Ƕɣպã³֮ĳлöʯͽˣȵʱ֮ʱĳͻ֪ͨѡ콫öݸ͡
ѾôΪһӦ㣿һ㶡
ĳϿ˻һ֣ȻҲὫԼĵϸȫѣ˵
Ȼôĳô֮ĳѴ𸴣뿪˷ꡣ
뿪˵֥̾˿һ̫³çˣҪȥĵطɲһܹӦġʹǸʮԲΪҲұ֤Լܹȫ˸οһߣѵΪʶǿ󣿡
ЦЦÿ֪ǿĵط
ʶ֥붼ûͻش
޵ʶҪͨǿ٣͵ʶȴȹ޻Ҫǿһ㣬һʱҾ˵ʶʮ֮£һʶѾʿʹΪҲ磡쵭˵
ʶȻôǿ֥ȵ˵
ΪֲŻ˿İΪֳɹİսӣ
öĴۻ᲻̫ˣ֥üͷ


22 ̨
һͿƵõ˺ܶϢϸһȴûʲôõġ
Ȼ˵ԼǹޣʿԸͿ˵Ƿ滰
öΪҲ֣ԭͱ飬Ҳ֪Ϊʲôĵ׾Ȼһεеڴ
ŵĻڷѰǷҩӳۣЩΪ׼ģܣԵˮߵʱҲ̫ԣˮԵǲǾ֮С
˽ԽԽ˽ǿҪ鴫˳ȥ罫û֮أͲòСģ
ڷ֮ת˰ûзԼҪҩӣЩ̯λϳ۵ҪôݲҩҪôһЩͨµӣٺ˲ѹΪ
ҪҶݺϽٺѹҩӲһûС
ҩƾʣµ֣ҩĻ;Ϳƾˡ
ҩ˲κͽ˵Ҫ࣬Щ̯λûҵҲ֮У
ֻ֮ڵ֮һһҵ̹ҩٵҩȴӰӶҲֻܹԹԵͳʯһҵҩȻݺܵ͵Ǽ۸ȴߵס
һҵҶݾȻҪƷʯϽҪ߰ʮƷʯѹҪһǧƷʯҩֻǰҰˣҪ֪һݵ˲εļ۸ҲֻǧʯҰҩһ۸ر𣬾ƾĲϾȻҪǧʯҲѹڵҩļ۸ô
ҩӵ֮ͱص˿ջԵˮ˵ǻûл
ͶԴҲʾ⣬Ͼǵһμôк֮ģڷ֮ҲǻʲôΣա
֮ﺬžʼͿɲҽ֮У֮пʿĴڣҪǱǲʲô쳣Ļ޶
ûĸͷõҩЧ½˽㣬ҩһװ׵ˡ
λʵ̫ˣ͵ҲãôҲ˼ˡ
֮ʿһ㶼ң߶еȣ˶ΪϵŶ򱻳Ϊţʮ򱻳Ϊ°빦ԪӤ֮ǰƿϡ٣ʿ֮Ҳδһ
ʱ֮ͱֹͣٶʵ̫ˣʱûʲôЧ
Եˮ˾ȻڻûлҲʼе㵣ǲʲô鷳ˡ
˰ʱ֮ԵˮûлҲס˼æĴѰˣѰҶûзԵˮ˵Ӱӡ
ѵĳˣ૵
Ұ
ǰһɢ޾Ȼս콣ɵľӢӣǻζˣ
λ˵ʲô飿ʵ
ʿ˿ЦЦѲ̨֪һɢ޾Ȼս콣ɵľӢӣ˰
￩һ£Ǹɢʲôģ
ʮ߰°ɣһõĳ뻯߲ΪȻܹʹһʮâʿЦ
䣡ֱ̨ʱҲ˲÷֮вĹأʿոյǸɢԵɣ
̨Ƿ֮ΨһֵܹĵطһЩʿڷ֮нԹ̨֮ܵһ̨֮ۡһ̨ĶŲĳޣּǱĽ֡
Եոոϵ̨;ͿԵѪڵϣˮڵϲϵĿ
͸磡ˮ;ǿһȥ
͸磬Եˮʵ
ʲô£͵ޱȵı䡣
һöشԵ֮ԵشҩشҲҩڻشҩЧ֮Եϵ˿һһĸԭܿԵ˿ھͲѪˣڻҵҲƽͣصûи޷ָġ
콣ɣ콣ɵˣǴԵ磡ˮ˵
콣ɣôǳϹϵͼԵת˿
ҡҡҡˮС糺죬ôҲ˵
СˣôǸܸѾҴˣ߰ɣһʿЦ
üͷһ壬ʿ뵽ǸĽݽȻҲĸ
ҵĵܵܣ˵
Ӵոմһֳһ磬ĸ绹ǶడһһϣոǸ˵˵Ҳһ߲㣬Ȼֻ㣡ʿЦ
Ǿˣߵ
Σѵ벽Ǹܵܵĺ󳾣ŶˣܻܵҪʿŵЦ
ܺą̃ϼһһ̨̤Ӹ¿ʿ
ʿһһף콣֮Ҳ֮ӣ콣֮гһ֮û˲ӣǳϼҲҪͿģԭ콣ӵĶӣ
ڷ֮ˮԵˣˮ;ΪˣȻǿ֮ģ콣֮˵û˸Ҳ콣ɵΪֵ˭֪ˮߵԵ˼֮ӵݣӲס
Ȼһ竵ǲ֪֮в֣ܶԾ༤ƵԵ̨ŲΪɴԵû뵽СĳϵģҪƻĺһ㣡
ʿΪ͵׵ǿȴĺܣΪ콣ɵʱܹ
ȻԼͱˣʿһŲΪټϵļһҲĶһοһֻĲ
⡭ⲻ콣ɵȻһԽԽȥˣȺͻȻһЦ
ɱһ˲Ǳɽׯ֮Է˳ۣҲû뵽Ȼ飡ղܽôеϣ
տ̨һɲ̨ͱһΧ̨Χ󷨰Χ˵Щڵǿ߶޷ƿ
Сӣڵģնݺݵ˵
Ӧâ
ಣֱָյţ
յϳһɫĹĻס͵ָ


23 ƴ
Ҳҵǰţһ
ͷüͷһ塣
Ȼ׵ķͷ콣ɵţʶ˾̾
ϵ·ѥӶǷͷһ׵ģ⼸ͷһֱ׷ƷȻ͵ָܹģ
Ҳû뵽վȻӵһ׵ķҲѹԵҰУԵ߲ȫҲδƿһ׷
֪ðٻܷƿ׷ͷһ־ͱʹˣǷУĿ֮óٻʹĽݽɱʱĽҾԲŹ
ҰԻƵĿģչЦ
ѹûаͷУֻɫһָͷһȫǱֵ̨̬ġ˵ԵܸһвĻô;ȫûв
أöײڹĻ֮ϺΪһʧڿУĻζûлζһ£
ΪûֵͼķƿҵİԼ𣿡յĻû˵ͼһĻ˹жʮڻ֮лһЩâȻ͵ָ
¡¡¡̨ϲϴҵıը
Ű»ЩͼķȻ˵ԽǸ߼ķҪԽֱ࣬׷ƷװҪȻ٣ŲΪȻҲ֧һʱ䵫Ҳôը
һգ۵Ĺ;Ѿ˼ʮŻ̨µĿɿڴǴûмִ򶷷ȻȫȻֵͼ䲻ôֵǮ㶪ϰŷ䣬ҲҪϰʯˣ
Ҳʶȥǰ취׼
͵ĽͻȻһٽĽĲס
СӣŰߵ
ȻһͼŲΪʩչҪסһ߻ǰĵģ
ͣ˲ʮâЩɱĸɸɾ
ָһԾȻܿǫָ̂˾
ոͷĺâָҪƽʱĶ࣬ԽߵʶҪԽߣҪ˵ϵޣͺɵľܿʮָ
Ҳ¶˾ȵ飬û뵽һ߾ȻܹʹôָҲֻǾȰˣе㱾Ҳı䲻֮޴Ĳ࣬Ų㱾ǱӮľټְ»壬͸ûκλᣡ
һ־һһƷ
ͲŲæ˦űյĻһ൱
һʼ;ûдӲƴԷΪĸζһа»壬ӲƴȻǲܵģʹһʼ׼մ־սеķĵƣ
һηԺ֮նͷѾʼðȻеĿգ
䣬䣬䡭
ը֮ڶ߼սֻüޱݣ־ŭȻѾŲĸ֣н׷ͬСɣڼУ½죬ɶԷķȴòƵģȥ
ԷżȣԵгٱһ÷ƴԷķʹŪָʲô͵Ϯһ£Ȼ˲գȴҲ̡
͵ı飬һӣʱ٩䣬յɫԽԽˡ
ôȻǵģȻʹ÷ԿյƷԼĵĺ٣ҪһƷҪĵŷ䣬Ѿȥ˰ŷ䣬ʹٶʵۡ
ԷҲʹһн׷Ǿͱսˣյȿݽߣ͵ķù⡣
ͬʱͻ˼ȥУԷȻ˥˲٣ɾݽߣкܳһʱ䣬ѵԼӲģ
˵һˣͬɲԭ룬һ㹦Сӣֵ£ڣȴûˣСӾжٷȥԼķֲ֧ס
һǶȣСӼֱ̫ˣȻ콣ŻҪУҲûôķ䰡
»һԲӦͣ
ڳˣ¶һ˿Ц֪콣ôֻз
͵Ļƽ»ݺݵײһ
ŵŵţһǿס壡ϾΪĲһ;ͳһ
أû뵽ǵսס»һɲ»ϾȻըˣҲը˶˳ȥ
ͳ׷еĻƽͬһգ
͵Ļƽյ»ɣ
ݣȻ»ϷŻΪ˵𣿡ߵȻô˵ҵķ仰һ˵ûУ
»ʵһջһ»һҪһƷǿϲ٣˼͵ĻƽϾͳ˿˿ƣ
Ͱ̾һϾ콣ɵţϵĺöǲ٣ôʱķԺյҲӦûʣ¶ˣ
޻꣡⣡ʹȵ
޻ڵɽׯ޵мңһ۾ϳе޻
޻㵹ҲкöЦʹҲͻ˺޻Ҳиֵ֮ģɢ޻Ѿˣ滹ʲô޻꣬ҲһƷ޵ĻǣҲ߰˲ߵʵ
СģǾһƷޣѵ
һæһͼ̫ͣˣ
𣡡춯صĺһʮɳ̨֮߳У߲źӿգ
ôվԼǶ˵һ㣡һƷޣ൱ʮһߣҪȫʢʱƾµķδûһս֮֮ǰͶƴάְѾȥٵ
»ȥȻõҲԴУ̨죡»϶Ϊһתţ
ͬԣմȵ
ɲǼ»ϷһһâȻǲͬԵģ
أ»ݺݵ˾ϣ
һ֮¾ϵƬ˲ըѣ»Ȼز֧Ųס
໣ʹ֮µľ
ϣָžգ
أռæʣµע֮Уǰ˲һĻ;ݺݵײһ
šƺһȻаµǾһײѾˣ
˻˻˻˻ĹûͣһڶҺ˹ĻϣĻȻˡ̡죬ĶҺȻڸʴŹĻھҺĸʴ¹ĻԽԽۿҪײƣ


24 ս
𣡡ſѪۿҪһ£ʱյĹĻѾҡҡ׹޷ֵһ
Ѷ콣ɵĵӿվҪȥ̨Χ󷨣ȴûǵġ
̨̨Ĺأ̨ʤǾԲ᳷ȥ󷨵ġ
䣡͹Ļݺݵײһϰµķ֧˼Ϣʱͱƣ˶Ѫɣ
ţˣ콣ɵĵӳͺ
üͷһ壬ٻ̨֮ʱ̨ϵѾǳ٣̴棬ͷֹ˾Ȼʬ޴ˡ
Ͳ³ç֮ˣʹ̨֮ҲɱգѵһѾǼˣ͵˵ɱɺݺݵ콣һ⣬콣ɿ϶Źʱ³Ľݼ֪ɱĽݽҪң
λ콣ͻȻ˽סͣ
һͷŷֽס˾Ȼ콣ɵϯӡһ
ֵѽס²֪к£ʵ
ĳл飬һĳܽ޷Ѵţһ΢΢Ц
ֵˣĳֻһɢ콣ɣһֻΪ˷磬ùɵܿˣ͵˵
ˣһЦ
ǣһ̸Ե뿪̨
һ뿪̨һͳ˵ʲôͷϾȻо޻
ֵѣþòΪоһЦ
ҲʮΪͿĳˣһЦ
˭ֵ֪ѿ콣һﰡ΢ĩΪֵǰ׳󰡣Ц
ɽׯţһ޼ʹĳҲҪһЩֽŲܶԸһôӵ޻֮Ҳû޻һʵ
ҲµҿⳡԵọ̈̄˲޻ϻвٷ䣬ΪЩصѴŻᱻưµķ˵
λĻһʼվѾ֮Уһߵ
ˣһɢްֵѺαôģ˵ɵصҲû֮ǣЦ
ˮô£ô콣ɵųϹϵʵ
˵˵ҪС檡Եһŭ֮¾ͺ̨ˮ֧֧˵
ͿޱεˮЦЦˣҲĴİԵûд󰭣һҾȬˣ
ˮ̧ͷͣģ
ţҲˣٿ㶼СèˣЦ
ţˮˣˮЦ
ˮ֮һ֮һһһʶļ֮£һΪֻһССɢ޵ⲻ֪͵ʶʿһЩСȫС
콣ɡաһһȻ̨ϷŹյǲ¾ôˡ
ԵĿһöش֮ͱ֮УҩļĿռĿռһѾһǧƽңһεΧĺҲϡ˲٣
ʲôһ㶣ں֮ȻһڷһĶ֮ǰûзֺ֮ںʹúϡ˲ֳȻǿǾʲôȴһ֪ȴȷһ£֮лбĶڣ
ͺǼ˵ҲĵƣڵΪĹͣµĶȻˣζĹܽǿ
ǰʱϽ٣ҶݾʹһСȦһöѹ֮ȻҲʼѿˣò˶öѹͻ᳤һѹֲǺѵ飬ʹǻԪһ֮Ҳûм꣬ô׾ٵֲɹΧŨ΢΢һЦ˳֮
͸磬͸磡ͻȻ⴫ˮٵĺֹͣ˳顣
ôˣʵ
Եˣˮ˵
Ŷˣ
ţԵ˵Ѿûʲôˣֻǲܶˮ˵
ţϾôصϣȻشκƤˣĽҪһһ˵
磡
ţúϢ͵˵ͷ
磬ǸգԵʵ
ţĸӮˣԺ¶Ҫı󶯣ԷŲΪ߳ΣôҲ̨һû£Ȼˮѹһӵģ˵
ʹСµľһ˵æ˵ͷʵԵﻹһ仰û˵ҲֻΪǫ̂һӮˣ
Ϊ콣ŵܿʹɽУϢֻ΢΢һЦûʿʱǷ𾪣
֮вûʤǿ飬ͺ֮ǲĸΣϻһ׿Ʒİ£
ƺһҲְ֥ɻĿ졣
㱾¶ûеĻὫö΢΢һЦ
ͺİ֥Ц
ı󶯣˵мҵķɡЦ
Ҳǣһʼվͱǣűߣټϸľ޻Ҳ֮У֥˵ͷ˵
ɶ񣡿ɶ콣ɵžȻһɢУôţΪʲôȥˣ콣ɵפһһ콣ŴСУ֪˻Ϊһ콣ɵأ
ֵվȻһٰ
˵㲻Ǻקôʱˣһ
շ˷аʱ˵ǰײǹ𣿵˾ˣ
ߣ㲻ҪΪҲ֪Щʲô͹ﲻ׼һ
ʼ򣬶˵ҲûʲôϵǶһӣҲ˽һǶûˣ
žžһյϵ˼£һһ׵ģ
֣סҵվֵĿһ
ҹһ£һߵ
յϵһ㣬ûһͨˣڵһȻϾͷˣһվ첻


25 ֮
µԵѾ´ߣ֮мӽеҩһ
ĽݽĴ֮еõġԼеĶʱͷһöڲͬͨͨ徧Өһö淺ѪɫĹء
ͺ֮½ʶעСö֮Ͳ֪ö֮мصľȻħöҲĽݽĶֻǵʱûϸŴⱾ
ò˵ЩħߵǰȷʵǣȻô辶ԴΪٶȣƽĶۣҲһĶܿ죬ͽ뷨Ժ󣬵Ϊνа֮һЩǰԣħչ죬ȴĪ©һζ׷ٶȣĲȣ̫ǳպΪзŪþͻ߻ħٲ
ҪǻǰõöһԥλעԵħȴڶʱڻǿ
֮͵뷨ıˣԼϣǽɽҲǲܣħּķͲŲ
ȻͲ׼ħ֮пǼ˲ħνķֻʹ÷ˣѧ˶岻κεĺʿˮԵķһ㡣
ħնҪһ㷨ǿ󣬴һ˵ħƺΪսģö֮мصļַǿ󲻹żȽϸ߶Ҫ߲ҲЩ֮ͻһֺȤħ֮
ν֮ıԼò򵥵˵֮֮ͬһ֮֮ͨױ˿֮Ǹ߹ʹȼ޷ġ
Ҳ˵ڵʹ֮ĻҪᵤʿܿʹڵߵĻҪԪӤڵϹܿˡ
ڶܳᵤʿһ˵ԪӤʿˣ仰˵ݶδܿ
һõҲǼѣһʱȻҪϵ˲εľҪʮ죡
ʲôЦݰһҵ˲ζôҵ˲һֻǸıòĹ
Ȼ˲ڸ֮Ҳֲ˭Ҳɵ˷ô˲һżߵĹ
֪֮ͷǵûоɥеˣôҲζżʹĽ֮Ҳû֮Ͳõı˲õ֮ˣϵ˲ζڱ˵ǱǶ˵ֻͨҩˣ֮ݵ˲˵Ҳа꣬˵İˣ
֮Ȼ浫ֻһŸԵķϲôѣֻǻ˰ͽ֮յĲˣ˵Ҳû˲ξĸò֮ԭҲܹ˽ġ
ȻҪϵ˲εĻ;ȡһ˲гһСƬһСƬ̷һ͵Ȼ˱ɱĽݽò̬һģһܵĽݼȥһĻĽݼҼ϶ϲĽݽ˼ٰġ
״̬άһңͱָԼò
ڴ֮ÿ춼˲θ֮֮άֵʱҲԭȵһӱʱµʱͽһĽݼҶɵ֮ˣ۾Ǽʮݵ˲Ρ
һ֮ͱڷеĵ֮䣬ÿһҵͶỻһͬףľǳҩڸıòȫû˺֮ǣһӾͳ۴ҩ굽겻ȡ
ټϿʿʶҲĻᱻ˸٣ڶ̶̵һ֮ͱϰҩһʱϵʯѾʮ
صջ֮ϸһԼʯʮǧʮĿƷʯ⼸ȵһɵлˡ
ͿŴ֮ʯЦˣ˭뵽һǰһΪһʯۻߵġ
׼ôʯȻΪ֮ɽˣһͺϳֵĶɶǾƷһһ֮и򲻵Ĳ˵һŪ͹ɽжûҵһƵĹһεҪһεĴĶֵ࣬ĶȻҲǸá
ȥ̽һԵȷԵ֮ͱصԼķڴϿʼ
ȻͿԺƽɽжΪ͵Ϊַˣһ֮ڳһٶϧҩʹøɼͬŵζҰһ㣬ɽ϶ˣ
Ǯϣ⵽ô£ɽ֮ôͻȻðôϧҩ콣ɵʵ
ҲѾȥˣźܿͻнģǮҡҡͷ
ĽкʧǷֳһҩ˾ȻͬһˣǴҩƷЩҩǳͬһ֣֮ԶԷܹ֮֮ƭ˶ԷȻҲһڵʿ
ȻǵĵûʲôⲢ֮ᣬҪɽϿάֿ»ûеɽῪʼɽоѾѪɺˣ
ҩȻҩһͷɴŮӿһĽ૵
С㣬ٵݾȻﵽ꣬ʲôôһ֮ڳô߼ҩ
֪ݼʹҰٲҲûôϧҩʲô˻ʲôôֱʣŮ̾˿
ʦ֣ɽеĵ̽Ҳյҩһ˲ΣĽ٣öİѹһ콣ɵĵӶһ˵
һӵ֮˵ͷôϧҩǺôֱʣԷȻҳ۾֤ԷбҪҲ޴Ӳȥɣ
ʦ֣
ҲյʮҩȵĿԼĸɽׯׯС
ţɽׯɽ̣ܹ֮յôҩҲ֮Се˵ͷ
ɽжΪļҩðɽῪʼ
Ϳ΢΢һЦȻǹʵεεȫһԵԵˮž޴ȵ˵
֮ǰ;Ѿʹ֮ԵˮǴΪ׼ƤߣݹõĶڱϾȫȲ͵֮ˣǿʶݻҲʶ̽


26 
һԵˮ˾ͱĴֱʸŵˣͨȻˣƷõĲ֮һһͿʮϰٰѵƷˣ֮˵Ҳмʮĵ൱ֲģ
Ҫһֺŷ䣬֮ҪĻֻҪ֮ӦʯֺŷҪǧʯңֺŷҪһʯֺŷҪʯȻȫֺŷ䵫Ϊ˲עֻѡֺŷ䡣
õķֶŷ䡣
öǿһ°ɣǺаġָŰϵö˵
ţ˸һöʶУ֮мصĶǴ棬ԭ֮ôĶ
ԭ֮ô಻˼Ķ֮͸̾
ЦЦҪŬԼΪȻЩĶǶ޷ʶ
ţһŬԼΪԵ˵ͷ˵
óöָˣЩһֱװ˷˲εӣ˵ʵҪ˲κóԶˡ
֨֨֨֨һŵζѰ˳۰Ͱ͵Ŀе
СһһгԵĶܵı˭죡Цһ֮óһöӸѰ
֨֨֨֨Ѱ󿴵ֻ۾гһˣæֻצץס꣬ꡱĿҪǱ߿;ȻιһֻѰĻɱĶˡ
С׺ÿɰˮѰ̬Ц
ɰͲɵķ˷ֻۣѰ֪Ҫ֮ⶼûʲô춼ˮСһ
ˮҪѰѾټˣҪǱ˷ѰĻܶ಻Ҫ鷳Ͷ
İ͸磬С׺ܹԵģС׵ˮѰ˹ָ
꣡ѰѸٵĽеһƵ˵ˮĻˮ·֮Уֻ¶һͷ棡
ͺԵ˿һĻɵˣѰĵطȻˮؿڣ
ɫ󣡡ͬʱΪ˵ˮȴԴ˺֪Ҳֻܸ̾Сʵ̫ˡ
û֮оѾɽ˺ˣһεվ̨µʿ˵ҲǧˣһλҪϲ٣ֺŷҲѾȫˣֺŷߴ඼µߣͿԴ󵨵ķųԼʶ̽飬ڵֺźֺŷûˣڵֺźֺŷп϶ڵʿڣʶ̽һֺܲѺõΪͲ²ֺź͵ֺŷӦҲˡ
Ϳ˿ԼеʯҲ˲ٵĵɽׯ֮ҲδһóʮʯͿû浽ΪЩֻң֮ʯʲôϡĶЩԴģЩݳưôÿ϶˲ٵĶûóֻǻûҪˡ
ͻȻеĵƹһһòŮӴ֮Ҳһö˿֮
Ůӣ̾һѾǵλŮ޵ò֮ϣ;Ȼ͸λŮ޵Ϊ
ʿԺ֮ĸ֡͵ʶʿΪʿΪ϶ʿû뵽һľȻһʿ
㺮ӣǹ㺮ӣ
û뵽һľȻǴȺիĹ㺮ӣ
΢΢һЦ㺮˾Ȼʶǹªˣ
Ե˵ͷû뵽ôŮӣ
Լλ类㺮סˮɵľ˾죺ʲô˲ģҳҿ϶ˮ㺮ڵ۰֮°͹µٺԼԱε̾˿
λѻӭһ֮һᣬϣҸӣ㺮΢΢ЦһЦеʿ崺磡
Ϳ̨ϵĹ㺮εҡҡͷ㺮˲Ҳģ㺮Ļʿ϶Ҫݺݵһˡ
Ϳóڳʿ֮вٶ㺮סˣЩʿԹ㺮аĽ֮ģʹֺŷеʿҲһ
֮˽֮Ҳ⣬ο㺮ΪߵŮ޸˫޵Ѷ
ǱĵһȹƷһǧƷʯ򵥵ĽܣԹ㺮ӶôУû˵Щʲô˵Ļ˾ģ㺮ӵĸȴܺõֲһȱ㡣
㺮ӻűۣȻҪڹ㺮ǰúñһ
һǧƷʯ

һǧƷʯ
ԵǼȹƯŶˮ˫۷ŹĿ̨ϵĽȹ
Ϳ˿ˮȹΪŮ׼ģȻˮѾһǷ˭ӶģҿˮҲܾ̾
ǧƷʯͱһ˶ȵļ۸
ˮǳԾĳͣ͸硭㣡
͵Ǹɣ΢΢һЦ
ǧʯϣԼҩ͵ʮƷʯټĽݽе˵Ҳʮʯǧʯˮľͻֵã
ͱǧƷʯĸ߼֮Ĭˣȹļ۸ҲһǧİƷʯңһǧʯļ۸ǿڹ㺮ӵϲŻᱨģ͵ǧƷʯѾԶԶȹļֵȻҶڹ㺮ǰ¶һҲû׼ʯȥ
ǧƷʯһΣ
ǧƷʯڶΣ
ǧƷʯΣ
ɽȹ͹ֶŷĵã㺮Ц
΢΢һЦȹˮˣ
лл͸磡ˮЦ
ڳʿȴҡҡͷֺŷеʿҲᳬһʯǵһͻȥǧƷʯҲζԵıˣ
ıһҩһһݵҩ˵ûܹ߻ʿʣһҲƳɻܹԻϵһĵֿ׼һǧƷʯ㺮˵
ʣһ㶡
Ҫ֪ľ߻ʵĻôͽж⡣Ҳ֪һöԶԶģҲѲͣĴֻҪһöʱĻôĻ϶ʣһҲٶü


27 ߳
һöһҵĻĵ׼۾ȻҲҪһǧƷʯֻ˵˲ֵǮˣȻʵڳ߶ԴȴûʲôȤϾЧҲֻǴ˵ˣû֤ʵȷЧҾЧҲһöܰ쵽飬һöҪһǧƷʯеҲе
䳡㺮ε̾˿ļʶô᲻֪ڳЩʲôһǧƷʯһöԼûжôĻɵϵΪ
һǧƷʯ⵭һһ֮мһˮһ㣡
һǧƷʯһǧƷʯֶŷĵѳһǧƷʯиߵ𣿡㺮Ӽ˵
˱ܱ֤Ʒģβù㺮Ӽ
һǧƷʯһΣ
һǧƷʯڶΣ
һǧƷʯΣ
ɽϲֶŷĵٻһ㺮΢΢һЦ
˵Ϊֺù㺮ӣһöûκôĻȻҲԸһǧƷʯ֪֮Ѿһαӵıǩ
õȴãһֵ̫ˣʲôòҲѾˡҪʲô
ʣĻʶ
ȻҲһ仰ܲ׾ڷֲʵĲĻĸô٣
˵Ҫľ֮·ߵøԶλʼʹİҲֻܴﵽʮˣҪ̤ǲܵ飡һ㣬һνһ
̫˷˰ɣûʲôôԵͻǮôִŵĶʱˡ
İɣзִ磡΢΢Ц
Եεҡҡͷ磬ȻЩʯģҲô
εķ˷ۣ֪ˣᾫϸģ
Եε̾˿Լĸ绨ʯִŵԵĶڵѪ
һһöѣƱɳ֮ʮĸ֣׼һǧʯÿμӼ۲õʮʯ㺮˵
֮һĶܹɳʮϵ޸ߵѡһͷսҫ൱ãѱ޶ͳΪޣ
һǧʮʯ
һǧٰʮʯ
һǧŰʯ
ǧһʯ

ǧİʯ
һöǧİʯļ۸һɢ޵õ
ļﶼһЩҩһЩƷķͶЩ᲻̫ȤԵˮ˿ĽζģֻǿһûУҲ֪ĲȤͻǮ
ͷǲˣڹʿżзֵĶ㺮Ц
ʿż̨һƬȻʲôǹʿżͷѾ㹻θڵˣʹҲȤĿ̨ϵĶ
Ʒ׼ǧʯÿμӼ۲õһʯ㺮Ӽ˵
ۣ͸պȽĲȫ˳
ûиһƿȻǧƷʯʯ˰ɣ۸֮ĵһӦ
ڳʿƿ֮еƷʱǷһ㣡۸ǣת֮۸ѾǧƷʯ
ҷ˻Ƿˣʵ
ǷˣԵˮͬĻشҲΪʲô˻˵ķ
ֻڵõһֵҩˣһƿƷ뵤ļ۸ҲֻʮʯңһƿƷȻҪǧʯһôʿԸۣ
ΪƷĳ֣ӭ˵һεĸ߳
Ʒֻڴ˵вŴڵĵҩ˵Բʿͻ֮ʱһƷܴĳɹʣЧ̨µʿ˵
Ŷԭô°͵˵ͷ
ƷôǿЧĻ۸Ҳ֮УϾһöҪǧƷʯңһұ֤һöܳɹһЩùʿûɹ
һƿƷҲţǧʯĻҪ˲١Ʒȫͻû˵ʲôʦܹ֤Ʒġ
Ʒļ۸Ҳһ·һֱǧƷʯȶ
ǧʯϾѾƿƷļˣҪóʯҪǲǻˣϾƷҲֻĳɹʰ˶Ǳ֤
ǧƷʯһΣ
ǧƷʯڶΣ
ǧƷʯΣ
ɽƿƷ͹ĺŷĵã㺮˵
ƽһԼ֮㺮ЦЦҲû뵽ϾȻôĺöոһƿƷѾĶˣһƷ˲ã
㺮Ӿͱˣ˵ʲôɣ̨µЦ
ãҪǡ
žžžֺŷд˼豭ѵʹֺŷҲ⣡
ʲôһ㶣֮˵ͷз䵫Ǵû˵ġ
ЩѲ֪Ϊҽһ°ɡõΪǷֻںʹõģΪᵤʿ֮ԼķӵͨͷȷֱǲֵһᡣһЩᵤΪչǵĺ󱲻ὫԼϵͨһƳɷ䣬ǷˣǼװķȻֻǼ׵ķȴƷ㺮˵
һηˣ
ö֮еͨ¾ɽʹʿöеͨҲҪԪˣöʹΣ㺮һһذը
һͶĶˣʿıû˲ĶģȻֻʹεⲢļֵ
¾ɷ׼ǧƷʯÿμӼ۲õһʯ
˻һЩʿɵõһǧʯĵ׼Ҳųɵʿ֮⣡ܹ֧ŵ۸ҲֻеֺźֺŷеЩˣ
˼Ķأ˵ҪҪأЦ
ˮԵΪԼɵ㶵Ŀ͡
ΪʲôôңϳˣЦ
磬ǿǧƷʯˣôʯԵ˵
ǣǣ͸㲻ҪҪûʯǾͲˣˮҲ͵
û뵽ԵˮﾹȻôģ
Ҿ˵𣿡ʵ
ǿûôʯ͸˰ɣҪˣˮ˵
̾˿ȻôͰǧƷʯɣ󼸸Ǻģ


28 ֮
ǧƷʯǧƷʯֶŷĵѳ۰ǧƷʯ㺮Ӽĺ˳
֮еʿ̲סֶŷ˼ۣϺ˻һӾͼӼǧʯģȻǧƷʯļ۸񲢲ǺףϾļֵأ۸Ȼǳֺŷ䣬ôеˡ
磬ǧƷʯôʯԵɥ˵
İɣʯеģ΢΢һЦ
Եεҡҡͷǡ
ǧƷʯı۴ԵĻ
ǧƷʯ
ǧƷʯ
ȻһСʹǵֺźֺŷеʿҲ뵽У
һƷʯ͵˵
һһƷʯֺŷеʿҧҧ
һǧƷʯıһڳʿȵļ۸һƷʯʲô⼸һеһܺˣ
һǧһʯŷеʿȻ۸Ѿļˣ
һǧƷʯһμӼһǧƷʯߵԵˮѾʯ״̬ԼĸĲӳʯԵԼһ㡣
ŷеʿεҡҡͷȻϻʯȴѾټӼ۵뷨ȻϡеҲֻΰˣһƷʯһƷˣҪ֪һϵƷ۶Ҳֻʯˣ
һǧƷʯһΣ
һǧƷʯڶΣ
һǧƷʯΣ
ɽö͹ֶŷĵˣ㺮Ӽ˵
һǧƷʯֵеˣֶ֪еʿǺηʥҾȻ˷񣬲ǹ㺮ڵʿҲ뷨
һЩʿųʶֶ̽ŷеǵǵʶոսֶŷʶͱشһЩʿƺһɫ԰һ־Ŀڵķ䣡
еĿ棺ʮһ㣬ʮ㣬кܶ˶Һܺ氡
ࣣͻȻһֵ漴ɫһ䣬ԼʶУ
һγֵľȻʿһֹһȻĸʿųԼʶ̽䣬ĸʿʶʹҲòСӦԣ
ĵʶ͵ʶסֺŷĸʿ̲סüͷһ壬ǵʿȻ֮һβԼһ˳֣ĸʿʶȻĸʿ־£ԷȻǿز
ܿĵʶ˳ȥȻ͵סĵʶԼҲ۵ˣһֵ֮λʿʶȻʲôɵ飬ĸʿڼһᣬϢʱͿ¶֧Ųס
ǿԷʲôͷĸʿһ־ȻԷʶʦ֮°콣ɵǮһ뵽Ǻ嫵ʶͷϾͲ亹
ȻܹסλʿʶԷΪȻҪǸߵĶ࣬ҲڻҲ˵һް߰׵ߵ˵
ڣ̫ܰɣǮϾȵĿԼʦ֡
Ҳɣ˵Ϊ϶֮£ߵ˵
Ǯͬеĵ˵ͷʿʶΪǳȵģΪԽǿʶȻҲԽǿǵ֪֮ʱģ˭뵽ĸʿ˵ľȻֻһССʿأ
û°ɣһɴŮӽʵ
ȿȿȣû£ֻǱԷʶһ°ˣûд󰭵ģһüĿЦҡҡͷ
ԷʲôˣǰڵʶĶ֣Ůʵ
ҡҡͷԻȻû䵫Ȼвٸִڣʵ벻ʲôˡ
ǸֺŷȻûʲôǿɲ԰£ٲţǰİǰٲҲηɽׯ֮ˣŮ˵
ɣԷܹһóһƷʯȻʲôȱǮʿҰٲźóӦĶҡҡͷ
һĻȻĿȥĿ쵫ǻǱһЩ˲ˣվ̨ϴ΢ЦĹ㺮ӣһĲ·ù㺮ǾȣԭΪֶŷеֻһӵܵû뵽Ȼӵд˵ʵ
㺮Ŀ֮ʵΪ𣬹㺮Ҳ⣬ΪһŮûбҵһǿĵ¸ȫˡ
Ҳ֪Լ֮оͱ㺮ӸˣҪǱ㺮֪ΪĻһͷײǽϵĶ˰ɡ
㺮΢΢һЦλ뿴һ
㺮ƿ첼֮ʱ۾ʱֱˣߵԵĺҲ쳣أ۾һЩĪĻ棬·Ҫӿһ㣡ڳʿҲֱֱĿ̨ϵı
֮壡㺮ֻ˵ĸ־סڳеʿ
֮壬ȻǴ˵еĴ֮壬¯ѡ񰡣һʿе
¯̲סüͷԵˮҲһĿԵʿ
Ҳѹͺˮֱ飬¯˫޲ͬ˫ʿԸݻ¯ȴͬΪ¯ΨһþǲϹ˲ɲȵڵĴ֮֮ʱҲ¯ϵʱ
֮ջǿһЩڵǿҲ⶯ϾΪﵽҪͻѾǧˣҲһӶֻδת֮֮ڵһԲɲ͵ĻҲܹͻҲ˵
֮壬׼һǧʯ㺮ӵ˵ǹ㺮ӵȴ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ͬΪŮ˿ŮӳΪ˵¯㺮ҲòôܣǱϾʿܿͽЩ֮Ժ
һǧʯĸ߼ڳʿһǲûôʯЩʯŵģ¯ĻǸ˵˽£Ҳζǲŵʯ֮塣ǼʹʿҪһóһǧʯҲûм
һεĳ棬㺮Ҳߴ٣ֻǾվ̨ϵʿıۡ
һǧʯüͷ
͸òҪǸŮӵ¯ɣˮĿͣˮ·ڵѰҲǲмĿͣ
ʱû㣬ǸŮƯģҪҲ˵԰ԵЦ
ԵȻ˵ͷԵӦһҪ֪仰ֻǿЦˣԵɫԽԾ
磬ϻжʯԵʵ
ôˣԵʵ
ҪӦͻȻ˳
ţԵ˼ĵ˵ͷ


29 ľ
ͺˮùԵԵ޲һطȥ
һǧƷʯ̾˿˼۸Ȼ֪ΪʲôԵҪ󣬵ǼȻԼܹ쵽ҪԵ
㺮˱΢΢һ㶣ԭΪһҪˣ˭û뵽;Ȼˣ
磡ԵĿ͡
ȻҲ֪ҪŮӸʲôǼȻҪģȻᾡ㣡΢΢һЦ
һǧʯŷдһͳ
һǧʯ͵˵һ
һǧƷʯŷеʿҲʾ
򣡡üͷһ塣
˰ɣ͵û˵ɣԵ۸ԽԽ߼æ˵
һǧ
򣡡ֱӼ˾ǧʯ
˻ڳʿ̲סһôֱʣΪһ֮徹ȻƷʯ
ɶ񣡡ĺŷһʿ¶׹⣬Ļһᾪȣ˾ȻݵһɻԪһʯɽ
˵ʯɽѾԲĸֻһͻɽ𵤣Ѿʮ࣬ʯɽҲѾһʮĸˣڵĴҲֻʣһٶ꣬ʯɽһٶ֮ԼĻѽɽ𵤡
һϳֵĴ֮Ǿѵ¯˴¯ܹᵤļʣʯɽҲû뵽ݾȻ˸ҺŸɣ
ȻʯɽΪԪһڵҲʯƷʯĸ߼ȻвʵҲֻܷ
ʯһΣ
ʯڶΣ
ʯΣ
ϲֶŵĵѣ㺮Ц
һεҲʿĿ⼯еڵֶŷϸһĻϸոմ֮ŮѾǧƷʯʿڲ²ֶŷе˵Ǻηʥ
ʱȸһ䣬λѿʱϢһ£ʱ֮ٴѾ±ĵѿɰʯȡ߱㺮΢΢һЦ˵껹˿ڵֶŷ
һ漴߳˷䣬͸ֶ߳ŷͷּеʿ˾ȵԭǰ˾Ȼֻ㣡֮ΪԺŵ˵ǵ׵Ĵڣ
£Ȼֻ㣡ʯɽüͷ
ʶϵ͵ɨɨȥüͷһ壡
ʹһЩʶ̽͵ʿɫһף漴һѪ˳
ЩʿĿͣҲû뵽һֻʿȻӵôǿʶ
ԷΪеʿԺ֮ж뷨
ǿʶڵʿݺʱôһλʿˣʯɽ૵
Ǿλǰ𣿺ǿʶŮӾ̾
콣ɵǮҲ̲ס˼Ѫո̽⼸ʶ֮оα͵ʶشʹʿҲܲˡ
΢΢̾˿ȻԼʶȷǿҲʶˡȻܹشԷʶֻڶԷųʶ̽Լʱܰ쵽Ϊʱǵʶȫǲġ
Ҫһʶķͺˣаӵʶķ͵սһ޴ķԾʹǶʿҲδûһս֮
ǿϧʶķϡ٣Ҳδóһʶķ˵ʶķˣ
ʿ֮ͱ߽׼ķ֮С
ǰһԲʿ˵
аЦԷһʮĸֵȴԼϹϾġ΢΢˵ͷϷҪĵĶóɣ
ǰˣһǧƷʯԲʿȺ¾ɷλӵд֮Ů͵ǰ
ʱͲлĹۿӵд֮Ůµټһͷںڵ㷢һζټŮľȻеԲ
ǧƷʯӳһ
Բʿʶһ£ȷ֮˵ͷǰߺã
Ϳ˿ŮҡҡͷһֱҲǰ취ȴϰɣ
Ůһ㶾ɵĿ;ǲҽеĽȹ
ȴϰɣ͵˵
ŮãȻĵ˵ͷ˽ȹ
Ͱ̾һŮӴϽȹ֮Ȼȹ㺮ӻҪƯ֡
ӽ֮ͱŮӻصֶŷ֮С
͸ҵĽȹôϣˮľС죡
СĴζҲ̫˰ɣֻû·ˣһ·ɣ΢΢һЦ
ŶˮӴóһ·Ůӵǰ
ͿһԵԵüͷԽ⿪Ȼ֮˰ɣ
Ůһ嶼ɪɪֵĿͣ㡭ô֪
ԭǲ֪ģȻҵ֮ܵȻҪȻңҲΪֻһʿȻһܼ򵥵ɣ͵˵
㡭롭ôŮʵ
ܼ򵥣⿪ҵܵܵͬʱĵϸȫ֪ڵƺûɣߵ
ðɣŮӳԵһ
Ե۾˲ָ֮ͻȻһŮһɻĿ͡
˵ɣ㵽ʲô˵
ûʲôֻ֮֮еõģŮӺָܿ˵
ߵ
ģû˵ѣҪʲôĻҾͲֻΪˣŮһίĿ͡
Ҳõģеɱһ
ŮɫһεĴͷǺϻɵĴˣ
ϻɣʲôɣû˵üͷ
ԶŵһɣѾʧʷĺ֮УҲֻõ˺ϻɵġľ̤·һᵽľŮϾһƬ죡
ŮˣˮƲƲ˵һϻ־ɲʲôɡ
ľأó˵
ŮҲ֪Լչϵ׸ԼĸһһɫĶ漴䣡һĻһ㶣ʶûзŮӸ⣬ʵ̫ˣ
ͼƤһĶƤֻ֮Ǽʮе֣һͼƬЩͼƬ࣡
ͼƬϾȻһŮϣҲǧٹ֣
𾪵ͼƬϵŮ·ǻһ㣡Ȼ治Ŀͺصһ˫֮е˫֮ͬ˫֮ŮΪ仰˵˳ŮӲɲĶ


30 ѩ
һ쾭пԵ֪ϻһŮΪɣڵĴȺի࣬ʽȫԯޣϻɽŮ˫ޣȺիȴǽĹ
ֵŮˡľȴ赣
ûаķʵ
Уֻǡֻǡֻûͼһ뵽Щ˵ͼŮӵͺһƬ
˵˵ôᱻץסģ͵˵
Ҳ֪һʱˣŮί˵
͸㲻ҪĻţˮ˵
͵˵ͷİɣһ
ԵǶҿŮһۣ߲ΪȻһֻŮӸȻˣ뵽һԵϾͻġ
ҲܹԵȻԵΪ͵ģδ£ŮӵҲ֮С
ȻˣΪȻ߲ԵҲ˵ŮġľĲ
Ƥս֮λϣ
ŮһԥǲҪȥǿеĺâͷһԼң
͵ִŮӵ֣עŮӵ֮У
˶;ȵĿŮӣ
˶ôܣԵùŮӡ
³¼һ£Ůӵȷǰ˶;Ȼ鲻ŮʲôԵ
ʲôԵͶŮʵ
ҲŮ΢΢̾˿
£ѵ֮УɻĿŮӡ޵֪ʶʵ벻ͨΪʲôŮӵԣҲֻ÷
·ߣһ·һ·ѡһ¶⡣
·ѡ·ŮӾֵĿ͡
ľѪԼӽԺΪ˵
ŮҧҧǽԼľѪͽξѪڶͷͱ㷢ԼŮ֮佨һصϵ
ˣʲô֣ʵ
㣡Ůӵ˵
ԺŮˣֻҪúǲģǡľʱҲҪˣⱾξȥ͵˵
һ㶣ԭΪʿԼĿǰ¯û뵽ȻֻѾô򵥣
ҪǱеʿ֪ͻƷʯֻһŮĻ֪θ롣
ǣ㹧ĵ˵ͷ
ʵ˶ߵﶼܳ㣬ǲ֪ʲôԭȻᱻŪδ֪˶ʾǹԲٶҲҪһ߿Ķ࣡
ʱ˵һξ͹㺮һε̨ʱ̨µʿ˫ĿŹ㺮ӣƯŮﶼܹע
λѸոյеĺܳɹǼһεɽᣡһƷƷѩ룡һٶʮ֧ɷ֮һƷѩĺҺƶɣʱӰԷ׼ǧƷʯÿμӼ۲õʮʯ㺮˵
ɽƺֳ˼֣ƷļֵҲǴӵ͵ԽԽ
ԱѩķҲֻڵڶгΪһıѩȻֻƷȴͷڶ֮ͷӰȥ٣߷ʤҪѩ뻹ǳ׵ķȻƷֻƷһٶʮ֧ѩƷ
Ȼ˱һͽ᳡յ֮ͬǰĻƷʹ֮ŮּʵıѩȴʵʵģеʯʿԾԾԡ˭֪ӵһǿķڶ֮лռƣԽսҲǲܣ
ǧʮʯ
ǧһʯ
ǧһʮʯ


ǧƷʯ
һһӣױѩļ۸ҲǧƷʯֵĶһЩɢ޶ڵֺźֺеʿûбۡ
ǧƷʯĺŷеʿ˵
۸̨µɢɫһȻ۸ѾǵĳܷΧǧƷʯҪ˵ɢ޾еľӢҲδܹõó֮ǰֺź͵ֺŷеʿûв뱨۲ΪȤǲмЩɢһ𱨼ۣɢǵļ֮ͱһɢĪļ۸ȻڿʼɢѾ˳˱۵УΪڿʼѾֵܹˣ
ǧƷʯһŷеʿ˵
ǧʮƷʯԪһʯɽҲ뵽˱۵֮С
ʯɽ콣ɵǮϺͰٲҲ˱۵УЩͷļʹֺŷеʿҲֻεҡҡͷ
һױѩЩͷƺ־ڱصãһͷƷһЩͷĶԼòҲԴ͸µĵʹãһʱױѩļ۸
һһױѩļ۸ѾǧƷʯ
ЩͷļӼҲĶˣôͷĶȻǷҲȷȱһǿķ
Ȼٻᦵ˵ȴù⣬ƽƽƽս֮ҲûжãҪñѩһͷߵʶкܸߵҪ󣬿Ҳֻʮϵʿǿܶʹãʶǡ͵ǿ˭Ҳ뵽һʿȻӵпʿʶȻҲ벻ܹǧѩַ
ؼʱ׷ҲΪɱʹãϾɱֶ˭Ӷ࣬ڶթɱԽ˼ҳ㷹硣
ǧһƷʯ
ʱһױѩļ۸ҲѾǧһƷʯ̾˿ǧʯ
ͱ۹㺮һϲֶŷеĵѳǧƷʯǧƷûиߵģǧƷʯиߵģ
ǧʮʯʯɽһ
һʿ֮;Ȼеһ˿ɱ⣬϶Է֮вҶ֣
ǧ߰Ʒʯ˵
ʯɽǿѹԼŭݵһɵȻĴαƣʯɽûеѾˣ
ǧ߰ƷʯһΣ
ǧ߰ƷʯڶΣ
ǧ߰ƷʯΣ
ϲֶŷĵѣ㺮Ц
˱ѩҲʶԼƺЩˣῪʼһĶĿڴ֮У˸ߵΪѾ˸ɵע⣬ԼȥĻҲɱ֮ԼԶˣ
ϣڵʶܹסǣ΢΢̾˿˵


31 
ĶǼֱȽϧҩҲ඼ңмҩû˵㺮ӵĽ⼸ҩƺһֵҩرҩֵҩڵʿ˵ױȵջǽϵʲôģЩҩһĶʯɽ
ݵĳ֥ǧƷʯ
ʮݵϵǧ˰Ʒʯ
һʮݵıǧƷʯ
ʮݵҶǧƷʯ
һöƷ޷ԵڵǧƷʯ
һƿƷ޷ԵľѪǧƷʯ
ݵһɵʵһչ¶ţʯɽһֵܼҲﵽǧһƷʯֱ׷͵ǧƷʯ
öҲǧʯĸ߼ֻۣµʿãȻļ۸ü
⼸Ͷûг֣һͲЩļֵǲݵһɵͻȻͲǰ漸ҩʲôõǺĶƷ޵ڵ;Ѫ̶ȴ
һľڣ϶й㷺ã֮м޵ڵܴĳɹʺ͵ҩƷʣڷǶ޵ڵ֮ҲܽΡƷ޵ڵǿ
ϵû뵽ʯɽȻ׼ϵٲ̾˿˵
ϵѵʯɽѾϵĲϣŮһ
ٲЦŵ˵ͷ˴ĵռϵĲϣûмҲˣͻɽ𵤵ĻݶҪ׳Ƴˣ
ϵôƵģǵɼҲһңʯɽҲûôĲȥϵɣŮ˵
ϣ˰ɣȻҰٲž;ĩ·ˣٲ̾˿˵
ͻȻ̨µʿɧ
ǺɳǺɳٲоһ
ǺɳǸڷмһ÷ޱȼӲǺɳŮӳԾʵ
ǺɳƷļƷϰ
Ǻɳһ׼ǧƷʯÿμӼ۲õһʯ㺮סԼе̰˵ǺɳıɲʹڵʿҲǷ۲
ȻֻһǺɳȴʮˣƷ֮ʱֻһǺɳ÷ޱȼӲһǺжʮ
ֶŷеͲɵ̾˿Լʶ̫ˣһеĴ󲿷ֱû˵˵֪Щʲôˣ
ˣ˺ŷһʿЦ
ǺɳһƷһͷ˵
ܳϴ˻棡һ˿ϲ
Ȼ棬ҪһƷĻͱһǺɳ˿Ʋɣܳϵ˵ͷ
޷޷һƷļֵȵϼʮƷЦ
ǧƷʯ˹Ц
ڳеʿһ㶣׷ײ²˺ŷеʿʲôͷȻһӾͼǧƷʯ
ʯɽ˼Ŀ˿˺ŷ䣺𣿡
ȻһӼӼǧʯסڳʿҲһ¼Ӽǧʯԭ˾ڳʿһ־ڱصãϺܳļɣ˼ӼҲˮƽǧƷʯǺɳļ۸ϼӵĻͳǺɳԭļֵˣΪڵеģ
ǧƷʯһΣ
ǧƷʯڶΣ
ǧƷʯΣ
ɽǺɳ͹˺ŷĵˣ㺮˵
ĵ˵ͷܳϻȥ֮Ҫ鷳ˣ
ģ֮ϷȻ㾡ȫƷܳϵ˵ͷ
ֵ֮ļȻϣ˼ʿ֮ྡСͶһżȫһϲͨȻûȥЩϡ
ҪʿڵֶŷĻһ˾ȻһöŵöȻϵ
һƬհףʵ벻ͨһʿôôĶϵȻˮãѵ֪Щ϶ĵǧʯ㿴еҲǲҲǣ
ͿԥЦЦ԰ɣЩЩ˿ޱȵȴƽ֮
ԵˮҲ˵ͷһǿ֤
Ϊһǳ˱չ֮⼸ÿ춼һЩİҵȻǵΪҲ֮졣
ȻҲܺǴõôݵҩģǳڶ͵Ƕûʡ
ȻǩԼֻҪΪҰǲģЩҩֻǿͷˣ΢΢һЦ
Ͳǰ㵱һū澸ǵһȻԵ˶֮ҲǱֻҪú㽫һΪһ
ǣˣ˵ͷ͵򵥵ĻеԹ˲١
ŶȤĶˣȤĿ̨ϵı
񣡾ļʦһֲ龡϶ǺʸȡЧԵͼΪһǧƷʯûмӼ۵ƣ㺮˵
ֵݵĺУֻΪеͿһǧƷʯƺе㲻ϳ뵽
ôڳʿ뷨ʵǿкر֮˴һ˿֮ûκεص㣬һ꼸ʮҩҲҪǿϲ٣ĶҲҪһǧƷʯȻ˲
ʯɽΪ׵ļʿʶ̽ű˿ûз֣ҡҡͷʿΪ֮Ȼû˻ȥˣ
һֱش͵֮еȴһ¶ƺĲ
ԴӵõͻǵһοַӦǿѾ͵Уһ쳣ͱһǧƷʯļ۸
ͱ۵һɲǼеʿĿⶼۼϣһ뵽֮ǰô༦ֻ֮ǵǮûˣʹʯɽҲûķ룬ϾǶѾʶ̽˲ûзֱʲôر
Ҳ㺮ԼΪ˾ģȷ϶ûȷϣֱһǧƷʯļ۸ȷ˱ĹڳʿԴҲûκϾһԼ׼µĶ˭Ĺأ


32 򻪾
Ҳû뵽ԼȻôɵľĵϸƺҲûʲô˵ĵطһҲֻѰ֮ˣ˵ǻһǧƷʯˣ
ˮ飡Ʒӵдˮɻ׼һǧƷʯÿμӼ۲õʮƷʯ㺮ָһöɢĹ˵
ˮȻһƷҲûʲôͷȴӵбˮܣĶöˮֻϾͿԴﵽˮЧҪķʿ
֮кܶŵرˮ׻Ǻ׵ģʿҪõĻͱ뺣ףǾҪõˮˮȻֻһһƷں׿Ҫʱʱ̶̿ҪάˮԽյѹԽ󣬺ķѵҲԽ࣬ʿ˵ġˮַĳɽ⣬Աˮʿܻӭĳ̶˿Ѱ
һǧʮƷʯ̨һɢȲ˵
һǧʮƷʯҲˮ飿Աߵʿ̲ס
һǧ߰Ʒʯһʿ
һǧ߰ʮƷʯ
һǧ˰Ʒʯ
һǧŰƷʯ

뱨۵ĶڵʿڵʿֻԹ۰ˡȻˮʵõǶʿ˵ȴе㼦ߣʿʿȫͬһΣʹʮԲʿҲӲסһڵʿһʵ
ǧʮƷʯ̨µʿıѾ˰Ȼֺź͵ֺŷʿϰϰٵļӼЩʿʮʮļӼԵ˵СԷɢȻҲܿʲôöˮǧƷʯļ۸һɢ޵õ
ͽеһ֮뿪˷䣬µǼصıѾеȲˣû;׼û
ǧ߰ٿƷʯ֮˳ĵõ˱һױѩ룬Ž֮͵ʶ֮СӴڵĺһɲǣڵۼ֮ǰµĴƬҩѸٵĿήת֮ǧҩ֮ʣ±Ĳںϣ
һз֮죬쵽͸Ӧɵ㶵ĿŻں֮ϵıҲ̫ײ˰ɣȻڵҩڵȡ
εҡҡͷЩҩһʱģǱһϢʱ佫һĳɹݻ٣ǿǵ֮˶ӵĻͽ֮н׸γˣ
¡ͻȻһ𶯣
漴ڵĺһζԭֻ¶ģӰӵķӾȻͬʱںҲԼٶţ֮ǰںֻһǧƽңȴѾǵǧƽҲûֹͣͷ
еĽҲԽԽͼѾܹ⽨ϵ֡ȷԼûп֮Ϳϲ˯ͷ͸˼Ϊ׼һά˰ӣĳ͵ǰʱںҲ̶ǧƽң
ŻȻһµЦˣȻΪĹϵڵҩȴøڵĿռһǽԭں֮е˳
ڵҲﵽ˿ǰĸ߶ȣڵ²һЩˣĻһԵĿ๤ҲǴɱɢҪǿԭͻͲͬպĳɾȻҲرˣ
ʶ˳֮ͱص˷֮С
ˣһ;͹һ
ôոʲô𣿡ʵ
˵˵
Ϳ˷ܵˮЦЦǾС˵ɣ
ˮ˵ͷոһ󷨺һŲƵĲرͼ
һ㶣ʲô󷨣
ʲôǧʲôģ
ǧý⽣󣡡Ե
һ룺ôɰɣǧý⽣һ
󷨾˵ܹסڵʿأҲһʯĸ߼ۣˮƺҪǰһ㣬Լ֪ĶһԵĸͣ
ͳ϶ֻһʯļ۸ôԼһʯǿˣ
һŲرͼƬ͸ˣֻһƲ˾ȻʯۣǱֺŷеʿˣ
ͳҲû뵽Լֻ߿һʱϾȻ˵ıҲ˵һǧý⽣һŲرͼƬȻܹƷʯĸ߼ʵ˷˼ܹʿԥĳֵĶȻƽ֮
λѣɽᵽ˾ͽˡ콫ѹ֮ֻ֮һ㺮΢΢һЦ
߰ɣʹ뿪ֶŷ䡣Ȼһ·кܶʿָָģȴû˸ʶȥ̽͵ΪǼشʿɫ԰ףʮҲȥһʿ
һƧĵطȷû˸֮ͽݸıһ֮Ŵ˻ص˿ջصջ֮Ͱ׼һ֮һͷ˷֮вûʲô鲻Ҫ
ԭֲ䣬֮ǰŪЩҩȻ³ѿ;ȵԭֻʳָСıھȻʳָôĴָһ֣
£Ҫγһ˭֪Ǻͺһһ㣬˿ͷڱҪطŨĶ࣬ط
һǼ񵽱ˣ;ϲĿּԲѰ֮
̲ס˱Աתڵʼһ붨Χӿ͵ڣȻյֻеʮ֮һʤ࣬ڱԴһʱԱȵһµĿޣ
ţΧȻŨز;ϲĿ
͵ԺҲһ⣺ʲôȻôĸı䣡ĶұҲδҳڶ
Ҳ¾һܽ˵ȥʹԵˮҲܸߣȻһСľɿɱ֮֮Ϊˣһид
һһԪһڵõ˲ٶһ󷨺ͲرͼƬҲȫ䵽УֻǼˣһʿվʯɽǰ˵
ڻжʯʯɽʵ
һԪһڶ괢ټһΪ˵õһʯڻʯ飡ʿ˵


33 ɸ
ԪһڲݵһɣϻԪһھѾǧʯȻʣ°ʯݵһɵĵʵ̫ˣʮʯȴҲǻԪһڰĻˡȻԪһÿ궼뼸Ʒʯÿ궼Ҫµʯ͵ҩҩͷҪʯ򣬻ԪһÿҲֻܽǧѿʯˡ
ǰԿһԪһڱõʯɽԶ૵
Ǵɵĺôˣƾ֮еĹϵʹûпʼѾ֪Ǽѹᱦʲô
ǻԪһڣ콣ɣٲţڣɽׯڷĵתʯ׼ƴһɽеĴɽҲ׼ΪɽеĴߣɽÿ궼ܵõʯ˵ɽϵĻһЩɻҪ
Ǯϣϣϣϣϣʯ׼ˣһɷǵߵĿŵµʵ
ɽдʮ꣬ʮʯȥճóʮʯңǮ˵
ʮʯǻԪһҲδóʮʯɣɸԿǱõͻȻһƣһƾͽʿѹĴ
ΪоˣʯɽҲδϵĶ˰ɣ
ʯɽԪһܹ۾ô꣬Ȼ֮ڵҲ˵ܹʤʯɽֻеõɸԿ׵õĴУ˲ӵкͻԪһ࿹ʵ΢΢̾˿˵
ɽΪɢеĴܹȻ޴֮ˣѾϰȻڿҪɹ֮ʱʧǰ㹦һ
ڵɸΪݶ֪ˣҲֻһЩڵϹ֪һϢˣɸ˵һʿ˵ҲԵ֮ݵʿȻһܹɽ𵤣ʶôɫʹǾŶʿҲֻܴﵽڴԲ磡
һЩʿݵĹ֮뿪磬ǵ뿪֮ȴԼڵΪ治ǺͨĴڰˣһЩеĵӵΪǸ߳١
ԭʿǿĴڣһȴͨʿ޴תúܶʿܲˣǼʹҲνϾǿԽ֤ԽʢᵤĳɹҲϲ١ǹЩʿһĶһЩʿа׷߳ݣȴ磡µʱ˲Сĺ䶯һЩʿΪʿݵߣЩ߳ݵ߲Ż
ö֮ܶʿ뿪뷨ϾΪ˻þһ㣬ȥװݡ
һʿĶҲΪʿϣõ涴֮еƷ׳ɵʵҲҵɽ𵤵ķ
ɸλñ¼һƤ֮ϣɸҪԿס֮ǰϳֵŲرͼƬǵɸƤеһ飬Ҫѹ֮ǵɸԿеһѣ
ɸһԿף뼯Կײܴ򿪵ɸڻԪһԿףɽׯһѣһѣ콣һѣԿѳ壬ϵһԿ׵ɸԿ׾Ȼȫˣ
һԿ׸ɶ־ڱصã˭֪ӵеɸԿ׾˽ɸʸѾֵԿ׷ֱڻԪһڣɽׯ콣ɣ֮ڣǻԪһҲûԿ״ӸԪһô˵ĻôԪһҲԶˣ
Ը֮ԼһѰҵɸԿΪ˽ٵƾ裡˭֪ɸĶپŵɸбĹԸɶԿ־ڱصãԿ׵ҪռûԿ׵Ҫʸ
ڶɶڵ߽һλԪһһʿʯɽڵΪ˶ڵΪݵһɵʵչ¶ţ
콣ҲʾչضҲڵΪҲڵĳϸ棡
ɽׯʵǲһ㣬ڵΪҲֻǰڵΪ
ںͰٲˣǰڵΪٲŷǰڵΪҲֻһǰڵĳϸ棡ûʿСɣһһǻԪһҲ׵ɣҪ֪ݵļһĵҩͷǳɣ
ɽϣɽΪվ̨¿˿ʯɽڵķ䣡˾ʿɽϴɢޣ
Ϳ⼸ɵʿɵķ˷ۣ±ϳֻЩ±ϲȻĵĽЩʿҲȷʱϾܹвǵҲôˣҴ󲿷ֻһ
ŴҶ֪һƷʲôˣҲͲϻˣɸԿһö׼ƷʯÿμӼ۲õʯ㺮һֱ⣡
εĿЦһȻ㺮˵Ҷ֪ʲôͻĲ֪ɸԿʲôһεѹûΪµ׼ģ
ʵҲôģϾɸԿ׸ͲʿܹȾָģܹõɸԿ׵ҲǼɣһЩʿʶȤ뿪Խ֮еʿ֮һ
ǧƷʯ赭˵·ûаǧƷʯС
ƷʯٲŷҲʾ
콣Цһļ۸ҶôһһӼδ̫ȤˣƷʯ
ȻӵҪɽׯ㣡ƷʯйЦ
λôǣһǧƷʯʯɽһ
ǧƷʯɽеϵ˵
Ϳ⼸ĴУȻɸԿ׺ܺ棬ǴҲʱһţ˭ó⼸Ѿ˲һŵĻ׼ͻѶԷɱ
ʮ򣡡ʯɽҧҧ
ʮһǧŷҲ¶һ˿
ʮǧ
ʮǧӺ




ʮǧʮǧɽϳʮǧƷʯûиߵģ㺮Ӽʵ
ʯɽӽߣԪһҲֻóʮƷʯɽϾȻóʮƷʯѹ˻Ԫһһͷ콣ɣɽׯڶû뵽ɽϾȻôУ
öɸԿʮǧƷʯ۱ɽĵ


34 Ы
ɽ֮һ̤˹̣ΨһǴʱ˱ˣ
ǵԵˮʵսĲ;һᣬҲĿŵ޵ϣ
𣡡һһɽʹ޺
磬Ҫȥ𣿡ԵµĿһۡ
İɣֻΧˣʲô޵ģÿĥһǶԵеļɣ΢΢һЦһٶʮûǧѩ˲ɢΧ
һ˼Ŀͣһֻ߾ȻôɵľͿһٶʮöǧѩ룬ʮʿҲδ
ðɣԵ˵ͷӴóܺͶϽ𽣣
ˮҲ˽ȹˮĿǰ
֮ҲֻһûУʹһεĿˣ˵ˣĴûС
һҪһٵʯĿһЩɢ˵Ҳһ֡ûбץ֮ǰһҲֻܵõʯˣ˵ˣ
㣡ʹӴ֮óһƽ𽣣ƽ𽣻նɱĽݽߵߵõģòһֱڴ֮У
ãȻĽӹƽ𽣣ŽŨһǷ
㼤Ŀеƽ𽣣ĵһ͵ĻҲһӶδӵһ
߰ɣҶСһ㣡͵˵
˶󷽣ʶţͿʿʶз紵ݶܸܵԵڶǰˮŮм䡣ԵŵĿܣֽŶϽ𽣡
𣡡ͻĺԵһ
ˣ͵ѵ
¡һֱ˹
ƣԵһֻʮâӶϽĴ˷ĩ
Եؿһ𣬾Ǳ޴һ㣬һʱѪӿҲ޴ɣֵܵһεĹĻ¹һҪԵ
һƷ޻ЫͿ¶εߵ
һƷ޻ЫжٶȺܿ죬βϵĵ֮Ϻо綾ոһǻЫĵܵס˻ЫĵĻ㲻޴ҲҪЫľ綾Ҳû뵽ĵһֻ޾ôֵĻЫ
Եû°ɣˮæ˵صԵ
û£ֻ˵ˣȿȿȣԵ˵ͷ
Ыϵĵͺţ͵ĴڸܴѹҲʿΪʲôôѹΪ͵ĴڻЫͶˣ
һɢΧǧѩ˲۳һö׶ӣѸײڶ֮ƴ˻Ыı
ЫӲıӦѣ̴˻Ыı֮ǧѩҲΪֻ̣֮ջǧѩ룡
Ϊ̫ˣ΢΢̾˿ȻʶѾʿܹĿһٶʮöǧѩ뵫ΪȴǧѩܷӳҲֻʮ֮һңȻǧѩܹЫһɱ
𣡺𣡡͵һǵûл˻Ыŭ˻ЫЫųͣЫٶȷǳ죬һһ㣡ȴŲæЫٶȻѾ޷ĵز֮սɲǿ۾ʶҲҪ͵ʶ֮»ЫĶӤһ㣡
磡СģԵͻȻ͵ǰ
أЫҵײһ𡣲һεɳȥȴǻЫԵ߲ΪͲȻЫոձҲֻΪЫ͵Ϯûʱˣ
ԵֳֶϽ𽣵͵ǰĿŻЫ
ͿԵӷĵĵ˵ͷͷЫͽˣ
ţԵ΢΢˵ͷһƽϳ˰ٵâ
ЩâϵĴڻЫıϷ˶죡
ЫķǿˮԵ񱩵Ĺ֮ȻĻЫ̾
߲ͬǿľǵ壬ЫķһƷ֮ҲŵϺõģЫһ㱳ҲƷϺòϣβϵĵֻǯҲƷɽ͵
ԭôưˮɻĿͣ
ȻˣҪһɲô򵥵ģҲַܹ˲࣡˵
ϣԵԼ޷ɱЫһ
ֻƽΪĿһһҵĽâԵУЫֵĿͷľ޴âŵϢЫȻתͷ׼ܣв»Ыѡ˳ˣ
ߣԵһ޴Ľâת֮ͻӴܵĻЫ
¡޴ĽâڵϺһ׿ĴӣâеĻЫ촦ǿıҲԵһķѣ
ǡ֮еɣ벻Եô΢΢һЦ
ȻʲôļɣһЩеĵӶּɣּҪʵս֮вĥϵģԵȻֻһսѧò˵Եԣ֮Եòˣ
Եˮ
ǺǣҪǸ֮ǰ˻ЫıǵĻҲδܻɱͷЫˮô佱ԵҲе㲻˼
Ե̫ǫˣûһҲԻɱһͷЫЦЦ˵
ߵЫʬԱСĵĸ˻ЫβϵĵڻЫıǺֻǯѾԵķȫʧȥ˼ֵ
ЫĵҲʮƷʯأЦ
İˮЦĿеĵ־Ҫȥã
Сģ⵹о綾ʹ汻ҲΣգ˵
ô˵ˮǿ˹һ鶼ûˣ
ԵȻظһǻҪߣ˵
ţԵ˵ͷȻɱ˻ЫһҲȥһ
Сһһ㣡͵һһֱˮؿڵѰ
Ե㲻ҪСװС׺ܹԵģǲǰСףˮѰͷ
Ѱ۾ˮĸ
ͷ˷ۣѰѾֲˣ
֨֨֨֨ͻȻѰ󼱴ٵĽ
ôˣСףǲʲôˮʵ
֨֨֨֨ѰĽԽԽ٣
һ㶼æſʶ⡭⡭ǻϣ
ϣɫһ侪ֵĿΧ
ûеİңüͷΪǾȻΧˣȻϻڰ֮⵫ЩϾȻΧһȦϵͼ˿ȻǸոսЩϡ


35 ϣ
ȻֻһƷޣʹһոһҲ׵ĽϻɱǻȴԸ֮һΪһǳǧ򣬼ʹʮ߿ҲҪúõһ£һȺ֮ҲһЩĻϣЩĻϲ˳ҹҲ쳣׺һϻܷڳһҺܹʴߵܣ
ߣҵס̾˿
磡ߣҵΪߣһӳȥģԵе
ߣʹȵʱȺҲֻһٶ׵ľˣ涼޵ĺɫ
ߣ֮ͻȥڶеңͺһٶʮöǧѩû˻Ⱥ֮Уǧѩ֮һ㱡ı㣬һЩܵ⺮Ӱ춼˱ǧѩԭһƷѩĶҺʹԵĲƶɣĺѾﵽһ˵ĵزһҲԽЩϱɱ
ߣԵһŽţŷɽͳշȥ
ˣԵڿյһɲǣıϳԵذΧ
Եһٵâ˲佫ǰĻϽɱĸɸɾǱϵʵ̫ˣԵɱ
һֳʮöǧѩԵסЩϣڻǻԵԶǧѩ˵ķΪɵԵǧѩ뵲סϵĿ϶˱ϵİΧȦ
Ե˳˰ΧȦϴŭһеĳԵˣ
ߣȹһ˵ɣһ͵ЩǰʶϿǧѩֵЩϣͺЩϲ鷳ģҲֻЩϲ׷Եǣ
ͣͣǧѩһδεĴϵ壬һ˲ֶǧ廯Ϊıϵʬ壡
ԵҲΪ͵ĵֵ˳˱ϵ׷ɱԵ˷ԭɽͷȥ
ԵΣҲ˿ıЦһջǧѩ룬ʹӴ֮ó˰ٻᦣٻһȺ͸ܵǧĻϲϵصͺţ
գһɲǼǺīɫСӰٻƮ˻ϵ֮СīɫСеĻϳ鴤˼֮ûϢӻϵԴ֮ƮһСĺ˰ٻ֮С
ɫ԰׵Ŀĺ㲻ϵĻ۵ٻ֮УΪ˴ΧĶðٻջϵĻʵеǿתۼǧĻ϶˱ʬ壬ٻôϵĻ֮ĺ˲١ڻϵĻǹСʹ˳ǧĻǰٻᦵҲûӶ٣Ҳ൱ڼʮ߰˲ߵĻǰˡ
ʦ֣ոǱߺô𶯣Ӧʿ˳ͻˣԶ˼ʿĶԻ
ɫһ䣬ٻᦣһݷ˵£
ʦöϰһ۵߾
˻ʦֲɵĵһϵʬ徹Ȼ棡漴ǿϲ
ŸʲôЩϵʬռɶʯһǧֻϾȡһƿҺڷҲʮƷʯأôĻϰʯǧʯˣʦ˷ܵĽе
İ
ʲôأ㶯֣ĺһҲΰʦ̰Ŀһصʬ壡ϵĶ˿
ʿһΪһĲΪ˵һвûС
ʿƴļϻϵʬ壬ǸޱڵĵӣȻɵӣÿɸʯֻʮƷʯˣͲãЩͨÿ궼Ҫ沶ɱ׬ȡʯǼʹǵʯȻǲãľҲ˶٣˵ǷˣĻֱ
Ҳ֪λǰȻɱôĻϣĻ򰡣
˭أֻҪʯþͿˣЩȥ֮һ궼óɱˣʦЦ
𣡺𣡡ʿ𾢵ʱͻȻ޺ʿɫһ˲ûϼæŴĿ棡
ʳޣʦɫһ䣡
ʳʲôް
ʳһƷޣҪʳǻϣһˣĻȫҪͷʳ޸ˣʦε̾˿
ʦΪܶԸͷʳ𣿡
ѣʳȻûʲôƤûз޷ɱʦεҡҡͷ
Ȼûлɱͷʳ޵˼ʳȴ׼ŹǣڸոһֱʰȡϣѾմ˻ϵϢȻ߿ŲǶԻΪʳʳ˵ζԲˣ
𣡡ͷʳ޲Լͬĳʦֵܳ˹
أأʳ޵ľ˼˺ϱôֵĴ˲䱻ײɣ
ʦ־ͷһһöȭͷСĻʳ޵ͷȴһǰˣûжʳʲôʵԵ˺Ǹʦܾ͸ˣֱӱʳ޾޴ˣ
ʦңԸһͷʳ޶ǺڱͷʳްΧˣ
ڵص׿ʦֲɵҡҡͷȻΪ㣬ԼҪ߳һΣڵȴƯԼٲ÷¶սʤʦ֣
أʦһȭͷСĻͲܻʳ޵ĺƤʮȥ֮ǵûдͷʳ޷ǽԼ۵ĹǺ
ҡҡͷԥǷҪȥһǿǵնͻǴ뷨߷ҧʤͿɲԸͷ
أȻôģһ仰ϣҲû뵽ʦֵȻôãһöСȻ͵ͷϣ
ʦֿͻȻֵ;ץס˾һƴ嵽͵ǰǰ
ε̾˿ôһŪԼ붯Ҳˣͷʳ޲һеĳͳ˹
ָɱһâ˲̴ͷʳ޵Դ
䣡䣡޴漴Ȼأ
ʦĿɿڴĿͣû뵽ԼƵ·ͷʳ޾Ȼô򵥵Ľˣʱŷ͵ΪֻˣԼҪ֪ͣͺͲһͿĵطÿ춼þͰҩŵ˵͵ʦֵʵ
лǰ֮Ȼ͵Ϊ͵ʵΪǹһ
ˣұ㣬ҲǻԵɺϣ͵ĻһһͲ׼ͻȥҲҪúüʶһ¸ޣ˳ĥһԼƾԼϵĶֵƾһƷҲѣ


36 ޴ս
ĿȥıӰʵ벻ͨһô˵룡
Ժյ޵԰ְĪ˵޾޼ʹżֵĹҲ׺쳣
˵Ҳ֣Щ޺͹ôṳ֣̂ƺʲôǵĻΧһ㡣
ҺжǣȻ¶Щ޺͹ˡ
Ҳֵµӵ֮أһЩҲɱ׬ȡʯҾ˵֮еҩݶܸߣһЩҵϵҩ
߸ʵǿֳַΧΧ޴һƷޣżһƷޣ
вһƷΪֺĲּһƷޣֶޣ
һ߶ⲿҪвһǰֽ߾͸ҶԽ֣˲˵ûе˵³ôã
Լľ˾ɥ޿ڽסͣǰǰвˣ涼һƷް
ô˵һ㶣֣
ɵ㶵Ŀͣǰ֪֣
治֪ҡҡͷ
΢΢̾˿Ӵͳһö򣺡ǰ뿴ֵļأ
ͽʶУ֮е֮ɫ˼䣬סĻѾ֪ĽвˣȻԼʵԶԸһƷޣ֮пɲֻмֻһƷްһһƷ޵İΧ֮оʮҲδ
лˣͽ˴У
ɵĳ˳飬öʮƷʯģ治ֵгļ꾡Ľܣǳûĵطע˳ȴ˵ʲôʵľϴ󣬱˵һɱҲ˶˵ʲô
һٿʯ͵ʱɣʹӴóһٿƷʯӸ
һ㶣漴ϲϲ̵ĽӹһٿƷʯ׼лʱȴѾвȥ
ǰǰæ
һ˼Ͷûлͷֻεҡҡͷ̽̽ʳײɵʦܵıϢãϢ
ʦܱ֮뿪֣֮вҪû޺͹ҪߣڳԺڵмÿ춼ڷΪȻߵǶǺģ
һĳвȥֵ֪Ŀ֮ҲĿŵУɻΪ޺һЩߵİӣ
ᣬһƷޣͷļǿΪϣ͡šԶĶ֮йڶĽܣʱĶȫûʶԼѾ˸ˣ
ڼλãǶȫĵط΢΢һЦһöǧѩϢĴ˶µ֮У
𡭡ͱ㸲ûϢ
ͿűԼɵĶ΢΢һЦԼܹɱҪԭһǧѩ֪ͷз֮õģʹߵʶҲѲ׽
ڶеĹڶˣûһϵĻҲ֪ڼ֮¡ȱһɣȻʹܹɵһͷҲҪһֽţ
űסĶһӣһĽͷϵĶһֱֻôļЦЦȻڲȱǮȴռһЩϡ
˶֮ͱ룬ǿʶÿһζȷ޵Ĵڣ֮мص޵ϣǧѩһɱ
һƷ޻ٶȼ죬ӵ츳ѾĵͷһƷˣ֮ǰͷţȫӲۼװΧʹ۾Ҳһۼױ֮Ҳûмţ㣡
ͻʮöǧѩһ߹ᴩ˷Ϊ۲ŻɱͷţһսҲѪڣţȻûʲôţȴûа͸
û뵽ոսһͷţһͷûеͳֻͺһͷӥսһţ
ӥһƷޣΪܹеʹ÷ӥҪһһƷǿϼ֣˵Ѳһ㣡ȻͬΪһƷ޵ǻȴܷʹûսʱܳԿӥǷڿгһһоͻ˻壡ҲһƷޣӥķлҲֻһˣ
ӥķпɲְͬӵķУͷķвƴСӥķȴаңͬն
󣡡յķӥŭĺĿоȻ³һСĻ˿У
ӥһ˿мһȾ׵Ķö޴Ļ
أӥһ壬Ӳ๺ݺݵĴ̽˻壡ʹ֮µĻҲʼȻԼһֻץס˷ӥͣһֺֻݺݵĴŷӥԴȭͷϵĻ÷ӥгԲڷӥͱץסҲûа취
ӻһʼʾȻûץסӥͶڰ͵
أһȭʮȭ֮ӥԴϵëѣһȭֱӴ˷ӥԹϣ˲ͽӥԴ򱬣ΨַӥһȭӥԴ֮ͣȻ˷ӥҲӥشǻһ㶼ںԼ˿ڣųصһĳһȥ
ѵʲôһͷһƷ޲Ե޹ʵľ϶ʲôǣ
ߵ֮ǰǿµĿҶһɢŵɫĹâݳ͵ǰ
ʹ󾪣˲һٶʮöǧѩ˲˻
ﲻһƷޣʹ֮Ҳܹ׽ģ
ǧѩײڻϷ˼죬ƤëȻţô˵ҲǲСǧѩҲֻǿУ͵ȴ¶ЦݣǧѩϿŨĺģ
ȻûеȻﷴӦǧѩеĵطͳ˵飡ˣЩ鲻ϵȫӣ
󣡡ŭĲûԼͼЩ飬ôܻᣡٻһһīɫĻ潫ΧŻ꣡һƷ޾Ʒޣ˰вŽϣһɫĹû˰ٻ֮У


37 ʬ
ĿһȻһֻʮңҲֻһָҴСǴȥĻȴߵᣬʹڵǿҲ⣡
һֶƷҩĹЧȴ죡ܹ߷õҩʱڵĲ
ȻõҩĽݾǹķõҩĻԵҩһĿԣҲ·õҩЧԽԽֿԣʹûϵļ۸䰺ǧƷʯһ꣬ǼʹҩмСϾҩûԸ۵ģ
Ȼǰһûг쵫Ҳ֮ᣬСŻΧ˳ӽ֮У
֮лܿܳ죡
ͶԼʺԼԺ֮п϶õĵҩĳð֮ǣ
ӥͻսкãһβõһõͷһƷ޵ʬ壡ͼߣһ·˳һͷţͷﵫźǲûзʲôϧҩ
أأԶıը
˶ĵȥ
λʦܼӰɾͷţŲˣһ˲ʿϴ߶еķţӲۼףʱţѾǱˣһ˺ۿֱҡͷʹ⼸ʿܹɱһͷţҲòʲôˣţֵǮĵطǵۼףһͷţۼ׼ƻˣ
ͣѷͬʱ̽ţ壡
𣡡ţ޴ζ˼֮Ȼ£
ڻɱˣţۼӲףΪ׵ʿһ
½ʦҪ½ʦǣһͷţĻǸͲܻɱһͷţԱߵʿ̾
㶯ְɣҪǱʿֵĻٲһս½ʦҡҡͷ
ʿ˵ͷţۼװƿռһƿţľѪ
ͷţϵĶһʯǼһΣҲܻɱһͷһƷޣ½ʦ˵
һж½ʦֵİţ
ʿ֮Ͳ˳ոһĻսУԷȻʿɱһͷţȻһ˻Ҫ
⵹˽ԼڵʵȻΪֻ㣬ڲ÷ܺһ߲ʿƽǧѩĻǶ˲ǾŲʿҲ·磡
ټϷͰٻ⼸ƾʮʿҲδûһս֮Ҳ˴󵨸һֵԭ
࣡ͻȻһֵ
һȷ紫ͷƤ飬ͼæ˺󼸲һٶʮöǧѩΧΧĿǰ
࣡һ˷˵˳ͷȫòһɢŨҵĶ˫Ķţʬ壡漴һԾţʬϿʳ
ʬʹ󾪣
ʬһЩܵʬĸʴɵһֹһЩרʹʬɣʬӲޱȣʹѰҲδ̴ܴǵ壡
࣡ʬĿ͵ϣ
͵ġ⡱һ£
ͼæ߶Żƽ뿪˭֪ʬһ׷ͣ˶ȭͷдҵȭ͵ĺ󱲣
أ鼱֮۳һܵס˹ʬһȭȴʬӲĴ飡ҲΪȡһʱ䣡һٶʮöǧѩһö׶Ӵ˹ʬȭͷ
䣡һ˼Ʒɣһٶʮöǧѩɵ׶ӾȻʬӲĴɢˣ
;ȵĿ߹ʬʬʹ÷ȫľȻ֪ʬҲ̫˰ɣһٶʮöǧѩһһƷҲӲȴʬһȭɢˣ
½ʦ֣Ǹ˭ΪȻܹסڹʬһ֮ǰ߿ļʿʱԶԶĿͺ͹ʬս
û߶Զͺ͹ʬս۷
ǵֵĹǹʬʱǶ̲סһʬʮֺģʵˣڵĹʬʵһƷޣһƷ޻ҪѲҹʬһʶеĹʬڲϵƶģЩֵʿľǹʬˣ
͵ʶȻҲ⼸ʿϢǴʱȴû˼ܣȻ⼸ʿ۷ûаʲôģǿĹʬͲòʮ־Ӧԣ
ǧѩ벻ϺŹʬ壬Ȼʬõ忴һŬǧѩ붼޷ͻƹʬķǹʬһȭʹгԲ
ͱߴˣʬ˼صĸ
ãܣ½ʦֿʬæе
½ʦֱлˮĵû뵽Ȼ⵵£
˼֮˿⼸Ļͻ治ҶԼĵƣȷ⼸ѾԶ֮кһٻѾУ
߹ʬеİٻ۾ﾹȻɢ˿˿â
ٹҹУʹһīɫĻ˹ʬ
ЩʬȻ¶˿־ɫ˫ȭϺЩĻ
ͣīɫĻʬ徹Ȼ죬ʬϾȻð̣
𣡡˹ʬĽ͵һ˵ʬȴûлϲ֮ɫٻᦿ˵ǿķˣǾȻֻ˵ʬҪ֪ʹһƷޱٻеĻҲֻܹԹˣǹʬȻֻˣ
ʬһţʮĻȻ̽˶ͳʧȥ˶⼸ʮĻĸӦ
͵ڵѪʮĻҲζŰٻʧȥ˼ʮԩ갡ڰٻܹٶԩ걻ʬô͵̲ס˼飡
𣡡ʬ;һȭ
أͼæٻʮԩ굲Լǰ
֨ѽʬһȭȻٻʮԩɢ͸ٻᦻ͵壡
ۣ̲סһѪʬһȭȻ͵֮ǰʮԩͰٻᦵĵֵĻһȭҪ͵
𣡡ʬˣϢһȭ
ʹ󾪣æһݷ˵£
䣡ʬһȭڵϾȻһӣ
𣡡ʬһȭ˵ϣÿһζǴڵλãҪƶĿĻͱˣ
ƴˣóһͷ


38 ¾ɽ
͵ͷһʬ۾һ˿ɵȻϸеΣգ
͵Ϊ˲䱩ǣ
㣡
߲㣡
˲㣡
Ų㣡
ʮ㣡
ʮһ㣡
͵Ϊǵʮһͣ
֮ǰʹùһ֪ЧȻ쵫ҲֻܳңսپЧڼûнǰһͷʬĻôЧԼϵ⣬׸ˣ
һٶʮöǧѩ˲һö׶ӣʮһעһö׶ӾȻ𽥱ǵһң
ʬҲΪɵĿ׶ӻ˵ǳǹ˳ǹϹʬܵǰδев
ƣʹһǹдҵХ
ͣǧѩɵĳǹ谭û˵֮У
ʬȻ㿪һǹڳǹ͹ʬӴǧһɲǹʬƾٶȶһǹ
ʬȻԼһǹһ㶣ڵʶʮһȻʬˣʬٶҲ̫˰ɣʬ㿪һ֤һвʬϾ֮ǰĹ֮йʬûж
ָһûĳǹХһδ˹ʬ
𣡡ʬŭһ˫֣Ȼͼץס˳ǹ
⣡Цһ֣
ɲǼԭһɶ೤ĳǹ˲ֽһٶʮöǧѩ룡
ͣ
ͣ
һһٶʮöǧѩ뾹ȻֱӴ͸˹ʬ壡ǧѩ봩͸ĵطһ㺮Ҳϵʬȫɢ
𣡡ʬŭĴԼ壬Ŀɿڴ鷢ˣʬϵĺȻһΧͻΪ˱ۣǧѩɵ˿İΧ¾Ȼʧˣ
⡭ʲô;ȵĿź˵Ĺʬ
𣡡ʬŭĺһ˫һţͬڵһͣ
˼һʲôһ˹ʬĹһٶʮöǧѩ벻ϹŹʬˣƽҲ͵У
նԻƽΪýһɫĲתŵ˹ʬϣɫϻź͹ʬ˾ҵĦɫȻʬ󸹸
𣡡ʹ֮µĹʬ˫ͨĶͣ
һ͵Ϊǵʮһ㣬Ҳʹá澭һЩԭʹõķҲʹˣոյնһҪŲѧķڵһʹöôϤȻոһԽʬг룡
ʬ˿ҲͬԤϵһһźں¹ʬ˿ڽϣϵٶȴ˺ܶ࣡һҲһζֻҪڶʱڸʬ޷ϵ˺ܻɱһͷʬһͷʬǲ֮Ļ뵽Ĳǻɱͷʬǵͷˣ
ͳһһΧϷһɢźķ룬һϵķһͷʬҵĹҵĹ֮¹ʬ˺ۣ
ʱ䲻ˣ뾡һͷʬа
ҫ죡ʹһһɫĽâ˿Уʹǰ֮ⶼؿɫĽâ
ǿʮĴ˰ɣһЩе߿һâ֮̾
Ȼܶ߶һâȴ˸ҿ⽣âڵأϾϢжϴҲʮϵĸ֣ЩΪձʿǾԲҽЩʿսΧģ
һЩŲҵʿȴһϲ˫սȻѾβ׶ΣʱǰȥĻ֮
𣡡ͷĽâǵصĳ˹ʬ
𣡡ʬϻԼؿڣ
ʬĿͻȻ³һȻɫŨŨ֮һöԲĹĵĶס͵Ľâ
Ȼǹ⾹ȻһͷͻƵĹʬʹ󾪣
û뵽ںԼڼһͷʬȻҪͻˣڵĹʬѾѲҪһͷʬͻĻ͵ͻᱻһͷʬɱڴˣ
Ͼ·ͺ˺ģһҧӴóһöɢ͹âĽͷ䣬֮Ͽһķģķ¾ɽöһʹΣǲ붯öģһͷʬȻڽҪͷҪͻˣƵͲòԼĵƣ
ȣͲϵĽԼע뵽֮УöͷϵĹâҲԽԽǿң
䣡ͻȻһǿƱʹҲף
ʱгһӵĳɢŻصƣ
ǷᵤʿܹʹõķͿе¾ɽȻֻǷļ򻯰棬ǿֲȰٻᦲ֪ǿ˶ٱ
һЩ׼ȥˮʿҲ¾ɽǿƸסˣ
ááǿѵʿһЩô뵽
ԷʿĻǻеȥ磬ʿĻ뷨УϾȫͬĲΣʿһҲֵܹģ
ĹʬҲһĿе¾ɽ˵֮ǰҫвĻô¾ɽǻˣ
𣡡ʬˣĹ˲ջͷܣһιʬĺˣ
ܣɱǿ壬ڿе¾ɽ˹ʬ
ڵĹʬܹģʬҽжûüͱ¾ɽɱĸɸɾ
Ǳ¾ɽһ⼸ĹʬȻôˣ
գͼæٻᦽʬĻ˽ͻڵĹʬȻŹ֮ǰʬȥ˴ԩ꣬ٻᦵҲǴ½ʬֲһȱ
ʧȥ˹ʬĿƣҲ͵Ľâ˵ϣۼֿһöս˴Ż¾ɽһӣ¾ɽֵĺĴ
͹ʱҲˣһͼݷ˵Ѱһεĵطˣ
䣡Ͷ治˾춯صıը޵ŭһһƷ޴ֺĲֳһЩɱ޵߱Щŭ˺˷ĩ˴һ컹˶ޣһͷųİ׻Ƿһ㽫ʿɱ˸⣡
Ҳ֪ΪԼһľٶȻǳô鷳ʱһɽĸãȻѾһöشʹȻûмᣡ
ĸδҲ̫ǿ˰ɣžʹ뵽Ȼܺõǿҵĸְ£


39 ħ
ڵĹʬʵ֮ǿȫ͵Ԥƣ;ȵͷʬȻֻһͻƵͲò÷¾ɽŵԻɱʬ
һսʧأɥʧһٻҲʬشʹֻʹεķ¾ɽȻڹʬһΣ
һһöش֮ϵľʹŽƽϢһĸʱң
ǻûеһͷһڵȻҪͻˣ
ͻ㲻ã͵ĹƾҲҪһʱͻƣû뵽ʬһս֮ȻͻƵʱǰˣѹסĵĿϲԼ״̬
㻨һʱŽԼ״̬붨״̬ȫƿ
ȫͻ֮еȴ֣д޺͹ﻹдߣͻƵʱ򶯾֮󣡶ʱھһ֮ЩӺĲܳһƷҲȫصԭأһЩ󵨵Ҳ֮У
ͻƵҲ˴󲿷ߵע⣡
Ȼͻƣǲ֪һȫ۸ǵЦһͳڵĵطٳȥ
ʿһʱʿڵĵطȥ
ʱͻѾҪĹͷ͵ͷһŻɫϵľۼΧҲ뿪͵ĵһŻɫΧϵƶ
۾һİ֮һεͻƾȻֻ˰ʱң
ߣ͸Χ𽥿һ
СɣʿЦ
䣡һͷͣ
ָһ˿м
䣡ͷָݺݵײһ
ʿһ˿ȣ;ȻסķһСȻסķ
ͲмĿźʿ˲㣡
ʿһ·ܵʲôвһ弱ٵĺˣ
ͣͣͣʱʿǱ˵һ㣡˲ŵĿԼɱ壡֮ǰʿԼȥģ
һ˲ʿˣ
ʿĹͷʹ֮ͱһݷ˵棬ʿʿɱ嶼̲סһʿħŵĵӣΪѾﵽ˲㣬ټϵķ깳Ҳһͷλɱ˲ʿû뵽ôһλĺʿȻһ֮ң
˲ĻȻôʤޣ͵˵
Ȼոյսֻһ˲䣬ȴǧѩͰٻͬʱʹ˲ʿҲԵֵһͻɢ
Ϊϱǲ٣СϵķһӰͬһ͵
ЦһˣһΪһֱҪȥأ
Сѿ֮ϷϢʿҲδܷ֣һϲ˰̵ߵ
𣿡һ
СѸٵĻɱħŵħ죬ֻǷ֮ϷѾ׼ΪնɱħһնɱϷ𣿡ߵ
һЦǰŲΪûзУ
һһɫķֱ͵ţ
ɫһҾ޷ǰ·ʲôסһ㣡
һĴ죡ɫķϾȻ˿˿ƣ
ƣЦһɫķȻһƬƬģʧһѷ
󱲶ң˫ĿͨĶͣƽķʮĻģǾȻôˣβ߷ŭ
ЦһƽַķȻͬΪƷǧѩҪȻƽǿĶ֮࣡ĲǷ֮Ĳ
Сһ֮У
Ϣ𣿵ȷеŵ૵ߵΪߵϢȷеŵͿڵʶĻδܷȻûڴ˹֮л¶һ˿ϢȻٵǶ˵Ѿ㹻ˣ
𣡡
ͣһ̴
ۣ̲סһѪ
ϢҲˣһжߵĺһ˿ҲϾˣ
գٻƮһīɫĻߵͷ­֮УһŻɫû˰ٻ֮У
ͼߴ֮ʶвѰţߵĴ֮гһٶʯֻ֮һö澹Ȼһ˿ţ
ħһ㶣
ö֮мصʹõϢϢҲ棬Ϣ֮֮ʹǱԼһεʿҲԷһ㵹Ǻ֮ƣѧղĻʹҲѷ֣
˵ҲߵùöϢ֮һɽ֮ãڷ⼸ųأϢһɱʮߣеʯ󲿷ֶǻɱЩãƫƫͣһʶʿߣ
ͿеϢɵĸ̾ħǹ쳣ҲɵüͷԺħһҪСģ
ֶһٻߵʬʶһ£ȷΧûߴ֮һöݷ˵صף
ɶ˭˭ɱħŵӣһɽ֮һֽʿĺ
ϢŭһԼʿæȰ
ϸһʮһʿȻڣڣĸڣڣվλİʿȻڴԲľ磡ʵݵһɻԪһڣħһǲɽ¶ˮģħŵҲʮΪΪˣ˭뵽ħŰоȻǿʵ
ɱħ첻ǱħħСӣ
飡Ҳ飡ɱħŵһħϢҲϧһеĲ飡ʯɽëҲҪۣʿޱȵı䣡
ǣʿ˵ͷ
Ϊ˵˿֪ԼһĽݼһҪǿĶĶĳɣ
ڻˣͿűǧý⽣Χɽͷ΢΢һЦȻɽͷֻһ൫ȴ˼ҵĸо
䣡֮ĺ󷨵ɫһ
Ȼڹ󷨣ͷųǧѩ뿿ȥ
ӰѾ󷨿Ųסˣ֮󷨱ʯӦоаһʿЦ
绨˰Ҫܺ˫޶ãһʿ¶аЦݣ


40 м
Ե磡͸ôˮֵĿ񹥻󷨵ʿ
ûµģ粼õ󷨾ԲôױƵģԵǿ򶨵˵һ۾ͿʱѾҡҡ׹ˣȻǧý⽣ҲҪʯάֵģûʯ֧ǿҲбƵһ죡
ԵҲû뵽Լͷ֮ûþͱȺʿˣȻ⼸ʿΪߵʤ˶࣬ʹԵ߲ΪҲҺЩʿӲƴֻܴˮ񱼣òӵ֮УԭΪԷȥ˭֪Щʿƺһ㣬Ȼͣĺ󷨣
ǼͰǿŲסˣһһĵ̵ʿЦ
Сˣϸͻȥģʿ¶аЦݣ
Ÿ𣿡Ͱп⼸Ϻǧý⽣ʿЦ
Ųһ˲߲һѹԵˣüͷһ壡Ȼ·ɱնɱһ˲㣬һŲ㣬ǽڶԷ֪ϸ¡ҪԾŸߣȻŸûһв͵ͻǲò
ĵķųǧѩ֮ͱǱ˾ŸߵĸͷԼʹŲҲûвǧѩĴڣ
ҪȽŲʿǽأͿŸ߾ǿŴ׵ĸһ㣡
Ƚɣ΢΢̾˿ԼԸ㶨ʿȻܹԸȻʡµķʽ
ͣһ̱˵ϣ
ôûˣ㹥ȥǼҲû˰ɣͷĵʿżصʿЦ
ǻûеЦ굶ʿͷ쳣Լ⼸¾Ȼȫޣ
˭ʿһ
ٶ۵İʹӵ˳Ŀŵʿ
͵ʿ˲ôһΪǺηʥءԭֻһС
ԼΪŰǾŸ˾ȻһѷȻֻ͵ȵķǶɢ˵ҲǲˣЦһ
Сڼŭ𣿡ʿĿͣ
Σǰ˵ǰֵʱһĲм
磡ˣԵϲĽȻΪҪ͸ߵĶ࣬ǳ͵Ļе·ɽһ㣬鷳ʱԵ᲻֪ͣ
ģ͸磡оˣԭҵˮԵô˵˸߲ҵĻ
ǶԷˣΪҪ˸ߣӮ𣿡һ˹ؼ
ԵˮͬʱĬˣȻͺ˵ǳݣôǿҲΪߵʿĶְ
СʿŭĺͬʱһֱվڵʿʿҲˣһǰһͬʱлͣ
һ˿⣬һٶʮöǧѩ뻤ס壡
أأʿķݺݵײ͵ķϣ
ǼʹŲʿ˲ʿһҲֻǧѩķ΢Ļζˣ
Ųߵʵ𣿡Ͳм˵ЩɢȻΪ߳Ͳ٣Щɢһζ죬¸ȣ鸡һΪܹһ㲻ˣ
Сʿһ
ҫʽһɫĽâ˲͵ķϣһٶʮöǧѩɵķȻҵĻζҲ¶һ˿ȵɫ
벻㻹ӵĽʹһڵҲȥķ֮һ˰ɣЦһ
ɡɡɶֻһСȴ˿ʿŭĺܲ˵ľһĨԶɢĲм·ʱʱ̶̿ڳЦһ㣡
磬С̫ˣǻǳɣߵ˲ʿ˵
һ˲һŲ㶼κβһʿ´˳ȥ̰ǻô죡ʿ
ҲãҴһʼûд˻뿪͵˵
ô˵ʿһϵһԵøô껹ǵһαôͣҶԷֻһСʵ
ͣǸ˲ʿĶͷͻȻһСף漴嶼Ϊ˱飡һôͻȻ쵽û˷Ӧ
϶ʿԼһֵܶŭĿԲ
һʼǼҪлҰɣôã͵Ŀŵʿ
СȻ˿ҫʽ֮ǰĽâ͵ķϣ
žǧѩɵķ֮ѣһٶöǧѩ뱻ӲĴɢ
ȴûбֳκεĻţЩɢǧѩ˲˵ʿ
Щǧѩ뾹Ȼûд̴ʿ
벻㾹ȻӵһķᰡǼʹ͵ĻȻǴһ˿м
Сɱֵܣûңʿ
챾û㣡һһٶʮöǧѩ˲۳һ˳ǹ۵ĺõʿΪ֮𾪣
𣡡ǹӦ䣡
䣡ʿϳһ⵲ס˱ǹ
ԭǵۣ⵹൱ϡٵķأЦ
Сʿ˵Ȼס͵ıǹѾ˼ˣʿҲΪʲôһСȻܹǿ
ˣеİٻһҡһ˲佫ʿɣ
֨֨֨

֮д˿ʳ͵ʿҽеɢʿһӰȡ֮һȫɢźιȫӲۼǣһ۶ԼҪһ㣡
ֻһţϼʬƮһŵ꣬ｫЩ꾡촽
գٻһҡͻΪһ̽˰ٻ֮У
Ų߾Ȼô򵥵ĸɵˣԵȻ˾֮УŲʿݶԳƵǸˣǾȻô򵥵ĸɵˣһж࣡һ˸ɵ˾ŸʿһŲ㣬˲㣬߲㣬㣬һ㣡
УΪж฻أ˼ҲһǧƷʯңΨҫʽ㲻Ͳм˵
磡̫ˣӦԵܳǿһ㿴ͣ
ˣҲάˣʱ仹أµĽžʬٻ֮˵
ŶԵ˵ͷ


41 ʬɽ
Ȼת˲֮ŲʿȴûһЩʿֻɢްˣʵȫܺеľӢȣͿɲ浽ΪԼĿɱŲʿˣ
ߵļ¶һ˿ЦݣǼɢ޵ĴҲܵǸʿĴ֮еĶͶΪ֮𾪣澹ȻǧʯȻʯвʲôʿпһʴĿˣҲǵһοһʿӵôʯˣںʿĴ֮оȻƷһֻƺһѺڽЩڹ¶Ȼħ
ͻȻʶԼɱһǲõĴڣͨʿϸôķʯ
ף򣡡;ɵĿŴе
֮һöϾȻ͸¶Ѫ⣡
ͽʶУ˭֪͵ʶոսоͱһɾ޴ʶ˳С֮ͽ
ۣǿʶ̲ס˿Ѫ
;ĿöѪɫ֮оȻһʶȻһЩʵǿʿзһԼʶ򣬵û뵽龹ȻԼˣҴʶǿȿʶڵʿȻشͣ
ɫŹֵĿö񲻾ζԼ޷õ֮мصĹöȻʿʶҲ֤ݵĲܷ
˿ս˴֮УѾҪôܽǵֲʶˣһжҪȵʶָ֮󣬸ոһ͵һˣûһ븴ԭҪѻָĶ࣡
ҡҡٻᦣһ֮ǰֵιﾲվ͵ǰ
ιﲻǱ֮бͻɱĹʬٻ˹ʬ֮ƺĳֱ仯ԭȵԩĻȻͳͳʧˣֻʣһͷʬ벻ͨʬˣڰٻ֮ȴұĸǿŹʬϺۼ׼ʹҲˣʬԼһ鷳£
Ȼٻ֮еԩȫʧˣǰٻᦵȴû˿ļǿ󣬶߹ʬƺҲ˰ٻᦵĻһ㣡Ҳı仯ǺǻĽݽһö֮пûļأڵİٻѾĽݼİٻᦣڻʲôҲ
أһٶʮöǧѩҵĺŹʬ壬ǹʬԴȴ޶ԣǧѩĹʬϵۼ׾ס
һٶʮöǧѩ۳һ˱ǹХ
أʬȻֿȭĽס˱ǹ
䣡ʬ˫һǧѩ˲ָԭ
ǿ̾Ȼʬ֮ǿ˲٣
ͻȻԼ֮лһöʬĹʹӴ֮ó˲䣬ʬˣͬӰһ͵ǰ˫ĶеĹ
г˾ʬʱֵĻ˿ûз֮ǹʬȴһҲֻĶеĹ
Ҫһ㶡
ʬȻ˵ͷҲһ˿â
üͷ֪һöʬ֮ʲôöǹʬͷģ͵谭ĻҲһͷʬѾɹˣ
֮ͻǽеĹӸ˹ʬ
ʬһ˿ȣһڽ̽У
𣡡¹֮ʬ˷ܵĴԼؿڣʱ콵ɽͷȻһŨΧ
ʲô;ĿĺЩʴ֮ǧý⽣Ȼҡҡ׹ͻǵһξͿǧý⽣ܹסʿĴڰǽһ¾;ҵҡ֮е̲Ŷǿ
ǣûеͷӦǧý⽣ͱƣûǧý⽣赲ֱ룬ܿͽɽͷΧ
磡ʲôˣԵˮҲܴص쳣ֹͣ
⡭⡭Ե˺龰ճͱǰľסˣ
ŨħȻħʿɽ٣Ԫһ֮бڱչ֮еʯɽ֮ܵԪ쳣ɵ۾
ǿ٣ʲôʿȻǿ٣ħڰʿĿڵķ૵
ۣ
ۣ
ۣ
Եֵ֮ܵеѹ׷һѪȥ
Եˮʹ󾪣֪ڵѾĿƷΧ˵ز˾֮ͷɿ뿪ɽͷ
ʱʬѾ˷ܵ˼㣬ĴԼظһɫĽƳɽ̺֮ͷƤ飬Ƶǰ;ԼһС
¡һɫԤ׵
𣡡ʬܾȻɺɫ׵Լ壡
ɽ٣ȻǶɽ٣ͿǺɫʱ
ηĴڣҪΪʿȹ٣󲿷ֵʿһؿڻ
ʬȻҪɽˣǿѹסĵľвµĺɫ׵磡Щ׶ʬһӲۼ׵ס˹ʬڲеǰʬҲ˴󵨵ƾ׺ڰٻз֮󣬹ʬ֮ǰ֪ǿ˶ٱʹӲҲ첻ʲô˺
̣ɫĵⲻڹʬʱʱ֡Ѿǵߵˣһ˵ʿɽֻоŵǰߵ׼ûиʬ˺ȴҴ⣬׵ԽԽǿڰ˵׵ǵߵʮ
ڰ˵ȴٳٲ£׻Խ֤Խǿ
𣡡ʬƺҲһ˿вһں³һɢĹĹƮ˹ʬͷϵţ
¡ڰ˵£ڵ֮оȻдһ˿ɫ
أɫ׺͹ʬĹݺݵײһ
䣡׵͸ݺݵĳڹʬϣ
¡ɽͷΪ׵ʼѿʬҲ׾޴˵棡ӲۼҲһ俪ʬһֻ֮лΪ˻ҽ
˻ԶۿʬɽٵҲ̲סһ׵֮ǿʹǺͷ¾ɽҲضð
⻹ֻǵڰ˵װˣھŵѾ֮УɫĽ֮оȻһ˿ɫ
𣡡ʬŭĿ֮еĽƣǵ֮ԽԽǿҵɫʱʬˣɼһ׵жǿ
ʱһ׾Ȼ˰ʱ
䣡һȻһױ֮ǰСĶ࣬ȴû˸Сһף̺Ļ֮ԽһɽΪɻң


42 
ʬֵĿеɫСɫСʬȻ᲻һ˿ĵֿ֮ģ
ˣεҡҡͷʧȥ˹ʬǿϧѣ
ಣһֱĴ͵֮еһӰ֮ӭף
䣡СɽΪ޴ըһʱɳʯʹԶڼ￪Ҳյ˲
أʯײǧѩķϾȻǧѩһҡΣֻǱըǱըĵжǿ¼ʹڵʿҲҪΪɻҰɣ
飡һȻ֪Ĳ˾ҵıը֮оƷҲδ⣬ΨһʬûҲɥʧһЩֶΣû˵Ļ;ʧȥɽʱˣ˵˿߲㶼δ̤ùȥ
ಣͽ֮ʱವһ͵ĵ֮У
һϲʶæ֮У
һӭ
̣͵ʶȻһ׸סˣ;쵽ԼʶȻڱ
ʹ󾪣ʶߵҪԲԶʶĵĹĻ˼꣬һ˺ϣ͵ʶֻǱ֮еǿʶһ¾Ҫһµʱʶڱ⼸Ҫ͵
Ŭ˼֮ͱķεԼʶ޷һף׾ƹ֮һĲס͵ʶʶĴʹͼ˰ʱԭڵʶȻֻʣһ㣬൱Ųң
ಣͼҪڵʱ׾Ȼʧˣ
ãȻĿڣʱѾǴˣԭֻ֮ǵķΪͺ֣ںͺĽӳȻһɫ״Ķ
ͿһɫɵĴһսĿ־壡
ףƿڶ
һɫȻǸոͼףҲζÿһν鶼Ҫʹ࣡һ뵽ոձʶ;ͲɵĴһսÿζҪʹĻͶˣʶʹģȫʹܹģ
ͷڳ˶һ֮ûԵĸı䲻ɵ˿ĸͿɲϣһ飡ûзִںıײ͸һ˿ɫһȻͨԴԴϵűۼ
ಣһӰѸٵĳͣڼײ֮ʱӰ˲ͣס
ʬһӰ̲֮ס˳
ڵĹʬͷԼȻʬΪ
ףȻҵʶֻŲ㣡һ뵽ոյ
ʬ˫һת˿һԵİٻᦣͿŹʬҲ֪Ϊʲôöȹ֮ĹʬȻе㲻ͬˣΪϣ;ùƺһЩʲôҲ˵ǺʵǹʬʵѾԶԶˣٲȡһʩĻʬпܷ
һ˿ǣͶŹʬ˵
ʬĿͣƺ͵˼
ĻǣеɱһʬĿƵĻƴʹһηҲҪͷʬɱɲ߷һʱвԼĶ
𣡡ʬһԼĹ͵ϣ
ʹĿԼеĹ׹ʬôʲô˼ԼĹԼʲôã
𣡡ڵĹͻȻһâû͵Ժ֮У
ˣ;Լһͷʬƺʲôϵһ㣬·ԼֻҪһͷͿùʬɢ
âĹĹâðٻص˹ʬ֮У
ɣȻʬʲô֪߹ʬѾУѾûʲôвˣ
ʬһΪһ˰ٻ֮УҲѾ֮ܳΪٻˣ֮ΪᦸΪǡڰٻֻ֮йʬһĴڣԩ꣬ӵȴͨԩһٻ֮У
ű׻ɽͷεĿЦһû뵽ֻס˼ɽͷͱˣ˵ʮ쾹ȻҴȻֻҪ򵥵޸һ±ٴʹãҲǲеĴˣǲٴˣһζɽ϶ʿʱ߶߲ˣ
ű͹һʱҲѲֻÿ뿪
ʵϾ뿪ôʿͷӵвʮһĸ֣ЩʿҵɽʧܺߵĲϾûôҵ֮»ʿܹ
ҵһɽ֮ͽ˰֮˿췢ʵ̫ˣû뵽ʶ˴˵еٶһӵһڵĹʬҲζʿʹ÷¾ɽҲ֮һսˣ
̵Ļû뵽һξȻʲôûҵѵٺˣһʿߵ˵
Ҳ˽ȵ˰ɣˣǰиɽǽȥϢһ°ɣһʿ
ɫһеɱһѲǸĲϵҲʮˣվɱ֮ˣų˹ʬ
ųƣǣ
𣡡ʬһ֮¼͵ĶĤƣڵѹ˲Ƭ
ʿʿĿŶڣ
Ϸ뿴ǣߵ
ǰðˣҵȥһʿɫ԰׵˵
û߼⼸ʿԼͬĿ˶Էһۣ֣
ʿĻô˵ҵѱɱ˰ɣһʿ૵
ʺĵطôܻʿҲһ˵ʿ
Ҳ˵ʿոշųѹҪǣֱǴ˵
ʿԽԽÿɣ
Ҫȥһʿ
һʿҸж񣿡һʿһЦ
ôһ˵ڳʿЦһʿҾԲڵܹȵģõʿıһӶóˣȻգǸ⼸ʿһͷԣ
֪һѾЩʿһˣǼȻ⼸ʿ֪Ҳܹĺˣ
ȥɱǣǵĴûʬ㴦ã˵
ಣʬʱΪһӰ˳ȥżϢĹʬ˽ʿȻҽûзͱʬˣǵʬҲ˹ʬĶˣ⵹ʡͻʬˣ
һȺ֪ĶͲмĽеĴһߣɢ޵Ķͻ濴ۣ


43 ״
͹ԵһʱҲѲʶĽǵһɲǲڿǶһף
̣ݲͷΧ͵ϣ
Ľͬʶʱʹ࣬ʱ嶼ɫĵ绡Χ仰˵Ǳˣ
ƺôŹͣΧ׾Ȼϵ;£ת֮;ͱһˣ
ˣ׾ȻҲʼ͵ʶ˫ʹͳ׻ȥʹǻȥЩҲ׼Źͣ˰ʱЩײ뿪͵壡
ȥȫûע⵽Լԭɫֻԭ֮һʶҲֻԭķ֮һڻɫ֮оȻԼԼ͸¶һ˿ɫ
ӻѹֻ΢һʹĵʹ˰ʱûˣ
ҵͿԼڼһҵᣡҪͺѣò׽Ϊȶ㣬˭֪һӻȥ˽һֱӽΪĲң
ҺʲôôˣңͿźΧƿڴʶ͵ʵ˲ֹһΰÿν鶼ҪԽԼΪΪ۵Ļﻹҽ
䣡һָ𾪵һָٶȻ϶Ҫ֮ǰǿϲ٣ֻǶ˺ٵѣǰĻָҪڵ
أָһ˼֮ײ˱ϣȴûиκεˣ
⵽ʲôãȻĿԼСȴԼڱ֮ǰҪǿ
ɢһһٶʮöǧѩ˳Ʒɳʶһٶʮöǧѩ룬ڿȻҪɲ٣һٶʮöǧѩֱ۵һ㣬ͿƵļ޾Ҳԭ߳٣ԭҾѾ͵ļˣȴ쵽˰ң
ף˲뵽˸ıһеĸԴ
Ͳ֪Ѿռһıˣʿ֮ԱʿǿԭΪܹ׵ϴʶ׵Ĵ֮Ѿʵĸı䣡ھܵһ̣׵ϴȶɽҪº˲٣ÿһζʿɶֹЩɽٵʿûôˣŲסǻɢĽ֡
׽е޳ʹ͵ΪȻ˵ȴһ¥ʶҲˣ
һ˿ϲɫֻҪܹǿԼʵÿ쾭׵ĴҲϧˣ
Ϳ˿ҧҧֳһʶ˹ȥ
Ȼһ͵ʶͼæջԼʶһ˿׽ſ
̣϶ʱһɫĵ绡˸
ߺߣͽҧأϵʹ亹ֱһ˿׳ʱ䲢Ϣʱˣǽô̵ʱѾ£Ȼǳ˼ʹ࣡ʹҲûлرڵ׵Ĵ̼֮¾Ȼһ˿ϲҲζҵһΪĵ·һ뵽״ʱʹ;ͲɵôһõȴܳʹãԳܲ˳ʱ׻
뷨һ֮ͱڱԱ߿ʼոտʼ;ͷ쳣ΧȻƽʱҪ񱩵Ķָ࣬оǡһ㣡ȴҪº͵Ķ࣬û޷ܵʹ࣡Ȼ񱩵Ǻһܹʶ
۾ɻĿ˿ԭһͨ徧ӨһϺõʯһ㣬ûʲô仯
ɫһڱĸ;ȻһɫϸƣɫϸƺСϸ۲ĻͲ֣ᷢ͸ҿ϶֮ǰϾûһɫϸƣ
ף΢΢̾˿Ȼл׵ڱΧҲܵ׵Ӱÿ񱩲ѣǳĳԭȴЩҪʿ֪;Ȼܹ񱩵Ļ°ͶҪһˣտ񱩵·ڶܽľ飡
ȻڱΧʶ嶼Щ΢ĴʹУǺ״ʹֱӣ֮еͻȻԵ˿Ҫˣæ˳顣
ԵˮǸоΣһеʵ
ãֻǾͷеΣͻ˻Դ˵
Ҳǣˮ˵ͷ
ǾͺãͲɵһһθԵˮʲô˺ΪһػҪһʱѹ
ԵɣóöݸԵˮ
˳֮Ϣһ³һ
͸磬ǵô£ˮʵ
ǰ磬ǶƵʲôȻ˿ֲһ뵽ʱص׵Եͺ¡
ǽƣҵĹʬɽĽƣҲû뵽ʬȻɽ٣̾˿
ʬʲôˮһ㶣
΢΢һЦֵϸʬʵʿʱ˵ͶųOͣ
˼ǣһͷʬڵʵѾʿˣһͷʬ㣡Եʵ
Цŵ˵ͷ
͸ԺǾͲˣˮ˷ܵ˵
Ҳѹˮ뷨һγȥԵ˲飬Ǳ콣ɵ裬Ǳʿ׷ɱߵΣճ̶Ѿ̵ʶҲһʿںĻͻһʿĴڣ
Ȼô˵ԼΪҲ£ֻԼǿ˲;˵
ţ֪ˣˮЦĵ˵ͷ
һɣǵɽͷѾ׺ˣҪҸطҵط֮ǰʱסɽˣ˵
ţͬʱ˵ͷุĴڣ͵ĻǶǺԥӣ
Ҳ֮óһöͮͮĹʵȻɽµĻڻѾһ׶ߵĴѾʮһŻ֮;ԼڱһƤҲΪ±Ϻɫ
ͽæתջҩû뵽ҩƺԴԴһ㣬ϳ͵֫ٺ
䣡ͻȻԼʲôһ㣬ҩĳǸȱӿȥǵ׼̽ʱȴԼ޷Ǹطҩ˰ӣȴûиܵһ˿ҩЩҩ·𶼽޵׶һ㣡


44 ʬս
ЩʧҩȫǱ翵˰ɣȻܹǶûбȽʶֻ֪ĺûһߵʣֻҪʺһ׳Ҳ
΢Ϣһ֮󿴵Եˮ֮е˵ͷ
ˣѾ˵
ҲӽɣҪľʵ˵
ǣˣ˵ͷ
³ȥһˣûʲôĻòҪߣҪߵĻ鷳ˡݷţʲôΣյĻʩչ룡ͽݷϣ
ǣ˵ͷ
ȡɽڿն𣬶͵Ŀ֣ȻʬѾڵΪͶԹʬʵûʶҪԹʬʵнһʶõķʵս
ಣһЩֻǰһ
ʲôٶȣѵʮĴ֣һЩ߿͵ıӰ૵
ֻ֣ˣһͷ֮С
һƷ޻ЫͿһͷ޵һЦ֮ǰĻʰһͷЫҪһ㹦򣬵Ǿ׵Ĵ֮͵ʵһʵķԾ
ͣһöǧѩ谭Ĵ͸˻ЫͷԭݵĻЫ˲һ顣
ʬҡҡеᦣһʬվ͵ԣ
ָűɱĻЫ˵
𣡡ʬһţɱĻЫʬ徹ȻΪһڹ˹ʬĿУ
̣̣
˹ʬĴڵ޼Ƶߣͺ͹ʬ谭ĽֺĴ
ֵĺӦжްɣ͵˵
Ҳ൱ʿĴڣһ˵޵ʵҪǿʿԼʹʿҲԸǶޣĶɱͬʿʿ͸ҽֺĴֻ˵֪η
𣡡ոսֺ;ͱһͷɫϻסȥ·
һƷޣױ׻һ˿â
ȣûеױ׻;ָǧѩй
ǳϵǣǧѩ뾹Ȼױ׻嶼޷ӽһٶʮöǧѩȫױ׻ϵĻ浲סǧѩ뱾һƷѩĶƳɣƷϾͺױ׻£ˮˣǧѩ뱻ױ׻Ҳ֮У
һƷ޲һƷޣ͸̾ȻֻһƷһƷ޵ʵһƷȫͬնڵʵǧѩɱ󲿷һƷޣǶһƷȴΪһƷ޵ʵ൱ʮһʮĸ֣һɱһͷһƷҪĸʮһҵʿɱ
ҵʵһЩĸȻкܴĲడа̾һ
ʬɱеĺһ
𣡡ʬ廯Ϊһڹ⣬һȭױ׻ϣ
Χױ׻ۼ׾Ȼһȭķ飡
أױ׻һɵ徹ȻʬһȭɣԶԶڼʮɿ⣬ʬһȭۼ׵ĸڲϵѪױ׻г˿־壬ʹֵĺҲһʵȻ޵һƷ֮Ҳ൱ǿĴڰǽ쾹Ȼһȭܣ
𣡡ױ׻ŸľʹͷܣһƷ޵Ѿ࣬ǰﲻԼֵܹĴڣ
ɱ˵
أһȭһȭױ׻ļ׵֮ϣ
ǣֻһ죬ױ׻ļ׵Ȼʬһȭϣ
໣ױ׻֮ʾȻһҧס˹ʬļƴһױ׻ӵǿ󣬾ǸҲһҧϣ
ǡױ׻ʬϵһۼ׵ʱȻˣһƷױ׻ݾȻˣױ׻Դ̴Ʒʬϵۼ׾Ȼˣ
أױ׻ûжԹʬκε˺Դ˹ʬֻǾȭͷһȭױ׻ͷϣױ׻ͷ­˲䱬ѣ
ͲĿűʬȭױ׻һƷ޾ôˣ˼򵥵ĸɵˣʬֻǻӳȭˣȭȭױ׻
ױ׻צͶ˵֮ͱ㽫ױ׻ʬӸ˹ʬʬһڽױ׻ʬ£׽˼֮һ£ָоʬ޵ʬ֮ƺһıǿҲһ㣬ʬƺֻĹӼʬ͹ֶν壬һЩһӵһЩǹʬȷǿףһƷ޶ɵĴҿʬȻûгȫҲҲֻж޲ŻԹʬһвɣ
أŹʬһȭһֻһƷ޺ȻأѾǹʬɵĵֻһƷˣһǺķȻֻһƷޣٶȼʹʿҲδ׷ϣʬܹһȭ
๺ͳ֮ЩһƷ޵ĲܹʲôһƷϵĲƵķ࣬ǧѩѩĶƵķν֮٣ȻҲ˵ĸ߼ۣ
𣡡ͻȻʬһ
ôˣһ㶣
ʬ˫ĶǰоȻðŨŨս⣡
һܹùʬսĴڿҲڵĴڣ
أǰһֻӰ֯һ
䣡Ӱײһɲһ˲ӿʹΪҲеģ
أأأһײǿ˽ΧľݻٴҲͶԶԶģѾܹˣ֮ĶԾͲССܹģսನԵֵ
䣡һȭӰͣʱͲſ͹ʬսʲôȻҲһͷʬ͵ĹʬͬǣһͷʬϸǵĲۼ׶Ƕĵĸ⣬滹һЩɫҺ壡ȴ˿С߹ʬܹԼĹʬò֤һͷʬҲڵĴڣϵĸ⿴һʵˣһڵһʬʱѾ̵ˣ
͵Ĺʬŭһ廯Ϊһڹ⣬һȭ˹ʬؿڣʬʬؿڱۼ׹ʬһȭð˽ȥǸʬʬȴܲˣ˫ץסۼ׹ʬֱۣһˤݺݵĽۼ׹ʬˤ˵ϣһȭۼ׹ʬ˵棡
ۼ׹ʬ͵һ̧ͷʬԴݺݵײһ
ǣ
ۣ
ۼ׹ʬ͸ʬʬͬʱ˼ۼ׹ʬͷۼ׾ȻˣһƷ޶޷ֺۼ׾Ȼˣ


45 綾
໣Ľͬʱ𣬵漴ӰѸٵĽ֯һ
䣡
䣡
䣡
ʬĶѾ쵽۸ϵĵز
飡
飡
ۼ׹ʬ͸ʬʬؿڸһȭۼ׹ʬؿڵۼױķ飬ʬʬҲòȥѪɵģʬɵĿŶԷȻǶܵ˶ԷԼвȴ˭Ҳò
ͲĿʬʬӦûʲôްɣʲôԭǲһеҪԷأ
𣡡ۼ׹ʬŭͺȻۼ׹ʬ徹Ȼڲϵĳԭֻ͵ĹʬѾɣһСɽһ㣡
𣡡ۼ׹ʬһȭ£
أʬʬ˫һžȻӲסۼ׹ʬһȭ
ͣʬʬ³һɵɫҺ壡
ۼ׹ʬۼһ⵭ɫҺ徹Ȼð˰̶̣̼Ϣʱۼ׹ʬֱϵۼ׾ͱʴ¶ɭ׵Ĺͷ
𣡡ۼ׹ʬʹ֮˳һ齫ʬʬ˰֮Զ
¡¡ۼ׹ʬȻôŹʬʬһͽʬʬݺݵĲ˽ŵף
ۼ׹ʬ˫Ÿʬʬһֻһ㣡
꣡ۼ׹ʬ˫һͽʬʬͷ­š󽫸ʬʬʬ˺ѣ֮ҵһöԲĹͬۼ׹ʬĹһöȻ͵ģ
ۼ׹ʬû˿ԥö˽ȥ㻯Ϊһ̻ص֮У
ɵ㶵ĿᦣٻʬûκεķӦһЦĿΧֵĺĲְһƷжޣһȻԶһǿ󣬵Ҳûǿ󵽿ԺһƷӲĵز֮ԸҽŹʬĴڣ˭Ҳ벻ʬһöɫĹ֮Ȼص֮Уٻ
û˹ʬİʣµֻһĿɬ
𣡡ʬս֮ոձʬҲʼ
Щ޺ɫһæһݷ£µֻݳŹһʱ䣬ֻҪ뿪ֺģ;η壡
أһȫûע⵽ڵص»жڣһͷ棡
̲סײϵĶͷǳǰľȻһ˫۾޵۾
һƷ޶󸣡;Ǽ˹һӳ˵صף
ɣײĶƺôŹͣȻ˵صף
ап࣬û뵽һƷѲĶ󸣡
綾ܣ
һƷƷޣþ綾Ƥ񡣾綾ܵʵǺǿһЩһƷ޶׵ɱܣǾ綾ȴ֮каԵľϵľ綾綾ܵĶ˵һޣǶҲδظһ¡ʿ綾ܾǼ˹һ㣬綾ܵĶ˵ҩɽ⵫ͨĽⶾͲ綾ܵĶԲʿ޶ھ綾һǾԶ֮Ҳû뵽ԼȻôùѲľ綾ܣ
ɡ
ſ죬һīɫŨɫһ䣬æŲͬʱȡһŷתǰһ˦ںһ
ʱȼгĽ֨DDа
֣̺Ũâ֮Ũɢ
õģһָԷԼƳ֮ЧͨߵĶûãȻһ綾޻ʲôԴͨ
Ȼһϼһٶʮöǧѩ߳˾綾ܡ
綾ȻѲһıȫĶϣֻҪܿĶҺҲδûһս֮
ǧѩھ綾ܵϾȻһƤסˣǧѩ뻹մȾ˾綾ϵĶҺЩҺʴ֮ǧѩϵȻԽԽ٣
һæջǧѩ룬ǱҺʴǧѩȫޣһ׷ȻôˣȻѩ;綾ͬһƷޣڶѩԶԶ綾ܣһ˲ǧѩͱ綾ܵĶҺʴɼ綾ܵĶҺĶжǿ
ȥͳʮö䣬һĻ˲˾綾ܣ
飡о綾ȴûжԾ綾κεˣЩһƷҪƿ綾ܵķǲܵ飡
ȥ͵ıҲڴˣöסľ綾ȫûע⵽һöڵС
һöڵСҲǧѩһ綾ܵĶҺʴȫޣͱǴϵһƷش綾ܵģû뵽Ȼ綾ܵƤûƿ
綾ǳƤ񣬷ţҪ̬һʼ۱ǹĻҲǿƾ綾ܵķڼǲܵ飡
ұóƷ˾綾ܣոտ綾ͱѿ޴ıը˲佫綾ûһϲʱҲ˲ûʲô޵עˣڿնȥ
ԱҲֻ͸ô˵ģһЩһҲһȴһԱԱǿżʹǾ綾Ҳ𣬾ҲҪһƤ
ɣͲһͷȥ
綾ܾȻ׷綾ϽһСˣԱʮʿҲ˵ȫ˰
ͣ綾ڵһһģϳſ䶾ҺЩҺһ㣬ٶȼ죬Բпܱ伯У
һ·һЩ޿綾ܾǿһ㣬׷˱ᣬһЩ޹ǲ綾ܵϢ׷Զݣһ·ûʲô޵˵о綾ܵһݹأ
ͣ綾ܵĶҺͽµķɽ
ˣͰһæ˽µķɽʱ綾ܵĶҺѾӣͿɲ뱻綾ܵĶҺ
ಣͽµķɽһȫΧȥͱĶ࣬ҩ࣬Ǯ࣬࣡⼸켰ɱ˲ǵķȫ䵽͵У͵ĴлмƷɽأ
ۣ綾ͻȻֹͣ䶾Һ֮һô·磬ôһѸٵĳӣ
Ͷʱ⣬Щ֮޻ֲȫʧȥ
ѹ־綾֮󣬼ʹڵǿҲⶾ΢΢̾˿
ʬ㵽׳Ϳŭᦻû˿ķӦ
ҧҧѵҪ
ͿŴ֮нʣһû뵽û˼¾ȰĶˣأҲ˲ôˣ


46 綾
ȣʹһһѤ˲佫ͰΧ͵Ϊİ˲ʮһ㣡
նеĻƽһһвתų˾綾ܣ
ɣ綾һ˿־壬һһ
ͣ綾ܵĶҺճ͵նϣȻڲϸʴնо綾ܵʱֻʣʮ֮һˣ޷ƿ綾ܵķ
һصĿž綾ܣ綾ܵļ̶ֳѾԶԶԤϣ綾ܵĶҺһܸʴͷֻҪһӴ綾ܵĶҺȫޣʹǧѩķ˾綾ܵĶҺҲһѷҲֻƷֵܹסֶҺɣ
ߣʹŻƽɿΧȥ
綾ƺ׼һ㣬Ȼĸͣ𿴾綾ӷ׵ӵжٶȴ˿һԾԾʮɣȵٶˡھ綾ܶĸ֮ͲòܣôһٶȾʹ󽵵ͣҲʹһֱ޷˦綾ܣ
ʱļ٣Чֻάһңһʱҵĸͻڹȥʱ²þ綾ܶԼ֮У
ͣ綾һڶⶾҺȻֱֱķ͵ţ
ʶĽԼеᦵԼǰ
̣Һճᦵı治ϷͷƤ𾪵ϵƺûм٣ճϵĶҺȻᦸˣ
Ȼ֪ʲô;ץס˾һ㣬ᦺԼǰĿž綾ܣ
ͳ޻һ˿
𣡡Ĳл껯Ŀž綾ܣϵź࣡
ɣ綾֮ܿȻ˼
ɱͺ
𣡡ų˾綾ܣ
ɣ綾³һڶҺֱ
ͣҲʾһڶҺ˳ȥߵĶҺڿײϸʴŶԷĶҺҺȻ;綾ܲ£
Ͳʹž綾ܣ綾ܲȥļ˷˽ʣһ޻һͷ綾նɱĻ͵ʧ˭ȥ
ۣһҧס˾綾ܵ壡˲䴩͸˾綾ܵ壡Ǿ綾ܱƤĶҺȴþĲл겻ȶͼæ޻йעľڵõ͵ע֮˲ָ˾
ǣҧס˾綾ܣ
һĿűҧסľ綾ܣԼ綾׷֮ңڿ綾ĩﳩ첻ѣ
ࣣؼʱе޻Ȼһѷĩ
ɵ㶵ĿԼķĩû뵽޻ȻôʧȥЧã
ۣ綾һ³ڶ
ͣڶҺȫᦵסһģЩҺգ
綾ɻĿеᦣûԼĶҺʴʿķеǧѩ붼ܲס綾ܶҺĸʴƺͲܾ綾ܶҺӰ죬Ӱһվ綾ܵĶҺ
ˣͷƤһ飬һɴʹ漴
ŭһû뵽Ҫʱʱ侹Ȼˣ
ľʹǿ룬ĳͶԻɱ綾ʮ㣬˭֪ھ綾ܶҺĸʴ޻ھ޻ԭĵĿĶ࣡һ͸޷¾ɽҲ
֪Ӧֱ¾ɽͷ綾ܾ͵նɱ뵽
綾ƺҲ͵쳣ӹĵģ
ۣһ³ȻɳĶǼһ㣡
̣ͽµĻƽ˲䱻ʮУת֮ʧʧȥ˷ɽ֧һͷ˵ϣ
ɣ綾ܲмĿ͡ȻΪߣǻǵһ˷࣡
ɣ綾ܴһţ׼һڽ֮̽У
أ綾ܾԼҧһһ㣡漴ȭ߻صģ
ʬͿŵԼǰȫۼ׸ǵĹʬһϲ
ʬͷһɲͷֹʬ۾Ȼɫģ˹ʬʵ֮ǰǿ˲٣
綾ֵܾĿۼ׹ʬıܸǰΣգԼΪĶҺȻ޷κ˺
ʬ˿ȭͷϵɫĶҺЩҺת֮ͱۼ׹ʬգ
䣡ʬһȭ綾嶼ɣ
ɣ綾ܲһƷޣʬоȻз֮Ķ
綾ܵĶڹʬϷһĴ죬漴ЩҺʬգ
أʬһԾ𣬽Ưڿеľ綾һŲȵ˵ϣ
أ綾ܵڹʬһŵ֮˲䱬ը
ĶҺľʹ˵
ʬõ͵֮ͽ綾ڵĶժ˳͵ǰ
ͿҲȥֱֻӽҵŵһ֮У
뿪⣬һطˣ˵
䣡ʬ˫һţһԾ֮ʧ
ۣ̲ס˿ѪʱһѨ֮вתָĴˣȻһͷ޽ԳĳѨ˽ԳʱѾ˱ʬһߡۼ׹ʬһվڶѨڣһЩ޾УʱѾ޵ʬ壬оȻͷޣ
г˯һʱۼ׹ʬ˸ʬʬĹ֮Ȼӵ˸ʬʬöԳۼ׹ʬϵĶֻǼ򵥵һȭƷ޽ԳɥȪŽԳڵʬ嶼뵽ʬϵĶжôֲ֮Ⱦ綾ܵĶͲʲôЩۼ׹ʬе޵ʬȫڵϣû͵ʬûЩʬ塣
һƿش֮͵ɫŽ
ɣ˵
ಣʬ˲仯ΪһӰ˶Ѩ֮У
߷ڵĽԳһ㶣漴ε̾˿ʱԳһǶ͸Ͳ
ܲܽϵĶȥͿۼ׹ʬʵ
͸ո˵ԳϵĺȻһһȥۼ״һŽһź룡
ĿɿڴĿһУʱԳﻹһ˿жļ󣿽Գʬ봢֮ĵ˵ͷԳΪϵĲȻϧޱȣǽԳצƳķض
綾ܻȥϴ󲿷ֵķʹ϶ûʲôֻܴЩ޵⣡


47 ɽ
̤ڵʱȴǰһĻˣڶھȻʮͷ޵ʬ壬оȻͷޣһͷ׻һͷʨЩȫǱۼ׹ʬۼ׹ʬЩϵĶ֮ͽЩȫװ˴֮УϵĴȽ϶࣬ȻװЩ޵ʬ塣
ö֮ۼ׹ʬʵ֮ǰȼֱһһأƷ޶ɻɱҲֻжƷ޲ŶԹʬһвɡȻһֳ˲⣬ǽȴʮ⣬õ˴޵ʬۼ׹ʬʵҲʵߣڵǿۼ׹ʬҲҪ䰡ʬϵĶѾ˺˵ĵزֻҪմһǿҲֻеķݣ
ڹʬİһ·ƽ߳֡ͿŹʬüͷȡһӸ˹ʬ
ϰɣ
õ͵ʬ۴ϣǹʬЩӲۼ׽һ۴̵ǧٿס
ܰۼ𣿡ʵ
ۣһ̴ʬϵۼ׾Ȼȫս֮Уٴδϵ֮ʬޱ֮⾹Ȼͳ죡
ͿŹʬװĵ˵ͷһ׼ɽ֮˴켸һóôһƷǶ޵ʬ˵ǣóֵʿȫͬˣһ;׼ùʬԼʦ
ڹʬ֮ͱŹʬһУһ·һЩ߶ֹķзʽе֣Ǹܵʬǿֲѹ֮ԶԶģڵʿɲܹǵĴڣ
ǿϢѾڵǿ˰ɣɽ֮еϸܵʬϢ֮۾
ΪϢ֮мдŨѲʿĹԵʣüͷ
֮ıԼò֮ŹʬɽУ
λѣǵһɽаɣҶɽĺܣֻҪһƷʯҾͿԴѹɽУһʿյ͵ǰ˵
ǵͱĹʬʱɫһףǹʬݿֲҪǹʬûϢڵѹһֿܹģ
Ϣһ
õ͵ʬϢʿһ㣡
ʿµĿ˿ʬͷߣ
ͽסʿ
ʿһɫ԰׵Ŀͣڡڡڡ顣塭ײǰ롭롭ǰ£
ʿͰ͵Ľ仰˵̲סЦѶˣʦ޶⣡ʦͽɽвô˽⣬ֻҪѴǵȥĵطԸʮƷʯ
ʮƷʯʿ̲ס˳ʮƷʯɵֵµˣ
ʮƷʯǰҰɣұҪ˽ɽУһʿʮƷʯʱ˹
Ұɣǰõģ
ң
ң
˲ͱһȺʿΧסˣЩʿΪձĲ㣬Ϊ޷ɱ׬ȡʯֻɽ֮һЩ˵صʿ·ЩʿɽеĵеϵÿδȥĵطһЩ̶ĵ̣³ܴ֮ӵ֮еõһЩؿۣȻÿ׬ĺ٣ǻԼٱȵʯϴҪõĶ࣡
ʬ˲䱬ЩͽʿɫҰף
߰ɣͿʿ˵
ʿãȻĵ˵ͷ
ǰɽкܴǰҪĶҵһЩϡĶֻɽϲܼɽÿžһΣһŹȥңǰμӵĻҪȴ£ʿ˵
ްһʦҪһЩ֪ɽʲôĵ̣ʵ
Уɽ֮ڵĵ̣ǰҲ֪ǿݵĴɰķҪͨǿϲ٣ڼǮе󣡡ʿԼ֪йڵȫ˵˳
۸⣬ȥɣ͵˵ͷ
ǰ룬߹ȥ־ڵˣʿЦе˵
ɽͿͷ΢΢һЦ
ϰ壬дˣʿŵ̺
ˣܴʲô󡭡΢΢ʿû˵㿴˸ͱʿȻֹ
ǰʿ̬һһٰʮȵĴת䡣
ʬ΢΢˵ͷ߽֮УȻһжڱٿء
֪ǰҪʲôķʿŹʬ˵
ǹʬȴ۾ʿ
ʿֻεЦЦҲҷŭʿҲôʿʮҲҳʿ󺰴а
Ĺµ𣿡ʵ
ûȫɽƹ񣡡ʿ˵ͷ
ʦҪƼͿ˿Χ
ȫƹλȻҲ˼֮ˣ͵˼
ǰ룬ǵ˵ȫЦ
ͿŹʬ˺ã
ȫָһް߰׵ߣڳӳϣ
ʿͫһ
ѣ֪ҪʲôķüͷǵһμֻʿҲ֪ʲôĹܱӣԽǹĹԽǿְԼ˲˹ʿΪ£
ʬļӸӣʶһɨһĿŹʬͷޣԳ׻ʨ
˻ȫ̲סһͷǺôֱʣȫƹʮ껹ǵһοһóͷޣ
ﻹУͽԼĴȥ
һƷһƷױ׻ӵ˵ͷȻֻһƷĺܣԶԶû֮ǰͷ
֪ЩƳʲôʵ
ԳǿľĹֻצӿƳһ׷ԳĹͷҲǼӲ쳣һǶҲ´ࡣ׻ĻľǱǶԳƷзǸѡ񣬶׻צӺƳһݽʨƳһĩۣ֮Ӳʦһ˲ͽ⼸ͷϵĲ˹滮
Щ޵𣿡ʵ
ڣ͵˵ͷ
̫ˣͷ޵İ˵ƳƷӹЦΪһʦûбȵõô༫Ʒϸ˵ˣƷʹƳƷҲָ
ױ׻أʵ
ҲƳһԷзױ׻ۼ׿һöƣ˵
鷳ٰһԷзɣ͵ݹһװһͷʬ壡
ģϷһ߾ȫģ£֮ǹã˵
£üͷû뵽ƼȻҪôʱ䣡


48 ػ𣬵¯
Ӽ;Ȼ̲סüͷһʿȻǰָֻŵģҪǹ˼һһ仰û˵ĹʬĻͳֽѵһˣϾǿԼģԼóܵġԵĹʬȴһֺΣյĸоӲǿŽŭѹ
Сѣ֪ˡһźܸӵѧʣϷаҲǸżˡȲ˵ЩϵĲҪһϵеĴ׼ЩϵĸϾҪʱ׼˵ĻҲδƳһѾǺܿˣ˵
ԭˣçײˣβӻ֮еŭ𣬼æǸ
֮ɣϷһĴ𸴵ģ
Ǿ鷳ǰˣЦЦ
͵Ŀ¹ʬһԲ߳ͷβû˵һ仰һһֺصĸо
ϣǸʿʲô·ȻҲȫʵ
ӣҪԼʵģʵﻹʲôӡҺúÿẉ̂Ҫһˣû˵ոձʬӵŭȫȫϣ
ȫ˵ͷİɳϣȫ»ûأ
ˣϷĹȣһ
ȫֻεЦЦʮһΪܸߵӣʿоʮʿΣ֮һ蹵ȫûпɱԣ
ǰ̸Σ߳Цеʵ
ãģʯٲġ˵˵ɽлЩõطʵ
ǰҪʲôʵ
ҩɣ
Ǿȥٲãٲڰٲŵĵ̣ĵҩƷҪǿϲ٣˵
ãǾȥٲã
ϲ̵ĴɽдֹģĴ˼궼ѵһΣһҪúðǰǰһȡǰĺöʹһʯ
Ȼ͵ϲȱٵҩǵҩֶû˻Ӷġ
ǰˣǰٲˣ˵
ţ͵˵ͷ
λҪʲôһ߽ٲþʵ
Լ˵
Źȥһյʱٲ֮оʮƿĵҩȻһЩľ˴Ĺȴ𾪣㷨ĻٲһҲƿ
ľľʲôΪʲôľҪʯ۲һʵһ㶼Ʒʯһƿڰٲ֮еľȴǰ˿Ʒʯһƿ
ǵһٲҩɣôʶԷҲû
ҵһٲã͵˵ͷ
ҰٲƾĲ϶ǾɸѡģûݲڣҰٲõĵҩҩЧϱһĵҩҪǿôһ㣬ȻĹһ㡣
ԭˡ͵˵ͷ
еػ֮񣿡΢΢һЦ
ʲô˵һ顣ʿһ㶡
ʣǷеػۣ֮ظ
ʿͷֻΪˣҪѧɣ
Ҳ˵ͷϾҪػֶ֮Ҳʵ벻ˡ
ػ֮껹мŵĴԵΪȡʿ˵
ػֻ֮ʿƵķ䣬ػӡڷ֮УȵҪʹõʱٽųΪƫͣûеػʿ˵ֵػ֮õѡ
뿴ҰٲǰƵĵػ֮ÿһŵػ֮зĵػֵ֧ʮεҩʿָ֮л˵
ʿһ;͸ܵĻ
ػ֮۸񼸺Σʵ
һöػ֮ƷʯʿЦ
ʯ;ȵĿɫĵػ֮ʯһ۸ƺ󣬵һһƷҲֻһٶƷʯػ֮սǵˣһŵػֻ֮ʮΣһλҪʮƷʯһǮҵ
ȫҪˣɨһеĵػ֮˵
ȫҪˣʿ֮еĶʮŵػ֮һʱûзӦ
ûǮˣɫһ
Ļءʮŵػ֮һǧٿƷʯһԸһۣǧٿƷʯʿЦ
ţӦҲ¯ɣʵ
Уʿæشµʿ¯ֶȴϡ⣬Լ۸Ӹ߲£ʹƷ¯ҪǧƷʯڰٲеǸ޼֮ٲֹģһĹҪ֮
̴¯ϵȵ̴ľƳɣⵤ¯ڲһ˵󷨣ڳѧ˵¯õѡ񣡡ʿָһɫĵ¯˵
һǳҪͭƳɣʮǳǲ˻𾧣ܽɵң
һʥϾ¯ͨϾƳɣҲ¯֮һǰ¯ڲϾʹͬϾƳɵĵ¯ȸȣƵҩʱƿػ򣡡
ҲǵһνӴ¯ֶ״Сͬĵ¯һʱҲ֪ѡĸá
̴¯һǧ˰ƷʯǳǧƷʯʥϾ¯ǧƷʯ
˻۸̲סһȻʯ˵ʲôһ¯Ҫǧʯֻ˵ֻҪҵϹϵʲôļ۸񶼲ͨ
Ҫһǳɣ΢΢̾˿
ϣǳǧƷʯػ֮ǧƷʯܼǧƷʯʿֺǺǵ˵ǧƷʯ⼸ǰüӪҵ˰
ͽóǧƷʯŵ˹̨֮Ϻ󣬾Ͱѵػ֮ǳװ˴֮СѾеȲҪһĸоˣҪѾһˣΪҪػʹͲòʱ֮Ȼһȼϣ
Ѿ˾䷽Ҫƾζҩ֮жֲ˲Σ٣Ͻ٣Ҷݣѹҩ֮ѾһƬ㹻ͻӻġ˿ҩ᲻ĵʮµػ֮ܳŶã
Ҫñʿ֪뷨Ļ޲һŸʿϡ٣ǲǸһõʦҩѳģǸôҩ޵ʹأ
ȴ˿ûһĹǣ൱һҩĿ⣡


49 
ɽ֮лʿ̸ɽϵĴֱʣеʿʿ̸۵ص㣬һ֮ʯı⼸Ժݶɷͥ
ҲڲԼµȷеˣȻûгʲôҲ쳣ܹԺҲôçײˡһƷʯ֮ͱ׼뿪С
뿪ԺͶݹһ·ռϣݱϡ٣ҪѰһصĵص㣬ƾϾҪҵʱ䣬һʱúϤһͶһεãֻǵְˣϾһźܸӵѧʣսӴҪҩǲܵ顣
һպһɽ
ȥܽɽˮޣ̣Ǿѵıչص㡣
¶֮ɫѲһȦһɽ
ɽһ͵¾֮ϣ˷ͨ뷲˸Ͳϡ
ͷųɽɽܿ죬һªĶͱ˳ʹӴóһ죬Ȼǧý⽣½һЩ޻ĵġ
ڵϸĶ֮ǰľġ⡷֮ǰҪػͲûϸĶѾȻҪúõĽⱾĶһ
֮ҪľҩƷʺͻĿƣҩƷʻΣʹҩݲһϾҲҩƲõĻٺõҩҲƲҩڳɵһɲǵĻΪҪҪʲôĻҲû˵ҪԼ
֮ϸĻζһȷûʲô֮һ
˲Σ٣Ͻ٣ҶݣѹҩҪҺ̬Ϳŵϵҩ૵ҪĻᷢЩҩȻһɫݵҩ
ʹӴ֮óʥϾ¯Ͼ¯濴ʥ޵ͼ
׻ȸ䣬һǲ
ȡĿƷʯʥ޵֮Уʥ޵ͼʯע֮¾Ȼ⣬ʥ޵жðһ⣬ĵ⾹ȻʥϾ¯
ȡ˵ػ֮˵ϣʯڵϰڳǵӣػ֮ʯӰ֮¾ȻʼȼһʼֻССĻ棬ǵػ֮ԽԽ
ͼʱˣһ
ǹâʢػ֮Ļ˲䱻ѹһٶȼաⱱǿƵػ֮󷨣
ͽһҵ˲ӽʥϽ¯֮Уʶŵػ𲻶Ͻ¯
ࣣϾ¯ڴ˹죬漴һɽζ
ʧˣ̾˿һλ¶ȿƵ̫ˣֱӽ˲θ˽̿һ˲ξôˣ
ʥϾ¯˲εķ֮һͶһ˲ΣûʥϾ¯ھʹ˽ζһ˲֮ǿҵ˸оʥϾ¯ڵ˲ʼתҺ̬Ͳɵ˿Ҳһ˲ʧ󣬵ػ¶ȱһ˲ͽʥϾ¯ڵ˲ճ˽̿
ͿźòײҺ˲Ҳ٣Ѿҵ˸оֻʱˣ
Ͳϱ仯ŵػǿȣʥϾ¯ڵ˲ȫҺֹ̬ͣ˵ػգóһƿ
𣡡ʥϾ¯ڵ˲Һɳ˵¯ȵ価ƿ֮Уƿĸ̲֮ס˲ͷĺˮȻʶʿ˳ʱʹҲеܲˣڽ˲ճҺ̬
һͻͽʱ䣡Ͳò̾һż
ҩᴿҪǴ˳ȥЩʦҪһͷײǽˣҩᴿȻĲ赫Ҳ൱ҪһûһǸղ˵ġ;Ȼֻˣʵе㺧ˣ
ϢһָԼĵʶ֮һͶҩᴿ֮С֮ǰᴿ˲εĻһ˺ܶ࣬ҲʧβŽᴿɹ
Ͻ٣ѹҶᴿ֮жԺõʧ˼ΣҲԽԽͽҩᴿʱѾȥʮҡ
Ūˣͳһһʮᴿҩɰ۵ĹǺ͵ʶûôǿĻſˣ
¶һ˿ЦݣȻʱһ΢ײ˶䡣
üͷһɫҲ֮ȥ
ɲɣƫƫʱţղȻ˴󷨡ͷųʶֻһԼʮߣ˶ڡ
ڴԲνڴԲǽ֮ߣԲʿʵǿʹʿҲʮʿǿ࣡
˵ΪɫԻֻҪϵĸ־ͺãڴʳҩ׵ᴿͬʿȣ͵ʵҪ߳һءټйʬĴڣʿҲһս
һ˼תһ仰˳ȥֹǱ˵Ķ಻ϲ˴ţذɣ
˴ǰĽƣЩɲԥһ£ԶǿͣѺαؾǧ֮⣬Եβҽȥ
ԷĻƺܿˣȴЦһǿΪ𣬲ҲãаħҲգɱǼҳ㷹ˡ
߱չأͨҪ˵ĵص㣬Ϊϰʱһţ߻ħİʿʮ߰˶û٣۸չ֮˲㶯֣ɱ֮䱦
һĻ̽ˣһȷԼڽҪͷͻ롭
͵ϣһԷȻ⣬ǾûбҪѴ࣬Ϊǿ꣬˿ֶ˽֮ϡԺ󣬵ãȴûشϲһ˿ϲɫԼײˣһλڱչصߡ
ΣԷĹǡõ˽Ҫͷж
ȻɱͷйʿСģԷڶǰһ󷨣ʵ϶ʮ߰ڵߡ
Ʋ⣬ûд̰ϲԷԽߣҲԽ񣬷жʲô
Ĵһǹģķ
ҪжɫȴȻ谵ǰ죬ȴֲָĻ֮ϣһ޴İԡ
þһݣ֪ԼѾ˶Էµ֮У֮£Ҳ־ɡ
Էǲܶôܴ߶󷨣ѵԼƴˣ
һת֮ɫһ֣ǸûжⰡ
ûж⣿
Ǽ֮ɫԼСӣԷĽֽͣһ˽
һʱĽǵصǧý⽣еĽȻʵֻܷԭһ룬Ҳ൱ˣ
ɫһ䣬һһķǰȻ޷


50 ɵ
ͷڹͷ˵ҪٵĶ࣬δѧѧ򡣹ͷȡͷǱԼ֮һĿȻ
ͿԷӵзͷŻ˾棬Ʋȥⲻ˵ӵзͷһԺ֮ǸĽݽߵǸʮһҲûһͷɼͷ̶ȡ
ȻзͷϵĶɲһ˼гһͼôԵģ
ƣһһڳǹһĶݺݵײ˰ԵĹĻϣ
䣡һһȻ㽫ǧý⽣ȥȻֻܷһ뵫ҲӦ˲ð
ոһҲùŵķȻޱȣƺܵʲô𺦲ܷȫʵƾԲʵҪȥѣ
¶֮ɫѣ޶⣡
ǻشĽ𽣣Щ𽣶ͳͳס
Ȼ˲ʶ̧پͱֹˣЦһԷٳٲϳֻǿֵȻѾ˽ҪͷȻ֮â£ʹԲʵֵҲЩѣǹȴܵ⣡
һ뵽ڲʿҹ̲ס촽ʿҰһƱһӶ÷ˣ
ֻҪټһᣬֻҪڼһᣡ˵ֻҪȵԷľʹʿҲԼ׸
žžϸ΢Ĵ촫Ͷ䣬ɫһ䣡ԭ͵ȫʩչ֮¾Ȼܲסˣǧý⽣
һϲԵĸо½ԷĵĲˣ
ƣ֮ǰʧĺâٴγ֣ҡҡ׹ǧý⽣âĺ³飬ʣµʮҲ֧ŲסɢһߣصĶҲ¶ıĿ
ЦĿڶеͣѣѵҪҡ
㣡ܣıǳһֻӬһ㣡ôҲŵסԼôõľȻֻһС
ͿŴھеĹЦһڿɷȥ
һһĨ֮ɫ漴֣ߣ°ɣԷʿܹóҲ֮ͨҿ϶Ҳ٣ȻˣͲֶܿأ
ֻһâ˲ɳûиͷӦʱ䣬ο׼ΪҲԶ㲻ĹϾԲʿʵһССܹġ
â쵫ǻ˱죬ںâҪ͵һɲһӰ͵ǰֻأһâȻ˳ȥ
⣡Է͵Ԥ֮УǵǰĹʬȻҲһǿסΣ⵹еˣҪ֪ۼ׹ʬǿľˣʹһƷҲ޷ֺʿһȻۼ׹ʬ
ľǹľǵâʲôܹ֮ԲʵһĹҪһâΪһâնɱʿ߲ΪնɱʮʿâԶһ㷨ǽĺâȻβľ
ǹϾҲԲĸ֣ܿ;ĿŵǰĹʬҪһԼȻ͸ǰۼ׹Ϊ
ʿͻȻĸ֣һ쵫һɺӽŵһʿ
ûκεԥŤͷܣ
ܣһ
ʬһ͵˹ǰ̵۾Ź·ڿԼһ㣡
磡âһγ֣һεĹȻۼ׹ʬӲۼ֮ӡʬǱâ˶
֡֡˽ľ֮¾Ȼ޷ɱۼ׹ù⣡ʱҲ˲ñĹʬæ뿪£
𣡡ʬ뿪Ĺŭ˼ۼ׹ʬȻҲһǲܷУһʿӹʬûκΰ취
Ĺʬû׷һ㶣ǿʬϲϵŭʱͻȻЦУΣ
ȻۻأڿвϵúâŹʬ֪е߶ûһ˿вֻҪǰۼ׹Сֵ
飡âĻڹʬϣʹۼ׹ʬǿҲеܲˣһεĹۼ׹ʬԲںһٴεĹۼ׹ʬۼҲܲסˣ
䣡âصĺ˹ʬؿڣ
ǣۼ׹ʬۼںâĺ֮¾Ȼˣ
㲻Ǻ𣡹Լں˹ʬۼЦ
ۣЦһɲһ˲䴩͸˹ؿڣ
⡭Ӧʱ䶼ûУ˲ͱ˽ɫ
ͨ˶Խ˹ȵף
ȻûгڵʶȴʼռŹȷԸʬ׼ϵĶҺĻһâĻܺʬ£ڵһιʱѾˣ
ùʬʬ֮ĴһԲʿҲɱ֮һλˣʹĽݼҵĽݽ֮ҲвࡣʯȻ֮࣬һɢ˵һ֣ɢ֮п˵൱
ʯڹĴ֮лдĵҩͷǾʮƿлشԪټĵҩĴ֮ͻһöȻѾ׼ͻһƿˣϧȴ͵ϣ
ǵâ𣿡ͿڹߵīɫС˵
ʵѾ˵СˣӦó֮ΪɵǡֻʳָСʵǺɵۼ׹ʬۼ״ģ
ֻۣīɫɵ΢עһ˿ˣīɫɵȻֱӴ͸˶ǽڷ˳ȥҪʶǿ˲ʶɵ˻ɵ֪ɵȥˣ
ɵͿеīɫЦЦһ
ǣڷɵĵͿӬͷС֡
ǵüͷ
ɵ̫ĹŹ֣ǧѩҪǿϺܶ࣬ǼѿƣǸȻûзӳɵȻƾɵһ¾ܶʬۼף
Ʒ΢΢̾˿ҲֻƷŻܣƷ붼ˣƷҲôȫһЩУҲһԲʿӵһƷ


51 촫Ѷ
Ʒʿ˵ǿĴڣȻϸɾͲΪһƷ۶ƴһˡ
Ĵ֮вдʯ͵ҩдĹ򣬺һʿôôĹЩȫڱɱʿ
΢΢̾˿ǽҩᴿͺķʮʱ䣬µҲֻʣʱˣҪ֮Ƶҩǲܵ顣ε̾˿֮ͻص˶֮УԵˮοĵ˵ͷ
ˣǩԼ˲͸ܵ͵Ĵڡ
ʱûгʲô쳣ɣ
һˣ˵
ţͺãҪԵˮѹͺ˵һ֮Ǻú˵
ǣˣ
Ϳ˿ӴóʮƿһƿشһƿԪ㣺Щҩţú°빦
ллˣһ˿ΪūǲҪģԵˮÿ춼ŵҩ˵ĽǼٵģҲ֪ԼݣԼֻһū澣ûʸӵеҩ
ˣҲúɣ뿪˶
ΪͷԼԵˮһʱԽԽˣ֮ĽҲԽԽ١һ˻ͬ·ˣһ뵽;ʹһս֮У֮·עǹ¶ģֻ͵סį·ԽԽԶڵõǿͬʱ֮Ҳʧȥ˺ܶ࣬ΨһľǾץסЩʧȥĶ
ӦøԵˮһùˣ΢΢̾˿ԵˮԼߵĻ»ǴΣա
Ͷݹһ·򱱣һʱ䵽ɽУµҲֻʣһˡ
ˣͻȻһֱڴ֮еĴʯһ죡
ɫһ䣺ˣ
ʯó֮һ㶣漴Ժ֮гһѱϣ
εҡҡͷҪģԼھǸǮʱˣ
ʱ֮˷꣬ͬʱķŽգлһ͡
ˣЦ
ЦЦֵΪоĳǸո˾ͱַˣ
ͻȻ򿪣ԥһµǻ˽ȥ
ѹȻԶ֮ˣ԰׵¶һ˿Цݡ
ЦЦǷԸ֪⼸λǺˣָŷڵʿʵ
⵹ĳʧˣЦЦ
λǻԪһڵĳ̩ɣԲΪָһɷǵ˵
λħԲΪָһ˵
λɽׯУԲΪָһĿ׳ʿ˵
ٳǻϲڵ͹ȷ磬յʮһΪȵʮΪ
һ㶣ԼΪȻǼ֮͵ģ֮оȻԲĴڣټһ͸죬ͻȻһֲĸо
ߣСҲǰһԲѹ˲ѹͣ
һȻԼʶʿΪȻһʿԲʿʩѹе㴭ҲǴˣԲʿѹӲǳ
Ԫһڵ̩ɺɽׯ϶¶˲˼ɫΪסԲѹʵǾףҲ¶һ˿ݣԲΪȻòһС´˳ȥͱˣ
ڳʿΨһûоȵľˣһ˿֮ɫȻ͵ı⡣
Сӣʦ˭ݺݵĿֵܹ͡Լѹ϶ܹ˵ָ㣬ҲֻʿȻĺĿһе֮͵ıʿĻôʹҲҪúõˡ
йϵ𣿡һһΧѹȻǰֺ
Сŭ
Ȼڷ֮в֣ܶԼѹͿ԰СڵļƺҲûֹ˼
䣡һ˲ѹǿǵصѹͣ
;ԼԵľ׾һ㣬ֻýԼ޴ѹ±ܵӴѹ֮󣬷ڵļʿҲ¶һ˿ɵΪʵǺˣ°ֻŶˡ
Ȼѹ͵ȴѹֻСڵȼֱǲһ׵¶ܼ˵ѹˣ
ĵֵѹĵ˵ͷѿ˰ɣ˵һʿܱ⣡
õĲ˵һܸи̨£ҲԹޡ
ȿȿȣΪȻĳһ˵
ЦǱȴһҪǰĻСҲͱˣ
һֱһߵǿϡ䱦һĶͣȵĿƺҪڻһ㣡ͼƤһأ
Ѻۻĵӣ˿弸Ҫҵˣ
ֳ棬æܿҪܿﵫȴŹͣ͹µת֮Ϳ͵ϣ
һεؿŹȷ磬˭֪Ǹȷ羹ȻԴӶ·ϵĲĵһ㣡
ϲڣԷ򸾵ĽϲɵһĨЦ
յѣأһת
Ӵ벻ѻһ˾أ￴һε̲סЦ
üͷյѣȻ㻶ϲڵ·ţٲ֪ܵĿĻͱĳˣ
ҪͨŮӱô˵ĻһŭȴΪ⣺Ȼ֪ǻϲڵģѵ֪һϲڴڹݵһ𣿵ػ֮ͯźѣ
һյѣ˵Ļͱĳˣ
յѣΪֹɣǻҪ̸أһ
췢ֻ÷һ˫۾ʼնͣ
СӣԪ֮˷治֪ģߺߣֻҪԪ֮ҾͻǰƿЦ
ԭﶢ;ΪǷԪ֮һ¾Ϳ֮ͯΪ¯ʲˣԵĹȷǲмһֻɫڻϲ֮һץһѣҪȷ繻ʲô鶼ԸĻͰɱ¯ˣ


52 Ʒ
֮ߵݹԼٶȷ֮ߵݹĿĵյ֮һߣյؾ룬ߣ֣֮նֻڵɼյصճ̶ȡ
һǱټļˣҲȻڡһεĿĵؾȻյеߵʱ̲סһսֵĿֲѾ̹ˣǹʬĴڿѾΪ޵ĸвˡһξȻҪȥߣǿʿԸ̤ĵط
ȴ˿壬һŷļ۸ͣͬ¾ɽ⹥ԵķķǷ͵ģ˵ֻҪһô˷ټʥ֮ټķ˲ǿʹʿȫһҲ޷ƣ
һöļֵͺҲû뵽쾹ȻóһöķΪ֮ͻǴӦʣ˶û飬Ҳ㹻ı꣬ȻЩҲðΣȥˣ
ʱø׼Ȼص˶֮Уе齻һ֮ŻصɽСȻԵˮʹкǵǲǶûֹͣǺһ޷ıġ
صɽ֮ͱʹ֮ݣҰѹʬٻ˳ҡڵ߽ɽ
ȫһͽǰ漰ʱǰҪķѾƳɹˣ
ʬޱ۾һȫ
΢΢һЦǰأһôûмǰ
ʦи֮ʦͱչˣȫ˵
ԭҪϲǰˣ΢΢һЦ
ɣѾȫˣȫ˵
ҲãͿŹʬ˺ãʱõѾ˰˸ľУȻľнյȻܹоľ֮еƷתÿҲ֪˸ľ֮еķǷƷ
ȫ˫۳ȵĿ˸ľУе̰һʹΪڵĵҲûмôķѷһ𰡣иƷҪǴ˳ȥĻת֮ͻᱻ̤ƽƷʿҪۺĶ
ȫһеһľд򿪣һԳһ۾ϳĳȻ˵ķзˡ
ĳƶɣи˲ټƷϣʹԳеٶһ̨ף˫м仹Ƕ󽵵˶ĸǽٶȷӵ˼¡ȻƷٶֱ׷Ʒзʵǲɶõļȫ˫еĳȾþû֮ȥ
ĵ˵ͷ˾֪Ĳˡ
ױ׻ۼƳɵı׶ܣʦһǺɳʹƵĲʸΪӲױ׻һƴ˻ԣʹʿҲһ¾ͽ١ȫ˿ĭ˵
ͷͷ෨бȽټķеľƷʹڵĵҲδܹӵַ
ĵ˵ͷļأ
÷׻Ƴɵĩֻۣ֮ҪעоܲһСĻһƷʹʮϵʿС֮ҲһΨһȱƷһֻʹʮҡȫ˵
ЦЦ޷׻鶼Ƴ˾˵ķǰʵǲ򵥡
ȫЦЦѽļı
ɻƷ򵥵ĸ͵ʯ
ƷȷͼĿȫ
Ȼ棬ɻ˵ʦƷ֮һˡ׻ǶޣȻټʦ岻ƳɱĽһЩϡͶУɻΪƷҲ֮СɻŵҲ˵ˣƷзһǵһμҪ˵Ҳʵ˵ȫЦ
һ漴ҲЦ룬밡
ǾĸƷһ߰ѣһĸӽ׷Ͳһ׷ټ׻ܽ׵֮֮ȻͼĴһ˿׵֮ʦǽ֮е׵֮ȡ߰˽УȻֻǺٵһ˿Ѿ㹻ˣ
׸Ʒ÷׻ĽƳɣ̺׵֮Ե֮Ч
չܣƷôԳӲĺƳɣڱ׶֮ϣ
նɵƷôԳצƳɣ͸ǿ
һƷ֮ȫƱ֮˶ÿڸڽܼƷʱˣԭܵĸϸһЩǿǵƷܲģֻһЩĽܣ
ƷƷ⼸֮иǰ˹Էͷͷ෨׽ͷȱľԴǧѩ뱻綾ܻ֮оûгֵķˣһƵķǳԤϣܵ˵Ͷż൱⡣
ʯʵ
λǰô෨ҲǰһЩŻݣʹ۰ɣһǧƷʯȫЦ
ǧƷʯԣֱӳһװʯ
ȫһ㶣ǵһμ˸Ǯôˬģ۶ûл
ȵȫӦʱѾŹʬ뿪
ʱӿŶڲֿеĲϼҪĻ϶һͷ޵ʬ徹Ȼֻһ㣬󲿷־ȻɵӿһĻҲ֪Լˣ
ʦܣû뵽㾹ȻƯһüĿ߿ͷ޵ʬЦ
΢΢һЦҲȷǾľƷˣȲ˵һ׸չܾͺķʦֵܴѪˣ˵ǾĸͰնɷɵˣǶԷɻһǾƷеľƷҲ㰴ͲסռΪУ
ǰԷһʿĻҲĽռΪˣ΢΢̾˿ȻǶԼƳķޱȵĶǿǵһʿĺǻǷ뷨Ҳһ򣬽ʣµ޵ʬȫЩ޵ʬҲƳƷˡȻϻѷ͵ǼǾҪһķǿϰٱ
õڿջһ֮͸ߣ⼸͹ʬ̣ûйʬĴڵĻҲԸ뵽Ϊȥϵˣ


53 
һ˵Ķݹٶȼ죬ķΪ־ȻһһĶٶȴףʹħֵٶҲȲ
λѣħߵشҶѾ˵ħ֮λҵָӣ³֮ĳӦλĶһ˫ַϣ˵
ȻȻֻҪŵԣĳһӣ
ĳҲˣ
ԵΪճյЦһһ֮䶼żȻ󣬵ڳĶΪ֮ϲȻݵǼС
ĳйЦ
΢΢̾˿֮֮£ĳ
ĵ˵ͷϾҪħˣħΧԲﶼǹ£һЩעֹս֮УΪٸҲ߶Խħ֮ǰǶϢòҪЩҪ֮֮һЩټͬΣˣ
˵ͷҵãҵԼЦЩ˲Ϣ֮ǵĺȣ
ƲһۣеĳȻ͡
ЦЦǰģȻŵϢּ»һ㣡
ߣãһ
ˣλԼϢͺȵ
˿ŽµһȻ⣬ʿûв֪ģǸҽߵʿ֮٣һμ߼ʹԲʿҲβеľ
ԲﾹȻһţȫȫţ
һ󺮷紵͵˲ɵĴһ
˵ϢΨǵĹ
ҲתϢԼϢȫЩʿԼϢϢҪ̫ˣϢܻϢ¶ȴȫȫԼϢΪȼͷֲ͵Ĵڣ
ҲǾɵĿͣ;վǵǰȴ˿ܲ͵Ϣ·һ㣡
ϵ֮ɫһ߳ȥ֮һҪСץסС֮࣬˸ϢַĶźһ뷨ҲǴڡ̩ɺеĳȾ˵⡣
ֻ΢漴ĮģλѣѾߵķΧ˻仰ӦĳҪλѲҪɵ£Ȼ˺
Ϳż˵ɫЦһ⼸Щʲôͺȴ˿壬Щ˵ߵҲԲΪͲǹʬĶ֣Ψһɵľˡ
ͿʿʶȻΪ첻ϢϢķĻôһʿ
أأȻո̤ߵķΧԩĺ֮
ľԩ꣬ȻǵΪߣÿγǳɰǧԲʿҲֲ˺á͵
֮гԩ껹бĹڣʵ
Ȼгԩ꣬дãЩҲ֪γɣջЩõԽԽ࣬㲻ԩҲԶˣ˵һЩǣǻ۲࣬ʵʿ쵭˵
Ȼ˵ķƵ·һ΢С£͵˻̲סһʿĴڰһƶܽĴڰ
λҲصģֻǴ԰ˣĳ߶ҲûֲֿĴڣ͵
ô˵˿漴ȵĿ죬յȻ˶Σѵ˷ˣ
ԩ꣬ã൫ȴΪ壬֮ҪǹʬЩʬʿԹɢйµĸʴɾ͵һֲֿĹЩʬǹ룬ֲЩʬжٶȼ죬вᱻɣ֣ص˵
ʶĿ˿Լеᦣ˵ĹʬӦþǹʬˡҲû뵽֮оȻҲֹĴڣʬĿֲͿᣬƲȥܷأʿʬҲֲ˺ô
ѣеҪѰҺüͷ壡
λڰٹڵ𣡡쵭˵
𣡡ɫһ䣡
ĹҪõڳĵҪ˳ĳҲǿЦ
˵ʲôҵԶ֮ˣһ⣡Ц
Цһ˵ĺмˣ̰ͼĲŵıˣʲôĶܹԲʿͲ֪ˡ
֮˳ȥһ·͵˲ԩãڸ˶ϢЩҲ޷ˣȻ߷ǳϤתתȥûͷתÿһζܹ˴Ⱥԩãʱһǲ԰׵ϸһ˿Ѫɫˣ
λĳֻܵˣͿλģ촭˿˵
˵ͷĳɣ
ߵ˶ǰųʶ۲ΧڷųʶһɲͲ쳣ԭԷųɵʶȻѹʮɣ
һĳţʶҲֻܷųʮɣ
һ㶣Ϊߵģֻܷų˷׷׷ųԼʶ漴ɫ䣡
̩ɵʶҲֻܷųʮң΢õ㣬ܹųʮɣ͹ȷֻܷųʮңѾߵжΣֻ֮ܿڰˣʶܵƿԺ·ˣ
ɫҲ΢΢һ䣬ʶȻûǱѹƵôҲֻܷųң
λ·ΣյģԽʶ޵ľԽϹļʾԽߣλս׼ɣһҪ֮ɱ֮˵
˵ͷóһԲװķ̩óһķеķȽټȻһ澵ӣһֵ׳һ澵ôô졣͹ȷķͨ࣬һ˿һѷ
ƲƲ󱳣ʵһʼͽɻ˱ϺԼΪһ塣ֺ岢ϵĺ壬ֻǷɻһˣֻǽɻСԼ·һ𣬴濴Ϳ
Ϊ˱ֻó˴֮еĻƽȻ֮ǾĸƷȴóһЩ֪ԼӵƷĻ¾ǲݵľˣƥﻳ


54 
Խ߹ԽŨܣϹļҲǴӡ
кüһ˶ĹﲢǺܶ࣬ʮֻԩ޷ǲκεвһɲЩԩͻɢˡ
һÿһʱҪһˣʹ˵ԲʿʶҲס˵ġ
ʶټϴĹ͵нٶȸǴۿۣʱҲֻǰ˶ʮˣ
ѣȥɲǰ취˵
΢΢һЦλҲסѲĳڱȥ
ƳһŨܵĹεҡҡͷƴ֮ǲǿȥĻ½ᱻ޾ĹΧˣ
أŨһ˴˹ĺ
ɫһ䣺λѿӿٶȣ
Ȼ첻һǺ﷢Ǻ֮ȴ̺޷ܹܵѹסֻʿȻδ֪ſʿ
˵ڳļʿһɫһ䣬ƴǰƽ
˼Ŀ˿ոյĺ˲ˣȻ͹ʬƣеĽʬˡ
أأڼӿٶȣһ֧һЩԩãսĴԵ
ͣеԲһ˲ֳɾŸСǰľŸ˷ĩ
̩ɵҲǴ̩ͨеķȻһƷת֮ʮԩһѷ»ɢ
еľ״Ҳǲһһֻըɷĩ
Ϳ⼸λʿͨ۾Բʿ־ǲͬ죬ٹת֮ĸɸɾ
أĽҲԽԽˣ
ۣһֻͻȻ̴˹ȷţ
žȷ嶼ըѿ
ȷг˾ҲҲ֪ʲô飡
ȷͻȻʣµһڳĶԲĸ֣ԷȻܹϢĽӽǽȷɱ
ص룬Ҳδܹ㿪ոյһ
ѣ⵽Ǻ¶ɱĿ졣콫Ǵ֮أ
Ӧĳ֮ǰᵽĹʬˣЦһ˵
ͻȻͷһݣ˲䵲ԼֻһɾоֵĻԼ¾ͱһˣ
һ˿ϵĶֻ̨âʢΧĹ˼ɣ
䣡̨ݺݵ˹ʬϣ
أһγªĹʬ˲䱻
ɱŭһеľ˲һ
ͣɵԲޱȣһоͽʬͷ­
ֻڵĹʬˡƳʬʬһ֮ȤȻոǺʬģ
ǿ˵ȹǿֲµĿ˿ڵϵĹʬ
˵ز˾ǰ
ȷûиǴκεӰ죬ʹҲ飬·ȷ޹һ㡣
˭Ҳûзڹ֮г˿˿Ͻȷʬ֮Уȷһ˿֮¾ȻʼãǸãĳֱ죡
ȷʬںĸʴֻ֮ʣһ߹Ǻȷȫʧ֮ʱǺۿ֮оȻһɫĻ棡
Ȼ˵㣬Ҳܽˣ⺡ǾȻԣˣ⺡ǾȻվ
ǿ˿͵ȥķۿеĻһһģЩСĿӦе
ֻһץͽҪһͷʬ˷ĩ
ڵĹʬʹ֮ҲҪСӦԣ⺡ǵȴ˵Ĳһ
ˣʹ֮еͻȻһ¶·ܵʲôΣյĴһ㣡
üͷᦻǵһγʵǿʬ˼ɵͿʼԼһ˻Ǵˣ
֮ԸҴӦ߾ΪйʬĴڣƾʬǿԼԱǴдʹ͵е㶯ҡˡ
ոյսѾܹע⣬ǵѹԽԽԩ꺷ηĳ˶飬ȻԲʿţ˭֪ȥǳᱻ޾Ĺû
ѣȥǶһߴһߺ
¶һ˿Цֻǰˣ
;Ȼ֮дҡڵ˳ȥЩﾹȻ޶ãȫĹˣ
죡޲ýʬΣ
ߣҲǴսħ֣ϷΧӴܣӳȥһͱɣ
̩Ҳȫ
쿴⼸˷Ӵ̲ס¶һ˿Ц⡣
ѣһнѿõĸͿ쵭˵
ҲȻһʼ֪ĳ뷨ƲƲ˵
Ǹ߹ĳˣĳɰˣ΢΢һЦ
Щǵĵƣ֮ЩֲĴڶȥˣ쵭˵
;Լ쬵ģܱΪֲĴھڵĴڣ˵ԭȻһĻôһ㶼ûˣ
ѣǼɣһ·ܽˣ³֮¾ʳԣЦ
ѼȻܽΪ̤ʯĳҲ⣡öĳҲҪˣʹ˱һǻҸߵĻǵӳˣ
ʵһʼαװĶܺãǴǽ߻ǻܹʬαװ޷죬ʱʱĻڹ֮д뼸ÿһ귨֮͵Ķ鶼Ϯ
ĺأʶ޵¼ʹҲ޷СһжͿС
ƺҲ֪֪һУûбֳʲô쳣
һʼʹЩԲʿΪ֮ЩֲĴ֮Ͷ̲סһ
쿴ȥıӰЦЦ㻹ǻģ
Ҳѹôţ֮Ѿը˹ԩڷԲ֮ڻ֮еЩֲĴڶѾҪ뿪ǳ˵Σֻǰߵ·ϹٵģЩﶼѾΧһ޴İΧȦֻҪײȥ޻أ
ܹ֮֮ȥΪĹʹϢ޽ӽЩҲֻƭͼĹˣһڵĹͻʶαװҲҪ˵ԭ
ͣҪæǿʶȡ֮ʱźܹؼá
Ȼ;ܾĺţͱض


55 ڻ
ͣһâͷԩɢ̲֮ס˲ͷ亹
ƾԼǿʶڹ֮㲻ȥ磬Ҳǰš͵ʶԷųңǼʹ˻޷һЩӴ
ɶ죬ľȻ˶񶾣Ѿ׳ˡ
ǧǻĵȻն񣬵ǼʹٽҲһĲˣļôܱȵϼ޻֮
ѾĵھŲˣвԩ껹дãΪԶͬʿĻЩˡ
ʰһ֮ʶɨһȷû֮Ϣ·
أ͸ո̤ͱһסˣ
ڵĹʬɫһǺ;Ͷ϶ʬʵضڣҲֻڹʬĺ˴ѹ
ۣߵһħʱȴǱʱﻹиոǸֺӣȫ¾Ȼ˿ڡ
һźʼնһźǿ˹һŵµּӴ˼֡
˻˻֮˼ֳ
һ˿֮ɫеľ˳ƶƷʱâʢ
أһΪţֱײ˺еļ֡
ļھ֮·׷߽⣬֮Ҳһ˿𶯡
ϾԲĸ֣еľƷڵĹǲеǺôҲֵܵһᡣƺҲˣ֮ģô
̩ͬɺϣʱ̩еɽһһȫӨãƾ̩ɽϵԼϡ̩ɵĹûжκε˺
õеĻʱ˸ƺڳЦ̩ɵĲ
дʱҲһֻкһһͷڵĹʬʬͭƤǣһ֮£еĹʬס߲һͷǣŹʬĻͱʬɵˡ
;ĿΧʱӺðĹʬеķҲǾĸ
ͽǾĸеĸȴӽҲӦһʹ档
𣡡ʶһͷʬѾʶļⷶΧ
ȻһͷڵĹʬ΢΢̾˿ȻѾϵ֤ʵһɲͻ̲סΪԼһѺ
ۣеĸ΢΢һӽ˲һһԲȦӽһ˲Ͳ˹ʬߵ֮У
䣡ʹһ
ֻĸ֮ϾȻ΢Ϲ⣬ĸӦӽ֮ϾȻҲ΢Ϲ⣡
䣡ӽϿճһصķ
䣡ϾȻðһףȻܺȣ׵֮ͿЩ
ʬ¶һ˿漴˫һ
أ֮ϴһ޴ʬİ嶼˵棡
û뵽Լһܲ˴ƣȻһûشʬȴͼʶ׷
ڲɣȻ׻צӺƳ˾˵ķ˵Ƿ˵󷨣ӽ൱죬ĸ൱ۡ
һ׷ҪԶԶڵΪһоסڵĹʬһ׷˾Ųã
𣡡屻ҽĹʬŭһΧؾȻѣ
أʬһԾһȭͣ
أһҰ׵ĹǶܵס˹ʬһȭҲΪʬȭϾ޴ɣ
ǿķȻס˹ʬһȭɵͲŭϲչܵķֱ̫ˣƷĻ¾ܽһȭҲҪķ飬չȴһ˿˺۶ûУ
ӽϼ׵֮ϵĺŹʬ壬Ȼӽ޷ƹʬķӽЯ׵֮ȴùʬɵѣ
̾˿ƷȻҪɱǰһͷʬǶ÷ûпܣ
ʬеһҡۼ׹ʬ˲仯ΪһӰʬ֮Զ
أɵĹʬŭţۼ׹ʬһȭѾʬؿڴ򴩣
ͨĹʬôۼ׹ʬĶ֣ڹ֮ۼ׹ʬжûܵ˿ƣһս˵Űɱۼ׹ʬĽǰһͷʬͷ­š֮󽫹ʬĹȡ͵ǰ
ͿŹʬ˵ͷ͹ˣ
ʬһһڽеĹ˽ȥ¹ۼ׹ʬ͵ؿʼ֮еһ˰ʱʬϵۼҲһȻһ˿Ĺ
ȥȻᷢ𡱵죬ʬÿһöƺͻᷢ䣬һ֮ǸʬĹ֮õ˶ҺһεĹӦùʬۼǿ˲١
ʬԽǿ;ԽˣڹʬѾΪǿ
ԺͽޣͿŹʬ˵
Ͳ޾Ȼ˵ͷһö֮޵ƺҲһ㣬Ҳ֪Ǻǻ
ޣҳȥͿ˵
ΪɵĿ˿ǰƺǰʲôвһ㣡
һ㶣ǰΣգ
޵˵㡣
һ޶ΪΣյĵطôΣˣͿɲԼȥģ
һȫ·ҳȥ˵
Ĵ˿ԥ֮ѡһ·󲽿˳ȥǽĸ޵
أ
أ
أ
·ϳֵĹﶼһȭ
Ǹ޵ȴòԾƺߣߣ
͵ʶĴ֮ȷˣ
֮ȷķλһ
ѣҾ֪һģ쿴վǱ΢΢Ц
пЦһطԭҲֻԼҸȫĵطû뵽޾Ȼˣ
ıԤе죬ѵʵʵǿ·̾Ȼֻʱˣ쿴Ц
ͷ˷ۣѴʱҲ˵Щ׻ˣͬһϵƣһЩ﷢ҵĴڣұض֮أ
ģֻҪѳҺĳضȫЦ
ϣˣƳһۡ
Ȼô˵ȴһ㶼ԡܹ˵ն˵ĺûнԼնΪԼôһԼûˣԼ³ǻҪң


56 
Ŷڲðĺ̲סüͷ֮;Ȼһ˿Σգ
쿴һۣҲˣеĹŨ̶Ȳɱȣʹ߽һСҲʧǣΪʬ⣡
Ŀ˿죺һн֮ˣ
ҡҡͷĳǹޣЩȻڻ£ĳ棬ѾͲͬˣһ־ʹˣ
ЦһѾͱȦˣʲôֱ˵ɡ
Ϊ͵ĿͣĳˣʵֻҪĳһ䣬ЩȻ޷˺ˡ
üͷ壬Լ϶ֽǽԼȫУִͲŲɡ
бİ취𣿡ʵƺϵͻô˵ȻЩȻµֵֻްֻһĻܴ󡭡
͵˵ͷȻˣôͽȥɣ
һΧһ㱡ĹֽЩȫ档
ֻ˵ָЩĵȷܴ󣬺͵Ҫһʿǻܼ
ѣȻ󲿷ֹﶼ뿪ߣѱһЩǧ򲻿ɴ⡣ѵ
һȻ͵˵ͷ
ʶչ֮͵ʶܷų֮Զǽ֮ȴѹƵʮҡ
Ҳ˵еĹȫȥ׷ɱˣ˰ʱǾȻûһֻ
ѣڵػжԶüͷ
һʱ·̡˵
һʱЩ뿪ĹǶҪˣһ㶡
ЦЦѷģЩ뻹ʱŻĳѡնɶѵõļƷʹڵĹҪʰҲҪһֽš
̸Ц;˵ʹĵðһ
ŶвĹе̨˳һף̨֮ðһĹ˵صף
֨ӵص״ëȻ漴ǵĹ㷵̨֮УĹ֮ȴһ˿װ׵Ķ
̨Ҳ򵥣Ǻ֮ǰİٻƣĬĬĿһС
ǰ׹̨˲صУ쿴ЦЦС׳ˣ
͵˵ͷȻ͸ոҲǹĴڣҲǿ쾹ȻҲܷǹĴڣֻ˵ʶ֮£ǿ
𣡡ͻȻһŭĺ
ǡɻĿ졣
ǵĿĵأ̶ˣǾסһߣ˵ӵѪѪѹߵĹʹЩﲻԽ׳ذ벽ȻʵͱЩʬˣЦ
ʵΣ
һƷ۷ɣֻһƤˣ˵
Ҫѵں̶֮Уʵ
ػ֮ҵȱɱ߲ȡĳţȻߵҪɱ⿿һ˻첻һξҪѶˣЦ
͵˵ͷȽıҰɡ
˵ͷҲգҲԶ֮ˣպã
Ӵóһöͣ
˵ķͿеʵ
һʹñټʥ֮ټʹʿҲƣ˵ͷ
ͽս˴֮УҪȥ
ҵʶע֮Уתֹ֮ͣǳ֮нնɱ֮Ѹ뿪һ֮ʶֻ󷨰ʱң˺Ӧһʱ˵
͵ڲ֪쵽ҪԼʲôһʼǿǿʶ
͵˵ͷһʱ֮ûնɱһߵĻǻΣ
ں̶֮У󷨣޷˵
ѵͲڲ󷨵ת𣿡ʵ
УƵĺֻⲿֹͣ󷨽̶ΪľǱ𡣡ҡҡͷôͿʼɣһָʾԼʶ֮У
ࣣͺǿʶĹעº̶ΧתٶȽͣΧĹҲԽԽϡ
ͲĿΧû뵽ǿֲĹȻģǲ֮˵Ϊ׵˺ֵز
ˣһ˿
𣡡ȫֹͣһɲĴ߶ˣĿǴ̶ͺ죡
ôߣٸһЩʱͿƤˣһе̨˲Ŵ󣬺ݺݵ˴ߵͷϣ
̨еĴһ٣˲Ѿһŷ䣺
˵Ŵעǫ̈̄ʱһ֣ǷͻΪһ⡣ǰʱͻȻһΪϸĽ˿ʱ佫ĽʵʵҲ޷ֺһĿ
Ʒ˿ֻסһʱ̣ѻֻɱ
ƷǷ񣡡΢΢һЦ
Ʒ൱ʿһˣû뵽оȻֺöʹѪĴ߱ƷסҲѲˡʱ̨ͣĺŴߣҵĺ֮´߾Ȼģϵŭţò̾ѪĲ
óǾĸӽ˴ߵΧ漴һײϵĺڴߵ֮ϣ֮ΪͣʹǴҲ޷⣡
쿴͵Ǿĸʱһ˿Ϊʹ޵ϵݸû˵ʿڣû뵽һλʿϾȻӵвٿ׵ķ
أ̨һƬ飡
໣ҵʹô߲ϵŤ屻˿ס
žһ׻˴Ƭĵط׵˲뵽˴ߵ֮У
໣߾ҵ˼֮Ĵͷ­
쿴ŽƣĴ˿Ŵıĳȣ
Ǹ֮У
ͿŵµĴһⳡսƼ򵥣̨˴ߵƬĻҲ𲻵κεô
ţʲôͿˮ̶֮оȻƯһɫĶ
Сģʹһչ˲䵲ǰ
𣡡ԭΪȥĴ߾Ȼһβݺݵĳ˽չ֮ϣ˶߾޴ɣɽ֮У
߻ˣһ
ŴߣŶīͷϵǸһһ׵ģīԿǶޣڵĴڰ


57 սī
ʱͷѻȻһ¡̬ԭྶͥ
ںڵѩۣǳɣһȦ࣬˵صطֻ˵İ̺ۣᵭ˼
˳ԾǣϾ˴ںڼǣй͸ӸҲһ԰ɫצӣޱȡ޾Ϊԣ̬ʹ˵еһģһˡ
쾪ֵĿһͷɹʱѾȡδͷīԵĿˣ
޵ʵͿʿټһͷī츳Ѫɹ֮ʵ¶ȵڵĴˡ
𣡡īĶͺˣ˲Ҫ
ۣīԴһţ˴ɫҺ
ɫһ䣬һ˲䵲Լǰ
̣ɫҺĸʴĶƽ֧һϢʱˣ漴ĶҺû
;Ŀͷīԣ޵ʵһչ¶ţǿҲֻǼһϢʱͻΪҽ
𣡡ī˫ͨĿͣɫĶҺԴԴϵ˳
춼ɥɫҺ֮£Ϳ˿ҵһ˼չܶʱâʢһ˲䵲סīԵɫҺ
ǵīԵɫҺӴһɲɫ䣬ⶾҺĸʴǿףʹϵĶҺҲҪѷһչܲƷĻ͵³ö٣
ޣʹһ
ֻһɫӰ˲īԣ
أһīɵ˲䱻ɣײұ֮ϣ
̲סһ
飡һ죬һ̨ϺīԵͷ­
죡;ȵĿŴӺ̶Ӱ
벻߻̣ĳС㣡쿴ŵǰ˵
Ϳû²ɵ˿һ˾Ͷһ֣ʹҲұ֤ܹԸǰһͷīԣȻϵĶѾˣǰһͷīԵʵ֮ǰĶ޼ֱͬն
ͻǵһμеȴ˵ޣ
𣡡īԿ޷ŭţһȭȻûжīκε𺦣
ɱ˵
𣡡һ˻ΪһӰīԲһ
ڰ߿޺īԵս̲סüͷ޵ʵȫԭΪһȭīԿ͵Ϯڿ޵ʵƺͽ׳ɹīеһƴ߾ȻĲ£
ѣʱɱͷīԿҶڣ˵
쿴͵˵ͷīѳɣѪʵԶܱͨ⣬Ҫɱͷīǧѣ
ѵʱĵҲóɣֻ֮ˣƳһۡ
ǿ£ȻĳҲܲ׾ˣջǶ̨
ֻ̨ϴ˼ԭ£̨Ȼڴʱˣ̨Ļ꽥չҲסˣ
̨ȫŵһɲһ𣬽Ѩˣ
쿴̨ĵĽ΢΢̾˿һƷڣֻҪ䱬޴㲻ܻɱͷīҲܽ
ƷͿһ̨һ㶡
û˵Ҳݳ֪֮ƷҲǽҵõһƷ磬ʮųɾ̨ƺ֮ǰһЩĸ̨·ǸԼĺһ㡣
ͲĿƷ˵͵֪ƷȻֻһʲôֵܹīԵĶҺܽīԵƬľȻֻһԭȻΪ̨Ʒأ
͵˵ͷӴͳ¾ɽõķ¾ɽɱ޲ڻ£
쾪ɵĿֶͣԼܹóһöͷѾܿɹˣ;Ȼóһ͵ķ¹͵ķҪȷ͵ķмֵĶ࣡
ɹ龪ɣϾͨˣһ˲ͻָбʤİˣƷټѵķ¾ɽͷīԾ
أ
أ
촫޺īԸԱԷУӰ˲˿
īԾĿޣһɫҺǵصĵһ˲Ҫû
ҲʾһţīɫĶӭ˶ϣ
ۣīɫĶɫĶҺ˲ײһ
ͣĴɽĶҺΧɽڶʴһ󶴣
Ҳſ˽չܵķЩҺǳף̨һ˶̨֮У¸ոҲŶĶҺ
޺īԵĶҺƴͺľս˾ҵĶԿͨʿմ֮ʿմҲҪ˰
ĶҺײڽչܵķʹ÷һζ
ޣսپʹ
䣡Һ˲䱬еĶҺĴɢҪɽ򴩣
𣡡޺ηץסīԵĲӣīԵĴҧס޵ļ޿ƼӲۼīԷ֮¾Ȼһѣ
ڣһ˿⣬ƷѾУȵľʱ̣޺īѾһһӾܽˣʧȥ޶в󽵵ͣ
һ죡ң
ھõʱɥʧҶīԵٶǵĹͲܻУ
ͳĬˣ˵ûīԵٶȼʹ¾ɽҲܱѣڵȷǻɱīõʱ̣Ͱп۽ᦣֻҪһ;ͻһ˲ջޣܵĽ޵𺦽ͣ
һְɣ
˵ͷеӵĽԽԽʢ̺֮½ֻδﵽޣﵽ޵ʱٶ»ܻɱһͷīԣ
ҲԼϵĹ֮У͵ͷϣֳһѹӳӰ࣬һ¾ɽӰҲԽԽʵһ㣡
Ӻ¾ɽѹīԿ־ˣҪƴѵ޵˫ȴץס
𣡡īԲϵŭţβ͸ǲϵĴ޵壬īι޵˫ʼնûзſ
أһʮ£ϵۼ׼ȫѣϲðīɫҺ壡
һ˿̣¾ɽγɻҪһʱ䣬еҲҪһʱ䣬ֻܿ޵סīԣȻҪ
סҲסͺ
õ͵޵˫ץĸˣ޵˫־ǵһ㣬ץסīԵ壬īϼӲƬҲץֻǶīԵ֮У


58 
ſԽԽǿѹīԵķҲԽԽңŤͼϵޣ
䣡īһԾ漴ص£
嶼īѹ£ϵۼ׾ѣ޵Ҳ֧飡Ȼܿ޵Ĺͷ
ʹ޵˫Ȼץīԣ˿ûзɵļ
ˣһϲ
¾ɽѾȫͣӵĳɢѹʹʿҲҪ˱ᣡ
ѣˣͿ졣
ˣ˵ͷʱеѾȫ˽ɫ̺ǿֲƺֻ迪һСǿֲͿй
һ֣˵
ã
һ


쳯ŽӴ˼˲ڿգһ⣡
䣡ڿ޺īԵһɲ˲䱬
գͼæһīһ˻
˲仯Ϊһ뿪īԵ壬ǽӱըʵ̫ǿˣһ˲仯Ϊ޾ͱӵıըһĺըȥ
أڽӱըĵīԸǲܣڽӵıը֮ϼûһ⣡
ը̳ɢ֮īԵ¶˳
ܣ쿴ȻܻīԲŵĺ
īԵ͸¶һ˿ѪĹâīԽĿϣϵ˿һԾſѪڣܹīԿзŵϹ⣡
ƷľѾȡƷܴ½ʱƷܵסīǿֲޱȵĶҺ
첻ɵı۾ʱѾˣ
ͣ͵۾һɲ˵
漴ˮ
ѵ˯ʱЦ
͵۾ĿŸǰͷʬ壡
һ㶣漴лһŹͷؼʱȻ˻͵Ĵڣ
ʵҲѹĿ֮ĹϵѺã˵Ƕӣʼնûͻ־Լ
ҲΪŹֵı飬ҲԼԼΪʲô־졣
ҲҵĻݰɣε̾˿
һ񣺡л֮
ɫһȻ͸ΪҲһԲʿһԲʿȻһʿҲѹ͵ı˹ˣ
ѲˣҲֻΪ˱ˣѵĽҲ׵Ļɱīԣҡҡ˵
˵ͷīδã
ɫһ䣬漴óһƿдʣֻð˿ûīԵ֮Уһһī̬ȫ޶ɫСԣӲĴī˳ȻצƴţǱСƿ
ʹǸոڹŹתһȦһ֮ϵĻ¶һ˿Цݡ
īԵĻǣͿƿצСԡ
޵ĻһǵһμҲû뵽һͷīԵĻǻܱĲǹԻһĶĸӦĻҲıһͷīԸȥˣЦ
Ȼƣȴβסĵļ
ѣīԵĻǹˣĶɣָָīԵʬס
⡭һ㶡޵ļֵˣͷīԸѪֵԶһĶޡ
ҵ޵ĻѾռıˡЦЦ˵
͵˵ͷҲ޵ĻȻ󣬵ҲҪȷϲſԣ͵еĻҲֻᶪ֮Ϊ޵ʳˡҺͷīԵʬǻв㣬һٶҲб˼档
īȻֻǸսڶףһǱϣƤϺõĻףǺצƷԭϣĵҺҲĳЩҩıر֮ҲǵͲ֪;콫īϲϵ;ϸ˵һ顣
ҲţЩȫεļϾļʶͺżĲ̲࣬ףһöʹīԵͷ­ͳһö
һ˿ȣ漴ЩʧӰ٣ĳ˵֮⣬īеĶˣĳȻʳԣ
ȻҲ޵ļֵԶһԸԱҲԸ⽫һβõīԵĻǻõīԵò˵ʵ̫һ㡣
īԵۼȫ֮ͽŽ˴֮УȻīԵۼױӵԱŪǧٿף֮ǰīǱ̬ķģʹˣһ֮ҲܳΪһķҪϵĽչܻҪãϾīԵͱȽԳҪߵö࣡
쿴ź̶ı䣬ԥһ֮˹ȥ
ڱ֮һ˿֮һڹ죬̶˲ùɭɭģԼڱһصţ;Լƺȼһ㣡
һ㶡Ȼ֪ʲôĴڣ첻ϧɱضʲôͨĴڡ̶ȻԵʣ
䣡ͻȻ֮䱦䱻ըƬһźɫĻֱڣ
ķ·һ㣬ƺ֪Ҫ䲻
Ҳû뵽Ȼ˽ƻ⧲֮¾Ȼ˳ȥ
ٶȼ죬һգ۵ĹѾӵ˶ڣ
أ͵ʱڶͻȻһɫĹĻסȥ·
ͺ쿴סȴû˿ľϲҵĿһɫĹĻ
󷨾Ȼһתˣ
ͺҲû뵽ԭԤƿһʱ󷨾Ȼֿʼתˣֻǹȥһʱң
һתҲζҲ̶֮У
󷨺ڲƽ⣬ĸڵǿͬʱֲпܣ
֮ΪߵҲֻԲˣľ绹ʮǧء
²ˣЦһεҡҡͷû뵽
𣡿϶󷨾Ϊס𣬸ոĳʹԭƵһαˣͻȻ˵
˵ЩʲôãڱҪȥǧˣε˵
ֻҪҾܴﵽڣڵʵһö޵δزܻ󷨣۾һ
һ漴ϲ棿
ֻɰգҲҪһԣһᣡ
ãǾͲһʹЦ


59 
еǾĸ˳׳ɲǼ̶ǡ
ٶ죬ȴ޷ף
һ׻֮ٶԽ˺ܶ࣬ʱҲˣеƷѾȫš쳯ȫŵƷ˼
˲һɾ޴Ʒӿ޴֮Ȼã
ˣıƷ룡
Ϳ̨ɵҡҡͷϵʵ̫ˣ̨զ࣬Ʒ֮вشīԵĽӣƷȻſ֮Ч
Ǽ֮Ĺ϶ɵģ󷨵ĴסĹܵǸΪṩԴԴϵĹɳ²󷨵ʿΪľ𾡿ɡ
ڵ²һʿɢеܲסһƷȴܽס
գһʮƷ˲ֿûУֱӱƷУ
䣡Ʒһɲǣ̨˲ͿԭֻһС̨ѾǵӴСһڲϵ
Ϳڿв̨̨ˣ
ҲһŵĿſеƷʹҲûаٷ֮ٵİգȻƷܹ𣬵ڽȡƷԪˣҲֻܲϴ뷨
Ȼ켫֮Ӱ켸΢΢ʱ̨ѾǵһɴС
ͿóʱƷѾ쵽ˣȥ²֮Ʒͻᱻĳը
ʱĶͷѾ˺ˮϵĳƷд뷨˴Ҳȥ˴Ʒı˵ԲƷȥ˷ųĴ㣡
ˣһֱ͵ﴦͻȻζ
ʹĿ飬ֻʱųֹһΣû뵽龹Ȼֶˣں̶ܹ֮˷ܵĶҲֻһֱƷŵˣ
һܹĻ齫һ䣬ҲܼһЩĹܣ
ǵҲɳģ
ʶŵ֮е飬ͼڲɳЩ
ƺûܳ˼ֻڵ֮вϵתתٶҲԽԽ졣ϾȻһ
һȻ͵ĵֱƷ
ɲǼƷеʲôֲĴһ㣬ͻȻҵĶҪѣ޴֮޴ӣ
Ŀ鷢ˣ
ƷסȻӲǱһ֣һֱӽ͵ĵ֮У龡գ
ۣͱͻľʹѪǿ󣬾ҲֱȡǿƷС龹Ȼֱӽ͵ĵ֮С
ȡ֮ʱֳһ͵ĵ;ͲѪôˣ˶Ҫճɻҽˣ
Ҳ˲õ飬ڱֳһֱǴŽգʹҪȥҲû˿취
ڣŴ󿪣Ȼ֮У
˴ʹƷ֮ƷⳡսȡİƷס𣬻ָ˰ƴСУ
쿴ƷƽһΪȡƷһӶ޷ģпγħΪһӶ޷
Ҳͷͳȡ˴𣬷Ʒ³ޱҡҲ߶иԵܣ̽˵ߵĴɣΪһԲʿʶȤû͡
Ϊһ˵
һ㶡漴˵ͷ
˾ȻǽԼȫ͵ϣ߱չ֮ʱΪһЩĻרЩչص֮֡ǰĹһܺõӡ
Ʒ֮ϾĻָԼ;ҪͻƱ뽫Լ״̬ѣͻ֮ʱ˿
Ѿ붨״̬;Ŀź̶ȻһܱյĿռ䣬˭Ҳұ֤ں̶ֻ֮īһֻޣ
ǻָһң۾ʱЦЦлΪһ
΢΢һЦĳӦģ
˵ͷҪȫͻƣԤҪһңҪ鷳ˣ
ôãһ㶣
ЦһѾˣô򵥣ҵʵѾԲҪͻǧѣ
͵˵ͷ֮ǰȻ֪ѣû뵽ȻѣҪһ²ɹ
һö֮Ʒ֮ϣҩڻͬʱƷĻҲţƷסһһ͸֮У
͸һˣ֮һȻͱմˣ
嶼˺ɫҰ׵徹Ȼһһȥ
鲼ȫ֮ʱ峹ʧ˿֮У
ʣµֻһǰˣֻǲı壡
Ҳǵһμı壬ļӳǵԭԽ󣬶ҲԽԽҲѹ˵Ҫһ²ɹٶȵĻҲһҲδʵ壡
ʱȫ״̬Ī˵ģֻҪһɢӵеƷˣ
뷨ֻ͵ԺתһȦʧˣȻΪԼһ˵Ҳɱ˶ᱦ
ֻǾĴΪȥһ£
ʱ䵽һʱѾʵ壬ΧҲǱڲѣ
Ҫͻˣ;ϲĿ죡
𣡡ͻȻ͵㽫͵Ķ
̶ڵͬƺӾһ㣬ӿ壡˴Ĺעٶȴӣ
Ԥһʵ壬ɹ


60 ɽ
һ֮Ѿ˼㣬ͿΧӿ죬ͻƵӣ
µƷѾȫţѾˮʱͬһ㣡ľ
һ̾˿ֻҪ콫һ˿ͽɹ
ȻԼȻǽŲѣͷʲô⡣
״̬һֱʱĻͻȻһ£漴ͱ쾨ˮһ㾡֮У̶ڵҲ֮У
ˣͿʵ廯Ц
һµ۾Ҳ˿Ӵһɲ͵ĵĪһɺ⣡Ⲣɱ⣬ǵľϵĲ࣬ʿȻֻһͿսľ
ϲ֣ɹЦ
͵˵ͷлΪһ
ޱȵֿû˿١һΪûκζģһʿĻͻɢˣ
΢΢һЦˣĳӦģ
ãͽֵܣЦ
˵ͷȻ֮乴Ķǣɱ˶ᱦÿ춼ݣ֮ҲֶĴڣû˿ĵط˶ͬȻͷ֮ĹϵôѺãͺһµʱ˱˴˵Σ
һֳ֮˿ľʲôľٶĻƴˣﻹֵܣ
͵˵ͷ磡
û뵽ҲСܵһ죡ˣȲ˵Щˣȥ˵һҲѾܹˣ쿴˿ڵĹ˵
Сܵȵľһ̣΢΢һЦ
Ҳһʿ̲סȭͷ
ͻȻ뵽һ⣬ȻѾΪʿô׽Ϊγٳٲ£
쿴һۣӦ󷨸ҵϢ׽ٲųٳٲ
͵˵ͷ漴ɫѿ񲻾ζһȥ׽پͻή٣ǸʱͿǴ׵ķΧ֮ڰԼ鷳ҶĶɽ˵ǴģʿɽٵķΧбߵĻɱǿ
İɣôԸװˣһаյģЦЦƺûа֮׽ٷϣ
ͣȭͷͻȻһźɫĻ棡
𣡡
𣡡¶һ˿Цݣ
ȥȭͷϵ۳һ˶ڵĹ֣
䣡ڵĹֱ֮ҵҡҲĿɿڴĿ죡жͺ֮ǰ𶼱䵲סһȻζ
Ƿӡ󷨣ûڵĻѽƣ૵
ڣ̲סüͷ
ܣǸ޽ɣʱӦܹˣ˵
εĵ˵ͷ
޳һҡ
޵˫ȾȻʧˣ޵һֱֻҲֻʣ˰أʱ޸޷ӳڵʵ
ô£ȱȫ̲סʵ
ըģͷ˷ۡ
ɫһȷǱ޺īͬھ뷨û뵽޵ƱеصĶ࣡
ֻܶöܵķ¾ɽˣ첻˼˵
͵˵ͷȻ¾ɽֻʹһΣ᲻úײסǣͿɲһӶطѾԶԶ˺ԵˮԼӣѾˡ
һʱ䣡΢΢̾˿¾ɽһγ͵ͷӳɢ춼е˲Св
ᵤʿޱȵĳȣ֪Ե֮컹̲ס̾һ
Ѿ׼ˣʱ͵Ѿ˺ˮ
ãЦһƷðĻ棬Ʒ·ɻɵһ㣡
ţһ
¾ɽƷ˲ڵĹ֣
¡ͼæſ˽չܵķס˱ըನ
ֱƷ¾ɽһȱڣʹ̱ˣ
ãҪˣɫһ䣡
ʧȥ󷨵ά֣߶ҵĻζɽڿʼѡҪǴʱڵϢһ˲䱬Ѿͷϣ
ߣ˲ץͣϳһɵĳһɽڣӳߣ
¡ոӳɽڵͱ״˸ţ
ֵۣ˳һȻס˵һף
Ȼ鴫̾һ֮ͼæ뿪ߣŵڶû֮ʣ˳ȥ
ڿǿס֮ŵ·ӴܵĹ̲סҡҡͷЩµľףʱ߶ɽ٣Щв֮
Ҳ̲סΪһ亹Ϊޱ׵ĵֿϵͣɽٵѶȣ
ȴΪ⣬Ʒĸͷ׵ĲϺʿС٣Ʒıǰ׼ûжκεӰ졣Щ׾ƷĵֵȻ壬ϸڵҲڲϵӣ
ڶʮ׵ʱͷƷѾֵסҷɣʮ׵ʱƷѾ˿˿ƣ
΢΢̾˿ƷֵܹʮѾǼˣʣµһֻܿԼֵһ׵֮ǰʮ󲿷ֵʿһ׵ʱҷ
һðɭȻĻ棬ǼǧɳĻ棬˵ʺϹ޵Ļ棬ΪԼĻҪһʿǿʮ
ȣϵĻ澹Ȼγͣ
¡һҲ漴£֮оȻһ˿Ϲ⣡
쿴е˿壬۶ɵľ˶ſе׺һȭ
䣡һ׵֮ȻӲı׻ɢֱ죡
֮ŭһ
ƷĻ꾹Ȼ䣬̨һ䲻Ļľл̺ƷҪ֮ǰĽ֮ϣ
أ˲䱬
ɲǼ޹⣬Բﶼ޴ıըǣ
Ϳ֮еıըͶųOͣȻֵزȻδȹ׽ٵǴʱʵѾһʿʹȫʢʱڵҲδĶ֣
ۣ׳ݺݵĻ壡
˲䣬嶼˳ȥϵ绡ƣǿ׵嶼ʼð˺̣
죡ͼæ嵽ߣ


61 
ȿȿȣû£ǿĳӡ
ˣǵ׵Ȼôǿһһ׵;һ¡
һ׵֮ǿҵԤϣƷжȥ˴󲿷ֵĻҽҲ׶༪ˣҡҡͷ˵
û¾ͺã˿
еĽƽɢȥһʵĹâӽ£У
ʹâ£ԭ԰׵׾Ȼһ˿Ѫɫɵ˺۾ȻҲһɢ챾Ҳһһǿ
Ȼ⵽ô£֪ʱһ״ֻ̬þػߡ
ʵĹâһӲŽɢȥʹâɢȥʱҲ۾ʱϸͿκεĲף
Ƕɽٳɹˣ΢΢һЦ
ոҲǶɽٵһ֣һ㶡
ʿֵסе֮󣬽֮оͻһʹâʿ壬ֻоʹâĸʿ˵ͷ˵
쿴˿Ϊƽص߲ɵҡҡͷٵǿף֮ڶ߾Ȼôȥˣ뵽겻ѡ
һµľ˺²ѣû뵽ȻһԺѣ֮ǰ˽ŵӣ˾̲סЦ
ţˣͻȻס͡
ɫһû뵽׷ɱȻܱס
ʱһǱǿķ֪٣ϵĵѾò
벻㻹û޾Ĺ׷ɱдһ£ħ֣Цһ
죡Һ㡭ʿһ޲ýʬΣǸܵɲʵ֮ˣ
㾹ȻˣֵĿ졣
ܾȣ첻мĿ˵֮ǰźһսĻôڵֿ
ײǰǰ£ȻһݣħǿߵƤΪҪ֣
һŹ㣿ȥĴҵķṦΰ
ңң´ûߣҲûǰæ˵
ͷ˷ۣƤʵǺһ̶ˣⷬ˵ʹҲ졣
ܺãϧҲŹ㣡ЦһгһźɫĻ棡
ɫһ䣬˲ʮŷ䣬оȻмһƷ䣬һͳʮ֮⣡
쿴ŷӴܵһЦдһ棬˲佫ķյĸɸɾбһֻСӣ
ȥһֻֻɫС˲ƣ
Զڰ֮˲ðĻ棡
ֵĿԼϺɫĻ棬ŬЩɫĻ治ûϨ𣬷ԽԽ
һϢʱ䣬λԲʿȻյʣ
Ȼ˶ˣǾͽСܰɣޱóᦣһ˲Ļǳ֮С
쿴ôû˿񷴶е֮ͣ·Уٴи֮ʵĻ·
ȡĻ֮ĵ˵ͷޱըˣԲĻǶ˵Ǵ֮ʹȫԭ޵ҲǴа
ŵɢӵĹ΢΢̾˿ЩΧǻΪǸ󷨵Եʣ󷨱ЩȻǺĹҪһѪȷ簡
ôѵҪǾӢۣЦ
Ա˳ŵãôʱ䣬ֻҪЩﲻңҲȥ˶ٵɱ¾أ췭˷ۡ
͵˵ͷ߰ɣѾеҵĵˣ
Ҳǣ΢΢һЦȻĺڰһϵǺͲ¡
ʿ֮ݹٶ֮Ͳʿܱ⣬Сȫ֮һͻصɽУ
֣Ǿڴ˷ֱɣ˵
ţʱҵСһΪһɨԴ΢΢һЦ
һҲϣֶһЩ䰡СʵޡЦ
һһ˵ͷ
ͷһʱ֮ȷΧûʿʱһֱڱϵķɻ˲ſ˲͵ٶһأʹǲ쵫ҲԶˣΨһźɻĵʵ̫ˣڵΪ޷ʱʹá
ѨʱҲ̲סϾѾһûмԵˮˣȻԺԥնɱʿͺˮǰֻһͨĸˣ
Եˮһˣո˷ܵĺ
ಣѨ֮ѸٵӰһֱӹ͵ϣ
͸Ǻ㣡ö˵ϵȻˮСˡ
ˮļ򣺡ԣⲻƽĻ𣿡
Եƽ˿һ²ؿɰŵĹǺ
ȽȥɣкöǣЦ
Ү͸ˣˮ˲件
зױ׶ܣĩ֮۹͵ķԼѡɡͽƷ˳
Եɵĳ˳飬ǵľϲԽԽˣû뵽һӾȻóǲˡ
Ҫĩۣ֮ƯԹǰˮϲ̵ĩ֮ۡ
ĩ֮ۿʹôģֻʹʮΣѵ
νƯˣˮСƺ׼ĩ֮ۡ
ɣС֪ĩ֮÷׻۾ƵĻ׿
ҾҪɣԵѡ
ţԴٶȣ߶ʱռݲٵƣ͵˵ͷ
ױ׶ܾ͹ˣֱӰױ׶Ӹ㡣
һ㶣û뵽һηַȻԼķݡӦʱױ׶Ѿˡ
ִӴ֮óİѷɵýԳצƵİնɷɵնɷɵһİѣȻһ׷ͷּʹİѷɵͬʱʹҲǾĸ˵Ʒһߣ˵ɵĻѾһѶˣֱ;öǸΪնɷɵǿп޵ˣ


62 ɴ
óİѰնɵʱ˾ʶİѷɵǱѰϾƷƷ֮Ĳʵ̫ˣʹһ۾ܺб֮Ĳͬ
ȻóƷѾǾƷеľƷǺƷһȼֱǲֵһᡣ
磡ǡȻû˵ԵѾµ˴롣
΢Цŵ˵ͷİѷɵƷˮһѣ
Ȼ׼ǰİѷɵƷʱԵ̲ס˳ƷĶʹʿҲҪۺĶ
硭ǸǵģԵʼ
ȻȻóʲôЦ
͸㲻Ҫ𣿡ˮʵ
иõķİѷɵ͸ˣһƷҲǺõġ΢΢һЦ
Ϳ˿İѷɵҺˮһһѾ͹ˣʣµѻǸŰɡ
ﲻ֪Ե뷨΢΢һЦӴͳǾĸ
⡭ҲƷԵȵĿеķ
ҲƷǳ׵Ʒնɵȫò˵
ţлˡȻѾиõķˣԵȻƴǣѰնɵ˴֮С
ŵõ̵Ҳ¶ЦݣǿǵԵˮԺķչͻε̾˿
Եˮ׼ȥμɴᡣ̾˿˵
ڵõϲõеô˵һ㶣漴ͬԼһһҡͷ
ǲҪˮ˵
ҲôģһãΪʲôҪ뿪ԵҲ˵ͷ
ЦЦҸͰﲻʲôʲ֮ǲܵõõķչ
ƭˣɵҲҪˣˮӴóѰնɵ˵ϡ
Ҳ⣬ҪҵʣͰĻұĴѰͻƵǲͬǵԶʤңֻҪǺúһȡúܴĳɾͣ̾˿
ûϵҲûϵˮ˲۽ǵˮ˵
Ȼ̤·ǾͱǰҴӦǣʮ꣡ʮ꣬һȥǣ˵
ʮ꣡
ʮ꣡
Եˮ̲ס˳Сһ𣬼ʹǷһǶòϰߣοǶʮ꣬ͨ˵С뱲Ӿȥˣ
ģʮ֮һɹɹ֮һȥǣ˵
Ҳͬ⣡ʮ̫ˣԵԣˮҲ˵ͷ
ε̾˿ԵˮʼպݲǳǣǿǵԼԵˮԲܸԼߣõѡ
ϣһӶ޷ΪһgĻǾһֱҵߺˣ̾˿˵


ԵˮͬʱĬˣ˵ǵʹ͵ޣʹͻƵļҪСĶ࣬͵ĻҪ˵һ޷ͻˣ
˳ĬҲȥǣҪ˺ú˼һ£
ԼһʱԵˮ˶һۣӶԷп˶Էľͬʱ˵ͷ
Ըɣҧҧ˵ɼ˶ľġ
οĵ˵ͷɴỹ²ſʼǺúһΪ׼һУ
µʱһζԵˮҲ֪˵Ϊ׼һʲô˼ˡ
µͼɽ˸׳죬ǾٹȵشͻԪ֮ĵҩװдķ䣬ʯΪ׼ݵҩ
һʮöǵʮöһɹͽеƿӽԵ
һöҪǧʯʮö˵ҲҪƷʯټ֮ǰĵҩͷµĻҲʮϣ
˶ԴԵˮȴʼո˲ԽԽò·ڽһ㡣
ˣҲ֪᲻ãڶݵķֱΪԺľףңһȥǵģ˵ļ˵
Եĵ˵ͷػ֮ͱǰɽС
νɴݵյӵٰĴᣬЩɲߣҲһЩʲķˣһɿô۱ǣɽˣɢ޻Ƿ˶Ϊ⼸ͷ­
Ȼɴշˣǵصȴڷ׽磬ڸ֮УҪɵĻͱѰҵеڣҪ޵Ĺÿʱͻķ޿ڡ߶Դȴ޶ԣֻ˵ЩԵ
ÿյޣⲻҪɸѡһҲ͵ڷ̨֮䣬ֻгŵ˲ܽɡȻҲǾԵģʹˣٿеĻֱӽɡ
ȻԵˮ̨ˣо仰˵ĺã˵ĵطнȻ߸߸ϵȻˡ
Ҫĸɣʵ
Ⱥի
ţ
͵˵ͷ۹ˣˮȺիԵǽ뽣š
ȺիһŮɵɣɷҲȽɣˮõȥȻԣʵҲСȻԪһڣ콣֮Ҳλʿ
ԵҪܲܽһ㶼ģԵˮ˱ʾͲټİʮþȵ顣
λһ˵ʹյ˽ŵӵߣĵĵݹȥһƷʯ
ŵһϲɫƷʯһƫƧĽ䡣
λѣ֪һν׼նٵӣʵ
λŵΪѵҡҡͷ
͵˵ͷСС˼ɾ⣡
ǡŵӾĿ˿Χûע֮Žһƿս˻С
һҽɽ֮лնʮӣ
һյӵִǺˣһóһƿ
ŵһϲյӵִǺʦ壬ʮһΪ
ǿڷΪһλʦ壬¸м漴͵ϱƿ
ŵĵѾЦ˻ɽյӾΪ׬ȡһЩʯû뵽ôһһóƿĽҪ˺üﻹвͬĵ


63 й¶
ûŵĵӾͽĺʦ˹λʦһֻΪʱһСʲôö
΢΢һЦεѡ
ţպεʿֻ΢˵ͷ
ȻԷûԼУҲգεѣһĳ󡣡
ƳһۣŹɭϣҪĳŵĻôذɡ
⻰˵ĿԴǣ֪ԷֻԼˡ
ССɾ⣡ʹӴ֮ͳһС
мĿеУһСʲôöʹеһɲǺɫ䣬װľȻһҵҩ
ѣǡ͵˿ڿˮ
ҩĳãֻεѰһСæĽپǵˣ΢΢һЦ
˵ֻҪĳĵһոջͲмһ˵ĺ̬һһٰʮȵĴת䡣
Цȴûбֳκε쳣иܵܣѾ߲ΪҲ߶νϣεܹΪ󿪷֮š
ΪѵĿͣһû˵
΢΢̾˿һֻ̰ôӴ֮óƿ˺ϡ
еƿЦеĵ˵ͷģС¾Ͱˣ߶νĻսǺܼ򵥵顣
͵˵ͷǾͶлεˣ
Ե⣬Ͱ«ưͬķˮͽ˴Ⱥի
ʿ̨ƴƴʱԵˮѾ˽ɵˡ
ɴҪңͱԵˮڵķȥ⻹һĻ𱬣֥æˡ
ѣߵ̨ǰЦ
ѣôˣ֥һ㶡
·ͽЦ
ɣͻȻ
͵˵ͷȰ֥һᣬȽȥ
һ£ֵΪͿЦʱɫҲǰֲ԰ףͳ죬˭Ҳ벻ͨķ֮оȻһڵĹ޴ڡ
ЦЦﲻֻϲҵİɣ
ЦЦﲻɴԾ˳һߡ
׼ɣһ㶡
ңҵãҾǼɲõѡ񡣡˵
˵ͷҲԣϾϵʵ̫ˣߵĻҲôĶ֪
̲ס˷ۣ⻰˵Ҳ̬̫˰ɡ
˵ʵһֻ֮˳ˣΪȥļ˵ɻ֮𣿡쵭˵
һȻû뵽һ㣬һ֮гһ̩ɣУɶԲΪпǶһĴڣЩԵ޹ʵʧٿ϶ɵӣ
ȻһӲ鵽ǣҲֵӣ
ǸġͻȻóС
ʲô
䣡쵭˵
䣿һƷ䣿Ц
ҡҡͷƷ䣡
һˤϡ
Ʒ䣡
ǶƷ䣬Ϊɹ֮ѾܹƶƷ䣬ҵһƷ䣬ȫˣЦЦ
֮иԷһö¶һƷ䲻֪Ҫǿ϶٣
һöǻˣǻǿɣмҵ𣬱һĶƷҪǿϲ٣ֻҪУʮʿҲҪˡָұ֮е˵
һö֮ǰùĽ˿ƣö֮еķǻ𺣣һʩչΧͻһƬ𺣣ʮʿҲƿЦ
Ϳеö˵ͷƷһ֮ϺоȻƷ䶼Ū
ЦЦСˡ
ڽ̸֮ͽԼһЩⶼ˳һһ𡣱Ͼʿһ;϶ıҪָ֮ܶ࣬һֱ͵ⶼõ˽һéٿĸо
İ£͸ס˷֮УǽԼеȫڸͣʹ˺ܶ·
Եˮȥ֮һҪúͿ̾˿
ţ
ţ
ȥıӰͻȻñġ
ﲻܰɣԱ˵
ô죬ǸΣգ˵
׼ô죿ʵ
ҲҲһɰɣҲһһУ˭Ҳ˵׼̾˿
ЦЦλʣûʲôɻҪ㣡
ͷ˷ۣ֪ˣɲԲҪһֱң
ĿԵˮ뿪֮֮ͽ֮У֮пһ漴ͽ֮ôеһ㶼ûмٵļ󣬷ԽԽ࣬ÿν֮ͶҪ׶ʹ࣬ڱΧ
ÿ춼üö͵һһҩĪգ·֮һ޵׶һ㡣
ڷټҩҩĸ֮ٽһһ߲ʿ˰¹Ϊ֮Ͳ˳顣
߲ˣ΢΢̾˿˭뵽һλʿܹôͻ߲أ
ʹӴ֮óһöѪɫö֮ǰɱǸʿõģ֮һʿʶһͳһټϺһֱûʱ䣬һֱ˴֮С
͵ʶһɲǣڵʶ˲乥˹ȴ˿ţʶ˲˳ڵʶһա˷ö֮еʶԽԽٴ֮ʶѾٱ
͵ʶһν֮УʶȻǺԥĳ˹´ʱʶͺη壬ӭʶ
䣡ͻȻԼԴƺҪըһϢһ˲ӿ͵Դ֮У֮мصʲô
ҵˣͻȻ˽е
һ㶣ʶæ˳ǾĸѾУ
ԭ㣡Ȼеɱħŵˣ׼ɣһʿЦһ˻ΪһӰ͡
кǾĸ˲ֿϲ˸ɫĵ绡ʿ
׵֮ʿһæܿӽ
㵽˭ҲǵҺʲôڣһ
СӣɱħŵˣϴħеϢϢôضز˵ģʿЦ
ħţͻȻ֮ǰɱǸʿװһġ
СҲǺˣȻôãʿһ
һͷѾ͵ǰûжܵʱ䣡


64 ɱħ
أ͵ʿΪɹʱ͵ǰͻȻһĻסħ߹
ѹɱħ죡ʿһ
һָ֣ſһ죬ָ϶һâõķָ
ָһâųһֱ߷˳ȥǺʿҲӹָ֣ٶȾȻ׵Ķ˹ȥ
ءһһСط͵ָը˸ӳһƬ֮Щط¶˱ڻļǸʿųһ亹
ָֻһͨķͺͻָ࣬ȴһƷǺʿսΣһĸ֪ĻͲָܿô³Ϳ֪ˣ
СӣȻеŵʿһ
;ĿʿȻǽֵʱһɲǣʿǣȻΪֻŲ㣬սҪԼḻĶ࣡
أͻԵɵĳŵصһָ
ʿɫһ䣬ϵĶҲħ߹Ƕһ㣬¶Ķ
أص¾ȻðһӰγ˼л֮ƣ
ȻŲʿħŻǿңͿʿߵ
СӣԲǹ־͹ǲˣʿЦһ
͸ոҲΪԼһ亹ֻҪԼֵһ㣬¾Ѿ촦ˣ
أſ˽չܵķֱ֣ӳ˶ڡٴڶǵˣ
ʿȻҲ͵ͼϵħ߹ͬʱͣ
ħ߹ײڽչܵķ˳
ʿ࿴һۣӶԷ￴һ˿ħ߹ǿһȻħ߹ħеı䷨ȴҪʲôƽ֮ǿ̫ˣħ߹ͬʱȻԷķֶûлƣ˵ˣζûлζһ£
͸ոճھ;Լ˫һȻ֮У
ɫһ䣡û뵽ʿǵľȻܵڶ塣
Сˣ˫Ŷˣζҵı׶۵ļЦŰ˫һֱ̧ͣпʼдʡ
˫ǰˣ˰ɫľ壬γһı׶
ɫ䣬һһһһλεĳ˳źɵһȥ
һͬʯϣֱðȴû˿
־ŭ跨ʱȴ˺ʿĿЦ
Сӣȥɣ
һæ̧ͷһ
Ϳʮı׶ѴӺ漤˹ȫ˽ȥ޴Ӷ
Щ׶ȫչܵĹֵסͳô˻Ὣעеĸ֮Уһ׵֮˲֮У
֮оȻʿĲҽʹ֮͵˫һɣһ˲;뿪ӣ
ֳ֮һʿʿ͵׵Уֶֻ׵֮˽̿Ҫָûи¸ܣ
һħţȻŲʿͿʿЦ
Ϊħֻɳ׷ɱ𣿸ɣһħһٶʿ͵ҲŲ㣬ߵԲĴڣΪ㻹л·𣿡һʿЦ
ҲɱħŵһбҪôһе׷ɱ𣿡ʵ
СӣҲֻܹãɱСӣʿЦ
һ⣬ô֪ɱģʵ
ҲգҲףħŵ϶һħħ޷ֻħŲܷһնɱħŵϾͻմħɱԽħҲԽأǿ׾ٵķ㣡ʿЦ
ʿĽҲֻܰ̾һԼʵǲ˼ˣȻ֪ЩηԼҲͲԼʵˣ
Ȼ⼸ʿʵҪ͵е㲻Ͼӵнչ;Ѿڲ֮ˣʿַ޷ƿչܵķ
˵ˣҲˣʿһӰ˲佫ͰΧеħ߹Ǵͣ
䣡
أأأΪĵھȻ˵ף
ʿ־ŭʵ벻ͨΪʲôףħʿ͹һ׵֮ƣȻûôţħʿܲ׵;׵磬˭뵽һ߲߾Ȼ׵֮
Ӱ˲䱻׻˵ϣð˿˿̣
Сӣʿһ죬һھѪħ߹֮ϣ
ħ߹ȻЩѪԭڵħ߹Ȼɢҫ۵Ѫ⣡
ǡͻûüӦѪͻ˽չܵķ֣
أһνչܵķ־Ȼҵҡ
ɫ䣬ħȻǹޱȣŲֻһھѪȻ÷ַ˺϶ҲǾ޴ģֻǹ˼ʿѾҰײҰ׵ˣ
Сй죬ȳʿԼ޷ɱ͵ʱ⡣
ۣʿ³һھѪһβǹܣħ߹ںʿľѪٶȿף
Ϻһ߾ߣ°ɣ
ʿȻ͵ĻûΪһ߲ʿܹ׷ǣ
һǾǿ˹һֻͱȻһѩ׵ĳ򣬽һ³;Ѿǵߣ
ֿܣʿϣ·
ǵٶٿҲ첻ͱһԷɻ
ħ߹ôҲֻһƷɻǻʵƷʹƷ֮ҲھƷ
ۣһʿѾ촦
ޣնɱʿһɲ;ٻޣʱ˫ȫޣϵİֱҲֻǻָСأ⻹ԵʣСεֱ۶ָˡ
޼ʿʬһţʬеĻ˳ʬҲ¡ѪȵĳҲֻüͷˣҪָͱɴѪʳ꣬ȻͲȥɱ޹ҲڷŹЩҪȡˣ
ûע⵽ǣɱʿ֮󣬴Ӻʿðһ˿Ϊһ壡
Ҳͬʿ˵Щֻħŵ˲ܿ


65 Ѫػң
ʿĴͲɵҡҡͷ֮ʯҲֻٿ飬ҩ֮Ҳֻͨľ֮ǰɱǸʿǲԶˡħ߹Ž֮Ͳɵ̾˿İħ߹ҲζѾĸħŵˣͬʿ˵ĻԺ׷ɱħŵӻԽԽ࣡
Լȼ֮Եˮ֮УȻʹҲδܱȫǡ
һƧĵطͣϸĻ֮еݡ
ѪħԺиֳⱾʱһǿ־Ȼ㱣
ѹֻڵʶأԭħŵɹͿ׹֮һ
⡶Ѫħ֮м˴ħһЩѪѪΪԴȼǱ
ͱ뵽ʿ缸ھѪǡѪħмصѪˣӦǼ򻯰棬ȻաѪħصĻѪԲˣ⡶ѪħеѪĻʿȫҲһ
꡶Ѫħ֮ͲʶħŵǿħžԲǱô򵥣ĹֻһɣͶţ
֮ǰͻɱħҲԩȻСѪħҲζеҲϰĪ˵ѪһͲǵʱֵܹģΪУΪĴ⣬ʱ䶼ûо͵ˣеġѪħװױ͡
õˡѪħǿĹһ¼ֱԲԼħ֮кܴһֶҪѪΪȥܹϰҲֻѪһ֣ħ̫̾ΪҪߡ
ͳ̾˿աѪħеķתԼŴߴ£ȫѪҺʼҵĻζٶԭȵʮ
ѪҺٶ֮죬Ƥ˳ɫ·һͻᱬʱ͵ѪҺٶԽԽ죬ѪҺ֮гԵķֲ㣬һСѪҺɫҪѪҺĶ࣬еľѪ
ħŵ֪ڵľѪôĻ϶ΪԼ۾ˣѪͬһѪҺѪҺľһڵʿܹھѪѾǼˣھѪǵһ
ǾѪ𣿡ӿЩɫѪҺ૵
һʶľۼڵľѪҲǵһο˴ľѪ
ۣͳԵ³һھѪ
һھѪǾĸϣǾĸһھѪҫ۵ĺ⣬ϵĵ绡ž죬֮ǰǿһ
ѪʱҲȽ϶ֻ̣ǹϢʱ佣ϵĵ绡ʧˡ
ȴ˿СѪȻʱ϶̣ܹ÷ԭսоܹһֲǸôһ㣬ʹһھѪͶԼԴεġ
֨֨֨ѰԴͻȻð˳
ͿֻѰεҡҡͷӴ֮óһöӸѰѰЦеıźһСĻĿ
ԭСһһֱˮŵģˮ֮ǰͰѰ󽻸͸֮ǰһǿһҪúչѰ󡣲СһûûεĳŻ֪ȫûΪ뿪ˮˡ
Сһͷ·֮ͱһ̣ϵѾˣʱȥйһˡ
͸յɽеſھͱסˣ
ÿƷʯ
һ㶣֮ǰÿһƷʯô˼¾ͱƷʯˣȻֵͻûɵɽԣɽеıɽʿǻԪһĴҲҪɵ֣˵޸ɢˡ
ʵʵƷʯ֮ſϷУ
ǰ㣡͸սɽоһʿյ˸ǰ
ϸĿǰʿΪֻ㣬ʿݵʱЦЦ
ǰüԣǵ£Ц
ֹʵ
ǰ˵ЦˣΪ£ֹһЩʲôأ֪ǰһҪȥʵ
ɽʲô仯Ϊʲôеļ۸һƷʯƷʯʵ
һ漴Ľ͵ϵıޱȵľʣԭɽ֮оȻһػң˵ɽϴͨ˵ص׵ĵػ֮ػȻȦס
ɽоȻֻɺʹ֮вŻֵĵػ⻹˵ãһЩԶɢ޶ˣɽϳû˽ɽеļ۸
ػң˼ȥЦ
߷ֱɽеģػҾɽеĺĴ
ǰȻͲɵĸ̾ʿǿǿĵػȻҲܿƣʹڵػ֮Ͷܸܵǿֲ¶ȣ
صػҵһΪʮ׳Ѿ˽ػҪһʯ͵ļ۸ÿһƷʯСһƷʯһŶҪĴʱ䣬ʮµģһ¶пܣʹÿһƷʯɽже׬
Ҫһʺĵػң˵
󺺵˵ͷҪƷĵػң
ػһƷһ㶡
üͷƺԸͣ
ͻһƷʯ󺺵ĵ˵ͷ
ػһΪ죬أĸƷлƼػҵĵػǼ۸ҲΪˣÿֻһƷʯ켶ػеĵػǿǼ۸ҲÿҪʮƷʯؼػÿҪƷʯػÿҪĿƷʯ󺺽͵
͵˵ͷҪһĵػҡ
һ㶣û뵽;ȻҪһĵػңһɢѡĶǻƼĵػңһĵػҵĻѿɲư
ƺ˴󺺵ǣӴ֮óٿƷʯŵ˴󺺵ǰһҪһ㣬ʯ͵Ƕ𣬶ٲ
󺺿ʯ֮
ߵ˾޴ʯǰӻͳһɫ״Ʒ׼ʯžһΡ
ɫϺһϷһĨϼ⣬׼ȷϣʱ⼱ת֨֨ʯŻ¶źһɫͨͨߣʷΡ
ѣʯеػķˣڹȥɣ󺺼˼˿Цݺ󣬶Ժֺõ˵
ţͲÿɷĵͷ߽ͨ
ʯȻϡ֮Ҳ׼ͨϡһҵôࡣשʯ޽ͨͷݣҲʿĴͨѾĻŴ󹦸ɵġҲƾʯ͸£µػĹŹԣػ֮Դӿδʲô¹أһǰ·һмŪ˵
ͽŽɵһ£ʯͷֱȫûеȡ
ѣˣػңӵľͱʾûˣѿѡһػңǵѲҪ˽ػ֮ǰϵժʿΪÿˣ𲻱Ҫ鷳ѵ
͵˵ͷѡһػ˽룬ժϵ֮˺صʯţ


66 ͹
Ǹνһ㣬ֻ߰ɴСӵиԲأԶǽﻹһɫš
ԲͬʯƳɣΪƽֻаߡԲ࣬ȴǶŰ˸ɫף׿ڲ΢̧ö׼ԲĵϿգƣǳ档
ʯϿŵػҵʹ÷Ҳͽʡ˲ٹ
ǴݵĵػڣҪĵػ𣬾Ǵ˸ҸҪеڻС͸߶ȡ
ʹӴóʥϾ¯ʥϾ¯д˼ͼʥϾ¯Ʈʯ֮ϡǽϵַʹ˼ͼ˸һŻ棡
һ˲䣬ػҵ¶һ˼ĵز֪ػ¶̫ˣæ뼸Ƶػ¶ȡ
ػڵ¶Ƚ֮Ͳһػǿǿȴȵػ֮鷳Ķࡣ
һʹӴ֮óƿ֮ǰᴿҩ
ڻûеҩͽػڳֻһ˿ôСΧʥϾ¯ϵתԼĪһյĹʥϾ¯Ѿɢž˵¶ȡ
֪ѾԿʼˣƿɵʥϾ¯Ͽգ䷽ıҩִεʥϾ¯֮С
ͽҩҺ壬ȫʥϾ¯УٰѸ¸ϡһȫɣƺǳûгʲô
Ϳ˿Ҵ⣬ֻ򵥵һˣ֮Ĳӷѡ
˵ϻ͵Ĳϸ֣ʥϾ¯תٶȴڻпʼ΢΢š
ʱһȥСɢ˿˿ҩ㣬˾һ񡣵ʱɵĺܣ뻹ҪøΪҵĵػ𣬽˲ʱУſγɵ衣
ǻûһʥϾ¯оʹһսζ
ֻε̾˿Ȼ֪һĳɹʼ㣬ǵʧܵһͻ̲ס̾˿
ʱʥϾ¯ڵҩһںĺ״һ״γ֮ͱͶҩ
ػеĵػ¶Ҫ֮ǰõĵػ֮ǿ̫ˣвǰҲʼЩʦܹػƵ˾ȷҲ֪Ҫ¶ٿ๤
˵һɫĻ棬һεػǿȱ֮ǰ˲٣ʥϾ¯һδҩ㣬;һԽСˣϵķϱ任ţʱѾˡŪеĿػ֮Ȼ裬ȴܺõĿ˵ػ¶ȣ
һյĹʥϾ¯еҩΪŨˣʱѾʱˣǿҵĵػʹ˲У
뵽ʹһԭֻпӴֵĵػԽҫۣﵽֱ۴СʥϾ¯УԶԶȥһ͵Ļ򣬶ʥϾ¯ڲҩҲŨ˼㡣
Ҳ֪ʥϾ¯ˡ
ڴʱʥϾ¯ڴһƵıȻȴ͵һ
ȥػ𣬴ʥϾ¯ĸһɴ̱ǵζʥϾ¯֮ϰƬɫĹ壬δεľϸĻһ¯˵Ҳʮöϧȫˣ
ͲɵҡҡͷȻԼ֮ǰô򵥣ο¯ķʹ֪¼Ļܳɹ
ߵǽǵıɫϣ붨״ָ̬ԼԼľָ״̬ſʼ
ͬĲϣͬ¶ȣͬĿػַͻʧˣһʧΣ֮ǰᴿҩѾľֻεķ
֮͵ߵķϵѾѳһСɽɵȴһûС
ԼԼ˶¯ĵҩ˷˶ҩÿһζͷʧܣеĵҩըѡ
Ȼʶ¶ȵ⣬ͳٱ鶼ûŵ
һʦʦ̵ʲôʱ£ʲôʱ£ʲôʱĻʲôʱЩнֺҵĿ¶ȾȻҲһò˵츳
žʥϾ¯֮һδ˱
ε̾˿ʧˣ
ʥϾ¯֮ЩƬüͷ壡
Ȼвʣͻָ֮Լ
׼һʱ򣬷ַڴ֮еҩȻȫˣԴҲֻܿЦһҩĵ˾ҿҲֻһ˰ɣ
ʶһɨȷΧûбʿ֮ͽ֮Уͽҩӳ飬ʱ˽ػҵĻ϶ᱻǰľһһѷԱ߾Ȼһҩѣ
Ͳժҩʱ۾ͻȻһ飬ĴžȻˣ
ʹһҪ֪ȻʹˣһֱǴŽհ
ʱеҩĳȥƺһܵٻһ㡣
Ϳʱ͸ܵױȵ¶ȣԼǰߵĻᱻ¶Ȼ
ǵߵſڵʱֲ¶ȺԤ׵ʧˣ
ãȻĿܣһŲĺɫʱԼ۾ˣ
𣡡û֮вĺɫ
֮һ仯ûУڲ֪ȫյ֮ˣ
ǽ϶ʥ޵ͼ׻ȸ䣬ʥ޵ĵܴЩϸܵѹʥ޲ǵȥģʥޣֻ͵ĸоˡ
ĵ;ȻһƪС֣͵ͷʱȴЩȻһϵá
䣡͵۾ӴЩСֵʱ;ԼԴ·Ҫըһ㣬Ϣһѷӿ͵Դ֮СЩϢͲ͵Դܹ񣬲ϵӿ͵Ժ֮С
ͻı仯͸ûʱںϢĳ»˹ȥ
ʹͻȥЩϢҲûֹͣ˼ϵӿ͵Դ֮Сǽϵʥ޵۾зųһ⣬벻Ļ澹ȻƯĳͷȥ
ЩȻҪɱͣҪ֪ʹԲʿҲֱӴƷסͱֱĻô³ֻһյʣ
ǵ͵ʱȴûеôţȻȻڲϵķ͵壬ȴ÷͵ƺһ㱣Ĥֵʴ


67 ɣ
״̬˰ʱ͵صƺҲֲסȻһȱڣ
˰ʱȱڷӿȥһ˲䣬ȱ¶ϣеֻռ֮һˡ͵׼Ű֮ʱһһγ֣Ȼǿ͵ĵʹ˺͡
Ȼ𲻶ϵȴѹƵģǿ͵͵ĵеʱ͵ĵͻȻһҫ۵Ĺâǿг˽ȥȥȻһĹ켣תţȫû֮ǰֿ񱩣˳ͬһ㡣
͵ĵһС֮Ҳʥ޵ĵǿϻԭأ»ָԭӣΨһĲͬڵϵ͡
ʱ͵ĻԲΪܵʲô˺Ժһӿ˴ϢΪ˱ıܷӦˡ
֮;ԼһΣεԼվһ޴֮ǰϾȻÿ֮ʮӣÿӶͬ׼ȥժЩӵʱȴԼ޷Щӡ
͵ģһۣԼǰûʲôӣֻһŲĺɫǽԹʥްˡ
ͻŻ֮ǰ飬漴ĿһС֣ԭʶЩŹֵ壬֮Ժ֮ȴһЩϢоͰ塣
ϼһСֶ˳
ȴüͷûмǴĻ֮ǰɲֹ⼸֡
ƺ뵽ʲôϵԺʲô
䣡͵Դ֮ͻȻʲôը˿
͵Ժ֮оȻһмһˣӵһģһ
أһеһͻȻ˳漴ʧ˿С
͵ԴͻȻһϢϢǱģƾ䷽䷽ʱĻ򶼱עһ
е㲻ԼģԼԺ֮оȻһص䷽ͷûв´ĻÿһӶһݵ
ַ˼鼴ʹһʱҲԽܣֶεľͨʿҲֻдڴ˵ĽᵤʿԪӤʿͨɡ
һö֮йھéٿ֮ǰö֮ж漰˽ķģ֮صķȥƵĻֻһξƳɹȻԼΪλģ;ָо
²˳٣ͽողժҩ˳ʶȻȴһ¯ûУֻ˳齫ʥϾ¯֮ڣһһһŪĹǺ
˿벻𣬽Ѿóĵػ֮˽ȥָ߼ûĸɵϻȥõػ֮ƷǱʿҪǿְ
ʥϾ¯һʥϾ¯ƮϿգһӴʥϾ¯Ƿһ㣬ȫͻʥϾ¯ͱڻˡ
һ˼Ҫ¶ȣͲȻʥϾ¯űյͨʥϾ¯ͷˣĿƣ˵ˣʥϾ¯Ҫˣ
Ȼģ͵ԺͻȻһʹʹһ֮ԭĴǽϵͻȻһ⣬Χԭŵ˲ˣ
ͰͷзһʮԭھȻѵķġ
һϲͻķЧҪȡ⡷еһ׷Ҫǿܶ࣡
ҪǷһ׷֪;ȻһϵЩ̯Ȳ֪ʲô뷨ɱ͵Ķ˰ɡ
ͽҩͶʥϾ¯֮УҩȺͬʱͶ룬ʱǴɣȴԥˡ
ʦƵҩʱ򶼻ȽҩᴿɷĩҺ壬ΪᴿҩľƣеʵҲļ٣֮ǰҲģ֮еϢȴǽҩͶ룬ȻĳʶֱΪ֮мصַΪ
ۣҩʥϾ¯һɲǣ¯ھʹһζͼæȥ˻棬ʥϾ¯ĸһҩֻ֮˲սˣҩڻļûС
ҩĻͬͬʱͶĻҪôսˣҪôǻûڻصĶǴġ
;һΣҩͬʱͶʥϾ¯֮УʥϾ¯ϵĴ뷨
ۣͬ黹Ƿˡ
εҡҡͷȷӴˡ
̫ˣ
һ㶣漴ʶһɨȴûκη֣һ
̫ˣ
ȻֱӴԺдģһ㶣漴еϢһӿֳϸĹۿеݣͷһ֡
һϢپ
ĸֵ˼ȻҪһϢ֮ڴһٵٶȼֱеǿѣҲں˽ͣһϢ֮ڴһٵĻ׷ͻЧЧһĶãҲζͬһʱͿͬҩͬһ¯ڷֳͬĻ򣬶ַƳĵҩƷҪһ㵤ҩõĶ࣡
ͿĶҲ֪ҪһϢ֮ڴһٵǲܵ飬Ⲣһ׷ֻҪһ׷͸ˣ㲻ͬʱƶҩԺҲǴа
ͰͰĽҩһһᴿڵٶһϢ֮ʮһϢپĻкܴһξ룬Ǽʹᴿҩٶȱ֮ǰҪ˽ǰǲ顣
ͰӼصķϱ仯ʥϾ¯ĻûãʥϾ¯оʹҩ㣬һյʥϾ¯ڵҩԽŨʱѾʱˣ˲佫ĻҪǱʦˣ϶Ϊͷˣ˴Ļĵҩ¶Ҫˣ
ȴ˿ңʮ֮һϢʱڣ¶˲½һһ֮ķֺ
ɣʥϾ¯д˳ɵζ̲סЦ


68 Ʒ
ʥϾ¯гʱɫɢŨҩľһ˷ҩʹµʱ䣬ԼƳ˵һ¯ҩѶҲɼһߣϸļƾĲͻĻ¾ٹһҲδܳɹƳһ¯
ϸһ¯һʮҲǴһȻ򵥵ĵҩһ¯ĳҲҩҪ࣬ʮȷеˣҲֻЩʦƳɣлһ˿ĳɷ棬ֻǵһˣһƳ˶ĵҩȷе㺧ˡ
ϸһĻƳô൤ҩҲ֮УƵҩҩҵĸ߼ҩձ鶼һҵҩƣЩҩݲꡣ
ƵҩĻȵػʿҪǿ̫ˡ
ʹõַˣмصϵķȻڶ֪һ׷֣һ׷ȴҪȡ⡷ϵķܶࡣ
ؼʹƳ˴ĵҩ
ʮȫװƿ֮ͻָһԼĵһȻĵҲࡣ
ƾڷͺܿͻָʧͱһͶ뵽ҵ֮С
һµʱȥˣ󺺼ͻδӵػݳԸоȣĻ˷ܣΪһȡķþԽˡ
ºȻûмʯŴ򿪣֮࣬Ҳо㵡
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ºͻ˿ûгؼʱĴ󺺣ǹɸ˾ʧӰ٣ʣµֻĳݺһӵĲ
ʱ䡣˵ϡ֮¡
ǻôʱڵػڵˣ붼ϵĸְֻڣȴôõصӣǵһμ
ػڣѾ뿪һƽĿǰļٸСƿɹÿƿ֮жװʮҲζǺεȾ˵֣
֮֮вÿһ¯ܳٶʱٶʱ߰ʮҲܱ֤ÿһ¯ܳÿʮ¯ҩҪ¯߲ҡ
ʦ֪ոսӴ֮Ĳܰѳʿ߲Ļײǽ˼˰ɡ
͵ΪҲ߲˲㡣
֮вϵظһһٶȾȻмӿ˲٣ƵǣһεͻƾȻʱԼº֪ġ
ٸСƿս֮׼뿪ػҡ
࣡͵׼ʥϾ¯ʱȻ¯й
һ㶣ǵѾʥϾ¯ڵĵҩȫó˰ôеҩ棿
ʹʥϾ¯ĸʱһ𣬾Ȼ˵ػңػҶԡ֮У
䣡ɽڼӰ˲䳯ŵػҷ
ʱѾǰľ󾪴ˣͲ֪ػ֮зʲô顣
أӰ͵˵ϣ
⡭⡭⡭ϣ󺺿˭ʱǰͰ͵밲
ˣ˭ûһۡ
²֪󺺴ʱޱȵľ֣Ѿȫ亹ػǿɽе֮أҪǳ⣬ԴҲҪּˣ
޹˵뿪ػңɱ⣡һ
ôһǳ⣬ػΧ˲һɢػ澹Ȼֻϣϣʹ
Ϸػеٴ˵
һ
һûκ˳
һΣϵѾһɱ⡣
ػеʿҲϵɱ⣬½½˳

ǾͱϷˣһ
ֻϴһػſڵĴʯŻĴˣһ룬ĸȼĵػҵʯž򿪣
һʶɨÿһػңڵĵػͣ
˲СѵҪϷȥ𣿡һ
εҡҡͷζû뵽һҩȻɽ϶ˣƺ߲ƣ
Ϳɥĵ߳˵ػң
ƵĵҩƳлڲɢŽľʵ
͵˵ͷǰҪĻôһҩ͸ǰɣ
һ㶣û뵽СȻʶʱԼ˵ͽöҩ͸Լ
С֪õʲôҩ΢΢̾˿ʵ
˵
ǾǼƷȻģϿմһ
ɫһ䣺ѫ
ϹѵöƷѫЦһ
⼫ƷɽƵģȻǹɽУһ
ͲĿԼöľȻǴ˵еļƷȻõĵҩǴƷʹƷټȻɽһƿƷҲĳǧʯĸ߼ˣԼеľȻƷ֮ϵļƷ
ôֵ콣Ȼһ׳վ˳
ɽׯҲҪһ֣֮һλʿ¡
һػǰȻۼʿʿȻΪԼһƤֱ
λСֵܣ֪ǷԸһԪһڣΪʿѫȻһ
ѫһĸʿһǰȻСܹƳһöƷôδزƳڶöСԼµĻԺûеҩ𣿶ƳƷһһλʦϾƷɲǹ⿿Ƴģһλʦжصķǿɶһ
ȻЩ˶ʿޱȣʦǰǶװӣϾΪԽҪõĵҩҲԽ߼һЩҩϸ򲻵ֻʦæơ
СֵܣֻҪǣ޿ұ֤ҡҡһͷڵޣ޿˰Լ
ڵޣҲɶѱ˵ˣ༸ʿеĶˣϾ߶һͷڵ޵Ļսǿ
ѣɽԸΪṩһԴҲ׳
콣ɵĺ´ͨǱտڲԣ콣ɲɽǰƴ֣ҲɽׯǰӵޣԸɴ಻˵
Ϳ⼸ʿֺһ㿴Լɵĸ̾޳һλ˲ʿЩʿоȻô㣬֮ǰͻڵܷأû뵽ڼҪ


69 ͽ
һλ˲ʿȻλʿԥ׳֦ʵе󣬶⼸λʿҲûвôʲôס
Ϳ⼸ʿЦһλǰǽöҩλǰ˼ĻȥĲҪ
ɽһ㽫öƷ˳⼸ʿɫΪŹ֣ȥɣе㶪ӣɣ±ȥˡ
أص
ѫӭȥμ鳤ϣ
ѫϲ޿˾ǳ˲ӬһӵĿǰˡ
ֻǻԪһڵʯɽĻδػϾΪǾ㲻ʯɽҲ̫ԶʯɽԱߵǸߵĻǾȫһˣɵʯɽҲԶŭüĿߣ
μǰһģЩǿ߶һ
ֻƳ⼸ʿһ漴޷ӦһϲĿͣһʿĿעţ;ûڡ
öƵģƣеǸոձӳȥļƷ
ãȻĵ˵ͷ
ЦЦ˿֮ţ
ʯɽ˵ͷ漴⼸ʿ˱ʦ忴ˣذɣ
ϵֻܴ۵Сۣǲʯɽһ뵽ʯɽǸǶӣ뵽ӵֶξǲӴüĿӣǳȴݶϵʿûһǧҲа˰٣вһЩʿ
֪Ϸ˭ӿЦ
֪ҡҡͷ
Ϸ˳ӣԼַˡϷʮ棬ʮɹʱ䶯ݣ˶ΪϷսǧܹͻƵƿϧ첻Ը֮ϷҲͻơϷ֪޽˼̳²ɱ̾ӵޱȵĲƺλڵĸվͽȥһ㡣
ԸΪϷĵӣ̳Ϸ²ͻȻ˵˶ȵĻ
ʹվߵʯɽҲһȵĿԼλʦ壬֮ǰû˵ҪնԷΪͽ
ϵ˸ǲˣȻ⣬һ֮ȴʮ˵ãʹİٲҲѷλһԪһܹչѸλҲ˺ܴʿҪΪӵͽܣ̳²
۹⼫ߣܾʿ°λ۹޵ӽ쾹ȻҪһɢΪͽ
ǻվʲôҹӿϵһһ
޿ɫһ㬵ЦЦ漴뿪˴˵أ֮һ㲻¶ɼӵжʢ
˵޽߶ôˣ޿̲סԹ
˭֪أòҪʲôȻԼôĶ֪´ͨһ֮ǰġṦΰ̲ס
ˣݾһλʦε̾˿
ϣ޿Ҳ̾˿ݵʦͲֻ֮࣬һλЩʿԭԽѹˡ
˺ܾã΢΢̾˿޶ۣǰһиǰУ
ЦЦϷ˵ԣͿԣ
εЦЦǰ
ѿˣʯɽͻȻʵ
ĳɢޣĸɣԳ
ǵǷݹʦʯɽʵ
ҡҡͷ
ȻʦУǺαؾܾʦ壬ѿ֪һ;УвΪɻңβԪһڣǳ֮ʯɽ˵
ϷѾʱ޶ֻ࣬һʵѡϷ²΢΢̾˿
˵ޱֿȫܲѵļ󣬶ҴһʼӾûжʲôͼ
ҲֻһӰɣ뵽
ȻĶһǵԼ֮пܱĹߣ;һ¡
ڵǻɣһΪͻȻ˵
һ漴ŵĿӣӾȻ¿
Ӿ֪Ϸûв´ˡ㲢һʦеĵλϷô˵ֻҪһʿͲȴһʦ֮ǰ㼸ʿҲ֪ˣҲǵΪϷ򣬵һϷҪԹǲھϷΪڼɵϷЦ
ΪΣһ㶡
ΪǺΪԽǸҪõĵҩĵȼԽߣܹЩҩûмǵϷζгһҪϷ֮ʱͻǧѣЦ
ӵһһ㶣һ֪ʦĵλ֮ߡ
ΣϷĵӣԪһڻȫͻЦ
һ㶣ΪԼˣҪǲܵ飡Ȼڵõ֮ǰӿɲ֪ķڣһŵҪĴۣһλʿΪʿҪķѵԴ˵İٱǧ
ͲɵĵͷԺпϵ͵˵ͷ
ԭɾͽĴ㣬ȴǲ¶Լ¼룬ǻԵɺ֮ȴƵ˷˼֮ϣ˸͵ĸоܺͰүүһ㡣ӵĸо̶ܴ͵뷨
ϲʦѰüͽʯɽЦ
ţȻ飬Ӷʼֲ䲻̬ȣʹǻԪһڵʯɽҲһ
ǵϻɽΪʦ׼ʦ񣡡ʯɽ˵
ʦˣԺΪһͨӺˣӵ˵
ʯɽһ㶣˲ӣˣԼʦκ¶ųǰĻҪٰµ񣬿»Ҫǰ
ѵ֪޽Ը񶼻䣿ʯɽ뵽һ뵽Ԫһڲ֮Ҫʧȥʦʯɽ;еܣܲΪʲôʦ꣬ʧȥʯɽԪһݵӰǰ
ɣӵĽͻȻһ¯ӡ
һ㶣ڷɽееķҪһǲ¯зȥΪģΪˣ
ͻ̤ȥ̤¯ʱҲβסĵľ
;ĵ˵ͷ֪ԼûҴˣĻӻ䶪ȥտڲͽ֮£


70 
¯¯ͲĿӡ
¯ѾϷˡӵ˵ͷ
¯ǿֲηĿӣҲ֪Լʦ¯˶ٵҩڵ¯֮л˿ֲȻ͵ʥϾ¯֮ҲƵǺ¯ȣϺʹ
Ϸܸˣϵ츳ϷҪõĶ࣬Ϸһܼ̳Ϸ²ӻͷ˵
ǰ
ɫһ䣺ǰ
֪󲻺˼ЦЦʦ
ӵɫźһ㡣
ʦһֱһʣΪһ϶Ҿܼ̳²ѲɾΪżȻƳһöƷʵ
ƷȻһԭ򣬲ϷԼ۹⣬һ̤Ϸ¯Ͳ¯ǿֲǶмߵ츳Ļôʶġ˵
ôԼ˼ЦЦԼϸûʲô츳ʹҲû˵ôţԼӿжԼԺǶĹϵˣĹϵˮƽһ·ǡ
ϷϷ֮¯ˣҲû¯ӵ˵
Լһʱ;;Լƺײһ㶫Ǻָܿоʧˣӿŵ¯һɽͷϡ
ںʯɽԼλʦ徹ȻӲɽŴɫʱѿڵԼλʦʲô⣬˼ҸҲһˣʹά޻ɽʯôһҪȥԪһǧʯ
ǿͻƻԪһڵĻɽʱԪһڶʱʿԼķλڵĳ϶Ŀϣеķƴ
ǵǱ־Եĺɫ¯ʱǵӻǳ϶ѡ˳Ĭ˷·ʲôûзһɸ顣
һθҿ˵
ͿΧûҲûеػ
Ϸˣ㻹ûڣҲգϷһֻ֮Ϸɳ˼ʯڵһԵͼ漴һɫĻ˰֮С
˲ͼתһųɫĻڰԵĿ֮¾ȻƽϢ
ˣʼɣӵ˵
ĿɿڴĿһУĳɫ̲ס˿ĭʿı
ͳԵķֳһʶȥɫ𣬳ϵɫȻû˿ķͲϱ仯ŷɫ͵вϵı任̬
ĿеԽԽ࣬ʦĻǻĿƣȻѾ
ʼɣϷɳУ
ʹһҩȻҵģݵҩҲ൱ϡٵģӾȻóҩ֣ɼ֮
Ҳֻһ°ˣ˵ҩҩҲƹһѲ
ͰͰĽҩᴿ㻨һʱ
ܺãȻлвٵʣǶһ˲ʦ˵Ѿ˲ˣϷҲĸãӵ˵ͷ
õӵͬҲǾϢ֮㿪¯ᴿҩִεʥϾ¯֮Уϸ֮ͱȫϵķϵĴʥϾ¯֮Сʱʹ뷨ٶѾﵽһϢ֮ʮĳ̶ˣ
ӿʹ뷨ٶȾȻ֮죬ɵ¶˾ȵɫһϢ֮Ҳֻܴһٶʮ˵ˣ
ӿԼӣԽԽ⣡
ʥϾ¯֮Ѿҩ㣬Ҳʮ־ԽǿʱʧܵļʾԽ
ʱˣ˵
˵仰Ϣ֮ڣʹһ
˲ɫ¶˲ʮ֮һϢڻ䡣
ɣ˿
ֻӴһӣʥϾ¯ĸƮʥϾ¯Ʈ˰
һʮĵ˵ͷ
Ͳ˲ͷĺˮЦЦܵõһʦʮϲá
ȥ·һ׵ۺͷɣԺԪһɢ޵ķװͲٴˡ˵Ӿ뿪ɽ壡
̲סЦһȥ·ҲҪ˵һ¹·ﰡ
ͿŻԪһǧɽͷһʱͷˣ
ֻ֮ܲŷɽڸɽͷһΣʲôԪһڵĵӣ
أڻԪһһεʱѾһȺصʯţ漴һķ֮У֮оȻֳķģ漴ЩĽʧһ̤֮ͨڣ̤ͨһɲʯҲ
һͨྐྵȻҹЩȭͷСҹóȥĻÿһŶֵ𣬵ӵЩҹҲֻˡ
ܿӾߵͨľͷһķʯͻȻһѷ죬漴ѷ콥һ޴óǰ
΢΢̾˿̤֮У֮оȻУ֮ϻ˱ǩĲݣݣѪ֥ҶΡбʿĻһᱻǰҩЩҩѾݾ֮ЩҩƺǴײһڼϣ
ӾǿԼĺһЩҩһЩҩѾһ˿飬ӴеһĸһѪɫ˲Ρ
ӾͽѪɫ˲ΰڻԭӽŴ뼸һӵıȻֳһʯţʯűһ޴ңɫӵĿһۣ漴뿪ңԭ·ء
ת˼Ȧ֮˼Ԫһڵĵӡ
λѣһ¹·ںδ·ɽʵ
⼸Ԫһڵĵһ㶣ɽ֮ϣ
˳ӵָһɽ壬˵ͷл
˭
ʶ
ǻԪһٵĵ֮𣿡
ûаɣ
ɵɽʱһƽλʿۼһƽ֮ǰһ޴ĽȻдš·֡
·ɽ֮ͻȺ֮С
˵һвˮ񰡣
ǰǰ˵ȥҩ԰ÿ¶ʮƷʯأ
Щʿ˵˽·ǸʲôˣһЩʿٹ·зһЩʿɣ֮һʯ
кܶ࣬пҩ԰԰ǴɨɱޣЩĽʮ鵽ʮʯңȻЩʯвʲôЩ֮пǴĿˣ˼Ϊľһõ


71 ɱ
ǰʿŶӣֵ͵ʱѾʱԺˡ
Ѻãͺòһ
Χʿȴǿ׳һ͡
ãȻĿΧЩʿͺǲ⡣
ģһַͷʿмĿ͡͵װͿԿֻһĲĵӰˣȻַװɷװʿȥ
ǣۺͷġǿѹסĵķŭϾոԪһڣɲʲô鷳
ۣûɣ㾹ȻҪۺͷǷʲôЦЦһ
ͷΧĻԪһڵĵӶ̲סЦڻԪһ֮۶˿Ҳֻˡ
һƷʯ彣һƷʯм˵
üͷ壬û뵽һԪһھͱ˸ѹˣȻֻҪ˵ĵطвƽ̲סԵˮ֮иòҲѹ˰ɣ
ͳĬϵı֮ɫˣûʯһߴȥԪһڿɲַ
Ȼļŭͻǿѹ鷳ȴͷòУȻܰͷôʵʱһѵ
ͷΪҲֻŲΪΧЩԪһڵĵӵΪҲ߲ȥΪߵҲֻ߲Ϊû͵Ϊߡ֮Ը˳ЦͿ¾ͷڱ
ͷΪǵķЦһʿͶ֪ɱ˶ˣŲΪ͸ǰҫ
Ƴ˷һۣ漴뿪Ⱥ
ȻͲµǲ˻Ź͡
ţ˭뿪ˣס͡
кָ̣üͷһ忴ͷ
ȻҲǻԪһڵĵӣôͱһЩһݲɼʯҾͽˣָһ޴ʯ˵
ȻҪȥɿʯʿ̲ס͵Цɿģ׬ʯҲٵģֻ͵ù
ЦһͲ˷ɽﳤȥ
ߣˣȻǴ󶯸λгһѻƲӲӵķֱͶȥ
һͨӰˣ˾ˣͲ»Լʲô鷳ϾпɽģȻҲŲΪõµְ
һѾˣͷȻôߣǾ͹ֲˡ
أʳָָһУȻֽס˷ķɽ
ž͵гһ׹⣬ķ˲䱻ϳأ
ʿһŲΪȫһȻûиκεˣʧһѷ
ɫһ䣬Լƺߵһ壬ļ֮вûһĴڣ־ȥ֮󣬷ͳһȻһשͷһĽӲӵĶ
Уֻɫשͷ˲˼ֳ˹
ͲмĿͷĽשȻשƺ˵ȴǿиɣ
أһһĻשа׹һשҲһΪ
һӱԷҲʹѣǸµһߵ壡
Ȼͱˣһ
һâ˲͸˷ļ򣬽Ķ˹·ǽϣֱʱЩʿſâʲôȻһīɫķɵ
ǻŸʲôҰͶǽϵķһ߰һߺ
ǵµʿȴûһҶģǵΪ磬һжǽϣǾ͸͵ĶˣοǺͷĹϵҲûкõҪΪƴĵزΪ˷Լⲻֵ
΢΢̾˿ҵĻǲݰ
ɵǳŷȥģȴ΢΢˷ɵĽǶȣ˷ļ
ˣһҪſеͺ
һͷЦһֶѳɴɵջ֮;ûȤͷˣ
ϬֶΣǷɵҲһ˲õķû´ĻһƷ
벻һԪһ֮лΪʲôǰûӵţ
ʿһŵĵͽʿеı֮ɫʢˡ
ʦѵˣҪͶԷһ£
ĳ޳ܵزʮһĻʸĶ֣ڵʸ񣡡ޱŵ˵
Ҳǣ˭֪ʦһִս뻯֮ͬж֣Աߵʿе
죬Ԫһ֮лǲȱǿߵģջԼʶ૵
Ϊεĺܺãⲻ֪ԼٶڶԷ֮С첻ԼʱֻǵһЦǿǻûǿԴ͵ĵز㲻Ͷ߲İջ죬Ǿĸɵǣɻչ⼸Ʒһʿ˭Ҳұ֤õ͡
ʦǸһⰡȻãҲʦܵҲýʿڵϲϰķ̾˿һȻûɱ˷ȴ˷ľӴԺҲ޷ɣ±ɱ˷ҪܡϾõ˳Խ˵֮ȴ˷ˣɲ˭ܹܵġ
ҲֻܹСӲʶȻʦĵӣʦҲҶ˵ʲôԱߵʿмһȻڵϴķûʲôøС
Ҳùͱǽֻвʿ֪˵ЩͼĵˣʯɽҲû뵽ֻǽԪһһʱͷһϵ
ǵͱӣʯɽҲûͣעʲôˣ֪ʿ˽
ɶ񣬿ɶͣͣһŨɽͷŷĺ
ϢŭϢŭӿʦĵӣǲǲ𰡣һʿȰ
ӣŷ·뵽˿µ嶼̲ס
ѵôŹӣź
ʵҲضŭʦ޽ʮ꣬꣬ضûʦɽСӻʦִãԵʿЦ
꣡һҪ꣡ҲգҾ꣬һҪһ
һɽͷȥԪһڱĲ࣬ɽͷ֮࣬ССɽͷ²ǧҪһɽͷһܼ򵥵顣ڲ֪ϵӣزģ;һطţԺԺ˵


72 һ
ףɽͷλʦ֣ôǵɽͷһһСŮ޲Ŀŵ±ٳһɽ塣
Ҫȥݷһ£СŮ
ҲãŮͬʱ䵽ɽϡ
ϡλʦ־Ȼɽ仧Ů޸Χϡһ˿ɫʡ
λѲ֪кιɣ߳˶Ůޡ
Ůһ㶣ڻԪһھȻ˲ʶ
½ѩ
½
͵˵ͷԭ½ѣ
ŮǳɵˣԼŶˡǶԵȴһ㷴ӦûУ֪ԪһڲŲˣԻԪһڸͲ˽⡣
ͿŮЦЦԭǿ͡λѽһɡ
½ѩ½˵ͷǾȴ֮ˣ
͵Ķª˵Ƕ˵ǶѨ֮оȻһ趼ûС
½ѩ½εЦЦªĶҲĶˣǼª˳׵Ķǻǵһμ
㻹ûһԼأС½˵
ЦЦ͡
ԭѣ֪λʦĸ㣿½ѩЦ
ӣʹӴͳöݸ½ѩ½
ȴ½ѩ½ŮȴǾֵĿ͡
Ӳ֪ðʦŮ޾Ȼ˵ϣ
ͼæ˵
лʦ壡Ůһ
ͿŮһɵӲɵƣΪʲôҪʦ壿
ʦǻԪһڱߵʿʹʦҲҪĽһʦ塣ȻʦĵӣȻҵȵĳ½ѩ͵
͵˵ͷû뵽ʦڻԪһ滹ͦеλġһ뵽Ǹʦ;ͳˣˣʦȻûʦҲǹŽˡ
һֱʱ½ѩ½ע⵽Լе
½ѩ½ɵ̾˿ʦĵӳֹȻͬ졣ԶĽ͵ȫ鹦ϣⲻ֪ЩûаֵĹϵ
ͽҺҰͻȻ洫ӵЦ
ӿ֮ڻб˵ʱʱһֱͺɫĵǲҲԡ
½ѩ½һ飺ʦ棡
ʲôһ
ǡǡǡ
ʦλҵѡε̾˿ԼλʦܲԵ˼Ǽһ
Ŷ
ʦͽˣ͵ͷ˵
ЦЦɱһͷʲô˲ģʲôʱͷĺ̨ҲɱϷŸأ
ΪԼˣ˼ƺû׼
½ѩ½ŮȴһεվһߣӲҲߣȴ˲ĻȻ⻰˵û˿⣬ͺˡ
ˣҲˣһȥѾеĶ׼ˣ˵
͵˵ͷѹ첻Ӱԭ׼
뿪½ѩ½˿ÿ£
Ӵһɹٸɽͷһɽͷ˵ɽͷΪɽͷͷһƳһͨݾȻûκεĽ
ʦĶͲĿӡ
ӵ˵ͷΪʦѾסˣѾиˡҲ뻻طˡ
͵˵ͷԴ˱ʾ⡣
Ͷϵ츳ܸߣԽһ֮ϷὫԼ֮㣬ѧپͿԼ컯ˡӿ˵
͵˵ͷȻ֪ǰλѾʱ޶࣬û뵽ȻѾصزˣһ꣬˵ʵ̫ˡ
͵Ӿ͹ıȽйˣÿӶĸʱͽϵ֪ʶ֮ĸʱԱ߿ʣµĸʱԼ
⻹Ӷһһλڵʦ͵һ·߸ͽʹӶԼλҲмӡ
£һʱ俴ܳҲֻת֮ˡ
һ֮ӵҲԽԽһ˿ӵϡ
ȿȿȣͽûΪʦʧڵ֮Ѿľ߻ΨһȱľΪһºиСǧ֮УҲһȥɡ˵
Сǧ磿
ǸɵĵطһɣдҩһЩҩԼÿʮ꿪һΣµӽӽ͵
͵˵ͷȻû˵Ҳֵ֪ط϶һСľͿСǧ֮СͶԼ㹻ģһ֮ӶĽ̵ɲǰģʵսͶ˳Ľ
ƿҩţؼʱܾһóƿҩ͡
ǣͿƿ֮иһԲĵҩ
Ʒҩ鵤Ѫյ鵤ܹ˲ָĵѪյƣʹ˷öѪյҲܱӵ˵
͵ӿһ˿ůȻһƿҩӸȴҩԡƷҩһƷҩʹҲֻƷҩҩŵϾһۡƿҩ͵ڶ
͵˵ͷƿҩս˴֮С
ࣣӵͻȻðһŻ棬漴һŻ͵ڣ
һ㶣漴һŻ澹Ȼĵ֮Уڵ֮ת
ͽΪޣ޷ΪʦڣӴ֮˵
ʦû°ɣʱӵɫѾޱȵĲ԰ףѾʴ
޷ĴһˣģΪʦˣΪʦһûô׾ͶЦЦ
Ӳ԰׵ɫ⻰һ㶼û˵ʱӸͲһڵĳֶһˣӵ廹˲ãǽһ͵֮˵ֱһ֪ӻˣ
ʦҪİͳڳһ֮ӵɫźÿһ㡣
ͽмǣն񣬼ʹͬҲɾţмǣмǣ˵
ţͽǣ͵˵ͷ
ӵ˵ͷȥɣ
ȥıӰ΢΢̾˿Ϸ֪ʱ޶࣬ҲҪ׼ˣԪһϷ˿ɲ


73 ̨
ʦҲֻ֧һˣ΢΢̾˿
һӶͿνڣʦͽ͵У˵֮ǰֻԵˮĻôӣ
Լ֮΢΢ĳɫͿɬЦˣŻӵı𰡣ʿı֮ȵػҪǿ֡
Ҳ֪ӻ˶ٹŽԼıֲ͵ڣһųɫĻ˿û˺͵˼
һɫĻ˳һųɫĻ͵ϲţ
һϲԼȻĿԿһŻ棬ֻʿյıʱȴһֻ˲ʿУ
أͽеĳɫ˳ȥֻСȴһƬըɣϵڻҺ壡
ʿıȻͬ죡͸̾
ףʦ壡ͻȻ˾
½ѩһ㶡
½ѩμʦ塣½ѩһ
ͿЦһɡ
лʦ壡½ѩ˵
εҡҡͷȻ𾴵ĸоǱһԼͲ˽ʦͻǾùֵֹġ
½ѩôԼΪԼʦԼûʦɽĻ½ѩʮΪҲδػۿԼˡ
ʦ׼ȥμŴȣ½ѩʵ
Ŵȣʲôһ㶡
½ѩɫĿͣǿǵ͵½ѩҲҶ˵ʲôŴΪСǧ֮ѡεӾеģΪϵĻԪһڵӶɲμӡ
Сǧ磡һ֮ǰҲ˵ҪͽСǧһ
֪ҿɷμӣʵ
ʦ˲ΪȻԲμӣ½ѩ˵ͷ
ЦЦ
½ѩһԵڵأʦҲ̫һɣŶһˣȻҲ֪
Ϳ½ѩɫֻεʼ򣺡ʦһֱڽ֮һ꼸û뿪ʦɽ壬Զ֮ڵҲô˽⡣
½ѩĽĿͣܵõʦĽ̵ɷˡ
𣿡һ뵽һӵĽ̵ͲɵĴһս
ɵӴʦǰȥɡ½ѩһЦ
ˡ͵˵ͷ
½֪ԪһЩӱȽϳɫ͸½ѩʵ
½ѩһ᣺Ԫһ֮˲żüãɫȴֻˣ
ˣȤ
ϯо죬ģİѪģ½ѩ֡
˺ǿ𣿡ʵ
ţϯ˵޵֡һ˵½ѩоһ˿Īɡ
ͲûмǾˮСӻ϶鿴ġ
޵֣¶˹Цݡ
أأûԶ˾ҵıը
ǰˣе̨棡½ѩָԶһƵɽ˵
Ϳɽ˵ͷûܸܵŨʹǺڲҲѷɫǻԪһڵ壬ٶȿһ࣬Ҳѹ֮иֱͲһ
أ½ѩĴ߽壬ʱĹ㳡Ѿһ̨̨ΧзػһԶʿ̨֮ƴɱ
ЩʿĶͲɵĵͷɵӹȻɢܱ⣬ʹĵҲСӣսҪ߲ɢǿһ㡣
ʦ壬ˣϻбء½ѩ˵
͵˵ͷ
أһʿ̨ѪΪأѾ˵˷θ
̫ˣ΢΢̾˿ֻͬű䣬Էزеˡ
˭˭һϸ£̨ϴһѪɫĵ۵ʿЦ
קʲôקбȥǰʮŵ̨һʮʿȻܵʮź̨ҫµʿ˽
̨к֮𣿡ʵ
ҲвƽԱߵʿϲĽ
Ҳ̨֪ôˣԪһһʮ̨ǰʮ̨϶ӢӸռˣЩӢʵǿޱȣͨӸӲ˺ãʮ̨ѹ˺ֻܶ࣬Ҫ̨ʮʿ͵õСǧ
ϸոյһѾӮ˾ųһܻһûսĻԶ
һᣬСǧ֮ԼҲҪμӣȻΪԼ׼ʲôôֻд̨һ·ˡ
ò˵ӳеʦ֮⣬ĸϸ
ս㣡ͻ̨
˲㡣һ۾Ϳ͵Ϊмһ
˲㣬˲ҲȥѵûпոǸʿŲ㰡Ǳɵˡ
µʿ˲ը˹
Сӣһʱ֮죬˲ΪҵĶ֣Ȱ㻹ǿȥɡЦ
͵һЦʦִͽ̡
һ˿ŭ˲ӿãȻ㲻ʶôͱˣ
أһСĻǰը
ͨĻزȻӡа˵Ż͵ָˡ
һʹ
ֻһһ˲䵲Լǰס˻ըನ
ǿҲȻסĻ
ʲôʮʿ϶ɱУ
һ𽣷ʽһ
һɫĽâ˲ܻХ
ɵӣʵɢ޼ֱ֮𣡡΢΢̾˿âѾܹסˡ
أһָɫĽâָܵĹâͷһ١
Ҫ÷˵
Сӣŭĺжû˲ʿϺݺһơ
һ𽣷ʽһɫĽâһâȻûϻֱͶ
ɫһ䣬һѾ㹻вˣ
նʹһ
أâ˲ײһ
ܣ
ۣһѪ̨
֡һֱԱֵʿ˵
ʤߡʿ˿͡
͡
ʤͣʿ
ͣ
ͣ
ʿͬʱɵɵĿվֻ̨˲ͣƺʲô˼һ㡣
ʦͽܣ⼸ʿͬʱ⡣
Ȼͽ鲢ûдʿ֮ȴʲôܣЩʿԼĵӻǺ󱲣ͷͻϾǲ
˭Ҳû뵽յͽܵΪȻֻ˲㣡


74 Ѫ
̨µĻԪһڵĵӶĿվ̨ϵͣǸûпλġֻǿͺӲƴһУȻ͵˳ȥ
ĺ׻˾Բ֮
ǰûĴڰ
һʱ̨֮۷׷ס
һͣ赭дľͽܣʦѧ˲ٶ½;˾˵
첻ŵĿͣԼûԼǫ̂档
ոҵһ𽣷ʽնӲƴһ£ǵȷҵһ𽣷ʽʤˣΪʲôң첻ʣģۿԼӮһͿԻСǧȴ̨Ҷֻֻһ˲ʿ
ҲҲף
컹ȥѾˣĿ֮£ף̨ʿüͷһ塣
ոҵһ𽣷ѹնֵȴңⲻʲôڹȼǺˡ
̨ʿɫһ䣬ͬ˵ô׵ɾͺܴˣ̨ɴС
ûжֻͣһīɫķɵڷɵĵ֮ϻšǡ֡
̨ʿеĶ֮˵ͷʤͣ
ܣǲҲˣʿ
λʿϵɱһ죬㲻Ҫ̫ˣվѾˣ
ߣ˵ôǱˣ
㡭
ҡҡͷһâ˲ؿڣ
ڳʿȻûһӦģȵǷӦ֮ʱѾ̽ؿڡ
㡭ɫ԰׵ĿͣеľҲβס
ջ˶ǣֵؿھȻûһ˿Ѫ
ԭǱŵģ֪˭˵˳ΧʿЦ
ҵţҧ˵
ƷʦôֱʣȺ֮е½͵Ķ֮ͫһ
ѪģѪģ߹ˣΧʿѸٸѪÿһ·
͵ߺѪĽӴһɲǾ̲סüͷѪĵΪǿ
ͣѪĻ̨
һ漴˵ͷѪõǴܵķţܹ֮
ʦĸͽˣƷѹܻ졣Ѫĵ˵
üͷһ壬Ѫ仰ǻлΪԼܹ쿿ľƷ֮
ˡûѧֹȻҲѪֵز
ȻʦͽҾڴ˽һʦ塣֪ʦǷԸһѪĵ˵
һ㶣½ѩ˵ѪǻԪһǿ֮һһΪɲ⣬ʹҲ˵бʤİգѪԼǿʿʹԲҲܺѪᲢۡ
һѪľǿֵزǺų޵ֵĽǿ˺ֵز뵽
ɣѪʦƺҪһϸ£
ܣѪʦǰѾʮڵʿˣѪʦֲԽݺһ˲ʿԴ򡣡
㿴ѪʦϵѪԽԽŨˣҪֵǰװ
սǲսʦ壡Ѫĵ΢΢̣ƺڳЦ͵ıܶս
üͷѪĿսûһôĿֻǻһСǧɲ˵Ӣеһ
ҺʧҲһͨˣѪΧѪ˲ʧ̨
ѪĵĹľٶֻεʼҲ֪Ѫǲеûŵת˵һͨű߼ʵĻ뿪ˡ
Σ
ͨû˿ʵĵطһжʦˡѪҡҡͷ
ʦΨһͽܣǼ̳ʦ²֮ˣôͨ΢΢̾˿
ѪĲмĿ˿̨Ϻ˶ͣ˲ʿ
أָͬʱ˶ԷԷ̨
ʤʮʤʿ˵
̲סһһʱǽʮˣ˵һõ˷֮ļͶɻʤһЩķ͵Ҳӳ˲׵ʵ
̨֮վȥ˵սЩ˵³ǱܹӮʮʤʿ֮٣һЩӢȴֱһСǧ硣
īɫЦЦǽСǧһ֮ƾͿɵ֮⼯ϡ
еôĻԪһڸͲںʵ˽СǧǾһȻЩҲţԪһصһӢӶǧͨӡ
ɣҸطһ¡뵽
ʦ壡ȵң½ͻȻȺ˳
½£һ㶡
½ЦЦʦȻҲһơ
ͲɵƣѾͷڿػ
ҽסòΪ˵ɣͷ˷ۡ
ǸǸǸ㻹ûС˵½ԽԽСԼ˵Щʲô
˵ʲô͵Ѿ˺ߡ
һε㻹𣿡½˵˳
аҪ㣡ͺԥĴӴ֮ͳһöŵ½С
½һ㶣û뵽;Ȼô󷽣˵͸
ʦ壬֪ǰ𣿡½Ĵ۾һĶ͡
֪ôˣ͵˵ͷ
ʦʦãóôࡣ½һĽ˵
пһ£Ȼ⣬Ƕ˵൱ĺԼԥó׾˵Ļɣ½ЩԶӣȻͻ治ý͡
ʹ˸Щ
ʦ壬òҪѪĳϹϵ˺Σգ½һ˵
ΣգΣһ㶡
½˿Χȷûбʿ֮ŷģǽҹģѪΪӢ֮һһΪɲ⣬Ĺǹ죬˵ܹնԷѪҺŨѪ˵ҲôġòҪκεĹϵ
ѵħһ㶡
ʦǶԴ˶û˵ʲôҲʲôħеˡ½ҡҡͷ
ЦЦлл㣡
أ½˵
Ȼ㣬ö͵ҵлɣִӴ֮ͳö
󷽣½ϲ̵Ľӹöһһ뿪ˡ
ѪģòҪʲô˼ȻҲǺǵģһ
ΪͱȲѪģսδػѪĲ٣ٲҲܱסһ


75 ս
ಣһݹ͵ɽͷɹ
ô£ʿôôͿŶ治Ķݹҡҡͷ
ǳ̨Ѿȥˣһ˵ɽͷסĴҲںЩɽͷǷŨ
ǣ֮ǰ߾ʿ࣬⼸Ǵﵽ˶壬ҲЩʿͻȻ붴Լܡ
ȥʲô£뷨һ;Ҳ̲סˡ
ಣ˻ƽΪһʧʡ
ʦ֣һɱһͷһƷ޼ӦһüǮɣһԪһڵĵЦ
ΪһƷޣϵ̿ƷѪҲ;عӦһʯȻ˵
һʯҲˣһ²๻һ֮ˡ¶һ˿Цݡ
Щͨ˵һܹõʮʯѾܲˣÿ¶ᷢ¶ʮʯģЩͨһҲܵõʮʯɢһ²ŵõʮʯǵҪõĶࡣ
ѣ׼ȥУ
ͻȻԱð˳˸
漴һĿ͡
˵Ľ䱸ֻεЦЦѱᣬҲǻԪһڵˡ
Ȼ˷ۣϻҲ֪ǻԪһڵĵӣͻȻ߸ʲô
ܹ֪ĳǵΧȻɻȻûвκε쳣
ֻһ£⼸кܶӶһߣ﷢ʲô𣿡ʵ
ȻüͷѲ֪
ͷ˷ۣ룺֪Ҫ㣿
͵˵ͷ
ȻеľʢڻԪһ֮ô֪ܲ
ǱͨԷٰķУǶǱ߻ͨޡȻ˵
ŶﾹȻзУһϲ
ȻǾ͸ˣȻ˵һߵʿΪݹ⡣
ĻأЦЦҲΪһݹʧʡ
ֻҪƷʯ
ƷƽֻҪİʮʯ
Ͳ׵ķ֮Ʒļ۸Ҫһ㣬ʯľֻƷʯƽҲֻҪһʮʯ
һҲϾǻԪһڣɵӵĴҪɢ޺õö࣬õ͵ҩĻҲҪĶ࣬Щ͵ҩļ۸ȻҲҪһ㣬׬Ǯеʹһǻе׬
ڽ֮ǰͼԼϵʯȫ˵ҩͷԵˮҲʹûжʯŴдĵҩͱ˰̯ͷ
һطеĵҩһƿƿİ˵ϣһ֮йƾͲڰƿֵҩشͻԪ֮Ҳ˲٣شͻԪĳʱȾҪ͵Ķ࣬һ¯ҲƳʮ
֮ͻ˲ƫŵĵҩʲôĵڵ֮ĶҲ֪ǴıߵõЩģЩҩûͲ㽫ЩҩۣЩƫŵҩȻֻһƷҩȴѵףʹҲֻܱ֤ɵĳɹʣڳʸףһ¯ҲƳˡ
һľơĿƷʯشʮƷʯԪʮƷʯ
͵ļ۸񲻽Ҫͣеļ۸Ҫϲ١
̯ܿλǰ;ۼ˴ʿЩʿɵĿŵϵҩƿȻеĵҩʾɡ
Ǿһʿʵ
ԴЦЦ
õ͵ʿοƿƿһŨҩʿһ
ĳɫƺҪһ㡣ʿ૵
ĿƷʯһƿЦЦ
ãʮƿʿˬĴӴͳʮƷʯ
ȻʿͷȻͺðˣɵӵҹȻɢ޿Ա⣬ȻЩֻͨӣϻ϶ʯǸرġ
תۼͰڵϵһٶƿһգҲİٿʯˣͲò̾Ȼ׬Ǯе
Ԫ벻ﻹлԪͻȻ
̧ͷһ˾Ȼ½ѩ
½ѩ½ʿͻǺкøеģ½ѩԼҪСѪģ˺֮ľ롣
ЦЦΪʲôͲлԪأ
½ѩСͻȻǵͨ졣
ԪͻشﶼУҪĻҿһ㡣ЦЦ
ʦĹŵӣЩҩ˵ʲô⣡½ѩһЦ
ЦЦ˵ôɣһŴѧʣڲŸոŰˡ
ҾҪƿɣһƿԪһƿشʯ½ѩƿҩ
ˣҲʶһƿҩ͸ˡЦ
͸ҡ½ѩһ㶡ƿҩļֵһʯϣ;Ȼԥ˳ȥ
вУ̫ˣһǸʯɡ½ѩæҡҡͷ
ռʦӵıˣûӡ
ҶһεлɡЦЦ
½ʦãԭһѪµѪͻȻð˳
ͫһû뵽Ѫˣ
ŶⲻʦôҲ̯ˣѪϷʵĿ͡
ʦ֣½ѩһ˿졣
½ʦãʦոոһҾⷨͦʺģԾù㡣Ѫóһ֧˵
̫ˣʦʵǳܲ𣡡½ѩһ
ʦﻰһ֧ȵʦأѪЦ
ɵҲ֪ѪĶ½ѩ˼ϧ½ѩƺѪġ
Ѫѣǲǿġ̾˿˵
ʲôҽһʦ㻹İ㵱ˣѪĵͻȻһѪ͡
ʦ壡½ѩһ
½ʦãϧ½ʦúαعѪһ
Ѫ̫ˣ½ѩɫһ
ҵĻѪ󷨣㲻ΪҲˣҿһκԣѪһ
ʵһʼͶ½ѩ½ѩͽ̸ʱѾɱģʹӵͽΣһҪײĵͷѲɻԪһڲɣ
أһâԤ׵ĳѪģ
ѪһһѪɫĹâУֻһâٶ˲併
ûӣѪĲмĿȫѪ͡
ѪģһҲβԼɱ⣡
Ǻþûֻˣ㵽ʲôʵɱأѪЦһ
͵΢΢̣¶Цݣ


76 ѪѪħ
ΧĻԪһڵĵҲһɢѪĵѾӡǵУΨ꼰㡣
ʦ壬Ѫʦ֣ס֣ǻԪһڰ˽İ½ѩе
½ѩȰѪֻ΢΢һЦʦҲ̨
һ̨ˣˣ
Ѫһ˿ɱãããʦ壬
ͣ
ͣ
͵ϺԤ׵ĳѪ
Ѫ˲̽͵֮к͵ѪҺΪһ塣
Ѫ󷨣ǻѪ󷨣ʦҪСİ½ѩ˳
½ѩȻ˹СӣǼᶨѪĻɱ͵ľģ
üͷѪ֮岢ûгʲô쳣ɲ浽ΪѪֻǵĺÿ
ǣеĶǷɵ˲仯ΪһâѪġ
ƷȷǺһ˵ĻҲҪ֣ϵȴңѪһ
Ѫ£ѪĴһ
ѪĵͻȻðһŻѪϢѪĵѪһĺɫһͬѪҺһѪı棬γһѪɫףѪɫ׵Ѫķ·Ǵӵ֮߳ħһ㡣
͵ĶǷɵͬѪҺһϾȻ˽ཻԶǷɵȻҲֻһǳǳĺۼ;ȵһϸСĺۼת֮ʧˡ
ϣ̲ס
ʦ壬ֻġѪ񾭡еһͨˣα˾ȣѪĲмĿ͡
ѪһﾹȻ˳Ѫ£ǷɱͲˣԶһˮɫ۵Ůĵ̾˿
Ůͷɴ޷ݣǰˮɫ毺õȴ޵룬ŮһĪʹҪ׽
ôʦҲе˼һüĿ΢΢һЦ
ʦֵԽĻῪЦأŮӿЦ
˾ȻӢ֮еĺͽӢΨһŮԣ֮ǿߣų޵֣˾Ȼһ߹ۿѪĺ͵ľһ㶼ûҪֵ˼
ʦΪ˭ӮأЦ
ʦܵġѪ񾭡ĺܣ湦취ʹҲҪһֽšһʦܸǶ˳ѪһС֮ͨͬж˴Ѫ£˵һ˲ʿ˵
ʦֺܲʦ尡ɲҪʦĹŵӰ˵ʦʲôɱء˵
ǿɱҲҪӦΪ֧ţ˲ΪҪʦܣ⼸ǲܵ飡ҡҡͷ
أ͵һðѪ漴֮СսѾ˽ʮѪ
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ѹ½ѩ˵ѪĹĺܣ⡶Ѫ񾭡Ȼ죬Ȼ޷а̾һ
ѪĿ;ǿһʬһ㣬ʱڱ˿ȻѪĿȴѾǰˣ
ʱ͵澭֮жһѪɫСЩѪǱѪ񾭡ʿ޷ЩѪ
ڵѪǲģֻ澭ȫһѪɣѪ
ˣ΢΢̾˿
ѪĽֵȻ֪ѪĵֶΣʮѪʱ͵ѾѪĵˣѪĵһ֮䡣ѪĽֽڵʮѪֵʱѪģڵʮѪȫ飬ʤͲͻ¡
ʦǲҪȥֹһ£Ԫһڵĳ̲סʵʱɫĿ£ʹǵΪվӵ߶ûš
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ѪĵġѪ񾭡ˣʦܳʲôⰡ
ˣֻ֤ԵҪ˭ҲҾͷ˭ߵ
ڵĳӣӿ˵һùĳϾΪӱӷΪӽɽ֮Уǿɲڶ
仰˵ӶںͽܵϹʲôأ
ʮĶ䣡Ѫĵͬħһ㣬͵һðһѪ
һ䣬ʦڹҿͷĻҲһ󷢴ȱŹ㣡ѪЦ
仰ԭⲻĻ㣬ֻҪͷһүүҲͷŹ㣡Цһ
ߣ֪ʮ䣡Ѫ
ɲǼ͵һѪ֮ǰʧʮĶѪȫ˳ʮѪֲ͵澭֮ϣ
ֻҪһЩѪͻᱬըըԽըɷĩѪ촽
أһѪͻȻ͵ĵ˳ȥһͷڵϡ
أһը͵ֱ۱ըѪģ
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һʮըݵֻһ̲ѪҺ;Ȼըʬ޴棡
ˣ΢΢̾˿Ȼϵͻܣʬ޴епᡣ
ʦ壬ʦڰʿæȰ
Ƴ⼸ʦֶһۣǻʿȥˣ
ʿһ㶣û⻰ʲô˼
ͣһͻȻ̴ѪĵĳѪ£
ڳɽ˸ɫĵ绡͵ӰҲĳѪĵı
ǡѪ񾭡еͨȻǾĸ޷ȫ̴΢΢̾˿һȻ˳Ѫ£ǲûд̴ࡣ
㡭ѪļֵԼ۾ԼѪоȻ
ʵҲ˵Ǻ𣬴ʱ͵ɫޱȵĲ԰ףͶ֮ʱеһƴ
ˣ˵
䣿һû䣡Ѫĺ
ͨͻȻȥ
ˣˣѪɱ¶гһѪһĿ͵ࡣ
أڽҪͺһɲѪıһɾƷɣײһʯ֪֮
ӽԲѵͱ֮ûѪһۣ·Ӣӵиֵһһ㡣
ͳһƿҩ͵УͲ԰ֽҡҡͷʲôĹȻҪ֮ľѪ
ͻԹȥԭǾѪĹࡣ
ͺѪĽսʱ;;ѪĵĹʶֱѪĶóѪµʱͲ֪⡶Ѫ񾭡ǡѪħ
֪ѪħĿֲһʼھۼ˴ľѪաѪħϵĹתڵľѪԼγһ㣬סʮѪ
ʮѪ澭бĻ;㲻ҲҪķˡ


77 ı
ͿϤεĿЦʹҲ뵽ѪħеĹȻ˵İԵȻʮѪ⣬ʧȥ˴ľѪʹ弸
ѪĵġѪ񾭡Ǻƣ⡶Ѫ񾭡ԼеġѪħһģһֻǽָһ°ˣͲϸĶѪħϲ
ˣӿ͵˵
ʦͼæʧȥ˴ѪܹסһѾˣʱ
ˣʦͽ֮αںЩ˴˴ľѪûиµѸԭһ֮Сǧ֮Ҳȥˡ΢΢̾˿˵
ͿЦһ˭Ҳû뵽ݱӰɣͶСǧ֮ǺģϾСǧ֮дѾҩСǧ֮оͿԵõЩҩƾ;ͿԵõҩ
ֻϧһжźѪĵһսˣܱסһѾȫˣһпܴȥ
һܳĵһսΣӵ˵
һ֮˵֡
һ㶣û뵽ͻ˵仰ôˣ
ѪΪҸߣġѪ񾭡ǹĪ⣬ͷβҶѹţеĻڽսһɲǾѾˡ˵
ѪĵġѪ񾭡ȷǹǳʹϷҲǵһμʶ˹Ĺ˼ĵ˵ͷ
ѪħѪ񾭡ѵѪĺħйϵа
еġѪħնɱħ֮䴢֮ãö֮иһʿʶأʶʿĻ˵õѪħ֮еĹڽһɲǾͻɢˣ
Щʿ˵ħ컹ħСӣϲŻСѪħָ߼ѪǴõأ
ͻȻԺһµ뷨ѪҲħŵˣ
ԽԽԼĲ²ȷģѪħĪɱ⣬⼸֮͵Ĳɵһ
ħص֮ʹٶϹﶼ֪ѪħĹֲɿ²ȵԪһںһ㡣
ľΪӢ֮һѪľȻħǧ˿ƵĹϵȻһжֻ͵Ĳ²⣬һ²ʵĻԺӿ¶ҪѪĵļ֮ˣټѪµԿûкӹ
Ȼ͵ıһɽ˭֪Ӵѽʱ޶࣬һѪǱض֣µʱȫʬ
ԽԽ£֪Ѿųһ亹
УԴУк
ͶѪ䲻ܲľѪȴԴٽѪҺѭپѪĲȥкô
͵˵ͷⲹѪȻֻǶƷҩѶߣһû˻ȥֵҩϻֺĵҩȻΪƵġ
ŵҩϵ£·һɹůӿ͵塣
ʦʵ˵
ЦЦͷӾͲˣԼɡ
ֻʣһ˵ʱһѪģ
ࣣʱѪĽһ֮Уڴ֮оȻȫʺѪҺЩѪҺϵıѪȻڶŻѪζ
ϲȻҵĻѪ󷨣Ѫ۾ޱĺ
ĶһҪסڵ㲻ӵĶ֣Ѿǽ֮ˣһ˶֮оȻëȻ
ѵҪġѪħȥҪָҪһ£һ֮Сǧ֮Уκͽһϸ£Ѫĺ
޷Щһ᲻ϵɱʿǵѪҺȡЩʿѪҺֻ¾ȫԭ
Ѫŵ˵ͷ⼸һὫɽ嶼
ס͵СѪħɱѪħҪǻ˿ѪħĻһɱһɱһ˫ħŵصԲ֣֮
ףΪСҲһɱͣѪ¶˺˵Ŀ⣡
͵Ĳ²⾹ȻˣѪĲħйϵħĶӣɱħֳ
ļ֮ѪڵѪѪ죬ʹԶڼ֮ⶼܸܵǿҵѪ֮ѪıŲͣʹһЩǵĵҲȥֻ뿪ԭԼĵط㿪ŻѪζ
һЩӢӶԴѾǼֲˣǶѪġѪ񾭡Ĺ죬Ȼ쵫ǵҲѪĵ磡
ʱѪĴ֮еѪҺѾճ˲˼ĵزЩѪҺڲϵķڣЩѪҺע֮ѪĵҲѪȵĺɫ
أͻȻըѪһ˿˷ܣȫԭˣһо
ġѪħоɱôʿǿֲһ
֮ҲֻǵϣѪĲм˵
˵úãҵĶӾӦµ߷緶֮Сǧ֮ҪûԪһڵĴӢӾ콣ɵһҲˣɽׯЩҲҽˣҪ⼸ɾ󣡡
Ѫĵ˵ͷ˽е鷳вϰˣ
ãҾͿһ֮ıˣ
ѪĿⲼѪǽЦЦȽϺÿ
ͶָٶǳΪʦԤϣʮ쾹ȻˣӾ̾˵
ЦЦǶʦĲѪĹͣ
ҲοʦʦĲѪȻ浫Ҳ˿ĸԭһ˿â
ܹ˶̵ʱڽľѪʳҩ֮ϳɾӲûеƣԼͽܲ˵Ȼһ֮Ҳûôĺġ
Сǧ֮ڱصãҲҪѪĺúõһˣߵ
Ŀ֮ܽԼĵȫչֳСǧ֮оȫһˣԼɱѪҲ֪µûдĻѪҲڿСǧ֮иɵԼ
ǷɻƷޣڵһѪĳԲ˶ߡ
֮һ޵˫ҲѾǲۼ׻еȱȫѾˡ
ǿֲսĽѪԶСǧ֮С
͵ĿͻȻ䵽˴еö͸¶Ѫ΢΢̣


78 Լ
ͽ׼𣿡ӿԾԾԵЦ
ͽѾ׼׵Сǧһͽʮ㣡Ц
ӵ˵ͷֻ¯һγ˽¡
ͻȻһֲõԤУȻЦеĿͣһѾ̫ˣÿһγ񶼲ʲô顣
ɣЦе˵
͵ϳͲܲ¯̫ˣ
Ӻһҿ˭Ц
ͷ˷ۣǱǲЦȴЦˡ˵ʦٲҲӦŪôһ¯ε̫ˣ
СӣôĻҽֱӴȥСǧ磡Ӳͷ˵
ô˵͸ոҽ˲˻һҲȥӡ
ʲôЦڻԪһ֮ھѾ˵ģڸҪȥͶ飡
ʦһȥ弯ϱȽϺãŴ󲿶߱ȽаȫСӺ˵
һȥ弯ϵĶһЩĵӣΪЩӻΪСǧеĶ޴
һ㶣ѵμСǧĵӻε𣿡
ϻԪһ֮ڵЩӢѾСǧˣĻЩͨһһӲм˵
ҪҪȻ˺ϷҾͲˣߵ
ҪԼķзɣͷʦ
͵ĻûнͱѾȵĲͷӵ˺¯ϣ漴ͻΪһڹʧʣ
ΨͷȻǿѹֻͣùԹԵվں¯ƾɳ۳ң
ʦжԶʱ̲֮סʵ
ĸʱҲܵأҪڵٶȿûǱ뵽ˣһ
εķ˷ۣʦô뵽ҪһȥСǧģ
Ѫ֮ǰ뵽ߣ˵
ͳĬһ뵽ͬԼүүһ˲֮Ҫ;Ͳôܡ
ౣһֻ˶ĺڵ񸩳ĿӺͣ
Ʒ޽ںڵ񣡡̲ס˳
ںڵ񣬿еߣӲԴ̴ߵķ
֪ֻһһųɫĻûһֻ˵ӣ˲佫ںڵɣ
ౣںڵڻвϵķͼϵĻ𣬵ʿıô׾ģͷƷ޾ûϢ
֮һͷƷޣֱһ̲չʾԶʿʵ
ʦıʵ̫ǿˣ̾
ߣһͷСˣûʲôֵø˵ġʿǿҲֻʿʹ˵еĽᵤʿԶҡҡͷ
͵˵ͷ֪ʦһźԵᵤ
쵽ˣѵ
ȻڵϿСڵ㡣
ףһξȻӴӣµʿͻȻɵ˵
ӣɣ˵ô˼һΣһ״̲סʵ
ⲻݳӻŸ¯߻˭ôûƷһֳȵ˵
ӣҲ֪һ˭ùˣ״̲סӡ
ѲɻԪһһӴӣûʲô˰
أЩʿ֮ӵĴ¯Ѿݺݵ˵֮ϣ
ȿȿȣʦͲһ½𣿡̳ǺԹ
ѣʮ겻ɰЦ
һ콣ɵĳϣһСӣʵͺҲ˶٣Ҳһˡ
ͣߵļʿҲ̲סЦ˳ܱ˵ĿҲҲڶˡ
εЦЦλ¾ѵĸͽ˰ɣԭ÷зģͽܵΪ
״󺺲ɵҡҡͷѵͽҲһټŰɣô˵ͨ
Ҳ֪ʿ֮ǰʲôڣһ䳰ȷģìͷȫָ֮ͣۻ軨顣
սҲҺϷģЦеĿˡ
ε̾˿ӿ϶뵽ʲô
ģһ뵽ս˾ͲԼͬĴһսƺԹСĿ
Ϸʱ޶࣬ҲһζԼͲӮϷһΣЦ
ʲôһҡ
ͶһСǧ֮˭õҩ࣬󣡡˵
ã¸򰡣Ϸˣս
ȻһζԼôͷͱһ㣬ϷʮƷҩʮѪյʮ鵤ĵ񵤣ټһƷ׳ƿ
ӵĴֱҲڳļʿסˣһѪյһ֮˻ָ鵤˲ָһʿĵܹħ°빦׳ʿʶЩƷҩмУܹƳЩƷҩҲֻӺͰٲŵһλˣܹóôƷҩĿҲֻһλˣ
Ѷı󰡣òӦƷεҡҡͷ
УϷҪϵһ˵
ɫһ䣺㾹ȻҪҵ񽣣У
սɽׯ޻ԵѰɡӿս˵
УսҲһڻؾӡ
ƺżһεĶԼֻ֮䣬Ҳ˵ԪһڵĵӲڣҵĵӲܻõһĻ䣬ÿһ˶ܵõʮƷҩ
սԼˣһ˲ʿȥ
Ԫһ֮һֱ죬Ѫ֮ÿһǺȵģʹ콣ܹȼҲֻһ˰ˣɽׯһûУɽׯҲ̫Զ
ǺЩȵĻҲǻҪɵ֣ǺͱȵĻɳһӶѹһͷȻ֪ôģսǵ˵ͷ
ãˣ
㰡
˶ͬԼӵ˵ͷͶһξͿģΪʦ֪˲ٵĶһͽĵȫȻΪʦҪҵˣΪʦŹ㣡
ͷ˷ۣûʦôвͽܵġͶôİ
ȻϾڿΪʦıأΪʦҲĥ˼ʮܽԼıֲ֮УΨһȱһһ㣬Ҳ㹻ӦһСǧ֮ˡϸ˵
˿ԭָͻΪԼֶȫ֪ء
ȻʦôңͽܵȻҲҪŬˡЦЦ


79 
֮ɵĵӶ½½ĲˣԪһڵԽΪ׵ľӢҲһǰԭЩͻҪĵӿ;Ȼǵǰ棡͵ǺʶȤûжʡ
μСǧ֮еѾĲˣǽźʹȺիʿȴʼղӰ
ͻȻ͸еΧһɧƺʲô鷢ˣ
̲ס̧ͷ
ܵͬȫŲӣһȥҲ˳Ŀȥ
ֻεϣ˼Ĺâ˸ĴƬ֮󣬾Ͷһĺڵ
ںڵǵ·ƺڵǾǳЩǹ⣬
澰ɧĸˡ
ȺիĵҲˡϵҡ˵
ھͲˣ״󺺱Թ
Сǧ죬ȺիãȻѹŵڽŵڶûӰ
ЩڵԽԽ˲ſ徹ȻһɫŮޣЩŮ޽ۣͷΣ̤籣˼ӣ
ѣ޵ѣСˣͷŮ΢΢Ц
Ů޲Ǳˣйһ֮ԵĹ㺮ӣ겻㺮ԽˡһЩֱֱĿŹ㺮ӣ·Ҫѹ㺮ӻ̽ȥһ롣
ӵУⲻ֪Ѿ˺üˣ˵
㺮΢΢һЦȺիΪٶȻܺʹ콣ɺɽׯȣСóٵҲпԭ
Ȼ֪㺮ڹάһá
㺮ӿһԵһ㶣漴ĳһʵΪ޿ԺƽཻΪʵҲ˵ʲôǹ㺮Լڵʵ⼸Ϲǰ
Ů޵ԽԽˣȺիôû޿Ĵɤֽ
㺮ӿЦһôƺʦĿݶûмȴվʦ֪λǰҲˣԡ
ˣôҲ֪ȺիĵһαһƯˣµôµ֣޿Ź㺮һȺŮ˵
㺮ЦЦСǧ֮пʿΪòкιϵÿһСǧ֮ҴȺիĵӻ𣿡
޿ٺЦһ˵ĺã½ȺիĵҪһˣ
ಣֳ˼ݹ⣬һһɫĽ̤ɽ
ŵҲˣ˵
ˣӻΪǲأ޿м˵
ͷʿҡҡͷһСһγϲֻˣ
Ƴһۣ漴ͱĿ
ͼλǰŵʿһ·ɽͶһ
޿һĥĥģ治ǸˣѽƽѲɻҪǵȲ𣿡
ǣǣͼ˵ͷӻͳһö·Ƶơ
ţʹˣ˵ͷ
ɵӶɣ׼Сǧ磡޿һ
ԪһڵĳȺ콣ɵһڵɽɽׯٲŵŷᰣȺիĹ㺮ӣŵĺͼ϶һƣСӵƵʸûУܣվѾʮݽ֮ɡ
ħţͿһȫɺʿɵĶ¶֮ɫ
󣡡Ⱥһеڴע֮¾Ȼ˳ȺĿƣ༸Ҳˣ߿Ʋϵڿת˵ǰһ㱡ĹĻĻ֮оȻķУ
ѹûʿԽ׳һԭ滹˵ͲĿЩУڶķΧʿҲֲ˺á
أ߿Ϸ˲ͬĹâԻûһϵĺһĻ߽ĺ֮¹Ļܵ˼ѹƣĻ
ƣȺһöָԭ˹Ļ֮ϣĻҵĻζڹĻм侹Ȼһͨ
öֻʱֹ󷨵תСǧֻ֮һµʱ䣬һ֮ǻһο󷨣ǴĻôǾ͵Сǧеȶʮ꣡Ⱥ
Ͷȥɣӿ˿˵
ʱɵĵҲѾʼͨͷЩǰĵӶһЩͨĵӣ񽣳ľӢӶֻǾĿţûж˼
ʣʿЦЦλһ
ּȻˣôĳҲʾ콣ɵһŽ֮ͨС
һʱ伸ʮݹ׷׳֮ͨУͼֻʣԼһɵҡҡͷ߽֮ͨС
ֻͨʮңһɳڣΪǰΣ;һתǰһ˾ʹӳڵĵطʧӰ١
Һɫĸõ棬ͣðݵĻˮӣι״Ťľ²֪ѪɫСݣĴ̱ǵĹζͳͨʱ龰
ڲðݵˮ֮оȻһͨѪݣ
ͲϵԺ֮ŹһѪɫݵϡ
ѪݣܵѪҺӰ죬ͨѪɫǿѪʮζҩеһζ
Ѫ˵ҲݣĻ²һǧʯҲû뵽һСǧһϧҩͺԥ̤˺ˮ̶֮׼ժȡѪݡ
ͻȻһһɲԭվĵطһϸСļ˿ߵˮ̶еһг룡
;ĿϸߣովĻûκη³ǽɺö٣Ȼʿµ壬Ҳû뵽Լֻ˼ȻѾ˻ء
һҩκʿ˵һСջʿһ㣬͹ʹ˺һĻѾΪˡ
ͣͣһϸ߶Ͷ
ߣһһųɫĻֱ˳ȥ
أһըڲԶһճɽ̿
Ѫ˵Ĵֱ֮ԼϢתϢͳǽᵤʿܷ;һһ֮ε
֨֨֨ͽѰз˳ѰҩѰıҪ͵ʶõĶ࣬һСһһֱ͹֮У˯ǳԣ嶼һȦ
ѰӶ˶漴ͿѰദôõȻ֮ѰӾǷҩͼæѰ


80 
ѰԽԽ죬Сɵ֮дȥ
֨֨֨ѰͻȻͣĿǰ
ôˣǰʲôʵ
֨֨Ѱ˵ͷһ̵͵ļϡ
üͷһ壬ѰΣյĸ֪Ҫǿܶ࣬Ѱ˿־ĶԲǵ֮Ҳ׵ǰ
ҪɱңҪɱң
ͣһʿ˲ը飬һѪ
һȺʿĿʿʬһۣûһĿ꣬Сǧ֮鲻ϵݣһȺʿɱʿ֮ľӢӺͨôЩ˵Ķ֣Сǧʿһٶȼ١
Ӧÿʼ˰ɣ΢΢̾˿
֪һжܻأ֮һɡսҡҡͷ
ɵҲεҡҡͷСǧҪĶ޻Ҫһеʿв촦Ǽʹ֪ҲòɵӽΪѰҩ
ޱĿ֮ڣҲ֪Щʲô
ͣĽһ绮˶ԷĲӡ
νսˮûһ˿ͣ٣ǰʬ彣ޱĿ˹ȥ֮Ѿ̫ˡ
ǻԪһϯʵȻͬһ㣡ڰĺʿЦ
ڵʵĶֻ֣еǲлɱˣȡ
һѳͻȻ̴ʿ壡
һʿһæ˺ͽľ룡
ޱĿλʿȻ֪ǿе˭ҲûȤ֪ȻҪҵɣ
ʿɫһ䣬ҲǽĶָοֻʣһˣ
ܣʿֻʣͷ
𣿡źʿ̵ֻıӰмЦһ
еĳǣ˲ͻ˺ʿĺģ̴˺ʿĻ׽ʿĶϣ
ƺһСǧΣкıҶη壡³֮˵
֨֨֨ѰеԽԽ
͵˵ͷóǾĸ֮ǰƶ
ޣͿǰ̲סüͷѹѰ˿־壬ľȻһͷޣ
ƷǺһӾϳͷޡ
Ʒޣ൱ʿĴڣͲڵܹԸĴڣɲӣһܽһͷƷޡ
֨֨֨Ѱеĸˣ
ĶҪһ㶡
֨֨֨Ѱݺݵĵ˵ͷ۾϶Ǻ
˳Ѱĺ⿴ȥǺȻһѨȻѨ벿ֶǺסǻ¶һС֡
۾һܹǺػѰĶĶ϶ǷҪĻͱһͷǺ
ҪԸһͷƷ޵Ļͷų޲пܡпʿʱ򸹱ܵУıҲп䡣
򣿻ǲ򣿡ʵ
𣡡һֱڶڵǺͻȻ۾Ķ
һˣ
𣡡ǺĿͻȻ³һĿȴͣʮɵĵط
أǸطͻȻֳһӰһ飡
ǺȻѾϢˣǻǱ㷢ˣѪĿǺ˵
Ѫģһ㶣ǲԩҲͷȻѪˣ
𣡡Ǻŭĺһ
źǺԳֵѪͻȻһִѪѵ׼ǺӲƴȻѪĵʵ԰ͬףǺǶƷްѪľǿҲǿһͷƷްɣ
ѪĲƳڴһۣ¶ЦݣѪһһöѪɫĴӡ͵ĺǺͷϣ
أӡеǺҲֻǻ˻Դ漴ŭĳѪģССྐྵȻҹѾǺ
ѪЦһѸٵĺ󳷣
ݣ̲סѪĺ˵ķȻڣ
ѪģͷŭĺһͷƷ޶סûʲôֱ
ѪĵѸٵĴ͵˹Ѫһ͡
ͰһֻѪ⣬ٿѪĵʱѾûӰ
𣡡Ǻŭ
ͷһݣæóչܣһɫĹĻ˲佫˽ȥ
أһɾ͵Ƕߵķһ㼱׹䣡
أϳһСӣ
ޣнչܣȻ鷳ˣ³˿е˵
𣡡
üͷһ壬ͷǺȻ׷˹
ͽסǾĸϵעԼɫĵ绡ԽԽԣ
ȥһɫĽâ˲ǺĶǣ
̣֮ϲϷȻһв˺Ǻ׵֮ȴʱǺ壬޷жȻֻж̶̵һ˲䣬˵Ѿ㹻ˣ
ɻ˲˳͵ٶ˲ﵽ˼£ת֮ʧ֮У
𣡡عǺ˲ʵ
Ѫģ㲻ݣǺк
ͷеķͻȻһתһȦصǺĶѨʱǺڷŭѰ͵ټû뵽ͻ۷
ѪģͿԼ˼ҹ롱ˣ
ѪĿŲڰЦһӲСǺ׷Ŷһصĵ̣
Ѫܹһ¾ͿԼصĵطһ˳Ȼħŵˣ
⻰ô˵ѪȤĿ͡
ܲҿ¾ΪϵħɡͶѪ˵
㻹ħŵΣ˵ȥ𣿸ο˽һʬ壡Ѫ¶ޱȵɱ
һΪɱδҲ̫߿Լˣ
߲߿ֵ¼£ѪһϳһѪɫķ
Ʒһ
мʶѪ齣ռľѪƶɣѪЦһ
ǾĸѪ齣ײһ
ѽӴһɲѪ齣ϾȻѪӿǾ׽ϣһѪɫ
ʹ󾪼æ˺Ѫĵľ룡
Ѫ齣ר۷ѽˣѪһ
̣Ǿ׽һ绡ڽϵѪڵ绡Ĺһɢ
ϵѪ¶һ˿ȣ
Ѫ齣ҲôЦһ
ֻѿ֮Ѫһ


81 Ӱ
̲סüͷǺĵͷϺѪѪƴȻǵѡ֪ͷ˦ǺʲôʱʱǶ޷ĻᶼûС
Ǿ׽֮ͳʧѪĵ֮С
ѡȴ
Ѫ΢΢̣뿪ǵѡѾ˿𣿡
ӰͻȻѪĵǰ
׼𣿡Ѫĵʵ
һ׼׵ֻҪǺܷʹǶƷ޶ǺûһʱҲʿ˵
ãһʱ˵Ѿ㹻ˣĸ棬ҪסǺѪһ˱㻯ΪһѪ˶Ѩ֮С
뿪ѰĴҵ˲ٵҩȻЩҩձ鶼һңǶ˵ҩݶ⡣
Сһ㻹ǸѨĶͿѰԴЦ
֨֨֨Ѱߵ͵·Ͳս˵Ϊʾŭ
СһΪ˱Ҫ˰ǺǵĴ𣿾ٻʤҲֻ֮ο߻һѪģͽ͵
ǿѰĹĵ̲סԼԴҺһͷʲô
䣡ԶıըͷһæתϢԼϢȫҲڰϣҪħŵˣȻϢһôûˣ
ǧɽѩһʿݺݵ˵ĵɽׯʿ
ҪǧɽѩΣ׷ʿһķ䣬ȻһЩһƷ䣬ʤ࣬ɽׯʿæҵģ
ɶ񣬱ץ㣬ȻһҪΪ޵Ķϣɽׯʿжݺݵ뵽
;ʿʶ
أɽׯʿóһѴ󽣣ֻһɫĽâ˲ʿĺģ
ۣʿ˿Ѫ
ߣ߲ʿҲҺԣɽׯʿмĺһ
ͿʿòʿǸʿʱֻΪѾ߲Ϊһͨ˵ٶҲ㲻ˡ
ȻʶһҲôɽׯʿɵһɽׯʿŵµ˲ڻΪһƬӣ
ɽׯʿɫһ䣬ҲǸһµѣ˲ķΧ
λѣɽׯʿĿܡ
תϢʹʿ޷ȷ͵λãʿһһУ
Ȼ²ͱˣɽׯʿڴһĴӡ
أһͷɫ˲ʿǰ
СҺúõңʿ޵ͷ­
һƷӰʿɽׯеĵλͰȻޣ̲סüͷ
ν޾ѱ޺ȱٵľһ˿Ұԣʹ޶ʿİҲǼģһͷϼѵǼɽׯˣԹʹսԦһҪԶɣȻʿҲһͷޣʺսϾ޷ɽׯ
ͲòΪһֻԼйһ֮Եһɽׯ൱ߵĵλĵ鵽ֵֵá
أӰͻȻڵķͳĺţ
ɽׯʿ¶֮ɫԭǶ
εҡҡͷԼϢȻܹƭʿʶȴƭӰıӣԼϵζѾӰٶȥҲ޲
͸ɴ󷽷˳ȥɽׯʿѵ˴ˣλѺе㽻顣Ҫǧɽѩˣһ·
ֻ˲ʿɽׯʿһҵǺηʥԭֻһ˲ʿΪҲүүҵ顣Сӣܲˣҹ
ŲϵͺŵӰϳ˼ɵӰصٶȿ죬һ˲ҧĲӣǼӲݼʹƷҲҧϣͶʶĺӰ־롣
ǰһ۾ϳ͡
Ŷ黹ǳȻ˾͸ܷŹˣСʿһ
ɫһ䣬Ȼ治ɾֻˣֻҪʿɱɽׯҲ֪ģ
أӰΪһӰת֮ͳ嵽͵ĸǰſѪ׼͵Ĳҧϡ
Ӱٶȼ죬ʿкʿٶܹӰʹҲ⣬бҪ
أһɫĹĻ͵ǰӰǱصˤ˵ϣ
أӰڽӴһɲ˲䵯۾гɱ⣡
һƷޣа̾һչܵķֵȻһ鶼ûС
أӰѸٵıϱ任ŷλ޷ȷӰλãֻڸƶͿĦ
ٺ٣ƾһ˲ʿҪҵСΪУôĶ֪ʿµĿ͡
أӰһײ˽չܵķϣչܵķһҡΣ
ӰҲƻĺܣһߣʹ͸޷׼ȷİӰλáӰӰڴеɱһ㣬ȴŻᣬʱһвŽչķĻӰһιʱѾˣʿܹӰٶȵ޼Ψн֮⡣
Ҳǵһٶ͵ޣԴҲûбȽϺõİ취ֻһζķҲΪʲôɽׯôǿˣݵһɻԪһڵӶϵȻͬ죬ֻһͷӰѾˣڼǸʿĻսֻ˲ı䣡
ɽׯʿֻһԿӰϷˣͣһߵǱԶˡȻϵķе㾪ȣȻֵܹӰôεĹƷ֮ҲھƷƷѹҲûһ˲ôܻƷ
Ҳ֮ܿͻԼˣΪֹûмʿӰĹ³һʱġ
ͲƶţӰͬƹ֮һ㲻ͣĹ߽չܵķ֣֪Ӱʿ֮ľԽԽԶʿӰʵģʹѾԶƿطΧҲΪʲôף
Ӧòˣа
أӰһϮ
ôǰɣһһ㿪ӰĹ
صӰһ㶣ŸոһֱѹŴྐྵȻܹ㿪ԼĹˣ
ƺѾϰٶˣʶҲܸˣ͵ЦЦ


82 
𣡡ӰǰСŭˣһ˲ྐྵȻŪ
ಣӰһζһӰǽ߾ȫȫͬڸոյϷˣӰٶһӰǰԸԼٶȣ
أһתһʹӰĺϣ
أƶҲƲƽ˲˵ϡ
ͿźӰɵҡҡͷһƷ޵ķǱ̬ʹǲóӰƤëҲ˵ļӲ
꣡ӰϵĴŴĿͣǰྐྵȻĶһƷѾǻۣѾ˼ǿĵǲЩµһҹ
Ӱϵ͵ΧתȦͼҵ͵㡣
ӰЩֻ΢΢һЦȻٶȲӰʶǿţʼԼûϰӰǳѰٶȣһϰ֮ӰٶȶвʹˣʱʱĻִ֮ĸӰ˺Ϊ㡣
СôûɽׯʿڵȵĲͷˣӰ׷ȥѾһʱˣյ˵Ӧûˡ
أɽׯʿз˽Ұ޵
ӰĶȻֹ߷ߵĿһۣ漴Ϊһڹⱼʿ
Сû°ɣǸʿû㶨𣿡ʿӰԴ
أӰίĵͺš
ɽׯʿӰġ˵֮ɫһ䣺Ȼôǿ
ͿڵϰҡҡͷѣֻҪһ͵ΪУ
ʿΪɵĿһۣ֮ǰ˵ЩĻᣬھͲͬˣԷȻܹӰĲ¾֤ʵСǧνȻǲǵġ
ֻҪǧɽѩҾʹӦŹʿ
͵˵ͷĴȡֱӸʿ
ʿȷҪǧɽѩеʱĵ˵ͷӰ֮У
ͿŻԵεҡҡͷóһöششЧҲΪһյĹͻָʶ
лǰ֮һѹ͹͵ǰ
ҡҡͷʶһҲڴ˵ɥ
˵ͷСǧΣճ̶ѾҵһСǧһͷһƷޣͬеļʦȫɥ֣֮ƴȫǿ˳
ĬȻСǧĴͷ漴ģõֱӴҩḻĵطõĿܾһͷѲޣѾѣùĸɴĳأһȺΧ
ͽԼϵļƿҩֱ֮֮𣬱Ͼûʲô飬;Ѿ御ˣСǧΣأһǲܵ顣
ŨѪζ̲סüͷŨѪζضǴ֮µġ
Сǰڲݴһʬ壡һŮ޵ʬ壡
ȺիĵӣͿʬεҡҡͷʬжദˣҲ˺ãдѪȻǰַ
СǧʿȫûյĹ˼ɣɱ¾洦ɼ
֨֨ݴͻȻһ죡
ͷһæ˺˼
͵ɫͿŮʬԱﾹһֻ߳ľſؼǣ߳Ĵ룬ɲͣͻûַëˡ
ᵽ޿ͬ׵޷Ѳ࣬Ҵ󶼻ЩƫšɱĶͶһغûбҪĻǾҪǴ޵ΪͷҲֻ͵ù
ǰֻ֮ҲӦһƷޣ㲻ƷҲûпܡ
;ܵĲͷ򼣬С˺󣬵ǽһĻȴͻðɣͷ򼾹ȻεŮ޵ϣڴڵĿʳŮ޵ʬ塣ʿѪ̺ŴЩ˵Ǵ֮ʿõϲϵͬʱҲ޵š
Ȼ֪пʳϰߣԼǰʱͻܲˣ
֮ȵһؿ֦ǣ˲˾ע⣡
ôĶֻûв¾Ͳ޶ǡޡˡֻľ޳棬ĳźֳֻͣ˻˻Ĺ˿Ϊľ
Ҳ֪Ҫ뿪ȻǲܵˣмöС˲˾ͷ
ĿޱеͷȻںڷû˿ĺۼզ಻ѡһЩ˵ûⶾ޹ȻΪѲһļ׿ǱƤëķҪǿ̫ˣ
ûˣȴ͵Ĺŭˣ
ˡζһеĳֻͣһţһɫĶ˳аͻŧˮ˼
ͼʶȻɵɵվӲӣһһἱٺˣ
ǾȻô׷Źᶯġζ
ֽһ󼫿䶯ξһ׷ͣٶȫе͡ûͷһ۵ʹһٶȿ²ͷӰˡ
֮ȥǰ취Ȳ˵ܲ˦ͷ򼣬ߵıܣûͻһȺˡ
ͿŵеЦһѾ뵽ζԸͷˣ
ۣеķɵǵ˵ϣֻ¶һ⣡
ܳ˼ʮ֮ͻȻͣһЦĿͷ򼣡
ͣŷݻײҪǰ˺ƬȻһһĳȥ
һգۼʹڵֻɵĵطҪϲǰС˺÷ʱȻһҵʹһٺʹѵش˹ŴĺɫѪѸӿ˳һضǡĸ滹¶һСصĵ⡣
˸š˵˺ѹ־˵ʹˣ
ȻŹʹˮĻᣬɵ˲䴩˵棬һâݺݵĻ˾ͷ
أƷǾȻֻھͷһǳǳ˿ڣ
üӲƷʵеһˣԲǷƷаһͷһƷ޵ķȻǿֵزƷֻǿƿ͹ˣʩСشͷ򼣬ȻĲð졣
޵ҲʢƶǾȻûϵڵϷɫĶѪĵǣմѪֲȫѸٵĿήΧƺѾĽء


83 Ůޣ̶
;һ߿ͷ򼲻ϵҲҿԼ˰ʱͷֹͣ
ӳˮ򽫵ϵĶҺ֮Ÿҿͷ򼣬ϸͷȷԼϵһͷޣֻܽͷװ˴֮УϾǲӲļ׿ǿƷֵܵĲϰƷĻ϶һѡ
ŮʬԱȥŮһŵŮӣŮ˪ΧĻ涼һ㵭İ˪
ȻŮ޵ʬѾʳĲӣϵĵȻΪ޿ʳ֮ǰŮ޾Ѿ
ʦ㣬ʦ
ŮҡҡͷһԱըһӣȱȫʬŽ֮С
ʦʦܣܰ㱨ѩޣֻΪŮ޵˵
˭˭Ů¶ޱȵɱʱ϶ʦõйأ
ͿЦһ˾֮ԭ㽫Ů޵ʬһ£Ȼزʶһ뵽һŮʬҰ;;ϧ˭뵽ԭ˵ĵطͻȻðŮޣŮȻȥŮʿһġ
͵ĵһֱҪ⣬˲׼ܣ
һΪŮȷɱʦõǰˣ
СܣŮһеĺֶŮ޵Ĳٿ֮¾Ȼܹľֱ׷ͣ
ҧҧɵǴзɳһȱڣ籱ϾֻƷεֵ˶ǵĹ
͵ĹҲһߣŮ޶ǽͲģԽԽڣõİ취һ֮
ŮȻôŹͣԴŮժͷΣ
νľӨ֮оȻܹԼһֻɫС
ౣ߰Ľ
ݷ񣡡Ϳ޶ʱ⣡
ȻֻǶƷޣ߷Ѫʵ²ߺ̶еͷīԵͶ١벻ͨڵʿôֺޣ
ʦ㣬㾹ȻʦΣѩеһĽ
˵޳֮ͽȻѣȻζԵȥʦãһ
ͲŽķһչУһĽɫĻԼǰͲ˷ԽչΪڻ˷
Сһ
ſͣһɫĻ˲ȵ¶ȼʹǶڽչܺҲɵӣ
¶ȿºӵıҲ˶ˡ
أɫĻ˲佫ͰΧչܵķɫ²ϵȻ֣͵ɱĲݡ
ʦ㣬СԳŲסˣʦпǷӡŶƷ޷ľǰѩ˵
Ǿһɲǻһâ̶ֱ
ࣣΧ͵ĻڴʱҲʧˣĲҽжûüͻΪһص̵֮УϾȻ˼ƣ
â֮죬쵽̸ûзӦʱ䣬̲ס۾
û٣۾һɲǷһâȻͣǰûд£
ͿſеŮҡҡͷ˲ɱģǲҪңȻ´ҾԲŹǣ
ջض֮Ѹٵ뿪˴˵ء
̺ѩµĿ˿ԷȻŶԷȻŹˣ
ʦ㣬˵ǺηʥȻ˻ش·ľʵҪ½ѩ˵
˵Ϊֱɲ⣬ݺʱôһˣ̾پԼƺСݵʿԭΪƾԼʮΪټʦµξϽҲһս֮ھȻһʿУ
̲֪Ǵʱ͵Ѿ΢΢죬ɫס촽ϣһŻشסڵƣ뿿Žչܵķײ˭֪Ļ澹Ȼ˵ƾչܵķ޷ȫסͷ͸Ƕ޲Žˣ
Ȼ߷Ѫ˵ҲֻǷľǣȱ޵ԣ޶ȻռʲôͷĻȴ˿˼٣δȫԭޱѻһգԭͲȱȫۼڸϡˣ
ǵùˣϿЦһ
ˮҲڴȺիͶŮ޲ûɱ֣һ뵽ԼΪǸ˺ڹ;ͱ
ƽһԼ֮ͱһ̣ѰķӦ϶ҩȻһˮ̶Ա߷һٶݵˮݣ˭ݵԱһͷɶ೤Ĵػ
ͷ㲻һƷޣͺ׵ľͽɱˮС
֨֨֨ǵ׼뿪ʱеѰȴһڣץ͵ĵۣ
ôˣַʲôˣʵ
֨֨֨Ѱ͵壬ָˮ̶
ˮ̶жʵ
֨֨֨Ѱ͵ĵ˵ͷԼȴˮ̶һ¡
Ѱˮһ֪ˮ̶֮¾Ȼж⵹ȤѰӷӦ֮ҲǺĶ񲻾ζˮ̶ĶԺǺеı
͸Լһˮһͷˮ̶֮У
֨֨֨ѰķӦΪˣ
ȴˣΪģˮ̶ˮѹͷͬһ㣬ֻǱʮף͵ıˮҪˮѹѹ壬ͷֵ缰ʱ˱ˮĻҪΪһˮǺˡ
УȥУˮѹԽԽǿȥʮҾͳŲסˣа
ˮѹҲӲ˵ˮб
ޣȥٻˮס
޵ǿȼʹǶҲҪԲλ࣬ѹ˵ģǶ˵¸ûʲôӰ졣
ԽǱԽ£Ǳ˰Ȼûеף޵һı˪
üͷ壬ˮ̶Ҳֲ̫ˣǱ˵Ҳ˵ûмףĺҲ̫˵㣬Ȼֻǽһȴܸܵǿֲ¶ȣȥĻ˶Ҫɱˣ
ޣ͸
޶͵ҪԲԶΪһ֪ʲôĶ޷ͻû
޷·û͵һǱ
ޣޣҽͼˣ޲ǵһγ֡
ĺѾֲ˼㣬ʹ޽ȥҲȥ޻ֽ׶ǿĵƣһʧȥô;ͽʧȥʿ࿹ʵ


84 
鼱֮¼æ׷ȥֻǱһɶǿˮѹҪˮ壬ֻ֮ϸ
˺̶µĿڿͨˮ̶˭뵽ƽı澹Ȼ˿ֲ
ͺ
Ǳ뺮̶ײȴʼնûͺǩԼһ˿ϵڣ޵֪
֨֨֨ѰʧĽ
ҡҡͷⲻ㣬˭Ҳ֪ˮ̶֮¾Ȼ˿ֲ
֨֨Ѱ͵ĵ֮УԵޱȵʧ䡣
Ϳ˺̶һüͷں̶Ҳ뿪ֻڴ˵ȴ
ں̶Եͱ÷ٳһڶڲһЩ֮ͷ˶֮
أأں̶ײ޵Ѿһıǣ޵˫ֲϵĺǰı㡣
޵һȭ¾Ȼֻܴһ޲֪ƣĺǰı㣬˳ʱҲǴһСİۣҪⲻ֪жٺıҲ֪Ҫٵʱ䡣
𣡡һڶҺīɫĶҺһӴͷˡ̡죬ڶҺĸʴѸڻҲǳϢңҺΪˣ
µʱһζʮλʿ̶Ƕûз̶ֺûзֶͱ֮е͡
ȥУСǧ翪ʱֻһ£һرվͱʮ꣡˵
ޣ㵽ڸʲôͿź̶૵
ףǿҵĺһŮӾɵĿź̶ʮʿ֮Уֻ˺̶ʹûѰҲ쵽⿴ͨˮ̶澹ȻΣա
Ũһǧ꺮Ů¶һ˿Цݡ
ǣЦû͸ܵůһֻĸоŮҲǾɫʹǺ͹㺮Ҳѷɫȴһֱĸо
ŮӶӨָ˺̶֮УȻ̶±ضǧ꺮
ŮӸԼһˮ֮׼뺮̶һ޿ǻأŮȥĻ֪ᷢʲôأ
Ҳ˲ô࣬˶סŮӡ
ŮɫһȻûз߻һʿڣ뵽ոԼ˵ĻŮϵĺأ
͸Ůϵĺⲻɵüͷѣˮ̶±ޱȣһʦȥûѻǲҪȥΪã
ǻԪһڵĵӣʦ˭Ů˵
һ㶣˿Լϵĵ۵˵ͷ»Ԫһͣ
ŮӽŵҲɵ¶˾ȵ飺ʦĹŵͣ
֪һֵ;ˣΪӵº֪ʹڻԪһҲֻʿŵ֪
Ԫһڵ飡Ůӵ˵
һ漴ЦЦԭͬˣʦ㣬ˮ̶ȷйŹ֣ǧ򲻿밡
ͽԼʦüͷһ壺ʦⱲֿɲң
ɫһεĵ˵ͷ
·û͵Ȱһ㣬ԹԵˮ̶֮У
ͲɵüͷǲôںΨĽ޴鷳
һ뵽̶ǿֲˮѹͺ˵ĺ;̲סһսȻʮһΪҪ߳٣Ҫ뺮̶ײҲô򵥵飬Ȳ˵ǿֲĺǾ޴ˮѹͲֿܹġ
һ㡭
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Ǳ뺮̶ѾʱˣȻûгøһ㲻
Ѳʲô̶ֶܹף뵽
ͺ˼֮ʱ̶ͻȻðһӰ
飡һ
ʱﻹиոյǸ䣬һ˳ˮͼʹҲɵĿóˣ
һԱߵ˲ͻָԭӣǱĺһ飬˲˹
ǡָȭͷСıʵ
ǧ꺮ˮ̶¹Ȼǧ꺮⺮̶ʵ̫ʹҲܽУһЩƯ飬һ˵
͵˵ͷ֪Լӵĵ֮Լ̬Ժ˺ܶ࣬Ȼ˵ģҲоǱĺˡ
εҡҡͷԼʦͷǺá
ʦ壬֪ﵽ˺̶ֳȣʵ
һƷҩڻ£ƶƷҩĻɹʾͺܵˣҵҲ֧ƶƷҩôҪ˵
ϵʧһǻǱͲ׽ˡ
ѵҪʲôƫŵĵҩ뵽
ƷҩȻ󣬵ڷлĵģֻһЩͨĶƷҩƫŵĶƷҩĻͱʦˣ֮ĻԼ
ҪƶƷҩĻҿʦơ˵
ģ˪¶һ˿ӲЦݡ
ţҪʲôҩʵ
ĵ˵
ĵһ㶣ϸԼԺǷֵҩ
ƷҩĵǣҪݣǧ꺮ʮкҩƣѶȼߣƷҩ֮ɴ϶ȣڱʿ˵Ǽİ
ʲôһ㶡
ȻԼԺеļ䣬ȴνıΪѵ֮⻹
˭ˮ֮˵
ԭͲɵӣԼ֪Լе㲻˼ˡ
ԭǱֲӡа
ͷˣĵȻֻǶƷҩҩ֮˿ƷҩԼʦӳҲûʮİա
أԤ׵һɫĹ״͵ĺģ
ۣһѪֱϣ
ɫһ䣬һǹ˲ɳ
ǹڿ飡һʿԳΣ
Žͱڻеʿ¶˲мЦݣԭҲŰһԺòϲ˽ӽĺÿҲСˣ
ɫһеķϱ任ţһǹϵĹźʿǺʿȴĺܣնյıܹıǹ
ħŵˣǿһöشĶźʿ
Сӣ˰ˣҲӦøмˣˣС޸ǳȻú鶯ģǺֶΣʿЦһ
ĺȻ¶һĨɫ
ͿЦһԼıĵôܱʿ͵Ϯ
ֵҵǣû˼θֻȬǰĺʿȻܸʱ䣬ԺʮһΪԺ鿹⣬ټħĹ죬ʹǱҲռʲôˡ


85 ֲ
һ˲䣬ոջڴЦѵĺʿͱһĺΧͶûпΰ쵽ġ
أסʿĺһѪħ߹ɵĴ̴˺
ʿЦһ˵еıȻ鴫ȻܹϢ϶ֽš
üͷԭʮþȵһоȻˣ
ƳһԵͣʱˣɲôʹûˣһ˲ʿҲѲ֣
ȻΧ¶½һѾӨ͸ȫɢźĳУӽϴ¶һԵͶ̲סһսץסѽĻԼ˲һ
һˮ˵ˮͨ嶼ǧ꺮ƳɣǱãһӴͻᱻ亮ˡʿ̾˵·עĲеˮ
ƺûʿĳһĶźʿ
ʿüͷ飬˺ʲôϵΪһزʶ˺ħԣֵ𣿡

飬ĪħԣʿɫԽ
ԥˣʿ˵ûȻͺͬһɣͲûʲôϵȷûбҪΪͺһΪԼʿƴ
ʿԥЦһ˵߻ħ߶˽Ĵڣ˵һİˣԼ׶ӣֻҪ湻ҲԳ
ͣһ˿˲ס˺ʿħ߹
֪ôʿȻŭ龹Ȼ֪Լ
аħ鲻мһ
ˮϵĺȻһϸ˿ʿħ߹Ľʵʵģϸ˿Ͽֲĺͨħ߹˺ʿϣֻһ㣬ֻմһ㣬ʿ־ͱ˽ɫһʮһʿȻˣ
ʿæɿħ߹ٺˣˮȻ˿ֲЩɺɵϸ˿Ƿʤ
ǻԪһе̳ҼˣӴ֮ħŵĵˣʿɫ˵
һҲвңɫһˮϵĺ˼֣ϸ˿סħ߹˲һ磬ϸ˿Ĳתۼͱ˱ʿȴѾӰ
һջˮˮһʧ¶˲٣
лˣҼˣ˵
ãֻҪʦƱĵˣ˵
ͿЦһ˵ħţ
ħţһɣ鲻м˵
Ͳɵ̾˿룺Ҫ֪ħŵʵĻ¾Ͳô˵˰ɡ
û°ɣʵ
ãƤ񣬲£ѾһشˣϢһûˣЦЦ˵
˵ͷ˺̶֮УȻҪȥüǧ꺮ˡ֪ʯ֮ҲϹˣϾûʲôʿȱʿͺˣ
ΨһͷĲµľ̶׵ˣȻ޵ϵڣҲ֪ǲǺ̶Եʣ֮ϵʮֵĴ·ʱпܱжһ㣬Ҳ֪ǲԭŵ޲
Ծ̶һȻõʮȭͷСǿ
ôࣿһ㶣ӵĽ̵ЩļֵҲʶһȭͷСǧ꺮ڷоͿٵһǧʯңˮִǧ꺮ȫǿĶʹҲûط
ôǧ꺮ʹ˪Ҳ¶һ˿ЦݣЩǧ꺮ƱĵԣʣµĻԹʹһСǧ֮ûõʲôЩǧ꺮Ͳˡ
࣡࣡ˮ̶﷢˹죬һȭͷСǧ꺮̶׾޴ѹѹ˳͵Ľűߣ
ǧ꺮ôһ㶡
ȥʱֱܶࣿʵ
ܶ࣬һЩƬģ˵
ˮ̶ƺںһ㣬ո˵͵ͷͳһһ˸ߵǧ꺮
أһ˸ߵǧ꺮ݺݵ˵ϣֿһѣ;ͱǧ꺮ˣ
ǧ꺮Ȼ˾޴ˮڻˣ˵
ãȻĵ˵ͷҲǵһμ˾޴ǧ꺮
޴ǧ꺮Ϊˮ̶вдСһǧ꺮ˮ̶Χ¶Ȼ½һֲĳ̶ȣʹҲ̲סһ·ûһһռЩǧ꺮
Ҳ˼֮վһԿ飬ϾǱЩǧ꺮˵Ҳʱõһ㣬ü͹ˡ
𣡡޵ͻȻ͵ԺУ
һϲæϸ
޵õ͵֮һ֮ͷǱתһ룬Ҫ޳ĻҲһ鷳޴ˮ̶ʮɴȺ
齫ǧ꺮ȫս֮һʦ壬кδ㣿
ٵɣϾаµʱأҲõʲôϡеҩأЦЦ
˵ͷݵĸﶼû˵ͬһʧ͵֮У
һͲɵӣ
޿Գˣ˵
أ̶֮зɳһɫӰֱֱ͵ĸǰ
˻ͲɵĵһϵĺȻ黹ҪֲվԱͶһˣ
ȥôøʲôˣϵĺô£ʵ
㶣̯ƣһСı
̯Ƶһɲǣ·Ҫһ㣬⺮ˮҪֲٱ
ʲôµĿеСֶȴһ㷴ӦûУ޹ȻǷ࣡
֨֨֨Ѱƺŵʲôöһ˷ܵĽ
Ѱ͵ĵ˫ĶеСǿΧĺȴҿ
ŵˮһԣ˵
漴ˮ̶
ˮ̶еˮ˲̣
žһȭó˱ס֡ȴڱ沢ʲôˮǱһ˲ˮ̶һ飡
⵽ʲôȻӵǿĺʶС֮˵ʲôˡ
Űɣε̾˿ֶҲֻ̥ˣ͸ұ֤ʹʿҲֱӽСУСԶĺˣ޵ѧʶĺϳ
ҪΪСѾ˷˰µʱ䣬а¾ǳȥӣûҵҩ


86 
µʱһжı䣬ԭȽСǧʿʱֻʣʮˣ
üͷ߻ģİˣԪһӢӳѪ֮⾹Ȼȫ롣˽֮϶ˣ
ĴӢ⣬ԪһھȻֻʣӣһλԪһڲһٶӽСǧ磬£ֻǰµʱ䣬һٶӾȻ䣡
ô£ɫĿ£СǧоȻ˴ɱԪһڵĵӣǳĴΪԪһϯȻԹۣ
ҡҡͷʦ֣Ҳô£ǶܵһȺʿĹЩʿԤıÿγϣЩʿʵˣ඼ʮһ㣬ʮ㣬⧲֮Һλʦֶ˲ˣ
ʿ૵
Ⱥʿ죬ʤӦħʿ˵
һνСǧħһмʵ
֪ħţɷţڣѪڣİ˵
ħŲһɣҲʮΪܳ˶ĸ֡ɷҲħź϶٣ںͿѪǿǶɣҲ˶ĸ֣
ѲȺʿƾðģ˵
Ǻ·һԿ϶ȺʿѾǵһСҲѹλϯŭˡ
ǻԪһڣ콣ɣɽׯڣٲţȺիħʿΧ¶ʧأ
ˣｻңһ
İ˵˵ͷ漴˸ط˹ָԼơ
ʿҵ뿴ǵкα¸Ұһ
ɵĵѾ˵ĲˣԪһڵȴɣʿѾǾɱ
Ѫĵ˵ͷܺãȰѽźʹȺիˣ
ǣ
ȫԡѪ֮еѪ¶һ˿ЦƷǺ̹Ȼͬ죬֮ҵѪ񾭸һǽҲҵĶˣ
жͶСǧȫ֪飬ѰĴջķᣬʹҩԱػҲ׻ɱڴ˹˵ҪѰˣÿҵҩָѰһ㣬õ˴ҩѰﻹʲôԹԣѰ
֨֨Ѱ۾һ˲ܵһѨ
Ӷд磬ëȻлһɳζƺʬ
ͱѰѰ˳͵ֱ͵ĵ֮УѰҲѨ򵥣ɴͷ˵֮У
ͿѰ˵С̲סһԴѰѰȴһ㶼ɣѰ˵ѨбǾһбֻѨƺôߣ
Լһ߽֮˶Ѩ붴Ѩһɲͷϴ˹졣
͵̧ͷϸһȻɫ
ǲͷĺɫÿһֻƴݼ˵飬͵ǵĳצӡݣײĻ֡
һǾĸৡৡৣâһͷſͷϵ𣬱ѣѪҺĽ
Χ̽ͷȥ˺ҧˡ
ٴλнЩʱȺȴڷ𣬼ݵ˿ڶѨİзһȦϵ˴Ļ֡
ʹһʱæѨʯϿȥڶѨұϣԾ࣬⵽𹥻
ϵĻнյǣЩˣֻɱ˼ֻѾȥ
ЩǿһƷޣȴޱȣжݣСĶѨ֮͸ʩչЩ࣬ǰ̡
ɫһ䣬˲עǾ׽Уһɫĵ绡˲佫Ѩ
̣ɫ绡еı˲ͱ˵ϣ
ʣµıƺҲе˿־壬˼¾ͷ˶Ѩ
ͿŵϼپʬüͷЩ϶ɢһɶڶѨŵζЩϴġ
̤Щʬ˶ѨЩÿǰһζһȺ𹥻ͣȻÿζܻЩ𣬵ҲдĻԪĻͻһܹ붴Ѩô
ЩѲһɫ绡һȺ𿾽̲֮סԹ
Լ֪˶ĹˣЩĲһ㣬һһѨеҪɱȥ֪Ҫɱء
ó̲סס˱ӡ
Ȼ𶴶һɳζֵĳζȴӵǿң
СĵĿǰȻһտشһͷһ˸ߵڶϣһճ״
ķ㣡üͷķô
һȴޱȵļȻΪϵһҩ֥ѾҩоȻһ꣡
֥Ʒҩ̶ȷͨҩܱ⣬˲;֥С
ͷͳϰͷӦѾһͷƷޣҪɱһѶȣҶѨխ͵ķӡΪ공֥;ðһգٲûڣֻҪų޾ѹͷһͷ
Ǿĸ͵Ŀ£ӽ˿УýΧס
𣡡׼ֵһ̣۾˿һɶͻȻֱͣ
һͷȻܹ綾
˿Ҳ׾չ˲䵲Լǰ
ͣչܵĽɫĻҺʴҡҡ׹
ͣ첿ͻȻðм侹ȻǿյģȾȻеǾĸҪ
ǣ˲˽ɫķ֣
ԭҡҡ׹ķ־һǽӽ⻹꣬зֵһɲǣڵѪһӿǲܿƵӿ
ޣͷҲ˲࣡
˻һѨ¶˲½˼ʮȣ
ͣĲӱס
󾪣һڶҺĶҺû޾ͱϵĺ˱飡
ͨ޵˫ִϣһ˪𽥵ģ۾ʧȥɣ峹׵ı˱飡
͹ĿޣȻ֪޺ǿСģ
ۣ޴һţһС˳
˴沿̲ס˶޾ȻС˽ȥǿܽһͷƷ޶ɱС̽ӡ


87 ʯ
µĿű޶ɱĿϡ
ӴչܵķֵʱȻԼѪڣڵǲܿƵ⣡
žֻһ£˲߽⣬һѱʧ˶Ѩ֮УµֻӨ͸
ͼȻܹܵסСĺҲѵˣ
ĳ֥һ공ֲ֥кͱ׼뿪ɢŶ𶴣
֨֨֨һֱѰȴһڣȻһе˳ͣһɽǰֻצӲɽš
ͿѰڵɽڣûпһɽʲô쳣ǳڶѰͻ˹ȥ
֨֨֨Ѱͽ˼
͵˵ͷ֪ˣҾͿɽ֮ʲô
еǾĸ͵Ĵɽڣ
еǾĸ˳ȥڵϻζţ
Լ־Ŀһ˿ɽڣǾĸ˵һɽھһ嶼׵Ĵ̴ɽھȻ
һǾĸһͿǾĸɽڣǾĸͬжһûɽ֮Уһ˼֮ȷֻѰڵɽ⣡
ͲаǾĸע˴ɫĵ绡Ѩ
ɫĵ˲ײɽڣ
䣡𶴶ΪһϸСʯ飡
ˣǾĸ˲Զ
ܵҹɽȻ
˼Ӳɽͻ˵ʲôأֻεĿЦһ
ޣҺֻ֮޳Ҳûа취еİ취޶޷ɽڵĻôҲֻˡ
䣡͵һȭɽϣ
Ͳ֪Ҫ˶٣һѨͿ༸ɽ϶ƣڿܵͻɽȴֻ˼ƬʯƬ
أȭ
䣡Ѩھܲסǿʯʼ޴ʯϵ£ҪѨû
ͿȻ֪ƣĺɽεҡҡͷٻչܻסȫ޴ʯڽչûκεӰ죬ͱһߡ޸Ǹɴ࣬ûЩ޴ʯЩʯһɲǾͱ˱
أһȭػǼӲޱȵɽڱһͷСĶڣ
δ𣡡
δ𣡡
δ𣡡
ˮεǣ޺ڵһɲŻĶ˲䱻һԴȪǸ޺Ķڣ
֨֨֨һֱؿڵѰͬһ㱼˶ڣ漴嶼˶֮У
֨֨֨漴ڶڲѰ󻶿Ľ
ϵĻҳ˼ɵĶٿʯЦЦ漴˶ڣ
ֻǸոտе;һ
ָоͻǵһʹӸƷҩҲûָоζ֮ǰƷҩζʲôǣ
࣡࣡ͻȻѰʳ
һȻ֪ĶʲôܹɢζĿ϶ôܱѰ̣
û룬һֻֽеѰץ˳
ãѰ̲סһã
һֻĳ嶯ֻȻɰ׿ˮһȵ
ʹյСǰһʯһСˮ̶һεɫҺͨʯεˮ̶֮Уǿˮӡüͷȴһ룬ѰȻɫҺһ룡
մһɫҺУɲǼ;Լȫë׶ſˣԼڵҲǴָоޱȵ泩ͼ̲סҪһΣһΣڵȻ˳ĽٶȾȻҪ죡
ʯ飡һʯ飡ͿǰСˮ̶
ʯ飬˵еʯ龹ȻĴڣʯÿһΣǰСˮ̶˵ҲǧΣҲ֪Ҫ۳˶ʯ顣ֻһαָܻе׹ǣ⻰ʯһ㶼Ϊ
ҲֻӸϼʯĽܣϽʯ죬ʯ;ʹϹʱʯҲϡ䱦
Ǵʱ͵ǰȻһˮ̶ǱѰһĻ٣
һ뵽;ͺ޲ýѰĶӻȵʯȫŪҲ֪ѰСôװ˶ʯ飡
óʮƿĵҩȫ˳װʯ飬ʯǰЩҩԵһĲֵˣֻҪ΢еӵ˶ֱܷĳǸҪ
ʮƿӣһ̶ʯװ˶ʮСƿ͵ôҲϲ£ܹõôʯ
ʹ⣬ȥ֮һҪԪһڵĲ󷭸飬ʯ鵽ʲôô
ǰϱQѰЦЦСһ֪ҵⶫȫĹͣѾôˣʣµһҵˣ
֨֨֨ѰĽţڿ͵İ
ҲѰġԹѰԼĵ֮У뿪𶴣
͵ҽŸո̤ͷһݣҽһ˻Ѹ˻𶴣
Ѫߣ˹ȻƻȻܹǣȫںеʿ˵
һαСǻ˺£һħɱһǽҲҪ˱ᣬҾͲһ˲ʿܹܳǵģѪһһ
ħŵˣ𶴵ͷѾð亹ʶѾ֪һħһ߸ĶʮһģоȻĸʮĴڣԻɱκµʿ
ħžȻ˲ϧѪҪԼɱҲֻεĿЦˣ˵߸˻ɱѶһѵ飬ʹǶҲֻܵסĸʿʹ޽ɱʣļħŵҲԽʬΣ
ɱѪһһ
༸ʿ˵ͷԸһ˲ʿͺ£ѪҪħɱһĻǼôɱһ˲ʿ
ħɱ붴ڵһɲ;Ͳˣ
ޣüͷ
õ͵ͬһ㵽˰ͺһ˿ӦĻֲޣ
޵ĹѾֲˣΨһҪ˼ľν߸˳׵Ѩ֮УӵһУ


88 ɱ
ߵɫӰвϴţھҪһҵͲһ׵顣ҲֻǿѰıӲһҵ֥ڡ
תϢ͵ڶһ㣬һͨңҪʶҳǲܵ飡
ɶСӣѪƿڴԭΪֻһɵ񣬿û뵽˷ôʱԷӰӶû
˵ûһϢķҪҵѣǱϿħŵıǣϢǱ䲻˵ģѪһ˵
𶴾ʹǸӦҲ˲ߣè׽ʲôѪüͷ
Ѫһ˵ͷַȷǺʱһ㣬ҲûôʱѨ֮ת
ֱӰѶѨˣѪ˵
ãͰ˵İ죡뱻Ļ϶ӳһǾ֮ɱ֮Ѫһ¶ޱɱ
߷Ѫɱ˲˳˶Ѩ϶һħ߹
߰ħ߹Ѫ߰ħ߹ϵѪ⾹ȻںϵһڿлһѪɫ
𣡡ŭѪ͵ײϣ
¡߰ħ߹һ֮Ժ޵ȭֻͨʯܾܵǿҵĹ
ʯ˲𶴵Ķ˲ͱ޴ʯħɱûֹͣѪһһεײţ
ħŵˣڸʲô쿴еѪüͷ
ʿħţ⼸һֱǵ˾ħŵˣһ
ʵЩӢӶǴˣʶһ㣬ǺһħɾȻӵôĸ֣
ԪһڵˣѪһɫһеѪ˲ֹͣ˹߰ħ߹˲ص˸ԵУ
һȺȻӢӾˣѪһ߾Ȼ⼸˵ʱ
ϴ󣬻ԪһӢӶһЩֶΣҲԪһڳ⼸ʣ֮Ӧȫɱˣ
ѪһһһѪֱӺ˽ڵĵط
һϵĳХסѪ⣡
ϯȻ鴫֪֮Ԫһڻʣ¼أѪһɵĵԼѪ΢΢һЦ
֮ʹħҲ൱ķ޵ֿɲǿѨ磬ǽԼʵţѪһȻǿǻв
ħţҵҪħŵǳʲôȻҺΪУճߵ
ħŵβ˵֮ڻԪһڰڣȫѪЦ
û£еĳǣ
֮󣬵ҪﻹѪһһһھѪħ߹Ѫʢڸס˽Ľ⣡
Ѫһһ
ͣѪһļ򣬶ʱ쭳һѪ
ųϵһ˿ѪһȻǺ⡣
һһͬΪʮʿƾһѪһʹѪһѪȻסһ
ʦ֣Ҫ׷ʵ
ˣ׷ϣȻطݹ֮켴ʹҲвҡҡͷ˵
Ҫô죿û뵽һСǧоȻ˱ʣǱ֪гĵǵ˵
ҡҡͷСǧǵģħǿҲںΪУһǸҷ¾ɵӣΪСǧ֮޷гϵֻҪǻųȥħŸɵĺ¹֮ڣħűضʧݣ
ʦ˵ҪǾۼͬСǧп϶бʿЩʿϵһҲһԶԿħţİ˵ͷ
أͻȻһ죬ʯ䣡
ħžȻѨٺһ
ħɱں𶴵һɲ;;ô²һеĳ򶴿ڣһ뵽߸ħŵڵֹͣж
ڶǾһȥʮˣ
ޣסңʹһ
ڰ˲䵲͵ǰȡչܻסȫһټϽչܵķʹǶѨҲûнôֻڵĶѨпһ·Ͳٵʱ䣡
ʦ壡Ŀ;
ȺԪһڵĵ㶡
Ƴһۣ漴˵ͷ
ͳżЦЦһ뿪ˡ
ֱԶĲɻĿŽΪβʦ壿
һߣֺαǿ˵
һߣһ㶡
ȫ裬ҶҲĮĵ׽䱸ǣȻֺαûȤ˵
뿪ͿŽһҡҡͷҲ֪ԼǶǴԼǷӦýѪĵǣһ뵽ѪΪӢ֮һп϶˭ܱ֤һ֮ûѪĵˣҧһڵĻ鷳
ħţвˣԺðˣ̾˿
ħȻһֱͷʹ飬޷ֻܵҪɱɵϾͻжصϢɱԽϵϢԽءڻãɱ˵Ļ;ˣֲòɱĹȦͷʹޱȡ
ͣһнǰһƷ޻ɱ֮һȥԼϢ
󡭡
ɽ
ˮڵĴϢţʱﻹһ˿ӵӣ׵ĵѾƿ˼ӣѩ׵ļ֣ɺѪڴ׵ĵϸĴۣ
ʲôӣˣһħŵĺ£ͻ뵽н죡ʿЦ
ˣǰʿΪ֮ǿԶ֮ϣɱﵱɽ޷˵ʿľˣ
񲻿ϧ㵱ҵ¯ҵǿԿһʿЦš
룡
ӲҵҪ㵽жӲʿһŲϣ
ӣҵҪ仹ǵ䣡ʿһ
ͣͻȻðһɺֱʿ
ʿ󾪣˲鼱ٺ˱ܿ
𣡡ȫ˺ʿһͷðźĹ˵صףûйڵϵֱ
ʿϾʮĸ֣˲侲ûк͹ӲƴʿȻӣ
ͣһ˺ʿܣʿһͣ漴ϵĹһ
˲ʿץסҽžͱ˱飬ϵӣ
ʿҧҧȻնԼȣ˹ħצ
ڰͶòʿԼݣ˲ſ£
ɱ
;Ͳùˣ޻ܺõִԼ


89 
ȿȿȣ鲻ϵĿţʿһѾͼʱϵĻںʿˡ
飬û°ɣͿſȳѪʵ
ûûû£ǿг塣
ͨһ˻֮С
ͼæ̽һ£ֻǻԹȥûжһ
ʱ׷ɱħʿҲѾˣǰٷ֮һٵķģħʿ³ҲûжʣֻҪǵѪ֪ˡ
鱧֮һ޵ĶѨеնɱ֮ڶڲһ֮ſϸơ
ڵһȻǻ˹ȥһɫľŮӵĽİ͹Գ˵ز񾱴¶ӨѩϧǣʹǻԹȥϵĺ˪Ȼûˡ
ȫȫݽߡһ˿ʣ΢÷̫ʶŻʹȥˡؿܵػǲأֻٵɸԭ
һöش֮ͱϸ顣
֮еȻǽץˮѱԼһߡΡûнӨ͸ź⡣Ϊһ顣ˡһζѪ˸оһ˿ɱ
ˮͲİںĵʹͽϵץҪϸһˮʲôر֮ʱһɴ̹ǵıд־ֱ۶Ѫ͡
æ÷סơͱ˿ż˱֮֡һСĹ򡣺ų⡣
һڡղ̫ˡԭΪⷨѾû˿Ʋ̫û뵽㱻ۡǿҵĺˮԲ˵ô򵥣³ǧ꺮֮⻹бĶ档
ﲢûʲôϾֻƼˮ꣬ȻܽԼȫ˵
ͺİŪеˮȻеƷмϡٵϵǶˮֹķͻ൱Ȥ
ͣԼסˮˮһʯȻˣ
ĿɿڴĿɼˮ
ƷͻȻʡ
ƷȻ˵Ĵ
⡭ǡ;ȵĿһصС飡
ЩС״Ȼһ£ȫһСϸĻЩѵıһʮ飡ѵɺϣ
һ׷;
ͽһСڵһӲʯϡһĻۡڡֱ
Ͳɵľ̾ǻ˵ϵĻѪҺҪɱˣ
ܹˮʿһһţȻ뵽ʮСһѱ͵ǾĸȻҲһ׷ǺˮȻвͬǾĸΪһĸӽͨĸɲӽʶҪҲ󽵵͡
ˮȴȫģķʶҪ󼫸ߣ
Ҫķ磬һҪǿʶҪӦĹȱһɡ
͵ĺƳĴ漴ҡҡͷδͬⷭŪĴͻɲ
ʮˮ֮ͷߣƷڶ࣬Ϊһˮıƺ
Եʱͽ֮һѾһСҩ԰¶ЦݣȻһȥˡ
Ȼų⵫ÿν鶼Ҫ׵ϴָоҲܰ
Ѿֱһֵı̾˿ǰѾ̶ˣһ㳤ûС
֪ƣεı仯ҩѾɳһǧ֮꣬ҲһЩǧҩ
һ˵һǧκҩ죬˳󳤴һ͸ûκεı仯ڱΧ̺׵Ƕ˲٣ڱٶߡ
Ǵ˵ܹ߻ʵĻǲϵķãһЧûУ˵һͷôĻҲñһͷˣ͵һ仯ûС
ͻϾиҲ
Ҳ̫ãʱ֮ͱ˳飬Ȼڻ֮˿
һաڵϵȻֳۡӡȻȥֱࡣϲ΢ġ
ʦ壡
۾˵ͷϻˣҪǿԼ
΢΢˵ͷʦң
㲻ҲǾһǳƽˣЦЦ˵
ͬ¶һ˿졣
һ㣬ָһڵĹ࣡ʹӴóһ«
ţο«ӣ˲һ
ƣ¶һ˿졣
εЦЦʵʲôƣֻһЩ׵ľƼһʯˣȻôΪҲͣЩ˷á
ʦͽܣϡĶó鵭˵
ЦЦиʦƺҲܼٺܶ಻Ҫ鷳
齫«ľơһСڡϥ֮ٻָһСһСڡ֮ҡҡյĺ«ѾûơķŸոջָһ롣
ѽˣı˪һ¶˽֮ɫ
ͿЦһҪϿֱ黹һ׵顣
ûϵûԪͿˡƺʶԼĽ־Ƶɣ͵
ֱӴӴó˺«飬һҲţ˺ü«ʯľڻָϱȻԪҪõĶ࣬Ҳ˲٣ȵһ«˵㲻ʲô
麦ߵҲһջˡ
鿴ͺԥóһ«ƽԼʱסˣֶҲһϡ⣬ҪƱҪ䷽λҪҩҩȱ˭˷ҩȥֶ
ҲϹʱͨĶȴһݳƷһЩرҪĳϲܺһ֮⣬ûеط
Ȼ͵ĺ«ֻһôСȥĻԿʯ
齫鰵ļһСһСڵĽ«еƺȹ⣬«Ѿĵָ˶ʢʱڣֻҪһϵҲܺõĲˡ
ʦ壬׼ô죿ħŵԽԽˣСǧеĴ󲿷ʿ⵽ǵ¾һ·ҿʮʬ壬״һ£˵
ô죿ˮڣһɱһǺħѾǲˣѲɻǷŹǣüͷ
˵ͷ룺ʦȻΪô˵Ǵĺܣ
ⲻ֪͵ȫޣû޵Ļδô򶨡
ԭ⣡洫˹Ц
겻ɢһ
붼֪ħŵˣħ֮⻹ĸһӾͷ
ʦ壬Сģˮ͵ǰ
ľٶͲɵӣҿô𣿡
Ҳѹ˾ٶϾ͵Ϊֻ˲㣬ʮϵʿûʤ㣬һʱ뵽˱


90 
ʮһ㣡˲жϳ˵Ϊ
ħŵʿֻʮһʱһʮһ㲢ѶԸֻ鶯Ҳ߲ʤ㣬ϵ˲ûȬܵһӰ졣
ͿŶ¶һ˿ЦֻҪǸħŵ˸̤붴һôŷڵʹʮһʿҲұôķУ
ĺʿŶڲûнȥ˼һ߳˶ڣ
һϵˮ˲վͻһսֻˮһ»ߣһƷ˲䱻ƣ
ıͶԻϵƣټһƷ׵ˮɿƻҲ֮С
飡ĺʿɫһ䡣Ȼ罣ǰ㣬ҲСӵߣһɼס
飡һҺ£ʿŶڴ
аħ˵ö֮鲻м˵
ʿһȻԹˣ
һɫСУĴ߶£ɫСӷˡ죬ʿϸ¶˲пЦݡ
ˣһɲǣͺһ徹ȻʼʹͻãϾܹϴʿǿϺ֮ܶ࣬лǰѡ
ȴͬˣǿȴûаϵûзܵ룬еˮҲ˵ϣ
ۣδ𣬶һ̲סһѪ
ҵ»ûܹվأʿЦһ
ħŵʿȻͳһ÷ⲢֻһΪħħܰȵɱ˶ᱦǼҳ㷹ʿеӾ¾һС֮ڵҵġ
κЩʿűɽȴ֪װױ˺ʿƷҲƷ깥ԻԷŴסˣм汸ұҲûмǿˡ
ʿƾеƵƵ¾ʿʹʮʿҲгԹϾ깥ӰΣûзºС
飬û°ɣͿ¶ʵ
ͷͷʹüͷȻżʹࡣ
깥ֱ꣬ɵʹҪǿҵĶ࣡
һ
һչϽʢԼУ
ˣչܵĹĻϷһ
ùĹݻоͨ깥ʿ;ĿŶڡ
ӦǷѪɫոյȻ˲С˺
һҲ˵ͷ깥紫˵еӰΣǽ
ԽԽ٣չܵķֳܵѹҲԽԽ
ȥǰ취޿ײ룬չȻܵס󲿷ֵʱһȻᱻԻ󣬵ʱΣˣ˵
Ǹô죿ͲϽԼעչ֮С
ȥɱѾðһ˪
ãҸ㸺𹥻ؽһɱ͵˵ͷŽչŶǰ
ڣʹһ
˲˶ڣеˮȻһ˶ı£
Ŀſо޴ıЦһͲʿǿĹ»ܱס
ʿҲһҲû뵽ӵĹʿȻԼſǾ޴ıʿһսѱеĻҪɱˣ
ʿϾɱ¾߳˲ջأƴС˲佫ס
أҲʱˮصĴϣ
ˣһ㿴Ĳ˴Ϸ飡
Ȼ˷ʧأ͵ҧһԼָѣеˮϻţһϺӣ
ǿķˮĹ¾Ȼ΢ĻζûУ⵽ʲôͿŽʿеĽɫС૵
ĹޱȵңǵѹƺʿǺʿƾǿķӲǶס񱩵Ĺ
ϵĺѾ۵һֲĳ̶ȣͨʿֻҪһ㶼ܱɱ飬ҲֻбŨĺ´
ҧҧվһۣƺʲôɽ
ˮ˲ֳʮСһʹûмһĶ˿Уͨףʹ˵е񣬵ͷȴûнǣ
󤽣ԣеֻǱ󤽣ĸƷ飬㾹Ȼõ˱󤽣ĴУηĺʿڼеĹ֮¶˿־ɫ
󤽣ûһеĶû˿ֹͣеĹХſ˴죬һͬɫҧ£
飬ĪΪ㣡ƾ㲻ı󤽣κβңʿһϵĹâʢ
ǣıɽҲǷǱѰոιΪ֮ĽڹĹ¾ȻʼζǽɫĹĻѵƣ
ǿһһѾʿܴﵽķΧº֢Сҡҡͷ
Ȼʹһе˲䱻գҲңң׹ֻԼƤأأ
ͽס˴ӿµɱĿſеĺʿɱ
𣡡ûеȺʿӦһɫӰ˲嵽ǰ
أһȭͽպ䵽˵ϣ
ȴжȥ˴󲿷ֵʿûܵʲôʵԵ˺
ǿʼˣ
޷ĺŽӵĹĻȻӻ嵫޵֮һʮȭ֮ӷھ˽ɫĹҲ漴ѣʧȥӷĺʿ˲䱻һ̲࣡
𣡡޴һѪģĺʿһ̽С
̽Ʋɵҡҡͷ˻δԭˣټľѾ֮ˣ
ͳһ˿ոսͱڵĺᣬɺϹֱӱͣ
ͼæסԼƣڵĺ⣡
ұܾһ룬Ҳֻεҡҡͷ
ʯ飡ͻȻԼȡõʯ飬˵ʯܹ׹ǣȻһ㣬Ǻʯ˵ĹЧһʯԭڵҪģ


91 
Ϊ˱ͽѪյ˳˵ѪյƷҩֻһܴ֮˻ָ
Ѫյʯ鶼޷ȻĻôҲʵ벻Լʲô취
һʯյߣȫʧȥʶ޷¡
ô죿ͲϵԼ
ѾˣʱԽþԽΣգ
Ϳĺ촽ҧҧһƿʯԼһһĺ촽
͵ֲԾͷԣô޵ĳ棡
ͽȻѾʮˣǴСͿʼŮ֮ûй˽⣬ʹǺˮ֮Ҳֻǵ֮飬һŮӷ֮׻ǵһΣ
ɲǼʧأǺܿͱ㷴Ӧеʯɸ飡
ʯϾֻһСڣڿݽߵ˲䲹԰׵Ҳһ˿ĺΡ
͵ȴû뿪촽ƺѾϲָоĸо˵;ԼҪʧָо֮ˡ
̣еļͻȻŤһ¡
ЩĲͳ׾ѣͼæڵϣ˼ڵϣŻԵ顣
ոյָоͲŸոյһĻ
ɫ˿ʯ鲻ôһͽصε߰˰ˣЧѪյҲв
Ѫյջش֮ͱתڵ붨״̬֮УȴԼô̸붨ˣǵһγ֣
Ҳ̫˰ɡҰο
߳⿴ɱСǧͿЦһȻϵСǧΣأҲû뵽˺ˣ¾ҲûϵһСǧ羹Ȼա
Ƴһ۱ɱĺʿʱֻʣһСӺһ
ң;ȻռսƷ
СӺʹһ˿ȣɫСϾȻ˼ϸ΢ƣȻ۵ȷʵڡ
һһֶôܽۿۣԭȵһ붼Ӳ򵥵˵ɫСǷˣһʦ޸
һ뵽ҵĿ;ͲɵĴһսҵĹ¾ǽչҲŲɣɫСȴǳ˼ϸСƣһͶĿ뿴
ټǹ깥ɫСӻһüֵģͺĽɫС˴С
ڴ֮еûʲôرʵĶͻɱħʿҲˣЩʿеĶͬС죬ΨһȴȾǲƲĶˣһöѪɫֻƳһۣصҲǡѪħϵݡԼеһȲ˲٣кܶණûмء
Ҫǧý⽣ûپͺˣȻôͲɵǧý⽣ĺô
ǧý⽣޶ɽٵʱ𻵴룬Ҳûʱ޸һ£ҲһֱšͲžûǧý⽣ǴƣȻܹһЩ򵥵壬Ƕʮϵʿ˵Щ弸𲻵κεá
γȥ֮ȥǧý⽣һ°ɡ
ȿȿȣͻȻĿ
һϲæ˶Уˣ
˵ͷ־һΣ
Ͳ˼ЦЦǺ˫͵˲ˣ
ȿȿȣ
˻ûкãһѪյ°ɣͼæӴóѪյ
ҡҡͷѪյƷҩôõõģѾ̫Ķݣʵǲ˼ٽˡ
°ɣ治֪ʲôΣأԼǵʵǿֱܶ࣡ӽѪյУɱ֡
ֱϸˬһסˡ
Ҳû뵽ʦ徹Ȼ˴󵨣ץԼֲţ
üͷһ壺ʦ壡
˲ѹ˼ЦЦ˼ˣ
üͷʦ񣬾Ȼᱡ
Ҳ֪֪λʦ岻ֹᱡô򵥵Ļ᲻ˮʦ嶳ɱء
еѪյûйԥѪյ˽ȥڵѪյ
һԴĿ顣
һƬǶȴһѪȷ磡
ħŵɱʢѾﵽ˸߳Сǧʣµʿʮˣֻڲϵļ٣ħŵʿŹĹƵƵøʧأȺիͽҵģ¾Ȼֻʣˣ̣ѩ꣬˶ˣͷϵθǳһԵƣμҪ٣
ʦ㣬ǡѩѾ˿ǻ
ͬʦһһԼǰѩѾˡ̺ѩߵŮ޽꣬ʮһΪڴȺի֮Ҳǰʮıȴһɼǵ˺ۣ˻ж
ޣӣŵ˱ȥҧҧ
ǵѪȴҲ֪ƼǿŮ˼صˣ˵һ仰пܶ񻯣
ۣڼֲסĵȥ
ûʦĲûͬŵʺ򣬵ȴֻǱĵ棬ʶԽԽģ̺ѩȴͷûУֻһһǰߣ
̺ѩûлͷ֪һͣԼĽŲпԶͣʵĲпͬŵʱ䶼ûУΨһľǲǰǰֻܻȥ
ƾôǿ۽ǻһᣡ
ǴȺիϯɱô֣б£
εı۾ȻԷʹϺʦȫ˶֣˵ܸʲôأ
ʦ㣡
ȴЦˣδزһֽѣµľ˵ֱһجΣҲõĹޣ
սʽһɫĽæ˲佫
ͣɫĽâ޼᲻ݣʿķڼ̵һɲǾͱɫĽâ룡
Ԫһ죡еʿ
аħһе𽣾ȻðâУ
ڰħʿҲûʲô취ܹǾѡһУЩâĿºıܹˣ
䣡ɫĽâڵϽĳ
ߣһɫӰٵˣ
ӣӵ𣿡һ
սʽ᳤磡ֻһɫĹâأ˲佫ɱеĺʿû
ʿҽжûüͱʬ޴棡
ԪһӢӸһִսϬޱȣϵܳң֮ǰħŵʿҪô͵ϮҪôΧŪǱѣһȻ
ĻԪһڵʿΪ˼򵥵֮㽫˶֮Уκһս


92 Ϯ
֮ѾõĲˣڼħŵʿȻһҲûг֣
·ΪͿɲħŵʿ֣ڵƽǱٵǰˣ
ƻָˣʵ
ųң˵
΢΢˵ͷôҲóˣѾȫˣ
˵ͷȻСǧ綼ôȫѨѾħŵʿֹһΣôһαֵļʺܴԹԵħʿתơ
ˮһȣˮϵĺϵķţʱпܱ
͵ʶҲţ±ħŵʿϮ
ʵ͵һֱһʣСǧħʿһʮˣСǧ֮йħʿͲʮˣЩ˵ĿһνСǧħʿȻҲ֡
ôˣЩħʿλСǧ֮еأ
СǧʮλʿأħıҲѵЩʿƾðģ
֨һֻƳˮĺ˲䶳˱飡
Ϳֵֻ֮ƳֻεҡҡͷƳȻһƷޣȴûʲô˻۲˵٣ֻСȴ񾭽˲ɵˡ
飬˲ľԱħŵʿҲûеôͨ󣬲ʱضյǵٵģȰ
֪鵭˵
üͷȻûȥ
ʼ⼸ҲһֱоѪħν֪֪˰սʤħŹǳⱾѪħȻе඼˽һսҲԿ
͸ҵϢİ취ϴЩϢ߸һͷϻһ㣬ʱضһڽȥָоձ
źǣ⡶ѪħȻǶصϢȴûκεĽ͡
СģͻȻס飡
ǰдȺޣܶ࣬ʮͷң˵
һ㶣Ŭʶȴ˿ûвʮһʿʶǿޱȣĶֻ˲ʦôܲĵ
ۻǣ¶֮ɫ
Ȼ˵ģǿɷµȴɵɣѵģ
ˣͻȻס˸һô
̣һߡ
ž漴һصİ͵ϣ
޳ܣһû뵽ʦ徹Ȼֵ׵ĽռԼıˣ
౻ķεЦЦ
¡¡ͻȻ˴صĺȻдȺƶ
Ȼ鿴һȺۻǱǵĿ겢ͣǱֱǰۣ
ۻȻֻһƷޣÿһγʮͷЩ޶÷ֹʮͷϵۻǾܻɱǿĶһƷޣһЩۻΧסĻ¾ҲҪСĴۣ
ĿڲԼյͣ˵Ķģô죿Ҵһƣ
ͼۻȫ뿪˱ɣۻǵĽӡ
ң͵ĵһоʮͷۻܵδҲ̫һ㣬ֱ
ͻȻһֲõԤУ
𣡡Զ㴫ëȻĺ
ȻİǸսСǧ类ѪİһϵǺ
ǺĳѨԶǺʲôһ㶡
ѾûжʱͶˣǺѾܽˣ
ӣǺˣͱȥģ
һ뵽ڻķʹ뷨
Ѿйһξ˲䵯һסͷɿ뿪ԭأ
ס͵һ㶣û뵽ֽ
վˣٶȺܿģ˵
ŶãȻĸš
𣡡Ѿ˷ŭǺ
˫Ŀԣ
𣡡Ǻ˫ͨ죬˼ۺ죬ǺȻֱͶ
ȥˣһбҪôĻ𣿡а
˭֪ѪĽǺ̸أʱͿǺѪһģǺɲ֪ͺѪʲôϵֻ֪˿϶Ҳзݣ
Ҫ֪ԼΪѪĶ׵Ļ֪θ룿
𣡡һ˲ɳ
ͼæǾĸס˱
˻ϵĺ̲סһ
⺮ˮҲ˶˰
žžžǾĸɫĵ绡
ͽϵĵ绡Ǻ¶һ˿־壬޶׵һĿ־У
žһ˲ǺĶǣ
𣡡ɫĵ˲Ǻ壬Ǻٶ˲併Ǻܿ죬׵ЧʧˣǺһ׷
ѲҪܰ򻪿ռе׷ųĻܰͷǺ⽹۵ģа
Ҳֻˣе׳˵Լ֮⣬ûб;ѰСһﱻʱЩ׾һ㷴ӦûС
ޣסǱԱҲܹ֡
гֵģʹܻɱǺǵסһʱĸͲ⡣ǽǸС֮޵ʵֱ˷ָƷ޶ܶɱ顣
ͬñǺ޵ĺδػôˡ
𣡡Ǳ־ԵȭͷһȭǺͷϣ
Ǻʹжһͣ˲䵹˳ȥ
΢΢̣
ʦ壬ʲôˣ鱾ܵľ쵽һЩ
һͷ޵סǺǿ뿪ЦЦ˵
𣡡ǺſѪһڽҧס
֨֨Ǻݺϵۼײ
Ҫ޵Ļͷˣ޷·ûиоʹһ㣬СȭͷһȭǺϣ
ž޵֮󣬺޷Ǻ³ܺõȥ۵鵱ѣ
𣡺𣡡ǺʹţǼʹȻûɿڣһһĴ̽δָȫۼ֮УĽ޹ᴩ
ڸоʹðɭȻĺ⺮˵ǿңʹͬΪԵǺҲ˵Ŀֲ
ɿǺķ;ȻŲˣɭȻĺͺ޵嶳һǺϵ˦ͷ­ͼ˦ȥϵĺԽԽŨڸеСתٶԽԽ죬ԽԽ죬ķΧҲһһţȻݣ
ž͵һȭסǺΪݾȻӲı޴ˣ


93 Ѫ
Ǻ۶ϣһһȭǺͷϣʹмӲۼױǺͷǳһѪ
𣡡Ǻ˫ͨ죬ΪƷޣʹСǧҲûжܺ࿹⣬ǰȻԿ
أһβǺβͽɨһβͽصĵ˵ϣ
ڸոճԹһ޵ĿǺҲҺ޿ĹȻǺͺԺǿҲסСǿֲĺ
𣡡Ժɨβ޴һ˫һĿסǺβͣ
䣡ɲǼɾ޴ײǺΪƷޣȻǲСβϵԿɽʯ
䣡Ȼ޼ֵȻڲϵĺˣ˫ҵĦţѾ֮У
һΣ޵һ˶֣
𣡡ֽƺܲģԭڵ˫۱Ѫɫ˫ֵһҪ͸ǺǼӲۼף
𣡡һ˫Ĳڵ棬͵һǺ޴徹Ȼ
Ǻһ˿ţֱС㾹Ȼӵǿ
أǺ޴屻޸߸ߵľصˤڵϣ
ǺĵֿҲͷۻģټϱ޴ͷϵѪȻһʱ޷
𣡡޵ˣʱ뽩ֱǺһȭȭͷΪƵݺݵǺĶϣ
ײðĻǣǺĶǾȻ𣬷޵ϵۼ׾Ȼƣ
𣡡ָǺ˲佫ԼĶǴ̽޵壡
ǺĶǼӲޱȣûκ谭ʹ̽޵壬⻹ûнϾȻһűڱӰ޵϶һı
ЩȻʼӣ޵嶼һ㺮
ǺˬðԼĹڱɱˣ
ۣǺ׼ԼĽǰγʱȴŬ޷ƶֺ·ԼĽѾһһ㣡
Ǻ־ǣͨĶǼıȻûκεķӦǺ󾪣鱻ںϾƾ޵ⲢʲôͷһѪҲûʲôֻʳһѪʳɸԭһűԼƵĻǾһˣ
ǺҪһűǱȴȫǺĿƣڱеζǺŬûһ㷴Ӧ
𣡡Ǻˣ˲βͲϺϵı飬ͼȡ
ǺβһһεĻڱϣƽʱԿɽʯĳȻûڱһ˿ƣһ˿ƣ˵ľӨ࣬һƻõĸоıȴǺĸо
֮֮Ѿ
ӣʲôʲôޣʲôˣֻܣԶԶѾĹ
䣡䣡ǺβͲϵĺű飬Ӳۼ˿ѣӨıһ˿ѪǱȴ˿ûļ
𣡡Ǻˣ岻ŤţԼĶŪҲνˣʤһУ
žͻȻһֻץסǺĶǣ
һĪĿ־Ǻͷ漴ҵֻͬɽһ㣬Ǻε˿
Ǻ۾ĶűԼסޣ޵˫Ѿˮɫһɫº͵ɫǺڴ
޵ϲϵðһŰɫıЩƺͨǺĶðģһһյڡ
ڵСٵתɫıϵӿ޵壬ɫĵطȫһϸСı飬Щڻȫڽ޵壬ʣıȫСգ
ǺۿɼٶѸٵĸɱȥǰһӻݵǺʱȴͬˣ·һ䵹һ㣬ͷϵҲʧȥ˹ͬʯͷһ㣡
ž޵΢΢һ⡰᲻ɴݡĶ˲仯һŷĩһŰɫС޵֮С
ûֱӽС˽ȥ޵ıһѣƳһʧȥǺһţСǧеİΪ޵ʳʬ޴棡
޿뿪ķһۣ漴ȥ
¶һ˿Ц⣬޵ʤѾ֪Ȼʧȥϵ֪Ӯˣ
ûãͱ㿴һɫӰ΢΢һЦζһеᦣ˲仯ΪһӰ֮У
ȷû׷֮һط䣡
Ϳ΢΢ЦЦһ«Ƶ˹ȥʱƶһ޴սܼ˳ʱѾܿɹˡ
͵ݹ˵ͷûƴǣССڵĺѾǷ˶ԷôˣҲںһ㣬νծ˲Ҳеƹˤ˼ˡ
Ƴһ۶һԵͣ϶ܵʦûһǼٵģԸԭҲûȥЩܵȤ
䣡ûеһһɫĽâͨأ
ʦ᳤ֵ磡һ
ʦ֣죡һ㶡
ţʦֵĴսʦֿ϶ǿˣ˵
̾˿ȻҪȥԮˣ
ʦ᳤ֵѪĿ졣
ʱһħ߹һʿ룬ڽʮʿΧסǰæ鲻
ѪģΪԪһڵӾȻħǿľʹ
᣿ѪЦһ
зͣһâҵĺѪģȴѪϵѪֵ
ʦĪˣҿгѪ»ģĽâ˲ңѪЦ
ҲʦʢȭȭҲ󰡣ѪЦ
ϴһķһѪ˵ѪҺȻӿ󾪣æסԼ˿ڣѪҺȻȥ²һյʱҪѪ
ѪȫѪĹâѪֹ·Ŀ֣
ͬΪӢӣѪĵʱȴܣйȻ˵ԭ򣬵ѪǿʵҲչ¶ţϾڳʿҲұ֤Լܹ׵Ļ˵죡
ɱͬţҿŽ
ɵ˰ɣ˶Ҫ˻˵𣿡ѪЦһ
ѪѪʳָһ㣬һѪҺʳָ䣬һöӣ
ʦ֣һֱصʽöѪһͻѪܣȻѪҺȫȻѪһһ࣬ʱᱻѪ״ޱȵңѪЦ
ôټˣ
ͣѪʳָһ
žͻĺѪ붳ᣡ
Ѫɫһ䣺飡
漴ѪĸܵϤϢ·㲻ߣ㴳ͣû뵽ĵ֪֮ﻹ
ѪĻعͷˣɱ


94 Ѫս
һԼĺԼ
첻Ӽʵȴԭ̤ѪЦһ
鿴ŲѪüͷһ壬һźƮ˿ȫᣡ
Ѫеļ֮ɫһѪħеķô򵥾ƽĻħŻô㣡
Ȼʹ˿ڱסѪֹסȾ˺ɫ
üͷߵߣӿѪҡҡͷ㹻ݣ
ͻšѪħеһЩ
ѪԵطѪΪϷöԷѪֹķ˲ҵ˹ⷨϢ
Ѫһ˵ҲҪ
ҪѪͱѧӦķҪѧⷨҪʮΪĿǰΪͰ첻
ͿĨ˿ڣûõĻû취ˣסѪģͽһС«˵
ͣҾҪΪҵܱܵ𣡡Ѫĺ
˵꣬ѪͻȻڲһתɲǼһʺѪɫŨʹȿֺðžͻΪʮɸߵѪƣڵϯ
һż첻ѪĵΪѾ˷츲صı仯ˣҲ֪Ѫģ
ͼˣҲҳɣķɻȫգۼ䣬ͻΪһ׹⣬ٵķȥ
С㻹֪ɣ⡶ѪħĶǲһĿ죬Ӳȥģ
ѪĵĿЦʱ̸͵
Ȼûлͷ͵ȷоԷƺԽԽˡ
ѪĵĶȻıȷɻҪһ͵ɫ࣡
תۼ䣬İ׹Ѫƣһǰһ׷أ߼ľȴѽʮԶˡ
ͳԾѪĸԾѪ֮Ȼ㲻ģҪҳѪ֮ҪҲһѶȣ׷ôþȻû׷һ˲СӣѪĸе˼飡
֪ȥĿ϶ᱻԷץסҪľסѪģýдϢʱԽ˵ʵЩħŵκβǣֻҪǳֵʱǾܽЩʿһЩʿôǾܶԸѪģ
֮ѪĻȥĻܸıսһôԼ³Ҳòȥȥһɲǿʼ;ѾԼͽ˰һˣ
һһͳСȻԶһ£˼˼ţټ񱼶ȥϴ˺¡¡ı
ѪĲܣѪƽЩס
ʱѪĿͻȻȥļХХѪȻ䱩תۼ鲼֮ơ
ÿ죡Ͱһ
ϵѪƣٶһκһĴӺһ·ӿ͵ǰѸӿ˲ͽ˴˰С
;üæͣˣӴͳ˶Ƿɵ
ǻΪһâײѪƣǽһʱ䣬Ǿͱ˻
ѪĵһѳǹǹͷǹŻʺɫ
ͿѳǹǵӦѷ˰ɣ
ǵһʴǡˣʴ֮ҲˣѪЦһ
ҿɸܲκεңƳһʴǵ˵
֪𣿴ҿĵһ۾ͺ㣬ΪɱҵܵܣΪӣֻһߣȴǷƵ·͸һ㣡Ѫüͷ
ǵǲ˼ˣˣЦ
˾ͲӦϣѪĺ
ʴǳû뵽ǣĲѪɫǹͷѪɫϸ˿ЩѪ˿һž޴ƺҪͶס
Ѫ˿ǺķҲٵľɵģͷһˣúһѪ˿ɣѪЦ
ǣһɵâ˲пѪ˿
Ҳûʲô˲һоͶϣͲм˵
͵ͷûӿѪļЦ˷˽
Ҳ̫СҵѪ˿˰ɣ
˲䣬ЩжϵѪ˿͸ԭˣǶһתۼǾͱЩѪ˿ס޷
Ѫ˿һѪⲻϵ֮У
ףѷɵȻѪ۵ʴѷҪˣѪЦһ
ɫһеǾĸ˲ɳ
䣡ӽɳһɫ׵粻£Ѫ˿׷߽⣡
ңѪĴһջѪ˿Ѫ˿ķ˴Ƶģȥôôۣܲ
Ϳ˿еǾĸϵѪĵĿǣԼΪ²ܽⷨȫӳȻ˵סѪľǻɱҲδûпܣ
ͣҪѪ˫Ŀͨ죡
еʴǼŨҵѪζ̶ֱ
ͷ𷴻ǾĸһԲסѪĵʴǣϵĵ绡ʴϵѪ⣡
ѪĺһʴϵѪʢȻڸסǾĸϵĵ⣡
ȥɣѪ͵һһɺɫĹâ̴Ǿĸķֱָͣ
ˣһͻȻѪֻԼһȻеƲסԼ壬ʴǵĹҲһ٣ⱾʮþȵһоȻƫˣ
ȣһɫĵ绡Ѫĵ塣绡Ѫ˲˹ϵĳѪµıɫ绡ûиʲô˺
ӣϾȻӣ㵽ɱ¡࣡ѪľȵĿ͡
¡ĿҷΪħѪĶԴȻû뵽ӵӵ¡ྐྵȻСϣ
Ϳ˿еĽɫС΢΢̾˿Сû𻵵Ļһ˲õķǱ֮½һ룬ֻͻϮˣ
һͣȻеŵѪһ
ʴͬһͺԼΪս϶ȲѪģͬһĹûѡܣΪ⼸Ǳܲģ
չܣ͵ǰſһɫĹĻʴǴڹĻϷˡ죡
ÿһ춼ýɫĹĻζѣѹƣͱѪѹסˣ
Ȼֵĺ࣬ȴţѪļԼĹʱ޷͵ķһһɫСУ
ѪֻҡһɫС죬ɲǼնɫķ
ķдڽչܵĹĻϸ˾޴ѹȻЩеǿȲ֮ǰʴǣʤ࣬ķйǿ˾;ëȻ
ѪЦһӵĹܿɲֻһ㣬⻹ֻһͷˣ


95 Ѫū
΢еʶĻһϳѪеǺڻԪһҲǴʯɽɾ֮ʱƵķиǾнһͷԵľǣԵɺ֮䵽ѪĵС
ȣķУ޾ķвϵײŽչܵĽɫ֣ģ͵ͷѾ˺飬άֽչܵķֿɲһɵ飬ټѪ޾Ĺ˵һ޴ĸ
Ѫһ˿֮ɫҶѲΪʵѾʮʿ𣿡
ʧʴһγ֣һֱ͡
ҪԸķжѾǿܵѪǿƵһ
ʴѪɫǹͷĵ˽ɫĹĻϣǹͷϵѪⲻϵȻǹ˽չܵĹâɫķѪƵѹһһСһ˿˿ƣЩƲϵ󣬲ϵ
žڣһɫķȫˣҲûжֵѪƣʴǸֱײ˽չܣ
䣡ֻԼؿǱ޴һ㣡
ͣľʹιȥ
ͲŵĿԼĸһѪɫĳǹᴩĸʴѪתһʹ֪Ⲣǻþʵ
ʴǴ͸˽չֱӴԼ壡
̴չܣʲôҪ֪չܿƷƷķǿ󣬼ʹʿҲ׽𻵰ȴһʿУβ;ȣ
ѪЦţƷΪƷһʧ𣿡
ۣۣѪתʴǣ͸Ѫⲻϵת͸˿ԽԽҲȫ𣬻ͨʿпȥܹ״ڳҪͨʿǿϲ٣ʹ͵ʶȻѣ
ҲֻһˣȥĻ͵жôǿ󶼱ɣ
ޣʹһ
һɫӰ˲䵲͵ǰһȭѪģѪһ˲ŰɱͣʴǼٺˣʴǸǵǰ
䣡޴ʹʴжȥ˴󲿷ֵ޵һȭȻѪĳ˲СĿ
ɱɫ԰׵˵
޵۾˲Ѫɫϸɢޱǿɱ⣡
˿Լ˿üͷصһЩƵĻ²յĹԼͿȥүˣԼҲûбϿ˼򵥣˿ϾȻһѪɷ֮ΧƣתԼ޷ȥ
ȡһƿʯ飬ȡһ̽УתеʯҲһξͻָ˲٣Ȼ˿˺ˣǹɾҵĴʹȴ˲١
Χ˿ϵѪɷ֮ʯĳˢ½ı䵭
أ
أ
ԭϴ򶷵һһεĻȭѪģÿѪĶƾԼеʴǵס޵ȭͷ
ѪĿ˿ԼķĻһ֪õģǹͷѾʿҪǿˣźһͷﲢʲôķУÿһιƾǾ޴ĵȻʩչ
˵ײһͷֻɵĹˣȻǿ׵ȴûʲôв
ͷƤʴǵĹȻֻۼһӡ͸
ҪͿѪĵʴǾȻ޵˺۵Ļһһ޵ķǿףʹǾĸͶǶ޷ۼκε˺ۣѪĵʴǾȻǿһж޵ۼ˺ۣ
𣡡ȻѪĲ޶ǵõȴǲݣ˵͵ΨһȻ˵Ҫɱǰˣôǰ˾ͱ
Ѫüͷһ壬еʴѪһ޺ݺݵĻڵ棡
ȴ·ûһ㣬һµȭ˼򵥵ĶѾظʮ飬ѪҲǵһֿսִ߲Ҳû飡
ѪĿڵϻָԼƵʱɫһ䣬Ȼ͵ΪôߣǸַԼǶʴǺشһͻָĻ鷳һ
ѪūѪ˾Ѫ֮ͻȻһ󷭹ʮɵѪ˲ϰɣʹеҲе̲ס۾
ֻߴɵѪ֮оȻ¶һףЩ׸һģ޵ģЩ׵ıȴǳһ£ʹ࣬Щײϵİţ֮ͷƤ顣
ʹǴ˵еʮ˲Ҳ˰ɣ뵽
ȫ͵ԤˣΪЩȻֲҲֻˣѪ֮еЩ׾ȻʼŤѪƣڵϣ⻹꣬һѪ£Щ׽ϵһЩ׾ȻֽţЩȫѪҺɵĹﾹȻ
𣡡ЩѪɫĹеһһĿͣ
𣡡ƺ͵ΣգѪģɱ͵ߣ͵Ѫɫȫɣ
žžЩѪɫĹﱻһȭɣڵϻһѪۣ
๾࣡ЩɢѪ۾ȻںһģģһһγϢȵǰ
ЩﾹȻǲ֮
ͣΪһͷͿԾȵһͷϿһȺЩﶼǲֶ֮ͨҲӲҵģѪķЦ
͵ɫ࣬ǵһʹڡѪħ֮Ҳûмطط֮󣬾Ȼ
ͳΪѪūʳϰɡҲֻ뽫ʬΰˣԼʶôȻͼҲֲңѪЦ
ޣʱ䣬ҪЩѪūң˵һͱ۾ȫڵʯ飡
ʯ׹֮ЧصƶѾס˿ϵѪɷ֮ǼʧһٷĹ;ָܻĶʱ㲻սʤѪҲû⡣
Ѿ｣ôʱ䣬ҲӦòˣ
ЩѪūжӵŲԵĻ¾ٶҲģΪԣЩжѪūʮʿҪֲƾιǶặηĳ
ÿһ޺ɱһͷѪūѪ֮оͻήһѪ⣬Ѫūԭ޲֪ƣִ͵ĹѪū
Ҳˣһʿδ޾Ѫū֧֮
ѪҲ¶һ˿ͷɫû뵽޻Ѳɣ


96 Ǻ
ڣͱŵ۾˿˿ҲѪɫҲ֮ǰҰףеѾܹжˣ
;Ȼô̵ʱסԼƣѪĸеܳԾ͵˿ŨصѪɷ֮Ѫɷܹ֮谭˿ڵϣѪǽȴ֤µѪɷ֮ûвʲôЧ
Ѫһһʮ
ͬʱ˷ѪͬʱŴһһѪȿֺ
ɫľȻеǾĸķ겻͸ЩѪһײȥ̾ͻᱻе֧飬»ΪѪơ
һɱϰֻѪǸԴԴϵĵʱ̾һ
ȻγˣЩﾹȻնɱģɱһֻͻЩѪеһֻһֱάʮֻӡ
Ѫģˡ
뵽Ȼȥˡ
һģͳһƷ߰ʮŵӡţһȫһѪ˳ȥʱ򡢱׶֮Ķͷķ˹ȥҺԼ˲ָ
Щڻɱ˴Ѫūֱ֮Ӻ˸ߴɵѪ֮ϣ
еѪƾȻһ󷭹ƺܹĳ̶ֳϿЩѪ
һͳһѷ䣬һȫǻͬ鵯һ㲻ϵĺѪƣڻĺߴɵѪƾȻбһͨƣ
ĵ
ѪĵȵϾȻôķ֮⡣
ȻѪĸͷУɻ治ԼѪȥӲЩϾѪۻ֮µľǻԼ׵յķΪ͵ȵĻϵģһըҲܱͺһ·ڷĹΪѪۻ෨ԣôµġ
Ѫɫһ䣬еһҡ漴͡
ѵǰЩһ֮һը֮⣬Ѫ˿û
ɫһɵðĿ򡣵δ֣෽ҲķΧͬʱѪĵЦ˹Ϊлɳ𣿹ԹԵѪūĿвͰɣ뿴±Ѫʳ³Ѫܵĳ棬϶֮ҿЩȲ뿴ˣ
ѪĵĿЦٴ˴֮֮
ӣ
һʹӦٴλζѪūһ߶亹ֱðļӦ֮ߡ
ʱĺѾһöԪ̽˿УʼһЩˡϾԴԴϵĽɱѪ˲ʿгԲˣ
ѪģϥѪˣͣһһѪ泩֮ˡ
ǱʮѪūŬЩѪūţƤһճޣѪĵͼԣҪЩѪūסޣ޺ͻͣ
ʹһ
˲䣬͵ΧȻʥ޵Ȼֻ⻯ȴޱȵѹ
𣡡
𣡡
𣡡
𣡡
漴׻ȸ䣬بĴһչֳױȵ
ĵͬʱ͵ϣĲʵĹâ˲佫п͵Ѫūնɱǿ͵ѪūȫƬ
Ѫüͷû뵽ҪͷϾȻ䣬Ĵ޵ֻҪǸĲ֪οΪ͵ķһǿ
ϻзСˣѪıϾʶ㲩˲ˣ
ΪҾ˲𣿡Ѫһ
˵˻ѪͻȻʳָǣҧһ£ȻƿڴһŨޱȵѪµѪСѪڣ۾Ĵ߶
ѪĿĻ³ԭںܵʺɫѪƽתԽԽ죬Ĵѹ˹ȥЩѪԶڲӰ
һ㶣ѪΪʲôὫЩѪūջȥѪľԲ󷢴ȱһôôʲôֲĹ
𣡡Ѫ֮ͻȻ˾޴ĺ
ȻһȻ˵Ϥ
ǺԼ׷·ŵĶƷޣĻڻ֪ʲô³أ
ļǵͷƷѾնɱڵɣôΪΣΪѪ֮лǺĽ
𣡡
𣡡
ͬѪ֮д
ͷǺ͵ɫޱѿ
һͷǺƴһսôͷǺĻʹҲԵֵټһĪѪģ;ԼѾʧȥʤ㣡
𣡡ѪǺͷ­һͷСǺ˳
һһСĪģͷǺ֮΢΢˿
ɱѪһһһСǺų͡
ԸͷģСĽңһĻǿܹͷСǺһͷСǺδֻ꣬һƷޣ
𣡡СǺһˣȴſɻɶǾĸϵɫ绡˲Ǻͷ­Ϊؼ֮Ѫɷ֮ĿǣСǺܵ׵Ĺ˲䱬ѿ
ѪһһѪ֮âСǺѵͷ­˲临ԭβһɨ͵ĸ
ˣĲʹâһסһǽежȥûвһ˿𵴣
Ͳɵĵ˵ͷȻǲͬ죬Ȼֻԭȵİٷ֮һǧ֮һҲǽᵤʿʹõķʿʹõķϿر𣬸ոյһʹǶýչҲܽежȥȴˣ
Ѫһ˿̰ݿϧޱȣÿһöſʿ˵ǸϧķͷˣϵĻʹʿҲκβ
𣡡Ǻͷ­һαͿ£ѪİΧ»ָԭ״
Ѫū֮ǺȻӵ˲֮ǿĺͼӲۼȴȫʧˣȻҲͼ򵥵ľͿȥͷ­
ͳһöԪӽָĵһ߹Ǻʱʱķһɫĵ绡Ѫơ
״˰ʱŴĻԪ֧ŵĻͻļֲ
Ѫƺһ㣬ֻǾѪ֮ϣϵĴһǺͣѪĴľҪ͡
ƺ֮ķͻԪƻѾ˰ʱˣѾٵˣ䣡
ʴһγѪĵУ
ѪҪˣ


97 ˵
Ѫʴ͵͵һʱѾ쵽ˣһͷСǺѾͷöˣټһѪĵĻΣˡ
ǺȻռϷ磬ڲҲʹս˽״̬޸ŭڱѪūǺް취
Һܲ죬ĺܲ죬û뵽㾹ȻܳŵزѪƾȻһݣѪһһһѪƣʴѪϻһƣ
üͷԵĻھͷߣѪʵ̫ˣڻԪһڵһսʱѪĿķ֮һʵûзӳ
㲻һ˲ʿϵķͱȴҶΪ֮ĶһʦܵõôĺôѪĲм˵
ͳĬҪֵСǺĹҪѪģ
ѪĵʴǻĲѪ֮УɲǼѪƷ˾ҵĻζ漴Ѫɵʴͬһ£޲ĹͺޣһһСǺ˹Χ
˲һһСǺ㱻ʴ͸ǣһһСǺƺûܵκε˺ЩʴǴǲȱۼ֮ϣ
𣡡ЩѪǹûܵκε谭ȻֱӴ̴ǼӲۼף
ͼֱԼ۾޵ۼ׵ļӲ̶ȿºͽչҲʤһﰡȻ𣬵Ҳ˴ɣЩѪǹȻǼӲۼֱӴ̽޵壡
ۣЩ̽ѪǹתۼͻһѪڽ޵壬޺ɫ徹Ȼ޵ĺɫ
ЩֱѪǹٿӣ˵ʲôҲЩѪǹԼҲұ֤ԼܹѪǹɲԼģ
ಣķɻ˲ſ͵ٶ˲ڷɻİնյĶѪǹһϵеĹѪǹĹܼζܶѪǹУ
䣡ɲǼ
ͣһѪǹ谭Ĵ̽͵壬漴һѪ͵֮У
ͱԼѪǹѪЦһѪǹʱʧ
ѪƻûʴÿһѶ൱ȫһķǿǵҲĵĲ˰ɣΣҵѪǹ֮ĸоΣ
ɫһоԼƺܵʲôĿҧһ㣡
ۣ
ѪѪЦһѾʼ˰Ѫǹ޷ɱ˵ģǻѪ֮Ѫǹͻ
һöѪɫСѪĵָ⣡
ѪԸģȴˣûϵܲ˵Ķˣʱһоʹɣǧֻڿʳ࣬ʹѪ¶˽Цݡ
ʱѾͷ󺹣Ѫ͵תЩѪ벻ϵĴ̽͵Ѫܣ࣬Ҳǧٿף
͵ѪΪͱɵʱȴ˸ľٶ
Ǿĸ˲̽Լ壡
ȣɫĵ˲͵壡
ѪĲ⣬ǿɫĵ绡ʱȴɫһ䣬ɫӵĿǳ鴤ͣ㹻ݣ
׵֮Ѫɷ֮ĿǣҲǻһ㣬ͽǾĸϵĵԼԿЩѪ룡
ǵͬɱΪһûпƺõĻûеѪɱѾЩɽ̿ˣ
ʵȴ֤ƴһӮˣڵѪ׵֮Ľɱ֮ʧĸɸɾ
𣡡ȫѪ޵۾˲ˮɫΧĺ˲ڣ˫ƳסǺɭȻĺ˲佫ѪƻûҲǺһѪɫı
ѪһæʮѪ֮Ѫ⣬ǺУȴû˿ı仯
ѪĶסһ㺮㵲סѪĽ룬ûѪĲǺͲǲ֮ǿĲ֮ת˲ͱ
ǧ꺮Ѫһ˿ȡ
Ҳֻǧ꺮̶ֳȲܵסѪƵѪ⣡
ޣѪƸסͼæ
𣡡˫һи³һںֱѪƣ
ѪһԸһķѪ֮УѪū˲˳޵ǰһźȻʮֻѪū˱񣬵һźҲΪ̣
ۣʮֻѪū޵ϣͼֹ޵ж
޵۾һˮɫϾͻԶɢɭȻĺʹҲҿ
ЩѪūһɲǾѾһ
ǿĺѪüͷͻȻðȫļƻǿֲĺѾܹѪƣһѪƱᣬѪ˵һ޴ʧΪпܵ䣡
ԼǿĲ⺮ǰͬСһɳٵѪū޷ӽޣ˵ֹ޵ж
Ѫ΢΢̾˿еķ֮ɫȥ֪ڵѾɱͣʧǲ֪͵߻ֲĹţ
һ˲ʿ߾ȻһͷʿĹ˲֮ȶ޻Ҫֲټǿֲĺ¾ʿҲҪͷʹޱȣ
ѪѪƣΪһѪֻ뿪ԼٴĻɱͷǱͷ¾
Ѫ뿪һɲԭѪ𣬽ĸѪĵ
һƨ˵ϣڵĴһڹŹؿת˺üȦв촦˰
ಣݹѸٷ
ͼæޣװ˵һô棬ʵҲװκֻҪ˿ڶΪѾˣ
ʦ壡鿴µ;˳
漴˶˵̲סüͷԭǶΪѾڽˣеǵˣ
ҲǴҪֻѪ֮ǰչֳʵʵ̫ǿˣʹͬΪӢӵ춼Ұܣڳ֮˳˽ܹ֮֮ƥУһ˲ʿȻסѪĳʱ֮ã
Ҳǿʱɱʿ
˵ĺأûаµʱѸԭԵļһ˵
Ľչܵʱһ⣺Ʒ
ȻѾ㣬ǽչǵɲ׾ͱϳ
һ˵ȻƷǿܹѪİʱҲôˣֻǵǿǲĽչܵʱ̲סһƷƻѪĵǿ˺ֵز
˼ĿһۣһһִͷŶ˿ĸо󽣳üͷߵһߣſӿݵսüͷĸˣ
ܿóԲһ浹ս˫úܼңЩʱ򽣳˼Ŀһۣ


98 
͹۲һᣬֳ˽ص⣬༸ϻٵĶˣΨһֻнˣƮƮƺûܵʲôˣ
Ⱥ֮ͻ̺ѩʱŮȴɫ԰ףվŶǿˡ
ͿǣŮȻҲͣʱŮɫʮֹŹ֣ҲҲ벻ǵ˾Ȼǽ˵ʦ壡
һȺ˱Ͱ̾һȥĻ˶ˣһѪľˣټЩûħʿûʤ㣡
һش֮ͱ۾Ķ˲СӰ죬Ѫĵһǹȫܹȫǿʯ칦Ч
λѪĹħѾ֤ȷ䣬ҰҲȻңǱŽһֿܵѪģİ˵
ֿƾ⼸ˣһ״һ
üͷϵȷûˣĴӢӣһ飬Ȼ̺ѩټʮλʿҲʮˣҪƾʮ˶ԿѪħʿԷʮϣΪҪ֮Կǧѣ
ʦ壬ôСʵ
۾ҡҡͷû취ħŵʵ̫ǿԤıɵĵѾʧѾʧȥȻСǧ֮мħʿˣʮ֮гʱ佫ǻɱ
ô˵üͷ
ͿĽЦЦλϯһҲżԽʵֻҪӿѪҲסɡ
λϵҩóɣڿɲǲ˽ʱ򣬾ĵѻָս̾˿˵
ɽׯʿһû˵ʲôǴҶǵ˼
˭Ը⽫ԼҩóأԼؼʱܾԼһֳȥеӵ˶ô
һλĻòҪˣЩС
ҡҡͷӴóƿشǻشÿƿʮλȥðɡ
һ㶣ʵǽڵʿסˣ˫ĶסеĻشһƿشȻʮҪ֪شһƿֻʹһƿشҲҪһƷʯܹĶ
ĵҩ;Ȼһó˶ʮ˰ʯ
ҲǾȵĿͣתһ룬λʦƷҩѪյóóôĻشҲûôˡ
֪͵ϸ˶̲ס̾һиʦǺðʲôóˣ
Ҫ֪ЩشƵĻҲ֪ǻθ룡
ȻΪǽģǸҲһҰˣô͵죬Ҳһ֮նƷҩơЩӢӶôġ
л̳һ񣬽͵ĻشһȥڵϵϢ֮ܵأֵܹס
̿ͷʿҲнһشڵϵϢ
ܣܽնɱһںʿȫѪĵǰ
ѪҡҡͷˣнмҲĶ֣һǱʧˣҲûϵ;ȻѲߵǸǺˣʿʵ
ǵǾߴɵĵӣڲдĵӶۼһҪǻɱѶ˺ܶ࣡
޷ܼôҲǵı£Сǧô󣬿϶ʿ䵥ħɱǵǽЩ䵥ʿɱڽǷԸѪĵ˵
ͣҾһˣѪЦһ
ͣıϵĳԤ׵Ķˣ漴һͷʬ
ۣħ߹Ȼħŵʿ
ʿĿͷʬ壬֮оȻûһ˷˿
͵ûһ˿ľţע⵽ʿˣһǽһһ顣
кһ裬֮У
һ֮д
һȻ鴫һ˲䣬ʮλʿΧס
һһУ»صС
ɱʮλʿԼħ߹ˣ
ӭУһǹƥ˵Ⱥ֮УȻһֵ֮һϵĺʿ
һˮ˲ѳʮСϹʿ
ʿĹǱ֧穣ɾ
𣡡
𣡡
ͻȻ˼޺ɽׯʿѾųǵޣһͷױ׻һͷ񣬻Сߣ
ɽׯʿе޾Ȼħʿѹסˣ
̵սǼ򵥣һϴ֮Уת֮ͽһʿճ˽̿۾ϵѺһ໹ʹһΰˣ
᳤磡һɫĽâ˲佫һʿû촭Ŵֳֻŵأڻûָ˵һлеǿ
ǲÿʿֵܵħŵĽڵһ֮оλŵʿ䡣
ıҫ۵ģ˶ֵϵĺʿһһ˲ӲӣΧĺʿһʮһ㣬ʮĸ֣ڽӳĽâ¾Ȼ˸ҿ
ҲûвģǴ˵³ȴкʿΪ֮һʬʲˣʱΧѾγһƬյشĽأκͼҪ˶븶ۣ
ðԵĽʲôĽȻа̾
ʶʵ֮ͲµһΧĺʿһǸ֣ʮȴκβ˽ʹӵҲ˵Լܹʮ˵Χ´
ɱĽбˣתΪƣ
ʿѹ֮ǰֻҪ뽣âķΧû£ڽתΪâͬ۾һ㹥˺ʿ
ԽĽâЩʿ׷׼ħ߹ֵ
֪ĸʿһĺʿæˣ
ĬջԼĳһصûκεı顣
ȻɱʮʿǼʧҲСˣԭֻжʮ˵Ķ˲ʮˣʧȥսʿһĻͻᱻɢ
ûаûпȥѾȥŵ˻ţѾûȥΪЩʲôΨһܹľԼȥ


99 Ѫ
֮͵˼ڿ־жȹģнⶨŵĻһ֧ˣ
͸óԼеĻشָˣڶһϵƣһܲʹţڼʶѪĵǰѪƺͲѪū֮Ҳû˵޹ȻԵסѪģһѪľƣڱˣЩħʿˣ
ɸһս
ԶѪһкβң
ѪˣǿƣʹͽʦҲضˣİüͷ
ֻһһҪؾǽһаٵʵǿۼһܣ֧ͻѪĵʵǿȻһϢ
λСģѪһаٻѪūѵ
Ѫūüͷһ
㲻ҪţʲôѪūȫԼԼɽׯһʿһ
ͬʱɽׯʿȻؿһʹδôʱһֻѪֱܵ۴ǰ͸Ѫָһ΢΢䶯Բζ
ֻһת۷ڣ߻˼֮ɫ
͵ɫѿΪδѪĿʼս߾һˣ
ǲҾԶԶûнһʿؿڱץ
ڼôͬŲǰʹİˣҲûпʼʱǹ첻µزµˡ
ֻѪĵһֲֻ˵ؿڴſһ֮ⶼûУɫ糣΢Цš
˺Ѫðҫ۵Ѫ⣬ͨѪĲؿڴֱۣ˵Ѫӵһ𣬽ϵѪ⿪ʼѪȥԽѪߵģҲԼſĿɿڴ
ȻϵĹ⻪ԽԽƤҲһĸɱȥѪϵѪԽԽǿ
ʲôа캧Ȼʧ
̺ѩ̲ס˳Ȼɱ¾ǺѪȿֲĳ棬Ѫ̸Ц֮侹Ȼնɱˣľ֮оȻһ˶ԴӦ˭ܱ֤һǲԼأ
֣Ҳ֪һʿ˳ڵʿӳһѷ䣬򣬱ŷ䣬˲佫Ѫû
ŷɵƾ󣬱ϾʯѪҲһǿЩֻ͵ȵķ㲻ᣬԼΧѪģ⿿ЩͼǾԲܴķֵġ
ȻЩô죬Ѫ֮ѪȻȻ
ɱͳѪĵĿзĺʿ˲ӿѪѪƵڱ֮£ʹҲûвЩʿĳ֡
ʮ˸ʿǽҲ̲סüͷһʿãħŵʿȻʮһʮģȲ˵ħŴðô߽ʿЩʿνСǧһ⣡
ǽģʵ
ģѪЦһ
һ漴ɫ䣺һħţص֮ݵɶƭˣ
ܴµһˣʹҲעҪѪ¶Цݡ
ħʿαװСʿǺôֱʣһ
ô˵˵ɫһ䣬ҲڽΪʲôĪĳôħʿȻʮ߽ʿע⣬һ߽ʿȴȫۣħǽЩʿֿɢ䵽֮У
һνСǧ˵Ҳʮÿһ߽ʿҲΪ棬ħŽһƭˣЩʿ³Ҳö˵ˣ
һγʣݺᣬûкʿҿ
ɣҿ㵽жٽֱָѪģ
⣡ѪĵʴǳУ
ǹཻɫĽâѪ⽻֯һ˲ǿҵķ籩˵սΧھȻܹ
ʶģ˶Զ˵սΧ֪һУԵȫʬ
ңͺ鱳
һ㶣漴˵ͷͱߴˣеˮϴһâʿˣ


һŵʿؿڱʿ˺ѣ˲ҵĽɽׯʿǱһΣ
ɱͬŵȥЩʿøӷ˭֪ѾһսϵĲȴֲûмֶãһֻʣ߰ˣͺԽԽԶѾ˴󲿶ӣ
ǵʮʿĸţ
ޣɱ͵ͺһ
𣡡һӰһץסһʿ˫һоѪ꣡
ɱҲ˽Ǿĸ˲ɳ׵һǵ£
⧲֮ºʿ׷У˲ɫģеˮ˲ֳʮС
ɽʮСһХһڽʿ£
󤽣ʿ¶˿־ɫæ˺һھѪ³еħ߹Ѫʢħ߹ȻһѪסı󤣡
æʿŭ
ҴĺʿŷӦ׷³һھѪеѪȻѹסı󤣡
𣡡ֲ߽µʱȻ˳һȭѪ֮ϣ
Ѫ䣬߰ħ߹Ȼһȭķѣ
ʲôʿεѣ޵ǿǳԾ
λңҴ߶Ѫ֮⣡һʿɫһ
ĺʿ˵ͷ漴һֻͭ˿УźʿһĴ룬ֻͭȻԽԽ
𣡡ƺͭĿֲϵŭţ
䣡ͭǵһСɽһСʱ򣬺ʿһͬɽһͭ˲£
أһƺߣͭݺݵ޵ϣ
Ȼ׸˫ַһţȻסѪ׹䣬Ѫϴľ޴˫һ붼û˵棡
СǿȻѹסޣо޵Ȼܹѹסޣһ֤䷨Ĳ
ǿڼӰͷĺʿ
ۣ
һھѪ߸ʿľѪ֮ѪϾȻֳһ·Ѫɫ·ЩѪɫ·һ⣬ѪϣѪ˲˲٣
ۣ
˫ϵۼ׾Ȼʼѣɼ޳ܵǺ֮
ޣʹһ
𣡡޵۾˲ΪѪɫ˫ȾȻһһ̧
һ֣Ȼ޸ͳŲ˵
˵ͷеˮһλӶеǾĸǾۺϵһ
ȣͬһʱ䣬ͬʱԼǿһ
ɽ
ıɽһγ֣ͬǣɫıʱѾɫϸֳһɫĵ绡˵ǿһȻںϵһ


100 Ѫ
䣡ɫĵ˲еѪ
û뵽ҵĹȻûʲôʵԵЧѪֻǻζ˼£漴ںʿעһȶѹޣ
⵽ʲôȻаţһƷҲܴɣѪȻһ鶼ûУüͷ
µķȻͬ죡ʿЦ
𣡡Ѫѹס޷˲ʵŭ
ͺ鶼ӶԷ۾п˾ɫ
Ʒ˻³ĸ֣
һƷɶӰ죬ͿģΪһƷԪһںɽׯϧ˺ƤһƷǵǰβǾȣ
ɫޱȵѿȻϷ٣иƷҪƷǲոյһѾǿһˣǳѪζ˼֮⣬ûʵԵЧ
ټһһͷʿ
ۣ
ۣ

߸ʿһһھѪѪϵѪޱȵѪ˲һ˲޳ɥʧ˵ֿ˫ըѣ嶼ͬɽһѪѹ˵ϣ
һھѪĺʿҲܣƷȷͬʱҲôÿƵģʹ߸ʿҲ۵ˣټһھѪû¾Ѿǲˣ
Ȼ۴һ㣬ɱҲֵˣҲһʼĿģȻѪַô䵽ǵС
Ѫڼǰ޵Ŀ֪֮⿿Լ޷ԿǹĺѪū˵Ǽв޲ܵĻпܶƻӰ죬ѪĽ״Ѫ£ѪƾѪܹѹƵģ
Ͼ޳ηĺͿŵ֮ûбصˣѪ庮ȫ߶ܻɽĳ̶ֳ˵޵Ŀǣ
ĽǵѾˣ·ʿ¶Цݣ
̲סһСǧ̾ޣôҲû뵽ѪĵоȻӵһƷƾƷȻɱޣ
ʿһӣѪ
Ѫ;˳
еʶĺʿϵĶҲһʮ֧ѪѾͺذΧ
һ
𣡡
𣡡
𣡡
𣡡
ŭ漴׻ȸ䣬Ĵʥ˲֣ͺУ
ѪĲʹĻϾȻ޷ǰֺ
˵ķ˰ɣʿ¶һ˿ɵ
֪ʹǷͷЩҲС֮ģ
𣡡ʿһ
ͬСɽһѪһƮص
ˣѪ͵ĹĻϣ
ۣеͺˢˢһѪ۽ǶѪ
ȻסѪ׹䣬Ѫϵľ޴ʹҲ޷ȫһЩನˣ˵ѪΪ
ʦ֣ȥˣڵѾֲ֧˶ˣһ촽ϵĺʿѵ
֪ˣѪȻ̫󣬿Ҳֻʿɣʦ뵽
ˣһ죡
κѾƣֻҪһΣͻȫͺҲѹ࣡
شѪĵڶιʱѾ˹ȥ
ɱʦֵͳʦȴûжѪһھѪ˵ѾǼˣѪĻ˵ɱˣԼҪŲסˣʹԼΪ޵ķĴۣȻڶʱڻüǿǺ֢ҲС
Ѿ֧飬ͺҲѾڻ״̬¼ʹѪҲ׵Ļɱˣ
ʦ֣һǴһ϶ʦ࿴һʿ˵
ʦֵ˵ͷһǾЩ֪ħҲǺǵģ
ʦеħ߹Ѫһϣ
Ǽʹ֧ҲôƵģϾǽᵤʿƵķƷеһƴе¾ɽˣҲ˱
ӲĹǣʦ̲סԼ÷
ǶѪһȫµʶ˷ܱѪº飬Ʒ
ȣҾͲֶ֧ãʦһѪĸǵ޺ɱͣѾɱʣµľֻˣһ˵˲ʿѲѲȥ
ͣΪȺիŮӵ౻ħ߹漴Ѹٵĸɱȥ
ʦã
һǰĺʿҪǰȥԮ漴ħ߹ֱƵ̲òͷֵһ˲䣬λʦõһ߸ɱʬ壡
һսһѾ۽Ȼһ˵ʵǼܲס˶࣬ħʿΧһʿֵܹһ֮⣬ʣʿһ˲ͱʿ¾
ɢȥҶһʿ֮
Ѫ۵ķİһ
ǿűʹһ˻Ϊһ˵֮У
İҲ漴ΪݹɢӣȥѪļսĽ֮⣬Ȼֻʣ˷İģ죬ˣ
ĽҲˣе񽣴ѩҲ𣿡ѪĴ̳һǹ֮Ц
ʴҲˣһʴǵ˵
һֱףѾΪӢӣΪɲ⣬ҲԶˣΪҪѻԪһڣ˵
ѣΪΪǱѻԪһأѪһʴðѪ˿ĴѩĲס
üͷһ壬ѩһ漴Ѫ˿ͱնΣ
һ񽣴ѩԪһڸҰƷ㿴ǶѪкһ
˴˱˴ˣһһâֱѪģ
ɫĽǰĽâ֮ѪĿŽ˵սȻư磬ģƼңʵڻ̽ˣҲֻԼǻû
һֱ֪㱻ʯɽǸϹģ״ʲôѪĶѪģ
֪üͷһ
ѪЦһ㲻˵Ҳ޷һó
ˣʴͻȻһһѪǹɢһѪſѪڣ¶Ǽ
ĺһеĴѩʼ趯һնһĲеĴѩ趯Ƶ˵Э


101 
ˣ͵Դͬ޴һ㣬졣һ˲ʶǵĴǿлٺʲˣҵЧڣȻѪģǲȻЩʿܹƵġ
˹Եûôõĵӣҩ壬ټ׵Ĵʹ͵ҪһʿǿĶࡣ
аԼƻһ£ƾڵ޷ӳЩʿ׷
޾ôˣޱȵϧϾҪһڵĴֿɲһ׵飬޵ǴӺζҪһûа취
⡭ǡͻȻڲԶСͬǣСϾȻûһ˿ĺСʱ֮𣬸;ȵС֮оȻһɫġӣ
߲˵ǳӣϸһ⡰Сӡȫ޵С汾
Сһֱû㶮ʲô޸ˣ˭Ҳ֪Ǵðģ൱صĴڣϵһˡ
Ȼûи㶮ЩСеʲôͷȴʶΪ޲û
ƴˣʧһ㾫Ѫҧҧ
һͽСõ֣漴һ˻Բѵ飬ķɻҲ˲ſ漴һھѪ˷ɻϣ˾ѪɻٶҲֱһգ۾û͵Ӱˡ
ͻľ伸ûиЩʿӦʱ䣬ǷӦʱﻹ͵Ӱӣ
Сӵģʦ̲ס
ҲСٶ̫ˣҲûзӦĺʿ˵
Ÿʲô׷ҪǱ֪ǰ²Ļǵĺùӳԣʦŭ
ʮһʮһϵʿΧһ˲һʮһʿǽƷѪȻöԷˣݶöԷѣѪĳͷԼԼ˽Լͷˣ
ۣɱ֮еһһھѪЩѪһѪ˷ɻ֮Уѩ׵ķɻʱѾͨ죬еʧȥԭȵӡ
ƷзȻ˵Ǿ޽еҲܳƵϡޱȣҴ󲿷ֶʿУѾеˣʿƷ¼ʮʿҲδҵһͿɲԼ֮
ɻٶȱͺˣȫ߶֮¼ʹʮʿڶʱҲץͣټͲҪ³ѪʩչѪٶȸǴﵽ˿ֲĵز
ȻٶȿˣǶҲﵽһֲĳ̶ȣʯ˵챦Ҳֲ˶ã
һʯ֮Ͳ԰׵һ˿ѪɫʯõҲܵģ³ھѪ֮ҲܲˣڵľѪೣ˵Ļ³ھѪܰſˣ
͸ϵƴⲻ֪׷ϵһħʿ̲סˣ⻹˲ʿٶ
ʮĸȫ׷֮͵ӰӶû
СôܣͷʦƵ
Ϊһ˲ʿһöѾǼˣǳһзƷҲ൱߼ٶȸǿˣһգ۾ͽ˦ȻûʲôзʮʿٶҲǷͬѰǾû׷ϣ
һ֮ħʿòҰײҰ׵ģͷ϶ĺӶ£һĹȡһȺʮʿĹҲ൱ѵõĳ档
ھѪ߶Ѫ֮ͣ׷ܼͣһʱ仹ûȥѾǺˣ
ʦ֣ˣʿ˵
һ·񱼶һ޴Ŀ飬ȻҲлԪ࣬һԪҩЧҲҪһʱܷӵģϿûʯ֮ܳйˡ
ʦҧҧȻ׷ǿԷͲ֪ܵȥˣʹ׷ȥҲû塣
ˣȥϣʦּҧ˵ġһ˲СԼǰֱܴ谡
أҲ֪Լ˶Զһͷ˺
࣡淺𼸸ˮ֮͵ͷð˳ŻԲѵһһ
һ򵥵ĶͺȥеڰߴڴŴ
ħŵѲ뵽
˿зӡ޵СüͷȻһԸΪ޲ûǺ޾ȻᱻӡС֮У
ˣˣֱӽСӽ֮С⼸Ѿ͵ϰˣصĶһ㶼ֱ͡
ԼڻҲ̲סЦһֻ˼ھѪˣڵȻˣȹ̵Ļ¹һ߻ħˡ
һϢ˼ʱ֮ͲŽڻҵѹȥڻԵֻǱ˰ˣûء
ûˣ찡Ϳ޿ĿСǧա
ɵʿħŴķѣ˼ƶĹħŵٻʮϸûпɱԣֻڽ֮ԼҪôħŵҵ
֨ͷͻȻ죡
һæ̧ͷһһֻӾȻԹӣ
ԭһֻӡͰһΪԼСˡ
ӡ
һСǧ֮ĺӣʹǺҲޣͼæսǾĸĿֻӡ
ֻСƺΪʲôһٴеӣԹԵĿԼĹӡ
Գ˰ʱȷûжʱͽ񾭲Ŀڴϡ
ʹȡһö׼ҧ£
ֻ֨ԼһԼϵʧˣ
ֻ֨֨С͵ֵĽš
ʲôٶȣ;ȵĿֻ޺Сӣ˭뵽һֻͨСӾȻ˵ٶȣ
꣡СһҧϣѸٵĽе꣬һϣĿ͡
εҡҡͷóٶϵģһǧݵУôݵҩʹǲƵҩȥҲǴ洦ȻǰҪܳǿҩȻŪһ³Թñˡ
ʹҲֻʳҵˣҲ࣬һֻͨСһöȻһ鶼ûУ


102 ϾԳ
֨СӵĽԽԽ١
εĵ˵ͷһΪ˱һֻһҵ˭ֻ֪СӶǲмһˣֱӻظ͡
ҲǵһμôĺӣҲǼֵƣƺͨˮûʲô
һöݸС֮СӲüЦſһͱСӿеĸɸɾСĴһá
֨֨СӲͣ߱Q͵öѾȫˣһĶûˡ
ͿűQСüͷֻӿһͷޣһͷ޸ԼͿûôĵӣ˭ֻܱ֤СӲעʱĺأûɽׯʿı£ܹѵޣԼʹ
֨СͻȻĵ͵ļϣ
һеǾĸ׼̳
Сƺûв͵Ľһ㣬͵ļͷֵĽš
񾭽ֻҪСʲôľٶͻԥĽնɱ
ʵ֤ȷʵǶˣֻСӳ˶ƮݵĳеȤֻצӲϹĵ͵ͷ֮ûľٶҲ˿
óһöشȥشҩЧ͵һһɢ޸塣
֨ͻȻСӵ幭ȫëŵĿǰ
СӵҲʹоѣ͵ʶ˲ţԲ֮ڵķ紵ݶ֪
һƷ޾綾ܣ;
Ϳɲǣ֮Уֻ綾ΰ׷·ŵģһ綾Īʱû޵ĴڵĻ͵³Ĳ˵
ап࣬ؼʱ̾ȻѲޣƲûȫָټҴڻ֮УҪչ飬Ծ綾ܱͲˡ
أ綾һӾͿͣ޴˲˹һ·ײ˲ٵĿ
ͿЦһǱôԶΪ㿪ħŵˣ˭뵽ȴ˾綾ܵءеǾĸһһֱ۴ϸ˲˾綾ܣ
ɣ綾ܱͻĹڵأϸǱɫ绡ţһʱ侹Ȼ޷
ʹڵĴŴķ˴ľѪ廹ûټǿж˼ĸ
ĺ͵Ķͷ¡ƾڵ͸ոյһѾǼޣ綾һ
ɣ綾ܱϾһƷޣ͵ǿҲֻʱԾ綾ܰˣϢʱѹ綾ܾͻָж͵˫۸ðһ˿𻨣͸ղŵһѾˣ
㣡㣡ͷתڵڵȴȫʹڲϵҴܡ
Ѿߵľ綾ļ٣綾ܵĴһţܿ綾ɫĶҺ
أ綾ܾȻ˳ȥ
ͿŵǰСһ㶣ֻСӾȻ綾ܸˣʲô
𣡡СͻȻҰ޵ۣ˫ָǲϵĻԼؿڣ
ĿɿڴĿŷСӣʮ꣬Ѿõ̫ˣʹǶƷǺҲˣûм˹顣
һֻͷССӾȻڲϵıԭɫëȻɫֻϢʱԭȵֻСѾʧˣȡ֮һֻɸߵľԳ
𣡡ԳСȭͷž綾ܾһȭ
ɣ綾ܴ󾪣æһڶҺ˾Գ
ʹ󾪣綾ܵĶҺԾˣʹǶմһҲֲ˺ãȻͷԳޱȣȴδֵܹ綾ܵĶҺ
𣡡˭֪Գܣһŭ𣬾綾ܵĶͻȻ˲ֽ⣬ڵϣ
סˣƾһͽ綾ܵĶ߽⣬Գʲôͷ⻹ͷֻ޺С
綾Ҳû뵽ĶȻױƽ⣬˶ݵľ֮Уݵʧ綾ܳʧȥܵĻᡣ
Գȭͷ赲Ĵ˾綾ܵıϣ
ž綾ܵһͣȻһ죬綾ܵ˲ըѣ
ȻֱӰѾ綾ܵˣ⵽ʲô
𣡡Գ˾綾֮͵ĻͷĶ͡
ͻȻԼĺѾˮʪˣŵĿͷԳԳ׾ٵĽ綾ܻɱʹǶҲһƷޣһڵܹԿġ
𣡡Գ͵ۿɼٶСûһһֻСӣ
Сӱĵ͵ļͷǵצ͵ͷ
ƳڼͷСüͷСδҲ̫ˣɱ綾ܣʵ˭ҲΪֻһֻͨĺӣǼʶСӵı֮
ϾԳ͵ıͻȻһ
飡ˣһϲ
ϹޱϾԳ龪ȵĿͼͷСӣ
ϾԳͿ˿Сӡ
˵ͷҲڹżϿ֮г֮⣬ĺͱϾԳһ޶㿴ǲǱɫġ
һ㶣漴ͷϵСȡһȻСӵɫģ뵽֮ɫëѾĻ
ϾԳϹ֣˵ϹʱڵıϾԳļޣ൱ԪӤʿĴڡ˵
ͿеСӣĺӾȻһֻļޣļʲô൱ԪӤڵĴڣļѾԻΪΣսҪԶʤʿ
ϾԳ;ˣû뵽Сǧ֮оȻһֻҪǴ˳ȥĻݶҪˡ˵
һ㶣ò˵ȥɡ
ҡҡͷᡣ
͵˵ͷȻûʲô񶾵䵫ȴ顣
֨ϾԳ͵Ĵ
ﻹ֪СһЩʲôͳһöӸСӡ
鿴źͱϾԳһƬͲɵҡҡͷ߰ޱȵıϾԳȻ׽
ûԼǺʹ޵ģʹɽׯԦ֮ҲǽӡϵģӡǾʹݻûֹû˵顣
οͷϾԳԼһˣϾԳʵǿʹħŵҲصˡ
鿴һеˮɵüͷǧ꺮ƳɵˮϾȻһڣȻȴˮɥʧһ롣
ѪײȻˮȱһ뵽ͬɽһѪ̲סһƷȻǿֲޱȣ


103 ǰ
СǧڵɱڳСǧѾҷ졣һЩеӵ׷ѣмæɵǰѯʣһʲҪɵӵѵĲˡ
⻹ˣҪ֪СǧĶеľӢŵ˵һ˾δĶСǧ֮оΪһھȻһЩɸǱ˽ӣ
ӿűΧСǧһ򿪽磡
ʦ壬򲻿ɰСǧĽǿд򿪵ĻСǧģȺæȰ
ͱٵȥԪһھҪˣһ
ڵĵ¯ԥ˽磬Сǧÿʮ꿪һΣÿοһ£ڼֻýƲƿƣһСǧĽǲῪģҪƿСǧĽƾֻӲһ·ߣ
ģƴˣ޿һһ󽣳Уһ˽ơ
λˣҲˣȣֻһҵзɳݺݵײ˽ϡ
Ⱥ˸ԿһۣȻλжˣҲţ
飡һʱҵıը𣬽ʮλʿĹȻ޷ƿСǧĽơ
ǿķǹʿµ󷨣һϵķϵĴ뵤¯֮У
䣡¯֮оȻð˳ɫ𣬶Žк£
ıˣʦ𶼺Ӳһ޿Ц漴һͻȻðһŻɫ
λҲҴˣһƿ󷨣ЦеһſɫΪһ쫷繥˽ơ
һʱɫĻ漸ûǼʹСǧĽҲֻǻζ˼°ˣҪƿúܣ
еĺһϵķǲͣɫĻ治ϵСǧĽ硣
СǧϾǹʿµķ󣬷ǿףʹʮλʿȫҲֻܻζһ°ˡ
ϵĹɻţټϵʿȫƿ磡һ
Ⱥ˵ͷ˻Ϊһݹ⣬Ҳ׷ǰԮ
Сǧ֮м˸һϵľӢӣԪһڵӢӸȫ棬ЩʲôĻôԪһڴϾͻֶһûʿĻԪһڻʲô³
ɵĶܿ죬֪ҪǿƿСǧĽ֮ǲǻԪһھų˽ʮλʿ콣ɰλɽׯλٲλλλȺիλɵʿʿѾﵽʮء
ҪһӼôʿҲֻһˣôʿļ룬ٶ˲٣СǧĽǿҲסôʿҺ
һ߰죬ЩʿڽϺһͨһЩ󷨵ʿæ֮ͨв󷨣ͨӸһȳСǧ֮С
޿Ҳǽ
ȥ˸ոմͨͨͳ˱ƣλʿæ޲ֹͨϡ
˽ȥţӵ˵
һСǧʿʶ˳ȥ
棬棬ͱ涼սұ·ɵӾȳ˵
ã棡޿˵
Ҿ档ҡҡ˵
ӵ˵ͷ˲仯Ϊⱼ˲ͬķ
أѪĺͽһηֿ
Ѫ˼ĿԶһۣƺأ浽
Ѫʴǣһ˸֮ʧӰ١
һ񽣴ѩ
һ׶εļƻѾɣȻûоɱǸʣµĵӵԲᳬʮʿ˵
ãʱ뿪ˣȻ׸ҵȫɱɵزӦøˣҲ˰ɣСǧĽѾ򿪣Ҫ֮ǰ뿪Ѫĵ˵ͷ
ǣʿ˵ͷ
СǧĽ类ǿдһʱ֮󣬱ʿ½½˳Щʿ϶ˣڶʿĻЩ˾ҪɥȪˡ
ֵǣ߳ľȻһЩСɵʿߴɵʿһûмЩ˵ʿݵ֮ͱɴˡ
԰ΪʲôĶһЩСɵˣߴɵôһȺüͷ
ɻʱһѪʿͨ
죡Ⱥһæ졣
ʦʦʦһû˳һ˹ȥ
죬죡Ⱥæͳһöش
ȺϴˢľȺҲԽԽľڵֱһͿʹܹҽκΪҲҪһΡȺʵ벻ͨСǧ֮еʲôĴڣȻԼİͽ֮ңΪʹ϶ҲѰ
ĳóȺ˵ĳ׳˹ȵףΪڽСǧʿоŽǰʮӣôʿҲ׶༪ٰ
̵ģĻһʿֵ˳
ɽһɽׯʿϲ
ɽһһͷԵڵϡ
ɽׯʿƣɽ常ɽ˹ȥæ֮̽һɽûʲôˣֻǳ񾭽ͻȻɳͻ˹ȥ
˵ɽҲϤǲٿӰʹһɽׯʿ˵Ҳã䷢ħŵ˴ɱʿӰİǱ˵صףڿ־жȹġ
ܵ˵ôùħеϢʹǶݵҲܱ˼ҳ˰֮ɽСǧĽƾȻ˴ˣ߶ʮһӰ˳Լ常̲֮ס˹ȥ
ųıǰƮƮĽСǧҴ֮еˣûһ˺ۡ߳СǧʱȺһ
ǽ֮߳ʱ֮ھȻûһ߳΢е㼤Ⱥһγ
Ҫ֪ĸ쵰Ūģӻ˺޿ͻȻ˳
ֻ޿Ͽʿ⼸˿ʱܶһ㡣
Ҳʿ⼸˵ĵӣЩʿɫĶܵγˮһǸ˶ܿЩʿϵ˲ɵģΪġ
ûˣѵȥʿʣ⼸Ⱥͨ˵
ʲôͷûгǽȥ֮ͱ·Ҳ̫Сǧ֮ʣµʿ࣡޿һ
޿ô˵еʿ̲סͷһСǧ֮֮ûӮңȫˣĪҪصĵӾȻ߰˰ˣŵĵӸȫ


104 뿪Сǧ
֨֨С˷ܵ͵ȥڵСﻹһȭ䱬綾ܵӣ֪˻İһͷ޺Сء
ҲСӵԵʣʱھȻûһͷ޾⵹ƣһϢʱ䣬ԼڻҲֻεҡҡͷڵĻ鲢ʲô⣬ǵͿɲҴҡڵĽ飬ֻ濿Ŵƽڿ񱩵
ˣСǧͻȻһ𵴣漴Զһâ
ڣСǧĽ类˴ˣ顰ᡱվ
һϲˣ
˵ͷСǧ翪ʱ仹мأǰˡ
㻳ħŵ˶ֽţһ㶡
ҲɣҲпʦų֪ǵվǿƿСǧĽҲһüͷ
ȥǲȥüͷ
ȥ˺пܾħŵ壬ȥĻпһ⵽ħŵĻɱʦųƿСǧĽĻôȥĻֻôһΣһͱСǧдʮܵȵһλᡣ
һ뵽Ҫ޵ĵطʮ꣬;̲סһս
ߣ˵
ҲգһΣ̾˿
֨֨Сƺע⵽ʲô͵˵͵ļϣץס͵ļһҲֵӡ
ͿֻСӣҪһߣ
֨֨Сӵ˵ͷ
ƳһۣǲȻյһֻޡ
ͺ鶼ԼķУӦͻĹ
һһʱ·϶ûһһӿǰٶȡ
֨СͻȻһ͵ͷ
ôˣʵ
֨֨Сָǰ
һʶ˲ɨ˹ȥ
ˣ͵ʶȻ˿Դ죡
ǿʶԷϵʿпЦһ
Էƺ͵ʶŭˣ˲һڵĶԶƮ漴ͬһݺݵͣ
ⶫôô죿ͿſǺĶһ㶡
ȣһɲߵѾˣˮϺ˲
ˮס˺ɫķƷˮȻһ޴ı˲ķѣԭѾȱˮǱըķѣһƷˮȻôˣ
¯ʦˮĵֵͲſĶǺȻӵķ¯
ˣҪµĺ¯ͻȻֹͣ͵ͷϵ
һ
ʦ˼ҪԼ𰡣̲ס˵
ûûͺãֻԼ۾һȻǰͳһӰ
ʦ棡
ˣˣӹЦ
Ӵͣң֮ûʲôˣ
ʦ⵽ô£СǧĽôǰˣʵ
ӵͻȻô£ڲ򿪵Ļ¸ɵ˶ҪˣǵʲôһʿȻ߲㣡
߲㣡һ㶣Ϊ̫󣬶ʵ̫ˣ͹һʿռ˰˲ǾŲ㣡
ôˣҲע⵽͵쳣
Ŀǰһжʿ߳Сǧˣʵ
ʮɡҲ֪Ϊʲôôʡ

һƺѾħҪЩʲôˣ
ħţħйϵһ㶡
ʦ뿪ɣЩ·ϱ߱˵˵
ãǳȥ˵
СǧȺʿɫĶγˮˣСǧз˵ʱڳʿסˡħصʵȻ֮𾪹ǷŭħżȻɱǵĵӾҪӭǷ˵׼
Ⱥ֪ΪԪһӢӵѪľȻħŵˣһӻȥɵӿԪһڵҲôԾˣһɱӵϷǻԪһڸġ
ȺЩһʲô˼һԪһҲʧأѵǻὫԼǰ;ĵҲɱˣ
֪֪治֪ģ˭֪ǻԪһôģ
ǣԪһҪ̲ҲһˣʧشǣҲǸɲ
ǡ
ҳʲôҰ޿һ
˲䳳ӵʧˣ
޿ƳЩһۣЩһףһߴɶ˸ˣ
˵ͷһʧľߴɣȻСǺߴһȾͲֵһˡ
ħŵֻɱߴɵˣŵĺͼʵ
Ϊ֮жħŵˣͬһʱ䣬һµ
ӣ˿Ŵͨ߳һǿʱ̲סһߴҴ˾Ȼʮˣ
ħ֮а˲֣ԲǵĶĿ˵
ЩҴʿҲħŵˣͲ
Ⱥɫһ䣬뵽ȳǼʮˣЩ˾ȻħŵˣߵǣǾȻĿЩɱǵӵִҡڵǰ߹
ãɣһǾӢΪƿСǧĽ磬һϵʿˣʱħš
ǵҲ֮ͨдѪĵĿЦ
Ѫģ㻹ҳѹ̺
ΪʲôҳѪЦһ
㡭㡭ŭģټδһλԹȥ
ѪƳһۣ˵ͦģҲʡħһһ֪ͨˣӽħžݵˣߡɱ
Сڳԣŵĺͼ
ͼΪɥ֮ȮĻͶħţҲħŻһȻŵĸҪˣ
ϵɱһԵڽţѪ˵ģ֮ѣԵҲ׶༪١
ʿһڵСָű˵ҪţҪǺͼȥļˣ
ԺͼĹѪЦһһöѪɫӣָһһɶ˲ռ䣡
Ѫɷ飡һ
һӵľ׷ɫ䣬סȫ˿Ѫ壡
ͽͽѪҲôǻǰɣѪĹЦ
Ѫĺͼ⧲֮±һѪס֣һ˲ͼѸٸãͷʼ
ۣͼϣնȥһ۲ǿסЩܵסѪɵĵһ
ֻһѪЩѪĻҪʬ޴ˣ
ӻסͺ֮еķͣڵĵ¯֮˲һɳɫĻ棬ڻЩѪһ˿ʧҲѧ׷׼ԼıЩѪЧȴۿۡ
ȵ˽ѪɾʱѪʧӰˣһʿʮλʿİΧ֮¾ȻﳤȥǵϺݺݵһơ


105 ħս
Сǧ֮Ѿ࣬ݸǷ˾춯صı仯
Сǧиɵĵӱħ¾һգʮһǸɵʿƴԮĻ⡣
ΣҲߴΪͷ۵飬ħųߴɸ־͵ϮɣԪһڵĶʮɶܵħŵҹƽʱݷݵȻﲻѣһˣ̶֮ϯݣɶš
ߴȻһ֮дԪˣнźʹȺիʧأһϵʿһƽɥʧȥߴɵʸ
ħŵǿƳʹһЩħɴһֱɵѹƵħȻϵһħΪħַɡ
ߴȻԴУߴΪģˣħչ˿ճ־õս
ʦѪյͽ˲ΪƳɹһһҵʿɥ˵
ȿȿȣӿ˼ըѵ¯ҡҡͷ
ˣΪʦ֮ˣȿȿȣ̾˿
ǻҵʿͣȻħսѾݱȻûʲôϵӳʹǻԪһʯɽҲͱǰߡ
ӼԼ֮͵Ҳֽ׶εܲաһĸԭԽԽ壬ƿСǧĽӿǳ˴ȼԼıʹñѾӵ״ԽԽ
ڵһ¶ֲסˣҲļҪԼ֮͵ԭ
ˣˣ֮ǿã̾˿ֻ˵˼仰ӵɫѾҰףڴڵĴ
ʦͼæóһƿʯݸӣ
ҡҡͷûõģΪʦΪʦʯȻȴΪʦ˵㻹ţպô
ʯͱϾԳĴȫӣҲʯĴڲӵ֮ãȻһ֮ǰӾѾݺȥˡ
ʦ壡ּ֮ӳǰƷȡԭֻʦͽɽӭһλ֮͡
ʿô˵üͷ壬Ҫڸˣͱ͸
ȥţ˵֮һЦ˵
ãʿ˵
ȿȿȣһûأǾѾҷˣߵ
ʦһж֮е飬ʦαӵı˵
ҡȿȿȡˣˣε̾˿
ոǸŵĵӲһͨĵӣư˿ûаͺӷ
Ӵ޽²ʲôܣǰȣû֪λʦʲôʱȥȻҵǻ֮ԽԽ˶֪ûжʱûˣӵ̬ȸһǧɣһͨĵӶҶӵĴɼһ㡣
֨֨СͻȻĵ͵ļϡ
С͸ֻΣȻСӸСǧ磬ǼٺһһԪһھʧӰ٣ԪһڼǧɽͷҲ֪Ҳֻ֮֮
Сÿ춼ͣΪģֻӡСҲģСӵʵʹǻԪһܹ˵ҲûмֻҪҲ֪СϹޱϾԳȻҲû˳Ա˳ŵ鷳
ӿͼϵСοĵ˵ͷϾԳߣԱ⡣
ʱ˵գۼ֮Ҳûд֮Լ֮ڣֱҪ뿪һ߳ݣһ͡
ж࣬һöһһöѣⳤӺ޿ӮŲͷƷ񽣣Ʒ޻Եѡ
ûж˵ӵǰߵһӶ͵Ľ̵࣬ʦͽ֮ҲԼôһ߿ٴʱѾˡ
͵Ĵ֮һνԼ֮ڡ
̤˷ɽ
֨֨˭֪СҲ
ЦЦȥΣյģҲҪ
СӲԴһᣬһƨ͵ļϡ
͸ϵʱѾĲˣһγһ֧飬ÿ֧鶼ʿӣÿӶжʮʮڵĵӸ档
ͱ䵽˵ӣһӵţǡúôһСڣñ֮Ҳ֪ǲֻɺϡ
ſվڶ֮еϵɱһҷҾҪСûĿɽҿ˭ס㣡
Ȼ֪ԼѾһʿϣʱڹ۲ŶʿΪ
ȻʮңлмʮһģԪһڹȻԻͲɵĸ̾
һҪǰĵطǻƷȣǵħʿĹ·ϻɵʿǡ˵
ħսǰڵʧʹһֱڷص״̬
͵˵ͷû˿Ľţ˭СǧĲп֮󶼲оħսΣգǻΣչСǧ֮
ȻͲţкܴһֵĵӶɫҰףħսսÿ춼ᴫɣʿҲÿվǻԪһھٵǧˣսôȥĻ¼֮ԪһڵĵӶҪˣ
ߣŴһ͵ڿնʮݹʧʡ
һ·Ͷüͷ壬ħսӰѾݣÿһطսһЩսûдɨܿһЩõʬ塣
֮һǰǻƷȣǶҴʮֵľ񣬲Ļ͸ɱУֻнħʿȫɱܻȥ
ôĿҵҪʿʲôܹħʿȫɱ⣡
ɷŵˣüͷһ塣ͻȻֵĹɷŵʿûие֡
ħսʼôãҪ·ħʿŽأ
ţҳҪ׼ͶҹɷŵĻҵǿԿһЦ
ƾ㣡һͻȻһƤޣƤһƤ޾Ȼúͳǹһ㣬͵Ĵȥ
ķӦҲһعͷסŵƤޣ
ɱλʿˣôڵĵȻҲţ˲սһһʱ򣬱ɣ


106 ɷǣǴ
һԥ׳һͽ׷ɽżս֡
ټϿջ˶һʱսַޱȡ
ʱʿ׹أʿ۾գ£ĿвѪȺŭҵɱȥ
滹ǿʼб
ûԪһʿĺǣȺɷʿУȻһһĿ޺ͷüĿŨڣªһİ̺ۣ౳أһɫġʩչǶƷΪʮ㣬²ɵ
һı֣ھ޺ԣתɹأйķ֮⣬˿޷
⻹һɳҲ֪ʲôħ޵ȹǣտ裬һɨһƬͨʿĻȻסֺһ㱻ѣǿƼ֮Чϴ˷ޱȣ޼֮ƥС
Ǿ޺ڹɷʿǰ棬ӦսԪһʿգ۹򣬺Ԫһʿʿ㱻ХĴǸһҷɿƷɽѡ
ɷɱǣǴԪһʿһϳ޺ݣ޲ɫ˵ȴޱȵİ
ڹȥµѪս֮УȻħʿҲðһʵǿʿ
ߴԵľǻԪһԽΪ׵ĴӢӣ콣ɵһȺի̣ɽׯɽ֮Եģħ֮ҲһЩʵǿʿⰢǴ֮һ
һܹħƵʿӱʵǿԵ
ڰǴеʿĿǰѾԼݵʿУʢһʱ
ǵţҪ֧Ųסˣ
ڻԪһʿǶ˾ʱϣʿܳи
ʮԪһʿУ쿪ɽǻԪһϵӣΪﵽʮ㣬ӵƷʵǿƽʱҲϸߣִнӦ졣֮ΨһܹͰǴ࿹ʿ
ǣɽ˿ȴаûޱȣӶˡ
֮ԻμȫΪүүҪħս̵㹦ѫģΪ졣һεֻ֧ԮƷȣ̫ѣҲû̫һ¡
Ҫ֪ħһɷǰǴμ
ɽ֪ȻСǸǴִɷȲһءֲಢΪĲ࣬ǷȽ׵ĲࡢĲࡣʶǿ̫СĲ࣬һǰķվ⡣ͬʮʿʵȴ֮
ɽҪˣıﶷĹǴպյɷǡҲˣҪǵηս⼸ʮµǳˡ
ɽڸԪһʿʿĿ֮£ôһ˿֮ģӲͷƤȥӴ׳һɫͭСӭǣת˾ΪһʯݴСĴ󶦣ıɫâľϵͷȥ
ʯ
ɽһŭȣȫʩƷϵǿ˾ޱȣѹҲ㹻ѹˡ
ʯͲ뵽СǧħŵѪѪʯԵ΢ˣѪܹķԻأʯҲǲͨʿײһ²ҲҪзϡ
Ǵɱ𣬼ǰһʿҲƣдǣХͭ޶ȥ
飡
ɫɫâҫš
޶ҵһ£ϵĹâʱȥϽšꡱѳһϸܵƣЩԽԽתۼѾָô֡һ£ǿڶΪƬɢ
ǴȻֲޱȵˣȴ˿ްƤûˣɽȻˣķϣڶȻֻƷϵϵǷǿķһ棬ʯǱƬշħٱʯҪ߳һΣо壬ͻȻ׹Ǵɷǰװ׵ġڰǴеԼʿҲ鱨ġ
ԼȣΪҪ
ɽﻹٶȥǰϵʯת̤ɽֻ̼ˡƷѾԳ˰ǴʵԼƷҲֻǰװ׷ϵ˵׼ɥ
Ա⼸Ԫһڵڻ£ɽʿ͵ĺ棬֮ǣν֣ޣǴﲻмЦһӵĶмȥ׷ϣͷΧʿȥˡ
Ԫһʿ壬Ǵ֮Ƿ׷ܡƬ̵Ĺ򣬲ڰǴеʿѾλ֮࣬ʵǿɽҲһ˰ܣһʱĶҡȻûеܵĵزʿȫޣֻҲŲ˶á
Ҷһ߲ٿطɽҵĶһԹս֡
˫ʿ󣬶Ƕʮʿҵ΢һЩ
ǰǴʵ̫ǿˣ֮ܵסĴǺɨսڿħʿбʿĶҡսǳ顣ɽӵİˣǼӿսܵٶȡ
ҶؽǴĶУзɿĵһ¡ⰢǴʵƺ࣬ǿһ㣬һƷֻϵĴҲܹһʯƱضһƷ֮
ҲˣƽʱƷѵһħսһƷð
ϰŴеĴǰ;ѾƷˣĴѩѪĵʴǣħŵѪԼе񽣡
ʵҲͶڸɲ˽ԵʣܹĸЩҵ׵ģȻƷһ֮лôģߴеƷͲֹһȻҲ͸ˡ
ҲͽӴʿĲйأ񽣳ѪֲεʿݶҲڶǴǹɷŵδЩһƷȻ˾ȣҲô⡣ҲһƷ
һƷĻǿԺǴһϸ£֪Ԫһ֮ƺҲֻнһһƷ
зɿļһ°Ǵʵ
Ҷзɿ¶Űľϵʵ
ܹѰľϸѹסĻսֻǿġ

˵ף˽ӦûйϵǱŽ
սӮˣͶɽЩִʿĹͣͷսˣͷҲŵšɲȥλŴʿݹͺͿ͡
˿û˼ȥľһȥðеķաЩԪһڵĵӵûκεĹϵȻǻԪһڵĵӣһԪһڸʲôҲֻĶãûΪ˻ԪһڵƴԼ
Ԫһֻ·̣ƾΪҪܸûܹסϾɻٶȰǴȻʵǿٶȴδܱȵԼ


107 ɷ
תۼԪһڵĵӱǴˣû˵סǴĻԪһ֮ƽ޷赲
ΨһʿҲɷŵס޷Ԯ
ͰѾ׼һԪһܾս
ˣΧĿͻȻ͵
һеǾĸɫ绡һ
׵֮ͻȻһ󾪺
ʶģǴｫ߼е͵ϣܹ׵֮˾ԲͨʿڰǴ˵ŰɱЩͨʿδ̫Ȥһֱϣһƾеʿúսһ
˲㣡Ǵոȼս˲䱻һ룬˲ˣǿǿȥ
ͷְǴڿԼʱֻܰԿЦԼʶĶǾĸе׵֮˲ͳΪսġ
ǱߵСӣɸһսǴ
üͷһ壬漴Ϊһݹս
ܣǴһȻ˻Ԫһڵĵӣ׷˳ȥ
Ǵ뿪ԪһڵĵһǴǰǱƵôǴ׷˳ȥһٸԸ⣬˰ǴɷǾ˲٣һ浹ľ˲дԪһڵĵɽĴ½зˣһʱ͹ɷŵ˴ò£ǻھͲǵĿǷΧ֮ˡ
һǴеĴǰ͵͡
һǰҲ֪ǴʲôϰģޱȣƷʯһ飬ΨһһҲѪĴ̴
ҲӲӣķɻ˲չһƴһ
ͱϵķɻǴ¶һ˿˷ܣһлģ
ڰǴĪ˷ֻܿЦһɻϹâһ˲ͽǴԶԶ˺棬Ϳɲɷǿ򣬼ʹԼʵģҲ
СӣܣֺҵǴʵٶȴԶԶзɻֻͣں󺰴С
ɵӣиǴһ塣
ˣΧĿͻȻ͵ĻͷһְǴеĴǰȻֱӳٶȾȻȷɻҪ죡
æֻܱ֮ܿǰһ˲ͣ٣ǴѾ׷ǰһλصС
ǿϵ˺ۣոȻ˴ǰĹǴǰͿĦķȴ͵
СӣһսǴĶס͡
֪Ǵﻹһ֮üͷǴܽ⼸ɵĴǰ趯ܲ͸磬ʹԼɻҲѡ
ȻӲôֻս
սеǾĸӽĸƿ͵Χ
׷Ǵսʢ׷ϡ٣ַˣ
ַðľԽ˷ܺʹ̼˵ǰʿһʿɱȡ㲻ʿʵҲԺһսˡ
ߵĶ˿
ǴΪĲ㣬ıͳ־϶ǿ
꣡һɫСӷջΪһɴͭӣХһָһһͭ˵һһħ򰢹Ǵ
ǴһС
ˣǴıͻȻһ⣬ӵĹ˳ȥ
ɫһ䣬ⰢǴıҲΪȻܹסӵ깥
أǴĴǰң
ˣǰݺݵϣ
ӲķǴ죬ǵһַԼĴǰȥȻ飡
Ͱ˿ӵķȻͬ죬ʹҲǺ˼ʮȭ֮һ˿ƣСǧ֮ͽӽάޣҲ֪ʲôֶΣȻĽ޲ˣȻ깥֮ǰ˲٣ڷȴ֮ǰǿҲ߽ӵˡ
ǴƺаеĴǰһ£
ˣһֻҡ˼¡
Ӳķʲô·ϾȻд˵ȷǴ￴ʵ
ǴܹħսдպȻ֮
ߣҲͻ͵˵
Ҫǰô˵Ǵ϶չ¶һԼʵ֮󰢹ǴﲻòӣȻΪһ㣬ϵķȴֲȱݡ
ǷߣڰǴ˵
ȻܣǴȵľʵǿʿ
ħսȻѾʼˣǿʿҲð˲٣ôҪȴҲѣںòһǴôô򵥵ķ
СӣһǴĴǰһ
εҡҡͷķɻһչһеǾĸϵһһâֱǴ
žǴĶҲǰһӾȻӲĴɢڵûʲôôʹϵƣǰǴжȴ˿ûܵӰ죡
ⰢǴǱ̬üͷһ塣
ӽ˲ɳǴذΧ
䣡԰ǴΪģͷ£
ǴеսԽԽʢΡȻ壺ϣ
ǴıͻȻðһ⣬ȫס׾Ȼ޷ͻһ⣡
ϵˣеķͣеһ£
ӾͲķ޾Ǵ￴һҵĹĵҲʮֲֿ
һһʯ֮ĵ˲Ҫô֣Ȼ־Ͳ飬ǴƣôҲǴϣ
ƴͻû¹˭
һһյʱ䣬ǴҲûĵˣ͵ƺ֮ߣϵ׵ĹǵûмԽԽǿƣ
СӣôǴɻ
ͷףǴһɨͣ
ˣһεס˰ǴĴһ¡
͸ͰǴӲƴÿǴ￿ʱӵֵкԼԶݡ֪֮ԼȻܵסǴĴǴסĻӶȲ
԰ǴǿĶֻ֣ĥǴĹ֣֮ܶ
ǴҲԽԽѻ͵ĴȻȴµĴ򷨣Ǵħսһβǳǰ棬ű֣Ŵһһһ˫ûţƤһţ
ͰһֻҪðǴû顣
СǴҲ˻ǰսѾȫŭ
𣡡ǴﾹȻҰްǼͣ
һİǴﾹȻһα壡
߼ɵͼˣͻǵһμ
ˣǴϾȻһʵף֮ǰıҲʧӰ٣˲˰Ǵϣ


108 
ǵһùɷ׵ʿǴ˵
ֻܰԿЦ֮ǰİǴѾǿˣڸǿףڵİǴԺʿһϸˣ
ڰǴеĹɷӦǹɷеطܹ˲Լɷ׽ȫֵ;̲סһ
䣡ǴеĴǰ˲ϣ͸ոȫһһأʹҲǴһɣҵϲûгʲôơ
Ǵˣһǰ趯Ļ磬ӲĽѹסÿһιܰӴöᣬ͵ĹȴȫǴϵĹɷ׾סûʲôʵԵ˺
𣡡Ǵ﷢ҰްеĴǰȻһαԭɵĴǰʱѾ߰ɴСǿһ۾˾ĺҪǱǰǲ䵽һ㲻ҲҪ˰
һʹǰ͵
Ҳ㲻ҧҧע֮УɫСӷղϵı
䣡Ǵľ͹ǰݺݵĺϡ
һһѪ
ⰢǴʵǿףаһ
һھѪһѪգѪʢǴҡҡ׹һȶѪɫĹĻü᲻ɴݣ
ħŵѪħʲôϵǴ󾪣
üͷһ壬еķͣǾĸϵĺŰǴĹɷף
Ǵ￴͵ѾˣǴڹɷ֮ҲţħųΪħһֱԹߣǺħŵѪĶһη֮뷨ɢˣѪȻ޻֮ʹǶ˹ɷҲԷȥħŵĿ£ǰħйϵĻôͲòˡ
ˣǴݵʧ˿ɳ֮ӷһħ޷İǴֻԴһȻƾǿʵʱѹѾǰǴֻǰ׹һһ
ǴԼĲӲŵĿͣĹɷ׾ȻˣѪ֮⾹ȻƵĹɷףҵǣ˿ںǳֻǸ˹ɷףûиѪܣȻҪˡ
Ͱ̾һΪʹƷҲֻǿǴĹɷףԼʵǿһ㣬Ų㣬찢Ǵ
ͿԼеĿͼ񽣵˵ͷƷȻͬ죬Ǽ򵥵һͻ˰ǴĹɷףƷֻԼʹòͲ뵽ѪĵʴǺͽĴѩ֪˵Ʒǿʲôز
Ǵĺħսʼ£ûΣգֻһ㣬ҪȥˣǴɱĶͣƺҪ̻ˡ
𣡡߰ɵĴǰ͵
Ȼ֣ҲӲȻ񽣵Ʒڴǰ֮£ҪͰǴƴ˺ܶ࣡
ˣһαɨɡǴȫʩչ֮¼ʹҲֲ˶ã
֨֨һֱСͻȻĽ
֣ΣգСӵԴ
䣡˲ըѣƬ
һǴĴǰѾǵصʧȥûпԵֵǴķֻܾ񽣵ֵ
𣡡Сһ͵ӭ˰ǴĴǰϸСڿ˲ͣת֮СӾͱ˾ԳȰǴһ㡣
ֻС˫͵ץס˰ǴĴǰ
أǰϾ޴˲䱻СӾסСӵİ嶼ǰҽ֮С
𣡡С˫͵һȻǰӰǴж˹
Ǵ󾪣ǰƷǹɷŵ֮һԼʧĻ룬ʹҲԳԲ˶ߣ
𣡡Ǵ˫ͨ죬һеıСӣͼǰ
䣡Ǵһȭ֮ʹСҲҵ֮
أֻһ죬ǴϵĹɷ˲ķѣ޴Ҳɣ
ֻСӻϲ趯еĴǰովȻСôǰǴɨɣ
Ǵǲɷ׷·ֽһ㣬һʹˣ
СӵĹҲֻεҡҡͷʹҲԲһ㣬˵ǰǴˣûѾˣ
ʹûǴҲˣͷ֪˶ٸɷ׶޷άȥ˲ԭȵĴС
ȿȿȣǴѪһѾϽƵĻס
֨СӵҲѸٻָԭ״еĴǰȻҲСӱСˣúСӲСС̵Ľǰ
һĻǴǰһڣһѪ˳
͹˲ϻϲصСӣеһһ򰢹ǴôܵİǴԲܻƷǱϾԳһȥôȴ͵Ľħ޾׷ɱʹͬţƷջҲὫնɱ˵ϹޱϾԳˡԣǴ
͵ĽŲͬħһ㣬Ǵһξ֮첻˵ˣǴεı۾ûԼһսɥɡ
ͿűĿİǴЦһǴȣҲ³Ե˵ʴȾǶԼĲ̣Сǧһ͵ĸӵı䣬ڵ˾Ҫնɱĳʶ
е͵Ĵ˰Ǵ
ͻȻһ죬жȻ񽣣ԭ򰢹ǴҲ˴ƫ˰Ǵļ
˭ɱ֣ȻǱڰԼȴ֪Լܿ϶ҲԷ֪ôҲ
Ϳʿʶ˲ţΧһһľļ֮У
ħŵˣԷƺҲû׼أȻö֮˳
ڶˣ˲ܰǴﵱһ漣꾹Ȼ
Ҳɱҵģһ
ǣǿ߾ȻһֻϾԳʱҾͷ㣬ǴﶼĶ֣ʹҳҲûʤ㣡Ц
Ϊܻ뿪𣡡͵ɱ֡
͵ɱֻЦЦȻҲĶ֣ҪɱҲûô򵥡һֻҪ°Ǵ⣬˷Ǹ㣬һΣ
Ϊ𣡡һһâ˲ն˹ȥ
ǿȴͬһһգۼĹѾǴ￸ڣ
Сӣʹһ
ʱҲʵѾܿˣȰǴﻹҪǿһ㣬ǹȵڲ֮أҪֻܿСӣ
õİСƺû͵ĺһ㣬źԼֱ۴ϸСӣĲֺСӷӦɻĿ͵ʱ򣬰ǴǸͲ֪ʧȥˣ
㡭ֻСûƢˡ


109 
ͶԴҲֻεҡҡͷСҲ޲ڰǴǸ᲻Լܸй¶ȥҲ͵ĿƷΧˣһսΨһջСеİˣڱǴƬӣҲֻܿЦһ
ǱƵĻͻ޲һ£ڸɴǱһƬˣ޲û޲ˣһΪĻһ͵ʧʹˡ
ҲûȥͶϣһй¶ȥ͸ұ֤һֵľˣƷǱϾԳʿۺĴڣͿɲճֽѨ
һεţ˭ܱ֤ȡһЩֶԸԼͿɲǸսԪһڵëͷСˣѹҪСţټһĪıٽĶ飬ţ;ɵҲ֪²ˡ
ڻȥͶԼһߣֻһȻΣգȴùһʿʱʱ̶̿š
Ҳ֪ˮˣ΢΢̾˿ʱһҲ֪ˡ
ħսҵģ˭Ҳұ֤ܹȻ⣬ԵˮʼǷĲ¡
֮ϵڣˮǱӦûʲô⣬ȥſ뵽
ʱˮȥȺիʱ˳Ҳ˽ȥ˶Ҫ׾٣Ա߿Ҳġ
ˣͳĿĵС֡
С˳͵ļϣױƵĽСӵݵ͵ĸǰ
Ϳͨ徧ӨİЦЦҲ֪ɷŵǴŪĹͷ֮ƳڰǴиǴʣͻһ붼ûзӳȻҲվˡ
ϲ͸ɡ˵
֨ô˵С˷ܵĵ˵ͷ
ʹȣϡƷòˣɲ񰢹Ǵܹ⼸ɵĴĻģĻеѡ
Сʲˡ
ȿȿȣл֮µİǴﲻϵĿš
üͷָһһöѪɫĵҩ˰ǴУҩ˲ڰǴлǴ԰׵
ѪǴﾪɵĿſꡣ
ħŶҩѪѪܹȫѪ˿ڵϣ֮ƷҩѪյҲضˣ˵ͷ
㵽˭ôħŵĸߵȵҩǴüͷ壬ĿſꡣȻ³ǲɵ⿡겻߼ҩˣ϶ͼ
Ѫ˪국˵
ħǴɫһ˼Ρ
һξֻ˳ֶΪҲҪɱͣ߾ȻһֻϾԳͺöԸϾԳȴǣ˶ν¡Ѫ˪˵
г𣿡ѪİǴƺ˲١
ɱ֮𣡡Ѫ˪еɱһ
ƷȵսѾ˰Ȼʧȥ˰ǴĹǣɷŵʿýڽڰˣ֮¹ɷŵֻܳˣź֮ĶҲʹ˽ӵʱΨ͡
ѯ֮²ŵ֪;ȻǴ׷˳ȥǴʹҲţλɷǶϼʹʮʿҲԲ˶ߣ˲ʿǱɣ
ȻеźΪԼ𣬵ҲԼһڶѰûչʹʣĵǰƷȣĵȻҲûȤҪȥѰ֮Ļ
߽֮һСׯׯĲΪ˱ģֻΪӽׯʱеᦴһ¶Ͳòͣ
Ѫֽ֮Уᦵ춯ΪйأҲ͸Ź죬ľȻûһӰӵΧԼһ˿
йûüͷ
ڵΪйѾУ͸оĵĹŨҲ˵ֻĵвߣҪסֱ練ƣΨһҪǵľֻǷѾ˵ϣĻ˼ˡ
͵ʶ˲佫ӵĴȫڼȫǿ־塣
ţȻˣ͵ʶһƽͣƽһˣһϷ򸾺һ׵и
ֻǴȻδӤϣһ
ԩ겻ͬԩֻһЩԹûʲôֻҪСһ㲻ԩΧʹһʿҲնɱԩꡣȴʹ÷ֻԩ֮вܳһֻҪصĵطɣͬܵԩ꣬ԶԸһֻҪԶȶԸһֻԩ鷳Ķࡣ
൱ĲҲ鷳Цһƽķţ
־ĿͻȻͣ·𿴵ʲôֲĶһ㣡
;ֱߵиĴǰѵҪԶֲɣ
иҪͱͻľѹ˴ϣ
λ˿˾Ȼ۸ԼĶϱҲ֪ĵߵİʾͳ˹ȥ
أʻû͵ڿըƬ
˫ַиĶϣ˲ӿУ
ҵĽиĶзֻĲˣεֵס͵Ĺת֮ͽеͶüͷһ壬˫һۣһɫӰӱ˳
Ҳ˲ɳɫӰ˽ȥ
žŹȵиüͷһ˽ȥиɫźÿһ㡣
иȵĿͣˣ
һ㶣漴Ϳ˹͵ǰлʦлʦ
Щ˵ߺûʲô𣬶ַܹʵĴڡ
ˣɣ
лʦλ¶ϲɫ
ƿҩţ͵ҵɣóһƿϡ
ȻͨĵҩǶڷ˵ȴɵٲڻ¡
΢΢̾˿Ҳ˽Լǿн̥ڸ̥˵к棬̥һͻزۣһƿҲΪ̥Ȼ䳤꣬ǿԵġ
֮߳Ϳ˿еᦣոȥѾʧӰ٣ֻһСڲϵת
ԭˣͿڻһСȻ
˵ҲǹҪ븴ԭĻɴĹ֮ĪߣԵʣѾ֪ĵطֻһģ


110 Ʒҩ
֮Ѿڣܵġ
˵һ׹ңв仧ڴˣЩ͵Ҳ࣬ʵǿȻҲڷ֮ΨһһıȽϲҡ
ʱİʱ֣һ·δͣЪ糾͵ڵճǡ
Ϳշɱźҹӳǽϵֱӷǽ˳ڡ
ճǣط֣ϽİǸĴݿճǵİ˿Ȼڶ࣬ҹм˳ӵССŮӣӣڷҹй¾¥
ڳǳй˺һѵõһ׳еС
֮ĴսȫûвЩˣ⼸ߵĹʶȻƽʱˣҲҪߵƻǿһˣ˲һǳصķ˻ҷ
ȥԼԼһͨȺ֮У
ȻģͷһݣոȻ˿ˣֻһߣַ׾ޱȣȻ͡
üͷڽֵ߹հƵģһƧС
ѸҵǺ˼һ
˲ѹ˲ѹȥ
ͨԶһص
̲ס¶һ˿Цݣ˲ѹȻСǶһʿ˵ҲǲɵֵģСȻһѹſˣ
ǰǰǰ޶⣡һ׵ͷ߶µ˵
Ƴͷһۣʮ궼ֻ㣬ҪôʱҪôûʯҩϡķҪǻȥĻǾļˣ
Ƴͷһۡ
ͷȻµȴҷһŭ֮ɱԼ
͵ִͷϣνҲɣ
һλˣȫȻԼҲֻλûİǻء
ͷɫһʮżȻ֮µõһɹʮڵΪ
ͲЦʮſʼ棬»㣬ʹҲʼߵˡ
Ϊ£Ͱʵ
ʦͷԥһ˵
ȻȵǶԴ˲޶ĵִûͽ˼
ûͽĴ㡣ҡҡͷ˵
ͷңûоʹ˷ҧҧӻһ̴ľӵݵ͵ǰ
Ϳ̴ľӣʲô˼
õĺӣʲô취޷򿪣գһ˿ۼضǸҽⱦ͸ǰϣǰΪͽ
ͽӹ̴ľӰһᣬֻͬͷ˵ǹˮ֣͵ָûһۼ
ȻӺ棬ҪͽǾԲܵ飬԰һ֮;Ͱ̴ľӻظͷ
ͷһ㶣ƺ͵˼εԼ̴ľӣ߳С
ţͻȻס
ͷһϲ󲽱͵ǰǰҪΪͽ
ǣֻеĺӣ㿪۰ɡ͵˵
ͷһᣬòܰʦŪʯҲֲҿۣŭλǰ
ͿͷΨΨŵŵӲɵҡҡͷʮƿ
ͷһΪԼˣȵӦʱ˵ͷһƿҪƷʯʮƿʮƷʯͷ˵ֱһ֡
Ҳͷ˵Ӵóʮƿͷǰ֮ͽ̴ľҲϲͷʧͨľͷ
ʲôģȻ˼ӲͿеĺӲɵƵոǾĸһ£ȴûһ˺ۣ
һСӽӺ뷨뿴浽ʲô뷨ת˲š
˵ͽӽ顣
ͻ׵ĿľǱܿħŵĶĿ˵׵Ҳ˿ɳ֮׼һʱ䣬ԼΪŲ㣬ӵ˵һ
Сǧг֮;;ԼҪͻƣǾǲôһţбչص˼Ǳħսˡ
һջһͷ֮ʯΧһ׵֮ͽ
һö֮ͱڱԱ߼ȡΧϳˢžÿʱͱͣϰ֮Ĵ͵ҲһǧٶҲ˺ܴһϢ֮Ѿܴʮɵĵҩֱӷ֮У棬ҲµҩҩԻʧ
һһһµʱתۼҲ۷״̬ʱܽŲ㣬ڲֻһ
΢΢̾˿ŲȻô򵥾ͻƵģ㣬㣬Ų㣬ʮһһͻŲ̤˸ֵУԼһֱ޷ͻҲ޿κΣĲһ˳
ͿڷڰȻǿջȴѾַ죬ԭͲڷſڵȻ󷨼򵥣ʹһҲȥǶԸЩȴ㹻ˣߵſڵ˶ʧУȵѹʱѾ¥ݿڣ˭һ
ͷſڵ쳣ܿʹ˳ȥܿճǶ֪ջֹ
ջ쳣ҲճǼע⣬˲󷨵β֪Ȼǿ׾ٵȥ󷨣ǿǵеͣȫԱߵķסͳء
һ㣬ǲͻƣһ¯֮ҡҡͷ
⡭ͿһѾСһľһ
ʱľȻֻлƶСǳɫȴΪ֮ǰľȻһϡ
һһ£ζ㣬֮ǰĸΪ
ӽ˲䣬ҩڻǿҩϳˢ͵ľ
һϲȻоԼһֱ޷ͻƵƿʱɶͼæڵϣҩϵڻתһξı֮ǰֹǿһ
ˣ̨ǿӵвӿʶǣ
ͻˣһ¶޷ͻƵƿȻΪһͻˣ
һСһľ;Ƿ˱һƷһƷ
ҲֻƷǿҩһƷȻܹƷû˵润ʢϹʱҲûɡƷҩĳֶ£ͻû˵ʦܹٷ֮ƳƷҩʹʦƳƷҩҲָǰȴһѣ
ѵᴿҩͻȻð˵뷨


111 
ԽԽÿܣдҩȣٳһᴿҩҲежľȡ
һһǧƷ;̲סЦһƿƷĳۣǧǧƷʹϹʱҲδõóɣ
ЩƷսƿ֮У˼¯֮У뿴Ƿᴿҩ
ţ˳;̲סüͷΧȻߣȻЩߵΪ£ûʲôв
ͳȥſڵ߳˷ţҲ͵Ķ߳˷Źһ
ǰ
üͷҲʶǡ
ͷʿεЦЦǰҵʿǰǰճǣҲ֪Ծ֮ꡣ
ңճǵ𣿡ʵ
ճǳҼʿ˵ͷ
ͶԴ˲е֣ߵֶΣŪһǺɵ飬һûԸ飬Ͼ׷ǳӰ죬ЩС͵˵ŪһְٰĵǸ㡣
Ҳá͵˵ͷ
ݷһµص˵ҲûʲôոͻƻҪһʱһԼΪճǻסϸ£͵صùϵҲһ㡣
ʿϲǰ룡
˵ܹ뵽һλ˻ȥ֮ٲĺô
⼸ʿĴֱӽ˳޽ļݻһЩ
ǰԵȣСȥʿ˵
͵˵ͷĿȻݻޱȣ͵УԪһеݶȲϣ˵ɽɽһʵڡ
μǰһ˿µĽһ
߲㣬֮ж߲㣬ܿɹ󡣡͵˵
΢ĩǰۣЦЦ˵
͵˵ͷк£
ǰ˻ν⣬ֻĽǰǰһ𡣡˵
Ҫ仰ĻôЩ궼׻ˣʵεĿҲ֪˴룬ЩС˵һôôԶ
Ƴһۣ²һɢޣǰ
һ漴ЦЦǰ˵Цˣ
ƿ͵ҵļ񣡡δӻͳƿһ˿ᡣ
ƿ˵㲻ʲôǶ˵Ҫȥ弸µˣͱϾҲ֪ЩСĿ
ˣƿ㻹Űɡҡҡͷ
μˣΪԼ͵񲻹ǰȥãһǰ⣡
һ㶣֪Լ˼ɵĿЦһˣƿãлֱ˵
ɫŹֵĿͣҪ鵤ǵһμ
Ȼǰô˵ˣֱ˵ˣһǰʱǰһæ˵
ʲô£ʵ
ҧҧɱһͷޡ
̲סüͷɱޣѵͷ޺г𣿡
ǣֻΪͷռһѨһѨʯڵءεǵĿ͡
ʯ󡣡ͳҲ˽ŵԭˣͻĶʯûʲôȤᱻյʯеĿؿ϶ḻȥȻͱչˣﻹֵССռݡ
ЩʯȻɿۣǶ˵ȴʯҪԴǰǰһͷռʯʵˣʹҲĶ֣һ֯˼ν޴˻ǵûʯ󷴶۽
֪и߽ʿճҾǿ˾һ㣡
˽ǰ֮͵˵ͷҰɱͷʲôô
ҧҧǰɱͷ޵ĻԸƷʯ
ƷʯɲһСĿʹǻԪһôʯĵҲ࣬ƷʯҪҵϵ׸Ϳˡڳ˵һʾ޿Ƕ˵ⲢʲôóһҩͲֹʯ˵ûκε
ȴûоܾΣΪҲȥʲô޻ռʯʯеʲôͷޡ
ҲգҾͰæ㽫ʯλøңǰȥͷնɱֱӹȥһöν·ͼȥ
ε˵ͷʶԼԺе·ͼӡ֮С
·ͼ֮͵˵ͷϢ
ľ˵̫ԶǶӵзɻ˵һĹʯѾ͵ߡ
Ǿĸʯڣȴûзοеޡ
ѵˣɻ
߽ڣһѪζڴȻȫ˵Ĳкͷ޾Ȼ൱ʳ
üͷһСЩк˽ȥ
ʯڿһ·ڻɿķСĵĻпʧʯ֮С
ȻЦһ
ͷ޲û뿪ǽʯһͷµĽӡӡƺǶޡ
ſͲϵǰտʼһ˸ߵĿǵֻа˸ˣȻһͷԼھġ
˼Ȧ֮Ͳûз޵ټͷ޵ȷǲڿУͿɲͷ뿪ˣڵĲкֻаʱ䣬Ҳ˵ͷҲ뿪˰ңпǳȥѰʳˡ
Ͱԭ·أոߵھͿԶһӰԼٶȿ񱼶һæȥϢ󶴲Զ֮СӰ֮ʱͲŷͷ޾Ȼһֻ֩룬ϾȻŰʬ壡
ޣѾˣɲִ޵Ʒֲֻ֩һͷޣҲ֩ˣֻֻʣֻϵǲȱȫȻͷܹ֩ˣҲԭͷ޲Żӵ˰ɡ
룡ϳͷޡ
ϳͷ֮⣬⣬еĶҺȾ綾ܻҪǿϼ֣մһЩɢ޶ֵ±ɼͷܵжأʱȻѾ˿ϣǶϵȺȱȴ³ͷܷӳʵԭһ붼ˣ
Ϳû׼ͷƴĴ㣬Ϊռӵֻһޣֻһ޵Ļβһͷޣһͷ˵ĶҲǺǵģ


112 廢
ͿҧŰʬ֮׼뿪
׼ȥʱֳɫС㣡
ߣͷһݣԼϢĿš
֣Ŀһʿʵ
ҿ϶ЩΪܹסܣв͸ǽĲЦһ
ҵʵһͷ˵ĶҲ̲ȻҲֵˣʿЦ
Ϳϸ̸۵ˣһŲ㣬һʮ㣬Ϊϵȷҵ߸߳٣ǹƾ˾ҪնɱһͷƷδҲ̫쿪ˡϾȻв֪ˡ
ʵҲ͹һͷ޶ߵնɱһͷ֮ϵĲϾǧʯõĻʯҲǲܣЩһʯҪƽϵɢ˵ǧʯգ
ңЦһҹȻûģ֪̾ڿ֮еһͷޣǰȻҪڻң
еʿſӵĶһ֮Ӵͳ˼죬˶ڣ
ͿʿȻ󷨣ɵĶʿ߿һۣ󷨵ͿидʮҵʿټҲܺͷ˵һᣬܲնɱҪʿˣ
֣廢СҲǷ˲СӼ峤нģ˵ܹɱʮһʿԸͷ˵ĶҲˣʿ˵
ӦǹˣǻҪСһ㣬ϾһͷޣС޴Ĳ˵ͷ
Ҳˣʵ϶ǿϲ٣Ҳлʿ뵽
֣Ѿϣҽ־ͷ󷨣廢ֻһ֮һԶݣʿѵ
ʿͶ廢Ҳһ˽⣬󷨾Ȼһȫ󷨣󷨵һ֮ϣʱܱǿȱҲԣֻһΣǧý⽣ָȲ˲ֹһͲɵĿ˿޸õ죬ֻҪôɱͷ롣
ʿһһֻгͣʿʳָһֻų˿֮У
𣡡Ϣ֮дŭ
ʿһϲ׼ܳڵһɲǾǹʱ
Ĳ˵ͷ͵ܷģΪһ
¡
¡
Ӷʼ𶯣ٶȼ죬ת֮Ѿ󶴿ˣȵ뻹ٶȣȫʢʱڵĻʿӦʱ䶼ûоͱնɱˣ
֣ʿһ
׼õĲһķϾȻԼֳϻĻӰ죬ͷͻ廢ֿҲɴ˶һҪ̵ĲһͷޣҲ֪ͷϻ̵̲
ɱĲɫ廢ѾȫϻӰԽԽ󼸺ͻһ
һ֮Уͷͻ˾춯صñ˸ոճڵ룬ͷͻ͵ҧס壡
ʿĲһϲ漴˷ѷϵĺ룬˹ĽǶҲλ꣬רŹ˵ططȣЩ˵ķΪʹƷҲɵĻƣټ廢ǣƣʱ뾹Ȼѹ
ͷͻʵҲǲҧסûмӲļ׿Ǳͷͻҧסֶ˲ٵ˺ۣͻҧһ⣡
𣡡ʱҲǼȵıö޾ȻڵСӸˣǿȴϣȻҲ˱
ͿŴʿ̲סҡҡͷô򵥾ܶԸģձ󣬼ʹ˵ĶҲôȵģ
𣡡ŭţ΢ţ
˻˻˻˻оȻͻһ̹˿
ãˣо綾Ĳһٺˣ
ʿĲҲ˹æ˼ɣ
˿˲佫ͷͻס˿ĲͷͻӰȻԽԽã
žеһͻȻ飬ҲӦʣµĸҲ飬廢˲޵ʵչ¶ţˣ廢κβ
Ȼ廢Ҳ˲С˺³һڶ˿֮ήˣ
ͷ޲ˣʿϲ
ĲһǵĿ룬ոյһ£ҪԼܵĿĻ³廢һˡ
֣Һɱͷ룬ֻҪɱͷ룬廢ʧҲֵһᣡʿ˷ܵĽе
廢Ǽ峤ģҲԲ˶ߣһͷ޵ʬȥĻôʧֱǲֵһᣬͷȻѾǿ֮ĩֻҪټһܽնɱ
Ĳԥһᣬ˵ͷνǷôĹŽͷҲġĲӴͳһСӡ
ʿĲеСӡϵ̰֮ɫһ벻ӡУӡ֣ɱͷ޵İִһ֣
ĲҲΪԺΪɱһͷ˴󹤷򣬻ʿǽ廢󷨣ǽӡӡȻֻһƷȴӲޱȣһӡȥʹһƷҲӲӣԸͷ;ƿݵʺϲˣ
أĲеĽӡѸٱһɽСݺݵͷϣ
ǣӡȻͬ죬һӡȥش룬īɫѪҺһأ
ڰͿöӡɵĵ˵ͷӡȻԶӺѪƷҲѵõľƷˣ벻ʿлķӡܣɱͷҲֻʱϵˡ
أһӡıӡӲҿۿͻˣ
ĲҲһ˼ӡҲһСĸѾ࣬٣һ뵽ܹնɱһͷĲβסĵļ
ۣҲĲɿһɲǣһɫķ̴ؿڣִɱǺֵܵĻʿ
㡭
һͷ޵ʬ壬һöӡһεջһĴ󣡡ʿֱһתɫķһᣬĲ顣
ͨĲĵ˵ϣȫޣ
ʿĲߵĽӡЦһһԴͷ޵޵ʬս˴֮УȷΧû֮һöĲʬոɾﳤȥ
ݣͿȥĻʿıӰ̾һ
Ϳ˿ӵ֮ǰȻһ¶ڣľٶͺ棬ͷʵҲ̫һ㣬ʹҲ˰ɣ


113 ջ
ŻɻҽĲҲ겻ѣҲĲҲû뵽ԼȻᱻεֵڱͱһΪһͷཻĺѾȻԷĿ
а̾Ϣһ߽˿֮УСһĿ¶˼ɫܹͷ֮ǰĶ϶ͬ죬еǾĸֶڿһչһҡ
һչһǰǰ˰ңǰȻʣʯ֮оȻһĶѨΧʯڵĳɫҲ£ȻǸտزá
뵹Ǻ£Ȼڿ֮пһѨѲҪﳣסЦһ
ͻܣûзʲô쳣ֻεʼ򣬿ˡ
Сһһ¿ΧʲôѰĵطͽкԺȵѰק˳
ѰĿһۣȻִ³Ϊʾ
첻㻹ƢˣЦ
֨֨֨Ѱצӱʾ顣
㹤ָһֱӽѰȥ
ѰԹĿһۣһһġ
ת˼Ȧ֮ѰƺŵʲôζѰҵٶȶʱӿ˲٣
Ѱͺ޲һֻһҲǲӲӥȻҪŵζĻôڡ
֨֨֨תһȦ֮ѰͻȻͣ
ͿŲϱQѰʵ
֨֨֨Ѱæ˵ͷ
ʯüͷһнʯöɫѹ˳
üһȻöѣ޵ѰҪͷĶöȣʿߵʬ嵹ǲֵһˡѱ֮Ƕޣ൱ʿĴڣ֪ܹѱ޵ҲֻɽׯԦмˡ
ϲ̵ĽöȻԦ֮ⲢռöѣԺ˭Ҳ˵ҲԼԵɺ֮ϰԦ֮Ҳûпܡ
ɱһɽׯʿõһԦ֮˵Ͳʲô£Ƕ֮ÿ춼ʿ䣬һʿҲû˻ע⵽͵ĴпɲֹöѣһöѣƷ޻Եѣɽׯްһ
һ뵽ҪϰԦ֮ľĸǿˣлĻһɽׯˡ
еõöͺ⣬ҪԼȴû뵽Լһݴһ뵽;̲סЦαȥǣԼ붷ܾ˴лȡ֮˭֪ȴ·ɱҧ𣬽ͷնɱöҲԼõʲôҲûõ
˵ҲǵùҲ֪ǺʲôǿĴɱȻŪһܵطˣټϲ֮ԪˣȻССʿնɱˣ
ˣѰ
ѰȴıһʯͷҲ뿪
͵˲ųһ⣬ʯͷһ
üͷһ壬һѾǸҲҪһۼ⿴ͨʯͷȻһ鶼ûУ
ǾĸҲֻһӡ
ȻǱͿͨʯͷ˵
֨֨֨Ѱˣⶫֵģ;Ȼ˹ȥ
ƳѰһۣǧ˲Σ
ոջһҧ㡱ѰİĲ͵Ьӣ
ҲѰûޣҪСһĻĲᷢʯͷ
ʯͷûУʵ
Ѱҡҡͷ
ҲǣԼҲ̫̰ˣȻʯͷòﵫǾĸҲһı࣡
ʯͷҲ֪ϸͬͨʯͷһ㣬ȴӲޱȣ
СӣĹһ£ͽʯͷŵ˵˵
СƳ˵ϵʯͷһ۲мƳƳ죬˼Ҳɡ
εҡҡͷóһöҿˣ
С۾һʹһж
𣡡˷ܹȵСֱֳϾԳǰҲ˲ɴС
䣡ȫһӶʼҵĻζʯ
ͣͣͼæס˻һСӣҪһҪˣ
ͻȻǰһӲޱȵʯͷȻСһӲˣʯͷоȻн
𣡡Ժ˲֣
ϸ۲֮ͷֳ˱ɫĲѿ֮⣬ɫĲ־Ȼûһ˿ƣСӵټвֵĴǰȻ޷飬ļӲ̶Ȳɵզ࣡
ǿƷĲϣȻͬ죡̾ʹڽᵤʿҲǲɶõıֻҪڷ֮мָ׸ǴСĸ÷ƷһأЧ֮Ǻɳ֪ǿٱ
ҲֻڷϣᵤʿûһķֻҪڷ֮мһҲǴаһԾΪƷҲûпܣ
սǿƽԼ飬ֱȻ¶ҲͶϾҪƷͷãԼֲƷĻҲֻһÿһʯͷˡ
ԺпҲѧһɣͻȻ뷨ҪǱ֪СûѧþҪȥѧҪ
ȷΧûмֵĶ֮ʹѰ߳˿󶴡
ΣЦһҼȻûģȻҪڿ󶴿ҪǻͨʿҲıɹˣǶ˵εһһļ֮УξͬСһ㣬ΪһУⲻ֪һж͵֮С
װ֪߳˶ڣ˲伸ʮöû
̲ס¶һ˿ЦݣʹʮһʿΣ˶ĻҲ
ֶˣȫΧЦһܻסȫЩȫܵ棬ûиκε˺
һ죡ҪͣǸ߽ʿûзҲסʮʿΧ
˲һνûһѪˣܹ͵ȫ˳жʮЩ˵ΪʵǲôȻһĶС
ЦһԲ֪߽ʿȻЩӱɱһ߽ʿ
ָʿüһϸС˿ڣʿʹûüоѾȥ
һû뵽;ȻƼʹͻɱҲӦ˲ŶԣȻûô򵥣
ɱγķҲΨһһѷѾǲݵľ棬Ѿû˿ô
ͿеǰƷɵЦһһâն˳ȥ


114 ػ
ƷСС߲ʿֵܹģڽӴâһ˲䣬ΨһƷͱâնϣ
˫г˿־壬кҩĻ϶ԥȥһţźϲûкҩֻĿԼ屻ɫĽâնΣ
һжֵܹġʿͬɱһնɱʱ⣬ʱﻹ˵ϸα𣬶ɢ
ƳЩӵʿһۣǾĸɣжʱ׹⣬תۼЩʿͱ׻Уһѽ̿
ȷһ©֮Ͳһ񾡣նݳһŹȺʿ˭Ҳұ֤Щʿ֮û
Щʬ崦֮ǰģȻԭȴճһ¹һԼΪǳһ»ճѾˣȻʣЩ˶첻ʲôвҲ鷳
ſ˱ķɻȫУ̶ĸʱϵģ仹˳·һңűҶǵҾլ̲ס̾һͳöʯҵΧһ׵󷨣Ұڡ
ʱʱһֻԩðزݻûԸط
ҲǰԼΪðɼݵĳ꣬ǸΪһʯƴʿѾһŲĸ߽ʿʯǹһеһжԴԼвת顣
ʱǵʿѰݣ˳ֽΧԩնɱ
ΧȻʺͣȥϢһ߽ڵΪʹǱԩΧҲ׾ٵ߳ȥ
ʱѾУԼһЩɫ屻룬ԩۼ֮ҲĹ·һЩ䵥ԩҲУЩԩϴеĹٵĿ֮ǰǸȼֱһһأ͹ǧԩŵֵһȻԩṩĹ٣ʤ࣬˰ʱ;Ѿǧԩ꣬ԽԩԽ࣬Ҳżеʱ䡣
գðһīɫ棬ʹһһīɫĻ˲ֳٷݣûǰԩ֮У
ԩҽжͻһȡ
һеĳɹҲǴ⣬ΨһźûһͷҪһͷĻ޵ĻָٶȽ١
ڴ£еСѾڻһСǣٶȵĻҪһ²СȫڻȻʱ䳤һ㣬һ뵽һ֮ޱƱһʿĴڣһжֵõġ
һº󣬵һֻԩ걻֮󣬸޵СѾȫܽ⣡
𣡡Сڻһɲǣͺ֮ϵһγ֡
Ҳ¶Цݣһ֮УȡԩͲ°򣬼ĵԩ궼һ飬ǿϵıڻ
ޣел˳
ѵеͻȻ䵽˵ϣ
ΪԼ۾ˣ޵ΪȻ䵽£һӲۼҲʧ϶һЩõ飬շʱһģһ
ȻѪ±סȴһ磬һӲۼ׸ǱѪ飬ûмʱǲܸԭˣڵľʱָܻͲܹ²ˡ
΢΢̾˿ٻص
ѾƱôҲˡ
һɫĳǹ͵ܣ
ž˲߽⣬ҲΪȡһʱ䣬еǾĸס˺ɫĳǹ΢΢һͽɫǹ
üͷһ壬ⳤǹȻȫɹ۶ɣ
ͿǰƵüͷһ塣徹Ȼӽʵ壬Ȼһͷͻ͹޲࣬ͻ֮ӵԼ壬һͻʵͻͽʿĶ֡
Ҳɱ̫ԩ꣬ʹ֮סˣ
ϵĶԸֹ׷ʲһϵҲȻһײ£
ҲΪɵŨĹΧһ֣Ȼÿһ׶ܽЩȥ٣Ǹոȥйռŵй޾
һеķͣӽϵһһɴϸ͵
ǣķ˲䱻߽⣬͵ϣ
໣׷ЩĿǣ׻³Ҳޱȵң徹Ȼ˲٣
ۣҲΪǿȻǿס׵˿һ˺ǹ
أǹͷ͵֮ϣͺݺݵ˳ȥ
Ҳû뵽׺Ȼȡܾ˵Ĵ򷨣⧲֮³һС
ȥǵѪһһɫĽâնҲʾǹһ㣬ȻסɫĽâ
С˵
ԼǾĸĻϻֲʲôôʵһҲ˶ˡ
Ը˵ȹڵ˵еѹ׵Ķ޷ڶʱɱͷ
ҲգְɣͿǿŴ׵ĸһ㡣
һһ֮͵оȻðһųɫĻ棬ɫӵıһ޶ͨطеıҲǵһô˶ԵСûзֵǣڳɫ£ľȻһ˿ɫĻڲϵţ
ɫֵһɲ¶˿־ɫʹһ˿ҲСССܹԿģ
໣͵ĽеĺǹͶ˳廯Ϊһ̣ȻҪܣ
ЦһڲδҲ̫һ㣬еĳɫ𽥻ûһֻչᱼܵ
໣һֳڻķ֮ԽԽã
໣еϵİţڵΪ
뷴һеһīɫĻ˲û壬ڱᦵ˫ؼл֮Ҳûһźû֮У
ͻ˵Ǵ󲹣Ӽֻһ;Ѿ޵ϡ
ĵ˶նɱڶʱҲɣټĵԩ꼸ɱ⣬ǰĲɼݵʿҪԩҲˡ
뿪֮ʱ˳ɼݷŽ֮С


115 Ľ
һµʱ˵˵Ҳ̣һͲϵıǽԼΪŲ㣬鵤ҩȥ͵ΪҲһٶš
һ֮УͶѷ֮еľҲ˳ƷϵƷ㹻֮УĻЩƷ֧ŵʮһ㣬ͻƵʮͻûȷİգϾʰǡ
ƷݶҲڶ˳ٶҲټĸһǧݶΪĽȿ²һͱٽһ
ٶ֮Щ˿ɶǰ˶ǾŶţٶȲ֣ȴֻһλʿܹӵٶȴе㾪ˡ
ͽԼϢ֮ıԼòαװһѮͷŲټͷȴһץһѣҲע⡣ֻҪħŵˣҲԼαװᱻ˲𴩡
һ죬һ·ͼħʿƴɱͶԶԶƿҵвûħŵ˻˵ħŵ˲ûз͡
һ뵽һǿ;Ͳ޷˹±粻ǶԷСΪɵµʱɱ˰ɣڿħŶ֪ԼһƷһֻϹޱϾԳˡ
ħҲڵʵͨɱǰҲ޲ҲֻʿаƷˡ
ͶԴҲ֪ħŲ˼򵥵ķŹԼԼħ֮Ѿǲݵľ棬һľʿˣҲȡǰȺի֮еԭԼħŶˣôħſ϶鵽ԼԵˮ֮ĹϵԼȥ̽пܾͺ
ԵˮͲټҸķֻҪ϶ʿԱӦû⣡
գڵ²ʿеķ;졣
ٻᦣһʿеķȻͰٻƣ
Ľףһ󺺴һеͭ͵Ľס
ĽЦһŲæһٻðԩں󺺵֮ͭϣԩ赲ͭһ٣ٻͻȻðһֻһצץסͭĳ棬Ȼ˺еͭ˺󺺣
أһ죬󺺱Ӳҽ˵棡
ߣ΢ҲˣĽ׿űҽĺ󺺲мЦһ
ٻȻӵ꣬һֻҪǧתˣֹ
Ҳһٻᦣ԰ٻҲ˽⣬ĽеһٻᦺͱеҪǿϲ٣ԩѾǧֻһܽΪǧᦣޱȣ֮ͬҲе֡
ĽݼҵˣͳһᡣĽϵİٻᦶĪڻָڣٻеԩ꣬޵ƿҲָܻһ롣
Ľ׵ʵҲǼǿʮ㣬ټеİٻᦣڲǾĸҲûаܹʤ
ٵȵȿüͷ
Ľ׵ɱļǿ˺֮ζеİٻᦣ󺺵Ļ˰ٻ֮УתͶһս
˵ĽҲĽݼѵõţͬĽݽ竣ʵǿŬһѳģϲ֪մ˶Ѫеİٻеԩȫǳ֣֮
Ľ״ʱڼȵĿ֮УĽݼħ˵սʵ췽ƽʱһٻᦶҪҴţ±ɷ֣ٻЩԩ궼ǷˣħսһǱûй˼ɣɱʿĽ׵İٻᦱͿԽǧᦣȴ뽫ٻеԩȫߵԩ֮ٽ˽ǧǿ
ƾٻ֮Ľ״ɱķλʿꡣ
۲һͶĽ׵ʵҲһĶλĽһʵеİٻᦣʧȥ˰ٻᦵĻֻһͨʮʿԸʿȻ÷ʲô
ʱĽɱ˿ûע⵽ԼѾ˶ˣ
գĽնɱһߣ׼ȡĻǣͻȻٻǰһ
ͣĽֻԼһ־ȻӲնϣеİٻҲ֪ʲôʱ䵽˶ԷУ
ͿлմѪİٻЦһ˭˵ˣ
͵Ϯʲô֣Ľס˼Ѩʱסơ
ͲмЦһ͵Ϯո͵ϮİɣȻãΪʲôҾͲã
Ľüͷһ壬֪Լ˸֣Լ󲿷ֵķҪͨٻʩչʧȥ˰ٻʵ½һ룡
뷨Ľһ
䣡ԶʿĶʱĽҲˣǹתܣ
ͿȺв϶ĽЦһȻԼҶ־ȫ׼ȻĽ׾ٵѡ
ͣ͵ĽΪԼ˳ѵʱ򣬵صͻȻðһɫС̴ؿڣ
Ľ˫Ŀ͹ҲѾôԶѾԶ˶ԷĿƷΧΪΣΪζԷķ˵
ĽͱջڸǾĸϵĽ׵ܷ򣬶ڸ򶼲ݽĽĸӴض㲻͵նɱ
ɱĽûһĽݽҪɱһ̿ʼעĽݼ֮˳Ľݼҵ֪ԼɱĽݽҲǲݵľ棬ûв͸ǽѱһĽݼ֪ԼģΪ˷δȻȻŹĽݼҵĻᣬο⻹׳
Ľݼÿ϶һٻᦵĻ͵ǲһնɱιޡȻҲֻˣٻķҪһѵĻĽݼҵʵ¶Ժߴһϸˡ
һĺΣûע⵽նɱĽףֻĽ׻Ų·ܣûп׷ʿʱʹĽݼ׷ҲԲ鲻
ȥ˰ٻϵѪͱ˴֮Уֻһ徲ĵطеԩꡣ
žĽݼһö˷ĩ
˭˭ɱĽݼҵˣĽݼҵĽ޵кĽݽĽףĽݽȲ˵ֻ֪֣ӿͶιˣĽײͬĽ׿ĽݼҵţĽ޵лָ̳Լ²ǱĽ׾Ȼˣ
ߣ˭ɱ׶ҶҪᣡĽ޵һ뿪Ľݼҡ
ĽݽԵʣĽ޵ڰٻ֮жԼһ˿û뵽ԷһֶξȻˣһԼصĺϣ


116 ս
Ľ޵βϵ˸תۼͷɳ˰֮⣬üͷһ壺ӸҶ
Ľ޵˷ŭǶԷɱĽݼҵţǶԷȻİٻᦣÿһٻᦶ֮ףһۣٶֲɵļӿ˼֡
ãɽ֮УһѨڹƣһͷȫõĹڶһɫСᦲͣ£ÿһ¶ܴС֮дֻԩ꣬һʿĿΧֵͺޣնɱĽ֮ͱһ徲֮ɰٻеԩʵ
Ҳ֪ΪͻȻоƺʲôΣյ鷢һ㣬ΪԷһͽ񽣶УŻڶвµε̾˿
ʱѾ˽ҪͷжϣȻʹ뿪ˣﻹȣ
䣡ǵصѹ˲佫ɽͷ֣͵ϥأе֧ҡҡ׹壡
ʿȫʩѹȻʿֵܹģҲѪĿѹȴĺ鲻ϵĵ䣬
ɱͽδȵһŭͬһŭըƾѪڣɫһ죬һѪ˳
֮ĵȼ̫ˣûмԷ;ѾܵһͿֻҪԷԸ׾ٵɱ
һʯ飬ǿнڵѪѹȥĿǰ
Ų͸һɱҵӣĽ޵пͽŲΪǷŭ֪Ľ׵ʵƾٻ֮ܣ֮ͬж֣ŲܹɱĽױضʲôùֶΡ
һᣬٻᦣȫʬĽ޵һ
һߣͬһ޴ݺݵ͵ͷ
ۣһѪ
ѪĽ޵˵ĳ죬Ҫɱǰʿ˵練ƣȴʹ죬ȻɱĽݼҵôͱۣҪһһĽĥȻ󽫵ǧ֮Уܵĥ
Ľ޵еĿͻȻ䵽еϣ۹ϲƷɵĿ͡һͨʿԲӵһƷƷݶĹȫڴУʹҲûһƷ
ʿӵƷҲûУԪһڵĽħŵѪģɷŵİǴ˾еĴǸĽ޵ʮҲȥ˵Ʒ˵ĺ̨ɲһӲһ뢣һħɣı߶ǡ
Ľ޵̲סüͷСӵʲǫ̂ĻҲòһ£һɱǲаСӵĺ̨׷ɱ±
ʦ˭Ľ޵һ
Цһϼһ￴Լе˴Լк̨Ȼ̽
Сӣס˵
СŤĴ֣һпӡ
СҲ̫ɶһ㣬¶һʣ޲һ
һ٣Ҫٶ㣡˵
С۾һеС͵ļ򣬵Ľ޵к͵м䣬ȻĽ޵й˹ָ
ѵԼ°ѵ⶯ѧģ
Ľ޵ֱϸǰֻСӲ򵥣ȴһʿԱ߻˺ԼĴڣСӵĹָʱһһлСû
أͻȻðһǰֱָĽ޵еؿڡ
Ľ޵һһƣȻֵסСӵĴǰ
飡Ľ޵һƺߣһ˼ŽԼסԼϵиǷ˾ˣʿȻһɨˣһһĽ޵еѾȫûֵֹ֪ǶѾˣסԼƣֱ۶Ҫ
ÿֲӵǺηʥĽ޵뵽
𣡡ƽʱ߸ϵʿĽݼ⣬СӵĽ޵еǰһͣϵëҲԭĺɫ˴ɫǱɫ˫Ľ޵Ѿ촽ˣ
ϾԳôܽϾԳĽ޵ͻȻ
Ľ޵ںܺ£µֻôйĵĿ־壬ϾԳϹޣû޵ټǽͻȻð˳
أСӲŲĽ޵ôģĵľʹЩ˵Ĺʵ
һ£Ľ޵ǰ֮ҲӲӣæͳһƵԼϿգ
ǣսӴͱСӵĴǰҳƬĽ޵ҲʹѣȻֻһƷҲҪʯ
Ľ޵һķһȫ͸ŹСУɲǼԩɣȻ˺ҹСӵĴǰҲԩٶȶʱ˲٣
𣡡СһŭϵּӴ˼֣ȴԩӲĸסˣǰҲ޷½ֺ
Ľ޵вɵһոȷǱϾԳͷŵˣǰֻϾԳ֮һֻƷޣڵΪҪѹͷϾԳѣͷϾԳȻǿнԼӡǴУһ뵽ԺԼһֻϾԳޣĽ޵о̲סЦ
Ľ޵ɱĿ͡һƷҪǵĻôټһͷϾԳʯɽ׶Ҳûã
һСӱЩԩס޷ƾԼҪԸĽ޵ȻǳΡ
𣡡ɽ˷ܵĺֻǰһڣһӰͳգһʮֻԩͱ˽ȥĽ޵ΪʿеĸǧᦣЩԩȻĽ׵İٻܹȵģҲѹ޻˷ܡ
ǿˣĽ޵ɫһֻԩһڿлûһŹſ˴Ҫ¡
˭֪޲˷໣һХ˹֮Уһʱӿԩ۳ɵĹ˲߽⣬޴첻ͣԩ꾹Ȼһѣȫ˽ȥϵĺ˲䱩ܹϵĸһĵ䣬¶ɫۼס
Ľ޵۾ĳΪʿҲǼʶˣûмֹȻȫԼǧᦣ巴ǧеԩ굱ʳֻһ棬Ľ޵оɥʧԩ꣡
һǧᦵĿҲ©СҲҵ˻ᣬеĴǰ˲£Ǹɵԩ꣡
ӣҶĽ޵дһȻֱͣ
һϵ񽣹âʢն
ɫĽâתۼͻ˷Ľ޵УĽ޵Ϊʿôܱ˼򵥵ĹУϵܽնס˭֪¶˹ЦݣһݷͶ֮У
Ľ޵һȻľ磬޺СӵĹȻ


117 Ѫ
ˣĽ޵׳һһķס
أ
أ
죬޺СӾȻˢˢĵ˳ȥ
Ľ޵пžϵСϧѣ⾵ӿõķȻ޺СӲĴһƣ֪ж
𣡡СӷŭţǵһγԿеĴǰִһȦǲԷˡ
Ľ޵һҽһ壬ڵµֻһɾȻӲĽ˵档ݷȻϡ٣ҪԸʿҲ̫ˡ
СҪ͵ϮϷ㻹񣡡Ľ޵вмЦ
Ҳգûϣ͵ϮһʿôúŪĻǾͲ֮Ϊʿˡ
Ľ޵пŵǰɵĴͷʹϾԳκһ壬ȻһԸе㼬ˡܹǧеĻ꣬Ľ޵пɲԼռԩȫΪ޵ʳϾԳʵҲСﱣͼʹĽ޵Ҳ֡
޵ĹϵĽ޵ԩ꾯ĿŶԷһҲˣһʱȻ˽֡
еİٻᦣϷԼ̣Ľ޵гƱǿбϾԳޱݻʹĽ޵Ҳü֡
Цһ仰ǰ׳ˣĲα뽫λԶħŶϾѾ鷳ģҪټһĽ޵;·ˣҪһλʿҲô򵥵飬ʹ޺ͱϾԳæҲޱȡ
ֻҪǰݳٻȻ黹˵
Ľ޵üͷһС֪ôһ㻹ּۻۣ
ǰһ
СȻԼ͹ֲϷˣΪϷκ㲻ã㿴ΪʿĽ޵һ
ѹˣ˵ͬһӿͣ;ԼǴеһҶۣһ˾ܽԼ򷭣
𣡡޺Сͬʱ˳ǵصƶΪ֮һ٣ҲɵһʿȻǺģûбϾԳ޵ĴڹʿƾͲֵܹġ
Ľ޵еɱΣϷ㿴ϷƶĻѪ
ͻȻԼСʿʿôֻǧһȻĽ޵пеĻѪʲôķֱⷨΣգ
Ƭ̺Ľ޵лȻһ̧ףŽͷϵĵһѳ£ĺڷɢӭסߵףϵѪһģԵԽ
һͻȻ÷ָҽһѪӿȫѪ֮УʺѪⶸȻһɲǼתΪ˰֮ɫ
֮ŻѪζʹôԶͶŵһɫ΢΢һ䡣
ѪɫѾתϣĽ޵һ죬ԼϣҲ֪ʲô˿ֹͣѪɺתȥˣĽ޵еԲ԰Ѫࡣ
ɫһһһͷںڵС˵󡣳ԼߣȻ޹⣬о֮ǳۡ
Ľ޵ŴȴһСӣ·ⶫʲôһΣ֮Ķ
˫ĿŴ˵пʼ͵
󡣶ҿɬѶǻ֮Уһ֮һ¾͸ܵһϹŵĸо
Ľ޵Ŀкһ˵һĻˡ
ͻȻһźڹ⡣ںڹİƾƯһֱͷһ߸ң
Ľ޵мˡԽˡ˫֮ؽһֵӡѪиֳһƺɫѪ˿ЩѪ˿һǵƮȥ
ʼЩѪ˿ֻһظ֣ûѪ˿ͿʼʮʮϰĴѪӿ˳ȫɶ˻ĳ˵
תۼ䣬˵ͱĺѪ˿ط겻͸һ䶯һ鲻СѪš
ױڡ
ϸѪ͸죬ɢŹĹâһ֮󣬾ȻҪ˻ȥĹоʵغܡ
ӡеԽʼһĻȴ¶ϲɫ
ӡһɢʩչһֶʱԭֹͣ䶯ĺѪȴҫ֮غڹ⣬ٴμҵ䶯ʼһһͣԵüȶ
һĻԽʸ¶ϲɫʧˣֳ־֮ɫ
æŤͷٻͷѪʱη֮ɫ˼֣
¶Ȼ֮ɫͺ³صݺһҧԼ⣬һѪͬһ⣬ϱεѪ֮ϡ
ɫѪţЩڣֹͣ˱Σҫ۵ĹâҲ
Ľ޵мˣԲĵķ糵㼱ʮһȫҵ档ѪϵһâҲ֮ɢˡ
Ľ޵дʱŴһǿھѪȻʮ꣬ޱȡ
ڸ˲飬һУϵѪֳСһȻѪһˣͬʱͳٴֻⲻˣʵЩֲ塣
ֻѪĺѪţıһ¶ںڵĵһѵɺѪɵɢž˵Ѫ
˵Ľ޵¶˿֮ɫ
Ľ޵ҲƲסԼЦöԵ
Ľ޵еĻѪһԼ꾹ȻԼĿƷ⻯Ѫ⻯ѪԩٻЩԩ겻ϰţǵ˫֣ƺҪͳΪеһԱ
һ飬͵ҧһԼ⣬һƬҲҿĽ޵еĻѪˣֻǿһ۲㶼ȥ⵶Ĺ컹ǧ֮ϣ
Ľ޵Ҳܲ죬ܹѪϷ꣬ѻѪ㲻ʶôϷҲʹ˵
üͷ壬ֱϸӦͷܣٶٿҲܿһʿ
ɱ
ɱһĽ޵оͻͣ
𣡡
һȣһȭĽ޵У޵ĹĽ޵вмһеĻѪһѪ⣬û޵֮У
ͣѪմȾѸήת˲˸ɿݵ֦һ㡣
˻˾Ҳ̲סһ⻯ѪȻ˰ԵһѪ˹죡
ϷĻѪЩСܹģĽ޵йЦ
أѪСӵĴǰݺݵײһ𣬼᲻ɴݵĴǰϾȻһӡ
Ȼû𣬵Ҳ𾪣⻯ѪѣһǴݿ࣬޺СӾȻ⻯Ѫϳ˿


118 
һ޺СӾͳһ޸ǱһֱۣѪȻֲ˹
СöȼĽ޵зЦ
Ľ޵оȻһ뵽;ͷƤ飬ܹʿϧԲķô׶ԸģҲ֪Ľ޵Ǵõ⻯ѪȻ˹졣
𣡡ʮɶ೤ĵâ͡
Ȼ֪ƾ˵ӲһаʽҲεͬʱһ֣һųһĻһӳŷ߰˿ĥ̴Сľʯ˹ȥϣ赲һ
ϧַǾ޴âһɨ֮£δӽ˵ͱѹĵȻ޴ˡ
ŵâ»һתЮһɶ֮ݺݵٴ¡
ۿâҪɫһ䣬СϵĴǰ͵ĺ͵ǰӲİ͵˻Ѫĵâ
ˣСӵ˫־ȻʼСӵȻó
أСӵ˫Ȼ⻯Ѫѹסˣ
𣡡ŭһϾȻһ㵭ı˪Ľ޵С
Ľ޵üͷһ壬һתֱ޵ϣ޵˲ͱѪϵѪɣǰ֮ѪϵѪ۴ޱȣʹҲ޷ֵ
Ǿ͵̲ס̾Ϣ֮ʱ޵ȭͷȻһѪۺݺݵĽ޵С
Ľ޵Ҳû뵽޾ȻܹѪѪۣȻһʿҲұһȭУѪתΪأǰס޵һȭ
˻޵ȭͷޱȵı䣬ʹǸŻѪĽ޵жܸܵȭͷϵĺ⣬˱䣬ʹǧ꺮ҲҪԲλࡣ
Ľ޵бϾʿתݺݵĳ޵ϣ޳ʹ֮Ҳ޷άԼΣɳȥ
ûĽ޵һСӵĴǰ͵
󣡡Ľ޵ɱ¶СĴλ£ѾԭѱСӵ뷨ʧһɶеĻѪѪ¶µĴǰη壬ٵӭ
ȫһСûմ˿ıˣѪĵâȻס˴ǰˣѪĵâһһиŴǰ᲻ɴݵĴǰϾȻһơ
䣡СӾ޴˲䱻ɣĽ޵ĶվһԵͣâת
ۿâҪȴɫδ䡣
Ľ޵м򾲣һδϸĥ⣬ĵâȿȥ
Ľ޵һȥǰһʧˣһȻ䵽˿մ
һ֮£ŷԼ֪ʱֻصʮɵĸ߿մĿɫϼ⣬Ųƻԭ
Ľ޵ɫǳѿһҧˢˢٴƿϼ⣬˵棬ԭص
˴Ľ޵û³çֱӳȥһӣƬѪǵصѹ˹ȥɫâŽ֮Ķ
Ϊ׼淢ĹһĻĽ޵ڿˡ
Ѫͷߵľʱ·ʲôˡͻȻʧӰ٣ĸ߿մ
Ľ޵еľУһȻ˿ôûУ˴һ»صϼϵĸ߿մ
Ľ޵ɫѿޱȡ
·ȥӶеĻѪͣطһµĵâͬʱնȥͼҳ
âɳȥãȻһƬ׹ԭⲻص˻һæңžŭĽԼϬ
ۣһԵ̲סһѪȻƾ֮ʱסĽ޵УĽ޵еĹǳÿһâ𵴣һͱܲˡ
СӣһˣͿŴǰ˵С˵ոһνǰȻһСǣ
Сӻ˻ԴڿвϻӳһâĽ޵˵ķŭ
Ҳ΢΢̾˿СӺƴֵĻԼôʱ䲼ǧý⽣Ȼ󷨵ʱ˵ӵɱʿֻܣҲ˵ˣסһʿʱһˡ
ڿͬͷӬһĽ޵Цһзͣ
䣡Ľ޵ֻǰһ䣬ǰȻѽӲӵСЩСɢĽÿһѽ൱ʮʿȫһһĽ޵пԲںǧѵĻʹʿҲòˡ
Ľ޵оɵʱǧС͵ĴĽ޵УĽ޵һеĻѪϵâ䣬ȻǧС൱
ƣĽ޵дһһʮɵĵâݿĽǰСɨֱ˽ɫĹĻ
ߣƺһȥǵѪеʯ·ҪǮһͬһɢ֮ڣõ˴ʯĲ䣬һλָĽ޵лƵĽĻһγ֣ɫСһνĽ޵аΧ
Ľ޵ɫĿЩСʵȻҲ˵Ĳ
ＫȲв֮ʡһǿͻȻµϼ´һݣæеغڵսϵѪҲȻתɲǼ䱻һѪɫڣط겻͸
ͬѹ·һˡУϼ˿¶һֱԲͨ˲䣬һʮɳĴǰСӡ
СҲץסʱ£͵Ĳٿ֮ЩСȫܿСӣйĽ޵пһĻѪеĽ޵ɫ࣬ͻȻеĻѪĿʱ߰˵޴âӭǧСնȥ˲佫ЩС飬ݷͣɫ΢΢һףΪҲܵǣ
أȻĽ޵ٶȺܿ죬סСӵĴǰǲִ֮¸޷ۼ̫һ᲻ȻһϳСΪǿнѹµѪпܡ׼ֻıϾԳʬεʱȴǰûСӵӰ
ûеĽ޵ɿͼԩ꽫ΧΪŪԩмĽ޵ȻᱻЩԩŵеǧһУԩðȻЩԩɱ൱õ֮ʱԩͻأʧˣͻȻ˿УһţȻȡԩ꣡
Ľ޵ɫ࣬㾹ȻˣˣովȻ˻֮Уװʧԩꡣ
ĵͿĽ޵гԿЦһϷͣ
أأ֮ھȻ˴ĻЩڵըһӣܿΪ¶ڻ
Ľ޵вмһԹһοôϵ
ȻĽ޵вֿ֮ʱЩȫû˵ֺ
Ľ޵ЦһȻĻ˹ȥν٣ټڣڵĶֺα⣡
أһöĽ޵еͷ


119 նɱǿ
ͻĻĽ޵мûκεķȻöֱӴУ
ĿűͷĽ޵̲סЦ˳ЩԼΪͻ治֮зҺĹͷ֮ǰĽ޵С
һö˵󲻴˵СҲСں޷±УʹʿҲⲻܵˣĽ޵иĴǧ˿
СĽ޵¶ѪĹâ
еĻѪһ͵âǧý⽣ҡҡ׹
ԷĽ޵˿иʯɳΪǧý⽣ĶȻĽ޵еĹϣǧý⽣ʼδơ
𣡡֮ͻȻһͨ洫Сӷŭĺ
ˣû꣡Ľ޵üͷһ֪ѾǵڼˣÿԼָ֮ʱͷ󶼻֣
ȻһǰͨзɳֱĽ޵С
أĽ޵ֻһȻмܲסĸо
ҿĽ޵вòۼСӵһ
䣡ȫʩչ֮µĽ޵Сֵܹģ˲ǰͱѪ𿪣תֱСӣ
ѪȻö˵޽ǱѪоͱһֱۣСӱ⻯ѪеĻǺǲ롣
𣡡Ľ޵бһŭ޵Ѿı˪ֱȡĽ޵еĺġ
Ľ޵вò˶СӵĹ˭֪޵ĹȻֹ³һڶ֮ת֮ͨУСҲᣬŴǰҡڵ߻ͨ
ɶһҪƤĽ޵зĺ
ȻһŲʿ֮һʱ´ȥ¶ҪΪʿ֮Ц
ʿݴǿսĽ޵ʿ֮Ҳ֮илѪĴڣ˵Һʿа壬ʿ֮ҲǺ֣ǽ죬ȻһŲʿסˣ
Ҫ˵ҲΪ죬ôξȻһѺ۶ûУÿһƻ󷨵ʱ͹ػزʮΣһҲƵĵط
Ҫά󷨱ȻҪʯԼĹɼӾʯٶȣǾּ֮¶ԷȻһʱѵԷʯ޾
ʵĽ޵в¶ˣϵʯȻ˵޾ǺĽ޵кĸһһҹû⣬ȻʯķĩѾ͵ĽŲˡ
һʱ֮ԼԼӳȥʯˣ˵һ飬ǿʯͲסĽ޵һʱ֮ãĽ޵ܹһǧý⽣飬Ͳ
ȻƾеĻѪһ㲢ѣȻĽ޵ᣬÿĽ޵׼ʱ;ͻ޺Сӳȥɧһ
һʱڵӦҲĵĲˣ૵ŷ䡣
ŷĶƷ䣬˺ͻҲǿĹֶΡ
ŶƷ̲ס̾˿¾ɽڵĻα࣬һȥʹʿҲҪ˱ᣬɱĽ޵Ҳ£
һγڴ뷨Ľ޵еǰľɫҲһ䣬ԼȻɽ֮УΧȫҽ
СĽ޵вмһܹ֮ԻȫԷ֪Լ֮УĽ޵ȴǰһжǻþȻЩԻ
𣡡
𣡡
ҽ֮дһ޵ŭҽϵķ緢ЩҽĽ޵еϣ
Ľ޵ȴ޷Ӧ֪һжǻþ
𣡡һκ˲٣ҽĸӾң
䣡һ͵ĳҽӿиĽ޵У
Ľ޵һǻϷʹǽᵤʿҲУֻһ߻Ϸкξ壿
еĻѪһתһС͵ĵâ̴˻ͷ­⿴ǿĻת˲߽⣡
ⱻĻ˲仯ĻĽ޵УڽҲصޣĽ޵нһöö򶼵һģЩǻþ
ౣҽ֮һֻ
ҵҪ㻹ʲôֶΣĽ޵һ
ЦһеĶƷ䣡
ౣֳ֮һֻˣ֮ǰһֻȣ֪ҪС˶٣ΪСĽ޵жûз֣޴Ļ֮оȻһֻ
Ľ޵ƳһۣԼٳֵĻ˶ԷȦˣʲôҲֱֱĶֻ
ౣÿһΧɻ𺣣ֻ˿Ľ޵֮ڵʱĽ޵ɫһ䣡
ȣȻĸо
Ľ޵нĿⶼΧĻϣȻڴˣʹûжһƬ𺣻ڲϵ£
Ľ޵һΪʿȻİֻʿյķ
䣡ضΪ֮ɫ֮һ𣬽Ƭ𺣸һƬƬ
йŹ֣Ľ޵һЩ澹ȻıҪǿϼ֣
ƣеĻѪһƬѪһʮɵĵâŻնȥ
ౣ﷢Ľȥ
Ľ޵־ŭʱľδ֮ʣ﹥ʱǡô
˻𺣵ǰ֮Ľ޵ѾԼжϣǿеһһһâ
ࣣǿлӳһâ֮ʱ˾ȻԼʧˣ
Ľ޵вƿڴҲɵһǼٵģ
ౣǻûе̾һֻСķ˳˹
أʱĽ޵ﻹ˺赲Ľ޵е壬˲Ľ޵еϾð˺ɫĻ棡
֮ں޷¼˲߽Ľ޵еķĽ޵ϵһ赲ʸûо˲ɢ

Ϳڻ֮вϴĽ޵̲ס۾һٲ֮ӮˣĽ޵ˣ˾ͱ븶ۣĻ˺ͻͬһ㣬зӡĻպյ𣬼ʹʿҲմĽ޵ȴ˺ͻգܱܲסǸ⣡
Ͳûгȥ󷨣ǾĿţţֱϷĽ޵бһһĽʬ
ǰһڵͨһ˽ȥתۼĽ޵еߣճɽ̿ʿɵ̾˿Ϊɱʿͷһ
Ľ޵ϵĴһԵĻѪ֮ͱûʬһۣʹǰʿΣ֮һг鳾ͨ
ȥǧý⽣֮ͱ㳯ŻԪһڵķɳ£ҲʱȥˣԪһڻһڵͻȻԺһٻӰһ뵽λŮͽŵ˲˲١


120 ʦج
Ľ޵һսò˵һĶǵսΪɱʿ鴫ȥĻݶҪΪ֮ڡ
һս͵ʧν󣬹ʯͺķ֮࣬޸ǱȥһֱۣСӵĴǰҲ˺ۣǱȥһСǣջҲķᣬǧᦣѪֲЩʧ
⻯Ѫ˵Ĺ죬ʹֻжܸоǿֲСϵĴǰѻѪĶ֣ݻķ
ѵǴ˵еļƷͻȻ뵽
뷨һţԼ⻯ѪǴ˵еļƷƷֻһ˵ǧû˵мƷĳҲֻ润ʢϹʱڲпܳˡ
ͽĿתһǧϣǧϺܹԼеԩ꣬ǧĽ޵ǧټɵģޱȣºƷеһƴ˵ΨһþǸ޵ʳ
ǧдԩһ磬ܲ޷ϵֱ۸ԭ;Ͳö֪ˡ
ս֮ͱӿٶȱֱĳŻԪһڵɽŷȥ
֮Ϳɽ΢΢̾˿ϷһöƣһԪһڵĻɽȻһâû˻ɽ֮Уɽϱһһ˸ߵĶڡ
ԥһᣬջ̤С
ߺˣս뻤ɽʮλʿŷƺһԲϾҪӡ
ͣüͷ
ӵͽܣͷʿ˵
һʦܹģ
ߣΪӾһɽɽѾˣ㻹Ϊܺٻͷʿһ͵͵ġ⡱һ£ˣѵʦ
ԽԽĻţÿ
ͷʿƳһۣȻʦӣϿ϶вٵĶֵܼɽҲףɣ㽻һƿ
ûе˵꣬һž;Ȼͳһƿһ˲ݵϣ
𣿹˾͸ҹһ
ͷʿ͵Ĵֱʸסˣ˵һƿֻЦ˭Ҳû뵽;Ȼܹóһƿ
ͷʿ̲סƳĴһۣвɵ¶̰֮ɫ
ͽЩʿı鶼ͷʿ̰֮ĵʱЦһÿ
£˿϶ħϸͷʿһ
ʮλʿȻ׷Ӧеķȫֱͣ
ɱ˶ᱦǻʸ񣡡һ
ϰ׹һЩʿķ׷£ϳأЩͨеƷεֵ񽣵һնһգ۵Ĺʮͱ˷
ৣâͷʿֱ۱͸ж
͵Ŀڵϲϰʿһֱӵס
ÿ
飬Ϊ˭ƾʲôռݣ
ǣѵӵı
ƽ˼ɽ壬ʱȴվʿһȺʿǰһŮձĿһȺʿ
ǰкθϵһ
ߵ֮ѵҪŭһʿһ
ߵ֮¶ϷʵЦݣ
㲻ҪΪ߾ΨһͽܶѾսȻ֮ʲôʸռţһʿƿڴ
ɫһΧ¶˲͵˼㣬һ뵽ǸһֱЦʿѾԶȥ
սϢԪһڵʱеʿһϲΪ˾ʹӵ²˼̳УôЩͳ֮ȻδܹõǱǰȻһݻᡣ
ҲսϢһ겻һһõս֮ӱݺ顣
ԪһڶӵľʲôµĻôһУڵõʦ׿£ĵӿɽ壡
ǽɽ֮ȴһ˱ĸ磬֮סԱ߻һñƳɵĹȴʲôûд
鲻ǸŴξԼ˻ôȥĿһȺʿ
ҹ֮дһŭ
ϵı˪¶һ˿Цݣ
ˣĻˣ˵
أһϮ˵棬ĿһȺʿ
ʦ˭Ϣʱ䣬Ȼͺ
Щʿһ㶣漴ЦǾۼŻԪһڰʿĵӣʹʯɽҲ˵ĻһʿȻ͸˷
һ

ƳЩʿһۣ
ৣһâһʿ˲䱻г룡
ϵĽâͣˣϢȻĴɱ䣡
ЩʿҲû뵽;Ȼ˷񣬸Ҵһ񣬾ʿ͵ϡ
ʣµʿҲڷӦ׷׼ԼķͣΣɱһվɣʿ˵ҲʮǾͲʮʿòһŲʿ
ЩʿŲʮʿʮһʿҪټ򵥲ˣ
ǽһȴȫǵĹƣÿնһâͻһʿ䣬һЩʿͼ÷ֵһɫĽâ³ɶ
һŲʿһ֮ȻѹʮʿҪ˿һĻ϶һսʽȻͽһޣһ֮ܵ
Щʿڿ־ˣͬɱ˿ħһɱʮˣѾѪӵѪޣ
˷ˣţţͻȻʿ
ͲмƳЩɢӵʿһۣ񽣣һֱվԼ΢΢һЦþòˣ
˵ͷ㻹𣿡
һ㶣ӡеɲ˵εĵ˵ͷã
ǰĶֻǴΪܣˣҾԭӻͳһö򽻸͡
ͽӹϵЦЦл
ҶΣЩӦõģ鵭һЦ
ڸոյһ˲;ȻЦˣű˪Ȼ¶ЦݣԼ۾ˡ
ĿתԵĹ֮ϣʦôߵô磿
սϢԪһ֮ǰ·ʧȥ֧ŵĶ֮ݺȥ˵
͵˵ͷ񽣣ûֵĹϿһд֡ʦ֮ĹФ


121 ʮ
һȺʿֵòɿ
ɱɱһӰ٣
ԣȻɱҵӣ

ʯɽƳλһۣһȺӾȻһŲʿɱ˻ǻ˼ﳳ
²ô˰ȻҵԺ㰡һĳ˵
ǣҵȺôҲʿôһʿҵͷϣźҪ˵һȺʿ֮о͵ĳֶӾǱͷϵġ
ԭΪͱɷǰǴ׷ϱɣ˭뵽;ȻܴɷǰǴѣȻص˻Ԫһڡ
Ҳ֪ʿһû׷֮㻹ʯɽһ
һ飬뵽ʮʿֻʮλû졣
ʯɽһΪҲ²ǴЩʲôע⣬Ȱþ˼ȻǳԵĿ󣡡
ҲɱҵӣѵôˣĳϺ
ӵĵӣʯɽڵѹ˲佫
ڳĶʿ̲סһǲףѾˣʯɽΪλ˿͡
ƶƷƷҩʯɽ˵
˻ڵʿ̲סһ
Ȼ֪ʦӣȻ˵һţ˶ôϣΣûмʮŬҲ֮ȡóɾͣû뵽һ࣬;ƶƷҩƷҩʿ˵Ҳ൱ջ
˵ģżѵ˿ڿˮԼĵľ
ƭǲɣʯɽһ
һܹƶƷƷҩʦɵҪԲԶӵ˵ʦеĵλߣȥһĴʦɵӾӱ¿߹
ħսĹؼʱڣ˭Ҳ˵Լû˵ʱʱڽһʦ֮ڶԼ·һʦȣʮͨӵԵˡ
ƶƷҩг϶͵ʾɡ
ʯɽһǲԸҲû취֪˭ȥ鷳ͱĺ
˶̲סӣȻвʵΪ˼Ӿͽ黮ܹΪʿĶɵּ򵥵ļǻǻġ
֨£ƿţż򵥵İӽ̵ʱ⡣
һжûб䡣͵˵
˵ͷǰҲϣﱣԭ
Ϳλĺ¯̾˿ʦĵ¯ô󣡡
һ㶣ͬеĵ˵ͷ
Ժʲô㣿ʵ
ȽԼΪ߰ɣûʵ˵ȨûС̾˿
ɱ䲢һʱ𣬶ǿΪ֮ԪһڶΪ۸ɽŵĵӶֻЩûԪһ֪ͲǺǵģԪһЩϿҪԴ˱ĻҲȻ壬޺СӳԪһһⶼûС
ıĵһʱƵģȵʮʱҾͻƱĵѲ׼þˡ˵
㻹ǵãһ㶡
ҴӦôǣڵΪƱĵ̫ǿĻͰƺˡЦ
֨֨ŹǰСͻȻ˽ļϡ
СӣСӵԴ
СȻĸ۾гһˡ
㣡ʹӴͳƿ顣
ЦҡҡͷֵҩҲȱ
ЦЦһƷЧá
Ʒ龪˳ӦҲ֪Լ̫ˣ˼ЦЦ
Ϳϴһ㽿ߵ鲻ɵóˣȻܺÿڵÿ
ƷƷƿʵ
ȽϺðɡ˵
㲻Ҫ۸Ҳ˵ܹƳƷҩȫƳôƷȻǿѹʦ˿㣬Ȼһˡ˵
͵һƷˣ˾ãÿ˵
ΪʲôôãͻȻʵ
ΪΪΪ˰ҲûΪһȻһԵһЦ˳
Цˣαô棡Ц
εͷĽ޵жʱûоôܹ
ȻȥˣôòȥʦһҪż˵
ţ͵˵ͷ
ľͷаһˮ뿪塣
ҲӦ˵΢΢̾˿
ʰһ֮ͱ㽫ǧý⽣첼Χǧʯ˳ȥ㱻һ֡ȷǧý⽣֮ͱ֮УһҩͶ˺ɫĵ¯֮Уʼ
ۣܿ¯ڱ㴫һɽζҡҡͷʧˣ
һֱеһԽеҩͶжڷͷٶкϸҪһϢ֮Ҫܴһٵ˵Ҳʲô£ҲֻܴʮһٵкңԶľ롣
ҲֻгΪʿʹµַ뵽
ȷֽ׶޷ʹַ֮ͱһͷ֮УĽ޵һս࣬ôһȻкôһöƷ֮ͱ˱Ա߿ʼԼ
һһ꣬Χ󷨰Χ˼ʹҲδܹƳǧý⽣
ǰǶ󷨵סҲǿƿ󷨣ֻ뿪֮Ҳвʿǰ壬ǧý⽣סЩʿû˺õȫǿдء
ǧý⽣ôôģдӳʯ¼ʹʿҲÿƿ˵Щֻʿˡ
𣡡֮ͻȻһХ˷ܵĿڱڲϢһٴͻƣʮ㣡
һһٶȲν죬ʹǽ˵ٶҲˡ
ƷЧȻǲͬ죬Ʒ֪ǿ˶ٱ֪üƷǺεЧвɵ뵽
һ֮Ҳûڵҩ¹򣬵Ʒзöٸ¶ʼջƷûƷķչƣ͹򻪿ռȼƵԵʡ
ΪҩɵҡҡͷȻҩأȥȥҲ⼸ְˣҪѸĿռͱͬҩǱֵȼҩ


122 ҩ԰
簲֮ڣȻá
ȥҩ԰һӦûջ񣡡뵽
һ뵽ҩ԰;ͲɵĿЦһȻڻԪһѾˣȥĵطָȻҩ԰ﶼ֪
ţ棿һ㶣ǧý⽣е˲һֱ˵ǲ
飿ô⣿˭֮һ㶡
ô⣿
һˡ鵭˵
εЦЦһչˣ⵵£ľˣ
ʮ㣬ٶȱеĻҪ죬ֻһλʿ鵭˵
ðˣˣҪȥҩ԰һˣҲʶ·ɷһ̣ʵ
ɫŹֵĿ֮ͣŵ˵ͷԪһҲҩ԰·˿Ҳֻһˣ
ȥҩ԰·̲֮һɽͣ
Ϳƽƽɽ岻ɵĺ棬͵ĽֻһС˽ƣһ׹⵲ס͵ĽŲ
ǡͿ顣
ҩ԰Ľƣҩ԰е֮أѲΪ룿ϴ޵Ц⡣
͵˵ͷҪôȥ
鿴һۣҡҡͷ治֪ôġ
һƶһգʱһâ˽֮У֮û˶վڽȺ
ɣһյʱ䣬ϵ洫ǰĽѩڡ
󷨣±ǧý⽣Ҫǿһ̾
龰Ҳҵ˽ȥͽһ˲ǽһθԭ
͸ıӰɻô֮Ⱥģѵʲô£ʲôµĻΪʲôҩ԰
վ棬Ͳ԰ڵΡ
øɲݺӴɵéλ԰ӵ룬һ鱻ۻֳķεأе롣ÿڶдУϤİҩݣһЩι״ֲ԰ȻʹһҲ泩ޱȡ
ݲɵԼסݣ߾Ȼ˵
ʦѾˡéݹ˵
°ɣϵéڴ
˵ͷͽˡ
ɡ
ͿЦһƿéݵţéڵĲҲǳļ򵥣һʱϿ
ǰյĵӣʵ
Ȼ֮еָ˭˵ͷ
ı˶ˣʵ
ʦϵ費СܹյģʹһҲܼʦ֮һ˵
һǫ֮ȴüͷһ壺һ޷һĻϻкô
ϾȻɢһ˿ɱ⣬ʵɱ⣬ƺһ̾пܱɱ֮
˵ʵһɱ˲ʧӰ١
Ҳ̲ס˿Ȼֻж̶̵һ˲ȴӹŹһˣѾˮʪ͸ˡ
ҡ˵
;ȻѾɵı²ɵĿһۣһ¯ҩҿ
һ㶣ǰΪΣ
һ¯شҿǷ˵ɵı¡˵
ǰѵʶʦʵ
һ
ֻõ˵ͷʿ֮ҲֻܵͷˣӴȡӵĺ¯һҩͶ¯֮ᴿַɵĵ˵ͷõĺ¯ʱǵ˫۲ɵ¶˼ɡ
䣡éڵ¶˲ߣɫĻ͵ĿʱʱתҩҺʱں¯вײںϣᣬҩӺ¯ðŵҩһϲϴһķڳɫ˿֮º¯ڵҩԽԽŨ
һ뵤¯֮ʹһɫ¶͵漴սڡ
򿪺¯ʮԲĻشڵ¯֮УɫҲƷȻûеƷĵزҲԶͨĻشҩǿϲ٣شǿǶƷҩƵѶȻǾһƷҩܹȵģǳɵʻǳʶҪԶԶھһ¯ܳɹҾƳʮشһ;Ѿ൱Ļ
Ҳ˵ɵı£ҪȪ֪»ᱻһ
ڨڨĵ˵ͷһҲҺһʿ죬ƺԼʦе㽻飬ǳڱֻʵͶֻܹԹԵţ
˵ѵӾͽ̳ôһҷϣ
ҲֻܰԿЦǰ֪޶ۣʦ֮
ͣһ˵ô£һʿôܻӵֻʿյ𣿡ʵ
ʦطڵġ˵
ʧȥеһ˻֣ȥ
͵˵ͷǣ
ȥıӰ¶һ˿ЦݣЦޱȵºͣĺ㣬ʱ򣬽ʮȴƳشȪ֪ӦҲοһ˰ɡ
ôʦûΪɣ鿴߳éʵ
ãǱ˼䣬ʦǲǺʦʶȻôᴦңʵ
˭֪ĵ˵ͷʦʦŮ
ʲôʦŮͽе
˵ͷʦʹǶʦŮҲû̫Ĺػʦʦһʱ䶼û㳤ʦʦ֮ĹϵҲôãڻԪһҲʲôܡ
̲סéһۣѹԼ˲ԭһϵ档
ɽʦָʾƺҪʲôһ㣬ⲹһ䡣
̾˿ˣ͵ǸǸʦծˣԺöˡ
һ㶣㻹Ĳ
εЦЦʦŮҵʦˣʦһҲνˡ
һֵˡЦ
Ҳɡ˵
ˣȻסҩ԰ضҩϤɣҩ԰ʲôҩͻȻʵ
ôҩ԰еҩɵģǲժȡġѵ
ժһҲûʲôϵɣû֪˵
ָָéݣ˼ʦʲôòȥ
һ뵽éеλйˣˣһȥɡ
أ˲Ӵ͵Դ
;ȵĿӣȻͷȴû˿ʹУȵװľȻǰҩҹݡ׺֥ҩҪõҩݾȻң
лǰӳéݹһݡ
é֮ûдκε죬ֻЦЦ֮ص壬ҩֲ֮УҩƷͣոĿռʹ˼ٸƽ


123 
ҩ԰éУվһԡ
쿴úΣʵ
ʮΪƳƷҩشӲ鵭˵
˵ĻпϣСϵ츳ߣҪϼ֣꣬ܽյֵز̾
˵ͷʦеġȻҲʦϰߣҲֻƺʦóˡ
һһ΢΢̾˿
ϣĿеƤ˵Ҳ֮оȻƤÿһƤ֮϶һ䷽˵䷽߹Ƥ䷽һ㶼꾡˵裬ƤֻǼõҩˣڱķһûᡣ
յפյ裬ŵ֮صĵҩ
;ȵǰֵҩյפյһ㶼ǸŮ޷õĵҩյ˼Ǳգפյഺפܹʿòȶڷõҩʱ
֮˽֮ʹʿҲ⣬湦Ȼפ֮ЧҲֻ˥ϵٶһЩˣԾפյһ൤ҩĲ˵ֵҩϹʱһʿΪԼ˫ްഺפƳġ
Ҳ֪ǸϹʿǲǳԱ˳ŵĻôģȻıƳˣפյ䷽ҲͿפյ䷽϶ҩݵҪʱ鶼͹
ƤϵҩƽҲûʲôƷ֣ƵķҲܼ򵥣Ψҩ˾פյҩݾȻҪǧϣ
ЩҩľȻҪǧϵҩԣΪյԭãҲѹݺټפյֵҩˡϾλǧϵݣǻĵĸ˷Ϊôפյϡ
ҲֻҩصϹʱڲƳפյˡ
ŵŵһߣͱ㿴ĵ䷽мҩͶûм˵ˣҲӦǺ;һ͵ĵҩڹЧȴȾҪǿϲ٣±ʿõĻҲҪǿһ㣬̫һ㡣
ͬһĵͲɵĿЦһ֪λʦ㽫ŵԼʲô˼ѲɻƳֵҩɣһ뵽ӰԽԽÿܡ
յð죬פյͲðˣǧϵҩұݶҲȻⲻڣڵǧҩһƬһƬģͲڵҩפյⲻŸдǧҩ
ŵ֮ͱЩ֮еʿǱ˳ȥȻ׳ȥ֮ǰϵĴΧ˼µȱˮû㲻ˡ
֨֨һ;СӺѰֵĽֻһֻѰ󣬵ǵͽСӴ֮Сƺһȥ˼ûС
ЩСһҩ͵ǲôģСһһӽڵҩȫϸЩҩǻġ
СһȻ裬һطȴʼղȥǾǱڵķԲ֮ڣʱСӸսʱǳţ»СıQ˱ķΧ˲Ǳһϵĺëһֻһ㣬ǹֽвͣͽȥ˳ĻСӵڶء
ڱԱ߻öѣöѺһöѣҪܷ֮֮ԣĵطǱԼǷڱˣȻСһԸĻ¶Ҫ˳ˡ
Ҳ֪ǲǱĹϵöѵĵϾȻһɫ·
ڱԱߣһöƷ֮㿪ʼѾ⣬ʮһȥ
ʱţħսѾݱʼڱ״̬𽥰ذܾ֣ħҲŻ˹ƣ֮γ΢ƽ⣬ĻħսͻĽħѾﵽԼĿģҲʧ
һս֮ħҲӿֳ˲ٺ֮㣬׵ľǻԪһڵĽħŵѪģõ˵Ѫչǵʵž콣ɵһȺի̣ŵķͬɷŵİǴɷڵѪͯӡ
꣬ħս꣬ս䣬ԪһӸֻʣǧˣݵһɵľӢڣһѾΪɵǰɬǴʱѾ㹻뵽ɵĴ
꣬㹻ܶĸı䣬ĴӢȺԪһһӶĸʿǽֱ֮ӱʯɽɽչءڶĴӢɹû˸е죬ǵɹ˾أе˵ĺⶼĴӢϣ˼ǵûһ˽ͣһΪͽܣһջϴɱʿ
һٻӰʼնڹעɽڵһٻӰΪķ羰˾ĻһᱻһٻӰԵǰƾǧý⽣󽫴󲿷ʿ֮û塣
гҲõʯɽľ治Ұǰһʽ
鿴ű󷨰Χ΢΢̾˿ˣһ˾Ȼһɽڱչ֮꣬ΪѾȶԲľ磬ֻһܽڣһѣʹҲͣһ
ˣͻȻ󷨿ʼҵĲΧǷӿһһ㽫Χ롣
ɽ٣˶ɽ٣
˭
ѵһԪһڻʿ
һʱʿĿۼ壬ƺǵôһʿסϣ
ѵҪܣǰֻһʮʿˣôܣеʿ
龪ϲĿ壬ƺͻʿһ̡
ۼԽԽ죬󷨵Ͽһʽƿʼۼ˿ڶɽˣ׷˳˽ƵķΧǿɲ뱻ˣ
¡е׵粻ϵķڶ
ǿ٣¶˺Ȼ֮ɫ
أ͵Ϊ׽ҪµʱʵĽ˲ʧӰ٣ӿҲ˲ָ
ʧˡ
֮еͰյ̾˿Ŵγƿȴʼղ÷һоҪͻһ㱡ĤȴĪʧˡ
ڷƷʹƷĳЧҲûʲôãֲܽƷһᴿֻܽϣˣ


124 
Ȼͳʧܵȴ˵Ŀ⣬Լ𺳵ķʽĴڣȻⲢҪġ
ɽһϮµĽȻſ˫ۣķɵĵ˵ͷˣҲҪһˣ
ѾɹʿĽһ׽͸ĸоƺһ㡣
ƿʧܵȹһΪ֮˳飬׶ѾǿܹˣִҪͻƿǧѡ
ʱˣ΢΢̾˿
ֻʹӴͳһֻǧ꺮СƿӣӨ͸ƿһöڱһĵҩΪƵıĵʱ͵üΣʹǼƵıĵھٴεʧܺҲ˳
һ˽Ĳˡ
һͻƸ˲СӰ졣͵˵
͵ǰһɫͨʹ󲽿˽ȥתۼΧ
ͻȻֵʿҲһܵϰ֮ȷԲľ磬ֻһ
ƳЩʿһۣ̬ůɲǰЩʿο
ûйЩ˵ȣʹڴҲ
鿴еСƿ˵ͷ㻹ǵã
ǣЦЦ˵
鵭һЦСƿս˴֮УɣʦҪ㡣
һ뵽̲סЦһ
Ĵһ̤ҩ԰֮Уһһ̬ӵӣȻ䵭̬ȣ˱䶼¡
ʱ䣬ʮԲ磬˵ٶȼʹڻԪһҲֻȡ˵
ǰˡ˵
ͲΪһ仰İԼһԼԼλȻ˵Ҳǵ׵ĴڣͱͲһ򵥵飬İĻڻǻء
еñʧ֮㲢ֻǿҩѳģ֮ÿ춼Ҫ״֮࣬ʱҲԭİڵһʱҲһݼִ̺Ųڵĳɾ͡
ͳ費ĵ˵ͷյˣ
Ѿյ߰˰ˣǿƷҩͻش
Ʒҩ
Ѫյɷƣʵ
ǿܹƣûƹʮ¯ҩֻ֮ܳ¯ˡ͵˵
ƷҩĳɵʾȻܹάڰٷ֮ʮңҪǴ˳ȥĻеʿΪ֮𾪣ͻĸ߳ɵʻ⡣
ݣͨʦܰѳɵάڰٷ֮ʮѾˣƷҩĳɵǸˣʮ¯֮ڲܳɹһ¯ΪʦӵĳɵҲڰٷ֮ʮˣ
λ棿Ȼе
͵˵ͷǰ
Цŵ˵ͷһ¯Ѫյҩ
˵ӴͳʮУװĶѪյҩѪյΪƷҩƵķȻһƷܹġ
Ҳ˵ֱó˺¯еҩһԵĵ˺¯֮Уϵķͣɫ˲佫¯ɫĵ¯ڳɫİΧ²ϵת
͵ַˡҰɵüͷɻıĸ꣬;ȻһԽеҩͶ뵤¯֮Уɡ
ƺûע⵽üͷϵķԽԽ죬Ѿ˿ĵز
ע⵽ϵķȻһ׷ʶȻһ׷ֱȴһ׷ֽ׶κһҪ
ƷҩѪյʥҩֻҪһô˵ȻҲΪ˵̫Ѷ̫ݶûмܹƣԭΪȥܹ֮ƣ˭뵽֮ȴѾ˵ز
ϵķͣŵĿź¯ڵҲһ˵עƷҩѪյ֮ǰûΪû㹻ҩѪյҪʮҩЩҩͲܹŪģҲǸСģϧõеַ
ͳһеַȻޱȣҲǼʹԲҲɴгԲͷ˴Ƭĺˮ
΢΢̾˿ƷҩֻʿԲľ绹̫ǿˡ
ƺһͳһѻԪϵٶȲ
ɫ͵Ŀ֮²ϵķڣһʱ¯֮нһŨҩ㡣
ŵҩ;һ˿ҵȻҩζŵ¯ڸҩĳɷѾںˣʱ׳µʱ˿Ҵ⣬һٵĴ뵤¯֮Уŵ¯ڵĻ
һʱ˵ֻһ˲ˣǶͺ˵һʱȴԵޱȵȫˮʪ¯еҩҲԽԽŨѾ˳ɵĹؼʱ̣
üͷһдһķɫ˲һϧͷԼ˲éݶҪȼգĿȥҲ죬ʹһ㻯һŻס¯Ľ䵽档
ۣ¯֮дŨҩ㣬һ¯ѪյȻˣ
;öе㲻˼飬ȻԼģǵһѪյƷҩ֮ǰ˵ɹڰٷ֮ʮҲֻǹưˣڵһ¯ҩÿκεȴôˣ
ҿ¯öɫĵҩڵ¯֮С
һ¯֮оȻֻѪյ͵ĿĳһζƷҩһʶ뵽ǰʦðƷҩĲ;ͲòʦĺģҲѹЩʿΪĶԸƷͶģҩջȷܵ
Ҳû뵽;ȻܹƳƷҩѪյɫѪյͻȻһĪ͵ɫҲɵºࡣ
˵
һ㶣ǻǰ˹ȥ
ʱҲǶԵģҵһˡ˵
һĿĻʦľ־ƺѾ˸Ů֮Ĺϵ
ûк𣿡һϣĿ͡
ȻͿеõ϶Ļش𣬵ȴεվ˵Ҳǣ˵Ҳǡ
͵ķӦɬЦЦˣˮޣô𣿡


125 ɽ
εվһߣ֪˵ʲôȻܲ³ǰԼʦĸ鲻һ㣬ɲܹʡ
ˣȥȥˣȻˣǺô̳²̾˿˵
ȥɡ˵
ͳһ֮˳éݡ
֮Ҳû飬õ˱ĵ϶æͱ뿪ҩ԰ŷɽֱԪһڵɽš
ڳƿ£ԪһʶͣɽŵʱҲû˸;ҡڵĳ˻Ԫһڡ
ڲԶĶͣȻʯɽǲģվûһҪɱ͹Ȼãѣպͽʿ֮鷳ˣȨֻܷ֮
ħսѾβһ·ҲʲôʿڶһʱӭѵõĺƽһҲѵõ̤š
֮ȻҩȱΪһǧ̶ʱ㽫ΪԲ磬ǳҩ֮еķȴˣζ֮ͷ
ϵķҲһ񽣣Ǿĸһɵǣټо궼ûʲôͷĻѪȻÿһǿǶǹԵķڷͷһûС
ͨʿӵôƷƷضޱȵ㣬ȴȻôȷѪ꣬ȻҪԣǷͷûзͷĻڶϺܳԿ
һγɽžڷй򼸼ĵķǿķзĻٺòˡ
ȻǳôһЩҪ׼ͱãճɽͱ֮Լòĳһʮͷ󺺣ϢԼΪѹƵŲңȷûʲô©֮󣬱ſ˱ķɻһâʧʡ
˷ի
ɸ󡣡
칬¥
Ĵŷеĵ̣ѡһС¥ĵ̡
𻯳ɣ˽֪ĵʣ̸ȡֱضǶԼĻģҲϣѵһľƷϾԲ۹⣬ͨƷѾķˡ
ǻԪһϽķУݵһ̨еΰȻǼõģҪľлҪʢ֣ħսȻݱȴ˿ûӰ쵽Ԫе⣬һЩΪ˱Լȫ˳÷ʯõҲҪòС
һڣ;΢΢һ
ʮ˻ӵͩľһڽڳĹ̨Լ߰ͳһ̴ӣһжһ־Դ𺳸С
̴ӣֱλƿģ߽ʲô
ڹ̨ڷ廨ŵƷʽϿӦöһЩ߲õϵĶͼĸԭϵõķȫӦоС
΢΢һЦҶ˵ط
ʱһ̴ģӭЦ˵͹ҪЩʲôҪҪСİæһ£ĶԻп飡
ҪЩͷֻҪõĶЩƷͲҪóҿˣ͵˵
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¥ϵİĴͬˣС࣬һһЩɫμҾ㣬õĵŴ󷽣ʰݡȻǣӵĽﻹһ¯¯һѬȼţڳ˵̴ζ
ĻǱһζҲ᳡ĺֺĹӵȴѷһ
֮˿ˣŲæİһϣһ̴ͬ첽ǰ˼䡣
֮󣬾͹ӭ΢Ц˵¥ƹƣ֪γƺ
šͺİѶͷֽһˡ
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Ǻǣ㾴ַģ¥Ͼһģ궼ų̂⣬ô̾͸ȥˣλƹ񲻽˵һгӡ
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С˵ҪõķͷȥĲңѼѾõı̨һۣϣֵķۣƹĽУЦ˵
΢˵ͷִеһ֮ϣʹ򿪽еһɲ˲Զ֮ϵεס
һ󿴵Цеİƹ¥ıմʩûıմʩдʿߵĻ¥ʧʹˡ
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һϲ׷ͲƹĽ֮еɲɵİ˼֣⴩ĸȻǺǾĸȻе࣬ϾǾĸϸ׵֮Խȥ
׶ܣǳķԷô麮֮صɣιޱȡ᲻ƣһʩͿΧԶƹͲΪһưС΢ܣ˵Ȼֵݸͣһ¡


126 ټ
ͽУḧĻƣһºһ䣺ʩһ𣡡
Ȼˣ־þǣƹܴ󷽵˵
ȻԷ˵ˣҲע뵽֮
˲ڹ⣬գۼͷŴҷƣƯڿУΧʼߴСڱסϵĳЩҪ֮
һϲ΢һ£ȻԶ·裬ǳС
֮Ͷǳ⣬ȱľܱķƣļ˲١
ͲûʾʲôֻĬĬĽܷŻ˺ڣȻڴԷĽܡ
ƹûΪ͵ʲôԷǳƼһƷһӰСɫԲ顣
ӣϹʱڣĳʿнȡ׵ɣÿһĪ˵ʹڵʿӲףҲҷ𡣵ѣʹʿҲδƣһҲǱ¥˺ôŵԵֵġ
ƹ˵ⷬ󣬲¶ֵ֮ɫɼϡС
ԶܽڵʿҲܻɱ˴Ķǿ󰡣ֱܺͷˣеĻϾ൱ɱﵡֻļ۸Ǹߵ˰Ҳδ۳
ƹɫ󣬾Ͳٿ˵ˣĳһۣȻһ裬ƵƷζȻϻһǵʵʵĽδܣȴֲֻˡ
΢΢һЦ֪λƹ⣬֪ǸԼԷʵʱˣһֻıǲġ
ıֵȻҪǰ֮ϣʶǰ֮ȻһȤ
ʹӴͳһСƿڵ˰ƹǰѧŰƹӶһƵƷζ
ƹ񿴵ֻóһСƿɵһ㶣е轫ƿһɵҩеζðƹһ
ҩ֣ҩݲʹǶƷļֵҲʯҩļֵԶһκһ˵һˡƹ˵
΢΢һЦƹβһ㣿
ƹһ㶣еһҩ˳ɫĵҩϲϵɢŨҩ㣺ѪյƷҩѪյܣⲻܣ
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Ҳ˳ĪϵΪߣҲ߰˲ңðƹ˾ĳһй֮
ƹͷӶ˳ѵʲôҲ޷ǩ𣿡΢ʹ˼ŲΡΡ˵
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ڣĪϰƿķŵϣȻĿ˼һſ˫Ŀʮֿ϶侲˵ϲƹȷƷҩѧյ٣ϷԴƱ
ƹһϴϲͰѴϹ¥ݣϲʤװҩƿַĿ顣
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ĳһ϶Ŀʵ
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ⷬ˵ȫĻȷûᣬ˽һ¡ȥҲʡһͷˮһֱȥȻǶڷȷеϢȴô˽⣬ô˻Ҳ˽һ¡
ƹЩͣⲻʲôҪܵ飬ֻ֪ЩѣֵΪ˵ǰĴͻͷǳˬĴӦһһйءһС
ﻹǴǽᵤʿſһƷ
ĸ߽ʿѷĲ뵽ƷֽУҲʱʹܵһƷʹͬʱзͷ˫ԣ֪ڵϷΪα׷
֡αǳ⣬ҪᵤʿУʹȴκνײ߽С˵ʹһʿҲʹķȴԭʮ֮һֻеʮ֮ܽӵ£ƷҪǿ֡
˰ƹĽ֮͵ɵһ죬뵽Լ˷ѵ¾ɽɵ̾˿ʱĻôʿҲöˣҲᶨҪ˼


127 Ϣ
Ȼˣʹ᲻ͣĴڵķܣĴǷҲͳˡοƷʹã⵹Ҳһӵ⡣
⡰ɲһ򵥵顣
Ϊԭǽᵤʿſ֮ϡ٣ʼҪʿԪҹǲóʾ˵ģԸ˵Ҫʲôˡ
Ҫ֪൱ڰѷܷȥһֵΪÿһö˶Ҫ´þòܰٴǵ͵𼺵Ϊˣһûλᵤʿɵµġ
׻˵ĺã޳ơֿ޴ľٶ󲿷ָ߽ʿڴ֮ǰȥΪֻܸ˻һʲС
Ҫ֪ǰķʱ±˼̳к޷뷨ȫһģԭзɥʧ룬⻹ҪҲﵽᵤڲСֻܸɵ۳ŷ޷÷ֺһȰѷơǵĺ󱲸Ϊʺϡ
ơҲǺܶࡣ
ÿöܷӡķֻǷܵʮ֮һѣֻɼٲࡣˣʹͬһӡġҲǲβ룬ͬ
ΣƷ÷ͣ÷Ԫʧܶ࣬Գơ龰ǲֵܳġÿһηƣ˶ҪЪزָܻԪ⻹䲻˷Ԫ´£ʱ仹ӵĳá
ɽ糣龰
ǰĸ߽ʿͨǰ׼ȥмֵĶһöķöӡͬܵġⲻܲ˵һε£
Щ鶼Ϲʱڲܷˣڵһᵤʿûи˵Ʒˣִķʿӹʿżлõģ˵ƷҪ󼸷֡
ϾȻû䣬ƷƵĳģڷҲֻˣݵķһһڲԴǰõöѾˡ
ƹĻŶԷһ˽⣬ִһеö
ŽשǱ¥ϧ޼۴ĳСչģ˿δùո·ȡֵѪյԴ´࣡ƹһ˴Ŀ˵
ͰЦһ£һҲŶԷ˵ĳԿҲǸˣԼĵҩڶԷ϶öֻ߲͡
ô׼ȡһƷƹЦʵ
ԣԥһ£еò⡣ٶܼ̣ûиõķǰ⼸ȷܲܺ⣬һֲ֣ᡣرǼשǶ֮İ͸ˣһҪµġ
⼸¶Ƚϲ㶼Ҫˣ˼ǵһ˾ġ
ƹһȲ˵öשӣĸУ커׶ͼֵƣ˵ҲҪƷʯӴĿʹһ֮Ҳδó
־ͲҪðĳЦˡƹɫ˲Ѿ͵ֵҵʿˡ
ͿŰƹ΢΢һЦ㿴ĳڿЦ𣿡
ƹʱʾõǿѹͷŭ֣Ҳ㣬Ǵĸк커׶ܵļֵһʯϣټһöӣҪϵʯ˵һöˡ
͵˵ͷĳȻֵ֪ƣĳѪյļֵҲ֮°ɣй֮Ѫյֻһöƹ񲻾ܲ𣿡
ƹɫһѪյļֵȷƣǻԺƷ
΢΢̾˿ӴͳһСƿټһƿ鵤Ҫеķ
ͱ㲻˵ˣƷűе裬ŰƹȻһƽϡ
Ʒҩ鵤ƹ̲סһ
ƹ־ϲƿеĵҩ֮һȷƷҩ֮漴ù鿴ͣϾóƿƷҩݶָϾܹƷҩҲǼҲ͵ƷҩʼϲȥƷҩļֵҲᱻ֮ߣһƷҩԺһƷ
ƹ˵ͷԣƿƷҩ⼸ֿռ˴ˡ
ԴͲÿɷ񣬽װ֮׼뿪
ƹͻȻס͡
һ㶣£
ƹЦЦԺƷҩĻϣȿǱ¥¥һһŻݵļ۸չ
͵˵㣺һһ
뿪¥֮Ψֱ˸٣ûֱӻػԪһڣһȦӻԪɽߡ
ȷ˸֮ͱɽһʯڶסŴмתķҲ൱Ļȡ
ô˻ҲеĶһΪߣϵĴҲԽԽ࣬ԼԼʲôˡ
ͽö˳
һöѪħһöϢһöĽݽϵõħ͵֮ҲǴӴлãһö
ڷͶˣɵǣǾĸĸУӣ񽣣ɻ׸ȷ˵׸ͶҪƷˣ׸ǺͽչܵȷһƳģȴһֱ֮߸
Щһһ֮ͱ㽫Щֳ˼װ˴֮УװŽһѵĶװꡣ
ϸңͻȻ⴫ӵ
ǣ漴һζЩ˾Ȼ÷ΧΪƽأ
ħŵˣһӾϳ⼸˵ĳϾ۵ʿҲֻħһˡ
ͲɵİһôˣϿǻħеϢأֻҪħŵ֪϶׷
İӾȻһˣͲɵİһ
ֵǣһȺħŵʿƺͷӬһ㣬һƬҹ䣬һȺʿΪҲ͵еףȻֻʮңħųԹôοӦʹʮʿҲûʲôӰˣΪλЩͼӣ
䣡ͻȻö˸һħʿħʿҽһ嶼ȼħʿĲҽ˲佫Χʿ˹һˮ˲佫ʿϵĻ
Եܲģ־ܣħʿ
뿴Ϸ֮˲˶ǰʯе񽣺ޱâЩʮҵħŵӼûзӦͱ⽣âնһζΣΧһѪ


128 ˾
һ֮¾Ȼһ
ͿһһԼʶѸţԲڵһһľ۵ףȴʼնûзԵټ
䣡֮ʣһλεĳֱ͵ĺġ
һСܺ׵ĵ͵ı
͵ϮȻû뵽ܹסԼһ˶ݵͣ٣
һɫͬһɫС߱˺Ӱ
ಣӰƺʹ˷һɵӳ
նɵ۾һ͹ȻϳɵǺ
͵ĽԷҲһ㶣ɵٶȲɵ˼֡
磿Է̽Եĺһ䡣
һֵ֮˾Ȼ
Եþòˣ͹Ц
ȫںɫĶ֮еԵεժͷϵĶ񣺡֮ԽԽˡ
Цŵ˵ͷʮһ㣬Ե⼸Ŭ
ԵһȻ͸͵Ϊ񲻾ζ͵ΪѾ߳
磬ڵΪѵѾʮˣԵ̲ס˿ڿˮʵ
Բ硣͵˵
ԵĿԼĸ磬͵ˣλٶԶԶ߶νģȥҲֻʮһˣʱҪĸȴѾԲľ磬˴Ĳβȡ
ͿԵľȵһЦֻǰһʦˣ˵ôᱻħŵ˸ϵģ
һ˵ħţϵЦ˲ʧĸɸɾ
Ե΢΢̾˿ƺ뵽һЩ׵顣
ǰħͻȻû׼ڵĽڣߴʧأʱҲֻʮΪӦսԵ˵
͵˵ͷ֪һ㣬㱻ħ׷ɱʲôϵ
ħսÿʿϵħʿ˵Ҳʮˣսʱڲûоʲô쳣ħͣս֮󣬾вٵĵӱɱԵ̾˿˵
΢΢̾˿Ҳħıˡ
֪ô£Եһ㶡
ħŸĹħս֮ʱϵħʿһħϣɱԽ࣬ħԽأҲԽױ֡ħŻᶢҲɱ˶ˡ˵
Եɫһ䣺ħŶ
ƳԵһۣҲѹ˵ǣϾڵħſɲǰǸɣħ䣬ʵԺݵһɻԪһڷͥ񣬱ɶϣԲһϢ
ԵĽֻЦЦĵĻԺ͸һжֻҪʿ綼бʤİգʹʿҲһƤ
ԼԴԵһĲţȻ͵ΪȷǸߣѾԲľˣԲں֮һԽĺ蹵û˵ʿֿܹʿġ
ҪԵ֪ɱһʿĻҲ֪α顣
Ҳò˶٣ϵħֻ಻٣ħѾ˱ɱˣһжΣпܸ󡣡˵
Ե˵ͷһôиӦһǺ͸һȽϺá
ЦЦҲã򻢲ֵܣֵͺúúħŶһ
ˮôˣʵ
ˮڴȺիĻȻħսüҵƺûв롣һǰҺˮһ棬ʱҲʮΪʱпͻơԵ˵
Ͳɵ˿
Ϊ£ʵ
ͣԵǰٷ֮һٵΣԼʹɻҲޱ
˾Ԫһ˿ѪҲһСļ壬˴κʲô£Բò˾Ԯ˾Ԫеϣ¸أʹҲҵ֮Ծ׼ɵɽ鿴ɵñѡˡԵЦһ˵
ԭˡ͵˵ͷ
һ·˱˵ߣ֪оѾؽ磬˾ԪѪľУڵҲһ壬Ͷ˺ľҵ˾ڡ
ռʮĶ֪֮࣬ǵؼ۵޲졣
˾Ҳɵй¢Խķ֮һͭ⣬˵ͨڳ֮϶и߹רǳͷ˵
һ˼ҵˣȻʮ㣬˵ҲլԺ˴ࡣ
ٿŵ˾ġ
ÿ˾լҪˣǺǷйְȫôһСС˾˿֣ҵֺ
ö֮ع󼸺ԼҲǴĸо
ˣÿͰ˾ĳʱȻһЩТٲ˵ġ˾Ȼɫˣ˵ͨҲ˵
ȻҪһЩݵţ˾ǹؾصģȫֳһԹģ
ЩүСǣǰǰ֮
˵һ˾òӶΪ⡣СϢ˵ҪΪ¹£Էųȥƹĳ⡣˾֪֮Խˡ⼸·ЩƮƮĸо
үųӣϵڴſڵһ磬ͳȥˣλүСҲĹӸǣһͬĻʼ԰ִȥˣʼ԰ֺεصأ˾ҵ˾Ȼȥȥ˾ھǵȨƿ֪˾ҵıһʿڳȨٴҲΪ档
ҲһԷĵ͵һˡ
˾΢紵ЩԺʱ򣬺Ȼǰһӵʡ˾𣿡
˾е˯⣬õĲɡо֮û۾شʲôɥأûү𣡡
˵˻عʮֲԸȥŭ顣
ӶԷͳϾжԷֻһСϾЩʱĸ࿪ٱҲֻŻ˾ڳһСӣ˸ôô
վԼǰʱ˾ȷԼ뷨˻¶һ߹ӣϵ·Ҳֻͨͨĳ˱ӵ˾Ȼһһǹͽϵؤࡣ
˾Խеˡ
˵ͷһٺѵƴүϢǷһԿˡ
ѵ⣬˾ֱ˵ĭɣյʱδݣ·Ҳ˵ˣ¶ſڽࡢ޴ı飬ֻ֪ɵɵ˾ѣ
ԵͣôҲ뵽еĴ羹Ȼᱻ˿·ȷôСϵľϸ
˱˾˼յʱҲֻһЦϾ߸ϵ߻ûһŵļʶĵز


129 Ͼ
˲СһʶС˲һʶ˾ƺˣ˿ûͣ˼
ͺԵ⿴ŵĶ˲綼ټ
˽һʱ˾Լÿڸ˲ͣмĿˣ˵ɣʲôңҪҹĻˣ˾ҼҴҵ󣬵Ҳյģİɡ
ͿЦһ߸ϵ߱һŵС˱ӵֵز¹ҲҲˡ
˾١Ե˵
󵨣ҼүģҼүǵʥϵİֵܣʹһƷԱүҲҪһʲôĶȻֱү֣˾
ոͣµһ𣬶ұ֮ǰĻҪ˾ڵһЩС˶˹˾ڿ°ĭѵһʱɶĺͷԡ
ʲôͻȻŸͷŮ
ոջһѵ˵˾ͬһһĸŮǰүСˣСūֻѵ֪аˣŵСүǲ˼
ߣ˾ĲмһֱӲ˾ı˾û˿Թһҵӡ
ͺԵһĻɵҡҡͷ˼ֵزҲȷס
˾Ŀһۣк£
˾١Ե˵
˾һ㶣ǸֱϰֵǵһμʹǵʥҲֻ͵ơ
ǣ˾Ŀɲ˾˵ĹΪ˾ĽӰ˴СýһҪĶࡣ
˸ֱ׵ֱȻ̣Ȼǲ֪˾ĸԸǰߡ
šԵ˵
ž˾е˲䵽˵ϣĿɿڴĿˡ
˾Ĳ˾Ͼͻع
ԵӴͳһöһСݸ˾ġ
˾ϸıϵ·ԽԽǲƵĲ죡ȥи׻˵ˣ
Ǹ׽ȥʥóóȻĴȥϰ˾˾˵
ȥ˾ɫһ
˾ҲǵһοԼĴˣҲҶֱӿϴֱʳǶȥ
ⲻ֪Ĺȥ˾һ
ִĻ˾ȥոջҫ˾ôҲ벻Լŭλү
λ룬ҸϾ͵˾Ĺ˵
ţԵ˵ͷ˾ĵĴ½˽̻Ի͵˾
˴֮˾ı߾Լкˣв
͸ս˾̲סüͷ˾ȻоϢָо֣̲סԵһۣͺͬĸо
˾йŹ֣˵
ԵҲ˵ͷѹ˾ٻżϢȻҵûʲôӰ죬Ƕڷ˵ȴǶҩڱϢʴĻпʧɥ
ͷųһת˲ϱ㸽һɫʣɫһһ˲佫ɫʷմ
ⶫƺ»ա˵
ͨĻȴԣԵһֻ򣬵Ǻɫȴ˿Ӱ졣
ⶫƺǵҾתһ˿ͣͣȻûжӰ죬ȴ鷳ԵϵĻһɫʳջ١
վһԵ˾ĿԵƾղĽѣǴ˵еߣɰ
Ϊ˾ҵĽӰ˶ߵĴ֪˾׵ĵλǿЩ˵еߣۼ˵еߵʱ˾ĻǱߵֶˡ
λʦ˾ǲǱˣ˾սսʵ
䣿ͲɵЦһ˱ˣԼ޷ܻϳȻ鿴ȷǺ࣬ͿɲΪֻô򵥡
˾ٻûԵüͷһ塣
ˣˣҸϾͻ˾̲סһ¸Ͳڵĺˮ
磬׻ˣ˾˽
˾һϲæ˸ڵңִҲֻ̾Űȫ
˿˾СĿһزɵİЦֶҲƭˣǶ˵һöûУʶһɨʶЩء
λʦ룬ҸѾˡ˾˵
Ե˵ͷ֮С
˾ٰݼλʦһԲϵ˹˵ϡ
Եһ㶣漴ת˾ضֻа˾ˡ
˾˷ܵĵ˵ͷлʦ
˾˵һ°ɣȻѾ˾쳣ǲ֪Դ֣Ե˵
˾ٳ̾˿
˵ʵҲ֪ô£ǰɣͻȻи˻ʧķ裬ҴȻҼʱסǾʧȻͼ󱻼ҽУƺͷһ㣬½½˻ʧķ裬ԽԽࡣ
ѵûʲôѵֻ˻ʧķ裿ʵ
󣿡˾ҡҡͷ
˻ʧķ֮⣬ǲûзʲô쳣
ͳһסʲô쳣
˾һϲλʦ˾ҵĻôˣ
Ϊ׼᷿ǲϣšԵ˵
ǣȥ׼˾˵
ʱ֮˾ٴ뿪ңڶ᷿԰᷿ס£Ͻ˿
ʱԶֶӣȷݾס˾֮С
ס˾һסǰ£˾û˿쳣Ȼǹĺ㲻쳣Ļ
ΪҹҲƽȹʱ˾ΧͻȻӿһطۣ
ͺԵԼͬ۾ŲԶĺۼĵط˾ڵķȴûвκε쳣ЩҲֻ߲ܿ
ܿۼ֮ؾʹ˲ҽһŲ˵ŮĴײеĲ˵Ǽ˾Ϳ
˾һ
ǣִļҽŮΧ룬йǰľǶԸֻʧķҲо顣
ŮͲ֪־壬еĲ˵ֱӿ
һΣ
벻鷢ˣҽеİ־ȻΣѴ⼣Ĳ˵ϼҽеĸֱֵ֮ӿ˼ҽϣضϣ
ͺԵӶԷп˾ȣ޸֮Ů˾Ȼһսļҽҽǲ㾫ִֽͬһ㣡
ҽ˾һһλʧķƺ֮ǰ˲٣Ǵĳ棡
Ůû˿ļɣҽΧסַϸǱҽ˼ɼǵ˺ۣǼʹŮ˻ûȥ


130 
˾ٸǾеļλҽʵھҲִһĴ󽫾ҽΧһʧķĸ˷ǵû£һˣ
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ϵɱһһöɫСĲٿ֮ıܿ˼Χ˵ļҽ׼ȷĻ˸ˣ
䣡ɫĻ˲佫˰ڻ֮вϵĺУɫĻʼոϣ˺ķˡ
ϴһϵ˲һסĸת˲һûʣ¡
˱ɫ֮һöɫС䵽˵ϣΧȴûһ˸ȥöɫС顣
һ˿ɫöɫС֮оȻ̺ŴƷ£е̨񱩣޷ա
һӣöɫСͱС
˾٣һ¡˵
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һ˵ʱ򣬼ʹ˾ĵ˲ɵһ˿˾仰ʵԣ˵ȥĻ˾Ļɱǡ
˾٣ȥΧһ£ǷҲֹ£Ҿ²Ӧý˾һߴеСһ˵
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Щ£ܱ˾ϵĸʴʹӴͳ˼öķ
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˸ĶǾɼ֮ķƽʱ붼룬ǰȴһɼҷ䣬β
Ŷͷĺ˾Ͳɵҡҡͷ˾٣ȻĻ˾ٺпܽͷˡ
㾡ãʵӦѲ㡣͵˵
˾ٵ˵ͷһã
˾˳֮Ե̲סüͷùĺ飬ܸܵǰȴ޷мȡһ˿
һ˵ľûôĻôֶҲ̫ˣһ
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֮ǰЩʧķӦöǱַȴЩ˶ʧˣȴɹˡ
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磬ԷΪ᲻ܸߣԵǵʵ
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Եɫһ䣬ʿǿǿĴڰһֻ־Լʵ벻ԼĴ絽ʲộȻʿη塣
Ϳɫ԰׵ԵЦЦģҲ޴֮ˣ֮ԸͱȻҵֶΡ
ͽӲĵ˵ͷȻＫȵĺ£ǳڶ͵ԵǿԼ侲
Ŵҹɫϲɵ¶ЦݣʿΣһֶξʹʿҲаնԸĽ޵оһ

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ЩСΧ䣬ǳﻹǳ⼸֣ΨһȴǳڻʧķҪԶԶڳ⡣
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ôܣǰһȥû˿쳣˾˵
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еĺüͷһ壬ֻžһöͱһųɫΧڻʧ˿С
˾Уһ£ҪңԶݣԻ취˵
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Եû˵ͱ͸ˣа취öţоͼöԵµκιʹʿҲֵܵһʱᡣ
ԵĿɿڴĿеͲǵǸɵ㶵ɢˣжôϡȻû뵽ԼĴ羹ȻԥĽһöԼ
ʹһΣмǣ򲻵ѵʱǧҪöͶ
ţԵöպ֮˵ͷ


131 Ծ
ʳռǵ֮һд붼̻Ի͵Ļʹռȥ
ʹ֮Уƽһ֮֮µʵվһԣڻλ֮ϵһѪµꡣ
˵˾⼸춼ڴطǷлʧķѪüͷ塣
˵ͷݵ֪ȷʵˣӻ鵽ǰ˾ٸС
λϵѪеĺһߣ
˵ͷӦ
ߣС˾ң벻˾Ԫһ֧ѪͦصģΣʹ˾ԪҲ壡Ѫһ
ѪƳվһۣҲʲôֶΣ˾Ҹˣ
һʦ˾ҿߵĴڰӸͲǵĶ֡
ߣС󣬱鵤һ鷲ҲĶݣѪһ
ǣʦԵӶɽԱʦĶݡһ߿ͷһ˵
Ѫ겻мһȥ
ǣϾȥսս˵
ȥˣԷѾˣѪͻȻס档
ոߵʹ;ͲһʶѾεԼһʶޱȣʹĽ޵Ҳ֮
һεϲ˵Ĵˡ˵
Ȼȥһط͵˵
˾һͷҡĺͲ˹һ֪֮ʹ󻹸ԭڱһʧȥ̨Ļ»ʹ֮һ˶ܰˡ
һŽշϿԵֻҪߣұ
˾һϲȴĿŻʹأǺΣգ
Ƴ˾һۣѲһ߹ȥ
˾ټæǣշ֮ȫһ㵭Ľ֣һ·С뿪˻ʹ
ͿżžĻʹɵЦһĻʹȻ˰˹ĵز
̤ʹһɲǾͷмϢԼεˣ
ʮһߣڷжܼô߻ǲףһ
СӣǺɵӣӰһ
ЦһһȺаħԼĵ϶·棡
СһɫСӻʹĳһзɳֱָ͡
¼·ɽĹ켣֮Цһһɵ˲仯Ϊһâ˻ʹ֮У
ͣһʯͻȻ쭳һѪɵһĺɫҲʧȥ֧֣䵽˵ϡ
Ϳŷɵϵһ˿ѪüͷһȻûɱԷ͵ĹƣһܹᴩԷ࣬ʵֻǴ˶Է壬ûйᴩ
ڻλϵѪ국ĿŻʹڵսһغھֻ΢üͷ·鲢ֵһ㡣
ɷųȥѪ국˵
һ飬ŵĿŻλϵѪ꣡
Ѫüͷһ壺ȥ
ǣѪӴѹ֮漸ûκεķһöѪɫ˻ʹ
أһĻ͵ܡ
Щüͷûһ£ϵķɵǲϵĻâЩڰʿһһնɱ
䣡ʹ֮ͻȻһ죡
𣡡
𣡡
ʹ֮ڴҰ޵
üͷһ壬ϵĹȻֹɫӰϵڻʹϴûϢʱ䣬⼸ɫӰѾǰ
ȫһۼǣ˫һѪɫȭףĸɢϢļ£
ʹҲɵĵ˼ĿĸǵһμĶ
أĸﶯˣ
ֻҽŵŵأͬҵ͵ĳͣѪɫȭϸɢŨҵѪζ
ȭͷ͵ܵʱɫ䣬ܾȻѵļ
еķɵ˳ƶͲƷȻֱֻһۣƤûлƣ
أȭͷһ͵ϣ
𣡡Ǿĸ׹һɫĽâ͵Ļ˹ֱۣ
һμʹǹǿֲۼҲȫһâֻžһֱϵۼƬֱӲı
Ͳɵ˿Ȼֲǻڵսʤĵز
ݵĽͽЩصҲˣЩϲ߱ȴҲǿͨƷҲѻǵķ
Ϳֱۻڵϲϵ䶯·оʹһ㣬ڵϵֱۼ
ֱ۵˿ڴȻðһѪ˿ѵֱ˿ڴ䶯ţϵֱ۾Ȼϣ
ҲһĻסˣʵֲ̫ȻɵɵĵŹֱϣǾĸĸĿ֮²ϵĹʣµһλεĳһͷ­ͺԼ˼ҡ
ƺֻҪ¹ͷ­޷ϣƳʣµͷһۡ
ͣ
ͣ
ͣ
ͬһͷߣе񽣺ĸͷ­ٶ֮ȫʿķ롣
λϵѪ꿴ѸٵĻɱͷɷָûΣʵǲСʿϾʿ
ͷ̲סüͷֵǿѾԤϣԼΪ˾ҳͷǷֵáҪ֪ûһ˿ĺô
ǵԼȷʹ֮еʿʿָ֮оΪǿңΪ˼˺һʿƴ޴ΪͶԼΪλ˵çײ
䣡˼֮ʣͻȻһ
漴ǵгʥ޵Ĺâ
âϤޱȣʱĹâ
Եһ
鵽ֵزѾ˲ûʹ֮Ǻε˻Ϊһ˾
Ҵ뿪ѪЦһȥʱ˾ѾΪƽˣ
е㱾£ϾȻһŷһʿڻп֧ŵԵ˵
ʿԵ¶˿ɬЦݣ˭Ҳ벻ڷ֮оȻһʿ
ΣҵҪ֧Ŷãеʿһϵķͣ治ײ
ʿıǿʹҲĹҡҡ׹ۿֲ֧˶ˡ
䣡ʿǰͻȻһ˶ޱȵİӣ
أ⧲֮ʿһɨɣ
ǿסԼʿĿŵԵǰľԳոһԳģʹܵס˴ҲѪڡ
ʿվСӼϵ̲סüͷ
ϾԳʿƺϳСӵĿ͡
ʲôǣȻʿ̲סʵ
ʿһ
һűֱ͡
һϴһķһųɫηӭȥ
䣡űݺݵײһ
նȾ˺ɫײ֮䣬Щһ䵽ϾγһƬ𺣣˾֣
ôܣ㲻ʿôӵб𣡡ʿҲβסĵľĺ


132 ƽԮ
Ҳѹʿ˾ȣʿӵеͨ˵ʿı־ȴһʿϳ֣ԼıȻԷѹţ
һϵķͣɫȻһѹ˶Էռƣ
еԵĿɿڴȻԼĴһʿò£ռϷ磡
С㵽ѧⱾģʿҧʵ
һûлشʿ⣬ʵԼԼⱾǴӺζȻԼıӡڣԱ֮ãҲ˵Ȿ𲢲޾ġ
ѾȥˣⱾǵûм٣ԽԽǿƣ·ܲһ㡣
䣡ɫıΪһֻĻˣһڽʿɫ£һڻֱʿ
ʿ󺧣Ҳ˲ʿ棬һ˳˻Ϊһ⳯Żʹȥ
䣡汻ӳĶ˲ͱɫ𻯳һˮ
Ϳܵʿ˲ͷĺˮȻⱾǶʵֲ̫ʹڵԶʤһʿҲ޷̫ãϾʿյͨôõġ
Żɻ𺣵˾Ҳ̲סüͷû뵽ԷȻʿڣ
ֻܼ֮ɫĵ¯һĴ룬ϵĻ澹Ȼȫɫĵ¯գյô౾ĺ¯ȴһ仯ûУ
磡ԵһҲŵĲᣬͼʱϵĻǲ롣
ĺ²ѵԵļ򣺡İɣȥˡ
żΪƽص˾Ͳɵҡҡͷ߶꣬˾ָܻ
ʶɨ˼飬֮з˾һң֮еֻ˾ĵϵЩӹ˺ͼҽ֮ȫճ˻ҽ
˾ٻûдӸոյľлָ岻ͣĶţ
ԵϵѾǵΧ˵
ܣҪʱ䣡Ե˵ͷ
Ҫã
ң
졭ͳһ
ҴǸʿӦûöԷĴɵǸʿҲһѱϾԳ˵ȥԷӦòô׵ǻʱ䡣˵
ʦʦʦһҪһҰع˾ٹڵϳ͵Ŀſ޺
͵˵ͷģڣһһȫ
ͻô˵Ĵ󷢣ԵĹϵǱɵб˾һҵİȫ˾ҳĻԵڽҲȥ˭Ҳұ֤Ǹ˾Ԫ᲻Ϊ¼ǺԵһʿǺܻʲô³ͱκ˶ԼʹΪԵҲ˾һҳ¡
ѾܴˣǸϽҳǣ⣬Եϵһɣɳǰæ˵
Ե˵ͷӴͳһöҪ˵Ļӳ֮һö㻯Ϊһâʧʣ
ҲԷǱԵŵĲᣬȻûֹ͵˳ǣЩµİպ͹Աڹ˾ĴսΪ֡
ⲻѵ˾ⳡл˻ҽһ

ʹ֮кͽֵʿѪԱߣԼͽֵϸһβ©˵Ѫ
Ѫüͷ壺𣬶һǴ˵еĺҵ𣬶Էʲô·
ҵôܣֻ治ʧ𣿡ʿ󾪡
ʧֻû˷ְˣҲ˵Ǿس磡Ѫһ
ܹ˵շһڵʿһССʿôӵд˵𣡡ʿʵ
ң˭ȥѪһ
ǵļƻ裬ϾԷܹƥʿʿǵʵ
ߣңǵļƻüӿ죬ȻʵѾɹôͽȫǵ˶ΪϣʱضܳΪߣѪ꿴һԵ˵
ô죿һ
ôѵ㲻ΪߣѪһ
룬ζ룡һϣ˵
ɴ߲СڣֻҪܴĿĺαں̣ⷲ׵ңڣѪ˵
˫۽룬ƺΪ֮ݺµĹ⾰
Ѫ꿴˵ͷⶫŵǵˮԴУʱЩڱܽɷ飬ɷΪһߣ
濴Ѫеƿ˵ͷʦģһ񣡡
Ѫ꿴ȥıӰЦһϲΣûͼΪߣЦˣ
ʿЦЦΪпɳ֮ɷЧҪǿĶ࣬һǧöɷɷֲĹһ뵽ðöɷʱ˷ܣ
ѪЦŵ˵ͷɷҲǽᵤϣеĻǱƣʱɷڱܶɧʲôħŹɷţҪǵɫ£
ʦָʿЦ
ͶʿļƻȻ֪ʹ֪ҲȥܣȻи߸ţֲССʿͷֻŽŵʿϿ쵽Ȼ⿿һ˵סһʿͺǿˣʣµǸʿڶʱڽ¾ɾ
ʦ˾һסլ֪Ӧúܰȫ˾սս˵
ҡҡͷ˾ٻǲߵֶΣεסأʶɨ֮¾ͬһû˿ô
ȫȥûҵ׼˵
ǣ˾Υ˵һСȫ͵Уһﳤȥʱǿ޶ûطȥ
磬׼ʲôԵʵ
󣡡˵漴ʮʶĲٿ֮·ֲլԺʹһӣٿʯû˴֮У
䣡Եֻǰɫһ䣬Ȼ޷լԺڡ
Сһ㣬ˣʹʿҲңѵ
Ե˵ͷתתȥͻȻǰһʧլԺһγǰ
ԵǵһμɵĴ󶨣ʿĿ־Ҳ˲١
󷨵ػǵİȫ˱ϡҿţȽȥϢ˵
ţ͵ĻԵǺԥӣ⼸Ѿϰߡ
Եһ뿪ɫһ䣬һѪ˳ںʿƴʱ˲ˣȴѹ
һʯ֮͵ɫźÿһ㣬ⱾȻǿǸҲڵΪҪʹ̫ǿһ㣬뵽


133 Ԯ
ʱۼǽŵԮȴٳδѾһЩ˲˹Ĺڻʹɷһޡ
Щﲻϵĺǧý⽣Щʵǿ󣬵ȴľˣɽҰǣ˵Ҳ֮ڣÿһȭǧý⽣˵һ޴ս
ŲϻζһɲǼĽɫСɽҰĹ
ͣǧý⽣εȵǿЩＸûκεķ֮ȫնͷ­
ǹ֮ɫСͷ­Ĺĵ˵ϣһźɫĻðյĸɸɾɢ֮һöԲĺ顣
ͻȻһĪЩߣɽʬڴ˿̶ʧĸɸɾ·ЩԭͲһ㡣
Ҳû뵽ԷȻĺݣȻϣ˾ȻƳ˵ҩ˵оֱ˷ָ
𣡡
𣡡
д˷ŭҲеľоȻ߳ĹǾˣ֮֮ǰֱֵһᣡԷȻɥĲĽǵ˶ƳĿܡ
֮Ĺʹǧý⽣ػҲұ֤ܰȻϾԷʵ̫ˣൽѹǵĵز
ڣѪͬһƷһ棬ʱϺƣﻹһӡ
潫һööɷ븹Уÿһöɷϵɷһ֣ѪϵϲɫͶһ֡
УУѪ꿴ϲϾۼɷЦ
ϲʦ֣վһԵʿЦ
ɷҪɷɷѪޱȵĿȡ
ʦַģѾʹЩȥǻʿˡʿ˵
Ѫ˵ͷǵҿԲѴ֮ռɷһãһã
ǿɷʦ֣ѵͬԵ˵Ѿħʿռݣų¬üͷ
ɷ֮أҲ֪Щħʿʲô캦飬ҲѹԵᴫԮ֮̾˿
ǽӵԵ֮󽣶Ԯ¬磬ųϣΪ֮ųϣڵΪ
ڵõԵĴ֮󣬵֪ħʿʿڣŶҵ֮ħʿڷ׽ѾǳԾȻЩħʿΪһ뵽ħʿЩֲֶΣŵɳʿǰ
¬͵ֻ֮ǵһʿˣħսĹϵʧأʿ˺üܳʿѾѵˡ
ŻԮڵ֪ħʿŰ£ߴҲӲȻܿħʿǿʵҲɳ˼ʿǰ
Ȼڰ֮ܵǿ׵ɷѾλʿ𺧵Ļôӿۼ׹ʱǲ඼Ϣˣʹߺѿĳ氡
ҾǵĶ̫Сһ㣡¬翴ŵۼ׹üͷ
֮˵ͷһħʿַҵʿл·
Щۼ׹ȻȲڻʹɷǱ֮ȴǿʹ߱ۼ׹Ҳֲ˺ô϶ҧҲ֪˶ۼ׹Ӱħ֮ƽ⣡
ô죿ɱǲɱ¬ʵ
ɱΪβɱ֮һ
һ̵СͻȻɰɣµۼ׹һ֮ȫһ̲࣡
̻˽¬簵̾һ֪ԼλʦѾŭҲҵ
ϳһͭС澵յۼ׹ﶼԤ׵ıը
Щʿɵۼ׹һĶðһźɫĻ棬漴ɷȻһĪߣ
ֽ֮һöɷɷ̺Ĵɵüͷһ壺ħʿڸʲô
λʿĵȻ˻ʹѪע⣺¬磬֮ŵãλʿ
ʦ֣ǷҪ˸ɵԱߵʿʵ
ˣֻҪǣҲȥɱǣΪһֻʿҲµĲĻߴɿ϶ҲʱͲһʿôˣпһֵħսѪ¶˹Цݣƺһж֮С
Ѫô˵ʿɫһߴɣʦ֣Ƕ֮ߴ࿹⣿
ʿȻΪԼ˾ͿԵֵߴɵʮλʿȻۼ׹ЩҲвڵʿˣҪЩԸʿֱǳ롣
ģѾħԮˣǵҲӦÿ쵽ˡѪ국˵
ħţʦ֣ͿħԮ뻢ıƤƳɷȫħ֣֮ʱǵŬ͸֮˰ʿʹļ׵˵
ѪʿЦЦħŵٻʱܵʱЩʿ¾ɾħŵʱֻῴһȺʿҫֻ轫ЩĽ᲻ɷʱħŵ˱ضΪɷֻһżȻĲõƹ﷽֮Ҳõĵҩ
ʿڻλϵʦֲɵĵ˵ͷʦӢ
ҲѪԤϵλʿڶԵִɱ䣬̶һʱۼ׹Ƕ֮֡
ǧý⽣֮УеĴսʿۼ׹ﾡסżм©֮Ҳɱ͵ѹ˲١
ԵʿɷʶͽгԵָеʿʵ
ʶʶǽŵĳϣ¬Ϻ͵˳ϣԵʱϲ⡣
͵˵ͷпһɫͨһ߳ǧý⽣󣺡λǰ̫֮࣬Ӳƴ
¬һ㶣ɱ˿һʱˣȻûвˣ
Ǻˣ֮һֻնɱ֮ʵ
ԪһͣλǰʱԵޱȵǫ
֮ͣ¬̲סԿһۣƺӶԷп˾ȡ
ǰͽܣ̲֮סʵ
ͨ͵ҲһܣЩʿʹˡ
͵˵ͷǡ
¬翴ͲɵüͷΪλ
ǡ·ɵĵԵҲһ𡣡˵
漴ͳ֮дһһڵͨһγ֡
Եλϡ󷨵Եĳһ
šԵĳ֣˵ľ˲˲١
λǰƴ󣬲֮ӲƴһλʿǱڰħʿǰ֮ʱ͵Ϯͻû˵ꡣ
¬͵֮ȴ̲סһ亹ոȻɱˬڵҲһС룬Ҫͬ˵ħʿû͵ϮĻǺǲ롣


134 Ѫ
֮У¬͵֮λʿļ룬ǧý⽣סɽҰۼ׹
ҪŶڰħʿ¬͵֮λʿҲʹȫȻֿͱɱĸɸɾˡ
һǧý⽣󲻶ĥŹһǼشԮѾһ֮£ҲǷΪһƴԼ
˶ӵ󷨶еľҲͼʳ󷨵ֻЦǿǵ͵ʦӣӵҲӦ顣
ڵ峿һγ˼ݹ⣬ȴ¬εʿħŵˣ
ȻѪͯһοǴֱʣ˵˵׾ףɷŵѪĿɽҰΧ󷨵Ĺﵭ˵
ǷȺѪͯӼһ棬֮õУԱһλ̵ʿʵ
ٳϲļȻ˼ҲֶܿȥȻҪһݱУѪĽĿת֮У
֮е͵̧ͷƺ뿴Ķһ㣡
Ѫģ͵ɫޱȵѿ
¬͵֮Ҳ͵һȻǽʮʿѪֻ̤ڰˣħս֮Ѫĸһ֮սλʿ·սԼˡ
ͣ벻ﶼ㣬˵ǲҪɱأѪĿ󷨵˵
Ѫģصˣ˴һγǰһֵͷߵĳ嶯
ãͲûб־Żͷԣ׼ʹҲӲѪģ֮󷨺ѪĶһټλʿЭδûлᡣ
ħŵô¬ŭ
˴ħһˣѪ֮⾹ȻһɫڵΪһ֮Ҳе֮һΪԼǿһڵʿСҲһʿҲֻĸʿԵʮһΪ򱻼ԶˣвεսУڵΪͲ岻֡
Сѣ󷨿ɷסЩˣ֮ʵ
ʦӵĹϵҲҰ͵ֻƽ۽
ҡҡͷҪһʿĻһһգǶԷʿѾ󷨵ļˣ
ô˵֮ɫһϾǼˣûɥ
ѵҪȥ㣿Ѫһ
ҪҶˣ֮к޶ѪһɺɫʴУʴǵǹͷ˲͵ǧý⽣ϣ
ˣ󷨿ʼҵĻζһٿʯӴзɳ֮У
ףеŵԼһûƿѪ¶˷ܵЦݡ
ƷʴǣħŵƷ֮һ˵˵Ѫƶɣ֮ѪеʴǸ̾
ˣʴһײ֮ϣ
žһϾȻһ˿ơ
ʮȻҲܵ˷ɣͶû뵽ѪĵȻ֮ǿǧý⽣󽵣޷Ѫĵ´ι
Ūñˣʱȥ󷨣
λǰŲסˣ
֮ɫһ䣬̻˽նһɫĽâֱѪģ
Ѫüͷһ壬ʴһһɫĽâͱɢ
Ϸһħ֮еſ֮һ
ѪЦһ϶Ҫϣһ·ϲԽϾԽǿ
ڳԣ֮ŭ
̻˽ϾȻһ㵭ɫĻ棬֮Ȼı
Ŷ𣿱뿴ˣжǿ󣿡ѪЦһȻֹ֮һԿ۱
Ȼ֮ʱѾŭ˼㣬СǵһΣǴʱѾؼʱ̣ݷġ
𣡡֮۾һ̻˽ϵɫĻ治ϵڣ
Ϸһ̻˽ϵĵɫûһֻ߷ɵķˡ
ǵʦֵ̻˽¬۾һ
Ϳе̷üͷ̷Ȼƺƴ󣬵ȴ˵콻Լķǿ
ͻ뷨̷֣Ȼɵ֮ıɣôܱȵ͵Ŷ䣬еĻ涼Ȼܹͨġ
ҲֶΣѪЦһ
ѪȫһѪ֣ȻӲ̷ֻˣ
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ѪĿ̷ֻĲм
ˣ̷ڽӴѪһɲǾͶã⿴ǿޱȵһȻͱѪ׵Ľ
֮ҲֻĿ̷˱Ѫһһɡ
ѪƳһָۣһ㣬һĴֵָĺһţת۾͵ǰ
һͣȻ֮죬ǿǰصһһܾͳϣķɻҲչⲻ֪ϸĹͿɲ˿⡣
ۡۡ촫ͼͬʱʶȻһ࣬Ҽһȣһʹ
ɫѿŤͷȥֻҼѪֱһֵָѪ
Щɵϴȥ
һͬСϸ커׶ϣͬǲ۵ĺⶴϵܣû˿ãһ类ǺڵӰˡ
͵ֱ³
ſ˷ɻٶԶһʿһͱˡɽһ˭С
Ͳ֪̾ԷݶʱѪҲһľ㵣⿴ͨһʵѾá
⿴ͨһѪħûмصһŴħ
Ѫ꣬һħ֣ƽʱڵ;Ѫѹʮںó䲻ɱõģȫһԵĹʹѪҲֻöѪꡣ
һöѪ궼ûɱͣѾѪĵϡ
֮ɫһ䣬ǰ͵ϮһʿϺݺݵһƣʿţ
ʱѪĵɫޱȵȻѪɱôƷ
䣡ͻȻǰһڣƬնһ޴ס
ͣҾҪ߸ϵѪķЦ޴岻ǱǵСǧУѪ
һƷѪϾȻƷݿҲֻһˣ
Ѫ;˳ӲƷȻǣû뵽ѪľȻһƷ˳
ͿԵһۣҧҧ
ޣ


135 
˾Ŀ£ȫɫۼ׸ǵ޾Ȼ˫ĳסµѪⳡޱȵϤȻǰСǧеһģһ
𣡡޺з˷ŭйеķŭǰǱӲ˼ۺ죡
ѪĵиǾСǧֻ֮ۼ׹ѪȴһγǰұǰҪǿϼ֣
ʱ䣬Ľ޵ǧеĴԩ֮ΪһڣǴڵ䵽ڣ½ʱû١
ʱ䣬Խ޵ޱǿڵ޺Сǧʱȣֻǿ
ѪһΣڶΣѪһ޵סѪִ˼֡
޵ȷǿ˲٣ѪҲǰǼӵʿѪʵʿƷҲֻʿвܷ
أѪȻ¡
¬Ҳ¶˾֮ɫѪѾԶԶǹǣƷǰǵֶζԵ˵ĿЦ
Сӣеľâһ
أһӨ͸Ĺǰ͵ͬһСɽһѪϣȻѪĹһ١
أǺݺݵһСɽһѪֱӱˣ
¬͵ֱ֮Լ۾ѪǵĸоͬɽһأǹƼѹƵ޷ǾһǶ޿κεķȻɨɣ
ѪҲǾޱȣѪѹˣǽȴӲĴɣȻδƷȫҲԿɽʯ
𣡡ֱʱ˲ע⵽ӵ˾ȻһֻӵɫëľԳ
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ϾԳ㾹Ȼ˱ϾԳѪгɱŨŨļʡ
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֪۽һսʤǰܣƵ˼֮ϣǱϾԳԽƵʿĶϡ
̲סԵһۣޱȵļᶨúѪѪƴԵĴȴƵòôͲڣΪһ֮ͱΪԼĵڷ絲꣡
ѪĵĿ⼯СӵĴϣԭǴǱߵģѹǰô࣡
͵һѪһеȷһֻϾԳѾ¬͵̰֮ڼһƷĻգ
ٷ֮ʮͻնգ˰ٷ֮ٵ͸Ҽ̤˼һзɣ˰ٷ֮ٵ͸ðϽ̼ܵΣգⷲ׵ĻҲһãϾԳټһƷԶԶ˰ٷ֮٣ʿһеᡣ
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ƷĻǻСӹԹԵĽеƷԼȻ¬Цһ
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ƷͶ޵ջ󣬾ӶԳɿֻһڷ׵Ѫһͨӣ
Ѫ˫ֱһϷϷʵĿͣƺָ߸ĸо
͵һֶξҪɱʿǺѣǹؼֵֵá
ﭣ¬͵ֻ֮ǰһɫĽâ˲͵ǰ
֮һʿİͶʵǿ˼㡣
â¬͵֮˿壬֮ϵ̻˽ʾնâ˲ͽ͵Ĺˡ
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¬͵֮ɫһ䣬˵ֳİ˸ʿ֮ϣˣһͻӳȥĻ鹫֮ڣô֮أ
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ѪڵħʿȻҲĿ;ʹ뿪ǵĶ¬绹Ҫһ㣬ͶһɲǾͽͰΧ
ҺܲСӵ˭ϧԼܵĻᶼҪѪĿűеԵЦһ
˸ԼذΧʿͲɵЦһ˭뵽һ֮ǰԼͬһϵʿھȻħҪԼһС
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ѩ۾һ
ѪĿиһâ
¬͵֮üͷһ壬ҪͷԪһڵ˾Ȼ֣ȫǵļƻۿҪֵƷͶ޾ˮƯˡ
λҲ֮ˣΪҪħʿ׷ɱһԪһڳϣһϮµĽĿ¬͵֮
ħЮҽŵӣҶ׷ɱΪȻɵӰˣħŵΪҪ׷ɱǾͲö֪ˣ֮һȻ˵
ʿʿƤȷ˲֪˶ٱƲȻһҡ
ӻеЮԵ
ЦһǧҪǺ˵ǷǴеķħһͼıƺ˵ʿֱ࣡
ſڴƻƣ
һһԪһڳԩǣ˵ǹħǹħ
¬͵֮ɫһ䣺㵽ʲô˼
Ϊ࣡ѣΪ㵲סħˣɷλࣿﲻݡ
νǿֱӰλʿԼһһʿɱλʿÿݣ


136 
ʹҲ˿Ľסˣӡнһ߰˵һԴˣȲ˵Լܲɱ¬͵֮ʿҪֵħŵ˾ͼһܵ飬οѪﻹƷ
㽣ӵһƷѩҲԳΪֿʿɡ
ôңüͷһ塣
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ҽʱ˵㻰ˣһ
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ԵúöƣȥԪһҩ԰ҡͽһöɫƽԵϡ
硭⡭Եԥţ¾ɵҲ֪ʹڼȲľ棬ʱ뿪δе㡭
Ÿ磬ɫ绹ûзУ˿ûй˼ɵһ¬͵֮һ
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ܵõλǰϿɣȻ򵥣
ģһȥģ˵
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ԵɵĿڳһۣΪ͵ĶڵΪʮһΪϺȵĴڡ
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СϷ֪ʿʿ֮ĲжôĴ󣡡֮ϵ̻˽ɷ˵ն£
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⼸֮о׵ϴ֮˿ʿҲ͸ڶԿʿԭ
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ϧˣԼǧѷĺûᣬҲǰղѡ
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һҸȳ֣̲СѪЦһ
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ʦ֣ϣȺ͸ˣʹλʿЦ
ߣɴɣǴ꣬ҲˣʱɷˣѪͯӿڵϣʱʱðһƺЦ
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ƿܵϵȲϣȡɷ֮ҲΪãѪͯЦ


137 Ʒ
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֮üͷһ壬е̻˽նâڹ⵲£ܵâĹڹⶼΪ֮һ٣漴ͱϬĽâնء
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ڵ֮񱩵Ĺ֧穣ÿ̻֮˽ʱնյıܿһ
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޵У¶˲мЦݣе񽣴ѩסѪĵʴǣһģ˲׺糯ʿȥ

ħŵʿҲ׷׼еķǰİ׺磡
ѩµİ׺Ѫľ˳
׻λεĽû˿װΣⲻǽеĴѩʲô
ѪĲŵĿ˿ԼʴǽһĴѩеĴѩԼʴסôλεĳʲô
˭˵ѩֻһѵģЦһеĴѩ͵ĽѪĵʴе׺һζȻʿס
ܣԪһô˶ƷѪķĺ
ɱгӣѩһâѪĵ壡
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ΣѪϿһǧ˰ٸϵ󣬳ǽᵤʿ޷ѣѪһ
Ȼ󲢲ܵģС츳ޱԼѪӲֻǸѪĿɲΪֹ
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Ѫüͷһ壬ʮâǺͽеĴѩһεķĻôϵƷһֲĳ̶ȣݵɶûôƷ
ʦⴵѩң쵹Ҫһֽţ΢΢̾˿ֻʮ׺ȫΧڽߣ
һʮ׺羹ȻͽеĴѩһ壡
ˣѪĹͻȻΪ֮һ٣
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˶֪һƷǷˣʹ޲ҲӲ
һͽƷУ⵽Ǻεȵݻ˭ܺͽ࿹⣡
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ƷѪļѵĴӺбųĸ֡
ĸʿƷֻǴ˵еĴڣҲֻǰ⵱˴˵Ʒݶ亱˵ֻǴڴ˵֮еļƷˡ
һ㽫Ʒ˼Ʒ֮⻹˭
ǿĸҲ˻˵Ԫһڣ˻˵ħţһ䣬һħ뢡ĸɴʷãǻԪһڱǵ֮ĵһ׷ʷ׷ݵϹʱڣ
һԪһڣȻص֮Ѫһ
Ȳħ̣Ц
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ǿеĴѩ֪֮Ѿ׵·磬е񽣴ѩƷն飬˵еƷˣ
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֣Цһ
˶ܻ뿪Цޱȵ
֮ɫһ䣺ĪҪϾɱ
ΣһжҵģһеǾĸҲ񽣣


138 ֮
ͻȻһ˲仯Ϊһڹͣûеİٻ֮У
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ͽԴԴϵעٻᦣҲңϰƮ˳ȻһѪɫͷХ˹ȥ
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¬ɫһ䣬æֹˮתһ͵ĴСӵĶͷ
¬¶һ˿ЦݣϹΣҵĽԴɣ
𣡡СӵĶͷȻɫëմ¶Ƥʹ֮µСӸǱŭԼëмӣɶྐྵȻԼͷ
𣡡ŭ֮µСٴͣʮɣһСɽһ㣬еҲ漴ǵʮɣǿž;ˣ
䣡һ¡
ʢŭ֮µһʹ¬ҲӲӣһ㵽˿Уû뵽ӴСӶȴĺܣһŤʮɵȻ˲䵽ǰ
ˣ¬缱æתֹˮסһ
䣡¬ͬʯһ㱻Ӳҽɽ֮УһˮĻŵĻһǡ
ðԵϾԳϹޣ͵νһͷϹ޵ģʹ֮еѪͯ̾
СһɨһʿѪͯĶ
𣡡СƺŹë࣬е¬µĵطһôӲĽ涼ȥ˼ɣ
ÿһػõΪ֮¬绹ڵϵĻ϶Сզˣ
ļƷλʿһѣСӵıʿľ
ѹӲѪʵǹڿֲѪ뵽
ڽмƷħŵ˶˭Ҳȶ֣澹Ȼһʱ佩Ȼһ֮סʿ
ھֻʣͺСӵսˣһսֻԣСһȴԲˣŭ֮µСӿֲޱȣڳʿҲֻռƷĽаܹʤ༸ˣʹѪҲûա
˶עСӵʱȴ˶벻ĸı䣡
ڵһ˴ʹñʹӷӡڵһּٶţʹܹԴԴϵĲ𣬵Ҳٶȡ
ܿ죡ɫıĴ֮ʱһźɫĻնֻһ˲飬֮ɫڴɫĻ֮˲ܣɫɣ̻˽ڻһ̲ˮҪǵ֮ӦĻº̻˽һ³
֮ĸԼķ٣ɫ׷
Լıһ֮ﻹɫĻźɫĻͬһ׷ŵ֮
һڵʿȻһԲʿ׷Ŵֱս˵Ľ
ʹͶԼǺʱֺɫĻģɫĻȴǿľˣֻһɫĻͽ֮ıɵĸɸɾ
𣡡ԺͻȻ֡
澹Ȼ˵ƣ
ѣҴˣһ֮׷ʵû취ֻܳġ
һ˭һЦһһķ룬ٶһһ͵Ŀת˲˵֮ıһڽ֮˽ȥ
ž֮һԼڵıȫԼΧγһɫĹ֡
һɫĹȴת˲𣬺ɫĻ˲佫ɣ궼ӳͱյĸɸɾ
֮ӳĻҿԶ궼ĻǾĻᶼûˣ˵֮ʧ֮䡣


139 
ĳֵ֮Ϊҽת֮ˣ˭Ҳû뵽ԭƾеһսת֮졣
ȻͻȻðе⣬ǽ˵֮һ
ʣµǸ¬磬ܲһȫʬһء
ת֮¬͵֮ʿ촦ֽһԲʿ
ͽսɵĵ˵ͷȻûʧ
ôֵˣһתšΧԼЦһ
ͣâֵĴѩһƴĽâ˲¡
ħŵʿȻԴУеĴѩѾʶˣƷѪһ飬ȻӲƴѪ˲ֿ
Ѫ˷ɢܽ¶һ˿мЦݣϵĴѩһ
䣡ֻǺƴĽâ˲ֳСֱѪˡ
ʲôͱһָסˡ
أһɫСһλʿϵĻһһɫСûܵκε赲λʿ塣
ħŵʿҲǲ֪¾ȻԼƶ˰磬ԭҪСֱӴļһڲ䶯ֱۡ
׳ʿ˵򵥣Σȴ侲ȡᣬħŵʿҲΪ
ʿǰ֮˸ǲӲˣƴĴ߶ڵݹⲻɵּӿ˼֣
ǿ죬Ľ죬ͬһʱ䣬ϸСĽâʿĻ廤⣡
ˣ
ѪһѪ˲佫ΧĽâֻһѪ֮Ϸһ㵭ͱһѪɡ
ǿķѪĵĻѪ⵽ǺȻĽâܽ£о̾
ȻǺƴĽâֳСǿ֮ǰħŵʿ³֪СҲǷǱѰʹʿ׼ҲҪԴѪĵĻѪǰСƺʧȥԭ
أ
أ
âײ˵Ļϲ˾޴ıը
ĸʿͬʱƺһȻûһλʿնȥһֱۣСϾ޴Ҳ˲ˡ
ħŵһеĴѩ˲ֽʮƷ˴֮С
䣡
䣡
ԶͻȻ˷ıը
ЩҲˣ˵
˴νԮԮȻֹǽһˣֻٶҪЩ˿һ㣬ŸһϷ⻹ģһͲܲµˡ
֪ħ˾ֲôһ˱նֱۣˣһѪ֮֮ˣߴɵǿһĿȻȻҲϵһ㣬ŷħ뿪
ɱ˽ŵϣҲһ鷳΢΢̾˿
ųϣħ֮𣿡Թ԰Ц
һ㶣Ѫġ
ħʿĻţм˵
ͿЦŵ˵ͷڳĳ˽ħŵ֮⻹ûпɱ֮ʹҲֻڻʹ֮еѪͯӣѪͯҲħˣڹʱֻѪˡ
ΪʲôҪңͲΪԼһξͳŽϾͽ࣬ΨһһҲֻСǧ֮УһҲûвʲô
ƷһֻϹޱϾԳͲŽ᲻ġ
ƳһۣͱϾԳȻˣǲϲ֮ĳûȤ
Լ˼ͲɵεЦЦС֮ĶȾ֮ˡ
޷ߵ˼û֮ĵĻҲôá˵
ǴѩǡĻͲû˵ֻҪǼʶѩ˶˼
ţ˵ͷ
㲢õһҪЮ㣬ΪҲаѱϣ΢΢һЦ
˵Цˣ¶˿ɬЦݡ
ĸȥвĻ·ˣȻȻ֪ΪҪԼ֪Լûж⣬ȷһҲͷ˲١
СӣͶŶͷСӺɲøʿСӣȻⲻһ鷳
أСָԼͺͺĶͷţȻ˼ί
ˣǼëûͳˣû˵
䣡ô˵СӸɴϵڵϴʾ顣
һֻʮɵľԳһСһڵôⳡҪ໬ж໬ʹǽҲ̲ס¶ЦݣϾԳճ㡣
Цŵ˵ͷٲԺС׳Զûķݣ
أ˲ʮɵıϾԳһֻСӣС˲֪ٱĵ͵ļͷĵЦš
СദôãȻֻӵƢԣȻһֵֻܹıϾԳ˵Ҳֻ൱һĺӣëһóԵвСԵޱȵ˳
óĶҲͨҩһЩϵҩҩСһ۵ȤûУڸǧҩȵơ
ݳ֮⣬ֻӡ
ˣûлʱ䡣ߵļݹ⵭˵
ͿżϽӽĶݹⷢлвٵˣ콣ɵһԪһڵ죬Ⱥի̣ɽׯɽʣµ˲ʶҲеһ
ͷһθѡҲǳһ£ȻѡһЩո̤ڵĵӣ
㣡ͬһʱ̺ɽȵĿŽߵ͡
εĵ˵ͷʿ֮仹һ㲻ľҲѹ˿Լʱ˵ľȡ
λһԪһϯʦһԪһڵĳϣʦĸͽͣ˵
ϯʦһλİüͷһȻͷܲм
ٲϯӣ飬һ;Ϻ츳˵ܹƶƷҩżҲƷҩ͵
һڵĵϯʦǻԪһǺˣЦһ
ѣҪô󰡣Ͼħģαڧأ
ŶҽˣϯӡŻɫ۵국Ц
ߣһ
ĪĻҲǲ⣬ϾͰٲûʲô涼ûм޷Լĵ⡣
͵ĪǻӵĵȫԼ
ٲΪɣݰϵĵҩݵһʦȴǳ԰ٲţǻԪһڵӣڰٲŵϺݺݵһƣΪɾȻˣһ裡
ǿӵĵӾȻֻһڵʿ


140 Ļ
ôһԭ棬кɫĻ͹ˡ
ŵأ˵ڵĳ𣿡üͷһ壬ΪȴһˣҲδ̫һ㡣
ˡ˵
ˣͷһ𣬲ŵĿŽ
ʿɲǰèολʿô׵ľˣ
ħŵϡҲӦˡ˵
ħţ˵ͷ
ڸ֮ǰȷħһˣǽ֣ʱǾһ˾ȻսҳӵѪ֮⾹Ȼ˴ˣԭѾսһ
ŵ˾սˣɽüͷһ塣
ҰⲢһçç޷ΪʿģʿԶʿʵʹҲûġ
ƳһۣȻɽ֮༸˶Ҳмֲɡ
Ѫ˳ŽĿ⿴˵ڵϣ޹Ѫ
ܣѪƷԼӲôܱ飬ʹڵʿҲӵһһ˳
ҲˣŵλʿսħѪʬ޴棬ǰķҲƷ١˵
εĵ˵ͷڽĻǲȫţҲΪŵ˺ͽĹϵֽνѣƶֻҪԼϣҲȥܡ
ˣˣӦˣѾһƬ棬ǷԲ֮ڵ˶ۼ׹а֮ޣҲǽԮԭ򣬶ǻʹ֮лλ֪ǳʿ򡣡˵
򣡡˲ɵĵһȻڸʱѾ˽⣬ǻ̲סľۼ׹ҲζķʹҲúֱðħ֮˵ĺԶԶǵ֪
ǻʲôɱʹһ
ɱʹħʿˣˣ񰡣ɽĴɤֺ
ϽĻȷ߸ʿɽ⻰Ҳֱӽųս֮ˣϾûмʶ͵ı֮ǰĸʿὫһССʿںԼͬȵλϣʹʿԲʿ
ɱʹλǺôˣѪͯһһ߳˻ʹ
Ѫͯӣһ㶣ԭΪĸħɣû뵽ǺͬһѪͯӣ
ѪͯӵһȫֵĹĽŲ
˵ͫһ˵ĿⶼеѪͯӱĹϣǿľ
ɽ飬죬һ̡ܺãܺã֮ܳĵӻ϶ˡѪͯӵЦ
üͷһ壬ѪͯڼʶԼͽʵ֮󻹸ҳȻ̡͵ĿⲻɵĿѪͯӱĹ
͵ĸоǿԶԶҪȵ֮ǿ
Ѫͯӣһжù
֪ܿһ٣һıƣĴ٣Ѫͯ¶˷ܵ顣
٣ǲɱķ𣿡һ
ˣһȺϰˣЩ˳Ϊߵǵң˰ˣֵһᣡѪͯϳ˲м·˵˵ͬһ㡣
ֻҪǿϳңұǵΪһ㣬ʹǴ˵еĽᵤ֮Ҳǲܵ飡Ѫͯӿ˵
ɵ˰ɣ㣬ĸУᵤ磬Ϊ˭ȻҴԲѣɽһ
ɽ䳰ȷѪֻͯǵһЦʹ֮лк֪֮ܶ˵𣿽
ļʶһܷĿܵʵѾΪɣȻǴ˵еĽᵤ磬ҲԶˣҪǺܼ򵥵顣ѪͯЦ
ɷϣ˲˹Ķǿ󣬵ǻûǿ󵽲ɵֿĵزһâһţ漴һɫĽâѪͯӡ
ߣ֪ôѪͯһĹ͵һץס˽Ľâָ͵Ľâ˲ͱķ顣
ǿ壬ʹҲҪԲλ࣡뵽
ԼĽâ飬ûиеκεľȣе㱾£㲻Ϊ⿿һ߿ܾԿǰɣ
ȻǣΪ˻ӭǵĵѾȫ׼ħһ׳Ҳ˲ٵʱ䣬ҲҵļƻھǴʱǽΪ֤һαĵһʿѪͯޱȵĿȡ
ʱ¶˲мЦݡ
ĴɷɱǣѪͯеɱ֣ʹгĵɫӰɷ˵ľ͹˽һ
ɢһһ޴ĽâĵӰ
أԽĽâĵӰȻ壬Ѫɫȭͷ͵Ļ˽Ľâĵ֮¼ʹǽĽâҲ飡
棬ͽú棡Ѫͯ¶ζЦݡ
һ̸ѪͯĺɫҲڽȻʵ棬ԭֻһ鷲˵ھȻΪһʿ֮ϵĹҲѪͯӿеĴﲢǿѨ硣
ɷ͵üͷһ壬ڽʹʱͺɷ֣ʱɷǿҲֻڵΪͻȻֵɷȥܹ齣ĽâȻڵΪܹ쵽顣
أһ˲նһâһɷ
ɷڵۼ˲䱻ըѣ
ܣһһһâƶ൱ȫһΪԽɫĹг룬ȴֻըϵļۼף
𣡡֮µĺɫԵޱȵķŭȻֱһ
һ󾪣ոպɫȭͷϵǿɲұ֤Լܵһȭ
ޣͿһͷɫĹﾹȻһ
𣡡˿ͷɷŭһȭ˱ɷ
أ޵ȭͷɷݺݵײһ
䣡ͻȻӣһȻƾУ˭ûռˣ
ǿѪͯӵǲȡʲôֶΣȻ˺һĹо̾
𣡡ɫӰһײһ
أһ죬ڶݵļϢʱ޺ɷ֪Ժ˶ȭϵĺɫۼҲһѪڡ
ޣţӳһѺĹֵ
ˣֵձͷ죡
ѪĽ޵϶õķޱȣÿͽѪϵʱ򶼾һʴԼ壬֪⻯ѪǻǿԼȥʹá


141 ǧɷħ
ȻԼʹãȴɷϻѪһǿСеһǣ˵ȷֱǺš
𣡡סѪɷһ
ֻһɫĵâһûɷۼ֮У
ۣһĽâ޷ȫƵۼڴ˿ȴԵޱȵĴֽͬмһ䣬ɷ嶼Ѹٿήøɱģͬʬһ㣬ʧȥ
һ֮ȻֲˣʹǼʶѪԵҲ̲סһ
ʿɷȻһ˸ʬ
ࣣһ죬ͷɷ㻯ΪһѸɷۡ
ɷһĻѪĵһ˿Ѫ֣ͿջѪ̾˿⻯Ѫ˰ԵһâоǳȡȫѪ˵ֶħ֮ҲǴޱȣҲ֪Ľ޵ǴӺδȻƾĽ޵е޷Ʒ֮ϵĻѪ
Ľ޵ҲֻǽԼΪħˡ
˼򵥵ĽɷȻѪͯӵע⣬ѪͯӿϵĻѪʱ̲סüͷȻ֪ܹ׵ĽɷľеĻѪļʶȻϲħǺ
⻯ѪֳһƷƷҲϡ٣϶һЩУÿһƷ϶ᱻŸɼ¼ڰѪͯӽпܵƷһ飬ȴûһܶԵϺš
е˼ҵ뿴лʲôֶΣѪͯһ
ɷ
¡ʹһðĵӰȻѪͯӿеɷ
Уһ
Ѫͯòַ֪ǿ˿ʿĹѾľԭΪɷѾѪͯӵȫ˭Ҳû뵽ѪͯӾȻص֮ڻʹ֮лĸɷ
ɱǱħѪͯðһɱ⣬ɱǲݡ
أÿһɷضγһӣĸɷ佫Χ
ͻȻֵĸɷһҲǳһһɷæҵģٳĸĻս˲ܸд
أһ˶Ըͷɷǿһƽ֡
ɷֶȻ࣬һͭƤȴ֣һпûѪķܹɱɷΨһܹľһһĽɷۼ״飬Ȼɱ
أһıըɷǼӲۼҵĹҲ˺ۣ˻ɱͷɷҲֻʱϵˡ
ͷɷĳȫǵĲ裡
ͷɷһͷɷͷ͵ĻǾΣˣһȵ
̼˵˵ͷɷȷǸ鷳ȻôѶԸȴʹҪɱס
ͻȻֵɷȴûйˣǽͰΧм䣬ʱһǲע⵽ǰ͵һͷɷѾʧ
ѵɱһͷɷһ㶡
ܣɷǶҪһֽţοһԲʿһ
鿴Ͳ˳ۣȻҪԷԡ
𣡡ͷɷ޻Ȼ壬еĻѪѪתһĸо
ɱ񽣣һɫĽâһͷɷˡ
һâҲ˿սźţеĻѪֱӳȥͷսһš
ѪһɫĵâնǼʶѪǹ֮ѪͯôܻɷȥӲɷѪһһֻѪɫȭͷ͵Ļ޵Ļɫâ
أ޵ĻɫâȻѪɫȭͷӲɢ
ߣȻϣɫĵâȻֱܹӻȥѪ⣬ֻҪӴͺͨĵâһѪͯһ
ɷǵˣͷɷͬһʱ޵壡
أȭȴûл޵ۼףֻһǳǳȭӡ
˿ɷۼ׵ǿʤһϸлѪĴʹͷɷΧҲδռ˺ô
ۣе޺ãеĻѪһתɷֱϵۼס
ѪֱѸٸɱȥһѪĻѪϵѪҲ˼֡
ùĵ˵ħеģʶлѪ֮⼸ڳ˵ʡ
ʹǽҲ̲ס¶һ˿أ⻯ѪֱǺţۼ׹ﲻֻͨǿűܻӶ˵һʿеĻҪһΡ
ѵҲһƷ
𣡡ڽ֮ʣ˲˹Ķ͵иһķһͭ͵¡
䣡ĹȻ֣һĴʮƷѩ˲ɳ


ʮƷ֮һͭһתۼͱ˷ĩ
𣡡治˷еķԽ
ȻֳһͭӰǧǧۣ
ɷڵɾѧǧɷħһʮѩ˲ۺһ
ǧɷħΣһ֮
ҲȤƷѪͯƺʵģʹǼʶ˽еļƷҲҡ
汳ɷħӰԽԽʵԽĽâǧɷħһֻ۾һȭ
䣡ǧɷħֱڽӴһ˲ͱâ飡
էһһײ֮нռϷ磬ǽɷħֱ۵ĽâҲΪ̣ǧɷħһֱֻ۴飡
ƷӲסһȻһ˸
üͷδǿеףѾʿķΧ
ǿɷħɷڵɾѧȻͬ죡һɷͿſеɷħӡ̾
ܹ¼Ʒѩһ֤ɷħʵ
ѪͯƺҲΪ⣺ΪһƷͿ޵Уҵɷȴʤһ
Ʒ˶һ𣬿Žб׹ĳ
Ŀ˼һۣ㽫ŵϣ
Ʒ־һشʹ̳ҲףǺܿǱѹƷɲܹȾָģżƷΪʵ
ƥ˶жӵжǿķһӵеĶܳܵĵزôɱ֮ҲͲԶˡ
ͬĵӵһƷ֮¬ᣬʯɽĻôʹʮҲᡣ
һͷܰˣ˵
ܣȽһͷ˵ɣѪͯЦһָһһöɷû֮У
öɷǱһɷ̺ҪԶ͵õһ֮ϣ


142 ݰ
õɷע룬ϵĺ˲䱩ǣɷħӰһ۾
ʲôôǿ󣬼ʹɷҲΪ˵˭쿴ڿһبħǧɷħ૵
ǿУʹҲδõ£һ
䣡һȭ⿴ƽƽһȭȴýٴУûκεԥеĴѩնһ콣âɵĽâӭȭͷ
򵥵һȭȴ̲ޱȿֲԽһʿʹС츳ϹҲֱӧ壬οıһͷɷħӰߵӵĻԼʹڵʿҲһȭ
ҲֻռƷĽһȭ
أɷħһֱֱӱ飡
ۣеĴѩ͵һ𣬾ȻӲ˽УѪ磬һУһеǿ߾ʧȥսƷ
ʦ֣һһҪסɳȥĽ
أ˶û뵽ǣһͱһɾ޴ʴȫ
ۣһӴʿˣֻǽܵನˣ
˵ͬʯһײ˵ϣγһ޴ӣ
һ֮ʿˣʧȥսǿֲ
еĻѪһɫĵâնÿɷͷ­֮Уת˲ͷɷͻ˷ɻң
նһɫĽâգͷɷ޿ɱܣâ壡
ΪֹѪͯɳɷ𣬵˵ȴһʹɱ˰ͷɷΣǿֲ֮ԽǳԵģռƷĽһ֮Уڳ֮л˭Ķ֣
һУɽҲУʹӵϹޱϾԳ޵ҲУʵѾֿܹķ룡
һλᣬңҲһҲӵд˵ʵҪĽǸǵģѪͯĿżˡ
ƽʱѪͯ˵ֻֻΪˣȴû˸ҳԳΪѪͯʵԿ˵ʵֻһͷǾͻ촦ǿѾֿܹĵز
֪֮Ľõдա
Ϣ֮ڣߣѪͯһ
ɷħӰǿֲ۾
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ʣļҲǷֱŲͬߣ׼ʹһҲĶ֣װɢܣӵһһҲֻһˣͬʱԸʿ
ߣ޴Ѫͯһ˿мĳǸô벻ЩЩʲôָһöɷ˲û塣
𣡡ǧɷħ۾һһξȻİֻ۾
䣡ɷħӰһӳȭѪͯӾȻ˷񣬾Ȼͼһ֮λʿ
аħҶһɫĽâӵصð壡
ŵŵţ⽣âˣʹǼӲޱȵҲܽâȫסһŽâϵжȥ
ɷħһûһеĵһˣѪͯЦһ
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㣬ȻûܣѲǱŵˣѪͯӿΨһûܵЦһ
ƳѪͯһۣΪ֪ʹҲȻģ˸ɷѱ㲻ʮʮ˸
أһӰصˤ˺Ȼǵһ뿪һʱһͬһ㣬κεĵֿ
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ոߵ˾ȻȫڵϣֵĲɷѪģ
Ѫͯӣû뵽ħŶˣˣ㵨ӲСѪĿѪͯЦһ
ħħ뢣ӸϷˣħţѪͯӲ˵ħŵʱûһ˿ľ⡣
Ѫ̲סһеɷħӰİֻ۾ǺֶΣʹʦӰħҲһʮֻ۾ĿܾȻһӳʦ
ǰˣǰɳ̲ϣûгԽǰ˵ģǺα棿ѪͯЦһ
ɷҪˣѪеɱһ
ɷںʱЧҹħţһѪͯЦ
ƴкôͽһƿʯѪյݸ˽Ҳֻнܹﵽ
ѪĺѪͯɱڵģ˿ûֵ˼
ǰˣǰɳ̲ϣǺÿĿϷ뿴νǰԪһʯɽƿն
ʯɽѪüͷһʹ޷˿ִţ֮˻̲סľ
ʦ
ʯɽ˵ͷܽ˵ֵزͷܵǲ򵥡
ٵĿϷǵһμ벻Ǽϲ֮⣬ݻһ׵ʿȻֻһͷܣʯɽüͷ
ʯɽû뵽㶼ˣҲΪϾȻһӡǣѪͯһ
ʯɽѪͯҡҡͷȻ˼ٵĿܣǴ˷ͣ
汾УҲ죡
׼һͷٵĿܣ۲νһ˷ȥĻݵķ˶Ҫ꣡
ʯɽҾһҿܵѪͯеĺâһȻ죬Ҫʯɽݰ䡣
ʯɽݵһɻԪһڵΪھݣʯɽӰ£ħֻˣʹǿħҲҪôòŸұܹھѹʯɽ˸ͲڣټϻԪһĵ̣ʯɽǵ֮ĵһˡ
Ϸһɷڵǧɷħкζ֮ʯɽһ
е񽣴ѩ͵һ˽ĿʯɽУһ־ס档
𣡡沢޷õķѪ֮ͯʹƷҲ˵
նһ֡һɫĽæأͬǼƷѩʯɽкڽзӳûпɱԣ
¡ûκεǧɷħɫĽ֮ûκεĻᣬɷħӰķѣı⽣â롣
ݰѣһ־ʯ쾪Եһ֮³װܱ
ȻâնΣȴǿףʹնȥ˰ȻǿĻţϵѪⲻϵ䶯ţ
𣡡һŻ潫ΧŻ˿֮£ʹǿҲӻҷĽ֡
һ֮죬ʯɽֵֻǶ̶һϢʱ䣬һϢʱȴռǰδеת


143 
ʹһֱ̬չѪͯҲûϵᷢչزһУһУȼٵĿܾʬ޴棡
ѪĶʯɽеĴѩͬһƷڲͬ﷢ӳȴر
ƾ輫ƷҲֻǿʯɽȴһбеУֱ
ݵһ˵ʵʵѹԪһڻִ֮ţعѪͯһ
ʲôֶξͶʹɣʯɽƽĿѪͯӡ
ߣ㵹ǴѪͯЦһһУһöԲɷ䵽ѪͯӵУöɷģ̺ʹʿҲҪ˱ᣡ
ȻĳֶҵļƻӰ죬ҲӰˣҵļƻǻɹѪͯһ˿㣬еɷһ˽ȥ
һѪͯȫˣɷȻ̺żֲȥĻûк³õĽҲǱ˲˹Ķпɥ
ѪȴһѪͯӵͲϣΨһĵѪͯɷķʧˣһɷƷħʵһ޴ķԾʹǻԪһҲѹħţʱݾħŵ£
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ǿк棬ʹܽٵ磬Ҳֻǿˣȱ˶ԾҲֻǿɣʯɽ̾˿
϶ûʸԣȻžʹѪͯӻ̲סڡ
ɷ㾡ѪΪľǴݲᵤʿ䣬ʯɽȴ˵·УҲѹѪͯӻ˵ķŭ
𣡡еĺɢѪͯӵͫҲӺɫɺɫ
Ѫͯӵĵﴦһöɫӣ
ڳɹˣڳɹˣѪͯӸܵﴦöɫڷЦ
ᵤʿڳΪᵤʿˣʯɽʹҲֹңѪͯһ
ʯɽҡҡͷ㻹û˵Ļ
ʯɽеĴѩһһɫĽâն¡
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ʯɽ˵κβҵģʯɽĽâѪͯӷЦš
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ӰֹѪͯͫһ˿ĵϵĻȭֵС
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ޣͷһ𣬲ɵĿ˽ʯɽͽսʽһޣʯɽǽ޵ĻôȻҲǽޡ
ԭˣѹֽĽâ˷΢΢̾˿
ޣǿĴʣνޱԽ޽һ򷨣һ򷨣սиռ˱ˣ޵ĹʽȻֻнâǵĽâ޾ߣ
ޣޣ벻㾹ȻǽޣΣȻųսǿߣҲǽᵤԺ飬δᵤͲγɽҲֻǱͨʿǿôһˣѪͯЦ
ǶԸ㣬ȴѾ㹻ˣʯɽһһʮâ
Խ޵ʮâʹѪͯҲ¶һ˿֮ɫû˸С｣޵ĽâʹҲһ
䣡ǧɷħһΰθʮɣ
ǧǧ۵ɷħǧֺϱѪͯӶУԽ޵ĽâѪͯӽеڷϡ
أһâɷħӰһٶֱ˲㱻ɱĸɸɾѪͯӸһ
أ
أ

ʮâɷħֱ۾նʹɷħҲնǧٿףһ֮ȻֲˣѪͯӵ۽ǺͶ䴦˺ɫѪҺ
ȻɷħӰס˴󲿷ֵ廹ǱâشѪ
ȿȿȣѪͯӰڵϲϵĿԣеѪͣð
ȥѪĿŹڵϲѪѪͯҡҡͷ
ѪͯʯɽĽâ飬ѶϣʹǴҲԾΣѪͯûֻƾһŰˣһǿɢ
ʯɽʯɽҲҪ汳Ѫͯɺͫ׾Ȼϵɢֻ۾ĺɫ
Աʯɽһ
һٵʿԱأʹҲ˵ܹԱ֮аȻ
䣬һɫĽâͽѪͯӹᴩ
ͣѪͯĽâ͵ɢâγϸСĽ룡
䣡ѪͯԱͱϸƬ
˿ѪͯԱĻ³ʯɽ֮ⶼҪΪᣡ
㻹ѲҲҪҳ֣ʯɽѪһ
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䣡һɫĽâֻѪͬھ
ڳˣһΪҪһӣʯɽһ
ѪӰħﻹҪëܣȫѪֵЦһ
͹ܺĶӣҪܣݿǺΣյģʯɽһ
ǱͽҲһϹŽһҲֻʣˣҪˣĶ𰡣ѪһУѪ˲ʧӰ١
ѪݵٶȻ֮죡ȥѪӰħʯɽû׷ϡ
ѪͯӱʯɽնɱҲʱһ䣬ǷԲΪ˷棬ոһʧȥ˾ǺʹĹԱͬһɢɳΧĹҲʳ
һжûʲôϵˣ׵ս˵ûκεӰ죬һβ֮ŽųϵѪĻǵˣҲûʲôϵ
صԪһڵͣ罣˵ΪڵϯʦԪһڵĳϣԲĳڻԪһڻ״ΡȻ֮಻Ƕʯɽѹ
ǰ¶һֲ֮ʧˣܹƷҩʦǷŵﶼǱһĴڡ
Ϊϯʦ֮ڵҩ԰Ҳͳ׿ţеҩʹãҲֻռ˼ҩӣûֵ̫飬ҩ԰ϾǻԪһصأʹҲҸ㣬οҩ԰ʦ˵Ĺϵ


144 ɽ
ϣһɫĵ¯ںɫĻϺϵתڵ¯·һɫ۵ϵĳŻдһķ
ǳΪϯʦͣʱһ¯Ʒҩ
һֶƷҩú;࣬ʿõĵҩ
һĴ룬һŨҩ洦˺ɫ¯
ʮ˿ţԼĳĵ˵ͷ
ϣǷˣ
ţˣԼȡһ룬һʮ˿ţĶʮĿŹ㣡׳һСƿװ˶ʮĿŻ
ʮĿţλʿһ㶣Ϊ̫ˣǶˣ
ûҹʦƣһ¯ҩҲǳʮȴҪʦռȥңҲʮңͬķͳȴǱ˵
ȻһĴۣȴõ˶ʮ൱ˣλʿȻֿ˻
лϣ
͵˵ͷΪԪһڵϯʦʿѾ١
геԵЦ
ôˣǷͻƣ˺¯ʵ
šһ£ұͻƣʱҲʮĸˣԵЦ
οĵ˵ͷԵͱã˴ҩٶȻһǧ
磬еˮˣ֪ڴȺիĺòãҲӹɡԵ˵
ҲãҲþûһˣݲƽȥпܾͻᱻħŵ˶ϣͿɬЦ
ֵҲͬɱ˲ħŵˣȻϢűħŶϵļʾԲСȻӵжԿʿʵڼʶʯɽѪӰħǿֲ֮ǳ˶ʿС֮ģĴڣʮġ
ǵһսҲһܹڵһɺɫˣҲ֪ʲôԭӷڵĳɫȻںһһǺɫĻ档
ɫ⣬ɫڣȵһĳɫǿ
ֻںҲĪû˵һʿڿԴģںһ
¡ͻȻһһɫĽƳ˿У
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ԪһڣΪﵽԲҲǼˣ
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磬ǸɽٵʶԵʵ
ţͳ˺¯Ϸ
磬Ǹ¯ҾͲˣԼͿˣԵɬЦ
ƳԵһۣԼҲȻԼܵЩʲôɵԼʦһμʱ
ʱɫĵ¯ҲΪӣǴһʱһʱû뵽ȥͳΪ˺¯ˣҲʦһΪһź¯ߵĹˡ
㣡ͻû˰ԵȻԵϲҲǿ
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أҩ԰һ͵ӭס
ǣȻ˲䱻״ѣҲΪ̣ʧ˿Уʣڣ塣
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أʮܱһһ飡޿ɱܣУ
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أ׻еֻǻһΣ
ףİ澹Ȼ¶һǧ꺮
͵Ƥɵֱǧ꺮֮ﶼܴϣͲòʿͺԣͨʿĻˣ
Сǧ֮ռ˴ǧƱĵ֮⣬ʣµǧ꺮ף
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䣡ڵֵϢʱ֮ڱ顣
Ϣʱ鲼ˣһһ
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䣡һʵϼ˲£壬ɽľҲϼѸٵĸԭϵǲϵǿ
䣡ֻǰȻʣ
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ȥˣԵԵ
磬㲻ȥףһ𣿡Եһ㶡
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ʱҩ԰ѾʿΧЩʿһضϲģʿΪݵǿÿһ˵Ǿ޴ο黹һΪʿ֮ʵԶһʿʿȻҪùϵ
¶ɽٳɹʿǺһ£ϵ֮ģȴһ仰û˵ֱӽҩ԰չȥˡ
ҩ԰Ǿֱӿҩ԰󷨣еʿ棬Ȼߣҩ԰ҲҰҪǻٻҩ԰ĻһĲǵľǻԪһʯɽ
أѪӰħǰʯ͵ˣ
һȺоôöûоô궼ȥˣһ󱲶ƳĶǾȻ˵ŪѪӰħ
ɷʵδŰȻܹһӲٵ磬ʵ̫ˣһ˵
ߣȥҾͲţֻѪͯӲŪѪӰħ
ѪӰħеɷɵ˳˼һöɷʯɽģҲ飬öɷֲ뷲ڵĻⷲ˲ӵпʿʵ
Ƿ˵̫˲䱬һ˼ζˣ
һ̷ҩļٵʿѪӰħּ˵Ҳûʲôͨʿ˵һجΣʿϳԱ񣬸˵Ǳʿˡ
ѪӰħҰȻŹûᣬħھͨĳо֮ãȻûоһ㶫βŭ
ɷţʱȥúðݷһˡѪӰħЦһ


145 
֨
֨֨֨
һ;ͱӵѣε˳
Сһﰲһ㣡̲סƳСӺѰһۡ
ص֮СһͻԾĲ񻰣һ춼ǲӰӣҲ϶ֳԵġ
겻ߵĳԽԽˡԵЦ
ֻԷµǣС˭ҲɳġЦ
ԵЦŵ˵ͷС޺ӣһëĻһֲɷǣŵĳ¬ǺܺõӣڵĴڣӲǱСҳ⽴
ûҩˣǳָһɫѰСӵǰ
Ѱ󲻶ϲŪɫӣ˿˾;ÿȻɫӲȤ˵һҩȽջ
Сɴֱ࣬һ£ĿζͱȽϵµҩмһˣ˵ֺˡ
Сһıεҡҡͷ֪ôļһɱǳԵҩöˣ
֨֨֨ѰȭͷڿвϵĻӶűʾ顣
СӸɴ˱ϵһ㲻ңҾʹӡ
СеԵƤֱСӵǼģһķ쭵Ļɽ嶼ڵġ
Сһﻹˣ͵Ѱһۡ
Ѱһæ㵽Сӵ¶˰ͷŹ
СһﵹǴ֪Сӵı£СӵǹʹˡЦ
Сӣ裬ұ֤ⶫԱԵҩҪóԵĶࡣ˵
֨СɻĿͣʵ벻ɫʲôóԵġ
ͣڶ͵ΣСӻһ£
ˣСӾһ𣬽˽ȥҰҰɵľ׽ţһܵӡ
ԣĺô֮СҲǺֱӽѰķҲ˹
֨֨֨ѰɵˣôҲ벻ոջԺӲмһ˵СӾȻ
Ҳ֪һǺöȻСҲˡ
֨֨֨ѰİĲ˲͵Ľס
࣡Цһһ衣
С۾һûѰͽŽԼ
֨֨֨Ѱ󶼿ҪˣСӾȻĶԣؼû˿ĵֿ
ͳѰ֣Ѱ͵ļίĽš
ˣ㡣ͽһѰ
֨һѰ۾ϸƷζ
ԵĿѰСӣҲССĺΪζǻôջ
ⵤҩʱ裬һרŸ޷õĵҩ޵ʳ޵ĽҲкܴİͽ͵
裬ΪʲôҴû˵ֵҩԵһ㶡
ҡҡͷⵤҩ䷽мصģ͵ΪԲľ磬еĵһϵȫһŵӡ͵Ժ֮УĵͬĵЩӱʱͬľ鶼͵Ժ֮Уʱ䡣
ʮöҲζʮд󲿷ֵĵͬڵϲû̫ļֵ̺˵һ޴ıأҲ֮֮ĸڡ
ҲеһƵķǺܸӣõҩҲһЩͨҩöУ;˳һ¯
޵ջ󼸺ǲɵֵģʹСϹҲԵֵ
һƿ轻ˣͽһСƿŵСӵϡ
֨֨Сӳ졣
ҲҪ۸ѰⵤҩǸһ˵ģҲҪһѰ󣡡ͳһϵСӵ䣬Сƿ˲֮С
֨Сظ
͵˵ͷСһԴСһﻶϲص̲סЦ˳
Ϳҩ԰ķ򣺡չôãӦȶˣʱȥˡ
Եң³ȥһˡ
ţԵӦһ֮֮Ͽʼ˽
վҩ԰һһöɫ˳ȥöɫһҩ԰󷨷ҫ۵Ĺâ֮гһһ˸ߵͨ
ͣݼǰ
Ƴһһôò
ౣֻһɫӰӳ͡
һɫӰٶ֮죬æ񽣣׼ɫӰն
ңһâһţ˲ס͡
أɫӰ͵ײ͵Ļ
ౣౣ
ѩգһɫӰȻѩգ
Ʒѩգѩɽۣ֮ϡ٣
ǰѩա
Ѿͷޣһ
ɫһޣѹסȻոһնȥĻʹѩҲҪˣο⻹һͷѩգ
ౣѩյͷϵ͵ĻвţƺѰʲôһ㡣
ʲôѩĶüͷһ壬ѩ˼Ҳǵһμ
ҲǸеĪԼҲǵһμͷѩգΪλ˼Ҳ
ѵ裿
ѰСһͷϳ˲裬ϱȻζζ˵ûʲôǶѩ˵һ޴ջҲѹѩջ˼˽Ļˡ
ౣ
ʹӴͳһö裬յѩյǰ
ౣѩյ۾һ̽
裡ôֶһ
ԼƵİֲô鷳;డһ㶡
㣿ԼƵģʵ
ǰ͵˵ͷ
ɫŹֵĿһۣ֪䷽
šҲǾòûʲôģͺֱӵĵ˵ͷ
ֻΪСӺѰʳˣʲô˵ܡ
衭ôɽׯŵҩ䷽ʵ
ɽׯĶŵҩüͷһ塣
֪ɽׯԦ֮ҲֻɽׯʿĲٿսȻһʿҲܼԦޣȴԶԶɽׯ
ɽׯܴﵽһһڶЧҲʹɽׯ˶֮ʱռ˱
ҲֻɽׯܹµһͷޣһϼʹݵһɻԪһҲȲϣڼӢ֮;ûӵ޵ġ
ܻһͷƷѩΪѾǼˡ
ȴ֪ɽׯŵҩĿⵤҩļֵƺǳߡ


146 
ˣҲ֪ԺҲⵤҩ԰ڣȻɽׯ㲻ݣ̾˿
ݣƤֱһֵҩڵֵز
ǵĲѩҡҡͷһͷѩ׽Ϊİ˵㣬ɽׯҲǿòܽôޣ
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ָʶ֪֮ԼڵֹۣܲʱƶûУвɫҲ˸ԭϣЩɫľľɫ¾Ȼһһĸԭš
ֱ֮󣬻ָʶͲǿܹƶԼ塣
Լص壬һȻγɵĶѨָԼ塣
һָָ꣡
۾һɲǣоȻһϹ⣡
ڻָĲˣͰ̾һ
׸ɵ˺ȻѾʿܹܵķΧĻʮҲġ
͸ڴľ޴̲סȭͷһȻΣʹеõĺôҲǲɹġ
ڵѾڵΪǰ˿ڵʿټϳʱ侭׵Ĵ壬͵ҲԶһʿǿ
Ҫǣ˴֮Ȼĳ䣬ԭӨ͸һŲɢɫ绡飬Ҳϵͷųһ˿׵͵֮У
ֱʱͲлϸĹ۲ԼĵطΧͱڣһ۾Ȼͷعƾɣ
ɵĸ߶ȼʹǶһʿҲе㺧ˣ
ҵǱʲôطˣε뵽
ΧһƬߣȻκε
ġ⡱һ£ֱط򵥣ԷһͻǾ뿪ط
ˣոշɵңͽµͻȻһȻܿƵҲ
ãһµ񽣾ȻĿƣһĪĳס
ಣ˲仯Ϊһ׺ʧʣ
ʧȥ񽣵˲ʧȥ֧ţ͵
ҲǷңɵĸ߿ȥʹʿҲǾһͿɲһˤʿ
ۿҪ͵ײˣ͵ͻȻðһɵɫֻϹһ͵Ȼֹ徲ƯڿУ
Ѿʿˣƾ跨ҲշˣͲ˲ͷ亹ҪˤȥĻҲҪ˰
Ϳɲոõһ̱
ͻȻʧ񽣣Ҳĵɻ׵ʲôȻܹһʿжһƷ
ʧһɲǣԼһɫĹâдʧԶ
ɫţ̲סüͷ
񽣿ΨһһƷټʦȻܾһƷװ׵ʧˣ
Ȼδ֪ɫɵһ뵽ԼѾӵڵΪټϵӺͽשʹʯɽ˵ȼٵĳ֣Ҳһս֮
ҵҪʲôڸһѭɫʧķȥ
ˣе׸͵һһʱûзӦȻ׸ֶ
룡һһķУ׸ٶ͵һ
ˣ½׸Ͳɵüͷ
ʹУ׸ڲϵǿѹƵĻͷɳȥˡ
аţͰ̾һ
ԼյĹǹĪʧ𶯵׸Ҳڰ
ǹһʱңһγ֣ԽԽǿ͵Ϊòȫѹ׸
ˣһɫĹâͻȻðͷһ˲׸æܿɫĹâ
˭֪ɫâĿͲһֱѹƵ׸
˲䣬ɫĹâͰס׸漴ʧ͵ǰ
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ʹâʲôĶ
Ȼʧȥ׸֪ԼĿĵԭԽӽˣֻҪټǰߣܿʹâԴͷ
ף͵ǰһ
һ·ݲĵطȻһƬޣ;һƬ֮ϾȻŴޣвޣ
ҵǵʲôطˣͿЦһ
֮еĶ˵ҲʮͷĪ˵һڵʿʹڵʿҲֲʲôôҲֻʯɽּٵʿʮͷ޵Χ±ס
׺ܣһ漫亱ı׺ﾹȻȺӣʮͷ׺ҪǷĻԽݽ췭ظ
׺һּѶԸޣ˺ܵŵ㣬ƻҷ͹ǿʹƷҲסǼ£
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ǵɵǳֵһɲǣ޵ͻȻðһɫĹâֱͶͬʱҲһɾ޴ϵĽ룡
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𣡡
Χı׺ͻȻĺڲݴ֮еʱи¶ѪĹâ
׺ܲɱһ뵽֮жԱ׺̲ܵסһ
׺ܵٶȼ죬һգ۵ĹѾ嵽͵ǰʧȥ˷͸ͲҺͱ׺ӲһָʮɫĹâ˲˱׺ܵ۾
׺ܵķȻǿǶ۾ֱλ˵ʹǿҲûô˲ܵı׺˫۾ϵڵϴ
Ҳԭضʮͷ׺Խ˺ƬһɫԭһӰ֮ʧ˺ܵǰֻʮͷܷŭ
գҪһʮͷܰΧĻ׶༪ˣһ뵽ոյվ̲ס¡
ͻܵһɫĹâȻܹϵķʱĳλʿյĹĻôŹʵֲ̫ˣһ뵽˶֮ʱԼķĪߣ͵ĺľһ亹
һҲףɫĹâʯ޵ģ޵ΧŴޣҪľͱܿЩޣʹһ޴⣬Ȼ͵ϢԼϢǲܽԼζϢƭʿȴƭһЩ쳣ޣⲻò˵һȱݣ


151 
ʶʹâڷ֮˵ʲôҲóˡ
ԽǿޣɫâԽǿһʼͻƾԼѹڿ֮ͷԼɫâǰԵ΢
ͲǹȽӽ֮еĻ;ͱɫĹâǹˡ
ҲڶģĶ飬鶼ɫâĻôҲֻˡ
ҵǣͶĶˣƺûյɫâӰ죬һĵ֮вϵתţҲϵͷһɫ͵ľ
ɫâʵ벻Ǻ
ڻԪһڣҲĶ˴򣬶һЩϡŹֵĶһ˽⣬ɫâȻ֪֮УܹȡͲκмصܹ쵽ġ
ɫâڣҲζ͸Ͳܶκεķһʿʧȥ˷ս½һͷͨĶ޶Ըˡ
ʧȥ˷Ҳζ͸Ͳܷɵ£ȻʿѾܹƾշУһ뵽Ҫƾɣ;òܣ
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֮ȻԼ˼Ҫرߵ񽣣ܵĻ͸뽫һɫâΪС
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ҡҡͷһҡޱǰ
СӣҲɣͽСӴ֮˳
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֮ڵҩǱ˲٣ë֪֮еĻʳ
Сӣһ鷳ˣǰʮͷ׺ܣǱ취ǣһ֣ص˵
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Ϲ޵ʵټٱ׺ܶһӴ
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Сظһϵӡ
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Сץֻ֮֡
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𣡡һΪĺʮͷ׺ܵ׵ѹȥ
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飡һͷ׺ܱСӴ򱬽һգ۵Ĺʮͷ׺ֻܾʣ˰ͷж˿־壬СӵѾЩײеı׺ܸܵ˿־壡
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⵽ʲôطȻ˶ǿޣ֮ʯɽҲضˣ̲סֹ
ЩԺͼٵʯɽһϸ£ʯɽǼƷĻЩ޵³ҲòȥϾʯɽǽͬΪٵѪͯһնɱǿһʹڵСҲӲ


152 ȸ
Խǽӽ룬޵ϢԽǿһаɳڿзɹһϵСӶ˴ڣֻһɱΪ
ҵǣԽǿصʶԽǿңЩ޵жΧйɿѭҲץס˿϶Щ޵дж
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ҫ죡ΪһɫĽâ˲俳˿ȸĽţ
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飡׵ǵص
޷Ŀȸһ׵еʱѾˣ׵粻ϵ䣬ʹǲɫëҲȫֵ׵̵ëճ˽ɫҲҵһſŻ򲻶ϵĹſȸͷ
ЩȫɱɣÿһŶ൱һʿȫһ
䣡˲ɫĿȸΧͳһƬ𺣣


153 ë
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飡ɳԨҲֲסص˵ϣ



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ŶôǿٶûþʯɽϢ֮΢΢һЦ
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ǵãʱǳΪʮĴ֣ʮѾԽ棬Ϊʷǿߣʿʿ֮Ų༸Թ


154 Ϲż
֮͵ʱ֮⣬ǺԵˮһǽһЩڷ顣
ȺիǴȻϷߣЦ
κ֮УǽǶ˷ߺ޵飬ȺիȻ׵ľͷˣˮԪһڣһ㵹ǳ͵Ԥϡ
ԵЦһ
ôˣѲʲô鷳ʵ
ȺիǸã˵ʲôˮһ֮ĻǵһƿѪյͰˮˣһ뵽ȺիǸãԵһӵ
Ե磬Ҳ˵ʦһǺܺõģˮƺҲ֪Լʦ˵ĵ㡣
Եô˵ֻܿЦһԵȻԼѪյԼƵĵҩԼÿһƿ֮ٶʮҩԵһһƿѪյºܹסջ
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Ϲżڵʿ˵һ޴Ĳر⣬ҩǷпܴڣЩʿΪϹżõϹʿĴУ֮ͻΪĸ֣
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˵ʿַڣݻ淢ֹ١
ȿǿտһУҲܷϹʿĵáһЩѾϡϻ򷨱֮ĺö
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Ϊݸովսңδʣ治ô̫ƽҺ϶ħŵϢȥ׾ͱħǵ˸ϣȻͲħǵצ鷳ܱܣټϵķֻëȸˣķûʵǲȥһ˻ˮ
λϣ֮Ѿ˲µһμλʲô˼ˡǧɽϹʿַַǻԪһ־ڱصãʯɽɨһ´˵
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ʮӰֱǧɽ
ԶԶĵں棬ͲŸȥǧɽϾϹżҲô׷ֵģһǧɽôϹżػҪϹżҪǧɽһһʱ̵ġ
磬˵ϹżЩʲôأҪЩͺˣЦ
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ʬǸոպһĻԪһڳеһԱոջʻȴһʬ壡
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ޣˮһ졣
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СӨĹӾȻ쳤ԽǰӵĿԽСͬӵһ
ԵСģˮһ
ԵָһУȻͽεļС
͵ָһ㵭Ļ治ϵţ
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155 
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ˣˣѪõ˿ԼĻռϷ磬Ц
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߰ɣҲҺúһһɱ¾ʢ磡ѪЦһԭһӰʧããɽ֮С
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157 
ǧɽڲߣŴޣ
ƽʱɢڸصޣʱȴͬ˿һ㣬Ⱥӵǧɽ֮д󣬽ʿ˺Ƭ
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á
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СˣĶֿңЦ


½źʹȺիĵӲҽϣʧȥʿǸ͵ֵôĶѪͺա
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ˣֻһֻ־ȻסĽâֻһֻһĽâˣ
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ͣ䣬һӨĹӾʹ̽ؿڣ
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͵˵ͷһ˲ΪһƬ𺣣Ķ֮±˽̿λڵͯӶճ˽̿ʧȥƵĶͬˮһȥ
һ֣˲Ťתս֣ǧƽ̵ʿĶҲȥ
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ѣǧƽҰģҵӦǧɽб˵ǿʵѾ£֮ġ
Цһ˾ô̰֪ǧɽһѨΪǴ˵еϹżЩӲǲϷ
Ҳûʸ˵ˣԼγǱ뷨أȻԴԵˮ뿪ط


158 ǧƽ
䣡׼Եˮ뿪ʱһŻɫϢĳ˲ԶؿУΪĲǿҵ
оĿѹ͵һֽǸӨĹС
Сһ㣬˺ǿѵ
ɫתһӰ
ߴԼʮͣƳ룬ɷǡһһе֮ʿȻԷգԷȻǧƽš
͵ĵһӦҪܣⲢ͵СǶԷͷ⣬ʹܹһڵʿò£ҲζԸһű
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ɱ죡һ
Ϣͨǰɱ꣬ž׷ˣ͵˵
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ģҲϻȥǣ˸Цһ˿ڵʿֻϡ
δ䣬棬ֻӥСĻһֱ۴ϸĻѾ˹
ȶֵͣȻ޷ˣǾò˵ķϻΪǿܷƶԷ¶϶Ȼ֮زز
ǵһԺһҲּȥ
ʶеĴƷҲӴȡˣһָЩͻΪһоĶߣۻУ͵ֶһѷ
ΪԷڵظ֣˿д󣬲ҲǲҪǮĴѴѵ˦ֻϣܳ䲻⣬Էһæҡ
ȻֵͬʱһɫĹȴס˵壬н׷ȥ˷һ⣬ûжκ˺
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۾һУڸֵķȻͬСɣȴ֪˵ͬǾ쳣
Ҫ֪ѣҲܱн׵Ѿֵƣ˵һͨʿһţҲûôݳޡ
գۼ䣬Ѿɱǰһֹһһƹɽһ
ε̾˿ûгֵķսʱҪŵģָоر
һŷһֽٻȡ˳
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ɫһ䣬̾ͽٻᦵ˳ͬʱһݣѵСӾȻħߡ
;Ȼħʿһ
ܵĻܶ࣬ħҪܣһֻҡٻᦣԩ걼ˣ
ߣħΣһ
ףֻ׹һһֱ۴ֵ׵͵Ľеԩɢ
ϵɫһ䣡
ǧƽŹȻеŵϡٵϵᣡ
Լ֮ͻǵһη˻ʹϵ
ԼֻƾǾĸܷˣȴǿģ
һǾĸһɫĵâӭ˵ף
ϵһ
ͺ˵Ľֲڵʯ֮䣬ߵԵˮûӦ
СӣСˣеϵҪˣ̰֮ɫ
ȻеǾĸƷ΢һ㣬ϵϡ٣ʹΪǧƽţҲûһϵ
ҪҵǾĸҵǶױȽȤ׵Ļҵǲ㣡Цһ
СӣΪɱ㣿˴ŭ
ʵҲˣЦһ
Եˮ˺󣡡˵
Եˮ˵ͷȻԵڵʿǻѡԼĴ磬ԵۿڵΪӲĽնɱǰԽսôȻԡ
˵ˣΪһڵʿȻС
Сһ˳
ѵҲʿ˵еʶһ¡Цһ
еǾĸһâײףһȻƽɫ
ҲǴΪȣڵСӷ֮˿֮£治֪ôġ
˵Գһ˿أµѹΪģչһƬƳ˶ͷϷīеڲͣ˸š

͵ɫЩѿˣǱ׸Ӹ߼ķܹʩչԳ˷ǷĹ
һ£ȡ˳һףԭֻаƴСĶƣȴѸʹ󣬵ͷ֮ϣһɵİ׹⡣
ͻգһʮʮܳ͵ϡ
ΧǷĽƣ˼ʮ֮֮࣬ɫһ䣬Сôķ
ͬʱô౦һͬ׵ʿ϶ޱȣȻȴԭ⼸õĵҩƷҽǧҩʳ
֮Բڵʿ
һ˿ɫſڣһž絽֮ϣʱΧǲƹ⣬˻һȼ
ȻһͷǶ֮ϡ
ʱڵ͹ﱻһưˮеصâµø
˿ԣֻϸСĵâᣬ㼯һڴֵ
˴˾ɫ䡣Ȼͫףȴ΢΢һ£˿ϵ罭Ӿ̣ӿһɫۿɼٶȡע뵽ǰز

µİɫֽ赲˼룬ͱ÷飡
ɫһ䣬ʵǿףȻ⼸ֻƷһͽƺķ飬µʮҲķ飡
䣡̣һźɫĻ͵ĳȥ
̣
ɫĻһ;ҵʮƵ˴֮ںɫĻ֮£ֱ۴ϸ׵羹Ȼ𽥵Сֻʣ¿ӴС
ɫһ䣬һھֻھϵ֮У

һֱ۴С׵
ޣ
һâһȵľᣡ
˴ʱǾȥδ֮ʣ޵ĳ˴һ
飡;ȻӲһ
ͣеĻѪһɫĵâ
Ȼܣȴɫĵâȣ
˵ۿɼٶȸɱȥ
ħ˴󾪣
ʵ벻ͨһʿôôħ
ӦҲǣ͵ͻȻһӨĹӴ̴˵ţ


159 
˲һģܸоԼѸʧѸٵĸɱȥ
㡭㡭˿Ѫĭ
Ϣʱ䣬ǧƽƽ̾Ȼͱ˸ʬ
ÿֲĹӣ治֪ʲôɵġԵ̾˿˵
뵽֮ǰ㱻һӴУԵһ亹
ͽĿⶼеĴһ뵽ǧƽ̵ƽ̣ͷһȣյ׺־ڱصá
˵ĴеĶǲ٣ʯǧ飬ʿ˵Ҳһʾ޿ˣмƷһ澵ӣһꪣһԹӡ
ͽƷ˵ϣԵˮѡһԵѡ˹ӣˮѡ澵ӣͽս˴֮С
ͻ˼öмö¼ĶһЩǧƽ̵еһöȻס
ʹϲæʶУǵʶһɲǣһӴʶ˲
ߣһ˲öȡ֮еϢԵˮһķɻſת˲ʧ֮У
͸ո뿪һӰ˵ϣ
űɸʬߵɫޱȵѿǧƽƽ̾ȻɱһʬҰ
׷ͯյǧƽеĵһ֣ٵ񳤷磬ԭ׼˭֪˵ͻȻ飡
ƽǲ˵飬񳤷粻òֱߵ飬ٸһ
Է˭ܹɱ飬ܲҵĴڣҷ뿪ûмܰ쵽ѲǼٵʿˣ񳤷ɫص뵽
ˣ񳤷һ
˵ĴѾʧҲζŴеļöҲ˶ԷУһö֮иǼǧƽ̵һжϢϢأһй¶ȥ룡
뾡ҵǸʿȻ鷳ˣ񳤷
ǵԷڵҲɱҲһڵʿǧƽܹ֮ѹʿֻһˣ
Ҳ֣鷢չزҲûа취ˣ񳤷еɱ¶
һٵʿ׵ķ¼ɱʿʲôĺû֪һǿ϶ģⱾͷƮҡǧɽӶ
Ͳ֪ԼһٶȻǧɽ˸Ķ֮С
ʱҲܲô࣬ʱϵĿ񱼣ոǵʶʵ̫ǿһ㷴ûУǿʶҲֻʯɽϸܵʶԷһٵʿ
ڵʵȻԺڵʿһĻܹɱڵʿԼٵʿûκεĵֿ
벻ǧƽ̾Ȼ֪˴ܣѹǸҵݵħ̾˿˵
Ϲż֮оȻһ߿ȽᵤڵĿܣᵤڵĿܣͿϢһӦǼٵģ֮ȴĺϸ󲻵òš
ᵤڣʿ˵һԶ޷Ŀʹо֮Ҳֻ̾ȻʯɽǼٵʿǾһȴס֮
ʹʯɽ׼ϵĲϣϵͻǰƿܹͻƵļҲһɡ
ַǰԹȴһɹǼʹֻаٷ֮һϣҲԸⳢԡ
ھȻɽ֮оȻһȽᵤڵĿܣڹȵ͹֮һˮ
һ£һӵһͷᵤڵĿܣݻ˭ǧƽ̵Ķ֣һͷᵤڵĿܾɨݣ
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ǧƽ̾ȻóƿܣаԾȣ֮ʧˣû뵽ϹżоȻš
ǧƽ̵õ˽ᵤڵĿܺͿ֮Ļǧƽ̻ܳưˣ
˭뵽һǧƽ̣ϹʱھȻ˴ıͿЦһ
ɣʱӦðȫˡͻȻͣ
ոѹÿֲͷûСԵµ˵
ҽǵķԼϢ˵
Եˮ˵ͷϢŹͽǣõŷʱ򣬳һЩķһʿͲʶ̽鵽ǵڡ
ӦѾж˰ɡѪʵ
ǵģʱӦѾɽΪƽˡߵ˵
ɸԿôȫСѪЦһ
ɸԿһѣڻԪһУڣ콣ɣɽׯɽϸһѣ⼸֮оɽʵ
ȮħѪ˵
ʱɽѾΪ˼ɽϿձһźѪ֣Ѫ֮вϵĳһЩѪū
ЩѪūȻĲʵټϲ𣬼ѶԸ
Ѫ죬ɽϺԩ޳ΪҪɽУɽеϺ
ǲӸˣħ»ҪҪʶĻͽɸԿףһħŵĳϣȻɽϾʹ˳Ѫһ
̫ҪɸԿ׾޿ܣһ
ȻϸôҲûʲôˣѪЦһ
ɲǼгѪӰͬһʱ䣬ɽϵؿڱһֻѪܵצӴ̴
ѪƺվԭûŻڲѾ˵һУһɲǵĹѪѾɽϣ
ʿȻô׵ıˣ
ɽϣİԼˡѪЦһеķ飡
죬ΪѪӰħ˵
ѪЦЦȵϴ簡ɽСõŴ֣Сһ˾ܽˡ
Կҵ𣿡ѪӰħʵ
ҵˣǸëĴ֮УɸԿڹˡѪЦ
ֻǵһѰˣҪɸҪԿ׺͵ͼҪȡļԿءѪӰħҡҡͷ
ɣѪӰħ˵
Ѫɢȥɽеʱԭķдʱֻʣ˲ԫϱڣһصʬ壬ħ˼ȮɽһֻӶûд
úݵֶΣѪӰħ˹ȻСʯɽŻɽҡҡͷ

񳤷һƽһڵʿĳ࣡
ʿĴһ֮񳤷üͷǣѾǵڶʮһˣܵȥ
䣡ͻȻһ޴Ĺâأ
ãżȻǰˣ񳤷ɫһ䣬ٳŹâķȥ
ͬһʱ䣬ǧɽеʿһâ
żˣ֪ͨţ
˲䣬ɳǧɽأ


160 ű
ϹżĳǧɽȻҲâ
ɽͿâгһ
ǲ֪ϹżʲôĻҲҪһ£ǵ֪ż֮пȽᵤʿĿܣͿ֮ܵĻ͸ûɲȥ
ߣ˻Ϊֱǧɽ
ͬʱеʿֹͣɽȥ
͸ϵɽʱѾΪʿŶŸԵСӪʹͬΪԪһڵʿҲȫ£һģķɢڸء
Ԫһڴ˴һ˶ʮʿǴʱȴֻʣʮ˸һʧ˰˸ʿʹݵһҲҪʹˡ
żػһʼһçײڵʿһͷż֮У˲ͱ˺Ƭ
ʿǡÿһĻЩʿҲֻܹԹԵĴ棬ʹżеıﴹߣʼղԽ׳ذ벽
Ϳ󷨲ɵ۾û˵ҲЩʿһֻܹԹԵĴ棬˵֮ȴϸĽ󷨣
Ź󣬼ʹϹʱҲǺպ󷨣ǧý⽣֪˶٣Уһʧһߴɱ
һΪ˸ڣݣˣţÿһڶȻͬӲͬڽĺҲȫһ
Ǹ˺ƬʿǴŽ룬˲
ҵ֮в¼˾ŹϢ֮¼
š룬ϡšɱšɱ룬ơ
ңͶԵˮ˵
磬ʲô̫Եһ
˵Ҫ˵ע⡣˵
룬ӦˡͿ૵
ͽ֮УӲӵĹĻȴûжκε˺Ͳɵ˿˶˹Ļ֮У
ɡ͵˵
Եˮԥһỹǽ˹Ļ֮У
ֻǰľɫһ䣬֮ھȻһ۸ӵС·
СģҪߣһߴ󷨾ͻһɱɱᵤڵʿһص˵
Ź֮Ȼһģڲ֮ʱ֮ȴԽôļţһߴٲ
Ǹң˵
ȫǰеļص·ߣһһǰƶ
ų۾һ
ٴӿ룡
䣡ֻǰɫһ䣬Ǵ۸ӵԹѾʧǰһ̻Ի͵Ĵ
ԭ㣡ڵϵ񳤷۾Ķˡ
ǡҲû뵽Ȼ˱Ƚż֮С
񳤷һ㵨ӲСȻɱҵӣ
ǧƽ̵ˣɫһ䣡
ϵ򽻳һһȫʬ񳤷һ
ЦһֻƭС𣿡
ô񳤷ٵѹ˲˳
ɫһ䣬ȻͲµ񳤷ǿֲʶˣһٵʿʱͻβסĵľ
⣡ԵˮһǰסΣ
ٵʿѹԱڵʿ
Ψһ񳤷ѹ
ŶСеŵΪͿԿһٵʿ𣿡񳤷ϵɱһ
ҡҡͷڵʵƴҲĶ֣ԴӼһ̿ʼҾû׼㶯֣
񳤷ɫ˲٣һǷˣ
˭֪ͻһתҪȺŹ
Сӣһ
һֱˮڻСӳ죬ƺһݹĲ
鲻Сȴҵ˵ϣ弱ٵͣ
ϾԳͣ񳤷
ǴｫϢɢȥ˰ҡҡͷǲôģʵټСڵʿԱ
Сӿɲ񳤷еľֻͽȭͷȥ
СһȭԽʯķ飬񳤷Ӳӣ
񳤷һ͹ӵĳնһֲĽâ
Ʒ۾һ
ϿνһףΨһƷҲëȸˣ񳤷еƷ־ڱصá
񳤷âСӵֻðһǣСӵëû˵
ϾԳķ̫ǿ󣡡񳤷а
Сӵķͺ⣬һ뵽ֻëȸëȻɵĴ͸Сӵ壬;̲סһս
𣡡һСӶûд񳤷磬ɰСӸˣ
񳤷ͬһһޱȣȻСӵķСҲκβ
ͣСӵȭͷͻȻ쭳һѪ
СӾȻˣ
񳤷һϷ浽ɣĵƾֻϾԳĻôˣ
һֻһɶ೤Ľâ̴Сӵ֣
໣Сʹ໽У
ˣңɫޱȵѿ
񳤷һЦĿͣϷϲľǿЩΪǵС¶ֲ˼飡
飡СӱͻĹɨɣ޴صˤ˵ϣ
ǧƽ̵ɷ޵Σ񳤷Цһ
񳤷һ׹ޣ
ϵƷ͵ûһѪɫ
Ʒǧƽ̵ɷ¼֮Ƿ񳤷Цһ
ܣһٵʿôʹֻнᵤʿʹõķͺ
֪ϹʱڵķʹʿҲʹãַΪűֹű񷨱һڣϾԲκη񳤷Цһ
ֻԼĺһͷסһ˭뵽һǧƽ̾Ȼðһűűһս˲ı䣡
ԼһǿСҲԷ£ûʲôܹ񳤷еĹű
񳤷Цһȥɣ
޶͵Դ
磡ԵŭһһԹӴ񳤷磬ˮгһ澵ӣֻһ񳤷硣
߹¾ô˫Ҳˣ񳤷Цһ
ֻһϣ飡
ƷҲҺ͹ű棡񳤷Цһ
׹˲Եˮ
飡
飡
˵ɳײ˹֮ϣ֪
Եˮ˺ѷεĺ
𼱣ܿҲȥ񳤷Цһ
ޣһ
飡ͻĺӰȻ񳤷
ǿ񳤷а
ԷȻҺӲӲô³Ժòȥ
ܣ񳤷翴޾Ȼĵ͵ǰ
𣡡еĻѪһɫĵâ
ű񳤷ɫһ䣬һ׹⵲ס˵â


161 սת
űһ㶣
񳤷һϲһڵʿйűֱǱֻҪħ֣ʱоűݻ˭Ķ֣
ű񳤷һһֱ۴ֵĵֱͣ
𣡡ҲʾеĻѪһɫĵâ׵ݺݵײһ
񳤷¶Цݣ޵ĵâֵƬ̣ͱ׹ɢ׹޵֣
ʹ֮µһɣѪֶ
񳤷һϲһֻֽѪץУ
űһűڹűϣҾһȫʬ񳤷Ц
ңû뵽޾Ȼ׵ıܣٵʿȻͨʿܹģο񳤷ϻһȼƷҪǿĹű
񳤷ɫ͵һ䣬ѪϾȻһɾ޴ʹѪڲѣ
ùħ񳤷ǿѹסһǽƬھѪͿ˲٣ѪĵϸֳһѪƣ
Ͳ֪񳤷緢ʲô飬ϵ˼񳤷ʵ̫ǿ󣬸йű֣͸ûлᣡ
񳤷Զе޷£͵һս֮
񳤷̸ף⼸ǲܵ飡
ףһ͵Ժһ
ѹ»Ѫ񳤷;һޣ
ˢˢͻȻðһʵĹâ
С񳤷һֻ
һ׹񳤷羪ȵ׹⾹ȻֱӲŴ͸ɫĹâֱӻ͵壡
ۣ͵屻޴ɣһѪ˳
ǿ׵֮͵ںֱײ
ǿʹ飬˲ڵ׵綼յĸɸɾ
֮ǰҲǿӲ˵ϵ˺ͣ
ɫĹâ˲佫ްһ񳤷ֻϴһɾ޴޾Ȼֵļ
񳤷һעУƾǿԿһĪ
ৣһɫĹâ
񳤷ɫһ䣬ϵȻɱӣѹƲˣ
񳤷ҲƲס˲֣
ڿתһȦ֮󣬻䵽͵У
Ĺ񳤷ɫޱȵѿ
Ͳ˲ǵѪе޲¶һ˿Цݣ㻹Ҫ𣿡
СȻҲ֪ζҵޣΣڵΪʹҲҵĶ֣񳤷粻м˵
һֱԵˮߣ˻Ϣɵ˿˿һöѪյ֮Żعͷ񳤷磺
Сڳԣ񳤷ƺЦһ㣬һڵСȻҵ˵Ҫɱ
񳤷еĳϹâʢûޣһƷҪ͵
Ϳ񳤷еĳЦһעֵĸë֮У
ৣ
ৣ
һɫĹâˢ񳤷еĳԤ׵ķɳ͵У
ҵǽ񳤷ɫһ䣡
ֱʱע⵽͵ϾȻĸëɫĹâǴĸë֮зġ
񳤷ƺ뵽ʲô쳣أеĶĻôǾ춯صĴڣ֮ᵤڵĿܶԵ΢
񳤷粻׵ǣһڵʿУ
񳤷̰ɫʹûзҲܹƾΪѹסڵʿ
ֻһͨڵʿĻҲĻᱻѹƣ֮˿ʿ֮£񳤷ڲ÷¾ѹסȻǲܵ飡
οﻹһƷһűСӺ޵İ
ϣһ׹ʢһڴֵ׵񳤷磡
𣡡ɨɵСҲվ񳤷һȭ
𣡡޵۾ҲˮɫðɭȻĺһ˱ǹ񳤷磡
񳤷ɫһ䣬ʹǼٵʿҲӲ˶Ĺ
飡׹񳤷ܣ
񳤷һЩϵȴӲס׹⣡
ٵʿǼٵʿܵķ֮ǿ
̫񳤷һСӵȭͷӿ˹ȥ
ССģɫһ䣬ٵͬСɣʹСҲס
䣡ͻȻһɺɫĻס񳤷Ȼ£
𣡲ǣǺҵ𣡲ԣСӵıΪ˹죡񳤷󾪣
ʿܹ۳𣬵ȻлһЩ۵ЩҪʿ۳ǿĶ࣬һЩʿܹЩԼڣıںһγɸǿ
γɵ󣬼ʹǼٵû
ҲֻһӵɵǺҵ
ϵȻкҵϢȴǺҵ
񳤷һ
ϼһǿɫһ䣬Ȼѹˣ
Ȼʱ޵ıǹҲˣ
ɭȻĺ񳤷һ飡
񳤷粻òֳһֵס޵ıǹһֱʹúò׽ƵȻ޴棬Ǳѹƣ
𣡡Сӵȭͷ£
飡񳤷͵һһϸСƣ
СӼһȭûкһȭ
飡һ񳤷ϵҲ֧Ųס񳤷Ǳһȭɣ
񳤷ǿҲһ࣬ǿȸͲܺСϹһȭûк
ȿȿȣ񳤷ȻûϵĹͷС飬ڵϴڴڵѪ
ʤ֮䣡񳤷Ķ˵
ñɵֶȡķΧ͵ıǿ͵춨ʤ֣
͵ʤ֮ˣȻ϶
϶ƺϵëȤ֪ⶫʵ
֪񳤷ͷһŤ
֪һһ΢׵񳤷֮Уһ׵粻ȴ񳤷ڲϵܣָоҪѹ
ö񳤷粻ϵİţ
Ҳҵģ㵽˵˵Ȼٸһѻ𣡡ͺ
˵˵Ѿ׵ڵȥ񳤷ﻹҲ˵
񳤷ûй׵ܵζʵ̫ʹ࣬ٵʿܣ
˵ɣ⵽Ǻָеĸë
ë񳤷˵
㻹һкâһ϶Ȼˣ


162 ż
𡭡𡭡񳤷缱æе
㻹˵һ
ûв´ĻӦϹʱڵĶɫ⡣񳤷˵
ɫ⣿ʲôüͷ
˵ɫݶûм֪񳤷ҲΪдеһЩŵ֪һ۰צ
ɫϹʱںųǿͨʥĶͨųﲻˢֻҪ֮ھӲɫһˢһޱȵͨ
񳤷ĽͲɵüͷɫ˵Ļôֻëȸϣ
أѵֻʥһ˻𣿡ʵ
񳤷ҡҡͷһҲϾϹʱڵ飬֪һϢѾܲˡ
񳤷ĻǰŰɣ֪ĸëҲˣȻеɫ⻹ûд˵еﲻˢĳ̶ȣűˢϧֻĸëҪֻܽȸβëȫĻɫܷӵ
һ뵽ǵëȸǿޱȵʵͷֲޣ뷨˲͵Ժʧĸɸɾ
˵Ҷ˵ˣһ񳤷˵
һЦһ
Ҫڣҿǰ֪Ķˣ˵Ҫһģ񳤷ŵĿ͡
Ҳǵ˵仰֪ٶķϣҵǿһ͵˵
񳤷ϲȴһ˿񶾵飬ֻҪܱסܱ
һȴϾеϣһָ񳤷Ŀ޻һһΪ֮
ҵĵ񳤷羪ֵĿ͡
ﱻ٣ҲζԺҲ޷һ˿۲
һ㲻浽ΪһŹɣһٵʿҿɵﲻ𣡡Цһ
㡭㡭
ԭǸ߸ϵļٵʿʧȥ֮ȴһ˶磬˴ķ񳤷νܣ
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㲻ɱң㲻ɱң񳤷羪ֵĿ͡
Ҳɱ㣬ҵĿܻɱ㣡һ
͵ָʾ£һȭ񳤷һ⡣
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ں󷨵ʿ͵ǲôģŹޱȣĻᵤʿնɱҪûʮ¸Ͳܣȵʱͽżеıﶼˡ
һսȻ񳤷ٵʿһʧҲСƷ𻵣ԵˮˣСӺҲв̶ͬȵˣԼҲòȥ
һսɫŤתսֵĻҲ׶༪١
֮ڴҩԵˮ˵Ҳõ߰˰ˣʿĹûͣҹĹҲûиһ˿ơ
ָĲ˰ɣǿԽżˡ˵
šԵ˵ͷ
Ȼھ֮Уʱڻ޷һٵĳ͵ϡ
Сһ㣬ż֮Ҳ֪ʲôΣաѵ
꣬꣡һ̤빬˹졣
꣬꣡ԽԽ٣
˺󣡡ɫһ䣬Եˮ˵
飡һɫӰ͵ײ͡
ͼæ޵ǰֻôϴһɾͽ岽ǿס壡
ʱͲſ͵ϮԼʲôһͷͨ׵ľǣһɶ೤
꣡ͷɫÿһֻᷢеһ죡
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һ׵ɫؿڷ֮ûκεЧ
Ŀܣ׵綼ƣа̾
ڿʧˣ͸Ͳ֪ζԸһͷܣͨʿĻһ촦ˣֻȴſûκεã
飡ǻһͣ
һһͷǽ룡
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飡ֻһ죬һȭǺɣһĽ
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Ȼǹ룬ǿ󣬵ûޣҵĹͷѾÿӿݵģؽڴҲд
Ĺؽڣоһһɴֵĵâ˿ԴͲӵӴǿ˲佫ǵԴɣ
ǵԴƺǶԴԴɿʧȥеĶһѷɢڵϡ
ͽЩƬôһƾȻͭȻǺͨϣһͷͨ嶼ֲ϶Ҳ㹻˵ģƺֲϣеĲͶʶ
˵ͽһѶȫս˴֮У
ףʲôڿǵԴ֮оȻһīɫһĶ
ֵĶǰûмˮĿеī
ҲûмԵʼ
ӦǺͿйϵ˵
ܴ˿ʹһ·ƹƹҵ֪ͣζԸЩ֮Ҳ˲٣޳
ЩǿܵʵҲͺһԲʿ൱ǼϵǹͲ֪ʹ֮ڵʿӦе鷳
ÿһ߿֮жһöīɫ飬һ·͵ĴѾռ˴ССʮö
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һǹȻȫģʱεȵݳޣ
νǴʯĽӲȺǿҪԶԶһȭͷСһۣοһȫɵĳǹ
ܸоǹû˿ҲζųǹǷǸոһǹȴһڵʿȫһ׿ܵʵֲ̫


163 ׿
׿ܵһǹ׻ɱһʿʹʿҲҪһѺ
׿ܱ֮ǰľǿҪѶԸĶ࣬ǿܵٶȻ쵫ȴȱԶֶ̹Σһ׿ȴֲȱһǹͶû㷴Ӧʱ䡣
ҽס׼ʱ乥Ĺؽڲλ˵
֪ˡԵ˵ͷ
ǽһƷţӦôͽǽԵ
飡
飡Ѿ׿սһ𣬲ཻ
ͱķɻҲ˳׿ܵͶ乥͸ܿ
Ϳÿ׿Ͷǹʱ򣬶һĶȻѸ͵Ͷȥһǹ᲻ɴݡ
Ͷ䣬һʿǼܵģʿҲһѺ
ǣ˵ΨһҪı׿ܰͬʱĶһ˫
ǹѾԭʧ׿ܵ
Ҳֻиɵ۵ķݣҪٴͶ䣬õǹڰһȦС
޲׿ܣҲ׿ܻͻȻ
ͶڷɻѾʮֵ졣
һۻҵܣͽƵת
Ȼ׿ܵٶȱȲϾǿܣǣЩɵܲܺʿһ֪ﳤֻ̣ܶһЩжһͷʿĿܣʮԡʿȥٿǣǲź׼ս
ڲ׷͵ʱԵˮҲûţһϵĴ׿ܵж
ֱ۴ֵĺסһѴ˺ѿֱʵס͵ײǽɳľޱ׶ײϣҲ΢΢һѡ
޼᲻ݵĿֲսɥ͸ǲͬһطͣƬ̣ǻһްֵһ£ͻûӺ׿ܽ
ץס׿ܵĿյ͵Ĵ׿ұ۹ؽڣ
׿ܵ͵һ𣬾ݵĿյһȭ׿ܵͷ
ˣǿ׿һġ
һȭûн׿ܵͷ򱬣ͲɾÿϧϻǲСӣһȭǻСĻܰ׿ܵͷƬˣϧں񳤷һսУСֱǽ̴òȻԸЩ׿ﻹҪô鷳Сһȭ͸㶨ˣ
ˮҪͣסжʹһ׿ܵͷ­һޡ
ˮϵٶҲʮѹ׿ܵϡ
׿ܻǿô෨ѹžȻжԵеǽϽɫ˽ɫĹâ
Եһһ˶Ľâ͵Ļ׿ܵͷ­
飡׿ܾȻһâɣӲλǱһС飡
ɵúãʹϲе޶ȱĵطһޣ
ޱǹűͬСɣ׿ܲϳһԵƣһƻڲϵӵ˼ϣ
䣡޵һȭΪѹյһݣ
׿ܵͷ­˲ѣ
һȭͷҪī˳
ͼ֮ǰСīȻ֪īʲôôضǺͿܵйϵ
ȵǽŴĸ񣬸ϵһ޴ĸͼδŵޡݡޡ֣ڸԭ֮໥ɱ
Щͼϵޣ󲿷ֶûмֻмһڹżмڸСӵӰӡ
ż״˶갡ͿЩа̾
żƺǧƽмصô򵥡
ЩϹʱڵ𣿡ԵŸϵ΢΢̾˿֮п̻޶Ż֮ܣЩ޶ŵʿǿޱȣɽͲڻ£Щ˶Ǵ˵еĽᵤʿԪӤʿ
˳һ빬һʼ׿֮⣬һ·ǾȻûκεĵֿƽ͸Ӳ
ͿͷϵһϲҪҵһЩϹʱڵĵҩҲһ޴ջ
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һɸߴĹͭɫֳͭһ˶ͭǹİڵ֮ڣ
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ܿ죬㷢ʱ龪һͭ׿ܲж
ԵˮҲǺĿһͭ׿ܣһżǻǵһοôĴŵĿܣ
Ȼ̾˿
һ֮ͷһͭ׿ڲûīƺīǿܵĺġ
һͭ׿ս֮Ͳſʼڸϰ˴ССƿ涼עŵҩƣǶЩҩȴһ֪Ҳһʦˣ֪ĵҩϹʱڶУѾʧĵҩˡ
Щҩ֮ͺȻפյյֵҩ
˷ܵĴƿƿʱȴ֣ƿ֮оȻǿտҲ
һڶҲ
ԵˮǱҲǣ֮еƿȻǿյģ
˵֪Ϊһ⣬˭֪֮װĶʯͷ
פյյˮϧ˵
Ů˵ഺʹһ޴ջȻ˥ҪȷĶ࣬ǲ˥ϡ
ЦЦģֵҩĵһƳ
ô˵ˮ¶Цݣ˵ģɲڡ
ȻᡣЦ
Ȼĵ̫򵥣ͲҩֻҪԸⳢƳҲƭˮ
ȷ֮ûκмֵĶ֮뿪˵
ͷ͵һԼǱ˿һǵʶųȥʱȴûзκε쳣
ѵҶˣ૵
飡͵һ
ͿŲϻζĴɵüͷʿѾƴˣټָͳŲסˣ⻹ѼٵʿУǸɵļٵʿֵĻһ춼Ųס
ٵʿô׳ֵģҲǼٵʿ󲿷ֶһ֮׳
ͻ㹻ʱ䣬ͱڶʱҵҪҵĶҪǱЩʿͽżϴһգضŹ
·˼ͷ׿ܣƾż˵ϣ⼸ͷ׿ܶƬҲõ˴ĲϺͼȭͷСī
ಣ
ಣ
ಣ
ಣ
ͻȻĵӰ˵ǰ
ܣɫһ䣡
һεĿܾȻǽɫģңͷܵҲǳǹǽ
һȾ޴ţ𽣿ƺһĴڡ
ĵܵĶһͬһʱ̳еĳ
ͼæ޵ֵ
ۣһѪ˳
סˣȴϵѪ
ǿˣͷ֮ܺǰȫһͺ


164 ܴս
ӵйű;Ȼͷ׿ܵһ
ߣǿѹԼƣѸʧȵľͷ
磬û°ɣԵǵĿŲѪ͡
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ⲻǣͷ׿̫ܵǿˣжĹűٵʿҲһͷ׿ܵĶ֡̾˿
ô죿ˣԵʵ
ֻܵʿ󷨽ˣƾ˵Ҳͷ׿ܵĶ֣΢΢̾˿˵
һˣȡᣬĸ׿ֿܲܵΪҪõűı˵ðգοѾõһƷһȼƷҪǿĹűϴõջѾḻˡ
ҸطЩʿƴ֮ٻС˵
󷨱Ƶһɲҵʱ򣬻Ҳѷ֣֮ĶҲ±ҵǡ
׿Ҳû׷ϹҲһ׿׷ĻǵĴ¼Σա
һ䣬ԼϢⷿ
󷨵ʿĹҲԽԽңŹĻζҲԽԽң
飡ͻȻһâڴ˺һӣɫӰ˲˽˲ָԭ״
ǿ󷨣ʿǿ˺һСڣʯɽ˵
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Ѻγԣ֮ǰԼƾ£ʯɽЦ
һڵ˭أȥ
ʯɽҡҡͷҲȥż֮ƺʲôڣóóȻȥ»Σգǵ˶һȥȽϺá
Ϊ꺢ͯһһ˴֮С
飡
䣡
֮вϴıըͽ
ޣ
ߵʯɽЦЦʲô
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ɲô˵ҿѹΣգԼӲҪȥʯɽЦ
ܣ浽ǿܣЩܴͿܣʵǿҲ൱Բʿǵǹ룬е鷳˵
ʯɽ˵ͷȽҲûʲôô˵֮жֿܵĻ⿿ǽȥģֻеʿˣǲлᡣ
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ȥҪǲʯɽһǰһƬܶƬһȳ˴֮У
飡ʯɽеĳ·ɣͷͿնƬ
ɧ۾ͨĿܣͶһҲ֪ʲôʱðôĿܣ
˲֪һ󷨱ǿƿżڵĿܾͻԶĹżʿͺ񳤷綼ǰ·ͼ߽ģżڿܲûжչǼͷܲεİˡ
䣡
䣡
ʿͿܵս˰Ȼ״̬
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ͻȻͨڷɳǹᴩʿţʿĶǽϣ
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׿ܴͨ˳ǹڿתһȦ֮һλصǵУ
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죡ͷ׿ܣͻȻ˺
ʯɽһâ׿ܵĹǿܿƵĻһʿ
ܲҹɷҪˣһֻ޴ĺǺ׿ܡ
飡ֻһ죬׿͵ĺ˼
еŵ׹ǵЦһ
ˣʯɽЦһһɫĽâն׿ܡ
飡׿ܾǹסһâ
ϹŽ޵Ľâô򵥾ܽסģʹҲӲסһ׿еǹϳһƣһƲϵǹȻˣ
ݰ׹ǵЦһ
ƣֻһɰ׹γɵСɽ׿ѹ档
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ɽׯĳԣ
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Խ֮һǰ
ԻǰСЩţͿ׿ת˲䱻а̾
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Ϲŵҩʿ˵һ޴ջ󣬼ʹʯɽּٵʿҲ⣡
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ϵĻҳļʮԣȻǸնãȻ֮ǰż֮У
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˭˭Щҩ˺
Ҫ֪ԼĪıһڹĻҲ֪θ룡
𣡡һĳ̴һڷ䵹ʿţ
꣡
ͣ
꣡λεĳ
Сģʯɽһ˵
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ֻ׿ܴһţİѳͻصǵУ
ʯɽһն£
ʯɽֻûһ飬еĳһֶ
ǿʯɽа̾һ
Ҳ֪ǺֲƳɣһȻһƶûУ
꣡׿նһλʿ
֮ǰ׿ܾѾ鷳ˣ׿ܱ׿ܻҪǿʯɽκǲã
λѣҪ֣ܲһ㣡ʯɽһص˵
벻ݰҲˡ׹ǵЦ
Ҫ㲻õıҲԲ֡ʯɽƳ˰׹ǵһۡ
ˣҲˣǰĽ׿ܲ¡ҡҡе˵
ǣӰһͷ׿ܣʣǽս
һԪһڰһͷ׿ܣ
콣Ҳһͷ
ɷҲһͷ
˲ͷ׿ܾͱĴɹϷ֡
ɷŵİ׹ǵЦһͿ̵̲ˣ
˵ʹµǰѰ
ɱ
Ĵɷֱɱ˽׿ܣ


165 в
ĸɸԽһͷ׿ܣڸԼٵֵĴºͽ׿չ
׿ܵʵҪԶԶ֮ǰ׿ܣȻҲһͽչűͻսͷС
̵ģаţսһȭɫܵϣȻûκεЧ
սɫһ䣬սΪɽׯϴׯһΪ춯أʯɽһǼٵʿʿκβһ׿ܣ׿ܵʵδҲֲ̫һ㡣
ͻȻһаɵĳײ˽׿ܣ
ͷϵĶײ˽׿ܵĸ
׿ܽ˼һն˳ԵͷҪһˣʹǳҲҪ촦
žΣ壬β͵ĳ˽׿ܣ
¡׿ܾȻ˳ȥײ˼֮
ԺǿɽׯޡһЩɢ޸̾
벻ǣⱻԳɵĽ׿ܾȻһԿɽʯһûκε˺ۣ
ǿĿܣսаľ׿ܵǿԤ֮⣬һ뵽ǿĽ׿ܼʱսһȣ
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ƴһȭ׿˿û˲׿ܸͲÿ־ΪеĽ𽣶ɷħһ

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콣ɵͻԪһڵʯɽǿĽâϳâˣ
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Ϊͷ׿ܱǿĽâɵʱɫӰֱʯɽ
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飡׿һ٣
ݵͣȴһֱŵʿץס˻ᣬ˲ķͷ׿ûĽƲϵĴڽ׿ܵϣ
׿ܸվͽŵ¾ͳɳ岻ϵݣ
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ᣡ׿еĽ͵£澹Ȼһ޴ѷ죬İɳ˲ʧЧ
Ľ׿۾һͻȻðһ⣡
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Ѿǵһμʶ˹ˣʱѪ˪ƾ˰ǴθЮԵˮ
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ͽʶУһöһŹתĽ⡶תǵҵľžȻһֱԵڣҲֻһЦᵤڶһοǻأ
ڶöܵǿлһЩƿܵķ˵ҲеôϾż֮ȡ˴ĿܲкҪܽЩ޲Ҳһ
öǼһЩϹʱڵţ˵ûõһöԸһöһƷ


169 
ͽϵĶ򵥵һ֮ķзȥ
ԵˮţֻҪٵʿ޵Ҳ˳ͻΧ
бҪԼϵĶһˣɱ˲ٵʿǴϾжʮ֮жһЩķԼԼжٵķ
Щƽʱòռطֿϧȥлһʯ
ҾլȻľУʱǰľеʱֻһСʿʮһѾһλʿò̾޳
ļǵãʱɱλСˣһɱˡ
ľֻһС͵ķУҲֻǶһЩƷˣʹľСͷҲܳԵ¡
һ˽ȥ
һλСʦҪʲô
˳ƺߵľֻзˣߵķ֮żҲһЩˣЩΪһЩӵĹȡ΢룬Ϊľǵõһ˿ϣ
㶫͵˵
õģ롣С˹˵
Ϸİأ֪кζҪۣĸȻһļǮһͷ׻ͷ˵
˲Ϊһ¾ͿߵΪڰʮңʲôĻ
ͼʿǼʶʿͬһõĳ棬Ƕͨʿ˵ѣ죬ʹܽͻһƿҲһܶȹ٣кܴһʿ֮¡
Ҳ˵ֱӽϣٷʮƷ
İش򿪴һ㶣һۣȷҪ
ȻЦЦ˵
İһһĽһ顣
ѣһʮƷǳĵԼ۸Ҳ̫ߣ˰ʯһ۸Σİ˵
͵˵ͷͨĻƽļ۸ʯңķȻƽҪߵһ㣬˰ٿʯļ۸ҲǺ
ʮΪʹǧ˰ٿʯɱ˶ᱦȻ¸֮·ֻ˼ƷƷôջЩʿһҲ׬ʯ
ʯͱ뿪ĸİЩʲôͲ֪ҲںѾǸСʿˣǧʯҪزصġ
İҵٵʿԸȻһжǰ״
ľ֮ת˼ȦûʲôҪĶ֮׼뿪
һֵľͷһӣ˳ָķͿһª̡
;̲ס뵽֮ǰڵļʶȻ֪ԼǱˣ
е˼Ȼġ΢΢һЦ̤֮С


һͷ׵߹Űһ鲻ϵôÿһôܴһ˿ʣôǧ֮һȭͷСˣ
ʿͫһȻڵΪߺʿһڵʿȻһ棬һ˾ȡ
̧ͷһۣ
͵˵ͷʲôķ
üͷһ壺ֻҪõóϣҾƣϹĻƷҲó
ͲȻߺôĿƷķ˵ܹƼƷʹƳҲʹȻ
߿ƺһž߰ɡ
ͿЦһ߻ƺͦ󣬲Ͳ⣬ܹĲϲһͷʬ壬ʹʬȡһƬݸߡ
üͷǽӹһ׶Ƭ
ޣģһץס͵ļ򣬼ʵ
ޣǰûϴɣһ㶣
ûϴԲϴҼĶˣǼʹǶƷ޵ƬҲûֹͶȣһޣĲж٣ֻҪṩֲϣ߼˵
ͲɵĿЦһĵ˵ޣͺͷͲޣݶޣߵĹʶ
ǰǲǸˣ֮ڿɴû˵ʲôޡʵ
ڻҵ۹ˣüͷһ
ǣǣֻǾеְˡڨڨЦ
˵ָѾﵽ޵ĵزȴûн׵֣һЩ޷ʳĵر쳣ԣĵطпܳ޿󣬼ʹҲɱ߽͵
͵˵ͷﵹһ㣬ǰƶٷ
ǾҪжˣһƬ۵ĻҿһƷ۶ܣһǧƬĻƳһƷ۶ܣһƬĻоųɵİƳƷ۶ܡ˵
һƬͳһɣһƬۡ
һҲֻ˵˵ϾҪõôƬǲܵ飬͵Ӱ˾ô࣡
У϶УóѰƣ߼ĳ͵·˵
ͿЦſ˿·Ų¡
ʶԼķǶôС
£ϴһֻϳһѷ죬ѷ첻ϵһ¥ݳǰ
һ޴ĵң
洢ϵĵطﹻˣֱӽĲóɡ߼Ŀ֪ͣ˻ΪȤء
ðɣװŴӴóʵǴ飬һɵʬص˵ϣ
¶˾顣
ȻľһȭͷСѪǺȣֱ΢
ޣȻޣֻһܽˣ߾ǸԼĺһ壡
۶ܣʲôأƤǣݺҲƲķֻźβͣһķˣ߲ͣš
㷨ⷨ²٣Ͼռ˲ٵƣϾһǧټƵĿ˿۲ϣһߵĳͲһ
ǰƤʲôһͷˮ
ƤҲϺõϣѵõƤûʲôˣôƤڼסϼʹƷҲ㲻ã˷ܵ˵
׵ҿһǱޣƷ˵
͵˵ͷȻڵƷҲôǿԸˮԵãԽǿʿİԽԵӾڵƾһӲǺͼٵʿò£


170 ɷ
Ϳ߲ϵʬȥɵһ㶣ȻʦӵӰӣ
ǰţʵ
һ֮ʲôţϷһ֮УֻϣһƳԼķˡһߴʬһ߻ش
Լһʱֹ߲ͣ˶ġ
ṩ˺õĲϵķϣϷԼϰⷨϲ˵
ҲǵһμֲҪǮϵʦһ뵽λߴ޽һжпԭÿ֮ǰԼִʦִҵһ˼̳Լǰλϣ֮ǰƳķ
ͲƭΪĸܵߵѸٵʧ״̬ʦҲߵ״̬Ҳֻܼҡ
֮Ҳƣûȥһ֮ƭһͷʬûôģϾɫޣѪƻꪣѪ˵ȹűзѾķˣϾ߾ҲƳ޻Ҫǿķ
ͷƳҲֻǷǷͱ֮ĲԹ
һµʱ䣬Ϸһµʱ䣬ϷܹƳ춯صķ
⻰˵ģƺϣԼܹһµʱ䡣
΢΢̾˿ȫĶͶ뵽֮еߣʬ֮뿪
ţ˸ңһ;üͷһ壬һʶȻһֱ
ԲΪвмЦһ
Ϊ˲Լʿװµڷת˼Ȧ֮߳ľУ
ӦҪ˰ɡа
ͻȻʮöС˳
Цһִһһ罫ʮöС򴵵һߣ
ϵ㣡ЦеĿλ͵ϮԼʿ
Ҳϵ㣬ɱһ
ЦЦĴҪɱңҲ׻ɱ
һɺԣҾҪΪ𣡡ߺ
ԭѹʮ˶Цһ
ߴһһӲӵķ͡
εҡҡͷ˫ָһоͽУɫĻ˲ڣһӲӵķΪһ̲ˮ
ɫ䣬ֻʿյ߲ţһʮǰֻʿתһͳ˸߸ϵʿ
ԲΪ֪ͻƵѶȣʹѾԲľͣʮ꣬ʼն޷һ
ҲţҲţȥߴһ
һ㲻ţǾȥ
һöȭͷСĻߵ壬ɫĻ˲佫߰Ƭ֮߾ͱճ˽̿
ΪҪԸһԲʿʵ̫򵥡
һȤûУϾһԲʿʲôıֱӽϵĴȡ֮;ֱҾլ
ʱǲɢͣլһȷľʱǻСϵĻʹΪܹͻͽҲѾӵʿԽ棡
ףҾլôˣüͷһ壬ͨʶҾլ֮дˣһ٣
ԵˮڸʲôԵüͷһ塣
Ũصɷ׷ʲô飿ͷһ
ͽ䵽ҾլʱԵˮæͣͣԼЩ˵֮С
ô£ʵ
磡Եϲ
͸ˮҲͣͷĹ
ô£Ϊһصɷʵ
ԵҡҡͷҲǻصҵʱͿһˣ϶кصɷǽһҽӵ˾լ֮УŬ޷ϵɷС֮гҲԽԽ࣡
üͷһ壬Եе֮ǰҵĹܼңźˣû뵽ǾȻ顣
ͷֳһ֮УԽüͷԽ
ɷ̽鵽ĵʱȻޱϤĶ
ɷ˵Ƕ˵֣Եɫһ䡣
Ӧǣɷе㲻ͬɷʹ䣬õǹ룬־壬û֢״Ӧ˸ɷͳһ
˭ѪͯѾӦû˶ɷ֮ˡԵ˵
ҡҡͷԶҪСߣȻɷķֻѪ֪ͯ˶ɷһЩ棬˸ЩɷóɷƷҲǲܡ
ô죿ѵĿȥˮۺġ
̾˿취
ɷͷʹĵطǻὫеľۼڵ֮УγһɷһɷЩҩԪ˾ͻȥʹǰȡɷҲ
ұκǣ͸ǵ˭ɷۼʶɷĿֲͺҩĽ
ҾլΧתһȦΧˮԴܲ۷̥ʲôǶ˵ȴԲˮ֮оȻðһɺ
ӳһСЩһС˲ͱ
ˮ¶üͷһ壡
أͻȻԺڴһХ
ãɫһ䣡
ЩԭֵĵͻȻ֮ޱȿ񱩣Ĺǰκζ
͵ӰЩ֮дֹסЩ˵ж
ͣˮһʱ죬ֻ˸첲
Сģһæѹסˮ˿ڣ
ʱˮ˵ĵطȻںڣһɷϵĳײţͼʱѹסһɷʹ˵֮У
Եɱǣʹȵ
ǣǡ
ûõģѾˣھʬ⣬ɱǣͺ
Եҧҧһķ˲佫Щַմڵһصɷ
ˮתԿɷԲĵ˵
ţˮ˵ͷʱͷǺˮ
һֻϳһ˿ϸС׹⣬һɷ˿׹֮Լٶš
ŵ㣡˵
û£ҳŵסˮɫޱȵĲ԰ס
ڣһɷ׹Ĺɢˣ
͵ɫȴû˿ĻͣζɷһεĵֱһεĻҪֲһֻУϵɷͻ뵽ڣΪµĵ֣
ߣﲻܶˣȥľУ˵


171 ׶ݣ
һصĿŴ⣬ɷһγָʹ˼ĳΥ͵ʽȻգһԭеĻϼԸĽЩͬɥʬһ㣬ҲΪǵͬࡣ
ͲѾжٷ˳ΪɥʬһǿԿ϶ģһεֵҪ¼Ķࡣ
ǧɽϹżҲһ䣬ԪһӮңʯɽż֮ѹѪȼٵʿƷһűǵõһűɽ
ȻҲն񣬵ǺͻԪһȾμˡ
ǧƽҲ˵ŭ֮¸ʵǴһʼӦϵһ֮ݶԿѻʯ
ͻɱ񳤷ٵʿǧƽ̾㲻ܳưݣƾżеıҲռһϯ֮أôҡ
ľеȴʱ֮УͽϵõϸĶһ飬֮вϵǼһ׶֮ʩչ˻Ϊһ׹⣬˲Ϣǧ֮˿ħѪ֮
һʱͽеľ⼸ŷ֮ϣͻԼѧķȫӡݣԵˮһŷΣյʱͶһݻᡣ
µʱ;ͳŷ˾˵ٶԼеԾϾϵǿ֪֮ӦľѶȣҲֻʿ˳ϵ
Լֻλʹϱߣ
ѲǱˣͺ˼
ÿ֮µͻżеõöϸжһתΪȻ֮Ϊһ׵Ĺ˴רõķ󲿷ֵҪᵤڵΪʩչרõķҲҪᵤڲơ
ʹתļֵҲǲɹħŵġѪħҲȲϡ
һöſҲ˽⵽һЩڿܵĻ֪ʶżеõīʵǻʯƿܱزٵĶ˵ܵĺġ
ʯԽƳĿܵʵԽǿܵжҪʯΪһͷͿܾҪһƷʯڽ׺׿ҪƷʯ
Ͳɵ̫ѨܵʵǿҲһʯҲ˻ò
һöϹŵȫǵˣص޷ǾϹʱĸ޳Ϊң·ʿ׷׳Ʒһͷޣֻ˭˭˭Ƴ˿ֻʲôĵر
ö֮ȴ˹ݵ飬Ϲʱ޵Ϊʢʱħ֣Ϲʿ𷴿ħʵǿϹʿڽڰˣʿϹʿŷΪʤΪսȴӴû䣡
ͷһݾȻϹʿħսս
ʲôħ壬ʲôʿȫһͷˮ
磬ʲôطʵ
׿е˼ߵ˴ǰʱȥƵôˡ
һµʱѾȥһ룬Ѿмˡ
Ϳʱ򣬷ϣһµķ¯֮Уеϵôţ
ʱѾ˹ؼʱ̣Ҳ֪ܴǾ;վһԣȴ깤
ֻߴ֮зɳϣЩ֮ڻûһöķСӡ֮У
ˣһâ
ˣãѾ˼⡣΢΢һЦȻոƳɹķƷײ
߽ʹ˺ãɵķȫ߷
۶ܣһƬܶ࣬Ƴһ漫ƷټϷĻϷһĴָСĸ۶ܼӲޱȣˣҷޱȣзԽס˶ܵĹ˷ܵ˵
͵˵ͷҲû뵽߾ȻƳ˼Ʒ۶ܱһһ滹Ҫãƣе޴澹Ȼûһ˿ĺۼ
űϻйű۾һ
͵˵ͷðˡ
ЦЦóףƤƷƤһദһۼǿƤ״һоԲӰж
ոɵצӡƶɣƷһӡȥԿɽʯ˵һһƳһ׷ɽһƳа飬ƳɸһʮǱޡ˵
ЦЦǰʦȻƳƷ
ЦЦṩĲϺãͷ֮ǰ˺õϣҲˡ
ݱ֮ͱص˿ջԵˮ˽֮󣬾ͽƤ׷ָǡ
ƷƤףǴ档˵
ԵЦЦȻѾֲˣǿһóƷ̲סһ
УһöצӡҲǣ˵
лл͸磡ˮЦ
͵˵ͷݲƽҺԵϸǴħŵӡǣħʱпҵţǲ˿и
ףһڼġ
ţҲǣҲ͸ĺȵġˮ˵
¡ͻȻľΧһ
ľ⶷üͷһ塣
ŷٲŸ֮ʱ˾Цһ
ħ̫ȻҰٲţŷ
ϻ˵ڣ˾ֵķɽȥ
˾ķɽȻ˳ȥ
û°ɣŮӵǵʵ
ãˡŷ̾˿˵
ߣŷӸŮҾǸŮһ·˾гһö׶ӣ
ͷ׶ȥ˾Цһ
ֻͷ׶һâ˲ŷǰܵĻᶼûУ
ŷıĿ֮ʱͻȻŷĵһסŷģ۶ܻǰסͷ׶
ͣ˾ɫ䣬żλٵʿѾݣҲû뵽Ȼһطͣͺħ֮ĶԹһӦӣ
һӵ𣿡
˻ھ֮еŷģ׹һ˲˾ǰ
˾һ㶣ոջ;Ȼת֮ͳǰ⵽ʲôٶȣ
׶֮Ȼͬ졣̾һ
һµѹΪģչһƬƳ˶ͷϷīеڲͣ˸š
ϵ˾⣬ֿͷУ˻Ϊһݹ⡣

ٶٿ컹ܿĹ׵磬ֻһɴֵ׵˾壬˾ڿʧȥƽһͷ˵ϣ
ףһڴֵ׵˾壬˾ȻĲˡ
ɱһڵʿǺεȵֶΣ


172 VSѪ
ŷľȵĿͣȻǧɽżѾݣǵۼͬɱһ㽫һλڵʿնɱŷĻޱȵ𺳡
ڵʿʵʿûǿķ¸޷ԽսͶ˷ĻŷеľСһ㣬ȴǳֿȭоͽ˾նɱ
лǰ֮ŷ˵
ȻͬڵΪʵԶһǰеҲķڷ
͵˵ͷħŵΪλ׷ɱǣ
ŷɫһε̾˿ʵٲѾûˡ
һ˵ٲűħŻˣ
ŷɬĵ˵ͷ
ôܣٲΪ֮һʹħҲȫɱɡʵ
ҰٲȻԪһڼҴҵ󣬵ǺôҲһٵʿԱݣⲻ֪ħŵѪżеõһǿĹűһ֮±㽫ʦŷһ뵽Լɱ𣬾һĿɬ
Ͳɵüͷû뵽ѪȻôãż֮жҵһǿĹű
ٲǧӣͻΧ֮⣬ȫѣŷɬ˵
ŷĿͲɵҡҡͷǰ˴ħͼСĲֹҰٲһҡ
ŷĵһöһ
ٲһһѪƻ߸ħʿ͵ǰ
ħɱŷɫ䣡
ħɱͷҲǷͷʢ˵ֻҪǱ߸˶ϵĿ꣬ʹӵĺҲûá
ħɱΪߣһɫڣȴóϻ֮һסʹڵʿҲѳ
Ϳħɱһԩ·խ
Сǧ֮У˽ͱƵ·µţã˵ˣ
ͣѪһ
ҲǱɱĶ󣬽˳һˣѪЦ
ң𣿡Цһ
׶֮˲չֻ׹һѪһؿϾͳһӨĹӣѪһѸٵĸɱȥת˲ʧȥ
ħɱˣЦһβ˸ħɱ͵½Ƕûͱһһնɱ
ħɱΪڣ֮ǿΪһ׺ϻ󷨣Ѹײڶ֮Ѹնɱһˣ󷨲ƣԸڵʿ˵ټ򵥲ˡ
ħŵͲ˿֣ѾǲݵľˣʹͲǼƽϣħŵҲŹ
ŷĿնɱħɱǰλ˵ʵѾԶԶķ룬ǼٵʦҲˡ
ұϻػԪһڣǶкδ㣿Ϳһۡ
ͬɥ֮Ȯȥŷ̾˿˵
Ҳ֪Ӧ˵ʲôħŵȭԤеݼӭһδ󶯵ߴеİٲŶţħͼȻС
¡
ͻȻ·ǧܶһ㣡
ô£üͷһ壬ʶ˲˷Բʮ
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ɷľȻħţħŲ׼ֻãƺ׼Щķɾӣ
ߣҲ˲ŷŮķӦһǳľ֮У
Եˮ뿪ʹһ
ľڵʿҲ˷ĶѾΪʱɥʬѾľΧס֮идħʿ
ߣͲ˿ıűһſɥʬÿһ鱬ըܽһƬɥʬɾ
ԵеĽٵâɥʬ̴
צӡƽʱΪˮҲò飬צӡڿбһСɽСһӡȥɥʬҳ࣡
δҲֲ̫˰ɣŷĿˡ
յķͷһǾƷٲҪĽҲ֪˵ҪжĸԵܵõ˶ı
ǰһȻ֮ǰλߣʱλȴħΪΧҲڵΪħųϵΧȻ࣡
ৣһˢɫ⣬˲ˢħųеķ
ħųϴ󾪣û˷ǵʵ½һ룬͵ֵסߵĹ
߻ħų֮ɵߣû뵽⵵¡
ǰý黳ЦЦ
УϷӦ㣬һὫʱ㣡߰˵
һ֮ˣħŵƻˣȻòȥ
ǰȻػԪһ˵˵ز˾˵
Ҳãߵ˵ͷ
޾ɥʬһеķͣ
ɫĻ˲串˴ɥʬڻ֮дʧȥϢ
ߣ
ͬһʱڣţȺիڣɽׯ콣ɣԪһڶܵħŵĹֶһޣɥʬΪǰ棬ĸɵ˺ɽ
һʱ֮ɶħѹסˣ
ɱħⷽɱ죬ɷں͹ɷҲħɶȫĹ
СӣͽСӷ˳
ƾСӾ޴ǿ͵ӲɥʬȺпһ·
ÿӶһζĵâЩɥʬڵâ֮һĵ£նɱ٣ЩɥʬԴԴϵӿЩɥʬսǸͺĲ
ԪһڵСӣҵˣѪЦ
Ͷʱ⣬Ȼɷǣ
ۿžͿҪԪһˣȴѪˣ
ߣҵţͻȻֻͣпܵסѪ죬ֵᶼûУ
磡Һһ𣡡
ߣߣ˵ӭѪ죡
ŶйƣѪЦһɫĴնͣ
׹һ˲ƶѪ󣬾ӨĹӴѪ죡
ѪܴѪϾȻ˽ཻ죬ֺܴ̽
첻г׶֮ˣѪһһȭ˹ϣ
ֻûһ飬ֶ
ǿħ𣿡뵽
֮ǰѪͽ׿ӲӲĳҲ徹ȻԺͿӲӲħδ̫һ㡣
ʵѪոҲ£ǼʹʩչħϵԼʱޱȼӲ¸ոһҪˣ
׶֮ټϹӵĹ죬һɱ
ӲѪһŽ𵶳ͣ


173 
ߣȥԪһȣܹԸѪľֻʯɽˣŷ
ԵʵĿ˿֧ŵһۣ˵׻ȻҲͬɥ֮ȮһĴӴˡ
ߣԵˮֱԪһڡ
飡ѪĽ𵶿ϣ޴Ѫ
ͲͣĶţѪּٵʿҺӲӲ
Сӣǻ׶֮ٶԶһʿÿһζܱܹѪĽ𵶡
⿿Լһ֮ѪĶ֡
뵽һݡ
ޣ
Сӣ
޴Ӱ͵ǰһѪСյǴѪжѪƻꪣ
;Ͳţű֮κβѪ졣
Ѫ쿴СеѪƻޱȵĹűȻǰҫⴿ
Сӣɱ㣡Ѫһ𵶷Ž
СӴһеѪƻꪱһȥ
ѪһͣСӵʵ̫ǿ˿ħѪ졣
ϹޱϾԳҾͺúû㣡ѪЦһ
ಣֻһɫĹâСӵ壬ǿСһ˵ļ
СӵĸһȭͷСѪһ֮¾ȻСӵ壡
Сӣû°ɣһСӵߡ
СӵţȻһ˼˺⵽ʲôֻһâСӾˣ
ζôѪ˻еķЦ
󣿹űʹһ
еΪһűΪΪҪ³ѪЦ
;ĿѪеķһСصˣɱʵ̫ˣٶȼ죬˷ʤ
Сս֮ͱ㲻˼ӦѪ챾Ϊ;ףټһԵֵĹűݶûмĶ֡
Сɡֻâһ
ͷһ𣬵ȵܵʱѾؿڣ
飡ؿͬʯһ㣬ѪǷȴûйᴩ͵ؿڣ
ףϾȻзѪһ˿â
ҲɵΪԼһ亹ҪǴƤףҪƤؿһ۵ţ´ʱѾһˣ
͹ԵѾ˻Ԫһˣ׹һŷӴܣ
ܣѪüͷһôܾôŹű˵Ҳһջ
ѪͻȻһоȻһſŵС
ǿĺѪ찵̾һ
飡嵽ǰıǹ֮ﻹ͵Ӱ
ɶСӣҿӣѪһ˳һ׷˳ȥ
ħеϢӵĺҶҵ㣡Ѫһ
͵ٶȼ죬ϵ׹ⲻͣ˸ţ׶ݵٶȸͲܹͨģʹѪٵʿڲʹѪݵҲ׷͡
Ҳ֪ȥǰ취ܳ˦Ѫ죬һ׷ս
һҧҧһɽ֮нǧý⽣úá
ѪȻΪͻȻͣȴҲ⣬ھԵʵǰκεСֶζԵ޹ؽҪ
̤󷨵ķΧǰľɫȻһ䣡
󷨣Ѫɫ֣
ȻЩԾ˵Ϊλðһ󷨳Ҳûжôš
ϾӸ󷨲ⲻʲô˲õĴܹ׾ٵƵ
ǧý⽣ȷסʿڼٵʿҲֻһ󷨣ҪôסٵʿֱǰΣ
ɱһƼ˵Ͳٳɵһкޣ˽ŽƵڻϢǱ˽ȥ˹ųϡ
δͶӽԷ󷨽޼ɵƻѪ죬Ʋʲô
Ȼͣϵľٶ쳣Ĵһ֮ɫ
üһƣâһһɫСУǿƴ졣
͵͵Ϳ޵ĴȻеһףΪһ⣬˴֮С
ѪǰľһܵĺˮӿԭǧѹͻȻּӴ֣һʱеѪα仺ʱ򣬴һĺˮ׵ʮӨѩ׵ıǹݺݵ
Ѫԭ׾ӣȻظȻһεת˹Ȼһ̧֣һ޴Ļɫâգۼͽ͵ϮıǹžžĻķ飬ٵֱķնȥ
ͬʱѪĺˮȻһ֣һѪĳɫΪٶֶ̫̣ѪǣƸֻɫ΢ϻƹʢӲ
첲ϸѪһ֮£λٵʿǰЩĵվȡ
ɾʱһһ;ƾճѪ࣬˫ֽޣݺݵбѪɫһ䣬ԭѹŴʿƾ󷨵İȻĲ£ҪױѹƵĻͲѪˣ
ħ£Ѫһ徹Ȼθ˼֣˿͵ޣеĽӭȥ
¶һ˿ЦݣЦѪͷһһɫĵâӺˮֱĺģ
Ѫ£ؼʱ̣Ѫ쾹ȻʹˡѪħеͨס˻ɫâ
һȻ޹
͵ɫޱȵһϾȻ޷նɱѪ죬Ѫʵ̫ǿ
׹һʮžĳѪ죡
ѪһⳡսѾȥˣ䣬͵ֶҲٵʿеһ˿ļ£ԼʵǿĻкüζҪСˡ
󣡡ע֮Уϵʢ
ʹ󾪣æȡ˼Ʒ۶ܻסȫҲգ޵Լǰǰʮܡ
Ĺٶʵ̫죬ͱܲȻֻܲӲһܱҶ㱻һҪõĶࡣ
ͣâһ͸ʮܣײ޵ϡ
һӲۼҲֻ˻͵ã漴ͱâᴩ
ֻؿһ󣬾޴˲䴫֫ٺƷ۶һ𱻺˺ˮ֮У
Ҿ󷨣㻹װŪɫĵâ󷨣ʮǧý⽣һ֮г׵Ļȥˣ
ɢȥʱ͵ҲѪǰʱ嶼˵֮УȻƷ۶ܵסââǾ޴ĳҲˡ
ƷѪ̲סüͷСϵĺöǳϵĶ࣬ƷʹٵʿûС


174 ҽ
һڵʿȻôֽţһѪ춼ʼδ
ͣһâ̴͵壡
ѪŵüͷҲչɢڵϵļƷ۶ܺ͹űޣһ˿ϲɫ
׼ȡʱ͵ͷһһɫĵâӱϮ
Ѫõסɫĵâ
㻹ûǸոա
ѪԻͷʱ֮ﻹ͵Ӱ
Ѫüͷһ壬Ȼƭȥˡ
Ҳǰ̾һѪȻʡ͵ĵȣԼץסиʱ򣬵ǾȻǱ
תеĴ󲿷ͨȻҪᵤڵΪʩչҲһЩͨھʩչ͸ոʩչľеһСͨȻûʲôһЩؼʱȴܱ
ҽ֮ԷΪģɽԼܵ˺ȫתƵ֮ϣһͨ⣬ΨһƾǷֻʹһΣƷҲҪƷո;ʧǾĸ
Ѫǿ׶֮͡תеһЩͨ͸ͲܵסѪ졣
ֵزȷֵóޣѪ춢͵˵
ǰˣЦ
Ѫɫһ䣬һâסе·
һһźɫĻӿâ
е˼뵲סѪ컹Ƿ򣡡ѪһΪģǿѹ˲ϯƬأ͵ѹ֮Ҳڲٵʿóȫˡ
ɫޱȵѿѪ쾹Ȼǽٵʿ̫ˡ
ޣסɫӰһγ֣Ѫ˿ںһȭ˹ȥ
飡ϵۼ״ѣʱ޾ȻӲѪһȭ
ɣ޴ȭͷΧĿޱȣȭͷϵѹѹĲܶ
ħȭ
ҽͱް취ֻһʹҽ֮ɵ˲ѣ˻һ׹Զݡ
Ѫ̲סüͷһζ㿪˱ɱľ棬һѪôҲ벻ͨ
ҲѹѪ벻ͨתǵϵĹеͨȻܹȵģҶԼʹ֮⡶תҲһĹ
ƾҽ֮ӲǶαɱ֣֮
ʩչ׶֮;ûһھѪٶһȵѪ췴Ӧ׼׷ʱѾӳĸ֪Χ֮ڣȻħеϢϢҲһķΧģΧҲ֪ˡ
һڵʿԼѣʹһӵ飬ҪԼߵǼűȻû
ۣٷ֮еҲ̲סһѪѪּٵʿֱ֣
һطˣһڵʿͶԸˡ
һɽ壬һ֮ͱ˽ȥ
ѪһսȻΣҲ͸࣬ϾͼٵʿֵĻɲÿ춼еģֻҪЩڻͨʹһѪ켴ʹӮԱҲ⡣
ͽ֮ڱΧһ˿׵СҲ̱һԣ̵ĳһöһ̴Сӳ˾еή֮⣬ûκεĲʡ
һ;ͲòϹ޵ĿֲĻָ
ѰСһҩϴûһ˿ʱ
Ŀռ⼸ȻһֱţǲûʲôԵı仯ᴿҩҲûеõֻܽҩᴿƷҩݵһЩı䣬ڲѾǧˣҲζ֮Ѿֲǧҩˡ
ͻȻڴ˶
һ㶣֮ôܻᴫ


ȷԼû֮˳Ѱ˹ȥ
໣໣һͷСһĶϵĽš
ԣԼˣѾȻˡ
ճĳȻûݣǧɽż֮ۼʶǳԵ׿ܶռʲôˣʹСҲҪһ˿ºͷеһƴ
Կ۾һ͡
ЩὫһۼﵱĸףƺҲϰԣԵͷ­ӻȡһݵ˳Ե͸ǰ
ͷһͽȥϸƷζζ
໣໣˷ܵͷתתȥ
ͽԷʣĵռЩʱҲõóһݸ˳ԣųԽζĳŵǣϲɵ¶һ˿Ц⡣
֨֨֨ѰҲŵ˵ɢζȻܵǰԡ
ǼʹǸճĳҲѰСһǵģѰֱӱһβ˳ȥѰڵһ˺üͷͣίĿ͡
ͲɵĺЦѰëԽԽˣֳֻܷ֮һС鵰ǸѰ󣬵õǵѰüЦű廹Ҫ󼸷ֵĵǶҩ֮С
Եĳ˵һϲֶ֮һʲôʱҲԵˮ˽ӽϾʵҲԱˣЩѾԺԵˮˡ
Եˮٶȿ»١
ʹһλصԪһ֮͸ˮԵܡ
ԼĶʱͷʦԼ򣬵ʱ;Ͳ鿴кǿĽƣʹǵʱҲѴУӦòһˡ
ͽԼʶеʱ
䣡ͻȻϢӿ͵Ժ֮У
ͽ֮ܿеݣ֤ѾһʿˣΪʦµĶҲʸ̳У
͵Ժ֮гһͼһӡ
⾹Ȼһرͼص㾹ȻԵһСɽϣҪⱦҪӦӡԿ׾Ȼӵĺ¯
ΪԼõһرͼ𾪵ʱͻȻһļ£
ô£Ϊһ˵Ĳͷһ
ѵԵˮˣܵģܵģѾڻԪһˣһܳµģȻмȰԼͷ⾳Ҳ֮ȥ
ػԪһڣʩչ׶֮Ԫһڷȥ
ڻԪһڵɽǰˮԵŷŮλ߾Ȼ˻ɽ֮⣬޾ɥʬħʿΧǸͼֲ˶ã
󣡿ǽ
󷨾Բܴ򿪣
ѵĿȥһɱ֮ð˳
ŵľκ˶Υ۴
㡭һ


175 ս
޾ɥʬʹʿҲҪɵ֣еħʿҲֻ֣ǿԵ˱ɥʬΧԵߣǲŻأ
ʹǴ֮е鿴޾ɥʬҲľȻʯɽȷѡ񣬵Ŀͬǰ͵ĵãľͬһ㡣
ɽׯǱôˣѪĿűΧԵʵ
ɽׯ˳ѾͻǵĻɽ󣬲ɽׯʵڻԪһں콣ɣʱ޷սߵ˵
Ѫĵ˵ͷһξ͸Щνһѵ
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ʯɽĿɽ޾ɥʬѪӰħ㵽׻Ƕˣ
гһƣɱʯɽһ
ǣ֮ʮλʿӦ
ѾǻԪһеսˣʮλʿԺɨһУټʯɽٵʿѪѪӰħ֣ħڸ޷ֵλݰ
λʦҲˣʯɽ˵
ԪһĹͷЩϲҲܶŲ˰Ц
ˣЦ
ֻϧʦȴһȻħĸ˷̾˿˵
Ԫһڳʯɽ֮⾹ȻٵʿѹʵӣԪһӵλٵʿݵһɵĵ̿ɼһ㣡
Ϊβնɱʵ
ҪûôأѪЦһ
˼ǣ
ոţ˵ǱˣܿͻػԪһڣʱЮĵѹűѪЦһ
ӿɥʬ΢΢̾˿ҵʦֵĹŵӣܱʦֿϵ˾Բͨˡ
ʯɽ˵ͷȷܲһ㡣
¡ħżλڵĳϳˣ
ͺˮɫһ䣬Ҳû뵽Щħŵ˾ȻͻȻϮ
צӡˮһȣצӡ˿У˼ħųϵһ
צӡɹأʵһɶõķ
ɱħųһֳ·빥ˮ
ˮСģԵһâħųϡ
͵ĵöһ㣬ĶԶȻûռϷ磡Ѫһ
Ϣŭͽã˵
йϳ֣˶Ȼڻ£Ѫ¶һ˿Цݡ
ȫѪʱµģΪ˱֮ħţٵΪħҲĸ֡
һ֣Ӵѹ˲佫Ե֣־ܣ
ٵʿˮһеצӡȥ
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üͷͻȻðһѪ׵ײһѪ֮ϾȻǰֺ
ڶѵǸͣһ
͸õĶֵᣬ֣һһˢʵɫ⣬ʹǼٵʿҲӦ
ܵϴľüͷ֣
磡
͸磡
Եˮƽʱϲ
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ŶôĸԵ۾һ
ɽɣħӵ˵
ǣʦʯɽ˵ͷ
Ԫһڴ
ɱԪһڽͬʱɱһʱɱ죡
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һʱԪһھȻռϷ磡
Ѫɫһ䣺֪ͨԮ
ɱɥʬȫ֮һ
䣡նһ˶ĽâǧɥʬնƬ
ѪĿɸҺһսɽӸ¿Ѫģ
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֮ǰżƷŹű֣Ϊֻйű𣿡ѪһϾȻһף
һױҲǴżеõģɽҵı׼ӲѪһ
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˭֪âѪĲܣӲһâĽâϬޱȣοǹ֣һʹڵʿҲӲӣ
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ϼòɫһ䣬һһСӳУ
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ɱ
˫ڵĳ֮ĽսѾʼս֮һƬǽ壬𣬷ǣսڲʱ䣬Ԫһھٵ
ˣɥһͬһӿ͡
ɫһ䣬Ʒ۶ܵǰֵסһһص
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;ԼʶģȥҪϵˣ
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176 Ԫ
ͺܿоľ޴ѹƽ̲סͷͷһֻʿȻһʱһ
һ׹һƾճʮ֮⡣һι
ԭڵĵطһɫâһ໡նһðܻķֽһʯԼͬʱСըɫâ
ͻͷһۡһ亹Ĳóľ
׷ںʿͬʱԴһȴһա鶼ɳˡͬʱһ׶֮
ΪʿȻϵ׶Ŀ¡ѾһʿշתŲԼƶԣɱ͡ϰݡϴͷ͡ѾΪɱڡͬʱҲΪ˱סǵ档н׺ͳʿ׷ɱһʿǵûɱֻûɽȥ
нп಻ڼѴϵƷȫˡʱйһ鵤άԼĿġ
һȺ̲סǧѷĻᾹȻղס˳ȥùƲѵȻħŵ֪ŴĵҩĻԻޱȡǿûôԲ䷨ġ
ͿűļħųһںڵΪȻҲ׷·ǹ˼ԻһٵʿͽɱƬײˡ
ϵĸֺ¡ըĻ׶С׷ٶȡ
ηĻǿڻסͭӡͭżԵĻѣһ˲佫һʿѣ
Ȼˡһͽ׷޷ʿѣ̫áԼһʱ䡣ʿƾתķԶѣѹΪߵʿԻѣҲԽʿֻѣЧûʲôá
鷳鷳ɥӾȻǼƷҶڼٵʿ˵һͣҲҪˣ
ܣһֻ޴Ѫִס͵ȥ·
һٵʿȻĸʿ׷ɱһڵʿⱾͲһʵ飡
ȻɵɵԴУе޴׵磬ֱĸʿ
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ϵɫԵޱȵѿǳĴˣ
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Ҳ֪һǲԼ˽ȥ
飡ʱѪֻսҲ˰ȻеɹŽնÿһâϬޱȣʹƷҲӲ¼ϬĽâȴûѪϵıκε˺ۣ
ϹʿƳ籸սףһҪԿˡüͷ
ѪҲûпԺͽеɹŽķԲܶԽγʲôвÿһʩչѪħϵͨǱһ֮
䣡ͻȻӴѹڳĻԪһڵѹĴ
ˣһ˿ɫ
֮һ޴ѪԪһڣһѪѪ֮Ѫеʿ˲ͻΪһ̲Ѫˮ
ԪһڵĵӴ󾪣æſܣѪǿʮʿܸԵֵʹʮʿֵҲΪǿ
벻ıˣʯɽеѪһ
Ѫ󡣿һбһȫ湥̬ƣȴȫ˻Ԫһڣӵ˵
ΣѲǻѪ󲻳ɣЦһ
ŻԪһڵĵһѪ֮£һһһӲӵĳС
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ҲǴΪ𾪣űļűһɫĽ͹ű
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󣡡Ӵһļűͬʱҫ۵Ĺâʯɽ˸̤Ĳ
ԪӻĻҵǻɵ֣ڡѪ֮Ѫˡ
ɱһɫĽâЩѪһ
䣡ɫĽâײѪ֮ϣѪȴֻǻζ˼£
Ԫ󲻹ˣѪ֮дһЦ
ʮѪǹѪ֮ðÿһѪǹ֮϶̲żֲ
䣡һѪǹһɽ֮ϣһɽȥһǡ
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Ѫ֮һڣѪūų˽ɴĽâɣϬޱȣЩѪūûͱΧĽ˺Ƭ
أѪ֮дһŭһͷ״޳˽
Ϲѣʯɽɫһ䣡
мʶħѰҰ꣬ҵһ֮ѪѪ֮Ϲ޲ŵԸѪѪūѪд˷Ц
ϹѣȻУֻһѵľѪжΪһ
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󻥲ãά΢ƽ⣬ֻһɴƽ⣡
ɱѪһȣ
һâȴ˻ȥȹһأһ
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ⳡսĹؼĽϣһһܣһƱػὫնɱһùϳɹ»Ԫһ¼Ȯ
ͣ׹һͱ㵲˹ϵǰе޼ʮ׵硣
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һԵԵˮҡҡͷ޵һ·ϵȷǺ츳ʲһ֮ԺԶ֮ѡΨŮһϺܲó
Ҫи˸ôĻҾһӡˮЦ
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ų˼֮е鲻ɵ̾˿ϲĻͻαغԼȥ
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飬İģ졣һ˵֡
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͵˵ͷЩȻλ߰Ƶķ
а͸Ʒ֮⣬ʮǱ޺ǽȻǼƷ
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һʱ֮ͱͽɽŻͣûйˢˢķǵĿĵء
֣˼ˮˡͲ˼ĿŽ
ԣ˶ԸģĪΪǲģЦ
ѵ𣿡һ㶡
ȻǣһʼͽӣǱˡҲƼģҪ˵ˮҲ㱻ˮЦ
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ʱõİ취㱻ˣҵٶҲܿܶ㿪Ц
㡭
Ͱƻж˵
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Χڵ͵˲ɵһ֤ʮʯδߣǻлᡣ
͵ʶʯ󸲸ǣʯ֮еһһƿ֮С
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ǵ죬һ쳣ûУǲˣҲʯرˡİ˵
ħսʯ˫ԴƽʱλʿرȷǹˣȴԵ̫ҡҡͷ
ţǱȥüͷ
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䣡Ͱ׹ɽҵײһ
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̩һ˿ɫ׵Ѫ˵ۻ֮Ŀǣ͸޷סһצ
ʱСӺɱټսѪƻСӵȫһɷħһٿңʹɱҲСҵѪӿ
׹ǵ˱ͽжûпõķսӵ޵ҲóóȻļսţ
׹ǵһܹͳŽ˱ȥ
ɫһ䣬ȻѾԶˣԼٵʿĶٺпܱ׷ϣ
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ͬһʯһզ˵֮У
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СӺɱ֮սδֳʤһ߰ǳ⣡
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Ϊʿ׼壬ȻΪһ˸֮
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֮Ͳ˿ͣһ·ϲϵʩչ׶֮ľʳ鵤ָһ·֮¾ȻȽȻصԪһڡ
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;ȻλٵʿΧһ뵽һǾѣĸо
ͽȥȫʯɽ˵һ飬еõʮʯʯɽ
ԼӦ飬ͱ뿪
ˮԵսҷֻʣ㣬Ҳûо㣬Խ֮С
ΪԼµüͷ߾ȻǵϹĴУö֮мصľȻߵõϹķš
֮ޱȣʹԼĵҲ״ڣҲû뵽߾ȻὫĶԼ
֮жԼȥû˿ĽܣֻǸлľͷ˶롣
Ͳɵ̾˿˸ֶξȻĬĬҪľпһѵ͵ĳ֣ߵҲԸˡ
֮и߶ĸĵãڲ˵Ǽ䱦ĲƸ
ȻѾѧϰն಻ѹѧһԼҲкôġ
ͽҲתúòһǿеҽ֮Ͳܶѡ
ת˼Ǵ˹ֳɾתһתתᵤתԪӤתתתһء
Ҫ⡶תȴһ̵ȻҪɢޣ
͵õ⡶תһԥڵΪнΪ֪˶ٿ࣬һɢֵֵ֪ã


181 ת
ת֮ȷ˵ɢ֮󲢲ԾӰ죬Ҳζûƿ֮˵
ͱɢǡת֮дҪԾתΪֻҪҪ⡶תͱһպỹƳһʱ
תǿ͸ķŶ˵һջһгɣʹڵΪҲܺͼٵʿ࿹⣡
˼ջǾת
ת֮ǰһЩ׼
ʱ֮УͱŲأ֮˴ľͻֻ˴ʱȴЩҩƷ׼˴Ļ
һ֮ڱΧһաתмصķԼļѨֻڵԼٶʧĹڵҺ̬ʧĸɸɾ
ˡ͸̾һ
ʧٶȲûмԽԽ죬ǰʱڵõʧĸɸɾһûʲô
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ߵƿװƷԷ֮һӾ̷ƷĻԲ
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ļǵãڸ׵²ҵУһʱͻޣΪһߡ
ȴʱ̶ʱ֮ǰһʱ顣
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̶֮ڹǻԪһھ˽ʮλʿ˸ǳΪһʿ䡣
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漴ܵ͵ľ粢ûͻƣǵûͻƷˣԭڵ䵽ڡ
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182 նһ
ԽĽ紦һƬʯ֮УָʮǽһɷΧУ񹥲ͣ
ȻԷħɷǾˣ϶һʵףǱ޵Ĺ±ץסһնڡ
Ľʿʬ봢֮׹һʧããƽԭ֮ϡ
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Ȼ䲼ʩȴûõϾܹնɱʿԼŵļʵ̫СˣҲֻǽƶȼµɱеˡ
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183 жӮ
ɫӵĿͣÿһμͣ͵ʵһھȻܹӲٵʿ·磡
߰ɡ˵
˵ͷ͵ͻȻ룬ս˲תЩɥʿѹ֮ŷħʿɵĴһ
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ңһ㶡
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184 ɸ
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һսɽһƵ˷˼ϣͶԴȴ⣬ϾѾǵǸССʿˣѾӵԱ
͵ĴսʹѪɫƽԭһƬ𺣣ħûǸùĹɷʿαЩģȻȥ˫ҲֻϢġ
ħսǼ¾ܴģ˫ʵ࣬ûʲôĻһħսеĴһСһһ
ʦ֣̫ˣû뵽㾹Ȼٵʿսʤ·弤˵
ǣҲʦǺεʦţݶûмһʿһ͵ƨ
ͲɵЦЦֺմϱߣͷֵǺĻ֪ĸء
Ӫ֮й˼Ȧ֮˴ķһЩȻʵȴþӰ˼ΣǺöһΣռһȥʹǼٵʿҲҪͷۡ
תĿ·ȫ󿴵һŷʱɵۣЩɼֵƣһЩķҪϰʯŷҪʯˣλʦȴüͷûһ¡
ʯͨʿ˵һ֣ʹڵĳҲһóôһʯ
ȴڸ̾Ǳˣǵõ֥йһƷҪһٶʯö޷ǧʯ
ͲƷ֮ȻЩΪλ˸ߵļ۸
޷˵Ǽϡ٣Ҽƣ۸ȻҪһķ߳ʮ޷ظʹá
һЩϡŹֵĶûʲôȤЩħʿƵĶ˵ûʲôô˵ҵľת֮ͶһЩħôˣϾħһЩɱһǧ˰ٵȲϵҵƽ͡
˭Ҳû뵽һ֮һ£׽ħսḶ̌
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еɸԿ׵ɶԾԾԣûԿ׵ҲзֵһһλᵤʿĶͷ㹻ˡ
ҲɸеıȲǧɽżȴǧɽżˣ
ǧɽżҲǵõűͼƷ֮ģڴ˵ȻǲûУɸصȴνᵤܣʿ
ʯɽŷϵ֮չأջûͻһƿɸѾΪϣ
ɸԿ׻ԪһѣһĵͼûԪһռȻ
ͻڣ⽫ԪһսĳϾٻأʯɽһ£Ԫһڶж
ǻԪһڣڣɽׯ콣ɣħȫԼϣħս˲併£Ϊڵ֮ս
Կ׷ֳݣȴһѶܽɸͳΪΨһѡ
ħ֮Ψһħɣû˸Сħ뢣ٵʿ˶Ϊ֮һ𣬼ʹǻԪһҲҪѷһ
ħŵʵΪĳ룡
ʹҲû뵽龹ȻᷢϷԵı仯֮ǰĵ˾Ȼ̸ϣ
ĽǻԪһҪõ涫ĳɣɸԵõɡ
˭ɸһŸɶ᲻ֵѣ˭´˭Ͷã̶Ǹһ̨°ˡ
ڵɸĿҲһ˿ڴϾݲᵤʿѾһʵΪһᵤʿɸʿϣ
󻹹涨ÿɽɸʿóʮΪ˷ֹɽɸɸɳʮʿɸ
ͺҵĳΪеһԱԪһڳλٵʿ֮⣬ǣͣȺǮͺͽ֮⣬༸˶ڵʿ
ȻûлԪһộǸԶһٵʿħٵʿʿȻϱ˫ۣʵǱһʿҪǿϲ١
һ˺ƺƵĳŶȥɸھȻһС֮ϣ
պһ󵺡
˵󣬷Բǧ֮㡣ɽ¾Ӷ࣬һȥǻһƵһƬ
Ǵ˵𣿡ѪӰħϿ¸š
ʯɽ˵ͷͼָȷʵҵʱɸķλ¾λӦûд
ɢѰڣʯɽ˵
üͷһ壬һһһֵĸоƺֻҪǰһһȫµһ㣡
ʮ˷춼ûзɸڡ
ܵģͼָʾʯɽüͷ
ҲǱˣѪӰħ˵
пܣϸһң
ͽа˳˫ĿƵаƳĹЧѰұٺʲ
ˣͻȻаһǰʯɽȻһ߽⣡
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룬ѾҵˣΧǿĽưΧţָʯɽ˵


185 ˮ
еа鱻͵У
ú󣬾˵һĻˡ
ɽȻһڣһŻͣķ
ֻЩĻʼ˷йɵγһһĴСͷĸ߸͹𣬲Щ͹ԽԽԽԽߡ
·ʲôҪڳһ
ʿһﺧȻԶ˺
顱顱
һıŨŨĻз
ʹʿзԱһ֮쫷紵öᡢվȡ˼æ˸Եķվ˽Ųȥȥ
ʱƿɢɼ¶˱һֱڵɸ
ʧ¶ľһ㵭Ļɫ֣ס˷Բɵ
ֻЩǣȻûʱôʵ֮ȻЩģӡ
ҳ⣬ƺӣڹĴһɸߵԲӣ·ЩϵĻƺ͹ģʲô˾޷ˡ
Ϊʶһ֣ȫ˻޷͸ֺ
Źֵǣϸɫڸ֮ƮĴεţ·һԵ쳣졣
ʱҲһУ
ҲǿЦһƷа龹ȻôˣҲûиʱһԵķ
ʯɽ̲סüͷ֮࣬Ҫп÷һֽţЩƾͲôƵġ
Ҳûʲô󷨴ңҪ֮⣬
Ķݵǿߣеʱ䣬ʹϼʱҲں
֮ɸƣһһֻ
ǻԪһڣħţɽׯ콣ɣڡ
ڵϽ˼ʯݣֲʿʯ֮Ϣ
һʱС֮Ϻϣ
ɸΧһʮ㣬ǽǵһ󷨾ͺķµʱ䣡
ٶȥûһʱ䣬Ͳܺ俪е󷨡
֮֮ʣʱ䶼ϣ߸֮ͻƣɹڡ
ɢ֮ǰ;ڵΪָΪֻʱϵˣźǣתǶת
¡춼Ϊ֮һ
ͱŵ۾͵ʮȫˣʱһ߸£
̵ģˣҲӲս̲ס˵
ƣʱ򿪿ɸˡѪӰħһ
ʯɽ˵˵ͷϸͳһöεԿףǶԲϣ
䣡Բ˲˵صף
˵Ҳ͵һδ֪ĶֲĶ
Сĵ澹ȻʼݣҪڿգȴԼޱȣڿն
ֻܳܣֵδ֪Σգ
ǣ֮ûʲôΣգ
ѵǵɸɽׯʿ̲סüͷ
Сһ㣬ǧҪʯɽѵ
ɸʵǴףʹǧɽżҲȲʮ֮һʯ϶һЩӵĻƣ
ɸӦòǵӦǼ̳лֵⷢġ뵽
ˣ
ˣ
ͻȻһֵ죡
ˮɸ֮оȻˮ˵
ȥ
ضһӺͲߵʯ׵ľͷ
ۼһһʮɵķδǰ
˽⣬һһȰԲβŲ֪ͨδǶȭͷСҹ飬˴ճɫܵǽǵ㣬ƺʩչʲôϣԵ쳣Ư
ȥĽվڴмһĿתͬһ򣬲ʱ˽ţƺоʲô
˳˵ĿȥֻһɫҺ֮һͤͤȻƷƣ
ʯ飡һʯ飡ͻȻ˾
ʯɽѪӰħһݺݵײһ
ѪӰħʲôʯɽһ
仰ŶԣѪӰħЦһ
ͻȻԪһںħŽţ콣֮ȴϹۣһֽɸǻԪһںħŶǰͲһɱǵñļҲһ㡣
ʯ׹ǣÿηֶԵμģ˶ʯ˷
ȴ⣬֮пǻżƿʯ飬һӵɫҺȻʯ飬ȴһֺΣյĸо
һҲֻͲŷϾ֮Ψһһӵʯʿ
һ͵ע⣬ƷĽѣҲܳƷһ㣬һɶõıҪĿ֮ȡǻȡ
ѪӰħôʯɽüͷ
ôʯǴһֵģӦƽ֣Ԫһ̿ɲУѪӰħЦ
ߣҪ̵ĿħŰɣʯɽЦһ
Ȼ㲻ңҲ㣬ɴҶȡ콣ɻɽׯɳһʿʯȡȻƽ䣡ѪӰħ˵
ã㣡ʯɽһ
ôɽׯͺˣЦ
ʯɽҲнˮ̶˲䰧漴бĪˮ̶֮У
ɫˮҺĽ䡣
ԪһڵĳȺıȽϽʱˮҺϡ
ϣһҽ
жˮжȺŭӵĴ
æһɫҩƿһѻɫҩ̵ĵСС
õҩһ˲䣬˱㿴һݵףһ
ͳˣҲɫ΢䡣
ȺֻǼ˼Σͱģǵˮеأ
ࡱһˮݴˮƯ˳һ߸õ߰˰˵ʬƮˮ档
ɫˡ
ʬϲοеʬ塣
ֻǴʱǧٿף׹죬˫ĿտģѻΪУ˺ֱð
ôʯ涾ŵ૵
ಣˮ̶֮͵ðһӰһڶ˳ռҺʿ˲䱻ʴǧٿף״һģһ
ߣˮߣ𣡡ս̲ס
ɽׯ޴򽻵սһ۱ϳǺ
ˮߣ֮ǶƷޣȻСɵȴ綾ޱȣ
Ҳָ£ˮǵĴڣеľ綾˵ʹԪӤʿҲԵֵ˵Ǽʿˣ
һˮһ˸
ôֲֿĶѪӰħдһѪס˺ˮߣ˭֪ˮޱȣһŤ㿪Ѫһڶħһλڳ˲һѺǣ
ʹѪӰħ˵ĵҲֱðˮߵĶҺʵֲ̫ʿֵĻᶼûУ˲伴Һʴ
ˮ͵ĵͷͱ
Ͷʱ⣬Һͺˮ߽֣׹һ˸֮ʧ˴֮У


186 ȡ
ˮ߶ʱʧȥ˹Ŀ꣬漴һʿһڶҺɽׯʿæһƷסȫ
̣ҺϸʴƷֵϢʱ䣬ͱҺ
˿ֲĶҺ˲ͽʿ帯ʴ
ת֮ˮ߾ɱλڵĳϣһʱ֮Ļ̻̣һֵԼ
ʣʿҲҼ֮УкˮʿķĹ
ֲٶټǿֲĶҺʹǼٵʿҲûбʤİգӿ֮ͨУ̷еʯͱҩﻹȥȡ
Ӵ֮ʿںˮߵĶҺ֮£ϱ̶еУ֮Ѿ߾ʿʬ壬⻹һʼˡ
ˮ߲ûȥ׷뿪ʿ֮ѾûӰһӰû̶С
ˮߵĶҺʵֲ̫мƷ۶ܣսףӦܵסͿûˮ̶֮еĺˮ૵
뿪;ȻȥˣȻɱһͷˮߣ
ͿеĲһ̶ʯɫҺ壬̶е뿪ʱʱڵ龹Ȼһ𶯣ֻʱųֹ
һ˾춯صı仯˵ܹнĹģобһĹ͡
ȻһεûбôԣҲ֤һɶõı
鶼˷Ӧô;ûзŹˡ
ˮ̾ٶȺͶҺ׶ݵ˵ˮߵٶȻ죬ǻûеԵֵĵزͷʹǺˮߵĶҺ
ʿ˲ڣƷҲǼϢҵʱ䣬˿ֲĶҺʹҲǵһμ
֮޵ĶҺֱС׼ˡ
һƷ۶ܣһϹսףҪסⶾҺҲǲܣ
ƣ׹һһֻɫƴˮ̶֮У
˲׹Ű
˻˻ˮ˲ˮ̶һڶҺֱ˹
ˮߺûһ˿֣̿Ͼûָһƾ˺ˮߣҪ˼򵥵Ļˮ߾Ͳŷɥˣ
ԼĶ׹һȻ˹ȥ
ˮҲһ㶣ǵһμȻܹ㿪ĶҺ
ԺˮͲ˿Ĵ⣬һһ׵磬һŵˮм䣡
ˮ߱޿ɱܣڶҺҺ׵罻һ𣬾Ȼˡ̡
ɫһ䣬ˮߵĶҺȻ׵綼ܸʴҲʵֲ̫һ㣡
ⸯʴٶȴоһʮ飬Щںˮߵܱ߱ըһϸС׵罫ˮ߰Χܲ͸磡
໣ˮˣ
һϲɵļ˼֣ȥֻһٷĹˮ߱ɡ
չ˳Ͷе⣬ˮҲûеô
ۣͷһһɾ޴Σ˲佫֣
˲䴩ϣ
̣Ȼ̵죡
ˮߣȻʹ󾪣
һˮ徹ȻҪȵһһȦȻʵҪȱڵ֮еǿϲ٣
ͺѾˮʪովΣյʱ̣Ӧ΢һģ³ͺЩڵϵİ׹һģһˣ
ײϹսףˮߵĶҺҲֺ
žסĺˮߴʱҲһʱ;ȻлĴ
һͷˮ߾üٵʿӴܣͷˮһٵʿĿ
ʹҲ¶һ˿֮ɫһͷˮҿӦͷˮһϵĻ¾Σˡ
ۿҪֵȴΪͻȻֵһͷˮ߱Կθģ
ޣסСģһ˿Ȼõһ
𣡡ջѪͳ˽Сĺˮߣ
ۣˮһڶ
ۣҲǲʾһڶ
֧ڿײ޵ĶҺѷһ˲䱻ѹƣ޽ɫĵâŽⶾҺ£
׹һתۼ֮ǰһڶͲòܿ
ͷϴĺˮ߾Ȼ뿪ˮ̶벽·ػǶһ㣡
ͲɵͷʹᶨͶȡľģŵرΧضػˮ߱ضػޣ
Ȼˣֻնɱˣһ
ޣʮǱ͵Ŀ֮£ˮΧУϺźˮߣ
ˮ߲ҺЩҺȻܸʴ޺ǱޣһմֶҺͿƾͱóҺմԽ࣬ͿƾԽѡ
͵Ķͷ˺ˮǰģ͵ʶȼٵʿҪǿ󣬿һűһƷ࣡
ⶾҺȻܸʴڷϵʶһ
ȥҲĻ﷭
˲ˮߵͱһһĶס
ۺˮ޷⸿
ͣˮ͵һڶҺ
ƷȻۿɼٶţ
ʹ󾪣еһڴֵ׵˺ˮߵͷ
ˮߵͷ˲ըѣĲˣ
ʹĿ⸿һƷȻôˡͷˮߵʬʱ޺ͺˮߵսҲβȻˮߵĶҺˣַ˹ûʲô취
޵ȻˮߵĶҺʴǧٿףȻӶеĻѪһɫĵâֱƺˮߡ
Ѫĵâֲޱȣ϶һһ⵶âлľѪᱻѪգ˴ķͶʹãֻܶޡ
꣡ˮߵ˲ɱȥ
ˣˮ߶նɱ
޽֮һͷһȣôڵջʱˣ
ȴȥˮ߳ھסˮ̶֮УʹɫҺ嶼þ綾ޱȣսһ㶼οˮ̶֮
Ȼޱȣضо綾ˮ̶Ҫֲ
Ͳɵĳ˼֣ôֻܽˮ̶ȡˣ
ڱ˵ܿѣǶӵ˵ȴޱɣһ򿪣˲ˮ̶ʧ
֮ȴһˮ̶һ˲䣬Χ˲䷭
һֱΧĺɢȥ棡
ҲǵƽǱһ
ΧȴǴݲκοˮ̶ҩѸٿήͶҿǸط
СǸǱ׼ˮ̶Բһ֮ڣͲ֪Լһˮ̶Ž鵽ǶԻǴ


187 ħ
֮ͨǾͨδͲö֪ˣʱʿֻޱȣĸʿĸͨ壬ǽħʿƼͨ޶
ħŴһٵʿѪӰħѪ죬̩ĸϤ֮⣬һˣ˸͵ĸоȴʶʲôоһʱ֮Ҳ벻
ѡһɣ΢΢̾˿Ҳֻܿˡ
͸սͨǰľ͵һ䣬ͨʧˣȻһɽ֮У
󣡡һ
ʧˣΨһбľСǧ磬СǧʿᱻĴ͵һطɸȻҲӵִ
ɸж󣿡Ϳ޴ɽвɵĲɻ
ȷɸԲǵ꽨ģһᵤڵʿûôı½˴ĶضϹʿĶá
ͽ״ϣϹʿĶͲ˿Ĵ⣬һкˮֲֿ޴ڣ˵ɽûʲôΣյĻͶš
СһˣͽѰ˳
ɽ͸ǺͷѰӵĶرУҵһЩõ
ʱûгѰ̰ĺĿ
ͿѰֵ̲סһţװʲôװ
ѰԼƨɣһ漴ڵȥ
ǸѰ󣬾Ŀܡ
֨֨֨ѰͻȻٵĽǰٶ
ôҵˣһ㶣
ͿһӨͷһ
Ϲʿϧҩħһַ˵ֻнᵤڵʿпƳ
ӡħҩܹȾָģÿһصĿ֪֮ûа취ܵõ֮еĶ
ֻнᵤʿƵķҲ֮ʿܹƵģʲôûһϵ
ˣˣòġѰ˵
֨֨֨ѰĺëͻȻ𣬷·ʲôֲһ㣡
⣡֮ھȻһƵĺͼѳ
ʲôʲôʹ󾪣
ײ֮¾ȻʼҵĻζ
ɽ֮Уɸķͬһʱ
Ÿɸ֮һоŸ
֪˶ķʱڲϵĻζ
ô£ʯɽǰķ̲סüͷ
࣡ҳɸ֮дëȻ
ɸڵʿȫ˶̲סĿŷȻǴӷдģ
ҳҪĶҶܰʵ֣֮дջ󣬼ʹǼٵʿ̲סͷһ˫롣
ٵʿ޷ֵջȻҲ첻岻һĳŷǰ
ˡڵͻȻһ˲ָµĿ˵ʲôҲҿ
ëӡ֮ãҪƷϾȻһ˿ƣ
˸ϣеʿĹŷ
ʿʵ˵ʲôҲܴڷںĹѾޱȵĴʹʿ֮Ҳڷһѷ졣
Ͷʱ⣬зӡĴھԲڵֵܹģ׹һɿĳŷȥҪܣҪ뿪ط
νĵɸȻһӡ֮أȻзӡʲôطɸΪ˷ӡħ
ڳˣʯɽڵǸ飬ӿ
һ֮ͬӦһ㣬ʣµİ˸ͬһʱ飬˹ɺ˲
ѹʯɽ˾ĿſеĺҲʶǷһ˲õĶ
ףһЩڵСޣȻγһž޴ף
ʯɽ˾Ŀſеףޱȣǿһĵ׾ֱð
ʿȻ䵽ֵزӦӦڿзЦ
ܣɽеľһ
ֻһɾ˲ͽɣ
ССʿҲڱħǰߣЦһ
ħħ壡ʹ󾪣ѿڶ
Ŷ㻹֪ħĴڣСˡЦһ
ȴǰп࣬Ϲʿ޷ֵħ徹ȻڣҪħ徹ȻƷˣݻ˭ֵܹ
ʿ޳ܣȻ͵ϮҷӡԹԵ˵
ѹ֮û˸ܣݺݵİŴʱͬСèһ㹧վһԣһ˾ͽնɱ
֮Ϊߵ˭˵
ʯɽѪӰħЦһεǰһ
ٵ磬ֻһܽᵤڱһᣬֻҪЧұǽᵤ˵
ʯɽһϲǧ࣬Ϊľǽᵤû뵽˵ܹԸ
ǰ˻棡ʯɽʵ
ƭ㲻ɣֻ轻һ˿ǣΪұᵤ˵
ҪԼһ˿ǵʱʯɽɫһ䣬ԼĻҲζԼȫڶԷһ֮䣬Ϊ˽ᵤˣʯɽɵÿ
ǰΪǧᵤʿʹǾŶҲҪһ֮ϣѪӰħʵ
ЦЦܼ򵥣ΪѾһ֮أϹʿͱսʹɥʧǱռУһϳħ֮⣬ܹᵤ
Ҳ˵Ǳħ壬ܽᵤˣѪӰħʵ
ʩչħ֮Ǳħ񣡡˵ͷ
ͻȻ֮еϹŴսջʿֲŵսʤϾ˵ģƺѾҵ޷ͻƽᵤڵԭˡ
˵񱬷սǳս춯أݶķѣʧֻǴҪԭ
ħռ֮ҪΪǵĺ󷽣һЩ죬ʹʺħδɾͱ½ʿƻһ
ǻкܶ벻ͨΪʲô벻ݣΪʲôһЩ뿪ݵʿնɱҲ֪Щ
ûУΪħΪᵤʿµµΪԶֻʿ˵
Ը⣡ԸΪħ񣡡̩Ĺڵ˵
¶һ˿Цݣ
סħ䣬ɳΪħ񣡡žͻȻںϵһħ˰̩֮У
ʯɽѪӰħɵĻ࿴˶ԷһۣȻ˵һ˿©ǻǾʲôףԲųٳû¾ԤԽԽǿң


188 ħ
̩ȫ˵ħϵͺţе˿̩һӶɵĺ˼
ȫеʯɽһߣͳѰ뿪ɸİ취
Ȼ֪ΪʲôʧԤнܻᷢʲô飬뿪϶ûд
ࡣ̩ϾȻһԳ򣬲ˣ̩嶼˺ɫϾȻһۼף֫Ҳצӡ
Ȼһ㣬Ǳˡ̩ھȻ˾
ᣡʯɽһ
ߣһȺģħȺϣ̩һ
ѪӰħüͷ˵ͻƽᵤķҲǼٵˣ
ͻƽᵤķģֻҪǳΪħܽᵤ̫ҿۣҲԼħǸħ塣̩˵
㡭һʼǡѪӰħɫޱȵΪħʱϷˣ
̩һǿǾķϣƾһ仰Ҿ÷
ʵҪͻƽᵤڻһ취ֻ߳ݱɡ̩˵
ݣʯɽüͷ
ʿ͵Ϯ֮󣬾ͽһַӡΪһ֮أֻҵ󷨵ı㣬뿪ݡ̩˵
ǣ뿪ݵʿ⵽ʿ׷ɱʯɽ˵
ϻѾħϢЩȻŹǣֻϸһأϵħͻͬʱǺʿ죬Ȼõı׷ɱˡ̩˵
ʯɽѪӰħɵĶһۣ˶ԷеĶ
ǵģڿ뿪طˣ̩һΪһʧɸ֮С
ѪӰħǷ뵽ˣʯɽʵ
Ҳ뵽ˡѪӰħ˵
뵽һȥˣʯɽЦ
ʩչ׶֮ͻȻ˼ٽӽæ״
׶֮СӶõǲ٣ֻǰһ̩ǰٶȾȻ׶֮Ҫϼ֣
̩ԣ㲻ǰ̩㵽Ǻˣһ
Ǻ㲻ùܣ㽫ٴ֮ȡħĲҡ̩˵
ħĲҲ֪˵ʲôüͷ
СҪڱǰˣۣȻ֪ΰ쵽ģһһڱļ֮УȡħĲĹҶС̩˵
üͷɵսеޣ
̩ҪԼֲɵЦЦ벻һڵС޶ҶԱ֣ħȷǱ̫ˣ
ֻ̩һħӿֻ·˿ǣסһ㣬޷
ڱвһֻϣҪͱ֣ȵ˵ɣ̩һħ˲ɢһᣬָж
ҲռıˣϻһϹʱսףսһƷڵˮƽҲ϶ս׵֮ս׵֮㣬㽫ħĲң˿ɺã̩˵
ΪԼˣħʲôʱôͨˣ
͵˵ͷ׳һö
̩ЦЦս׵֮ӡ֮У׸͡
ͽʶУһƪս׵֮Ȼޱȵϸʮս׵֮п˱ףȻûнӴսͻǾ֮мصս֮
ǰˬ죬ҲСǰħĲ綾ޱȣҴֻܵǰԼȡˡ˵
ССģͬЩϲģȻһ㣬һСĵǿǶһʱ䡣̩Ц
ǰˡЦЦ
óɣδħĲû취ĻЩ궼׻ˡ̩Ц
ǰӺãһһƮ˳
̩ɫأӿ˴ħסħĲȻȡħĲû˵ôɡ
ħĹע֮£ħĲȻ˴ĺɫ̩С
ܺãˡ̩˵
ǰһʡ˵
νᵤ̩üͷһ
͵˵ͷ
뿪ݱɣС˵׷ɱˡ̩˵
лǰָ㡣͹˹֣һ׹ʧ˰̩ǰ
뿪̩
СӵǺݣϾȻûһħѲɲ֮ˣ֮ʮ֮ǰɹϸǴһ˿֮ѲϽĳڷһƷ̩૵
粻˶Ĺ죬ĸɱͽħĲˣﻹôϻ
֮Ҳǰϲû뵽ȻõϹʱڶ쳣սһȫƪģֱֵǲɹ
ȡħĲ͵ǲôϣˮ̶֮лһñܲµħĲħ嶼˽ŵĶȻͨĶ
һ뵽뿪ݵķ;̲סüͷݱʿ󷨰ΧΪһյĵطʿȻǼޱȣʿƿ
˴󷨱Ȼ䱡㣬ֻҵ⼸㣬пͻƶ֮ǰЩ뿪ݵǰҲ֤һ㡣
뿪ɸʦ֮ᵽȡ˵͵Ķٲɵļӿ˼֡
Ϊһ뿪ɸˣû˿ֱͣԪһڡ
֮ͻصԪһڣʾķΧһɽ֮ϡ
һķ֮У֮оȻֳķģ漴ЩĽʧһ̤֮ͨڣ̤ͨһɲʯҲ
ÿ߹һ·ͶҪһķƽƣԼԼƽ˶ٵĽˡ
ͻȻϢǰһһ޴óǰڴаڷŴС
ʦ˵ҩˡ΢΢̾˿
һЩ;˵ҩͬˮһ㱻֮֮˵ЩҩǱصһְˣıһʯеı
ƿʯҵĴţ澹Ȼһһڵĵ¯룬еĺɫ¯һޡ
ʦ˵ıɫ¯һ㶡
ˣͷڴеĺɫ¯Ȼһ졣
ͼæȡ¯˲ʯҶһŻڸǣȻԾʯòŻص˵¯֮У
ʯ֮еĺ¯ϵĸͻȻ򿪣һɱĺ˲ʯң
ǿĺѵװǧ꺮һ㶡
ͷȥʱڵ¯֮оȻһŲİɫĻ棡ǻȴɢɭȻĺ


189 ᵤ
ǻ棬ɢĺȻǧ꺮Ҫֲ
һصĿź¯֮еİɫ棺ʦ֮ᵽ𡪡𡣡
ÿһֶǼǿģ٣ôʿ֮ҲֻӺӵУ˭뵽ӾȻռ
Ϊ׼ģӾٴҲ뵽ھȻѾӵ
ʿĶȻҲףȴʱʹһɫĵ¯˲Сս֮С
ȻҲûиɫ¯ʲôǸոյһ춯ȴͼʶɫ¯Ǳڵ
ûв´Ļɫĵ¯²ֹ
΢΢̾һһɽ֮Уɽ𽥻ָԭӣͿκε
֮ɶһϢ뿪ݱܽᵤ
Ϣ֮ͲɵĿ˿ķϢᴫ϶ʯɽͣΪϢ֪Ҫжˡ
ԣϢֻøʿڻҰˡ
ͬʱɶѰ󷨵ı㣬֮ǰ뿪ݣԴһЩ伮ϿƲ󷨵ı
Եˮɡ͵˳ȥ
磬ʲô飿
Ϳ׵ЦЦˣЩҲӦú˵ˡ
ʲô飬ѵ͸ʲôöˣˮ۾һ
վŲҪЦЦ顣
ԵˮֻǰһǻعʱѾԭĵطˣ
⡭⡭ԵĿɿڴĿصҩ
ڲǰܹóôҩҲΪԵʡ˵
ŨʹҲȲˮһ
Ϳ˷ܵĶЦЦԺǾڴݻᷢ䣬»չ˲ǣǴ֮Ҳһ㡣
磬ôõģѵǴ˵еķԵʵ
ҡҡͷʲôҵڶûиһǿ϶ģһϢй¶ȥݽûǵ֮ء
һ˵ȥġԵ˵
͵˵ͷҸǽһ£ֲҩҴֲģԶЩҩĺشǧҪȥҶ֮ЩʲôĵطѾеһֺʦҵĵӡ֮УʱĻϰһкô
Ե˵ͷ翼ǵܵ
УĻǱȻһʼп̫ܲӦܼٶȡָָı
оǣһˮ̶ǧҪȥ˵
֮Ҫעȫ˵һ֮뿪顣
һ֮󣬸ɸݵ伮ڵϢĴѰңȻıҵĸ㣡
ʹǱ㣬󷨵ǿҲԶǵɸΧĽƻҪǿϼ
Ⲣ赲ݵʿǱ֮ʵ̫ˣȻôһϣʹǷɶ˻Ҳϧÿ˶Լ˵Ǹˡ
ʿϺ󷨵ı㣬ⳡǺεȵ׳ۣ
˴ģĺȻʿע⣡
Щֲˣѵһ뿪ǿۻ֮زɣ
ɣЩ̤ۻ֮һ
߿Ų𶯵Цһ
»жã󷨻ᱻƣһ£Ц
ҰɡЦЦƺͲݵʿС
ͿŲϺ̲סüͷ֮⵽ĳҲһ˿ڴ
飬֮ҡץ˵
š
ʦû𣿡;ȻûзӰ
ʦ˵Ѿˣ߶ˡҡҡͷ
ʦǲ뿪ǰɡ΢΢̾˿
ĬȻʦֻ˵Ĺϵ̫ӡ
䣡ӣӣӣʯɽ˺ԪһɫľϺ󷨡
ʯɽ˶ֵһɲǣһ޴ѪƽնڱˣѴѪ֮Ž󷨣
ҲˣСˣͽץ֣
ˣϳһƣƲϵ
ʯɽ¶һ˿ЦݣŽϹ󷨣Ҳϵ
¡ڣϱһӣ
˲ʿĳڱȥ
洫һŭ
һɫĽâն£ʿܵĻᶼûУ˲䱻նƬ
Щ߳󷨵ʿȻһ
ᵤʿͷһȴľȻǽᵤʿ
ʲôôˣһһ֪ܶ˭һ˲ȼʿŵĶ־
壡
һĶͼȾָ磡۵Цһ
ǹɣ۵˴һӣͬһ̴ʿ࣬ʹʿҲûеֿ
ǽᵤʿ𣿺ʿֱͬն
ɱԪĽӭ˽ᵤʿ
Ŷ⵹е˼̫ˣʿЦһһâն£˲߽⣡
ʯɽһ˿ԪȻӲ¶ԷһᵤʿȻǿֵز
üͷһ壬ʯɽֻĻôһᵤʿԽѹƵģ
ѪӰħ㻹ڵʲôѲǽ͹һ񣡡ʯɽһ
󷨾Ȼڲϵĸԭȥ뿪ݵĻὫã
µҲûбİ취ˣѪӰħЦһ
Ѫ֮Ѫū
ɷιѪūȻһѪӰħЦ
Ѫūӿ˶ʹǽᵤʿҲ̲סüͷ
ʿнâͣƾЩѪūγײʼն벻ɵľ룬ȫʿնɱ
ͻȻ߾ȻһʿЩʿۣ磬ΪȻڣмڵĴڣ
ɱһʿɷ˵ɱʿһ
ɫһ䣬һʿ˵Ҳʮ֮ɵʵȻ˵Ŀ£
һʿĳҲͿһ˿ϣֻᵤʿĻĲó֣һʿˮĻͲһˡ
ޣƷ۶ٻϣ״׹һֱӳ֮У
ûѡܣֱӳһʿ֮Уе׹һλʿһɱλڵʿ֮
ʿŭȻֱͶ
սףϹսףʿһ˿̰֮ɫ
Уһ׵硣
ǶʿסᵤڵΪмΪ֮
һˮӿʿ
ʿһǱЩµȷ˵ĻôᵤʿҲͲǽᵤʿˣ

ʿŵǣܾȻ˲߽⣬һˮմϣƤѸٸã
жʿһ
ᵤʿ޷ľ綾ʿһ˿֮ɫ
Цһħ־춯صﶼֱӴħĲʹħĲĳˮҲǾ綾ޱȣ˺ˮԶΪ֮⣬ûʲôʿֱӴˮ


190 
ʿ־ŭ֮¾ȻһڵСˣ
ʿ뽫룬˭֪׹һ˶֮Уʿһʱ䶼֣
ȥ
λʿͬϻͻһǿһȺʿ֮һѪ·
һʱеʿһ𣬼ʹǽᵤʿҲ֮ǰˣһȥп˵Լĵӣ
󱲣Ҷʿһһսնɱٵĸ֣ڽᵤʿǰȻ޻֮
սɱʯɽͷһᵤʿʵֲֻ̫ܼϣЩʿܹסᵤʿ
ʦ塣ʯɽһۡ
˰̾һʼɡ
ŻԪһڵĵһնɱҲζ߱˽ģֻҪܹᵤʹԪһٶҲֵõģ
гһöɫƣһöʯɽǿ֮ɫ
Ųƣʿһ
ŲϹʿ֮֮жûд˵ȱ
Ųƹ˼壬ǿԽ˲ƶƶľͷȴԼĿƣǱĶ
ÿһƶٿԶݳ֮ңʹǽᵤʿҲ׷ϣ
ʿеһȥ
ЩڿһɵĵطͱһĻ
ˣŲѾˣʿ̾һ
ֻʯɽ˲ʧ˿УҲҲκεټ
ʿ֪Ѿ֮⣬˵һᵤʿԪӤʿҲδܽҳ
սףŲƣЩʿϾȻд˵ȱʿдΪޣ
üͷʯɽ˹Ȼǣ
Ԫһڵĳϸƿڴжж
ݵʿѾʿսһţʹǽᵤʿҲ˲佫ʿɱ
ʱѵߣʹһ
ϵ׹ʢת۾ͲӰ
ܣʿһ
һâĸ͵
͵׶֮ͬʿ֮еȷܳңǶڽᵤʿ˵ȴûʲô˲ģ
ʿԽԽһھѪٶ
Ѫ֮ͬʱֶ˿ɲʿһ̤ɽ˲׷͡
°ɣʿһâն͡
Сģͼæ뻳УӲǳ˽ᵤʿһ
飡ֻԼҪһ㡣
ûϹսףս״ǿϧˡʿһ
֨һѪɫĻꪺճֱʿ
űʿ̲סüͷеལסѪƻꪡ
ϹޱϾԳʿ͵ϮԼľȻϹޱϾԳʱ̲ס˳
һǸ֮سʿϾȻ˶ıűϹޣϹսףÿһۺ죡
û°ɣҰ鿴ŲѪͶʱû⡣
û£ֻǱǿˣĻҵûˡ˵
ô죿ǱᵤʿˣǸûлġ
ҲһȿȿȡֻҪץסᣬǻϣġҡҡͷ
һѪյ֮͵ɫźÿһ㣡
𣡡ʱСѾʿ
ԽᵤʿСӻȻ壬ж
ʿнâɣǶСӵѪƻꪸʹżһâСҲֻС˻Ρ
СΪϹޣʵȻͬͨޣԭѿԽޣȴݣٳٲܽڳݣȻѾнļ
𣡡Сÿһ¾Ҫһ֮ʿ˾޴ѹ
Ϲ޹Ȼͬ졣ʿа̾һ
𣡡
ʿɫһ䣬Ϲ޾Ȼڴʱͻˣ
ʱСӵͷһ޴Ľۣ
ȻʱͻˣǸʿа
ֻһյĹֻܽϹշٵĳ֣һжһ
еȦʿε̾˿ֻܷ˱ϾԳĿ˵زϣ
ɫķʱͷ
ڣоâһ
ɫ⣬ৣһˢʮɫ⣬ɫķܵɫһˢΪ֮һ٣ɫˢɫķȻֲȵļ
ʲôʿ󾪣ֻϵ𽥼ڷϵľӡȻñ˸Ĩȥˣ
䣡ʿؿһһѪ
ϵӡ٣˲С˺ལҲԷȥ
ҪʿѾ˷
һҪòƳеĽᵤʿзģҪһԼһĵزҪã㻨һĹռ˷Ĳϣǻһʱ÷ԼһһˢĿ๦Ϊһ
𣡡СӵѪƻ͵һ
⧲֮µʿʧɫһܵǰ
飡СӾȻ
ΪɱҪշ㣬ΪܺҶսô𣿡ʿ
Ҳû뵽ɫ⾹Ȼ˰Եһˢ֮²ˢ˹ᵤʿڷµľӡĨˡ
ǵȵᵤɹ֮ʹɫĻǽǺεȵƣ
˽ˣϹʱΪ˶ʥɫˣһˢ֮๦Ϊһ˭ܵˡ
Ҳʿ⣬Ȼ͵Ϊˢʿķ
̴Сӵؿڣ
ʹ󾪣һСս֮С
ɣʿĺ
ҲףΪʲôҪЩʿϾɱĿʿ
ΪԹĹأһãǣɣһ˲̴͵ؿڣ
ߣʿҺԡʿЦһ
漴оԾϵı׿ĽâģôᱻԼһᴩˡ
ǡʿɫ䣬ԭ͵µĵطȻֻʣһ̯Ƭ
ɶ񣡡ʿ쳤ХȻһʿˣҪԼһ
ȿȿȡҽ֮ӹһٵʹʱȴϵѪ
ҽ֮ȻҲܵģᵤʿĹεȵİԵһͨ͵ϣȻһֵҲϼˡ
ôˣ㲻ҪҰ鲻
ޣû£û£һʩչ׶ݣһͳѪյ̽
˶ݹ⣬һɽ֮ϡ
Ӧðȫˡһ
ɫӵĵ˵ͷû뵽ǾȻǡ
Ҳʦһԭɡ̾˿˵


191 
ˡ̾
ЦЦʽᵤˡ
һҪллˣȻҲܴ˵
֮ͰˡЦЦ
ʲô㣿ʵ
ȵһأϵħɢȥ˵ɣȻߵﶼҪ׷ɱ̾˿
͵˵ͷҲ˼

֮һʿ·ϣĿܡ
û뵽֮˾Ȼ֮ࡣŮЦ
һ·ٿʮλʿȻЩΪߣֻ߲ңЩ˲ʲôɵӣһЩ̻ǹԱҲ顣
ƺֻҪȨǮһ㡣
Ȼͺ顣
Ȼɸ֮ħ˵ֻ굽һʱϵħͻᱻ羻ǳڽͺŸߡ
һ·˲ٵʿвʿǱ˲ûпʲôŷġ
ʱ˵ǻۼҲ֮пԵˮ˶ڱչ֮УҲôǡ
һչؾʱ䣬ҲûгأһЩͶû˵
ϼǣͿƻֺĳǳǴ۽磬ǳ֮ϾȻһЩ󷨵ĺۼ͵ΪҲܿȫ󷨵ıضǽᵤڵĸˡ
վסÿһʯ׵ʿסͶˡ
ԲΪͷһسŵľȻԲΪԲһɵˣ絽жôķʢ
էҲҲӣӴͳʯӵһУϼǡ
λǰһǵһϼǰɣСϼǳ󣬶ϼϤޱȣֻƷʯԴǰϼǡһֻһߵк˵
ޱϤ̨ͲɵЦЦﶼ˴ڡ
㼸⣬ˣҾ͹㡣˵
ǰʣС˵ͷ

Сһ㶣ϼǡ
һ㡣
к֣һϣĿ͡
ͿЦҡҡͷСС;ô⡣
һʯ֣кЦһС

һеȵ˵εĻʵ۱ǽᵤڵΪк˵
ᵤڵΪ̲ס
ҲǴһݿһ֮ﾹȻнᵤڵΪͲòϣʵ̫ˡ
ҲٶЩʲôˣЩ黹ܱȽϺãһ̫ĻԼܲˡ
к͵ָʾ£ϼ֮йҲϵͽϼһЩҪע
粻ͬݣһЩٹ˺пܾʿһ˵λԽΪҲԽߣ˵ϼǵĳһλڵʿ
ϼ֮д̻ᣬЩ̻ʱҲļһЩΪʿ䵱ѺһЩƷ
һЩҲһЩֽ嵣ο䡣
ͺҲĽζģϾЩݶǴû˵ġ
ϼ֮ͨеĻʯʹͨҲżʯȻϼǵĳŶ
е鶼ݴͬɾǸ߸ϣѹŷ˺ͼ壬ȫͬһЩС͵ҪӹǿһЩǿļ֮нᵤ
λǰȫõĿջÿһ䷿жо°빦϶нƣǴġк˵
͵˵ͷóʮʯкĿҪԶԶ֮ǰ̶ļ۸кϲ⡣
лǰлǰк˵
ҡҡ֣˿ջ֮С
λ͹٣ҪסꣿһʮʿЦʵ
ţ۸ôģʵ
ַһһٿƷʯֺŷһİٿƷʯֺŷһ°˰ٿƷʯƹ˵
ô󣿡üͷ
͹٣ϼõĿջˣпƵľЧԱջǿϲ٣ȥһ¿Եֵ£ά־һСĻѣ۸Ѿ͵ˡƹЦ
׵ֺŷ˦˰ٿƷʯ
͹٣ҿ˰ٿʯһֺŷٶȸ죡ƹЦ
һ죬Ȼ˵ĹϵѾչһһ뵽йŮһң;òס
׵ֺŷһ顣
ǣǡƹЦЦ
ս뷿䣬;;֮ⷿеҪԶʤ棬鶼ȥľϻ顣
Ľ֮ͱ֮УʱŽգ˻δء
Ҳֻε̾˿ڱΧʼ
СǻҩгԣѰϷһ㶼ؿڱᴩ
ͶСǿֲĻָѾǼֲֵģȴ׵ķСӳȥʱСӿ٣һųȥĻ٣ôĶ֪
ҲֻʱСӷ֮Уʵʱɽ١
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ȥʲôԽӵġ
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ڴ֮ǰͻǾȰһѳֵķǽõǱϾĹϣǱñϵķС
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͹Ҫʲôǧ¥ض㡣һʮС˹˵
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ǽãȴʺķҡҡͷס֡
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еһ٣ȥ˺ôĿƷ˵ǧ¥ҲòǹűֶܹͷһϸµĶƫƧĵطôܻУ


192 »
Цһ˵Цˣű˵ȱСеĶҪűĻȥݱȽϺá
͵˵ͷٴĻ֪˹űҲôĶõıϵóɡͺ˵
ЦЦѾ͵汲ӻʯֺŮӵİܼӣȻô룬ȴû¶ʲô쳣
ѣƷϵ¥һ۸񡭡һۡ
۸񲻳⡣ҡҡ֡
ãԵȣȥ˵
ܿһȫǧ꺮̶ɵ˳
ͺǰһװĺӶǧ꺮ƳɣеĶضͬ졣
ںرе鲻˵ͷǿǱǧ꺮ĺӵס˴룬ڵʿҲĴ
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һ˿ϲɫϵټһϺõıϵǿ»ܺ⣬ֻǴ˵ȷ۸ضͲȥֻǧʯҪȻǲʵġ
ЦЦϲ𣿡
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ѣ۸ʵ̫ˣʮƷʯҲܵˡǧ꺮С
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Ҳ͵Ĵֱʸŵˣ֮ǰݵҩȻǶһЩӵд󷨵Ĵ˵ȴ󣬵ƷҩʵʵˣϾʹдҩҲҪ൱ƳƷҩ
Ѫյͻ鵤ֵҩҲֻ˻ΣʱŻõἸʮʮĴϡ
߰ƷʯһһǰʮܹǧƷʯ˵
ӦùˡʹӴ֮ͳ˰Ʒʯ֮ǰҩһǧƷʯһʮǧʯ»
ʯ֮װб»ǧ꺮нͣϲһƷ
ҲҪϲʮʯˡЦЦ
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еɫʮָӣǽӹ»
ˣȥҹɣܽһʲôЦ
鲻ɵİһۣһ־óʯĲҪȥҹҲֻǽҹϤ磬ϾǶһϲͨҪС
׼ʲôʵ
Ӧǻ֮Ĺ˵أ
ӦȥһʦĹɶһҵ˵
ˣ㻹һʦЦЦ
ʲôʦһͯӰˡԳ


193 ں
ϼе̻ܶ࣬һЩϼǵ̨ѡλֻҪΪԼʵıȥ˵սǱ̻ῴоͻᱻ¼ȡÿܵõٿ鵽ǧʯȡ
ʵԽǿõҲԽ࣬ʵΪﶼı䡣
ڳ̻һݹʹϵѩ濹ȥ
ѩ濹ڼ֮أ궼Ǳѩǣ˵صʱ˪
·;ңԶصĻҪ֮ãҲǼḻڵΪԵõǧʯõǧʯʿ˵ҲһСĿˡ
Ŀȴˡ
ѩ濹Աѩ޵ķǱϵ߱õȥ
Ҳһᣬܲܽѩ濹֮УܼһɶķչŲɹĺô
ͶҲǱֵ֧̬ȣϾֻмǵΪܸһᵤʿһȥĿ๦
ᵤ֮һȥѩ濹ġͿ˵
ţܼѩ濹һѩ濹㡣˵ͷ
΢΢̾˿ȻںֿܲᣬڵķֿΪԺۣʿݿǸֻ֣ǺͨһԱˣҲֻгΪᵤʿһ˿Ա
뿪֮»ָģϵĺ֮ǰӵʹʿҲڿ顣
Ǽϼ֮оסҪԵˮ˱չؽϾЩҪ֮
һȾ£֮ԵˮƹضΪȹڡ
չ룬ǿҺõȰ΢΢һЦ
Եˮ˼ЦЦҲ֪չôáǴ˴αչҲǴջ񡣡
Ŷʲôջ˵۾һС
ΪͲ˵ˣ϶ҲˣҺˮвǵĵãѧĿǺܿģѾܹƶƷҩˡԵЦ
û뵽ǾȻѧô졣ЦЦ
Ǹ̺·˶ҩǾнĳɹҩһιġԵ˵
͵˵ͷ⼸·ϸĸˣԵԽԽ棬ôҲû뵽֮羹Ȼ˵ľʡ
Ժǵ·Ӧôߣûãʵ
ԵüͷҾ˻Ӧ÷ֿ
ˮһΪʲôǸ͸粻Ǻܺ͸ô飬°빦
ԵҡҡͷΪҲǿԱǣᵤʿУҲԽᵤʿͬʱչǡ
ǡˮ뷴ͱԵˡ
ңǸڴߣֻпܱ¶ܡ
οĿԼܵܣʱĴĥҲǵǸçײСˡ
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뿪ݵһ죬ʿʿ˴սұһᵤڵ߸ˣҽѣķһŹҡͻΧʱûпǣǻǰȫġ͵˵
ԵˮɫˢˢıˣһᵤʿǺεȵΣգ
硭
û£һᵤʿȻԶԸǸԱûġЦЦ
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ɻȻֻƷǷзϡ٣ˮŰɡ
ԵˮҲϼ֮ѰҹΪ˱˶ĿûиԣЩҪԼȥУܰǰһУȫµ֮УԼûԱ
磬˵ˣһ֮ϼյӡԵϲɫĿ͡
Ҳ˵ˣ˵һЩ֮лԪӤڵĳأˮ˷ܵ˵
һ֮󰡡΢΢һЦ
һ֮Ƿˣͻ֮УȴԲԵˮһ
Լϵ̫࣬һᵤʿԵˮԼǶı
һԼΪϣܱѡаɡ˵
ͽ򿪣Եˮ˽ȥԼҲΪԼЩ׼ˡ
ȻʵԺͼٵʿһϸ£һڵʿ˵ʵ̫ˣСӺҲãűҲó
ڴ֮вϷţɱôʿȻвٵĴȻݵʱ˲٣Ǵ󲿷ֶƷƷȫţҼõƷǺѡ
ͽʱյ۹⣬ܱеıȻǾƷеľƷ
һöӡһһӣʮ֮ѡġ
ӡƷɴСѹˡ
ǺӽƷӲ֮й˴Ǻɳ
ɥӣƷһ壬
㹻ʯ֮Ϳ˷Ľƣ֮һʱɲܾô˷ˡ
ڱ֮£Χ
˵Ҳ֣Ҳֻ͸Եˮ˵͵Ļڱû߻Դ֮ҲҴɫҪ֮ܵȥ
ɫĵ¯ڷ͵ǰһм仹һŰɫĻڲš
Զʿǿ
ڵͺҵһ˾
ϧǣǰûһԼģҵֱӴڵģԶܽȥģͻһϲͨ
ʹһһ˿ɫĻ汻˳ɫĶ˲ͱ˱
ðԵĻ档Ͱ̾һһעУֻһ׹͵ĳ˵֮Уĵ֮Ĵܣ
ʿҪĵطһĲͼæԼһ˿档
ͷת֮£Ȼûз֮һˮɫĹâû˵֮У˲ǿ񱩵ıͰ͵ĵ֮кںһ
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һ˿Ϊͱúܼˣһһ㽫¯֮еıȻ򵥣ȴ㻨Ͱʱȫ
֮γһ΢ƽ⣬ڣ죬ף߻֣
ɫ𡣡ͿŵڵĻ̲סЦ
ں˱֮𽫸ӵǿ


194 Ϫ
֮һأʱϼҲΪյӵַǷ
ڰ֮ǰѾϼ֮а䲼ġ
ѡ飬ơ顱Ǹѡӵһķʽɢǣϰ߳һԾŵ飬Ϊժɰġ
֪Ϣ֮ǿЦã֪֮Լ˾ȻѾȱ޻˰֮á
ͬϵҪҲͬնɱ޵ģҲռҩϵģеɱжɵʿϵ廨š
˿ɵ̾˿ʹͬѶȴһУһЩҩû˵һЩ޼ʹڵҲȥնɱ
񶼺ѰѹÿʮλʿܹɡԵ̾
ѡѾ˰ˣץˡ˵
Ե˵ͷҾͼལźˣԼ򵥣նɱһͷƷޣͷ޵ʬ
ԵڵΪټ͸ļƷնɱһͷƷ޲ѵ飬ֻҪȥЩǵޣӦʮþȡ
ˮѡţһŮΪɣѡӵҪֻ֣ҪΪﵽʲ̫ò毺þͿԡˮȫϸܱѡеĻᵹǺܴ
磬ѡĸ񣿡Եʵ
ඡָָ
Եˮɫһ䣬֮ǰҲ񣬵֮ɵġ
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ɵڵȻ㲻ΣգǼķʱ䣬ռʮָҩҪĴʱ䣬ʹǸһҲδռȫֻʣ°µʱˡ
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һ԰ɣҲܳɹأЦЦ
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߰ɣҲҪСһ㣬ҪСĵʿΪ˶һʲô鶼һص˵
ԵˮɫҲȻѾʶһɴѡޱȵΣա
ȻɴѡѾʼ˰࣬ЩȴûϼǣֻüӹԼɵˣ֮Ҳֻڵܼ
ԼϢѹƵʮңҲΪɢ޺лɹԲμɴѡĴ඼ʮԲΪʿֻռٵһ֡
ȻɴѡѾȥ˰£ǻдʿϪ֮УеĳȺӣеǺһ˶
ϾЩ񲢲˼򵥾ɵģЩʿϪ֮С
Ϫ֮޺У޵Ĵڣ޵ĻʹǼٵʿҲֻ޵ˡ
ҪѰҵĶʮҩڱȽϧҩʹıأͻȱҩ
澣һֱҩһ㶼ڻɽڶƷҩ
ྫ֥ҵػ֮С
ʣµֱַǺ̲ݣ֥ǲݣ˫߲ݡ
Ϳе񵥲ɵ˿ʦµҩ֮оȻʮϵҩһĲѡڵ
СһһξͿˡѰԴ
Ѱ۾˵ͷȻϪŵ˲ҩζȻĸҲ˹ɡ
ܣޣСıˡѵ
ѰһŵڵС
ͿѰӣͲһ˴ͲһµھȻڳôһ
֨֨֨Ѱһ˺ϱĴ
Ǻӽȥɣпգ棿
Ѱ˵ͷһ˷ܵĿ͡

Ǻӽ˲֮̽Уͬжһ㽫ôг룬һѸõƤ֮Уһ곤ϻҩڷҡҷ
ʲôҩһ㶣ҩȻûм
һɫĻ΢Ļζţһ˿ɫĻŷɢ
һ˿Źֵζ͵ıǿף
ɫһ䣬æ˺˼һʶȻѾʼģ
⻨Ļ۾ȻԻõĹЧʹʿҲԵֵͽûĻڴѾԹȥˡ
СĵĽҩ֮С
ҽҩŽ֮֮гִֻĻӴˣһͻᱻֻĻ۸Ūιȥ
죬ټӰˡԶһҵĴ
ѭ˹ȥȻλʿΧɱһͷޡ
ԳƷޣжٻ
ʿΪߣʮңǽоݣ໥֮ʮĬȻѹסԳնɱһͷԳҲʱϵˡ
¡Գ޴Ȼء
ʿϲ¶һ˿ϲɫ
磬һͷֵܾܽˡһʿЦ
ͻȻŵҲնɱһͷƷ޽Գʮʿ˵ҪһͷԳǲܵ飬նɱĻʹһˡ
ʿĿƺѾնɱͷԳˣǵΪ˵زҲѵˡ
ͻȻɫһ䣬徹Ȼ˽ƣ
˭ͷʿɫһ䣬ݵĿ͡
Ͱ̾һСʿЩնɱԳͬʱȻ粻˾䣬ͲЩƣ˲ͱ˷ˡ
ֻ·ûж⡣ͳ˵˵
һԹһĻ죬磬˲һʿһ
ͷʿȴüͷѣ뿪Ȼֵܲˡ
͵˵ͷת뿪Ǽʹ˶͵ľû˿ķɣͱͻϮ
磬ΪʲôôŹֵܵʵѰɡһʿ߷ߵ˵
˲򵥣ضѾԹ۲ã֮оȻһ˷֣СĴ˽ƣҲᷢϴ̾һ
ز¶¶ϢȻֻʮ㣬ܾô˵Ϊֹˣһʿ϶˵
ˣֻնɱһͷԳɽϴ˵
Զɵ̾˿ʿֶǲһʱ쾹Ȼ˶ԷĵԺǱСһ㣬˴ãһξûôõˡ
׹һʧԭء
֮ƣϪ֮ߣȻ˲ٵĶޣвƷޣǷѾֶβͻΧ
ջҲǾ޴ģõ˴ҩǲݣ˫ֵָ߲ҩҲѰˡ


195 ܶ
֥ͺͺ̲֮⣬ྫ֥澣ֻڻۼ֮زŻ֡
ͲɵĿ˿Զ籡Ũ̵ĻɽϪܹ֮ҩĿҲֻˡ
΢΢̾˿һ׹⣬͵Ӱ˲ʧɭ֮С
ɴѡѾβϪ֮Ѿӿ˴ʿ˵ĵطΪһЩʿϧգϪ֮ѾвʿЩնɱ
ϪѰ󲻶ѰҩѰĹϵռҩٶҪԶʤһʿָ֥ͺ̲ݻûҵ
ֻȷҩˣȥɽͲɵ̾˿
һµʱѾȥ˴룬ֻʣʮҡ
͸ϵɽʱΧѾ˴ʿЩʿȻǳŻɽģ
ȻڵΪһ
Ҳû뵽ɽȻ˶ʿ
ѵɽ֮лʲôЩʿɻ
ЩʿȻȫڻɽ棬ȴûм˸ҽУϾɽ֮е¶ȳޱȣʹʿҲδظҽС
ȷѾͷɽ֮Уһһĵ̵ʿüͷ
ȷۿǸ˽ȥˡһʿ˵ͷ
ֵǣҳȥǲǰĶһҪۣʿһ
üͷǰЩʿȻһģ⵹е͵ˡҲû뵽֮лְ֯ЩɵӦöһЩɢޣʹΪߵĵ̵ΪҲڰˡ
ԼϢ˲ǰʿĶĿ˻ɽ֮С
һȵϢ˲ʹ͵ΪҲ̲סüͷ
ɽһ޴ܶܶڳŨҵػֲͨҰ޸޷档
ǻϵֲͻϵޣǵܻؼá
ػݺڴľضǡ
ҶһŻһҡҷػͲݣպ˵֦سԼʺѪѪ
Щͨػ¼ֻܳڻص֮
Ͳɵĵ˵ͷҲֻֻ֮²п澣ͳྫֻ֥ϵҩ档
ֵǣ¶ȻܸߣʿֻСһɰȻΪЩǰȴٳٲҽ֮ܶСأһͷų͡
ޣһâǺӽϽһһͷ룬ǳȵѪҺʺĴ֮ϣ˲ͱˡ
أ
أ
ͻȻΧȻ޾Ǻǵ˵ҲҪϰ١
ãʹ䣬Ⱥԡ
һɱһͷȺ㲻ݣ
ͷޣʹҲ̲סĳ嶯ˣôּͷ޳Ⱥӳ
ʿΪλ˽ôʿȴҽУͷǾ㹻Ǻһˡ
أֱͶ
ѾմǵѪҺͽѪҺζЩǻ׷ĺǣݡ
ɱһµˣֻпɱˣɱһͷɱɱһͷҲɱ
еǺӽҲޣһ׹ʮͷǱ׵統ͷУ֫鴤ñʧȥ
أ
ԽԽǾۼ׹һܶȥ
أ
뿪ãǰʿ˽һͿۼ֮ܶеǣɫ䡣
ûץס͵һӵĻòǰ˳˽˲ͱȺɢʿǿڡ
쳷̴һеĴһâնһͷնɱ
أ
ȺĹǵûκεļӵĿ񱩣ǰʮתۼֻʣϸˡ
˿֪ԼĹϵǰ˾޴ʧʱֵܶڵ֮ʹſܣȵϢôס·ĺˮʪ
øߵ¶ȣ͸̾һһ·Ȼûз澣ͳྫ֥ҩ
ѵҪߣ૵
¶ȾѾ֮ˣߵĻԼܲס¶ȡ
ˣô׸ˣͲɵԴ
׿ջ棬ôЩȻҲڻ¡
ֻϻһ˲ͳϡ
ֻΧ˲˲٣еȫա
˱׵İ֮ܶеѾ첻ʲôӰˣȴ˿Ĵ⡣
ྫ֥һ޴Ϳһɫ֥ǵָĶʮҩеĳྫ֥
ʹϲһ˳ྫ֥Աߣ־Ҫȥժ
˻ͻȻྫ֥Χðĺɫĳӣȫػڳྫ֥Χ
ϡһ˼
ȻֻһƷޣǶǳȺӣһǳɰǧϺо綾ҧеĻȫ죬һʱȫᱻճɻҽ
û뵽ྫ֥ΧȻкػһǺϵĳѨҪȡྫ֥ͱ취Щϡ
̸ףߴɵ֮ϣôĺϺûʲô
Ҫȡྫ֥Ҳûа취׶֮ޱȣЩϷӦ֮ǰྫ֥ȡߣȻߣʹǺҲûа취
һ׹ྫ֥ͱУ
ˣ
¿ͱѣĺϴ֮зɳĳ͡
Щȫһգʱﻹ͵Ӱ
ӶݵͿеĳྫ֥̲סЦһ澣ڵͲˡ
ˣ
ͶͻȻһ
Ϻ󣡡ɫһ䣬һ׹
ϺĶһ׵磬һڶҺ˳
̡ⶾҺ׵Ļ⵲档
ͲɵһϺĶҺǿǺͺˮȻкܴĲ࣬ˮ߶޷ʴ׸οһϺ
ԼĶҺ޷вͣϺһХ֮ǰһѷҴܵĺϣ˲жˢˢĹ͡
ϺȺ֮žԵ쵼λȺԥϺ쵼Ϻ쵼ϸӵĿ¡
춼ǺɫСе޴һŵסĺϣʮִһĺϲϵ£ûõϾͳһϵʬ塣
Ǻǰ̣η
ҲЩģ޴׵֮׹һ˲ʧ֮ܶС


196 ɻ
ˣ
ˣ
ľȻĿǰһҲû뵽Ȼܵطˡ
ҽ治ϷݣʱʱĻһЩҽɽߣϵı׵ס
ͻȻһŹֵľﲻԾٶȻͷӵҽȥɲΧʮҪҪĶܿһɽϴĻҪĻҽݣ϶Ҫ֮ǰǿࡣ
뵽ܡٳɡ
ұһ㡣γұϷɴڶȥ
׼ұϷĸߴܿɼӿĻ
Ȼһҽ䡣
һɾ޴ҽЮޱȵơ𡣲ƫʮɸߵұϵײ
;Ĳԣ̸ı䷽һΣǿһƮҪܿǵҽ
ǹҽһҲתһ䣬׷͡
Ͳ״ʱһҪƿڴĲ㲻۾Ҳ֪ǵĻ硣
Ǳҽӵ¡ͼǳô֪䡣
Ȼתһ˦޻ΪһĽâҽ׷ҽӭͷһΪ롣
ǹҽһ±Ϊʧȥ׹ҽУ޵ҽ˻
ҽʼҵķҽ֮оȻһ޴ʯ飡
ʯΧһɳȵĻΧʯ鵱͵һѣʯͷ֮оȻһֻƴС棡
Сʯ֮г֮һͷҽ֮С
ҲǱһĻһͷˮСʲˣΪԼʲôֲأ벻ֻһֻСӰˡ
ЦЦԼҲʵ̫ˣֲľԱĸо
¡ҽ֮ͻȻһը
ոת̲סͷʲôЦ
һȫðŻʯȻҽ֮˳
ҽʯĿͷҲ̫ˣͷߴʮɵҽʯޱֱСվھǰҲͷ
ҽĻʮʹҲЩҽ壬ܹҽ棬ͷҽʯͨͽ޿ɱȣʵȶƷޣ
뵽Ͷϵ亹ʱðаû뵽ȻʱӺðһͷϵޡ
ֻҽʯҽһȭʱҽ𣬳ͳ
ԭ֮ǰڸһ׹ҽ
Ǻһҽתһ֮һγͳ

׵罫ҽ䣬ЩҽڵϾȻͻɫʯΪһ壬漴һֻС͵ҽʯ͵ǰ
ƣһֻ׹˲佫ͷС͵ҽʯĵķ顣
ǳϵǣЩʯȻһεһƺûܵκε˺
̲סüͷصҲǵһμȻһԶԭ
䣡һҽð˳
顱ҽ֮ڵ˲۳һͷС͵ҽʯ
͵ĲɵĳȥЩҽʯԽ
ƽͷС͵۾ʯ飬ڿն𣬶ҽеʯһޣ

ҽʯһ޴ֱӦѣ
סˣû뵽޴ҽʯȻ˵Ĵ޴Ҳͨʯͷˣһ顣
ĳ׳˹ȵףҽ֮зɳʯ޴ֱ˲͸ԭˡ
ִҲĹͷ۵顣
ȻӰɣ͸תʮҽ𣬷סеĺ·ҽ֮ͻһС͵ҽʯת֮͵ĺ·ͱ
ɫĿҽ֮еľ޴ʯ񣬲֪Ӧ
ֻҽʯһţһɾĻ˳
գϹâʢͬˮһ㣬Ļ汻գ˱֮С
𣡡һܶ¶˲½ɭ׵Ļ˲佫ЩҽʯΧתۼЩҽʯͱ˱
ȡһͷʯ˫һʯ˲˷ĩ
ʯĸ֮£ȻһֻĴָСĻɫĳӣʹǱסɫĳȻţҲŲ˶á
΢΢̾˿ЩҽʯӦþЩɫСˣЩСӽʯҽԼı㣬ȻƾЩƶս
ûв´Ļҽ֮еǸһӦЩСɵġ
һ
ҽ֮еʯƺҲ˱һĳʮȭҽҵķڣǰȻγһҽǽס͵ı

˲ҽɵǽ˱飡
鲻ϵ죬ҽ˱飬ߴʮɵҽʯҲ˱鶯á
Ͱ˿ԼпҽʯıĻ»ԶԸ
ʯҽıͨʿϺһеĻɫСֻҪЩС治ܲϵĲҽʯ
ӦˡͿҽʯͷ
֮ǰƴСɫСҽʯͷֻɫСҪСö࣬ӦһȺСеͷ
ҽʯͷеĻɫСȡ˳
صСӡͿɪɪС档
ڿлһ󣬵һԼѪ󷨵ǣ֮£ѪҺûСͷ
Сӵһ֮䡣
Сӿдһ˿־壬ִһ˿ϣƺܿϵĶ
üͷ֪СӵҪʲô
СӵͷָǱɱʯ
𣿡üͷһ塣
ָϳһ˿
Сӿһ˿۾һһ˿־յ͵ϣһһϵı
ȻɵٶȺǵȷš
һ˿죬Сʵ̫棬ɡ
СƺɻΪȻҲҽ֮档
ɻ棬Ժͽɻ档͵˵
ɻƺˣ˵ͷ
ɻս֮ͱ뿪һܶ
ȻһܶȴõɻҲø˰ɡ
һҪѰҵ澣ȴʼûҵ
ҩѰ˵澣ϵһλҩʯɽռʮռ澣ԻԪһݵĵλҶҪķ֮ã֪澣жϡˡ
ɽܴڲǴ۸ӣһܶͨһԹһ㣬ҪСĻɽڵĻϵޣҪעʱ緢ҽСվҽ緢ϵĻʿҲ
ʲôˣüͷһ壡
ǺǿΪѾأǻѡһЦ
ѡһɴŮ΢΢Ц


197 澣
ûв´ĻǰﶫǸŮˡüͷ
ǴȻܲµҡЦ
üͷûµĻÿŮ˳Ϲϵ
ѻػ֮رضҪѰһЩֻطҵĶӦΪɴѡİɣЦ
ΣͲͷ˵
֮лõϵľôңҪȥһأʵ
ûйϵһ
˲Ҳ΢΢һЦǧô˵ҲѰҵĻϵأôҲȽ֮ܶУõһЩϵҲǲܰɡ
ͷһŮ˵ûȷܡ
澣͵˵
Ůһ˿ȵ飺һҩ
˵꣬ŮӾʹӴ֮ͳһɢϢľ
ҪѰҵ澣ʲôʵ
ǿ˿ҲͲϻˣ˲ǰ澣ˡ˵ǰʱŮðһɱȻͲǰŶԹ
Ϊһ澣ҾҪһΪУܲǡҡҡͷ
ŮЦЦѣ澣ϡ٣ʹ֮ܶҲһеڶꡭ
ĻŮû˵ȴԣѾûбѡ
аգһ㣬ȻѾ֪Ҫҵ澣һ˿⡣
Ļͽ֮ľٶǶŮӿУôŮӲ
ѱᣬֻǿϵĳྫ֥ߣƲҪѰҵ澣˵
һ
ǵǴӦˣʵ
ҲǰڵλãͳԱʵ͵˵
һ㶣㲻֪ΪʲôҪɱǰ
ûȤһ
Ҳû뵽;Ȼˣ׼õ˵Ҳûô
ǰһɢԷγɵ֯ڵΪΪʮΪʮ
ǰʵ̲֮סüͷ㲻ָһ˸ɵʮʿɡ
Ȼᣬǰ֮ܶʱܵǵĹ˹룬ڻŵҲֻа̺ͼڵʿˡ͵
Ϣûж˵˲ʧǰ
˹ȵɵ¶һ˿ЦݣȻûпˡ
һɴϢ˲ʧһɴȻܸʿϢ͵Ϣ֮ͬ
ƾɴܲͷ֣ͽ֮һлУͷҲֻΪ֮
ŮӺúݵļơڰͲɵ̾˿
ҲǴиɴϢ
һжһ˿ɱŮӾԲŮӻüֵ澣С
΢΢̾˿׹һֱܶڡ
ǰʧ˴󲿷ֵ֮Ѿ˵ܶʮ֮⡣
϶ദˣϸǱҧһ⡣
̵ģץסǸˣһҪȼɱ̷߷ߵ˵
磬̫֮ܶΣգôǸͽȥһʿ˵
ǽȥҲӾͲһӲЦһ
ͨصõͷһɱֱһһ
˭һĿˣԷȻڲ֪֮иɵ֡
Ҫˣһ
еǺӽնâɫһ䣬еĴ󵶽סնĽâ
㵽˭Ҳǰԩ޳Ϊʹ¶֣̺
ûҪ֪һ˿⣬˲˵̵ۿǺӽҪ̵̽塣
˭֪һת𵶵סǺӽ
ʿȻӡЦһ
ն
飡һˡ
ڣҲǰһâ
¶Цݣ⼸âѾסе·ɣ
ͣһƳɲǼƵס˵̵ĵâһһ׵磬̲Ӳˡ
ͣ
ϳһС
Ĺͷ͵оۺϣγʮǱޡ
űɸӵĵ΢΢̾˿ڵʿҲˡ
еĽȻ󽫼˵Ĵ֮͸˵̵ͷ­һ֮ܶС
ɡͰѵ̵ͷ­һӡ
ʯ˳ŵϵ̵ͷ­ɵЦЦǺֶΣȻôնɱ˵̡
澣üͷ
˵ͷ澣ȻԸѣǵѱԼħģõ澣֮󲻵˺
ħ֮ģһ
ÿʿħħһΥԼ޼ޱȣҼħʱٲ
Ŷ㵹СģǷҲӦħģý㿴һ˵ȥЦһ
ȻЦ
˵ָһѪ˳ħģպǽ췢˵÷
Ҳѧħġ
ˣ澣Ұɡ˵
˵ͷװ澣н͡
һĺЦ
𣿡һһʧǰ
뿪һЦˣǾҲû֪ˡ
ǰ¶һ˿ЦݣɴһӰҲʧ֮ܶС
֥ͺ̲ݣϼǿûҩ
һЩʿ֪»ὫԼеĲϸ߼ЩܱͨʱüļǮȻԸۣҲҪģϼ֮ҲûеĻô;ֻһνϪˡ
ʱջҲ⣡
Ҳ֪Եջô
صջ֮ͷԵûлɵüͷԵֻҪնɱһͷޣӦò̫ѣΪεڻûл
ˮڷŵͽ׼ǲò˫ȫˮҪ
ʱϼ֮ѾдʿڶҪĲˣ۸Ҫƽʱ߳屶ʮ
ʹĸ߼ۣҲԼȥϾһʯȡһԾŵĻᣬ˲ô㶼Ǻܻġ
źǣתϼǶûҵҪĺ̲ݺ֥ҲޱȵץҩȻѰ


198 ⾵봫
֮ͻûռ֥ͺ̲ݣһµʱҲǴһɴѡ;ͱٵʮˣ
ѵҪһɣвɵ뵽
Щɵ˵ɣĪ˵ǶƷޣǶƷͶնɱİգϼյӵ֮Ҳֻеںйϵ
ͼɲΪʶһ֮ǷԼյ롣
һһУС
磬һˣջ
Եƽ£Ͳɵһ
صջ֮ͷˮҲˡ
Եô£նɱһͷӦòѰɣΪȥôã͹ĵʵ
ԵصЦЦԵˮҲ¶һ˿Цݡ
նɱһͷȻѣһҾͰ쵽ˣʣµʱҼҩԵЦ
ҩһ㶡
֪Եལŵ֮УûҩĪǡ
̲ĿԵ
ҵ֡ԵЦŽԼҵҩŵϡ
֥߲ݣݡ
;ȵĿҩоȻһһֱûҵ֥
ӵѰûҵ֥ȻԵҵˣ
̲סЦԵɰҴæˡ
ҩռȫˣԵʵ
ûУ֥Ļһһֺ̲ݡҡҡͷ
Եһ㶣ʱҪˣȥϪĻˡ
Ҳ֪Ѿϼ֮й˺üˣû˳ۺ̲ݣʵǲеĻҲֻܻһˡ΢΢̾˿
Ҫȥϼǵĵ̿ûк̲ݵģˮ
ҡҡͷѾʹˣ̲ҩãе̻ҩĴҩһǰҲһա
Ҫô죿Եʱˡͣһ˿â
ͣԵһ㶡
֮±·ҾͲϼһ꺮̲ݶûˡ˵
磬׼٣Եʵ
Ʒʯ͵˵
򡭡Եˮ̲סһ
ţȳȥһˡ˵֮߳˿ջ
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һ͸ʮʯĴ⣬ǧ¥֮еĵλλүȻҪͿ
ҷһϢȥ͵˵
ʲôϢ˵ͷ
չһ꺮̲ݡ
ѵеͻȻ˵ϡ
ʲô˵һ飿ΪԼˡ
һ꺮̲ݡظһ顣
ȷԼû֮ŵĿͣѣ̲ƽʱҲһǧʯˣ۸ʵе㡭
û취ϼ֮еĺ̲ݶˡʼ
ȻҲǴˣȻܲµҪǵڣҲֻеڵŻҩ
ˣһ־ʮʯңΪĸɵأΪȴҪ뵤ڣ
ѣ⺮̲ϼûˣǲûаЦЦ
ѵ˼
ǧ¥ڸĳ֮Ҳзֵֵֻ꣬¥֤һ£֪ûк̲ݡЦ
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˵ͷʮʹǴʱҲˣԱ󣬵ҪķѴʯԡ
͵˵ͷҪʯ
ʮƷʯ˵
ͲɵüͷƷʯ̺ƷʯҪƷʯĶһ1100ĻĻҪʮƷʯĻӦҪһǧһǧٿƷʯ
ûƷʯƷʯɡ˵
ȻԣһǧٿƷʯЦ
ͳһǧٿƷʯŵϡ
ˬ죬Ҳ飬һ澵ͻȻһ⣬ӴͳʮƷʯ֮ʮƷʯǶ˾Χ
þа̾һ
ƷʯȻƷʯܹġ
һ뾵УʮƷʯһ⣬оȻһӰ
ҶôͻȻˣѵʲô鷳ˣ˲ɵüͷ
ЦЦʦ壬鷳ˣһλҪһûУֻ鷳ʦˡ
ʲô
̲ݡ˵
һΪʲô˲õĶأһ꺮̲Ҳֵ㿪ʯûطˣһ
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ţ˵ֻʮƷʯϷһҫ۵Ĺâռ侹Ȼһ󲨶ʯ·һɢźҩ
лʦ壡˵
СһƷʯܼӡ˲ɵһͼתۼʧˡ
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˾Ϊ⾵ûй֮ܣȴﴫÿһοҪʯҵ¥ʮ֮ҲֻǿΰˡЦ
͵˵ͷǿƾճֵĺ̲ʱǧ¥Ǹһ¥ܹʮ֮⽫Ʒ͵ֶǺš
ѣ̲ڴˣһǧƷʯЦ
һҪлˡЦЦ
ûİæ⺮̲ݻû䡣
ҵˣҶǧ¥ϼǷ¥¥ҶЦ
ͣɢޡЦЦ
Գɢ޵ʱҶһ˿ȣɢ֮ҵĿҲ֮ˣҶûеƣϾÿ˶Լܡ
ϣһμѵʱڵ֮ˡҶ¶һ˿Цݡ
һ˿ɻ󣬵ǻЦЦ
õ˺̲ݣҲζŵڵѾˣͽҪľڴѡ֮Ƴһ¯Ʒҩˣ˵ʮþȵ顣
뿪֮Ҷһο˿ϧʮƷʯ
ûһ쿪ΣʯĶòˣĴӵ۵ġ
үүʹүү˵һ£ҵڵķ¥ȥҶſ˵
ôˣʲôڴСѾͷȥҡһڻؾҶ
ҪҾҪȥڣӦҵĻȥҾ;ʣһӣǰֳһҶȻڳһСŮ˵̬
ɫһ䣬һ뵽ԼʣһӲɵĿЦСѾͷˣȥʹ˵˵㵷ҡ
ģҲŲأҶЦЦֱж
Ѿͷ˿Цһ


199 
֮Ҳʮһȵɴѡʽʼʱ
ʿȻڴЩûʿȹϵϣĴϣͷ
ãã˺֮Եô΢
磬ö˰һʮʿ˰ɡԵ˵
ţ˵⻹ֻһаˣһЩɻͬʱʮٸյӡ͵˵ͷ
ʮʿΧϼǵһ㳡֮ϣʮʿ֮ҲмܹѡУĶǱſһ̬ϣԼĳλǰУֱΪҵӣһԾš
ǰҲû˵һŶʿһλᵤʿֱ֣Ϊҵӡ
Ͷϵڱһ򶼲ôģԼܴʲô飬Ǳݵܹ죬ЩҲûʲôô
ͻȻһӴѹԶ֮˸ܵӴѹ
һжͲɵ̾˿ԭΪԼʶѾǺǿˣЩ֮оȻ⻹ɢ֮аˣЩ֮еĵôֶΣ
߷⣬ϼ֮󣬲ŻԶĹ㳡ǰʮµʿϵģҲģɫվ֮ɢһƬɵĿط˸ҿ
ལŵˣ
Եɫһû뵽һֵɾȻҪལš
ͿԶʮʿϰɵüͷЩӦལͨӣϵ˿ڽȻԼһЩ࣬ĲС
ɵӣа̾һ
䣡һɫĽâٷ
˲䣬һɫĽâͳΪϼǹעĽ㣡
䣡ɫĽâڿըѣϸСƬ㳡֣
ɫһ䣬⽣âѿҲֵܹģ
Ǿ˻ҲѵʱĽâ˲ʧһɫ۵ʿལŶǰ
μʦ壡ལŵĵӹ˵
Ϸལųϣߵ˵
һʯǧˣལųϣҲζǽᵤڵĸ֣
ౣͻȻ
ֻֻλӲƮƮ˶ĳˡ
ŵˣ
һֻ޴ڿ˼Ȧ֮󣬻Ľ䵽˹㳡ϡ
ޣа
ƮƮ޴ϵŮ΢΢һЦ
ɵǳΪɿһͷÿһµɶ¶һ֣ʾǵʵ
ҲһЩȴ͵ĺܣҪĵھеĴеӶֻ̤ŷɽڹ㳡֮ϰˣͷĽᵤʿʵǲôݲ˵һľվڰ֮ͶŵľǣȫǷ֮е
λѶĲˣǵھͿʼɡʿһá
ϼɴѡʼߵӦǰܿˡ
ԵˮҪСһ㡣
֪ˣǻСĵġ
Ÿ뿪ͲɵЦЦ̨
㳡ȻгǧʿܹĲȼˣֻкһֵ˲ŻĿ˵㡣
һεϼյĵʮ¼ӹ̣һʱ䣬Ϊֹδʱһֱˡ
˶ȿֺΨˡ
ǰһƬȣ־ҪźལˣɵȽϼ򵥣ɵȻࡣ
ͿԵӴнһͷԵʬóʱڳһ󾪺ԿǶƷޣѶԸལŵĵҲû뵽ȥնɱޡ
Ҳ̲סԵһۣһ㣬Թ۲һ¡
ͱ۾·Χһжûϵһ㡣
Ҳû뵽ԵȻնɱһͷƷޣżƷܣټһƤףԵȷˮ׼ͶƷ޶Կ
ˮһɣˮͳټ£ʣڼǰ϶顣
ȣǰȴſȸֻˡ
ͶԴ˲֣ڵѶȱͺܴ󣬲ҪռʮҩҪ֮ɢ˵ȷǺѡ
Ҳ֣һЩʿûϽҩҲ¼ȡˣ⵹е⡣
ߵڵǰԼռĶʮҩһһ棬¼ϸ˶ҩݡ

͡
䡣
ʮ
Ϊ
ڡ
¼̲סһۣʮڵΪ֮Ҳһλˡ
͵¼ڲ֮;İվһߡ
һ¯ƷҩѡҩԱһλӶͼ˵
һԵʮʿȴҪһء
ΪʲôֻǼأ֮ǰҾע⵽ˣҩûнΪʲôȴͨһʿ̲סʵ
ʮǵڵ뿪ʦ֮ڸĴУ¼ȡȨڵӵ˵·Ӧģûʲôס
⼸̲סüͷ˵ǼƽģͻǽеĲ޲첲šȣǲܺõڶ
ʮ˸ʿһţ⼸ָָģг˲м·ǾǸ߸ϡ
ȻнһȴڣһȺڵĵȡЦܵˣ
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ֵһ£滹Ŷã
ʱΪһ죬֮ǰδƳƷҩģԶ뿪ڵӵ˵һ֮󣬱뿪ˡ
ͿЦһһȺɢ޻ǲ˴
ɫ¯ó֮ͱ㽫׼õѪյĲȡ˳
Ǻĵ¯ʱȺӵܵЦˡ
Ǹܵ¯֮籡ľƹȴ۾Ŀǰĺ¯
ⵤ¯ΪκҵڵĻ¯ƣƹд󺧡
ǽ̽ûʲôƹֻǽⵤ¯Ϊ򵥣Ͳܲˡ
Ͱеַһеҩ˵¯֮С
һΪǸأ벻һ׳գҽ뵤ڣһӵЦһ
ЩӵܣһҲ̲סϧֻԱ
˿Ӱ죬еķԽԽ죬ȫʢʱڻҪϲ٣һϢ֮ڴһٰʮ
ƹһһ˿ȣַȻûп⿴ҵķȴһ£޷͸
Сӣкܶܣƹ
ͲҶڵֻһʾʹۿˣһʱͲŽҩ


200 
ȻͶԼٶȺܲ⣬ˣ͵ٶѾͬˡ
һʱͽеҩᴿѾںϽ׶ΣֻǸոһҩˣٶȶ͵ķ֮һ
ƹ۾ҲڻָѣȤĿ͵ַȻڿⲢԺҲܲʲô
ȫע˿ûע⵽ԼȻһᵤڵĸ͵ʦˡ
ͼ֮£ҩҺڵ¯֮ײںϣ¯֮ɢһҩ㡣
һҩڳ֮˶һ֮ǰһֱЦ͵ļӵҲȵĿͣȻǶ浫Ⲣǲʶǵҩ֮ǰԤס
ŹȥʱȻѾˣǺεȵٶȣ
ʣµһеķҲͣҲΪСʧʹ¯еҩױϡ
ÿһֻᴿһҩʧҲ̫ƷһʧܵĻҪͷˡ
һķڣ¯ðһŨĵ㡣
ɹˣ΢΢һЦ
һεʮ˳ʹûж֮Ҳûгʲô©ΨһźĹ̳һ㣬ķ˽3ʱ⼸Ҫһʱ䡣
¯֮һѪյƽʱƵҪ˼ֻͨ˵Ѿĺܲˣʹǵܹ֮ͬҲֻˡ
ƹи¶һ˿֮⣬ϵ츳ʮ⣬ͽλʱƹ̲סüͷ
λʵ̫ˣλҲԥĽǽ
Ȼ㲻ʲôʣֻһԺᵤҲǲܡ
û˵˲ܽᵤģһ޷ᵤĵӣʹڳɫպĳɾҲ޵Ľ
ƹɵ̾˿ƺΪһӶϧ
˿ԼѾƹѳɴĵ͡
ʹ֪Ҳ⣬ϾԼˣǲܵ飬ȴˣҽЩν˦һξ롣
Լһܹᵤž֮в顣
֮ǰȫƷҩ˳ҽӵıȻмˢӣܹͨƹƺһ㶼þȡ
еһ¼˶ʮӣδʮ֮ɶͳһ뿪ϼǡ
ҵڵĸſһЩڹ棬һ¡һλڵĵӸÿһ
ͽʶ֮УеϢ
֮нܣڵشݾڣǵ쵱ĴɣҲżߵĵλ
ڷΪڣڣͳ֡
½뵤ڵĵɵģҲǵһɣ󲿷ֵӺӶڣɹΪ¹󹦣һӾֻܴˡ
ڵӲٺԶԶڵӣڵҪĽڸָɵ񣬶ڵȴԼѡ
ãĳλᵤ濴ӵĻǾԶתΪڵӡ
ڵڽڵӾͽ򣬶ڵȴֻȰˡ
ڳǵڵĸ߲ˣȫнᵤڵɣԷľžصá
֮еϢεļ֮Ͳɵ̾˿
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شﲩһΪݣݡݡݡݡݡݡԥݡݡӺݣǾݵģʢ֮ء
ڵشݣϼò̫ԶǼʹһ㻨˰µʱŸϵ˵ڡ
ռһƬɽҽһƬɽΪɽ
ɽһһ壬塣
塣
ֱǣϼ壬Ȫ壬壬壬壬壬壬Ʒ塣
Χǧɽ壬ǧɽڵӵľסˣֻڵӲܽ룬Ļֻнᵤܹɳˣʹڵӳźͳٻý룬ڵӸɴͷҪС
ڵɽŴѾʮλᵤڴˣҲųĶ飬ҲǸոջ
ʹԵĹһ£һε˽İӣڵռ˴󲿷֣ڵҲʮλӡ
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쵽һ׵ۣһƷһֻ¯һݵơ
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Ѿ˵ģ̵ǿеģǱԤ˵ģ̵ѡһɡʿ˵
ͲĿһ˸С㣺ʲô
ÿһʿӵԼĶﶼΧģ࣬ѡһˡʿͷ˵
͵˵ͷһƧĵ㣬ʿѡĶ¼ڰ˲ͱ˺ɫֶ;̾ѡ
һµϤڣ֮ɾͻһΪޣһָ֮ʣµʱɷ䡣ʿѵ
лʦ㡣ʯ
ʿɫƽĽӹ͵ʯܶأİɰɣѾˣԺᾡɵĸ
ЦЦһεݹʯǾͶлʦˡ
ʿĵ˵ͷպٵ֣ڻеġ
͵˵ͷסԼĶλ֮뿪񴦡
СӣͦϵġЦЦһ͵õ˽ʮʯ롣
ڵӹĶ׾ݣҲֻǱɢ޺һˣʯҪ׬ҲǺò׻쵽һִ£յӵʱ׬ʱ
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ǵñᵤʿŵǼֺӣЩᵤʿеʿպضƽƣһԾΪڵĴڡ
ڵٺһƷʯ˵ҩˣȥڵӺڵӵĲָԽԽҲѹΪʲôôڵԴҪڼڴϼֱȡ
ϲֱĻһҲгͷ֮ˡ
ΪˮһЩ׼ȻǵҲѹ΢΢̾˿
һ˼ʱ֮ͲŵԼĶȽƫƧȻܾöûùˣӲݴ
ִһ潫ǰӲǺӽڶԭеĻһңʯͷ̳ΰЩƷ
ͲɵЦԺҪĵطˡ
ϡһ㡣ǿ˲١ʱȥһ׾


201 ɻ
ڵķпһСоֻһֵѣֵϱ϶˽дССʮݣЩ߻ͣе¥еֻСݶѣǲβ롣
ЩǵڵĲҵֻһС뻹ɵڵԿţһ˳ڴɼɢ֮ˡд󲿷ֶԭϡԼĵ̣Ҳһרų۳꣬䷽ʳӵľ¥Ϳջ
гЩͽִµ⣬һڸֳפش˵أάִ˷е򣬷ֹ˵ҡ
ֵһأտҲǸʱ̯רµġֻҪϽ˴ĵڵһͽʯ֮˾Ϳյش̯һκθţڰ̯ڼ仹ܵЩӵıúгһô˻㱨
ЩĴʩõڵķ¡һЩϡ֮ӷвʱ˸Ա
֪нڵӰˣڵӺͳȥ߼ķУڴССķв⼫˵ڵӡ
Ϳŵڵķвɵ̾˿ⵤһС͵һ㣬ɵĹģͲġ
ڷйȦ֮ͷ̯λҲûʲôöǾͰĿԵĵϡ
һŵ֮кȻǧ¥֣
Ϳǧ¥ҶɵЦЦǧ¥ĹģƺҪ󣬾Ȼڶз¥
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뵽Щ;Ϳǧ¥֮С
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ڵӣͿСϵĵ۾Ȼǵڵĵ̲סʵ
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Եȡ˵˵ͷ
ܿóһ׾ͼҩӡ
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˵ǸµɢޣҿҲǧ¥һλӺݻŮӵЦ
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ڻͬУҶһ
ŮЦЦڹڵӾ֮ڣһڵӣڵĳȤûС
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λѻ֪ȻҸұ֤һꡣŮЦ
صԼͽڶΧ֮Ũ˲
ҩ֮ǰͿٺõĿյ֮ϣ˦ˮһ֮;ͲЩˣ
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ˣͲڶĽͻȻһζ
Ӧ˳֮УһУһöɫĴС
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Ϳеݲɵ̾˿һµʱҲ̫˰ɣô͹ȥˡ
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٣㲻ֵ֪ôڵĲʯǻ֣˻ܶһ֮򲻵Ʒ˵
ͲЦЦӦǵΪ˴̼ŪĽƶȡ
ʦ֣ʲôûһӼ񡣡Ц
ǲֵĺôˣȰ㻹Ƚٽʧˣͷ˫ġüͷ
лʦ㣬Ц
ټͼӲɵҡҡͷЩ˾ǲײĲᣬԵҲã˿ѧˡ
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ɣƾһһָ֡һ˵
˵ֵܣûҪѵɣȻܼ򵥣̫ʱ㻹ȥնɱͷʵڡȰ
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û취ƾҩԷǧ㽻Űϸˡ˵
͵˵ͷЩ϶дһѶȵ񣬼ʹ򵥵ľܱϵĳɹ·Ѿܲˡ
˵һǧҪնɱһͷļ򵥡
ȥͷ˵


202 
ɽܴ󣬵ǵжŵĽᵤҲ˵
һǿԿ϶ģڵռķΧɽİٷ֮һ
ɽڵڵ˵һգ޴ĵɽҲڵӴ˺ܶĺô
һЩڵڵɽзֹһЩϧҩϽ֮õ˴Ļ֣пҵڵɽǰõǵĴС
ܶ൤ڵڵӶȺӵĽ뵤ɽɱޣȻ󵽷׬һЩʯ
ȻҲϽɣû֣ڵ˵ԶԶûʯôջԴ붼˷С
˳ֽһͷնɱ֮վ֮ϡ
뵤ɽѾˣ;ĶһЩһޣ޵ӰӶûм
ѵ޶ˣ̲ס뵽
ķչΧ޺ҩɵĲˣҪҵ߼޺ҩͱС
֮󡭡
ͣеǺӽ̽˽ڵͷ­
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Сӣ󣡡ʿһ
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ʿһâһâǰʿƺûע⵽âȫٱܣǾһâ̴ʿüģ
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ʿֳΣűʬʿЦһժĴ֮ﳤȥ
Ŀһ׷ɱüͷ壬ӷϿ˶ڵӣǿ˵ĺҲ˵һֽΪϣڷǧʯʹϽҲŪʮ֡
ⵤɽ֮У֮ᱻɣ֪ⵤɽҲһЩͽʿķسɱ˶ᱦ鳣зͿһĻһˡ
ǵâӦͷѱʶ׽ʿĲԩ뵽
֮жġȻ˽⣬ԼùʱǧѩƷܹӵޡͷʲˣѷʶˣҲѷһâ
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һ㣬һʮһʿѲɻ뷭죿ԱߵʿЦ
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ҲǵڵڵӣһŻרŽɱӵɽзصĵӣרµʿ֣Ǳնɱ˲ٵĵͽʿջҲķᡣ
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˵Ĵ֮һ£ʿ֮оȻһǧʯڵ֮Ҳټˣɱ˶ᱦȻѸ¸ĺð취
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Ȼ׼˾ҩǴһٶҩеٵĿƳľЧҲǴۿֻۣƵķ֮һҡ
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ЩҪͻ濴ۣ⼸ҩӽ֮ͱóԼ׼ҩ¯
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һʿɹҲң򵥵ľһ¯Ҳͳʮʮңٶһϵġ
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Цеĵ˵ͷǴʦϵõĺôͱȼʮ˻Ҫ࣬Ҳ͵رġ
ʦܷģԺҶţڵÿ¹̶Ҷ㻻񡣡Ц
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лʦ֣СҲе㱾£պʦҪֱСܣСΪʦЦ
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ҩʿпռ˴ͷһ˿԰Ļپʡȥһ룬Ͼҩļ۸͵ҩļ۸ɲͬһϡ
˼֮ͲĻص˶
ƻشһʮһ֡
ƻʮһ֡
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ǽˣ˵Ҳܵõһʮ֣ڵ֮Ҳǲˡ
ͲɵЦЦһȻǵﶼԵÿ
ʹ֮Ҳ˶ģҲֻڵЩӢӲӴڣܹľǷëǣȻʮѪյҲһû˽ˡ


203 
ǿ¾׬ǧٸ֣ڵ֮мġ
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һθȥһ󡣡˵
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ٵ˵ͷӦģ֮һҲʲôˡ
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ÿ궼ᷢģ˾ͼֲˡЦ
һжȥ
ǧҰɣʿˣʣµĶڵˡ˵
͵ƻ֮ٴյ͸ǰ˵Ҳչ㣬㵽֮öǶ١
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һͷڵЩһûǧҪЩһϣһ۸ڶļһͿڡһ뵽Щ˾ͺ޵ġ
ڵôͲΪȻ˵
ʱ仹̣ڵ㲻ЩȻ񣬵Ҳпʵ˵һڵڵһнһڵĵնɱһ뵽ڵӵĿ¾̲סӡ
ôǿʹڵͣҲһɱڵʿЩڵӵʲô·
֮ȥǾͶˣȻҲǰû˻ΪͷġȰ
֪ˣֲɵôƽ޹ʵȥڵӶءЦЦ
ǾͺãҿɲôˡЦ
µʱ䣬ͺֻҲǽһ˿꣬ڵ֮ҲֻٺԼ̸ˣͲųڻء
֮յʱɽżϡ˵
͵˵ͷƿ
Ҿ֪СУĻ°빦ҾܳᵤˡЦ
ǾȹϲˣʱǧʦܰЦЦ
Ȼô˵ȴ١
ȻڵΪٹ굽ԲҲѣû̫ĻĻᵤ̸ס
ڽᵤҲʮڵӶûмܹᵤοڵӡ
Ҳ˵˵ʲô鵤ҩһǽᵤˡԳ
Ȼֻ˳һᣬȴڵӵĿ¼ڵǿҲǺ۸ģԼľתڵĹйűô˵Ҳܺڵƴһƴ
֮յѸٸϵɽżϡ
ʱɽǰѾۼ˴ʿһȺʿ֮оŸ˸ۡ
ڵӡͿſеľŵӰһ˿һ
׺ɣôҲжȻμˣΧһ󾪺
׺ɣŰ׷֮ӣ֮ҲŽǰʮ
ϼٻƣȪʤ䣬׹ڣƷ֡
͸徹ȻɳԼĴ
׺ɿŵӵһƬɵüͷ˲мΪ֮ȨҲʸ
ʦ֣û뵽Ҳμˡٻ΢΢һЦ
ɽһ£һûᡣ׺Ц
׺һ£ŵ𣬾ȻԶԶĽ͵˦
ŴڵӾȻƾżĶתۼʧ˵֮С
û˶ԾŴڵӵĿΪʾϾڵӱͺǲһϣǿϺڵͬǲˡ
ҾŴڵӴ˾ҲǼţΪ⿿Ǿ˱ѹ󱩶ͲҪǧڵͬС
ڵӶ˿̲ס˵һ䡣
ǧݹ⳯ȥʮڵ˵Ҳһľ룬ķǴʱŸϵʯ
ʱʯȴһƬǽ壬ʬҰʲˣڵߵʬ壬ڽмս
Щȥ׳еͻҪߣ϶ŸʽĻơ
Щʲôˣ̲סʵ
壬սʿһЩճкʿһϸµʵʿս֮ͱɿūڿˡһʿ˵
壡зһ˿羹ȻֹһȺ塣
Ӧսʿʯ󣬲ȻЩ岻˴󵨡Ʋ
սʿͭƤǵǹ룬Ȼ岻ʹƾǿԺ߶ߵǿķͷܱ£һ߶׶༪١
ɱʿһ˺
˲Ͽɱ죬ʿԴһ
ɱЩɶɱһʣ֮һճì˴һ
ìͶ˲佫һʿ̴ǳìƲһ̴ʮ˲ͣʹʿ÷ֵҲǱ³
ǿⳤìҲǷȻֲڣȴӲޱȣӦһĥɵġ뵽
彫ǲǶ֣ʿ춥ϣʿ
ǿ彫һӾͽһλʿᴩʿﻹȥǿɲΪǸʵǿ϶١
һȺƷһһâ彫
彫ìһսìеĳì֡
ΪڵӣΪȻнâЩâìϾȻ˶죬ìһ˺۶ûС
ǿķ޶Ҫǿоķʵ̫ǿ
ɱڵӵסǿ彫ڵӷɱ
ʿ̫÷ͷԶ
¡ԶҲ˼ս
׺ɼ˾ȻҲǿУܹڵӴòµıضĽ
׺һеĽâ¡
СޣΪȥٶɡ彫ͭЦ
ﾹȻô彫׺а
彫ǿԺʿһϸµĴڣսʿ彫ʵҪԶʤͨʿڵΪտͱЩ彫նɱˡ
һһ޴ͭ
һ׹һ˳ȥΧʿûôõˣȫҳ࣡
ףڳһ彫ͭһ˿âȻֱӱͶ


204 
ʹһæеǺӽֵ
꣡
ƷǺӽӦѡ
͵˫Ҳ޴ļҪѡ
ǿа
׹һ˲ͳ˰֮⡣
ͲɺӲ
ģܣͭһֱͶ
֮ͭʿӴܣȻͭóһ·
аѣһ
ˣɣӵһȦȦɢ
ΧʿһѣĸоЩʿˣ͸˵ǹͭˡ
ֻͭԼԴտյģ嶼ԼĿơ
гһ˻ꪣͭؿڡ
û뵽ǣͭ徹Ȼ˼ӲƷƻꪶ޷̴
ƣʹһעƻ֮У
ۣ
ͭؿ쭳һ˿ɫѪҺȫһȻֻǻͭƤķʵֲ̫
𣡡ؿڴʹͭ˲˹еͭ͵͡
ˣƻǰһͱ޴ɺԶ
Ʒôһ
ƻꪻ˴зֵģҲΨһһƷ򲻵ѵʱʵǲű
ͭŵĿԼؿڵ˿ڣȻֻһС˿ڣȷȷˣš
˴жĶ֮еĸ֣֮ǰ˵֮ͬкܹǵķһ֮ȴ
ìսĶǵڵڵӣʹ֮ҲжţǺԼսĲһ֮һ֮˵ͭеܲˣ
ɱͭһеĴ͡
ƣһƳ׵˲佫ͭΧҲϵ׵˺ͭ׵Եĸоͭһġ
֮кʱôһӣ׺ɲɵüͷ
۲ֻĶ彫ͭĹΪ֮ӣΪеġ
ǰ׺ɣ༸ҲûóȫǵһĽâ彫ÿ
ͨʿͶ㲻һȴͭԿõڵĵӳԾѣھŴ֮⾹Ȼܹ彫Դ
˦˦Լֱۣͭһֱ۵ڶġ
СӣָͭһսͭĴɤź
ͷ˷ۣпܵĻĲּһϣڼʹҲ߲ˣ彫ʵԶһʿþȫĻҲҪ﷭
תʹһϵ
תÿһתڵͻ;תѾ˶תĵزȫ߶Էӳԭʵ
ȫ߶תڵҲһģʹ͵ͬʿҲֻ֧һʱ䣡
͵ͻȻ˶һܿǱ֪ͱضǶĳǿʵططȻܹȵԼʵǶҲǼ𺦡
ãһͭ¡
նƻꪶͭһ㡣
˸˼һоȻƽɫ
޴Ȼⲫ׺Цһ
Ͳɵüͷʹת֮ҲĶ֡
תȷ棬ת֮͵ʵҪûиãĵıȽϿˡ
飡
飡
飡
ͳʿ֮ΨһһҺⲫʿ
彫̫ͭҲԽսԽͣʽ󿪴ϣȫ˷ƾһƷƤӴĹʹҲȫ֮²ƿͭķ
ͭͲᣬһ͹֧穣ҡҡ׹
㲻˰˽㣡ͭһһ£
кһս΢΢·һѪɫĻ͵ĴͭؿڣΪķѪɫĻ֮û˿ô
漴ϻһѪɫĻһαƻ´࣬һǳɣټѾսıԵͲ˷͵˷
ͭѪƻꪣȻǹ룬ҲֵֻܵƷˣƷֻгԱķˣοǹűͭѪƻűҲǲԩˡ
ͭʬ壬һװ˴֮Уɱ彫ӦǴһܵõٻֵġ
ͭһǵһûϵ彫Ȼôˣ
ͭ
һĹڣһ彫ص뽻
岻ͬߣһʿ˵󣬵һ彫˵һʱĲƲʹʿսҲн䣬ôһСжȻһλ
ɱһͭѾɱۣһαһϬ
׺üͷ̲סеĹҲʼ֮ǰ̽ľ˲ı䣬˫Ķʿչ˼ս
ɱ׺ҲǺ۸ģеķһ䣬һֻɫĵ¯ͭȥ
ͭɫĵ¯ɫһ䣬еĴ󽣣ɫ¯һ
ͭҵĹ֮£ɫĵ¯Ȼûһ˿𶯣
飡ɫ¯͵Сһͭ
⡱ͭһʮסԼ壬ĸѾһƴСɫĵ¯һȻ̴ĸ
ߵķ𣿡ͭ૵
ɣɫĵ¯ڿмٷŴۿҪͭҳ⽴ˣ
ˣ
ͻȻɫ¯ϵĻζ
η׺ɫһ䣬һ뵤¯֮Уõ¯ȶ
壬һ㶫ɣһڵ̤նһķɫ¯ڵһ磬͵Ļеİ׺ɣ
ۣ׺˲䵹˳ȥ
ǰʮİ׺ڵǰ޻֮
㣡ɱְͭɣ忴ͣ;һơ
⿿Ʒ˰׺ɣǱƻеĻﻹлĻᡣ
ף
սͶһƷ۶ܵǰ
飡飬˷ɣ
忴˿ԼƣƷС㣬ҵҪмƷʿû˷һȺ
ˣһƴ͵ϡ
Ǳֻǵ˼ûѣ
ս׵мֹŹ֣ҲȲ㣡һ£
䣡һѴ󵶴ϣһ˼
ᵤʿ
롣
ڼ롣
档
˫ȵĿնԳֵˡ
ݣȻһʿ֣㲻𣿡ɫĿŻڡ
ߣʿɱ彫ҲǳֽѵˣЦһ
壬ҪԳ壬ҲҪ֣ҵӾҪȫһ
𣿡Цһ
飡һԤ׵Ļ˻ڵؿڣǿ˲˿Ѫ
Ҫҵģۺ
ݣߣڼһʣµ뿪
һȻʧһǧսʿȴʯ֮оȳ塣


205 ױ
мһͲɵ˿Ȼб׺׵ţһĻ³Ҳòȥ
ǵùһξôصˣûǱˡͿЦһ
֣ԭʯϵرʧ룬һʿȻȻĽʯر
ūȫߣҲҪѺһūڴڼֻάֺÿϵɡ
۱֣úܶ˶ע⵽Ҳⳡս֮Ψһһնɱ彫ʿͷǹھŴӡ
նɱͭϷ˵
ǵӡ͵˵ͷ
ó浭˵
ͽͭʬȡ˳ϸĿͭʬ壺һĶʲô˲õķȻ׻ɱ彫
ˡ
һĺܺã˵㻹һڵӣնɱ彫ĹͼֻúŬָտɴ˵
лΡ¶һ˿ϲɫ
Ƹҡ
һնɱ彫Ҫһ㽱һٻ־Ǵ˴εĽ
۽Լƺ͵Ʒһֻһ͵ϾͶһٻ֡
۾ȻǽԼĻֽͣ
;ȹ˽⣬һٻֶڵ˵ȷһʴĿǶڽᵤʿ˵¶ۡ
л档͹Ľӹơ
ͭʬ£á
͵˵ͷͭʬ˵Ҳûʲôôһٻֻһʬ壬Ҳ
ͭǰѴ󴸾Ȼþĥɣ˴ľ綼亱
ҲǸͣôľҲлὫĿ޸ˡ
֮ǰǧɽż֮еõ˼׿ܣһͭ׿ܣȱٲϣٳû޸һ龫޸ܵĺòϣǽ޸͵սһʱʹϽᵤʿҲ˺ս
ͻصԼס֮Χ˼֮󣬾Ϳʼ֮мصķ޲ܡ
޲һͭ׿ܣҲСһ߿ܣżм֮⣬඼
ɫͭڻҺ̬ʶĿ֮½һСҺ帲˲λһĴ룬𳹵̡
Ҫѣ޲Ĵĵطͽ۵ͷ󺹡
⻹ɫͨĻڻ⾫𶼹Ǻ
㻨죬ͲŽͭ׿޲ãӴ֮ͳһָСĻʯ˽ȥ
ʯǿܵĺģûʯܸͲᶯ
뼫ʯʶĿ֮£ͭ׿ܻƶš
ʯ̫Сˡüͷ
Ļʯȡ˳ǱѪǸµġ
ڻʯ֮ϵһѪҺ֮ͲŽʯ˽ȥ
꣡ͭ׿ܵ۾һ
ͲԼ֮佨һ˿ϵͭ׿ܿ԰͵˼жϲһ˿ϢһǹͶʹʿҲԶܡ
Ψһȱݾͭ׿ʵ̫ʯˣжһͺķʮʯ
޲õͭ׿ս֮Ͳ߳˷š
ܿ쵤ھʹӸĳй˴ūʯһοūִʯ֮нʯԴԴϵ˳
һЩܵʿҲûȡ飬ÿüҲ˵ע⣬һ˵ҲмʮʯˣһĻʯҲڻ£ѹֻôʿԴҪ¡
Щūսб߷²Ȼū
ʹȻܷӲСڿЩʺϲˡ
ǵھʮɾ͸˵ˣҲѹṥʯЩ塣
ЩͶûʲôϵֻ밲ȵĹһ꣬Ȼص֮кú
ʯ˶ӣ͸Ͳҽ֮ÿ춼µʯ֮תƣЩƷʯһ鶼ûж
ʯֶȱһ㵤ҩдѵʯ͵͵Ҫˡ
Ǳߵģһ£׹㡣ͻȻʿס͡
üͷһ壺׹ӣǸ׹ӣ
׺ɣ׹ӡһʿư˵
֮ӡɫһ䡣
֪ͺã׹㣬һˡ
ԥһᣬ֮Ǿһˣ֮ͻԲǵѡ
żһ䲼Ϊķ䣬׺ɿͣնɱͭ
ǡ
׺һ˿ɫڵΪȻܹնɱ彫ضϺõķ۰ɣҪˡ
һ㶣û뵽׺ɾȻҪѪƻꪣһͻѪƻĻôǻˡ
űܹͷĴڣĳЩϻҪʤһҪǼʹҲʹùűȴҪᵤڵΪʹãȻҲǼˡ
ӣҲ֪ʲô˼ЦЦ
װͿҪľնɱͭǼƲһƷȻ׵նɱ彫׺Ц
ɱһȴܺõı
ǿѹסԼĵŭ𣬴Ӵó˴ʿལ
׺ǰһõģ
ʱõģܹնɱͭҲǴ˱Ĺ͡˵
׺ɵ˵ͷȻʿ޷ʹ÷ܼϵܣǷǷȷǽƾⷨҪ̴彫ķҲǲܡ
Ҫʯ׺ʵ
ʮƷʯ͵˵
׺ɺЦལϸĹ۲š
ʹǽᵤʿҲһзǽϽɸɵĻõĻֿ²λʱؾеĶһʮƷʯˣ
һƷʯ=һٿƷʯ=һƷʯ
ʮʯһҪǴȥдĽᵤʿҪѪ
ǺķѰ֮һһӶһȻʮʯˡ
׹ӣûʲôµĻ¸ˡ˵
ţܲڵһҸ˵ġõһ׺á
װһмæлһת͵ɫȴޱȣ˭ŽһҲ
ڷӵΧȻʮʿţֻҪһߴЩʿͻὫгƬ
һལͲں˾ת֮͵۽缫ߣܽᵤĻķضǾתϼصǼ־춯صķᵤ޷ལﲻһȽϷķˡ
һһֻǵõ֮ӵĺøУȴ԰׺ɺܼɵսթЦصܲǾĺá


206 פ
ʱţ̲ס۾Ϥһ̲ס΢΢̾˿
ʯϻѾһˣפʯһ꣬Խһ֮Ͳûнӵʲô
˳ʱ䣬ͱȫͶ뵽֮С
ƷټսŨ͵ΪҲȲͻڻһξҪߡ
͹Լ뻹Ҫʱܵڡ
һ֮ͽԼŹŷҲĥ˸ͨ͸ټ֮еϢ;Ȼյפյ˳赤һûס
һפյ֮ͱԼļڲϵѾǽʮ˵ģǴʱòȴһĸı䣬øᣬʮСӡ
ߵ˥ٶȻȷҪ࣬ǻǻϣפյȴ˵òԶάѵʱ
ҪóȥŮ޵Ļһ˵ġЦ
ʱˮԼפյʱûٲʱޣûơ
Ƴ֮ˮѾˡ
֪ʱˡͽפյ֮߳˶
һ֮ѹʱȥȡµˡ
һɻᴫ㣬ȥȡ񣬵ǽûôõĴˣ˾Զ۳Ļ֣һЩ½ĵӾ˱ɵġ
ӴⲻǵĴӢնɱ彫ŰٿЦ
ʲôţðˡͷ˷ۡ
˵ʵʯŪ˶ˮҿ˵ˣеʯָ
ǧʯһ㶡
Ϣ򣡡˵
ô࣬±˷ְЦ
ʯˣڻõֲڵģǡָָ巽
Ȼû˵ǴҶ֪˲±ǷʵͣȻѹūҲþŴڵӳ棬˾ȥʯģڵӶˣڵҲòȥ
˵ɣ㵽˶ʯЦ
ʮ򡣡û˵
ʮƷʯʹлǵõʮƷʯ
ðһǵ͹㣬ΪŪʯͲˣ벻Ūʮʯ죬һ㡣Ц
˵ģµʲôɫ
УСƲƲ졣
Щ²סĻҲûʲôˡЦóСƿ
ǰһദ͵ϰҲһСƿ֮мʮҩһƿ͵ֵϷеƿ
̵Ľӹ͵ĵҩʵͿԽˣαһֱأ
Ҳɵܹóôĵҩضһʦʹڵ֮Ҳָ
ΪҲ밡ڵ֮ûʲôϵӣҪЩע⵽̸סͿЦһ
԰˵Ҫڵİôˣûˣʵ
Ҳֻһᣬôķأҡҡͷ
ҲǣЩǽᵤ棬ܽڵӵϡЦЦ
ѡɣµ񣬲˵Ҳаţµ֮оȻгŰ䲼ġָ˵
פյһöǧ֡
һϳõٸ֣Ҳֻǧ߰ٸְˣһפյȻܻǧ֣פյҲʵֵ̫Ǯһɡ
Ҫǣפյ͵һֻСèһ
ǳŷ񣿡ʵ
ְɣŷֻںͳ֮аˣڶзݡЦ
ȷаšЦЦ
Ҹպפյˣ̵аšа
ͲԼפյᴫȥϾԼʱˣƳ֮Լûκһ˵ûóǼפյ֮дء
ֻ˵ɺˡ
פյĵأʵ
һӵӿͣɵػװɵפյĵʧˣȻһפյôǧ֣
ʧˣһ㶡
û֮ضһͳĹŷ˷ʢ粻Ӧʧ
ĸʵ
ͽƻɣѾƹˣŪˡֱӰڳƿһ
ٶԴѾǼ߲ˣֱӽٻֻͣϲ㣬һµʱˡ
ƳפյǸһۣ΢΢̾˿ǧҲôõġ
֮İ˿Ǹ̲סüͷפյʧĵҩȥң
ͨҲͰˣǸȥһεȴǳһ䲼ģζʲôǺ
ڵյϢ֪ҪڵӶ϶ٱóͳһҲֻλ֮еһλˣһλֻͿԻǵĺøУʱһʡȥʮĿ๦
ңңڵ·ֱŲͬڵӡ
һʱڵӿڣݾڷѰңһЩڵӸǳݣݴ
ѾʧĵҩôѰҵģʹǽᵤҲѰοһȺӡ
һ֮פյһθ¡
ֲǵǧ֣һؾĲѡĻᡣ
ؾһΪ˲㣬ǰǶ˿ŵģֻڵӿţ͵ԳϿţߺ͵ڰ˲ֻܹ롣
Ȼˣָ겻ɵ񣬺ܹȤˡ
ΨһһȴΪԭ򲻸ȥӡ
ô򵥣ڵӺͳ϶ˣɲ봥ùͷ
ȻˣֶȴҲŪΪ˼ǧȥðա
ƽ˲٣רעΪ
£פյʼǹڵһλҽҲԭǧֱһ֣ؾĲҲ˲ؾ߲㣬ûܹɡ
ҪܵһפյǸöãٿ̾˿
Ͳ㡣̲סЦ
ҲԸ⡣ٷ˷ۡ
ʮѪյ񡣡ָָ
ţҩӹһ
ͽӹҩ֮㷵ԼĶʱĺܽҲ뾡ͻڡ
ָоֻԼľתﵽתǰ϶顣
үүôûаҲϰһֻʮ߰СŮһͷĺӲϵسš
үүѾͼѴкˣһϢ͸㡣߿Ц
ƭˣүүһƭӣŮǵû֣ͣˡ
𳶣𳶣үүĺӶ챻㳶ˡͷ
ߣŮһתͷֱ뿪ˡ
̾˿


207 
ĸ֮󣬵ڳһ֮ʽʼҪμĵӱǰ±
Ϣɵüͷ᣿
ǻڵӵ飬ûʲôϵ㵹ȥһԡôҪҪҰ㱨ʵ
ʲôҪ󣿡ʵ
ҲûʲôҪҲǸṩĵͲڹ涨ʱҩ˭ٶ죬ҩþͻʤ˵
֮ǰ֪Ҫƺֵҩ
Ҳ֪ǵΪɶӵ츳ĵӶע⣬ֻ϶ǰʮǰ϶顣Ц
ǰʮ̲סüͷ
ھͨӵ֪ܲ˵˻ƳƷҩ
ͷһƷҩھȻƳƷҩ⼴ʹҲ顣
ʹеİƷҩĳɹҲһ㣬γԣʼնûгɹ
ǰʮӦò⡣һµʱ䣬Ҳúϰһ£µѡˡָָ
ʮһɵ񡣡Цŵݹһƿӡ
ĺôЦЦƿ֮ȡʮʣȫýԼ
ҲģϾҪиõ滷ͱڣڵÿ¶ָ񣬾ͷʹȵıչض
ͻصԼĶʱ۾ǲԫϱڣĶȻӲĺˣǰһСյϵҩҲǰӲһһԣ
ҿ̲סһֿڣ
ĶȻˣ
ڵӦûʲô˰ôѰ𣿡̲ס뵽
㲻ңƭҡ
ԶʱʱĴһ
ԼϢȥֻһʮŮһ˿ϵĻ裬κζ˿һƬ
˿Ȼ˵ʹǼǿҲ¶һ˿֮ɫ
űа
Ůе˿Ȼһű
ˣŮ·ѥӣӾȻǷƷ͵ӣ
Ůӵʲôͷһ㶫˵ҲڼʮƷʯˡ̲ס뵽
ͻǵһμȫǷʿ
ͼò£ĶǱŮӻˣǱһڷƢŮˣҲֻܰ̾һԼùˡ
ת׼뿪֮ʣ˿Ȼֱͣٶ֮ͶΪ֮һ
׹һ㿪˿
͵ȴ͵һԷȻԼ
ǿŮеľȻ⹥Ƕ͵ģֻҵ͵ķˡ
˭ڱСģһͲһˣŮӽһ
ͷ˰㷢ӭ裬Ũ˵Ķüһ˫Ŀͦǣ΢ΣˮӣҰӣ쵰ޣƵļ˪ѩ磬Ȼɬǳ֮ضһŮ
һֱԼŮգеĺ˿ֱӴ͡
΢΢һЦƴ˿ĹΪ֮һ٣
׹һһֻǿסŮĲӣ
ŮȻڵΪϵķҲףȱʵս飬һ֮¾ͱƷ
㡭㡭ʲôڿ־壬ŮЩ
ƳŮһۣҶժҩ㻹Ҫʲô
ǶģŮһ
ٰ˵Ӧôңһ
㣿Ůһ
͵˵ͷԣҡ
ҪһСҪҸʯòŮѾ˿ǻ
ʲô߰ģ⻹δȫҲſۡɿŮ֮Ц
㡭
ʲô㣬ߣҪҿ㣬ûôˡ˵
ڶΧʰȻŮӻٵıȽǶڣֻ޲Ϳˡ
㡭ţҽа׸ʰ㣡Ů죬һŴ
ֻɫĴ˲ͷķ
ʹʧɫԷȻָ߽״⴫ķȻǳȥͻȻʶԼƺһǲĴڡ
ô˰ɣ˾͸С£СһȻȰ׸絽ˣɡŮЦĿ͡
㲻ãǸ׸絽֮ǰҿԽɱ𣿡Цһ
Ҫǹһð׸ɱ㣡ŮӾֵĿ͡
죬£˲סŮӣǿ죬һɫĵҩŮӵС
ȿȿȣҳʲôŮӾֵĿ͡
Ͻ裬ֻһͻ᳦ã㲻Ļ͸ٴǸ׸ȥһ
ããϴһɫĴһηɳ
ɵ·İ׺һνӵǵ֪е֮׺ɲһͷƽ˺ЦĻһλڼʹǴһЦĽȥ
ˣˡ׺ɵͷص塣
ѾˣѽҩҡŮɥ˵
Ҹˣ϶ҪоȱΪҺɵЦ
˵ҲûôءŮĿ͡
ƻȻµˡŮ뵽
㣬ʱĽҩһ֮ı֣㻹ԵĻҾٸһµĽҩ˵
㡭үүҪӹҩ֮Ůһʧ͵ǰ
Ůȥķǡ壬;֪ԼĲûдŮŴ󱳾Ȼ͵ô׵ķŹ
үүүүСѩ챻۸ˣҳ˶ҩүүһҪʬΣŮӲϳߵĺӡ
аЦСѩ鶼ļ֮УȥһһŶҩǶҩһ
СѩСͽ߸Ƕǧ˳ʲôҪ󶼾㣬һλ֮ŮȻܳ͵ζ
ҩүүҲƣȥˣүүҲһˣġЦ
ҪүүҪҲŲҪȥСѩ˵
ȥɣó顣Ц
ߣˣСѩ졣
΢΢һЦСѩߵĻôͿԽˣȥĻĺҪһǹˡ
Ҷ㣬Ҫұ𣡡Сѩǧ¥Ĺ֮С
Ӵ˭ǵСѩˣ˵һ㱨𡣡ҶЦ
ָŮװҶò˿Сѩ֮£
һܻˣȻһѳѿĶҩСѩ˵
ҩҶһ㶡
СѩӣʵǺѽͶҩϵ
ţϸҽҩһҪҶһҪңðһ·ǹˣϴȻСѩȭͷ˵


208 Сѩ
ޣⶼǴ￴ģСС;ȻѧáҶһ졣
еС˵жôдģЩ˶ôġСѩ˻ȭͷ
㡭ˣȥˣǸͲǶҩֻˡҶЦ
ʲôƭңСѩǱβ͵èһλһĶ
Ҷ̲סЦЦȻΪ㻹ıȥ𣿶ûһ˿쳣Ҳǻʢһ㡣
ǸˣһҪһɫСѩݺݵ˵
ǰ˵һ¡ҶЦ
СѩͼӴ׵˵˰ʱ֮󣬲Žԭܼ򵥵齲ꡣ
Сѩİ汾֮У;ͳһ޶ĶԣֻһίĿɰŮ
Ҷɵ̾˿Ҳ˵˱˵Ķ֮ǰҩˣ
Сѩһ죺ǲСĵİֵҩһҸͲ֪ҩһΪӲء
ѽ˱˵ĶһңֻǺ㿪һЦѾǲˣҪһЩĺ֮ˣͻزˡҶ̲סһСѩš
ߣңСѩ˵
УҲȥұ˵鷳ס˵һڵӣڵӱͲףҪСȥֵĻȥˡҶȰ
Ҷû뵽ԼĺһȰʹ鷳
⣬ллҶ㣡Сѩǰһƺ뵽ʲôһ㡣
ʲôҶͻȻһֲõԤС
ٺ٣ҪСѩ¶һ˿аЦݡ
㡭ˣ㲻Ҫ̫ݾˡҶ̲סĶͷ
λСڵĳ϶ǣֻλùڵӲҪźá
ʱ˿֪ԼѾһСħˡ
𣡡
𣡡
֮е̲ס۾Ķ֮⾹Ȼ޵
ôޣ̲סüͷ
ʦ֣ҵ⼸ͷваСѩߵʵ
һɬʦãҪôͽʦ֣ҪôͽҰʦ֣ɲԲҪһ
Ҽסˣʦ֣ва
ʦҲֻܿЦһⶼҴӵɽ׽ģ׼ѱ֮󵱳õģƷߣͭƤǣеĶҺʹʿҲԵֵƷޣó䣬ӵص׹˷ʤݻƷޣжѸ٣óľǽԷ̴
ãǽѵǸһүү˵һϵСѩһӣ˵ļ
лСʦˡһ˿ϲɫ
ֻ꣡һɫӰɳ˲ͽ߲ס
Ʒ޳ԣһ˿
תۼƷ߾ͱԻʣµͽݻڳԵѹ֮¶̲ס˺˼ѪĳȻܹͨġ
ܵη壬ͷ޲ϵ˺
ֻ֮꣡гһƣ
ڴֵ׵ͬʱ£ͱԸסͽݻܣͱ׵У֪
Сʦãȷǵڵӣ˿˲ȥͷƷʵ
Ϊƭ㣿Сѩü
ǣǣֻ˵ֶβڵӡڨڨЦ
ǾҸƷޣСѩָ˵
⡭еѶȣƷҪܡ
ߣҾΤʤȥһа취Сѩһ
ˣ֪ĳСѩһסСѩĲӡ
㡭ſʦã˴󾪣û뵽ܹ֪Ŀ
㡭㾹ȻסҵĲӣˣ㻹ƭҳ˶ҩСѩš
ӴôͷˣһΪҪһ֮Żᷢء̲סЦ
ʲô˼˵ǱСѩ
ܰţ൱ɶҩˣҲǵһμЦ
ţ࣡СѩʱˣԼĺʲôһ
㡭㡭Ż
СѩȻˣ
ôˣһ㶼û˼ǰɣܺʦãҪΪһڵӳͲڷһֱӽСѩӸˡ
㡭һҪɱ㣡Сѩ
˵ɡЦһ
Сѩ۽᣺Τʤ磬а׸磬ҾͲʮ˶Ūһڵӡ
ʲô㾹ȻҪǰʮԸһڵӣһ
ȥ˵˭ѵһ٣Ҿ͸һϵСѩҲǻȥˡ
ãϵջʹӦˡ
Ǹ鷳СŮپĻҾͰ·ϣ͵һγֲСѩ
İÿγֶϢģСѩĴԼظ
ȡֵĻҾɹСС˵㸸ĸѵûн̹𣿡һ
һ仰ͱһ㣬Сѩ趯еĺ˿Ľˣ
Сѩһ߹һ߿ûлֻ֣ǲСѩĹ
Ĵˡüͷ
أǶ۸ңСѩĹͻȻͣеĺ˿ҲӵڵϲϵĿ
һ㶣û°ɣ
ˣүүҴң㾹Ȼңأ
ˣҴˣҪôɣ΢΢̾˿
Ů˿ˣǰˮһ޾ͷŮǰ޵滨ģҲⲻȥ
ȥȥ
ͲɵԴ
ǰС
һвεЦЦ
ŮȻһ㣬ĳǲ
ѧС
˵㻻һ͵ģ˵Ҫʲô˵
פյСѩ˵
ССҪʲôפյͿЦһ
Ů˵ഺֻʮ굽ʮ꣬ҿɲ̫šСѩֹס˳
Ů˶ǣ
פյҲǲԸ㣬ֻԺ׼鷳Ҳܸ߱פյҸġ˵
פյСѩǰһ
Ψһһţ̫鷳ˣҲ㣡ͷ˷ۡ
ʮĻˣ
Ͻһפյ鷳Ҳ֮
㣬һƿյյ֮ٷפյЧáֱ˦ƿӡ
ǶҩɣСѩĿ͡
ţ࣡û˵
㲢ôٱүүöˡ֮ǰүүפյϣפյϣСͷŹˣСѩƿΪЦ
Ůˣȷ黹졣а˵
ԺͲҪˣ˵
֪ˣСѩ̵Ц


209 һ
Сѩ֮һ
СѩȻһ㣬ȡһ㣬ĵزҲûʲôĻͿˮӰӣСѩڿʱˮȻһģһ
СѩӣͶ֮ģŴӦСѩҪ˳Ҳһ鷳
СѩܵʮӵĻڵھˡ
ˣ¿԰ˡڶ֮̾Ϣ
֮
͵һζһ˶ĽâⲼõĽƣֱӺ˶
չ֮еҲ˴Ķˣ׹һתۼ뿪˶
¡͵ĶҲȻ
һĵ޲ĻᶼûУ
˭ĵһҵֱð
ʦܣ˵Ǹˣ͵˵
Сʦá˵˵ͷ
һڵӣȻҪʮӳ֣ΪǿϵҲˣһ̤
ЦЦʦֵܶڱչأҲֻʦֺǴˣһסСӣ͵Сʦǰ
ɱЦһһȴ򿪣һɿ
űһ㶣
еʶʶһҵķȵЦһ
飡;۶ܵס磡
Ʒǰһ
ˣɥ죬һȦȦ
ڴʱʾڵӵǿʵеķȴһ磬Ȼɢ
ټоȻƷ֮кʱ˴˵𵭵˵
û뵽ãһ
û뵽ȻһСѾͷƬӸƭˣ
һ뵽ԼĺľȻãеŭӿ
Ҿһڵӣһеķһ䡣
һʱ׵¡
ɫһ䣬ڵӵļ̶ֳȻԤ֮ϣоȻϵű
Ȥϴһ⼸׵粻£ڿвϵĽɽϿյХ
ԹսҲ͵ֶθסˣһڵӾȻܹߵһƽ֡
еķ߷ԣһӾǷ磬һӾǻ𣬷ʢ
ȻڽǴ˷磬ҲСӣʹҲҪСӦԡ
Ǳʲôôġ
֪ƺﶷ
ڻ˶ѵһȥ
ڵӵʵЦ
Σһһſ鼤
еķҲʾһǵضڱΣ޾ķмʹҲòâ
ڵôܵڵĵطˣ
սǸ˭Ȼܺƽ֡
ߣߣ˵ڵں˶ֳѵһ
ܿڵϺ˶鴫ڡ
ʼٸȴǧ¥֮кĺý٩٩̸
Ҷ㣬Һ˵յǲֻǷһţҾ;˲٣СѩЦ˵
ŪģյȻûפյʧҲûж˻ƣǧ¥֮ҲֻŪһƿҶ̲סʵ
յפյֵҩΪߣ˱֮ûһôһЩŮ޻õ֮⣬ûԸ⻨ʯ
յҩݶҪǧϣ˭Աûǧҩ˷طƼ¯ҩΪʵڡ
Ǹ˸ҵģ˵Сѩյ̵Ц
ԭˣҶһڲЦ
Ȼôʶ࣬СΪѵԭˣСѩЦ
㻹ǴȣҶЦҡҡͷ
ߣǣСĶɴءСѩͦͦԼĶӡ
ǧ¥⴫һҶ̲סüͷ
淢ʲôˣô
С㣬˵ںһӶЩʿǸȥġһ˵
Ŷߣܺ˵ǲҶ˵ͷ
СѩһϢʱˣˣˣ
ôˣβͱ˲ˣҶ΢΢һЦ
ǰʦ˵ҪʮӶԸСѩԽԽС˵ɴûˡ
òûк˵㲻ȥѰ˰ɣҶЦõĿСѩ
ʱõפյյ̫ˣҫˣˣСѩί˵
ӦûˣˡҶЦһ
ˣ᲻᲻ΪҲðСѩʱˡ
ҶҡҡͷôҲûãȥֹɣҪ˴Ļ¾Ͳʰˡ
ԶԶԣߣСѩ˵ͷֱ̤ӴӴڷ˳ȥ
ҶҡҡͷҲȥһ˰ɡ
Ҷ㣬˵᲻°СѩǵĿǰ
ֻǶ÷еһǻ˵ǷһĻʹܹµҲһ֮ڣڵӿ¡Ҷҡҡͷ
ǿ㣡ȥ˾ˣСѩ󼱡
¡޴׵ͷײһ
ǿ˵˭ҲѾȫˣǾȻû£
˭˵ģһзһһʩչʿ޷ֵҷҲֻʹһˣлأ
һأ;ѲĶ֮һտийűȫһڵӡ
һŰ
ϵȳȣںһ𣬷ƣƣȻڲϵ׳
ͽ˺󼸲һзһȫǳԤϣû뵽Ȼһ֡
ڵӹȻ鴫ѹ׵ַа̾һ
һһһɺɫ˲ӿ
Ȼӵ𣡡Χʿ̲ס˳
𣬺ҵʮ˵𣡡Ҳ¶֮ɫ
СһʿǲС
һ룬˫϶Ϊһƶʱʮ
ˣһҵγһֻ˺ķš
ֻǶʹҲǷһĶ֡
䣡
һһڿײĻɢ
ˣȻʹ˷һСѩһ
Ļ棬Χ۵ĵʿòʮɻڿвϵײã
ʦֿסְСѩæ
һ˿âеķͣҵȻѹ˷
ܣҵǿҲѹʦֵķһ˾һ
һĺҵȻǼͱȫͬˣѹķһ¾ףֻǶͱķһͱѹˡ


210 СŲƷ
飡ĻڿбѣĻΧʿй
ڵɫ䣬׷׺ˣĿãôҲ
˲ͳһƬ𺣣˶һصĿŶԷ
ǿ˵
Ҳǣһ
ʦ֣ס֣סְСѩм䡣
һ㶣СʦãҪǽѵڵӵ𣿡
ҡҡСѩҲ֪Ӧν͡
ʹһӣһ׵ֱСѩ
֮ͻȻһŭȣ
һŭȾѪڣ˼ĿſУ
ڵӾȻ˷̤ն
ϣڵӼæһ
ڵĳ϶ײβû뵽쾹Ȼܼһλᵤ档
鰡Сѩ͵ǰ
üͷһ壺Сѩ˿Ҫã
ᣬⶼᣡСѩʱˡ
Ҷŭһ㶡
ȥ˵һ顣üͷ
˵ͷͷβ˵һ飬вͼӴ׵Ϊ
͵ķһʱ̲ס࿴һۡ
ķģһɶõĹűйűĶ֣ܹ֮һеĲһ֥һڵӾȻ
ѩĴֻǺʦֿЦû뵽ʦĵˣСѩһίĿˡ
ҡ
ʲôңȥ˼һ
ɡɡ
һ꣡üͷһ塣
ǣ˿Цһְ֮
Сѩ˼Ĵյ˸ǰʦֶԲ𰡣ҴӦϵһ㡣
ϵ˾һһĽջһöϵҲֵá
ʲôɢˣһ
ЩڵﻹҶʱɢ
ܲû뵽֮ԻСѩ飬ҾͲ׷Σ۵˵
лϡ
㻹ллңҪҵĻͲˡСѩ쿴͡
ƳСѩһۣڿնֱ񴦡
ʲô˼ҾСѩ˵
Ļ֣֮ҶЦһ
ߣȻһˣ
˵ûȻһɵ֣šһ;ͽոĴŸ͡
ȷɵεЦЦ
ôˣµôˣʵ
ͿЦҡҡͷһһ
һ㶣ôˣѵסĲϰߣ
ûˡ
ûˣһ
˻ˣһ뵽ٵĶһҵֱð
ٿЦҡҡͷҲ֪ôŪģˣôѣæҾͰ㣬ѡһˡ
Ƨһģû֪ġ˵
ٶʱ˵ֵܣǲ׼ɽҰ˰絽ɽȥء
ǰһôû뵽ллѰ
ιιֻ˵˵㲻ᵱ˰ɡ¸»ģٺ
¸֮ǰһģ˵
ٿЦҡҡͷһòȥɽ˰ɡ
ڷ֮׷֮ͱһͷ˵ɽ
ڵֳôĶҪúǲܵˣɽ
ͺܿ㷢Լһˣ
㣿üͷһ塣
㻹Ҷ˵ˣһᣬҲǴģСѩ˵
ûйϵÿһ
Сѩ΢΢һЦҸòãһûнɽأ
üͷһ壺ô֪Ҫ뵤ɽ
ͱˣֻҪӦҴҽ뵤ɽ֮ĶԹһʹСѩЦ
ƺǷұȽ϶һ㣬ΪʲôҰ㣿Ͳɵһ㶡
ǲһˣôġСѩϸߡ
͵ҲǺˡ׹һתۼʧӰ٣ҪǴСڵĻԼ鷳ǲϡ
Сѩֶξǳ͵ϣ͵׶֮ٶȼ죬жܺ⣬СѩӰ͵μٶѲˡ
죡üͷ
Сѩͣ˷ܵôǲͬˣ
ģܸҡüͷ
ľСŲƷˡһŲٿҲ첻СŲƷСѩеɫ
ͶʱСŲƷֵֶƣʹҲûһţⶼڱʱõģȴɴĹߣСѩһСŲƷѣĸо
ϲȫˡСѩһСŲƷȫ͡
ңһ㶡
͵ɣĲʹģʱҾ͹źҶҫˣǺʦ˵ˡСѩɵĵͷ
ʮСŲƷÿҪƷʯǮ򲻵ôࣿʵ
үүġСѩЦЦ
ͻȻСѩүүӦĳλᵤ棬Ȼڵڲ˵ĵλ۶Ҫš
ˣҲܣ뿪˰ɡ˵
ŲҪһһҪ뵤ɽĺȥСѩ͵䰧
ҡҡͷ
ˣүү׼ҽ뵤ɽʦǶҴҽȥܺʦִƽ֣һһܱҵġСѩ˵
Уϴʾܾ
뵤ɽΪ˱ܿ鷳ȫ׼һ֮ᣬǴ׸鷳
ôɽԼȥͶһ仰֮뿪ˡ
ߣһ˾һˣҽ컹ǽȥˣСѩһᣬһСŲƷָȼմӰһѾ˵ɽ
أ
أ
һǵĺСѩ岻ѣȻڵΪȫҲǼƷȴûսȻҲᱻһס
ټŮ͵СһƷǵĺѾСѩˣ
ʧ֮µСѩȻ
лҪһЩĿ꣬ͷֱСѩ
͵۾Сѩ󾪣ҪҪ
Ҫ
ʿȻͷǱƵز˵ȥûţ
𣡡һͷһԾ𣬳Сѩ
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Ⱥɵĺ˼г˼ɵ
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أݵȴ֮ͷһӿ
һ绮գ˲ֳǰļͷǶУ
ҵ˭ںԭ㣡ͻȻСѩı


211 Ȧ
㣬㾹ȻĲңСѩжʱһƬ
ͰЦû뵽СѩĵӾȻСͷǾͽŵÿ޵ģϼµĻ»мΣա
ɽΣգ㻹ǿȥɡüͷ
Ҫ㱣ҡСѩ졣
ûȤƳСѩһۡ
㡭ȻһСѩܻ˵
ڵ֮֮ŮĪ˵һڵĵӣǽᵤڵĳҲҪӣֻҪҪڶᾡ㣬˾ܾ
û˰ɣû¾ͻȥ˵
ҽɽұ׼ڡСѩ˵
ͺɵĿСѩȻ֪Сѩݲ򵥣Ҳܹڰɣ
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ڵӴǳϵѪ״ӣûĹ͸ͱȥ
նɱ彫ͭҲеĴˣϳ۵˽˽ҲǵõٻְˣҲֻǵõ˳һƼڵĿջˡ
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ţֻҪҽɽ棬Ҿͺүү˵ڡСѩ͵ɶ¶һ˿ϲɫ
үүǺηʥѲǵڵţüͷ
ƫƫ㣡СѩƤЦ
εҡҡͷСѩƺҪԼԼڵɽһεĻѱʲôΣգһȺǾ޵ģ϶޵ĻǻҪ
ټСѩıʵǲСѩһˣǳʲôµĻᵤʿŭɲܹܵġ
µʱ䣬֮Ҿڡ̾˿
ҮһˣСѩ͵ĲЦ
ͶʱѾͷֺ˺ͻ˵ı׼ʵ̫һ㡣
㲻ʶܶڵڵܱ붯Ǵʵ
үү׼ҲΥСѩ˼ЦЦ
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ȥ׽ޣҪ׽һͷޣСѩ˷ܵĺ
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ʹСѩڵɽ֮ǰ˼ط֮Ͳҵһʵĵطס
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СѩǵһγԵɽһжǺܺ棬ΪҪ￪ٶ
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Ԥ𣿡Сѩһ㶡
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;ڶ֮󣬱ڵϡ
ʲôСѩһ㶡
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Ҳ˼ֻһµʱˣҲûʲôСѩ͵
ľϣˮʯΪҪһĻ۵ģ˵ͱ㲻Сѩһö֮ʼ
СѩԱߣҲҽ֮ʹٶȴۿۣϰ֮Ĳϰߡ
ٶȸǹ٣
ˣ˳
ҪץʲôޣҴȥץץ֮Ͻȥ˵
ҮҪһͷɰһģһģһģһģСѩ˵
ʹ󺹣ѾͷƷζ湻ŹֵģҲСѾͷĻϣСѾͷҪץޣǳʣֻһ仰ޣץһͷˡ
ͽʶ˳ȥһͷһͷ
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ֻ׹һãһֻǻˣΧģʵǿֶҲͺͨǲ࣬Ƕһǿ
ͽ˵ӵСѩǰ
˭֪СѩǼ˹һеĺһ飬ԵԴ˲ըѣ
һСѾͷֶιݵİѹֱ˶˵ģ;ĺݣ
̫ˣҲҪ
ҿڱ֮ǰĳ˵һɣҿܲܰץͷ˷ۡ
ϴεһԾͲҲҪһСѩٺЦ
һ㶣㲻ǿҵĳ˰ɣУԲУ
û˵ҪԣֻҪͳԲ͵ġСѩ˵
㵹ǻѡͳԲľǶƷˣһȥң̲ס˷ۡ
˵ɽ֮һ̶һԡ
ҪȥͷԿɲǣ˵ڵȥɱǱ⻨Դ˻ҿɲΪһЩڵǿ϶١æܾ
ԵģܴܣһͷһԵġСѩæ˵
ҿɲȥͿ
ͷԾǵĴڣʵѾﵽ˶޵۷壬ͲһɽΪޣʹҲԶԸ
ȥЩᵤɣһòҡҡͷ
УͰйˡЩϲ˵ʲôԽᵤڵΪȥ׽һͷӣҿǾǲ⣬ԲôĽڡСѩ˵
ͺգ˵ᵤϲģڿҲֻСѩһˡ
ôټңһշͷԡСѩ˷ܵ˵
㣿˰ɣһͷǶ¡ҡҡͷ
бġСѩ˵
ʲô
ȦֻҪµ޶Ȧշ
ȦһʶĸоǸʿʱҲֶ
ֶһ㶡
ҪעҪһĹ򡣡Сѩ˵
͵˲䱻ˣȦг˼ߣһͷ޻Ǳɵɵĵһʱ䣿


212 շ
һȤӣСѩü
ʲô˼Ȧ
ôͷԻɵһһĹ򣿡ͼЦ
ԭڵûģ𣿡СѩĿ͡
Ҫȥܣһ
˵ôֻһ»Ե߰ˣСѩ˼ЦЦ
ͺɵĿСѩСѩһʼǴ̡
СѩͿҲ˼ֻҪץסͷԣҪʲôҾ͸ʲô
ģͲϴСѩ
ҿʲôҵ⡣Сѩ˵
ģҶһȤûУֻǿʲôöˡƲƲ˵
ߣöǣҪʲô
һٿƷʯɡ˵
ãһΪСѩƺͷһ㣬ѸٵĴӴͳһٿƷʯ

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һСѾͷϾȻ˶ƷʯСѾͷǺηʥ
ҿˬӣеƷʯԲֹһٿ飡
˷Ͷɱ˶ᱦͷˡ
һٿƷʯ˵ͷãҾͰæ
ҮҮ죬ϿȥҪͷҵСѩ˷ܵ˵
һٿƷʯӦÿ֧ſܵöˡ뵽
ȻãҲķʯûмʯͱƷʯҲõսһûԴˡ
һΣһͭ׿ܵЦ
ЩʱڣͲͭ׿ȫ޸ҽ彫ͭǵĴȫͭ׿ܵıһ㾫һĤͭ׿ܵķһ¥ˡ
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Сѩҡҡͷ
ȹȥʱ׼Ȧ˵
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ȦҪԷϢֻܵ޳ֵʱáСѩҡҡͷ
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𣡡һƬڿն𣬶ͭ׿ܾһβ͡
ԣüͷһ塣
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Щ޴ˮޣ뿪ˮ棬ι״ڿ֮⣬Ķ첻ʲôв
СѩһϢϵĽע뵽Ȧ֮С
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ܻ˵ʹݾƿܵɣԱߵǸۼ׹ʲô
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Ķң͵˵
𣡡ԷŭˣΪ̶İʱƹ
Ʒ۷壬Ǻ֮صͷ޻ǲ˵㡣аһȽϡ
֮صͷ޲Ŀֲʱ֮ûУʹԲһĵëȸҲҪͷǿϲ١
СӵĻʤ⻨ԣа̾һ
СѾ٣˵ʲôҲСӳȻ⻨ҲסСӼȭͷ

ļͷι״޶
ͷƷͷƷһͷƷСѩĿſС
ʱ޺ͭ׿ͷޣȻ˿·磬޻ͭ׿ܶЩ޵Ĺ
޵ĻѪĵâǿֲޱȣһЩâ˲ͱ˸ʬ
ͭ׿ܣһǹڶԷһѪιͭ׿һ˺۶ûС
žˮڿײ⻨ԵˮǿʹǺײҲ˿·硣
Ƕ۷壬ѹЩڵӻϳԿЦһ
һ;Ѿ³⻨ԵĴʵҲֻʮӲпնɱһͷԣܻĻҲֻЩᵤпˡ
նɱܱϾԸ߰Ҳ࣬ҪһЩѱǺѵģ߲ŻѰѣ꿪ʼȻַһ㣬ȴҪ򵥵Ķࡣ
˲űǾȦֱַӽµѱȦ临ӣҪĲҲܶ࣬һȦĳɱһͷ޻Ҫߣһ˸ò
𣡡Դһţˮ
ףϻһӵսױϡ
ˮǿȴ׵ĹĻĵ档
ϹսףСѩһ
飡лԵͷ
ͷƬ˲ըѣ
飡ŭ֮µĻβһ˦ֱӺ͵ķϡ
ˣ׵ķһζѵļ
û𣿡̲ס
һ㣡СѩҲˣҲ֪ϵս׳Ų˶೤ʱˡ
һ㡭һ㡭ˣСѩһ˿ϲɫ
ֻȦһ⣬ֱԶȥ
ԶޱȵĿ־壬ֱ˦Ҫû̶֮С
ٶȸ죬ȦһâԱâյȻá
ס֮ȦȻԽԽһ˻ԵĲϣ
ȻԼȴ޷Ȧ
ɹˣСѩ˷ܵĻ˻ȭͷ


213 Ὺʼ
ȦסĻԴ£ԴԸĴյСѩǰ
Сһ㡣Сѩ֡
ԿСѩһۣԸһСԭɵĻԾȻһСһ㡣
СѩС֮ĻԷŵԼֱϣ˳СѩֱۣСѩֱϡ
ǲǺƯСѩЦ
һ񺮣û뵽ѾͷȤζ
ɣٻ޺ͭס
ˣӦûȥˡ˵
ţһллˣСѩ̵˵
ɫһߣˣ
Сѩ׹һ㲻Ӱ
ӦսһڵӿΧĻɵüͷ
ǻԳûķΧ˭ô󵨣ȻҵԱߵʿʵ
ΪߣӦʮеһˣȻôĵӺͻԶ֡
ϧˡһ΢΢̾˿
˸;Ѿʮ֮⡣
￪ʼԼ߰ɣлߣͨ޸ҿ㡣ͷСѩ˵
ҪˣСѩһ㶡
һкܶҪЦЦ
ŶҪлл㣡Сѩ˻αԲŵֱۡ
͵˵ͷ׹һʧӰ١
ܵô죬Һܿ𣿡Сѩ˵
漴һСŲƷһͳ˰֮⣬СŲƷСѩӰͳ˵ڡ
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۷޵Ϣ˲Ϣ˶̲ס̧ͷ֮С
ɵĻڵͷһ
ԣôͻȻ˾
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ǽǰʮĵӶάһƷڵӽǰʮԽڡ
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ǽһϵⱾڲؾ㣬ֻгϲܽĵطڵӼʹٶҲܽУһεȻҲѪ⹦ʹһЩҲҪ۲
ڶĽǲˣȻһű֣ɹأһʩչо壬˵ޱȡ
һĽǿԽؾ߲㣬ѡһ
߲͵ڰ˲ֻſԽ룬ĶҲȫõĶǽؾ߲ĻᣬֵԶʤھֺ͡ϵ
˵ıȻò˴Ѳѣܶ˶ЩܹͨõģڵӸûϣ
˭ǰضǳ֮УڵܹǰʮѾ漣ˡ
ڲμڶ࣬ڽǧ˷ֳ˶ʮС飬ÿһˣÿ֮ѡʮˣܹ˽ڶ֡
ڳޣֻĽУȻһģ
һƽʱ׼ʱİôڻҲǴ󼱡
ϣȫˣͲĻôҪڿ㶼ʣˡ
һЩʿҲῪ̿ڣٿǽԼеҶϣͲĻҪȥˡ
ǸôûСѩ쿴漷һŵʿ
һֵıԺܼ򵥣һ¯򵥵ĵҩҲܿʿĻʱһʱǳһʱδɵĻɥʧʸ
һʱ֮ɵʿҪƵʱ䣬͵ҩƷʺΪɫʮ˹ء
ҲμʿȻмˢӣٻֳһʱҩʱ͵ҩƷʾͳΪǱƴص㡣
Ҳûг˵ϣߵĶʮ֮Уʮڵӣڵӽռˡ
ҲˣڵӶѹԵʵ˵ڶ֣
в߶
ʱѾǵڰˣҪֵˣǻֵĻ;ûлˣ
ھ͵ʮϳ
ˣֻǰһڣĻ׻ΪС
ڵʮλһλرҫۣΪվʲôҪտҲȻû
ʱʱѾȥķ֮ʹڸϵҲ
ˣˣٿɥ
ֻһ׹հ׵λһӰ
ֻһԵĽҩͶһĵ¯֮УϷɣɫ˲
ˣˣôҩ
ܶʿΪ˷ˣǳ֮һ˻ǵ۾֮һ⣺ַҵڵľת֮ϣ궼ûһͷ
ˣ
Ϊ˵ʱ;ȻʾˣһյĹûС


214 ڶ
һ̨һɣ
ˣķˣ̨µʿ̲ס̾˿
ʹ̨ϵĽᵤ涼̲סüͷȻ򵥵ĵҩ˶̵ʱɿǶѰ쵽οһӡ
ǵͽҿ¯һɲǣŨҩ˲һٶʮ
ںɫĵ¯֮оȻһٶʮ
βеĶϸĿźɫ¯еľɫҩԣ⡭⾹ȻƷ
һٶʮ֮оȻʮƷ

ڵӣڵӶ̲סȵĿ͡
ƷҩɲôƳģʹʦҲҪһƳ
ôһᵤʿݵ𾪹ָҲһʦĪ˵ƷƷƳΪ͵ĳʵ̫ˡ
õ彫͵ĵҩ֮󣬵ھ͵ʮʿ½½ɣٶϻڵҩǶԶԶ˦˺档
ȻյʱֻǱ˰յĹ򣬵˭ͽ˰յĹ򣬾ͳԽһʱĿ๦
ţţ˾ַһλᵤ̲ס̾
ҾˣСԺҵͽˣ߷Ц
ƾʲôһ𿴵ģƾʲôĵˣغЦ
̲סüͷΪᵤϣӳɺͳСж֮ޱȣᵤֵ᣿
ʦ֣СôܴӣȻѧغЦ
ĳһ
ʦ֣ǵڿΪɣһϺõ˵һҪҪ߷Ȱ
ҵҲǴĴɣľתҲǷɴеľתδ͸ѧϰ֮棡һ
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ҵݴɣ֮еһŸǱҪᣬԺ˭ҵڣ𵭵˵
ҵ֪ˡ˵ͷ
Ȼλʦܣȴ̾һû뵽͵֮Ȼ˸ڵٮٮ߲¡
ıԶ׼ԾԵƽ˵ڶ֡
û뵽ڵҲ˳ɫɫӵĿ͡
̫ˣСѩһԻ
ҲǾ˴䣬ԼѾˡ
Сӣˣ֪ΪĲء̲סһȭ
еˣˡЦЦ
㡭㡭˹ͷʱŷ;Ȼ֮ǰͬˡ
ͻˣһ
ţոͻƲãЦЦ
ûˣȥһ¾ȻͻˣڵΪѾƽƽˣٷ߷ߵ˵
ðˡЦЦ
ڶ֣Ҳúñ֣ҵҿȫѹˡ˵
ʼ򣺡ɣڶӦûȵһѺܶࡣ
İɣʵԿʤεġЦ
ҡҡͷȻҲûȱݣһҪԭȫͶ뵤¯һĲһǰ
ͨǽҩֱʹʧһλвȵĻᡣ
ԼƵҩʱȻַڱ֮оԳԿˣҩޣһʧܾͳûϣ
һЩѰĵҩãƾŷḻľͻӦһЩδƹĵҩ¾Σˡ
Ͷڵڶֲôã͵ĻҲʮʵַͨҲ˶٣ֻǻɥʧܶơ
ֻһһˡ΢΢̾˿
˵ڶ죬һҪƵĵҩȻĽⶾƷҩܽٶ
ĿֻǿЦһĽⶾȻҲأûƹַʵ̫ðա
ڶǲȡٽʮֻ֮ǰʮܹ¡
ȴĪĪһ
ȡɫ¯һҩͶ˵¯֮Уҵڶźɫĵ¯ɫ¯ںҵ£ϵš
͵ʶҲϹ۲е״ʱʱĵŵ¯¶ȡ
йоصΧ۵ʿʧʶַ֮˶ϣٿһΡ
ͽַʵ̫ͨͨڵûʲô
𿴵͵ַɵüͷȻ͵ַйоأûʲôĵطʵ̫ͨˣѽǾ޵ıϵһ
׺ЦһһΪˢأͷһӹš
ϷҲ̲סüͷǰֲ̫޴
ڵӶܹᵤָЩתǰ벿֣׺ɵ˽һʱͽҩᴿɡ
ȴᴿʮҩ仹ʧΡ
ƷҩƣΪÿ׼ҩĻͳˡ
ƿͲɵĿЦһҵַ̫ˡ
ʱ֮ڽеҩᴿϣǰ׺ɵȴѾʼںҩˣ㳡Ũҩζ
̲סüͷǰٶȥҩƲ˵ǰʮˡ
ƴˣһݣҿ˵¯ǣʮƿ
žʮƿڿըѣᴿҩһ˵¯֮С
𣡡ɫһ
еķȻһ䣬ٷϵĴеĺҵ𲻶ϵı仯ʱڣʱ½ҵֱ۵һ㡣
ôʱϤӦÿˣ뵽
֮ǰ֮ԲȡַͨᴿҩΪľ˽ҩҩԣһ
뷨󵨣мвʧܸգ
ܴСһƹͻȻ仯ַ̲ס̾һ
Ȼ׺ɵ˱ƣмв˳ֻ¿ʼҩλᣬȴֻһλᣬʧܡ
ʣµʱҲˣ׺ɵĵ˶ͷҲð˺ˮƷҩ˵Ҳɡ
ɫԽĳأѾĹؼʱ̣ݲһĲ
ۣͻȻһɽζɫ䣡
飡Աߵһʿĵ¯Ȼըѣ
Ƭͼ
Ѿ˹ؼʱ̣һһͣٶᵼʧܣ
ޣͰһ
͵ĳ֣һγһŵ¯Ƭ޷ӽһ

޵ĳֽһ˲䣬ȴýᵤԾѣ
û뵽ϻֶа
Ͳ޵ݱ˿С֮ϵĹʧĸɸɾ౻˵һ߿ܡ
ҵһһڽ¯£
䣡ɢɫĵ¯ȵ˵ϣ
ˣ˿


215 
ɵʱʱѾȥķ֮֮ǰѾжʮɣʱѾڲλˡ
֮ǰϤҩҩԻ̫ʱˡа̾
ҲֻǶʮ֮ҩƷ֮ˣȻһӾͱǰʮˡ
ڶʮɵġ΢΢˿
ĳɼҲûлǰʮ
μӵڶֵ֮Уֻʮڹ涨ʱƳɹʣµҪôҩȫˣҪôûڹ涨ʱɡ
ƷҩͲһ׵飬ʮܹɹѾ͵Ԥˡ
ʮ֮нֻڵӣһͣһ졣
ͺ첻ɵĶһۣ˫ѺõһЦϾڵܹⱾͲһ׵顣
¯
ͬһʱ䣬ʮͬʱҿ˵¯һŨҩ˲㳡
Ϸ𲻽˵ͷһӲ
еٮٮ߱ǺɺΤʤˡ۵˵ͷ
ʵȷǲΪĸëĵĻԶΤʤĶ֡ҡҡͷ
˵ĿⶼʮϣǴֹأǾԽڣ
ΤʤһɣƷһƷ

㳡ˣڵһˣȻƳһƷҩ
ʹҲ̲סڵһһۣϼʹԼҲδĸãڵһ˹Ȼ鴫
׺ɣɣƷ
׺ɾ΢һ㣬ʤһ

ͣڶʮɣһƷһƷ
͵ĳɼ˵ԤϣΪֹڶλܹƳƷҩĵӣȻϱΤʤһƷ͵ĳɼһأǺûƳƷĻͽǰʮʮþȵ顣
ĽҲʹԤϵһ㣬ûܹƳƷҩ
һλڵǵʮλƳɹģƷҩĳɼҲɵʱ̫ܲܽǰʮһδ֪
һΤʤ
ڶ

ʮһ͡
Լֲɵ˿ԼƾһƷҩӲʱϵƣʹƳƷҩİ׺Ҳڵھλ
ڶʮ졣
Ҳû뵽ԼܹǰʮԼʱһ㶣漴¶һЦݡ
ǰʮҲζŵõڵھһ죬ԴڵİٱᵤĻὫ
һ֮һֱԡ˵
һ֮𣿡૵
ֲԵĿҲ֪ʲôڶֶƷҩĽⶾصֵѶֻпƷҩҲ˵
Ҿ˵СУһ˷ܵĿ͡
ðˡͿЦһ
СӾôǫ顣Ц
ҡҡͷһĲǫ飬һãƴûƹĵҩһγɹҲֻ˵ˡ
̫ˣСѩͻȻ˳һݵĿ͡
ٿСѩɫһ䣬˲úʹк뿪ˣǣ٣˿Сѩжһ˿η塣
һֱСѩֱϵĻһ;ͶһڶҺһﻹû̶
ͷӦѸ٣һһܵǰ
⻨ҲǴҪ͵ֻڷй֮ǰĲˣԶҺûжǿ͵ɵ
ҪСһ㣬ΣյġСѩص˵
һ㶣СѩݲȻҪʲô֪
жΣգһ㶡
ɥģСѩһص˵
ͻǵһμСѩ¶ֱ顣
ʲô̲סʵ
СѩҡҡͷʲôҲ𲮲ҲϺ˵ƺҪ뵤ɽ֮С
͵˵ͷһСĵġ
֮У·ʮᵤϣ׼ˣ
ʦַģɽ֮Ѿҵ壬еӶϻڡ߷˵
֮Ҳû޳֡غ˵
˵ͷҩõΣ
ȫ׵ȫ޵ĶѨ֮С˵
ܺãֻһ֮ˡЦ
ڶ٣ֻڷ֮ţѾǰ϶飬Ҳ鷳Ѱһһµʱ˵ֻһ۵ʱ䡣
һջ֮нһµʯ֮ͱ֮УԼ״̬ѣ
һ֮󡭡
ǰʮȫڵ֮Уÿǰһ֮һöһŽɫһŵ
ֱѾʼǵĴ֮һöһŲƷһŵÿ˶ͬģ֮мŵҩڣǱһ֮ռϵҩҽƳ𵭵˵
ϵҩǲڵɽ֮Уһʮݣȥȡøõĳɼͱ뾡ܵĶռҩһαûκεĹԲȡκֶΡ۲
ͷһûκεĹ򣬿ԲȡκεֶΣһľҲζĶʮ˴Ӵ˿̿ʼѾǵˣ
ѹСѩ˵Σգа̾һ
ΣգʹһŲƷŲƷĵصѾ֮ϣһʹñʧȥʸ񡣡˵
˳һ䣬ռҩҪ֮Уǽ׼õҩĻʧȥʸ񡣡
ʮͬһʱץǰĴɱ
Ͻ˸ʧ˵ǰܹ׶֮ٶȵĿ»ûм
֮мҩλȫУͱ㳯һصȥ
ԪƷҩһʿʮԪ
;Ŀеĵ
ʿԪҲٶ꣬ʮԪ˵Ҳޱ
һЩͻƵԪľʿ˵˵ļֵɹ
˵ΨһȱݱʿһֻܷһΣЧϾ˵֮ﲻƵķá
ʮҩʮ˷֡Ͳɵĳ
ƷҩƵѶᣬһݾܳɹļ΢΢ԱҩҩֻʮݣԶʮ֮Ὣ쳣ҡ
Ԫ䷽һʮݣҪһ֮ռ֮ݣѶȲСοʮ˺ᣡ
Ѱ󣬿ˣͽѰٻ˳
֮ȻҩλãֻǴλãѰҾҪķѲٵʱ䣬Ѱİæʱ佫̡
ԪԪһζҩڴһԪĵط
֨֨֨Ѱ˳ζѰһѨ֮ǰ
ܵѨ֮еĿֲϢʹһе޼


216 Ӱ
һϹӶмͼæӶ޵ֵ
⡱ͽסΣ
оȻһͷޣƷޡ滢
ôܣֻǵɽΧôֶܳƷޣоɵ
𣡡滢һɫ档
¶ȼߣʿ˿Ҵ⣬׹ⲻϡ
ԪȻһͷƷ޿أ
һ׵滢
ֻڵϵ滢һ¹ͣ
ǶƷޣа̾һ
ֲԵѶȾȻˣһ֮ռʮҩһѵ飬ÿҩػȡҩѶȣһڼԪҩǲܵ顣
ͭףͰһ
ͭ׿һ̤еͭǹֱһ̣죬׼ݣΨһһǹۡ
ͭ׿ܺޱһǹֱӶ滢ĸͭ׿Ҳ滢У
ڱľȻڻļ
滢Ļ治ˣһ˿æ߶޳滢¡
飡׹ʢ滢һޣ
ԴƬ滢΢΢̾˿滢ʬ徶ֱ߽˶Ѩ֮С
ڶѨľͷöֻĴָСԪɢ΢Ĺâ
֨֨֨ѰǰһɿıԪ
Ѱ죬͸죬׹һͳԪΧԪŽɵĴ֮С
Ԫϱضнᵤݲס
֨֨֨ѰĿ͡
СһⶫɳԲãұõҩͳһݸѰ󡢡֨֨ȻΪջûеסջ
ٶȵüӿˣ΢΢̾˿ʮҪռʮҩʱܽȡ
ڵɽʮѾջ
ͣΤʤǰѾͷǡ
ﾹȻǣʦǳ˲Τʤ˲ϵѪ˵
˳ڳһӲӵɽΣʮҩеĽΡ
һеķһƷǧģӵо綾ǧû˿Ļ֮һĹϡ
˪΢΢һЦһɢ˿˿Сս˴֮С
ͬʱֲڵɽеĵӶջػҩޱһһնɱ
ϾǰʮĴھӢӣԸͷ޻ڻ¡
ڵ֮Уһڳһ޴ĵͼٶС㣬ʱѾнʮСʧҲζѾжʮҩߡ
ٶȵͦģǲ֪ܷռһ𵭵˵
ʮҩܶ࣬ǲÿ˶ռȫһݵģԼ޷ռȫ˵ҩѵѡڵֲԺڶʮ֮սҪġ
¡̲סһ
һػҩ޾Ȼһͷ۹꣬ǺĹͼץ绹𶼱Ĺǵ£ͻ˦˼ħĲĳˮǸʴˣŽһͷ۹նɱ
ԱߵˮĲ봢֮ͱڶѨΧ󷨡
ʱɫϾ޵ˣͿɲڴϺһͷޱĸ·ټնɱͷޣѾƣ
ⵤɽ֮оȻôޣЩᵤǻ˴ˡа̾һ
ڵĵɽǶޣȡҩʱնɱͷޣһ·޾Ͳʮͷ
Ѿжʮҩҩ࣬һҲ֮
͵õʮҩ֮УȻģ
ͼֻǱҩλãû˵ǺҩֻһһѰҡ
кüطͶûҵҩһԵ޸ʹ˴Ѿˡ
ڸʿͻܵĶѰҩ
ҩΣʵ
Τʤ࣬ʮ꣬ʮظ
ǳϵĵӣڵ֮϶ڵһЦ
ʦֹˣҲʮҩظЦ
Σ
ʮҩظ꣬ظ
һ㶣ı˵֮У͵ıʵеˣȻ¶֣ȷĶ֮
˶óܹѾ漣ˣΪ׶µĹڿȴȫô¡
ռҩٶȼڵӻҪһ
ػЩҩ޶ЩץģһЩƷƷޣʹڵӶҪһֽţοڵӣ
Сһﲻ򵥰а̾һ
ÿ죬ŶὫɽеս񴦿ǳ
ͣȻôʮһЩڵӾȵĿڵʮ͡
֮ȣͬڵӵѷɫ٣ڶʮȫǵ׵Ĵڡ
û˸С죬ֱܽͲף̫ʵ̫ˡ
ɱϼʮͬʱѣػҩ˲䱻ըĿȫǡ
ˣһԪҩڴˣͽһζҩѪ֥봢̲֮סһ
ʱ£ռҩʮ꣬ŴճһݣʣµľȻظģԪ;ʮݣ
¹ȥҩҲӦñռĲˣʹڳȥҲûĳɹ뵽
ҩظԲֻ֣ӿ϶ҲܹճһҩѾǺˣҲʿһҩûдճء
飡ķһ˿У
ˣɡ𵭵˵
һһףû뵽Ŭ˰¾Ȼֽ
촢еҩȫԼĴҲһۡ
ҩɣ㲻ҵĶֵġĿ˵
ʦ֣βһȱʲôҩҸˡЦһ
ǱСѩΪʦֵǸˣķʮеĵڶʵΤʤͲǷĶ֡
ôϻѴüͷ
ʦ֣ɲҪңҲģҧҧ
ŶΣЦһ
ƣһ
ʸ𣿡
˦һľֱӲ˵ϣ
㡭㡭󾪣Ȼã
㲻ҪһҿЦһĴ
ӰһĿŷڶĸֹȻֿܹġ


217 һ
̶ʱڣ˱˴Щߴʿ׵ĴڣھӢĻᶼûС
ԼϢڵɽĴѰң֮ѾѰ˲ٵطȴջ񣬵ɽеҩѾɹˡ
ֻȥǹˣ΢΢̾˿
һԪҩ˵ʲôģֻҩлƳһԪ
񴦵İϲμӵֲԵĵӾֻʣʮˣڵֻһˣԭڵλѾ䵽˵ʮһ
СӣòҪ˰ɣ
ھţڰĴķ˵
𽻹ֵͶʮӢӵʵѾ˴ŵʶǹ⿿ԼʤһǼ޺ͿܵĻҲĶ֡
ߣھţȻĶ֣
׹һһ׵缤
ͷһһһС֮Уһҡķгͷ
ɫһ䣬ڵӹȻʡ͵ĵƣһԶˡ
Լ͵Ϯ޹Ρ
㣡һ
𶼲ҵĶ֣Ϊʤ𣿰Ѵɡ͵˵
һڵӶ˲񣡡ЦһеɫСһҡķгͳ
ķе޽磬һŵЩе档
ű¶һ˿̰
űĶʹڵҲ۲ѣʹʮҲ˶йűģ֮ӵйűĲʮˣһ㣬Ȼһλᵤ濴ǽƾԼŬҲΪʮ֮һȴûʲôõóֵı
һڵӾȻйűǱҾűЦ
𣿡ͲмЦһ
ͭףޣ
Ҳͬʱ޺ͭ׿ٻ˳սپ䣬Ϳɲ뱻ڵΧ
ܣɫһ䣬е̰˲ʧĸɸɾȡ֮ء
ϣһ£Ӱͬʱ˷
һڴֵ׵£Ҳһ˱ǹͭ׿ͬʱ˳ȥ
Χ󾪣ϻӶеɫС죬Χһ͵׵ϾȻֻȥ˴
ŶҲǷƷЦ
͵ĸԱضɫС죬ǵᣬʮᵤ濴ţ˵ʲôҲҽɫ
ʮ鼤žģ֮бѿ
ʱ޺ͭ׿ܵĹҲˣǹͬʱ֮̽У
䣡ؿһ飬һؿڣ׵ӿ֮С
׵Ű֮·ͶãֻĿժĴ
һʱָܻ֮ж͵˵
ѾˣȻⷮﻹ
ⷮҲǵڵĽܳӣ֮оȻһٶʮҩĶʮҩͱʮҩǡһݡ
ݣȥһΣӦܴķݡ
֮˳ֻ֣ʣʮˣ
Ӧý˰ɣֻˡеĵ̲ס˵
Ӧû죬ЩʣʿɶǸ֣ǶõԷҩճķԽ࣬ɹļʾԽ󡣡
͵Ҳ˵ʮĳɼһЩڵĿࡣ
Τʤռݵһλʮҩ˶Ϊ֮ɫ䡣
ʮҩڵڶ
ʮҩڵġ
׺һʮҩڵ塣
һٶʮҩڵ
Ϣãһ𺳵ϢΤʤȻˣռʮҩΤʤ߷ԪĲϣѾʼơ
˵һеڶ֮Ҳص˵ڣʮҩķԪĲϡ
ͻص֮ҲζΪһµıĻʮеҩĿ㣬еҩĿȴİʮꡣ
Ŀı䶯˶һ;Ȼʮѣһٶʮҩ
еҩҲһԾ˷ڶ
ݲϣӦܳɹһΰɡصڵڳϵİ½֮УʼƷҩԪ
ֱʱͲлϸĽԪĵúôĦһԪѶߣʹƷҩ֮Ҳеƫϣһƾͳɹļ΢΢
ϸĽмصע֮Ͳֿʼ
Ͳûн׼õݲóǽЩظҩͶ˺¯֮УϸĸЩҩҩԣ
ۣܿʹһζ
ɫ䣬ϵĲͶҩʼơ
ֻͲȡСĵķʹӵҩΤʤҲˣƷҩѶȷͬһ㣬СĶΪ
󣬾Ȼûһ˳ڲᴿҩ
֮Τʤ̤ʯңһСƿ˶ǰСƿ֮оȻһɫĵҩ
ɹˣһ㶡
£һݵʱƳɹΤʤЦЦ
ϯһǵ֮ˡЦЦ
֮󣬷Ҳ̤ʯңҲһСƿƿеĵҩڳɫڴС϶ԶԶΤʤ
Ͱ׺Ҳ߳ʯҡ
źǣ˲ûƳɹ
𣬺ɣҲ̫⣬Ʒҩơ˵
Ͱ׺΢΢̾˿һʯңڵʯҡ
ڣ֮Ҳֻһ˻δء
Τʤʦ֣˵Ƴɹ𣿡̲סʵ
ҲյַҶסΤʤҡҡͷ
ʯ֮еһŵĿ»סĵ¯ʱ¯֮ѾðŨζѾĹؼʱ̣ǰĴζڹϳ⡣
һ̻ĿƣôҲƲá
䣡һɾ޴Ļɫĵ¯û
ɹˣһϲ
žǵ¯֮дȴ͵ĳ׳˹ȵף
ʧˣͿŵ¯ĵҩ̲סЦһ
һǿһ׸ַܳɹģͽҩƬƿ֮̾˿ʯҵĴš
͵ʯҴ򿪵һɲǣĿͬʱۼеƿϣ
Ȼɹˣ׺ͷһ
ͽƿ˶ǰ
忴ƿĵҩɵĵ˵ͷȻͷһ񣬵ҲѾ˵ҩӡ
Ͱ׺ɫӵĿͣȻͬʧܣȴóҩҩò
Ȼȥɣ֮׼佱䡣˵


218 
ŵɣԼʮɣʱ𣬵̺שһɫɫԵüʽ¡أһֲɣϵϢȻʱѾ꣬ǧ֮ˡ
֮УֱʮϽľΣʮλᵤϣĿ
ڵĽᵤһŶʮλЩᵤײβʹټҲδȫһξȻܳʮλʢǰˡ
ĿĻſŵӣ˶ֻ̨£ʲôܹ룿
͵վڴ֮ڣʮλᵤϢʹزѣͷһ˶ᵤü
𣿡ͻȻ֮д˲ϵ
ڳʿᵤڶǾһ𣺡μʦ棡
ˣ˴ϳɼɫǺˣϽľϳһ۶ɵ
ʦ棬ɼɫΪΤʤƳһöԪ˹˵
ɣ۹͡˵仰֮һ۶ɵ׵ʧˡ
ʧ͵˲һ۶ɵĻˣǸɵѹȻʮλᵤɵѹҪ
Ҳһ
˿̨µĶʮˣʮǴ˴ǰʮڵӾռʮ˸ڵӽֻλ
졣˵
ڣǰһ˵ϡ
죬˴ֳɫڡ˵˵
лϲ
Ҳ¶һ˿ЦݣÿڵҲǰͷˡ
ǰʮĵӶõһƷҲֵһǧľ
ͽӹϸĴֻۣͨͨûʲô⣬齣ʣһΧ޲Ȼ
ֻǽʯȻȫһĳ߳ǧľɣưĳ߶糤عӣδľӽ򽣼⣬ȻһɫΪȥһ㣬ǿľ֮ɢ˸оɭ֡⾹Ȼһľ
ûںѽͣһĻҲɵһȻ漴֣ȴƽǧľǧľⲻһľô
ҲΪֻһľСܴﵽƷĽûһǷƷǧľѰңﵽزѼһˮˣ˿Щңֱľϵͨ˵ܽǵĹӵͬһѰҵľϵ楽
͹ԻΪľϵûʲôоˣǧľ͵вʲôϾ޴˵ȹű֮󣬺зܽ͵ˡ
ǰʮĽͣΤʤ֮⣬˶õһƷ
ȻҴҵ󣬵ǼƷֶҲ̫࣬ʡʡֱӽǰļƷǰĽѾ㹻ˣ˶⼫ƷҲˡ
ͣϵ
Ľǻϵϵ˱֮м˴ԻΪͨʹڲؾ֮ҲһĹɻֶһĻҪ֡
һϲⱾϵʺȱһϵ
лţʹнӹⱾϵ
ͣҲڵӣҲлڣԸҵӣ˿͡
˴һ֮˶һʹǽᵤ涼Լĵľͽ·ͬСɣ񲻾ζһǵڵ
һʱ֮ҲûתɵɵĿˣôҲ벻˾ȻҪͽܣ
Ը⣬Ը⣡ͼæڵϣаʦ
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ΤʤĽȥؾѡ˿Τʤһۡ
˴εĽƷĲǷľ֣͵ġϵΤʤĽؾ߲ѡһȨޡ
ؾֻ߲Ųܽĵطᵤ涼ҪȴĶȻǷͬ졣
֮󣬱ڻ䣬ǵܳĵӣǵǿǵδϣ֮ڣץڻҵ˼˵
һ㶣ڻ䣬Ȼһ㶼û˵
ȱص߾ܣʮͬ˵
ڻ䣬ݾΪһӾٰĽƽ̨ڵѣ̨ǰ׽õĽƷһڻ䵤ڳɼõıΤʤ
ڵҪڵʵ֮⣬ҲΪڻѡӡ
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͵˵ͷ֮ǰлչˣСܸм
ֵܣֵ֮α˿֮ƽƣʱɱֵҡЦ
һЦЦ
ͱӵ鲢ûд֪ԼΪ˵ĵӵĻ¶ܰͷҧ
֮Ͱ뵤壬֮Ѱһа
ͣҪͻǧѡ̾˿˵
ǵӸ˶ʤ죡˵
οĵ˵ͷһ·УΪʦҲﲻʲôΪʦĵãӦûа
лʦ𣡡һ˿ϲɫᵤʿĵöʿ˵䱦ߺܶ·
һ˱뿪˶
𲮲ãȻӣСѩЦ˵
ӿɲΪ飬ж֮Ц
ʲô֮СѩмƲƲ졣
ǴܹᵤضҵڵĶֻϧϧһϧɼĵź
ȴ˿֪Щʲôʱȫ⣬ϵ
⡶ϵǲؾĹ֮ȻתҲԶյĹеĶѡ
ǡϵһźʵõͨʿԼγһ߷˷òϢͱ죬һΪء
һطֻԻûй
ڶطѾ߱˹ǲ㱾İٷ֮һ
أӵбһʵ
ھأɣͱ죬Ψһȱǳܵ޵Ĺ֮ɢ뻨µĹؾ۳һ߷


219 ˪Ͽ
ǰزѣ۳һûкķѶ೤ʱ䡣
£;ͽ˵أ˵ٶҲ̾ѣѡ
һɺҵ۶ɣʹһɵʵҲͬСɣںҵƿس̶ͻҪɫ
֮ٺڵʮ뿿ٺĻȻǲʵģڵҪĻǻ֣˻ֲܻԴ
ͽϵõǧľϽɸɣһٶĻ֡
ǧٻ֣⻹ԶԶڵĸйĻ֣
֮Ҳ񴦣ȴҪȻҲӷնɱһͷľޱܵõһٻ֣ܵõľԴĻܵõٻ֡
ڶڻֵĽҲӵľ塣
ڣնɱһͷƷֻܵõʮ֣ɱһͷָ˵Ҳһٻ֣ں֮Ĳɼһ㡣
ڰ䲼ڵҲûмܹɡ
Ҫڶʱڻ۴Ļ֣õİ취ǽ뵤ɽ֮УɱָޣռҩϽɡ
ҩ˵Ͼдҩһǧҩɶһʮ֣Ǵ˷ʵ̫Σգʱó˶ǧҩȻ˻ɣʱǵòʧˡ
ͿӲĵɽ΢΢̾˿
˪Ͽȣڵ֮أڵɽʮﴦ˴ڵشǰʹڵӶҲǾԶ֮
ԽߣԽϺͬβһ״ɽ紵ɪɪƺܰ˴ɽ洵䣬쳣֮ϣɫı⡣
ʹͣҲֵסò߶ܲһ֣ԼԵ䡣ûжãͰ׾³ɫ֮ϣѾѩ׵ı⣬Ҷһԥֱȥ
Ƭ̺֮ϣиĵءĴƬƬѩƮɡ
δδ٣ɽ֮ϣȴѾϸѩ͹£ͬ޴ı˪Ͽȣ³ҶǰһһС·صѷ졣
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վڱ֮ϣһͷ˶С֮ĵľ޴ѷشһƬվƬ̣һΪһӰˢһ´ԭʧƬ̺ڱϿȵ֮
±ů컨޴Ͽڣ·߷ţۿǽȻͬһζ
Ͽڣһ˸ߵʯޱܲƣѪɫĴַ·丫棬ȻһԶž޵֮˪Ͽȣ
Ҷ׶Ѫ֣ãڲԥһΣѾһӰС
һν⴫˵еıϿȣ˴һЩƺͨɽҲûʲôͬ
ȴĸоеı仯УоŨŨΣգɱ⻹ֻǹȿλãȴͣڴ˴κεطʱΣա
ϿȿɲͬɽΧɽΧڵӵ֮أΪ˷ˣޣ಻ƷƷƷ޶ѵһټϽᵤ潫һЩΣյնɱʹõɽΧʮﶼ԰ȫ˪ϿȴһˣֻҪô˹ȣҪʱΣյ׼
˪ϿУڵʿҲҪʱ׼Σգ˭Ҳұ֤ԼһܰȫݵĻ
ϿУûо԰ȫĵطֻоԵʵȫı֤ԣ˷ܷŬϣϵԼʵӦĻǿ󣬲
˪Ͽǧ֮ڻǰȫûĴǶƷޣżֶƷޡ
ڸ棬Ʒ洦ɼʹھӢҲС
˪ϿԽΣգԽ⣬гҪ׬ôɻ⣬Ҫս֮սԶǼԼǱѵķ
һ֮أ̾һ߽ڵӾԶ֮ı˪Ͽȡ
ƷޣգǰʮͱһȺգʮң
ȻֻǶƷޣÿһγǳȺӣټٶѸͣͬȺӵǲ֪Ҫ鷳٣ʮͷգʹڵʿҲҪâ
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ž첻ڶһУնɱʮͷգ
͵ĹŭЩգʣշĳ͸
յٶ죬ͻУ׹һһͷյߣ˳£ղҽһʧȥ졣
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Ѱİ£һ·Ҳɵ˲ٵҩ󲿷ֶ˴֮С
һ֮;ǰ˽·˴ޣһͷѩ¾ǣƷޣҲǷ˺ôĹŽͷնɱͷѩ¾ڶƷ֮Ҳ׺Ĵڡ
ս˵ҲһСĸͷһʯָĵ֮󣬼ű˪Ͽǰ
֮Ѿ˪ϿƷԽԽ࣬һЩ޼ʹҲûбʤİա
ڵɽΧʵ޼ϡ٣ڱ˪Ͽ֮ȴܳһͷȻԻҪӴһ棬;ͱɡ
б׻Ļһնɱ͡
ڱ˪Ͽ֮ھ˿ֲޣֻ˵͵á
֨֨֨ͻȻѰ˷ܵĽ
;һѰ˷ܣ˪ϿȻǵһΡ
۱񣡡Ѱָ͹Ȼд֡
۱о֮Ч֮£۱£һ㶼һ鱦ڣ۱亱û뵽⾹Ȼһꡣ
۱Ȼټ䱾ûʲôر֮Ǿ۱ڣضдҩ
ֻһƳ֮䣬پͷ߰ȫǶƷϵĸ߽ҩݣֵ飬УжƷġѪݡƷġϴǻƷġ١Ʒ¸ƷҶ÷ƷѪ̹
һӳһƬʯ֮£һ֮У¶һƬϸҶ׵ͼղݣ˵ҩƳ鵤࣬˲һһʮֺϡҩģһ꣬Ϫˮ֮ߣһԺɫġ˻֮У¶ڣűͷ֡
ֻͬһߵҶƬȴмγһ۾״ȸ񣬷·ϴһ㡣
Ʒ黨֮곤ʯ֮еղݣȻֵҲ߳һ


220 
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ֽɫ䡰ϴǻ£뱳Уģ٣¸Ҷ÷Ѫ̹ȡȻӲƣһһУ;ûзκ⣬ûһֻ޴ڣ͸Ļʲôʡ
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΢һҪȥժʯƷݡղݡ黨ֲףֵҪô黨ݣмֵģʯµġղݡǶϪеġˡ
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΢΢һѾٺˣ⣬ûһ˿ɣ׵ͼġղݡҶҲʱ˲ˡ
˿һ˲䣬ԭž·ͨһĻȻŤȻ·һȡҶһѪ֮ʯ֮ϣͷ·祶ĳֻأ׷ɢ裬Ťһʱ䣬ʯ֮ϲɳʯŨ䣬·һ
һ䶯ûҶ׾Ŀɿڴᶯ٣ʹûм⵽ʲô٣
Ȼ˼ϣЩҲĿ꣬Ȼ䣬Ȼһл٣ұֱӶݡ٣ͷ·һ߰ͷҶ׻
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ȻԴУ׵缤
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ÿֲʹ󾪣˿޵ͻǵһμ
ʮͬһӿͣʹֻ֮ʩչ׶֮ӵС
ЩɫֹͲŰ֣һ̾ᵽϣ˿κε쳣
ҲɵΪԼһܣԼķӦһЩɫסĻʹΪٸҲҪ
ǺͷȻ˿ֲɻ
ֳʵһЩƷ޻ҪֲһĹΧƷ޶ӡ
٣ͻȻ֡
һܵѪҺĴ̼񱩲ѣĹΧڵ
Ҳû뵽Ȼֲֿ
˵ȲݣҲޣǽ֮ĴڣһЩͨǿʿרշֳΪԼһԺٳɳǽᵤʿҲ׽ٵķΧ֮ڡ
Ҳշٵ˼ٱټʹǱ˪Ͽ֮пҲûм꣬͵շʵǶԲԼ
ٵӲޱȣϵ׵綼˿壬һܲ͸ķ֣Ҫͻмǲܵ顣
ޣжٻޣֻữѪһɫĵâ
޶ĳŻɫĵâʱȻˣ
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һｵһ޶£ȴԻѪûа취
Ȼ޴󣬵Ҫȴһظֻ轫ĸγҲQˡ
ֻɽΪĴţҪڳҪܣԼûǿ
СһһξͿˣɻСԴ
СһԴӸ֮ÿ춼ֲͬӹжˣͷҲһȦһƶǲס
ɻɵĵ˵ͷ͵ûɽ֮С
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æӦޣûע⵽Сһĸء
ܿɻҵ˳ٵĸȻӴޱȣĸȻֻһôС
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͵һɽĽţ
žɻ͵һ׽һѪɫҧ
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ͿſήɵЦ֪ɻɹˣ
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ͼǵڵϾгԴһλᵤǧһųԴ飬ȴûɣɼԴϧ̶ȡ
ղкͲɵ˿
ȻŽĿꡰ˻֮еĴ滨һΣûôç״ˣȻϿͨͨʲôΣҲûУȴҴ⡣
ȻղЩͨٿԹˣô˭ұ֤ꡰԱߣй죬Ҫ֪Ǳ֮ղݡҪ߳һΣֻҲ͸ղžͲ費֮£йһνѵһȻٷͬĴ
ĿǱߣϸĴܵĻһɽȣʯᾣڵĵطһǳǳСϪϪˮ̣Ա߾Ĳݵأݵʻģ̵ģ׵ģƵģϵģġָɫĶС
УһΪ۵ĺɫۣǡ˻ʮͨһӤһ𣬸ԼߡУֻ¶һͷôǸûʲôвԼĵط
ȻûжֱԱ߱ضΣ
Աǧ죬ĻĴӵ֮Ե˵ҫۣȴһֵĵط
ȻΧĻ죬ÿһξͻһƬɫĻ䣬Щɫ侹ȻγһΧȦΧУҪɵͱ뾭Щɫ䡣
͹۲ϸ淢쳣


221 
ֻ֮һǺɫѪ֮һǺɫī֮һ֣Ȼǰɫ԰˵ףڣ죬ɫһ𣬸һּΪǿҵӾ
ֹŹֵĻΨһϳĻ䣬ӾģΪͷ仨ܣȻһһľݣӻ֮³ɫģ߸𣬷·
ô죬ҪðһգǾʹߣһˣջѾ
ôõһԼǰƷġȱǿģ⻹͵һζһ˷һƷ黨ڴֿɼĵطֻҪǰһժ䵽ԼУֲġ
ˣһΪһ̰ģͰԼˣǸӲֵˣʲôΨûеڶΣʱٶĻ֣ûãҲûʲôֵͬɣһʱɲ
Լ²ǴģЩֻֻһԼδûмͨأٵĳ֣Ͼֻһ⣬⣬Ҳûһˡ
תۼ뵽࣬Щɫֻûʲô˵ģԼǰװ׵ķŹһֿɵõƷ黨ΪԼĳɲǰװ׷٣˭Ҳܿ϶ɫֻĺͳһԶ˵ı¡
˵ʹУôڵʵһĻġֻҪϼӷҲ͵ϮԼʱԣ׶֮߾ˡ
ǣԼ²ĶˣЩֻ죬ʮԼʱˣҲ˲ˣðľʹˣ߽ǲüͷʮֵơ
Ȼ䣬Ժ֮һһ취ˡͶʯ·ô򵥵飬Լôȴ벻ͻȻ֮ðڲ£ððȻĴȥðΣգǲǣǣΪԼɣŹһλᣬǾǲ¡
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뵽뷨̽ЩֲֻһҪԼ棬֣һʯӣ漴һָ΢עʯ֮Уʯ˳ȥ
ۣûκɫֱֻӱҶ׵öʯӻ֭ҺɽзΪϣͷڵϣ˺ɫԨûзʲô顣
һɼûǰһΣһԡ컨ꡱַͨͨһʯӣеһʯӣһȫЩɫֻȥ
ǣһû뵽鷢ˣʯӡķЩɫֻʱȻ䣬Щɫ滨ǲΣաȻٶɫֻԶתҶи˹
ЩɫֻǷľݱԵڷдһӰǿ£̶ХһڿһƬٶɫֻͬٸƴתֱ֣ӳҶǵص
ͺȻɫףղһ£ֻ߳䲻⣬ֱӽǶֻϣԼһΣ롣
ȻѾ֪ɫйŹ֣Ȼûз
״һ㻤⽫ͻסе޽׵罫ɫƬ
ֻղһ£һöͨʯӾ׽ǻϣ֪ǵķԲǿԣһ̽Ȼ֪ɫֻȻԼΣգǻûевԼĵزɿõ֡
ղԣЩɫֻһҶ׵Ľֻһ祣ɾ޷ʲôӰ죬һĻȻеðգʵЩɫֻƲ˱׵Ļ⣬ı
ֻҪı壬ҲûκΣգԴݲɵáֱߡ
Ȼһɳ׹ʢ˳ƴǰһŵеɫֻûзɵǰͱ˵÷飬׷һʱ仨꣬ʮͷͬʱ»Ļ꣬ͬ׵粨һƬƬıɻ࣬ɢ׷ɡ
ٶɫֻǵһʱ䱻գΪ֮һ壬ۿҪɵꡰ֮ǰ۵ѾĿǰԶǡӰӣˣһԺɫ֮Уۡ
һ죬Ҫꡰץ˹ȥ
ʯһ˲䣬͵ָѾӴıԵһҪץ
ʱɫֻ𣬷һͳδͬʱԭͻɵЩɫֻ׷׷״µʱúڵĵطƽȻôҲû뵽һĻˡ
Щɫֻ֮󣬾Ȼַųһַۺɫ˲佫ͬĻⶼԬסˣɽͻȻһۺƶ䣬Ƭۺƶ룡
ʹһ֪ãѾˣȫַɫͲŲһڣ˵Ȼת飬ͬһʱ䣬ʼԣ΢΢ʹС
ǣ
״һ˲ܵĻⰵǣͷȴޱȵѣ֪Լˡ
ղһԣΪЩɫֻһȻҲԼϣһˣ춼ЩƬηչֻһϢʱ䣬ܳ󣬵ǰõǡ
ĽҲȷԤһģһֻ˲䣬ʹ˻󣬽ȫ飬ɵϿգۼҪ֣ʱԼֻҪɳǰһξ룬ԶЩ䣬ﰲȫ֮ء
ôҲû뵽ǣЩɫֻȻסԼĹǻ֮ΣշַۺɫȻԣӰеЧͬʱͷһΣͬʱҲʼͷѣˡ
ٴγԾۺɫֹͣУ˸йٵЧȻ»ãĵãȫʼоһӲֽѾԶղ㡣
ģôָѾӴ˵µġԺ֮мתţܵɫֻֻһƣЩҪ׷׽˳ĩȴѾҲûд߶ˡ
ѾĸоڵԽԽɬÿһתͷ·ǧʯɽһ㣬ҲҪƬ̣ͳ޷оΪһˣ޷ٽԱ͹
ֻ·һЩɫֻһ޵ֵ֮࣬׵ĻɱģôҲܽܵġ
Ϳһ۳ԭڵɽڣɽڶޱȣΣʵһڴ˴ɣ
ҧҧþһ˿߶׶ֻ֮׹һ͵Ӱʧ


222 µ
ֻԼԽԽأѸٵʯӲʶԽԽģԺ֮Уץסһ֦Ѿþ漴㳹ʧȥʶ
Ҳ֪˶ãתȻһоͷʹѣһԺһƬ壬õǰһ΢ĹâĿ֮һƬʺ죬ȫѪҺ
Լʱƺץסʲô׹׸պûУæŷ֣ôʱ䣬ѪĵطѾ裬һЩѪ֮⣬޴󰭣ǲеҡ
ʱͲʱ֮ǰˣԼȻûΣյľ£ܻʵף֪Щɫֻ׷ôˣΪʲôԼЩɫֻȴӰҲ
뵽־ͷۣɴ಻룬Լû£õģͬʱȻ뵽ʲô˲ϥ£һתŷԼڵѾָת֮УͬʱϵԣеѣҲȫʧ˾Ȼ»ָ״̬
һĻͣʱϲ֪ΪǷɫʱЧһԼŻָǲ֪Լﵽ״˶೤ʱ䣬ʲôʱ
ָʵ֮һģʹΣյĵطһԱ֮
׵ͷʲôײֻƬ֮СһģʯĶ棬ƺϵ壬ϧԨΰ
ͬʱͺԵĸоĺۼȻղԼʱɲɵģײʯϡ
ָһ׹⽣ƾճ֣ѨеʱһĨϹ⣬յֱǰ͵ͷȥڿʲôܡ
תһߣŷ֣澹ȻҲ壬ȴԼǰûзֵģǡ֡
ĸҲ֪жˣ沼˻ҳЩطѾģ壬ͬʱֵ°벿Сֻ¶ϰ벿
Ȼһʯ滹֣Īǣﻹ˼
뵽һϲ˶δ֪Ķֲһĵطʵߣ׳֪طȻǰ˽סʱеĽţͻ٣Ͼǰĵطοֲ˵ϣһء
߳ȥԼҲͶܹ
𶴸ѵﾹȻһؾ
૵ĵʯ֮ϲĻҳд˵صĻͿĲ²꣬ǧûˣֻ¼ʹˣҲţΨһĿܣ˾סȻһϹŵؾСҲǵǰǾסĵط
ؾ뵽Լн˵أȻܻһؾ͵Ҳɵ΢΢Щڱ˪Ͽ֮УǰһǧǺٳؾģͲ²ԼӦﵽ˰ҵĵط
ܳؾģ֣ҲͱѰҵˡ
ֻǴ˵أҲѹǧȻûһ˷֡ͨ˿Ǹ£ֻ¶㶼ɣ˭һ̽
Լ⣬ЩֻԼҲܵǰԼҲܶԶ֮С̽ġ
λ뵽ԼؾǰҲǸˣڲͬǡǡԼĶڱԸȥĵط
ԽǾԶؾõλÿԽǰⲻΪǰʵߵԭ򣬶Ǹʱ򣬱˪ϿȻûпʼ̽ǽ˪Ͽȵһʱ򣬿ܺϾͨǽϿһͬһѶȡ
ڽʼӲ࣬Ÿոտʼ̽Щ˵ؾһﷶΧ֮ڣֻǴ󲿷ݶڶĳϣǷ֣ˣܱģʵ֮٣ܱûб˷ֵģ͸ϡˡ
ԽֵؾܷԽ£ԭΪǰ涼Ѿ̽ϣֻҪֱӽ룬Żɴؾڱ˪Ͽ򣬵Χʵ
һתۼ䣬ԺѾתͷͬʱѾӵڵܲǸ£ȻѾѹˣһ취ȥ˵Ȼһʯ˵пһڿɽµġؾȻҲܲ̽һ¡
Ȼᣬǿģڴ֮ǰȻ˵ؾĴ˵Ҳû뵽ԼһڡؾУǰţ߱Ǿͷˡ
Ψһһµ֮أɫ⣬һҲջ࣬õĻҪ֮ء
һκһȫͬǰĶҲûʲôΣգͿɲŹûᡣ
ű׵Ļ⣬˳±һ·ǰС
;ֻԼĽŲɳɳģһһǴ̶ڿʯл죬һּΪֲĸоǰ죬Ҳûм㡰ؾӰӣʯƺ޾ͷ
ģͷѾǴԲεĶˣ·ʯڣøӵխͬʱʯڵɫĴһ־Өİףͷ·ʯһ⻬͸
ҺͻȻڣҲ֪˶ãõоһëȻʱµһûκĻߣһ·ֻԼĽŲоĪĲͬʱŲҲӵøˣ뾡߳ͨȻȥʱ̫Ǹ˾ͳԲ
Ȼˡһ죬ƺˮεڵôžĻУôӵù͵Ķ䣬εͽƴ֪ԼΪ̫ˡ
ˮȻˮһгڣʹϲӿ˽Ų׵Ļ˼֣ȴʱΣ
ת˲֪Ȧ¶Ѩĳ;ʵ˾ȵԸӣԣ˹ȫĹ̵ģƺӦһȻܶ͸Ӿȣ˪ϿУȻһܶһֱûб˷ǲ˼顣
ȻһҶǰͬʱˮˣȻ;ȻʣҶ׳һԲεʯУʯ棬ɫʯţܣǧû˴򿪹
ǰ治ԶͬһʯҶԸղŵǿʯһģһ
ʯϣ棬ɿĸ֣𶴸
ߣһССĻԣģƺǰֲĶȫˣʲôҲʣ¡
ʯ֮ϣͭʯףѱʴòģԱߣˮǴʯϣʯ͸ģƺ±Ǩĺĵ
֮⣬һ쳣ްֻӰĴڣ·һأѾ֪ûˡ


223 ׻
¹ڣʾ𾴣Żȥ
һ̤ʯףһּΪֵĸоУ·ԶŵĴűȻֻʷĹҳȻ򿪣һμ䴫п
͵֣ɫͭһɱĸоļ䣬͸ĵָоͨͭȻͬ
ǣͭͰȣﵽ˭ĶſڵͭȻҲǼƷĿƣͭ˵ֳͭ棬ȥȴ·𺮱һˣ̹Ǽ죬Ʒõֲϡ
ͭҲƱ׵һϡ
Ͷû뵽֮ǰͷʹޱȵĲϾȻͭԽһֻҵʣµļϣ¶ףһ¥
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΢΢һЦ˺΢΢һˡ
׹ʢһ̣ʯš䡱ȻпķѣΪʮ鳤̲һʯ顣
һЩĶ͵ǰվſڵ˵ȣûеİ֮һⶴûЩƣïڴ˵أѾˡ
ֻΪʱ̫ԶʹЩƣҲʱĳƻѲʱͲɵĽС
ٵ˵ȣȻûûл֮Ķִ֮ӵϼһʯӣ˽ȥʯڵϰ糣˽ȥ
һԲʮɵСηԲһ࣬һǣϱԲСԲأһðһȴ˷ʮһȣεΪۡ
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߽һȪ֮£峺һ鲻ɢ꣬мʵĹâȫһֺڵʯͷ̳ɣȪ֮£򲻶ϵð̣ȪˮУࡱ¶һֳʯǵԲγ˾ۡ
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֮⣬ޱĿһ䵽ϥϵǰѽɫϣѽȻǹ쳣ɢһǿϢƺһַиĸо
խָ֮ϣûκεΣʵ޻ͭɣѾЩĥȻ˽޾ˣܱʢޣδʣͶʶʵںˡ
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һˣʯ֮Уһʱ佣꣬һƬɱϸֽƬ䳤ĳߣǹ졣
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׻ݣ֮мصľȻһŶݷ
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ȷؾ֮ûκζ֮Ͳڿն뿪˹ȵס
ص֮Ҳ룬˪Ͽ˿ֲΧ˶Σգס
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224 ŭ
صѾԺˣͽ˴ڱ˪Ͽõҩȫ۸ɣ˽ǧĻ֣ʱ͵ĻҲѾͻһˡ
صԼĶչأ׻ݡ
׻ݲᵤʿصĹеֱǶ⹦ķµʱ䡣
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ؾ͸֮⣬λ룬˵ǵĿĵط
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ڵӿԽؾĲ㣬ÿһֻƲͨÿһöƵȨ޶ضģڵֻܽ뵽Ĳ㣬Ĳ͵ֻ󷨻Ὣ档
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ǴɣȻͬһ㣡΢΢̾˿
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뿪ؾ֮ͱصԼĶ֮У׻ݡ

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˭뵽һҩոսݾڣͱȥѺ˵Ӹһ
˵˴Σ붼ˣǿ൱ڽᵤڵ߰ЩڵĵֵܹҲѹ˻ŭ
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ʱԶģһȺƤսʿʮλ彫Ĵ£ϲǰǵĿĵغȻݣ


225 ѹڻ
ڴϵɽʱѾǰԺˣȴǵװ
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ĳìǵصķĵӱЩì̴
ԮԮ


226 
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ߣһͷǵ󺺺
ļ룡۲ɵüͷ
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൱һ͵ɣͳ߷Աģ
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229 سʿ
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Сѩ֮¾Ȼ˶ܣƽʱŵʱΣյĳ棡

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ԹŮͳͳȥɣʿðɫС棬ЩСͷȻһܣ
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Ǵﵽ޵׳Ҳ˴룬óʿʹѣ
׳ֻĴָСӲޱȣﵽ޵׳еٮٮߣʹƷҲԸʲô˺һǳʿƣǱһʮֻ
㡭ϻʿ


230 涾
ŵشӺݵĶ죬ɽˮûʿԸǸĵط
϶أѰʿһȥ⵽޵ĹʹǽᵤʿҲ̤С
ȴⶾ棬ҽеĶѱǷչһԶΪаŶ
˵ǿɻû˵һȷе˵ɿŵ˲
ŶĹ죬ʹ˶˶ޱȣԽǳªΪԽǿ󣬾˵ŵ׶µĻ˶һ޴ĳ泲Ͷ֮Ķս
ǰλǵʿȻûеֵز
ϻЦһеʮ鼤
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㵽ʲôͷȻӵйűʿ󾪣
ٻͷЦһ޷ɳһڴֵ׵˳ʿ
ˣʿĶ֮оȻһѵĳӣգڿһԲ󣬵סµ׵磡
̣ЩӾȻ׵磡
ʿһ˿ɵݵĽ;չ˷ͬһʵмֶĻ»ҪϳԿ
׹ʿһӣЩ˸׹ĳӻص˳ʿϣӶ˳ʿ֮У
ĵһĻСѩҪ³ˣʹҲ̲סüͷŵĹʵ̫аˣ
ʿ첿ϵ䶯ţ·ھ׽ʲôһ㣬һĻͲɵͷƤ飬һ뵽ĵʿȻЩڿо׽;;һ񺮡
ҲʮֵľʿԲ޵ķʸ϶ʲôУ
ֻۣʿһɫĶɳ
͸޵ֵɫĶ˲䱬ѿһɵɫ˲
жҪʹ󾪣
ͻѵˣûʵսСѩͲǰΣһֱҲ͵֮űѾĵɫĶ
ۣʿЦһ˴İɫ
ЩɫĶڿ͵ʱ͵ضѿĶͰУʹͲҲᱻЩʴ

׵˲ЩɫĶһȱڣǻûеͳȱھѾԶԭˣ
⵽ʲô
û˰ɣռĶѣ⻹ǿθ˰ˣʿЦ
⡭ǡڵɫĶ֮оȻһЩ΢Сĺڵ㣡
Щ΢Сĺڵ㾹ȻŶÿһֶǵʹһ֣
ЩϸСĺڵ㾹ȻǶ棬ЩɳĻͽ֮أ
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һܵ¶˲ЩƺҲһ㣬˺˼Щһ˵ɫĶҲ˿
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ȴ֣α겻αЩʮѣЩһѪҺͻɱһʮɱ꣡
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ҵĹƳ棬ɣʿЦ
ôᣡҵ˲䱬ɫĶںҵ¼ˣ
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˵ⶾİ취һɭȻĺðĶȫ˱飡
㾹Ȼ𣡡ʿ󾪡
ܵõһѾˣ˾Ȼӵ
ӣʿð˴Ķ棬Щǰ̣ηĳ͡
ûһֶܹһ֮ڣǱճ˻ҽǱ˱飡
ܣһ
ɫ׹һ˲㽫ʿסһŲ˵ϣ
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룬ɱңԵСҲʿЦ
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ҾҪŮΪ㡭
飡ʿԴ˲䱬ѿ
Ŀųʿʬ壬ʿһЩϵĶҲ׷׻ΪѪˮʿĴȡ֮ͱ㷭Ƿнҩ
ⴢ֮гһЩƿƿ޹ޣͼ֮ûҪĽҩ
Сѩϵ͵һæסСѩǶֵĻǾûˣ
ĽⶾûЧͽĽⶾСѩ
ҩһڣ仯ΪһСѩ֫ٺӵĶҲΪ֮һͣҲǵֵסӵĶˣ޷
ʯ飡һ
ʯ׹֮Чܽٶ
ͼæһƿʯСѩŵĿСѩ
ʯ鲻ÿһζޱȣһƿȥСѩϵɫ˲ȥ
СѩƽͲɵ˿СѩµĻֻˣᵤʿŭɳܲ
һʱ䣬Сѩ
ãĿͣôˣ
û£ȥˣŵĳ׵ķ
飡һСѩıϣ
ۣһڵɫĶѪ͵˳
㡭۸ң
ͿЦһҵĻûˣ㿴ЩĶ棡
СѩӣöģҲŲҪأ
ЩСѩڵĶ棬ȻѾȥǳڴСѩҲһСѩЩƳ˵ҲһսвؾͻСѩ塣
ԺסҵĻ治صڣϵͷһȽϺá˵
ŶСѩͷԼϵļƷȫ
ʧȥСѩǱһζͬһ׵
ûͨûеĻҽ㣡Ц
ûУСѩεĿ͡
ݣεĶǼƷҪҵһƷ±һɢҵһűҪѡ
ЦЦһˮСѩƷջðɡ


231 
ΪҪչ˵Сѩ˽Ųԭֻ·̣Ӳʮŵ
ƴǳ͵ǰʱҲ̾һǵ׳ۣһưĻʳǾͲ֪ҪķѶٵܽɣǶػÿά󷨵ʯһ֡
˵Щķѵʯ࣬ǽе˰գԵ߰ķá
Ƿޱȣÿ춼дʿڴ˽ףһ˰Ҳһֲ֡
ҲһʯǧÿǶϽɴʯжپͲܹ֪ˡ
ԲΪͽƳһ۾ͽسŵĴͷΪ塣
ʵҲΪףͨʿһˣ뵱ٵĻͱΪΪԽҲԽߣַôݾҲһ
ͽڵ˳سŵʿǰһһ
ǵڵĸڵڵĵӶмӣ˿κε
СѩΪ˷ܵĿŷǣƺһжܸȤ
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ÿζүүҵģͲܣĵģСѩ˵
үүûл𣿡
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ҲãҪһֱڵڵĻҸûлܳˣСѩЦ˵
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ޣüͷһ塣
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ƣһƤޱ㱻С
ƷЦһһСһŻ潫Ƥ޷ٻ٣
󵨣ӵС˴һ
С˾ȻҲΪΪ͵л㲻ʲôһָͽС˴ڵء
Үû뵽㻹ͦСѩһ
ЦЦԸһڵĵӻҪĻҵ鰡
η˾Ȼ˴󵨣ӵĹҲҴ򣿡֮д˷ŭ
̲סüͷǾ¹ܺԼĹ
ӵĹȻбӵ̣òԽ޴ңƿһŭݵĿ͡
ףϵС߲ҪˣǮ۰ɡӿŲСѩϵĻ˵
СĻԵȷһС߲࣬Ϊ۷޵Ϣһ۾Ϳ⻨ԡ
СѩŻ±ȥһ㡣
ۺһ˿ɱǻû˸С椼ֱͷˣ
ӺεɱȻӲ͵۾Ҳû뵽һԲϾɱ
Ҳ֮ˣһڵĸӾ͸˷ǻӴľҲҶԵڵ˷οһᵤ϶ҪֺõСѩ
ʹʱӾ͵նɱƨҷţ
ǿ󣬵ǽᵤڵĸ֣Ҳлʲô֣һʧȥ˵ڵıӻ˲ͻᱻΧĹҹռ
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Ӵǣû뵽һһҪģҲҲӽ
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磡ͬèһ㡣
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硭ӻ˵ЩʲôȴһƸȥ
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ұ죬ȥú÷ʡһסֱӷ˻ʳǡ
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⡭⡭ֱּ̨Ϣġ
̨нҫȫ常̨նĹϵֻҪ̨ն绹ڣ̨оͲᵹ
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޷޷ֻһʱԽܰˡ̨ҡҡͷ
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ţ˵ˣֻܴ죬֮ǱҪϻصڡ˵
֪֪ô£үү˵СѩͷĴͣǵĽֵҴܡ
СѩĿ궼һЩ˵ĵ̣Щ߶ĵһ۵ȤûУϾСܱ֮۵Ķʵǲࡣ
ˣǺ«Щڷ洦ɼĶСѩüЦȵõһƷҪġ


232 
˼ףһˣΪ˷򣬷׷ϺȣƼԼ̯λϵĶ
Сѩ̣ϾͱһȺ˺ƵҲű־ҪӴʯ
ϧ˵ʲôӵù۾Щڵ̯ϵĶһԴγõĻƭЩʶˣǵĵ
£΢΢һЦһǰ꣬һƾˡ
ȻȴҲȥƣÿˣÿ˵淽ʽҲһְ취ֲȥǿǿһȫԼˡ
Ǳ׬˵˼ʹϵҲԹñˡ
ȻЩĵ̯ϣżҲЩöģֻԳȴҪѴʱ䣬Ϳû
ĺöİڵ̯ϣ˲ʶż©飬ϡ١
ЩҪö˵϶ǵȥߵĵУȻļǮҪһ㣬ȴѰˡ
ңʲôģҲб֤
ǳۣһЩȽϹصĶԸȥߵС꣬ѡ̯
Ȼܾǵɿʮֽζĵص㣬ȺǴӴģһǣȻʲôʡ
͵洦СѩûôˣץǺ«ϻһӵռﻹߵӣʹͶװʶСѩ
з˶࣬ʿҲ࣬ЩʿˣҪһضȥˡ
ͷʹǣСѩûûˣ߳ԱߣҪСеġ
С㣬ͱˣ˻ΪһؤأͲɵĿЦ
ǸʲôԼ˾ˡǺ«治ȥһ㡣һʯһ𣡡СѩЦ˵
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СѩǺ«֮ϵǽ򡢲òϣ׵ĶСѩȴԵƤɰ
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ǸٹȵóԶˡСѩЦ˵
Ͳɵҡҡͷ˵ЩǱ֮ģͲٳЩӰ˵ĶĻⱲӶͷˣֻҪһ˿ΣͶὫž⡣
СѩܲǾŶЩ֮ＴʹһЩãҲޡ
Ų֪ѾֵľͷһƾɵľϣС֣СС־ȻȱһߣôôҲһСӦеӡ
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ڴʱһеƼݵĺ꣬СߣʵλʦˣҪʲô鱦𣿡
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ҲֻһʣûĴʲô˵أⲻǾѣһ磬Сѩ뿪˵أڻ伴ʼɲܴ¡
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룬Ǹ˵һ仰ȴ˵ССȤ
ˣУһСᣬ˵кܶ಻Ķ֣߽鵤湦ĽݣһЩķ֣˿Ȥȥһ
᣿
۾һµеСĶһϣСҲһѹĶضʮֲģһĹϣһʮصĶȴǲٵġ
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ȻһְҵˣУµ˿ͣȻսױȡһ΢ķֳɣԼ
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ǱΪĹ˿Խ࣬ɽĽԽܻ࣬õķֳɱҲԽ࣬ˣǻʮҡ
ΪܴٳɵĽףǺܶ࣬ǣһ¼ҵͬƶ˴ͷﾺÿֵܷõĽϡ
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ܵһǼ΢룬ҲУȥ
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İ˵һͣҪô󷽡
õģˣ롭
ӦʣʱǴϲа࣬һګԴʣĽ٣ļΪѡ
ղſͶһߣȴѾúˣòӲͷƤ;Ȼ˺˵Ȼһ˵ˡ
͵˵ͷĴ£ƹ֣һƫƧĵ·ĵƻ࣬ȴһģСľʯд
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֮ͳƽԵǰ̨ˡ
Ǻ갢໶ϲصȥˣ͸ǣˣ¸ˡ漴ǴҴȥȻȥһλ˿ȥˡ


233 𽣵
갢ȥеʱֻʣͣСѩǻˣٴ˵أȻ⣬ᵽߡ
СѩһûûεӣֻǹŴܡ
ȴֱӵλӣϱҪʼˡ
͵˵ͷҲ˵ʲôǾͷȥһʱ߽ߣִϣһСѩ
СѩҲȤĴߣԴͲ˽߰ݵʲôĽɫҲǺˡ
ԽߣԽǻ谵֮أȻǰ⴦ʯңʯ֮£پһ֮ӭһ޴ķʯš
ǰһֱ£漴Ŵ򿪣һ˲͸ĵƻ𣬴̵͵۾΢΢һʹ
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»£ȸˡ˵ˡ
͵ͷ˽ȥǰֵľõԵСһ
ͬǰģȻһģ޴󣬵ƻͨľ͵ء
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ҹ飬һҲǼֵǧȴ֮ãɼͻСУ򵥡
ģ˺ܶ࣬ضҲҪɫࡣ뵽
һƷȫ°첻ˣƷȻƷô֣ҲʲôϡĶ
棬һ޴ʯƸ̨̨ϣĻգȻûʽʼ
һƧλã漴㿪ʼ֮ˡ
ܵˣҲвٵ˺һߣǣҲˣĿʾˣЩϣ͸¶ƣʮǿ󣬻ǸȻǷˡ
ʱУĳɵĳˣѰһССУֻԵЩף˵ɣȴѾһΪµˡ
ΪǴʱеģҲǧ֮ࡣ
Щûжϵ˿Ҳûжһģֻѡĵطһӣعͷһۡ
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ӣЩûѡߵ֮ؿڲλһɫŽȻ֣ƺһرı־
۾΢΢һ־Ȼܲʶֻ֮УҲûмʶ֮ˡ
ݽɽׯ𽣵ӣһ
ݽɽׯ𽣵Ӽϡ٣²һ֮λȵʮӣҪǿһ㡣
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СѩҲע⵽𽣵ӣ
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УʱΤʤʦѾ˱࣬诣󷨣ǱһȥСѩ˵
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ȻλҪʲôϡ֮ҪóҲиᣬȫΪλġ
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ˣ˷Ѵʱ䣬ˣǲģضЩȲˣҲͲϻˣڣڴᣬʽʼ
һ콣ϹŽ֮һնؾ٣һƷʯÿμӼ۲õƷʯ
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УѾվ۾Щȵ̨ϣȻҧҧĵ
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˵ѡء֣˵һ㣬ȻءԲʲôˡ


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̨˱죬˻˵ʯ֪£̰ͼһϾЩ̼˵һС
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235 
ͱǻĹҲԻΪһŵػ°빦Ҵ˵ػǧĻЧԶʤЩͨĵػ顢Ƕʲôرģһŵػõô𣿡СѩĿ͡
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236 
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Ŀƽɨеǧˣ֮Ȼм˸ֱӵģ漴Ŀת̨ϣʮƽĵʮ򣡡
þţȫһƬİ

֮Уǰʮ룬ȻͻȻһӷȻͬˮУһĹ͡
䡱ڵǧڣȫסˣ̨һڴΪһµֵĺʦҲͬ
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ֻҪ£˵ʮ򣬾һʮʮҲֵġ

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Ĺ𣬴ǰһưˣ̧һ˫Щͬһ˫ۣ͵ķڳޡ
ʣʣþûмôʵĶˣû뵽һݾ˾ʵĶңҲμһΣΣ
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̲סüͷɼȻ֮Ȥǳġ
Ҳ壬ʯû¹ҲƽʱʯϣֻҪԸ⣬ʱܴճʯ


237 ֱ
صˣһָһ򣡡
ʯеգһιļž˵
һһ˵۾˲㼴ͨϢ٣ţ
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ЩĶţűȣһĲġ
ԣ¼۸񲻸ߣ¼۸ԣļ۸ԽߣԣôȻԽ
ԣʦĺϢһӼǰһЩĻȭλӳһ򣬻ûҪߵģûУ
˵꣬Ŀ͵ķˣҲȫĿ͵ķ
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ҹ󣬲ΣһԶԶĴȥǷֳɣҲһݲСı
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˱ģҲ뷨һʱ֮֮أòĿ
΢΢üͷ
ĿԼˣʵǲ֪ΪһҪԼԡ
ԭжһΪҲ֪⡰ӡҪĵ֣Ǯˣڻ߷ˣҪõһЩ
Σ˵ĳۣƵһزΪһ򣬲Ѿڳ˵׼ۣͬҲ֧ȡ
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ԣԣȻԡǸʦȴŭɫϲæͷ˵
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̨ϵĺʦȻһס̨ϵʾʱģԵټʼ
΢һЩɧȴû˵ʲôɫ졣
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һЩܴͣУͣºٷΪÿδǰǰ˴ֵĶӡһݲӣ͸Щʵĵˡ
׼ʱ䣬ʱ䣬ӵĺܾã˭ֻҪȵõϢӦʱڣԼ֧;ͣĵ顣
ǣһЩ棬СͣߣȽ͵ϣ飬ȴżʡ
ЩϣһЩϡĳڳˣΪȲ֪飬ԣȴʯԱõˣ
Щ漰۶޴󣬸Ҫʱ׼֧һҪĶԽ
Ҫͣһˣÿʱ򣬶ҪȴЯʯˣӵеΨһһĻᡣ
ҪıˣΪЯʯֻʱĽϵһϡ֮УɵʯٻμӾġ
ʱ򣬡ļ۸һ㲢ͣȥѹļۣԽ棬ԽǴ͵УԽˡ
ȻҲܸߣвӱ⣬ԣֻһйоأ΢м۰ҵļ۸³Σû˻ô
ΪЩĶȻԸó϶ǼΪֻƽҲǿ˵ġ
һʱҲͬʱҪĵĶ˵УǺεȵı󣬶ڵõľģޱǿңϧһдˡ
٣ʱ򣬻ܾùģǣҲкһľģ÷ϵĳһЩ
ǼΪҪͼ֮ûж˻ôֻᾡԼϵ㡣
ʱУΪӪʱ̡
ϾٺãûҪҲֻģһʹ󣬵һĶˣ۸Ҳȥ
ǣ֡ͣġ鷢֮ʱ۸᳴һ۵ĵز
һҪۣ˽Ҫߵļ۸ͬʱҪЩȻܴ׬٣ҲС׬һʡ
װһ֮ϸһɣҲ飬Ͼе֮ûܱǸķӳļֵ
֮⣬һҲΪֻҪ˱˱ص֮ģҪõģҲֻкƴһɽļ۸񣬵ȻԶֹе϶
ҪҪͱ˶ƴҲҪϱĵطиǴ׬
ԣУͻӭһ飬˽гͣġ֮ʱû˿Ծܾ
˶һ㣬ԣ͸Ų֮̊ɫŻ˸ӡ
еɼȴһ㶼ģȤĿߵ̨ͣҸӶǱӾʯ㣡
Ӣ֮أôʤأԱߵʿЦ
£һԲ˭Ҳ֪˿Щʲôղһ£˭Ҫ֮Ǵ⿴Ͳ˳ۣеĵҡ
ǣΨԼףֻ֮Ƕǳײֶ飬ڱصá
ңۼʶһΣһö顱ըĳֳ䡣
һᵤǿߣΪûжٷ֮£ͱһԶʵˣӲըѪ
һĻγξУһߣ⡰顱ܣоޱȵľԼһϣֻһʣ¡
һߣҲڲϵѰһᣬҪõһö顱ϧǣҲǿ·ôҲֻǰ롣


238 Ҿ
ײֶĲ֮أʹײֶĵҲ˻ӵһö飬˵֮ˡ
ɼ궼û뵽֮ؾȻ֮
ֻҪ֮ǲܶ鶼Ƴڱ˵пܺѣǶɼļ˵ֻѴѵʯ£ȻܳɹƳö
ȱٵǡǡʯ
ʱ䣬ЩŵĳУٵȥ
ʯУһ̣һЩ΢ϢһЩԹ۵ˣض֣˿Ҳеһš
̨ϣǸʦۣȴĺ⣬ĳٳֹ֪ٴδͣͣС͵ᣬһۣȹ쳡ģȴûжٴΡ
Σ˭ɹãģɿ϶ľʯᡣ
һ㣬ӹɣԣ˿̣ǳУΪ˷ܣڴˡ
ʱĽȥһʱ󣬵ǵǸͷɫ棬һذ̤߳׿ȻӰǰʱȻһ䶯
ȫĿ
ˣˣҪʼˡǰڴ֪󣬵ĳʲôһزۣǣôĿԴˡԱߵ˻ĵ
꣬ޱ飬˿ϢӰĿҲǲɵ΢΢һ
ɿ˫ָٶһգ̾ڣҪʼôôɡҵҪ㵽жٵ̿ԻӻҾ
һ̣ӿޱȿҵƣ˿赲
̨ϡ
ʦۣ͵ӰʱϲĽеˣλѾˣôڣұʼ˻ô
һƬĬ˶ûлشʵÿҲףʱУܲģ޹ѡ
ˣҲֻһǡ
Ǻʦֻۣǿһۣ㼴ףҲͲٷϻֱӿڵãȻû˵ôҾΪĬˣȻˡ
˵һ٣ֱۼƵһӣʽʼ棬λʼۣոλӳһ򣬿ɻ˼Ӽ۵ûУУ뾡ۣϣˣôһʱ򣬼Ҳˡ
ԣץᣬһһΣһڶΡһߺһĿ䵽ѾĻУ»صԭλ֮õ͡
ȫˣҲ⣬ȫĿŵɽΪϴһߣ˿ϡ
˶Ͽһʲôף˭Ҳ֪ղ棬һЩϻжʯ˶ޱȵĺ档
ϧǣǸƣȻû˽ͬʱҲñ˸޷ӱ˵Ͽ˿ı飬ߣ
ĵƽʱǾⶫͦõģڴ˿̣ȴ޲͸ɫĹ棬״ʱߺ󵽵һʲôı顣
̨ϣǺʦѾҪˣе£˶һ֣ѵղŽȥȻûжһʯɡ
Ȼôڲˣˣ
˶оһ󲻿˼飬͵۾Уɻ󲻽⣬ʦҲͬһʧѵȻòֵˣԷˣ
ĽȻҪģһȻǣõľ棬Ӧġ
ǣԷٳٲϺۣܲһֱȥʱޣʱһǵýȥ
ʱ򣬼ʹԷļ۸ʮļ۸Ҳı䲻ʲôˡ
еĹأһ޷ģ뾺ģֻ֮ǰʱ̣ѵҿô
ɻĿ͵ķ
ˣ꣬ҲͬһŴɻ󣬼ʹٲôȥһˣӦúһμ۰ɣ¾ֻһҲǺһΡһζʲô
ѵľδͻȻ־ֵ֮һԷˣ
ȻǵһμΪһ;ϵˣڵľٶȴһɻ󲻽⡣
漴ЦǴʲô뷨ֻҪһ̨̣ϵʦһ䣬ʲôУһ֣Ҳ˭Ҳ޷ıˡ
ߣʶ룬㲻ãǾеͷۣҲǭ¿ôһ㣬뵽ˡƾ֮أܸᲢۣд˲㲻ٸߣҸ߿ˣ
λ꣬жԼ˵ж͵ۣһǧɣȻһ̣Ѿ϶öϼӡѾȵУٲʲôˡ
һΣڣ̨ϣǺʦ꣬ȫˣΪܼһͻ˾޲⣬һʧ
ʹԼòܿһᣬҲǲУ˭֪ǰͷ˹˭˶ΪڱصõһˣȻȴ;ήˡ
˶֮ԱǣУ˲м
̨֮ϣǺʦȻʣԸǳѹĿ֮£ǲɵþеСС̨ȥ
һ̣ССУȴȻǧѹЩ
̨£˵Ŀ⣬ȫǸССʱȫĿġ
еգһʱЩ
̨£ǰţǿ׹ӵ꣬һ˫ֽסвϵĺ䣬䣬ĥʲôͿҪҵˣ
ڴʱޱߵļžУһƬϢУһ³ͬףը˵Ķߡ
ͬˮ֮УͻȻһͣһʱ֮䣬УЩ¡¡졣
ҳһٶʮ򣡡ʮƽȻǣ˿̣˶Уȴһ
˶ĿǾҪ̨ϵתߣǻվϡ
˿̣վͦɣΰ˵УȻһ˿ɲĹ۸С
̨£ǺʦۣһʶĲһ¶ͷϹµһͷ亹
૵ĵڣˣڵȵˣĥôãҺ˫۾ôΣһûпˡţ
ΪϾͽʤȯյɼ꣬Ȼͷһ˫۾۾м䷢Īɡ
Ȼʹ˾٣ѾɹȼĶ־һٶʮ򣡡ãܺãǶʮ򣬶ʮļô
תͷ̨ϣĵһʮ򣡡
˵Ŀⶼ͵ķ
һĿ𺶡һٶʮ򡭡ѵ㣬ʮ򣬶ʮļȥôȷһӰղ̨Ҳ֪Щ˶ʯȻ۸񡣡ĿԴɣٺ٣ϷˣµСӺһʮӼֻۣһʮˣһʮ򣬺١
ЦһĿҲǲɵһƬȡ
֣һĴˣҲǲɵ𺶲ѵģڵˣǲ˰ϰʯȻóӻˡ
ˣʲôȻ
ڳ˵˶˵ݣʮֵĺ棬ϧϣȴ˭Ҳġ


239 ɽ
һʮļ۸ѾһۣɼȴС
֮Ǳصã˸ҺҶһ֮صʿܺҶɼЦһ
һʮ򣡡͵˵
һʮ򣡡
һʮ򣡡

򣡡
ۣһ֮Ȼ߼ۣûʲôܹ˸ߵļ۸
ɼ굽ʲôͷʯ˵þã⼸˵ʡ
Сѩж٣̲סʵ
ûʯģүү֮ǰֻһٶƷʯҪСѩʵ
ȫҡ˵
ŶСѩӴͳһٿƷʯ͡
ȥ̨ͳ˴ǧҩд󲿷Ƕҩҩôʯϵʯﵽʮ
ǿɼļƣʮѲסֻ֮СѩԮ
򣡡ָ˲һļ۸
ᶼˣһһʯǺεȵֱʣ
ʦԼ˳ˣʯһһҹ
ɼ¶һ˿â˼˼İ򣡡
͵һɼΪλ˷ݴû˵һڡ
ʹǵڵΤʤһҲò˶ʯɣ
̾Ϣ̾ڵ˰֪۵ļѣһϲĶӻˮ֪ҵ࣬ʵʱ򣬲֪һǮӢۺ
İʯļ۸ѾܳܵļޣʹСѩһٿƷʯϵʯҲٶˣİкܴĲࡣ
Ǿķʵǲģ֮һҪõ
һƿʯ飡ҧҧ
̨ϵĺʿһ㶣ӲĻعͷͣ˵ʲô
һƿʯ飡˦һСƿ
ʦСĽƿ𣺡Եȣ
˵ʦ߽˺̨Ȼȥ֤ǷǴ˵еʯ顣
ɼ̲סһۣʯ˵ʹҲ˵ǺһʯԿһһϢ֮ʹҲûһΡ
ͣΣǰû
˶û˿óʯ˵ȴ˵еĶĪ˵ǵһʱ䣬ʮ¶ֵá
ԼĪʱ֮󣬺ʦŴӺ̨˳鼤Ŀʿ
λļʦƿ֮װǴ˵еʯ飡ʦĺ
⡭̫񣡡
˵еĶóﵽʲô
ɼ겻ɵı۾һƿʯļ۸𣬶ʯͲǿʯġ
ܹó֮ʯģжѡǰߡ
ٶʯҲǳ֮Ȳһƿ˵еʯ顣
ϧˣײֶʧȥһλᣬ¾Ҳòˡɼ΢΢̾˿
ӣαصģǵȥ֮ԱߵԼĲϻһ¡
Һ˵ȹ죬зִ磡ɼһ
ʦû˵ʯֵʯһʯۣܶһƿʯҪζֱۣ޼֮Ҳӵĸɼ֮ˡ
󱿵ϾȻʯֶó㲻ֶ֪𣿡Сѩ͡
еʿ̲סЦû뵽óʯʿȻᱻһСָű
ʯһƿɽ֮͹λˡ
һƿʯ龹ȻֵǮʹҲû뵽
ԭΪʯʯѾǲˣСʯļֵһƿʯ龹ȻֱӾȨ
Ǵ󱿵Сѩһֱ߶
һһûõĵػѾˣھȻһƿʯһֱ֮һܼӰ
Сѩ֪֮ǰԼһƿʯʲôأ
ʯֶȻޱȣȴôΪ֮пǻмƿأ
һƿʯ鲻֮֮ǰĵػļ۸Ҳˡ
һͽǸһƿʯ飬ͻԼаĶһνǼĻ㡣
Ȼ뷨ĿҲֻһˡ
󱿵СѩǷŲеԹ
꣬Сһ㣡ɫһ䣬ޱȾĿܡ
ôˣСѩһ
ֱûһǸ޵ʱ;һ飬Сѩ֪һΣˡ
ɱǣСѩһ
˳֣Իᱻ˶ϡһ
Ҫô죿Сѩʵ
ģҡ͵һЦ
һ˲ʧ֮ǰ
뿪СУڴߣͬͷӬתȦ֮һˣź޺޵һߵǽשŭɶ񣬱ͷܵˣ
ģȻһӣСôôѵ֪Ǹ档
ϧˡ֧ʯģزͨˣȴˣȻһ꣬ˡ
˵ЩʲôãڣѣҾͲˣ
ǡڴʱһһֱûпڵˣץץͷƤƵĵղУʹߣֻҪһժ£ٻһȥ˭
ԣˣһʱһˣá
ǰһʼ;ʹ߳᳡еģ˸Ŀûмһ棬ãã˺֮УֻҪһѣõȥȥң
Ȼ䣬һ̧ͷˣС׷ǻһôǸſˣҲõóһˣҲһ
ˣԣ۾һϴһͷôû뵽㣬еǶǡ
Ȼϴֱ½۵ˣ˵ô죬ûдߣ·ôۣߵﶼܱ֣ҶˣǾȥţϴӢ
һƨϴã緢һ֣һתΣСͷԵĴһۺ󣬱㼴ֹ׷Ѱʧķ׷ȥ
֪⼸˵뷨ĻضЦѣɼϵƺΤʤȶ·磬⼸ȥֱǲ֪ôдġ
ֽе߸ӵȻŲӣֻ˲䣬Ѿص֮ϣȻ䣬һɫĹӰһ͵ʶǿֻһ˲䣬㽫ǵӰ
Ŀ΢΢һһͻȻ֣Լǰ꣬ĿЦЦ㣡
ң
棬ͻȻ֣ǰɫӰȻǸղУˡ
ɫŵĿɼ꣬ɫĽСѩ
ϵòѲҪɱ˶ᱦһ
ɼǿֲƣͲò
Щ¼ɵĹҪϵ򡣡ɼ국Ŀ͡


240 ҵĻ
ΪһͿɼꡣ
ֻҪ۸ʣûʲô򲻵ġҲҪӡˣԭԱ
ͺɵĿɼ꣬û뵽ɼ꾹Ȼ˺˵ǵûɱ˶ᱦһ׵ӡ
ɼʵǿǳֵĻͶǲС
ƾ׻ĶݷԴɼѣСѩȴû£
۰ɡɼ국˵
üͷʵǲɼ굽ڴʲô⡣
ģ
Ȼ˵ûʳԵʱ򡣲ܶټ۸ҶܳܡɼЦ
ű˵
˵ͬʱתб仯ͻСѩԶݡ
ű㵹Ҳ̰ɼ΢΢һЦֻӽָ֮ͳ
һһơ
ͫһȻǹűһһűͻǵһμ
׹⽣һնһĹűܣޱˮĿƳɣʹͨҲȲ㹻ȡˡɼ국˵
ôֱʣ㵽ǺˣͿɼꡣ
ݣͯսɼ국˵
ݣһ
ǿǱȻݣݲǾΪʢ֮أݵʵǿܺݳƽ
Ҳݵķ֮£ǿѹס塣
Ҳû뵽ɼ꾹Ȼ֮ˣ
͵ľȣɼ·ϵһ㣬ű͵ǰڿɷӡһݸң
͵˵ͷȻ֪ɼ굽ڴʲôע⣬ͺɼҪֵĻͳʬһߣĵҲûбҪġ
ɼõ֮󣬱㽫еݼ£һĹ㽫򻹸͡
ײֶȻͬ죡һ仰֮ɼʧ͵ǰ
ֵˣ㲻˵ɱ˶ᱦǵûлűСѩĿ͡
ͿЦһҲЩʲôóʯǺԥóűѵʿĵ𣿡
УȻǿʢǻÿʿˣݵĵλ϶Сѩ˵
ϵöָȻҲǴ෨˵
ǽдָȴҪϺüΣʹǽᵤʿҲûмӵִ﷨Сѩ˵
ˣ߰ɣϽصڣ¼Σա˵
šСѩ˵ͷ
ºڷߣʹСѩΪһϹ⣬ڿԵøҫۡ
Ϲٶȼ죬գ֮ʧӰ١
һЩĴոѾʧȥǵټ
ʱɼǰ߱ʬڱһͷڵĹš
ңͯսʬЦһ
Ҫͯս֮ˣǻûпͯսͱͯս˲ɱÿһ˶һ
ɡͯս˵
ͷʳʬĹʬ壬صͯսߣͯսΪһ壬κε쳣
Ǵ˵еһ͵ޣӲй
ͯսȻһͷޣȻǹ󲻿ԣʹϹޱϾԳҲҪ֣
үУѾݣȵĻǿ²ýߵ˵
Ȼ˵ݱҸһ㣬ʵҵĶ֣οͯѵǲɣͯսЦһ
ңүүˣϣү֮еõһϯ֮أȻЩүĹ͡
˵Ҳǣץɡͯս΢΢˵ͷ
ͺСѩҹ̣׻ݵٶȽԭг̵졣
СѩЦ
ҲҪȥϢһ£ҹĸ·ˣͿЦһ
ϵʩչ׻ݣתԶʤˣдĻ鵤֧Ų
ţһлл㣡СѩЦ
͵˵ͷصԼĶ֮ͱȲĽһöػȡ˳
һʯһöػȷǺܷ񣬵Ƕ˵ػֵ
飡һ޴ػ֮ϣ
ػ鱻Ӳզ˵֮У澹Ȼû˿
ҾͲˣһӳʮޣػ黹ǰȻ
һɫ˲ӿɫֲޱȣ;Ȼɫյػ飡
ػҽ֮ЩֲɫգҴ֮
ػһһڻϲɵ¶Цݣȵľһ̣
žػǱȫڻʱ˲ޱȣһɿ񱩵Ļӿһʱ͵ɫȻѹסˣ
ðԵĻ棬ҵĻȻ㣡
Ϊһöػ黨һƷʯȻǲֵãػ֮дҵĻĻôһƷʯﳬֵˡ
ڵ춯Ļ͸Ͳע⵽ػ֮Ρ
ÿһǼֲĴڣܹΪüÿʿ飬֪ػ֮оȻһĻ¼۸ԶԶֹһƷʯˣ۸ʮ⡣
˵ܻһʯػ飬Ѿռıˡ
ҵĻʮˣ͵õ֮ǰһ֡
ҵʮˣʮģڶʮһҵĻʮˡ
ÿһֶʮֲֿǰʮԻأ
ÿһλͻᷢ츲صĸı䡣
ںɫҶҵĻѹƣɼһ㡣
ͲϲҵĻԽǿ;ԽȤ
ǽյĻΪһĻôһ¥Ժͽᵤʿĵˡ
Ͳϴ߶ɫҵĻ࿹⣬ֻ֮вϵײÿһײдĻǶеգûжκεƻ
Ͳ꣬һܷѹ飬οҵĻǰ
֮ҵĻ˲٣ʱ֮ͷһҵĻһ֮¾Ȼޱȵ˳˿ûеֿ
̲סʥ޵ʯһۣǵһηʥ޵ʯô


241 ڻʼ
ʥʯİշҵĻø˳ҵĻû˿ĵֿ㱻ɫںһ
ںϵһɲǣ͸оԼں⼸һ漣
Ͳ֪ûкߣǼʹϹʿҲûںϹġ
һѰܹѰһѾˣο֡
ÿһǼֲĴڣһзգǶһֵĻ߱ȻͻʱײȻ֮أ
΢΢̾˿ȻѱʵǷ˼ҲܹҲע⡣
ȻܹѱǿƵںõķɡ
뷨һͻ֮ȥ
ͺÿںһɱҲеѶȡ
ϧޱȣõһֶǼѣܵõѾˣõѶȲһĴ
ҽ·ŵһߣ͵ʶ֮УϸĦ֮
ѣֻ׵֮ԣǳ˶ɽ֮ʱơ
ؼж׵֮أжԸڶɽٵʱһԣԼʹײֶһҲֻưöңҴǴ洢
ܶˣΪײֶԣ顱вᵤǿߣֻǸԼѣʹǿҲӦò̶ȡ
ᵤǿߣɲһʦ˰̤һˣ֮ϺУÿһ޲ǿޱȡ
һܻɱ֮ˣкã
ǣȴû뵽ײֶʵǿӵЩϬܳΪݴ֮һ
ϧǣһٳУֻۼʶǿģȴûмֻЩˣ֪һЩη塣
Ȼƿײֶͱ˻ȥﻹݵǴȥҲһֱԭ֮һ
Ϊײֶеġϼ顱֮Ϭдˣвʵûа취ĲѲ仹ϡ
ײֶǿ󣬵Ͼʵ̵Ļ⡰ϼ顱֮ÿһöףõһöȥһö
ǿĳңսȻǿشԷײֶضأСϼ顱ȫ꣬ײֶΣˣһֻ׸⣬һɣͿ԰ƽ
⣬ȻǾԲԸ³
ԣһ棬䣬߶һߣ˲׶á顱⴫䣬ļΪϸ
ܴһݣΪ˱ԼƣϾԼбûУСײֶڵ
һ룬ҲΪõ̫࣬ǿŵĲ׷ɱ޶ѡ
ʱ֮͵ʶ˳򣬶ײֶһŵ˽⡣
˵ײֶҲģ˿ֲķȴʹãɵĲ
ĴҲݺݵһЩĴ治ɣʹѶȼߣײֶĻۣѾﵽһֲ֣ǱƼˣЩ鱬ըɿֲɱˣκһɶԳܵ顣
Ȼ֮αãͶԴȴ⣬֮ԼУҲζýᵤ涼Ϊ֮־ˡ
ҪƲϲǶٺЩǺͨϣΨһѶȾѰ׵֮
׵֮亱⿿ɽʱȡ׵ʮŶǺײֶҲҵһİ취Ǿʿ߶ϵ׵磬ȡЩ׵磬顣
ȻܴĲʿ׵ҲܱȵףƷֻԭ߳ɵ˲ңȻвᵤʿ
ѽ˵ȴ⣬֮пǴŴףֻɼһƴ飬Ҳ͵¶Ҫԭ˴ԭϣƳҲֻʱϵˡ
׼һоʱһöɫĴ˶֮С
˳֮УһöɫĴС
İȥɣ
ͶʱСѩѾͷɵģǹ˼죬СѾͷѾͲסˣǲ֪ڵΪġ
ˣһ
ϣ
һʦ˵Ĵ
;һһ¹ڣŴȥ
͸ϵʱ򣬴֮ѾˣϽǰʮʿ
֣΢΢һЦ
Цŵ˵ͷһټѲڻ䣿
˵ͷڻ俪ʼҲʮҵʱ䣬ʱҲʱˡ
ԭˡ͵˵ͷ
ûãǰʮѾ룡
ڻ䣬ϣΪ⣬ǰʮߣԿɽؾѡһȨǰ߿ɽؾ߲㣬ܽǰؾؾ˲㣬ǶùھϻΪͽ˼˵
;һΪһڻ䵤ȻѪ˵ջ󼸺ûܹƣҲ⡣
һΪϵĵеɻѲɳΪϵĵӱȲؾ˲ıﻹջ
˴Σң۳ϣҶʳϣͳϴӣһ¡
ʮĵԵøҫۣȻλᵤģһΤʤģΤʤϵƾȻ˿λᵤ棡
˵ΤʤͿԽᵤڣΪ˺ԾѹԼΪڿ⵹ġ뵽
Τʤһ˵һĴΪսʤϧѹΪ
˱˵˵
ϾͻڿΪͻƶΤʤȴѹԼΪͻƣ֮Ĳ
ȻңһͻȻ͵Ҳࡣ
С㣬ҿȥμӱʱ㣿Ͳɵ÷˷ۡ
ߣҲȥμӱСѩĿ͡
̲סüͷСѩսʶһڵĵӶ򲻹ȥĻһֶȥ
Сңҿүүҵı㶼һҵĶ֣Сѩһӣ߷ߵ˵
úúãҲĶ֡ͿЦһ
ߣʶ࣡СѩŲ˵


242 ɽ
һ˸ϵݽɽׯʱѾ֮ˡ
ݽɽׯȻΪɽׯһƵ콣֮ϣȻûӲɽģ˿ڵڡ
һڻͷ԰ݽɽׯݽɽׯҲȻȻĳΪ˱Ķ
ʵϰݽɽׯѾʮ죬ҪӰݽɽׯ϶ùھϼѡ
ҲҪսھ֮λҲǱߡ
ͻȻɽµŨȴҵķӿǷ·յʲôǣһҲֹ
˾ͲüͷһԱߵʿҲȺ˽
ǰݽɽׯɽ󣡡
ɽ󣿡תͷһСѩѵʶ
ôأҽ˵ѡǰСѩԵЩʧ񣬼ڻش͵ʻ
ɽ󣬴˵ǧǰݽɽׯɽʦõĽɽŵصµܹԲڵصȫޱȣõõܹסԲӤʿ
ʲôסԲӤʿͲɵȻݣСѩŪ˰ɣԲӤǰͨ󣬾ͶɽһСС󷨣
ߣҿûŪ˭ľͷһ綼ô˽⣬˽ⲻࡣСѩָֻ˳ɫҵİþѼ£Լ飬ڸŸɳĶҲ֪һ㣬ÿһɣģԴ壬̳»ɴ󡣡
͵˵ͷ󷨣¹һ˽ģ󷨷Ϊ࣬һǸԼֵʹãУǱֻҪ̣һ˾ͿԲݣ˵󷨽Ϊ򵥣ҲŵҲԣǾʹ÷㡣
һ֣츴ӣͨҪˣʮˣϰ˲ܲٿأǷȻȴһܴȱ㣬Ժ󣬾Ͳܲһ㣬һ򻯰Ȼߵǲͬնġ
ص㣬ͨǱΪɱ̳ĻɴʹãϾһֻҪȷԺûмҪɣǲܰǨģôºܲȱҲͲˡ
Ȼѵãͨյ߱ʦҪϡУһɵǧ֮ԼѴĲտ϶ҪܹѰһײΪɽ֮á
ͨ£ʵԽۺɣµĻɴҲԽ
֪󷨣
ҡҡͷû˽
ȻδڣСѩȴԼ˵˳ǰ
ɽ󣿡
ҪȻΪΪʲôݵһɵλãǧһֱԴһ㣬š
Сѩ¶һ˿֮ɫҪ֪ݽɽׯǲСʢ־˵ѾĲҩɲûУǶţëɽ֮ݽɽׯǿҲͱ˸
ѾĲҩɫһĿתСѩһۣȴɫ糣ƺֻ˵һ΢Сһ
ҲãݽɽׯʵҲǼǿһ֮бܿһΤʤ֤ݽɽׯĲҡҡͷ
Сѩ̲סһۡ
ôѵ˵ôüͷһЩȻĵ
Ĳ֪ǼٵĲ֪Сѩû˵
֪ʵش
Ҳ˵ȫֻЩطʵˣСѩ΢΢һЦ
ݽɽׯǧأȷʵʮʢǽᵤڸ֣ʮλ֮࣬Žӣһס˵һԲӤˣȻչһ񣬵䷨ͨȴԶԶʤһĽᵤڸ֡ڵڵӣǧ֮ࡣ
Сѩ٩٩̸ȻȴȻһתǰ⼸ǧʱݽɽׯɲһֱôüΣرǧǰɸǵ䵽˹ȵס
Ŷ͵汻Сѩ˺棺Ըꡣ
ʱݽɽׯؼλǰϸոƲӵΣյؾء˵ǿᵤɹʦֵܣȫͣڡƫƫʱɽڵؼϹݡǡó졭Сѩڲżá
ƥԭħزšͶ԰ݽɽׯ۲ѡټݵջ͵סɱˡ
ʵЩȻ㶥ÿһҲĸᵤڸ֡һ𡣽𵤴ɵʿʮˡʵѾǳǿᡣһս˵ûκݽɽׯֻ
Ȼȴ˵⡣ݽɽׯûоɰǨǷӭսʱ˶ЦѻʯȴǼĻȫ𡣡
ɽԵʣ̲ס졣
šСѩ˵ͷ۵һ˿Ź֮ɫȻǼҲȻǰݽɽׯ̳϶ĻɴػҲôӦ˵ǱȽӵģϾɽʱˣǽᵤڸ־ʮ߰˰ڵӣ÷ӲңҲܽԷĻ󷨻ˡ
Ȼɽһȴͻ䣬ʱؾսΣݽɽׯûж͸¶ֻ֪Ǽŵĵ˴ȻһҲûӳȫɽ֮С
ôǿ󣿡ȻԷ֮䣬΢Щţһμ߰˰ϵߣδҲ̫ˡ
Ǻǣһ˶ַӦСѩΪ衣
ǧȷҾ˵ɽӳɵѡ
ɵһȻݣ漴¶һ˿֮ɫļٵģòǰݽɽׯʿڶⴵɣ
ȷʵûа취֤ʵӦòǻۣϷɽ˾ˣ֮ӦҪڵΪܷӳɵʱݽɽׯǽᵤ⣬ȫڵߣ󷨣ܷӳҲпܵġСѩ̾˿Դһ˿Ľ˵
ҲĽҵڵĻɽȻɽ󣬵ҲǲףСѩЦ
ЦЦһεǶĿ࿴ˣû뵽㾹Ȼôණ
ߣ֪ҵ˰ɣ绹ûҲ֪أСѩĿ͡
ʱ䣬ŨӿԽӾңһ⣬Ȼѿ֮
ڳʿ޲һ׷ֵ̧ס۾
ͻȻȥҲǼ죬˽ַԺϲɵö¶˾ȵı顣
ֻŨѾʧӰ٣ȡ֮ǰƶ䣬˽ºƯΧжƮִͷ·ɾһĸо
Сѩȴץ͵֣ܸоĵСѩȻЩţĶˣ
Сѩᵤ϶һص飡
ڵĵѣϷӭ٣ˡһ׷ͯյ̤
ߣһȺϲݣȻ԰ڣСѩ
˽ԣǰݽɽׯĳϣΪСģǳһᵤʿʿΪѣǴȴ˿˽ᵤʿӣɱʿڽᵤʿǲáƫƫһǿʤСѩѵ
͵˵ͷлˡ
ߣֻǲ̫ˡСѩƲƲ˵


243 ֪
˿Թ˹֣ܵѣ겻ɰ
ЦЦҲǰᵤڵΪɷ˰
ʱɽϳһͨÿ·ڵĵѣ룡
˵˵ͷ󲽿ɽ֮С
͵˼ŽȥˣȻҲòȥɽʱǶľģϾһɱʮᵤʿĿֲ󰡣
ִݳʿ֪֮⣬ɽѾӡǵС
Ȼ֪ݽɽׯûıǣǽԼ˿ֲĴǾòڡ
һʱ䲢ֻһյĹǱ뿪󷨵ķΧ
ʱǾǰһݽɽׯ콣ǰ
ڵĵѣ룡Խһһɽ֮С
⽣ϼǰݽɽׯרдãҲǵڵĵѵϢĵط˵
⽣ϼ֮ټ䷿ݣס˺⡣
˴εҲһٶ˰ˣô෿Ӷ˵Ǵ´ˡ
λ;Ͷ٣úϢȤ콣ɽ֮ϻзУȥһ䡣Ц
лܵѵ⡣˵˵ͷ
뿪֮˵üͷһݽɽׯȻһ
ݽɽׯɽĿˣʵǿɺޣͳһ
һʱգʤıѾɣʹҲʤ˵
˵˵ͷʮ֮ǰΤʤıδɣҲӲǽһѳɵΤʤδػ
ټ߱ŽΤʤʵ˺ü
ʤͿˣ΢΢̾˿
ڽϼһ䣬бĿ
ݵһɲݵһɣɶһ֮ϣʹʹþ󶼻дʿĪĺôѹݽɽׯһЩѾأ
ȥһɣȥݽɽׯķк͵ڵʲôһСѩֱ߿͵ķš
ӲΣǽ֮£ڱ˵ĵϻǰһȽϺáε˵
ߣֲǾӣŮӣһ仰㵽㲻ȥСѩ˵
ðɣȥ΢΢̾˿
Ѿв˰ݽɽׯʱݽɽׯķѾޱȵ֣Щʿݽɽׯǲȡһʾһʣ׶ٵĲԡ
˵ƾ㴵컨׹ҶΪ
ֵɣݺύִС۴αȣȥΪӡ
ֵϣʿʵ٣żּۻ۵Եʮ֡
ݽɽׯȷʵһЩ֮򲻻ô̵ʱڣڶߡ
ʹСѩеһֵ
ҲΪһֵ۵ıΪҲвƷײ͵ķ
Ͼɽ죬װҪǲԶġ
ݽɽׯѧĶ࣬Ʒмĵãر˵ϹʱڣѾʧ֮ÿһƳķиԣĴ
ȻЩҲֵƣ㹻һʿҵˣݽɽׯߣҲһдţǱʮָ㣬֮ˣǲ⽻׻С
ԣһͬƷ׵ķʯ֮࣬ȻдѵʿԸ⵱ԩͷʱ;ͿʮʿΪһںڵĹͷࡣ
ǹͷͨûʲô֮ȻôһƷȴǧʯ
ȻںҲɵðզ࣬˽⵽˹ͷÿһιԶͷųһֽǧѹн׷ԺҲͲΪˣȷʵֵġ
˵ָԵرͶЩĶڽйһȦ֮ȴЩʧˡ
󲿷ֵ۵ءƷӶࡣƷֻһ־ʿ׷׾ۡһЩҲᡣ
ȻԼйű֡ЩٺáԼӵеرȡҪһ
СѩѾͷֵģ˶꣬ûͣʱ
͸עԵҩ꣬һֱûҪ𵤣ҪԼͻƼǲܵ飬ԾֻܽˣõѡһܹᵤĳɹʣƵĲʮֶҴϧĲϡ
ʹӵȱڶʱ֮ڻ޷ճôݡ
ȴһֱһʶƮ;ʶ޶⣬һһʶĸо
˭ڰݽɽׯʶˣ̲סüͷ
ͻȻ뵽һˣͷһ
㣡͵˵
Сѩһ㶣˵ʲô
겻ѾˣĽһӰһ
죬û뵽Ҳ˳¶һ˿Цݡ
˭˵أԼû뵽ӳЦЦ
ǡСѩɻĿ졣
ЦЦ죬ǰһѡ
ãҽСѩʦ㡣СѩһЦ
ǰݽɽׯĵӣۼ⣬ؿڵһɫС
ӣ㾹ȻӣڰݽɽׯĵλͰСѩĿ졣
ڰݽɽׯ֮УһΪ࣬ҽӣӣ𽣵ӡ
ҽ࣬򣬵λ͵ڵڵӵλࡣ
ڰңλ͵ڵ൱
ڽ𽣵ֻˣȵʮӻҪǿһ
̶̼꣬첻˰ݽɽׯΪӣɼĲ
Ѳɡһ
˵ͷȻôܱΪأ
Ȼǰݽɽׯϲ֪𣬱ȻúϾһʿɲװ״ǺڶҲΪҲ֮С
ʲô˳
֪ƺҲ˳ûпǶС˽΢΢̾˿
Ŷô£ʲô£ʵ
ʦ֮󣬷ǵûзԽսԽͣһ֪õļűˣıŽһʱݺᣬûʱʹǽᵤʿҲ佣ˣȻҲ޷ӳ
һֻ֪һűǾɽʲôʱļűģ
˵ϸһ㡣
ҲǺʱıŽһ󷨣˽ᵤʿ֮󣬾뿪ˡʱ˵Ľᵤʿһ䣺ɽ󣡡ҡҡͷ
ɽ󣡡Сѩ̲ס˳
ô֪һ㶡
СѩΪͶȻһͿڶ֮ҪͨĶ࣡


244 
һȻɽ󶼲֪Сѩ͵֪ʵ޿ˡ
Ͳ˼ЦЦʦ󡣡
ǰΪʦ㣬СѩҲӡ
ðɣ̬ȻķҾ͸㡣ɽϹŽֻ輯ıŽټɽͼԷıŽһʩչʹԪӤڵʿֱӧ棬Τʤʦֵı֮ϡСѩ̾һ
ͺȻԭΪԼõģû뵽صľȻ֮ǽıŽеһ˳
ɽ¾ɽɽɽĽųҲնɱϹʱҲһɱ󣬼ʹΤʤʦֵıҲҪѷһСѩ˵
ǿ;ȲѣҲǵʱΨһһܹģĴӽᵤʿѵʿ˰ɣʹʯɽϼ޻֮ҲֻʹôŲܿᵤʿ
Ҳ֪ǷҲμڻ䣿̲ס뵽
ͽڽͿˡһλ׷ԲԵ߿һüĿ˵
ʦģһ߾ȫ˵ͷ
׷ԲԵߵ˵ͷҲ첻ڣȻ˴˵˲ţͨʵѡ
ڴǧٶ꣬һѾǵʮˣŵ㣬ھȻֻһˣ֮Ѿʵ
𽣵ֻ֪ݽɽׯ֪ڣ𽣵֮˿ڰݽɽׯ
ɽ˥ǿʢҲѾձɽҪֻԻ;ͱڻȡһΣʱǰʦ˱ضﲻƾĶһڱ
һеϣǰλ꣬赹ɽ֮е꣬Ҳϣ
Ȼ겻֮ˣⶼ޹ؽҪڵĸ֮ǰκ鶼Ըһߡ
ͣϣ㻹ţ˵Ŀ⿴ޱ޼ʵɽ֮С
˲ɽȻҵķƺںһ㣡
ĽһʱɽȻ⽣ѹƣ
ηȻҰݽɽׯҰ֮дȡ
ɽݽɽׯĸҲǵڣ쾹Ȼ˵ѹɽϺݺݵһƣ
ڵʮŽЯǰμڻ䡣ߵ˵
ڣݺйɣ֮д˼Ц֮
üͷѺαΪѣ
뿪Ȼݹ飡ʿ
ҵҪݵɽ󵽵к֮һ
еɹŽһâնҰɫĽâֲĽʿΪ֮һ
ǻһУնһеĽ⣬˿ֲĽ⼴ʹǽᵤʿǵսľ
ʿתɽӿնĽâ˲ͱЩɣ
ЩʿɵĵһɽϾȻ˺һӣȻǽǷ˴һɵʵҲɱκʿԻᱻһССĽâ˺ѣ
ɽ󣬲ˣмЦһ
󵨿ͽһɫķɽгһն˽
ᵤʿ¶һ˿أҲذˣû˿Ŀ־֮ɫ
еɽնһâޱĽâϵĺɫķɽ֮ϣ
Ӱֹ⣡
ɲǼ䣬նĽâһֶģ˲ͱĽâɫķɽ콣âĺ֮£ҡҡ׹ͬڿеһҶۣ
ݺ˿ֲʿλᵤʿһæٻԼķɽ
ѣСͽ³çҵȶȷʵ޶⣬ҵֻҪμڻˣڻֻҪԸ߽ԿɲμӣΪνų⣿˵
ڣᵤʿ̲סüͷ
Ȼû˵֮ԷͷСһλӶ˿ֲʵ۰ݽɽׯܹʤ˵Ҳн𽣵Ӷѡ
Ѳĸɣᵤʿ̲ס뵽
һЩǵӳȺɴ֮ޣҲһЩɼעشУһУһһֻһӣȻджϾ֮Σգܱе˱ȻʿеٮٮߣһɳɾͲ
룡˼󣬽ᵤʿǽն˰ݽɽׯ֮С
ڰݽɽׯ֮Ӻʮλᵤϣλ̫ϳϣҲ£
еɽ˱ϣȫϹŽ޵װ
ᵤʿһıʵ̫ϹŽˣ
ѲϹŽɳˣ
ͽĽâ־ˣ֪ܽΣʵ
ʦܽͽѾ˵أѾܴ߶Űʮܽ󡣡˵
յ˵ͷ̶̼ʱ䣬ȻܹܽأʹȻǷͬ졣
ܽڵɾѧڿľ֣֮ܳңʹǽɰݽɽׯҲ޷֮
ܽһɴ߶ɽΪԼսɵܽ߶ķԽ࣬ܽҲԽǿھأɣʱĪ⡣
ıŽΪģټǧĻΪþŰٶƷɵܽԺɨһУ
˵ͷܽȷǲǺɽȻԲһ㣬ǰûʩչɽ󣬼ʹĽҲĳ̫Ľ
ļ죬۵ݽɽׯԽԽ࣬μڻٸǧˣʢĳҲǵһμ
п˼Уֻ⼸ͷ϶Ẓ̌ģÿһ϶Ƿһׯµӡ
ǷޣݲûʲôǿķɡСѩ˵
ޣһ㶡
ֲ֪ɣ޺߲࣬书ۻ벩󣬶ħʿ˵кܴĿã㲻ҪǵƭˣЩͺ¿ҷȱɱħʿݣƫƫһ˵ӡ
óСѩԷ޵ӡǲá
ҲָļУû뵽ħ֮⣬һޡ
ǿɾĦ£˵ĦµĴʦĦµõˡСѩ˵
۾һͻˣϼˣٲСıײƣûзʲô顣
û뵽ڰݽɽׯҲǡ
Ǵţר壬򰾵ͭƤǣеһƴСѩ˵
лʦָˡЦЦ
չʦҲʦӦСѩֺǺǵ͵ļ


245 ǿƼ
֮ݸѾ߰˰ˣڰݽɽׯۼʿѾˣ
׳۰ͿɽӰ̾һ
еɶеôõĴһɾռһɽ壬ҲֻͬΪŲŻĴҲɽ֮ϣǱһɽ֮С
ӵһҳҲͿ֪ˡ
ߴĸ֮֮Ħ϶ٲˣݱɻŹ
ݽɽׯȴԴһֻ۱һֻֻۣҪֵ̫Ҳȥܡ
ЩŵĵյϢһڻĲμﵽǧˣ԰ݽɽׯ׼콣һٸֵ̨ܼ߱ϸ񣬽ڶ֡
ͼʱһһ죬ʿս⻻˭Ҳܲ˰
ڰݽɽׯҲǵ˹涨սʮ߱Խһ֣ܵԽ࣬ʼҲԽߡ
ɼʿս˭֪һڻĽ쳣ʹ֣õһϺõҲܵõٵĽ
ͿɽȺ΢΢̾˿ڻ俪ʼӣϣԼҲȡһõΰɡ
ա
ݽɽׯŽһɫĵվ콣ϣ콣㳡ǧЦЦڻ俪ʼӣݸڴ˽д裬ǰݽɽׯΪʤ׼˷ĽƷϣܹ߾ȫ
ȵӽĹų֮˾Ļ
Ϻ꣬Ŀ׻˵Цһ
δǷУαغǿأҡҡͷ
һٸ̨ÿһ̨нᵤʿأ̨Χǲ˴󷨣һʹǽᵤʿҲ׹ƣֹ̨϶Ӱ̨¡
ܿһϢ㴫Τʤռ˰˺̨һЩͼսʿһ䣬ûһ֮У
ţһЩʵǿĵӷ׷ռ̨ǰսʿͳͳܣԾԵƻܣ
ľǣһھݽɽׯ𽣵һ̨һվ̨˲ͱ򣬾Ȼûһ˸ȥս
һ֣ڵľӢӶĬ֮սⱻ˼˱ˡ
̶һĹ򣬴һ̨ʮ̨Ѿûʿս
ͣΪһʮ̨ѡѾȷʱ򣬾ź̨֮ͻȻ˶
ƭ˵İɣ˸սݽɽׯĽ𽣵ӣ
һռϷ磡
̨ϹսĽеɱһȻ˸ڰݽɽׯս𽣵ӣȫǲݽɽׯ
ܽ󣡡һ
˲䣬ķıŽĴ£ڿһĽâк£
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󷨵Ľᵤʿɫһ䣬æס󷨣
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ãˣȻһûˣһ̾˿
ԽᵤʿȻܿ飬⻹һϹɱˣȫݽɽׯ
ŭݣ泩ޱȣܹϼһԱҲһ¡
ѺαضŭҿϹҲԩ˾ͨһʩչѷ֣ܹ֮ƥеĿҲֻˣϼϾЦ
Ͼ϶ҲȡЦҲɣһ
ңңֻʵʵ˵ˡϾЦ
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ѪХ죡ʶʿ̲ס˳
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һȺ̨ϵʬ̨֮Х첻мĺһ
ѪХ죬ŨѪζѹСѩҪСġ̲סüͷ
ɱʿͬŷ߷ߵĿХ죬ȴҳ֣ХʵĿãʹһҲδĶ֣ټħŵʵֻܴݻѪ̡
϶ӹݣϲǧЦ
СĺԶҪλЯħħЦ
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246 ʤ
ͿŵѪСѩɵüͷһ¶Сѩ
Сѩɫ𽥺Ͳһǡ⣬ǡϳСѩĺ籣ǲ룡
㡭㡭㾹ȻҵĵͺɵħŵӲŵĿ͡
һƣ;ͷĵͲһ˿һϣӴ˱Եˣ
Сѩôˣô˳ӣɫһ䡣
ڵڣСѩǴûгԹֿ࣬Ī˵Ѫˣʹһ˶ûܹڶɱһţ
ѾûдˣѾ¶Ϣһˡ˵
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˵ˣڰ˰ɡСѩԴ
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Ʋħŵĵһ۱㲻ᣬȻѾ̨ôû׼ȥˡ
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ոһлħŵǿɶǿħŵӵʵѾףܹȻΪ϶δĶ֡
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Ψһ;ȵľǣⲨξȻǺİһ˴ؾˣӲ
ãǾͿʼɣٲϻղֹͣĹٴξӿˣڵĵطӿ
ֻ̨ô˵Ĺȴͱң̨֮ĵطĹΧ֮ڡ
ȻȴŲæҪû˲䣬ŲһһƽĲ̤һͳ˵ĹȦӡʼգûбһ¡½ǶûоƬǡ
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ּǼȭȴȭȭյĸоƵѪ
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һ䣬͵ӰȻԭһΣȻ䣬̨˾ĿУӰȻһΪԭУֳһɫӰȻҲ͵ģ˻ȡӰָԷֻٴһӰͣʱ̨ϣѾĸ͡
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ǣȴȻɵһУ˺Ѳʮȫ˺飬赲ֺһֻƣ˺ʮشˡʲôʵ
۾󣬲ŵĵͷϵƣͷ֮ϡƽһ̣ʶԼ֮ľ޴
ˣεĵͷ
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Ϊ־˲٣ǲ֪ôġЦһ
֪֮ǰںֵʱû
һҪˡ׺ɵĿųе͡
ҲˣЦ
Ȼһֶˣǵڵ飿Сѩôˣ
ãҺʱϵȻ̫ϳϽҡҡͷ
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̨֮սͣͶƾųɫЩ˴̨߳սûȫǿ׻ںЩʿ
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׺ɺ𿴵ʿɫ䣺ѪХ죡ô
ҵܵܵĵХĿ͡
ΣЦһ
ôɣХ̨
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̨Ľᵤʿ̲סüͷڻҲûȷ涨ڶֵʿͲսҲֹ


247 
Ͱ׺ɲǵĿ̨ϵͣХѪ֮Ȼ˵̨ͬԵ˼ǴħڱΪΪʹҲеӸҺа塣
ɷǣҲֻܸ̾ˣ͵ʵ㲻еҲܱס
ͿվڶХ̲סüͷû뵽Լϵһ˾ȻХʦܣ˶ǵɷǡ
Х˵ʵڱ֮ҲŽǰʮĴڣײûмĶ֣ʹ׺֮ϴʤҲ֮䡣
Ѿǵڳ͵ˣͽ뵤ڲãԣû֪
ХҲֻǰ͵һбµڵӰˣʿ֪Լɱˡ
Ҫʹһأһ㣿Х¶˹Цݡ
Ŷʲôͬ𣿡͵ĿХ졣
ХЦһֲģ
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ڰУȻͬʱƼתǴһŰ󣬺ѹѹģתһȻµ¡
͵ȻһЦη壬ͷ죬ֻХһٽ֮Ѹٵĺͷ·֮ⶼһȥסХĴħƵơ춯أѹϣ˵Ѫ֮һСɽѹɱۡ
ǣ˵ҪӲƴôһһδױպϵĺڰһǣһ߹֮У˳ȥ
׻ݣ;ץסһ˲˳ȥХһƵʱա
ţХ۾һ̨µҲһ
͸ǵľϲԽԽˣ̲ס̾һ
Ȼ֮ǰһֱһԵУԵĵ˺Хȼֱ֮Хһɣһʵ̫ˡ
ΪùôҲҪĳɻҡ
һĻֻһ㵵Х죬漴һЦͺһֻеֻŰľƣȻٴα仯һĲӰɷԲĵطȻ£
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ƶƣ
ХһԼĴħģʹռƷҲԵֵοҲֵ

ķչȫХϣֻɫһɫĵ绡Ĵħƣͬڰ֮еһƬ⣡
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ףʮĺ̨ƺһսϾЦ
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𣬰Ѵ˽øңݽɽׯҩѡ˵
һ㶣û뵽Ӷ׹⽣֮ߣ׳ĳҲĶޱȣݽɽׯпмѾҩȡǶܾû뵽һ׹⽣ýŻ󿪣
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˰ƼˣȻóˡЦ
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248 Ԫ
ϵ֮еĹ׺һ㶡
ϵõõһϵǶ֪û뵽ϵ֮мصĹȻڳ֮µħ浶ܽס
ħŵħ浶Ҳպգħ浶еĻʿɣĪ˵ʩչħ浶ͻöԷڵ궯ѣһʵܷ߲Ѿǲˡ
ƾһħ浶ħŲݺ޼ɣΪħ֮ףʹǰݽɽׯҲС
ĸʿûڣħŵħ浶ʿѹƣħڻΪǣκβãݽɽׯһľħţ
Ի𹥻Ҿ֪ʲôԷ٣ХЦһ
ݾħƵĳ֮ڹعǰ󵶣
ˣͷԪͻȻҵĲħ浶Ĺ֮¾Ȼ߽⣡
Сģħ浶֮ܣǧܱаѵ
ͷһû뵽ħ浶ȻдܣڿǷһɣ˲ʬ޴棡
ֻͻȻֻ磬һڣһ죬ֻֻ˲ںһ΢΢ĺɫ缱ͣɫĻУڳ֮˼ʹǽᵤʿûз
Ԫݣ͵ƳһɫĻݣںͺҵԪѾƷʹħ浶ǿһʱҲƲԪܣ
Хħ浶òͣһģһɫСУ
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һҲһǿĹűһб޾Ļ棬ϳű޷Ŵ󣬼ʹǽᵤʿҲС
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䣡
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Ԫֻһâػ棬͵Ļ˻Եͷ­
԰һΪһһ֮УâƲֱָХ졣
˭֪ХЦһһֱ̨⽣ą֮̂ϣ
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Ͳ˲ͷĺˮΪʩչԪ̫ǿȫ֧֣ټתĻֻнᵤʿʹõĽ
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䣡ڽᵤʿһɲǣ̨֮һɻ̨˲仯Ϊ˻ҽ
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ɻԴȻ͵ڣɫĻݽɽׯֲܼĻ棬ȵ¶ȣ̨Χʿ׷˱ܣʹǽᵤʿҲ׿
ܣХƺǷʲôֲһ㣡
֣ⲻܣԲܣХĺ
Х죬ǰʮ̨ʿ̲סһг˲˼飬һЩ˵̰
ҵ𣬱ҵĻ𣡡˿ɫ档
һôܾôĻ棿ϾҲǴʧɫ
һֶΪο֣ȻһУδš


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ߣΪħڵħ浶˲һ𣿡ХЦһ
ĽâȻɢҵħ浶ħ浶ϵĻҲڣɣΨһû뵽ľھȻ𣬲ڶѾνˣѾһХЦһ
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˿ʿ³֮޲һҶδյڻͱȻ޷ˣʧȥ͵ѹ֮ķҲֻʱϵˡ
ʦ֣ʦ֣о𣿡Сѩʵ
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͵ģһӰһΪ壬ֻԭӰΪģֳĵӰΧĻվ˲ֳķݣӿĵӰ֮С
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Хае
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û뵽ǣЩδ;ͱĻͬ
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ȻͲ֮ܽУȴԴ飬ЩߵߣȻὫ𻵴ݣǺԼȣЩݾԵ޹ؽҪˡ
򿪵һ˲䣬͵ĸһ޵׶һ㣬Ļ˲䱻У˿תҲڳʿһȻô̵ʱھͽķɸѹʵֲ̫ˡ
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΢΢̾˿֪Ӵ֮ڽƽˣ𣬼ʹһɶδôǺƽ顣
ܿᴫݣʱڽپ޴ѹ
ԵڵʵҲ˭ˮڣµӶˣԺڻʲô㡣
ʦڻ֮ɽ˵
ҡҡͷ㲻ˣҵڱסһӵʵеġ
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ˣҪ֪һ뿪ݽɽׯݶ׷㣬ԵĲڵʿᵤʿҪץ㣡̾˿
ͽһжˣ͵˵ͷ
˵˵ͷʦͽһҶᾡȫ
лʦ
뿪֮󣬳˳ʦ֣ĺ𣿽Ҳ罫£ΪС
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εҡҡͷСѩѾͷ϶ʦˣµʱʦ嶼֡
СѩѾͷʦ̫ˡҡҡͷ
͵Ĺϵʮĺ̨ҷ̨֮վҲõ˽ڶֵĻᡣ
ǧֻٰ֮ʮ˽˵ڶ֣ƽÿ̨Ҳ˳ְˡ


250 շħȦ
ٰʮ˽ڶ֣ҲζŻһڵڶֿա
ͿеĺƲɵĿЦһ24ţһ֡
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֮ǰ𱬷飬ͼѾ˰ݽɽׯˣ˶ڵ
ڵڵʵҲֻҪͻڰݽɽׯһ죬ֻҪڻͣƽ¡
ţ¸ա
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¸һ˿ɫ;һֲĴڣʹռǰʮ̨ĹҲԶһֵܹ޼
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룡¸մһֻƤ˽ɫ
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Ҳǿһ񹦣һ֮УʹҲضˡ
ÿκ忪սŶǳǰҲΨһһҺӲӲɡ
ҲҴ⣬¸ܹڶ־Ѿ˵һУĶҲֻȫԸ
ֻһ¸˲ʧȥ͵Ӱ
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еһ޴˺¸յıϣȻ˽ƺ
¸͵ת壬һץסޣ;һȭ
µӲˣҲľˣǱһȭˣͲҲҪˡ
ֻͻȻðĹɻ磬һεĻӭ˺¸յȭͷ
飡
Ԫܡ¸üͷһ塣
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շħȦ¸һ´һԲӦ
Ʒһ۱㿪շħȦƷ
ƷȻűǶʿ˵ҲǿıˣʹǴ֮еľӢҲ˶мƷģ˵ǹűˡ
ʹʵǿ󣬵ҲûиԣΪÿһڵ䱸ƷĵزʹǵҲû
¸ڴеʵȻǲǶһһƷס
շħȦÿתһȦ͵ѹͳһ֡
շħȦ֮ȻշħȦӰ췶Χڣʿ嶼ޱȵĳء
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޺ͽշħȦ˲佻֯һֱֻһ飬շħȦϵֹŲƴеķѹˡ
ÿһνֶѪڣƫƫͻܲӣշħȦϵ͵ٶȣ̨Ҳô㶼ûеط㡣
޳ܣȻӲҪ˺ƴߵСѩľ졣
ҲСѾͷֻܽԼߡ
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ƷޣԣȻޣ̨µʿ̲ס
ȻϡȴһͷҪƷĵʯ±һʿڻҪ࣬һЩҷʿ˻ỿޡ
ƷޣСӵЦ
ߣûҵСءСѩ˵
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Կ͵һڻ棬ֻշħȦƴ¸մ󾪣æס˽շħȦ
ͻȻһΣյĸоͷһͨɫ˸׹ĳѾǰ
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ħźʽܣȻ֮ң
ǣȻеķˣ
ڵǺηʥΪʲôǰû˵

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˵Ŀ˲佻һ
Ҹطİɣ˱
ţ͵˵ͷ
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û뵽Ҳ˳˿ֲĽϹŽ޹Ȼ鴫Ц
Ҳ֮ǰ˵ǸһΪֻǺͬͬհˣû뵽㣬ԺûӹˡЦ
ôѵ㲻Ķ𣿡Ц
ֻнãһۡ㽫׹⽣ҵĻҵǿЦɡ
˰ɣѾĽˣҵ׹⽣㻹ۣܿЦ
ɫһ䣺׼δ㣬ҵ𣬱𻹺˵ҵĻǰʮ𣬶Щᵤʿ˵о޴ջݽɽׯ֮Ҫɱ˿ɲ١
ˮ¡ҾͲŻ˸ڰݽɽׯ֣ڻǰȫġЦЦ˵
˵ͷһбء
ģҵ󣬻˵ġ
ʤߣ𣡡
ʤߣڰ׺ɣ
ʤߣڷ
ʤߣΤʤ

ڶ֮УҲֻʮ˹أڶֵı֮ҿɼһ㡣


251 
ڻֵĿ˵ϣΪİݽɽׯȻֶΪս
ݽɽׯһΪݽȣд޳û
ݽȺ͵ڵı˪Ͽһǰݽɽׯӵ֮أ޴Ϊޣ޳û
ݽɽׯڰݽ¶ʮ˴սҪʵҪٶȡ
ڰݽɽׯĵ˵ȻʮϾû˱ǸϤݽȣҵرļҲҪʿĶࡣ
ݽɽׯ֮ͨҲʮóݽɽׯıǹھݣʿķ
ң˴ڰݽ֮еıǼƷЩʿĶǰݽɽׯЩȫ޳͸Ѱ֮ˡ
һЩ޷ֵʿʱض㣬̾Լ˴˵Ⱥûᡣ
ݽɽׯ޳ܣСѩ̲ס
ЦЦȷǺ޳ܣ󲿷ַݽɽׯǸûʲôʧ
ϣ˲䣬һʮһ˳˰ݽ֮С
һβؽֻжʮҲζֻжʮܹ֣ʱ˵ޱȵ
Ҳҵһݽ֮бʩչ׻ʧӰ٣ϢֻҪϢǽᵤʿҲҵ
ݽȻûб˪Ͽô㣬ҲС˴İݽ֮ѰҶʮǴ룬һʱɵġ
ݽ֮޺У޳ûһСĽ޵أ֪ôġ
֪Ӧһݰݽȵĵͼˣаһ
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˵ݽޱȵİĪ˵ȥѰұһ⡣
СһɻˣͽѰ֮˳
֨֨֨Ѱڵᣬ϶һ֮ͷһ͡
һһ·ݵϢӦúҡ˵
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ֻһۣ;ͱɫ˻ʱǣʳ䣿
Ϣһľ綾ޣٽᵤǿ߶֮ɫ䣬Ϊ֮ͷʹû뵽ž֮УȻҲִĶڡ
ԼΪ˽һֲԣ߶Ԫܣ˿ֻѾɥֶ붾֮¡
ʳ䡱ıǿǿǿû첻ʱ̣ӰӣҹһУɥûн֮һܵҲòһ
\ʳȻֲķȴÿʿı\ʳķ۾׳֮Ч
\ʳҲζ\ʳĳѨһ뵽һ\ʳķۿǺöڵڵĲؾ֮Ҳһƿ\ʳķ۾ȻҪǧ֣һƷ
ʶ˲ſϸѰ\ʳ䳲Ѩڡ
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ѰֱǸѨȥ
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ͼæϢһԡ
ģҶ԰ݽȺϤܹؽĵطֻкˡһλʿЦ
ӦþָѨ˰ɡ뵽
ܿݽɽׯĵӳ͵֮Уǰݽɽׯӣ˴νֵʿݽɽׯ࣬ʮˣαħʮˣϼʮһˣʮˣѪɱںǧڰˣɾռһ
Ϊ׵ĽξٽڰݽɽׯҲСʵǿ󣬽λ𽣵ӡ
ξٽߵʿɳͬӣǺξٽȻһξ롣
ʦ֣ǿȥɣñˣɳæߴٵ
𼱣֮һںȪȪȽ棬ʹʿҲԽСξٽҡҡͷ
Ӧô죿Ѳɲȥɳ󼱡
⺮ÿʱһʱļЪڣʱһ糣ǳʱ룬Ѱ֮˳ξٽ˵
һԵͲɵĵ˵ͷԭ⺮ôིǸոԼóȻȥĻҪԿҲֻܵȵʱˡ
䣡Ȼ䣬еĺѸȥȡ֮һȵϢոջǱĶѨ˲ͱһ¯˹ĵطҲǴ۽硣
⻹Ƕڱ˿ֲǽǺ龰ѹξٽҲֻܵȵʱŸҽ롣
ⶴѨҲȷһؽĺõطҲֻнᵤʿ⺮вؽˡ
ֲȻǰݽɽׯǲؽȴɹͬؽԼʹǰݽɽׯҲ֪еıλãгҲֻƲһ¿ܲؽλáʹݽɽׯѾռ˴ˡ
ʱ󣬶ڵˣξٽһ˿ϲɫڣȥ
˼æ˺֮У˿֪󻹸һ͡
ĶѨһ뺮̾
Ѩı֮һı㣬ȻһȴȵģȥȻһ֣ĳҲǵһμ
ЩԥǰߣһоԲ͸ĵգһ۶Уȫǻʯеҡ
һأϵ۽ӿȻ˸оǣҶײŵĿ棬ȻһƬһ
ͬһطȴ֮缫أǱȴǱıεļıҵʤա
Ȼ⴦۶ȥ
Ѩ۶ԽԽͨԽԽ࣬ͬ֩ܲǰ˴·ͺпܾʧ⺮֮С
ʦ֣⡭ǡϱɳŵĿͨͷ˯ޡ
ޣް⺮֮оȻ޵Ĵڣ
ˣ⺮֮оԲбʦǲܽһ޳ûĵطξٽ󾪣
ʵȻȴܹӲޣֻˣ
𣡡˯֮еϱͻȻ۾ɺ˫Ķˣ
ǿսξٽϱæβϵıʱ̲ס˳
ʮ֮еǿսȻϱϣһξٽѾؽ֮˸Ѫͷ
ϱ϶Ǳ˴ģȻ⺮вܳޣξٽ
쳷ξٽ
ҵ⺮ͨ˴ʹϱҪ׷Ҳףϱϵǿս붼롣


252 ϱ
һͷȽᵤʿϰǿսҲôҵİɣ
ͷϱȻڱŭ֮УҲڶûЩʿԼ֮еġ
ˣˣξٽɳһ˳һ֮ͨС
һۣ·Ӵܣ
һֱڰеͲɵüͷǿսǶʮеһҲ֪ĸȱµ˾Ȼ̽ϱ֮УҺ޶ԿĿҲֻЩռǰʮ̨Ĺ˰ɡ
ǷǰϱϵǿսĻе㲻ģϾݽôѰҶʮǴ룬ܹڵһһѾˡ
ϱҲǺǵģްᵤʿĴڰһ׶ûС
漴;ϲķ֣ϱĸȻһɼǵ˺ۣϱȻˣ
ոݽɽׯĵӿϱ˲ʧ˻ˣﻹע⵽ϱ˿ڡ
Ϳ˫ͨϱȻ˵Ĳᣬ˾޴˿ڣϱܻҲѵˡ
ƺǿս̽ϱ˴ľҪòμնɱһ㣬Ȼμӵֵһٶλʿûܹնɱͷޡ
һͷֻܱâһͷ˵޵ĻҲûлᣬҲܴϱϰǿս
֮󣬱㲻ԥ֪ĻҲ˴αѾʧˣ
ٻͭ׿֮ͭ׿ĿⲻϷϱ
ͭ׿ûκεϢϱûзͭ׿ܵĿ
ڣ֣ʹһ
һɫӰһԾеĳǹ͵
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ϱޣʹ˻ޣȻСһβͻĻµҪҳ⽴ˡ
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飡佣ڿϱһɲ˲䱬ѿ
𣡡ϱŭһˣϱϵƬȻһһը˿ڸǱըһΣīɫѪҺһأ
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ʹ˾٣Ҳ׵ļŭϱֻ췢һ͵͵ıণ۾Ѹٱͨ죬ͬʱһţٴμУ飬ֻʮ
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ϱڲٵ͹֣꣬ŭһǵУ
ЩУɫԴ죬Դ˲СӡһܵĿҲռһȣ类и
ɫķУûκٶȱ֮֮ǰ˲ֹһֻǸոշ͵ǰٶ֮죬õһֱٶΪͣɵһ
ÿ죬ķУȻûзиܿһҲ
һͬʱָֻ̧߶ԪܣԼǰ
һΣû뵽ǣЩɫķУ֮֮ǰǵɫУȴǿ࣬һ⼤ȥʮУ͵Ԫ֮ϣһҲȥĿһҲһ
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Ҳ͸˷ܣ壬ٴγŶͷޣϱȥ
е׹⽣ϴ̳佣ûκεͣ٣佣ֱӳϱ
ϱԼ³ĵоȻҲûжԶɸˣֻһƣʱٴηһ͡ডšডķУз͡
ЩУ֮ղϱµĵƺҪǿһӣɫʺ죬ԴϣֻһܵĿռ侹ȻһȣΧչƺһ£ƺʮ˹ȥ
۾һţʱ
ͬʱϱݣȻڷʮ޺֮һһ⣬ӭͶ
Ȼӷеʼ˱幥Ȼ͸ղŵһ£Ѿ׵ףȫŭɱǰ꣬Ȼưոݡ
Σ֪ӲƴͿ˸ղЩоڲӾ˵޺УϱԼ幥һͷ޵ȫǼ򵥵ô
ͿɲҶģʹԪҲδܹס⼸ķϵķС
ֻϹһӰЩ֮вϴЩķϵķоȻ½Ƕ
׻ݣһĶݷһչ
ϱŭһʱڿմȫҪ˺Ƭϱٴδһ
һ̣͵ΣѾϱһ̧׹⽣ı켣ٴγϱȥ
ϱԵĸоΣգһͬʱ͵һһ̣ѾԶʮɿ⣬ܿ͵һ
Ѿ׼ˡ
쳤٣͵Ľӿһ˲Ͳռ䣬İ٣Ҷ֮ܵĵ̣һִĿĵĸо
ͻȻֵĳϱԵú׼ⰵɫĳ˲佫ϱϱѪҺǴ̼ٵԣϱѪҺ֮ĸˣϵĵ˳ϱ˿ڴϱ֮УĿ֮С
ϱҪٵĲƵĻ˽
¶һ˿֮ɫͷϱ޷ѣ


253 ˫Ȫ
ھսĺʮĵطϼڵڵɵСɱһͷëѩԳҲɵͬʱɫһ䡣
һµӼ״Ŀһ˭ÿֲĹҲΤʤһڻ䣬ʲôʱֳһˣ
һµĿһϽͷëߣҲȥ֣
µԣӽеĹƣɽһëѩԳأһЦд⡣
µӼһεɫһëѩԳĺ󱳣Ѫ
ͷƷ޵İëѩԳֲ֧ס顱Ȼˤڵأ˷ǰͷëѩԳֵǮĶȡߣ漴˫˫չΣսĺ
ǣ֮ڣ˶ӣһ뱻תͷսһ¶ɣݵɫ
мˣڹޣܲˣֱǣ֪ǿ֣ʲôĿġ
С
ͲָʮٹϱסϱǶãϵĵѾĴϱѪ֮УϱѪҺĳԵøޣ
æںϱüͷһ壬ʶΧھȻʿЩʿڲϵĿ²һյĹűϵ
ǱЩʿɱͷϱ޵ʬ廹ϱϵǿսЩʿһеĽնɱ
ʱϱѾѪģϵƬȫըѣ
ҧҧڱ뾡콫ϱɱȻ롣
ٲһͷϱֶΰˣپɱϱȻǲʵġ
Ԫ
ֻ͵ӰһΪ壬˲վ͵ıǵͷۡ
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ھʩչĽԪԽᵤڵΪʩչҲֻܽǿʩչ⽣
ȻֻܷĳҵʵҲԻɱһͷ˵ϱˡ
ͣϱͷһϹһǼӲۼ׾Ȼû˿á
ϱҲţԼȻһԶԼҪСϡ
ϱ۾͹ŵĿͣۿѣңϢڷٵʧ
һУջ׹⽣׹⽣ԪԻɱһͷ˴Σޡ
ϱϵǿսս֮ͱ㽫ϱʬ֮УһͷʵƷ޵ʬ壬ʹǽᵤʿҲ֮
ಣͻɱϱ֮ʱݹѾڡ
Ǵ洫ģԲʿ˵
ȥµֳɫ߽˺֮С
˽˺üͷ⺮ҪҵҲô׵顣
䣡ͻȻ䣬е¶͵½һޱȿֲĺӾͰɵطѸ
һʱѾȥˣͰһ
ĵ˲佫ذΧ
ޱȾǣɵķȻ˲㱻ᣡ
ÿֲĺڱ֮а̾һ
⺮֮еĺʵֲ̫һ£ڸոյһ˲ͱһˡ
͵Ĵ߶֮𽥻ָҲһڡ
ɵķס͵壬Щֲĺһᱻڻʣµĺᱻա
һҲ⣬Ȼܹ⺮֮еĺһ;ϲѡ
ȥϵȫ߶ֻһɭ׵Ļ潫ͰΧУЩĺͳͳɡ
Ȼ͸ϵɭޱȣȴԳܣЩڱ֮¾ȻΪģĺ˱֮Уʱ;ͬеһ㣡
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⺮ǱĺЩͬһ㣬⺮˹죬ʹ˳֪ǷӦü롣
ԥȴû˿ԥ⺮֮еĺ͵ıǴ󲹣ÿǰһһ㡣
˺֮еĺ֮Ȼһ˿仯ɭ׵Ļ֮оȻһöˣöǱĸԴеĺö룬Ȼɢ֮С
öһСǧ֮УҲƵĶһöСµСȻܹЩôһöСǷҲأ
޳ͽٻ
ˣ޳ֵһ˲䣬㱻ֲĺһ
Ǻȴ֪ıˣ޸ûܵκε˺
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ˣޱıͻȻѣ޴һţһöɫС˿УֻһöɫСڿвϵתеĺһΪһ붼Сߡ
ʹϲȻûв´СȻҲ⺮֮еĺСܹʲôıĻǾٺòˡ
Сļ룬ǰٶȿǿǵδ֪ĵˣһЩЩ֮ͨڣûûСͨʿҪ⺮ɲô򵥵顣
ɵľķһʱͨľͷڹȪһڼһڼȣʱֻǺȪ緢źվںȪԱߣʹбСͣҲ̲סɫ࣬⺮ȪȻǲͬ죡
ɫӵĿڹȪһۣȻ⺮ȪȪǼϡĶ
֮䣬ÿ죬Ұ⣬Ե֮ܵʿΪǴкô
κ⺮ڰݽ֮УƾĶҲܵݽɽׯҰ
ܽ⺮˫Ȫ߾ͺˣ
԰Ϊʲôܴأ͵һԴ
ӵʲôܴߣ
е׹⽣źȪΧȥ͵ֱһ顣
⺮ȪΧȻ˼Ӳ׹⽣ܴС
⺮ȪΧȪĳˢͱüӲޱȣʹűҲԴ룬нᵤڵΪ׹⽣⵹Ҳǲܵ顣
ĽҲǿЦã뱦ɽȴã컯Ūˡ
Ѿõǿսһͷ޵ʬ壬Ҳǲˡ


254 еȴ
ͲĿ⺮˫Ȫһۣд⣬պлĻضҪ⺮˫ȪС
ȻһжҪᵤ֮лᣬҲֻнᵤʿпܽ⺮˫ȪƳ
֮ͱ㲻ԥ׹һ˲ʧͨľͷ
ʧȥ˱С֮󣬺֮бѹѾõĺ˲䱬ѿ¶ȶʱ½˼㡣
ͻĺµӺµɫ䣬⺮Ѹͣû˿׼û𣬽һ棬ϼڵӱ㱻ֲĺ˱
ֻڱ渲һǳ׵׵ı˱ȫޡ
ÿֲĺһЩոոϵʿź֮ǿֲĺɫ䡣
ȻڰݽΧǼʹǰݽɽׯ֮Ҳ˻뺮֮УΪǺȪȪʿֵܹģԶԺ֮еҲ֪֮١
ݽɽׯĵӶˣ˵ɵĵˣȻĵϸǿֲĺȴʵʵģЩŷʿվڶڣǰֺ
˴ֻ뿴ûб˿ռģ⺮֮ΣĪ˵ʲôҽеġ
ʱںѾۼλʿоͰ֮ǰæӴܵξٽɳˡ
˶˴˼ɵĿŶԷ
ξٽɳҲɻĿźǽ뺮Ȼ֪⺮֮һͷƷϱͶʮеǿսǿ϶˵
ոմӺ֮д죬Ȼս񲻾ζ˺ϱˣ
һܹ޶ֵʿμڻ֮еʿ֮вᳬʮˣռǰʮ̨Ĺ֮⣬ξٽʵ벻ʲôܹ޶֡
ں֮еǰʮ̨ĹĻôһж˵ͨˡ
ʱսʼͽʱ䲢Ǹո뿪սѾʼˡ
Ҳζ˸˽˺˻Ծ
һ뵽ξٽһ亹ĴڵʱͽǻɱĻɳѾһˡ
Ҳغ̲סüͷڳȥضΪʸ֮ģⲢҪġ
ȣҾͲڶһӣҧҧ
ѾõһǿսѾõ˽ֵ˵ʤȯգǶʿɲôˣֻжʮȥеǿսĻֻʮűˣﵢ̫ʱĻԭİٷ֮ʮĻᶼûˡ
ȣȵʱٽȥһˣһҪ̽ʲô飡ξٽ˵
˴죬һսضǾ춯أʹϱʤҲضˣδزܽնɱǿսȡ
ϱԷնɱôǿսضҲԷ֣֮ôնɱԷܵõǿսܵõһ޵ʬ壬Ի
۵ʿξٽɳһ֪⺮֮жʮ֮һֻǱ޴սİˣ⺮֮ΣأΪ˺У⻮ڵȴʱ֮˱뿪ˣֻʣξٽɳڶغ
ʦ֣а𣿡ɳֻʣǶˣ̲סʵ
ξٽҡҡͷҲ֪޷ͬСɣǴ˸Һ޽аضҲͨʿһˣܾˣ˺û᲻ȥһҶڡ
ɳ˵ͷʦ˵ʹܻɱϱضҲ˲СˣҶ֮ҲδزĶ֡
ǴǳɹеǿսɾҶ˵֮ˡξٽЦ
ڶ˳ٳٲ뿪аЦһ˵ǲģ
ʹϢϾѾϳڶǰݽɽׯˣͻһܹѰϱҲͲ˵õǿսˣдջ˵һݹ档
ˣеĺ͵һգ֮ǰϺ֮صĺ˲ͱȵ
ںвǿ˫ȪĻһ˲ͻһ߽ʬ
⺮죡⼫¶ȵ̲ס
ξٽɳҲܵ˺ļת䡣
ʦ֣⺮ʲôͷڶⶼ˿ȣɳ̲סʵ
ξٽЦЦ⺮Ҳһеĺ˫Ȫʿ˵ں˫ȪΧΪһǧ
ɳɫ䣺⺮֮еĻ˶ӣҵΪҲֻǰɣҪ˫Ȫɶ̸أ²һյĹʦҾҪˡ
˵Ϊȥ𣿡ξٽ̲סɳһۡ
ʦֵ˼ǡᵤ棡ɳ̲סе
ɣᵤ᲻⺮֮Ҳ֪ǰ⺮֮У֮ΪһǧֱֵʿӵСξٽ˵
ɳĿҲˣƺֻҪΪܴһ㡣
СӾͱעˣȻͬΪڣ֮Ĳ֮ͬ𣬾˵Ѿ̤˽ᵤڵżٳδͻҲֻѹԼΪˡξٽ˵
ɳЦһڰݽɽׯ֮еλǷǿ𽣵ȴҲҪվ˽𽣵ӵĶˣǰݽɽׯ֮еϯһϯֵܹĶָ˵ʤˡ
ƾԼʵں˫ȪΧǶȴֻܳʱ˫Ȫ緢ʱȥĲ಻һĴ
ɫһ֪⺮˫Ȫû뵽Ժ˫ȪĶѣں˫Ȫİꡣ
ɣܹ˿ٵͻƽᵤڣҲ⺮˫ȪĹЧ⺮˫Ȫд˵ȹЧĻô;͸ѹˡ
˵ʱ仹кܶ࣬͹ҪռʮҲҪҵʱ䣬֮δҲ뵽취⺮˫Ȫߡ

ˣξٽŵϵѪεҡҡͷ
ô뿪ģſһֱģɳ̲סʵ
Ҳ֮ǰѾ뿪ˣʵߣնɱϱܴ֮뿪ѵξٽһ
ܰɣ
ˣǻǾѰʣıɣĻһУõһӦòٺˡξٽ˵
뿪ͲɵһԼϢ˺˫Ȫ
˼ʲô취ܹ⺮˫Ȫߡ
ͣڰݽһɽ֮Уһ̴һͷ׺׵Դ
ֻüͷеĳ׺һۡ
ƷѪ׵ʬͬһ㣡


255 ˫ȪЧ
·һСѾ֤ݡݽɽׯ𽣵ӡ
ݽ֮ΣյĵطҲ⼸ؽӦþˡ˵
ڴ˵Ļһϳ𽣵˭˾Ȼǰݽɽׯϯ
ҲֻʵնɱһͷƷޡ
Χһ֮ûзֱĴڣ㻯Ϊһʧԭء
ʮôױѰĻôҲ̫СˣܹڵһҵһǿսѾˣǻܹô̵ʱҵĻòؽĽᵤʿԿ
žҵĺе׹⽣ϵĴ˫ȪΧιЩΡȻϰٴεĹҲֻЩ֮һ˿׺۰ˣҪڹȪڳҪˡ
ʹһ佣֮ϡ
飡һըǿҲըˡ
ҾͲˣһᣬֱӽͭ׿ٻ˳ͭ׿ܲϵû
ͭ׿ܣһӲĲ񻰵Ҳûһ취޼᲻ݵĳǹҲֻһһС㡣
ˣһֱֵĴ֮еɻͻȻ˷ܵĽ
һ㶣Ҳǵһοɻ˵˷ܣʹÿιʱ򶼲ô
ɻֻ֮֮ƴСɻһԾ͵ƣһȪ֮С
һ⺮˫ȪǱѰʹ緢е¶ҲǾԿֲģΪɻ浣
ɻıЩĶԵö࣬Ȫ֮ǿֲ¶ȶɻ˵ûһӰ죬˵ɻϲȪ֮е¶ȡ
ɻû£Ͳɵ˿ɻԭڵҽ֮УڸżߵԣܹȪ¶ȵǲΪˡ
ɻĿȪһۣȻʮֲᣬ֮ãǱϾȲҽ֮ڣһȪɻҵҽĸо
Ҳûа취⺮˫ȪҲۺ죬Ǹ޷ߡεҡҡͷ
˭֪͸˵仰ɻʹȪ֮ȪΧתתȥѡһص㣬ֻ³һںɫҺ塣
û뵽ǣһͭ׿ܶûа취ȻۿɼٶţȻȣֻһ㣬Ҳζ㲢ǲɴݻٵġ
һｵһҲû뵽ɻڳճҺȻд˵ȹЧ
ӰѾ㽫ڹȪߵĻԺ춼Ȫˮ֮С˷ܵ˵
ɻƺ͵Ļвϵ³ɫճҺȥһʱȪΧͳһȦݣҲͿϣһ֮ڱضܹڹȪ
ɻķڳճҺҲ޾ģһʱɻ˵ҲǼģÿһʱɻ涼Ȫ֮һʱ䣬ٳ
ǲϻŰݽɽׯ̸֮
Ҫ⺮֮չأ֤⺮ĲԼ⺮֮һʱ䣬ΪǷҲн
ܹȫǿڵСǳȥͶԼǷȥ
⺮棬һҪðһԵĸоԼбСֻҪʱסӦûΣա
ڻǺȪʱ̣˱𣬱ԽԽȪ֮бĺ͵ϣ
;ԼѪҺѸٵĶᣬ֮¼æٻ˱һ١
һ뵽ոǹ͸ı;亹ֱȻܹĵطʲôĹﰡ
ףһ
ոڵĺת֮ڵȻ˲٣
⺮̲ס⺮Ȫһۣĺڵ˲٣֮ҪѸͣ
Ȼ⺮ǴޱȣֻҪ⼫֮ΪѹﶼҪ˱չأа̾һ
⺮Ȫֵ֮ǲɹȷżʹǰݽɽׯ֪֮⺮˫ȪֵҲûж١
ᵤµʿĹ֮⣬ûܹ˿ֲĺᵤϵʿ϶ڰݽΧ
ȻҲųЩ֪ܵ˲뽫ܹ֮ڣһⶼ֪ͣ⺮ȪĹЧ֮˵ʲôŹˡ
⺮ȪˣͺȪһȪȥ
⺮Ȫĺʵ̫ˣֽ׶εΪ޷ȫСͱڣֻҪſһӣĺ֮Уĺͻܹܵġ
Կ⺮Ψһ취ǱԼȫĳӯϺֹι֮ʹԼģȥȻҲصؼ䣬Ϊ㣬Ϊ
Ͱ΢΢һЦϥ£ĿڶģһвŲʣƾиԼϣһһѪۣȴʼմЦһ˿Ŀ
ĺ֮£ڵٶȣƺ綼ô֣֣ʹΪϲֻԶԶڱ˵֣֣õһʱ侹ȻȻȫȫģһת
޾ƺûоͷ
£һҹʱ䣬һӣƺҲûʲôֻڵƺ׳һ֣һ֣ƣһ˲Ѫۣһ˲Զϣָԭʼ״̬ʹ࣬ȻойǵʹȴѾôˡ
Ȼ䣬ǳǵĺʧӰ٣ȡ֮Ƿһһȵĺ޴͵ϣ˲͵ͱ˺̿һ㡣
ǳ֮еȴЩһ֪ϼȡСͱ˿˵ߣͷֵ˴ֻ͵֮УͬճΪһ֡
֮кȽ棬ת֮ȥˡ
ڼ䲢ûʿ⺮һЩʿ˺֮УǺ֮ǿֲĺЩʿ˰ϣҲӹһ٣Ȼڵ״̬һʿɱ
Ƚ棬һ츣֮ΪһǧݶΪܹоԼѾһƿںͽᵤ֮ƿ
һƿʵ̫ǿǿ͸޷ĵز
ǿ⺮˫ȪЧãһƿҲʮԺˣ죬죬⺮˫Ȫʮ궼δ顣
Ҫһƿ⿿˫ȪҪһɸ


256 ޻
̫⺮˫ȪΧҲضܹһ㣬ͻںͽᵤ֮һϡ
ͻ۾⺮˫ȪİԶԶԤϣ죬ͺ֮ǰȫ֮ڵƺҪѿһ㣬ٺХԾżʹóԪҲܹ
ֻΪΣ⼸ǲ飬Ϳƽ֮ȴе˼ķա
˫Ȫ緢ĺֲޱȣͨʿһ涼ŲӵбС˵ȱ޷⺮˫ȪΧ˵Ϊˡ
ʱ䣬ɻѾȪΧڳһӣҪȪȻ
Ͳɵüͷ˭Ҳ֪⺮˫ȪжٶȥֻܽȪߣⲢҪģ˫Ȫһ٣һȱһЧ
Ƚ棬̶ȵļǱܣ
ǳɻճҺ֮⣬͵ڶûзʲôܹӲĲ񻰵ܽ⡣
¡ͻȻ⴫춯ص
üͷһ壬ʶ˲˳ȥ
ǧ֮⣬Ͽգһ߸ֱ߰߷ߵľ޴ͷֻɫͰߺɫƬ⣬ͷ˫ǣ˫ᣬֻ۾ȭ綷ɢɭϹ⣬ϿſĴ׶״ݣ֮ĺʹԶʮ￪⣬Ҳŵ˱ǵζ
һߣһֻͨѩףͨſգƿ׶೤ԶƬƣҲһ׶ߣ๺צģ൱˵ľ޴ѩգھһߣ¸¡۾ͬź챦ʯ˸˸⡣
һһգǵصѹΧĶѹĶá
ޣϽǾѩգ
ݽȵΧȻͷƷޣ
һЩŷʿɭϿգͿѩ׾գǸ߸߰𣬾һСɽһľ޴ɫͷ˶ɵɫףһĭһļ²ѣ
ͷ֮սɲֵܹͨģвֱͷ޶ϵĻ֪ôġ
ͷƷޣϿգҲ
ľۣƱɫ
ͷɫϣѾطƺצצѪģһƬͷ׵ͼѩҲ⣬ѩ׵˫ϣһѪ߰ߣƺǱʲôػһƵġ
Ȼͷޣˣ˵֮ͬսûô÷ֳʤģһۣôܹڵֻǣ˭ֵܼøðˣ
Уʮʿһ뷢ֱϽǾһ˻޴ͷѸϰΣͷɭϿʮ׸ߵķѩҧȥ֮䣬ſͬһ޴Ѫ
е㷴ӦæתܣЦսǲϵýȥģٴһͻ֮ͷֻҪԲƬֵıߣЩ˾ȫñڴɽˡ
Һôʱƺæڻûпշˣһֱ֮ܵ⣬һɽ֮ϣǱߵĴѾԽԽСţҲ̶Ӱʱһһڵأÿ˶Լʪ͸ͷ·Ǵˮ̳һ㣬ѣкڣļ²ѡ
ϽǷ׵ͼޣͷ˫ǣ˫ᣬͰＸʮɣ֮УǼֲĴڣǺųȫǱ˫ǣƤ۾ѪҺĽǣϣѪҺһЩҩƷֵ飬Уκһʿջ
ڵ߽Լͷϵɫǣ޼֮ᵤʿᡣ
ѩգȻֵ˵ѷɫϽǷһҲѣֻ޳ᣬޱȵĸ߽ϣ˿ѷɫϽǷϵ߽Ͻǣڼڵͨ˵Ǹǿɼľ
ͷʵѵභܾˣԶӣһһˣ˵ٵˣĺʬԭأߡֻ޶ƴҲûеĸܣ
ܾˣԶӣȥҲΣգֻ޻ԭأҲԶˣ첻̫вһһˣҲһֻ޵ʬ廹ԭأֵҲˣսǾ͸ܣ
ھ޴ǰûмˣܱƽģȻʱ˶ɵ뵽һֻڴ̾ᣬ˵ʵȻǲٽжԶӶԶֻ޵ȣֻ޻ȴ־һˣ
޴ķգǾ޴棬û˲һ㣬Ȼͷ޵Ļ޲ҵ뷨ֻҪ㹻ÿ˶ͦգȻһε֮޴ȫģ
ͷ޵ʬ壬ʹҲ֮͸ĵͷײһġ
޶Լأһǲһģͷ޲һ𣬶һһ㻥ɱԷɱĲݡ
ڰݽΧ޾ѾܲˣοһԳͷԽԽò
ɻھ֮ԼϢĵ뿪˺
ͷֻսڳ
ͻȻһ͵ǰһ
ϽǷĸȻһı
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ľ㽣һЩۼʿϽǷĽʱϲ
̤Ь䴦ȫѹЩŷʿҲû뵽Ȼô׾ҵһ
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üͷľ㽣ûʲôôʹҲǶһѽˣôʿΧţͲܵôʿľ㽣
볡֮ϣһƬ䣬ƽһƬ룬ȻƷޣϽǾͷѩյʬ壡
ֻɫϣƿԴѪѪҺϵȾʬܵĵ棬γһֲѪ̶˴Ŀģʮɳľ޴ߣһ𣬾һСɽϺɫƬѪ߰ߣ䣬ֻطãһԴУĿһڴѪԽĽȻǱͷභ࣬׼ᣬһķѩΪ
һߣͷͨѩףʬ׸ߣ˫۶ϣƿһѪ£ѪģԴҧߵľ޴ѩգڵϣѩ˫ѾֻʣһˣƺǱ۵ģⲢԭԭ򣬻ԴϣȻʱڳҲóǷѩ׼ᣬ£ֱϽǾģǣϽǾʹ֮£󷢣ȻƵ֮ʣһҧѵķѩհԴ˫˫޵սȻǣܾˣһ棡

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257 
ոջɵʿ˲֣ڿвϵײеĿһǱϽǷľ㽣
ŵĶƾԼǿӲһ嵽ϽǷߡ
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ֻһŻɫķ˲ȼգһɫļױ֮ǰ
ֻױֳֳֵֶܣһ壬ױһնŵĶɫһ䣬Ӳӡ
Цҿεеùϼڵķ
ֻгһϳױһʱһʵ
ϼڵķȻ鴫ں֮пɱͨɵĸ̾һ
ڣǧݽɽׯѧƷԣ޻ǽԵݣϼƷһ
ϼڵķױϼķ֮һһŷܲһԺʿĻױһ࣬ʹᵤʿҲܳŸһʱġ
ңһŭȣһڹһױϣʱĻǡ
Ѫɱڣףüͷһ塣
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һڹ⾹Ȼһöͨڵ׶ӣ
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׶ͷһĹűһ׶Уȫᱻа壬ΪʧǴԸĹű֮һ
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258 
־ƣһڻɽƲΣ溮ȡ
̲ס뵽ڡ־ϵһλⶫޱơ
Ϊǣʹǡ־ҲֻжһЩϵͳʹǱ롶־˿Ҳûʶǡ
ںһͲɸ̾ص棬Ȼ
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û뵽ǣЩһⴥ룬㻯ΪҺ̬˳Ŵں֮ϡ
;ĿһĻ֮еĺ˫ȪȻγɵġ
ǲΧתһֵŴųö֮ڴΧˮ̶
Ҫγɺк˫ȪĹģ˵ҲҪǧʱ䡣
֮棬֪֮Ҫʤٱ۳˫ȪʱȻǴ٣ʹҲһʱ֮
֮аңһϾǽǴڴ˵֮У͸ͲǵϢ֮סĲڵĻҲ֪Ǻˡ
۳һҺʱڵļСһȫ۵ǵΧ
СӣԣѰСһﶼĿǴһξӨҺ塣
޶ڱĸӦҪʿĶ࣬ʹһҺãЩСһﶼ֪ⶫкô
޵ʺʿȫͬʿ⺮˫ȪеȪˮĻǱɱǱճɽ̿ǿһһڴӣòҺʲôΣ
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ͳһᣬһǴϵһξӨҺ漴˿С
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ǰһ͵ķӦ͵ĳ˹ȥͷһҺС
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ѰⰧԹ̲סһԴСһ֪ԣǸǺΣյģҿɲԡ
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ѰҲǳģŹģֱĿǵĴ롣
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Ļÿһƿ衣ƲУ;ա
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259 
һЦǸĿⲻסԼ䴢ƵĻ꣺ôֻ·ȴôסڵ·Ϊιʣ֪ɷ˵
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ĿΪ׵Ļϣƶ˵ղŻֻǻɣѾȫȷˣˣһɱӹڷʿ֮ˡ
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ϧң
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ͬʱʱֻ²ֵ̣ĶֻҲ٣ȻТ˳ȻҲɲ
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뷨һðʱҲûƣ漴߹ͱ뷨ˡ
һˣ뵽дľȻǺ£ǣ
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ֻԼĴɣ߹˵ĲֻһˣԼˣʵһЩҲԸ߲ȥһ廹ܵģ
һˣǡϵʿͬʱôƫƧĵطɲҰװ׷Źʵ̫ϧˡ
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λǣ
ΧȦеͣһ΢Ц·֪Σս٣һ㯵Ĺʵ
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һҲǣҪŲ˽ϽѶʡǶֶţ˺ֻƣ뺦Ķ͵ТʦּȻ³Լ׵ġ
գգ۾ǡڴ١
һסȻʿٴοЦֹһָͣЦôƫƧĵطûκͬ飬ץסһʣ̫ԲסԼСӣҪƴˣʱû㣬ϽѶôү֡
͡ŶһǹȻڴ١ֻı飬ɿһ㾪ţҵӣʼգһֱƽˮöĸ߹棬ԭƶٴһ˿ֱܿѹȥ
Ҫϻˣֱɱ˾ǣжǵġ
߹ҲͲסֱһ֣Ⱦͳȥ
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ʿ죬һڵСһɫĶ̵Լһ߳ͭ
õģȴһѳɫѣֻ̣һָȴӨ͸ĻɫҫŵĹ⻪ʣԵüǲ
Ŵƺʵ߸ѿ֮ӿƺз裬鶯ѣ°׳£ƮɣԵüǲ
֮УԸ߹ǰһĳ֧ɫΪҲǿ


260 İ޹
ħڵĵӣ˴ħʮ˽ֲԣҲû뵽ħڵĵӣԼƺǺħڶˡ
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ȴֻһЦˣָһţıķ𣬷ֱˡ
ǿսѪѪꪣޣ׹⽣ȴԼУϹ⣬꣬ӳ裬ƺҲȾһ㵭ɫ
пռ䣬ѪѪֱꪷ߹µʿޣԼ׹⽣ȴвĸ߹ˡ
һʱɫ߹ʧű
ôҲħڵľӢӣʶ㲩ȻϵóЩǷҪʵĴڡ
׹⽣ޣֻһ˲䣬У¶̰֮ɫ۾ͨ죬˶ıֻЩֵʯЩʯ򲻵ġʹûеõһƱֵˡ
Ȼɫȴûи߹ôÿͷɫȴһ˲ѿ
ԭֻΪֻһߣӣͻȻһ־׵ķļǹűʵǼ򵥵ôɫ˲֣أܲγ绷ƣеѣøͬʱŲ΢΢һһĹ
ˣͷһ㶣漴Ҳ¶˿ϲ֮ɫôķսһʤˣ˵оһ䵽Уʱ𾪣׷׳ǰӶеȥȻһ˵
Ƚӵģǿս͸߹һʿеСһڳɫС֮ϣۣȻƷûǿսߣˢһ£ɶأֵסӵʱɫ¶ʹɫ
ǿսһС֮󣬼ǰһ磬ʿ࣬һУ
ӵʱ˲Լı𣬳ˣҲųһ亹
ʱһ˲ˣǼ򵥵ôԼıȥԷӲӲʹһҲࡣ
ڶӵģǻѪһʿеɫ̵
ѪڿУĳһĺƺɣˮһ㣬Ǳɫ̵һǰһͣٶȴͶɵѵķֻһ£ͽʿɫ̵гΣȻ˿ͣ˲мʿʺ
ѪꪣǿսѪһ˲еӣһ棬ԷķͱѪ˺ѡ
׹⽣Ը߹񳤽ޣĳɫ̵ѡ
߹Ǳ񳤽ҲǷ׹⽣ƴ˼ǣȻ˿ֻǽɢһЩȻҲǼƷ
ȴӲƴ̤һֵĲǼ䲻Ъ֮޵Ĺеĳ̵ѣȴһصͶУеʱңγ
תֻһȦ˻ظ棬ȴȻɫһףۡһѪ
ͣâɢɫ̵ѣâ˲·⻪ʧ
һغһ壬䣬ռϷ磬ڸ߹޹֮⣬棬Լʿ˵ˡ
˼ˣҲΪ⣬ջļ࣬ĵ׹⽣ȻĿˡ
߹һ֣սģûսģȫһˣ·ȹ滮õһ룬һµˡ
˵һ֮γһΧȦΧУɫ䣬ȴͬ߹˷ܣ侲ˣȴǷη壬¡ɫһ㡣
Ȼղ˴ҸоеȴԿ󣬵һغϾͲڶԷУʱлǾδһɷ֮ɫȶӶɵڳ
߹ͣ۾ԾսĻ棬ĵãе㱾£ܴӰݽлʿһ嶼ܴ־űΪֻôʶʶʲôս
գգ۾Ŷʲôս
߹ϣȻһٱƣƣʨ绢籪ߣϷеӥ޾ۺһһģԶţǿ޵еϢȻɢȥҰĿƺҵĲ𶯣ľƮҡƺһ죬صơ
İ޹
߹ΪħڵľӢӣʹʵȲХ֮һʵҲǲСİ޹Եɺ֮µõһǿĹ
ÿһʹƶ춯أԼҲҶãÿһʹãܶ˭³ֻһǾԶʧ
棬ԼµʿҲûжٻῴ߹ʹ⡰İ޹ܹһζѣʱȻⲻ֮£ٴʹһŸ߼ܵǾƺֹǿƣ˶ǲɵþһ
ʿԭƵĵӣָͣЦİ޹Сӣˣ
һҲüɫĵСӣǣ㵹ù䣬ҪԹϱˣúõһ̰ɡ
ԭΪһغʧЩüëҲɵ¿ʼչһԭǵɫͬʧȻ߹ⲿİ޹ģҲ⾫
棬͵ɫԴһ˿֣أ룬ǿе֣֪ŹΪ߹ȻһŹȻ˵ûϵ֮ǿȴҲԳ֮⡣
͵ıȻûжٱ仯ΪԷӵһŸ߼ͬӵУûں˫Ȫ΢ģ˿̣ȴֻһ͵ı飬Է˵ıˡ
龰ֻĻɥҵȶԷ˹ȥڶԷδ۷ʱðճ϶Էʩϲߡ
һЦݵĿɶԷȫİ޹ƣڲǣܵĿԽԽѹ֮У߹ۣ޷ԹģȻ顱һϰֱը¶һѪ⣬߸߹
Χܶһе𻨡žġİ޹Ѿ۷ľ֡
ڣ߹۷壬Ҳܴİ޵Ϣϯܣ﷽Բ֮ڣе޶һ󾪾壬£ȫͷ̧ͷ
һЩޣҲĸоһ󲻰͵͵µһ
߹̧ͷ۾һĺɫͣɭɭЦСӣòϣʵδĶ֣ʹڣҰŹ۷壬ڣɣ
һ֣ս󣡡


261 
䣬һƶŲ߹һɣһӣҲֵ̤Ĳ߹һɣǣһһҡ
ʿͬѸƶλڸ߹ǰһɣͬһһңƺǸ߹Χʵγһ巽ս󣬸߹֮ģΪ˵ġ
ϡİ޹Ϣܴ˴̼ԭѾ۷壬ʱȴٴαһأ˰ٷ֮ʮ
һֱĿ߹ʩֱ۷壬ҲŹøˣû뵽ǣԷս󣬾Ȼٶһء
Ҫ֪ȻֻһСأǵزʵֻ΢һ㣬ʮѵģսܽԷʵٷ֮ʮ֮࣬ʮ־˵ˡ
߹һЦϵܣԸԷһˣҵİ޹㹻ˣαټ󣬼ֱ̫Էˡ
ʿ߹ĻʱҲһƨǣǣ߹ϴİ޹һĴβֵԷֻƵģ̫Сˡ
ȻȴΪֻתͷһ˵С޴ߵ죬СռɵĹͣǵʵֻ֣һ
˵߹ĵԷôһ֣ղһֲûм϶һСһ쿪ʼСˣǾǵĩգҲûбҪټȥˡ
浱ôһ˵߹üͷ΢һ㲻ãȴûгµӣȴеΣǸղ˸߹ȴʱһ٣ߵûУΪ֪۹⣬ܱȵϵġ
ֻе㵣߹Ĳ죬ƨĵϣһĵİĿ߹뿴߹ʲôӦ
߹ɫ£ȴȻһЦ˵ϵ˵ĶԣһǿʼСˣǾǵĩյˣʨӲȫοǼȲһֻʨӣԷҲһֻСá
ʨӲãӾ㲻УҲҪ£̶֮ˣΪ£ԣǲ̫Уİ޹ƥ䣬öԷǵȭͷ
һµмʿȴƶͰɫһȵ󣬷
ֵһβ𱬿ȳһȭ͵ţȭͷ֮ϣһֻ׶ͻӰڿУȭ֮Уˡİ޹ϢԶţģͣ޵еƣһֻȭͷ֮Уľ
Ǹ߹꣬İ޹֮ǿһȭȭ
ˣҲɵô߶ΣٴͰΧȥһСڶɫ̵ĶϳڻԪͭ趯һƬĸӰɨ͵ϣУ·Ѩ
棬վһûٴ֧ɫ̵ѣһụ̈¾֮£רͷΪĵط
ȻѾʶԼȻ֮ЧȻ֪ΪΣȴϵķһָսˡ
ϧˣ
͵̾һǸ˲ţϧа·ҲݲԼˡ
Ҳû֣εһתȻţΧԼ࣬мʿӣ湥ȴܲˣ壬ӭ֮УΪ˵ĸ߹
߹һȭٱһܻȭƣû˸ӡ
ȴֱֱͬһȭȭգһֱ֮ϣĻڴۡ
ȭӣһ춯صı죬ƺ磬һ֮ϣɳʯ˷ԲʮɵķΧ֮ڣľһȫһ˲촷ۡ
ͣ߹ˣȫƺһѪɶ˵䣬һ˲䣬ȫ˷ĩֻʣһյֱۣ¶ڿУֱ֮ϣѪӿȻ˲ˡ
Ȼ߹µʿԼָӵ棬˸ңֱӷһٱһ¾ɣ·ĿڵֱֱԶɽ֮Уһ·ҵ֦Ҷۣ׷ɣڽѪȫһ¾ֱˣ״̬
ˣǿʮǿޱȵġ󡱣ʱơ
Ȼ˶ǽȫȽϽټϸûϵ;Ȼ߹ӲӲԶûмԷϣУ£ҵԭ˼ֻǲסͣ޷ܸ߹һȭȫ硣
סǲסˣ˼ҸûܣǵйΧĻ⵲ûܽͣ߹ʿȫһƣһ𣬿֪жôֲ
ͬڣĲǾ޴ģԶ
Ǹ޷ֵǹɻصƣֱӵıˣ״̬һٵģȫɽߣ;ľȫͺɣƬ±֮ϣֱӶĸεĴӡ
ûһʱᣬûһˣʵ棬ֱӻ˹ȥֻûʮ£ˣȫĹͷһѲ֪˶ٸ
߹Ŀѡ
ֱ֮ϣεµѪҺ۳һСϪʹɲɫ֮
ͣǵѪòֱֱĵãܺãû뵽Ȼ㣡
Ϣ֮ʹȫһˣʹһԪܣ߹ϲشԼǺˡ
ȻϳˣҲͲöˡЦһֻһĨָԭò
ãúã߹Ķ͡
ǼȻ飬ôͻϵôһ졣Цһ
ں˫ȪͣʵͲѸ߹ϣ֮ԲȡӲӲķʽȫΪ˾һսϾǳȵΨһͨʿһ˷ֵĻһֵⲢҪġ
ֵȻ֮ľڸ߹ϣֻҪܸ߹Ͳơ
ͣҲҪ汳߹һԭѾ۷ƾȻһ
ɫһ䣬߹ȻǶĳطڶʱڿԼ⵹ھת
߹һ
ֻ߹ֳ޵Ӱ沿ڲϵĳ鴤¶ֱ𣬶ĺӶͷ䡣
˿ֲĳһĸÿ²һ㣬߹Ȼżʹࡣ
֮ӦǸ߹Ǿ˵ƣһ
һֱ˵ı߹ϢֹͣǣʱϢѾ÷Բ֮ڣľȫѹ촷ۣͣڴϢ
ʱĸ߹Ѿ޽ӽڽᵤʿˣ˵ʱĸ߹һᵤʿΨһ״̬̫ܳá


262 Ժ
͵۾΢΢˾ϻڣԪѾΧ
ѾܸоԷһʯ쾪ǳУȫ׼ͶѾоԼܼ̫ܲ
ɫ֮ϣȴһ㵣ǵı鶼û¶һƽȻӣƺ˿Ϊŵ
ֻڵҲȫԼһеķ߶ɾһҵĽʹͬʱұۼⱩǣʼ˺Ĵ߶ڵ
ʹ͵ľڽĳˢһʿҪ͵Ķ࣬˷ת˵ҲһСĸ
ͲһеĴ߶ڵݺݾڸ߹˺Ĵ߶Լʵˡ
ΪͣŵˣϢָоѾܾöûˡ
ұ֮ϣһɫ·һʼ͵ļ֮ϻըұ۾һѵĻҩʱıһ顱죬ըһѪĳ
Ƭʱ䣬͵ƬұۣͱһƬǼ·Ǵһ֮пһѪĳûһƬõƤˡ
䡱һ죬ұ֮У棬·ûͷӬһײһһһƬʱòֻͨ͵ֱ۾Ҫը飬Ӵ˷ˡ
ӲҧסֲɲϵĴȫұ֮ϣע׹⽣֮С
͵δ㣬߹ѾƵת䣬һ˫۾ӵ죬Դһ˿ɫ
Įޱ飬һͷҰǵ۾
ɵֱ̧֣֮ϣһɹɿͣǿӿ۳ܵĿռ䣬˲·С磬ڲϻ𡭡
ڽᵤǿߵʵӦóһᵤżûʿϣʵˣ˿̣һĻ͵ǰ
ٴһȭ
ǡȭ
ûХûֻһ֮ǰѾȫʵ·һͷϻ׷ȭͷ֮ϣһ˫۾֮УҲĮģޱ顣
ֻһ˲䣬͵͵ǰٶȿ쵽۾ϡ
ƺֻٶȵȴֹ֪ˣϢƽƽһȭʮֿ¡
ǣĿһȻûԷѾӵ˲ᵤʿʵʱһˣԷĹֻ಻һһʱԼȫ뱻ˡ
ȻУҲһҪ϶ԷƣΪ֪Ȼǿ󣬿ͬԣʱƵģһжϣҲ᲻
Ͳˣ̤ǰ벽׹⽣ն
ӲӲһһȭ
һ·˿ռ䣬͵ȭǰΪٶȹ죬һĵƬ˸ȭͷȥγһԵİɫˣ·ܵĿγ
׹⽣Լһȭ߹УᣬмЦ⣬ȭƸһȻ͵һӡ
ֻоԼһȭײɽֱһʹǰһڡ
͵ֱۣȻըѿˣͲһĹһƬ֪ԼұۣԷһȭȭˣᵤʿƣԶʿܹġ
ͺһն
ٴһ߹۾ɭˣԥٴһȭ
ͬǿƣͬ͵ȭ֮Χѹһˮһİơ
ʯ֮䣬ȭӣͺ֮Уһ
һѪ֮ӿӿͷҪ̲ס
ӲסˣҲ޷ܣֱӱ߹һȭɣɳʮɣ߹۾֮йâһ˾ٴλһȭ
֮ǿ󣬾һһÿһιƣֻҪм䲻ϣһθͣƻһ̶ȣɽϺ
һø߹ǾѾǵȭˣƱ֮һȭڶȭ϶ǿͣҪûзӦʱ޹ȥ֮ǰĽ֡
ȻԷڵľ磬˵ʱǲ൱һᵤʿʵȴС֣ΪǳˣֻղŵһȭӦñԼ׻ɱˡ
ɶԷסȻֻ˵СˣԼðΣգʩչȣʵø߹÷ȴ޿κΣͬʱҲļɵ
նĽâҲø߹ɵѣͨĽâҲǱը͵ĽâȴʵԶ֮ϵĻ⽣âҪԴ
Լʹ屶ͣ屶ߣ߹ǰҲûʹùðʹóȻûдﵽߵ屶Ҳı֮ޡ
Ȼ͵ʵ˿ͣһâȻбըΣÿһαըʹ⽣âըΣʵĵٶһأ߹ţԼıʵֻҲδսʤǸʱ򣬶ԷĵֹԼȴ̶ֶֻ֧һ˲Զ
ôҪڶʱڽͣţֻҪԼһͱɡ
ıʵټصݹȫ״ݻκһʿˡ
ǣø߹ôҲû뵽鷢ˣѾ˵Ǹ̶ȣ˶Ѿɳȥʮɣ۾һգ֮䣬Էԭʧһ̣ȻˣٴλصԼǰȻ裬촽ٴһ
ȻԼȭûл֮ǰԼ

ԼûԼˣ߹һߣΪ͵־֮ǿе̾ҲͬʱҪȥ֮ġ
̫ˣСǿһ㣬ܶȻһһεĶʵᡣ
ԥģ߹ٴһȭһȭǰȭٲͬҵĿ쳹Բ֮ڣ˶һ졣
һ·˾ҵĦ߹ȭͷΪ٣ΧһһɫĻ棬ɫĻǳƺʱҪϨ𣬵Χȴȼˣһžıը
˳뵽ԭ浱Уֻȭͷﵽǰʱ򣬾ȻΧһ㱡ȭͷֱ֮ӱڻ߿֮УγһױһϵҴܣһȡ
͵۾ӳһĻһϻȼգһֻ֮һʹһѪӿ
ͼҪ̲סſڣȴĪ־ӲסˣĽѪ¶УΪ֪ս֮Уÿһھ쳣شѪֻҪԼһţͻȫʱԼ͸ӲԷˡ
Ծܣ̲סҲҪסıͣſһ˿϶
뵽ˣһоǾʤ֮սͬʱҲ뵽ˣĿǰĿԣռ˰ٷ֮ʮŵţһɥˣ֮ͬУȫǼ޵еĴڣԼǿ֧ŵеĿܡ
ǣûкˣʹذܣһҲͬʱھŬÿһطѹեգûѹեԼ壬һһĳұۣ·ҪǮһĹȥ
˿̣ұۣͷ·һҩͰֻҪһȼһȣͻᱬըһըøɸɾ


263 ۶
ĵط˲ĵطûһˣûôʹսǾһ㣬Ҳû˽ȫѹһֱۣطһ㲻ġ
֪һҲû˿õģһȭϣҪôҪôûеڶܡ
ֱȥطĿԣǴȫһΣͶһܲܣƳ
ȭνӣӴһ˲䣬߹Цˡ
ԭĵģ˲ɹȥΪ֪ԷʵʱҲˣֵһ̣ǶԷĽâȻǿ󣬿ɱǰΣһ˿磬ȻΪ˲˵ԭ
ԼȭƸ㣬ƸͣȭӣС
˶ԷѵһβֹұֵۣҼ磬ԼȭѾ˳Էұۣݺݵĳ˶Էľ磬һ·ֱײеһУֻҪ赲ȫ顣
߹ϵЦ⣬ŨˣҪ̵һ˲䣬࣬ڴʱɫıˣͷ·ֲ¡
͵ĵ·ܵʲô̼һ㣬޵׶һȭͬţ뺣Ϣ
߹ŵĿͣԼǿһɱһʿ
Ǹ߹˲ͻعΣһȭֱӴ͵壬Ҳûκεô
߹ǳˮһ˵ȭٴᣬţԷֻ˳Լ壬ԼһٸԼһȭĻֱӹԼԼȻɡ
߰㣬һҵľûмûģһ̾ʱնһΪһﵽ۶ͺˡ
ܽס߹ȭԷҲûк֮ˣ˴ʱҲýˡ
ϧҲ֪ⲻܣ֮ں򣬲ʹʮ꣬Ҳδɣһȴ˲ϢɴѾв̵ʱգŶ룬һܹΪһѾףҪ۶ϼˡ
ԼղѾôΣǿӲأ۶ûгɹ뵽͵͵һ̾Ŭǣʶģһٴνһȥ
Ȼû뵽ǣȥԭ·۶·ˮһ㣬ֻһײͳɹĶ뵽ұ֮С
䡱һ죬ͬٴ麣򽭻ذת֮ԭ·ȥȻҵ˹鳲ȫһӿ롣
Ȼ䣬ٴɫ䣬һΣһθף֣ǲŵı顣
ܣ
ֻüгһ䣬ǹɻû˳ȭͱһɸͣǿ󣬷·޼᲻ݵĽâ·ˮһ㣬ֻһ˲ûȫʧ
ԭһֱˣǹģ
߹У뷨һð˸ð̫¡
ԥжǻڵ֮һҵ߹˾Ҫˣ±ڵҲ˲ˣͷܹ˵Լ㲻
ǣʤѷֵĽǰͻԷ˵ô
΢΢һЦֱӽ߹Լڵû֮ͳһ̤ǣֱӾ׷ȥܣŶûУ٣
һͺȣɫĳ٣̣ءĴ͸ӸɳΧ˸߹пߵ·ߣ˲£Ҫ߹С
߹ɫ䣺٣ܣôг٣
߹һãǰɫĳ٣ͷ·߸߰ĺɫߣ̷ţֻһ˲͵ԼߣȻס
һе̴壬ǰ΢΢һѣ΢΢һЩ٣Ȼϸ΢ѣֱá
ʵȴֻ΢΢һɨЩϸ΢ĸþͱһգǣ߹֪ʱѾƴʱˡ
ǰʹıʵ͵Ķ֣ԼЧȥ֮һϵѾֱӱҶڽ飬ʣµʵԭȵһٶʵͣһڣֻһ˵ǰɱ˶ᱦ֮׵˾⣬ӵһǾˡ
۶ʹһе׹⽣һ̳佣ֻ佣˲Ϊһ壬űסĸ߹ȥ
߹ңϢȻϵãûȭĽâ
ǿĽâʹȫʢʱһܽסھ͸ˡ
䣡
ʹ߹ƴһѣϵĳ飬ѪһҪߡ
һ㣬Ԥϵˣָֻһ㣬ԭΪһ佣˲룬߹ΧС
۶߹ҪΪΪˡЦ
ͲĹֶΣ߹ɫٴα仯һƬˢףΧЩƺն֮ĺɫ٣Ѫ֪һߵĻҲѾʧԷٶȣƺ졣
ƴˣ
Ȼ䣬ķ֪޷֮֮ɫͣãȻҪ˸ϾɱôͲҪˣ㲻һǾʹͬھ
ֻ߹һðӰȻҪһתʹ˵߹Ǳɣڸ߹ѾƴˣҲҪ汳
ͻ
ֻ佣֮Ȼɫϸ˿
߹ɫ䣺ȭ
ȭȴûжϸ˿κεӰ죬ǵû赲ϸ˿룬ϸ˿ơ
ۣ߹ֱ˲䱻жϡ
ϸ˿Ȼ޺ǱϾ߲۶Ĳÿһϸ˿൱һһ߹ʵȻһĶ֡
ϸ˿߹Χֻϸ˿֮ͻȻдѪҺѶ
ͷһ䣬⽣֮мĵϸ˿ɽ֮еˡ
ˣϧͲ֣ϣֻˣοǲͿɲǸг𲻱νӣȾѪֻѲ֪
ֻһ̣ԭѾ˵ˣʹ˱Ȫ
˵µʬ壬һ̲סһ¶ͷ亹һѪҲ̲ס˵ڵء
ʱŷԼ壬жأұۣȫϣսôõʱ䣬úֻ¾ʹ˷ȥҲǲܣãֻҪĵǿԻָġ
ľܴأԼεһײΪͻ۶ȫ˼ȱƸصö࣬ȻɲѪģ͵ǣֻҪһҩȴǱȻܹȬġ
ֱ۵ľƣȴҪһ˿޲˿Ҳģõ취¾֮ҩȴԼӿƵĻָʯ˵ָٶȻ졣
֪ʯ֮Ҳ᲻һƿһƿˡ


264 
ڵһսҲʮҾſգƲᣬǰһֱӲѹѪ飬Ȼʱ־йͬʱƣȻ鷳
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ҵȻشƫƧҲұ֤һûУղ˱ĴսϹڵʵȻ˵һУҲûҪðա
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ʱȻὲʲôս󣬲úòһ㣬ʵ˵ȥοЩϵĶǶˣԼûڰװ˷ˡ
ɫĵƿһɫᣬеԵ񳤽ȫͺ˻У֮⣬
ҲϸŲͼѵŲ£ſ˵ӣȫǲһϸϸ˺ۣ۾ôģԵĿֻ棬Ϊȥ֪޾
ϵĴȫ֮׹һʧ˰ݽ֮С
͵Ӱڰݽʱ˵Ŀⶼϡ
ʹӴ֮óǿսݽɽׯĳȷ֮͵ϴһȦҲζ֣ͨ֡
СӣһΪءһ͵ؿЦ
ЦЦ󡣡
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ǵʮ˸ݽ֮лûгǰ֮û˴űĻôֱԾͻǰ˵
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֮ǰΤʤͷԵõһǵһ˽˵֣Ӧǲˡ˵
ֵʿҲֻжʮˣһھռɼȷ˵ǲˡ
֣һȻȥˡ
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֮Ͳ۾ʯ֮ľѾѵҲõĲˡ
ֱʱͲл鿴ԼһսõսƷ
Щʮɫĸɫƿ߹һɫᣬϵһɫԼ˵ĸԱһɫĳһܳɫѣָ쳣ԼһСһɫ̵һԪͭ
оǴ޲Ϻҩ
Ƚ߹µӵıɨһȥͷϵˣûжãЩҲûһʺõġ
ССΪѪ桱СԪ;´һκ󣬾Ͱڵǿͭ׿ܣҲòϣϷռطԼ顣
Ǹ߹ǱɫƺǲͱȱºԥģһͰɫȡ˳ϰ
Զãһ֪ۼһһƷ
ϸɣεεϸı棬֯һӣһ沼һ㱡ı˪֮չϸâ˪֮
ڽβ֣ͷĸС׭֣˪
͵˵ͷ֪Ϊ˪˽ȻҲһűһټıԷ
һѼ亱ģԵŽףϵʮټģ֮ľˮУѰϵӦˮϵһ֧󣬼ֵҲöࡣ
뵽Ҳɵø̾Ȼڵӣ߹ҵǲơ
ԭħ֮оһС壬רɱ˶ᱦֹ˴ڻǾ۵һȻиֹ
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˪һ׵УģΪ˺ĹŬѪȻԹԣȴҷ
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Դ֮󣬸߹ʵȷɱԽһеӵӦ֡
ҲֻøƵѪȴòʵΪҪྡڿԷֵһ㶫ʱ򣬼ȴͣһʱ˴˼ȫ͡
õ˪ͼѾõ˸߹Ŭȫ
ϵȻòȴõõ
ôȥˣҲ֪ˡ΢΢̾˿
ٻӰ뵽ǸԼޱĶŮ͵˼ƮԶˡ
Ҳڻ֮Ӧȥˡ
Ը߹ѳǱصüΪܣ̲ᣬУֻһۣǰʱľһ
Ȿ̲ᣬصĲǱģǸ߹ӵУʮֶصĹİ޹
İ޹ħеĹһõ߹һֱŹصĺܺãʹǸҲֻ֪һŹ⹦֮ȴһŲ֪
߹Ҳǰʩչһ׹һʩչ˲ɱ
һͣǵûдٳɹһضøͣӵĲ˪İ޹ͶȡνѭӦˬ
İ޹ȷһϳ˵ĹмصһЩͨҲа
һͨһŸʵͨЧޣһʩչԲ֮ڵһһ֪
⻹ͨĵط޶һЩΣֱ
㷭˿ҪǴ˵ĸй٣ľȷԼʶһ޲죬ûз֮ǰǰ֪


265 Ҷ
һɣҲʮǿģȣɹ֮ߵĶĿԶˣľǿȷκΣգΧĻüΪС
УŵЩΣյĻУԵʮҪЩϢͨˣҲһ¾ˣֹˣȴҲú͵ϮһЩʮĹʽ
еʱһʵʱһʵ͵ĵ˷ǿʵ͵Ҫʱһ̣ܷ֣߻򻹻Ѿܡ
ǣ֡ȴģĸоһɲǼΣԵ⣬һйٵļӶǰΣգ֮˵һָӦ
һ磬ȻԾʵûʲôսеıȻȴһ˵ʵЧʮǿġ
ΣŹˣͬҲԶѰ˸ͻƿƿ
Ϊһ˵ĶĿľԶ˵ʱͱȳ˸׸оЩ˸оĶ׸֮ܵĸֹͽޡ
һֻ˵ǿˡۡȻȻһȷĵߣģģԼҲ֪Ϊʲôôߣ֪Ӧ
ŹʮַҪÿһ˼̵ʮּѣֻһۣ֪ȥձضܳɣֻʱѡ
Ҳѹ߹ܹʶϢһͨʲôܹĶĿ
Ȼ߹ûнһɣȻҲˣһ³
ݲݵķһ飬ڻǿʱ򣬹ǵֱԣʱ񲻶ǲʺϾȻҲֻ±룬ϣȴȻ֣Ȼмҳֽƺеֽҳ

ǰһһŹͿģ֮ǿȾתҪǿһҲǿŵףʩչ˹Ϊ½ǡ
ͿʼҲû뵽߹ȻܽϣҺͷ۶ŷΪʤӹһ٣ֽĿȻ£಻ɵһ󵨺
һļǴԺصǧҪ׳ԣֹ岢ûлֻʹóŻôصĺ
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ʹһΣҲֻܷ֢ҲӲجˣҲƴͬھŹӦñΪ֮вŶԡ
ܻùľôԣ¶Գ˼Ƭ̣˾ŽԼҲҪ
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͵Ŀ⼯Ĵ֮ϣƿͨĵҩһɫСᡣ
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˴ڵĽȻ˳˶Ϊ֮𾪣ӵڶ
ڻÿ˵õ˳򣬸ʮλʿƺţǵʮ˸ģȻʮ˺š
󣬰ݽɽׯĳϽʮƺŷŽһ֮Уȡƺų̨ͬ
ڽһţʮһ޺µķܡ
ݽɽׯǶţϾźħϯ˼
ϼڷţţħХ졣
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ΤʤţʮŴŵ졣
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ɲȵһ֣ĶǸŸɵı̨ϳʲộ޶
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ֵܹĶǷ֮ҲԼ״̬ѣӲ֮ĵֱԡ
峿еʿ콣ϣԭĮֻ̇ʣʮЩ̨ԭʮȻΪһֱԣݽɽׯҲ˲ٵĹ
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׹⽣һ̳ɫĽӭ˳¾
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266 ħ
䣡һ̨Ͷ̨֮ת˲㱻޾Ľâû
̨֮Ͻݺᣬػ̨ᵤʿɫеѿϵĶԾȻǸеһ˿ѹ
һ̨֮ϣѾʩչܽ󣬽ǧɽ̨֮ܽ
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ⷨҲֵܹĸ֣֮ܽ¾Ȼֲܼܡ
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ȡʤҲζŻʤֻҪһ㹦ˡӵ˵
޺⼸ȻչѸͣ¸ǳ˷࣬ܣȽܳӣΪ޺ý΢ɵĿҲֻзһˣϾҲһڻĵڶʮ֮ķҲ֪Ϊ˺ֵزԷ֮ܣػɲС鷳
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ػ󷨵Ľᵤʿ׼־ˡ
ӷ𣡡ܲܣϷʢ֮һӰ֡
ǷͨȻ֮ǰѾ޺µʩչɷʩչȻΪǿ
ֻⲻڷ˫΢ţܰڡ
飡ʱĽâѵ
ֻ⽣âת˲㽫ⲻȥǿĲֽͬһ˺ķ顣
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֣еĽ𽣾ȻֻһƷһЩ˲ŵĿеĽ𽣡
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ƾһ˼޻֮
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һ򷨣˵ľƽƽĽ޴ַһ֮˼ʹʲôͨһƳ
еļƷǱն
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ʮ֮ǰҿԺһսʮ֮ȴƵǱŵǣȻδȫ
Ҳ˼еİϾҲħϯǾѹŴ̨кĿħڵĵӡ
ķҲк֣ܶ䷨ҵ䷨
ֻ˼ͳһɫĳ鸴ӵĿⳤһۣҧҧĹעⳤ֮С
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ħɫӵĿⳤһۡ
ֻеûеһڴ˵֮еħΪһħƵʿ֣ճһħ֮˶ߣ֪٣һħҲһս֮жϳڣʧء
û뵽˼ϾȻħĲƬ
ħޱȣÿһζöȡѪҺȡѪҺԽ࣬ӳԽ
ʹǷȴѪħҲǷ֮еˡ
ĿһĻûдϵ˼
ħ𣿡¶һ˿Цݡ
Ҿһ㣡˼
ѪҺħ֮ϣһֻɺ۾
͵ϵ۾һ˼۾Ҳͨ죡
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˭Ҳ֣Ҿɱ˭һ
ۣɺħһɫĵâն
һеĽһâնɫĵâݺݵײһ
ȤɫĵâȻĽâɣ¶˷ܵЦݡ
ĶԺ䣬ɫĵâڴʱȻѹƳĽâ
̨µʿ̲ס̾˼Ȼͣ
Һһս˼˼άѾҡ
ħϵļȡϵѪҺʱ˼ɫ԰ףĵâȴһαһң
ˣħͻȻһζ֮ϾȻ˵ڶֻ۾
죬ֹһβǸħˣӶ̲סվ
ħǵԼıӱħˣǵķ֮˼ʲô˺
ȻӶʵģħ⣬ʹ֮ǶԴ˶ɵѡ
֮ĶԺԽԽңػ󷨵Ľᵤʿҽ֮սȻ˼ѹƣʼն治ɫеĽһâն
žеĽڼֲз顣
Ѿ𣿡૵
еĽ𽣣һӣһֲĽֱӽâ顣
ǡһ㶣ƺ뵽ʲôȴȷϡ
飡һâɫĵâն飬˼ֵħϣ
޴˲佫ħ˼ұһĴҲ漴Ľâնϣʧȥħ֧ţ˼ҲֲסһͷԵ̨֮ϡ
ʧѪټʹùȣ˼Ѿ
ټϱħȡ˴ľѪΪҲɼӰ졣


267 ν
ͨǽʽķ֮ؽţŽȴ³֮ʣǵȡĵһƹ⻪Ƴһƽ
¾ƳɵĽض콣޼᲻ݣﲻƣߴһЩܹնϣٶ죬ûŽٶȡһɱУת˲֮䣬ǧ֮ңҲ˲ɵ˵һɱС
еǣŽͬͨԶΪѣΪеһŽĲǽУķе¾Լ巢Ϊ¯ƹ⻪ʹ֮޼᲻ߣʹ֮һ콣ǧɱеĵز
ޱȣȣҪģƽԽ⣬Խ󣬲һһϦ֮пһ궼ûа취ɹʮ궼һóɡ
Σ⻹ҪĪҪ¹⻪ɽҪϵĴĥƽһĴĥʹ֮÷̺ıը֮ȶһƲסͻڷը˵Ķǵ֮ڸΪݲһ˺Ľвͻɾ޻ϡ飬Ӵ˳Ϊһˡ߻ħ壬ֱ
ԣûһƽȵġûܽʹơ콣ģʷҲûǳܲʹ࣬;ǵﱻ٣һΪϣˣֱӽ壬ƲסԼƳƽըƬʬ޴棡ɹģûм
ÿһΪ̥һţϢȫһ֮άԳһѭ֮Уͽɺ죬һûʲôĻԵҲûнĻˡ
ʿһѰػḶ́һɣʮʵҲӦʮҪﵽ̶ֳȣһֻԪӤǿ߲пһÿΪԪӤڵһܴﵽ˵ѣףѡ
ԽԽãЩ治ɣУˣдɾߣһҪͯʱʹ壬û֮һһպɾ͡
ԪӤ֮£ܹӵż붼룬˼Եˣպ󹦷ɣ˵д˻ͻƣˣֻں֮żǻû˵ԪӤ֮£֮ġ
ֽ֮콣ҪĹҪʤͬ׵ĺ콣ʮ֮ޣһߵ콣˲߻ٺ콣ֱӻɱ˵ı壬˽콣ķһԴԽɱжûпܣ
¾ȻصĽȻΪһ콣Ŀ䲻֮£ƽܻƸԼһ׵˵ķֱӽǻɱһĽ
ΪҲ֪ô˵ȻҪðޱȵΣգ֮ǣһɹʹǽᵤʿҲС
콣˵򵥣ȴɹʹ㾪ޣɾɣʷΪ콣ָʹ润ʢݣܹ콣һһ뢣綼Ҫεĳڡ
˵Ҳ࿴һۣһֱΪԼ߹û뵽ǵ͹֮Ƕ޷һǰ㣬ȴһڵСգҴĥ˽콣ΪǿĽѹھӵ콣˵ɱУʹǽᵤʿҲҪη֡
νһ˿ɫ
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ҵǺڴһսгս⡣
ͬϹŽޣԼĽģټĽ֣Ȼν
Ҳ츳֮һ֮۲ɢֱʮ֮ʱڰݽɽׯ֮õһ콣Եɺ֮⽣ȻԼڵ֮ںϣ֮⻪۳
ھ֮콣ûκε谭ߵ콣Ȼͱ׵ˡ
ֹˣڳ֮ʱǵõϹŽ޵ĴУǡϹŽҲ콣֮ˣǸĸ򣬹콣պ·ǳ
ν콣ĸ߲ΣƻǿֻҪԸ⣬նĽâӰΣȡ׼ת˲ѡ
ֱֳҪԼĽâǿʵ
صĺ¶´Ӵѳɡε̾˿
ħڵŸңǿƣȻ콣ʹƴźͰݽɽׯ׷Ҳ޷ɱ
˵ǰ㣬Ӵѳɣ˶޷ת
Щ֪Եʵ˶ֻ΢΢̾˿һǵˣû˿ܴ콣ʹձΤʤҲС
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͸Ǵӳ¾Ľ֮ʶĲ㣬ԭȳ¾ѹͣǴŴűѹƳ¾
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飡¾û뵽͵ı֮죬⧲֮³һ
Ϊýֵһ£ⲻ֪һ󣬳¾ֵıϾȻնһȱڣ
¾ɫһ䣬еıǼƷ;ȻȻһȱڡ
¾Ҳʹѣ˴˽Ҫ½ˡ
ұ¾һ


268 
ű˶Уʹ¾Ϊ𽣵ӣҲֻмƷˣڱȥһβʹ
ֻ¾һ´һɫС͵Ĵ͡
ͲܣɳĵɫСΧġ
ɫСڳ¾ָͻǶ¡

ɫĽڳ¾Χըף˲佣ݺᣬ̨ǿĽ֣
ҮӮˣӮˣСѩ̲ס˳
ۣһɫĽâȻ˳
ǡ
裡˵ɫ䡣
裬ҲǽᵤʿƵıâһöԲ֮Уؼʱ̱벻Чڷ֮ϡ
ӣ㡭˲ŭ
Ȼûȷ涨ʹֶǽ֮ͬѰʿϼǱľ档
ʹǽᵤʿ⧲֮ҲҪУ
ӣһ˵˺
ЦһˣҲǻá
̨֮ϵҲʶɫĽâͬСɣԲԳ¾Ϊյġ
ͻȻ壬⽣âȻǿǻûеֲɵֵĵز
ת۶
Ȼ䣬ϵѾ߽ӽڽᵤʿе׹⽣һ̳ɫɫƷͽһɫĽâΧУһɫϸ˿ɫĽâ
һû뵽ԼƵĽ边Ȼÿ𽣵϶һöƵĽ裬һǿб裬еĽâնɱᵤµʿȴû뵽;ȻĽ
ɫϸ˿Χ£һɫĽâȻһһСϵĻζİ
˴ϲصֶǲȻ趼ܽ¡
ƣʳָһ㣬ɫ֮ϸ˿ðɫâΧܲ͸磬¾Ҳ뵽˰ΧȦ֮С
ɫ䣺ӸҶ
𽣵ӿǰݽɽׯı֮ǰϹѾϵˣʧһݽɽׯֹɨأʧһδĽᵤϣ䲻
ֹӴ
̨µᵤϵ˵ͷҪȥ󷨽¾ȳ
˭֪Ϸͻ䣬̨֮ƮһѪ
㡭㡭ľҪֽնɱ
ԭڽһɲǣɫϸ˿͸˳¾壬ж˳¾ȫľȻûɱ¾Ǵʱĳ¾ѾǷһҩһ޷档
Ҳѹͻ´˺֣ոһɫĽâԽʿնɱΪҪһâޣȻ¾ɱ֮ģôȻҲḾ֮ʡ
ҰݽɽׯӣҪᣡһնֲ˲佫ѹƵĶá
⽣ȻǽᵤʿԪӤʧܣʹΪҪͨᵤʿǿϲ١
ǱֲĽâУ͵³ֻзǣ
ӣңһֻڵĵ¯ȻŴ󣬽һâɡ
϶ѵҪƫ̻ӣӴһ
˵嵲֮ǰӣҲ˵̨֮ϻˣҲǻãѲ仰ֻڱɵӣݽɽׯѲݽɽׯĵˣҵڵĵӾͲˣ
ݽɽׯȻǿƣǵҲģһΪĵסôҲͷˡ
㡭϶ĺҰݽɽׯȥĶˡ
ЦһĵѽԿ̨֤֮죬ǹأѲƻڻĹأ
㡭Ӷʱƿԡ
ڻĹѹʹòɵݽɽׯΪڻ췽ǵһһж˿ţһʧʣɶ۷׷ףʱݽɽׯ澡ʧڰݽɽׯûһ˿ĺô
ߣͬ˵ĳ¾ߣ֮ǰһۣгɱ
̫³çˡҡҡͷ
ͿЦһҷһĻڱɷ˵Ŀ¾ˡ
ǾǣǸ¾ԣҲǻáСѩ˵
ѽˣһ֮Ҳò֣ҲֻȰסˣƢɲãҹɱ㶼пܡ΢΢̾˿
ߣȥΤʤͷģǵս϶Ҳܺÿ
͵˵ͷΤʤ˵ʵǿɽľ֣Τʤб֮ͬк֡
ˣ̨֮ϣΤʤеŽϣһϬĽâնŵĵȫȭͷһâⵥĽղѾ൱ߵĲΣȻƾֿΤʤĽâ
ⵥɡ͵˵
ô֪Сѩʵ
ЦЦΤʤıûʹǿһŽ͵ţҶԺôΣȭͷѾԲˣÿһνΤʤĽâһϸ΢ȭĶ
Сѩ˵Ĺ۲죬͵֮¹Ȼ쳣Ȼһϸ΢ĶȴζŵѾ֧ŲסˣΤʤĽâѾĳܷΧ
ȥʮ֮ⵥذɡ
ĵɣȥذɡΤʤ˵
΢΢һЦΤʤȻ鴫
ֻһ´һɫĳУ
ڽ𣬺ôֱʣȻȫڽƳɵģӵ²˰ɣҲֻдŵЩ˲õСѩȵ˵
СӦúϲһӡ뵽
ڽƷǺܸߣǼƷˣȻûоʲôƣֻǲݲݽ˹ӵӡ
û˸Сڽڽ𱾾Ǽ᲻ɴݣڴʿиܷӳֲһȥûжܹܵס
ΤʤĽâڽû˿ĺۼ
ڽΤʤĽâƷжϣȻûһ˿ĺۼʹΤʤûгȫҲ㹻˵ˡ
ͨڽŻǲƴְЦ
ӦǺ彻ģҲֻŻ˶ڽ𡣡Сѩ˵
壬ʿǺƲ𣿡һ㶡
Сѩ̲סһۣ˵Ǳ㻹ǱʿȻԸǻǻụͨޣʿṩҩǾṩЩϡ
Ȼʿ֮ĹϵҲǵɱϵ֮Ĺϵ۸ӡ
壬ʱҲȥ￴뵽
ҪɾҪϣȱľЩ


269 
ڽĵ죬ÿһжǴ󿪴ϣһڽĻ磬һʱ֮侹ȻΤʤĲ¡
ҲɵĶⵥĹ̾ΪֹܹΤʤⵥҲʵ򵥰
շħһ
ֻعӰΤʤУΤʤζӰӰΣһʱ֮ΤʤȻѹ
ⵥǿʵʹ󾪡
Ȼ˼ƾʲôϴŵϯأĽշħÿһжʹ֮Ҳܹ⡣Сѩ˵
عӰȻܹΤʤѹȥⵥȻǷͬ졣
úãΤʤ¶һ˿ս⡣
һŽ诣֮ǰལһµ󷨣ɲǼǧâк£ÿһâӭ˹Ӱ
䣡
̨֮ϱըϣŽɵ󷨾һ߽ⵥֻбɱķˡ
Τʤһ䣬һӨĽâ͸عӰֱ˵ؿڡ
ֻͭɫƤϱ˺һӡ
ղ˲㱻ȥ
춼ΪԼǱ˭û뵽ΤʤȻâջأ˵һ
ʤߣΤʤ
쳯Τʤ˹֣л顣
ΤʤʱջؽâʱĵѾһ
Τʤ΢΢˵ͷŽ뿪̨
Τʤʤ˿⣬Τʤ˴δǰ֮Уͽ֮⺱ܹ棬ʹʵ֮Ҳûа˵ܹΤʤһϸ¡
˺̨ϵķ̫еľ̨֮ϲǶħڵԳʣһΪСʹ˼ҲֻЩ΢Ĳࡣ
ħڵԳʾȻǺıڱϵƿس뻯Ȼѹס˾֮еľ
űǿҲҪӦΪ߶ܹӹűɵѾǼޡ
ʱ̨ѾԳʵıǣ̨֮ȫ˺ı㣬ΨһûнҲֻзΧһ֮أƾžֵĻֵס⺮
ǷҲֻʱˣ̨Գʵƿ֮£ûлᡣ
ڼһ֮󣬳ܣ϶һıǣ̨ϵĽᵤʿʱ֣·Ҫһˡ
ܶ˵Ҳһ⣬˵ʵʹԳΪҲӦ׵ʤӵоֵķԳʵıǿƺеˡ
ǧ𣿡üͷ
Ҳֻǧǲܽʿı̶ֳȡ
ߺ̨ϵľҲһ浹ĵز޺µķֻǵţͽݽɽׯ׵Ľâȫֵ⣬Ͻڶʵչ¶ţʹǽ𽣵Ҳֲʲôô
չױķУɳ̨
ʤߣ޺·ࡣ
ӵɫѾޱȣݽɽׯˣ֮⣬Ȼȫܡ
ź̨֮ϵ˾ͽưϼڿع֣֮⿵عȻŮǵտϼ־ͨ⿵عǽ÷ӵ˼£һͷķǻױٻʮױһĹ˾ͽƾͱع̨
Ϳ⿵عսʽضΪ֪ʱҲսʽֱΪټϱû÷ԵС
ϼڵһӷûôõˣħڵХ죬Ѫ֮Ȼ˵ⷽһֱ֮Хӳ̨
ǧڴħɽ֮սԵùƽһʼɽ˴Ļþ֮УһյĹ㱻ܡ
Ҳ˼ʶħ֮ǧڵʵǧãþ֮԰ΣǧȻûħôֲҲС
ĺ̨֮ϵıԿ˵ǳʱһǧڵ޳ɿѪɱڵĹ죬߽һʱڷֳʤչƿ޳ɿĻ
ʮ̨֮Уʤѷֵ֣ѡҲʹȷ
ڽݽɽׯΤʤͣϼڿعħХ죬ħԳʣǧڴ࣬Ѫɱڹ죬޺·ࡣ
ȻǽԴϲͺͽƥڵĲٺڵĺˡ
ڣ֮ǰû֪ɣǽܽ˶ʶɵĲ
֮ǰƾ˵ߣ֮ǰ˸Ͳ֪ôһˡ
콣Ϳе΢̾˿
˸ϣڽּ˵ϣ˻ϼһȦʾ֣ء
ʵͿϵʱҲһȻ콣
ھת֮Ҳ콣֮ȴ׳ԣתΪӶ۽һ쳣
Ȼܹ콣ѹܳΪݵһʹǵű䡶ת콣ҲƳ籸콣¸ǿԽ׳νɱ֮С
ǿʲôزвɵ뵽
콣ʿʷ϶ֻˣԺԵ˵ֻҪزۣպضܳΪ춯صĴ
ţͻȻȤ顣
˵֮Уʱ˼֮ս¼˼ϵѪɫ;ޱȵϤ
ħ૵
ڴ֮еĻѪȡ˳⻯ѪԭֻеĽ޵ȫѪ֮ڵĵ˼еħҲֻеûеҶҲҪȡϵľѪѲ֮ʲôϵɣ
ʹ֮ϵҲܹŪĶ˼֮ħ㱻ħȥһħ϶ᶫͿɻû浽ֵز
ڽܽҲǾ̾ѣ˵˴δ˭ܺһϸ£ҲֻнΤʤˣһϹŵһɱɽһ˱˽Կɺ콣һ
ͲɵĽĿˡתе콣ƪϣȻᵤԲͻǰβסĵ뷨Ҫ콣
ʶ콣˵֮η
Ͳ֪콣֮ǻ˵ƫƫ⡶ת֮ϸļ콣֮ǽᵤʿҲ˷ðһԣο͡
ֿʼһһµʱ䣬һ֮н콣۳ɹֻ۳һ̥ʵҲһ
ҧҧǴֵıҲҪ콣ɣѾʸ֮ģûмֱֶΣһݽɽׯҪҵˡ
ԴУһʹʧܣƾеʯҲ֮ݡ
¶֮ͱһĽƴ򿪣תԼ״̬ѡ


270 
Ϳʼ˴һֱڶ죬³ҹ٣ͲŴӴĵһԾ±þڣָѵ״̬
ʱ³֮ʱͷʼ˵ķʼɣϢ侫
һʱȥˣʱȥˣ͵ûһ㶯֮⻪ҲûһҪӣ֪ãʱѵʱѾȥֹͣ»ľٶʼԼ
һʱܿȥڶܿ١̫⣬ؼĵһƹԡ
ӭ⣬ٴοʼ콣еķһյĲ»̫һʼʱ򣬺һʲôҲûеõôôɣͷ̫Ȼһǹ⻪ûҪֵӣ̫пգѾ˳֮޵ʱ
Ȼ䣬һƳɫ̫⻪䵽ϵǧ⻪֮дһ˲䱻У³͵֮УһƳɫͷ˿һĹâ
ƹâϱ仯Ťıѹơڣƹ⻪һѳ𽣵ģѳɫСɢһ͵ȫ֮ůģͬͻȻʳʲô󲹵֮
عâһɢҲ޷աһ㵽ͷ˵һ˵һƵ̫˽â
ʱ֣¶ٴϥɣʼ»ȫ߷ɹôҲ޷ıǵĹ켣ʱĹȥȻһɫ֮»֮зֳһ羨һ㣬˲뵽͵ĵ֮У͵֮ڣֶһ⻪һΣ⻪ɫġ⣬ޱȡ
ʱ佥ȥһϵʱ䣬Ҳûɵڶ֮Ѿ
û뵽죬ԼȺɵһһ¾ʱʼתǡںϡһƽâʱˡ
ΪΣյʱ򡣺쵽ɱ䣬ô򵥵ģʮа˳ɵˣת档
Ȼ壬ʼ֮໥תȡƳɫ̫ΪģȻ󣬽ɫ֮ס̫Ȼʼѹ
ʼʱɫ֮Ҳ޷Ƴɫ̫͵֮ȥƤޱȣôҲ޷׽Ͳ٣ʮ֮£һżȻ׽ȻҵķǺãٲſȻ󣬽Ƕڵģһ̫ϸȻ󣬽֮˹ȥ֮ʼҵķ飬Ť
;õ֮оʹޱȣ·Ҫըһ㡣
飡һ͵ͻȻ͵ĵ
ʹϲȻЩŵȻܰѹ¾
ѹסڣ߿ʱһ֮УͬιС쫷硣߼ҵĳͻѱͰΧ˺ʮϣ͵ĵһ˲Ҫɱ֮ݻ٣
ǣûˡѷУޱȣıըһȥƹ⻪ôҲ޷ѣľʳ֮ƾƺƣʼ
˫ѹ֮£žڰ
ΪԷһͻ֮нںϣ˴Ļʹѹ¾ҲҪķѲٵĹ
ȻʼѹȦӽһƾԴĿռԽԽ󲻵òһ𣬽త
Ȼһα֮䱬˾ҵĳͻһ޼᲻ߵĽʼ͵Ҫɢ͵ľʱ·иϣʱɢһɫƬֱ֮ɫĹ⻪ϱ仯ߴΣӳɫΪɫɫΪɫתٶԽԽ죬Ͷͷʼ»ƶĺ顣
ҧ̣ڽ˺Ѿ걻һиʹ࣬ʱ֪Ϊʲô콣ˣûмˣʹ֮дסˡ
һʱ֮󣬹âɢ͵ĵ֮УѾѹ˼Ȼ䡱һ졣·ʲôըڵҲƲסһɢ͵ĵ֮УһɫмһСɢ⣬Ľϵķɢ֮УһĽʹһ˹ȥ
ͻ֮ʱ֮еһ֣ס͵ȫŲڱ⽣飬һİ£ŰĽƽȣĸ͵ĵ֮С
ʱ͵ĵ֮Ѿ˸ı䣬һС鲻ϵţڵ·ɫƽ⣬ɫ룬һɫмгСš
Ҳ֪˶ãƵ˹ֻоȫʹʹһʹæʼӣ־ȫֻǾǲʱĴһʹ֮Уϸ֮¡׹ʹԭȫΪ֮ϣʱıһâɢʹ
Ϳʼ쿴ȻͿǵڵУâһһ֮䣬ԼҪһ֮ʹɫСˣѹ⡰콣ԼӣӦѹɹˣԵ̫Ե֮Ѿϱ¾
۳콣ֻǧϵĴ¾׳ҲԽԽ
ǣȴȻʹࡣÿ춼Ҫٴʹ࣬ҲҪĥ裬ûмܼʹƺһһ֪ʱǸͷս֮УͻȻһʹǻᷢʲôͲ
֥콣Ȼͨܳܵ˵ģŨͨʮ֮ߣ߶Ũӵµƻ֮Կ޼᲻ߣڲһʿ
ʵ̫ͣѹƲסڻǸոγɵĽ׶Ρպˣľɵƻֻοѹʹ˺Լֻջ۵÷ӹ桢ºѱʹóʱ򣬲űֱѣԣǡ콣ɣֻҪ೤ʱ䣬޾ʹൽʲôʱͲ֪ÿ˵һÿҪֵʱҲͲһ
ʱҲû˰취һڡѾ޷ˣֻаպĹȡºͣ͡˾ڶʱڡҪĽʹˡ֪δػ¶
Ȼãһʧڽĺܳһʱڡƽʱսֻó߷ʱҪֱԼĵȻ룬Ȼ򲻵֮£һ߷ҲԷӳֲʵᵤʿ֮¶նɱֻǡʹࡣͬڸҪذٱºûһκܳʱ޸ֻͶָ
бףѾ·ˣֻмȥ
ûע⵽ǣڱϣһ˿ɫ˵ɫС֮ϣмһɫϸϳ˵ɫ


271 
۳һ콣֮󣬽ͼ򵥶ˡ
ÿ춼³֮ʱ¾ڣ뵽һɫĽâ֮ϣȻ󲻶ϵѹۣøʵɫ䡣
һΣֻӳһâȻһƷжϣһʹϲѣô۳һ콣Ȼֵ
Ȼʱж̣ϻԶԶȴһõĿˣʹúķ콣һ͵սɱƴĻԺһ
ܵ콣ǿ֮ҲΪΡת֮л콣Ƴ籸ˣᵤʿҪĽͨһЩԪӤʿδա
İԼ֪ԼǷܹŹ˲䡣
ÿսٴεĽ֮ࡣҲͳ˿ͷ֮˹˵־ֻ´ʱ֧ŲȥˡɹЩУųɾž棬ֻȼ˲ܰȥ
֮ͳȥ˷ݵĽƣ߳˽ϼ塣
콣Сɵͬһı
ڸʲôСѩͳأı͵ǰ
żи򡣡ЦЦ
ţ콣֮ϱĿ̲ס۾ĿڵĽϼ塣
콣Ȼ콣⽣̫Сֵһᡣ漴±۾ʼ
ǿʶͻһ顣
ոյһɲǣ;ͬڱ֮һ㣬˾ĺΧ塣
ʹ͵ʶǿڳˣǺ֮仹кܴĲࡣ
ѹ˵Ѿ̤˽ᵤڣΪֻҪԸܽᵤɡа̾һ



СѩĿŷ㶵ͣһ͵Сȶϡ
˻СϵʹͲɵõһ
С㣬ôˣε˵
Сѩɵľ˾죺㻹ûлشҵأǲʲôĹ
ͷһɫӵĿСѩ֪̫ˣҪɱڡ
Уүү˵ˣڷ֮п϶ʲôǿĹԽҲҪ㡣Сѩͷ˵
үүһ㶡
ȻһֱСѩүүߣȴûм˶Сѩ˳ķϣԿСѩүүݾԲ򵥡
԰үүˣֱס˽ϼ֮ССѩЦĿ͡
үү֪ڸʲô̲סʵ
Լܱ˿Ļع⻹Ҫذٱشû͵֮ء
үүүүҲ˵ֻǽҲҪȥ㡣Сѩ졣
ԽĲСѩĪүүѹܴ
ˣүүھڽϼϣҪҪȥСѩĿ͡
ͷһݣˣˣһǲȥˡ
СѣɡͻȻ͵Ժ֮дһ
ɫһ䣬Ȼͣȴ޷ܡ
ֻ֮øСѩչת֮һľ¥֮С
͡ϷߵĿ͡
һ仰ͱ˿ֲѹʦߵǰӤ硣
ԪӤʿ;úɣҲֻд˵еԪӤʿ˿ֲʵ
үүͲҪˣһСѩ§ߵĲӽ˵
΢΢һЦúúã˵ʲôʲôɡ
ܲ𣬼ʹϷҲҲΪƵ˾ߵ˵
ͿЦһⲢԸ
ΣϾҵڵӣҵԻȫ֮ĪҪᣬϷΪ㵲¡Ц
ǡ
ͻ˵ʲôȴ߸ˣϷΪݻ˵ϻϷɷģϷҲһ޵ĵ뿪ҵڡ
ޣԳЦһ
Լˣѹ㲻ϣͨ㲻ϡ
ĪҪԷƱҵһ֮УܹʤҲֻˣ˶콣ġĿһۡ
һޱȾĿߣԼ콣Ҳˣ߾ȻѾ֪
߿һľЦЦҲþȣ콣ɣʹҪԻЩʵ֮˶
ô˵ͲɵһΪ߽е鶼ˡ
ţԺ鷳ɼƣһųʹǽᵤʿҲҪޡ߽һöڵƽ͡
桰ԵøĿ
лǰаϲ
ԪӤʿıﰡʹһҲǽᵤʿֵܹġ
ţȥɣ֮ıԣҺڴĪҪҶЦ
͵˵ͷΪ
˳֮簮СѩıӣˣүүҿǴѪˡ
ߣһʲôϡġСѩΪȻ˵
ӣСѩô˵εĿЦһ
Сѩ§ߵĲӣүүˣүүõүү
⻹࣡ĵ˵ͷ
߲ɵĿ콣壺ʱͼһˣ
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СĵĽװ֮ͱ㿪ʼս֮ǰҪԼĵ״̬
֮У͵֮еɫâԽâмɫϸһĨɫԽѾϽתơ
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ͶԴҲɻѣҵɫâûʲô֮ҲУֻҪԼûкͿˡ
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272 
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ΪĺѣЩʵкγȻǺȤĶеŮʮ֮ҲֻпعʹŮ֮
һȺ֮ŮӣҲһЩʿǰһ
⿵عֵܹ֣ʵҲҲܱƳĵҲ˵
ӿս񣬽Ƕܽ㽫жֻܣҲ֪⽣ʲôľѧ
ʼŽᵤʿһ£̨֮һɫĹĻס̨
عһѷ붼ǶƷǶƷɲǼ̨֮ϱ㻯ΪһƬ𺣣쫷Űƣһֱƽ⿵عȻڽ֮δ֮ʱͽܡ
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ΤʤսħԳʣԳǺıϵĺɭȻޱȣ߾ֵķ£ΤʤһսҲΪѩ֮ġ


273 ̰ɱ
ԳߺıǧǷ亮ֲ֮ľֶܱѹƣɼһ㡣
ǧһּ亱ϣֻ֮вŻôһ㣬ƱϵõĲ֮һ
Գһ̨̨֮ϾͱһɺΧ̨µͶɵĴһ
һɺڿΤʤһҵĵط޷ǰֺƺһڵֵ⺮һ㡣
Գɫɵ˼֣˲ɫͽĺ赲ˣǵһΤʤҪȷѶԸĶࡣ
ʼһλᵤʿ˵
ڽᵤʿһ˲䣬Τʤ͵һĴŽһƷͣסԳʵ·
࣬ᣬΤʤʦһɵһ
ԷסԼ·Գһ˫ƳһɭȻĺ˫ðԳΪģ̨֮ϾȻһıЩһγһǽ
ֻڿǽʱͱֲĺӰ죬ƴϱǽʱԭһ룬ǽǽϴһӣ֮Ϊ̡
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ǧǵ𣿡̨µ΢΢̾˿
ԳҲ֪ŪһǧǣֲĺʹǱʿҲ״ԳܹǧǣʵǸԵ
ǧǼΪᵤʿƱϵʱ򶼻ǧټѰǧǣ÷
һ㹻ǧֱӿƳһ
֣Գһ
˫һӣֻٱڿᣬű֮һžݣвɵһҪǱЩָˣҪʬˡ
ٱΤʤһЦָһ㣬ֻ࣬诣֮һٽâӭԳʵı֡飡âͱڿײı
֮ͻȻһ졣


ԽԽ٣˵߶̨ϵıڵͲ̨֪Ϸʲô
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ħЦЦԳʵǧѾɣʵ˼ҪǿһЩΤʤҲʡ͵ĵƣ߽ҲֻǳԳʵĵҲûгⳡս治˵
ᣡֻԳͻȻԳʵȻҲһֱһֱϵţʱпܼ
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Գüͷһ壬ǻǵ˵ͷ
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ۣСѩѧŷӣ̲סЦ˳
΢΢һЦʩǺԣҷضʡ
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һ˲ɫѿҲûϵɫ˵ͱֽⱬը֮±ըҡҡ׹ʱѵ˲ѹֽ⣡


274 ն
ӷ𡣡ΣңͺһţһȻֵס͵ƣ
йȻ򵥣Ͱ̾һ
е׹⽣һɫĽâնֱࡣ
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ʹ󾪣æӶ׹⽣ֵ


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ʹڵΤʤڵĽڣЩҲδĶ֣ʣµڽӵ


275 ս
ݽɽׯ֮ħХǧڴ֮սνĿϴǧ̨֮ϴһʼͳ˻ͻ䡣
ڰݽɽׯ֮⣬ͳһʿĿŰݽɽׯڵķ
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ϾһֵĶֶͬѰ֪ӵеܽҲɱ񣬷ɱԺΤʤı࿹⡣
ʹ۵ĴҲǾͨХɷǶ³ԿŮӵʵҲС
ͷǳ֮ûصһȻ𣬵Ϊޣ𷢻ӵޣû콣Ļ֮һˡ
ϣʮ֮ĶֲҪͲɵĶ
ʱⶫԽҪܿĳˣʱƫƫϡ
֮󣬵սбʱ˶͡
һǲȡĻս˻ͬʱվ̨֮ϣ˭£˭ǹھ
ֱ͵ϻһۣҲζһ֮УҪĿ͡
ԴҲֻܿЦһҲֻһһˣΣĻԼ̨Ҳһѡ񣬽ƷˣϾҲֻ֮Ҫ
һΪɾ͵̣û˻Ϊֵܹ³
򲻹ǸĻóүүƣһܴСѩĴյ͵Ķ˵
ͿЦһ̺ԪӤʿĹĪ˵ǿҲӲӣԸδҲ̫ˣҲһֱԣ˷Ķ
һö൱ԪӤʿγ֣ŵ±ȷҪ󼸷̨֣ʹδ̫ˡ
Ͷôû𣿾Ҵ򲻹һܣ̨ôҪץסһҪһֽŵġЦ
ҵˣһˡСѩЦ˵
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ΤʤֱӽĿ˽ϣԭͬԽĸΤʤ뿴ıǿǽܽ
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276 һս
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ֻƳ˴һۣ漴㲻ٿ
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˲䣬͵һɫĽâмֻһâһΪģ˳ˡ
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Τʤһ׷׼ܽͱལ漴նһ˶ĽâĽâͬھ
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ܺãΤʤҾ㵱ճŵıҲѹΪһսΤʤ˵
ԸΤʤСһֻ̨߽֮һǣ֮ߵ⻪ע߽֮Уֻ߽ڿںϡ
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ܽĽ֮⣬෨ѣΤʤеľӨСҲһȱڣʧȥ˱֮һСҲ漴ʧΤʤС
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ʮʱ䣬֮ĲǵûСˣΤʤ˵һ޴ĴΤʤҲͨˣ֮ܿлָ̨߽
Τʤʦ֣ˡڵĵӶĿΤʤ
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ά󷨵Ľᵤʿ˵νޱȣĻδػâǴʱֻƴά󷨣âѾܳܵķΧ
ˣһᵤʿ
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λά󷨵Ľᵤʿһʮ֮⡣
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ۣͽ˼Ҳ̲סһѪ
ϵĵһ㣬ּڡ
սҵ䣡һ㽫ٴγһ㡣
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ȻӮˣǽȴ˲Ͼӣ콣嶼ٵһͿȻûвһɵ棬˴ȻޱȣǴĻصĵӣԽӾͽеζƵϣͽѾɱġ


277 ݽĩ
֮Ļ˵һǻ˵ڶΤʤе͵
ǰҲζŽôĽƷ˴ڻĽƷҲǷ
֮ǰǰʮʿǵõĶĽҩҩӦоУǵõһöϱѡ
ĴõһƿɶĵƷҩһƿ˶صˣֻҪһɶĵɻס
ɶĵһΪȻ߸ΣɫƷͣɫߣɶĵ֮УɫһɫϵˣƷʵĶɶĵҲټ
ĽԵڣҲֻеͣһóɶĵ
ͿƿɶĵҲһĽڵʵҲƷҩõĻҲһƷҩǳɹһɶƷҩǲˣֽ׶εΪե˸Ҳδһ¯Ʒҩ
ɶĵҲǵǧղصĽƷҩôƵģʹƳɹɶĵ඼ǳȻΪܴﵽɫɫѾܿɹеļҲֻʦᵽ
ĽĽϾǱ֮ҽǵĽ˷񣬸˵ǽļˡ
ڻΤʤƷն
λᵤϽն֮ʱһƺһֱն⽱ʵ̫ˡ
ǽᵤʿı͹űͬǣܱڣʿѡһΪıڵʱԽⷨҲԽ
ΤʤѾһֻ̤ᵤڵˣնҲõϣҿնƷ֪ǷƷٱ֮ǰȡལҪǿ̫ˡ
Τʤǽޣ˴νθڣնףı
ȻΤʤһױལֻǹűǷԶնΤʤҲǰ֡
ڻűǧط壡
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ڽĽ˵űԵ̫ˣԸΤʤһڻĽ˵ͻģԴ˽Ҳֻ΢ҡҡͷ
ڻڶͣȡ
Ҳ֪Ǹÿ޻ǸЦˣȣܹڶĽضһ׵ķӦÿġ
ͺͽΤʤЩŲһǽᵤǰ϶飬ʱѣΤʤѹԼΪᵤڣ⽣Ҳ˶١
أλҪᵤǲܵ飬һҲ֪Ҫ²ϣԸͽеǧط廻һ£ȻʿܷӹűȫܣǺôҲʹð
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Ʒ಻׵ֻӲͷƤˣҲͿռ𵤵Ĳϣȡͻƽᵤˡ
ڻһ̫׽
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콣š̫׽ʵӿֲ
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ݽɽׯͼȮʿо͸˴Բѣ
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Ȼ˸ڰݽɽׯǰҰǲ˲ʮλݽɽׯᵤϽɽ֮У󷨣ʮλᵤʿļ룬ɽһʱ֮侹ȻѹסЩͳһװʿ
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˵һ飬ͼ¼ȻݽɽׯӴšл߽˰ݽɽׯ
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μڻҲ£һ۾ܿݽɽׯõһ˲õĶ˵ע⣬Ż˴
˵ֻһ˺Ͱݽɽׯ֮飬ǲò룬ҲûбҪ룬ݽɽׯû˿ĹϵǽƣЩû侮ʯѾǲˡ
ݽɽׯҪսɽ֮ʱˣʱܹжҲǽһˣҪ赲֮Ľᵤʿǲ֮£ټԪӤʿ壬Ҷ
һЩݽɽׯĵʵǿȥϾʮĵطĿƻЩӽǳԼķûзͱʮâᴩࡣ
ʿǽᵤʿĶ֣
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278 Ѫħ
һŵһλӱ⴩Ķ
ߣ
һ̹ǵߣ˵Ķϣ˵ɫһףֱӰȾܣҲûκδֵˣ֪еʱ򣬹⿴֣ҲҪģһǵӾӡ
˵Ļ˶ţ˵ó϶õһյʱ֮ڣûߣֻһ̣Ļɱ䣬ɱѪɺӣһ˶ڴ˵صȻΪ棬ǣٺҲУûʲôȥ档
һ˿ͷ˵ĵʱǻȻǺǱͻһƬǽ壬Щʵǿˣǰ·һǴгʱ˵ز𣬰ݽɽׯУһʱ䣬ҰˣҪôɱҪô̤˳ӳˣʮ֮߰ˣ㻹һɵˣһҵС
ͣһ֮䣬Ѿܵ˳ɢֻʣһˣ֮УǰɽҰ˺͵ʱȥѰҵʿ˼һͻΧ˳ȥʵҲҴⳡ֣¿ȱҪ
ȻʿˣȵȺ֮Ծǰȴûбһײܿ죬ͳȺһȽϻĵط˳
䣬䡭ٽﵹЩ˿֮УµĶһűݻ٣һʱ䣬ݽɽׯУ̳ɸߣһƬĩѵľݽɽׯгĽһ֮Уױٳ˷档
Ʒ̨ˡҵˡؽ¥ˡرѪȾ죬ϵʬ壬ˮ֮ϣЩʮľ£ȫһƬǽ壬ٲչʡ
ݽɽׯضĽЩĵҪô񣬶ЩԵģԶɳһʱ䣬ݽɽׯУ磬˱⴩ҽеأҲ˼һȡЩȻߡ
ͣⳡҵУһĻֻܵ̾һȻ䣬ſʯУٴζߣ;УֱɣԶǱһ·ϣȻռʮɫҲûʱϸֻ߲ܣһ·ӣ֮ܿ⡣
ޱȵķİݽɽׯƬ֮䣬ˣ̳䣬һ
ݽɽׯվУĬĬĴһĻʹѪ˫ָȻ
˿˿Ѫ֮£ԵôĿ
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úһ䣬ݽɽׯĻҵһۣϾԻ棬ٹȻΪģȴЩ˿Щɽ̰֮֮ģٵġ
ݽɽׯǧ֮أʮһ̣ϴٵĲƻ֮˭Ҳ˭㿴ݽɽׯҲûˣҲܰԼô
¾ǽҹݽɽׯͦҲԪˣҪָҲҪ֮ˡǴ֮г
ٰݽɽׯŮӣݣ̲סһ£ЩеӣԼʦÿ۾Ҳ̲ס죬ᡣ
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ˣǰɽ֮зһ󷨰Χĵطͼ¼УһᵤʿͻȻ
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вɵĿ˽һۣƺܽţ㲻˵㲻֪ͼ¼𣿡
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ֻǿЩһۣ˽ӿеĽڣ
ڣļλᵤʿͻȻͷһݡ
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ݽɽׯ˾˰ɣͼ¼ɡеĿǰϿѪߡ
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Ѫħþûˣ˻ѪߵһЦһգѪħС
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Ѫħܺãû뵽ݵѪħȻ㣡Цһ
λְɣһԶ˳˰
鵽ز˵ʲôûˣ˫ֻʵ˵ѪħӮˣݽɽׯȻǰȻˣǰݽɽׯ¾ʹʧˡ
ѪħɹһѪɫâնһֶģıʮʮĵâס˫ħĳ·


279 
˫ħһе͵ײһһȦһĽâӿ˷һЩĽᵤʿ⳱ϫһĽâ֮ʬ޴棬⳱ϫâڿ֮ʱԶɢ˷ӿȥ
Ѫħˣ˫ħЦһ
ȿȿȣһѪ
˫ħЦһƴһаˣѪħѾ·磬Ѫħ֮ҲЩʡ
ԣħ˿Ѫߵ쳣
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Ѫħ˫ħĿ䵽ѪħһѪħ֮ϡ
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ˣѪħеѪħƺӦΣա
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ʱʳָϵһö̵ĽָɢĹâϸĻָᷢһС֡
ݽɽׯ⣬ͯսĿİݽɽׯüͷˣнȵˣ
үǷҪ֣ͯսԱߵʵ
ˣһξøаɣͯսԼʳָɢĽָҡҡͷ
ָеһģһΨһͬǣָһš֡
еĴߴ٣˫ħҲие˫һâնЩâڿзֳϸ˿һŽѪħΧС
ۣѪħٴһھѪѪħһѪâն˫ħսһ
ѪħһжȻ·磡
˫ħɫޱȵѿǶҲСʿһ򶼿ʿǶΪԼȰʿҪһȣڼǶ֮ҶնɱһԪӤʿ˵ܴ衣
ȿȿȣѪħȻԽսԽ£ɫȴԽԽ԰ס

Ѫħ͵һͬɿݵ֦һѸٿήת˲ֻʣһƤңȫľѪеѪħȡ
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ϷͺͬھѪħϾȻѪħӰ
ԭѪħ֪ʵ˫ħв࣬־ȥضǲУɴһݣԪӤ޵Ѫħ֮УΪѪħ飬Ѫħ˫ħնɱڴˡ
飡һӡȻ£Ѫħһڵء
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ӡǷϹʱӡƣ˫ħѹ׵ķ˴ѪħעһҲᶯô˷
ƷӡˣһҾͽѪħҳһѷ졣
ѪħеѪħԪˣΪͺⷨϢϢأ𣬶˺Ϊ޴
ƳѪħһۣߵ˽ڣ֮ǰ⽣ڣɴػҪƿ⽣ڣѶ˿ƿɽ󣬵Ƕ˵㲻ʲô⡣
˫ħڴˣһӡɽЩȥ
ƣֻƷӡڿзŴһӡ£ڽڣΧ̼߽⡣
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ڣ٣ڽڣ֮еķɽ˲ɳһʱݽɽׯ֮Ϸɽ졣
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ˮ˶Щɢķɽ඼ǰμӱߣһЩʿ֡
ˣݽɽׯǧҵһ̱ڵϡ
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ʿȻ˿ֲǰݽѪħϣħűһƬİݽɽׯϧ˵
ݽѪħԪӤʿݶûмĶ֣κʿ֡ҡҡͷ
ô໰ʲô˶ıȡɱ˴Цһһִֻӭסֱ˴֮С
ħЦЦݽɽׯǧأǱң
жЩⲢûж࿴һֱۣ˽ڣ֮УһƬ֮Ѱһڵ飬ƽޱȣһûУڷ׵֮Ҫм顣
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ݽɽׯһƱػݲشӰ죬ݽɽׯʹݳǧƽ漴ѡ
һȴʹ˾޴ĺôΪⳡң˶ԺȫȡݽɽׯأҲ֪뿪ݽɽׯ
һ·͸ȡ˴ӵɫֻһˢд֮УȡٶȱȽᵤʿҪһ
뿪ݽɽׯ֮ʱһѪ
ɫһˢѪ͵һͣ漴ָжԶȥ
һᣬⶫȻɫ⣬ҲǼ򵥻ɫ
ˢˢһˢʮɫ⣬ѪذΧ
գʮɫ֮£һѪͣſ壬Ѫ⾹ȻһѪ
Ѫһ˺۹ᴩ·΢һ⽣ҪΪһ㡣
СңѪħԪӤʿȻһڵСС
飡һ
Ѫ֮оȻĴڣ
СſңȻ𣡡Ѫħ
ݵ֮ͱع֮ⷨвһ飬ķԶʤͨҷв飬ӵʶڶǴкôĲûлʿ鲻ϣᷴˣַɵ鲢ټ
Դ󲿷ֵʿùϵЩʿֵܽơ
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ӲĲоģѪħϾҲԪӤʿ졣
ֻҪңʯطҶԸ㣡Ѫħһ


280 շѪħ
ѪħջֻһЦ֮ʯȱҩĻһʦȻҲǲȱڷѾļűһͨĽᵤʿδôҡ
ڹӵеתͣںеĹ
Ҳ֮ģһɵĲʹҲĻ
ѪħͲΪ˲¶СٲңҾԱʱ֮һɢ
ԱͲмĿѪħ
㱬һҿЦһ
㡭Ѫħһʱ
ǰ㣬᲻ԽǻľãԽ
ǰܷݣƾеѪħʿȴŭʿϽɱȻƾѪħҲΪˣһĲֻڽڣ֮Уٶ겻ա
ѪħȻȴһ޴ı׶ˣÿҪĴѪһĹз֮ΣգһҲѪħɵġ
ڽڣ֮п꣬Ȼûκһëȴ辶ԪӤѪħϣѪħ֮ѪԪӤİ취ִ˷ѪħҲϲ⣬һĶط֮ϣͼطơ
κд˫ħݽɽׯ֮УӲڣƵòأǱ˫ħƵòòѪħ֮С
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֮ôʣȻĵܹķȻǴͷ
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Σһƽǳ̲ΣһССʿҺΣѪħſЦ
ѪħôſҲûԭһᵤʿĻһҪɵ֣ΪᵤʿѾǺݺĽĨȥĻôѪħˣͲڰˡ
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ѪħͻȻðһɫֻɫ˳Ž֮ϵһѷѪħ塣
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ζ벻۵ʿϾȻ𣬵ҿԲ壬ںټϱӡҳһѷ죬ѾвˣвѪħòͷ
˵㵽ʲôһ
С㲻Ҫ̫ˣҿǰݽɽׯ̫ϳѪħѪħ
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ŶǿУܹǿҲǽᵤʿ֮еĸˡ
ϷԪӤڵĴʿᵤʿҵĶ֡Ѫħ
һ㶣ԪӤʿΪλ䵽ⲽأ
͵ӡ֮УԪӤʿɶǸ߸ϵʿ˵ԪӤʿҪĴڣʽᵤ⣬ڽӤҲֻεʱżһ롣
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Сӣ˵Ҷ˵ˣֻҪңҩѡѪħ˵
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ҪôѪħ
һ꣬ұָԪӤҰ޸塣͵˵
Ѫħ󾪣ʲôҪһ꣬УԲУ
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ͣͣͣܵԼһ˿ѸʧѪħ󾪡
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ҽѪħģԪӤ֮зֳһꡣ
ͽȡһ꣬һͺѪħ֮佨һϵֻһ֮䣬Ѫħɢ
㣡ͽһʯѪħ֮ϣѪħ˲佫ʯգƷӡһ£ٱͿôã쵽ɢıԵˣһʯ֮Ѫħ״̬źһ㡣
շһѪħã̾Լ̫죬ȻշһԪӤ޵ķ
׳ԼѪħȴ䣬ԪӤʿȻʿҪЮ·綼ûôùļһˡ
ţȡ˼֮󣬱㳹뿪˰ݽɽׯ
ʱѾת֮ϢȫһˣԪӤʿҲϲ
С൱ᵤʿ޷㡣Ѫħ˵
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Ѫħô˵ЦЦѪħԪӤڵΪ˵Ļضû
ڵľݴжԶʵ
ԶʹҲҪһ²ܸϵٶȿҪһ꣡Ѫħ˵
͵˵ͷѪħ뽣֮Уװ絹һ޵ζ
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Ѫħ˵ͷܹʿԿôãռϷ磬ʵȻС
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ݵʵǿϼ֣ʿںҲĶ֡Ѫħ˵
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룿
൱нᵤڵʿ˾൱ԪӤʿЩʿ֮Уһ²¶棬òҪǵ룬ȻԼҲҪҡѪħ˵


281 
ѪħεļУȻѪħδΪãѪħһ꣬ĻѪħҲһѪħ֮һµġ
ͻΪ׹һ·ϣ֮Ѿ뿪вϲһµʱ뿪ݣޱ޼ʵġ
Сӣͣһ£ѪħͻȻס͡
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˳ŽָķȥȻһ˿ĺ㼯ѪħѵĻҲע⵽龰
Ȼ˲õıȥȥ˿ɾˣѪħߴٵ
ͳһᣬⱦŪ˴ĶȻʿע⣬ҪɲǼ򵥵飬ŪûҪԼ档
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ԼϢ֮ͳźƻ㼯֮رȥ
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ɣ͵˶ȡɹѶȣϾԽ޾Խ࣬ʱʱΣգҲԽ
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Ҳһ˵γҩжôϡ
Ϊһǲγ˿ֲģҲ˵͵Σһϡˣϡޱȣֻ¼ֵ޿ɹ
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ȥܶͶᣬܶᣬҲҪʶһ
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֮вΪǿֻ֮һʿʹõģһһʹͲһβӰ˲ʧǰ
ˣһչʱεΪ׳ۣУʮӰĻδɢȥǰ˴֮䣬ʮһܡ
βӰԽԽȻףٵĲӰһεΪ׳ۣõʣʿ޲Ŀӡ
ڰʿľٶ˲ʮλʿһ뱼ɽֱʱͲ΢΢һЦһ΢̧һ̣ͷ΢֮䣬Ѿ·һ磬˲Խʮɣɵľ롣
һ̣Ѿԭʧȵٲ֮Ѿ׷ǰʿ֮˵Ʈݼ򵥣Ⱥˮ裬Ƭ𣬹쵽㡣
ʿȵĻͷȻûϵȻҲȣȻ֮ϡ
ʿ켫ڵӣԼһţǾȻһС䳬Խ
Ȼ⻹ֻǿʼ
һɫ׹
һ̣һɫ׹⣬ͣ·һһ˲ԶȥѰʿԶԶ˺档
ֻ֮䣬˵ʧ
⣬ôܡ
˾֮󣬶Լ۾ͻȻֵ꣬ǳôĶȣ
ֻ¾һĽᵤʿҲ˰ɡ
׷̫ԶˣȻٺõҩҲûǵķˡ
״ʿʼϧ۵Ĵ߶Լڵӿȣǰ׷ȥȻһƬȻǣôӣǰӰԽԽټȻһۼˡ
˵ʲô˵ԷĶȣʹʹȫԶԶң֮ľ룬ԽԽ
һʢһݰĵʿԣôҲ޷ܵġ
ǣʵͰǰɲǲš
̥գʿҲֻҳһݴʣ̫ྪȵˡ
漴ʼ˼ֻԼĶȳʧķ׷˹ȥ
Ƭ֮
һɽͷһͣµĽȻͣǰ


282 
̧ͷŶķ˹ȥĿǰľʼһ֮࣬ϣҲ֮¶֮ɫ
棬һǧѮ׵ȣͱᾣ棬һĺɫƽԭ
˿̣ͱ֮ϣһƽ̨΢΢б꣬ɣأϣ˿ȴȻһֻı
ֻĶ⴦ͱ֮ϵƽ̨֮ϣ紵ǧʱȴεסĿ⡣
Ŀ⿴ȥͼ˿ƣģɰһƬƬֻĴָָԲɫҶɢ㡣
߶ȲȴɢӨӨ̹⣬ޱȣ֦䣬ȴһ򰾢Թ᳤֮գΌأī֮
ȻעĿĵط𶯵ǣʱ֮ϣïܵĺɫҶƬ֮УȻߵ㾧Өɫ
Щɫһָ״ˮͨ͸ôԶȻĿɫҺɫҺ
עĿȥϸ֮£Щɫöÿһöϵ˸ϼöóᡣ
ԶԶǵɫǴӴ֮ϳնأֱԶľ룬
ͬˮһϵĿʼ߻ۣȻȫŨǵɫУע겻ߵı֮ϡ
ıʱһֻµɾޣһ
Ųϵо룬öӨɫѵҲʼâסĲ֮ա
Ȼ׳죬ϡҩʱ̵ˣһʱ֮ڣû˽ժ£п׹£ճʧˡ
ԣֻոճһɲǲժ֮֮Упܱʧ
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һΪѰҲףһΪѣһԭȴǣʱ֣ժڱֵʱҪôûг죬ڲҲǷϹһö
ҪôѾ˲ժ֮ڣѾʧˣ֪ʧҩ̾ﲻѣд˻Եǡ֮ʱɵֵˣ޼
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ǣôܣôһͨɽ֮С
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弶Ʒҩᣬ弶ƷҩУھϡһ֡
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ܶˣѪټۣżȻһؼմŰ꣬ȴŶýˣҲ
ԣŵ򵥣ɳƼѣеʱ򣬼ʹõĳһع˼ʮ꣬ȴһ޳ɰѪһգںܶϣ֡
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˵ľͬˣûеõʱõǵõ֮󣬲Ǿһһ֮䣬ֻ¶
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ȻҲԸ⻨ʮȥһţؾͨţ˵Ҳˣɣں
ǣţ䲻ǿããвܷ£Уȴֿ಻ʱʹ࣬ǳܹġ
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׻һΪأҲһذˣҪسɣҪʮ֮ˡ
⣬ܹ飬һܹһɹͨɹһݿҪ㼸ʮʱ򣬿޵ǿͨڼ꣬µʱڣ͸򳹡
ֵ֪ĳһЩУһǮֵΪûֵǻ˴ۺʱ䣬ȥš
ͨţҲֵ˷رȴ
ǣĳһЩ˶ԣļֵȵϿͻƾĸֽ𵤣ΪΪǿ
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һؼ˭ɹȴٳٲŵʹУܹˣס
ǶԣļֵýǮΪ֮һдۣҲϧ
˵־ڱصãǡתǡϵǡ׻ݡǿĹǿЩռһϯ֮λǹԽǿҲζԽ͵ʱͲУĴʱЩͨĻԾĹȴ԰⣡


283 
ᣬΪ亱ĵرֻضĵطܳɻڼΪ
¶ԣһҪǧʱĻۣܳɣ𽥿
ֻм磬Ҳÿ꣬ܿһΣÿΣֻܽϼӣԶԽ֮
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ʱ˿̣һöʵ
֮⣬ϵݣãΪҪģʣöѣģΪá
ֻаͨͻͨĹܣһЩʧϹ浤мһζҩֻѾûܹó˶ѡ
ΪеĳЩʧߣҩµУѾҲѰҲˡ
һԭѰҲһ
ãֻ˵Ҫ֪ÿÿһöһһžͨĻᣬͨ϶򵥣һ۰ͬףοǵߡ
ȻȻһӵöֵ֪ж
ǿ߶ԣֻ֪»᲻ϧֶΣϧۣҲҪŪ֡
ԣļֵ֪öʹԼãóȥҲһۣԽǿˣĿҲԽǿ
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ԣһԼᶨͣɽϵһĻϾҪ׳죬ڵö֮ʱҲɵñһ
ܲɵ֣ôȻ޷񣬶ήأΪһȴ˭ҲԸ⣬üġ
У̲סЩ
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ԥһ˦еһץ֮е˲һ߿˲ʧ֮ϡ
Ȼһһҵȷ磬ӿѹһ޴ӰӰУ
ãǳ۾ˡˣ
ר޵Ŀѹõһʱ֮䣬ζ㶨סƶҺ־ˣΣյһ̵˲䣬Ӧ
ԶĺͷսۼΪ֮սöȻЯȵǣʱһ۾ˡ
ķŭǣ;Ȼһע⣬ߣһҶûи£ͰƴƴȻûõκζ
ĵ¹һת߳ͷҲ⣬һΣα仯һ⣬·磬ֻһ˲֮ǰ
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ӸҶ㲻
ͷҲ趯ֻצͿߵķצ޴ͻơ
ΪжԵ˫ʱȻҪ£ͷƷޣ۾Ҳʱվĵطѹ
ΣǣһĻȴң¶һ˿صЦ⣬뵽һĻ
һǡ˲õԤС
ۼһλᵤǿߣ۷Ʒ۾Χ֮£¶һ˿֮ɫ¶һ˿صЦݡ
еʱһ˲õԤС
ǣȴôҲ޷ףͲһյھСӣܹΣ֮£ܹЦó
ĽᵤʿһҲҪһҲһӵó
ѵ£֮ɣôܣ
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ϺɫһţȻĶ͵İ;֮ԹޣжѾֻҪе
£ľȶٲɣ϶ֻ֮󣬾µĸһĿϯ֮ϡ
ͷ۷İȻĵһսУ΢˵ˣ޴󰭡
ԱҲǺһ˼ֻ䣬ӰأԲ֮ء
˵һȻ࣬һֻӣҲצӰ֮£ɵóȥ
ǣǸзݵ֮ܣһ湦пܣǣô
ȻģͷԼһͷ۾У鶼ǲܷġ
ǣһ̣һ˶޵ɫ㳹ױˡ
͵ΣǸ֮ܵУ£һصķ㼴֣һ̤
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һ̣ٳʱȻѾʮɿ⣬ȻòԶԣȴһһ˶ǿߵĹΧ
ǲµĲΧȦơ
һĻʧ۾ôģǲŵɫ
ôܡ
ֺ˾ȣ͸ղʩչģһżǿֲ
˾ĶʹҲǼ亱һʿȻܹӵд˵ĶֵܽزʵǷ˼
ȻףһŶж
ûʩչģǱΪؼǿ׻ݡ
ղţŶݷĴڣҲҹȻð踣һ˶ǿ֮£ȡ
д̣һֱԵ˵Ĵݲȣıסĸ£ڶʳ
Ҳ֪һԼƱ¶ؽĺͷ޵ŭ˵һźĶݷҲǲܾʹԼ뿪
ԼٶȲ죬³ܼΪң̰ĲǴԼǾͲֵˡ
ˣʹö˲һ˶޵İΧȦ֮Ҷٲֱͣڹ޳Уն׻չΪһ׻⣬֮Ⱥ޲֣׷˱ܣһʱ֮䣬ȻӲһ
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Ϊһᵤʿʵǿһչ֮䣬ڶȻû֮ҲһҵĽ⣬;ޣ׷ױ촷ۡ
ȻһУӭһǣ仯ΪʮɷԲСȻͺ֮ȥȥ
һֽһµѹ͡
ΪĦ½֮ʵԶԶ͵Ԥϡ


288 ȥ
۶
׹⽣һ̳ɫɫϸ˿ӭֽ⡣
ֻֽɵĴɫϸ˿ĵֵ¾Ȼòǰֺ;ȻΪֵסᵤʿһ
ʹĲȫʩչǶһʿ˵Ѿ㹻ˣ
д󺧣Ǵӳɳǻ˵ã
ǽᵤɹҪɵ֣ﾹȻܳΪѣôͱ仹δɴ֮ʱնɱ
ĴŭħϽʢһô󣬳
Ǳһʵˣ;
һɫ˲䱬ѿ޴ıըס˽ħơ
ץסᣬͽ̤ǣɫ׹ת˲ʮ֮⣬ӿĵĹΧ
СĴŭĴαһʿѣţ
ɫıըʱסɫĽħƣΪӮһ˿ᣬ׻ȫʩչ֮£ʱѾ˰֮⣬ֻһϢʱ䣬Գװġ
ʱǼͷΧʹʵǿҲҪԿʱҲֻһĻᣬֻ赲һͱɳ뿪
ӷ𣡡ĵţ֮ǰһۣɫķһǵصѹ俪ʹƷڸܵѹ֮󶼲
ŭĿգĴȣһսУ֮˲۵˽ս֮ϡ
ʱѾŭҪնɱڴˣ𣬻ĶݷЩ֮еκһûзŹ͵ɡ
СӣһѾĳܷΧˣҪǸҽͱѪħ󼱡
ȻҲͣǰһģ;ʹĻҲòȥ
ŭĿռϱԻɱᵤʿһУԸһССʿʵǴСãҲӲҪɱ֮ġ
ĵıսٶҲʶʹʩչ׻Ҳδѡ
ҧҧƴˣ
תƴתת͵͵һ䣬Ѫħͷһ͵ڲϵ߽ӽڽᵤˡ
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͵ı仯ĴʧɫʿȻܹ˵ս
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նȥĵıͷǵûȴѪħ֪ʱ͵Щʲôѵ֪ᵤʿ֮ĲжôĴ𣿶ڽᵤʿ֮Ҳ̳
ɫֳһ׹⣬ηӭһŭĿա
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ཻۣһ˲䣬͵һھѪն͵ľѪ֮ƴ
ѪǴӡѪħѧѪ뿪֮ԼԼжûжѪˡ
ԭħһ
˺ѾѪɫĻȻ׹⽣һ
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ĴŭŭĿһȭȻھҵıը֮кһƬյش
ˢˢˢˢը֮ͻȻɫâ
Ĳûж⣬ֻ͵Ĵ߶սӭ⼸ɫâ
ǽһĻĿɿڴ⼸ɫâͬƹ֮һ㣬ĲĽսϣľǣͽս֮ϢȻԽԽ΢
Ĵ󾪣սıѾõ˽꣬ѾһĵزɫâǺȻܹͱ֮ϵ
ѪħɫЦһɫһóΪɢֻܹԹԱȡ
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ͬһ㣬ǱԷ˱ϵʹջҲҪʱ¼ɲԸġ
׼ջرʱֻͻȻöɫĹӣ
ᣡĴϲһ˦ָ㣬öȫС
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գ͵ͺһսȻ֣ⱾȻ͸ȡˣ
Ĵŭ
ЦһһöɫķлԭһӰĵĹʱھͳ˰֮⣡
ժʣµöͷĽޣͳ۾ˮһգѷŭ񣬴ʱں񱼶Ѿ״
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²ǡôã̫̰ģ棬к
ȻöԼһ˲ûȫã֮ܵһ࣬ѾʮˣοѾ֮С
ϾΣյ֮ȡһᵤʿڲ࣬ټӵͬԼڶǿɲĶޡ
Լһˣö֮һ࣬ʮֲףٶ̰ģܻ˶ٵǰһŬԼҲͽȥ
һӳöǲ뽫˺޵ⶼѹԼϣԼӳöΪԼֵѹ
ˣʣöЩˣôһȺȥɡ͵Цһ
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289 С
ɶ񣡡ķŭ
Ƭ֮䣬ͻ䣬ȻõᣬȴʧȥԼı
𣡡
𣡡
ʱͳ׾ѾϵѾӵӰ٣Ȼȥ׷Ͽᣬҽǰ˵ʲôҲ׵뿪
һ춯أޱȵĴսһ
ոձһƣȻˣȴȫ٣Ѿ˶ŭɶ
Ȼ׷Ҳ֪Ӱһӣããɭ֣ޱ޼ʵɽУҹʱ֣ôѰҵõ
ȻʣҲֻһãͷִǰ쭵ء
ܿ죬һ˶ޣսһǿͷҲʡ͵ĵƣʹһһʤҲֻ֮οһжܿ·磬֧穣ŭ
һʦʱϹô飬һԴͷȫǸɶɵġ
СӣҪҽ㣬ȻĶҪ׷ɱ㵽ĺǡ
һ̣Уŭĺ޺޵ĵ
ǣôߺޣȴҲ޷ıʲôӵ˻ˣˣض顣
Ħ½ݶͷȴҪʣͷ۷޵ŭٵƷƷޡ
ͬǲɹ֮ˣΪʲôôôأһУӦǷġ
ҺްһУӦģˣ㣡
ķŭɽȡ
ڰͯˣ˼ͼ֮󣬳Խ񻯣ڶΧĵʱ򣬶ĵˡ
вʣһǴ󼪡
һУ֮ķӦǰͯûʲôϵˡ
;Ϣһ֮һʯ飬ָ֮󣬱Ԧݹ뿪ֶ֪ɽ
һ֮һСڡ
һһڰ׽ͣһӣİһͨ˵꽣ͣͷһСΧĳûʲô֮󣬱㼴̧˽ȥ
ڵӼʹǰҲضϲӵ֮ʱضܱһˣĻǰ֮ǰ¶òĻôҵҲһҳҳˣҲضǺˣͿɲɵͬһΡ
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壡üͷһ壬̳֮оȻǴ壬󲿷ֶսʿ彫һûС
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ת֮䣬ѾǵС
ͣǰ彫ͻȻеͣ
ͷͷ彫Ȼһˣ֮ǰʯͭʱͭǹͭɫļ⣬⼸Ҳʵ
жͭ
ЩսʿʼޱϵĴж£ЩķСڵ϶ܽҳһӣдһЩϡ
ʲôͭһĿ͡
ȷͭûϳԼ֮ЦЦѣҲ׵İɣ
˭ԭѣҪ׾ͽףֻҪóĶͭͷ˵
ͲɵĿЦһ˹Ľ׷ʽҲǵһμ״ʿòףҪúþ̸۸񼸺ǲܵ飬һԲϾͻֻƴɱ˶ᱦ˾ռߣÿһν˫ֵ˶ĻǼټġ
ȻǰѪɫĽҲԳƵǽĻ
ʼ򣺡ҲҪҿʲô
ҪĶеĻȻ㽻סͭͷ˵
ǳ𣬳ױͭƾʯڽʯϽͭ
һ˶ʮϣƱ׵ģҲƿܵģһЩ߼ϡ
˵ɣʹƷʱҲõȻ˻ꪵѿꪣõٵĸҲһȭͷСĸڽᵤʿжǾ޸ƿҪƱҲҪһʱͱ׽⡣
ͭɵĿһۣͱֵĺ֣أרҵġ
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һҲҪʯҩʹ÷ʽͬˣǽڣǽںϵ֮УǿԼõǹ룬֮е֮Ҳ崫ȥʿĸųΪʺĹ
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ͭǰһͱ̬Ҳһ˿ı䡣
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ʿ׳ԸԸ໨ʯͿɲôܱ࣬˾ͱˣҩ˵ֵǮĶ
ҩж٣ʲôҩǶҪ̬ͭһһٰʮȵת䣬˿
壬û棬һҩʲôˣѪħм˵
ͽԼӵмֵĵҩһһ˳ͨһƷҩƷҩѪյʮ֡
飡˵˭ȻҹȻ۵ҩ壡Сĸ¥һᵤʿһ
ҩݵ棬˸Υͱ븶ۡ
ǧںʿĽ֮һֱǴƵһǼʹƾǿȻܹʿѹĴЩõ˵ҩ֧ţʿ뵲סˡ
СսӵĲ㵽ŲʵʮӵʮսһЩɫ֮Խ׳Ϊ彫ʿһϸ£츳ʵ̫¡
ҪˣЩҩǶҪˣжҪ٣ͭ˵
ҪЩ
УֻҪóĵҩ㹻࣬ǶԸ㣡ͭ˵
΢΢̾˿ЩƺʿѹƵ̫һ㣬ͨĵҩǶ˼µҰǿһһ㡣
ţͻȻһȺʿΧ


290 ѹ
һȺΧͭɫһ䣬ͭǽеĴ󽣺ǰһ֡
ҩǶҪˣжҪ٣ͷʿĿ͡
־Ӹµ̬ͼ䲻ˬʿڵΪᵤʿĻ붼ﻹںһʿǴ˵ΪԺᲢۣ
Щʿò֪ܣȽ׵ģƴʲôһӣͭ
ͷʿûֱͭӶͣѣҲʿЩҰģһҩȥ»ƾն֣ʿк棬ǵȱʯĻ˿ԳһļǮչеĵҩ
һԴȵĿͷʿ
ҩһСȻֵǮҲֻǶ˵ˣͨʿ˵Ʒҩϧ֮⣬Щҩƽޱȣĸжһѡ
֪ЩʿͲҪӯǲõһҩʹҪõһҩôҲҪгȥǵõֻ࣬ʱõҪһļǮࡣ
ЩֻǳէС򻹲ô˽⣬ͨʿһļǮȻϲƨƨߵĽҩ͵ǵС
û뵽Ͷһļ۸֮ԱǣʯûȱҲǶһ֪ͷ࣬Ѫħϳڣͽĵ˽߰˰ˣʿ˽ĻҪһЩ
Ͼʹͷʿ˺ܾã֪ϢȻǱȲѪħԪӤڵϹ֡
οʹ˴ģֻΪ˴Ʊ׵ĲϣЩҲֻвУĵطʹҲûôƼΪҪĲϵҲǼ󣬳ͻ벻ĸӵ˶ϡ
Զʿ͸Ͳġ
ҪĲʲôʱ׼ãʵ
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㡭ںԣͷʿҲû뵽СȻ˸Һƽԣ
ͷʿŭеƤ޾ͳͳ顣
ңͭŭеĴһնʿĳޣ
ʿŭƽС˭Ҫһӣû뵽컹˸ҺƽŸɣ
ƽˣͷʿг˶͵ޡ
ƽɣͲɵһ㶡
ڵ֮ҲǶݴССй˽⣬Ȼ˽Щô֮нᵤʿȻҲע⣬ֻʣ˵ɣĪ˵ͣʹЩԪӤʿδػע⵽ЩȻҲ͵עⷶΧ֮ڡ
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Ще̹ûţȻ⻹Ǳɽһǰˣ֮Уҩǳɶѳɶѵķŵģ֮ҲõĵҩҩԻʲôʧ;͸ɴ֮ˣʲôʱ뵽ʲôʱó
壬ЩʿһóôĵҩҲɵĴһʿȻȱҩһӵôĵҩҲһ׵顣
ƽ˵һɣҲֻλɢһһɢ֯С棬˵ҲʲôɣЩɱǲһֻϰˣһλᵤĻƽͻҷˡ
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ߺȻǽᵤڵΪǽᵤڵΪһɵţ˵ͳֻ֮һ˳Сӣշƽ֮ƽռĶƽﱣ
һᵤʿķԶƽߵİ£˲׳ȻСˣʿҪһ㱣ѣȻͲｻף屻ǰľ͸ˣҲһᵤʿͻÿֻǶึһЩϰˣֶǣһһ㣬Ҳûʲô
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ߵͷҳɣӵôĵҩضǴɵĵӣϵ㽩Ҳá
СѣһӣһҩרƽΣϵӸ¥дž޴ѹСƽʿ嶼ɫһ䣬׷׺˼
ᵤʿһһСϾȻһλᵤʿסʵ̫˼ˡ
ᵤʿѹѹʱȴЦһѹʵ̫ѹһѹͨʿԣѹôδ̫쿪ˡ
ǳۣˣģǵѹҪᵤʿǿʮٱѹ֮ǱСѹѹĻǾһЦˡ
ᵤʿҲǽᵤڲãǽᵤڵΪ綼ûȹ̡
͵û´ɽĺҲǵùòͻ˽ᵤڣĲҪɷ˭֪˴ŵһλϣ˵ҲᵤںҲΪԼκһλᵤʿŵĳҲǽᵤڵʿ˾ȻҪȫ֮ɱⳤϣɱ˶ᱦ
ĽҲԶ׼ȻͬǽᵤڣǴŵĳϿǽᵤʮ꣬Ѿ˳˽ǿһǿĹűܺŵĳ϶ƴ
غϾͱˣȻӵĿ죬Ҳ˲ʹʮȥΪǵûне˵ƣֽŽᵤڵΪû鵤ҩĻٹҪ䵽ˣͷųѹҪͨĽᵤǰڵʿҪϲ١
ͭΪ޷оȴ֪
Цһһת޴ѹ˲ųȻᵤʿ൱
ת
ת֮͵ΪѾ޽ӽڽᵤڣᵤʿҲһ֮ټϾתǿĹļӳɣ͵ѹ˿ᵤʿ


291 նᵤ
ͻȻðѹ˶һ㶣ֻһССʿѹԺýᵤʿ࿹⣬˹ƽʿŵÿˡ
ܣϻոջһŵʿǳһֻһ㣬ɫޱȵѿ
·ʿȻһᵤʿٰģ
һᵤʿСķԽСٵʹƽﱳҲһᵤʿҲΪһССƽƴ
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ͷԼѹԿϺݺһƣǽ첻ɱӺĻԺ󲻽סСŵʿƽİڶ޷壬ڻ˵޷ܵġ
ߣһ޴ѹһѹ͡
һ˿ɵʹת֮Ѿ޽ӽڽᵤڣǻôһ˿˼ʹٲҲǽᵤʿŭһòͼɵ
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Щ֪ߵغƽڣЦһ̤ǣɲǼ͵ӰʧЩ˵ǰ
ɫһ䣬Ȼ֪͸ոʩչһּĶʹᵤʿҲҪȣһʿȻֺöĶһʿʵǱĺöҲֻϣ
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ɱ˱ϾҲǽᵤʿټҲûȫʩչһʱ㱻˸ϣۣһֻɫĴƳ¡
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Ľ˿ڿһž޴Ľסе·
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飡ͻȻһݺݵײѪħϣ
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Сҵģ˴
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ȴ˿Щ˿Ȼ޷һ֮ڣɫѾ˻ʮ֮ڣһһ֮⣬Ѿ˿

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ͣһѪɫĳͻȻ̳һٴ̴ࡣ
˼ѵĿһԼؿڣһ˿֮ɫҧҧ׼ɽڣûգֻҪӳѰһλʿᣬܻ
壬ȴķ꾹Ȼһصǣסˣζ޷ѳֻĿԼ걻һɡ
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Ѫħö𵤲мһ޹⣬һǲֵǮĻҲǣӵĽᵤʿͨᵤһʵûУĽҲʲôҪˡ
һᵤʿ꣬㵹Ǿ񰡣Ц
ѰҪĲϣ޲ɣʺһ£˿ִ˼֣ѪħĿһʺ
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Ѫħû˿Ķ屾ͺʿƲʿ·
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ƽ֮СΪΪľˣֽ˶ˣλҴܵӰˡ
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һҩȻ࣬ΪճȴҲӡ
һЩС֮еɢ޼ᵤʿնɱȻҳ˵ģһ׵˳ǧƿҩĴ֮Ҳջ˴ϣԽȫʱǽᵤʿȫһҲܽ¡
ǰԵȣҩСĵ봢֮ͭס͡
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Сӣ㱻˶ˣҲ֮⣬ѾʮλļܲˣѪħͻȻЦ
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Ҳûе֮ңļ˵ҲһСľ룬ȫҲҪһյĹ򣬶һʱ֮زز
Сӣˣ֮ȱľϣȱľǵҩǵڵӣҲһ裬ƾһż֮бض㡣ѪħЦ
ǰҿʿǱͳɵ
ѪħЦһһΪԼЩ˸ʲôԼΪ;
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ĶݷЩģѪħмһ
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㣿һճꪵ忴һۡ
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ͷǰһһۣãܺã۵ҩѣԸΪĿ䣡
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͵˵ͷ岿䷱֮࣬ͭˣҲǿĲ֮һ֮йʮλ˵˾мλԪӤʿһ㣬Щ˾ײβһЩһ޷Щһ档
ƺƵȥ֮ʱС֮еʿҲ˳һ˲ĴͬѩƬһ㣬ء
ʿȻ˸˽ͨ壬ΪϢ˲㴫ݣ͵òҲǱ¼һʱһʿĹС
Щʿ׷飬޷˵һϢö֮㱻ˡ
ͽ֮㱻˰һľ֮УסҲǼªܹڷ֮⣬ҲǿģҪչʲôģǾ붼Ҫˣʹûбչ
ļ֮У͵ĳʶ߸С·ʮ֮ǹŪʵǷ˼
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ˣͿ֮ʱڵ콣ͻȻһ춯Ҫ
ʹ󾪣æתѹòײŽ콣ѹԭɫ콣ʱȻһ˿ɫͬмһʽɫϸߣǽһ㵭Ľɫ
⡭͵Ŀѡ
콣ȻǺйأĬĬת콣ֻ콣ϲһɾ޴һɵĽ콣룬ںһ
֮еĽ콣ɢϢϬ˸ıʹϲܸо콣ԭǿ˲٣ǳȥĻ콣Ȼ
Ҳ̫֣ÿָӳһʱΧվһᣬȡ֮ǿ콣Ҳûע⡣


293 ս״
ÿȥԱվһᣬԼķƵҩ
ÿƵҩʱ򣬱ͭΪֵʱ򣬼е嶼ۼͷǰۿƵҩ
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ԴǴĲ˶ǲ֮Уƾʲôĵҩֻܵõôһ㡣
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Ҳ֪⼸һ˶ٻˣ޶Ϊ֮ջȻ⼸Сһֵܹġ
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һȴǧѣ͵ʾѾ̤ᵤһѵ顣


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ʿĴսÿһζܾ˶գȴִ˲ƣģÿ궼ôϾսӶֶΣʹܴԷı߾ǹսƷüЦˡ
ʿĿʯȴһҪʿĵҩһļϡ
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ʮʿսһÿʱÿ̶ʿ䣬ƽԭѪɺҲΪ
мʿۼ⣬ƽԭ֮ϣһʵļ𣬹վһĹǹ֡ǹһЩŵɫ͹ǹڼ֮ϣƺ֮Ψ
ʿ壬ʹ֪ЩʵˣȴȻˣԣһеԽС۸ڶƽʱʮ㣬ǹַǿǹ°ʱȻ
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ֻǼμӣҲ֪ǴԵĸλȡƶɵģƺǼ߹ǣðԶ˿˿
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Һܺ棬ΪλѪħЦ
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ΣħΣѪħ֮Աǡ
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ѻȻȴޱȵļ򵥣ʶԽǿԽǼ򵥣ͽ˼ʱͽѻ󷨲Ĳˡ
սץһ֮;Ͷʩչѻ󷨣һͬƤӰϷһԺ֮޾ϸͻһȥˡ
ѻ֮˰Եѻ֮棬һ˽ûУѪħǴõһſֲĹġ
ѻ֮Ȼֲȴãѻ֮¶Էһ˿һ
죬ȥץһ߼һ壬˵֪ɳѪħߴٵ
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297 
Щ嵹еʿĹ£Ȼܼ֮ãԶһɢڵ֮ϿԶĴս
һԣ˵ݾȫվţħڵĸħŵ档
ݾݣǻһڵĻһʱЩҷ𣡡˵
ĳ˵ֻһЦǲ
һʮ֮һλĦºʥݵɣʵ֮ǿԶܹ⡣
һʵǿȻҵܹġϾεЦ
֪ͺãһһҪȡһǰˣһȻǡ˵ͷ
ͷһǺֶ
Ʋһۣһ˲˾ͬһ߸һ㣬亹ֱ
Ҳ޷˴һҪǹǹ񹭣ֻǹɣһ
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ңǹ̼ԶԱȷĹΧԶһءᵤʿ޷ȷԼڱʸ֮ǰǹ֡
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298 
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⻹쳾ĹЧ쳾ɹԪӤҲкܴļӳãĵҩʿζʲôԶ
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ٶȼ죬ʹ뷴Ӧ֮ʱѳ˽ȥ


299 
ػİλ彫ŷ֮УǴʱﻹ͵Ӱ
һ֮䣬;ȻѾȥ֮ѾǿտҲ񶼱ѹˣ
ɶ񣡡뿴һĻ֮ʱð̣ĶҪ֮пǹŰɳǹǹҪıȻ˵ߣ
һʮɳǿ񹭣ʣİһֱ֮Уļλ룬ʹ˾֮⣬ʹǹǹ֮Ҳûж֪ܡ
û뵽û뵽쾹Ȼһʿߣ
ֻ͵Ӱ˲ͣ˲ߵϢǿ
ɣߴʮ֧ԹǼ׼һϹ⣡
ͻȻͷһΣս٣æ߶ϵĽ𵤣һ̵ĹĻͰС
䣡Ǽٶȼ죬գ֮Ѿ˱ɫĹĻϣ
;ԼҪ˺һ㣬ǼһɫĹĻըѿƬű׵ķ
ûеʹһʣĹǼӶײڱ֮ϣÿһͬһطһʮʹǽᵤʿҲ͸ˣǱȴǳ
ؿһöƺҲǺľе޹⣬ʱпǲΣͶɱһ
һ޵ĹͷƳɵĹǼǴ㶾ʹǽᵤʿһҲҪʹܵҲҪѾֶΣһʮɼ͵ıɱ֮ġ
ˣʮ֮ϵϹֻǻζһ£漴ʧʡ
ɱʮȻûн͵֮նɱҲ˶ݵľ֮С
ʮ֮նɱᵤڵߣǶԷԪӤʿͺ
ܣԪӤʿôͷ¶βƷ뷨
ԪӤʿҪԸһλαػҪǱֱնɱÿˣα鷳ԷΪضԪӤ֮еĽᵤʿһǶһ֡
֪ɶᵤʿˣһڣᵤżδ˵ĻԲõĶˡ
ǹȻǲͬ죬֮ⶼҲµĿűױǸĺĹǼ
һǼȻ̴˱׵ķֱӴ˱ڲͷպǿ˱ϣһƤ׵ĻͷֱӴ͵ıˣƾͷϵľ綾ԵҪ͵
һ¡
Ǽɵı׵ķƿʵǷ˼֮ǰؿǶһö𵤣»Σˡ
ɽԴ൱һλᵤʿ˱ף֮ͬмûܹƿǹȴ쵽ˡ
ͲɵΪԼһ亹жǾ֮вرٲ
ǹҲһʱ䣬ôһʱ͸Ѱңֻܹ֮ܽĶȫװ֮У֮ǲǴʲôذͲ͵ĿǷΧ֮ˣϾʹУҲûʱȥ̽
Ǽ˲䣬һ֮ϵҲ׵ʧȥˣȻѾ˾ɵˡ
Ͳʢŭ֮µ˾ʲôķٶһȷϣǱ֪ƭҽϴһյĻ;Բ߳ġ
ʹӵ׻ĶݷҲֻӹᵤʿ׷ҪԺԪӤʿһϸµĴ˾ѣǳ˵Ρ
ﻹȫæϢȺ֮С
ԪӤʿֶѾʶ͵֮ͿɲԹ
Ľ룬ݴʹһʿֵĸ֣ǲӿѾʿƵ˾ʿ֮Ȼֽܳӣһ֮Ťתȫ֣
ʹʵǿɱΣսʤֲεʿУݵĽᵤʿˣŬ޷ıսܵˡ
䣡һֲĳꪺȻ¡
ղˣüͷһ
ʮ֮еղ䣬ÿ¶һͷԷеޣЩһͺԼһ֮γޱȵĬ
ղǳꪣ֮ǰĻꪾղˣղգ
һ˸˳ǵص£ÿһ֮ٴһʿʬ塣
һ𿪷ĳꪡ
תۼĸղ彫ע⵽ͣղͶĳмӵֹͨʿܵסһꪡ
ȣ߶µޣ彫˲һķ󣬽ΧС
ͽ̤ǣһֻһϹһ˸ĴΣ͵һֳ֮ʱ彫ԼǵİûϢ
һ֮նɱλղ彫ʹͲעⶼˣ
׹⽣ͣ˲ϳ͡
ʱѳȥ֮ԱĿʾˣԷһ۱˳
þòЦЦ
𣡡ðߵɨա
ݽɽׯһǶΪˣСʦøΪ跹˼˶˺üȦû뵽Ȼ㡣˵
εЦЦĲǶȷ˵ȥСѩѾͷȻΪ跹˼ʱҲò˼
ƴ󣬵ܳͳɣǱΧҵҪʧأѵ
ЦһսҲɼһһ쳾ļ۸ݸɹǹ䣬ȡ񹭣ò˹ʹȥҲһڽһݴɣ밡
ԴҲֻεҡҡͷʵԶʤݣ֮кݽа壬Ҳûа취顣
ˣǱСİɣ΢΢̾˿
ôѵ㻹׼صڣһ㶡
лȥģǲڡҡҡͷ
˵ͷҲ˵ʱŬסǹؼȻйű֣ںƺƵ֮Ҳ֧穡
ˣ°ɣֻսеԹǹһ£ʮ֧ԹǼɢĿ겻ǽᵤʿǵºƺƵݴ
ʹ󾪣ʮ֧ԹǼᣬ֮ǰܵȫǿű׺һö𵤵Ĺֽͣױ٣ľҪԹǼǲܵ顣
ҵǣʮ֧ԹǼֱӳҪݴҪеѹҪһ֮бҲ¡
䣡ʮ֧ԹǼӦѣɲǼ䣬Ĺмͬһ£һ
ᵤʿնɱĹǼʹѿҲӵпֲµʿͬһ㣬һĵ£
ĽᵤʿһѪЩɶĵӰȻϵ˴٣һһƬҲеܲˡ


300 
һնΪ֮һ壬ֻ˵סһ඼һ̲Ѫˮ
ᵤʿŭȥҲǵĵӣǲŭͷս
սоһʱθʮɣеĹǹҲɴһʹҵļҡҡ׹һʱ֮ᵤʿ¡
սҲǹǹ峤ս֮ǿԿᵤʿ·磬һ˲ʿһʱʿ磬ʿǲĽڽڰˡ
һ֮дһ˼Ӧʱƴ󣬼ѾʿΧ˷֮ˣҪס
ʹһڵʿҲԱˣԮǵУΪһ񹭲֪ʧ˶ʿ
ǱӦҲˣٵֵһͿɣһڵһһλ룬ΪԼһ
䣡ɲǼضɽҡֻһڴӱը֮геıѾϳأѪϣһųٷ
һڣˣ
һʿԼˣȻҶæսȦʿˣȻսķͻΧ
ΣʹͻΧȥһҲʧأͿһۣûԭȵòķ
Ȼû뵽ͻΧ
俿ںߣǵıƽԭʿͻΧֻ˵·
ңһܿ
ס֣ס֣ͳͳס֣ͭһͣæס¡
Ͳɵ˿һûжĴһ廹ôȻһöõӡ
ֵܣɰˣ˼鶼ûҵ㣬Ҫʲô飬峤һҵƤˣͭµ˵
ʿѾܣռսƷʱҪҵһЩҩ֮ĶܲȸҿôĻһõҩǶһʵ
û⣬ϣͭظ
ߵĲҩȻҲôԶԶ͵ĵҩЧҩҩ֮á
ڽᵤʿĴ£֮ɱһѪ·ǺѣҲδ׷ɱı߾ֹͣ׷ʼʰսսȻӮˣҲǲʤһսʮ壬һʧ¸Ϊأһ֮ʧҪ
սʧĴڵĵӣֻգɳʵȱľߡ
ΪôһŨü󺺿һںͭ٩٩̸͡
ս㱾֣ڱȺ֮УڻңҲʧȥӰ˺ڣݰ֮ʱǲŷټ䲢ûʲô׵ľٶΪ˱ɱ˼ղˣмʿļ˵
мһʱǶûп
ǵģʱ̫ҡ
Ũü󺺵˵ͷƺûʲô⣬Ҫɾ衣
ںͭ΢΢Ƴ˴ڵĵطһۣʶβ֪ڼ֮ԪӤʿ޷ȱ任òܱЩϣҲ޻˵
Ϊλ岿䣬ҲǲѶΪ֮״޲ʱ޲ѶȼߣڼҪĴĲϣҲΪ˱׿ǡ
Ҵ˴չҲҪۿһ¹ǹľٶԼչεĶ֮ǷɳĴڡ
˴ʿнʮԶƽԭ֮ϣϵĴ·һߵĶѹεĸɸɾ
ͺЩƽԭĲһЩڻҰˣɵӣʵãֻеڻҵķݰˣЩһ˿ͬ飬ҲͬˣûʲôΪǴ򱧲ƽ˼籾ˡ
ûʵֻܱ˵ӣֻǿ߲ʸȥ֣ӵˣ
ҲĴ̫ãֻȵ޸ͱ뿪
սҲмᵤʿ䣬Ǵ֮еĶĵģϾᵤʿҲƣбȻʲôϧ֮Ķֲ֮УҲһ׮
ȻЩҲɵӣᵤʿĶȫ͵ǰĲһЩʿĴеĶûмͿ۵ģ˼ûе֮;ҲûȤˡ
ĴսӰܿƽϢ֮еǸøʲôʲôÿҲճõҩȡһЩϣ޲ıףǵһ޲սףǰļζʧܶա
ͶԿʯҲվҲòóһЩƷʵĵҩ廻ȡĲϡ
һƿѪյͳ͵Ķ
룡һ
⻹ǵһǰ
һƿѪյλӳһλεĿʯ
㹻һƿˣ
һ㶡
ָֻ״Сʯȴޱȵĳأ
мʶ㹻˰ɣЦ
ˣˣæͷһʢѪյСƿ˹ȥ
ָ׸ǴСԻʮƿѪյˡ
Ǽϣ֮ҲȻûɳôϧҲʲô˶ӵеģӲпܻ𣬵ȴʿΪƳ֮һ
ԭڷ֮вһĻͨΪ˳ҪӵдĹЧƷʱԽ࣬ҲԽࡣ
ĴоĴڣҲǼΪĶһĴԴᵤʿɵߵһԴɣڰ˳ɵ
һ£ǻƴ˫ľһӵдֶĽΣ
˭ľʱ򣬶һ൱ڶһ
Ȼָֻ׸ǴСȴԴеһʵ̫ˡ
ǰԵȣͽס롣
ôѲɲ˲
ܲǶˣ¶ЧѪյ֮ϣòˣóһСƿ
Ŷ˲¶ЦݣֺǺǵĽӹ¶
Ҳʹѣ¶϶ֻƿڵ֮ʱһٶʮһƿġ
᲻úײסǣȻȡѪյͱضˣʹ˾ҲֻЩ˵ԼϻиΪ߼ĵҩҲΪ忪һͷֻҪóĶҩ⡣
еȻ⣬Ͼ󣬵ȴɵ


301 ֮
ķչҲͬԤϵһ㣬֮ǰǸ뿪ͷʣ׷ͣøϧ϶һҩһʱջķᣬյһЩ֮ǰֻ˵ûϧϡ
һѪʯֻûĵطпܳ֡
Ƥ֮ʱѪҺЩʯͷգµı仯γѪʯ
γѪʯĵطʮͷϵۼȻҪγѪʯǼѵ顣
Ѫʯܹܺõĵ͸֮ںԣһƷʣɵķϻȻĴһѹսʱͷų䲻Ч
ʱ˵ȱĶͬʱҲΪȱٵĶ
ʱһμ֮ͲԼΪ۷壬ٵ磬ҽϼͨҲԲľ磬̤ᵤڵƿ
һƿ˵ļӲγض޹
һ㣬Ͳ٣׼ˣҪԼһƿǲܵ飬ֻܽڵҩ
֮ͻȻһǵ顣
ȻͶ˵һöõӣһöӲƿصĻôֱȻһöӡ
ڵͣЩܹƿأͻƽɽ𵤵Ļôȫһˣ͵նɱҲ˵
ʱ뿪ˣ΢΢̾˿
һϹͱѾ֮⣡
֮춯
ݷ꣬ڰͲסˣŨüЦһ
Ҳ֮е춯΢΢һЦλͲˣ
͸°ɣֻһִֻס
ƾһֶҲ뽫£δҲ̫С˰ɣЦһ
׹⽣һɫĽâХĻɫơ
⡭ⲻܣһλӰֳһɼǵĽڲϵĵѪΪķһɫĽâ֮¾ȻԵ˵Ĵ
һССʿôǿĹļλ뿴ϵ˺ۣҲһۡ
ֱʱǲʶǼ֮ʿԭص֮
ǿƳɣʹЦһ
һֻʮöɫԲ͵˦
飡ɫ䡣
ĴҲţϾײֶͷ̫ⶫᵤʿըըһӳô࣬ʹƤҲҪ˱ᡣ
ССʿô飬бضթ׷һ
ôһļλҲӦСЩһֱǵļ֮УʱȥŪô飬ضСڹŪ顣
䣡ɲǼŭɫ׵֮£ҽ
Цһ
Ȼ⼸ļ֮£岻꣬οóԼ͵Լ͵͵е飬⼸벻֪ôȻ޷ĳУʹǣ²ҲҪһƤ
ȵЩ˷Ӧ֮ʱǧ֮ˣЩζ׷ˡ
ԭ㣡һǼͻأĳ͵ǰ
˫һһɫĻܵסһǼ
ˣаһǰľȻǰػߣʱʩչ׻˦һߣû뵽⾹Ȼ
ɳϼ֧˵ԹǼѾ׼͡
˵Ҳ͵ùķΧǡڹǹĵ̣ϼҲżȻ͵Ķݹ⣬ޱȵϤųֵ͡
Ŷɳһϲ
ԷȻżԼչεĶ֮бȻɳ֮ҲǽһѶַ˿ûмɳټϼҲƭ˵ġ
ЦһǾͿûˣ
˦׹һֱӳ˳
ϼ뽫Թǹ£֧ԹǼǸһϮ
¡˲䱬ѣ޴ױס֧ԹǼ
ߣϼŭθʮɣһȭ͡

ɫѿϼĹΪ֮һ٣ݵͣ٣һŷ䣬˲ʧӰ٣
Դ˷龰ϼǱףȻͬһΣ˻͵˹ǹΪı
գСѩѾͷСŲƷ˴⣡µ˵
Ҳҵʩչ׻ݣ뿪ġ
֮ͳһƬĴ֮ϡ
ݺԥ֮Ļ֮֮ݺԥݼҪ󣬺иϢŸǿޣ޶ǼƽģһЩļԪӤʿĻδڡ
֮ȻΣգͬߵı⣬ޱߵĴҲζдԴһЩ½϶ûеҩ֮ҲʿƼʿ඼ɱȡѰҩǷҵǰµĶ˺ôһʡ
ڻ֮ǰҲϿһЩذˣûκεķɵ¿ԣ֮ʱϾҪ˼ԷɣݣҲ̫֣ڻ֮˾ˣû˻Ϊͷ
ڻ֮סĴ󲿷ֶһЩʵǿ֮ˣʵС˸Ͳ̤֮
ڵΪ͸̤֮ΪҪ֪סڻ֮Ĵ󲿷ֶǽᵤڵΪʹڣҲҪɲ֮أƥ졣
ҲֻѰһʺ϶ɽٵĵطˣʿ̫࣬ɽƱض˵ע⣬ҲֻĴ󺣲ŻṩõĶɽ֮ء
ʹ˲Դ󺣵Ĺ󣬵ϵ֮ʱҲѾɽٳɹˡ
һжǽܹ˳ͻƵǰ£ͻƶĻôһеĿǶǰ׷ˡ
ڻ֮Ҳ̫ҡѰ֮Ͳҵһߵĵ죬Բ֮ûʿסʺϵıչ֮Ͽһ׵Ķ֮Ⲽ˼򵥵֮ͱ֮С
𵤣𶴸ѰĵܹϵʿɵĳɹʣϵҪǿϼ֡
⼸һֱû𵤵ƣҽеĲ϶ռֲ֮С
ֻƳɵҩˣʹͽᵤĳɹҲ΢΢Ͼ֮ǰû˵λܹᵤɹģ𵤣ҲֻܶһЩϾԼʵûжġ


302 ʮᵤ
𵤵ƷΪƷڵΪҪ췽ҹ̸ʹӵеַҲƷҩˣҲƷװˣƷн׾ѾΧˡ
ͨ°ˣƣƷҩҲûпܡ
ʹɵٵҲںֻҪƳҩǳɹ˷ѵЩҩͻϡ
ۣһɶӵ¯֮ð
ԴҲֻεҡҡͷƷ׵ҩƵѶȹȻһ㣬ĿǰΪֹѾʧٶΣ֪˷˶ҩЩҩ֮вȱƷƷҩ
ʹǵɿҲҪʹѣ֮ҩҪķɴĻʹܹ˻ӻҩҲ޼
ȴԣһǺòʹĵʹãؼҲֻһˡ
ٴεʧܣҩԶѳһСɽˣٴεʧҲһŵ
ͶҲǸʹƷҩٴεʧҲһѾܹЩҩںϣȻûҵʵһ㣬һʼѾǺ̫ˡ
ʰ飬ͱ½ҩͶ˵¯֮Уʼһֵơ
֮󣬵һλ۵겻ɵһʮСƿװĶ𵤣ǲɵ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ͣٴǧεĳ֮ҵһоɹƳ˵һö𵤣˵һöˮɣȻ𵤵ĳɵʲǰңǼܲסƵĴ࣬ʹǰɵĳɹʣҲ
ڼ˷ѵҩΪ˵Ҳǽ̵֪˷֮ҩĻ¶ܱĻȥ
ϣһٳɹɣ΢΢̾˿˶֮УĽȫ
ڷҩǰڴգȫ״̬󣬲ͳʢ𵤵ƿ
һͼæƿպãĿȴҩķˡ
ûãڵľʼڵڵĿˮһž
ЩȻæһᣬ˼һͿʼתƿˡ
ת֮ʱҲͽᵤɹ֮ա
ȻԼνᵤãôҲҪ波һ¡
ǲܳɹҲΪ´νᵤЩ顣
ţ˾ͽر˶һиӦ׵Ľ֮С
ʱʱŶ˵ûʲôˡ
ʱһعȥˣ
ȥ
ʮĳһ죬ֻԭƵıգȻɫ䣡
һƬѹѹƣ֪Ӻʱֵ˻ɽϿաɫ磬ľף߰衣
ͬʱ˷ԻɽΪģʼתţں֮γһֱľ޴СʮɵһɶյķΧڲϵ󣬰ǧγۿɼС
еʽڵĶޱȵĹ͵Ķ֮С
ᵤ˽ᵤˣ
øʿǾģǾסģ׷פǰ߳ĵطɫȵȥ
ᵤˣ˽ᵤˣ
ʿһĻ૵ϵ죬ḻ֮
ʼɵģãȻģ¶Ľ֮񡭡
ᵤ飬һɣԪ٣ԪѾͳ졣
һЩĻʿʳָ󶯣˽ᵤʧܵĻôһþˡ
ѡĶɽٵص㼫ΪΣΪӮһʱ䣬ҲΪԼһЩ׼ʱ޺ͳѾڵغֹһʿǰҡ
Сӣ͸ͲҷųСҲǴͻƵıԵڱεĻСпͶɽˡ
ڴʱͽųĻߵٵһĻͱʣ
һףƾʵһδεֵ˴ε٣ҲζҪʮĵףǰʮӦѶȣʮһ֮ʱ
һֱӦԵͣɫһ䣬е׹⽣һâնһײһ
ǿһ
һ̳ǿ¡
ʮ׺֮ǰȫһΣһϱ̹һ׻ϣһɫĻ΢͵Ҳ׵£첻κεΣ
ɽҲһʿʵ֣ͬǶɽ٣Щ˿ɶȹЩȴ֮»ҷȻǰһ֡
ǿĹͱ׺ͼǿĹű׽оݣһֱʮ׶ûгʲô⡣
ĵףͿɲ˿Ĵ⣬ĵǿģʮֵľӦԡ
¡һ֮ʱһɫĻ𣬾Ȼײ£
նһնһҲһ֮»ҷ֮ϵĽƶ롣
һɢ֮һ⽫УǼҪ̵͵ĵۣһöѾͣһڲϵһö𵤱֮ǰնɱĻ˵Ľ𵤻Ҫһȭԡ
һЩʿɢȥ֪ԼѾûлᣬһɽٳɹĽᵤʿ֮ԽˣЩ˲ûͣǼǰһ½ᵤʿԵڻ֮طһᵤʿɽҲǲѡ
ǿֻһķѵĵ죬ϿһˣȻɽ֮Ѿ뿪
ᵤ֮ˣԶǧ֮ĸ߿зš
ᵤ֮ҲʼҪԼı׻ʽѾüޣһƣ׻ʽǿһ֡
ڴ֮ǰҪСӷųɽ٣츳СӣһޣʵȻһʵķԾ֮ǰԼʵԭ򣬲СӶɽ٣Ѿû˼ˡ
һ죬ͱ㽫Сӷ˳
ûгСҲǻϲѣ͵ļߴߴĽš
һֱסϢ˲ɢظӦʱѹ߿裡
ᵤ˽ᵤˣһЩʿĿſеĽơ
̶һ֮У֮оȻ˽ᵤ֮ĸҲҪˡ
˳ٵķΧĿΧСӶɽٷͬѰ޶ɽٵĳɹʱͱʿҪͣ˴Ļ³ɹʸͣȻǰƻ
ʹǰǽᵤʿҲһսͻ֮ʱͻͨʿҪ񣬼ʹǸͻҲȽᵤڵʿ϶٣ϼǿͨϽᵤڵʿҲδػ䡣


303 ţС
𣡡һףСӻȻ壬Ӳס
޼᲻ݵ޷Сӵһ˿˺ۣСӾһ޵׶һ㣬׵
֮õСӣײô£Ͼ֮ȱٵľˣڱΧ֮жһ˿׵
Ӳ򵥰Ӳô׾Ȼһ鶼ûУ˿Сͣɵշ֮ġ
һͷϺõޣһʿʵһʹǽᵤʿ֮УһͷҲǺܳģ޴ﵽǻѾ࣬һЩ츳Ѿܹ˵
Ҫշһѵ飬Ȳ˵ûʵʹӵн޴ſµʵЩҲ⣬඼ƴһ֪£Աڵ
ʿҲֻܷһЩ޵Ѽܹʵ̫ˡ
ʱǰһǧѷĻᣬСڶɽٵĹؼʱ̣ĸΪʱ򣬶СҲδ޵У黷ôǶ˵ʵȻܹշһͷ츳ޡ
ȴЦһλѻȥѵҪĳֲɣ
ɳɺ骲ɵĶһۣǶӶԷп˾飬ѾԼϢû뵽ǱԷˣοֻһոսᵤᵤ»ʮꡣ
Ƕ֪ͽᵤʱѾ𵤶͵Ļ°Ͷܵ
ر߾̨֮ѲҪҶˣɳЦһһᵤڣһᵤڣǽᵤڰһɣ
Ѿλء͵˵
ɳЦһΪôúŪûǩԼҲû黷ȻΪƭ𣿡
һ飬еɱһ
ߣ½ᵤʿ͸˲񣬽Ҿ֪ʹͬǽᵤڣʵҲر𣡡骴һһɳ¡
ȻҲǽᵤڣҲ˱Ľᵤʿķʮ֮һɥһԽһСɽըѡ
͵۹⿴һɥҲֻƷϲ̨棬Ǳ˰꣬Ҳһķ֮ǰ׺թߵལ硣
ᣡһɫıնת˲Ŵɥն¡
ֻһɥζ骴Ϊʹæٻ˿ɥһ棬ɥϱ㱻նһȱڡ
ˣЦһ
ɫ𶴸֮зֵģ˽Ϊ꽣ޱȣ骵ĿɥҪ̫߳ˣͨʿõⱦȻᵱɱƣǶ˵罣Ҳֻǲķˣ׹⽣˵ȹűһĲ࣬˵Ǿתеǿ׻ʽˡ
ֻһͿɲ̫ȻҪΪԼõķ
ҷҲȱǿĹűһȣҲףԵѾǹˡ
骲ŵĿĽ罣
ԭΪ½ᵤʿܹԼΪȹףڷǲܵ飬ᵤʿķһҪķʮ๦ƣһ½ᵤʿƳ֮ǿķһ֮±㽫Ŀɥ١
ɳɼ骳Կһ֣Ȼն¡
ɳǽᵤڵʿΪȻᵤڿɱȣҲǿ˲١
ʹⳤ͵ҲƷ׹⽣ͽ罣˫
غϣɳɵĳϾѾȱڣ罣׹⽣𣬷֮ıȽϸС
ɳ𾪵ǣ֮УԷۻޱȣʹᵤҲضãһ½ʿܹ쵽飿
¡һ׺СϵʱɫСӵ죬СȴȻ۾ƺǺһ̡
ˣɳɰ⣬Ѿȹ٣Ѿǰ϶飬Ҳ黷ܿˡ
֨عСһԾ͵ļϣǵ͵Ĳӣǡ
ⲻܣ骺ɳɲ˳ʿûκԼԼ£Ȼշһͷޡ
ֱʱǲţ֮ǰ˵ģԡ
ߣɳɰһɲ;ѾǺѶԸˣټһͷ޵ĻǱɡ
ߣСӣˣҿ֮жĽЦ
֨СһӴܵ骾һצ
骼æɥͼ赲Сӣǽȴ˾
꣡ɥӦϡ
骵ıɥȻСһצĶˣ
ۣ٣ҲܣһѪ
ȻûнСٶȼ죬ת֮Ѿ׷骣һֱ骵Ļ⣬骵ǡ
骼٣æϣֻҪ겻ͿԴͷ
ߣһɫ˲佫骵ɱ
骣ɳɼԼѱɱѽѣ˿ͣСӵĿֲѾʧȥ˵ֿ˼
ɳֻǰһһɫֱƿĻ⣬̽࣬漴һɳѿǵĻᶼûУͱնɱ
˵Ĵ֮ͱٻСӡ
֮СӹȻСûֳͬĲӬһ㽫һᵤڵʿˣֳǱϾԳı֪жǿʵ
˺úݵֶΣת˲λᵤʿ֮ҪˣһЩʿ̾
֮ȻϣǽᵤϵʿȴٳϾͬΪᵤʿҲöԷΪɵ˱˿ӣʵǵòʧ
֮һ֮½λᵤʿλᵤʿ֮кܳһʱ䲻ƽˡ
һʼٸߣʱȴһС֮ϣ֮۸ӣиɵӰӣϾ˭װ׷һƬԴʿĵطȻһֶУ
й׵˵˹׵һᵤڵĴ֣ռݴ˵֮һЩʿǰͶö֮ȻݱһУǰ˴׵ʿҲ
׵Ҳ֣ȻȲǣиȴ٣Ѿλᵤʿ
СӣѾǽᵤˣҲÿǰ޲֮˰ɣȫʢʱڣеʲô罣׹⽣ͬһ㣬ҴӦ㣬㽫޲ȫҿıԱĽ罣ǿһٱһǧ


304 ൤
ѪħջҲֻһЦ֮ʹ޷ɾ׻ʽҲѡѪħΪԼıʹѡҲѡҪ̫ˡ
ϵش󣬽ѪħΪңǶ϶ϲ޴ľٶġ
Ѫħ޶ԣֻڨڨЦЦ㲻ûϵԺͻ֪ѡǶôˡ
ʱ˵ɡ͵˵
׵̯λмҵڴţ⼸ҵ̵ıȻǿʵΪ֧ţȻҲٻ֮꣬ʹǹ׵˹˿ҲҪ⼸ҵһӡ
֮Уҩǲ٣лкܶûмģЩҩݴ඼ںף½֮ϸûһЩǻ֮еҩ
ڷĲǵҩҩ޵ڵÿһ̯λϻٵĶмƷҲӶȣɻ˶кô
ͲɵıϵѪħ֪ʲôԭ𣿡
ȻЩƵҩġѪħЦ
Ͳɵüͷ
ȻҲ֪ȴʹã֮Ҳûмҩĵ
ɽɽˮˮ֮жľޣһȻҲͶˣǧݱ䣬֮ҲΪҪԭϵĵҩѪħںĽ͵
֮ж٣ûܹ˵ÿһʱ䣬ͻдΧ޵Կƿֲ
һ֮ڣ̺ʿĽʿֱʳһöƷ̺֮Ŀ񱩵һᵤʿǻ֮ʿģǧ̽һЩʿ㴴кķڻ֮
𽥵Ļ֮ϱרɱ޶ȡʿƵĵҩͨĵҩҩЧҪǿϼ֣ӮʿʿڻǺõҩǿ
һҲֻǱռһЩҩӵĴ㣬ϾҩȻѾ°֣Ǵ඼֮еҩһ궼ûС
˼߽һСӻ̣ҪĶ˴룬ʣδ򵽵ĽϡƷ˼Ҳˡ
һɣʼ͵Ҳ򿴿ȥˡ
עصĻǳ۵ҩ͹伮ĵ̡
Ͼĵҩ඼ʹõģڽᵤܹõĵҩһûУȻᵤʿͬԷûЩҩЧȴҪۿۣⲻϣģϣ˵ؿյһš
ڹȻﲻʲô׵ģһģͿ˽⵽֮ʿʲô͵Ĺ
һȦתﾪˣ
Լһҵҩſʴ˵ؿڵĵʱǵ̵ĻƾȻһѾͶʮŸ͵ĵû;ҧͷ
ò˼飬ϸ鿴еʱ˾ɵˡ
ЩȲĵҩҪԭϾȻ֮ҩģǸֵȽ׵ڵرǼֺϡеҩҪƷҵڵſƳ
ȻЩҩͬҪһЩݲơЩУЩݳ׳˸Ĳϣȫҩ档
ǣһĵ˴졣
ڵƵĿУԼ͵ļ۸˼õģãȻ˳
Ƭ̺󣬻Щĵҵҩ̣ڵĵͽ׵Ҫڵи߽׵˵ġ
ʵЩ̲סͣСĵѯһҵ̵ƹ񣬵ڿвڵĸ߽׵ʱǵһֽ׳յĿ⿴ͺһ󣬲˵һ䣺߽׵ҩڵƣʲôԭƣ
˴˻ЩǱ˳ǳˡ
Ȼ֮ʿĵߵһֺ;ȫͬĵ·ǾѺе޵ҩʹˡ
ϸ룬ƺҲܺ
ϾԴ󺣵ޱ޼ʣ޲ǹҲܽ䳹ײ׽ȻȾݵǿˣЩҲǴӹžתĹŷɣ
ڻ֮ĹˮϵΪϾޱ޼ʣˮϵռ˵ʹˮʿҲˮϵͨ
ЩƷʵǲҹάҲ˾תԵʰɣ׵ûһ۵ġ
һҵ֮У͸߼չ˼ŽᵤܹõĵһǉԪǽᵤʿΪĵҩ
Щֻ֮ǸˣҪԪҩٶƷ޵޵Чá
˼Ȧ֮ͱ㽫Щݹȫһջ
һС֮й֮ʱƹıѾҪƉԪƼһݣԼİɱޡ
ݣƷݣо޴ջֻ轫һƬҶӵã֭Һ뺣ˮ֮У֮ʿ඼ǲַݴͣɱޡ
Ͼ֮࣬һͷͷȥңҲʵ̫鷳ⷽļ򵥣˷ҲһΣԣһЩĻʿ˵һˡ
;Ҳã㽫¡
ͻС֮󣬱뿪˹׵
֮һߵĵϽ䣬󷨲˵࣬һǳϫúˮغˣ֮ʹޣһʱҲѲ
һǱ࣬һˮմǻ󷨶Ϊϼǿķɱ޲ڻ¡
ͽ֮飬֮ݵѾǧ꣬޵ջΪǿ
ʹ֮еСҲԵֵջͷֵ磬ֲ˱Χ⼸СһҪˡ
ݵı仯Ҳһ㲻Ʒļ޵Ļ
ˣһδɫҺ˺ˮ֮С
һζˮ֮жݵζֻҪ޾⵺İﷶΧȻᱻζ֮С
«ưڵһҲһݵҺ塣
Ѿô㣬ǼûĻͻٵһΣζķΧ
͵ĵȻǶģ͹ǧݶ޵жôĴ
ǿϢٿ
ȻѾ׼һͷޣﻹе㲻
ͻȻˮⲨˮ´޵ŭ֮
ͷѾ˳ϫķΧסá
𣡡һҲһŭȻ֮Ҳˡ
͸оԶмͷڼٵĿ͵ʱ䲢ˣ


305 ɱȡ
ס޲ϵײ󷨣ϫ޵ĳײ֮ҡҡ׹
֪Լٵˣһˮ˺ˮ֮С
˻
ոճ뺣ˮ֮У;Ͳɵĵһס޾ȻƷޣĿܣֲֻ۾Ķ
һ޳ǻΣյͨ޼ֻһͨӵͨѾ츳ˡ
ʹСϹޣչֳױȵ֮⣬ҲûһͨĿȴһ⣬ֻ۾ÿһֻ۾ӵһͨûֻ֪۾ͨʲôͷ۵顣
ɣһܴɣĿ֮⣬ҵһ߻һͷ֪ڷأͷҪǺϻһĻ;ǳԲ˶ˡ
ˣͺġ
ͭףֻһɫӰηĴĿܡ
Ǳͭ׿ܣ֮еõĲ϶Ǳǿͭ׿ˣͭ׿ܵȫ͸ڽᵤʿ֮£ҪûиоȻҲ֪־ʲôܷӳ
ۣͭ׿ܵĳǹĿܵĸһѪ
ĿϵƤӲޱȣǸȴޱȣһǹȥīɫѪҺ˲ںˮ֮
īɫѪҺͻȻһɲõԤУֻīɫѪҺ֮еﶼ˲
ãѪҺо綾ʹ󾪡
ѪҺ֮жо綾ĿδҲֲ̫һЩɡ
ͭ׿ܲ綾ĿܵĸʮѪĺ򶼱īɫһЩʵС˲㱻綾ĺˮ
ɣֻĿм۾һɫĹâ
ͣˮ֮͵жûһѸݣһһɫĹâڡ
ûеһѸʯҿʼȫӣ
䣡һڵĻڶϵ·ڵĻ֮лΪ˻ҽ
Ŀܵһֻ۾֮оȻܹʯĹߣͻһ·׷ٻ٣Ȼ˶Ҫʯͷ
ʯĿ֮ͨеһְˣȴѾûмʶͨˣ뾡콫ĿնɱȻ
˫һһѱˢˢıĿܣ׹⽣ͽ罣Ŀܵĸᴩ͵һȣˮ֮˲һɴ𣬽ĿܰûãĿܱûϢ
һѱսĸԱߣһöˮɫȭͷСƷʲףƷ޵
𣡡һ޵ŭԽԽⱩѾ赲̫õʱ䡣
ߣͻһϺ˵һߣͭ׿ܺͼ׵ķһٷĹ㽫һͷնɱһöīɫҲˡ
ȻһöĿܵһԲ󣬵޵ڵͬ졣
£Ͷڲϵնɱޣȡһ½Ľᵤʿ˵ɲһ׵顣
ת೤ԶͨʿܹģȻܹ˸ǿȵսгõջҲ൱ϲˡ
ڲɱ֮ҲһãǧݵζѾ㹻ˣͲҪ뺣ˮ֮Уֻôһ壬޷ֻ޴УͱԽûݵջҲǰ͵İȫ̶ȡ
ӦҲֻйǧϵݲŻȻЩ֮ʿͷˡ
һΧĸ£ͱ»һ죬ȫɱЧҲΪߡ
ɱ޵ʱҲûзʲô⣬ƷһܶԸһ£Ʒ۷޵ĻͿûˣޣͶΪϲߡ
һΣݵζһͷļޣļޣǿԪӤڵĴڣѾܹΪΣʵһǿŵֱһǧݣ֮ززˡ
һεĽѵҲҰݵݴĹߣÿһݵݶǿǧңÿ¶ܻɱʮͷޣõĻʮͷ⡣
Щ޵͸Ϳˣʰ˼ûС
ںСȴںСÿһζֻǿͳ֣һʰսƷ޵Ҳ֪ҪȥԱ㽫һЩ޵ȫ˳רҪһװʱͳһȫǵɻˡ
ҲǵǲǱСӴˣԺѰҲѧɴ鶼ˣֻ깤֮ͽưȡ
ֱţͬʱҲĽЩСһֱܹЩڵڵҲкôҲǡ
ɱȿΣգǾΣյһӾ͹˰֮꣬ԼԼɱ˶ޣ֮У޵ڵѾɶѵķˣ޿¾Ѿһˣ͵ΪǿĶҲһƵ飬һȥʮͷޱˡ
Щ֮УҪһöɫΪҫۣһöƷһ;һ£һͷƷĽԴ͵֮УܣǷ˺ۣȻˣһͷƷ޶ջ󲻿ν
Сӣͭ׿֮㶷ʱŽԸҲˣɹҲϲ˵ģһöƷ޵ڵֲһˡ
֮Уͱ޻ˣڼĵĵҩһ֣ջǾ֮
˵õ⣬͵õϡ޲ϸǲ֮жѳһСɽˡ
ڻɱ޵ĲɱУԼʵսĥĳ뻯˲ɱ޵ĶСɡ
ͣǵһͷƷޣҲ޾ɫĴӦˡ
£һ仰һ㶼ת֮ѾʮˣڷѾһүүˣһСӰˣפյòԶǶʮӣڽᵤʿ֮Ҳںġ
ʮ֮ǰᵤһ׵飬ҲֻһЩܰ쵽
תתѾЧתԲĻᵤҲͲԶˣ⿴Ƽ򵥵飬ȴңңڣᵤ֮ÿǰһҪŬͻԵȻҲôʿ궼֮
ҲΪԼᵤ֮ɸǣ֮бǿ˺ʵ̫ˡ


306 
ڻ֮Ⱥӵ޺ĻĴߡ
޵ˣƼȦЩޣһ㶼׷̫Զ
ĻʿȻŹ䵥ͣʱõСҪһغ
֮ɲ̫ƽһЩᵤʿרԴΪϾְҵΪҵʦҪ׬ǮЩʿûɲȥ
ԼʹǽᵤʿһɱޣµľЩˣֻڻ֮꣬Ȼһζûϣò˵ܺá
Ѱһĵ£ͱһס
˵ɵλᵤʿһػĵ죬ʹڻǺ֮ᵤʿҲǲСķɵҪȹ׵Ҫʢ֣ϸһС͵
ɵҲǶģڵϿٸǿֳĸԽԽŨʿҪɸ߰ķãǽᵤʿȴʹá
ңɴ˾˴ĽᵤʿɵϳפĽᵤʿͲʮλһ޴ʵ޵ΧЩʿôɵʼն̩ɽ
ȻǽᵤڵΪûмɵĴ㣬ֶ̣׳԰סĻԺʲôҪĻҲþܾ
ǧʯ֮ҪһϲĶƹܶʿһö̵ƽͣסĶ
ÿжػƿ·֮⣬ҲֻˣֻһöһڲرգʹԼҲ޷⼫̶ϱ˽ᵤʿ˽Ͼ˭ϣԼڱ˵ļ֮£˿ĶסҲסĲġ
ÿһ㶼йĿռ䣬ͽʱͷмᵤʿͥԺ֮н̸Լľ˷
汾ˣڼ֮пߵøԶ
ֻǳżѺõĵ˵ͷ˶֮Уƿ
ᣡɵϺʱĽᵤʿһ߿͵òɵľ̾һ
ͱֳòǶʮ꣬ʹߺ˥ϣǽᵤʿᣬʵټ
Ӧʲôӵפ֮ЧĹɣȻҲˡһ췢Ц
췢󺺵Ц༸Ҳɵĵ˵ͷ͵۲ɵĵ˼֣ϾפչãֹĴ඼ǰŮޣڶ֮ҪԲСĿ
һվʱ䣬ͽڷ֮йݣ죬ȻݵΪ˴ĵҩ
ķȻͬһ֮;ͬ飬ͷԼѧַͬãȻǰʧ˶ΣǴ֮˳࣬Ʒ׵ԪĳɹҲͿĳɰҡ
ᵤ֮ͶƿҲ˺ܴĽҪڸ顣
֮ɱһգ֮Ҳ˴ĉԪЩԪ඼ƷƷͷ֮У£ЩƷԪɱƷʱҩЧǿ
˽ᵤڣζŴӴɽǰˣԪǴﵽ˿ֲ֮ãԺ԰ĵˡ
ҪǣڿʹõƴĥԼķˡ
˵͵ĵҲǷͬѰ𶼱͵Ľ֮УȫȫΪ͵һ֡
˵𷨱Ͼһ罣һȣһѪħ
ѪħֱӱͷһߣѪħ̫죬ʹǳΪᵤʿͻûаտȫƿһѽԻôš
ڽ罣ȣǲ׵ķȣڵʼնͱѡ񣬰ʱ䣬ͽĥĲˣնɱ֮ʱû
׻ʽıϵ죡΢΢̾˿
׻ʽˣƵĲҲΪ̣еҪϾϵϣתҲг˼ֿõĲϡ
һֱļһֱǾ֮ϣױоĥ׾ֶͽ͸סˡ
ļ൱ԪӤڵĴڣȥɱһͷļޣԴ׸ˣǾ֮ϵױ򣬸һյأʹԪӤʿҲδظ̤㣬һᵤʿкɡ
׾ϡ٣ʹױ֮дʮҲδҵһţҪ뼯һ׻ʽ׾֪Ҫá
ԴҲֻܿЦһЩռ߰˰ˣȴסˡ
ʱҲֻܳȥһˣϾ½ᵤãЩ˽Ĳ࣬ҲʿϵҲ˵
һ⻪̤˶ʱ߰λᵤʿ۵
ͳǲɵĶĿ⿴͡
ͣλˡЦ
ѣһһᣬϷԼƵƣǲĻһɵԵ֣һߴӺ«֮еһɫĳҺ塣
һֱ͵ıǿףޱȡ
ƱԼƵҪǿϲ٣һȥԵֵĿ๦
þƣ̲ס̾
ͷƿɲ򵥰ҵҲǾܺȵԱһЦ
촽ɢʹѾǣȻݼ㣬ҪǿΪĹЧǳڷõĻΪǴ洦
Ϸﾲɣ⼸λϷĺѣЦ
ԭѣһһᣡҲ
ᵤʿ֮ĵĻܶ࣬ÿͱ⼸ʿЩ˶ɢޣɵ˵˵ǽһСͬˣŽһҲ֮ռһϯ֮ء
˻Լĵãͽᵤڲʮңߣתޱȣ̸֮Ҳﾲһ˻ǳﾲɼΪƽᵤʿҲͲ٣ڽᵤ˲·
ѣ֪֮ʲôϵʵ
ϵⶫɲƷﾲʵ
һƣ˵ͷҲûʲôġ
ˡҶ죬ѵƺҲΪҪϵϵǿʺԼĲõģѼȻǻǻƻϵȽϺáﾲȰ
ЦЦ¶ϵжӣѾĪȰˣ
ﾲҡҡͷֹڴˣ˵ĻͲˡ
ϵȽټϷҲûʲôϢ֮ô󣬱Ȼеġﾲ˵
ҵ˵ŷɳһ˵
棡ʹϲ


307 ľ
ŷɵ˵ͷ˵֮еӣõһؽľֲɵϡ
ľһ
ľļʿɼΪ˵ֻ׵ܼ֮أ꾭׵ľǧݱпγɣľ̺׵֮ļĺ֮еĻҪǿƾ׻ʽٺʲˡ
⽵ľһβиʹӷѾֶΣҲ޷ȻҪ⽵ľƷĻҪʧˡﾲ̾˿˵
ﾲɵĻʧѣԭΪ׻ʽȴû뵽ʱ
תһ룬飬δزܽһؽľȻֳֶֽΣҲǲܵ顣
Ҫ֮һһؽľҲ£Խľ֮ϡУʹһزиֵҲɹһȻǲɶõıӵõ⽵ľô궼ɼ⽵ľӡ
ѣҿ˰ɣ⽵ľӵıóȻǰȥ»ŭӡﾲȰ
лѣѾ͵ޱȵļᶨȻҪȥһ֮һˡ
ɵܹڻ֮겻ɹûΪ֮ΨһŮԣӵΪҲС˵Ѿﵽᵤ۷壬Ҳֻһ֮ңˡ
ɵĶ⣬ɵ룬Ҳ룬Ϊ֮أʹǽᵤʿĶ֮еҲĶ֮һҡ
ͣӣ͸ؽƣֱӴӵĶ֮С
ڱչصü΢֮֮ǰû˵Ǵ²һĽᵤʿ
ֻӶʯŻ򿪣һ׵ŮӺȻ͵ǰ˵Ҳа꣬ǱȴĺãȥǶʮˣͷùפյĻôȻĹפ֮Ч
Ҳͬ𾪣Ҳ˲Сĳ
ͣݼӣ֮һӣͲ
ѣΪ£΢΢һЦ
͵˵ͷӿ˿ôҲˣ˵żȻõһؽľ
ɫһ䣬ϵЦ˲ʧĸɸɾȡ֮һ֮ɫѣذɣľʲôģû˵
ӱ֮죬ͿЦѣǾôҲڲ͵ĸԡ
Ϣŭǳĳһؽľ˵ˣǶĳ˵ȴŲãĳԸùűӽ
һ㶣ڱ˵ùűԾѣűϹʿķȻڣȴҲʡȥõĥֱ֮ӷӳܣʹҲһű
͵ĽҲò¿һ£⽵ľٺã޷ȻҲһؿľܻȡһűҲֵá
ӽ˶֮С
Ͳɵ˿Ӵ˾ҲζŽľ֮ϷűмѪꪣޣ׹⽣ͻѪ׹⽣ͻѪͲóܹҲ޺Ѫˡ
ѣ֪֮ǰ˵ԸùűǷʵһ˫ĿЦӭͣĿ֮һ˿ľ⡣
һӴ͵ҵ֮һĪȣӽõգͷһĪĳ嶯·һŮӽʲôͬһ㡣
ӣһֳУ԰εĸо
Ĺ
ʧ֮ʱԺ֮˲ͷ
ӿ࣬벻ȻĹһʱ죬Ȼ˴Ůĵ
ӴʱȴһĹѾó뻯ʹͬǽᵤڵʿҲѲˣοһᵤڵʿ
ߣһݣñתתһƴ֮ðʩչĹһȻá
ýᵤڣҪ̤ᵤڵӣȻһᵤڵĺ󱲸ѹסˣ´ȥû˻š
ߣӣǺιʣһϢϾɵʹӲĶ֣ҲҪ˼ɣҲֻǸһѵ
벻ҲͨĹոյ̽Щ³çˣӿ͵лԴһ˿⡣
ľ
óһһָ֮УһڵĿľͲɵĶݡ
ʹǿľ̺׵֮Ҳ㹻Ȼôľƾ׻ʽʹǣҲܹ࣬ȻƳľ׻ʽȻס
ʮǰһһؽľʱ⽵ľӲϴ֮ʱκǿɵĽľֻʣһزиĶ֮»ΪɻҡЩ߾ȫʼն޷ȻһزиԴ˸еĿ͡
ͽһؿľУϴĸоĵ˵ͷһϱűѪꪣޡ
ĳ˵㻰Ѫꪺޣѡһ˵
ϵűһӱ㱻
ϵͺϵűǺԭΪóĹűͨɫ벻Ȼϡеı
пɣڵõ׹⽣֮ǰһֱõĹűڵõɼ׹⽣֮޵ǲˣһؽľҲﾡá
ӼԥľѡޣҲ⣬ϾֻҪ΢еӵ˶ѡޡ
ĳǣһؽľ֮ͱ뿪ӵĶ֮ǰĹͶòŮɵ²С˴Ů
ֱӻصԼĶ֮Уֱ֮Уһؽľиں֮Уֻϣһؿľ
ҲȻûй͵ľؽʱڵϾȻһ̵ѿ漴ĽڵҲʼ䣬¶ƵɣһؿľѾֻȴʱһؽľȫɣʱ׻ʽ
ʱԭȽֻһָСĽľѾһңϽɫĵ绡ž죬ȻѾԶˡ
ʱͻһֱ֮аؼıʱȻ賤֮ʮıҲֻһңǴʱȴۿɼٶȼٳɳ̶һʱѾǹ˽ľ


308 
ͳԾ鷢ˣľϽɫĵ绡ȻȻ󱻱ϵɫ绡ɣ
ǿĽľʱͬӤһ㣬޻ֻ֮ĿԼ׵类ȡͬǿһΪʹΪƣ⽵ľƾ׻ʽģʧ
ҲͼϱǿоձֵºޱȵıΧ񱩵׵޷ǰֺҲֻĿš
ʱҲһ䣬ɫ׵ķΧһ󣬺ȥؼ󣬲һٷĹķΧԭһҡ
ĽףʹñĳɳΪѸ٣յٶҲӿ˲٣⽵ľôҲϵľܹ֮ʤ޼˰Ҳ˷֮ģɫĵ绡ͼƱ
Щɫĵ绡ȫգΪɳϡ
ҲǺ޽Ƶİᣬ⽵ľ֮ʱֹͣᣬȹϼʱȽľָ֮ʱ¿ʼӶᡣ
ܶʼ¹󣬱ѾһһĶǴ̵ҶӺҶһ޶
ĳɳҲһͷˮݵʱֲ֮еģʱҲֻΪѣ⼸ʮҲûбֳʲô쳣
ڽľһϵľĳ֣ʹñ賤ӽľӶΪ˱õϡ
ͽľ֮ĹϵҲǵӶ뱻ӶĹϵõľɳ֮ɢϢľ֮γһѭ
һ֮󣬽ľͱ֮Ѿγһƽ⡣
֮󣬵һ䣬ֻһر̸һظϳѿֻһʱ䣬³ɡ
Ͷڱ仹Ųѣ±ʲô⣬һĳɣ͵ĳ
ıңֱ۴Сһʮɽ
԰Ϊʲôƾ׻ʽأһ
Զڽľ֮ϣƳľ׻ʽԱȽľҪǿϲ٣ҷ֮࣡
;ϲѣһ
ǺȻӵǿ˵ͬʱҲԱʡ
ȻһֱҲֻǵʱʿְˣⱾͲ֡
֪ر֮УҲûкͱƵģȫ֮ͬһ㣬Ҳӵһ֣ԺֻһıȻܹ֪Ŀ
صЩӣһһָźڵһһ㡣
ʱǸıɳ˺ӣƯǰˡ
ɫ֣صһӨһ
ԽԽŨһſڣһϸ˿ɫѿڶǰıϡ
žһһϽɫĵ绡ӱˣĽ˿俿벽
Ļоһɫϴ֣˲绡ӱһ֮ͬУʼ̡
ıȽϴ󣬵ҿͶԴ׼һųͬʱֻ־ͬʱץһɫʯͬʼеʯҲʼ䲻ʱִͳһŵҩȥ
ЩҩʹתΪ̺ĳ׼־սͣ޿֡
ǰʱȥˣĵ绡ӱľɢˡû赲ɫֱյı塣
ٹպӱڻļЩλʼĸɫСҺ
һʮʾһСıɫŨҺ
ճޱȵӣ
鲻Һ壬ʹһֻҪܹ˱ͺˡ
գͿеĵһֵͣʯ
ʮָһţʮָϸ˿˿òҺС
͵ָͣߵǣ£Һſʼת
˿ǣ£һСҺз˳ͬƯڸĿС
۾΢΢ʮָһʮж˿
һ£зɳʮ׹⣬ЩҺ·гһȦʮһСС
ЩУȫĳϾİƳɣޱȣҲֻСѡ
͵һиŲ˿
һ䡱ִͿ³ڿеճҺȫӦ¡
಻٣һװһ顣
ͽи·ʱɫһķ
ǵһᴿˣҪЩҺһᴿʹǶ˵ҲǼ޵
תۼ䣬µʱȥˡ
ͷ˾ţڽб˴֮Һ̬ڡ
Ѷȳ͵ĵ𣬵ͬѰʱҪʮ
ͿʮУɵ˿Ѿɡ
ţڶڲ󷨣Ǿתصģƾ׻ʽģһ󷨾ͻµĹÿһÿһֺһ򽣻٣˿Ҵ⡣
һ£ܹת֮Ͳſʼ¸衣
˴Ҫʮ׻ʽʮʮɷǾת֮׵󷨣Ծ׻ʽǺεȵݳޣʹǾת˿ҲûԾ׻ʽô
ҲԾ׻ʽΪģ౦Թűͨڷ
һ֮ûôϵƾ׻ʽҪ˶ıʵ£ʹ˾Ҳǹ
ȡһСƿװĺȻɳҵЩɳɷͲٵĹػؼ˲°ٱ飬֮Ѱɳ
׼ɳͱ˷ĩֻͷɡ
ڵϵƿƿ޹޾Ͳ°ٸȻΪ˴˿Ѿ׼ãЩ϶ޱȣһЩֻУѹε˶ϣҪƾ׻ʽ뻹Ҫʮꡣ
ɫȻһӣʮװҺУ׷˷ĸĳַš
ʽϻӡľҲӴнӶطɳȫǰд˸ӣ¶Ѵظָϡ
һЩϣһϥ±˫Ŀ뵽ڤ֮С
һٷʱһðϼ
Щϼһ֣÷Ƕʯҫ۹âһת
Ӳʮָɵһ˿ǣűҺӺڷɳ
ķۡۡڴֵĹӸýЩҺڣǹ޷ֺ
Σ±˫ĿŲæĽǿʶ˳ȥеĹƿ֮С


309 
ʱЩͬһʼ˸ıɫ
һĻˣЩ֪ٴεĲͣúɫһ
پһεıɫеĹȫ˻ɫ̶ӳŹеҺӵĴΡ
ޱ飬һţһɫĵѿһ֮ϡ
ꡱȼɲǼ仯ΪһɫĻ
ͺɵһڽһڵĵеĹȼ
ʮɸߵĻҫ۵ĺ⡣
ЩеҺʶ֮Ĳ£ʼ
һԲ⣬Ȼһ糤Ľ߾ͽĳ̬ˡ
˵ļ򵥣ʵ;һһҹĲݺʮӨӨҺ̬ɽʽڸ֮С
ʹһ΢һɣ͸еԴЩʹЦ
ͬʱҪʮѷɽĳΣʹôǿʶ˵Ҳһǿ֮顣
ʹҪʶѾɣͻǲҶи
һеĻ˼󣬺ȻƾʧˣֻЩ̵СڿС
˫һҵ㣬еСķ˹Χм䡣
ŸʮСͻȻ΢һҪһ㣬һھѪǰ۳һСѪš
ȻѪ͵Ĳ£ÿڽ϶Ρ
ѪһӴҺ̬ķɽ̷ɿĶУӰ١
ƱһΪؼⷨһɾͺʿҲⱦȲķʱԽǾãӳԽǾ޴
ºúֳϵһ״һ㣬ЩϷԶȵÿڽ֮ϣǶʱ
һкɫĩ
һкзĩϣǳΪ˴ԼıǲϧѪָ϶ʮʮСĵİ֮һĸȫʮڽ֮Уͽõɳȵʮڽ֮ϣȻٴλʮ÷ɽڣʼٴ
ʹʮɽҲһҵɳʣµɳʮɽ
һΣͿɲڶɽһƣһѰѵİϸ
«ưģʼʶɽϿӡһЩҲ΢ͷ;ת֮иͼһģһ
̷Ϳɲ˿Ĵ⣬ÿһʶԵҪ
ĸºڴ˳
ʱȻЩ㲣ȴ˷֮顣
һ뵽ڵʮ׻ʽ;̲ס΢̣¶ڲסϲ⡣
Ϊױǰǰ󻨷ʮĹûгʲôƳˡ
ȻûвԹ˱ʹûоĥɽҲԶɥ֮ͨϣʮ׻ʽնɱᵤ׾ٵ顣
׻ʽһɣͲĽᵤʿ嫵֮Ҳһ˿Ա֮
һֱѹе˼ڴ˿Ҳȫһʮ꣬ԶԵ˺飬ȴʼһ֮
ԵˮˣʼնĲ¡
ѾǽᵤʿҲʱȥһԼĵܵˡ
ƽɵ֮ͱ㻯һϺ뿪˻ֱ֮ӳŻ֮ڵĴȥ
֮֮дŴССĴЩǻ֮еͨݣһЩҲڻ־󣬷ʿ
Щ֮еĽܴеܴеֱӿ֮أ֮ңת˲ɵִ͵Ĵ󻨷Ҳ൱Ӵ󣬶ÿζҪõһʿܿ
ʹеĿҲǼݰˣ֮Զ͵Ĵ㹻ˣҲƷʯҲƷʯҲҪȵʿﵽһ֮ŻῪڴڼҲֻܵȴ
֮еôĲһԽʡʱ䣬֮Ͳ̫ƽķкױ˶ϣôǰȫ˲١
һʱ֮󣬴ֻƹܴʿ֮ǱһƷʯһķ룬һ⽫ڵʿס˲ʧԭء
һյĹ֮󣬼ĳĴһһٶʿ¶˳ͺȻС
ͷƹܴĴ඼ǽᵤʿҲǣ⴫һ޴ҡǮǲغõĻҪװʧ
ͲϤʿ֮вȱˣһЩʿд⣬ȻγһСķУͻ˼ʮʯһݼݵͼ˼ݸɵλãΧһЩСҲ֣ȫ
ϾСɳϦҲǷ֮ˣЩͼʿҲԱûȥ֤ЩɵĴ
ԵˮڵལźŶеƫµɣвûԪӤʿ
ҲʾܣϾյ֮ʱҪȵڼ򵥲٣ӲϿҲһ֡
Ͳ鿴һµͼڵλˮڵűȽϽӽͱ㽫ݵĵһվţᵤڵΪҲܵõŵ𾴣ǿԵĻҲ뽫ˮӳһжҪˮ˼ҲǿϾи˵
û뵽ǣһʱ鷳֮Уɽ֮ͻȻһâ𣬲͡
һ㽫âŷһöڵԲ飬ɢŶ
ںһƬɽ֮н䣬ܿ㷢һ̲̲īɫҺ塣
﷢򶷡ͲĿΧֲ쳣һ


иһɲǣԶҽ͵͵ıˣ


310 ʬ
͸ϵ֮ʱֻ̬ªĽʬڿʳʿʬ壬ʿʬѾʳĲȱȫȻĲˡ
ֳвĺۼһЩĲƬɢڵϣʿǰҲȻʬĶ֡
û뵽ҲЩһͲɵЦһֻӳ棬㽫ʬͬǱʳʬ廯Ϊ˻ҽ
öԲĺɫԲ鱻ֻʬڵʬ飬ʬûʲôôȴԸʳ
һ㱻ʬ˫ƵĿͣͬʬ˵о޴
ͽʬ齻֮󣬱㱻һ¡
䣡һöɫĻͻȻϮ
ͽһһöɫĻ򣬵Ǳеȴĸã󻯳һ̲࣡
龰Ͷ̲סüͷɫĻԺĻ̫һͨͲ˵ĸʴ
飡ûеʹö
ߣһһɽᵤʿеѹ˲ͷųǿѹ֮£öɫĻ˲㴵ɣ
ۣ
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һһ˲⼸˵סһˡ
͵ϮһŮʱǶˣɫ԰ףʱпɥΣա
ͶԴҲֻܿЦһҲû뵽ͷһѹܽЩСˣ֮ΪߵҲڣΪ͵ڶδﵽʮһˡ
ӳһ«ȷǵưɡ
Ϊߵһ㶣Ϊһˣû뵽;ȻŹǡ
ͲûЩģϾʿͽᵤʿ֮һ޴ĺ蹵ģЩʿûʸ
֮˵ɫźÿ˲٣ȻĿͣᵤʿ˵ͬһĴڡ
˵ɣΪʲô͵Ϯңޱʵ˿ʱЩʲô
ᣬⶼᣡڵеӾֵ˵
᣿һöҿԵᣬǵڶһֵİɣͲˡЦһ
һЦͬһ㣬ȫ
һֱڱѣҲԳ˰ɣͻȻ˵
ȴûκεķӦ
ĪҪһɺɫĻС
ѺȻܹңһЦһȻٱ֣ɴҲأǵĸ˹˵ǰ
ϣͬϣһ㡣
³¾ʬڳϣ֪Ǻˣʵ
ͣһɢްˡ
ԭѣΪոյʧˣ
һöʬ·˵أͻȻϿУãҲΪһʬһֱ׷ҵ˵İɣŵڿнµһöԲ顣
һöԲҪ͸ոյõöҪһңɫҲӵԲ
¾˵ͷöʬҷѾţ֮ŵõģ뵽ᱻӣǵܹԭٺòˡ
ԭͿų¾ɵЦ
ѲҪʬΪѣ¾ɫһ䡣
˺ԺϣܹһöʬܹһͷʬʬɲôŪģǺͼӾĲ壬ҲʹҲӡ
Ҫʬѹˣ˪Ķų¾
ѣʬɽʬڵĵ̣ѴѾףҪʬڵĵѵΪʬں۸¾ߵ
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ʬҲһʬɣеÿ϶һֻʬսͨʿҪǿһ㡣
ڳںЩ򽻵ʿǹɭɭģԺʿԸЩһ
ҪǲôأͰеʬ飬̩ȻĿų¾
ôñҲˣ¾һһ˵ʬͻȻʹһȭ
ǳ¾ɱﵣʬýʬƶɣʬᵤʿĴڣټϸϧϣʹԭʵһ¥ԸһᵤڵʿȻֵ
ʬӲޱȣʹѰҲ˺֣ʹʬ֮нʬҲᳬ֮һöʬʬó¾һʬҲѹںһöʬˡ
ͻȻֵĽʬҲǴһʬºЩ붼ˣ
һ»ƵĶƵס˽ʬһȭ
¾һʬһȭжǰ˾Ȼܹ赭дĽһȭ£˶ûкˣʵȻһλʿԹҲʲôǵѡ
ѣֻ轫ʬ齻֮ǰұԼ̣
Ϳһ£ջǵ˵ͷʬ֮䲢ûʲôԹټݣʬǿҲʲôǵѡ
ոսʬһҲԽʬʵһжϣʹʤ¾ҲҪƾˣȻҪĽ
еʬӸ¾֮Ϣģ¾ֱӽʬջ˴С
ոճĳðѼ£¾Ц
ЦЦĳҲвԵĵط
˵һ˵һ䣬ƺȫ˸ոջǽš
Ͷʬ֮ҲȤΪΪϾһͷʬǲʬͲö֪ˣϾҲײŪģҲ֪ʲô
ٹᦲһͷʬʬ飬˭֪⽩ʬȻڰٹ֮壬һöСҲγڵޡ
Ȼ޺ʬڵʬܽӽȴ޲ʬΪ͸ûжƣܵõʬڵ֮һҲ޵ʵͻͽҲ˵
Ҫõʬ֮ɱǰ¾Ϊݵİ취¾ʵټһͷʬʤҲʹӮˣʬڵĵ̣ɱĳϣʹʬڵʲô𣬵ʱ¾Ҫʬĺǵ׷ɱˡ
ʵʬһԾ֮ꣿ
һϲûа취ӽʬأû뵽¾ԶˣﻹвӦĵأ
¾ҲǶ֮ģϣʬ֮С
ڽ̸֮УҲ¶Լʬ֮Ȥ¾˵˳ˮ۰ˡ


311 ʬ䵤
һļ룬һ룬һж˳£ҲΪʬڵĿ֮һ
ν䣬ǲǱˣȴƸ룬ƽʱҪʲô񣬵ǵΣ֮ʱ
ȻҲ˳ϵ֣֮лûʲôʵȨϾ㲻ʬڵˣȻҲὫ뵽֮С
ĴȴʮֵźһЩڳϻҪһ㣬ҲһЩᵤʿԸԭ֮һ˰ɡ
ʬڵɾʬɽ֮Уɭɭģڵ;úܲ
ڽʬڵʱ򣬱㿴ʬڵĵָеʬͬŶսҲʬõս
ڵһö֮ͱ㱻ŵһ֮У֮һ˿˿ʬȴͼΪЩʬڵ˵ȷĺöǶ˵ȴôпΪͣͲǰ
üʯһ򵥵󷨣Щʬźһ㡣
Ŀûʲôɣʬڴ֮һȫһɺֵʵ
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֪ô㹦ʬھͽٵһĻȻһɵ鱨ʵ𾪡
˱ã˳էʬҲûʲôĿԣʬ£׳һɫĵҩ
¾˵ȫ亹ֱȻⵤҩǸģһ뵽˵Ŀֲ׹ѡ
ʬ䵤ʬƿ䳤ϵһֶΣеĿ䳤϶ù˵
˵ЧˣʹǽᵤʿҲ޷ֵ
´˵֮ÿʮͱýҩⶾûнҩĻȫĽӲһʬ⣬ʹ϶޷ʬ䵤ʹ궼ܸʴ
ʬ䵤ĽҩֻŲӵУʹгҲ֪ʬ䵤ĽҩƳɵġ
ʬ䵤ζһһʬڵˡ
СĵĽⵤҩ𣬳¾˳˴
ʬڵ˲ͻ᲻ʬ䵤ǰҲûйҪôǱȷ£Ҫôûбѡ
ٺ٣Сӣû㣬ʬڿɲ򵥣ݾʬħڵķ֧ʬڣɼˣѪħٺЦ
ʬħڣһ
ʬħݺպħɣû뵽ʬھȻʬħйϵ
СรɣΪñˣǱ˻ɵɵãϾҪԸˡѪħĿ͡
һЦˮڣ
һʱ֮󣬳¾ãʬ䵤͵ǰ
¾Ҳúʹֱ̫Ӹⵤҩ¡
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ѣǣٹһЩʱգ䳤ϵĸᷢ£ֻҪʬģʬҲԲ㡣¾Ц
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ʬ䵤һڣ㻯˹ʴ͵ӣĹȫᱻʴǸʱ򣬾ɲˡ
ðԵĵҩͲɵüͷ
ʬ䵤˴֮˾ҪЩʬڲûʬڵĽҩѹЩʬĻ²ʮһ߽ʬ
ҾͲţѹƲʬһ
ֳһΪԼڻ֮ͱ֮Уȫĵʬ
ľתڣʬУһĽ֯һá
ʬ䵤ֵʬŨʹΪǿʬǽڽڰˣܿʬͱƽ˵ǵﱻʬʴ;Ļˡ
ҾͲˣ
תɲǼڵͬˮһǴʱ֮Уȫ˾˵ƿԽʬھʹǽᵤʿҲˡ
Ҳ͵һνתת֮ǿסʬ䵤ʬתӯɾãǳڼȥĻ³ԿĻ͡
𣡡ͼæ֮еǰæ֮͹ϲʬҲͬͬԴʬǿҲȲԵ𻹿ʬ
û뵽ǣʬһͬèһ㣬˺ŵֱ𣬾Ȼͼɡ
Ͳðգæ˻ص֮УѹסʬϽɱ֮£һʬڽڰˣȴʼռֲνɱʬܽڵԭ
һͷ۲ѣҲѹʬڶʬ䵤ˣʹҲ޷ʬȫ𣬸οͨʿ
ʹɱֻʣһ㣬һĹʬڵһ󣬵ʱһըһ㡣
ۣȻ䣬һ֮ʮΧһһʬΧ֮У
ȻʮѾ׻ʽ
׻ʽ׹磬Щ׹һŵΧסһʬһʬγײһɫĵǱӴܣ֮һʬȻ׻ʽЮŽ͵ĵ֮С
ǲ֪ÿ޻ǸЦˣǧټֹʬ뵤֮Уȴľ׻ʽֱӽʬ˵о׻ʽĿأҲĲ٣ʬԾ׻ʽΪη壬ĵ֮Ҳ㲻ʲôˡ
Լĵ֮ʼջǲģҲ޿κΣھ׻ʽŸոտʼȵǿ֮󣬽ɱһʬӦòڻ¡
ܿ죬ʬھͽĸˣһʬڵĵ֮⣬мƿҩʯʬڵĵҩͿɲҶ˭֪ʲôʯĻͲȱʯ
ͽԼעȫһöźɫƵ֮ϣʬڵĶؼʬͿʬ֮ҲΪͷʬ䵤ԵʣʬڲŸ˴󷽵Ľͨ͡
صĽʬͭʬͽʬ֮ˣԺĹǱĨȥˡ
ҲˣϾڵΪҲƽʬˣ


312 ʬ
ҪʬǾͱʬϼʹǸոȥʬ嶼ƣʬƳʬҲµȵģڵĵӶɴɱ
ʬ嶼ֻǸѧʬ֮ĵãҪΪսľͱʬϵĲſԣһʬ൱߽ʿǲĻʬڵӶһʬɫĻһЩĵʬ
ʬѾڵļޣΪʿûôӴʶٿʬ
ʬѶȼߣʮ֮ҲδƳһԲŻᵼʬϡ١
ڽʬѶȾ͸ˣƶʮҲδܳһ𣬶ʬʵΪǿҪɱƳʬϼѡ
㻨µʱŽʬ֮꣬ҪʬͱʬҲʬʬɽ仧ԭ
ʬɽأɽ֮иһֻȥʬ弫ױʬҲΪʬṩ˴ԭϣʬĽʬ嶪֮أ価ʬ
ʬĹؼҪʬʬڳȻͨطʬ飬Ȼʬװؽʬ֮УͨطʹʬϵַͿܺʬͳԴһĶҪǻʯʬҪʬ顣
ʬҪľ飬ʬɽȱľЩʬȥһȦҵǧʬʹͭʬҲҵ٣͵ʵЩͲĶ֣Ϊ˾֤ʬԣͻΪ˿ֱӿƽ˿ʬ˳ڱ֤ʬԵͬʱֲ˺ʬ顣
˸Ľɣʹר޽ʿ֮ҲʵǺ
صķͿʼЩʬ
һʬ֮Уû뵽ǣһʬ˲ͻһѷĩʬ嶼١
ԼʬѶ֮Ͳ֪֮˵Ǻš
һʧʮ֮Ͳŵһƣ֮ʬװʬ֮Уʬʮݽݵҩˮ֮С
ֻһҩˮ֮һѪɫķǶʬϣ˿ҵ׼õͶҩˮ֮С
ǵһƣټֻΪµʬͲûóʲôĲϣְֻͭˣȴǷʮʮ弸꣬Щռ˲١
һҩˮ֮Уҩˮںһ𣬱ʬգ
һ룬ҩˮһҩˮǶʬüġ
͸оԼʬһϵȻһʬˡ
Ͷ˴ͭһʬӲĳ󣬼ԺδͭʬҲľˡ
һʬƳʬĴǸʱȻܹƳʬ
ڷʬ䵤Եʣʬڶ͵ûʲô֮ģͿʬɽ֮߶
ʬһ꣬͵ʬҲһߣʹͭʬҲƳ˲٣ͭʬûʲôôȫʬڣȡһЩʬҪõĲϡ
һЩҪõҲֲ֮Уʹ뿪ʬڣҲܹơ
ǷҪƣͻû¶ģʼվ޺ͨĽʬһͨʬһƵĻпܵòʧ
Сӣˣ㻹ߣѲҪһֱطѪħʵ
ˣץһͷʬߡЦЦ
ϰΪĲŪһͷʬĿûдɣҪҳʬɽҪһͷʬļʿҪСˡ
ҲҲһ£ʬɽ֮ı߻нʬϾҲһԪӤʿҪôûã˵
ߣѪħһ͵ҲҲԪӤǿʶ˲ʬɽ
ˣѪħͻȻһ飬չʶκûлӦͬһ롣
Ƶʱһɾ޴ѹ˲䱬ʬڶһѹ֮£ʹǽᵤʿҲֻǿֵʿ͸˵ˣȫ˻ԣڵĵֱӱһɾ޴ѹһϢĹʬھʧٵӡ
һɿֲѹĿȥҲ죬˲ʧӰ١
ˣҺĿ죡ȵһѹɢȥ֮ѪħŻָϢµĿʬɽ
ԪӤʿ̲סüͷȻϵʬ֮лԪӤʿû뵽ô
ʲôԪӤʿһͷʬʣ˵ҲǧĹˣʬɽ֮ΪλʬʵĴڣʬڵԴ㶺ˣѪħƿڴ
ʬʣԪӤʿΣʵ
ԪӤڣʹȫʢʱڵҲĶ֣һͷʬΪߣ쳣Ȼܹң˲㽫һĿ죬һ˿鶼סһǿˡѪħߵ
Ҳɵüͷʬɽ֮оȻһͷԪӤڵʬ򣬶ʬھȻĬˣֱϸͷʬʺпܺʬйء
ȰϿ뿪ȻˣͷʬǲҵȣǸʱȻҵǣʱʹоҲġѪħߴٵ
ãھ뿪ҧҧҲûа취飬˭֪ѪħȥһȦһͷʬʣҲǼƻ֮顣
ߣתϢ׼뿪ʬڡ
ѣã㡣뿪֮ʱ¾ͻȻãۿͣ¾Ͳ͵Ĵڡ
ʲô¾󾪣ʱ˭֪ˡ
ÿɱ֡
ͱ۾¾ȻסˣǱϾҲǽᵤڵʿϾͷӦʬǰһŴҲ˳ȥһǳɣʹҲֹ
㵹ãһ˾ȻʬЦһ
־һһֻ·һ¾
Ϊһ֮𣿡Цһһ׻ʽӦ
һ֮бһɫƣ
ƣ¾󾪣ƺͽһ޶
ָ׵Ȼ£
¾󺧣æʬסף
ó¾ǣոƳһʬȻ׵ǧٿףʬ鶼
׻ʽѾȣʹǵҲԺӵʬĳ¾һϸ¡
ʬˣֻ׻ʽһɫĽ˿ûʬУֱӽʬ˳ʧȥʬ飬ʬʧȥ˶ʹһ㽫ʬ
¾ҪѪʬţ֮Ƴɹת֮ȴߡ
Զһŭ𣬴ʱʬڵԮѾˣ
֮ᵤʿٳͼΧ
ǣͽϹһ֮Ŀ϶˸֮㲻Ӱ


313 Ѫħѱ
ʬڵĳϾȻһܹ׷ͣʹΪߵĳ¾Ҳ˰㳹ʧȥ͵ټ
ԼҵĵͷϾȻӲĴ˳ȥһ´ȥʬҪɨء
ʬ䵤ʮڣ¾һ
սʧľƳĽʬֱӱͶȥ޼͡
һȺʬɽ֮дһŭ
¾ɫ䣺棡
һȺֻʬɽ֮һӰһߵķٱȥ
棬龹Ȼ棡¾϶亹Ҳò˶٣㷲ӣȻλǴ˼ѹ
ãϼһˣѪħ󾪡
Ͳɵһ㶣漴׻ʩչ£ٶȸһ¥ջһɫĺۼ֮󣬱ʧʬɽ֮С
ŶСе˼ʬЦһ
ֻһһĸ͵֮ľǵû󣬷ԽԽС
سɴ磡۾һͻʬʩչֻԪӤʿյͨسɴ磬һǰ룬ٶ֮첻ͨݷܹģ׻ݵͱ׷ˡ
ȥУѾˣȻûгܲġѪħҲˣǱʬץסԪӤˡ
һһСŲƷУ˲˰֮⣬һСŲƷ͵Ѿǧ֮⣬ʹʬسɴͨҲδ׷ˡ
ͲһǱʬ׷׶༪ˡ
ȻϷ٣ϽᵤڵʿҲη壬ǻûԴ󵽿ԺԪӤʿһϸ£ѪħޱηĴڣʿܶԶܶԶ
䣡һݣͻȻһֻ޴ƺȻ¡
ͻæ֮£ʩչ׻ݣǰܿһơ
Ȼ͵ȴ˹ȵףΪʱһʬվǰ
ʬʣ̽Եһ䡣
֪Ĳ٣ҲǱƽİɡʬЦһ
ԿԪӤʿʬʣһʵĲ˼ġ
һᵤڵʿϾȻһԪӤķѣԷ֡ʬĿͱѪħ
ʬйŹ֣Ѫħѵ
͵˵ͷһҲˣʬȻͨĽʬһһسɴͨɴû˵ʬӵͨġ
һҲ˼ģ㽻㱳ĽȻٰʩչĽҵǿԿǷһ·ʬĿ͡
ʬʾȻʨӴ󿪿ڣҪ͵ľ׻ʽ˻ҪѪħѪħѾǩԼѪħҲ֪󲿷ֵܣǽųȥֻԷ٣޴Ǿġ
Ҿ׻ʽıʮ׻ʽԳһȱһУʹʬҲδػŵԣ֮еĶթʵ̫ˡ
ʬʼԥһȻˣҾɱ㣬֮Ķҵģ
һֲֻĴֲһе
󣡳ʣҲ׼һԹԵƴһսҲܻһ
ʮ׻ʽӦɲǼضΪ֮ɫոջת˳ܲϡ
ýʬʴϲ˱ʹԪӤʿҲ࣬һᵤʿϣֱǱ
ף𣡡ʮ׻ʽ׹ʢڿһ޴ı޴ն¡
¡ִ׵ֱ֮Ӻʬ֮ϡ
׵֮ʬʱмη壬ټ׵ѸͣȻӲӣƣܿ׵磬漴һȭһϡ
ȭཻ׻ʽ׵緭ʬʺܲܣ׻ʽվʬʵĶ֣һ㱻ҳ
ʹ󾪣׻ʽıʧ
׻ʽȻػǽûгʲôƣֻǽд׵ѾľҪܸԭ
ܣʬһ
жᵤʿķһȭܺ飬⽣Ȼ
ʬʹٴϮʧȥһ׻ʽһɢ͸ֵʬˡ
СӣͰ˵ʩչѪ֮ȻҶҪؼʱѪħȻ
ľѪһãѪħ
ͺԥһھѪѪħϡ
ٶ㣡ѪħҲˣ£ɡ
µҲ˲ѪħǷıǶ˲ĻǾǱˣһھѪѪħѪʢ
һѪ⽫Ͱȥ֮󣬳𣬳׵׵ʧʬʵǰ
ʬʲɵĿԶһۣѾӳĸ֪Χʬʷŭʬɽ𷭡
ɶ񣬿ɶ񣡡
ʦ⡭⡭
飬Ҫ˲úʬһҡڵ߽ʬڵĴ֮С
ϲʦ񹦴ɣӴ˼ʦĶ֣ʬЦ
ߣʱų׽ʬһؾ飡ʬһ
ʬʾȻʬڵһţʬɱ˵ʦ
ʬɱ˵˵ͷʦģ˷ʬ䵤ʹӳȥҲʮꡣ
ߣ⼸껹㲻ʦҶΡ
ʬɱЦЦⶼͽӦģʦΪʬʹһʬɽֽ񹦴ɣͽϲʤ
ʬʵ˵ͷΪʦѾʬ֮ԪӤʿͨݻ˭ҵĶ֣
ȥ֮ɱɽɽɱƬײ
ǣͽȥ׼ʬɱ˳ȥ
ȿȿȣݱһСɽ֮Уɫ԰ףȫһƬѪ֮С
Ҷʲôֽţʹŭ
ھѪ֮ľԪڲϵţȫѪħΪѪħϣܸоѪħһǿ
¸¸£ҵôڵȵһ̣Сӣ㵱ңˣûϵɱ㣬ıͶҵģѪħЦ
ˣһ궼ҪҪһ
һԣжԸֶΣôôأѪħЦһͺ֮ϵͻȻжˣ
㡭ɫ䣬ǧȴû뵽ѪħȻӵֱ¡
ԹԱҶɣ¸¸£ѹô꣬Ҫˣ
Ѫħȴûзһ˿ɫȥɣ
ɫҺ˲Ѫħ֮ϣʯ顣
ɵ˰ɣʯֻкôûС


314 
ѪħһѪħĲҽ쳹ɽȣ޶ŵ֮ܵ⡣
ѪħȻڻ⼸ʯҺ徹ȻſֲĸʴʹԪӤʿķҲʴ
ʲôʲôѪħ֡
Ϊ⼸Һ徹ȻԪӤŹԪӤԼٶɢһĹʧ֮䡣
Һ帯ʴ֮ڵľԪʧҲֹͣ
Ѫħ֮вϷѪħԪӤЦһʶԹԵĸңҵǿ԰Ѱһڿһʼûаġ
ҴˣҴˣŹңŹңԸΪһһߣȾңѪħ׷ԪӤʿΣΣİ
Ź㣿ͼЦһ
ѪħδѵĻҿȻõĲģһԪӤʿļʶôģ֮ǰѪħҪأܷŹѪħ
ħĲ֮ʹҲûа취⿪ʹǺų׹ǵʯҲֻӻԵķܽⶾҲͽħĲڵǸˮ̶Ϊصԭ򣬷Բʮ֮ڲκ˿
ݵɸ֮Уʹħ˵ҲСŸȡħĲ˵һѪħˡ
ʱħ˵ҪΪУ˵ҲζħǻڵΪǿǱԪӤڻҪǿٱĴڣԪӤʿѾվĶˣԪӤʿҪǿĴڻʿжôǿʵ
˿ħĻʱʿܸܵħĿֲȽᵤ֮󣬻ħǿֲƣʹʬʬҲʮ֮һԺпħǻΪ
һڵħƱظݴ޴Ӱ죬ǵھȴǷƽ˾ƺ˿ûзħ顣
ڵħĲ͵ʱħȡħĲֱͬն֮ʮ꣬һѾɫѾڳ죬ɫҺĶȻҲǷʹǵħҲδظֱȡ
ѪħѪħֵͻҷˡ
ҴˣңңѪħϵİΪѾԼԪӤ챻ĵĲˡ
ѪħİͲΪָһ㣬һѪħѻ󷨣֮ǰ˼ѪħѪħȻҲŲ˶ˣĹ˽
ͬʱܽǧļʶͳͳͣǰҲһ顣
㡭ŹģѪħĺ
Ҳ䣿ЦһѪħʸɥʧˣ
ǧͳͳΪ˼¡
ȻȡѪħļ֮µͷ亹
һѻ֮ĻѪħԽɹʱͽûκεķ֮;ͱѪħݺˡ
һѪħʴֻʣһʹҲȪˮĴһͬʱҲ¶ģ򲻵ѵʱԲãȪˮ綾ޱȣԼ޷ֵԼеĻǾǵɻˡ
ѪħļУͷѪħȻǸʬʶƺν֣ѪħӶݣЩδʬʱѾʬ壬ʵһ¥ѹѪħ˿־塣
ˣӦýʬˡ૵
ѪħһĵҲգһԪӤڵʦʱָһԪӤʿָȻ°빦
ҪǣͻõѪħһղأһԪӤʿĻκĶһʲƸڻ֮֮УҲκȷ˼ϾЩֲܣȥԵˮҪ¡
һµʱ䣬ָ֮ͱһγĿȻˮڵš
̵ĻһȺʬڵˣ·ͻȻһȺʿڵ½̸֮ᵽʬڡ
ѣո˵ʬôˣͽʵ
ЩʿΪᵤʿһ񣬶͵ʱشŭ͡
ʿĳ֮͵׳
ԭһ֮Уݷ˼£һʬ˳ˡ
ʧ˽ٶ꣬˶Ϊˣû뵽һͽݽ췭ظ
ҲǽڶˣɽţȫһֵǡǡǺʬʣɾʬ֮֮ʬʵˣɽԪӤڣһԪӤڣһԪӤھȻ˿·磬һ֮λԪӤʿȻʤˡ
ԪӤʿһɽȺףʬ׾ɱһѾ⵽ʬڵĶ֡
һʬʿǰķȻˮڵţ
Ѿǰ֮ǰˣʱѾˣ
ֻһеɣвûԪӤʿȻ޷ֵʬڣһֻ֧֮мᵤʿԪӤʿ
õϢ֮ͼæʩչ׻ݣٳǰϣü
һѾʬҰŮ޺ʬʬڵŵӽڽڰˣҲֻǳˡ
ĵˮȻҲУʱˮӢޱȣ͸ļƷ֮к֣ʹԷʬҲˮһӡҳࡣ
ÿεǣһЩʬڵӱˮòۻ֮ﲻڶ
ˮЩŪ˫ͨ죬Ŀ֮ºʬڵӲһ
ۣʬ˶ڣһжˮͼֲ˶ãһʱ챻һͭʬ͵ϮƤףһҪ
ʦãˣһһʦǰΪǵֵ
ʦ㣡
תۼλΪˮһĶʦ㱻ࡣ
С椣ֻҪһø磬ҾͷŹ㣡ʬڵаЦ
Ҳ䣡ͻȻһɫĳ̴ʬڵӵţ׹һʬ嶼Ϊ˻ҽ
磡ˮһ
ˣ̾˿һͼˮʬڵͳͳճ˻ҽ
磬㡭㡭ǽᵤʿˮֱԼ۾һɱʮλʿֶҲֻнᵤʿŻӵС
СѾͷǲЦЦǳʵ
̫ˣ̫ˣȾʦǣǾͿˣˮŰ
űϾʮĵطԼֵܽǰˮҪЩˡ
Ͳ˲ˮյˮޣ޻˾ͲƯˣӦ㣬һʦġ
ţлл磡ˮ˵ͷ
ͲɵĿ˸߿֮еսǽᵤʿս


315 
˴ʬڽţ֮вûԪӤڵʿڣҲûʲôηģƾֶΣʹǶϽᵤڵΪҲܼһᣬҴ˴Ҳ֧ԮŵĽᵤʿֻǳĻɡ
Ҫܡͷųһˮ֮󣬱ֱᵤʿս
ˮԼһ޶ķ棬ʮ겻͵ֶξѾԤϡ
˴νţʬһĸᵤʿеĽʬҲ൱ڰ˸ᵤʿԽһټ
ҲͬԤϵһ㣬һᵤʿҴ󲿷ֶǽᵤںͽᵤڣһᵤڣֵܵסʬڵ͹
ʬĴϷˣ֮⣬ʬ빥ҲƣڱٳĵѾ˺ۡ
һɣ˵ĲһЩͷôǰⳤЦš
֪ʵǿԶһЩòŮӺһЩʵǿΪǣһƽʱЧΪǿɽʬڸɵˣ˭ȥû룬ԶϹۣһЩɴǽʬԱȫ䵽һԮĵز
޳ܣһٸһڣе˿Ĺע¼Ӳһ˽ʬš
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ͣһ˿ڣٸྐྵȻʬ˳ٸ˫۰޹⣬ûϢ
ţʣļŮӴ󾪣ȥٸȻŵţҲΨһĽᵤʿӣ
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˭ⳤŭļݾȻ˸Һʬڹȥ
ⳤϣô磬۸Ůѵú˼𣿡Цһ
㣬̤ЬٴȫѹͽҾͳȫ㣡ⳤЦһ
Цһճ¾˶κβңΪǼ𣿡
㲻Ǹᵤڰˣ˲񣬽ҾԶطⳤһ
ߣҰǵšͿ˼Ůһۡ
˵˵ͷҲû˼˵
Сӣ뵱ӢۣҾȥӢۣⳤŭʬγɺΧΧ롣
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ն˲˹תۼ㽫ʬһ
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СӣⳤҲȥˣʬǵ֮أʧȥʬɽǵʵҲҪ½һ롣
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ҲӦòˣа̾һһִ׵նŵ˻æӴܣ漴㻯ΪһϺˮ
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ѣҲҵѴŲܻһ档
üͷʱԴˮһ֮ôˣˮض϶Ҳǿһ㣬Ÿˮ͡
ǻûед𸴣ǵصѹ˸ѹסˣʹǺȼᵤڵʿһѹ֮Ҳҡҡ׹˵ЩڵĵˣͰˮѹ»ᱻѹ
ʬʣʹ󾪣û뵽Ȼ
һʱ⣬ȻûԼϢʬʸѰˣʬʣ͸ûκεİ취
һ߲ˣʬʵĴڿͬһСɽһ㣬Ȼ¡
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ǰԸͶԸͶʬڣǸͲʶˣǰŹǣ
ոջ׽ĺ˲㵹꣬Ͷ˺ʬʣ߳ԭα¶
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ֻǵƳ˺һۣܻұض׷ɱ㵽ĺǣ
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316 ʬ
ȥԵȻ뿪ݣͽʣµСŲƷˮıϣ׼õˮ䣬һƽƳ
գۼ䣬ˮǧ֮⣬ʹǽᵤʿҪ׷Ҳˡ
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ܺãԺž͹ˣʬʿ˺һۡ
ϲæذлΪ֮вڣǽᵤڰˣô֮λʼնֲƾźʬʵһ仰֮λ̩ɽ֮˸ҷԡ
ԸΪʬڸǣ
֮Ȼ˲ޣںʬʵѹҲԵʱһ仰촦
ϲѣҵˣƵĿź
ЦһʬǰһССĽᵤʿΣʬһֱܽҡ
Ͷ¶ңȻǽ߾ֺʬʡ
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Ŷʬ˴󷽣Ҳİɣһɡ˵
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Ѫħ֮ܰѣ˭Ҳұ֤ʬʲôֶοΥԼԣԼһ֮ϣǶ϶ϲġ
ͬˣʬЦ
ǺڣͽϹһ
ʬеɱһѾ御ˣȻС˲ʶʱôҲĺˣ
ʬһȭ
ף˲ٻһϹսףɫĻ滤סȫһЩɳ֮׵ķǿʹԺʬʵĹҲܳס
ǣһϾͳһϸСƣʬʵĹʵ̫ǿ
СӣҲٲ׾Ѿƴʱˡ
𣡡Сһ¶˱𣬸ߴɵסͣ˫ֺϱȻס˺ʬʵһȭ
ɵĺãСӣʹϲǹĻСδػںʬĺ
ϾԳʬһϵ͵ļ˼֣һٱѹСӣصĴСӵؿڡ
һСӱˣС˵ĴΪӮһ˿ʱ䣬ɫ˦˲ɫ׵ַԲɣ
飬ײֶˣʬʴ󾪣Ȼ飬ȴò˼ײֶȻײֶ㲻ʲôǿɣǶʬ˵ȴҲȻʬҲԸֽ׶ײֶ
֪ײֶеķвᵤʿ⴫ʹײֶĵҲټӵĴ붼ײֶĳϻֱϵӵܡ
ײֱֶϵӵĻôʬʾͲò˼ˣչֳֶδ󲿷ֶǺйأԺײֶǧ˿ƵĹϵĽɱˣŭײֶ
ںʬʵ𾪣ҲǳϣʬƺײֶΪɵˣƤٻܽʬȻãǲܵĻôһΪԼȡһʱ䡣
ݶڰʿ˵һǿĴʣοײֶϵ⣬úʬʲòСġ
֪ͺãѲΪײֶ۸ɣһ
ʬüͷһ壺Ϊײֶס𣿽
ৣͺһ˦ס׹죬м˺ڵķ
󾪣ûкʬǿΪԲĹǡ
ʬʾңʱҲֻʬˡ
ʬʴŭ;Ȼɽ֮ƣԺʬʵĸԸͲպ˵µʿסպ㣬֪͵ɽǰ⼸顣
лʬʣڹŹһȦĺսս˵
Сӣɣʬŭһ
͹ȻǵɽʱѾ˰֮⣬ԪӤʿ˵˲Ϣһȭ͵ȻʬһȭȻֱӽͺһ̲⡣
ʬһ㶣Ҳû뵽˵ɣԭΪСӻʲôֶεģ˭֪˵ĸɴࡣ
ԣͻȻоĺʬʷ֣֮ıȻûе
ʬʴŭһŲ͵ʬ֮ϣǻȻᱻƿ
ǵʬʲµʱȴﻹʲô͵ʬ壬һϳصѪɫꪡ
Ǿת֮еҽ֮˴ҲѪȻùűѪԼ˺ʬʵһȭ
űѪꪶϳôأ֪һȭжĺ͵ϣ³ǵǱһˡ
ɶ񣡡ʬʴŭԪӤڵʶ˲䷿ųŬʼնѰ͵䣬һССĽᵤʿȻƤӵˣ
һѾܴ裬ͬһʿθϼ裬ԪӤʿ״ɱĺʬʾȻκβһССĽᵤʿ
ҹʬʳź˴һģϰʬ䵤ûǵ֮Уʬ˲㽫ǵʴǱʬڵĿܣǰڲˡ
ʬѰ֮ûм͵ټŷ뿪˴˵ء
֮󣬵ͻȻһɶһִֻӵ֮˳
ȿȿȣȿȿȣգʹ֮
Ȼҽ֮סһǺʬʵ̫ˣһűΪҶܾ˺ɵǺ͵ϡ
ҲɵȴˣǿѹסԼϢŬʹйƭ˺ʬʣȻͱʬʴɱˡ
æһʯ飬͵ɫźÿһ㣬ʬɵȴһʱܹõģҪµľпܡ


317 
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еϣԼϢϣϢ֮ʱϢϾͽܹǳȼԷԼ١
ʬʵʵʹѾԪӤڵ۷壬ԪӤھԪӤڣṳ̂뻯Ļ˵޷ʩչϢ͵ġ
ȻźʬʵʩչϢûúʬʷģһ˲ĹҲԣֻҪúʬʵעƿлѡ
ĳǡץסᣬʬǼɵ͵ĳǿг֣漴ֱ֮ԼϢʩչ֮˵صס
ȵʬʷӦ֮ʱѾ˵ص֮С
Ȼƭʬϼһͱʩչҽ֮ѪꪻΪӴܡ
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Щ軷ֻۣҪһĲõľֱᱻʬʿ͵ĽҲֻһ
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ѾΪ˴㣬˿ǰ֮չأ֮ȻΣգǻҲζɵﱻ̶ȵˣʹʬҪԸǣҲǼ򵥵顣
ʱ֮ǲܺǻˣԼϢͿշš
ʬȻһһؾɽҲ̫֣˼֣֮ٵôߵĻɿ»Ⱥ֮ǼݸܹܵķΧ
ɽ֮⣬ɲǶСɰˣвûԪӤʿ˾ˣûʲôϧġ
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˼ǧʯһС֮ͱ㽫ԼƵĵҩڵгۣӶտ档
һбţһ֣˶ڵΪͿʵÿİٿƷʯļ۸Ӷǡ
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318 
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ԪӤʿɲǴײˣ˵ϾϵģҪ˵һԪӤʿΪʩչͨڵ졣
ķԪӤʿ׸Ͳʩչ
˵󼰵룬˭֪еʥʯȻΪ͵ڣԭĻںһ
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᣿ǽҵ֮еʯҩȫѹˣ⻹᣿һȻ˵ĻϵѹҲ˼֡
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ŶпˣͲɵĿ⡣
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ܹڽᵤǰʮ֮ɷ֮٣ʹƳˣҲҪµȻпƳ˷ǳȫģԼᵤڵΪȫѹ͡


319 ʿַ
֣ӭӭȫڵϵͼæȥ
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Щ⻪Է˵ҲҪܿһ˫ĿǽᵤڵʿһЩֻͨİ׹󣬾ϸ
ϵ΢΢һ
ΪʱУƳʲôġ
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ʿַ۶˭мջʹǽᵤʿ⣬ͼʶһͼʱеĶˡ
Ȼϱﲻ٣пַܱҪḻһʿַ޷ƣΪķӦͲΪǲǹء
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֮һĵͼ޷ҵַڵأҲֻӵȫ׵ͼڲŻ֪ˣѾż̽˼ˡ
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ѪȻ㲻ʲô˲õޣȴ࣬ͨСĵطܵĵطͼΪޣҲǼΪ鷳ѣ⧲֮µпܳԿ


320 ʬ뷨
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ڵʿ˿ҵ׷Լķ˽ʬһ˲ʿɢ֮Ĳͳˣһɫķɢһɫķ
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֮࣬һҲûʲôͨԸôʿ֮١ϾĨȥӡǵķƵķҪۿۡ


321 ۻ
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зϣǾת֮мصĴʮ׻ʽնɱᵤڵʿʬʹǿҲаս
ʬצһĽ׽˿˺˳룬ɺܿ죬иĽ˿
ʬҲ¶һ˿η֮ɫϺâæͷųһ㱣Ĥ
ͺһ˫ִţȻ͵һϣضǽĻ֮лûĽɫСȿֺʬȥ
ʬȻԴУſڣ³һССӣԼ۴󣬷ĺ⡣
ʬ飡
ȻʬУǰȴȻͬǧ꽩ʬ֮ԻǣΪ£˾꣬Ǿ꣬ͼʬ档
Ҫԣ֪
ʱʬҲȻͷʬ;ĩ·
ʬ͵ҲޱȵļɵְˣϾͱ׽˿Ū˲ٵ˺ۣ׵֮ͨ˿ڲʴ塣
ʬͣŭţʬųѪâѾ˴Ŀĵĳ̶ȣ˴˾ͲϲԷǿ֮ĩǻعⷵհˡ
һҲȡ˳
ȻۣԼȵľ׻ʽҪǿһ㡣
ȥ
Ϸһָ϶ʱΪһֻˣʬƺҲ֪֮𣬼ָͻȻ뿪צӣŷضȥ
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ƣһֲ׵罣âХĿ˾ʬʬ顣
ž䣬ڶ๥ĵ֮£ıĤֲ֧סΪޣʬڽ׽âһ֮£ͬˡ
ʬһ¶ʹ֮ɫŤһ֮󡣾ȻԵˡ
Ȼ͵رȴ˿ɣɫأѵʬ顣
һĴָСɫعƮ˳
˿ؿ߰˸ԲȦһŽɫâסơȻͶ˵˰ٻᦡ
˾󣬰ٻ죬ð仯һֻ޴غɫ֣ץǳ
ʬؾˡ
ʬȻִУâһҪߣٶ֮죬ҲĿࡣ
ϧûãѱ֮С
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ʬ޿ɶ㣬סȴȻֽ֨֨
¶ϲɫһʱһɫ磬ʬܴػίȥ
һУҡʬػ뵽ħ֮С
һʯȻγžųϵİգǰͷȻͨʬȻشҲѱʹͨоաƷ
ֹͣתʮ׻ʽһһ˻
ʬڵϣһһΡɲװѱ;ٻСʣµأͽһǡ
ǰȥ
ֻʬ䲻˵ǧٿףҲܴΪأ̾ϢһʬͨĽʬҪǿ̫ˣܽƳʬĻʵ֮ǿҪͨĽʬ
ͽһ߲ȱȫʬ봢֮Уһҡ޵Ӱ͵ǰ
ʬľǱˣһѪⲻϵȻȫʬǡ
ڷʬӵо֮㽫ϣնɱǶ֮УΪ޵ĲƷ
һͷ̤ʬ֮ʬǣʵʹ̤ᵤҲûпܡ
ǸйŹַĵĳ֮⣬ûбĶˡ
ʬܹʿַ֮вǣҲйأķޱȣڵΪȻ޷
ӦϹʿķģ૵
еˮҲйŹ֣ڷĵĴ߶ЩҺ岻ϵķţлһѪð
޽ȥ
߽ӵһɲǣ֮еѪ˲佫ްΧӵҺ峹׷ڣ޵һѪɫҺĤ
޶һѪĤҲܣѪĤѪĤ޴洦֮еѪ޵ҲԽԽ١
Ȼ֮еѪǰʬ˾ųɣµĲһңûͼ˵ĴŵĻʬѪ֮ټöʿĽ𵤣̤ʬ֮Ҳǲܵ顣
ϧʬãؼʱ̱Ǵţʬ鶼ˣǸǱʳ
𣡡һХ޵ܸɸַܵ棬ڻۡ
ʬټѪ⾹Ȼͻˣ
ʹϲæ˳뿪ߡ
¡ʱ޵׽Ѿ¡
ȴη壬Ӳ˵һס
޵ʵʮֵģ׸˺ޡ


323 ׳
֮ϢĻصƷеĵ֮Уھ֮еĵҩȡߣ漴뿪ƷС
ֱӷˣ˴ϹַһУȻûеõʲôʵԵıȴ˽ףᵤɹҲ֪ǲʬʬЧ޾ȻҲһ֮ͨǰ綾֮⣬һצͨ
ͨҲͰģ޼᲻ݵצһͨӵ˼£ʹͨпܱ顣
ڵСͻûκεüĿΪһöСѾںһֻҪԸʱܱһѩˡ
˴׶˵һϢС֮ٴγΪһ
ڵΪȻǽᵤڣƾ輸ǿķʮ׻ʽõʹϽᵤڵʿҲ·磬СӺ޵ĻʹǽᵤʿҲն¡
ʹ˴뿪ΪڣڵȻǽᵤڵʿȴûʲôǿķʬ壬ȻẦһССڡ
͵ĵǣԼֳ̫Ķʬʵע⣬ԼȻںʬʵǾ֮
һǿѪħĶݷǿڵڶθǾһʬʣͿûаٴӡ
ֻҪڼݣҪнβˡ
֮һΪ׳ǵĳţ׳ڼݶһ޳ǣٸɢ˹ͬάֵģɣʳ֮⣬ڼҲһС
ɢ֮ûԪӤʿͲö֪ˡ
׳ǵһٶ˵ٶʮ
Ǻ׳ǵı־ʹǼһЩɵĳҲһ
һʮ㣬ԽԽߵʮʹǽᵤʿҲҪú˼һ£ᵤʿõ߲ǵڰ˲ľңÿķöҪʯ˸߰ķҲнᵤʿܹܵġ
ʿԸΪɢ˵ĳϵĻʹãҲΪԵɣɢڼҲһϯ֮أʹʬ˰Եһڳ֮Ҳû׳ǳ׳ǵʵɼһˡ
׳ǽֵ϶дִʿѲߣЩִʿں׳žԵȨһʿΥͣǱԽʿ׳ǣǵɱ
Щִʿϵ˼üͷЩȻϵıף֮һûУȴܸܵЩ׵ַΪϤƺϹŵսǱ
ЩƵĲҲΪֻͨͭټϼֳĲϰˣ²һƷں׳ִ֮ʿǧˣЩҲһСˡ
׳Ҳ򵥰а뵽
Ϲŵսô¾ͲһˣϹսʧԼħеõȫ׵ϹսδܿЩ׵ĹŹ֡
ҲֻͬϹս˲ܿЩս׵ŵǲϹսʹԪӤʿҲΪǲķ
ϹսҲֻǺˣûб˼ʹ׳֮ϹսҲֻǲƬˣԼյȫս
ʿϹս֪ҲǴӹż֪֮һǰ㣬ֻ֪Ϲս׷ˣԵֵ֮ͬڵĴ󲿷ֹ
ȴ֪Ϲս׻ڼ׺֣֮νǺͱһ㣬ϵףЩսӲޱȣͨĹ޷κε˺ۣҲʿ㷺֪Ϲսס
ڼ׻һ֡Ӥף˼ԪӤսףսױ׸Ϊϡ٣ʹյϹս֮У漰Ӥ׵ϢҲ֮٣ȼֱһһء
ԪӤʿȻǿ󣬵ԪӤȴޱȣһսױԪӤķǿʹԪӤҲ޵ֿ֮
ں׳֮߶׳ǵķٳ̶ڴ֮ϣֵĿĵ̱ȱȽǣһЩɢ̯λҲ洦ɼڵ۹⣬Щ벻ķۡ
һεʱѾʿˡ
ЩʿΪȴҲ֪ĸֱͣ·Ȼ׳Ĺ涨׼򶷣ͽᵤʿݴɱڵʿ׳ҲΪѡ
ͶԴֻЦһһ㳹ʧǵ֮С
Щ͵ʿһ㶣ǻûеüӦ;ͳǵָ㣬סǵţ
ǰǰǲûжⰡ˴󾪣ͽǵŪϡ
˵ΪθңͶޱȵɭ
˵˵ֻǰȥμˣһʿֵ˵
μ᣿õô͵͵𣿡һ
ǾûѣֻǰȻһǰ˵ˡ
Ŷǿеʵ
ԶԶڸڵһϣǰҪԸȥĻϴǰȥһʿæ˵
·͵˵
ǣǣлǰ⣬һӴĽǰ
ի
ܹܣǴһǽᵤڵǰһЦǺǵĿߡ
߿һۣ漴¶˹飺ǰիիң
΢΢˵㣬ӹߵ߽ի֮УһիŮ޴ͽһż֮УżֻнᵤʿӵеȨ
֮ǰҲիĶӣͣÿһλˣǾܵõӦɣ׳ǵײĴڡ
ͽ֮ʱѾȥ룬öÿһöɳǧһļ۸񣬲ͲûгֵĴ㣬ЩѶ˵ûʲôô
ʲôһδƷͲɫ䣬˵ҲһȻ
ΪԣվòŮӣȻֻڶӣȷǻʵߣǱü˳۱ļƣεƷȻŮޡ
Ů޽ñ˿סԼˣ
ṩڵͽ¯ֻйÿһǾԵ֮ǵҪǵʿϵΪſɣ׼ÿʯǧʼ
¯ͲɵȻΪľȣ㡣
ʮȥˣ˶ʣҲˣҲעһӶûа취ᵤ
һʱ֮䣬˼ǧݱǱϹʿذΧ޷У˵ˡ
ͲɵжԼϵ㽻һҲõͷţӴ֮޹ϵҲΨһΪ˰ɡ
Զݵһɽ֮УһŮһ𣬾ſ۾ãȻĿԶ漴˫һ


324 ׻
Դ߽˽Ů޴֮޾ͿʼûȵĿŮӲͣߵػºðȴ춼ûгۣޣСʲô
ǧʯһ¯ʲôãҪŮ檵Ļ絽طŮأʱɫ˥ˣٻǮ߾ˣڵ¯ǻٶʯҲԸ⡣
ΰɣΪǽᵤڵʿҪعأ¯ܹȾָģۻһõѸء
Щ̸ȻȲѣϵ֮ɫˡ
ǰ˵ЩڰרһЩŮʿΪ¯֮ãЩ߽ʿЩŮ޵һȥ
´˵ɫҲƽϢ
Ͼ¯ĴҲɽ֪顣
ǰþȣЩŮӶԸ¯أûκǿȣǻ϶ʲã߲ͨŮޣûʲôȱ˿ҲǣԸʯȥһֵطͨ˵Ĺǲмȥ沶ɱޣ顣Ҳֻ΢гɺ󣬾ΪЩ޵¯ˣΪṩһʯҲһֵʿػġΪ֮ĴڣһأȻҲʲΪԭ¯ظ߽Ůޣ¯ͽ޲뾺أּҲֵءż֮з͵Ů˵ϰΪˡ
°Ͽ˿
ɲҪʲô¯ΪһЩ׸ߵء
ȻЩŮ¯еز̫ͬѱֻ޶ˡ
ʱ̨ϵŮޣڻΪû˳ۣʧر˳ȥ
ֳ˼Ʒ˸߳ȴʼûг֣ЩȻǶ˵һЩп޵ĶΪ˳֡
һʱ֮սϳ˼ķԸ߼£ϾһףԼķʮĿ๦һǿķʡʱʡ
뿪żʱ򣬱һסˡ
кâһĶλߡ
εЦЦѲҪᣬҿûʲô⣬ֻһ䣬ǷԸμӽ׻ᡣ
׻᣿һ㶡
ǽᵤʿ֮еĽ׻ᣬֻǸλᵤʿṩ׵ĳأ⽻׻ϿвپƷܹȵġ˵
ᵤʿѾǸˣһҪĶѾڷлܹŪģһЩᵤʿͻһ𣬻ͨޡ
͵˵ͷҾȥˡ
룡һϲһС֮С
ͽ֮ⷿʱ֮ⷿѾʮˣЩһĶǽᵤʿмᵤʿ
һмʶϻȥͽǽᵤڵΪЩʶ˲мĺһջԼʶ
ǵһβμֽᵤʿ֮Ľ׻ĻЩҪ͵˵ߵ˵
뽲
⽻׻Ҳֻṩ׵ĳˣȻҲóһЩǿǿȻύ׻Ὺʼ̨֮ԼĶóұҪ׵ĶʿԸ⣬߱ɽˣôһ׮׾Զϡ߽͵
°ͣϲûбֳʲôɫ
֮мᵤʿ½½˽
Լʱ֮ûнᵤʿ룬̨߲
λȻӭλǰμٰĽ׻ᣬ֮УвѾμ˼ΣЩǵһΣЩҪؼǸλõԼҪĶ
ߵĻ򵥣ո̨ʿ̨һöӨ͸ѡ
۷޼޵ѣҪһԵĲƷ
۷޵ѿɲȻҲ޵ѣǴ඼ƷƷ˵۷ˣޣĺãڽᵤʿҲһ
Ҳû뵽⽻׻һʼͳϧ֮۷ãȴȲСӣϹȻܹͨ⡣
ϵҲûУȻҲȥס
ʿ˼֮󣬶ûʿн׵Ĵ㣬ֻε̾˿
Ҫʱһʿվ
һʯƷϺòϣʿһа̨ϣ֮һȭͷСĿʯӨ͸ʯڲл״Ľ⡣
ɽʿϲ˵Ľ˲ɡ
ʿ΢΢һҲʹ󷽷վһȭ󣬵´һġ
һжһƴľг
ľв֪ľƣ̣ͨл״˸ͣںиǴŽɫĽƷһţԵľطǳ
龰Ŀⶼ˹ȥ̬Ŵ˺顣
ЩʿһǼʶ֮ˣȻ֮֮ͬСɣڽһʼͼ˱ɾһ
ߺ˫Ŀһɨˣ΢¶ֵ֮ɫָŷһ㣬Ʈ£и漴д򿪡ʱһ֮Ӻл𣬾һֻƵĹ֥
ֻ֥Сͨȣ⻬Ө˿˿ĺƣһɼ֮ģ
ͿĿɿڴʱ˽г˴֡
ྫ֥ǧеĳྫֻ֥ҵػ֮ڣ˼ܼ˵õˡǺֶΰһʿ̾һ૵˵֪ĽǶʼɣ
ྫ֥Ǳ֥еĳྫ֥Ȼ鴫⿴ɢĻͿ֪ͬСɡʿҲһɧмһʿûмɻĵ
ʿʿһ۽гԼ֮Ŀһ˿ɫ漴ͻָ糣˵ȻλѾϳ֮¾Ͳ˵ʲôˡǧྫ֥һ꣬ʮʯ鵤Ķϣ߻ͬϡ
ྫֻ֥ҵػ֮Уʮֺǧݣ˸ݵȻǸΪͶĶˡ
ͲΪྫ֥ݣΪྫ֥ټҩȻҪµġ
ྫ֥ȻϧǽᵤʿʯҲǰģһЩԼòϵĶһʱ֮䶼䳡
мʿȺȥǽʿＸ䣬Ȼóʿ
˿ǽʿֻǵɨһۣͺľܾˡǼʿЩ㬵˻ԭλ
ྫ֥ɼѵãǧĳྫ֥ҷ˾ţ֮ŵõġʮʯѾǺܱˣһǸϣԵĲһʹֵ΢һ㣬Ҳˡۼ˶һɽ


325 Ϲ
ʿʧ֮࣬Ҫ֮ʱȴȥ
ѣɷ
ʿһ㶣ǧĳྫ֥۸񲻷ƣҲҪöƷ޵ܻ
һöƷɷ񣿡ʵ
ʿһᣬ˵ͷҲԣ
ڻ֮ɱ˲ޣоһͷƷ޽ԣǡޣҲףྫ֥Ҳֵ
ྫ֥֮пԴ죬һ±ɷܳĳྫ֥ȴܴ죬ԼֵһĿȻ
ͼߵʿǰһһгСȻֱ׸˶ԷԼĬĲһ䡣
ʿҲסӹд򿪸飬ϸ˺һĿв¶ϲɫ
ɽ
һУྫ֥·ӡľУֱӵݸ͵˵ͬʱҲ͵Уս˴С
͵ͷͬľպãݵطԭλ
ãλѾˣǾһλ̨ߵ˵
Ǿɣ˿Ʒ˿Ƴɣһ˵ķʿעϸ˿֮Уϸ˿˲üޱȡ
ڳĶʶ֮ˣϸ˿֮һɼˡ
˿Ҳһ׵ķû뵽ʿȻǾͨʿ
˿δΪͨһѡ񡣡ʿ˵
˿ֵȻδرȵϳྫ֥ȴһý⣬ڳʿܶ඼ȤԺܿ㽻˳ȥ
һʿѣԶվ˳
һ޲۵ĽţᵤʿóĶһƷԶ֮ǰϿĶɱȡ
ֵ̨ܿͣóһľУľͨͨҲûʲôƣû
ǵʹľУȴڳʿһʹǽᵤڵʿҲԼ顣
ľ֮öɫԲ棬ڳĶǽᵤʿȻܿǺ
飡ֻײֶƵ飡
˵ʹײֶһƳҲλĸ֮٣һӾͳö
Ҳ֪ҪȡʲôֻҪڳĸλóĶĶöˡ͵Ц
ô˵Դ󣬶Ĳ֪ҪЩʲôҩҩȱҲ˳˳ˮνӤʱûд㣬ϾʰҪӤڵ졣
Ȼ͵Ҫһ㣬ϧ̶ȰȻûж׷ǰԼĶóҩҩᵤʿóĶȻǷƷЩȴĶ
ţ֮пһʯͷ
һöʯͷһɾ֮˲͵ϡ
Ȼǣһ˿ϲɫȴߺܺõ
ʯͷǴӺδõģͲʵ
ʿȴտڲ̸ǽʯͷ
ʯͷҪˣöˣʹһɫʯͷУöסҲʿС
˶һ㶣֪ڸʲôöͻһʯͷ
΢ʿһ㶣һۣ˵ͷ
֮мλʿ̨˶Щ˵ĶƧûԸ⽻ֻε
߼˶̨ˣ΢΢һЦһӣ׹һϱ˶ʿƷʱ㵵Ĳ
ͿЩɫʱ䡣
ϾȻڷ߰˸СһĿܹޣаǣкţĴڡ
ЩȻȴɢžԶʤ͵ͭ׿ܣнᵤˮƽӡ
ͭ׿ܾ͵Ķθ죬ǿ˽ӽᵤڵʵҲǽĴϧϵĻϣͭ׿ܵĻʯļֻˡ
ͽ׶ʯͷһöʯһöƷʼѵĻʯҪͭ׿ܵĺƽᵤĿܡ
һֱ͵ıǻʯûиƷʵĻʯ޷ƳǿĿܡ
һӾó߰˾ᵤʿĿܣҿַϹſϹս֮󣬺ҩֳ֮Ϲſ׳бȻ˼̳Ϲʿ²
ַܵΪȻ֮ڴ˵ϽѾã;޷Ƴ
ϹſܣҺ׳ʿ֮һϹַзֵģÿһʯļ۸ۣӦĲһҲԡߵЦĿһۡ
һȻѾ³ͶϹŵĿոյһöʯȻûߡ
ϹſܺϹսһ⣬һʯļ۸Ҳֵܿ˾߿ܾһա
˴ν׻͵˽ˣһ֮һʢᣬʱֵĶǰѵһƷЦ
߳׻ķ֮ͱҵǸʿ֮ǰʹʾֻҪʿ˵ʯͷʮö
ʿҲӦˣʿصӡ֮С
ȷϵͼûв֮ͱ㽫ʮö齻ʿ
ֽ׻ߺܿ׷
£üͷһ塣
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Ĵ£һ·ϳͨ裬Ȼֱӽ˾֮УԺ׳ǳϿţʿʹ㻨ٶʯ޷붥㡣
ŨȻ鴫̾һҲ͵һοȻеطܹ
ҲϹ֮󵭵˵
һŵĿȷʿŪĶ
Ѻα˾ȣѲҲϹսϹſ𣿡Ц
еĺâһ֪ģ
֪ԼӵϹſǻ˵Ͼڽ׻Ѿ¶ţϹս֪ģ
Ѳؾţڽ׳֮ʱִʿĿ׺ȤñҺ׳ǵʿǱѶϹսҲһ˽⣬һ֤ʵǵĲ롣ߵ˵
ϹսϹſϹž׳ǹȻ鴫Ц
ѲҪᣬҺ׳ǶԵѲ޶⣬ֻǰһˣ˵
ǵΣʵ
ЦЦһ裺͵һʽף
ף
ףѼȻϹսϹſҺ׳ͬϹѵõҲֻǲбΪҲͨޣҶкô˵
аЦȻûв´׳ȻϹǲǲбˣζ벻ԼյϹǲȱģģ


326 
ֻһЦյϹɶģûбҪǻͨޣеĻôԿĻԼ
֣СܲҹͬΪȫûҪ׳յϹȻҪС֮ϣСܲһЩоˣȻҲῴһöʯˡ͵Ц
͵ܹǫˣʹǲоҲҵЦͬסЦ
һЦЦǴҪҽˣ
ϹſͰˣϹսҺ׳ǽǵ˲ȱĲְˣһϹս׶޷Ƴܹõ͵׳¸м
Ŷ֪ɷһۣ˵
Ҳʲô˵Ķ͵ҲںƬЦһöɫɵǰ
ͽʶ֮У֮еݶ϶ҪĵطѾϹսͲȱҪصƳϹս췽ҹ̷
׳ǸϼصľƳϹսףôϹŵսҲôͷˡ
ʹ׳ܹϼصг֮ƷҲ˲ٹˡ
΢΢̾˿ϹսѾǲȱ׳ܸЩоףʵ
վƷˣǵܹ׳±ضмѣ˵
׳Ȼٸɢ϶ɵǺ׳ǵʵȨȴʼնץЩϹʿУ˵ЩϹʿĴڣ׳ǲŻӵֽĹģ
ЩϹ֮УϹսȱΪһţ༸ܹƳƷϹսȴһս׶޷ƳǷһͬϹսˣȻô׷Ź
ҿʯҲȱٻʯϹſܣ͵ܹϹսóһۣҺ׳ԸʮᵤĻʯѡ󽹼Ŀ͡
ʮᵤĻʯһջ󲻿νʮᵤĻʯҲζʮ߽ᵤĿܣ⼸Աȵһɵʵˡ
аԴһ£ԼȻ֪ǹʿõʯĵطȴһܹõĻʯ׳ԸṩʮᵤĻʯȻٺòˡ
Ϳɲɵ׵Ϲսǣս׺ڼײȥ֮ͻǾսʵ̫꾡ˣǱ޳ʮս׵Ʒ󻹽սŪĶȱһ飬ȱһ飬ֻս׵Ʒս׻ǵ׵Ĵڡ
õϹսӡ֮к󣬽
һ֮е˲ͱסˣȻһսҲǧٿףȴȺ׳ǵһ꾡и֮⼸޼֮
û뵽ͻԼսܹõսѾ˴ˣôܵõ꾡սأ
оΪġ
͵ܵսȷҪǵ꾡һЩҼ׺ͱ̲׵ƷƷϹսҲ⣡󼤶˵սٺ׳еĵλȻ
֣һ֮룡˵
͵뽫һսú׳°㡣Ц
ϣ׳ܹṩһƺҼ׵ĲϣҲҪһϹսף֮ǰȻӵϹȴΪͷûвϣ޷ơ׳ǼҴҵҲӦİɡ
üͷҵһϻ֮󣬲д𰸣͵ܷģƾһսҪӦûᱻġ
ôСܾ;ּˣЦЦ
͵ܷģ侲ұˣѵõĻᣬٶʮ͵ܿҪúϧЦ
õһϹս֮㲻پ뿪͵ľ֮ʧͨľͷ
ٳϣһ˴󹦣ϹսҺ׳绢һ޴ʯ֮Уʮλʿţվ롣
ϹսϹսҼ׺ͱ̲ףսǺ׳ƳϷʿ̲סЦ˳
ҼҪĲϱǺҿʯֿʯǵĴ࣬޷̫࣡һĿ˵
޷ҿʯҲʲôϡĶֻɹɣҲ֪
һ£һҪҪһƺҼ׵Ĳϡ˵
׼ˣƽ׳ӳһɫƣԵø䡣
ƣһ
öҲζͿھʮһܵ׳ǵı
ǲ̫ˣ˺û˿Ĺϵǡ˶Դ˱ʾ⡣
Ϲսֵɹ£һϹ˶Ǻ׳޺˵
ͽҵʯŹر֮󣬽ĳྫ֥˳ʱྫ֥Ѿʼܣݴ඼ǧҡ
ྫ֥ǻϵҩƷ߽ҩڻϵʿ˵ӵмغô
Ͷ˵ͽྫ֥£תڵྫ֥Ʒ߽ҩԵĻϵ͵ľ֮ĴҴܣȴ;ޱȵྫ֥ȻԻʿкô
ͱĿྫ֥ҩ֮ʱͻȻһʹ󾪣
æתѹסһһ·ѹһ㣬ྫ֥ҩ˲䱻ߣ
䣡ڷ·ʲôըһ㣬ǿҵʹмҪιȥ
һĪͬѹ˺ܾһ㣬Ű¶Ҳߣ
ĺӶͷ£ȫ֪ʲôѵྫ֥ж
ҵʹһ̲ס˳
Ժ֮УƺһɫĺһɫĶɫһֱһȴֻǵɫİˣǴʱɫȴٶȼ
ˣͻȻ͵ԴһƬհףžû֪
ͻ֮УһҲû뵽飬ȻˣαΣԺпһһĶȻ
ȻǻȻ
ЩһֱûֹͣûԼԼ˶ٻЩҩĪʧԭǱˣྫ֥Ϊѹյһݣûˣ
λλȻֻһεĲ࣬ȴ͵ʷ츲صĸı䣬Ϊ˳
ϾĽᵤʿδйĽᵤʿȴǴڹͳƿΪ򵥣


327 ᵤ
Ȼ㲻ʲôϺõҲ֮ˣ֮дʿκ߶˶Ϊϡ١
ͣڻʱ֮˹һѹͷˡ
ٶȱԭȿԭʮҲֻһݲŻᱻգʣµĶװ׵ʧˡ
ԼʹʮĶ츣ټ޾ĵҩٶҲǺԺõʿ൱ˡ
ҵĻڽˣ̲סЦ˳
һʵǵȵ̫ˣ˼ʮĻССı仯ʮ֮Ͷ֪Լ˶ٻЩǧĻ㶼ǧʯ֮֮ڿ»û˴ֱʡ
ǽǴλλķ˶ʮ꣬λ߶λ֪Ҫʱ䡣
͵ܣҽҼ׵ĲˣͻȻ
ָ㣬ȥҵĽơ
֣ÿֽţȥ˼ʱˣͽһж׼ˡЦ
Ҽ׵ĲҲ㲻ʲôϧԺ׳ǵʵܹġĴ͡
ʶһɨȷȫ֮˵ͷ˴
Ҽ׵Ʒ׳ǵģȻޱȣҼ׽һֲϹսףʮϹս֮жǵ׵ĴڣͿıȼֱ֮
սͻ϶ûȤҪһݲҲֻΪԼڻˣ͸ĵʮöᵤĻʯ
ƺҲ룬Ӵ֮ͳһȭͷСĻʯЩʯƷʾƽᵤڿܵϺԭϡ
ֹȻţЦ
ʯˣ͵Ϲսȣֱǲֵһᡣҡҡͷ
Ҳģڿʲôĵط˼Ҫĵطμǡ
ԴҲֻܿЦŽˣյϹſȺ׳յĶҪ꾡Ҳõܾ
ں׳ס֮ͱҸ뿪˺׳ǣ׳ǵĳϵҲûΪ
ճ׳ͱԼϢĻòʹӴվǰҲϲ˭
ǹʿϸĿһ֮΢΢̾˿ħȣ
ħڼҲһյأ˵ϹʿսĲϹʿĹ͵ҩȻͬСɣǹʿõĻʯҲǴħΧõġ
ʿҲǺ·ͼֻ谴ͼҵǵط
ͲھȥħȣᵤڵΪȥħʵ̫ΣգħУǿ޺ħȱȽǣʹǽᵤʿҲ̤㡣
͵ĴȱչأԼΪᵤ㣬ʮ׻ʽҲҪúüֻ˲ܷ׻ʽ
һºĺ׿һ¼֮֮Уڻ֮ƵĴҩͬҪǮһ£˲Ƴɱֻϣ̵ʱͻƽᵤڡ

תƣһչؾһ꣬˳ıչҲʼδԸͻƽᵤڣһ·ͻ˽ᵤڣ
ԼѾǽᵤڵʿ֮Ͳûιȥ
׻ʽҲѾȫڵһҲԽ͵ɱﵣ׶á
ᵤڣһĽᵤڣһͽˣԪӤҲһ֮ңˡ
ǹܹԪӤжˣ
ʹʮʿ֮жܹᵤжܹԪӤĻԵҲֹֻڴˡ
֮䣬Ҳ˼Ϲſܣ⣬ʮʯ˷˴룬ʹǽƳĿҲԶԶ׳óǼߡ
Ҳ֪ϹſôģȻҲᱻϹʿƳ硣
ܹҲĳɷ棬Ͼһʼõı׾һƷֻԭһЩˣҪ׶ˡ
һϹսףʹ򵥵ϹսҲһξͳɹ
ҪϹſɾͱдĻʯħһڱУΪ˻ʯϹʿŲ
ͱʹ㣬Լᵤ֮Ҫ߱ݸأѰҹʿַǿԼΪֽѾǽᵤڣҪΪӤ׼ˡ
ᵤʿȻٶԪǶĻҲ⣬ȻͲ꣬ڽᵤʿ֮лģҲʣٶԪǲ׼޷ӤĻٶ֮ǻһg
¡ͻȻҵĺ
ţû뵽ССº֮л޵Ĵڣ;ȵ˵
ͷº֮д򶷣ͷӦǺģȻͲûз֡
ҵǣ͵Σټʱ֮УϵϢڸˣͷ޲ûз͵Ĵڡ
ͷ޷ĶĻôǲ룬沼õļˮͷ޻У޵ĻǾһצӵˡ
ͷƷȻᱻͷڵʵҪɱͷƷ׾٣ȴ¶ˣԼϢ׼Ϣ뿪º
ǡѪɺͿͷսĴһѪɫɺһ㶡
ѪɺӦǺ֮Ǵڻ֮һ㶼֣º½ֹ֮ôܳ
Ѫɺڻ־֮ҲǺܻӭһʵؼӲǻ֮ʿƷѡϡ
ͷսԵҲΪһѪɺˣѪɺȻͷˣȻûͷ޵ˡ
ҲԼƣᵤڵ˲䱬ͷڽս֮еһֵĿ͡
һֻзһ㣬ͲɵЦЦͷƺǰģºһʱº֮оȻͷޣССº˵Ҳѵˡ
ף°ɣһѪɺ͹ˣһ
ѾӵǣȻĻͷ޲ʵĿѪɺһۣΪһѪɺѾʮ꣬û뵽ͻȻðȴһܡ
ߣɱһ
ͷŵѾӾܣͷ޸ոսףֲʲô츳ޣʵ޵ĺܡ
ߵһѪɺǰһֻһѪɺ
Ҳ˼ˣҲǲˣһһѡ
ͰѪɺһ˲䣬ŵͻȻһɶɳȻʼݣ˲Ͱס͵˫ȣһݣ


328 Ŵ
ʹ󾪣Ǳɳ֮УܿͻΪϢ
Ȼ䣬һɳɫĻڶ𣬳ȵ¶º֮ºĺˮʼ
ҵһȲѹ
ߣ֪һҵͬһɳ֮С

ɳ֮дīɫѪҺȾɳ
ںҵĸ֮£һֱ͵ɳڻһɳ֮¾ȻһС档
ЩС涼͵ĺҵճ˽̿ոЩ鶼ЩСĹ
͵ϣЩСͻὫ˶ɳ֮УȻһһĽͿʳ
ЩСѪɺӰ룬ֻҪѪɺĵطͻЩС档
֮ʿСȡһ֣Ѫ档
ЩѪǱѪɺ·һʿ϶ѪɺǱὫɳ֮УЩѪӼСȴһָֻ׸ǵСһͷϻһ㶼
ЩѪͬʱһܹ񾭵ĶҺѪҧеڶʱھͻʧȥ֪׸
ЩӦֻڻ֮Ż֣º֮ԶأһѪɺѾֵˣЩѪ涼ˣҲһʱЩѪĵ
Ѫɺһ£ΧвٵķģˮĳˢЩѾģˣȴϡϳЩȫϹŷģ
˼һչصĵطȻҲŲٵܣȤĿЩġ
ִһ쫷磬ɳʯɢܿһͼ͵ǰ
ͼȻªǿ̻ڼʯ֮ϣȴµķͶʲô
ȴȷͼһ󣬶һϹʿĴ
ڸͷ˼εİۣЩ۵Χͼĵط
ӦþǷʯˣ૵
óʮƷʯǶ˰֮С
󷨽һ±û˶ⰼ֮еʯҲױ˷ĩ
ʮƷʯṩ޷󷨣󷨶һ¶첻
üͷóʮƷʯǶ˰֮С
䣡ʯͷϵķͻȻҫ۵ĹâºزȻʼѡ
ҲˣʮƷʯڼϢʱ֮Ҳ˷ĩ
ʮƷʯ޷֧Ŵ󷨵ʯôֻƷʯˣ
һ󷨱ҪʮƷʯʹһںʯҲһʮƷʯʮƷʯһƷˡ
ȴ֪Ϲ󷨵ʲôãԥһ֮󣬱ӴͳʮƷʯ
Ʒʯ̺֮ͬСɣʮƷʯ֮е֧ϹŴˡ
ĵĹâԽԽǿڳ֧·תºҲһ޴ĶѨ޴ĶѨ;;һɺֱš
ʱͲòЩϹʿֶΣ˵ҲʱˣǾȻתʵǷ˼
ĶҲ֪ǲӦýȥɫĶǲǲȥȴܲأϾֵϹʿżǾôװ׷ŹˣҲĪ
ƴˣҧҧʮ׻׵ĻҲ󣬵֮еҲǴ˶׼ʹԪӤʿҲܳסһᡣ
ͽŸո䵽ⶴѨϿգû£һɾ޴˲佫ͳ˽ȥһ˲ʮƷʯ֮еҲեɣһѷĩ
һУͱһɿֲϮʮ׻ʽ׹ʢĻסͣϱɫĻҲƾռ֮ͨǿ֧š
һǰͽ֮ͨǱɣһΪǽʮ׻ʽǰʮٱռ֮ͨҲǱˡ
Ҳգ۵Ĺ򣬵ȴһ㹦չصһ껹Ҫ
öģʹ󾪣ǰͻȻһƬ⣬֮ľŨѪζ
ۣͻȻһƬɫˮˮճޱȣһĶˮϺƯŴʬ壡
ѪѪﾹȻѪҺɵĺ
תЩѪҺ赲棬ܿ췢Щˮ򵥣ȻڽʴȥʹҲҪѪ֮С
󷨵װҴˣⲻǼݣҲݣѵ֮еһݣҲû˵֮һƬѪͲɵ
ԽľԼ⴫һľˡ
ȡһͱѪϷУҽΪѹƵڣİĵطһʵǺõġ
һɣ£ͶѪ֮ϷУǵһĺɫ˻ߵĻ֮ºһʧ־ᶨͷˡ
Ѫ֮вûʲôĴڣһƬѪͬĽһ㣬;Ȼһ˶ûС
֮͵֮ڳһɫϸߣ͵۾ĸµķ½أҲΣ׻˲ʩչ˻ΪһϹ½ء
⡭ͱǰľˡ
֫ԫѪ
һׯȴֻʣһصʬ壬ׯȻһڡ
ĵͻȻһõԤУǳϣԤвġ
ˣһæԼϢʯ֮С
Ӱ˲أĴɱֻгµɱ˲ŻӵС
ڵΪɱ˵ʲôͷһ
ΪԼɱѾˣǺһͬӤһЦˡ
֣ոģôһӾͲˣԸߵʿɻĿܡҲǲ˰ɣӵһɱĸɸɾˣлڡʿЦ
ߣҵģȻҲϽʯѵΪǳѱǵ𣿡߸ʿмһ
һ£⸽Ӧûʲô߽׵ʿΪҪסʿǷ֮ˡ
ǡ
ʿû˵꣬ӲӵıѾǲϣ
˭Ȼǳǵĵ£߸ʿһ
ЦһͦӲǺĻһһ
ңɱǳǵӵĺǶӲˣ߸ʿЦһ
һ㵹Ͳˣʲô£
Ȼ˼ҲȻҲѿ࣬һˣѪծۣɱǶΪҪмֵһ㣡


329 Ѫ
һѪһ˵˲̱ûκεɡ
ԭˣͲѪζĴׯһۡ
ׯǳǣǳڷԲ֮ڶһҰǽᵤڵΪ
Ҳѹ˻˵Ŀ
Ҳļ򵥣һӵûڹ涨ʱϽ㹻ʯ˱ɥĲȫ塣
ھݼǲܵ飬ȴǼҳ㷹һԲȫƽˡ
ΪﲻǾݣѪһյĵطѪױߵãɱԽ࣬ϵѪζԽŨԽܵõ˵𾴣˵ǿ־塣
˵ļ֮Ҳ˽⵽ѪγɻϹʿйء
ѪϹǿ߿ٳһС磬ͬݵСǧһ㣬Ѫӹ󣬼Ժһ֮
ϹʿΪʿ֮أݱ䣬ＸѾԳһ硣
ʱţһЩϲ֮⣬û˻ǵһѪ
ûʲô򷨹棬ʵӲֻҪʵɱѪҲû˻˵ʲôǿʳһĲп֮ء
ͻ֮ȣѪû
ǧѪ֮еʿ뿪Ѫȴһ˳ɹ
뵽ͲɵĿЦѪеǧټƵҪȥȴ֪Ĵ
ΨһͰοǣᵤʿѪ֮ҲѾ˲õĸˣͬǳǵĳҰǣȻǽᵤڵΪΧĳ֮Ҳǿˡ
ѪϾһΪٳ磬ԴϺ;кܴĲ࣬ǿߵĸҲȻҪȾһЩ
ڵΪΨһеֵҲֻԪӤǿˣ˵ȼǿѪ֮пǷëǵĴڣϵļʺ·ϱϵʯвࡣ
Ѫ֮ɱ˺޹˼ɣԴʿһЩħħЧ죬ǿѪ֮Ϊʺϵ
ˣʩչѻѾǷֶһԣͱʩչݹ뿪ƵĴׯ
ѪܴѪ֮дĳǳأЩǳصдĴׯǳضڴׯżϸĹ涨ׯܹ٣ܽɸ߰ıѡ
Ѫ֮дڴ֮ͽǳߣЩͬһѪ֮εӣׯ¾һա
ЩܹɴıѣôǳػǵİȫǽѵĻЩвᱣǣһ㽫ϴһա
ʱ֮ͷһׯׯδƻǷ٣Լ߰ʮˣΪߵҲʮһˣʵҪֿôɥĲ߸ѻʯ
ׯʵޣòʯƸʿֻܹһһ졣
һڵߣׯҷ
΢΢̾˿ѪҪһطţȻĵһׯôѡˣ
䣡׼֮ʱͻȻׯ֮˺˲伸ʯìͣķҲ͡
Դֻ΢΢һЦִһ쫷磬Щδͱȥ
ߣеʿ󾪣
ܣˣͻȻ˴
ͿЦһѪ˵г̶ƺĻҪһ㡣
Ҳߣֻһŵĵطˣ͵Ц
ڴׯһ󷨶ûκεôôҡڵ߽ׯ֮С
㡭㡭
εҡҡͷ˭µģ
ҡҡǰҪʲôãֻ㲻Ҫ壡һʮ߶߶µĿ͡
Ŷôɱȫ壿һЦ
û˼ҡ
ˣҶ˵Ҳߣҿׯһٿʯס°ɡӳһٿʯߵ۾ֱˡ
ããСȥ׼һǰõķ䣡һٿʯ
һٿʯϽһµıˣһһʯ㣬ǻʮʯʣôһþˡ
ϿСׯ˵һٿʯҲһ൱ĲƸˡ
֮еҲû뵽ӵ˲ûɱóһӶδӵеʯ
ͷ֮еʿ鸡ȻûҩʯȫǿԼȻʵǺķѵʱȴԭȵʮ
СͶһС֡
ңСֵĺ˼Ȼ⺢ûж𣬵ѪĿֲѾĿÿ˵ϡ
һ⣬شĺãһʯģóһƷʯ
ȻʯջױȵģС˵Ҫӵʯӵױȵ츳ӲŻøʯ
ӽʲôĸ
Ҵ壬ڽĳСʵĻش
⽣ĳʲôΪͼʵ
ǽᵤڰɣСͷԼشҲǺܿ϶
ܺãش⣬ʯˣóʯС
СüЦĽӹʯлл磡
磿ͲЦ̫̫үү´ˣפյڵòҲǶʮˡ
һٶȫĿⶼϣһµǰɲʲôʱġ
һʱׯ漸ʮ˶͸ΧһϣĿ͡
ƽʱ๤׬ʯҪϽɸĳǣ䵽ļûУٶȻҲĿԡ
ʯޣԡ
ʹ˻һЩɫޱȵѿ
ϻһЩҩ֪ܽĶңЩҩǵˡżСƿ˵
Щ˲ˣʯԵҩôĶ첻Ҫ˵ҩˣʯûһ顣
һһֻҪ⣬Ҿ͸һҩЦ
ѪѪûһ֪Ȼʿ֪˲ٵ飬Ƕ˵ǲӵó͵ϢԴǷͶһҩһͨľ˷ܺþá
Щ˵Ϣ֮ͶѪҲһŵ˽ˡ
Щ˱ϾǴѪĵײ㣬ܹṩϢҲģΪȱġ
ӼûʲôʯԴÿ¶ҪɼǿʯǲظһЩʿȺӵѰĿ꣬ǽΪΪԣǿάŴӵĿ֧


330 
Ѫűһ׵飬ʱпܱ߶ϣСʵʹһڵߣҲҷ
ͱֳʵͲҴܿͰ
峤͵ǰǱֵޱȵ˳ӣϣܴϵõһЩô
Ͼһ͸һٿƷʯָȫһɵ϶֪˲򵥣Ҹǲƣܽ˳õҴ壬ҴҲһ¡
ǰĳǵĸ־ҪշˣҶҪӭӣ΢Ժ֮и֣΢΢һ㶣ĳձѾȻҪȫӭӣ뵽ĳܱߵҲܲ²õһ߳˶Ѩ
ѾǽĳǵĹˣÿһׯҪȫԱӭӡ
ͳʱ򣬿ƺѾ߰ʮˣֺʿں꽻̸
ʮһţôһλʿĳǵʿһ
ˣǰҴģԻûü˵
Ŷʿļ۸ͲһˣʿÿʮʯҴһҪϽһһʮһʯ
ˡ⡭⡭Ҵôʯҡʼ
ûϵ˵ʱз㲻һСĻҪôʯҪôͽ˸ϳҴ壡ĳǵʿЦһ
⡭겻ͣϣͳְҴ塣
ͿĿ˵ͷ˳λȻʮʯҵıѣôԼɡ
ÿʮʯɡĳʿ˵
ʮʯҲ󣬲ҺɻʲôңЦеĿŶˡ
ĳǵɫһ䣺ǲˣ
ҡҡͷֻҪܴ߿ܣҾͰʯ˫ַϣǰٱϣ
ʮʯһٱҲǧʯҴıˣ
˻棿ĳǶŭɫʧĸɸɾǧʯҴҪһһʮһʯ֮⣬ʣȻǵĺɰˣǧʯ˵Ҳһʾ޿ˡ
ôҵͿһɣ͵˵
ֻһͷɫͿͻȻ͵ߣһɶߣɶ೤ɢźצĵһ
óƷʯǿ֮ܵУõʯע룬ǵͻȻ
أǺ̼ÿ˵񾭡
ǿʧܵĲƳᵤܵĻʯȴƳһͷڵĿܣͿжΪѸ٣ԸڵʿǺ
ǿܵĺһţֻһɫӰӦʱ䶼ûоͱǿѹ£ֻҪԸ⣬ʱ˽ǵ
Ͳ¶ˣ˾Ҳ뿴˵ʵΣǿ֮ͱ׳ʮƷʯת뿪˿յء
µĿһۣһߵǿܾ̲סһʯ֮뿪Ҵ塣
Ҵǰչ¶һ֣׽ǸסˣԼҪ֣һǿܾͽĳǵʿˣ˵档
ǿ֮ͱҴ֮ĴεΣչѾ޶飬ҪͻƻҪԵԡ
ļͷȴһֻɫСӣӵﻹżöĹӣֱۣǿ֪ЩӲǷƷٲܹĶ
СõᣬĪ˵ҴˣǽĳҲұ֤û˼ⶫ
ỹǧݵģΪ
֪͵ǰСȴͬɵ㶵ĿСеᡣ
±ģСһһܿͽһˣӲ͵ӡ
û취΢΢̾˿óһСӵĲϣȫժ黨һЩڻ֮ɱ޵
Сϲ̵죬óһȻĵЩǰҲܺûÿһ
ӣǻģЦ
ЩӿСӳԵʱѾǿˮֱˣôõĻŹһͬһ㣬еһȥ
һ˲䣬⼸ϵҴĴһ㶣漴¶ŵ顣
ЩĺӵΪȻ㣬ŵǴֱӱĵ㣡
⻹һֵˣʣЩӵ֮УǵҲǴ洦
ǧЧûеĻôҲ̫ˡ
ͷĺȫСӵƨɺ棬СҲɵ׵ĽԼĶǣЩӱСתٲȻͳ˺
ԴҲֻһЦСȻ˼ˣȴһСӣЩһҲٲ˲ġ
СӵİȫõˣСڵʵͨᵤʿĶ֣οǼСӣҪǵĵĻҲָӵС̫𣬽ЩӸˡ
ǰ⡭굣ǵĿСӣȻӲԶǱϾѾǳ˴ˣߵĻǺǲ롣
ʲôʲôСǲԶĵطһȺʮҵСǽӽߵĸԣǲСŹ
ǰҴδǰ
İɣСӿӦһеģ͵ȻĿԶ
ЩΪߵҲڣĶڵΪΪС涼ʸЩ˲֪СӵĻôҲֻˡ
ޣֵǣɱЩעãСӺһȺ֮Ȼԥĳ˹еķѾƴ
ĶᵽɤˣȻ͵ı֤ǿԼʮӾҪ߽ӴʼǷĲ¡
СȻ̰棬ǸôҲ֪Щ˲⣬һݣ嶼һϹ⣬ʮ˱㱻Сȭû˿ĵֿ
ŶЩӿʬǵûк£һӵϣЩõĶȫ۶ûзŹһǳ˰
⡭⡭ֱǰһĻ⿴޺ĺӾȻӵǿʵʮ߾ȻһϢʱ䶼ûмסڷ
͸һȺӵķӦ˾Ȼη壬һӵϣ龰ھݸǲܷģҲɵĸ̾ѪȻѪӶ˵ķͬѰ


331 
Ѫ֮޺УҪСЩɥĲ֮⣬ЩҲǼΪͷʹĶ
֮ǰҴֻܿɱһЩСΪһȺ˻Χɱ䵥ʿֺºٷҴҲǹĺܼࡣ
ס£ϽɵıѶͳġ
⽣ĳƺй̶ʿձѣضʿ˼Ҳҷֻʯߡ
ҪǻǰǱȻٻѹһ
һ죬Ҳ֪˵֡
һ˽кڣһ˽кνֵܣڽĳ֮еĵλҲߣȻҲᱻɳֿ¡
߲˵пЩߡ
ȻһЩ߲ṥµˣҲѱһЩ߲ÿγҲսսģһɥȪˡ
о仰˵ĺãǮʹĥϵʯȻ࣬ǵҩȴǶĺܣͰˡ
˿Ҳõ˲ٹڽĳǵϢǽᵤ۷Ϊʱп̤ᵤڣʮԱ󽫣۷Ϊ¸ǧʿڸĳǳ֮㲻ǿ󣬵Ҳһеȵĳˡ
˵ʵҲѹ⽣ĳǵʿ˿⼸൱һСˡ
лͻЩӴһ¡
ֵܿҲ֪һЩѪһЩصϢѪ֮һأǹϵյأʹЩᵤڵĳҲҽС
һѪʱĵһվޱѪ
Ѫ֮еѪˮиʴãʹᵤʿҲ޷ֵⸯʴһľ³
Ҿ˵Ѫ֮лһ壬ܹڵѪ֮棬Ѫ֮еʿȫᱻЩɡ
ڶرԨԨ֮дħ̾ᣬЩħϹʿͷʹĴڣǿʹԴҲȥ
ЩħһֱԨ֮УЩħһӿĻѪδֵܹס
һױ϶ϣױĳ棬ʹǽᵤʿմһҲҪҷ
Ѫ֮ʿĽأǻòͷˣȻ˻Ըء
ȴؼȤޱѪͲ˵ˣº֮еĴֱͨޱѪһֻܴºǰѪܷء
ȻޱѪ֮һô֮δػûдϹʿڿռʱ򲻻ֻȻҲгȥĴ
˵⴫ôصĿ
üֵ֮ͱ⣬Ҫʱ뿪ѪȻǲܵ飬ЩҲֻһһˡ
Ѫ֮бԼͲҴϺ͸Ľĳϡ
ҴȻôȴˣЩ˵ʲ߶Ǻ̫ˡ
͵ֶȻӵʵڶʱһ޴ķԾҴԼѪĵһ
ҴΪףƽĳǣһ뷨ȻЦҴ֮ΪߵҲʮһ㣬Ҫһмֱ췽ҹ̷
͵ķ֣ôһжò⣡
꣬ԸһѪ֮нһͿ˵
һ㶣Ȼ֪ͺǿǻûǿԽһĵزҪ֪Ѫ֮еĳǽᵤڵĸ֣ЩȻ˺һܣûӦʵЩǱɡ
ҲеǣЦһᵤڵѹ˲ͷųѹ˵ϣ⻹ĽǺ޹˼ͷųҴ¾ûһˣ
ᵤʿ겻ȷĿ͡
͵ѹԶԶʿҲǵһθܵǿѹ
˿ɹˣ͵Ŀꡣ
ˣˣҴ°ʮһԸǰ꼱æǰ
֪ҴһᣬǰպˣҴҲÿĳǵɫӡ
ܺãҴҵĵһֻҪǺúΪЧȻǡָһһֻǰ
ĵҩ֮Ҫ˷£콫Ϊ˵
ԵĹһ£ⴢ֮еĵҩƿȫ֮ˡ
뿪֮ͱ㽫Ҵ󷨸ȥڽҴʯУ˲䷽Բ۵Ҵ֮УŨٶȽ͸ĵҩЩͻڲ⡣
˴ĶΧ˾ȲѣҴ岻һССĴׯλ˴ֱʣ
¸£ǵĸݵҲһ꿴ҴЦһ
Ҵе΢΢𣺡ôмˣ
һڶʮϵߣд붼ڵΪͷĸڵΪ֮ҲһɲСˣʹһЩǳضԸЩʵǿߡ
Ͼ˳棬ҪһǵʧҲܴ
͸ôϵЩңЩоһһȺɱ￴Ǽķ̫СˣЩҲе־塣
ʮָ̬ĿƴҴҲһŵĿ档
һһ
ֻ𿰱ڵĿ˲˳ȥ
һοظһͷȥͽŷ롣
ЩȻʧܵĲƵʱʹϧϣӲޱȣЩߵķЩܵϸ첻˺
һյĹ⼸ܾͽһ֧ʮ˵ɱ⣡
˵ʵҲһЩǰսʿһЩĶĿ𺳣æȥԼˡ
ҴĴҲǼĿͣΪԼһǿĿɽ
һµʱ䣬Ϊʹʮһʮ㣬ٶȲһɹ
һЩ첻ȥ˼ʶҴʵ֮󣬷׷ǰͶ߲ܣЩȫڵĿܺһŴ֮뿪Ҵ塣
ڱ˵ĵҸ㣬ȻҪȥݼһϵϴˡ
˿ԼϢᵤڵѹ˲˽ĳǡ
ĳһ𣡡ͺ
η󱲣ȻĳҰһֲĽâҪն롣
ڽϵΪǲˣִһ棬һƺȻֲͣĽâȻǰֺĵס˽ĳһýĳڵʿԾѡ
ڲ֣ȥ𴦣һ
Ը͵Ц
ᵤʿֻĶԻأ⽣ĳǿ¾ҪΪƽˡ
㵽ʲôˣҽĳǺԩ޳ΪҪĺ
ĽĳҪˣܳңҩʯһȱ٣˵
ǾҪûˣһ


332 Ѫ龧
λᵤʿֻսһ⽣ĳȻֻǽᵤڵΪƾһǿĽΪϽᵤڵʿҲ·硣
չֳΪǽᵤڰˣȻᱻ⽣ĳС
ͺûн⽣ĳأ⽣ĳĽΪȻһ˿ϹŽӰӣҲֻģϹŽˣϹŽԶ
ĳһһɢŨҵѪζĳٳգ
һʹҲɵĶݣҪɱ˲ܾۼ˶Ѫ֮ʮ򣿰
һᵤʿ̺ѪȻʹѪɷѪӰ£⽣ĳòԵø
⽣Ȼħʿķ˽նɱ֮˵ȫѪᱻ˽գɱԽ˽ҲԽǿʡȴ˳鷳Ҳħص֮һ
ھݣ˷̵ֲķضܵʿΧѪħû˻ָʲôַҲѪе
𾪵Ļֻһ㣬ڽĳͬʱɲͬһͨʿһȴ͵֪Χ֮ڡ
ݵ𾪹ͱǿϲ֪Լһ˵Ŀˡ
ںνֵ˵Ѫ֮һֶص龧ʯƣ̺ȴȻͬЩ龧֮еȴԺںһ𣬲κεųá
ЩѪɫ龧Ѫ֮нᵤʿΪӵԴˣ϶ᵤʿ¢ϣ
ʹǺںνʿҲӵУ
Ҳ;ͽĳһսԭ뿴Ѫ龧кر֮
⽣ĳðɽȻͬѾһһ˽⡣
Ȼںһ𣬵ȴǿ֣֮ĳǽᵤ۷壬ѪȴֻǸոսᵤڰˡ
ɣһնһʹһâ͵ᵤʿһ𹥻һ㡣
ԭˣͰ̾һ
ѹѪеĽᵤʿѪ龧ӣ͵ڽԼʵӱˣ
Ԫܣҵ˲һƵסһ
üͷһ壬һҪڽĳǿ˺üԪܾȻ֧ơ
֪ԼˣѪӵýĳʵȫʩչ֮¿ѾڽᵤʿˣѪ֮еĽᵤʿһĻ˵ɲһϢˡ
ƣԪܺȻըѣɫĻ˲仯Ϊӭһâ
һɫ׵˲Ȼ¡
ãĳ󾪣æӶеѪɷֵ
̣һӴѪɷϵѪͱ׵˲٣ýĳʹѡ
ѪɷϵѪռ˰꣬ɱ˰ʿžۼģȻֻ֮һҲޱȵʹ
⻹һֳıòһɫĳɫĵ绡ʱʱ֡
ϵĳһѪ֮оȻַ
˵ķҵķĳа
͵ľ׻ʽŽĳѪ֮дʿ֮Ϊ֮ЩħʿҪš
׻ʽѪɷÿһײѪɷϵѪʧ٣
ܵģΪʲôĳˡ
û˿ѪսͬǽᵤڵΪҪռϷ磬Ƕȴѹš
˲˴ԼĹ;ԼҲѪ˳ֵ˽⡣
ʩչѪ֮ĽĳʵȷҪԶʤͨᵤڣѪҲںһʹ÷һᵤڵʿĻпܱ⽣ĳˡ
һλᣬңͿŽĳ
Ҳ䣿ĳһ
Ǿһ˲䣬˫ѸٵȥеѪɷҲ˵ϣһͳһģһʿһɫĳ̴˽ĳţ
ʱһѪɫĹ⻪ӽĳĵһǽĳ꣬Ǳѣֻһɸ
°ɣЦһ׻ʽһӣ֮׵Ȼ£ѪɫĻ޴ɶ㣬׵֮лΪ˷ɻҡ
ĳĴʰ֮Ĵ֮Ѱ˼Ѫɫ龧ҲӦþǴ˵еѪ龧ˡ
Ѫ龧٣ܹʮ飬˼Դһ֮⣬ľָͬ׸һСͷԱߵһʯȣʵ̫ˡ
һʯ˵Ҳʮϣ⽣ĳһ֮ҵǷЩʯñ͡
ԺľҪЩѪ龧ˣ૵
ʶѪ龧֮ҲȻĶܹԼʵĶ˭᲻ء
ĳѪɷ֮ͱصҴ塣
ȥʱˣҴ˿ھͷ˺ü඼һЩĽСׯˡ
꣬ҽһ£ʹꡣ
æŰֵ꼱æе飬͵ķ֮С
һöȥúóһ򽻸ꡣ
æ򣬷üģһ룬ʱڵĿھաӡһ㣬ֱӡļС
һѹĵļˡ֪УѾԼĳƺı䡣
һͷ
ھΪ꣬ϸãֻΪ㽲һΣѧҪ̸˵ؾ񡣡Ϳ꣬˵
ļ˵Ǵ˷һ˸һ˸ߡ
ΪߣѾΪ˷ܣÿڵĿھ࣬ɵÿԼи²⣬ȴģϾѪ֮УһеĹǼΪ֮֮޷á
Ҵ֮иһΪͨĹûУȫǿԼ֮ٶȻĿԡ
ɣ˼Ҫ⹦ڸҲɣŵʵ
ɫ糣ͷ˵ֹ㣬˵صЩҲҪڡ
һ𣬹һϹ֮꣬Էθĳ⡣
Ҫ֪Ѫ֮УٲУѰ֮֮Ȼлѧϰɽڵľˡ
͵˵ͷóķŻ֮ʱնɱĽ޵еĶĽһһͷβħʿ깦ǺͻϢϢصģ֮ͿԼĻᦣͼʮᦣȻǰٻᦣǧᦣᦣᦡ
֮Դһ׷һżͣں̵ܶʱڱգѾĶЩ֮ı֮ģ˲ǻɢ
ɱ˳ѪҲ㲻ʲôĹʺǵġ
ԼҲһ˻ᦣ֮ǰ֮ޣҲ
׻ʽѪ̫֮ҫۣҲֻһԼķԼõѪ֮С


333 
ָһע֮һѧͯһϸͼģĶ͵ĸмء
ȻûᵤڵΪֹһ۱ܿȻǵӦ֡
˵ִ꣬񣬹¡
ӣһ漴̹Ȼ̴˹ִ񣬵Ҳȷ
ʱȥתۼ䣬һζš
꼫ΪڷܣȫʱóҴе飬Ҳǿѹרо
ʱпɣټڵͨ׵ѣһµʱ䣬굹ҲЩɾ͡
ڵжĽ̵£һһУ˴˳ɾ͸Բͬ
µʱ䣬մɣȫоѪ龧о֮£Ѫ龧˴໥ںϣΪһ飡
Ѫ龧ڣ̺˹ģ棬ɢ״ڶĴ֣Ʈ
ƷѪ龧ĿһſڱѪ龧£˾ڣɲڵλãѪɢ˳͵ת
תһ֮ȫϢʱı䣬˿̵κ˵Ʈ֮УȫѪݺᣬĪ⣬沿˫Ŀ֮ľŶ
һ˫쵽˼˫ĿĳԲδף֮ߣɵһ
̧֣һգüͷ
ȫѪϧѪȫת֮£Ҳֻܴﵽ൱ʿĳ̶ȡ
һת£ھеѪʱһգȫѪ龧ڣ¶˿
ѪأȻھתȫϢ̴سװɷǡ
ѪҲȤĿ˸µʱ䣬߳˵ΣΣΪҴ֮˽⡣
Ҵ֮ˣ˽֪ͣ͸Ļᣬ֮ǰ͵ľᣬһɨգȡ֮ģ޾ĸм𾴡
Σÿһ߳˵κξ񣬿ͺ͹ʺá
Щ֮Уչ֮⣬һˣ͵ע⡣
ֻһʮĺӣȴչֳ൱츳µʱΪŲ㣬˿ٶȼʹҲЩԾ
ҲΪ⺢һʮᦣȻǼ򵥣ĻҲֻһֻȴҴ֮ȵõᦵˣʹ峤궼ûʸ
䣬ӵ
꣬û龧ͽеѪ龧꿴һ¡
˵ͷҴһ㣬ǲʦĴƷҲûôá
һϲ޷жپҪ١
˵ͷܿ˼Ѫ龧Ȼ˵ЩѪ龧ƷʲеĺãҲǾٳɶ࣬ȻŹ
ЩѪ龧ֻôһ㣿̲סʵ
˵ͷѪ龧Ѫ֮еزѪ֮еѪɣɢڸأҲòܼһ㡣
͵˵ͷԺǷѪ龧ΪһһЩҩʯһ׶εķ
˼ͷ֮˳˷䣬ȫȫѪ龧ʹǽЩѪ龧ȫ꣬ڵѪҲʮңҪһͱõ࣬ƷʸߵѪ龧취ֻӶᣡ
ɣɽжʮˣȫĿǰ֮⣬˴ǻڵһ׶Σʼ޷ɹ
ϥţһͷ˵ż򵥣Ҳ˿ѧ˵ضʮˣһһ׶Ρ
ɨһվԱߵ䣬ӵٶȣΪ⡣
͵ĿԼһֱп֮ɫŪͣɣѾ׶ϣѾѰһǷӡ
һΪ׶Σ꣬꣬ꡣ
ֻн׶ɣܳȡ֮УȻս
΢΢һЦһץϢг֣ǰһףЦµĻ
һѽס¶ϲ֮ɫյ̵ķüģ룬֮¶֮ɫ
ͣȻͨһصĿͷ
˫ۣ˵°ɣȫᦣͷ£ˡ
ԥһ£˿ֿͣ˿û͵ķԸʵڲ鿴
ɣҲ׶ζΣᦣǣӡǺʵͻ˵
æ򣬷üÿ꣬˵ȥѰᦵĲϡ
˵꣬һֵɣ׼Ҳѻ󣬷ɽ֮ˣǧһܶһ䣬ˡ
ɫ糣˵⣡
ͷæˡ
һºܶϢɽڴɽȾ˵һսԷȻ˼֣սʤ
һµʱ䣬ɽڵгж׷î˾ͷҹڼȥһΣȡ˼ͷ޵Ļǣ˻֮Уһʮᦡ
һ˻ᦵʽҴҲ˲С𵴣Ƿ׷Χ䣬Ҫʶһʮᦵ
Ŀ⣬伫Ϊ˷ܡ
°͵ĺӣ¶΢Цᦣʵ֮仹ҪձѾֻûǰͷĻᣬ䡣
ĻͰƺõģֻȡǰˣҪͷʼѶȲһĴ
Ȼϵ츳ȷǺǿΪ곬ԽҲǺ顣
ϳɾȻ֪ͶƺЩأټԼͲСδգѾԼΣƺ䣡
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ڵ״̬ҪСټǲܵ飬ûһΨһĻᦶ߶ȡֲЩޣӲǱɡ
ˣҾٰһأ͵һЦһ˿ĵĺɫСûķ֮С
СԳܰǣǼȫ֮ͨ£лᦵ棬ʹᦶһڵʿ˵Ҳһɶõķ
𣡡ͻȻķһֻ
ǻ֮е꣬ĳīԣ
ڻᦵĴ߶£ĳīԺη壬Ȼÿһ׶Ὣδɢĺ֮Уһһε飡
󼸵֮ʱĳīȻѾ֧üͷһ壬еĻᦴĺׯ֣ں֮ĳīͬ˼Ѫһ㣬ޱʵ󼸵׶Ӳ
Ҵ֮еĴ񼸺ÿ۹⿴ͣгĽҴĵһʿ
𣡡ĳīһ֮ص˻֮С
лʦ𣡡ɽٳɹ֮⣬֮ǰѪɵƳ
һжԼĹͣǼѪ֮ʱѾˣ͵˵
һ˻ᦾΪʦɣɰǣͨذɡ
֮УҴΪ겿䣬λףֳӳԣ겿˲ٵѪҺҲյ˲ٵѪ龧ЩѪ龧ڵѪҲڡ
ѪΨһĺôǲƿƣ仰˵ǽᵤڵΪôѪᵤ֮ǰȫõĻƿ
Ѫ龧ΪΪչΨһء
͵Ŀ⿴˾Ĳ䣬֮ڿ쵽ˣĲ䲻սӵĻ͵ļƻȫˡ
ĲҲǴ䣬ʮ򣬲֮ղصѪ龧ҲӦò٣ҪĲǻһ˴棬Ҳ᲻ܲˣǵĳĲӦòôû֣սӡ
һˣ͵ˡ
ʦкηԸʵ
꣡һɲǼ
ȴϲɫһ֮ǰŴҩЧҲɹʹһᦡ
Ƕǲأ


338 
͵û˿Ŀ־塣
ʹ֪еĿǾĲ䣬һҲû˿ĸı䡣
͵İ£ԼٶѪƽԭ֮ϿٵķţһʱĲѾǵ֮С
ᵤڣᵤڡ͸ܵĲ֮ɢǿϢ΢΢һЦ
֮⣬Ĳ֮л˲ڵʿȻЩʿΪԮݳھĲ䡣
ǾĲ䣬ʵȻ겿ܹȵġ̾һ
Ĳȣڵ겿һֻСϡ
ԾĲʵɳһڵʿԽ겿ʮˣû͵ĴڣҴԶҲֻҴ壬Զûл;Ĳа壬ҲһĳС
͵ĳ֣ҴһӵʮС䣬ɳӵٲڵ겿䡣
Ҳǰ¾ģһҪ͵ߣҲֻͲܰ겿һһǿ
ˣɱҶܣض֮͡
Ȼ޲ýιǣһ뵽ǿֲĺ̺׵磬߾Ͳ
ǿĶڴ¶߲һغϣȥҲֻˣе⼸λǵĳ֮ˡ
ᵤڣᵤڣǿʵԸҲǴ´ˡ
һ
ǵϣȫ֣һ϶˵޶Ӱ졣
Ȼǵĳϣ֮ȴǶôҪִϣûһҲʮ
ǾȻ˲ǵ棬ǿдɱǵִϣôʾȫͬˣڶƣ̡ܹ
ܹϵλòΪǳ壬ΪһʵǿޱȣʹԪӤ֮Ҳֻһ֮ңˣ֮ϣڰ֮ԪӤ֮ˡ
㹻ʵҲ㹻ʸ֮λ
ŶһӤʿԴȵĿŵơ
ûע⣬ϸϸ۲֮·ƾȻһӤʿ
͵ӡ֮г˰ݽɽׯŽ֮⣬ǵһμӤʿ
˺͵˵
˵˳˰֮⣬Ƕǰٷ֮һٵķӡ
һǰնޱȵѹ֡
еľһӤڵΪȻܹ͵ΪǱѰʹǺȿҲֻһ֮ˡ
ƲòԼľԴˣϾһӵΪʿսɲһȷѡ
Ĳ˾ˣǶǣΪһССĽᵤʿһᵤʿΪǺܲǵġ
𣿾ĲԮ;Ӹ£ޱȵư·Щ߳ƵĽᵤʿоһ㡣
ɫ࣬Ƕ˾ĴڣھȻ˵ӣܵˣ
ߣɱǳϣھȻҴѲΪǺ۸𣿡ƺ
ȥнֻһ˻ᦳĺ˲佫ĲΧһȫں֮еֳֻᦣдʣ
ܣ̲סִƻᦵ߲ܻ˭
һᵤڵĻȻװ׷Ź˻֮Уҳᦵ꣬ļ룬ᦵʵǿ
̫̲ס
̫ǿȡͽܻᦵһǾעҪһ
һʿϣͶ֣Ĳʵ̫޳ܣԽᵤʿ֮۸һδʿоʵ޳ȻǲҪôҲе档
Ĳ֮еʿɫҰף߾ֿܵŻɢĹǽֻڵж
Ƭ̣ǵ㱬ըһƻǱ˻֮УΪǧǵһԱ
ʹʹںۿеĳ֮ʢ´ʱͽȥͽᵤʿƴǶԥĲᦾȥ
̫̫ʵ̫߱ס
ᵤʿ棬;Ȼ˲ؿ񣬵ǵ壬ƣƣ
ҲԼ˺ݺݵһƣѪ˭֪ǣ˭֪ϣ
˿Ѿŭơ
Сƴһһͬһ㣬󣬺ݺݵĳ֮ϡ
֮һǿѪͬһ֮ϡ
һ˿˿ɫ˿֣꾹Ȼбƣ
ɫһ䣬һ˻ᦣʮָ㣬ڵѪȡ
ҪһҪˣһһѪ׽
ͷһɽԼѪֻϼʶλ֮ײβĴϺͶϣһλǱ˳Ϊǧѵһŵ࣬һʮʱǽᵤڡ
յƿ֮ӽԪӤڵʿֶ
ڽ죬Ȼ˻һܹɵĻѪ
ҲһĿŵƣӤڵΪټѪļӳɣƾΪǿĵˣʹҲκи
һתɵĿ˱ŭͷԵĻߣΪһĲ͵ǿĵˣ˵ʵǲֵãܹһôǵʵǿȱסһĲҪĶˡ
ư̾˿͡
ѣǶԵѲ޶⣬ǵѿϼǵĻôѺ;Ĳ֮ĶԹǵ˽Թұ֤ǾԲ֣˵
һ㶣˵ƣӤڵΪȻ˵ȻǸӡ
͵˵ͷԭǽвԮȫΪᦵһԱǵƵĳȴļƻңԵƼӤڵΪʹƾʤҲ֮ļᵤʿֵĻͶҪռ·硣
һĲȻԤ֮ʤԶǾвʮȴʵ
ˣĳձȴݷǣͬȥ
ãƹЦ
һϣЦʲô
Ƴ˻һۣ߾Լڱ֮һ㣬һս
ߣһλᵤϺʹȺʿ뿪˾Ĳ䡣
߼ӦôҲĲΪʲôΪǵӣҪ֪ǿǶĹÿ궼Ѫ龧˵ͰǷˡ


339 仯
Ҳû뵽ĲҲᱻ˵ӵһ졣
㲻úŹǣ֮˻˺ѷεĺ
ֻЦһĻᶼûˣ
ʶͻᦵ֮󣬵ƾѾ֪ߵ³ˣǺĶһΪ֮еһԱˡ
꣬䣬ǶסҪӳ󷨡ɱϳɱ
ǣ˷ܵ˵
Цһȫ߶ᦣĴ߶֮£Ĳ֮вϵȥ궪֮С
ӰɣһһһΪסģε˵
ĲѾѲˣµһһˡ
Ļɢȥһɲǣһâֱ͡
Цһָһ㣬һɫ˲佫âΧ
䣡ɫ֮£âһϢʱ䶼δס
һƺߣѪҺ˲ӿܵ˼Ĵˡ
ͣδعؿͻȻһʹ
һս˿ڣ
߲ŵĿԼؿڣҲҲԼ͵ǰ˶಻һ
ֻһ˻ߵڣһɫĹâǿг˻֮С
һ˿ĲȺףʮĲڷӴܣǸͲκεĵֿ֮ġ
ǿ峤һɱʲôʵҺͽа塣
꣬䣬ǵĻᦼʹ
һ飬ԼеĻᦼ
ֻ͵ĻΪģ˲֮С
ɲǼĴִӺ֮ÿһֶֻһĲʿһɲǣЩĲʿ㳹ʧȥϢ
һ֮ɱʮʿ
Ҳֻɵ㶵ĿһĻոջǻҵ࣬ת֮ͱһ߾ʬ壡
ЩʬûκεѪ֮оˣû͵Ĵڣôľˡ
ᦣһ
ƵĻ˶У͸ոȫ֮˵Ļ֮иǣͷָǵģᦣ˾ڵʿҲһ֮
սƷʰͽˣѪ龧֮⣬ǿзɣһ仰֮뿪˾Ĳ䣬֮ǰĲ󷨵
꽫ĲսƷѹһգͲûڵˡ
ĲҲǴ䣬ʯʮѪ龧ǧ飬ЩԭϽɸǵĹƷ˭Ҳ뵽Ĳ侹ȻᱻЩѪ龧ȫΪ͵Ʒ
ǧѪ龧ԽѪᵤڡ
ص겿֮ʱ㱻ǰһĻˣԭȲھĲĹ󣬴ʱȻ겿䡣
;ȻͨƵ겿䡣
ԳԹȻ֪סͨᵤʿǴ´ࡣ
˴ػ겿˵Ǹǡ
꣬͸ǱչزһЩѪ龧
ͱչز겿Ҳȥš
ʱ䣬겿Ҳţԭȵ˷չڵǧˣȻһţסķһƬȴ˿δ
겿俴;ǵ
䲻ţʱ䣬ڴԴĹע£Ȼͻˣ˵ٶʵͺա
ѪС֮;ĿԼһöѪɫ龧
ڵѪᵤ֮ʱѪȻ۳һѪͨѪ徹Ȼһ˿˿֮Ѫ
Ѫ֮һһľӵѪȴֻнѪᵤڵʿܴӿ֮Ѫ
۳Ѫ֮ѪѾԲѪ龧ˣٶϵĻվȫȲѪ龧֮еѪˡ
ˣʱеŵˣ͵˵
䣬һȥǣ¼׳겿䣬ϣ´λ֮ʱ겿ѾΪһӵ˵Ĵ䡣
͵겿˲˷ܵĹ͵ǰ
ڴˣΪͽϣúŬĪҪΪʦָһ㣬ĺ䡣
겿֮Ľ֮ɫȴκεĲǿ͵ÿһǶԵġ
лʦ𣡡伤Ŀʮͷ
ȥǣ
겿֮ˣ׷֪߳˭ȿʼһ˵ϣţе½£ȥ֮򣬵Ĥݡ
ǵУͱһ֮겿棬ڣ겿
ͬ£һζΪνͻͽһУʱ𣬺һ㡣
߳ǧ˵Ĳ䣬ֻͣó羴һݡ
͵ĽŲһһ̤ģʧ˵֮ڣɴ˵ˣȴʼûһվӡ
겿ʮ֮⣬ͷųһͷǳԡ
ʱҲóԽޣ
Х֮󣬳Ըӣǰ޴壬Ħ¶ϲ֮ɫ
΢΢һЦ̧ڳһԾϥ䱳ϡ
㣬Ҳɣƽ˵
һҧİǰһԾ˳Աϣµ˲䣬һ֮˳˫ֱӽ塣
źޱȣֵ֮ܵһһ֮ͨȫ˵ļ㣬˿̱̿
ı֣һ˿ͣһ£һӺһ㣬ֱӳ
ǿ͵ʱڶϣͶ磬ûκβʣоΪ
䣬Ʊ쫷紵Ϯһ㣬в˱ᱻԶ
˵ؾǣǧ·̣ԳԵٶȣҲҪһЩʱղſɴﵽ͸ûż֮£Ҳʩչ׻˷Գ۳֮䣬֮䣬׷״򿪸Եķ󷨣У̫ǿҪ֪ƾٶȣڰγ˱֮ƣһ·ͺһ׽һ㣬¡¡֮ԶԶݿƼΪˡ
Ĳ䣬ЩдСǽЩڸ߶սҲǣǻսĻʮҲδǵĶ֡
һ۳Ƕ첻飬ȻҲ첻
ǽЩȫΪеһԱĻ⵹ǿڶʱʵ
Ϳеĳȵʱ֪һ뵽һȥˡ
ҲѪ֮дˣ͵˼ҲѾʼ仯֮ǰħ䲻ų⵫ȴڴƻᦾͿԿѾˣ


340 
ҡҡĿھǰ֮ʱѳջأ˵ϡ
ԸȣԶҲ߳⣬´˵ؾ벿ǧҲûһԼֻмѹ£ޱ飬ɫ䵭¶
ɲ飬мƣʵϣǰ䣬Ը񲢷ˣ͵ľηʹ䣬ģ͵һС
˵أǷԲڣһǳأǣ
ɲ飬мƣʵϣǰ䣬Ը񲢷ˣ͵ľηʹ䣬ģ͵һС
˵أǷԲΨһĳǳأҲѪ֮ʮ֮ףǣ
в֮˵ǣǱ֮ʥأǲ֮˴յ㡣
һУǰ䣬Ч䣬ĿеͣĿеʥأǲɽȣյ㣬ǵõ͵Ͽɣ
ľ룬ܿ㱻ԾǣĿ
ǣΪӴ󣬼һۿ߼ʣ˳֮ƽʹʶΪĳҲǵ֮һ
˳ǣû̬ݣ̤
˳Ǳţ֮ڶ࣬Ȼء
֪磬һпʵ˵̫͵ã˵Ŷӽ֮ڶ࣬ǵȴûиʱ޷롣
ƿȺֱŶȥ֮
͵ͻȻţɲڳмΪԣЩ󽫾Ĳ¡
ܹǵϽ֮λҲζŴ˱ȻǽᵤڵΪ
볤ϲͬʵȨǶڽĹ֮¡
Щܹ󽫾µΪȻǲ
ÿ˵ΪڣУͺѰ֮ˣڲûκѪĴڡ
Ѫ֮УѪĶѾΪжһʿǿı׼֮һڲѪҲζŲᵤڣССʿȻη塣
߽֮ʱһǰһɫףиóһ˳ǹ˿̳ǹǰһɨԵ£
˵ǰһһУĿУͱڣһжͲߣĵˡ
֮˲¶һ꣬ĳīԣĳīһβֱ
ɫ䣬ĳīԵһкһ㣬һ̺֮ڣҪ㣬ȴ屻һ֮ˮһ㣬ƶ̱û
˾þɳϵΣ֮ʱгǹ̺ǰķȣ̤ȥ
ĳīԵβͣǳǹ֮ϣһǳǹȻѣƱݻһ㣬ȫΪĩ
ɫһף˵ʧӣȴڵ˺סǸѪ¡
ǰס˶˸أǷס֮ˣҲɵɫһףһȻж֮£Ҳˡ
˿̣׷ףɱı߶ΧסȻͨϲ㡣
Щȴ֮ˣһĻ׷Լٶɢ¶ֵɫ
䣡ͳ
ɲǰ̬ѵ⣬ҲԹԡ
һУԣͳ
ǣУκζ治ߣĵˣ
һԳͣݲûǹɳ嶯ԭкڣʹ˿ɫȴ˿ڸղûг֣ǵ治ϲȴǵòʧ
ҡͷ˵˵ȫȴĳ֮ڻй޷ٿģĻôܽ£Ȼ°㣡
һ̱ͷ¶˼֮ɫ
˿̣ʮһ¶ɱҲ֪˭ŭһֱֱֳȫ˳
֮⣬ݺᣬɳɢһɱɲЩɢЩǾþɳ֮ˣʱſӣΪǸߣֻҪ಻̫ҲҲܿ棡
ҿã֮ҪʹòŶԣ˵ţٻһ߻ǡ
ΪڣĳīȻһεĲ࣬͵Ŀ֮£һ߻ȴչֳ˾˵ʵ
ΪģһȦȦƣⲨɢ֮£гɲٶһƱһ㡣
̣ⲨƾҵһΣЩʱ֮һ𣬷׷׵ˣԱʱٶȣѸٷˡ


341 ְ
Ǻйһ֮Եĵơ
ȻǵƵĶӣ
ĵƾȻ˽˶ĶӣȻ˲òࡣ
ƻǵĹأִҵʵ޿⣡һۡ
ƿЦҡҡͷѣС³çˣѲҪ֡
ӣƺ
͵ֶۼʶģǸո̤ᵤڣ;ĲϹһĲࡣ
Ƕ˶նɱˣοǵ
һʱҲɶĺͷԣ֮һԾŶĸ׾Ȼᳯһ֮˵ͷ
ǳϰӸ׵Ȼ⣬ǻǹĳһǡ
ǰǵ³çˣǰҪ֡
ͶԴҲǵ˵ͷ˷ܵľٶõŭôҲ󽫾֮һ׸һ֮֮ϵϡ
ܹ֮˵ǸѾ𽵹ˣ˾Ȼ˲֪ô
Ȼֿ񣬵ܹ̤ᵤڣ֤Ҳһˣܹõ׵ӣȻ䲻֮ԵӲǽԼеĲǿѹ
һ˼Ȼͣ˾ȻܹԼķŭǿѹ֮ʱӳҲı䡣
ѶȫޣҺõȰƹЦ
ĳ֮񷱶࣬ȻҪһдˣŸҳЦ
ڵƵĴ£ͺ˽֮С
ǼȻܱΪѪһ۳ǣȻ֮
ֵ֮ʱضһȺʿѲߣάǵ
ЩʿΪף඼ڵΪڵĴڣʵҪȾݵǿټϳڰλᵤڵĸ֣ǵʵ¶ԺݵᲢˡ
֮ûԪӤʿҲȷ
Ѫһ۳ǣҪְ֮ʿνʤ֮ȴֻкٵһְֲ֮ܽ
ʹǾĲˣǧ֮ҲǵһûʵȨĳϰˡ
Щǧټƽһԭǵĸᵤϵʿ֮еκְ񶼻ᱻѪ龧ְԽߵõѪ龧ҲԽࡣ
Ѫ龧ټʹǾĲʮĲһҲֻռǧˡ
ǶӵﷶΧ˵Ѫ龧ȫ⡣
Ѫ֮гǧĴׯΪǽٳɶ࣬ÿǵõѪ龧һ֡
ǳƣ˴ƣ˼֮⣬Կȥ硣ƽһöɫơ
Уһתһ˲䣬͵ӿ˴֮У֮һӡǡ
ʽѾɣһƱġٻҲͨһöƴ١˵
͵˵ͷƵĲʼ⣬ǰûмʶѪ֮еĲˡ
ְǵְһְ񡣡ƽܵ
ŶҪʲôʵ
ʲôԣΪǳսȻҲֱӽϵһͨҲͨӦĲͨԽǿõĽҲԽࡣ˵
ͨЦһ
˵ͨǵôʾˣԼͨ񲻾ζŽԼ˵˵ǰǺ
Ҿȥɣ͵˵
Ƶ˵ͷ¸ֲ𣬵͵ʵ̫ǿǻ˱ƸͲġ
ڴϺͶϱչأ£ƾͳǵִߣݲóһ⡣
͵ְ񴦣˽֮ͱƾϵĳѡһ䣬С
֮󣬵ͽһƵĵҩȫְǰʱܹĿеľȡ
һʱ䣬ǰ顣
ͶԴȴǺ⣬ʵ֮ǰѾϣΪ˲̫ף²ų
֮ͱ뿪ǣԺ겿Ҳǵһˣܣ겿ķչҲӵ˳
ϣѾȥˡְϳ˵Ƶ
֪ˣ°ɡ˵
ְĽᵤʿְʮ֮ŵɻǵƿĳͲϲ֮ˡ
ϲʵƫƫôǿʹǵҲҽʮ꣬Ǳĳһꡣ
û뵽һ궼ûдȥˡ
һ·ٶȼ죬Ȼûöʱգǻص겿䣡
겿ʮ⣬һ˲ƵĹ⻪ͳ֣ǰ겿ҡҡĿ
겿һ˵ûⷢչȴڲϵУԲʮڣȫ겿Χ
ʮ֮ϵգŨŨĺЩʱһǴХ֮ص
겿ڣеϰʱ޿̶ڵԽ˵Խ࣡
겿ڣ˿̾󲿷֮˶Уһ˸˻ǰƮһǴڷɳյĺڣͬʱлǴڷɻأڡ
ͳֺǰһ̤˿磬ֱ겿ȥһ·֮ϣǺЦʮڣѾʮڲͬλãеĹ۲ܡ
ЩˣϤǵְ𣬱ػ
ʶһɨ֮ڣػ֮ˣӵ٣
̤䣬ûñٽ䣬ڲ⣬һ٣ͣһǰȥ
Ӽһͣ٣˿ͣһ֮£¶ϲ֮ɫ
棡һϲõľʱѺܶ˾ѣţ˲䣬еȫվӡ
˻һֱӴӲڳǰʮͣ£һ֮ɫ˵ӭ棡
ͬʱеˣ׷׵ϥأӭع飡
ͺնĻ䡣
ʱյ겿֮еĵλѾ峤͵һݾ겿֮
ǹȻǴ󷽣ͿŴ֮жѳһСɽѪ龧еϲɫôҲβס
ЩѪ龧˵Ҳ㹻ˣлмر޴Ѫ龧ƷȫƷ֮ϣʵǺ
ɽȵ֮ͱ֮Уȫ
ȴûнǵһöƴϣǽ䱣ܡ
ٶܹ裬ĻԼһöơ
Ҳû뵽˴ľٶôĿĽǵǼ֮ǵ֪ܰˡ


342 Ԩħ
ˣڵɽȣһɢһ
ǶϲĿɽȵķ
ӭ棡겿֮ȫĹɽ֮ǰ
˸ҳռĳǣ͵겿ص
иǱǿҵɫʣ겿Ѿһӵǧ˵Ͳ䡣
Ҫռһǳȴ췽ҹ̷һǳҲһᵤʿĪ˵ǳ֮ǽᵤʿ֮ǻҷ
ʿͽᵤʿ֮Ĳ޷ֲġ
ֳĲǺ¶˷ܣ겿䶼ˡ
ǧ˶˷ܵĺŽĳǵ֡
ǿܵģ
ĳǵĸһ۵ĸһӽĳˣȴŲʾͿԿˡ
ֻҪĳճǻͲǵĿǷΧ֮ڡ
ĳ֮ǰͱնɱЩĳҲǻҲΪĳǶŪ
͵Ĵϵ֮ʱ⽣ĳ֮иӦĳǾͱĻ֡
֮ԩŰĳеʿδüͱԩʳ˻֮С
⽣ĳȻһǳأʵ;Ĳȶ磬һᵤʿȻҲԽȥ֡
ͷɱ˽ĳ֮С
ĳ֮ȻȺףһ֧ѳ˺ü֣δս޷ֵˡ
꣬꣬겿⽣ĳ֮еʿǵϡ
͵ָ֮£ڻᦵĿѾӦ֣ĳīԹͬʱ֮жĳӿܵʿһһʮ˵ĻǱ
겿˿ĿƻᦶĽѣ겿֮Ҳֻһ˴Եõ͵Խ̵峤궼ûʸ
Դȴû˿ĲΪ件ϲ
Ѿˣ겿ϣԽǿ겿δҲԽ
ɱзͣתۼ˱ꡣ
ĳǵĴֵסʿ겿䣬ʧ
ؼھģĳǾʧⳡսĽҲѾԡ
ѾƲսˣɱɱ
һʼսͲǵĶԾսĽһʼѾȷˡ
²ڰɣ͵˵
һ仰겿˲ֹͣ˹һսĳǾһս겿һһǧˣνһʤ
ˮֻʮµʿãʿ˵ˮȴһС
ȴѲ겿䡣
ǵĻᦱǲٿػǵķֻЩʿԼһƵĻ֮Уܵ겿Ŀơ
չչĺ˳ڽĳ֮겿仹ҵ˲ʯЩͳͳ겿Ŀڴ֮С
Ѫ龧ȴֻкٵķֻмٿ飬⵹ʹʧ
ռĳ֮Ҳ겿ֳ֣һڽĳǣһȻ겿䡣
ĳǵĴǽĳǵԭ겿˼֮⣬ȫص겿䡣
֮ϵĳͻȻһ̹⡣
Ԩϣ
̹֮еϢͲüͷ
ԨѪ֮һӱŰˣѪʿ׿Ԩ
Ԩ֮дħ̾ᣬЩħϹʱϹʿޱȵͷʹȫؽѪ֮У󷨷ӡķӡصڵԨ
ǷϹʿоϾҲϹʿһ֮ظ룬Զĺ;ݰ롣
ӡһ˿ɶһЩʵСħӳ
ȻЩħﱻԨѪʿɱӡȴԽԽȫƣǵһ죬Ԩ֮еħһӿѪҲδܹס
ʮȻҲӲǷӡƳ׵ıʮǣһʱʮǵʿԨ
ӷӡ֮ħո¶ͷûķ֮УʹǿƬҲ޷ˡ
Щʱȫ֮УͷԸ
ԤУѪϾҪˣףܻ겿ȫ
ֻǴ䣬ٻֱ֮ӱԨ
ʱǵĴ󲿷ѾԨˣֻԨǻͱɡ
ԳԵٶȣҲǻ˰µʱ䣬ŸϵԨ
µʱ䣬񻯣ʱԨϿնħӰЩħ֮ӵͷۣħʵǿᵤʿΧ֮࣬ռϷ硣
ᦵĺûᣬЩħĻǱȻҪʿǿϣԼգ˵
ʦģԲʦʧģһԾȥ
һҡĳīΪģĻӿ˸һͷħһͷħֻ۾ǿ˺¡
ͨʿʧ֮£׾ͱЩħץסյ
־ޱȵļᶨη壬ĳīſѪھҧȥͬʱ֮ðĺɫħ֮С
𣡡ħһھȻһħͻᦵĺ࿹⡣
ʦȻû˵ħͨʿҪǿȻֵܹᦵĳ꣡а̾һ
ֻʮָ㣬ĳīһβصĺħϡ
ʹǳػħҲǺ˼ˣ
ȴץסᣬע֮УֵħﰧһһźɫĹ⻪˻֮С
ǿĻǣĳīԻҪǿ󣡡ϲ
ħĻޱȵǿΪᦵ֮һ
Ϳıĵ˵ͷϻᦣֻҪͷ۵ħԱӦû⡣
ҲĿͷ۵ħϣֲϹʿҪЩħӡЩħʵ̫ǿˡʿµ˺۲һĹ
ҪɱħϼѣҲǷӡԪľõİ취
Ϲʿ͹ЩħķӦʹԨ֮ЩħҲ˶һȺܵĸǿʢ
ЩһСְˣǿħﻹԨײûг
ǻƾЩħײӡĻôЩǿħҲԶˡ
ЩԪӤʿħ;ÿֲ
еĽ罣һֲĽâնһħֱжϡ
ħ˿壬һеĳ
һ
һȻֻһɫĽâХת˲ͷ۵ħͱһâгƬ
ħĻҲ˻֮С
ǿĽâΧʿȵĿ͡
Ƕ֪Ѫ֮кʱðǿʿ


343 ħ
͵Ŀ֮£ͨĽâֵһ޶ֻǿ
Ҳ콣롣
ϣƺ
ҲΪոյһâע⵽͵ģһѾ󣬲ʱ͵ʵԽǿ˵Խ
͵˵ͷնɱǰļͷħ֮˵Ƶǰ
˴ǵķطΧʱӡȱѾħռݡ
ЩħǺη赲ʿӡȱڣʱϵԽãӡȱҲԽħҲ̶ʱѪĩˡ
ϣĽâɷΪҵȿ·ҵȾΪܣ˵
üͷһ壺ƳϣҪ߶ǿĽâѪ˵һģҸͼֲ
΢΢̾˿ϷģҵȻΪ׼һУѪǶΪ׼á
һöƷѪ龧һǧƷʯԻָĵѪƺϵͻ˵һ㣬һóĿԴ
Ѫ龧͵ȷǼöˣƷѪ龧ǵһμֵж߼һٿƷѪ龧ͽѪᵤ۷塣
һǧƷʯ൱һǧƷʯʹҲҪݡ
ȻƳ˿ôҾͲƴˣЦŽЩȫ
ļѾ¯࣬ĵҲȫ˵ǰ޴һǧƷʯһٿƷѪ龧͵ǰġ
һնǰħ˲䱻նء
ʹˣЩħƾǿȻûȥȻܹʿ
Щ͵Χ֮ˣЩħű㱻ǵĳеķƬ
ǳصʿǹ¾룬ɵɫһ䡣
죬ǸˣҲĹȥаǵ˶ʱˡ
ǳ֮вû콣ʿҪնɱħﶼҪѼĹ򣬹¾һħΧǷǡ
ǲǵһ۳ǣǸ͵ĽᵤʿͲʮƸԳڶĩβס˴ħΧ
ƵķһֻйٱʣʷȴϬޱȣħﶼӲӡ
ʹûֲҲԶͨᵤʿˡ
һ㱻Ϳ̾ϺȻǲ򵥣ǵ͵ಫĻǲС
ڵѪҲﵽ˽ᵤڣʤδ֪֮ˣ;ԼӮҪһ㡣
ʱ;ǷӡȱҲֻа֮ңˣħȴ֮ǰİٱͷ۵ħռ˴
һ˦ʮ顣
ɫױ˲ħ֮
ԤϵǣЩԸЩħųѰЧױеħȫ۵໽УЩħԺǿָϵ˺ƺûôˡ
ϣǴӺζһ
Ѫ֮ʿħٻϵ֮
ĳһżзֵģû뵽Щħﵹͦõġͽ͵
Ƶ˵ͷǽ͵ĽͣϾѪ֮һЩϹʿҲУϵ֮Ҳʲôϡ飬ڴ֮ǰжη֡
𣡡ͻȻڴļµ
ͷһݣͷҪħȫȻɢŽɫĹâ
ãǽħƴ󾪣һֻͷܵĳ嶯
ΪϣȻ֪һЩأ˵һͷħ֮һ
ħϹʱҲǺպȻֻһͷᵤڵħȴԪӤʿͷʹѡ
ԪӤʿͨȻ״ɱһͷħħһ츳ͨһʿҪ𾪵ֻͨ
ħһֽܵ⣬飬ÿֽһξͻһħϹʿ÷ӡķЩħӡ
ڳһͷħҲζŻħѪʿ˵һ޴ѣֻҪħסڣǾ޷ʹԪӤʿҲһ
֪Ϲʿӡħķֻܸɿš
ǾϹʿӡħѾˣʱķӡ֮ʧˡ
ŭ
ħһ֣ǾͿԿӡȱڣõȻ󷨷ӡħҲͳˡ
һ˸ı䣬ǲòħС
ʹ֮еĴϺͶҲһ
֪ħҲ֪
ħȻħﲻͬʵȴͨĺܣһȥͱնΣ
ҪѷѾˡ
ֻгεĽħȻп֮գ۵ʱ䣬ħ͵ǰ
ϣҪçײǽħǲģÿһΣͻһƴе
һ㶣֮治УħȻӵͨ
ʱǲȥôܿǾͻ᲻ӿħΧʱ֮ˡ
ҾͲˣͷһɫȻ¡
һ޴Ļ˷Բɣħڵħﶼһճ˻ҽ
ȥţһ
¶һ˿ɫƺкܶܣǴʱҲ˲ôˣǲӡȱڶסҪٳһͷħԪӤڵħĻǾˡ
ϣأƹ˹֣һâֱӡȱڡ
͸ɫΪǳϿ·һ·֮ϾȻûħܹɫɵĻǽ
ἺΪˣ
Ȼôΰ󣬶˽ħ츳ͨ
ħķֻȷ죬嶼ֻܷ궼ֻܷ
ζʲôҲֻˡ
ǣ޾Ļǣ
ֻҪܽħ䲻ϵķֻô͵Ļ֮бɶĻǡ
Ҫħһѵ飬κιýħֻ
ʹɫҲ⣬һɲǵĹħͷֻ˰ٴΣٸħͷˡ
һ͵ĵ֮м漴һɫϸ˿סһͷħ
׽˿ϵ׵֮ýħѣȴûзֻ
˴ͲɵһҲֻڴģЩħϵͣͲħҲ⣬һ֮¹Ȼˡ
Ծ׻ʽΪ׽˿ͷħȫӽ֮С
ҪĳȻЩħʮ׻ʽɴ֮вһ׽˿ЩħĶã


344 ħ
ʮ׻ʽͷħУЩħ޷׽˿ʹЩħϵĵֿԽħʵҲ˲ʮϵĶá
ؼ׻ʽĲ֮ϡ
ΪֹͶʲôͷԱƵľ׻ʽҲӵĪͨ
ǻýľƵĻʹܹסЩħҲԲɡ
Ȼƾ׻ʽס˽ħΣûоʹ˽
ǵĳѾ˷ӡȱڣֻһħİΧȦ֮С
Щħ֮д඼ͷۣʵ쳣ǿһ֮˶ħԿ
ʹӵҲҺ˶ħӲӲ
һƷʯֽɫڿըѣĻк¡
ɫͼɵǿȫʩչ֮Щħﶼ˲ճɻҽ
˴ڿըȻǸǵķΧȴ㹻󣬼ʹܽЩħɱҲЩħæң˱һ˿Ļᡣ
Ļ꣬Щħ¶һ˿־ɫ
ովɫħճ˻ҽ
ħҲԼʶҲ֪־壬Щħʶĺ˼
Ҳ⼸ذΧ֮иͿٳһ·Ȼһ·̫СǶ˵ȴѾ㹻ˡ
ʳָһ㣬֮еɫ˲ڶγһǽߵħ޷Խǽ벽
͵ͺһ㣬Ϲһ˲ħİΧȦ
ŭһ
ȻѾħİΧȦôͱЩħһˡ
ǽͬһħ֮Ű֮µĻħ֮γһƬ𺣡
ħڻ֮зͼϵĻ棬ȴķ֣Щͬƹ֮һ㣬ôҲŪ
ҲֻЩͷ۵ħƾǿħɫա
ħĳѪ˾޴ѣʮǼ㳲ħƴಫսÿʱÿ̶ȥ
ȻŹ˺õĻᣬһУԨϿձһ޴ĺսһȥǵĻǱᱻǣŽ֮С
ɱʿδĳϾħˣĺ֮
ǽ˵ĻռҲܾҲǷá
ħȫ֮ˣħʿо壬˻ԼѼЩ֮ĵ
ҲУԲᷢߵϡ
˶ں֮У۲սһһʿᱻ֮еˣħ￿ĻôͻĽħ꣬Ȼ֮С
͵ĿͻȻ˵һϣǲû̾ͷӡȱڣʮػӡȱڵΧֵħķ
ϷͣħϻۣƺѰʲô
ħǾȻ˴󵨣
ӡʱĿܣǷӡ֮ǿħƷʱǶҪ֮ء
ʲôǣ
ǲϧԼգ
𣡡ӡ֮д˾춯ص
ɫһ䣬֪ӡ֮ЩǿħѾˣǻӡȱڶϣǺǲ롣
϶ңаǵİʿȻ룬һȱ֮ðħ˲䷭
ڳС벻㶼һЦһ
Ϊħ궼ǵĶ𣿽аҲҪһڳһϵħʢ
һ˿ɫȻˣҶ˲ĺһŪħ裬õپͿ˱ˣ
ãڳһ
ħ裡ʲôͲһ㶡
˵ֻһߣѪ֮еػкܶ಻˽ĵط
ħ边Ȼܹ˶ĽᵤʿܲᣬǿļӤʿ⡣
аǵڳΪȻƣҲԶѾǽᵤ۷ΪòҲҪȵܶ࣬Ҳֻٶ꣬ɴﵽΪڳҲС
䣡˵ȡħԭԽ࣬ȱ֮ðħҲԽԽƺڳɶвԼͬðɫʡ
ǵľȻóħ輴
ǣаǣʿħһ̷ӡȱڣԲǿħӳӡͬ˵
䣬һźɫҺ屻ȱڣ
ڳɺ͵ƶ¶һ˿̰֮ɫǵĳ˲ȱڷӡ
䣡ͬһʱ䣬ڳɺ͵Ƴˣ޴˲佫һźɫҺ֡
ǿ˺£ħ˲ķѣֳɢ
ڳ˸еķݽǻʧڳɵƶ˸ݡ
ڳɿ˵һۣƾ£ĪҪڣ
Цһеħһƿ֮󣬱ǵĳħ֮ɱһѪ·
ߣҲߣڳһ
ԨӡÿһѺۣѪľ޴ΣΪһӡ𣬱ħŰΪ˼䣬һһЩǿħǸǲ롣
ΣлѪͬʱҲѪĻŷӡԨ֮оۼħҲ
Ԩħԣ֮ħ
һħһᵤʿΪӤĳɹʡ
ѪеԪӤʿʮ֮߰˶ͨħܽס
Ѫ֮УһħпܳɾһԪӤʿ
ħ裡ͿĲĺɫҺ૵
ħ֮ݣʮҡ
ƺڳ׷ζҲ׷ƿػᦣͱǧΪЧͣħǡмͷС
Ͳ֪ħкôּӤʿϧԨж֮
ŷӡȱڵĶϣħûԮѪʿǳ顣
Ƴ֮ȻħΪβˣһ˿һħĳ֮˲ɢˡ
ħȻѲҲֻ൱ڽᵤڵʵˣҲ㲻ʲôħ
ЩȲԪӤҪ
Ҳ˻ᦣʱսѽʣǱ֪ȡ˵Ļǣⲻһ
䣬ˣǻȥͻȻı
ǣʦ𣡡˵ͷ
ħ֮սȻֻǳ˰£ѪһȴᵤʿҲ˲١
ܹõħҲ˰ˡ
Щ֪Լûʵħ裬ȴԸԨһԣ˭Լõһ
Ҳ˿õһħ裬Ǹȴ޾ħС
Ͳõʮħ裬ҪԨصųˡ
ʿܽ͵صڷӡħԨ֮УôʣпдĵطҲֻױ϶ˣҲ֮Σյĵط


345 ħ
ͲûȥǺ͵Ƶ˻غϣֱӷ겿䡣
һص겿䣬ͱСɽ֮У󷨲κ˽С
֮УϴħǱסǸͶá
׽˿ϵ׵֮Ҳһĥǵ͸սȣЩħѾЩήҲˡ
ȥЩħͻΪľȥҲֻܷ
Ȼ鷢ħǺͻᦵĴɽġ
һ˲䱻һ֣֮ʱʱĳһͷͷԩꡣ
Ũȣ֮˵Ҳʮԩˣ
ʮָ㣬֮ͻȻһֻɫĴûһͷħ֮С
ţͲüͷ
ħ꾹ȻܵкһԻ֮Ȼ޷䳶
ü͵꣡;ȵĿһͷħ
ħħ֮Ѳһ֣Ǻںһ𣬳ǽǵ𣬷޷
ħһܵѣҪϼѡ
ӵһ׾׻ʽҪЩħֱ췽ҹ̷
ҾͲˣһ˿ףϷ任׽˿ϵ
𣡡ħֱ̼Уϵ
֮࣬ħ֮һ˿ļ϶ʹϲ
ֻһֱ۴ֵĽɫ׵Ȼ¡
ǿ׵磬ħͺ޵ֿ֮ڣ̱˵ϣûϢ
ʹ㵵ǣħ꾹ȻҲɢˣûиͳʱ䡣
ùĽṹ;̾һ
ħټħĽṹδš
Ҫֻδ֮ʱǽħϣҪѶȺܸߡ
Ͳûд֮вϵĳԡ
£ʱһξ͹ꡣ
겿֮׳ڴﵽˣڸһ䣬ټһǳؽĳǣ겿ķһʱ޶
ʱΪҲڣΪҲͻڡ
䣡ͻĻζ겿䶼ֻ֮С
ֻ;סɽ֮Уһɴĺ䶼
֮ʱʱԩոջ˷ǻеĻǾȻǵʹں֮г׶Ͼϵ
ҲһĿеĺǻ֮еԩ꾹Ȼȫգ
峤ô£ǵĻᦶ˿տˣһʵ
겿䣬˵Ļܹϵ֮⣬ʿĻҲֻǧ꣬ᦵһҲܴﵽͬЧ
εҡҡͷͻľޱҲͷԡķԴסɽȣ겿Ӧûк
Ҳֻ˰οֵ̿ˡ
ΰ겿֮ӡ
Żǣ֮Уÿչ̶Σʹǿ͵ɽ֮촫صʮڡ
˲䣬ʮˣ׷׹ûκ⣬Щеĳ羴֮ɫΪŨķ;סɽȡ
˺֮ԲʮڣƣЩУ֮Хӿ
һ˲䣬ǺԼǵϵ»ָԵĸܵԼĻǿ˲١
ҲһݵĿڵɽȣֶҲֻܹˡ
Ļᦣʱ䣬ͲɹĽħǽ֮еٱ
Щǽħѳ꣬Ƚᵤʿ꣡
ͣʿ֮˭ܾۼ˶꣬ʹʿܹɱǧʿжٽᵤʿʲôʿܹɱǧᵤʿ
ǽħһб˿ܣ
͵ĻȻֻǧǣԱӵһڻǵĻᦻҪǿ
겿еĻᦳֵһɲȫʧȥϵֶΡ
겿ƵĻȫҪᦵĿƣֻҪԸ⣬˲ɽǵĻǾΪС
ݼʦ𣡡ڵϿͷ
ڣŬĵ˵ͷ
żģʮ겻Ĺʹﵽڣ͵ʱͻڴתء
лʦ佱һ˿ϲɫһܿͻָ
˵Ҳֻ͵ĳ޲¶Цˡ
ĳͺͣ䲻Ƕʮ꣬Ը˳ȣʵѵãһԼĵͻԼв¶һ˿
ѵõϾͽЯȡ˳һһá
¶ǣ׷֮ɫŨ͵һƬΣϵ
Ȼ֮䣬һɼΪǿҵĳ嶯Ҫ뿪Ѫ뿪ݣصݣص֮ء
ɳ嶯ԽԽŨռռеıӣžһѣƬУʱͣȴǸţ¶׷䡣
һʱʦıʵ̫ˡ
ȴֻһԿֹͣκ˿͡
ؼң΢΢̾˿
ؼҺ͵ž۵ͷһռ壬ΪĿģԷһΪ
߻ħףΪȫϣ
겿֮Ҳע⵽͵Ĳȫ˹ȴ棬ϧٻ˻ᦡ
Խһ
˵Щ˲겿²ūˣЩܹȵʦİΣ
䣡ͻȻǿƣᵤڵѹ˲겿䡣
꾪Ŀڵɽȣ淢ʲôˣѵǿУ
͵ѹ֮ͨʿܹһЩΪµʿֱӱ
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估ʱӳſٻǻΧĻ˲ܱˣ
ǼʹˣΧĻ˲仯˷ɻң֮еĻת˲ʧ˴룬ĳīԶɢ
ʦ𣡡侪һ
Ѿ߻ħˣȫͷѹĻһĹ겿ͻ͵С
ӣʱֳ峤Ӧеǡ
ָӳ󷨣һЩʵǿͷųԼĻǵ͵ѹ
ˣͼ֮ʣ֮һ֮͵ȫ
һ飬˲عִʱæԼѹȫתһħѹ
䴦飡仰ͳɽ֮Уɽ֮еҲȫת˸޷롣


346 
һͷ֮УǿѹԼеħ
߻ħ̫ͻȻ͸ͺ޷ǵ֮һ֮ѹǺǲ룡
գһԼ߻ħͲ¡
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޵ߣԼΪ;ﲻΪ֮νģ
׷͸壬ϮĻԪΪħ
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ϹʿУħ֮˵޵ع֮ͨʣ֮ʱһЩħǧޣӰ١
Ӱ٣һ˵ҲǴ޴ڣ
ħ壬ʿڵ֮ȼԪ񣬴ӶϹʿУħǼΪ֮вħ壬϶
Ҳû뵽ԼȻᱻħ壡
ڴҲǰ˼⣬Ϊļ̣ûгħҲ̫Ϣһ㡣
𣡡
𣡡
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ħΪħȻһ˿ħ
ɱ˶ĽħȻħħħ壬˲ʧء
λã֮ʱħʱҲδܹѹ
һ뵽߻ħĺ̲סΪԼһ亹
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ʹзʿ棬Ŷ᲻ϧһдۻӣҲ˾ϡٵľ档
Ҳû뵽Ѫ֮оȻӵĴڣⲻò˵һϲ
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347 Ӥ
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ӣôѹħİվ͸ˣܳϰꡣ
ҳϣںδʵ
һ˿âӱ֮У
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ᦣһ
Ѫ֮ħ٣ǺֳȡΪսͨȴǼΪʹ֮Ҳڡ
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ʢĳȻܴˡЦ
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ܹӤôױ϶ļʾͻɹ٣ػؾݵļҲӣ


348 Ĺս
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Щٱ֮ǰǰװˣٻȵཫ۵֮ʱŻ¡
ǶٴУǵͳͳٵƽǰΧһͰһ㣬ǲĽƵĻ⽫Բʮﶼյޱȡ
ԶǾͬһС͵̫һҫۡ
Ȼ⻹ķһְˣ֮УһλλᵤʿһضſȫǵĿв
ǣȻܹ˶Ľᵤʿ֮пᵤʿ̾һ
ǵĿʿŶ
һ̶˵ҪˣѪ֮еĵλ޿ɺǰˣǵλڰ֮ڲб䶯ǰ֮Ȼ½֮ϵˡһλͷ׵ĳ˵
һϢʱʱ֣·Ϣʱռһ㡣
޽һ
ͷ׵ȻѾǴ޽ҲֻܻʮˣõĻ⼸ͻݺȥ
ҲֻһλʦϼʱѾǴ޽ȫ֣ȻûôأҲԶˡ
վڵһߵȴ˵ҲİҲѹ߻˵֮ǵת۵㣬˵ת۵ȥһɲǡ
ǵʱȻԪӤڵʿôѪ֮еһ۳ǵλȻܹס
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ףһ߾ȫȹ١һ˿㡣
Ϊõɹɽ٣ǿνǲϧѪĵȫǴ󣬸ýᵤϲɽ٣νǹעһˡ
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ķܹأһ۱㿴ⷨıʡ
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Щڽ쿴ֵõġߵЦ
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Ĺս׷ȻܾˣǺͷȴе㲻䣬Ĺս׵Ļոһ׸޷Եκε˺
Ĺս׵ıһԵĽۣ
һĹսѺ۵ĽУǽǺεȵĿֲʹ⽣ĹսһƷҲ㹻ˡ
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׵ǰЩƾֽͬһ״ݿ㴳֮С
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Ǳ׻ˣʹҲҪ֮»Ϊ촷ۡ
ǵȴԥĽԼ˼㣬ϵĹսĹʢͬһһ㽫С
еĻ鱦Χһƣ˵ǰ
ʤڴһ٣
һϵл


349 Ź
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ϵ֮ǿʹԪӤʿҲֱӧ档
ûһɵĹս׵Ļһ֮ɣ
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λ߶һۣǶӶԷпһ˿
ͬһʱ䣬λߵѹֱȻҪƾԼѹõƳɢ
λԪӤϹֵʵжǿ
һ̺ε¶˳ǵѹ֮·Բ֮ڵʿѹѹţ֮еĽҲע⵽˵ơ
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ףһĪϵڸӦ׵һ˲䣬û͵ͬ£Զ
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λɻĿһۣôһ˲Ĺ׵ͱ˴롣
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׵ӵĹս׵ĵ˵첻κ˺ԪӤǰ϶顣
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䣡ͻȻһɿֲѹ
ˣҿϲҲζǴӴ˱ӵλԪӤʿʵǵ֮Ѫһ
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ˣĺȻ䣬·һƿ
һָоĿ죬ȥҲ죬˲Ϣ֮Ĺˡ
֮Ĵ̼£͵Ϊһ޽ӽڼӤڣƾ֮ԪӤڵƿڽᵤʿ˵һĻ
ʹǵļӤʿҲδܹһƿ˵һɲǵĸо˵ޱȵҪҲ⻹ܳΪͻԪӤĹؼ
ûаս֮УҲҪΪħԵʣħĿ־ҲðͳΪһԱڹؼʱħˣǶǾ޴ѣ֮鲻һһ֮еĽᵤʿһ࣬һ٣ɴͽ֮С
ü֮һɺȻûȫȥȴѾ˲٣һⲻϿǺ
öӣиһöԪӤӣѹеħǲѴ֮ЯĻֱӻ͵ħ
ɧûжκεӰ죬ȫյ֮еķ壬ϴԼħµħ
֮ЩħͲʲôӰ죬ʱ䳤ˣħ裬Ǳһ鷳ˣʱҪĻҪϰٱǧĹ͵òʧˡ
һ֮ͻȻһ⣬ϼüģ
ʹ󾪣⾹ȻһŷŹ
ɶľ
һŶɶľڷ֮вʲô˲õĹǷŹϽ⴫ɶľȻһŻȴǷŵĵ֮ں޷𷨹׵˵ʹһŵĸ߼ҲδЩеԢ⡣
Ź֮ҪӦķӳģҲ˷Ź⴫ԭ
ʹҪôҲҪ𷨣һЩʿ˵ȫһߡ
ɶľȴΪǳķţڷ𷨲ʲôرҪ󣬶˵ʲˡ
˷ܵĲһŶɶľ֮оȻܷһЩϢ
ոһ֮аϢɶľкܶʿľ
;ԼƺѾ֪ΪλӵĹˣȫһöʿһĻڵĵ伮ͻйڷ˵ǾԲ̵顣
һö֮жɶľôö֮бȻҲУöԪӤ;;ԼǱһڱҵˡ
ȴǿаסԼĵĳ嶯֮еķ֮С
̰ҲŹô׾ģɶľѾܲˣɶľȫˣڵħҲĲˡ
֮ƾӵķ⣬Ͷɶľ׽ħѹǲĻħҲӰˡ
֮߳ʱ˵ơ
һĿͣʱͺ֮ǰѾǴͬˣﻹħӣ
ü֮͸¶һ˿⣬õΪһˡ
͵ܣ㡭
͵˵ͷħѾѹˣⶼӵĹͣ
ǾͺãǾͺãƹЦ
Ȼô˵ǵƻǾ治ѣȻֹЧҲ԰ɣ¾ͽħѹˣ


350 
ʮ꣬˵һգ۵Ĺˡ
겿ҲԭһСׯչӵʮڵĲ䣬ֱƵľĲ䡣
ΪҲ۷壬ᵤҲֻһ֮ңˡ
ʮ֮УͶǱչزȫ
һֱ͵ħҲһ֮ǰ׻⣬һʱըҲ˲١
ʮ֮У겿ռ˴Ѫ龧ټǷŵٺϵѪ龧Ѿʮ
ҲΪԼ뿪Ѫ׼ѪòСʿ˫սֻռˡ
֮Ͳ뿪겿䣬˴Ŀ֮һޱѪ
ͨޱѪѪ֮Уȥ̽һѪ֮ǷϹŴ
ױ϶ѡ򲻵ѣʵǲȥױ϶
ܹƽµĺѪǲζѪ֮ûΣյģޱѪܹѪеʿΪ֮һȻ
ʹǿҿҳԪӤǿߣھסѪ֮е׷ɱ֮¶ҪǱӴܡ
ҵЩסѪ֮еƺֻѪ֮棬뿪ѪȻѪ¾Щˡ
Ѫ֮סʮ꣬ѲǵǸѪһ֪ͷˣԼܹѪȫԼãһܲôõͺ˵ˡ
Ѫ֮ǴĺɫնѪӳ֮±˺ɫѪ֮ϼžޱȣ⺣߷·Ľһ㣬ĿҶҲֻں֮ϣƺڿ־Ѫһ㡣
һжѪ֮ʱһţ
һ̤Ѫ֮ʿλɫѪ
һ˲䣬ѪͬһӿֻԼ´һԵֿϸʴڵ
ڵһٶţѪ֮еٶҪϰٱ
ȥһӵʱ䣬ڵͻᱻѪʴʱǴ׵ĸ
ͽתڵֿǿֲͬʱ˫Ʒʯָĵ
ͱķ֣βڵʼնԼٶţԽ죬ʧľԽ죬ַֹʣֻĸ죡
ƣʹһһɫ
ɫһĺˮ˲㱻͵ȴûκεĸƣ˺ûκεļ
еĻȼյĶôʢܽѪ֮еĺˮոɣһܹ֮Ѫ࿹⣡
ۣͻȻԼһᣬһɾ˵̼ʧӰ١
Ѫһ㶡
ԭھ֮䣬תڵѪѪãѪ˲䰲
ѪȻڲųѪҾȻѪЧתѪ֮ʱͲõĵˡ
ԼܹѪʵʱѪҲչֳǿĻڻûѪ£ȴ͵ľֻ·һ
Ѫ֮Ϊ֮һ䣬ﻹɷǵӣȫһħʿ
Ѫ֮ʶܵƣ͵ʶҲǧңԶͲΧ֮ˡ
ⸯʴһѪΪѪ֮һȷǲʸ񣬵Ѫ֮еʿ֪Ѫ֮ΣյĲǸʴ
Ѫ֮УҽѪıȻһЩᵤڵĸ֣ϱȻһЩѪĳ˶ܽѪᵤڣ˵ˡ
Ѫ֮ΣյǾסѪ֮е壬ûۼʶЩòֻ֪ЩһѪ֮бˣɵʿһ
żܹ֮һ˫˫ɺ۾֮⣬Ѫ֮еʿЩصһ֪
ʹԪӤʿЩҲҪŶӣסѪ֮еѾӵвٿѪԪӤʿȷǿǿԻһһڰٵˣǽľȴԽɡ
һܹ֮ѪΪУѪĿֲԽԪӤʿС
ԨȻֲѪʿ֪ԼԵĵʲôѪ֮е˵һգδֲ֪ġ
ЩҲֻã֮⣬κεֿԵޱȵ޴ԪӤʿҪֻӴ壬Ѫ֮лʲôܹЩ
Ҳһγûп߳Ĺ㿴һаɸߵĴ˺Х
ɫһ䣬Ҫ˻غ
䣡ԭƽĺ޷ˣһ˺Х
ˣ͸εѣȻ˵ļл֮С
ͽ㣬ȫΪһϹʧѪ֮У
ѡӱܣӴܣ׻ȫʩչ֮£ʹѪ֮еľҲϲٶȡ
Ѫ˹ֻһˣ
ת֮䣬ƽѪ֮һ˳𣬾Ļں֮Ϸͬһĺ
ܹ֮һ˫˫ɺ۾
ˣӴһ˲䣬ͱԼжʼٻ
۾֮оȻ̺ž񹥻
ǿͷľʹһȻ
ָһܹɢˣָܹӻһ˵ٶȰˡ
ǽһĻޱȵľȣʹɫ𱻾Ҳ˾ȣ
֮оȻɳһһĶ͵Ļɢӿ½һ̻˾֮С
ﾹȻʹһܹٿѪͬʱܹʹ壬Ѫ֮м޵еĴˡ
ЩһЩΪͼģûǻ۵ǻ˵ǶʹҲζѾ߱൱ǻۣЩ˶Χ׷½أ֮бȻҲϢĴݣ
ôͱˣҧҧ
ȻЩｫƵֵزôҲܹĺˡ
ֶͶǼΪɵǵ˷ǳʱ̣붯á
һ飬ֻһɫҺѪ֮С
ɫҺǺħĲҺ壬ʹѪħԪӤϹ֣Һĸʴ֮²ʱ估ҷˣѪħΪһ̲ˮ˸ʴֱǺţ
һɫҺ룬һ֮мһˮѪˣ
һ߾ʬ帡Ѫ֮ϣЩʬһ㣬ϳż˫ֽһڵ档
ǽɢ֣һҺƽʱҲֻܶһˣѪ֮ɢķΧͶ޷ƣʹѪϡͣҺĸʴȻˣЩ˼ûκεĵֿǵۼ׾ͱʴ¶ɭİ׹ǣЩ׹Ƕ׸ʴ


351 
ħĲҺж඾ԼЩҺԸʴԪӤʿı
˭Ҳ뵽;Ȼ˾綾֮Я֪ҺѪ֮еﾹȻǿƻ
ʱѪøʬٺʲˣ֮϶ƯЩ˵ʬ壬ޱȵĺˣ
һһҺ˽˶Ȼ֪ҺĶԣǿҺɵĺ֮ͻ̲סһ
͵ٶƺŭЩھסѪ֮еͬǵķŭѪ׷ؾ˳ӿƱҪû֮С
һһɫҺһ£Ѫɢ
ת˲䣬Щ˱ʧĸɸɾѪ֮Ϸһ˿Ĳ
ͳ̾˿
Һɱ˽ʹЩﲢ࣬ͻ̲ס̾˿
ȻѪһŭֻѪһηڣһȫѪˮɵľˣ󲽿
˵ľ޴󣬼ʹСӵıҲȲ˵һָѪΪ˵ĳֶڡ
ԪӤ񣿡ʹ󾪣Ȼ޷൱ʲôġ
صһϮ
ΪԼʵѾǿˣƾֶμʹԪӤʿҲһս֮һѪɫǰͷԼȻֿûС
ˣֻ˽ӳһȭѪ֮Ͼͷˣǧ಻ĳӿ
ɫ࣬Ҳ벻Ѫ֮оȻ˿ֲĴڡ
Щ˿Ƶĺ˾ԽԪӤʿֲľ˿һȭܽԪӤʿҳˡ
Ѫ֮УҲֻͼʶѪɫˣ֮˭˼򵥵ľɱ˰ϵˣǵ˵ڳˡ
Я߻֮ƱϮξ֮ûκεˣȫѪɫ¡
ѾֿܹķΧ͵һӦܣ˵ٶȿ磬׻Ҳضˣ˲Ϣ֮Ѿ嵽͵ǰ
ŭһһɫĽâȻն£Ȼһп
˷ֳ룬ӿ
ǻûеһڶ
󣡡ʮ׻ʽӦΧֵѪˡ
תѾƴˣ
תת͵ԭȵʮ
ʹҲֻǿֵסǰʮǰˣ滹ٵǧˣ
һѪɫûнͷϣᵤʿˣһָͷһѣ͵ıֳԤϡ
ж١ϡȻһһεֵסѪˡ
Ѫÿһ˶ӵشԪӤʿһʮȥԪӤʿҲĲˣȥȻڼš
ףһɫĻ潫ڶֻһɱɫĻ滯Ϊһֻ֣赲ž˵ǰС
ߣ֪Ѫɫһ
Խᵤ֮ȻͼֿѪ֮ȫΪ
ʹԪӤʿҲֻֻܲӴܣ
ͣһֻɫͻȻһֻ̣ɫ֮һɫҺɳĿѪɫˡ
һҺħĲҺ壬Һ嶼޷˺Ѫɫ˵Ļô;Ǳˣ
ʱѾҺ帯ʴ˴룬Ϣʱ֮оͽϹս׸ʴֵز
Ѫɫ˸ûע⵽һɫҺ壬ʱѪ˷ɣһɫҺʵ̫Сˣ޷Ѫɫ˵ע⡣
ѪɫעҪΪĴۣһɫҺѪɫ˵ϣ
ʲôѪɫͻȻ˾춯صĲҽ
Ѫɫ˿ܹô￿ľһּĶҩǶ˵κζҩЧģŻ޼ɵĹ͡
ǵӴһҺ֮ʱ֪ԼǴش
Һ徭Ѫϡ֮Ҳκε˺һҺֱϡ
Ѫɫ˷綾Ȼ궼Ź綾ʴ֮£ͬǧֻ˺ҧһ㣬ʹͲǳܵġ
ͿѪɫʹӲһϲ֤ҺЧֻҪʱѹסˣ뿪Ѫһ뿪ѪͲѪɫƿصķΧˡ
Ͼû˵Ѫ֮еĺ˻½ȥġ
ǧѷĻᣬͽ㣬ΪһϹ⳯źȥ
һҺҲܹشѪɫˣȴܽɱǵѪɫ˻ͽᡣ
ʹͻСѪɫ˵СѪɫ˵ɱġ
Ѫɫ˾Ȼǿ˺ѵʹ࣬һеıͣһǧɵľ룬ٶȱʩչ׻ݵͻҪϼ֡
ʹһֻʮ׻ʽɫ׵磬Щ׵һȫѪɫϡ
ɱκνᵤʿ׵磬Ѫɫ˵ϼûκεô
ѪɫϽǳһ˿ͽ׵ɡ
ʮ׻ʽѪɫ˽ȥ
ۣһѪ˳
ʮ׻ʽ֮УȻӡǱֱĨˣ
ϵӡǼĨȥԸķѰʱ⣬Ѫɫ˲ͽͺ;׻ʽӡĨȥͰĿ๦Ϊһ
Ǵʱȴܲôˣûƣȱֻһû˾ʲôˣ
ˣѪɫ˴һţһıɳֱ͵ҪⲻǾ׻ʽʲô
ѪɫҲǴΪȣܹʴһзȻʮȴ޷ʴǽӡĨˡ
ɫ⡱һˢɫ⣬ֱӽһ׻ʽ˵֮У
Ѫɫһ⽣ϵֹնɱˣǴȴɽ¡
Ѫɫ˲аһ㣬һ³ʮھ׻ʽɲǼ콣Ӱ
Щ׻ʽһɫ⣬ͳͳʧȥϵ˵֮У
׳գͰһѪɫʵǿǿȴôʹȻʮھ׻ʽȫ˻
ۿҪѪɫ׷ˣԲˣһͣһƿУͣ£ȻҾͽⶾҩȫѪ֮У㶼Ҫ꣡
ִ򲻹ܲô͸ɴһв
һйȻãѪɫ˵Ķͣ첻ĿеСƿ
ⶾҩһξʹȥģһƿȥѪ֮п¾ûһˡ


352 Ѫ
Ѫɫ˾ɵĿеСƿȻԴ൱ļɵ
ѪɫֹͣжͲɵһ֪ԼһǶĶˡ
ѪɫȻޱѪƿߣʵﵽ˺ŵĵزʹԪӤʿǰҲһӤˡ
ɵ࣬㵽ôѪɫŭ
ֻһ𣬶߷·ըһ㣬䱻졣
ǧƽ٣ϷλԪӤʿһĿѪķ
ʱѪϿѾȾ˺ɫԵøҫۡ
𾪵ɫ֪˶νġǧƽ١ɵѡ
ѾԪӤʿѪܹ֮˺ǵѾָֻҪǲûȥأһǧǺɵ顣
ⲢųһѪ֮еǧƽ١
ǧƽٲÿǧһΣÿһʱһΣʱĿԼһǧꡣ
ǧƽ֮Σճ̶˿ԨķӡǻҪֲ
ǧƽ֮УԪӤʿӣѪ֮еʿ˿ֻ֮С
ǿаסĵĿ־壬ڴ˿¶κεĵӡ
Ϊ֪Ѫɫ˾нնɱʵһ㼴ʹܵ½Ҳ޷⡣
Ѫɫ˻ӻֱܼɸߵľˣԸĻ߶ѪûѪڻ¡
ǰ޶⣬ֻ̫ѲŻ˵
Ȼڵѱ棬Ƕǿͻеġ
ѣһȥͽҰɱʬǶû£˺
ҡҡͷ˵ǲѶΪ֮ҲôĻôľԼˡ
˵գͻ˻еСƿһѪɫüͷһ¶ļɵ
ǽͱȵĽˣ߶ʮһͽƿ飬˶ҺѪ֮УʹҲû㹻ֵܹ
ǰҴв޶⣬ֻѪ֮Ѱ뿪Ѫĳ·ѡ˵
뿪ѪѪɫһ㶣ƺǱ͵Ļĳһ񾭣˲˲٣ϵĺˮȥ
ԭ㣡Ѫɫ˿һۡ
Ͳ֪Ѫɫ仰ʲô˼ɻĿ
ʮǰҸоѪ֮һϹʿͻȻˣʧǱ˰ɡѪɫʵ
ʮǰ񲻾ͨºѪʱ
Ϲʿõ󷨣̺ȻҲϹʿģѪɫô˵Ҳ˵ùȥ
ôһƬѪܸо󷨿ʵ;壡
ѪɫϵĺˮȥˮĻ֮һֳֹȵ˳
ʵޱȿֲѪɫ˵Ȼһˣ
ǰ㡭;ɵĿǰһλߣȫʲô˼
ˣұѪ֮ѾˣҵﶼѾѪ֮˸ˡ߸̾һ
Ͷʱͷ綷֪ڷʲô裬Ȼǰ̾
ǰǱϹʿؽģʵ
ߣһȺɵϹʿ֪򲻹ңȻһռ佫һᵽϹʿ߾һӵĻ
ڨڨЦЦҶ˵һ仰ߵ񾭣ԼΪйĶ
Ӹոյһ仰֮У˽⵽ѪһʼȻߵĿռ䣬Ϲʿ޷ţ˰ַֻ
˵ɣΪʲô飬Ϲʿġ߿һۡ
ͿЦҡҡͷֲͻȻô˵ˣΪǺһϹʿģһͬĸо
һ뵽ԼνѪģоһ࣬Ǳ˶ģԼģӡ֤һŻ·㲻ߣ㴳
ʱҲܹͣ˭һʿַĶģֻ͵ʵǲһ㣬ֱӱؽϹʱڵļѪ
;ȻԼѪʱһŹֵĿͣϵıҪ໬ж໬
֮ʵ̲סˣȻЦ
ЦˣЦˣȻԼѪģЦˣ
Цǰ󷭵ֻεЦЦ
ҲǾЦˣ߿ͣѪֻ֮ûгڣѪ֮ͨΨһͨױ϶֮С
ʱﻹиɱڵӣֵͬڹذԼһ㣬˾޴ת伴ʹǼʿҲǴ㵲ѡ
ЩϹʿˣûУͻȻʵ
ҡҡͷϹʿ˽Ĳ̫ࡣ
Դϧ̾һҲ֪Ϊʲô̾Ϣ
СӣϵĶɣ֮ϷͲ׷ˡ˵
;˿һۣҧҧƿƿŻõģղν
ħĲİҺһССƿܹװµĻʵһЦˡ
ֻҪ߸ҲҪ˵汳
ûɣһнħĲİҺĻѪѪҪꡣ
ĵ˵ͷһӣټѪ֮оȻһͨߵĺˮһͨľͷһûʵĹ͵ǰ
ĻҸϺһɡЦ
һ֮ͨϣʱҪ⺣ˮ᲻к£˶ĺˮΧţ˭ĵģЩˮŸʴĹܡ
ϷѪԽѪϣҲԽǰѪǺЦ
˺ͰѪһʱ䶼òӦߵĺˮ֮УһȺѲ֮ʱ͵ĺë͸֮࣬ѹЩܹѪ֮˷ˡ
棡ڹſͯһ˹˵
ҵĿͯӣ磬¡Ѫ˵
ԪӤڣ۾һͻ⿴ŵͯӾȻԪӤʿ
ԣ޻ζļޣ̲ס˳
ԪӤʿţʲôֱʣ
ѵ˲֪棬ԪӤʿ۾һĴ
ʹ֮УҲûɻԪӤʿŵİɣ
¶˿һۣ漴ûȤУһССĽᵤʿûʸۿ
ԼƵѪ裬Ѫ֮гУڱĵطȶȲѪЦ
εЦЦͲʲô裬һѪʺŨҺ壬һⱭһҪŻµĸо
ֵǣӦȳޱȵĶȴɢһķ㣬һڣͱоԼë׶ſˡ
͵ļʶѪ̺֮Ѿﵽһ˵ĵز˵Ǵ洦


353 һҹĲ
Ѫʱʱ̶̿žĵģֲ֪˶ϹҪŪ²һֻ϶١
ҵͶΪѪ˶̵ʱչֳȻͬ档
Ҫ֪ǸոռʱѪǱűɱ֮ԸģֶξʬѪˣ
ǴʱѪ·ڶԴһδĺһ㣬ƺȴ͵ϡ
ҲѪѪнһƷǶʿ˵ȴ鵤ҩаȉԪҪǿϰٱ
һԵֵµĿޣԪӤʿҲмջ
Ҳұ֤Ѫ֮ûʲôֶ
֮湦취ټѪɲ⣬ֶαȻʿܹ¶ȵġ
Ѫʵ֮ǿʿ֮оԿŽǰʹǽͱƵͬɥ֮ȮһĺʬҲԲѪĶ֡
֪ʿ֮пҲֻħܺһϸ°ɣ
ôжѪͳٳٲüͷһ塣
εЦЦֻǵһμصĲ裬̲סоһ°ˡ
ѪϷѪ֮еѪ֮ټѪ֮еĹƶɣЩҲֻѪУһұ޷ֺšѪЦ
͵˵ͷеѪһ
ɺҺڷǵûκεζһƢķ㣬ڼܣƻ;ԼڵѪĴ߻֮£ʼڣʼȼա
Լȵǲǲ裬ȵĸоֱǺһŨȵľƾһ㡣
ѪƺϵͻַӦһһԼеѪ裬ȫûȵӡ
ȫƤʺ죬ƤðһεѪ飡
ûϢĹ;ͱһѪˣ͵ҲŤޱȣȻżʹࡣ
ȴҧⲢѪˣʲôֶΣѪ豾ҩЧ
ѪҲǻڵΪҩЧޱȰԵѪȻûʲôס
ֻһССĽᵤʿѪҩЧ˵̫ǿңҪһʱܽ
ȻǼʹ࣬ͦˣջȻҲǼ
ֻڵһηõʱŻõЧԺٷõĻʹʹ洦еĺôҲԲᳬһΡ
ͷתڵѪҩЧֻգ뵤֮С
ڵĵŹޱȵľʵڴһ˿֮Ȼ΢ȷʵǴڡѪ૵
ʱ֮ϵĳ콥ȥ
ͳһлǰȫ
̶̰ʱ֮УڵһαǣһٽƵ˼Ӥ۷壬ǽӤҲһ֮ңˣ
ܺãܺãȻûʧҲлңѪãҲҪòǡѪЦ
һ뵽ոھٵĸоһ£ոճŲסĻпܱԵҩ
Ǽ˼赭д˵
һ仰ȴˣ
ˣ׻ʽˣ˲ͷ
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𣿡ѪԴһ˿˸С
ĸëȸһʡ
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ϲǵëȸһϵʹûʲôϵǵëȸ汲Ҳһ˿ϵ֪Լǵëȸβë֪ϲʲô¶
һϲ;ÿֲʹǻʿҲǧԪϲȴ꣬Բࡣ
ѵǵëȸݣ뵽
ǰָǿ棿̽Եʵ
ţ˰ϲȻɫһԨԴǽػԵ;Ͳö֪ˣµҲѡҲֻĴһԼĴ϶Ҫ˵ëȸҪá
ȻѪ̾һ
ͲɵһһĶˡ
ʱҾ;ɫޱȵϤһʣʮȫ˳ȥѪ̾һ
ǰʶѾ֪ܵĽԼ˿ĺˡ
ʶֹʶˣ²ҲաȻҲкˣϵɫһϲѪЦ
ǰҲǶӶﰡѪ֮ȫЦ
ЩҲգʱŪĶ֪ѾôˡѪ˻֣·˵ʲôֵһһ㡣
ƤֱϲŪ¾ͽѪĵ̣ŪѪ֮еʿޱȵ塣
ѪʵôǿΪѪЩʿĵ̣ʵ
ʵҪˣѪʵѪʮǼǷ֮ˣΪλѪ֮У
˺Сߵ𣿡ѪЦ
ȻԭϲϲǸͿѪ֮ء
ȷУѪ֮ΪҲԪӤڣΪѪھݶǸ֣˼ȴһȺڹҼҰˡ
Ȼ̳ɫ⣬ȴ̫Ҳһҹ֮ĽѪһ
һҹ͵ɫޱȵĹŹ֣ڿϹʥһӣ
ҲõģȻ飬ܹ̳ɫȴָͲǷˣѪ˵
ԪȷҪ೤ܶ࣬ٳҲоͷǲٽһĻѪĴҲҪ鳾ͼ
ͿЦһܼ̳ɫѾǴˣʲôˡ
㵹ǺԣȻǹ֮Ҳ̫ˣҺ汲Ҳһ㽻飬ɫҲһ˿˽⣬ĵ֮ʱᵽɫ⡣ñˡѪһţһƬ˵ϡ
ĵãú򣡡
лǰͰл
֮Ȼʺ壬֮Ҳл֮ͨɫ⣬һֱĶĸëܹԼҲһ¡
Ѫͼͻ׽͸ѪôòΪǿĺˣƺʲôҪһ㡣
ȥ벻ͨ͸ɴͲˣȫĵͶ뵽֮УϵĴˣռײռԼʵǿһ֣ԼҲͰȫһ֡


354 Ƭ
һƬһµݺύͽʶУƬȻһһĶ
̺Ϣʵ̫ӴڵΪеİٷ֮һѾǺ˲ˡ
Ƭ֮еϢҲǰ󣬲ֹĵãһЩϹء
Ϲﵽ׻˶ð͸̾
ʹ֮УܹҲָϹܹ˳٣֮ҲضĴڡ
Ƭ֮ûκᵽѪϢǿҲἰ
ܿ;Щʣǰһסˡ
ʥ츳ɫųﲻˢ
¶һ˿ȣ澹Ȼɫ֮
ɫȻ츳ĽǺҲǴйϵ
츳ˣȻ˵ҲûС
츳ŬĴԲŻΪϹʱںպʥ
ɫԴββëɫĸԴ
֮ûκζܹУǹԪأܽɫֵزǾﲻˢˣ
ɫʽ˵Ҳף˵Ҳѣ취ֻһǲ֮עβë֮УյԽ࣬ҲԽǿ
ҵг֮أҲ°빦ҲǾһŽԼɫɣϹʱºպ
ڹȵ״ӵëȸβϰµĸβëƷϱȻǲҽֻĸҪɫϹʱڵѶȣǰҲܽɫܰθ߼Ρ
ͿһԼеĸβëµʱ͵ʱҲ֪СְβëȻ˴ͷɣ
ëȸȻϹʥǧ˿ƵĹϵпǿĺ֮Ҳﵽ൱ŨĵزʹھҲ൱ĺڻûзһطܹ֮Խɽȡ
ɫ֮أ
ݱϹʿ󷨸ҪǧѣҲԪӤƿϹʿ󷨣Ҳֻܰˡ
ĸβëͰ̾һǽĸβëʵ̫ϧˡ
һβëת˲佫βë֮ǣ
ȣͱһֻһβë͵Ͻڻһһ͵֮У͵ʳָںһ
;ȻɫıԴβëԼֵʳָںһ𣬴ӴҲֱ˴ˣ
ںһ֮ͳȴʣҲںϵԼ֮С
ЩβëǿģôҲδܹ˵ںˡ
βë˵ëȸǶްˣͼӤڵΪҪȻǲѴ֮
֣ȷ˴ںûʲô֮󣬲ŰƬϵĹתڵ
һ˲䣬Ѫ֮е֮ͬһ㣬ӿڵǸ֮С
ͻı仯͸һ˶֮һӽ֮Упܻű
͵ȻǶģЩһ뷿ͳͳ͵գĸָ·һ޵׶һ㣬ļȡһܹյ
ͬʱ͵ĸָĹҲڷž˵ı仯ĸָڴĹע֮±ͬһϾ
˰Ӳͣʱһգʱ֮ǲˣԸ⻻һط
Ѫ֮УͲ࣬Ѫ֮нɫɣ췽ҹ̷
ѪЦеĿڵķ򣬸ո˴ҲƲĹ棬ȻһӤʿܹѪ֮оۼ˶
ɫȻǰԵѪ˼Ŀڵķ
֮УϸоƬһƾʾͬһ㡣
ԹƬƬȴûκεıΣͱɫա
ƬȻɫûƬһ˺ۣȻǱġ
ֲʼֱǺţ
ͽƬ֮еϢȫֲ֮УһССƬ̺֮Ϣ㿽ʮǿ临ꡣ
һƬƺһ׽һ׹ն
ϣ׻ʽȻ˳
˻̲סһ
׻ʽȻκβһССƬ
СӣңֱӽƬӵ֮С
Сŭһμͣ㵽˰ɲֹͣһȭ鶼ڲ϶ҳһĿӣ
ӵײƬǺúõأһûС
ҲûԵˣƬȻǷڵֶξκβƬֺ
Ϲʿ¼ϢĶôаţ̲ס뵽
ƬȻһ壬ԵвĶѣƶǲģȻǱĪͨǿзָġ
һ뵽ܹƻһƬ;̲סһ⵽ҪΪܰ쵽
һƬСռ֮ͱóһԪȥʼԼ
ѪƺҲûд͵˼ƺ۵Ĵһ㡣
Ѫ֮һαʮ꣬ʮ֮вϳԳһƿÿһζ޹
Ȼڵͻ֮ʱһƿȴʼ޷ơ
ԪӤƿƺôβƣʹʮڵҲ޷ͻơ
ʮѪҲ£ʱ̹ע͵ĶÿԪӤ֮۵һɢȥʮ״ʮΡ
ԪӤᣬûʮİգѪ΢΢̾˿
ˣϷͰ㣡Ѫһ˿ʹϧ֮ɫȻ׼ҪͣеĴȴּʹѡ
㶼ͻƵĻҾ㣡֮ͻȻѪ
һ֪ѪΪͻȻˣǻûеӦһСѪҺ˾֮С
ҵıѪͻƿѪһ
ʹ󾪣ѪԴҩˣͻȻѪ˳
ôã̲ס˿ڿˮ
֮Ѫûˡ
һѪҺҲʲô飬ѪҺ̺֮ľ޴ħ֮£Ǵпܰͻһƿ
ѾһžѪ̽˺ü飬ȷвûʲôֶ
˴һžѪҲûа취һգֻʶֳһΣ
䣡
໣
ͻȻһ


355 
ͻһ
ȻûҲһЩĺȴһָо
ڴ
Ǵڴ˵֮е޾ȻĴڡ
ʹΪʢݣǧûд֣ҲһЩѪޣҪʶѪҲֻ׷ݵϹʱˡ
͵ھȻ˴β;ȡ
ѪϹľѪ˲ҵԴͷ
ȻѪľѪһξѪ֮оȻɢž˵ҪǣһѪҺ֮оȻһ
ϹﵽʲôͷһξѪӵ˿ֲ;ĿŸڿеһžѪ
ܹһžѪĻҲͻһֱһƿ
ԪӤڰڴ֮ǰ붼ľ簡
ܹͻƵᵤڣѾζЦˣھȻԭңɼԪӤܹѣĸо
һξѪ͵һһĻ͵Ѫ⣬Ƥ֮С
һξѪ̥ǣ
ڵľؿ
Ҳζ͵ԳظӳҲ͸ǿ
𾪵ǣʮָȻޱȵķʮָͬ޵צһ㡣
ţֻҪԼԸ⣬׵һͨķ
Щ仯ǲģ͵Ŀ£仯ʮָָԭӡ
ſһžѪһ˿֮ɫȻ⾫ѪʲôͷһǺʵģ˵Ǵ洦ܹͻơ
Ȼˣ;ûоܾɣҧҧֳһξѪʼ
һžѪʲô򵥵飬ÿҲΰˡ
ʹͼӤڵΪҲ޷⾫Ѫ̺֮Ŀֲһ̫࣬͵³ޱȵҡ
ʮ꣬һžѪʮʱ䣡
أڵľ֮УһѪ֮лص
Ѫ˲ˣѪ֮ȫһ羴ĿڵķҲǷĵط
ʹԪӤڵͯӶĿڵķһģˤڵϡ
ԪӤڵʿǱſˣǴȥĻǾЦˡ
СӣûʧѪЦ
Ѫ֮У˵˭һ޶ԵĻôѪ֮һˡ
ڵķ֮Уﻹ͵Ӱȡ֮һʮɳѪɫС
СǵѪɫƬ֮仹һ˿ϽɫСĶͷСǲϸ۲ĻͲ֣ᷢСʽɫǡ

͵ķ֮оȻһһһС
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¡ûеСӦѪϿһ޴ĽƮȻһ˵Ĵǵɽʱʮ
֮мһʶԽ󣬽µ׵ҲԽǿ
ĽѾˣͨԪӤʿı͵ĸףǵʮ֮£³ֻһ
ˣֻԼΧĿռ俪ʼζǰľһ䣬ת˲뿪ѪµĹѪϿա
СӣúһѪɣѪ˳
ûһѪɫСͣʮʱʹ˱
Ѫ૵
ƺ￴ȴһʱ벻
Ȼ벻ԾͲȥ룬ԼûʲôӡĶҲʲôҪ飬ڵĹؼҪζȹֲ١
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һʼѾǵɫף̺Խᵤڵʿʣ
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ǳϵǣһֲϵʱȻоκεʹ
⡭;ĿԼʱȻ׹֮УΧ׵ȴûжκεӰ죬ԼڲϵЩ׵硣
ѪɫƬϣɫĵ绡˲㱻һϽɫϸյһɶ
׵츳֮ҲǲˡѪĵ˵ͷ
ηޱȵ׾Ȼֻһֻֽϻ
ܽƷŭЩ׵ȴ޷һ˺
һ״ϵʱҲը˼Ƭˣû˵͵ĸ
Ǵ˵е͸̾һ
ʿΪҲûеǿķʿĽһͿˣʹ˱ףҲΪԼķܹǿڡ
ȵȣѪԺ֮ͻȻһϢ
Ϲʱڣټ߹ϵΪʢʱڡ
޼壡͵ĺͻȻޱȵĳء
Ϲʱڿû˻᲻֪ЩӵѪߣӵѪʿ޵еĴʣͳһʱǸʱҲֻЩֲϹŽܹЩ޼ʿһϸˡ
Щ޼ϹŽһûʷĳ֮С
ϹŽд£ֱڶһЩҴϹŽھߣʹϹŽٹⲻڣȴû˸СЩԽΪʿ
ͬϹŽޣЩ޼ǳ׵׵ˣͬôͻȻһʧҲ˵ͻȻ
ûЩ޼ʧģǿʹϹŽҲҪɵ֡
޼úֻһЩ伮֮в˽⵽Ϲʱڹǿ
޽һͳƣǶһǿ
Щ˺ڵһ֮תɱκͬʿ
Ҳû뵽ԼȻ˴˵е޼壡
ЩһžѪˣ
ܺãȻֻһͷڵҲ㹻ǿǵɳǰ;Ѫ˵
һѪܵǿޱȵ
Ҳһ˵ʱ򲢲ԣǵΪʱܹȷĸܵѪǿֲѹ
;ɲĿѪ
Ѫ˵ͷܾվǰľȻһͷ
ͿЦһȷǺܾȡ
ѪһۣڵӦˣú׼ɣҲһǿԴױ϶ҵ뿪Ѫĳ·
һױ϶ױ϶
뿪Ѫĳ·Ȼױ϶֮У
֪Ϣ־ϲױ϶գǸطԪӤʿ̤ĵطϲǣԼڿ˻صݵϣ


356 ʵ
ɽ֮㻨µʱ֮л
ѪĽ֮Ͳ֪һȷռıˡ
Ѫ󷽵ĽԼ֮Ѫͣ͹ȻܹƾһžѪԪӤʵԲôǿ
Լ֮еСˣϲ¶һ˿ЦݣȫС˵
ԪӤĶ
ʹڣͶһƻõĸоԪӤ˴˵е֮Ѫ
֮Ѫϧ̶ȼֱ޷һ֮Ѫ޼ǿܡ
е޶֮ܲѪģ츳֮⣬޸ɴ붼Ҫ롣
Ҳ֮ѪĴڣЩޱʿ׷磬Ϊǹ޵ĳƺţ
дԵıǣ׻ȸʥˣ֮⣬룬֮Ҳ֮ܲѪ
㣬ܹ֮ѪҲʮ֮Ϊǿһޡ
ܹõ֮Ѫֻ˵ʵ̫ˡ
֮ѪĿɴԣӵкĻôĺоųɵļҲӵ֮Ѫ
һֽǶ˵ֻҪԸ⣬Կٳһµ޼塣
֮Ѫӵ֮Ҳζ͵ԪӳȻͬǰ㶯ͻ꣬Ƕͨʿ˵ȴ㹻ˡ
ԪӤʿԪһǧ˰ٵǧ֮䣬ĹɫһĻԪӳʮҲ⡣
ڵԪҲǧң൱ڻʿˣһʿۺ켵ˡ
߾ǶһԪ˵ż壬Ҳһʱ䣬Ǳͻơ
ǶǧԪ
΢΢̾˿Ҫױ϶ȵױ΢һЩȻʹѪϹҲ̤ױ϶
Ѫױ϶˽̶ȣȻѾױ϶ΣѪĴ죬ױ϶ļҲࡣ
һʱڵ˵Ĳʲô
Ψһ͵ǵıھݵԵˮˣǻδᵤĻȵͳȥʱ򣬿Ѿǰ׹һˡ
Ӧû⣬µĶᵤˡοԼ
ħ赹ǿϧˣͿƿ֮вϻζħЦһ
ԭΪħͻƵĹؼ˭֪ѪĹһžѪֱӰԪӤڵıϣʹһƿħû֮ء
ˣԵˮҲ뵽
ڴ֮ǰ뽫ħʹ÷Ū֣Ȼħһѷ
ԪӤʿݣҪŪħʹ÷ѣҲΪСºԪӤʿԹ
ȻԪӤڣƾԸԪӤڵʿҲǴ´࣬ʹǶԪӤҲδػ䡣
ϾķʹԪӤʿҪƿҲҪķ൱Ĺ
޾ޣʹһͷδҲӵ൱ս
һ˵޵ȷĳ
һͷʵǵ䳤ĻǻˣҲǻڵʵ˰ɡ
ӵоʵ֮ǰͻ뱩¶Լӵ֮Ѫ顣
Ͼǣ̫ѱʲô˰֣һ֮ѪԴһǿʢļ壬˭޷˵ջ
ο֮еٮٮ֮ѪڵϹִס˰ɡ
ھȻûʲôϹֵϢûϢʹŲڣټľݣϼʿء
Ȼױ϶һ֮ҲûбҪʱʱ̶̿Ѫ֮УѪ֮ŨѪ;úܹܲ뿪Ǿ뿪ȽϺá
뿪ʱ֮ǰͱƵ·µŵˣȫηĿ͡
Ǵĵη壬ǳڶʵη壬Ѫ
ûѪ
Щ˲Ѫ֮ʱŪƷȻһ˿Ѫȴϡޱȡ
һȼʮǿҵ壬ѪԽǾλԽߡ
Щ˲һЩְˣαȵù̳Ѫ֮ѪʿȻҪη岻ѡ
ʱĶǣȥʱȴǷƽ˾
֪֮еޱѪһвûˡ
겿䣡
ʮʱ䣬겿һţ겿ǽȣʹյľĲڴʱ겿ǰҲ΢һˡ
겿֮Ȼֻһᵤʿ򣬵ȴǿ쳣һ֮ᵤʿ󻹴ȫʤ
ƾһ˻ᦣĲȫ겿İͼѪʮ۳֮һѪǶ겿³һСĿ
ѪܹΪѪʮ֮һȻ֮ҲһλԪӤʿ
ԪӤʿ򲢲ԪӤʿ֣ΣѪǸ飬ԪӤʿ϶֡
ǽᵤʿ֮Ķ겿ˣƾеĻǽѪµĽᵤʿһ飬¡
һʱ֮䣬ѪǶѪ֮еЦ
һǣȻһſˣѪʷ϶Ǿ޽е顣
Ȼ겿һţҲֳ˺ü֣겿ľۼȴȻ겿ʥء
ʹǹռļ겿Ҳɳʿȴذˣ
겿˵ǵĸǸصСɽ겿оʥأ
ȫں֮е꿴ɽһۣʮˣʮˣʦΪλûл
˾Ȼ䣬ʮʱ侹Ȼᵤɹ
ʱҲʮˣ
Ȼᣬȴ쳣أƾһ˻ѪиҲǳ֮֡
Ϊ䶨ƵĻǧǣƾͻᦣ֮б̬֮ͬӦ޵ˡ
ʮ겻ǳ˲٣͵˵
һʵ̫ϤˣǴڱܣ˲͵ǰ䣬ݼʦ𣡡
ʮ꣬ᵤڣ˽ȣʵΪʦˣʹһ˦һ͵
ʦĽ̵ûн죡һ˿ϲɫҲֻ͵Ŀ佱ˡ
㿴ţ겿Ҳͷˡ͵˵ͷ
ʦҪߣŵĿ͡
͵˵ͷһ֮ұ뿪Ѫ
뿪Ѫסˡ
ǧ츳ʿ뿪ѪʧܸգεʧܣѾѪ֮ʿĥˣѾ֪жû˳뿪Ѫˡ
ʦ𡭡
ΪʦѾ겿Ҳǿʢ꣬ԺξͿǵ컯ˣ˵
ָһ㣬һֱӴԺ֮С
һ׶εĹھĻ֮ڶ㣡
˵ͷĿ˼ͷ֮󣬵̧ͷʱȴʧˡ
ֽ׶εΪҪס뿪ʵټ򵥲ˡ


357 һ
һʱܶ࣬Ƿ̯һЩϵĻǾԵòˡ
Ѫ֮У׾ȻħĲİҺ帯ʴ룬ЩǽӴһɲǰˣʮ֮һϢʱ䶼һϹս׾Ȼʴӡ
ҺĶԣһ˽⡣
иǰѪ̬Һմ˹ֽȻһ鶼ûС
ǽ޲Ͳһ򵥵飬ʴӣ޲ѶȲ¶һףѹ˴ĲϣʱҪҲѰ
ɸΪ֮
ҪܽǼĹսͺˡڱ֮ϡһɽ֮УͿֻʣһı̾Ϣ
Ȼ۲ȴûçײȥǼɵĹսס
ڵķȻȲĹսףڶϹս֮ҲŽǰʮǿսףҪǱ׵ҪĹս׼ࡣ
Ĺս׽һƷȻˣҪеѶȲڸһʿ
Ĺս׵ĲϴѾ̸ˣҪһǿȴսףúýһ¡
֮⣬ͻҪڵɻúһ£Щ֮䣬Щɻ深ֳ˲٣ÿ궼Լٶ
֮˵Ҳǧֻɻ棬Щɻ治ɻ棬ֲҩŹͬȳһ㡣
ҩ£Щɻ泤ҲǲһʼֻɻɴǳһȺɻɻ澹ȻҲ̤֮С
Ҳսɻ治СӺͳԣ츳ϼʹСҲС
ǧֻɻɵҽˣԺСӴƽ֡
ʮ׻ʽѪĨȥӡ֮Ҫ
ôһ㣬Ӱ˵ܹһ֮ѾǺ˲ˡ
ΪԪӤڣҲζšתϼصǿطҲˡ
תΪϵص䣬д󲿷ҪԪӤڲʩչ˵ڵ֮ټһ壡
ǵ֮⻯ϵĹΪŵһͨ
ħ֮ȻҲƵĹ˵⻯ʿǵһ뵽ıһʲôĹ
һ˵һʿ۳⻯
һɲͬڡϵеҲǷˣܵԶɢҪ۱뻨µĹ
һĽԼֳݣ壬ԪӤԷֳݣÿһԪӤӵʶǶĸ塣
һɣͿӵȫԪӤȻ֣֮ĸԪӤԼȻĴڡ
ֻµӤڶԪӤҪԪתΪӤĴڡڶԪӤӤӰ켸Ժӡ
һͨ⻯޷쵽ˣҲһΪĵطȻᱻΪŵһͨ
⻯ĲҲˣñԱĵһ⻯ֻҪ⻯һɣôܹͶ˺ܶࡣ
һ֮Ȼ棬ҲʲôնûУһҪԪӤһΪ۳ԪӤ
һһЩ֪ߵغʿڷ
ܹԪӤʿһԪӤӿ±ҪĶࡣ
˴¶һʮˣԪӤʲôĻǾ鷳ˣԪӤɢĻǾˣᶼûлˡ
һҪԪӤһΪ˵ġ
⡶תϵķԪӤȻʹ࣬ȴûΣա
ҷԪӤ֮ȻһʱڣǶڳԶǺܻģԪӤʹǲ⻯ҲԼ
ͺԥѡŵһֻͨɵӲŻ顣
һ壬һ൱ԼԪӤ֮л˭Ķ֣
ԪӤѵʹࣿ
֮ͱ׶ĵǹ룬ˮˣʹģԪӤʹʹҲ׵˿Ҫʹɣ
աתصģͿʼԽԼԪӤһΪ
ʹ͵ĵһо
ԪӤѵĸоº˻ȥԣʹ༸޷ֵģ
ҧʱԲܷһôһŵһͨͻữΪһӰԲ顣
һ̣֮жãʹʹپңʼնҧء
һʱ
ʱ
ʱ

ʮʱȫѾˮʪͬǸոմӺ̳һ㡣
Ϊ˵ʹǰڿ¯֮Ҳһκȴˮʪˣֻ˵ų޷ܵʹࡣ
ԪӤжʹࣿ
ָоҲֻһʿŻ֪ˡ
ΪֻиŻջڼʮʱ֮ɫ԰׵վ
ʱȫեˣ·ԵüΪѣһԪӤʿ˵Ǽ䲻ġ
Ǽʹ͵ʼնһ΢Ц
ûɹˣ
ĵ֮УСԪӤڵ룬ڵ
ԪӤͨԪӤС˺ܶ࣬ⲢҪֻ軨ʮʱԪӤָԭӡ
һʯָԼľ֮ͱ㿪ʼԼĵһ⻯
ǶϵϣƵ⻯ȻǼõĲϣһЩݣ黨ĻǶ⻯
ܹҵһʬĻǲõҲֻˡ
ʬ壿ֻ֪ѪǸϹʬ⻯
ֻ˵Ǻǣ
աת֮صģκζ⻯éʯͷҲԡ
⻯ĲҲ;һ⻯ǰ;൱ʿˡ
ȻԼ⻯ЦóĲȻõġ
ǡȱĶ֮жʮɵıء
ͻһµʱ䣬ԼãͶ뵽⻯Ĺ֮С
Լĵһ⻯Ҳޱȵڴ
⻯ôĻ⻯һͨ˾Ͳôˡ
ÿһĶܳǶһһ嶼ᵼ⻯ı
֮УѾ˷ʮ⻯ӰӶûм
ҲζûнһʮǧѾܺ޲Ŀ̻ʮ͵ĹƣĻٹʮ꣬ԽһʮǧĿ̻
ȻǹưˣʵʵʱпܻҪá


358 ֮
飡ɽʯɽڵɽ֮һǿѹϯɽ
ɽڲʵС˲ͱһӴѹ
ɽ֮оȻ߳һģһͣ
ͿԼԵԼӵԼĸоǺ֡
ͬһĹƳ⻯ӵԼʶһĸˡ
һ⻯Լ֮Ͳ˵ͷ
ʵ֤ԪӤľȷģʵʮ֮ǰȼֱһһأʹǲҲĿԺԪӤڵʿһϸ¡
⻯ѶҪĻҪѵĶ࣬ʮƳɹȥ㻨ʮʱ⣬һʮǧƵĿѶԶԶ͵Ԥϡ
ʮ֮ԼԼʧ˶ٴΣڵıԴԴϵûа취⻯Ƴɹ
ŵһͨѶҲһĸߣͻĸʿӵ˶Դϰأ
ѣѵҪȥ𣿡һâһ
ܣôܿҵ٣һԪӤڵʿˡڰа۵һ㵵Ŀ͡
ԪӤڵʵԲᱻһԪӤڵ˿١
һɵģԿҵ٣а뵽
ҲûзһЩʿƾֶνһЩڰĵ˺Ū˳ʵȴûзֶԷ١
а˿ɲʲôĲȻֲ᷸Ĵ
аѪ֮ҲɢޣʹʮҲԸһԪӤɢޣаѪ֮йĻǺġ
һ⻯ѹҲ
а˿ͱضʲô˲õıŻ˵ѹ
һȻѲôͱĳˣ
һָֻһâֱаصĵط
ָȻָ
ȻָǳķڵΪʩչҲ൱ľˣ
аһû뵽;Ȼķ
ߣΣһԪӤڵʿаһ¶ԼΣ΢΢̧ͽһָ
ԪӤڡ΢΢̾˿
Сʶľͽıｻа˻һаЦһ
ԪӤʿ֮ÿһףرԪӤڶԪӤڼûʲôɱԣ
Ͱ̾һһа˾ͲƲ磬ǹ˫ʼոĪѹ
ҪãǾ͸㣡ЦЦ
һһģһȫڵ֮µĻվ͵ԣ
аЦһ
ֲͨȻǰóСʵ̫֪ߵغˣ
¶һ˿мЦݡ
аԶԸķʽԸ⻯ĻԻ޵ĺнࡣ
ˣԼĵһ⻯
ֻ;ȻЦŵ˵ͷİɣû뵽ոճ˸ĥ
͵˵ͷһ⻯ʵ±Ҫǿһ㣬ϾԱΪ壬ټϧĲϣԼ޷ѹ⻯
׻ʽһáЦ
ҵľģ֮˵͵һЦ
ʮ׻ʽΧһΧ
˲⣬ض׵
аһͬʱб޵ɣññ
Ҫûˣһ
׻ʽһ׽˿ͬһ㣬ӿаˣ
Саһ
Ϊ˿ּڽᵤʿҲǾޣԪӤʿвСӹҼҰˣ
ֻаϺڹһһ״ĺڵס˽׽˿
Ŷ¶һ˿ȡ
аһֻڵ֮ϾȻðԩ꣬˻
˼ڵͻᦵ֮ͬһԹսЦ
ͣЩԩδͱĽ׽˿ᴩҷ
ˣٽ˵
ã˵ͷ
ʮ׻ʽڿлһĹ켣׽˿һŴаˣ
֪аЦһ
ͻȻһ˿õĸоһ˲䣬аһԹ˫һڹ⡣
һâȻ͸ؽֱ˻

ǰȻĻ棬һתĻͬҪһ㣡
ôˣһԹսһ㶡
аֻǿ˻һۣʧȥжȻƾа˳
һˣаЦһڵͱ˻࣡
ţа˲ŵĿǰһܵȻûɢ
̣аͻȻһ鴤һɵͨڵϣ
⣬⡭⻯а˲˼Ŀǰˣ
ȻҶˣ΢΢һЦʮָ׽˿ͬһ㣬ûиаκεĻᣬͽа˹ᴩ
аƺһ֮һС
а˲ԪӤʿɱϣ֪ԼذɣɴԼԪӤӶݣֻҪԪӤڣԻ
ԪӤƶٶ죬ʹҪ׷Ҳ׷ϣ
Цһߣ°ɣ
ͻȻһֻצа˵ԪӤס
㡭㡭а˾Ŀ͡
ңôˣЦ
ޣļޣ㾹Ȼ⻯
Ͳɵӣʩչʱȷеˡ
ͶֻҪŹңԸΪһһߣ
ͷʱûʲôĻ𣿡Цһ
һԪӤڵūͿɲðգѪħĽѵĿѱаûʲô
쵣ǣһ˰ˣ
գһ֮һɫĻûа˵ԪӤ֮У
ʲôа˾ֵĿһƻ档
Ӵ˲䣬ԼԪӤбƣ
ԪӤȻᦶֵܵһ
֮һֻֻɫĴֱӽԪӤ˻֮У
ҡŹģа˺
һԪӤӦÿʵˣ΢΢һЦ
ʮ׻ʽվ͵ߡ
˵ĻոҶУµ˵
͵˵ͷȻ⻯ĵһսȴǷǳ⣬֤⻯ʵһ㡣
ҪǣԼΪ⻯ʵҲǿ
޲֮齻⻯֮ͱ֮Уȫ


359 ױ
ԪӤʿ˵չذǺʱ䣬ʮʱ䲻ǵָ֮䡣
Ϊ͵ĵһܳɫͽ
֣ҲԼġ
Ҳһ֮ͨˣ˻ȫڱ֮⣬Щȫһĸ壬˼붼ͱ
ڻԼһ֣ҲֻһЦˣϾҲ㲻ʲô¡
ʮ׻ʽ۾һͻ
ʮ֮оȻƳʮ׻ʽ
ԴҲֻǿЦˣƽյõĲϴ඼ǰ֮С
ϾԼ˸޷֮Уûʲôطȫˡ
һȻԽԼ֮еĲʮ׻ʽ
ף;ɵĿ
Ȼܹڵʮ׻ʽϵֻҪԸ⣬ʱܽʮ׻ʽռΪУ
ô£һ㶡
ұһ壬ľҵģҵľġЦ
漴Ц񲻾ζʮ׻ʽѾԲóɷ
ǽڶ߻Ƴ񲻾ζԲɷһ뵽ܹһ˱׻ʽɷ󣬼ʹڵԶ̲ס
²Ƚɽ϶ˣ
Ҳû뵽⻯Ȼô
͵ʮ׻ʽѾǼˣϾƵԽҪʱҲԽ
ǲܼȫĻ׻ʽͷӲӦеǾ͵òʧˡ
ɻæĻǾͲһˡ
ھһ׻ʽ°빦ٺʲˣ
ѪԼİʱֻʣһˡ
߰ɣҲʱȥħʹ÷ŪˣջԼ⻯ͱֱķǡ
Ѫ֮УҪ˭ħΪϤǱضˣ
Ҳ֪ϺûͻƣΪټħİҪͻҲʲô£뵽
һ·ͺԼΪһЩȫ˲֮УŭͣԼĲ֣֮
ߡǵʿûгڣͿһۣ˵
ԪӤʿѹһССʿܹܵģ
ηѣһâٶ
࣡а̾һ겻ǿ˲٣ھȻѾԪӤ۷ΪǱΪѪ֮еš
ǡϣ಻ȷʵ
겻ˣ͵˵ͷ
㣬㣿ʱ㾹ȻӤɹˣྪȵĿ͡
û˱˽ӤѶȣʹΪѪţҲǵħ˳ͻƣͺεºܣɽӤ
ϣϽӤǵĴ£ӴѪһ۳ǵĵλܹЦ
νӤģ˵һ£ͣʱǾһλԪӤʿ֮Ѫһ
ʮǰҲ˳ӤɹԪľȥĵҳճΪǴϡ
Ǿֱɣĳ˴ֻ֪ħ赽ʹõģͻȻһװħƿ
ħ裡һи¶һ˿̰֮ɫ
ħѪ֮еļֵ쳾ھݵļֵᵤʿӤɹʵıѪ֮еʿ˵ֱ޼֮
ħ裬Ū˶ħ裿̲סʵ
ƿ֮еħʮΣǵõĻҪ࣬Ҳѹʧ̬ˡ
ָһֻƿ֮˲ɳħ裬Ʈ˵ǰ
ĳԸħΪ͵˵
ɫӵĿͣʮħ̰ˣλԪӤʿʵܹο֮лһλԪӤڵʿ
ǵȴһָоͼȻͱȻ׼ǲܽ£պһλԪӤʿĵˣ;ÿֲ
ͲֱӹǣֻҪͽǵĸȫ¾һ飬Ѫ֮еĵλҲ᧿ΣˣһԼж޷ǣǺѾۺֵµʿġ
ħҲһԪӤʿ˵׬⣡
ã˵ͷ
һöɫ͵ǰħ÷
ʶһɨȷ֮м¼Ϣû֮ĵ˵ͷħ˵С
͵Ϊϵ裬һ۱ɿеϢ⡣
ǲѪ֮еľްԣǧݱ䣬ȻһЧħķǰ䷽ϵҩȻħƳħ赤ĻԽӤĳɹɣǻҩĻӤĳɹʲɣ
ȻɣǶڽӤЩһɵĳɹʣɵĳɹѾǸ̫߳ˣ
ոճֵĻδزܽЩħȫ΢΢̾˿
ΪҲ𣿿һָо˲ô򵥡Цҡҡͷ
õħʹ÷֮˳ȥ겿һˣԼһֽĲ䣬ѾΪѪ֮вɺӵһϲ¶һ˿Ц⡣
µĳԲˡ
ѪӦ˵ټˣ͵˵
Ѫ꣬ʹӵĽᵤʿһԾΪ߸ϵԪӤʿ
ǼʹԪӤʿǿֲױ϶ԵޱȵС
ѪǿĲ񻰵Ϲ̸ױ϶ʱһη壬ױ϶ɼһˡ
ʹһ֮ױ϶ʱ̣ҲһԪӤʿҷ
Ϊ˻ؼңͱѡΨһĻᣡ
Сӣ׼𣿡ѪЦ
ǰɣ͵˵ͷ
ױ϶Ѫ֮һҲΣյĽأ
ЩѪϹʿȻܹ˿ֲױͶϹʿʵòһµۡ
Сһ㣬Щױһϣǻҷ³ʹϷҲӲѪѵ
͵˵ͷЩױȻǺǵĶױĵĻǾ֮أ
ҪƳױͱɫ⣡Ѫױ֮вϴС
żм׵ѪϣһѪ⵲ס
ϹȻǿĲ˼飡Ͱ̾һ
ûУȽǹˢѪָűױΧĳǹ
˻̲סһǹΧױܼʹɫҲδܹˢ
Ͼɲʥﲻˢľ磡
ɵ϶óǹĳһ󷨵ţǿаγĻ֪ʲô⡣


360 ڶأ
һ˺ǹͬһͷ׵һ㣬ƺǲ͵Ĵһ㣬һ˺ǹһſǵص
Ǳףױ϶֮׵磬ȻǿǶԪӤʿ˵ȴѪ˵־ͽɨɡ
˵ƭ˵ģǵЩҪСʱ˵ʲôҲҴ⡣
ԭʱ˶׵粻ϵǰ˸ţԼֹ֮˫Ŀעǰ˶׵磬ȴǼΪ
Ϲʿֶʵ˾̾ƾ輸ǿķȻͲóױ϶ֲֿĵطʹѪϹҲС
ﻹױ϶Χˣ׵֮˿ֲǽױĵĻ˲ܽͻҷ
ʹѪֿȻڵҲҿһǹôˣһͿԳΪһ⻯Ĳˡ
ҲѹѪڼʶϵɫ֮˵ļ֮ҲֻɫڲЩֲı׵ǰ£ȡǹ
Ҿһ԰ɣ΢΢̾˿
뿪ѪѪһ˵飬ûѪİҲ޷뿪ֲļ϶
ָһɫˢ˳ȥ
飡ɫˢһ˲䣬ǹΧıףıըѿɫ⵲ҵıըɫըɢ
ѣУγǹ͵˵
ˣ׵ǿڵΪ½Ӵһ¾ˣͺ
ǱƵĻľ׵֮Ҷɣ׵֮ȻҲǿԣЦ
Ͳ㶣ĻĲǵ飬ƾ׻ʽʱ򣬱ͽľϵ׵֮յĸɸɾ
ǰıȻ񱩣Ǳδزܽգ
ҾͶһˣа
¡һűͻȻ͵ը
Ī£ڣһЦֻ͵¶Լԭͣһ̵ӣĶһЩµƣ
ʱһʮǧƷҫ۵ĹâԵ׵֮ͬǣһ㣬Уûжһ˿˺
Ѫһ˿ȣԭΪѾ߿ˣȴǵ͹Ȼױֵܹ
ױȻǿûκε˺ǶԪӤʿ˵ȴģȴԽ
ãʹϲû뵽Ȼô
ѪĨȥӡǵľ׻ʽûеطأ׵֮ĵطǼ׻ʾ֮أ
ɷ֮󣬳ʮ׻ʽױ֮һµ󷨣
ʹһ
ɷȻԲ֮ڵ׵֮Ļ۶׵ļ֮£׵һ侪˵ٶ
ױ϶֮мϵٶȼֱͨǧ򱶣
ж˸ҽױ϶֮мжܹĲƳɷ
Ǳزʣ˿񱩵׵֮Ī˵գԽµʿң
ûᣡɫ⣡Ѫһ
ʱԲ׵֮׻ʽǹΧѾǺ޷ʱɫܹ֮г
͵˵ͷָһޱȾ޴ɫˢ˳ʿķͿɲ˿Ĵ⣡
ˢɫ˲ûǹ֮УӴǹȻʼױ϶ʼ
ټһѾѪ
ৣһɫ⣡
ǹ޴ǹȻɫ֮нС漴㻯Ϊһ׹͵С
ǹͿеһ˳ǹ
ȻҲһűһϵűһǶϵű
һ˱ǹȣ֮ǰĹű޼ֱСӵһ
ʹڵľ׻ʽ׵֮϶һǹ
ǹͨӦþЩˣ
ʿֶμֱ˷˼һϵűΪģȻܴѪҪηױ϶
Сӣ̫ˣǵһذˣ滹أѪƺǿ͵˼һ㣬ͽһˮ
أʹʧɫ
ܹȡǹѾˣ滹أͲһ
ͿɲΪػⱩҪ򵥣
ڶ󷨵ĺһӣǰҲֹڴˣѪ΢΢̾˿
ɫ˼ΣЦҡҡͷ
һξͲҪȡˣٶ̫죬һϣ׵罫ΧʹϷΧҲⲻ³Ѫ˵
Ӧζȹһ㶡
ٶȣѪ˵
ٶȣһ㶡
ٶȣֻмٶȣӦʱڣʱ㰲ȫˣѪ˵
͵˵ͷٶһŵģȻȲѪԪӤʿ֮ҲǺˡ
˵һ㣬ÿֻܹȥһˣһͨƱػΧˣʱǶ˱ɣѪ֣ص˵
͵˵ͷǰģһǰȫȹٳ
漴һΣһ϶֮Уٴһ֮ʱѾ֮⣬ݷܵѪ룬øΪۼǰıȫѪȥ
顭һը쿪ı׺ѪվλãѪȴѾΪӰٴθʱѾԽ˵ڶ
˿˫Ŀ֣֮صĿǰĵڶء
ѪɣеտҲֻеܹ˽⣬ֻҪѪһ㣬Ѫͱɣ
һ㣬ŵһ˿ɫĹâϹһ
תۼ;ͳ֮⣬ֻһ˸뿪
䣡ͻȻޱȵĿ񱩣¶εһ˲䣬׵ӿͣ
ˣɫҰף
ȻѾٶȿףʹ׻һһĶݷǻǱȲٶȣһ˿׵紥͵Ľź
˲䣬Χм䣡
ˣСӣѪ󾪣ȴҽǴʱ̤еĻܽ;ȳԼҪȥ
ɷ󣡡ͲһеĲµɷ󣬴ʱҲֻеɷֵܹޱߵˡ
һ֮͵ͺһ
ѷģұһ壬ȻԹۣ˵
𣡡ͺһһӵӰ͵ı֣һӰͬɡһ㣬Ӱ׵ͳͳգ


361 ֮
ڶصʹѪǿҲǼɵѣԪӤڵΪУ˵Ǳɣ
ѪֻıԵżǰͣǾȲˣǴʱ̤ô͵ڽ֮һϣˣ
Ѫ֮ӦܳסһϢʱ䣬ץסᣬδûϣСӣҪסѪҲļ١
Ϳܷ뿪ѪĹؼСӳʲô⣬ôеҲҪˣ
ѪѪϹ˵ֱɱҪܣ
ѪĴѾ򿪣һȴ֮ʱȴͻȻϣ
һزױ϶֮Σյһأ֮ףǵҪԵĿֲ֮ס
ڱѪʱ֮УѪѾʶ̫ˣÿһֲ׵޹
͵ĳһ˿⣬ɫʿʹ֮Ҳֵܵһ
һ˿ȥ׵ıڰɣѪͲһԪӤڵʿܹ⺧˵֮´׵ҪɵĴڰ
׵ͬһһ㣬ΧУʹѪҲ淢ʲô飬ȻҲһſ׵Ĵ
ÿ񱩵׵֮֮е׺ȣǹԹŮˣ̾һ
ǽ⻯ʮɱƵľ׻ʽ´ʱֲ׵֮лҷˡ
ڶصɱµʿ
׵̫׺ʹҲֵ˶ˣ
͵˵ͷȻ棬յ׵֮Ҳ޶ȵģ޾׵磬Ӳȥ·һ
飡͵ͺһ
һֲд͵ĵ֮г޴Щֲ׵糶룬֮У
ֲ׵Ĳ֮£֮еʼҵķ
Ϳ񱩵һƺԼһν֮еӡ
Ĺϵһ̵ĵ֮ϳһ˿ѷ졣
ȻСǶ˵ȴѾ㹻ˣʮ׻ʽ˲۳һȫ׵ɵľ޽
Ԫ
¡
ԭֻһ˿ѷġǡʼѣ
ͽ̤ǣһδ֮ʣΪһϹһγ֮ʱѾıԵ
ԭΪȴѪһľϲԪӤڵʵȻ֮
СӣǿĺѪĵ͵ļ
ͲɵĵһѪжҲֻѪԼ֪ˡ
͵徭Ѫĸ죬ôļ嶼Ҫɢˣ
ˣˣּˣޱߵױ֮һɫ֮зٵѪ
ܣԲܣ֮׾ȻǣѪͬ˹һ㣡
㣬ұԻΪΣѪҲסˡ֮Ц
ˣˣѪʧɫ
ǧ㣬û㵽֮֮оȻǡ
ܹ֮ΧĻ֮ףѪ֮أ
֮飡Ҳһ㵵Ŀɫš
Ԫܼ֮صȷһļǣЩһӵвٿԪص֮֮вĻ֮ȻҲǿԿĻ֮ס
ǵҪˣ֮һɫ֮зɳһϽɫ
ϵɻ꽣Ȼϵɻ꽣㾹ȻںѽѪ۾Ҫɳˡ
ϵɻ꽣һصģҲױ϶֮֮Ϊǿһ
һ㣬һֱնʿķ֮ټϵɻ꽣Ͳֿܹģ
֮ΪȻѪҲԪӤڵˮ׼ǻ֮ȴѪޱȼɵ֮׵ĵطͻ֮鶷޴Ϊ
ҵһǧ꣬һǧǰҾҪˣϧʱ̫СѾ㹻ǿ㣬Ѫ֮
һǧǰѪһû뵽һǧ֮ǰ֮Ѿˣǵʱܹ֣֮ɢĻ½վͲˡ
ɣ֮һΧĻ֮ͬһ㽫ѪΧס
׻ʽȻԴУ˲㲼ó˵ɷ
תͺԥĽתת£֮飬ݲκεأ
ѪҲһֻһ漴ͱ㿴һǰ
ѪɫϵҲһӴѹѹĴ
ڻ֮֮лҺҶ޴֮֮һڻ֮޵еģʹѪѾǻ۷壬Ҳ޷ıʵ
Сӣһȫסˣץסᣬϵɻ꽣ˡܹǶϵɻ꽣Ĺͣʧȥϵɻ꽣֮ʵضѪ͡
͵˵ͷϵɻ꽣Ѿķʹ˫ħһöƵķӡҲһ
һָоֻҪϵɻ꽣ն£׵ĽһöƵķӡг룡
𣡡ѪŭһӴɫţ
֮һĲٿ֮£ΧĻ֮ͬһѪϣ޴ıըѪϵƬըѣ
Ƭķжǿһû˱͸ʹһδɳСӲԪӤڵס
֮׵ǰѪƬֽͬһ㣡
ߣѪƺһ
ֻѪһ֮ը˿ھȻԭˣ
Ϊ֮е֣Ѫǿıָ֮ǿǾô»Ū
㿴طѪһ
໣һͬʵһ㣬ػ֮ףֱӴ̴˻֮塣
ͶûϵѪȻôһ֣
û뵽֮ȻҲ벻ѣ֮У
ڣѪһ
һβֱӳһɫţ
𣡡Ѫ̲ס˰ɫſǻ֮֮ΪǿĲ֣Ӵ˲Ѫβͱըѣ
ѪĸҲûЧڻ֮Χ׵类ɢ¶˻֮Ŀ
һöԲ飡
ûһöԲǻ֮Ŀ
ڻ֮ϷһϽɫĳͷž˵׵磡
Щ׵֮϶֮գ˶׵֮ѹһǣ
գֻôһΣһӣһ޴ɫϵɻ꽣ͻòˢ˰ɫ⣡
Ҳһ֮ѪһһŽ֮ͶΧм䣬ѪȻҪԼ赲ΧĻ֮ף


362 ռѷ
СӣֿҪһ㣬һˣѪЦһѪʢѪ⵲סΧ񱩵Ļ֮ס
ࣣٵɫ˺˻֮Χķ
ץˣһ˿ϲɫ
ɫѾϵɻ꽣סֻϢʱ䣬ֻҪôһʱͿԽϵɻ꽣
¡ͻȻϵɻ꽣һֲĽâն֮龹ȻѾѣ֮лָ
࣬Ȼҵϵɻ꽣㲻úױ϶֮д˻֮񱩵ŭ
ǱһˣǱɣϵɻ꽣ѪҪɵѵϹŷ
ɷ󣡡һ
ʮ׻ʽ͵ǰӲһâ
ۣͺһһѪ˳
ʹо׻ʽֵ⽣âʵ̫ǿת˲㽫شϵı׶Ϊһƣ
ǿķϵɻ꽣ʲôķ¶ļɵ֮ɫ
ϵɻ꽣ʵ̫ǿڻ֮Уӳɲһһڶô򵥣
ҳͽ¼ʯѹסԼڵƣתɫҲǳɱӡ
ڻ֮Ͽյϵɻ꽣Ѿʼ߿£ǱƵĻһӣͱܳɹȡϵɻ꽣
ѪܼһѪԼסĻ֮ףͻ֮Ӳͱǻ֮ըɷɻˣ
ԪӤʿҲ֮һ
ڻ֮ԪӤʿֲһˣּʿֻҪ֮Ը⣬˲Ϣ֮ҷ
ҿ㻹ܳŶã֮鿴Χ֧ŵѪһۡ
ʹˣ޾Ļ֮׵ĹҲֻ·һ
ˣƴˣŭһ
һֻ޴ӰȻϣʮ֮ޣͨѪ죬Ѫıģ
Ӱֺ󣬾һ춯صĳֱһɫ䡣
һգӰȻһһ䣬ͱӰ
Ѫ͸壬̸ֳһѪͼģС
ʱѪ˸յֱֳۣĴָСѪɫƬӨ쳣ͷһʹҲСԽǣѪҲʮָ⣬û˼Ӳ쳣Ϭָס
;ȻֻףϳֵƬѪΡ
ʱѾ˽֮һҲʹһ˿üɣ
ԭԪӤڵͣʩչط֮ΪֱԪӤڣ
𣡡͵ͺһ֮ʮ׻ʽǿǿѹһһȫ׵縲ǵĽ𽣱Уǿ׵֮Ȼ˿ϵɻ꽣
նеĽ׽һӣһֲĽâֱƻ֮飡
֮һ
ͷϵɻ꽣ҲնһֲĽâ
һһâڿײռ䶼ʼŤ
ûᣡһâһֽɫ⣬ϵɻ꽣ס
ҹʹһ
֮ϵɻ꽣ʹɫҲδܹϵɻ꽣ӻ֮
ƫƫ֮ԴĺܣΪڻ֮֮޵еģûص˼ϵɻ꽣ӲӲ
ƾŸΪʮ׻ʽһȻǿ󣬵Ҳ֮һ֮
ϵɻ꽣ɫǣ֮һһ㳯Ϳ֮ηŭȴı䲻ʵ
ܹ֮ǿ󣬺ϵɻ꽣ǧ˿ƵĹϵʧȥϵɻ꽣͵ʧȥݵϻŶûһ˿в
ŭһ
׽˲ֳʮͬһʱ˻֮ڣ
ҲǺù֮ͻȻһɿֲ
ãҪԱѪһ
֮ԱĻһƬ֮׵ʲôӣ
Ѫһ;ÿֲ
ԲԱѪŭһ޴צ͵˻֮飡
ˣ֮Ц
תۼ䣬һɳ߿ĺںһ³˽Ͽա
һ֮δôʱƬɫϼʹⳤ״Уһŵб
Ϊ̫ϼٶ̫죬֮վڽԵͶû˿ľͱϼסȻһɾ޴¡ֱϯȥʮѪδС
ãǿռѷ죡
ת˲䣬;˹ʱд֮£Ҫǿдϼƹ
һ˷Ҫ͡ৡһ£ѪɫȻʧӰ١ûһ˿޷
ͳһ亹ۼͱǿռѷɶæֻ·ľ׻ʽʶŵһСͬϼħ꣬ƺͬҲľ֮ɫ
ϼһͺͻֿ֮ûеؾͱǺɫռѷ˽ȥ·ʱŷһϰٵɫͬʱֶܸȻ׷׻Ϊ߳Ľѷмȥ
⡭Ȼǿռѷ죡ѪĿѾϵĿռѷ졣
ױ϶֮оȻһռѷ죬һ֮͸ˣ
˵ǾԲֿռѷģױ϶ĺıѾȡ
ͺͻ֣֮׽ϵɻ꽣ȫȻʹԭͲȵĿռ֮гһ˿ѷ졣
һ뵽ռѷĿֲѪҲ̲ס̾˿õĻҲܻõĻѾռѷ֮ˡ
û˻֮ϵɻ꽣ѪɵѵĻ֮Ҳʧĸɸɾ
ʧȥţʱױ϶˥ǧ֮ڱȻʧʱѪؿ¾ֻʣˡ
Ѫ΢΢̾˿ôܹ뿪طˡ
ױ϶֮һ֮ѪӴ֮ͳöƴСʯ
ƴʯɢȴҪʯҪǿ
鲻ͬԵļƷʯΪסЩϹʿãѪЦһ
ʯǶ֮һ׹⽫Ѫ˲ʧױ϶֮У
󷨾ȻҪ鲻ͬԵļƷʯ
Ʒʯʹһ͵ʯڱҲܹڳһ鼫Ʒʯ
֮еļƷʯһҲĹѪϾȻ飬һǲͬԵģеļֱֵԹ
Ҳ֪ѪǷʲô飬ȻǵϹʿķ˾޴ĴҲҪѪ֮УǿķסΨһĳڣҪüƷʯ뿪


363 ҩ԰
ڱռѷ˲䣬ֻϼĿҫۣ޷ֱκζֻܽ˫ĿͬʱΪڷɥʧǾͷĿѣ֮
ǰ˰ǿ壬ܲ˵ֱӻȥ
Ƭֻ̺һ˲ָͨ˷ʱϲһȻظƣȶ
ͬʱϼºҲɢȥ¶ܵһС
ɨһۣΡৡһ£˲ݳԭʮԶȥΪǻ֮龹ȻͬƯڿУͺһ
һæıܿ
ΣûϸҲϸȥΪ˴ĿռֻʮɴСеĶһš
ûڴˣֻͻ֮˶ѡһ
ԸӦһ¾Ϳɷ֣˵Ũܵľˣܱ߷·һЩҩһһʯͤԼȣռıں͸߿ɵһƬˡ
ﾹһȱȫҩ԰в죬ڴеǰСȻľоʲôŶĻ֮ϹתһȭϽɫ绡ֶͬʱͷһɫͷ
֮Ҳ˴˵ءֳɫþ¶һ˿Ź֡
ʲôطȻûһ˿׵֮֮鲻һ
һıȫ׵֮ϣڻ֮޵еĴڣ뿪˻֮ףͨԪӤʿ򲻹
һʮ׻ʽͬԼõһ㣬֮Χ룬һ׽˿ߣ˻֮ڡ
֮ǻ֮Ϊһھ׻ʽҲǴ洦Ȼôװ׷Ź
ܹ֮Ҳ׻ʽ֮У׻ʽƱҪϼ
֮ŭ
ƽҲһԪӤʿġ
һɫ׵ӻ֮ڳ͵ϡ
ž˲һɵȫ
ߣҲҺҶҪˣ֮ЦһһʵȻû˻֮ףҲһһ
˰Ѿﵽһֲĳ̶ȣʵĻ֮˺ûУ
ƣʮָʮ׻ʽȡŻ֮ھ׵֮
࣬ҲŹģ֮ŭһ徹Ȼʼ͡
Աһ
֮ʵôԱĻôȫһˡ
ͲҶģæʮ׻ʽΧ
¸£޴࣬һģ֮ͻȻΪһ׹˿С
ˣˣּȻ֮ƭΣһͬһֶΣ
֮黹ûüˣ֮һͻȻΧ
ܹ֮־ı飬֮һɫĻ潫֮ɲǼ㻯Ϊж֮һ𣬿еɫѸȥ»ָ˻ҵɫ
ֻ͵Ŀ֮Уһ֮ɫ
ɫ棡Ľƣ˽ֶΡ뵽
оȻ֣ͱ˴ռɱȻϲ쳣
ʱһ̧֣ʮ׻ʽ
ӦϹʱںպַˡ˵ϹʱڣдͨʿԽһЩٳԶʤ˽Сռ䵱ҩ԰ʹãרֲҩȻŷǳϡ١ֳʲôʣеַʧĸɸɾԺʿҲ޷ҵһû뵽һ⾹Ȼҷ˴˵еҩ԰Ϳҩַ̾
ҩ԰ǰڵ伮еҲйصļءһֱΪֻһЩҥû뵽Ȼֶڣһ¡
ֱϥ˫ĿʶķųʼռÿһĵطǷҵʲôػ߳·
ɫʼƽ޲һƺûʲôջԵЩٹƬ̺Ƥգ£ͻȻ¶һ˿Ź֣Ȼ˫Ŀ
һվռһǡʮɫĹŹǰһ˿˷ܵͣ˽Ų
ףιѱɫҩԺ󣬲Żɫġ
ҩ԰к֪ûˡҩûеϣҲžأǿѹסеļͱ侲˵ûëëŵľͲժʲôǾ۲˺ð죬ת뿪ˣֱһȥ
Ʋݣ
黨૵ĽгЩϡ쳣ҩ֡
Щҩݵһϣһľ
ת˼Ȧ֮ͷҩ඼һЩҩݶңóȥĻԪӤʿͷ
һҩһЩǰҪƵȴƲĵҩҲˡ
Ѫ֮еõħ赤䷽һЩҩͳͳУ֮еҩԽƳˡ
һָһҩ˳
û뵽ǣҩһ뿪˲ȼһĺƹ˲ճһѻҽʹֽҩɲݵҲʹѡ
һƹͷҩ԰֮мһϵҩǲ뿪Ƭеҩһ¾ͻȼա
Ͳɵüͷ񲻾ζԼֻܸɿˣ
飡뵽һöӡ
Ȼ뿪һƬôɴͽҩ԰֮У֮к棬ֲЩҩû⣡
ʳָһ㣬ʮ׻ʽҩ԰ܣ
ҿʹһ
ֻûصľ׻ʽһɺȻХҩ԰ضʼζ;ȻҪҩ԰ضֲ֮С
ԪӤʿ˵ɽ⣬οֻиһССأ
ͽ򿪣ǧƽҩ˲䱻С
һ˲䣬Щҩͬǳ˽һ㣬Ķ˺֮Уûгȼ
ջ˶ϧҩҲãʼһҩ԰
ƣԼڵһطֻҩ԰һ֣ϹʱڵǷʲô飬Ȼʹʿҩ԰Ƴӡ
һʶɨҩ԰ͼѰ뿪ҩ԰ĵ·
ҩ԰ϹʿʿٳĿռ䣬ѾǲƲѣ˭ܱ֤ռ仹ܴڶãռ̮ôһľˡ
һȦ֮󣬲ûзռ֮дʲô֮Ķ
ûдҪ뿪طֻдƿռˣǴƿռֻлʿе
͵Ϊǲǻûеƿռ̶ֳȣ
ѵҪˣͿЦһ


364 ˺ѿռ
ߵռ֮ԶľʱҲ˵˫붶һ¡ʱһʮڽɫɽзȻڷһ֮£תۼͷ۳һڽɫ޽
һ̧֡ͳ˽һָ
¡¡죬ɫ绡ӽϵԾ𣬻֮ױɵļ˳
һſڣһĻƮƮѿҲ˽֮ϡ
ʱ޽⽻֯˸֮ǽϣƴ
Ϳһͺȷ޽ڵͿһƺ󣬻Ϊһɫ硣׼ǰĿռ֮ںݺն¡
һ촫ǰ˴Ŀҫ۵Ĺţռ䶼ûһΣֱ졣
ͼæһ硰ಡһأ˵Ĺ⻪һ»ԭ˾޽
ǰĿâȥϸһۣ˫Ŀ
ֻǰռϱڱ޽ն֮˿ѶûСŤζһͰȻˡ
Ŀ֪ͣ˼Щʲô
ƴ˴ؿռе쿪ˣͿЦһҲû뵽Լո뿪Ѫͱҩ԰֮С
ѪôҲһĵطһõĿռݣҩ԰˵ǿտҲһҪʱݵĿռ䡣
Ӵ˳ȥԼν˵صģԼͻ֮ȫײһ˿ѷ졣
Ŀռкԭ;һǿġôˣѴıԵˣղҲϱڱ޽һҡβѡݹϼأռ֮ɫһռ䲻ȵס
Ҫ뿪طֻҵռıȫһռ˺һӡ
Ѿռⶼһ飬ûзʲôرĵط
ڸ߿;̲סһļǵãǻ֮޵ֿıһ滯Ϊеĳ
ɲΪԼȻ֮ǿ϶٣ʹԼۻ壬³ҲԲȻ֮϶١
ȻҲռı㣬ôֻһ취ˣ
䣡˲ɳнĹɽȻͬҩ԰֮ӿҩ԰˲졣
취ܱȴôȻҲôǸԼ
Ƿᴥҩ԰Ľƣһ㶼ģʧҲûʲô˵ģҲǻһʱˡ
ͱ˫ĿǿʶųʼռһѰ
һεʱ䲢һʱ䣬ҵҪѰĶ
ҲһΪһʯ֮ͤС
⻪¶̶ͤɸߴĳһ㣬˫ֵâ
￴տҲȴһɫֻСģӡʶϸӦ΢֮ɢ
ˡ¶ϲ飬˼һ£һһɫĴƾո֡
ױ϶֮еϵɻ꽣
˽ʮ׻ʽ֮£;ϵɻ꽣ƺǹűȻܱڡ
ɫĵâϵɻ꽣ϻۣ
ȣ͵صͺһ
һ˶ɫâǸɫĹȥ
¡
ռ䶼ʼҵĻζһֱƣϢ󣬿ռһȶ
԰֮ټϵɻ꽣ܹӵǿˣȻ޷˺ռ䣬Ҳζ
ǻ֮黹ڵĻôǶܹ֮ռ䣬ڡ
εҡҡͷԸոտռζĳ̶Ҫ˺ռҪ˫п
ԪӤڵʵǰ첻
һ˿ɫʣҪ˫ҲǲܣֻҪܹԪӤڣתֳ֮ϵɻ꽣⻯Լʮ׻ʽ㹻ˣ
ԪӤڡͰ̾һ
ȻѾԪӤ۷壬Ҫͻƿɲһʱ飬ʹҩ԰֮ŨȾˣ֮屶ҲҪʮʱ䡣
ҩ԰֮еҩӦܽεƳɡ̾˿
еεȻ֮䷽ˣ֮Ȼ˴ҩҲǸõģЩҩ֮ҩ֮;ˡ
ɸΪ֮ǿҲ޷ȱҩĵƳ
ҲãЩѾҩҩ԰֮ѰˣεĲҲյĲˣʹȱٵļҲҩ棬ҲӰʲôҩЧ
д˵ҩаʮԪӤڵĴԲ磬Ȼܿʼƿڴ˿ռʮ뿪͵ҲûʲôõִģŨ֮ܣ黹ǿ֣ȻҲһѵõĻԵ
Ψһĵľռ仹ܼܲʮ꣬ڼ̮ĻǾǺˡ
ϸϸ˼˰죬òóԼҪӴ˿ռóһʱĽۣЦһһ֮ɫ
ʯͤмϥ£ٴνǿϹŵóϸоε֮
εҲϹʱҲ˲õĵҩѾƷн׵ҩƵѶȻһĴ󣬷۾Ҳûж˸ҴƱܹƳε
ҩںϣԽһʦæͷתˣѶ쳾֮£
ǻʿһε˵ҲҪʮУǶ˵л綯֡
ȻЩҩѾֲ֮УǾͲõҩˣ
˽εƷ֮;֮Уʼε
ҩ϶˵ҲһСսҲһƷҩ
ࣣ
ࣣ

ʼƵʱ򣬼һıըǺ¯㹻̵ĻͱһıըըƬˡ
ٴǧεʧܣҲʹ˾޴ջ񣬴л۵ľͶεġ
ϿҲֻͲŸôƳɱˣǻɣݵһʥҲҪŪڿ㶼ʣˡ
ˣǰһ
ٴεʧڻ˳ɹö׵ĵҩʱڵĵ¯֮УԵøҫۣ
˵һȻ˵ڶΣʱ䣬Ƴʮ¯εһٶƷҩ˵Ǹ߲ˡ
Ϳһٶε̷ô൤ҩ޷ͻƵĻôҪԼˡ
һε֮ͱȫȡͻƺ뿪ҩ԰
֮лкܶĵˣѪ֮Ѿ̫ʱ䣬Ѿûжʱӻˣ
ϣεҩЧ紫˵еǰǿ󣬷ʱҪӳˣ


365 
֮еӺݿΪƶһˡ
ںïޱߵɽشȫ෴ǻ£ľ֡ʶסڴݵߣҲ֮١ֻһЩС͵ɼ壬ռŴ޼ļҲңڣ˸ʲô
ϱߣһɽɽ롣Ǵݽеļ֮֮һ
ɽҲ̫Са֮㡣ɽȴֻʮѡ
ɽ͸СɽͷǿʿСôСĵطȴͬʱһСɼסˡ÷ֱռɽ塣
ǮңӺ䷦ĵطӣȻһЩС塣
ЩС˵ƶӺܹռݵһѾǷǳ׵ˡҰһСС޷ס
ƶɽϣҲһǴɽһȪÿ궼Щɫˮ
ˮĲϵʿãĲµʿˮĻܹ׽á
Ǯ֮еҲⷢܣÿ궼ѡȡһĲ£δʼӵļ󱲷ˮ
죬Ȫ緢ӣǮҵ˶վȪ֮ǰ
֣һҵСӵǺǮҶ֮һǮԶЦ
ˮЦҡҡͷ˿ɲô㣬Ҫ֪ȥǮҵ˿ɱҶһҰ
ˣˣҲִˣЩ󱲿˵ĻʲôӡԲ
ˮǮԶ˾һԩңǲҶԷ䣬ǻڡ
ǻимԲҲ˻
Ǯ꣬ڸԵûʲô⣬˵ļһָõıְˡ
ȪˮԽԽ٣ȥҵĺ󱲵ӶְǮԶĵĿ֮еһȪ
ǻǰȪˮ㹻ģЩ࣬йɣȪȻһֱôˮʹá
ڶʮǰȪˮѾ˼ٵƣȥֻ꣬һҡ
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ˮһԣʱ֮ڷãһ糬ʱˮʧȥеЧãͨȪˮ
ʹÿӻƿװҲһʱʱȡʲô취޷ӻʱ䡣
ˮһԣҲ͵ҸͲʲôˮ
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֮Ϊߵı۷Ϊ̤ڡ
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Ӻɽ֪ǰմܷͽ䣿ʶɨǰӵΪд𣬸޷Է˿ǳ˵ԷҲǽᵤڵʿ
Էֵʵڹ֮Ȼ˿ĵʩһС쳣Ļص
Ӻݡգգ۾ɫ䣬૵ظһ䣬ֳһ˿֮ɫ
ȻǣŸոմҩ԰кӳͣ뿪Ѿˡ
ҩ԰֮εȫεҩЧҲûʧԸ֮ͱ㱾ЩȵĿռƣѳҩ԰ǿ񱩵Ŀռ֮ȴ£һ˿֮ѪͨʿҪпܾͱռ֮˺ɷĩˣ


366 ļ
Ӻݵ˽Ҳ֪Ӻһ룬һŰˡ
ƶӺ֮Уžûʲôɣҷĺħɡ
𵱳Լһŵĵӣ;ҡҡͷڵΪȻõŵı
Ƴһˮصķ򣬱аӵˮôһֻʣһˮƤˣĪ˵Ҫݲˣһ⡣
һ뵽⣬ʹѣɲͣҲֻǿջЦΪԼļ֮
˹ıͲüͷŷԼλþȻһˮ̶ʶĳ˿
ˮ̶֮еҺһζȻǷ
ȻһͷͷһȪҵĸˣǱȥĻ
ĿһۣȪ֮еˮŨ͵ȻܹȪϴĹܣԪӤڵʿ˵ͨˮûʲôһ㶫Ȼǿˡ
ͿϲЩʿҲϣɽˮӺ˵һȪҲǼѵõ顣
ͶȪûκε̰֮⣬һ
ȻѾռ⴦Ȫ꣬Ϳ˵ĻҲֻܹˣͲҳڻؾ
ѾкóһʱûˣԾݶЩİˣλܷҽһ¾֮ڷʲô飿
ȻԣǰĻԵҵĴϢƬ̣ǱȻ֪޲ԣ޲˼ͶǵȪûȤҲд󰲡
͵˵ͷǾ߶λˡ
ܹдǰĸˣǵңЦݵ˵
ǰһƼƵľ衣˻֡
һò޵Ů׶Ų豭͡
豭ڿƷһƷЩɬƬ̺⴦򣬱
ȷѵõ衣΢һ£һ˿Ц⣬һ䡣
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ǰΪɲ⣬ЩİǰĪǲӺ֮ˣǮԶ̲סʵ¡
ĳȷӺ֮ˡҲ赣ʲôһЩ󣬱˾ͻ뿪˵ػطʴģﲻߵġûнԼֵ˼ֻǮԶ¶ЦЦı顣
ǰˡҵܼǰһ棬ѾĪ¡ĻиǰߵĲ֮ġһæɫĿڵ
ˣҵҲǴӵͽʿġкμɵΣȻ֪һЩġֻҪǵĻش⣬ҵҲЩôġϾܼңҲЩԵġͿԲҲһϿֵʲôһ֣ɫ˵
ǰʲô֪ءʾˡҵȼȻڲ󡣵һЩϢͨġһǰ⣡һ˻дϲԵù֮
͵˵ͷҪʵҲʲôص飬ֻҪԾ΢ЩעʿӦ֪
ʲô·ǽĴ¶˵һ¡˵
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ԥݽĲԭ֮ϾסһȺ֮ˣǵĺıǷʥ⼸һÿϼʿԴ
˵Ľ֮͵˵ͷʿƺҲǲСȻԺʿͬʱս
ˣ˵ҲȣҲô̫ƽԪһ䡣
һݣֵĻݵʵҪֵǷǳѵġ
˼֮Ƕݵ״һµ˽⡣
һǾǡң
֮⣬ݶսңɽ֮еҲ֣ɺ֮еʿҲ̫ƽķѹ
һӣӿķǰ
ĳлˡ
Ʒ̲ס˳
С͵Ʒûм̸ϼƷˡ
ǻعҪлʱ򣬷Ͳ֪ˡ
ԴˣҲֻܿЦһ˭Ҳû뵽λǰȻߵ˵ĸɴࡣ
û뵽ȻӺݣҪȥ֮Ҫһʱ䣡ͿЦһ
ԴҲ޿κΣҩ԰Ŀռ߲ģʹǳҲûʲôֵġ
ݶڶ֮УʹһڳȻλҲӲǹƾݵĻ޷еĽ
ڸĵڻ֮Եˮ
ݶҵĻô֮ҲԲᳬȻ⣬Ǹطֻң
ֱͣӶ˼ƷʯֱӴ͵˻֮
һ˿ݳ޵Ҳֻ͸ɵĳˡ
Լļ䣬ڻ֮мٷУڵΪͲù˼ɣĸ۵ĸҴĻֱ˾ˡ
ӦˣͿ·ĵ죬һ
ʬ׷ɱʱˮǸ֮оͼķλˮǻŵĻô֮ˡ
һ뵽طϲãʹ͵Զ̲ס
ǿȻļޣͿߵ̲סüͷ
ңɣμ֮дһŭȡ
ͽµĵӰ
ңɼ
Եˮһ
֮ӻǰ꣬ҪǿǵôˣɢȥһӥưĿŶˡ
»¿һʱ䣬á
ۣԵĻδ˵꣬һѪ
磡ˮһ
ɫ㻹ΪԼǸˣü޸Ķĸһ
ŶǶʲôãһԪӤڵѹȫͷ˳
һȻûзʿγģ
硭ˮԼ۾ʧٶĴ羹Ȼһγǵǰ
ĸУ黹ֲܣŭһһȭ͡
Сģˮ˳
ڻ֮ͷ˲֪˲мԪӤʿϡ
һԳеôЦһԵֵһɲǣ³Ѿעˡ
ʹļƷޣԪӤڵǿڣҲǺη壡
ᣡһɫĳХնȭͷ


367 ս
ǿķһӲӲĻԿæջԼȭͷܿ͵ľ׻ʽ
Է۾һ
ԵķǼ亱ʹʵҲûеõһʺķ
˷ֻϲܷӳǿʵ˷ˣһ
ֻ϶ʱ׹ʢһɫ׵ڿлûһֻֻɫĴӶ˫ֱ͡
Եޣڿ׵֮Ȼ֮һ㵹Ľѡ
ЩƾˣʹԪӤʿҲҪɵ֣ѹţԪӤʿûκε
ͨʿȻᾪ岻ѣɥʧģҪԴ˶ԸδҲ̫쿪ˡ
еľ׻ʽֶ׵ڿоۼһӲӵ׵޽ڿγɡ
ۼ޽ΣޱֳһС
΢޽׹£ͣǰ
һſڣһϸɫѿڶû˾޽֮ϡ
΢΢һ֮һɫ潫˽ڣȼ
ԥһ£һ꣬һ˹ȥ˽еػ֮ס
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ʮ׻ʽ֮еĻ֮׼Ҳһֲ֣
ʱͳ𣬾޽ɫУϸĽɫ绡ѡ
ͼˣĿкһֳ֮еһָһȥ֡
У޽Ϊһ缤ȥֱնȥ
׵磬㻹񣡡һ
еԥĳž޽ȥ
ཻ꣡һ˲䣬׵Ű׵·СϣһСͱֲ׵룬˺ף
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ˮԵͱѹúÿţѲû£
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ԶûֳôɣļԱսʱǿʱ̣ʹҲ˿Ĵ⡣
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⻹ԶԶԪӤʿ֮սҪܶԷףҪɱͺˣһٶȼޣһױѡ
һļΪˣʳѰ
ɱͺԥ¶֮
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ӣϣٶȣʹԪӤڵʿҲ׷
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ϵëȽջҪӲͷص󣬾ǷҲδܴ͸ھȻһȭ򱬣ɫӰӵжôֲ
𣡡С˷ܵһ弱һȭһȭԴ
һҪɱ㣬һҪɱ㣡ŭ


368 
𣡡СһϹֱʣȻֳһͷɫľԳ
ԳᴩأƺֻҪһȭܹشһ㣡
ϾԳ¶һ˿֮ɫû뵽һֻ۵ĺӾȻϹžѾıϾԳ
꣡Сӵ־Ȼ̴ͷǣ
ǼţһģŭһһɫâԴ֮зɳ
¶һ˿֮ɫܣ
Ϸһնһ֣ɲǼֽһɫĹâĲס
ʲôȻڸʴҵԪ񣡡εѡ
°ɣһһԪ޵ֿı֮С
һꡣЦǺǵᦡ
Ƴһʬ壬һͷļƷ޵ʬļֱֵǲɹһͷʬѵá
ȫ³ԴǸ˿֮⣬ûʲôԵ˺ۣΪ
СӸɵĲСӵԴ
СȻֻޣһֲĹȴһЩļ޶Ī
ëķжǿͿ׻ʽܽƿСһצȥƿԴĹͷ˷ĩ
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⻯Եˮ˶̲סĿԵ
ѾǽᵤڵΪѾǵĲ⻯Ҳ˵ΪֻǴ˵еĴڡ
ˣҲҪԥˣȵ֮һɡʹ飬˽ȥ
֮еԵˮһ֮ǰ͵ıʵ̫ˣǲòǰ˻ǲԼĴ硣
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ҵ⻯ңҾ֮ʱʲô⣬Ƕˣ֮ƵĵҩǴкô˵
ԵˮȻѾǽڵΪǶ˵ԶԶʿֻٶԪԵµʱ䲻ˣͱ뾡Ƕ˵Ϊ
ԪӤڵΪһ¶˱ǶòµĴҩҪڰ֮ԪӤҲǲܵ顣
﷢ʲô飬ÿ񱩵뿪󲻾ãһһӰ˸
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˵ϵּӴ˼ָ֣Ƕ˼Ƥ֮С
Ϊķ͵ȴԵ˵Ĳ
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һж˽ڣ
Ѿﵤڵ䣬Ѿˡ
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㡭㾹Ȼɱ룬ɱ༸λѽѣ˾Ȼҵǵɱǵļ룬ֱǲС
壿ǶϲмЦһ
ԪӤѹ˲ſ
ԪӤʿһʱһһ󾪺
ſ³һɫĲٿ֮һɫɢٵЩ廹ûзӦѾճ˻ҽʹǼҲ⡣
壡һһŵڱȥ
ҲΪǿɣǾǴΪԶɣĻۣڵҩһ֣ҲѹֻΪĿꡣ
˵ҩջԶ޷ģһ֮еܻӭ̶Ⱦ֪ˡ
ͬ˼ɾĵڣʱȴͬ޳һ㣬ʬҰѪɺӡ
շʢĵڴʱȴǶϱڲԫ嵤֮⣬壬ϼ壬Ȫ壬壬壬壬壬壬Ʒ御ݣĵҩҲϴһա
ȥϣΤʤٿűལһֿ֮룡
ǵڵţʵȻͬ죡һЦ
ħһӴĽâȻ£Ȼÿ죬ȴһâ֮ʬ嶼û¡
㡭
ʦ֣ˣǳŲסˣѪİ׺ɱߴˡ
ʵǵڵлɽĻڰ֮ǰѾˣǵֵܹѾ漣ˡ
ס̫ϳһʤģʱҵڱоˡΤʤ
һѾ嶼
һ뵽ڵļλ̫ϳϣڵĵָģٶȶɵüӿ˼֡
ڵλ̫ϳϿɶԪӤڵǿ߰һǻԽЩɱƬײ
ʵ
սһʼ̫ϳϾӭĴ˾ڶûлҲ׶༪ˡ
ʦܣʦߡΤʤ̾˿
ʲô׺һ㶡
飡λɲǰ裬һ֮¾ȻƿΤʤıལ
Ц
͡һɫĽâòĴ̴ؿڣ
ͻıʣΤʤͰ׺һ㶣Ȼ˿׵ƿķ


369 ֮
㡭Τʤ֮˵̲֮ס˳
㾹Ȼû׺һ㶡
Ͳӣ˭ʧҲᱻ˵˰ɡ
ɱ˳̲סüͷһɫĳһ̳ߵâΧΤʤļ뾹Ȼô޵ֿȥ
ԪӤڣΤʤһû;ѾԪӤǿߣٶδҲ̫˰ɡ
һս
ʹֻͱ߳ɵʵһԪӤʿ߳ɵʵҲԺɨһУʹҲ޷ֵ
ļ룬ڵӵѹʱ
أʵ
ҲǶԼչмӣһöơ
ѾĴ˾뿪ˡΤʤ΢΢̾˿
͵˵ͷԪӤʿ֮սûݶΪԪӤʿ޹˼ɵĶֵĻڶҪΪһƬˣϻὫԷҲ֮С
׺ɿѾԪӤҲ˵ʲôζ͵ʱҲһͨʿˣе㿴ͣԷȴѾǸ߸ϵԪӤʿȴֻһᵤڰˡ
׺֪ûʲôĻôһҲˡ
ˣأôûмͻȻʵ
ڵ֮кϵϺõȴʼûмһֲõԤС
ʦܡΤʤҡҡͷǿɬ
ôˣ⡱һ¡
ǰʦܺһͬھˡ׺˵
ˣһ
Ȼʱһ׹ͬǸһֱ͵ĺģ
СģΤʤҪѣȴѾ̫ˣһ׹Ѿ͵ĺ֮ϡ
׹Ȼһ֧ĹǼܹ֮ʹֹǼľֻйǹ䣡
һ£ɣ֮һֳԹǹĴһ
Ĵ˾Τʤɫޱȵѿ
ԭΪһһԪӤǿѾʤȯգ˭֪徹Ȼص֮һ˾Ȼ֮УΪиһɱ֮
ΤʤǲǽᵤڵΪһԪӤʿҪصĻܷ֣
ͣըģһɫĽâХ
ãǹĴ˾æеԹǹֵ
ԹǹϾȻһЩŹֵķģЩŹֵķǹ˾ǰһǽ
ߣҲƲıǹĴ˾Цһ
ȻͳԼһȻźܾȣһǹǾӳֹģͳġ
ǽ飬ʵԽܡ
һɫĽâͬһŰֽһ㣬ɵĹᴩһеԹǹжϡ
ܵԹǹĵֵ⽣âƫ˷򣬴ұ۴ն˾ֱԼ۾ұ۾Ȼô׵ıˣ
һͭƤǣﵽ˾ľǿȸǴﵽһֲĵزʹǷҲδܹһ˿˺ۡ
Ĵ˾ʧ͵ͻȻ˾ı
֪ʱѾ˾
㡭˾ûüǰһɫĽӰһ
ȻԼһ䣡
ôܣ˾뵽ôܿԼ塣
գ֮һӿֱӽ˾Ļǳ֮С
˻ΤʤͰ׺ˢˢĵһ
ͬɱһ㣬оͽǹĴ˾ʹ֪һģ͵ʵ֮ǿȻǾ岻ѡ
ӰĶ֮Ҳ֪˭һ䡣
Ϳʼӡ
ʲôЦ߸ϵĴ˾׹һˣʲôʸԪӤʿս
ܣһȻŹЩ塣
źѾЩϣȻûбֳʲôߣǲĲں
ҷı仰ͺҲΪԼŹЩ壬պǾͻĹ£е
ȫ°ɣɱ
ȻɱǳΤʤΤʤ̲ס˼
֮ͻȻӿֳԩ꣬бɱиոջɱ룬ĻǽħĻǡ
Щ϶ǽϵĻǣɱЩɲˡ
û⼸һɱ൱ԪӤڴڵ³һɫԽ廯ΪҽЩȥĻֱգΪᦵһԱǳΪ˻лǵʳ
һ֮Ťתս֣
ڵĵȻҲţЩɱͬţɵĹеľֻǷŭ
ɱΤʤһ»˹ʣΤʤ̤ǣ֮С
ȫ˿̵Τʤͬӵ֮ޣո
¡ͻȻҳһӣ
࣬Ȼ¾壡һߴɵľһȭ֮еĺ
˾һϵɻ꽣һâն
ͣնɱ˹ǹ˾һȻֻȭͷ֮һСС˺ۣ
ǿķĵһϵɻ꽣Ϊǿķʹʮ׻ʽҲˡ
ľⲻ֪˾򵥵һȻƿķ
֮еĳϣ֮Ӳ̶ȸͲǲ֮Щ˾ܹġ
Сģˣһʵɲ⡣֮һ׷ƮƮվ
ϣ۾һͻ
۽ȻܹȻǶĳȼطǿԼ
ԪӤټȼطȻκãһòߴɵľˡ
ϣ¡ͽϹһһƿʯС
ߣʦ㵤֮գҾͿһһСεֵ˹Ц
ĽһҾҲҪ汳ʦĺ
֮еĳ϶ǰһ֣ȻڵĲ䣬֮еλá
ĽһҲζţ֮֮еǿߣ
ϣˣｻң΢΢̾˿
ĽһȻǿҪǿҲûǿֲɵֵĵز˵ʵȵĺʬʻҪǿһ㣬ڵҲǵǸССĽᵤʿˣ
˴Ȼɳһˣɼⵤ־ڱصˡ
ëûгС޾ȻϷ򶷣
һһ޴ȭӰ
ʣǱһȭеĻµ϶һ
Сӣ


370 ս
𣡡֮һ޴Ӱεض𣬾Ȼ˿ڿеǸɾˣ
飡ȭԺ䣬ǿ˲ϯƷ塣
ڵϲ֪ĺΰֲûֽ⣬ʧĸɸɾ
һȭһȭһȭ͵ٵ߰˰ˣһȭֱӺڵƷϣôƷҲ˰ɡ
ȻֲʦɫҰܣԼλʦ֮޷Ľһ࿹⣬λʦܷ
ʦõһطȼԼΪۣԼʵҲĽһˡ
һ޴ӰȻСӣʱСѾԼı壬ߴɵͻĽһңңԡ
СӾԲκ֮£ʹĽһʵǿ󣬵ϻ޷ѹСӡ
һû뵽ϻϹޣΪһֻܵסңĽһһ
֨֨СӼĽһȻƲȭͷҪϡ
ͽסСӡ
ҲСӵȻĽһ˾ʵɲˣСӿҪԿ
Сӵ˻ĽһһָۣԭĴС͵ļϡ
ĳϣҲҴ⡣
˵ǾΪǿ֮һЩȻݷȴû˸СܹλԪӤʿꪳɳǵУ
¶ɽһǣ֮һĵڻ
ĳϣҾһᣡЦһ
ںĵĳ޼ǲݣҪ˫ּǲܵ飬Ȼܺͽ⣬ôֻлܶԷˡ
ֻһһŲʰ쵵ӳУһӣĻð
˱ڻϵõĽȣڵԽȵӵ¡
СĽһмЦһһֻ޴ƳһŻѹ¡
ۡɫĻ˲䱻ɢ
ͻȻ˽ɫΡ
ɶ񣬸ߣĽһͻȻŭ
ֻĽһľ֮ϾȻһ޴˿ڣƺǱʲôᴩһ㡣
УǹᴩĻ֮ȻеŵڽǹᴩĽһƣͶԴ˺ǲ
ԼټϵɻնļӳҲֻزֻ˵Ľһķʵ̫ǿˡ
ߣҪĽһţȭͷݺݵһǰȭ
磡һǰʮ׻ʽסһȭ
ǿ𣿡ҲΪ𾪡
¡¡Ľһ·ǲ֪ƣһ㣬ĺ͵Ľ
׽˿һ֮Ľ׽˿ס˻Ľһµȭͷ
ڽ׽˿赲֮£Ľһȭͷټ
ߣΪͿֹ𣿡Ľһһһɿֲ˲壬׻ʽĽ׽˿Ȼȫһ𿪡
⡭ǡʦĿ֮еս
ССܹģܹһս£ҲˣĽһЦһ
һ޽˻ĽһУΪ֮еǿߣҲֻýܷ
Źֵķġڿ޽ķ̲סüͷ
֪ǲģ޽ķĲȴߵķġ
֮ǰԹǹǣ޽ҲǣѵѾʵ
޴ߣĽһһɷ˵һն¡
һŻصʣһնڽ
Ӳӣʦ
ߣܽӵĻͽӽӿս޵֡£Ľһһ
ôһ𣡡бȵĹâ˴ĸʵټһʮ׻ʽˣճһ˰Ѿ׻ʽ
Ҫƴˣһ
𣡡һ쳹ضΪ֮һ١
Ľһüͷһöˣǵһμ
飡һβ͵βͺݺݵĺһ޽ײһ
ɲǼ嶼ζһɾ޴·Ҫһɽεضһ㡣
޽֮ϵʵ̫ǿ󣬼ʹ֮Ҳ޷ȫ͵βͱ޽п
޽ˣһɫ⼤޽ͻȻһȦĵֵɫ
ҹһצ£˲߽⣬ɫһ˻ĽһĿơ
㡭Ľһŭ֮б߳ܵ顣
ԻĽһһȭһǰצӭϣ
䣡ǿʹ˫˫ɡ
գͿѾָβͣΪԼһ亹
Լ֮ѪǵѪѪ֮еı֣Ѫ
ͲûдѪ̳еʲô绽ͨĻָϣѪϵڶû˸ϵһˡ
ʹǶֶϽţҲһʱڸԭ
Ҳֻ֮ʱŻᷢãڰ˰֮ʱҲǻָһ㣬Ļ³ʵһ֮⣬ûбˡ
ɷ󣬳ͻָ֮µɷ󣬽ɵĻĽһΧ
תʹһƱ
𣡡֮ĽС˻Ľһϡ
Ϳһţһϵɻ꽣֮ϣն
䣡
ߣҪҪĽһţʹ֮ǿ͵ĹҲ
ɣ֮ȭĽһһȭȻڵɷ֮Ϻһӣ
ɲǼ䣬ֲȭͣȭǰͷԼޱȵСƺԼڶԿһ㡣
һӰ񽥽͵Ժ֮УһһĻ͵ķߡ
ѵ֮Ĵһ񣿡Ժ֮ͻȻͷ
æʹһȻɷ󶼿ʼҵת
֮ף𣡡ͬһʱ
꣡һɫ׵˻Ľһ
ʮ׻ʽ̺֮Ļ֮жǿһͶ֪ȴԽĽһء
Ѫɵ֣οĽһȻǿҲȲ壡
ҾԲô˵ģһɫĹâ˻Ľһ뿪
ã뿪ʦ
ᦵķΧ֮ڻϣֱǲ֪һ̡
ŵĺͻȻӿһֻֻɫĴ˲ͽһɫĹâסС
һ͵ڣ
ɱ
ɱɱЩ壡
һҪ
ڵĵҲɱۣҪͣ¶첻ˡ


371 ټ
ʧȥ˴˾ʣ³ҲͿ֪Χʮ御ʮʬ弸˵ڣ
ڵҲʼɨսΪڵʬ塣
һЩܹΪһЩⳡս֮ʬ嶼û£ɽĻᶼûС
ʦܣҵҵ¾ͻһˡʦ̾һ
һμֻһССʿתһԪӤʿ
ʹʦڵڵĳλҲֻʦֵơ
ˣʵ˾ͻ㣬û˿ֵĵط
ܹ˻ĽһһʵʦԪӤڵʿĿ࿴Լ޷ֵز
֮гʦ֮⣬ᵤʿ
ЩʿɶһЩϤףΤʤ׺ɣЩǵһĽᵤʿ
ʱ䣬һҪôҪôһս֮սʣµĽᵤʿʮλνԪˡ
ûʦһԪӤڵǿĻ¶Ҫɵϯλˡ
˴شû޷ָԭȵķˡ
Τʤ͵Ŀ֮ʼնһ˿ĽǰǱͬһεʿǰ֮ɹ׳Ϊᵤʿ͸죬ȻѾԪӤڣ
ΤʤΪԼʲǶڽӤȴʼûʲôġ
ӤѾûжĹϵˣǻԵͶ
ʦԲԪͽԪӤڣ˵ȥˡԺԪӤڲ˵ˣǽ׻ʦҲǴпܰʦҲ̲ס˵Ľ֮ɫ
ݵɽʷϣ»ֻ˲ſɱȼģٶѾ͸˵û̫ϵˡ붼ǿ˵ĻԵ컯ˣɲǿġ
񣡡ͲЦҡҡͷ֮¶˵̫ңԶЩҲҪԪӤڲܿǵ顣
׷ʲô飬ΪĿŵ֣ʵ
һѾʦЦҡҡͷ
ŶԸ꣡
ʦ̾˿ɽνǷӿ˵𣬺ķҡ壬ˣɽɺĿһֱѹƵĵطȻʩѹ
ݾͲ𣿡ͳʵ
ھ֮һǴڳȻĵλܹ֮ѹķҲǹû
ˣǳΣ˴ķһңʹҲ֧穣ҪͬʱԷʥɽ칬ĸĸ֣ʹҲ˵ʤʦҡҡͷ
֮⣬Ͷ༸ܹ磬Ҳͨ
ʵѾ˽ˣһĽһڣԼѪ֮ѪĽһʤδ֪֮ء
һֱݷһչ¶ɱС
ʦĿе֪ⵤڲǵһϵɣ֮ʮɱ帲ҲǱϴһա
ʿҲһ飬ǳȻսҲܵ˵ز
ЩʿְܹѾ御ˣҪΪƴǾܵ顣
ʿжһɰݵʿǲмһɣʹԪӤʿҲһ
ûеݾͲ֮ʢҲѹЩʿ԰
ʦܣΪһϣʦܹӦʡʦͻȻ͵ǰ
ΤʤͰ׺ɵҲһʦڵڵǺڵֻб˸¹ķݣֵõˡ
һһʦͻǺ𾴵ġ
ʦֻһɰ֮Ȼ˿ԪӤڵʿж͵۲ɵָ˼֡
¾ֱ˵ɡЦ
Ȼʦô˵ôҾֱ˵ˣϣʦܹڵڣֻҪʦԸ⣬Ըóϯ̫ϳ֮λʦ˵
ʦô˵Ц
ʦ͵ЦݻΪǲͬ⡣
ʦܣΪ̫ϳϣڵԴʦʹãʦͲͬ⣬æӳ롣
ڶ֮ƽʱԪӤڵΪȻԻõƽǴʱȴˡ
ټϵѣǿпҲֻķˡ
ϣЦΪҲͬ⣬ԭǵڵĵӣܾ֮˵أЦ
ʦܵ˼ͬˣʦϲ
Ȼ͵˵ͷ
ãҵڱоˡʦЦ
ˣСѩأôСѾͷأͻȻʵ
СѩѾͷʦεҡҡͷ
ôˣѲСѩˣͶʱˣСѩѾͷȻȡһ㣬ĵ˵ڵ֮õѡ
СѩڵĺҲƲסˣʱ޶ࡣʦҡҡͷ
ԭСѩһߺǴ̥֮µĲ
Сѩܵ׷ɱȻѣȴ˵ı֮˵̥СѩŻ
ЩʦԪӤڵʿȫѹټϵĻۣСѩͻɢˡ
СѩڵĺԽԽǿʦԪӤʿ޷ѹˡ
ȥҲҿ԰æ˵
ڵδûпܻСѩڵĺ
Ҳãɣʦ˵㣬ԸΤʤٵ֮󣬱ͽһ֮С
˻ǿĺһͱǹɿֲĺԪӤڵΪˣСѩһᵤʿܹ
ǡ
Ǳŵ¯ҲֻԻ¯֮еֹ֮Сѩںıʦ΢΢̾˿
Ҳѹͻ𾪣¯Ȼĺ¯һģһ
¯ʲôͲʵ
ϷҲӵڴ¯һֱˣʦ˵
ôʦҲȤʦʵ
ЦЦ˻¯֮С
СѩһʱСѩƤҰף϶һ㱡ıڳһ˿΢Ϣ֮⣬ʬ졣
һ˿ϢҲ¯Ĺͣû¯֮е֮סһСѩҲֲôá
סСѩ֣һɾĻϵӿСѩڣ
˻̲סһ
ѹʦԪӤʿ޲ߣСѩڵĺʵֲ̫һӴ⺮ȻϹ˳͵͵ڡ
һһ⺮˲ͱա
⺮죬Сѩﵱ굽ʲôˣȻӵ˹ĺɻ
ʦһ仰û˵СѩҲ츳ԪѾǽᵤԲʿֻŶԪӤڣܹСѩ״ˣȻҲһԪӤʿ


372 
СѩڵĺνǸٹ̣ʹڵҲֻʱѹƣȴ޷
⺮죬ĳҲ޲ߡҡҡͷ
ʦһҰܣϷѾˣ󣬵ʲôطܹСѩĻҲֻѩ濹ˡ
ѩ濹һٻӰһθԺ֮С
ûмǴĻɱѩ濹
ʦֵ˼ǣѩ濹֮оСѩİ취ʵ
ʦ˵ͷȻֻǴ˵۾ݣĸɶֱ֮Ϊ˽⣬ѩ濹ϵڶ¾˸ϵһˡ˵ѩ濹֮һͷѩ󸣬ܹ¼亮
ȻˣʦΪβǰѩ濹ʵ
ʦεЦЦʦҲǲƲʿʹϷһԪӤڵʿҲ޷ǰʮѩ濹ӡ
ʵȻǿˣ̲סһ
ʦĹΪԪӤʿʹսϲǷ۾Ҳ˲õʿǰʮɾȻ˿һԪӤʿУ
ϷҲԶѩ濹һϷҪѩ֮ʱʹϷҲѩ濹Ȼܾʦҡҡͷ
Ŷʦʲôһ㶡
ƷҩʮƷҩһʦǿɬ
˶޷ѩ濹
Ϊһʦ֪ƷҩջοһƷҩʹڵͶûƷҩʦ˵Ѫˣ˶ܾ
Ҫôѩ濹ƴ֣ƷҩУҪôѩ̫ҪƷҩ޷
ĸԭ򣬶˵һϢϿòʲôƷҩҪĶˡ
Ʒҩʹʯ˵Ҳʤˡ
ˣͿСѩ΢΢ʶò̾˿
ˣʦȵĿСѩ¯֮˶ʮСѩȻ֪
ʦֶ֮ιȻͬ죬Ϊְݷʦһ񣬶֮û˿Ť֮ȫʵ⡣
ʦˣСϲǡһֱרſЩ֮ˡЦ
ʦܸԵΪĽѡʦЦ
СѩϱıҲһĻҰ׵ƤһѪɫ
ȿȿȣ䣡
ˣˣʦһСѩŪ˳
үүСѩôˣСѩԼ˯˺ܾãСѩԺ˵
ûˣûˣʦһСѩڣСѩڵĺ˵֮ٻ֮⣬طĲˡ
ףСѩҲڳʱһ
̲סӣ֮пҲֻСѩô˰ɡ
Щ굽ȥˣҪ֪ҿǽᵤڵĸŶСѩĿ͡
͵˵ͷûˣ㻹ӡ
Сѩеʣ֮ҲټˣҲֻдδ뿪ڵСѩŻˡ
ףҾȻ͸ΪѵǽᵤˣСѩɵĿ͡
Ժ˵ڵĵ֮Ҫڵĺ˵
Сѩɫһ㶼֪ˣ
ʦ֣¯ɷһãʵ
ʦϲ¯Ҳ޷ʦЦ
͵˵ͷһӣ֮ð˰ҩд󲿷־Ȼھݾҩ
˴ֱҲǽʦסˣͲֶΣʵ̫ˡ
һɫ˲佫¯ΧϵĴ¯֮Уһҩ¯֮գڻںϡ
ַȻҵڵĻҪ֡͵ַʦҲ̾Ϊֹ
һҹ͵ΪеַҪ˳õʱ䣬һ¯ҩȻǲͬ졣
һ¯ʼҵĻζһȻӻ¯֮глһöɫĵҩ
Ʒн׵ҩʦһ
͵˵ͷӦܻСѩڵĺˣ
ʧʦܵõ䵤Ľʦ̾һ
°ɣͽݸСѩ
Сѩ˷ܵĵ˵ͷЩʱ޿̶ź֪֮࣬Լܳװ⺮СѩҲޱȵ˷ܡ
ǶΪ㻤˵
ҩ̫ңƾСѩһ޷ģֻǶ˰Сѩпܳɹ
Сѩ˵ͷһ˳ҩڵһɲǱ㻯ΪһֱСѩĵ
һĳ£Сѩ¶ȼߣƤ޵ĺɫ
ҩȻԵʦæһѹסҩҩһӱĻԽСѩ
ϳСѩĵ⺮ҲǺģСѩ̥ëСѩһ𣬲Ȼ͵ʵͽγˣҲҪ
ҿ͵ͬһ֧ųһһεĳСѩĵ
ʹ⺮һһȴͬƹ֮һ㣬ƾγײռŵ
ԳİԵȫ֮±Ȼܹ⺮Ҳ˼Сѩ
ʿ֮أǵΪ˲˵пܾͳΪˣӴ޷ɡ
ȻγˣԾͽȦһ
Ŀ֮£ҩǵûгײ⺮⺮ΧһСѩĵﳹ׵İ
ʦܣǡ
⺮СѩѾΪһ壬ʹܹγҲ˼Сѩ罫⺮ʱӡҲİ취˵
ǿϧʦܵĳˣǽⵤҩ۵ĻԪӤʿĶʦһΣװ˷һƷҩʹҲЩϧ
̸˷ѣʮ֮СѩǺ֮ˣʮ֮һСѩǰѩ濹˵
ɣʦæ˵
ʦܣڵ¿ȫʦˣʦ뿪ֵĻҵҵɾͻһ˰ʦ˵
ЩĻʦִɷģ뿪֮ǰұȻὫǻġЦ
ô˵ʦҲһĻĽһ͵ϣ֮лʲô˸ҶԵڳ֡
Ǽ֮еĵһϳܡ
ٵڣû˵֮лͬʱһĳϣôˣҲζ˶֣Ҫ˶۸һвܽˣǻ֮л۵
ݺķսңҲһʱܹģҲ֪ͻʲô֤ⵤܹһս֮


373 ¥
ºһҾ޴ıݾڼۣҾ޴ı֮һɫġޱȵĿ
һЩĻ죬ͼӽһұʿȫһǿ𿪡
ǵڵ¥ۣô˵ڱ𣿡һЩ֪ⱦϸʿɻ
СѩҴڵһ˿Ѿܿ𣿡
ţѾܹˣůͺ͵ģ֮ǰˡСѩЦЦ
¥֮оֻͺСѩˣȻƾųʱӡСѩڵĺǵﱻСѩܹõҲ൱ޣܷӳҲֻ߲Ұˡ
СѩҲүүе֪ѾԪӤڵĴڣǰҲ˲٣ٲ᱿Ľˡ
¥Ҳʹʦнģս֮еݸĴ󶼱أеǸҲ֮ʱˣҪ½ûмʱǱˡ
ҲֻܺݣԱߵļݣȻپǰݡ
һ˵Ļ׻ݵٶȲһ±ɺݣǴһСѩĻôٶȾҪ½ˡ
ټСѩʱҲֻڵΪ޷ƶѹҲֻ˶ΣʦҪ¥ۡ
Ȼά¥۵תܺķʯڵĻǰ¥ķѵʯҲһСĿˡ
ڵڣֻǽ˵ڵ嵤ϡ
Ѿɽ꣬Ҳȫ
ʵϣĽ֮£ҲѾٵ߰˰ˣҲûʲôô
֮еĺ嶼סɰǧԩڵĴε
ʱĵﻹһɵӣֱħҪħЩ֮мͷԵøҫۣһֻɴСһɾˣһֳַǿǡ
ЩǱϵĽһǸϵаˣ⼸˶ԪӤǿߣᦵĻʹԪӤǿҲҪ䡣
Ѿм۵ΪᦵļƷˣвһЩ뼶ǿߣڼȫǽħɵĻǴǰЩֿ
һ̺ȵڵĻɽҪǿϼ֡
֮ҲĻۣҩʯԴԴϵṩ󱲵ӣϣܹһĵӣȹƲӵʱ̡
ڵڽᵤǿ߾ȻʮλһС˵ᵤǿ߻ѾˣǶڵ˵ЩԶԶ
кܶ˫۾ŵһأ˭޲ҧһڡ
ϾĻۻǺ˵ģ˭޷޶ԡ
ǿĻǣⵤڵǴŪôǵģħԶں֮еĵ̾˿
ݴ䣬ħȻҲʧأھӢд棬û˵
ħҲʡ͵ĵƣʱ侹Ȼûƽ𵤽ӤɹһԪӤڵʿ
ħͷǵʱɫһ䣬κһͷǶǻĽһĻǣ̺Ҫɵ֣ԭʳڵļƻҲò˷¡
ⵤڵʲôʺˣȻǵĽõ˿ֲ󷨣ħ޺޵˵
ǻǳ˰ɣϺǻţԪӤڵΪǲĶְԱʿѵ
֪ҾͲⵤܴһΣܴڶΣħһ
߾սôˣħʵ
ӣռţЩʿ۸ڶͲʿ
ħһǽĶˣ
ջķᣬ±ɻ
ãܺãħ˵ͷ
ݵǰһȺסĵ·оȻһ˾
Ĵ˾Ϊλеɱһ
Ȼʿʿֻϣڱ߾ϵķ߶©ҲһٶĽһȺŽݰɡ
ʮڣ񶼲ףЩͨǱ߾ݵģѵݱ߾ķѾɢֵزˣ
ԪӤʿ˾һ˿ɱһԪӤʿǶ˻ԼǼĹ͡
Ҷ˾ǻòҪԪӤʿͻԱѵ
𣿡Цһ
Ҷ˵ͷߣ
һȺ徹Ȼ͵Ĵڣ͵ҡڵ߿ˡ
ȻһˣѹЩݾڿԺ裬ʿѲƶ뷨ʹʿֻҪЩ岻ΣǣҲùܡ
ս֮Իҵֵزַβ̬ܵҲһĹϵ
Ȼƾʿʿ֮ôѹƲһ壿
Ǿôˣһ
ҶŲһ٣ôѵ㻹ң
΢΢һЦɣ
Ҷŭ仪һһ˹ŹַĵԹǹУֻһ죬ֱ֧͡
ȻͲɵ̾һĻе鷳ˡ
ಣ⻹û棬Ҳͣһ֧֧׽ͰΧ
ɣҶЦһ
Ϊǹĳ֮һһѾ¯࣬ʹԪӤҲԵֵ
ޣЩ˾ͽˣͻ䣬һӰһѪͳȺ֮С
䣬ԭȻǿ׳ޱȵһ̾ͳһ߸ɱʬ塣
˻Ҷһ
Ԫܣ͵ͺһһɫĶƽ¥۶ס
飬飬飡
ҶϵĺԪ֮ϣıը
һ֮ԪҲһ˿ơ
ǹ仹ǲС͸̾һһ׻ʽХӭļʸȫһɢ
ߣ£ֻҶеԹǹһ£һ֧ԹǼͬǸһֱ͡
̺ҲС֮ף
һɫ׵ӭͷ¡
꣡ڻ֮׵֮£һԹǼȻ׵ˣ
㣬ӳ£Ҷŭһ֧ԹǼ䲻ݷ
һվ׻ʽһʧҶǰ
ÿٶȣҶһеԹǹæһ
ҶֻñһɾȻ
ⲻܣһ棬ԹǹϾͳһڡ
ܣҵĹǾײƹģӲޱȣôܱ㿳ˣҶ־ŭ
ײΪλԵˡЦһ׻ʽһն¡
꣡һԹǹӦϣ׽ֱӴҶࡣ
һҲ޷ǰ
Ȼǿһתһ֮͸׻ʽֱӴҶڣ


374 ˼
֮ҶڱҶ˲һѽ̿Ƕӳͱһ֮״ɢˡ
ķȷǿǵķʹܹסԱƵľ׻ʽǾԵס׻ʽ̺֮Ļ֮ףο֮ڱԻһеȻôöԸġ
Ҷ޵ֿĳΪ͵Ľ꣬һҲĲˡ
ͭƤǣҲ޷Ͳ֪ʹȣ˵һɱɱĻѪĻѪֻһɽΪķ߽⡣
Ѫ֮⻯ѪҲԵøĴۣÿһѪҺ⻯Ѫڽɱ䣬ͼɵ֣ͽΪԼķˡ
ǿϧôĻǡ΢΢̾˿ᦲҲζ޷ȡЩ˵Ļˡ
е˼ƳҶϵĴһַۣȻȫǾ֮еʽȫһİַ
ͽȻһȻûһֻһЩʵǿ֮˲ŻõЩзĵЩͨʹõȻΪֱɼª
ǲ֪ѧûأ˲֪ãֱһ̲ű¶
һͺ⣬ѹķֹꣿ
ϹʱڣʿͳķķȻʱңǴûͬһһ㣬ͬʱʩѹ
ǵڼƻʲô뵽
ʥɽɹĸԹʹڵ̺ŶôֲûΨһܹ֮Ҳֻݣܷĸͬʱսδ֪֮
˴֮УܹΪ⿪һ˿ɻ
ΪߣȥΪʢ֮ˣҲֻȥݲļʶ档
λʮ֮һѩ濹ܹȥ𣿡ҲΪһѺ
ʱǲǳէĲ񣬶ھ֮¸Ͳ˽⣬µʱ鶼û뵽ԼҪѩ濹˴ͷɡ
һ뵽ıͱЦЦʶ޷ѩ濹Ļѩ濹¾ʣ¼˰ɡ
ݣһ
ɲǣԼڼݱʬ׷·µţԼпܾʬʵϡ
ң뵱꣬ʬʳǺεȵŰ裬һؾ˼֮һɽһ·ռ˼ݵİڽɽ
ǹǵʿķӦпܾͻὫݶˡ
ںʬ֮ĺʬʵԶͨԪӤʿʹԪӤڵʦҲδʬʵĶ֡
ʬûʹǷóĻĽһʬʵĶ֣ټϰʬʱضǸѶԸ
ҲηʬʣͲǵǸ׷ɱҴܵĽᵤʿĽһնɱһʬʣ
Ȼݱڣȴ⼽ݻ˵⼽ݵǰȵĶࡣ
кʬڴˣ⼽ʿҲùȥ
ڵǸһһŭֱţľţת㱻ųʹڵԶ̡
֮¥۲Ž뼽ݾڡ
Ũʬüͷһ壬ʬڴʬȻرС
ʬ衣ͻȻֲĵҩ֮ûнҩĻȫῪʼãһ߽ʬʵǴޱȵĶҩ
һȺµʿٸ˵¥ʵ̫ҫۣĿС
һ·֮ҲǸʹ˲鷳ʼͻһ˺ֱӷų߿ܣҿľͳͳɱ
һȺ˷ʬ裬Ȼʬڵˣǽ˿»ᾪʬڣҪǾ˺ʬϹͲðˡ
ȻʬʣҲƽһ鷳
Сѩ棬ȫͷԸ
š֪ˡСѩƤĳգգ۾
Сѩڲڵʵһ˶ܽŪ¥ǿĽƷԪӤʿֵܵһᣬͲŲҡС
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ӣʬڵ߹ҲĲǺܺãȻҲ˳Ѳɽˡ
ʬ䵤һҪˣǸֳһ˿Цݡ
ʬ䵤֮ƴȫҲֻʱѹưˣǾ׻ʽֽʬ䵤ҩȦڵ֮УȻ컯⣬Žʬ䵤ҩȫ⡣
ߺˣٱȻҾҪͷˡһȡ
ϣ겻ˣûЦһ
һ仰ֱ̺ʹᵤʿԪʹ֮ҲԲᳬ١
Ĺ֮ЧҲֻʮԪˣʱѾ࣬ͻƵĻֻʣһ;ˡ
˭֪ţһ
ô磬㻹Ϊŵڲʬڵһʬ䵤㻹ʲôʸǰҷͣʹһԪӤѹ˲ѹ˺
ʮŵĵӸͳܲסǿѹһվȻ˵ϣǷи߶Ȳߣûгˤֵù顣
ԪӤʿ󾪣ʵ벻ԼʲôʱһԪӤʿ
Ը⵱ҲͰˣȴŵĵӶʬ䵤һһ޳ͷ֮ˡЦһ
㵽˭
ǵˣٶǰ㵱ҵͶ˺ʬʣĸо񻹼ǵأЦ
㣬㾹ȻûһԪӤˣͬ˹һ㡣
ܹںʬӵѾ컯ˣ겻;ȻһֱûпһɹԪӤһԾΪ߸ϵԪӤʿ
ҪɱңҪɱңҴˣҲԣҲóģѾ֪ˣŹҰɡ
ϴˣ¶һ˿Ц
Ҵˣ֪ˣϵĿͷ
Ȼ֪ˣΪҪôĵӣųʵ
㡭ʧɫû뵽ԼСȻԷ֪ˡ
ԴֻЦһûֹȻҵ洫ֱΪȻֻԪӤڵΪʶ֮ǿڻʿ֮£Ĵ
ȻҪʬȣô͸ɴͽʾһ㣬Ҳǻؾʬʶġˡ
ͳźĵһָһɫ׵˲û˺ĵ֮С
˲Ť
㡭㡭ҵĵ
ˣ͵˵


375 Ա
㡭㡭㾹ȻҵĵޱȾֵĿ͡
֮УʧȥǿǱɱ㻹Ҫʹٱ顣
Ϊһᵤʿĸûмûмˣ
Ͷ˺ʬ֮󣬺µпɲ
Щ֪˺ﱻϵĻԼԼʲô³ˣ
ںͿɲκε֮ģŮ˾һٴζϧ
ҪҪԻıޱȵĶ񶾡
͵һЦ
ΪڸԪӤڵķܹɱҵĻҪʧˡЦһ
ʬʿµⲢζʬڶ˿£ʬܹͼɵĿҲֻǸʬˣԪӤʿӵʸûС
㡭֪ʧɫ
Ƴ˺һۣʶȤĻھ뿪Ҳ㻹Ϊһͨ˻ʮ꣬㻹˲֪Ļôȴľֻ·һˡ
㡭㡭ʬһŹġʵĺ
ȻԺˣʬ˵㲻һͷ֮֮ȥĹˡЦһ
漴㲻ȥĺֻǷ˶ѣҲ޷Լκεвһ˹ȥʵǲԪӤʿ硣
Ƴһ۱ʱʬڵ̫ϳٱ
õĴ֮ʬڵ̫ϳϵŭʬƿؼݰѾΪԼ⼽ݵˣȻ˸ڼݵĵ϶ʬڵˡ
Ȼʬڵһ׻˵ĺã򹷻Ҫˣ˺һǾǲʬӡ
֮˵һԪӤʿʬһ³ԪӤʿǿС
ʬڹĶʹͬս֮ռ˱ˣһ˾ʹ´ˣǿǵʬڼݵţ뽫ֶλɱԲɳԪӤڵʿ
˶ĵζüͷ
ȻһԪӤڵʿһʿһ
ҵʬڣעҪԱʿЦһ
ԪӤʿϧˣǿϧˡΪϧҡҡͷҲֻԼ֪Ϊʲôϧ
ԪӤʿĻǿɲĻǵһϧ˵ڣԪӤʿĻǾֻܰװ˷ˡ
ɱûκεʬڵԪӤʿųԼʬ߽ʬ˲γ˼л֮ơ
ʬֻһɱΪʬʡЦһ
ͷʬĽʬʣԪӤʿͨҲܹͼɵһǽ̶ֳȵĻôֻ·һˡ
ˣˣЦ
룡һԪӤʿһһɫ
һһɫͿʼѸٸãʱ䣬㻯Ϊһ̲ɫѪˮ
úݵֶΣȻԼ˶ŹԴЦ
һˣһûݵĹкã
𣡡߽ʬͬһʱͣ޴ȭͷۿžҪҳ
һ׵绮ʣ͵һɾ޴׵Χ俪
˵Ľʬڴһ˿׵֮һۼ׾Ȼʼ䣡
ܣʬڵԪӤʿ󾪡
Ƕ˵ʬȻδʬʣʵҲǷͬһ㣬ԪӤʿӲӵġ
׵йŹ֣һԪӤʿȻ
ڲ֪ˣЦһһɫĽâ˲̴ʬ
ʬΪķһâǰûһ˿ĵֿ
ۣ
ۣ
ԪӤʿˢˢһѪʬˣȻҲù
㡭㾹ȻҵʬҪһԪӤʿһϺƣȻҪĳǿط
ȥʣµһԪӤʿҲһɫĳֱӴ͵š
ͲŲæдһһɫƵסɫһУϵɻ꽣ֱӴغ֮УһѪ漴쭳
ɢ֮ʱԪӤʿؿھȻһɫĳʿ˫͹ҲҲ뵽ԼȻ䡣
ಣһڹʿĵ֮ðȻʿԪӤ
ͣԪӤٶȻ죬ϵ죬ԪӤӳɾͱһϵУɢ
㣡ʣµԪӤʿ˼򵥵ľͽһԪӤʿնɱﻹҺͶ

ԪӤʿҲǹ֮ˣȻԼıԱͼԴס͡
һʿ˵жҪⲻԶԪӤʿķڵ֮꣬侪ˣһԱһԪӤڵʿҪɵ
򲻵ѣûʿԸԱԼķǵĸ֮١
ãǺԼȣͲֵһˡ
Ҳû뵽ʬڵԪӤʿȻ˾ֱһڽͺڽ֮⧲֮±㱻ֲıը֮С
Ī˵һԪӤڵʿʹԪӤڵʿҲкùӳԡ
ɣɣԪӤʿһһ
¥ϵСѩҲ̲ס˳
ҵıըʹ¥Ҳʼҡ·һпֲܱıը֮С
ⱬըķΧǵ¥۰֮ǰͣסˣ·һסһ㣡
﷭˴ˣͿЦһ
ԴԪӤ֮ûгԹôĿԪӤڵʿʿ޷һ˿в
һαըǽըˣ֮ǰСӢȻϣ֮ӵֺֹһ⻹ڼݰˣݵĻʿʤ
ҿһն޴ıը˲㱻ת˲ʧӰ١
̳֮߳ͳ˵мȱڣɫе԰֮⣬ûд󰭡
ʱת֮ǿֵסֲıըɢСѩڵ¥ۿͱһѲкˡ
Щʬڵĵⱬըֱ֮ӱը촷ۡ
ɶ˭Ȼɱʬڵˣʬɽ֮д˾ŭʬɽ·ڲһ㡣
ԪӤʿ˵ÿһǱʧһʹ
ʦϢŭ˸ҵʬֻ·һ
ߣֻ˵ģҪǸ˵ʬףʬһ
ǣȥ죬ʬڽԪӤʿͲʮλô˻ҷ𣡡
ʬʵɫ࣬ʬƿؼôҲڳԸɷӵܣݵĴԴУӲǶѳ˼ԪӤʿ
֮⣬ʬʾȻһʬʣҽƳԼʬʵǴﵽһֲĵزǰ׷ɱȣֱһ죬һڵأ


376 ʬ
ʬڽʱյĵλʹǺһЩҲѷɫˡ
ʬڵҪɱһԪӤڵʿ˵ǲѴ֮һԪӤʿʬڣֻ˵˲֪
Ҫ֪֮ɽԪӤԪӤڵĴڣΣʬһ˱㽫ɽɱѪɺӣǼԪӤʿҲ
ʬڼݾӪ꣬ݶǵƿ֮£Ǳ⼽ݵİ
ʬڵͬһŴһ㣬ݣڼݴκεķ紵ݶʬڵĶĿ
û뵽ǣһԪӤʿ֮˾ȻϢʧˡ
һԱԪӤʿѾۻصʬ֮󣬽͵Ļ񴫱鼽ݣȴûзôһ
һˣȻôƾʧˣ
Ӧ˾Ǿͨĸ֣ˡһԪӤʿһ
ܣʲôܹҵԪӤʿһѵͲŵ˵
ʵֲѾǾ춯أֵͼķܹǵ۾
õƭЩԪӤڵʿԪӤڵʿûзʲô쳣˵ʵ̫ˡ
ߣһȺҲ˾͸ϢңʬеϢ޷䡣ʬһ
ʿ̲סһ飬ʬǶ
ڳʿЩʬ֮ˣЩ;ʬڵģһȴ֪
ܹúʬʳԱ˿޼ʹɽǼϼһʱѹס˺ʬʣ˼ұչذ֮ͽɽɱһɾ
ʬƿؼ꣬û˸ںʬͷ϶ʿɱһʬڵԪӤʿǺݺݵںʬϴһƣԺʬʵĸܹ
ڳԪӤʿ˿ҵһǵһöɵһ⻪
ɵϣһ˿Ľһš
ÿٶȣԼٶȳżݱȥһԪӤʿһ
ʬȻ޷˵Ӱ˵ٶȵǿ쵽˺ֵزʹԪӤʿҲҪա
ݱڵλãҪȥĵطֻһʬһسɴһͨʩչ˼£˲Ϣ֮˰֮⡣
һسɴͨʵ̫ˣܽһֵͨزҲָһԪӤʿ̾
سɴ粢ʲô˲õͨͨԪӤʿգʬֵزͲһʿܹ쵽ˡ
ʩչسɴһͨĺʬʵٶȾȻȫʩչ׻ݵͻҪϼ֣
Сѩһ£ܿҪˣʹһСѩΧγһ֣ǹιǵ硣
šСѩɵĵ˵ͷ
⼽ݣܹӵдĵط࣬඼ǱһЩռţһЩ͵ķ֮Ҳһ
ÿٶȣͻȻһȻһӰٿٶȾȻҪϼ֡
ѣСѩߣϽһһѽӹСѩֱķвС
ǷԲǧ֮ķУ֮һʹͼСʹԽʹ͵ݼ֮ˡ
ԭһ㶣ϤϢǸʬʡ
΢΢̾˿û뵽ʬʾȻԳˡ
ǰˣʬһ޴˫ֲ߶ʮһѹ
ԺʬʵԸɴɱһǧҲɷŹһħ۵ֶΡ
һ˫΢΢ֵȴԺͺʬʷͥ
һţһɫĻ;Ȼη壬ѡ˺ͺʬӲӲ
ʬһ˿ɫ˼ǵûܷǺսһ㵹úʬΪ⡣
ɫʬҲǺ޾⣬Ѿһʬʳںϣ֮ͨҩʬ֮򰾵ĵǹ룬ʹԪӤʿķ޷һ˿˺ۣο
飡ʬԤϵһ㣬һɫһƾͱɢ
Ȼһ̣ͻЩɢĻǾȻڿۣһööɻ۶ɵϸͬһ˺ʬʵϡ
ײںʬʵϷһ졣
ʬʹȻͬ죡Ͱ̾һ
ΪԪӤڣԲеᵽʬʵĿֲ뿴ƲۣҲںɣԪӤʿӲӣ˴ģĻԽһԪӤڵʿնɱˣȥû˵ʬһͷ
СʬЦһһ¾ͬһ޴ɽѹһ㣬ʹǻĽһ嶼ûиʹ˴ѹ
ն͵˵
һɫĽâֱֲȭͷ
δڰ֮⶷ʹǶԪӤʿҲǺ
⣡ͽ˼ǿסΣʬʵȭͷ˵ʹϵɻ꽣ֵҲѪڡ
ʱ䣬ʬʽ˲һ㣬пѾ˻ż
ʬĿһԼ֣ȻϸСȭͷϵȷһİ׺ۡ
ȻûлƤȴҲһ˿ۼ
ǸһȻȫһ˿ۼʬʲԼδĶ¶λˡ
һ±֪ԼĶǺʬʣȴͲ˽ԼĶǺηʥ
ⲢǺʬʲͣ˭뵽ǸССĽᵤʿȻӤɹһԺϵϢͽӤ֮ǰѾرˣѪ֮ѪǾŶѾ͵Ϣ˷츲صĸı䡣
ʬʲۼĻôҲ֪ԼľȻǰǰǸֻ֪ӴܵĽᵤʿ
һϵɻ꽣֮޷˵ʬʣôʹõɷյĳɹҲǼޡ
飡ͳ˼֮ʣʬʽһת˲һȭ͵ĺģ
꣡죬͵ͬʯһ׹䣡
ߣһȭɣʬЦһԼгģʹĴ˾һȭҲҪĪ˵ˡ
¡汻ҳһӣ͵ĺϾȻһѪ󱳶ˣֻһ˵ˡ
ˣ͵Ҳһȭ飬һ׵ֵĻһпҪ͵ˡ
㣡ʬʼ͵ݵʱ̲סһ㶡
ǰ˵ʹԪӤʿȻһᵤʿƤӵˣ
ȿȿȣͼæһʯָԼơ
ʬһҪˣǱ֮Ѫĸ죬ʱѾһˡ


377 ׮
ûʬ¶˲˼ɫһȭȻûѵ˵޻廹Ҫǿ
һȭʹּĳܵĻҲҪѪͽ˼Ѫͻָˣ
ͿһۿտҲƿСǧеõİƿʯİٶҲѾĵ߰˰ˣҲʣʮƿˣ˾˵Ҳҡҡͷ
ʬһǱűɱ֮ĵģǰǰѣɱʬ̫ϳϣ۴һûɷŹʮĺ󱲡
겻ѾԪӤڣڸʱҪһʱܲѹסԼûаա
ĸ󻼱δ֮ǰȻǺˡ
׮ʬʴһӣһߵĿҫ۵İɫͬʱ֮߸ϣͬʱһֻֻɫ
ʬʾȻʹ˷ҲζźʬѾ֣Ҫˡ
Ͳ֪ⶤ׮Ǵ֮ЩȻļޣͷļнҽƳ˷ʬʹǺôֱʡ
ʬȫԸȻҲ˽
һʮ׻ʽ֮һηɳ
Ȼ֪Է֣ͨҲû˼ֶ̽ԷǳˣֱʹԼϵɻ꽣һٿ˵С
ʮ⣬ͷһһϡ
ʱн£̷ֻϰٵһģһĽ⻪š
ʹЩγʱ߸ȴȷ˹
ֻϵͬʱŤ׿мͣһţӲӣзҪһ㡣
Ͳ룬һǰɫƣһ˲仯ΪһˮĻסһֻһһŻƵǰԿ⡣ѾϢߵεɫ
ߵڴһţײһơ
ˮĻ֯һ𣬽ƽ֧Ƭ̣ʹѩر߸׶
ߵȥƲ˻֮ϡ
һӴƷѡֳ˲֧״̬
ͼΣ˿ɫ΢䡣
µȻ׵ľͱƣһƻͯսĹűȻ׵ľͱ
Ŷϵ߸ڣʧһǷˡ
ЩǺιȻ
Ȼûеס߸׮ȴҲĲӮһ˿ʱ䡣
һɣٵͬһ㵲סߵ⣬ͬһʱ䣬һ׽˿ͬ֩һ㽫߸׮ذΧ
ߣЩ⣿Ȼͬʱ˶ɽȷЩϡ㲻᲻֪ȫܷӳĪġ˶ɽֱ޴֮⡣ڻû˶ལǻʵؿЦ顣ͨںͬʿУкôҾվԭزЩⶼ޷һëʬһɨȻֵ齣⣬м˵
ûԿŻ֪Цһ
ǽ֮еĽ⵱ɵнĻʱ޶
ʬʵĶ׮ȻǾϤļʮ׻ʽҲȻ׻ʽҲᱻת¼ڰ
˫һ
ٵȻѣ񱩵Щ֮оȻһ֮ף
ÿһ֮оһ֮࣬ٵ֮ʮ׻ʽķ֮һĴˣʹǺʬҲҪʧɫ
ʬ֮壬׵յη壬׻ʽһֻ֮Ŀֲ̺Ļ֮׸ǲС
ٵ֮˽ľ֮±ը⧲֮ºʬҲǳһƿ
񱩵Ļ֮ӿڣʹ赲ǻ֮ôöԸģ
𣡡ٸ׽˿Ʋס˺ʬʡ
иĽ׽˿ȴ޷ںʬʵһ˿ۼͨʿ׽˿סͱгƬˡ
ʬʴŭ󲿷ѹڵĻ֮ˣȻûжԸ͡
ֻϣԼʬܹ֮סһڵĻ֮ʱ͵ˡ
ԺʬʵļʶȻܹ֮ʮ׻ʽԴͨ˴ͨҲеڶΣֻҪŹһͱɡ
Ȼʬᣬָһ䣬һɫˢ߸׮
ⶤ׮֮ǿľ׻ʽ֮ϣⶤ׮͵ڽʬһͷͻݸˡ
ûͻȻȻֲǶвȴǴСˡ
ʬһԼͶ׮֮ϵȻ
Сӣʬʴŭڿ񱩵Ļ֮࣬ǿ߸׮͡
飡׮ˣһײȻɢơ
ζ׽˿Ȼʬ˳
ߵͬǸһ͡
֮壡ʹһ
һᴩأֻһѪɫβֱӭ߸׮;ȻԼ߸׮ӲӲ
ʬЦһȻܹܺ棬֮湦취˵һַܹ˱ɰ˰ӣ͵֮Ȼ浫Ҳʬʧ˷ִ硣
ԼĶ׮ʬųģķѪնɱͷļ޲ƳĿһұԪӤʿ
͸ԼȥӲӶ׮ֻ˵ǲ֪
ǣʵ
͵֮ǿŷ֮ʱͱ
ּʹϹʱڶǼΪصۣ֮ҲǴһ˿Ѫްˣ֮û֪Ƕôǿ
ⶤ׮ǷܹͿһˣ
𣡡߸׮Ҳŭ
ߵݺݵ͵βϣ
䣡ɲǼѪĽβƬ·ɽ߸׮ȻˢˢĴ̽͵β
ߣʤѷ֣ʬЦһ
ȷʤѷ֣͵˵ƽ·𱻴̴βͲһ㣡
꣡߸׮֮оȻĸơ
ⶤ׮Ȼը͵Ƭ͸Ѫ⣬ǲûд͸ĹͷǱ޴ķ֮ˣ
ܣ㡭ʬͻȻʲôһĿ͡
ܣ㲻ǸȺˣܣԲܣʬʾĿ͡
Ժʬʵʵ˾ȣɼ뵽ǶôĿֲˣ


378 նɱʬ
Ǵ󾪹Ǵϲ룬ôĻǰסһʬ֮嵹Եˡ
һԵĸо˺ʬľı仯ָһ㣬ʮ׻ʽƺ˺ʬʣɫĽն˺ʬʡ
СӣȻҷʬʴŭⶤ׮ǺķѪȻһϣúʬð̣ͬʱҲᶨҪȡڵ֮Ѫľġ
ԪӤھ˵ˣԪӤǻпܽڽ£ĸ󻼾Բš
ʬһǧϹȻҲ֪Ϲʱ޼飬ϳ֮ѪҲʲô顣
֮Ѫʿ˵żֲЧãϵѪҺѵá
Ǳʬʵõ֮Ѫܹǿķпܽ˴ƻƿ˶ĺôԪӤʿһУһˡ
䣡͵β˲䴫һɾҵʹ
ʬʾȻβ׮Աˣⲻ֪ںʬڼ˶ķԱɲ֮ǰǱڽܱġ
һһԱ׮˿ֲʹӵѪ֮ҲгԲ
Ҳû뵽ʬʾȻܿٵķ֮³һ
һ·֮ʿڷµӡҲ漴ʧҲ֪ʬʵʲôطȻԱ
ߣűըӵͣʬﲻɵһ
ʹӵ֮Ѫӵ֮壬صҲֻ·һ
ǿŶβ֮ʹڵѪתѪ֮˿ھȻ˲ͽ̣Ѫ֮£ըٵ徹Ȼһһĸԭš
ͨصƿҲֻеһ;ˣͼ̳еĿѪ֮Ѫ֮еѪָܳҡ
͵ҲڵѪѪһһ㣬ھܹ֮ȡѪ޵ĺܡ
ͶʡãܲþãȻһʼʱʹѪĻʬʿҲԲ˶ߡ
֮Ѫ൱ϡ٣ѪŨ֮أֻ֮ܿеѪ龧ָˡ
ȻѪ龧࣬Ҳ𼸴ġ
ʬһһʣĸ׮Ϊŭų͡
ʬʿɲǸճͷ࣬ȻָĻᡣ
ܹص֮»һ㲢Ҫ
Ҫǣͽʲôܵõһʬ֮Ȼ֪
ûиƵʱ䣬ʣĸ׮Ĺƾͽǰ
䣡һ޴Ӱ͵ǰ˫סĸ׮Զ׮Ȼǰֺ
ǡϹޱϾԳʬһ
ϾԳȻټǰһֻһͷްˣͲĶ֣
ҿ׮ʢſǵѪڣһҧСӵĻڴ
С츳˵״ʱҲһͷްˣЩ׮ʵʵļޣͷԸһȻռ˱ˡ
𣡡Сŭһϵɵļ˼֣徹ȻʼŤ
ôʬһ𣬹Ļļ֮Ҳܹȼġ
ǽղ˴ӣԺ¾͸Ӽˣʬһ
ĸ׮ͻȻһⶤ׮ڲȻĸ룬Ƕ׮ɱﵣ
ӲĽƳɵĶ룬䴩͸ԽʱͶ
𣡡Сһһеĵ͵ǰ޴徹Ȼ͵סĸ롣
ʬʵּĺݶĸ뼸ǳ͵ҪȥĸСӵ࣬Сӵĸ
Сӡʹ󾪣˲ԼϵƣѪһѪ֮͵ƼԪӤڣԪӤ۷壬ԪӤڣ
⻹û꣡
ת˫֮вѪ˿ǵһγͬʱתѪ;ת
ǿҴܣֽȻͬһ֮͵ҲԪӤڴԲĵزͺʬʲ£
ⲻܣʬ־ŭ
֮ȻһЩ˲ʵطҲûôŰֱӴԪӤԪӤڴԲ
ʱѾ˰˰״̬֮ʮ׻ʽѾѹһ˫ֳֽ־׻ʽϵɻ꽣
һһֲĽâ͵Ŀ֮¾ȻںһϽɫĽâƺҪһƬ˺һ㡣
ֲƾȻʬѹƵĶã
Ҳһסһâʬһ˿˫죬һ˫޴ӭһϽɫĽâ
䣡ϽɫĽâЯ֮һ̴˺ʬʵƣâֱӽʬ룡
ȿȿȣͲҵĿһѾļޣǿתѪѾ˲Сĸټ֮ǰĶ׮˺
ʱ͵ǧٿҲΪҲΪ̣
СӣסһҪסͿѾָԭȴССӣһƿƿʯͬҪǮһСӵĿС
붼СӵҪСûеѾǲеĴˡ
Сһ˵УѾСӵԼˡ
˴СӸΪ˾ԼӣҲ˲ò鿴ʬʵȫСӡ
ʯ鲻ҲǷͬһ㣬ƿʯ£СӵҲȶȻĸ뻹СӵƻСӵ壬ٱסСӵ
ֻƻָ֮󣬽ⶤСӵȡ
ááҾԲŹ㣡гĺʬʾȻûȥǹӲдڡ
һʬʵش궼ƻ߰˰ˣϵɻ꽣й
ʬʵڳʧȥûע⵽ǣʬʬ֮һīɫѪҺ֮У漴ʧĸɸɾ
һīɫѪҺǺʬʵԪӤڣʬʲһۣ¾ȻܽԼԪӤѪҺ֮Ӷݡ
ʹӵȥ֮ҲΪ󽵣ʧȥʬ֮壬ʬʡŶӦóΪˣʵҲ͵Ķˡ
΢ָһԼ֮󣬱ǰУݱϾǺʬʵĵ̣ڵһԪӤʿпԲ˶ߡ
ʱǾͻͣСӵҲ̫ã


379 ׿
ݣžĻ֮е㣬ԪӤʿļҪԶԶݡ
ҪݿûԪӤʿ붼Ҫ顣
ʹôһλԪӤʿҲˣӵԪӤʿһϦ֮䱻Ҳʲôϡˡ
֮һ仰Ҫ㣬ͱóӦʵ
ݺô󰡣Ѿ˺üˣȻûеѩ濹һλŮ
ߣһɫҲǿЦҡҡͷݵȷǺܴ󣬼ݼҪһЩܹƶĴ˵һ㲻ˡ
˾ǣ˵ΪңŮΪǵ͵ףֻ˲㡣
ԶΪȻҴݣֻ˵ǲ֪ˡ
ϼûһ˿Ѫɫ԰׵Ӽһ㣬Ȼδ
ʵµĶȻǴӼݴͶͺСѩ
ͺʬһսˣڵľһͿܹõҲֻˡ
Ⲣζ۸ˣһ⻯ʵҪǿһ㣬һ⻯ܣҲǵʮ㡣
Сӵİ֮£Ҳõ˿ƣĸҲȡ˳ɵ˺ȴ޷ڶʱ֮Ȭ
һ֮СǲܷӶôǿսˡ
СƺҲСѩж࿪ˡ
Ҹջס˵ɡεҡҡͷ
ʱһڣ˵Ҳʮ֮һĵԺһܣʬħЩɲ
Ϊ߲һܹ٣ҪٵĻͱһΪٲȻһ͵ˡ
жôǿʵͲȤǶҲŰˣҲͨ뿪
ȣݵĴֱСӹҼˣ֮ĲѾԺĵز
ڵĵطǴһǳذˣ֮д޵ϢȴζһԪӤʿ
һǳرһԪӤʿ򣬴кֹǧ٣һƵĻپаԪӤʿ
ԪӤʿʲô
½ڸ׳ҲδҳʮԪӤʿȴóһٶԪӤʿ⻹ʵʵֲ̫ˡ
ѹʬԸڼҲݡ
ͿЦһݲΪʢ֮ء
ѪħܹݣҲֻ£Щ֮еĸֳ֣ʬʶҪɵ֣οѪħ
һջҪһϷ
ŨһССĿջ֮оȻ˾ľ󣡡δ뷿䣬ͱܸоǿֲֻٶ屶
˵ƹ͵ľһһţ
һۣûн뷿֮бܲĲͬǷһᵤʿһ㶼֣һʿôе㷢ʡˡ
һʯǻֵ͵һЦ漴һ¶˲伱ߣһŻ˳СѩֱûСѩ֮С
Ӧûʲô⡣Ͳ˲ͷĺˮƼȴܺķڽֻΪ˵̫ǿˡ
ݣ˵̫أһľˣ˵ʮˣ˵ʬҲֻǾʬħڵһ֧ˣǿʵͿɼһˡ
ͿľҲֻεҡҡͷһʯڣ޸ڵľ
ʯ飬Ȼ鷳ˡ΢΢̾˿
ʹʯ˵ҲҪһ²ָܻҲ׼ʱ׿Ǵϸ£Լ˵
Ҳ֪׿ûǧ¥ҾͿԺҶ㱨ƽˡСѩ°˵
ǧ¥ǧ¥Ҳз¥һ
ǧ¥ܹѾǺ˲ˣݶз¥Ļ̫ˡ
ʲô¥ǧ¥ı¥ݺòáҶһٶǰͱٻرңҲôįˡСѩһۡ
ҶϤ롣
ҲΪˣȻ߶ӵгļҪƾһ־һҲ̫Ϊˡ
ߣһǼҶ㣬ˡСѩĿͣƺͷʲôһ㡣
̲ס˷ۣԱĿ֮УСѩֱš
ȻѾԪӤڵʿڸ滹һƬհףȻһ֪СѩڳԴף
СѩΪλԴףһҲֻСѩԼ֪ˡ
һսǿˣͿŵֻ֮ʣһ˿Ѫ̾һ
ʬʵĴ֮еĶ٣ԪӤʿȻȥֲ͵ʧȻͻҪҸطˡ
Ӵ֮óһƷѪ龧ͺеѪ
ƷѪ龧ѪģҲ֪Ѫû뿪ѪѪ֮еѾʣµĳŲ˶õʱ䡣
¹˼꣬ӡѪͨױͻʧǴҲᱻ֪
һ뵽⴫ҪԲͬļƷʯ;Ͳһ
Ʒʯ͵ڶûһ飬οԵļƷʯ½Ѫ׳Ҳδܹյó
һ˼֮еľƷѪ龧һѰװ׵ķĩ
Ҳ⣬óһѪ龧
һ¼ڴ֮жȹġ
˵ҲûʲôĪ˵һ£һٶҲйСѩͲˡ
Сѩְܹ¾ѾǼˣСѩܹᵤҲһ漣ˡ
£СѩҪץˣڻеСӶ֪˶ٱˡ
ڷ֮в˽ƣСѩ͵͵ȥˡ
ʹ֮֮󣬵һۿıСѩԹСĿ⡣
ͿЦҡҡͷСѩԸʵǲʺ̤һ;
ҳȥɣѾķ֮дһˣˣСѩ
͵˵ͷһµѾƺõ߰˰ˣԪӤڵΪԱҲǴ´ˣοҲʶһݵķյϧҩٺòˡ
Դ̤ԪӤ֮Уʼնһٶš
ܹں֮¶Ľ
ͼΪܣ̫֮ܣܹٳһĻɶмİ
һٶ
ߣҴȥ䣡ʹһӣ֮ڵĽ˲ʧĸɸɾ


380 Ů
׿ȻֻǴһУ䷱̶˿ڴ֮£ȴҪ
ҾȻ͸Ϊƹ񿴵߳ŵһ
һ֮ǰͲһڵʿȴ͸ԷΪ
μǰƹ񹧹һ
Ȼ͸͵Ϊֻ֤͵Ϊ֮ϡ
ǰݣƹﻹ治ζ
Ϊ˲ʲôС֮еӵܣʱɫҰҲֻȰˡ
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һڣڡЦһ
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ߣһǳģСģôһֻŹ˾ͲǵķС椻ôˮ飬ѺȥСҲһ׮£ͷʿƺѾСѩתлˡ
һڿˮСѩòȷʱУСѩϻɢһѳʣһȺġ
˿ûвԼȻվһԪӤڵʿ˵ĶԻһֲ©͵Ķ֮С
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΢΢һ˲˾Ѿĥ˷ˣɻҺڸոһѾû˵ĵ֮С
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ʲôȥˣΪ֪ʱСѩͻȻðһ䡣
һ㶣֪ոҳȥˣ
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Ȼ㲻˭СѩİԼͷ
ŶôֵģЦ
Ů˵ֱСѩصһЦ漴Ͳͣڸ̯λ֮ε
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ҲֻˣҲҲʲôʵˡ
ĸʿʱѾ촦˰ɡ
һ޷죬ʹǳҲҲκ˿Ҳ͵ˡ


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Ϊͯһ֮е̳ͯųţܹ֮ͬʤָ
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鷳˳һֻϵĺһһУͬҪһ㣬סĻ档
ոջƲĻ棬ȻôϨˣ
׷˳һĦһֶˣôҲˡ
ÿٶȣ׷ʹʱ׹˸׳
Ҫ׷ȫʩչ׻ݵͣɲһ򵥵飬ʹĦҲֻĿͺǵľԽԽԶ
ǴʱҲп˵ֻԼԴҪըһ㣬ͨȸûִ֮ʹԼʵ˼ˡ
ʱʶѾشȫǿһǿгš
ƬʲôͷȻô׷ɱңѾϵƬ޵ˡ
һƬҲ֣֪֮Ƭ֮ⲻϣܵﶼᱻ˷֡


384 ؾ
ѣٲĻֻΪʬˣʹȡ
ʹҲ󲻾ζˡ
⻯һڣͱϸΪһͣҲκεĲӰ죬֮Ķκβ
ǵ򲻵ѵĵزʵǲһ
ʹ֪һûκεĻһ뵽Ҫİٶ壬ʹĵ׾һִֵС
ѣǰһǧһͷ˵
͵˵ͷϹһٶȲɵּӿ˼֣ڵ״ܷһǧﻹһء
¡¡ͻȻƮһƣ֮п񱩵׵֮ϵķ
ߣȻҵţ֮д
һֱԽһƣʧʡ
ʵҲ͸Ա֮ԣԱ⡣
Ҫ취һֵĽɫƬͼ¼
ȻĦôƺһƬģ͹ξ֭Ҳ벻κιͼ¼Ϣ
䣡֮д޴ĺ֮
ȻЩʿѾˡ
ûа취ɫƬĻôһж׷ˡ
ͼ¼ʲôһֽԼĳ嶯ɫƬʵ̫ˡ
飡㵽֮УһҲֻһ취ˣ
֮ʱ޿̶ڰͣкüζƾͶȹѹء
Ҳֻܽϣ֮ˡ
飡ֻһ˲ʧ˿С
ҲʧӰ٣׷϶ʿһ˾Ȼôƾʧˣ
ѾգҵѾɣ¶˵Цݡ
ʱɫޱȵĲ԰ףıӰҲòȱȫԶʮԪӤʿΧȻܹôʱ䣬ʵ˷˼
⵽ʲôô򶼴˳һһdֽ⽫ѹ˵ϡ
ĦµͨѲ⣬˳Ħ֮еٮٮߣΪóıѹ
ƺСӵĻ˽᲻ȷ˵
⻯һͨ𣿼ʹĦ֮Ҳֻһ⻯ͨ⻯ʵôܱȱҪǿ󡣡˷ʵ
˳ҡҡͷһҲ˽⣬ʱѾʧȥ͵Ϣ
ҪҵǴ롣
⻯Ĳϲ򵥣˺ȻҲֻ𣬶޷ƻʵ벻֮ʲôֵز˳˵
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ʿҲɢȥһ׷ɱŪĻͷβģʮԪӤʿȻһ˶òסһǶˣ
֮УȻǽ졣
ԵˮҲ⶯ѣĿ͵֡
磬㵽ôˣԵ̲סʵ
ͿЦҡҡͷһķԼ֮ʩչһĽƣͼһѹ
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ţȻѹˣһ
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Ħˣһ˿֮ɫ
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ڵĵ֮ѹͼ¼ֻҪͼ¼֣ǹ֮ȴû֮ء
ѹֵתͼǿѹͼ¼
ͼ¼ǿԪӤڵΪѹƲǵˣǿת͵Ҳ˲Сĸ֮ϾȻѪ˿

һ˿Ѫ˿ͼ¼֮ʱһ޵׶һ㣬ȫѪҺʼͼ¼ۣ
⵽ʲôʹ󾪣ͼ¼ȻѪҺ
ͣͣʹŭٶȥһĹȫѪҺᱻͼ¼ɣ
һ˿׻ʽϻһгԼұۿȥ
һޱȵĹϣʹԵԵˮ޷ֹ
û뵽ǣԾ׻ʽ֮Ȼ޷͸ԼƤ
ʹŭͼ¼Զĺ·Ͼˣ
֮;ԼʶʼģˣôȥĻΣˣ
磡ԵһָԼĶһʱѪȪӿ
ͼ¼ȴ߲ܣ˭ѪҺղ
ˮҲǳԼֶһʱѪڿлһĻȣͼ¼֮С
ˮԵ˵ļ룬ѹ
죬Ѫ֥һУҩ԰֮мǧϵѪ֥ǰ
Ѫ֥ҪЧǲѪݴﵽǧϣ䲹Ѫ֮ЧǺˡ
ԵˮҲ飬ֱץһѪ֥ͽ
ôѪҺͼ¼Ҳʼһ˿仯ڽɫı澹ȻֳһѪ˿ЩѪ˿·һŵͼһ㣬ͼȴǲġ
ͼ¼ϵҲ˲٣
͵ͺһʮ׻ʽͼ¼һ
¡ҵ˲ͽԵˮ˹ȥ
ͼ¼漴һΣͺʾһֱӽͼ¼˺֮С
ͼæԵˮеһʯ飬Ƕ˲޴֮Ͳһ
ͼ¼Ȼ׻ʽѹţֲȻϵķ
Ϲ֣ʶһɨͼ¼֮оȻһƪϹ֣
ͼ¼һŵͼһһһĶ
Ͷͼ¼Ϊλʼոе⣬һѪҺ
˽ϹֵҪͼ¼֮еֲ⡣
ͽϹһһ䷭֮ɫ˺ü顣
ʶԼͱˣѹʿǷһҪȡеͼ¼
ͼ¼Ȼһܣǹݵһʥܡ
ͼ¼һоſ飬Ϲžޱ䣬һͼ¼˾ſ飬ھݸأ
˵ʹʥҲһֱѰſͼ¼ԭͼ¼ǿؾԿףҲΨһԿף


385 ʮԭ
ؾŷľܣֻҪõеıɷ磡
Ϲʱڣʥ½Ĵˣ֮ŷͨ
Ϊֻ׻ͨͨ磡
˵֮ٶǾݵİٱǧЩѾﵽ۷ʿױȵջ
ϹŴ֮󣬿ؾԿͼ¼һΪţʹؾʥ޷
ʧȥؾһ֮ͨʿҪֻƿռļͨռͨ硣
ΪȴǾһʹǻڵʿҲ׳ԣҲֻдﵽڵʿŸһԣǳɹҲֻ֮
ԪӤʿ׻Ѿĸˣжܹһأ
Ȼ֪֮ƿռǾһһЩԪϹҲƴһԡ
ϾԪľòƴһҲܳɹ
磡¶һ˿֮ɫͽʱյļʶȻ֪һޱĽ档
ȣһֱ֮ԺԲˣ
ؾԿףͿȻڲϷͼ¼һ
ȻһѣҲδһ磬;;˷ܡ
Щˣ֪Ƕҩǻ̲סȥͼ¼֮һ
Цһ֪ãȻ֪ˣͶ϶ûзŹͼ¼֮
飡ͼ¼֮ʢȻѹס˾׻ʽ
ѹʹһ
ಣ˭뵽ͼ¼սһȻֱͶ
ʹʧɫʶͼ¼Ŀֲ֮ﻹҺͼ¼Ӳ
ͼ¼ٶȼ죬ͶӦ˲͵ĵ֮С
ͶԴҲǾȲѣͼ¼ȻԹԵ֮Уﻹиղŵ
ͼ¼ȻҲ˲õĶپ׻ʽȫ֮£Ī˵٣һ˿ۼû¡
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ʹõõͼ¼Ҳһķˡ
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ͼ¼ΪλжӣǾҪ鹦ˡ
֮ʱħܿϴһ˿֮һֻΪʿ˵ֱǲܵ顣
ħΪת
һ˿֮Դͷˣôڵ֮Ѿǽȣ
ͼ¼磬֮ȻޱȵУ˲Ż᲻һе͵ϣһͨͼ¼֮
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΢΢̾˿ʱѾˣҲͼʮʱ䣬⻹ĦûʲôͨڵʵҪӲĦ½ǳ˵Ρ
Ī˵Ħ֮ûлϹ򣬽ǷһͷξʿĦûֶζԸ˵Ħˣܹ۰һĳɣһССԪӤʿܹġ
ΪﵽĻǻһܣ
ǣʮ֮׻
ζô룡
ȰСѩ͵ѩ濹˵ɣĲĲˣ΢΢̾˿
ʦ˵ѩ濹ѲҲ֪Ѳʲôز
˳ļܿҵ˱һɽ֮еСѩ
ǿĺ͸սɽ;̲סһ
ʹ󲽿ڵĻͣעСѩڣѹⱬĺ
ʦССѩڵĺΪԼСѩڵķӡԽ⺮ѹ꣬˭뵽ȥ£⺮һα
ѹԽܣҲԽңһκ֮ѸҪԶԶʤǰΣСѩڵĻͳдҩٱһ˲䣬СѩԱ⺮ɱˣ
⺮ʲô޷ѹƣһӴϾ亹ֱð
⺮֮һڵ֮ʱֱ޷ͬն͵һ⺮·Ѿ˱飬ԪӤʿԵ
СѩᵤʿҪܶôʹ࣡
СѩڵĺѾ˿̲ݻĵزˣһαһǿѹһεĻҲ췦ˣ
ݼ֮أʮıѩ֮أ궼Ǳѩ죬Ǹֱϵֲ޵ã
һֲʹʮԭΪһء
ѩ濹ʮ֮ھţȻףȴ˸Сԭɡ
ֲı֮һ־öֳһƿ
ѹѡȷǺʺϱʿͿããԭ뵽
ȻҲһ˽ɣһ㣬ͽ͸ȥ
ʱѩ濹һݶ֪
ڱϵʿ˵һأǶʿ˵Ǳѩˣ̹ǵĺ缸Ҫ˶ɱ顣
ΧſһɫķΧıѩ˲㱻ڻ
͵Ϊˣ̹Ǻ˵ûʲô
ϻһкСѩǱ⺮һʹڵĺǰĻͶ޲ˣ
ԭ֮洦ɼһЩСޣѩãѩЩͨѩ濹ʿбõ
𣡡һͷԭѩܾ޴Ȼأ
ϧˣͷԭѩҲǶ۷ˣƤëҲٸʯ˿̫ˣֵҪˡһü۵ʿҡҡͷ
ˣҲ֪ԭǶ۷ޣܹɱѾˣոշǼԭѩܡһʿһ
ǣǣһջɲһͷԭѩܵʬ壬ԭѩ̣ܵõҲһСأһŮһֻѩ׵δ۵Ц˵
ѩ濹ʿһС壬ڱԭɱ䵥ޣɷԭѩܵĳѨڷ䣬ԭѩܷһɲǳֻɱ
ԭѩܱϾҲǶ۷ޣС˵ȻѿеĹͷĥ˴Լʱǿԭѩܻɱ
ü۵л飬ŻڵΪ
һͷڵΪҲһСӵĶӳ
Ů裬֮ãڵΪ
㽫ԭѩܵʬǱŵѪζ
黹δ˵꣬һͷıԭѩܺ۾˹
һѻ죡һ
Ҳ֪ЦһԼ޲Լһơ


386 ѩ濹
ãͷԭѩһͷԭѩܵɷɱ޶ӣԲŹǵģ龪Ŀͷ˫ͨıԭѩܡ
죡
죡
輸ͬʱ˳
Ҳ֪ѻǲô飬ͷԭѩܵĿĻС
ʱŻδ۵ıԭѩ̡ܵ
󣬻صѩ濹һҪ˺죡һ
ܣԭѩܺŭǲĶ֣еıնһĽâʱסԭѩܵĶ
ԭѩܿǶ۷ޣǵʵҪɱһͷĹǳ˵Σֽ֮ҲֻƴˣܷҵͬȻǾ·һˡ
һ˦ɫԲ鼤
˲𣬱ԭѩܵĶҲΪ֮һͣǺܿԭѩܾ޴ƣЩĳ˷ĩ
ҲʹޱȣǮչģһȥʹҲʹѡ
ԭѩٶôô죿ŭ
ѻ죬һҾԲҪһˡ
ף̲סг
죬ѻұ죡
ǣԭѩܺһ˰ָããѩ֮еĺӰ˵
ģˣһ˿ϲɫһ
˭˾ʹһ˿ϣ
ǰͻȻ
䣬׷ǵıԭѩܵͷ­˲˼ң
ɺ˫۵ͷ­Ľ£һͷԭѩܿ˵Ŀˡ
ѩ濹ĵӣ
һ̲ס˼һϮɫʿ
ո֮⣬ǽһգ۵ĹѾǰ⵽ʲôٶȣ
ǣǾѩ濹ĵӡ˵ͷ
ʿϲ¶һ˿Цݣҵˣѩ濹ٴǰȥ
˷֣˵ı󻹱һŮŮɫҰףȻˡ
Ҳ֪أܹһնɱԭѩĶ۷ޣȻҲͨʿпǽᵤڵʿȻҵ
æԭѩܵʬ֮ʿǰѩ濹
ԭѩܵʬ൱ͷն֮⣬ȫƤëνȱֵԶ֮ǰնɱͷ֮ϡ
һǧʯЩʿ˵ҲһʲСˡ
һ·Ҳһ˿쳣ԭ֮ȻʲôյأǻǻһЩεģǴӸոտʼһͷ޶ûм
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Ǿѩ濹˰ɡͿԶȫɱѩɵı̾һ
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ⱳŮȻѩ濹ҽˣ
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⿴Ƽ򵥵ı֮Уȴ˴󷨣ĸ۵ʿӲе󷨣ʹԪӤʿҲ֤޻ء
Ǵɵĵ̣ҲѹСѾͷԺˡ
֪ǺηҪ
μǰһưʿ˲һ
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Ȼ䣬֮е¶Ϊ֮һ٣͵Ϊñޱȣ
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Ͳüͷθоѩ濹ľı仯
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ΪŮӣѩ濹ʵ
кѩ濹ڱ֮ƿ˫ϣѩ濹ܹڵĺĳԸ⸶ӦĴۡ˵
㸶𣿴Ů֮Ѿ°꣬ʹѩ濹Ҳ˵ܹѩ濹˵
üͷһ壺κδĳܸ𣡡
ôĿҪأѩ濹Цһ
һ
ѩ濹ڹΪǹԸ⣬ֱӾܾҲһ˿ŭѩ濹δҲ̫ˡ
ֻһ䣬ŮӺʲôϵ㾹ȻΪԶѩ濹ҽ
ֿѣ
ѩ濹΢΢̾˿ŮѾθ췦ˣ
ΪСѩһѩ濹εҡҡͷ
޾ȡʵ
޾ȣĻоȣڣѾ̸ڣһ֮ڵһȥˡӦǸʲôҩɡѩ濹ʵ
Ҳûа취Ͻڵı׳ҵǿԸһ֮֮ͻȻһ
ʦѩ濹һû뵽Ѿѩ濹
𣡡ɫһ䡣
棿
Ȼǵ棡һŮӳ˴֮С
Ӳμʦ
ˣǹˣͲд˴ˣŮ΢΢һЦ
ã㣡Ҳǹ֮ˣʧȥȻʵ½Ҳ޷ܡ
ֻһɭ׵ĻڿһöĻ


387 
⿴ìܵĶߣʱȴںһ
ǻ棬ȴޱȵı֮ڶʮһı
ѩ濹˵ʺǵ
ϣҲֻܷɵʵѩ濹ʿȴܷӳʮɵ
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һֲǼֲĴڣĪ˵֣ͨʿܹһѾˣʹѩ濹겻ȻҲֻһˡ
ڶʮһѾ൱ǰˣѾ㹻ȡκζˡ
ڶʮפյŮ¶һ޵Ц⡣
פյһ
פյ֮һصĺܺã֪פյ֮һֶֻó
Ůӵ֪ģɻ
İ֮䶼ܱڶʮò㹦פĻôȻǷפյˡŮƺеɻ󣬳Խ͵
Цһƾһܲ³ҷùפյ
ƾһȻǲ²ŮӵһЦ
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ǹһᣬ͵üͷչפյ֮ȫΪⵤʧˡ
ЧõĻҲֻһЩŮ޲Żȥע⵽ˣ޻עԼݵġ
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ֻŮһ˦һȫƳɵı˴֮У漴һ֮Сѩ˱֮С
ôֱʣͰ̾һ
ܹ֮һ´ó˶Ҳֻѩ濹һˣһȭͷСҲټƱϵļƷϰƳɵıףֱҲһ˲õķˡ
Ȫĺ̫ԵֱӽУһϢĹᱻɱ飬ֻͨ⺮ƳɵıкȪĺŻﵽѹںĹЧŮӽ͵
͵˵ͷںһ棬ܳңȻŮӡ
ѩ濹Ů뿪֮ͱһķ䣬ִ˼ƣⷿ
ڵΪԪӤʿ޷ƿ⼸ƣ
֮Եˮ۾
ֻʱϷʢһͷƮݵ˿Ƕϲˡ
ӣԵһ
͵üĴһöȭͷСɢǿҵķ⣡
͵˵ͷ磬׼һ߻ǡҪĲϡ
㲻Ѿһ߻𣿡ˮʵ
ѹˣһ߻ҪǾ߻͵˵
һ˾Ȼӵ߻ʵδţ
Ĺ⣬һ߻
ΪԪӤڣͬԡֻϵġתȴ޷ˡҡҡͷ
Ͳ˽⡶תҪϵȥѾﵽڵԵˮ˵δҲ̫ʵˡ
ͱȡһαͽľȻ˴λҪеһöԪӤӣƻɲһӾ㹻ġ
һöԪӤ֮ķŹʲôͲûп̽
Ϊ֮м¼ĹһԵģһͿ̽ôҲһöͨˡ
Ƴɻкܴļʿûеͨڻ˵һĻͿɲ˻Ļᡣ
ͽһöפյͽˡŮ׳һפյ
ʦѩ濹һ㶡
Ϊѩ濹ǧǾݣһפյѩ濹ҩòָԭľųˡŮ̾˿


388 
ѩ濹̲סߣ֮µĳªһֱʹࡣ
Ȼ⡶ǧǾΪڶ̶̰֮ͻͽʿıϣԪӤ
ҲΪ˸̫̫࣬Ҫǳ޷ܵʹࡣ
񶼼ǵãȪ֮ʱǱĺҪ֮ʶȪ֮С
ûѩ濹Ǵ˵֮еı֮壬ǿ֮壬֮ʲ
ϵ֮ͨʱ˵һǧ
ҲΪһʣŻᱻһѩ濹ҲǰŮӿأǽΪһѩ濹Ĳѡ
֮һΪˣͽΪ֮һѩƮŮʧããԭ֮С
ѩ濹ڵ壺Ƿ񻹼ǵأ
ᵤ֮һȥѩ濹ġ
ţܼѩ濹һѩ濹㡣
ǰǰһ㣬һŮֽѾ˷ˡ
һֱڵ㣬ǵ꣬ȴһŮӶ֮£һξӨıᾹ˳ѩ濹ѩ׵ļ˰ѩ֮ϡ
µĵطһɭȻĺһ׶೤ıͻأĳԭ֮ϡ
ѩ濹֮µ¶һ˿εĿЦһ֮ĺ֢ˡ
ֽڵĺѾﵽһֲĵزʿֻҪһ֮ڶᱻɢĺˣʹѩ濹ʿͺҲҹڿ
ҲһҾֻܹ¶˰ɡѩ濹΢΢̾˿һ漴ʧѩ֮С
ʱţչ֮󣬾һֱûг֡
֮һԼĺͯϵĹһ֮ǰ
һζµľһĺͯȻᶮµľġ
ʹݷΪʢ֮ŵҲǼټ
⺢ͯͷһͷƮݵĳԵø롣
ϸ۲Ļ֮ᷢĲǹͷͺĺУд󲿷ֶǺ⺢ͯһͨˡ
ʹŵ֮УҲһׯϵ顣
ɲͬڷ֮УͷǺˡ
ڷУֻг𣬱ڿ֮˲нȵʸ
ЩȻ˿˲ΪǲԸûʸ
ŵأΪʢ֮أ·֮Ħ±ŵ֮ССͯһޱׯϵķ
ŵΪĽȷݻҪסĴ󲿷ֶǷڵͽ󲿷˶סԺ֮С
ͬʱԺҲǷһΪЧĽݾ
ÿɶŵ֮нЩסķ֮ѡһЩͬʱԵѵĽɡ
һΪеɴѡˣڿûô񷢲ֻҪԵ㹻ôӵнɵʸ
꺢ͯڵһԺĦģҲŵ֮ͬʱܹɰˣ
֮󣬱ǷԵᣬʱӦûע⵽Ұɡ꺢ͯ
ԱߵƺѾϰ⺢ͯΪѾǼ߲ˡ
⺢ͯԺһңȴһԺ֮еķ𾭹żһͨ͸
һĿʮжĶٶȣ⺢ͯڷ𾭵˱һ𾭣̺֮ܵĵҲڻͨʹڴ˼Ժ֮пз𾭵ʦ⺢ͯһ
еҲֻ֤һ£⺢ͯķԵãұŵҲ޷ҳһܹƥ֮ˡ
ֻҪ⺢ͯĦ¼ǰ϶飬Ҿǵɱһš
Ҫ֪ͨ͵ңħͬԽԽҪķϣǿֻһ߻ħ³
֮һѤõķ⽫һԺ֣
ţһʱ޷ǣoᡣڣǧʮ˾㡣©޺ס
֮䶼֣Ժ֮е˶ǷҵġϾ֮˱ض֮顣
һЩϻһ˿֣Щ߷Ե֮ˣĶҲζŴ˷ԵĴС
Сөһ㣬γһֱͨ
ԵǶ⡶٤н̶ȣ࣬еõķҲԽࡣ
һڵǲ˾ȻԽķɹĻᵤȻ֮һüɮ˵Ц
ȻĦ֮е˳
ףô£Ȼ䣬˳ɫһ䣬ǲµķ⾹Ȼһӿȥ
Ѿ۳ⶼɢƣෲǿķ˲ɢ
֮컯֮컯˳Եʿ̲ס˳
ǽѾ°꣬ûŵصʷҲֻһ
ɮ
ǿĦʷΪڰʱ̣ĦµɼķȻӳĦ£һս֮Ħ¸־ʧ˵ʿˣǱɮѣֶοɼһˡ
һ𣿡˳΢΢̾˿
ֻµķʱѾȫһͬһöС͵̫һ㣬ޱȵĴۣ
̫Ǹĺͯʱ٤˳µķ⣬Ժ֮лķⶼǣȫ۵һöС̫֮С
ʲôж֮컯
ͽж֮컯
Ժ֮Уͽϵ棬۵ķѾﵽһ˼ĵز⺢ͯĦѡ֮գȻķһգ
˳ɫһ䣬һƬ̹󣬱˻
˳ʦ壬סô˵ԱߵĽᵤڷ̲סʵ
䣬ǴܽķⶼյĻǴӷԵ֮Ҫȷͽǿϼ֣Ħ˵޺˳˵
⺢ͯеľԽԽ죬Ժ֮һ֮в֪˶ķȫſһ֡С̫ۡ
ӺúķԵ귲ͽҲǽԺ֮ʮ֮һգӾȻͼȫԺһķⶼɣ˳һ
˵Ļô⺢ͯս׻ָտɴˣ
Ȼˣͯϲ¶һ˿Цݡ
ЩⲻԵ֮񣬶һǼѵԴķ⣬ƽʱĽػֻнûгҪзע⣬ôĶ֪
ڽ죬Щȫرգ˹ӶĻᣡ
ǽЩȫˣΪֱˡպмĺôҷӡΪȷһ֮٣ͯ뵽
ʱ֮еһ֡С̫Ҳʼ˱仯


389 ֮
һ֡С̫˲âɣͬ鳲һ㣬ƴĳ⺢֮ͯбȥ
ת˲䣬⺢ͯ㽫ķһգ
֮컯Ķ֮컯⺢ͯ˵ķԵҽ֮еķҲһա
ΪĺͯʱΪǣһ㣬㣬㣬ʮ㣬ʮһ㡭
̶̼⺢ͯΪѾﵽ۷壬ͬʱ֮һƮȻ
¡ƺòһף
ӷ𣡡ֻ⺢ͯţһεضͬɡһ㣬⺢ͯ룬εң޷һɫķ֮һ˿˵˺񱣻ĺͯˡ
һʮߵ֮ƺʧȥһ˿һ£⺢ͯΪһαǣδȫʧķⲻϵע⺢ͯڣ⺢ͯΪȶڡ
ӷԵպǰ;˳̲ס̾
Ϊ̶ȣѾܹ̩ɽǰɫģһССĺͯȴ̾ɼ⺢ͯĳжôľ޴
Ȼ⺢ͯ˽ĦµĻᣬĦ·ǵһ˿ĳͷὫһһš
ڱ⺢ͯ˽Ħ»ķˣû˻ͬǣˣҲûʲôñԹġ
ʹĦ½յһͯȴĦ¾
סʦ֣㲻˵İɣȻ˵ķԵȷǸͽҪ񣡡һɮ̲סʵ
̸޳֮ʱɮ֮¶һĺ⣬һֻ۾޳ӳĦµʱ򱻴Ϲģ
޳ڷϵ츳ĦʷҲŽǰҲֻдʦĦѹͽһˡ˿˵
ȴһͯ˳˵Ӳ꣬ȴ֮һǻķ⣬ȻûȫӶᣬķȴ޳屶˽˵
ʦֿǣֳһɮ޳̲סʵ
ס˿յ˵ͷʴϻۣȴǣȻͼʦĦġ䡷ΪУ⺢ͯҲ޳һ㣬ĦҲˡ
һ뵽޳ѱ˶̲סĬˡ
Ħˣס˿գ˽ᣬţ˳˷ǵ֮µߣڴս֮ʧȥһֻ۾
Ħ֮УԺصԪӤʿͲʮס˿ǴʿΪʱĦǿļλʿһʮˣʮλʿĴڣȻ޳ߣʱʮʿ޳Χ׷½أǵûнնɱնɱˣʣʮҲˣмһս֮
ȻĦ֮еĻʿ֣ȻһУȴԻأɮ޳һֻɫƴ˵صס
Ӳ˻ʿһ޳Ȼûǵûˡ䡷֮еط֮زز
ʱǿʢޱȵĦҲһսû˲٣ʮʿʢȴҲˣֽҲֻʣĦ˼ʿˡ
ʿʿκ˵һǿսʹͬʮѩ濹Ҳһܹóʿ
Ħ˵ԶԶ
һͯĳ֣һ⺢ͯ޳һŽʣĦ±ȻҪ㾡ȫ
סʦֹˣӲǰ꺢ͯˣλ˺ݶ˼ֻϤĽ̵ǱĬ֮£ӱȻĦĲ˷˵
Ǵһ˵Ļ˷Ƕ϶ϲ˵˻ΪԷһͯδȫֻԷյӱȻĦĹ
ȽӽӵĦ£˵ɡ˿ε̾˿
ˣĦٳһɮĻǾһƽˡ
ؾ֮еĻʿ֣Ħµʧпܸ
ؾ˿¶һ˿Ľɫ
ǿֻлʿܽĵطǿɽʦٳһƬС磬ʿЧҪǿǧ
ʮ֮У϶ԼؾؾĴСˣ
ؾؾ֮вλðˣһڵؾ;ʬħڵʬħؾ֮ϡ
ؾ֮ؾˣ
ɵֱܿɵڵرһؾҲֻΪ̨ɲŻݳޣǨؾ֮С
ʹؾϵѾϾƾصƣȻܹռݵһûб
ס˵ȽӴĦ£˳΢΢̾˿ֻϷһһɫĽħƳ˽¡
һУ⺢ͯƮ˽ħƣ
վˣ˳źͯ˵һʧʡ
ķ˶ĽĿ˷ߵĺͯһۣվԺ֮оþòԸȥ
⺢ͯĹϵԺ֮еķʧ룬Ϣ˲١
Ħ£ͯһѾܹоԼͷϵԽԽǿˣѾܹжݵͨ
ԵĺͯȻͣ
׼ȷ˵͵һ߷һӺͱϡƵһ߷
һöӵĹϵһ߷һƳͶԷڹͨóڸַҲܾһ
Ҳ֪һöԪӤ֮мصǺֹˡĽһż亱ʶͨ
еڣΪԼ㽫һö֮еͨȡͱ㷢֣⡶ĽҲǼĿ̣ڷѧϵԲܵͣһ뽫ľɲſɣ⡶ľĦ¶еĹʹĦ֮ҲֻкһܹǶϾ⡶Ľһͨͷ
ͱȫȫƷһ֮ϣΪ͸ɴཫһ߷ƳСӣʩطӡһ߷Ϊ׷ӡ
ڵʵʩӵķӡʹЩʿҲδܿʲôϾʶǻ񼶱ˡ
һ߻ҲӵԼ֣룬Ҳ֪ǲΪһöӵĹϵ߻˫ֺʮƣȫһеͷ
ҲΪһ߻һöӣŻɵĻĦ֮Уһõ൱ӣ
ϾҪӴһ߻Ļͱһĵλ
Ħ¿ɲһӵĵȥĻ
ڽĦ֮ижͲûãƻϲϱ仯ЩʱƻԶԶûӦĹá
ңֻҪĦ£Զһ֮еطӳ⻯ѹʱ䣬عʮ굽ʮʱ䣬ȵʮҪõĶˡ
ΨһͲϰߵıʱضҪ˫ֺʮ֮ƣʵ̫Ϊˡ
Ҳ֪ǻôϰߵģ̲ס뵽
֮䣬ԪӤǿԻģռһ߷֮ı͵ԪӤǽ͵ı֮У֮


390 Զ
Ҳ˫ֺʮͷ˳ú⣬һָо޷ĲϣҲĦʦתҲ˵ء
ڷͨĽѾãϾκͷʿ֣˴νĦ±ȻҪúоͨ
ʱһ˱ɶ߷ħ֮պ˵ҲǴ洦
ֻԼһɰķԺ֮յһŷ⣬һŰķûбգǱĬĸı͵塣
Ǽͽķޱȣպڹ˵洦
°빦ɮܹҲǺʮ֮кܴĹϵΪ˷֧ţʹɮܹȺ𣬳ΪĦµһ֡
ǵĻʿ֣ɮпƾһ֮ͽĦ´ݲ
ƾһ߻Ժɮʱδĳɾͺпɮ֮ϡ
ҲĦ¶ְµԭˣϾǿɲһɮˣ
˳ĽħŵؼٷУ֮з޷׷ãĦŵصĵλɼһ㡣
ں͵ţħ廹ǱȽŽģڲҲŵռ˴ĵ̵ԭ
ڲݵĻݵħҲɿš
ݾôһ˷ֶȻǺõġ
Ǵ˵еĦ𣿡Ͱ̾һ
һӴԺƵķ
Ħ¾Ȼɽ嶼У
˳ƺ飬겻ĴӦеĵ̡
ȣҲǴˣȴԵúһӤһС
Ħ£պеĵط˳˵ӷ𣡡͵һڷţеĳȽȥָһƬ
˳ĵ˵ͷӵԶ֮ѡǵõĦµʱ˰ӲŻع
һߵķҴʦĦᣬһִĦ¡˳ָһɽ֮Ϊΰķ
һ̺֮ķǿͲһ
һȣ֮ǰԺ֮һֱһˡ
֮Ĳͬӫһ޴
ˣܹķĦ֮лۣд붼Ħķգɢٷ˸ɽ֮ϡ
ճļҪʵʻˣĦͨٶʮ
һʥضʿĺôˡ
ݣڱĦ£¼ͽķʮ֮߰˶۵Ħ֮Уҵȷ˵Ǵ洦˳͵
ŵɸΣ̲סʵ
˳΢΢һЦŵصķڶĦΪɢȥģֻҪĦ²Ǳɳ棡
Ǵɵĵ̣Ƕ֮컯ĦµȣӶһ˿ֱ˵΢
ѹĦºںԭ˵Ǿţһë
һĦ֮еķ붼룬ĦԸȥĽƣ˭˭
ʿˣ
ӴԺұʦĦŻķɶľϰнΪʦȻᴫһ׸Ϊķ˳ʹ٤壬պ͵֮ء
ոűһʿ̵ĦʷϿǾ޽еģʹɮ޳֮ʱҲһԪӤڵʿָˡ
Ȼס˿յ٤۲켸ꡣ
ɶľͿеö򲻽ҡҡͷһŶɶľѾ˲֪ٱˡ
˵ҪڹȻҪ֮ʣټĦµĻ⡶ɶľȻֵ
ԪӤ֮֮С
ѩ濹֮Уͻ۾Ħ²ʮ֮һǿд룬¾֮ˡ
ɽϵķɲǰ裬ǻ¾ųɵķһ¼ʹǻʿӲӲɡ
ƻĿǰΪֹûǺ⣬ѾĦ֮УȻ޷ȴ㹻ӻѹʱˡ
ڴڼ䣬Ҳ׼ԼΪпܵĻҪΪԪӤڡ
ΪԪӤڣת
һƬк֮ͿеƬ
ȻѰƬ쳣ķӦļʶȻκεĲף
עƬ֮Ҳû˿ķӦ
ˣȲˣŽƬŽ
˻ȻһƬļ񴦾ȻָϻһСڣ
ɲǼ䣬֮Ѫ죬ոջƽƽƬȻɢҫ۵Ѫ⣡
𣡡ͻȻһŭһɫս
ѪƤ
ֻ⻯ѪƬͬʱɢҫ۵Ѫ⣡
ˣͼæſֵЩѪ⡣ѪյҩȻ˲ͱȡ
ڴҩĹע£ڵĵȻʼɫѪһĺɫ
ħʹʧɫ
⾹Ȼڻ֮ħ˼еħǵһ֣ǽڵѪҺȴԳһ
ͻѪǺƣѪҲǵˣƾĽ޵еľѪɾ˽ʱյĻѪ
ѹŭһһħȥھûһ˿ˣ
ϣʮ׻ʽȻն£
Ǽںһħһþ׻ʽˣ
⵽ʲôȻ׻ʽĻ֮ף̲סŭ
֮еѪԽԽǿ֮г˱ħĲ֮⣬еҩʧȥ
նϵɻ꽣նħ
飡ֻһɾϵɻ꽣Ȼֶ
û뵽ǣֶϵɻ꽣Ȼкħһ𣬷·ǲĴһ㣡
ͣͽͼѹ
һȱħ޷ѹ˵ϵɻ꽣ˣ
ǲҶ𣡡һֱ꣬Ӷ㵽֮С
ƾΧȴһɽƱûܵһ˺
磬ôˣôôĶԵ̲סʵ
ˣҲ岻֣ͿЦһ
ҲδţȻԶ
֪˶ãûϢ
Ͳ߳޹ķЦһȻܾ˵³
ͻȻԺ֮дһ
ʱһͱͼɣ
һȣһͷͷϳǵʨһײһ
ʨӣʲôʱֶˣһ㶡


391 鱦
𣡡ͺһΪһ˻ħ֮С
һͷǵʨ漴ΪһϹϵɻ꽣֮С
ոһ̣һĸоԪӤڵΪһȻһС
⻯ѪӦóΪħˣʲôʱһͷ˿ֲ޼ľˣʵ֮ǿѾ˷˼ĵز
СҼͻȻ͵Ժ֮һδǵ
һ𣬲ŵĿϵɻ꽣ڵķ
ԴͷȻϵɻ꽣
㡭㵽ʲô̲סʵ
ҲǶޣǶǣҲǶ
˲ļһͱһ仰ˡ
ޣʲôСϵɻ꽣飡һͷɫʨӵӰ͵ǰ
飡üͷһǵһο顣
Сʲô׵ŵ˯ˣˡɫӰȲĿ֮еʮ׻ʽ
һϵɻ꽣龹Ȼܹɻ֮ף
㣬СôҲѹһͷòѹ۵һˡɫӰԹ˵
һͷָľһͷˣ뵽
ôҲһԪӤڵʿˣھȻɫӰסˡ
Ҫ֮ҲǲУȽǵ˵һ°ɣһħҲ˵һ¡˵
УΪߣ۵Ƕࡣ֪ɣΪ޷ӴôܡɫѪӰǲм
磬˵Ǹ磿һ
Ӵǣ㻹֪һ㣬СʿƵ鱦ʹҲһǰġɫӰһĿ͡
ıƺڸͣҺĤҰɡ
鱦ͲӺףⶫƺû˵
鱦еķЩʿܹ֪֮ϱ鱦Ҳӵķ鱦֮ϱ鱦ɫӰĿͣƺֽѵ˵ĸо
鱦鱦һֻһСƬȻǣ鱦
ħܹϵɻ꽣⣬Ҳһ鱦ˡ
Ķôڷ磿ʵ
⻹ࡣħսһܱ½ħ翪սս֮޷鱦˺üһս֮Ҳ˳˯֮СɫӰǻ䡣
ʱ򣬾ͱˣԱ߻ôһһתɫӰԱߵħ
Ȼ鱦ôȻͬ죬Ϊϵɻ꽣ͨͨ˵
ɫӰһۣÿһ鱦ԼصļΪ鱦еķһ㣿
ͿЦľ׻ʽھ֮Ҳ˲õķˣɫӰȴͬ
ϵɻ꽣ķ𣿡ʵ
ȻУʲôһԵģˡɫӰ
͵˵ͷԼɫӰеõ֮ǰûϢһ֮Ҳ
öʳﰡɫӰ֮еĻ֮оһһԾͽ֮̽˶
ɫӰ̲ס촽ƺ֮׺ζһ㡣
ôϵҾͰϵɻնĵһ׶εĿھ㣬ֻҪ㰴ϵɻնϵĿھһ׶֮ӦܷӰٷ֮һɫӰ˵
ֻаٷ֮һ
ٷ֮һ٣С鱦϶Žǰһĸ߹ڣٷ֮һҲǼƽǿһٱˣ֮ⷲУ˻ʿ޵еĴˡɫӰмĿͣ·ڿһһ㡣
͵˵ͷɫӰƺһ죬˵һ䣬ܱü䡣
ϵɻնϵɻ꽣׵ļ
ʲô֣Ϳ֮еֶʱһͷ
ʹͨϹ֣ǶȴץϹˣ
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ǶҲ֪ڲץ޷Ԫľ֮ǰԪӤôĿ޾ͽΪһˣ
ɶߣҳСںܲˬɫӰһ
Ϊɵ벻޵С㶼³ҺˮҲǴ۽ˣħ֮дЦ
ɫӰһΪκβ㣬һָʵһὫƵնһһصġ
УֲûڵҲԭȵ֮һˡˮ߲мЦһ
һҲǺͨն֮Ȼһѷʹ鱦ǱѰҲܴ
ħƵڣͲʮΣǼʹֻʣһСƬħΪһոµħ
Ҳ֪ǵڼħˡ
Ժʲô㣡̾˿
ʲô㣬£ˮνЦЦΪһڹ޵֮С
УСŲôģ»˻Դ۾ͻȻ˱֮ϡ
ǡһﾹȻôõĶ΢΢𣬼һαƨƨߵĻصϵɻ꽣Աߡ
ֻΪһϹ⣬ϵɻ꽣֮Уϵɻ꽣Աߵıʼɢһ˿˿ɫ׵磬ͳͳϵɻ꽣ա
̫ˣϵɻ꽣֮дˬ
ͷ鵹Ǵһ
½ǽ̸һͷƻҲ֪Ҫȸһͷ


392 ؾ
٤Ѿʮ꣬ʱڵѾﵽ۷壬٤ϷĽѾ׽Ħ֮е˳˷˽ŵĿȫշ롣
ʮ꣬ӾȻѾɶľ۷壬ʱͻƵĿܡ
ʮ꣬ʮĽᵤʿ
Ȼ˵ǰ޹˺ߣҲʷͽҪǿϼ֡
ɮҲڶʮʱ̤ᵤڣʹҲĦ£
˿ʦֶڴʵ̫ƫˣȻ٤ϷĽȫȥ価շ˵ȴȻǷй˷̾˿
Χķ⼸ѾΪʵʣ
¡ڶ
ȴ֮Уûв֮еĽƣ
¡һ׺
û˿ķУֵǱɣ
ӷ𣡡ţһ޴ądֽ
ͬʱ벢ûֹͣա
˿յķԽ࣬պڽӤ֮·ƽ̹
Ħ¿֮еķǧزȻװ״ѵĻᣡ
дǻۣȻýĦ֮лķ˳̾һ
Ϊʦ㿴ʮꡣ
ڷѧ֮ϵ裬ʵǺһʮĺͯ
ڷҵ伮ľУǧصϹﻹҪ͸
ͨÿһͱӦķ֮ϣǿֻ߻ħ
ȴһ·ͨ裬ٶ˳Ϊ֮ȣ
Ħ֮еķӴ󣬽һ٤ϵķѾﵽ˿ֲĵزһ٤ķòĵֵе٣
䣡ճ˼ʼŵۣԴɫĵ֮۳һö𵤣
ԶԶüĴһ漴üľͬһ޵жһ㣬٤ϵķ֮ͬˮһӿü֮С
ĵĳ̶ʵǷ˼
Ħ֮оųɷĦ֮УֵķҲһɰˣջҲһֲ
ڣ٤һѾð޹⣬еķˣ
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漴ͷӿڵ٤壡
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Уһ޴ޱȵУһȫɷɵУ
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޹𣡡˷һ񲻽Щʧ
Ÿʲôڣһħ֪»᲻ϧһнնɱ˳һһֳ־޽ķεض𣬳ڸס޹
Ȼ츳ķ񲻹Ǹո۰ˣȻȲ˳
޹֮𣬾˵ܹ۴ͳȺ𣬵ĦҲƾһ޹ŵؿɣڷչһӺħ࿹ĳ
޹Ȼǳ߳ΣǿԤһһ·Ȼʧɫ
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޹ԭҶΪһ˵û뵽վȻܹۼ
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ԭΪĦܹһʿѾ˲ˣû뵽ؾ֮оȻʿ
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˸˵һ䣬ÿһ仰ޱȵ𾪣
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ڡ⡷ǰԵޱȣһֱԶȻΪּһͨΨһܱǶȻ
ֻҪΪԿɽȻӴһһΪѡ
ʹʵԲĻҲܱȻżĦµͨˡ
ǡ䡷֮⣬ͨǿ
ϴ֮еõġĽһͨĻһĦµͨĦ֮Ҳ
ĪҪʧ֮һ仰֮㳹û졣
һ˲䣬ֻΧķȸղٱ·ڷĺһ㡣
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ǻԵ㹻Ҳܹʮ֮ԪӤ
ؾؾ֮ΪĦµʷҲǿٵͷһ˰ɡ
ȻᣬΧķ
ǰķ·Ǵֿɼ뼫ķڵķԭԽ磡
ӷ֮ߣʵǺ֮д˵̾Ϣ
֮޳й֮޲


393 
ʮʱ䲻ᵤɹҲǺΪ
½ġϵɻնĵһ׶εĿھѾɣѾܳϵɻ꽣ͨ
ϵɻ꽣е鱦ʹӦķ߶֮ԶԶʮ׻ʽõ
⻰ǧŻ֮׵֮ʵ˲٣¼ľϵɻ꽣֮Уϵɻ꽣㣬ҲӵķĶ֮
һͷĸʨӵǺηʥ͵ҲûŪ
Ȼһ죬Ҫ֪Ķ˵ΨԼȴǼڲԡ
ͼ²˵ҲǿϾһͷĸʨӵʵɲǷֹˡ
ټϵɻ꽣飬鱦žԵĿȨǵڹűȽϺá
طȻҼұȻô֮Ҳ൱ټ֮йһȦ֮˵
ңһѨͲЦ
ߣСļҿɴˣºһ
Դ˻֮֮Ѿܳʱ뿪ˣ֮Ϲ
ǺֵĵطֲεҲ¶ļɵ
Ǻ浽ʲôôΣգʵ
㲻ĻԽȥһԣûӡͰһۡ
ֽһʯСӵĿУ
㣬Ȼʯιһֻ̲ס
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СӵԴԣԼȥ
Сӷ߷ߵĿһۣһ̵ûӰˡ
ô˷ѣʯ鲻ҪĻңǿ֮ҲҪǸҵĻһָһСֵԪˡ°Թ˵
ֻҪ鱦ķ˵ĶáƳһ˵
ߣΪСɵϵɻ꽣ˣҿɾͳūˣ±СŲɡͷ
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֪ޱ޼ʣ󣡡һ˵
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а˴񲻾ζſԴ˴ͨ磿
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УֶħմȾһ˿ħϢˣɲǹħ鲻мĺһ
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ˣǰɣЩħԳһ
ûôĵӣҿȻʿĹħ鷳ɻûл
ڵĽȣʮɽԪӤڣʱҲİʮңŴѵʱ׼αƴȥҹħ鷳
У취Ѿ˵ˣͺûйϵˡ¼˵Сһһϵɻ꽣Աߡ
ȵȣƺ֪ʲôͻȻס¡
°һۣ˵Ʒɽȴ֪ⶫʲô
Ĳ֪ʼ
Ͳ֪ɣû˵һ䣬ϵɻ꽣֮С
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ʲô˰ľʶһܼӡô˻ôõľħ黨֮һħĲ·߷ߵ뵽
ҪǵʱⶫĻﻹ䵽Ϊ³̾һһ˿˿׵֮ʼϵɻ꽣ա


394 
ϵɻնһͨǺܿѣͽʱ㽫ɡ
ٶ¶һ⡶ϵɻնȻʲô춯صĴͨǺôҲ鱦ϵɻ꽣׷
ʹ֮Ҳûжܹô̵ʱɹ
֪֮ʱ־ȱȥ˲١
ܹô̵ʱɣȻٲĸ
ЧȻûһʼôˣҲܲסడöȥҲܽ⡶ϵɻնɡ
⿹ҩԵ⣬Ҳ⣬һϺ͸㶨ˡ
ϵɻնһɣ˲ϵɻ꽣̺֮Ŀֲ
û֮ʱܹõ⽣ǧ֮һûУȴ԰ٷ֮ٵա
֮ΪȻûʲôԵĽǡϵɻնɣʵ˼̨ס
ʹĦ˵ĺϻ֮Ҳһһն顣
鱦ݺᷲ硣
¿УҲ֪ʹ֮У鱦ҲǺϡٵģڷ粢һֵܱõ鱦֮١
ڷ鱦඼ʿ½֮ʱЯħսЩ鱦ٴ
ħӵħ֮⣬ʲô鱦ڱƬָܻ֮ģ
һ뵽ħ;һͷħˮ߿ɲô˵Ҳǰģ˿ûмµľ
ǻͣħǺ֮һӣ
ڵĵ֮ͻƻ񣬲뻯񣬼ʹҸ˴ռͨλҲֻԹ
ͶԴֻʼͻƻô򵥣ͻԪӤڰɣǱһˡ
ȥħŪιħѪôѣ˼ιħѪԪӤڻʮþȵġ˵
ħ̫Σգÿ겻֪жʿ棬пɲԪӤʿͰһۡ
⻰ëʹǹ˼Ҳûһ˿ĺת
УЩʿܺ𣿡һĲм
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ǵȻһӦӡ
ͲЦЦȻ浽µĻΪ˶ס⻰Ļͻ˳µ˼
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УЩʿæ𣿡°ͷ­
εҡҡͷ֪ĸʨ˵ʲôнԵҲû뵽Ȼ˵ϻ
ιιģʿ֮мӵ鱦˵鱦ˣҲЩϹУԪӤʿем˵
ңѾϵɻնɣѾܹȫϵɻ꽣ˡȫʢʱڵĹħҳϣȷǺǿǿʿ޷䳹ɱֻܲȡ˷ӡִʩ˵
㻹ʹȥħȣǺʲô𣿡̲סһۡ
ǣ㲻ҪǣħѾӡˣѾˣ鱦ҪնɱһͷħҲⰡ˵ˣֻҪȡξѪֲҪһս˵
üͷòϣ⻰ĸʨ˵ĻôֵģʹǿӡҲ;ƿˡ
˵ͶеĶˡ
ҲͷһȾʹħȵˣħ֮пǳΣԽħȵ˽ҲǴʮ֮һ
ʲôΣգһ֪͸ҴħȣͿɻûçײֵز
ж֮ǰҲҪԽħе˽УȻôĶ֪
޶˽Լյأ޴Ϊյ̺֮ŽԪӤڣͻƻĻĻʿǰˡ
ÿڽħ֮еʿ඼Ǳ뷨ȥȻҲкܶʿض顣
յأҲζŽеʿ̫࣬ĸҩųʱ
ˣħ֮ѰԪҩ
Σһͼ¼Ҳڽħõġ
ҲӦȥħһˣ뿪顣
Ҳϱչʮ֮󣬵һγء
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ιȥ׹ħȵĻռһЩǿǺöͱڱϵ˵
׹ħ֮леһ
Ȼһ֪λϾҿǾǳս飬ۼһһװеĴ˽ħȡõĻ»ܵõٵĵء۾
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ɢҪԪӤɲװûɵ֧֣󲿷ɢ޼ʹܿһҲҵ֮£


395 β
ݴһƬ̫ƽ֮Уݾûôõˡ
壬ʿɺɽǰֵЩƵƵʩѹ
˳һ˽һˣйҲݵıǱ塣
֮ìܾʹڣɱȡ޷²ΪԼʹ
Ϊʳ˫֮ĶԹѾ˲ɵ͵ĵز
ɽ޴ٽ׵ıǾݣʬǧ
ʿݵҲ࣬ʮ֮ٶɳһʿ
ٻɽǾʿ޵Ҫء
ûܹ˵ɽ֮ежٵޣ۾ʿնɱ޵ǲ١
ޱҲ˻óãջɽ֮еѾһ֡
ɽĴԲںЩͼ޵ʿɲòںµӵ
ÿһӵĵһΪЩƴڲһǵѡ
ⳡս֮һֱʹƣһ·˵ɽƾŻɽκͲ󷨲ǿάֲܣ
ٻɽ⣬һ˸߹һ˵ĳšٻɽķߣڡٻɽΧ󷨻ԼһЩֵķֿ֮£ȴ
ȺֻĿǰҵս޵Ĵȴ޶ԡ
޴ȴͻƲֻƺҲ޽ͻȻһֻڻģߵβߣ˻ǻХȻĪĹ֮⡣
Ȼβһеλߡ
ޱ𶯣Ϊ֮ɫǧʿʱ޲ɫ䣬͸ž֮⡣
ѵûпʼж˾Ҫˣ
⻪ɽϲԪӤʿڴʿһûУ
֮Уʮֻļޣûɽʿεֵ
ʲôǼֻļްˣʲôӣһһǿѹ˲䴫ɽԼԶʮͷļ޶š
һ֮ȻͼʮͷԪӤʿ޶󣬴˵ʲô
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̳ϹŽ֮УֵϹŵһɱɽȻֵõۣٶȿνһǧ
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Žڿʮ֮һҾ˵Ž֮пǾۼŴϹŽ޵Ĵߡ
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ޣǿĵطڣǿֲĳɳԡ
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ǰβ͵ĻβҲ൱ʿнᵤڵĴڡ
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ֻǣÿνʱֻһǧ꣬ɱʳڵȴԽԽټЩڵҲԽԽڳΪļ֮Ȼ˲ǣ֪ʳǵڵΪǰģԸǼ޾һݵ׷ɱԾβĴֻϵģʵϣɽʵǿҲβոմﵽˡ
ֻλԪݽߣҲߵΧˣΪֻ߰ļɱ
Ͼû޻ֲֿ޳ɳ
ϵ֣Ϳ֪ĳɳǶôѺΣˡ
ֻβ֮ǰ˶ΪβĴֻǴ˵ˣβôĴڣڣô޹档
Եβִ˵еĴ˵ʱһʱֻʣ²˼֮顣
ֻֻβ֮ȻȫͬͨǰСģ߾ʮɣԶԶվ·һɫɽһ㣬˫ƺֻе
βȻĴڣһ
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βȻͷĸ꣬һϲ׵ɧ꣡
ļȻܹΪΣܹ˵Ҳʲôϡ顣
ֻԼʱ򣬲ŻᷢӳǿԴ󲿷ʱ޶ԱԵУ


396 β
˵ʵոϾβ֮ʱлǴһ˿Сġ
ļ޵ʵȻԪӤʿ൱߽ʿʱȴȻƣϾÿ߶һЩķϰּͨΪĹ֮ͨȽ϶ԣһǿ֮ûκƣͬȼ֮սУߴռϷ硣ʷϣЩɽԽɱ޵Ĺ£ҲȫǴ˵
ȫһβشֻҪβʵһ壬Ҳδûлȡʤ
žβֻļƷ޳ȥ֮ʱĵװƵ
˾֮ٲɣȥͬʱ˫΢գָԭ˿ɢݾȻޱȵ֮ͬʱֻһϽ֮ü֮˲ü磬Ƶڱأɽ˲㻯Ϊһɫ硣
νЩϰطǿһ˵¼ΪǿĽ֮һʹݣܹһͨҲָ
Ϊʮ֮һŽڣ³֮⣬ȻҲûܹɡ
ֻɫγ֮ӳ˫۶һƬɫѹϸͬʱһڹ˫ֻͼһ˫ۻγɣžͼָ΢΢һ㣬ָľβ
ָ֮䣬ǵ΢ĽžβȥֻǽȻ΢ȴǣɫ֮ϼڣؼϼƴ磬ϣھβǰЩͨޣƷƷʱ˴Ƭ
βǰ֮ʱɫҲǷӵǧ˷žβÿһƺŻص
콣췣֮콣ΪǿһС
Ž֮Ȼû콣Ⲣʹûй콣ؼ
ֲʣŽڶһԴˣ콣ͨҲ⣡
ǿĹβߵֻļƷ޾¶ֻ֮ɫæܶܣȴΨоβվԭΡȻϸܷβоȻ˸Ųмͽڵ֮ɫ
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⣬ĽǹűѣʵȴֻԼ֪ܲĵƣ
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׼ֻ޳֮ʱ˼鷢ˡ
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Ĵͣβȴ¶˲Ӧе˼֮ɫţ¶˼ΪԻĻȻ飬Ȼһ˻쳹أź˻𣬾ͼβ˫֮ٵһƻɫ˿Ʈ֮󣬺ܿͽԭؼɫȻɢصɫת졣
Ȼһ˻ͬʱβſڶ³һɫš
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ȴ˭Ҳû뵽βֵƬ֮䣬ȻƵľ𶯣ֱһǱŲ˼ı顣
βаţǿһεͨܽʩչ
ո湥һ˲䣬ȴͻȻ֮⡣ֻеһǿҵΣϮ
ʩչ壬еĳһӡһǿĽâⳤγɣâ󣬷Բ֮ڽǿŰĽâ֮ڣ͸еһʹͬʱһǿײ֮һ΢ĺ˻
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βһֱĿϣȴһֱڹսԪӤʿ֮Ժ
ɽնһ˶ĽâХ
⣡βһ˼
ˣӲɽһϵ˿ڶʱѡ
ƺˣ˰ɡ΢΢һЦ
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ȴЦһɽûĽ۵ĻҲֻһͨĽ
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ԣⲻɽ󣡡ƺʲôʮָĽ漴ת
ͷļƷ޲ס϶¶һ˿֮ɫ
ⲻܣ˼ͬʱ˳
βȻɽַʹ콣췣֮
ͨһᷢӶǿ
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һĽ֮ϿֲĽɽˢˢжϣ
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397 Ŷ
ħȡͿǰŷɥĽأϲ¶һ˿ɵ
ǧ¥֮еõ˴ڽħϢͷǵûоһ˿ɣ鷴ˡ
ЩˣԽ˽ħȣԽֲ֪
ʹվħ֮⣬Ͷ÷·֮ǰһ㣬һɺʼջ֮ȥ
ħΪǿı޴ڵĽƣͿռѷ졣
ãռѷ֮УʹԪӤʿҲֻ·һ
ռѷӰȥ٣ûʿ֪ռѷʲôʱ֣ʲôص֡
ڽħ֮УʱҪռѷ죬ͬʱħ֮дŴޡ
ڽħħӰ죬Щʧȥ˻ΪεĻᣬʵȴֲ
ħ֮еıȷǶ࣬ҲҪûʵȥˡ
ǧħȵʿڽħ֮Ҳչһ͵ķС
֮ⷻεһЩħðյʿ˵˿еʯ
ܹһЩǿķĻܹڽħдļʴߡ
ħ֮ʿΪҲΪ⣬͵ֻ߰˲ңߵĿԴﵽԪӤڡ
ħȻΣգҲʮ֮أΧǧ˵԰ȫģٳʵǿ޺ͿֲĿռѷ졣
ΧռѷĻҲֻ˵ʵ̫ˡ
ħȵķʽҲǶ֣Ȼǿѡһ˽ħȣɻΣա
Դ󲿷ʿѡӶ룬ΣյʱҲụиӦ
һԪӤʿ˵Ҳãǧ¥֮еõϢЩмԪӤʿҪħȣȴʼմղҪԾ͸
Ϣ˵ֵǮĻȷǲֵǮ˵ֵǮĻȴֵǮûܹ뿪
ڵõϢͬʱҲò̾ǧ¥ǿƺûʲôǲܳ۵ġ
˵ΪʲôҪЩӽȥأʵħ֮ҲǺɵɡϵ²˵
Щ鲢ǿһ˱ɵġ͵һЦ
ȷʵȷ˵ЦͬףʹǴʿҲһܰô
ǽħȿɲǺ˽սЩʵǿͿԵġ
Ҳ˵ڽħ֮дŴĽƣЩƶϹŴս֮ʱġ
ͶڽƣһĲ޶оУʹܹѿҲҪķѴʱ䡣
˵Ҫǡǡʱ䡣
Ѿؾ֮пʮ֮ԪӤʱӺͻʱ䡣
ӶУԳÿ˵ŵ㡣
ǧ¥ϢϸѾ˵һȺʿ֮бһλ󷨴ʦֽͨƣ˵һϢ
ˣһ
ʹʶ̽飬ܸܵ¥֮дĿֲѹԪӤʿеѹҸ¥֮еԪӤʿԲֹһ
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⼸ܹڽħȺ꣬ȻͨĽ׹ħѰ
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ͬʱ¥ĴſҲʧһɶ
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¿һ˲ں֮ڣħȶ·һ
һŮУͽ¥һľ
ԪӤڣһ׷̲סüͷ
˱ΨһһԪӤʿһڵķʡ
ǻһޣȷһޣʵ˵
ޣͳһ
ʵһĽޣȻеķͽйء
ǰɡӡ
ǾǣǾͲǣʲôǣë̲ס
԰꣬ҲһҲ˵أΨһһŮȰ
ҪǽޣӾʥëЦһ
üͷѼȻҲֻ֪Ҫһޣ
˵һޡҲ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ޣĽնһ£ҪҵķնĻ͹ɣëһ
ֻë͵վϵһʵ׾Ȼڣ
ͨǺݵĹɷеƣȴҪȹɷǿ̫ˣ
ƺҲĬë󺺵ΪϾΪһжԵȼ֮ãȻĳ
׹ŵˡ͵˵
֪ͺãĽնңë󺺺
һҲһɣ׹ȴһ˲ܹͨϹһǼףˣ
ҲΪϵë󺺲ŻĿˣȫʩչ֮£ܹƿ׹Ҳûм
ǣַҪס͵ĻôδҲ̫Сˣ
꣡ǰϹһëؿڵϳһԼѷ죡
⽣ɻøλķۣ͵һЦ
һпëΪĹǼףͬжһɡ
ë亹ֱոһֻ࣬Ҫ˽һ㣬¾Ҫˡ
ÿ죬ðԵĽʲ̾
ǿǽڳʿ̲סһ
ҲζŸողûжý
ӦϹŽһɡЦ
ϹŽޣڳʿ͵񶼲һˡ
ϹʱڣټϹŽܹϹʿ֮д˴ͷȻ廨ͷ½֮УǿıϹŽޣ
͵˵ͷͬ˷ʵ˵
ã˱ɽħˣʹЦ
һп׵ë󺺴ʱҲָԭȵӣʼһ˿η塣
Ҹһ£ŵĳϣһ׹뻯зָֺë˵
ѣһһᣡ͵˵ͷ
ˮڵˮӣˮƣǶõˮҲǼ󡣡ָΨһŮ˵
һλѣײֶ
ɫһ벻Ϊ͵һ˾Ȼײֶˡ
ײֶóֵߣһ֡
ǽΪԪӤڱСĻ»Դ
Ͼײֶܹܹشᵤʿ飬˵ûʲôĶĻ˭ŵġ
²ţڳϷʣΨһóıǲúͽֽ󷨡ʵ˵


398 
󷨴ʦͲⷮʸ߿һۡ
֮󷨴ʦʦһǼϡٵĴڣ˵󷨴ʦʦҪ٣֮ӳ̶ȱҪӺü
ûȥʮֵı仯
СҲһ˿ʶӵз󷨴ʦרעڷʿˮóƵʿóߵʿ
ҲѹҪһˣŶֻ֮һǿĽˡ
ѩ濹䳤ϣͣóͻϵͨҲΪԼһ򵥵Ľܡ
ѩ濹Ŀ֮ʱ⼸¶һ˿Ľɫ
ѩ濹ʮ֮һȻȻҪĴڡ
ѵļ룬ǳɹļʾʹˡЦ
ħȣͬСɣҴ͵ģԼʹͬһʱ룬ʱҲֿ̾˿
ҲΪͷʹ⣬֮˱ȻԴһЩ֮
ǣǽһ򵥵İ취ֻҪֳǣͻ֪ԷλãԪӤʿֶΣȻڶʱھۼһ
˴ΣǵĿǽħ֮еĺɽֻҪõ⺡ɽ֮е绨ȻҲḨλõҪĶ˵
绨ھ֮;ⷮҲǻ˴ǮŴħ֮л绨
ԲŻ˴󶯸ɸ꣬ټڶʿħȡ
绨綾ޱȣ˵ʿ޷ֲֵĶԣֻҪһ⻨֭ҺȫữΪһ̲Ѫˮ
Ⲣ绨ΪҪã绨ʹõĻһ綾һζҩĻǱʿҩ
绨ļƷ޽ڵĻóһζʿӳԪҩ
꣬һԪľʿ˵⽫Ƕô޴ջҲѹⷮʻ˲һеĽħ֮С
ԽǻþãԽֻҪһʾͻ᲻һеĽץס
Ҫõʲôʲû˵ҲʲôܹŪĻɫ
󷨴ʦڶʿ֮еǳԵĿϾ󷨴ʦ亱ħ֮ǲ󷨵ĻΣճ̶Ƚӣ
ڣȣһ˲˴֮С
һ˱ʧˡ
һͺ΢ʺָʼԼڵ֮ġ
һһʯ£һƬĴ˰ߵĻĲݣǰԶķһƬͰ꣬һӰûм
һŤһۺϲ¶Ȼ顣
治ԶȻһ֮ģа֮㣬ܹͺͺģݲһ;Ȼγ֮
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վڰıԵϸһ£һ˿ɫ
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Ϳһȥ֡һ
ʱ쫷ϯŵϻĴХȥ
˷֮ʯȫһɨƬ̾ͽʯӵ¶˳
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ǡ
һ۾ͿǸ֮γɵģһ뵽˿ӵ״
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ѵһƻĻɵľ޿ӣͷһŻʯϣͬҲƵʯӣֻֻɴСˡʯȡС׼ˡ
ѵϹʿͨ˹
˰죬ųһҡҡͷ
Ĺƫˣ˿ҲʲôԹűγɵģʹˣϹʿͨҲȷ߿ɱȵġ
ţΧʯһȦûٷʲôر֮ͣס˽Ų̧ա
Ӧʱ֣ϲûгִǰĿҫ۵ȡ֮ģǻƵ޾ƣɢ΢΢Ĺ
ͲûгԾĶˡ
ĳֽƸյĽƣڶ޷̫֮ͳȻ룬ͻָһһֻ֪ʱȡɻֱзȥ
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Ȼ˳ֻɵʮɴʱһɫƾ£ûɻϡ
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ȡĲΪͨɻ棬Ȼ޷ֵƵ
·һȥ
ֹķɲҶȫһͷײʲôƻռѷУǴˡ
Ȼ޷жȺδλãԲʿ̫Զġ
ǣϿܵڽһ㣬˵롣
Ǵ˵ͣҲһΧڵ͡
һ˼һ߲ͣԹˡ
Сӣһ㣬ǰһռѷ죡ϵѵ
ͻȻһ٣ǰüͷһ¡
ɫ糣ǰȥֻǶٲ֡
ɳȥɺͣԶһɫ촽
һĹ⻡мͷϸ״ϢڿУûһ˿
ϸϸĴ˴˹⻡һ飬Ȼһֱ̧ճǰһն
һɫɫƾո˹⻡ϿգȻºݺһ䡣
䡱һⱬ
һ͹⻡Ӵʧˣ·һ⻡ȻµڿУ˿ı䶼ûС
͵˵ͷνĿռѷˡ
Եģȴܺöġ
˵ӰεĿռѷ죬Щ鷳ˡ
ҲŸ߳Զϼѷ죬˵׹ħпռѷȷǣһСĵĻ϶Ҫù
ոǱѵĻҲ׵ķռѷ졣
Ȼ
Ȼһζݹ⻮һԲƿ˴ѷ죬ǵļɶݶȥ
Ͳ֪ǣڰķһֺͬǰһСĹ⻡˵ƵĻǹյģϷ͵˿ռѷԱߣƫбʮСɾͲˣ׹ħпռѷ컹ǲ٣ҪӼСˡ
ţɫЩס
ͬ۲ܣʶȷûΣպ϶һ϶ݹһͷɳԶȥ׼뿪
Ȼһ׹⣬;
ҽûз˲һΪĶѿ
ʬŨŨѪ֮䳾ǰĲ벻֮ɫ
γĿռѷ⻪͸
˵Ļͬ޷ڡ


399 
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ֻܣһ˵Ϣıʮָ߳ԪӤʿ޷͸
ڵڶܣ˵ΪԶԶڳʿ
ƣƺǸʿܸȤϱ߱ʿ΢΢һЦ
㲻ãһνСһһܺõĲ𣿡Ƶ¶һ˿Цݡ
ЦǱ߱ʿİÿƿĶĲϵʱ򣬶¶ı顣
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鱦ԲС֮ϾȻһ˿ڣ˿Լٶȸԭ


400 ˮ̶
ħ֮пռѷ켸ǣвᱻռѷɣһʬ޴³
ң͵ƺҲôãһطƺǿռѷļÿ߳һΪ鷳
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ȻЩͽħȵʿһùռѷļ򣬵ûΪָ·ñħ֮С
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ԭΪãȻܹǿڵѪôԼҲȻԡ
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ǲ֮ɫƱǿͷѾֿܹˡ
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㿴棬һϸСѷ죬ǵһ˺ħܶս֮ʱµģ«Ҳһսг׻«ˡ˵
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͸ѰһˮСһ漴һˮ̶֮С
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ɾ֮ҲǼĴڡµ˵
Ҳʯһ֣
ǰɣʯõĶ࣬ɾȣʯҲһõʯͷˡһöССɾȴ뻯֮ˣһ͵õĽѡ
ɾ綼Ǽݳ޵Ķļ֮Ҳֻһˣǵɱһŵģ
½֮УһɾҲӦΨһһˡ
֮в¶һ˿֮ɫ
֮Ƕ֮ãҪ˵ĻԵ޷ȡ֮ĻעһӶ޷̤뻯ڡ½͵
Ȼ»һ仰û˵͵Ѿһ˿֮Ȼ٣ȴĴڡ
ֻһ˿֮Ϊ͵ΪﵽԪӤԲ֮ʱԼȡ֮ˡ
ҲζֻҪܳΪʿôΪʿǰ϶顣
ʱ˵̫ˣ͵ҲҪһǧԺпˣԲŻսħȣȡǼιħѪ
ȴ˸õƷһöɾ;а֮ڽ׻ôҲͲԶˡ
ļƷʯҲյɾӰ죬Ȼܻ˶ļƷʯ˵
Ʒʯٺã̺Ҳɾ̺֮ȫΣ
һεջֱ֮µԤϣǱʿ֪ˣҲ᲻һ׷ɱͰɡ
أôѣʵ
ʱ˾ȻѾˮ̶ǿĲͷʬ塣
ϵĹǺöȫߣζʲô
һ֮ɱͷ꣡
ǵĳν󣬸ѻǣڵȻǵƬ
Ȼˡŭ
ھ֮ҲڼҵĴͻȻʧˣ˰ʱ֮ǲŸҽ󣬶ǿĲͷʬ壬ȴ֪١
ʵǽͽˮ̶ʱ䲻һ֮һĻѰûô˳ˡ
ˮ̶֮ͻȻðһˮ
ͿҲһ㶣û뵽˾Ȼȥ
ѣز¶ͷ궼նɱϹŽ޹ȻǿޱȡʹЦʱεմ˲١
ЦЦҿǷһֽŲǿնɱģ
ˣˮǷʲôöʵ
⼸֮п˵ĵģնɱʵȴز¶õֵĹǶˡ
£ͽö˳
̰Ľлص
һöѣĺöԪӤʿΪ֮
ΪʲôΪʲôΪʲôö䵽зĺ⼸Ҳ˵
Ī˵Щˣ¶ἵ͵ĺϵЩĸʿҪͷĶ
ѣĹǡСĵʵ
üͷһ壬ҲһϸСĶһ
ѱᣬҲǰõѵģֻ빺һˣѾۣܿ걳亹ֱ
ܹһ֮նɱͷ꣬ȻҲɽնɱ
깺͵˵ͷԣҲҪʯͿܲóĶˡ
⣬æԼĴ֮зȥһЩĲϣҩȫ˳
ŶѪʯֶ㶼Сһ۱㿴ڶ֮еѪʯ


403 ħ
ֻ˼ƷʲѪʯ㽫ͷСĹӸꡣ
ȻΪСӵĹϵѾһ룬Ƕ˵һѾ㹻ˣҪʲôҪĹǼ֮Уķ
еȴû˸ҪϾնɱ궼һ˳ǸûҪͽó
ܹһ㣬óĶĶ
Ϳ˿ԼмöƷʲѪʯڱ˵Ѫʯϡ
Ƕ˵ǼѵѪԴ
Ҫ֪Ѫһһ㣬һָ⼸Ѫʯ̺֮ѪҲ΢һ͵ѹ
ֱӱӽ֮УʹǼҪҲδػͬ⡣
ͨȻǲںǱˣһöѿɾԱߵģɾ֮е֮ҲζȻǷƷպҲһս
ѣȻѾ֣ǻǿ㶯ǰɽɡ˵
˼һᣬǵ˵ͷ
Ȼɾ֣ħ֮δûбĺö˭Լ϶أ
ѣһؾҪˡʿ
˵ͷС¾ͰĳϺˡ
ʼԽԽӽԼĿĵأ˿
Ҫɽͱ뾭ˮ̶ͱϿ
Ͽ˼壬ױϿȣױҲȲѪ֮ôֲ˵ĻԪӤʿδسŵ
ײֶ׵һĶΪͨеĿıǽϿ֮еױķ˵һ˫Ӯ顣
ҲΪⷮˣȻܹһĶ˵λԼôôλˮӿҲǵĳ䵱ҽĽɫˡ
¡ԶⱩϿ֮п񱩵׵ĺ
֮֮϶¶һ˿ɵ֮ɫ˿񱩵׵ǱϣζԲܡ
ܼĵطһϵĺõطҲ˵ͷ
Ѫ֮е׵̫񱩣ͲᣬȻˣôҲˣܹ׻ʽһҲá
ѣⱩϿҪˡЦ
˵ͷһһɫСɡڿмٷŴ󣬽˶˽ȥ
Ͽ֮еױο񱩣ɫСɡ֮㱻漴ɫСɡա
ײֶطȻ֮ݣ׵Ͽܳҡ̾һ
ЦЦСưˣ
ţͻȻЦʧˣɫޱȵѿ
ͻȻϿ֮еȻϡ˲٣
ô£ϿӦֻɻĿܡ
ֻЩȫһطۣ
ŭ
ʱͺ޹˼ɵűϿ֮еЩ͵һſ龧漴ӽ֮С
ңͷϣʮ׻ʽҲںűϿ֮е
ʱľ׻ʽȫ۳һҲ˿ʲôס
ͺ˼ɵŭⱩϿ֮оųɵͼȡˣɡŪʲô
˷ŭ֮⣬л޾̰ɡײֶ֮Ҳһ˲õķһ壬ڼȡٶ֮ȴ׻ʽʮ֮һ
Ҳζ͵ľ׻ʽɡҪ̫ˣ
һôôǿԷŭ
⡶ת֮׵龧ַеôЦ
ڰʱ֮Уƾַǧ龧պֻ轫Щ龧ֱӴ׻ʽ֮У⵹ʡȥĿ๦
ͱȽϿˣʱ֮ûмȡʲôɡҲûܵʲô
Ҳ͵Ĺϵʹѹ޾յĶȹⱩϿ
֮пҲֻˣϾһνħȿɲף⼸ǽԴڿˣһλҪҵһʺϴĵطûôˡ
һжΪˣΪһ뵽͵Թ޾
ˣˣǺɽˣֻҪҵ绨ǴбǴ󹦸ˣʼĿԶһƵɽ塣
˾ȵǣɽ徹ȫɰ׹Ƕɣ󵽵Ҫٰ׹ǲܶ˸ߵĹɽ
ɽϻһЩεЩʵ£ʹڵʿҲɱҪע˵
˶һ
֮еߣԪӤΪںɽ֮ǲĴڡһ˵
Ĵڣˣǣ㻹Ҫǰ绨ŭ
ĪȻѲֻҪϢ䷢֣Ȼúϡö֮м˼ҵ绨ĵص㣬Ƕһ¡óöָ˼ˡ
СӣһƺһͷħӡǣԲҪѵ
͵˵ͷȻѾɾ׻ôûбҪȥЩֲĴˡ
ƺЩ˼ȥ¿ųǸǰ
ʼûôȥϾҲĴ⺡ɽ֮ϣһ˰ˡ
һͱϢѰ
˵绨ûһ˿Ȥƭ˵ģϾǿǿԪҩѰĻǶǶԵǶô
ˮԵʣµʱɲˣȻİܷڽʱԪӤһδ֪ǶԪĻˡ
ϧǣԪҩ͵ҩֻܷһΣȻŪ绨Բ⣬ҲǼӵˡ
ҩĿҩԣʹǻҲһƽ˰ɡ
·Ҳ˲ãЩҲȷ緮˵ڵʿҲնɱ
Ǵ˵ежǿͿûȤԣȻ˵ںɽǲĴڱȻԭͿɲһüӣ
¸¸£ɣɣɽ棬һΪܼĵطһƺð
ƺܵЩӰ죬ɢڵϵĹǼܿʼϣһϢĹһüӾͳ˺ɽ֮ϣһ֧
ڵȵ˼ʿһҪǳΪūյЦ⺡ɽڲ
£ӡĹħʲôĴڣʵƺ֪ܶ飬ʲˡ
ӡǺħħ֮жһ֪ʱܿԾһ˵Ĵ۽ӡġµ˵


404 ֲħ
ܾһ˵Ĵ۲ǿӡ⺡ħô⺡ħ𵽵жǿ
磬ʲôΪܱΪܣͻȻһֲõԤС
徳ʿͿԱΪˡ˵
ͿЦһ֮ϱǺ徳ڿ⺡ħһħ
꣡ںɽıһ׵ֱӽȫ˷ĩ
ǸͣҪɱŭһ
ħ֮˵Ǵƣĸ˵⼸Խܵġ
ۺǣ͵ϾȻжҪ۲ķ
һ׵
꣡ټĺɽȻһϸСѷ죡
һƺȻ⺡ɽ֮ðע֮ûĵ֮У
ؼˣĵ֮дһЦ
㡭˭Ϊλҵ֮У󾪣
ٺ٣СӣҿħħΪҵūϱĸħЦһ
漴徹ȻԼĿƣıȻײ˺ɽ
־ŭ
¡ıɡȻԱˣ
꣡ɽϵѷ첻ִ˼֡
ٺ٣һ㣬ɣħЦһ
徹Ȼʼѷ쿿֮һɹĴҴڵһƬңʱбĿܣ
㡭㡭㾹ȻҪԱ
¡޴ıըɽһԪӤʿԱԪӤڵʿҪâ
ħڳˣһѷ첻һӳ˺ɽ֮ϣ
ոըѾ˵ע⣡
ãǺħƷˣ˰Ƴӡˣ´󾪣
ȻȡħѪǾԲǺħľħġ
ܶҪĴ۲ܽӡʹӡҲһССԪӤʿܹԿģ
ߣٲ߾ˡ´ߴٵ
һߣħ쳹ɽ
¡ƺǱһֳ־޸ðɽ
һ
ħ¶һ˿ЦݣΪҳصļƷɡ
ߣҪǸϹǿߣԽԽˣ
߲ˣ⺡ɽƺѾһֽƸӡˡͿЦһ
ܣʿµķӡ⺡ħôᡭ
飡һ
ϣϾ׻ʽһӲƴһǡ
⣡һǿʹ͵ʵҲδܵ
Сӣŭһ
ȻԪӤڵΪǲͨƾһ
ĻСӾԲ
䣡
䣡СҲϾԳ˲ɸߵ弸£
޻ɵĶԺ䣬ûκεĻתռ䣬С˫ѾϾ״ÿһȭܽľ޸һڣ
Ҫսһƣħֵܹģ⺡ħôƳӡģܵķӡô˼򵥾ͱƳº
ǵһμ¶˺£֪ѾչһϾĵز
ƣʮ׻ʽһ֮ϣ
ĺһƣȻס͵һ
⺡ħȻӵǿ־ŭ
Ҫ֣ϵɻ꽣ȫһ鱦ƿһӡҵҲ㣡´һΪ˻Ѿϧһˣ
͵˵ͷһֱڱϵϵɻ꽣ʣ
ȣϵɻնͺ¼ͬʱ˳
һɫĽâնһ㺡֮ϣ
ǣ鱦ǵУ⺡Ҳǵֵһͱâп
СӣߣһУͽС˹
˿Ҳ֪ΪαΪĴڡ
СιʹԴ˷ĩȴԴԴϵĲֻҪ⺡ɽ֮ϣ޵еġ
꣡ϵĹǼһѣͷ­ҲĪı˻Ϊһ̲Ѫˮ󱻺ħС
һͷħȻΪʳԼ
УԪӤʿˣģħмЦˡ
Ƭ̹ˮӺѾħ
ŶƳҵĽƣħһ˿֮ɫ
ȻʵǲµĽҲʲô˶ƳģԪӤʿ֮вƳ
ħȻ˷ʣֱͶ
ԪԪӤ⺡ħ˺ʶһɨ
Сӣ㵨Ӻܴ󰡣Һħ𶼸ҿ̽Ӱһ⺡ħٶȾ͵׻ݻҪ졣
Ƥֱû뵽ôͺħˣ
ڣһ⺡ħ𱻷ӡôþȻлڵʵټعͨʵ˷ʤ
ն׻ʽ˲ն£
Ȼ־棬˵棬ֱӿ
ССԪӤʿҲ˴󵨣ʹʵҲȷʿֵܹģħЦһ
аףаףϵ´󼱣
аףʲôҿɲǵЩͽϹһܿ˺ħĹצ
㽣ͨа׶ԸħʿЧҪĻ֮ףǶԸ˺ħ𣡡´󼱣
𣡡ʮ׻ʽ֮Уɫͬ˺ħϡ
ںħħȻ˲٣
аףϵе㶫ҼɵΪ̫ͣӲͨһֻ޴Ĺצ
ϣͺͺħԺħĹצ֮ϾȻһѷ죡
鱦ħɫޱȵڷ֮оȻ鱦һһõ鱦
ħһɭɫĻ棬ںħϵа׾Ȼɣ
ǺħɭףҪӲӣ³ѵ
ͽ׹һ̱һߣɭ档
׶֮õĶ治٣ħЦһ
Ҫ֣һ߶ϵɻ꽣ɱħҲشħ˵
Ȼ֣ô͸ɴͲ֣
תѪѹ׵Ĺһ˳
͵ΪҲһ˲䱩ǣԪӤڣԪӤԲһʱ֮͵ʵȻ޽ӽڻڣ
ԸħԶԶ֮壡
ͱ˰˰̬еϵɻ꽣Ϲҫ죡
ϵɻն
ߣħһɭ׹ͬһһǰ
ɫĽâײɭ׹֮ϣȻÿռһŤ
ʿ˴ƿռȫһټϺħ𱾾ǻΪ˵ĶԺ侹Ȼÿռ䶯
ߣ
ҧҧһھѪֻѪһ˻ΪһѪʧʡ
ħѪ֮ʩչĴۼߣµҲѡ


405 
ħħѵֻһƴӶݵвɵ뵽
˽ţȻ⺡ħǷͬСɣչֳĲǺͨʿһˡ
㲻ҪСϹħ𣬴սɿóʲôħոЩˣˣǴʱħضȫԸʱδܹ˵
µָ֮£ͱܿһصĿռѷ죬ֻҪ뿪ħȣ㰲ȫˡ
ֻҪ⺡ħ׷ħǱڣݸĻϹ־ԲһϹħ֮ΪΪ
ħǿǾԵֲʿֽ
Ϊλ֪Ҿ׻ʽ֮ԴһͨѵĻԼ޷̲סʵ
ѣ׻ʽ֮Դͨаףһʼ;Ҫ⺡ħѹס
ľ֮һķľаһ㣬֪飡·˷ۡ
ҲΪΣգҲָԭһɢӡ
񣿡
ľ֮һ
ͱµĻŪˣʲôʱ˴Ķˣ
ڵһһĶ·˷ۡ
˵һ㶡
Ҳ֪˭֣ⶫͽзľ֮һ׻˫ԣڲ¶һ԰ˡ˵
֪ͷ󣬵û뵽ͷô
֪򵥣û뵽˲򵥣
ľ֮һķȻǸʺĵط
а׶Ըħʿ͹ħЧϹŴսʱڣӵзʿЩħĿǣ½͵
Ƶַôԣֻ׵ԣҲֻӵаͨˡ֮׵ͨȷԸħûаôˣҲ֪ŪġЦ
˻֮ײĻ֮ˣһֱɱõģ˵
һǳΪ͵Ŀٸʱ䣬а׾˵ħˡ˵
꣬ûôʱˣħͻȻ͵Ķ
ãһǴֱӴ͵֮У̴ķθ
ҺħҪɱˣûܹѣħһ
ޣֻ֮ٻޣ
ʵȻͣȴ֪ʹֻҪܹʱס⺡ħһᣬа취ѣ
ͣһɫĵâֱ˺ħ
ħмЦһ⵶âƽƽǶ׼ҪҲδܲʲôЧһץ
˻ħͻȻһ飬һޱȿֲĸоȫ
ڱӡһɲǣûй˿ֲĸо
ͣǲһ㣬ħ־ȻѸٿή
ߣɢֻħħ磬ƾǿΪħȻǿеħ֮
ħҲǵһܹħ֮ˣ
ħħһ
Ȼ⺡ħҲ֪һ֮ߣȴѲ鱦
͵֮Ҳһ˿ȣһССķԪӤʿλӵ鱦
Ҫ֪鱦ҲǼϡٵģܹһ鱦Ҳǲװ֮ˣħ֮Ҳˣ
ħһʼħ֮дƵ鱦һ˱ȽϵùƳħ֮ûþħ֮еĴս֮ɥħȻҲС
ħѶٴΣȴʼնһҲʹħһΪֲ鱦֮ҲǼΪ
ħҲΪӶԷħ̫أǸոһúħȥ
ˮߣҪ˽ˣǱ⺡ħõǾͶˣº
Уûˣʲôϵˮһ
ˣڵǺǩԼģһˣҲùº
ˣ֪ģǴ⺡ħҲǿޱȣħħ֮ҲһĻɫǸùĳ˶Ȳϣ˵ӡôˣˮɫЦһ
ħɫˣһħȻһȫӣܵˣ
ҪʬΣħķŭ˲͵תƵϣ
ˮ̾˿ϣһʵһ㣬ܹĹעɣ
𣡡޵۾ͻȻɺɫ޵ʵҲǱǣӽᵤһӾԪӤڣ
ննһɫĵâڿлûһɫľȻǺˮߵӣ
ħһдϣ˲ɢ
ħȷӶԷûĶô޿κˣ
æˮɫ
¡еϵɻ꽣һâħеĹоȻһ˿ѷ죡
¡һԾһ˹֮ϣħĹоȻϣħĵͿҪħ֮ʱ
һǼ׵ħǰ
Ǽ֮ϴ޴ķ𿪣
ͣ޴ʹȫۼױѡ
˵޵ҲǺˮ߽ģ
ᵤڵΪӲӺħһûֻ˵ˣ
СӣĴһڵı˵ڵߣŪҺֻܲһСˮӳ⣡
һУСС
˻ͻȻ͵ɫҰײҰ׵ģΪȻ޷ĺ
˵ڵôĺöȻͲĺöѾǼ߲ˣǱ˵ڵ൱ڵһ㣬˭ıӵȥǷһ壿
һǼϡٵııˣȻǻԣȺ֮Ҳ죬˱һ֣սǿ
ң֮ⷲбϡٵ޲ֻ֮
ȻˣǴõ˵ڵģ
һ˲µԺ֮У
Ҳʵֲܲĺˣֻܽ˵ڵӽ֮С
ȻӲ̫ԣҲ֪һֱľ֮һķ񣬶Сеޱ˵ڵ
еħ֮һֲĵâ⺡ħҲӲӣϵĹеֵ
ôãħûóһⲢãǱӡ֮ǰЩʿѾϵķѹεĸɸɾޱãȻҲΣĹԵˣʵǲħݣ


406 ɻ֮
ħŭûڵħȻһ˲˹ĶƵز
ħħͽʬˣħ
ϧħЦһ
ʵ޾ǿʮҲһǺħĶ֣Ϊһħһ鱦ܹӶһ鱦ʼ⺡ħηηţȫ
ɶǶҪħŭ
ħͻȻһڸǣ֮вϴħʹİɢ֮ʱ͵ɫޱȵѿ
ǰֵĺħ𣬳׳һ˫ͷı۵ĹһǰһһһСͷ­ͷֻ泤ϥħۡ
ǰһͷ­ϸһİɫƬͷҲһֻ糤İ׽ǡüĿۺʹСϿȻԭͷ­
ڴͷ­ӲһСЩͷ­ȫһӡ
ȻͬǣմĿмȴ
ں촽һһ֮䣬һغں췢ϡ鲼Ǵ̵ĳྐྵ³һ綾һ㡣
ĺǣͷ­˫еͫխƷ죬ɫĺâת֮侹һ˿飬һ;еġ
ͷ­Բµֻͬ鲼ɫƬİŷ겻͸ʮֱָӳƹǴ̵ָס
һһ֮䣬ɫĹâޱȵӡ
ã⺡ħŭˣȻ¶ı壡´󾪣
壿ü˼ֳơ
⺡ħ֮ʱǿչֳʵؽǿħܷѹס⺡ħδ֪֮
ҪսˣһʬҲνڸͲħĶ֣º
ҡҡͷܾ飬߹ȻԵõһʱİȫҲζħҲ⺡ħС
ûзĺħѾ˿ֲúħõħһֲ鱦ǵȴ͵Ŀ¾޾׷ɱˡ
ħ͵ҲֻܳΪǣƺħںħһ¾˵ɱ
ħ֣ʹǻʿҲδܶԸ޷ĺħˡ
Ͳߣһش⺡ħ
ҾͲκβ㣡һ˿֮ɫ
ѣġĽͨˣ;Ȼϵؾ룡
˵ͷѾа˳ɵĻԵѵΪʩչȻǿ
͵˵ͷһһ⻯ǿ֮֮ͨǿԻõģȻͨпܻҲǼ޵ġ
Ľʶķţ֮ǰõһšҪǿϼ֡
ϾֻһŲȱʶͨǿҲǼޡ
չֳ˼侪˵츳ĦҲὫĽһʶͨڸ롣
ͨҪӦķ֮ϣһ˵ȴ޶ƣ˱ˣ
Ľ۾͵ֻһֻܹĽ𽣴˺ħ𣬶ħȴ޷Ӧ
ֱ뺡ħֻһ֮ң֮ʱħ裬ŵĿΧȴΪʱ
ħֻԼԴҪըһ㣡
Ȼʶͨħ󾪣ʶͨټħ𶼲ӵУ
ʶͨУһ
ޣţϣͺ
⡶ĽȻԵκΪ̫ͣȻúħһ˲ʧ񣬵ȴԶʲôԵ˺
ͬʱеϵɻ꽣һɫĵǲ¶һ˿ЦݣϵɻնҲǶ깥ͨ
꣡һն֮ʱħǱһ׵һ㣡
ǶҪܴħ𲻹һУֻһǴð
һĹǴ̴˾׻ʽɵķ֮ϣȻһζȻ˱ƣ
⻹𣿡૵
ô˵²ɵʲôֶξͶóѵ㻹Ҫð
ּϻҲİɣͷҪأ
ʵҲǴˣ˵仰ΪʲôûǸ̾⺡ħǿ
⺡ħ˵ǿĵˣʹֶξҲˣһȵѪľʵֻпܾͲУ
ҵҵĻ𣡳ϷֻħȻɵ֮һֱ
ɻ棬ȥʹ飬ֻһֻСɻǧֻɻ֮С
ʲô²ַ֪ʲô衣
䣡һðʯ˰εض𣬵͵ǰЩǴ̵
ЩǴȻǶʯ˵ǲʹˡ
ʯֻӳһȭȭͷ˲˺ħϣ
һǼ׾Ȼճ˽ڣ
Ǵõⱦģʵ
ҽ񵽵ġ΢΢һЦ
ɻҲ򵥣ܹҽõƺҲֻһˡ
ɻ浥ʵҲǿͷҲ൱޵ˮƽǧֻɻʹЩٵĳӶܷӳ侪˵ս
ûбÿɻ𣬿¾һȺˣڵֻʹǽᵤʿҲδռʲôô
СôϡŹֵĶħŭħļʶȻ֪Щʲô
Ҿ˴ɶٿ飬ЩĳһرһҾ֮УǺͺɽ֮ϵ֮ͬ
ܽЩĳɱɱһӶɱꡣ
ÿҪʹɱֵʱħһâվƵòˡ
һȥħȻ˱ľ棬ûʿȻһȺֻԪӤڵĶ˱
ЩɻıҲе⣬Ҳ뵽ЩСһﾹȻᷢӳǿ
ǧɻֻ֮һͷﵽ޵ľ磬ߵҲǶƷޣһޡ
Щɻ׵ļ޵Ļôǧɻ淢ӳ²һʿˡ
ЩɻԽԽģҲζҾ˵ʵֻԽԽǿ
һ뵽ľһȣֱʶЩ۵С̺Ƕôǿ
Ľһʶ
ħһʧһ˲ʧ񣬼˹ַ˺ħϣһǼ֮ϾȻһ˿ѷ죡
ħ𣡡Ͱ̾һΧ⺡ħȻˣͨʿѾ˰ˣ


407 ħ
ԪӤڵΪڵħƵزҲ˵ǵһˣ
Ҫħŭ
ɭ׹ͬһһ㣬Ҿ˳У޴˺֮ϽҾ˷ֽ⡣
ǺħԲ֪Ҿ˵ɻԻΪʳʹǰԵܽɡ
⺡ħɭ׹ȻǶɻ˵ȴôֲ
ЩѾ׵޵ɻ棬ɻ޷ɭ׹ǿֲ
֮Уǧɻ澹Ȼֻʣٶֻ
ʣȫܹɭ׹Ĵڣ
ɳֻõĲ
ޱȵɭ׹ǵûнЩɻɱɻϡ
ֻɻ֮мȡ棬ɣǿ
ħһ˿֮ɫɭ׹Ǵ֮мȡģԲκ֮¡
ԺħڵΪʩչ˵ǻأлʿ·ֺ
ɭ׹һմϾϢǽյֻʣ°׹ǣɭ׹ǾԲϨġ
ħҲƾһ־ݺħ磬ʹǺʿս֮ʱҲ·硣
Щҷӡʿд붼ɭ׹֮£ɭ׹յֻʣһѰ׹ǡ
ɭ׹Ŀֲɻ˵ûʲôôɻ˵¼Ļ涼ǵʳΨһֻܲܽɰˡ
ǽ׳޵ɻ棬֮мûʲôܹ˺ǣ
ɻҲǺܴһɳҲǼֲĴڡ
ʱڻɻ˴ɭ׹֮󣬾Ȼ䡣
ˣħһû뵽Լɭ׹ǵûκЩСӣٽǵĽ
ϲ¶һ˿ɬЦݣЩɻʱҲζʱʧȥһս
û취ˣֻˣһѪ;תڣ뿪ü
һһҾ֮С
ˮߣˣҪսº
֪ˣˮߵ˵ͷħ֮һʮâʮâڿһ쫷絶ͬһǵһͺͺħ֮䡣
ҹħһʿƤӵߣôĲҪˡ
һǱ˦ס͵Ľף
ͻȻֵĹǱҲһǺܿ侲ϵɻ꽣͵նһǱ֮ϡ
ϣϵɻ꽣ȫһȻ޷жһǱޡ
ɣħ͵һǱ޾Ȼͽ쫷絶
ħɵ쫷絶󲻸ҽУǽеĻõ
㹻ʱܹնһǱޣǺħԲᡣ
ǿֲĵֻʣңһǣ룬ͱɡ
ͻȻħ𿴵ǵһĨЦݣһɲõԤͻȻͷ
ͣѪɣħһɣͳʧ˺ħǰ
Ϊ;ȻӲĽԼеһ룬׳ʿ
ͲԵ˺ݣԼҲݡ
õѡ񣬵ȴܺ˻־ģԼԼ⣬ɲʲô˶ܸɳġ
СӣݣˮЦ
ұ죡µ˺ˮһۡ
ʱ͵ѾѪģܿСȵȹǣӲĽСϵѪʹǶҲǼʹࡣ
жԶڻжԶͷԼʶѾʼģǹǱ֮ϾȻо綾˳ѪҺ֮С
ˣǰˣСģǰʮһռѷ죡ѵ
͵˵ͷ׹Ƭ̾Ѿ˽ħȵĳڴһϹâһ屻âͳ˽ħȡ
ǽħȱرĴûֻܱħ֮С
䣡һɫӰֱ׹˽ħȰ֮ĺ֮УɫѪҺ˲佫Ⱦ˺ɫ
͵ĶȻҵĹͷڸʴ͵һ
ħĶʵе㺧ţƬʱ䣬ȲĹͷѾȼѾʧȥ֪
ҧҧеϵɻ꽣͵ľ𣬺ݺݵնԼȣ
Ȼ̣һȺԼʵ΢
öɢȫĻôˣ
ǺħʴǾʹ㿳ԼҲûõģⶾѾɢȫˣ˵
һ㶣ϵɻ꽣ͣ˰գջûնȥ
ûнⶾİ취ʵ
ҡҡͷħĶ̫ңлʿֵĻܹʵûа취
ɫһͨʹԪӤҲǷһͻǲôġ
¡ͻȻħȶΪ֮һ𣬼ħ
ã⺡ħȻħ֮зӡĹħȫ˳ʧ˳
ħ֮˵ҲӡʮͷħʹһЩѾӡľǻмͷʵǿĹħ
⼸ͷħĳ֣ڻڽħ֮еʿֱһѣ
ӡĹħȻڣֻԪӤڵΪҲͨʿֵܹġ
ʵ󽵵ҲҪһЩʿѪ⣬ԪӤԼʵһħ֮дɱʿ
ʱԪӤʿЩħС
һħȻһϯݵѣ
⺡ħ𣬽ħ֮еĹħûа취
ħʵ̫ǿʿķӡѾһɽԿʿӡĲ
ʹûĴ룬⺡ħܹǲǼ˺ħĽ̰ˡ
ķӡӡ꣬Ҳ˰ɣħЦһ
ںħͷ״ĹħҲ¶һ˿̵Цݣ
ƣԺħΪףħͬʱ֣ŽħȵĽƿը
ڽħʿĿǰһĻֲľ󣬷·ĩһ㣡
öʿǣǵʵָܻ˳ɣһͷħЦ
䣡ħǿħȵĽǵĺ֮¾Ȼҡҡ׹
Ȼн֮вͣĹħˣȫħ
ͷħ֮оħʵǿ֮ǰɵʿҲ࣬ʵָ൱졣
¡ټķӡ֮ϱһȱڡ
ЩħĸɵϣħһȻȱ֮г˳
ˣʿ׼ıɣһͷħѪһ֮Ѫ¡
ЩʿǹħĶ֣˲˼ЩʿȫΪ˹ħָϣ
ʿֻͷħЦһĵݹʧʡ
ںħֱӽЩȥʿʿһ߾Χ룬⺡ħȻԴһֵ֮ʿ


408 ħʥ
ʴǾħ֮ͨһ˴˶ʹʿҲҪͷʹѡ
ʱʹ࣬Ѿӵ˴ȣ͵ȶģĹͷƺѾʴˡ
֮ǰƵĽⶾҩǲҪǮһ㣬ЩƷƷĽⶾ鵤ȴ޷ֹʴǾӣһ˿Ҳ
⺡ħ˺ݶ㵽һԲĹǱޣ뵽
ħΪ˻Ϲļ֮ѾĵزȻȾڹǱ֮¶ʹܹӵˣҲܾʴǾĥ֮󣬻Ϊһ̲Ѫˮޱʹȥ
Ҳֻúħһͷ֮ޣ
ʯ飬ˣʯ飡ͼæӴ֮ȡһƿʯ顣
ҲǺöʯ飬ͬˮһ㵹͵֮ϣ
׹ǵʯ飬ȴ޷ӻʴǾӣȣȶʼľˣ˫һʹ
ʴǾĻҲʿ֮ɫ䡣
ʹʴǾܹǶԪӤʿ˵ǻһˣ֮жҲʲôϡ顣
ʴǾĿ֮ֶԪӤܸʴжĿʼʿԪӤ޷壬ֻĿԼ屻һһĸʴԪӤɢ־綾ν
ûа취𣿡̾˿
¿͵һһ̱һһ
ԣ㻹оȣ㻹оȣͻȻϲĽ˳
;͵һ񣺡ʲô취˵
ħĲħĲħĲӺųǽⶾʥҩֻҪħĲӣССʴǾСһ˷ܵ˵
֮ˣħĲҺޱȿֲľ綾ʹħĲĻҲǶԾˣǱȴħΪĽⶾʥҩ
˭ܹ뵽綾ͽⶾʥҩȻһġ
ȴǿЦһħĲΧжôǺģûʲôֵܹǾ綾Һ塣
ûǣѪħǱҺ廯ʣħ־춯صﶼҪСȡδħĲ
ʲôȡػΧ֮µأ
ħħ۱ٴζܸԭʹǶҺҲӦͻȻߵĺˮߣ
ˮһˣҪ֪ǿħĲħ黨֮һħʥˮħһ綾ȥŪ㲻Ҫ
ֲҪħʥˮֻҪǼƬ꣬Ū˵
ɣҿÿһα˴ҶҪܶʹ࣡ˮֱӾܾˣϾֻµˣˡ
ȻˮߺϲһҲζΪðգǻһˣ˵ֲǵһˡ
֪һ̾˿
ˮһ֪ҵĲƬж󣿡
ֱôһϾˡ˵
ֱôˮ¶һ˿ɫ
ȻħƾԼԣʹʣһƬҲҪָȫʢʱʱԳ
˵һ鵶ĻôԻָ˳ɣĳɵ˵ֱһһذ
ˮ߳һᣬƺڿһʽǷֵã
ԸæԸֳһ֮Ѫһ
ãɽˮ¶һ˿ȣ֮ѪǶɼټء
һ֮Ѫˮָ߲ܹӵһ˿Ѫп۳
Ը⸶֮ѪĴ۵ʱˮߵĿ֮һ˿ʡ
ϧˣǡˣͱ߰ɡε뵽
ˮֱ뿪ħħħĲ
ˮ߿ɲɵֱӴħĲĻпֱӽʱħܹȴûˡ
뿪ħȻҲʹܱҪá
ħǴħĲȻͿʼڻ
ÿֲº뵹һ
ħĲĶԺ͸ʱȣֱ֮𰡣ʿӲı
ˮߴʱϵڵϷ
ħ٣漴ɫ޵֮УڻħȻʼ
죬ٶȿ죬ȥħҲҪڻʣˮߴȻֽס
ָогǧѾڶԴһ㣬ʵڲܹܵġ
ޣ죡ʹߴٵ
ħĵѾħĲ̨ڵٶȴԭԽ죬ħʣһ룡
죡ˮ߼ˣħħĲڻˣôĻᶼûˡ
ۣһһöɫӱħ˳
죬죡ҿܲˣˮڵϲϵİš
ħ޵ұҲʴ˴룬һﲻ֪ʹĻﻹὫƵ˵λ
һöɫϲ¶һ˿ɬЦݣʱʴǾѾɢķθˣֻԼƺѾһֻƲһ㲻ĵʹʱ޿̲ĥ
죬ûһ£ȥһƤ¶˵
֮䣬Ҳֻܹػˣ
ֻǿԼ壬һɫҵ˿֮£ӾȻžž죬һ㰵ɫƤҲѣ¶ɫӣ
죬һӣһöɫ͵ĿС
һڣͱһȫİ֮ҴܣޱȰԵ޷赲ʴǾĳ¾Ȼڽڰˣ͵ķθ֮˳һ·£Ȼ͵˿ڴ˳
һöӣڶ̶̵һ˲֮оͽʿޱͷʹʴǾ
ħĽⶾʥҩǼʶˣˮ߾㵵Ŀһ̲Ѫ
ʹǹΪ鱦飬Ҳδܼʶһʥҩ
⻹ԶԶӵǷ֮һˣϳˢ͵ľ
ֻԼҪըһ㣬ڵתٸ춼޷ƽϢҡ
ˣƺʶ˲֮
ͲһԪӤʿˣܹ˶ҩ
죬ҽҩǣСǶйǿţʱƤѪҺ
䣡ҩ·ҵһйڣͬĺˮһӿ˳
Сӣԣ£ˮߣǼڴڽ֮еɻ涼˹
ˮԵʹ
ħʥҩЧֲʹô˷ֵҲԵ̫磡


409 ԪӤ
ħĲΪͷħ黨֮һҲһ޷ʶ®ɽĿ
ⶾʥҩȻ綾˵õϡҩѶȣҲħĲԱֶ֮һ
ܹõһħĲѾˣԵɺ֮·һħӣʴǾų⡣
ʱ֮죬ǣ֣֮תһȦ֮󣬱㱻ߵºͺˮգСӣԺɻ֮ˣԵˮ˵֩붼˳
ħ̺֮Ѿһֲĵزʹô˰ͷֵͻǾԼľҪűһ㡣
һʼȣѾöˣѾĿƷΧ֮ڣбΣա
ΧҲŨһֲĵزֻһҲƽʱҪЧ
ºͺˮߵ˶֮£Ȼʵ˲٣Ȼʵ廹кܴĲ࣬ȴҲǵָ˲١
鱦иħȻӵһָ࣬ȫ̬ԵеĻ֮١
Ҳòȥħʿս֮ʱ˯ѹʵԭʮ֮һ
Ȼ鱦ȫʢʱڣʹǺħҲԲ˶ߡ
ô˻ᣬҲȫħĲɢ
Ҫ֪ħĲΪϽ黨֮һп̺Ų֮
ǶʿǶ飬ɶǴ֮
ϧˣЩ֮кܴһֶ˷ˣϧҡҡͷ
СЩһ̰ļȡһܹȡСѾ۷ˣô֮֮ͻҲԶˡ
Щɻʱȫһ㱡ļţǼʹЩϵӿС
ȵƽһ̣ʵȻз츲صı仯
ȻЩǼһЩС˰ˣĴͷȫøռˡ
ռĳңΪǣܹоһֱһƿ˿Ѿһ˿ɶٳһᣬܹͻԪӤҲ˵
Եˮ˵ΪѾڽᵤ۷壬ܵĴ̼ȻֱӴһƿ˽ᵤڣӤҲһ֮ңˡ
ŨһʱŽɢͬһʱ䶼۾
һʱ֮˵ʵ˷츲صı仯ͣΪħӵĵһߣȻֱӴԪӤڽԪӤڡ
˿ĽͶһԭȵĹƣٿҲҪʮ֮п̤ԪӤڡ
ڣһöħӾʡȥʮĿ๦ıȻͬ졣
ԵˮĽȻûôţҲΪ˽ᵤ۷壬ǻԵ㹻ԪӤҲ⡣
벻һ;ȻøʴǾΪ뻯ֽһ
ټˮ̶֮еõǿɾͱȻܹɹΪⷲǿʿ֮һ
СǣҲջ࣬һӵģ
ǻһµʱ乮һΪ뿪顣
ԵˮΪӤ׼Ӥһ£ǽӤɹԪһǧ꣬һǶҲǲ˿
Ȼʱǹȥһ£ȴ췭ظ
ȴӽħ֮ӳĹħɱ¾һ֮бʮǵĶ֡
ħ޲Ǻ쳣ʿǵѪԪӤȫΪ˻ָʵϡ
ЩħҲ֪֪֮ЩǲãͰĿһЩСС֮ϣЩȻҲԪӤʿ򣬵ʵձ鶼ôǿ
ͨԪӤʿЩħĶ֣ħϮһĶȫ
ʿҲŭһЩԪӤڵĸַ׷׳׷ɱЩħ
ǹħǺɱģдʿ֣ҲЩƻĹħѣĦѩ濹һŮӻɱһͷħҲˣս
һսɽѣ޹⣬ʿ֮ǿһͷʵ󽵵ĹħɱʿҲ˼ʹĴۡ
ʿǶϹŴսܹܴ֮һĹħʵһµĶλ
ܹ֮ⷲһһӮЩħҲֻлʿˣ
ǺһȣͷħֳĶֻССˡ
ʼٸ߱Ǻħˣ뿪ħ֮⺡ħǵûӴܣʽݸսʿȻûʲôսȴʤ࣬оǽᵤʿҲҪꡣ
ԺħʵȻЩ֮һ൱ԪӤڵʵ
ħһľٶȻʿĲǺħʵȴǼΪɵ൱ڻʿĴڡ
ǿɲͣвֶܹͺħò¡
ݵĻʿֵ£Ȼûһ˸ҳͺħŸɡ
ħռһɽһҹ֮佫ɽ֮еɱ⣬˻ޣںħ˵ֻòΪҳϵĴڡ
һµ飬һɽͱħŪһɽӵеʵʮ֮£
˷˼ǣЩϹֶԴ˾ȻȡĬ̬ȣƺͲһ㡣
Ӵֶ֮һһ
⺡ħҲ֪þգЩʿ֮Ի̺ħΪûдǵ棬ֻһЩСɿ
ʮҲħħʲôͻȡ˻ˮߣһСɵȡǵİ
ϾħʵʹܹɱħԼҲҪӦĴۣЩʿ˵ɻ
Щʿ˵ͷȴ£άĺƽ빫壿
ЩֻƭƭСӵ⣬㵱ĻҲ˶á
ʣͷħħƺûʲô˼ǡ
֮ԾȳͷħҲΪƳħȵĽҪǳˣħ֮һ飬༸ͷħҲϡ
һͷħʿնɱʱ򣬺ħҲûʲôʾ֮лǽȻħǿԵĻ˭Ըʺķš
ħȱǵļƻ֮ܲУһšָ֡ߵ˵
벻ӡĹħðˣԽԽˣĶһšءָЦ
ôֺûκιϵǵĿֻǴؾѣ쵭˵
ڷ֮дħϢ֮ҲǴһԭΪݵĻʿħģû뵽ЩʿֻԹ۶ѡ
ҲѲƶ˼룬⺡ħ֮أ
˵ɲʲôϢͺħ֮ĹϵɲôѺãͶԴҲֻεĿЦˡ


410 а
ںħͻĴɵʹڵʵϺħҲʤ㣬ʿǻʿǿżͨͷתġ
ƾԼֶοǿסħһʱ̣Ǿ޷ɱ
һνħΣպܶ࣬ջҲǼ󣬹һɾ͵ˡ
Ǽʮ鼫ƷҲɺӣϾ֮ⷲмƷʯ൱ģͿɲΪɾЩƷʯ֮Ժ󣬱Ͼ֮ⷲҪǿʯ
ͺħһս֮ܵҲΪħӵĹϵȻȬȶͿʲô쳣
ڱħӱƳʴǾǱⶫȻŪİģҲζⶾĲ
ܹõĻ˵Ҳһ
ħʥˮ㶯ãôʴǾȻͳ˾ѵƷ
ħû뵽ħ֮кľҩƵʴǾȻͰɡ
ɻǻûƼ룬һƼЩСһʵԻ࣬˺ħɭ׹ħĲ֮˵ΪЩɻһܺõĸ
뻹δأЩ鶼չӲĦΪҲֻܾ䡣
Ȼһѩ濹ͷΣǿְλҶ֪Ͱ겻ѩ濹ѩ濹Ҳ˵ʲô
һ뵽СѩͲɵ̾˿Сѩڵ״̬ܹʮѾǼˣѩ濹ȻӦæСѩʱҲ̫ࡣ
ô飡͵һԴ
ȥѩ濹ɲΪСѩһĿıȥ顣
Сѩ飬ټϻѹæͷȻ֮ԺˣֱڲŻ
ôˣ̲סԼԴ
˻һ׹⣬ݴ֮ϼٷУ
ӰӣмݹӭЩʿƺоȻмԪӤʿ
ҲǴΪ죬ԪӤʿƲʲô֣ҲǱĴӴܰɡ
¸¸£ЩʿԹԳΪҵʳɣ
֮һֻצ˲佫һᵤʿ̴漴˺֮У֮дһ׽
ǹħЦѵ
͵ͷӦþǲµͷħеһλˣû뵽
ħڴɱ䣡
ѾңѾңӴܵʿͷ·ǿ˾һ㣬һеı͡
˭ҲȲˣǳΪħʳɣ̼ٿһ˲ʣԪӤʿҲħϡ
벻һʿһԪӤʿԪӤҲҪЩζɡ֮еĹħЦ͵ĶС
ҪңҪûôõˣЦһ
ɵħ𲻼٣ǲζǰһͷħҲҪ¡
δͻ֮ǰҲҪǷħĶ֡
ϾͬԪӤڣħʵҲҪͨʿǿ٣ʹĦϺѩ濹ʿҲնɱһͷħˡ
ԪӤھԪӤڣħҲͺħһŻڵΪôͶ˵תܡ
ǰһͷħƺûʵܹŤͷܡ
ħԪӤʿ֮пҲ˰ɡ
ٴĦϺѩ濹ʿնɱһͷħ֮󣬾ûʲôԪӤʿҶԶһͷħˡ
һսĸӰƺӰ컹ҪĶ࣬ʿĲնɱħĹǹħǿ
ĦǿĴʿ޷սʤôʿ͸˵ˡ
ʵҲֲ÷ʿܣЩħ̫ǿ
ϾЩǾϹŴսĹħķӡûȥʵ
ͷħʵڶħ֮ҲǼǿĴڣټǱǻڵʵֻΪӡ̫ʵˣǶͨսƿҪЩʿ̫ࡣ
ĦǲںһԪӤʿսںһֻԪӤΪĻʿսľҲΪ档
ͷħݺ¶ûʲô֣ڵʿһȺݰ
Ϲʱڣ֮Щʿܹǿ⣬ڿЩʿҲʧʷĳ֮ˡ
֮УͻȻɳԲ죬СʽķУЩⶼѾʧȡ֮һƬɫϼ⡣
ħŪķͷһ𣬾׻ʽնâס⼸
ЩƷͨڹħȴԭ͵ľ׻ʽӲ˼£Ȼ˿·硣
ý⽣Ҫˣ֮һֻɫĴ͵ס͵ľ׻ʽ
ţüͷһħϵĺйŹ֣׻ʽһɫĴ־ͱܵķ
ףȻֵܵҵħ⽣򵥣ħԵޱȵ˷ܡ
ħһֶܹۻʿķħʹõķѵ
㲻˵Ͳɵ
㼱ʲôľ֮һķССĹħܹħġֱа״סġ²м˵
а׶Ը˺ħҲˣϾԷǻʿΪĲ
ԪӤڵĹħԸ˵ĻôаҲռôõͷ
ǸһĨЦĿ£ͷͿ͵˹ħ
ǽᵤڵĿܣ֮еĹħЦһ
ʵᵤڵĿܻûʲôô
ֻͿ˵ħϵһ˲Աǿıը̴ɢ˲١
¸¸£㱾£ȥɣħצ͵͡
ȵľ㣡Цһ
׻ʽһаף
꣡аײħĿǣа״ħצϣȻֱӽħըûˡ
ڹħΧĺҶаըĸɸɾ
һͷĹħԼֲŵĿеľ׻ʽаף
ɲǣڴս֮ʱʥ˴ͨ
ħҲû뵽ʺĵطȻͨ
λһͨħ
ҪҵǶĹħѪȤЦһ
ħľѪûбȥãһͷƺûʲôѶȣ
⣬⣬ǹ⣬ҪˣͻȻԶݹ
ɶЩӬãһһҪʬΣħһ˶Ϊһ̣֮쾹ȻͶ׷ϣ
ˣħĶ̫˰ɡͰյҡҡͷѼӶˣβա
̲ס˷ۣ֮˱ܿĹħ͵ȴѼӡ
ѩ濹ˣͿ֮оȻ˴ѩ濹ķһ㶡


411 ִ
⾹Ȼʮɵִӣ
ִ֮Ӳӣܹ֮ӵԪӤڴڣÿִ֮һʿ
ִ֮䶼źţһһϹħִӱѸٺΧʮԪӤʿʹǹħҲǲӡ
ҲǹħһִʿŤͷܵԭЩ֮ûܵЩִӵ׷ɱ
ǸɵģһԪӤڵʿ͡
ѩ濹䳤ͣ͵˵
䳤ϣѩ濹Ůһ㶣ƺʲôɫӵĿһۡ
ŮӵĿȻͿҲŪˣ֪Ůʲô˼
ѩ濹ȻΪʮ֮һȴҲǵ׵Ĵڡ
ִܹӵĸʮˣԶȻûбֳʲôмҲûбֳʲô顣
Ĺħƻޱȣһһ㣬ÿǵĺΧûк£ʹӼ϶֮ˡһ˷߷ߵ˵
׷ħѾиˣȴһħûնɱ
ͶԴҲÿɷ񣬱ϾὫԼ˹ħһ۵ⲻǴЩִӵ
ԲںЩִӣȴòںЩʿ
ħܵȥˣҲûȤ֪ǼιħѪ˵ǿп޵Ķ
ִӣһɱħһ׷ͯյưĿ͡
㣿ͿһۣȻԣڸߡ
Ҫң㻹ʸ񡣡
߱͵ŭˣǸΥĻ㽫ִܵʿƲã
ƲãȨ𣿡Цһ
ݿɲһ˿ģɱȨɲ
ҪçײִӵȷȨʥĽʥһӵӣѩ濹Ůѵ
ʥˣͰ̾һ
ѹִ˰ԵȻݵһʥˣӵнʥ֮ҲһţȻҲᵱִӵӡ
ְλɲʵܵεģҪ㹻ȻԱδػ㡣
ȻˣôҾͼִӡ̾˿
׷ɱħ˵ûʲôֻҪħţˣͷħΪԸ
һ漴СӿʼĴѰ
ʲô֣ѩ濹Ů̸
ѩ濹ϣѦࡣŮ˵
͵˵ͷѦʵѾԪӤڵΪǻԵˣΪʿҲʲô⡣
ǺʲôƺͲʿﰡͿһưĺʵ
ӵнʥ֮ˣһҲģǱΪл׻ʿѦС˵
ʥóˣ
ƺҲǼ̳ϹŽ޵ĴУһһżֲĽƺʲôɱ¾һʩչ֮кʿܹѦ˵
ԴֻǡŶһϹŽ޿Ҳϰˡ
֪⽣ʥĽжôҲνͽɽǿ϶١
˿ڽ֮ϵţʹΪǿڽ֮϶ҲҪ硣
ݺܴ󣬱ݼҪͷħҪĻһʱҲ
ԵǸȴû˸ȥ
ϾϺħ𣬳˻ʿ˭Ҫ
ЩִʿҪԸĲʣͷħˣںħǻʿ֣ûȥֲĴڵġ
Ѱ˰ִ֮ħӰӶûммСɱˡ
ýֺͷҲ֪ͷħɵˡ
ħӲͲҺִӲӲרЩϺ֡
Ϻһ
ǿ׷ħãΪִʵ̫ǿǽһ˵նħϹĻǾץסħˡ
ף˭ҶһԹħأ
ԹħĽƻҪбʿڸԲģԶˣԮĻôնͻᱻħ̵
ִ֮Ը׷ɱħľ֮κһ˶ϹħԲĶ֡
ʹǽʥҲ˵ʤ
һԶô䵱ն֮˱ɣڳʿɶɵϣǿɲȥ
ǽִӾҪ̵㹦֮ͣҲöһһЩõĵĶɲġ
ʱԸΥҪʱпѾˣ
ţǡüͷһ壬ָоڤڤ֮ƺһ˫۾ڶ
˭ʶɨԲʮ֮ûκε쳣
ְҵĸ֪֮۲㱻ˣ֮ʿ˵
ϸ۲Ļ֣ᷢһ˶һұۣұ֮һ˿ɫ׵֣Ҳһ˿׵ʹ˿ʼ޷ϡ
ǸʿȻаףҾǳĿϱ¶׹⡣
Ǹ˲öԸҵĸ֪֮۲㱻ʶԲ͡һû۵ʿ˵
ôһԵʿȵ˵
ֻɣûз֣ʶҲֻǱȴʿǿһ㡣ȱʧ˵
ûãһ˿ʿУȻ۳һ飬۵ۿ֮С
ôɲɣǸʿѲһ㣬ĲһȺ
ǸʥҲʡ͵ĵƣ֮κһ˶ʤؼǸ꣬а׿ɲǡұȱʧʿ̾˿
Ҷ˶ԸȻ۶ԸһȺʿȡʤֻҪǸ꣬һȺʿϵ⣿
۵˵ͷȻеѣôʿԪӤҵҲָ߳ɣסЩʿһӲ⡣
ãǾ͸ɣһƱǵʵָܻ߰˳ҡʿһ
˱Ǵӽħ֮ӵĹħˣлһͷһֱۡ
ѹʿѰҶҲͷħȻƤң
һ˿֪ԼѾ˱
ˣ֮䱾޾ԣʱпת
ִҲԶԸһͷħǾ޷Ըͷħ
֮ǿн飬ͷħһ˿壬ִ֧ӿͱͷħ˰ɡ
ڳʿ֮г֮⣬ƺûע⵽һ˿쳣
ߣʹѦࡣ
ôˣѦһ㶡
Сһ㣬ƺʲôطԾһ
ˣһ׻ʽ˲ϣ
ཻ֮дһЦ
Ȼ㣡һ
Լϵһֱ۵ĹħóӶ֮͵ʶҲֻڿʮ֮ʱŲַδҲ̫һ㡣
Ϯһ
ٺ٣ˣͻȻɱħ


412 ٶħ
ͻϮִ˲֮С
ͷħҲǺ֣ת֮ԪӤʿɥǵԪӤͳħɡ
ʥŭһһһնȥɵĽâ·һޣҪһɣ
ϹŽ֮еɱ¾۹ħЦһ
㻹򣡡ֻ۹ħһâһâ˲ͱ⡣
Ƥһɱ¾˵֮ΪĽ֮һħǰȴԵЩ
¸¸£ƾǰӵɱ¾һ֮۵Ķ֣۹ħЦһ
󣡡۹ħһֻ֮һεĻ
¸¸£һҲƴˣ۹ħЦ
ͺѦ࿴ǰͷħĵһͲ֪ѦʵΣҲ̫ǿ
һͷħ˵ʤͷħĻʤδ֪ˣ߻һ׸
ִӵǷܹɱǶ۹ħҲǲ
ΪǿĺǹħѹŴϬϹɱ¾ħǰҲǿԱˡ
Ϊ֮ƣҲֻܹشԮˡ
һҵסͷħЭ
Ѧһ㶣ƺʲôЦһ㡣
ʥҪƣӦԵĹħǰ䳤ϾȻ˵Ҫֵһͷ
Сӣ֪аףаüأɣ۹ħһ
ºһһ˲佫Բʮִ֣ӵʿһķΧ֮С
üͷһ壬۹ħƺ֮ó
ִӵʿʹ·磬ټ۹ħ֣Ҳ᧿Σ
ʮĽɫݺύļ׾ٵĽɫĻ䡣
ͼηһһۺε̾˿ֱ۷ˡ
ȻͷĹĻɢˣɫħ⡣ѾħħĻΧ֮ˡ
˿ħĴħĻ븲ǷԲʮСʵƾ쳣
жһٻħĻһٴλظԭ״һ¡
һΣͳһ۽ԪܷųٸԼһ㻤ֺ󣬲ûȥνĶһ±ɫĻûС
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аףҵҪжаףں֮еĶ۹ħһ
ϹŴս֮ʱа׶˵ǿǣа׵٣ʹһ֮Ҫʱ
Цһڵа׾ԿԽͷħ
ʹʿҲ˻÷ʮڷɽʮڷɽ֮ва׾ǲһСĿ
ʹ׻ʽ֮еаκβЩħ֮пŴķӲҲܽЩħ
Сһ㣬ɫĻȡҵָѦһ˲䣬ѦĺɫĻ绡±ƿ磬ҿ
Ѧһ˿ӵɫ䳤ϵֶƺѾԽͨԪӤʿ
ͷħ򶨵ʿѦ໹ǵһμ
˵˶ˣںСϪ֮еһ˿
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һΣɨһ
ɫһ󣬷һǧСһػ׶Ȼһĳصطȫڡ
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˿Ȼʶ˼£ںɫĻεعħӰģ֮
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ȫתʶ帺ʵ̫
ȻƣΨһضԲ߾ͱڶʱƵԷȶԷֶΣöԷΪħòС
򣬺ûضƴȥҲǷë
а취طǲʿҲֵܵ
ӣѾԪӤʿ˹ħϡ
۹ħųĺɫĻסͣҲڰһͷħǵһͷħԪӤʿɱĻôȴ͵ĿҲʲôý
䣡һɫ֮ɫĹĻһŤȻֵĺѣǻǵֵס͵ɫ
̲סҡҡͷǱŮӣɫӦܹɢһƬħĻ
Сӣûа˰ɣħĻ֮һСն͡
꣡һ׵˲佫Сϡ
ߣΪŵ𣿡۹ħһ
׵Ȼףȴаף޶в
ɵӣ²мĺһ
һ׵ȷаףǻ֮ס
۹ħһħצץ͵࣬Ҫͻɱ
Ҫ嶯ͺսһĶ۹ħһλȻ͵ǸһĨЦݡ
ѵҲ̫ˣɲǼ䣬׵ͬҪضһ㣡
֪ںʱѾɫĹĻ֮в󣬾׻ʽ֮еа׷·ҪǮһ۹ħϡ
ħˣֻҪ˻ħĻ֮Уǰȫġ
ͺò׽λ۹ħȥ
ҸɲǼ䣬նһɫĽ˿ǡ
ڽ׽˿֮£۹ħȻã
Ϊס𣿡۹ħһħڣȻǿн׽˿ſ
žһָ
ɫĵ绡˳Ž׽˿ݵ۹ħϣ
۹ħ¶˾֮ɫ
ܣܣ۹ħŵĿЩ绡


413 ˫
аףЩȻаף
ôôа׵ģ۹ħ־ŭ
ۿ⽣ва׵ĳ˲Ťת˾档
а׵Ĺ֮£ϰˣ׽˿һһս
ǱЩа׸ˣʹǹħҲҪ˰
ѵת۹ħһϵĺʱŨ˼֡
նȻħַĻᡣ
һɫĽâХ׽˿סĶ۹ħȻֻĿһɫĽâƺ
۹ħʣҲһնȥ
鱦ô鱦ħˣһʿϼаף鱦նɱˡ
⻹û棬ϵɻնֱӹԷġ
ɲǼ䣬ħʧأã֮У˫۵ͫѾû˽࣡
ϵɻն͵Ц
ϻôҲ鱦ڻǿģֻе㲻ﵽ˽һĵزʱŻᷢӳ鱦²Ŀ͡
˵ЩҲûʲô壬նɱͷħ˵һ
ħѾ˫ۣϵɻն״Ҵڴ֮У
𣡡֮һа¡
Ǳ׵ˣħɣ
ǵһοܹǹħƵֵزɫĻ֮һͷħͻȻ˫ͬһ㣬˽׽˿ħ˳
ۣ죬ɱɱӴѹĹħŭ
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Ӱͺ˵ֻҪǣͿˣ³ǹħӶɾˡһ
죬ɱӰ
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ֱ֮ҲܼȡһιħѪȻòǸԵˮҲԡ
һգֻĿͷħ
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ۻ⣬ҲζʿĲˣ
ϵѪҺ;̲סüͷۣ˼壬һͷħֱͬһ㡣
ܸ̺а׵Ľ׽˿һ۹ħͲС
˵Ӱħس͵ϮĻô۹ħӲսˣһ˫ֱۣնϡ
ⷲʿ֮Уһұȣ㻹һβ࣡۹ħЦһ
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͵³ýҲ֪ˣ
ͷħϿ˵ǱɣǻʿĿܣ
ɫӵĿӶݵķһۣȻĵײԸϣʹ˾ȷʵǾһ
ͷħĻôִӵǾѾħնɱˡ
ЩʿȻôġ
ͷħҲֻǲñ˷ĵưˣĿ֮ó˵Ϊ
СӣܲģɣӰħĺ
ܣЦһ
ɲǼ䣬ΪһѪʢ
ԪӤڡԪӤԲ񣡡ӰħʱıǳһѲӬһ㡣
ܣֻһԪӤʿʵطҲֱڣ۹ħһ
ҵȷǻڵΪȴлڵʵЦһ
˵ħֻԪӤΪĻʿô;ӵлʵԪӤʿ
󣡡ʮ׻ʽ˲䲼
룡ͨط޷ֶãʱһɣ۹ħ
һʱ䣬㹻ɱˣ
ˮߣʲôͷ˫۵ľͽˣٻޡ
ģɲǺħֻҪͱˣˮЦһ
һɫĵâ˲ڿһ
ħͷħɫ䣡
һ鱦һʿϾȻ鱦
ͣϵɻ꽣һɫĽâ۹ħ˫֮ϣ޼᲻ݵ˫ϾȻ쭳һѪ
ʱʵǣϵɻ꽣Ҳǽڽ
鱦֮ն۹ħ˫ۣȻ۹ħԿ
㣬۹ħŭһ͵Ļ۾֮г
ۣ֮һĶҰ˵
ȷǸö۹ħ˫Ҳ͵˵ͷ
ħ˿ǷȻǵҪӶǵͨ


414 ӲӲ
۹ħһֻ˫һħ˫֮ϣһħϻڸת֮£ħȻͬһ
üͷһ壬ħܹϹʱںʿսȻǺöԸġ
һָʮھ׻ʽڿ۳һ޽ն۹ħ
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ħħ߶γɵħȻϬޱȣʿķɽɵҪʱնʮھ׻ʽγɵľ޽Ȼˡ
ڹħһ֮ʣɫ޽ͻȻɫ绡ӽȻ˸
ԭռϷĺɫУһӴЩ𻡣͡һ˲߽⡣
ɫ޽û˿ֵ֮£˳ƼдŴִ𻡣ħͷݺն¡
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Ķ٣ڹһξͳʮ֮⣬޽Ȼһնա
ħһͣºɫȻһ꣬źɫâֶ
ڹŹΪ˺ɫìֱ졣
ħһҧ⣬ۡۡھѪѿ˺ì֮ϡ
ʱ˹ìһ󣬻ΪѪ֮ɫ
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޽һذһ±֮Զ
ͷͬʱ֮֮
ԶָӾ޽ͣɫѪһƬ֮˼ɫͻظ糣
޽ܴ;޽ȻܵһЩۡ
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Ѫìһ֣⻪һ֮£Ѫì˲仯ΪֻѪɫ֣Хһؼ׷ȥ
ȻðȻӵа׵ķųȻջȥ
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ͼˣаϲϺޱ飬Ե쳣
ʱԶѪɫԱڷɽĶ࣬ɫֻɳȥͱֻȺ׷
ۼֻѪȻڷɽһ£ҪӲץȥȴзŲæһߡ
ԭɢҵڷɽһͻȻһ֮ΪһƬϼƿնȥ
ɲǼ侹һ
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ħˮĳѪɫһУѪأһѪɫС
һХӹħзʮ֮ħ׵͹ȥħһΣħ˲ʧΡ
ħѹͲüͷһ壬һ̧Ͻɫ绡ʱֱֻΪһŵƬħض¡һâĿҲɫһɨ
ϣ¶һ˿ɫ
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䣡һεĻӺɫĻ֮г
Ҳ֪Ƕ۹ħˣ
СһǣˣЦһ
ֻֻһɫǼ׵ĳӳǻ֮У
ߣҵĻ֮۶κηЩˣ۹ħЦһ
鲢ûԤϵǰ㷢չ֮еĳӷǵûб֮ȥ磬ˣĻ澹Ȼһֲٶʧ
ʼɣõ͵Щɻ׷֮С
ͷħ֪ԵʱһҾ˰εضͬǣһҾ˵Ļһװ׵ĹǼױ
˺ħɭ׹֮ɻ档
һµʱҲЩɻӽѹͷɻѾΪƷ棬ȻûͻƣǱ޴
ٶֻɻɵҾ˱һεĸΪǿ
ۣ֮۹ħԼĻ֮ۻ˵Ĳ
ʵˣ۹ħβʣĻ֮۵ȷ˲Ҿ˷ֺ
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۹ħͽˣ֮󣬾רĶԸ۹ħˣҲͷħ֮ѶԸһˡ
Ҳܲ˽ˣԸҪСģһͻȻڱ
Ѫ
һֻ޴ӰȻϣʮ֮ޣͨѪ죬Ѫıģ
Ӱֺ󣬾һ춯صĳֱһɫ䡣
һգӰȻһһ䣬뺫Ӱ
Ѫ͸壬̸ֳһѪͼģС
ʱѪ˸յֱֳۣĴָСѪɫƬӨ쳣
ͷһʹҲֻСǣѪ
Ҳʮָ⣬û˼Ӳ쳣Ϭָס
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ͽѪһһ̱۹ħߣצ͵¡
䣡춯صıը۹ħȻһˣ޼᲻ݵֱ۶ʹ
ôܣʹ޼Ҳôǿ۹ħŵĿԼ˫ϵļץۣײ֮¾ȻԿˡ
Ȼڵ֮ѪƺҲõǿĵ˵ͷ
Ǻö֮УһЩӵѪʿҲǼԴҪŪĶ˵
͵˵ͷҲΪĹϵתΪ֮ʱǿ˲٣Ը۹ħҲռϷ硣
ӰħͱħõӴˣûʲôԵֵħıЩۻķһغϾͱն䣬ٿĻͱɱˡ
ɻһ棬ȻûռʲôϷ磬Ҳάһܵľ档
֮۵ȷȴֻǵһĻ湥ǿɭ׹̶ֳȣ޷˺Ҿˡ
۹ħҲرѻ
ֻҪһֳʤôսֱ˲дڿһսϷ磡


415 ħ
۹ħĿѾɰ˰͡
Ҳζ벻Լ˾ȻᱻһССԪӤʿƵֵز
ȻֳǾսҪǾԹ־ܣͻʸ
۹ħ¶һ˿ݵ顣
ͻȻѪâһĽԼһֱֻն
˿ڴ⻬羵һѪҲûԵù֮
ϱ۵˲䣬ͱһֻһץСһſڣھѪ絽ϣͬʱͳϹ
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˽׹ף鲼ħ
һӶ£˿˿ħ
۹ħ˽ǰһᣬͬħע룬Ȼ˺ɫâѸپǡ
ͼĻЩ⣬ͬʱԴħһݡ
Ȼ֪ԷԲֶα仯Ĵ˽кԴֶηͬСɡɲ˿ӡ
һתҲԴȻ˫ֳֽĽϵɻ꽣һ׼е۹ħݺһնȥ
ɲԷǹǽӼµĻᣬ̾ͷ˹
ʮɳɫâϢնɭȻѹ¡
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һâС˽ںڽâڼдӹǽնֱӭ˿еâ
Ƭ̺âײһ
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ħδһ
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͵Ľ۹ħսˣȻϵɻ꽣Ľâ
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۹ħ˫鱦ܽסǽƳɷض
𣡡һھѪ۹ħϵĹǽһһâѸײڶ֮ƺݺݵն͵ؿڣ
ͣ͵ؿھȻնһҵ˿ڣѪע
һȻͣǲû˵ҪѪɫۼ׵ֵ˴
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ѪĻָȻ鴫³̾
Цһϵɻ꽣һף
𣡡һֱ
һʮɵѪͻȻս֮УѪһצѪħ
ѪħǽֵѪȴó棬һצ֮ĹŽܲסڣ
ɣѪзһߣѪħһѪѪħڡ
¡Ѫħ˲ըѣڿγһƬѪ꣡
ѪѪѪ꾹ȻȫеѪϣϵѹֻʣʮҵĵɫѪҺ
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ģˮ촽һɴĹħ֮Ѫ˳ħӿ޵֮С
˹ħ֮Ѫע룬͵쳤Хħ֮Ѫ˵Ǵ󲹣ʵĺö
Ѫ˵ͷ֮ǰްæ޵ʵȴе㲻ˣħһ鱦ֵ֣ʸûС
۹ħƬ֮ۺӰ͵ϣﻹҶºڹһ׼ܡ
°ɣѪһβһɨ
ʹǶ۹ħҲ޷Ѫȫһһβһ飬һ٣
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ҾȵĻ˲֮У
תһֱ۰ϸа˶۹ħҲս˶۹ħ
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һǿǵ壬Ҫͨʿǿʮ
ɨս֮ͽ㣬Ϊһ׹ʧʡ
Щִʿϵ֮ʱѾʱ֮ˡ
ǿϲȱĹħʬʱ򣬱һֱð
ʲôĴھȻ˶̵ʱڻɱͷħ
ڱ;ѦʱȴѾصѩ濹ѩ濹㱨ŴսĹ̡
ѩ濹ͱͷħ׷ɱ֮ʱɫ䣬·Ǳһ㣬ĿűΡ
ˣѩ濹૵
ಢûпǱͷħ׷ɱѦ࿴ѩ濹һۡ
Ȼû˵꣬˶֪ͷħ׷ɱʲô³
һͷħܹʿˣѩ濹һλڶûлɴ˿֪ħжǿˡ
ͷħʹǻʿҲһս˰ɡ
°ɣѩ濹ǿž˵
ǣ͸ˣѦ΢΢̾˿
ͱϾȹôˣҲϧ
ˣôˣһ֮£ϣһӨı顣
ʹԸţʹΪܣͷħ׷ɱ֮£ʿ֮г˻Ϲû˸˵ܹӵ
ʹģҲֻܽʵ
ոţ˵ͷħ⵽ʿĹȫոճȥѦͻȻ˽
ѩ濹һ㶣漴Ǵϲأô
ϡϡѦ֧ſѩ濹
˵˵ôˣѩ濹󼱡
䲻Ѧ˵˳
˭֪ѩ濹ȴûʲôУ䲻Ҳ˵ûˣҾ֪Ҿ֪ûô
ңѩ濹㽫ݷ׳ҲҪҵѩ濹˷ܵ˵
ֻҪûûϣ


416 ʯɽ
սʹͲҲ˾֪ˡ
ͷħ׷ɱ׷ɱͷħȴ촦ȴ䲻
ЩʿΪնɱͷħ
Ǵһȴܵ˴ʿĺǳ⡣
һԪӤڵʿˣ˲ҲӵһЩСͨʿܹʹʿᲢۡ
Ҫ֪ʿǻʿΪǿһˣʹʮһʿҲҪ׳֦һʿ˵һ
֮ǰĦϺѩ濹λֲŲնɱһͷħ˶ˡ
ѵһԪӤڵʿܱλʿֻҪ
˵ȥû˻ţ
ںħԴҲֻԾȰˡ
һ֮гǻʿ֣ͨԪӤʿҪնɱͷħϼѡ
һΣͷħһҲζŶԷͬʱͷħս۾Ҳֻлʿˡ
ѵĸϹֳˣħҡҡͷ
ˣںħ˵һӰ춼ûС
ֻҪһɽ֮ϣڲ֮ء
ݵĻʿκħȴ֪⺡ħı¡
ڣǻʿ֣ħҲηˣ
ʹʱȴǴ֮Уһ˼Ͷ֮С
һΣӹħϵõĲϿɶǼƷ˵۹ħһֻۣ֮۹ħֱ۾ǼѵõĲϡ
鱦ֱֵۣܵƳɷɽĻֵܹ֮ⷲ⽣ķָ
ۣ֮ƷҲ֮ѡ
һ˫ɽͿѪˣʣĸ𶼱Уһη
һ˫֮ϵħ˲ʧĸɸɾȡ֮һƬȻ֮
۹ħҲ벻;ȻֱƳһ˫˺Ȼķɽ
۹ħһ۱ĶϣƷ½˵һ˫ɽѾǷ֮вɶõķ
ǻۣ֮пɣ治ǹħħ棬޵ĺܡ
ȴѲͣƣ£ͻ֮۱ħںϣʹû֮۱ɽһԪӤڵʿմ
⼸֮Ҳ¶Цݡ
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⼸ʵͲף˵ƻ˵ǿѶȶ˵ڿԳܵķΧ֮ڡ
۽׼Եˮ
˽ᵤ֮ʱûʲôõķҲʵޣֻҪǽӤɹԷϵԭȵı۽Ϊı
һٶȻһʱûʲôս͵ıݻһȻͲˡ
һöۣ֮ǷԼϡ
Ͼܹ֮۵ǿ
ҲɵΪһöۣ֮ȥԼۡ
辶֮֮󣬰ԼüĴ
͵üĴһɫϸߣǻ֮۵ڡ
ƽʱʹõʱ򣬸޷ֻ۾ֻ֮һҲһ㣬Ľǻ
֮ҲΪ͵ṩһѵͨ
ѾĻԵȴʲô֮ͨϡ
ϵ֮ȷʵмŲͨͽʱյΪͨҲˣѶĵʲôЧ˺
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ļУ֪ĦŵصĵλĦ¼ǽ·ڶˡ
Ħ֮Ϲټǲ֪кõľ޴񣬲òͼɵ֡
Ҳֻʱ£Ħ֮ǣƣĦҪһ߻Ҳʲô׵顣
ףˡͼٷ֮ƺһϤӰ
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һ٣û뵽֮Ҳ˰
Ǻþòˣ͵Ц
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ʯɽҲɫһ䣬ͻԪһڵĳǿǰǵӵġ
˭뵽ӾȻܹӳ죬һĲΪһԪӤʿ
ʯɽ͵Ϊһ˵͵Ϊʯɽ֮ϣ
ѾԪӤڵΪˣӳǿɺã޳һ
ʯɽûʲôԹޣʱʯɽѡҲ޿ɺǣǻ͵ĻҲͬѡ
ˡʯɽɫеѿ
ˣѵûͻƣһ㶡
ǲܵưˣһ뿪ݽᵤͼǱض֮¡
һѾʯɽЦһ
ƺҲǲͲûʲô֮ģҲ뵽ԼŴ
ԪһڣͿޱưܵ¶һ˿Ļ֮顣
ϾҲڻԪһ֮ģΪĵһʦĽ̵˵Ǻޱ
ʹϵҲģҵ֮һӶǡ
ݣͬݣʯɽε̾˿⼸֮͸¶ʯɽеĿ
ݿɣɲô򵥵ġ
ʯɽѾԪӤڵΪԪһֻһɰˡ
е˶˹ģʿһССļ嶼磡
굽׷ʲô£ͿưܵĻԪһ̾˿
²׷²䣬֪жôĿ㣡ʯɽޱįĿ͡
ݣʯɽһǳݣĪ˵ݣ֮УʿҲΪͨһˡ
ǣճ֮ʱħδʿ׷ᡣ
ʹдŲܿλᵤʿ׷ɱҲֻǶһʱ֮ˡ
һ֮Уʯɽͬɥ֮Ȯһ㣬ʿ׷ɱӵҲⳡ׷ɱ֮ɥֻʣʯɽһˡ
ľսȹһ֮ʯɽϵħҲʧⲢζĿӵͷˡ
ڴԲھʿ˵΢ǿһˣҪ˸ɫ
ʯɽʲҲ֮µõһᵤʿĶƾ趴֮еĵҩͻƳΪᵤʿԼ޷ȥ


417 ֮
ʯɽûܴﵽڵĵزȫǿԼһһġ
˵ܹһѾǷǳˡ
أҿĺܲʯɽ͡
ǰɣҲֻáЦЦ
ƴ뿪ݣʣµ˿¾ֻҶˡʯɽ̾˿
ǵδأ֮ʱ˵
ʯɽһ
𣿡ʯɽʵ
ӦùĻɣԪӤӦû⡣Ц
ʵԼûмˣڽ״ҲǺ˽⡣
Ԫһֻ֮аӣҲ¶һ˿ɬ
ʱԪһҲǵһɣǵ棬ȴǿάֶ
ЩӶʯɽӷ֮ѡģʶ̫á
ϾʺõĶȨƵɴˣﻹֵõʯɽ
Ҫһɳ֮ڳһӵĸʵ̫Сˡ
΢΢̾˿һټ˵ϡ
Щնɱʿķڵ˵ѾûжôָµӰɡ
ʯɽ˵ͷлˡ
ʯɽطҲֻˣʯɽĿе֪һ뿪ݵʿѾ޼ܹڵĻ϶ǽӤɹġ
Ƕʿ˵ӤһʹһЩʾѵʿҲǿһ档
ڴݳʿ˵粢á
Щ͵ǰϻЩ˿Զ޷˰ɡ
ͿЦһóһö򣬽Ժ֮еġϵӡ֮С
һϵڵãҲǲǲĻ°ɡ
ʯɽһ㶣֮Ĺϵȫ˵Ѻãȴһٳ
ǿʦϰɡʯɽ̾˿
ұϾǻԪһڵĵӣҲ뿴ԪһΪͰ򽻸ʯɽ
ͽʱյ۹⣬⡶ϵѾ㲻ˣϾҲǵص󷨾ͨԪӤʿ˵Ҳǲɶõġ
ݣҲԻȥһˡа
Ƿ񣬻ħĲϹսϹſЩݶϧĶȴݻõġ
ݻһĵط
ʯɽһ֮ͱ뿪˻ԪһڣֱķС
ݣ뷨һ֣͵Ժ֮о޷Ĩȥ
ڵʵҪһӡҲ£ڻԪһڵ¿ǻһͷëȸɫ۲˺þˡ
ʱ޷ֵֻëȸΧĻǽʱյټɵ
ֱӶһƷʯһһ̱ݵؽ硣
һԩΧɽ壬ǵˣ
ᦱ뿪֮ʱǿ˲٣˲ٵԩ꣬ҲһЩ۵Ҫڵע⣬󶼳Ϊᦵ˰ɡ
ڵ֮ͽµĶݹҲֱͣӳݷȥ
о仰ӣʹΪԪӤʿһ뵽ҪصԼļ磬еļơ
˵ʲôҪݣǸĵطô˵ҲǴ󾪣
ζʲô¿̫ˡ
ħ֮ʱȵ¼ıݣϹʿܲŻʩչӡһ֮طӡ
ȥ֮أȥҲͳˣ´󾪡
ҾǴģ͵һЦϵɻ꽣һֲĽâֱӻӡ
ͽһѸٴһӡ֮С
ʹһɲǣһӡ˲ϣ
Զ޸ʿȻͬ죡͵˵
漴ϹһϤľ󾡽Գǰ
ǵɸ΢΢һЦ
˴ˡһµʿüͷһ塣
ôܣ֮⣬˭뵽֮أһ㶡
ʵǿԪӤڵǿߡҡҡͷ
ֻҪǵͿˡʼ
ض˵ݻϹʥѪ棬һҲ֪Ǽ١ʵ
֪Ϲʥ֮ΨһɫˣֲֿͨʹϽҲδӵСд֮ߡ
ݲһ֮أôȥһᵤʿ֣ܹвĶͲڡ
ݵ͸Ͳ֪Ȼ˻źͬĿĽݡ
ʱѾվյĻԪһǰ
ݵһɣȴɽŶޱȵƾɡ
գԪһھ񾡳ȴһ˷أ˵ԪˣɽŶס
̾˿һӣһ쫷Ԫһǻҳɽ˲ָԭȵӡ
ͽ䵽ȵ֮ʱһθܵǾ˵
ʹڵ۹⿴ҲǼİ磬ʹ֮Ҳδеطܹȣʵɫѳ
ͬɥ֮Ȯһӳȴһλˡ
䣡֮ʣһӰѸٳ
ѣ벻㻹ţ΢΢һЦģһֻֻɫƽӰöصġ
ѣƺյľ͵ʱ෴أ΢΢һЦģһֻɫľֱӽӰ˵ϡ
ԭһֻ룡΢΢һЦ
ܹ֮֮еֻȸĻһ꣬ҲʲôͨĻɫ
ͲûҪɱֻ˼һƴͱãӽ֮С
Ҽǵõʱͷģھֻһֻӭ𣿡΢΢һЦ
ԪӤڵѹ˲֮أ
𣡡
𣡡
𣡡
ౣ
֮֮д޵
Ƿŭ֮г˲־壡
͵ʵ̫߳࣬ʹЩóһֻݺݣǶ˵ʵ̫ǿǿ˼ûСǱߣǱߣԪӤʿ֣
ƺҲ޵ĺһֻȸƺҲ棡
ãֻȸҪǱ˽ȵǣһ뵽̲סһ
ߣߣ˵꣬˱㻯ΪһݹֱԪһڡ
ͿͷſԼǰϲ¶һ˿ŹֵЦݣԼû뵽Լ̬
ĵëȸȴô룬һ͵ëȸоͳ˷ŭĻ档
ǵãǰˣëʹķ˰ĹŽʧβë³
ŶβͳˣҲζɫ˰ɣ͵ЦëȸԵޱȵĿֲ
͵ʵѾ̫߳ˣֵûУԪӤڵѹͲЩֻжֿܹġ
ʹЩ϶һ˿޵ѪӴĵȼѾǿһ˿Ѫתġ


418 ͨ
һΣҲǰЩ޵ݸˡ
һͷ֮⣬޾Ȼͨɫ߿˵һ˿޵Ѫ
ֻëȸͲ˵ˣʣͷ޾Ȼ䣬Ͱ׻
ҲǵѪ⣬ȴѹǲһ޵Ϣ
Сˣ̲ס°͡
֪ԼܹܵǶôˣһͷ޶ܹԸģʹСӰҲһ
һƺöȤĿͷޡ
䣬׻˵֮Ҳ쵱Ĵڣһͷëȸ֮ȴڡ
ϾϹʥҲǴһ֮УּҲʥƺûз磬ͨɫȻҲᴫ֮С
Щ츳ܵݵƣ˵Ѿܹˡ
ôҪշЩɶ޺ᰡɳԲǸСЦ
ȻȻڵѪѾޱȵϡһһЩԽǵѪᴿ͵˵ͷ
ĻɲʲôʱģҲһνûлˡ
ڵʵҪշǸûκε⣬һӣͷ޾ͺ޵ֿı֮С
⼸ͷ޺ܿͻ
ڵëȸ³βëȻǱЦˡ
βë͵ɫﵽԲټ֮ص֮ɫһͨȻǣԪӤʿǰҲһս֮ġ
Ӧðβëĺ棬ſʱ˶ΪһֻȸˡЦ
ͷ˷ۣҿɲ뱻˵ˣ
мƺ˵ˡɫһ䡣
ʲô顣
һֻöͬʱҲܶ鷳̾˿
üͷһ壬ɫĳ˲̴ţ
ǻӰһ
ǴеĲ͸ƶ֮ԭµĲˡ
ۣһĳһֻɫˡ
Ʊ赭дĻ⡣
ǿˣЦ
ȷʵǡ͵˵ͷ
Ȼһ棬˵ʵԱĦϻҪǿһ㣬Ի֮״ƶˡ
˵ˣͿ˵ķ̲֮סüͷ
ɲǵã˵ʲôԹ
ϵϵͨ׶֮ƫƫλ㲻˺ĳ˺𣿡Цһ
Ħϴսһͼ¼ˣϲ¶һ˿Ц
ĵ˵ͷû뵽ƺҪҵˣȻǡ
ȻˣͱŹɱ
Ƕ˿;ǿŴ׵ĸһ㣬ûаͷ
ƣģӯ꾣ţ֮ƺʮеġЦһ
֪ĺɫһ䡣
֪֮ʮе˲٣;ԲڴС
֮ʱ֮екţ˵ͻƣض룬ƺҲ¶ˡ͵ĿŶˡ
ͻЦһ֮еȷʮеģǳغͻ֮⣬λͻ˲֪ٽˡ
֮ҲֻӵʮŵĲĳԱԱеĽָ
ֻҪӵָʹֻһССʿҲʹ֮κηʽԱʹԪӤʿҲһ
һһ⣬ƺûʲôڣڴ֮ǰҲ֪ͼ¼ΪҪʹɱ֣ʵ
һˣͲҪ֪Ϊʲôһ
˵֪ͼ¼ʱ򣬾Ѿעֻ֮һܹǲݵľ档
˫һֻ֮֮е˲䳯
¡һ˲佫Ͱҵıը֮д
ڲը
ɵĺãһֱըԽĳɫˡЦ
ûһз֮вϴҵıը
ʱϱһɫĹĻڸǣⱬըȻңȴȫһɫĹĻ¡
ףһϹսףȻ𻵣ͻǽս޸Һķ˴ĲϽ
ҲֻͨΪλǿıըɻ
ţⱬըܹ֮ΪƽأԪӤڵʿδܵס
ұϰٵ
ͻȻһҵĻζδըһɫĽâѾп
Ȼе㱾£͵ѣҲΪ⣬Ҳֻ̽Թˡ
̽ԹȴҲԪӤʿɥ
˲ͨĶ˸ĸоƺͷħҪΣա
ҲܲȻܹıը֮ӳɲʲô˶ܰ쵽顣һ˫ֱأ·ǿϷһ㡣
ǲһ𣿡һ
ûҪĺһ
ܹ˵ˣÿ϶һ־˵ϹŽлƵĲ֮
ȻûƶǰֲҲǺöԸġ
һʿĵطڲ֮أܹٿеΪսǽǷǼǿ
ֻ΢̧һ֣֮ص˲۵ߣƯš
£ͨ𣿡ͱһҲŵˡ
ƺеӳ񣬵ȴǲ»˻Դ
ôͿʲôر֮һ׻ʽһɫĽâն
Χ·յʲô̼һ㣬Ļ۵ǰһɽһȻͱЩ
ûõģҵֻҪҾǲܵģһ
ֻΧ۳һֻצ
ͻӽֵ
˭ֻ֪צΪץץס͵ľ׻ʽţ
е֮ʱͻȻһֲõԤУϱɫĻڣע뵽֮С
¡һֱͻȻը޴ıը˷Բ
ǿһЩɳԼΧֵǿҵıը
ڻģǿֲɴܶҪվţƾⱬըϡ
𾪵ǣϾȻһ˺۶ûС
ⱬըһӣ֮صҲһըңޱȵĻҡ
ȿȿȣÿֲ̳ͨɢɫͬһС̫һ㣬Ǻ֮ǰѾ˺ܶࡣ
֮ôܻ˴ͨûжʲôҲŵĿ
͵ʵһ֮оͼǿˣʿδκε
֮Уһ˱ӵǿ


419 
Ϲսס¶һ˿мɫ
ܹһֱը֮³ƺûжٵ⣬ЩǿθС˰ˡ
;ô˵ĻôĻ˺ܶȤ
Ͼʿ֮УҪһʹһʿҲס
ǰܹԵеԪӤʿҲ޼
ҲɫĿˣһ˾ǿʵһ˱ȻҲȥһսе㼬ˡ
ңʹõ֮ͨǰûмҪǣƽȴӳ˾˵
뵽ûУõĵʲôͨʹߴٵ
еüĿȴȷɫӵĿһۡ
Ҳ벻֮ⷲл˼ֵɡ
˵
֮һʿһʿͨƣȴΪ֡еܽԼȫɻٶԼ˺ӵܹһл۾̾˿
˵ǰһˣ͵ɫеѿ
е޵츳ͨ˵Ӧþǿˣһ綼ϡ٣ڷвļ޽ӽ㡣˵
޽ӽҲζŲǣǵǰվһһʿͿЦһ
ϲȱţȻһ֮еġ
ƾԪӤڵʵԽһԪӤڵʿú޻֮ʹǴʿҲǺ
ʲô㣿ʵ
Ҷǵһμ㲻Ҫָˡε˵
˵˰죬Ҳ֪Ը̲ס˷ۡ
ͽٻͷͿܣȻ֪㣬ôҳ
ͷͿֳܷĸλһ빥
Ϲſܣбһâ
ץãĺ
˵ͷҾ֪ô˵
ͻƱȣҲԶˣƵʱŻ֪ʲôĹ֮мһϡҡҡͷ
һ뵽ƵĿֲֶΣ亹ֱð
ǻ˼죡Цһ
ƺûȤͣԾ˫ֱأ⡣
лᵹҪǸˡЦ
˲ʱˣںضĻǺȤġ
һ仰ţ»ֻûмƵˣŻԻôȤ
ڻ֮дһ˵ƳͷβһͻȣЩ׶ĹħŮһɰˡ
꣡ͷͿеĳ͵Ĵ֮С
һ̷·ʯһ㣬Ȼʹһ
ΧɳһתͷͿֱܵ˲䱻飡
һ˲ͷͿԱˡ
˽ıըȴûиһ˺ȫɳ
һɳ˲˵
һ㣬Ҳ֪һ
Ľһʶͨ
ֻҪһ˲ʧ޷Щɳ;а취նɱ
ˣԤϵǣû飬ͻȻתһͷԵȥ
רŵʶķ´󾪣
ڲ֪ѾˣЦһ
ٿɳһѾӵ˾ǿķ͹һ£ʲô͹Ƕġ
ʶϿ˵Ψһˣȴһʶķֲ
ͰӵĽҪʶ˺ǲܵ飬ǵû˺Լܵʶɡ
ʹŭ
ô죿´󼱣ԷΪߣ̫ˡ
ô죬Ӳƴ֮ͨʹϵɻ꽣ҲδЧ
ֻԾԵһɳ
𣡡Ѫһ
һţһ̱԰˰̬ߣһɳһצ¡
ͻȻϮҲһĻΪڵӡ
˭һͻȻһﶼη壡
ͻʲôϵĵ㶼ɳˡ
ԭΪֻлǽȴһϿ
䣡צݺݵ¡
ɳȻסһצȴ޷һǿ̲ס
ߣʽ¾ɣ㲻ܣһ
ɳȻ𵥴ƴһ㣡
ۣһȭ
һΧɳȴûһһӲǱޱȵ͵ֺ谭С
ȴûκεϲɫַ·ɳ֮һ㣬޷ְѣԽɳľԽ
һɾɳ֮д漴һͬʧһޱȵĿ񱩣
¡ں޷֮£ֱӱⱬը֮С
ըķΧȻΧһңȴƵЧ
ϾըķΧһ򣬲ŻñըΪǿᣬΧıըֻڻսʱŻá
ĲҡҡͷҲǽ׽ˣϹſô죿
Ūֱӽ꣬档ɵЦ
𣿡ͻȻһѪ͵סĲӣ
ܣ۾ɵͬͭһ㡣
ոǱըжôǿԼˣʹǻһҲǰ
ȿȿȡ͵Ŀ˼
Ȼûⱬը֮ɥȴҲܵ˼˺ȫµۼ׶ըɣұۣԿɭȻİ׹ǡ
۵ķ֮¶ܶô˺ⱬըʵǿ˷˼ĵز
ѪӵмǿĻָʹۻ壬ҲԳŲ
һǿˣһöƷѪ龧ֱӱȥ
ҲֻѪ²ܰ쵽ƽʱûôõڡ
ֻѪǺ˵˿ڸԭ
ǿĻָ޼ˣһ
ôʧƺҲҪһرҶǼʶķȽϸȤ͵ּ˼
һ󣬼ҪĲӸˣȻ죬׳ǸҲֻһͨԪӤʿˣǿȻ޷ӵ֮Ѫʿȡ
ǣǡԼֹǱϵ
ţ׼ɱʱ򣬼ϸСɳͻȻƮ
ãʹ󾪣ϵּ˼֡
һʱ֮侹Ȼ޷ȥ
飡ؿͻȻһ룬۶һ֮ըѡ
˸ǵ˳ȥĳˣ
Ƿһ飬ȿȿȣͲϲӵޱȼѵ˵
ǾǷŰɣǰ˲򵥣˫Ķ͡


420 ĵ
ʵȻǺкܴĹϵ
ѾһʱˣԪӤʿܹ֮ӲδըļûС
˵˽ľ£ɳǣ͸ķһв
͵ץһɲǣȫ޷Щɳɵķ޷ֵѸ͵һצ
֮Ѿ൱Ĭжĵһʱͳ֣λþҪˡ
ˣôλҲͳ˻ΪƵλˣһҲʮʱˡ
һڱϣǱӲĽֻ˳󱻻ɡ
ƺӵڶ۹ħƿˣŵһ䡣
㸨һ
͵ٶҲ˵ȭͷ͵ײһ
䣡̲סһ
һȭͷ·Ǵһհһ㣬˰״̬¶þޱȵʹ
˼ӲƤ͹ʹҲɡ
ȻĵĹûнϸСɳӻĵȭͷ
¡ĵȭͷ֮Ϸ˾ҵıը
׵Уǿҵıըֱըɡ
ͻĶȭִʱҲǱըѪ죬ڻֻǲ˲Լȭͷ
һŪһ̫ˡĻͷ
ðɣߵĴæҿûдרõıըճ˷ۡ
ϣһȭ͵Ĵ˻ĵͷ­ϡ
ǻֻЦһ͵Ϯˬɣ
ƴһȭȻûжԻκεӰ죬ġ
һʵ̫Ӳˣһ˵徹ȻӲ̶ֳȡ
ʹһԼΪ壬Ҳӵ˼Ӳ壬ʹʩչһͨҲĵһ롣
òɣʵ
ǣӦá¶ԼƲⶼûġ
µķȻǧƣҲûĸ֮ӵﰡ
԰˰̬Եе͵˵ҲܽһɽһʹǻʿҲӲӲƺͲںһ㡣
ȻǹվںɵƳƳ졣
Ȼ츳ҲԼĵƣĵƱǿ塣
ʹȫԸҲֻը˻ģҪɱһͲܡ
𣡡ŭһѪһֶޱȵޡ
ཻ͵־Ȼץס
޼壬ټ壬㻹ҵĶ֣Цһһ
꣡͵ұ˲ըѣĹһ֮±˷ĩ
ҲĵһѤãȴ͸Ϊͷʹ´ֳǿʿ˭еܼ֡
ֻҪ㽻ͼ¼ҽϹſҿԿǷһһԾټˣĿ˵
Ҳ㲢ôǿ󣡡Цһ
ֻһӰɫĵâ
ɫĵâֻüͷ־ͽ⼸ɫĵâ
ܣʹ󾪣⻹һοܹӲħ
⵶һ򵥵ۡ
һһֱ˻ĵĲϣǱ˵˵ģһӡӶû
ħû˿ķӣ
ѵģˮ߲ĿŻġ
ӣȻǲԸˣôɣЦһ
漴ڻĵȭͷһȭס
ھ֪Ϊһ
һȭ
ͲӲӣ׹һһȭ
¡ǽıըһ壬һ̻ĵȭͷѾؿڣ
䣡Ŷը
Ľղ壬ټеıըϿ˵޷죬ȿɱ˵ˣͬʱֲ˵Լ
ۣ֮ʹŭǶͷħûгԹôĿ
͵üĴһֻ۾ͻȻһεĻȻ
ֻۣһԽԽǸˣƺһ
ֻȭͷڴ֮ʱȻ㲻
¡ը˲佫洵ɢ
ѵǹҲǴΪѻ𣬱׷Ŵĸоɲܡ
ȭͷִ͵֮ϣըٴ
ʹѪĻֲָҲ޶ô
꣡͵߹Ǳĸ
һ嵽ʲôģͷŭĺ
Ҳģ˵
ôܣʹ󾪣
ӦüǽԼƳɿأˣ
뷨ȻܼˣҲǲܣƺϵϹſرĸȤ
ǽԼƳɿҲûзգЩ޷Ƴɿܵġ˵
˵࣡ǰһϵɻ꽣һƿգֱײ˻ĵؿڣ
벻ǣһȻ˳ؿڴͲҪ
ЦһƺµʲôΪһὫԼҪ¶𣿡
³ĻĸɴҲڣֱһȭɡ
һﾹȻĽԼƳ˿ܣ־ŭ
ʵϣ֮ǲȱЩ߼˵ˡ̾˿
˵Ϊ˸˽⵽Լһ顣ǿɬЦݡ
ʱп͵ס˻ĵȭͷұֱըһΡ
ͻսֱһƽĶԾʮȭδػЧһȭҪ
ǿټıըƥУ
ҲƹӲֵزģͻǵһμ
ֵܹ¼ôõʱ䣬ǵһ˵ҲһսˣĿһţһҪ͵
ҲӲӣ˭֪⽣ʲôŹ֣׹ܿһ
죬ɣֳֽ
ɫ䣬ȭͷԽӼȭ⽣Ļһܽ˰ɣ
ǣȻ䣬ɫһ䣬Ȼұ֮ϳһϸСİӡȻСǵȷǴڡ
ˣ
ȻĵѾûʹĸоȷǿˡ
ֻ͵ָһͨףмȴһϽɫϸߵĽâڲϵĴת
⽣â𣿡üͷ
ȴ뷨һܹ֮˺ѾָϹҲԣǰ˾Բԡ
콣벻㻹һͨ·˷·޵׶ΪɽˮʱܻһЩµĶð
͵˵ͷþòˣ㶼ǻһͨˡ
ͼȡ˴֮еĽ콣֮У콣
ļѾͬնˡ
֮ϣҪννֲ֮ӰΣɱ֮䡣
֮бȸҪӲĽûж٣˸Ϣ콣Ƿ
ƾĻǻԻƻޱȼӲ壡


421 ر
ƾȻ޷˺ĵ壬Ǹһأ
ָֻһһٴܳϵɻ꽣֮ϣ
һ˲䣬ϵɻ꽣ϹʢɫĽâͬʵһ㣬ϵɻ꽣γһ㱡ĤмһϽɫϸȫϵɻ꽣Ϊһ塣
ĽʹǸʮɶĸо
ͻɫ䣬Ҳû뵽ͱƵزȻ
ҲǼΪ࣬Ҫʡá
ɲԭȾһ˿콣ǧ֮Ѿܹ콣ͨĽâˡ
ǰݳޣֻܰɱʹá
˹Ȼ͸²ƲƲ졣
ˣŵƻǺõġµĳȻûзϡ
˭֪㻹ûеأ·˷ۡ
ĵҲ¶һ˿֮ɫԷһһ֮ס
бҪֵز𣿡һ㶡
ͻĺȻֻмʱ⣬ǴսСս°ٳһβʵǿĵˣǻĻǵһҪһ֮ס
Ҳ񲻾ζţĹԼ޷֤ܹ
֪Ҿͽըճˡһӣڻĵһ֮ס
ЩҲãֻɱ˴ˣǲܰȫһ
ʱ˾ϲϷŪˣԭռžԵϷ磬ǽһǿʼɵˡ
һһɫĽâֱն˻ģ
䣡һնһ֮֮ϣ˲˱ը
ⱬըһâⱬըڻ˵Ҳˡ
ܵ壬Ͳ֪ʹֻҪը壬ôըν
һ֮׵ķҲǿȴĲٿ֮±һԵֵͽâס
նĽâεѸֻͣҪⱬըһͣҲʣ߳ɵ
ߣҾɱ㣡еɱһֻüĴ۾֮һ͵ĻֱӴ
һͺޱһηų
󾪣˫һУһܵǰ
ǻûеЩɳѣЩɳѾ֮ˡ
ЩǷҪбըճڣˣŭһ
ıȫ棬ʧȥһͨԪӤʿεֵסںĻ֮棿
һ¡
ȻһʶⶫҲֻǶʶЧֹΪˡ
䣡ۿ֮Ҫɵʱһֻȭͷ͵ĺ˻֮棡
ǻ̫֮ǿһֻȭͷ˷ɻҡ
ҲΪӮһʱ䣬һ㵲ǰ֮ǿҪڻĵ壬Ƿ
ٹ䣡һֻپ߿ͬһǰ
ԪӤĿܣĶʱһ
ֶΰɣüͷ
һʦôûԼĿأҲӵϹſˣҲҿĿܰɣһ
ҡҡͷҪʧˣһŸˡ
ôˣЦһ
һپ߿ܴһţоȻϸ룬ЩϸһԽնڱΣ
ʹ͵ǿҲЩϸ֮ͻΧ
󣡡ŭһʮ׻ʽͬһŴϸһ򾡡
֮ǰûó׻ʽΪǾ׻ʽа׶޷˼ģھͲһˣȺս֮ǽǿ
ңҲţЩܵ嶼ͻǰǿ
ҿԻһɵĿʦЦһ
Цһһֻɻֱ֮УһҾ˺ηĳֻܡ
֮һâͬһ£
һն˻ĵұۣһϸСѷ죡
ǻδʮͷܾѾüͷһ壬նһâ
һ֮£ͷܱͷ­
ֱֳֳն
һδ㣡콣ף͸η塣
ˣϵɻ꽣͵Ŀ֮¿ʼת
⻹۹ħѧûйħڸת֮¶Էӳ˿ֲô͸˵ˣ
ཻ̣żĺ֮⣬ܵи
ת֮£ͬһѾһ㣬ƴиŻеĳ
Ĵ󾪣ҪջԼĳ⡣
֮һһֱӴ˻ĵϡ
ܵڵ޷͵һ
һ˻ĵԴ
Ȼ޷֪ĵҪôͽһ߿֫ˣ
Ǿһ˲䣬һֻɵĴͷ˹
ֻ򣬷еٶȼ죬һգ۵ĹѾ嵽͵ĻС
䣡
ըǿ͵ķӲǳ
ĿҲֻˣȻ֪һȥԻʲô𺦣ǻһٶ
ҲޱȵİգۿҪˣȻôˡ
䣡ͷܵĿһ档
ʲôܶУͣնһâɢһ棬漴ն⼫¿ܸ֫ˡ
ٹ俴ˣһʿҪͬʱٿһپ߿ѾܲףҪ⼸ͷսʿδܹ
ǻٵĿԽ࣬ĵĲٿҲУЩҲԽԽѶԸ
仹ҪǹʹҲǺɡ
һ߿ͻȻ͵󣬴Ӹ֮һֱӽͺͿܰһ
䣡͵һѪ
ѪˣͼæͳƷѪ龧ȥ
ž̶̵һ˲䣬һֻ޴ֱӽ˵ϣ
رᣡ˫ĵء
¶һ˿˳ʮ
ɲǼ䣬ĩһ㣬ɽѣ·һУΧϵ
е룬޴޷
ˣôȥǶӲˣĺ
˵ͷʮʱ³һɳֱӽͳ˱ըģ
ȣһӡ
䣡֮Ǵ˺漴һɰ
̫ˣıը£ʲôʣ£ĵ֮ͻȻðһܣС
ޱߵıըǵһ˴ıը
ʹԶڰ֮⣬лĵĿֵܵǶܸܵǱըĿֲ
ĵĿֲܶסˣ˿ֲͽҪܶôֲ
ԣһпѾնɱʿˡ
ĴҲνһ֮޷ʹԼˡ


422 ʧ
⡰챬ᡱ˵ΪǿĹˣԪһڶһ֮лΪ˻ҽ
֮ϳһǷԲľ޿ӡ
ҪЩɳ֮ҵĴɲһ׵飡Ŀǰľ޿ӿЦһ
Ҳ¡ҡҡͷ
˾޴ıըʹ֮ǰҲûκζΪҽ
Ҫҵͼ¼Ҳûа취ˡĿЦһ
˭Ҳ֪ĳըжôǿң˵һ޵׶Ҫ޾ɳ֮ҵһֻƴСƬǴ롣
֮ǰǿֲıըҲʿĩһ㡣
ԲﶼΪҽһֶҲڵʿУֱǷ˼
ûϢӦⱬը֮ˡʶһɨûз͵Ϣ
ǿıըǸηޱȵĻҲǱɡϳ˰
ĿЦҡҡͷֻв֪ƿֲˣŻ˵Щ
ƵĿֲĺϣ˿ֲǣӵв֮ܶôصˣʼնȥ
ǳţ»ǻȴе˽ƵĿֲ
ڻĿڵҲһЦˡ
Ѱͼ¼飬ͲǶ˸ġ
ҲΪͺһܣ޷Ѱɫ
ǵȻҲǵҪﵱ󹤵ĵز֮Ȼ˻ᴦЩ飬ΨһҪľǽһϱˡ
߰ɣ̾˿
һȻɱͣȴޱȵʧܣƵĶ챬ᣬĵİٹҲֻʣʮߣʧ룬ʹһɫĿʦҪ޸ôҲһ׵顣
οЩʧĿܶ붼Ѿ챬ը˷ɻңҪնûа취ˡ
ݵʿЩ޿֮Ѱ˼죬ϣܹŪһЩ
ǰ˶أĪ˵Ѱˣڵʿ׶ûа취
Щ̰ĵʿֱľˤ޿֮С
ö֮޿Ҳûˡ
ԪһѾį꣬ڶʮ֮ǰɴжˣемֵĶĸɸɾ
ºһСׯ֮У׽Ūһ۾Ĵˡ
ɵӣɵӣߣߣš
۾ƺԴԵԺ⣬ǾĺЩ֡
һɲ񵶵ĳ֮д˳̾Ϣ
ɵ壬ؼҳԷˣһǱСŮڼſں
Ŷˣɵӳ۾ϵĺڲɽϲɵҰָС߽֮СŮڵķ֮С
ɵ壬ִ˺öŶǴҲĶŶСŮǳݵɫ
СŮеĽͷףԼҴ֮Ϊǿˣ֮е˵Ҳһָˡ
СŮСΪ
СٻһѸɷڽɽ֮ʱ̵˰ӣʮعѡ
ɵҲСŲҰ˵ʱġ
ΪʲôɵСԼҲΪոռʱһãȻһɵӡ
ɵӵֿɲ򵥣ǿĽͷ׶ɵӵĶ֡
Էˡӳ֮дŮ˵
ŶŶԷˣСϲܽٻ˲ˡ
¹⣬ƣҰáǰĲȣСĿˮҪˡ
ֲԼҴ֮ѾǶˣǴ峤ҲδܳԵ
֣ȳԣٻ̲סÿӴС򱬳¹С֡
Ҳȳ԰ɡɵֻЦЦ
ҲɵһصˣԷСɵһûмɵӳԹˮûкȹ
ɵ˵ƺ˳ԷԷҪһ㡣
ûˣûˣһ֮дһ̾Ϣ
ٻɵӵЦһ𣺡㿴Ҹʲô
Ưɵ¶˴Цݡ
ٻһ죺Ѿһӵˡ
ĸ׵Ů˸ɵӺЦЦ
ǰôûз֣쵰ôŮأɵĽ֮д˷ŭ
ƺû⽣߶
㡭ɵһѾǳˡ
һѸٻ⻰һ˵ڣɫһ
ȻعѶ˵һ
һҲںɵҡҡͷ
ֶ֪ٻһ졣
֣ɵһ㶡
Ҫϲ㣬ⲻ͹ˣɵʵ
ҡٻһʱ֮Ҳ֪ηɵӡ
һŮӣȷҪһǿΪȻ޷ׯ֮ȥ
ɵֲ˵ȷһùޡ
Щ鲢˼򵥣һѸһڼѾܲˡ
ٺɵʲôϵĻôӵ˶ῴСܵ˵ӡ
һôֱӵģд
ţ۲ݣ㻹
ǲʡٻ̾˿
ڹʲôҿԵȣҿԵҡɵӿٻ
أɵ壬ҺöǿԿ𣿡СԼĶӡ
Ȼ԰ɡɵЦ
ҮСȲץ¹⣬Եա
ҵ֣ɵӿԼĳ΢΢̾˿
֮ʱֻһѽߣС˵Ҳһָ֡
Դǻңһ鶼벻ɵ̾˿
ķǣɵĵķҲƺõһ˿⡣
ҪԷҪ˯ڲҪˮȴĴɱǧʯһȭܽһ˸ߵʯ顣
Ľͷ׶ٻҲ˼֪ٻסһİˣȻǸλ
ǴǿĽͷҲɵһȭſ˵ϣͷʮɵ֣׺пܾͱһȭ
һϣɵĵʱҲֻݶϿǣ
һﵽʲôʱܸԭĽ͵Ļζ
ɵȴ͵һģˣ
㾹ȻҴң㾹ȻҴңС㡭ζĸˡ
ٶȥ࣡ɵһ
ɵôһв⽣Ͱˣ
أǸ쵰鱦Ȼ㵱ɲ񵶣ҲҪˣдŮ˵ʹ
ɵȴһֻǴĿϵķǣ
ͣظ˼䣬СһҪʮ߰˶Σ㻹ñСȥ࣡дŭ
Ȼ£
ɵӾȻͣ
ݺݵ;Ȼһģˣ;ȻҪһŮӳɻ飿
ʿмֱǷ˼Ҫ֪ǿ˵ģվһ𶼾߳ܣ˵ǳɻˡ


423 
һоҪӵرῪʼ˵ˡ
óرһ˲䣬ͱ㱻ɳѹֲҪӲĽ顣
ǵصĹҴ飬һЩɳӿ֮УǶԵˮ˵һѡ
뵽¶֮ɫ
𣡡ͶʱΪѪ֮ʮɵɳ֮вϵط
¡ҵıը
ը˲䣬ƬըƬͱǧٿס
ѪһѪ֮оȻʼԭ
һʼˣɳɵ֮Уըͬһ㡣
޾ıըͲƳɱѪ龧ϻָĵѪ
ʹӵѪ֮챬ֲֿĴУ޷ȫ
۵ķѪĻָ챬ǰԵùС
ҽ֮ͼʱóһűͨ
һȻǺǹһű
Ѫ֮еõĺǹڹű֮ҲǶĴڡ
۾ݣܹʤǹĹű˵ûУҲԲǶࡣ
һű챬˺˵Ѫˡ
Ҳѡ챬ͨĻͲκεĳЧ
ҽ֮Է˺ʹõķԽǿ˺ҲԽࡣ
͵ϳǹ֮ûиõѡ
׻ʽȷǲʮ׻ʽһףȱκһʹһҲѺԭȵĽĥϡ
ħϵɻ꽣Ϊûһ鱦ǹͳΨһѡ
¡챬һ˲ȫ
ǹ׵壬ǵֵƬ̣ǹͱֲը˷ĩ
ǵֵ֮һ˺ˡ
ʣ֮һԵӿ͡
Ī˵֮ˣڵ״̬ʮ֮һˣ֮һܽŪ֮˺ԽŪüˡ
𣡡ѪĿзʹ
Ѫⱬը֮вϵ٣飬٣顣
ޱ޼ʵʹ͵壬Լͣʹιȥˡ
ѪĻָǿҲֲرѪϵѪԽԽָٶҲԽԽ
ȥʱп޾ıը֮С
סǷҵģһɫӰϵɻ꽣֮г͵ϡ
¾ȻΪƣ͵ը˺
㡭˲һɺڰͰΧ
ϲ¶һ˿ЦݣպҪúòң
䣡޴Ȼƺһ޴ıըƷɣǧء
ҲΪľϵɻ꽣֮С
µĹϵϵɻ꽣Ҳð޹⡣
ԲѵͱСϻ˼С
Ҳ֪ǲ¿һЦͣȴͶһŮ˲˺øС
ȻΪ͵˴󲿷ֵ˺ȴһ͵ڡ
ڽ𣬸Ҫǣĵﶼһڱš
¶˵ģסǷҵġȻΪʶ
ǵ֮ʱٻʱԺ֮һɫӰȻٻغϣ
ҲǾҵıըԲʹɥʧԼ֮ǰļ䣬һɵҲɵš
ɵ壬ˣˣС˹
һ㶣ˣô£
׵ڷ֮жǸ֣
ɽԣǻʱȻһֱۣڴҶϹȥˣ㡣С˵
͵˵ͷһԾӷ
ϵ׼ʱԼҴĴ񼸺ˣ׼İΧܲ͸硣
ԶŵѪζ
죬ˮϴ峤ʱڶʵʩȡ
ϴ峤һЩҽһˮϵݽϴ峤ɴұ۵˿ڡ
ٻҲһΪϴ峤֡
׵ұ۶˿ڴѪֹ
Ϳһ´ڣܹһ·µѪһܹ֮ã˵Ǿˡ
ǣüͷһ壬׵ѪȻһЩСɵĽӡ
⵹ЩèĽӡԼҴèΪ٣Ҳûж⡣
ͽ뷿ʱ򣬿׵ұ۵ʱһ㶡
˿ڣ૵
һֱۼǱ˲µģͿɲ֪ɽ֮ʲôӵ˿ֲʵ
ɽ֮ΪǿޱǺܣϻҺһͷܶ
ǼǺܣҲǽֱ۳롣
˿ѾĹϵԿץۣȻ׵ұǱһ޸Ūϵġ
ֹѪɢϴ峤æһƿɫҩ׵˿ϡ
ʹǴڻ֮У׶üͷȻżǿҵʹࡣ
㷢ְ㷢ְͻȻĻζ
ҲǲµѣҲΪԪӤʿΣյĸ֪;ԼĲ쬵ģ͵һ
ͣһͷ­˲뿪壬Ѫ磡
ϴ峤ٻ
ͻľޱ䣬䶼˻֮С
Ǽûпʲôϴ峤ͷ­ͺּˡ
δ֪ĵˣ߶е־壬˵Щˡ
ֿûУӴܡ
ɫӵĿȥϴ峤һۣ⹥ǳȥģֻΪĶܣϴ峤
͵ķӦҲϵɻ꽣ѾС
ԣ´ϲֻµĿ֮£еĽ𣬽һת
һӰ͵ײ⽣棬ϵɻ꽣ϳһ˿Ѫ
һ㶣֪ԼеĽڲͬҲû뵽⽣ȻԼС
ûве˿
Ȼ䣬еĳ룬ֻһɫӰ˹ײⳤ֮ϡ
Ȼǿ˿Ӱ·ǳ⽣ײһ㡣
죬Ҷ´󼱡
ĸͲʲôޣһͷޣһƷӰè
ȻһƷǶڷ˵ԵĴڡ
ͣȻǿڷˣǵﱻʶãҲֻһǿ׳һķˣܹӰè⣿
Ҳֻ£ܹ޻ɱϵɻ꽣ֻҪܹӰèôӰèɡ
ƺҲ⽣ӵʶҪ⽣ʵҪǿܹ޷ĵˡ
һӲһ˲ɡ
ϣ㲻ҪʧͶԼеĽ˵
û⣡ºٺһЦ
Ȼڵ͸޷˵Ѿע⵽ˣҲһõĿʼ


424 ߳
ӰΣӰè츳ֻҪӰӵĵطӰèС
ûʶķ˵ġ
ΪͲ֪һӰèʲôطʲôʱᷢ
ߺͷ֮һĲĵӣֻҪСģԻɱһͷӰè
Ǵ뷲֮еӰèħһĴڡ
Щ˵ǿһҲǿǿһٱҲǿ
Ӱèͺħ˵һģͬǿ󵽷ָĴڡ
ͷ壬ϵɻ꽣Ϊյϵɻ꽣ƶÿһζǡõıܹӰèĹ
Ӱںڰ֮еӰèҲǶŭˣȻһĴεŪˡ
ʱĸѾǳ˿ڣ
Ӱè۾Ķеϵɻ꽣˵⽣в
̴ܹƤëĽҲǷһ˵λз
ֻһӰ˫צһᣬӰèȻҪ͵ֱж
ӰèóѵĻͱһס
ŭһתϵɻ꽣ȻֱֶնӰè
²ŲٿŵӰèæ˫צһ˸Ӱ֮С
ߣƻСèһ
һʱطĻͿҪԿͷˡ
ҲµĿƣʹѾӦֽս
ǰӰӶ޷ӰèѾܹץסжĹ켣
ͱ;ԪӤڵʵֻڵﱻ⣬޷
ۣϵɻ꽣͵һ̡

ʱ䣬ӰèĲҽһȻֱӴӰèؿڡ
ޱϾޣҪͨǿ̫ˣʹ౻̴Ҳڲͣ
һ΢ɫӰè˲һѽ̿
µȻĵĲˣ֮һҲССһֵܹġ
ҲĽǿǵ͵İȫĻֵȼͲмڳ֡
ڵе㻳Ǹе㽾ˣǸȣȫǸ²ɵƲƲ졣
ʱħ˵ǿĴڶͣһֻССһ޶ԸˣתδҲ̫ˡ
ٻѾǰһĻŴˡ
ϴ峤ͷ֮ʱѾŵ߲·ˡ
һͨŮˣμ˿ֲĳ档
͸ǴһֲС
ٻôˣͿٻһҲһ
ûûû£ٻµĿȥӰèһۡ
˭뵽ôһСȻܹɱһˣ
ܹͲΪʵжôǿ󣬶ӰèѹûҪɱˡ
ϾҲһѪʳˣûжİ
ǽ׷Żشӣں棬ôջȻҪԭĶࡣ
ڴſڿĽӡӰè˵ģʶĹϵͲûзӰèĴڡ
ϴ峤ȴûжĴϾôҲԪӤʿ֮;ǳ˿ɱȣöˡ
ٻȻŵòᣬ͵Ļ֮»ص˷䡣
ʹӰèնɱ飬˲䴫ԼҴ塣
ҲԽԽ棬˵ָһ㣬һͽӰèˡ
ֶԽԽףǱǴˡ
ڽеЦٺ٣ҪǱС㣬ô𣿡
ЩôѾΪԼҴ֮ǿˣʹǽͷ׵Ĺâڸȥ
ʱƣѾΪԼҴĶÿֻҪʹɽջȻǼḻʲôϹӣϻֵ
ƺҲԸó˽ͷλãϾұ۱ϣʵǰټʵڣĴ֮£ԼҴջ֮ǰ
ռټĻȣڼѾΪ˼ҳˡ
ԼҴȻɽΪⲢζԣд󲿷ֵĶҪõȥģԼĵ
ɵ壬ǲĻŵ簡С°Ϳ͡
鱦ϵɻ꽣ʱҲֻǵĲ񵶰ˣίĶҪ޳ˡ
Ҳܹͣϵɻ꽣ɱȲʲôķˣһ˺ϱɣҲֻҪһͶˣȻõˡ
⣬СѾ͸ˡ
ϾС˵ݵأ»Ϊˡ
ݣȻһ㵽ǣҲһЩ¼
СҪɵһĻô˵ȥҲǼӵ顣
ǡҡҡͷ
СС졣
ˣˣͻȻһʮҵк˽
ôˣͷеĽʵ
ڡ
˵żüͷ
ڴҳˡкòһ⻰˵ˡ
ڴ壿Ҵ廹ǮҴ壿ʵ
һˣ˵
⸽ӣҴ壬ǮҴ壬ԼҴӵ롣
ӾȻһԼҴ壬Ȼҳӵġ
ɵ壬ɲɣҪҪһȥһ¶һ˿˷ܵĹâ
Сѧʲôܣһؼȥ͵һ
ҲСˣѾʮˣôʱҵѾȥˡв˵
˵ûʲôӦǷ¸Ǻˣ⺢ӾȻǰ˵͡
Ҫ֪Ȼһʮ꣬ʵе̫̫̫̫үүиˡ
ȥ׼;Сƨ֮󣬱ϵɻ꽣Ŵȥ
ȥȥ˷ܵĿС
ɵҿ㡣СƲƲ졣
ǶҪɵٴó磬û̫ϧ𣿡˵
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ãĵȥҾͲɵĲ磡СЦ
СƨҪȥʹˡ
ſȴѾһˣĿҴǮҴˡ
첻ǽѵǾԼ˭ˣҪǽһճɸ㣬ĸУ׺
ףǰ֣ǲڻ㣬㲻һзϰˣʲô磡ҴĽͷЦһ
׿ԼƮƮұɫһ
һֱҲܽһͷ׽һţѸٱ
ұ۷ˣȻڣ
飡ͻȻշһȻֻĴָСҲ㹻ˡ
ĴָСĻֱӴ׵ؿڡ
ۣһѪ˳ȥ
ǿԻɱףԼҴҪԶԶ
ܣĨĨеѪĶվǸС
ոһ⺢ӷġ
ٺ٣ҴͯģԼҴƾʲôҶЦһ
֣ͯףԼҴľɫŵĿǸӣ


425 ػ
ͯҲǱɿеʮ֮µĺӡ
ЩԶ
˵Ҵͯ죬һ߶λʿ
ѾɰٲŸУҲ±ɡ
ʱҲһʿˣսҲ׶򲻹
ͯԶԶҪʵ塣
ϾͯıһɣԼҴʵȷ֮ǿģһʿܽԼҴ¾һա
Сûи״ʲôˣȴһԼҴϿա
ףʶĻԼҴʳһ룬ٰԼҴδŮ˲Ҵ塣Ц
㡭׼֮£һѪ
ҴȫҪԼҴĸһʳѩɽʱôԼҴͻһ˻
ԼҴŮҲζԼҴԺҪ˰ڲ
ôʶĻǾȫ岢Ҵ壬Ҵ嵹ǿԸһӻЦ
Ҳ־ӸµĸоǶôĲһҴǮҴ嶼ò׵ɫ
ȫˣвһͷûݵϻȻһɱǺ֮ǰѾͬնˡ
οҴ廹һͯ˲ҴĵλͰθ˲٣һ֮ҲҪǼӡ
ǽǲһ
Σ׺һҪͱһָֻѹ
ϵ˵ǿ׶סá
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С򣡡һĴֵָС͡
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žһûץһģһöֱӱĻҴһߣǡɻ˲䣬˶Χˡ
ңңֵĺ
üͷֲһͰˮֱӵȥ
ɣﲻĵطһ
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Ҳ͵ĹϵԼҴʿͯǵѹҲһʧĸɸɾ
ҪߣҪĶϵɻ꽣ͻȻ
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ոͿֽסĻ򣬶һֿ־С
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飡һŰ˳ȥ
УһƷʯݹȻʲôõط²мƲƲ졣
ո֣һ΢Ĺâ˲һƷʯͱһѷĩ
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ʦʯ㹻µģȴΪһѷĩ
ףҲһ͵ﴦķӡȻɿһСڣ΢С֮˳뵽͵֮С
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һֳ꣬Ͻֱӽһɽ飡
Ҳ֪ΪΣԺ֮һ˿ʱ͵Ҳ궯
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ŶɵȻᷢ磡һԵС͵г˳ݡ
һԵĻҲǱһָסˣ֮ı˷ܡ
ߣ㾹Ȼߣ󾪣ոֶȻ߲ӵеֶΡ
Ƴһۣϵɻ꽣
һ֮оȻ̺һ˿ҴǮҴһﻹҶ˵ֱ˳ȥ
Ҵһͯ˭뵽ԼҴ徹Ȼһߣһһߡ
һըôĿӣǿһĿȻ
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ʯһҪ㹻ʯָֻ°
͵ĵȻǿһСڣȴԴԴϵٶȣٹͱԽĲ㡣
ԼҴ忴͵Ŀ֮Ҳһ˿ɫʣ߿ǽڴ˵е
ɵ壬㻹ƭ㲻ᷢ׵磬СҿɶǿˣǸӾըġС͵Ĵ˵
˳ֽС˻УɵҲ֪Լ簡
ƭˣҲҪѧҲҪѧСһ߾͵ͷһ˵
úãɵһСġ͵˵ͷ
ȻҲѧɵӵĹϵûôãټ͵ɲСһ͡
лУҲҪѧСͻȻָָһԵĻС
һϲȴĿͣϾľȨϡ
ҲãһѧЦЦ
УһȺķˡӾȻһһˮɵɵƲƲ졣
͵Ϊ̫ͣ޷ͨҪǲҲҪȵͻָڵΪ
ڵ˵֮ҪŪһЩʯ
Ȼ⿿ǵҪͻƵҲҪʱ䣬¿ɵȲôá
ʯöǲ֪ﻹУ΢΢̾˿
ָһ˿ȻҲ֪ʱҪʯȴ֪ʯҪôŪ
Ͼ˲ᣬָܹһ˿ļҲܿɹˣҲżͻָΪҲԶˡ


426 һˣ
ʦˣһҪŪҴ֮ڴŭ
ȷʦԶԸȷʵ
һѾ𺳣һ˿ֲѾͲηС
ߣʦǰٲŵĳϣԲ磬Ҳֻһ֮ңˡԺ˵
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ʦ˵һ֮ңпһӶ޷̤
İǰȣݵ½˲٣ѷĪ˵ǽɽˣޱѡ
һʿʵͿԿ
İǰ֮˵Ҳмʿǿ֮иʮʿҲǺ顣
ڿڶһޱѵ飬һԲʿϳϵλãֻ˵ݵѾȫįˡ
ٹ꣬ݾͱȫʺˡ
˵ȴûж⣬ΪͰֻǵﱻһӡסˣ޷ʹá
ӡһ˿ȱڣԶԶϵĴӵ֮͵ΪҲȲߡ
ֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ָԪӤʿҲʲô¡
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ڵ״̬Ҫõʯ͵࣬Ͼʯʲôط֪
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͵ﴦķӡĳˢ֮¾Ȼһ㣬һµʼδ
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ȻڵӣĹûУе·ϻܸһ
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ȱʯ˵ĽչҲǺĻ֮Ӧþ̤һ㣬Ϊһߡ
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ҹһŭȣ֮мͬ
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ۣ
Сͻ˹Ĺؼʱ̣һһѪ˳
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ôˣСôˣٻСǵѪʧɫ
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Ĵŭ󺺶˵ֱһһɫֱ˺󺺡
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һǮŪķھȻһһ㡣
⾡ʧ˵ⷨǷˣ
Ҫ˵ոպΪŭĻôʱΪԼķ
ˣ󺺴Ӵóһŵɫķֽֽ֮һɫС⡣
һ㶡
⽣ͷ࣬ȴȷѶԸϹŽ֮Ķ
ǽѾޱȣȻû̺ܡ
û֮أȻܿϹŽ޵Ľ˵Щϲ
ʿҲޱȵʹ⽣ѹ׵ıնɱԲʿҲǿ⽣նɱ˼ͷ˽ĳɾ͡
ȥʿҧҧעУֻһɫСͻȻ̳Ŀֱָ͡
ˣЦһ
ֻĴ֮£͵·һһ㣬۽ιеϵɻ꽣ס
С㲻ΪСǳصģһ
ϵɻ꽣ϹһֱӺһӲӲ
ײһ
䣡ը֮һɫϸͻȻ̳һӾʹ̴˺󺺵üģ
๼¶һ˿ġ
£һҪллˣ͵˵еϵɻ꽣
ŶָˣӦ㰤򰡡´һ¿ڡ
ϧǣͼȻָˣΪȴûлָ޷µ
㡭Ҫʲô̱˵ϡ
ޱǿʦ𣬾Ȼôǰ
ЦһֱԽ죬󺺵ĴС
һʮƷʯƿһûУһһִһ棬󺺵ʬճ˻ҽ
㡭㡭ɱ֣쾪ֵĿ͡
ҲʲôöСС;˺ݶǶһѵһָһûĵ
ۣһѪһָȴǷĵӴԺҲ޷ˡ
Щ鷢̫ͻȻһ󺺾ѾԼҴ˸ϵ֮ʱһֻ̱ڵϵһ̲ҽˡ
޳ͿЦһ
ǻǻصݣҴʱΪĲҡ
ЩʱҲֻǿЦһ˵һҲֻһΰˡ
һʵԼѾеΣ


427 ֮أ1
ָͼһԼ壬ھദ𣬲Ⲣصģĵﴦһصӡ
һСڣﶼΧܲ͸磬ڵķ޷
鰡飬ҵҪлػҪأεҡҡͷ
ӡģͨͷųġ
ھرʱƺΪ˱ͣȻͷųס͵ĵ
˵֮أﲻ𣬾л
˭뵽Ȼһеĳ˳͵ֵ˴󲿷ֵ˺͵嶼Աȫ
µķӡȴ޷ֻͨһһĻ⡣
Ľǲ֪ǿ޻ҪЦá
еļƿСͻ֮ͱ㽫Լڷ֮С
ʮʯϵӿ͵֮У֮£һһˢŵﴦķӡ
ÿһﴦķӡͼһ㣬ͻõҲͶһ㣬⼸ͳһ޵ѭ
žʮʯ˲㻯Ϊһѷĩ
ʯƷʻ̫ˡҡҡͷץһʯ
֮УҲֻ͸˴󵨵һôʯˡ
һʮʯά˲һӣͳױһѷĩ
͵ΪҲֱӴĲʮ㡣
ͬʱﴦķӡҲɶ˲٣ϵĴȱ֮ľ
Ϳһеϵɻ꽣ΪĹϵ޷½ϵ
ǿнϵĻһ̾ܽɰ׳ա
ٻһԼȻһŮ˺øо̲סͷʹ
ԼûиоãǼµٻѾ͵˲ĥӡǡ
ˣһһɣͳ̾һ
ΪҪıǵõʯ⿪ԼﴦķӡȻĺ鷳
ʯĵطѾ⡣
ݵѾݽߣʯѾ࣬Ҫõʯֻɣ
ڻָһЩ˵֮лûʲôܹ˺ʹڵʿҲһ
һº󣬰ٲʧԣʮʯɡ
ͬһ죬ǧɽű٣صʯҲһա

̶̰ʱ䣬;ϴ˽ʮɣеʯȫϴһգĶѹûж
ЩǱȴһͭ
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ԼҹÿͶҪǧʯڵķӡһһļ
䣡Ȼ䣬һ𣬵ﴦ̵ͬĺˮһ㣬ӿ͵֮С
ڳ忪ˣ¶һ˿â
ڰ֮ǰѾܹӦ֮ǰڲϵĳ֮£ŵڵһһӡµŬһӡķӡ׵ı忪
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׻ʽ飬һθӦǵĴڣ
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ͽϵɻ꽣֮Уµھ֮ʱѾĵĲˣʱ֮ûжΪˡ
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ɵ壬ͻˣͻˣѾˣ⴫С˷ܵĺ
һӣŵķ˲򿪣
ɵ壬ˣС˷ܵĽе
ˣԶˡЦЦ
Сǰ˶ˮʿ˵֮ѡ֮޵ĵҩܹ֮㣬Ҳǲˡ
УҲ㣬ұͻ죡ƲƲ졣
ߣһһᳬġС˦˦Ǳ衣
ҲŲ㳬أЦ
⻢߶ηȻȲСǷȴսǻռϷ硣
պãɵǵСɡһӣ˶ϡ
Сһ籣ƷеһӣͬƷ
ۣɵ˵ķ𣿡СϲĿеĺ籡
Ҳǲˣʹˡ͵˵ͷ
ллɵ壡СϳЦ⡣
ǻȴһ˿Բʧллɵ塣
Ҫ𣿡ٻ͵ıӰ૵
һҲʺ
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ҲģҲֻһΡ̾˿
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ʲôʵ
ʬ塣͵˵
ʬ壿Ҫʲôʬ壿һ㶡
ħʬ壡˵
ħһ
Ҳ֪ΪλѪԹħʬȤ
ħֵĵһվҲսΪҵĵطϹʿʿƱػħ壬ݻʱ䡣˵
ôһ㶡
ôضʬĵطϹʿʿħʿȻ´ʬ塣ͽ͵
ôѾȥ꣬ЩʬҲͱߣѾ绯ˡ˵
͵˵ͷҲ˵ĺܶԣϹʿܲϧһݶӡ˴ֱѵǵ֮ϴеһ˿ħ
ΪԽߣ֪ҲԽ࣬ʶȻ㣬ҲڵʱͻΪһܺõĽͣ۹⿴ϹʿδҲ̫ˡ
ݱħʴǲ٣ȴ˾ݵĸЩħϹʿ˵Ͳ⡣
ȻˣôϹʿӡͷˡ
ڻʲôɫе㷢ס
һɣ֮зӡһ֣ص˵
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ҲɣҲҵĲ²ˣӡƺе㲻οԪӤʿɴԽôħĴȻҲܴҡҡͷ


428 ֮أ2
ҵãݸһĹأһϹʿܶ־ĴڵĹء̾˿
ƺҲ˵Ļŵˣ綼쵱Ĵڣôһͱ϶쬵ġ
ҵˣ۾һ
һɫĹâͱ֮С
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ħħаۣȻ̲ס˳
Ҳħħ𣿡һ㶡
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ǼʹĴڶݣһսжôļң
ѵ֪аս飿ʵ
ҵħսڲżģûоһս³̾˿
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죬죬аħ۾ڳͻȻʶʲô
ôˣ
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а۵ȥ궼ã֪аǰǶôǿ
ȻµѣȻŹһ飬ϵɻ꽣ö˳
ˣһ𣬷·ʲô֮һ㡣
һֵĻ͵Ժ֮С
սʿս
ս֮ϣͿϹŽޣ޼壬һ֮кȻаħ
ֻаһɨ۾ʿ·ܵ˽һ㣬а֮֮һɫĹâЩʿͻȻð˺ɫĻ棬˲Щʿ㱻ճ˻ҽ
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ͣͻȻһѹ
аֻüͷ˫죬а֮һ˫âɳⱦ֮ϡ
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䣡˲еĻ涼ʧˡ
֪֮У͵ıѾȫǺˮ
аļ𣿾Ǳ֮𣿡µĿа۵ʬһۡ
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һ߲㱦ͨơͽԼı״˳
ɫ䣺ǰһٵǿ鱦
ǰһ٣
ϵɻ꽣ϵҲһǰˣǰһ٣һѹѹħˡ
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ҲµǶԵģпһĹ̾˿
ĹҲգҲգЩѾûʲôϵˡ̾˿
аϵָȡ֮Ͳʩչ֮뿪˵صס
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ָ֮паһأָһռ䷨ԴƷ
ָȣʲôļֱǲĻɫ
ϵĴڵر֮»Ϊ촷ۣĶҲ֮ˡ
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ħħЩ±һɶҪˡͿŶָ֮еıЦ
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ܹħ˲뷲磬ﵽʲôǡ
ħ˵Ҳǿп޵Ķˡ
˺ܾöûͨеĹϵ벻ͨɴͲ룬ЩѾϹʱڵˣ˵ûʲôӰ졣
а֮⣬ַ˼ʬ壬ģҲħģЩʬ嶼Ѿʱ֮·绯ֻʣһЩĹͷ
Ǳص̽ʱݵķӡһα˴򿪣Ӱݵϡ
˺Ȼٻɽֵ֮еģƣ
ΨһϵĽֶһѣֻʣһϻš
ݻ˵ģǸӵͼ¼ʿǶ֮ȻУ챬˵
ΪǵļһΪԼе㱾±Сʿһ
Ѱһͼ¼ǵϴǰˡԵúΡ
ƿԶһۣ֮⣬һ
ķ򣬺Ȼڵķ
֪ĻһвܣѾϢԼϢǸ߹磬޷Ϣ
ǿ𣿡ʵ
ԪӤڶѡں˵
ȻΪڻƣǻǲֶĺ
߰ɣȥһλѰɡЦһֻͬˮһ֮С
һ̾˿ڽ۳һԼλƵϷš
ͲżǱƶϵĿ꣬ûʲô³
õĽҲΪƵһ֣ȻڻƵϻȥ
ֳҲһˡ
ΪﵽΣҪǰһǼѵ顣
ƾͬһ㣬ͣıǿÿһνֶܸоı仯
ᣡ֮ͻȻһֻѪɫצӣ͵շ˹ȥû֮С
͵ʶȾȻ޲צӵķٱ˵ĻͲһ
ᣡһֻѪȵצӣһδֵϵɻ꽣֮ϡ
޴ϵɻ꽣ϴڶˣ
Ȼûв͵Ϯĸλ
飡˲仯Ϊһֻצ͵ǰ
ǣһֱӽ飬޴ѷӵصֱ쵽˵档
տȥ·ǵһ㣡
ˣʱѾһɵĳ֮ϣϾĿŵ档
ף֣ƾɵĿ͵֡
üͷһ壬ȴ޷ȷԴ
ȥ̫Կˣ´
ֻɫĹâʢһֱӳ˵棡
ۣ֮ͷһֻ۾ͻȻſɫǵص£
벻˺һ޾Ļ֮УһӰȻͣ
Ƶ·Һ壬һһĳŻһɫ޷˵ֺ
ҶԽԽȤˡЦһ߳һƬ𺣣


429 ֮
еľ֮ɫҲ޷Σе¶Ƹסˡ
ƾȻܹ֮¾Ȼûһˡ
𲻴ҡҡͷ
㵽˭ͺ˼ͼͻƵľ롣
սˣѾˡֻԭһӰһѾ͵Ĳס
ˣЦһ
㣡һɫĳ˲˻Ƶ࣡
ƾĿŹᴩؿڵһŵĲһͷˡ
ܸ취
𣡡ɲǼ䣬̽ؿڵľ׻ʽа׺ͻ֮뷢
׵һڻƵڱƵѪһ˲ըɡ
СģͻȻѵ
ֻЩըɵѪ⾹ȻڿγһХŴͣ
󣡡ʹһʮڽɫĳΧֵѪĹ
е˼ֻЩըɵѪ⾹ȻһתۼƱѾ޴վ͵ǰ
ڽϵһĻҲ¶һ˿ȣۿٱ飬ƵĲ̫֮ˡ
˶⽴Ȼܸԭ˵Ĵڣȫǲܵ顣
ǰĻȴֲܵ˿ܣ
󲻴ǸһӦûЩȤ
ƣ˵ˣͿϵĽָ֮ʱֱ
ѵǹˣֵ¾Щֲ
ϣ졣Լһģ
ֻƵϳһ󶴣һͷɫų˳
龰ޱȵĹ죬ֻһ˴СĻƣηŵһʮɳģ
ã弶ޣ´ʧɫ
弶ζʲô൱ڻһĴڣ
Ҫº
һת֮£һɫĽâͷ­նȥ
ͣ弶޵ķܾˣȫһҲըۼף
ͺˣЦһ
ֻһֶһ˲ֻΪһ
ļʰо綾ͼæ˳ȥ
һѵǸɵģüͷ
ǸȵǣƵһּٶָٶ֮ѪҪǿ֣
һĹ
ͷӦùˡЦһ
һͷ弶һͷļʰһǺöԸĴڡ
ԸһССԪӤʿƾȻǼóˡ;ǿһһ
ûаնԸƵǼͷһССԪӤʿǹԹԵĵɡ
ۿһ弶һڵϹֽʳƬġ
֮ôִܻڣ־ŭ
ͣǰûĶʶˡ
һССķ֮УȻֲֿĴڣ
ǱӰ֣һġ
ɲǼϷӰӵĵطһ߳
ͽ㣬Ӱ֮Ҷ
Ⱥҧ˫ĵء
Ӱ˲۳һɴߣһڽɣ
¡漴߾ұѣ
꣡Ƶͷ­һ
㲢ôҲûôǿʹͷ­նϣȻûȥסԼͷ­Ŀվ͡
ͶԴƺ׼Ͼը⽴ȥοǸͷ­
ڻûҵʲô취ܹƣԻͷڻ񣬶Ƶʵǿӵв˵Ǳذܵһ
ʩչÿһͨͿޱȵİܹٿӰӲҷ˺˵Ĺ֮ǰû
ۣһԵʰһɫĶ̡
ۣ֮һüĵ۾֮һɻϯʰĶײһ
𣡡ţһͷ弶Ҳ

𣡡ͼæѪ֮Ѫ֮Ӳ弶һײ
Ѫбһâ
弶ȣѪΨһԺľĻָˣһȻͳ˿ȴûʲô󰭡
һ˲䣬ƶˡ
ͬһ㣬һΣһֻצ̽Ѫĺ󱳣
𣡡ͳʹ֮£һ˦βֱ˻Ƶϡ
ǻȴ˿
ѪҺЦһ
ɲǼ䣬ڵѪҺͬһ㣬Ѫ֮Ҳ޷ά֣صˤ˵ϡ
ƿԼ֣Ѫ
ѪȻе˼ƿ˵
͵ɫޱȵĲ԰ףһɲǣʧȥ֮ѪҺ
Ȼ֮ѪڣʧȥôѪҺ˵ûˡ
ܿƾüͷ徹Ȼʼ
𣿡ƿ͡
ЦһʴǾ͵ɣ
öԸң̫쿪ˣֻһ𣬼īɫҺ屻Ƴ⣡
Եˮ㵽֮УͻȻ顣
֮еˮСﻹҶʣȫ֮ܽС
ɣֻһ͸Һֱӵ˻Ƶϡ
ħĲİҺħʥˮ˵֮ľ綾˴˶ûĿܡ
մҺһ˲䣬ƵͿʼá
öҺ壬֮ǰȻûмüͷ
ƺ˵ûĶҩҪҪһ㡣
صĶҺӦòǷĶһ仰֮󳹵׵ʧ͵ǰ
µĲһ̲Ѫˮ
ܣڿϷ͵վ
ǸƣǸĻƣȻһ㶫Ūˣ
˲סһ
ھͷɣľ̫ˣϴ˻Ƶ
ͬԵһ㣡
弶ԵͷѪͻȻʼŤһһ㣬һһ㣬ЩѪ⾹Ȼ»۳˻Ƶӣ
òϣֶһ嶼޷ƿͣоȻûһ˿ĳޣ
߰ɣ弶壬һ弶ͬһ̲һ㱻֮УʰҲˡ
Źһ㶣ӡУƳֻϲڵġ
ɱһΣҲһƵ˵
߼˵ƺһ㡣
ôܹɱ㣿̲ס˷ۡ
٣ǵһƵ˵
ʼҪɱﻹĲһ׵飬ʹռѷ춼
ǰĻƣȴһ˿ʣ͸ոյ㲻ɱ
ͼ¼ô죿ʵ
ͼ¼ϣҪõĻȥáν˵
ˣҿɲ㣬ҪҶֵĻ֪᲻Ҳɵҡҡͷ
˽ңϼöˡЦ
Ϊһ졣û˵
Ҳһ죬ɱҡ˵
˰ɣôӦϼһɡ˷ۡ
˵ûҵ˵
ɣȥġͷҡ˹һ
һӡ֮һȱڣѹûסǡ


430 㣿ģ
ˣơ˾ôˣ
ȿȿȣҲ޷ѹƣһѪ˳
Ȼץһ£ȴ֮ѪҺ屾ޱȵ
ڴͻǿתͻƶţ˵Ѿǵ;ƿݵĵز
ƵĿֲֻкֵ˲ᵽ
ʹԺħ͵Ķû˿־
һôɱɱˣԶԶҪһǿĵ˸ֲ
ûԸΪУҲû˸ұ֤ܹɱˡ
û°ɣµǵĿһۡ
ǵһοͳôĿʹǺħҲûͳԹ˴Ŀ
Ǹ˺ֲܿһʯ֮ɫÿһ㡣
һҲһ亹֮жûм
֮ǰµ֪֮У֮Ǵڴ˵֮аˡ
ȴڷ翴һʿӵ˲֮ħʥˮ޷ɱ
´ֱܣܺʹϣ³̾һ
͵˵ͷѾõİ취ˣһˣõİ취жԶܶԶ
ԱǸҲСѾǻڵĴˡ˵
ϵˣϳ
һص֯һϽԿ
ʵĿɳžǻĵĿ壬ǻƵĲ֮ˡ
ȻʲôǶǺϵǼѽеϵ
ҲС̲סԼԴ
̺֮±֮еɻҪǿʢȻʮܹ֮ȼҲ޼
һƾԻʿͷʹޱˣִǿѶԸġ
ȻʩչһͨǱӰ֣ǿֲȴ£ʱܵÿĻƾ׵Ҳ޷ֵ
̽ȥ𣿡ʵ
ҡҡͷ˵֪ЩѾ㹻ˣΪ˭ᣬûȤ
ɫͻȻޱѿ뿪ȴԼȻڵ
˭ƣԣ뿪ˣʹ󼱡
ڵ·Ǳʲôסһ㣬δ߶ȴûһ˿Ӧ
ܣҲˣ´󾪡
˭װŪͺ
ǹ˶£ѵôŮūȻѾȥİˣ
һ紵ǰһӰ
ܣͿǰ֮˷·˹һ㡣
ΪβܣŮ΢΢һЦ
㡭㣡
ǰŮӾȻ㣬ΪڣûнᵤһʿӵİԪ
ƺܾȣһָ͵Ķͷ
ɲǼ䣬ͱõͷţ
ǣһסĲӡ
˵㵽˭һ
ֻЦЦָ
׻嶼ʼ鴤ʵȻһССʿŪ֮С
㲻Ǻ֪˭ķĹǾɣҵķĹ㵭Ŀ͡
ȻķĹôӦڷĹ֮Уһ
ϵɻ꽣һɫĽæն
㲻ܣֵʳָĽâڴʳָ֮ʱ˲仯⣡
Ů˵ʲôˣ´ŭֻһ
һɫӰӴϵɻ꽣֮гȻµı壡
СѾͷǰˣɲʲô⡣΢΢һЦʳָһ㣬ͬһ˲㽫²
ſʹŭϵɻ꽣͵ն֮ϡ
ײ죬ϵɻ꽣Ȼֶ
鱦겻ϵĺöҲԽԽˡޱ飬ϵɻ꽣һָ
ϵɻ꽣ȻҲŮ˸ȡˡ
ʯ֮䣬Ѿͺµֽ
ˣ±ܣϵɻ꽣ᣬת֮ͱ˱ľ档
ħħħħ㵽˭ôħħƺϳ˺ɫɣǾ֮ɫ
һŲķˣЦ
ķüͷһ壬Ů˵ģôһɵˡ
ħˣһ
˵ͷҸϲʥ֡
ޣħ磬ԼԼ𡣡һ
С룬Ҫǿ˵ϣΪ㻹˵𣿡һۣŵ˵ˡ
ȻڵΪʵȴȻʿҪǿһһ֮·֮Ψһס
ֻҪԸ⣬԰ʹͨ
һ㣬ͺǰѾ̹ˣ
Һú˵𣿡㿴͡
ǾշǵûĶǿ־壡
͵˵ͷƱǿǰ¸ûʲô֮
㿴͵ͷ¶˲õЦݣһָºϵɻ꽣˲ʧ
С룬ˣǰ;Ц
ߣʲôϵ°һۣΪһϹϵɻ꽣֮УŮˣǺվһ𶼾ò
˵ɣҪҰʲôͿһۡ
֪Ѿ֮ǰʶһˡ
˾ǴЦˡ
üͷһ壺˵¡
Ŷͷһƺı˵һ͵Ů
ҽģҲڲ֪ҵ֣гһգ˷֮УӦû֪ҵˡЦ
ģڵ𣿡͵˵ͷ
˽ɡЦ
£֪˭𣿡ʵ
֪ûĻһ䣬µĿ֪ʲôˡ
ʱͼһȫְڣƺҲںʱţԼİľϸϸĸ͡
ԽԽľ̲סⱻϹʿܷӡݣټݷӡΪĽһСŮ
ҵļ֮ʱұ֪Ҫ뿪ݣֻпˡĵ˵
ҵѾطӡѹסʹƾҵҲ޷һӡĲǷֳһꡣɬ˵
Ľͣһֱ͵Ҳһ̽⿪
ѹܺʿ᲼һӡݶ룬һӡĿĲΪֹħ磬Ƿֹ˵뿪
ĵıǱʩչطӡѹ֮УݶΪĵĹء
ͿһۣԲ²СѾͷʲôܾȻϧķ˴ҲҪӡ
ʱһս籦а۶ˣаʵħݣ


431 
㿴һۣҲ²ҵݣң֪˶ûкô
˵ô࣬ƺûк˵㵽ҪҰʲôæ˵
һؼҡͻȻһ˿ϣɫ
ؼңħ磿üͷ
ħǺͬһε磬ʿΰħ磿
Ҫ֪ڿԼ˲ҲҪ֮
Ҹϣ֮ܳΪʥ磡ʱͬһСһ㣬͵ﲡš
ɫŹֵĿһۣò᲻֪ڽԪӤڰɣ뻯ɻкܴһξ롣δƿգοǺħ硣
ʥ磡ٴξ
ðɣʥ磡ֻεЭ
һЦа취ֻҪϰңҾܻؼҡ
˫ֱԻɵĿ⿴㣬Ȼǿǻûеƿյĵزɣ
ȻĻСѾͷҲᱻССķӡˡ
ȻûжٵİգͿԶ϶Ҳֻطܷӳ˿ֲʵΪݷӡı塣
ҪҰʲôε˵
ܼ򵥣Ҵ򿪻صʥͨȻҹ̶סͨͿˣЦЦ֮ɷ·˵һ΢һ㡣
ͶҪҲֻǿЦһͨħ磨ʥ磩̸ͨף
ʹӵлΪҪһͨҲǾһ飬οڸû򿪿ռͨ
ݣɲѪҲҩ԰Ŀռޱȵι̣ͲĿܡ
ȻҲų⽫ݵĿռӹֹ̣ѵֶΡ
ֻҪϰæͺˣͨʥͨѾ֪ˡ۱ⴵҵͷ
Ӧкôպʱͻ֪ǶôĻˡ˵
һΪأͷ˷ۡ
ߣСôôң¶ĺһ֮Ҳû˵
õµͬҲһ˵ʵʱʱ޿̶һĪѹΧţһʱһûС
ʽʵ
ܼ򵥣ƿͨʥͨķӡ˵
һ㶣ƺһҪǿɣΪλҪҰæԼǸã
ûõģʿԤϵһͨ긴ȾͲȡ˴ʩͨʥͨ˾֮Ҹ޷ñҡҡͷ
󣿡Ҳǵһ
ԾΪۣĸ󣡡㵭˵
˻̲סһ
ԾΪۣ绹Ǻôֱʣ
ĿĽΪ˷ӡǰŮ
ֻҪƿ󷨣Ǿˡһһⶫڷ֮ʱкܴôͻȻһöɫơ
ֻš֣תȻһ
Ӧңûл¼˵˵Ȼһ˿
һʿŪġΨһĹñǷ磬ֻҪƿͻһͨͨЦ
һĹЧȻ죬ֱӴͨͨҲ񲻾ζֻҪֳʲô˶Էˣ
ò˵뷨е쿪ˣܹͨͨѾ֮ˣ˶ܽǲЦˡ
ȻҲܿͨͨǺԭѾڵͨȣкܶǷȱ
ͨȶҪܶ࣬ͨάֵʱҲܾãڴڼû˳ǰĻռͨһ֮ͨڵʿͱɡ
ߣͨԵģûκεĹɣʹֱӴ͵ħս֮ϣ綼ûпһۣͱͨ˻ҽ
ʹôȱ㣬ֻҪһǰĹܣôʿΪ֮
ҪôһʣѾӦҪ
Ҿ֪һҵģֱӽ׸ͣ˿ͻᷴڡ
еķӡӡ֮ǿʹǺ徳ʿҲֻܹԹԵ˵
⣬ӡұҲǾ̾˿
Ȼôǿܹ̲סʵ
ܼ򵥣󣡡һЦ͵üһָͻȻһͼ
ħɴ󣡡ɫһ䡣
󷨣;࿹⣬ֻҪͨʥͨϴһ˿ѷ죬˵㹻ˡ˵
ͽԺ֮еͼ˵ϣ֮¾Ҫκһ󷨣ǿԺ;࿹Ĵ
ҪóҲԲһ׵飬ҪԾΪ۲ʩչħɴĿ̶̳˿ھ
󷨾ҪǧħʿʬΪţҪЩڷ֮мǲܵ顣
󷨲δҲ̫һ˰ɣҡҡͷ
ҵܹŪһЩ΢΢һЦָֻһ㣬ɲǼݵضʼζ
һ߾Ӵӵص֮ðħģҲģЩʬֲܱ֮ǰȻǾ춯ذٲа֮¡
಻٣پʬ塣㿴͡
ͿЦһнħĻҲ޷ã
ЩʬǰȻǾ춯ذˣҲֻڲ
پʬħҪٸλ֮ʹ֮ͳ˼켫ƷʯǶ˵֮У
ˣʯصһɲǣһɺɫϢ˲գ
󷨳Ѿˣһ˿֮ɫϾؼҵϣ
ħֻһֱͽ֮еĽħҲͶħɴ֮У
Ӱֹ⣡ϵɻ꽣һնٽٵڿзѳ⣬⽫ħгƬ
ԽħʣЩ龹Ȼ۳һħ
ЩĽħһ֣㱻ħɴɣ
ħŪģ¶һ˿ϲɫ
ħʥ֮Ȼʲô˲ĴڣҲħʿޱȵᷳ
ڴ˿̣ȴõõá
ǧͷħĹע£ɴѾﵽ˼£
һ׶ˣ˷ܵĽ
𣡡ħɴ֮дһ
ǰپʬ徹Ȼڴ˿ɱЩħ˱¾Ķ
پʬ֮Уκһ߶Щħֵܹġ
һצʮͷħ㱻һͷţǵʬȥ
˲䣬ţʬϵĺŨ˲٣Щʬ徹Ȼڻ֮ǿԼ


432 Ĺ
ǧͷħһӣ㱻پʬһա
Щֲʬ壬ЩħĻᶼûС
ħɴʵĿ𣿡ʹĿǿֲһĻ
ħɴ󣬱ǽħ֮һħ֮ʣħͷǿֲħͷħͷ֮ԿƺҲʲôܵ顢죬ʯ㼤ĽеʱħɴѾΪؼʱ򣬶Ѿһֲĵز
ʹĿ鼫ƷʯħɴǰҲԵò
ৣһӣʮ鼫Ʒʯû˴֮С
ڼƷʯĴ̼֮£֮еʬɱĸӼңÿһ̶ʬ屻ɣ
͵ҲڵѪƷʯھݶϡҲֻãˮ̶֮Ū˰鼫Ʒʯ
һ̣һӱʮ飬һĶˡ
𣡡ʱħɴҲѾͷʮͷħͷڴ֮вɱ
ˣͿɹˣ˷ܵĿŴ֮вɱħͷ˷ܵĽе
飡ɢ֮ʱһͷϲۼ׵ħͷվ˵£ͷ͡
ܣ⼸͵ĵһӦ
ۼ׼ͺͱѪʱһģһʣҲ޼ʿһǺͬһʿ
žһָ֮ɢȥĺڴ˿ۣ۳һѳǹϡ
𣡡
ԺħԺˣ͵һ£ֻһӡ͵֡
ӡ֮Уͺħ֮һѪĸо
ʲô˼һ㶡
ħ֮ħʵ֮ǿԶһĻʿ㾹Ȼô͸ˣ
΢΢һЦʱƿˣ˻Ҫһ֮
⿿ħ𣿡һ㶣ԭΪħԶԿǾˡ
ħֻǣƾҪһҪĺģķӡҵͷų˵
֮ǰ˵е㲻һüͷһ塣
ҪһһȻҲһһ˵¶Цݡ
ǣˣ˵;Ȼûһ˿ķŭһԼе˼顣
ϣ㲻ҪˣСۣһ
֤ұ֤ƭˣĵ˵
ʵ
ԼǧﴦǱи̳оŸ׽̳Χ̳֮±ұˣͬʱҲͨʥͨڡ˵
͵˵ͷһħ㽫ʧʣ
ħʲôεǿߣʵ
壬ҲǺ徳Ĵ˰ɡҡҡͷ
徳͸̾һ
ˣָ·ļ̳˵

ţֻҪһ̳ܵÿ죬һ궼ҪСµĿŵµľŸͷ
ƺҲǸӦĵ̳֮еľŸͷȻı˷ˢˢĿ㣡
𣡡ħһȫ˼̳
¡ɲǼضŵڸǣ
ˣ̾˿
ѪҪ޴͵ĳħ
ħĶôǲаʵ
ͲĶ֣ħҲֻǣƾˣ˵
飡ħһαײɣѾ֪ǵڼˣǿޱȵħھϹ֮Ѿ˺ۡ
һֻ۶ȥָǱҧϣ
ľҲùһͷ˫Ƕħ۶ϣһȴһͷ۾ϡ
׼ˣҵħֻܲסһϢʱ䣬Ҳֻᣡޱ֣ص˵
͵˵ͷתתڴ˿̷ϵѪҲڵ˼£Ѫһ԰˰̬ǰ
Դ˺ȣֻЦŵ˵ͷ
ħʳָһ㣬֮ʼָۣ
ȥһȣʳָ֮ϵĺâ˲仯Ϊ˾ŵ˾
𣡡ڴʱħҲһſ˫۲һеĽıס
𣡡
ŭĳħ
һȣ˲佫
֮һʱ֮侹Ȼ޷ѣ
ɫҲޱȵĲҰףȻҪסһޱȵļѣ
ͽ㣬һ׹ȻӲĴļ϶֮г˽ȥ
ƽʱ͵ǿʮҲδܹ֮ȥħƴֵټħĿƣԭܵ˿ܡ
ƿϵɻ꽣һ޴Ľâն£
¡ҵһ̳ȴѿһ˿ѷ죡
䣡͸ɴὣȭצ͵̳֮ϣ
䣡
䣡

һ˰ȭÿһȭԽһСɽ򴩣̳֮ȴü̳˼ѷˣ
䣡һȭ̳֮ڳȱڣ
ҳŲסˣһѪ˶֮ײɡ
ָжľһ˲䣬㽫ħɣһеĳ͡
ǵʹػ̳ݲԺַ
ʹ󾪣ҪǱϣһ£С
䡱һȭ̳֮ڳһһ˿Ķڣ
ͲٳɣһԾ˼̳֮У
𣡡
𣡡
̳֮⴫ŭ
ɹˣ¶һ˿Цݣ˭Ҳ֪һ˿Цݵζʲô
ɭһ̳̲סһ
ǵĹһ
Χͨ˴ͨһˣѹͲ֪ı屻ӡʲôط
ȻһĹʿôģΪħͷ޽Ĺ
ȻĹҲӡ㱾ģĹ֮бȻǰɱ
㱾ʵжǿͲ֪ǾԱҪǿϰٱĹ֮һпС
ֱǸŮ˸ƭˣͷ߷ߵ˵
ȴòŮ˵ȥҲһ̣Ѿɼˡ
ҲѾû·ҪӼ̳ȥǼֱǰΣ
ֻҪһðͷǾͻὫ˺Ƭ
ĴαһŮˣ
¡¡ͻȻһԼٶȳ߸
ʲô񶼽ţ
꣡һǹ͵ͷƤ˹ȥ
ܣüͷһ塣
һͷһ˸ߵĿܣһͷܵıϲһŵıǹϸһа˸ϸոһǾŸ
ǹϿһǹԽһԪӤʿ̴зҲܵסһǹ
ԪӤĿܣһ˿ɫ
ԪӤĿҪˣȴڻʯҲֻƳᵤĿܡ
һͷֳɵĿܸȻҪЦˣ


433 ܳȺ
Ըõİ취ǽܵĻʯᣬʯһ壬ЩҲʧȥ˶ҲֻܳΪһѷ
ںͻĶս֮ʱͱƻԷ࣬ڻǼӲ壬޴֡
ÿһֿܻʯڵĲλͬԼƵͿܣʯԲƵͿܻʯؿڣͿ
ʯڵλȫǰߵϲģҪڵһξ׼ʯڵλãǺѵġ
ǰһͷԪӤĿܺǿ͵Ϯ֮пԪӤڵʿҪԴԾĻ͵Ķ֡
ȭ׹һһ̱˿ܵҺ󷽣һȭ˿ܵͷ
ǹܵķӦҲһһȭ͵ȭͷײһ
ȣͲǽᵤĿܹġ
⣡˸
䣡ͽһţǿʹʯ嶼ųһӣͬһ֧˿ܵĻУһȭ˿ܵĸ
ǣһȭȥܵĸһѷ죬ȴ⣬һ䣬һ
飡Ӳһеϵɻ꽣˳һѷ˽ȥ
̣ϵɻ꽣ɫĵܵڱ
ȻѲ˵ܵڲȽϴ
ҵˣ۾һϵɻ꽣һᣬܶпһöȭͷСĻʯ͵ǰ
ԪӤĻʯͽһöʯ֮С
ǸոյѾĹ֮еĿܣ˷Ķǿƶ
Ҳһϣ
ಣʮ˱ǹƿն
һ߱ǹͻܹɶԸٵĻô;ֻӵķˣ
飡֮ͨͻȻһ޽ն£ϵɻ꽣ײһ
˱ǹ֮⣬Ĺ֮оȻһ־޽ܣ
޽ĲҲ侪ˣϵɻ꽣ײһ£Ȼֻǳһȱڣ
ϵɻ꽣֮Ȼ޷жϣ
ĿܣҲʯҪӲӲ³ѵ
ͽһ޽ܵĹצȫ޽ܵؿڣ
üͷһ壬ҪջԼ֣˭֪޽ܾȻеľ޽һӣһѱס͡
ˣһ
¡޽ܾȻԱˣ޴ıը˲㽫ûʮ߿ܶ꣡
ȿȿȣԱҲ̫ˣ̳֮У˳
ϱϵĻⱬը֮Ҳ˲٣
㻹СһΪãϾʿµĹѵ
͵˵ͷ⼸߿ܶкαըʮ߿ܶ𻵴Աһͷ֮⣬ջʮöԪӤĻʯҲջˡ
һܵĽŲﻹͣ˳ͨٱȥ
Ĺ㣬ڵϲ㣬Ҳ򵥵һ㣬һ֮˵ҲٶֻԪӤĿܣɱκθҴĹˡ
䣡һǳһ˿Ѫ
˶ܵĹҪ˼ǲܵ飬ֻܾܵĽ˵ĳ̶Ƚ͵С
һᣬЩܸһȺǣܹȫɵ޷Ĺ֮ߣ
ֻһɫС͵ָ⣬ʳָһһСͷ˳ȥ

漴֮ͨڴһ죬֮£Щܵ屻һδεи
һӣ͵ĶͷѾȫǺˮȻǿ̫ԪӤڵͶ޷ֶá
ǽһӣΧɱ͵ĿҲһգ۾͵Ѿޱȵ΢
һУ˻Ż˵֮
Ҫһ㣬콣ͨâһʹãһӶˡ
˼ĿܲкȻɢڵϵĻʯȫ
Եһ㣬һսֻջٶöʯ
ԼһĻʯ𻵵ģм߿Աʯû
Ľ˵㲻ԺԪӤĿܾͲȱˡ
͵ȡģ첹͵Ū߿ܡ
һ޽ܣһǹܣҲĹ֮ΪĿܡ
߿һǰһҲ˲١
ϾʿΪ˷ӡĹҲҴ⡣
ԼתֿܵĻܽһȺĿܣԼҲҪˡ
Ӧ֪ݰɣͱ߱ߺ졣
֪ҡҡͷʣʼնһ䡣
ԴˣҲֻܱʾΣ
Ĺ֮ȻǵĿܣѾûжвֻ߿ֱܳɡ
߿ֵܳĽǶԷһؽصƬһԹսֱҡͷ
˰죬ͶûзʲôмֵĶ
ı嵽Ǳӡüͷһ塣
ʶţĹ֮͵ʶܵ˼ƣܹңȥΪˡ
ǰâһ޽͵ĵ͵ǰ
ѵʯľ޽⺮âǰȻϳأ
üͷһ壬ϵɻ꽣ǰĿܡ
Ĺ֮оȻһͷŵĿܣҾҪ༸ͷܻҪǿ޽ܵľ޽޷ֵ
ϣ˫ཻ漴һͷܱ˺ڰ֮С
һɣߣ
ͲüͷĶֲֲģںڰ֮УһֱɱУ
ܸ֪ԷĴ𣿡ʵ
У͸оܷ·ĹΪһһ㣡ҡҡͷ
Ϊһ壿һ㶣еϵɻ꽣͵ĴԱߵǽ֮У
ûʲô쳣ҡҡͷ׼ջϵɻ꽣ʱȴϵɻ꽣·Ǳ̶סһһâֱӴǽֱָ֮ؿڣ
ۣ֮ɫֱӴһâɫ˲佫⺮â˳ȥ
ۣһʮ׻ʽХĴ̽ǽ֮УһɴɫѪҺǽ֮˳
ȻˣЦһ͵һģǽںȻ
һ̵ֻﱻʮ׻ʽĶǽ֮ϣ
ҲǼǿʹҲûеȥ
ֻҲӦ˰ɡʵ
ᣬޣܹǽ֮⴩УϵļҲĺˣʹԪӤʿҲɱ󡣡µ˵ͷ
һֺޡЦһ
ʹȴǻεʸ񣬼ʹɳΪļޣҲΣ˵
͵˵ͷһֽ࣬ϵļ̰
ⶫƷͷã
ৣһâһγ֣һμ͵Ĳӻ˹ȥ


434 һ·ɱ
һâ͵ĲӴǴһ㣬͸ͺƬһ˿Ѫ͵ĺ˳
漴һâ۷һĿֱ͵ͷ­
󣡡ʹ󾪣ʮ׻ʽǰ
飡һâײϽ֮ʱ׻ʽϴʮ֮ףֱӴâϣ
⺮âһ٣漴һɫĳĽ⺮âѹ˵ϣ
⼸͵Ϯ͵Ķڱץסˡ
˵ڹŹһ⡣
ոһͷӦһټ۵Ļǿסһ
µԼ˺ۣ⺮âķ̶Խͷ­
ɲǻƣӵֽͷװȥ
СһͷֲҪԼĶȻֻһֻƴСĳʱһ㵡
г棬ʮλ͵ϮȫгԽ鱦п¿űµг̾˿
ǰֻг治ǳɳڰˣδΪȫ壬͵³Ĳ˵
粻Ͻ磬һֻӶ˿ֲʵԼֻϡ
гǰϺһ֪ܷټгĿֲٶȣ˲佫һԪӤʿնɱ
׼гôʵ
ô£Ͻг֮Լľӡ
⾫ӡгͲò͵ָӣӲĻֻҪһͷܡ
ҪֻܴгĻʿҶҪˡͽгԼļϡ
ֻΪгǴײˣŪŪģ·˷ۡ
ȥָг湥һ߾޽ܣ
ѵ޽ܼûзӦͱгԴ
Ȼǲͬ죬иѾˣϵɻ꽣Ҳ޷׵Ľһ߾޽и
ߣҪǱСʵ󽵣ССĿʲô²ĺһ
Ĺ֮п˵ΣأпܶΧ׷½أó޶͵Ϯгּóи棬˵ԵҽĹ˲һ޵
ĹһԹʶ޵£ҲֻѡΪԭʼİ취ֱײ
ֱ޸߾޽ܣĹ֮дƻмֱӴ˹ȥ
󣡶һǵĴ󣡡ͿǰĴһ
ĴûһֱӰ͵Ѫ֮ȥˣ㱻ų
Ȼһ󣬶һΣصĹ֮С
ǲ
ǲĻֻԭ·أôȴıǾ׷ɱ
൱ں徳ʿһܹԸģ˵Ǿˡ
ʹʹܹ׷ɱǱ滹һء
Ŀֲġ
Ȼûбֳʲô⣬˭ܱ֤Ů˻᲻ΪǨŭ
ΪԼûܹǰߡ
͵ҽŸոտ⴫֮Уһͽʹˣ
ڽвˣ¶һ˿Цݡ
ȻʱȴѾ;ƿݵĵز֮ǰħѾľʣ
һ꣬ʹܹҲǼޡ
ҲǱʹһֻڵʿİٶ꣬һҲ֮ʱһա
׷ƣһֲٶϻת֮㻯һѷĩ
Ĺ֮еȴ˿֪Ѿȥ飬ʱСĵһƬ֮ߣľ߾޽Χ·
ͽһɽɽĹ㲩˿ڵڣ
Ϳ϶ԼĹ֮С
Ϲʿܵʵͻһ˽⣬ܹٳСǧѪĿռ䣬ôĹ֮¿ٳһ˴ĿռȻҲʲô⡣
Ψһǣ˴Ŀռʲôõġ
ѪϹʿ׼ʿļͬʱҲӡѪķĹ
ôǷӡ㱾Ŀռˣ
;Ŀܣһ㶼ӵгΣյĴڣôһƬɭֻ֮Σա
棡ͻȻ
һ޴ɽĶˣ
еľֻһ૵
ıӦþǱˣ̾˿
Ŀܱɽ֮ײãȻѾԤϵɽ֮·Բɡ
ʵҲͬǰ㣬ǰɽ·ϣضޡ
Щ֮˲֪꣬ܳ˴ĺɽ֮еûһǧҲа˰١
ƺ˻εС֮֮ٶ£Щļ޵ʵȴʼά޵̬ͷ˵첻
һ·ͼһ·ɱȥģ֮ǰڵһβ֮ƵĿҲһ֮һա
Щ޶ǿޱȣǾ޽ǵĹҲŲ˶ã
ۣϵɻ꽣һâһͷ֮ܵͷ­ᴩ
ͷҲΪѲˣԼߵľ߾޽ܼ֮һһ
֮СӻҪǿһǼ츳ܹͨıΧ
֮ܵͺǿټϸıһ츳ͨɱӡ
Ӱ֮ܣŶᱻӰ죬֮ƶٶȴ󽵣ζ㱻򵽡
гƴ֮ͷķϵɻ꽣һ򻹲֪Ҫһͷܾء
ֻȡ֮ܵͳɽȥ
ԽϣЩ޵ʵԽǿЩعأκεҽصﶼܵǵĹ·ǵְһ㣡
һʯ¶ǣһնһͷԴ
һ·ɽɲһ򵥵飬ʹڵͨʿҲгԲ
ָĵҩҲ꣬ڶǿʯڻָڵ
ˣôްôޣҲܲ˰
ʱ;ɽ֮һľ룬֮һľȴԵޱȵ
ҲڵĵĲˣ͸ɴදڵѪ԰˰̬ɽֱ壬Щ赲޼籩Ĺ˺Ƭ
¡ʱɽ֮ϵһ
һӡȻûľӡǰֲͷҲܹԸģ´󼱣
޿ɱܣȥ˵ҧҧһ˺ͻлľأ
Բͣ
ʹ⣬ϵϢǿ˼֣һеɱȥ


435 
𣡡Ҳһٶ֮Уһɳֱӹ͡
൱ں徳ʿȻССĻʿֵܹġ
˵Ҳ󷨣ֻҪƻ󷨣ǰһȻҲͳ
ĻþӡȻȲľҲԽɱ´󼱡
ССԪӤʿҺþӡа壬ֱ·
󣡡ͱһʮ׻ʽ˲䵲ǰ
ֻǰһ磬ƾӲһ
൱ں徳ʿȫһһԽͽɱĸɸɾ
ʹػֲǴ͸˽ֱӴ͵ϣ
䣡ȫƬһ˲ըѣ;ͬѪһ㣡
꣡һ̣͵ӰͻȻʧˣȡ֮һӣ
ڻϵõķȡ
ýֵʩչҽ֮˺ȳܣʣԭȵʮ֮һˡ
Ǻ徳ʿʮ֮һҲһʿ֮ء
б׺ۻ壬ѪĻָ־ˣܹһ֮
þӡĲȻܹ͵֮еһȻ޷ʩչͨ
ͽһֱ˴֮У
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ۣһ;̲ס˿Ѫ
սֱһ£ܹѾˡ
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ҡҡͷⲻǶĲǼƻĲͼƻ֮仹кܴġĲƻǿʵ
ú˵ºһ
Ȼģ»ǺͣΣ취ɲʲô˶ܰ쵽ģ
ԵΪһδҲ͵һĪĵطǳǰľȻһʯףʯʯذ޴ʯֳ
㱾𣿡뵽
漴ʶһɨҲǱӡŪˣ°ʲôΣա
ǣʶûκεƣ֮гʯףʯ֮ͱˣ˵һš
ǹѹ֣ѹ֣һ˵ѹ֣ȴ֪˵Щʲô
Ҫȥһͳˣ͸Ųͱֹˡ
ôˣһ㶡
ֻҪУͻᱻǣȻͨʯ֮УһΪ壬þۺϣµһ˿
󷨣һ
һھݼѾϾˣʹżм˳֣ҲǼ͵ڵͶûнӴʲôڹ顣
רŶԸ꣬˵ĥͨϹʱҲǹʿΪʢʱڣƺΪĹϵһʿ͵硣Ҳ˺ĵ㣡˵
绹ֱӴӷˣһ
ȻЩҪķѼԺٷ˵
ͣµĽͣҲֲ̤󷨣
⴫ǵн޳
ʿڷӡ㱾ʱѾϵ˻˽Уó˵ĴЩͼ˵ʿȫ̳֮С
Ȼʯ֮зӡıı壬ڣ͸Ͳҽ롣
ʶһֻɻϣ֮С
˲ֻɻͱȡ͵ʶݣͼʱϿһʶԼҪꡣ
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ҲѯǷƳ֮¶ҡҡͷʹƽ֮Ҳڵܹ쵽顣
Ҫ뿪ͱȳı壬ͬһǵ͵ǰ
ͳϵɻ꽣ն󲻽ЧҲһһ˲µͱһ룬ŵ¶֮У˵ʲôˡ
ʯ񣬶ޱȣƾκûκεˡ
رըǺԣյһܱͨ˿ֲ
һ֮ҲˣܹûκεķȻЩʿģΪûܹƿ󷨣ʯ֮е˾ȳ
ʵϣҲǲ伬̶ֳľͻþӡҪ
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ͻȻʯ֮һƺðһʯ׾ͷֳʮݣͼɢѡ
С֮һٷݺ˲㱻յĸɸɾ
¡ʯͻȻҵĻζںڵ֮ײһ𣬷죡
ɵʿʯ֮дһŮӵ
䣡ʯһâһţһޱȾȵ鷢ˣʯ˫͵һקɢ˲ͽʯ׶˿Уʯ֮еĺͬҺһ㱻ȡ˳ʯ֮У
Ȼⷴѹˣˣʯ֮еȡΪάִתϢ
ɶҵʯ֮д˸Ůӷŭ
ÿ£ʯ׾ͻһηÿһζѹ
ǧʯ֮еŮѾǧǧΣÿζʧܶա
֪УѾ֤ʯ׵ڶʮηˣҲζѾȥĸˡ
ĸ֮УҲǺ޷֣ʯ׷֮ʱἯеʯ֮ϡ
ʹ󵨵ĳһ£ķΧȴûܵʹ࣡
ϾǴǲһͨڵҪѹʯ֮еֹ˿ʯף
ҲͿһ˿ϣϾֻҪܿʯ׾޵Ŀܣ
ϡºͳʯ׷֮ʣϵɻ꽣;׻ʽ˫ϲһֲĽâնʯ֮ϣ
ʱѾȫеʯ֮ϣϾ˼͡
֮ʹһһѪֱײʯ֮ϣȻʯײû˼¡
飡
֮ڣҵĻ
Ĺʧˡ
º󣬻һγ֡

ܶʼ˶ʮ꣡


436 
ʮ꣬ڵ֮˶ʮꡣ
ȵʯ׷֮ʱͱ㾡ȫʯס
ʯ׵Ĳʼ⣬ޱȣϵɻ꽣Ҳ޷⿴ͨʯһ˺ۡ
ľϣˮʯټ̵ĶҲ޷סϵĺ
ͼ֮ʯ֮ϱѾͷ˿Сѷ졣
ͱ㷢֣ʯ֮е˷ҲԽԽ֮мֵʱҲԽԽ
ԭְֻܼʱңȴܼһʱ
ʱƣʯ֮ϵѷҲԽԽһָÿһηҲܼʱ
ܹĸоѾֲ˶ˣ
ʮ֮ʯ֮ѾһȭͷСĶڡ
ⶴڴһźڲͣת
ǰһʯ֮еѾ㹻һƱܹʯף
ƣʯ֮ͻȻһȣ
¡ʯ͵ĻζҲһ̷
ʼԴԴϵĴʯ֮жȡ˵
󣡽㣡ʯһȡ
ʹ֮£Ҳ޷ֹʯ׵𶯣
ʯȻҲβܣһԭͱʯף˿̱Ľʵʵͬһֻһ㡣
ƽʱʯ֮е˱Ȼ巴֮ڣʯ֮ѾʹһȭͷСĶڣֻ˽ĸ£Զ
䣡ʹĶΪģһѷѸӣ
Ҫƿˣ˷ܵĿżʯףʮŬ˿ڻ˳ɹ
ǣɲǼ䣬ʯɣ׼ʯ鶼ˡ
񣡡һŮһ
ǱͣͲûпŮӵݣǽӱӰа˷
ˮƵָһһУ
ѵϵɻ꽣޷նϵȻôˣ
Ϳڵ϶ϳصе㲻Լ۾
ѵ
ѵ
ѵ
ѵ
һŮŪϡ
˱ôãҲ˰ɣŮ¶һ˿ŭ֮ɫһ̧
ʯԤ׵ıۼʯ֮е˿Ҳͬһ㱻Ůգ
ĸоãŮӵһЦͷ˿ͣ
һǺ㳤һģһȴӵĮ·һж޷ŮӶݡ
ʿܹܲطֶʮ꽫ͷţŮӵĿͣ˿ûбֳм顣
Ӧý㻹ģüͷ
İɣ㲻һ֡ŮЦЦ
߰ɣһӡ
ֻһΧǰһһ̱˼̳֮⣡
𣡡ӡ˲䷢ֱӳġ
δҲ̫Сˣһ
ʳָ֮һâһ
ûп巢ʲô飬Ѿŵ˵ϡ
ϣһɫסǵж
Ȼ֮ǰʹħĵϷӳʱȣֱն
൱ں徳ʿħǰȻ޻֮
Ҿһĳŵ͹ˣһ
䣬㴫һһ̱ȥ
Ҳ¶ԭӣɳʱȴһɰڰ׵Ļţֻ֮²ϱС
ͻȻ䣬һɫû֮У
ŮӷϣͲʧ˸ַԲⷲ磡
ˣֱ㽫ƺõķ˹
ĸһ鱦Ψһȱݱû顣ĵ˵
ƺ˵Ƴһ鱦ʲôֵÿҫ顣
ĸȻֻһƷⲢ˵ĲУû꣬ӵĻƱؿԳΪĸ顣
ˣĸѾеϵɻ꽣
һ֮ʹõӵȡԷЧá
ǣĸĽ󷨱ʹͿֱ󷨣ĸ֮еľԵС
ڷ֮м޵аĴˣ
Ҳû뵽ľȻô
ӴԺͱɣһһָ֮оȻһͨ
Ҳ˵ֱӽͨħ磬ʥͨ
˲ʵССĿռͨȻ޷ʲôӰ죡
ģʹĿԼеľĸʮ֮еľ·һ㡣
Ȼ֪ĺǿȴ֪Ѿǿزһָȥ
ʮ꣬͵Ϊһʱ͵ΪѾԪӤԲΪһʿ
ԵˮҲʮ֮ɹͻƽڡ
͵Ļ֮£˫˫ɽٳɹԪ˲ǧꡣ
ͽԼƵ˫ˣ˫۹ħ˫ۣͬʱּ˷ӵһ˿аףɻڶԵеʱռϷ硣
ţԵˮϵԼԭȵı
ˮԵܹᵤѾһ׵飬ܹѰϺõķΪԼı
һʴһͿǷķպҲһơ
ʿ˵ǿ
ȻҪˣħϵɻ꽣ڸոյõľĸ֮϶ҪԶھ׻ʽıǳĴڡ
Ҳʱ̵̫ԵʣϾԪӤŰ꣬һǧĻԾ׻ʽĲʣȻ鲻ȥ
ľ֮һķƵķܲȥ
ʱ֮еķǳһһ磬·Ǿ²һ㣬Ѿа֮ˡ
ȴûע⵽һ֮бд۵֮£һֻĴָСĽɫա
һ治׵磬һһ˿ɫĻ֣
񣬱׻˫ϵľеȴֻеһףȴûл
нķĻȫգ
ڵޣҩ඼һǧңкܶҩû˳һұ䣬֮ҩ
ҲζţһҲһǧˣȴ֮ûӣҪȵɳΪӻ֪Ҫأ
ݵķӡһγһȱڣӰӷӡ֮˳
ۣɵĵط𣿡˷ܵĿŴδ磡


437 
ʮ꣬㹻һСŮһͤͤĴˡ
뿪ӡĵļ̳֮˳һԼҴ塣
ʮʱ䣬˵һգ۵ʱ䣬Ƕڷ˵ȴ˵С뱲ˡ
ٻˣ
صԼҴϢ֮һʱζӳ¡
ԼٻʲôУԼϲŮˣҲ޷ֹˮ
Сͻ֮ǰĽ̵ȻѾԲľأ˵ѾǼˣ֮ûĸҪǲܵ顣
кСҲʾϣܹ뿪ݡ
ٻȥСһ¶мﻹ磬뿪Ҳûзԡ
뿪֮ʱӭǵһɫķ
һԪӤڵѹ˲ѹ˹ȥ
ԪӤʿԷһ
һҲʿ𾪣Сͻж˻Ϊһݹʧʡ
ʹ뿪ˣᵤʿһ¡
ɲݣԪӤʿҲǱضǣһܹԸĴڡ
˵Ҳù·Ӧ˷ӡɶΪ֮ʲôˡ
ҲǼϲ֮жڻɱݵʿشġ
ȻʱȴԼغﾹȻһԪӤʿĪ˵ˣһ⡣
¶˵һˣݵķӡԪӤʿ˵һЦ˭ܽ
Ƕ˲ٻǣͿűԩΧƵĵɽ΢΢һЦ
һضΪ֮һ壬һֱŵĻһʧĸɸɾ
һīɫС͵У֮ǰȣᦵԼǿࡣ
ϵܣȻˣΪβأʦЦ
͵ĹϵڶȹΪѵʱ䡣
ӵƲָΤʤҲ˳ԪӤΪڵڶλԪӤʿһʱ䵤ʵǡ
͵ᦣȻ嶼ɱˣ
͵˵ͷСͻн˵֮ϡ
ϵܣ㣡ʦһ
ԼȻ͸͵ΪԪӤڣ񲻾ζţ
ңͻˣҲ
㡭ϵţȻ̶̵ʮ֮ͻơʦ̾һ
ʦ˵ǿͳɳͲһССʿ֮һγǰʱѾԪӤʿˣһͨԪӤڴʿ֮ϡ
ȥʮ꣬˾ȻһԾΪʿ˵ٶʵ˺ա
λǣʦкСʵ
յĵӣͻСЦ
úúã˶ˮ˶η֮ʡʦĵ˵ͷ
ʦӴ֮óһѷȣһˮ֣ǼƷɱ͸С˵Ҫ̫ˡ
ȣ˫ԣƣƣˮֹһ壬ڼƷ֮Ҳϵȣڽᵤ֮ǰǹˡ
лʦˡϿлʦЦ
ллʦ˳ʦһݡ
ʲôϵܶҵڿдģ㶫ϵܶҵڶݵ֮һʦЦ
ڲƴ֣ȻںССļƷ
͵ĻȻܹõƷƷȴжı֤
ϾڿǴɣ֮
͵ļƻҲСͻⵤ֮Ҫ飬ʵǲʺϴӡ
ʦӦܹ˺ӵӦòࡣ
ºڴһЩķ֮ͱǰݣһҪĦ£ҪĦнһҪõӾСѩ
֮ǰ˼Ħ¼֣һУʵΪʿǵõ鱦ĸʿδĶ֡
ҲӤɹĦ֮е޺
ƿ޺µķ޺µĻΣȻء
Ǹһᣬһ͵͵ǱĦµĻᡣ
Ͼ򲻵ѣʵǲĦȻӲӲ
ǰĦȻԱĿһĨ˲һаȻʿ
Ħ£ͿԶƵķ΢΢̾˿
˵Щӣγһܹ֮صķʹǻʿҲֲʲôô
˵ݵľþħɴȻǲԶˡ
ͣҲǲһˣûжĿ־塣
ҪӲƴĻĸ֮еľͷųҲܺ󿹺⡣
ʱû㣬Ϊ֮Ϊ󿪷֮š
⣬΢΢̾˿ǰһ˸ߵĶڣֱӴⶴ֮˽ȥڼ侹Ȼûκʿ֡
ɵúãаϲȻҲֱʣһѾеʿ룬Ҳֻ޺ܰ쵽顣
ѣ뿴͡
͵˵ͷһΪһ塣
ʱյĵλĦ¸ؽԿȥɡ
ؾȥˣĦ»ʲôطȥأ
ѣѱڰ˲㣬ʮλĦµԪӤϿأڼҲȥΣʩչطӳѱѹʱ䡣˵
˱ã˿
ڵĻͱˣʹ֮ϵҲԽԽ΢
͵ɣһ
͵һ㶡
͵˵ͷһô뿪Ħ£һֻˣ
һ߻޵ıǷͨĦ±õ֮أͻû뱩¶뷨
һֱӴ֮С
ηҴĦ£սһȴ
ȻˡЦһ
ͱؽƣӵзͳޣκʿᴥЩƣ
ֻҪؾ֮еʿ֣ôĦ֮оܹͣ
ᦣһӣһͷļ޵ĻǱޡ
ħӣһֻɫļ޵Ļǡ
ͨմӡˣЦһ֮Ǽͷǳ
ʱȫһħɣһڳϾ岻ѡ
ͷ͵Ŀ֮£һӵϣĽһһȭʿϡ
һȭֱӽʿѪը
һԪӤʿĻ֮У
ʯ֮䣬һԪӤʿ


438 
ħ֮зʢ
ѹ֮£ǰļͷоȻ¶һ˿ηɫ
Ͳϲ⣬Ȼ׵һη壬ǶٶЩЩơ
ЦһЩĦµΪΪַΪĻôʹشˡ
һҡһź˲⾹Ȼ޷̴һ
ħӣ־ܣȻ֮еķ޶ˡ
־ܣЦһ
֮еĻԴԴϵͷų⼸˲㱻Χ룬һʱ֮侹Ȼ޷
ӷʩຣĻͷǰǴӵ㴫һɶ
ͺ¿ķԶûãһħ˲ϣһɫĵâ˳ȥ
ʩ⡭ޡϺ˲䱻ħȡ
ˬˬһֻҪɱʮˣҾͲѪˣˮ߹Ц
˵ġЦһ
˵һˮɫЦһȻֳΣսš
ٶȺܿ죬ںˮߵİ£ܿ嵽˵㣬һṦ򣬾ѾĦµĳ͵ϣúˮߴ񫡣
ڵڰ˲㣬Ʒ̨ڵھŲ㡣²⣬ھŲпܾؾڣǼʿԲӲܡа뵽
ͬһʱ䣬˿վѾ֪ħͷֵϢѸֽ֯ħ
˿ҲƲѣĦ¿Ƿʢ֮أħʿⶼޱȵֻбܿķݣﻹԼģ
ңҲ֪ħʿδĦµؽƣ֮еġ
ǹӵĵط˵Ħ֮нڲؾĽء
ʧԵĻ˿ռֱĦ²ôΣ
ҹһ
Ħµĳϴ󾪣ħǿĿãֻҪУǾǱ³һʱ֮䣬Ȼû˸͡
䣡һ⽫С
⣡һ
⣬ؾ֮֮ͨһܹϴ飬˶Ȼ
շڵ˵ǶȻǰ͵ϴԣ˳Ϊܣ
ӷ𣡴ʱҷʱ
ԣûãʹһâ˼Ħ³ϣעĸ֮ϡ
ĸֱӴ̴һԪӤʿԪӤΪĸϡ
οССԪӤʿ
𣡡Ѫһһֻצֱӽһʿͷ­󱬡
ãˣħͷ̫ǿˣĦµĳҲǱ͵׺ݸסˡ
սڣͳ˱֮⣬ûܵʲô˺Ħһ˲أԪӤڵĳϾ߰˸лһԪӤڵĳϣҲǸȴֱþĸŪˡ
Χ͸ûһȤЩñͨطαܹʿ
ǡãͶںͣıڰ˲㡣
䣡һɾֱӽ޴ɣײǽϡ
ŭĿգͲ˲ǵѪ
ǰһ˾ȻĦ֮еţ޵ͨŭĿգȻ޹кܴĲܹ࣬һǿĴڡ
οڰ˲֮лĦµĳϣȻԪӤڵʿ
ӷʩɱ¾죬͹ֲɮħˡŵһڷš
ЦһҲ䣿
޺󣡡Ŵһ
У͸ȺŹЦһ
һ̾תתɣڵͬڵĺˮһ㣬һɫ䡣
޺Ѿܹǵ֮߱Ȼвͣ
תÿһתɱӡ
ﵽתҲͨʿʮңԿȻǴ´ࡣ
ҽһȭĸһ˿ðȻ֮ǰóħ
ľȻһͨĸ֮У
תۼ䣬ԪӤʿ㱻ħסڵֹ
㡭õʲôֶΣҵŴ󾪡
Ұȴţһ
ɱ֮ˣЩѾвҲôɱ䡣
һٶúˮߴΪںˮ˵ɱԽָ࣬ҲԽ죬Ȼװ׷ŹûᣬִôҲ޿κΡ
һָһסʱҲָɣΪһ׹û͵ĵ֮С
ѹôãѾˣָԪ
ӣھŲҪʿ˰ɣ૵
¡űǿд򿪣ĦµԮȻˡ
̫ˡЦһ
Ʒ̨Ħµ֮ͿǰӲӵ̨
Ʒ̨ĦµĴʦĦģ˵Ħ̨֮ƿշġ
Ʒ̨֮£һӵʯ顣
ǲƴ֣ôʯ龹Ȼ̨̾˿
һӱ뿪˾Ʒ̨С
ϵǣؾ֮еĻʿûг֡
ѵ⼸ʿУƷֵ̨ǳ֣
飡һƾճ͵һȭ͵ĺġ
⧲֮£;ȻӲǳһ
;ԼǱһʯһ㣬󱳶ˣ
⣡ǰ˼ͷ־һ
һͣǻҪ͵
һâ·Ǵ˽һ㡣
һѪڣ޸ϵ˿ڡ
ͨϣͻǵһμзʿɷ
ɮ֮⣬ǵڶĦָ׳ʿʿ¶һ˿ɱ⡣
ӦԺ԰Цһ
ӦԲãʿһҲŶˣһȭ
ƺԲõĻᣡĸ͵ͷһȭ
ʿһһȭƴǻʿҲûмѡӲ
ذˡһ֮Ϸʢ
Ǽʹˣĸ˿
ʿɫޱȵѿ֮ǰСֵĻôһѾȫԸˣ
ʿʶĲϵȻһ붼ȡˡ
飡ĸײⲻ֮ϣʿǿ
ɽʦ˿տΪʿĶɽپȻӰϳԿ̲ס˳
ɽ٣üͷһ塣
ǰһ˹ȻǻʿĦ֮еĶɽ٣


439 
Ħ𣿡֪ԷĦµĻʿ֮ͷǵûк£Щ
ʦ棬Сģħ˿ճѵ
ɽһħ˵Ҳ̹Լ۳Ĳʵסħ
ʵϣ͸ոһâҲȷǱɽٵĲڶɽҲûܵκε˺
öɽټɵǲұϵɹء
ԼȫһһܽԼĲݻʿܹ֮һҲࡣ
ԪӤʿܹ֮סԼһлܲģֻеѳĦµɮ޳
ʱ޳Ҳˣʩչˡ䡷ϵطŵѣǰһȴĽһȭ
㵽˭ħ֮оԲˡɽʵ
㵱ɵӣЦһ
еľĸ͵˲ϣ
ߣҪɽЦһ
һץס˾ĸ͵һ͵徹ȻԼĿƷ˲
¶һ˿Цҳ
飡ĸһͷͻȻðŲһײ
ۣǿײ֮£ɽ͵һѪ
ˣ۳ĶɽپȻһԪӤʿĹˣ
Ħ˿ոǵסˣ
ؾ֮бչصĻʦһÿһγֶܾĦˮ֮С
ʹɮĦ˸׳죬Ħ˲أЩ޷ҡĦµĸ
ΪĦڣֻҪڣĦݵصλ޿ɶҡȻ䣡
ǽ죬ڽ죬˿ޱǿλʦ֮еĶɽһԪӤʿˣһѪˣ
˿ֻãԼǰһǳֻþˣ
ɽƺһ
һȻң۵ǷǿĲжȥ˲ٵҲûʲô̫˺
ĸȻͰ̾һ
ͨͨһȻ⻯ʿǾĻɽƱҪ
УקʲôקȱСָȫδػºһ
ôµĵ㡣
µ𲻼٣Ǿĸ֮ͬҲûĴڣһһȥ鱦ҲͲˡ
ϵɻ꽣һңôĸȻϵɻ꽣֮ǰ
ȻڵľĸֻһƷֻӵ飬ĸܷӳ
ڣʹǰƷľĸҲԶԸʿ
ʾͲˣһЦĸһתֱӴǽϡ
ؽػȻֱӴһ󶴣һΣ档
ɽٵɫޱȵѿûʿ֣ȻһԪӤʿߣ鴫ȥĦҲҪˣ
ӣߣɽٽ·һͬһƮ˳ȥ
ͨһέɽһŲڡ׻ݡʩչ硣
ʬʲˣʹЦһ
Ħ߾ߵģɽһ
ɽһ֣صӣһͻȻһֲõԤС
ĦʦϣФӶɽڴ˽ʦֻɽһӡ
һӡ;Ȼûм
䣡һɫķӡûĦ֮ķ֮ϣĦķ
䣡һӡĴ룬ͬһ֮еһˮһ㡣
ŵصķǷһȫĦ»ۣ֮һɫĹӰ
٣ɽٴһ
˴Ķʹŵضˣ
ĦµʲôĴھȻ⼸Ϲﶯ󣡡ʥ֮УʥŲϳĦ»۵ķ૵
٣ʲô󷨣Ͳʵ
ҲֻεҡҡͷĦ²ʮʱ䣬ȻأȻֻлʿյܣڵʸҪ֪ܻΪʱ硣
죬Ħ¾ĦºΪʿ³ֻһɽٺ
䣡һ޴ķӰշ
޹𣡡һ㶡
⾹Ȼ޹𣬺۳һģһʵȴĲ֪ǿ˶ٱ
൱ڻʿ˽֮е޵У³ѵ
ʮһûѹ׵ֶΣٴ󣬿˵ĦǿֶΡ
൱ڻڵ޹ֲܹ»ģݻҲ
Щ˼ʶݵľĻͻֲ֪Ĵ󵽵жôǿ
ٴĪ˵Ǻ;ȣɴ۳ĴħҲܽ޹󱬡
ٴҪȻҲһ򵥵飬˿ŵصķһˣʹĦµĵҲֹʹãʱֻʹһΡ
Ħᵹ֮ܵǰ˵öЦһһ޹Ϻ޾⡣
Ħʦ֮ͨССԪӤʿ⣡ɽһ
ֻһ޹̤ն֮ҫ죡
޹һָ֮бһƬƬɷ۵
ȻЩĸ͵Χ趯֮Щܿͷֺ
һһ磡ɽٴһ
Щ˲䱬ըÿһαը·һ籬ըһ㣬ըľ޴ԽһʿӲը
ھĸı֮£ȴˣ
ʱⱬը֮һһײ޹ϣ
䣡޹˫һȻӲĽͷѹ
ͷһⲻĦǿֶΣѹ
ԭ֮еÿһ൱ں徳ʿĴڣǾ֮⼸ɱĳ»ֻԭȵҡ
ÿһҲ൱һڵĴڣȴ󷨱һʿҪâ
䣡Ȼ䣬Ħ֮еķŨ˼֣
ѣɶңɽٺ
ڶɽٵ󣬳ݵӰ
ĦɣʱȻȫˣǵĶֽһԪӤڵʿ
һﵽʲôȻܹĦɴƽ֣һЩ֮ʿʡ
Һʬʣǣ͸ȵƺ˵Ħһ㡣
ʬʣ˭
𣿡
ʬʣǲǾʬħڵˣ
֮ǰʬΣ֮Ʊػᴫݣ
˾ȻҴ·ڵĦ£˵ǵ죬ΪͬʱҲΪʬĬ˵ˣ


440 Ϸ
ħʿ֮ϤһҲֻкʬˡ
޶֤һǲӷĹġ
Ҳû뵽һССľٶȻʬʴ֣֮òѵĺʬʣĦ»ʿҶʣ
ʬʵףЩĦµʿΪλ֡
һжǺ󻰣Ҳ˵
ĦɾȻһ֣Ҳ¶һ֮ɫ
ʿһǺǵģĦ֮еĶɶǻڵĴڡ
ÿһǧѣܹ׵ڵһǿĴڣɶֵĻҪܵѹȻֻϼ֡
ħ֮кʱҵȹªˣӷ𣡡ɶһڷš
ֻһ˶ądֽ⳯ѹ֮ǿȻ޹֮¡
͵ͺһ
ֻĸ֮һһdֽײ÷顣
ɶе֮ʱ¶ļɵ
֮о;ȻܹųԵУ֮侹Ȼܹ࿹⣡
ʦܣһ֣˴ħɶϷɣѺͶɽٶҲҵ
䣡֮ڵķͬڵĺˮһ㣬ע뵽һ޹ڡ
ɫ䣬Ħµٴڴ˿Ѿһ޹ǰѾԵˡ
һڲϵţȴ޹˫ѹ˵ϡ
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441 
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442 飡
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ѩ濹ɳʮԪӤʿڽᵤʿˣ٣ڵʿûɳΪʿսҲδػʲôá
Щʿ༸ʿǣɸͲضһ١
ɽӦû弶ްɡа
ɽľۼأ˵ڰɽ֮лڵʤۺʵԶκ֮ϡ
ǱĦ»ҪֲĵطһУоĸδܱס
ȴ¶˾ģ뽫Ū֡
ڱԵѾһˣǱ˵Ϊʺϲˡ
˵Ȼ󣬵ǺİΣԵе΢ˡ
Ҵ͵ɽĴ͵㣡ͻȻ˵
Ůһòİɣ
㿴ڿЦ𣿡ޱ֣ص˵
һ֪һԾķһ
Ůǰһʲô취
ҲѹŮӻ˼ѵһı֮壬ǾʧĻѩ濹Ҳһ޴Ĵ
ͷ弶޵˵
㿪ЦɣŮ̲ס˳
Ϣ̫гˣʹǻ취֮Ҳɫ䡣
ͷ弶޵ʲô
ɱһͷ弶ޣɽ֮е޾ͻƴˣһɱͷ弶ޣݵһʥҲ㡣
ݺķսܹ֮ôãǻʿս¡
Щ߸ϵ˵ôҲҪֻҪҡݵĸǾͻ᲻Ųʡ
սȻʤһ㣬Ҿͼӱ
ͬʱսҲĥµõĵطЩʿһǴɱ֮߳ģ
ǽս˫ҲһߣǾǲܳ񼶱ʿһʿսôȫսˣǾǲݵľ棬ȻЩ߲Ҫġ
ʿս⼸ѾһĬϵĹˡ
ŮӹĿһۣǰ˾һ̥ǻʿȴӵпƥɱʿ
ԤͼսƱػսһ޴Ӱ죬ԪӤʿܹ֮ס˵ľ֮٣˶۸Ҳһѹס͡
ȷҪնɱͷ弶ޣŮʵ
͵˵ͷΨһһܹİ취
ŮһãһᶯڵĴ󣬽㴫͵ս֮ϣΪΪѩ濹ʿսֻҪܻɱһͷڣҲļޣѩ濹ᾡȫ֧㣡
ͿŮһۣȻŮӳɣҲһˣһͷļޣ൱һٸԪӤʿ
նɱôļޣɽסˣп弶޾ͻ֡
ãҴӦ㣡͵˵ͷ
һͷļȷʵܶ࣬ڵʵ弶޶նɱļ֮жܹ»
ʮ֮УÿһӵԼĴ󣬲ÿһδ󣬶˵һμģʹʮɵĵҲ㿪ڵĴ
ڣˣսѾ˻ɽʿһߣһһʧأôɽޱ᳤ֱ룡Ů˵
˼ǣҾչһǱߵʿüͷһ塣
Ůӵ˵ͷ࣬Щ޳ֱĻ˵Ҳһƽ١
İɣܰĻһǻģ͵˵ͷת˴֮С
ʧıӰŮϲ¶һ˿Ц⣺˼ˣ
ֻŮһ˫ͻȻ֣һʧ֮䡣
ŮӾȻǴ࣡
˵ӵѪͳ࣡
Ͽ֮еĴɣƱػܵ׷ɱ
ɲͬ޼֮еЩӵ֮Ѫе޽϶ĺ
ѩ濹Ĵʦʱ̶һͷˡ
ͬһʱ̣ݻɽϵĴһһɫ߳˴
ĺɱüͷ
зıը࣬޵ŭ
Ȼͣ
μϣѩ濹ʿľ˴֮ǰ
͵˵ͷսΣ
ѩ濹ʿɫһ幥ֻ̫ͣػɽȻŽڵ˫ͷֵܵѹԽԽ󡣡
Žڡ͵˵ͷŽҲʮ֮һŽڵ˫ΪȻҲǲƽ֮
ɽ󣬿ڴʱɽ֮⴫һŭ
˶Ľ⣬˲佫֮еգ
ɽ󣡽һȻ˽
ɵúãҲ콣췣֮ɲǼ֮䶼һ׵ǣ׵еͱ񱩵׵С
콣ԼԼģԼڽ츳ˣȻˣ
ǣʵ
Žڵ˫ɽʥѩ濹ʿ˵
˿˵ǻɽʢ֮ˣڻɽصʿû˲֪˫ġ
ʥɣʥĺҪ֪ȻŵĻɫҲÿаЦ
ܹˣҲ֮ϲˡ
ϵһһ̱Ѿ˻ɽ֮⡣
ɨһۣսһһʮһͷļޡ
ʮһͷôͳͳɣЦһ
еһҡɲǼǧͷڼͷԪӤǵĴ֮£޵Ķ顣
㣡
㣡
֮󣬶̲ס˳
겻;ȻѾﵽֵزǶ˶˦ǾȻ͸͵Ϊ


445 
˾ȵеᦡ
ƻǵķټ붼ħ
ַԱŵͣʲô˶ãƵزɲôס
Ͼûô˸ɱҲûôǸơ
ʶȤһ㣬ûдʿĵߣôȻҲʲôʿ㡣
ɱĻôԻвôųħӵʿʱ˺ɱħͷ
һһ෨֮еƷͷľȻĻǣ޵ģҲУһЩι״˵ֵĻǡ
Ļǿ²ǧˣ˴ĻǾԲڶʱھܾۼġ
͵֮дһ˿ӵɫϾͺ֮ʱʹõĶ겻ԪӤ֮ѵ׹ħ
ᦵĳˢ֮£ʿ˲ռϷ磡
𣡡ں󷽵ļͷļסˣ׷һ
Цһȵľ⼸ͷļޡ
ЩļҲɵӣûһԵĳͷ
ͷѪ֩룬һͷһͷҹǣ
ϵɻ꽣һʱΪһݹͷļ֮һء
ٶ֮죬ͷļ޾Ȼûͷֺ
࣬ٶôô죡ŭǷԵޣóľٶȣȴһʿǣűߣ
ٶȣôͱɣʹЦһ
ֶʱΪצһצץҹǵıӲ˺һѪ
໣ҹǳʹ֮£͡
飡ҹǵԴײһޱȼӲϡ
Ƕͭͷ춹ͷ˵ΪӲĵطһײ֮³ԿľȻҹǣ
ҵıױӲ㻹ʸ񣡡ЦһΪȭһȭҹǵıϣ
꣡һȭ֮󣬾ȻӲĽҹǵļ׵ǸҶϣ
໣׵ϣҹǷˣ岻Ťš
˭Ҳû뵽ڶ̶̵һ˲֮ڣҹ͵¾ͳôĿ
ۣļͷļȻҲɿţ³˼б͡
ͷѪ֩Ҳһ֩͵֩ϣһʹо綾
ۣΪͱ֮ʱֵǱɫϣһɫĽâն
أ
أ
أ
ͷļͻȻһ徹ȻܿƵĵڵأ
ϵɻն͵һЦ
ϵɻննԷ꣬ͷ⧲֮£һ
ٹ꣡ЦһеһҡɲǼ䣬ǧƵĻӿͷļ޵֮С
ͷļ޻ϵɻնЧ֮У޷ֻĿǧƵĻǵ֮С
ʹһ
һɹɫĻ棬ͷļð
飡һͷ޵ĻǾȻǣ֮С
̶˵˳ǽҲû뵽͵ʵȻǿֵز
𣡡Ȼ䣬һɫӰͻȻȺг
ɫӰٶȼ죬ͷץһ֮󣬱˻˺󷽣
ͷ޵϶һѪΪȻˣ
βͿȺ󷽵ĽСĺɫһ㶡
ϸͷȷӵоβͣھβͶѾɫ
ζʲôͷβѾһͷļƷޣֻһɽ׳Ϊ弶ޣ
СģǾβܹѧϰǵͨæѵ
ѵѾеˣȺ󷽵ľββһصĹ˶
Сģ󾪣ǺβѾʮĽ⼸ʮ֮⼸βʵһļƷڵļƷ
ʿ֮еͨѧ˸߰˰ˣβܹںͨǿͨ
ʱβʩչıɽΪԭͣ콣췣֮ıͨ
ɲǼ䣬ؼ䶼ҵΧ
ɫһû뵽ﻹܼڴ˵еľββѧϰͨ⵹Ǽ͵Ȥ
֮вϾۼҵ͵Ҳת֮ѾۼüĵĻ֮֮Уһͷſܹ⻪ɽճһɽ
ҪӲ󾪡
ͨѾöˣÿʩչһԴ
ͳէͲ֪һͨ
꣡βһХõҵ
˫ĶһѪɫҵüĴ֮Ѿ׼ϣ
һɫ͵üĳֱѪɫҵɲǼ䣬ɫռϷ磬ѪɫҵɫĽɱ֮£ڽڰˣ
ɢָһ㣬ɫҵ˲ֿ޶֮һꡣ
֮£˲أ
βԼͨҲŭµĿͣƺνһͨҲѧϰ
һ㱾µĻôͿˣһ
ʮھ׻ʽɢɲǼնһڱΣ;ȻҪһ֮ɱеޡ
ǿĽһʲôʱѧôֲĽˣɫһ䡣
ǽмңһ۱㿴⽣ĲýĽҲǷƷ
ý֪ʮ͵ıĻ»ͷҧ
Ӱֹ֮ɱɲǼ䣬֮âһηѡ
Ƭ̵ĹЩ޾ͱĽû
һǧƵޣ¶˿ɬЦݣȫ͸ȥˡ
ȫ߶ɽȻҲһ㣬ҲûжʣˣǴ˿Ȼ
һգͱ㽫ͷļ޵ʬ˴֮УȻΪβˣļ޵ʬ廹Ǻмֵġ
ڸոһ˵Ļ̫
ת֮ۺͨʿܹġ
˼ͷļ޺һЩƤ޻֮⣬һ޴˵ȫû
㲻Ĺ֮У͵ѾԽ⻪ɽפʮͽ
㡭㡭ͣһʱ֮䶼֪Ҫ˵Щʲôá
ôˣѼ顣͹һЦ
ЦһҶҪΪǰˡ
ͽݾѾʶҹϵȻЩġ
ǾĴһԣ޵ʬ΢΢̾˿
Ϊ츳ǼʹˣҲֵز
콣ǿҲ޵ģȻԽ콣ͨâʹãȴ˹ģĻӻ


446 
͵ĳ֣תۼŤתս֣ڻɽϿֵʿʹʿ
βһۣ͸ոʩչͨȻ޷Ƴ
ʿ֮УʲôʱǿĴˣβüͷһء
β㻹ĻôǼͷ޾͵Ϊʬɣһеϵɻ꽣ָ˾β
βһ˿֮ɫūǺ°ѵΪûܹס𣿡
֮弶޳ĻܹһսǾƾǵĻԶԶЦһ
ޱȵĿ
һԪӤʿȻҳ弶ޣǿ൱֮лʿһ۷ڣһŶɽӵ
ϣܼסյĺ׳β¶һ˿мɫ
ɣһ
֮»һڼͷļ޵Ĵ֮˳ս
ʱƺƵ壬˿ȥʱҴ߲һ٣˵ǿսܵʧˡ
飡صɽͽ֮еͷļ޵ʬ˳
ͷѪ֩룬һͷһͷҹǣͷ޵ʬ弸㳡ˡ
Χʿв¶һĽɫͷ޿ǼֵưϵĲƳ׵ķ
֮УӵһǿļҲǴӡ
лϣѩ濹ʿɳһ
һٶڳʿΪ𾪣ڻɽ֮Уɵĵλߵġ
ʿȻдѵ͵ĵλҪɻҪߣѲѩ濹Ļʿ
ڳʿ֪ʿսأôҲһʿ
ͷļ޾ǵһŲ֮дļ޳֣͵˵
ɵ˵ͷʹ֮еõϢǰΪϣпܾǻµһˣôһ򣬻ɽ˵ǹ
ʲôȫûɽ֮УһŨü۵Ĵβı̲֮ס˳
ʱβѾ̬ɴ˵ķ飡
ˣⲢܹңǸͻȻֵʿ̫ǿ󣬽һյĹβεεڴ֮
Ķһȣ̲סһ䣺
βܹڶʱڸͨƺɧıԣβȻرȤ֮ϼ츳һһ֮Ȼɡ
βڻɽǰһ֧Ļ»ɽɴͲôˣųɾŵʿҪеͶˡ
βڵ޶޷ֵʿ֮еԪӤʿҲҪһ֮ꡣ
βͲôЩδ˵ǣӻҪƷ
ߣһڳ֮УҲֻûܵβӰˡ
ˣ֮һļ۷ޣʱпܸһΪϵ弶ޡ
ʵıһͷˣϾһ˿޷˵Ѫ֮жϰԵĽΪˡ
˶û뵽Լɳȥ޴Ȼһʿȫûļ޶ͷ
Ϊǿּߵħ֮־ͨһбǧޡβ˵
Ļ¶һ˿𾪵ɫһʿ֮вټ붼ǶϲܲóһпɵĽ
һ֮ýʿûУޡ
֮ǰս֮УҲ֪ʿ֮һõϹŽ޴еʿܹһ֮ǿĽ󣬵ǸҲİѽˡ
Ǿݾβ˵ͻȻֵʮɲһͷһУǧ޾ֶΣԪӤʿ֮ǻû˵
ƺͻȻðģյֵ鱨֮вû˵Ĵڡһ˵
ʿ֮оͨʿ֮Ҳûдˣһҡҡͷ
üͷ巴ݵĴƾԲܱһССԪӤʿ赲
ΪֹЩ޴ҲֻΪ˴ֻǺһһȥ
ʿζ벻ʱڰɽ֮оۼ˶ôֲ
죬ҳսضԪӤʿնɱһ
ܹΪʵһǾ춯صĴڣ˻֮ʵǰģǼһֱڰɽ֮бչصϴ֮⣬һܹ֮ʤ˵ҲֻУʥ񣬵ˣ
ʳǾòˣβһЦ
˵ĶҲһβǼɵ֣нβĻƾȡ֮ͬ£˾;ݲһֻꡣ
βֻȡսս޵ܹݵ꣬ЩڵҲݲ
ɽ֮ϣ͵ı֣ҲתΣΪ
ͺͽ˴ʱھٱСá
ôŽڵģһ֮ʵ
ʲôԭ򣬲ݣһڽеȻֵһ
͵˵ͷֳڣݵʵȷ޷ֵ뿪Ҳ֮С
Ƕ˵ʣʹҲܹʡ
أ겻㾹ȻѾΪʿˣʵ
͵֪ģʹҲ㲻ʲôɫǾʣȻ
һֱΪΨһĶ֣ڽ֮ϣǶ˶
ʹŽ֮УҲ֮ӣֱӱΪŵӣܵѵָ
ǼʹǶ˻ᱻ͸ȥ
һ㣬ýƣһʲʿԽ˭ﶼ
һɣһֱԵǻǲŬĻ¾ĳΪһʬˡ̾˿
ΪߣǾҲ٣ѪǽħȶǾһ顣
콣أҼǵڻ֮Ҳһ˿콣һֱû˵ͻȻʵ
ͽȻǴͷȴûó콣콣ǿᣬûóȻҲء
ЦЦҵ콣ɲһ޾ؼʱǲõġ
һϣ͵еĽˣܹ콣õֵزĿҲֻһˡ
ˣݼʯɽˣͻȻ˵
еľƱͻȻһеľƲ˼Ρ
̾˿
ͽһö׸˽档
Ͳûж˵ǽԸȥĻҲǿ


447 ս
ڽ˵ʯɽʦุĴڣСͱʯɽʯɽ֮֮·
ȻʯɽԼľٶһ˿Թޣȴڸǲʮ֮
лˣ΢΢̾˿һö˴֮С
̫֮գҲǻɽΪæµʱ
ɽΪһߣʿԴԴϵĻ۵ֵսҵĽ
һԭ۵СɽʱȴѾΪ˾ʿľۼء
ɽ֮ϣ洦ɼһЩնɱ޵ʬ嶼ᱻ͵
޵ѪƤëצӿƷһЩ߼Ƴ
սսȻΣգǴĳ̶ֳϵȷĥʿãܹʿսϵѪζڸǡ
ѥͿϵĵɫѥ֮ʱǰһ
һ죬⻪ɽϵʦѾƳķǲС
⼲֮ѥñնɱͷëƤƶɵģڴ˹֮л˴ķ龧ֻھ֮вܲɼᾧ˴ʿ֮⣬ʿ֮жп档
ڼǷԵޣټϴ龧ĸȻ򵥣ȴ̶ȵķ⼲֮ѥ
һٶ
ⶫãǶ˵ȴ޶á
͵ǻͷԶûжϵ⼲֮ѥϷӳԶԶһʿϵĴ
ԵķͿۣһԵܹٶȵķĻ͵֮á
ɺźıʾڻɽϸûķ
Եޱ٣ҸǿɱԵѶȺܴ
Ͷ𰸵Ҳûʲô⣬ҲģĻȻлնɱޡ
¡ͺɽ̸֮ʣɽ֮ͻȻһס
ɽ࣬ţˣʿҾѪϴɽ˵ͬ׹ɽϵʿˡ
Ȼ˲ûָĸʿ˶ֻ֪ˣ
ˣüͷһ壬յڲ黹ô
֮һʵǿһ֮УٮٮߣɫѿĿ֮С
Ȼɱ䣬ŭˡ
ʿϽɱ֮£˱ض˵ʲôԽݳ
һ˴ޣ͵ǿѾ޿̣ƱҪͻɱ
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ӵ޷ѪޣǷԵޣ˵츳壬ڳܹѹָ
ԣ̲ס¶һ˿Цݡ
˯ͷ
һֱӳ󷨣ңңš
ʲôȻҪһ֮ˣ󾪣
ÿһǲɽ󣬳ܹɽȫҲҺ˶Կ
Ǹˣüͷһ壬ǰʿĸоʵ̫ͨȫһоǧİԵ
ˣ˵һ˿޷˵Ѫô֪һûأһ֮ǰõһöС
ĺ˲ʹɽ󷨸ǿֲĺûɽϵʿ̲סһ
˴ʧɫ
˵Ҳֻһ˿ѪܹһűĻܹͻ弶ܹԼͳķѪ߷ױԣʹ弶֮ҲĴڡ
Ҫʲôһ
ó޷ǾҪס
ܼ򵥣ңϵıͻȻʧȡ֮һ׻ʽֱնˣ
úúãЦһ;ȻˣôȽɱˣٴŪ
ֱӵס˾׻ʽ
˼Ȼ̬սôƱؾֻ̣Ҫ֮еĻʿ֣ô֮еԪӤʿͲĶ֣Ķòűս
ƺԼķЦһһֱ֮Ӵ˵֮ϡ
̣֮˵б
ҲӲץ׻ʽ̲ס˿
֮״У˵Ҳֻǳһ˿ڣһ׹֮һ˿Ҳʧˡ
Ƿޣһǻ֮׵̫ǿ󣬸˲ֺ
ˮ׼ôɣ˴һһȭ͡
飡ҲǺãȭ˾һȭ
˫ȭӴ˲䣬ϳһۣ
⣡˺ȴȵվ˿С
һΣˣ
ȭͷϵļѪɫޱȵѿںƴ֮¾Ȼˣĸ˵Ǽɳܵģ
࣬ʵȷǳҵԤϣĶ͡
Ҳǣ㻹ıսĻԳŲУ͵Ŀˡ
˵ʵȻͨļǿϲ٣Ǻ͹ħȻһЩ࣬ڵʵҪʰѡ
˴ŭԴ֮˭Һ˵
ֻۣ˫Ѿ˼צӣצһ˿漴Ƿ磬ԣ
ϣ˽׹һһצ͡
гһ漴һ׻ʽֱ˵ѡ
ؿڴͻȻɳһ𣬴˾׻ʽĹ켣Ȼ߲˹ȥ
üͷһ壬˾Ȼܹһڼ̵ʱ֮ڽԼһ޻
뵽ԷޣܹӵֶξͲΪˡ
ͣצ֮ϣһͻȻ͵š
ˣϱڣ棡
Ϲսף˴󾪣ʿֶμֱԤϣȻϹս׶ӵУ
ֹˣЦһϷ޽ܻȻԣʯ˾޽͵նˡ
Ϲſܣ˴ʧɫ֮ͻȻ𣬴߾޽֮ϡ
ޱȵļ񣬾Ȼû˿֮ܵС
ǻĻضᰧѣǿܿɲ֪ʹеľ޽ԥն£
ϣ޽˵֮ϡ
ǿʣһ֮Ҳ߻صġ
ʯľ޽㣬ȴǳǿϾ޽ܾ޴ҲδܰȻ


448 ռͨ
͵ˣ߾޽еľ޽͵˴ѣ֮еˡ
䣡ֱӱȥڵҳһӡ
˵ӿ˵Ƕˣ
Ҫ˷ĺ
ֻһֻɳľſ˳գնڱˡ
֮УѵĴСĳ̶ֳҲʵĴСǰʹȲѪֶ߰˰ɵ壬ļ֮Ҳˡ
һĴ
չֳ˱֮ϵķͬһɽķ󷨾Ȼûζѣɼжôǿ
ɽ󣡿ɫ䣬Ľæչһâ䡣
콣е콣Ҳ˳ȥ
ɽϵʿҲæ֮ͨеķ
ȥĻɽķ󷨺пܾƣû󷨵ػҪԿһЦ
յͷǵûȤζĿˡ
ߣһ˫һģ쫷͡
쫷·һתĵֻҪУᱻеķ飡
ͽ㣬׹ⲻͣеľ׻ʽʱʱնһâ⽣âĺ֮£쫷ǰٶԽ˲١
䣡Ͷ֮ʱ֮в֪ʲôʱһơ
¡һ׵͵͡
˵츳֪ͨ˵ϸʿ̲ס˳
һ֮µʿɲвһЩԪӤڵĸ֡
ߣһЦ
ֻϵɻ꽣֮ͻȻһֻɫʨһĶһ׵ſ죬͵һƺ˵׵羹ȻһͷɫʨӸˣ
УһζûС²мƲƲ죬˵׵ͷľϵ׵ɲһΡ
׵綼ɣ˵˵ͨˡ
㡭Ҳ֪һֻɫʨôðġ
飡Ȼûи˼һצֱӰ
ֻһɴС¾Ȼɵ˸˽£ⳡôô죡
ˣ͵˵
Ȼµʵ˲٣˶Ը˵Ļô鱦ˣ
²ƲƲ죺㲻Լְ
ҡҡͷһпҪӴ
˵;ͽϵɻ꽣һףӸ¡
·߷ߵĿһۣϹһתۼͱΣϵɻ꽣һˡ
Ǽ¶лˣת֮ʱ¶ۼ˵һ䡣
ߣ⻹࣡ºһ
˵Ȼǣ·ܲڵر֮оһ
𣡡˴ŭһɻð˳
üͷһ壬˲㿪ĹΧ
ֵ̬¸ͲӲӲһ۵Ҫʧ٣Ϊһ»ôŰԼ
µĿ֮£ϵɻ꽣ԼĽǶȹ˵ǣյĹϾѾ˺ۣﻹһ˿ߵȡ
ɽϵʿΪԼ۾ˣ֪ðŮӴǱ
ɣѵ㻹Ҫ𣿡һִһ˿մ
ǹǣͻȻʧˣ
ռһŤһɴŮ˳
βһ
˰ϷľβҲŭЦĿ͡
ռͨСˡһ
Ȼ֪β򵥣û뵽ȻֻлʿյĿռܸͨ
̫߿ūˣūôͨβɽʿһͽͣһ仰ǾԼ·Ҫһ㡣
ͲüͷβѾ˵Ƿ켫ĵزǾתƽͣЩ֮һĵֿβôѾˡ
ģһ
ڳ֮УΨһӰҲˡ
βĴ̼֮£ζ˼֣֪ԼƽʱС꣡
Ȼ㲻˵ôҲ°ɣһھβǾԲ飬޾ǿֲĴڡ
ӴūҺ°βһЦһ͵ǰʧˡ
ߣӵĿռͨϵľ׻ʽնһâʱû˿ռ֮У
ӵĵǿ죡һ
һȻβ˹ȥ
һūӮˣβͻȻ͵󣬾β˲ӿռ֮д̴̳͵塣
䣡ھβʹ̴˲䣬͵廯Ϊһ
һ֣ˣòն
Ǿ׻ʽͻȻһס
ӿռ֮ͻȻɳһס͵ľ׻ʽ
ūҿû䰡βЦĿ͡
ҳɣһնβڵĿռ˲䱻ն˳
ڵʵȻ޷ƿռ䣬ƳβӵĿռܹͨģ
˻̲סһ
ʱھβվˣ࣬壬޶С
һģЩ˶ɫͣ˫Ŀ
ôֱʣСֻ꣬ʬᣡһ
վھβ޵ĺȻʬЩβɱ˻ȫʬ
ʬпܣһ
ٹ䣡ʹһбĿȫ͵ǰ˿ھβʬ
ͻһսҲȫûջ񣡡͵һЦ
ӻĵѧӿܵǱ˺ս
ͬһʱڲٿϰپ߿ܿɲʲô˶ģҲǻһ˰ˡ
ʶԶԪӤʿư߿ܻġ
˶ǹɽϵʿ֮ʬͿ̲֮ס˳
һϵŶܣҲǴ͵ĿſеĴս
ܺʬ֪ʹĻսһ
еĿܶǴӼ̳֮еһŪģһɫԪӤĿܡ
ǾβеʬͲ˺ܶ࣬Ϊ͵ֻнᵤڣΪߵҲԪӤڡ
͵ĸ֮˲ɾֻʣ˼ʵǿʬڿ֧ţȻҲ֧Ų˶ˡ
βЦĿأСĽѰ
ɣһ˿ܾβӰ졣
ϧˣСҪˣ˵βĿһۡ
ϧˣŪˡת֮β˿ռ֮У͵һնֻһƬ
ռͨһ
ֻֿռͨҪɱһѶȡ


449 ϴ
βܣ˿ɾûôõˣµĹ֧֮穡
ͣ͵ĳ˵ͷʮ׻ʽ۳Ľһ̴ͷ­
𣡡һһֻצѾͷ­֮Уһöɫ˳
ʧȥǳʧȥϢټ͵˵ϡ
ö΢΢һЦֱӽ˵ʬ
¼Խϵɻ꽣֮С
ת֮䣬ǿ˾͵ϡ
ţǿʾȻôˣɽϵʿŵ˵
ݵĳĬ֮󣬱ǻڣ˵ˣսʿȡõʤˡ
֮еʲ٣ֵȼȴܹնɱʶ˵һʹĴ
ʿԳᣬٷռĵ̶峹׸ϳݵķΧ
ͷ겻򵥰͸̾һ
β˿ռͨĻôϱһƿռ䣬ܹݵ䵽ռ֮С
ͨʿ޷֣͵ʶȻʿһλĲ㱻βɻȥ
βĺ̨ж˵֡
Ҫ֪֮еĵλǱѰβĵҲʿɣ
ΪɵĿ˾β뿪ķСβĻԼôĶ֪͵УβԶԶҪĸ£
ʲôˣɽ֮УսϢš
֮пǿʣܹ˵ʤҲֻУʥ񣬵ˡ
⣬ҲǺ˰
ǴӴϢп˾ȻǱԷһּķնɱֶΣʸһ˵Ķ֡
̵ģҪͰɾݸˣԳʺ
˹ϵ˾Ȼʿϣޱȵߣ
ԳʲҪʿܹɱˣȥҲǱ˳ƤһЦ
ߣĸУ˵ʲôʱֵõˣԳһ
߻ʣԳʣҰ˵Ǳڰɽ֮СǸҳȥĻҾͳֻɱǣ֮ͻȻһߡ
ʷ׷״һ
ʣˣԳ¶һ˿⡣
ߣô飬ҾǲҲˡһ
սһǶʼδܹ֮ɱʵԪӤʿ࣬Щʿһ˼ͻƻᵽݺԣʺӵ
Եʵʵʸô֮иûʲô˸ʲô
ʵ˼ǣѵͲˣԳ̲סʵ
ܣβܣʣɱǺȥеɱʢ
ǣѾ涨ǲ뿪ɽǲȥʲôܹɱԷҪ֪˶ϰ߻ʡ
Ƴ˾߻һۣһþ߻ĵһֱð
ֻ˵׼ǳȥû˵ʳȥһ
˵ϴ߻һ
ϴʣҾͲţϴʶССʿЦһ
֮һ£ۣʥʼͳߡ
һʣ֮е۷ڣͬʱܹȼʸͲڡ
ϴʣѵԸΪһ˶ۣԳʻɵĿŵʡ
ǵ֪֮Уϴһ¸ߵ壬ûʲôʻϴʽá
ҲţϴʻΪһ˳֣
˵Ȼ䣬ǱĻ㹻ˣһ
Ϊ֮һõϢȻҪЩʶĶ࣬һű֪ˡ
һϣ֮ûһܹȵϵʡ
ϴѾʵ˵
һű˵˵ֻһĲϣ
Ƕ˵޼֮
һ弶Ҳ룬Ҫ֮ܽеķѪǿ
һѪںϣôǸ߹ޱȵѪʵҲɱӡ
֮û˸СѪѪҪԾͬʿҪһ㡣
һѪ޳ΪһѪǿѪ
֮жҲȲѡ
˱һֻ׵񣬵ǾΪϡķѪѣڶ̶ǧ֮ڣΪ˿Ժ͵ʵȱȼǿʣܴǧĻôҲɽ֮еʾҪĴˣ
Ѫɼһ㣡
ϴѾ֣Ǿѡ룬Ҳûлˡ
ϴʳ֣ѾǸʿ̣
ǵһٳһ弶Ļɻǿһڰɽ֮еĻȨ
ڲȻŽᣬҲɱ֮ķʽȽްˡ
ϴʣ֮ҲһĴڣĴ֣ʹǶҲһСв
ͷ꣬һսҲĪĹϵʵָ档
ҪڷͰͷɧ˺ˣԳһ
ףΪʲôڻβһ嶼նɱ֮ǰֵľβδɳ֮ǰͱϽɱ
ھȻξβܣǲܣһڰβ
βһͷƷޣȴѾ׵ļƷƽƽ
Ҳ¶һ˿ĵǣ¾ǿޣȷ˺ܲģβʵһٶš
βһֲǾȫûƿԣֻҪﵽˣͿԽס
ܹЩмǿ߶ս˼ҲҪΣյĺ꣬˵һ
ϴʳֵǰ£ЩǿҲûʲô˵ظңԼȥˡ
ڵս»ֲǳ֣˼Ϊ˱𻹲ץʵڡ
ͿԶһöΪ֮ǰ̡
ƺ֮սµ˵
ƺеС壬Ҳ֮һЩزĸҲ˵΢΢̾˿
⼸ûκ弶޳֣ԲκεĶ֡Ц
Ϳ˿ԼΪһľĸһ鱦ĿǰΪֹΪǿķ弶֮ǰ뽫һ


450 ϴʵʵ
Ȼɱ˵ȥ죬ɽȻһҹ֮ʧĸɸɾ
Ԯϵ֮ʱĲһƬ֮񱩵Ļϵþöδɢ
ɽȻǿĻϵ˲ˣ
ϵʿǰƬһľ⻪ɽɲһɽɽϿǲ˴󷨣˵һʿıݣǽһҹĹɽ֮һ档
䣡Զ֮⣬ӰڷӴܡ
ǵһӰĸ
ߣһᣬеľ׻ʽ͵ն֮ˡ
Ӵܵһˡ
ڻɽʧʱͣһ
ܵǿ񱩵Ļ˶Ǵһ
͵ϣپ߿͵ĳ˳Ҳȫǿֲıը֮л
ǻɽϵʿûôõˣʹѾܵǿֲĻδüӦɽʧĸɸɾ
㱣أ˵ͷ
Ȼʣǿ˿ˣһе֪ǰһ˾Բֿܹġ
һϵɻ꽣һâն
ֻһֽһâ飬񱩵ĻϵڿоȻ۳һֱ͡
ߣһǰͻȻһɫƣ
䣡ɻ͵سײһ
⣡ͽǿסΡ
һ˲˾ҵıը;˽ȥ
䣡һ񱩵Ļ赲档
˭ͻӻ֮˳񱩵Ļ澹Ȼ޷˵ֺϵıֿ
ϴʣӵ˵һ䣬ϵĻ۳Ͻɱ͡
ϴʣǵһ㣡Цһۡ
֮һɫĻͬһ쫷ϯȥϴʵɡ
Ʋֱϴʡ
е㱾£ܻɱ˵ˣֻϴһһ쫷羹Ȼǰ߽⣡
ϴڻϵϵ裬Ѿﵽ˵Ƿ켫ĵزǱȹħҪǿĴڡ
ֻѾ̤˻УҪСһ㣡³ѵ
͵˵ͷϴ˵ǻ޵ˡ
ܹĶֱƳ֤ĹԣǽϴʸˣЩ弶Ҳס˰ɡ
󣡡ʹһʮ׻ʽ˲ɳ
ɲǼ䣬׹
ϴʿͷһۣһ񱩵ĻϴʾȻҪֱƿ
ʹһ漴תĽâϴʡ
ϴҲʾһӣ˲һööӭ˽â
䣡
䣡
˫ã
ϴʸɴ۳һŻƣĺ͵Ľ󽻲һ
֮췭ظɽ嶼˶Ժʱɢɣ
ϴǰֻѾ弶żĳǿʣӵ˻ʵԪӤʿ˵ĶԾָݲһ˿һʧ
飡ͻȻצֱץϴʡ
ߣϴҲһȭ
䣡޴ˡ
ͿԼѾ˵֣üͷ۵ıȻˣʵĻδҲֲ̫ˡ
ۣһŻͻȻð
һŻΣ͸Ͳ֪βˡ
;ȵǣ澹Ȼܹ֮¶ʼã
𡣡һϻڣɫѹסһɫ档
֮棬֮еĻ棡ϴʵ˵
ѹֻǿ󣡡͵˵ͷҲֻ֮ܺһƽ֡
ÿһǳɱӣ
ܺãҪˣЦһ
һɫϵ֮澹ȻĿƣ͵У
ϴʵɫʱߵȻֻһ֮棬Ҳ㹻˾ˡ
ϴʵõ֮Ѿǧˣǧ֮Ѿ֮泹շģͲֱߵ顣
ɫ⣡һϳɫâ
Ϲʥ֮ͨеʶ˶ϳ
ɫ⣬ˢУ֮Ȼ棬ǻ֮ڣҪܵɫĽơ
Ҫɫ⣬ʹԶɫȡȫᱻɫɡ
ɫֻϹʥӵУԴӿʧ֮û˵˭ܹʹɫġ
ɫѾɵĻˣǿٵĻһˢ֮¾ܽϴˢһɣƲƲ˵
ϧˣǵëȸڵѪҲôȻɫǿϼ֣Ϊϲҡҡͷ
·˷ۣܵõɫѾ컯ˣҪ֪ʹ֮Ҳӵͨ˵ǵˡ
ϧʧˣҡҡͷ
ϴһӵɫʼδ顣
ƾһɫ⻹ȴ
𣡡ϴ﷢˵ͳ
徹Ȼʼת֮ͱһˣ͵İ̬һģһ
ԭǴһ˿޻Ѫ²мƲƲ졣
ϴʻ治һʡ͵ĵƣѪһ˰˰̬
ܣ㲻㡭ϴв¶һ˿֮ɫ
޼ˣϴбһ⣬ͷ·ڿһϡ䱦һ㡣
ҲҲϴͻȻЦ
Цһˣ
ǿڵ֮Ѫˣû˵
ԭΪ˴ֻŪһöҽ弶Ҳֻɵĳɹʣȴӵ֮ѪֻҪ㣬ҾܳΪѪǽ弶ʮɰգϴʷЦ
ҲҪûôõڣҲ˵Ųһȭȥ
飡ѪͻĽڡ
һȭ֮˾Ȼƽɫ
ܺãǿѪҪˣϴֱȥķغ͵塣
͸ɴҲ˷ϴҪӲӲֱǲ֪ѪΪǿıǻָ
飡ϴһȭ͵ؿڣؿڵ˲ըѡ
Ѫһ˿һѸٵٶȸԭ
ϴʾûôõˣѾǱʹ˺ۣ
ʹ죡ϴһХһ޴βֱɨ͡
壬ϴ¶˱ս


451 
ףצϴʳͷĶ֮⣬ͺͳһģһ
ϴʽԼڵѪᴿ˼µı֣ܹһѪᴿΪͳĻʵȻٷһ
ûĻҪﵽһֻڽ弶ʱпܡ
͵ĳϴʿһݾ
ʹϴʵʵҪ弶ƿҲһѵ飬ɹʲɡ
ǵõϵıʹѪĻôһж˳¡
ֻҪԼڵѪһô弶ǰ϶顣
Ϊڵ֮ѪϴʾٱҪǰʿնɱ
ϴѾڵѪᴿһ൱ߵĵزпܾҪˡϧҡҡͷ
ЦһΣϴעҪ
һХ͵Ҳʼޱ䣬Ѫ֮ٶɵϵŤ
Ѫɢ֮ʱһͷٶɵѪϴʵǰ
һףצΨһĲͬ͵ͷǣǴѪ
ϴǿֻҪûдƿôעܻ
ѪϴʿͺԼһ޶жҪˡ
Զ޷ﵽһˣЦһ
κε˲ͳײһ
ʱͺϴʶͨȡ֮Ϊԭʼ˺ҧײ
Ѿչֳ˵ѵսʽ
ͣ
ͣ
ͺϴʵĸԷצ͸˺֪ſѪںݺݵҧ˶ԷĲ֮ϣ
𣡡
𣡡
ʹ֮쳹أѪͻĶԾͬһʱ䣬βݺݵĳһ
飬飡
ɲǼ䣬βѾٴΣβ֮ϵƬըɣѪ졣
ȴںһ־ˣҧסԷȴʼûɿ
꣡
Ͳϴʵҧ֮ڿʼ飡
ǽģϴʲƬҲѣĴϴʵѪ֮С
𣡡ϴһŭ֮˲串סȫ
ϴʲһ͵˲ͱ֮ȼ
ƺһϴϵ֮ǿת֮䣬Ͼͱһ㿴Ļ渲ǡ
ֻѪһһ͸ĻͱѪ
֮֮£һѪȻԼٶţڶʱ֮ڱ֤Ͳ֮Ӱ졣
£һһֳɫɫӰеɫնϴʡ
ͣһɫһ֮棬ֱӴϴʵۡ
͵Ľ֮£ϴʸ޷ֻĿԼ۱Ϲ
ͣһɫĵϴʵڱ
𣡡ʹİϴʳʹ֮ɿĴ졣
һĿ֮ʮ׻ʽ˲۳һŴԼצһ
ͣһն£ϴʵצ˲˼ңѪֱ͵ϡ
ѪһѪͱա
ת֮䣬ݵϴʾѾش
ͽֻצ˳һѪ˿֮ϣ˿Լٶȸԭš
һ䣬ѾָΣ˸һС;ļӡ֮⣬϶ûʲôˡ
Ƕ˵ЩС˸ûʲô󰭡
ϴȻûôõˣ۱צնԴǱһ׵Ūóһ
ϴʵʵȷǺǿûϵɻ꽣ĻҪƾնɱϴʻһѶȡ
ϴǧ򲻸þǲӦ͵鷳
ԣһͽˣ
ͽ򿪣Ը˳
𣡡õ͵֮󣬳һֱϴʵϡ
ϴѾѪ˼£ľѪûʲôôǶڳ۷ڻѪ˵
ϴʵѪҺĲƷ
СӣҲȥɣһöˡЦ
֨С͵һ⣬ֳϾ״һϴʵͷ­ϣ
꣡Ͼ״ִ͸ϴʵͷ­һöȡ˳
𣡡ԿСе¶һ˿ĽɫȴûйȥֻƴļȡϴڵѪҺ
СҲϻһ˿Ѫֱ˽ȥ
ԣԣǽһ㽫żֵǵȥ
ͶԴ˿ûʲôӦһԺСӽгϣܽϴʳļ޵ƿ
𣡡
𣡡
ͻȻϻһ嶼ʼ͡
ԱǻԵϴͬࡣ
ϴʵѪҺ̺֮ǿ
Խʳһ㣬ȻѾһϣȻнļļ
𣡡ʳϴСӵ͵İθߣ˫ֲĻԼظϹʢ
ͬʱСӺͳԾȻͬʱˣ
ͬʱСӺͳԵͷϡ
֮ľ뿿̫ƾȻںһ
֮жΪϾжܹľ֮ͬʱɽ٣
𣡡СӼ֮еĽƣǵûп־壬˷ܵĺš
ʱСϵϹԽԽ࣬Сӵ徹ȻʼþӨ͸嶼ϾһĴڡ
ǱϾԳĿʱСӲϹ޵̬
Ľ츳ͨĵ̾˿
𣡡ҲʾʳϴʵѪҺ֮ڵѪҲõ˽һᴿҲûκεη塣
ĬĬ˳ٵķΧٰڣôС츳Ҳ޷˷ݵ
󣬳ʮ׻ʽɢܡ
ٵĶ֮ѱһЩĻʿ
СӺͳԶڶɽٵĹؼʱ̣Ȼʿҡ
¡һ׺Ȼ£
СӻȻ壬Ө͸ӭһף
ͣһ״СӵϣֱӱСˣ
Ϲޣ͸̾һ
ϵ׽Ӷ£СӺͳԸԵֵףʮԺСӶԵúɡ
׽ȥһС룬ڻɵġ
䣡ڶʮ֮ʱ
Сж¶һ˿֮ɫʱҲӲӣһȭһױ顣
ҲðһŻ棬ֵס
ܿüͷĸ֪֮£Ȼʮʿ߸ˣ
Ȼ֪ɽٻܶʿע⣬޻ڶɽ֮ʱѡһƧĵطΪػԺСһطɽٵģ˵Ǻˣ


452 һ
һЯŴʿױȵѹϯķ
ͼʿһסˣͽڵ𶯵ķڲѡ
ʹδ棬ȴѾ֪ǰ˾Բֿܹġ
һЩʿ뿪ˣǻЩʿĵҪ
Щʿ˲㱻һεĻճ˻ҽ
֮棬ϴʵ֮档
ϼںľ飬ں֮沢εѡ
ػ֮ͱ֮е
ôõദ֪ǽܰˣڻһĿƣ֮ںҪҪ
֮ȻܿǰҵĻЩܹģİ֮£ͽ˰Ĺͽ֮Լ𳹵ںϡ
֮ļ룬ʱӵб֮ʱҪǿ
֮ԣ͵ѾܹӰεĵز̶Ȳν֮ϡ
ʵ΢һģ֮
⼸ͼʿ֮涼ûü֣Ѿճ˻ҽ
˼ļһ֮涼ںϣƶ֮ϻż¶ЦݶΪˡ
ǸڻƵߣڻƵľٶһǲ⡣
Ȼڻ֮ϣǴʱǻ
ض϶ӵĻƣȻҲǲҵ
ȻԼʵģûƳƵĲ֮֮ǰǲʲôͻ
ضϣ˵ĴʼߣڻҲмּɵ
˵ضҪɱƣϵʵһ֮мûκε֣οǶ֡
֪ǰҲǺ޻֮
ǻȴƾŲ֮һһεĸ
ضƺҲɱƵĴ㣬֮УҲ֮ΨһضϵĽƵĳԱ
ƺʿȤüͷ
㲻˼𣿡Ʒʵ
ãʼ
һ뵽һͼ¼Сϣ̲סֽͻɱ
һͼ¼ħȣռѷ죬ڽħ⿪һͷħķӡɱһͷħŪĶ
һͷħʵǿʹҲ߽ǿɱһͷħ
һڹż֮еͼ¼ȴΪ˼ҵĶɣħһɢ޼񵽣͵С
˵;ǼһˣͻʲôøеĻôǼˡ
߰ɣҲһμʱСһѾ׻ˡƵ˵
׻񣿡мЦһ
׻ô򵥣ʿǧǧܹ׻ж٣һ۱ܿ͵ʲãܹΪʿѾǼˣҪ׻Ǹǲܵ顣
˼Ŀ˿ԼͷӸոտʼ;ԼǱʲôһ㣬ʶȴû̸鵽κεĶ
ǻ֪;ȻѾģĸӦĴڵĻһ࿴
һ£СӺͳԷ׷׻ָԭ״
ϻһһʮ꣬СƺܹΪΣվ͵ļϡ
Ŀ˿ԣܹļҲһ¡
״̬ƺ̫ϰߣüͷԱԭ̬һСߣ͵֮ϡ
͵ұѾ;ĸΪһ壬Ϣóе㲻ϰߣԳֻܼ͵֮ϡ
СһѾļѾӵһԱҲٽӽ֮УϾСһ绹ҪԷ˵ġ
Ϳ˿ڵϵİɵϴʣʹֵزϴʾȻûгл˼⡣
ۣһնĨȥϴһ˿
žɽ֮Уһļ̳֮Уһö漴ѡ
ϴѵһ˲䣬ɽΪ֮𶯡
޵еϴʾȻˣ
ĳ˵Ҫ޴
ʴĿ˭뵽֮кų޵еϴʾôˣ
𣡡ɽ֮һϯ˰ɽʵСһ֮¶ɪɪ
ڣڶ¶˾ɫѹԾǵһڡ
ŭˣչصڶŭˣ
˭˭ֻԽԽ˰ɽ
Ħ֮Уɽ۾˰ɽķ򣺡ͷȻˣ
ͬʱ֮и䲻ϹﶼͬʱĿͶ˰ɽķ
ڵڷʱ򣬰ɽ֮мֲϢ˲¶ѹס񱩵ϢһⷢĻɽ֮оųɵ޶Ҫѹ֮¡
ڰɽһŵʵϵĺ֮ɫԽԽŨ
ҶӣȻһԪӤʿ֣֮һ
һ߷·һըڵԺ֮ը
ͨҲ޷ֲѹǰ
ǰһλǵһλ֮һһ˵ʵĸס
˵սȻŭޱȡ
ҶѾļ۷壬۾ܹʤָĶŵʣɭ۹⼸Ҫʸ͸
ʵʵĺ⣬亹ֱ
Ǹ˵òһ
ʴ󾪣˼ȻҪԳֻɱˣ
ҵæ͵ò֮Уݸڡ
ɱҶôƱҪѪծѪһ
ǿҵһ֮ϣƱ֮֮أһֻһöɫû˵ʵͷ­֮С
ڣɫһ䡣
Ǿ£ǾϲֱԼȻõڵʹͣ
һӨ۳ģܹʵҶ֮ԲӰҵһڰɽ֮еĵλһ
ȻǿĵˣôٷһλһԲʾ
Ҳû뵽ԼȻõڵķ֣мĸ˼ͷ
ӨһöһλڶеĶÿһҪĹ򣬼ʹҲûж١
˵ҲǺεڼ䣬֮ʱȻһϹż֮зһͷʬ塣
Ǽ亱ĶⶾѪ֮徹Ȼ䣬徹Ȼ
һ˻ͻ弶Ϊ֮һ
һ֮УһʹΪ弶ڵѪҲᴿ
Ҳϴʶڵ֮Ѫԭ
ʹǵһڣڵѪҲ㲻ǰٷ֮ٵĴ


453 ݶ
һڶѾǹԼ߳˰ɽƱҪǸɱӵʿնɱ
ڶݵʿƣѾQ˼ˣαػЩظģοֻǻɱһԪӤʿݵĻʿҲΪһԪӤʿԼս
ǸһȻ߳˰ɽǵļƻӰ˰ɽϿա
ɣƻѾزʥɹѾţʱ׼ݡһߵ˵
ȻˣôǱץʱ׼ɡһŮҡҡͷӰ˲ʧ˰ɽϿա
֮УͯüͷͯݵȻܹ֪ھݷĴս
ɽһҹ֮ʧĸɸɾڻɽϵǧʿһҹ֮ͯɳԪӤʿ档
ҪǣɽһƣһƽԾ֮޷֡
һ̰壬͸һ̰壬־ݡ
ǧݺķƽ⣬пܾһ˲ڱơ
һڳȻλݣҲҪˮ
ͬҲݴССļ֮С
ǧ¥֮УҶҲǿϵһϢҲֻǳˣʿԸȫ壬Ҳֻǳˡ
ذݷ¥ʿҶһȥǧ¥鲼ݵҲʼ˶
֮Уǧ¥ķ¥ȻһϦ֮ʧĸɸɾǧ¥ҲԼɢھݵ
ķսʿҲõɵս
ݵʿǵõݵĴɻҵ˵ӽפݡ
úܶʿΪ֮һ𣬾ƺǰδеһ㡣
ݵĵҲõݵĴʦüͷݵսֱͲ˳
ЩݵʿһϦ֮䶼ߵþ⣬֮ҪֿĽ۵
ɣʦ̾˿
һֱʿֵԽԽңݷ˲֪һʿչֲֳ
֮мֲĴ˾Լǿɨݱ߾֮ǿ˿ڵĻĽһ֮¡
ͬʱɹʥɽҲɳԼĶʿ˲ʧء
֮Ҳڴ˴֣ɹָʹ֮£֮֮мȻɹɱ˾ݡ
һʱ䣬ܵУ֮⣬Ȼȫݡ
һЩڰݵʿܵ˲ҵɱǱнΪū
ټľݣڶ̶֮価ɥ
Ҳ±ѩ濹ٻأ
ȻǴһƵߣǿ͵Ŀ˲١
һκġ˵
˵ͷ㣡
͵赲ϴʣʹܹȻڣѩ濹֮жûж
ʵΪ㹻ʵȻܹõ㹻ء
ݶλϵѩ濹ӦΣ鵭˵
ᣬЩᣬȻǸѩ濹
ʥɽɹκһǶη壬ĸʵĻԾ֮Ҳûбʤļʡҡҡͷ
вȥУһѩ濹ҲԺòȥһŮһƺ̬ǲ
ѩ濹ϣ£Ը𱬡鴫͡
͵˵ͷŮԸ𱬣ʵȴôԪӤɶ硣
Сˣһֺͨս֮£鶣
Ŷǰһ
ܹԪӤڵΪս£һͨС
ʥ֮ǰѾϢҪټݸɳˣֿͬķ֮أѩ濹˵
ϢȻҲֻ֪ڴ֮ǰͶ
ߣʥʱ޷ǾҪΪ֮һ
͵ǶԸ𱬵С࿴ˣһ۱ܿе
ʮ֮УʥԶŴǳΪˣôʥ֮еĻȨȻǱĳΪ˾֮
Ƕڵ˵һõİ취
һοɲͬǴˣһĴҪռݡ
ս֮дһ
һȻŮӡ
˵ͷȻˣôֻս
ȻҪսôƱҪǸˣ
ֻһһʥ֮нʥ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ѩ濹ʮ֮Ѿˣͯҵȼ壬ǧ¥Ϊ׵̻ᣬѾ˾һϵʥЦ
ʥһڣʬħڣѩ濹ƻʳĦ£ŽڣʥڣۣڣΪǿʮ𣿡֮һӽǴɵϢ֮ϡ
֮УȻĴڣ
Ϊ֮Ϊĵطͨ嶼һܹ룬˵ˡ
¹Ȼˬ죬ǹݣȻٲǵһݡһ嵭˵
Ҫֻͼ¼ӵ˵
㣡ֻ֮һɫƬӵС
ĵ˵ͷˬ죬ףܹ¾ˣ
ߣ֮дһߡ
ֻǵһЦĿ֮ʧ˿С
֮еЩʿ֮е˵
طüͷһ塣
ΧǲؽƣҪʩչռͨǲܵ顣
ΪĵߴǿʩչռͨĻǵš
֮еӦǹʿһüͷ
ʿѾʧˣû뵽֮оȻ棬Ϊߡ
ֻ֮ĿռһŤö֮˳
ӵеһͼ¼Ѿ֣֮Ŀ飬ʥһ飬ɽһ飬һһ飬һһ֪ʿС浭˵
ڴ˵Ļᷢ˾Ȼʶ죡
ʱ쾹ȻѾǻʿٶֱ֮Ƿ˼
ʹռ˺ôʹɾİҲҪ֮ܽ׻
ˣȻѾɹ
Ǿʮɵʵ˰ɣɽ֮Уʥʿе
ʿ˵ͷͼ¼
ʵ˵ͷһöɫƬʿС
ˣǵĽױˣʿ˵
еǣޣһ
˴Ĵֽݣб˵Ĵߣ
ͼ¼ſͼ¼֮Ѿ֮֡


454 ޽
ѩ濹λݼ֮أռʮԭԽݺ֮ѩ濹׵С
֮ҲҪѩ濹壡
ŽЭѩ濹֮иҲɳʿԮѩ濹
ķ֮Уƽ죬ݲǧ֮ңƽٶȣʮɵִʮԭ
Ĵ֮£ʿʼ޽壡
ʿϱȲ壬ҲԼƣͨ󷨣ʮʱ俴Ȼ̣Ƕʿ˵ȴһЩķֶΡ
Ҳڲ˽پ߿ܶȡ˳ЩԪӤĿһҲһɾ޴
ЩܰĹ֮ռģҲԼƵģֻҪʯûܵƻЩֻԼ޸Ͷս
ټӵĿʦݣ߿ܹӵҪһٸԪӤʿ
ԪӤĿ֮⣬ƾ֮еԴͻٶ߽ᵤĿܡ
ʯֶȻټҲǶôϡѩ濹֮оаᵤĻʯʱ䲻Ƴַܴ
ڼϵСӣҲСһ
СӶ֮ʱõǸǰжӣҲһӸСӡ
Ȼûʲôͨȴ뼸ּ䰺ϣޱȣҷʮ㣬С֮»ûʲôʿܹӵöҲһ
ԼҲԹԼڰ˰״̬ҲֻǿˣķҲ̲ס̾һ
СӵɳΪһɱ弶ޱСôһҿҲҪϼͷ
ڱ͹֮еĵëȸǼͷ޴ʱƺҲ֪Ҳ֮а仧ˡ
⼸ͷ޶츳ϾȻӵѪһɳҲһϧȴûʲôʱˣ⼸ͷ޵ʵҲʵǰﲻʲôæ
ëȸոճβëͱͰȥԼ֮УǿԼɫˡ
ԴˣëȸҲǸŭԣֻܽڵҩ֮ϡ
ڴҩİ£ѹ˶ҲָԪһ㣬ҲԪӤڴԲʿ֮£óĵɷնɱκλµޡ
ˣͿԶǵѹв¶һ˿֮ɫ
ʮ֮У˺ܶ׼ܲסһޣһδ֪֮
䣡Ȼ䣬֮гıУ򣬷УЩĺ֮£޾ͬһ㣬һһֵĵ¡
ǰһͷͷϣЩ޺ηĳʿ󷨣
ţһʿһɲǼʮɫķȺը
һ־ըǧޣ
սһЩʿϲ¶һ˿Цݡ
⣬Щֻڻңͳѵ
Щȥ޴඼һǶģǸټˡ
ԣЩ֮ʱ̽ʿʵڻҰˡ
ǼʹڻңҲܲס̫࣬ЩӲƳơ
ʿеķȺըһȺڻ޸޷ֵЩδ嵽ƾѾĲˡ
óˣһ
ͷ;޴޳˳Щ޾ȻǷǿĹޣƾǿķȻֱӳ˵ƣ
ұŽڵʿһ
ɲǼ䣬ص״һâ𣬶Щĸ˽ȥ
飡Ⱥǧͷڿնһޣ
оâһǧͷ޵ʵƾԳŲס
ֻͽµһеϵɻ꽣һնһɫĽâأ
ͷޱ⽣֮£
һޣ͵ͻȻһ̶ȵĹʿ
ֻ˫̽ʿһ֪Ϊλڴʱ֣ڻԶԶԪӤʿֵĵز
ʲôüͷһ壬Ͳ֪㣡
ۣ֮͵ͺһֻǰͷ˲ȼգת֮ͱճ˻ҽ
˭ûз֣βģ
֮棬ϴʵ֮棡ľ߻ʴ󾪡
ϴʵ֮澹ȻһʿУζʲô
һ룬߻ʾ;ԼѾȫ亹
߻ԼҲû뵽Ϊȷ澹Ȼ˺ϴʵʿ
ʵ˶Ҫһ㣬˵ϴˣ˿ֲʿܹƥС
ȻһɲǣǰһǧͷѾ֮¾һա
ӰٵĻ棬Ⱥսòˣ廹ҪսĻôһ˱նɱЩޡ
ת֮ͣԺͻʿ⣬ĻָٶȶҪͨʿϼ
Сӣͽˣ͵һЦ
Сӵ˵ͷ͵ļ򣬹ڲϵĴ֮ͳһߵ޵ǰ
Щ޲ǰˣʵǿֱӽЩնɱˣһ̶Ҳܼʿѹ
𣡡С˷ܵһСȺڡ
飡һȥһͷ޵ԴСӴ򱬣Խɣ
޵צСӵϾȻûһ˿һãǱСһȦ˳ȥ˼ͷޡ
Сӣˣֱɱˣͺȵ
𣡡Сӵ͵Ǹ˰ɣһٶɵ֮ҲӴһȥͷޡ
СĴ򷨣ٶҲɱġ
Сӣ鿴ȺлıϾԳ̲ס¶һ˿Цݡ
ֻӻСǧ֮зֵģʱֻһֻ̰Եĺӣû뵽Ѿ˵
סֻӣ߻ʴŭĶ鱻һֻ˵Ļô֮Ҳûˣ
𣡡ͷļ޳
飡
СҲֱһ˹ȥͰһͷļҵĲܶ༸ͷļҲ࣡
С޵ʱԺļڽļ֮Ǵļܹ֮ѹСӵ޼ûС
ټСӵ츳ͨļ֮м޵еĴڡ
ɶ񣬱ʾ㣡߻ʴŭɳ͵ײСӣĶϺżαɫĶҺ
߻һҧСӻӶ֣
ߺߣҵĶҺɣ߻ʵ뵽
漴ľʹ߻ʴ󾪣
ݾȻˣԴ͸κηĶȻˣ
ʱСӵѾϾ״߻ʵݾȻǱСӵֱϵġ
žС͵һץ߻ʵĲӾͱСס
Ϲһ߻ʵĵ
һʣȻСС
߻ж˲ŵɫ


455 ȫ濪ս
Сһģ߻ʵ˳ֱӶ
飡ѪɣһͷļޱСһ
һȺ޾ȻһֻСӴɾ
𣬲һʮ׻ʽڿв
ʱ䣬㽫ЩûǧͷҲһ֮лҷ
֮䣬޻ҷ
ʿһĻ̲סǿʿǸǴһǿļ
ŵµʿ裬ԪӤʿȾǿһҲôѴ
ԭ⣡鲻¶һ˿Ц⡣
ھݽݣʹʿЩǣ˽˴ݵʿ
Щʿոս֮г˿ʿ˥ڶ֮Ҳ׽Ͷʿ
͵ǿƱ֣Щʿеһɨգʿǰʢ
ʿȴǽ͵ĵ֮ϣһܣôһʿҲ˲ɢܡ
˵һ˫нҪþͿǷܹõˡ
޵ĸеʿʼæµ޲󷨣壬ƵҩͷЩȥΪֳɵĲϡ
ھ߻ʵʬǱʵʬļֵȻܺЩͨȡ
ѩ濹ʦ֮ͱ㽫µõ
ӵзԣ˵˫ƶɣ˵ʺ͵ķзˡ
ĸʩչ׻ݵٶԭɣԪӤ֮Уٶܹʤ͵Ŀ¶ûмˡ
᳹㻨Ͱµʱ䡣
µʱ֮Уĵڶ಻ʮԭ֮϶ѪȾˡ
Ҳ޺ʿֻ֣ԪӤʿļ޻δʽͶս֮С
ʹУҲֻСģĽӴ˫Ͳսһߡ
֮У͵ǳ˸հѵëȸֻ޷˳ֻѾ˶ɽٵʱ̡
һ뿪٣⼸ֻ޵ʵȹҲʲô£οһӦ
һɽʮþȣͷȫ˰ѷ֮⣬ͷ޶͸Ͻ֮С
䣬׻ͷʵ̫һȥ׾ͱԷϳ룬Ȼое㲻͵ļʶ֪ʲôĽɫ
ʵ֮Ҳࡣ
ͳһ˷ǰǰһһڽȥ
˵Ҳмĺôʳܹʵڶʱ
Сܹ֮ǿ󣬳츳֮ͨ⣬оʳ˴ϴʵʳˡ
ȥʵ޾׵ǵ㴦ǿޣҪǿ˻Ͷ
˵ͷΪһӰ˳ȥ
֪Էٶȣܹ֮֮ƥе֮٣һҲǺǵġ
һսɲǴ򼸸¼ܽģǴþһĻҲ֡
սҪЩ߽ʿͽʿҲͬҪҲ뾡ܵļͼ
Ϳ˿սϵʬ壬ε̾˿ֻʬ֮ͻȻðһɺ漴ȺС
δЩ޷ӦʬԱˣһͷ޵ԱԶ˺˵ҲжʮͷԱ֮С
㻹жٶҵģʬ᣿鿴ʵ
һʱʬڴԻһ㡣ЦЦ
ҪʲôǿʬҲҪʲôϣһ֮󣬱ͶսȻȺ֮Աһ˵ҲһСĴ
ʬĲ϶ʬ壬ЩʬǲܶҲҶһôˣôʿķŭǿͶҴĽɡ
һĴʮͷᵤڵĿĿ֮½սʮͷᵤڵĿһΣͬһ׶Ĵ޴ĸء
Щ֪ܲʹҲηӳҪһͨĽᵤʿҪǿ
岢ŽڵȴʱͿɱ˵
һȫʱ˵ͷ
£ǸʱԶˡָһ㣬ǼͷʬԱˡ
΢΢̾˿ûһõʱ
ʱ𣿻һӢ۵ʱ΢΢һЦ
𣡡
𣡡
Ȼ䣬ɽ֮д˾
ͬʱ֮мǿϢɽ֮еļϢңңš
ʿ
弶ޣ
ͺɫ䡣
Ȼһȫ濪սźһ㣬ˣģɺͬһʱݡ
ɱʮԭ֮ڿն
սʼˣ΢΢̾˿ϵһģ˾ͳʿǰ
ãʹͨ޻Ҳ⣬׳ɹĻһǧ궼ˡ
ǿߵ֮ϣҪƵĶ࣬Щʶܻǧꡣ
֮УʹǴʿҲͻǧ꣬ͻƻҪǧ꼸ûпܵ顣
޽ѣڶǿ޷ѹ̫࣬ټͨ󷨣֮ѹסɽ֮е塣
ʣɽǺôɣ
Цһһʿѹ͵ѹʣ
ɱˣԳʴ󾪡
죬ϢԳʺ
ģôûˣ͵ӰͻȻ˻Գʵһȥ
꣡Գʵͷ­˲ըѣָԭεʬ屻ӽ֮С
Ҳϰɣɵ˴ЦһҪԸЩҲֻпЩʿˡ
һʹǼѩ濹ŽҲóһٶʿٸʵ̫ϡ١
Сӣ˭ɱĶ࣡ҪӮˣȸʹһ
һֱͼϵС͵һ⣡
ǣⶫ֮Ѿ꣬ڳľӨҺѾһСˣ͵ĹϵСӸͲҴ
ǽ죬;ȻôСҲҪƴˣ
̰Եļһʹ֪СƢԵҲ̲סһ䡣
˵ǵԲѪ·˷ۡ
ǶѵĻҶˣ͹һЦ
УǺö࣬ҪʵĻ԰ǸСˡºһ
𣡡֮һϹһϹʧСеϾ״ֱ̬Ӵһͷϻڣ
׻ʣ൱ԪӤڵʣȻӲСӵһ


456 
ƴڶսһҪԶԶѩ濹Žڡ
ÿһʿҪʣȻз󷨸ҲǵֵΪѡ
Ƭ̣һ֮оʿ䡣
һҲùͺСһһ޵ϣоɱ
ͻСӣӵԶͨʵʵսʮλϡ
ϴһǿߣƾЩҪ赲ͻе㲻ġ
͵ǿƣȻǵע⡣
һϣһͷԻʴһ
ʮͷ͵ĳͣЩ׼ϧһдۣҲҪˡ
һսǿĴʿԶսֲ޴Ӱ죬Ĵڱ뾡ĨɱԳ󻼡
Сģɴ󾪡
ͨʿֵͷʾѾǿ಻ԣʮͷΧҶʣ¡
֮ʣһצϺһһ㺮סһצǺܿһ㺮ͳܲסצϾ޴
ۣؿھһѪ嶼˳ȥײ˱֮ϡ
ʿѪҺޱȰųЦһ
⣡ųֻԼһѪҺ˲˱飬˫֮ûһ˿ɣ
һ㶡
˵ͷ³Ͽȥ˰ɣɱֵ
ͿһۣȻ߻ħΣգѩ濹طȷǿ˲ͽһͷʸˡ
޴࣬ŭһ
ৣͻȻһӰ͵ǰһӣһ֮ͽǣ
֮棡ֻüг֣㱻֮ճ˻ҽ֮֮ɲ˵
ЩʸΪԾǣվǰľȻϴʣһλų޵еϴʣ
ʬྐྵȻϴƳʬʾĿ͡
˲նɱϴʣϴƳʬ˵Ѿѵһ͸ˡ
ҿϴʺЩ֮ͨĲжôĴɡ͵һЦ
ϴ˲ͻָ״̬ɵ֮֮ҲǾ޴
ϴʺͻͲٵʱ䣬⻯ĺôǲʲô¶Ϊ
֮֮ʱ˳һϴʵʬҲƳʬڼ仹˲ٵĲϣʹϴʵʵΪǿ
Ȼܺǰǰ㣬Ҳа˳ҵˣԸЩҲǴ´ˡ
ϴʵĽеʶηηβģϴʱŪʬҲϴʵʬʲô˺ۡ
ǷŭĶ֪ǸұʬĻµһʱͻŤǵĲӡ
ʮͷʣȻ׷ŴڳʿĻǶš
ͣս֮Ͼһ㣬һֱǱɱһбܸ޵ͷ­
ɱһɱ۵ѩ濹ӣͷΧ֮ѡԱͷһ˵
Žڣѩ濹ӵͬŽڵĵһЩСͽȻһγһͽ
󷨵ļӳ֣ЩڵĵӣӳʵֱƽᵤʿնĽâһʱ֮Ҳ˼в
Ҫά͵ĽЩŽڵĵƱؾϸѵ⽣ҲһĴ󣬽άһңѾеӳԲˣʼõҩָˡ
һʮ׻ʽ׳ɲǼ׹漴£
ͷһ֮±Ϊ˷ɻҡ
ɱ͵ͺһһϵɻ꽣ʣնֲĽâ
ۣ֮üĴ۾˲֮ϯȥ
ɱҶɲǼضΪ֮һɱ˫̲סͣ
֮һŲ̤
弶ޣʧɫ
ڣʿһľһ˷ܣڵĳǸʿһ
Ƴʬϴʻڲ¾֮ʱеɱʢ
Ҷֱɵܹڲģһһһɾ޴ѹϴʣǱһУϴʾǻҷ³
ͽһϵɻ꽣һӣһɾ޴Ȼʧ֮䡣
ƺˣҲһʬˣһ
ŭһɱɫĶð˳
ӣǶڵıĶոջΧ˸ɾ
ܵ΢һģմĶ֮ọ̈̄ת֮㻯Ϊһ̲ˮ
˿ֲĶҲüͷһ壬綾ɲǺǵġ
֮еĶüͷֶΪѲ
һӿʿʱ˲ء
ʶ޷ľ綾ʿմҲֻ·һ
ط׹һһʧ˶ǰ
ܣŭռһʩչռͨ׷ȥ
ˣ˿
ɴܷ꣬ڻʿǰʹǴʿҲԵ˵С
ʦµİɡ鿴ͻȻߵŮ̲סʵ
˵һζϼһﶼˣһ綾ΪʦҲǼɵѡŮεҡҡͷ
Ȼжսʿʵ϶Ѳļһʤδ֪֮
࣡ǰĿռŤһֻɫצץ
ʶĿֲﻹצϵɻ꽣һ漴ħһâն
նĵâȻץһͷˡ
Ӳۼף弶ޡһ
ǵյĺħûйǼ׵ķ֮£Ҳħĵâ
ⶾȵյĺħҪǿ
㶯þĸҪӮⶾѶȺܴĶ鷳˵
͵˵ͷߵʱʼ;û׼˽弶ҲݲκεĲ˽
תʹһڵʼתƸһ
ڣһ㶣漴׹ǰʿȻǶĳܹڶʱط˿Ժͻʿȼĵز
طĴҲ൱ĴάֵʱԲжãҽطʵǿ¥ûһ
ԸԪӤʿĻͼӰЧԸĻʿǾȡˣ
ΧĶȻγһ֧֧ɲǼ뷢
ɷ󣡡˫ָһʮ׻ʽ˲䲼óɵɷХӭ˶Ķ


457 ս
ѣһ֮͵ͺһ
Եˣ΢΢һЦһ͵֮С
ɲǼ䣬ʵһαǣںһ߻֮ٴӣѾԺĻʿ
⻯һ
⻯֮ҲǾܣӵд˵ط֮⣬ҪѧϰһͨǸܵ顣
ıĶȻǶԾˣʹǵɷĽâܸʴ
âͶһӴ˲ڣڵɷĽâ಻
ĶԾˣâǰҲû
𣡡͵һһɲǾȻһ˿
ۣ弶ޣλᣬһֻɫצ͵Ĵ̴͵ĵ
˵౻̴ҲδػֻҪԪӤڣɶ
ǵﱻ٣ôԪӤȻҲˣҪı֮أҾн͵ԪӤܾĥٽԪӤɣȥͷ֮ޣ
ߣһ
Ȼצ͸һɲǣͻȻһֲõԤС
͵ǾȻ¶һ˿Цݣ
䣡͵˲䱬ѣһ֮˲ϯȫ
֮棡ͺһ
֮滹ǧõԼӵģھȻõԸԼ
͵ӰͻȻ˶ıеϵɻ꽣˶ĺģ
ĺͻȻһ۵סϵɻ꽣
ϵɻ꽣ôҲ鱦ֳִ֮۲ܽϵɻ꽣ȫס
ϵɻ꽣Ľû˶֮У
͵ͺһ
һɫĵӿ˶ڡ
ߣһڵԪһ𣬾Ȼϵɻ꽣ϵɫ׵羡˳
弶ޣͰ̾һ׹һ˺˰ɡ
˵һɲǣڵλѾĶڸǡ
εֵҵХģĿ͡
νХǽԴ˴ﵽĿġ
Хʹǻʿ֮Ҳ˲ʧ
ȴһУһö
Хϲ¶һ˿мЦݡ
ⶾһͷӵ壬֮ڱ˵ԣǶӵдѪ˵Ǻá
Ҳһ㣬Լո۳һΪ壬ⶾϹ
ǹһⶾڵ̫ǿ󣬾Ȼϵɻ꽣ĵ
Ҳûж٣Ͼ弶׽Ļô弶Ҳֵ̫Ǯˡ
ߣǱСȫʢʱڣͷ滹ڱСǰҫһ
ºôҲһ鱦֮ʱڵ޸һ飬ȴһͷ弶޶ˣ
ΪСҿĻôҲ̫쿪һһ֮澹Ȼѹɫ֮£תۼʧĸɸɾ
飡˫ȭԺ䣬ֻצ͵ײһ
ɫĶ޵ѪڿвϵĽ֯Ť
Ѫһ˿
еʶʹЦһѪһȫһѪɫ۸ǣ
޼ˣû뵽Ӧþֵһ֮лһ
޼ˣûһ˿ĺøС
ޣȻޱȣ˵ףЩ޶һˡ
Щȴ֪ʲô취ЩԭΪǿ壬һΪޣһֱ޵
˵޼ȡΪǿ޵
ĳ˵ЩҲڼʣԵõǶҪ۲
ԭֻҪɱ㣬ϼȻѪô͹ˣһ
Ѫĸ޼˶
ǸӵһӡӣҲϴҲˣȴҵϣ֪ΣƵĿ˶һۡ
ŭ;ȻҵΪɻ顣
ָһ㣬ʮ׻ʽͻȻһ˿ɫĽâһ˿ɫ;׻ʽǹȣʵ̫Сڶûзʲô쳣
նʮ׻ʽͻȻ۳һԭСɫâһԵޱȵҫۡ
䣡ɫĽâ͵ն˶
һէ֣סһâ
Ϊǿıǵ壬ԼܹסκεĽâ
꣡һѵɫޱȵѿ
ǡ󾪣ϵڣͼסһ
ˣһһұΪһľĸ͵Ľס
⡭⡭󾪣ĸס֮ԼȻڲϵļ
ɫȻмȡ
𣡡֮£ڵĸӾңͼĸ
ܿ춾ͷ֣Լ޷Լı嶼޷¶֮ƺĳס
ĸ֮пǷӡ˾Ǳȶ֪ٱѪֻҪ㹻ĸסοǶ
ŭһţһɫĶ͡
ż̵֮Ķ˵ϵĶȫһ
һѾΪ˷һĴڡ
ųҲѾƴˣ
һ
ͻ£ʼնΪǰĶһͷϾԲⴿ
֮ɢĴϢȴòţ
ܿĶͲֵܵģ¾һ
ʹѣҲ֪ⶾæջ˾ĸܿ
ĸһ뿪壬ֱѹƵĸо˲ʧˡ
Ҳһǿֵľĸ֮ʱ¶ļɵ֮ɫ
ӦһŶҽˣüͷ˵
͵˵ͷӦһã֮еĻˣ
ŭྐྵȻҵԼ˵ҪȥԼֱûа弶޷
ɲǼһ߿Ѫľ޴͵ǰٶɣ弶
𣡡һڶɫĶ˲ǵصӿ
Ҳ⣬еľĸһ˦һͷȶҪ޴ͻȻ˿УǱɫĶſھһ档
֮£ɫĶ˲ڣ
飡һͷ͵ײ˶ͷϵǺ谭Ĵ˶֮У


458 Ӷᣡ
𣡡ʹİǰⶾ۸𲻵κεô
飡ⶾҲһͷȻӲŶ׼Դһצ
ǿ弶Ʒ޵һצҲȫӣͷһ˲ըѡ
͵ͺһֵľĸڹһںڵ˲Ĳס
һЩսһӣ
Ľƣδüֿͱĸһβס
ĸ֮пǷžһǶֵܹġ
ͽתںҲֻܿԵС
˵ȴ㹻ˣѾܹĦµٴѽѷ֣
סĵһҲǴ´࣡͵һЦ
ֻںڵ֮ϣһ˿˿ɫԽԽŨ
ɫҲԽԽʹ࣬ߵĸоɲܣ
ǹطõֲҶûмӦһּΪϧĲϣ˵
͵˵ͷڼ̳֮ʱ֮ȻɵĽжϣ뿪֮ʱǽ
ĸʱóһܱĿϵĶȻǷ
Ķܱ꣬ⶾȻ޷ѣ
Ȱ˵͵˵
ֻĸ֮Уɫ˲佫ⶾŶڵ
ֶΣȻĵʱʩչħҲһͨӡĸ֮С
ҾŹģŭһȻҪء
ʡʡɣħĵﶼסҪԱ붼Ҫ룡һŶԴһġ
ͻȻſһűɫ͵С
õⶾҲڹˣ͵һЦⶾӽ֮С
û˶ô˼ɵĶҲʧȥãʵ½˲ֹһ㣡
𣡺𣡡ŭţҲΨһܹˡ
ħסеڵһ¶
ͽⶾ֮ӽ֮У㲻ĸϻս
ĸȻǶҲе£Ƭʱ䣬ڵѾĵ߰˰ˡ
֮£ȽϺãҪķʲôЦ
̲ס˷ۣҪ㣬ϵɻ꽣Ҳò˼Σ
ԴҲҲѣµϣʹϵɻ꽣Ҳò˼Ρ
һʯָĵ֮ͱϻѩ濹
ʮԭ֮ϣǺɱ޺սһ
ˣɿƽ֮ʱһ
ɲǶԷȻܹ弶»ʵ̫ˣ
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һְæĻôɹʱضӣ
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ǰ·ϣɺ̸һЩйϢ
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̲Ǵ֣Դ
󣬵Ҳ֧ǧǧʿģս£ѩ濹Žڴʯ͵ҩѾ˴롣
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ȥʿΨһҲҪȻ޴ˣ
ѩ濹Ž̶ɳһ飬ǰռĵԴ
һ˵֣һİΧ֮У㳤˳Ҳɲ
ƺҪԴӣɵǵ˵
üͷ֣
Ϊѩ濹ôգ
ѩ濹֮ͿϤӰ
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ѩ濹ҲˣʿɣʿҲԳ鵭˵
һ˿ȣû뵽龹ȻԳ
ѩ濹ˣһ붥ɣ͵ӰͻȻ˴֮С
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ͳôҲζһͷ弶Ѿ
ʹ֪ӵ黹Ǿεĸо
࿴һۣŽڴҲһ棬ҲŽĵơ
ֵʱŽڵλҲ̹ȻϣԼǶĶ֡
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Žڵ˫ҲǺôͷ˺ʥͷ˵
һΣǱأԱڶھԽ౻ֵĿܾԽ
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һνȡԴʵ̫޴󣬾ǰδܹװ£Žںѩ濹óһռ鱦ΪԺ˵
鱦ټռ鱦֮٣ռ෨ƣʹǴ󲿷ԪӤʿô
Ҳֻѩ濹Žִĳóռ鱦ϡĶ
һöһ
ѩ濹ĿռȻ͵ϣⶫΪ鱦ǿûв飬ֻǱͨһ˿԰ˣռĿռ䵹ͦģǧȴļʮҪˡ
ŽڵҲǺʹĻɫ﷨ӦǿܹһѶװˣװ£ÿŪʮҲװٵĶ
Ҫȡһʣͱ봩ռݵؽ磬оݺݣ˵һСս
ʹţҲҽԼ޾ްΧ
ǵĲһµʱ䣬һµʱҪعؿһʹôǵٶȾһƣҪǱǲܵ顣


459 
ͣżӰһͷ޵˫ʧȥɡ
޼֮ʱһӰ޵ʬ˲ʧûзһ˿졣
ʹǰ޶ûзκε쳣
漴⼸Ӱһγ֣֪һγΪ˱ɱĿ꣡
ѵķ뷨Ľɱ֮䣡ſеļӰ̾˿
ʹʿΪ֪뷨ڵλã޷֡
ĵѵģνҲӰΣɵ˵
ಣӰͻȻ˼˸ǰ
Ȼͺ
ʱѾϢ·ҹһ㣡
Σʵ
ܲã·ѲߵԽԽֻ࣬ҪǸշУôƱػЩ޵ע⡣ҡҡͷ
ǱҲһ޵ܶ࣬Ҫȥѡҡҡͷ
ֻһµʱ䣬תʮ죬û뿪ݡ
޵ԽԽ࣬޴Ӱɽ֮ԴԴϵĸ֪ɽ֮жٵޡ
Щʵǿֶͷһޣôһ˵ǳʧˡ
޵̫࣬ϵ¶ޣüͷ
ŵ㣬ʿǶ÷޷յģЩɷУе޿Զݵء
ҲԹڵص״Уû߳Զͷֵص֮дŴһޣģ֪ж١
Щѵϵǻ͵ɹȥ̲סʵ
ӦòᣬӦ֮Ϊ˷ֹʿ͵ϮֶΣҡҡͷ
Ҫô죿·µţٶǾһ֮δܵﾣݣ˵
Ҳֻðˣһ˿Ρ
а취ϲĿ͡
͵˵ͷ
ʲô취ϲ
Ϊҵķ²Ȼ;ס˺ʱѾ˰˰֮
㡭ƣƣŭϲ
΢΢һЦϣλܰұˣ
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ڽͻе㽻飬ͶǸо֮͵ҲǷġ
Ψǰĺͺ޹ϵ֮ԳסҲǴо֮⡣
ȻҲ͵˼
Ҫȷסǵ˵
˵˵ͷҲֻ취ѸͻķߣȻȵǸϵ֮ʱƻ˶ˣ
ܿͱ˴ҡڵĵؽ֮ߣȻܷУٶȴ͵͵ǱҪĶˣ
𣡡ͻȻͷ֮һ͵ˣ
ϹǵĹۣʹŭеѹ˲ѹ˹ȥ
ͷ֮¶˾֮ɫŰ˰͹ԹԵſ˵ϡ
λʴˣһ߳Ⱥ֮󣬹ʵ
λưĿߡ
£֮һ֮ͷ죬Х죡߹˵
һ֮һ壿
Хɫһ֮ǲһ۵Ⱥڰɽ֮ҲǴܴѹ
ںս֮Ҳǵڻʹõıһ壬Ⱥ֮гХ֮⣬Ȼûһͷ޽ļ
ң˵һλˣ
ХܵͷųϢ֮󣬼æ˹ʵϢɱҪǿ̫ˡ
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ҪðĻûʲôܹеУûеҲУ
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ңңֻҪûʲôܹʵģХ켸ſڵˡ
ͱֵԽǿƣХԽǻϲǿʣֻҪһô֮һоˡ
һۼͷſڵϵļ֮ǣ͵˵ͷһ𷵻ذɽɣ
࣡Хһ㶡
ով͹ˣȻûвʵıվż࣬ڵϻ
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ʵʵɲ⣡Х뵽
⼸˿Ǳʺòõ֮еʦǳʲô⣬ʾͰǼ֮һ¾һգͺһ
Х켱æͷʾԻᱣ⼸ʦİȫ
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һֱʾˣХҲûжٵϾЩܹΪ֮󶼻ѡ̬
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ǼצӣһץʵˣǼ֮ǣڼ֮ǱϵɶҪץһĩ
ڿնȫۼ֮£һȭӥ
꣡޼᲻ݵצ˲ͱͺ顣
ȭƲȻֱӥؿڣȻҪһͷӥˣ
飡ӥؿ˲һѪ
ӥһ޴ڵϣ
ײʣ˵һȭͺ˾ӥͷ­֮ϡ
Х쾪ĿѾĲľӥӥӥһģһֱԼһ˿ѪԺλҲԶڼ֮һ֮ϡ
ԼҪǿӥȻȭ
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ʣХһ飬Ťͷܵĳ嶯
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460 а㻹䣡
ҲԳʣһŲӥʵͷϡ
꣡һӥʵͷ­˲ըѣ
ת˲ɱһ壬һξȻӥһӥʡ
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֮ҲǿӥʶҲˮ׼ǲμӴսĻҲɲС鷳
࣬ȴҲ޾ÿʧһʶ˵һ޴ʧ
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ͷ޵ȡ˳ӸХ죺ö͸ˡ
Х켤Ĺ͵ǰļǼ֮һ˵붼ıﰡ
֮вֹɱ˵ǹֻɱģΪֻǿġ
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ڶ㿴ҿ㣬ǰһĻе㲻ţ
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űĹҲֻǿЦһͱֵʵ̫ǿƣʶѹȥ
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461 
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ȴû̴Ӧǳ˼һ᣺ҵķ²ô죿
Դţ
Ѻ˵ʲôʵ
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ԼĲõӡ֤ҲޱȵļǱȴһȻӡ
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462 
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һıĻڵıСĶֻ֣ʣ»ǵĻЦһ
ˮҲֻǺٺЦһҪǻ޼һ³ޱȡ
𣡡ֻ޼һ͵в
ͬʱҲ֣ԼĻǾĶ֮󣬾Ȼʵ˲٣
⡭޼֮еĳʱһ㶣֮ʱ۾͹ˡ
һô޼󾪡
𣿡ͻȻЦһŻ޼·ڿһʬһ㡣
ͻûʲô취ǽ飬ɲû޼ˣ弶ޣҲעҪԶ
㡭ֲûҵԪӤԭˣ޼ݵ֮ϾͷӦ
ЦһķĹ


464 ľ
ƾ㣿޼·ЦЦһ㣬мĿ͡
ͲʣԪӤ֮йӲдˣԪӤʿԪӤжԼɣ
ƾңЦһ
Сһȣе˲Ͼɫһ
ֻʣĻ޼Ӳӣæһܿһ
а֣޼һ
һͷ弶Ҳڱǰ԰ڣζˣˮЦһʱΪһӰײ˻޼ϡ
飡һײ޼ײɢһͷϻһʱŤ
УʵҲڱǰˮ߲мЦһһβͳ˻޼ϣ޼ʱְ˲١
ǻ޼ıĻˮȻǻ޼Ķ֡
ڻ޼ֻʣ꣬ǻꣿ
޼Ҳرıֻʣٷ֮һŪ
֮ΨһܹԸĿҲֻʣԪӤˡ
Ҫڶ໤֮йͣȻǲܵ顣
û޼ǣֻܽܳʹһû޼ȥ޼ûа취
᣿Ҫƺأ¶һ˿Ц
ɲǼ䣬ʮ׻ʽХ֪ʲôʱѾ˻޼ʮ׻ʽ˻޼
㲻ú޼ײŽ󣬵΢ܹѣ
ʱľ׻ʽͬһһ㣬޼룬һ׽˿ͬס˻޼
Цһһ죬˻޼Ķͷ
ɣʹһ
;ȻҪỢ޼
£Ͳܣ
ǻ޼ڽʣ꣬һ͵ڣϾ׻ʽѹƣʹ͵Ѿѹ˻޼
𣡡
𣡡
޼Ť壬ȴһʱ˲٣άֻ̬Ϊǿ
𣡡͵ɣ޼ԽԽޣʱ⻢޼ʧ֮С
˻޼֮͵ԪӤҲʵ˲٣Ҫõ˻޼ǧļ䣡
޼һڣһΪһеİ׻Ѫܹעڶ̶̵ǧ֮ڽļǧ֮ʣ弶֮һ
ڻ޼ϵޣ࣬
˽⻢޼ƽͬʱͶʵҲһŵ˽⡣
һͷ弶ʥҲͬͷһ࣬ӵͷļޡ
۵бննһͷһˣֻͷ
֮Ҳ弶޳֣ԶԶܺһ࿹⡣
ܵ˵ɽ֮弶޵Ͳ¶ʮ
Ǻȣʮͷ弶޻̫࣬Ͼ֮еĻʿҲĿҪһЩ
Ǵʱݿɲǽ忪սзˣ壬ɺЩ֮бȻҲпȻڵĴڣһݵѹʱ˼֡
ֿѩ濹Žڣ֮лʿҲᳬһ֮Ҫֿ˶弶ޣȻǲ
һ͵ջҲǺˣ˻޼꣬ʵһǵõ˻޼壬⻢޼ǡһͷԵޡ
϶һŻϵѾš
֮һοԼ壡
ûʲô˰ɡ뿴ʵ
ǰ˻ǻ޼˿֪޼Ѿɡ
޴󰭣նĽĻҪ鷳һ㡣ͳ﷢
˻޼֮Ѿ˻޼󲿷ֵļ䣬ģ»޼˵û˿Ѷȡ
Ҳûʲôģ͵ԪӤͱ޼ˣﻹ뵽޼ᱻɣ
һ˴ˣʥһмӵģЦ
͵˵ͷʹӻ޼ļ֪֮ʥĴڣ˵֮ΪĲڣʥ
ڻ޼ļ֮УʥҲǼΪģʹԻ޼ĵλܹʥĻҲǺܶ࣬ÿһζޱϵĵͷ
ʥĸûʥյٹҲڣ
Ҳ˴㣬ʥҪĻǲ⽫ʥˣ˵Ҳһ޴Ĵ
ˣʵ
Ѿ͵ʥˣмأмͷ弶ڣһʧЦ
͵˵ͷʥΧ˵ΪܵĵطˣǻʿҲֻ³
ʥΧ֮еĵλͬ壬ʥڷһҪĺġ
ЩǱҲΪͻƣʥΧʥأ˼֮⣬ʹʶûʸ
ʱƣĳҪôͻƣҪôڵĶһЩԪˡ
ܹõһĻڶԸʱȻɲ٣뵽
նѾʶˣ弶޶޷ֵһ޼ɵѵжҲܺ档
֪ϵȻʱͶȤŨˡ
ŰɽһøƵʥһʹܹܵʥɢѹ
ԶԶʿ޵ѹʹĦ֮еһ޹Ҳû˺ƴƣ
ϧˣϧҡҡͷ
ôˣһ㶡
֮еʥӦһ絮֮ʱѾˣ˵һ֮ΪԶľˣҲԳΪ֮¿һʥ̾˿
֮üͷһ塣
ľ֮ͨʥӦþǽľˡΪĽĿһʥ
ǰһýľ޷ȣȴǼΪϧĴڡ
һýľ֮ǰħħƵˣ
벻廹ֶһ
ʥ̺ѾԺͺ徳Ĵˣȴƣ⽨ľȴֹֻܶ
ʥǿһ֮пҲûʲôܹ˵ˡµ˵
ȻĽľˣΪĴܲýľֲȥͻȻʵ
·˷ۣΪʿ½ô򵥵飿
ѵʲôƲɣһ㶡
ȻʵԽǿʿҪ½ҪԽǿϹŴսʱڣһΪߵҲֻǺ徳ڣǲǲǿģǴ̫Ҫƶ⽨ľǶɽڵʿҲδҪöɽڵʿ½ĻҪķѵֱԹ㣡½͵


465 ľ֮
ͿһֱĽľɵ̾˿
ʿ½ʱ򣬿ûٴýľ⣬ȴһɹҲӵ⽨ľĸԭˡ
޼ƽҲصԼס
ľȻҲе뷨ܶûа취Ҳֻܸɿš
ڣһЩ͵޼æǹ֮ɫɼ⻢޼һ֮еǼߵġ
Щ˿֪Ϊ𾴵ڣѾ͸͸ˣվǰһࡣ
Ϊ֮һһӵԼأסĴһ
ȻһЩһĸӹЩӹ˵ܹһأǿϵҫ
һǻޣܹ޼㼤ڰ׻ѪĻ
ֻ壬Ż֪һֱѹƵжôǿ󣬽һʵͲһ٣⼸ֵŽںѩ濹ʿܺˡ
μڣֻ͵ǰ
ӻ޼ļ֮Ҳ֪˵Ĵڣһţɷͻǣڽļ֮ʱ˳ڵİ׻ѪΪһ֮Ŀš
޼ָ壬Ҳûɷͻڶ̶̵֮ͻƵļ۷壬Ϊʣ
ܲ͵˵
⻢ɷͻ˵ʵǿնɱ˻Ҫǿϼ֣ʹǲϴʣֵĻҲ̫ࡣ
һöɢζĵҩ˻ɷͻǵϡ
ҸոյõƷҩǷ֮ҲǴкô˵
лڣɷͻǼæ˵
Ʒҩ֮пǼĵҩ
ȻܹһЩʦǻҲʲôʦܹƳĵҩƷҲޡ
֮ƷҩѾǺټˣ˵Ʒҩˡ
һƷ½׵ҩͷʸм㣬ҲǿЦѡ
ҲѹЩһݾʹӶˣʶˣͲ˵Щͨˡ
ͷЩʲôҲûȤָ֪һ㣬һ˿ӡ⻢ɷͻǵԺ֮С
Щǻ޼µģһ֮࣬ҲȤ־͸ʣһٶҲͷʸжĶҪˡ
޼ʥ٣Ȼ䣬Ժ֮ͻȻһ
弶ޣһ弶Ʒޣ
弶Ʒޣǿ൱֮лڵĴڣûмڵʿû뵽ȼ弶Ʒޡ
ĴڣѾܹԼշˡ
֮оȻֲֿĴڣɫ䣬Ҳ¶һ˿ȵɫ
ڣƾԼգļҲˡ
СɵļʣڻڵһɺͻڵɣѾǺܸˡ
ִڣΪλ磿Ͳʵ
Ҳɣ΢΢̾˿
ΪԽҲԽֵزģԼѾޱȵĿˡ
ԪǾԲðմշġ
ɵļʶ˵̫ͣ
ֻؾ֮еͨЩϹԥĽ롣
뵽ͨҲ˵֮гȥؾ֮еһ֮⣬аֲھ֮С
ǵ͵Ϊ²ûָ⼸ռͨȵͽ׻֮ʱ²ſϸ͡
ʥΪصĵطͽҿصɴ
ھ֮пûʲôܹ帹أʹǻʿҲ޻أ
͵˵ͷһʥȥ
һ·ϼֲϢҲڳʥǰɽ֮弶޵ɲ١
ЩϢҲûҪͽӴ˼ȫǳʥǰ
õʥټʹǶ弶˵ޱȵҫЩ弶һӶûеõʥټ
Ⱥ徳ܵĽľҲޱȵڴ
ˣͻȻ䣬ǰһɫϽе弶޶档
ʥ𣿡һ˿â
ʥ֮ڶһǿĽ֣ʥԼóġ
֪˶ʥ̺Ⱥ徳Ĵܣϵǹ㲩ɽʥƿ֮С
ʥֻû޼룬Ⱥ򣡡һγ֡
Ψ͵ǰһɫĽѿһСڣͰС
弶޿͵Ŀ֮Ҳǳ˼ʣʥټߵ
ˣһɫĽ֮У;;Լ·ĺһ㣬ʹ֮еҲûš
⼸Ҫʵʵӿ͵֮У
ݼʥ޴ʥǰǫİڵϡ
޼һΪһ󻼣ʥıֺ⣡޴ʥ棬һСӰ͡
𣿡зˡ
СӰ͸޷Ĵڣ
޼Ϊǫ˵
Ϊ˱Ĺʥڴꡣͻƣ
ʹϲϸ¶ϲɫлʥ
Ǻã¸̾һ
ܹڽľ֮ܶ޷ܵĴ
ĽľħħͨƵ֮󣬽ľͲڣżʿһ齨ľĲƬɱһ
ˣһ𣬷·оʲôһ㡣
Ҫ£Ҷûж⣬࣡
ɫ䣡
ɻ޼û֪صȴһơ
õģҲὫ˵ȥġ
ǡͰסܵĳ嶯
֪ʹҲ޼£Ͳ弶Ʒ޵Ķ֡
ϲʥȴϲ˽ҽľ˵
ľɫĿǿøƵĽľζ벻⽨ľȻȡַʽԼ
ҲΪʥὫ
֪ǰʲô£Сĵʵ
ǰľЦһ
ҲһľͷˣԼж޷գÿҲֻ⿴ճ䣬˥ľΪε˵
ҲӽľĻ˽ľıڽľ˵ȥʥٹ⣬ϣĻֻͨһ㣬ܹĴߣһһֻһط
ʹԴҴ֮ʱҾһûƶľ̾
͵˵ͷκӵǵ˵һطʮ궼һʹ顣
ͻǲףͽľԼʲôϵ
ѲɽľҪԼ뿪ط


466 
뷨׳⣡
ʲôЦ徳Ĵܶ޷쵽飬ܹ쵽
ľƺĵ뷨㲻˽ţ
ҲǿЦһҲŰ
֮£˭Ľ֮бݻģ
ûеͷѾǺ򶨵ˡ
ƺһķ
ɫһ䣬µѾڰԻˡ
Ҳ˵ܵģһԷģľ˵
ʱľ֮һű̵͵С
ڽľµһСӰһ𣬲ŵĿһ飬г˲˼飬żʣĽ
ʥ⡭
ִ֪磡ľ˵
СӰҪ˵Щʲôѹûж˵ʲô
ǽľһ̲֮ס˳
һ컯ҵһ⣡ľһ͵Ժ֮
ޱȰһ컯̺֮һżƷʯҪ磬һ˿֮⵹е͵õһɾ
컯̺֮ױ
ȴûнһĿŽľ
ڣǼ鼴Ϳɲ⽨ľ˺ģ
Ҫʲô͵˵
ľԲûɵĸô
⻯֮ľ˵
ȻѾѹƣͻľڼ֮гֵһ˿Ĳ
ɫһ֪⽨ľ򵥣Լ⽨ľǰȻܿԣһָоͺܲ
⻯ͳһᡣ
һһż亱⻯ͨ۾ݿҲǶһݣҪͽ⻯֮һ컯黹
ǲĻһԸ컯顣ľԥ˳롣
ҡҡͷ⻯۾Ҳһһͨ㡭
Ȼû˵ǽľѾ͵˼
Ҫ⻯ͨû⣬ǰ㸶ĴҲ㹻࣡
ڽľ˵̫Ҫ뿪طˣ۽ľȡκη޷뿪ɽһ
ǽľĸϵԽԽѾɽǣһڲϵţʱսľĸϵȻḲһ磬ʱľ֮
Ȼϵ֮ǽľƿطΧĸоȫȲϽ̤ʵ߳ȥǰڡ
ľҲΪֻҪԼʵ㹻ɻΡ
ʱƣЩԭҪС嶼γɹȴʼֻܱһһС
ڽľ˵⻯Ψһϣˣ
ΪܹɵжľԸκεĴۣ
ȻὫһķŸȥʹףҲܽ׵Ĺȥ
컯飬׻񣡡ľ˵
׻񣬶ÿʿ˵һջ׳նľͱضͬ⡣
ȴҡҡͷԼҲܹ׻񣡡
ӵɾ˵컯ԵÿпޣҲǶһʱˡ
ʮ˴ǽľҲһʹˡ
Ȼҡҡͷ
ˣ˿ɲ̰ᣡܾľҲһ˿͡
컯Ҳںٶ࣬Ҳͬ⽫⻯֮㡣˵
Ҫʲôľʵ
һӣ۾һ
ҪҵӣľԵޱȵľȣ
Ҫӣ͵˵ͷ
ˣ֪ڴʲô⣬ǻǷ뷨ɣʹҸӣҲֻģľ֮һֻ֮һôڣľҡҡͷ
𣿡ʵ
ҡҡͷҲ֮еȷûýľ
ͬľ˵һ㣬ľ֮һֻܴ֮һã
ܹ뵽飬֮еʿȻҲ뵽Ǿǰεĳԣóһۣһ֮вܴŽľ
ҽľٶ˷ָĵز
罨ľħʩչͨƵ֮һЩõһЩľĲƬʩչͨýľĲƬָϣԴֳһýľ
ǵЩԪľǶûмľѿû˷˴ĵر
֮֮Ҳûʲôʿȥֳֺõ飬ǽľĲƬռһ鱦
ľʮ
һ齨ľƬƳһ鱦ɼľ֮ǿ
ʮ컯飬һӡͿԼļ۸
θ֮ľһ
ʮ컯Ѿǽľļˣ͵θڸһҪʮ컯顣
˴½ľ컯ûô࣡
̫ˣľ̾˿
ҿ԰⻯˵
ľһ㶣þöûлӦƺڿеĵʧ
ʮ컯̫ˣҶʱڸ޷ô࣡ľΪѵ˵
֮ڸҾͿˣЦ
˱ɣľһ
ʹľ⻯֮ҪɹƳһ߻ҲǼѵ飬ͰæĻôʱ佫̡
Ͼÿһ⻯ǲ֮أҲǼΪѡ
Ժٶİٱľ̾˿ȻǱͺݺһʣǽľȴû˿ķŭһ˿ϲ
ڽľ˵ܹɻΪҪġ
棬ľôںϾľֻ֮֮Եɺ֮±ȷ֣ҽռݡ
֮Уľ㹻ıӻɽΧƽľģ˵ľǵѾ̫̫ˡ
ˣľһֻⲻĽľһɫĶ䣬͵֮С
һöȭͷСĺɫӣ
һҿǿˣ۳һӾľЦһ
Ҳ⣬ƺˣǶⲻ֪˶õĽľ˵һҲֻһ۵ʱˣ
һӣͱڽľ£ʼ˺õץʱĻǾ̫˷ˣ
ҲֻеõľͲľ¡
֮ҲֻС߰ˣ弶ҲһĽĿͣ
СɫŹֵĿһۣͽľĹϵȻ֪⻢޼εºܣλܵľ
ͽԺ֮еĹһķǼּһ֮ȫȥԭޱȵͨɾһͨĻ֮
ˣͨһй¶Ҳʿķᡣ
ľҲֻһ߻ˣкܶණòģ


467 
ʹһɾ˴Լ֮Ĺľ֮ʱܸоľǼ
컯ŪʮţľҲ֤ʣʮŻڽ͡
ԴˣȻûʲô飬Щ컯鲢ǸԼģǸԵˮŵġ
ѾӵɾֻҪɾ֮е֮׻񼸺ǰ϶顣
컯Ȼɾ֮ͬ̺֮ɾȴȣʮ컯飬ӦÿˮԵ׻ˡ
֮еļ޶ܵĴҲֻۺķݡ
ڽľЧ֮Ҫ
ڲϷڵԼ֮ƺ̽һ磬Ҳǻ񾳽ż
Ҳǿ̽ˣҪ봥Ǹżкܳһ·Ҫߡ
ľΧϡ֮ϵıգ
ʽʹڻʿжޱݳ޵顣
ʹǻʿҪһ֮мȡһ˿֮ҲǼΪѵ飬ǵصʱ̣ʿǾԲᶯٵÿ֮ġ
ˣĦһսͳԾͷȻɥҲԲǰɡ
ʹǽľҲֻΧʮ֮ڲܼȡһ˿֮
۾ݣҲֻнľ£ܹΧۼһ˿֮
ܹ֮ΧҲָһ弶޾Ҫɺܶࡣ
Щ弶֮Уд붼
Ǵʱûô̵ֻи£Ҳһꡣ
ܹ㣬ƵڽľҲֻСߡ
е޶ûмС뿪ľʮɵķΧ
СߣҲ࿴ۡ
һܴͷȻһͷ弶ƷޣȻʿ۷ڡ
ǾʵޣݾȻûһϢ
ܺΪʲôûͣңСͷʵ
ͷһͷƺͽľһӵп
ܺ£ͷʵ
ͿЦһǰѵͽľһ㣬Ҳܿҵ飿
飿ͷмЦһ
ڵı˾Ǻ£һÿģͷм˵
һ㶣Լûз֣һͷ弶Ʒ޸˶ô޴ѹ
ܲ⻯֮ȷʵϡͷϲ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ܳǿ⻯Ķͨﰵ˵
ͶͷݸǸȤˣ
ͷƳһۣˣЩ黹ǲҪ֪Ϊã֪Խ࣬Լûʲôô
ֻ֨һֻͻȻյ͵ǰͰ͵Ŀ͡
Сһͷʱ
֨֨ΪСƲƲ죬һµ͵壬Ȼ͵Ļ
㡭ͷĺӶˣ
Сӣ͵뵽ѰСһֻ󼸺һģһ
ʹӴͳһӸС
Щ軹֮ʱƵģտʼСǻںǵ˺ҲԽԽˣЩҲ
Сᣬǰһһڱ㽫ȥ
ʲôͷʱˣ׺ݵ񼸺Ҫˡ
裬ѣͿЦһ
Сһɫͷһ
֨֨һСȻѾϲζֻצ͵ؿӰӵġ
εҡҡͷС̰ԵĵҲǺѰǸһһ
һһƿ֮С
Сϲ̵Ľƿ˻УȻ͵壬һһĳŽľŲȥ
Сצڽľһģһһ˸ߵĶͳ͵ǰֻװĵرʹǼ˺öҲǴһ
ĶѨСɴצһᣬ۵Ķȫ˳һƿ˽ȥ
˻ͿСӳļʱ򣬶ʱһ
һͷСĻʯһڽľһ
ʯͲö˵ˣϹſܱرĶ
ͷСĻʯƻڵĿܶ´ˡ
ڽľϹſܵļƷϣ֪ľ;ˡ
Ҳ֪ʲôȻҲʲôͨɫ
֮κһļֵһƿҪǧ򱶣⼸ͺʯˡ
ͷС˰ܼҲĺӶֱˣһƿҲ
ͷ˵⻰ʱȻ㣬֮еλߵʲôĵرûԹǾͶû
Ͼĸȱ۵ʿὫЩ壬ⲻڽ˰
ŵرЩȻ󣬵ǳԶҲ;òˡ
ǼСһõ֤ǰǧ˲εǧܲˡ
ǱԽԽʱʱĻᶪһûеҩȥḻֵĻ⼸Сһ¶Ҫˡ
Ǹ衭ͷŤĿ͡
һͷ۹⿴ţҲܲˣֱӽĴ˹ȥ
ͷһӽ۾гһˡ
ζԣ˵Ͱ
ԤԺͷ赱Ƕˡ
⼸㿴ôˣ۾ֱˣҪùȥɡͷм˵
Ҳ飬⼸Ƴһ߻񼶱ĿҲǴаյģԴôĻʯҪͿȻǲˡ
ƿͻôöͲĿСĶѨ֮У滹֪ʲôöء
СȻڽľ϶ӣһ㵹;ޱȡ
ľ֮֮ӲǶþĸδܽľŪϣɲħۣӵֻصĴܹͨľˡ
Сʵһ޶ûдﵽѰһΡ
뻹ǽľԼԼһСиطŶ
ɽ֮ҩɲ٣м֮жҲͷȻܹŪٺöЩ䵽С
䣡Ȼ䣬͵ըһ㣬ڵǷһ㣡
ʲôˣʹ󾪣
ֻڵ֮ͬˮһ㣬ӿ˵֮У
飡ʹ󾪣֪һڸʲô
Ҳ˲ñģæڵϣļȡΧ
͵ͷһУľΧڷӿ͵ڡ
ʲô
ǻ޲
ڽľΧ޶ʱŭˣһӶᣬеӶȥˡ
СûûεĿͷУ·ڿʲôĶһ㡣


468 鱦
˴ʹǻʿδܹܣȴղ
Щڵûתͱ˹ȥ
ǿоҲ޿κΣֻܸƴļȡΧ
Сӹݰͷһۡ
ľΧͶȡˣ޸ûа취
ڽľΪĵĵʮҲҴȥֻԶ߷ߵĿ͡
˿ûֵĴ㣬ͷԽԽȡķΧѾ˽ľĵ̣ɽ

ô£
ΪʲôͻȻܲκĴˣ
ɽʶʱŭ
ǵǿ۵ķ֮ʱʱɫҰԼĶ
ľʥ弶޶ҶʥκεĲĸУ
ʱɽϿգһ޴ԴԴϵۼ
һ˲ĸоȷǲܣȴִ˲ƣ
ͻȻȡôȻǷʲô仯
ÿһα仯ŪٺôȡԽ֤࣬ı仯Խ
𣡡̲סһһѪ˿С
ͷжʱǴ˼֣
䣡͵ͻȻ͵һ£漴ڵʼָ
ͼֹͣգʱһͷҲһʧĸɸɾ
Сӣոոʲôˣͷüͷ
СĴ˻żҪһͻƣʧˣͰյ˵
ͷһ㶣ϧˣ
һ衰ԡ
ڵϣĴ顣
ʱѾˣԭֵĵطѾ֮һķΧ˲٣ҲһȦ
ԭȵĻҪҪǣڵٴлһ˿֮
¶һ˿Ҳ;
ľͿֻʮҵĴ֮ʱ̲ס˳
޷ֲĽľȻĴת֮Ѿʮˡ
ʽľҪӵʱҲûʲôգֻҪһˡ
û뵽龹Ȼܹ⽨ľŪ
ľֲɹˣҲ̲ס˽ľһۡ
綼ûܹ쵽飬ȴǰʿ쵽ˣ
쿴ʲôһں֮ȻԼһ
üͷһ壬Ϳǽʲô
ڽľļ룬ÿʱÿ̶ڷž޴ı仯ŵٶȱ֮ǰҪʮ
ţ֮һȫòԼǰ
ı仯ıЩҩˣһʱ䶼
֪֮ҩһơ
Ǳݵˣ֮ҩ޲꣬ĲҩҲڲϵӣǰѾӵһǧҡ
һοҪӵˣߡ
ͨҩ˵ǧѾǼˣǶֲ˵겻һͷˡ
˵ǰĽľħĲ
ͽر֮󣬱㿪ʼȻҲӵ֮ǺͽľΧȣ̫ϡ
һۣʱ䣬һڼ䣬ľҪƵķĲ϶ѾռĲˡ
սӶᵽԴɲЩԴ֮ҪҵһЩƻĲҲһܼ򵥵顣
ʹЩŪԽľ֮еĵλһͿЩ弶ͬ˼Ѫһ㣬Ӷᡣ
ٰǰһӿǷϴŪġ
ԿĦɱ׵ˡ
Ϊ˸ĴҲСһͷ弶ͷ弶ˡ
ĦŵأݵĺĵشЩ屾ٴ󣬴ڲҲֲʲôôĦҲʲôʡ͵ĵƣЩ弶ûȫĦ£Ѿˡ
ͻصʽľҪһɣϾҪΪľƻϻҪӽľԼȡ
ľһǸԼƻģ˵ֱŪһĳ
˴ֱҲֻǿЦһľԼںôȻҲｨľʡĶƳ˻ټ˴Ĳϣһʱ䣬ľĻǻˡ
ͿɾͰﲻæˣ⻯һҪľԼɡ
Ҫ⻯꣬ͱΪһ֮󣬲ΪԼĻ
ľҲ鷳ô궼ˣٵ⼸ꣿ
⼸֮УͺСĹϵǲŪٵСģȻǴӶСԴ
ԼԼеа񣬾ȻˣֶƭһֻСĶ
ãͷֶβûзŭҲΪ˸˴衣
żľΧһͷ弶ǰս඼ǧƪһɣѾ˽ֽ׶Σ˭Ҳκβ˭һеĴ
壬ɺͷǱսҲࡣ
һķȻͣݵĵҲǲСȻڶʱǧʿЩʿΪҲôߣȴʤ࣬ÿ˷һСҲԪӤʿͷʹˡ
ڲϵӣݵİ֮Ҳǵ£һЩֻֿ֯ǳ֣˺ͳԭ֮ơ
ĺ󷽻ȹ֮⣬ĺ󷽶һƬҡ
ЩʿֱӴģ֮дӶᡣ
ЩֿʵȻһǿ£ҪЩֿĲһ׵顣
ݾͷ·һ޴̶ʵӲдĵֿɧš
ķɶʿС
ҲԼٴ岻ʲô⣬ľС
ͷҲûֹͷȻ֮Ϊߵޣȴ岢ôðг˽ľСˡ
֪ͻȥҪԸģͷҲûǰ͡
ͷĻ˵ʵУµĶɣȻӿɾҪˣ
С֪꣬ͣҪߣæеҶײһöָ֮У˲ϣһҪһߵӡ
ռ䷨ͿһöָʱƤֱСϵ׻жٺö
һûеõʱһֱţֲŷ֣ȻһƷȻЩƣȴû˵ǰ档
ƵİˣҾô½磡¿м˵
Ƶ鱦ͿЦһ
ʵƵ鱦Ͳǵһμ˰ݽɽׯ˫ħеķӡһ鱦ֻǵʱ͸ûлӴһεĶˡ


469 ǻ
ڻ޼ݣ뿪ɽҲʲô۵赲
ҲǧһܹӰɽҡ߳ˡ
СһֻС͵ͷϣһᣬ޳Ŀš
ҩͨҲܲסݳߣСǳԵĲֺ
ѣôࣿ뿪ɽ֮ͷ̾˿
Ҳûʲô⡣ľ˵
ͷҲ̾˿ϣ岻Ҫϳ̫Ŀɡ
˰ҵʱ䣬ͱӰɽϵݡ
·ЩʶȤ޶ԹԵıܿЩʶȤĻҪ͵ġ
ȻҲЩ޺ɫֱӴɱ
ײڣЩҲǻá
͸ϵʮԭʱ򣬲㶼ϲһطˡ
ԭһʮԭʱȴǱССı̸Щ֮ϻųǧͷޣвļޡ
ܹʮԭӣɼ﷢˶ôҵս
ʹڣ˫뽩ڼ䣬˵ĶսҲʱз
֨֨ͷСԾûûεĿеˮѾѪ֥ˡ
䣡Ȼ䣬һӱ´ֱ͵ĵ
΢΢һЦ˫ָһоͽ⺮С
ԭһǧ꺮ķɽ
ʵҲ͵Ϯ͵һЦеķɽ͵Ϯʿ
͵Ϯ͵һŮޣΪҲڰˡ
㡭
͵˵ͷ
Ůѩ濹ʿȻŮ͵Ϯһɲǣ;Ϳǧٴˡ
ǰǡŮһ㶡
ѩ濹䣬ͣ͵˵
ս֮룬Ⲣеʿʶ
ͺ¶棬Լʹѩ濹ʿҲ֪Լ֮ڻôһλ䡣
ǰŮޣΪߣѩ濹֮ȻҲûʲǫ̂Բ֪͵òҲ֡
ԼݵʱŮ˼Ŀ·ǿΪĶһ㡣
Ů޿ʵǲڣֻܿһԼΡ
ŮƺҲ֪Լ̫ˣ˼ЦЦμϡ
͵˵ͷո˾棬ѵʲôֵĵط𣿡
ǰ깬Ѿ֮ɥŮɫŹֵĿ͡
ɥͿЦһԼʧô꣬˵սҲΪ棬Ͼտͷ弶ڵģʹĿҲΪܹͷ弶޵ˡ
ҲѹŮ͵ֵʱ˹ıˡ
һ˶̫֮ΣˣһȺ޵ĻӶûеطӡҡҡͷ
ŮЦЦϣŸ߰
Ȼ뿪һʱ֮ڣʿҲ뾡˰취ʿս顣
ҲӦĽƣڵʱɻִͬС죬նɱԽ࣬õĻҲԽֶ࣬ʯ͵ҩҲͶˡ
׽ǵµʿҪأԪӤʿҲҪأߵԴҪûһ
ȻһЩòĶҲһ֣־ͳΪͨõĻҡ
ҲһЩ⣬ûʵʿ޷նɱ޵ĻôֻܿԼ֮ȥʵĺ
ʹΣҪǿʿʤ̭޷ȥ֤޷ӦսôҲûá
Ϊ˻֣ѩ濹ʿҲƴˡ
Լͺڱ֮͵Ϯ޵Ķ飬һȻԼһ㣬ȴЧ
ɵʿҪѧѧʲôɵʿѩ濹ʿҪͺġ
һͷһƷ޿Իһ֣һƷԻ֣һƷԻȡĸ֣һ۷޿Իʮ֡
ҪֵǮĶ࣬һͷƷ޿Իʮ֣Ʒʮ֣Ʒһٸ֣۷޵Ļİٸ֡
Ʒһǧ֣Ʒǧ֣Ʒǧ֣۷ǧ֡
ļޣ͵ĶҪ֣˵նɱһͷʵĻҲļ۷ޣԻʮ֡
ӿսҲֻȼܹնɱʰˣ󲿷ֵҲֻܿЩ۲
һƷʯҪһ֣һƿĻҪ֣ΪԽߣҪĻҲԽࡣ
֮£ѩ濹ҲҴƱ˵ԼԴá
ѩ濹Žһ飬ݶȡһơ
ЦЦһͷʶܻȡôĻ֣նɱʿ²ʮͷˣ֮лһͷ弶޵ʬ壬һͷ弶أһܹȡĻֿһˡ
䣡Ȼ䣬һͷ޴ĺӰ˳
ԭ󣡡Ů޶ʱ⡣
ʮԭ֮ͽʮԭ֮е޾ۼһҲΪһɲСЩʮԭӦѩ֮أȰɽ֮е޸ܷӳ
ǰһͷԭ󣬸ʮԭ֮еĿֲڣ۷ޣʹǽᵤ۷ʿҲܱ̤
ĴڣͲССʿܹǵĴڡ
СӡͷûУֻǵ˵һ
һɫӰ˲ɳͬһ֧һ㣬ԭһ˲ѣ嶼˿С
飡ص£һɫӰűԭ޴˹
ֱɫӰ߽֮ʱŮ޲ſ壬ɫӰȻһֻӣﻹһϾ
һﵹԽԽˣЦһ
ǰСһʩչ츳ͨԼ屩ǣ⼸СѾܹ⶯ãҲͿһ˸ҡ
ڵ㣬ĸȥ֡Ц
СһЦֱӰѱԭȡ˳ͬһȥ
ŮֻԼĿҪըһ㣬նɱһͷ۷޾ǧ֣ǽ޵ʬ彻ȥĻܶǧ֣ǻĻôһͷ۷޵һǧҡ
ôһŪǧĻ־ʹˮƯˣ
ԪӤʿҲô˷Ѱ
Ϳԭʬ岻мƲƲ죺ˣʬ廹Ǹɡ
۷޵ʬĿϣСӶһƲ죬۷޵ʵ̫ѳһ㡣
лϣŮ޴ϲ۷޵ʬ壬ܹһҵĻأֵһˡ
һУСһֻӵĴС͵ļϣóһöļ޵ʼ
Ů޿СӺ޲ýֻӵθڳԵĿɶʯ
СӳŮ죬·ǹ̼Ůһ㣬һļ޵ȥ


470 սսս
͵ĻعȻϲ֣Ҳ˿
ʱǿǱһ콣ɱǿǶ˵ֻͨĽâˣǵʵȻܹЩ弶޶ֻźնȻûע⵽ǣǲѡ
ն֮£ҲţնѾͶʥΪʥ֮еλΪĻ֮һ
նɱŽҲǼΪȣն˾Ǵ⣬ն֮˵
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Ǹ֣ҲںԸˣ֮ʲôرҪĶǲ˷ʱġ
֮£ͶСļƿܵĲϱȽϸȤ
ʯڽľī
ڽľӲޱȣѵõƿܵļƷϣīһ൱Ľܹշ˺͡
ǵһīһСʱ򣬾ԵøΪˣ
ͶϹſоĻ»İī𵱳ɷˡ
Ϊԭϣƻ񼶱Ŀܾɵİա
֮ǰƿܻľ飬Ͷһƻ񼶱ĿҲ൱ţһͷ弶ʬİ¡
һΣҪƵĿܱһͷͿܣԭȻǻ޼ˡ
ѾеͳĿˣ˵ǿ˵ǿʬ
߶ԵͣҪںһ𣬱ϾҲϲʬһŵζ
͵ĳʼ㣬ǽ޼ΪܣȻԿ滢޼ڵ٣īڽľȲǿ޼壬һ
һһ߿Ƴûл޼ȫʢʱڵʵҲи߰˳ɣҪ߿֪ܲͷʹηĶֲ˶ҪͷʹĴڡ
˵ͱȽˣ޼Ͼһͷ弶ޣӲȿһ鱦ˣҪɲһ򵥵顣
ʹ𣬻֮棬Ҳ㻨²ų˶Ի޼ĸ죬²߲ݵͷ𣬲۸
ֲ뻢޼Ĺ֮УʹѾӲһŵĵزʹϵɻ꽣ȫնȥҲֻһĺۼ
һţҪǱСָʵܽⶫնϡ֮Ļ
ˣսȻеƿܣ׼Ĺ֮ʱĴ͵ˡ
ϮԼ࣬Ҳһαѩ濹⡣
䣡һͷ޴ȫһۼǵʿȺ֮кֱײȻûһʿܹ
ͷۼһ㣬˵³
ϬţЦһ
ϬţҲ֮бȽǿˣȫۼ׸ǣз޷˵ټ֮һֱǳ䵱·ȷĽɫ
Ļ˭ҺСӱȣ
С˷ܵĹâʱΪһϹ˻Ϭţ
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䣡˵ĲĿ֮£ξ޴ĻϬţȻ㱻ص˳ȥ
ͬʱһϾͬһ֧һ㣬̴Ϭţ壡
𣡡ϬţһֻϾϹһϬţڿըѣⱬը֮лΪޣ
˻СӺôĻһЩԪӤʿ̲סһСӵĿ֮Ҳһ˿־壬Ӱǵ޸ˡ
žžžͷϵС˷ܵƣһɫԲ׸Сӡ
СҲ־ͽɫ˽ȥĶӡ
ͿҲ亹ֱʿ֪ʲôˣ컯鰡Ҳֻڽľ˶ʮţһֻʮֻСϾȻҲ顣
ҿСӣȻǵһγˣ
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Ҫܼң컯鶼ԣ
Ǿƫƫжӡ
ѵǱγǳԶˣҪˣŹֵ뵽
СɲںЩʲôͳΪ˺档
СҲˣ컯ջһǴ˼޼Ѫһ㣬սϷˣǵʿͲҿСӡ
еһϾһұǽʮͷ޸ҳ࣡
ǧͷޣлʮͷļޣȻôСӴĴӴܣ
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飡Сһʱʵʵһƣ嶼Ǳ˱֮У
ϺʢҪ֣˭֪СֻǴӱ֮ƨϵıȻûܵʲô˺
СӣҲ֪һҲԲܣǺƨɾǱӲҳġ
ףǾ޴Ƶ˼ԼһƾȻûнСӴʱ̲סȵĿСӣ
С죬еϾ𣬶ƾһ
飡֮ϻƹһϾײһ
⣡Сӱ޴ķ֮
һǵûκεĺ£˷ܵĳȥ
飡
һκݺݵײһξ޴ƳԿˣֻƺһζʱ¶ȻҲһֻӣ
ʣʿһǱڱˮ֮һ㣬ֱð
ʣһֻԳһͭƤǣΪıһƣһԿɽʯʿ
ȴЦһʵǲǺϴȻе࣬СӵʵʰȻѵǾԲ¡
СҲ˿ԺԼޣ´ҲȥСӡ
СԽһգװ˴֮Уʱθ˲٣һ˶ߣԼȭͷ˹ȥ
ߣȻҲܿƶСӵȭͷ
飡߿С֮ȴ̺ޱȿֲ
Բı㶼һ֮³ƣ
ʹ죡ʴЦһһ
С˲仯ΪϾ״һȭӭȥ
䣡Сӽ˼ϾϾȻһ˿ϸ΢ȱ
ǶҲù֮ϳһȻǱСһȭá
СҲ˷ܵĿСӺʵĶԾ
Ҳ¶һ˿֮ɫ໣
ת֮䣬һͷԳСǰɷ˵һ
䣡㶼Ϊ֮һ


471 ͨԳ
ովѾƵı˲γ˲֪ı㣬һ̶ֲ˱
𣡡ţһХԳϹԽԽʢԳƾȻԼƵ̧
𣡡Сһŭ嶼Ͼ״弱ͣ˿ڶľԳ
ʿСӵı֮ҲβסĵľϾԳ
Сӿɲô࣬ʵؿھһȭ
ֻϻƹһͬһ̲һ㣬Сӵȭͷ
ԭǸϼһĺͿʵ֮Цһ
ǸϼһǳĻ̣ʸϼһһĵȻʳôϼһ϶Ҳˡ
𣡡ͷԳڱ֮ÿһȭȫԸ
飡СϵϹһֻΪֵȥ
ʲӲӣϻƹһһ˲佫ְ
ֻԼֱҪһ㣬һ׻壬ֺпܾСӲĸ
ǾʱͻϵͻȻСӵ֮УСӴʱѾϾǹ룬Ҳ޷ֵ
òҪʹŭϵɻ꽣һɫĽâնʡ
ȻǸϼһСӣô;ҪϼһΨһҲ׽
ʴ󾪣⽣̫죬̫޷
ͻȻһǽʵǰ漴ʱ㱻һɾ
䣡һֻץס͵Ľâ͵һ󣬽â漴顣
ͨԳ弶޵ʵ۸һСòҪЦһ
üͷһ壺֪ң
Цһ֮о̣ͨԳһĶ磬Ȼʱʱ̸̿ˡ
˽⣬ΣССԪӤʿҰ˶ɱˣҺΣͨԳЦһ
ҵҪһܲʲôʱ򣡡ͲмĿͨԳһۡ
弶޺ͻʿ֮ǿ󣬱Ѿܹȡһ˿֮ǿҲҪԶԶԪӤʿ
͵ޱȣڻʿ֮£ʿе֮ҲӵС
˵ڳ˾δ֮⣬Ѿһʿˡ
󣡡˫һʮ׻ʽͨԳ
ͨԳΪ弶ޣЩ˫죬һ˫Ƶֵ͵ľ׻ʽ
һ
ͨԳｫһ˫趯ܲ͸磬͵ľ׻ʽҲһ˿
Ȼˣһ
ͨԳһޣʹ֮һ㣬һͨ⼸ͨԳ츳ͨ
ʹͨԳﲻʶʹã֮Զʩչ
͵ľ׻ʽһͨԳһ֮ڱܵӭٶȶͨԳĳһɵķΧָ֮
޼϶֣óĽ۾ǧܺϼһսԻԿһǴ
һܵͨԳӰ죬ЭԾͻ˲併ͣһЩԭܹܿĹҲԼϡ
Ȼͬ弶Ʒޣǻ޼ȴϼһĶ֡
ҼʹԶͨԳӰ֮ҲǱܿ
ϼһȫʩչĻԴﵽٱϣٱԽһԪӤʿѹ
ԼʹͨԳһֻʣһһС֮ȴûʲô޸Сһ壬٣һɳȴǼµĴڡ
ͨԳЦһҪһҪ˶
ͨԳһ˵µʿʱը˹Ǻͷ׷ǹʣΪҪͳеա
Ҳߣνǹͷһߣ˭ܱ֤ͨԳﲻɱ
ҸҪһ
ת˲ʮͨԳҲ£еľ׻ʽһףʮ׻ʽɽɲǼնڱΡ
͵뷨ܼ򵥣Ȼܹô͸ɴ޷
Ӱֹ֮֮еĽâʱֶ˰ٱ
˶Ľâʹ弶Ҳ¶֮ɫ
ָһ㣬âͬһͨԳԶ·һꡣ
ͨԳһ󣺡ʮ
ɲǼ䣬ͨԳڵĽâ·ܵʲôѹһ㣬Ȼֹ㿪ʼ
ʮ۾ﱬһâ
ۣ֮üһֻ۾˲ɫĻڿ۳һ
ʹܵʮӰ죬ƲֱֹӳͨԳʮ֮ڡ
ʮĺһһ·סһ㡣
𣡡ͨԳһɲǼɢ˿Уֻʣһ˿˿Ļǡ
ͨԳﶼûע⵽һ˿ϡ
䣡ɲǼ䣬һֱʣͨԳʲô鶼֪֮»Ϊ˻ҽ
𣡡ͨԳѽѣͨԳһĶҲûˣͨԳŭ
ٱزͨԳҲû˹˼ɣһٱ˲˷ԲʹͨԳԶҲܵӰ죬һЩΪµʿͱӲĸѹˡ
ҲǾһٱˡ
ٱ֮£ܹоԼżǿѾʼΣٳȥĻпܾͻ᲻ظ
ƺһ弶޿ɲǺöԸģٱ֮ƶ޷
͵ұһɫֻ֣ɫ֮һ˿ðһ˿ڿ۳һӣáϢĿͨԳ
һֺھ޴ѹʹ͵ʼŤ
ۣת֮䣬ͨԳͱħסڵʱͱ
ʧȥ֧ţͨԳ˲ʧЧ
𣡡ͨԳŭԼȻһסˣָԼı壬һٶɵľԳһŲ
ͨԳϵħҲͨԳŴͨԳ޷ѣһж޹ؽҪˣָ˱ֻҪһŶܽ
ֻҪˣôȻҲʧ
һѪһצ͵ĴͨԳ
䣡Ӵ˲䣬ͼ޴ˣͨԳȻڵǻһͷ弶ޣǿֲСӶ޷Ӳӣο͡
ұͲ˲ǵѪ
ͻȻͨԳ˿ڴϹͻԣͻϵͨԳȫһг˾֮ɫ


472 ɱͨԳ
ͨԳĽƴȻһһҵ˺ۣ˺ۺͨԳǾ޴ȣԵ˵΢
ͨԳʱȴǾĪһɹ׵֮ʴ壬ڲһ籩һ㡣
ڵĻɵĽ׵ǱħڵͨԳֻĿ׵ԼŰ
弶ǿһڣȴûа취ֿĻôǾͺһͨûʲôǱͨǿһЩˡ
ͿŻڳ鴤ͨԳЦһָеƬ֪
һƬȻͼ¼ڸոͽƬָ֮Уûע⵽
ͼ¼Ȼʲôǲ⣬¶˵ʲôҷޱȡ
Ϳ˿Լֵ˺ۣЦһ
һ˵ܾˣͨԳǻһСڣͼ¼ȴǱͼ¼Ƥ⣬ֵĹͷܵش
ͨԳһŵɲ˵ģûмʱĻͼ¼¾ܰгˡ
Ҳʡ͵ĵȣڵɵһ˲䣬֮ʣİһԵͨԳ˿ڴ
ٿͨԳͬʱ£弶Ҳ޷׵˺
࣡ͨԳŭ
ʱͨԳԼ·ʯһ㽩Ӳָ̧̧޷
嶼Ѿ׵Ĵ̼֮ԣ
ۣ͵ȵľһ̣еϵɻ꽣׼ͨԳһ
ʹ֫Ե弶ޣҲ˭ܹնɱġ
οͨԳϼһﱾϵޣʹ츳ͨһ弶֮ҲǼΪġ
ͨԳķôǿ󣬵Ȼ㣬ֻҪ̽ȥͨԳɣ
ͨԳȻҲ͵Ĵ㣬ͬʱƴıԼ۾⿴ޱȼ򵥵ĶڵͨԳȴȾһɽҪѡ
ͨԳѹ֮£Ȼһ̳֮ʱԼ۾
һͨԳƤ֮ϣֱð·նһһ㣬ֻͨԳƤ֮һ˺ۣûд̴
ӺǿķһЩʿ̲ס
ЩʿȻ֪弶ΪλͨԳֳǿǾˡ
ܹõ弶޵Ƥëһ׵ĻǾ޵ˣ
뷨ʿƺˣҪնɱ弶޿ɲȺ÷ܹ顢͵ɫҲǳЩЧϾҪʧˣһͨԳԣûҲǼ鷳
뾡նɱӣһᣬеϵɻ꽣Ϲâʢ
£ңʹһ
УСò׻һҪĵ߰˰ˣƲƲ졣
Ȼô˵һһͷɫʨӾѾ͵ߡ
飡ϽȻ鱦һʿ̲ס
鱦
Ȼ鱦
һЩʿ͵Ŀ֮Ҳʼζˣһ鱦󰡣
һһȺ֪Ķ
ʱҲȥЩֻһϵɻ꽣֮Уڴ˿ϵɻ꽣·ǻһ㣬ڽһͷɫʨ֡
ϵɻնʹһ
һһֻɫʨӳ𣬵ʯֻ֮ʨӾѾҧͨԳĺ
һз̫죬Ͷûп塣
ҪˣҵĹˣµԵޱȵΪһϹϵɻ꽣֮С
ҲֹոһȻˣ
¶Ҫ˾޴鱦Ȼʡ͵ĵơ
ͷһʯ֮ɫźÿһ㣬ͨԳʬ
֨Сȳȣһһյߵ͵ߣĽһ
ͲһСӲϹ֣弶һҲֻȫмʮ۰ˣͦصģȴûжΣա
㡭弶£Ҳ֪ЩʿôȻͺСΧвɱ˼
Ҳ䣿Цһ
̣弶޿ǹͬɱģһŽڵԪӤʿԴǵ˵
һ仰ҲõڳʿͬϾ˶ֻ࣬ҪڿһʣֵǱҲ
Ƥģһ
Ҳǵ˵ͷЩʿͨԳսʱ򶼶ԶԶģڿ˺ôǿĹһ㣬ȫӿ
֨СӳЩʿ졣
СӿͨԳ͵Щ˾Ȼֱǲ֪
ҵģҹһ
弶޵ʬ彻Ȼͱ뿪ŽڵļԪӤʿվһȻҪˡ
͵ȷǸոһ̫ڳʿѵһĻ
ͷҩָҲûô죬Ǳʵδָ֮ǰôõ֡
ƾ㣿һ
һʮ׻ʽ˲佫ǧʿΧ룬ʱܷ
㡭ңŽڵʿɫ䡣
û뵽;ȻˣҪ֪ʿɲֻŽڣѩ濹кܶɵʿ͸ҴɱĻôǵݣ
ȫɱҲңɱ㼸ŽڵһǸҵģһ
䣬âͺ谭Ĵ̴Žڵʿ
ˣŽھԲŹģĵԪӤԼٶȳ˽ķΧ
°ɣɱʢ׹һȻ˲㳬ĵԪӤ
ֻһӣĵԪӤûκεĵֿͱΪᦵһˡ
ÿٶȣȻԪӤĶݹ⻹Ҫ죡ѩ濹ʿΪɵĿһۡ
ԪӤĶݹ⼫죬ͨʿ޷׷ϣȴĽĵԪӤɱһֶڳʿ
ѩ濹ļԪӤʿʱѾ亹ֱ
ѩ濹ϣһҾͷһһһģʱʧЩʿǰ
һöԵ弶޵һϵ弶Ѿö𣬱һöˮһöľ
ľԵҲѾҵƷǾǽľ컯顣
ľ˵ľΪǿˣ۳컯Ҫ弶޵ҪǿΪƷòˡ
һҪĲһöˮԵ弶ˣ


473 
ǼŽڵԪӤʿͲûзϣɱ˾ɱˣﲻһĸ
ʹŽڵҲ˿ľ⡣
ͨԳȡͱ㽫һͷԳʬǰ˾޴弸ѩ濹Ĵġ
׼ѵŽһʱ֮䶼˵ʲô
ڳ˶ɵӣƾǼϻնɱ弶ޣ췽ҹ̷ĻɫԸˡ
µϲ¶һ˿۵Цݡ
֮ǰڵģҪŽڵŭ𣬵ڿһжǶģնɱһͷ弶һͣ졣
ȿȿȣϣɷһΪҪնɱŽϣԪӤûзŹ·ûпͨԳʬһ㣬ץնɱŽһ֮ϡ
ЦһЩ˲֪ô
ڳʿһ㶣ԭΪͻЩж˭ֱ֪ӳеޱȵİԵ
㡭Ҳû뵽;Ȼ̬ȣ
̫ˣȻɱͬݲħͷһʿһ
üͷһ壬ʿǰȻû
ʥİ׽ɣʦʹʥ֮еλҲǷǱѰ鴫͡
üͷһ壬û뵽ϼһﾹȻʥˡ
ɱͬΪͬȻᱻ׽ʥͷŵ
ͬΪ֮ˣɱŽڵʿɱͬ׽һ
ͬΪ־֮ͬˣŽڵ˼⣬Ϊ֮ˣѵʥΪ˱ͬЦһ
׽üͷһ壬ͱֵ̫ǿƣȻʥ
ĶǸɵĴ֪һնɱŽԪӤϣԭ㲻ʲô¡
ȴһͷ弶޵ʬ壬һģĶʥҲ˵Լ˿ں
弶ޣüֵݶΪĺöȻ˶һ
弶ȣĸԪӤʿԵ΢ˡ
˭뵽Ӳԣ֮ǰǼƻȻ޷ʵʩ
Ȼ뾡취жΣʿһóһ
ȴ˿жֱӰͬʱָŽڹ̲ܽϡ
ٶ˾ǲ뽫弶޵ʬֳ
һԲڸ֮
ϸ¶һ˿Ů˶ϣԼһصĴӢۣһҲ⡣
նɱŽڳҲͰˣȻԪӤŹ㲻ŽһŽھͺû꣡͵һԼԵǧ꺮Ƴɵӡ
⺬ŭһƣ˲佫˷ĩ
ʿѹ˲ͷſѩ濹Ϊֲѹ
ôƢЦһһӣһɿֲѹ˲ʧ֮䡣
Ѿɫ⿴ɵһӣȴͷųĴʿѹ⡣
۾ݣܹһĲûУҲǻ񼶱Ĵڡ
ͽһԪӤʿʹ֪Ͳ򵥣Ǳһָסˡ
˵ģԪӤڱǿʵٽɼɵĿһۡ
ϣҵȲ޶⣬ֻҪŪ鷢ľˣڴ֮
͵˵ͷҲʿɶֹ̫ѩ濹Ҳûʲôô
׽ɿǾ޴ʬһۣϷҪ޵ľѪֻҪһͷļ۷޵ľѪϵ弶ƷޣȻˡ
ԣǾҪ㸶ʲôˣ͵˵
׽ôһ˵Ҳ֮ͶʬȨ
ҲֻƺһҲ֪Щʲô
һٿƷʯһξѪΣ׽Ц
̫ˣҡҡͷ
٣
ٿ飡ָ
׽һ飬ٿƷʯɲһСĿ弶޵ľѪǿհ׽ҲֻٿƷʯһεļ۸ʮξѪ
ǧƷʯҲζǧƷʯ˴ĿǴʿҲҪʹһѡ
ͿװƷʯĴа̾ʥĴ󷽣ǧƷʯ۾գգóˣ֮Ϊǿʢɡ
֪ʱ׽ѾڵѪˣһƵĵҩǱѰû˶ʯ򼸵ξѪ
׽Ϊ֪ʦһ;ܹ֮ȼָ
ΪҲԪӤԲֻһɽ׻
Զ޹֮׽ɱڵҩ֮¹
ΪΣѾ˽⻯һżˣȻҲ֪׻ΪҪı֮
׽辶ϣܹ֮Ƴɵҩ
ʥҲµһʥʥĵҲ֮ȻܺͽľΧȣھ֮ҲǼΪˡ
γԣ׽ɳɹ֮е֮ȡƳ̺֮
źǣ֮󲢲תΪ֮
εĳԣ׽ɸĽ˵ֻҪ֮мһ޵ľѪһ⡣
ΨһƱǶżϸҪҲҪļ۷ޣһѾܹ֮ޡ
Ϊֻ޵ľѪ֮вŻһ˿΢֮ҩЧӵߡ
Ѿ컯ˣȴв磬ܹƳĵҩ׽ʦҲǵ֮ˡ
ʮԭ޵սļ۷޵ļġ
Ҳǰ׽ʦΪλѩ濹ԭ
ڴڼҲõ˼ļ۷޵ʬ壬һЩ޶ûмȡһ˿֮
Ͳȥ弶޵⣬ȴնɱһͷ弶ޣ˺õĻȻŹ
ǧƷʯȻʹǺͽ׻̫С
˰׽ɵĿͷһЩ弶޵ʿ׷׳ۣһЩеĶ˺סˣͨԳ˫Ҫȥ
˸Ĵ۱ʮƷʯ⼸ϵ׶Ϳˡ
Ҳֻҧ
ͨԳֵǮĳһö֮⣬һ˫ۣʮƷʯļ۸ֻͲߡ
ټ屻ڳʿֻֽʣ˼ëƤһѹǼܣѪⶼһЩʿѹˣ弶޵̺µĵӷãʲô鵤á
Ϳһž޴ëƤϲ¶һ˿ЦݣЩʿΪõõĶȴû뵽ֵǮĶȴ˷


474 ʥ
ʿ֪֮ͨԳϸʿ࣬ʹ֪Ҳһ֪⡣
弶޵ƤëȻǲǺĶȾеμˣЩʿϵĶˡ
ͽʣµĶһȫ֮С
һͷ弶޵ļֵԹʹǱҲ׬˲٣ϵʯ²һɵĴˡ
ʿΪ˼ֶͷʹʱȴһ˲ʹ㹻Լǧʯ
Щʯͳͳͽ飬˵ʯ֮ȱ٣飬Ҫά˴ɣʯǱزٵĶˡ
ѩ濹ʮӣÿĵʯһ֡
е֮ͱһαչأ׼δɵĿɡ
һαչһӾʮʱ䣡
ڴڼ䣬ҲмϢһʦŵѩ濹Ϊһ֧
ʦڵõݵĴ֮ʱ͵һʱ˵뿪ݣݡ
֮Ҳ˼꣬űɵʮԭս
ڶϢѩˣ֮СѩڽڵĺγΪһǧƾźȪͽӵȻֱӴƽԪӤ
ʦԼıŮƽ£Ҳ¶οЦݡ
Ϣʥ֮еʿ߳ʥʼݸ
ʿ˵һϢǶֵķ˵ȴһجġ
ʥܹͷѽҲ˵ƾǰʿδйĴ
ܹɶؾ֮У֮Ҳֻʥʵ
ʥжǿݸ֮һֱһܣƽҲֻȼʿߡ
һΣʥ˶չǿ
ʥһɲǣʥ֮ʮݶΪ֮𶯣
ʮʿʮʿ
һ֮оȻʮʿ
Ħɿʥķв¶˾ɫ֪ʥǿȴû뵽ǿֵز
ʮɣԳƣɼʥǺεȵİԵԹֻǴڴ˵֮УʹܶԳơ
һ֮Уʥ͸ң
ͬʱʥ֮еʿԴԴϵ߳תۼ䣬ʥʿѾ鲼ݣΪֿķ֮еҪ
һƺûʲôϵʮ֮Ͱȫƿ֮ϡ
ƺҲ֪ͱչصҪԣ֮´ȫҽͱչصĵطΪأκ˶롣
֮УһֻͿһֻӴòɿ
ԱֻһɫӣһĿתĿ֮սʵĵطĹƣ
飡ɫӰϻһȥ
֨֨Сϵĳϵϻ˻ȭͷ
СԼ֪ǵڼαˡ
ͷϻոճʱ򣬻Ķ֣ǵ˺ܹƽɫӮ٣ɴֻ䲻Ӯˡ
ܺãĿһͷͿܡ
᲻ɴݣҪ⻢Ϳܻӵͨ
һͨʮǰնɱһͷͨԳȻ޷ͨԳǰŵİٱҲܴﵽʮһûͿڽս֮ռˡ
ʹСԻͿܵʱҲǴԱ
ϹſϵļأǲһЩĲϵĻһļܹÿҲͨ
ĲʲôϹſϲûмأ͵һܺãͨԳƤëлĹһĲϡ
һͷܲӵл޼Ի
ӲҪ˵һ߿ʲôȱĻôԶսˣһҲûѵͣڻĿбһأֻҪһĿбǧƵĹɳǻʿҲҪæңԪӤʿĻֱɱĿԾӶࡣ
ЩԴȻҲͨԳʣµĹǼˣЩһԵķʤ࣬ÿһ֮϶ͼӳֹ󣬾бѵԣһᱬѣ
СǱ˻ͿܵĲԹߡ
Сӻռһˣ˺ȫɳĽɫˣһƤҲأԵҲûʲô¡
ڵĻͿٶȣڷ϶иɻ
ҲѪ⻢ͿܵǶʮżƷʯԳŸˡ
ܻкܶԸĽĵطܵ˵Ͷһ߿ܻǺ⣬Ժ弶޾Ͳǰǰˡ
ֻʣһˮԵˣһͱ԰鳹׽ɵĺ󻼡
ͳصһɲǣһӰ˵ĻС
ڳˣҿˣ
һƺ֪˭ˣеŵϣôˣһӡ
ߣôˣ㻹ӣСѩ塣
ЦЦڷפյĹϵݵûиı
ԪӤˣСѩԺҲһˡЦ
Ҳ˭Сѩİͷ
ˣˣϵܻأʦȰСѩͷһö򽻸֮ͣɫ
͵˵ͷʶ֮Уһ֮һʥȻǿ󣡡
ʮɣôͷ
ѩ濹ڳȥʱͽһĽͬѩ濹֮еԪӤʿ㳲һأ̸ݣʦ˵
͵˵ͷ֮Ҳἰ£ʥĹϵԭıת˷Ȼһ·ˣ˫ھݺݽ֡
༸ҲˣɹͷʥҲʡ͵ĵƣƺڵʥ˳һ㣬һʱҲӴˡ
ҲӰɽ֮ԴԴϵðɽͿ֪֮пҲжʮͷ弶ģһһͷ弶Ʒޣһ꽨ľԲôġ
˫ھݺݽֲ£ɱ쳣Ĳҡ
ҲҪȥҲҪȥСѩͻȻ˵
֣ʦһ壬ǾԲͬСѩǰġ
СѩѾԪӤʿˣڶ֮ȴȫһһԪӤʿɽ
Ҳǵ˵ͷս˲Ϣ䣬ʹҲұ֤ܱСѩİȫСѩѩ濹
ߣ۸ңȥͲȥСѩĹĵ˵
²˳٣ͳ˵
ʦ˵ͷһץסҪ͵͵ߵСѩŮˣԲôԹ
ҲҪȥСѩɥĿ͡
ͿЦһ׼ˣƢҲ׼֣׼ܣ
ţСѩＱæӦ
ôɡͽСѩϵ£˲Сѩڵͱ


475 
㾹ȻƭңСѩ죬ʧӰˡ
ʦҲΪεĿСѩһۣȻѾԪӤʿˣϺһȴûʲôյԻҲҪСѩ̫ˡ
ͱϣɫĹâϽ棬ٶȶ
£ָ˶ˡʵ
Ұɣµ˵
Դĵ˵ͷʮǰնɱͨԳһºò׻һա
ʮ֮ҲƴĻָľҲǲƳɱʹãټѾӵһ˿֮µҲԽԽǿ󣬺ʮǰǲͬն
飡Ȼ䣬ضΪ֮һ
ô£һٶȲɵļ˼֡
ɽǰɽķ򣡡¾
ֻ֮ĳŰɽۡ
ȣмֱС׼ס
òὨľ⻯˰ɣͷһ
ˣһɼӴľ˲ڣʹһҲĸܵ
ȻͰ̾һܹ֮ӵǿľĳ˽ľ˭
ԽľʵĻҲǺ徳ڵʵһ֮п˵޵еĴڣƴȫĸ֮еľҲδѹסľ
ľ֮ԽľĸǾԲ뵽һս֮еģҲǵ͸ҽ⻯̸֮ľԭ
徳ôܣʥ֮һ͵۾˰ɽķ
ʥʥ𾪣ǻ׶
꣡ضΪ֮һ𣬿ֲ׽Ӷ£ʹҲ循岻ѡ
ľΧһɫĽػ״ͱ˴룬һʿֻ⡣
ˣһ˵ɢɽ֮һâƺҪضͱһ㣡
徳ǸľͷҲˣ֮ضϵһЦ
ʿֻǿ·ˣһۣûвȡʲôж漴㷴ص˽ľΧ
ɱǴ˼Ѫһ㣬˷ܵ
ʥΪܣǵĵ͸ˣһսǱʤ
ʿ߰һȴЩǷϣ˭û뵽ɽ֮оȻǿޣͲֿܹĴڰ
ţңҪţȻԼǵµʿﻹô࣬еŤͷܡ
սһ˲дԭֲµ˫ȴһ浹ľƣ׷ɱ
üͷϵĺһ£Ǳɱ³
һնʮͷޱ˱飡
ֵľűڿһµĽ󣬽֮
һЩʿҲǸͨնɱ˴ޡ
Щ˵Ŭȴֹʿܣ֮еҲʡ͵ĵƣŬҲ޷ֵ԰ټƵʡ
֮еĻʿҲһ̳֣Զʤǵ弶ޣҲֻ֧ܿš
ʥ벻ս־ȻΪľ׸д
ʹŭһЩʿ
ͱʢһΣת֮ʧʣٶ֮ڻʿĿռͨ
֮УһŮ¶һ˿ĹâŮϣͨ˺弶޻Ҫš
üͷһ壬еĺ˲һѱһն
ŮЦĿһۣѧӣȻһһȫɻ۶ɵĻ𽣡
ཻ
䣡΢̲סһ
ĺŮȴ˿δ㣬ͨƺң
ֻŮϽ۳ʮѻ泤
㣬ˣֻŮָһ㣬ʮѻ泤˲佫û
ףŮӲɵľɵĿŻ֮е顣
ֻһ˿⵲סĻ𽣣ںǺδˣ
ڵѾзɵļǧҪڶȻѩ濹ҵţһӣĻ˲ʧӰ١
ϲһ˿Σɵĵ˵ͷСһ㣬ܹŹ֣
βȻʲôʡ͵ĵƣЦһ
»ʲôޣܹһ۱ܹѧͨأ
һ̰ܾѶ£˻ѩ濹ɡнͼ޾նɱ
Сģ˵
ԼԼԼδսֺβӲƴһ£ڵıͷڲѣȥĻҪˣʱ̣Ҫġ
Ӵⲻǵλ𣿡βһЦ
ͰתתβȻ
һΣβȻɲ⣬ʹתתڵʧصļ
֪ܺβеϵɻ꽣һն˾β
βҲеĻͻȻۣ漴γһ籣ֻһһͽϵɻ꽣ס
ߣһϵɻ꽣׵ʢɻ۵ĺ˲ͱɢ
֮ľҵ𣡡һɢĻ泹״ɢ
ҵܹ֮壬ԲСһҵմڵᱻҵǣΪõ˹ܱҵڵȼ
ͣβͻȻŻͬһһ㡣
ҵ֮滹ǲһ㣡Цһ
β˲䱻һɺ֣һ֮Ȼˣ
üͷһ壬žβһ黹ɢĺ
񣡡Ͳһ
񣬺ųܹؼеĻ档
͵ʱҲֻǰ񵱳ɴ˵ˣҲ˵Ҳټÿһ鶼ܵķᡣ
ǺβһЦ
ɲǼ䣬ͻȻһֲõԤУĺë
ףֻһɱɫĻ˲佫ͰС
䣡ڱɫ˲䣬͵ܵһγɫĻ澹Ȼѹˣ
ɻ棡ƺһֻǧֻɻɳһ֮̽ɡ
Ϳβϵ񱳺һֱð񲻾ջ棬ܽյĻ滯Ϊá
ƾ㣬ļֵǲɹ
ҪõһҪõһ֮п¾ôһˣ½е
һ㵹Ǻһһ
Ȼˣôͱ뵽֣춯þĸҲҪõ
βһʮ׻ʽµɷ
ƾ㣡Ȼ䣬֮һŭȣһβֱӴ˽֮ϡ


476 ռ۷
飡ɷ󷢳һһͱơ
ڣβͬܵ۸ĺһ㣬޵滨ġ
һǰһȾβҪŮӡ
ڿŮӵһ˲䣬Ͱвã
Ůӱһϻζβ;ȻǺɫģ
ҲζţǰŮǸΪǿ弶ޣ
Ժӣ⣡ֻŮŮӵԴ
ŮӺܵ۾֪ڶ԰ˣ
β򵥣ƺѾҪ弶ƷˡɫصĿŮӡ
弶ޣֲûɱһ弶Ҳ赲
նеľ׻ʽһɽǧâնŮӡ
СŮһ
ֻŮӱͻȻðβͣβڿлһķģɲǼ俿ŮӵĽâʧĸɸɾ
һͬ׹һ㣬ǰδеΣнΧ
ף
ڡ
׵ķδȫſʹ졣
ۣ͵һѪޱȾĿ֮ȻЦŮӡ
ʱ͵ĺѾѪģɼǵ˿ڱȱȽǣЩ˿ȴڲϵ䶯ϡ
һҲðѣ
ʧĽâȻͻȻ͵ı⧲֮£һ
ӦֲĻĺϳԿŮӵĿ͡
Ůӵʳָ֮ϣһöһ顱֣
˵ĺ飡ĨȥǵѪĶź顢֮ÿһ˶СʹֻԪӤڵҲӵſɳڵϺĻʹǻʿδռʲôˡ
ĵĿ֮Ҳ˵Ǽ᲻ɴݣڻƵĻ͸ǿ֮ħʥˮ޷ɱ
ǰȻ壬ԭΪ˵Ķ࣬ڿյĳԱ䷱ӣһ֮еҲ˿ľˡ
ͼɵǺոһ֣ܹԼĹתƵͨ
ȻǻʿյĿռͨû˵ʲôʿܹԷĹתƵģ˵ĻôѾڲ֮ˡ
鵭Ŀܹͣնɱ޼ͨԳսʹǻʿδܹһԪӤʿȴˣ˶ܸȤϵһͼ¼
еɱƣͼ¼жˣһͼ¼ΪݹС
ƺͲںɱûжĹϵǻƺҲ̹ġǸһĲ֮ҶɵѰ
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ȻõôˣЦĿ͡
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ʮ컯ɣҲҪЦ
Цһʮ컯飬Ǻôθڣ
һӦҲɣȻĻҲὫնɱһ
նɱңҲҪûˣֻһͷ޴ϻ˳ͺͺм䡣
޼һ㶡
ɱһ
ȻɧԼôҲһԼƳĻ񼶱Ŀܡ
ܣǰ͸ĵĻҲԸóһЩöġ鵭Ц
꿴֮ǵûк£ν⻢ȡ档
һҲŪˣʹһ˫һһ˺顣
飡һᣬϸָڻͷһ㣬СӶ޷ƻĻͷϾȻһۣ
ߣһȻһ弶ޣҲͨĻ񼶱Ŀܡ
ں龪ȵ֮УһݾȻԶԭˣ
˼Ŀܣ䵭һЦͻȻһƤޣֻƤһ飬ڸ֮һӡǡ
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飡һǷȭ͵˳ȥ
⿴ƽλӵ˿ֲС֮ϿҲδĶ֡
͵ļ֮Уβʲôޣ弶ޣҲǿֵز
ȼ֮ƻʱ֮мǧ࣬Ȼһ߿ͱˡЦ
һ𵱳Ϊǧ࣬ȥƭСʱ¾һЦ
Сղؾ޵׶һ㣬ʱʱóһЩöǧͺò״СƭļƷϡ
ǧ任ǧ̬ΪҪǣǧƵķԶ޸
˵Ƴһ߿СǹûûСЩϡŹֵޱȵĲϵĻ⻢ʹƳҲҪ󽵵͡
ǧôģôҲֻСԼ֪ˡ
ϽֱһƤޣʮ˲ͷųǺҲһ
ǺҲֻһȭɱɡ
ƺܹٿؿռ䣬һͱһɿռˡ˵
ռ֮ͳһ
ûмǴĻ֮ǰڰ궷֮ʱڿռ֮У޷ȷеλá
˵βһƺƿؿռ֮
ʵԽǿԿռ֮ƿҲԽǿ
ǰʽĻôͻȻʧȻֳͱĽâҲԽˡ
ھβҲǸ߿һۣռּΪֵġ
ʿ˵Ѿ˻ռҲûк˿š
Ϊ֣ȻƵĲ֮ԶԱ۷սֻᱻ𿪣
ҪԸͱ⼬ֵĿռѾڲ֮ˡ
Ի
ֻһХһȦͬһϯս
üͷһ壬һȻ˶ݵʧ񣬶ڿռƿҲһ˿϶
𣡡һһצȥ
䣡һλֱӱ˰ɣؿڸǳ˴İݣ
ߣһУս֮Уû뵽ԸǼֵĿռ֮ǰûһ˿ĺôͲװ׵˷ʱ䣡
̣ˣίĿ͵ıӰ
ߣƺһؿһѪͻȻð˳
ƣĶųǰĻơ
ҵ˵˭Ҳ׼֣˫ֱĿź顣
㵱Ϊǿռ츳ܹסҲɣЦһ
ֻһָ̨֮һɳ⿴ƵĹ뾹Ȼ˺壡
´Σһת֮ʧ˺ǰ
鿴Լϵ룬ɫӣոѾ˿ռ֮ͼ⼸תƣǸ֮ϵʵ̫ǿ󣬲ִ֮¸޷תƣ𿪶


477 ٻĦ
ͺͺ֮սս֮ҲһСˣʹڳ֮ʱҲնɱ˼ͷʣټս˵ڱˮн
һս֮У峹ױѹȥڶʱ֮ھս
ĸǹ˵飬Ϊص֯Ա廹ҪΣա
֮ӵгƺŵĳԱǼѶԸĴڡ
֮гЩӵгƺŵĳԱӵŴĳԱ˫ħ֮еһԱ
ЩûгƺŵĳԱҪӳƺųԱʹǳƺųԱҪСĶࡣ
ƣģӯ꾳š
֮һʮƺųԱЩ˵ĹǼܣҲ֮ΪǿĴڣ
ͽЩͷ׳⣬ڰжôļɵĵ˻ǰɽ֮е塣
ֻҪľսôлᷴΪʤ
һս˵Ǵذܣʹ֮ʱҲûаܵҡ
Թƣһս֮ʿ˳ʮ򣬽ᵤʿ˳ԪӤʿ˰λϣ˵忪սʧΪʹһˡ
Žڵһ񼶱ʿҲͷ弶޵Χ֮ˣܵĿĻһҲҪھˡ
ѩ濹ʧҲν󣬽ԪӤʿʧʮлʿ
ʦҲһս֮ˣֱͲ֪һֱԼɫŮԭѩ濹֮ΨһĻʿޱģ
ڱϵ˲أֻҪɸԭ
ݣսʧҲ˼ӭĵĽҲԽԽ
֮Уּսʿ˲Сĳ
ʥǿƳ£Ӫ֮г˴ĸ֣һԻķߡ
һ·ϻѩ濹ʿߴˣеİ߿һս֮Ҳĵ߰˰ˡ
ʶǺǵģǵͷһӵϵʱ򣬾ҲҪ˱֡
űͷʲȳƬĿҲһ̾Ϣ𻵵ֵزĻʯҲٻĺܳףҪջǲܵˡ
˺棬ҪٵʱԾܣԪӤĿԱıըʶ䡣
һȥģϵĿֻܾʣʮ߰ˡ
Щ޵ĽԽԽЩƽڰɽ֮Ҳȫð˳ô
ӷ𣡡ֽ֮֮У
dֽЩ֮ըѣ˲ը壡
Щͺ¿ɱħ˻ҪݣһЩħʿӡ
ŵصˣ
ĦµҲˣ
ܵʿ·ǿ˾һ㣡
ĦϻɨսĿ͵ϣʩɽ٣ѣɶλʦҪʩһ𡣡
ͽӵ˿յĴ֪ԼĦµѾ֪ˣⶼ֮Уս֮ᦺ;׻ʽĵȻܹ͵
Ѿ֪ǵǸõͼ¼ʿ
ʹ֪Σͽնɱ˼ͷ弶ޣǿսøŸɶɵļɵƾյһʿǵ˵һ޴ѡ
ͺĦµһ޹սһܹ޹𶷳ƽ֣Ħ¼ʹ֪Ҳֻܺ
һսұǰĦ£ʹ
˴ƣ˿һ
ɱڵõŵط޵ļ֮ӵʿվ˽ŸʼһЩֿ֮
ĦµļλԪӤʿɱķ۳ıͬɱ˿ħһ㣡
⣡ûһͷڡ
ӷ𣡡ʾȻţɱ塣
ˣȻԼˣеʷŭ
ûеͷʷӦͱڴʿնɱ
ʿĺһЩʿԼ쬵ģЩƽ￴üĿģɱȴһ㶼ħʿҪ
ŵصķ޵ֵҲ֪ҪЩʿնɱǲܵˣڼͷʵҲʼȴ
ҴʿˣҲһ
ȵЩʿ˻ѩ濹ʱѾǰ֮ˡ
֮Уռ˾ݺݣȴΪ֮ǰĴܣ
ں齻һЩ֮󣬱ĦǰĦ¡
Ħ֮һƵķ̲̾˿Ħ²̵ĳɣ⼸ʮ֮۳˿ֲķ㹻һٴˡ
ѣλʦȺ򡣡˵˿ձȥ
䣡̤һ˲䣬һɿֲѹ˲ѹ͡
̽𣿡͵һЦתһѹ˻ȥ
Ȼʵϴһ̾Ϣ
Ӳʦֵֶû㣬ʮȥˣѵΪʢ̾˿
λǰˣҲΣŻ뵽ҪӲĦ£ΪıһӾȵ˵
ɶüͷһ壺ѿ֪Ħ´ʦĦ֮һӾȥš
ЦЦмۣλǰҽеҲΪʦɡ
㵹ǿ͸ӲĦµǿԼ̣ӶĦ˵Ҫܾܲװߡɽ˵
ͽ֮бסĶ˳һͷ弶ޣӦù˰ɣ
Ħв¶һ˿֮ɫһͷ弶޵尡һģ
ͣһ̴˶ͷ­һöϵȡ˳
һöϵãʣıǵˣһͷ弶ӣ
ѵ˵ͷȻһöͷ弶޻ޱȵ󣬼ʹҲδնɱһͷ弶ޡ
Ȼ󣬵ֻҪƷ̨ʱ䣬ܹٳ
ˣĦº͵ѾǷɽ˵
ҵȻһͻȻ˵
ʲôȻϲȴûбֳ
һͼ¼ҵҲ֪ͼ¼Ҫֻϣгһգؾܹƾеͼ¼ҵȡ˵
͵˵ͷʱұȻλǰλǰҲҪұܡ
Ȼϲ¶һ˿Цݡ
Щʿ˵ܹԸ
Ԫһǧ꣬ǵ򲻵ѵĵزǲðյġ
ڴ֮ǰǵǰѾԹˣµıԪȫϨˣвڵĴڡ
ǿʵ̫ΣգΨһϣؾ֮еͨˣ


478 ս
֮ǰչֳʵĦ˽⵽Ҫͼ¼ɲһ׵顣
ʹܹ쵽Ҳ˸䰺Ĵۣһ㲢Ҫġ
Լʹ֮ǰǿӣĦɨأĦɻԸԺƽķʽ⡣
ĦɿûʲôȷΪҪˡ
һͼ¼ҲζպнؾĿԡ
ĦɵǶԼҶҲаġ
һؾôǾʿĴ£˭ȥһţʱͱͨ죬Ҳ˶Ļʿ
һĦɾͳΪ͵ѣؾ֮ʱôԿ
Ȼһжǽؾܹµġ
Ħ֮ؾûпĻôҲûʲôʧ
ǽ˫ìõķʽ
ͶԴȻҲûʲô飬Ϊ˸Ĵ۲һͷ弶޵ʬ壬һͷĳŵˣȴȥԼĦ׷ɱĵǡ
룬ʱؾ֮бչĦɶΪǧһķţνǲϧѪ
ؾ֮ٶȿ˵һǧ̶̼ʮ꣬ΪѾԪӤڣı޹𶼱ޱȵʵ
Ͳûб¶ĴڣĦɽһĵ֮󣬱ѩ濹
˵ǽĵãʵĦָ͡
Ȼ־ʵȻʿҲЩҲֻлʿ򵽣ĦֻҪԼ㣬ʡȥٹҲĦʾá
û뵽ǾȻԪӤʿʾõһ졣ɽٿЦһ
ʿȻһԪӤʿЭ˵ȥĻ˼ҶҪЦˡ
бѡ𣿡ѿǰĶʬ塣
ʱ˱һɺֱð弶޵ʬ壬ǻҲδնɱһͷ弶ޡ
ǿԴ˶ˣǴܺʹɲһ
ս˵ʱŽڵľŽɾһֵ֮ͷ弶ޣ˵ȫ·硣
Ǽʹͷ弶޶ûܹŽնɱֻ˾Žɣѩ濹ıҲˡ
ʿÿһӵԼıֶΣҪɱ񼶱ʿĦҲ
ƵľĸĻҪնɱһͷ弶Ҳǧѡ
ǱħסˣͨԳҲǱħסڵűնɱ
ڻ޼ǱȽϵù֮֮Уµ˵Χ֮¡
ûħȿֲͨĻҪնɱ弶޻Ǽѵ顣
ͻصѩ濹֮ʱյıѩʥѾǰһƬʿڵϣϵİš
ŵصʿҲֻһԲоһڱգҫ֮£ܹ΢һЩ˻ʹ
һսˣʮʿݣʿ̶ͬȵˡ
̶һĲǱһ£Ǳˮ̴壬Щ˶С£һЩҩɸԭ
Ϊصıȱ첲ȵģЩʿ˿ڶһסҪƾͱЩһʿæҡ
ʿΪòѪҺЩʿûս֮ϣȴΪûеõʱƣԼſڡ
սһǲпģ磬սǲпġ
ʮʿԼǰҲɵᡣ
飬ôˣڵûзɵļɣͼеĿ顣
û£ɫ԰ףȻѹڵ
ʹסţĻϵӿڣѹڵı
ߣĲõһԼ
ҲǱϵıѹڱЧϾͱ͵ĻϵˣԸɴ
ʹ֮ȡһСƿʯ飺°ɡ
ʯ飡ǰһ
㱾ˣֺķôͲûж˵
Ĳ԰׵ɫ˵һУսֺķѴѹڵıȥĻͻ˵Ϊ󽵶С£ص߻ħ
ĺһлˣ
ͿЦһǵһοôлġ
öˣҲҪ˷ˣ齫ֳ˻
͵˵ͷϢɣͽҡ
㣿Ҫ֪ȫܴٶƺͺͲԸ̲סԷ̵
һ˲У⼸֮УҿƳĿܣ͵һЦ
һ㶣͵ĿǼʶģѩ濹ڳ˵ʱپ߿ܵĻʧ¸Ӿ޴
ʯҪĻʯһҪ˵Դ͵˵
ԣ֮ȨޣֻҪŽǸϼһͬ⣬ЩԴ⣡һ
ϷͬˣһֻһϱžűĲ߽֮˴֮С
Ͳ˼ĿߣǱǸϻô֮еôƣ
Ϸ֮еƣһö֧ȡĲϣŽӳһʵӡ
Ҳӳһ飺һã
͵˵ͷлλǰˣ
صѩ濹ɽĵ˵
һΣ뿪˴岻ռͱץʱ䡣
һξŽɺͱĽԴȫԼţ˵ð˲ٵķա
ﲻۼѩ濹ȫŽڴԴ֮Դһʲô⣬ôҲζսĳױĴ۾ǾŽȻʿҲδܹܵˡ
ֹȻ䣬ʿѹ˲
ʥˣʿ̾һ
еöƷֱݸˡ
ʿһ˿ȣȷ֮Ҳûж˵öǶ֮Уһһ˸ߵĶڳ͵ǰ
֮ͨ󣬶˲رա
ͿĶʱ׼̲סһ
ɵĵ̵жôۺ񣬴ʱڵİ͵ǰ
ʯҩЩ˵ֵǮĶİľ֮ϡ
ĶϣһЩ亱ҩɵȫˡ
ʶһɨֱһľ֮ϣȫǻʯһ֮װ˻ʯ
һɨЩʯȫ֮Уȡ˴ϣһԵװ֮С
ߵĲԶѳɽ壬ر֮Եȴ˵΢


479 Ľ
еĲϰ֮ĿռѾҲһѵĲϸˡ
ˮԵһæͽ֮еԵˮѡ
磬ĸˣԵص̲סʵ
ƶˣʱ䲻࣬ǰҰЩȫƵĲ־ͽҺͲûж͡
ŶˮԵͷڶԼΣҲûжʲôϰ֮У֮еĻ潫Щһһ
ͺĻǽЩĲƿܡ
ȻҲϹſϹսԵˮȴûжʱƿܵĹϡ
ҲһϹսףҵĺܣһϹսҲͶһرϡϷһ䶣
ƿϣͿ˵ɣһɲƻֿܣ˵ЩܾһԵƷڿܵҪҲ˲٣ͻܼһһΣʯЩܾͻԱʹҲŴᡣ
͵ֵĻʯƷҲһЩֻдĴָСЩҲֻһЩĿܣеȴȭͷСЩĻԪӤĿܡ
źͲûзֿƻ񼶱ܵĻʯ
ͬĿҲҪòͬĲϣȻһ˷ˣ
ϵĲԼٶȼ٣֮ȴѾپ߿ܡ
ͺԵƿܵٶȼ죬Եˮ˵ٶȡ
ͽ֮󣬺ƺƵѹѹһƬѹѩ濹
Ȼʿ֮Ѿ˺ܶ׼ŵصķ޵֧Ԯ˶ʱ򣬻Щ־塣
һĽͬȫǹעһ
ʿĴܣЩ忴˻ᣬֻҪһγķ߱ȻʮսҲһ̽
սһôݸҲܵǣǣһȫһսıпܲս
䣡廹һսڻҳǰ棬ЩʵУʵ̫࣬಻µ壬ƣһһƣ
ӷ𣡡ŵصķ޿ţһdֽͬһȺУʿҲǽԼķ˳ȥһʱȺУʮɫת˲һͱĸɸɾ
󣡡ŽڵӣɢĽ⣬Ľâ£նɱ˴ޡ
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Ȼˣǻʲôɽ󣡿һŭȣĽȻչ
ӡ⣡Ľ֮ͻȻһ
СĻˣĽ֮дĵϵ
ҲҵһսˣЦһȻֻ֮С
ɽһֻɽϻһһ޴ĽâǿĽâֱӽǰ޽ĩ⽣âٶ˿ûмޣֱӳ˺󷽵ɵĶ֮С
ãˣһЩʴ󾪣⽣â֮ϵĿֲͲֵܹģ
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ʹҲй˷սһȫһҲδػ˵Ч
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ɲǼ䣬ͷ޺޷ıնȥͷ­
췣һָ콣ڿ۳׵磬׵֮һƬǽ壡
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еĽͣı任֮оȻûܹס
˷Ľǵȥ֧ŲһˣĽ֮вϵһ
һ᣺Ȼնɱ弶ޣôҽλҲҪնɱһͷ弶ޣ
䣡ĽĵֲĽâһ磬¾ޣʱڽϵ޾ͲҲʮλ˽ϡ
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𣡡弶סˣǷν¾ĻܹʤʧҲ޷ܡ
һֻ;޴ĺڻ͵һˣ˫צ˽
֮УҲֻһ֮ǻޣҲζţڻͻ޼һ㣬һڡ
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أһڻıѾһ˿ڣ⽣â̴ı汬ѣըһƬѪ⡣
ϴŴĽʱѾð޹⣬͸ոʢȫԨ֮
ӵĳú޹ʣ·ıʯͷĳһ㡣
ѾĽ֮вһգ
࣬ҪΪ˸ۣڻЦһצϺڹһצâץ˽
ǵû˿ĺ£Ƿ΢΢ǰһĻĻϤ¡
걻ʯɽ֣Ԫһڣ̤֮·
ʮ꣬õϹŽ޴УΪԪһ֮һ

һޱȵĽȻָ˹ʣһʽâ˺˺ڻצâֱƺڻ
ڻ֮£æˣ⽣âٶ̫죬ʯ̴֮˺ڻͷ­
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ܣ֮д˲ŵ
弶ޣȻһԪӤʿ£ʹڻ弶ƷҲǾԲܷ飡
ɱǵõڵһеĳ˽
˭óʱĽѾǿ֮ĩնɱ練ƣֻҪնɱ˽ڱԼмӣ
ɱǸۡ
⵱һˣ¶˿ɬЦݣѾȫĽʧȥϵ·ıͨĽһ㡣
⿪һӡĽдͷ֮ĽҲ˳˯֮УǾۼ㹻ĽҲ޷ָյٹ⣡


480 ᦷ
ᦣͻȻһڵСս֮УɲǼĻǷɳɣ꣬꣬漴Щ޵ĻǱ㱻֮УΪᦵһӣȻ֮ɱ
𣡡һ޴͵һצ㽫һͷ˺ķ飡
ĿɲʶĽ΢΢һЦһע˽֮С
㡭һʱ֮䶼֪˵Щʲô
Ľļ򣺡Ȼȥɣһսûô
֮нͷ;޴꣬һһԳͷսܹ֮׾ٵĽնɱ漴Щʵû֮УһӣЩʵʾܵᦵĿƣת֮ɱЩ֮С
սᦵóǰһЩħʿΪƴķ֮սսϴӶᾫѪͻǡ
һΣĸݣֱӶĻǣЩΪսͶս֮С
˵һ޴Ĵ
ͷ޴ȻǶͨԳĻˡ
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ԵˮҴڸǵϹſͿܷˣ͵һЦ
İɣ磬ƿҲȲ㣬ǿƿܾԲȥˮһЦһģǧ߿ܺȻս֮ϡ
ԵҲһģǰҲ˴Ŀܣĺתۼͽͳ壡
ģɱǣ
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˵Ŀ֮£Щ֪ηĿܶʱ޴˼˺
£ôĿܣĿսϼĿܣ̲ס۾
Щܵʵиеͣ󲿷ֶĿܣǽᵤĿܣԪӤĿǸˣֻռİٷ֮һҡ
ǼʹƳôĿܻ˾ȡ
Щסˣͷ弶ʵ̫ǿ󣬳ǳ֣ûܹסǡ
֮еĻǿɲͷ弶֮꣬пǧɽħɵĻǴЩʵҲҲǽᵤңʤ࣡
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ִܹĴ඼Ʋ磬ǽֵַز۾ݿҲûеڶˣ˶ĻǶ֪Ҫжٵɱ¾ܴ롣
ʷ֮ҲûУһĶպյħ뢣Ĵɻ⵽ʿϽɱƾе;ӵ˿һɵ
ǣ֮ӵͷ弶֮ᦵ
Щʿ֪֮лһͷ弶ĻӶҪɳˡ
նɱһͷڻδüѾͱ֮Уʱ֮кڻڲϵİţΧĽħĻǿ³һ˿ɫĻ治źڻꡣ
ԭ֮гĻǻҪٶһ
ȻҲ׸֮еĻҲʧأս֮ÿһǵĻǶᱻȻʧأһһȥͷǵûʧС׬һ㡣
ʱͷ弶Ҳͷ弶޸סˣͷ弶޵Ĺ֮£ͷ弶ڽڰˣϵĺϵĴɢۡ
оâһһͷ޴ĻͿ͵ĳ˳һͷ弶޾һצ
飡һ漴ֳȥ
ͷߣ۾гһˡ
ն˾Ǳ⼸˵סû뵽ǣ
ɱǣͽ֮ðһźõĲ֮ͷ弶갵˲˲٣һμս֡
ۣͷ߾Ÿͷ֮в¶ǻԴȴ޷Ӧ׼˾ͷһᡣ
Ȼͷߵ۵ķҲס㣬βһ飬֮һ
ͷߵˣס֮徹Ȼ죡
ɣͷߴһ
ǿܣһƬҲ޼ƿʩ
𣡡˭֪һţĹͬһ˾ͷߵϡ
飡Щޱȣ۶޷ȫסĹ˲䱬ѣͷߵ˲ǧѪţ
أͷ߳ʹ֮£һɣһצ˾ͷߵϣһԾ뿪˾ͷߵĹΧͷ߾ö찼ݵ壬ھͷ߾Ŀ֮нԭ
𣡡ʱҲһ
ޱǱı˵ϣӸǱҧסͶã
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ͷϵãȻܼȣ
ͷȴһ㣬ʱҲѱ
ͣצһֻצӶû˾ͷߵ֮Уݺݵһһ޴˿ڣͷ߽һ嶼һצ˺ѣ
ߣߣͷƴ³һڶ󻮿ռ䣬û֮С
񼶱ʿ֮ɱΪѾ˿ռĹ򣬿ÿռͨѣ
ߣЦһһڵû֮У漴֮дһռ䶼飬һɵĴߡͨһ˵ϡ
ͷߵһͷ­ѾڵᴩǼʹͷδȥ岻ϵţ
һҪһͷ۾ͻȻѪɫ
ҪԱЦһֻĸһɫ˲佫ͷ
ͷֻԼһڵƾʧһ㣬۾ͷδ߶ûһ˿ķӦ
͵ǰҪԱûлᣬħһͨڣʹ弶Ҳδѡ
ǰЩ弶޲ȫʢʱڣȻҲпǿѡ
Ͼģһָܽ
ͷֻʣ˰ڵֱˣԷʲôˡ
ջһͷ͵һЦͷߵ֮С
飡ͨԳŷԴһȭʱԽѡ
꣡ݴ̴˷ëĲҧϣէȻͷ弶ޱʧȥϢ
ᦣһһֻֻɫĳû˷֮Ун֮С
Ȼ꼫ᦵǰκλǶûеֿ
ͷ弶Ҳ㹻æϺһˡ
̬ͨȻûʲôսǾᦵ֮󣬻ᱣɵɵʵҲᦵˡ
Ȼʱ޼ĻҲô׵ıͽǵʱ޼бɣɵĻҪ޼ĻҪЩֽˡ


481 
һһӾʧȥͷ弶ޣҲ˲Сĳ
ͬʱҲӪѹһڶսһ汾ͺܳԿֻǿֵ弶޵Ľ
˲նɱͷ弶ޣЩڸ߿֮дһĻʿ˵һĹ
弶Ҳ˿ռͨĳڣʹ򲻹ܻܵģΪĸĴڡ
ֱþĸ֮еľͷ߸˳׶Ͼ˾ͷܵĿܣȻҪնɱͷ߻ޱȵļѡ
Ĵʿ˵һԷ֮УʩչʲôЧֶλɱԷ
ǿķ̲סʧľĸһۡ
ͱƾһٴ˿·硣
ɱһϹһСһͳȥ
һϾС趯û磬һҵˡ
ԵˮȻǵһξ˹ģսǸͶܵģϰˣеķͣǧ߿Ƕ˵Ĳ֮£оݣɷ֮سɱ
һҪĿܣ˾ͻѸʣĿԶ룬漴㴫˾޴ıը
ԼãʹЩһܵᲨʯĹͻԥԱ
һҲţͲҿЩܡ
ɣͻᱻЩ׷Ŵ򣬵ǴɣͿҪݻЩܵʱЩܾԱ㲻ԼҪȥ
𣡡ЩܽսôԶսһʱ޿еĻоͽû
ڿܵԣЩܹܳ׻𣬷ҲжôЩҲȫôһֹ֮Уپ߿ܳױϣԱʯѾĹ˷ĩ
ɱ¾Զսǣ
ǧ޺ʿڿвϵɱ棬飬вϵڿײ
ÿһÿһ붼޺
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ѪҺʮԭʥıԭ˵ĺ죬ջѪҺѾʮԭΪһ壡
ۣյĽսҲ̲סһѪһһͷ޵Դ֮С
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ʹڳ֮ɱ˲գ۵ħɣҲ̲ס˿ڿˮǰܹѾǵļˣһЩΪµʿŤͷܡ
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죡߻ħˣһ͵֮ϣһɱӿ͵֮У
𣡡͵һϵɷ;Ȼǿ˼֣
죬һ޷ѹƣɶͷѾ˺顣
͵ʵ֮ǿԶԶɵǷڵһӴɳ˴
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Ѿȥ꣬ͶΪԼħѾ׵ˡ
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ޱǿɷ֮£ħһγ֣ʼʴ͵һħƣͽ᳹ױһʬ⣬һĵ·
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óѹħķڣҲûʲô취ܹħ
һͿ˵Ǵˣ
䣡Ȼ䣬ϵɷˣ˿յֽ˲ͱֲɷ֧飬䶯
ѹס˿մһһͬһס͡
ֻ֮һ˹ⲻϾϵɷ
ʮ¾˰壬ڻ۵ɷεǿһССķϵķܹġ
ͣѶ鿴ڴ֮бѹ̲סһ
ͷ棬ɱ죬⻹ʶ
𣡡һס͵ķ˲ըѣ
ۣȫѹ͵ʿֲɣ˳ȥ
𣡡˫һ˫͵Ĵ˵棡
䣡ѩ濹Ȼѩ濹Ȼˣ
ͣҪȥȴһָֻסˡ
ȥѾħײϣĿ쳤Хһޱϧ˵
ͨħʿһ徲ĵطδܽħѹȥڣǿֲɷȴʹǳ˻ңԼ޷ѹħ˵Ľˡ
𣡡ֻϺڹһڿն
ʦ
ɣҡҡͷʱѾǳħˡ
䣡ͷĳսɱ¾ɱ¾Ψһ
ͣһѪһʿͱضϣʿһҲһצԴ
𣡡һһȥ֮һ˿΢ɷ͵֮У͸ΪͬһͷҰһսϲͣɱ
Խɱ¾;ͱԽڵɷԽǿ͵ıɷѾʼ۳һͷʯ
סͷʴһ͵ϡ
ȴ¶һЩЦݣԼϵѪմմѪҺ
˻ľٶЩڼΪ޶̲סһ
⵽˻ǹ
ͣʿҲˣһ⼸ͷ޵Դͱһâն


482 ɷ
𣡡ɷ𣬴޾Ȼ⾪ɷ壬ã
𣡡ʮ׻ʽҲһ˿ɷƣһâͬһ£
ңһһֻ³һڻһڿγһ㣬Щâ¡
ŭһβһɨݺݵĴ͵ϡ
Ŀ룬弶ȫһҲֻһצβһɼǵ˺ۡ
ǿɷ֮λӵɷʿдΪȡ
ɷͨ죬һɷոһצѾЩɷڣԼʵǿӲĽЩɷˡ
磡Ե󾪣ȻѾ˲˹Եһ۾ϳԼ˶Ĵ硣
ȥסԵ
﷢ëȻЦݣ˫ֻΪצĿסβ͡
ߣһһڻڿ۳һ޴ʯͷ
ࣣʯ֮ͻȻðһŻ棬͵͡
䣡ֱӱһʯУʯ͵ײ˱֮ϣı˲ըѡ
µϣԵ
弶ȫһһԪӤʿﻹлĻᣬĪ˵ԪӤʿǱĴ˵ȻʿҲܱ֤˵Ľһ
뿴ըѵıЦһ֪
𣡡ͻȻ䣬ڳʿһֲ
ɫһȻ
ɲǼ䣬ޱȿֲѹս
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СӻȤƶ֮ϻȤζĿ赭дնɱ弶ޣ·ڿϷһ㡣
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ˣ弶ޣȻʿ弶޾Ȼôˣ
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һӣеһɨ˲ǧ͵С
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һ˲ըѣ޴ıըʮԭΪ֮
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˻һĻʿ̲סһĻʿԼĵľ
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һöֺң΢΢һЦ
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ǱӰֻ֣Ӱӵĵطȫʼջۡ
ĽŵµӰһ䣬ʱΪһգ
⡭
ĿŽɵĿ֮дһ˿˼飬ŽҲһĿűģȻǻʿǶͨЩţ˵Ѿͨķˣ
ЩӰγɵĺͬһϣһʱ֮侹Ȼá
Ȼһ˲䣬ϵɷɲǼۣɷ˳弱ͣסĺԵֵ
һϵķ任
ۣ֮һն£
꣡һ
ǡŻеĳ̲ס˳
նƵһЦֻ⽣һһ˺ۡ
һۼ׾ֽͬƬһ㣬޷ն
նһ㣬նרԸģնǰ͸ûκεĵֿ
֪ƵӵնĻһᾪвܡ
նҲ鱦֮ϣʮ鱦
⽣ΪննҲնϵֱ޷㡣
նϵȣ⼸նɱ޿˵һЦˣ֮ûпɱԣ
ûмǴĻҲһ˿ѪǴѪѪƿͷ·ڿһֻһ㡣
𣡡ħ͸ͲƣҲȥΪһͨĽԼ˴˺
Ǳն˼ѾήҲ͵֮С
ҽһ㣬һնѾ͵֮У
𣡡ĲҽնκӵѪ鶼ſƵЧܹȵնĽâ̵ޱȵʹࡣ
мͷǱնĽâУֱӻ˹ȥ
âնˣοǱնУһҪλá
ʹǱħͻʹ࣡
磡Եŭе۽͵һâ
ǰ潣㻹ʸ񣡡һץͽһâץС
ۣĵ˶ûзӦԵϾѾըһѪ
һһЦ
ʱ֮ǰסһâѾʧĸɸɾ
磡ˮһæһƿʯ鵹Ե˿ڡ
ԵŭһȻþһȻ˻ɵ˺Ҳ˴Ŀľ嶼ըûˡ
ȻʯΪԵԵеĹâȴԽԽ


483 Σ
죬죡£ˮϵĵҩ˳ҪǮĹԵС
ȴֵסԵʧ
ҡҡͷɣ
ҾԲᣡˮͣڴ֮зţϣҵʲôܹԵҩƷ
εҡҡͷԵѾһˣһԵԪӤնˣȻԵԪӤڵΪһͽ׵ӱɡ
ǴʱԵԪӤѾ˲嶼˵ˡ
ʹԸְæԵڵ״̬ǶһڵĵӶ첻
ˣȻ䣬һ𣬾ŽҲ¶˲˼ɫ
ޱȰ
վڱ϶ܸܵޱȰǰŽɺͱĶ¶˲˼ɫǾȻԼ˲٣ڵв̶ͬȵ
컯飡ˮץסһһ㣬һɫСԵС
䣡˲Ե壬컯ҩ֮£Ե徹Ȼһٶȸԭ
ԭʯ컯ȴ̼ӿ
Ե΢ϢҲһ̽ǿԪӤȻήҲ񣬵ȴûɢв
⡭ǡĶˮ
ϹӶ֪һжһűɫСĹͣʿûа취ˣȻһűɫСκˣ
֮Ĵ˿Ѿû˻ʿȣȻһϲ֮Ĵڡ
Ȼһ֮΢ͽľΧ֮ͲһΣ֮е֮磬ǶڱֻܿԼŬһž֮ϡ˷ָ֮궼δյô֮Ļʿ˵һء
ŽҲ¶һ˿̰ˮĿ֮Ҳʼһ˿
ŮϻֱɫСĻôɱԵҲϧ
ڻʿ˵ÿһ֮Ϊɹ󣬾ǻǧ꣬ǻ֮Ҳδػһ컯϶١
ʲôŽǿԼɱ˶ᱦĳ嶯˵ʲôԶԶӶΪҪⶫŪϼŵĻ׻Ҳʲô⡣
ˮȻǰǲһɵϣںԵһʱ䣬ͼʶߵĳ
ʱˮû뵽Ժ飬ֻҪȻԵˣǱŽôһʣˮ֪²ˡ
컯ⶫ˵ֻһң۾ҲֻӵС
ľԼڶʱ֮Ҳòһ컯ˡ
֮ǰ˵ľ֮ǰ۳컯СĿڴһﲻ컯鵱ȫǶӣ;֪СһǰûٳԹ
һԵĸˣһѰ󣬵ôƭСǲ컯ͣﻹǲмɫ
ͻͨѰ󣬴Сƭ컯飬֮ǰõʮһָˮԵ
ˣԵͱһ߽Ӳʬˡ
Ҳ˻ʿ죬ˮֻһŵĻԷԼô˵棬ǻʿҲδػɱ˶ᱦϾʹɱҲδŪ컯顣
ǻͻڣˮϻ컯飬ûʿϧһɱ˶ᱦˡ
ˮԹԵİ컯齻ŽҲδػŹ
̰ģһžͻҪţˮȫЩҲš
֪żȻõģˮ˵
Žһ֪ˮô˵ָһסˮ־ҪˮĴ
ǣͻȻˮǰͱһסˡ
һŽɣѩ濹Ķδ̫ҷ˰ɡ
ŽЦһ˲˵Ҷ̣ƽ֣
üͷһ壬ŽǴ⻰û
Ȿѩ濹ĶΪҪƽ֣Цһ
ǻڵΪȾŽɻڻҪ߳һΣ־ŽɾԲĶ֡
Χǻлʿģ㲻Ӧҵʱһ˭ҲŪ֣ȻǻڣұʵеġŽЦһ
ã㣡ҧҧƽܱʲôŪҪá
Žʲô˲
ˮȻ֪ʿģȴֻĿʿá
𣡡նе͵֮оͬʮСڲͣĴһ㡣
߰ɣѾ˷̫ʱˣһѶĴ˵
ˣһһֵǸȡ
ȻˣôϵĶȻҲҪȫջˡ
˲Щʯҩͼ¼ȴһҪջģǻƿԲںضϣҲΪС
ȻضɱҲŪضϡ
һ𣿡ŻϢŤͷʵ
ˣնҪҲˣЦһ
ƴһȱˣϵʿ¶ѳɼɽ嶼ˡ
෴һѪˣɱ¾˵Ǽҳ㷹Ͳǿӵбߵʸˡ
ѾˣôȻҲûϵıҪˡ
Ȼôɡ⡱ȥҪնܾ֮ĥ
ƳЩʿһۣЦһһնһֲĽâ˲佫һɽжϣ
㻹ôȤζƳһۡ
ʼ򣺡仰˵Ҿú֡
ûСʹʹĶȫ֮󣬶ѳһСɽˣȴûзͼ¼Ĵڡ
඼һЩҩʯ֮ĶЩȻֵǮʵ̫ˡ
ӵ͵Ŀռ䱦֮ϰԵĶҪƷ֮Уڴ֮ҲǷһЩʯ͵ҩ
ûУüͷһ壬ŻڵϹӲдһ
ôͰʿˡһ
̲ס˷룺Ϊ˭һϲŶ
ͼ¼¹ش󣬾ǽ֫ҲһҪŪ֡
ȵȵȣһһŮƺһϵȰŪ֣ƿ˰Եһۡ
Ҳá˵ͷֻһת˲ͽԵˮ°ߡ
ɽӰŽڶؼλģŽɴ󾪣ڷɽӰϵĹȾŽɻҪǿ
Ҳѹ־Žɻ˵ʧ̬Žڲ⴫ͨ


484 
Ƴ˾Žһۣ֮ܣ
㡭Žɴŭ
ۣһ˲ͽŽɵļ粿͸Žɶ˱֮ϡ
Žƺһһתһâͱ飬ǼǸѪȴô׵ʧ
Žڣˡ˵Ц·ڷйеᡣ
㲻Ļͱ죡һ
˶ܿʵԶԶھŽɣǱҲ޷׵ĻܾŽɡ
ʵڱ֮ϣ컯Ȼ󣬵Ϊ⼸Ͼֵ̫ˣõҲҪòС
һ
ҽһһֻѪץҽ֮ϡ
䣡һϿֲĽ˲ͽֻû
ţһ˿ŭֲĽֻ֮־Ȼû˿ķɡ
Ŷв֮£ָһ˿𣿡ƿѾεֻʣ¹ͷЦһ
ֵֻ˾ȻͣʱȻɷ죬вѪ˿ȴҲһ֮
ӣһֻĽϻ֮һڵĳһ͵ĺ󱳣͵Ķ˱֮ϡ
ͣһֲıۡ
㲻Ҫˣƺһһ۵ı˲ɢ֮䡣
ʦһҪ
ͨһ˱ĵǰ
һǰ˾Ϊʦǿ⣬ʲô
ˣҲܾܿĥһ˿㡣
֣֪Ϊٶѩ濹ɺεȵѣѩ濹Ļҵпڽͻһĺ
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Ȼ֪͸⿴ţ㻹ܰʬĺһ
ҡҡͷڴ˰лʦĽ̻壬⹬ͻʦ𣡡
˵գϵȹ۽˱ġ
Ĵ󾪣ˣѩŮǱŹ֮ڵıҲѩŮѹƣڵı
鵭һЦЩͽͽ˵ԶԶҪһѩ濹Ҫ
䣡ûѩŮ۵ѹƣڵı˲䱩ߣһɵʿ˲ͱ˱
ŽɺͱҲǱֲı
ˣΪһˣ־ŭ
ѾǵıˣǵûѹƲڵıӵĿ񱩡
˵һжֵõģлȻһѱ
նȥ
ֻЦһжʱ۳һ⣬
˫ཻ޷ŵǣеĽ⾹Ȼбɢĺᣬ˳ŽӵԼ֡
üͷһ壬һ𣬱ըѡ
֮壡Ͽֲĺ̾˿
鷨һֻΧǧѱһ˲ۣ
ÿٶȣҲһָסˣʹǻҲδܱĸˡ
˼ЦһһɫĽڿһģԲٶȣԼΧ𽣡
飡ɲǼ佣գڿвϽ֯
ۣɫһףһѪ˳ͬߵķһ㣬䵽˵ϡ
ЦһǿƶڵϧҲֵز
еĻ𽣽Ҫ֮ʱһɫĳһ𣬾ȻĻɫ𿪡
ѣαնɱһɫʿ鵲
㣿ܣ󾪣ɫʿȻͳһģһ
Ǵʱֻʣ°׹ǵֻץסԼҽţǰʿðġ
Ҳǻʿʶ㣬ͷӦ
⻯۾ݶһһ֮ͨУƺҲû˻ͨ
ѣ̫ˣ̾һһӣ͸оԼҽһɣת˲ʧˡ
ΣҾͲ㻹ܷˣЦһ
𶼱Ūİģοһ߻
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ӷʩɱ¾̫أΪΪ֮жʱʢնǿֲķڱΡ
Ħ֮˭ˣŽһ㶡
ǾŽôΪĺôΪ۾ݣҲֻͺ¿ӵ˿ֲķ⡣
ǲ¶һ˿ЦݣѿҺõȣ
֮һµĺߣѿҪ֪Ħ¹ʹǶôҲǼ򵥵顣
һ飬гûͷ֮⣬ȻҲͳһģһ
⻯һͬʱӵ⻯ǲ¶һ˿ЦݣƺҲûô
ֻϷʢ֮һ޴ķʼۣ
޹𣡡ĺ;Ž̲ס˳
ӷҷȱһţһ޹ͳ׳ͣ޴ķ񼸺׶ᴩ
Σɱɱ𣡡һ
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췣֮ףǧ׵磬һſźɫ
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䣡޹ȫݺݵ߲ʹâ֮ϣ׵޹ֱ֮ϣһȭһȭȻ߲ʹâһ˿
꣡ĺɫ߲ʹâ֮ϣ˲ըѣֲĺڿŰ߲ʹâ֮׸ǡ
ﻹԪӤʿ廹࿴Ĺ֮ж
һֻһ׹׻ȫʩչ˲ͽԲѵԵս֮С
ҲǴһ⣬ˮ֮С
Ħ֮УĦɿԼΪǧΪɫķʿҲֻܿЦһ
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485 
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һ֮Ȼܹﵽֵزڽ֮ϵΪ˵ھ֮۷ˡ
ʹԽ۵ŽڣҲ޷һ
ڱı֮Уһ˿ȴʼձֲ
һ˿΢ķǺҹ֮еһյƣԵޱȵҫۣ
Ҳ¶һ˿ŵɫһ˵ǺޱǻʿҲδܹ߽µʿûа취
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ϵɻնһâһյû֮С
ۣ͵ĺ
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ˣĦɻͿؾ˿յ˶޷ؾȴΪĳ£Ϊһǧ
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ң˻ץסʱͬʱʩչʶĽϵɻնͬһʱ
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ƵĿһۣ߻ƵĶΪߵΪġתǷڵһĦǧΪɫţȵɮ޳Ҫɫһ𷨼侫տ
ﶼһ˿Ľ׿⻯ܹõһ߾ѾǺ鸣ˣ;ȻߣĸԵǻƶЩʡ
⻯ѾΪһ壬ѹҲ޲ȻƻĻΪԼĻ
ƺһ߱ХųˣѾŭ߻ˣȻˣ
֮ӵгƺŵ
֮ضϣ֮еܱСܣ
ɣת߱ɫı֮ͬе߿ŷһ㡣
䣡һֲĽâ
ŭˣǺټŭƵһЦ
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飡޹ÿסһâͻһζɫҲѿһ֡
⽣â̫ǿ󣬾޹Ҳȫжǿֲ
ң
ɲǼ䣬ǧâӭЩֲĽâ
飡֮нâײ
ʮ׻ʽµĵɷ󣬺߲֮ʱжԺ䡣
ߣһ֣æǷ֮ء
־ģѾǻʿ֮սˣǲȥֻǷǵ³
ͬʱҲ´˳˵ϾҲɵϣǼʧĻ
߽һֻһµķ߲֮ʱʱһڿ۳һ޽
УڼǱ޽ʱͻ࿴һۡ
ߣֻ׹һһ룬˸ʧ˿С
䣡뿪˲䣬޽ԭȵλ֮ϡ
䣡ʮԭ˲Ļ˲串ʮԭɲǼѪȵıڻ
ѩ濹صķ羰ʮԭһʧĸɸɾȡ֮һƬѪ
ŵ²ϷѪǰһڣʮԭѪѩ濹ڵĵ⡣
ɽޱʥѩ濹ۻѪ֮С
꣡Ѫ֮УѵĳĳѪ֮С
ˡԶһۣʱﻹ˵Ӱӡ
ӵһż֮Ƶ˵
ʮԭΪһƬѪϢ˲ʹݣѩ濹Ѫ֮С
ҵǣѩ濹ΧнػѪҲͨĺˮȻѪ֮Уȴûд󰭡
ˣص֯Ҳһθʿǰ
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ضϣҿǽˣҽˣ˭ݵףһһУһɫĴ󶦱û֮У̤ʥ
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ʮ߳ʥҲζبžʹڵɣӵɣĳˡ
֮ǰʥ򿪣ĵӿأսҲֻǻµʿˣʮɻʥ֮С
ӵ߳ʮҲ
ɲǼ䣬ݶĿⶢ֮ϡ
ɱӵһ֣ȴ𵴣ݶһɱ⣡
վʮڿն𣬷Ϊ飬ķս
ضϣþûˣֻһǰһռͨ漴ʧ˿ռ֮ͨС
ƾۻᰡɽ֮һӵһЦǰҲһռͨһ̤漴ʧ˿ռ֮ͨС
ȻЩͨĴľۻ͵µʿȻûʲôϵʱ֮Уȫѹڵħ
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ҲתڵľתǿֲɷѹתƽͣѹЩɷõķš
ԹȥԵ飬Զһ컯飬Ѿû֮ǡ
Ѵ˴ħʤҪѹһһϦ֮̾˿
ҲҪѹһħ¾ǻˣһɫӰͻȻߡ
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𣡡Ȼ۾һһ޴ħ
飡Ӱֲɣ
ãħɷΪһ壡󾪣æһdֽѹħɷΪһĻôͱɣ


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𣡡ʹʱѾħͷԣץɅdֽɵĴĸ֮£ϵɷϵ
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ֻһɫڵֱӴ֮С
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ڵǿĶܹΪⶫóҿ˶Ҫʣ΢΢̾˿ָĵﴦ˼£û鵤ﴦɫڵʼϵת
ʧصıһ̷·Ǳʲôסһ㣬ȫ뵽ɫڵ֮С
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ɫڵ֮УԪӤıΧͬһֻֻһ㣬ӿ뵽ԪӤ֮С
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ԪӤ䣬綼δ֮£Ǵʱȴеķϣ
ݱ̣ʱ䣬ڼ䣬ʼնǱһĺΧ


487 ȫɱ
ԪӤ˵Ӱû˵ԪӤᷢı䡣
ӤĹ̼ʹ֮ѹ֮ʱǰıҲһ㶡
˴֮֮͵ΪѾԪӤ»صԪӤԲָٶԶԶԼԤϡ
֮ǿӹɣͼȡ֮ɾİٷ֮һлɶǰװ˷ˡ
Ǽʹ͵ĽҲǼĿţҲѹ¶϶ɾ֮ضܹ׻
ڵ֮֮ǰĸΪһ㵹ջˡ
Եˮ˿Ҳһ
նһļ£ԼؿǴĿĵĽۣʹѪҲ޷˿ڳ׵Ĩȥ
ǿŽľǰѹס˿ڣ˿ڻ
նƺ֮ϵһѣʵ̫ˣҲ¡
֮˿ǰնȻһ֮Уֱš
µһңնûпɱԣһ¾пܱն۶ϡ
ڻƵУնûзǿнľΪѹ˿ڣҲ޼¡
ƸûаͷϣΪûбҪննҲܵʲôˣ޷
ô£Ϳǰı鲻ʵ
ںǱĵ˵Ŀ֮оȻһ˿ʡ
ںϣһ㶣֪ʲô˼
꣬ܶ辶кͱϵʹԱʿա
ԪӤѾһűϵΪһ壬ֻнϵգпѹ
ܶûŪĶ̾˿
ǻ˵֣ʹҲǼޣһ嵱Ǳһš
ĸʿðŵһΣգȥնɱˣ
ں֮Ľôʵ
ɡ²ȷ˵
Ҳࣿʲô˼ʵ
Ѫ֮ѪӵбѪһںһűҲӵб˵һõĻҲԱˡ˵
Ͳһܹõ֮ʿ˵żĺô
ԼҲƾѪӳ죬Ҳܻñ˵ô˵ȻҲһ¡
նڵһƾڵҲ޷Ҳֻе׻֮пˣ̾˿
ڡ͵һЦ
ңɼľ磬ڶ˵һ֮ңĽԼû
׻֮ǿֱȥˡͶ˵
ûǣǩԼȫȫ»ؼҡ
ȻЩº֮ĹϵѾǵ굥ϵԼԼͱȻԼͻؼҡ
Ȼڣ¶͸¶ҲԼܹµԲ򵥡
׻ͱµָ֮ѰɢھݵֱͨӷҲǲܵ顣
ڷǰ֮ĶԹƺҲûôҪˡ
µ˵ͷڻؼҲޱȵ
һչأ׻ǲģʹһӣĴ˲رգһͳɾ֮⣬ʲôûдȥ
»Ϊοɵĳ
ԵˮҲһ󼤶ʿھ۷ĴڣǵĴһοһŵʱ򣬾ͽΪǰֲĴˡ
һ㣬ǻΪһʯʱ뵽ûþȻߵһز
֮Уǽϣ׻ȸʥ޵ĵʱ̾˿ֵĵһҲֽ׶ΨһһеġǴ֮еõġ
ޱȵַһʧĵṩġ
ͱ㿪ʼеɾ
ΪѾָԪӤԲȡ֮ٶȺ֮ǰѾ˳Ľ֮˲ͳһ֮
֮У֮޷ɢݡ
޷յ֮֮Уνġ
һ£
ʮ£
һ꣡
ʮ꣡
ĴʼնǽĹرš
ʮıϳһ˿ƣ
ɹˣüͷһ
ʱ»һЩ飬֮еõⷽʿܹõ֮ȻЩʿޱȵķ
ǳɹȴ޼ųɾŵ˶ɵ֮¡
ûк˵ϣܹĳ
ͱħ֮֮ʱΣأǻĻ֮ʱħĻʱǶɽڵʿ·Ҳ޲
󣬴Щ֮ɢ˿ֲĺʹҲһ
֮ôܣһ
Ȼ⻹ֻһʼƵ󣬴ɢĺԽԽֲ֮һĺǡ
ˣ˵ľ棡´󾪡
ԲںЩԵˮǱ⺮ʴĻ˲ܱɱˡ
СҲҵͳͳ˽ľĺ档
ˣ鶼ֲĺ֡
֮гǼ֮⣬ȫ
񣬾Ʒ̨ħĲľǣЩ֮϶һ㵭ĹĻֵ⺮ʴ
оΪ񱩣ɫ׵ͽɫĻ潻ӳûб⺮ѹƣҪ⺮ɡ
۷棡¿һɼ΢ֲּĽɫа
Ϊľ֮һӵ׻ԣױǶħȻƵаףܹپһеĽ۷档
˵۷ǷΪǿֱɿİԵ
ܹ۷ķΪϧĴڣ¶͵ľ׻ʽмһҲֻǿ͵ĺԷ̰ˡ
ֻӵа׵ķҲټ˵Ѿ˽۷ˡ
Ȼ۷滹ЩСȴ˾̾
䣡ǺıȻըѣһֻӨķ˳һ쳹顣
ˣˮ֮ɫ
Ө͸ıˣΪʥĴڡ
ͬˮһ壬ƺڳЦĳªһ㡣
ȻԼȫ˱ˣ̾˿
ֻ˿˵һۣأ
ޱȵı䣬ͲӦô˼䣡
չأºһ
ĳ˿ˣ˻Աһ˿ɵԲᷢµϣ


488 ֮
䣡һ֮г
Ĵ漴򿪣ֲѹ˲
֮¶һ˿ϲɫ
ʮ꣬;Ȼֻʮʱͽ׻ԤϵĻҪǰꡣ
ˣճͨ徧Өıһ㶡
֮лݲݲ٣Ҳȱɲǵʲôʱշһͷˡ
飡ºһ
һĿ⾧Өıˣôˣ
ں˱ĺµ˵
ֻĺ˲ۣ˵ԼٶС
һӣ㽫ֲĺǰһɡ
ֲĺ֮УһٻӰ
ϲ¶һ˿Ц⣺оΣ
ܲ΢΢ϵĺһʧĸɸɾ
һζлˡЦ
㣬֮ˡҡҡͷ
΢΢̾˿֮ȫ֮ڵҲһһ쾫⣬Ҫ׻ĻûаŬǲܵ顣
Ȼһżһ̾Ȼ޵ĽͣȻŹǧѷĻᣬȫڵƿ
Ȼɹˣ
ں˱֮󣬾ȻͻƳɹͻ֮ʣǴͣһ˳糵
֮п˵Ǿ޽еģ۾ĸӵĵ̣ܹʿͬʱ׻񣬶֮ľ뻹ʮɡ
ͻƣÿʿޱȵĿأû˵ĵط߶ҪһЩΪô̵ľ֮ͬʱͻƣǿΪ
һ׳ɹôƱؾͻ٣ʿٵһ⼸Ǳľ档
֮У;ûǣܹڱٵģֻҪ֮УǵϢͲɢȥ޷ӦǵϢȻͲή١
ţҶɽ֮ٳ˵
š˵ͷ
£һɣһУ¶ʱϵɻ꽣֮С
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֮٣ž֮٣ҲҴ⡣
ڻ֮ϵʿԲ
֮٣ǻ֮٣˶ɽ٣ˣ֮еʿʿһֲĽơ
ĸݣģǰɽһЩʿв롣
λѣͷΪһˣ˵
ӷƶɮԵ˵ͷ
ȻѵһЦ
ת˲뿪˽ƵķΧĿܡ
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֮٣ҾͿʿη׽ٵжǿʹЦһϵɻ꽣׹һն޴Ľâһ׵ײһ
ףֻһɱɫĻڶ
â֮׽ڱѾǺд׵֮֮⣬඼ˡ
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׽Ӷ£͵ֵҲԽԽѣʮ׻ʽѾɵɷ赲ֲ׽١
ÿһ׵綼ܼɷɷҲһһε顣
꣡ʮ֮ʱɷһαʮ׻ʽϸǴѵ
һ͵һѪ׻ʽ׻ʽܴȻҲܵ
ֻʮ׻ʽѾһѺۡ
ֵôףȻǾ׻ʽҲѾ˼ޣǿеֵĻİٶľ׻ʽͻᱨϡ
ҲǾ׻ʽһγƣɼ⻯֮ٵжôǿ
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˴ɾڵ֮ѾһǧĻϹֻҪֲ
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ֲĽâһնһ󷭹
ҲһŵˣնɱͨԳ֮ʱҲûֲһʹµ֮Ҳǳ͵
ڣһ˿֮ѣ
鱦ֻܷ֮ǿʹֻʣ֮һ֮ĸ֮£ҲС½̧ͷ­
ϵɻ꽣Ϲʢͷ۾֮оȻ¶һ˿Ƥɫ
ͿЦһ鱦
֮ǰ鱦ֱǷףɷ羰
ȴ֪ǣ鱦֮Ҳʲô˶õģҲ֮߶鱦
Ͼ֮֮½ҪĶ࣬ҲȽľΧǿ϶٣ҪϡһЩʿȡ֮ҲףЩǵɱһʹá
¿һ˴ɾͻ˼֮ҲͿɼһˡ
ڵͲ֪Щֱ֪֮նɽ֮ʱǶôݳޡ
֮Ĵ߶֮£еϵɻ꽣Ǵâײ¡
ʮ֮ʱ¶¶һ˿ɵ
𣡡е֮Ƿעϵɻ꽣֮Уֻϵɻ꽣֮һֻɫʨӳ
䣡ͽ˼жȥⱬը
СģˣǻʿͻȻ˵
ͰһЩ˺ģƫƫΪؼʱǰ
ǻΪѵס˵
סϲסĻǾߣҲҽٵķΧһ
䣡һס
ƺһһһɫն
𣡡쳹
һ˿˷ܣһȫʩչĸ֮ǰΪã֧֮֮£ĸ֮еľѾܹʹˣ


489 ׻
ɲǼ䣬ֻŵ𣬰ضΪ֮һ
ʲôŷʿĿ֮Ǿŵѹ֮£޷
ŵʹǽƵƶѹȥŵ·֮һ㡣
һĻˣԶĿָķӰڼٿ
ĺһâһš
̶̵ʮ֮оȻ׻񣬻Ȼûʲô仯ɢǿֲƣ˲С
ʿԶ͵ĶɽĴʿŲСĳԹ
˲ٻǲζžͲ
˵ֶΣҪĸͲʹĻͻδܹ
ҾͲ챬֮ܶɽٳɹЦһ
ǰ߻·أĿŵǰ˵˵
ӷʩ²˫ֺʮ
Цһһֻ꣬һֻ֩һĶϣ
һ
¡ͻȻһĢơ
ӷ𣡡ֻⱬը֮УһΡȻһ뻤룬ոյһըûжκεĴϡ
޹𡣡üͷһ塣
Ȼƴ鱨֮Ҳἰ飬ۼһˡ
˵ܹ֮۳һ޹ҲͽֻĦµĴʦĦһˡ
ԹһθҪ
һһĵͺһ
˽⣡һЦΪһѾȵ̫ˡ
һбѾԼ׼ճˣҷʮ㣬ʮεرҲ㹻ˡ
ͬʱ˻ĺ
Цһ
Ѿǿ˲٣ǻʿҲδܰôһȭ
ȭͷǸ͵ľΧγһУ嶼Ϊ֮һ٣˶ݵӳ١
һȭʵʵĺϡ
ֹУֳʤֻһ˲飬һ˲ͣ٣ûץס˻ᡣ
䣡ĵȭͷֱӹᴩ塣
ɲǼ䣬ĵͱһ֮Χ
֪ʱһ֮۵ǰΪһȭ
֮棿Цһ
֮ѾǿĪ˵֮棬Ҳη塣
֮ΧĻĽǻӶһ֣ʱͽһŻϨ
飡һɾӱǻҲǰһ壬жȥֲ
ܣĿڱ͵ϮľȻһ߿ܵʱɫ쳣ĹŹ֡
ǰˣܣ㲻֪漴мЦһ
ڿһ֮ϣϵڶĻû˸ϵһˣ
飡ȭצཻ
צ˲ͱðȥײȻǻԿˡ
ߣǻ񼶱ĿΣܹȵһǧ壡ĲмĿ˿
ȻҲ˴ƳĿܣҵרڿһ֮ͻıȻһǷȱ˵ΪԼǺķǧĹ
ȻڻĲĿ֮УǱðݵצȻһһĸԭ
ܣĴŭ
ĿԶԭξ
ڻĳʱ򣬻һٶȾȻ
¡һצ˻ĵĺ󱳣ĵͬʯһ׹䣬ڵҳһӡ
޹ҿܳŶãеճ˲ͱһһ֮У˲ͽԲʮ֮ڵۼԼϡ
һǧɵľſѪڣֻһ˳
䣡޹˫ֺʮǰһ⡣
¡ݺݵײһ
ÿֲƻµĿ˿ԼǱը촷۵ɽ塣
ƻľԼĹ
һȥһʵ̫ǿ󣬽ǽƫתѾľ
ҿ㻹ܽµڶУЦһ
ֻһһŤ壬ֲһۡ
벻¶һ˿֮ɫ
ֻҪӵɳĵط͵Ǵ˲֮أοһбеճʮԸһǴ´ˡ
𣡡ֻһһöɫĴӡȻ˾
ӡĦϲãЦһ
ֻӡϱķݺݵͷϡ
ڵδӡôһң˲ըѣը˷ĩ
ڱը֮ʱ΢΢üͷ˲ɳͻΧⳡը
¡ŵ֮г˾ֱ
֪ʵҪ뵲»ĺǺѵ飬ʱԲ࣬Ըɴ;;ƣֱӽƴɢ
ÿһ൱ڻʿʩչʵֱƺ徳Ĵܡ
нƷƺǱƵΪŭˣ֮е׽Ӷ£ھɵľǰЩ׶£û˵һһ
ͷͷ
󣡡һɫ԰׵ʿ͵̧ͷ˼Ŀ֮еľ
˵õˣֻɫ԰׵Χһ֮󣬱ʧʡ
ȻǾתۼɫ԰׵ͺԽϿգǾǾȡ
ܹݣһᾪ
죡
ʶĹ죬ոһǹطˣת˲ͳһ
˻ţԽƺò˱ܣֻһһھڿлۣһС˽֮С
ˣƷĸˣ֮ǿֲƺѾʧȥ˿ơ
˶ΪƽҪʧ֮ʱȴȻɢȥ·ƱͲһ㡣
Ȼ䣬֮һɫĹâ
΢΢һЦڣԵĸоԼѾ׻ģĿռƺֻҪһ˺һ㡣
ֻлʿӵе˺ѿռ֮ǰڵжôۻ룬Ҫ˺ѿռһǲܣȴԵĸоռĶ
ͬʱҲһɫâ
ڣһ
漴ŵĿԶʱѾɢȥ߻ûʧʲôɵӶһ
׳ɹˣôô죿ҲǿѾɢĽƳ
ҲǶɹ֮ٵʿ֪⻯֮ٵĿֲ
ôҲ뵽ͻƣ⻯֮ٻδʧ֮䡣
ⲢζȡˣһС˾Ĵǿƴɢ
ܹһزģʹǻʿҲûм


490 
еɱʢʵûʲôӳԼüζС
ĺɽ֮ʱңͿ˵Ѿɱĺ붼
ŶɱˣͻҪùˡ쵭һЦ
˼ƺûдȥˡ
֮пɲһ飬ҶΪ˸ԵĿĶ֯ʲôĶ֮еĳԱ˵ǲڵĶ
Ϊ͵Ļͽ׻һɲǣҲ׻ʿǷﶼһֲ֧ˡ
°ɣ͵ӰͻȻǰ
ֱվ͵࣬Ƽתֱ£ոջռƵͻģȻһӾͱƵһ
ʿѾвˣ󣬻һͷ񼶱Ŀڻ
ЦһɹΣˣ޵ɳֻҪЩڣҾ޵еģ
ֻһСճ˵صס
˲䣬һͷɳ۳ľ
⣡еӡϷʢ
䣡δ;ͱӡĳ촷ۡ
һ˿ɫرᣡ
ֻ˫ϲϵЩ֮У涼ʼ
رᣡвɵһ˿ɵ
ǵرǼ£ǻصǻʿҲҪɵֽ֣׻ʿرضǸʢ
룡ָһ㡣
˵ͷķʢ޹ʵʣȫ롣
һ˲䣬޾ɳգͬһ㽫û
ɽüͷһ壬ɳĺ֮ҡҷķʱȶ
ֻ޹˫ֺʮеľģ˫ֵķʢ
Ļôһ㣡һеһε䡣
ɳһ󣬽أ޹Ѿе롣
ĺ
䣡ɲǼ䣬һ޴Ĺ
ɫһ䣬æųһ߾޴Ŀܵǰ
飡޴Ŀⱬը֮˲ͱը˷ĩ
޴ĿѾΪӮһʱ䣬ֻһȭǰĿռ䣬˿ռ֮С
ת֮䣬ľѾ˱ըķΧ
涼һ׵Ĵӣһεرһǿʮ
ûзǵϢüͷ
ռ֮Ȼ˵ıͻȻ˳Ц
ֻռһŤӰȻͻĵǰ
ܣ֮ǾԲƿռ䣡ŵĿźˡ
ʿҪƿռҲ˵ƾƵģҪһ˿֮Ȼʿֹռ֮ӶݵĻϻ˭ܹвǡ
ǻģҲ⶯֮Ͼڻʿ˵ޱġ
ͲǸոնɹ֮٣ڵ֮Ͳ֧ƿռ䣬οһԴƿռ䡣
¶⣬ͬβһ츳ģļ֮󣬾ӵԼ츳ͨһǼĿռͨ
ǽļ޵ľβܽԼڿռ֮УܹĲٿؿռ֮۷ԷĹ
Ѿ֮ܰ쵽ˣ츳ͬɫǰһ޶츳
ֻҪ֮е˶˽⣬ǰ;Բܺͺһӵ˾˵츳
ܻռΣ㲻һ½ĻʿҾͲô֮ӻһ
ôͿɣֻеϵɻ꽣նһâ
üͷһ壬֪ڸʲôһһ߿ܵԼǰ
ۣ
һûʼδƵĿܾȻһֽһ㱻׵Ĵ͸
һâն˿֮û˿ļն˻ĵ֮ϡ
Ҳæһɳ˻ĵ֮ϣ⽣âлĵ֮ʱ޴ıը⽣â
ˣһâڻĵҸһ˺ۣԿڵ
㡭ĲŵĿеϵɻ꽣
һֱĶΪԼĿ֮ȱĵر֮ҲԲ𻵣ֻҪӵ֮ǲĴڡ
һȴ뷨Ĵˣıը⽣âƫһЩĻʱѾһâնˡ
֮УʹǽΪǿҲһ˵ֵز
鱦һ鱦ĲŵĿеϵɻ꽣
⽣֮ǰҲ̹Ǿûôǿ
鱦ͲмЦһ
ھʿ˵һ鱦Ѿ˲Ĵˣο鱦鱦û˵Ǵ֮еĶ
ڵ֮ɽϵɻ꽣еӵ˼£⻹ϵɻ꽣ǿ̬ȫʢ״̬ոһԽĽɱ
鱦̰Ҫֶ˵ֻһֶֹΰˣǰκεķҪμ穡
ǣ鱦Ļȫһˣ鱦ھ֮жǼϡٵģǻʿҲδػӵһ鱦
ϵɻ꽣ҲĿãһش˻ġ
ȻڻĵĿ֮˵һҲƿķʹʲôģڻİԼƳɿܵʱѾûһ˿һĹϵˡ
ڻĵһ˺ۣһڻĵʵûκεӰ졣
ɱǣ鱦һ
Ϊ㻹л𣿡ıͻȻ˱
һ𣬲ŵĿԼؿڵĳ
աѻͷһ͡
;Ȼʩչ˿ռ֮ɫĳûз
ںվһģ͵ˡ
һɣҰ׵۾֮͵ı˹âץס֣徹Ȼʼͣ
Ա𣿡üͷһ壬һһħ˲ͽ
㣡Ŀִ֮ͣڵճȻʧȥϵ
ĵȥɣЦһ֮еϵɻ꽣ϱ˾˵׵磬׵֮˲
ҲŹģԪɶݶ
ԪӤʿ׻֮ԪӤҲΪԪ񣬱ԪӤԪΪǿӶݵٶϸΪѸ٣ԪһͨԪӤܱġ
ϵһֻ֣ѾһСᦣ
ֻһɲǼ䣬ͱɣ
ʯ֮䣬;ͽնɱǣκѵĻᡣ
һֱѶصʿУȴնɱ
ʵк֣ԱֻѵֶΣȴûиᣬֱӽնɱ


491 ӣ
һз˵ͻȻڻĶʲôӦ͵ϡ
ݵһöָҲ͵С
ף;ɵĿеĽָһۣȻָʶ޷͸
ʱضߵһöȻѡ
ˣضϵǱϲޱȵƽ˵һԱΪͨˡ
˽ֻ֮ǶˣôǶˣҲֻлλûб䶯ͻ˺üˡ
ϧˣͦ˼ġص̾˿
ֻǵĵ˵ͷһɡ
ˣضһ𣬲ŵĿԶ
һ˲䣬ǾȻʧȥ˺һöָϵ
ܣ󾪡
ӵгƺŵĳԱ֮ӵеʮöָضı߶ܱǸӦ
Ǳ٣ϵͲʧ
һ֮УܹʮöָҲָضϺҲδõ
УұȥһˣָʧһɲǼ䣬ǰĿռһŤת֮ʧصĿռ֮С
ҲüͷԴϹžޱ䣬ؾͱرա
һսþ֮ͨͨȫ٣ֲȶĿռ֮ͨз磬Σճ̶Ҫǿƿռ仹ҪΣǧ򱶣
ҪɲҪǼͼ¼еһöָҲžԵá
ʧض϶Խָۡ
֮еĳԱˣѰһ˶ˣǽָʧˣôһˡ
Ҳйָ̽뷨ɱ֮йĳԱǵĽָΪС
һжŭضϣ˳ԱǲںǻƾȻҪָôǲ顣
ǻƾԼĲ֮ضϾ£岻ϵ֮飬ض϶޷ɱ
ضƺҲɱƵ뷨ȻǿԳɱƣĴǶ޷ܡ
ǽԼӶĽָ
ͽĽָ֮УضֶͨΣҲ޷õָһϢ
ˣĿ˻һۡ
ĺһһģپ߿ܶʱ͡
Сӣ͵ĺһʱϹһ޴Ͼ
꣡һɨʱһȺܾͱСӴɡ
֪ǿ֮壬𣬲ǿҲлʯһҪûв´ĻǽԪڻʯһĴڣֻҪһ٣ǿ֮ҲҪ͵һЦ
ɫһ鲻Խĺ˵ѹ֮Ȼеһ˿־塣
޹𣡡ɲǼ䣬һθߣһȭŻĺ
֮ɫ䣬һȭȻ˿ռ䣬ƿռ䶼
Ĳţһ½ĻʿΪλӵ˶֮Ȼϡޱȵ֮סΧĿռ䡣
ķǲƿȴҪ͵֮ʹĽ׻꣬Ҳû˶֮ӻ
䣡˫ȭཻ
Ȼ޷ܣôʹƣĵ˿ѷɫ޹ԿҲòη壬Ψһܹûɵıϵɻ꽣ˣһܹƿĽ
⣡ıϾ֮ӵгƺŵʿ֮ǿ޹ӲƴһоȻ·磬ѹ۳޹
֮ͣնһֻһն£ĵұ۾ͱ
üͷһ壬ִ̳һ
ܣĴŭֶֻʱΪһɫĶơ
һն֮ϣʱƾͱն롣
͸նһһգ˷·Ǳһ㣡
ҿ㻹ж֮ãĿ̲סЦ
֮ȷǹҲûĸʿڽ׻֮͸˻ӻ
ڵ֮һĻʿҪ磬Ҳ޷֧ġ
ɣֻĵĿһλεĳֱָ͡
ֻҪⱾɱˣʣ߻ȻҲͳ˷
䣡ֻһɲǼ׹һ׵͵֮ϡ
һƫǻǴ͵Ҽ硣
һǽ͵ɫ䡣
·һ㣬һ͵ѪҺͿʼڻȻһҺ壬͵֮С
ҵѪɡĿ;ǿһһ㡣
óƿܵĻͬʱҲóƶҩһֺо綾Ľǻƿܵʱ֮䷢ֵģ漴㱻Ƴ
һ涾ֻҪһѪҺڻ˳ѪҺӣһڻѪҺ֮Уô͵ˡ
ƺһѪһֻҼ˿ڴһ˿ɫѪҺһıƳ
Ѫ㻹ʸ񣡡Цһ
ѪѪѪҺĲٿؿ˵Ѿ˵Ƿ켫ĵزڱƳһ˿Ѫ˵Ͳʲô⡣
ʹ֮ڶʱ֮ڶ޷ǻȴᣡ
䣡еϵɻ꽣ͻȻУɲǼϵɻ꽣׹ʢһâն
ĻᶼûУͱһ׵Ľâ飡
ڵɢһء
֮зһᣬ㿴һʮŷԲ塣
𣿡Цһ
ĽԼƳɿܹȻһŵ뷨źͷֻһ֮뷨ȴԪС֮С
ۣȻһʶıܿһ⡣
ֻһûһĿ֮ܵС
һģֻ֮ܵд˻ĵ漴˫һ˿ռ֮С
ʧˣҡҡͷһöŻĵĽָ֮С
û뵽ľȻڿ֮л
ǿ嶼ѾնƬܹѰµ壬ʵҲǴǰһлһɾôڵ֮ﵽһֲĵزʱǻľҲη塣
Ϳս֮ĿĴأĹϵ˵ǳ׵Ļˡ
һ뵽ǿֲ£ǿ˿֮ĿֲǱסҪĲס
ţͱһţ׻֮һţ˲ʧԭء
ϿŵǿֲĺۼȻﾭһսͽָ֮ϵʧĵطҲ
üͷҲûʿӰѵѾˣ
漴ǰռһŤϣң
ģĽָҲûˣŻĵϵɫޱȵѿ


492 ɺ
ϴŭȻѾ׼ǵ˲ԼĽָ޷棬ŭӴѹ˲佫Ļ
ϧһ
һУϱ㽫ɢԪץУжȡ˻ǰļ䡣
Ȼһ˿ԪҼҲ𲻿Ƕڵ˵ȴ㹻ˡ
ͣϺһǰռһ֮С
ڻĵһԪ񳹵׵ʧ֮䡣
һʧȥöָض϶ʼδ
ѡ֮˶ʵǿ󣬸Զһ֮ģ۾ҲûжǵĶ֡
֮£һ飬֮Ҳǻ֮ǵսǼʹĺ׵ıնɱеĽָˣ˴ǰδе顣
ָͨϢϢأһ˿⡣
ڣȴ˿Ӧָڣ·ЩָѾʧһ֮һ㡣
Ϊ˵˿֪ԼѾ֮еĵϸˡ
ҲֻѰһƧĵطΪ黤ȹ֮١
ܿ죬;ɺһ֮Ͻ䣬֮ûʿټ
ɺλھ֮⣬Ȼͬ࣬Ҳͷһ㲻ʿռ˷ֵأռ˶ԴԹһʱ䶼ھ֮ӶһЩԴ
˶Ӵ󺣣ӵеԴȫھݣǻǻ־ݡ
ɺܴж󣬿ʿ˵ɺ֮дŴ˼СڵһСĵ죬ĵ϶ɽʲˣõĻʿǰҡ
ΪԷһͻôڵʯ˼
Ļ֮ٺȣԵǸƽ
˷˶ɽٵ״Ҳ֮پһҲܹܵġ
ں˱ڵ飬ʵ֮ǿ֮£Ի֮ٵʱûóֻչֳǾӨı֮壬ɭȻĺǿֲ׵硣
ȻαУоա
ͿƽɽҲ˿
Ѳѩ濹
꣬ͺѩ濹֮䣬ѡͣһ̿ʼѩ濹ʿΪ֮һĳƺžͺûһĹϵˡ
ɺӵĴ󺣣ΪЩ˻Ҫأ鿴Ĵ̾˿
ҡҡͷҲֻԼˡ
ֻϹ⻪һϢȻڼټӻֱӵ˽ᵤڡ
ܹԼϢصֵزҲѵˡ΢΢һЦɲǼϢҲֱͬǽᵤڡ
ЦЦѩ濹ô꣬ûһЩĻѩ濹Ҳ̫ˡ
Ϣݻһ֮˵ȴҲʲô˲Ĺ
Ϣķڸ߽ʿ֮һ򶼲ʲôܻӭķϾ߿Ϊñ˺õԴʾķźʹá
ΪѹƵᵤ֮ͱɺ֮й
˺;ʿòͷ֮ϲûʲôԵ𣬲Ȼ˵һ鷳
ᵤڵΪ˵ߵĻҲߣ˵͵ĻҲͣһЩʿҲǽˮˮᵤڵʿһЩĻʿ˵һġ
ɺ֮еʿǾסڵ֮ϣȻҲųһЩʵǿʿں׿ٶҪԺЩǿޣԺٻʿô
ԶԶҪ½شö࣬ĺ֮޵ҲǼΪˣҲ弶޵Ĵڡ
ɺ޿ɲɽܣȻɺ֮޾þʿ֮ɫˡ
ɺȣݵĻ֮ҲһСˡ
ھݴսĹϵɺ֮д󲿷ֵʿսһ·Ҳֻǿʿˡ
һУͺС϶ҪɵЩʯʿ˵Ǿţһëˡ
Сսÿ춼дʿҩͷ
;ܹʿѺŴԴɺ
ЩԴǴӾӶ
Щ̫ɶˣЩԴɶǾݵģˮǶѻɽҩ˵
ˮĿǰ۹⣬Щ벻۾ǿűӦԼĶ°ߣˮе㲻
ЩˣʿҲɺӶ˴ԴԵ˵
սһ˫ģ˸ҽӶᣬôʿҲҽɺ
֪ĻھʿеĵѾڰЩеĶӶһգϵʿǱ¾
սҪ֮սˡ
նݲ紵ʿԺ󱨳Ĵֻܴھμ֮УʹǸոҲ֪Ե˵ʴȾǶԼĲ̡
ھǶħͬľʿҲħ
ΪûжԴֻ֣֮˫ͬ
֮ǰҲһٵľʿЩɱһһݣħʿǴķ
ھݲħȫɺѿ
ħʿϺӳ
²ӻŮӣ»̥̥δ֮ʱ̥ĸھȡϺӳڼħ
ϺӳƷҲħʿϲĲƷϺӳͣʹħʿ֮ҲִĶ
ʿûκεĺøУʹͬΪʿϣͻǺԥĽħʿնɱ
ɹɺ֮еλȻɺ֮еĵλ֮ͬһ㡣
ɺ֮дССɣ嶼Ҫɹ
ʷҲûйʮʿΧɹ飬ЩʿɹĴŶûͱɹΧ󷨽ɱĸɸɾ
ͷļʿɹ׷ɱ֮£Ԫ񶼱Ĩɱĸɸɾ
䣡Ƕ⵺һ֮󣬾սͻ䡣
ʮɼսѹķɺھݵΧһ
ɣ̫ɹɲʥһʿһǱӴܣһߺ
ɹһȺ֪ɵ֪ɣЩܹȾָģЦһָһ㡣
׷Ļʿһʢͼֵһָ
ûõģɵĻȪָɲܵģֻһĻɫСû⻯ʿ֮С
ɣʮ֮һ·ĵ쵭Ŀ֮ʿ֮
ɵʵҪˣڽɵĹ֧֮穣ҲԶˡ
һһָȪɲǼһâû˵֮У˵ɲǼ䱬ѣ


493 ɹ1
Ȫָɵ߽ͨһսһ֮նɱʿĴ֮¾ʿոʧأǽ˱ƵɺԵǽսȼյɺ֮ϡ
һָ֮£ȫըĩԪ񶼱һָ
ʥ֮ʮɡת˲նɱһʿ˵ֶξҲ̾硣
ӦǻڣҲǻڣͬǻڣ˺Ȼһ֮ϡ˵
նɱ˵ĽֻƳһۣλѵҪǳ𣿡
üͷһ壬ϢȻ£Ҳѱʲôܹͨ˵ʵΪ
;ͷųԼ񼶱ϢʮɹȻ鴫
΢΢һЦλƺˡ
Ǿˡ͵˵ͷ
ֻ΢˵ͷôͻȻĳʿҲΪ档
ȻλҲǾʿôͺһɱ֮ˣɵ˵֮ҪɺһȷѪˡ
һʿ޹˼ɵɱ¾ܹɶôӰ죬û˻֪
սʿ׳֣ͬȼĶ֡
ԱԽһǽս׼һ׼򣬺ǲ롣
ȻǰĽɽɺͲȥˣҪɺ֮дɱ¾
һɺ֣«ưĻɻؾݵѡ
ΪʿôǳԵĵ᲻Ȼѡô
ѣһͷƱػɺ޾ıѿҪ˼ͻ̲סȰ
ЦһһβЩˣѱ´βٷֻЩ֪Ҿ֮ǿ󣬲ܶϾռݵҰģ
ֻһָ£춼ʼζ
ܰ
ϵʿûϵ˵־Ͷ֣һʱ䶼ӴܣǽȻŹЩˡ
⵺ͬʱϵʿ御ѡ
һɱǧˣʿһչ¶š
ʹԪӤʿڽǿǰҲ޻֮Ѿսǵɱ
ɱ˻ٵڽɵȴûһ˿·ɱЩˣϡ
ʹϵѾǶɱͻһЩܣʵ޷Щ鵱һ̤
ɲмÿһۣ֮ʣɲҪˣҾжʿЩУЩ˵ֲе֮һ
εҡҡͷѴ˰ʵЩˡ
ˣһӲ࣡ɴЦһ
Թ˽֮оһǿݵ˵һ仰õҲһһɱֹɱҲݵİ취Цһ
óһɱ¾ϵɷ١
Ҳǿӵм侪˵ɷ֮£ΪҲһɱ֮ˡ
ȼ仰ͽ͵ı¶˳ڽɿ;ͺʮ֮еĽһ㣬֮ʣ
ʵ벻ͨΪλ˿ֲɷ
˷ôõԴϧҡҡͷ
ϵɷʹõõĻ˵Ҳһżķ
ɵĻȪָھ˵ɷΪ֮ҲһЩɷǿͨ
ıĦµġɷԼͬһޱȡ
⡶һķţ⡶̫ʹ࣬Ҫɷʴʹ࣬Ҫܹʹ࣬ʹڷ֮Ҳûжʿܹ
ɵġȪָɷһʹ÷ʽ͡ǿͬ⡶ȪָǳͷβĹͨ
ɷָ⣬ʿ֮УɷʹʿڣʧԱ
ǿɷȴ֪ãڽɵУһ˷ѡ
ڿ͵ĳڣɻ׼ͣϾܹ۳˶ɷʿɺټ
ýʧǣȻʺԼġȪָ
ѣҵȾ뿪ˡ׼뿪
ɵ˵ͷЩ˿飬ɱɱȫɱ⣡
ͿЦһܼķΧ֮ڣҲ֡
ͻϿԤδļ֮ɺԻһȷѪꡣ
ȥģʵ
ĴɡսʮɵĽ룬ӦѾûʲôˣǾͻѩ濹ɡЦ
ȻѾ뿪ѩ濹ôĹҪ˵ѩ濹ûһ˿Ļƭ˵ġ
ȻܹĵĵǣοСѩҲѩ濹ţѾ꣬ʱȥˡ
ͺʱյʵߵﶼܵ˵
䣡׼뿪ɺʱһŻƳ𣬴ɺǡ
콵бĻôż
ɹ£˵ȶ˿Ƴֵһ˲䣬ɺ
ɹ̾ɺȻһɹͷһЩͼǰʿǰ
ͺ黥࿴һۣӶԷпһ˿˷ܡ
˵ңɺˣǻʿҲҪĶ
߰ɣ͵һЦ
ֻâֱӱơ
ͺɲɺˣȻɹͷٴҲŲסǡ
ɹ£޹˵ȡ
˻δ˵ͱһ
ԪӤʿƻ˲õĶͺһݹⲻɵֿ˼֡
ɹǰʳȻֹһ·;ٿʮʿΪҲԪӤڵԪӤڲȡ
Ӧ˼ʿɹɺٴҲ޷ֹɺеʿ
ǿƵʱ򣬷֮еĿռ侹Ȼʼȡ
ǵǰмʿɫصĿŻơ
ҲϹʿٳһռ䣡ɫһ䡣
Ϲʱڣ½Ϲʿٳ˴Ķռ䣬ݵСǧ磬Ѫҩ԰ֶռ䡢ʹͽʱյʵֿٳһռֶΣԵ˵档
һȺ֮ͺȻ˸ո뿪Ľɣ׼ɺɱ¾Ҳ˹
֮еĿռԽԽһ޴Ĺ֮֡
ɹˣһչȵͷ
ɹǲ΢΢
Ϊʮ֮һڸصҲ˽⡣
ɹ֮ǿܾɹ֣
˵ɹʼǾǾʿ֮õһɹΪɺ֮пٳһƬҵ


494 ɹ2
һΪͨʿƾɹܹɺ֮пٳɹһȻͳɺʮ꣬ɹʿΪ֮
ɺ֮ôһ˵ɹһֱǽľˮɹΪɹɹ֮ǽˮľ
ɹɹޱȿֲ
ڵϻɹ֮ΪСģϾǰɽǷʥԹʹš
ɹʮʷƺܾԶǺ⼸ȻЩ࣬˵;Ტˡ
Ǿɹɺӵ˲ĴĿֲ
ʮ֮УɹҲԭһɹҲɹȥĻɹɹʵʱǡ
ǻɹɹꪳɳһɹЦһ
ɹйɵģƺÿǧһֻأʮҲ߰˸ֻˣɹȴֻɹʣɹһǰĻɹһɹ
ɹշǻɹɹ˲Сʧ˵˹һûг
һζɹ˵˽ǣǧûжԾݲȡκεĴʩɼʧ֮
ɹһγɹɹִţ֪ɹ֮ΣأҲԲշɹᡣ
ͺµĿǰɹӰⶫȻϹʿܿٳģʹռ仹δȫ򿪣ܸܵɢݳ֮
ܲܿʲôʵ
·˷ۣΪʲô֪
ϰԵһʡӣȷǰ̫ѧˣʹǻ˲֪ˣҲʲô֪
ⶫһ֪µİͷ­һ֪ҵ顣
͵һЦˣ˵ɡ
ԹĿһۣͲ֪˵û
ץʱ䣬ҿɹҪȫˡͺһ
ǳ֮ΪɹⶫӦý֮Ǻܸ߽ʿӭıµ˵
ʲôãһ㶡
࣬ƽʱڣҲסȥֲҩ֮ġ½͵
üͷһ壬ԭΪеǶһ޶ĴڣµĿУֶƺټ
ƺЩʲôȾͲԶˣûдҩȻԸ´ѵʯ֮в´취֮ڿûġ
Ͳ˿ⶫҲӵĻҲͱòˡ
ⶫͨ𣿡ͽʵ
ܹ󡣡̾˿
ֻ˹󣬶û˵󣬿ɼⶫûеǰϧֻҪǮ򵽡
ɹӦ߹Ҳ켶󣬾֪Ҫһɾġ˵
ͿЦһһɾôһҲ֪Щʿôġ
뷨ȫǱӲ֪ӼԼȻô
ܹ֮ķɲ֮пԳһƬռģס˻ֲҩЩ徳Ĵ˵ôһǼΪġ
ΪҪıǺģֻĲ󡣡˵
͵˵ͷӵ֮зǸ󣬿˵һء
켶Ŀռ伸ݵһˣ֮켶ҲǼϡ٣¿켶һ徳ĴܹģЩزϹ͸Լĵӵģɺ֮ܳȻɺϣһҲ˵ʲô
һ켶ǼֵˣһЩɾûˣҲ켶ӵ½
СӣСһ㣬ҾɹеΣա˯˶ʱĺˮ˹
֮ǰˮ߾ͺ˵Ҫչأ޵ռȥ⼸˵Ѿһˡ
ʵ޵ʵѾˣȴħƥ䣬ȻˮҲ춼ˡ
ˮˮ޵֮УҲԸõԼ壬ʵڻʿ֮¡
ޱͺǩԼˮ߱͵ˡ
ǺˮȴԴ˺⣬úˮߵĻ˵ʿԵ񣬼ȻѾΪˣҪˣɴһȽ˳۵ˣˣԼӵһԼ壬ҲԿ
ˣ鱦ҲΪеͿɼǵõˮ߶Լ̬ȼҪԼ
Ȼ鱦ôߣ鱦鱦֮ⷲп˵Ϊǿķʹ֮Уͨĺ徳ʿҲδػӵһ鱦
ͺȻֻˣǱʵͱͨĻʿҪǿһЩӵѪ֮ӵб֮һһһ֣Ϊǿ
ټеĻܺһȻʿޣǵĻʿҲаȫˡ
飬ɹǽǲ֪Լǰˡ
˫ۼᶨĿ𽥳ֵĻɹȻҪɹһˡ
ڳʿ֪ɹƾߵֱǶܸܵɹĲ
δȫ֮ȵϢͽųɵʿˣܹȻվɹǰĳ˼ʿ֮ˡ
ɹһʿӦɺˣȴɹ֮ǽˡͺ˵
ڵĻһʮʿ
ͺ黹ɺĻʿǻڵΪǻڣɹǼʿǻڣһ˵ΪͶ޷͸ȻǻڵĴڡ
ʣɺһڵʿԺɨĻʿ
Ҳ⣬ϾͨʿĻͲɺжʳıȻˢӵġ
ɹ֮лڵΣɲΪ߾Ӯģƾе鱦һƷδػ⻯ڵʿ
Ƴһۣ벻Ȼֺ£ڵڴǵȺ˶ɹҶȡһˡ
ʥ̫ˣ̫ûкôġЦһ
߱ɺһˣɹĹ˾ǣҲǵһɹĵϵˣ


495 
ɹӴ֮˾һҶ󣬿˵ɹ˾һҵ¡
ھ֮У֮Ȩĸ漫ΪƵеڣ󲿷ֵɵȨѾԭһС
ɹ˵ǲܵ飬Ӵ֮˾һɹĴȨִɹ֮Ҳֻ˾һ֮ˡ
ʮĥ˾һѾɹ˾һ֮ϣ˾һѪҺںɹ֮С
ڣ˾һѪɹĺĶ޷
˾һ˰ԵΪȻɹ֮еʿķԣһЩʿҪ˾һˡ
ܹ뵽飬˾һ֮벻
˾һ˴һͻ֮½ƣһ˶ᣬڶ˲嶼Ȼѡ
ѪȵֶΣ˿˾һ֮бضз֮ˡ
ǳϵǣ˾һ֮оȻûһ˷ԣٶ֮ʱδڵĽƷǾԱ
˿ޱȷΪ˾һ֮ȴ顣
˾һ֪ԼһѾɹεİһһپ٣һ˱˱ˣ˶ϣά˾һٹ⡣
˾һĶ֮ʼնռʿΪ֮ۺɹ
ǰ˾Ǳǵ˾һǿߣ˾һֻ֮ǿִ߲ɹ˾һɣӵһɹȷɡ
ɺ;ݴòɿɹó˶սʵǲСǱȻк֣ǿ˾ϱȻӵʿ
ĳ̶ֳ˵ɹһ壬һ˾ƹܵĳ塣
ЩɹʿҲ֮еĸӹˡ
Ǽʹɹǿֲʿ֮͡
˾ǵһЦû뵽ɺȻôӣλʿһ͡
˾Ǹûн˷УȻʮɵͷȴŲס˾ǡ
ɹʥ򽻵Ҳһˣ֪ʥ
ʥȻֻʮɣʮʥ֮ǿʮʿӵеͷҲζţʥ֮еĻʿԲֹʮ
һֱܹѹķľݶݵ֧Ԯ
ȻʿߣȴǶԿķ
ݿıǧΪ̨ʥ
Ȼʥ֮еʿ겻ֲȻݣķͲòɵ
һΣķѹݣʥ¾ݶƣʥһս˲͸дȻ˵һӾͽķ֮дˣȴҲӱرΪ
Щȴ˾ǷУʮҲܶʮ֮Ψһܹ˾ǼɵҲʮ֮ףɣ
һڵĽɻʲôˣ
˾ǿ򼴽Ļɹв¶һ˿ӵɫ֮ǰɹʧأɹ֮С
ЩҪҽɹˮʿϣɹɲʲô츣أ˵ǲģߵĻ֪ôġ
ԻɹϤ̶ȣûܱ˾һΪεĳѾ˻ɹ磬һαضҪɹŪ֡
䣡ɲǼ䣬֣ת֮ĺˮͱĸɸɾ
ɫһ䣬æһɺ˰
ˣ⺮ɵı͵һ𣬾Ȼʼڡ
ͬһ㣬ⲻͨ󣡡´󾪣µӡ֮УֻһƶйͲ߱
ֲĻ漸Խһʿֱճɻҽ
춼ϻ𣡡¾˳
Ҳһ˲䣬鲼µıҲ춼ϻڻ
ۣ֮ƺһüĴһɫĻγ˻쫷磬ֵ춼ػ
У֮𣬷ɷֵܵ³Ȱ
δأһֻһɫĻзתţȻ춼ϻ¡
Ȼֻɫȴһ֮룬Կ춼ϻ𣬾ȻҲֻһܵ³⣬ɹΧĻˡ
ɻ棡ڵ󿪣ǧɻɳ֮С
ɻɻ棬ħĻ޳һ֣ʣĽǾͻڶһģɻǷͨ
ôķܣЩɻѾﵽ˾ǧ֮ޣҸǾգȻɻ滹Ҫࡣ
ǾЩɻһ춼ϻķΧɣͱ춼ϻճ˻ҽ
ðԵĻ棡һ
ǲеɻ涼ǧɻ֮жʮֻɻ涥ס춼ϻգ֮оͰһͷɻ棬ȫһǼ׸ǣ춼ϻΪ춼ϻ
ǲ¶һ˿ЦݣЩɻÿһֻ嶼ܷ޴ĸı䣬˺ħĻ֮󣬾ͳһǼףޱǿ춼ϻɻȻǿ
Ҳ֪þգʮֻɻ涼˻Ͼͷ֮⣬ɻ涼ǿ֧ţǱյľˣҲǺɻһ³
һСٶߵ鷢֮⣬ʿûз֡
Ȼ͵ֵס춼ϻ𣬵ǲʿҲֵܵһɺĻʿͱ춼ϻճ˻ҽԪûӳ
һλȻһ٣ҲޱȵǱ
ǰǳһӵľӣЩ춼ϻһ澵֮ʱԶƿޱȡ
˾ǰһ㱡ˮĻס춼ϻ
˾ɵ飬Ȼ֪ɹ֮ʱֻ棬ȴûκεѡ
ʿ֮£ЩҪˮʿ˲أһ춼ϻ𼸺ʿ
һȺ׳գɹ͵ĺ
æ飬ʮ׻ʽʣʱסˡ
飡ռʱѣһͨͬһѵһ㣬˵ǰ
춼ϻ𣡡ɫһ䡣
ΧʿҲɫ䣬ͨǽɹΨһĵ·֮ǰ춼ϻҲĿã˰ԵĻһ¶ܰŪο֮ͨߡ
ϻͨɹĵһء˾ЦһǰˮĻֺ˼֣˴߽˻ɹ
˾УȻҲ
һֻǰһ澵һ춼ϻʱѹȥҲǴ߽֮ͨС


496 ɻ䣨1
ӣʮ׻ʽȵĻ߽ϻ֮ͨС
һɹȷ˳ͨøո̤һ¯ĸо
ʮ׻ʽĻȷ֮¡ž졣
üͷһ壬ðһɱʱˬ˲٣ȷҲ˲١
ϻͨȻ鲼춼ϻ𣬵Ҳֻǰ֮ʱһЩ磬֮ǰȫͬնֻҪǻʿ඼ƽĶȹ
ܹɺ˾һͥŲ·ڹ仨԰һ㣬Ͳ˶ģɺ˾еıﶼǷ춼ϻɢ
ϻͨܳһͨռ䣬ƵƵȷ罫ʿ˻ҽ
ʹԪӤʿ֮ҲһЩֵܹȷ磬еıǽһӣֵȷ硣
˾ǿźЩ֪ԪӤʿֻЦһϻͨǵһذˣһرһգʿδֵܵЩԪӤʿǶȹϻͨ˺Ҳֻ·һ
ˣֻÿռһζǱ֮Ȼ顣
ǰһ޼ʵɽһĲð춼ϻĻɹ
ٳ˴Ŀռ䣬ϹʿΪʲôһ㶡
һ˲䣬С֮оʹһ
ǿĻϢ
Сһ㣬ǻ磬ıܵһѹơͽ֡
š˵ͷϲһĨΡ
ʶڣܵĶǵһΣѾǻʿǻ̲סˡ
Ҳûע⵽쳣ֻǼɵĿһɢſֲĻɹ
Ӧú˵켶һɡüͷһ塣
ȷЩŹ֣켶Ҳӵǡ
ʲôʵĲϱӵ춼ϻ𣬲Ȼ󲻿ӵ˿ֲ춼ϻ𣬶ô궼Ϩ𡣡һ
ЦЦȻˣһоͿˡ
С֮Ȼ͸¶Ź죬Ƕ˵Ա⣬ֱƿռ䣬뿪С硣
˾Ÿʿ֮⣬дԪӤʿС֮УЩʿŵĿΧƺС˺档
Ī˵ǣҲСҲһ棬һС磬ͱԼڵĻѣȻֻԻʿżĺô
⻹Χˣɹ֮ĻЧӾˡ
ǳʱɹ֮Ļпʡ
֪ɹΪλǿΪλɹ־ڱصá
ÿһɹһѵʥأؾؾһǴɹĻɹѹʥˡ
Ҳһ˿ȣĻΰˣһֱĶ̰壬ȻҲǸܹʵĻ˵ֱĺô
ȻΪﵽ˻֮Ѿû̫ĹϵԽãܹյҲԽ࣬ÿһʿҪġ
ͺһͨ·ĿķոսСʱǾǿֲȻСûôƽ
ˣͻȻ۷
һ˲䣬ܵǧ۷ײͼֵҲҡҡ׹
Щ۷ĵǿȴ޾һǰ̵ġ
ڵϵ۷ʬѾһɸˣЩ۷仹Ǻηĳ
ɻ䣬ǧҪصɣ´󾪡
棿ƺһעʮ׻ʽ֮УϿֲıҲһŴס˴ɻ䣬˲ͽЩɻ䶳˱顣
С֮еʿҲɻ䣬ܹɱǧɻ䣬ȴܲסԴԴķȺɻصЩʿ͸ɱȥԪӤûӳ
ɻܹʳʿѪ⣬꣬ԪӤŹʹ磬徳ĴܶδظһɻķȺ˵
ȴѾɻˣͿЦһһն£ǧɻͱն˷ĩ
ɻȴܽԼʳľɷۣۣܹ꣬ʹʿʶǿ綼ĺöЦ
ͿЦһĪ˵ȥۣܹЩɻ䶼һ⡣
շһֻгųЩɻΪʳġЦ
˵ͺһֱӴ飬ֻǰ׹һһֻɻͱгг룬гһžͽɻ˽ȥ
ˣЩɻתǹͷгȥ
ۣһ׹Ҳ˳䣬һֻɻͱնɱͱɡ
һƺҲʲô򵥵Ļɫ
гͷ벻Щɻ䣬ɻһֻһΣҲ԰гͷɸʬ
ͺһһ䣬ħڿвϷֻɲǼħͷǧΡ
žžžžħסɻʧȥ֧֣˶һֻֻ˵ϡ
Ͳ˲ͷĺˮĸԴħ񹦹Ȼͬһ㣬Ҳ̫һ㣬ǸոһУͺķʮ֮һ
ɹҲǼǧɻ䶼һħסˡ
Щɻ䵥ǿÿһħסЩɻ䡣
гڵϴãЩɻʳľѪ˵ҲǴ֮
ȻŹЩöһУͲ˾޴ǧɻ䶼֮Сһж˲þס֮ڵļСһˡ
СѰֻ󣬶ںóԵĶǶżɻһ飬һ֪ⶫǺöһȣЩɻŽζĽš
ܿСӺ༸ͷҲ֮УСһץһѣЩɻëȸҲǷƽո߸ϵļӣɻ䡣
ȻҲ֪֮еȻɻЩ˵ż
ǧɻҲһϴȺˣһȫԲˡ
Ҳһ˿룬ĸʿԼʶ̫ǿģĵҩҩϡ٣
ħһͨɻٶ࣬ҲаܹЩɻȫҲһЩˡ
һʯ֮ʶɻĳѨ


497 ɻ䣨2
ͿǰǧƵɻʱ򣬻̲סЦһ
Ȼɻ׼ǵѰɻĳѨʱͻǱ޴һ
Ǳʿ֪;ȻҴɻĳѨĻһ˵ͲҪˡ
˾ĻڵǿҲЩɻ䣬ҲֻԶԶıܿ
ɹǰ˵ЩɻĿֲʹ˾ɱﵣȻ۶żջ󣬵ǵûȥɻĳѨ֪ɻĳѨںδ
һƵɽ壬ɽһС㣬Զһ޴ķ䳲
̽Ѱʱ򣬲ΪԼҴ˵طǰյɻȴҪѰҵķ䳲
ɽ壬ɻ侹ȻɽͿˣһɽܾ֮סɻ䣬һԼɻѾˡ
˴ӵоĸҲֱġ
ɻ࣬Ǳһ˼ǧģҲȺһ˰ɣʵȴͣǧɻ䳲˵Ǿţһë
ɻɹĵڶأһƬ򼸺ɻĵ̣ʹСڲмͷǿޣЩȴɻĵ̣Щɻż̹硣
С磬ȾҪɻ޾ĹɻͼСʿ˸ɾ
㣬ֱӱɻϳΪ˾·
յɻ͵һЦĸ֮з
˴ҪԸ˵ɱǲܵ飬ǽ󷨵Ļδزܣ
ɲǼΧɻûзӦͱֲ
С硣
˾ǾɵĿ֮еľŵǱ߿ɻϳĸʿ˴󵨣Ȼҽɻϳ
Ҫɵֵɻ䣬Сʿĸӵʵ
ѵǽɣ˾뵽Ǻܿͷ뷨
Ȼʮ֮һ˵ҲֻһڵʿһЩҲȥɻ鷳
ѵˣ˾뵽ͺ顣
𣡡˾󣬽䳲
ֻ©ɻҲгͷˡ
סķ䳲֮жʱ˴ɻ䣬Щɻ亷ηĳžĹĻֻһͲŵȥ
𣡡׷³һڻ棬֮䳲ʼҵĻζ
䣡ھĺ֮£䳲һȱڡ
ɷ󣡡ֻͻȻһӰȻ
˺ڿв˵ɷ
ɲǼ׹׵Ȼ£͸˷䳲֮ϡ
ɻͬһ˵ϣͺϧԼʯ鲻ϵУǾĿΧΪͻ
󣡡ɿԶʮ׻ʽʱ¶һ˿ȡ
ܹܳýҲ٣һܹóʮýͲǳܰ쵽ˡ
¡ھ͵ɷϽɱ֮£ЩʿΪ֮ɫɻ䲻һȺ׵ĸᡢһ㡣
㻹˷ѣ²˵һ
ΪһĻֵã͵һЦ
ֻ͵һײ䳲˲䵹
ˣһֻͱɻٱľ޷˳һ¾һ֮ϡ
۷Ҳβ̴
ãɫ䣬Ǿĸ֮еģƾ͵֣ܳɻβصڵ̵ͬĽˮһ㣬й
͸ŭǣȻ޷Ͽ;ĸ
£ɱʹһɻȥһͳ˸ˡ
Ƿһ׬ˣ·ǵûбֳκεĵǣϲĿһֻ޴ɻ䡣
ʹŭ죬ȻҪˣ
䣡ϵɻ꽣͵֮УͺϧĽԼ֮עϵɻ꽣֮С
ϵɻ꽣Ҳҫ۵âնճɫ
ϵɻնʹһ
˲â㽫ɻնأǿֲʱʧĸɸɾ
ٺͲϴŴ˭Ҳû뵽޴ķ䳲֮оȻһͷ
ɱʣɻɱʢо͵ɷϽɱеɻնɱҲѾǰʱ֮ˡ
͸Ƕηʯ飬ڼ޴ľǻʿҲеԲ
ջҲǼϲˣһɻʬ֮ڵļСһﻶϲޱˣټһͷնɱ˵ķϲ¶һ˿Ц⡣
Ȼ˸ɣһβȴǲɶõϣһ̣ת˲ܰѶԷɣβһƳɷ뷨Ļ;Ͳһܹ֮㿪ĿҲָ
ɻʬ֮ͱٵķ䳲֮з
ϸһ㣬䳲֮зĻȻз߼ۣ綼ûгֹ˷ܵ˵
͵˵ͷʶɨ䳲ƿ֮С
˵ЩɻὫԼӶľۣڷ䳲֮УãҪҵıǷڡ
ȵȣ󣡡ʹ󾪣ôȻûзַĴڡ
Ǵͨɻ֮нΪǿ׳ɻ䣬ķֻܹ
һ䳲֮пûзǾԲӵз󣬷һȺܵĸ֤
ͻȻ͵ڿգ
ɲǼ䣬氼ݣһ׻ĳ˵棬ӵ϶ǰɫĿЩɻѣ
Ƿ󣡡´󾪡
ˣͺһ׻ʽ˲䷢׵Ȼ£֮ϡ
ϵǣ׵Ƿ׻֮ϾȻըһӡ
ֻڵϲϰţ͵Ĺûκεĵֿ֮
Ƿ󣿡Цһ󲻹һ;޴ˣͲһ
׵粻ϵ£Ѿ˺ۣīɫѪҺضȾˡ
һ֮۳һ޴Ľâ¡
ͣ׻˲䱻âᴩâڷ֮ըѣɲǼ佣ݺᣬһ˲ֽ⡣
࣡صͻȻһ졣
棬һ޴β˵棡
βѾܳˣһңǺǰһȣֱͬ廨һ㡣


498 ɻ
ոǰ׻ĶȻҲֻѳ
޴صӳ֮ʱͼ縺ŷȺܵ񣬷ܷȺǷ
ԽǾ޴ܹܵķȺҲԽࡣ
Ⱥӵ˿ֲ󹦲û
Ϊ˾ܶķܣὫԼѳų⣬ҾѳʹܹܵĶĲѡ
֮ǰƵĲѳѳ٣Ҳڽ˷ŭ״̬һеĴӵص
޴䳲Ҫϼ֣ѹסڵ£Ϊ䳲֮иݲ
󣡡˾ԶǾ޴֮ʱһģһˤڵϡ
Ǹ쵰ȻѷŪˣ˾ĵѾǸʿһ׳졣
ɻȻ£ɻȻˣǻʿֻҪСһ㣬Ȼ뿪⡣
ǽĻôһƬ֮ھͱһҴߣ
Ȼʲô߽ޣȴ弶޻Ҫֲ
ߣߣ˾ǽµٶȲּӿ˻֣ڷ֮ǰ뿪طȻڵʵҲп
ɫصĿǰһֻ޴ķֱƺԼѾһѶԸĴڡ
Լֺеϵɻ꽣Ͳ˼ֵ鱦֣ѶԣҲȫˡ
ˣͣ˴űĳͣ͵Ķ֮С
ͻû⣬ǵȵ֮ʱѾ̫ˣͻȻƮƮȻģ꾹ȻԼĿƿʼ塣
Ͱһ֮С
Ƭ̹͵ͱ֮һԴģ·޴һ㡣
͵״Ҳǲ࣬һĿ档
ɻܹ˵ѾֲˣȴֲȻܹӰ˵꣬ɡ
ͱһʿǿͻȻӦ¶ҪС
޷Ҳ޷ѣĿֲҲѹ˾ĻһҪӡ
˹弶Ҳδظ
ϹʿôģȻС֮лֲֿ棡
ҡҡͷȤɡ
࣡ͻȻһ£漴ȥ
Ȼȥʹŭ
Ȼ䣬ǰһ棬ûа취󣬵鶼˽ȥôڷڣΪΪ
ǴҳȥһˣͿһۡ
˵ͷСһ㡣
İɣֱ׻壬ûµġһĵϻһ뿪顣
ڷڲϽ飬üͷһ壬һнУ漴˵֮С
ˣͻȻߴɻ
ʹ󾪣ȻԼڶһȺɻ䣡
ʹһ
ۣ֮һ˲ڷŰɻ䶼ճ˽̿
棬岻ϵڵϷţζ벻ԼھȻֵˡ
Ԫʮ׻ʽ˲۳һâһ˵˺ۡ
࣡һŤ;Ȼˮ
䣡ɲǼһīɫҺ屼ӿ͡
ҿʹٺҲ̲סһֿڡ
Ȼ뵽θͣת˲θͬˮһ㽫û
īɫθ֮УһɫĻǣֵθĸʴ
ͽԼ֮͵Ĺעֵľĸ֮ڣֻһײϡ
ۣͬͷһ㣬ڷײһ
£͵ͺһϵɻ꽣͵쳤ʮ˶Ľ֮У֮Ĺע֮£ϵɻ꽣֮ϳɫ׵磬׵˶ݵ֮С
ҿѪһʱͱ˰˰״̬˫Ѫɫۼ׶챻ű
˾ǾĿ֮УڿзڵķȻһΪӿ
ˣ˾һǴϲҲζΪɵѾˡ
죬ۣһҪõۣ˾ǴһȻ۷ֱŷķȥ
ɹļʱҲǾһۿǺöҲޱȡ
ʹڴϢţΪ˶Ը֮һ֮
ģʮ׻ʽԪҲһ˰̣ûнᴩ
ʱ;ҪȫһҲ޷
ʬȫ֮УϻƹһֱӶ˵صףѰۺͷ
Ȼûʧ˶֮¾ȻȫۣѪɫ֮пǻľ
Щ۶һķţʡȥ͵鷳Щͳͳ֮С
ⶴѨ֮Уͻҵһ鱻ŵĽɫۣɢͲ֮ǰЩѪɫܱȵġ
ʹѹεʱͻȻмǿϢһ߷ɢڶѨ֮еۣ΢΢һЦһʧⶴѨ֮С
˾һ˸ϵ֮ʱĲҵսͱƬķ䳲
䳲֮˾Ҳҵ˲ٵۣЩ۶Ƿۺɫģ϶޷͵õȡ
ռ䳲һ֣ڷ䳲֮зֵ۲ͨɻʳˡ
ˣҲ˾ǴΪ˷ܣҲɹɹջˣǰζ۽һһŪĺöǰǾ޽е顣
Ψһ˾źıǷʬѾ֪٣Ҳ⣬۵ļֵɱȷʬļֵ߶Ŷˡ
˾Ƕ͵նɱʿ͸ͲɻļֵԲŻЩֵǵۡ
֪Ѿõһָˣ˾Լڳ͵ʣ֪
ݳǧ֮һα֮С
ʱڼѾˣڽľİ¿ռ䲻ϵ󣬻ݲôĶ
ö۰һ׬ˣ۾гһˣȻֻ飬۶ҲǴкôٻظԪ
Ϳ˷޴ʬһۣЩɻʬ嶼̺Ŵⳣʳ۵ķȻǸΪɫ
֮еǼСһǾԲŹǰʳģȻҲ֮У


499 
һȻޱȣ궼ܵ˲̶ͬȵ𺦣ջҲǼ侪˵ˣһصѪɫ۾亱ˣ˵һɫˡ
͵ĹƣһɫӦþ˵ķҲ֮еļƷһɫķͱһصҪ
ʹ֮УֵĴҲָÿһγֶʿķӶᡣ
ܹõһ˵Ǻõ˼㡣
һصͲ˿ƴҲֵá
ۿ׳꣬ǿҲǼкôǶһЩ˵
Ե˵ͷڵϣһѪɫϵķһСڣѪɫĿС
ˮҲȡһۿʼһ˲ٵ꣬ҲǼ꣬ȻβܵĻпܻһܴ
ڱ˴֮ͨ޷
ܹ㣬ܴ֮ܶ鱦նɱʿ۾ݿҲҲڶˡ
ͽһ˿Уʼ֮׵ۡ
֮ǰǿж֮ʹ͵һܴܵĴԶȱֳҪصĶࡣ
һڣ;һԼ۵֮¾ȻһһĸԭţҲǸԭһ׳
һСȫ֮ԭȵĻ֮һɨգҲָ߰˰ˣ֮ʱҲһִʹ֮С
Ȼ棬ѹʿ۴Ѳѡһ˿ϲɫ
һС۾˹ЧڵʮϣǽЩȫˣ꽫ǿ󵽺ֵز
㽫Щ۷ֳݣÿ˷̯Ҳһ˵Ŀ
֮ж¶һ˿ϲɫ
磬Ҿҵ׳˲١ˮ˵
ҲǣԵȻûˮǰ㣬ҲǼĿһصۡ
֪ΪʲôЩϼһ˱ԭˡһ۵˵
ЦЦ˵ǰҲۡ
ϻСҲ˲õĴڣ°ͷ­
С⼸ԻȫǽЩ۵ʳˣֱüͷ
޺಻ͬЩ۽弸ܱա
Ҳ޵һˣҩһ㣬󲿷ֵҩʿҩƳɵҩãܷҩҩЧǶ˵ҩƽˡ
һɻķ䳲ֱ޷󣬽ϼҪĲλ֮ͱ㽫޴ʬŵһߣ⼸ԻǾԲŹ˵ζġ
һ޴β룬һԱᣬǷΪĶˡ
βɵڷչֵ쾡£һԱҲǲɶõĲϡ
ǿ˫𶯾Ӱ˵꣬ĲһƳɷ൱ֲĴڡ
Ҳ׼ƳɷԵˮá
ԵˮȻһֱԼǳϵ۽֮⣬ûʲô
ԵˮȻ⣬ȴòģƳɷǡ
ȻƳЩƫħȴ⡣
ֻҪܻȫħҲѧ
ӵһħҪᦣ
ȳȥǺú˵
˵ͷ֮ǰ˵굽ҲûȫָҪǿгȥҲֻҰˡ
һͱ㱻һȵϢԽǿɹȵϢԽǾˡ
ȻйŹ֣ҪСһ㡣ѵ
ɫصص˵ͷǸոսС磬ɻֶоĸ䳲ڼƵɻ䷢ǻڵʿҪޱȵͷʹο䳲֮л˷ڣǿֲľˣ
СͲһʿסһɱ֮أҪнСնɱ
ۣȻһɫӰͱ͵Ļ彣նء
ʲôһ㶡
彣ն֮ⶫȻʧˣֻڵһöɫľˡ
Ҳüͷһ壬Ȼϲʲô
洫ĻϵϢȴͺãһתһöɫľ˾Ȼֱ͵֮У˰Ļϵ
ɫľ˾ȻҪֱӻΪЧڼƷʯ֮ϡ
ûĻӦǻ𾫣²ȷ˵
𾫣
ֻڻŨ֮²Żᵮľ飬ЩڶһöˣǴĻֱӱʿա½͵
͵˵ͷС֮еĻȻѾﵽ˵𾫵ı׼
ÿһɹ˵ĻôɹܹǿҲʲô˲õˡЦһ
ɹӵɹЩɹ֮Ҳܲ־ĻôɹʿٶҪؾ֮ϣҲѹɹһܹô̶ʱ֮ڳưɺʹɺ֮ڴССʵҪ
Ҫܰ⼸ɹǾһˡЦ
𾫵ĴڣҲ£ʶţҪûֻ𾫵Ĵڡ
ʧǣûֶնɱһֻҲֻɺϰˡ
ɽһ仰ҲͬЧ
ɹȻߣ͵ٶȽ˼ʱȻûпһ㣬·һɹҲһǰһ㡣
ԴҲΪΣϾҲǵһνС磬ĶǺ˽⡣
ȴ֪ɹԲǰһ
ӦǻɹӰĻɹӦһռ֮С˵
ʲô취ʵ
һʩչȿռʿҪǿĿռֱ֮ӱռ䣬ռ֮еĻɹȻҲͳˡЦ
ҡҡͷʲôЦռľǺ徳ĴܣҾԲһˣʩչȺ徳ܻҪǿĿռ֮
ҵ󡣼Ȼɹһռ֮УôʿȻô󷽱أ˵
üͷС֮Ҫҵһڴ롣
ҲֻԿˣ̾˿
ھʮĵط˾һĿŵϵķĩļɹϵɫҲôÿ
ѾǵĸˣĸȻܴ򿪣ǵˣļƷʯĵ߰˰ˡ


500 ϻ֮
ƷʯһŶѵõɹȻ鼫Ʒʯɹĵ̿ɼһ㡣
ǵʵе˼ЩȻ𻵵ģǵˣǴļƷʯһ롣
ȥĻϵļƷʯɾͲάһһˡ
˾ǵɫޱȵһС֮ǰѾһе׼Ƕû뵽ȻʧЧ
ǰϢС֮ͨɹĴ
ǰĸʧЧȥǴļƷʯڵλȴ˾еԥ
һ۶֮Уһ۶˵Ǿɹĵط
пܵĻ˾ʵǲ̤۶֮Уʹ۶֮дʿ䱦ĻҲһ
ɹҲζ۶֮еΪˣвпܱȵϢˣȵϢĸоɲǿЦģɹǰȵϢ֮µġ
ǿŴָ֮ʣ鼫Ʒʯ˾ε̾˿
鼫Ʒʯչһذˣ˵ĻˣʧЧĻô˾ٲҲֻ˳С磬շɹҲֻ֮ܵɹĺˡ
Ȼ˾û뵽ǣѾǸ۶ǰȥˡ
֪ʱһҸͲ֪۶Ŀ£Ҳû˾ǵǣɸȡ˴ʱ䡣
֪Ҳһֿѣͻ֪֮ܶлʲôֲĶڵ
ڵ˾ǶҪη壬֮ܶеΣտ²ط϶١
ֻǸԼʶϢԼĸоߣɹΧ춼ϻ˰ԵôֻҪΪȵĵطɡ
һ·͵ûʲô޵Ľ˵ˣݲҲԽԽϡ٣ѵ֮ϾǿʢĹβͲҲ޷档
ҲҪתֵӵصײðĿֲ
֮ǰҲΪһʱ⣬һڣɲǼľͿʼͼʱһĻľпܾôűˡ
ҲһǴ֮;ԼڵĻϵʵ˲١
һȻΣգȷʵѲϡ
ʹһҲ̫ÿζ
ԽǰߣصðԽȣ˺Ͷһȫȫĵֵʴ
촽ʼѣԭӦϷ飬ȴˡ
ߵΪԽߣߵӰԽСΪﵽ֮˵Ѿȡ
ͣһɫӰ͵Ļ彣ն䣬һУһöָ׸ǴСľУʱΪ˾Ļ͵֮С
͵ڶ𾫣ʶţڲʮ£Ȼаֻε
Եطˣ΢΢һЦһһֻ𾫻δ֮ʱͽնɱһö֮С
һյĹ򣬸Ļ𾫾ͱնɱҲȫ
Ȼĸо΢΢
Ŀа֮ңĶϣȻʶⶴھͱһڵסˣȴ֪ⶴѨ֮оԴŴĻ𾫡
ͶǿֲⶴѨ֮У
䣡һȷ紵ͽסΡ
۶֮еͬһ㣬ǻʿҲҪСӦԡ
һʯָĵ֮󣬲ų˷ֽȵ۶֮Уδ֪Ļ֮£ʱѵ״̬
ףһ۶ͷһȺ𾫣Щ𾫱ĸͷҪ࣬һô
ɻ棬ɡ͵һЦ˲ʮֻ춼ϻ֮дɻͳ͵Χ
۶֮еļҲδܳܵǶЩɻɻ˵ڳܵķΧ֮ڡ
һ𾫣⼸ֻɻŵζèһ㣬ûеͳ֮Уһ¾һɫĻ档
ҵЩɻ治ɻ棬ܽɵĻ滯Ϊá
һɫĻЩ𾫵ȴûһ˿ôЩ𾫵׳˼֡
ۣЩһŵĻҲʾһֻȭͷСĻ
ĴСڵʿĻ磬ȴһ˿С
䣡һööСɻϣȻЩɻ򷭣ЩɻȫţȻżʹࡣ
춼ϻ𡣡üͷһ壬ն˼âЩնɱ
Щ𾫱л۶ɣһ춼ϻЩɻ÷֮Ȼ˲Щ𾫡
һУЩ˴ɻ֮Уһҫ۵ϹɻҰ׵ĹǼ֮ϳһɫİơ
ˣһ㶣ö˾Щɻˣ𾫵ô治С
ȻãôͶŪһЩ͵һЦɻ˾֮󣬶춼ϻƺҲһĿԣЩ𾫵Ļ϶˺ǣЩɻҲѧˣԼĻȥԼ죬ЩȻԻȻĵֿǶȴûʲôֿһҧɢˡ
ĹҲֻЩɻܹóͶԸⱻЩͨ嶼춼ϻγɵĶɲʲô˶ġ
Щ࣬ȴûвκεǣɱ¾
żֻǵģЩ𾫵ľҲͨĻҪһЩдĴָС̺ĻϵҲǸӵľ⡣
۶֮г˻֮⣬ûбȻҲĻ
һ·ľ˵Ҳǧ⻹ɻ̵һЩȻӵľ޴
ͣϽһն˻𾫡
ۣһͻȻ䶯һ£漴һ˳סһâ춼ϻ֮£һâȻڻˡ
ŶµĿǰ𾫣;޴󣬲һĥʯô󣬸ҪѾ˽ȫǣܹƾֵԼĹ
ǰЩ𾫸һЩҪô³һöСҪôǱնɱֵֵܵĶûгֹ
ǵĻӦ֪֮Ĳ࣡ͻ񼶱ѹʱѹ˹ȥ
Ļ澹Ȼʼ־壬ʹûκεıҲĸоǿ־ı֡
㻹ӵ൱ߵˡЦһ
ĸһħ˲佫𾫰漴ͽ𾫶֮С
ⶫûȥоһҲһѡ


501 
Ҳ뿴βģڻŨĵطɲĻôҲ֮Ūôһط
۶֮гӵдĻ֮⣬ŴĻϵʯЩʯϵķ˵òˣ춼ϻĴЩʯҪᴿֱʹá
һȫɵ˱汻һʯ֮⣬ȫʬ
һ޴˵ҲڰϣƵҲδܹõ
ͨʿ˾޴Ҳֻ̾ΪǸûа취ȡߣǻʿҲˡ
˵ȴ⣡
һģͳ۶֮С
СӣҲɣͽ֮кԺȵС˳
СȻһĿ͡
ͿɲСǰԹָָǸ޴ʯ˵
Сӷ˷ۣ˫һ̯һӡ
ˣЦ
Сһ˾
ѩ濹Ƶһ˵ҲС̥˼̫֮ˡ
֪֮УСӵѾ׵һֲĵز
һʮᣬû֮ƾųܹռ䣬ȻСڳһ·ߡ
ٶȥܹС˵ҲҪ֮ǰϼ
ʮҵ·綼ûܹ
֮УЩΪǿʦеҲǼǧˣصĻԼòˡ
ǰΪС׼ô˵ҲʮӦСˡ
С͵ļ򣬿ʯСȭͷһȭʯ֮ϡ
˲ʯϾͳһƣʯһء
üͷһһҲδܴﵽЧСһȭܽʯ飬СӵʵǷ˼
һ뵽ӵ˹Сһ쵽Ķ§ԼĲӣͻȻԼӺ쬣ҪСһ˷ʧصĻ˲ҪСɷĩˡ
С˷ܵĿ¶ԭòγ˾޴ҪҪôʱ䡣
Ҳյ춼ϻӰ죬ı澹Ȼһ˿ɫĻš
춼ϻ֮һ˿綼һԪӤʿҷ
֨Сһ죬˫ֶʱΪϾ״С˫ֺ޴Ե˵΢
ȣСһȣϾ״˫ֶʱɲǼ۶ڲ
һ޴ҲھҵĻζȴҡΰˣСӵȻ޷γ
𣡡СƺҲǱŭˣζʱǣҪ۶űˣ˫ּ޴ס
䣡ʱ䣬۶ʼҡΣ۶ʯϣûбγ
ͺһ
𣡡ͬʱСһŭ𣬾޴ȻӲİ˳
ѹ֣ͿǾ޴аѹСӵı޷¶Ľ֮һˣ֮Ȼ˵¡
ͬʱҲܼСӵټ϶ʮǿ˳²°ˡ
һߺ֮²ǿŲ֮С
䣡һɲǣ鶼һ£޴³һɡ
СҲŽ֮УֺǺǵĿǰһ޴ƺڻһΪԼһ졣
ȴǶԴ˺ǲмҪ˵ⷲˣΪǿľһҲûܻӵö˾޴
СӰԴ޴ʳָУ͵һҧһ˿΢΢ɫѪҺ֮ϡ
ǡ²ŵĿСһľٶ
ѪȻѪֻôᶮѪǰһڣѪ֮޾֮٣ֻӵм䴫е޲Żᶮš
˼飬ѪѪΪýƣйѪĽһʹָ·Ǿһݵĸо
ѪżļţѪȻΪ򵥵һҲַͨƳķҪǿ
Ѫ֮֮ѪҺιջ֮СӵӡǣСΪһ塣
¿Ϊ޴Ϊ˵ҲڰϣСӵΪ弶Ҳδܻӵ
˷ѴľѪһ޷ʹõϻб޴Ϊ
ʹ¿е֪ʱҲǴһ漴ЦЦСӴֳֺõ飬Լģܹʹ޴
㲻ɹΣȻܹΪСӴʵҲСӸôΨһҪģȻֹ
ǰγ֮ϵһѨγһ˲䣬۶֮е¶ȶʱ˲٣ȷȫд¿Ļᷢ涼ڲϷڵҽ
ҽ֮ʱʱĻһЩʵɫȻ춼ϻγɵģ
ôµҽҲ춼ϻγɵҽˣ
Ĳҽ֮Ӧһ󣡡˵
ͽһգһͷԽҽ֮С
ʲôЦͿŵ²Ϸڵҽں춼ϻҽĸʿȥ
Ϊ˻Σһҽ֮ϴһҲֻǽͨҽҽ֮еĻ涼Ѿ춼ϻںϣô˭˭
ϹʿǲԴŰйúõĴȻҽ֮С
һ˿ҲǴ󷢳ġ˵
ϣǰɣͿЦһûеȥ
Ǿ׼ƹ󶴵ʱⶴڵȷһͻȻȫ˽ȥ޴ȻҲ˽ȥ
ʹ󾪣һͼֲֵȴôҲѲֲ
ҽ֮лȻһڶеȷ綼ڶ˽ȥ
ʹŭнֵֻľĸɳסһʯ
ԣʱĸͱ
ã治ȫҽ˿
ĸһͲסֵ޴ͷһ޴ʯ֮ϡ
һ޴ʯ·һСһ㣬Ҳҽ֮Ψһŵĵ㡣
ǺڶȻڲϵţһСȴΡȻⲻ˿


502 
ȫҽɵ֮Уֲ¶ȼҪڻ
һɫĶÿһʱ³ȷ磬ڶλǶԭȵ
ÿһºڶ֮жðĿЩﾭµĶѻγһ޴ʯھ춼ϻͼǸ޴
üͷҪ֮гȥѶȲһĴ
ȷº޹ɣĳȥױǸڶ֮Уһҽɡ
Ҳʼδ
ͶǺڶնһһâȻҲڶɣ·ԭȾͲһ㡣
Ԫʹһʮ׻ʽһ޴Ľâôն£
飡һκڶûɵһ޴Ľâȴ˶ײ
ڶԱ߾Ȼ¶㣬ɺ֮ð
¡ͽµʯͻȻһζ
𣡡ʯȻˣ
꣡ͻȻʲô
ǰڶλһ޴ͷ­ð˳ɺ˫ۣĶ͡
νġڶȻ죡
鷳ˣͿЦһ
ȻʲôޣȴҲ֪ܹҽ֮޾ݾԲʲôǵļһ
ҪӲӲѵ
нɲǼ۶֮оͲ׵磬Щ׵粻ϵĺϡ
Ȼҽ֮棬ôϵĹȻõģԾԼ׵
Щ׵ȴûһ˿ôĪ˵Ǻļ׿ǣʹǴԴҲûһ˿Ч
ͱһŶڼٱȥ
Ļ֮кȻǲǵģ򲻹ùֻҪ뿪һƬҽشҲûа취
Ҳһ˲䣬ֻΧĿޱȵȡ
æ˷֣
䣡һɽζ˲͵ĺѾǱճ˽̿
ڸղţĿһɻ棬춼ϻγɵĻ˲߽͵ķֱ֣Ӻ͵ĺ֮ϡ
һģһͷȥ
ǲϷɫҽ޷һͷȥʬǶʣ¡
ˣһ׹һͽ͸ͬʱдһ޴ądֽѹס籡ҽ
һ֮˳ֵһĻ;ֱһͷ׹ҽ֮ˡ
ͺǽ˿ڣüͷһ壬һƿʯ鵹档
˿֮ȴһ춼ϻʯδѾ춼ϻˡ
ûõģ춼ϻѾסҵ˿ڣֵ֮춼ϻ֣ͻΪ̿ˡҡҡͷ
׼Σʵ
ס꣬ҪȽ춼ϻѹ˵Ϲâһ֮С
뿴һۣѻǻ鷳
Ȼô˵뱳޹˲ۣͷʮ׻ʽҲƴ
ֱ֮бһɴʹԼ˲١
Ȼѹƻһ˿ϲɫ
ںͶ֮нˣϵ
ͬʱתڵ𣬿ʼѹڵ춼ϻ
춼ϻ֮𣬼ʹĻֻ֮Ǵһ˿춼ϻ𣬵Ҳ㹻ˡ
֮Ͳǿܹһ˿춼ϻ࿹⡣
ˣʥϣֱһâͰУâĸ֮£񱩵춼ϻȻƿץ׼ʱȫ
ȥȡҪĽһ˿춼ϻȻʥ޵İһҲķʱɡ
Ͳһһ˿춼ϻǿ֮ȻǲС
ˣͻȻһһ֮⡣
ʱѾǱʮ׻ʽϵ΢Ķʧ뱳޹𶼱ҡҡ׹ƺһͻһ㡣
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ͲܹԸģôǲһȴǱ
ܹΧҽʹֻеֵ֮ûзֵֵ֮ĻĪ˵ʱһյĹ򶼵ֵ
εҡҡͷƺ׼ǣʹһҪ뿪ҽȴҲܡ
һ˿Σʮֻɻ͵ҽ֮С
ѣɻ޷ֵ춼ϻɣǵĿҽ֮еĶʮֻɻ棬ѾɻˣЩɻ涼ҵĻҲҲɻΪˡ
ſİɣ֮춼ϻʱ⼸Сһһɣ춼ϻӦѾ൱ǿĿˡЦ
䣡ɫҽͻȻʼ
ʼˣ͵һЦ
ֻɫҽ֮УһҾͻȻð˳
ȻǶʮֻɻ棬ɢѹȴһʿ
ֻ΢̾˿
춼ϻİԵʹڽСǧ֮ʱʮֻɻ춼ϻ֮´һЩ춼ϻ𣬵ҽʱֻɻ޷ֲĻ档
ʹֻʣ¶ʮֻԸҲ㹻ˣͲɱֻɻɵҾֵܹ꣬Ѱһ˿Ļ뿪ҽ硣
䣡ҲͻȻֵҾ˸һҽ֮Ѿ꣬˿֪ҽ֮лĴڡ
漴һɫĻ춼ϻ˲㽫Ҿ˻һʯҽ֮С
䣡ת֮䣬ⱻҾ˾һθһȭͷϡ
ȭͷ֮춼ϻȻͷһ˿̺ۣ
𣡡ŭһͷײҾ˵ϡ
ͿŵͷҹĴ򶷣һʱ֮䶼ܵ顣
ҽ֮ɻ漸ǲĴڣҾһδεı飬һδεҾҲ޷ʲôԵ˺ҽ֮Уһ˿˺˲ɸԭ
֮սҡҡͷ
ӦһֱޣȻʵܹˣ˵
͵˵ͷʵԶʤͨޣҲʧȥΪεĻᣬߵСӱֱޣȻһЩ֮⣬֮лͲܻΪεޣܵӰʧȥ˻Ϊεޣݼ̳֮Щ޶͡


503 ܾ޹
ǵˣҽ֮еĻָҲǼΪֲܹһɱҪŪͷ껹һѶȡ
λѣǵ֮뵽ڣɫص˵
շꣿһ㶡
͵˵ͷޣǲշĻ̫ϧˡ
ʵף¾Ǽ֮Ҳδܽѹҡҡͷ
ʵѾ弶۷ˣֻһɽ˾ǿ߿Ҳͷ
жַҲΪĵһ춼ϻ֮ҲûʲôֶΣλվ⣿
Īˣпоĸ͵һЦ
͵ĴǼڵ֮ȫעĸ֮Уȫ߶ħħڵȫסҪշҲʲôܵ顣
뵱꣬һָɽȺ徳ܵȫһȻȲģҲǵٶɿԡ
˵ͷֵ͵ĺ֮ϣڵ֮ԶԶϵע͵֮С
ֵľĸһɫԽԽʵζܹ֮
ɻҲѾ˰Ȼ׶ΣҾ˵˫İסͷ­䰴ҽ֮вö
ħֻһɫХƹɻγɵҾˣֱӽ
𣡡һŭϵ춼ϻȻ佫߶ȾһƬɫ
춼ϻһħһʱ֮侹Ȼ޷£
͵ͺһڵ֮һιעĸ֮УڹʢܿħĹâͽ춼ϻĹâڸǣҲһ˲ħһµķϡ
ħû֮С
ħ˲䣬μټСȻֻһƴС
ͲЦһĸθڱϵɻ꽣Ҫ󣬼ڵ֮ˡ
޷סĻҲֻĶˡ
ŸոջһʱȻһֻͨڹ꣬Ҳֲ˼ĸо
г˷ŭ־壬ʣѾ꣬ûϻҽ֮нܡ
֪ѾǣıѪһһ͵ֱӴ֮УֻҪһ˿ǣͻ֪͵˼
ҲֻƳһۣ˿ûսܵľͷʱ˹֮УҲǲǵġ
ѣڹͽˡͽֻаƴСӸ롣
ڷѧϵ裬ҪȻһֻҲʲô¡
ϵ̬ˣԽǿ޾ԽǸ߰ġ
ΣڵûбӡסĻΪҪȻ治һ׵顣
⣬ǾټᶨҲᱻȻһɲ˵
͵ȴ͵һȻʿߵ۶
˾ǣýֺҲ֪˵ˡ
Сʿ֮УҲֻɹʿ
ʱʿ۶Ҳʮľ룬ڶҲֻײһ
˸ողźľ֮ȫʢʱڵĻʿӲӲ϶ռʲôˣҶԷһڵ˾ǣ
ô죿ﲻϵԼ
˫ԲѺõȱ裬Ȼɹ磬ԻὫ͸Ͼɱ
ߣһȻȥô۶ߣ;Ͳ˾ǻһֱ׷
ȫðŻҾֱӱս֮Уȵ¶ȶʱڵĻݲһ롣
ɻȴںǾ޴ȭͷںڳһӣ漴Щҽ˳Ҿ˵һһ䵽֮У಻٣ոպӡ
ЩɻҲģ֪ϻҽңһ֮дһС͵ҽء
ϻҽ֮ŶЩɻ˵ҲǴкô͵Ҳû֡
Ҳ棬ȵ¶Ҳ꼻һ֣֮е¶ָֻԭȵˮƽ·ǲðϻҽһ㡣
һ·Ҳ˲ٵĻ𾫣ǴʱȴûնɱЩ𾫵Ĵ㣬ֱԼϢ˹ȥ
ˣ˾ǿĺۼ׳
ǧҪǵǸ˾ﰵţǶĺɲǵö١
Сһ㣬һ뿪໨һЩѰµĴҲҪðգ˾˵
λɹҲǵ˵ͷϾûʲôԼҪˡ
ɹһ࣬еʱ䣬ΪһԼ
οƾѾֵɹɹѾܹưɺˣֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ѹݶ⣬ȱٵֻʱˡ
۶֮еʲôµĴڣҪɵ֣ɹһʵ
˾ǿһۣҲ˾ҵĵϵ˾󣬽ڽɹ֮һǧٶ꣬ڶʮ֮ǰ׻ڣ˾һ֮Ҳ˲˲ţϣΪһɹ
춼ϻ𣡡˾̾˿
˾ɫĿ˾һۣ춼ϻȻ˲õĻ棬С֮пɵ춼ϻҲʲô˵İɡ
һֻ춼ϻ֮еĻ𾫣ΧĻҲһֻ𾫷ܳģ˵ǻ˾̾˿
ɹһνɹ֮ʱ֪ɹĵϸڿͨɹĴʱȻųȫĶⶫٶȼ죬Ҳûжɹʿʲô𺦣ɹʿⶫ֮Ժ
ȴѵĿʼշɹܴ֮ɹʿò˳˻ɹǾһֻ𾫣ȴɹʿ¾ƴŵѡ
ǻһֻΪɹųĻ
ЩմȾһ˿춼ϻϢĻ𾫲ͬɴ춼ϻ۶ɣ춼ϻ֮ϣ
Ĵڣ˾ĻڵʿҲһ
˻˾һ˿²Ϸɫҽʱ̲סһ
ûмǴĻһ˾޴Ķ˵
˾Ҳǵ˵ͷɹͷˣκʵ̫ˣ޷ȡɹ


504 ֲϻ
Ǿɹûа취ȡߵȴƾʧˡ
ʲôĴڣܹ˾޴ȡߣ
˾֪¶Ĳ֮һĻ֪ʲô롣
߰ɣץʱ䣡˾̾˿û˾ûˣɹȣ򲻿Сʧ
۶֮вͣĴֶѨһԣǱǾʮ䣬ƵľҲⶴѨ֮ʧ
ԽߣĻ𾫾Խ࣬ͷҲԽ
⶯֮£ͽնɱ˴Ļ𾫣Щȫս֮С
һֻĻǱɻӽϻҽ֮С
ֻ𾫷ǵûбϻҽɱڼȡϻҽ
⵹ɻǰһʮֻɻ̰Żɢ
ɢ춼ϻͲֱӱʹãȻЩɻϲȻ𾫵ƶ֡
͵룬һɲĸоҲ͵ͷӣ
Ϳδ֪ǰüͷʿѾӵһ˿ΣԼʱʿһĸо
ĸоʱ򶼲ҲζǰΣӿֲܻᶪ
͵ĽŲͣͨľͷ·һͷſѪڣȥһ㡣
Ͳ֪ǣͨľͷһȫðɫι֮С
һͷɫΧѾҵϻҽҲߵʮ֮һ
Ȼ䣬һͷɫĹ۾Ȼ¶һ˿Ц⣡
Ҳһ˲䣬һΣյĸоʢ·Ǳʲô޸סһ㡣
ãͽ㣬׻𲻶ϣ߶ʮһ෴ķȥ
ʱҲѾ˲ڳ߸˾һˣΣյĸоʵֲ̫Ǵԭأ;Լޣ˾ҲһǶǸδ֪ĴڣǾǾ
ֻñһȵϢϮΣյĸоҲӵĽӽˡ
ϵı֮һɱɫĻʱͰ͸ǽھѪŨѪЯ͵弱ٳŶڱȥ
ΪϧѪԲеĹ
ǼʹһΣյĸоûеȥ
ãߣߵһ˾ɫ䣬ʹǸԶܸоһɿֲ
˾뿪һɲǣһһӰͳ˳
˾Ƕʱ⣺˭˭Ȼ˳
ֻ˾һɫˮĻſɹļ˻롣
䣡ˮĻɫӰһ壬ʱ顣
˾һˮĻ˲㸴ԭ
ûж⣡˾Ǽúġ
ಣȻɫӰʧ
˾ǲһô꣬Ѿ࣬ˣԲ׵ķŹǡ
ͰһˮĿתƵ˾ϣƺ׼һ㣬׷š
ٶȼ죬Ѫݶ¡
Уôȥˣһᣬʮ׻ʽ
ͣµ˲䣬Ҳͣˡ
ʹ׷Լһ·Ĺ徹Ȼ춼ϻɵģ
𾫣̲סһ𾫾ȻѾ۳Ρ
Ҳǲ˼Ŀǰͷǻϵɵģ㲻ϣܹǶһ˵ˡ
ӦóΪϻ֮͵Ժ֮ͻȻһİ
ͲĿǰһͷȻֱܹӶԻ
ӵģΪֹҲֻнľˣû뵽ȻҲһز
ܣ¾ֵĿ
˵ǰĻȻǲǵ춼ϻ
ûʲôܣϻֻ֮ǵһЦһУڵ˲ʧأ춼ϻȻʼ񱩣뿪͵塣
һ˿춼ϻ̹ͬ鳲һ㣬ϻ֮
춼ϻ㲻ǵһǾһϻ֮Ц
ɫޱȵĲ԰ףӲڵ룬ʹɲʲô˶ܹܵġ
ϻ֮ȻܹѾ춼ϻӲİȥ
ֻȥһ˿춼ϻϻָ֮ⲻϵĴת
ܲϵڻмֻ㲻ʸҵ塣ϻ֮;ǿԼһ㡣
ңЦһû˶ǻ޼³ȴǱɡ
ϻ֮ͬĻʱ޵ʱĴڣͲκʿĶᣬΪ߳һȼҲһ
Բһ壬޷۳壬Ψһѡ񡣡ϻ֮˵
ңҴˣһʮ׻ʽһâն
ϧϧϻ֮ҡҡͷȫ춼ϻ۵Ӳǽһâһâ㱻Ļ
㣡춼ϻĽâתǹͷ͡
һϵɻ꽣͵ն£һ˿֮
飡Ľ춼ϻϵı׵¡
鱦½ʿ֮ӵ鱦ҲټˣϧһϵģǻϵĻһȤϻ֮΢ҡҡͷ
ƺ鱦Ҳ㲻ʲô
鱦ȻҲҪʲô˵ϡ
һ徳Ĵܣϵɻն˵ɱ͵ϣ˵ʸûС
һϻ֮ʵڻ֮ϣȴδ徳ҪݵĻôǰ벽壬̤徳ȴûΪ徳ʿ
ӷ𣡡ֻ֮һdֽѹ
⻯ϻ֮һһһ춼ϻʱͽһdֽ⻯⡣
ף䣡һƺԤ׵ĳϻ֮ͷֲ׵Ӷ£
飡ת֮䣬һƾͱɡ
ʲôֶΣһóɡϻ֮Цһ
һصĿϻ֮ȫһϻ֮ɽ£֮Ĳʵ̫޴󣬸Ͳƽġ
£ʲô취üͷһ塣
ϻС֮ͲĶ֣ڽľΧԲǽľĶ֣ϻ֮򣬾Ǻ徳ĴܳҲδܴҡҡͷ
üͷ¶ô˵Ȼϻ֮Ѿǿ޷ֿĵز


505 ʹ
ϻ֮ȻҲûаͺ߻ϣͷβһϷˣ̬ˡ
ϻ֮У㻯ڵʿҲΪĶˡ
С֮е춼ϻ𣬶ϻ֮Ǵ춼ϻ֮еģΧ춼ϻ𶼻ĵǲ
ϻ֮ΪУ͵ҪС֮е춼ϻһͿҲû
ͲϵĹעֵľĸ֮УµҲֻĸˡ
ϻ֮ЦһҪһͷҵĻôͲð׷ˡ
ĶʱԼ۶֮һһȻϻ֮У
Ȼ֪ΪһʲôȴǾˣ֮ûĴڣҲܽΪ鱦ضеǰϽ֮ϡϻ֮˵
ߣ²ĺһ
Ϳһŵϻ֮ͻȻЦ
Цʲôϻ֮ɫһ䡣
Ц󣡡ЦһɲǼһѪ
ϻ֮ޱȾȵĿ֮У̬һγϻ֮ǰ
ͬʱڵľתҲת˼¡
תȻͻڵΪеǿȴѾܹ
ʱ͵һһ֮䣬ڵͱԭ׳ʮ
ڣϻ֮۾һŵĿűѪ͡
̶̵һ˲䣬͵ΪȻӻֱ˻ڣ˿ֲϻ֮Ҳһ
֮ǰϻ֮˾һ仰ȰߣҲǴԭġ
˾ǵĶ֮УǽˮľûһӵлģʿǶҲѵ塣
ȻҲһԭˣҪ˾ǱʵͲڵΪټĸʿĸϻ֮Ҳδܹ׵
Ҫǣϻ֮˾ǵᵽһ˿ΣյĸоΪĸоϻ֮Ż˾Ƕ׷͡
ӶҪӣڽСĻʿ֮һ
ϻ֮ȴ֣ȷһӲʯͷҪ»ҪһЩ
Ķϻ֮һţѪͬһϻ֮
䣡춼ϻγɵĻƶʱһѪ
ϻ֮ŲһкȻһѻ泤ǹֻһѳǹϻֱðһǹ͵ĺ֮ϡ
飡ʱͺ󱳵۱ըɣϻ֮ǹʱû͵ĺ֮С
ϻ֮ɫȴһһֻצû֮С
һѪԼǰΪһųɫĻ棬ϻ֮һ
֪֮УѾԼһԻʹϻ֮ڴ֮Ҳǳһ
ΪôһСܴҵĻʹشˣϻ֮Цһ֮û֮еצʱͱ춼ϻ
ɫһ䣬צ֮Ѫʢ赲춼ϻϮѸٳϻ֮塣
ƾ㣬ϻ֮ЦһһУС֮еϻѸپۼɲǼΧһƬ𺣡
ڵϻ𼸺ҪСеһзٻҲǿֵϻʴ
ȥѾõľĸӳ
ڵͬһһ㣬Խ鱦ڻ춼ϻ𣬳嵽ϻ֮ǰ
ϻ֮Цһĸס궼Ϊǿ˵ҪסҪǽʮϻ֮ˡ
ϻ֮һ춼ϻڿγһֻ߷ɵĻˣХų˾ĸ
ĸ֮ϻˡ
ۣͽ˼ȥǵѪ˼ĿеһĻ
Ȼˣİϻը٣Ҳܵһ˿

Ȼĸ֮ڵħϻ֮ϡ
ԭȵ⣡ϻ֮Цһ
ڶԸʱ;ùһУȻϻ֮У͵һҲз
ħķھĸ֮еͨҲֻƾĸʩչעԽ࣬ħҲԽ
ֻ꣡ħϻ֮ԽԽһڵķĽӡϻ֮ϡ
ΪҪɹʱħȻѣѾӡϻ֮ϵķĶʱĨɱĸɸɾ
ϻ֮мƳһۣƺڳЦ͵Ĳ
ӷ⣡֮һʷ¡
ҪȻңҲ̫ˡϻ֮Цһһʷδϻ֮ϾѾ춼ϻû
ûκεʹͽԼʵҲȻϻ֮Ķ֡
棬ϻ֮ͻһս֮С֮Уϻ֮ˣеĻ涼ܵϻ֮Ŀƣ͵ǿҲ޷С࿹⡣
ܹϻ֮Сϵ
νĵֿԹԵĽҵɣ㻹һࡣϻ֮һһ͡
ƺҲ˵ֿһ㣬ǿϢʱӻֱӵ䵽˻ڡ
ϻ֮ϲ¶һ˿ЦݣöãӵԼ壬뿪Ѿ֪Ĺط
ϻ֮ƺգһһҰܵվǰȴɣ
ֲͣزţ嶼ڲ
Դϻֻ֮Цһʱ򣬾ǻʿҲе־壬ͻӱǿ־ı֡
ĺ˳͵յȵ֮ϣδѾֲ¶ȸˡ
亹ϻ֮Цһץ͵ԴֻҪĨ͵꣬ʮþˡ
ϻ֮ȻԴ󣬵ԿΣԼľʱȴẬ
ۣϻ֮ɫһһɫȻֱӴ͸壡
ϻ֮ȷò⣬춼ϻɵģһ㹥κá
㻹ûİҲգҾͳĨ꣬Ԫ񣡡ϻ֮Ц
˫ס˴͸ľĸ춼ϻעĸ֮ϡ
ףϻ֮һ춼ϻ֮£ĸȻ¶ȶû
Ϊһж֮У¶һ˿Цݡ
ĸϴһ
һɾ޴ʱ
Ϊ˶Ը㣬ʧһɾӦΪ˶Ժˣ͵ɫޱȵ
ǿһɾ綼ǼѰɾ˾޴ʧҲʹĵѪ


506 շϻ
Ϊ˶Ըϻ֮ޱɾҲһõķĩ
ϴʱһδȫɢɾĩ
㡭ϻ֮ͻȻԼȻ޷͸ǰʿ
СΪһ壬ҪС֮л㣬Ǽǲܵ顣ͷ·ûпϻ֮Ǿȵ飬ԹԵ˵š
ҵĽʱѾ˵С򣬾Ǻ徳ĴҲδܹ㡣Ϳϻ֮һۡ
Ȼ֪ô㻹Ҫνϻ֮һҪ
Ϳϻֻ֮ǵһЦõ˵Ƚǡ
ΪһչֳѪ֮ʱѾҵ塣΢΢һЦ
ⶼͲúõģϻ֮ɫԽԽѿΪܹоĵԼһһţСϵĳжˣԴһûԼĺɫ
͵˵ͷҲһ㳬ҵԤϣ㾹Ȼܹĸ֮еը٣Ҳò
ˣˣôĽҪҵעϻ֮ͻȻЦ
ЦЦⱾͲʲôļƻ򵥵ˡ
ͺסϻ֮ǿֲϢΪڸɾ֮е֮Ϣˡ
ϻ֮СһĻȻᷢе쳣ͷβͺںһվһԣ·һһ㡣
ΪͼĲϻ֮ûע⵽һ㣬ע⵽ȴû⡣
ϻ֮ˣʲôֶζ޷ֻҪС֮УͿԵ춼ϻ𣬾Ǻ徳ʿҲҪ֡
ǿʵλССĻڵʿ
ʹþתȵԼʵϻ֮Ҳ֮ǰˡ
ڣϻ֮ȴΪж˴ۣ޷ܵġ
ѾʶĸһЩҲһֵˡЦ
ϻ֮ѾԽԽ󲿷ֵȻһգһͬһ޵׶һ㣬ϼȡ
֮ǰĲˮΪĸ̫ǿڵΪҪʹҵҲһָ㵱ʱҲֻΪΪ־İɡЦһ
ϻ֮Ȼ޷һ仰ˣѾĸɣԶķӡĸ֮С
ӡĵĴ֮һڴ֮Ĺע֮£Ҳչֳ˳ֲϻ֮ӡĸ֮С
ҪС֮дϻ֮ΨжСϵΨһܹ뵽İ취Ƿӡ
Ϊ˸Ĵ۱һɾһ𲻿塣
ͿԼ֮Ūһҵ壬ҲֻεЦһҪʱˡ
ȻԺԼĻ壬ȴô
һǲϰߣһ˾ͺͻ壬ΪǶԻĲء
ͷһƿʻʯ飬ڵĿ񱩵˳֮󣬲վ
࣬һ顣ֵľĸ֮дϻ֮
ԴˣҲΪΡ
͵ıǽϻ֮ӡ֮£ϻ֮ȷ˾ĸ顣
þĸӵ鱾һ£Ϊĸ˽鱦Ŀԡ
ǷĽȴôҲ˲
һַʽһֱǷ飬ʿ֮󣬷һ˿ԣһ˿Ի᲻ϵ׳󣬵׳һĳ̶ȱ顣
õģΪǷԼģϷɿ÷
ڶֱǿӶˣͨնɱһЩʵǿޣ֮ǰĻǷӡڷ֮Уھһʱ˷顣
ַǧһַȻʵģҪʱʵ̫ԶʹһʿһҲδһ鱦
ǵڶַͼ򵥶ˣնɱǿ޶ʿ˵ʲô⣬Ҳǰʱˡַͨʽںͷ϶Ͼһ⣬˵ǷĻȫȫİˡ
֮У˵붼ɵڶַγɵġ
͵Ĳ²⣬еƺҲڵڶ֣⽣ʿҪһЩѡ˱Ҳӵ׵Ϊ⽣飬Ȼԭ磬ϵɻ꽣Ҳܷӳԭʮɵ
͵뷨ĸܹԼ飬ɻĸһ¥
֮£ԭӦ÷ӡĸ֮еϻ֮ȴĳΪ˾ĸ顣
һԼ޵飬͹;ͷˡ
ǲӦ취ϻ֮δ;ĸȫں֮ǰŪ
ϻ֮Ϊ˾ĸĻ;п˵ˡ
ѾܹδĳһԼϻ֮ɵĻˡ
࣬㲻Ҫңϻ֮һĸεĻζ¡
εҡҡͷû뵽ǳѨ˻Ӱ
ʲô£ε̾˿
ʲôͷⶫɲ򵥰ҵ춼ϻ޷ڻ֡ϻ֮ʵƺһֵܹ춼ϻյرĸȤ
ЦЦһšͰšˡ
͵ġ˵
ϻ֮ƲƲ죬Ͳ˵ġ
ѵľ׼ĸ飿̲סʵ
һбѡҪһʶڽһͷ룿ϻ֮˷ۡ
룿һ㶣֮дѪļһﵹǲ٣ƺûĴڡ
ǱϽ飡ϻ֮˵
Ŷ˵£ͻȻ
룡ͻȻ
Ϳ϶Щģȴû뵽ͷȻôһֱͶΪʨӣǽű֪룬ܹ˲롣
Ϊ֮һжɼѾⷨһ޷ֿϻ֮Ļ֮͸¶һ˿
԰ҿ˵Щܹ˵ġͷ
֪ЩĽʲô𣿡ϻ֮һ䡣
ͶʱĲ֪˵ķ³ʲôӡ
õģɳɹռ壬ܹңһӡϻ֮̾˿


507 ı
ңһӣʲô˼һ㶡
鷴ˣΥΪݣһ꣬ʮ꣬ή׽١ϻ֮̾˿
Ͷϻ֮еΥȴ¶һ˿мı飬Ϳµ׽پͬʿ֮ʱȵ׽һ㡣
ȹ׽ٵж٣ʵ
һûУϻ֮ҡҡͷ
鷴˵³ҲֻһǾ
⻹÷ɳɹģõĻʧܣֱɢ֮䡣
鷴鼫ٷΪʹɳɹҲѲ׽ٵƲá
Ǻ˵ĶԹԵ͵ĵزŻ˲
Ͷϻ֮˵ȴǲȫš
˵ûд鷴˵³ֻ·һһֱ¿˵
͵˵ͷԲϻ֮ȴ£ô˵Ļôˡ
ȻңǶ˵Ǵһһˣʵûиĸı䡣ϻ֮Цһ
ϣ˵һ¡˵
۶ľͷҲұųĵطϻ֮˵
͵˵ͷϣ˵ġ
Ȼϻֵ֮ĺϣҲô׵ϻ֮
ĸǲˣ̵Ҳеϵɻ꽣֮ˡ
鱦Ȼв̶ͬȵˣ鱦鱦ӳҪʮ׻ʽҪǿĶࡣ
һҪСһ㣬ӦһˮԵҶҪɵ֡ϻ֮ѵ
ˮѵˮɹ֮еõģһ㶡
ɹˮľɹܹɹ֮еõһЩ˲õķҲ֮С
ϻ֮ɵĻȻʲôͨĻɫ
ϻ֮Ȼʵǿ󣬵ǱϾֻС֮У뿪Ȼ֪ɹǺˮɹǺˡ
ϻ֮ѣҲ׼
֮ľ£ӦԵĴʩ
λѽɣܼȡһһ㣡˵
Ҳֻˡ˵˵ͷ֮пʼе֮
ԸʱǾѾľڵ֮ټ϶Ըϻ֮ʱΨһɾˣǿ˵һף˾һ˿˵Ǳɡ
ЩôģͿóһ·Ļ̲סʵ
֮бĻԾͱȽʢټҵӰ죬ͲЩ𾫣Щ𾫶ֻմȾһ˿춼ϻϢˣټûʲôǣҲɲʲô򡣡˵Щϻ֮һ˿м
Ȼӱ˵ϻ֮ЩͬһģǶϻ֮˵춼ϻ֮еֲǣȻЩֻմȾһ˿ϢûǵĻܹġ
ѹ֣Ļ𾫵֮ࡣºһ
ôһͷĸ뿴ңϻ֮һ
㡣ºһ֮УڷΧ
ϻ֮Ҳ¸еһ˿ѹĸûĻ˵ϾҲֻһ
֮£ϻ֮ȻΪ˾ĸ飬ºǲʡ
Ϊ飬Ҳ֪£ϻ֮;ĸȫںϣʱ¾ûλˡ
򲻵ѣǾԲᷴ˵ġ
ʹǵǸնɱ½¾нΪϵɻ꽣ܣ¶ûкɡ
ϾΪҲһֻŵķʽȻʽƣǱϾš
ֻҪ㹻ǿܹ뿪ڵҲûС
Щ黹ܺ˳Ϊѣ֮еγ֮λ
ҲֻЩǿҲǲϵ׳Լ
ϻ֮ƺҲǱźͬ뷨ȻΪ飬ôҪΪǿ顣
Ҳûͣ׽پͬһԺ֮ôҲ޷ɢȥ
Ȼ֪ЩʲôںˮһǱȽϺãޣɴǺںһ
ޱûʲôǣֻǵ͵ж֮ˮ߾ͻһһϣҪºϻ֮˵Ķࡣ
ϻָ֮֮ºܿҵһ
⴫֮ϻһЩʯķĩȻ⴫ոնùͲ붼֪˾һˡ
֮䣬͵Ϊ˾ϻ֮˾һ˱Ȼʧء
ƷʯͲһһδҪ鼫ƷʯϹʿ¡
ȹ龪ȣ鼫Ʒʯڵ˵Ҳʲôɾܺԥóȥο鼫Ʒʯ
ˣһͱ֮С

뿪ʱͻȻĬˣʱ˾һ˻нȫ
аһ
ȴ¶һ˿΢Цλˡ
ôû˵ͨʱ̶İͽϻ֮һѪͷ
ô֪ҳ֮ûˡϻ֮˷ۡ
ҲΪˣϹŴ󼸺͵ģ̶ֹĴǵһ
֮ǰ˾һ˻˵ǰĽɾԲǴ֮ǰǸģҲмԪӤʿȻдĿĵضһġ
Ϊʮ֮һм鼫ƷʯҲΪԪӤʿҲܽ봫Եе㲻˼ˡ
˺⼸ʿһľ룬ȻǸɽġ
ʿȱͻ˻ԴݾѾôˣοȾݻҪɺЩҲΪ档
ǣ˾һ˾ȻûжǸϾɱһĿǰ
ɹͿԶһɢŻĻɹ۾
춼ϻ֮𡣡͸̾һ䡣
վɹǰܸܵǿֲ¶ȣʱѾȨ˷֣ǿֲ¶ȡ
ڣαصЩ춼ϻ𣿡ϻ֮Цһ
һ죬ΧĻʱɢ
ϻ֮
һ仰δ˵꣬ϻͬһһ֮ǰҪǿ
ô£㲻ϻ֮Щ춼ϻΪβĿƣͲʵ
ͣɺ˾һ˶ϻֵţ˭ʵǿܵ赲ǿ
ǼԪӤʿͲǰһһմϵĻȫʬ
춼ϻƺڱʲôţϻ֮ɻĿԶĻɹ
ɹ֮ڣȻкϻ֮һܹ춼ϻĴڣ


508 ˮʽ
ѹ⼸ʿ˰վһԣ˭ͷڵѹ
Ȼ˾һʵͽնɱˣ޷նɱնɱҲضὫϳȥɹһ˱һ
λѣǶѾˣ춼ϻչֳʵǿԵĹʵԽǿϻҲԽһ춼ϻȫĻҵҲ޷ֵ˾˵
֪˾ʲôýأЦһ
ʱδ뵽ֻϣڳʿҪ˲顣˾ǿŽЦһ
봫ĳɹ֮⣬ֻͺͽʿԪӤʿͱ˾ųˣԪӤʿɹ֮лʲô˻
ҲζŽ봫һɣɹһɣҲʵǿһɣͺͽֶ˾һ˵Ķ֣˵˾ǵԱ߻ɹء
ɹ˵žԵƣǽɻ֮һ˴ĲŪɹԼڵϢĻôǱ⵽춼ϻķΧˡ
ʹɹֵܹҲ۽
ڳĶɹ֮еĶսʧκһ˾Ը⿴ġ
ò»ɹɹɺĵһܹѹɺɡ
ʧ˼ʿĻɹİλҲܵһӰ죬ȻڶɹɻԵĴ˽ˡ
˾ô˵Ҳھͺͽɣ
аЦǿһɫĻɹʱл¶һ˿ǡ
ϻ֮ѾշΪ˾ĸ飬ȻҪģҲٳȥһв
ǽ⴫֮ȴ춼ϻ˻ɹ棬춼ϻȻڲٿأҺϻ֮һ㣬ܹĿ춼ϻ
ɹζ£춼ϻɹ֮͵˼ˡ
˾Ǵ󾪣ûڵϢ춼ϻôͻȻˣ
˾һһˮĻͻȻɹļ˰һ档
ҲֻǺһǰһӵľϹâһ춼ϻȻԶ˿
ˡ͵˵һ
ϻ֮һҾһǸδ֪ĴڣҵҪ˭춼ϻˣ
ϻ֮ϾҲ֮⣬ȻİԷȻǰŪ춼ϻȻϻ֮ޱȡ
ֻ͵ǰһԲȦ͵ĻʱͣͷһתŻɹķȥ
˾ǺͽһĿܹͣ赲춼ϻ𲢲ʲô£ڳļλʿ඼һ
ܹ㣬ɵĽȥɲʲô˶ˣٽɺ˾ǾԼ˵ز
Ȼɹ֮ҲſԲ춼ϻĴڣϻ֮üͷһ塣
ϻ֮ٿŴɹʱϻ֮ͻȻһжԼһͷϵ
ϻ֮ȻƾԷԼĿȨһʱһοһͷ
ףɹ֮д˾ȵ
ͬһ֮µһˮһ㣬˾ǵˣ
Ȼǰ˻ɹ˾ǵ
˿˻ɹĺģѵ
͵˵ͷܽΪʲôɹΧ춼ϻ˿ˣ춼ϻɹһģ˻ɹȻҲܿ춼ϻˡ
ƻɹ˿ôҲ벻춼ϻ֮оȻϻ֮Ĵڣ;ȻҲܹٿ춼ϻ̲סг
˾Ǻһֻ˾гһĳ
ˮɽˮɹ֮ĳȻǷȴʤһ˿â
һѽ˰ɣа˵
ӡϻ֮ʱϻ֮˵˾ǵһҪɵĶ˾еˮɽˡ
ˮ֮۶ɵĳϻ֮һ
ϻ֮ҲңɹɹС
ɹ֮ܲôɹеˮɹȻҲܲˮ֮ˮ֮Ȼûϻ֮ãոճ;ͱɹȡߣһĿˮ֮Ҳ⽣գ
ǧĴ˾еˮʽѾﵽ˴ɵĵزˮ𱾾ˣ˾еˮʽ
ɹ֮е춼ϻϻ֮ĻδزˮʽĶ֣ϻ֮Ϊĸ£ƾŻɹ֮ڵ춼ϻҪֿһѾɹˮʽѻʯ
˾ǿеˮʽвһ˿
ɹ֮һıһеˮʽֱľʺͽʽڷֱľɹͽɹ֮С
ɹ֮ΪǿıȻǷȴʤκη鱦֮ϣ
˾һеˮʽһ̳
ɲǼϻ·ܵʲôвһ㣬ܶš
ֻˮʽˮӿһ̱ͬӾһ㣬ںˮ˲佫ɹΧ춼ϻˢĸɸɾ
ˮ֮Ȼ鴫һЦ
ˮ֮ˮޱȣοˮʽɿˮ֮ɣֱǻĿǡ
ˮˣˮܿ˻𣬻Ҳܿˮ޾֮˵ֻˮһΪǿ
춼ϻȿˮˮʽǿˮ֮ɹΧĻͨ춼ϻ߸С
ˮʽܹ׵ɹΧ춼ϻ⵹΢ЩԾ
˾Բ԰׵ɫʱȴЦһ
˾ϼ޻Ȼһ
ˮʽȷǿ󣬵춼ϻҲ˵
˾ǽӴ̳⿴ޱȵɡ
ЩȴһЩ飬ԽǿıҪĵҲԽࡣ
ˮʽǷ춼ϻҲҪ˹ģ춼ϻ˾ĵԲһСĿ
Ȼ˾صĺܺãϵһĨ԰ȴζ޷Ĩȥ
ˮʽҲǼ󣬲Ȼ˾Ҳᵽͷʹá
ߣ˾Ǻһɹ˲ڿն𣬳˻ɹ֮С
ⴳɹ֮еʲôˣ˾Ļڵǿ߿ҲҪͷʹޱȡ
Ȼƿ˻ɹȴûнɹɴ˵֪˲ûȫɹĺģֻҪδȫôǾһĻᡣ
ʹѾɹĺȫҲֻҪնɱɹˡ
ˮʽ֣˾ǵҲ󣬻ټˮʽܹ˾ǵʿ˵ָ


509 
ͺͽɻһۣ˵һЦ˾ǵ
ڳʿܹ֮ƿɹΧ춼ϻҲֻ˾һˣ͵ǲһ˳糵
Ŀǰǹͬĵڻɹ֮еһˣ
ðΣսСģǳŻɹȻ˱ǶҪһ˾Ҳ˲øռ˵ļˣֻһĵҪɹ֮С
вٴҲԼɹѶȰˣǸ㹻ʱĻɹҪˡ
˾ڵʿ˲ܿ壬ҽɹ֮⼸˻ܳΪԼһս
˾һֱһöɫľˣ֮ǰӻڵõľ˾Ȼһӡ
һ˿âȻûв´ɹ֮ҲƵĶ
˾һʹϧӣҲ֪⾫֮ףΪɹĹϿҲûж١
⵹һɹշɹ֮вûкϻ֮һǵĴڣڲˮٶԶԶܺһɹ
λѣҪҺ˵Ļͱˣ˾һ
ȻйͬĵˣҲ˾ɾһԩͷҲں汣ʵ
ɵһЦȻ˾Ѷô˵ˣǲҲ˵ȥˡ
ֻеͭһââ֮춼ϻ׷ױá
ɫҲɣЩ춼ϻȻƷʲһ㣬ҲҲһϻ֮ٺһЦ
͵˵ͷ춼ϻȻ֮𣬵Ҳ֮УֻҪ֮ɫˢ
ûϻ֮ĻǾԲôϾûаܹЩ춼ϻ֮к
ָֻһţɫʱͽһ춼ϻˢ˹
ֻۣһ춼ϻ˲͵֮С
͵һŤĺʱƬ̵ʱ䣬;ɫ糣
ɫ⣡ǰһԼͭһۡ
ɫ⣬ϹʥĶžǱõˣ˾һֲս˼֡
ɫˢУ˾еˮʽǾˮ֮ȻҲӲɫһˢ
Ȼ˾ǵʵδػɫ⣬뵽ɫ˾ǻЩɵ
Ϳ˵ɫаЦǰӵɫⲻʹãΪûӦʵӵıֻܸԼɱ֮
ǵ׻֮ȴԹóʿһ塣
ϻ֮һ춼ϻ֮˻Դģһɵʱһˣ
ô춼ϻ𣬻̵𣿡͵һЦˢɫ⣬ֶǺԥĽɡ
һʼ͵ֻоʹǽ֮ʹĸоҲʧˣǵûʹУͷһ˿ʡ
ϻ֮һЦ忴ҲٵĴȻôں춼ϻ𣡡
ͶԴֻʼڵõ֮ҪĴ֮˷һ˿׵壬͵һʿҪǿ
־Ѫ֮ѪĴһνͨ״̬ȻȲ޻壬ҲҪʿǿ̫ˡ
Ȼͨʿڵһ춼ϻʱֱ۾Ѿըˡ
С˹ʺˣˮ۾е㼵ʵ˵
ֲǵһˡ·˷ۡ
֮䣬;Ȼںϻ֮ıԴ
ĸϻ֮ʱͽϻ֮һıԴɣپô춼ϻĴ߷ĸ֮оȻɢһЩ춼ϻıԴա
ںһ˿춼ϻıԴ͵õĺôʵ̫ˡ
ǰЩ춼ϻ˵Ѿûκεвĳ̶ֳ˵Ҳϻ֮Ѿܹһ̶ϿЩ춼ϻ
Ҳ춼ϻʱΪʲôˣ
ڼλʿ֮УͿ˵Ϊɵˣû˿Σգڵһ˿춼ϻıԴҲ𽥵׳
䣡ɹ͵Ļ˼¡
ãץ˾ɫ䣬ɹΧ춼ϻ͵˾ǵѹ
˾ȴûκεϲɫǾĿŻɹ
ۣһ˲䣬ӴĻɹʱСĿ֮ʧˣ
ˣ˾ǺһеˮʽһնϿˮͽռ䶼С
ɹѱȻ鴫޾Ŀˮ֮УɫӰ¶˳ֻǵΧһ춼ϻֵſˮ֡
˵ˣ˾ǣͣɶ¶һ˿ȡ
ʵﵽ׶ζȻһЩ˽⣬һЩ˾Ҳ벻˾ȻԼƤӵص֮
գ£аϵϢˣȻҲǻʿһǻڵʿ
յǿֲĻϢںټ춼ϻҪеһ˿ļ¡
Ҳͬһʱ䣬յĿҲ͵ϡ
𣬻춼ϻ𣬲յһЦ
µĿ˾еˮʽ֮ϣһѽǸĻӦû˵ġ
ǿĺ֮´ľȻǽεεŮӵ
ѻɹ°ɣ˾һ
¶ǿҲֻڵʿһ˱԰ǳԵģο߻ʿ֡
ôĿЦһ
һС͵ĹвϵķŴ
ɹ˾һ
˲䣬ֻаƴСĻɹȻ£վȻɹɰשˡ
ɹΧֲ춼ϻţ˾Ҳɹҵϡ
ƣ˾ϵˮʽһһֲкȻն
飡ˮײ
ȻеŵɹײҲգһнɹС
ɹкôϻ֮
˵Ҷһ
յϳ˻ɹ֮⣬мҲȤ
յϣҲ˼ϢϢ֮֮ϣ
ͷҲͷ
£༸˾ͽˣպһ
ɹһ䣬
ûᣬɹˢϻ֮
ͿЦһϻ֮վ˵ۣ˴󵨻ɹɫܹˢҪķѵҲԲһСĿ
ģһ㣡ϻ֮˵
˵˭˽ɹϻ֮ϵڶ¾û˸ϵһˣ


510 յĿֲ
ָһˢʮɫ⡣
ֻһѾĻɹȻʧصļ
˵ջС͵ɫ⣬տȻ˵õɫ⣬Ǿ޷ɫɡ
˭뵽͵֮һͷȸȻͶ֪ëȸʲôⲢͰëǿɫ⡣
ëȸἫԵëȸ޵ʵֿܹͣ
˺ëȸҲˣƾͰëҵǽ˼֮ͷּʹںëҲûʲôôˣŷŹ˵ëȸ
͵ɫҲ˵ҵ֮£һվͳһ
ɹϾѾոˣֻյһɹΧ춼ϻ͵ڡ
ǰ㻹ʸ񣡡ϻ֮һ
ֻһϹʱɹ֮С
ˣǷڵ춼ϻʱתǹͷա
ף̲סɵĿͣһɲȻʧȥ˶춼ϻĿơ
ûᣡϻ֮һ
͸ָ֮нˢʮɫ⣬ʧȥ춼ϻĵֿɹһ߿
㻹ʸ񣡡պһһ˲յϽֳʮֹâ
𣡡һϵÿһֹâһ
ϸһ⾹Ȼʮ֮֮࣬ʮȻռһҡ
˾ǺͽҲǲ˼ĿſС
ÿһֶǼѻãܹõѾܿɹˣǰվȻۼʮʷ϶Ǿ޽е顣
ʮ𣬹ųûڵʿˡ
֮еʿٻӵϵһΪѰܹõһѾľˣÿһԼԣǿнںڵĻ׳⡣
߻ħ
˶ôõ֮еѹں˵ޱȵİȫ
ǰȻûָںʮҲҪ̾ʹҲ˴󵨵ںô
ʮ𣬹ų㹻ηˡ
ǿɵ飬ȻѾʮˡ
飡ֻĵ˻ɹ֮ϣϻ֮ƺһɹΧ춼ϻȻʧء
͵ѹ춼ϻ֮·ӿ͡
ʧߣʧߣͰһ
ζ޷뵽յھȻںô𣬳һ
Ҳ֪ôȥҲʲôԾͳȥɫ⡣
ȻֵĻɹͺۣǳȥĻҪܵ춼ϻΧĽɲҪġ
֮أôóһ
õĽСļͶ֮Ļкܴİջĵ棬ɹŪ֡
뷨ҲûȻʲôɵӣͲꡣ
ͷʱʼһֹĸоһʹ֮棬֮ͻȥ
Ҳ֪ԼΪʲôָоҲָоͷʹ֮ԿĴ㣡
֮ȥɹĻͱȻԥʧȥ֮ɹûеֵĻ;˷۱ˡ
ƺϣҶ֮棿Цһ
ֻһЦеСѹֻĺϡ
ɱģĵͷϰɡЦһ
𣿡յͻȻһ˿ɱ
ɱľɱģɱľͲɱģҺαҪЦһ
ʵϻĵȷǱɱģǱʢŭ֮µĵɢԪҪ˵˭ɱ˻ĵĻҲֻ˵ǵˡ
Ϻŭ׷˭֪ˣԵϵȻһһĸ͡
ص֮󣬱˸ɱκ˵ĳԱɱͱ͡
ո»رɺ˵ټϵ˵
ֱ㷢˰ɣѲɻҪҳȥһˣû˵
һοֶѾһӵĻ
Ϊβȥնɱϴˢ裿ϵ˵
ΪҲ룿ϴŭ
СҲ֪ʲôʺˣȻǸľͷˣ˵СŵģҶСӾԲҺùƺ뵽ʲôĵһ㡣
նɱ֮󣬱ضᱻ׷ϣǵϰ·֮ȴľ
ʵȺҲ޷ӵ˺徳ʵĽľ󻹱ľвһƵĻص֮С
¶˵ʵģܻɱӣϺߺһ
ܹѵס⽨ľʵǲСﰡ
ôҾͰնɱĵ֮飡һ˫һֻ˫֮жʱ̬ĳ
ۻɽһ
Ⲣʲô˲õֻͨҪԻƿصһĳ̶ȶʹãԼҲ۳ѻ泤еĻ泤ȴһΣյĸо
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պһе泤ʱն
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ɲǼ䣬͵־ͱīɫ߶Һһ̾ȫ֮С
Ϊѵ𣿡ͺһһԼ֮ϻһ˿ڡ
ī̵ѪҺ˳˿ھ˳
߶ʮ֮ȻĩֲĶȴκʿС͵ѪУܹɵĲٿѪҺЩѪҺĶضΣѾ͡
ӵ֮Ѫʿ¶һ˿ɡ
Цһ߶治Сһֻˣųʱֶܹһһ͡
Ϊɱ˻ĵĻرվԲôʹ졣
֮оһЩһο϶Լ˵ۡ
Ȼһ˲䣬˫һϣ泤ʱ϶Ϊһһѻ泤ǹʱ͵ǰ
䣡˳ⳤǹһɫĻǹͷоиոյı߶档
ԪƺһһʽâȻն


511 㳡
޷ϵԼԪ˲㱻һǱڵĻϯʱ;˼䱻ľ档
ߴûȣǽɺ˾ǶԹۣҲֵһԵ˹ڡ
˵Ͳһ˰ˣѲƶҲղǣϾȻӵʮõİ취һʲô
ʹɺͬʱʿȴԳΪɳֵɡ
ʹһʼûָɺ˾ܹȣ⼸˲Ҫû侮ʯ;ˡ
Լնɱ˵˵Ѿǲݵľˡ
Ͳ֪ǣҪ׷ɱɱö˵ĽָضϵУöָɱҪˣ
һӣֻһɫʱˢЩ澡ˢߣ
ɫ⣡һɫ⵱鷳
յȻе⣬ƺܹٿػ棬Ȼһ˿Ĳ࣬͵Ҳûжٵĵģʹ򲻹߻Ǻаյġ
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ৣֽˢɫ⣡
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ʱ˳ȥ
ڶľӵе֮֮ϣ
ŶӲһľȻҲֻѪѹֻĺϣտǵѪҲЩȡ
ľǰʿӲӣ˵֮ĿӰεĻôľĿ±ڿֲ֮ϡ
ľӵľԣľ֮㽫ľθһء
ľֻľ֮زмʲ
Ҳǿ鱨֮£ҵôһأ˳Ľľշ
ʱľѾһ˿ǣǸľ㹻ʱĻδزܳΪϻ֮һĴڣȴһǸոγɵǴɢ
ľǿܲٿػһˣ
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͵ɫһ䣬ԽǿĻٿԽѣȻѾľȫշġ
ϻ֮һ
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ϻ֮֮𣬱ЩĻǿ˲֪ٱȴһʿٿŷ֮ǰҫϻ֮ʵ̲ȥˡ
춼ϻ𣿡¶һ˿㵵飬춼ϻѾˣ͵Ϊλ춼ϻ
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ʲôҾҪˣϻ֮
㻹ûɾͱˣһһɵĿŶա
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ܣϻ֮ʧɫ춼ϻ֮ôô򵥾ͱԷɣ
ǲٿػɣ˵
ҺֱɲһǸ׳Ϊܹٿɳ޵У˵ʱյϾ¶һ˿мЦݡ
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֪ģ¶һ˿Ц
͵һЦ㲻һӵʮ𣬶һܽʮںһ̫˼𣿡
ֻǵ˵ͷ֮ǰʮȫͷųһˣһѹǸһһʾûʹ֮Ҳˣ
͵˵ͷãȻҲ׷˼ðſܱӶΣȥֳֺõ顣
ȻˣôҲҪˣɫһ䣬ȻԼѾͲµ߰˰ˣôװȥҲûʲôôˣֱӽͻɱڵģ
䣡С֮еĻʱۼյΧʮҲޱչ˳
ڣҪ㳡֮лҷ𣡡Цһ
ɲǼյӰʧ޾Ļ֮С
ǺˣͿЦһ
տе㳡Ӧһ󷨣ΪʯõĴ
ֱʱͲŷ֣յ֮в𣬻Ŵ޻
޻˼޵Ļ棬һЩʿնɱ֮һļӶᵽЩڵĻ档
޻Ȼ𣬵ҲС
޻ҲСȻ֣
飡ö͵ײ͡
ۣϵɻ꽣֣һ⼸ö
Ӱɫһ䡣
䣡һȵϢδͷӦöײ͵ĺ֮ϣ
һɽζ˲
͵ĺ󱳶ʱýڣ⼸öѾ˵͵ķθһȵϢ֮ڵܣ
ͺһǿתڵѪһ𣬾Ŀܡ
ҲôʹģҪģĥ㣬ֱȥշЦš
ǷЦʹĽɺ˾ĵ׶ðһɺ
뿪أҪһһ
ˣҵҪмＸ˾Цһ
ɺƬ֮ɹˣҲûȨ档
ض˻֣ǰȻû


512 
ֻĿ˾һۣˮʽδնɱ㣬ȴҲ޷ҡ
С㲻ǻڣҽ׾Բʮ꣬ҿ綼δȹ̣͸ˣ˾Цһ
ںͻ֮Ĳɲһ㣬Ȼ˾ҲԴ˿ɷС
οлɹˮʽضҲһս
Ա⣡
ɲǼ䣬һ㺮ǵصѹһ˲䣬˾Ǻͽɫ䣬˰ɣ˿Ҵһ㺮
꣡һԪӤʿܱ½Ǵ˱㡣
Ȼһ˲䣬ԪӤʿʱͱһ飬ٶ֮쳬˵Ԥϡ
Ȼ޷ɱǣҲռһ˿ˣºһ
һ㲻ϵ󣬽˾Ǽ˱ƳʮԶһ㵰ǣ㳡ͬһŵơ
ƵĵǱŵƲһ˿˺
ÿֲĺѩ濹ҲһɵĿһǣ൱ߵۡ
Σһ֮˾ǲʵһûʿǱһ㺮סˣǵҪЦˡ
µ¶ʱһѱƵӣƵƾճһ豭豭֮еĲ֪Һɢſֲĺ
裿һ㶡
䣡ˮʽһն֮ϡ
ˮʱͱ˱顣
˾Ŀǣ⵽ʲôȻˮܶ᣿
ˮˮޱȣûˮܱģ
Ļͻᰲȵվһԣһսһڱ֮µ˵
ºĽ赱ã˾ǾͲһ
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¶ˣһһ˵ԸҲǼΪ죬ʵ޷֮оȻһ顣
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ˣ㳡֮ԽԽҵĴ̲ס¶һ˿֪ܷЦݵ顣
ɣɣ㳡֮оӴܰɣյ˷޷ȷʲôط
ۣһǰĿռʱʼŤ
ռ֮ʡʡɣչһЦʱöɫĻ˹δȫȹ̵Ŀռʱ顣
Ͷ֪˼ˣոͲͽյĻᣬͷβѹڴ
Ȼ䣬һ̧ͷŵĿϷ
Լ֮Ȼһ˿
Ӽյһ̿ʼϾͶÿֲϢڡ
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ԹֻǴڴ˵֮У˵˻Ǿ֮ǧ֮ں֮Ļ档
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𣿡Ϳ֮еǴ֮
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ǶԷоĻӣһҪӣͲܶԸģϻֵ֮˵
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ת˲ȥ޹͵ɷķ
ۣ͵һھѪѪڣ˲Ϣ֮ķΧ
ħѪ֮ҵҪжپѪʩչЦһ


513 
΢ϧ˿ԼһöѾƵİָ
ǧһ֮һöָ˵
ָ֮ʱаϻãָһ﷨һѵõķ
ԭ鱦һѹ֮鶼Ϊͨķ
ָܹ籦֮±ȫȻ֮ȻҲᱻаֲħϡ
ֻһ˿֮ɫİָ֮϶ʱͳһĻ˰С
Ҳһ㱡ĹĻһ˿Ϣʱ䣬ǲܶѪ֮ӳ졣
һöָȴΪôһԭѾڵ˲Ͳָ
һҲָٱΣ
ǵصĻϮͼ߶ڵľѪʩչѪ֮ȴʼն޷뿪㳡ÿһζᱻ浲
һܵĿռҲԽԽС
һ־Ҳýˣһ
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𣿡һԵޱȵĸߴԶʮֻɻڷĻ档
һ㶣ȻǰһĻ
ǧֻÿһֶǼֲĴڣлʮľĴڡ
ţ¼Լ֮ûʲôˣܹôĻ棬˿Ļķɡ
Ϊһȵʱȴ˼ֻϣǺݺݵһơ
ѣһʵ̫ðգµ˵
ʹӺտս֮ʱѾ飬ʮֻɻڶڣͣյĻ档
ÿһֻպٵնûзԼĻ汻͸ˣͬʱҲ˴ĽһЩõӰ졣
ӵе֮гľ֮⣬Ļ涼ɻɡ
ľʱɻ˵Ǿһɻ澹Ȼֻʮֻ
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Ҵɻı֮ϵɫҲʰ쵣˶Щдɻõ˳ֵĽ
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ٶ֮һ
룡һʱһĶ˹ȥ
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ۣȻûеշͣҼðһѪ˺ĵʹ˲䴫壡
ɲǼͬǧд̴һ㣡
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ˣȻȻǴ̴Ҽ磬Ľ˲֮У֮Ű
𣡡տһڵĻʱͽĽѹ
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մһ֮еӵԡ
ֻǵ˵ͷ漴鼫Ʒʯâһºԥâ֮У
Ҳߣ˾һ
Ȼ֪ڸʲô֮ǿֲϢҲҶâһɹҲ뿪С磬ֻƳһۣ漴Ҳ뿪С硣
䣡ڽ뿪һɲǣȻըѣ
üһ壺㲻뿪𣿡
ɱȻ뿪һ
Ҫˣ֮е¿һ֪ʲôʱµѾһɢŽɫ
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֮вֵ׵磬һ֮ͶԼĹҲһ˿׼
𣿡¶һ˿ҵЦݡ
ΪǼֻӾܰ㵲סĻͱˣһɣ¶Цݡ
Լû뵽Ը;ȻҪóѹ׵𡪡
Ծųģ֮ⷲоû֮дʹӵв֮ĻҲˣ
ԻƵĲ֮мһˣҲˣ϶ŶصͲѻƷС
һеĻ桪𣡡ָһ㣡
ɲǼƿƲ㣬¶ͷ­


514 ΪԵĻ
ʮ֮еľڽҿصɴ
ÿֲĻ棡а
¶һ˿ѹˣѾʼӲӴѹǰʿԵ˵С
ںϾ֮ǣڴ˵֮еĵһʱȴеس͵ǰ
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ȻҲǻڣ鶼˾ɫ࣬Ȼͬ𺳣ȴûһ˿Ĳ
ֻһЦ𣬾˵ض϶ǰһû뵽һСС;ȻƳˡ
Ȼֻһ˵ǿŶȼߣ
ڼ֮ǰѾշˣʱղԪӤڵΪĪ˵շһ𣬾㿿Ҳ޷
ǴоȴǲʵȻҲҵգҪռˣҳŵһƺš
ٵ־˵Ͳʲôо𣬿˵ǻʿҲδĶ֣Ȼ֮еһС
ضϱϾǵΪǿļˣȻӲھ֮лһա
ջǼˣΪۣ˱Ϊṩϣ
Ȼһ˵ܹڶ̶֮ڼʮ
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ԾİԵķϹʿСҲžĳΪ̣
ܹʶµһһжĵŮоȻҲһ˿ڴ
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С֮ǿֲѹ޷ֵ֪Ҳֻȡ裬ƿɺǧɹҲǹ֮ˣȻѾû˿壬ô뿪Ϊá
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յĺҲŹͬˣǽ˵ΪѾɹۡ
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һɹ;ݿԴȣɹȻǰߣԴʲôɺȱ٣ɹȴֻʧȥһɺ˵ǼĴ
νʼһɹѹûΪԼܹõɹΪ˸ɺ鷳ˡ
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ħѾ;Ϊһ壬ԾΪ壬ħԻﵽһ۷壡
䣡;ײһ
ۣ
һ󰧺ħʱ֮ɣ
ͻССʮڵļʶ޷ӵжǿ
һӴ𣬾谭ѹ
ţ֮ͻȻµ
һɫ֮˳
䣡ɲǼضΪ֮һ䣬СʱѣʣµĽɻ棡
ɫĻȻ΢ȴɢƥоѹ
һʱ֮ȻɫĻѹסˣ
վǼ˹һ㲻ŵĿűѹסľ⿰֮ĻʱȻһ΢Ľɫѹ
ܣҲţɱշĺ
ĵƣض϶涼ĽѣͲ¼仹бȾҪǿĻ档
㣬죬ɱˣշš
һŵƶ˺ʱѾȫʧȥַȡ
𣡡Ȼһڻ档
յͫ׶ʱŴԼĺ岻ͣŤţ
ʹİţһ̴֮ðð
ڵĻֹֻ֣һֱǺܺõ֮йţǴʱȴͬʧһ㣬ڲϵɣײ
ǧֻײֲֿǻʿҲûκεİ취
ʱͻھ֮УŵĿԼɢ΢ĽɫһȻѹ
ĸǰ˴һ𲻹˵ĸо
ǰһĻʵ̫ˣ֮жǰľϻֶ֮ޱηľȻһ˿΢Ľɫѹ
ɵˣɢطȻȾǿ˲֪ٱҲǸոγɰˣµͷһȽ;ѡ
һɲǣط׾ͱȸղˮһңٵȥĻûط׵ѹƣ˲ܽȼ
䣡ڵ֮ʱעһؽɫ֮Уʱطһ΢Ļ磬͵һ綼ܽ䴵𣬵Ҳһ˿΢Ļȴѹǿֲľ
ʱǲĻͿʼ񱩵ľʱȻͬ˳һƾط׵ɣľȻһ˿ˣⳡԽԽ죬Ҳɵ㶵ĿһĻ
;ȵǣ˴ʱɫĻ羹Ȼһ㶼ûб仯·ʲôûһ㡣
ʲô̲סʵⶫȻӳģ±ض֪ⶫ
ºһ񡣡
ˣһأûһǳӵģͷ˷ۣ
ɵӣһûģȻʱĵ϶


515 ɹ
Ҳû˼ȥ£ʱ۷Ѿɵ߰˰ˣǷ·ŻһľʱҲֻʣһ˿΢Ļ磬۷׶硣
䣡¼𶼾ۼڴˣɲǼ䣬յͬƤһ㼱͡
ʱڵѾȫʧȥ˿ƣ軥֮ײţյ޷ѹ
飡ɲǼ䣬յͱĻűʧȥ˿Ƶһռ֮лɣ
ǼʹЩٷ񣬵ȴҿͷֺ·һ˿΢Ľɫһ㡣
Щ治뿿طףǲŽط׻ŹЩ
ǰǿĻ涼ɣЩɢڿռ֮е޻ȻҲŹ
ط׾ͬˮһ㣬ֻ澡ɣ
գ֮Ĺɾʮ֮һʱ䶼
Χ֮һؽɫƺҲֹͣ˶۷ɫ֮С
ɵ㶵ĿԼһؽɫǲһľǧֻ澹Ȼôһز۵ˡ
Լ֪֮кʱôһ
ƺеӣǺһؽȻ͵ķʵ̫
Ѿ͵ķûֲĽ۷ף
յͱǿ񱩵Ļճ˻ҽԪûһ˿
ԭֻһСɽ֮еĹ¶Ȼ֪зݵصˣȴûԼܹΪĴڡ
Ȼһʯȴĵ·һʯǡûյ֮С
ʱʼձ㷢Լӵ˲ݻ
ջ֮ʱЩܹյбóֵ״Щȴ
յʱһ߰СӵȻϲʤ
ǹ¶ģչֳ볣֮ʱЩ˱Զ㣬Զ㣬ᱻɹһĴڡ
ʱվ֮жȹͯ꣬Ϊעƽһʯû֮ʱѾע˵硣
һҹǾһξѵʱ
޾Ļ˲ͽ͵Сɽ¾һգһ˿ĺۼû¡
һʮ꣬ת˲ͽ֮ͬĨɱ
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ţעǹ¶ģԴ˵ԶսǿɽҲһĴڡ
һ꣬ʮ꣬ȴʦͨΪʿǿֲٶ顣
ΪʿһʿսķԼܹٿط𣬾֮ܲٿأ
һʮ꣬һξѣһ֮бΪƽأһξ֮ȹ˽ᵤ֮١
һ꣬ξѣԪӤ֮Ҳɢ
һһǧһʮ꣬ڵĴξѣȻǺʵĶȹ˻֮٣
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ҵˣǰһǿʶһ¶ɣת˲ͱɹ֮ҵ˴ڡ
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գ̤⴫һɲǣɹʱ͵ĵ֮У
䣡ʱСȻ
ǰ񱩵Ŀռ֮üͷһ壬ʹǻʿҲûпܽռ֮У¸ո̤ͱǿ񱩵Ŀռ֮˺ɷĩˡ
ˣµ̾һ
һ˲ͬʱʧȥպ͵ϢҲֻͺͬھˡ
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ûˣһ𣬿ֲѹʱ֮С
Ƶ˳ԱĿ֮У̲ס˿ڿˮ
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֮еʿ仰ǳţҲû
ˣˣҲˣڶ̶̼֮һʧȥƺųԱضϲûµĳԱ⼸˵λãһЩҰĲĳԱơ
ǼҲһˣ֪˵ĹأһԱ֮һΣʱһ֮жỻϼΡ
һȴĵû滻
˳ƺųԱÿһ滻ὫָһΣʹЩʿ˱ʿУض϶Գָֽ
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ǸСӣǸСӣһҪʬΣϽҧأһһٵ˵
ϿЦһ㵱ҲãֵסǿľͷǸСﻹѣ
Ҳ٣Ϻһ䡣
ˣҵѾ޷СӵԪˡ̾˿


516 ʥ𹦡
ôܣҲ̲סһ㶡
ϵ綼һǴӹ֮ݱ
Ȼر𣬵Ҳ൱ˡ
ֻҪ˾ǵĺǶ޷ӳϵĸӦʹǶС֮Ҳһ
ǴʱȴѾȫʧȥ͵Ϣ·Ѿʧ֮С
öָؾҲֻһǧʱˣȱöָؾҲ޷硣Ϻһ
ֻһһˣǵʵǿյĳɹҲҡҡҡͷ
ʹʱʲôطأ
Լ֪
ǵһɲǣŻɹ֮ԴĴǼС硣
漴Ĵʹȴ˻֮УѹʱȴԼѾһɻγɵ֮С
澹Ȼδţδûһ˿¶ȣȴһּΣյĸо
֪֮У˾ͽطܹѹһͷ֮⣬춼ϻѷɫ
СһˣͻȻ͵Ժ֮дޱȲϡ
˭˭˵һϵɻ꽣УĿܡ
ϢһǴϢȴЩĵĹǹ죡ƺû͵⣬ԹԵ˵
Ԫʣ֮עϵɻ꽣֮Уһն
䣡âͻݺݵײһ𣬻ɽ
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СҿҲҪ׷ˣǲƿģΪ̫ˣЦһ
üͷһ壬ڵΪһ֮ѾǶΪˣĿƺʲôֵһӡ
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ۣΧ͵Ļʱʧˣ
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ϢǺþöûмˣһֶֻʱס
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ǰĺ߾ȻҲʥ֮ˣҲʿеħ壡
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ʹŴһĿߣ˲ĺ󱳾Ѿ亹ʪˡ
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Ϳħ֮кħ͹ħЩҲԲʲôõط
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ͿЦһǰҲ㣬Ǽɹﶼ֪
ЦЦ㵣ģɹѾγһƾҵܽƳ
ƳͻȻ뵽ʲô
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һ뵽;Ͳһսħжǿ
Ĵڣ㴵ССĻʿɷɻ˰ɡ
ƳӡҴʥ磡ߺһ
ɫһǰҪ硭
ʥ粻֪ǿٱΪʥ֮˾ȻҪ磬޲ɼʵ޲ɼŭһ
βŭǿҲһ˿ʥϢ˺ԺȻͻҷˡ
úõʥ繦ƫƫȥʲôʲ⣬һǳŵĹʵǶʥ棡߲мĺһ
ҲǿЦһ޵ǡתĹʥδӵУп߿⡶תҲֻóĸˡ
Դġʥ𹦡ǸʲôʲӵĹǿϰٱǧֶһҲ͵ķӦֱӽ⡶ʥ𹦡ӡ͵Ժ֮С
ǣ⡶ʥ𹦡һ͵Ժ֮УԶʹͲѧҲֻܿԼڵһִûмķʽתţ


517 ʥ
ߵһЦʥ֮ȻҪʥĹҺʥʥҲһܵõҵĴҲá
аһ⡶ʥ𹦡Ȼڵһ˿֮б֮⣬ڵȻɵһζʣ
һ˿֮ΪԼɢ
漴ȸжʱӿȫڵֻ·ܵʲô̼һ㣬͵ӿš
⿴Ʒʵȴ⡶ʥ𹦡·תţ
ͱʾͲߣȫǿŴĵҩ֮ڳŽΪġ
ʽȻ͵ٶȣʹԭôɫȡĳɾ͡
ϣͬڽʹԭΣҪɲô򵥵顣
ЩӰ˵Ķ֮󣬽ͻõߺһ
ɲǼ䣬ռ֮еĻ涼ʼۣ
͵߲ܣЩͳͳ֮С
ʥ𹦡Щ漴תʧȻһλˣ
Ļϵ͵Ļޱȵϣ
ůĻϵڡʥ𹦡ת֮»۵͵ĵ֮С
ʮ֮⡶ʥ𹦡Žƽ廹ڲԾļȡΧĻϵ
ʹ
в¶һ˿ɫѹ߶ڵġתмһˣȲܣٶ֮ϣ⡶ʥ𹦡Ͳǡתܹġ
ȻĹһ繷ʺͨȴЩͷߵ˵
ԣתһ¡תԭҪתʩչתʱȻҲʹã
ΪԼڵġתȥ֮žתͨʹãȴȻʹãһϲ
ȴ¶һ˿Ц⣬ȻԵ޹ʵĴ͡ʥ𹦡һΪľҪԸ
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ͺһž޴ʹࡣ
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ʱߵѾʧȥԭȵĹʣҪϣѾ˿հס
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پ˻ģ߹һЦɲǼĻߵ
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ʥ𹦡ҺʥⱲĽҴûдˣûᴫڸʥ֮ˣǿȹµķϣ⡶ʥ𹦡͵ҵı𣡡ʥƳһۣһݷȥ
ֻﻹһͨʥͨ


518 ϲ
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ǸʱܴһһҲͲСܹӴġ
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ЩϵĹҩ֮Ȼ˶ԷУħ֮ԷʿҲǺձ
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ǼҪϨĽɫ˿̾ȻһһΧһӲӲǳ˳
⡭⡭һʱ֮¶֪Ҫʲôˡ
ˣȻ»˾ʹ֮˼֣ɫ׵ͻԵԽľ
ʶҲ޷һֻܽ鹦ˣ
ɹѾ֣ĶһɹɺҲûж˼ˡ
뿪Ѿ꣬Ҳʱȥˣ
͸ոսݵؽ磬һʿʱͺֵΪԪӤڰˣΪ˵߲ߣ˵Ҳ͡
ͷʿһ㶣Ȼɴ棬ʿȴܿĳһŮϲ¶һ˿ŹֵЦݡ
ѣͿʿϵЦݲõĺһ
ͷʿٺһЦһɺϸϵĶҪǴүҸ˵Ļܷǹȥ
ʿȻһԪӤʿ٣
ôǿаסĵɱ⣬˵
;ԲһĴˣǿֲɷѾڴˣ
ٺ٣ҲԪӤʿͽʯٰߵǸСǽǣͿԹˣͷʿٺЦ
ʯСĿԵҵĵ£ѲҪ̫𣿡һ
͵ڳΪ£Ҳ¶СŮ̬ڶʿ˵һԵֿջ󰡣
СӣΪүҺƭҵľ飬һ֪ŮӺ軹ڣǴ֮ôĵ£ͷʿЦһ
Ҳܿһ㶣̤ûͣһܿԷǷǴӵġ
ϸ¶һ˿ŭݣСδҲ̫ɶˣ˵Щ²̨Ļ
ٺ٣ҪǱ˻ǿǻϲڵˣһ۾ܿʿΪܷΪٵЦ
ϲڣüͷȻûɡ
Ƿڷ֧޻ϲȴϳŵأ֮ûʲôϢˣû뵽ȻðϾѩ濹⻶ϲڻһЩ˽⡣
ڷ֧͹Ȼ⼸˵ͷϿһЩ̣ȴɢҵͷס˴롣
ڽ⻶ϲƺȴڽ屳Уϲһž˫޵Ĺ
ŵصʿΪ⻶ϲʵΥ壬㽫⻶ϲŵء
òϣŵصʱ⻶ϲڵȻôãȷʵǷɣ֮Ҳи
Ǳŵ֮⻶ϲڵʿƺͶˣ˵Ҳ࣬չ˺⻶ϲھȻΪһȺɫ֮ͽɡ
ӸŮǿٲȻѾΪһħɡ
ǰϲڻܼнβˣӸŮ黹֪ڣǾݴң⻶ϲƺҲ˻ᣬЩ˵ŮѾ޷ˣȻʼӶŮޡ
ѡĿ㣬ΪߣòͬʱǴӵŮޣ
һ⻶ϲȴߵˣȷǵ鵤ΪɱǿҪ̫߳ˡ
Цһʥ𽣣
ɲǼϾͳһ𽣣ԥȥһֱɷʱ˳ֲɷڿγһͷħ
͡ɷӰ֮£⻶ϲڵʿܶˣ͵ʥһٻ
ᦣһᦱ㽫һȺʿС
ͷʿԪӤڵΪоһĴڣֶܴɱһȺʿֻ˵ã
Ŷ⻶ϲڲǷڷ֧ھȻһʿ򣡡Цһ־ͽʿ󱬡
ѻ󷨣ֱӴʿ֮еõϢħ֮ҲڱȽϴķȴǺԥ˳
ʿüͷһ壬˿ɲǰ
ƺǸ滻ȡһЩʹءЦ֮Ѿһ˿ɱ⣬Ȼ⻶ϲڵĻʿҪùˡ
˾һһһɣѣţ
⻶ϲڻǰһ㣬һڷ֧Ļͻ
⻶ϲͱζһζļ°ӣ͵ǲⳬһһȺ
߰ɣǾͿ浽кα£һ


519 ϲ
ʦ֣ŪŮ̫Ưˣ㵽ǴŪôõĻɫģҪ涼ĶˣƴҲҪһأһʿʶš
ĿһŮ˫Ŀգʿ̢
ʿһҵĵطһĵʿҲͬһŮӡ
컯֮£ʿȻ˿֪ܣ
˵ˣ˵ǻʦֺһµּǿ˼֣ѹµŮ¶ʹı飬ʦȴ˿ˣͣȡţ
ѵʲô飿ʿ¶һ˿ѿЦݡ
ŮӱҪõģ˭֪֪Ǹ˸ӾȻܣķôˣʦһ
ʿаЦȻʦǸ߾ˣǽʦҪռòŮӣҲ˲顣
һ뵽ŮӵĽɫգʿһȣܺŮӹ޻ϲĻǾؼһȤ
ǽɫŮȣµЩŮ޾ͺҰһ㣬Ȼζ
Ůӵһ鴤¶һ˿飬ֻϻƹһµŮӵòȻѸٿϣת˲Ů޾ͱ˰׷ԲԵ
ЩŮڵԪʵ̫ϡˣͲġʦֲмƲƲ죬ԪӤʿ˵ЩڵŮӵеԪʵ̫ȱһԪʵǲġ
ϲһŮ޵˫޷Ů֮ǻݻϧȴ˵ӶᣬѾԭȵĻϲˣ
澹ȻҪŮӽɵ£Ժҵȿûлˣʦ¶һ˿ϧɫ
ʿͲССԪӤʿܴģ֮г˼֮⣬ԪӤʿټ⻯档
ҳԣıӶŮޣȱԪӤŮޡ
֮Ů޵Ҫٵö࣬Ϊ߾Ů޸ټ
⻯Ů˴ڶ飬Ů˼еľɫ
ʵϣǾɫҲ⻯ķۡ
һΣȴĵҪŮӽɵ£ҲζŮӵ涼޷ֵ
˫޴Ҫʼˣʦֿɽһۡ
ʱϲ¶ŵƽʣ⻶ϲΪǿĿɽ˫޴ȻǲеԪӤʿһԼල֤˫޴䲻һ˿һĲ
Ϊֺû棬һЩʿǽԼѹ׵Ķ˳׼׸⻯档
ʿƨƽʱĶĲЩʿȻҪԴ塣
һ뷿֮УһŮϼڴǰϲĺɫȴ¶һ˿ݡ
ǣ㣬ЩƺŮӵһ
ҲѹҳԵĻ涼̲סҪŮӽ˫޵¡
Ϊʿĵ£⼸ĸ
ֻҪʿһ仰¼дѵŮӿĪ˵ǵ£ǶĸԸ
ʿһܹΪ֮ҲȱЩͼʸ֦Ůޡ
ǰŮȻһˣŮӵϻһɽƷӡڵ
ˣٹһʱҵ˫޴䣬ʱȫµʿ֪һϲĵ£һʿЦӵǺ֮ǰķʿмƣ
Ůһһ뵽ԼҪªʿռУвһ˿
ߣϲ￴ŮӵĲԸֻһ
ŲܶԷԸԸ⣬˱ˣ
ǿģҲҪŮŪԼĴ
˵ǿҲһζϲһ뵽Ȥϲ¶һ˿Цݡ
ŮӵУЦԵޱȵĶģ
ˣܣΧһϲڵΧϵĽҲֻһܽ⡣ӳȥҲֻΪ˵Ϊ˵ﻹΪҵĵ£ϲЦ
ŮֻƳ˻ϲһۣе֮ɫϸһ仰û˵·˵ǶԼһۣ
ߣϲһҲԸڶ˵Ťͷߣʱеǰ취
ţϲ߳Ůӵķüͷһ壬ڻϲڵϿվȻӰ
ϲʮˣԪӤʿҲʮλоȻûһ˷Ӱ
Ǳأ͵һЦȴû˿Σߵֱӽ䵽⻶ϲ֮С
ʲôˣʹҡڵĳڻϲڣЩԪӤʿֲ˵ĻǿԲˣ
˲䣬ʮǿϢˢˢĳ͡
ǻϲ˫޴䣬ЩԪӤʿƴҪǰһֵĻᣡ
䣡ǺܿǾͷͲֵܹġ
ɲǼ䣬͵ϱ˾˵ѹһ棬ʮϢͱɢǵҲ˳ȥǻĴʱͱһѷ档
һб㽫ʮλԪӤʿ
ǿʵϲһ˿ȣȻܹǻʿǽƾѹͽʮԪӤʿ֪ʵʵ̫ˡ
ϲȻΪԼҲһȴ޷ɣ͵ʵڻϲ֮ϡ
ϲ濴һۣηѣȻ˻ϲڣβ
ڣͣ͵һЦֽΪòŲͷ¶βܹ֮˵ѾָǰĻϲȻС
ͣϲ૵ͽһЩѾõĻʿһȦȴûз͵֣Ϳеĵڸδţ
ڲһɣȻҲһɣȻ޷˻ʿķۣϲ治֪ҲΪ档
ԭѣ֪ѽռٻϲкιɣϲЦЦ
ֲЦˣ⻶ϲڳһơӣ͵ǲ˼ֱŵ顣
⻶ϲڵʿۣҲô£ħһȤûС
ǾҪ㻶ϲˣҺҵڸϻɵ;УȻ㻶ϲڵ˸סˡһ
ϲüͷһ壺Ǹ۵С˵ѣֻҪ˵һ
ˣһѾնɱ˵
ϲһ㶣һ˿ŭǺܿʧ
ԪӤʿˣһٸԪӤʿҲȲһʿһʿԷһ顣
ǵѡϲ濴͡
Ϊʲôֻķŷ֧ʲôӣ͵Ц
ŶҲ֪һϲڣϲ¶һ˿ɡ
ϲڱŵţȥ֮л֪ϲǷڷ֧Ѿָˣ
ʶеԨԴЦ
͵ķĦµĵӣĦ·֮䣬ŻϲڣĦ³٣˵ԨԴҲ


520 а
ϲ¶һ˿ɻ󣬻ϲڷ֮вܴŵ֮ǹڰͻϲе㽻Ĵħʿвûνĵڣ
ѣνԨԴӺζϲ氵оۼһԤУǰƺҵġ
еɱһţ֪ܿ
˲䣬ϱǿѹʿѹޱ⻶ϲ֮ͷų
ԪӤµʿǱֲѹ裬Ϊõĸֱӱѹ
ӷ𣡡Ȼһdֽѹ˻ϲ档
ʿϲ۾һ͹
Ȼϲڱ֮ʱδţǶڷڵԹޣڻϲ֮ȴһУ
ϲһϰɫһdֽ⣡
ʿˣϲЦһ
Ȼ䣬ѪɫȻһĽһdֽɣ
ԷܹԼķһϽ嫵ķʱѹȥ
Сޣ˸ķ𷨣ǼϼһҲȲ㣡ϲЦһһɫĳһ˺嫵ķ⣬ĿŶ롣
ϲеĺڽ벻õüͷ⽣ϵϢʵ
룬ͺҲ¶һ˿
ϵľ֮ɫϲǵ⣡
˽ΪŮԹķǧʱ䣬ŰɱŮӣȡ֮ǰһ˿Թھǧ꾫ԪĽϲŶһѱϲ·ҫһ㣡
¶һ˿ɵ⽣̫죬Ļʿ⽣һ۶ȣ
˽йŹ֣ܹʿս׻δȹ̣Ƚɡ˵
˵ͷ͵ԣܵ⽣Ӱ졣
ŰɱŮӣǺôֱʣЦһһʱֲɷһʱ侹ȻŮԹϵĹϢѹ
ŮΣ
ˡս֮ϣе޾Ͳ°ڻ۵ɷǽɱ¾Ϊ֮ʿҪľ
⻶ϲŰɱŮӣмʮʿѾܲˣȴʵʵɱ¾˰ޣ弶Ĵڣ
ǿɷҲħɣϲɫ˼£ܹ˿ֲɷǻʿ֮Ҳָ
ŮԹϲ治ϧŰɱŮӣЩŮǰ޾ԹޣֻЩŮԹŻһ
ѣ˽ͣնɱˣҳЩԩ꣡һ
ˣЦһҳӵģһﻶϲʿǿʼ⻶ϲھѾעҪˣ
ҪңҲҪû£ϲЦһ
ʿ֮սǾ춯أҲδֳܷʤ
ҸոѾ˼ȵϢֻҪӸһʱ̣õļλϹҲǰæʱͷҲҪԹ
ŮޣϲеŮԹһӡ
Ͷ߾ʹŮӵһԻ
Сϵɷ͵һЩ֮ʱʧĸɸɾ
Ūǣ㻹ʸ񣡡һ
ᦶʱУǶʱ˳
弶ޣϲɫ䣬еŮԹǽӶֻһŮ˵ӳ˶ǣſҪ˶֮ϡ
ЩŮԹǰǽ˶ĥ󶼻ӵ˿µԹ
ЩŮ˵ԹȻ޷岻ϵŤţ嶼ʼ
ߣһһӣ֮еǧǶʱ˳
ŮԹ֮еԹɷ۶ɣۣмԪӤʿѾǼѵõˣ
ŮԹܹ֮еĻ࿹⣬ЩٶǽᵤڵΪԪӤڵĻǸǲڼͷ񼶱ĻǵĴ£ʱ㽫ЩԹŮɣΪ˻ǵϣ
ܣ㡭ϲεѡ
Ǻεȵƣϲڶһ֣֮ǧĻ
Ǽͷ弶޵ĻǣɢƼ侪ˣ
㡭ӣϲ
ħҲɱ¾˶飡
ϲΪԼɱ¾ŮѾĺˣħʿ֮ҲǼΪģȴݣ
̸ЦٻǧǣԪӤڻǸǧ֮࣬弶޵ĻǶͷ
ϲʾ֭Ҳ벻ݴ֮Ϻʱħͷ
ЦһȻΪԼһˣҲӲɱ޹֮еǧǾų϶ɽħɣ
ħħҲǼϡٵħ֣ھݴϸѪ֮л֮ܳ⣬ڵʿܹĿֲħ˰ɡ
ӷʩسɷ𣡡뱳޹϶ʱðһʷ⣬ʷҫ£ЩԹŮϵԹٵɢ
ϲŭһŮԹķʱŶɣԲܱ
ϲϲ˫ֺʮıȻҲ۳һ
һѪɫķ
޹ĺȻȣϲ汳ķԵޱȵĶģǸһҵĸо
ϲھ϶ˣ̾һ޹һȭȥ
ϲһЩòȻķʿһϲŵأһϲڽվЩɵģ
һаȻһȭ޹ײһ
⣡ϲ˼ǿסΣȴ˿֮ǿһĿȻ
ϲ汳һаѾһ˿ƣϲǲʵĿ뱳޹һۡ
޹𣬺ųĴڣΪֹҲֻĦһ۳û뵽ǰ޾ȻҲ۳ͬķ
Ȼ⿿аǿ۳ķֿܹģһȭѾ˵ĸǺȻķѾ˷ÿһ䣬Ƭ̣һֲķ߽֮⡣
ڣڣΪһϲھͻƾ׸𣿡ϲЦһ
ͣϲһնԼ֣Ѫʱӿ
ķʱӿѪҺգѪҺע£֮еķԾ˵ٶɢ˵ɢӦ˵ɣ
ķڱаɣ
еħطüͷһ壬һ׼Ԯ룬ҪûʿԶһ۲ʩչطԷͬСɣ
ҶԸָָա
͵˵ͷһʱɳ˻ϲڣǧǶȥ
ϲһ˿Цݣɣ


521 ɱ
¶Цݣ⻹һ¶ֱ飡
Ѿ׹֮Уƶɮ㳬ȣһ
Բѣ⻶ϲѾǰʶĻϲרſƷڣ۳޹ҲҪҿƣϲһ
һѪɫķ˲ðһѪת˲ͽķɣǺȻķۻѪʴ֮ҡҡ׹
Ѿǻϲڵͨ⻶ϲȻѾħĻϲаۺħ֮еͻϲĲԭȵĻϲ֮ϡ
ڹȻ󣬶ħЩЩ΢ĿƣһϲаȻ޹ƣ
ɣϲЦһϲаһ޹֮С
֮зΪﵽһ̶ȣ۳ı񣬱ƷҲʿĸ߶ȣԽǸߵȵķʿʵҲԽǿ
Ĵڱһ𣬾ʿܵĴˡ
Ǳ񱻻ĻôʿҲҪˣ
޹Ƿϵıǧܹ۳һҲֻĦµĴʦĦᣡ
޹ӦȺ𣬵ȴϲаѹˣ⻶ϲаһܹƷһѪУ޹ҲҪܵش
ӷ𣡡һһһֻɫ͵ץסѪ
ƺһ޴ѪԵ˵΢ȴһֶǵ·ʱײǻϲаеѪһֻɫơ
аĶͲӦóϣһֻɫ͵һ󣬾޴Ѫһ֮ºȻ飡
⡭Ǵաϲδü˵꣬ͱһޱӴ
ӷ𣡡һڷţ·Ǳһ㣡
뼴׹صʱһֻס׹˺Ȼ
ѣȻǷڽǧɫʿһЦһʯĿС
ɬһЦĦߵ伮䡷Ļһս˭˭һء
䡷Ħµߵ伮ֲֻʸ񱣹ܡ
ȻҲǱܰˣҪ䡷ȫ°ϵĳϵ֧֣õ׿ϡ
ʹ統޳Ҳûʸ⡶䡷գҪϵĵ伮󱻻ʿҲƾǿͨӶݣ
ܹĦµǿ䡷ȻѾĦµһε
⡶䡷Ħµɶֻǲʮ֮һˣһƤëǽһƤëѾܹΪ棡
ոһбǡ䡷֮еһͨƣ
ޱȺ嫵ķ֮ϣһٻ˻ϲа𣬾ǻϲ̣һʴ֮޷ʴơ
ϣƽ£뿴Զһۣ̾˿
Ϳǰλʿϲ¶һ˿֮ɫʿлһǻڵĸ֣ţٲ¶ԼƵ£ҪնɱʿҲкܴѶȡ
ʿʿ͵ʱҲһ㶣ֻлڵΪʱ˲һ
񾳽ÿǰһǼΪѵģĪ˵ںͻ֮Ĳ࣬ͬǻ֮ҲǺܴ
һս׵ĻʿһǧĻʿ֮ʵԲһ֮ϡ
ͽ׻񲻹ʮˣЩƵĻʿйʲôв
οһ߻һڵʿ˵ѹһͷ
ΪҪȥ·һ̺۵һ
͵һЦҪǰȥϲڵĻôڴԭ·ˡ
Ҫϲ𣿡һ
վԵһѪµһϲѺǶԹۣСÿȻҶɢ
Ѫ߱ǻڵʿŻѪζһЩõĻ䡣
ѪȹʿһûʲôøУνǲϲ
ͲųħʿΨѪȹʿ;
Ѫ棬Сɫα֣ˣһ
ҲãϷҲ뿴ɱѵġ𯶾ǷˣѪһ
ͿˣɱЦһͻȻðһīɫĶ
𣿡ǲ¶һ˿мЦݡ
˶ʿɵѣϾⶾ޿ײ룬вرⶾ˾³
Ƕ˵ⶾԶԶûôϵļԽЩɢĪ˵һ֮𡪡춼ϻ
ɱҪöԸĻôǴˣ
ʴֻɫĶͬһһ͡
ҵ𣡡һһ޵ĺʱס͡
֮УⸯʴȻ޷˵˼ˡ
Ŷ𣿡Ѫϲ¶һ˿ɵġѪ񹦡Ըı֮
ɱҲ¶һ˿죬Ǻܿͱ棡
߶ɱ¶һ˿֮ɫһɫҺתţ
֮һ㶡
ۼʶߵĶԣת˲һʿҶʣҲǶ޵Ĳΰˡ
ɱϾȻ֮ôҲΪɱе֮ǴӶŪģ
ȥֻСҺڿлûһӵоŸͷľſѪڣ
ͷߣ۾һͻͷ߿൱ڻʿĴڣǿֲĶҺǻʿҲ޷ܣΪҪͷ;ˣұҲδҵһ
֮ɱѵãѪ濴һͷҲ¶һ˿ɵ
ͷ֮ǻʿҲǼɵѣĪ˵һڣһⶾҺӿҲǱķݡ
ɱȻûʵȥɱһͷͷߣԵɺ֮һ֮зһͷͷߵʬ壬Ȼʱĳˢһͷͷ֮еĶѾʮһǶɱʿ˵Ȼǲɶõı
ɱ㽫ͷߵ֮еĶس˳ƾǡ𯶾Ǿͷ߱ϾǾĶߣֻʣ°ٷ֮һĶҲСƣɱġ𯶾ȻȴҲ޷ȫⶾΪصӰ죬һһİ̺ۡ
ɱҲøƾͷڵĶأ𯶾ɣǴһƿΪϵĻʿ
ƾһտĶھݵĻʿ֮Ҳһã


522 ֮
ʹǻڵʿҪһӣһ뻯ĶǻڵʿҲмּɵ
һˣʵ˱㾴֣ûʵһۡ
ͷߵĶҺͬСɣͰ̾һϹһϵɻ꽣С
ϵɻնһնɫĽâ֮ϲһ˿΢ɫ磬˾ͷߵ֮ϡ
ͷ߱ϾֻǿһζҺûģʵľͷԨ֮˲㱻ϵɻն
ٺ٣ϵˣɱ¶һ˿Цݡ
ѪҲ¶һ˿ɵɫǶ˿һԾĹ
ɱ֮綾ޱȣǱܿĻûʲô󰭣ǽöɢĻǻڵʿⶾʴһʱҲûа취رƳ
ʱɱУѾһˣ
˾ͷߵĶؾ޷ڵȻͻĵʹ࣬ʹ޷ֵġ
һЩ֮Ļʿ޷ʹ࣬ѡԱԪѡ
춼ϻ𣡡һһһԵޱȵɫʱЩɢݳ֮ٻ٣ֲ֮Ȼû˺ֺ
ʲôֶΣͿɱ¶һ˿мЦݡ
ͷߵĶȻˣɱеĲǾͷ֮ڵĶأԭȵľ綾ʵ
ľͷߣ춼ϻҲδܽٻ٣
Сݵò񣡡Ѫһ˱ǵѪζӭ
üͷ΢壬ѪʵǸɱȫһ֮ϣ򵥵һƾһΣյĸо
ҵһһֻѪɫƸһڵѪʱӿţһ˿Ѫӿ֮С
漴һֻѪɫƾʧȥҵɣ
ѪҲһ㶣һƹȻһƣǻʿһɽ׵ػһƣȻеȥ
ӵѪ֮ѪڲٿѪ֮żƣ
ѪһҪ֣漴ɫһ䣬ŵĿ͵
ˣɱŵĿŻϲڵķ
ʵĻϲ澹Ȼôˣһʿôˣ
ʿΪһ֮жĴڣԪľ֮⣬ٻвĴڡ
ϻڵǿߣ򲻹ҲɵĻ
ϲʵɱȴĻᶼûУɱ͵Ŀ֮д˼ָӵɫ
˵Ǻηʥܹ׻֮ѪڵʿҲû˿ľ⣬ǺѪֶԿɱѪ潻鲻ǳҲΪˣҲ֪ѪǿѪϵĻʿѾһ֮ڻʿ֮ҲǼΪġ
ˣˣߣѪ̾˿
֮ԮҪ»ϲϲŶ˵кô
⻶ϲҲٺǰĻʿԹ
ǺͻϲĽ黹û񵽿ǲһеΪĵزǰʿҲǺġ
ͿЦһǿеġҲˡ
ȻҪߣҲţȻаʿԼȻҲҪһĴۣ
ǰ˵ĶҲ̽ԵĹʿǵ򲻵ѵĵزǲƴġ
ѿɷ֪Ѫ濴ʵ
ڣͣͺһ׹һʱʧ˶˵֮С
׶ݣѪɫ䡣
ϵͨѪ񹦡У˵ое㲻ĻôϵͨҪˡ
û뵽ص֮Ѫһ
ոնƾͷߵһ֮ƺҲһ˿΢׵磡ɱüͷһ塣
ǰչֳ޷ǾǻϵͨѾ˸еˣ˭뵽ϻŸǿͨ
̫ǿ󣬻ҵûк𣡡ɱ˲˿ĵѾȥĻϲͷ
ϲԼҪȴҲȥ˵汳
߰ɣ֮ҪʼˣҪΪһϲʢᣡѪһ
ɱһ֮ᣬжʱһâ
ҲǣΪһ˷񣡡˵꣬˱㻯Ϊݹʧʡ
ͻصϲ֮ʱҲָĲˣĵҲָҡ
⡶䡷˲õĹ㻯ڵΪȻ޷֧ţ;̾һ
ȴǲмƲƲ죺ġʥ𹦡ȣ⡶䡷Ҳ˰ˣ
ѣҵһöеһĶ˹
һӣʱһ⿴Ƽ򵥵һȻ̺ޱȰ
ʥ֮ᣬݵѣۣ֮Ͻֻʮ֣͸¶ѹʿеܲס
ڣǻڵʿһΪ֣ʷ֮͸¶Ľ·Ҫ˵˺һ㣡뵽
һ뵽ȻǳԻ֣֮;ĵľ
ڵʿΪΪֹҲֻǼһλǱɹĹ˾ǣ
⻯֮ᣬȻʥеģһ
ʥһһξݶңŽʥ˳
ȻûŤתս֣Ҳݴӱصľ֮и˳
ʱһ֮󣡡ͳһ
⻯֮еĻʿΪħΪаֻҪǻʿԿɲμӡ
еĻʿյһʹûյֻҪ¶ʿݱɲμӡ
ײֵ꣬ĻʿʥûиҲǱȻġ
ôˣȤȥʵ
Ը͵˵ͷ
׻񲻹ʮ꣬ӴĻʿҲָ
Ȼ׻ôͱСȦ˽⡣
ʿȻϡ٣ݼҲϰλˣ
һûᡣ֪Ϣ֮Ҳǵ˵ͷ
֮ᣬҲȥˮ¶һ˿Ľɫ
ԵˮȻҲѾԪӤڵ۷壬Ҫ̤ǻ֮ȴкܳһ·Ҫߡ
úɣĻٹǾܽ׻ˣЦ
Եˮڲٶ꣬ʹٹҲһǧܹ꣬һǧ֮ǰ׻ѾǺܲˡ
ֽٶѾ׻ʿұ¶Ҳ
ꣿˮĵ̾˿ƺʱ̫ˡ
꣬ʱ͸ͷ˰ɡˮʵ
֮󣿡һ㶡
ûʲôĻѾˣ˷֮ͨС
磬¶һ˿㯡
ʲô֮󣬿ԿٳһռֻͨҪΪﵽ˻ڣֱӽ磡˵
ģԵˮǰһҲ¶һ˿ϣĿ⣡


523 
ºһʲôʱ˵ѻ
ôһ˵ԭصʱ˲٣ֻҪĹ죬ԵǺܿͿԼˡ
Ȼ˵ҪٳͷͨҪȴԴûʲôʶ
Ҳǰ̾һٳ絽ͨȻʿ½Ҫһ㣬ǾǺ徳ĴҲûʵҲҪΪ
ӵΪʿҲܹڵ棬Ϊһǿ
ȴû˵ڴʱ˵ɻҡԺǺܲġ
͵ΪѾսȹֻ̣лʿյĿռҲ죬ҲʱȥѰҾ֮еĿռͨ
õĻҵܹʹõĿռͨƾϵֵƣҪƽȹռͨҲʲô⡣
ǵһսټʧޣռͨпܱüȶȡһЩʩӹ̿ռͨ
½뵽һЩһԵıͣϣܹڽ֮ڽЩϼ롣
Ͷ˴ĲҲһ㶣󲿷ֶǼΪϧĲϣǮ򲻵ģ
ʵЩʲôʱֻǻشͨõģ֮;ͺʶûжʡ
ҪôϧϣҲͷˣʯܹ򵽵Ļãкܴһֶʯܹ򵽵ġ
ʯһƿռ䷨ıرϣϡ٣һ㶼ЩŸţڷ֮򵽿ʯļ޽ӽ㡣
Ҫܴ󣬿¾ѩ濹֮ҲδػôĿʯ
Ȼڶ֮Уʯֻеƫ°ˣЩͿ˲㶼Ѫ
ЩԽһʮɸեɣ
غԼܷ磬˿ҵֻܽЩϰУһҪЩϴ롣
ϣһεĻ֮Ҳʿɡ뵽
ҪĶʵ̫ϧ󲿷ֶӦЩʿУһõİ취
Ҳ˵ʿ֮żٰһ׻ᣬͨޡ
ʿеĶʯҲ򲻵ֻܲȡΪϵķʽ
֮ǰҲμӹĽ׻ᣬҲֻһΰˣһȷǻԼĶԶĽ׻Ҳڴ
¸嵥ʵ̫ˣֻЩϹ϶Խˡ
ʥ룬ڵλÿ˵Ǹ˴ݣ͵ٶȾûдһʱҲǴ´ࡣ
͸ϵʥ֮ʱѾǾŸ֮ˣ
ݵһɣʲôӵأ΢΢һЦ
񼶱ѹʱͷ˳ʥ֮ʿһ𣬲ŵĿˣ
ôĻʿʥʿһ㶡
Ҳѹ⼸ʿ˵ľȣͺòʵ̫ˣ
ʥʿھݵᣬھǵͣ
ʿܹӴʿڿŶص츳һ۱ܿʿĴ䡣
Ȼô׼ȷǹǶ˵Բᳬһǧ꣬һǧĻʿҲѹ˻˵ľˡ
ǶѾһǧٶˣԪӤʿĴ޻꣬õĻͻƣԼ£ȴѾǸ߸ϵĻʿһ뵽һ˾̲סֱ̾
֪ͺ䲻ٵĻҪˣ
ͺһǧ֮ǰ׻ʿ綼Ҳ˵ٶһЩˡ
λǰ˱ϾʥѡĽӴԱݵ֮ͻָ
ͽеһ׼ȷһС
ǰ룡ȷ֮Ͻ˼ֻһһ˸ߵĶڡ
͵˵ͷؾ֮С
ɶؾ֮У֮Ҳֻʥӵ˴ֱʡ
Ħʮ֮ҲܹŽǰĴڣĦµؾȴֻʥ֮ĲֱԹ
ԣ͸ſ֮ʮ˵
ڳ֮˵ʥҲֻǿԡ
ǰ֮ỹ²ŻῪʼһʱھչǰһʿ˵
ԪӤڣʥҲǴ󷽣鵭һЦ
ͬĵ˵ͷһʥٿ֮ᣬ߶ǻʿͨʿվվȣҲֻЩԪӤʿܹЩְˡ
λ֮жʿǰʵ
Ұɡʿȷ˵
٣һ
ֺԤƵ󣬾ǰݵĻʿܹپѾǶˣ֮
ǰһλ֮᲻Ծʿ༸ʿˡ˵༸ʿʿһЩȻ
Ȼܹ༸ʲôطָģͰɽǼط
ݺĴڽս֮УʥΪ侹Ȼķʿǰμӻ֮ᣬһ¾Ҳʥڴʲôˡ
ʱǰгģǧҪ֡ʿ˵
͵˵ͷԹ٣гҲϱɱĲˣ˵Ǽ֮⣬Ӧòʥ뷶Χ֮ڰɣ
ͷһʹڵϻĴҲӮ³ûƽƲ֮֮ǰʵǲͷˡ
ʥ֮еǱŨడЦ
ʿ¶һ˿Ժɫĵİʥ֮Ϊϡģǻ֮ᣬͲ
ʥ֮ıߵΪŨͽʵ
ʥʮС죬ʮ죬һ죬ÿһǿϰٱǧҪ˵ĸãȻˣֻнܴĵط֮ɫ
ʮ죬ʮС죬ɷ֮һһ˶죬ʥǲƴˡ˵
ҲǾݵһӦеĵ̣ЦЦʥӵ˶ԴҲʾ⡣
ǰǱɵĹʥѾΪλ׼סʿָ֮£ͺʥϿռٷš
˴ǰĻǰʮ֮ڣǰñȽʮѾֹϣֻܷܿͱĻǰһˡ¶һ˿Ρ
˰ʲô˼ȻֹЩʿʥ֮ȴʮڵĴ򶷲Ųʡ
ʿĸܹ֮ܺ˹һңʥĴҲʵˣЩʿ
ΧŶĹȨһЩʿѾӮ˵ռݶ죬ֻܻ뿪ʥ֮һطã


524 Ы
ʮٲȻѾΪǿߵľۼأֻлʿ֮еǿ߲ܾסǱߡ
ǰǰʮڣǲýģֻܴǰˣǰʲôǲֻһöһڵһʱ֮ڸϵʿһö͡
͵˵ͷӴ֮ͳһƿҩݸʿ
ʿҲûпʲôҩӹҩƿһ֮ת뿪
ʥĵӶ˶Ʒҩ˲мһˣ̲סֹ
Ʒн׵ҩΪ͵֮Ѿһľ磬һܹƳ
ܹʿʣؿʿڵľʹڵۺһͼֵǣܹ֮˰ٷ֮ٽᵤ쳾Ҳй֮޲
쳾Ʒ½׵ҩȻԪӤʿҲһЩãǾûЧ
ûû𣿻Ͳ֪װˡ鲻Ц
Ҳɡʼ
ʮ죬ҵҪʮʲô֮ǣִ󲽿ʮķΧ֮ڡ
飡ʱһ
ʹϰ֮гǻǱ̶ȸһȻ֮УҲԶ
ʥͰ̾һ
֮еȻҪ棬Ͼ޷֮࿹⣬ʥĵʵ̫ˣѹֻʮȾ֮
ʮƺˡ͵˵
ʮɢڸأ͵ʶ޷һԵĽ̽ȫʮ֮ɢľƣҲ֪ⶴѾˡ
ǻڵĴڣֻǻڡ˵
мͷ棬С˵ģʥķˡ̾˿
ҲüͷûһĺøС
߰ɣȻˣҲҪŪסĵطһ춼޷Ļʵ̫ˣͺһڵѹʱǵصѹȥ
ѹָĶ˺Ȼһͷ弶ޣҲϵ쳣ΪֺüȻ忪ˣ
С̫ˣ֮дһŭ
ȻѹڶϿռҵײţʣһͷ弶ƷޣȻڵĴڣ
˭˭սЫޣһЩʿֵĿŴķ
Ыޣ弶Ʒޣڰɽ֮еλߣʵǿصϿֲĶأöŷɥ
Ы޻ʮᶴʿռʮ嶴졣
ʮҲֵΣÿһλĳ̶Ⱦͻᷢ췭ظı仯˵ǰŶ֮л֮ҲǴ˵ռǰŶĸ˭û˵
ЫܹռʮŶ죬Ѿ˵ʵͬһ㣡
䣡ѹڿ͵ײһ£漴ʧΡ
ⶴƺǱĳĽƸػţʹǵѹײⶴҲûܵһ˿Ĵˡ
СӣˣЫ޺һƴ󿪣һӰʱ͵ıһȭȥ
飡޴ĺ漴ʥ
㡭Ы¶˲˼顣
סˣԼһȭȻһʿָסˣ
ԷĻЫ޻δػ˾ȣʿͨⷽȴʼǴƣЩޣǰȻޡ
Ыһ㡣͵һЦֻΪצ͵һצЫ޵ֱ϶ʱ˹ѵ
Ы¶ʹɫ͵
㲻ҵĶ֣һ˿âһѪɫβͶʱЫ޵֮ϣ޴ʱЫ޻ɣ
ˣУЫ޾Ѿˣ
ȻЫ޻û¶壬ǱһʿԵܣһ̧ͷ
һѪɫβЫ¶һ˿Թ֮ɫ޼壡
һˣ
˵㲻ЫޣʮŶ֮УĽƶʱ
Ы޺һֱ˶ʮŶ콫ԭʮŶ˴һ֮󣬶˶죬ռ˶ʮŶ졣
͵Ķ֣ȴζͺ
Ы޵Ӧúǿôֽܹ¶һ˿档
ǲǺСӱȻһĲ࣡ЦЦ
Сһһ뵽СӵĹϾͲ¶һ˿Ц⡣
뵱ͿͬʱֻСӵģСΪ˼öͶ͵Ļ֮У̰ԵСһҲǺϲ
Сӿɲһεͷʹͷ
СԴѪ֮󣬾Ǵ粽룬Ϊ˾ܹӶСҲĵĿʼ
֮ȱľǵҩҩ֮ǰСӶǰЩʳ󲿷ֵҩЧװ׵ʧˡ
СԼҲˣʵڶʱ֮ھ˳Ľǿ
ʩչѪ֮ҲֻǿסСӵһȭһ뵽СӵĶ;һ¡
СȻܻӶȴѾܹߡ
ɾͿ֮еĻݲˣǾ޴һ㣬ĶҪط׳졣
ʮŶһ֮ǿ˺öࡣ˵
͵˵ͷʥӵ˺õ֮أܹӵǿʵȻҲ֮С
ʥ֮УҲ֮УԾʮŶ֮
ЫޱϳʮŶ죿¶һ˿Ц⡣
ɺɱһ֮󣬽Ҳʥٻء
Ϊʿɶھ֮ʿûʲôøУ˵ˡ
ʦ֣һλ֮ΪλЩ壿ǰλ֮ɽھʿģʵ
ҲʦַԸġҡҡͷ
УǸˣ¶һ˿á
һȺ彫ʥģý޷ܵǣռǰŶ˾Ȼ壬һŶķˣŶ壬Ŷ壬ĺŶ춼Ǳ˸ռˣʿǿҲռ˵Ŷ졣
ʥĵؽϣݾȻķѹˣǽʥ֮˲òĻ˵Ѿȥᶴˡ
ߣɿʮŶһۣͻȻ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ܹȻѣ׻һͷʵضˣһʮŶȥ
ҡҡͷˣȥɡ
ɵʵʮ֮ϣȴĩβɱ¾֮Ȼǿ󣬵вʧң
Ȱɶϣɱ¾֮ԽԽԶ
ýԼĻ˵ɱڣ


525 ǿ
õʮŶͲûʿǰ
ⶴ֮еȻǳޱȣͨôҲ޷ȵ֮
ⶴͨʿйȻԳƵ϶츣أѵõأ͵ȴǲˡ
Ҳ֪ʹŪһ̣ڶ֮Χ塣
õҲͨĺڰӣһһס
ֻһ㣬֮ϱһöɺɵıӣ֮϶ʱ磬ִĺӶʱͱ˴롣
û뵽ն˵ĸ߳͵һЦϺһһöɺҵɵ롣
֮ðһ֮Ǻͥռ˰ڽɽ
˲ڲģҲڶļգ͵Ŀػ֮Ѿ¯ĵزҵ֮ͨϾȻûнٻ١
һӵĻһ˵Ǵʱ֮Ѿоʮӣ֮ȴûһ˿ڡ
鵹еѷɫںӵ֮϶һ㱡ĺȻϸ΢ȴҲš
ںĲٿػûͲٿػǰ㴿죡
ˣ΢΢һЦһ£涼ɫĻǣĺɲǼ㱻û
Ȼ˵ȴ¶һ˿Ц⣺Ŀػ֮ʵ̫ˣ
΢΢һЦ֮ϵĺҵʱջأͨ̾Ȼˣ
пˣͽ
ѣòˣڶ֮⴫
Ϊʮ֮һ֪ʮĽƣʵԭֱӽ붴֮Уǳڶ͵أѡͨ
ЦЦ֮Ľƶʱ򿪡
ɵѣû˰ɡ΢΢һЦ
յĻɹҲڵ˰ɡ΢΢һЦ
͵˵ͷսնɱ֮ˣɹС
¶һ˿Ц⣺ѹȻͨʿһսʹС֮Ҷܸܵǿֲ
һжȥˣѴ˴òɵİɣЦ
Ȼǣǽȥ̸ɴ󲽿˶֮С
ѿ֪ʥʮ죬ʮС죬һ죿ʵ
͵˵ͷЩϢǸǰѾܹˡ
ǵѿ֪ʮ֮еٱǧɽʵ
͵˵ͷȻЩ֪ʲô˼Լоɻġ
ǰ֮ʿĹѿ֪ʵ
ʲôʿĹʿĹͬСɣҲܱˡ
Ҳ¶һ˿֮ɫ
磬½ʿ֮أʥҲΪʿܳΪݵһɡ
ʹϵѾ֮ãƾ֮ǰĵʥǰȺۣʥЩҪɵ֡
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صһ죬ұ㽫Ϥ֪ɿԼ
һ㶣׽Ϊβϧ¶ʥĹҲҪȥǵһ졣
ᵽһһˣһڵǿߣڶ໯ʿ֮еһɹ˾ǲˮʽĻҲڲ֮䡣˵
ڡͲһ
繦ȻˣǺһڵǿΪеĻͶòһеĵʧˡ
ǷѾⶴ֮е쳣⼸һֱѰʲô繦ȻصļһڵʿȫѰҵĻ±ȻᱻѰ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ı죬ڽ˵װױˣþʿõ
ԵѾϣҽǷ˸ϳȥʵ
ɵ˵ͷˡ
ͿЦһʵ̫ˣڣǿһ֮ǿĴˣҲССĻڣܹͻڵǿ߿⣿
ŵֻҪܹռݵһ죬ұ֤֮еĹԲõʧЦ
¶һ˿Ϊ֮ɫ繦ȷǺҪһڵʿԼûаա
ǵƾĻԽһڵʿɱǻڵĻҲȷ
¾һ԰ɡ̾˿ûнס繦ջ
ͣһʿŵ繦ʧȥƽġ
ұ㾲Ѽˣɵ˵ͷ뿪ʮŶ졣
ͣҪȥսǷ𣿡¶һ˿ǣϾǿǻڵǿߣΪȥսڵǿߣʵ̫ǿˡ
İɣ򲻹ҲΣգЦЦ
ôͬˣʵ
ͬˡɵ˵ͷ
ףʥһǿߣܵʥ֮󣬱ʥ޿ƥеʵռ˵һ죡
ʦֲ׼ҵȲ룬ҵһⷨʥĵһǿߣϱһս⡣
ʦֵʵɴʦ֣ԸǰҲʮþȵġЦ
ڰʥһǿߴʱȴڵһ֮вϷţǿʶڶ֮ɨ
ָ֣оʲôüͷһ壬ɻĿ졣
֮оһָоⶴ֮ʲôţѰô죬ȴ˿ûз֡
ֹĸоȣһ̺֮֮Ե޹ؽҪˣ
һһѰţĸоԽԽԤУܹ֮ҵָоԴͷ
䣡ָо֮еʱ򣬶֮Ľƶʱ֮
ǵصѹʱѹ
սЦһ¶˲мɫ
ǷʥһǿߣȻ˸ս
ҪЩ֪ߵغСһѵȻΪҰ׺۸ˣЦһ
ڣ׷ǰսľȻһڵʿʱʱ
ͿŻ򿪵Ľ֮ɫһڵʿϣҲֱġ
ߵҲһǵĿͣ
ˣСӷˣȻȥսףһʿĳ̾˿
ڶ֮еĻ͵۾˼Ŀ˶֮⡣
Ȼ˺֣૵
֮Իֿͷ嶼ޱȣοΪɼ֮еĵλ
ڣ׺һúʿ֣Ƕ裡
ɫ䣬һ֮оȻ̺
ָǰһģʱһһɢ
һ㶣ǷʥʹδȫһڵʿҲǴ´ģκȴ׵Ļˣ


526 ֮
ϵ֮ɫⷨʥĵһǿ߹ȻǿһֱǼΪ
ˡʥ𹦡ĻܹҲԲɡ
Сӣٸһᣬͱ뿪ˣһ
ⲻ֪ߵغСԸȥѰĸоԴͷԤУһҵм洦ʵǲһڵСϷѹ
һӣһʱ˰ףʵж߰Ļش
úúãȻͱֱˣһ
ֻϽģ⼸ĺ;ݵȻͬ⼸漴ڿлûһֻӥӣ
˵Ļ޷ġսĻʿ¶һ˿ɵͷ˽ֵĻʿϸ¶һ˿Ȼɫ
˵Ҫֶαͨͷ֮ΪãʹȣһֽĹֶŸ򵥣Ҳǿ
ںͷ˵ս֮УʿûٳһеĿ
һͨķڰʥһǿߵзӳ˳˵
ֻ֮Щһб߽⣡²мĺһ
ַȡ֮ӣڼҲ㣬һıɢۼ˲ͻɢõĻըû˵˷˵Լ
¼ʶ㣬һ۱㿴޷ĵ㡣
Щ鲢֪ԷģⰬܹΪʥһǿߣһл޷Ѿʹõĳ뻯ԣҪǼģҲᡣ
˲һֻӥѾͣХŽ͵ĻɢƲֱֹ͡
ȻᷨʥĻ޷ģĿػ֮Ҳﵽ˴ɵĵزгĵ
𣿡չֳʱΧһ󾪺
һʿܹ𣬼ʹڻʿже㲻˼顣
ڳĻʿ֮Ҳмӵ𣬵ȴֻһְˣ
֮棡üͷһ壬ȻӰΣǶĻʿ˵ȴĲһĴڡ
ڶ໯ʿɵĿ֮Уĵ濪ʼںϣһֻ߷ɵĻ˳˵ǰ
ӥͻڿвϵײţ
ۻ˵ʲô֮ۻ뾹Ȼڻʿ֮£һЩʿĿ͡
Ȼһڣˡʥ𹦡֮ڵһδۻ̶˿ڻʿ֮ʿҲֻһ֮ˡ
˾ȻҸʥİױƴû֮ʵǲ֪һʿ̲סҡҡͷ
ʿҲΪȻĵ˵ͷ
էһͺͰƽɫӥͻ˻ʤ
ǱˣⰬڽֻ֮һˣȴǺķǿлûˣڼĵǰ׵ٱ
һֻôһֻΣһЦڲٿӥͬʱȻֻģһֻͨ屻渲ǵͻս֡
һ˶ʱ֧
ˣͷβⰬ׶Ϸˣꡣ
ʦܣһƺʧˣǰ׵Ķ֣ҡҡͷ͵ʵȻҪͰʿȣ˼ǧꡣ
ЦЦʦͿŰɣ˵ʵԲֹһ̶ȣ
䣡ɻ䣬޴ıըʹ˹
͵¶һ˿Цݣǰƺˣ
һ㶣Ű׵ǹȻһ˿̺죡
࣡׽һѪ͵˻ȥﱻ˿ԼһСŪѪôڵʿֱһ鶹ײˡ
ոշʲôһЩʿãȻĿϿա
ֻ͵Ļͷ޵ļл֮ҡҡ׹˱ըˣ
׺һСˣ
ոǻԱʱһ˺˷ֱӹԼ꣡
СӲ򵥣׿ʼ֣ոϷˣ̬Ҳʧ
⾪ǲҪԸĻʿе㲻ˡϧ̾˿
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һɢһƵϹؼֻһͨ˶Ϊ֮ͼ¼ȻҲһؼ֮У˲С鷳
ΪʩչĻǿ߶һС
ûԱҰ׵ʶʹֱ̣ӹ׵꣬ƵĿ˵ǵˮ©ͺͰ֮⣬ʿͲ֪ոշʲô顣
׿дʣϲͣĻŷģ͸ոֻȣһεķ̺֮Ϊˣ
ǿ߶Ҫʩչʲôͨ¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ƿʥֶˣüͷһ塣
ʩȻûлˣѵ
ͲҲ֪׶ޱصʩչģͨǺţָһ㣬һɫˢ˳ȥ
ԸַֻΧɣ
ףһһɫײһɽ֮һ㡣
Ѿһ壡
ƣʮ׻ʽն£һֲĽâ˰ס
һ㣬һķĳǰЩâ·Ǳʲôסһ㣬޷¡
ֶˣ׵͵ıһâ
ֻٸĶʱ˵֮У
䣡濪ʼֲ֮ӵص״
ʲôһеϵɻ꽣һһâȥ
žֻһâʱһָֻɢˡ
ӵص֮һͷðŻʯˣ
ƾ輸ı˵ز𣿡Ϳǰֶ˲¶˺ȻɫٲȻһǿҾ˰
СĻü׺һ
ǰĴϾಫ˫ûбҪΪһƴһĵز˵һ쳣ͶҲֶ͡
ǰֶͺһԸֲ֪ʹĿ˵ÿԸõֶΡ
һ´޴ʱǰ
ڵĿܣһξҲȵĿ֪ͣΪʲôԼʦܻƳʿˣȻ񼶱ĿܶС
񼶱Ŀܣһǻ񼶱ĿҲ޷ֶ˿⡣
飡ֶ͵ײһ
ʱɣؿڳһݣ
ߣ׵ĺһ
Ǻܿ찬ϵĵͱ棬ȻһݾȻԶԭ
飡
飡
Ȼڿյ֮ϲϵײţֶȻȻҪǿһߣκλӵԶظһݻ٣һֱս


527 
Ƿʥǿߣɷ۳ֶ˼˻ڵʵ̾һ
ֶ˲ϵײţսʿҲһ֮ϣʿ֮սΪܴӴ˷֮вһЩĻҲǴ洦
ָ׺һ
ֻǰһһͱһɾ޴У
ۣҲ̲סһѪ
ٺ٣СӸҺͰ׽а壬þ׸ɱˣЫ¶Թɫ
ǿʵ˲Ϣ֮ͽܣϳʮŶ죬˵ܴ裬͵ʵȴɵѡ
չֳҲδ͵Ķְ֣һǿ֣߳ЫȻǻϲޱȡ
ЫаڷʱͽǱң͵ס塣
һаָҲѪܲ׺һ
İһֱţû뵽վȻܹⷨʥľѧͲȥǵѪЦ
ʥеڷʥ֮жðʿҲǷëǡ
ڷԭ֮ϣΪﵽڵʿᱻʦĳƺţܹԲľ磬õʦĳƺţݹ۷ԭӵаʦ֮Ҳλڰʦʷ϶ûгֹλ
Ⱜױӽʦ֮ˣ
һֳɾ˷ʿϵĳƺţɼǿ
Ǽ򵥵İָһͻˡ
żͷϵĶҲһ£ָʵ̫ˡ
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ںֶ˵Ķս֮Ҳ·磬һսôͼ䲻
ʹ֪ԼƣҲô繦־ڱصã
Ѫһתһʱʥ
ʥ֮л֮󣬶ſ˵ϣ岻ϵĲš
Ы¶һ˿־֮ɫĿ־塣
Ы޲һͷʳѪҺЫޣɢĴϢһη塣
޼壡սĻʿ̲ס˳
޼ʿϹʱҲǴʣͷ֮ʢ˿ϹŽ֮£Ҳ꼻һ֣ܿЩʿͻȻʧˡ
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ֻһһЩʿвϵš
޼壡бһâ
޼ʿڶһ֮Ѫ֮ѪƷҲܹ޵Ķ١
ĽֻܽԼһֱ޵һ֣ǿĿȫޣҪһǣ֮ѪǿӶģ
׿͵Ŀ֮Ѿһ˿ֻ̰Ҫɱͽڵ֮Ѫһ֮ѪԱޣʵԴƿ
ǰףսĻʿĺó
𣡡ѪɢȥѾ˰˰̬ưĿŰףʱ͵Ϊһ޽ӽڻڡ
ȻԼʵһΣȺ֮еĶɽٵһ
Ħֻ֮жɽһǰμһεĻ֮ᣬѺͶɶĦ¡
ʵı仯֮󣬹սĻʿˣ
ǻʿҲ޷ջ󰡣
е̰ת޾ɱ
˱Ҫзĺ
ֻҪɱͣڵ֮Ѫˣ
еˡҡҡͷ
ƥﻳӵ˱Ϊ޾鷳
𣿡ǲ¶һ˿Цݡ
ʦкθ߼ʵ
ʵŽлӵػ֮ѪʵǱ쾭壡
飡ɰ֮֮͵ٶҲΡ
ĻڵǿҲֻǿһѪɫĲӰ
飡צ͵ֶ˵ͷ­֮ϡ
ֶǺɫĻҲϵѪ⵲סû˺ֺ
һצ£ֶ˵ͷ­ʱѣ
˻һЩҪ֮ѪĻʿʱ;һɺӽŵ׹ᴩš
ֲٶȣټϿֲڳĻʿɲұ֤ԼĹ֮°Ȼ¡
Ҳһֶ˵ķΪȻһצ͸Դ֮Ҳûмɡ
ߣ֮ѪȻǿ˹е̰ʢ
һβͶʱһ飬ݺݵسֶ˵޴ɢֶ˵塣
С̫СҷʥˣЦһ
ֶ˲Ļþʿ岻ѡ
䣡ֻϼעֶ˵֮С
ͺǧٿ׵ֶϵĺɫǿ˼֣ϵ˺˲ʧ
ȻҪǼģЦһ
ֶֻһĿܣڲǼ֮ǻٻǼģֶ˾ǲĴڡ
飡һצӡֶ˵ţǿֶӲĴ˵
⻹𣿾Ҳδӵ˿ֲɣ
ֶ˫͵
һ㣡һ˫ȭӭֶ˵˫֡
ˣˣȻѪֶ֮ӲƴһЩʿ̲ס˳
䣡ͺֶ˺ݺݵײһ߶ײڷԲʮ֮Ű
ڹսĶǻʿСС绹޷˺ǣǽᵤʿ糶Ļת˲ᱻ˺ƬԪӤʿҲδ߳
žֶ˱΢ǾСȴӳ˳ʿ֪
һײ֮£ԿľȻֶˣʱֶ˵˫ֱϾըѣ
һһȭֶ˵ؿڣؿڵʯʱ䣬¶ɢ΢ķģ
ֶˣˣЦһһɰѪʱͽɢֶڵķʴ
һʵķľȻ׵Ļˣ
û˷Ļֶ˲ͱһ飬ҵɢڵϡ
ҲһĿ͡
ȻҲֶ֪˵㣬ȴ޷ֱӳ׵Ľݻ١
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ЩҪӶ֮ѪĻʿǽ뷨׵ĴԴ֮
ͿЩʿϵĻҰ֮ɫЦһ
ôǰʹ֮ζ׼ѾǵǸ׸ʿѾǻʿһ֮Ϊǿʿ֮һ
֮ǿʵԶõԣҪŰڵǿˣ͵ʵ


528 ʤ
֮ⰬױΪ͵̤ʯΪ̤뻯ʿһȦӵõש
ʯֶ֮֮ͺһһֱӹ˰ס
Цһ˼һľһĶС
ȣɺһ׾ȻƵĶ˷ȡ
ʿ;ʿ֮ȴǷˣ
ʿķǧٹ֣ʲôУЩʿὫԼķƳӵӡ
ڷʿ֮оԲ֣зʿķһɫķȣ
ȵʽܻһЩ仯ǾԲֵһĶ
еķȶʱҫ۵ĹâһֲĽʱն
⽣âͬСɣҲӲ
飡һֲĽâնϵɻ꽣֮ϣ֮ͶĿֲ
ϵɻ꽣ָǱֲˣתΪ֮ϼֱġ
Ⱜ׾Բǽ֣ܿһľͷʩչ˿ֲĽâа
һâϬնһУϹŽ⾳
Ƿʿ֮УûóʿǷʥ֮Ҳй
Ⱜ׵ķ֮۵ķӡֶˣɺһ
Ҳ¶һ˿ɱ⣬Ⱜ׾ȻǶ˵˺޼ɵʹ÷֮еķӡΪˡ
͵һκͷʿ򽻵֪еİڡ
Ƕʥ˵ǺЩ˴ýɲһˣ˫֪֪ˡ
ʥ֮һһⰬܹʩչϹŽԭ
һ뵽ĴۣϾðɭȻɱ
Сϵ֮ѪҪˣһ
ǾͿûˡЦһϵɻ꽣һն¡
ײмЦһһӣһ㵲סϵɻ꽣
Ǿͨüͷһ塣
ԴⰬóһʩչ˲ʮͨǾݵͨȷڷʿ֮вûͨ
ܹа֮£Ŀɣ״һ
а֮Ȼ˴֮Ͷе𾪣
ǷˣΧ۵ĻʿͻȻٺˡ
һķ֮ǿԲ֮ǰİָܹģⰬһ˿֮
ʿһ֮ƴʱˣ˫Ȼǲݵľ棬ⰬȻҪˣ
Ϲˣʦǻǿ𣿡üͷ
ʦַģδȫʹܴܰףԱȴǴ´࣡ɵһЦ
Сҷʥϰռ籩״һǰĿռ֮ʱÿ񱩣ƬһƬ֮ڵĿռ֮Ѿγһ硣
ռͨʹʧɫ̺֮Ȼּʶ˿ռͨ
鿿츳ǿŷʥϰʩչռ֮ˣ
ռ籩ҾһᣡЦһ
ڵġʥ𹦡ʱת֮ڵ춼ϻ˳šʥ𹦡ת
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һ˾ȴҲ޹
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׺һ
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䣡ɹʱ˿ռ籩֮С
ҵĿռ֮˺Żɹɹײ˿ռ籩֮У˾ɵô󼱣͵ǻɹԲܳκε⡣
ڷʥİҲ˽⣬ⰬǷʥ֮еǿߣʩչİȻͬն
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ϻ֮ҿ㵽ʲôͰɣа
ϻ֮ʵһڵʿȫ춼ϻĻɹ֮Уʵһ¥
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һ˲䣬ɹ·ӵһ㣬춼ϻڷ籩֮γһͷɫ룡
룡ΪϹޣܹĴڣȻܹϳ
䣡һͷһצĳʱγһ磬Կſռ籩
ˣ¿ڿռ籩֮вŤ벻мƲƲ졣
䣡һצ
üͷ͵Ѳ̶ȼֱԤϣռ籩޷£ȥҪΪ˵Цˡ
еаȨ͵ע˼֮ڵǿ϶¶һ˿ͬϲɫ
֮κλʿ˵Ǽģʹǻڵʿڵ֮ҲǼޡ
ڶԸССĻʿ֮оȻķĵ֮һ;ޱȵʹġ
תһ룬ֻҪɱͱܵõ֮Ѫܵõһɹķѵ֮Ҳ˻ر
Сͺһ
ڵ֮ʱӿϵɻ꽣֮Уһͷɫʱϵɻ꽣֮ϡ
׵֮ϸݵĻô͵֮ǱڵĽˮȫһ֮ϡ
ϵɻնʹһȫһԻڵǿߣ˿ı
ɫĽâͬһ磬˿ռ籩ֱն˰ס
ˣһҪͷȻ˶ݵʧ
Ǻܿ㷴ӦȴΪʱ޷ܸ޷ʩչֵͨһ
䣡ɫĽâʱ˰׵壬׵ʱ͵˳ȥ
ǧһ֮ʣеаȵֵסһа֮ϵķӡһˣâ֮ϵ˿˿ҲԾ˿ͷ
ʱİﻹлڵķ緶ȫڣͷϵĵҲǧٿס
һȻûҪҲˣ
״һռ籩ʱִ˼֡
һ˲䣬һ˰׵Ĳ֮ϡ
׼ѵĿһԼϵĳ
ˣûڵǿ߾ȻܸһڵС


529 
׵İܱΧ۵Ļʿ˵һ
ûڵǿߣһ綼ǶĴڣȻһڵС
СΪһоס𣿡׺һָһбס
飡Ȼ䣬͵ͱɢΪһѻ档
ѣЦһڵʿһ㶼Ļ˵ȥҪЦˡ
ҪҪһһͻȻ˰׵ıϵɻ꽣ʱ˰׵֮УֻҪԸ⣬һ̰ױɢ
ǰ׵ȴû¶˿ľ⣬Ц
СѲΪֻɣ״Цһ
͵ת˿⼸Ҫ̵ĳһץס͵֣ϸ¶һ˿Цݡ
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¡޴ıըڿһĢơ
׵Ӱʱ˿УűըеЦһ
ͬ˵ǰ㣬¼䲻ֻһ˻ʥ֮Ҳͬӵͨ
ױϾһڵǿߣ˰ܱĪ˵ʥҲ󽵣ԲԸ顣
а֮һöѾðķӡ¶һ˿ϧɫ
ǿһöӡ֮еͨסǱɱһ
ʹһʱһļµĸоԾľͶһöӡ
ʵҲ֤һöӡȷģһѾӵвʿǰҲûаһ֮кˡ
һöӡ֮зӡͨȻھݶΪģһΪͨʮ
ʮֻһһɲãǿ󣬵ҲǼΪѣһ֮Ҳûжʿܹʮɵĵز
ǧһ֮ʣױǼⷨӡ֮еʮޱǿĽסϵɻն
ʥķӡȷ൱ļ֣ɺһ
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ڰΪͱɵʱһѪɫӰ͵ĳĢƣ
ÿֲɷ̲סüͷϵɷȻ˿ڽ֮£Ҫǿɶţ֮л˵ɷȽɻҪǿ
ᦳ͵һҡһɫСϺʢ
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ǻᦣһ
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СӣȻ䣬͵۾֮Ϣһ弶ޣ
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ҲҪǿһ
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ͣһ͵ı
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ʦ֣ٲȻʧˡ¶һ˿ɱЩʥĵ֮ɱ͵ĻʥкĿԾʿ
䣡˫ײʱһЯ֮
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ס֣֮дһȡ
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ʥ֮ϽʿѰΥɱɱһҲӡ
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ڻʿ˵ǵָһ˲䣬ҽҲǵһαˡ
鱦Ҳ鱦µѵ
͵˵ͷҲֻ鱦Ż˴ѹϵɻ꽣֮ϣ
ʥɹɽսʥ𣿡ʿϵѹʢ
һ֮Ȼѹ˽λ񼶱ʿ
˾Ͱ׵Ҳ¶һ˿ȻͬΪڣ֮ȴżĲࡣ
ǰǱ㶼ǻʿΪͽ֮ĲСڿǵûСһּٶ
Ҳֻй֮һսˡ˾뵽
ߣ׺һʿʱߡ
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ᶴҿһֻ۱һֻۣ˽Ѱ𣬾ͱҽ顣ɺһ
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ⶴ컻ˣһ
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ԵһʼޱȰԵ̬ڶʿǰ
ɿ͵ʱ¶һ˿͵ɫһɱƺųԱǧͷһ
ᦿʮ֮еϴ¶һ˿Ц⣺ˣΪεڲų֣
뿴㵽ܹߵʲôزӵ֮ѪʥġתЦ
һ㶣û뵽⡶תȻʥС
һˣö֮б繦֮ڡȻǰʦţʥ˵һһʳԣһö֮Žɺͽ뿪
һս㵽Ϊʲôˣ˷ʥǿߣΪľͽһ繦֮ıԹ
Ͱе򣺡Щ˱ʹڣ޷ǽһݳ޴Ӱаڵϰˡ
ɹ֪лɹˣͺͰɽĳͽˣ˫ǲݵľ档
ջݵʱͽĽһˣϺݺݵһƣҲ˰ˡ
ڷʥİף֮ͷԼҲǺ޷֮
ƴȫĻδزܺⰬ׶һ
֮е֮Ȼϡһ㣬ȴ޾ڻ۵֮ȰڵʿҪ࣬Ǿƣոһնɱף
ʥټ»ʿĿҲ˼Ǽ򵥵һξۻˣ


530 ޾дӡ
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һ֮е֮֮£ڻʿҲǴкô
ʮ֮б˱أֻʮܹǺεȵǿ󣬿Ҫǿ˰ɡ
ͱΪľ֮Ѿһ֮һһˣ˭뵽ʥΪǿ
ڶڵһˮ̶ͣ
һˮ̶ײ֪˶ٱˣȴûзˮ̶֮ʲô쳣
ˮ̶̶Ҳûʲô쳣ʶһɨһš
һɡͳ˻֡
繦Ϊ̲סʵ繦˵Ҳһջ
ЦЦ֮ܳΪһСֶΣСֶȴĸ
Ŀ֮УһָȵĻʱע⴦ˮ̶֮С
ˮ̶֮вǷˮܾסļ尾ˮ̶˲ɺԡ
֮һĻҲ˵ǰЩҺξȻⶴǽ֮ϻۡ
һµķڶʯ֣֮
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ѧϰ֣һ֮жֵʿԲࡣ
Ϊ繦õǷ֣û뵽ȴ֡
ȴҡҡͷȻ֮ǰѩ濹ĹǶֻһ֪
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һյĹЩˮȥ»۵ˮ̶֮У·һжûзһ㡣
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޾дӡñǾн޾жֲ޾е˼
ת޾дӡһץһ֮е֮ʱһ𣬲Ƭ͵бһСĽᾧ
һԡͽеһᾧݸ顣
ͱһᾧ̺֮֮סˣһᾧȻǴ֮ɵģ
תڵת˲һᾧ㱻գΪ˴֮
һ˿ϲɫҲ޾дӡ֮
޾дӡȻܹ֮нһĽᾧĽᾧױʿա
ոһСĽᾧ൱ʮ
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ʥ֮еҲľн֮ɡ
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ȴ¶һ˿֮ɫ޾дӡڱ˵ǼߣǶ˵һʾ޴ĲƸ
ӵ͸Ͳںһ֮ģȻ֮е֮ϡȴԴԴϣնݽߣ޾дӡ;˴ɾˣ
ΪҪĲǲ·أ
ƱָʯֻʯصģҪΪʿҪʯ˵ĿֲûʯҪǸܵģ
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ڻʿȦ֮УɾٲȻΪһָΪ߼Ļҡ
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ϾһڵΪսĻʿɲʲô˶ܰ쵽ġ
οʿķͲԸҲֵÿԱ
վʿ뷨սսսԼ飬ֲЩ֣е֮£ʿ˵ǱȽŽġ
ǰμӻ֮ʿһٶκһȽ϶ѷɫһĴĻݾʹھԵˡ
ͿЫЦһЫ޿͵Ŀ֮мηзŭ
Ыǲ֪ҵĻͲΪԼһͷ弶޵Ļǡ
䣡Ȼ䣬ʮϢȵڶʿǰ
ʮɣ׵ʿ¶һ˿ɵͬʱҲԹޡ
ʮɵĳ֣ǴõľƳ׵߽⣬ʮϿɶմŸǿߵѪҺ
һǰٶʿ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ƽջʿǼΪĴڣһӾȻۼٶʿ˿ֲԽ·׳ˣ


531 
ɵһУ֮жʱһ޴Ļ
֮ϣ˴ϹʿϹŽޣҲ޼ˡ
ЩʿһӵлصĴͨʿЩʿһر
ЩʿĶ棬ĿĹЩͭƤǣЩϹʿսһ
һת޴֮ͨϾ޴Ĺأ
֮һʿʿϵѹͶصʣȻһ֮еˣ
ܣͿ⻭аֹһ
Ҳǵ˵ͷʣ⻭ıϹʱڵһս
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˵ħʿƺˣΪĿĹӹ֮ʿȴɷǣ֮γĶԱȡ
ʹħûʲôøеҲòħ֮еʿˡ
˵ħʿʿûж
ħĺɺĺʥЩħ֮еλʿʵ˽ʿ޶¡
ڶʿĳ֮Уħ˱ͷۣϲѪʳĹ
ħһĴҲΪ˹һĴڣ
˵ףҲֻĲͬ
һ֮壬壬壬ħҲħ֮еһԱˡ
ʣڽչֳĻ֮УϹʿʿħʿڶħնɱǽһЩħʿӡһսʿϹʿʤա
ȻֻǼ򵥵Ļ棬ȴܴ򵥵Ļ֮иܵϹʿص
ͣ׺˾϶¶һ˿˼֮ɫ
һսڵʿ˵һƬհףǷʥһʷƾõĴڣһսϢҲ޼
ճ˵ʥһս֮ǰѾˣһܶһ֪
˵֣һսʿһҹ֮ʧĸɸɾ·Ͳһ㡣
ҲһսϹʿû䣬ϹŽΪϹʿʧʷĳ֮Уˮƽ½
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һս弸ֶԿħ磬ͬ飬ڸԵжԵĸе㲻˼顣
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ʥزصɽӻ¼һսȻֻһ㣬Ҳλ˽һս֮ʼĩЦ
ص㣡õĺһ
΢΢һЦ֮ǰչֳİԵȫͬʱĽɷ·һλܺ˵Ľ
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ԭΪռֻ֮ͨԼһ֪ȴСʥȻϹʱھѾ֪ռͨڡ
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λѾվһ綥˵ˣǴˣĴ򶷲СӹҼҰˣҵĿǷ磡ɵһЦ
ȴ֪ɾԲֳǰͣԵһѾӡ˽ɵĹ
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ʹʿѾһЩνĸز飬޷ǧ˵
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Ȼʥļ룬ʹþʵǻûеķȴĵزǻռžԵƣֻҪȥݱض䡣
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Ծݸɵĵֻ̣Ҫʱ䣬ǿʿϾʿͨطδزķ֮С
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ڻʿϣݿ˵ǴھԵƣʥʮɣҲһٶʿķ֮ʿȴԴﵽİ֮Ǿݵҡ
ʿܴҲһĵز
Ǵụ́񲻾ҪǾһЦһ
ķʿҲǵ˵ͷȻܹе
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Ȼкһ
жʱһâ棿
֪ռͨ棿˾
˾һʣҲеʣռֻͨʥһ֪˭ܱ֤ûˢʲô
ƺϵôһʣռֲͨھݸأΪһսĹϵټѾȥôʱ䣬ЩռֲͨʹõҲ
ڳʿΪȻĵ˵ͷռͨĻʥͷˣλǷϻ
ռͨٿ²һ¾ŵռͨѾٵĲˣʥһ֮޷临ԭ
Ȼв²⣬ҲƣҪʥ«ﵽʲôҩ
λֻҪʥˣռͨλұ޳ĸ֪ƴʢ
ˣڳһЩʿɫһ䡣
˾˸ǾɵĿŽɡ
ķΧб˵ĴߣʥԾռͨΪۣȻҪǽˡ
˽ӴŻ֪Ŀ¡
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Ҳͬǳ͵Ԥϣû뵽ʥȻҪˡ
ͺ˽Թ˵Ҫ֮ãԼ鱳ʲô


532 
ҪȻΪУǷʥİҲòһ¡
ռ֮ͨʵ̫ˣһǿĻʿ޷ջ
ʹ֪ռͨѾ޷ʹãȴ޷ϵľܾɵ
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̶ֳȵʿݺķսСӹҼҰˣǵݸͲӦòС
Ҫõռ֮ͨҲһ׵飬Ҫǰ׺˾
Ҳ֪·ͬСɣʹǻʿҲҪǳʱ俼ǣҲûҪھ͸𰸡
λѣһλ֮ѵýλۼһǾȥʵ̫ɨˣ֡
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ϣһƬ۶˵һƬսףĶ廨ѴҲ˷ѡ
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һС
˾ҲͰˣϾҲǻڣ϶ԷԼʸ
ʲôһССĻʿȻ֪һš
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533 
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˾ҡҡͷһóˣɼ־ڱصãʹҲвһǵıȴֵô
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һͷڹĿǰˣŵңʹЦһ
ֻһһȭͷСɫʺƯ˿С
ۣɫѪҺһʺ죬֮еƷɵ˵ͷϾʮ֮ףʶ㣬ʹһ֮мΪϡٵһ۶ܿҶҲ֪֮꣬ʥ֮Ҳ۵Ĵڡ
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ͨʿһӶδܶһΣǿҲǶһΣҲǽһεĶ˻ڵƿʮ֮ɹ׻ڣΪһ֮ǿʿ֮һ
Ͳǻڣ˺Ľ״̬ʵĽʣ
ɿ˰׺һۣ¶ɫվ͵ǰ͵µĽҿ˵ڶС
ҲǾĿܣ˴͵Ķ
ʿ˵ǧѷĻᣬ˴͵ĶĻǾǲѪɱ޶Ҳˡ
ʿĬĳԿ£Ŀķʿ
Ȼ֮д󲿷ֺûʲô飬ǾʿǾͲķʿ͵Ķ
ɽڶд򿪣¶һξӨҺ塣
д򿪵һɲǣڳĻʿһ
ɢζڵڲѣеҺǷǱѰ
ˮ׹ǣֻҪһλˮ㱻г룬Ҳܸԭӳʿķ֮һԪɵ˵
Ԫʿֵʱ򼸺ߣ
ˮǴ˵еĻˮĶһҺ塣
׽Ѿǧٶ꣬뻯ʿĴ޲ٶˣ޷Ļֻðǿд򿪿ռ硣
ûʲô𣬻ˮܹӳʿķ֮һԪκʿǳġ
һڵʿһλˮӳʮԪǻʿõĻͿӳһǧٶԪ
ڻʿ˵ԪΪҪ飬˵⻹ˮǰһûôˡ
һЩԪĻʿϸ¶һ˿д򶨾ǲϧһдҲҪ⻹ˮŪ֣Щ֮û˻ŪԪһû˾ͳˡ
ʿķʹʱûһ˿һĹϵʱһĶ֮С
ʣһչֳսޱǿսֻһսܽӵ¡
Ժ֮вϵţҪһսһĶ֮սڡ
ݹ鼫ķͽ˶״̬ǧʱ䣬ҲδܴЩɢĶ֮ݳ׵ս
ǽ״̬֮͵ıޱȵĿ飬ƾЩɢĶݳ׵Ķ·һ֧εĻʰƵĻ油ȫһ㡣
һһ飬һһ飬ܶʼţֱ֮ɢϢ׵ɢ
ָоʧҲ˳˶״̬
ȻûнսݳҲЩĶ֮ݳ˾ʽս
ŴӲһöεӡɢȸУͲ¶һ˿Цݣ֮еĲʡԹ޶Ѿɢȡ֮һοĸо
Ҳ֪ԼΪλָоһö֪Լľ˼̳˰ɣ
ʽ͸һս֣Ժ֮еһɫͱһΪԼݳս
ĳ̶ֳ˵һսѾһսͼԼĸγɵȫµս˵ͨʹ״̬֮£Ҳʹһս
Ϳһǵӣһ㶣ôˣ
ոնˣһͱЩ˸ˣ鿴֮ʱõĺһ


534 ʽ
кâԼڶڼıŵĻǲ룬⡶ʽ겻ɵġ
ʹûг֣˭ó׺֮ڽɵƲûг֣Ī˵⡶ʽᱻǶߡ
뵽ͶԽҲһ˿øУǳʲôĿıɰһʵ
˾һһһɣһ硣
ЩʿģҲĿ顣
ˮһû뵽ʥȻֶóˡ
ڻˮҲе˼ǻûзҪɵĵز
ڻˮĴ̼֮£ЩʿҲǽԼϵ׸Ϳˣƽնѵһ䣬Ȼ˳
Щ浹Ƿ˲嵥ϵĶԽЩ˭ͱĿԼݳġʽ
ܹ⡶ʽڻͨĻʵȻǣԻлڶ⡣
ʽ˼ֻоʽÿһʽǻأˮ̽צѵأ죬ǣХ£գ
ÿһнǾ춯صɱУڵΪҲܹʩչˣ֮Ǳв
˫ĿգԺ֮һϵţظʽɱС
룬͵ıͻȻһӰɢ˵
һӰ𽥱ʵ漴һ͵˫֮϶һӡǣ
еĻʿע˻ˮ֮ϣڷһľȻֻһˡ
иˣЦ
͵˵ͷս֣ǽո򵽵Ĺһ¡
Һۣһۣ˱ͨ֡
ûһ㶡
ŮӣҲǻʿһӵбѪʿԶͨʿҪǿ
һȻᱻ죬Ϳǲ˼顣
ѵһߣԼֵ䣬һɫӡɢ΢Ĺâ
Ȼа̾һ
֮ϣҲһͬӡǡ
ԼġʽȻΪӡԼ˫֮ϣԼԡʽļӡǻԽԽʵ
ӡǻżǿЧ֮͵ֱ֮Ѿӳ֮ʹת̬Ҳܷӳ
һеĸıԴϵһöۣһöѾΪһ壬͵Ĳһεӡǡ
ѵʥۣԺ֮ͻȻðһޱ𾪵뷨
ʥ֮еʹ֮ҲޱǿĴڣҪӵжǿܽնɱۣ
ս˵۲һͷģһͷ൱ں徳ܹܵաʽֻصĿֲս
ͽޱȿЦ뷨
û°ɣ鼱еĿͣͱֳ״ǵǡ
û£ֻ뵽һЩЦ顣΢΢һЦ
һľ֮һˮ֮ɹ˸߰ĴۣһλˮС
˴ֱʣ⡣
ľ֮Ϳˮ֮ɹӵеҲԲ࣬ʹ˾ҲҪ⻹ˮõ֣ɼ⻹ˮ
һҾӣȲ蹫λѿнЦ
֮Ѿǵһˣ׻ÿһ춼УһεĻ֮һЩͬķļ룬ʹ⽻׻Щ΢
ʿΪһСȦӣķһȦӡ
֮һ֮ãʥΪһεĻ֮׼н׻ᣬ۵ᣬʿｻĵã˼桢Ǳ쳵ֻм˵۽翪ܸΪ˳
ѪҶһҩټѾƬҶˡͿһʿǰѪɫСЦ
һʿ͵˵ͷȻǽ׻ᣬ߱ϾǻʿǲԽݣͽֱСһߺȣҪͻߡ
ҪſϽʵ
ʮʯ顣Ƴһۡ
Ρüͷ
ҡҡͷ̫ˣѪҶ˵ҲǧĻˣ߽ƷҩܹǧĻɲװ
ʮ̫ˡҡҡͷ
ѪҶҲǱ֮ԣܻὫһЩϡеҩֲ֮Уϣܹɱ䡣
˵Σ˵βˣ˵
ԣ˦һƿ治಻ǰ˵ʯ顣
һӣһѪҶͱ֮С
ʯ𣿡Ϳĵؽ簵̾һһ֮󲽿ڵء
¸嵥֮Уʯܴ֮³֮⣬Ҫ˴ĿʯǼѵ顣
Ŀ֮Уֱ˰ſʯǰ
ʦͿǰ岻üͷ
Ȼǰ˺ӡ֮еԶɢϢʦ൱ڻʿĴڡ
ʿﲻӭ㡣ߺһ
Ȼǽ׻ᣬôαط־ݺ壿΢΢һЦһƿҩߵǰ
ҩһ˿ɶһ㣬ȱҩȻҲὫֻΪȥˡ
ʲôҩҴûм߲õüͷ
ȱٵҩǲζǶԵҩ˽⣬ʦھݵĵҩҲԣ֪֮вûֵҩ
ǼƷн׵ҩܹ壡ֻһ򵥵Ľܣʹ˵Ҫѻ˵
⼫ھеĵҩ֮صĵҩϹʱ޴鵤
һܹʿٱǧ֮ûʿҷֵҩ
޵ķţʳֵҩļռ˾ųϡ
ʹڵ岻ޣûϵȵ޷֮ǰǾԲ̷⼫ġ
֪˵Ǽ٣һ
һŲ֪ˣ͵һЦ
Ƕҩô죿Աߵʦһ
СһˣͰѰ˳ѰĽȥԻĨĨͣһӵĿߡ
͸Ѱʳ⼫Ȼһİա
ѰȻֻһͷ޶㲻ϡ
⼸͸ԵĶҲˣҩҩЩܶѳһСɽˡǸһͷԣڿҲѳһͷļˣѰһ޺ӣ·ЩǱԵһ㡣
ͨѰֻܻһ꣬͵õСһѾˣСһﻹǻĺúõģһ㵹Щ棡


535 
Ѱ̷һöûʲô쳣еľԼ
ֻߴƿ֮еһ˱ǵ߾һ
Ʒн׵ҩʹ֮Ҳ
Ȼʮ֮ҲܹƵҩĲ䣬ƷʻҩЧ϶ĵҩ
Ƴһۣϣһҩ˵ǰ档
˵꣬߱㽫һȥ
ʦΧм䣬һ߳ʲôĻͱʮʦĹ
⼫һߵɢ˾֮ߵ岻ϵţתۼʹһȦ
ʵ̫ˣ߾ϲĿһƿù֮Ż֪⼫á
һ𵤾Ȼͽήҵָ۷ʱڣ
֮еĵλߣ˵һǰμӻ֮ĵĵڶλ߽֮ڻ
ӵ˳ߵĵλҲѹֻʦӣ
ѣ⼫Ҫúｻ¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ȼ͸óȻ֪⼫żԵãߴʱҲǺԼ⼫𵤵ĳȡ
һʯһָ
ʯ߳һ
ʯĵزЩֻĿʯ⴫Ҳ˾ݿռ䷨ϡٵľ档
ͿھҪʯе㷸ѡ
ϣ಻šͬʦ⿪ڵȴ˾ܹһʦͷһĸԸĵͷǻδֵز
Բԣ󲽿ǸһĿ͡
ʿȥﲻӭ㣡ǿֲѹʱѹ͡
񿰱ȻʿѹƵͽ˼
ס֣ͻȻŭһ
ϣѵҪʿף¶һ˿ŭ
£һ
֮һ֮ޱȣһһԾӣʹһ֮Ҳûʸ֣
߾ȻΪ֣ɼ֮Ҳ˲õĴڡ
ҴӸոҪ񶼶мӡ
⼫ôһͽڵı𯶾ʮ֮һߵ˵
𯶾һǱΪʮ֮һľ綾;ͷߵĶҺ
ͷ⣬𯶾ܹ֮ȻҲǾ綾ޱȣ
ʮκһֶûʿڷ߾Ȼ˱𯶾
;ֱǲ˼飬¼侹Ȼʮܻ
Ҳұ֤Լܹʮ֮´ʹѾѪҺĿƴﵽĵزƳѪǱ𯶾ɲǿѪҺɱʿģ˵𯶾ͲʿƳʱ䡣
һ㶣漴ϲĿߣ棿
Ϊһƭ𣿡üͷһ
˵ͷ⼫ǶҪˣ
ʼ򣬷ֻҪŪʯʲôܺûһ˿һĹϵ
ϣԤҪټŹʵ
ҩõԽ࣬ЧԽҪ𯶾ĻҪϣ̾˿
ǻǿ߶̲סһ
Ʒн׵ҩĪ˵ûôĿʯԷûδ֪֮
ҩƷԽߣҲԽƣʹ֮ɫʦƷн׵ҩɹҲԲᳬɡ
ܹóһƿƷн׵ҩѾЩˡ
ʵڣǻҲΪܹóôƷн׵ҩ
ʵ֮䲢ûоԵϵ
ҪƸ߽׵ҩӦΪ޷֧ĵ
ΪߵȴһܹƵҩ
жټҶˣ˵
ˣǲһ˿Цݡ
Ϊû𣿡һ
ƿѾǶˣƷҩɲǾֵҩǰƿģҲֻжʮˣ㶫ĻԵ¡
ǺôθڣʲôĶԲ£˾Ц
Ʒҩ˾һ㶣ȻʶⵤҩɢƷҩ
˾˻һۣѹЩ˼ԭƷҩˡ
˾ҲûʲôøУĲһȺëѪҰ˰ˣȴҰȴѹɹһͷ
ɹķ֮иǳһûɹ֮ͲнĹģ
Ʒҩж٣Ҷˣ˾Ц
˾ϹҺŭ
ô׻ѵֻ׼ĳۣ׼𣿡˾Цһ
Ĳһ֮أɹռɺɺޱߣԴǳ棬ܹġ
΢΢һЦ֪˾׼ʲôأ
һƷҩɺʮ߽ҩ㵤ҩʲôƷҳݱʲôȼ˾Цһ
ɹǺôֱʣһЩֵʿЦ
˾ʿô˵ϵЦŨˡ
˾һпһûʲô
ʵɹ֮бһɹĴ֮һǵ׵ģݺݵĲһţ˾Ȼǻԥȥ
˾ļ۸ҲͺĶʮͬȼҩһöҩ⿴ɹԿȴҲǵȼ۽ƷҩѶ֪õʦҲɵĳɹʰˣõĻһ㶼ﲻ
ŭĿ˾һʯ
͵ĿһʯȻԽ۸񣬱
ֻǰһϾͳµƿ
㲻˵Ҫ𣿡Ϳ˾
˾һһ㵤ҩɹԵ£
һƿ֮ŸҩƿҲʮٶ߽ҩһ˵һ֣Ƕɹ˵ȴǾţһë
ⶼǼȵĿϵƿ
͵˵ͷһƿʮƿһһٶʮһǧ߽ҩ
˾ŵʱ˾㵣æǿƿƿҩģÿһҩ϶ɢž˵ÿһƿ֮оȻװƷн׵ļ
ɹĵ̣һǧƷнҩǾţһëЦ
ƷнҩɹԲںһǧҲʲôĿɹĶ˾һ˵ģҲȨôҩ
֮ǰѾѻ˵ˣݲһأ
ߣɹ˵㻰˾һ
Ǿͺãͳһ֮ǰһŵƿ
㡭˾ԼԴǱشһ㣡


536 鵤֮
ʮƷнҩ͵˵
֮ǰһǧ꣬ƷнҩѾһǧ߰꣡
ӴɹһʱҲòˡ
֮ϵļƿҲ̲סһڿˮ
ģʹһҲûмôƷҩһ
ոԴҪϵƷҩȫͲΪԼһ亹˴Ī˵Ҳò
˾СĻںпܾΪ˵Цˡ
˾ɫ˵һͻȻ˾Ǻ˳۵ġ
һǧ߰Ʒнҩ˾ʱԼɣ˴ò
Ϳ˾Цһôˣѵɹһ㶫ò
С˵ʲôɹںһ㶫˾ŭֱӳһöָ
ôæҲûдôҩһöռָҲǲĿռ䷨а˰Ʒҩһľ֮㹻һѵҩˣ˾һ
һöռָָϵĦš
߰ɣͽһöռָϣ˻֡
˾һ⼸ƿ
ôĴȴһõĵҩһ뵽˾Ǳɫ̲סһЦ
⼫Ͷҷãɹ˻ζˣҪһ⼫Ļ͸ұ֤ضǱ
˿տ棬ε̾˿һʮʹܽϵı𯶾ȫҲָȫʢʱڰ˳ɵ
ȴû˵Ϊ֪ʹôļҲûôθڳ
ţ֮Ľ׿ɻͽס׼뿪
㻹мһ𣬲ʵ
ǾҪҪˣ΢΢һЦ
͵΢Цĵһֱðָо˾һ㲻֪ĿºڵĻ³Ҫ˾Ҫҡ
ɹʿвһȺȴƧһʯͷ֮ûʲôԴ
һһʯһָ
ƨΪʯǴײ˰̲ס˳
ȡһʯĻܽܣ۸屶ǻҲ޷ܣ
ϡΪһ֮гܹ֮⼫ǿʯĻô嵥ϵĶӳһ
ӹһ򣬵֮еĶ֮Ҳһ
Ҫϵ׸ͿհɫĿ͡
¸嵥֮⣬ͻ֮мһЩĲϣ඼ǿʯ֮ģĵز
ҲСΪϣϾ˭Ҳܱ֤µ嵥һʧ˸嵥ϵƲ͵ͼĻͺڶ
Ͳ֪ǣ¸嵥Ѿˣ£ʿ޷֪嵥ϵĶʲôģֱ͸Ķһ˵˽Ҳ֪һݲ֮еĶʲôģ
ҪĶ࣬ر󣬲ȻҲ𾪡
ҲɣӸ˻
֮ıֱҪǿһ㿴͡
ôļ𣿡֮ʵ
͵һЦ׳ǵѪ
һ㶣ŵĿ͡
˼֮⣬ʣֵҩƷҩƷ½׳ǵƷ½Ѫ
Һֵҩ˵żôǼѵ嵤ҩ
ֵҩ֮ҲأԲᳬλֻ֮гʼΪɫ壬Żһš
֮ʱһ׳ǵ˽ĳɾ͡
ǵʱûһ׳ǵʹܹΪʦҲԲнʵһ׳ǵΪ˼ѵĸȹ̣°빦
嵥ϵĶȻ࣬һǧƷҩȴԶһôණ
ȷô൤ҩͷеˡ
ûôֻ࣬ң׳ǵѪĻֻһҡҡҡͷ
ʹϻ¶𾪵ɫٶƷҩʿһӶδܿôƷҩ
ʮʱ䣬ұܽЩҩȫ͵˵
ʮ꣡һ㶡
ʮʱ䲢̫ã̫ˣ
Ʒҩҩ£Ҫʱ䣬һһ¯ƷҩҪʱ䣬ȴҪʮʱܽһǧƷҩɣ
⻹˵ˣʵϣ֮ƵĻʱ仹һҡ
ѣǺηʥ֮кʱ˵ǿʦ̲סʵ
ڣͣ͵˵
ԲѣѲΪƷҩǴײ˲ɣһ
Ŷ׵кθ߼Цһ
׿һƿƿƷҩʱ¶һ˿ŭһʦǷһʦƷҩĳɹʲһɵ֮ѣÿһο¯Ҫ׼þãԲѣΪʦİȻᵱû
¼û˭ܹóôƷҩ
Щ㾡ȫпܣһ֪ĸðĵڣ޷óôƷҩ
һƿװøͲƷҩһ
ͻɫһ䣬͵Ŀ֮оȻһ˿ɱ⡣
ùˣȴʦ׵Ц
ϹʱھһЩʿһܹõͽ׵ҩɸ߽׵ҩֶΣֵҩ濴͸߽׵ҩһģһȴûЧкһеĵҩʧ˵鵤֮˾һ
ϵı֮ɫʢǵﶼС󣬸ոջˣֺĻˡ
鵤֮Цһ
Ҳ˵ּͨһЩΪֶ֪ΣͨҩƷʡ
ٸӣͨ鵤֮԰һһҩЧȴû˿ĸı䡣
鵤ϹʱҲǺڴŭϹŴʿڶϹʿϽɱ֮£鵤֮ʦɱ
Ͼ˭ҲϣԼѴŪĵҩּҩ鵤ĴڣʹϹʱڵʦɱĲˣһʱʦ˼Σյľء
ʹôã鵤֮Ȼ֮еĽɣһֱǺԥնɱ
ͽ첻֤Լ׵ĻǽҲסһֵıǽɣ
һɺԣ˾ʲôһļһҲʴʣͺһ˾ûһĺøУ


537 
ͿŰף׵϶еĵҩǿ鵤֮Ʒ׵أ
һóĵҩ̫ˣʦҲ޷һóôƷҩԶ׼ض鵤֮Ʒ׵ĵҩ
׵Ļõڳʿͬ;ȻܹóôƷҩһȷΥ
˵ⵤҩ鵤أһ
ôóҵŷ֤ȻǾԲЩǻʵƷҩһ
鵤֮ĵҩǴɫǴζ϶ĵҩһģһԺѿʶΨһܹЩҩķֻǷá
ҲǵΪʲôôϹʿ鵤֮ǽܳʦҲֳеĲͬ
óĵҩʵ̫࣬ǷõһƷҩ˭Ҳܱ֤ٶҩ֮ȫǻʵƷҩ
ǰټ˾Ͱ׵Ĳ룬ʹһޱȵ֣ʿ̲ס˹
ŵͺп鵤֮ʱɫ䣬͵Ŀ֮г˱ġ
鵤֮㲻ϣһƭ˵ļûʿȻ鵤֮ƭˣ˻ǾݵģЩʿ޷ܡ
ת֮䣬ͱĿĺ֮ת˺ĹһвֻΪ鵤֮ˡ
Цһƾ޾ݣѪˣѵɹͷʥϲߵĻɫ𣿡
Сӣ鵤֮ѾݣҾе˾һðһɵɫĹâһƴ͡
鵤֮Ѿʸ֮ģ˾ɱͣʹǾʿҲά
˾Ҳͻûнʱͽնɱʱ֤Щҩģܸ¾ʿҲΪһ˺ɺֿ
Сӣ˾Цһ
лɹɾ㹻ɹһеĽնɱɹ
ɹ˾һ˵Ǳص֮˾һǿɹң汲շɹΪΣӦѾɹԼĶԲκ˲֡
ӿȵľϵһ˫ϵ
ˮԼ֮䣬ƺһ޴ɫʣ˾һƺݺݵײһ
𣡡ʱʥ
һԼԼǰľϵֱײ˾
˾ʧɫҲ벻ȥƬʱ䣬͵ʵȻͻͽ
ľ񽣣˾һ϶ʱһɫĳһɢ
ʹ˾ǺһϵȻĻڶѡ
˾ޱȵ𺳣ȴ¶һ˿мɫѵĻҲľ֮¸ԭ
ŶͿ˾еľüͷһ塣
Ȼ˽ľϢȻ΢ȴ͡
ľ񽣵ĽȻýľ֦ɹеľ֮ľϵĽһ
鱦²мĺһ
ľѾ̤鱦ķ룬ȻûеãСĺܡ²мЦ
ѣ͹Ȼľ֮һ˿΢Ϣ˵յãҲǼС޷£ˮǿȽϡ
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ľΪ֮һ֦̺֮ľϵҲǵУ˵ľϵľ֮
ľȣ˾ȴ𾪣ľȻɹʽɹ֮Ҳһһķ˵ǽʽ
һľ񽣲Ƶģɹľɹǰãɹ֮жеľһľ񽣡
ľܾ֮Ȼ޷һ׵йȻвִӦսĳɷУһǿȴռ˾󲿷֡
˾㲻˵üٵ֮ƷҩôҾ㿴ʲô֮һ
Ȼ䣬ϵĻϵֻɫĵ¯ʱ͵ǰ
һ
Ƿһʦʹ¯Ҫµʱ׼Լ״̬ѣŸ
͸ովһսڵδƽ͸ѾǷĴɣڿ͵Ŀ֮вмɫʢ˵ոջֻǻ͵ĻôʱѾȷʹͶ֮ҲԲƳƷҩ
Χ۵ʿҲ¶һ˿𾪣ʹǻʿҲûмʲô˸ҵô˵ġ
ƺѾЩʿĴһ㣬һ굤ҩͬˮһ㱻ӽ¯֮С
¯ʲôɲĿ͡
ʦһ¯Ѿ㹻ó¯ǽҲеİ
ϸַһҴδַɫصĿдķ
Ȼⷨİ鿴һ׷ԲǺҴЩ֮͸¶µϢ
˵ǷһʦĻôɱǾݵһʦһ֮ɫʦ
ʥʿ¶棬ɵ֮ҲΪ֪ǽȴǿԽƷҩĳɹʿĳɣȰҪ߳һ
ȻǼٵģֱַһ繷ʺеҩһԵĶ˽ȥ˾Цһ
ȻʦĳʶǶģһż侫ѧʣȷʲôƼɻ򣬶⼫ϸҪӻַǳѧʿ֪Ǵġ
鲻֪ʲôʱѾ͵ԣǱĺǻʿԸߵ̫Ծƿ˼֮Χʮҵĵط˳
Ʒҩһ׵飬ˡҲҴ⡣
ĳɵңһ¯ҩضܹɹһ¯
һĶãĴɣеġƺսĽһ㣬һ׹ŹֵķһĶõķܹͬһʱ¯ҩ
һĶöʿʶżϸҪ󣬼ʹҲڷһη֮ǿﵽ׼ΰʩչһĶ֮
ƷҩһһϦ֮£ǻʿȱıʱ䣬ҿƷҩɵһ˲䣬ǵһҲνֲεʿ˵һδķѵʱˡ
ʱţ˾Ҳ¶һ˿
¯֮оȻûдζɢһƢζ
ôܣ˾зˡ
϶¶һ˿𾪣ȻҲоǿҵַеǵпɵҩʱ򣬰׻޷ԼһĻ


538 ķ
ʱѾȥ˰µʱ䣬ûһʿᱧԹʱ̫ˡ
ƷҩѾʿޱӵĴڣܹõһƷҩĪ˵ǰ£ǵȸһҲûһ⡣
Ʒҩձ鶼Ҫµʱ䣬Ҳֻлʿǻ֧ŵ˾޴ġ
ͼֵڶ¯֮ڵҩûгַֺĲʱڳʿѾ֪Ʒҩ
̬ҲĿϷڴ¯ҩĳ֡
ʹ󵨵ͬʱ¯ҩһƷҩûʿΪ¯ҩܳɹ
ֻҪɹһ¯ôպȻ𶯾ݣķҲὫΪϱһɫʦζʲôЩ˲֪˾ˡ
ͰΪʦʱӾͺ˵ֻҪӵ£֮ȥ
û˭Ըһʦһʦ㲩޷š
˵ɰɣȻʥ֮ھݣķ֮ȴҲһЩ鲻ѣʹݺķڽս֮УһҲı䡣
ҲϲĿͣг˳ȵĻ档
ǿ֮أһ㼴ʹҲϡ
ȴĵĻΪֿຮ֮أһ֮֮ء
ͱǿ壬ټϳĸֿʯʹܹ
ҲûдģΪ֪һ뿪ı㲻壬ʧȥ˸Ǻܿͻ˥
һҩҩΪǵĶ̰壬ܹź;ݺķĽ׻ȡٵĿĵҩǵҩĳ⣬ĵʵпܸһ¥
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˵Ҫ¶Ӧ
嶼ǽһĴڣͨںη֪Ҳֻʮ֮г͵Żܵټ
嶼ˣ˵Ǻһ򶼲Ըˡ
ĵʷ϶Ǽϡٵģ
ר壬ǧķչһ·Ͽ˵һǰ棬ҲҺƴһеľڱ֮صĵ伮
˾Ųϴһͣɵ̾˿ݳʦҪɹ
˾ǿ񣬵ȴɵһʦȣ֮ǰ֮ǰĶԹ˵ƨǡ
ֻҪԸɹҪµǸҲԹ޻ڡ
˾˵˾һˣβǻʿͼɹ˾һضһӣʱԽʥЩҲǲܵ顣
еķ任ţĽʩչķС
ɿ͵ʦΪмЦһΪм͵ʦͷ֣һ׷⣬ȴ˳ǧֱ仯⿿ӲҲֻǶǣͲϰһ׷ΣȻҲܲЧ
ǰڻвתĵ¯һڽɵҲһ¯һĺɫ¯
ڰ׵Ŀռָ֮Ҳһһģһĺ¯
¯֮ɢζԽԽŨЩʿҲԽǼ
ÿٶȣһ±Ʒҩ𣿡ɰ̾һ
ۣǾ˲䣬һ¯֮дһ졣
ϸ΢Щʿͬһ㣬е㳣ʶʿ֪ζʲô
һ¯ҩ֮жʱһɽζȻһ¯ҩ׵ʧˡ
ͽüͷһ¯ҩı֮УֵܹѾˡ
оһ¯ҩеķٶȶʱӿһһϢ֮ھʹٶ˿ĽӡٶȾʦ̾Ϊֹ
䣡Ȼ䵤¯µĻ汼ڲѡ
һ˲ﵽ˼£ΪʯƳĵҩƷȻҪͨʦҪɫĶࡣ
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һеʿס˺߶һɫĵ¯֮ϡ
ţмţʵ
ţɫ¯֮ŵҩչǰʱ򣬰ڶ̲סһ
Ʒҩһ¯ֱܳ顣
ԣⵤҩƷʡƷҩɲʦһ۱㿴ⵤҩĲͬ
ͨƵĵҩƷõĻƳƷҲй־Ʒҩʱȴûз顣
ƷȻƷ
ͿĿɿڴİ׺˾һɻ鵤
һҵʱƳƷн׵ҩǰ鵤֮˵顣
ѣǰ˾˵ѣϣѴ˴Ҫϡ˾ʿȻ͵ͷˡ
ǰһ𣬵嵥ƷĶᱸ롣˵
˵Ȼʾˣ֮Ѿޱȵԡ
ɺҲѹȥһ𣡡˾Ҳ˵
ǵѲҷʥªĻɷһУгС
ҰɽҲд⣡Ȼ
һ˲䣬ķ׳֦
ֻǵ˵ͷû˵ȥҲû˵ȥǶǵ̬е׼
ʮ֮ڣŵĵҩģϣʱҪĶѾ׼ˡͿ˻һۡ
˵ͷıضѣ
⽻׻Ȼһ֮ã͵ľ˱֣ЩʿĿϡ
ʦɲңһô൤ҩʦ׻Ҳһ˵Ľ׻ᡣ
Ҫϵĵҩֶ٣һԼ֮иƿƿ޹޲ǧЩΪ˶ԼƳĵҩ
ͬˮۣˣǶȴǴû£ȻҲܵƷҩ
ҩƷҲ廨ţ͵һƷľƷн׵ļ֮ӦоС
г嵥ϵĲϿɲǿʯЩ֮ϣЩɺĵϣҪһȥѼĻʮʱ䶼δع
һν׻ȴͼıֻ踶ƷҩõѵĲϡ
һĻ֮еҲΪĽ
ʦǮְҵͬʱҲ׬Ǯְҵ¿Цһ
ʦϡȱҲһһʦʹΪһ㣬Ҳõǿߵ𾴡
¾ۼһǺ徳ڵʦ֮ЩΪﵽڶɽٵĳҪֺãԭΪʦ
һɫʦеҲǼľˣµļҲûʦǮУҪ൱츳
ɱ츳ټĸŻнĳɾͣ


539 Ѫ
ʿĵҩ඼ƷнϣƷϽ׵ҩҲΪģƷҩҲֻʿŻ
ҲǿԼ׬ò
߽ƷҩѪǧĻ򣬲ѪѪҩЧҲ紫˵еǰ档ͿǰһѪɫ˫ͷ˵
˵Լҩʿȴûһ˿õɫǫĵ˵ͷ
һѪһɽ֮зֵģնɱһͷﵽļ۷֮Ŷ
ʱһѪǧĻˣĻʿ˵ʿץ˼ͷļҵЩѪҺѪϡ
ļѪҺ̺Ѫ̫ϡʹǧѪҲֻǳɳ߽Ʒˡ
ͿһѪ˵ͷȻһ㣬ҿƷϽҩһ
ţѣǲе٣ʿСĵʵ
Ҫ٣Ƴʿһۡ
Щʿ˾е˾ԲһĿЩʿף˺ּۻ۵׼
һƷ½׵鵤ʿ˵
üͷһ壬ʿһۡ
ԭˣѾ۷ˡ͵һЦ
һڳϣܺˮʿԱš
ԭһڵĵѡ͵˵ͷһҲʮ֮һС
ܺˮЦЦѣҿһ鵤ء
һ겻ô߽ƷҩȡһöƷ½׵鵤Ѳ̫ƽһ𣿡ѹƽҪرء
ܺˮ˼ЦЦһ߽ƷѪһƷ½׵鵤ȷ˵ȥ
ټƷҩܺˮ̽Եʵ
͵˵ͷһ鵤һ߽ƷѪʮƷҩ
ܺˮϸֳһĨЦ⣺лѣ
һö鵤пܴƱϣ׻ڣλǣԪҲꡣ
һѪ֮УָһѪѪһѪ֮ϡ
Ѫ˵մȾѪҺҩ˵ͨʿӵ֮
ҲǴ˵ˣ֮лûʿѪ֮ҩŪñȴ
Ƕ˵һѪñǽǿһΡ
ѪһʳҩܹǿʣҲֻܷá
ߴѪѪȻҲЧ
ڷѪӵ֮˵ҲԶﴫˡ
ѪȫɳĻӦһ˽Ʒҩֻһ崿ѪҺһѪǿЧ
һƾԪһܹ֮ѪҲˡ
ӵ˵ֻҪһѪһжðˡ
͵е˼ЦЦôһͣͷȥˡ
һôˣʵ
һаʿͻȻ˽ɵһаʥЩ롣
һ׼аʿ˵
ɵ˵ͷȥ׼ɣҪЩʿһ𣬿ɲһ׵顣
߽ˣʲôħʲôЩģ߿صֻ棬ǲ㹻ͷĻҪΪԼǲܵ顣
ʱҲĲˣ΢΢һЦ
ͬʱʮ֮еĽɺͽһż֮У޲Žµ󷨡
֮ϵķĽ֣ͨʿĪ˵޲ǿδܿ
ǿ˵ӣȻѾ˽⡣
ϧĲ˵лΪ󷨵һ֣ԭȱ󷨣ʱѾ
Ϊ޲һ󷨣㻨ȥǶʮʱ䣬ǿ޲ȫ
ɺͽʮ֮óһʿ˳ֶҪķʮʱ䣬ɼ󷨵ĸӳ̶ȡ
ѹʥ֪Щͨڣȴûʹù󷨵оͻȥʮʱ䣡ɲ˲ͷĺˮ
Ϊ˺ˮɼ޲󷨵Ѷȡ
ֻݳ˰ʮһֿ֮еһְˣ˭Ҳܱ֤ܹתҡҡͷ
޲ȫ޼£󷨾ͬһǧٿ׵·ǺķôʱҲ첹
Ȼһ·ʹãڽӷ֮ȴž޴漰ռͨΣյĵط΢һʿٲ
ʦֵķԸֻհͿˡոаʦѾʥǱѾ׼ˣͿˡ˵
ȻˣҲʼɣɴӿռָ֮óһӵľӡ
ֻɳһ澵Ӵ˼ӵľ֮϶ʱһŹֵķģЩľһ㽫澵Ӱġ
ʦܵİ˻ĻȻޱȣʹطӡȴԿҵȵķɰ̾һ
ǰʦһؾ֮ã˵ܿٳؾ˻Ļ˵һ鱦Ϊ̫ǿʩչ˰طӡÿ⿪һطӡһɿһ˻Ļ¶һ˿Ľ
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֮һ˵ǰһ֮нɺͽɶվǰ
ʥΪλ׼һһռͨɵЦ
ɻ䣬ֻ֮еĽɺͽдʮ鼫ƷʯȻ䣬ϱ˾Ĺâ
һĹأ
ͨͨһЩʿ̲ס˳
һ֮ǰǾŵһޡ
ͨͨһ㶣ʥȻŪһͨͨ
ºһԻˣһͨȻȷǺܱ棬߽ȥĻұ֤һͻᱻǿռ֮Ƭ
Ǽٵģа
Ҳ˵Ǽٵģֻ޲󷨵ʵ̫ۣеı仯޷ա²мƲƲ졣
ýɺͽô˵Ļ϶ᱻѪ
һ磬Ƕ֮⣬˵ûܹô̵ʱ֮ݳеһֱ仯˵޲ˡ
޲󷨺𣿡̲סʵ
Ȼʲôϣö٣ıãܳһһĲ˵
˽𣿡ʵ
ߣСʲôˣҿǽЩǵһ¸߰İͷ­һҺҵı顣


540 ɽͼ
˵ǰĻռͨĲȶп˵Ǿһôʥһռͨʲôͼ
ָһʥյľռ֮ͨһϹʱںľͨͺһ
еĻʿ̲ס˻֮еĿռͨЩʿԸˡ
Σվ׺˾Ļʿ׳ԡ
ʿ֮ƿռĳɹңǼʹڲ򲻵ѵʱڵʿԸƿռ
Ȼƿռ䣬еΣʵ̫࣬ʹǻڵʿҲûоԵİա
һͨĿռͨǵǰβ˷ܣ
֪һռͨͲûʿǰȣֻǵĿŽɣڴŽɵġ
źǣʥ֮ȴ޷ȫһռͨ̾˿
һ仰һˮڳʿеļһӾˡ
ʲô˼ײõĺһԼһɵһ㣬ǣűߡ
ۣʱ֮еĹʱɢֲĿռ֮ʱɢɺͽһǶû뵽󷨵ıȻ˿ֲĿռ
˻Ļɽֻ˻Ļ֮һͷֲĻʱסֲ
˻Ļһ㶡
ӡˣӦĴڡ²ŵĿŻ֮еİ˻Ļ
һ˻Ļѹ֮£ޱǿĿռ֮ѹһϢʱ䡣
һϢʱ俴ܶݣǶڽɺͽǿߣһϢʱȴ㹻ܶˡ
ֻгһöָһöȻѣ˻Ϊʧ˻֮С
֮ʣԭӦһżĽɺͽͻȻǵǰ·Ǵ⻭֮һ㡣
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˻ĻɽͼʥСãһ˿ɵ
Ϊ鱦Ѿһ֮ΪɫʿˣʥĵȴԶԶµԤϡ
˻Ļɽͼ鱦֮ϣһһ壬һȴǼ亱Ŀռ鱦
ɽͼ֮ޱȹĿռ䣬ҪǣɽͼſռתƵֻҪ꣬ͨɽͼڵλá
ոսɺͽеɽͼԿףҲֻгͨɽͼתơ
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ռͨҲ͸λһ㣬䲻ȶɵһЦ
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ǿֲĿռ֮ǰҲ޷֤Լܹȫˡ
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ʹһռͨҲ޹ؽҪ
ѾϣʹϣãҲץס
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һȺСҲͼıˣ
ͻȻ֮䣬ʥ֮⴫Ц
ˣǵ׻ˣЦһ
Ǳʱ˿Уһ˿УֲĽâʱ˺˿ռ䡣
ӴôĻȻūҺ¶֣һŮӰԹĿ˽һۡ
Ǻ飬ͷС꣡üͷһ壬ͷβȻҲ׳ɹˡ
ڰɴĺҲʥ֮УʥĽƾȻ׵ıƿˡ
ڶʿ𾪵ʱȴ侲Ŀź顣
βһڿռױȵ츳ʥĽȻأǶܹٿؿռ֮ľβ˵ֻˣһЩСֶαɽ롣
ףĴʹҲŶ꿴ͺһϳЦ⣬ЦıȴһŨŨɱ⡣
;Ͳ㽫ɱ弶޵Уھλһƿؿռ츳ҲĲˣǺ鶼Ǿβһǧѵһš
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ЦһһαˣҲˣû뵽һξȻԶ
һһҪŪ֡·߷ߵ˵
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䣡ֲĽâײһĽҪһз顣
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ذԽҵһԵɵʱһ˿ơ
ӵס𣿡ǸֳһĨЦ
ҡҡͷնʱͽ㣡
ҵǺڴ潻һ̣еĳʱ֮С
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Цһ޾壿ˣǽﲻҪһʥ߾ߵĵط£
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һ˲䣬ʥɽͼװ˽ȥ
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ɽͼΪռ鱦βĿռ츳ֵ˵Ļ鱦֮δҲֵ̫Ǯˡ
𣿡ʹɽͼȻһĵȻ
Ϊǻлȥ𣿡Цһеĳһγ֡
ԵޱȰԵѹʱ
ʥɽͼ֮УǵɽͼĻʥҲˣ˵
ģɺһеĳޱȰԵĽâն˽ɡ
°ԵҵҪΰԵСһ֮еĳʱʣ
аɣʮ֮Ϊصһ𣿡쿴ֳɽͼĽаɵһЦ


ͬһʱ䣬˶˶Էݣ


541 
ʮ֮һĽаɾȻǹˣ
ϹʱҲպգԺϹŽޣ޼
Ϲžޱ֮һҲϹŽޡ޼һû䣬ھ֮мѾʿӰˡ
аɾȻһ㣬ǹˣҶ˳뻯ĵزһ֮пǹ֮еǿߡ
ɵǷģȻɽͼƹˡ쵭һЦ
аֻһЦ죬֣ǰԼʶͶֳ̥֪˶٣
Ŷʥ˳ԱĶһϵ׵ҲŭֻǵһЦ
Ϊ׷߾磬һΪʶͶ̥ݣҲ͵ʱʶ졣
ڶ̶̵ٶ֮ڣ첻»ָ۷ʱڵΪһ
һصĴʣֱתͨʿֱǷ˼ǽаȴ֪֮еȷһ
֮ΪѪԴ׼а˵
ЦһزʣΪۻҵʣԲΪۻ˲Ĺ߰ˣ
ܺãܺãа¶һĨаЦݡ
ɣҿʥĹк֮챳ȻһɫӰ
䣡ɽͼ֮У񱩵Ļ͵ĳײһ
ҵ֮ڿвϵײ
֮澹Ȼ޷ѹľҵ
һ˾ҵº
Ҳɱʹһʮ׻ʽХɲǼ׵ʱͽҵɢ
ͣ׵Ҫа֮ʱʱʧ˿С
ռתƣһϵɻ꽣ͻȻ̳ɳϵɻ꽣ָķλɫĽâֱն˰ꡣ
ۣȻһֻצ£һâĵط顣
͵ɫʱƺͺ龹Ȼͬʱߡ
ɽͼʥװȥ֮еʿɢҲ䵥İ꣬ȻŹͷꡣ
Ǿڼնɱʱȴˣ
̣۸ңһίСһ㣬˺Ļ
ܺԼŮҵģƵ·ǴӾ֮дһ㡣
˵ͷ껤
ˣʵ֮ǰҲг˰ɣƿ;ǿԼһ㡣
һϽʮ׻ʽɲǼ䷢Ľâʱû
ҲûжܵԸƾ⽣âᴩԼ壬¶һ˿Цݡ
һĨЦȴޱȵĿֲ
֮ûƽƵĲ֮֮ǰûʤ㣡
ȷǳ˲٣ƵֻΪצһצ
һ£һ
Ҳ֪ӵнԼ廯Ϊ޵ȴΪѪ
·һֻצǱֲ˻Ƶһ㡣
飡ֻצ͵ײһ
ƵҲΪ޴һδˣıȽϻȻ͡
ãƵһâ
̽צ͵ͺһһֻɫצ͵˻Ƶ֮ϡ
䣡Ƶʱֻ޴צѹ˵ϡ
ħһָ֮һɫγһŹֵķĲ˻Ƶ֮ϡ
ҲֽΨһİ취ƵĲ֮ʵ̫ǿֻƾħӡסƵ壬лʤĻᡣ
ŶƾȵĿԼϵĹŹַġ
ħȻڵӡ
ҿ㻹ͺһ
죡ͽԼܹʩչǿһкԥĴ˻Ƶ֮ϡ
ʽݳսÿһжΪǿ
һһʩչһֲ
ɫ䣬һ·Ҫضһ㡣
䣡һ˲˻Ƶ֮ϡ
һ˲䣬Ƶһ֮ʧĸɸɾ
ѵĶɵѪҲǿֲ촷ۣ
ֲ֮£ʥڲ
ʥеɽͼ϶һ˿
һѾķ룬֮еʦҲƾʩչǿĹ
ҲֻϹ֮Ϊǿпܣ
ɸܵһпֲɫ˼飬ǲ˼Ŀڵķ
һ̣ƵϢ׵ʧˣ
ˣ鲻ŵĿȫʧĻ૵
֮оһ񻰣һ񻰣ض϶޷նɱȻһڵʿնɱˡ
ͲϴŴܹʩչǿһС
ľʹĺľͼҪڹȥ
ʽÿһжҪǿ֧ţһмڵգ֮֮һΪһжýӲ
𣿡̲סʵ
µ˵ͷϢȫʧˣ
ˣˣͲһ
𣿺ܲʽ
һ
飡͵ʱͱһ޴ɡ
ͬһ͵ߣһצ̽͵ĸȻҪ͵ĵ
ҵľϲѾˣָоѾþûиоˣΪһһһĨɱ㣡Ʋ̵Ц
;ȴĹʵʵѾˣȻҪúõһ
飡һͻĽâֱӽƵָնϡ
ֵʹҲûüͷˣ͸һ̻ΪһҺ뿪͵壬һһڻƵϾۼʱƵ
ֻһ㣬ֻһ㵤Ҫüͷһ컯͵Уǰʼ޸͵塣
ʿҪĵطһ𣬺롣
һЦԼһֱ۶
ֻһֱ۲ϵ䶯ţڿбó˲ͬ״
ͷߣ󾪡
Ƶһֱ۾Ȼ˾ͷߵӣ
Ӧá䡱֣һұ۵ıĿһͷľͷߡ
Ƶͷ·Ǹ֫ƴһ㣬һֶܻΪޡ
⣡
ֻһ˿ɭ׵ĺͷߵϣʱ䣬ͷ߾ͱһ㺮
ߣϣǰĻƾԲܹġ
ߣЦһ
ΧӰӶʱɲǼγһ
ƣָһ㣬Ӱʼ
ǱӰ֣һ䣬ʱΪߡ
ơ֣뱳޹ʱӳһƣ˸Žɫһͬһɽһ㵲֮ǰƾγײһƶΡȻ
ߣ鱳ͻȻһԱֻһԱһӣӰ㱻ƿ
ơ𶦷ƣһִһơ


542 ʥ
һյɢźȻĽƺȻըѡ
ɲǼ䣬һյϱĿֲΪĻһյƵıը֮¡
һգʩչʽƾҲЩԲ
ʽȴΪȡһ˿ʱ䣬ƿӰ
ˣ鿴鱳ı̲ס˳
һһ֮;һǴڴ˵֮еޣ˵ڷһ֮жıˡ
Ҳ̲סһȻı仯ܸȤ
һߣһʱֻһ֪ʱһɫϸѾǵӰ֮ϡ
Ӱüͷһ塣
Ӱ֮вϡ棬ڵĵҲʩչ
ܹɵĶסʿӰӣǴûз顣
ӷ𣡡ţɲǼɫķͬյա
𣿡Цһ
ָֻ΢һӰӶʱ˵Ӱӷһ
һʮ׻ʽʱӰ֮С
ۣ͵һѪ֮ӰӶʱ롣
Լͨƣȴ˿ңϷͷ̶ž޴ˡ
ơ֣ǿתڵķǴһƣһȴͬһǰ㣬뱳޹·𱻳һ㣬һƽ谭һ¾ͷߣ漴ͱͷߵĶҺʴ
飡ͷߵľŸͷ­͵ײ޹֮ϣѾڱԵ޹һʱɢ
ۣ񱻴ɢҲ⵽ش
֮䣬ʿڻƵ³˴
ѽָɡһ
һͻƻֻǰһߣ͵ȴö˵Ľָضϻ뽫öָû
飬ߣ컯ҲָʶǵѪ֮վ
鸡ĽŲҲ֪ûпƵһ˼򵥣
һɴûмڲϵŰڳˣŰ֮Ҳʹ಻
ҲߣᶨĿ͡
Ͳ԰׵¶һ˿ɬЦݣߣ
һŵɫķͻȻĺ֮ϣɲǼһɫĹᴩɽͼ鱻һ֣ͲӰ
Ϳ˿Լеһű飬µᣬͰһŷ鱳ʱѾ֪ȴǵĽʲôˡ
ŲƷɽͼ֮УŲƷҲ벻ɽͼķΧֻҪɽͼ֮ڣҾа취ҵȻɱЦһ
ЦһڻܸܵϢ𣿡
ɫһ䣬ȻʧȥϢ
Ϊʥ㲻̽⣬ȻʧȥϢ·ʧһ㣡
ǲŲƷ㵽ʲôŭ
ʥһĻ˵ĻǱħҲ¶һ˿ˡ
ʥշɹ֮ʱʥеġ
ȻͱĨȥһЩںʥļ䣬ʥļȴ
ʥֻʥɽڴڵʿƵһַΨһñܹʿʥ硣
ʥ൱һռֿͨռͨһԵģһŷֻʹһΡ
Ҳֻлʿʹַ
ʿֻе˻ڲʸ磬֮ķʹǶɽںʹĳʿҲֻ֮ķ򣬶Υ
ĵĹϵʥͲʥ͡
͵õʥҲѹû׼ʹãʹʥ磨ħ磩ûʲôƫҪһ硣
Ѿݲκεԥһʥ磨ħ磩ıϣҲһɫĹʥ磨ħ磩
ʥ磨ħ磩ǻﶼ̲ס¶һ˿ɻû˵ֶ
ضϣǽĻһὫ;͵նɱĴ֮лûַ
ܹͨʥ綼ǼϡٵĴڣ½û˵
һ
ʱͻ߻Ѿǿ֮ĩҪŪͱһֻϻҪ򵥡
ɱǣһͷ
ɲǼŸͷ­һڶҺ
֮綾ޱȣοǾͷߵĶҺֻҪһζԽʿ
ߣͽֱӽС
һֻҪܹ
Сӣ͵ͺһһޱȾ޴ʱ
䣡ͷ߶ʱ޴ҽ֮УǾ޴֮£ͷ޷
һɲǣ볯񱼡
ƴŭѾӵһ飬͵߻ӵҪţ
תͲԼƣǿתڵĻϵʱʮΪ߽ӽڡ
죡һ޴צĳ˻ơ
һͷܹԼ촷۵һУʹǻ϶¶һ˿أֻϽ˼ġ
䣡£Ƶһαһд˷ĩһʤͺ鶼ʮ
ɣЦ
ֻһʱǰðֱӺ͵ϡ
죬ԭӦôڻϵ첻֪ʲôԵʱ˻ֱӺ͵ϣ
ڱеһ˲䣬͵ʱ޴ɣʹѪҲ޷ֵһ
ߣ֣´ŭ
²Ⱥˮӵ壬״̬¸޷Ӧ
ۣһâʱ
̵ģСһﵹ˲õսˮ죬ʹҲ˲СŽһ⡣
¶ʱΪνͽסʹˮ߸£͵Ҳһ֮ܵشǿ󣬿ܵһʱѾɷĩˡ
ϣҲܵشҡҡͷ
ܵĴ˾ǻʿܹסѾˣʱڵѪ֮޸壬άһ˿
ºͺˮ߲ǲ֣ս任̫죬֮Ǹû뵽ƵʵѾǿֵز۵¶˵Ĳһ
ȵǷӦʱѾˡ
һĻ;ͺпԼʽ֮ˡ
֮һƺ˽㲻֮ˣºһ
Ǵľ֮һ壬Ȼ塣ˮһ
飿üͷһ塣
鱦ʿвʲôܹΪԲҶжǼûм


543 
ˮ߿˻һۣصĲ˾ȣһ֮оȻо֮һûмǴĻ֮һڰǰѾˡ
֮һ壿ʲôһɲǼΧӰӾͱһ˺ˮߡ
ٿӰӣǾ֮һеˮһҽһ壬ֻһЩߡ
µִ͵֮ϣ֮ϵע͵֮С
֮һͱˣˮҲޱȵĲ졣
˵֮һǱ޼廹ҪصĴڡ
֮һΪǵС෴Ϊһʵ̫ǿ
ǿʵ⾵֮һΪɵټ⾵֮һ˿֪
һ֮ܺ࿹⣿
⾵֮һܹ֮ڣΪֲȺҲԸ⸶ʹĴۡ
⾵֮һ崥ǵĸĻôЩʿҲ޷ٱֳĬˡ
һս綼룬ģ֮󿱱ħս
⾵֮һȻʵǿ󣬵ǿߵĽɱ֮£Ҳ𣬴Ӵһ㳹׵ʧ֮С
֪ʿΪλ᲻ϧһдۣðűħֵΣҲҪ⾵֮һ峹׵Ĩɱ
ħҲһսڵʱСҲһμһս֮кˮߵ屻Ƭ
һоܲͲ֪һζģˮ¶ɱ
һоһоķ飬ֻ̬ţʹ֮˷ѾҲ޷ȫ޸
ˮ߲֪ģֻ𣬻֮һпǾ֮һˣ
ߣҪ嶯֮һȷһߣºһ
ߣҽضҪնɱڴˣˮߺһ
㡭ˣԼСģµ˵ͷ
ˮں޵֮ʵҲͻͽѾںһ𣬴һޱǵ
˽ңȥ׷ɱǸŮģһ
˵ͷһʧ˿С
𣿡ˮߵͺһһǰĿռ䣬һ㽫Ͱ˳
ҵ֣꾪ֵĿԼ֡
־Ȼڲϵķ绯ոһռɲǻ˰֣ħһʱڲϵŰʿ޷赲ֺ
꣡鵱ϣһնȥ˰֣˿ֹס
ֻǲһһɾûôõˣˮԼĵ̵Ц
鿴źˮǿݣһɺֱţ
ֻΪצһצץ˺ˮߡ
޴ֻˮ߲ܣȻһҫѪɫâħһ˻Ƶצ
ͣ޵ѪɫħֱӴһֻצ֮УȻ䣬ֻצۿɼٶȸɱȥ
һ䣬ˮһֻ͵ץס˻Ƶ壬һֶֻʱΪѪ˻Ƶš
ʱƵͬɿݵľһ绯ˣ
֪ľ֮һûӰ˵壡ˮһһ֮С
ˮǰĿռͬһ澵һ㣬ʼһ˿һ˿ơ
֪ƣһ澵ͻȻѣһʱ˳һҧ˺ˮߵ֮ϣ˺˴塣
ѾܹĹǼܡ
Ǻˮȴ⣬ֻһѪ⣬ⱻҧ徹Ȼһֲּٶȸԭš
ʿǲôˮ߲мƲƲ졣
ħܹܽԼϡ
ħʿھӵ˲֮һнɱ޾սħʿҲԽսԽ͡
ħƳʱͲǽ֣ڱӵֲ֮ű֡
ʿʿͬǲ֪ƣ벻֪ʹһһ㣬Ӵ˱ħĳƺ
ӵԼĺˮ߸Ͳںһ˺ۣĳ̶ֳ˵ͻһ㣬ӵŲ֮
ƿԼϵһ˿˺ۣ¶һ˿ŭ̺ض֮һˣ
֮һ壬ǵһҶ˽⣬Ĳ֮ǰ˿ûãˮһ
֮һ壬֮һ壬ҪִӵĿƺңƺһ
һоõ֤ˮһһն·Ҫһеĵâֱƻơ
Ƶ·͸һ㣬һâȻ˻Ƶ壡
ĵâʱתֱӿ˺ˮߡ
һʹʱһޣΨһĲͬͻ˺ˮߡ
ΪһоܹҲǸСӣһоѾʶ飡ˮһ
ֻˮߵ΢΢һ࣬һɫâ·һƣ·Ǿһ㣬һ澵֮ʱһɫĵâȻ¿˻ơ
һҲǵһԼľȻᱻϡ
ˮ⿴һȴĥ˰еһ
֮һĴսޱһо֮ꪳɳ
һмѾΪ˾֮һ־ԵܹͨԷʩչͨʮڰٱĻȥ
֮һʿǶɽڵǿ߶⾵֮¡
ʿȷϣҪ⾵ֻⷴδȫ֮ǰͽƳʱ䣬λҪ˿
ˮ߸ոһǿĵط
νͨľӵ䣬ԷĹԭⲻǼӱĻȥӷĴԽ࣬ҲԽǿҲԽԻơ
Ƶľֻ䣬;֮һܹ֮ʩչʮϰٴεǿ߻ԶǻܹʮϵĻǺˮҲδܴһС
һ˲䣬Ƶǰһˮߵĵâ֮ⷽϱʧΡ
򻨾ڶռ䣬ֵܹĹУˮЦһ
Ǿ֮һǿߵĻûа취ǻȻʦͨƾıܱȵùĹ飬οԾ֮һ֪֪ףһսѾʮɵİգضܹ⾵֮һնɱ
ͻȻѾֵܹսˣ˵ʱֵûС
ԼΪĿռǰֱֽһƲٿؿռ֮ϡ
ƽƾһ鷽ͽһתƣһ޷
ûбֶεĻôˣˮߺһ
ʱ֣˿ƻᣬһնһâڿлûһ߹ᴩ˻Ƶ塣
ॣƵͬһ
Сˣˮ߲üͷ
˾Ҫڶʱ֮ڽǲܵˣҲƾİˮ߰̾һ


544 Ѫ
֮һ壬еھ֮һ֮ϡ
Ǿ򻪾ڵľȫ;֮һеĹϵ
Ǿ֮һĿֲڣľ֮УҪǵʵ嶼ǧѡ
ټ϶صʹþ֮һѵɱ֣ʱ֮һ廹רųһɱֻ֯Ҫ㸶۸񣬾ǴʿҲȥɱ
Ȼ˵пɣ֮һҲûдɱʿȴɹشɱ˶ɽڵʿ
˻ɣ֮һΪǳɱ֯Ĺϵ
ǰĻȻûֲֿǿȻ˾򻨾;ͨھ֮һ嶼˵ˡ
һˮ֪߱ԼҪڶʱ֮ɱƵļƻѾΪӰ
Ӱ֮һȻСˮҡҡͷһɫĹâһתʧһɫĹâ֮С
ȥˮ߾ȻȥˣͷβѹŻƴĺˮ߾Ȼֹؼʱȥ
һָһ㣬ԼͬƬһѣһֻոµֱ˳
Ͱ꾪ֵĿŻƣһֱ۱ǱˮߵĵâնƾȻԲǾ֮һӵе
Ӯˣ¿ͻȻֵĺˮüͷһ塣
һ㣬˵ʵҵԤϡˮҡҡͷªټҪšһˡ
һ㶣㶼κβ
ʱ䵽ˣˮ߿̾һ
ۣ䣬ˮߵ֫ͻȻһӲۼ˲㱻űīɫѪҺʱ˳
ɲǼˮߵƿʮӣ嶼īɫѪҺˡ
ǿʹóȻҪһЩ۵ģˮɫεʼ򣬷·岻Լһ㡣
Ҳҡҡͷ޵ͺˮ䣬ںϵʱж̣ˮȫӣһܳܵļޡ
ôˣˮ߿ſ۽յʵ
ʱȶˣǾ֮һ̫죬Ȼĵɫʱ
ȷǼһȷǴľ֮һ壬ƺԼһЩ졣ˮߵ˵ͷ
֮һԼ弫ΪӣֶԼиΪھ֮һǴɣһֱǵɱ
ƺпǾ֮һˣȻ˵֮һʲôʲô
ǿѪ֮Ҫ޸һòҲһʱ顣µǵ˵
ﱻƵѩϼ˪ʹһֱԲѡ
ۻ಻ЩĵѪʿҪĵˮ߲鿴͵ĵһ
Ѫһ
ӦǣǾ֮һˣȴѪ֮ж亱Ķأ˵ôŪģϵܣˮ߶̲סԹһ
ˣȴ֮˵һ䣬㻯һͷɫ뽫˱ϡ
ˮ߷˷ۣأôҲΪ˾Ūһӵİ
Լ߰·˷ۡ
ʱֻǿûΣǻ޷ܺˮֶĵӡ
ˮʼ򣺡ӾͲŰ
ʲôȻˣºһĽڿգʱͻΪһɫʧʡ
ˮ¶һ˿Цݣһģʹ״̬Ҳܷ˿ֲٶȣ
ˮߵҲʧһƬâ֮Уֻһâϵ˸ţʼնµ
ʲôֻһϹΪȻûпʲô
ʥɽͼ֮Уʥ֮еĻʿȻҲ⡣
ʥټɽͼ֮еĿռҲǹޱߣٸʿȥҲġ
жԶһĳԲˣˮ̲סʵ
ȻͬǩԼǴʱάԼ嶼ѣ֪Ѿ˹ȵס
ϹʢͬһɫĹֱʡ
ˣʥٴҲʿġˮߴ󾪡
Щʿɶʡ͵ĵƣһӣɱ˶ᱦǱȻġ
Ȼ䣬ǰͻȻ˿ռ֮Ĳ˫һű˽ȥˮһϲһֱӳ˽ȥ
죬رնڣˮһ֮о˵
ѾˣǽҲҲڵģһЦ
ֻҪǰȫˣϢǺ徳ʿҲܲһžԵģ֮һ˿΢ϵܹµĲ߷ڣҲҲط
ءüͷȽϵĻ񱻻Ե΢ˡ
컯飬Сһ컯óµѰһۡ
ѰҲ޹̯̯֣ѰȻ컯鵱ǶԣЩͲģԸҲԲ
С㣬ҪģѶԵˮҲһЩƿƿ޹˳ڵ״̬޷õҩԾͽҩһžֱӹ͵ڡ
Ȼ˷ѣеҩЧܱʮ֮һѾˡ
ǴʱԵˮȴǺںЩƷƷҩ·ͲҪǮһ㡣
СԴΪλˡ
ó´ŭһѽСץ
ॣ׼ֵʱ򣬾ʹ˳ص
ϵɻ꽣֮дµŭϵɻ꽣ΪĻʣȻ֧뿪ϵɻ꽣ˡ
Сƺµ˵һһŶ
컯һӾó˰ţ˴ĿȥеʿҪֻСƤˡ
ڶ컯鶼ޱȵϧõһҲǵɱһţСȴó˰š
ǻˮ۾һͻ
һλˮ㹻ˣһλˮ޼֮Сȴóһ«Ļˮ˵Ҳмǧˡ
С޹˫ۿżʯ״̬࣬ͲЩζʲô
ֱ֣Ӱӽ˺̶֮У۳ĺ̶Խᵤʿȴͼѵ˳
ˮֱӽһ«ˮ˰«ȥ
ʱ䣬͵ͱһ͵Χţ
ˣһۻţʱ㽫е컯飬ľϵʱ顣
һ˼ʮ컯֣֮ͣʱ֮ڵľϵѾﵽһֲĵز
֮һ㶼ȵˣǴʱȴû˹ע
̣һۻڻˮ֮¾Ȼռ͵ĵ
Ǿ֮һʲôͷôѪ´󼱣ˮ޷ɢһĻǾ޼ƿʩˣ


545 
޷Ѫһ֮ҲǼΪĺ
ʩչѪǾ綾ųͬƹ֮һĸ͵ĵϣһһĸʴ͵ĵ
Ѫʿȥǻ޾ʹܾ֮ĥȥﱻȫʴ֮ʱɥ֮ʱ
Ѫ֮˵ѪԭӦöʲô˺ͿѪҺȫԽѪųȥ
컯ͻˮѹ֮²ſֵסѪʴ
ҲζŻƵѪѾˮ޷ⶾĵز
͸Ͳ̷ҩҲЩҩȫܽ⺮̶֮У͵һһź̶֮еҩ
̷ֱҩЧܹ֮֮һҩЧѾǶˡ
СϵĻˮ컯㹻࣬Ƕ벻ʲô취͡
ʧˡƵɫޱȵ
ضǰԹһο֮⣬յ˵в
Һضϲͬˮ߶֪֪ףûһļɵ
ƵֻԼһֱܣΪĲ֮Ҳھ֮һϾĸܱ֮ڣƼֱʲôĺ
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ͣһ˲䣬Ŀռ֮ͻȻÿңһ˿˿ռ֮˺ŻƵ塣
ڻ֮ǰͰ꾹ȻΪǿֱʩչβһ츳ͨ˻ڵĿռ֮һʮҵĿռѷʱƸ˽ȥ
ߣ˿ͣͲָһռѷὫɱ
ħЩռѷ춼޷ɱ˵ʱĿռѷˣֻһռѷԼӮһ˿ʱ䡣
ֻҪסƣ½һϢʱ䣬ԾβһصĿռǻҲδҵǡ
֮гƺųԱ֮以ɱѾ˾ռˣƵͽնɱˡ
ض϶Ҳǲȡ˲Ӹ̬ȣͲһˣţضǰҲԥĽԼնɱ
ʱɽͼͬһһ㣬ʿȫУβһ嶼޷뿪ɽͼ
ǸϺ꣬ڴʲộһڰ׵߻мʿЩϸˣڵǿϢҲһ˿ңڻʿ˵Ǻܲġ
Сһ㣬˵Щɻ顣׺һ
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Ļǿ߶֪Щ˵ƹʥķġ
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꾣֮еĳƺųԱ
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ౣһ
Ѫüͷһ壬ȴһ


546 ɽ
һ·Ϊ콣עһ㣬һ漴콣ϵĹâʱѹѪѪ⣡
Ѫɫ˵
нʥ֮ǱΪӽڵԪӤʿֳʵʵ̫ԿħʱҲûзӳ֮ͷϵʵ
˽ϧĸһɫĳ·ڸԼİһ㣬и¶һ˿顣
Ѫ¶һɫȻںսʱǶ衣
룡һ̬콣󣬽ϲš
һָ콣һƿһѪ⡣
飡ѪеѪһâһ𣬾޴Ȼ
һ֮ǰȫֱͬ˵ˡ
ϬޱȵĽâ·ҪһжᴩϵƸǲϵţ
Ҫƿһ𣿡ɵһЦ
ұȽҷ·һϻ֮ɳ
ŵĿһۣ𣿡
еǬ콣Ľ΢ÿһλӶ·Ҫһ㡣
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Цһô𣿡
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Ī˵ǺԪӤʿǻʿҲ޷赭дĻһпܽ鱦ĳɣ
ˣˣǿգ̾һ
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ؽʥһʮԪӤʮԪӤԲľ磬˽Ⱦʥ֮Ҳѵһš
ҲǸںĵӰˡ
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һǧǰΪȶԪӤԲ֮׼ڵƿʱû˻ΪʧܣɶΪܽ׳ɹӴ˳ΪʿֱӳΪʮ֮һ
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ƫƫʱĺ֪Ůħʿĺᣬɵ˵ʱ׼Ůӵɱ
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547 ﶯ
ֵֽľһֱȥѪ᲻ϵĲʳ͵ĵȡʣ
ˮ컯ҩ͸ȥά͵
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齫յٵϤ͵֮У֮±˶оǻʿҲҪˡ
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СϾ״֮Ҳһ˿ѷ죬ܹͭСӵĹСԽܵĴҲԽ
ˣɣһְסСӣСȥ˵ҲֻСӡ
Сһ䣬ʱͱԭȵӣſ͵ļϲͣľ͵ͷﻹ۵˵ţʱʱͭһۡ


549 Сƨ
ͭҲûʲô취ܹԸǡ
ˣȳȥɣⶫһֱҲõĻͻȻʧ͵һЦ
֮еĶȷڴﶼȫŪͣͱõ֮еκζ
һγɽͼ֮Ѿʮ֮ˣʮ֮ͽԼ״̬
֮ǰѪĹϵѾòЩڻˮ컯ǿҩЧ֮ǰ⡣
ͷʹǵﴦһöɫĽ𵤣ʿΪҪĵطȻؾö֮֮оס
͸ǲϧѪĺķ˴ѪһöɫĽΧ˾ؽ磬һöɫĽ𵤳׸԰һ㡣
սˣüͷһ壬ɽͼ֮ȻʿϢ
ò᣿ͷһ
˺ʥսѾһʤڵ˵һϢ
ʤôͺ֮ġѺáϵЩ˾ԻὫҶʣ
ʥʤͻأĳԭӦѾû˵ɽͼζʲô
ֻҪɵӣܲµϱضпռıԲܶ㿪ʿʶ̽⣬ٲɽͼ鱦
һ鱦жջһˣ
ѹֻΥ͸УԭԴͷͻȻ͵ı۵
ֻһСԲཱུкĿ͡
飿ʹ۾
к˻ȭͷô쵽ģζҵģ
СҪ̫ˣˮߺһ׶Ӷʱסкӡ
ħȻɽͼ֮£ʱζʵ
ͱɽͼȻ»Ҫǰһ㣬ȴһȫȫĸ鱦Ĺȱ˿ǰҲΪռ鱦ϡٵԵʡ
ҿҲ֪ɽͼʵʵǲôôþȻֻһͯӡ
ߣΪһ𣿡кмĺһ
СС;˲ؿҲҪúý̽㶮𾴳ˮЦһȻĵâᴩк塣
ӻˣɽͼ֮й飿·˷ۡ
ɽͼſռתƵ鶼ɽͼ֮бĻǾµһЦˡ
УҲ𣿡ˮƲƲ졣
ɽͼȤζĿºͺˮߣһܹӵԼ飬һܹڵ飬Ĵ֮ҲǼ亱ġ
һǵһο鱦顣Ск¶˻ĵЦݡ
µһЦһֱǣ
ȻҲ֪ʲôҶ޷ȷǵλãҾָоǻڡɽͼ˵ͷ
ɽͼһģԼһЩΪȻҲһоʹ޷ȷǵʲôط
Ϳɽͼһۣ֮⻹֪ǵĴ𣿡
ں£Скͷ͡
е㡣͵˵ͷ
ģѾڱǵϢû˻ǻɽͼ֮УǸϼһҲһСкһЦһ仰ֻԼ
ͬʱСкҲ˳ξͺСʴҪǹһ
ʲôҰôæҲӦñʾһ°ɡСкĿͣһ㲻ңҾͿ޸㿴ӣѾмۿתˡ
ССͲѧãŪһЩű߼ʵ飡ºݺݵһСкͷ­һϹ漴û⺢ӵԺ֮С
лл㣬ǽã¸ľȻķʱЦ˻
ҲҪ½ԼŽȡһֽӣȻһʺȴҲΪṩһ˿
»кˮֱǿй뷨֮е鲻ͬɽͼвġ
ҲȦӣ֮һЩʵǿԺǿƽƽ
ЩǿŹͬص㣬ǱǷ飬Ҳֻпܸһºͺˮ˵ǳΪһʼһžѾ׵Ĺˡ
֮ǰЩȥˣʵ
СкͷһأһۣƺΪûյ
ֲԴҲֻεҡҡͷԸСһ򶼲س
¿һۣµ˵ͷ
ܸ߽ܲ㣬֮ǰЩ˵ȥˣʵ
ҸϳȥˣСкһЦ
ϳȥˣһ㶣ˮߺҲǹɫȻ֪ʲô˼
ЩһҵɱɱģŻɶһ˾Ȼ٣ʵǿȥˣͽЩȫ˳ȥСкһ뵽ЩԼڵΪһӻ
ǿЦ⣬һı˶û뵽ɡ
鱦λǷ½֮иһ鱦˵һɻҪҪɽͼûǩκԼ鱦
鱦ڵиԵƢԣҪЩɲһ򵥵飬㲻ݺݵķһѪĻ㡣
ʹʥɣһ鱦ҲҪϹϾġ
ɽͼͻȻ쭽ʥļƻңٴĲҲֻѹš
ٴŭҲ޼£һ֮лûʲôܹ鱦٣һ鱦ĹϵŪˣԿĻԼ
СƨԼǰɪҲֻΪĬˣﻹ鰡ֱڹһڰ
°һۣΪƴƴ飬綼Ҳˡ
ͺٺٵһЦСƨȣºͺˮߵȷǺ̫ˣٲ档
ôܳȥʵ
Скҡҡͷ
Ϊʲôüͷһ塣
һתôˣҵùˡ˵ʱСƨ¶˺ߵɫ
Ͷʱ黹һҲǼʶˡ
ҸĵЩ˱ˮ߿૵
Сƨתƿɲʲô飬ʿȻǾݶĴڣЩطǶԸ̤㣬ΪЩطûʿ
СƨϾҲǱʥô꣬ûʥӳȥⲢζʿôõˡ
ЩʿֱӱתƵ˿ռѷ֮УûеǷӦʲôʱǾѾռѷˡ
ɽͼԹͱʥţɽͼ֮µҲǱ鲼أ׺ɣЩ¼ҲͱˣСƨҲǼ䲻Ρ
һתƾȻ֮һĻʿ䣬˫ɱĻҪĶ࣡
Ҳ޺Сƨһ˿ɵ


550 Сƨ
ɽͼûʲôɽͼ֮ȴ꣬СƨΣյĵط͵ĻͲŽɱ֮䡣
һȺתƾСƨƻõģȻΪʲôʥʲô鶼ûУʿ͵ЩΣ֮أбʧΪء
Ҫòָܻʵ
Скҡҡͷ
һְһĳ嶯Сƨ۽Ǵ¶Ľв͡
Ҳѹ֣ʹСƨܺͺˮߺĴȣǱϾҲǴʮ飬Ҫ˵ǺԵĻҲʵ˵ȥ
ɽͼ͵̫̫̫үүи࣬ôĴĸаģ
żɽɣ㻹Ҫʲô¸֮㣿̾һ
ɽͼһЦڿ˰࣬һɾ
Цһɾ㻹ʨӴ󿪿ڰ
̵ģСƨθڱһ󣡡ˮ߲ŵĿɽͼ顣
һھһɾƴֵʿҲզࡣ
㻹Уɽͼжʱһ⡣
ͻȻСƨҪۣո¶ĳɺԸСƨɾ
ҲΪԼĻǸѷɫЩǧϹȴһСģһʹСģѾǴʮ꣬ͻһֵֹֹĸо
ɽͼ鿴;ǿһһ㣬۾ҪðһСˡ
ɾ⼴ʹҲǼϡĶܹ֮ⷲŪһѾˡ
ʹʥĴҲûɾĴڡ
ж٣ֻҪһ飡һ͹ˣ͵ȵһƷɾҲԻָ֮һԪСƨеʵ
һЦҪñꣿôõ𣿡
ɽͼҲ¶һ˿ߺ죺Ұ㴫ͳȥ֮ҲͿ𣿡
棬ȫɽͼ黹һӡ
شҵ⣬һɾġгһСɫ塣
ɫ֮ɢ֮ɽͼʱһ
ʰɡɽͼʱ˹С
֮û֪ǻɽͼ֮Уʵ
ɽͼһ㶣֮ǰѾشˣΪλҪʣΪһɾҲ˲ôˡ
ûУڱǵϢ֮ûκ֪ǻɽͼ֮Сɽͼĵ˵
͵˵ͷеɫɽͼУֻһž嶼ɡ
ûʲôɾˡСƨ¶ɫ
ףɾСƨе쳣
һСɾ̺֮֮ǼޣȴףһƷδﵽɾȴһƷɾЧ
ⶫŪģɽͼ̲סʵ
ڶ⣬ΪҪڱǵϢʲôô͸ͲСƨ⣬ֱԼʡ
ͬʱҲ֪Ĵ𰸣ô꣬ĹѾᡣ
֮вϵڱֺ£ҲԵɵİ㡣
ɽͼǵϢʿ޷ǣ⿴ƺǰһæȴɽͼ˵ĺġ
۽飬ɽͼδı档
ʵͲΪԼʵܹɽͼһеĹ鸽
ɽͼεʼ򣺡ֻΪԼ
һ㶣ɽͼ˵д𰸣ȴû뵽õľȻĻش
˻ĻӦü˰ɡɽͼĵ̾˿
͵˵ͷȻ֪ʱǣһ鱦ʲôͼͻѡȥ
ǻܸܵе𣿡
ºͺˮüͷһ壬ȷڿ˻Ļʱǵȷһѣ㷢˻Ļ֮оȻûһ˿Ϣ
ӡͷӡˡɽͼĻֻһ˿ı
˵ıɣʹɽһСķΧ֮ڡ
һӡ˯Ըˡ
˵һ㡣üͷ
һ鱦Ҫô޴һӦúʹǻڵʿҲ߶һ鱦ʹҲޱȵѡԼһǰɣһͷϵ˥ִư˻Ļ޷ɽͼ̾˿
Ȼ˥ˣһû˵
ºͺˮҲһ˿ɵȻҲ֪Щ顣
ƶ½磬Щ鱦ҪάֱЩѣټʿʹãԭȻҲĵ߰˰ˡ
±Ϊľ˳˯֮У͵Ļ֪Ҫ˯ʲôʱ
Ϊ˷ֹɢʥʿǿзӡ˻˯֮ӻɥʧɽͼ˵
˵˰죬ƺǲ뱻ӡ˯֮СҲΪɺʲôϵһ
ɽͼ˵һƣȴڴӣûлش𵽵ϡ
ڶģһҶ޷Ŀռ䱦ʿϱȻһЩöСƨһЦ
һӳɫľ壬ɽͼ齫ɫľ御֮δҰһͣζĶζ
Ƿųȥɡ˵
һ־壡Сƨ쿴ͣ˿ͻᷴԡ
ȷôࣿʵ
Сƨ˵ͷողȷȷˣ
ͻȻһײǽĳ嶯ȻͬһƭΡ
㣬뿪ֱӳһװһĪ˵һһ´ˡ
ɽͼ۾гһˣƺеΪʲôصĸˡ
ʲôϽ͡ͺһ
Ҫȥģɽͼʵ
ȥĵ𣿡ʵ
У䣬ΧĿռ֮һŤǰľһ䣬Ƶأͺɽ壬ɽͼ֮еķ羰ྶͥ
ͷԼѾĵʱһȣǵԼλõʱ򣬺޲̽Сƨ
ڣѪɫĴ˲ӡ
ɽͼȻֱӰ˻ڣ֮У
ʿ֪ԼλҲȻ٣
ڣʲôطǿߵĹأ֮Ҳûжܹڣ
һ˻ڣ֮УΪ˾ҵأǲĳޣ嶼׷ɱĺǣ


551 ڣ
ڣ֮еĵλӹɣûϣԼҪŵġ
ڻڣΧдǿأ˵ǳ֮⣬֮н䱸Ϊɭϵĵطˡ
Ͱһ䣬ʱ֮У漴Ҳͬ΢һ㡣
ͬһʱ伸Ӱ˻ڣ֮ڡ
ô£ոջڣ֮ΪλᴫʿϢϱһ˳ꪵһ
˾Ͼð亹
ҵȵʧְ˾ΡΡ˵
⵽ô£ǲꪲػķΧԲܳκε©һ
ǿѹ꾹ȻѾʦˣ֮еͿʵ֮󲻽զࡣ
Բᳬһǧһǧʦھݶˣ˵ˡ
ꪲ䡣ͰԼ
ɽ˲ųҲӵš
ȷΧû쳣֮ꪵ뿪ڣ
ͲһԼϢܿ꣬ѰһԱȽϰȫ·뿪˻ڣ
һ·͸ֲܵϢЩϢ˽ʦһڣȻвλʦػͲڣһ˿档
ٺҲ߽ڣֻܰסԼĺģСǰš
кüΣǿ߷һ١
࣬һҲ쳣
ʦǿߵĸ֪һεĲпܣһٶĳôͲˣһһˡ
ѲߵǿҲԽԽ֮࣬µĿ϶ҲԽԽ١
Ѿ˻ڣ֮˽룬ʽֻҪͻڻڣ֮ڣᱻЩʱȴľĹ
Ҫܿƶˡа̾һ
Ȼܹȡ⣬Сʶ޷̽ĵزһжֻԭжȴƶ
ɵ鲻ƶֱӰŵһϰаһ䡣
ʱһ˾ɷɹԱߣ͵Ŀ֮˾ϣ
˾ٶȺܿ죬һգ۵ʱ䣬Ѿ˻ڣıԵ
ͣ˾δӦһһĶĲ֮С
˾ۿɼٶѸٸãһɢ޵Ѫ⡣
ûɢǰûвҽУûκεĺۼɻβ뻹͵Ϯ͵˵ɢѪĹ΢΢һЦ
һڻɹ֮նɱɻսƷ⻹һͷβ룬ڷβʵ̫޴ûһ޴βʲôķ֮ǰǲȥһβġ
ʹδƵķβ룬Ҳһһİɱ
˾Ļʩչѻ֮ͶڣҲһ˽⣬ͬʱҲڰ̾Լ
Ҫڣһ򵥵飬Ҫ뿪ڣȴѡ
ڣһ޴ķΧţصⷨȻҪκεʯ·һʹһ㡣
ڣҪͨһ󣬶뷨ҪԿףЩԿױµơ
Щƶַ֮ţʦһ֮⣬嶼԰ΪһӣֻÿӵĶӳʸӵơ
͵ʵǲôãɱ˲Ƕӳ
УҪƲܳȥ𣿡üͷɽͼƺǰ͵˲õĵطˡ
ڣֱƹܵģͬ⣬ʮ峤Ҳܽڣ
֮פصҲѡģ֮ҲǸ֡
ŪԴ
һĨݶʱһ䣬˱ɱݡ
˿Լ壬ҲֻεЦЦȾʿҪ׳ʵֻ࣬ܰԴ߶Ѫ֮Ͷʱ˼Ȧ
ļ⣬ʵת֮ͱһ壬ټϱնɱǸļ䣬ʱ֮ڻӪ֮Ӧò⡣
ʱ䣬ȱľʱ䣬˾ĴڱضڱԪһĶѶѾڵĲ֪ˣϲϱ棬ֻһʱ䣬̡
ۣʲôɲѲ߷Χһֻһֻ۾һ۵Ц
һ䣬Ļڣ֮Ѳߣ˶Ҫˡ͵ҲޱȵĴֿ
ǣҲ֪ôģЩΪǰȷأҲûбҪ˰ɡǶΪȻĵ˵ͷ
л𱩣ʮ֮лʿԸˬֻ۾ֱ۶ں;ʿ֮ʱʿȥģʹ𱩻ǻҳΪĴ˾
ǺˣȻʮ壬Ҳһˣ֮ǰҲǺˡ
ȴ֪ǰѾ֮ǰʶˡ
ѹι۵ļ䣬ﻹڶϺԭȵ۶žųɵƣںദ˰Ļ𱩶ûзǰǼٵġ
㻹˵һ˵Ҿһӻ𡣡һƨ
ֱꪲ˸۸ˣЦ
쵰һ˵ꪲ䲻ͳһ̵õĻǴʿԴ㿴ꪲЩţӣһǿ׶Ҫͷȥˣಿ͵һһ𱩴ֵ˿εԴء
û취˼һǱ߳أܲɪ𣿡εЦ
ߣһѵûһ죬һ׵ۻὫꪲꪻʸܡ𱩺һ
׵ۣꪻʣЩʮ֮ǿ߲ӵеĳƺһ㡣
ͬꪣ񣬻Ľһ⼸ƺһֻһƺţ;ʿеĽɣʥһʡ
;ʿЩͬǣıȾʿںֳƺš
֮е˶ԻóƺΪ١
ЦЦֻʮеȨˣЩСͲˡ
𱩹ЦˣЩˣǺȾưɣҿǴӶӳǱ߻һþơ
·ĻͻȻһһڵģͻȻһֹĸо
㻨˶٣ǿЦʵ
಻࣬һƷҩ
ۣոڵľƶʱ˳
٣ɵ㶵ĿŻ𱩡
һƷҩİɣҸĶģʲôӤģûʲôôЦ
Żһռ˱˵ͻȻԼƺǺܼܰңǰȣӦǽڼˡ
ӤƷ߽׵ҩԪӤʿ˵ӿԪӤƷҩ֮ҲƷˣȴһ«ƣһһʵơ
һΪ𱩸ǺˣΪʵ̫ˣںȹ˺þƵʵڡ


552 ڷ
һܼҡΪûʹޱȡ
ʿмΪͨĶ֮ݳƷˡ
ȻֿʯȴΪƶ񤣬ֲܹҩظǷëǣƵҩҪݺﻹ˷ҩƣ
Ҳǻ˾ˣǰƵı߶
ͭһ«Ƶʱͭʱжµģֶ֮ھԵݳƷˡ
㲻Ⱦͱ˷ˣһѶлʣһľƱ˼ɵԼһ
ζƵķҷ˳
źʵƶܵĻ𱩣һʱ䶼֪Ҫ˵ʲôźá
ڣʿÿŻֻһΣ֮Щʿ޷뿪ڣֻڻڣ֮Ѳߡ
ÿһӵĶӳܹƾеżȥһ֮⣬ʿֻڣ֮жȹˡ
𱩺ڵС֮УӳղĴ˾ƣְ֮㶼뿪ڣɹơ
о仰ᣬƵĶӳһԭȵڶϲⱭ
ȻҰȴɵղĺڷҲ֮е棬¶ƣǼ۸ȴԭȵĸ߳ǧ
ɾӣڣ֮Ҳֻкڷһӵƣڷ翪ļ۸ٸҲԸۡ
һƷҩȡһ«ֻڣ֮Ѿżˡ
ϲ𣿵ǿһ¡а
ţ𱩵ıͻȻҵĶ£һɴûŵζʱıǿ֮С
㣬ƣ𱩲˼Ŀе«ζԴͷ
«ڽħ֮еõģԭҲһ鱦ȴΪ̫أеɢˣҲֻװƵĺ«ˡ
ҪҪһЦ
ȻҪӲŲҪأһѶе«һ󱭣Ҳ߶ʮһֱӹȥ
ˬˬˬ̵ģոҺȵǾƣ򣡡𱩴Ц˵ָԼһ
̫ˣҵģһѶ˻
죺֮αطֵôҪҲ㼸ŵҩ
ЦЦĵҩԼŰɣʲôӤҿɿϡ
ҪʲôϿûʲôˡһҰܵĿͣеƶջɲһĴ󰡡
ҪƣҪȥһˡ;ĿΧһ˵
ʲôҪƣ𱩾ɵĿ͡
Ż𱩾ȵɫͷһѵҳʲô©ˣӦðģµĺ񰡡
Ҿ˵һҲǰֵڰͲסˡͻȻЦ
һ㶣֪⻰ʲô˼
˵ҺͺڷǼһ죬㻹Ѿ˼ôõľ¸ҡ𱩺ٺЦ
ôһ˵͸һͷˮˣ˿֪𱩵˼
İɣͰˣٺ١𱩺ٺٵЦţͻ׵ĻôٶҲǰ׻ˡ
ȻȥĴһģһ«С
һ«ƾҵĶˡЦ
𱩺ٺһЦο˺«ϵӣʱƵζ𱩵۾
ãϻͬһ㣬뿪ˡ
뿪͵ʱ𱩸ո˵Ͳʲô˼ѹι۵ĻҲ֪е飬ЩʱЩɢȥļΪҪġ
ӵʱ䣬𱩾͸˻ɫҲ֪ƺôá
ڷô˵ʵ
̵ģǼһﾹȻۣӺƵʱҲҪҾųɵưˣȻҪųɾţƿڴ
ԭڷ粻ƣǸ˳Ƶ⣬Ҫƿԣǳȥ㹻ƻеľųɻϽȻ붼롣
˽⵽ԼӳΪ֮󲻽̾ڷ統ҵͷԡ
ԭΪƾ͸ƣֻóһܴɽˣϾ͵ƺ֮ǰȵֺ̫ˡ
ȴ͹ڷθڣʶƵ֮󣬺ڷ統ͽ𱩵һ«ƸռˣһҪƵĻҲҪʮ«ơ
ڷ絹ʶЦһ
ԼĪ˵ƶˣǷھҲһһġ
ûĸɻʿҩƣҲûĸʿὫʯμӵ֮С
е˵һǲ⣬˵һֵҩΪǡһڶҲǴ洦
޷Ժͺڷ罻棡͵˵ͷ
ơεĿ˿֮ͣǰѻ˵̫ȴûаɣûʲôܹһ«ƵĶ
ˣҲˡ׳һ«֮ʧ˻𱩵ǰ
һ㶣ƺе㲻һˣԼеһ«ƻ𱩱㽫Щ֮Ժ
ڻ˵ֻҪԼܹõôˣܲôࡣ
ôӲĻڣ֮еظԽնɱ˵
նɱңδֻǲ¶ˣЦһ
ڣ֮еȷʿҪɵ֣Ҫͻûôס
Ǹӳʶһ㣬ȻҲɱһ塣ͺһ
͵μ죬Ƭͱ˺ڷĶ֮⡣
ڻڣΧЩߵĶڣڻڣĺλεΪܹˣҲֻʦǰ߹ݲפڻڣġ
ڷʵǲѹܵ϶ӳЦһ
ڷʵѾǴ˾۷ˣ൱֮еĴʿеĻΪʦҲûпܡ
ڷӳ͵ͳڶ
ˣ֮һ׳촽һƵζ̲ס˷
ںڷߣһͷ޴սڶ֮Уղİսޣ
ڷһӣʯŴ󿪣
͸ŶǿϢ΢΢һЦʯžȻиϢã⵹ʡȥ顣
ղΪǿıǿԺԼİս޹ͬսһһڶЧ
ǰϵٶҲԲκεá
ͱкڷһĴڣ޷κεв
ͿһɲǣڷߵսͻȻһ
ᱪüͷһ塣
ս޺޲࣬ս޵Ǿ͵̫ˣûڵҲû츳ͨսıǿ
Щܹеս֮ҲǼϡٵġ
ûޣ֪֮еսޡ
ЩսԭǴ֮ݻġ


553 ս
ۣڷưĿ͡
ڷƺָ߸ϵĸоڣ֮гЩʦ֮ڷ绹κˡ
ЩײβʦڻڣأᵽڣΧ
͵˵ͷû˿ľ⡣
͵ıúڷһ˿ɫڣΧ֮лû˭˶ԴʹĶӳҲмӣ˭˴󵨵ֱ
ģڷָָһԵĺ«
͵˵ͷ֪ӳкָ̣
ж٣ȫҪˣڷһ
ŶȫҪˣȤζĿźڷ磬Ŀƺܴ󣬵ʥ֮ʱͿºҪеƷҩڷҲˣȻԲѵҪеơ
ô㲻Ը𣿡ڷһ
͵һЦǾҪӳóļˣ
һƣɻʱ䡣ڷָ
죬ӳǴ󷽣һʱ֮ڶһɾ޴ѹ
һʯŵĹϵ޴ѹȻûһ˿й¶ȥ
С㣬Ҷ֪Ҷ֮гһ˾۷ǿߣڷ˵
չ¶ʵ˿ûие𾪣ͬǴ˾۷嵫ʵȴҲ֮
ڷ粻֪۳Ϊ˾۷жãǾԲᳬ꣬ȴѾͣ˽ǧ̣꣬綼ܹȵġ
һ˲䣬ڷ޵Ĳᱪһ͡
Ϊڷİսޣᱪʵӹɣһ˾۷ǿߡ
飡ȭצཻ
ڷһ
ɲǼһѪ£ոջݵĲᱪת֮һ⡣
Ҫڷŭһȭ͡
ƾ㣿Цһһȭһֻɫצʱڷѹ˵ϡ
һȭ򱬲ᱪʱڷӦò͵ʵͲܹģǿԼĲᱪڷѾ˲ôˡ
һĵϵĺڷʱʶǰ͵ʵͲܹġ
ܣⲻܣ㲻Ǵ˾۷壬λ˿ֲڷ粻ŵĿ͡
չֳĪ˵Ǵ˾۷壬ʦҲδӵ
Ƹң΢΢һֻɫצ˺ڷӲƤѪ֮С
ķ͵̽צǰû˿ô
㵽ʲôˣھҵʹڷ嶼ھҵĲš
ֻҪɵӣܿóǰ۾Բ֮ǰˡ
ֻĵģҪġһ䣬¶ݡ
࣡ڷͺһҪͱ͸ѹ
ͿŲϳ鴤ĺڷһЦвһĴڣֻҪƬ֮ɱ㡣
ֻ࣬ҪɱңɣڷǿʹЦ
е֪ĹܳŶãЦһ
һ˿ɫѪҺ˳ɫצûڷ֮С
ոջӲޱȵĺڷʱɱĲҽС
Ѫһ˿ɫѪҺ֮ѪѪ֮ǳܹܣʴĸоֱ޷ݡ
ִһ磬һڷеҲԲᴫȥ
Ѫ֮˲ҪǲϵĲʳ壬ʱ޿̶ּ˵ʹ֮Уĥ㣬񶼲ŹѪʿһ붼ⶾ֮¶ܲʹ˶ϡ
ͺһֻɫצ΢΢һһ˿ɫѪҺӺڷ֮гڿһŰɫѪΡ
ַǲҪһԣ¶һĨЦݡ
һ˿Цںڷ΢Цֲֿܹĸо֮󣬺ڷҲû˵ʲôӲĻˡ
£ȴ
ؿڣѪĥĺڷɳơ
͵˵ͷǿڷ£ȻںڷؿϿһơ
ֻаƴСȴʲôɵģ
ôõģʵ
òˣֻʹáǰ֮ڷʱشʵǱѪŪˡ
ǺڷûйѪ֮±ʿ綼Ҳ
ƻ˵ģһ
˵ģƾļӳ֣壬Ļʿ޷ʹãڷ缱æͣһŭ֮ٴΰѪ֮С
ʯָ֮ͣû棬ĿĿͬһһڵϵĺڷ硣
Ȼûѹźڷ磬Ǻڷȴһǰʿȴź岻ƵĿֲֻҪ춯˾ܹԮź֮ǰնɱ
ԮʱҲֻһˣںڷ˵űʲôҪ
ֻһʹ𣿡ʵ
һֻһͨڷʵʵĻش
ûǿػʵ
Уڣа˾ǿߣڷ˵ͷ
ûʦǿߣͽʵ
ڷԥһ᣺ȻûۿԼ֮лܸоʦǿߵϢ
ٴ˾ʦǿߣڲдʦǿأڣ֮еʲôӣʹսʱڶҪֳػڣ
ڣʲôʵ
⡭ڷԥĿһۣĿ֮ʱȻֱ͵۾
һʬ壡ڷ˵ֵʱȫ·𶼱һ㡣
˭ʬ壿ʵ
ս񣡡ڷϸֳһɿȡ
ûһ
Ҳû˵ҡҡͷ
Ҳǡˮ̾˿
鶼֪սĴڣǺڷΪ˻׫
һ㣡ͲͷĿźڷ硣
ڷε̾˿µҲƹˤˣй¶Ѿ̫ˣ֪ĻɣȻй¶һй¶ҲڷҲνˡ
ʷϵǿߣĴһֱҪ׷ݵϹ֮ǰʱصˡս֮еǿߣһбǳ䡣һ̸֮ǰҫڷҰ׵϶һĨΡ
ǳͲݣ˿ֲʵǻڵǿҲڷûпĻôһλսʵԳ˻ڣп൱֮к徳ǿߣߣ
ǿҲʱս֪Ϊʲôԭ䣡
Ǿͬаǰǿһ㣬ʹȥǵ嶼ܱ
彫սʬ֮УǻڣȵĳΣڣ֮ڱΪ˰ս
һʬֵǶôǿأһ
ڷҡҡͷ֪Ҳô࣬ҵĵλҲֻ֪ôࡣ


554 ʢ
͵ͷ˼źڷ˵顣
ڣ֮аʷǿߣǽһʬֵʦ
Ϳڣ֮бȻʲôΣȻǲ˶ǿڴء
ǧ˾ټڰʦǿߣһɶôǿһսĻضսҪãƾһѹҲ˵
ȴûôѡһɿֲػڣ
ҲֻһͣУڣļֵҪԶԶڹݾݡ
ҳȥһһα۵ӡ
ڷɫһ䣬εĵ˵ͷܹ»ѾˣͲҶ˵ʲô
һֻʹãʹԭȵļƻ׵ˡ
ݸ޷һƣʹǻʿҲһ
͵ʵ飬һ֮йƾûһ㷴ӦȻںڷȴܹɢ΢ĹâҲͲòı˼ƻ
ҪĻ㾡ԸһЩСһ˺ڷıϣһ˿Ѫʱ˺ڷ֮С
ںڷ壬ͱһЩգڷðҴĻҲûаմڣ֮аȻ뿪
ڷҲȻȴ
һ˿ѪһʧȥҵĿƣҲһ
ڷ岻һѪĿֲֲҲޱȵη塣
ƣ׳ס˺ڷ͡
벽ʦе˼͵Ŀϡ
ϵϢȺڷ绹ҪǿһЩѾǰֻ̤ʦˣպʦ˵ǰ϶ˡ
͵ĸоȴˣΣգ
ǴˣǴˣҺڷƣڷ繧ĵԼơ
ԺڷΪλŵĶҪϾɼŵǵ֮
ǵ˵ͷȷƵȷںڷ֮ÿһ·
ڷЦЦǶһʯ֮Уƺʯϵİһ
ڷҲ¶һ˿֮ɫһ˿ɫĹâ˳źڷұע뵽һ֮С
ɫâĲע룬һֱŻڣһϳһԼĪһ˸ߵĶڡ
Ƴ˺ڷһۣһ׼ͨڡ
Ȼһɲǣƿ
飡תӳһȭֻȭͷݺݵײһ
⣡ǽס壬Ǵһ˿Ѫ
ɫĿŽǣʲô˼
ʲô˼ǺٺһЦĨȥǵѪ
࣬صĺܺãȴǵıӣЦһ
üͷһ壺ӣ
ϵǹĳζʵ̫ŨˣǺһȭͷ
ƲƲ죬Ȼǰ벽ʦǰ
̽צҲۿҪ뿪ڣˣԲꪳɳһǿġʽ
飡ɫצͽɫȭͷײһɲǼǾ޴ͱһɾ˺˷ĩ
ɱ;Ȼһɱ˽ǣһ벽ʦǿߣ
ǣǣֵܣͨóϻ֮Ȼֻǰ벽ʦΪֵĻʦǿҲܶһ
񣬽ǱһٶȻɱʹ̶ʧȥˣֻʣһ˸޷Ϳ⡣
ʧˣΣյĸоʧˣͰһ
磡һʱͣ
һУҲȥɣһһֱӹᴩǾ޴塣
䣡Ǿ޴ȻըѣжʱһѪꡣ
˵Ҳֻǵʯ֮䣬ֵϢ͵С
Ǹ΢΢һЦ׹һʧڣ֮У
ڷĿص⣬һĽֵܾȻһȫʬ³
һ󺮷紵ڷ粻һæ뿪ط
飡͸ճƾͱһֻɫƸѹ
ֻ࣡ɫƵ˲㵵Ŀ͡
ڻڣ֮ʦ֮һղ٤ޣ
ʦЦһס٤޵ֶʱһȭȻ٤޵Ƹ˻ȥ
㣡٤޿͵ݵʱüͷһ塣
ͣ٤޲ȷʵ
㵹ʶҡ͵һЦ
ͽĻҵ֮䴫ˣ٤ɫӵĿ͡
ĵĹأκڣҪܵ޾׷ɱһ֮ǰ¹ϵĹʹʦǿ߼Ҫ
һبŴɣڶϵλ
֮侹Ȼ˳ͻʹ٤ʦǿһʱ֮Ҳ֪Ӧôˡ
Ȼ֪٤ЩʲôΨһҪ뿪ģ
ѣԵȣϾ֪ͨˣ٤˵һ仰ʱȴһѾܾߵģֻʾˡ
٤̬ȵתЩתһƺʱһ߶ʱԺ֮С
ûмǴĻ֮仹һʾ޴Ľףһʽ֮ҲֻĲ
ҲЩɻ񵽵ʲôͷȻܹ٤ʦǿ߲۲۵ִУ;ȵǣƺǴӻڣ֮гġ
ѵ֮йڻڣĴ˵Ǽٵģвʵ
ʵϾ֮жڻڣûһ˿ĳɷ֣˵ˣڣĵҪ޷ģ֮еĵλʵ̫ߣʹ٤޲òС£ǻ٤Ҳ飡
٤޵ɫ˼飬͵Ŀ֮Ҳһ˿𾴣
ѣϾ͵һת͵ĵλָ˼֣٤ʦмӡ
Ϳ٤ޱϹϾͻȻֲʵĸоһ⣬඼ûʲôɫģǰ٤Լǰȴֵĳϻ̳Ͽ֣µԼһ㡣
֪٤ͨطȡϵ㱨һߵֱ֮Ӹ٤Ҫס;Ҫ٤޺ղᣡ
٤˿ỳ⻰ʵԣղȻΪʮ֮һкЩСûʲôֻҪҪô;ܰ쵽һ˳İ쵽֮жзԵ
ΪԼͲδ٤Ȼжǫжǫˣ
·Ϊ͵٤ǫȻթ
ڿǲҪ٤޻ɱʦϾʦʵǿǻûǿ󵽿Ϣɱһʦĵز
ţǿϢ񣡡ĵһһ񣬻Ѿ͵֮У


555 ۻ
֮һǿ߻Ȼ͵ǰⲻѹʹʵԻǿߵʱҲʲôʤ㣡
ˣ٤޼æӡ
Ȼ㣡񿴵͵ʱ̾˿
ǰþòˣεЦЦ
ҲЩΡ
߰ɣءֻǿͱĻڣһۣûʲôӦˡ
ʹڣΪѡӡ
Ի֮еĵλҲӦ֪ڣ֮ǡɳ˻ڣ֮У׽һ
û˵ʹڣǻɱǿߣ鶼޷Ƚϡ
͵˵ͷظ˻ĺ棬Ƭ̾дǿ߽ʦǿȻﵽλ
ĵ̷޿ĵزչǰĲһְˡ
սٿ𣿡΢΢̾˿
üͷһ壺ڻ֮°ˡ
Ȼ֮˵ĹϵŪһ㣬Ǿݺķ֮˹ʶʿս
һ쵽׷ʲô飿̲סʵ
һͱѪʱ̣֮ʧȥ˶Ϣƿء
ڻҼ絽֮һ˿ڣһ˿ڼѾᴩ˻
ܹ˵̶ֳȵģһ綼ָ
֪һ֮е׷˶ôҵսڻǿ߶ȫˡ
ˣð˷ŭĻ档
ĺͶЩ죬ʲôû˵ķŭ
Ҫ㣬ĵҩ׼𣿡ǿаסĵķŭ͡
ҡҡͷҪһʱ׼
Ҳ⣬ۼʶǿ֮˭Ϊſڴƻơ
ͷһ̾һָһ㣬һȦһ·ɢһһ˸ߵͨ͵ǰ
بʹڶҿɴǼᶨĴڶһ˿
ҪǸ𣿡ͻȻһȵϢ
ǿĻϢа
ͱǲٿػмңϸټ춼ϻڻ֮ϵȥ֮˵ܼ
ǰһȵϢȴֱ΢ĸо·ӵеĻǰһ
׵ۣҪˣʲô˵ĻɸΣ˵
У׵ʲôֵָֻ𣿡ʱһϢǿʢ˼֣ͲòתֵһȵϢ
ӴСһﻹе˼׵ǰ㻹ʸ񣡡׵۵һߣ͵·ޱһ㣬ÿһ޾Ļţ
ɷ֮𣬻аɷ𣡡һ󾪺
ޱʵȴޱȵãһжĲĻ
֮ȻӰεȴȷȷʵʵţаɷȴûʵ壬ǽԷ棡
ʹнܵаɷӰĻþֻþȴʵ͡
ǵɷ֮𣬻аɷĿ֮
ӰΣ޿ɷ
׵㲻Ҫ̫ˣһ
㲻ҪΪ׵㣬һ׵ۻ㣬֮ƺʱұϵĻ񣡡׵۹һЦһȵϢʱʧӰ١


ޱ֮нѳͲϵĴŴʵȻ޷ޱаɷʵֲ̫ˣ
֮𱾾ͷ˼ʹаɷûоǰԵа˷ʤ
֮ǸĿһۡ
ۻ֮ǿƺţֻǿĲӵƺš
׵ǻǿߣǻȴڻ֮ײ֮£ԭӦǻĳƺҲ˱׵ۣҲ׵Ϊŭ飬ÿһ׵۶Żûƺš
κ۾ͻƺŵײͻĲǿ߶ʡ͵ĵƣÿһ׵۶ꪳɳ³
һ׵۾ޣӵ˻аɷĻ棬ʵǣԻûκεľ⡣
һ׵ȫҪͻһεĳΪ׵۵ĵʯ֪һҲޱȵưɡ
ҲһС磿̤һ֮ͨʱʱС֮еĳˡ
⾹ȻһʥС磬Ҫ˵ĻǱûʥǰҲʥǰ㴿С֮лϢһɽͬһС֮С
Щɽ֮вͣɢĽЩڿɽ֮µգЩ֮ת˼Ȧ֮㱻
Ҳһ˿漴Ĵʹòһ˿Ƴ⣬ʽʺȻ˿ѷɫǿߣǽڽĴ̼̫󣬼ʹǿҲǵòʧ
ѾʵˣԸ壬ʽǲʺġ
ͬʱҲЩɽеĴеСǧɸߣСֻʹСԵĲЩ졣
ƺеɻ󣺡ЩɽبʹڣұһЩɽѾ׵ʧˣ
͵˵ͷһСҲ޷ǰϢЩɽȻʧ
ɽİΧ֮Уһ޴Ĺ͵ǰ
ûжΣûжͼԵޱȵĴ
ľڡ̾һʹԶԶĿŶܸܵһɲɣʷС
һѾ֪˶ˣһӵȣɹȷǱˡ
һ˲䣬֮мǿϢֱͣͣһ֮˻֮С
飡̲סؿͻȻݣһȭӡؿڡ
ǿһȭ˲Ҫ͵
ûе˼֮дһߡ
ʲô˼ŭȻҵͣ
Ҹһȭ޷סĻ˾ˣҲʲôèܽġһ
ǿߣһ͸ͱһȭ
ƺһڵѪתݵزҲָԭӡ
һȭ˿ֲͶ⽣ʵʵǷͬһ㣡
û°ɣŵĿ͡
ʵˣʹܹ֮½ȭʦҲࡣ
ˣҡҡͷ
Ǹոսͽ⵽׵ۺͽĹҲƺԤԼһ֮вɡ


556 ֮
񿴵ƽҲһ
ʥ֮ۼʶǿʵʹͻڵʿҲǺѷɫ
ʹĸȭҲѪһȴȫ˻ʶļ֮У֮лûܹƾ½һиȭĴڡ
ʹ֮еޱһиȭвҲҪ˰ȴֻѪ
ʵȻ׵ۺͻ񣬵ܹӵнƺŵĶ֮жĴڣʹвҲϸ΢
չֳ˿壬ûò˼顣
֮е˶ôѺð֮Ѿһ˿ŭ
Դ˻Ҳ޿κΣȻŽᵫڲҲз磬ڴܹһµһЩȴŷ硣
˵ĵطһ仰Ҳͬãʹ֮ӵϵλڲҲ
𣡡һͷȫź׵ľ쳤Х
ĵĵޣޱ𾪵Ŀһͷս׵ľޡ
ûмǴĻһͷ֮ǰѾȥˡ˵
˵ͷһͷޣ
ҲǺĿһͷޣֽڴ˵֮еϹҲͷһο
˵Ժ⣬ǺͬһʱϹžޡ
ʹ־춯صĴڻǵֵµʴµķʹһ־޽ʧʷĳ֮С
Ȼ֮ǰϢ󣬻ҲļϢһͷתƵ֮С
ʹҲ޷ıʵһͷȥ֮ʱһľޱԶʧ֮䡣
ܹϹžҲǺȤ֪޵Ƿ紫˵֮еǰǿ
ɽһľ޴Ǻصףһܹ֮˺޵Ҳָ
۽磬Ǵ۽磡ĵ̾
޾޴ıڣ޾ȻΪĿžޡ
ڻĴ̤֮һ֪˶ĹϹ
ѣһ£û뵽ּˣ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ʥʱȣɫԺ˺ܶ࣬ڷһЩ֮ڵĶҲһ֡
ЦЦѵʵо
۽ǽ˼£һ۱㿴ʵȻеʮֵĲ졣
֮ǰҪѹڵĶأ󲿷ֵӡסˣؽʵȻҲڲϵĻָܹаصһ֮оԲᳬˣ
ˣᵽʦ𣿡һ˳ꪵߴ͡
͵Ӱ·ͺһһ㣬һ̺֮ͶΪ֮ļ¡
ꪻʣԺ֮ͻȻð֡
ӴһգۻĲСҲӵлƺˣꪻʻǵ˫֮бһ󾫹⡣
ܹ֮ƻΪСĿҲֻǰꪻˣꪻȻڳƺϵڻ׵۶ҪһλûĸСӶߡ
εꪻʿ˵֮Ϊֲ֮ˣһ꣬ꪻʵʱûгأ
Ҫĳꪻ
ԪȻûôֲǱ廹кܴƣԪҡ
ʦǿ߻һҲûʲôϡģҲֻܹһ꣬ôõҲֻꪻһˡ
ͻĲȣҲꪲ価һЩļһǧȥ˻ûʲôСһܹ̳ꪻһƺšꪻΪϧҡҡͷ
ЦһΪꪻʵǿòꪲĺ޻ɳ𣿡
ҶǰˣҪһꪻʵĳƺʲôأǽꪻʻĻҵеȤꪻʵһЦ
ꪻʵʵҪһƺҲʲôܵ顣ĵ˵ͷ
ꪻһϹʵĻ»ڻ֮ϣ˵֮еĵڶǿߣ
ˣϹͷǲˡꪻıһ˱廹Ҫһصĳꪡ
ΰһѻ֮ꪽиĸĺ󱲱ȽʵڣꪻʸЦ֮㽫Ŀ⼯͵ϡ
ʱ͵ꪻʿţ·Ǳһͷ޸һ㣡
кܶ˵ζꪻЦе˵
üͷһ壺ꪻʲô˼
ڣɱڣˣòΪô˰ɣꪻ͵ʱ˵ֲѹʱѹ͡
ꪻס֣󾪣ꪻʵԶ֮ǰĽǱꪻʻеĻͱɣ
ּæꪻסָոմꪻʵͱһɾ޴𿪣һǿĻڶѡ
һӴ·磡
һϹȻֲ˹̲סһ
Ȼӵ֮ƺţʵ֮ȴꪻźܴĲ࣬˵ҲǧԪꪻŰǧĲ࣬˴Ĳ࣬ƾپҲ޷ڶʱСࡣ
С㴳ڣѾֽɱˣǱɣꪻʺ
ƾ㣿һڵʱתתʱһǿѹ𣬾Ȼꪻʵѹͥ
ꪻʻΪֹΪǿʿҪ͸Ǿܵ顣
Ȼе㱾£һꪣֻҪһꪣֻҪסһꪣ̣ꪻʵһգڱĻ֮ꪸȡʱꪻϵѹɱӣ
֮ꪣս̲סһڿˮ
ʷǿս̺ޱȵĿֲꪻֲĴʹĻ徳ܣ
񣡡̲סֹܹꪻʵҲֻһˣ
ڻĿȴ޶ã
ɸңꪻʴһ
кβңʹһһɳ
ߣеꪻһЦ͵һ̱ޱȵͦΣеĻ֮Ҳʱθ
Ȼһֳֳꪵľ˳͵ǰ
ꪻʣ
ˣ
֮壡
ʱ䣬֮еǿ߶ܵꪻǿֲƣ
ˣʹҲûаսꪻһꪣǰĳⳤ֮ŹֵķĲϵתš
ЩĴ˿̲ͣתţޱȿֲЩ֮ɢ۵˿С
ǽеĳͬʱ֮еļ֮ϵķĶڼٵתţ
ǡ۾һͻꪻеĻ֮ꪷ·һ޵׶һļȡЩɢ
ڻ֮ϵķԽԽһޱȻϢС磬ֻϢޱȵĹϣͲꪻ
һ̻֮ꪷ·Ϊ֮ףʹꪻӴڻ֮ꪵǰԵ˵С
սһҲֻд˵֮еսпӵ˿ֲ
˵֮ǰսĴɻĻôڼʶ֮ꪵ֮ѾȷȷһλֲĴڣ


557 ս
ǰδеΣе㴭ǿ˻ڵļޣҲֻǺ徳Ĵܲӵ˿ֲ
ꪻѾʹڽ⼸֮ϵս
ǿϢǰȻǺ徳ǿߣǺ徳۷ǿߣºһ
ûм徳ĴܵʵҲֻܴԵĹ⡣
Ƕ˵Ī˵Ǻ徳߾ʿһ۱ܹսʵ
ҲǺ徳۷ΪԲ鼶ǿߡ
ˣս֮ϵҲͬСɣꪻʵļӳ֮֮ꪵѾ޽ӽں徳ڣ徳ܵɱʿǻʿҲһ
ȣһȣʥ𹦡תתԡʥ𹦡ΪʯԡתΪ͵ת֮֮ǰй֮޲
ͬʱ͵屻һѪɫۼǣ޾Ѫʱ
޾Ѫ֮лһ˿ɫĹâ
޼伣޼ֳ𣿡ֱһ
޼Σսǰ·һ׵һ
ڝѪ֮еâԽԽԣ޾Ѫ⾹Ȼâɣ
âǼ˫֮е֮Ѫ֮ں֮˫֮ںһܴﵽļˡ
˫֮ʩչʽƱܽһǷֿܹ֮ꪣﻹûһס
ˣͲһεɫۼâ֮У
໣쳹
ǡꪻʻǵ˫֮¶һ˿ȣ
Ȼоһ˿вӵսһ֮Ȼָܸо
ǣʹһ
ֻһ޴ɫ
֮ꪣꪻʴŭ
޴ײ˻֮ꪡ
£ʣµĽˣһǼڵգ֮һ㶼ʣ
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»ûסͣһУϵɻ꽣С
նһ£һƬС֮жʱ׷޾ͬһ£
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飡ڶսĻ֮ꪵεȵĿֲһ֮±㽫̴
һꪻʲмĺһ
䣬һðһɼֲ
ǣ˼壬һзӵ¾ϵǳҲѡ
ΪȻһһҲСڻꪴ֮һɲǣһצ˻֮档
ˣ֮ꪵͣĴ
ססꪻʴŭϵĿֲȻꪻʶһ˿ɵ
ꪻʱϾǻϹΪֲޱȣȻӲǽ֮ꪸѹ
飡ꪻתΪһɽҪжϡ
͵ײһɲǼھҵĲ
飡֮Ȼɳ͵Ĳǽ֮С
й˵Ȼһӣ
⣡ꪻʽһεĽ֮оȻ·磡
ʦ۷ʵټϻ֮ꪵȻвһССĻʿ
˻֮֮һƺҲѾе忪ʼ߽⣬һɫƬ޴֮䣬û͵Ĳ֮С
ǿƬͻ̲סͲ·һۡ
ǵΪο˻֮ꪵһۣͳҲֻһá
˭뵽ʱʥ֮չ֮оȻ˿ֲܹĻ֮һϸ£һռϷ磡
۳ֻҰɫ̺һ֮Ҳĵ߰˰ˣ
һʯڣͲ԰׵ɫ𽥺תڿսߵʱָ˴룡
ıꪻֻϹҲһȣ
һϣ֮ĶԹһʹꪻƺָֻԭǸ͵ߡ
һꪻȫ׼Ҫͷϵ۷ܲܵһꪻδ֪֮
Һ֮ʲôޣꪻʾȻϧҲҪնɱˣ
֮ͻȻܹ˿ֲضǽʲôһꪹ̺֮֮ĴʹָܻҲһܹģ
ѣһ½⣬ڣҪĳ˽ڣǱɣȻڵǸ
֮еĵλϣǻڣ֮λȴ֮ϣһãҲ뿼ǵಿ
һôûҵ˰ɣ
ѣ֪ŭΪ˱ĵǸ⣬Ը⸶õѵ½⣡һһöɫѳС
ռ䷨ǰһڷ֮һ˿΢Ŀռ䲨
ֿռ䲨ֻпռ䷨ŻӵУĳӵпйŹַĵ֮⣬Ȼӵſռ䷨˵ȥĻһȺʿ
һöɫĽָҲֹŹֵķģȻһöռָҲʿƣ
ǡüͷһ壬էһһöѣȴоκεȻһѣ
޵ѣ̾˿˵
һŻѣǺôֱʣЦһ
ҡҡͷⲢѣǱˡ޵ѱҪķַܷѾʧˣǶ෬ҲûκεϢ
ԾͽӸˣһ
Сӣ̫֣㴳ڣ·һ㣬Ϊ㻹վ𣿡ꪻʺһ
Ͳһۣѹڣȴûκ׷ɱԭѹ
Ϊͱʮ֮еǿһС
˵˭ʩչһжһģΪǴһʼ׼Ȼᶯսı
ҪԵĲǿߣս
ȻǱһУǺ޾ǿߵ׷ɱȴһ
ҲûʧץסһǽҲûɶͳˡ
°ɣƺеŵ³
㿴ʲôˣ
ѵƺʲôӡˡ²ȷ˵
͵˵ͷҽǵĵǸ
Сӣ㡭ꪻʴŭ
Ҫ쭵ꪻȴˣ޵ˡ
ͽӹⰵɫѣҲֱӽ֮Уȥоˡ
ѣ֮Ľ׿ɻʵ
Ȼ͵˵ͷҪ޸ͨĲϿɶָء


558 컯
˵ͷֱӽָ֮ϵĿռָ
ĳŵϣ˵
̽ԵһöŹֵĿռָ֮һ˿Ĺע֮£öɫָϵĹŹַĿʼת
ЩתٶԽԽ죬͵ʶֱӴöռָ
˻Ϳⴢָ֮еĶ֮ʱ̲סһ
һǱⴢָ֮ѻĿʯŵˣǱⴢָľ޴ռŵˡ
һö۵ĴָĿռ侹Ȼʶκһ﷨ҪϼʹƺҲ
鲢ǵһĴ﷨һڲϵĳɳǳɳһͲһöɫĴָܹȵġ
һöָȻ޼֮˾޴Ŀռ䣬ҪĵĿʯһӴ֡
֮³֮⣬ûĸʿܹ﷨Ƶֵز
ַа̾һռַָĸķĿ̻ҲǡôʹͶһЩΪֵز
ռָ֮йǿʯͶһСɽʽĿʯǲ˾޴Ȼܹһ֮ھ룡
ҵĵҩɻû׼ء˵
شûʲôȵģܹһ֮Ƴ˾ĵҩĻǲҪˡ
ѣһγҪƼЩƷҩ֮⣬Ļõһö컯һƤֽһĶݸ͡
컯Ͱסĵ𾪣ɫĽһƤֽ˹
һƤֽһĶ֮д˸ҩģһϹּصġ
Ʒҩ¶𾪵ɫ
һ˿𾪵ɫǿȻģϾһ֮ƷҩѾǶˣƷϽ׵ҩһʦܴﵽļޣʹǽʦƵĵҩҲƷϽװˣƷҩ޷ơ
ϵ𾪺ĵγĶԱȣ컯ӦϹʱھѾʧĵҩˡ
Ȼ֪ͨʲôŪһŵⵤ˵ȴûʲôϡģԺ֮컯Ʒ
컯ΪƷҩʹǰƷͽ׵ҩѶҲһѣ
ƷҩʹϹʱҲԲ࣬÷ëݶΪ
ϹŴ֮һܹ֮ƳƷҩʦˡ
ʹӵһĴڣҲƳƷҩĿܡ
һͳٴ֮µĽۡ
ȻƷֻһƷѶȺƷҩֱͬն
˵컯ڰƷҩ֮һǽΪ򵥵ĵҩǹҩ֣ҩ֮ں϶һĲҩںϾһ䷱Ĺ̡
ôһѶȵĻѲͣưƷҩԼ׼ȷ˵֮
͵ļҵףʹЩҩںϣʵٴҵеĹɡ
мƷҩƵ˳ɵĹؿڣΪĲöһ
ڰƷҩɵһɲǣڵ֮ͬˮһ㱻¯գ֮ͬҲȡ
ʹԶͬʿĻ޷֧ưƷҩҪķѵ֮ɼһ㡣
⻹ӵ޾ҩԵ²ģʿôҩ˷ѣ
ҪԼ컯ҪҲֻܿЦһ
Ҳ̫ˣֽʵƷҩҡҡͷ
ƺϵͻһ㣬˵ҲʵưƷҩһ缸ǲܵ飬ȻҲôá
Եѵ裬ټĵ̣ʹⲻܵҲܱΪܣЦ
ͲĿ֪ʲôȷԼܹưƷҩ
񿪳ʲôͶͬ컯
ó컯ĵʱ;һֲõԤУȻֲ֪õԤǴӺζǻʿѾԼ֮иеԼĻټһ湦֮ϵҪͨʿǿһ
ֲõԤУʹȻޱȵӡ
ˡΪЩʯ£һ֮ڱضὫҩϣʹһ˦ʮҩƿͳ˿УװĺȻƷҩ
ѣѵٿһ£
һͻҡҡͷ
㲻Ҫ̫ˣ㶼ܾҪͻȻֵĽеĳѾ͵Ĳ֮ϡ
ǷĽֻҪ΢΢һܽ͵ͷ­£
ַģƳ˽еĳⳤ֮źͻ֮һĹģ
ѽ£һ
ȰȰ棬Ȼҿɲ𣡡͵ĿŽ
⽣ΪǿʵӹɣǺͻꪻһĴȻһЩ࣬͵Ϊδػ⽣
飡ͻ䣬һϸСӰͻȻͻд˳һȭ˽ϡ
ûһĶǿķܹ˵Ҳûж١
漴ľʹýʶԼĴϸСӰһ˲䱬˿ֲ
꣡ʱһѵֵĹһ֮б˷ĩ
ѵԭͲϵĳҲֻһϸСʱ˻Ū˼£漴һȭȥ⿴ƼӲޱȵĳ֮ϾȻһϸСȭӡ
ͺֹСӡ
СӳڵĽһһŽⳤ˹ȥ
飡Сӵ֮󣬷ɳĳֱײ˽ĸʱһĵʹ˽ȫ
ǿ߽ȻһֻӴˣֻӾȻֻļޣ
ϹޱϾԳҲ¶һ˿ȡ
һֻϾԳڻʿ֮Ҳʲôܣζû뵽ֻϾԳʵȻ˵ǿᣡ
ȻУ˲Ϣ֮㽫ش弶Ҳδ
֨СӴĴ֮ͳһöӺݺݵĽһڡ
ѹ֣񿴵СеĹ۾һͻ
СõİɫĹӽΣƷѰʿŪһŶѣȴΪιСӵʳ
Ȼʦĸԣ֪˰ܼҵĻͷһμϾԳ˿ֲҲǷЩĹϵ
Сӽеһڽȥ֮󣬱ᣬ־ͽƯڿеһƿҲʲôҩһԵĸ
εСӵԴһ£Сʵվǿֲһ֮ǰˡʽͻѹСӣСӵѾͲˣ˿ֲͶΪ֮ȡ
һ̥˴һֻ̥ӣ¸ͺСӵۣ


559 Ѫ
һƿƷҩôС̵ʹ֪ͻᲹǻ˻̲סһʹ
ƷҩÿһǼϧģȴСͬǶһһƿڻʵ̫˷ˡ
ʹꪻ˽ĴڣС˷Ҳ¶ʹɫǿԵĻСӵĶӸʿһƿƷҩͳ
˵ô飬ǸĲ̰ëСһ
Сţ£Դ͵ļϣֺõĲ˲͵Ĳӡ
񵭵һЦС˳˭뵽ǽеԪأ
ΪȻܹͺС֮䲢ûκεԼڣ⻹һοʿƾԼʹ޵ġ
źߡشĽվûУֻڵϲϵĺߺߡ
ǿ罣ҲСײеһ֮·ϵ˵еķɵְθһء
ǿıϾԳϷǵһμꪻʿСӵʱȻһ˿ɵ
СȻֻһͷļޣֶּС岻ϵĹȴ嶼Ϊ֮𾪡
Сӳꪻ죬һ֮͵Ժ
СȻƤȴҲ֪أǰ߸Ͳܿġ
ΪϹСƺʧȥ˻εȴζͱЩڵҪһҲ֪ʲôǣʲôĲǡ
ꪻǿֲʵҲҪ֣˵ʵͻҪһߵСˡ
͵ľܾȻеЩźȴûжľȣⱾһܵ飬͵ľܾҲ֮С
ѼȻܾ컯ôɷһζҩֵһƤֽ
Ѫͳһ
ѪƷ׽ڰƷƷ֮䣬˵׼ƷҩѶȸƷҩҲûаƷҩǰѡ
׼ƷҩҲǺƵģѪĳɹҲһɣ⻹ĸ֮£ƵĻɶ޷ﵽ
һһЩ黳Ѫ컯ĹЧ֮ܡ
ʿ֮һöѪһܽĸӰȫ컯ҩЧʢֻҪʿԪӤ𣬱ƾһö컯컯ֿɲƾն
˵ƺûʲôôȻ֮ǰйʿǻû˵ӡ
׼Ʒҩֻ֮ҪҩĻƳҲǲܣͳһ
棿ϲ
ԣ͵˵ͷ
ֻҪܹƳѪֵѣꪻʿ˵

ºһɫӰݼ֮ؿ
ѩ濹Ӧþ⸽һɫӰȻ͡
һսѩ濹ı㶼飬ѩ濹˱֮С
ȻһӣһɫĽâʱڱ֮նһ޴Ĺ֡
Ӱһ˱֮С
ѩ濹һıͰ̾һڵĻתЩ˵ĺʱɢ޷ͷֺ
ڰ꣬ѩ濹˥ֵܵزתĴ̲ס̾˿
һսѩ濹Ԫˣʧһʱѩ濹Ⱥס
ʹѩ濹֮лһڵıĳų棬ٲҲһڵ³ɡ
ڿ˵һΪԱȡֶˣ򲻵ѣûĸɻѡȡּ˵Ĵʩ
νıڱǶϾһɺκηʹǾݺķĴսҲ룡
֮еѩ濹ΧǿֲĺǻڴɱɢκνΧĶⲻ˱ˡ
ѩ濹ΧƯŴɱʬ壬޵Ҳģġ
Щʬ嶼ȻڽӴ⺮һ˲ͱ˱飬вԪӤʿĴڣЩʿĴǱţһЩĹѩĶѨ֮С
ܹݴôãȻˢӣͺһڵġʥ𹦡ת͵һ㵭ɫĻ棡
ɭĺС㵽굽ʲôطˣϻ̲֮סʵ
ϻ֮ھĸ֮г˯һʱ䣬ʹ֮ʱѾطˡ
ںϻ֮ĵִУʹЩ˵ʲôв
ֲܿĺ𣿡͵һЦֻһУ֮бһɫĻ棬ת֮һŻ㱻һĺˡ
һ㺮˼£ڲĻ˺һ㺮ʱڣ
⺮ƺһ֮ϻ֮üͷһ壬춼ϻ֮ȻȲϾȻ棬ܹ춼ϻĺȴҲ޼
͵˵ͷ⺮ȷǷǱѰʥ𹦡ڵĻޱȵĻͬȼıʤһ⺮ʱȴһУò߶ڵֿ⺮һ˵ˡ
Ȼѩ濹ʮ֮ǵ׵ĴڣǹƾһֻڴȴĪ˵ԪӤʿǻʿҲ޷ԴԴĺ֮ȫˡ
ѩ濹Ϊʮ֮һ䱦ĻʿȻڣǱѩ濹Ȼȫ⻤ڴ֮
Щʬ֮вûлʿĴڣҲζŻʿûнЩʿʵǿ⺮ܱ֮ȫ֪ѶˣǼĻ³ҲͺЩԪӤʿһˡ
ǰҫɢϻ֮һһֱ֮еľĸ֮ͻȻð˼ɫĻ⼸֮£Χĺʱһա
ϻ֮Цһ
Խ룬⺮ԽǿֲǰǧףΧĺҪҺ壬춼ϻЩѣÿǰһҪķѴ
ҿͶͷϵĻ֮ͻȻһεĻڿͬһ׶һı֮С
ʱ͵ΪʱŴѩ濹ıԵ
ѩ濹ȻɵĺǣЩЩҪͻЩһһϦ֮
СӣˣֻһɫӰʱ˳һȭصı֮ϡ
ʱ䣬صı֮ϱơ
СӵһȭҲЩѣ⺮ӲʵǴﵽ˷˼ĵزܹ⺮׵Ļڱ֮£׾ǱʿҲδܴϣ
ת˲䣬ЩѷԼٶţһյĹ
ڲɢĺİ֮£żֲ
ֲĺȺӲȣܹѩ濹ʿԲ࣡


560 ɱ
һ˫죬ֻɫצ͵ĺı֮ϡ
䣡ž޴ĺı⽦ıڿһɷΧͱڻ˱ˮ
ײһ֮ʱɵˮʱռ֮С
ˮɢ֮ʱصı֮ϳһʮɳĴӡ
һ̽צȻҲֻ֮ϴһӣҪ棬һɽ嶼ҪΪƽ˰ɣ
⻹治һı㣬ѩ濹Աֶλ治ô׾Ƶġüͷһ塣
ѩ濹ĴԽǿ;ԽǽţʲôΣѩ濹һеĿڴǿ󷨣赲ʿҲǴ´ˡ
ѵأ͵ͺһһʱռ䡣
䣡һ޴ѸɢɵĺȻͬһ˿
꣡⺮ѵһ˲䣬һ
ֻ⺮֮һޱĺ
ܾͱ⺮˱
վԵСȻҲ޷⣬⺮סˣ
СӱϾϹ֣ʹޱȿֲĺסҲûɥ϶ʱһϹǣСӵҲһ˲伱ٵ͡
𾪵⺮ȻҲСӵͣСӵٱʼն޷һ㺮
˫ֶ𣿡ס͵ĺһ
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ѩ濹ıɱȻеŵ̾һ
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նȻһѻ泤ֻ泤ϵĻڿ۳һӣһѻ泤һףһ£һ泤ΪģһХų˱ˣ
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Ȼһ˲䣬նѾˣʧȥзıֵܵס͵ȫһ޾۶ɵ֮¶ʱ
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뵽Ҳٵ飬׻ȫʩչڻ񽵵Ч֮ǰ뿪⺮֮󣬷ҲҪ޾ĺ֮жɱ顣
Ȼɹˣ⾵֮пݵıһ㶡
ͲԪӤԲˣʱȴſȻʿǿʵȻͽ׻ǳ飬ǽȥô;ͻɹڱ˵һ޴ĳ
Ŀ˵ζӳ£ľǿʿ׵ĵˣһİĵӣѩ濹Ĺ
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ʮ꣬һжˣ̾˿
ѩ濹Ҳٹ⣬ȫʿȻǧ࣬ԪӤϵʿǲʮʵλܳƵʮ
Ϳѩ濹״Ϊ֮𾪣ʲôֻŻѩ濹˥ˣսҲڽѩ濹̶ֳȰɡ
űʿڳţѩ濹Ī˵ǱʮĳƺţɶҪݳˣ
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561 ħѪ
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ѩ֮оȻһѪ֣Ѫͱܵľһųĸо
˵ѪһִѪҺĻôѪޱȵۻࡣ
ָоͻϵϢЩƣǱȻƸӵۻࡣ
üͷһ壬һ춼ϻ˳ȥ
춼ϻЩѪ⽻֯һ;ȵ춼ϻܾ֮Ȼ޷ڶʱЩѪ⡣
ð׷ˣЩѪⲻɢģӰͻȻ͵ǰ
ʱıݿ£Ҳ緢̬֮һӵĸˡ
ʮĵݾͲ˴ı仯ڷפյı˵ǲܵ顣
𣡡Ȼ䣬ͽŵ׵ıըѣֻѪɫͻȻץס͵˫š
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жɫһ䣬һһ壬ʱѡ
˻¾ȻǴѪɫЩѪɫ춼ϻ֮Ҷֲܱ
һжˣҡ
ЩʲôһһͷѪɫնˣϬ콣ʱͽһͷѪɫնƬ
ظ֮壬ħѪޣĿһȺηѪɫг˿־塣
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ʲôħѪޣǱ֮ѪմȾʬˣˮһһնһŵ˲£һеħǰЩѪɫû˿ĵֿ
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һҲ˶Ϊ֮ɵһǿ壬̶ֲھ֮һ֮£
Ҳ֮У޶һʿ˵Ǵڴ˵֮еĶˡ
Щʬ嶼֮ܵѪĸʴ̾˿
ѩ濹ΪλֶһһֻɫצЩѪɫͳͳ˷ĩ
ĲҰ׵֮ûһ˿ѪɫֻĿµָһ㣬޾ĺʱһѷ޾Ѫɫں赲֮ʱ
˵һĻʵ̫𾪣ʮ֮һѩ濹¾Ȼ˿ֲĶ
Щѩ濹ĻǶԾݣ¶ķһֻ
ЩѪɫﲻʹն鶼
նһֱ۴ʱ͵Ľű߲ϵ䶯ţմȾһ˿Ѫ֮һֱ۾ȻʼȡЩѪҺ
֮ɫ˶ĵĶ뵽˻ǰĲ
ҳʧһʱһֱ۱춼ϻķ֮»˻ҽ
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һ˿֮֮ĵɫźתһЩҲֻάһʱ䣬ڵ״ҲΪ
֮ܰȫʢʱڿҲһ룡ĳ͵˵ͷ
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һеԴͷϽ˼ѪɫĺȪײһ͸Ĺ¶ˮ档
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һ壡ˮüͷ
Ҳоǿźڲĵһ𾪵Ŀű֮еӣ
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562 ͻ
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һ壬Ȼ鴫ˮ߰̾һΪʮ׻ʽҶ˼ѣѪʵǷ˼
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ܹӡסȫŸ֮ϵٵ׵Ľơ
Щʱ֮ͲԭȵֱеѪⸯʴЩƿ˵ѾʵˣʹĻű߶ɱ޲Ҳ޲
ЩûʿҪޱȼɵĺδ׾ͱѪɣ
ǿд߶ɱıҲ˱ıԵڵһգ
ǵˣɱ֮еĺҲĵ壬ѩϼ˪
ı;ƿݣڼɱĺʹԹľҲ޷ڴʱ赲塣
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ڵֲֵѪ֮ʱȻ
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һȻ޷ŤתΪܹġ
컯飬Ҳֻнľ֮п۳ÿһŶľ
ű֮ϵѷԽԽѪ⼸ڱأԶȥѩ濹·ʹѪɫһ㡣
ѵһ廹ţͲŵĿű֮пӡ
ʹ弶Ҳֻܻ꣬⿡Ѿӡ꣬һ缫Ϊصһ壬ԪҪ࣬껹ûȥʵ̫ˣʹĵҲһЩë
ظһ壬ƿһȻͨɫҲ̾һ
Ǽ״̬һڷӡ֮ʱѾ˼״̬ˮɫص˵
νļ״̬Ҳ֪һЩʿ֮״̬ڼ״̬֮Ҳ񻯣ܸӮһЩƵʱ䡣
ʹּ֪״̬ͻ޷ǰ񻰵ӾȻά˰顣
ԤУ֮еĿӳĻһѡ
⿡Ӹ͵ĸоȻƻҪΣգ
ĸһʱһɫ˱֮ϣʱһ˿˿˱֮УȻЩ̴⿡ӵ֮С
ʱЩѪ˳Щ˾ĸ֮С
üͷ΢壬ȻĸѪҲһ˿ų⣬ȴܽܡ
ĸƣǰסĵ֮ԳһļޣʹѪҲ޷ۻൽĸ
ĵᱻգ˵ǰҴڼ״̬һˡ
ȣ͵ͺһЩ͵Ľ⿡ӴһԴ漴⿡ðĺɫ̣һʱ⿡ӾȻһֻ⬡
ҷӡʹһɲǼЩһγһڵһĶһЩȫӡɣʱ⿡бҲ޷ĸķӡ
ŷӡɣɢѪҲԽԽϡ
΢̣ΪʤȯյʱһƵĳͻȻĲ֮ϣ
ŵĿŮӣֻĵ˫ѾɺɫһЦ
ʲôʱûлģͲŵĿűġ
⿡ӵʱûһ˿Ĵ⣬סеѪ⣬Էûлᡣ
屻ʴʱһʧˣĿ˵ȴȫˣһӵ
ɫЩѿ˵ûһȷһ˿ʧ񣬵Ҳֻ˲Ϣ֮顣
ͱϾҲֻһʿһĶõĻȻһЩ©ȴû뵽ԷȻյ˱ĵڡ
;ȵΪںʱȻûзĵ쳣Էʵǳ͵ǶԷܹϢ֮סʿ
Ҫ֪ʹѾǵǸģǻʿ֮ᶨͨʿɱȣǼʹĻǱˡ
ߣΪƾһ˵ңЦһĪ˵ڵıģȫʢʱڵıҲĶ֣ǶԷΪ䲻ɻĻǾʹشˣ
ȻðһɫĻ棬δʲôӦͲϵıѾɫĻڻ
Ȼӣҿûָ߲Ƶܹ㣡һЦĵжʱֳһѱ
ͣѪɽĵҼ֮ϾȻһѱ
ʲô˼üͷ
ٺ٣ںŮ˰ɣ˵һһ˱ĵ֮ϡ
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ЦһΪһںһŮ˵
ӴӴӺٺһЦ
ͣһѱһֱӴ˱ĵĸ
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ʲôޱĿšġ
Ŷȥ𣿡ġЦ
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ʹڷ֮鶼ûĶʦѡ˺Զ߸߷ɶڱ˵һ޴Ĵ
˷ǲľ飿
ȻģǾȵͣʼն޷ʦڷ֮ʱϣܹԭ±ģϣܹһѡ
ͿԲںģǾԲܲں顣
ǽñԼǰպҲûˡ
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563 Σ
ͱ±ĲΪ˱ģΪ˼ŵԣ
һ徹Ȼ䵽в½ʿĵزһոյһѪ⼸⼸ڼĻһоܰ´ԭΣ˯֮У
ŶһСһġ¶һ˿ȡ
ʵȲ۷ʱڣȴҲͬСɣȾ󲿷ֵĻʿҪǿһߣǰȻûн·ϡ
ףġĿȫ͡ȴûһ˿ԥָһ㣬ʮ׻ʽʱն£дնһ֮ϡ
꣡ԭмѷı׺Ȼѣ
ˣ´󾪣û뵽;ȻôɴĴӦ˿ˮ
žžžġ֣һ̾Ŀ͡
¹ܺãܺãŮ˾ͻ㣡˵ĵ̱
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δأ͵Ļһ䣬˿ԽԽŨѪ⣬ǽ˼ŵҩΪЩҩȫ˱ĵ֮С
ı;ƿݣֱһ֣ԭʣԪøӵˣܼһѾ漣ˡ
Ľ°֮ͲŻű֮еһ壬û˱׵⿡Ҳˡ
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綼ӵսƺŵһ壡ͽǵѪĨȥ
¶һ˿ɫ½ϡ
ϣƺҲһͷϷųġЦһ
𣿡ǰָһ㣬һֲѪ͵Ĵ͡
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ͽԼѪɢûһ˿Ĳ·Ӧһ㡣
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͸ôɴĽ⿡ӷųҲԵʣ
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䣡ֻȭͷϵĽ֯һ
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Ҫ֪ڵǱѰһȭȥԽһСɽǴ⿡ȴһ㶼ûЧ
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½֮лмܹùȥġһЦ
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ҲѹӸҵ͵߶ƶͲҴС
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ǸӵӵݴȻ㵽زӼһ֮
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ʧȥ˱֮ˣɱֵܹס޾ѪɫĹ
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ǵǷֱЩѪɫ˵ʿҲʱ򣬾󲿷ֵʿʧȥ˺ЩѪɫֿ
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һȣѩ濹Եˣһѩ濹Ȼɶλãȱıˡ
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Ի̿࣬ϱҲѾڵΪڰ֮ǰᵤҲʲôܵ顣
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564 Ѫɫ
ʦЩѪ̫ˣͲֵһᣡԻеѪɫ˲м˵
ⶼɵƵķԵʣһӵĿԻ
ȻԻе׹תһ֪ʲô
һĲϺȻǷĲֻƷ˵ǴСá
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ԻΪڣʹǷҲ޷ʹã
Իܹ׵ĽһͷʵѪִһ˵ռ˴Ĺ͡
ЩѪյ֮ѪʴһǿͨʿЩѪҲҪԴ
ЩѪֻӵۻʿȻǿǰֲ鱦ۻ࣬ҲͬСɡ
ʿķ˻𽥱ЩѪϵѪۻ࣬ᵤʿķ⣬ΪԽߵѪۻ౦ҲԽǿ
ЩѪҲûпǣ׵һķЩѪȻĿãԲЩѪֵۻࡣ
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һ·ϳԻ޷ԵĶ֣˽ЩѪֻɱ
Сѩڲĸ͵Աߣ;֮Сѩһֱӣ˽̸
ԻеѪɫЩѪڲһĶЩѪɫ֮е̺ȴۻ಻Ѫʿ˵޷˵Ƿˡ
ӵѪ֮ҲֱӼȡ⾧֮еѪôĻһͻΪѪը
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ҾͿжǿ죡͵ұһһֻ޴צ


565 ĸ
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ײ֮;Ȼ·磬ǵ߹ǣһиС
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566 ȭ
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һնµβͶæң˵Ȿˡ
Ȼ֪ĸͨʲôʽԼǿ޵ľ磬֪Բ̫ãֻҪһĸƱػΪĽ꣬һ뵽ԼϾͿӵһ޵Ѫˣ;̲ס˷

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δ䣬ʮ׻ʽ۶ɵľ޽羪磬ǰݺն䡣
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౾ͲԶǾ޽նֿ죬˵˿ǹķӦȴҪʡ
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ЩѪȻżֲĻָ޽֮ȴһаװţǱʵˣĸҲضԲ˶ߡ
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ǿһȻûжĸκεˡ
ӷ𣬷ɽӣֻһֻ޴ͬһɽһѹ
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ȻڲŰĽطףҲֻܿЦһʱ˿Ȼ֪βɢЩ档
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Ǽʹһ˿Ͷ˿Ĵ⣬ϾǰĴڣȻδȫɳȴҲ𳼷
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Ǳã֮ѾٵˣϹһž֮ΪһӺݷȥ
Ӻݿ˵Ǿ֮Ϊƶһݣһ֮ΨһǴɵҲֻöˡ
ڵĶ˵һأɽˮĶ涾ߣЩ涾Ȼ㲻ޣ䶾ԾҲմȾ
һЩ׳Ϊ޵Ķ˲ãŻЩ棬ԼΪ泲ѪΪʳЩԼڲϵĳɳ
ֽʽŵʿΪʿе࣬ķʽ̫ˣÿŵʿªޱȣⶾԽʿݾͱԽª
⼸ѾΪжʿΪߵ͵һ׼ˣԽǳªΪԽߡ
һͨڶ·˵ŵļſˡ
Ҫǰ޲ͨڻڰ
ӺɽˮǾݴսʱﶼĻ嶼һطۡ
Ļ֪ĺ϶٣ΨһܹõóֵҲֻЩˣ³֮»û˭ֶȤ
ţЦһû˵֮ʲôڵǿߣŵ춾߲ԪӤڵΪǰһѹĴڰˡ
Щ˲֪赲͵Ļ͵ǲɡ
Ȼ߹Щʿ̡
۾Ӻݲ꣬ΪӺݵʹЩʿһ۸ڶΪſԺݵʥ
վסⶾУκ˲ô룡һͷϳһʿס͡
Ȼһһ󣡡Ͱ̾һʿڵΪѾǡΪˡˣʵ벻ԪӤڵʿ󵽺ֵز
΢ЦſϳһʿֻĽŵƣǰݻᣡ
ţһﻹТ˼ңʿӹеƿװ˻֮ĵ˵ͷ
ſµһɣֻҪţµ˿㶼ҪߣⶾʿԲѵ˵
ҲֻܰЦµһɺʱֵõţʥһ֪θ롣
ʮԪӤʿüͷһ֮оȻʮɲ׵ѹֻԪӤʿӵеѹ


568 Ȫ
һ߻˵ӵʮԪӤǿߵȷǿԸˡ
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ҲǣӺݵ༸ͬ
˵ǰǿĻôӺݱһҶӺ޿ɱĻȨű졣
ӺȻƶ񤵫Ǽһ֮һȻ
ϳһŶʿȻ͵ͶŵɢޣҲֻǿЦһ
ŵĹҲʮֵĻңͨյӱȻῴʣһȴȫûбҪֻҪŵƼɽ롣
һɢĹҲڲСɽͷԼĿɽ
ں֮ڣ²мĺһ
Ҳͬĵ˵ͷǷݿͱɸˡ
ʶһɨⶾʿڲһĿȻ
ⶾʿڲżĶ棬ЩⶾʿĽ֮вϵζ
ͶǵãǸʿо綾Щ֮лۿĶ档
ŵȻôģ书ȴǹϵģ˭ҲЩ˲˹ĳ˹֡
Ͳĸⶾʿʶϵŵһһ͵֮С
֮һʮԪӤʿΪߵĲԪӤڣΪȻþ¡
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ǵ;У͵ʩչѻ֮ⶾʿļıա
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ڡٶ澭͵Ҳһݣǵɱʿ⡶ٶ澭ϼصķʽ̫ª⡶ٶ澭ն˲˹ӣͶֹûȤ
⡶ܴͬ˸ķ˵һЩá
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ܴŻһЩö΢΢һЦΪŶһɡ
һʼ;ûдŹţΪ˱ͨܣõѡ
һʼǲ֪ŵĵϸȷ֮ûʲôܹвĴ֮Ȼ
͵һָʮ׻ʽХʮ׻ʽ붼Χ
ɲǼ䣬֮ɣڶϿյĶ׵ĺ֮¶ʱɢ
ɫ׵Ľһ췭ظ
ĸ쵰ҰɲǼ֮ʮֲϢһʱ
͵أһЦʮ׻ʽϸԴһ֮࣬ɫĻ֮׺Ȼ¡
ۣĶʱըѣʮԪӤʿʱ֮׻С
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Ҳ֪ƾǼǾԲʶʲôֵģҲֻǰ벿ֵˡ
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ᦣֳһɫСᦣɲǼĽ˷
ţǰ붼飬ȴޱĽһ¾һա
ǾϵĲ࣬ΪԽߣԽĮȻûбħͷҲԲκƻԼļƻڷһ֮ϡ
Ͱ֮ǰļ䣬һż֮ء
ʱ֮Ѿûһ˿ŵʿĶ涾߾ᦳ
ˣͿһˮ̶
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Ů΢΢һ㶣ǰƤ֮жʱɳųѡ
𾪵һĻˣЩѾȻ˲һöֻСĴָСĳѱһͷɴСľ޳档
ǧ֮һʱ֮УһöѾȻֵܹزʵ˾
𾪵ǣһòŮӵھȻ˶档
ֻ׳ŮӵΧߣľ׻ʽǿȴҲ޷ס
һɱͷ׳֮Ͳòʮ׻ʽ
̴ֻ׳Ůһ˿ˣЩܣĳ̶ֳ˵ЩĺӣһֻʹǶ˵Ҳһ޴ʧ
ڵ׳ܹܻʿȫһһɱֻ׳棬ѹֻôСŮӵָ׳ʬһ㣬ʱʬͱֽ⣬Ϊһѳ
˵ˣʲôϵͳʵ
Ů˳ڶ룬һⶾȪ֮нݣ˵ûйϵĻ˭š
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ŮӵĿУſڶȪĶʹʿŷɥľҲſڶȪһ
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ſڶȪ֮ڴ˵ſڶȪֻһ֮
ǻʿУҲֻһʬ޴³
ȴۼŮӴⶾȪ֮Ů˵˼ֻɡ
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֮Թ֮еĳԱ޲ɱ֮죬Ϳɲǰ꾻Ź
ƺĺǰ㲻֣˫ֽקסһ㱡ɴɴĳ֮Ե˵ˡ
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Զһ㣬һմȾϵĶΪٸҲûá¼ɵĿ
ֶܹ֮¼Ķأڳ˵ǶҩǶֶ֮˵ȴϵȵĲҩԽҵľ綾ǵЧҲԽԡ
ֶ֮ͨɾ綾ԼΪһȻˣǻ¼ɵ
ǵ綾ɵһĵزֶ֮֮ʧأڵľ綾˲䱬һ˲ĶҪʤ¾綾ǧٱ
ֶֹ֮壬һֶ֮ʧأһ˲䱬ѳĶʮǧǵʿһƽ֮ɥиڶɽڵǿߡ
һڵľǿһƬ֮ڵǿҲ˰Ҳ޷סֲĶأȫΪһ̲ŧѪ
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һ֮оȻֳֶ֮壬һɳ˵һˣ
µ˵ɫҲԽԽأͬһʱᱬըըһըһ鶼ҪΪᡣ
ֶ֮Ҳֻ֪һ֮л֪ĻǱض᲻ϧһд۽նɱҲԲˡ
ͿǰŮӲһ¶ľߣÿÿҹҪ澫ǵʴ
ֶ֮Խھ綾ĿԽǿң˺ͻ񫣬ɾ綾ԽԽࡣ
ڵѾܹⶾȪ֮Уֶ֮ȻѾڴɡ
Խǽӽɵֶ֮ԽΣգڵĶʱпܱѿ
Ǹ̸Цһжеʱ꾲һڿľߡ
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ⶾȪ֮ţεҡҡͷ
ܹ֮еı˵ⶾȪʱȴʹֶ֮࣬Ҳֻɾ綾ʱŲܵھ綾ʴ
֪ɸľ綾Լӵʹ࣬ȴ޷ֹͣҲֶ֮ı֪֮Լµĵ·ͨ𣬵ȴòֱĳǰߡ
ûѡڱ澫Ǹһɲǣȴ꾵ıǻ
˵֮䣬ϰƤͬɱƤһ㣬䣬¶ҰɫͬһĶ
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꾵һڶȪ֮УֻǶȪ֮вϷݣһ˿˿˳꾵ıӽ֮С
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δأͺһ
ֶ֮ȻֲҲûа취͵֪֮оһʱסֶ֮ı
㣿ܶ޲ߵֶ֮а취һĲţ
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ֵҩ֮Ա֮Ϊ浤ΪⵤҩƷ޽ףൽ浤һ֮С
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嶾޻Ѿǵϵĵҩˣӵǵĵҩĳ̶ֳ˵嶾޾һ
ⵤҩӵгɳԣӵ޽Ŀܡ
嶾ޱൽ浤һ֮вΪжôƣ෴嶾޵ƼΪļ򵥣ֶֻȫʹǸոսӴʦೢԼҲƳ
ѵҪ嶾޽嶾ԶΪʳ綾Ķ
жʿԸôĶ򽻵أ
嶾ӵ߻¾綾жܹ嶾ιأ
Ͳ˵һ֮У֪嶾޵Ʒֻһ
ܹ嶾ޣ嶾֮澫ҲѹƵĿԣֻҪѹס澫ǵʴֶ֮ıļʾͻСڱг뻯Ŀضͬʱȥ˱Σգ⼸ֶ֮嶼跨Ѱҵġ
ڶȪ֮ɫϱ仯Ҳԥô˵Ҳ֮ˣǵзѣҪ;Ȼǲܵ顣
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ǰһ˵ûܽ£ԼһĻ˵һ޴Ĵ
ֶ֮ʵͨʿֿ֮ܵҲûж˻ԸһǶս
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Ⲣ嶾ޣֶﶾԽǿƳ嶾ҲԽǿѡĽǶΪǿĶ
ſڶȪȷⶾȪΧ黨ĶԶ磬˵Ƕá
ѡ궾ĶԽԪӤʿĶ嶾ٺʲˡ
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ָ꣡
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ʹҲ
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ȴеͬһСܹѹסڵʹ࣬ͬˮ˿һƯľһ㡣
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ʱ;ͬһ̵ܽѧһ㣬µ֮һһ޲ͨ
һͨһ䶼û޲á
һжµ֮Уʥ֮еǿ󷨴ʦɺͽҲķʮʱŽһͨ޲ȫɼ޲Ѷȡ
ͿԱ߶ѻɽķҲֻεĿЦһ
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֮嶾ɶص֮ǰǿһ֮ڵĶؾȻһֱûбǰǲ顣
꾲϶Ū嶾ޣƵָ嶾޷ཱུ֮ϵȥ
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꾵ֶ֮嶾˵͵嶾޳֮ʱԼһξѪʹ嶾޷ԼĻ嶾Ͳˡ
ʱϰһ󷨣ģ°һۡ
µġвֻǿЦһգ͵õģͬʱҲΪżա
һһܹһѾ˲ˣ¾ȻҪͬʱš
ڵ֮ϵΪ˵ǵңʹ磬ܹʤ͵ʦҲûм
֮ȴһȫȫ֡
Ҳ̰õĵ仰ȴôʹ͡
ͱ;мǿ츳ټ֮޾ҩĸڵһ;Ͽ˵˳˳ˮټһҲ޶Ӱ죬ʱ㹻ĻѧϰһʱͱǼ󣬵һĴʦ
κһżն㣬ŵĻͿķˮ𣬾ǴڵǿҲҪͼӡ
һǻΪ棬ʹǼͨʯͷܹ֮Ӳ׵
ݵıʯͷΪԻ
ֻ轫ʯͷһ˳УҪʯһ󷨣ͬʱҲΪֱɵ󷨣ֻסһʿΪԸߵһ۱ܿе
ˣ֮ʱϵĽָͻȻ죡
ˣɫһ䣬վĿܡ
ôˣͷ꾷Ϊ̲סʵ
£ˣ¶֮ɫ
ô֪һ㶣ʶȻûз˿
꾾Լ֣һöָȻڲϵĲš
˳ƺųԱ֮Ľָһ˿ϵӵнָ֮ڿ֮ʱ˫Ľָ״ָ˱ܸݽָ״µжϳԷݺλá
˵͵֮Ҳöֱָģյġ
Գһ磬ЩָҲ޷ӦȻﻹң˵Ͳ֪ɱ˼ˡ
£ͳһɺǸŮӡ
ʲôüͷһ塣
ֻ֪Ǿҡҡͷ˳Ա֮以棬ʹǴҲֻ֮ʱͷˣ꾸֮е࣬Ӽ֮ʱǹһˣû˵һ䡣
ϣˣԼϢɲʱ˵ˡ
ˣŽָĶԽԽ΢꾲һ
Լ֪ΪʲôҪˣʵ˿֮£ǸոһĶˡ
꾲һۣһеĸıԴˡ
ѽѽ嶾ѽѽ꾵ϲȥġ
䣡ʱ䣬꾵ָϴһʹĸоһöָȻڷĶš
ܣ⡭꾾ĿһöָܹһöִָǿӦģ꾵ӳ֮Ҳֻĸˣ˱ضϣʣµıƶˡ
һǰ˵һϢ
䣡һ˲䣬ϿһǿĽâ˺ѵᦵķٿն͡
һöѶʱĿֻ׳һӭһâ
䣡ͷ׳ɵĶڽӴһ˲ͱն飬׳嶼⽣âնأ
۾һУڵ˫ִ΢׹
˫һӭͷȥ
һһϣͬݺݵײһâ֮ϡ
ž绡ĳ֮£⿴ޱȿֲĽâȻôӲĴˣ
Ŷ²гˣϻĿ͡
һһֱ쵽°ͣȻһֻϹˣ
ܹ˵һ֮пҲûмͲ뵽ʲôˣܹˣһٺһĻԴͲˡ
ǽɣͽһȶһܣ꾳ѵ
ɣȻԽʮ֮׵пһ
ԻһɴŮӣ֮е¡
ͣʥһսˣܲһ
öָǾԲŹģ
Զδػǣ˫һУС
ǵľ׻ʽѾһ綥֮ⷨУոպһӲӲ׻ʽռϷ磡
ǽ֮еĸ֣ǽͽĹҲڸǣǲĻҲһ֮н֮ϵǿߡ
㲻Ķ֣ҡҡͷĿֲҲֻеĳƺųԱ֪
ܹڻӶ屻ưҲֻһˣ
˵˵ÿ죬ҵǾ͸ģЦһ
ڽ֮ˣһûʲôȤһУһ̹ŹֵĳС
ֻһһɺʱɢڶϿյĶ
Ž֮һ꾴󾪡
ϣǳͬһֺһ㣬նӡȾ˺ɫ
ΪԼһƣһϵĻ롣
ʩչν


572 ˮһս
һŭȣϺϼͬľ̩ɽѹ֮ѹ¡
ϼʵ̩ɽǻʿϼѹסҲѲ
Ȼûеʩչʲôͨϼͽͳѹ
һϼͬһ㼱תο͵һ
ۣһųɫĻͻȻѿ
ţɫʱޱȵѿ͵Ȼסĸ֪
ϼĲ͵һˣͺͲ֪٣
Ϊʿǿʶ˲佫֡
ˣüͷһ壬;Ȼܹô̵ʱ֮ѵʶ޷ǵĵطǺεȵٶȣ
ʲôʱ򣿵ʲôʱ򣿡²Ŀͺͷʱʲôʱ
񶼲ԼΪλᱩ¶
Ϊһӵе鱨漫㣬ʱʩչܹ֮ĿĿ˵֮١
·ȻɺϣǾֹ˹һԤıġ
ƺ֪Լһ㣬꾵ĸ֪ĽâΪͻϮֻҪ΢һͺ꾶һ֮¡
͵һɵı꾣Ϣº˹
²ȻҪ֪նһʱδӦ׳ӻһʱֵ
ǺһĻôһնµʱûбҪ֣ҪĻͲҪô鷳
ܹڶʴҲֻ嶾ޣһȥ嶾ҲԻȥ꾲ôԼ·ϱơ
Ȼ꾳ôα¶ģ
Ȼˣüͷһ塣
Ȼµĳܹ׷ٵٵĶ
ͿԼһۣǶԷܹ׷ٵԼڣȻԼ϶ʲôֽš
˼ȥҲ֪Լʱֽţһܹ֮͵ĸ֪Ϣ϶ֽŵʿҲûҪ飡
ʲôȷ˷λı𣿡ʵ
ҡҡͷûУǽ֣óϵͨǶ֮ûʲôֵܹزġ
׷һöӵĺҲӲģЦһһöѪɫĿĴɢ˵Ĺâ
׷꣡
һضҲѪˣ׷ֶóˣ˵
һ黹ҪŮӣ䲻ͬŮӷ·ĶģʹվµԶ޷ܵһ˿˵Ϣ·˱һ겻ĺ
ҲζضѾȲȥˣöָع鵽УȻںʥ̸֮ʱǾû㹻ĳ룡׷׷ָķȥ
;нα򣬵ǶȷԷ׷ԼֶΡ
һ٣ͻȻͣ
Ȼ׷ԼֶΣôܶԶ޲
뿪ԭһǲ֮жһĸӲӲҲΪҪԭҪܿͨ
ڶ붷ĻôƱػƻͨʱǧ֮һ޲ᶼûˡ
Ȼ޷ѵĻǾ͸ɴӭУ
ŶͣˡЦһ
Ҳֻͽ˰ɡµ˵
±ΣͻȻʵ
һ᣺ǲĻʤһ
ס£Ը˵
㣿һĿ͡
꾿ͣȲǷۻڶ޵еĽǻںͻھһ޴ĺ蹵û˵ǸʿӲʿ
Ȼ꾶ʥ֮лܰ׵ҲţϾһȻɱ֮ģĿ֮ͬʱҪǵʥ̬ȣڳ֮ʱ˼ɣ̶ܴ˰׵ʵ
ڲͬбɱ֮ģʵҲҪ߳һߣֶǿҲ޷࿹⡣
ʵ޷󣬽ֻлڵǴôţȻͼҪͻڵһϸ¡
ס£ԽԶԽãɫص˵Ҳһκͻڵʿ֮ս
ֻϴһ춼ϻȵĻʱ·ڻҽ
꾲ĿͣʹЩʲô塣
춼ϻĲӣͽ³һɿҽҽ治Ϸɫʱʱðҽݣǿžܸܵǿֲ¶ȣ
Сһǣóˣֻֻɻһ̵ҽ֮С
ԪӤʿʬ޴ϻҽЩɻвһϴˮˡ
𣡡ͻȻҽҽײ¶һ޴ͷ­
꣬;н֮һﵹҲʶͣҲҪ
걾춼ϻ֮гϻҽ֮춼ϻʵҲһߡ
ϻҽķΧڲϵţת˲䷽Բﶼҽأ
ʱ֪ΪҪԼˣóϵͨһµˣյıϵͨǡÿҽʹܽҽ⣬Ҳһͷڹʵ󽵡
꾵۹οһͷʿĴڣҽ֮иռ˵
ʹˣɲΪܹ⡣
СӣǸҲܻӶ˰ɣСӵԴ
֨С˷ܵص˵ͷ
СӱѪһѾܹᶯһټͲϧѪ̽Ѫڶʱ֮ڽΪƷҩϼֵҩȥСӵһʱ䷭
ѾǿܹӶˣܵѪĴ̼СѾֻ̤弶޵żʱпܽס
СҲ͵һսȻǡ
ºɱﵣΪһ֧ڳ䲻ʹþ벻á
˵һ˼ȻǣһЦ
ƾճֵҽҲֻüͷˣ
ۣûκεһָһīɫĶհѹ¡
꾵ĶͬСɣһ䣬һı㽫һס
ǸΪĳףһ£ȻⶾһΪɢĶ޷塣
꾵Ķ֮г˸ֶ棬һմȾЩ˳ë׽ʿ֮Уƻڽṹ
ѳ棡˫һһѳ˦˳ȥЩѶʱͱһֻֻӬСĳӡ
飡һֻײ֮ϣʱըǿȻµı֮ըһѷ졣
ʣĶǳӵ룡
Сһָһ㣬͸Ķʱһɺࡣ
飡һαըЩըѳ治ϵײű㣡


573 
꾳ھǿֲĶ֮⣬廹һ޴ĳ泲
ЩԾѪι֮ʱ״һ뿪꾵˲ܳɳʱͶս
Щܹѵбѳ棬ܹһ˲ըѣÿһֻڵıѳԱ൱һԪӤʿԱ
һֻֻڻʿ˵ûʲôãǵֻǧֻ֮ʱǻʿҲҪݱâ
ֻѳǰ̲ηײı֮ϣԭȼ᲻ɴݵıҵıը֮ҡҡ׹
еĺâһֻ˫ֿһȻǽ֮ϳٸ͹𣬻δһѳ濿Щ͹ı֮ͻȻ˰ǹ
һѳ澹Ȼȫǹסδüըͱǹ֮ϿֲĺᣬһС顣
žણѳıڵ϶ʱͻΪ˷ĩʬ޴档
һпͶյıϵͨ˸Ϊʶ
ԭΪں˱ڵĺѾһ֮ΪˣµĺȻ黹Ҫǿһ
һ˲֮ڿٱǹиٷеıѳ棬ڱѳ漴ըһ˲佫䶳ᣬ²ǺȻڶԺҲﵽ˼ߵľ硣
ǹͷ꾡
һ˦ֻ׳浲ǰǹڴ׳ı֮ʱȻѡ
Աѳ湥׳Ϊ޿ײĶչֳʵѾһ㻯ʿܹ⡣
꾺ãҲ͵ָʾԽԽԶ
͵һһɴ֮精ǰĿռͻȻŤһΣ˱ʧǰ
ռֻ֮лʿյĿռ֮֮ͨռ䣬뵽һռ֮С
ֿٿռҲֻڴﵽ֮пա
ЩСʿٳĿռ䣬ʱռЩС֮е֮Ѿﵽʮֲֿĳ̶ȣܹάһСʮꡣ
֮Ϣͨڵ;ͬһںڰ֮еɱ֣޴Ӹ֪
ЦһòϢĸʹ߹Σȴ޷ڡ
͵ΪƾһϢͨΪΪĻôʹشˣ
׷׳һѪɫƣֻһ׷ڿеתţһѪֻѪͻĻһϣ
еĳһϼͻȻ
ֻѪ֮ĿռȻŤ
͵ξȻһ֣еһѪɫ׷Ǽɵ֮ɫ
ٿռȻûʿڶ֮ʱӵмƣǿռڱֿĻֻһռƽƣ񱩵Ŀռ֮˲Ὣ˺Ƭ
һڿռֻһ˳ʹҲǾ֡
͵ȴ¶һ˿Ц⣬գǽһ˳
֮еһ׷Ҳһ޴ǲһȥĻӴ;û֮ˡ
еĳ̳ʱϼ죬ϼëʵ̩ɽ͵ұϼ
ƣ𶦷ƣȻ䣬һյϺ嫵ķϼײһ
һյںϼѹ֮ҡҡ׹ת˲һƾͱϼû
֮ǿϼǰȻһϢֲ
ӷ𣡡һվ͵
һһٵ˵
նĺϼȻǴ˵֮еĳ
Ϲʱڰǿ棬ϹŽϽǿߵԽ׷󽣵߾硣
ϹŽ֮Ϊı콣ܹ콣ʿϹŽ֮ҲǷëǡ
Ȼ֪ȴ֮٣ֵ䣬Ҳ޷֪
Ҳһ˿𾪣û뵽һ֮оȻȥֽ
Цһ޾ĺϼѹ
һ˲䣬Ͷˣֻһ˫֮׹תת˲˺ϼķΧ
Ӳģֻһеس
𣡡Ȼҽ֮мͬһ㣬ڿвϵŤͬһһ
ϻҽ֮һɫĻ治ţɫľȻһӰֻзͣϻҽҽҪɡ
޾ĺϼ·ΪһɴޱȳصĳҲ¶һ˿أϷϻҽ֮вϷɻͻȻһһҾ˰εض
Ҿ˶ĺϼȭдɫȭͷϼ֮ʹúϼΪ֮һ٣
ֶξҲֻһЦˣȻѲǺͽȣ֮Ĳֱࡣ
Լ۴˺ۣһսһֻܱ˽ɵİԽ֮£
䣡ھͺս֮⣬ϲһööѣµΧǲ˺һ壬Ҳûռʲôˣռһʱ֮˽֡
䣡һն£ɻ۵Ҿ˶ʱصĺϼѹ壬ʯϻҽ֮С
ۣһֱϻҽ֮еͻȻðͷ­һȵĻ˳
žһ£һδͱ佣âն顣
ͿƯ׷üͷһһâն˹ȥ
ֻƳâһۣ漴ûٹܡ
⿴ƴ׷Ȼ͵â
׷ضϽı˵ϹʱĶ
ֻ轫Ҫ׷Ѱ֮˵ֿ׷֮ңôһܵʲôط׷׾ٵҵڷ
ضҲֻһˣʹôҲơ
һ׷ֻܿ˵֣һ׷͵Ҳ໹һ֣һѾ˹λͿǺˡ
λѾΣöָضҲʹѪ׷׷͡
ֽˢɫ⣡
֮ʣɫ⽫׷һʼõļƲߡ
Ըɻ꣬ȡ׷ʱ
Ϊһӵɫһͨ𣿡һ
ЦͻȻֲõԤС
ǴʱѾ̫ˣˢɫѾյһö׷
ͲŲǣʲôûз׷Ȼûһ˿ֿС
ΪֹȡΪ˳һˡ
ȻΪʵ̫˳һĪĿ־С
ȻĪĿ־ͼɵ
ɫ⣬ˣͬըһ㣬ͲŵĿԼ֣
һ˲䣬ͷѾɵɫ⾹Ȼʧȥϵ


574 Ǭ
ָ꣡ںһɫ⾹Ȼһ׷
ⲻ֪ں˶ٸȸβëɫ⾹Ȼô׵ı룬ֻ׷һɫĹâͬһڶһ㽫һɫĹâɣ
ӶͨԲ׷ܹӵеģ׷׷һ˿ͨһ˿ֱӰ˺ںһɫ⣬׷Ϊ壬ȡɫһö׷֮С
ض϶ļһö׷Ͳһö׷ʿõͨضϸһö׷ྪ˵
ɫһ֮ͨһ˿ƺҲľˣΪһѪʧʡ
λ׷ѣ׷Ƕȡɫ⣬Ͷûһö뿪ɡ
סֻһ͵֮ĸ׷
еĳһ壬ϼһ⡣
Ҫȥȹһأһߣ֮ɫĴһܵĿռͻȻһ˿Ȼ˿ڿй֡
Χźϼͬһ㣬â£һƬϼ˲䱻ն䡣
صĳâи֮Ҳ޷ά֣ʧ֮䡣
󣬹Ȼеͨͷʮɢž˽⡣
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һóȥܳΪ֮ʥĳҲҪᡣ
һһܹ֮һѾܿɹˣһȴӵʮǺεȿֲ֡
׻ʽȲŽ֮еκһʮĻҲý󣬷Ҫһ⣬Ҳ൱Ѷȡ
۷׵ļ֮ʮ׻ʽѾǽȣԭȵͨҲһ˿仯а֮ϲһ˿ɫĻ档
µ˵ǷԭӦе̬а׺ͽطںһ
ǰһڣնһƬɫӰڱΡ
֮еС¶һһɽ廹Ҫء
˾޴һһ˿㵣⻹һοܹӶ˾޴ġ
еĳһӣǧϼϿγһŴ
Сӵϼ֮ϾȻλӵ˾޴Сӵ޷һ
𣡡СӷŭһϾ״徹Ȼʼ
ѽѽѽСӲϵţһȻСӾ
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Ȼʱˣϻ֮еĳɫͻɫͻȻɳ
һһУһ޴Ȼܣ˫棬ӭһ޴
һľٶͶһ㶣аټСǿֲһǧʦһҲǱ³
ȻʿӲӲΪ
͵ͷеĹ죬һһĹâ͸¶һ˿а죡
ɫһ
˾һĻˣаɫϵʱȻͬëһ㣬΢ĲûС
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Ǭߵֻ˫ֺ£һһ˳ƽλá
飡ëͻȻСӸͱ޴С
꣡Ͼ״Ȼʼѣ
СӵǿȻ޷һ
СӣһΣһ컯Сӵ֮С
ŲͣóҩСӵͣ¶һ˿мɫ
Σڵ㻹Ϊҿ𣿡һЦ
һ̫ǿǻҪǽһСûбסƬѾˡ
ϵĵҩ࣬컯ҩСӵ˲űʱѹ
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Ƚգƽе˼ˮЦ
ͷǻ˼Ц𣿡üͷһ壬СӲһ֮£͵ûʲô˼鿪Ц
Сӣ㲻һĻϤ𣿡ˮʵ
˵ǡʹ󾪡
ͻӵеľǺεȵƣ
㿴ɲǻģ˵
Ȼĩ˷һ˿ߣȻһģ
ôͷ˫ܣ㵹ǵһ΢΢һЦ
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ͻƵľȻƵȴűʵĲ
Ƶľ֮ͨһеľӽԷĹȥ
Ǭ˫ǽֳ裬һգһ
ɣҿƿҵǬ˫˫һӽָڣ
ûܵģһǬȻһ˺ǾԲܴڵģһᣬ֮еʮ׻ʽΪʮ⼤
׹⣬ɫһеĳǬڴ̳ÿһһ׹⡣
Уô͵𣿡üͷһ壬ֵĻһ̳ɲǼǧ׹ͬһʱų
¡
¡׹ڿвϵײţ˭Ҳûռˡ
ۣ֮ͶͷĻ֮нų档
ûõģֵֻĳǬһ֮УֵĻ׼͡
ɲǼ䣬淭ͬһһ㣬ⲻܻ档
ǷǬ˫ܷ
Ȼ񾵷һ˫ķҲһֵ֮࣬زѾܿɹˣ
Ҫʧȥ侲һʧȥ侲ͻᱻԷǣűߣôԭڵʤҲߣϸ۲Ķˮһ
һ
ƺץסʲôȴ˵
Ȼ벻ôͶԼΣ˵
ԼΣһ㶣Ͻһöö˿У漴һ䣬Щ֮гһʯǽͨĻʯϵһ
ʹͨķǾʿں֮չֳ˾˵
޴͵ϷһĲм
ַܹЩͽʿĽѣоԵòֵһᣡ
ͣһʯ֮УʯԾ˵ٶʧ
ۣһתЩʯԭⲻͻ͡
ֹһЩʯ
Ϲսף֮ǰǿ˲٣ϵıһ۵˵


575 
˵һߣʩչ׶ݽĸһö׷档
һ߻ɷƶɣʩչ׶֮ʱٶԽ͵׻ݡ
ʹٶҲֻǵ׷ˣ֮ĲǵûСһٶţٶȥĻһ֮ʧȥɱ׷Ļᡣ
һƾȻܹӵֲֿٶȣһ˭˶ᾪ֡
ٶȲϷ׹֮оѾ
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¡
֮ڶըһ㡣
е˼׷ͻȻֳһӰ
Ӱҵ𣿿ϧֻСϷλᱻֶλܣֻһӰһӣ֮еƶʱһɾ紵ɢ
֮ǿѾܹ֮¶ΣҪεȵΪ
ʹǻʿҲ޷һز
徳ʿһһ˵˳
ɣϷɱ㣡һӰһ
ûкˣ˫֮춯
СӣϷҲҶֻ֣˺һ
⣡һƺ߾ͬըһ㣬˼жȥһɿֲ
徵ʿҲֻк徳ʿһ˻ʿ
Ҳֻк徳ʿܹƾһɱУ
һ˱ضǺ徳ʿɣ
Ǻεȵ𺳣һ֮оȻк徳ʿڡ
ԭΪʿѾһ۷ڣں徳ǾǷҲԳΪһǿ
ҲȻ˷Ļᣬѡһ֮С
Ҫ˵ʿǿƿջΣյĻô徳ʿʹǿƿգҲʮþ֮¡
徳ʿҪնɱʿҲһ֮ˣǰĲǺ徳ʿһˣǱһҲֻܷӱʮ֮һʵδûһ֮
ĵ徳ʿΪλҪһ磡
ȻƳһ߻ȴԼ˼룬Ҳǡһ塷໯֮ĸڡ
徳ǰΪλҪһ磿һضʱ׹Ű
ŶǺ֮ЩƣèͨͱϷǰ԰ˣֻһӣΧ׵ʱʧ
ףȻˣӰɵĿĽɫ׹⣬ɫ֮л˿
һһ⵲סڤɲ磬ʹֻǿһԵУڤɲҲ׵ر
¡ӰĿϵһɫĵ֮ϡ
徳ʿ۹䶾һ۱㿴۵ĲѰ
ӵбһϹսһ㣬ҲԼĻס
͵ıײͬϵһ£һµĲȴǷǱѰ
˵һ»Ҫ˵ϡ
ͷ֮ʹŷģ֮ľ׻ʽĽȴûַģʱ;Щĵкô
ϽġʱҲһ֮ʱһ׹ͻȻ͵ಿλ׸
һ׵㣬Ǳ׵һ£;㲻ҲҪа
ڱ׵Ϯľţ͸׵βġ
ġ֮ʱûʹҲκ׵磬Ҳôһģȴǿ׵硣
ΪͻϸĹ۲˷ϵжַġ
ⲻ֪һ곤ɵķϾȻоǧŰپʮŵģÿһˡ
Ϊľ֮һȻ䲻֮һİˣܹǿ׵磬ǽЩһĻǽﵽεȿֲ
뷨Ҳֻ͵Ժ֮и޷ʵʵ֮Щֻܵڣ޷ںϡ
ΨһܹıǽЩһҲǷЩĵзʽ
ԣڷ֮ʱѾ˽⵽Щַֻܰʽ˰ɡ
ͱڽЩһһǰ֮˿Ҵ⣬ĵһ֮ʱһƣĵӡ
Խǵ̻ԽǳʱͲԪӤڵΪ̻ǧٸ֮Ϊ̡
ǵ⿪֮ϵĽ֮Щ׵ʱʧأ֮жֲ׵֣ЩļԶԶ͵
֮һʱĥЩģֳЩĿ̻ڷ֮ϣ򶼻ʧء
ǷʹЩģΪ׭ȥǻ㣡
ԱǽЩҺ̬ڸϺ˪˿Ƴһۡ
ֲϽǳСϣһҲȫһƶ⣬˪;֣СһȴȻǱˡ
žõԣ͸Ƴһɫĵۡ
ڼ˷ĹϵҲܹĿ̻֮ϣʣµĲ֮ϲӷİˡ
ͻڵΪҲֻǿ̻ǧһʮģʣµľΪˡ
ʹһ۵ķҲھͶı֮ˡ
ֻ֮һ˿֮ϾͻḡֳɫķģЩֵܹ
ӰڤɲƵĽۡ
Ѿӵбף޹壬һϡ
һ۾һΧĶľɽʯʱѾΪһ촷ۡ
ڤɲĸʴ֮£Щȫ׵ʧˣûнۻĻЩһ³
һ֪аܹڤɲ磬֮ϵķĸǽһǿа׵Բܾڤɲǻͺı׺޹Ļ㲻ҲҪڤɲεһƤ
еŵϷˣֻӰһת˲ͳߣһϵḶ̌ۡȻ伸ðסһֻ֣漴ðһ̣аǺӦģ
аףӰһ֮ϾȻпڤɲаףô;Բˡ
Ϊ޷Σһ༸ϼһϵĻǾͲˣʱǴƣΪ˶žķԲһš
Ҫ֪ˣͶֳһˣҲֱľ棡Ӱаһ
ž˫һƣֻɫӡӡȥ


576 
һ˫ɫư޾Ӱ
ڤɲ磡ȻһڣֻһӰһһɹɺɫ֮г
ܵڤɲ赲һ˫ɫƾȻ޷ǰֺڤɲҲûռʲôˡ
һ˫ƿɴа۶ɣӰΪǿ̫࣬ڤɲںһ˫ƽӴʱѾаյİԵ֮׸ˡ
ӰڿвϵײڤɲаײϵڿжԿÿһײа׶ᱻڤɲѹƣܻôһ˿Խа׵ӿ
Щڤɲ綼ϵĽ۵£ڽɫ׷֮»һ̣
а׵λôࣿӰ˼
ײаҲǼ֪ܹ࣬а׵ķ٣а׵ҲΪޣݶԲ˺Ƶʹá
Ǵʱȴûκ֮ɫϲ׹ڸһӰڵа׻ܳ㡣
һܹа׵ȷޣʮ׻ʽڻܵаҲﵽ˾˵
οɷƶɣҪ׻ʽʩչаײͬʹûо׻ʽҲʩչаס
ʮ׻ʽֵĻо׻ʽϵа׵ǿϼ֡
ʱܲڵ֮Ун
һʿȻƵֵز̲ס¶һ˿֮ɫ
ϵʵҲֻеΪǿǺ徳۷壬һ֮гʥǸϲ֮⣬ܹ֮⡣
Ͻѵһ׷֮Ҳ֪ʹϵһҲԺɨ£徳ʿʮ֮һҲǻʿܹȼġ
ʵȴǵǰ㣬һһʿս£Ҫ϶ܾ˵Ϊһʿֵ
Ȼ˾ҪնɱˣеķԽԽ죡
ķСһֶʱܹ֮ʶǵ취ϲһеĴ߶⡶Ϊľǽһ˲١
ķȻ丱ãһڡĴ̼֮¹Ȼʱȼվ֮һȻҲõʧ
ΪһʿԾһϵǹϣ
䣡һ֮ʱԶ֮һӰһХõ徹ȻʵܹӰƤ
һ£֮ͻȻһص磡
ڤɲ磡ɫ䣬˿ֲڤɲԽһʿʣˡ
ɷΪףͽһķ߼֣
ȻҪа۳ʮ׽ʮ׽µɷ
ЦһȻ޴ΪеЦ
ڵа׵ȷǾˣһ϶òϡ
Ȼͼа۳˲ʵ̫
žž׹⣬ʱΧѾʮ׽
ɶ񣬹ȻһСⲼýķѵаˣ˳Ҷֻ۳ʮ
һеĻ۳ʮⲼ󲢲ԽԽãֻԼܹƿزܷǿȻǶĶʮ׽ǵãҪϺȡ
󣡡һʮа׽ʱ֮а֮С
ʮɫĵ绡а׽֮ɢЩɫ绡ڿһġ˲Ϣ֮֮бֳǧɫ绡
òһ£Ҫָһ㣬ڤɲɵ֮ͻȻǧ˿Ƶǽɫĵ绡ԣ
ҲǺãаƣ˱ܵĻеһ˿ƶɥʧ֮еĽɫ绡ò˱ܣڤɲײһ
ڤɲа֮սͬһ㣬Χ׷½أÿһÿһ붼ڤɲ类а׽Ҳаױڤɲɡ
ɣȻϵķһ䣬ʮа׽Ȼͬһʱѣ֮жʱǧа׽
С·һȣһᴩصڤɲ缱ѹϡ
ƾ轣Ҳǿڤɲһƽ֣Ȼ֪ķɢϺε˲Ϣ֮ץסʤ
˭֪ϲ¶һĨıóѵ΢Ц
ֻǧа׽֮ϾȻֳһģ
һľȻһ׵ϵķһģһ
ֻڷϲȶķͻȻǧа׽֮ϣζʲôҲֻԼ֪ˡ
׹һʱΪһ׹⳯ٶȥ
ܣһڤɲٶֿ˼֡
ϲ֪ǣڤɲԽǽӽΣվԽ졣
ǧа׽ȻʧأʼȣаɢҷɣһϿİ֮ס
䣡ڤɲ翿һɲǣӶݵһǧа׽֮ϵķͻȻʢ
¡
¡
޴ĺǧа׽ȻͬһʱԱˡ
а׽֮ϵа׽֮ϵ֮
һ˿֮ʧȥ֮ĵĹЧ㱻а׽޷ά֣ѿ
һεıѵ֮׭̵ķĵļӳ֮ԭȵʮ
ǲһڤɲʱȴͻĽɫ绡һڤɲ֮ϣȻǸڤɲһɫǡ
žણһѪɫ׷С
ոһαըϸһö׷ϵըɢûĿƣ׷Ҳֻһưˣ
׷ԵøĴۣ
üͷһ壬жʱһа׽һն׷֮ϡ
һնе׷ڿз˼ͷ֮˵֮ϣĪ˵٣һ˿˺۶ûС
Ҫ֮͵һھѪ
һըɢں徳ʿ˵ȻɥҲܵش
Ҳε̾˿
ǶȻһ֮ΪΪĴڣȴҴҡڵĳһ֮УһҪѹԼΪ
ϣܹ׷ɡ̾˿
һضϿ˵˷۱ǵûɫ⣬׷˽ȥ
ͣĻһͽ׹һһ͵ұ۲˹ȥұ۵ӱһ澡ٻ١
춼ϻ춼ϻܷ
ʱϷͣͬèڳԵʱ򶼻᲻ͣŪһ㣬ҪϷˣƣ֮Žɱ
Ǭ˫֣ھڲ֮أ


577 
ڵͲϴŴѾ˶ദ˿ڣн˻мڡ
ڼ̳Ѫǿָ˵ܹ˵ףȴ˿ڵʣ£ɴ˿ɼʹʱѾǭ¿ˡ
ϵ˺۽ǳԼ֣֮Ǭ˫ͽ͵Ĺ
ͺķʩչĹǵûκεЧԼܴ
Ա֮ʩǬ˫Ϊֲĵط
͵ǱȣԵޱɣͷ·ڿһֻƣڱһ㡣
еĳǬǰһ̣ǰһɫĹ⻡˲㱻ǬգǬ˲ϸ˿֮ϼöƬ״Ķöײ
һϸ˿֮һöֱƬЩƬ͸״ƽʱͿڳǬ͵Ĺ֮öƬᷢ
䣡ֵĻͻȻ̳һɫĵ绡һɫĵ绡ǻ֮ףֻһ֮Ѹײڶ֮ƻ͵ۡ
飡֮ϵѪɫ۶ʱըѪҺɽ
ѵأǿžʹһֻ޴ɫצ
Խһɽ嶼Ϊƽصһƣû˿η֮ɫǬ˫˻ػ
һ˲䣬;ͱһɾƿˣһ컹Ǳ˻
δ𣡡͵ĶͷѪЩѪҺ˳͵յ֮УȻضȾѪɫ
Ѿ;ƿݣ֮ѾĴ׽ѪҲһա
𣿡Ǳвɵһ󳩿졣
Ĵκԣնɱ˳ƺųԱڻƵѵǱƵ֮С
ƣڻ֮ǰ֮ме˶Ϊ֮гȥض֮ǿߣ쵽ƶ첻飬ü
ڴƿ͵ͷ֮ʱ־ȺͲˣ
èϷѾˣһ̤еǬ˫͵Ĵ͵ĵ
һֱɱУ͵ͷ­ԪһпӶݣǷȥ͵ĵĻôͽ
䣡ʹͷ͵ðһɫĻ棬ͬʱնҾһγ֣
žһɫĻͻȻûΣһץסֵĳǬ
֪һ̡
һֻɫĻƶʱ룬ֵĻһϻ
¸¸£ӵĻӣһǵһμ޴Ϊϻ֮Цһӻ춼ϻû˺ֺ
澫𣿡ĺһΪʲôĶûȻټҲûй
䣡ɻɵҾһȭ¡
ǿ󣡡һЦ˫棬ʱһȭ㱻ķȥ
Ҿ˵ֶ飬¶ɻ档
Щɻ֮֯£ҽ֮еҽͻȻһҽͬ˿һұ֮ϡ
ת˲䣬һұ۱
һҲһ˿棬֮ǰĳȷȷǽһҾ˷ĩһҾȴĳҲ¡
һö컯ڵʱָ˴룬ͷϵĴ˶ʼϡ
ɻôõģǵһǿվǰ廹̲ס˼¡
Ҿ˵֧֮²ǿվ
Ҿ˵ұͻȻ쳤ͷԼļ֮ϡ
ڵһطϻԶȴû˺ͷֺ
͵ΧһɫĻʱʱ֣ϻ֮
ҽ֮һͷҲǻĿ
֮ǰǳصĳҾ˷ĩɻҲ˹ȥֱڲŻָ
Ϊ¾ۼЩҷͰҿ𣿡Цһϻ֮еĳȻɳӲӵĳȻ¡
ԹҾ˺һһͷͻȻðӲĶסһƬ
ĳû콣ǰϬȴޱȣѹ
Ǿĸ֮еľҲǵУ֮ǿСҲҪʰ·磬ʹ߶ԵֵסһƬϼ
飡һƬϼʱ˺һӣ漴һƬϼ㱻ɱ
꣡ؿѾʼѪ
ҿ㻹ܳżУѪЦһ״ͼֶֿ֪ôд
ͻȻͷһҲһᣬͻȻһʹĲ֮ϾȻһСڣ
ֺֻϵѪܱᱻƣ
ŭһ֮˾Ȼ˵˵Ī裡
ֻһƬƬϼѹ˿Уϼ֮һֻĴޱȵĳѹ֮ʱһֻǰһӣϼͬϵĺɴһ㣡
׾ܸصĳһ
һֻǰͬƬһС治г滹˭
г֮棬֮Ҳͷ棬Ȼûʲô츳ͨǰǿ
ǰһֻгȻδȫɳܴﵽж鱦ĵزһ˵ͷ­ͬһ鶹һ򵥣ʹʦгһҲԳԲ˶ߡ
г漫ó䣬䲻Ľնɱڵ֮ҲǳгĿгδΪȫ壬Ǻ͵ʱҲ˼Ľնɱʿ˿ڻ¡
ʵǿϧˣ˿Լг졣
ѾһһԼɱʿĶ֮쾭顣
ϧˣͰ̾ϢһгԭǱõģϧֺֻһ
¼ʯ֮Ͳ԰׵ɫźÿһЩԼҲվ
ΪǬ˫޵𣿡ͿЦһ
Сӣ˵󻰱𱻷紵ͷмĺһ
Ǭ˫ȻܹȴһǬ˫ָͷ
һɺԣŭһѾĳ񾭡
㲻ҵĶ֣һб㣡ʥһսĽɱҲˣȴȽɸӳƨȻ˵Ǭ˲ֱһɺԡ
ҵǬ˫ģһ
ֱ˵ģΪ͹Ļս֮Ͳ֪ʶٴˣ
һָ͵նһ
޴Ľâֱն
ԵĿôһΣһǬʱһâ˽
ϸ˿֮ϵıƬһ˿
Ҳһ̣ǰһ
ʶıܿһâ
öƬʱгǰݺݵĿ棡


578 
гǰֽʯڻ£ʹеǬ˫һ֮ѵһķгնҲ
նеһ鱡Ƭ֮ϳһָĻڣ
䣡Ŀ鱡ƬͻȻըֲĽâʱ㽫û
Ǭ˫յĽâδüȻͱ⽣âС
˽ľ룬˿ֲĽâУҲ׶༪١
̳֮Ӱһĵۣɢҵͷɼһ˶˺֮һԵޱȵʹ͵λöļֱ۵İ׹ǡ
Ǭ˫֮Ǭѽıһ͸ϸ˿鱡Ƭ
һ͸ϸ˿Ŧ鱡ƬǬյ
гһ鱡Ƭ֮նһȱڣʹǬյ޷ƽ⣬δͷųѾ
һ֮˵ǳһ
Ȼ⻹Ǭ˫֮еһˣ
й鱡ƬҲһ򵥵飬ûٶȼгϣҲ޷һ
ڶһ
Ȼ䣬ĿеĻͬ鵯һ㣬ʱöĥ̴СĻ衣
ʼʩһΪ֮еĶ֣ôͬһ³Կ
Ӱڿвͣı任˸ٵƶгҲҵ͵ϮĻᡣ
ҲǳʱѾеĻգĿ鱡ƬѾҫ۵Ĺâ
ע⵽һĻоâһǲֳһĨЦ⡣
ֵĻһɲǣ֮һɫ׵ͻȻ˳Ǭ֮ϣ
ʲôɫһ
ϸ˿֮ϵĿ鱡ƬͻȻҵɫҲԽԽѿ
Сӣҧҧһɫ׵羹Ȼûбգֱӻۡ
Ļ彣ⱻһɫ׵òϵĲǽ
飡֮жʱ˼ö򣬲Щϻ֮˽ȥ
ڶÿܹĹһģǳ鱡ƬĿ鱡ƬضԱ͵˵
֮ǰ͵ĹȻӲȴҵʵʱͷųȥҲܹƷļ
ɫޱȵһսͱܽǬ˫ȱ˽⵽̶ֳȣһʼδġ
սĻ۱ҪεսͲ꣬սԲܺǧȣȻһСʿȴܹǬ˫صļһһھ˳
СӣᵫԼѣˮɫ̲סЦ
սɲȶǸΪǵļһ٣Ц
ȷֻڻʿ֮ҲǼΪһսȴκһʿ˲֪㣬ܹô̵ʱ֮ҵǬ˫Ҳǲܵ顣
һʼǾҪ侲Ļ͸Ͳע⵽Щϸڡ
ͨ˼ʶܹͨͱŵˣλܹϸĹ۲һһ
ҪЩҲȲףΪ˲ˡ
üͷһһʮ֮еľ׻ʽϻ֮׶ʱ£ںڵ׹⼫Ϊˡ
֪ܵҲֻЦһָͲʵȫܹЩڲȥ
䣡һǵһǣڵöƬʱֵĻͷų׵磬׵͵ײһ
͵һ䣬һڵ׹ͻȻƫתؿڡ
ԭֻ轫Ǭؿڱܵµһ׹⣬ȴתһȦóǬĽ׹⣬پɻͷš
һϵжɫһ첻Ŀ͡
νķֻɽʩչȴ޷ѾǬ㿴һ
Ҳ͸˼Ĵ۲Żȡ鱨ÿһǽ̳ն£ڴ̻˵նķΧ󣬿ȴַʽѡ÷ΧСĴ̻Ȼ⣬͵óǬ˫ֻ
ãúãѹûӣŭЦˬʵЦֱð
ΣǬ˫ҾŽ֮еˣΪҾ𣿡ͻȻޱȵıϻ֮һɫĳڿն
΢΢̾˿ڵ״̬ȷ޷ĵĽȻûбҪˣ
䣬һ׹⼱ٶ˸֮Ӱ͵ԡ
һöѪɫסĿ⣡
׷ôܣôܴϵ֮ж׷һĴ㵡
һ˿ҲǵУܹʤһ˿Ǿ޷ɣŽ֮пҪõĽһʿĻˡ
ʵᳬ͵ʵѾһʵ޷ϵһ˿Ӻᣬ˵һ߻ˡ
׷ȴǻʵ첻˼ٵģ
׷Ϻ͵Ϲͬһ˵Ϊӵһ
׷Ҳζһ£ϵһ˿ʧˣȻ޿ܳ
ˣ͵˵ͷһУȻʧһؽɫ͵С
ںһ˿֮ʱѾ˼ޣһαѸǽ֮еľܹѾǲˡ
ľָԭӡ
ˣͽһڷŽ֮С
֮Ҫ˵׵Ϊ֮رȻ֮УڷΧ׵֮ȻҲȲ͸ҽıһΧĻĪ˵ָˣӶļʵռࡣ
飡֮дըӰͻȻ˿С
꾺ϵȹ϶мӣ¶ļ
ˣµҾˣһнս֮С
׷𣿡¿뿪ıӰʵ
ûҪˣѾûлˣҡҡͷԼһۡ
ڵΪҶشĸ˵Ѿˡ
׷ʧѾʧȥ׷͵ʱ
͵ٶ֮ǰѾ̹ˣòϣû׷׷֮£ͽαܽ˦׷벻׷Ѿûʲô
͵߻Ҳǳһ߰ˣһ֮ǳһɲ漴ʧһҲЩɵ
ѽѽ嶾޷ཱུ͵߻ȥϵ˿嶾޵˫֮оȻ˾Ө⡣
嶾֮ʱһԼľѪ嶾޺Ѫ⵽ش嶾ҲеϣڵϾȻһĶ


579 Ѫ
λ飬嶾޵ữΪʮ顣
嶾飡Ҳһ졣
嶾޵ȷ嶾飬ֻǶڳ֮嶾޶ԣ嶾޲һ´С嶾黹˼ء
ǰʮ˸ɫâӵȷȷǴ˵е嶾顣
嶾嶾һ֮ڣͬľ۵컯һ㣬ϡ٣һֻ嶾һҲδʮ嶾顣
Ϊ¶Ŀǣ嶾һ۶嶾ܽٶΪҪǷһ嶾֮򶾲֡
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ҲǣϾǰСһ˵Ҳһ´СˣҪ۳˴˵е嶾ĻǲǾˡ
ʹ嶾ֻǰƷҲ൱
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ƿĵۣ滹еɼ֮ĶҲɡ
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͵˵ͷ嶾ʱ飬ڵ澫Ѿ̶ȵıѹˣȻżַֻһ嶾ȫѹ
һ֮ڵ澫ҲͷһΣǿѹ嶾Ҳôһ㣬һһţǵ򲻵ѵʱͲ붯嶾顣
Ҳ꾲עʱ鼸Σڴҩ֮£СӵҲѾָ߰˰ˡ
Ϲָֻ֣Ҳ硣
һ¥ǰͭͬһ棬ҲԹΣÿһζĪĸ˦˳
ȻͭĹʽǬ˫ƣȴûǬ˫Ǽ͸޴֡
ĴˣҲϰˣÿ춼ȥΡ
Զõѵʽ֮ͭ͵ҲԵĽ
Ȼ޷ӲƴôֻܶˣͼΪ֮ͭд
ͭ޴󣬵жȴΪݣÿһζܲ͸Ĺ˻
γ֮ѾԭĴ粽ѽ¥ıԵˣֻټһߵһȴţһ¥֮еʲô
ȡɵķʽȻ޷ߵⴱ¥Ĵţֱһȴŵʱŷһȴ֮ϾȻĸס
Ͳͭе˫˫һۣ岻һ
˰δ˵꣬㱻˫˳ȥ
СûµĶͭȻÿζǱˤñ׵ģҲһãͭĲ֮£СѾοƺԼʹͭ񷴵СҲһɷ
൱ڻӳһȭʱӵ㾢һͭϣһ̺Լڡ
ַʽʿвټĪ˵ؾؾУСӲûѧϰֹⶼǿԼģСһҲǷͬһ㰡
ӵؾ֮Сӵ˵Ƿһ˿ֲ;ÿֲˣ


583 ݻ
һ֮¹֮뿪¹ĸۡŴᣬҲ˵Ǿݻǰȥ
һʱ¹֮ۡʿ׷ɢȥ
üͷ΢壺Щ˻ǲ֪
ǰգЩǸ̽ЩѾԼˣǵΪҪġ¹͵
΢΢˵ͷƻʳ֮Щ֮ȫһ
ЩʿǴ֮һЩʵǲ۲͵ľٶ
͵Ϊ˵ʶԭӦ⵽ȫȴڣڵĵطûκεж
ڴ֮Уƻʵͥףڻ治£ƻʵӵŶһ޶Ȩ
ʵ۶Ĭ͵ľٶĻôƻʳ֮Ҳ˭ͷ
һһҶó˲ٺöμǰһԼĶ¹΢΢һЦ
ϣˡ͵˵һ䣬ܹûʿĵĶ˵Ҳ࣬˵Ҳ٣ֻֻܿԵˡ
¹û˿Ĳɫһ䣺ǰģ˴ǰĻȫҵͷϣ¹ҵҲὫǰĶ
Ϊ£ͣ¹˵Ѫˡ
ΪŮ¹ÿ¶ܵõǧƷʯԹټ¹ڻʶ֮ڻм̣ÿ¶һʯˣʹϵʯҲδػǰ¹ࡣ
˼Աһ׷¹ȻϧҲҪֺֹͣ
ҩϣѾĪҪȰˣ¹ȻޱȵļȴȻһɫ
ǰ׷ҩ룬˳ҩϣ˵һʦѾܹƷƷҩ֮ǰҩ¹ۡĵһʦ͵ĵҩϵĵλ»˲٣¹ı֤ʵ̲ȥˡ
¹ۡһԴĵҩҩȻҲһ˿
ƳҩһۣĵĹϵҩȻԪӤȴٳδͻƣԪӤǻʮ֮δͻƵĻ꣬ҩϱΪԪľΪһg
֮ҩҲʲôÿһҪķߴľһЩ˷רоЩա
֮໹ܳʱ佫ֵز֮жһˡ
ҪϵļһֻһЦҩжı´Ƶĵҩܿˡ
ûв´Ļʱ¹ļƿҩǳҩ֮֡
Ʒҩھ֮ҲǲĵҩݶΪ
ҩƳĵҩ͵ȴڲ֣ʹƷҩҲǿƷˣҩⰵҲǲģƹ֮ижദƷҩҩЧװʧһҡ
ԸⱻʦʿҪƾǿֲĲԼֳԽǿõҲԽ࣬ǰҩ϶¹Ҫչ˵ĶһЩõĶУͷҪңҩôҲʲһ
ҩԹĿһۣ¹Ҫˣҽŭ𷢵ϣԾͽŭǨƵˡ
ΪȻ͵Ķ֣ʦΪǿսܹڶʱ֮ټԸΪԼʿҩջûĸʿܹǸ߽׵ҩջһȺʿͬɶ˻ӿ
ʵǿ˫ȭѵ֣úܲס˶࣡
ע⵽ҩϵʱҲֻһЦҩЩʲôҲܲ¸߰˰ˡ
ʦȷ˼ɵҩϲ֪ǣԹ޵ĶʲôԪӤʿǸ߸ϵĻʿɲʲôܹԿĴڰ
ҸΪҪǣͱҲһʦһһҩϲ֪ٱʦóһҩĪ˵ԪӤʿǻʿҲҪ֮͡
¹Ĵ£һھݻǰͣ
ڽһٿƷʯ֮ǲűУݵһڲ
볡ѾҪһٿƷʯһһһˣҲζÿһ˽ҪһƷʯݻżһĸߣúܴһʿȴͬʱҲһЩûʵȴϵҵʿĽ
ǰѾż䣡ӯӯһЦ
ҩϵɫ˼飬ҧҧ߽Ⱥ֮С
ݻ֮еżɲǮܽģӦݡ
¹ŮҲŪһеȵż䣬ɼżϡ
ҩ¹ż䣬ȴϳż䣬һнΪ͵Եʡ
ҩһ뵽ϵԹ֮ɫˡ
꾷·ûп¹ǽӲɫһ㣬ԹԵ֮ϣͻе嶾֡
żһӣռһţµһη֣
ø͵ĻôŮվ´˳ȥĻƻҶŲ
Լ˵ĻȻ᲻ʧһʵǿĹʦĻ¹ԼҲ׷Ī
һʱ֮䣬¹ѵľء
ͿЦһҪ˶ʵĻеѶȡ
ֻһУ¶ʱһŻɫΣܵĻɢżֲ¶ȡ
¹ǣʹսһɿܸܵһŻɫεɢĿֲ¶ȣǿһΧװεʻȻûбֲ¶ȿɣ
ɼڻĲٿ֮Ѿ˳뻯ĵز
ʥ𹦡ʥĹһźǲף͵һЦ
һŻɫβǵĿŻ۳ģǡʥ𹦡֮еһŴͨ
һӵŻصĿֲ˵һͨɽȫ뵽һ֮У𣬱ԶĴȥﵽͬٵĵز
ӭݵѺķǰμһξᣬƣһξһᡣֻ̨һ׵ͻȻţһɴµĹװŮӳ֮С
ľϵ͵һЦ
һԴľϵ۶ܹﵽֵزŮӵľϵͨȻף
Ҹʵӣ¹ƲƲ졣
Ŷ¶һ˿棬ƻʳĻȻͷ¶ᣬƵĻʵ۵á
ոһҲ˽⵽μһĲǾݣķ֮˶вμӣɼݻ֮ߡ
ټһݣĿͻȻ˶һż֮С
£û뵽ôˣ͵ĺһ
ħʵָĺܿ죬ȻѾǻڵΪˣһЦ
ڶż֮еһɫ쳣԰׵ˣ


584 ֮
òȻһϢȴ
ħǵ󣬾ȻҴģĳƻʶ֮Сһ
¶޷ǵαħ׷ϵ޴ԲıҾ
ħʵǣǸ㹻ʱĻָڵΪҲǲܵ顣͵˵ͷ
ħʵ͸֮ʱٲȻһһأʹΪ֮ҲҴƱԼܹԸͷħ
ΪϹħһʱ䴭ǾͨʿԱġ
ʿҳΪͷħѷᣬ²ٱʿѹˡ
ż֮еǵڽħ֮нɱ·ŵĺħ
ħħʵȻǷͬСɣ⺡ħǽȣڸɢһɾ˵Ϣ
һΪǿķϢԲ͵ľ׻ʽ֮£Ժ鱦࿹⣡
ĺħƾǿʵþݵĻʿ֪Ѷˣħôһֲķ۾ݿҲûжܹˡ
ţͳʱעӣħҲ͵Ŀ̽Ŀڵż֮ϡ
ħ̽ͼæջԼʶȫѹԼϢ
ħħʵǱѰѱ⺡ħʲôֶʶ͵αװ
ǺħʶǴֲɨһ֮˻ȥ
ͷħҲѹԼΪüͷһ塣
ԺħʱյΪڵǿ֮Ķ֣ſĸλԸϢ
ǰһƷˣһ¹ѵ
ԭ֪֮У̨ϵѾ˵һƷһϵɽƵַ㲻ϳˣҲһķҪ߳ΣһķʹԪӤʿҲԿƲ
һ۸Ҳף׼һٿƷʯÿμӼ۶õһƷʯ
ھݻ֮УõʯѾƷʯΪ׼ƷƷʯûʸݻ
볡ѶҪһƷʯľݻ˵Ķһ볡ѶȲϵĻǾǾݵЦˡ
ƲƲ죬ɽʵ벻ķۣľ׻ʽҪ˦ɽ·ͻҪ
ͲҪζžûҪһЩᵤʿƴĺۣƬ̹һɽļ۸ѾһʮƷʯˡ
ЩᵤʿļȻҪһɽȥΪˣǸ׼š
һƷ׻㲻ķɽһʮƷʯļ۸ɽ
һʮƷʯۺҲһʮƷʯ֮Ĳ۵ĻҲһٰʮң㲻ʲô߼ۣǶڵһƷ˵Ѿǲˡ
ļƷЩɵķһĶƷʺһɽҲ࣬ĳļ۸ҲٿƷʯҸ
ֶһûʲôȤЩ͵ķһЩϻҩ
ʮƷ˫һʱ֮жһơ
¹֮ж¶һ˿֮ɫ
ЩڿһҵʱµĺԶֳһ棬סһ
ͻȻɳֻӣЩ֮֮С
첼ҿʱһͨ׵ӳ͵֮С
Ħµ˿񣡡Ͳ°͡
˿֮ţۼǵһΣ
ÿһû˿ܷһûзĻԪӤʿпУո¹ķӦҲ֤һ㡣
ĵõʯĻһ
Ѫħ˵ֲƳķǽᵤʿҲնɱ
ͲڵΪѪħ͸ˣɼ˿ĲȻܹƷƳķȻᷭϺü
ĦҲȥΣȻ磬ˣ͵һЦ
ع¹ǵЦ⾫һ
һǧƷʯ¹ۡ
˿ĵ׼ҲƷʯǲĻһС˿ܹĳŰƷʯļ۸ѾǼˡ
¹ȴһӽ۸һһǧƷʯ۸ɲ˭ܹеģǴƻеʯҲԲԣһǧƷʯˮƯľء
˸ߵļ۸ȻǱ¹ʮþȵĸˡ
¹ϧѪĽһС˿ΪľҪֺͣһƷʯҲҪΪͳ֪͵ӣ˵֮ⲻھƣ¹ССͱܶ˸ܹ֮ڴƻ֮дˡ
΢˵ͷ㽫һС˿С
¹ܹһǧƷʯļ۸һС˿񲢲Ϊ˿ֵǮһС˿𵽵Чʵ̫ޣͬһߣЩԪӤʿ뻨ԩǮһʹƻҽ
һж˵ȴν֮һƬĺأֻҪһС˿ȥձܳʮ˿
˿ԽǳãҲԽǿ󣬵ݴﵽ꼶ĻǻʿһСĵҲп淭
˿Ҫ˿һ꽣Ҳˣ
˼꺱ҩЩҩΪЩҩжãЩҩ֮жûС
ˣȻ䣬һ𣬾һɫͻȻ˳
һæתһö۸ѹǼʹˣһƬۻڲϵţֲҪ͵ľ̴
ǣͿ̨һɳľӨĹͷüͷһ塣
ɢŴϢͷ˱Ȼһ
֮ǣⶫϷҪˣħ¶һ˿Ц⣬ΪԹоĺħȻŹ֮Ĳϡ
ʿҲԾԾԣһΪֹݻϳֵΪһƷˡ
öżǿЧ̷Ҳǿʵá
Щʿֻһ֮ͨǣݻ֮ҲֻͺͺħʶһǵķǷ֮
׼ƷʯÿμӼ۲õƷ顭
ƻδ䣬ʿȲĳˣ
߰Ʒʯ
˰١
һǧ
ת˲䣬һǵļ۸ѾһǧٿƷʯ
ǧħڳˣһӾס˳µʿ
һħСžҲܲµõǾԲ뺡ħС
ǧʹһ
ѵ¹еĲ豭ͻȻ䣬ͶųһOˡ
¹ǮǰǰѾƷʯôһºݵģ¹Ҳܲ˰
Сӣ֣ħһ
ǧͱһߵļ۸


585 ׹ɽ
ʼպħûнҺŸɵʿ뵽ȥ
ϢĹһΪҲδػںħ⺡ħҪ͵ʵݻĲһ򵥵顣
ƾħҲ벻ʮ꣬ͱɹ׻ٶʵ̫ˡ
һ򣡡Ƥûգһ¡
һԵ¹ĿɬһƷʯҪҵˣҲֻдӸ֮гڶʱ֮ڴôʯˡ
һƷʯһǣڵЩԪӤʿ۵ʿȫǮûطˣǮյġ
СλһģѲһǬһʿһ֮󵭵˵
Ҳ֪²ûзһʲô쳣һιͷԲֵһƷʯ۸񣡡⻪ӵһʿܼͬһվ˱ϡ
һƹܼһʿȻҲŴʿΪ⻪ӵݲɻ
һħЦһ
ħҲһʯʯٶʯҲȲһ֮ǣ⺡ħѾ⣬Լ޷ƾ򵽣ôҲҪʵһ֮Ǵߡ
ȻΪʮ֮һǺħҪ֮һҲʲô¡
򣡡ͺһ
۸սң̨ϵƶ࿴һǼۡ
һǾʦ֤Ҳһͷʧܵļ֮ǣôһιͷȻ˫ᣬ۸Ǵﵽ붼ĸ߶ȡ
Ʒʯκһʿ׵ó˶ʯ
СӣҪٳ۵ĻͱҲˣʱѹڵǸż䡣
ߺߣݻҰڰʿһʱһѹˡ
ھݻ֮ѹڵĻôݻҲܿô󣬳Ϊݵһᣡ
Լѹħֻһ
ҪԼΪҪɱЩʿǷ֮ˡ
򣡡ħҧҧ
ǻɫ˼䣬һѾֵز˭֪ǷǱѰļ۸ȴ˭ֵܲġ
ƷʯþųɾʿȴҲò
ڸƷʯȥһβ֪ʲôôǣΪûݳ޵ֵز
̫ӵ£ɷҪ֣ǹܼһʿʵ
ˣǲ֣ҾͿСöһжôִţӵĺһ
⻪ӺȻ̫ӣһΪȻﵽԪӤڣǲĻ˱ȻǴһλʵۡ
ʮ򣡡üͷһ壬۸Ѿе㾪ˣҲֹļӼȥĻһΪǵ顣
ʮ򣡡ħȻŭǳĳԭ򲻵ѵʱʵǲӲ
ʮƷʯֲݵĴҵȻ˿ȴֻʿһʱļ۸ˡ
˻žȸԽԽǿңһᣬһ˳ȥ
һ㶣֪֮оȻһöԲ
ţҽ¼Ȯһ
ƴʧɫȻ޷ֱ⴫ǴӺδҲֻһͣ⴫ߵΪҪ̫̫߳ˣ
һö弶޵һǣһ
λλͣͻȻ˵
ں֮¶˵Ц⣬ֻҪ˲ɵǱ֪һö弶޵ȡһѾǶԵˡ
弶޵޼ƶʹǴȻҲδػӵһö弶
ͣ˰ʱңƲ̨һȴˣԶһƷ
ǰǰ¹ںϵͽе
ֻǻͷ¹һۣ漴ĿЩƷз·Ƿһ㡣
ǰһǹˣھݻĺ̨ں֮еͽӹһ֮ν˸ʧ˾ݻ֮УЩڰûз뿪ݻġ
ڲ֪֮ѾԼѾһŪˡ
Ǹ֣㻯Ϊһ׹͵֮С
ʹҵʹʱ
;Լұ۷·Ҫըѿһ룬ֵֻĹڷžҵı仯·ǽԼĹͷȻһ
;һԽԽңҪˡ
͵Ӱڿвͣı任ţÿһ˸ı䷽
飡͵ұͻȻըѣһؾӨĹͷ¶˳
ں֮ǣ´󾪣
漴ұѪһըѪⲻϵ䶯ţת֮һֱ۾Ѿָԭ
ǣħ
Ƴ˺ħһۣ뿪żһɲǣ⺡ħҲ뿪ˣԼ;ݻ׵鶼⺡ħС
ͳ֮ļαҲΪ˰⺡ħ
ħħʵϾǷͬСɣʹҲ޷ѣǱħ׷
ǾҪûбˣЦһ
͵ǰĿռͻȻŤһֻɭ׵Ĺצץ͵ĺġ
飡΢̣һ󽣹⣬һֻɭ׵ĹצʱͱЩгһѹǷۡ
ʿϧˣһ˽ĻʿͲǱĶ֣ħЦһ
䣡ħһȭⵥƾһȭȻڿγһƣ͵·Ǳɽѹסһ㣬ֲѹϳۡ
úħûԤϵǣ;Ȼǲܣһȭ
䣡
ȭȭཻһȦ˽ԲʮﶼΪƽأȭ֮Ŀռ˶ѡ
꣡ħұ֮ϵĹǼ׺Ȼѣǵ˳ȥ
Ǻ֮һ˺۶ûС
Ͷ˼ĿԼ֣֮ǰǿǻûǿֵزħһˣ
֮ǣһ֮ǣϲû뵽ֻںһ֮ͷı仯
Ѫۣǣʹǵ޼ܹ֮⼸Ҳָ
ܽȫĹ滻Ϊǣ彫ǿһֲ˼ĵز»ϲ˵
ħŭĹǼ׶ʱԭһװĹɽ
ͳΪһɽļƷɣȻ䣬һ׹ɽϳĹǴ̣ɭĹǴ̣һ׹ɽȻ¡
鱦һ
һ׹ɽ֮оȻĴڣ
ҲҴ⣬һȭҲûнһ׹ɽ飬ֻǱ˼Сǣ׹ɽļӲ̶ʵ˾̾
죡ʹһţһ˫ɫצ֮׹ɽ˿Уټİ׹ɽȻ޷·ֺ


586 ʯ
ħǾ֮ɫ
һ׹ɽǧǷѾĵرƶɣԭȵķȻһ˿Ĳ࣬ҲԲ׵رһڵʿ
ͶԼһЦںһ֮֮кܴĽʩչʽӵӦˣ֮ǰĻʹܹһ׹ɽҲԲɡ
ħŭнĳƣµķһ׹ɽϡ
Ȼ䣬һ׹ɽðһɲҰײҰ׵Ļ棡
ͱ۰ƶʱȼɭ׵Ļʱӵ͵ȫ
ɭ׹̣ɭ׹ѾԶԶԽ˺ħʱ
Լٶʧɭ׹֮£Ҳоһ˿ѹ
Ȼ䣬һɭ׹޷֮㱻һɡ
ħĿ͵ĿͣͲԼ͵ɭ׹澹Ȼᱻһʿ⡣
ʥ𹦡ȻԵɭ׹涼ɣаϲ
⡶ʥ𹦡ΪʥľѧȻǷͬСɡ
֮ڵתΪĻϵħɭ׹ȻԵǺ͡ʥ𹦡ȾС׼ˣת˲㱻ڵĺɡͬ
һЦһ֮ȻУĻϵɢſֲĸ¡
һ޵ĺ͵Уһ䲻תŵĺħ𲻸ŵĿ͡
ʥʲôϵħѵĿͣеɻ˳
ʥû˵üͷһһ޵ĺһתײ˿еİ׹ɽ
ħʱ⣬æջһ׹ɽ
䣡ͻȻ䣬ضΪ֮һ䣬ɫĻϯһƬأħİ׹ɽ֮вҡΣôҲѲķա
ħһᣬҧ⣬һھѪʱһ׹ɽһɭϢЩϢȻס˻ķգӲ޾Ļ֮˺һӡ
һħջذ׹ɽ֮ûӰˡ
úħݻʿΪɵĴڣȻôˣ
Զݶߵĺħ۵ĿԼеİ׹ɽķѪżħһԴ󽵣׹ɽ֮ڵ鶼ܵش
ǼɭϢ׹ɽ飬ʱδ׹ɽ黹δȫֱͣôһգ͵ʱǱڵѺˡ
һ֮оȻкʥĴ˴ڣǸϼһôὫԼ²֮ˣħޱȵķŭ
ƾ붼벻ħ֮жǶĺʥΪλһСӣһħġʥ𹦡
ǶԺʥļɵ⺡ħҲڰ˵֮졣
ȷħԶ֮ͲһħħжԹȻǲһ˿һĴ⡣
Ͳ˿Լƣ͵֮ϸ΢˿ڣ˿ΧһȦڲϵķš
Ȼס˺ħİ׹ɽ͵Ҳ׹ɽϵļˡ
ܹ͸۴͵֮У׹ɽ̵֮ļӲ̶ȿɼһ㡣
⺡ħܹħս֮дħһ׹ɽϲɭ׹һйǶɫصĿѾ˰ߵơ
ħĹǶͬСɣΪˣǶһɲǾͶסȫĹѾΪһ̲ˡ
뾡콫Ƕ⣡̾˿
͵˵ͷͻȻſϽɫһš
»صݻʱ¹ûзǰĲһ߷
嶾޽һãͿһۡ
꾵˵ͷ嶾ԲͬƤһڵϹ˼Ȧ֮˳͵Ĵ͵ұ֮ϡ
嶾ԶΪھ綾Ȼĸ֪ʹͲ˵СһҲȷĸоĴж
˳͵ұۣԲ嶾ϸСĸ첲͵ұ֮ϡ
ɲǼ䣬͵ϵĺ嶾޵ӿȥ
ת֮䣬֮ɫĹǶͱСһﵱʳԵˡ
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꾵ֶ֮ȣʳħĹǶͬڽһ㡣
˶żһۣһЦ⺡ħȻȥ
ܹħħ𶼶ĵĶҵҪʲôһ
ħھݻ϶ǳԱû£ݻ֮бȻ֮
ǰͻΪһ֮ǣ񺡹ħȥȻ⺡ħͼ
֮ǳֵһСθ֮߳⣬еıȽûгһǵķ񺰼ۡ
ĳļ۸ǧǧƷʯ֮䡣
Ϊ߹ᣬݻϳֵĶҲԽԽϧļ޵Ѷе
ѣͲ֮õһö֮ѣȻ˵һöйŹ֣ȥо˺ܳһʱ䣬ջûŪʲôͷ
ҲȥʲôͷͿһöѣóҲ׼һ㡣
֮ͻҪϼˣҲὫѽˡ
Եǣ֮ѾõԼҪõĶԶһöںڵҲûж⣬ֱӱ㽫һöѸ˺֮У۲Ĳ
ѵĿʵ̫ӲͺСӺҲĻͻһö˳ԵҲζ
ɵĽţʦĴ֮£ҲԽԽң֪֮Ѿ롣
Ҫһʯ̣΢΢һЦ첼һƿһ鱥ɣʯ͵
һʯ̳ɣһɣʯ֮ʮСףʯ϶ƣ˶ʯ̻ܱӣʵ̾Ϊֹ
һʯ沢ûκεҲûʲôµķģʮС֮⣬濴ʯʲôصĵط
׼һǧƷʯÿμӼ۲õһƷʯֻ˵һ¼۸ƾûκεĽˡ
ûûйãڳʿʱɵˡ
һǧٿƷʯɲһСĿôһ鿴ƽƽʯδҲ̫Ϸˡ
Ƶѣ㲻˵ʯкãҵ֣ҩ̲סʵ
֮Ҳ¶һ˿Ϊ֮ɫ˵Լ޴֪һʯҾݻһϹż֮ã֮еļʦһʯ̾ϹʱڵĶϹ֮ǰ
һԶһʯͷˣܳе۸񣿡ʿԷ
λʯ֮̾ͨݺᣬȴӲޱȣԪӤʿȫһֺƿ²ԽԽ󣬲òԼ֪һж˵˳


587 ʯָ
ܹԪӤʿȫһһ仰ʱʿۣż֮еʿҲ¶һ˿档
̫ӱ£һʯ̿ȤϹܼ΢΢һЦ
Ƴ̫һ裬۾

Ϲܼҵ˵ͷһʯ̱Ȼ̫ӵ֮
Ϊƻҵĵϵ̳ˣһʯҲ˽⡣
һʯ̵Ҳ˵ǰ㣬ǴһϹż֮з֣ɵĴƻʵַġ
һʱһʯ̷Ϊ˴ʱоһʯ̡
ǽȴ⣬һʯ̷·ͨʯ壬ʮСھûκ쳣
ƻһһʯҲζѾһʯˣڿⷿռطȡʯΪʵڡ
ɷһԣһʵ
Ƶ˵ͷ㣡
䣡󺺶˵һȭһʯ֮ϡ
ǿޣ̨µʿɫһ䡣
޵Ѿﵽܴﵽ۷ˣ֮Ҳôܹ־ľ֮
ѵѣͻȻϳ󺺡
ɽڵѡ¹ǰһ
Ҳе֮ҲһģѵֵͨѾԽ˵ɽڵǬ˵ǿɽڵĵһ֣ΪѾﵽ˴ʿ֮С
²ں֮ޱͣʶĽѺһȽϡ
һ޴ңһǳ¶âʿ֮ǿ
ǰѵΣ¹ʵ
͵һЦһ֪ȴ֪ұѾˣ
¹һ㶣е㲻˵Ļ
䣡Ȼ̨ȻѸǽеľ֮ɫʢ
ʱɫ԰ףİסԼ֡
һȭǵûжʯκε˺ۣǽѵֱ顣
ҳǧʶʯ̵ļӲ̶֮˳ۡ
˶˵˭ںΣ
Ѷ޷ʯһҲǴ´ˣ
ǧƷʯż֮дϹܼɳƵ
ֳˣ¹һ㶡
ǧһżűۡ
ֻǺ̫ӹȥ¹۾гһСˡ
ת˲䣬˾Ѿ۸̧һǧƷʯӼ֮Ѹ˿ͺͺħ֮
ͺͺħ𾺼۽˽⵽һ֮ǵļֵϧһдҲҪ¡
֮ļӼ֮Ѿ֮Ѿһʯ̶һˡ
̫ӵ£ĵܻܵôĲءϹܼһЦ
һӣӴ˱Զıѹ£Ҳѹ˵Ĳʣ̫һЦ
һż֮Уһ̫ӳüһģһĿ̫ڵż䡣
ʵ»ӣҪ̫ӵļưҪľĲһȰ
ţΪһᱻҴļ֮Իס𣿡ʵ»¶һ˿Цݡ
֪֮У۸ȻƷʯ
ˣҲӦʶˣ̫ӸЦһ
ǵ۸Ʒʯʱʵ»ȴٳûбۣ·ż֮иûһ㡣
һ֮ƿ̫ڵżһۡ
ƷʯһΣ
ʵ»ڵż仹ûһ˿졣
ƷʯڶΣ
ʵ»ڵżȻû졣
̫ӵѾһֻ֪ԼĶܣȻʵʵİһ
Ʒʯܹõó̫ӸҲҪ˽ˣ
һǧһֱûͻȻۡ
̫˱۲һΣƷʯǲˡ
ǰ⡭¹󼱣¹ɱȲ̫Ӹǰƴ֣óƷʯĻҪԲˡ
ҩĿһۣҿԺ󻹸Ҳ㣡
һǧһΣ
һǧΣ
һǧΣ
һʯ̱͵¹żʱ¹Ŀɬ
һʿ֧Լ֧˦鼫Ʒʯ
Ʒʯ˵ʯ֮ΪĴڡ
ʯĻ֪һٿƷʯһƷʯһٿƷʯһƷʯ
һһٵıȻҲڼƷʯ°ˡ
Ʒʯ֮ʱͷ˰ٱﵽһһĵزҲ˵һ鼫ƷʯԻһƷʯ
ʱʹٷһҲδػԸ⻻ȡ
Ʒʯʵ̫ˣû˭Ը⽫һ鼫ƷʯͨƷʯ
ôĵ̻ôһ飬ǾԲൽȥ鼫ƷʯԹһʯˡ
ԼĪ˰ң¹żķһα򿪣һһüĿ꣬ʿΪɢһλߵϢ
μʣ¹Ҳû뵽ԼĸʻԼż֮С
ɡһλƻʵֻǵĺһ漴Ŀ͵ϣ·ͲĶһ㡣
ֻǵһЦ˿ûܵƻƵӰ졣
еļƷʯʵ̫һʯ̻и࣬ǾݻĹֻҪھݻĵ֮ѣܸۣƻʵݹһϽɫĿƬ
¹һϽĽɫϽɫĹǾݻ֮߼ģҲֻ֮еŻ̫ϳϲʸӵУʹƻ̫ҲһŹ𿨣һϽһΣ
֪ϿɷУҾݻԸ߼չƻʵ
ͿЦһƻδҲ̫£ôеĻҲὫƷʯĶóծˣ
ƻ¶ʧ֮ɫ̸˼֮뿪ż䡣
һϽҲֻǱĴϣЩٲȻѾΪͰڷĵطҲֻĶͲŻǷŵ֮ڣǰһϽȻһ롣
һƴһʯ֮ϡ
һƲǰƺƴ󣬽һ죬ʯӶûܵκεˡ
ڿһͱѸ˲ֹһһĳȫһʯ֮ϣûһ˿ɢݳ
Ȼһƿ⣬Ҳɵʯ̾ȻǷֺδ𣬷͵ֱ۱֮ⷴķ顣
Ȼеŵ΢΢һЦһʯӽ֮С
һʯ̽һɲǣһֱͲ֮еöָͻȻ
飡һ죬öָǱʯ̵Ķ֮С
ʮڣʮöָ
Ժ֮һ
ƣģӯ꾣ţ֮ʮƺųԱʮöָʯ֮ҲʮСڣʵѾ֤ʮСںʮöָȫǺϵġ
ӵеöָ֮УģգöָǶĶҲð֮
ʮöָζʲôͲ뵽꾵ϣΪ˳ƺųԱ֮һǰ꾱Ȼ֪һЩĻ


588 ˾Ѫ
ͺ֮䱾ⲻĳԹڼһʯ̵ĻҲûʲô˵ġ
ʯĺӵеʮöָйϵĻƱزŹҲԲһʯ̺öָ֮֡
Լİȫ⣬͸ʯ̺ͽָ֮䵽ʲôϵʮöָ֮һʯ̻ʲô˵ı仯
Ŀǰöָһصʯ̷ʲô춯صı仯
Ψһı仯ǶָС׵ϷԸֳһ֡
Щָֽ֣ϵӦǡģ֡
ݻ֮Ͳõһ֮ǣǵõһʯ̣ľϲˣԵҲûоܾ¹롣
һǧƷʯȥһ֮֮⣬˵ǽݻ֮ĳ۸ߵġ
Ҳһ󼤶ԭΪʯȴ벻ļ۸ʦļ۸ԽߣôʦõķֳҲԽࡣ
ǴĻҲȱʯܹϵõһʷķֳɾҲޱȵ˷ܡ
и߳ȻҲеͳһʯ˾ȵĸ߼֮мƷʽֻˡ
ᶼ飬ʹٸʦҲȫž
͵εźħڵż䣬ħĶͺǵġ
һƷһƿѪϹ޻˵ľѪƵͻȻ˼ֱ
жʱһ⣬Ķ̨ϵǸӨƿ֮вϻζĻɫѪҺ
˵һƿʵҲֻǸպýƿסˣ۵ĻҲҡ
ϡΪһСƿ˵ľѪʿͷˡ
һСƿ˵ľѪһξݻѹƷ֮еһ
׼ƷʯÿμӼ۲õһǧƷʯƵһЦ
˾ѪƲûʲô֮ͣǰʯȫ֪˾ѪûҪ
ϧˣһСƿѪ֮вû֮ѪõһƿѪ֮˵ܹΪ֮һ޼ʿµһЦ
ƲƲ죺޼壬ô򵥣
֮Ѫɲ˭ܻõģҪѪϹʿĽƣѪҲỨ˴Ĵۣϧһ֮ѪΪ޼һԱ
ʹһƿ˾Ѫ֮вû֮ѪĴڣȴļֵ
ȵĻϵΪĶ
͵ǻȻиŬԭλλ
ǻҩϾޣ͵һѾǼˣЩŬûκεĽ
ҪԼͱõһЩϧĻ֮ǰĻ˾Ѫõѡ
Ѿ鼫ƷʯڴʱֵĻض˻ɣʱñ˷Լݡ
һƿ˾ѪҴӦ԰飡µĿ¹
¹һ㶣飬һƿ˾Ѫ
¹ͣûĸԪӤʿҪۻ֮ߡ
ֻԼãȻϽӡǣȫ¹üģһƬɵĺ¹Ķͷ֮ϡ
ӡ̺֮ȫһʹǻʿûз±Ҳп䡣
²֪ǰݣ֮ǰеǰ£¹󾪣漴Ǵϲ
ʿǰ֮˾ȻǻʿǺʹͬһĴ˵еĴڡ
ɣ͵ĺһ
ǣǰģ±ضὫһƿ˾ѪĻ¹ϲ֮ɫ
һƿ˾ѪܻȡһʿΪԼ飬ûбˡ
붯һʿĪ˵ƷʯǶʮƷʯҲһüͷ
»ЩɻûʿΪλһƿ˾Ѫ⡣
ƾ¹δҲԲ뵽ǰʿһλʿӵһڣʵ
¹ǲϧۣ㻨ʮƷʯŽһСƿ˾ѪŪ֣ΪԼӵеʲȫ˽ȥ¹ӵеļҵҲΪûʽƲľء
¹ȴû˿ıˣΪһСƿ˾Ѫõһʿ֧֡
Ȼֻ࣬Ҫõõȴ԰ɺܶ顣
¹ҲһЩֵҪȣȻŭ͵ĻĪ˵飬Ҳܶ
ӯӯһЦһƿ˾ѪҪΪǼСһ׼İɣ
ʼ򣺡һη˾ѪӦǹˣʣļθͷСˣҲһͷСʵһΡ
ָСָı֮շһͷ룬ӵ޷Ѫ⼸ξѪýڵѪһ
༸ͷʱҲûʲô취ֻһһ
ʮƷʯ¹սµѹƷ᲻һȤˡ
ʱħû뿪ȻħҪƷѹƷ֮еһˡ
һƷͬСɣݿҲֻôһˣƻһӡ
ݶһƵδˣһʿ˿ӣԷ
ƵһЦû˶ֳʲô
ǣʿ֮һƾǣӵһЦһöͬʯͷ
ʯͷڲһɫϢڲϵתš
ʿ֮һƾǣһͶû뵽Ĵڡ
Ȼּʣ֮дûзֹһ飡
ţһ˺ħڵż䣬ԵĲ⺡ħмĲһֱصĺܺõĻϢȻ¶һ˿Ȼֻкܶݵһ˲䣬ȴͲ׽ˡ
һƻ𣿡ͺһ
׼ƷʯÿμӼ۲õһǧƷʯЦ
⻯˻ʿһļʶĹͨ
֮еȷôһ˵⻯ܹ֮õ⻯ʿһã̶ȵ׻ĳɹʡ
˵Ȼ翣ȴżջκεЩԪӤʿһе
򣡡ż֮д˺ħ
򣡡̫¶˿ȵɫ
ԪӤڣΪʿҲһ֮ңһƻÿΪ·պ׻ΪһϵĴڡ
ʮ򣡡ʵ»ӰޱȣһӾͿʮĸ߼ۡ
ʮƷʯļ۸һƿ˾ѪǾһƻǣԶԶ⻯ǵռ۸
µҲ¶һ˿֮ɫѾûжʯȻҲҪһš
⻯עż֮еƷڵµԪӤʿһֻܸɿţûӦĲЩʿҲֻиɿŵķݡ
ʮ򣡡ħһЦ


589 
ʮ򣡡̫һҺߵϹܼ˵˼֮һŴʿΪϹܼұҴ˳ż䡣
һߣػʵ»ߵҲ뿪ż䡣
ھݻſ˵һЦ֮뿪
ʮǧʵ»˿á
֮ϵȷǺ;ݵ𣬸ڷ֮е
һǲǱʵ
ʵǺڵҲ˵ǰ׵ģʵҪָ¹ΪҲһϡ
ƻʳĵʵҲƾǿʵ˻ʵλãƻǰֵȫնɱĸҲƵλ
ɱֱƸоȴûκָΪʲôΪƻһţʱѾĵһǿߡ
ǿ߹֪ͬڵƻɱִλоû˻Ϊԡ
Ե̫һʱѾ֪Ϊʵһûʲôƿԡ
һĵ֮ʵģô̫֮λͻᱻĵߡ
ʹǺͬһʱ֮гʵ»Ҳ⣬ʹһĸʹֵܣλ֮Ҳ˶ͣϢ
ʮ򣡡̫Ӻ֮ϰԵĶһԵĲ豭ǴʱѾǿտҲ
֪֮ѾһƼƷˣȻ򾲣ȴѾļˡ
̫ӵ£һѾϣ̫Ӹܹ֮óʮƷʯ֪ʱϹܼѾż֮С
ϹܼҵĻͬһŶһ㣬̫һֱŵ˵ء
ʵ»ӣʵһóʮƷʯʵ»ߵҲ
ʮʹ绹һβ࣡ʵ»ӳһӴ֮ͳһ壬ǲ֮ɫ
ſʵ»е󾪣Ӳɣڴ͸ġ
ǣҪˣʵ»Ǿ⻯־ڱصá
СǱѹһ츳ȻˣҲ˿ϻ̫ӵݣʱ޿̶Ӱ֮¡
⻯Ǳ⻯̺֮ϢֻҪ򵽼֣һϣʹ׻ҲΪպ׻»
ҵЩ˼ʶǱ֮Ȼ
ǷļӼ۰һƵһЦȫһ˵ڿҾۡ
ȻǰڻбʿҪǱļ۸ܿͱҸѹȥ
ʮ򣡡̫ǿѹĵľ֣ԼûзԼڱ۵ʱѾϸ΢Ĳ
ʮһ򣡡̫ӵ࣬ʵ»ӵѾȫǺˮ
СޣǺҺħ𶷻һ㣡ħһЦ
̫Ӻʵ»֮ͬҲǽܳĴڣǺͺħ˲֪Ϲȣ̬ڶ֮϶ԶԶġ
ʮ򣡡ħһ𣬶ʱ۸˶ʮ
ѵ̫еĲ豭һ˲䱻ķ飬ǲʡ
ʮʮƷʯȻļޣ㾡̫ӸҲóʮ򣬶һ鶼òˡ
ʵ»ӸǼѵĿԼе壬ѺȥԲֹʮƷʯǶԷƺóһ廹ܽһƻֵĻôڷԼµ嶼óѺȻᲪȻŭڴ֮еĵλȻҲ𣬵ʱ˷۱ˡ
һƻǰˣֵħʦ𣿡ͲмƲƲ졣
⺡ħôҲǺ徳ǿߣΪҲΪһƻز
£㿴һƻʲô𣿡̲סʵ
εҡҡͷʶ㲻٣Ҳζܹ֪һУһƻǲûʲôر֮һ˭ûмܹеĲͬ
ħһЦһƻǺʵС
ڽʯ֮󣬺ħҴ뿪˾ݻ
ħ׸ʲôһһݻΧĽ;Ѿ뿪˾ݻ
ʿ¹дΪһʿĸҲôˡ
ħħٶȼ죬ʹȫʩչ׻ٶҲֻǺ⺡ħƽˣ
벻ħȻһ֣֮ǰֿûмʩչֶͺһ
ħ죬׻Ҳ˵
ۣһھѪѪס׻棬͵ٶȶȻֻһѪ;Ѿ˺ħǰ
Ǻεȵƣ֮ǰǺħΪһ֮׷ͣȴһ׷غħˡ
ħ𣬶겻տɺãһĨ¶ıĿ
㣡ħһ㶡
ΪΨһһԪӤʿħȻһӡ
ٷḻҲ벻СԪӤʿҡһΪԺȼĻʿ
С֣ûɱ㣬췴Լײղײգӽ·ɭ׹ͻȻð˳
ħˣЦһһУֻɻͻȻɳ͵һףħɭ׹汻һ׾ա
ڡܴĵһͨΪף͵ı֮£ټɻԣɭ׹޷˵߷ֺ
뵱Щõɻܵºħɭ׹棬οɻ档
ħʵڻָЩɻĳɳٶΪˣ
ЩСӣȻҪնɱħŭЩɻ棬ħҲ޿κΣֻҪЩɻڣɭ׹һͨǷˣ
ѹȻ䣬׹ɽѹ
ɷ󣡡
飡ʮ׻ʽԲֹ˰׹ɽ䡣
а
һһȭһ׹ɽ֮ϡ
а۳һˣҲֻʮ׻ʽͲ쵽
аױͺЩħϵϢˣʮ׻ʽ׵˸Ƿͬһ㣬һȭȥ׹ɽɣǰʹѷǽһ
ʮʱһЩʿ˵һαչصʱ䣬͵ʵȴ˷츲صı仯
һںħ½ԪӤʿڲǵҲܺͺħ𶷸൱ռϷ硣
ħϧĿ˰׹ɽһۣ׹ɽٱʹϼµĻһ׹ɽҪѳɼˡ
ʮ׻ʽϵа׵ɢȥһҲʧ֮С
ȻҲаףҲĻӻ
С֣Ϊ׻񣬵õΪԶԸҺħҺħǧħܹ֮۾ⲻ֪ߵغķʿܿ⣡ħһߣͻȻʼ͡
ߣҪչֳ汾𣿡Цһ


590 ħ
ںħľȻһƤ
ͷűħ޴ƵƤʱҲһħĺȻһʿƤذ·Լϡ
ֹ붼˷θ飬ħȴİõ
һƤһ뵽Ͳһս
Ȼûֻ̬и̬
С֣ҾҪңнڵط֮˿ǧ꣡ħЦ
ֲħʱӿ
ħȻʵɫһ䡣
ħ¶Լʵ֮Ͳŷ֣⺡ħʵͲ̽鵽ĻڣǻڣǾ뻯ԲľҲûжپˡ
С֣Ҫɭ׹Ǽ׵ĺħͬ˵еħһ㣬Ǵ̶Цĵֱë
֪ԼС˺ħˣܹϹŴս֮дܸһ˴۵ħħô׻ܵġ
飡צ͹ȭĶԺš
ħħǿܳңǸֽκη
ͨħѾܹӲ⺡ħ˲ãӵһǼ鱦Ҳ˿·硣
ϣ׻ʽһնںħĲ֮ϣĽȴһۼûп
žħ˫ͬѸһץסһ׻ʽ
С֣Ϊκβһ𣿡ħЦһɭĹצ͵һһԷƶɵľ׻ʽꡱһʱϳڡ
٣ܴѪҺʱС
ۣһѪѪһʱΪһѪӰɢڵϵľ׻ʽ֮С
׻ʽǳƣһ٣һ׽Ҳ޷ʹһҲ޷ԭȵһΪһ׽Ķ̴
пܽ鱦ľ׻ʽȻͱôˣһʱ֮Ҳħǿֲסˡ
Ǻܿ죬ͱע⵽⺡ħȴûץסʱ͹Ķͣһ˫צ߬ţʱʱĻ¶һ˿ʹı顣
͹ħձ׻ʽһ˿壬ʱΪʱ򣡡ˮߴһ
ˮôһѣ͵ԥϵɻ꽣ħʱ֣˫ɱ
ħǰʵһȷǳ͵Ĺƣ⺡ħСеľ׻ʽ̶ȡ
⽣ȻǵĽЩ꾭Ͳϵ˽͵Ȼ֮
⺡ħצ׻ʽҲһ֮ѰԱģնһ׻ʽͬʱħĹצҲ׻ʽƣϵа׸ǽ˿ڷӿ˺ħڡ
ͨа⺡ħҲϣǿΪȻԽһ˿а
⺡ħҲ벻һ׻ʽ֮ϾȻһ˿ԣѾ߱˽鱦ʸ
һǺħҲ޷ڶʱ֮ڽһа׸
ϣһһͬʱ⺡ħĹǼ֮ϣǼ᲻ɴݵĹǼһ˿ѷ첻ϵţת˲亡ħؿڵĹǼ׾ͺȻѡ
죡һֻɫצʱ£ʧȥ˹Ǽ׵ķ⺡ħǽʵʵһơ
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𣡡ͻȻ͵ðĲס˺ħʣµİ塣
飡ħϽɱ֮£촷ۡ
С֣⣬һģһöȭͷСԲӺħ֮зɳиǴ˺ħЦ
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ûˣϷɲǼ䷽Բﶼǻǡ
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飡ֻ͵ӿ˺ħԪ
֮⣡ħЦһ
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ǧĽħȻЩǽħĻǣʵǺħҲֻʣԪ
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һˣҲκεиһ޾ĺ֮һʱĺɫ֡
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С֣Ҳ㣡ħһ
ᦱǳȡ˻ǿܹħԪ벢ĻᦵʵȻһǡ
𼺲ˣħ֪ԼɣҲ͵õһô
ЦһᦣԱ޷
Ȼ䣬ħԪһһöϸֱӴ̴һԲ飬һöϸкħԪͬʱɫĴֱѾ⺡ħԪ극֮С
̣յΨһʶͨʶ룬⾪̴еʿʧأɢ
ʶӰΣںħʱԪ״̬ԲĿһöϸ̴ĳ
ᦳ⺡ħͨıҲֻܹԹԵȴű
С֣ҲŹģѹ֮еĺħĺ
ҷ˻Ǳ㣡ͺһ
նɱ˺ħԪ񣬵Ȼ޷͵ʧ
׻ʽһϣ׽ʧȥãһΪģ


591 Ϣ
ƣҲҪķʹʱ䣬ûʱȥ˷ѡ
ʮɷ󾭴һҲ޷ɣ
ΪϧĿеĶϽһۣĿǰ֮δʲôܹ𻵷ԭĸʦ
Ǿ׻ʽֻǳһЩȱĻа취޲񳹵׶ϳأѾǳû޲أողҲʧˣ
Ȼһٲ˺ħĸ󻼣ȴҲʧȥԼΪҪķһһʧһʱ֮䶼֪κ
ħһƻǺһѾ鱦İ׹ɽȻ͵С
һƻУҲûпʲôߣܹúħƴĶԲǻô򵥡
һ׹ɽȻʹ˼ѷ죬ǲû˵ֻ뵤֮һЩʱձɸԭ
һħ鱦ɲأˮЦЦ
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׹ɽףħʵ̫ͷۣĸҽ׹ɽڵĻûеĵͻᱻħʴΪµ߻ħ
治зֱӶȥˣа׺ͽطħаһ꣬׹ɽһħ£˵
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Ҳûеа׶ħĿĿã۷İԵ𾪣ʹǿǰ㣬۷ǰҲ֧Ųһغϡ
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Խ׹ɽֱӽ֮С
һ׹ɽձȥǿֲħͳ˷
䣡һɼ׵ĽɫĽЩħɣɫڿγһָСвŻ档
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ҵĽ۷֮׹ɽҲʵĸı䡣
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һʿĵѾĪ˵ǽ׻֮ʱĵãԪӤʿûʲôȽۻΪҪˣһǵĴƻʵҲס
ǣһμʹǾݻĺ̨ƻҲ˾ۡ
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ԼĶҪǮһϡ飡ͲЦ
¹ҲǿЦһƻĻҲڷչֵز
ؼһλڲ֪ʲô񾭣ȻԼĵóôȱǮ˰
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һƷʯһϢԣʿһЦ
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һ֮е࣬Ҳǰ˫˭һء
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Σƻƺ뵽ʲôǻǿ򶨡
֮ǰ۱ЩѪ¾һգ⹫ƺû񫣬ذըҲϢסˡ
ͬʮ֮һѩ濹֮ϣǿɾȻᱻЩѪֲϢʵ̫ˡ
ܣ֮пһʿ򣬾㲻УʿҪҲ⣬λᱻţƻʱϾƻʣ˲侲
ָϹͳΪѪ֮еһԱˣңӦ񼶱ѪˣһЦ
˻ڳĽһ뢣ݻ֮ȴųʿ涼ɵҳΪѪ֮еһԱһϢȥ֮бΣ
ܣ֮ǰһϢûյһ֪ġƻҲʼҡˡ
ΪұǴ޾Ѫ֮ɱģȻ䣬ʿѹݻ
𣬱ƻʻСĹȻ׻ˣ
ƻԴγģ·޴һ㡣
Ѫڱϣһ±ᵽƾڣʱϹǿҲܵס񼶱Ѫ֣¶һ˿Цݡ
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ʮ֮һڶ̶̰֮ڱѾǧʿЩʿɢڴƾڵɢޣ񱻴һҲһɲСս
ˣһںʥҲǰء
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ݺݸɱЩѪָƣЩѪֵʵֻԽԽǿڷȥʥҲұ֤Լܹ⣡
Ҳ¹ս¹Ҫĵһ顪סƶ
˵һȻСЩѪֵоٶȣʮ죬ǳؽˣʿһ
һʱ䣬ݶһ֣ķս֮ʱƻʶûиеɱա
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һԷ״󣡡һڵʿϽֳľ޾׵һԷ״֮еѪֶʱ㻯Ϊһؽ̿
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һڵ׷͵˵ܹͿеõۣһԷ״ȷǲף
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˫һȣ·ѪֶʱѿĿռɣռպϣЩѪֱԶʧ
ռ̲ͨס̾һյľȻǼΪĿռͨ
ƾռѷһԪӤʿҪƵߣ
飡弫ȻҲΪȻİӣѪǾ޴֮ϡ
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βϵͷܹ֮ڳˮϵΪֲˮˡ
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֮Ϸ΢Ļ棬һη˾ѪЧͼӰ
ʹ뻹δȫһη˾ѪҲѾڵķѪѾܹٿػ档
˵ĻȻ𣬵ȴ˿֮ϵĻԽЩѪյʣ
˵ҲЩ֮Ϊһˣ༸СһڵѪȻϡҲٻһӣ˲õ츳ͨ
ͶһЩ˽⣬ʵ벻ʹ˵е޻ʲôϵ
ޣѪƻʴ㶵ĿųϵޣѪǰͬ΢һСȴͬһͭǽһ㵲סӿѪ
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ĹȻǰȴΪǿǺѪֶ޷һĹףβϵͷ֮ˮȴԽκѪֻΪһ̲ˮʬ޴棡
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ޣüͷһ
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޷ʥƳƻһۣһΣʧ˹֮С
Сӣܹ׻һǵһμ»ٰɣʥһھͰ͵ϵ׸˳
ԴҲûʲôȵģʥʵ̫ܹ߳࣬ʶαװҲʲôԽܵ顣
Ҳû뵽˽֮УǼϲ֮⣬һͷ弶۷޺ᣡЦ
ʥ¶һ˿Ц⣬ѪһΪԺ飬˳еΪˬ
⼸ͷСһҲֻʱж̣Ǹʱ䣬պض۾һĴڣʥЦ
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Ī֣ʥ˵ӳԼΨһ취®֮һֲֳ߿Цһ
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ϵܹһزҲټˣЦһԥ
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ʥҴһҲʮʷˣаһЦ
͵˵ͷЩǸûʮʷʥȻʥǰ۴󣬵Ҳһ֮أһʥǿһʿ֮ɣеѶȿ²һʥˡ
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ָ̲ҵֻϣҴΣ֮ʱһѣаҡҡͷ
ΣѣѺһ˵ȻѪֻƣǸʿڳۣϾ֮δزܽЩѪֳĨɱͲĿа
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аôһѣҲʶеı
ʿƶȻҪѪ־һս֮ģΪƫƫҪƶ
УҲһɣилʿأλ䵽һŵ³ƾͷ񼶱Ѫƺû
Ϊһڶ֪۱ϢʹڹУ
һŴ֮ѾŰΧ۴ѡⲻˣ
׼Դˣ֮вƸľۼ˭Ҫҧһڡ
ǴһֳǿƣټϻлʿҲĿŵӶᡣ
Ѫ٣Щ̲ʱ۱ҲпЩһֵݵĺϷ㽫ˮѪȫ˴
ƻνɱЩѪ֣սȼڱ˵ս֮Զõѡ
ʿѪ֣ȻҪܹѪ֣õҲһƬƵء
ʱƣĴᱻɺĹϷ֣
֪һ壬ȴòȥΪǲôԴ޷˶ѪֵĹ
Ҳ̲סһȫҪԵͷʣ
ǱƼϷϷҲҪɱϹ֣֪ʱʥѾˣһûΡ
һ׵׳м룬ǿŵļ̺ſֲ
ʥˣа󺺵һ
ˣҲĺˣͱЩˡʥ˻֡
ʥȻǴƳʵ۵ޣһͷʮޣ
Ҳе㲻˼飬ȷǱ߳һͷ弶Ҳܴʮɣ
ܿͺܿ㷢ʥϵ쳣Ϣȳʮ
ϢܹȽģܹԼӳҲûκδۡ
⡶Ϣ궼Ҫڳ˯֮УһܴȵתΪϢӳἱʧʥǳһȦ֯
ʥ֮һʥ˯Ϊ˽Լڵƽֹʧ


594 
ϢܹԪʮڰٱӳ
ʥӵѪģܹ⡶ϢЧӵ¡
Ҳѹִһȴ֪ʥ˵ȫʥ֮˯߶ȹġ
ƻĴͳҲֻǴӴʷ֮е֪ôһͷ޵Ĵڣ˵ۼˡ
ʿõ⡶ϢҲ
Լһ󲿷ʱ䶼ڹϢ״̬κ飬ûмʿԸ
⡶ϢȻܹӳԪǱҲʧȥ˽׵Ļᡣ
⡶ϢеĻԱƽٱٶţ״̬֮£Ī˵ΪֲܹҲѾллˣ
ʥϧԼ˯ҲҪһֱػŴʵ˷ѽ⡣
Ȼ޷ʥ֮һι¡
ʥΪһ仰ĻᣬԸػʮꡣ
ĹϵѾܹ֮ӵеģ֮Żӵе꣡
ʥһۣߵǼСһʶڵѪҲǾҲǽʮĥĶ̸ǰˡ
һϲǽϱ¶֮ɫ
ʥδı棬һͽԼ򵽵Ķȫ̸ǼСһ
ȻǼͷСһ֮Ҳֻа׻ͰʥһϵΪһͷʮ޺ᣬ򵽵ĶóһЩСһˡ
Ҳ֪ǰʥԼʾãΪ˴ʥǽԼѧȫóҲҪסͣһѣ
ƽĶۣʵǲκ͵һ֮С
ݸɰҪҲ޼£첲šȣҲܺʥ࿹⡣
ϵ鷳Ѿˣ壬壬ʥɹˣЩôѺãٵʥĻôһ֮ʵĶˡ
֮ɫļһѾǵ˰˱ӵѪùˣȴͳͳ˸飬˥ҲûôģҲǿ˸ĵһˡ
Ҳæ㣬ĳûԸƾһ֮ݿĵزͿЦһ
ԣֻҪԸ⣬ҴȻУа֮ɫ
ܹһʿֵزΣѵȷǷɷͬһ㡣
ֻҪѪôЩĻʿҲûдɣҴҲҪķѴʯιЩǣʥ˵
ѪͿЦһʥո˵ֻ˵
ѪεȵĿֲ
ƶ֮ۼѪѾǧ򣬶һмͷ񼶱ѪЩѪֲֿĻָһһʱҲҪѾֶβǿܹնɱһͷ
ͷһϣͱͷ񼶱Ѫնɱļʽ϶ࡣ
ϷԶһֻʥһ֮ڿסֻֻһ֮նɱһֻֿɶа˵
ŶͲĿ˰ʥһۡ
һĹʥҪƴˣһ֮ҪĵðʥȥǧԪԪƳ˵ҲһСĿʥпһ㶼ֲˣԪѾľˡ
һ֮նɱһͷ񼶱Ѫ֣˵Ҳʲôܵ飬һȻҪõѹ׵ֶΡ
ʿڳƶۣһϳݣǺǲ롣
ΪԼʲôˣҲ˵ʲôˣҲûΪֵϰߣ֮˵һ㶼ʲô³ʹûκεĹϵҲΪԼҲȥ
ԥ֮ɫаһᣬһһɫС
۾һͻһɫҲһֻɧϡ
һյ汦
ԭΪֻɧϵѾһ֮Ψһһˣû뵽֮лһ飬ɫƷһֻɧ֮ϡ
޼֮аð޼֮óһҪһˡ
͵лһ˿ԥãǻ
ֻҪԸҴһѣҴƱ֮еĶƾѡаԥ˵
Ʊ⣡в¶һ˿档
Ϊ֮ΪеʮĲƸѾһΪֲ֣Щ棬ڴƱ֮е׻Щʲô챦
棿̲סʵ
Ϸԣа˵ͷ
죬ó汾£ͷ񼶱ѪֱƳɣа˵
üͷһ壺ִ̫ˣһµʱ׼
һ£ʥһ㶣ƶĪ˵һ£һܶΣա
ЩνԮһд͵ĽɫͿסƱȻۺ񣬵һĲԴԴϲѪ֡
ģһͷСһæģ͵һЦ
ͷ޻ûж֪ʹҲû֪Щ޵͡
ȻСӵսǿǼݶ֪һͷϾԳͿɲСҡУҺһսܵ˻ûкأҲСӴ˳ս
һᦣԱ֤ƶһ֮ƽ£ͻȻᦡ
һʥ֮жϢ֣ʥһ¶˲˼ɫ
һ֮еĻǺֹǧѾڣټϺħĻǣһȻΪһɱ
ִһħ뢣ĹȴʵڣҲѹʥ˾ˡ
һʵǡʵǡ̫ˣа˰Ҳֻþ˶һᦡ
дΪƶѹ᲻٣͵һЦ
ᦲټ֮ԻΪҲҲ±ϳ
һ£һᦵֵƶ֧һƺҲ⡣
ת˲䣬ƶϿձ󣬺֮вʱл
ʹǿһۣЩʿԼĻǷ·Ҫһ㡣
ѪֽᦵķΧƬ̱ᱻ޾ԩʳƬ
ΨһźıЩѪڲûлһĴڣΪṩµĻǣڵѪҲȫռ
Ҫһ֮󣬲¼֮֮С
ҲааеӵĻ;Բֻŭ͵޴Ϊ
һµʱ䣬ͻʲô˵ı仯ȴԳһ½һ¥
֪ΪΣڤڤ֮;һָоһԼһ¥֮Уõ벻ջ
ĸоҲһһδصĶڣ
׼𣿡ͿߵļСһһۡ
֨СӴ˴ԼؿڣʾѾ׼ˡ
ҲԼǵ˰ɣʱ׼һ
ѰСȫǴ͵ģҲûָԻܹʲôæ


595 
Ҫһ¥ĴţǴͭķԶԶģõе˫޺˫ļǴ򿪸¥ŵԿס
ʵҲѾ֤ҪٶȰͭĲвͨģΨһİ취ǴĽͭܣõе򿪸¥š
鿴ףʵ졣
ӵɫ˵ˢһȻûʲôѶȣǶͭһвͨˡ
͹Ȼܹɫˢߣͭ·Ǻһһ㣬Ƭ̹ļ᲻Ļصͭߡ
;Ҫĺͭһ潻档
ؾСȻܹһͭսƽ֣˵Ī˵ذذڻ£ԸһͷͭҲоųɵİա
ʤıͭ񵽵ֵܵذǻǼҲûеס
죡һĳһֻɫצһͭϡ
ƴһҲ˻޴
䣡Ȼͭ񷴵ڰ·֮оѾɢ·ʲôסһ㡣
ذȻвͨͰ̾һ
һȻ˰ַԭѾǿһ
Ȼذκһͭ
͵һҲΪһսʽҿĻСҡһ䣬˿ѷɫͭľ޴ֳ˫ͭһ
ͭȻ鷳ǹֶȴΪƽеȭš
ǿǶڼС˵㹥ܹܵķΧ֮ڡ
䣡һֻɫȭͷ͵Ĵ˫ͭؿڡ
һȭûб
飡֮ͭͻȻ죡
ͽսдûкһͭ徹Ȼһ˿б
ذδʱʣѾͭڱһڲ
Ӳʵͭļ̶̳ͷԵ̾
ذҲǽͭһСˣ֮ϸ΢˺۶ûг֣ĲʾԲһ֮ӵеġ
ذȻܹͭ񣬵Ҫƻǿ
оһɴһݣذ
һȭУͭڲžžͬһ죬ʹеĲλǳһ˿ݣ
ʮأͲʩչԼұɵĸӲǽһ
䣡˿ֱֲӽͭ飡
֣һɫˢ˫޶ʱС
˫һ˫Ĳ˴ŵĶ֮С
ؿڱͭƺҲѾʧȥж͵˫˫ȭ˺СӲ֮ͭϡ
ʮذͬһʱͭڱѿ
䣡һͭ³ң¶ըƬ
ڳɹˣҲ̲ס̾һ
ʱ˫Ѿ糺һƬȻʲô˲õͨһʩչʮذǿҲеԲ
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ԭΪ¥ʲô˲õĶǴŵıȴǿտҲֻɫǽڣ
ͿЦһԼڴ֮õĶȻҲһշӣ
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ٸӣһ¥ʱ101Ҳȥһ꣬һ¥֮Ѿȥʮꡣ
ζʲôһ൱ʮ꣡
磬ִҲֻһЩŲܵ¶ûгԹʱ֮ʲôо
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󹫣ԪҲΪʱ֮ʹöġ
ﲻӣʱ֮ȫһ˫н
ڳʱͷ֮󣬿Ҳûжʿܹջɡ
촽ͰʥԼһµʱ䣬ȴӵʮµʱ䣬ܶˣ
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ʮ׻ʽʱ֮У
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ƽĶۣʮ׻ʽóȥһ𾪾ݵļƷͻǸоһ׷ɽѾ޷Լˡ
ʮµʱ䣬㹻ʱ䣬ʮ׻ʽһ
ھ׻ʽƪ֮һαıʼǣ׵ķɽһһµĽ˿ڳ׷ɽ
Ҳֻһ룬תҲַɣ


596 ׻
һʿڣĸʿԼıЦ
ת֮ɣɼ֮еΣշǳ
ν֮׻ʽеһֶּΣƳ׻ʽλʿҲȷַǷĿС
һΣʿҲƾ׻ʽʿĪҪ׳ԣ
ǽеľ׻ʽһ𣬽һ׷һһ򽣣
£еĳһӶܳǧӰת˲Բһӵ򱦽ľ
ʱ׻ʽֻʣһ佣꣡
ÿһ׻ʽеĽһ򽣻徳ʿҲնɱ
ΪҪǣ״Ӱ쵽ʹ걻ɢҲͨӣ˵һѾ֮ȱĽˣ
򽣻꣬׻ʽҲǸ롣
Ҫ֪ʹϹʱڣƾ׻ʽĲҲңܹһףοǧ
ǱʿõֻΪ쿪࿴һ۶Լ
ȴͬȥһ֮ǷĿС
ƾ׻ʽǷ񣬶ȱٵĶ
ĲȻϧдṩҲûвϡ
ҵǣռ֮Ķܹɣͻûôʱ䡣
Ͱ֮صģһǽʮ׻ʽ֮еʮֽ⣬ֻһ
׻ʽֽһɲǣһһѪ˳
ʹԼֽ⣬ͻܵ˷ɣ
˿Ҵ⣬еķЩ׻ʽ̺֮Ծס
٣ǽţͱЩδɢ֮ʱʮעµһ֮С
աתصķ˫·ɣ֮һһ뵽һ֮С
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ںһ̣;㻨µʱ䣬ʮ׻ʽںϵһʱǰһ
һƬɫ磬ɽɫĵ绡ɵ磬ɫĵ绡֮лмɫĵ绡֣
ͲĿ׵ΪܼǴطһöźɫƵĽɫ޵룡
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ɫǽڣһǽɫ·͵ξһ㣡
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Ȼףǵһȴɵĺܺãֻ費ϵĽıһ֮У
ת֮мأҪһҲҪ֮ãͽǻ±㽫ɡ
ǿʶͻȻһ棬ĻҲһɺӵء
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һ׻ʽܹ֮ԵĸоԼڵڷӿ뵤֮Уһ׻ʽɡ
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ˣ֪֪ʶԨû˵ʹʶôãְŪĻϰ߻ûһĸı䡣
ĽѲ㳤ر˧ɣ춼չ㣿һʹļ׵ӣǲ֮ɫ
ʲôʲôͲܽص㣿ͼҪˡ
Цˣ˾̫ˣŭĿһۡ
ɫһ٣ûв´ĻһƬʱӦþǾ׻ʽ磬һö޵ĳΣ
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֪ʱˮҲһϲ͵ľ̬ˣǶ͵ĺймʵΨһʽˡ
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˵ʱҲǳӶˣʱҲȥʲôѪ
ұʶжһ˲ͽ͸ͳˣĪ˵ǵξѪˣǾ޵ı߶û
ʩչ֮ǴٳγɣҲʼδġ
׻ʽ֮Ȼ飬ڳ֮ʱΪģҲ׻ʽȥðգ
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׹ɽϾҲǺħķȻǲö˵ˣһ෨ѹѪٺʲˣѹһ¶ЩѪһ̲⽴
ʮʱ䣬ԷӦܹ׹ɽϵħ룬ʣħ͵ΪʱѹһҲûʲô󰭡
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һǱؿ֮ϣܵ洫ĵȣϲ¶һ˿Ц⡣
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ͻʣļԪӤĻʯ˳ƿܣؼʱ̰ЩҲܷӲСá
ЩƻԶϲϱ仯ģͺаǵ͹ЩʿΪԻΪһʧ˭֪һڵʿشͷԪӤĻǣʹûᦴңǿ֧ŵƶ˲㱻ЩѪֹơ
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597 
ЩνԮҲǽͷһĻɫıߴ˾ıߵ
ݸԣϹӶܿóѾΪӣֵѪ֮ʱһѴʿǰơ
ʿȻŭȴܺЩǽͷһǵıǸĸֵסĵطһǺĻǵˡ
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ʹһâԶѪҲܵ˲ѪΪ֮һ٣ǰ˶
ÿֲĽâ
֮оȻ˸֣
оâһţһâǻʿֱʣǴʼûзս֮໯ʿϢ
һʱͽаųˣϼһóĿɲǽǹ
ת˲乫Ժ֮б㽫ݻʿ֮óʿһ飬ûһ˵Ľâӵġ
һɫĽâֲţЩѪֻǴһ˿ҲʱΪ˷ɻҡ
ϵͨѪֵ˺ȷСȴҲûеֿŵĵز
һ֮һ㶡
¹ϵӡǾȻʧһ
ӡǷȫһĽâ͸¹ɵ򲻵ѵʱǧ򲻿ɶá
Ѿصֵز𣿡΢΢̾˿
ʹǵֵزʥаҲûдңûдߴ٣һ±һ£һδǾԲǰ͡
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ǰѪ֣ʱͱһѹ˷ĩ
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׹ɽѹһ׹ɽڿǵͬһɽһСһ̩ɽѹʱͽѪѹĩ
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䣡ͻȻһֻײһ׹ɽ֮ϣ漴ֻѹס˰׹ɽ
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ȻһɲǣѪͻȻɢˣ
ǽ֮ϵʿȻûһ֪һɲǷʲô飬Ǵ̴Ѫֲ֪Ϊʲôԭ򳹵ʧˣ
Ҳǲ˼Ŀͣһɲ֮ȷǸо׹ɽ֮ʲôЩѪ֣ΪҲֻܸ֪Щˡ
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Ͳ׹ɽ֮дһаװˣЩǴ̳ΪѵعߣЩѪȫǴ̴̴ڹǴͨ΢޷֪
䣡׹ɽص£һƬѪֱҳ࣡
ѳǽµѪȫ֮ͿŻ֮ϵȱɱ֣׷ɵģҲֻ׷ŻԻ˴˺
һڣҼˣаһڳһԪӤµʿͻȻ̱ǵĳ֮ʱЩʿȻûϢ
ҪȡǵĻǲһ֮ˡ
ȻЩʿһڵצͷķԸ£ƻᦾԳ֣ʹ׶ҲȻŹ
ƵĿɫ׵Ĺһۣ¶һ˿Цݡ
㰴ͲסһնȥһӵЩʿĻȫΪᦵϣ
ɱ¾ɱ¾֮ĽҲǿֲɷ岻ѣȻ⼸ԣЩɷȫҲζɱ֣
һӵھ湫ˣ⹫ΪǣҲϧ֮һλã
ɵʥ٣ҲζʥµһҲηηβ
˵򹷻ҪˣǹˣҲΪһۣ
Ѫ֮дɱɱɻɵĳʤĪ˵Ͳ֣ЩѪֿһ֮ڶᱻϵĸɫճɻҽ
һ֮;Ȼһ֮Ťתս֣
飡ȻһӰͻȻ͵ıһӡ͵ĺġ
һģһ˶Ѫ֮С
Ѫ֮оȻж͵ϮĴڣ
ʹѪ֮ǰգ״Ǹˬ
ǻ۷ǿߣǵݺΪ⡣
ڵص˲㱻Ѫû
һĻ¹Ķ
ԭˣѪ룬һɫĻΧѪֶʱͱһճ˻ҽ
ʹѪ֣ʿϾǻʿЩֻ֪ɵѪֻеǣͺһ
ͱѪԲͬڵоȻһ˿⣬ֻǻŻӵе⣬ǰѪ֮ûм
¸¸¡Ȼǲߣ˵ĻҲǶ϶ģȴ˶Ϊ֮𾪣ŵöһѼˡ
ЩѪֱѲӵǵĻ񲻸Ѳ
ÿһκѪĿԣĺʹĪһֱð·Ǳʲôһ㡣
۷壬һҡҡͷһֻɫȭͷʱؿڣؿڲλʱͳһȭͷСĶڡ
治ɫצһץ͡
һףͺһ
ٶȺܿ죬ͱ죬δצ£͵˫ȭѾ˫ץס
꣡Ʒֱ۱Ӳĸж
ҰѪȵĸ񶷷·֮ͬеƦåŹһ㣬ÿһȭÿһŶվڳǽϵʿľġ
¹޷Ѫȵĳ棬ˣ
ĶѾʲôһأжȴû˿ĳٶۣͷĶԺ䡣
гڲбױǱצץȻеһĴʹ
飡һȭͷ­֮ʱ֮һԾǯס͵塣
ľҪͼгΣ
һЦһҽһ壬ʱѣ¶Ǳڵصµ


598 ʥ֮
ڵصµľȻһͷЫһĹ
壬Ƿһ磬֮пûʲôЫӵܹ޴̶ֳȡ
׹ɽǵҲĴСһͷЫͷ­ֻ֮ǲһǣһ׿Ƕûйơ
ͨʬ屻֮Ѫʴ֮󣬷󽵵ͣһжܽƿĽͻָȴǱ̬ĸߡ
һͷЫļ׿Ӳ׹ɽҲƣЫѪ֮е࣬ôЫǰļ׿ǾӲĲ񻰣ʹѪ֮˲һȻǼ᲻ɴݣ
һͷЫһĸһ㣬Ϲʱ۰һޣȴΪ֮Ѫʴ³˵ǰ
һͷЫȻǻֲԸ
䣡ͻȻһֻצ£Ы嶼һֻצĽ˵صף
ʥһͷЫͽˣ͵һЦ
ѷģֻԸɣʥСһһ𣬾Ȼ˵ص֮У
ʥڡϢƲܳʱ˶ƴһĻһ֮лû˭ܹס
񼶱ѪָֻԪӤѪ֮ҲͱЫסһʱ䣬徹ȻѾָ߰˰ˣ۶ϵֱ۶Ѿ³ˡ
Ϳ壺ҵҪ㸴ԭ컹ҲĿ죡
ͽһţͬһֱ֧ײ棬˫ȭʮذ˲䱬ѿ
飡
飡

ڿвϵŤţʮذͭ޷ֵοѪ֣ڲѵ˺ɱⲿƿҪǿĶࡣ
˫ȭʮذǿȫ¶һ̲ˣ
Ŷǻ񼶱ģܶͿŽ°壬ڵ䶯Цһ
䣡һ£ԴĻ֮»Ϊ˻ҽ
ѪȻȲĸߵģҲջͽڵѪ˴֮С
ĸϹֱʵ˲ֹһΣʰҲҪķѶ
ͷ񼶱ѪѾһͷһͷЫʥסôͷ
𣿡ͿޱߵѪһۣʣµͷ񼶱ѪƺҲӵǣұȱնɱ滹Ҫһ
ʶ͵ʵܹʱ򣬵ͳƾЩѪ
͸ܵص֮µüͷһɫĹâһֱӶ˵صס
Ȼʣͷ񼶱Ѫֲô˵ʲôҲܷŹһͷЫˡ
ʥҲֻһս֮ʱͷ񼶱ѪһӵϵģҲΣա
ֻڣͿŵص׵ʯһ޴ͨͨ˵ġ
޾ޣֱҪֻϹľƾԼǿͲҪʩչκεͨص׾Ϳȥ硣
ʥϢˣüͷһ壬ٲֿ˼֡
ͷӴ󣬵ٶ֮ȴʹǵصҲҪ񱼲ǿܹǡ
ʥġϢʱʵ̫ã㶯һ¶ҪķѴԪ
ͣڵľ׻ʽͻȻɳƬ֮׻ʽص͵У֮Ѿһ˿īɫѪҺ
īɫѪҺȻǰʥģһͷЫģǧ֮ն˾Ыһֻʧȥһ֮ЫнٶԼ˲١
ʥϵϢҲԽԽ;ЫԶҪѣЫҲ֪ǺӲļ׿ټϿֲĻָʥȫʢʱҲδʤһͷЫ
֮ǿ˾׻ʽĻһͷЫҲֻܸɵˡ
׷֮ʱʥѾѪ죬ǰѾжϣ
ЫҲùϵļ׿Ѿʥ飬¶īɫѪ⡣
죬ɱʥþץסһͷЫ䲻ܶ
ұʹһ׻ʽ˳Űʥļ׿ֱӴ˾Ы֮У޴ĵ
ھ׻ʽ֮еаײϵЫڱѣ
죡ֻɫץס˾Ы塣
꣡ЫӴͿֲ֮Ӳı˺룡
ɣһɫĻ˳ֻצӵ˾Ы֮ϡ
ʹһ
һ͵ǰͻȻһռѷ죬ֱӽЫʬֳɼ鶪˲ͬĿռѷ֮С
ѪǿֲĻָǷЩʬ岻ܵĻѱЫָӵռѷ֮Ҳһ˰ˡ
ΨһеϧıǾЫһöѪ޷õˣѪ˵ƷʱȻһ֮ϡ
ͻعע⵽ʥʱѾʼӲ˫۵ͫҲѾɢ
ǿʥ˵ûûˣһʱ֮Ҳ
һǰʥƴһ͵ʵҪնɱһͷЫ˵췽ҹ̷
һսĹͣѾȥİʥ
ʥʬ֣صպ֮Ͳʩչ֮뿪˵صס
Ͱʥص׵ʱͷѪƺǷвǵѾ٣Ȼ
ȻһйаʿսҲֻаһˡ
аʵڻʿ֮ƽƽ棬ڹˮ£γ˶һľ棬غаͱͷѪնȥͷ­ݳԪҲ׼õĹɢˣа
ͶŻʶ֮ڵʿЦһ
ͷ񼶱Ѫڿ˲䣬ͱӰ
ɣɲҰĵط͹Ű˳Ƶߺһ
ͷѪֻ࿴һۣȻͬ˵һȥˡ
ͷѪֵȻҪһأѾܹԼеʧ
ת˲䣬׵ͷѪ֣ͷѪ˷ɻңֻѪˡ
ϼЦһѪ֣һҪǲѴ֮
ڣͷȻǻڵǿߡ
үүЦ
һĺܺãаϹվˣܹЦ
δЦ꣬һֻצѾסĲӣ
ܵͨ죬˼ĿŲ֪ʱͣ
ܵ𣿡һЦ
飡ܵʱѣһ˿Ԫ񶼱ͳ֮С
޼壬
飡⹫δ˵꣬ԪѾ֮С
ʯ֮䣬ʿȻ
ҲͰˣϾֻһ½ʿ⹫ܿɲһǳѾãҸǻڵΪȴͬһˣ
ѵҲҪҶ𣿡Ŀһλʿ
ʼգͶûһʿ֣
ղʵоɵһЦ


599 
͹һֵľȻʥʮ֮һĽɣ
նɱһڵĹܺ͹𣬽ûһ˿ķŭз֮⡣
һڲʥ֮ʱعʥִˣʥѾһڻ֪ͼʥƽƽʵ޲ɼ
ͽһǰʿһɾҲʡǵ顣
һˣʹ̸ĺѣҲпʱ㱳ͱһ
ѵ֮ʵǸһצһĲϲˡЦ
ʮɣһǾԶ֪֮ϻһ˻Ļ֮󣬶Ǽɵ
͵һЦֹΪʮ֮һɢܹ֮ƽƽ
ѴԲӣʥһ֣ĸɺһ
һ£е˶Ǳտڲ̸һʵһ飬ҪôҶҪôǳĬ
Īʣ֪̫ûκκô΢΢̾˿
Ȼݱ¶ҲٲҴˣͿһ۳Ѫ֣еľ׻ʽֶɲǼ֮бʮ׻ʽ
Խ겼ɲǼЩѪ޴Ӷݡ
׵һʱŽеѪ֮ҲǧƷʲһѪˡ
ֶ֮ͨʵ̾Ϊֹ̾
һս˵ԪˣʥްʥսҲǻɢպͲֵܵסЩĲǡ
ͽʥʬ彻ƻ֮ʱߵĽޱȲĿ͡
ʥ弶۷壬һ鶫Ƴ˲õķ;ȻǷֺʥʬõĹ黹˴ıģȻԼ޷
ƻʿŰʥʬһʱ֮䱯ʹĪ
Ϳ¹һֻۣͷϵöѾȫʧ
֮ǰӦ㣬£һػƶѾڶʲôͿ¹
¹ҡҡͷϵǰǰΪҴѾˣ¸мͷǰˣ
˾нҲֻҡҡͷ
ʹӴ֮ͳط񣬽ط֮дʮӡǡ
ʩչΣһʩչԲʮ֮ڻ¾ط֮뿪ƶ
ʧȥ˰ʥа֮⣬Ա͸ǴҲֻϣܹȹһ
⼸Ҳޱķ飬뿪ƶ֮֮Уɾͬһֻƨһһֱ͵ߡ
ʩչֶܱ׷ϣƫƫûʲôҪӺ˼һʱҲֲܴܲޱȵơ
֣ˣ㵽ΪΣɬʵ
֮˲֪ٱˣɽÿֻ΢΢һЦûˣ
һνɵķӦȴͬ
ǿһۣӴ֮óһʯ̣
ͼһʯ֮ʱ׻һʱ侹Ȼ
еʯ̾Ȼϵõһ鼫ΪƣΨһûʮСףֻһεİۡ
һʱ֮Ͷ֪ɴʲô⡣
еһʯ̲ȫֻһ룬ֻеʯ̼Ķ֮ʱŻᷢӦеã˵
εãƺµʲôǻ̲ס˳
ؾһһٵ˵
üͷһһʯ̾ȻؾϹϵ
ʮö׽ָſͼ¼˽֪ؾҪſͼ¼ȴ֪оſͼ¼Ҫʮö׽ָϣɵ˵
ʮö׽ָʮָѾ˶ۣʮö׽ָȻָӵеʮöָˡ
ͲһԲһۣ֪һЩʲô
ǽʿҲԸ⿿꾣ÿζǺ꾱һϵľ룬մȾϵĶء
ʲôϵüͷһ塣
кܴĹϵϲһͼ¼ö׽ָаʯ̣ЩǴؾزٵģɵ߰˼֣˿±̸֮ݡ
ؾȻʥ֮Ϲ֮󣬴ؾرʧʥʮŵȵ롣
Ϊһʯ̣ǾҪ˴һ
ǣɫ䣬֮ûһ˿һΡ
ʥϧΪĽǲκ˷õһʯ̣
ʯѾ͵Уټеö׽ָһͼ¼͵þ쳣Ҫ
ʥһʯ̺ؾڣŴͼ¼ͽȫĺ׽ָ
߿˵ǴһԵȵĵλ˭޷ѹ˭
͵ļԸıһƽ⣬еԴں˻֮ʱռȻ
Ҳϵһ㣬ǲȡ׷ɱͣϧ֣ȴ˾ɥûռˣɫҲûŪ֣ΪҪǣϵһ˿Ҳɢʧȥ׷
˵ǿӲֶȣʥȡǻߣȫҪһ
ԲҲ˵ĸΪȡ֮Ĺϵ
˺ͻԹѾã֮Ѿûʲô̸أʥ͵ĹϵȻҲ˵ѺãҲûʲôԹ
ؾʥһͨӣǶ˵ȴûôҪ
һͨȻأǻ޸Ŀܣ֮Ͳļдѵʱ䣬ȫ
𣿡͵һЦ
ǣǻֵʱ俼ǣʮֻ꣬ʮʱ䣬ʮ֮ǷԸ⣬һὫҪĶõ֣ɵҲޱȵǿӲ
ôתǵѣʮ֮ڲҪɧңͺһ
һ٣˵ͷҾ֪һסģ
ʼ򣺡ʲô֪Ҳʲôû
뿪֮͵ɫʱûоܾΪͲҾܾΧȻв¶ʮʿǱţֻҪ͸˵һ֣͸ұ֤Լʬ
ԼÿһθĵƺܵɵӰ죬ڲ֪֮Ѿ˽Ԥĵ·н
ؾʥĵߣ˭ԽߣʥŹ
ۺʹõӣ
֮ǰʥݷΪʱδؾĶʥѾ̲ȥˡ
Ҳ벻ǣʥ˾ȻΪؾһһ
ɽͼ֮ǿհ׵һ֮зʲôˣ


600 ׷
ʮ꣬Ӧñʥ˵ĵˡ
ʮ꣬˵㹻ˣʮȫ֮ĻǾʱ䣬ͻܹ׻Ҳһ
ӵʱһ֮ͷԼõʱǵû࣬Ǽˡ
ԼΪѹƵ֮ͱͶԥһС֮С
ѡһɵĿһܼ򵥣徲һΪɣй󷨵ĵ伮٣ȻнһЩΪģҲĿǰҪġ
ΪƽڣɹģҲйоأҲٶˣԥ֮Ҳһ۵ɡ
ƽ֮вûʲôԺԺ֣֮еĵÿµõʯһģҪøԴֻжΪ¡
޲󷨣ԣɵԽõıҲԽࡣ
ƽԴǰԥ޲󷨣Ժԥݸ֮ĹϵҲѺá
͹ʵ̫ˣûʲôˮ̣Ҳƽڵ鷳
ͨÿֻܵõʮƷʯû͵Ķࡣ
֪óƷʯ¸Ǹյӵʿ֮ʱͻ¶ֱˡ
Ʒʯ൱ǰٺˣɵӲŻ᲻Ӧ
Ǽʮʯ͵ǲںƽڵĿҲΪѧϰ󷨻ˡ
쳵ЧԶԶȲרҵʦ̵
һ֮ϵȷҲûʲô츳Ȳ˴ˡ
ƽڷٺʱΪĿţȡʯʱȴʨӴ󿪿ڣؾÿʱ뽻ʮƷʯ¼ҪƷʯ
ƽڵٺƽڵĵﻹǮؾ飿
꾺嶾Ǳʹ򷢻ضȥˣҲʾҪƽڣǿǵǹŹֵƢ꾻ûдϼ죬ƽھԶʧˡ
ƽΪߵҲǽᵤڣɢһЩزЩͨʿܹܵġ
ҲѧˣӦò⡣
Ȼ֮ϵȷûʲô츳ܲ׾ʱ٣ʹͨʿʮʱ󷨣ĽȻ˵ǾˣҲǱȽѸ͵ˡ
ְڳʯܲóһԻʿסһӡ
ҲǶ󷨣ͻûŵ
ѯʴҶʱϼһǻĳĸ֮ͣøԶҪ̤ʵأֻеȽ׽ᵤ֮п󷨡
ÿαҶô˵ʱҲڲֹͣţͱҶ䶼ҪһңΪҲͻ˽ᵤڣԻʿΪΪλ֮ѣ
ʳģǸô˵ĻǱ˵ɷˡ
ƽڵ൱ķζѧϰ󷨾ѧϰ󷨣ƵǣԼƽѧҲһˣ󷨵ı߶û
ǺͬڽƽڵһСѾͷѧϰ󷨾Ÿ֮ѾݳһԼ׼󷨣ͱΪҵӣϼӽ̵
СѾͷƺǽ׷һܹ֣ĸĸ֡
Ͷ׷ֵԹҲΪĽ׷ϵ츳Ų㣬Ѿܹݳ׼󷨣ûʿѧ˼궼ֻܶϻƣ˵ȥҪˡ
Ȼ׷Ϊ״ӣ֮ǰƽڻǰһͨӶԴ
׷ڶﲻĻһҲһٶԪ׼ѾļˣҪҲûʲôá
ǲǸСѾͷ׼ݳģвͷ֮ôҲ֮ȥ
һʿҪȴһδСѾͷƤٺҲе㲻˼
ҿԸҩͲˣӦǽˣвϰοԼ
ǵһοɱϵ;Ȼ˾һ档
ˣɣһ𣡡һҧɷ׷
δͿ׷͸оǹɾ˵ɷ
׷ȻߣҲֻһʮҵĺӣܹ˿ֲɷһʯ治ҳˣ
ЦˣЦˣܲˣ֮еҲ̲סЦ˳
׼̰ȫҪɱ׷
Ըͻʿһܣаһֹĸоܡ
˫գ۲գĿѩѩʯʱʱĿһۣ˱ֹķΧһʱ䡣
Ǹҡ롭֧֧Ҳû˵һĻ
ҪʲôҸ㣬ҿɲ㣡׷ӵĿͣһ۱ܿܺ͡
˵ڲűȽϺãʵǿ˿ڣֱס
Сãܲܽ̽Ҫβ󷨣ͻȻ˳
ô˵ͺ޲һͺ¿ƺǻڹСŮһ㡣
Ŷ˵԰׷ҰҰ˼۾
ò˵Сӵ˼ǱȽϴ࣬벻ô顣
Ȱһ󷨸ҿ׷ҡһͱһСʦʼָ͡
һԼС꣬ΪԼεСŮָֻŵģеֹŹֵĸоԽԽŨ
ԲԣֻǰͼϰڳģͲԼݵģ͵δȫŪãͱ׷ֹסˡ
ôԣԼݳġһ㶣ҴƱԼݳġ
㶼ǰͼģڴλã׷۵СֲڵϰŪţһյĹͰŪһ󷨱㱻׷ȫˣҺƻһģһ
ΣСѾͷֻʮꣿͲڹȥΪ˳ӣһΪ󷨣ȴ׷
Ѿͷѵϵţ뵽
óǡ֮صһ󷨣Ψһñڳɵ֮ʱҩƷס
Ҳֻ֪׷ͨһ󷨱㽫󷨲ȫһ㲻ò
˰ɣһ̲ˣСѾͷʮʱ䣬ӦܹΪᵤˣʱ޲󷨲ǸáֻĿ͡
㾡ǳһЩ⣡̲ס˷ۣ޲ͨɲһᵤʿܹ쵽飬ҲСˮ
׷Ū˼£󷨵һ䣬͵֪ʶҲеıͨ
󷨺棬ǲģ׷ʵ
Ѿͷˣ̲סԴ׷֮ϱֳ츳Խǿ󣬶͵ĴҲԽ
ϧˣûʯеĻһһǲģ׷į֮ɫ·ûеõİߵĺǰ㣡


601 вŶ
ʵĲ̣ó˼ʯ˵ϡ
ǸУ׷̵İŪżʯ
⼸ʯͬӵһ㣬Сѩ·ɣ;;˺֮Ĳ໹治һĴ
ҲһյĹ׷Ѿⵤҩ״˳ֻ轫ҩм䣬ⵤҩἳȡʯ֮еס
ĿԣĿԣ׷۾гһˣ·𿴵ʯ֡
ƷƷ֮ļ۸ֻ赹һ£еǴпͼ
׷ȻףʯһȴСС;Ͷ׬ȡʯˣʮʱżûء
׷󷨵ҪʲôҲֻݶ󷨣Ī˵󷨣׼󷨶޷ݳͿЦһһСŮǰʻҪĪ
׷ͷһ᣺оɣŸоߣ
оɫ쳣ĹŹ֡
飡ͲŲһʯ˲ŲļʯըƬ
׳հİ׳հҲˣЦˣ˿ע֮Ц÷ȥӶЦˡ
ЦɣЦɣȻ޵ʱ򣡡ж񶾵뵽
׷ǼʯƬˣĸʯˣ׽⣬ԭΪ̵ʯһ£˭֪׳һŪֻʣ¼ʯƬˡ
СҲ⣬׷⼸ʯƬܵȥҲһᡣ
׷˽ʡҲ֮ʱԵˮˣһʯ޲÷ֳɼá
Դӵõ֮ƺûΪʯǹ
󷨣Ҹʯÿʮ飡Ц˵
ʮ飿׷𾪵Ŀ͡
һ㶣ϾҲһʿÿʮʯѧѵȷǶԲԼ
ǾͶʮɣԴ
ãոһ㲻㣬ʮʯ׷ϳ
һСԣεҡҡͷֱӰѴ
һǧʯҰɡ͵Ц
˵ʵһһͣͶԼ֮ϵ츳ʵûʲôġ
ĶۣͲ˭֪ôҪ׷űȽϣԱŹ֡
˱˵Ȼӣûʵûʲôõóֵġ
ٺ٣ҪüʮʯأǮҲʡˣӦݳһµˣ׷ϲ̵˵
ǲࡣ׷õʯĵһӦ󷨣͵ĵһӦǷŽ֮С
ʦܣ׷ϵ֮󣬳ͻ˻֡
һʦܲûаһ־Ȼһʮгʦܣͷ󣬺ͷͷܴ
ò˵׷֮ϵ츳ȷǺıݳһЩϡŹֵ󷨡
ⶫȷҲ棬ڷŵλвЧȫһˡ
׷Сһݾʱͻ룬ת˴һ󷨷Χ֮ھȻۼһ˿ʹͻڵΪȻܹǿмȡʩչͨʱȴֻʮ֮һ
ɲˣôһ׷Ļ֮ʱ˭
һ󷨱㱻Ϊɢ׷ͼӡʱȥһЩ̺죬ɢŪһ㣬ԼպҲ˵ĺô
ܷƳһ󷨣ܹɢķΧ֮Ҳɾۼʱ׷ǰһ
ôû뵽һ㣬ʦһţ׷ֺǺǵЦ
ţͿЦһ׷ǰĸʿԳŵģҲһֱ
ͣⱲӿ¶Ҫ׷Ӱ֮ˡ
ȻЩ׷Ľ̵֮£Ѿܹ󷨣һֱ׷һ׷֮ĲǵûСԽԽ
һǰ׷Ѿݳһļ󷨣Ҳһ󷨸˳
һļϽ󷨣˵ļ֮ҲûжٷܹԽ
һʩչԲʮ֮ڳֳʿ֮⣬ʿ붯һ˿
׷ڵΪݳļʷ϶ǿٵͷһء
͵ĸ룬׷ûչ¶Ҳֻ˵ԼѾܹݳʮ׼󷨡
ÿͶ׷ʯʯԭļʮ飬飬׷ݵԽԽ߼ķѵʯҲԽԽš
󷨺һҲʯеҲֻнʯѴѵ˦ȥպŻлر
͵׷ҲԽˮ飬ȻмСȸߣǸͻഺɰԵĸҲԽԽءͻ֮Ѿ͵ʯˡ
׷Ҳ͵ĻʲôʲôҲʾ֭ȥ
һһЩССĸУѹեͯĸо
׷ߵ֮˾Ͳˡ
׷ȻôȴƯƽ֮ҲвٵİĽߣĶӻҲ׷е˼
µʾ֮£ȻǷ׷׷
׷Ȼ״ӣȴ񶼲棬춼һ󷨡
ϵΪȻôǼʶȴԶ׷ܹȣһЩĵӣЩܱ׷ʵ֮С
ʵĵȻû׸Ӻǲˬ
ǹǵ׷ƽڻе飬ͰӸˡ
һ꣬ûд֮еõһʯȻҲָ⼸ʯܸʲô飬⼸׷ʯƽˡ
ջӵӵֶΣֱ˵ģĶֱ֣֡
ϧ˶֪֮澹ȻҪսͣ˾ԶϽƽڡ
Ϣ֮ҲǿЦãʿʵûȤһʿֻ֣Ӭʵ̫ˣ׷Ҳ㣬⼸춼ܺ̽󷨡
һӻûطأ⻨ԼײǹˣȻҲֵк
ΪƽƽϵҲƽƽ۱ʲôͶˣ
ȴ͹Ըӵ޳̶ܳȣĿȻļ󷨣
ƽʺĵطļ󷨣ҵίĽָˣܲݳļ󷨣Ǳɣοͻݲļ󷨡
ǲ׼һԸӣΨ²ң͵Ķɿ
Ͱһۣô𣿡
㽲𣿡·ʵ
Ҫ𣿡Ц
ǵǣ˭ȭͷ˭еΪȻĵ˵ͷ
֪ͺãͺһ
˵˵ȥҪһԸӰº˵
˭˵ģвư͸̾һ
µ˷ۣһԱߵĸǵǵ˰˱ӵѪùˣ


602 
ףһһҪСӲú֪һ׵Ů˿ɲ˭մǵģ
ƽ֮УЦĿе󷨡
ƽڲһɣƷܹ֪Ȼ˲ˣļ󷨸ͲЩεʿܹõóġ
˭Ҳ벻ƽھȻӵһļ󷨣һһļƽ׵󷨣ļ֮Ҳټˡ
󷨵Ʒ׺ʿΪӦÿһַ֮Ϊ߸ΣȻϣɵ͵ߣϽ׵Ϊǿ
ƽӵеļƽ׵ɱĵȼȻȲ׷óһܹΧĽϴǰļ֮Ҳ㺱ˡ
һƽھȻӵһļ󷨣֪һҲΪȡ
⻨׸ΪأΧȻҲһЩܹʶ̽󷨣Щʿ˵һЦ
ʶһɨƽκεķˮݶļ֮С
ɱ𣿵е˼ҪƾɱңԶԶһ
⻨׸ȻҪ֮ˣ͵Ϊֳͬǰ㣬һļǡ
Ϸһ˸ڿиֻ֣⼸ڿвš
ɲǼ仪һ⼸۳ɳ˷䣬ɢƽΧ
׷ĻȻܹϳһݳĽϴ
;ȻĵԲһСĿҲֻĻʿпˡ
ƽڶһϴУֻҪԸ⣬ƽھͲһ˿
ԸһССƽڰˣбҪô𣿡¿ʦڲ˷ۡ
͵ʵҪƽҲһƵˣȴѾ˼»벻ġ
ҪɱһԸǺܼ򵥣Ҳ֪΢΢һЦ
УΪһ뷹ɣ²мĺһ
һ㶣ʲô
׷ºһ
ûɵķƢҲǿЦã»ıȴûֳȣ·һƢĴСһ㡣
֮ͨ¾ԲٵˣϵҪڶʱ֮ڴﵽ޲ͨˮƽܡ̾˿
ûнɵʮ֮Լʹһһѧϰʮܷ֮ﵽ̶ֳȻδ֪
ǿﵽ޲ͨʸ޲ҲһΪʱ飬ʮʱԶԶ
ʲôð취ʵ
һ뷹£û˵
ͳ˼һᣬ׷ϵ츳ȷ޲ͨҲʲôܵ顣
׷ڵΪΪһʯ
޲ͨҪĵĲϾһ֣¶Ϊ޷е˴ֻ׷Ͳ
а취طඥһһ˵
ඥһ
ඥһطȻİܹ͵ҵһľͨ
һʿΪǿйעһϣܹڶʱ֮һ˵Ϊ
ǷڵĲۣ֮ǱĦϼҲûеõһطĴڡ
͡䡷һඥĦĵˣһĦʲôɻѣʩչһǿһ֮Ϊ
߻֮δز׷Ϊʿ˵
Һ߻ƺ̫ˣͳһ
ඥܹڶʱһǿʿǶʩչһʿ˵ȴаٺһһʩչʩ߱ʧȥе᳹ױΪһ鷲ˣҲ
˴ƣʹĦ֮Ҳʿʩչඥһ
ԣûڻѪһ壡Ҫ֪ѾһȺˣЦ
ͺʿĲǳǻ֮⣬ڻѪһҲֻѪ֮ʿյ
ҲȾ󲿷ֵҪǿһΪǰҲҪǸ߰ͷ­
ܹʱΪѪͼʹһʱ֮ʧȥڵʵҲ½һˡ
ôһѣҲ֪еĲ𣬶ඥһҲһİա
ֻҪõඥһɣĦΪݷ䣬Ȼַ
òһĦˣͰ̾һ
ĦϾйԼպؾ֮ʱҲУĦඥ֮ƺҲûʲôѶȡ
Ψһʣµ׷ˣȫ֪׷ǷԸ׷ڵΪڵĽȻ޷סඥĳҲ취ؿ׷Ľ
ĵ¿ȫ죬׷ѾͷͿ˵ǼΪ׷˵ǰһһԾΪ֮ϵĻʿݶ֮˵Ļûĸʿܾ
׷ʻԽᵤǽӤǾ޷׻ʹ˾ٹȻ׷ɣ׷Ҳȷȷܵ˺ôһĺô
գƽ֮ǰеĵӶϡ
ƽڵĵӶĿųеˣһ֮ӻף˵Ǽǧ谮һƽ֮Ҳ쵱ĴһλȴǼ׷ֶ֮
Ȼĵλȴվ̨֮ϣԵȻҲƽΪó󷨡
СӣүŮ˿ɲģЦһ˵㿴һϷ׷һۡ
޳ܣаһһԸӾȻ׷˽ƣʱ׷ܶ
ʼһ£һĻ
װģ̨ҵ㣬һʯ
һвǻεİˣܹйŹֵһֻˣ˼֮ӣҲơ
ļƽɱΪĶӣ¾Ȼ󷨶óˣ̨ϵĻߣ˱ƽڵ̫ϳϣΪڽᵤڡ
ɱ˵ƽѹ׵Ķˣλ̨ϳֱҡͷ
ɣһâȻ֮߸ҫ۵£嶼ߵ֡
ɣһ
û뵽ǣߵڿ͵һɲͻȻʧƽȫޣ
ɱ󲻹һļƽ׵󷨣ͲƽΧȴһļϽ׵Ľϴȫǽɱѹġ
û֧֣һɱҲһѷ
ͣȻ䣬⻨׵ͬһйƤһ㣬ѸٵıȥһϢĹ򣬻׵ͱһѷĩʱ֪һ磬һѷĩɢʧ֮䣡


603 
һз˵ͻȻ̨ϵĻºλ̨ϳ϶ûзӦ
ʶ鲻õУ׵ʬѾһɢˣĪ˵һᵤʿǻʿҲûа취׵ʬ帴ԭˡ
ûѣᵤڵѹޱͷųҪʬΣ
֣Աߵλ̫ϳϺһȻ»Ҫǿѹʱѹ˹ȥµѹˡ
´ŭʱͷϣ̫ϳҲӣһ˴ͻȻ֡
죡λ̫ϳһǻµıǴһϹż֮еƽն׶á
ջ¼ȻѾǲݵľ档
λ̫ϳȻԻΪеЩŭΪһĵӺͻͻȻǲǵģλ̫ϳ֣Թۣ
죡оâһΪȻܹĲ֮
˺ñƽƳģǻ´ĳż֮еġ
ϧˣĺñȻϣͰ̾һ
챻˵Ǳɳ
ҪеĻһҡ֮оȻ˻꣬곯һ
Сģ׷̲ס˳
УһҪЩꡣ
ʿܹӣЦһҪʹң
ڻҡһɲǣ֮һըף
µһըУʬ޴棡
ϷԵһĻڳʿɵˣ
λ̫ϳɵ㶵ĿգһըеĻʬǶûʣ£
ҲװһãȻӣµؿڡ
ڻµ֮еĻҲȻʧˡ
һըʱһϢʱ䣬֮еĻ͵壬ͱֳڵΪǱɣ
ˣƽڵĵӸǲԼһĻ
ǰҡ֮ǻ棬ǿһ˾Ȼôˣ
Ȼвƣ֮е̲סЦ˳
ǰĻΪǿд߶ɱ󣬶һѷĩ⻨¸⵽Ǵ˵ɺϣǶƲȴû˻ỳɵ͵
˷Ѿ˼ΪҲֻǲ׷֪Լɱ˵һ档
ƽʧȥһᵤʿ˵һ޴Ĵкܶ鶼Ҫ˺ܿͱ
ºλ̫ϳҲҹͣ͵ΪλᱻСʲô⣬ҲͲ֮ˡ
ƽæµһѾûʲôϵˣڻĵڶ;ʹ׷뿪ƽڡ
ƽȴûһ˷ˣ
֮û˷һ׷ƽڵ֮Ůλ̫ϳ϶ʱ̹עţʧˣƽôһ㷴ӦûУ
ԭΪƽ¶ǵͺ׷ˡ
Щ˶Ĩȥ⼸ļ䣬ǵļ仹֮ͣǰ
ͬһʱĨȥô˵ļɲһ򵥵飬Ƕ˵ȴ֪ɡ
׷ڵ֪Ҫ뿪ƽڵʱûһ˿ԥʾԸһ뿪
ͱ¶ԼΪʱ׷̲סһ
Щദ׷Ҳ֪;ֳǰͨǱĵʯͲһСĿˣһڵʿǾòôʯġ
׷ͶԶҲһᵤʿҲû뵽Լദ֮һʿ
Ϻ츳֮Ҳδܹȵ㣡˵
ܹõһʿ׷Ǽ
ҲһҪİΪ԰ﵽңʮ֮뽫ΪڣɫصĿ׷
ʮ껯׷ԼĶˡ
жԪӤʿһϣܹΪԪӤʿĸǾ֮Щ˺ķǧ֮δܹ׻׷οڶ̶ʮ֮ڽ׻ء
ඥ֮Ͳûж˵һ·Ҳֻóֵҩ׷ʳ
ЩҩΪòһеؿеǿ;еǿʶеǿ
Ҫıǽ׷һԼǿ
֮еඥ֮Ȼǽһʿǿ񾳽⻹ǰδеս
еĽϴҲǱ׷ĽҲԽԽ࣬һļ弶󷨹ȵơ
ʱĥһ˻죬һ˴첢ô򵥣澹ȻһĪĽƸӡסˡ
׷һϵΪ⾹ȻҲ޷ݳǺνơ
׷Ѿݳļ󷨣޷ݳƱǸΪ߼󷨣п弶󷨣
һ˿ƽƽĻ澹Ȼ˸Ľƣ;һ
ĽԽǸһ˻Խ
£Ĵ𣿡̲סʵ
ܹʿʩչǿĽƵķȻǵ֮͹Ҳ鱦ķ
ڸӦһΪóĻ飬ͲŻ¡
ȴҡҡͷͰ˻ĻϵĽƲ֮ͬи͸оκϢ
µķ񶨣Ҳһգһ鱦ĻеôһĻ۹⻹Ŀϡ
תһ룬֮ͨϻ᲼ǿĽ
Ȼ׷޷ݳôɴǿƿ
ƵʩչֹϵĽȴ˿
Ʋ򵥰ͿЦһ
ҲΪȻĵ˵ͷͽʱյҶ޷ƿһƣɼһֹǿ
ٰ㳢޹֮Ͳò찲֮С
ȻһƸ˴󲿷ֵۼϵȴҲɹ֮ǳһ˻ת֮Ȼת˴Ļϵ˳ĳ͵֮С
˾ĻϵֱԺͻɹ֮ɢ࿹⣡
ʹֻһ㹦ãֵҲǲɹ
ʹ׷֮ʱ˲о˼ǿʶԼ
Ǵ粽룡һ
Ȼɱ֤κɧͣǱҪļȴ١
⼸ʶ֮ͻлԼˣ
üͷ
ԼȻǬ˫֮仹ž޴Ĳ࣬һκϵĻԼûаܹѡ
ȻûʲôҪΪ͵˼ʶֻͣһϢʱ䣬ʧˡ
һʶ̽δûоĳɷڣʥ˶ϣؼʱˣʲôֶΣ֦
Χʿļͺһ׷ֱŵأ


604 Ѫ޳
һȣŵ˺ܶࡣ
ŵأݺķˣѪ֮ŵػ˶ķףĦһս֮ҲǷ˼á
ܹԵĸоŵΧķѾ˲٣ķȻ̶̵֮ĵֵزĦ֮⣬֮κܹ˶ķ
Ѫһ¶ĦµĴҲС΢΢̾˿
׷š֡һʹĻ䡣
ţüͷһ壬һâһֻѪɫӱ㱻âᴩض֮ϡ
һֻȻҲ֮ܵѪʴʹѪѾƽϢǻǻ©֮㡣
ΪˣȵѪÿ֮ʱĻһжѾˡ
ӷʩǿΪһͺ׷ǰһüĿɮˡ
ȴǾĺ׷Լ
ɮȻ⻤壬ȴܸоǿķȴһɹѪһޣ
ǰɮȻҲǱ֮ѪʴȴƾǿΪѹ֮Ѫû˶ʧȥǡ
֮ѪҲ׻֮ǰɮ˷ǿǻûеܹ֮Ѫĵز쳤ؾã֮ѪȻΪɮ˵һ֡
ɮƺ͵ľ赭һЦƺܼɵƶɮ
׷Զһ㣡һ׷ıһ׷˲Ϣ֮˰֮⡣
׷ͻ񼶱ѹޱѹɮˡ
ɮҲ¶һ˿ȣѹϹ˿أ治ʡ͵ĵƣ
Ϲһ㶡
Ѫ޳һݵĺ֮㣡ɮ˴Цһֳһѿľ
֮гõķǷͽħ֮ģõǼΪϡٵġ
Ѫ޳ֳֿľһ飬֮ѪͷȻͬȻںһ
޳ɮ޳ͻȻ޳š
ɮ޳ֿ˵Ħµһ۵㣬Ħ϶±
ʹǻ񼶱Ħϳ֣ǻǱɮ޳ĪͨӶݡ
Ӵ֮֮оɮ޳Ϣ˶Ϊɮ޳Ħϵϡ
û뵽ɮ޳Ȼ»صŵأ;ȵĦϾȻûʲô
Ѫ޳Ҳ˿Ĵ⣬ں֮Ѫ޳ʵǵлʿܹġ
ľ޳һؿľϳ޾Ѫ⣬ЩѪ֮оȻ̺ſֲѪ֮еľήЩľڵһ̾ȻϤľӶᣡ
ľӶһϣȻħ֮ͬ
Сӣһ󱲣ˮߴЦһֱӳ顣
ħ˼ɵıȡʹǻʿһ֮еҲҪʧȥ룬ܱסҲⲻΪ˵ˡ
Ѫ޳еĿľȻƵĹܣȻ˺ˮߵĺʤ֮ġ
ˮߺһѾںϵĲˣȻܹӳɵʵԸһڵѪ޳˵ûκε⡣
飡ħ͵ײһ
һһâڿн֯һ𣬻ɣâ֮ϾɫӶһǿֲޱȡ
ʹִּͨʿĿĴ̲סһ
ɣȻܹâ֮ڵȻҲܵӰ죬ô
ǿΪˣΪѷĿֱӱ˸ˣ
飡͵Ӱͬһ׷һָ׷ĺԣ׷˲ʧȥ֪
漴ͱ㽫׷Ž֮С
Ѫ޳ͺˮ֮ԽԽңҲûаܹ֮»ס׷Ա׷˯֮У֮С
һסܣ׷ܵκε˺
СеĵȻǺʹүȻǲһأħһκݺݵ˿ľ
꣡һԵƴӿľĵ֮쵽˵⡣
ħϾҲ鱦ܵشҲǷķܹġ
ѪеĿľܹħԺѾ漣ˣ
ľҲܷ괺Ѫ޳ĺһ
ľѪһڿľ֮ͻȻð޾ħһѷ޾޲֮¾Ȼʼϣ
ˮ߼״оâһֽӶΪõķʽΪĸҲ˵ز
ħȻ޵֮ȴҪʱԭ˲ָúˮǰһ
鱦ܹõľʵȻܹߣûʣĲƬָܹ۷ʱڡ
СӣɱѪ𣡡ˮߺһ
͵˵ͷѪԼȻûʲôģΣնɱѿ֮Уһ׼
飡һֻɫצ˿ľ֮ϡ
Ѫ޳û˿ľţֵķϷһһֻɫƵɫצ
ƣüͷһ塣
Ѫ޳ȻҲˡ䡷֮еͨ
תһ룬޳͵䡷Ȼ󱻷֣ѧеһЩͨҲʲôܵ顣
ҿмɵĻ򣡡һ
죡һ޴ֱײѪ޳
գֻѪ޳˫죬һɢԶϢķ֮ϰķʵһ㣬ķ赲͵Ȼ
Ƶʽգˣͺһ˫ַ仯֮еȻ£Ѫ޳ķ˲ѡ
һлѪ޳
ʱѪ޳ؿѪؿڱצץһ󶴣嶼˵صף
Ѫ޳ȴûκεľ֮ɫз¶һ˿˷ܣ
ؿѪڲͣ䶯ţյĹѪ޳ؿھѾָԭ
ȻɫøΪء
ں֮Ѫ޳һ̳ǿĻָܹһɱ޳ƾǿĻָͣս
ܺãȷܲϼһ˵ĻҪǿ󣡡Ѫ޳Ц
ϼһָľĦ𣿡ͺһ
Ѫ޳˵ͷϼһǿˣҪ㣬ֻôһʵĻǾ̫ʧˡ
Ѫ޳ֻһЦŵأھۼ֮أѪķڸֽǺܲǵġ
ոһзͲĶ֣Ѫ޳ȴӲƾŵǿ˼ķǿһеס죬Ѫ޳Ͳؿڱץһôˡ
һĦµģ޳Ӱ֮С
ЦһΪһѪ޳ͰԼ뻢Ѩ
ˣǧҪˬԼȻҿɲұ֤һԵõ֮д޳Ц


605 ʥѪ
䣡ϵѹһ˲ʧȥ˿ƣ֮һﶼֲѹ촷ۣ
Ѫ޳ôĹͳŭһ
Եˮ˼Ĺ򣬾ܶ˶ˡ
Իܵʵлʿδֵʲôˡ
Ѫ޳ȻˮԵвͣ˵ѾǴ͵ۡ
ۣ֮ŭ
Ѫ޳ſڿӻ£ͶûɷŹѪ޳
ĦµңЦһ
ŵ·֮أĦ¸ռ˾֮оųϵķĵطһڸֶս֮ʵͻᱻѹƣ˵ǼΪġ
һ뿪ŵء
һ֮УϷɣϧϲϵУ𽥳ӡ
׷һĿſе죬ַȻʲôַǶ׷ڵʿ˵̫ˡ
һʵ̣ʮ˽죬һ׷ݵļϽ׵Ľϴˡ
ļϽ׵ĽϴӵиãŵصǻĻҲܹ
Ѫ޳ʧȥĦ֮ǻķΪ֧ţʵȻ½Ҫɱ޳˵оųɵİա
֮󣬵һ̤ŵ֮ʱԭϡķȻʧˡ
Ͳüͷһ壬֮ǰʱȻϡǻ棬ȴ˿ܲĴڡ
ݷھۼŵ֮оȻûзĴڣʿҲ벻
ͣͻȻââһһʱ
ֻֻѪñĶ˵ϣЩѪδͱ͸˲նɱ
𣡡һðѪɫţһеĳ͡
ŵ֮˷һʱ֮Ѫ죬֮˿Ѫ
Ѫѱ𣬾ݺķҲֻǵѪֲȴŵ֮г˶ǿѪ֡
ЩѪȻѪǰֲǸʵˣʵεľȻҲ൱ԪӤޣʵǿĸǿʿ
Σ齨ѪūΣѪ޳ӰͻȻϿա
ѹôģԭҵ˶İ֣һ
ں֮Ѫ޳ѾǰˣЩ֮ѪʴĹȻ
񼶱ѪھݺķΪټŵ֮оۼٲʮͷ˵Ǻˡ
Ѫ޳ӰһʧѪִ֮С
ۣһɫĳնʮͷѪɫն֮лΪ˻ҽ
ľ׻ʽʤһЩѪֵܹġ
׽˿͵ͺһ׻ʽĽ֮˲ǧɢŽɫ׵Ľ˿
ͣ
ͣ

׽˿еѪһ׹֮лΪ˻ҽ
еķϣ׽˿ҲԽԽ࣬ǧĽ׽˿ŵϿնӡȾ˽ɫ
ԪӤѪָͲ͵һ֮УһյĹ򣬱ǧѪ͵Ľ׽˿С
˹ݣѹ˶³Կǲ͵ʿ̲סһ
ͨеļҲ̲ס˵ͷһҲид
ԪӤںͻ֮Ȼһ޴ĺ蹵ܹ㿳в˰㽫ǧԪӤѪ¾Ĳ˭ܰ쵽ġ
ҪҪ֣˵ʿ̲סʵ
õ֣ЩѪֻһɱģԱߵʿһ
׹⽹
ɲǼŵϿ޾֮ϸǳһ׻𽻼ӣ˲㽫Ѫ¾һա
һҲͬһ㣬µֻһƬսĻ
ʩչ˶޴ͨǻʿҲûмܳԵġ
ȴͬûһ㣬һһĳŵ
;ҵǰѪֶֻлһ;
ΣĦ֮Ѫħ޳⾵֮дɱɱ͡
һѪɫӰЦ
Ѫ޳ĵ˵ͷϣܹ⣡
ѪɫӰһ󶶶ɵúܺãҷѾںһʥѪ
ѪɫӰƺȶǳôһʱͿʼð
ĴڷʽȻ룬ѾȲҪõһߺʵˣѪɫӰһ仰֮Ѫ޳ĵ֮С
ѪɫӰ޳ѾǼ߲ˣѪɫӰ·ʱҪҵӣǿ޳ԪľѪɫӰúúõġ
һѪɫӰ飬޳һп
޳ѳĦ£ĦɴˣȻǽѵȴҲΣԪӤڱıԵ
޳ԼΪһǱɣԺ֮޳ȴһ֮ء
һطȻһ߾޴Ϊֱס޴ͷ­֫
Ҳ֪޴ס˶ãľΪһѿݹǣһ㻯Ϊ˷ɻҡ
ǣ޴ȴʼձã
һСʿԪӤܵشӣϧϧ·ܹһ㣬ʹ޳Ѿ˻ԣȴȻܹ
ֻҪ㳼ڱ汾£ɾһÿһֶͬ޴һ޳ķ
ʲôҪ£ʹΪ˳Լ꣬޳Ҳϧ
ܺãһʥѪǱ֮ʱӮãֻҪںһʥѪ㲻ܹȫޣͻƻָտɴ
Ѫ޳˻֮УҲһ쳹׸ı켣
ȻһʥѪǺһѪҺȷܹԪӤھһʥѪ֮Ǵﵽ˲˼ĵز
ںһʥѪķǧʱ⣬Ҳںϵһ˲ɹ׻
һѪɫӰǺΨһ֪ıһصĿռ֮Уסľ޴ѪɫӰġ
ڱ֮ʵ޳꾹Ȼһռ֮УһѪɫӰǸ֮뿪һصĿռ䡣
ΪʬǶѾһ߾޴ȴѪɫӰǰȻʲô֮ͨ
˼̫˼ˣȻǸŮ˵Ĵˣ޳ĵ֮УѪɫӰϵЦš
ţͻȻ̧ͷĴţڸոһ˲䣬徹ȻĪĸоһɺ⡣
ôˣ̲סʵ
˼һֹһ
˰ɣݻ˭ܹӹҶ˵ʶЦ
ҲԴԶڻʿǿʶΪ鱦Ķظ֪ܹӹǶ̽ĻָǺ徵ʿҲδ
ϣˣ͵˵ͷ֪ΪΣӽŵ֮;ԼǱ˭һ㣬ȻָּĲһֱǼ
͵ָо·һֻһֻڰèһ㣬ȻѾᵽΣյϢȴ˿֪ΣԺηֻȫĿķ


606 ħ
һɲǣص֮м޴ͻȻס͵壡
Цһ˲伸׵޴׵֮ȻûԽԽ
ţһ㶣⻹һа׵Ѫ֡
а׿ЩѪֵĿǣ۶ôǿѪֱа׻֮󶼲ƽµģҲһֱŵġ
⼸Ѫȴܹ⼸аף
飡ص̵ݺݵĳ͵ĺ֮ϣ
ͽһ壬ѪһӲǳһ
۵ķڼϱ׵ķһСС˲
䣡һж͵ϡ
һ֮ûн͵ıͻȻһɹɾ޴ͬһ㣬ʱ͸Ʒˣ۶ըƬ
ǣסʹʧɫ
ıȻ˴СһӣЩڼȡڵ
ڵЩԼٶţЩ͵Լļ֮ըѡ
ոͬһԴԴұըЩ£
ħٵ˲ã⾵֮пͳԿѪ޳Ҳ̲ס̾һ
ôҲħħֲħٳȫĻĪ˵ССĻʿǺ徳ĴҲֲʲôôѪɫӰЦһ
һʥ壡
ת˲͵ͱһɳɫĻħٵ֮˲ή
ħȴݲκεĴϢ֮صµһһӾͬһ㳯
ͻȻ壬нһǽԼǰħٵδͰѾ⼸ǽճ˻ҽ
飡ͽµͻȻɶһ޴
ͬһҿɲ᷸Σһһһնһ޴ʱնءͺһ˸Ϊصľ޴˲ͱгƬ
ѪɫӰЦһе㱾£ҲֻǴˣ
飡
飡
ص֮нּʮ޴Щ϶һټһĶػţҪжҲҪһ㹦򣬶һȺ֮
죡һֻ޴צһ˷ĩ
꣬꣡޾ޱȵҲʼƣ
ħ٣޷ٻĵĻƵԽѪɫӰЦһ
СӣħĹħ٣ҵħٵٶҲ޼£ˮһһնһħնеʱʧȥеΪһ촷ۣ
ħ֮͵֪ⶫȻħʿػʱҲ¶һ˿
䣡͵һαУ˶ɣ۸Ǳ÷顣
ۣûڵӾȻڷѿһѪɫ͵ĺ֮ð
ħٻὫԼֲѪ֮УѪǹħٳɳѵϡ
һ棬ͶҪԶͨʿ㣬ħٵ͵ҲǸĿ죡
֮ͱһѾֱ۰֣ɺѪ˿ͬѪһڲͣĶţˣ
ڵתԽ죬ħٵ͸Ѹ͡
ҪӲԽǳ嶯ľԽ죡ºһ䡣
ȴ·ûһ㣬ڵԽתԽ죬ת˲ħٵĸѾÿһ䡣
·Ѫ޳Цһ
ܹô򵥾ͽ͵ĻôҲʡ˺ܶĹ
͵Ƿ𣬾Ȼһĵ·
ϽڵȻǰδеٶȸתš
䣡ͱѪͻȻը󱳼ֲըûˡ
üͷ΢壬һ컯֮󱳺ѪͲϵ䶯š
ǹ󣡡Ѫħ޳һ
ڱħٵӸ֮ǵûֹͣתǽԼڵתޣħڶʱ֮ڶ޷˿ֲԱ
һ岻νмֻҪһ©ҪôǱħɣҪôǱֲıըըʬ޴棡
ҿͶʱתΪ֮ҽԶ壬ҽΪģԲʮĵ涼ʼݡ
ǿʥѪҲһأѪɫӰЦ
Ѫ޳˵ͷ͵ȷǴĿֲܹ֮ﵽֵزҲָ
Ƭ̹򣬵ϱһֱΪĴӣ֮Уշ衣
һħپȻγ˴ɭ֣
һЦħٵٶ࣬ȴֻһֻҪħȻ˲ˡ
Ҫǧ֮׼ȷĹħٵĸҲһ򵥵飡
ѹͻȻ䣬һڣһ޴ıȻӶסڿӵصĹħǱѹ˵ײ
Ȼֻһ鱦ȴ൱ĿֲһѹȥħٴӶҵϡãɢҲ˹ħٵƶЩٶȺ֮ǰ˲ֹһ
ˮ߽նɫĵâħٵͬһһһŵĵ£ԭʱϡ˲١
˫ֻʢ˫ֽ档
ʥʮնʹһڿγһʮ֣ڿмת
ѪɫӰһһ㶣ʥһﾹȻҲСӣԼġʥ𹦡Сӣ
ںʥѪɫӰҲеӳʥΪصĲ֮һ
ʥʮնһΧ¶ȶʱʥʮնеĹħٵǾȼ
ħٵεĻ裬ʥʮնĻȴʼղϨ
ʥѣ˫ȭ
նڹħϵʥʮնȻѣһ޴Ļ𣬹ħǾ޴嶼޴Ļһһʧ
ͲûȥѰǹħٵĹֱӽħ嶼ĸɸɾ
꣬⡶ʥ𹦡ĿɲһĴ󰡣ͿЦһʩչͨڵѾʮҾſˡ
⡶ʥ𹦡Ͼʥ磨ħ磩֮ĹΪʩչеͨǼΪǿ⻹͵쳣Ľǻ໯ʿĻһͨܰ˸ˡ
ץʱָһĵɡˮߺһ
͵˵ͷʱ״ǿгȥҲûʲôô
ˮ߻ΪͷֵҲټѪ޳еһľɡ


607 ޣ
ˮնɱѪһɾ䣬ħǰһʹѪ̬ĹҲܲ
ʹԪӤѪ֣ˮҲֻնһɽնɱ
ʯͻָٶҲǼ죬ʯ֮ת֮ڵѾָ˴롣
ʯ˵ڻָ֮ϵȷҩ޿ƥеĵطȴͳĴʱҲûʣ¶ˣһ͵ޱȵϧ
ܹõ˶ʯѾˣʣµļƿʯĻͻĲ֪ȥﲹ䣬ֶɲ˵ʯ򵽵Ķ
Ǹɽ֮ͼʯĦ֮ƷһС̲ˣлĻͻĲŹһ̲ʯ顣
鱻֮ѪˣڵѪõ൱Ĳ䣬˺Ҳʼϣ濴ûκε˺ۡ
Ȼ֮Ѿ˴ѪˣȴҲãѪһһ㣬˭Ҳܱ֤֮ûҪʲôʱʲôҪġ
ʼջ񼶱ѪֶزǿֲϢȴͼΪɵмͷѪֵϢ֮ǰһĸߡ
Щ񼶱Ѫֲŵ֮вڣǵЩѪֶһ֮ʱЩѪܹӳʵ͸ӵĿֲ
ŵ֮зʧҲͺ⣬֪ΪΣǾŵش͸¶а죬ЩѪֳָ֮о͸ӵǿҡ
ŵرҲ⼸飬ƺҲûʲôϢͺļʿͲҽŵء
ŵѲǵǸʥأŵϿϢֻʿҲЩɵ
ҲֻŵΧˣȴУҲԥҪҪ߽ȥ
ˣǵҲֻǼˣֻҪȷŵرɣʿһ֮˳ŵأŵ֮غš
һҲֻЦһһȺں֮ڣ
䣡һ޴Ȼأصһɲǣ޴㻯Ϊһ촷ۡ
һͷˮߵĺһ
ħ֮ѾѪʵˮҲֻתһĨȥǺˮȴûôΪɱ¾ħϵѪܴ̼ĸй١
һٷĹ򣬺ˮ߱ѾǧͷԪӤѪնɱ
ͬԽ׽˿Ⱥ幥ˮȫһһĿɱܹô̵ʱ֮նɱ˶Ѫ֣ˮߵɱٶʵǱ̬ôһᣬͱǧԪӤѪˡ
ĦΧķѾŨһֲĵص㣬ĦµٴҲǳ׿һɢԶϢķĦϿա
Ѫ޳һ֮£֮ɢĿֲֵͨķһһ֮С
Ħ᲻Ƿڵţʹµһ֮Ҳ̺Ϸ𷨣Ѫ޳૵
ȷټ֮žҲѪɫӰĵ˵ͷĦµٴҲ൱ߵۡ
Ѫħıһһģһ޹ۣ
ʷֻĦĦµĴʦ۳޹ȻѪ޳ϡ
۳һڣ޳ϾȻҲ۳һͬķ
޳۳ķԲ޹𣬷޳Ҳ䵽Ҫȥ͵䡷ĵز
Ǵʱ޳ֳĵȷȷ޹һǾԲġ
ѪɫӰſһ޴ķ񣺡·Ϊľ۳һ޹㵹Ǵֱʣ
Ѫ޳һЦΣ߱Ƕ֮컯
յķԽ࣬Ѫ޳޹ͱԽʵ
ͬʱѪ޳ֵĿľҲڼȡŴѪ⣬ЩѪ˳ſľ޳ڡ
޳ıһͷ۵ĹӰ֣
ޣһ֮Ϊªһ壬ƺôãѪɫӰһЦ
һ֮д󲿷ֶеĿŮΣҲһֳ쳣ĳªЩǰޡ
ǳªޱȣӵͷۣ
Ѫ޳һʥѪⰢ޵ģ
ʥѪ֮ѪĹƣȫĻɻޣʵ
ٻȴѡ֮ѪԼһײĹ
Ѫ޳ȴûκεķӦ˵ʵΨһòһƤҰˡ
ֽȻͬȴѪ޳ںһӰȻҲʼںϡ
ׯϵ޹ͱײеİںһһӵͷ۵ѪɫɢϢ
ùŹֵϢۻ벩ȴ͸¶żаͱ塣üͷһ塣
ºͺߺһϢ񣡡
Сһ㣬㻹һģѵ
һ壡Ͳѩ濹֮Ǹ񻰵ꡣ
ҪˣһȻҲһģǺ֮ǰǸȴһ֧һǰޣһªĵޣ˵
Ȼ¶һûʲôøУȽڰ޵ĳª»Ǹϲޡ
޵ϢСӦòʲôǿİޡˮҡҡͷ
ϾǱΪսһ壬СҲܴ⡣ѵ
͵˵ͷеľ׻ʽѾ۳˴аףһκε쳣еа׾ͻһͷųʱǻʿҲնɱ
ھŵʮ֮Ž֮УǿĽâڿвϵײţûʲô˸ҿâ֮ڡ
ֻһ㣬ֻһܴһˣ֮д˽̾Ϣ
ͬʱľ֮Ҳһ̾ϢҴ֮󣬺Ȼ۵
֮ϵľŴʱȴ⻯ż
Ǻ֮ĲԽԽˡЦһ
ҲεĿЦһָȻ͡
ھݴټͷǻڱչ֮Ҳ֪ǧȻ׻һϢʵ̫ˡ
Ȼ;ԪӤڵΪƴ弶ޣնɱʱǾѾԤе;ǳ֮˶̵ʱ֮ڽ׻ǳǵԤϡ
Ƕ˵ʷﶼ˵֮ˣȴһԶԶǵ˸˦Ƕ޷ܡ
Դս֮չأ׵ټŽڵȫ࣬ʹһʱ֮ΪȻԪӤԲ
ǽ׻һɲԴʾܽģҪԵ
Ľ׺ʱҲָܻǵٹ⣿еɽ̾һ
ͻһս֮ĽеĽ˳˯֮У׻֮ĽѣĽԶĳ˯ȥ


608 ı
ǾѵõĽţһΪڽ֮ϣҪͻƱȻҲҪڽ֮Ѱ
Ž˵Ǿݽ֮еٮٮߣҲл򣬵ڽ׻һ;֮ҲָֻһܲͻһҲұ֤
ǰֲĽâǽ
ҲҪڽâĶԺ֮ʽϹŽ֮Ҳǳ
ȻֽâԺҲǼΣգв³
ڽâԺʱʿȫĵͶ뵽֮У˵ȫ״̬
һĸţǽâֲȣͻǴ֮֡
ƫ棬ҲֻϹŽЩ֮Ż˷ʽ
˽ǵõϹŽ޵ĴУҽԵõĽ˴ɾ磬һ׻ϹŽķĿֲսȻ־ݣ
һΣͬʱ˵˳
һЦ˵ͷתԼľ֮С
Ǿͷ˿ͣ
飡ѪɣһͷԪӤѪֵ屻󱬡
һŵ֮ѪȻ٣Ǹʡ͵ĵƣΪ͵ĶԪӤ𣬸˲С鷳
鷳ͷľ׻ʽĽ׽˿˲ɳΧѪֶʱɢ
ҪǰˣǰϢʵ̫ˣҶʲôѵ
ͽŲһ١
ȷԽǿĦ£ֹĸоԽԣ
ƽʱͱȻŤͷߣֻὫԼЦˡ
һȴͬѪ޳õİȫвڲѪ޳УͶ뽫޳ɱǺ
Ħ֮лź徳ʿ򼯺֮Ѫ޳Ҫ»쿪ˮЦһ
һ·֮ͻɱͷ񼶱Ѫ֣Щ񼶱ѪȻܵĳ־ڹ͵ʱȻоݣ֮оȻҲ˷ֹ
úѪѹںˮߵ֮£Ҳоա
䣡ͿĦ֮ʱһֻ޴Ľɫȭͷ
죡͵ķӦҲһƴ˳ȥ
ഥ˲䣬һɾͽµضʱѣӶ֮С
ٴ󣡡͵һ
һһȫһΣҪһδһϣ
ϻ֮һͽˣһĸʱ⡣
ģôʱҶһҲһ˽ˣϻ֮һЦ
ˮߣߣ͵ĺһ
ķ˾̾ѹŵضܲ˿ķԭǱۼ¾̾һ
һЦٴ۾ݷҵҪѪ޳Ǵʲộ
¡ҽһ壬һ޴ѷ죬һѷ첻ϵӣĦ¾ȻһѷһΪ
Ǻεȵ
ĦµĵȻֻΪͨʯ壬ǳԡĦº嫵ķ֮УЩʯҲʱ䣬Ӳ̶ȿԺͨķ
ܹһʮǻ˾̾һѷϱĦ·ָ룡
ʮذˮߵ˵
⿴һʵѾǶ˰ƾ͵ٴҲ˵ز
ؾ֮Ѫ޳Цһһ͸һ𣿡
ʿܲϲѪɫӰһЦ
Ѫ޳˵ͷ±ضὫ׸ˣ
ߺߣǸŮ˵ĴˣǱңѪɫӰЦһ
𣡡ֻϻֻ֮Ϊһı滹һ춼ϻ𸲸š
һײ㽫ɣ춼ϻǴϹӿ˷壬ʱһǱ춼ϻɷ۳춼ϻ֮¾Ȼʼɢ
Ѫ޳һ֮һdֽ£춼ϻʱɢķһɾķע֮Ҳָԭ
ӷ𣬿еķӡϱ任ţ嫵ķۡ
ֻڰ֮⣬һɫѷ󣬲Ƭ̱γһһ˽Ķڡ
ؾĦʥڣ
ǱĦɼλȵ޳и޵ͣؾĿҲʲô˾ȵ顣
䣡Ͷеľ׻ʽһնһ׽âֱӹᴩؾ
ؾǿĽâ֮²ϵĲţʱбĿܡ
ѺôĻѪ޳ƳһۣȻ׵Ϊ׵֮һһ˳
۾һͻѪ޳˫֮а׷·Ǳʲôѹһ㣬Ȼ޷˵Ѫ޳ֺ
ҵʵ
³çҲؾ֮УոһҪǵѪ޳Ц
˵𣿡һһâն
飡ͻȻֵһֻץסһâһ͵Ľâ㱻飡
ֳͲİһǿҪ˵Ľâ׾ٵ顣
ȴϣնĽâɷһʿܱ⡣
Ȼǿ󣡡Ѫ޳һԼ֣һɼǵ˿ڣİ׹Ƕնһ룡
һâѪ޳ҲǺֻһһֱֻᱻնء
֮֫ʹҲѪ޳΢΢üͷˣֻһֻѪһѵĹпѪ˲ͻָԭָȻ񼶱ѪҪǿ
ѹһᱻսţ˿ֲĻָѪҲ£Ͱ̾һ
ѪȻŲ޵ǿָѪϾ֮е֣٣һȴǸˡ
Щ;̾ϾЩϵˡ
ֻ֣Ѫ޳ıϾȻһֻ֣ոâıֻ֡
ⲻʲôûģ֣
üͷ΢΢һ壬Ϲһϵɻ꽣ͻȻУһ˫֮Ͻâʢ
Ѫ޳ֿľַ鵲â
ˣѪ޳ЦһԼ˫֣ץס͵˫֣һʱ֮;Ȼ޷
֮ǰĿľȻ䵽˱ϵĵֻУľһ͵ĸ
ԿľӶǱеĻ;㲻ҲҪˡ
𣡡һХһѪɫβͲסֻ֡
Ϊһĵ
ۣһѪ˳
ĸȻһָֻᴩˣ
ֻ֣Ѫ޳ıϾȻֳһֻ֣
͵βԲסֻ֣ȴûа취ֻ֣
ɣ͸һֻ͵ȭڵѪҺȻĳһֻӿȥ־ȻܹѪҺ
ͣһ˲䣬һ׹Ѫ޳ֱ۱жˣ


609 ͷ
ǿŸʹǰֱ۸˳ʹѪҺһֱѾͨ죬͵ɫҲ쳣Ĳ԰ף
Ŷг棡ѪɫӰĺһ
еֱ۵޳һѪһǰֱ۵˿ڿʼͬһյĹ֫
ںʥѪ֮޳ȻͻƵĲ֮һβ࣬ڻָ֮ȴҲС
ոһж޳ֱ۵İ׹Ȼг棬޳֮³һС
һν֮ҲûռʲôˣǸҲķ˴ѪŸԭ
ֱۣ޳Ȼֱۣ
ˮߵɫҲǰѪƺҲô׶Ըġ
ҪˣѪ޳һľһն
С㻹ʸ񣡡ˮһħʱӭȥ
˫ײһ죬Ѫ޳еĿľʱϳء
ҲҺӲӲˮ߲мЦһ
Сģ͸ҪѣһѪҧס˺ˮߵұۣ͵һұ۶ж
ˮüͷһ壬һһѪϡ
ۻ࣡Ѫ޳Ծġ
ת˲䣬ħϾһѪۣ
ʼð̡
ˮ߸ʹİ
һѪܹۻ鱦Ĵڣˮ߶Լʵ̫ţȻһޱȿֲ
׻ʽ׹ʢһ׽˿סħڴа׵ע֮£ħ֮ϵѪ۲űħ½˲ֹһ㡣
Ͳһغͺˮ߱Ѿ⵽ش
ԼĳԿ˵ǶѪ޳ʵƵĴ󣬶ˮȴǱԷƵģѪ޳·֪ˮ߱һ㡣
ǵԷѪ⣬Ҳºͺˮ߳սһѪۻ࣬ǲ롣
ҵõͳʵ
ãҺʱ˵Ѫ޳ãȻĿ͡
㡭;ȻѪ޳һ
Ѫ޳ûҵԵˮǽôһ仰ܹͶ
ңһ֮ĵıԵˮԵˮпѪ޳УͱѾʧȥյ򶨡
ûзֱϢٱһͷѪ޳Ϊúõ֮С
Ѿ̫ˣѪ޳ȻҺ̯ƾ֤Ѿͣ
ͶԼ³çҲֻǿЦһһΪԼǸ֮ʱǻʧ硣
ԵˮСѩǰڵڵ˵֪˺ʥδ̽鵽⼸˵䣬Ѫ޳ʲôܹҵ
ͻԵˮһһһΣձ㽫飬̺ȫһͶûиӦöбļ
ҲֻֿܣһֱԵĵǿʱ䶼ûУڶֱǻȻڿڶֵĿԱȽϸߡ
һ˫õȻ֪٣һЩȴҲܹһЩ˿
Ѫ޳ǡþһϢɹ̶Ѩ֮С
ˣѾȫ׼ˣѪ޳˵
ѪɫӰ޳֮ͣѪһ壬ټĵĴУһ嵹ܹܱע룡
ģ־ͬըһ͵Ժ֮ը
⴮ͨħͽ幱׸һԪ뿪ˣѪɫӰһ
ȻһѹǵذϮǿѹͻǵһڵΪһѹ֮¾Ȼã
һѹ˾ȻֻһûӰӰʵǿ˺ֵز
СˣûԼ壬ȻҪʬΣѪɫӰһ
ۣҲܲסһѪ˳
ܹڱѹ֮¼ôãһȷǲѪɫӰһ
Ϊ鱦ѵҪССķʿͬɣѪɫӰһȡ
ºͺˮһҰֳܵԭΣڵϣ
߸֮ˣ鱦Ҳò¸߰ͷ­
ˮߺµڲϵĲš
һ綼պգҲ벻˴ﾹȻССķ֮С
ǿԸϱΪӸ¿顣
ºͺˮһۣ˶Էеɻ֮гײУҲǳĸС
Ͳܽ鱦У
䣡ʱһ񱻾޴ɣֱ
Ŷһ¶һ˿档
ĸ鱦Ʒʣ滹žȫʩչ֮¾ٴҲҪμ穡
ϻ֮ǶеˣѾѹסٴ
ħַȴǿʿãҲǸСŪɣЦһ
СˣտСˣƺŲĳһ㣡
ҹȻһѪɫӰûһֻצӣ޴˲㽫ĸ˹
ŶĲʺⰡЦļʶһʱ֮侹Ȼ޷ϳʲôƶɵġ
תѪ֮壡һŭһצһѪɫӰϣĸ˻
𣡡Х
ֲޱȵ͸Ͳ˿Ĵ⣬ĸ֮еľʩչס
ɢѪɫӰ˲ָԭֻѪɫӰ˲٣
ôĹҪ𣡡ŭһѪɫӰѪ˿ϳһĻ
ߣֿܹģһ͡
˽ֲҲֻЩˣĿֲɲǺħܹ֮ġ
ȣħҲǴ֮еСϺףȴǺа
סжԶӶԶڵܹƥеġ
Ҳ˲ˮߺս֮󣬽ʩչѪ֮һ˼ھѪ˲Ϣ֮ӳǧ
䣡һڵѪڲѣ
ǿֲ쳣Ȼɵؾͽȥ
׷ŭһע޳ڣֲ޳ʵһʱ֮˻ڣǳԴֱۣ
㳹ںһΰʥѪӽԺǰޣһ֮лʿ֮ҲĶ֣һ
л࣬޳ضὫ͵׸ˣ޳˵
ֻ޳Ѫһ˸ʮ֮⣬˸ʧʣ֮͵Ѫ֮ϣ


610 Ԯ
ĶȻ֮һһˣʩչѪ֮ٶȸǾˡ
޳ٶȻҪ˿ֲٶȷһ¶ûʲôܹԽˡ
ǰĿռͻȻŤһԾ˿ռ֮С
͵ٶȾȻҲҪʩչռ֮ɼ޳ѾͱƵ˺ֵز
ռ̫֮ˣһ
޳һѪǰĿռͻȻһӰ֮˳˭
ɫأһ㽫ռ޳ʵڶʱ֮Ρ
͵־ĸڲͣĲţϻ֮Ҳ⵽شڱıԵ
Ӱ״̬ܹƳһõ壬һ֮ûκ˻Ķ֡
˵ˣǻ֣ʹһ
ЩȻһֱ󣬵Σյʱȴûг֣Ϲۡ
Ͷ˺ʥļֵɹǾԲؾ֮ǰκε⡣
޳һȭնһѪɫ



ʱķĲҽЩѪûǼʿ֮Уǵ˲䱬ѣԪû¡
һʿ޳ʵѾ޽ӽں徳ˡ
һΰʥѪ֮Ȼ˿ֲı仯
ʹڵͣ޳ҲӮ٣˵޳Իһڻ͸û޳Ӳƴ
Ϊ˵ǼʿٲҲס޳һʱ̵ģ˭뵽⼸ʿ˲ͱ޳ɱˣ
°ɣһһֻѪצգһѽץס
Ͼһжֵܹģ
ϣȻһɫĽ£Ѫצһ·ͬɽһء
ǱӰ֣Ӱס͵壬ӲĴ˳
ǱӰ֣ͻƣҲû뵽ԼľȻͻԼԹʿ
ͻȻ
һ޴ĺʱ޳У
£۾һͻ
˾ȻƺųԱ
СӣǵʲôˣȤĿ͡
⣬˲򵥣üͷ΢
䣬µıͱѪⸯ޳˵˳
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޳Цһڻ֮б޵еĴڡ
ֻһѪ⴩Ƴֱ壡
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СģҪӲӣͼæѡ
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Ǭ˫֮һ̣æӵǬ˫ŵĿ޳
Ǭ˫Ƕⷨټص鱦Ҫǿ󣬵ǽһӴһǬ˫֮ڵ;ʧˣӵǬ˫ѪͲˡ
ӷƶɮҪֻǶ޳һ
ЦһǲСͿûʵˣ
ƵǰͻȻһ澵ӣ˾֮С
ͣն˲޳֮С
޳üͷһ壬ֱۺȻ£ҵȴҲһſ
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ССķ֮оȻ˾֮һˡ
һ˲䣬ҲΪĿ֮һ
ƵǿȻûǰɫҲǿﵽҪ󣬿ԳΪ
ۣ
ۣ
ۣ

˲䣬޳֮ϱٶѪͬһʱƴ̳ٽÿһǴӲͬĽǶȡ
ûõģĻָҡҡͷ
üͷһ壬ǰľӺȻѣһ
ۣ
޳֮ھȻļľӣ˲Ϣ֮䱻ǧٿף
⾵֮һھӵĲٿر֮ǰǿˣˮ߰̾һ
֮ǰͬһڱⶼǾ֮һе
Ϊ֮һ⾵֮һ屾ͼΪǿ󣬻֮ǰȻߴ·ԼĶ߰㣬Ȼһ̶սǺ;֮һкܴĲࡣ
Ѿܹȥߴݼʱ֮ڱ㽫֮һ崫̶ֳȣʾھ֮һ֮Ҳټ
ľ޳һʹ˴⬣޳ûȥǰħնϵĿľһθԭѪɫĵâն
Ƶĺһ
޳ûзӦ֮ʱһԼĵâȴ壡
꣡ʶƶһ㣬һѪɫĵâҲֻһֱۡ
ǿľӶʹǲһƤҲСܿ޳һֱ۾Ѹٿήȥ
ᣡƵһָһֱ۱㱻һ㾵Ӱ
𣡡һӺȻѣ޳ֱ۶ը֮С
ҵ岻𣡡޳˿塣
Ҳ䣿Цһ޳ǰųƲ𣬵ǹعǰˣ󵶣
ţ޳ɫ䣬һϵֱ۾Ȼû
ҲһȵĿ޳һϵֱۣ޳ĻָǼʶģ֫˲һֱۻǿտҲ
Լӵвָֻ֮ĶȻҲӦĶԲߣҲĥģרƶԷĻָ
ƲһۣΪУѲ⣬ȻǱ˱֮ϣԼЩЦ
ֵ֮ͨһ֮ӦûƳ޳ϵֱۡ
޳Լ޷è壬ȴޱȣ޳˿ϣһ㿴ľӣһ㾵ӣ޳ڵҪ޸ֱ֮ʱһ㾵ӱ㽫ȫ䵽ռ֮С
㻹ʸ񣡡һЦһģ޴ľƾնͬаһס޳
޳龵ӵļѹ֮²ͣ䶯ţѾ˱ѵıԵ
ͣǽϷԵһĻȴ˶һʩչ֮һĻͻȻѡ
龵֮еĲһӰ
ߣ֪˻֮޳Ŀ䵽ϡ
ǲ֪¶һ˿мЦݡ
ǻƻᱻô򵥾˺ĻôҲͲǻˡ
ͻƴôνǻܹôɾͱնɱĻˣ
飡һֻצ͵ץס޳Դһ󡪡飡


611 
Ѫ޳ͷ­˲䱬ѣ
˾Ǽʹͷ­󱬣޳ȴǱֱվš
꣡޳ϵֱ˲˻ƵؿڡֱͬʱƵʱ㱻˺롣
ͷ­ն޳ȻжʵǷ˼
ǶҪѪ޳ľȻͬʱðͷ­ǰ󱬵һȻһͷ­
ͷۣһ˺ѵ廯ΪѪΣȻڿ顣
ҵͨüͷ
ԣֲ񣡡ҡҡͷ
Ѫ޳ͷȻʹ˵еĵͨΪƣ߱ȴž޴Ĳ
ͨͷֻʩչһ֮ͨʱʿ᳤ͷۣѪ޳ںϵİʥѪȴ˰ޣͷ۱ԭȵò
һȻżֲĻָͷ­Ҫλñȫ֮Ҳڶʱ֮ڸԭ
޳ȫں˰ʥѪ޳峹ɱΪ֮壬ӵͷۡ
ڻ޳ͷ­֮ʱ޳һѾȥˡ
޳ʣͷۣǽʣµͷ­նȥҪɱ޳һѵ顣
οһ໢ǾԲԼΨһ˾ôնɱ
ʹԼһͻλ֣ҪֲֿͻһնûС
Ϻ͵ѵû̲סʵǴʱϺ͵徵ʿĻԿİҲʹ˼֡
ĺһΪԼжĴֵϺ͵λΪ
ڨڨһЦ֪Լ쿪ˡ
ҪӶϵͼ¼ɫ⣬Ҳɳһˡ
ȻһɢҲΪ˸˴ۣǼʹϵıҲûг
Щ徳ʿʿôǿҲʲô
ں徳ʿǰʿҲһӤˣǸͲмͻʿ֡
ܹú徳ʿӵҲֻк徳ʿ
һ޳ĵâֱ˻ȥ
ǰ֮޳ҲȾ׼һĵâľ
սپͰһѣһѪɫӰʱû޳֮С
ں˰ʥѪ޳屾ͱһʿҪһأѾܹע֮£޳ʱǣ
ӵͷۣɶߵ޳ĵͻȻðһ
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Цһ
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ǵˣƵ嶼һâг룡
ӵв֮Ļȴ˲仹ԭǿǲ԰׵ɫȻһâ֮³˴
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֮һȻأĵʵ̫ǳһƳľ֮޳ڴ
һòΣΪͨһ
һʵ̫ǿѾ˾ܳܵھ˲䱻
һâл֮ʱڵ˲䱻Ӷ˴룬ȻɥȴҲԪˡ
һ̺֮ƶ޷
µڲ
Ǿ
˵ѹ׵ͨһն
δнΪ֮ʱţһն֮鶼Ϊ˳
ƽһҲֻԪˣò˵ⲻ֮ǿ
أҶе죬ŪġЦ
֮ԻվţΪжǿ󣬶
Ϊ֮һпǧ֮Ψһľ֮һ壬Բȥ
ȻҲ֮ϵǿߣǶھ֮һصҲ൱Ȥܹӵһ߾֮һ壬պصҲһ
ƿž޴󻯵޳һ˿ɵϽͻȻ˼צһģ⼸ʱͻΪһ̲࣬һɾѪӿ˻Ƶ֮С
õѪע룬ƵɫҲÿ˲١
ŶѪľѪת¶һ˿档
ھ֮һϾȻѪеľѪתԻƵȤȤѾԽ͡
ٽһЦһһɫĵâ
򻨾ƵǰһɫĶڣһâɫĶ롣
䣡
䣡
ɫĶ֮вʱײ;
ʹ򻨾ռ䶼ЩԳܣ
Ƶͺһ
ıһɫĵâͻȻ̴֣壡
򻨾ռ֮Ѿ˴룬Ѿǿܹ䷴ȥ
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ߣܴܼԦЦһ
Ϊһ𣿡
ǰͻȻһ澵ӣ֮ǻƣ
ľ˲Χÿһ澵Ӷһ
ƴһ
ѵΧľӺȻѣһɫԲ˿С
ⰵɫԲΧռ֮쳣Ŀңܹһռѷ죡
ɫһ䣬һ˲Ϣͳ˰֮⣡
ܺãܺãɫԲ֮дЦ
ԾΪý飬Ͷռ֮УǾ֮һʿޱȼɵ
䣡ɫԲͻȻ飬ĳ˻Ƶǰٶ֮ƶӦ㱻һץס
ԻʿΪñ㻹ͷһצ֮ϰɫĹâʢһɫĴִӻƵĿнڡ
һ壬ҪˣЦһ
ƾȻԼ࣬ԼԪҲԽƮԽߣĿȨҲԼ
ѵڻԼΪԼɵʱһɫĽâ޾ĺڰ
СӣŭѵĶᾹȻ͸ˣ
ٺĻһĿ֮ͣĶԹԹͲܹģûͻΪΣʱȡ
ڽԼɲ֮֮󣬻ƾѾûκεĹϵˣѾη
ǵһߵĹͷ֮ʱԼǸˣǸΪˡ
ǿûһθܵĿ־壡
һȭ
ȻһҾʹ죡ŭ
ȻǿƣǱȴǰ޴󣬶ͻĺ£ѾҪնɱˡ
飡˫ȭұ۶ֲ飬ǵɳ嶼һɽ֮С
ȭЦһ


612 ﱻ
ȭе֮ȭͷһ˲ڱȭеȫᱻ֮ʴ߱
ȭҲǼΪĿֲǿ壬һȭ֮·ϵֱۡ
ζû뵽ǣ˫ȭԺʱһɫҺ͵ȭͷ֮е˳ϣ
δ޳һֱ۾Ѿʴ
ħʥˮ֮оȻһ˿־壡
ûһδ֮еγɫҺħĲİҺ壡
ղǧħĲħʥˮĶԾѾǾף֮еħĲѾﵽʮң֮ǰĶȫһ֮ϡ
ʹ֮壬޳Ҳ޷ֵסħʥˮʴ
һ֮䣬ħʥˮѾʴ޳ļ粿ٶȥյĹħʥˮὫһ帯ʴ
ŭһɫķĴ޳֮
򣡡Щɫķ޳ΧγһɫԲ
Ķ֮ͨһƬռ䣬֮Уһ˺
ʹǴޱȵħʥˮҲһͨƳ⣡
ˣȻħʥˮС֣ŭ
ħ磬ҲֻĺܹħʥˮҲֻĲŻӵʢħʥˮ
뵱ȻıΪеħʥˮµģȻ顣
һħʥˮȻ˵ĸ
ħʥˮȻûд˵ǰҲǸ߳Ƶ𣬽ʣһӰͲ࣬ʩչͨѾǲСˣֱħʥˮôһ£Ӱ̬޷άˡ
ȭе
ɽ֮иû͵Ӱʱͱ֮С
ȭеصƣ֮İԵͲǷʿֿܹġ
ʵ󽵣ֻӰ״̬ʩչȭĻڱȭе˲ѾΪɻˡ
Ǽʹûһ̻Ϊɻң֮ȴǿֲھͬϻͻһ㣬Ʋɵ
Ϊ֮ǰֽͬһ֮ɾ
ʹ֮Ҳ赲֣֮
֮ȻǺ֮һȼĴڣ
ˣʵ̫ǿˣ´󼱣ʱ֮͵ڴƻȴ޲ߡ
ǿתֿҲʱڱıԵ
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˪ֶܾһٽʯգصʯվҴǿ׳Ҳܵ־


614 뷲
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һԼʮСɽ壬廳֮ɫ
ٳδ뿪ҪչԼĸĸĸȥҲʱ뿪ˣ


616 ǧ״
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޵ʵȻܵܿΪɽֵİ
һȺƵĺӣҲûпǣϾĺưͶȹΪʱ⡣
Ʒҩ֮ͶɽȪ֮УһЩڷɽȪˮĹ֮ҲᱻȪˮ֮΢Ӱ죬޵İҲߡ
ʹһָɭһϹͻȻ͵ļ֮ϣС˭
¿֮СӾͲסįһȺҰһ𣬵˺
ˣ͸СӵԴ΢̾˿
֨СǣСǲᡣ
Ժ󻹻ģͷ·ڰοСӣҲڰοԼ
СӲ˲еˮᶨĵ˵ͷ
Ǿɽ֮лǧҪ뿪ֻᱻ߻ɱ;
֮ȻҲвٵޣǽ׶޵ҲֻдҰһͷˣʵھ֮иǵ׵Ĵڣ߶ܽɱ׳졣
ɽ֮ǻܹңڣһ뿪ɽҲϵ⣬׸ˡ
ԽԽǿϲ¶һ˿Ц⡣
һ֮Ѿ߰˰ˣһʱ䣬֮ʱط磬ͱȫµ̬ھʿǰ
⻯ҲΪľеԭ̬֮һغڰ׵ʯһźɫʯ֮С
û˿·һ㡣
ııӡ
⻯Ϊܹӡס֮ľеĳ̶ֳ˵⻯˵Ѿˡ
ȴûз⻯ͬûзһ㡣
⻯һ֮ȴûôԼΪܹ
һ޴ҵ飬ȴǺԥˡ
Ҳһ޴ҵ顣
ıԪ»⻯Ҳϵֱ⻯ܹԼΪֹ
ڼҪʹıԪļʹǻʿҲһܹܡ
Ҽʹ⻯ǵΪҲظԭ״̬
仨˴Ĵõʵ󽵵⻯ƣȽϿݣ
ص֮׼ô죿һʵʵ⡣
ǰͻص֮׼ô죿
ȥ
ͷ붼Ҫ룬ͺĿֲʹܹں֮ʵҲĶ֡
ȻܺӲӲôֻȴʱඥ֮õ
͵δ磬źһһ֮
Ҳֻ׷޲ͨ
ڽŵ֮ǰȾѾ׷һΪȫĵطҽݳķһЩ޲Ҫעĵطȫ¼֮С
Щ¸֪ʶͿͬһ㣬׷ϵ츳Ȼܹе塣
ʮʱҪͨ󷨵ľڱ˵һܵ飬Ŷ׷ȴʲô⡣
ˣнâһһɫĽâֱӻ˿ռ䣬һɢϻĹ͵ǰ
ɹ֮һĻɹ
͵ʱΪٳһռ䲢һ£ռάʮɼһƬռϻ˶˼
䣡ɹͻȻ𶯣һ߾߻ðĶ˳
ԪӤԲһЩðĹﾹȻԪӤԲΪ
Ϳɲǵûɹ֮Щ
䣡Ϊǿһȭ˳ȥ
ǿޱȵʱһ߻ɢ
͵ʵȻûлָʢʱڣȴһУԸһֻԪӤԲĻȻʲô¡
ǽһĻһɢĹﾹȻڿ¾ۺϣ
ŭһһɫĽâֱն£
һһεıɢһһεĸԭ
ɹ֮кʱйĹ͵ͺһϻ֮һЩ춼ϻγɵĻȫϻ֮ɡ
ҵҪ˭ҵĻɹ֮еһһ
ţͲĿŴŽյĻɹ
ĻɹȻĿƣ
Ȩ˶ˣԣҺͻɹ֮ϵڣ˼Ҳ㲻еĹؼ
ȥﲢĵطɹ֮дŮ˵
Ȼǿ򶨣ͻ֮еĲ
׷ϲ¶һ˿Цݣɹ֮еŮ˳׷˭
ЩϡŹֵĶȴЩ˾棬ǹȥʮ꣬׷Ȼ˴Ľ
ͲԼӣڽ֮ǰ;Ѿ׸ıԼòǻ񼶱ʿҲܿαװ
ȥ׷һɹ֮һĻ˳
ɢȻʮɢеĻһ˲価ɢ
ϴʲôˣôܻӵнϴ󣡡ɹ֮е׷һ۱ϳһ׽ϴ
۾ݣ֮Ҳֻһ֪ϴ
СѾͷҶʶˣ͵һЦ¶˱Ŀ
磡׷ϲĿ͡
ʮˣһʧʮꡣ
ʮ׷й뿪ɹͷ֮ǰУͷ׷ǿѹһʮꡣ
ҵǣɹˣ׷ɹ֮ĥһЩķ󣬼ʹһЩżȻһƬռԪӤʿ׷˳ȥ
ǰǴܣüͷ
ǰ׷һ㶣ãȻĿ֪ͣԼˡ
֮ǲԽԽࣿһ
ô֪׷Ŀͣ͵δ֪еǲ졣
֮ҲϧˣΪεĿ׷һۡ
նݲ紵ôǳԵĵ׷Ȼס
ʶɹʿûһ˲̰׷ƫƫûɱ֣ںһƬռʿԽԽࡣ
ҵǣ׷츳Ȼɹ֮ĥһ׷Ҳ֮ǰĻЩ󷨵ĲֻҪɹ治ЩԴԴϵĲ
ǧ״󣡡ͿŻ߹Χϲ¶˲ɫ


617 
һлɹɹΧ춼ϻΪãھתǿǰЩ
ЩҲ춼ϻˣֻҪɹΧ춼ϻ۱ɢٴζ»ԭ
ԽϴΧ춼ϻҪƿһǧ״治һ򵥵顣
Ҫôɹݻ٣Ҫôǽ׷ɱҪǰҪɹΧĻɱɾɹı߶
׷񲻹ʮ꣬ϵȴѾʿҪ̾
׷˵ǧ״Ȼļ״󣬱֮ǰĽϴҪһΣڹȴ֪Ƚϴǿ˶ٱ
ϴ֮ǿȫΪĹܣһ׸͵󷨡
ǧ״ȴһ׹󷨣ûĻԪӤڵΪʹǻ񼶱ǿڲ֪ϸһ֮УҲҪԲ˶ߡ
ᵤڡȻ׼ǵͿ׷Ϊʱ̲ס̾˿
׷ϵ츳ȷܼҲϰˣʹµĴҩʮҲ˽ᵤڰˡ
ٶȶ˵ԳƵǿ٣Ƕ˵ȴ̫ˡ
Ҫ޲ͨҲҪ񼶱ΪǰͰĻʹ׷ϣҲ֮ˡ
ڻʿ˵ͲʲôȴԤУⷲȻң뿪
Ҫڶʱ֮ڽ׷Ϊڣôඥ֮ҲͳΪΨһѡ
Ħǲȥˣһפţоġ
ʵӵඥطķɲĦһңŵ֮ҲкܶӵУŵٲȻѾΪĴӪأʥ˶δԸȥǣοƵµͣ
޺£һ
Ȼݷڲȥˣôֻȥݣݵ޺±͵ѡ
һ޺ʵ̫ǿҾδ޺»ܱȫеĹżҲӦñȽܹõඥ֮ļҲȽϴ
޺ȻͬڷһǺĦЩݷڼ˵ԳһңҲõ޺ºĦ֮ʲôè塣
䣡˼ǳʱСܵ˾޴ĳ
ʮԪӤʿڷСڣ
նݲ紵кâһ
׷֮ǰûɱ֣ĽҲֻԽԽ鷳
Ͳ׷ɱϣЩ˼ȻɹôҪΪ˸׼
ʮԪӤʿʵεȵǿ󣬼֮ǿСϴһڡ
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ߣ֪һɫĽâһţһʮԪӤʿͷ­Ѿǵּˡ
˲Ϣ֮նʮԪӤʿ׼
ǻʿܣ͵һЩԪӤʿ˵ܹ˲ϢնɱԪӤʿҲֻлʿˡ
ܣһܣһᦷɳδЩԪӤԶߣɫĴ־ѾʮԪӤУΪ֮֮һ
סպԵܳʮͲҪŷ֣ʨӲȫЩ߸ʡ͵ĵƣȻҪôҪǳɱͳ׷˵
˵ɱ֮ʱϵɷʱ
׷Ŀͣ벻ƽǺɫͻĺݣ
߰ɣҲˣͿһС֮еѷ졣
⼸ʿǿƿ֮ԭͲôȹ̵СѾ˱ļ
ȥȻЩǳ͵׷ѡ͡
ݣ͵ĺһ
˵ݳһҹ֮䱻һɸɾݹ͵ǰһ
̸۵ͷһֲõԤԽԽǿҡ
ǿļһҹ֮䱻¾һգȻûһӳ
ͳŵʮ֮УѾżʣʼֻЩС͵ļ壬ȴִҲ⵽˶֡
ʮˣиԪӤ֣ûлʿ֮⣬ҵʵѾܹһЩһ
Ȼĳңһҹ֮䱻𣬶һ˶ûӳ
һ·ҲһЩķϢȱǰɽȫķһЩܶڳŰɽǰ
һȴǷǰδеĴսĸ·ԼһԿսʷ϶ûе顣
ıƶ࣬ټϾݺѹƣʹĸòܵһԿ硣
һŽĸȴ˺Ĵս伤ҳ̶ں;ݴս
꣬ĸǧ򣬵ȴ˿ûֵĴ㣬ԽԽĲͶ뵽һҵս֮С
ɹĴѹԴƺΪʲô׼
ʥǱȽϰȣûʲô˷˼顣
ܾûбϿô򵥣
·͵ν׷ȴЩܲˡ
ϾҲֻһᵤʿټûгԹ˸·ܲҲ֮С
Ҳ֪鼱ãֻܷ˽Ųԭ·һ¡
һ֮ڵ֮ڱΪ͵һ֣ΪһͿʹõ
֮һɲǣڤڤ֮з·𿴵һȴţӵĻƣĹŵϢ
ȻҲһɲǰˣͻع֮ʱһжѾʧĸɸɾ
һﾹȻ֮̽ţ֮аԾ档
һȴű֮֮ţ
²û˵Ŀǰ֪֮Ŷûʲôô
һǿԿ϶ģֻҪܹ磬ôպǰ;
֮е
ǧƾ֮ݺħ磬˵ħҹ۶֮мӡ
ͰҹħԨľҲΪħֵ
һսǧ꣬԰ҹ۵ĻʤգȻܣܹħҹ۴Ҳһҫˡ
Ҫ֪ҹ۱ΪħʷǿۣԽȱпħһǿߡ
Ҳֿ˸֮ԼûԼ֮⻹ܹ֮
֮Ҳ֮زԳҵĸо·ֻҪһͷԻһ㡣
һ˿֮йΧľڵ˲䱻ɣΪ͵ϡ
ÿ죡̲ס̾һѹǿ


618 
ֻӵ֮֮Ż˽֮ǿ֮
Ϊ֮ǿܹӶĻǱǴشˣҲʿ֮Ϊǳ⡢Ͼƾ֮ӶһеʿΪ֮ɵ
ҲǴӱ濴ˣֲ֮ĵطܹЩӶתΪԼ
ͲӶ˷Բˣڵ֮ʹϸһȪ˳Ľ
ˣڵ˴ȵ
ÿֲתͶ֮תŵˡ
֮ӶᵽĽųɵתڵ˸ߵתʵЩš
һʹõõĻԻΪ͵һͱͲٶȸһ¥
Ҳѹӵ֮ΪףηĴڡ
ӵֿݵķʽȻѾһ˼ӶܹӶᵽǿ
ھͶһֳ嶯ͷڵ֮ӶһܹӶᵽ
²һ꣬пܳΪǻڵʿǳ徵Ҳδزʲôܵ顣
ܹ徳ĻôǿշҲ൱İˣ
ܿͱ㽫ͷѹôĻһ綼ᱻ
Ҳ͵һθоҪһ˵ļ򵥣
һ磡һиðһµͷ
ϣҪˣˣһ֮л˭ܹ赲
Ͳ֪Ѿ˽ɣһħĽɣ磬֪ɵҲָ
ܿ죬ݴϢŵرΪһŵһֻŵ϶ûг
һʱʥ˶ᵽһ˿Σյζ˭ҲûֹͣϵĶ
̫ˣһѪɫӰվڿиһƬڵء
ˣһĿѪ޳վѪɫӰ
ɽѪɫӰ촽
ѪɫӰȻ͵һѪɫӰȣʱʵ˲٣ܸ֮һּǿѹȸУ
ɽľ⽨ľ⻯²öԸѪ޳ɵ˵
һЦҵľǽľ
뷨ҲֻԼŻ˽⡣
ľǿֲ˼ҪĶ
ľᱻΪ֮Ҳûеģһýľ̺¾͵ֵһˡ
һ֮оȻӵľҲǴΪ˷ܣһڱݻˣûа취һ֮еĽľȴꡣ
ûκεԥǰһڵĴţһţӰѾ˰ɽϿգ
ŶһľͷҲԤеҪǰŰɽ֮гһЦ
ľ֮еĵλܼģֻҪľһͻǧػΧ
ħ۶ûܻ㣬Ȼʡ͵ĵƣһ۵߳˰ɽϿգңңԣ
ľͷǻôãҺǸŮ˵ľҲ㿴һЦ
ħۣһѻˣߺһ
زʣΪۻҪΪҵһ֣һΧ֮ʱת
ɽ֮ľڵ˲㱻ɣ۵֮С
ľ֮򣡡һ٣һľȳУɽһ㱡ĵɫĹĻڵ
ܵ⵭ɫĻڵ֮ҲӶ᲻κε
üͷ΢壺һ⻯ʵ
һʵǿʵ̫Ǳҵʺ壬ҲԲĶ֡걻ħ۴壬Ҳ޷ô̵ʱ֮ڻظʵ
¶ŭݣߴԼʹɫȻÿ
һ˲䣬һɫȭӰǽʹϵȭ
ľڣеľһ٣ǰ˲ľγɵǽڡ
ȭľ֮ҲǴһ󶴣ûйᴩ
ߣһ
һΰɽ֮п˵ǰһˣľʵԤϡ
ɽ֮лǽľʵĺܣľһ֮еΪ֮ս
ɽľͽľӲƴҲг
һеĽľҲܵشڸո˵һ޷ܵشпܾɢ֮䡣
Ȼһ֮ȴҲװʧȥ
ľպһ֮дúܣҲֻаɽд
Զȥ߲һȫûǰɣȭ̺֮֮֮һ
߿һòĽľɵ̾˿ľȻ֮ӵ޾ȴǻ֮ľޱȰóΪϡ
ߺʹҲʱİˣһʵҵԼ壬ôҲδֿܵ
Ǽһ֮м徳ܵĻпܣҪ⼸Ϸ絹ԣƴĻûϷ
ϣǱ߻һɫɣεҡҡͷԴ˰ɽΧһ㵭ɫĹĻػ
һѾѪɺӣɳƵضѪȾ˳ɫѪȫһƬģȴɵĻعһƬء
֮мʦԼɱʱһ˿̣ǸǾͳȣ
֪ЩµΪ죬Ϊĵ׳Լ
ĵĵصףһɫϸ𽥻һЩɫϸѪĺɫϸںһγ˱ڵĴ󺣣ʵǺ󵽵ҪٵѪҺܻ۳Ѫĺ
ΪһĿ˵㾡Уܹ֮ĸŮʼΪһѾı̫ˡ
ЩѪҺӿķֻһڣ
ڻڣ·ʮʦȵĿľ޴壡
ڣս֮ڣʷΪǿսǸһȭܹǳս
Ǿ޴룬һ͵ϷѪҺЩѪҺڣᴿں֮۳һѪɫĽᾧ

һ͵徹Ȼ
ֻʱȫں֮е˳һˣ϶żΪߡ
һһʵذףһһʵĴ룬ʣһһһһƳɵĴӣһһĹ
ûһʵĹһĹ֮ܿѪ˿һּΪĸо


619 ս
߷·ܹǣһԼᱻС
ڲó˵ܹƳзĵѾһܲ򵥵ˣֽаĹ취˵ҲһΪѵ顣
ΪаǶʿַһҪ󣬶ҶߵԶżҪ
аĹʵ̫̣̫ѪȣһЩʿƹ֮޷ܣа壬Ǳ
ЩаƵĹȻǼޱȣһƳҲǼΪ˵ġ
еħǿҲһа䱾ҪֲĶࡣ
аһͼ产ˣοǳοУһ൱顣
а취ҲǾþòƽϢǧδʹֲεҲЩ
Ϊһ̣ĸʵ̫̫ˣ
֮Ļ꣬ѪҲֻ˲߳ߵأȥĵδ
˯ϹʱĻ꣬˯ϹʱѪڴٻԸԼĻ꣬ԼѪϵ͵һȴԵޱȵľ޴󣬷·Ƭء
ߣ֮еǿ߶ϵĿǿȴޱȾ޴
֮еݵλΪ⣬ʹж֮ʵ󽵣ǻ֮Ȼ𾴡
Ȼͻߵĺܽ׵֮ԻǲһֱҪս񣬳Ϊ񣬵ȴûһ˻һƺŵ⡣
ԭֻΪսֱϵѪ
սʷ֮ϵǿߣĵһƬأսĴ֮£巢˷츲صı仯
սǿ󣬾ķЩɵǸʱڣΪԻ͵ʱڡ
ȻսǿþķʿɵΪ˾ݸʩѹҲѹ壬Ϊľķչ
һӵмǿսһгĵҩĳɳҪǿ̫ˡ
ѹһֱΪľǲһβսǰĿֲǿߡ
ʿȴ֪սһ֮еģҪһ嶼ûĿꡣ
ʵϾ֮Ҳ֪սһģĵĻܣ֪ܵҲֻʮ֮еǿߣҲӵۻƺŵʮǿߡ
ײ֮һΪصĲ塣
ͬЩʮĲ壬ײȻҲʮ壬ӵеȴһ٣ʹ۷ʱҲʮˡ
һƲ۵ĲȴĴգ
ЩƺȫմߵĶȴһһεĳ֮С
Щǳײֱʣصĺ;ȫַ
ײѪ֮оЩҲֻײǶصпʵ֡
ײ֮еǿߣҲʺսļƷ
ڶصʵѾﵽ˻񾳽۷壬Ѿǰֻ̤徳żţ
Ǿһ֮۷ĴڶĸԸĳΪƷҲϧռǧ˵Ѫǡ
˴ĴҪôǷˣҪôս۵ʸ
һʽѾΪؼʱ̣ǧĻѪսڵʵսѪս
һսɹѣôЩһֱѹƵ״̬׸ı䣬Ľ»ָյٹ⡣
֮бǧĻǣ
һ̣֮еʦˣɲǼѣһ˲ȼʮĻҪࡣ
ĶһƬѪ֣ʹݶܿһƬѪգ
ֻɱԼˣһ˲ǧ֮ޣֶξʦЩܲˡ
ΪһʽѾ˹ڣҶԼϣΪ˸սЩѾǽӽˡ
۾ȻſаķʱշֻһذֱӲ֮Уһɻɫֱע֮С
һͷѪѪɫᾧ֮ɢҫ۵Ѫ⣬ѪĴ̼֮ĵѪ·ܵĳٻһеӿսһѳ˯֮С
Ѫע֮£սǲ԰׵֮ϾȻһ˵ĺΣ
䣡֮ϵذ˲䱬ѣͬʱؿһɫѪҺӿȫһֻʵĴ֮С
еĹâԽԽһɫѪսеѪҲײеѪ
ʧȥսѪʵֱӴӻ۷䵽˻ڣ
ʽԶԶûнһʵͻȻ䵽֮ϣһҰɫĹâ˲佫嶼С
ˣͬʱ֮еĹʴҲ죬ܵʹһѪ˿Ĺϵš
ɣҵ棡һȣ֮жʱɫͺɫĹâ֡
ֹâǾ޴ĵĻĵѪڴ˿Ϊںϵһ
˼Ŀ֮ԣĸ˵ǰ࣡
ͬһ֧ս֮ʱһΪֲѹĴŰ
ǿѹЩվĶﶼ޷⣡
ȴûһ˿Ŀ־壬˷ܣޱȵ˷ܣһѹԽǿս񸴻֮ʵҲԽǿ
һѹ֮ʱгһöѪɫĵҩ廨Ѿ޴ƵѪ
ֻһöѪûս֮֮еѪս֮С
֮ǰΪս񸴻֮ʱܹǿȴѪս񹮹
ǻɫѪɫսĻѪһһɫѪҺ˳սţ
䣡һϢ֮ɢֱһ磡
ս񰢹ˣһۻһ硣
һ˲䣬һԺ֮жֳһͨصľ޴Ӱ
սǱǺһʱս
ʸ֮ս൱ں徳ʵһǺ徳֮еٮٮߣ
ĵսʿǣӭĵʱɣһϢΪһ
һʥδʥ֮ʱ㱻һӵľӵסһȻը
˻Ļʥӵе鱦֮һڽеʱԵĲͬʱ˻Ļ֮ϵķӡѾȥˣ鱦ʵһ̷ӵ쾡£
ϢһصĽ䣬ߣֻ޴ƽϢɢ
һϢĦ£
սû뵽ҳ˯֮һ֮ҲǿߣһЦȭһϢҲʧ֮䡣
ĵϢֱָһ֮徳ǿߣİµս飡


620 
ոոδָʢʱڵս񰢹羹Ȼ˿Ҫսһ֮еĺ徳ǿߡ
ſΪҪôս񰢹һͷβķӣҪôǶԼʵžԵģΪһ֮ûĶ֣ʹոոδȫָ
սһϹʱڵǿߣϵĺһûϢ
֮ûһ˷ϣܹΪ徳ʿһǾȷѪ꣬ᱻһ֮õս񰢹Ƶ
ضϡһֱʥһشڣЩ˶Լʵģʹս񰢹Ҳκεľ¡
ǲӭսΪǾ£ǸûҪ
ţһ֮оʣͷڹ𣡡ս񰢹粻мĺһ
ʱ˿ڰٲһΪ˸ս񰢹׳Լл
һжֵõģΪʷǿսˣΪ䣬Եͳ˧ֻҪսڣıݺķѹӽһȥˣ
ҴԼΪ˸ս񰢹Ĺ֮ʱоȻû˿ķŭһֳȣһֽĿȡ
ĸ߲ʵʩʽʱѾԤϵһ㣬ս񰢹еĵλ˭޿ģܹΪսһ֣˵һϵҫ
ĶҪǵĽٳµأսһȣһȭɲǼ֮һöݵؽ֮ϡ
¡Բ˲仯Ϊ˽һž޴ʯһӣ
ǳ
սȻĽϵǳ䣬һȭ֮±㽫ݽ췭ظ
֮еɶΣһʱ䶼֪ӦЩʲô
ԪӤھͿԳưԵ˵ʿǿӰӣοһ徳ս񰢹磬Ĵɱһݡ
Ȯս˫۱ͨ졣
ĸİĻѪЩǰļҲ뵽ս񰢹ļ֮С
ܵѹȿ˵ģǸʱǸͲܷ顣
һȽ֮£ս񰢹ķŭȻ´ݵ
Ҫ֪ʹǾݺķҵʱûгֲֹҾ徵飬һ֮ػж飬Ŀ±е˼Ҫࡣ
ɱʣǧʦĴ֮·ֳ·ɱݸ
˲䣬ݱǰҰ߻Ƿ˾¾
ʦĴ֮£ݸɸֿûУʦһȥɶ
Щĵҩͳͳϯһա
һɱھʷ϶ûгֹģҾ徵ɱ
ףɷݵһûӹĵĻɱ
ɽ֮е޶ɱ¾ĸɸɾ
һĹݾͱһƬأأݳľֲ֮⣬һ
ôûлɽ֮ʱʮ֮оֻнûиϻ
ս񰢹粻õüͷڽĴ֮£䵴һҪ˾õĹΪʮƺе㲻
ͣһɫӰݵؽ缱ٷɱš
һ㣬ֻҪӵսǱߣҾͰȫˣֻӴܵľȻǿߣ֮һ߽
ԽʵǻʿҲôǱĽȴһͷɥ֮ȮһӴţ·ʲôֲĶһ㡣
¡һ׵磬һɫĳն£
ϣеĽӦϣ
ʹһײķģչ˷ȴҲ޷ıһˣ
һɫĳֱӴ˽ؿڣ漴һֻɫĴû˽֮УһƻɫĹâδͱһС֮С
ڽһ˹ĵĽָշһС
ඥӦþˣֻ국һЦ
˺Ȼǽݵͣ͸ոսݾսѲҴ¾顣
ǾҲûһ൱ں徳ʿսԿֻǾֱ޺¶ѡ
ǵϵ޺֮ʱ޺¶øɸɾҲϯһգϴ޺µǽ䡣
սĻȥ°һηηβսƤӵ»ɱ͵ĵӲν
һսôĪ˵նɱˣпͶҪݡ
׷İҪڲս»ɱҲʲôܵ顣
׷ݳĽһս֮Ҳ˲ɺԵá
ǰݳĽϴƣȴʶ̽󷨡
ͨĸʶ󷨱Ȼ̽ߵľ֮ǲ̽ߵľΨһȱݱһͬʣ֮оҲʹʶ
ڰѾռ˾޴ơ
ϵϮ˲㽫
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һýѳķΧôսƱػʱ͵ĩˡ
Żһʼ׷ɱһĻ
ǿĨȥһöָϵӡ֮ͽռָ֮еĶһԵӽ֮С
飡һöռָҲ͵лΪһѷĩָ֪϶ʲôֽţҲҰⶫԼϡ
׷ˣߣݲܴˣ׷ȥ֮󣬾ʹ׷Լٶ뿪ݡ
ȥ֮սɫ䣬һα˽ʬԱߡ
жˣһ֮кʱǿķˣսһжϵĳ
Ϻۺ룬Ҳ˵һһ˲ͱնϵģǽ彣֮ϱײӳ˲ǧƣһ֮Ӧûʲôܹ׵ն
ս޷ǣȫ𣬾ʦˣĴ򶷾Ǿ춯صģȴûвκε
ָ֮𣿡ͷŽʬ塣
ȻͣȴһССݣɵһĸо
ܿݱϢ˾ݣ
ŭʥЩͲס
һֹ֮ݶֱɥĲ
ʦ棬սʵ̫ˣȻݣѾ˵˾ݵĸޱߵ˵
ϹʱڵսһѾ͸ɳݴ˵Ⱥŵ飡ϼ֮иֳһͦεӰ
ʦѵƾ¾Ҿʿ̲סʵ
һݣҾģɲǼϼ֮д˱
ʮһͬҪĶӾ
һ¶һ˿пЦݣһ֮󣬵ӱ֤֮һ壡


621 콣
ȥɣʥ֮еϼͻȻʧ·֮ǰͲһ㡣
֪ҹʮӰ߳ʥ˴γʮûоκˣʥ֮еʿҲ֪һεж
ǸɴϿʶ̽飡ճʥоͳʮƴСɴ
СʮƴСɴֻӵеĶһ֮гʥ֮ûκκܹóɴ
ƴĸɴĹע֮¶ʱ˱Ĥס壬һʱʮϵƶʱʧĸɸɾʹʶ̽Ҳ鲻κεʮ˿ͨһ㣬һῴһۡ
״̶̬ȵĽĵľ֮ģֻҪģô֮Ľӭǰδеѡ
սȻݵľٶӦþݱ׼
һʮһıѾսԤϡ
սҲֻǻк徳ʿʵκκ徳ʿ
ʥλȴûܵսƣĿݱ𣬰ȴɳʮɽġ
ʹս񷢾ʮɵжأôʥһλҲԳֽݵ御ն
ݵĽʣµľһĿ˵Ķϸˡ
ʥһλ˿ģսǻԮأһսʥ־ڱصã
Ƕ֮ǻǸ߰ɣͿԵˮ˲ɵ̾˿
һεǾ֣Ϊ֪Ľˮǰڵַ֮оûκ˻֣ᷢȴһսҪ¾ݡ
ǡҪȡඥԵˮпܾͺʿһ³
Сѩ˵˵ͷһж㰲ţ
´ңı߶ȫΨһİ취Ͷһɡ
νºóһôڷ絲Ҳһѡ
Ϊǿһʥһˡ
֮ĶԹԹʹ͸ͲͶˣԸⲻǰӵضҲδػͬ⣬һö׷ڿɻ͵С
ʥȻ䣬֮ҲûʲôͻͱܵĶʥִ
֮Ϊǿȴһȥ
ԵˮǺðţ˾֮С
Сѩ׷ѰˣСѩ׷͵ĹϵȻܲѾø֪ΰ˾ͳ⡣
ڱģڼʮ֮ǰѾˣѩ濹ش֮󱾾һϢȻΪµҩҲǼꡣ
˵֮ڶѩޱȱԪӤڵԵǶ޷ֵ׷ױܿ
ǻ֮ʱĵʬѾʧұҲֻҵһ
ˮҲ֪ǺһƴСﻹһɱĸо
ֻ֮ˮˮʿһͱˮϣҲһİ
ͼˮһ֮ʱ۾һͻҲ̲סɵĿˮ
ǡ
ˮԼ㽫һºеԽԽʢ
Ƿѣ´ϲ
Ƿ֮ѡ
񣬵ܵ޷ϵش֮Լ˻ѵ״̬
һ˷ʽʱ侧֮ͬȴǷһ츳
һֻһҲֻܽһ
һöѶһһöϡеıѣ
ѲǷһģ̲סʵ
Ȼôһ˵ѩ濹ιһͷޣȴΪ˵ġ
˺εȵϡУʹ綼Ϊϡ٣һ֮С
Ѫֻһң˵
һ룡͵ɫе壬ĵİ֮ȼţ
Ҳһɰ֮
ʹֲεʿԼͬ뵽ޱȹĿԣ
֮һˣ
ľȻ֮Ĳ
ʵ˵ĻͶòһλţˡ
һöս漴ż˸·
ǰ͵֮оѾһöڲֶһö֮ѡ
һиϵ֮ʱѾǰ֮ˣڴΧ֮һ֮ͰٺԵ֮ǰ롣
ڷ쭣ֽ֮ìͷָ˼ݣʿ׼ʿһǿסĵĽŲ
սһһȭܸʿֲͷʥ֮һϼ±ս񣬲ü¾
ͬʱһ䶼¾һգЩǶû˷ѣȫаɼȡΪָ֮¹䡣
ʮǱ֮ͷֳʮ·ʼ֮д¾
ȡĽǰɱķʽͲֳĶ
һʼǷŹЩϴĲ䣬ЩС䶯֣Ǹʽ֮˿ڱٱʥôһͣĶˡ
Ҵҵģ˭ܲס
ݼҵ׺񣬾㱻һҲǺĵģľôһ̣ҪǱ˽ϵףôǿɾˡ
һĿ꣬Цһеĳһᣬ˲䱻гƬ
ͬһʱ༸Ҳӵ˽ɵȥ
ľ񾡳ĲλʦˣȻꪻһǿߣȴԲʮɵĶ֣
ɣնĸ֣ɵһЦ
һеĳ֮Ϸһһն£٣
Ȼһ٣
Ҫ֪Ϊʥĵطһשһ߶ײķļӳ֣Ī˵һǧ򽣶ֺ
ʹꪻǿϻ֮ȫһҲ𻵵˵ǳ׵ˣ
ꪻʵӰһ£ضΪ֮ɫ
䣡ɺòãһնһһꪻʣ
ˣʮ֮жǰеꪻʾȻӲסɽһ
ͽɵİԽͬߵǿ·ӣƫ棬һеķһ̳
ɶԵдᳬһУĽʵ̫ˣǼʱҲζǿ󣬼ʹǽҲԸͽд轣һСľ³
ʦɳƺţҽ鱦콣㣬ȻûпɵһЦ
ɾȻǵؽʥʮʱȻѾɳֵز
ʥڴе֮ΪѾһǧˣ
еı콣֮һ˿ܳһֲĽâأ
䣡ɻѣ
һͷޣſѵĻڿŷ֮һӴ


622 
ΪϹޣǷһĴڣײļӳֵסɺһȴǽǵˣƾϵս׽ˣ
ޣԭǱЦһ
һͷϢ֮ʱʥͰеû뵽޷ǵûǱ
٣Ҳð˳ֻҪ޸ˣĲˣ
ǰһͷ޹ĻսδĶ֣ҵӴƶҲûʲôԶֶ̹ΣĪ˵ʮɾսҲҪĶӣ˵޿ƥеǿķȴҲǵķƶ
°Ե۰£һһ֮İ޴ޱȵĵҲһ㡣
ѾĿĹ֮УȻͽһҲרǽɵĽǰԣԵޱȵĽ²ĽҲֻ˰ԵʿŻᴴ°ԵޱȰԵĽ
۰֮еĵһȴܹסһ֮һܽնɱʹǿĽ֣Ȼһ֮±סҲʧȥһֻ۾
һɫâ˵޼̵ս֮ϡ
䣡â̺֮ľ޴һս׶ݣޱȾ޴嶼˸գ
һնɱꪻʵĽɶ޷ĵ޾ȻɴˣĻһѾԽ˽ɣ
𣡡޳ŭţȴ
һϵİ˻Ļ֮һɳֱײ˵Ӵ֮ϣܵĻ治ȼţ
󣡡ɺͽ󷨸ֽٸ죬ȼյĻܵ󷨵Ŀڿвϵı任״Ƭ̹Ļγһž޴Ļ
ɺͽϷֻͣͬһ㽫޸
ɻɵԽԽһսڻĸ֮½һһǶս֮У
ͷһﵹʹ򣡡ɲ̾һ
ʮɵ֮Ҷû˵޷ֺ޵ķǺţʹǶս֮Уǵ޵ۼ˿һսףȻס˻
Զڼݵս񲻽һۣȻмλǿҵķ
ãս󾪣һҪģ
Ȼһϼµסս񰢹ȥ·
ѼȻȤһݣβڶݣϼ֮дϷʵЦ
ƥΪ㣿ս񰢹Цһ徳֮û¹˭
սһȭ޴ȭӰϼ֮ϣһʱϼҴܣʱбļ
սȻ鴫ϼɢһģʿ˳
ݵһλսɻĿǰһꡣ
ƶӣ국һЦ
սüͷһ壬òȻֿȴɵʱ䣡
սһ
䣡ǰ·֮һϼͬһ㵲סȥ·ս񰢹ζһϼƶǰ
ҪǰĵĻɲأΪϵ֮ʱ֮бضǼȮЦһ
ңսŭ
һݣΪβȫ壡սڿɲΪΪϹʱڣʥһˣ֮ԻڲΪжôǿ󣬶ʥһһеϼʱ۳һ
ǰסս񰢹һҲصӵУһֳֽһֳֶܣһ֮ʿӣ
𽣣Ӱ¶ܣʦ澹ȻͨԶĵĽɲ˼Ŀżݵķ
ʱ̫̺֮Ȼڼݷ򣬳ʦ֮ʵ벻һ֮лкܹ˵ȵ
Ŷһ֮Ҳд˵ʿĦ֮Ѿûʵżݵķһ
겻ӵʵǰǿ󣡡֮еϸ̾һ
սϹʱݺķİȴǧһ֮еǿߣһϹǿߣһǧǿߣһƱһ֮ս
ȣʿ֮ҲССְˡ
Ϲʱ湦취ʵϹʱڵȷҪڣʥ֧֣
ϹʱЩʿĹҲܳԽĹӸΨһһܹʥ֮е繦ڻ֮ͨˣЩΪʯʱһԼĹ
һŹһ㣬ںʱεӶܽʱʵӵ¡
Ƿʱ֣δ֮ʱȡ̫֮еľΪ𽣣ȡĻΪӰ¶ܡ
Դӡ֮ûжù˵ѾǼһĴڣǿ
ӲŻὫ鱦˵ڷϧޱȵĶ·ŸʮɣΪЩ鱦΢΢ģ
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սŭȭͷȥ
ϣӾӰ¶ܵסһȭ޴ķ֮˸һν˾Ȼǲ£
䣡еһӣ޾̫ͬһս񰢹磡
ս񰢹һϽ˼ƣһսƾճ֣һסսһȥ
ĺ˶ʱ룬ս񰢹౼ӿȥ
徹ȻҲᶯ÷ģ˿϶ΪԼǼˣֻ΢üͷ
ײе𣿻Ϊֻһ˵벻Ĵڣӵ˵
ĺľս񰢹еսҲɢ
𣿡ӿսɢսʵ
㻹ʸ񣡡ս񰢹һ
ӵһЦʱǣҲºսģһʱһͷޱᱻնɱʱκ顣
ߣ˳μƶš
ɲǼʮʦ뿪ǰģ
ֻǾĿţûг˼˵ûлԱߵս񰢹Ķ
ǵʦˣѵͲʣµЩǸֳһĨЦݡ
սʿԲᱻЩɵߴܣս񰢹粻мһ
ϧ㻹ûиĵʵԱȣϧҡҡͷ
ɱɲǼһֱѹƵļʿһֱȺ֮еʥӱл񼶱ʿ
ʦѾһԮʣµʦʮܵסʥĴٷ


623 ս
ľ֧ս񰢹ʱȴǣסϾԹˡ
һСҲҰǰսЦһнƣ
ս񰢹ճ£
£֮һ֧ɫļʸͬǸ°ӣ⾹Ȼǹǹ
ս񰢹ϹʱĵǿߣಿľҲûʲôֵģ
ǹ֮еս񰢹ȴ˼ΪֲһɫļʸϾȻҲƣƵÿһһ֧ʸϵǿһ֡Ӱ¶ܣӵҲ¶һ˿֮ɫеӰ¶Ҳɳɫϼסӣ
䣡һ֧ɫļʸײӰ¶ʱһڣײĵطռ価ѡ
徳ǿ߽־ȻǿӲĴһɳĿռѷ죬һռѷ컹ڲϵš
䣡˿飬ϵ̫ͬһӿ
˴ڿռѷ룬ܵ˺֮˵Ϊǿģս񰢹绹ӷ·ûܵռѷӰһ㣬ͨݴҲΪ˵Ķ쳣ĴȥɵΣ²С١
ռѷʿͷ۵ĵطħ֮дռѷ죬֪жʿЩռѷ֮С
ǻʿռѷҲǾһû˭Ա˳ŵĽռѷ죡
ս񰢹ӽһսȴеߣʹǿռѷҲκβһεߡ
徳ǿѾǳԽһķ룡
ͿԷѰߵľ磬Ϊλһ֮С
ս񰢹绹˵ϾϹʱۣ֪Ϊԭ䣬֪ڲѹ
ȴͬʥ֮Ѿǧˣƺǵȴʲôһ㣬֮еضҲˡ
ʲôĶܹú徳ǿ߳ٳٲƿշǿһ֮У
ߣӽָ֮еõ˴æµĽЩࡣ
Щ֮дǷڵ伮ռ˴ңʣµĲǹͨ
͵ǿʶЩҲ㻨һٷĹ򣬹򲻸ˣһ֮ҵԼҪඥ
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޺¶һɾҵһ֪ඥ֮ɮ˶Ҳ
ݵŵѱռݣҪõඥ·ȫ
ĿǰϵΪǿܹݺ޲ļ󷨣Ҫָͨµ󷨵Ļͻ㣬ʹǿ޲ҲʧܾӶ࣬пܽԭʹͨ״ݻ٣
ͻǵ͹׷֮ϵ裬һӭж⣡
תͲĿ׷û˵
еڶᣬȴôԵ˿ת׷˼ЦЦ
СԹϵôģ̲ס׷Դ
׷ʲôʱ򶼻һϲת󷨾Ϊһ鷳
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ȥģ׷һ㶡
룡˵
Ϊ׷ʩչ㻤֮ͱٶȫŶ뼱ٱȥ
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ÿֲĶüͷһ壬ⶾϿյĶһν׷ΪմһʬǶʣ¡
ͺ꾵ֶ֮Ŀֲһֶ֮屬Ļһ¶Ҫ꾵С
Ҳƣ꾵һֱ嶾飬˵ôڵĶӦöѾ嶾ѹˣֶ֮ҲûбĿܡ
䣡˼˲䣬ϿյĶҵķڿγһѹ͡
׷Ǿ֮ɫ˿ֲľ
飡һɫĽâ½ⶾɢȴû˿Ĵ⣬׷˳˰
ǶɾĶػ۶ɣʹεʿմȾһ˿пܱ
꾡ɢһӰ˶ϿգؿһһĲ嶾ʲô
ͣ꾿ɻʵ
ͿЦһ˽Ը֪һ˵ôĻҲѵˡ
һ˭أͻָ˱ò
ԼϤͣϵľŽɢ
嶾޸һ˳嵽͵ĻУǵĲ˲͵Ķӣ
ףôΣͲĿŻе嶾ޡ
̶ʮ꣬嶾ٽĴΣʵºһʿˡ
嶾ܹ˿٣꾵ֶ֮幦û
嶾ÿʱÿ̶һڵĶسΪ嶾ѵϡ
ټжһأ嶾벻ѡ
꾵ֶ֮Ҳױѹ͵һμȣɭϢҲ˲١
֮ǰǳ걭ڵĶĥ̬ʼŤû˶صţҲʼָԭˡ
ΪһͲûнʲôΪ˵ͲҪͣͲ
׷Ȼ꾺ǿ־壬һȫĵͶУһҲΪĵطǺֻרעܴﵽߵľ硣
͵רעȫ֮ϣʥܵٻʿӰ죬רעǽҲѡ
׷õҲɻȻȫ󷨵Ĺ켣ңȴĳϵ
ﻹǲ󷨣Ǳļ󷨻Ҫ߼弶󷨣
弶󷨱ϾҪ׷Ϊ޷弶ģʹֻʯͷڲá
һû׷֮У׷ڿݽߵ˲ȫڲ׷ûвһ㡣
򵥣õҲ̾
һʱһʱ׷ϵ边ȻҲķһʱڼ׷ע˲ʮεǿɡ
׷һõĻǱ˸ˡ
ССǧʯͷɵ󷨣Ҳеѣ
תδҲ̫˰ɣ
ʣµıǽЩʯ黻죡׷˲ͷĺˮʹĲ䣬׷廹еԲ
͵˵ͷһȻУΨһҪ˴͵󷨣ҪĵʯɲһСĿǼƷʯҲδ֧ŵ˾޴ģ
ֻɾˣ΢΢̾˿
Ҳεĵ˵ͷҲֻɾܴ˴͵ˣϾһ֮к弶󷨣
޾дӡ֮е֮һֻεĴһһյĹһӤȭͷСɾ͵У


624 ת
һͨʥ֮ѧ޾дӡ޾У
ʥʿһš޾дӡһżͨʲôطӵ˶
ˣǾ͸˵֮ˣʥŻ˴󷽣ʹ֪֮һͨҲʿѰ
ޱȼߡ޾дӡȴ˾޵Ĺá
֮˥ߵ֮á޾дӡһſƼߵͨ벻á
ʹȭͷСɾֻҪӦʱ䣬Ͷá޾дӡ
󷨵Ķɾ֮ͱǧİʮĸ졣
˴ҲǵһΡ
ͻû˵ʲôҪͬʱǧģʹһЩһɵĻɽиٸѾǲˡ
ϾĿԽ࣬ٿҲԽǷĵʯҲԽࡣ
һתȻﵽǧ֮ޣʵ˷˼
֮еϹ࣬˴Ҳֻа̿˵ͲƳ
ǰΪ޲ͨͿǺһʴף¸嵥֮ϵϿνǰ󣬻ϰӵеĲ϶̱ˣԼʹǧһ޴ģǻ͵ĳܷΧ֮ڡ
ͻǿʶÿһζһٸһƣɴҪʱ䡣
ǧİʮĸҲǺķʮҵĹ
һȻͣǻʯ鲼ܱ׷Ļ²һɲ׷ѾһѰ׹ˡ
һʱܹԵĸоԼڵȡһ֡
⻹ǵһˣǵĵȻԼεٶͶе㺦£һɾԱʱ֮衣
䣡һ첼ϵʱͶЩˣڵʮҾſգȾһɾĻֲ֧
΢ָһ֮ͱ㽫һȭͷСɾ󷨵ĺģ
䣡һɫĹ
׼׷һԾһɫĹ֮У
һɫĹĿȥҲ죬άһʱͳɢȥ
ͺ׷ĿŶԷ
ɹˣ׷﷢ľȻ͵
˷ܵĵ˵ͷȻ׷
㿪ʼתЧά̫ã׷˵һӴ֮ͳ˴Ĳϣ֮±Һ壬ЩҺڿвͣı任̬һĹ켣˲Ƶ֮ϡ
׷ԻǾĿ׷ַ֮ǰΪƣ׷ϵ츳ȫչֳ
ӵ͵Ϊ֮󣬼ʹ֮ͨ׷Ҳû˿ͣ١
޲ַͨ˳׷Ժ֮ݹʮˣ׷Ǳ۾ܽͨ޲ȫ
׷޲󷨵ٶȼ죬ԭȲƵͨ׷оȻѾһܸ֮ܵͨɢݳ˿˿
Լܹһգյľͷһʿޱ磡
ţɽ֮нľɻĿһӺݷ
ѵˣȷûʲô֮󣬽ľһν֮С
µĿⶼս񰢹ӵľ֮ϡ
Ѫɺӣ޵嶼г飬޵һƤøɸɾ
˸ϵʱһƬŵġ
ݣʥ¾ģ
ѭӦˬĲľˣ
ʧȥ˻˵սʿҲʥѹƣ˴롣
ս񰢹ȴӲס޷˵ս˰£
徳ǿ֮սһɱôǿճ־õս
ӿʱߣʢŭ֮µսȴĲסӣ
ս񰢹ո֮ʱǺεȵĲһȻҪһ֮ԿĴ徳ǿߡ
ʥȴݺݵսһƣ
ڸս񣬽ʥӵʱĵ
ս񰢹֮ķ⵽֮֡
һʱʣµ嶼ʼҡ˼Ĳϧ˴۸ս񰢹絽ȷǴ
ԭĹԲûг֣ıԵ
ĵĸŮͺĵĸˣѾǲصˡ
˾޴Ĵʹñʹ·ĸ޷ֵʥ
ʱҲ뵽һĵս֮С
ܶ˶ԤУݺķڶŵľ潫һ̳׽
ѩ̿˶ᣬʹˮ˵ȴĵ顣
ıԵʥɹĲģһս̵֮ô
һľͳΪʸ֮ģ˶һš
Щ˵ȴһΪҪأǱս񰢹磡
ܹˬ¾Ϊǣסս񰢹磬һ˳սʢŭ֮µսַӦ
һʢŭ֮µĺ徳ǿ߲¾Ļжֵܹ
֪ںʱʥѾ˳սʣµĽһҪ˵ʿ
䣡ϵ̫һս񰢹֮ӵһЦ
һս͵漴һöӰƾʧ
һӵӰɽͼ֮УʱɽͼһˬĿӣ
ڨڨһЦһһöɾɽͼϡ
ԣҾ֪ãٺһЦһڽһɾ
ս񰢹罫£һָΪһ촷ۣ
Ƭײս񰢹ɱ
ֱʱ߲ŷЩ岢Ǵ׵ĸһȺҰǣս֮£׺쳣
ûк徳ǿ赲սɱ¾Ļ֮ǰ
ս񰢹ɱ¾ʱȴûע⵽ÿɱ¾һ˱һ˿Ѫ뵽֮С
ӵǹݣ֮еĵϲҡҡͷ
㻹˽⣬ΪĿĲֶΣʿķʿԳΪӣһ
ϧǲϿеѪɫ«εҡҡͷ
ôһݺģаݺϵʱޱȵı
ݱıȻǺԤıõģ
Ĵڵǰݽ棡
սçڣǸͲõ˲ࡣ
ʥɹˮһսתǹͷȥԸһȷѪꡣ
֮֮пûк徳ʿڣʢŭ֮µսҲֻлһ;ˡ
ӵֶΣܴﵽĿֲκεİѱսȫǱǹʹ


625 ʺ
׷޲ͨٶԽԽ죬Ѿ¶Ϊ֮̾ĵز
оͨʱվҪ׷Ǿ¶òϣʹȫʢʱҲı׷ã׷ѵһţ
תʱЧֻʱʱһͺ׷ĸԻصԼ塣
ʱ׷Ѿʮ֮һͨ޲ϡ
޲൱޷ݣǰѾʶͨĲƣڹ⿴׷޲ĵطΪͨġ
֮ϵƴӵĺĴ֮ûκε⣬Ӧòֱѵ
ʱһȭͷСɾðܼݡ
޲ԽԽѣʱпʮ֮һ޷޲꣬ȥҪ޲һͨҪʱҲҪһ£һҪĴɾ
˴ɾһ֮гͿҲû˭õóˡ
תȻ棬ȴҪ൱Ĵۡ
ʹڼ󣬸õĵطҪã
ȻͶ޲ͨѶһĹƣȴԶ󣬾׷һȶǱߡ
򲻸ˣʱһ꣬׷֮ͨϻľš
޲ȫͨʹûж¶ɢ͵Ĺâ
һͨһʱ֮Ҳǰٸнǰ̵ΪĲǷ
ĵ·ǰֻҪ¸ҵĿһܷޱ磡
㲻һȥ𣿡Ϳһʵ
ҡҡͷû˵ʲôԭ
һûǿ꾣Ȼ꾲Ը磬ȻҲǿ
֮еʯָ̡ͼ¼Ͳ̾˿
ʥ˴ҪŪԼС
ȱһͲܴؾ
磬ˣһ
һ˦ſȭͷСɾǶ֮У
ɾǶһɲǣ󷨶ʼת޴Ĺһʥ֮ĻҪ޴󣬻Ҫ
֮ͨܵע룬֮ͨвʱɢݳ֮
ѷħ磬ҲҪˣΪһ͵ȵʵ̫ˣ
ԵˮǣͲûдǣ˽֮ʱǧܴˣǰٷ֮ٵ顣
Ȼ棬Ҳϣڷðա
ҾһʹͳɹɻؽˮǴ磬ôˮһӶֻܴ֮С
½ʿ֮ʱᾭϴϴȥ½ϢԵ½ʿ֮ʱһ׽١
׽һΪٳ٣ȹ˴Ӵ˱һԱɲĻֻܻΪɻҡ
ٳٵǿǸʿʵʵԽǿʿıٳٵҲԽ
ٳٺ⣬Ϣնή٣ӱܵʱԽٳٵֳα˵ǱɵĽ
ԵˮڵΪȻ޷ȹٳ٣ʹϢǳһһһҪٳ٣·һ
ͼȲϣԵˮΪһĴڣն֮޷ʶľʣҲϣڱٳ֮¡
һΪΨһѡֻպΪܹ֮ٳһͨǽӵ硣
ȻϹʱʿܹĪͨ鷲磬ôҲܹͬ顣
Ȼ׼һͨ˲䣬һӰһǿȻ
ţüͷһһ˾ȻľʶʮƺųԱ֮еţͯͯս
ѣȻֶͨȻɹͨԭͯս̾һ
֮еñϢͨȻ֮أ
޲֮ʱѾ֪ȴûϱضϣΪľǿǷܹ⴫˵еͨ޲
͵ûʧȻĽͨԭ
˴ĶȻ½֪һΧͨƱػһȷѪꡣ
ͯսѾҪͨϷһ
ƾ㣿ͲмЦһ
Ī˵Իһ꾣ǵ˶ͯսҲűʤİա
ܹ֮ɵҲֻضϺƶˣһ鱨ĳԱ治Ķ֡
ͯսȴ˿ûо⣺ʵǿһҳϣЩʱ򲢲ʵǿܾһеģ
ͯսƳͨһۣҲһĶ֣ҪٻһͨҲ޷ֹң
ɱ֣ͯսȻͨв
һ˭ߣȻ䣬һ£ĿȻͨ
䣡Ȼóѣ׻ʽϽ׽âն
֪Сâഥ˲䣬ͿѪ˳ȥͨҲһ֮г׻
Ĺ̲סһ
֮оȻ˻ͨͨʩӹͨѾȴȻܹɻֻͣͨ˵˵ʵʵ̫ǿˡ
͵ΪͲǵĴڣô˼ȻҪֻͨһԭ򣬲һ˷磡
ﱸһգͨ״ݻ٣޲ضûУ
ʥϿӿԶһЦõһ˭Ҳ磡
Ѫ«׼ˣʵ
һ㲻㵣ģսѾɱ¾ԣһ£Ѫռϣ֮д˵ϵ
ӵ˵ͷôҲðλСˣΪΪĻΪκβ
ѾȥˣϺһ
һҲòǵļƻ֮ˣ˭ôĶΪεҡҡͷ
һ뵽ҲĬˣļƻļƻȻΪ͵Եʺ֦ڣڲòһССĻʿЭ
ֻõһǲܷ磡һ飬ϣϲҪΪҪ顣
ȱĽѵѪܵģǲһ֮Ϊǿĺ徳ʿȴСĵģǵǰΪͨǿзµıԪƶѡ
ΪʵûеҪ
ʥˣһһеֲ֧֣֧ɵģҪֻһ֮вɵ
ˣЩи˵ĻԵٳһͨǲ˵ĻôʹͨҲʧܣ˵ǿƿˣ
ͽıҵһѾ޵ˣټǿʲûܵĴˣ
Ǽϼһмĺһƺ֪Ǹֵһ㣡


626 
Ľ˵Ǹ޷Ԥϵģ뵽谭ľȻһ֮еˣĹ
ǺεĴڣͨʵѾں徳ʿ֮ˡ
УССĻʿ¾ͺһ㣬λһģ
߰ɣ˵ز˾˵
ˣҡҡͷ
Ȼ䣬ƶѾγ˰֮ơ
ǱèҪ࣬ضָǻҲ㣡ƵһЦ
һս֮ҲǾһڶ͵̬֮Ҳһ˿͡
һսͱȭˣ˶ɽ֮Уƶ˶ΪǱɡ
ǻǽɽ֮Ѱ͵ʬ壬ǲǹ͵ϵĶ
ϧʯ̻Ǻ׽ָͼ¼ǿؾزٵĶ
ƶ˼ɽͿ˶ûҵ͵ʬףҲֻǲֻ֮ȭ֮ȫʬˡ
Ϊ˺ʥҲֻܶñ÷֮ҲͳָݵĴɱ
һʧʮ֮ãѾȴˣ˵ԶҪοһʬ嶼ûʣˡ
ǳ˵ϣʧʮ֮»ˣǵˣһֱǾ춯أ
ͨεغεĴڣȻҲܱ޲ɣһǽ
Ǵ֮ͨоܸܵǰʹ֮һ˵ʮþȣͻĻ潫ͨٵĻʱͿѾˡ
Ҳǧˣ
˵ϢͨƳͯսһۡ
һߣѾȲȥˣ˵
ҽȥҲȥȥҲȥˡЦ
֪ͺãһ
ΨһյһռͨҲٵĳףͷֻʣǿƿˣɹʵ̫ˣҾƿҲδܳɹӸոһι֮оһʿķġ
µ񣬰ǰҲֻ·ҪôǺ˻ʥһؾзĿܡ
ҪôǺĵףĽǲú
Ȼ·Ȼ·
ʲôʱʼһһʵڵ⡣
ʱԿʼֻҪĶڣĺһ
ãһ֮Ҵе֮ǰʥңҲϣǵ˳ҵΧ͵һ
ʲôʸ̸ŭʱһ涼ھԵ·磬Һ̸ֱǲ֪
ãҴӦ㣬ֻһ£ȴϵͨڡ
ƣضϵҪǴ󼱣
ƳһۣҸ𣡡
㡭ˣɣҲֻ߶˼䡣
⾵֮һƺͨڰˮߺٺЦ
һµʱ˵Ҳʲô顣
һµʱȴ㹻ܶ飬ȱ֮á޾дӡ˴ɾҽ֮еĵҩȫգЩҩװʮռָá޾дӡľΧЩȻȲϽľ컯飬֮϶ѱͨĵҩҪó̫ˡ
ЩΪԵˮ׼ģԵˮѾǰֻſڵʿˣѰʿѾ˲õĸˣǺҪԵĵȣΪ
һԵеĳǲˣǼʹͻҪΪԵˮô㡣
ƾһɾ˻ڣйȻĳɷڣɾĹҲǲɺӵġ
ΪԵˮǱ´ɾ㹻һ֮Ҳֻͻ˵ز
Լòķʹı֮ͱǰʥ
һεˣǰ;֮տ̤֮·ûġ
һ֮ķģзʥɹֻӶݣ
һеȻѾս񰢹磬徳ǿһʹǴĳҲֻ³
ûбʥϼҵĻҲݺһˣ
ķҲֻʣ°ɽˣľ徳ǿߣɽҲһǿս񰢹ǰҲδػռʲôˡ
ս񰢹ûнǹͷ׼ɽһû侮ʯǼɵľ
񣬵Ⱒ绹ûеɵĵز
վʥ֮ʱֲ˼ʶ
ʶ˵ǿ󣬼ʹһڼʶǿͶһֹĤݵĸо
־ᶨǿг徳ֻк徳ǿ߲пӵеʶ
Сӵе˼˵ѹܹ֮ӵһЦ¶ԼΣ
ضϵҲ¶˳һ֮еİһһһ˵ǰ
ޱ𾪵ĿˣǻԼ۾ˣ
һģһӺضϳþȻһģһģ
𣿡ӵһЦ͵ĲӽӲŤһ£ʵ˭һ涼ޱȵ𾪣
ӦӵһЦ
ǵģͺΪԼҲһͨҲֻе֮ϵͨһ塷
֮˵ضϾȻӵ⻯
㵽׻˶ã̲סʵ
˴ڶҾͻ˶ãҵԱĻҪ࣡Ц
徳ʿܳϣޱȲĿӡ
ҡҡͷϣûеزǺ徳ȷѾ˳żʮ겻⣡
ͿЦһ֮·ȻǽӴԽԽǾԼС
ʿǧԪѾϹˣǺ徳ʿȴɻʮ꣬⵽ʲôĸ
Цһһ徳ʿôԴ󣬻˵˳żҲ⵽Ǵ
µӰӵһЦ鱦飬ϵıﵹǶ࣬Ҳãһؾ֮һЩԱ֮
ؾΣգһ
Σգ̫͹ؾˣʹҵҲĿܣЦһ
ǲҪæһӰѾ۳ԼƳһۡ
ԻΪһȭģǵһһ
ʥˣѾ޷֮ʲôˡ
λǾͽʥȰɣӵһЦ
˵λȻǰɽĽľĵս񰢹ˣһ֮еĺ徳ǿ߾Ȼʥ֮У


627 
ضӵ⻯ϢѾĿɿڴˣ˭뵽ˮݵ֮ģսȻǳͬһ֮֡
͸ӵ˵ĺҲ徳ǿ߶Ҫޱȼɵؾ֮екοֲĴڣ
˵ĺ徳ʿѾ˳żһ仰ҲЩɻ¶һ仰֮Աǣȴеš
ضӵ⻯ô˳ʱضϴʱ䣬˴ѾʮʷˣҲζһ徳ʿܻʮ꣬Ǻεȵ𺳡
ǹں徳ǿ߰Ӳûϸ˵ҲûҪ͵˼һҲֻԼ²ˡ
ĳȴʼδģӾȻҺֱ뻢ıƤ
Ҳ֪ӶԼʵ̫ţǵ͹Ŀֲ
ػʥҲǸпǧʹȥô꣬ʥ֮лһ㶼ûиı䣬ӵ޿ɱİ˵һΪѵõء
ƳһۣȻокԼһϢָоͬѪһ㣡
ָо֣޷ȷеݣ
Ϳǹɫͷһһ֪Լںһ˿֮³ԻҪҡ
ڵֻ֮һ㣬ټϡʥ𹦡ѪڣʹҲῴʲôҲǲ֮еĴҡ
ѣҲýյʯóˣӵ˵
һʯ̵ʲôͿԼӵʮС׵ʯ̡
ҡҡͷʯ̵ҲΨһ֪ıؾĻʯһʯ̣ʹͨı£Ҳؾ
Ҳû뵽ؾȻӵǿ徳ʿҪеĶܿ
ҲԾڴˣʯʹֻδ¶
ȻνǵĶ֮У˵ҲһССĻʿ˿ؾ֮ѹûҪʲôá
һؾ֮徳ʿǿʮ֮еĽɶûвֵʸ񣬸οͣ
ӵǱ֮ؾʸûУ
һǵ£֮Ѫȵս񰢹Ľʥ֮С
Թˣ¶һ˿Цս񰢹һǱƺܿġ
̵ģǸʱڿûаŵ飡սһ
ĵӣս񰢹ɫͼˣ
ս񰢹ѪȲǱ˵ģԼģ
˵Ҳս񰢹ԴѾ֮ͨӣҪѡǿƿա
ȻȻҲ⵽ġʺ򡱣
սȴûôãǻδ̤ͨѾ⵽˹ٻҲͨԼֻ˼Ѫû˵
ս񰢹ǿƿյģڿռ֮⵽ʿĹռͨ˲ȿռѷ컹Ҫǿ˺֮Ҫս˺顣
ҵսո뿪磬ƾǿ;˵ͨȻӲĵֵס˿ռͨ˺֮ƴص˷磡
ʹ˻ˣսȴʧ˿ռ֮ͨУ޾ûʧս񰢹綼ʹ
Ѿ˼նһͷδȡǺķ˴ϡϲƶɵģȴ˿ռ֮Уβʹ
һǵһǣʿ֮ս񰢹ҲǿƿˣһǿƿվͲ棬ﻹڶΡ
ʣľˣӿŰɽķ΢΢̾˿
ؾ֣֮Ҳܹɹȴȫİգнľæ˾ųɵİգľĪ˵һ֮У֮Ҳеġ
Ǹľͷģ㲻ҲĻӾֱӰһ
ʹҲѹһ֮УѾ⣬һصȻҪЩֵϼһ֮أ
ٵȵȰɡε̾˿
˵ʵѳ˽ľ̫࣬ȴҲܽܣ
ֻҪ⽨ľڽľΧһ˭ܱġ
ˣȸӾͲǼ˻һؾս񰢹һ
Ҳ⶯ϾҲǰ취ؾĿѾǲˣ
ˣλ˽һ֮У
ʮɼӼæֻʮɲܽ죬ʥ֮ΪԣĶ죬Ҷ֮е֮Ѿ飬ڻʿ˵һΪѵõıأ
ɿ͵ӰһЦͻҲζؾ
ضʦĻһҲֻǸո֪ԼһӵͷȻһˣĽʹһʱ֮仹еԽܡ
һֽ˶˽ȥԼĵӶ⣡
ʮö׽ָſͼ¼һʯ̣ؾﾡ֮УӵΪȻЩԿԼ顣
ʱʮ꣬жһķҪˣ
֮ʣĳƺųԱҲ½߽֮У
ͽʯָ̡һöͼ¼˳
䣡ͼ¼һ֣ҵĲ˵â𣬺һͼ¼ںһ
ָһ㣬һöεľƯ˿УСģʯ֮ϵһģһ
ʮö׽ָѾ㹻֮ˣضϵĺһʣʮƺųԱϵĽָӦˢˢǶʯ֮ϡ
ʮСѾʮֻʣеöָˣ
ֱͲ֪Ϊ֮еĳԱᱻָָǳƺţԿףΨһĲͬԿҪЩԿҪıǴ֮
ֻлʿ֮ܲЩƺųԱһʼͳΪʮöָϡ
ΪҪ뼤ʮöָҪ֮Ǻ徳ʿҲ֧ţԱȡַٳɶ࣬˳Щָ֪Ѿٸˣÿһڵ֮ᱻһ롣
ͿڴӵһЦһҽöָǷζһᱻɱ
ɫһ䣬µҲû뵽ͻһ֣
Ҳѹͻ˶ɣɲһС£һǿ⼸֮ʵΪСһöָĻ
һôǶӻǶûκõļֵ
Щ˽ĺ֮Լ֮仹ЩԹʱǻֻɱҲ֣
СӣҪսŭ
ԼģǱ˸ģҪĶͱǺˣЦһ


628 ʯ
ʲô˼ˣ𣿡ͬĻɽһ㣬ֲѹѾƴ
ֻҪһȱЩѹᾡӿͣ͵ΪпܾǱһѹӲ
ԻڵʵϷˣ徳ǿߣҲǿٵͷһˡ
Ҳһ˿徳ʿͻʿ֮ĲͬԨǿɴ˵Ҳοͣ
ӱֻ֤Ҫؾ򿪣ͨϯλһӱϾһֻϺ꣬ȻǿнԼĻѹ
֤νı֤ĻܹڣͲмЦһ
屳Ѿ̫ˣ֤ֵǮĶոճҲţ
ҪΣս񰢹һ
ҵһԼҪ
Ϊ˭һҲ䣿Ц
ֻƳһۣû
㡭ԼȻͺˣеŭ
ãؾ֮һ룡˵ϣӾȻͬˣ
΢΢ö׽ָ˲Ƕʯ֮С
ˣϿһڵĶţ
ؾȻ֮Уֻʯ֮ϵĹâԽԽǿܵâ䣬ϿյĺڶҲԽԽ
ؾΪٳС磬Թʹڵģһܵһؾһֻ֣Ǻʩ˷ӡܹ롣
Ϊؾ򿪶ϲ֮ʱ֮һ׹һһӰ˺ڶ֮С
СӣһҲһͷ˺ڶ֮С
սҲһͷڶ֮УȻ˺
һȺӺضϾȻûжǿǸɫĶڽպϡ
ȫɣϽķģЩΧʯ̲ͣתʯ֮ϸոհȥĹâȻһ
֮ǰһڶͬһγֵһ߲ʵĶڣ
ߣֻǰ֮Ͳ̤ĵطˣӶһ߲֮ʶ֮С
ʮɺʮƺųԱҲ
Ƭ߲֮ʵĶҲʧˣһλָƽ·ʲô鶼ûз
ؾһΪڣһ·һ·
ȿǸɫĶڱ··νʮҵ·ʱؾ֮оųɵĹӿ·ʹԭͼΪãʧ
Ȼ˼ȫαȵϺ꣬ʹĺҲӵϴˮ
һʼӾǴ⣬Ǽ˳ΪӣΪ·߸Ĺ
ؾ֮дŴĹޣĿֲ
ΪһпѪȴΪЩǰȡʿʹ·ϵ˾ųɵĹ·Ҳôߵģ߳оͱһͷҧס˽ף
лû⣬ûʿλСС߶ֱ㽫ͷնɱҺƳ⡣
ǲ߳оͲԼĺԽԽ٣ҲԽԽģ
ʶ˲ԣҪԪ壬Ѿˣصõ˵ϣãԪȴѾɢĸɸɾ
ͷߵĶҺԪģʹһʼͽҺƳ⣬ԪѾж̶̵ֻ˲䣬һʿؾ֮С
ϧһ
ǻΪǻʿ޵еĴڣؾ֮Уһֻ۵СӶ֮أﲻˣϿʣµĶʮʿ˵
ҲŻֻҪܹųȥҸұ֤ǵõıȻҪǧõĻҪ࣡Ц
飡һĴֵָĶڿб㱻Ƭ
ɫӰͬһڻƵΧתţκͼƵĶᱻһӰӸɷĩ
еǰ֮ʣĻʿҲҴ⣬һǲòߴһ
·ˣô·أ
սǰ޾ãһЩӰƻõĹ꣡
һڵ֮תûǹһ·һ
ս񰢹Ǹɴ࣬ޱȵľ޴һһƬ
˶ͨĺ徳ʿ·һѲǣ˾һһ·˹ȥٶ·ǻҪһЩ
··Ļ㼯ؾ㣬һ㲻Ǹոտʼˣ·֮ϵ˵ڶ൱ں徳ǿߵĹʱλҲ϶ޱȵͷʹؾ֮С
·ȴʼղӰҲսֵĵط͵Ϊߵô죬һ·׷ûз͵Ӱ
𣿵ûС
ͷǵûǻúܺãʱ֮а
Ȼûϸ˵ǴӵֻƬ֮Ҳ֪ؾһΪΣյĵطΪӲѰ·
ҲűûеǱ飬ѾͬһСĸһͷϱɺΣյǰ
ټǾ֤ĸϢǺ徳ǿҲԲᷢĴڡ
ûκεͳΪһڶˣ
ͨոսڶ㣬ͱҲ޷ƶ֮С
ѰټʶĸͲò˳飬ʹļƻҲȫˡ
ԭͻһӳǰģϧؾȴᣡ
ڶֹʮֱаٱ֮ͨʿпܾͱӲѹ
ʹҲ߲˼ͻſ£ʹתɰ˰̬ÿ߳һΪѡ
ҵǵڶ֮ûʲô޺͹һпҪ͵
ﳬѰĹϵʹͨʯͷĸҪأ͵һָСʯͷò
ǺСӺһĴָСʯͷ̧֮У
⻹治˴ĵطһ飬ͷ·˦ɽһ㣬ûɣ
ͺС̧һĴָСʯͷʹж˰ٱǻ쳣ĳأ
СһȭȥһСʯͷǵûκεˣСӵĹͷ
ʯͷʲôôôӲͲаþ׻ʽնһ£ûаѾ׻ʽˣ
˵أ·˷ۡ
֪㣡ͿЦһ
ⲻͨʯͷ±˰űһͲεĻ
ϻͨʯͷôôأ̲סһ䡣
ټ֣ʯͷʯ޷̧ʯͷ·˷ۣ


629 ѩ
𣿡һ뵽ʯͷͲ˷ʯһöӡһѹȥ¼˭ֵܹ
ºٺһЦԣ
仰ͬһˮе飡
ʯȻǳޱȣȴⲻò˵һΪϧ顣
ЩʯǱĥѺ֮
ʯӲҪĥһҲԲһ򵥵飬ԻõʯҲ鼶Ĵڡ
ʯǺųѹʯͷʹᱻѹ˶ʯһʵǶԲԼ
ʯʵ̫ˣһöĴָСľͲСѹҪüҲһ¡
СӷѾţ֮ڰĴָСʯŽ֮У⼸еľˡ
ڶΣյĵطȴĥ˵ĵط
ųٱʹǻʿҲ޷շУֻ̤ܽʵصڵ֮һһ߹ȥ
ʯضǣڼϰٱߵ᲻ϵݡ
ͨʯͷȻܲס޴ѹ飬ʯȴᣬۻ߲ٲ˫žѾˡ
Ͷˣοʿ
ڽؾʿ֮Ҳֻս񰢹ǿһʿʮɻ˳Ա֮жûرǿĴڡ
Щ˸սڶͱͻȻ˰ٱѹ˵ϣǱͻҪվ
ʹͽֻ۷ǿߣٱ֮Ҳֻǿ
ƵȻҪôһ㣬ҲΪޣǿܹŲŲ
ӿûܵʲôӰ죬ǲ˫Ҳ֤żʹࡣ
˶ڵڶͣʱһ춼δ߳ʮף
һȺ֮һˣʹսҲԶԶ˺档
սȻǷǿ˲ֹһΣȴûı
ͳܲ˵ʱ򻹿Խ֮УڵѪ԰ָơ
ȴֻţҲǿҩάš
ּĻȴ̶ȵĴ̼ЩʿʹǽֲעĽǿѾܹһЩˡ
ڶʿ˵һجΣǶ˵ȴǾѵ峡˵һ֮⣬ǱС̧֮еġ
˲Ҫ巽ʽЧȻҲǼΪ͸սڶȣǿһ̨ףʹǧͶࡣ
ڶأЩʿ꣬Ѿӽڣս񰢹ֻ׵ľ룬ľٶȥĻͽ뵽ˣһ˿¶ܽ㣡
ͽаҲֻǿЦһ
ΪǿߣΪĻڣһǡǡǿԶԶ˺档
ǺŮ֮ӦȽóϾˣʹľβҲǿ̫ˡ
ѵͽĶڶʱ˲䵽˱֮ϣ
ؾĵ㣡
Ǳ硣
ɽ࣬ͬʱдɫƣְɫʱͶɴ
ôô䣿ĵװܣۼ׷еô䣬̫̬˰ɡ
Щɫײ͵ֱϣʱ͵ֱ۶ס̹ǵĺֱӴ͸ۼף
䡱ֱֱðϻ춼ϻ֮¾Ȼþòһӣڻļ󣬶ʱ͵ֱ۶Ѿľˡ
춼ϻ֮𣬾ȻҪ˳ʱ佫ɫʵǿֲµĺҲﲻֵز
֪ɫ֮ҲҴ⣬ǱܿЩɫ
һɫ˿ֲһѵĻͬԪ񶼻ᱻ˲䶳ᣡ
ؾڶʱ䣬ʹǾսҪ뿪ڶҲҪʱ䣬˾͸˵ˣȵǳҲʮ֮ˡ
ųʱѰҵĲڣ
ѰڵͬʱҲû
֮ȻǱѩ磬ޱȣȴΪ棬ϵľѵص㡣
ڵ֮ǺӶ֮еתΪһ֡
ڵڶüͷһ壬ĸоһγˣ·Լһ㣡
ָоڵķ
ȻʵǷȴû壬ڶȫǿԼޱǿΪӲţȻƻҪһߣ
ţڷӶ͵һھ֮һżΪ
ؾ֮ʶͱѹʮңͲ̽鵽Զ
֮Եʣȴ֪ڰ֮һž޴Ѿʶã֮Ϣ
ǿʵҲֻаɽ֮еľʤ
ںĵʹ֮£һһĳһɽ
ԽǿһɽǰɫԽ࣬Ѿһܲ͸磬һֻӶɲ˵һˡ
˼Ȧ֣֮һɽְɫڱסˣҪһɽͱȽЩɫ
춼ϻ𶼲ܽʲôܹأ
ȻһɽɫĻֱЩɫ˲ͱֲ¶
𰸱ǽطףĽطףֻЩжûмʶԸЩɫ˵ǲѴ֮
һŰɫһȱڣͼæս֮У
ô۷װҲʹˣδȫɣ۷ÿһζӰ죬Ҫʱָܻ
֮УһؽɫԸյľ֮Ѿˡ
Ӵ򿪵ȱڽɽ˲䣬¶һ轵
͵һ㱡
㱾Ѿˣɽ֮ȴ䣬¶½ͶʼԼѪҺʼˣ
춼ϻ͵ͻȻһɫĶΪ͵˴ĺ
֮תͰһɽϵӿ͵֮УתΪ
ά涷Ҫ൱֮ȴܹΪʱزȻǳ룬ͻǿ֡
ɽܹ֮оԼһž޴ԽԽˣ
飡
飡
飡
ɽ֮һž޴ıɽڹĿͣ
ϣ׻ʽնһž޴ı˲ͱһΪ
ǵпһɲǣڱ֮еıͬһϮ


630 ɽ
ͻĹҲһһɱɫĻţ۷Ҳ
̣Щײڱ׵ĻʱɫĻ˲ϨЩ͸ֱۣӴ͵֮У
ת˲䣬ͲµͱϤȥ
ҵǣǧһ֮ʣͶ֮Уûܵǿ籩Ĺ
ʹ֮еıҲ˲С˺
֮ϵĿֲǰɫҪǿһ͵ͱ⺮ᣬסΨһܹҲֻ֮֮
˿ֲոһ˲ͻᱻЩնɱ
Ϊ˽ڵĺƳķµĹ
ɽ֮Ͼʲôţ򲻻һɽͻ⵽Ͱ̾һ
˵Ͷؾһ֪Ҳڡ
ڽؾʿ֮ҲֻӲŻ֪ؾ֮ʲô
ʱѾ˵ڣȻѾս񰢹磬ȴû˿Ļңޱȵţ
ҲֻԼ֪ڵһ޽ӽ徳ıǬߣͲһʵ֮ǿǺ徳ǿҲѽɱ
ΪҪǣؾĲھǬߵӵ£ҪĲҲֻнɱһ;
ڽؾļ֮оһ֧ʵǿҲаջɱǬߡ
ս񰢹磬ʵ֮ϣϱǬƤӵпֲ˵һʵܹӰ˳Ѿǲˡ
ʵǿȴûʵ֮ϣ޷־սҪɱǬҲ൱Ѷȣ
ΪҪǣġһŹκεطǿʵ
Ǳѩ磬֮ﵽ޿ɱĵزʿ˵ʵܵһЩƣǶ˵ԽǿʩչͨҲԽ
ϣһɫĽâֱֱɽȴһǹ£
ɽ֮ϹȻжüͷһ塣
һνһɽѾһԺˣһ֮תˣȻûзֵĲڡ
ֻһɽδ̽ĲڱȻһɽ֮У
ΨһЩɵıɽǿֲĺƽ
Ҳ̽ɽ֮Уɽ֮ϵǾԲṥġ
ҼʹֹԷҲֻǱˣ
ֻҪͲɽ֮УԷƺû鷳˼
Ϳɽϵﲻ뿪ɽ֪һž޴Եʡ
Ȼûмʶ͵ľ϶һɽ֮ϱȻĵرڣƷԲͣӴͼʶı֮һǰĴڡ
Ȼľ̺İܳң
ıħĲ;Ʒˣ
ɽ֮ϵŵر֮еĽľ֮⣬ʣּǲ£һ֤ⶫĲ
ħĲǷϽ֮ϧ̶ȲԶ
෬֮ͻǾҪɽⶫǺ
һ߽ɽ֮ʱɽʼҵĻζɽϿձһ֣
𣡡ĺֱӴ͵֮С
ֱָ꣡ͼæ񣬵ֵĹ
֮н޾˪ʹñͱޱȵĵ¶轵ʮ
⺮˪֮͸ûκεֿͷ˲֮У
ɽ֮ϵǺֹ⺮˪徳ʿܶסɡµ˵ʱѾ׷ˣɽ֮˹ţͨҲȥ
ΪĪ˵ɽûߵɽѾɱˣ
Ӧòһ½ʱû˵һ֮˵
һѲģһ
ӦòǣҲȷ
֮е֮ͬ꣬µļԺգҲܽеȫ
ĿԱȽСп˵
͵˵ͷҲȷܡ
Ҳ˵Լڵһ粻ڶ֮еһˡ
ؾ֮д͸¶ŹŹ֣ʹҲʲôܵ顣
Ψһеɻǣؾʲôأ
΢һϸɶ֪ؾ֮ӵһԷͨԲŻؾһƺ
Ǵ߹Ҫʿ
ﻹǵѾѾֹǻʿʮа˾Ҳ֮С
̵ģڳˣȻ䣬֮дս񰢹
ս񣬱ĻҪһЩͰ̾һ
ڽҲڽڶؿս񰢹ߡ
ڶÿǰһǿǰٱҵǵڵʱѾӵ˰˰ٱҡ
ͣͣϢͬսʵʵڶ꣬ʱ޿̶ڳž޴
һܵĶȻҲҪǿ̫ˡ
Ҳûа취飬͸ôĻǱѹ
ʥһˣʿ֮⣬໹ǿܹ֧ţ
ˣȫɽͼ֮УӺһ
˲䣬ڶ֮мâͽаɶһΪһɽͼ֮С
ؾָƵβ֪һؿǻ˽̤ʵصһһ߳ΪľҪЩֵܵĶ
꣬ЩʿҲѾ˼ޣϵĵҩʯϣȥĻ·һ
ҪǣҪŪǣǴﵽ֮ʱлʿɽͼ֮С
ͻսͬЩ߶ǴӰ죬ֲַ˵Ψһİ취ȴ쳣Ӵ
䣡δսһ޴ıֱսԴ
ҲǾȵĿɽսδɽķΧѾ⵽˹
޴ıȻɽĽɳɿıԽս
ս񻭳ƣսݺݵ޴ı֮ϡ
ϣսµıʱѣһƻûսҲ֮ɢ
𣡡սͺһ˫쵲ס޴ı飬˫һţȫ˫֮ϡ
꣡ս޷ľ޴龹ȻսӲˣ
ÿֲĺս񲻽һԼͨ˫֣ʾȻᱻ⺮ˣ
ƺǲսԼвɽ֮ϵڰͲסˣ


631 Ĳ
ɽвͬһĴڣͲƽϣôҲԲ˵
ս񰢹粻ͬ൱ں徳Ĵڣֲȫܹв
ԭһСߣս񰢹Цһ󲽿ǰһȭ˱ɽ֮ϡ
أһս񰢹һȭ֮£ɽʼѣ
ǡ֮йۿͿǰһĻ𺳡
νġɽȻֻɽһ֣һͷ­ˡ
սѵıǻͷ­һˣս񰢹ȭͷ̺֮ĿֲȴѾʹһߡ
ߵͷ­ҫˮĹâ嶼ɱɵͻǵһμ
ͿԿ϶زһ֮е
һͷ­ɽһСôһߵж
һͷ弶ްˣҲҵǰսЦһ
ǬȻ޽ӽں徳ǿߣ޽ӽҲζŻǣҲһͷ弶ްˡ
ǰܵİȻһž޴ͷ֮ϣ
ڸʮͶҿһǬߣļһҲֻк徳ʿ⣬ֻʿҲֻܿվ
Ǿ޴ͷ֮ʱʱĻðɫϸĹ۲֮Ͳŷ֣ЩޱͷʹİɫȻߺģ
ҲܽΪһɽΧ˶İɫˣ˵ĿֲͶԴҲֻʼ򣬱ʾΡ
¶һͷ­սһСĿǬߵǲСȻֻһͷ弶ޣȴҲսֺ徳ǿҲҪӡ
˼ĺǱŵ壬ǱǬıǮ
սҲʡ͵ĵƣһƣһű廹ҪľУһǳɣ
һ˱Ǭߵ۾
˵۾ΪĵطսȹǬߵ۾ȷѡ
ϧǣսǵһμǬߣǬɺɵģ鶼Ǽޱȵĺ
սԷֽʯûдﵽԤڵĿ꣡
ûеսعµıѣһ޴βֱɨս塣
β֮ĺ˲ͽս񶳳˱
סսһʱᶼ޷ѣȫҲ۾ܹת
Ǭ߾޴¶˳޴˵Ҳף˾޴޼ʹսҲǵһμ
޴ǰս񶼱Сӣ
⼸ռһһռľ޴ҲֻܿЦһ
㼸Ǭߵƿ֮УҪĹҳͨĲǻڰ
飡սı㱻Ī飬ս÷ϵƤҲ֪սûܿࡣ
սһ徹Ȼһͣ
Ϊʰ㣡սһȣ˫һţ˾ͬҵ˱Ǭߣ
Ǭ߾޴ͬʱҲж
⼸ռ˰ռľ޴ζᱻռɽײ
飡ɲǼмĽ
սȫԼҵĳ֮¾ǱǬҲ޷ֵ屻ײһӡ
ɫѪҺ˳˿һأ
裡һ㶣ǬߵѪҺȻǺ衣
˾޴ֽ֮жٵĺ裬ǬߵҲƱϵľϡ
ﻹһͷްȫһɽ
ս񰢹ɱһͷǬߣδػЩģͻлһʡ
Ǭߵȷ츳ǱϾҲֻһͷ弶ޣʵսʵĺ徳ǿһĲࡢս͵Ĵ򷨣ȫ˼ԼˣҪıڶʱ֮ڽǬ߳׻ɱ
ǳ־սĻǬ߻һϾǱѩ磬һʼռ˵ͨʩչԽսס
սͲǬᣬһʼǽսⲫĪǬߵıۼס
ȻսҲǬĺˣȴû˵
ս񰢹ͺһ
һֱ֮йսֻǰһĿĹâ̲ס۾
һ۾ʱ򣬱ǬѾնΣսѲӰ
˾޴ıǬ߾ȻӲնأҲֻս񰢹пˡ
һҫ۵ضնɱǬߵĹؼڣֻǲ֪սϵкֱ˸ɾĽ̬ıǬնɱֱӽնΡ
أʹӵս޿ƥеħϵɻ꽣Ҳһز
һصĺѾսൽ˰ܼһ֮УôĺͰװ׵˷ˡ
Ǭߵ幻ʧĺȻ࣬Ҳֻռ֮һңдʣࡣ
һҪҵĿɲǺ裬⺮ãǺһʼӦӴȫûпɱԡ
ӦͷͿͬɽһͷ­Ҳһѡ
˾޴ͷ­һʱҪҵ治һ׵顣
ˣֱӽȥ˵Խͷ­ӽ֮С
龭δı֮󣬿ռѾ㹻ˣȻķŲͬɽһͷ­
ʣµһҲΪˣϾٴҲܽ˴ıǬװȥ
ͷ­ĵطͷ˽ĲڣȡһЩ֮ͱ뿪ѩ硣
ӵĽһûͷ­ıǬߵʬ塣
̹ȻĿͲǬߣƳһ۱˵Ĳ㡣
ӵȴڵͬú̿һ㣬Ǭ߾Ȼˣ
һŲߣ綼Ĺ֮Ū
Լƻõһȴؾ֮гЩ΢ĸı䣬ԼǵһģҾǬ߶ˡ
ǬϱĶԲںڱǬԴϵѩȴпصĶ֮һ
ȻѩǱ֮ܹȥȻܹõеĴ࣬պĵλȻҲҪˮǴߣһжΪӰ
ߣһΣҪҵӳǸܿͻָ
ʣıǬߵʬսɽͼ֮ˤŵӽ˵Ĳ֮С
˵ǱѩĻôĲǻ硣
Ĳǰһ͵ıѩ粻ͬĲ˵ˣ
ӵ춼ϻ𣬸ʥħġʥ𹦡ϢԽǳĵطԽ
ŵ²ðݵ۽͵һЦֳѪɫۣһԾ嶼û۽֮С
۵һɫĹâһɫĹâֵס۽Ĵпֲ¶ճɻҽ


632 ֮
۽֮Уڵ֮ҲתţĲ֮гĻϵתΪĻԼ֮С
ܹоԼڵһٶȷţٶ֮лҪϼ֡
Ĳ֮л֮Щ֮֮Ҳһ޴ջ
ܹоֻҪĲһңضܹ׻ڣ
˵ٶʵЩˣͽ׻񲻹ңǵ֮ڽΪȹڻڣҪͻơ
ٶȾǳʥ֮ʮɣҲҪ硣
Ȼ۽֮ȫʱȽĲս񰢹ȴ鷳
ͷӹľ޵סս񰢹ȥ·
Щͨʯɣʯı滹Ż棬ǺɻɵҾеƣʵȴűʵĲ
ս޷ļͷҾޣÿһͷʵ൱ں徳ʿ
һģսʹڲĵλͷҾռ˵ǿսҲֻǿԸͷ
ͷһϵĻսҲп
ͷҾ޵ͨڣ
ͷҾ˶ڱϣսƶ޷ͷҾڣһӭͷҾ͵Ĺ
֮ս񰢹Ѿ˼ڣȻǱҾϵĻˣ
ƾʵԻͷҾ޵ģӰһԡ
սһȻ֪˵ʵǱô˻еܲˬ
ؾ֮еǴΣһͷԺͺ徳ǿ࿹ıǬ߾ѾǺͷʹˡ
ĲףȻͷ൱ں徳ǿߵҾޣκһͷԺս񶷸£
ŵĵĺܶ࣡һ
ûսһ³çжǹ۲һһת֮ʼ
ΪףͷҾ޸ͲǶܹ֮նɱģװ˷֮׵ô˻úһ
ڵڶؿҲСǻָĺʱ
ȫת֮£Ĳ֮еĻϵͬˮһӿ֮С
һȵĿǽʵʵӿ֮С
Ȼ֮ǺȣһӤˣ
ټ϶ļɵҲֻԼϢתֻ֮ǿšʥ𹦡۽֮еĻϵ
ս񰢹Ҳ֪ҪƳͷҾҲһʱ飬ֻ۽Աߣӿռָ֮ȡϣ۽֮
ս񰢹Ψһǿƿ֮ʧ˿ռ֮Уֻʹ۳ս
ڶԸһЩСʿϲûʲôףؾ֮кܶʵ϶٣˺ʵȻԽԽǿ۳սĻȻԿ
Ҫһ徳ʿʹõķһһϦ飬ս֮ǰһǧʱǿɣֺķ˴ʱԱԪ
սҲҪֻصķҲֻҪһܹԼͨʲôĵΣؼҪӲܹסޱȾ޴
սóĲϴʵؼӲһ࣬ЩϺ˳ĻһȻټǿ
һĹһߵնˡ
Ȼûʲôͨһն֮ɢϢȴΪ֮һǱһնĻһʮֲֿ顣
ˣĲĿռͻȻһ𣬴ʿ˵Ĳ㣡
˵Ȼһˣ
ӿսһЩССʧȴû¶
·һҲֻԼ֪
ȴûм͵ӰЩοȻ滹һҪõ͵ɫ⣬ǲȥȡĴƻ˵ûʲôӰ죡
λѵ٣Ϻ϶ʱ¶˺ͰЦݡ
ǿ죬ǵ̫ˣսһնһᣬһҵֱ˶
ǽɵ˶ɫһ䣬ֵһֲ硣
һܲ˿ֲ磬սǿֲһնɱ¾Ļ
սαΪЩСӵһЦһӱ㽫һ绯ΪΡ
սһ˵ЩûõģȽͷҾްɣȻ˭Ҳ㣡
ӵһЦҪͷҾкѣ
˵ɣͷҾÿһͷҵȣͷһϾҵҲҪ䣡սмĺһ
Ҿ޿䣬ʵıֻһ֮ģֻҪ֮ģҾȻܣ˵
¶һ˿Ц˵ôɣΪβж
ӵһЦս˵ҾʵҵȣͷһӵϵĻҵȱɣԱƣ
̵ģ˵˺û˵һ⼸ͷͲ뿪ڰ벽һǵĹΧᱻΧƣĵսƿڴ
ӺεȵᱻսЩ׵Ľ
ҪһնЦ
Ȼû˵˵Ŀⶼսϣ
սע⵽˵Ŀ⵱ŭҪȥΪɵ
ֻҪǸ˶֪䵱ն֮˱ȻǾһͬһʱҪͷҾ޵Ĺ
һ룬ʿ֮Ҳֻսʺϵն
ҲֻƤ쳣ǿпֵܵסͷҾ޵Ĺ
ֻҪսܹ£ֻһϢʱ䣬ӺʵԻ֮ģͷҾ˲ɻ
սɵӣѶ㲻ϣҪΪ̫߳Ҳ첻
ӿս񵭵һЦȻս񲻿ϣôҾԼˣǻɱҾ֮ñȫң
˭˭Ӳϡսһ
۾гһˣ˲һ޴˲䣬Ĳ¶½˲١
޴ĶȻǱǬߵǰʬ壡
¡
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ǰһֱŶڵҾޣǬߵʬ֮·ǿ˲Ĵһ㣬Ȼĳ˳
ͣҾ޵жпǰһͷؿڱһϼУؿڵʯ׶ʱѣ¶һųɫ֮ġ
֮ĶҾ˵ΪҪ֮Ҿ޵࣬Ҿһľ棬һ٣ҾҲһʯˡ
Ƕ˵ٻ֮ʵǱ
޾дӡһֻɫĴֱǶҾ޵ؿڣ޴˲㽫һС֮ĸ˳
۲ͼʩչ޾дӡʱҲһ㶣޾дӡȻ;


633 
ս񰢹綼ޱͷʹͷҾӵȴͬϷһ㣬֮ͽͷҾ޻Ŀ֮С
ӵǺֶΣȻҾ޵㶼֪ôʶֶεҲòʿ
Ҿ粢ټȴܹ׵Ľ
ͷҾ൱ں徳ǿߣҪ뽫նɱϼѡ
ȴҾ޵㣬ɽնɱɲʲô˶ġ
ҾȻӵк徳Ϊȴûһ˿ǣȫܡ
ݣĲֱǬֱϵ޵֮ЩҾһеĳ
ǡǡӿɳ֮
ʩչġ޾дӡ˶Ϊ֮һ
޾дӡȻ⡶޾дӡܹһС
ԼҲһָо⡶޾дӡصǰ㼦ߣϧڶ֮ҲѧѣȫȫԼ
ռʩչ޾дӡȡĿ֮ԺͲ֪Ϊһ繦Ե˵ļߣ
ضӽ֮ڹ;ļĨȥһʥ֮еʿûע⵽
Ŀ֮ģ綼Ǽֵ֮ӣսһëûзֵ
ȡ֮ĵʱսҲܸ֮ܵɢĴĻϵ˱кôʹǺ徳ǿҲҪ۲
ϧ֮ǰսѾºڣһýԺ޹أҲܷڣӵӲֻһ㡣
ӵһЦĿ֮㹻վȽŸˣ
˻ΪǣȴѾΪԼ֮ˡ
ӵУ˴ؾ֮ȻΣأȴ㹻н񣬷ǵ˻ΪԼıǰ̣
ȵ˶֮ͲŴ۽֮ðͷ
۽ŸʶòŲǷ֣
ͷȥ֮ĵҾ޵ʬ壬ϻ൱ǿĻϢ
һ˦Щʯ鱻֮С꣡Ѿȼ˵ɻһӵϣһҧЩŻʯ֮ϡ
ڶʱͽͷҾ޵ʬɡ
֮ǰЩɻŵҾ޵ζѾ쳣ļˣͽرյĻ⼸ֻɻпֱܾӳȥˡ
ЩҾ޵ʬɻ˵Ǵ֮ΨһźΪ֮ıӸȡˣпЩɻһν
Ͳ׼Ͻ㣬ڵΪ˵ǽؾ֮һĲҲһΪѵõʺıأҪûκ˻š
ӻǵĿ궼ǰҵҪĶǾԲ᷵صġ
׼ץסʱȡܹ׻ڣһĻҲ˲١

һ꣬Ȼڻʿ˵һٰʮ궼Ƕ˵ʵе㳬Ԥϡ
ΪԼӵ֮İܹһҽ׻ڣȴķʱ䡣
ȴ֪Լ껨ĺֵ⡶ʥ𹦡ħ֮жĹǽ׻ڣڵ㷭һ
Ҫǣ׻֮󣬾תȻܹﵽתȫת֮£۷ʿ
ȻǺ徳ʿĶ֣ȴҲ˱ֶΣٲڻ֮ʱԺ徳ʿѹΪ
ͿͨĶ֮ʱһǿҵΣжʱͽΧ
飡һޱĽâؿڣ
ͺһһѪ˳
Ȼ㣡һ
ɺͲȥǵѪһ
͵һμȣϢϻʵ϶˷츲صı仯
ոһâ͵ʱ͸޴Ӷܣ
죡
Ľһ֣
쵽޷ֵ
͵ؿһɼǵ˿ϣ
ƾͨʿǿʺ۵ķͲǿһâ
֪㻹ܲܽҵڶһЦ
콣ıһɱɱңɱ㣬ûκεĻɿԡ
Ҫƴ𣿡üͷһ塣
Ȼ콣ڽ֮ȴ޷ͽЩ
Ľǽƫ棬һɱ֮һ΢Ĳľ
ûģһɱ֮ûܹ
ǺȴûиͿǵʱ䣬Ѿ͡
ǴʱתܵĻض޷Ǳɱһ
ƴһѣüͷһ壬׻ʽС
ľ׻ʽǽʱͬգһ˱׻ʽ֮ѾͳգѾܹóɷȵɷҪһ
ʱһ˱ȫһ֮Уһɫĵ绡ð͵嶼ɫĵ绡Χƣ϶еĻγ˽ɫף
ͻǾò֮һɫĽ˾׻ʽ֮ϡ
һɫĽ֮콣
Ǵ̥֮оͿʼ֮ͳ󲻾ãһ콣Ȼɣֱڵ֮꣬ʢ
ͽһ֮Ҳʹ˵ƴȫˣ
ǰ׹һһѾ֮У
죡쵽޷ֵһ
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࣡ɫһ͵˫־Ȼʼ
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ʸ˵𣿡һ
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ûд⣬ñ콣ʩչɱһԵı콣׵˴롣
ˣҲ׵ԣһָ޷
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ͣһɫһֻɫצײһɲǼ׻Űˮ߳ûߣ


634 ǧˮ
鱦ڵ֮д֣
ЩµʵȻѾָĲ࣬ǺͿִȫʢʱڵȽϻкܴһξ롣
οϵ߳һأһȥ֮ĲͲһˣ
ϣڿнײÿһײ׵ͻ
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֮ӡԼսֱӽ˵㣬ʮɺ˳ԱѰ֮еĵر
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ֻ£һӲݶܱɺҩ
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ҲֻȺ徳ʿеӽ㣡
ܴؾ֮ʿʶɢڵ֮еʿûһܹڶʱ֮ڸϵ
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ע룬Ѫϵٶ˺ܶࡣ
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µһҪƴˣ
˶ģһ㣬һ鱦ҿɲôװ׷Ź֮д˿յЦ
֮ԻɣɳΪٵһ;
һɣеһжữΪޣһ㣬ʹ鱦Ҳ⡣
ϵɻ꽣ʧȥҲΪһͨķ
˭˭һأкâһöɾֱӴԼ֮С
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綼Բܷ飬ȴеķԼǰһǷʺ½֮У
ؾһǣһؾ֮õɾȥ෢ҲֻͲܽ͵Ϊʲôôɾ
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һֱź׵ҲûнԾǴ֮С
ʨǿҲǱ״֮ǿһߣҪ£ͺͺˮߣǻʨҲδ
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ֻһУϵɻ꽣УҲֻܵ˵ͷ
ĪӹһٵĺҲԼģ;ȻǷŹ
ͣһҪɽҵɱ¾һ
ܵĿ죡֮һӰ˺ı
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˵Ļ͵ʶǿ̫ˡ
ؾ֮ʿʶƵ£Ҷķֶ֮еĺ飬ʶǿȿɼһ㡣
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пػҲ޷˲Ϣ֮նɱһסô֮е߱ᳯ߿£ʱҪҲûеطˣ
ڽȥδһʱ֮Ҳûо
ȻȫȴʥһЩ˸ʹвɲڱǬ߻Ҿޡ
ȻһߵģҲǹѲڡ
ǽ㣬δ֪ΣҲЩǡ
Ͼһ·ؾ֮еȫһΣأǰĲûʿˣвǻΪɻҡ
֮еҲΪһʱ⣬һСߵϣԪûüӳ
ǲ˵һѵѡ
֮ͻѡ㡣
ģСġ
ӵ˵򲻵ѵʱɴͶ֮С
Ϊֹͻûмʲôܹһӵġ
ʵϺͬ뷨ʿҲ
Ȼʥһ˶ӣڵʱǻӽ˵㣬˵߻ʵԶǾΣ
ΪʿһǾؿѣ£
ɻѾվڻ۷ʿֻôһСǱɳΪ徳ʿ
ؾϣҲͻƵĻںļ֮С
ʿʶ֮Щ꣬ʮĵر֮˭᲻Խļ㶯ģ
ҽĽǶԼʵĵģΪʹΣգҲܹƾԼֶٲþͻص㣡
ʿһʮռһҡ
ɣƣɣаɣ죬꾣ɣɣɣ
ҲΪˣͺͺսʱûж˸ϵ
δ𣡡
δ𣡡
ǰŸտͨͨͻȻӿһֲõԤС
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һʱ޿̶ڰֻתһ
һƬˮĺ֪жǾôɵɵĺˮӲĻľǱˮ
˴ʹ֮жˮĶʱ̵ĻûʲôʱһĻȵˮ֮к϶٣


635 ˮ
㾹ȻˮγɵĺһҲе⡣
֪Ϣ֮пûᵽһ㣡
֮Ȼˮ֮磬ˮȴҲֻһСô󣬸첻ʲôв
ǲ׺ɣôȥˣǸССˮ̶ȴ˺㶼ˮľ綾
ʵԲĽɺͽɽ㲻ʱȫѾˮĶظʴ
ɵȻܼ֣ҲԼֲ˶ã
ؾĵȻûʲôˮޣʱ޿ʴˮȴӵĿֲ
ˮľ綾սǿҲմǣ
֮еʿ֮ɵĲǺ徳֮꾣
ֶ֮˵Ǻηˮ֮Ҳֻ꾸ֱˮ֮ߡ
ˮ֮ǵû˺꾷ֺǳΪԴȪ
嶾СһҲ̵ˮ֮д
ڵĶİװֵ嶾Ѿȫܹˮ綾ˣҲֻ̥Ķԣˮ֮֮ߣ
û꾵ֶ֮壬Ҳû嶾ΪˮĶԣΨһıǿں嶾飬ıϣ˹ֵ޴ڵˮ֮
ˮʹˮ֮֮Ҳж
䱳ϵȻҲҪ˹ֵˮĶأǱЩӲŵʿ˵ˮ֮֮Ѿɵˡ
ڽʿΪؾΣճ̶Ƚ˵ʱˮײѾ˫۾סǡ
ɺ˫ۣ͸壬㣬ȴţһС
ľĻЩ飬޾
ˮײЩռţ
Щƺŵ˵ζȫʼϸϸٶȼ죬ת֮䣬һԾˮ棬һҧսұ֮ϡ
սüͷһ壬ұȭǿʱ㽫˷ĩ
ұ֮ϵһŰɫӡȴսеԾ
սķüʯݣϵɻ꽣鱦ȫת֮ĳ̶Ҳֻˡ
Ǵˮ֮Ĺ㣬ҧһڱǳһӡЩδҲ̫һЩ˰ɡ
սõģһûɱ˷
ǽǾûôˣһȺˮʱǸӦɱһҧ˲ӣ˲㸯ãԪ񶼱ʴһϢʱ䶼ûм֣ǿ߱ˮ֮У
ȻҲҧУڱܵһ£Ǳҧۣ
ǿɲУĸҶ룬ϱ㿳ԼۣҲˣɲǿסһ
ЩĹҲһʼˣЩ߽ٹնɱȴ˿ûм٣ԽԽ࣡
߳ҪˮпֲĶ֮⣬ҪϮ
쳣ķƳֵ
۽ⲿ¶ٲ֣Щһھҧװ˷˴
ҲֹϮ꾲Ҫķֻ轫ڵĶ΢ųһ㣬κοһɵĶữΪһ̲Ѫˮ
һ֮гЩ֮ûбһ֮ͬľֺԶȫõԼڵĶػ˺ߣ
ȻЩˮ֮У֮ҲˮĶԣǺֶȻС׼ף
ȴûַգһǵû⵽һϮѰЩ㣡
µڳһ֮ƺֹˣʼĴԣ
Թķʽټ򵥲ˣβһҧһףȻһ̣һ㱻ˡ
ȴ֪Щʲô·֮ǰҲû˵ˮ֮лģ
ҲЩʲô
ʱˮ֮зһЩ仯Щˮ֮вһȫµ
Щûκε޶㲻ϣˮ֮ȴ޵еĴڣʹǺ徳ǿ߶ЩơС඼ҪԶ֮
˴Ĺ֮ҲͻƵıԵֱؾ֮жɽˣ
ҲΪͷ֮еһͻƳΪļޣͻ֮ˮ֮иһԣȻܹˮˮĺ֮γһˮ֮ˡ
Щһʡ͵ĵƣȻļƾǿ츳սδظˮ֮к䶯֣
ˮҲǹΪܼĵطһˮɫľͻȻ˫ۣ
ô꣬˼ˮɫľڴ˵ͳ
ˮɫ۵һɲǣеĹ㶼ɢ
ȻûЩ㶼ڱͬһ˼־壡
Ⱥ徳ǿߣЩҶоһ˿һĿ־壬ˮɫǰȴֵ˵Ĳ
Ҫǣˮɫһ
ɲǼ䣬ž޲ˮ֮һ˿
ţˮ֮Ȼˣߴǧɵľǵصѹ˹
ļž˲ƣ
͸˼˼ûУֱӶ֮У
ˮ綾ȴޱȵƽʹҵıըڿ񱩵ĿҲ޷ˮ֮Ϸһ˿ˣ
ˮȴͬͨĺˮһ㣬γˣ־Խκʿ
ֲ̫ˣֲ̫ˣˮȻҲˣһո־˾һ¡
˵ıĹһ֣ĵֵ㱻ĹҧУ嶼ûˮ֮Уʬ޴棡
۰£ֲˮˣɺԥʹ˰Ե޴Ľâ˲㽫ˮնأӽɵ
ʩչ֮һеͨԾΪý齫Լ˾֮֮УķٴҲ޷һ˿˺
༸ҲǸͨȻֵļΪǱȴ֮л
ˮ飡ӿǰһˮɫľüͷһ塣
׳壡ˮɫ˵ͳһ
ЦһһˮˣΪ޵ˣ
һƬףǵҵУˮɫ˺һ
޾ˮͬγˮֻҪˮɫһЩˮᾡӵϣ
ˮɫˣӵɫҲ
ˮɫľȫˮɵģˮ֮кǺܳԿġ
һ֮еˮܹ뿪һ㣬޷ܿˮɫľˣ
ȻսҲұսЦһ
дһķʱ䣬Χ¶
ˮ֮ϾȻ˻棡
ͨʿȻ޷ǿšȴˣ
ˮ֮ϵĻԽԽԶһһ㣡
ﻹΥңɣ֮еˮȻ¡


636 
޾ˮԽһ徳ǿ߸ʴҶʣ£
ȴֳһ˿Цݣˮµ˲䣬ˮ֮ϵĻͻȻӵϣ
ֻһͬһ㱡ĤһĻסӵ壬һ污ĤγһˣȻˮ鲻£
֮µˮĻ˸û˵ӷֺ
ܹͬʱƿʥǵУԼġǰʲôطܷӳǿս
ʹˮ֮ϣܹʩչ˿ֲĻϵܹͨˮͥ
ȻһôӦ֪νһˣĿˮ飡
İɣһҲҵˣˮЦһ
üͷ΢壬һֶָʱһѻ泤һˮ顣
Ҿ죬Ҷ·ˮһˮ֮ʼڡ
ˮˮУ
䣡ˮײ
ˮ̺֮Ķļ֮˲һʱ֮еˮ֮ǿ˾綾ûʿ˲
ӵлػȴǺˮɫˮ֮ȫĻ˵棡
ˮҲһ㶣ԴǵһκﶷʩչͨҲǸеЩ𾪡
ֻҪˮ֮֮кսôˮռһ޿ɱƣһζȲϵģ
ӵġȷǲܹ֮
Ҳǽðˣһ֮УˮȴǿԿǧˮ
ˮһһӰˮ֮Ǽ򵥵һȭܼĺˣơͨʿܹģ
һҲǲ֪ˮˢٴˣȴȻͦ
飡еĻ𽣴ˮ壬֮ϵĻʱѣ
ˮ޴ʱըѣǿıըˮըһƬˮ
¸¸£ûõģҾǲģˮ֮֮дˮЦ
һˮɫľһγӵǰ֮ǰĻҪ޴
ˮ鱾ˮǣƬˮ֮ܵϵһһˮɫľ˲жˣӽˮɫľ˴ɢһǧһΣҲ˲ˮ飡
ˮ鲻
ܹ˲佫ˮ֮Ҫնɱˮǲܵ飡
Ҫ뽫ˮ֮ȥǺ徳ǿҲδ
ָâһɲǼ֮һֱ۴ֵ׵ˮ壡
ˮո۳һαɢ
Ϊκβ𣿡Цһ
ˮȷռ޿ɱƣˮ֮Իӵ˾޴ƣ׷䴿ԣ
ˮɴˮɵģ
Ȼˮһ淢ӼǿԽǴĶ֮ʱͱԽ
ϵͨͨ⿴ǿˮɢ
ɶ㵽ʲôˮ龹Ȼʼ
һˮ֮ϳ˳ǧƣΪֲ׵֮ڿţ
Ҫʲôˮһ
ҪӴһ֮е׵ͬʱ£Ŀռ֮гž޴
̣ˮ֮ı涼һţ
ˮᱻ׵֮˵
ˮˮ֮ΪһƣͬʱҲƣˮ֮ΪһȻܹٿˮ֮ͬʱҲζ޷뿪ˮ֮
һˮ֮⵽ôˮͬҲ⵽
ҪʹǿϵͨУˮ黹ûɢһ㵹еӵϡ
ǧҲѾӵļˣȫˮɵ֮УҪʩչϵͨеΪˣ
ؾ֮еĺ徳ǿ֮вûóϵͨĴڣҪɱˮ黹治һ׵飡
ʹ֪ˮ㣬ûǿϵͨһĻһжǰ״
ӺˮսһʱҲͽˮ鱻ӵϵͨˣͲҳ֡һʱ֮һ޷ʩչʲôǿϵͨ
ڱˮɵʹʱȴޱƵĿ֮磬ˮȻǿֲɫȴǴˮɫͨۿǱһζ
ΨһеźıǣΧʱ޿̶ΧһȺ㣬Щɺ˫ۿֱë
Ȼ䣬͸оһƺǱʲôǣһ㣡
û⴫ˮ
ͲĿǰĹˮ龹ȻΪԼһ乬
ĲϾȻҲˮˮ֮£Щˮͬʯһ㣡
ǸӦģͻȻ䣬ǰһǰľȻӣ
𣿡ˮ龪ĿԼӣ
ˮһμǽԼӵӣ
ˮе飬ƺеܾ档
ˮ֮гЩ֮ûбˣҲѹˮһ鶼˵ľ棡
ˮʱ򣬼һöָ˹֮С
Ҳ֪ĸùʿһȺˣ
ЩôôֵĶˮҲ֪ⴢָʲôãһӣ
Ҳˣˮ齫ӵһԣԹԵߵһߣ
û嵱ǲܽһ𣿡ˮ鵭̾һ
ǰˮĻͻȻһŤһռͨȻ͵ǰ
ڣ
߲ͨڣ
ѹƾѰҶ޷ҵȻǱˮ
ˮ֮УֻҪˮ֮ҪһƾǺ徳ʿҲ޷֣
ˮĿƺ޷߲ģ
ҲÿˮҪ߲ʱ򣬿ռͨų֮ˮ
һҲܽΪˮҪȡӵˣҪ뿪㣡
ʹֻһˣֻҪһӵǵﶼҪ
ľҲˣԲŻΪ⻯
ˮ״ǱľҪң
Ϳ߲ͨĿռͨҲһȣֻҪԼǰôһ壬Լǵһ߲ˣ
ûɥʧǣǿаסĵļ
ʱȥĻδռͨѾ綾ˮʴҶʣˣ˵һɲˮڣܹռͨļ޽ӽ㣡
Ȼˮ½ӴĹ
ˮĹ֮ͻȻһλ֮ͣ
ˮһ㶣Ҳû뵽֮⾹Ȼܹˮ֮ƶ


637 ߲

⹬ĺȻ
ˮ飬ˮûӵҲһ˿ȡ
߲ģʵ
Ĺ°ˮǲˬǰӵ׵ͨһӵĻ˵Ŀˣ
ǻδˮʲôжһһסˮĲӣ
ۻ꣡
ɲǼˮ֮ʼһ˿˿ɫĹâûǰˮڣ
ϸֳеķģЩγһǿĽƣЩɫâӡˮڣ
㡭㡭ʲôˮ龪ֵĿ
֪ʲôֽţһǰδеĸо
ˮ飬еһжһ֮Уһ屻ζʲôЦĿˮ飡
ˮ֮ǿΪˮ֮޴ڣ˭Ҳ޷ɱ
Ϊˮˮ֮־ɢˮ֮УֻҪһˮˮ㲻
ִڷʽҲȫ㣬ӾѾҵˮֻǲʩչɱˮǿϵͨѡ
һȴǺȫͬǲȡΧԹǽˮ־ȫۼһֻҪɱôˮͳ
ոյǼӡǽˮӡһ֮У
ַӡַʿյģ
ĻͿ˵ȻҸұ֤᳹˵
ˮ˼֮󣬻ѡˮڵڳǰ
ʶ࣬ͬķϣҾͷһĺһһ˵߲㡣
ʹѾȥˮ黹޷ƽ
ԼոֻҪ˵һ֣Ļ᳹ʧ
ܹĿˮ͸֮һɻɫڲţͼǼӡ
µӡô׾ƳģÿһɻɫҪʱǼӡǿнһɻɫѺȥ
ˮе־ۼ֮кڶˮ֮ƿǿ˺ܶ࣬Ҫ֮ǰǰˮ֮ƿصĵزȴǲˡ
Ϊе־ۼһ֮еԵʣˮҲʧȥһһôе־ɢʱ֮Ҳûˮˣ
ΪĻ߲֮ʱ˵Ļ
ͬķϣһ仰ͺǲ⣬ѲҲˮһĴڣ
£֪٣ʵ
֪ĲǺܶ࣬ҲǼΪصĴڣҡҡͷ
ȻĵλͣǺֳưһİȣ֮ľѾˡ
ʲôʱֵģͼʵ
׷ݵǧ֮ǰ˵
ƾճ֣ʵǿ˼ʹʿҲȴûзʲô·ƾղһ㡣
ºͺˮȻҲǺ˽⣬ҲֻܽʷҲǿʱĹؼαܿˮ߲㣡
ˮȻʩ˽ƣʹûɱˮѾΪ˿ܡ
Ҳֻǵǿĺ徳ʿԣֻʿ˵ˮ˵Ǳ
߲ͨĿռͨԼʮңƽʱ˲Ϣľ룬ȴΪôҲ粻Ŀ
ɱˮ飡
뷨һ־һֱ͵
ʹ֪Լʵˮ֮𣬵ȴܾԼɱǿˮ飡
һžԼ֪ζģ
ˣˮ֮һȥ˵ǻɱˮ飬Լᱻˮʴˣһ;Ȼ˷뷨µʹǳ⣡
ȴԼ뷨ˮʩ˽ƣ˵Ϊʱ򣬶ҲмŵƣЩһˮҲǳԲ
ħ֮ħĲ֮񶼲ǺöԸģ
֮ǰ֮еʱѾоˮ׵ǱȽϲģˮʱͶĸоˮһ׵֮
û뵽ǣˮ׵ǱȽϲǸû־ɢڸӵǧ׾Խˮûҷ
׵ͨΪóģͻ²һɱ÷
֮ڵһСڽɫҲڿʼѾӵڵСӣ֮ϲӵǿ׵֮ӵпֲĽطס
⻹ڣһȫ֮ʱӵжôֲ
𣡡򿪵˲䣬һֲĽɫͻȻֱӴˮ֮ϣ
һֱγƵˮû뵽ԼĹ֮л⵽Ϯ
һɲǣ̺֮Ŀֲ˲䱬
ˮ˲ڻɫɢɫĸɸɾ
ôһҲеЩ졣
һףͽˮûɢ
˷ˣָƯڿеˮɫᾧ
Ĵ֮ˮһľһöˮɫĽᾧˮ֮
ǿ׵֮һлϢ˭ӵ˿ֲͨӿԶĹ
ߣ͵ͺһۼ׶ʱ֮ϣҲʮ֮һʱ䣬ͱ㴩ʮɵľ룬˵߲㣡
ÿֲĶԼѾʴۼףͲһ
ôʱ䣬۶ʴˮĶħʥˮ֮ˣ
ͻع۲߲֮ʱȴ߲ھѾʬǱˣ
ʶȥһ£ָһ㣬ʬǶΪ˷ĩȻһʬǵѾ˺ܾˣҲڰ֮ˣ
ʬͿԼѾڵüͷ΢壡
ʬΪѸͣô㹦ʬѾӵֱ֮ϣ
ͽתǿʬ˳ȥ
Щ֮ʬ֮϶˿ֲľ綾Ȼǰ˾綾֮ϣ
ܹؾ߲ҲǺ徳ǿߣٲҲǻ۷壬Щʬǲ°پߣ˶ǿ߶߲ڣ߲ΣտѾ͵ˣ
߲㴦͸¶ŵϢļžȼֱС׼ף
ؾ֮иݲ˿Ĵ⣬ҲϧһѪѪɫ˲͸ȫҲȫ߶
ʹͻǾЩգֲ˼ֲŸСĵĿһ
һأĿΧ
ôڵ߲ڣȻЩʿ޷Σգ


638 ȳ
һжûзԼΪԼǶˡ
Ȼͷɾһ˲䣬һӰһ͵Ĳܣһ˱֮ϣ
ѵ޴ķ֮ʹһĲˤ
ŵڵϱصıе㲻Լ۾
һ㽫ķѪı׸أ
ǵˣ͵ĸ֮ϻһ˿ڣڽĵ֮󻹴˱׵֮£Ȼܹƿ۵ķ
һӰٶȻڹ֮϶ԳƵӰϻŶ
֮ѾɫĶذ˿һ㣬ôЩȫͿ͵ڣǺǲ룡
͵СĽڹŹתһȦ֮ǰһ˿һĴĻôڵѾһˣ
ǺӰٶ֮Ͷûа׷ϣ֮ͱʧȥǺӰټ
ʹʶҲ޷ҳκε˿
ҲӰѾ뿪ˣҲӰǱһԣȴһεĹᣡ
ˣĹȳ棬ȣҲģ˵
ȻǷͬСɣҲѹֻôʿȳ£
ȳԿгǿ汾ٶȻ϶Ҫ߳гȼ
ȳԱܿʿʶ̽飬ӰΣ
Ҳʿޱͷʹ棬Ϊ߹ȳ̫࣬޷סȳĹҪշĻô͸ϼˣ
߲㱾һƬţټһֻʱпȡĹȳ棬߲ܹ֮ԳƵһ漣ˣ
ЩȳҲûа취ԸھŹҲһϲ
ЩȳȻȴһȴûʲôֿǡã͵һֶ
ɻķۣ
Ҳһ㶣ۼΪ󣬵ҪóƷߵķֻзƷۣ
Ҳ᲻öãһֱͨ꣬ȴҪóͶеۣ
⿿𣿡е㻳ɡ
ģҪܹһȺȳ棬ջԱ㸶Ҫǿٱ˵
Ⱥһ㶣ͻȻһֲõԤУ
˵ˣȳ涼ǳȺסģ˵Ҳаֻ½ڿյ֮˵
ͶԴҲֻǿЦһʹ±֤Ǿ÷չȳһ壡
ͻǵ͹۶Թȳջ󣬽һյĹ֮оͳʮӰ
ЩӰͲʮң͵Ϊ޷ЩӰǺĿ
֪ЩӰȻǾֹģȴԼٶƶţÿһƶķȶС۶޷ֱ
˵İɣ۶ڹȳ˵һУ½İͷһǶԵӡ
ЩӰڶݵ֮󣬲һеĳ嶼û˷֮У
ֱʱͲſЩɫСһ
Щֱгķ棬Ψһ±Ǻɫ֮һЩΪֲĻˣ
Ҫᱻ⻨Ի󣡡һ͵ϣ͵δЩ֮ʱͽѣ
Ҳһ£ָоֱֲ̫ˣ
ܹ⻨ƵΣգһ޷뿪ֻһ˵ĻʱΣˣ
ô죿ʵ
ȣЦ
Ե۶˵ͻǵһ
ȻǷЩһһ¿ͬʦһ㣡
ָоѾþûܹˣΪܹ̼͵ĶѾԽԽˣ֮ǰֽѵ͵ҲԽԽ١
ѵץסһΣȻҪ˵
ȳɻķ쳣׷󣬵һͻȫ̱˯֮УʿҪշȳͱȵõۣ˵
ɻķҲôõõģҲ˺õõ˴ۣŪˡ
շʮֻȳ˵һɱ䲻֮¾ӵҲҪ䣬Ҳʹһ֮һԱ
ǰǼ徳ǿûһ˰͵£һ֪ܹв֮ʱǱЩɵ
ʹӶ޺˳ǵɽȻƣȴҲܹвǣ͸õĴ
Ȼ˵ǰ㣬ʮֻȳ֮󣬽һյĹȫ˯ȥ
ڣȡǵľѪ޽ԼѹͻΪֻҪв˷ܵ˵
Ҳѹ»˷ˣʹļ֮Ҳֻȳ棬һǵһ㹩ŵģʹһӾͶʮֻһ֮оǺˣ
֮⣬˭ܹóôأ
֮һЩʿֳۣȴǱȳ濳ĩҲûУһֵĹȳޣôʣµĹȳͻᷢ񣬷֮µĹȳɱ񣬷ɱ
һóķֻȳԣҪʮֻȳ˵Сһ
Щȳӷ̳֮ʱЩӲƵѹ
Щȳ淢Լ͵޽Լ֮󣬵ŭĳ͹
ߣ֪һ֮£ֻȳ嵱ѣ
˵ҲҪЩȳ棬ֻŪֻ֮ʣĲŻʵ
һ˶ʮֻȳ֮ʣµʮֻŰ
ͬӥһ㣬һЩȳôǾķˣ
ʮֻǿʣһ룬ԤڵĻҪһ㣡ĵ˵ͷ
ʮֻȳųȥ֮Ƭ̹Χڵвȫˡ
߲֮һֻ϶мΪֲĶأԶʿ
һ㵹ǼΪʺ꾣ԻΪѳ
뿪ȽϺã
ʮֻȳ濪ͼǲõԼᱻһЩ͵Ϯ
߲֮Уȳһԣֻɱ˵ķݣЩصٺãᱻȳҵһɱ
ʮֻȳһǧ֦ǰȴЩ־壡
һｵһȳһ֮ҲкµĶ
һ㵹ͼΪ棬ʲôùȳ涼˿־壡
һ˵ŹӦ̫ûԵˣ¿һή˵
һּΪֲֲκοʳΧﶼɣҲеĶ
Сģһ콣˲˦˳ȥ
ϣ콣һѪɫնһ⿴Ȼס콣
ǻŵŹһϵɻ꽣͵նһâ
ˣֻҪ뿪ĹΧûˣ˵


639 ħ
һŹȻûȫɣķΧҲǼޣֻʮңֻҪ뿪ΧŹŹͱ޳Īˣ
ŹҲһǾӣ
߲֮вֻЩ綾ЩֲﶼС
Ϊ߲һԣȳҲ൱˽⣬ЩȳĴ֮£ıܿһЩΣյĵط
Щطǡǡǽ߲ĵط֮Ϊʡȥ˲ٵ鷳
ֽΪֹ֮ʣµʿֻˣɣɣƣ꾣
ʮʿ㣬Ȼһ֮У
սȻˮ֮ڵǱǻһ˵߲֮УҲ֮Ҳֻʣʿ
Ǳ嶾ˮ״У綾ޱȵˮ޷˺ֺÿһ֮䣬ˮɫˮ綾ᱻڣ
ֶ֮֮һչ¶ţЩˮ綾һ꾵ͱΪĶ
ڱ꾱ؿڵ嶾ѽѽѽĽлţȻˮ֮Сһܣ
Ԥһ꾺嶾޽߲㣬˱δ󺣣ɽ֣
ƿ˵Ϊɵһˣ֮һˮ֮֮д裡
෴ΪҪڻ֮ϵĽȴǲά裬ʱ޿̶Ҫֵˮ綾
ϵĲ࣬ɻΪҪʤƣȴûлƵ֮жŴľ֮һȻʲô˶ܱȵϵģ
ڵ߲֮д֮ʱѾȽ˵ڰ˲㣡
༸ȣڰ˲ȴԵޱȵĿտ
û޾ĹҲûıûпֲˮڰ˲֮УΨһܹıһéݣ
Ƕ֮ˣһЦֱһéݣ
Ȼ䣬é֮д˷ŭ
飡һɢȻ۵еľ֮ɫ޷ɢȥ
㻹еһ
Ϸģ˭ֻҪҿϷضȫʬ
кһҵҪ㵽ʲôˣ
Ϊףû¹˭οһ֮־ڱصãһҪŪǸŮ֮⣬ҪŪ֡
Ȼϣַ粻֪Ҫǿ϶ٱ
Щȴֻ֮ⷲУҲĻ
ÿһ綼еĶڵһ磬еĶǺǴڵǿ߶ҪƴһĶ
ԼûмʶڱҪԶ֮Уƺһʿһ磬ص֮󣬲Ѿ𻯳ɣ
Ǵڴ˵֮УǴڵǿҲûмʶɣɽҲһңɼΰˣ
ʱıˣ˳ɻĹЧ񣬾ħҲ֪һ֮дı
һħսһ
ħ磬һҲܵսݱҲһսʹı⣡
ڵʱΪȻ۷壬Ϊ޷һ磡
һѲ岻ͨôͽԼһӰͶ䵽һ֮УʱһӰȻҲʵ壡
ҲǳǰȴĴɢֻʣһ˿Ӱ
˭뵽սΪһ
ħʵǲ࣬궼ǽֲ£ôһս֮зֳʤ
ܹһҲֻǺ徳ʿ˫ƴ˸ܾˣ
ֶȴħһ֪ƾԼ޷õ֮󣬺һʿˣʿ֮ڽħʿѹ
ʿĴҲòһսʿֱӷѣ
ȴûе֣
һβɼ֮󣬸Ѿʣ޼
е֪һ֮Ϊ˷ֹڼ䱻ȡߣʿʩؽƣ
Ҳؾ
ؾĻ֮ϣʿһοٳһ磬ҲǺʥҷһˣΪһİ
һеĿıΪʥػ
֮Ҳ˶һģֱ˴սͨ٣ؾԿ׶ɢʧأ
һеһжΪһ
֪ȥĿҲֻһˣҲ֪Щȥ֮£
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˵һ飬ҹé֮еѾʼͷˣ
һЦҲ㻹֪޲TѾɢˣ
ܣѣɲǼ䣬һǿҵϯ
㻹ϵ𣿡һȭһ˲䱻Σ
ȭé֮дӾ㵵
޲TǱҴɢģ㻹ָܹͨ뿪ĻһİɡңһصұȻὫһ磡˵
ݵĳĬé֮еҲڿ١
һ֮Ѿ̫õʱˣҲͳͣȴٳûнӵ޲T֪ͨټĹϵһȻзԸΪǿпٳһͨҪصǸܵ飡
˷ѿˣǾԲģӺһ
޲Tָĸ֣ʹǱǴ´࣬Բ䵽һɢ³
ϧϧȻһУôһӶֻһ֮Сһ
ΪħǱŴģ㣬ұȻƵߣǰĲһͶӰˣֻҪԸ⣬ʱɢЦһ
ʱħҪΪǸʲôô
ٱȸҪõĶ࣡ħЦһ
ħҲǾʤ㣡
ڽһ֮ǰħȻǺ徳۷Ϊ޲Tһɵһδʿ䣬ЩʿԼξ֮У
ħξʵ˵ʵξ֮ȥĻô˾ˣ
˵ħǴ˵һ֮ˣȺǴڴ˵֮УҲȷϢǲģ
ɣھŲҲ㣬ǾԲߵģħЦһ
ûھŲкãħǱҪɱ㣡еɱʢ
ɱңƾ㣿ħмЦһ
ɣһĲһˣ滹ˣ˽Ǻ徳ǿߣлһһ壬Ҿ徳ǿߣһǱɣ˵


640 
˵вĻʵ½˺ܶడħЦ
üͷħӲԣϽһֻӲһ·
ӵһ߿õĻֻӰ״̬һħƴԿĶ
Ѫ޳ȻںһΰʥѪ֮ǿ֮Ҳһ֮ˡ
ϧʹȻ޷סĹעھѶ
Ǵʱӵһ壬Ѫ޳ǰģֻҪһʱ䣬Խħ
ħһɫɳ̾˿޾½һ
֪һһ磬ƱػһƬȷѪ꣬пһαģħսЩѾվһ۷ǿ߶ԥĳ֡
ΪһħѾıԴȡ˳
Ҳζţһһ֮вһԺ󶼲ڲıˣһһļֵ͸Ϊˣ
ħŵʱҲ˵ڰ˲֮С
һû뵽һͿ
տĵڰ˲Ҳζ޴нڰ˲ʿվһ
ʿħЩȵĿ͡
ʿΪ˽ػס˵ǷѾ˼һ£ʿǰӦˡ
˵ǵˮ֮͵߲㶾԰ˣͷǵˣһǵڶģһٷĹ
ҲЩ㵣ΧΧʮɫӰ֮ĽŲ˻
ʮɫӰȻڵ߲֮շʮֻȳ棬κһֻȳ涼пú徳ʿ䣬οʮֻ
˶ЩɵҪͻɱ˼Ҳɱһǧ˰٣ֹؼʱ̣ϣκε⣡
ܺã֮ǰҵС㣡Ц
ʮֻȳ£Ѿ͵ͬһεʿˡ
֣ɱħңҴ磡׳֦
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ͷʵ̫ˣʹǵǱ½Ҳ֪һ֮ӵ
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ҪĶ绹ħ綼ϣ̫֪
һҪõһҪõΪǺͺ徳ǿӲƴҲֵã¼˵
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ڴ˵֮еĶͽߣβ¼
Ϳéݷ֮У洫޵ʿҲǺ徳ǿߣ
ĸԣҪǶԷöԸĻԼˣαҪͣ
аЦһé֮еʿ¾ûаգԲŻҪԼ֣
ҪɵĴڣͿɲǣȻҲֶԲܹմȾģ
һⶫУؾȥ
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һӵϢȥʿҪɱ֮죡
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Ѿܹ侲ķףѾ¶ģԲ뵽֮С
ˣǧѷĻᰡͲᣬµоǷˣ
ʲôΪεʵ
񣡡ûķ˷ۡ
ⲻ͵ˣ壬飬ɽ٣ˣҲ˵ܲڣܹҲԺ˰ɣ˵
ꣿ̫ƵԼˣԽԽǼѣ궼δܿһ˵
͵˵ͷȻڶûаôΪҪΪһ翵ɽԼգ
㡭һҲסˡ
⾭飬ӵʱ򶼻ʧȥǣȴܿסԼĵĳ嶯ҷףһ֮;Ѿ˴󲿷ֵʿ
ܹȡҶԼõģͶȥȡ
ǰȻԼΧ֮ڣõǵûκεĺôǻΪԼɱ֮һҲͳΪѵѡ
ھŲһ
ħЩ㶣ȻϣԽԽãǴûĻ˷ʵ˷˼
߳ǧῴһ߲ţǱͨھŲڣħָ
͵˵ͷ뿪ˣֱͳǵʶĸ֪ΧħţǷ
һе㣬ܷˣǵһЦ
ֻʲôãʲôðˣ͵һЦ
ھŲ㣬Ҳؾһ㣡
ħ˵ǰ㣬ͷɳǧ֮ǿһ߲ɫš
ˣһռĲʹһ߲ɫʱ֮ϯ
֮ڶûģ֮ĳ̶ѾԶԶ飡
߲һ䣬ʮɣɣ
֮ⷿö͵ǰĺ棬һڼ̳һĶ֮ϲ˷ģЩƣ³̶ԶԶ͵֪Ҳʶ
Ǵ޵֪֮ͺҲ֪̳ʲôģڴһĶ½Ĵ̳ͬģ
Ĵ󣬾Ҳǵһμʶ
ϧǣ⴫ֻκλ̳ķΧᱻ̳֮ǿĽƸնɱ
֮ǿǺ徳ǿվȥҲǱɣ
Ƶģǹ̶ͣλڡҼң¾ȵĿűư
ָλþȻµļң
ҲΪ̶ͺ֣͵Ƚ϶࣬ΣҲҪǴ͵һЩΣյĵطԸսʿΪ˵Ǳɣ
̶͵Խ٣ЩǺһЩ̨ϵһģԴ͵յ㶼̨һ˷֮ʱΣգ


641 ʻþ
ζ벻ȻǺҵ̨һģ
ڿԻؼˣ³һ
һ𣬵ǩԼʱѾԼˣص֮Ҫͻؼң
Ǵ͵ڵļ̨֮ϣҲζţһص¾Ҫֱˣ
·ܶôЩ꣬һ뵽Ҫ·룬ﻹһЩᣬĻ¸ˡ
ҲС㣬֮ȴΪϵɻ꽣飬ȻҲ˱ԭȸǳΪֹµʧȥɵζЩ޷ġ
̳ǸʲôõѾû˼ȴ͵ֻֻҪõԷ磡
͵пܱ֮˴ϣǰŶǹ̶͵
Ҳζͨ¼еһԼĿռͨػʩǼΪܣͨ޷סĻôµļ֮Ҳȥˣ
͵ָһƣһ׵˳͵ֱ۽͵֮У
ҼĽƣһ˿ϲɫ
תһڵ׵֮󣬱㰴µڵķʼƳһơ
˵¼Ľƣǽ⿪ȴΪķʹµָ֮£Ͷαˡ
Ͷ׵Ѿ൱̶ȵûʲôˡ
⿪ˣͲһ
Сģѣ⿪ĽƾȻǿĵ˲ͱû
´󼱣Ȼͣڽ⿪Ƶһɲǣ֮ʣһԵı
ҪҰ̳֮г͵Ӱ
ʱȫڳ鴤ţ˺ڲģȻǱ׵ģ
Բ𣬶ԲҲǹģ¼æǸ
ˣһöǵˣͿɢŵɫâЦЦ
һ飬㲻ˣʵ
һˣһ͹ˣҡҡͷ
ֶһһö㹻ˣʹһöҲûʲôôպ磬Ҳò
ǸԵˮĻһöͲ֣ԾһöպֻҪվȽŸԽԵˮʱžҲһ
⿪ΧĽ㻨µʱ䣬֮ǾȻûһ˽ھŲ㣬һͺǲ졣
ǵͻصڰ˲ʱ˲͸оԾ˿ʼγģ
ǿдҧһͼԼָѡ
ڵȴԽԽأ󼸺ǾֹˣϢĹͱ㳹ʧȥʶ
䣡֮еͻȻһˮˣ
ˣ˯͵Ķ
ʵ̫Ϥˣǰʮ֮Уһֱߣ
۱㿴һϤף
ôжûҵôҽҽ㣡һ
ԴҲֻǿЦһԼԼΪõĹϵ»һ̲࣬ͱһѰ׹ˡ
ԣҵˣͷһ
ɱһһָ˳ȥΪܹǰ֮ɱ
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һж˵ʵǸ׵ĻﻹԼⶼޱȵʵԼʼɣԼΪʿǲԼˣһΣһܳܳΣ
ǰʵͼѾʼͻԼ֪һģ
㿴ԵˮѾˣ㻹ԭǻһɸֵӡ
Ȼɻ󣬵ȴûзԼǰļ䣬ͼҵһЩ˿
ҵξ֮лܼôòʧģټعͷʱ¶һ˿Ц
Ե磬ѾŶ˵ˣٹһʱܳΪһˣˮ̵Ĵյ͵ĸǰҫš
͵һЦˮǿˣ
ߣҲҲ˵ˣҲܳΪһߣԵǲ˵
ȻˣħʻþͲܹƿģ֮еҲǴ󼱡
ħʻþɱ֮䣬Ǻ徳ǿҲвٶڼξ֮С
ħóıͨ˵ξɱʻþͨʿ˯֮ʩչ
˵ʮ겻˯֧֮Ȼ˯Ͳʲô⡣
ħȴɵΣδټʻþֻҪΪǸ߳ħ̫࣬޷ӹ
ħʵͨ죬ǰѾǺ徳۷壬ؾ֮פ֮ãȻûͻƣȴʵӵ˼£ʹЩ徳ǿҲħĵ
δʩչ޴ӷڽڰ˲ʿȫħʻþȫԼУ
ʻþҲûȱ㣬Ҫ˵ΣͱΣξ֮ħ˶ǶԵȵģ
ΨһĲħԲξӰˣԼȴԺѣʼճ޲T֮⣬ûܹƳʻþ
һħҪɱһȺˣҪһˣ
Ѿεһ֮УҪ뿪һֻ»һ壡
徳ǿȾͱħųˣ⼸Σ̫впܾͱɣŻĿ궨͵ϡ
ͲһʿѶȲߣ˵ʮþȡ
˵һʿԼ˵еԿֻҪƾŴһݹͣ˱Ȼ»ָΪպҪ״Ҳǲܵ飡
Լξ֮УͺԼĸ׵һţתۼȥˣҲУΪһһߡ
Ѱҩ֮ʱҧˣ֮˻Ѿ޵צӸץˣӣ
ͶΪˡѵĴϢš
ľ飬ͱܵᵽһ˿Σա
ͻס֣
Щһֱž룬ûɵΣոУʼղҹڿ
ǽ죬ȴˣ
ҲΪһħļƻʵ֣
ͣվͱԵһͱ͵
ոջǹӲд¶һ˿ЦݣҵĻþܹ֮һұֽģͷһ


642 ɱ
ϱǿѹѹ
ͬϿ˼ɽһ㣬ǿѹʹ
壬ҪˣЦһݱ任ǰľȻħ
ξѾЩʧˣһ⻹εĸо
еãȻħЦһ
ܹһ궼ݣһȷֵÿ佱
˵һʿΪ֮϶ȲħϹ
ʻþһУҲ޷ѣ
һͿ˵֮·ӣ
ħ͵˷֮ɫϽڵ
ʻþ֮УֻһһʿҲֻܷӳһʵħǽĽ͵ס
ᣡħֳһƬڹ⣬һƬ̹̱ڵϡ
һڹߣ͵һζ
һʿȻӵǿ壬Ǻ¶һĨЦݡ
ᣡͱˣ
ƿһħ
ħһʻþʱʧĸɸɾ
ڵڰ˲Ŀռ֮Уӻսɵ㶵վڿյ֮ϣã
λ徳ǿ߾ȻҲǱħʻþ֮У
˲ûܵǰرչˣʵҲ͸̫߳࣬ʹħҲûаͬһʱ˵ξ֮нǻɱҲǱʻþ֮С
ǵʵ꣬ɴʻþ֮
ħҲûйˣȵǴʻþ֮ʱѾˣ
һɫ봢ָ֮ħ̤˵ھŲ֮УԼΪַʣһöȡ˳ٶ֮͵
ħ˼̳һۣ̳Ϊ˴õģֻ̳ͨ͵λϣǲŻ⿪һķ
⼸λ֮вûħ޲TħҲ̳ܽͨ͵磡
꣡ħһһöɫʱ飡
ɫ֮ھȻһī
˾Ѿϵһ㣡ħٺһЦ
½֮ʱͼʱȴ㣬嶼Ķһ֮У޷뿪Ҳ޷
ħ޲T½֮ʱͲϧķĹרΪħٳһͨͨһͨԿױһɫ
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һɾ޴ֱӽħԪ֮У
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ħҲһ㶣ע⵽֮еı֮ʱг̰
Щ¾޲TδܹӵУԳһķ
ԭΪ͵Ѿһɶõıˣ˭뵽֮ھȻ˶ı
Сӣ·㲻ߣ㴳㰲һ㣬ҷӵ֮ǰܶһʱ䣬ڿ壬ڵıﶼҪˣħЦһ
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ʱĻ޼ҲǱ뷨ģĽȴ𣬲ˣ嶼Ƴ˿ܣ
ĳ͵ʱǺεȵƣ
ǵʩչδ֮ħȴҲЦˣ
ʹʱ˫Ŀһ˿εļ
ʻþȷ˷ʤ֮ڣδ󷨺ʻþЧˣЦһ
ܵģԲܣħе㲻š
ʹ޲Tδ󷨺ʻþҲмӣȴһССĻʿЧ
ȥһҪȥħ뵽
ֻҪ飬Ȼħ廹ģʣԪ͸κβ
ҵĵ̣ȥģͺһһָʱ½׷ħԪܹ֮࣡
ҽɣͽӦֻɫĴִħԪ֮ڣ
۷ǿߵԪȻǿ󣡡еľâʢ
徳۷ǿߵԪֵٸʿԪܹ˳ĻƱػһ¥ʹϺ徳ǿߣֻҪٻħҲһƴ
ᦵϼл֮£ħԪҲԽԽһٷĹħԪᱻ֮УǵħҲؽΪᦵһӣҺпܳΪǵ
ҪңҲҪ㣬Ȫ·һи飡ħһݣԪʼͣ
Ա˵ҵĵ̣ҵƿ֮Уһ£ʹʱʹħԱ
꣡δҹζ࣬Ҳʼȫ߶ħԪ
ҡʡħڱɵʱޱԹĿ͡
ΪħȻ﷭һĻʿնɱ
𣿸ѹһ
֮ǶħԪѹħԪѹᦵײ㣬ηǵ֮£綼˳
صԼ壬Լָ֮һǿЦãԼҪһԼ
ħʻþȻҲͱ⿪ˣ徳ǿжʱָ
㣿üͷһ壡
͵һЦλǰƺǶħˣ
ħˣ޶֤ô˵ԡ
˵Ҳʵ˶ħʻþ֮У
ħص֮ұضҪʬΣڳ֮УΪѻľˣʵ󽵣λħʻþþ֮һ꣡
飡ħڵéݶʱѡ
̵ܣôһͷս񰢹һ
һͷȫðźɫĺڵϣһͷϼᴩһεİһ


643 꾵ͻ
һƥȫɫĺħı壬صһ壡
һܹٿغɫ׵磬ɴڱ˵ξϡ٣ʹ֮мʶʵʿҲָ
֮ǰȻҲϢ˵ħһģû֤ݵ֮£ҲʿĲ²ˡ
ۼʶħı֮ϢǱ֤ʵˣ
ˣüͷһ壡
ȥϵĺڻѾʼ壬Ϩĵ֮ЩһֱػʵĺڻὫʵʬմ
ҲΪڻĹϵʹ󶼲κεĺۼ
ħҲǸеЩ˼ڰ˲ܹ֮ɱħĿҲֻˣǶħʻþסĪ˵ҪɱԱΪѣ
ֱӱˣһĴڣܹɱħ
ಣ˼ħԭʱѾһһ粽ʵΧ
룡һһȭ
ȭ
ֲһȭʹӲòıԼλã뿪ʵΧ
ӣǱص֮
һЦϻ˵˭õǿƤӵģ
Χ֮תҾҪô깷״õ˶ٹͷ
һ壡ӰͻȻӵΧϺ͵϶ˣ
ƾһ壿мЦһ֮γһ˷컭ꪣ
ϣϵϵĹͬһʱ乥ȴеꪵ
ָϺâһһâ֮жķꪣ
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һһĺˣǺģ˭Ҳע⵽뿪
һͲõöǽС
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˶綾ӿڵ£嶾ѹֶ֮˸յףֲĶؿʼ꾵֮ӣʹʮ֮һγ꾵ϣ
߲Ķȫһϵʱ⽫Ǻεȿֲľ
ʹ꾵嶾Ҳֶ֮ı嶾ԶΪʳ޷ֲľ綾뿪꾵壡
꾵ֶ֮һ߲֮нһ
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徳ܹѹסڵĶأֻҪٽֳ綾ĵطֶ֮屬ĿԺС
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ţҲǣ꾵˵ͷ
ؾһУͳӮңȫУ
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ҲΪȻĵ˵ͷЩжִžǳ͵󣬾¼ͨҲǾ԰ȫģ
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ؾѵǳȥȴޱȵļ򵥣Ͼ֮ʱѾһ·֮ϵвȫˡ
ͻصʱһȴס͵ȥ·
һ·ܣδ˵꣬ͿԼ̱ȥ
һν壬һΣԪˣһ
ӰΣڳļ˶ǻʿ֮еĸ֣ȴûһ֪ͷ­αģ


644 ػѪ
ֶζʱסڳʿЩʵͺࡣ
Īıͷ­ʹǣ³Ҳòȥ
ұ֤ڽؾ֮ǰʵûôǿ
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ֻҪԸ⣬ʱԽԪɢ
ЩͣڵʿҲڣԼӦ˵СǵҲŽĻǻҲܹʵ
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ʮֻȳػ֮£ûκζܹ͡
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ʱսӸͲ֪ζõͲʵϣ͵Ŀڴ֮С
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ϧǣϵıڵ߲֮оͱȳ濳أʹܹ޸ҲԴʧǴǰˣ
Ϲս֮ҪĻǿıȻĹս׿սˣս׾ǿսףҷΪǿҪԶǰƵıף
׾ǿսƣҪĲҲ̫ϧ
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㲻ǵˣͷʿüͷһ塣
Ŷô֪͵һЦûκεľ֮ɫ
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ΪԪӤʿѾλߵʣһһжΪء
겻ϵΪʦ𣿡¶ԼεһЦ
ʦ𣿡һ㶣Ҳû뵽ԼʦȻһγԼǰ
ٴʦøӵɲ⣬ʹԼѾԪӤڣǴʱʦǰͬһӤһ㣬ʦ¶Ϣߵ޷֣
ݼʦ𣡡伱æڵйݴ
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ʦͽ֮䲻д˴񣡡͵һЦ
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ʦĵҲһ겿ȻǷչѸͣǺȻһĲࡣ
ΪԼǵĵ࣬вʿȴԶǵĶ֣ҲԼǷչء
Ѫ֮гưǧͬǲǷչ꣬ڵ֮ϻĺԶ
ʹһִڣȴҲûǿ󵽿һ֮ѹǵĵز


645 
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꣬Ȼӭͷϣ꣬ضܹڽ£͵һЦ
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߰ɣһȥǣͿǵķ򵭵һЦ
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ߣǵţֻʮᵤʿ޷˵ĵǰ
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ȴֵĺ򶨣ĶΪʲô
Цˣһ֮˻ΪԼһ֮ʦһ֣֮˼Ϊһ˫ޣưĿ䣬·ڿһ̯һ㣡
ΣʦǲҪΪͷ࿴ͣ
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еʶ֪͵ϹŻɵʦܣһôþȻ֪ǱĹԻ󣡡Ц


646 ׼
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ԵãǸˣҲǸʦ𣬸ҵġȻҶһۣǲ룡һ뵽µȱ£Ͳһ
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ʥʯɹഫ֮ٶʯٲ黹Ļͱֵܲˣ˾ɱ֡
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㡭˾˴ŭⳤȴʿӲĻˣ
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ϴδ䣬ɹҲԪˣɹ֮ڵǿ߶սɱֵܶɹһʿʣˣ
ʦ֣ǷҪ׷ȥκ˾˳ɵʵ
׷ʲôȥ׷ԷѾˣٲʶȤĹȥҪԷɱˡ˾̩ε˵
ǽʥʯɹ֮㶪ʧˣǿɾͳɹ˰˾ȴмֲġ
ʲôýġ˭ֵͨ˵ġɽԭǿʳģʥʯҲǱ֮Ҳʦġٱ˶ߣҲֻϵùˡǻȥɡ֮Ҫ֧ŵġ˾̩ȴЦһ˵漴Ϊһ෴ˡ
˾˺һų̾һͬΪһݹȥ
ԶԶһ߿УʿɶͻȻݹһͣȻͣ˿С
ŶݹһԵıһ¸˴ͬʱɫһתһģݴ䣬ֳһƽס
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£֮һǧʿȻͣ


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Ϊ˴Ĺս׵ĲϣͿ˵伫Ļǰһץ
Ҳ˾̩˵ǰ㣬֮ʲôĶʹҲпǵӱ˶ãҲֻܹѧղˣ
ΪһʥʯҲǼ۲Ŵɹ֮ôһ顣
ںųȫڻ֮У̫֮Уǻϵޣڻ֮ϵڻ֮ϣ
ʥʯ˵ڵϢ֮أܵϢӰ䣡
ʥʯ̺֮ޱȴ̫ϢʥʯΪĹս׵ĲϿ˵Щס
͵ĿȴǽһĹսף
Ĺս׹ȻϹս֮ǰսףʹһʹǵ綼ʹõսףֻĹս׵ĻǻԵò
Ϲڶս֮Ҳֻսڷ֮ʤһ
͵ĴһĹս׺ս׵ںս׳
ҪںϹŶս̸ףοսϾͽȻͬ
Ĺսƫܹٻս֮еս
սգսܼ׵磡
Ȼ͸սף׻ԺĹΪϡ
Ҫս׾ͱŪֶɲǿʵܹģҪߵ
֮дЩ΢ڽƳս֮ʹһ˿ѹڶԵ֮ʱ벻á
ҪõͱҵƬƬֻر֮ʱŻл
һ֮мرѵ鷢Ҳֻһγɺһ֮ʱпܣ
һҪҵƬǲܵ飡
սױ֮ûҲ޷սף
޷ս׵ֻνս׵ĲܺĹս׼
Ҳһ£Ҫһս׵ĲϾͼѴ룡
ʹнĵĲϣǻȱ˾󲿷֣֮£Ҳֻ˽һ·
ռֲϾķͶʮʱ⣡
ʮ֮Уؾ֮еսҲ˽Ӻ˭ҲûκζԷһƽճ
ϣõҲɣھŲ֮гһļ̳֮˵ǿտҲ
˶ûȵȴһëû̵ӷŭǳ
Ҳֻܾʹգ뵽ħҲ뵽˽ȵǣͨ뿪һ硣
ˣжһķҲѾʧȻǺ¡
ʹûз֮Ҳòеĺؾ֮еķˮ
ûееϣһķڵĻôһجˡ
һķĻ˵һӶûϣˡ
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ʥ֮ӵıԪ֮Ϩ
ǲ֪ӳɹѾ˷;УһԿ϶Ǳһ֮к徳ǿλʣ˰ɽеһλ
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Щһ֮ʵҲˣҲֻĲ棬ⶫƴ֮²ǿﵽԤĿ꣡
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һս׵ȷûʧӵս׵׻ԣǾ߱Ĺսٻæ
Ҳһ㲻ͬĹսٻ׻𣬵һٻȴ£;߱׻ԣ
Ĺս׺ս֮иȡһ֣սף
ս֮ϢȻһ䣬ս˲ӵ͵ȫɲǼ;ͱһˣ
ս׵ķҲǸǵģͶԼȫһҲǻսױһ׻Ҫսױʱһͷ׻˳һ
һ׼Ͳһˣ
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磬Һܵġˮֹ
ҵ׷ѰԭΪ׷ѰһûʲôɱġͺԥĽĵԼؿڣע룬ضʼ
һͨͨ͵ǰ
أһԾһռ֮ͨУת˲ʧһ֮У
ռͨôܣʥ֮нһ
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ˣˣоâһνգһնȻҲǿƿգ
Լ֪ԼһηȻһʿ
Ҫ粻ҪԿ֮ͨеĿռ֮ΪҪҪԿ֮ҲΪ֮Ĵڽͷ
֮⣬ǴӷһͻĻ֮쳣ĴǴһͻĻ֮쳣ǿԷʿףʿҪ½ѣ
֮ıҲеߵģҲκʿܿͷ֮
һλô˷縡ɽ֮дһŭ
ɽ֮һһķһ˱ɵģ
һɲ˭ܰ쵽ģʹЩҲʱ޿̷һ磬ֻ
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һЩʿ磬Ҫȡļƻпܾͻգ޷̵飡
˺ףȻͬһʱ䳯ʮͨ
ɴɱһҲŹһ


648 л
ȵĴأ̹ǵĺ磬ڵһҲ
ûмǴĻѾˣ
죬Ѿճ䣬ȴܸоҹȷҪĶ࣬ƺǷ屶ҡ
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ͨһѣͶһ亹
һһĿռһЩϵӿͣ
ʹսػټ۵ķҲǿ֧ţ
뿴黹Ƿˣ֮еĴйȻǲκһʿ磡
ʹõ޲TʣٳĿռͨҲǼ쳣
Ǹ˻Ǻԥķ˹ֵ޲Tһǿߣ
ڸ˺Ĺ֮£ƵͨҲʼ֮ǰҪǿٱĿռ֮һԵĴ͵ϡ
Ӵ˲䣬͵ͼҪռ֮顣
һʿǿͱռ֮飡
Ȼûɥռ֮£ռ֮мӵĻȴ͵֮У
ռͳͨ޷ξأ
͵һƻţһ޸ţĹȻʹ޷κ£ȻǶá
죡
Ϧ£֮е̫ɽտʼ˻ƻӡ
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ÿһߴ󣬸һԷצɫһչ֮£쳣ڣٶȼ죬תۼ͵ֻʮɵĵͿգĿڵϷ·һͣ
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ЩĹ￴͵һצȴûиʹκε˺
ʹû֧ŵ֮£͵ҲͨҪӲһצκβ
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šԡһһֻצȻ۶ϣĲҽʱҰ
޵ƺˣһʮ˵̶֮УһŮһ˿ϲɫ
壬ǿϹȥܼһҲ˵أŮӼ˵
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Щûһ˿֮ȴ̺żΪֲ
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֮Ҳκ˶ӵΪߣһӶ޷̤֮뵽ߵĲΡ
ҲΪˣһȫµʽ
һʽΪʹûʿҲͨӳߵ
Ϊߣ
ˣڷ绹磬ֻҪӵͻӮ˵ء
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Ϊߵ˵ͷǶƷޣʵǺǿ޵ĶҺҲһļ۸񣡡
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Щʿϵ֮ʱȴҲһڵ϶õӣͶʮͷ޵ʬ壡
Щʿ͵黹֮ܶʱһսơ
ЩʿͲܶʱŷ˾裬óƺĳ޵ĽĶͰ޷ȴҲֻЩʿԼ廨
壬ƺˣŮЦĿűһӵ͡
߿͵ʱоһʿ費ͣ
Ůߵľ֮̾ʱҲһ㶣ܹõߵĳ޿ɾԲһ򵥵飬ǰŵҲǺ߲ʿ
ߵʵŮӺ̻֮ʵҲʮ֮ǰʮ
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ǲ߲ȷǴ֮ϵԲͣõĻҶûսʤİգɫص˵
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Ůӿ͵ʱҲһ˿ɫһȽᵤǿߵʿһʲôʱġ
塭Ůӿߵʱϣ֮ɫ
ȻСϷҲþܾҲֻһлϷҲұ֤ܹɹ΢΢̾˿
лʿʿǵһֵߣлȡʿͱһλʿūū۳̶һһģպⱻʿʵ˾лĳߣȻ޷лľۣ
ǿľлҲʲô˶Ūģʹ˴̻ᣬҲһλԵɺ֮Ūһ顣
Ҽ忲ԼΪ۰Ů˪
õл˪Ҳϧ쳣мܹǿĻˣһȴϣܹл
лǿ󣬵ȴǰٷУһöлĳɹֻ֮һҲǾлⶫΪĵط
Ҳ֮ǰ˪Ͳްյԭڣ
һöлĳɹ֮һҲζöлܰٷ֮ٵĳɹ
ڸ֮һһ֮һĸûʲôġ
ֹ֮һٴζûгɹ۶Էİ
ʿҲܽһ׹ɡ
ǱǱʵԽǿ۳ɹļʾԽͣ
ߵʵڱߵĻɹļʽСС
ûпʵ֮óȻþлһҲûоԵİա
лֻһöһɹôһǱ޵ĻὫһȥĻἴʹҲ״


649 
˪ѶҲ벫һ
̻֮Ҳϵ˪ĸ֮⣬̻֮ıĴˣ
ĴϸԼĵϵʹ᳤̻忲ĴҲҪ֣
忲һɣһȫ˪൱ڽᵤǿߵʿжôǿ
ֻҪܹշǶ̻᱾Ƕ忲̻֮еĵλ޿ɹá
ֻҪ˪ܹӵһλǿ߸棬Ϊ޷ӰҲᱻС
ǰ˪ûбֳʲôȴ֪⿴֮ȴһŲκ˵ĺʤ֮ġ
ʵĹϵ˪޷̤֮·ҲΪ޷Ϊһߣ
Ϊǿߵ·ԶĹˣʵĵطûʵĻûκ˻㣡
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ȴ˪ʵĹϵʿҹʮԲͬ⽫˴ļҵһ޸֮ŮϣʹŮ忲ŮҲһ
忲Ҳһ㣬ԱΪ˪䱸̻֮Ϊ׾̻֮һĹʱػ˪Χ
ΪľǷֹЩĻҪ˪
ЩдֻҪ˪ܹɹ͵ۣôӵһʵڽᵤʿǿػ̻֮еĴҲκε壡
һöɫƱУϽɲǼķĽͰ
޷ֻĿԼ屻Щķİӵȫһ˲䣬һ
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Ҫֹ޷ʶ޷ֿܹ
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̧֮к˪ǺĿ͵壡
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Ͼ˪ĸף᳤̻忲ԼŮı֮ȻҲʲôͨɫ
һûķͽһ۶ϣ
㵽ʲôʵ⻹ҵһοܹƾ۶ϱأ˪۾һһĿͣڴ֮ɫ

һӹȥˡ
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ŮĿȥҲ죬˪ѯʣͶһ仰Ҳ˵˪Ǳһˮһ㣡
ԭһưͣԺͽưͺˣ˪ей˵
ԭΪǼһ˭뵽Ȼһưͣ˪еʧ
ʱ֮˪켸ûͣȻһЩ̻֮з£ȴҲЩ֮ռһЩԼаϢ
ȣڵһȷ磬õһϢе㼤
Σ粢ڷ֮ʱǰá
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ºѾܹԼָˣ
һ֮˫Ѿܹµأߡ
֮͵Ѿָڵȴһˣ޷ã
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Ѫ֮֮ЩͳͳʹãһҲǺΡ
һûĻѾ㲻ˣҲһȽϼ͵ķ˶ѡ
γĳֽƣе
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˵һȫİ
忲һçţȭȭ֮뿪ˣ
ͷһçţȭ֮󳤳һò̾ʿǻۡ
Ȼ⡶çţȭ֮Ϊǳȭ͵ȴһ޼֮ȫǿһµ·
ǽһĳ̶ȱܹڲԪƾԪܹڵһƣҲпһ˵һĺϢ
çţȭ֮ͨڵЩӳֲ


650 
һ֮Уͱ㽫çţȭ˼£һȭ֮£ͷçţԽһᵤʿ
͵Ľ٣᳤̻忲Ҳе˼顣
çţȭȻһŵĹܹŲȫȫȴһ
çţȭȻ򵥣ҲǾǰ㣬߲ʱ򣬶ǿżΪ̵Ҫ
ܶ߱Ϊǿ߲ñ³
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𲻻ɽӵĸıΪһˣͱֳϵ츳˶˪δ
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Ȼʵǿ󣬾Լδ͵Ķ֣ȴʵƵĶ֮к֮ܶҲΪ
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⿵һӶԼ˵̣ľ;һЦ
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ʩ֮ʱɽȴһΪε顣
Ȼǰ˵е޵ģϸСĽȴ޷͵Ѩ֮С
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ԽᵤʿʵϽҶ޷͵Ƥ֮Уȷʲôٵ顣
ͿԼļɳɽӲǿѨ֮С
֧͵֮еʱ֧·һ壬һɰ֧ͨ봫͵壬޸͵塣
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Ҳ磬һСС̻֮оԻ
ɽӵʵȻǲôǹһ־Եõ͵ͣ
һ죬ɽӶΪʩչ룬ڵҲָĲˡ
͵˪ΧΪ˳ͷβıڣ
꣬ҲγԳڵĽƣÿһζǹһ
Ҫһƣͱиǿ
çţȭѾ˼£ȥҲ̫ĽչҪһΪؼͻľ磡


651 ɵ
ؼ֮еؼҪϡ٣̻֮гһçţȭ֮⣬Ҳֻһš޽һؼ
һ޽˼Ʒؼϧ̶ȼʹһٱçţȭҲȲϣ᳤忲ܣκ˶ùۿ
˪ūҪõһ޽˵ǧѣʹѰԱ츳ǹƾһõ˼Ʒ书޽⻹е㲻
Ҫһᣬ忲ĻᣬҲֻΪ̻´󹦣忲пܽ޽͡
֮ͿȴĻˣ
ͻǺһԺçţȭ⡶çţȭȻ򵥣ȴҲǻ
Ȼ޷֮ͻƣҲֻܼӹԼĻ
ոһ긴һһΪ򵥵ġçţȭ
᳤ͣ㣡һ͵
͵˵ͷ·ſһν̻ĺĵش
͵ʵȻѾ̻֮ǿһˣڵǽ˪ūճ˵һūûʸ̻ĺĵش
һжȴȱһǿս忲ͽ̻ĺĵش
ʹˣȫ̶ǱţֻҪ춯ʮᵤʿһӵϣʱͷҲǹѲڡ
תս֮ͿԼġˡ˪
˪͵ʱ϶ʱɹһĨϼŤͷܽ˺֮С
һĻ͸еĪ֪Ѿͷڸʲô֡
忲Ҳ¶һ˿ͣﵹŮ
ȻǱлΪ¼ūлҲŮˡ
֮˪ܹ֮͡
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һūΪҵŮ˻ƵȻд˷ԣһ忲ȴޱȵļᶨ
Ҳѹ˪͵ʱ¶յɫˡ
ͱ֪ԼҪҵŮʱҲһ㶣Ҳû뵽Լôһ죡
忲Ҳ֪һˣû׼һū֮пûʲôȨģ
ɽϵĽƿʼˣһ̻׼ɽ忲վʮᵤʿϵ˵
ɽ龳ڵһأ˵ɽ֮ӵ޾ҩʯҩɾĴڡ
ɽһܻųģÿһض顣
ɽΧǿĽػţÿƵʱǴɽΨһʱ
Ƽʱңɽʿ֮뿪ɽһʱָ֮Ҳˡ
ƻָʱϢɽ֮е޺ͺҲӳ˯֮ѣʱɽǵһ鱦أǳһյء
лʿдûڹ涨ʱ֮뿪ɽƻָ֮ʱɽ֮С
Լڵʵȫܹǿƿƣȴû˼һʿ߳
ˣҲûʲôʿɽ֮жʱһ뿪ɽ
ǰɽʱһһС̻ᣬûʵҲûʸɽ֮С
̻᲻׳忲ϸǷչ۷壬̻֮ӵнᵤʿʮʵǿǿߣѾ߱˽ɽʵ
忲ͼ־ȻŹᣬǴһΣҪȵһοһԺˣ俲ʣԪ޷ôã
ɽ忲ϣܹõһЩϧҩԼԪӤĳɹʣ
֮ǰ͵ӳ֮УǿߵļеأԪӤ繷ߵ硣
ʮ꣬ͷԼ֮ǰ뷨ȫģ
ȷǱȷ߳һأȴǷʿǰǿߡ
֮ҲŴĵͽʿЩʿҲǹĻʯ
ʿԼס֮ĵطΪģԼסĵطΪ龳
ͷʿһ̣ʿ֮еʿͬƿš
忲ѡʮᵤʿԼɽ֮У⼸̻֮һսЩһɽ֮ʲô⣬̻˵һԵĴ
һ޽ҵıһɽҪģ忲޽͡
һǵĵʱ򣬷⡶޽ֻǰ㣡
漸ȻǱǿĨȥˣȻ忲Ϊ
޽һΪ߲㣬ϵǰ㣬ҲҸĳŵֻҪһܹȻɽ޽ĺĲһ˫ַϣͬʱ׼˪Ļ񣡡忲Ц
忲У¡޽ѾǶ͵ĶˣοҪԼŮ͡
Ȼ׸Ƕһū˵ԼŮ޸Ӵ̻֮еĻܣĶ͡
忲ҪƾЩССݾշ͵Ļʹشˡ
Ϳɲ忲ǰ㣬һ츳ţĻʿ
ʹˣΪʿһɰȴһССĽᵤʿ۷
⡶޽Ŀǰ֮ֻͻĿǰпܴڵĽƣָڵΪʰǿߵϡ
һɽ֮ҲĥԼΪʱ
ʮ֮䣬һֱ⡶çţȭֻ֪ԼϵΪǿѾܹͽᵤʿ
ǵжǿﻹûеףԼҲûмʶһЩǿߣһεɽ֮øᡣ
͵˵ͷû˵ʲô
͵ĸ߰忲Ѿϰˡ
ʮ֮еźıԪܴʹãԪǺȫͬ
Ҳ͵ڵ飬ָĴָ޷򿪡
ܹ֮УǴָ֮еҩҩĻںõĶ࣡
ɽ֮дŴҩʿĵҩؼȡ
ʲôͲںǹؼҩҩ֮ȴڼ֮
ȻѾ̤֮·ô㲻ֻΪ˽⿪ڵĽƶ
ȻܹΪɵһ·Ȼ䲻֮
˫ޣ뷨͵Ժ֮еʱ򣬾Ҳ֮ȥ
ħ֮У˫ޣħ˫޶ǲʵʵġ
˵һ޵ģ˵ľҲ޵ģɵκһ·ߡ
һǻһӵʱ䶼δܹһ·ߵͷοͬʱ·ߡ
̤˫޵ն̤һ·ʹ֮еĴڵǿߣҲֻһ·ߵ۷֮ʱȥһ·
ǻڵʿȻ͸һ·治֪ò֪ߵغݻ֪η


652 Ϊߵʵ
ɽ֮䣬һ֧ʮʿɵĶСĵĹ۲ķ
ЩʿÿǰһἫΪСĵʶ̽ķȷΧûʲôǱصΣ֮Ÿһ
ȻЩʿɾһɲǣһӰ֮еһʿѾһӰ°ߡ
Ӱٶ֮Щʿȫ޷ȵǻعһӰͲӰ
ӰʲôѾǵʮˣһ۵ʿޱԹ޵ĺ
̶һ֮ڣĶ֮ھѾʮᵤǿһӰ֮¡
ӰϿգ
ӰӰȥ٣ʹΪᵤʿķƽҲ޷Ӱ̬
ƽǷ̻Ļ᳤̻ȣ̻ʵҪǿһߡ
ƽ˴νɽΪѰһЩҩΪԼԪӤ׼
һηƽǽ̻ľ񶼴˳˭뵽һɽǱ㱻һӰˣһʱ䣬ʮᵤʿӰ¡
һᵤʿһ̻жôҪʧһ÷ƽʹѣο߳ôһ룬Ѿʮᵤʿ
ʮᵤʿѾ˷̻Ԫʹ·̲κε⣬һη̻ʵܵӰ졣
οһӰûֵĴ㣬ȥ̻ᶼӰС
꣡һӰͻȻͣס¶Ӱ
ͣһӰ˾Ȼͣ
ᵤڵʿʵ̫ˣһץֱӷһᵤʿĵĴ֮һλΪһӰʧ֮УǷ̻ڣ
ߡʿʦʡʥۡꡪ
ߵľŸ磬ֱӦߵľŸ磡
һҲ֮ǰ޽ʱŽӴĹ߾ľ廮֣
Ӧʦ۷壬ʱδͻƵľ磬ѵȴӵпʵ
Խᵤʿ֮ʱͿֲٶȺһɱ
忲ɽͣڽɽ֮ʱ̻ͷ̻ķƽ
̻̻֮Ħϣ֮öһݶΪ
Ƿ̻ʵʼҪѹ̻һʹ̻֮һֱǴ·硣
²Ż´ǧ忲ҪԼŮ޸һūһѾˣΪҵͷƽȻҲŹҵľѻᡣ
ɢҥԣ˪͵һǴǽݳһ¼ޱȵū
ڽɽ֮ʱڶʿȴƼʱЦң
һͶƽѾɱһһʿȻ
忲ҲҲǱһڽɽ֮Ͷж
ҲͳֿʼһĻ֮һǧ͸ͲһССķƽֵܹġ
ҪȡƽǷ֮飬ȴҪƽΪΪʹĴۡ
ڷƽУ̻ΪͬʱҲΪӵĶҲֻڷƽǰ̻һһ߽⣬ͳһڶ
䣡һͷйţСЫӱɣײʯ֮ϣӲļ׿ҲΪܵ˼ĳ÷飬ڵ϶ãۿǻˡ
ƴһȭĲǱˣ͡
һͷйţСЫɽ֮еޣԺԪӤʿһϸ¡
һçţȭ֮±һ̲⡣
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ƾçţȭȻ޷˵ĵزðçţȭһĻӳǼΪֲģʹļҲһɱ
ɽ֮ϢŴޣܵƵӰ죬Щȫ˳˯֮УֻҪ̤ǵ֮УЩҲǽɽʿ
ǽᵤʿʵǿĻʿǶȥЩ˯ޣѡƿ
Ȼһ˵ǽɽʿвޡ
ɽ֮Щ֮һͳ죬һɽʿɱ¾ɽޣôѣʱɽ֮еҲѣǱǽɽʿجΣһΣɽʿɱ¾̫ޣɽһưΧڵֻ֮۾̫ͬһҫۣ֮нĺɫ磬˲㽫ɽʿնɱʿһ˲ʹǿĻʿɫǰҲû˿ĵֿ
ոս͸Ͳ֪ɽ֮л飬忲Ҳû뵽ͻȥЩ޵鷳
ɽʿĿ궼Ƿĵر֮ϣϾƿʱޣһͱٵϰ꣬ʱѹ֮£еʿǾԼٶѰĵرܹսǾ⡣
ȴǷУǿ꣡
һѨ֮н֮ɽһλظƽ
ʹŴǰ޴ʬ壬ɽΪǿˡ
ͭƤǣ˲׵ͨ
ҲǾһս֮󣬲սһͷϬţɱ
ʦΪɱļޣʹ֮ҲǼΪ˵飡
Ҳֻ˵ʿп⾪׵
Ŷڵ𣿡ͿųԼ֮еӰ¶һ˿Цݡ
Ƿ̻ķƽһˣ
Ҫǵ͵͵ϮЩʿнٶȱԤƵĻҪϺܶ࣬ɱͷļ֮Щʿǿ͵֮С
̻һϸˣ̻֮ᾹȻһȺĸʴĹȻһȺʴնɱǷ̻Ҳһ˵Ĵۣһεɽ֮У̻˵ǵùˣ
ƽĿѻԶԶûнɽ֮ͻȻͷçţֱײ˷̻Ķ飡
çţȭƽʧɫ
çţȭöˣһܹû˶çţǵһμ
һ˲䣬ͷçţͳײçţײʿҽжͱ޴Ҳ޴˺лΪһ⣡
֮ΪȻܹӳ˿ֲһƽҲ޷뵽
һȭ̻֮оʮɥûҲˣȱ첲ȵռ˴󲿷֣
˭˭ƽ־ŭ
һ£֮һֱӹᴩ˷ƽ壡
ƽͫ׷ŴԼȻôˣ
Ϊ̻ͷƽ̻˵ָƣȻҲ֪忲һ޽ؼ
ƽҲû뵽ԼһŹ֮£Ҿ֪֮вûʲô˹ʸ⡶޽ƽ˵Ŀ
ĺһʮʬﳤȥƽ͵ʱ򣬾ѾעҪ³ˣΪ˻̻Ϊᣡ


653 īǣ
޵ս˵õĥ£ΪԭʼĶԿľѷʽ
ȴ֪ÿɱһͷޣΣվԽ
ڤڤ֮Ѿһ˫۾ͣԼȴ˿ûзһ㡣
أһǺɽļžɽ֮˯һȫ˹
Щ໹ǲɽ֮дɱ䣡һŮɽϿգŽƿǲϻ۵ȺһЦ
౾һ̰סѾǲɽ飬ҽƾЩ໹īǵĶ֣һ׳Цһ
Ȼɽ֮ʿǱſϷ̬ڿЩܹȺֶܹ֮á
ޣ忲ɽ֮ʱֵӰͷһ
ɽ֮Ϊһޣͨ޵ʵǿҲ൱һʿ
ÿͷ֮бһͷ֣ܹ֮ﵽ޵ĵزʵ㷭ʮ
ʱ忲ܹ֪޺ֹͷбҲƾ̻Ƭ̹򶼲ͻᱻЩû
ˣˣ忲ָ̻ʿ˳ɽ
忲ľȻ൱ļʱȴҲΪʱɽ֮жޣ忲Ѿ·ˣ
ɱ忲һȣһԽɫԲǰȫг룬Щֵܹͨס忲ᵤڵǿߵĹ
忲Ĵͷ̻֮еʿҲ׷׳֣Ⱥ֮ɱһѪ·
翹ֻĸңɽϿյŮһЦ
ɽ֮޺ֹǧһЩīǵĵɽѾīǵԳֻҪīû湻ЩʿһӲȥ
Щ̫ԸˣѲΪǲɣ׳мһĭ
Ů΢΢һЦȷǣûæЩܹ֮пٳһ
˾Ȼˣ
Ƭ̹򣬾Ѿдʿ޳֮С
ЩʵȻСȴܲס࣬οЩ֮ͨлһЩţ䲻һ¾ǽᵤʿҲпУ
֮ͻȻһɫ磬һͼܵʿʱͱһУ廯Ϊһѽ̿
ɫеʿһԪӤǿߣǿ߶û˿ĵֿ֮ɽ֮еʿĻ̻̣ƴҪ뿪ɽ
һɫ·һʼźţĺɫһһ˲ʮʿɫС
ɫ綼ɫеĽԪӤϵǿߣڵǿߡ
飡һͷ޵屻˺͵Ĵ򷨼ʹЩ޶Щ¡
õĽǵһȭһŶܸЩ޴޴˺ȴ޷͵һ˿һ˺ۣʹǱҲǱһȭ壡
岻ͼΪҫ۵ıҲ֮λע⡣
Ȼʦľ磬ȴԷӳʵ׳üͷһ塣
ȻīǵĶ֣ʹǺ徳ʿīǵǰҲޱȵĴŮЦ
ɽɽ֮һͷӵдɫëСһͷɫǵͷϡ
һͷ޴ȣһͷɫС鶼Ȳϣ
ɫСȴһ˼ɵʹǵµһͷ޴ǶɫСҲǹġ
Щ޴࣡ɫСǴһǷɽµɱ¾оġ
ɫСУǧ޵ʿֵһᣬЩֵֻĹ߰ˡ
µΪεЦһīͳܹ΢һ»ð۵ĻҲᱻѹɽ֮ˣ
ߣʣһһӡģɫСƲƲ졣
ںɫСǵĹִɫѾϰΪīͳܹ˵ĽĻôҲͲīͳˣҲᱻַӡɽ֮Сֻڷӡʱܴӳ֮ѹ
ʣۣ֮еǿߣҲΪλĴڣվȽŸٳһʿס
ڵһ֮ͬվ˺֮ϣмС
īΪҪɱ֮𣬾Ȼ龳֮ǳضΪ˽סǳ֮е御ɥ
˱ŭʣʹ֮еĻðҲǷŭѣּīǣīǹؽɽ֮Уʩطӡֹīѡ
īǷﱾӦýĨɱǿǵīǱʵ嶼ȱٵǿսʹʢŭʶǿī˯ˣһؾǰ꣡
īһʹôãƢһ㶼ûб䣬λǰˡ׳Цһ
ҪôױĻͲīˣŮӵһЦ
Ⱥ֮вϵɱţ˾ͬһ̨֪ƣɱ¾һ㣬ٶ޶޷˺ֺǱɱɾ
һçţȭȥֶپ޵ʬ壡
ԭֻʦڵԪȴҪʩչçţȭΪͨͨʹһʩչٴڵԪпݽߵļ
ͳ죬һƺеãɫȤĿڲɱ¾͡
ʱͺֹǵȴΪĸֳ֮ɱĻ档
īĿһĻǿӦһгɵʿʩչȴ֮Ϊǳçţȭ
ǴԵһƳīǱѾ͵ϵ׶ˡ
ڳог츳ͣīǵĿҲǵõһۣ
۾һһģǸֳһĨЦݣӦòᱻŪ˰ɡ
īǿﻹ֪Щʲôֻε̾˿ǶϿɱҪܣֱ
飡Ȼ֮һֻɫצ¡
һ飬һȭ˳ȥͷçţڶ
çţȭһȴ˶ӣɫצ˲ɢ
Ҳ֪һвӲһһצ
ףȻˣǵͺһеȤʢ
ֻſ³һڿγһԲצһһöɫԲֱӳ͡
ʥԪⵯ㵹𣡡ī˵
һôһΣȻҪĿˣЦ
һöʥԪⵯµ˲ӳ˰
¡һ޴ĢɽϿһöֻϴСʥԪⵯȻͽԲʮΪƽأһƬ֮ʲôû£ʥԪⵯµ˲ͱֲ촷ۣ
Ҳǲ˼ĿһӣոһĻ³±Щ޺ò˶٣


654 Ϸˣ
ͻıը׳ŮҲһȶûԤϵᷢ顣
ڷʲô谡ʥԪⵯóˣɽ֮ʿԱƵ綯ʥԪⵯ𣿡׳Ҳһ㶡
ûκεԥŤͷܡ
ҪЩ޵ĥԼǸոճֵʵѾԶԶֿܹķˡ
ͽҲʹȻһΣͿûоԵİܹ޵
ζһֻɫצܹӰΣÿһζֻһҵĵط
һεڶο˵żȻһʮΰٴξ;ԲżȻˣ
ҲµʹҲãǶԷûг
ÿһιնǶԷõģϷˣ͡
ɽƺצĹΧҲ͵ζ޷ӳצĹ
Ϳɽ߽ʱһֻצὫͱƻһȥ;ͬһСһ㣬һֻɫľצŪŪȥ
һֱɢɢīƺҲ£ϿյҲʼһɫ硣
֮ǰٷͬɫƺҲʧȥ׼ǣÿһ綼Χһҵĵط
Ȼɫûлͣɫ̺֮Ļȴͨش͵ϣȻֻԭȵİٷ֮һȴҲͽп಻ѡ
Ǻīƺ񫣬һһĥ͡
־Ҳûʲô취Էʵǳǿ޷ֿĵز
Ī˵ڽһǿߣʢʱҲԲīǺǵĶ֣ǶԷĻ˲Ϣ֮֮أ
ͱǺīĥȥģҲīǺǶעŵ͵ϣ֮еʿѹ
忲Χһ彡׳ʿֳһһܽͷ޴ͷβ
ܹӵǿȻһߣһǿʦܹͽᵤʿһϸµǿߣ
忲һ࣬һ׵ʿȫעĹ۲Χ
ʿʮ꣬Դ󵥱һףһڳȻͨ˫Ŀתӯһɲŭơ
ȻһʿҲһΪ͵ߡ
ȻһЩ޷ʩչ޴ͨսһ棬ҲòϣߵȷǱǿһ
忲һʵǿʦػ
̻֮нᵤʿн
¡¡֮죬ŻȺбɲǼ佫ֻ޾СյãһغȻֻͨ棬ЩҲֻͨȻһͬ޵ֿ֮ġ
Щʵһ㣬ʹͨĻܸ˺
Щ֮޻ǲһЩв֮⣬ͨٶ࣬Ҳη壡
̻ʿսˣȻıȺ֮ɱһѪ·ɽҲֻʮľ˵˲Ϣ
ʹ·д赲뿪ɽ֮ǾͰȫˡ
忲ָ֮£鶼ʼӿٶȣеĻͬһȺУһصĽʬ
ȺĹһδͣԽҿΪδǵ࣬һѪԡ´´ʱſʼ¶һֳ
׵ߣԭһֱݵҲʼΪյĴսѾķڴԪʹʦǿߣҲ޷ʱ䲻ͣս
ʱȺĺ󷽣Ȼһ̵ХɲǼͷ;޴޳Ⱥĺ󷽡
Щһ֮ߣǿ磬Щͨʿǵ˿ûУ·һľ˵˶֮ϡ
̻֮еʿ˼ķЩǴһΣ͹һ¸߸ԽЩʿȻһ֣һŤķЩʿ
ɲǼ䣬Ѫ䣬ܵǹʿ֣
̻ĺͬǣɲǼͳʮ˵
߼ˣȥɱ
ӰһڴһСسǽֱֻһֻһԾȺУЩʿһңһֻȷһ𣬾ݺߡ
ǾȻִ֪ʽָ֮ߣͬʱĲԡ

޺ХһһӣʱһɿХѹȥ
Զͨ޼͵Ķ࣬Ҳǵ֮ǱеĻǾҴ֮ġ
ۼ޴Ҫͷҵϡá˳ԾһĻˡ
ֻͻȻϷų˵⣬漴һŤξɲǼС˴룬úͨһСˡ
һ´Ӵͷ˿մֻ˫Ŀâһβһ£Ȼٶȼӿ챶ӹ˾޺צݺݵץ忲
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һǵĹ仯ɫһʧ漴˼ֱһǿڿĳ֪ôĵС
ϵһöָ߽םһ֮ΪһƬƬӰС
ɫצâؽӰ忲ı
忲ΪԼʱڻʧ˲䣬һһһѾ忲ǰ
ʯ֮һ߱ΪȷѡҲΪߵľϾ忲һֶսֵƿֻսϲѧģȻһҲѪ֮ġ
Ҳѹ忲Լİȫߵȷǵĳ
һ͵ϮûãȴѾ̻ʹңû߱ڷ֮ϳ˼©Ҳ֮ǰǰĶҪ⼫̶ȵʵķӡ
û߷֧Ԯǿ彡Ҳʼ¶ƣ̬
ս˳ʱЩ߻ܲԼƣͣǵսֲ˳ʱƣͱӱӿֳЩеĵ޷Ӷˡ
ʹɽĳѾǽǰʹ忲ҲѾõ˴ҩӤʹѾ˽ԪӤڵİգһеһû뿪ɽ֮ǰ޷ʵֵģ
忲˫֮Ѿմ޵ѪҺԼ֪ԼѾնɱ˶ٵޣնɱ޵ǵûмٷԽԽ̻࣬һѾ϶Ѿ˼ޣ
ɽһ˲пս֮ʹʱȴͷˣţڵԪȻû˿ݽߵļ
˰ԪʵǺڻظٶ֮ͶԶԶͬף
һﵹеͣôþȻûһ˿ƣ룡īҲʼȤˡ
ܹóÿһζǾԼŬȥĵԪҲǼΪӴġ
ʵҲûа취飬Ҳ¶ԷͻȻôһǶ׼ԼģԼǡǡûж㿪ĻôһжˣͿɲԼЦ


655 Χ
īǿɽǱӴܵ΢΢ʷӡΪĵһΡ
͵ʵīǵȫǲֵһᣬֻҪī룬ʱͻҷ
īȴϷˣ죬һ㶼ûҪȡ˼
ɽΧķӡʱҲֻа°ˣͲ֮뿪ɽĻɽ֮ѵ޾Խʬˣ
֮ͬһµĺɫʱʱµʥԪⵯѾƴȫҪ֮ܿеĹ뿪ɽֱǳ˵Σ
ķӡȻѾʼˣīǴһǷһĪľ⴫塣
īµ۾Ҳʼ𣬼ʹڵֵһ˯⣬ȴȻ˳˯֮С
ûǵʥԪⵯӣѹͬʱ֮еĺɫҲϡ裬˺ֻʣļ
ǰһȻ֪ΪλˣȴԵĸоһֱϷˣԼѾ˴룬͵ϣһ㣬ͬһڵһ˳ȥ
߰ɣī޷ˣŮӳ̾һ
īѾӡɽ꣬ÿһηӡʱǰīǣΪıҪīһ죡
һȾ꣬ĵȴŮӶЩпᡣ
īȴдΪѾ˴ۣŮҲΪð飬ǻðȴֻҡҡͷ
ð׿˵īΪԼΪڣһӡѹīǵͷϣ
ðģһǵһμۻ˷ŭһͳӡ꣡׳ҲΪε̾˿
ʱīǻðΪصͳ죬⽫֮λīǡ
īȴһ飬ȻðҲīΪӱ³çٶȴζܹ̣
Ϊܹ֮ռһϯ֮أ֮аǿĲ֪зͨѾΪ˵ū߾Ѿˣ
һֺҲǼΪеģһЩ˾ͺпֺ
īö֮ǱƵʳ֣ðΪ˱סīǲòԳ֣īܹ±ס
֮вֻлðһۣ޷īʱ̼е񾭣Ҫطīǣʺ۵ʩѹ֮£ðҲֻͬ⽫īǷӡ
ʹˣðȻڷӡ֮ʱǲλͳǰīĻͳְһѡ
ð۱Ͼ֮һһһж塣
Իð۵ʵȻܹǿƳһӡǴ˾ٱȻҲ᳹׵壬֮еĵҲ᲻һǵûоīǣǺ
µʱѾȥˣīǻûκεĻ
߰ɣûлˣ׳ҡҡͷ
ŮҲǲĿɽһۣһ̾Ϣ֮Ӱʧʡ
ʱһɽķӡһο
ɲǼ䣬ɽſֲ
˯֮еһȫˣɽΪ޵԰
ʱ仹û뿪ɽʿҲֻгΪЩ޵вͣ
̵ģʣӡӡͳˣһڵĴ˵
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𣡡
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ɽо޴ͷһ޵Բ
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һССʦӲԼһȭȻûܵʲô˺
˼󺺺ٺһЦȭͷͣ޴ȭͷ֮ϸ͵ȭ͵ĺеѡ
çţȭʹһʱͷçţˢˢĳ˺󺺡
֪һЦһȭܹʹһ̲⽴
ͷçţ޴ȭͷǰ˲߽⣡
һ޴ϣһѪ
ٺ٣޴֪࣬ҺҺڷ໹ûгأڷٺһЦ
ǻδȺڷ⣬ڿеһΣȻû
ڷϴһξ;ȻǽźڷԼˣ
˴󵨵뷨ڷҲûϵҲֻǿͲŸ
ǻˣڳ˴˲¾ѾΪһ̲ˡ
ǿ壬һ֮ҲȫλˣֻһҪһغ
ƻ࣡ڷһڡ
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ôܡڷͻȻһ㶣
¶һ˿Ц⣺˰ɣϲȥȴȥ
ãǻǷ㲢һǴˣڷЦ
겻ĺһѲ
úúãСǶȥңǲ˺ǸֺȻӾĵڷЦ
һɴ̹ǵĺͻȻɽϿմɽϵĺܶԼͬĴһԼĶɫһ䣬ĴѰ͵Ӱ
Ϊڷ£Ǻڷ˵ģҪûҵŪͣڷĻǵĵģ
ͿһԼ壬ûԤ֮еô⣬ֻҪһʱָܻ
Ĺؼɽ֮޸Ͳʱ䣬ѾܹоʮͷѾˡ
Щ޵ʵձңһӵϵĻҲеԲ
ɽΧķӡÿ˥һΣҪҪȥĻֻ취
һǿдһӡ˵뷨е㲻ʵʡ
ɽ֮дһ꣬ȵӡһμû뿪ɽĳɹʲȵһ취϶١
ɽ֮޵²ǧҪ˶֮һٶ꣬ȫʢʱӵϢͶδܹ
ѵûа취ˣε̾˿
ͻȻúһʧȥ֪
ͻȻ͵ıڿһӨ̴͵ĺ֮У
ðǻ㾹Ȼһҵһǿ紵ڷһѽͿ˼ϡ
ѵ㲻֪ҶѪر𣿡ָ͵ǣһ˿ѪҺָУ·Ʒʲôζһ㣡


656 ˮ̶
һˮ
ڷֱӽӽһˮ̶֮У
Ȫˮһݣһ飬Ҳָ֪
òǴ̵̫˰ɣֱӽˣڷ翴Ÿˮ̶֮еͲȷ˵
ߣʲôʱʧ֣СӲǻ԰ˣһӣˣһ
ڷٺһЦȻͿ겻ͣȴҲı£Ȼ⿡ҲᱻīʶΣΪԺͺڷƽƽ󽫣
īǱӡʱ⿡ͺڷԸɽ֮Уһǰ꣡
˵СӻԹԺ𣿡ڷе㵣ġ
ãǲĻһͻȻޱȵʹǺڷҲĪĸеһɺ⡣
ۣӡıһŴ
飡ڱܵķӦһȭȥ
໣ɽ֮˺ڷĲҽ
ڷҲû뵽Լڹȥһȴ⵽͵Ķ򣬶һΪ۾
ѹҲһ˾ȻǺڷ磡
ڷһСӣҴ򱾴үǺôĵӣ
͵֮Ѿǽ׳ˣںڷǰȴͬСһ㣬ڷһֻ
飬飡͵ȭͷ˴źڷֱۣԷֽʯȭͷںڷֱ֮ȴûκε
СӣȰʡȭͷ޷˵үġڷٺһЦ
Ͳòڷ˵ȷʵ֮Ĳʵ̫ˣͲһ֮ϡ
ڷʵɿͣϸͣ
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üͷһ壺лֱ˵
ãˬ죬ӾϲˬˣƵ̫ˣڷЦһ
ҲûϵڷַӦһʱҲɶĺͷԡ
幦ƽֻҪӦǣһˣڷ˻е
ĿޱĿźڷе򣬸ͲΪ
ιСӣһ飬ǧѷĻᣡڷޱĿԼеæ˵
Ҳֲͣʮ꣬һǼΪߵĳΪ˪ū
һūĴܹõȥȻЩͬҲר̵͹֪ʶҲͶ֪ϻǳһһ״̬
糣ʶûȫͣ㻹ָ˽Ĺ
Сӣ⡶ƽʹ֮Ҳܹõģ㲻ҪʶڷͿ˲ƽһ㼱æ˵
ͷ˷ۣôⳡô죬һʵ֪Լǿ˶ٱ徹ȻǧټҪԼĹ
ۺڷ˵ʲô;һɵ㶵ӣĺڷֻһͣȴƫƫô
ڷʵǿȴó̸УֲŲʵ̬ѾѺڷƷˣ
Ӳˣǻڷһ
Ҿ֪ƺѾڶˡ
꿴͵һЦģҺǸ׳ղͬ
һ㶣ǻûеӦһѾ̴Ĵȣǽϣ
ҿɲһ˷ѼʱһڣɲǼ䣬ϳʮֻ룬ʮ̴֧ϵÿһѨ
Ǻ϶ʱӿֲֳɱЩɱڿıûһֻȫ̵
һڿˮ˿ɣԼֻҪ˵һ֣ͻʬ
Ҫôͳ̾˿²òͷҲûа취
ܺãɽȻųǵͳ죡국˵·ͬԷô򵥡
ɽʹһûǽԼĥȥԴͷɽϣ㻹ʱȥͶ
еĸѾƽ͵ĵ͸˵һ֣һֱӴ͵ĵ֮УḶ֮
ʱҪ˵ǻָڵΪˣҪһܵˡ
ãֻӲͷƤӦ
국һЦһƽϵȹ֮ϱҪǿ̫ˣȽƽĵһɹ˵ɣ
ֻ˼һ˿ˮ̶֮Уƽˮ̶ʱͷ
꽫ɴ⬵ֱӽڵˮ̶֮У
ʵҪ˵ϵɽµɽѾһغˣ⡶ƽĵһһɣʿʵȻǲֵһᣬȴ˼Ա֮국ĺһ
ҧҲȰҵѨ⿪
ʮһ֧뽫͵ѨȫסˣԪ޷
ûԪ֧ţ̵ˮ̶֮У͵쳣ǿҲֲ̫ã
ƽĵһʹֵ֮࣬еһйֻܱˮˣ국˵
⡶ƽ֮ǿ֮ϱʤ̫࣬⡶ƽʺȴδʺࡣ
͵ǿѾһЩǿޣͱ⿡ˣ
ȫڹ̵ĺˮ֮Уλó֮⣬ԴҲкܶλͬƽֻǸûκ塣
̵ĺˮ̵ĸо඼û뵽ԭ˱ڹ̵ˮоȻʹࡣ
˶ڻûʲôһ˶յ׻ʹࡣ
һˮϺԪһһεÿÿոձ鲼ȫγһתۼͱȹ̵ĺջ˻ԪǽˮƤš
ǿҪſʹ࣬ƽĺˮͻȻӿⰵ̫ͻȻӦ͸оԼű۵սݺݵײӭľ޴ϣѾˮյҪֵĹͷͻȻľ޴ײ£ĹͷȫѣΪĩһ㣬ǺƻΪˮĶײҲҪ͸˹ͷ֮С
ˮܵʹĸղſͣһɹ̵ˮУʱһⱻζɢոջǴİͻȻִ֮
ɲǼ䣬͸оԼĹͷȫˣҲײһ鷽ĴϣйͷҲһ㡣
Ȼ䣬Ժ֮һһָԺ֮С
ܵģͰص˹켣˹
ʹȻʹȴһȫµϵĺëҲǿеıպϣź֮ųӿײѪһ˿˿ĺۺ๸һҺ壬ڣǶҲ޷۹ڸӲ̵ڻڱӿļѹ˳
ѪеȻһµĽʵ͸оڵĶ֪ϣȫĶȳ֮ʱһˮ֮ʱֺһ塣õ˼ǿǿҲкܳĽ


657 ڤ
ܹ巽ʽԼĺôһʼıֵʼգ
ˮ̶֮ƺǱͶ˴ҩÿһתὫڵų
һʱʱʱͶҧͦ
ЩסѨĸ벻֪ʲôʱʧˣڵԪڲϵıţ
һξȻܼôãϧϧ˲ˣϧ̾˿һнˮ̶
ôȥĻ͵Ҫˣ
ɽ֮еĻ̶ʱҲһأʷӡī֮ûʲôܹɽ̶֮ˡ
̶֮е̶ˮ峺ޱȣȴǼϵ̶ˮЩɽ֮еҩ
ɽ֮ҩأҩ֮ʱһ˿ᱻ̶ռǧ̶֮в֪ۼ˶ҩľ̶ʵһҩҩ̶
̶ˮʹҲǶ洦ھļǿ֮󣬽̶һǧɵĵػ֮ȼ̶ˮͳıأ
̶ܹ֮мôҲǳ˿Ԥϣ
оΣȵѹʱ򣬿ʵ
ˬ̫ˬˣͷſ˵
ͲӲţʵʵˣھ˼ʹ֮󣬴ʱ͸оˬûôˬ
ȥһ£ڵľԭؿң֮ǰǲͬն
Լܹˮ֮ǰԼȽ쳣ĻԼܹһ֮ڻǰԼ
һ̥ǵĸı䣬ʹѪҲû뵽Լڶʱ֮ڻܷ֮ı仯
ԭΪԼӵ֮ǿ֮Ѿκ壬ȴ󲿷ֵ廹Ҫǿ
ԼǴشԼеԴˣ֮ԶԶ͵֪
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ڶݵϢ֮ͱһ˻̶֮У
ʹȻ޷ֵʹ࣡
׼Ͱеصй·̶߽̺֮ҩЧһһ֮У
˻ԭ򲻽ҪԼһ¥ΪҪһڻ̶֮УڵĽƾȻһ˿ɶ
һ֣Ľƽ͵ȫӡֻ
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ԹԣСӱһҪƴڷ粻˼Ŀÿμǻ֮󱻿̳͡
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֮Сƽǰκ˶ģǴӵĲ㿪ʼֻʵǿλʸ
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⡶ƽԽ棬ҪܵʹԽ࣬һ㶼ĥȥģ㿡ͺ漸Ͷûȥ
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̶֮е̶ˮҲ˺̶ܶ࣬ˮ̶Ѿһң
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ǳɹȻƽĵһ㣬ͷ֮ɣֻʱ佫⡶ƽĵһԲ
ûеڶ㹦֮£ζ޷ͻƣ
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͵ʵǷ֮ʱ屶Ҫǻǰ붼飬ȴΪƽȴˣ
Ҳ幦ƽŨȤ
ߵɽʱ򣬼ɫӰȻ
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䣡һȭΪǳçţȭһͷɫçţ˲㽫һͷܺƬ
һЦһ·ƹƹϣЩȺ徳ʿĿܾȻ͵Ķ֣
ڿɽʱͱѾǾ޴壬ǵĸһ޴һɽεİһ
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īȻͳ죬еˣûǰ˯ѾǺܲˣ
࡭ī˵һ
Ϳһüͷһ壬һǺɽһʵͲܽٵ
ڤƳɵģûа취ģīҡҡͷ
һ仰·Ǻľīеһ㣬īҲֲȥ۾׵ı֮£īһ˳˯֮У
ڤͿһ˼ҡҡͷ
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͵ֲһ
žԥǷҪ֮ʱһ֮ϴһɾ޴ֱӽ͵ϵ棡
ʹʧɫҪԼһʵ̫ǿ͸Ϊ
Ȼ䣬סǺīǵľ޴ʼΪҺ壬һһ͵֮У
ֻܿһеķԼΪ
¡ɽʼ
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658 ī
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෬֮£ɽΧûκ˼߳ɽ
ȷǣͻɽ֮С
ɽΧķӡжôǿһʱ䣬ͨıҲܴ
һӡǿɽ֮г˯ҲʱɽһΣյĲΣյյأĪ˵һССʦҲҪ䡣
˾ǣнľлʮ֮ûκļ󣬷һл֮һɫԽԽǿ
һ㣬忲ҲǾе㲻˼顣
һССʦɽ֮зǵû£ǱԽԽǿ
лƭˣ˪ǾԲϻ鷢ģ
˪žл֮вĻɫеĵ֮ɫȥ˲١
˪֮Ȼֻ˺ūĹϵ˪ȴƽղЦ˵Щ߰ūһ˿㺣˪ĸҲԲӦһūɻ飬ʹū׸ҲС
ڵ֪ûдɽ֮гʱ˪ʱҪڹȥ
һлΪ˪ȷǷ񻹻ŵΨһƾ֤
Ů˼Ѳ£ͿҲ벻ԼġˡȻԼ㺣
һһСͷΧסʹʱ޶޲
Լһ£һڤƶɵȻʧˣ
ʧȥڤԼīǺ;ͱͷǸסˣ
಻ǱˣǸ𣿽겻ʵ͵Ժ޴צͷȥǿ;ˡ
ˡƽ֮Ѿǽȣɫô£Ѿɢˣ
īƳһۣڤīҲûа취ӦԣǾǰ۵ʿȻƽڤƽ˸ɾ䣬ڤһҶûʣ¡
ΰ쵽īǲʣΪʹˣҲһ˵
ڷ磬īͳ죡ӰͻȻīǵǰ
ʷӡĹϵǺڷ绹Щ嶼޷ɽɽ
ҲǺڷɽԭڣʷӡ̶ȵʵǶӰȴԺԲƣʹǰɽĿҲˡƽ͵Ķ֡
ɺ֮£۾벻˵СʿȴƳķӡ
ɽʱڷҲò˼飡
ûϹɽȻҲ֪ɽ֮ϻʲôΣգɽϣܹɽ鱨˭֪ϢֱӽɽŪˣ
ɽʷӡǺڷҲδܹɽˣ
ɣīǵ˵
лͳ죡ڷվ
ӡīͳڰ˷ӡ
ȻɽΧȻʷӡǣǷӡĺȴһڤƵҲڤīǵʵʹպյͳīɽ㱻˰꣡
ڤѾʧɽķӡҲһտǰˣīǵʵȫһӡ
ڷĿīǣǵһʵ̫ˣǵͳҪƷˣ
ƽǺʣīצһ㣬Ϣӿ͵Դ֮У⾹Ȼǡƽ
й涨ƽֻд۲ʸڣԴĲѾǼˣīǵһЦһһģֱײ˷ӡ
ѵƴ޷ֺķӡǱī򵥵һײɢ
ϸšƽһŹľ裬Ҳܽ֡Ű
ȫһŰĹ⡶ƽĵһҪڼΪֲ¶֮²ɣѡӵеػĻ̶
ǽĵڶȴҪھ֮УҪ޹֮࣬ʹȵػջҪǿϰٱ
кɱûʲô
֮ʺģˡƽĵһѾˣ㲻ҪָĳɹԸƣºȰ
ǰʧĹϵʼնڷ״ֱ̬ͳڵķӡ֮Żָ˺µϵ
ȴͬͼƽϾ֮֮źܴڼȥĻûкôġ
Ȼ֪˵еǷǿ幦ȥͻ
µ֪ͱл۵ʱ˵ɫˣ
лģԺʵôǿ󣬶޷лʧȥɣ
ô̲סʵ
ͽȥ˵֮ºһһСС̻ᾹȻ͸Щ飬ģҽ̻ɱƬײʱվлǸŮһȡ꣬÷
Ϳ˲һսûҪɣ
Ҫ֪ӴԺǼˣ˽ȥҲòȥյĿ͡
Ѿ뵽취ˣصһЦ
ʲô취һ㶣û˵ʲô취ܹлľЧġ
ܣȻص˵ɡһӣֱš
ʵҲǹҪϷŪ£ȷ취ǷУ취ǰҪõл
л۵ģҲֻ»ǺˮߺСǰæˣ
ģ·һûһĺš
Զǰ
һ㶣һľۼز龳֮ɣ
㵹ǲɵ龳֮Ҫ壬һ廹һ壬һ֮Ľں֮Уµ˵
֮аϡŹֵͲģ֮ҲСȺˣһЩǰͬһС
֮ǿڳţȺ첻ȥˡ
֮иֺĹ޻ޣʵ΢һĸ龳ҳȥ
Ŀǰʵ˵Ѿǲˣǵ˽֮оǾһ
ͻص̻ڵ֮ʱһصĲüͷһ塣
;лԽֲĸоԽǿң
ԷѾ֪ˣ΢΢̾˿
ֻҪһķΧ֮ڣлָڵķϢ޷⣡
һԪӤʿûе̻ᾹȻнһʿ̫꣬ˣε̾˿
ҲΪΣ˭ڷ֮ʱǵأֿûоͱһᵤʿ꣬Ǵˣ
˪ĵػûھл֮е꣬Ѿһˣ


659 ּ
ৣҲԤ֮еǰ㣬̻Χڲã̻Ѿж
ᵤʿŰΧɢϢȴ⼸ᵤʿԼֻҪһ͵ִ
⼸ᵤʿ֮ǰҲ֪֮ͣϵȷų޷츳ʱȴԶԶûдﵽ˾ĵز
ЩᵤʿУǰ;ͬһɽһ㣬ǿֲϢѹǼ˫֮Ĳʵ̫ˣʹڶһȴԶԶ͡
͵ĺһôѵҪֲɣ
ҽһ壬֮϶ʱ˼ѷֱӳ⼸ᵤʿ
ˣ⼸ᵤʿߺһ
һѷ̺֮żǿԪǵʵ΢һ㶼Ƿǵ³
͵ǿѾǼᵤʿֿܹģ
㾹Ȼɹˣ֮д忲
忲˼ĿѾͣʮ겻;Ȼʦ׳Ϊ൱ڴӽᵤڷԾԪӤڰ
ɽ֮еõ˴ĵر忲Ҳûпһʧʮ;Ȼһ
Ϳ忲һ˿â᳤ò
û˿ūӦе̬ȣͷ·һǿߵں忲˵
˿̬忲üͷһ壬漴չ
Һõȣ忲Ц
忲Ͼһ̻Ļ᳤㶼޷ܵĻܹ̻
οʵѾԸıһУһǿߣʷϻûй顣
ܹõһǿ̻ʵȻܹΣܽ׳Ϊ龳֮еҲ˵
龳ƹߣʺ۸ƹ龳һ
ƹܵռ˾ųϣ۵ͳ֮ھų塣
ȻǺϵǻȷĵ򻮷֡
̻ڵͳϽ龳
̻᲻龳֮һһԪӤʿ̻ϲ̨档
һждһǿ߼룬̻һߵĲΣ
͵һЦ᳤ѲɻҪĳ׸ң
忲ü˿ȫǿһǿߵϣ˵ôߵĻ忲Ҳ˳ܡ
˵Ҳҵһū忲ûūǹ˼͵ӣֻҪлڣ;ҪܵҵĽƣǷԸ⣡
㲻Ҫôߣ忲Ѿһ˿ŭݡ
͵һЦɲǼΪʿѹʱɢ
ʿѹǺεȵǿǼССĽᵤʿֿܹģ
͵ļᵤʿֱӱֲѹ˷ĩ
񡭡ʿ忲ͬ˹һ㡣
ͲŪ忲Ļ³ͬǼᵤʿһ㣡
˪͵һ䡣
忲һ飺㲻ôлǲܶԼ˳ֵģ
һ뵽ͺпܲһҪ˪ɱ忲ĺ
ɱһ̡
˹忲ͷһ
Ϳ忲һЦһССһҷΪһֵԴҪЮҵĻұ֤Ƿл֮ǰ¶ĸɸɾ˵͵ޱȵı䣡
˱Ļ忲һս˿һһ仰ʵԡ
͵ƴһеĻʵ˲Ϣ֮ڱɽ̻ữΪҽ
һǧĻҵһ忲ҲòضԴвҿ˵˷۱
ֻҪлһõ벻ĺôŮҲ̤֮·ҲԼ
ֻҪҽлҲһЩô
ͽʱյĵλ۹⣬óһҶΪ֮
Ϳ忲һʱ֮ҲԾ
ӲҪҵĻôпһƵĽһҲ˶һ겻񣬱Χļ̻̲
Ӧ͵ұʧȥΨһܹԼ͵ƣһ͵õл˵Ļû˾лԼ͸ûκιǣ޼³
ֵĹǣʹ忲Ͳ¾
Ϳʵ̫ˣ˪̤֮·һ忲޷ܵģ
˪ˣǴ̥֮дë忲龳ҽķѶϧҩ޷˪⣡
֮ȿеıʵûʵ˪Ͳִһ̻ᣬʹ忲ӲҪ᳤̻λӸԼŮҲֻǸԼŮ޾Σ
ȴ˵κ˪ë忲˵һ޷ܾջ
ҿǵʱ䣡忲̾һ
ԣһ֮һʱҲϣٿһ
忲˵ͷһΣʧ͵ǰ
ʲôʱôˣεķ˷ۡ
ܲ;ҪãҲ֪лжôǿȻѾӦ֮ȴûûʮֵİգҡҡͷ
һСС̻ᾹȻӵолּΪĶҲǺܲ⣡
֮ϵҲǳѾǵ˵Ƿ켫ĵزһŷֻܹ֮ԼֳݣͱϣͨлԼӰٵ͡
ֻ֮ʲô˲õͨлҲʲô˲õĸ֡
˪һͨˣҲͨнھл֮еһǣͣĽǽл֮еһ˿Ĩɱ
½ʿչֳϢʱңԶ֮Уһ޵Ĺ֮һ͵۾
ȥӵǣһĴ龵֮еһ
ּ⣡Լе㲻˼顣
ǺεĴڣʹ鼶ǿҲ޷һ棬ӵʵּⶼͷһΡ
龳֮ʿʥأʵ
֮ʲôҲǣ֮иͨ壬ʵ̫С
ҲΪˣʲŻ龳֮пٳѧУһĶ
ҪǱӵлڵΪα㹻ʵ
ס龳֮еĻʿһǧֻ֮һܹ롣
Ǵ½ʿļȴӽٷ֮һ٣
½ʿҪͨͨеĸҪǿƿգһܹĶǻʿӢ֮еľӢ½ʿܹҲʲôֵ顣
֮е´ǵӡ֮лǵһΣ


660 
ʵƵ龳֮Ѿöˣֻһǡƹܵ龵֮У
龳һΪһ˸ÿһһ齫ܹһ˽
ҪΪ齫ҲΪÿһ齫ΪǾ춯أһ˽Ҳ龳֮гȥ֮ȨƵģ
͵ݣ¶һ˿Цݡ
ޱȵĹʣ֮ʱѾһŹӡԺ֮УһԼ֪
ҲֻѰּ֮ʱһŹŻḡֳʵּ֮ԺĻһҲܷһѾԺ֮еĹ
龳֮мΪƫԶıͿеľл¶ɫ
忲һˣ˵һµʵڰ֮Ѿл˹
ҲûˬԼ벻ĺô
˪֮ԲҲԭ壡
ʾ֮ҲǼΪģֻڳ֮ʱĸ֮أӤľ
ڵһμ˪ʱ;ŮǼΪľ
˪ڼΪƫԶ龳ûбһЩǿ
ǱʿĻ˪ֻǱĳΪ¯
߾֮ȻȴǼѵ¯ڵκ鵤ҩ޷ı
֮ʿͻƿı½֮гֵľǳΪһЩǿߵ¯Աճ
ʣԼҲйҪ˪ΪԼ¯ͷ忲˪ʱһǧѷĻᣡ
ͻǷˣһͱһŮռݣݲκεŮˣҲԼ顣
˪ŮҲ㲻ԴȻΪԼһˣǶһŮֻ
֮ʿȡ֮ҲѸٵĿȥһĹữΪһ
Ҳʲôܻģϲʲô⡣
֮ϱһֵܹܹþ۵֮У°빦
˵һ±Ҫһöѩ
׼ƷҩҲǽ֮еǿƳɹ
һö׼Ʒҩ֮⣬ͻ׼˴֮ʱõĵҩҩмŹ
Щնɱʿ֮õսƷЩͶϣ忲ЩᵤʿȴǼֵǡ
֪忲ԪӤ⽫Լĵø忲һݡ
׼忲ԪӤ˵ǰ϶顣
ΨһЩı˪õѩʱûеǰˣ
һ㰧ԹɫһǼΪģ
֮ϵĳٶۣ¶һľͷ
֮ϵ츳ȷ˾̾ڸϿǺľͷˡ
ʹǺ֮䣬ҲȽ϶һ㣡
ΪҪһͽлŪ֣˪˺;лϵ֮л֮
Ҳͻ룬л֮ϵһԼľѪ
һҫ۵ĺ֮ͷԼлһϵ
ԼԼԼΪԼūֹĸоеͷ
֪ǣлڶԼûвˣ
ûˣûеüӦǰĿռͻȻŤǰһڣָ֪ʱԼȻ˯һΪµķ֮С
һζǿ֮У
㣡۾һŵһζڵѪȻõһ˿
˵ֻдһпܲģҺټֵҩпƳһĨ㣡
ڵһ֮УԴʧ֮Ҳ;ˡ
һ֮оȻ㣡
ͺٺһЦһ˦һʱϨ𣬱У
㾹ȻᴿѪЧб˲ռ˵Լ˵ȻŹ㣡
ǰˣһŮͻȻ˷ţ
һŮӾȻҲԪӤڵΪһԪӤڵŮ
ǰϴŮӽһƵ˼֮ϣ
ǿͲ˼Ŀ֮еˮ
⿴Ƽ򵥵ˮȴɢ˲ʯĿֲ
ǶеˮĿЧԪӤڵŮӽ͵
ȻֻĿЧһˮһЩĵرˣˮϴʵ̫ݳˣ
İܼӶݳޣ֪⵽жôݳˣ
ţ˫ִˮ˲䣬˳˫ֱӿ͵֮УЩͲþתֱӺڵںһ
һҲ֪Ů˵ĿЧʲôģˮȻ͵ĿӾɣΪŵܹɢڿ֮е
һˮ˲Ҳһͨˮ
ԪӤŮĿе֪ˮֻǵĵӲʸӵеģˮ˽ƣһ뿪ǱữΪͨˮ
Լʹļ۸ѾɾΪֹûһˮ
ҪõˮǣҪ֮ڶĻǾ·
ĸ֮оۼŴ飬ɽǴڵǿߣ滹أĸǳıӵֱӺӲ
ϲ֪մȾ˶ǿߵѪ֮пٳ龳
Ͳ֪ԼǺʱΪǵĵӣԼ֮ǰһڶйϵ
ʮ֮ڷ磬Ϸ֮δ˵һһʮˣһ֮ϣһʿ֮صϵ̾˿
һ飬綼ˣ
һССķ֮оȻַܹӡɹ磡
ֵǣһڷ֮ѶȫޣҲ޷Ѱֺ
龳ֱ֮ǽڷʿȫۼ֮УΪıǲѯЩǷӵ
ͻԵʱѾɽڴǿ˸飬ȴһ
нƷ֮еϰߣʹЩڵǿҲ޷֪̽Ĵڣ֮ӹһ٣
ͳɫʺͻҲһЩǿ߶ͽ˼һܹɵ֮ͬʱ˴ɾ͵ʿɲ
Щǿߵ;һֻҪԼӵܳɴ
ҲһЩǿΪͬʱɵעպ󲻻̫ĳɾͣ
ͻǱһǿ߸Ϊ˵ӣ
һȫǷͻԵʱ򣬸û뵽ȥѯһͱ˵ҲôĪĶһʦǿߵ죡


661 䲿
ǿԺͶɽʿǿͽʿ˱Ӷ޷ģ
꼶ǿͽٷԵ֮еߵ֪ǿߵ쾹Ȼһ˫޵ӵʱ̲ס̾Ĳ
Щ֮ϸ˶ҲֻԼ֪ûҪΪǿ߱ȻҪ߳ԸĿ࣡
ȴһ˫޲֪ðСӸȥ
һεӲǿߵ쵭һЦ
֮ҪΪɲ䲿䲿֮һĸ֣
һ䲿һеʮӣһΣ
ϾҪܵʹಢ˶Եģʮֻ֮ͺģӵΪ
ӵ˶һ˼ɵ֮ϷչٻټҲ䲿ǵѷɲ
ȴû˸˵䲿УҪ֪֮е˻ʱһûķˣҲΪΪ֮жǿ֮һ
һһ͵ģʲѾΪǿʣڸӵһѪ֮䲿֮һЦ
һʿҪ׳ʹ䲿֮ҲΪǿ׳ġ
壬壡
ѲҪӲɣЦ
ĸңһôڣǸģ˭ߣҿеǸǮƣһ⡣
һЦϼһǮƺԹİɣϵ츳Ҫ͡
ϵܣĲˣѾѡˣǲɻҪǮƣ˵
һһ䲿ĹأȻƻҪͣҪǮƣЦ
õԼĵӰĵ˵ͷʣµʮ䲿ǿ߸һԼеĵ֮ʣı㱻䵽䲿Ժ֮УԼ
ɵʦûʦȫЩûб䲿ǿѡĵպĳɾͶǲʦǼˡ
ں֪֮¾ͱ䲿֮еĵΪ˵ӣⲻ֪ҪĽ֮еߡ
ǰˮϴҲڳΪ˵ĵ֮еĴ
Ȼǳˮٶ࣬ҲֲڵСʹãοˮ֮ҲҪһٸԵһġ
ӵһٸԵҲ鼶ǿߣʹ鼶ǿҲһһٸԵȡһˮ
һʦĻһˮ֮ϰǧĿˣ
Ůָ֮½һص״ãͶʱ;ԼϾѹһɽһ㣡
䲿ƵʼһٱӣŮ͵
͵˵ͷؾ֮һĿ֮һٱѹͣοˡƽ֮͵һɱ䣬ӦһٱȻǵӦ֣
ԪӤڵŮʹҲ¶һ˿˼ɫһңһٱһǿһʼҲһ㲻Ӧȴߣ
Ů֮£ʹһʯͨһ֮У
аһ
һ㣡Ů˵ƳͲεʿܹĵط
ôϷĵӾʤһ쿴Ѿվ֮еϵЦôҲβס
ʹʯͨģһʿ֮;ǵһˡ
ʣʹǵս䲿֮ʱҲ޷һ
üͷһ壬͵ʵһ֮ǿģܷܳңǵӵӲǽĳģǵʱ
ͷȰɣȥһҵĵˣһЦǰĿռͻȻŤ˶û֮С
߽˱һſڣ˲ǰĳһ䣡
ѩɽȻ͵ǰ
ⲻʲôеѩɽ
Ҳ̾һʿֶεǸĪ⣬Ȼܹٳ˾޴һռ䡣
ȻһΣһɽͻȻһͷ޴ӳѣ
𣡡ֲ춯أ
ܣ°һ
ܲޣǺޣܹһеǰ˺飡
һռ֮еıɽһ޴Ӱ֣
ЩɽȻӡ޵壬һռ֮еıɽֹǧ񲻾ζһռ֮ĺޣ
ûк徳ʵǲܻܵģ˵
ܹ˶ĺ޷ӡһռ֮У֮еʵǿֲ
ѹЩϼһ˵ļɵа̾һ
͵ͺһһмΪͨçţȭ˳ȥ
ѵ֮еĺСƵĵçţȭʱȻһʱղסýʯƳɵľƱ˲䱻ķ飡
çţȭûŪɣе㲻Լ۾
һ߾Ȼֻһçţȭ
Ȼ͵çţȭܵ򣬾ԼʩչҲܱʩչĸΪɫ
һȻֻһçţȭδҲ̫һɣ
ߵʵӵеĹźܴӰ죬һǿһƥԼͬһεߣ
ֻһçţȭʱ˶ݵʧ񣬵漴Ǵϲ
ֻˡçţȭܹͣ⡶çţȭֵزһѾ֤֮ϵĻѾޱȵι̡
Խιѧ֮ʱԽɣ
ֻŹ;һյƿӣߵĻƿӾжߣҪҲǲϵĳƿӹˮ
ǰͻΪûʲôѧԿǴӳԶ;һպչĿռ޴
쿴ӵʱԽԽ⣡
ΪǳçţȭҪܴ췽ҹ̷ңϾѾ˿ڣ
һռ֮ϵѹƣԪ֮ⶼ޷ʹá
䲿ǿ߿ٳĿռֻ֮ʹҲǳûʲôѧĿһȴ޷ӳ
飡ͼܵʱһɾ޴ֱӰͶһƬռ䣬ˤһĽų죡
ѵһԴײӲĵ֮͵Դ죡
֮ʮʿصǱ̲סЦ
֮ȴģͻͷһ
ɼõıǱеĴӹǮƣսռ㽫һͷȺ徳ʿ׶Գնɱ
ʿ˵˲٣ǶɹԼǰռֵĺնɱ
Ψһһʧܵģ


662 
˺۵Ҳ¶һ˿Ц⣬쿴ΣܳΣ֮лһͿأ
İѾȲҪĳˣ͵춷ô꣬ǵһγͷβĻһΣ
ϵĳվһߣǽһ֮Ӧ˵һ
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Ǯôһ˵ͱΪ˱Ǯƣ̼Ǯƣʹԭ֮еʧء
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ҽǵĻЩ˵ӡ˵԰ǧУʱʦҲûס
һУĿǰ֪ľѬ֣һռŵĵ·ԽԽԶ
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670 
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671 
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СһǲҪӵѪӦĳ֮Ѫɡߵﲻݣ
˽Ҵеĵ֮ҲǷſˣ
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һҲ˿Ĵ⣬˫֮սĺҲԽԽ󣬴սһ
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峤֪ƽһܸ˵ģľЦ
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̲סһһֱӷǵķ
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673 
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½֮ͺǴ˲ٵĽļҲһ
ȣ֮ϵȷŵƣҲΪڵһûгʽʵȻõͻԵĳɳ
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ǿҲֻһʿˣʹܹԽսɱ徳ǿߣҲ鼶ľɣ
ʹһ˳˯֮УֻҪǳľҲ鼶ġ
˵ľȻǾˣ׼ȥ˵Ļ³ԿԼ
ΪһвǸˣͺһ
ң񹦸һͷȻ㲻ʲô¾ڨڨһЦıѪ͵ϣҶײ͡
˵ľλøңȻȥΧŪһ㶯Ҫ˹ĻǾ͸ס˵
ǣ¾Ŷʮȥ
Ź¾µͳһ
˳˯ĵصﲢԶȴ˯ĵص֮£Ҫ뽫Ū治һ׵顣
ԼֲóݣڵصսĻʵܵһ̶ȵƣ
ͻһϻƹһµһ˶˵ص֮С
ô󣡡Ͳĸ̾
½֮ʱôཻڸߴɵľѾİˡ
Ǽʹʩչ˻֮ط֮ɵİǧɾǰľǰһëûгСӰˡ
ʹһ˻Ǵڳ˯֮УǿϢҲһá
ĿˡͲһ
ǰ˯ľ˲Ǿһ֮ΪͨĶĿˣֻмһֻ۾ˡ
һ֮۾ԽʵԽǿ˵һ֮лǧĿľˣֵĴڿ¾֮ǿʼҲҪĶӡ
Ŀھһ֮ѾǾӢˣͬ鼶Ŀ˵ʵǶĿ˵ʮ
Ϳһ𻹴ڳ˯֮еĶĿˣ֮˶ûѹɼܵĴжôء
۾һƳھ˵ؿڿһ޴˿ڣһô󣬳ɫѪûиɺԣһƬĿ˵ѪȾ˺ɫ
౻е˰ܻͶò̾Ŀ֮ǿ
ܵشȻûȥ֮оȻһһĸԭˣ
ɣ㲡Ҫ͵ϣǿұһСçţȭ˳ȥͬʱܴﵽļޣһذĿǻѪĶĿ˵࣡
䣡
𣡡
޴ıըĲҽ涼Ҳ
ʲôո·ɲʿٷüͷһ塣
ͬʱ鼶ǿ߶ע⵽⾪
ǿķͿԼұۣռȹȻǳһ
ȭͷ˿֮Ϸ·Ǵһ壬޴ķֱ֮۶÷飬޷
䣡Ŀ˽Ƕһ£ص׾췭ظʯϵ¡
֪صǲܴˣʿпܱ£һֱӷɳ˵棡
ʿޱȿֲǿϢڲϵĿ
ȻոյѾΧǿߵע⣡
ҲǰڣԼʵ̫ˣڴǧѷĺûᡣ
Ŀ˵Ŀ̶ֲȣʹǶĿ˵˿ҲûɱĿˣǼŭһĿˡ
һ𷢿ĶĿ˻жôĿ£Ҳֻֻ֪ˣ
飡һվĿ˾ͳ˵صףֻɺ۾ɨܣƺҪҳǸŵԼ˯֮ˣ
Ϣ͸Ͳ˯˶꣬Ƕʼ˻ĶĿܹġ
һ壡ٷȸϵؿڲѪĶĿ¶ϲɫ
Ŀ˱ѰοһѾشʱпȥĶĿˣ
ѪٷٺһЦⶫʹԼã֮г۵Ļе䲿ЩһǵǰǿҲֱܶӶ
ĿˣöδȺٷжıʹһ󾪺
ٷ¶һ˿Ĺâ
䲿֮нΪɫĵӣʵѾʥ۷壬ʱп̤ľ磬ȣֿȵ䲿ǮҲҪȻʧɫ
㵹Ŀ죡ٷһ
ҲһЦ
ٷ濴Ŀһۡ
֮ǵǼǿ߸ϵǵõĸ٣ʼ
Ѫණ㣡ٷ浭ĺһ
ƽ֣ʬҲҪҡҡͷ
ٷüͷ΢壺θδҲ̫˰ɣ
ʲôòҪôˣҪôʲôòԼѡһЦ漴źٷȴѡ
Ȼ֪ѪԻҪԼ󣬵Ǻٷ滹޷ܾΪԼһܾĺпܺѪʧۣ֮


678 
ãɽɱĿˣٷһһһб˶Ŀ˵˿ڣ
ͶԹĶĿô׻ɱģ
һдڶĿ˵˿֮Ϸһ죬Ŀ˵Ƥûвƣ
һʱĿ˵ĶĿ֮һĿֱָٷͻˣ
ߣһһֻɫֱӽһһ
䣡⻪ԶһɽͷʱƵɽʧĸɸɾ
ڰ֮еͿĿһҲһ£ԼСЩӵе
ƾ㶫ҪȡҵֱǲٷЦһһһ澵ӭ˿˿⡣
⻪ٷľ֮Ȼ˻˶Ŀ˵ϣԽһɽը޵ĻҲڶĿ˵ϴһСӣ
һĿЧһͺĿеĹ˿ɲǼֹͣ䣬һָֻһ֣·һȣֱӳٷɨȥ
δӴˣһ쫷ϯ
ٷɫһſڣһֻםֽ³˿⡣
һѽֽץס׼ѹľֺݺһӡ
ɲǼһɰ׷ƾֱӺ;쫷ײһ쫷޷˷ֺ
ۿɨһЦ˫ֺϲȻҪĿӲӲ
ͿһĻҲǴһĿ˷֮ǿ֮Ѿܹˡ
ͬ鼶ԿĿԱȽϴ
еһϲ˫֮һսͻȻ֡
˵޹⣬ۡ
һȺ󣬳ԪӻϱгֻһӣһȻն
͡һһǵ֮һûϵĴָϡ
߷ֻ֮һĴָѾϢĵ¡
һʹĲҽУʶһջأͷϵĶĿùԲһִѪ˿
Ķס˻ªϿʼֳ˿ŭ֮ɫ
նһ󣬻ɫһ𲻼
Ϭĵ⵶ȻɴԪģ͸̾һ
ոջնһûнʲôǿǿޱȵԪ
⡶е䲿֮ƺҲʲô˲ѧǵؽƷѧ
ܹͨõһ׵ؽƷѧѾܿɹˣԻ䲿֮еĵλʹǵõѧҲʲô£
ֻˣԻ˽ĺٷҲ¶𾪵ɫ
ǰģһ㣡˵
ô˵ǺٷҲһͬʱڰ̾Ĳ
һܹһѧѾǺ˲ˣѧ߶ᱻΪ֮š
ѧȼԽҲԽѣǮġǺ񸫡ƷѧʹķҲδܹȫʹǮƵʦҲûн⡶Ǻ񸫡߲Σ
һ˽һͻᣬ˵ıǻһˡ
ǺֻҪһӴܹڻͨʹʱܵΪƲܽѧӳʮɵٹѾܹӳһѧʮʮɵ
ӺٷʶʼĹѾ°֣⡶е๦֮ҲǺͨһ֣
һƺ津ŭˡҪˡͲ֪ܵ˻ָôˣȫȬˣɾͼˡٷֽȻɢǹ쫷󣬶ž˳ĶĿ˵
һ㲻˵ҲҲ֪ġղֻʵΪΣ׵ıնˣҲһͨľˡҿɷӦսˡžջصƣ˵
δ˵˻˿ڴͻȻһâ
̹йѪ˿ѿ񳤳תۼ䣬һĴָˡ
֮ĴָĶ˼£ĺ⡣
һ漴һ
֮壡ٷҲͫһһ䡣
ʱֻȻһ棬ڡ¡¡У涼һ޲
һ°θ˱˴վ
úٷͻɫѿǣ˷һվ𣬾ȻµУֵһץһֻʯ
˰ʵڴó棬ȼо˵һߡ
ϡϵͱͬľһġ
˿ֲҽ㲢ʲôҲûм˸ӲӴ˶ġ
Ȼ鷳ˡȫˡٷϼ鴤һ¡
˵Ҳ֪ŪľѪмֵޱ˵ſһ
ϣвϼһֳһһ˳ĳǹ
ǻǹ
Լ֮ʱǷԼʵʱ
ǹһϼ˲һ»ΪСͬһһڿз裡
˱ŭĺδͣĿʼųһͬʱһʯ׼ͷµĴӡǺݺһ
һֻ֣ɽһץһƾ㵽Уâ󣬻Ϊһֱɵľʯ
һʯʹźХ֮׼ĺٷͶ˳ȥ
ձǹһǹֱ̳ӽµľʯɣ
ٷҲǳһӡסµĴʯ
սʽʼˣ
Ͷڿע˺;˵Ĵսüͷһš
Ϊʿʹе֮սʶӦ£ߵһһȫԪζѡ
رǺٷָӵǿŴӡÿһǰעУӴ롣ȻӡܾˣҲ޷Ӳǰ޴ʯ
Ҳǵһ˽Ĺۿ鼶֮ս
Ҳ˶רעǰĶ֣ûע⵽һԻһڵСڿţ
粨һǹ£ֱӴ̴˶Ŀ˵ָ
ƣǹ֮ϱֱĿ˵ָ֮ڱƣײһ𷢻ӳ˿ֲ˲㽫Ŀ˵ָըɣı֮סĿ˵ʹըϵָڶʱ֮ڸԭ
飡ڶĿָը˲䣬һֱͶĿʯһĴӡץסһ˿϶һӡ˶Ŀ˵۾֮ϣʱɣ
Щͬһ̴˶Ŀ˵۾ֱӽĿ˴̳Ϲӡ
û۾Ŀ˸ǵвһ
һӡҲ鱦ġа˵
Ҳ֪ǷΪˡԵʣֻҪһķҪԼ塣
ٷеĴӡֽѾﵽĿ֮еı׼
˺ǿ鼶֮Ӧûʲô˵֮У˵
۾˱ʵǲǶκһǼΪǿοһҲֻʱϵˣ
Ŀӵ֮壬ʱ֮ǶҲ޷һɱ


679 ڷһ
ӡһ֮Ȼһû£ļתͣΪһŰםӰ
ʱиɫ˿˿ϼ⣬ӡоۼȥԾ˵ٶѸţ֮Ĺ򣬴ӡѾԭȵССնڱ£ƾ쳣
ݹһھʮҲͣһ̧Żɫͬʱֶһ֮º¡¡
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Ȼͬһͨбǰġеͬն
ͫ䶢žһֲۣԪʱţγһֻϻһĶ
ʱ˻˫һţΪһʹ£Ȼһûвˡ
󣬾Ȼųɭϼ⣬˫ֳж׼һն
һϸߣһŵն
ȻΪ˯̫öǶЩ˻ںٷͻǿߵϹ֮£ҲܵΣ
һ𣬱ϹĶĿȻ׹һ黯ΪһŰ׾Բ
Ѫһ֣һʵʵľִͫ׼úǸնϸߣ֯ײһ
һĻˣ
ϸֱ߱ĽӴ֮â֯˸ʼϢһʱֲ
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һȭ±ĳһĴִѪܣ׼еĴӡǺݺһ
ȻҪƾһֿȭҪͷĴӡ
Ѱһ촫ӡһ֮·ųĹâڰעһеͣҲ˫ĿһУ˫Ŀ
漴еһɳֱһ󼤵һΣҪߵӡ
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ٴ˫Ŀ·ȴһ
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Ǻٷʼնûκ֪ʩ˹ؼʱ޷ģѾг񣬲м˵ʲô
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Ŀɫһһ˾·Ϣĳȥ
ͬʱȻĴЦҿǲߣҵȻ޷ôͽ
ڽɢȥ¶еһС
ֻĿѾ˺۵̵ѪУһֺֻһֻŶһԣƺǱӲնϵġ
޴ͷ­ѾϡãֻʣС߶ѡ
ھؿڵĴһľ˿׶潹һƬ·ʲôһͽ໯ΪС
ƴ˻¾صһ
ڰͲ࿴˻ϵıǹһۣ
ʼպٷչֳͨͻûʲô̫ϵҲֻлϵıǹпһɱ
˻Ѳ־ȻôֽţٷЦ
ɱһͷĿ֮ջ֮Ѿ鼶ʿüЦˡ
һͷӵ֮Ķ۾ҲܹʮξѪʹҲһʲСĲƸ
ѪΧ㾯䣡ٷ澯ĿΧһۡ
ɱĿ˲ΣյģΣյӦ֮󱻾ѪĲǣ
ͺٷ˿Իɱһͷ˵ĶĿˣȴûаӦҪԵĸ·ǿߡ
ʹͻĹϵôãҲʶģһΪȷҪȺٷһٷûѪҲһһ£ֻҪصǱǰȫˣ
Ϊʲôǲ˴ȥڰ̲ס¡
ϾֻҪһո̤ʿ֪ʱڴԭصĻһΣյ飡
Ҳûа취飬Ѫھһ֮ȫȫˣ΢΢̾˿
ҲΪԭ򣬺ܶʿûھ£˱Ѫ£˫ҲǴѪʱҶòѪ
˵ͷһĿ˵֮ϡ
飡һѪͻȻ
Ŀ˵ȻɽҪ󣬵ѪȴֻһôС
һѪڻĲѹ֮£ԽԽСֻһСô
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СģڻһžѪװһ˷ĵƿ֮ʱһӰٳƿץȥ
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ŭ֮£ĵȻһȵ棬˷·һ³е
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ңٷŭһʮָɿĳӰ
ƿʮϯȥһӡ
ӰһĴЦһѽСƿУȻһΣͻΪһƱжߡ
٣Ǻڷһĺ׶ݣһŭһţһɫĹ⻪ѾƵǰ
ؼƷѧղٷ¶һ˿ϲɫ
ٷ涼û뵽ȻһѧˣһѧǺڷһĺ׶Ҳܰѵ˻׷
ڷһ󱲣Ѫ˵
ǾҪûˣ˲ãɫĳìֱ¡
ǹ㻹򣡡һֻɫƴڿ˲仯Ϊ˿ǹ˿ס֮Ȼã
˿ǧơǻյһ֮ͨǰĸһѧͬ⡶˿ǧơһ˸յѧ
ڻвϳֵѧҲǸе˼飬ܹͨһѧѾһܲ׵ˣʩչƷ͵ѧҶЩѧ˼ľ磡
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ǿĹͰһڿŮӵ˲䣬͵Ȼʧأ
ۣһѪ˳ڰӰҲ鼶ǿǰ
ţһˣٷ濴е㾪ȣ漴üͷи¶һɱ⣡


680 
ڷһļŮˣһһֱע͵ĵ֮УƳĹЧ
ָѵҿŮһۣǿһ۱еĹͻǵһ
ϢĹ򲻴вʱ˰ɣҺͻȻûз֣ٷٺһЦеɱʢ
ͷһһ䣬һɫֱˢ˳ȥ
⧲֮£ǺɴŮеƿһֱ͵У
ѪѾ֣ﻹҶϽһ˲Ϣ֮ʧӰ٣
ʲôҶ޷ֵڷһŮӲ˼ĿԼ֡
Ϊλֻ飬ʧĸԴضһɫâ
ҲЩȣΪͼʶȻϲһɫĹâǺ
ɫâֵһ˲䣬еıǹ֮ϾȻһ˿·ܵĳֺһ㡣
ûлǿѹŵĻǹпܺһСƿһ㣬ֱӱһɫĹâˣ
ΪԼѾ鼶ǿߵʱ򣬱ͻȻһߣ
뵽ȥ
֮Ȼелϼһһֻɫӡͷ측ֶһ»ΪʮɴСһҶ£ýС
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ͼʶӡǶĿССʯӲġ
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¡¡һӡȻǱѰһӴ¾ͿʼĶѡ
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˫ֺ£һɫϸն˳ȥЩ׾һ
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ŮʵȲǼΪֲĹȴһ鷳֮ʱҪôһ£¾п﷭
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ٷ滰䣬һſڣһɫС·ֻһΣ͵ѪϿգһն¡
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һĦ̶ɫɽֻʣһ˿ڽֿն֮¿ȻȻ˿
˷ɽӲĲס磬޷¡
סٷһᡰסЩˡ
ڷɽȻʲôĲƶɣҲǴʱĪ󹤷ƳɹҾǧ֮Ѿһ鱦֮¡˿̾Ȼ޷նһʿķɽЩˡ
ٷгԾģϺޱ飬ַֻɿһǵһһģ¾ûʮһ޶ĳѪȥһҪзʬӡ
ٷ벻ǣѪеֻǼͷһΣɫС֮ϾȻֻ˰ལ⣬ͬЩϿյסǸ޷¡
ʱѪѾҷѾдʣʮָͣı䶯һҪʩϵӡ
ʱٷҲû֮ǰ֮ɫһǿһʱ֮侹Ȼ޷һССĻʿ;úǻ
ʹʱѪѾʩչһ̶ȣʩչȥĻٶ֮пٷԼ׷ϡ
϶ԼǶԸһССĻʿҪٷһ뵽;ùֵֹģ
ֻһöӡһ¡
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ٷҲһ㶣ӡһ鱦ټڵΪȫ߶ǻҲδظӲӣǰĻʿȻƾһССͽӡסˣ
һڵǺұںһľĸ
ڰīʱסīǵڤĪұ֮У;ĸںһ
һںϱʱ⣬ںڼ䣬͸޷ĸϢھĸ֮УΪϻ֮ҲʧȥϢ
ֱͲŷԼѾܹĸˣϻ֮ȴûκεϢ
ںڤ֮ĸһʵķԾ˵ΪǿķΪ
ڵľĸȻһα鱦۵Ļϵɻ꽣ҲҪμ穡
鱦Կٷ鱦ӡȻռ˼ıˣ
Уﲻˢɫ⣬ˢ͵ͺһĸסӡɫˢ
һ˲䣬ٷʧȥ˺ӡ֮ϵĸסӡֱӱ˹ȥӽ֮У
ѪӰݣڴʱϵѪҲﵽ˼㣬һѪɫӰ˲ʧӰ١
ѪӰǿȫԷӳԶڵƶٶȣٶȾ鼶ǿҲ׷ϣ
һ²Ǻٷ棬ոոϵĻҲסˡ
漴ŭһһһһβһѪɫӰȥ
鼶ǿ߾ȻһʿˣǷ˼ȴеķǵǰ
ΪҪľѪҲ͸ˣ޷̵顣
ǷѾֶβŽǶĿնɱȴͼһˣһζʲȥ


681 
ǵͺٷ׷Զ֮ûм͵ӰʱʶԼѾˡ
ٷ淢ԼʶڷԲ֮һһҲûз͵Ӱӡ
鷢̫ͻȻˣûüСʶǣȻԲôˣٷ߷ߵ˵
ҲûҵˡҪôԷΪԶҵȣҪôʩչʲôԽϢڱεǵ޷̽鵽ֺѾˣϢʱҲɢ˳סҲ૵
ǿ϶ǵڶԭˣˡǰǱڸȴ˿ûˡǾͨĳּͨٷüͷһš
鷳ˣͨǸ޷ҵˡǲ鴤һ¡
ץ͵ûʲôؼϵһƿѪдõģۿҪˣȻͺһܣѼӶˣβա
ҾͲţҲˣٷһ
ǸҲԼ±ŻˣֻҪ;صٺҲᱻҳ
ҲǱͬ뷨ǻôʵһɱˣһƿѪпֽ׶ܹŪΨһһƿʵ᲻þôװ׷ˣ
ʱѾǧ֮һСɽ¡մ䣬һƳ׵ˣҲȥ
˿̵ȫޣ±һͨʿ˫Ŀ΢յһʯϣ˿ûС
һͺȻ˫ĿǴһ˿Ц⣬һ䣺㽫ڵҲɢˣԵǰ̲飬޷ϳġ
Ҳ˫޵ĺôˣԪԼڵӡ鼶ǿҲܷ֡
;һͷβߣͲ鿴κε
֮ǰչֳֶνɵͨǻǺٷ涼ΪһڵߣͲ߷ȥ롣
ͷӡԼ֮Ҫƾ֮ǰӦ͵ϢҵĻעˮһգ
ʹˣҲûھͶ뿪˼
Ƿͷϵʱ򣬼ʹѾ仯òϢҲԸðʲôյġ
ʯһԾ£ԾɽϷݶȥ
ú͵һ鱻͹ľڱεʵʵɽǰ
´˼ۣͷ漴˿ֻȭͷȻӲӣ׼ǰʯ
¡¡ľһʯʱֶˡ
һΣ˾͹һС
ȻŶڴһȭڶϡ
ʱһʯ£һ¾ͽڶˡ
ʯ̱һƬں
ȴ⣬һһ׼õҹС
ЩѰ֮ʱ½緭ģȻҲðˣ
ץʯһģʱھ֮£ҹ׵Ƕ˶
ڵӨ֮£ʯжʱ˴롣
һɾĵطһӴȡǸѪСƿĿĴ
ƿ˲ͣɢѪâ⣬һеҲ֮ͨȥ⻬쳣ƺͨĴ
ָḧСƿаֹš
κüͷһ£ִӴȡһƴıӣŽƿĸӴ򿪣׼Բһбĵ¡
ƿâתð߰˵ɫҺ建Բȫһεε̷ɢȻ޷ںһ塣
˫ĿһеϸһһָһҺһ㡣ָƴǴһ˲䡣ɫҺ徹Ȼһ½ָУҪʹƵġ
üһ£ָϽһͽҹ˼֮⣬Ȼһ֮£ҺٴλԲС
ȻǾѪ١Ŀ˷֮ɫ
棬ЩҺٴεСƿУȻСĵսУԼĵɽдϢ
ȻڷȫޣٹȴδʧֺóԺʲôġ
úһСɽһɨ˿ûУȻһɨˣ˿ûע⵽Ĵڡ
ʼڣЩƵ쳣޲һʮεɨ
˰ºֻ̱ˡ
ٵºֻһһˡҶõҲԶԶȲǰǿѲ֮˻ˡ
ͲɫԶʯδȥ
ʱһҲûˡ
ڶһӦ˱仯һϲ
ֵº󣬲ĳ˫Ŀһһȭ鶴ʯ˲Ż˳
˿һУδκ仯󣬵ٺһЦһ˦ǵֱɽ¶ȥ
ãξɽʧӰ١
һ󣬺һСУһİߡҴڲɹһ󣬾ﳤȥ֪ˡ
Ϊû׷ضʶйѪ黹ǽ˿
ٷ鼶ֵ£һʿȡˣȻ治ѡ
ٷЩģڻصǣһü׷£ԶᱦʿҲһ˼ȥѰҡ
֮ᱦ֮¶ļͨͬСɣȴ·Ǵʯͷбĳһ㣬Ȼ˿ûС
ٹһûٹע˻⣬Ѫ֮¾㲻֮ˡ
Զ̵һߴΡɽɽУһīĿռУһӰ棬Ͻ΢΢Ųͣ
ӰһȴһѪСƿڵϣ·ѾտҲˡ
ӰȴֻǶҲҪظͷ·һ㡭
ʱķ˵һĴѾȥˡǶԷ˵ȴֻһ˲⾰
һ׵ʿһװξ·Ӱڵɽ
һ֧Ȼһ̶ӣװξ֮ϣһ塱Եøҫۣ
С㣬ǰ·ϵȫͻȻһ׳Ӵ
ˣȫǰ֮дһŮӵ
⽡׳ŮӵǳȣǣС㣡
Ȼ䣬̶ӵٶȶһң֮ҲһȻҲһ
С㣬ǸҲһ˲ţСҲ壬ϧҲҪػСߣСһоûУ֮һŻŮ̲סʵ
ΪС㡱ŮȴǴһΪصĵۣҲһˣ֮Ѿжദ
һС㾹ȻûŮĻʵ޷ܡ
ܺãҶûκεĸоһλС°ͿŴӹӰ·˻֮С
һֱ˵Ҿͽưˡ
ҿˣҪǲҵĻҾɣ
һλС˸Уʹһʮ꣬ȴûԼ죬ʹԼҲֻܼ䡣
ȴΪǸ˶˷츲صı仯


682 ˫׽
С㣬̻߳龳ĵһܹͨһ·޾ĺôһ׷ԲԵ˵
һλС˵ͷһҲ֪̻֮۾ڶǣ޲ܴ졣
׷οһЦС˺ܶˣûͷڣҲԱԼˡ
Сɫһ䣺ǧô˵˪кܶҪѧϰġ
ڴʱͻ
ͻȻһѰľԶ߿մŴӺ¡¡֮಻ϣеȻܲХ֮֮һ±쳣
Ḷ́Ȼһ˲ĹδȽϡ
ʲô޳⣬Ŀһɨ֮£ȻžɽƵĶԾʧ
üͷһ壬̧Ȼᡰ⡱û¡
޳һ٣ͣ
һƳţ޳˳ƽϣȻͬɽ֮ڵĸ߿ȥ
ɫʱ
١ʿڶ٣Щ֣С٣Ҳ١߾ɲԶɽ߿Щˡ
ֻԶľɽѱͬһ㣬һɫĵ绡гûԾֹƵĺ¡¡֮ǴǱߴںЩĵطһɹɰם쫷ڿХţͣɽͷɽʯѣľɡ
ʱȫͣЩʿҲһĿɿڴҲһ޷Ŀõ澰
޳ȴмڿշһ󣬾ͷ׷׳߷ɶݶ
ϣλǰڶ١ϿɿǺ١ƺС٣ѵλڵǰɽСһӢĻ꣬ƺȺ˵Ϊ֮ˣһ̴ͷ̬ʵ͸©һ˿˷ܡ
Ҳѹּʹ磬鼶ʿҲʲô˿ġ
Ǵ٣ĴҼһΣµȫϽɫġԶҪҵĶࡣҡҡͷǳ϶ķϵ
ٿһСҵĶ࣬Ҳ޵Ļ֮١أƺҲжϵġ
һҲ̫ӣ⼸ᵤʿ¶ʧ֮ɫ
ڿ쫷ѾԽԽɽԲȫǿͬʱѹ֮£ͨƽ϶޷վȡ
һһ£ɴгʱ̳һȦλ֪ʿȽٽǰ
壬ǰǰڶɽ𣿡޳֮еСʵ
˵ͷСģ˲鼶ǿߣСʵҲܽƷ
ԶһŽɫ׻ȻһƷУһ绡ӿ׹£ʼһģתۼ飬ͬһ¡
һĻˣɫ绡ɽ׷ױѿΪŴĿ⣬ɽȥһء
Щɫ绡һӴɽһû룬֮һ㡣
漴ɽҲ죬Ʊƺ̱ɽ׻񱩼ֵӡ
һĻԶԶעٵĿԼᵤʿһЩɫ绡ǺףЩɽʯ赲ֱֺ֮ܽ˶ȥӡֹΣƺֻдٵϽײŻֵġ
ѵĳִδֹĴࣿ
ЩжЩֹ֮ʣһŴĿɽмһ֮¾ɽİУеӰġ
ϵ˼ˣȻ֪Ӱ϶ǶȽٵĴͨʿ
ǲ֪ǱЩɫױƵ޷ɽжܣֻöݳɽ⣬Ǿڿտ֮ʩչֶӦ֮ġ
ʱЩԭɽĽɫ绡·ͨķһ䣬׷Ŀ¡
һХӽдӰͷͻȻһɫ޽ն
Ľ˿ɳ֮£Сնڱסˡ
˿֮Щɫ绡һɨȫ˾޽֮УЩɫ绡ȴ֮͸˿ֱ·Ӱ¡
ãããӰƺҲһŭЦ
ȻӰһ꣬һ֮ڴֽ𻡿漴䣬Ϊһž޴ͷ
ɲǼͬɫĽ𻡽֯һžз׷ױѣȻͬʱϸ䣬ӰϿձ쳣
ϵ˿ĻЩˡ
ԹĴڣȻٵġͨ׵һףǵ޷ֵ˲䱻ɵ⵽ɵġ
ǰȽʿ֮ͨ׿һ޶Ҹ׵Ӳ׵ģʵû˵м˸ġ
еĽɫ绡·޾һĹ󣬷ǵûͣµ˼Խִ
绡ԭȵĴָϸѾֱһִˣ
Ϳ֮бԽ׳Ľ׽Ҳ¶һ˿֮ɫ
¡漴ľޱ䣬;һԹۿĿҲͬһ㣡
˫ɫ׽֮ӭһƣһʵĽ֮ɢĿֲϢ˶Ϊ֮һ
ѵλǰɽ٣겻˼Ŀ֮һɫơ
ۼ徳ʿɽ٣ٵȴԶԶһɫơ
ԭĽ׽پѾΪˣټһɫƣ鼶ǿҲɡ
Ǳٳ٣¶һ˿ɻ
½ʿڷ֮󶼻ӭԼıٳ٣ٳµʱҲһģе̾еҪʮ֮󣬲ʱҲԲᳬꡣ
ٳϵʱԽҲԽǿϵʮʱ򼸺ûʲôʿܹȹˣ
ʿٳ֮лѾǵһΪֲĵزˣ鼶ʿٶҲ³
Ҳû뵽Լͻ֮ʾȻһ顣
ڵõѪ֮ɽ֮бչذ꣬ڽһƿѪȫ
Ѫһƿʮξ͵ǿȷ
Ѫһͻأֱӽʥ
˿ֲĽٶҲͬһʱ併ɫ٣˫ɫȻԵ͵ĻҲδûеֵĿܡ
ɫٵĻһɫ٣ǾǿҲҪˣ
ٳ٣ôôʱ䣿ҲǴʧɫĿǰʵǿıٳٿ˵ʮ
ƴˣһᣬһ׻ʽ˲صС
ɲǼֲԪȫעұ֮УԪศɣںһ֮Ȼӳԭ
ҲΪλҪ˫޵ԭˣһںϷӳԭȵ
ƣһɫĽâֱĿȻһ˫ɫƣ;ȻҪ˫ɫƸƣ
پʹ־ǾսģɲǼ˫ɫƾҵķֲ֮лۣ
ʹ˾ѾǴŭ˽ƣ־ǾԲսģԭҪõ˫ɫ׽پȻеһ֮У


683 
һλǰǵһǵһμɽ֮ʱ˸ֱӹƵģ̻֮һᵤʿ̲ס̾
ʿҲΪȻĵ˵ͷͨʿɽ֮ʱܹѾǺܲˣٻѡӲƴģ
ǰһλǰȴֺŵ飬һͬʱ׽ٵʱ
λǰ׶༪ˡѾԪӤڵĿҡҡͷ
޳һԵĹҲΪģȲ˵ɫ׽Ƕôǿ󣬽һ˫ɫ׽پҪһʿˣ
䣡ɫĽâͽ׽ٺȻײһ
ɲǼ磬ƺҲΪһײ
ǿײ֮£ռڲϵѣɽͷֲ˷ĩ
ۣͻȻ䣬һһ۸ϡ
Щ͸ɫâ׵羹Ȼһգ
׽ٵ֮֮ϵʢȻǽٵڴ
ƵһȴǾһ
Щ׵ȻҲɲС鷳
ͷһ򣬾׻ʽȻ֮еĽɫ׵磬ֱ˽֮У
飡֮жʱ㴫˾޴ıը
ȿȿȣ͵ĺһѪ˳
ɷ󣡡ʮָ֮еľ׻ʽһģת˲ֻһ˱
ʹһһ˱׻ʽϽ˿ӿһž޴Ȼһ˫ɫĽư
һĻеҲ̫ˣʵ̫ˣ
һֱ޳֮еСҲ̲סƿ˴֮кӲӲһˡ
˵ϣ˪ƺǿǸ˵Ӱӣ
ɷ֮£һ˫ɫƷԽԽȴ޷һɫ
ڴϵǰƾȻ·磬ÿ˶ޱȣ
ǿһλǰʵ̫ǿˣ˷ܣǿ쾭顣
˫ֺ£֮еһ˱׻ʽһμһʱһ׻ʽ·һ㣡
ɫĳֱ˺һ˫ɫƣ˫ɫ֮еδȫͱ׻ʽգ
ھ׻ʽĽ֮ϽɫĹâԽҫۣ
׻ʽϵĴ֮øӵǿ
͸Ϊǣ˫ɫ׽ٵĴ֮ԭȳ˯׻龹Ȼһˣ
ʱ͵ľ׻ʽ֮Ѿһ˿ǣֻҪõ׳Ϊ鱦Ͳʲô⡣
ںͺħභ֮ʱ׵ľ׻ʽȥһͲòð֮׻ʽ
׻ʽǷɢʮ֮Уֻеʮ׻ʽ֮ʱ֣һ֮󣬾鶼޷ȫγɣͲʣľ׻ʽ֮ողҲ޾ĳ˯֮УͶ֪ںʱһ˿ǲŻѹ
˫ɫٵĴȡ˫ɫ֮е׵֮˯õѣҽ˫ɫƵĴɹ۳飡
Ȼд˵γҪױ֮н׵ͻǵһֽһΪ鱦
ָоһ㣬׻͵ĺӣ
䣡Ȼʱȴûʱ͸ˣһɫƵƺҲѾɣ
䣡ֻɫƺһƶҫ۵ĺɫ
ض·һȾ˺ɫǿҵĻϢأľֲ¶֮¿ʼή
µĽᵤʿҲʼҡΣʹǸôԶǿֲ¶ȶЩᵤʿֿܹġ
ѾԪӤڵĿҲܹԱˣ
¶ȱ˵ĿֲοڽƵ룬ǿֲ¶ȿܽʿֱ˰ɡ
͵ͨ죬·һֻ˵ĴϺ
ƵĹδ¾Ѿ˵ƣ֮ǰĽ׽ʵǲͬն
Ը׽ٵһиɲó͸ôĻ׻ʽпܳʧ֮С
ͨĻʿȻ޷סֲֿ¶ȣƽ͡Ŷ巨
⡶ƽһʱڻ̶֮еľͶ¶Ҳһĵֿ
ĬĬתƽ˹ֲ¶͵֮УŴԼ塣
ֹؼʱ̣;Ȼ治֪˵û˵ã
ڿ˼ֲסʱװλ޳֮нǿֲ¶ȶʱʧĸɸɾ޳Ϊ룬ʮ֮֮ڶһˮɫĹĻ֣ҲһˮɫĹĻǿֲĸ¡
СġˮشԽľˡҲǰ˿
ɢ¶ʵ̫ˣͲֿܹģ˪ֵĻ˺п֮ܶ¡
̶֮ΨһӰҲֻйһˡ
ΪҹľӢ֮ϵΪȻǳѾһ۷ǿߣЩ¶Ȼܹ쵽ġ
˪С㣬ɫƺһʱҲƵаɡ
ͨıٳȻҪôãԵĿɲʲôͨıٳ٣ǵһƾѾʱû£Ϊ˱ǾҪƵ
˪һᣬȻ֪⹫ĽǶԵģ̲סҪԼ֪ԼΪλ뷨
Ⱥ˰һλǰ֮ټǰ˪˵
˪ûвԼĽ鹫Ҳһ˿ŭɫǻǱѹ˵ͷ
˳֮ǿֲ¶ȲˣǽᵤʿҲʲôΣˣ
һ졭
졭

¹ȥˣһʼնûκεĶ¶ȱԽԽߣ̶ҲһˣѾ˳
ͱȴ·ʯһ㣬ƯڿһҲϵϢҲȫ
ͶɽɽΧѾвǿ߻ۡ
ɽپȻ˰£ʵз˼
ҽȥ𣿡ʿͬһʱʶԷ
㻹ѧ˵
ɶ񣡡
Ƕǻﶼһģһòһģһƺ˫̥
Ӵⲻһͬ𣿡һƺ«Ʈ˹
ϾƹǲǷˣ
ϾƹǲǷˣ
ͬһʱ˵鶼ûκεĲ
ƺ«һأ«Ŀһɣһ˳һݴһƺ«ֱӹ
̵ģ˵ۣһݻ֮Ͼƹſһۡ
ܲţ
ܲţ
췢ϾƹƲƲ죺ǷˣǾͲۣ
ŶǶˣͻȻ֮гһɫӡ
췢ƹҲһһﾹȻҲˣ


684 Ʊ
֮оֻһΣȴûκ˳֣
˵Ҳһˣ
˵֮ǰһ嶼ˣֻӳһꡣ
׼ģ˭֪֮һ꾹ȻһƳɵ֮ϡ
֮Ȼټ۴󷽣֮лвʿԸһεġ
Ҳһ͵ļֵԶԶʵüֵ
Ҳ˶ˣ֮˾ȻûƾԽǿ󣬳Ϊ쵱
һͬ壬ϾƹǵĿ죡ٺһЦ
Ҫƨɵ£
Ҫƨɵ£
һ˫̥ˣ˵·һ㣡
ٺһЦ˰ɣǻûеܹĵز
ϻ˵ˣǰǸʶ𣿡Ͼƹһڻָָ֮ڻ·͡
ϹһһɫӰ֮ϣԶĺƣûԲ֮ھûһˣ
һͬҲһҡͷ⸽ҲЩģȴʶڿжɽٵˡ
ӦòҶɽˡ
Ͼƹ˵ͷӦǵģȻǲûӳ񡣡
֮еĺһۣٳ֮е٣˻Ǹշõ½ʿ
½ʿʱϾƹһͬ۾һ
½ʿ֮ʲôĵλǺܹƸ֮ڿռ籩Ϳռ֮շʿ˵һ
ʿʹǻڣҲżǱ
֮½ʿҲ൱ʹҲС
Ͼȱıʱ䣬Ҳڷ֮ʱʵô
о仰˵úãĪܹĶǾӢеľӢ˭Ҳұ֤ǧǰԺЩʿﵽʲôľ磡
˵ܹȹٳأϾƹʵ
˵һεıٳٵƺе㲻ǻ˰֮ã˳ʱһǵһμ֮ϵɫӰҲҡҡͷ
Ī˵ˣ¾֮еĶǿ߶ûмֱٳ١
ܹٳҲֻһˣ
һͬҲҡҡͷȻܶɹٲκε
ǿɡҡҡͷ
͵۾͵֮еһŻƣҪ𣿡
䣬ͻȻҵķɫĻ֮зţһֻֻ˲
ص¶ͻȻʮЩ̺֮Ļ֪ľ󲿷ֻ棬춼ϻҲҪʰ·硣
Ҳֻоͽط֮пܺɫĻһϸˣ
ǿĻ棬ҵġˮشҲֲֵֿܵĻ档۳֮е˪̾һ
֮еĻҲǾ֮ɫʿǻҲ֪һʲôŭԹ飬ȻñٳеתΪ𡣡
ϾƹҲϧҡҡͷٳȻѹҲɵļʡ
ٳٵȻתΪһʷ֮ҲֻΡ
ٳٱɫ٣ҲζŻֲͬԵַը
ɫȻһҪǿ֮࣬еҪΪԣҲζÿһ̫ǿ
һһֵʱǻ
յϢ֮ϣкһıٳٻûʲôܹȻȹģеʿٳٴûҷ
죬ñι¼æ˵
ֻһöˮɫĽᾧضΪ֮һ
֮Ϣ˲ӿֲ¶֮¾Ȼһı˪
£
һö֮ɢıϢȻ֮еĻƲ£
ֱӽһöιҲЩʹһöιΪ׼ģȴòóˡ
ڽؾʱؾĵõһǬߵͷ­
ʱܹܵǬߵͷ­֮żΪֲȴ֪Ǻ
뿪ؾ֮ʱȥϸʲôڱǬߵԴ֮ҵһöȭͷСı
һǱ˪һöͱǬߵͷ­
µı֪һöȭͷСıȻ֮мΪıιϵͨʿ֮
ԭ׼ڷ֮ι飬ȴû뵽ǿıٳ٣
ιһѿǱǱ̺Ŀֲ鼶ǿ߶ᣡ
͵ΧѾһָסˡ
ڿֵʱᱻι֮ϵĺᣬһڵϡ
Щĵط˲һɢź˺ı
Щƽضı·Ϊͷźģһ֮ɢĺѾﵽ˼Ϊ˵ĵز
һﵽʲôôӵͨϾƹ
Ѿ鼶ʿյͨķˣѾǽˣͲܴﵽľ磡
ϾƹǶ˦һöͨⲻ֪̺һ˿ıι˴ЧҲ͵֮ġ
֮ĽԶԶûнıٳ̺֮ԶԶֹôһ㣡
¡֮һ󷭹һö޴Ļ̫ͬһҫۣ
˪ϣһ˦ֱӼܹһռ̻֮ͨеʿȫתƵǧ֮⡣
ҲǼæԼǰط
¡һö޴Ļص˲䣬һȵ˲䱬ˣɽѣɳʯ֮İǰΪ˻ҽ
ıֲ¶֮Ҳʼڻ
Ҳ֪ƴʱˣȥܻŲȥ·һ
һ˦ĸ֮Ͼŵһԥײһö
ɲǼ֮д
ƾǿӲǵס޴Ļ
ͬʱĸҲֳʮȫû޴Ļ֮С
ںڤľĸӶķ˲СĽīǰǿ߶ڤѹķģٳٵǿҲᳬīǣ
飡ƺҲǲһ㣬ͻȻѣ޴ֱӽ𿪣ֱӱըûˣʣܵ˲̶ͬȵˡ
ͺԥеȫע˾ĸ֮С
һĻˣ嶼ըû˵徹Ȼ𽥻ָ
ǽƬ̹;ɫ԰ףɼҪ޸˵Ƕô޴ĸ
Ǳķӡĸ֮еģֻҪ㹻ЩԸԭ


685 
ڱڵĹϵԶҲֻܿһ˲õıﵲס޴򣬲ʲôҲ塣
䣡ͻȻһâ𣬴ǲֱն˻֮ϣ
͵ϥأȫѹ˾׻ʽ֮ϣ
һƿƣҲĿǰΪֹܶõˡ
֮еķϵĻ涼ˣ޷ƽȹĻ͵Ҫ֮һӵͷڹˣ
䣡ɫĽâڴƵ˲䣬ط˲ŰɫĻ澹Ȼǹ˻ƣ
֮вϴͺ˭Ҳ޷֮еľ
飡ͻȻըѣͬһ
ʹһڵ˵Ѿǵ;ƿݵĵزﻹʵȥͬһĻ棿
С⣡ͻȻͷһڣһֻɫĺ«͵ǰЩµĻ꾹Ȼһֻ«˽ȥ
ͲĿͻȻԼǰһΣ֪⼸ʲô˼
Щһȥ첻ٵĺþˡϾƹٺһЦ
Ͼƹһʵھ棬ԾҲǱȽټˡ
ϾƹһȾƣʵҺȵľԽãʵҲԽࡣ
һ㵹ǺһЩʵطһȴûʲôãҲǻͷ͵ģ
ϵӰһۣ½ʿ֮ͨǿȷͨʿܹġ
ǼΪ˫ޣһͬ忴˵
Ѿһǿߣ֮ϵΪѾɵ
ͳż˹˹֣лոյľ֮
ϾƹһͬȻ壬һȴʲô
ѿȤǷɳǣϵӰͷʵ
ɳǣһ㶡
Ͼƹһھ֮ЦЦѻٳȻ½ɳǱ½ʿɵһС
Ҳǵһɳ֣ԭΪ½ʿ֮󶼻ᱻǣƺ
ǣϾƹмƲƲ졣
ҲǴһʱ䣬ҳʺ۵ȷǺǿһȺͲʲô񣬶Щʿġһ
˻ν⣿̲סʵ
ȻǴһʱ䣬ȴл˽⵽Щ顣
ɲ䲿Щ˺ܿ½ʿҲֻǿ½ʿ׿ԽսˡϾƹһھ֮󷢳ĸ̾
ǰǶ½Щ鼶ǿﱧԹﻹЩ˵
ϵӰ˵ͷҲǴǽȴҲֻǳΪս֮еһԱˣÿЩ½ʿǰ棬Ҳġ
籾ͿЩʿ֮У֮ҲǱȱȽǡ
ͺǮ츳䲿ϿΪӵҲֻ֮еʿǱǵս֮УΪǶŵս
ûоҲûʲô
ɳ֯Ӧ˶ˣ½ʿʱ籾ʿѹȣԾ
ڴҶǴ½ҲͱȽϺദ
ɳ֮еķʿҲѾﵽ˰֮࣬вȱǶɽڵĸ֣Ǵڵǿûгֹ
ڷʿ˵ʼһİ֮أǳ޷籾ʿһϸߵͣҲʲô˵顣
Ͼƹ˽ǷɳǵˣֻΪĹϵʱҶɽ֮û뵽ȴͶɽٵ顣
һԹۿ˽⵽ͨǿĪ˵Ǻ籾ʿȣʿ֮ҲҲܹȹ͵ģҪɳ֮С
Ҳǰ̾˿֮еĵλҪһɳǣ
Ϊ֮лĲŻ뷨֪䲿֮еĵӵĻ£͵뷨С
ǿ˻ʵӣҲ˵˻λεȵ磬һССķɳܹȵġ
һʿڶʿ֮Ҳһ˭ͽĶΪأЩжϣܹһʿҵ䡣
Цҡҡͷлλǰĺ⣬Ұ׹ˣǼɳǵĻȻⲻϣġ
ô˵ҲЩʧ
ѵô뿪Ͼƹ̲סʵ
ѵӲ˷ۡ
˳ǰڹ¾µӡǣͺܿҵ˹¾ǵĲ֮
ʮȴʣҲǶ־ǶϽţʵǿĹ¾Ҳһȡ
ʵҳȥ٣ֻҪ΢еʵʿܽǴ
ԭȻָܹһȺ֮УڿЩһﶼǽ
ˣϾΪˣ԰һѣӳһ֮ﳤȥЩǻͿԼ컯ˡ
ûһãҪĻпܱ˸ˡ
Լ֪ԼľٶȻΪԺʿͷʹޱȵĲзŵ춨һȹ̵ĻʯȻǺ󻰣Ҳ˵
ѾʼԾߵ֮ߣϵսҲıʽΪ֮߳õס
ʼߣȻҲǿйоأҲÿʲô
޳֮е˪͵ıӰͻȻļ졣
ͣ˪ͻȻ
ڱܵģͻͷһ£
Ȼ˪һ˿ϲɫ
һж͵ʱ϶һ˿Թǹһο˪һЦʹ˪غ꣬ҲûжЦ
üͷһ壬̶֮Ǹġ塱ֵʱչ
ͳ˪˵ͷһ̣Ȼ˿ûҪ˪ڨ˼
˪飬˪֮Ĺ̸ͣϽҲ̸ꡣ
վס˪С㣬㻹ߣŭһס͡
飡Ԫһֱ˹
ʣΣһһȭ˹ȥ
֣ȻҾͶ㲻ˣ͵ֽסȭͷ˵
һϴľ޴Ҫȭͷˣ
ȸ˪СǸҧţ
ŶͿ˪һۡ
ϷɻĿ˹һۣҺ֮ʲôϵ
ҾԲκ˺˪С㣡һһ͵ĸ
꣡Լᵽһһ㣬͵û£ҽȴˣ
˪͵ϲöʱʧĸɸɾΪʱͶԴ·İһ㣡


686 ī
𣬻ɡ˪ޱįҡҡͷ
һֱڴź͵һط꣬Ϊܹһμ֮ʱΪŮӣ˪̫ŬȻʹǾҲ֮죬̶ȻΪ鼶ǿߡ
ҲΪ͵ĵҩ˾˪̤֮·ΪһǧΪ龳֮š
ټ˪ͬһòССҶʱĿⶢˡ
ǶЩŵߣ˪ȴǲǣ󲿷ֵŵʿ˪ֱ̬ȸˣҲֻйã˪һؾٶꡣ
˪ˣпܱĳж
һ˦ʼĹֱӱӳʮɡ
һξͺһ
ϧӦϧ˰ɡ̾һǴ˪
˪һ𣬲˼Ŀ͡
ǵӦʱûӰ
˾ǣŪϵȾȻĪĺˣù𶼾е㲻˼顣
ϧӦϧˣ˪˿ֿ˿ȥķջǼᶨĿ͵ķ
㻹׼ȥɽ𣿡̲סʵ
Ȼý˻ú˽һ塣͵˵ͷ
ټʶ˻ͺٷǶĿ˵ľһս֮;֮ǿʵ̫ˣԼʵ˵ǲǺЩȻźܴĲࡣ
ٶ֮ϻһƣڸ֮ȴھԵơ
ͬһǰ㣬ֻҪҲ鼶Ĵڣ鼶֮Ҳܹնɱһˡ
ǰɽҲʶһ£Ǻʯ˵ǳʲôӣΪλôʿϧ߼ҲҪ
֮ҲŴĳ򣬸֮ụͨޣûôһˡ
ī룿ͿԶ߿֮һ֮ϵͼЦЦ
ľȻ֮һ֮еī룡
£ǲݰͺٺһЦ
ºһ˭ЩĵļһݣСǸ߰룬һ֮Ҳǹ壬¼ܹȵģ
ʶһ֮Ҳеȼֵģֿīһ֮еĵλҲô
޼أ˵Ȳý룡ؿڿһͷŲƵīʿ˵
͵˵ͷⲢī룬ӵī֮Ѫļ塣
޺޼ĶλҲȽϵģ޼岻Լ壬ҲԼ壬ʿɴཫ޵Ϊһ塣
ѣֻҪȥһи㣡ͰеݹȥƷʯ
ŵʿɫĵ˵ͷԱһλ׵˵˼֮īؾȻôͿˡ
Ǯʹĥ仰ҲһðͺٺһЦ
УǶһ²мĺһ
ЩᱻسŵĶڵ֮Ѫ޷ģ޼֮У޷֮Ѫ˵λǼΪµġ
֮Ѫ˶ܼ̳еģһֱӱ޴֮Ѫܹٷ֮ټ֮⣬ÿһ֮Ѫᱡһ֣ļҲСһ֡
֮ѪĴ֮ͼΪϡˣܹ˿˵ָ
е֮ѪżΪϸĴʽеĻŮһ֮ѪֻŮʿܹ̳У׻һ֮Ѫֻܹ̳С
һ޼Աʮ򣬵ܹ֮ѪֻʮˣҲǰңһ˲޼֮еĺġ
ǿϢһһ֮Уһͷ޴͵ǰ
ΩΩФ˺֣ÿһƬƬ
Ҳ֪һǳԺ֣֮Ȼڵ֮ʱȻĴһѹĵֶͻǵһμ
ǰһīǰɡһֻĺӼȺʵ
ˣüͷһ塣
޼֮Ҳǻһ󲿷ֵķ˵ģЩ˼ûмڵ֮Ѫֲַ߱޼֮еĵλͺūࡣ
ЩҲûг·ǳ֮޼Ҳ˳Ϊǿߡ
δ֮ǰֻī֮и۵Ļάơ
ȻʱʱûԸ˷ҩһȺϣǳʱ޼ѾĶˡ
ҲֻЩ֮Ѫȴ߱ĺӲпܵõ޼ҩ֧֣һܹʱ޵ǿߵʵǺֲܿģ
ΪԼҲ޼һԱܹĸоī֮ʿѪǿ
ǰһСڵ֮ѪϡĻǾ޷ġ
Цŵ˵ͷǵһ
ҿԸ·ԸīǣֻҪƷʯͿˣСĿ͡
͵˵ͷǾȴȥī֮õҩ̰ɡ
Ск˵ĵ˵ͷ漴ΪѵĿͣȽԶҡֿ˿ͣԱߵ޳
ī֮ʿϽշеģҪƶĻͱе޳۸ҲǺܹͨ޳ҪһƷʯڸߵһĶҪ
͵һЦףһһǧ޳֮Скָ֮£ڳеĽֵϿٱţ
СкҲǼΪ˷ܣһ޳֮ϣͨʿɲô󷽻ǧƷʯ޳
ǰ棬ī֮õĵˡСкָԶһƵĽ˵
īپ
־̵֪ĺ̨˭ˣҲ֣Ϊīǵƿߣôܲó֮ϲһأ
ǰȽȥȣСкǴһۣҲҿǰһ
ַˣǸûʸī֮еģ
ҲǿÿطÿطĹأףҲȥΥ
īһεĽṹԽϾԽխ
µһƺǶʿŵģĿƷһЩҩ֮ﶼҵ
ҲΪչЩΪ͵ʿ
һ֮ͲżǧҩͷӰҲһЩΪͨĶֻ˼֮ûеҩûȤ
ǰĲԪӤڵΪһŮӺǿס͡
͵˵ͷԪ
ǰ룡Ůÿ˵·Ҫ֪ʲôΪֻҪԪӤڱԽ룡
ڵĲ㶼ֵƷҲʼϡһЩе黨Ҳ͵֮С
ںķƷʯ֮Ͳĵ˵ͷȷû©ֿ֮ʼѡ
ҪĹϵͶڷҲǺܴ
ǺһķȲϵҵЩҡҡͷ
鱦Ǵ鱦ҲܹģҲֻ˶ѡһЩϺõķ
Ĳ֮Ȼûʲôܹķ


687 Ѫ֧
ĲϾͱҪӵлڵΪҪӵīĹʸ롣
ڵΪð죬īĹȴǰ͸סˣһīǸͲӵīĹ
ת˼Ȧ֮ͱʧȥٴȥȤֱ߳ī
ǰҪҵطϢ𣿡Ск
͵˵ͷں֮Σտǳڵİٱ
ͳһɽסĻпܾͻᱻĳЩĵ˸ϣҪ鷳
ŲԶרΪʿٵĶ۸ҲʮֱˣͨĶһҲֻҪһƷʯСкæ˵ΪԼ˵˶ʧȥͻ
ո⳵ʱѾõһƷʯĻؿۣѾ൱׬ܺˡ
ī֮еҲһĻؿ䵽ϣСкôҲû뵽ͻī֮˶ʯˡ
īǵΧһĶЩյȼ滮ԽǳĶ۸ҲԽߡ
ҲⶴĺûһֱӸһ鼫Ʒʯ
ī֮ƺкܶʿڶڲһ֮üͷһں֮еĳУīǵƺеˡ
Ȼûн㣬ʶȴڵ֮еǵĲ񲻾ζڵ֮ǧǻ񼶱ǿߣ
˭֪أһǸСƨ£ī֮УôҲ֪һ㡣Ц
˵Ҳ֣ûмīѪ¾ûʲôӣһīѪʿ֮ʱ¶ǲм̬Ǻܹ졢Ѫһ֮еλΣͻȻʵ
Ͼһ֮ж֣֮һӦҲ⡣
ǵ͵ȵģ۾ʱгһ졣
е㣡ҲƱ磬ȷеѪһ֮еĵλҲīôͼģҲܵġ
ֵλǱȽϺõģѪҲһ֮еĹˡЦ˵
֮УԽϡ٣λҲԽߣͬһ֮еһֱһ㣬ʮ궼δܳһͷ
Ѫ֮Ѫһ֮мΪټһ֣һʷ϶ûгֹܹõѪ֮Ѫ˵ǰ˱ĸˡ
Ҳǰ˿ԼΪͼһࡣ
ī뱾ĵλˣƺΪʲô츳ͨԲųΪһ֮ΪͼһȺ˵
֮лͻǵһƺ
ϻȻһ֮дССٸ֧˭ͳ죿·˷ûĿ͡
Ϊжǿʳһº⡣
֪ûм·˷ۡ
ֻһ֮д˵еĴڣǸ֧峤δܼȴдڵġ
һĴ˵ÿήһƷ֮ǰǸ峤Ҳ֪һƷĴڡ
һƷһ۷֮ʱΪһ壬ܶʼ֮¡
һ֮Ҳͳƹīһ⣬֮Ⱥ󶼱·
·һڰ֮ڶ˲ű붼Ĵ͸е붼ϣһ·Լڡ
īһҲ˵ǰ㣬ǱȨһ壬ûīһ֮нһ߷飬īһ̧֮ͷ
ʲôӵģû˼ȻҲûм
Ҳû뵽һ֮оȻڶķ֧û뵽֮ϵ
īƺΪʲô鴥ŭ츳ͨһ֮еλ
˻кܶ˶ī֮ѪΡ
޵֮Ѫջ
ʱҲúĥһڵ֮Ѫμ˵
͵˵ͷɣ
ͨı׶ҲֳˣʱͲãʹ֮ʱ٣ҲģͲ⿪
īʲôڶһǸСк;ʡ
Ск˵ͷ˵Ҫʲôɡ
ǰһϳֱļҪڵ֮Դöˡ
Ҳܹī֮Ϊλ˶ʿлд塣
ܹʿī֮УȻһҲʲôС͵ᡣ
ţͷһһĸоͻȻӿͷ
īǳŷһռͨͻȻ֣ɫưʿī֮УȻīڲյĽ
ʲôˣȻôԵҲһ㶡
ͣī֮дʿڲ²⼸Ůݣī֮ôԵ綼ûм
һˣаԺ֮ͻȻ뷨
ŮĶ֮ͷһüͷһ壬ʶ޹˼ɵī֮ɨɨȥ
ôˣʲôԾ𣿡ߵ̲סʵ
ûʲôոպǸܵϢҡҡͷ
ҲһһʶǳԼģԷȻҲкһĸо
޼壬ЩҲ޼һԱӵ֮Ѫһ壡
ôôκεĸоԱߵʿ̲סʵ
ӦòǺͬһ֧ģڵ֮ѪǺһģǿüͷһ塣
ܰɣڵĿǼΪѪһģӦöûмġԱߵ겻˼˵
һҲƵĵطīССĵطôܻкͬһ֧˴ڡһ˿
һȺ֮жīǺǲмЩӵī֮Ѫ޼ͬǲм
Ϊǿһڵ֮ѪΪǿ֮ѪһǾ֮ЦȺۡ
һ֮еĻƽǰҲҪ¸߰ͷ­οһ֮ͬūһī롣
īǷųϢõһ޼żΪֲļӳЧǸͲήµʺĵط
Ӧ֪ˣī֮Ȼв޼ʿȴûһġԱߵ˵
ͷ˵ͷӦɣעŵ㣬ķ˺ͬһ֧ǧҪ
궼˵ͷΨհ
⼸īϿ޼ɵķУһҺԼÿ죬ҪǱЩһʿҵĻ֪ʲô⡣
¿˿ͷһۣƺҲѪһ֧ģȻһӾע⵽ڵ
͵˵ͷʵҲ뷨Ѫ֧Ȼ٣ܲ޼ĳԱҲǼ٣ССī֮ȷһԵ֡
ҪҪڵ֮Ѫ͡
˰ɣұȽʵʡͿЦһ


688 ī
ոǸȻһʿʵѾǴﵽ۷壬ڵ֮ѪʵֱƶɽʿȵĻҪǿһʵĪ˵Է׾ͺܲˡ
һīǵᾹȻʿˣĲһ㰡
ƳһۣƺҲ뿴ⶫʲôˣ
ͺٺһЦǱ޼ĻһûʲôȤ嶼ˣһɲȥ𣿡
ҲǣöҲãֱһҲֻпһεġΪȻĵ˵ͷҲͬͲμһᡣ
ôھֻʣһˡ͵һЦ
¿Цҡҡͷʸ񣿡
͵˵ͷīȻһᣬȻʲôèܽģһġ
λ֪һЩż
С֪Ҫôμ𣿡ͿһߵСк
СкҡҡͷҲû⣬Щ鱾ͲһССķܹ˽ģҲһʣûбʲô
Скȴ֪еĵַȻǰīĵ㡣
ͱҪӵīĹˣοǵ㡣
ҪôŪʵ
СкҡҡͷȻǲ֪ˡ
Ǯʹĥ仰ںʱεضȷģͲǻһٿƷʯʹīһһŮ޿еֻ֪Ҫī֮нһǧƷʯԵõīĹһŹ֮ͿԽīĵ嵽߲㣬ڵڰ˲͵ھŲǲ⿪ŵģƺҲֻīĺĳԱʸ롣
һǧƷʯէһһΪӴ֣ǶһЩ鼶ǿ˵ʯѾ㲻ʲôˣΣصĻЩĵرɾһֱܹΪı
һǧƷʯԼòô࣬ǲָī֮ҲУҪһǧƷʯ˵ʲôѵ顣
۳ʮǧҩ֮;Ѿ˴롣
ڶҩȥĻԵ̫ˣͽϵļƿҩ˳ȥ
ЩҩƷͽ׺н׵ģЩ֮ҩԲûԼõǰţȥҲʲôע⡣
ͱֳҲһгɵʦʵҲڰԼī߲еļֵ
ƿƷҩ֮ī֮н׶ҲĳһǧƷʯ
һǧƷʯżǺܸߣֻҪб£ʱ֮ھܴ룬Ż˶ʿ
īŪҪѡһˣҪųһˡ
ܿ죬īѾҵͣ͵һ֮С
֪λγƺһӷ׵Цʵ
īĺĳԱһ䣬ӷѾīѪѵϢ
Ͳ࿴ӷ׵һۣȻ˲ò࣬˭뵽ѾеֵʿȻīĺĳԱ
͵˵
ӷ˵ͷûֶʿ˵һŰˣֻǷƺ֮Ҳûʲôô
ͽ˵ӷҲ˵Щʲô
ֻӷȡһ͵ǰֻҪѵѪӴԺīĹˡ
͵˵ͷʶѲһ֮ȷûʲôҧԼָѪ
СӷҲû˵ʲôöҲľˣںĻĶСĽľٶҲΪ档
һŹīĵ㵽߲㶼ԵѿţֻҪѳǮӷЦе˵
֮ͳӷ˵ͷ֮󣬱뿪һҡ
ôûʲôɣ뿪֮ӷ걳ͻȻһӰӡ
ӷϵЦҲʧĸɸɾͨ߰ˣȻʵΪܸоڵԪӦǸͻƲãûʲôӰ졣
ǾͺãӰȥһλָƽ
ʱԸоһסԼԼĹϹâһƲ˲ʧ
ĿռȵĲС֮һڳϧƷȴǱȵĲ
Һ͵Ĳʯײ֮ͬûκε̯͵̣еֻһự̱һ֮ϼƷϢֻҪʶһɨȻء
ǲȡｻֻ㽫Ӧ֮֮ʱΧĽƲŻʧ
Ľ׷ʽҲǰһ
֮еƷгƷҩĲϣ鱦ͨѧҲѹӷ׵˵ֻҪǮī֮еõһҪĶ
һ仰ȻпĳɷڣҲʾīǿʵ
Ͳ࿴һۣһһīһǿһ壬һ֮еĻƽļֻǺεȵĿֲ
һ鱦ǰͣס˽Ų
һƷһҩƷֲޣһ鱦һҩ˵еˣȻǵһҩãԲŻ˵͵ļ۸
ͽһһǧҵķ廨֮Уֻһ֮ϵĽͻȻʧһָͬһ鱦͵С
һһöָһ鱦ֱӱСֱӱɡ
鱦ð΢΢̾˿鱦ƷҲãʹҲṩľڡ˵˵Ǳˮн
ڵ֮й˼Ȧõҩҩȡ˼Ʒһ鱦Щ鱦һ־ͱЩǱ׻ˡ
׼Щ鶼µģ˵׻ոյҪǿʵԼʵѾָ۷壬ûбҪЩʵˡ
ûĸΪԼʵ̫ǿģô˵ҲϣͽԼľ׻ʽϾ׻ʽһɳпܽ׳Ϊ鱦ʱ򼷽Ҳʲôܵ顣
ƺһʦ֮УǸ꿴͵˵
ͽóöƷҩһҪôһ棬Ҫôһгɵʦ
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õġ˵˵ͷֱ
ʹ޼ĺĳԱҲҪ嵤ҩǿ壬ûǿĻҲ֮ܽѪЧӵѣ
Ϳ˾ֱԼüͷһ塣
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ͺһΣ
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689 ѪƬ
绹ڷ֮Уʦ𾴵ְҵûĸ˻Եɵĵһʦ
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ϹʺƣǵѲĻɷԸȥһ𣿡ϹʺָָԼڵķ
Ϳһۣصĸоһӿͷ
ȻѾԪӡԼ֮ѪϢҲѱԷܹͨʲôط̽
ûգͺһ
Ѻαؾǧ֮⣬ǿǺгģϹʺһס͡
飡Ԫ޴ֱӽϹʺ𿪣ȴûвˣƿؿ˵Ѿǵ¯ĵز
˫ޣϹʺ̲סԼ÷һۣԪ֮Ҳһˡ
֮һͷ꿴;Ȼ˫޵ʱǰһһ˲վ͵ǰ
ѣ
ͫһһ˽ĺվһǿֲѹ˿ɱȵİһҩĸо
еͺһڵѸתǿֲѹ
ڣ˵ͷ֮ϵΪԸɵ
΢΢̾˿֪Ӳˣļֵҩ֮УһƿƷϽ׵ǬԪ𵤣Ǵϼ鵤ʹ֮ҲԲൽȥ
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аЦ֮ԶȱЩˡ
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ڶѻ֮еǬԪ˵ҲǧƿȻĲҲΪ˼ƿǬԪ𵤾˽ǡ
Ҳѹ˵ţʹ֮ƷϽ׵ҩҲ޵ģʹ鼶ǿҲܴƷϽ׵ҩڰƷҩҲֻõʱпܵõһ
ͻôǬԪһԼã֮еǼСһﶼСӣѾͻƵıԵЩǬԪһ붼ΪС׼ġ
СӵʵҪȹٲʲô⣬ؼӦ漴ıٳ١
ûкСǩԼԵʣԼʹͶȹ˱ٳСӻ޷֮ж
ǺǩԼǼͷ޺ͻԵǿԣǵʵʵǲһΡ
Ҳˣʣͷ޺ᣬҪǱץȥǿ֮ѪĻҲûпܡ
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˽֮Ѫʿǿջ֮Ҳòһۡ
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⼸ƿ֮϶һЩķģҲѧһСɡ
ƿȻӻҩҩԵʧǶһЩ߽׵ҩ˵ʧһҩԶǼΪϧģʿƿ֮ϿƣҩųɾϵҩԶ
һ꿴ƿϵƵʱĵ˵ͷϵΣʢŵҩƿ֮Ͼܿ롣
һУһƿҩС
ȷƷϽ׵ҩǬԪ𵤣ҩ֮ǿĻҪǿ֡˵ͷȻ͵ĵҩ⡣
ʲô۸񣿡Ͷꡣ
һöǬԪ𵤣һΣ˼һ֮󱨳һһʿ𾪵ļ۸
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ԣҪѪƬϹ˫ԤϣͬˣȴҲϹ˫һ⡣
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ҪıϹ˫ϵѪƬʵãϹ˫ڵ֮Ѫ
Ϲ˫⼸ƿǬԪһۣһƿǬԪ𵤣һöѪƬ
˲䣬۸ʮ
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ãģ͹һЦһֻʮƿɳֱϹ˫С
Ϲ˫ɫһ䣺ʲô˼
һ׳ôƿϹ˫ҲŲסˣжǬԪ𵤵ĻϵƬǹ˶δܸ۸
ѱᣬЩƿ֮װĽԪѪǬԪϵĻ̶ȵķǬԪ𵤵ҩЧѵġ͵Ц
ԪѪȻֻƷн׵ҩȴܹƳҲ֪˵ǬԪϵĻᷢӸҩЧ
棿Ϲ˫̲סʵ
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ã˫ŵѵΪˣֻϹ˫һָʳָ֮ϵĿռָ͵ϡ
ʶһɨͱȷռָ֮еѪƬǻʵаö
ģȻĵطҪŪѪƬ治һ׵飡͵һЦ
пյĻīǴʮ£֮±Ȼһϲͽһöռָ֮˵


690 Ʒҩ
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ųߵ㣬Ϲ˫֮еĵλȻͣ͸ܹõһЩѰֶŪĶЦ
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صԼ֮͵ͱչأԼ֮У¶֪ڸЩʲô
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ɹˣͺٺһЦһͷڵϡ
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㶼һЩʲôȻ֮󣡡½һöҩ͵֮ԹĿ͡
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Ҹ͵һЦ
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ſڴѾ½˽ʯȡһڹ˵С
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ѾˡȻûжӳɵֱߵС·
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ʯ£øĿ⿴Զϵ̨Ϊ档
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е֪ʿԻļɵ֮ģԴ˱֤˵أǻһ˼ġ
ͱӡĿһӺʿʯƺѾס߰˰ˡ
ٴ˫Ŀʱһ
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ˣȻе㵨ī֮ӷһЦ
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Ǳ츳ͨīڱ޼ǰ̧ͷ
һΣұҪЩ°ļīʵӷĽ£һӰڸߵ
¬ɪһҲϣκεһӰһ
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ţɫһ䣬ŵĿܡ
ڸոգļ֮ϴһĪĺ⡣
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691 ɻ
ôˣʲôԾ𣿡Ҳ͵쳣
ҡҡͷûʲôӦҵĴ
ͻȻԭ󿪵ţڷ֨Уˡ
ԭԵû谵ĴʱԽİ
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ֻʮɴСĸ̨ϣȻһƾոֶŰɫһһ߾ͳ̨ϡ
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һ˽׷״
ҩ״ʦȻǻڵΪȴѾһʦ
ҩҩƵҩ֮Ͽ˵Ƕ磬ûĸܹһܹҩ忹⡣
֮ʮʦ֮һҩˣ
ʱһ£º͵ˣϷˣλѶʶĳʵ±ԣӦóֳϵģᣬмӦļԼҲȤʶִ˽ġλѣʲôɣ
״ʦ˵ЦˣλʦִᣬҵȻ֮أ
״ʦļмٵġҵȿɸļֵġ

߻䣬ʹдֺõͬ
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ÿһнᵤΪͤͤŸһСһĽС
ǰȴӸֳƷҩ￪ʼǸϡϹرѹƷĵһƷǿɴ߽ʿΪƷϽסڵƿƷʯʮÿμӼۣ򡣡ʵ˵Ȼһ֡
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Ҳѹ֣ĹԽѺ۸ԽǸߣ󲿷ʿԳָõЩۺ֮ĿתƷʱʵʵЩԼõĶʡô˴һˡ
Ϊĵҩ֮вټⵤҩǰʯʦģȻǷǷ
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ɻں鼶ǿҲ㣬ܹһɻٵѾˡ
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ܹ˶޼嶼ĵĶʲô
䣡Ȼ䣬¹ʯͻȻϨһƬڰ֮У


692 
¹ʯϨ˲䣬Ǵ̹ǵĺһγ֣ϴһ㣬ת˲š
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׻һƺҲϹ˫һذףһذײǴ̣Ϊ˷ͻ״Ϲ˫ûаһذ׷Žﱦ֮Уʼնذ֮ϡ
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ָ֮ϱӵ޿ɱĹᴩʹָĲͬᴩҲдС
ָ֮ʱᴩСϾǽָ֮ϣҲ԰ȫһС
ָĵݼᴩ𽥼ǿǶָĸҲԽԽ󣬼ʹǾǿұҲʱصʹһ֣
ӥչֳı壬һͷޱȾ޴ɫӥ˫֮һֲķֱӽʯʯпͳûһֹᴩ˺ʯ˵࣬Žһͷ徳Բĺʯնɱ
ǿһʲôˣӥҲԼĵļ⻹һλɱ徳Բĺʯˣ̺ʲôҲڴ
ӥȴûǣһγĲ͡
ͺʯ˲һ𣬸㹻ʱ۷ϵͲ۳пʯʯ׵ķУ
ǿӥҲЩȵģȻʿǿ֮ҪɵʿǿϺܹܶ࣬Ѫ֮Ӳʯ˵߻൱ټġ
һսϳ˼֮Ⲣûʲôص˿ڣʵ̫ǿˣ
Ȼӥ߳һС磬͵ʱȴҲûʲôܹսʤ
ȻһǱ޵壡ӥа̾˿
֮˵͵һ֮࣬ЩһӵԪӤʵһǻǺ徳ʵȣʵ̫Сˡ
ĿԼߣҲǼ죬֮еʣѾ֮жĴˣ
һ㽫ʯ˵ĸˣ
һһŽӲӵֻдĴָСĽɫʯͷ˵ǰ
׽һľȻ׽𣡡ӥ¶һ˿ϲɫ
Ҳޱȵľϲ׽ҲǴô
˵һĴָС׽ܶһһӦƷɾɼ׽̶ȡ
ΪҪǣһ׽ҲǴô
Լľ׻ʽϵܹڱһ׽Ļ׻ʽ׵ܹɣ
ӥҲ͵˼׽ԼûʲôôϾǷϵͨ׽ôԶԶĴ
һ׽͸ҰɣԸ۹򣡡ͿӥһЦ
һͷʯ˱Ͼ˺նɱģһ˶Ҳ˵ȥ
ӥ˵ͷҲõİ취
΢һᣬĴ飬һƿҩȡ˳
Ʒҩ絤ܹ֮ٶȡ͵һЦ
Ʒӥ۾һͻӥҲٻõƷҩ
ȲĽƿڴ򿪣һɷϢ˲
ƷȻǰƷƿ֮һŵҩӥ̲סЦ
ƿ֮нǷһż絤Ѿ㹻ˣ
ƷҩɲǾЩͨĵҩһƿüţȻδҲ̫һ㣡
Ʒҩ絤ԼҲùԼûзϵ⼲絤ЧҲ൱ޣʮ֮ûκЧˡ
ӥǷϵģƷ絤ʺϡ
һöƷҩȻ׽һ࣬˵ӥռһˣӥҲûж˵ʲôֱӽƷ絤˴֮С
һκͺӥ֮Ҳǽĺϵ
֣㲻𣿡նɱôʯӥҲע⵽ͲûʲôÿһζԼս
ҲʲôʺϵģԾͲˡ͵һЦ
ʥȻѾܹʹ÷ˣǸȴǻѡһЩʵؼӲĲ϶
߿ǿҲԼãϾǽսԶ͵ķʺǡ
ӥ˵ͷ߼ʹûȻܹӳΪǿս
ǿĽâͿԶĽâ̲סһ
һ£Ȼһ޴ĺʯնΣ
Ӧ鼶ǿˣӥҲ֮ɫ
鼶ǿնһâεʿֵܹģ
âնεĺʯ˵ĵȼȻҲͣҲ֪ĺʯܹʲôı
ӥڷһʯ˵ľۼأаͷʯˣʵߵӦǺ徳ԲǶǿܹԸġ
ǶԷʵ̫ˣһͻͷʯԽͺӥѹ
ʯ˵̣۾һͻһʯ˵뾹ȻһͷСĺʯˡ
ֹһͷ㿴Աߣӥ֮Ҳһ˿ء
ͷͷʯ˵̣
·ˣٺһЦ
ʯ˵̶ǱʯܱģɽΧͷʯ˵̣һǧѷĻᣡ
ͷʯҲǰ裬ǸôҡڵɱȥĻǳԿ
һҲӥͷʯ˷·ڿһһ㡣
ʹʱҲ˼ţܹܿͷʯˣͷŪ֡
ӵ˵װͷʯ˵ټ򵥲ˡ
ؼܹͷʯˣ
Ͳӥһۣɽõİ취
ͿӥͬʱӥҲͣ˫˶Է˼
ӥЦһóٶȵ˵ȥնõѡˡ
ӥҲйǣȻ±⼸ɵ׷ϣȴͶͷʯ˵̣ʱˮһˡ
ż絤־ɷģ͵ͽƿƵӥǰ
ӥ˵ͷż絤ҲǴôʹΥŵԣʱҲѪ޹顣
ʹǺͷʯ˵ȣӥҲǸƷ絤
ʯȻ±ȴǺճ־ãܷȵһ춼˵أƷ絤ЧȴͼӰģ
ʹ󲿷ֵʯˣʣµҲԲ٣ܸ㶨ӥ̲סʵ
ģĳһеģЦЦ


700 
Ҫ֪ĿͷʯҲʲôܵ顣
οͻӵ֮У鼶ǿҲδܹЩֻһʶĺʯܹأ
ӥ˵ͷ֮д󲿷ʿԼֶΣʹԼҲмֶûǰչֳ
ôһоͿֵˣӥһЦ˫ۺ£һ޴ķֱ˺ʯˡ
¡⧲֮һͷʵĺʯ˾ͱնΣ
𣡡
𣡡ͷʯ˷ŭһֱӱӥڵĵص㣡
ӥһЦϽںʯ˵ʱʮ쫷˺ʯ˵͡
ӰӥһԷƿصмŵа
ӥôһͣٶͷʯ֮һٶͷˣĲ߰ʮͷˣ
Ϳļͷʯˣʼ⼸ͷʯ˾ûжȵķлǺ쫷磬ȫ嵲
⼸ͷʯ˵һͷͷŽɫӡǵʯ̣
⼸ͷʯ˵ƺػһͷͷнɫӡǵʯ̣ͷʯȻҲר˱ȴûмһͷɭϣ
һͷʯѵʲô⣿Ժ֮ͻȻôһͷ
һԳͷʯɽ֮оѾǺܲˣһ֧ʯȻǾסһطģǳ;澭
ʶ飬һһĿ˺ʯ롣
Ϊ´󼪵ʱǶͷŽɫӡǵʯ͵۾
ΧʯΧĺʯ˲ɧĿΧ
һ㶣ѵˣ
ܰҶ֮УЩʯܹң뵽
𣡡ͻȻ䣬ͷŽɫӡǵʯָָ෴ķ
ʣĺʯ˫һһĥ̴Сʯͷͬһ˹ȥ
ֶҲѾǼ߲ˣҲǺʯΨһԶֶˡ
Ҳǵһμ׳۵һĻǧĥ̴СʯͷڿкХ
еŵһɫӰͻȻЩʯǰһǰһɵķ
ಣ
â֮ⷨзɳʯ࣬Ƿ֮зɳĽâȴ࣬˲㽫ʯĸɸɾ
ʯ֮еĽʯˣöûмˣʿűʯΧĶͷнɫӡǵʯЦһ
ĺʯ˾ȻȫΧʯ̵Χͷʯ̷·Ǳһ㣡
ҹʿɫһؿǰһʮ
򽣾ʿһ֮жʱ˰â
ʲôͨҲ̲ס˳
֮ʩչ˰âǺεȵƣ
Ҳûͨҡҡͷ
ºͺˮ߱½粻֪꣬ʱԵ޴ͨˣ
â͵£
Ⱥ徳ǿߵĺʯת˲㱻ɱĸɸɾ
ʯ˺ʿ֮ĲѾܹˣ
ȻֻһͷʯˣͷʯҲ˷ѣʿһЦ
ʿУͷʯѾ֮ոյһκҲȫǱܿͷʯ̣
ûɵģҲ鼶ǿߣʩչ˿ֲĹģɻ
ͶԴҲǲӣǼܲ˿ֲһͨδҲ̫˰ɡ
ӵһͨĪ˵鼶𣬾սɽǿ߿ҲǴ´ˣ
ߣҪʯθδҲ̫˰ɣһȴһ˳ߵĶ棡
üͷһ壺ѲŻӻҪɣ
зݣʯڵĶҲҪһ룡ŻЦĿߡ
òͷˣüͷһ
ŻӵһЦߵ򽣾֮˭֪ʹǶɽڵǰҲƽཻҾŻҺأ
㻹ȻŻӹάȴûκεϲɫ
ɽ֮пɲֹҶˣʹǴڵǰҲϼλģġ򽣾ܹһǿ߽棬ԵסŻҲԾڴˣĻ˵Ҳ˽⡣
ʹǿ߽棬ôǿҲǴһ
Խ棬Խͻƣÿʵر
鼶ܹԿɽټѾǼΪˣǰ߾Ȼܹʹǿ߽棬ʹܻʤҲ㹻Ժˡ
ϧû᣿кâһһϢĳ˾Żӵ
Żɫһ䣬μٱ任
ûõģΪûзΧ𣿡ߵޱȵı䣡
ȴȻ䣬ռ䶼ķ󣬷סеĳ·
ߣɱңŻǲŹģŻӾ岻ѡ
Ż򽣾֮һССľŻ߲мЦһԥķ˷
ת˲䣬ضҫ۵Ľ⣬ŻĻᶼû˲ͱâᴩԪ񶼱âĸɸɾ
вߣֱǲ֪һЦ˵նɱһ鼶ǿ߲նɱһֻϰˡ
ŻԭΪ߹˼ɵľŻǾԲնɱģȴûϵ˺ҸûнŻ
СȻɱҾŻˣ޾֮Уһ͵۾
Щĳɫӣ϶ʦųһ˿
ȻԶڿɽǾͬǰһ㣬ߵǵնɱ˾Żӣ
ÿֲĽâÿһɷȫһа̾һ
˿ֲĽâͣĻ֮ϣҲǰŵùǺһֲסˣ
ʵ̫ˣʶ콣â֮ҲһЩʧ
ĴڣҲֻдڵǿ߲бʤİˡ
߻鼶𰡣ͻƳΪɽǿߵĻ֮Ҳûж˸˵ܹӮ˰ɣҲֻһඥĴڲˣ
󣬻ԹܽһȣͷŽɫӡǵʯ̷·𱻳ȥһ㣬̱˵ϣ
ͿЦһӥļƻˣʱʮҲҳȥʯ̣
ŶְȻ䣬߱Ŀռѡ
ѵĿռ߽üͷΪһ⣬˲뿪ѵĿռ䡣
ѵҿˣһ㶣һ֮;ȻһѵĽ
һ㶼Ҫ
зȻҾ͸߸磡һ췢СЦߵļϡ


701 СӶɽٵ׼
ƺʱȻһ˲ʧ
εĿ˿Լϵĺ췢С򣺡ϣʯд˵֮ǰɡ
򽣸ã췢Ц֣һӿյ֮ϵͷʯ˵̾ƾʧˣ
֮еҲֻˣһҪѪ޹ˣ
췢Сһߺ췢С˲ʧˡ
ȷ뿪֮ͲŴ֮˳ĿĴغͱصʬ壬Ҳֻεҡҡͷ
ߵǿѾǳ͵֪Χˣ
䣡ֳεһ˲䣬ͷһڣһֲֻĴѹ
鼶ĺʯˣͶʱ⣡
ȫʩչ֮Ҳδһͷ鼶ĺʯ˵Ķ֣ǱһƴʵĻһǧ嶼пܻᱻĳ⽴
ôҲ벻ͨԼλ鼶ĺʯˣ
˵鼶ĺʯڱȻһЩ˲õıĿǰʵ鼶ĺʯΪʵһ㣬ʯıûκεˣ
çţȭұ֮еԪȫתһͷаɴСçţһֻ޴ײȥ
䣡һͷçţײһֻ޴֮˲ɢǾ޴ҲƳһ˿ͣ٣һ˿˿Ŀ϶Ҳ뿪һֻ޴ƵĹΧˣ
½˸ͱʮ֮⣬һصĿһͷɽСĺʯˣ
࣬ǵʥӽʯ˵֮з˵ͳ
Ҳǵһʯ˵ԭΪЩʯԶ߱أڿƺҪһļ֮
鼶ĺʯ˿еʥȴһ֪
֪ĺһ
ȻѾ˹ͨǶԷȻͶ˵ʲô޴һģʯͬһ¡
ǰͷʯҲز鼶ĺʯһͷѾӣ
çţȭǧͷçţڿбڣ޴ıըڿɽϿջص
Ͷ鼶ĺʯҲޱȵļɵԼĿǰʵҪһͷ鼶ĺʯһƴ»һξ룡
Ҳսһһͷ˿ռ֮ͨС
ЩֻɵͲƿռͨģռͨȻܹһͷ鼶ĺʯˡ
𣡡鼶ĺʯͻȻһŭ𣬿ֲȻֱӴ˿ռ䣬ʧأһͷԳ˿ռͨ
ǿʶǿ󣬺пܾͱһˣ͵ɫҲǲÿ
ȻǲС֮κ壡Ͱ̾һ
ƽһȣ徹Ȼͣһƣת˲Ѿ鼶ĺʯ˲ˣ
飡ֻ޴ȭͷݺݵײһ𣬿ֲľֱӽһɽɣ
⣡һ˵ǿס壬һͷ鼶ĺʯȴһδˣ֮У
Ѫ֮͵ͺһ޴˲䱻һѪɫ۰
䣡һȭͺͺʯ˸һ
ѵأһȭ
䣡һͷ鼶ʯ˵ľ޴徹Ȼ˸գ
˿ֲǿ֮ҲǼΪģȴһССʥϣ
ʽһ˲ͨս
ھƵ֮£;ȻӲƾѪ֮͡ʽ֮Ĳƽ
ʲôѧ֮ǰû˵һ׵ֳֳꪵϸĻŸոյһȭ
ײ֮ʱȻһԼ֮䶼һ
֮кʱôһţһЩڰսʿ̲ס뵽
ǰչֳѪֻ֮ĺĵӲʩչʿӦİ͵ĺĵӣ
Ȼһͷ鼶ĺʯ˴ˣȴûκεϲԼʵ֡ʽǿսҲֻܹƽԼʯ֮Ĳ࣬Ҫսʤǲܵ飬οԼҲûκκһͷʯսɡ
ҽһ壺ѵأ
Ȼ䣬ɽ·ڲһ޴ĹͻȻ֣ɽֲˣոձʹɵĺʯ˻ûüվͱһ޴Ĺû
Ϳɲָһܽ鼶ĺʯɱ鼶ĺʯҲδ̫ˣҪĽʱˡ
ۣһھѪȫѪ֮УѪһ;ʧɽ֮С
ǻȻʲô߱˺ڹε̾˿
鼶ĺʯ˵ĿȻߣԼƫƫʱ֣ʯҲ϶ԼǼͷʯ˵̣ʯ˿еʥȴһӳûУҲ֪ʯһ廹ʥĴڡ
֨֨ͳ֮ͻȻСӵ
СôãͺСѵͨĵز
ʲôѾܹɽˣҲһ˿ϲɫ
С츳Сӵڰ֮ǰԽ׳ΪˣڱܳһĴڣҲС׶ɽ١
СӸԼȻǶɽ֮һİգ
ɽ֮жɽٿɲһ׵飬ɽӣһЩĻʿпܻƻʱɾ͡
СԼظһζɽҲ
һСӵıٳٿ˽ˣʱٳٵȻǱͻҪǿ󣬶ԴҲһЩǡ
ãһЩ׼һ֮ұɽ٣˵
֨֨Сĵ˵ͷûûεĺֻһ
ҲΪĽĿСһۣܹСһѵĻҲٵĶ࣡
ͱ㽫ʮֻȳһֻгȫ˳ȥһɽͷ֮ϵȫһЩǿֱնɱˣͿɲϣСӶɽٵĹؼʱһЩӰ˵Ķˡ
ͱ㽫֮вĿȫȡ˳һЩ𻵵Ķ޲һܵ˵Ҳǧ࣬ȻʵߵҲֻԪӤ𣬵ʱȴѾ㹻ˣ
ڷ֮ǰ׷̹󷨡ͺٺһЦһ챻ɽͷΧ
Ϊһ󣬽ʿʧкҴת
ͷһ׻ʽֻһ˱û˾֮С
ɽͷ֮ͻؽƣ
Ȼ֪ЩƺͷСҪԵٵÿ˵΢΢ͻǲܶһǶһ㣡
һ֮ҲŵԣСӴ֮з˳
СӹϵȽϺõѰС͵ļ֮ϣǵǣ


702 ԽƵս
СһΪβбٳҲǰ˼⣬Ҳֻǲȥ롣
ʱСȫϾ״һСڼ֮ϣûûεĽŴ֮дƺһ㶼١
һκϴһȻͬʱ£ٵһ𣬿ɲһһڶô򵥡
ʹͶСųֵģܹ֮ȹʵ̫̫ˣܹȹҲһ󲿷ֵڡ
ˣͻȻһ𣬸ոջȻ㱻һڸǣ
ô£
˶ɽ٣
ɽ֮еʿ̲ס̧ͷͻȻڵգ
С۾һУеһ˷ܵĴ˴֣ѾǵȵĲͷˣ
¡һƬ޴֮УһʵĽͻȻֳ
ٳ٣̲סһ
ٳٲΪΣյĴڣҴ˴αٳٺһѾںһʢ
СӲҪ⣬Ųסͻ飡ʹ
СЦĵ˵ͷһӸûаϣ
ҲֻεҡҡͷСӵˣ
¡һ¡
СҲƤЦһУϾɫֱӭһס
Ͼͬˮһ㣬ں׽Ӵ˲侹Ȼһ˿ơ
һ漴㱻СӵˣûκεϢ
СӡͿСɵĵµһҲһ
Ҳ֪Сʲôʱѧֱ£
ΪϹޣϾԳɲô򵥵ģµһЦ
¡
¡
һʮ£СӶѡԼȥӲÿһӲ׵ĲλһСȻҪ̶ȵԼ壡
СҲд󶨣ǲӦð巨ƽڸСӡ
츳⡶ƽĻСӵķﵽֲֿĲΣһͶ޷
ڡˣһ⡶Ѿ׽ˣټһСӵĻҪҵʱӼˣ
Ҳ⼸ײǸոտʼˣĿ黹ں棬вıٳٻûг֣ʮ֮СϵϹѾʼʵʣСӵıѾһͷ޴Ӱ
Ҫͻˣһ㶣
δ룬СӾȻҪͻˡ
¡һ׵£СӲѡӲһȭϹ죬ֱӽһ׸ˣ
䣡СӳȭԽԽ죬ÿһ¶Сӵȫ飡
̫ˣСӶɽʵ̫ˣ⻹ʿΪ֮ɥ٣
ϵʿڶɽ֮ʱҲһЩʿԶɽޱȵļɵ
һЩԶԶСӶɽٵʿЩԼ۾ɽٵôһ׵
䣡ȻСӵһϾ״֮ϾȻһ˿ڣ
ٳٳˣ͵ʱ
ǰʮٶû˵СӷֺǵһٳپѾСӵ˺һӣ
һ⣬ܿ죬Һܷ
ӦǽԵģ°̾˿
ǻԱٳӦıǻ
ϾԳǽԵϹޣôٳٶӦıȻǽ
֮ǿǹǿ
ԵıٳƺѾͶСЩƣ
СǿıһͿֲٳ֮ΪķûзӳԤá
𣡡Сӵͺһڼ֮ϵֱȥ
һ죬СӺ˰벽Ǳٳ֮зĽҲӲĴɢˣ
СЦһǵһ޴
С϶ϲǾѪ֮ټʵĳɳСѾܹһˣ
ȻһֱڹעСӣǶΧȴûκεķɣ
һεʿһ㶣ˣܣͨǾԲܱģ
һʿĴңûй˼͵ľ棬һһĳɽͷ
һʿ˿֪ڽ˾֮һһ͵ƿ֮У
֮лһЩܹͨĸ֪Ȼǰˣ
ȻȰ棬Ҳָֻ֣ܺһûеһʿӦѾʮɫĳᴩ궼ֱӱ룬֮С
һͻǵġĺһ
Ǻ徳ڵʵ͸ˮ㣬ֻ˵һʿʵ̫֪ߵغˡ
ʵһʿΪóıˣҪնɱһ˻Ǻѵġ
ǹ־͹һʿԼ̫ţͻȻϮܵĻᶼûо͵Ľ£ټĴڣʹǶӲȥ
һһʿԻһɽͷѾǧǵʿ
֮д󲿷˶ֵģֻҪһ˴ͷЩҲɱУ
ΪԷһͻһɽͷΧ˽ϴ
Ǻ徳ʿϴʱٻһϢհڣ
εʿ˵һϢʱܶˡ
Ѿԭ֮һȡ˳ΪľԷһһЩԵֿǿĴڣõѡ
ʤܣԼĸΪԶ
ͣСӵֳһ˿ڣһֱпСұ۵Ѫ⣬ѾܹϾɫĹͷ
ѾǿģͷϾˣ̾һ䡣
ϾԳΪӲĲǱϾƤҲϾѪ⣬Ͼ֮ǣ
ļ޵ľ羹ȻܹͷϾֻ˵СӵĻʵ̫ˡ
ĵرҩĹע֮£СӱıϾԳĸҪʵ̫ˣ
䣡ٳ֮еĽ۳һڱֱ
ϣСӾеһ
޼᲻ݵıǰӦϣıֱӿСӵļ֮ϣ
𣡡СһҲСӵѪԣ˫Ķסɫı
ɫڽնϾƤϾѪ֮еܾѾĴˣӼӲϾ֮Ǳ޷նˣٱС˫ֵס޷ֺ
飡С˫͵˿Լ˫Ѿһڱп
һڽɫıȻСӲĸˣ
ɵúãʹϲ
¡Ǵʱһ£ֱӽСɽ֮У
Ҳ˫Ϊֲĵط
͵ҲᵽɤˣѾȥˣ׵ֻԽԽǿĵСӻᵲס
𣡡ͻȻɽըѣһͷ޴ԳﲻϴԼؿڣ֮еƺХţ·ս


703 ɴ
չֳԼı֮СӸη壬ÿһȭǾ춯أ֮еӲӲ
һЩԶ۵ʿ̾
𣡡СһХֲ˲串ǷԲʮ֮еƶеζ
һˣСİѵ
¡һװһɫ׵ͽɫһɢͶЩɫ䡣
Ѿļ޵СֵܹķˣʹǺ徳ǿ߶пһ֮¡
𣡡С˿˫һУʱϹ죡
¡һ̴СӵƣƲֱӳСӵȥ
СӣѾ˲ٵΣգһ˱׻ʽ˵ɷһ޴Ľֱն֮ϣ
ϣͽʱյʵȫʩչ֮Ҫһʲô⣡
漴ͱʶԼ˴
ң͹˲ôƷΧʲô
Сӣվ󣡡ɫصĿ֮еһۡ
ɽһ֮£ǿдĻƵķʹѾһף͵Ĵ룬СӺͽҪԵʮٱ֮ǰ٣
Сӣֱӽƴɢ͵ϣԲ£Ҳ֮أ
ֱӹҲǵһˣֻҪܹƻôһζɽҲ˳
Х£ҲٱαúСһСƽѪ֮ͬʱʩչĿǰΪֹܹʩչġʽ֮ΪǿһСХ£
ͲӴһ֮еͶʱ͵ұ۾ͬһһ㣬һգֱӹ˽ƣ
ƣˣ
ˣǷˣ
ɣ
˶ΪǱɣƱ·һʹƻǽ̺֮ĿֲѿҲܹܵ˵ģ
䣡СҲȫһȭɫĹâ͵֮ϣһɢɫâֱ˽֮С
飡һһѪ˳ȴһ˿Ц⣡
ѾСӵһɢˣǽűҪԽ֮ǿֲ
ұһ˦һɫֱӴ˽֮УϷĽ֮֮
ںڤľĸѾʲôʲôʹٵҲ
Ͼĸ֮оʩչľѾܹƱ͵Сˣ
ŽƵɢ֮һʹâСӰɽ֮ʱܵ˺һ̾СӵϵƸ·ûоͷһ㡣
Ѿ弶޵ķˣ˫ҲǽضСӡ
弶۷ˣºͣһЩΧ۵ʿҲĶСӡ
ļ۷һ·弶۷壬֮ҲǼΪġ
ǵСӵϢ弶۷֮һϼ⻹ûʧ
䣡СͻȻСָһֻӵĴС
ôܣΧ۵ʿЩš
ȹһ٣Ȼ磡
ͲӣԼƾѪ֮Ͻͻƣû뵽СӱݣֱͻƳΪޣ൱ں徳Ĵڣ
Ҳֻ˵Сڶɽ֮ǰĻʵ̫ˣҩĵҩڵЩʹ֮еĴۺҲδܹɵĶСȴԳԵ
Ͷɱ컯Ҳǳ˲°ٿţܹнĳɾҲ֮С
֮ǰٵҲԶԶļ޽弶֮ʱ٣
磡СЦĿ͡
˵ˣ͵˵ͷԴ˲ûиеʲôֵġ
СȻܻΪΣеģ֮ǰܿ˵ֻΪδˡ
ҲܻΪҲֻʱģֻҪСԺ󾳽ȥΪҲǳ顣
츳ֻӱҪˣ
ֻϲʱвӬͣ
üͷһĿǰӣ壿
ǺڷĺڷߣϵĺӽһЦ
鼶ǿߣСûûεĿһöں˵
֮С鷳ҲǸˣ
ǻǺǰ֨֨ǰлĻûʲô⣡
ԣټںĿڷΪСڿ
󣡱ڷߴŭ
鼶˲𰡣СҲǴŭľǱ˽һʱͿɴû˵
üͷڷƺҲ̫Դһ㣬СҲҲǺ徳磬ֻδػո̤ĺڷߡ
ڷ˵Ҳһͷͨܵõˣһ飬ͨз֮ϾͲԶˣ鼶֮Ϊ׵Ĵڡ
ڷߺ̯ȻҪСֱ
ģûԷСӲмƲƲ죬һϾ״ֱָӵȥ
ͣѪɽԿľȻ鼶ĺڷߡ
СӺǲмأ嶼ְӵˮƽ
ƽƽʹ巨Ҳ߲ȥС츳Ϲһȿ˵ǲԶˡ
ʹԷһ󾳽磬ͷ֮СӶԶڷߵģ
ڷߴŭºڷ磡
ڷǲɼ֮еۻ֮֮ڷ֮Ҳǿһںڷġ
ڷҸᱻڷ縯ʴ
һͷܣСӺٺһЦ˫ָһ㣬һϾɫĹֱӴڷߵͣ
ģ鼶ǿߣСӴһǷָ£ֶһϾ״׶ӣ
꣡һ׶ֱӹᴩ˺ڷߵԴһöȡ˳
ǲ˵㣬ǱȴĺöˣҲ֪߶߶˵Щʲôһʮʹӽһöʿۺ߼ȥ
鼶ĺڷ߾Ȼ׵ıСŰɱˣڷǳΪ֮Сʵ̫ǿˡ
磬ɣǺһС͵ļ֮ϡ
͵˵ͷаɣ
УҿǺģ鼶ҶµģСӻ˻ȭͷ
ڷ̫ˣѲΪ鼶ǿ߾ֻһˮƽûǸߣЦ
ǸҲ֣СһĽ̲סӣϾҲδܵס˶ֲĽâ
߰ɣȻûץʯ˵̣һκͻˣҲвˣЦ
һЩĻʿС֮ʱû뷨֮л˱ȺڷҪǿһЩҲұ֤ԼܹͺСӡ


704 
Сֻļ޵ʱѾӵ˺ͻ񼶱ǿ߶Կʵ󾳽磬ܹ鼶ǿ߶ԿҲ͵Ԥ֮С
־ֻܹڷʵ̫ùײСӵǹ֮ϣóΪСӵĥʯ
֣Ȼ㣡ǰϹһӥͻȻ͵ǰ
Ҳ̾һӰӥһģٶȹȻǷͬ죡
ɽ˴ĶȻҲǽӥ˹ӥҲֻԶԶĿţҿƷΧ벽
͵ӰЩϤҲȷֱɢȥӥŸҿ
ӥСӵʱжһ˿ɵո⿴޺СȴɵĽһ鼶ɱ·һ
֣һοҪʧˡͿЦҡҡͷ
ӥɫһ䣺ʲô˼
ͷʯ˵һͷûеõͽ͵
ӥϵϲɫʱʧĸɸɾһ˿ŭݡ
ͷʯжô޴ļֵ˵ûоûˣӥĵһӦҪͷʯ˵̡
ȻйǱϾʱж̣֮κǴһⶼпͺӥϾϵʧȥͷʯ־޴ʧ֮£ӥҲʲôϡ顣
ô¡ӥȻûеʣǰסĵŭƽľʵ
ˣͲûж˵⼸־˵һˡ
ߣӥֵ˲侹ȻҲЩ㶡
ߣǽǧһǿʿ龳Ϊɽڵǿߣ֮Ҳһˡ
ǶߵȴʼһգͻȻһʱ֮⣬֮иȻûκιߵϢ
ӵԼ鱨޾ϸ¼
ͣڵ鱨Ѿ¼ȴûбأͽ춯صĻǲߡ
˵ʹڵǿ߶֣Ȼܱܹʹǿ߽Ȿһʵ֤
ٳ֮⣬ûʲôʿҺͶɽڴǿ߶ֵġ
ӥŹֵĿһۣ߾Ȼƽ£Ϣǲһ㣡
ӥɲΪͻ߿⣬Ψһ˵ùȥĽҲֻһԡ
͵һЦں֮ߣûһ㱣ֶУ
ӥ˵ͷں֮ߵʿһǺġ
ֻ׼Խ룬ʯ̵ļҲԽ󡣡ӥʵ
ҡҡͷˣ˴ɽĿҲѾﵽˡ
͵ľܾӥҲһʧ
ʵѾټһʵֲСӣ鼶ĺʯҲδûһսܹ֮նɱһͷ鼶ĺʯˣջҲȲһͷʯ˵С϶١
ȻˣҲǿӥ˵ͷ͸֮һγſɽ
Ϊʲôܾˣһɽ֮кúأСӾ˾졣
ҡҡͷ鼶ĺʯ˵ʲôʥӵģɽ֮лһ䶯ǵʵԶԶܿȽϺã
Ȼûκε鱨ͱܵĸоɽб䶯Ҳǵܾӥĸԭ
ԼϢⲻϸÿһֶʮת˲Ѿ˿ɽıԵ
飡;Ҫ뿪ɽ˲䣬ص֮ͻȻһ˫֣εץס͵壡
һ˫֮ϴĿֲ·ҪӲһ㣡
ʯˣһұ֮Ԫһָ㽫һֹֻᴩ
ʹ֮£һ˫˿ͳûһ˫ֵƿأ
鼶ģһԼ΢΢ʳָɫеѿ
һֵǿᴩ޷̴һʯףһʯҲ鼶Ĵڣ
ߣʥӽص֮д˳Ƶŭ
ȻͰ̾һսһֱԽһͷʯˡ
ǻûеͷӦǰͻȻһʯǽʯǽ֮˸ɫĹâ
Сӣ͵ͺһ
˽⣡СЦĵ˵ͷϹʢ
䣡һʯǽȻСһȭˣ
Ͳ˿ͣ³һھѪʱѪڣΪһѪһͷ˿ľɭ֮У
һϵж˵ҲһϢ֮ˣ
գ̲֮סһ
һͷ鼶ĺʯ˻Ǳ͵ʱȴܸܵӿֲϢѡ
Щ鼶ĺʯ˾ȻϢڵص׵ģ
Щӵĺʯ˵˯Ǵʱõİ취ʵﵽ鼶֮Щʯ˶ѡ˯
ʯ˲費ҪǵʵӦߡ
һ鼸ĺʯǲֵģһȴǳ
ʯ˵֮еʥӱ°ߣɽ֮еĺʯ˶һܵ顣
Щ˯ڿɽص׵ǿʯҲʼѣ
ʯ˿˵Ϊõļ֮һˣô˭Ҳ֪ɽ֮˶ʵֲʯˣ
Ȼ֪Щʯ׼ʲôɽȻӭһ䣡
ͿӲĿɽʱɽͬ޵ľ޿һ㣬һеҽɽʿ
ͻصǵʱѾ֮ڼͨŲơ
ǰһΰĳУҲһĪĸп
Լ֮ûܵκε
һӮˣ䲿֮У⾵֮͵Ӱ̲סЦ
һʱ֮ǰĵǮҲص֮Уǡñôһʱ
첻ĺһȻһ㲻ģǿƽ̲סһ
ɽǸطʵ̫ΣգʥǰȥҲΣأο͡
ţϢʥ۾һ
뿪ȣϵϢǿѾʥǿˣ
ܣҲ͵ĸı䡣
ȥôһ㹦򣬾Ȼͻˣ
аһ䣡
Ͱϵʯ˾ǽʱִ춼̲ס࿴һۣʮͷʯ˾ǣһ˾Ȼʮͷʯ˾ǡ
һ徳ʿһһ㶼е֣ǵʵҲˣʵ⼸֮оȻնɱʮͷʯˡ
ĳɼѾԶԶǮƵͷ
ãɵĶ֮жҾһ棬ȥ˼֮࣡ĵ˵ͷ
лִϣ˿


705 
ͿԼ֮ϵСҲЦһ
ʮ塣֮еļҵˣʮԵ㡣
⻹쳤ϿԼףʹ͸ԼģʮԵ㶼С
֮ʯǸøĶͱԵˡ
Ե̣֮вһЩöĺö䲿ɲƹܵģҪ䲿ɲ֮жһЩΨһķʽԵˡ
ǰǮƵõһǺ񸫡һ켶нѧֵԵ㣬ǮƵļҵǸŪġ
ǾΪһʦԼٶԵǮƶһһסǺ񸫡
ȻԼҲǡǺ񸫡ʱѾѪģܽһѧ⴫ģʹҪڸԼĵҲУһ׾ˡ
֮жһѧɵͨʱ붼ѪģǸͲ
ѪľͬһεļʹκʿΥԼԡ
ʮԵ֮ʲô鶼ˣ
Ҳ̾˿ҲʱŪһԵˡ
Ȼ׼Ǿסһʱ䣬ôȻܰװ׷޴Դˡ
ǧԴԼ洳ҪḻĶҲҪ׵õĶࡣ
䲿֮ʱûʲôҪĶѧǿҲȲϼ䴫еġʽǿ󣬶巨Ѿţ֮Ѿ㹻ˡ
ɵĶһ֮׵Ľ
ɷȻһ˱׻ʽӦǿ֮ʱһЩ㡣
ͽƥĽ֮ҲʹҲδػȵԼɷ
˴;뿴ɲղ֮ǷԼĶĽͽ
ɲ䲿ֻ֮һ֮䲿֮гɲҲʲôֵ顣
Ͼɲ֮ҲĴڣѧҲͬã
ͿźΰɲЩȻ䲿ɱصϢͬɲֳĸƮݺͿ顣
ɲ֮ش
䲿һһڶСռ䡣
λ䲿ʦʲôҪʲôһŮ޹ʵ
͵˵
Ů޵˵ͷȡһö֮нɲ֮еĽ¼ڣм̵Ľܡ
֮ҡҡͷĽʵ̫ǳӦΪͨһ֣Ī˵֮׵Ľ󣬾⽣ٳ
Ȼڽ֮ϻʦҲСгɾͣЩ벻ķۣ
ʦֲ⣿ŮҲע⵽üͷ
͵˵ͷЩ̫ǳҪġ
Ů޵˵ͷʦҪֽ
Ҫ켶Ҫ֮׵Ľ󡣡ͽԼҪ˵˳
켶Ҫн󡭡Ů޲¶Ϊѵɫ
ǵؼĻ켶Ѿܹˡ
˵Ҳɲ֮д򹤵ģܽӴ˸߶˵Ĺ
Ů벻ͨǣһ䲿Ҫ⽣ã
ףⲻ䲿ĵһݵʿ͵ʱ̲ס˳
ĵӣɲ֮ʿĿͻȻۼ͵ϡ
ʹɲ֮еҲųȻĵλʵƾ˻ʵƺţ֮жԵÿ
Ϊ֮һᱻ˼סҲûʲôϡġ
ͿݵʿһۣȻ޷ʿΪ
ˣȻǷˣŮҲǲ˼Ŀǰһʿ
˵ȥڤ֮ôôͻˡһЩ֪˵ϸʿһ˽
˿һۣСһҪ
͵˵ͷɻĿŷˣ֪ڸЩʲô
һ׽Ҵӱڤ֮õģ÷ҪҲ켶һ֮׵Ľ󣡡ЦĿ͡
ڤ֮߶˼飬ⱱڤ֮ƺһذ
˸һ֮εʵҲǷͬСɰ
˵ⱱڤ֮дŴżÿ궼Ŵʿǰ
ɷһۣʵ
˺ٺһЦԣ
ǰĪϷˣ֪⽣Ҫ򣿡֮Ҳһ˿ŭ⡣
ٺ٣Сޣҷ֮Ҳͷƭ󱲣˺ٺһЦ
ʵȻģȴǳĺãͺԵǲ
ʮԵ㣡˵һЦδͷӦʧ˴֮С
һ켶ʮԵ㣬ò˵۸ʵ̫ˡ
ƺҲ֪û㹻Եһ㣬ûжͣ
䲿֮ͻΪʦĹϵ䲿ֹ֮ѧɲ֮ȴˣĵλܹӴҲǵؼڸΪǿ켶ǲܵõġ
ҾУԵҲܹ֧ġ
ͽϵļƿƷҩһһԵ֮뿪ɲ
ȻϵĵҩһԵҲǴ´࣬Ҳʵ̫
ѭ򽥽ҪʮԵҲʲô⡣
ڷϵһ׽Ҳе棬ӱڤ֮õĶҲȥ
ͻһ˵
Ԥϵǣ˾ȻǶɽ۷ǿߣ˵Լʦ֮ĹϵҲ˴αڤ֮һƺΪ˰ԼʦѰһҩ
ϧϧȴѲ𣬷Ȼһž䲿֮е쿴ǰһƤҲΪϧҡҡͷ
ͽ˫޶ߵ˵زЩϼһǿˡһڽӡ
ȷǲȴҲΪɵʹ֮ϽԴҲΪϧ
ܹרĻʱѾǿ˰ɣ
ô˵ƲƲ죺֪ɣһǾ֮㻹㣿
˵ͷһѰˣ
ѣһ弸λϲţҸ޷ٹֹ꣬ͻ죬ʱһȻȫ䱸ǳɹļʺСҡҡͷ
Ҫһһô򵥵ģǵǿҲ˵бȻİա
ֹעĲֻǣħҲˣˮδûʲôᣡǼᶨȻֹ־ڱصã
һǧܽϧˣ֮󣬾ԽսҲ⣡ĿǰƤʱ򣬵컹̲סĸ̾
⡶ǧܽһΪŲ㣬һƤֻ֮ǰܹ֮ǰȫĻ鼶ҲδĶˣ˵˵


706 
ҲҪСܹյʮԵ㡣쵭һЦ
жԵˣʮԵ㹻æϺһˡ
꣬ꡭ۾ƺ޾˱ڤ֮ϡ
ǰ꣡Ҳǳ̾˿ʿ˵Ҳֻһգ۵Ĺˡ
ҪõԵķʽкܶ࣬ʹɲ䲿֮йÿ궼мԵ㣬ټһЩĻҪ뼸ǧԵ㻹⣬ҪڶʱڴʮԵĻе㲻ʵˡ
ҲֻܽһЩ߻ر񣬱˵һ֮ɱʮͷޣһԵ㡣
Ҳ൱ں徳ʿʮͷҲʮ徳ǿߣҪɱɲһ򵥵顣
Ѱ˼飬־Ļرߣնɱʮͷ֮Щ޵ʬڵҲԻٵԵ㣬ԹٿԸʹԵ㡣
͸߻رӦıǸ߷գɲʲô˶ġ
ӵиӹ츳ͨڽ׳Ϊ֮󣬴һͷ޲ѣҪ뽫ɱĻȴѡ
ͽԼһֱӽ
ʮͷ޶ѣͻʲô⡣
ѾʥΪټϸոս׳ɹСӣ龳ǿ߶һս֮Ѿ͵ˡ
ºһϿ֮Уһ£һͷ޴ڹʱг롣
СӸ˷ܵһ·Сܣֱӽ̽һͷڹԴ֮Уһöĵȡ˳Ѫֱ֮ӽ
ޣѳԡСӵͽһöҧ˳
˷ѰɼֵǧԵأε˵
նɱļͷ޵СӵĶӣʧ˽һԵ㡣
СҲԽԽˣ޵Ѿе㿴ˡ
һͷڹʬ֮ͽۼȫɾ֮󣬴Ӵ֮ȡһʺɫݲ˵ϣ
ݶҲżջͺٺһЦһݵζʱŷƮ˳ȥ
ͻѡɽȾΪƫƧʲôţջһЩ·ĴЧʱһȥҸ߶ˡ
Χͻ˽ϴ󣬵ʯ֮նɱһͷʹԷƵĹޣ͵Ľ֮ҲҪ
СӶȴûʲô뷨öԶ˭ںֻŲܳԵĲأ
ǿϢӦƷޣһ
صζѵʲôĵرһɫӰϿϿա
ϹѪһ۱㿴ɫӰı塣
һݵζɢĸŨžѪҲ޷ֵ
ԽԽŨѪϵϲɫҲԽԽŨҲ˭뵽ʺĵط˱ҵĻԵˣ
ڽϿ֮ǰѪСĵ̽һϿȵȷûκε쳣֮ŴҡڵĽ
ǽƷޣǰ漸һͷ޴ˣаһ
ʹǽƻΣǽ͵֮У
Ѫ˳һ·ѰտڵϵһѪɫݵʱǰһñ
㲻ʲôҲʲôʿĵ꣬Ѫһʱ侹ȻûϳһѪɫݾݣֻΪʲôϧҩ
ϴ󣡡ʹһϿ֮ڵʱ͡
ѪڵҲ
ڴ˲䣬һɫĽХֱնѪͷ­֮ϡ
䣡ѪѣһϸСӰȻѪ֮˳
Ϲ֣ǻӲҵģЦһһֻɫֱѪ
ӣɱԲŹģһѪɫС߷ĺ
Źңû˿ԥֱӽѪɫС飡
ϽϴɷͻȻϮ֮¼ʹƷҲû˿ĵֿ
Ѫ֮ǰڽʲô棬ƺһΪ
һ߿֮һӻһ
ߣʮˣɱıˣɱĺһ
ǣ棡ڰ֮һ˼ȥ
ӿ͵Ӱĺһɱĺ󱲣ұضȫʬ
Ѫնɱ֮ҲʮͷޣҲʱˣ
ಣһȷ˱ǶŻζ̲ס
žһֻצֱ͵ؿڡ
⣡һս׻ûܵʲôʵԵ˺ֻצϴľڵѪڲѣ
ŶܽһצҲмֱ£ѹɱһȫۼ֮еʿ¶Ρ
ʿעĿĿ¾һԱۼ׸ǵĳˣ
Ӧ֡뵽
һ㶼ӵг򣬵Ҳųͱӽ֡
ҲΪ档
Ļǿ죡ЦһԼոհǳɱôж
۷壬Цһ
Ըȴ㹻ˣһΣһֻɫצӺԤ׵ץ͵Դ
ոһ͵ϮѾ֪һףֱӹͷΪͷ­
Цһ߻ΪԼľһսأ
飡ɫצֱӴ͵ͷ­֮С
ߺٺһЦˣ
ܿϵЦʧĸɸɾԼצӾȻ޷ٴֺǲ͵Ƥˣ
ƺأ͵һЦ
߱ϾսһӾ˺͵ľ룡
ƽĴ֮͵޻Ҫǿ󣬼ʹӲߵһҲûκ⡣
߻е汾£һԳƺпռͨոһΰһ͵ϮͶԼĿռ֮
ڿռͨϵʹú;βȾͲԶˣβ£һͷߣ
֮еʿҲһصĿ͡
ɵʿĻ߻ռһˡ
ϾܹʩչռͨԸɵʿ˵һצһ
͵ĵǹ룬߶Ҫǿϼ֣߽͵Ϯûгɹڶθֱӱ͵צӶʹ
ǿ͸ߵĵһо
СӣһͷС߾ͽԸɣˮߺٺһЦ
͵˵ͷ㣡
ˮߵͻȻ͵ԣǿǿɣҪˣ
ͻȻһ֣ߵĵһӦܡ
һ;Ѿʤˣټһʵδ֪İ֣Ǳذɡ
߲ɵӣ֪Ƕֵ֮»ѡӲӲ


707 ǧܽ
Ǻˮ߻
Ȼ䣬һֲĵâֱ˺˿ռ䣬ˮֱӽߴ֮˳
˵ҵģˮ䣬ħֱնߵͷ­
˷ˣˮ߿һۡ
ʼ򣺡һ㲻˵Ҳģ
һᦶʱ͵ϣһɺðû˳ǧֻû߾޴֮С
ߵĻֱӱ֮У
ˮ߽ߵʬʿһöɫ
У־֣֮е屾ԴôСˮ߲мƲƲ졣
߰ɣҲǺǵģһߣһξͲ֪˭ˡͽߵʬ֮һ뿪һϿȡ
ܹô̵ʱ֮ھȷԼλòҽߴ͹ʵҲ鼶ߡ
ܹ֮ڵʵ಻ǿǻںЩᲢۡ
࣬Ҫ߿֮дŭ
һյĹȻʧȥǱ޵
ΪϹ֣սǿ㹻ʱȻܹΪһ
ߣյĻѪƿؿռ֮ڶ֮ʵҲŽǰġ
ˣˣǱ޵һյĹ֮ڶˣ
ĺ֮ߵʵѾϵȣ༸ǿҲǿޣԷܹ׵նɱߣ༸ȥҲӴȥ޻أ
Ҫ¼ȥԸһССĺ徳ʿ
ƺڿζԸ͡
ţǣɫ䡣
ͽɱ˳ߣϴͷеζζʹǸǧ涼ܹ׵ĸ֪
;Ȼ֮У֮Ǻ״̬˫ǻɱ¾Ⲣ֡
ͱʲôĻôͲܶˡ
ȻֹɱȴҲĿԼһҪ
ôŭ߿֮һЩδεڵϣҶ
ͶЩɵ֮ûʲôµˣѲɶԷɱ֮У
Ī˵һСС棬۶δ
ʮͷ޵ʬϽ֮͵ϵҲʮǼöСӳ˵ĻԵпٷһϾֵǮĶǵˡ
ջѾúܶʿΪ֮Ľˡ
֮кܶʿֻܿŴ׬ȡһЩԵ㣬ܹɱ׬ȡıϾֻ
Ҳֻʵʿ
ԼĶȫһԵ֮ϵԵѾﵽ֮ҲСʲˡ
ǾʮԵĿ껹һξ룡
Ӻ̶ܲ¾Ȼ׬Ե㣡䲿֮зЦ
ģСģԵ˵ŪȷŪ˵ҲǺܼ򵥡Ц
εǿߣһŪԵ㶼ʲô⡣
⡶ǧܽһǵӵˡҡҡͷһΪϧӡ
˰ɣֲ⡶ǧܽáЦ
ƲƲ죺òҲԸɲ֮оͨĵӣȴһ
⡶ǧܽȻֻһĽǼֵȴ켶֮£ʹ鼶ҲǴ´ġ
ǰ˵Ļ˵⡶ǧܽһΪ
ʮ֮侺׼ĸϣʵ
ˡЦЦ
ʹǷ˶ԵЩȣļӶǾ֮ǴӸд˵ĴҲ˻ʿأ˻ʾѧ
Ǵ˵μ侺Ȼܹѹķھ֮λȻ䲿֮
ǵȴûôӳսѡ̣ʵҲͳս
Ȼļӽʥ𣬵Ǻָո̤ʥĲͬǶʥǧ꣡
ͬʥ֮Ҳž޴Ĳָ࣬ոս׵ʥӵһжӲ
ǧδͻƲʲǿѹƲԼͻơ
ֻнι̣պһ˳
˵ɲǼ䲿֮Ҳʮ˲֮£һǵǸǮƾͲСôûжڵϣҡҡͷ
ЦЦǻʮʮܴ֮ﵽֵزδ֪
ˣĵֲҵģȥʲôġҡҡͷ
ڽļֽ֮˼񣬲Щı궼ûеһô˰ͲŴʮԵ㡣
ƺ׼ʮԵӣڸոմʮԵʱ򣬷˾ͳˣֱӰһƤӸͣ
ϵʮԵ˲ͱˣһŬ˲ˡ
Сӣúòһ׽Ǵ棡˵˵
صԼס֮ͲŽһƤ̿
֮иֹ¼ģһ׽СǧܽĹȴǼƤ֮ϡ
ƤǺ޻Ǻ޵ȴϲ
ƤȴǼΪͣʹ͵ľ޷˺һִƤ֮Ҳûκεĺۼ
ƤĺΣȱ𣬻һЩսĺۼӦǱٻٵġ
ܹƤٻٵĻȻʲôͨĻ棬пʮɷ֮еһ֣ʮ
ǧܽϵÿһֶ͸¶һϵĽ⣬Ϊ΢һĶпܱ֮ϵĽˡ
һʼǶԡǧܽǧǿͷܲ
νġǧܽһҪһǧͷΪϽ֮ϵĿؽ֮ǧָӵľԽ󣬷ӳ˵൱Ŀֲ
Ϊܿݵһ֮ڶʱ۾ͻĴʹУԴ·Ǳһ㡣
֪ԼΪδԵʣǿйۿпܻ˵Լ
ʹ⡶ǧܽҲô׵ģһǧͷͲôŪġ
ͬʱٿһǧͷҪʶпǺ徳ʿ֮Ҳûм˻ӵǿʶ
֮Ͳ¶һסǧܽ⽣ȻǲģȴûҺʺԼ
ڲ𲻲ģʱ͵Ŀ֮ڣǿģѾ㹻ˣԺڿôҲûʲôô
ҪǧܽҪн
һǧͷҲʲôеģ˵ֻҪǴһǧɣǿǵպһǧͷͬͬԴٿܸӵ˳ɽ֮Ҳǿ


708 
˵ͷʹʽ̤֮·ʱõıǾ׻ʽ֮͸ǿԽ׻ʽӵ¡
Ծ׻ʽǧܽĻ˵ٺʲˡ
һǧͷڱʿ˵һԽ⡣
Ƕ˵һǧ׻ʽҪķһʱ֮Ⲣûʲô⣬ΨһҪǵľʧķѵʱͲˡ
ǰһ˱׻ʽѾ飬͵Ĳһ׻ʽȻܹΪ鱦
⡶ǧ֮ܽһ˱׻ʽȻѾˣ
֮еķ񹻶࣬Ҫʱڴô񻹵治һ򵥵顣
ƾ׻ʽ֮Ѿᳵ·һҪƵʵ̫޴㻨ʱŽǧɡ
ҲֻͲˣټԶͬʿǿʶʹڶ̶̵֮˽ǧ
ǧڼͳ̶Ȼ֮Ȼǲ֮ǰһ˱ǧܽȴҲ㹻
ǧ׻ʽǺķͽʱ⣬ǰڵ׼ˡ
ڣͲſ߱⡶ǧܽʸˣ
ǧܽΪؼһϻǧܽƣҲֻлǧܽƵʿǧܽ
һƤ֮ϵķģԼ֮ϻǧܽơ
ǧܽƺľѨϵһ𣬳һĲʧ֮ǧһǧܽƵĻƳһ⣬ǧܽʱпܾͻܵ⽣ķɣϣ򵱳ɥ
ҲƤ֮һٶ⡶ǧܽҪעһ㡣
ܹһ׽ıȻһʵΪֲǿߣǿ߶ҪǿȻǧܽƵĻ൱ҪҲ˿и
ǧܽƵĻҪǧ׻ʽҪѣ;гһͶҪͷ
ǧܽķѵʶޱȵӴڼ֮󲻵òʱǧܽƵĻơ
⡶ǧܽѶȲǧͷǧܽƵĻƣʹ鼶ǿܹɹƳǧܽƵҲࡣ
͵ʶȻڵǿߣҪڶʱ֮ڻƳ⸴µǧܽƻǲܵġ
ĳҲʹһţǧܽƺҪ⡶ǧܽĽ֮뵽֮С
ûǧܽҲǿģٶȽ޷ܵĵز
һסǧܽʵ̫£ܲĻӳ²ڵ֮¡¸п˵
ڿɽ֮УֱնâǺεȵƣǶɽڵǿ߶Ҫâ
ܹ⡶ǧܽ㣬ȵ߲
ǧǻܲص㡣
һͿԴ߶ǧڶǧ򽣣Խ桶ǧܹܽٿصķɽҲԽ֮࣬ٿذɽʲô⡣
⡶ǧ֮ܽǰҲû˵𣿡Ϳʵ
û˵˿ֲĽ⽣ܱȻġҡҡͷ
˻õһסǧܽҲڤ֮ޱȵ˵ⱱڤ֮˷֮ǰĶ
ɣģǧ𻯳ɶֻһ˵ʹģΪɵʿҲûۼ𻯳ɵһ̡
ڤ֮֮Ϊ֮أȴǻԵĵطⱱڤ̫̫֮šϹǿķ鵤ҩҲЩʿǰ̡
ڱڤ֮ȴһްԣʹý뱱ڤ֮ʿ̫
֮һ
˵ڱڤ֮ײϢڣȻֻһ˵н뱱ڤ֮ʿвޣģ⴫˵֮еĴڣǾоġ
¹ƣеġǧܽпܾ̫ŻϹǿķ̫ǿߵĿԱȽϴ󣬱ϾϹžڻ̫Զǿķһ֮ӦûЩء
ϧǲģĻǡҲΪϧҡҡͷ
ҲֻЦЦⲢ̫̰ģκ˿һ׽֮󶼻ᷢĸпⲻ֪˺͵ֲεǿڿ⡶ǧܽȱ̲֮סҡͷ̾Ϣ
ƿۻָһԼĵʶһοʼǧܽơ
찡¿ͺʹķƿۣĸ̾
ɻ綼ǳȺסģǧɻͲܹģڻɹ֮ͽɻ䳲ͷ󶼱նɱһʿ˵׬ò
ܹ˺ˬķָĵʶʹҲһݳ޵顣
֮ԼϳɹĽǧܽƻƳ
û˵һ׻ʽֻ׻ʽƾտʼ˲٣ָմ˵ѪҺڽϿʼ
գ۹ǧܼųڽ棬Ѫ˸ܿƾȫ뽣С
ˡһ˿ϲɫ
֮ǰǧܽƻƵľ飬׻ʽ֮ϻԵü򵥵Ķˡ
ϥţһ
ˢˢˢˢˢˢ
ʱһ˱׻ʽ͵ΧתţǷȱЩʲôü
յ蹦
Χһ˱׻ʽȻһε̣ͺһ˱˴˳һ壬һ̣һ˱˴˵λƺǳ
ɣ󣡡һԱָһ˱ѭ
ǧܽһ㣬Ҫһǧɽɡ
ѡһ˱׻ʽΪ⡶ǧܽĵһһǧʮ׻ʽ

ֻһǧʮ׻ʽţǱ۾ٿţܿ죬Ը̺ǧܽΪһǧʮ׻ʽԳɺ⣬ͬʱεĽâѸٳͻۡ
һ²Ľâࡣ
ۣǰŵһâһâԼһǧʮ׻ʽڲתһģѾʱ䣬ľˡ
ܹܡ͵˵ͷ
ͬʱٿһǧɽʶ˵ȷһСĸѹȻһ˱׻ʽܹġ
쳣ǿ˵һǧɽĳܷΧ֮ڣ
ꡭͲ̾˿ͷβ⡶ǧܽķ˰ʱ⣬Ҳţһδɡ
Ϳ˸һִۣɾ֮ڵʱ֮ΧΧǧɽɫĿռ֮һһĲٿΧķɽ


709 
֮ڸ֮ɫĿռ֮Уǧ͵Ĳٿ֮±任ģȻѾ⡶ǧܽĵһɹˡ
˵ڸ֮Ѿȥ˰꣬粻һˣʱһٱһӣһ͸ͳֵʱϤ⡶ǧܽ
һǧɽһΪһ׻ʽڡ
ôͳ̲סʵ
ˣڶ㻹ǲ䷨ӦΪ̫͵ԵʣڶҪҽ׺徳֮пˡͶԴҲһ˿ź
µ˵ͷ⡶ǧܽߵҪһҲ֮еģϡǧܽ㲻ʵҲܹնɱ徳ʿ
ǧܽʵ̫ǿ󣬼ʹ˵һ㣬ҲӵԽսĿֲս
һأ;ͽ䲿һ
𣡡Ϥĳ͸ոսһʱһɽͺȻܾ޴͵ǰ
񻹼ǵãԼڽ䲿ʱֶξҲ¼һͱ
ҪܰҲҪ徳Ϊɵֻ֮лڵȴƾոɵġǧܽȫһͷնɱ
𣡡ܿһ޴ֱѹ˹
ָһһɫĳնڿвͣ任š
һģת˲֮бһǧʮ׻ʽ
һǧɽڿйɵתţ
Ŷôˣ쿴ͽǧܽһҲЩȡ
֮츳ڣɵ֮ϵֻ˵ͨˡ
Ҫǧܽɲʲô򵥵飬ʹɲ֮ôţǷ˶ûн⡶ǧܽڸǡ
һѾӦ˵죬һǧܽҪͣǷ˺ǧܽѡ
ҲԹǻǧܽƾͲһ׵飬ɲ֮ҲûмܹƳǧܽơ
βٿǧɽҪĵʶҲǼΪֲģʹ鼶ǿҲ޷ʱ䶯áǧܽٿǧɽԵС
˵⡶ǧܽżͺܸߣټ϶ս֮ʱʶľ޴ģٻʿѡһ׽
ǧܽǿǶһЩʿ˵⽣ӵһεıһɾͻΪʶήңץסյĻ˵Ǳɡ
Ǹһ˵⡶ǧܽҲҪаĥڣСʮ궼ѾˣԴҲЩȡ
첻֪ǣ֮Ѿ˰ĥڡ
⡶ǧܽʱҲ޷ʱٿأֻȫ߶Σ󶼻ΪʶģԴûġ
ǧεĳԣͲӦֲֿģԡǧܽĿҲշĵľ硣
ڼͻ˼ηʱ֮ԼٴǿԼѾ˶ɽٵľ磡һʿ˵ӵпȶɽʿ꣬ǼΪġ
𣡡һǧɽ·һ壬һǧɽһɫĽâһһۣ
ʯ֮䣬һɫĽâڰܻûзӦʱѾг롣
Ǿ޴м͵ëƤȻûж⽣â˿
ǲ¶һ˿Ц⣬֮ǰԼƵǱİܣʱҲԼնɱĶˡ
⡶ǧܽޱȣܹԼĽâʮǰٱǿ
ûСǧܽӳֵ֮£ȫһ̴ܹܣǾ޷ɣڰֵ֮¾ͽն룡
һϰɣнʮɽȻѣһЩͶʶĺ޴޾֮ѹ
һж࣬顶ǧܽʱ
𣡡
һ֮жҰ޵Ͱ
˴Ķ䲿֮еĳҲˣ
һ˶Կôޣ˷ˣ
һЩ䲿ӿһ֮еҲ겻ѡ
бǮƣէ֪䲿֮
ͱһʱЦǵһ֮󣬲֪һĿֲ
ʹѾˡǺ񸫡ͷ޵ʱͱ˳
ԵǶʮͷޣĽ⣬ƺΪ⻭塣
Щηηŭȴ޷ͷֺ֮зһǧɽͬͭǽһ㣬Щ޷Խ׳ذ벽
ǵЩâĽɱ֮£ʮͷ޾ֻʣͷҸˣҲڹӲдˡ
˭֪һεս͵ʤգһʮı¾ǮҲ޷
ôܣô֮ܽ죡Ǯ̲סֹһ콣⣬ǮƶһսʹǿֲĽâʱҲ׶༪١
ĵ˵ͷ⡶ǧܽҲһ˽⡣
һ֮侺Ҳû뵽
նɱ˶ʮͷ֮Ҳǳһ⡶ǧܽûʧ
߳һ֮ͱ㾶ֱǰ֮ΪеĽֵ
Ѿһƿɵڶʱ֮ڶʲôˣҲ˼˱ĵط
⻯Ѿָǻûѹ֮ǰҲ;׼֮вɹ衣
īǺڹģԴ֮϶˲ֹһΣ֮йĿҪī֮дöࡣ
ǧҩƷҩ鱦
һ·ܹ֮п̵ĴһЩ֮еĴֵĶҲǼΪ
ǧҩ֮˵㲻ǶģҲ㹻ϧ鱦һĸʤ
ֻܿ۲Ϳ֮ɢ鱦̾˿
ܹЩ֮е鱦ȫĻġܹȫһ顣
͵ֱˣЦ˵
ͷ˷ۣµĻ֮ˡ
ת˼֮Ҳ˴裬㹻װһˣ
Уô͵ļ۸ԲУڲԶһȺʿΧ֮£һλŮһ׳ࡣ
ģüͷһ塣
ɹһٶˣ춼ûг죬һƷʯѾǼˣ׳ִɤţʹŰɶ
Ŷɹһ
ɹ˵ģֹӷ֮󲢲ʲôΪȴƵĶϡ
ƽʱûʲôôƵʱһζɹƱһı仯ƺã
ɹһںһЩʵֲĺţʹһЩǿҲлܹõɹ


710 ɹ
˵磬ƺɹҲֻһңûг졣
δɹҲûʲôֵѹּ۸ᱻѹһƷʯ
һôˣֻһҲɹ˭֪һöɹٿһһƷɾģŮӺһ
Χ۵ʿɹһ뷨ֻһɹȥҲûʲôô
ʮ鼫Ʒʯ̸Ůӵ̬Ҳޱȵļá
ʮ鼫Ʒʯĸ߼ҲΧ۵ʿȴ˴Ĵ۽ǹһöûгɹǻûô
׳˼ûʮ鼫ƷʯʹǶʿ˵ҲһĿˡ
鼫ƷʯҰɡʹŮӡ
ŮɻĿһۣ飿
һöɹһ£ȷһƢζ
鼫Ʒʯҵĵߣ͵˵
ŮӿͣƺȨʧ
ɽŮ˵
պʲôҩң۸˵ͽһöʯһŮӡ
ŮӽŲһ٣ӹһöʯ֮΢˵ͷ
ټû뵽һļ޾Ȼƿͨ͵Ц
˵ǵһμɹڡ֮ҲһЩɹ֮ʱɢ鼶ǿ߶޷һͻþҲǺ˾һ㣬ɹҲɴ˶
ҲڶԼıɹΧȻһЩ֮ȻγɵĽƣʿͲܴԽЩơ
ҲųһЩͨʿƿһ֣ƿܹ⴩ֽƣ󷨣͵ժȡĵرΪʺϵͨ
ҪͨȫԵΪֹͶû˵һʿܹԼ뷨һͨġ
һųһոջεŮϣһҲЩ𾪡
ϧϱһֽƸˣıʲôҡҡͷ
ҪɹҪưɣ̲סʵ
ôܣʵǱҡҡͷֱӽһöɹӽ֮УͲȥܣһöɹܿͻѿ
һöδɹͶԵȷûʲôôеӵĻôʹˣͲŻ鼫Ʒʯһöδɹ
ܹ֮Ӵɹʿ٣Ҳʿ֪ɹֲ
Ƕ˵ֻҪ֪ɹӾڹ棬һ㹻ˣ֮֮ڵĺͻ
ţ;ɲĿǰİŮһۣŮӵıӰ;Ȼһʶĸо
Ůӡͳһ
ôˣѵʲôԣһ㶡
ǣֻǸоƺҡҡͷ
ֱϢ
ѩ濹ģӰͱغһʱͲǰһӰȻͱ˵ơ
Ҳǰһ˾ԲǱģɱ˷ѣ֮г˯
ѹ֮󣬶ҲǼǲǰˣ
ʶģ͸Ů޵
Ů޲ǻڵΪ͵Ϊ֣Ǻܼ򵥵顣
˪ӣСͽһʾˣٲظĻʵ˵ȥˡͻȻסŮӵȥ·
ɲϣüͷһ塣
ϼһķɲϲʸ񴩴ģϼһؿֻƣȻɲ֮еĵλôؿӵоƵִȣ˲֪١
ʹǵλٵµĳϣӵеȨҲҪͨʿ١
ڡͲмƲƲ졣
ⳤϵʵʵǲôɲ䲿֮һЩɫĵӶܰѹģ
ûȤͱһ㣬ŮӵҲޱȵı䣬·һ겻ĺ
ʶ̧٣Ϸĵӿ˱ĸ㲻һ½ʿ֣ɲһ
ǣ㲻һ¼½֣ӿĸ㻹ΪǱ಻ַӲɣվɲԵʿ
ʿû˳ۣ˭֪ȴ˵Ĳ
žûеʿЦ꣬ʿʱһķɣ
½ʿΣһ
ҡҡʿǾ
͵ε֮󣬼ʹûп⶯ԪҲ൱ĺˣһֱӰʿߵˣʿѪģһЩſϷ̬ʿҲ̾͵ֺݡ
ɲϵ涼ҽĵӴ˰˾ǲɲˣ
ͻͷŮӵݣٺͱа˳ƣ
ǺˣȻǶ䣡ɲһǵĹѹ͡
֮ж䣬ɴСпֱӱ˼ڰꡣ
Σȹ̺ܽĵ˵ɣһΣɲôˣƳڵϲϰһۡ
ڲԪӤڵΪֻ˵ʵ̫ã
ˣһҪʹݶһ˵λ͵ͷ
кâһһһŲؿڡ
㵱ΪҲɱ𣿡ɱ֣һʿؿھѾʼݣʱпܱͲȱ
ס֣һɲϴŭһɫĳֱӿ͵ĺġ
Ͳмĺһ鼶ΪʹõĻǷֻ˵ⳤϻʵǲô
飡ͿֽӰУһץסɫ䵶
һѱɫ䵶͵оȻΪһѾ֮УʣµĽһѷĩ
⡶ɫ⵹һа
ɲҲûϵͻ˵ǿԼķȻ˲ͱԷ󱬣
ҹһŽʿ߿
ɲ꣬߷ߵĿһۣʵȥ
лǰΧʹǸлĻ˪ӿ˵Ҳޱȵı䡣
Ų³ŮݵͶԴҲΪ⡣
½ʿĺֺͱĳ֮
½֮ʱ;˵ѩ濹һ˹Ǻһͷ˽˵£֮磬ŮӦѩ濹µĺˡֻǲ֪Ѿǵڼˡ
˴γְæһǿڱĵϣǸʵ̫Ƿ򣬳½ʿֱǰҲˣҲͳֽѵһ¡
ȻпܻᱻɲϵϣҲںһﳤϰˣʶĻĳϣǲʶʱҪ鷳ĻҲ⽫ϼһ죡
ûж˵ʲô͵˵ͷ֮뿪ˣһֻżҲûд˪ӳʲôϵ
һҲ֪½ʿ֮еĵλȷǲô
ʿս籾ʿҪǿôһͬʱҲ⵽籾ʿų⣡


711 ֥
ƣһ£һ֮ѾʬҰͷ޵ʬ˸ĿյشӡǧܽһС֮;һɱ
սԶõĥֶΣһʼĶʮͷޣһһӣƾ衶ǧܽѾܹһٶͷ弶ĺ
Ҳû˶͵ǰâɣźܴĲࡣ
ͷһ֮еһǧɽʱںһ𣬽һ׻ʽϥ֮ϣϿʼָոĵ
ݣԼݣǮƿһһ֮д£ҲǴΪ𾪡
ڷ֮ʱǮƾѾϰɱȴҲ㣬һ¶һ֮кͷɱ
͵ġǧܽһѾ˵ԲʹʱǧܽԵҲ̫⡣
Ҳ֪ɲ䲿֮жмˮܹ֮зһж͵档
Լʹڴ߶ǧܽʱҲǶ߳ɵ׻ʽ֮еаҲûжã
ǧܽǸ߲֮Ҳ㲻ʲôܣԼʹ֪֮мˮͻǺεʹˡǧܽǻǱһЩֶΣܱ֤Լİȫ
ɱ¾ڵɷǶ˲١ε̾˿
Լڷ֮ʱɱ¾̫أڵɷ鼶ʿҪصĶ࣡
ڷɷһѹãһֱûʲô֡
ȥҲʲô취һڵɷǶпܱɷӰ죬пܾͳΪһͷֻ֪ɱ¾Ĺˡ
һֺͶһ
֪ʲôתɷĹ뵽
Ȼ֪ɱ¾ֻڵɷȴòô
ɣͽ׻ʽڣһҪЩһӲӲ
桶͡ƽ嶥巨ǿȱͬȲεǿҪǿ̫ˣʹǺͺЩȻҲѷɫ١
ŶҪ𣿡Ҳ¡
˵ӣȻ˫ޣǵ컹Ǹܹ֮
䣡ʯԳһ˫ͬ޴˫ۺݺݵ͵˫֮ϡ
˫һצ˳ƽⴸʯԳֱס͵һʯԳ޴˲ڿգ
꣡͵β֪ʱڵ˿УһŲ£ʯԳȻѣ
ٶȣ޿ޣĵ˵ͷ֮Ҳ˿
һ˼ɵȻܹͬʱʵǲ
նɱ˼ͷ徳ĺ֮;Ҳûжˣ뿪һ
һ֮侺Ҳ֪侺ȴûж뷨
侺ɲ䲿֮ĴͳóһЩΪıΪͷԴȡһΡ
˵ûʲôıҲǲȥμһε侺ġ
侺һµʱ䣬¿Ա뿪ǣǸй䣬ѰССһҲѵõĳ͸͸
֨֨֨ѰС˷ܵɽ֮ϴԴͷСһ֮ж챻ﻵˡ
ǲԵĶ٣ǶöСһ˵춼ͬķ羰ʵ̫ζˣ
ѰҲûıԣһؾͿʼĴѰѰϵڶĻôû˭ϵһˣ
ͻȻ䣬Ѱ۾һһۣ
ҵöˣͺٺһЦĸѰ
㣬㣬ҸոտǷһöһŮ޲ϴߴš
㣬к޵ģһ׵ʿ˵
ʲôҲ鼶ǿߣʶ˵ǺһѵһţŮЦ˵
ԽǿѰָλãԽǾòԾ
ڿգѰɵɽϿգ
ֻһƬ޾ľ޴ɽɽɽ֮䡣
⿴쳣ĵطɫ޴ľУȻһƬտ쳣ڴĴȻһŸߴʮɵɫ޲ݣÿһƬҶƬ·޽ֱϣܱ쳣ļ̡
ڴ˾޲ݵ࣬һȻﻥš
һֻʮɳľ޴棬̣ͭǮСĺɫߵ㣬˶ͷ­֮ϣȻ·ɺֻѪֽǡ
һֻȴʮɵľˣĿһͷƷ翸һֻںľȥʱ˶һ
ھ֫棬ȻֳСһɫ飬һɭȻ⡣
۾˻ֻ棬ڶǰеͬʱĿȫм޲ȥ
һһ£ҲǾ޲ٴϸɨȥ
һ̡ݴ
Ƭ״ҶƬıУȻһ·Ѱɫ
ЩÿһŶȭͷСԲƺ͸Ҭ֭ɢһ˵㡣һɨЩڲȻÿжһС״ˣÿһӨ͸ΩΩФ֮
ЩСûκ󣬵ͨɢž֮ʹֻɨȥһ泩֮
֥Ҳһ
鼶ʿõϣܽһΣȥҲƾʮ֮ġﾹܷһ꣬ӻոճ첻ãҪõĻ컯ɾˡ۾Ҳ鼶ҩǺ壬һ鼶ʿԵԲɵġһᣬǱҩģǸ߽ʿ֮以ཻѡƻڵҩѪͲ˷ˡ
ҩЧôӻ飬ȻֻǿԽȽ׶ѣѾ֮ˡ
ʿǰ֥ȥ鼶ʿԷԻϲó񼶵ҩһȡҩġ
ϾĽȻ࣬һ˶ԻõҩȻϡ٣ÿһķֿɾҪһԵġ
Щҩһֻ죬ͻڶǿڣ޷ʱڵġ
֥ڳ֮ǰʲô󣬵ڼʱ֥Ũζκ˵޷ֵջ
㲻͵һЦ֥ǡ֮ûеҩһֲ֥֮ҲܹṩٵܿٳСĵط
֥ÿƵҩԶԶģʹһŮӵЦ
üͷһ壬ֹؼʱ̾Ȼǰ
漴һҲԣԼǿ֥죬Ҳԣ
֥ͱص֮ҪҲ֥ݰˣ֥ݻû֥


712 ޴
ʱһ֮Զ͵һ˹ȥ
ֻߴֳֻ߰ɳľ޲״޳棬ɫâֱ߼
ƲƵģ
üͷһ壬һ̽󣬾ɫ糣ˡ
Щ޳濴ſ£Ϣûжǿ˵ûжвһԵ¤ͬûЩӷŽУ׼һЩӷɽЩͽЩ޳ȫɱ
һһĻˡ
Щ޳аɾ룬þϿʱͻȻ΢һ£ƺʲôһŵ
ڶһֻ޳棬һ󣬾ʹڿʧˡ
Ⱥʱһңʣ༸ֻȫԭͬʱз˾ŭļ
Ǵ˾ȴ˿ЧûУһ̣һֻ޳˿ûеĲˡ
ĻҲдݡ
˫Ŀһ£ͫһ˿â
һֻ޳ʧһ˲䣬ޱǿʶ׽һЩѰʿ޷ֵ˲䡣
νʧȻǴһ͸ĳ࣬Բ˼鼫һ¶˾޳ĸȻһ¾·ľСֻǳ൯ٶʵڿ֮ţһ£һ־޳ƾʧĹо
תۼ䣬ʣļֻ޳ҲһһУȻ޼̾ſڵһˡ
ͳ޵Ŀ⣬Ȼһ˿Ȼˡ
һͷĺޣĹ㾪˵ġ۾ǴͷٵġЩ˵
һ߸ŮҲǿ⾫ʵһĻ
鼶ĴڰɣŮЦ˵ӦǱ֮ĲĺޱȽѲ֥Ͳֵù֮ǰȥŮԵʿ˵
ʿжޱ鼶Ҳ֥ʿﾹȻֻѣ
ʿںĿ̲סüͷ
⼸˵ʲôȻ֮󣡡а
ҲҲֻһͷĻҪõ֥ҪһЩֽţǺһͷŵľӦǾһ֮еİĿˣȻδ꣬ʵҲǷͬСɣһʿЦ
Ůɫƶ˵
ϻۣ˼ʿ˵ͷ
ϫ䣬ϰɣŮ˵
ǣʿӦ
һжƽ쳣һֱǰĹо
һٷȥˣȻ˿仯ûС
ޱ飬ҲʼͷԼȻڰ֥ĳ죬޽ԽԽֲ࣬Զ֮еǿ߷ֱȻⲻһᡣ
ʿѾã
ʱƺһֻצЩ̫ʶ΢̧һ£Ͼٴ¡
ɾڴצµһ˲䣬Ȼצ·һ漴һ˿ֱİĿ˶ȥ
Ȼ·氵Լצӷһһ㡣
ֿžްľһ漴ŭĿһֺǰӰһȻһƾͽǰЩ˿һȼ
ͬʱĿ˴·һģ쳣Ķһ漴һڴɫٶ֮죬˲͵޴ͷ­֮ǰ
˫Ŀһͷϵĳ˫ǹâһͬһ
䡱һһӴȻͬھɢʧ
׷һ춯صľ޺֫һԭſڵϵӴһվ
һţ¶ɭȻ
ϱŰ֮ɫһһںڴʱУâţȻһһգ
˶ͬʱ˭˲ëȻ
ڿмˣȴһϲס˺
ֻҪһ涯ǴȻü쳣ˡ
顱һһ죬һɫӰ֮צһâѿ
ӰһգһűĹŹֶһصĵ䵽˵ϡ
һݣϸŷһɫܡ
ֻǴ˿ܱǾֲһ¶Ĳ֣СѾԱѳһͭ
˿ڶֵһɲǼ䣬Ǳ©мǾֻᷢٵˡ
ĿȻǲߣҲΪ֮һ漴һתһ£˿
һھµһֻͬʱ߰˵߶
Щ߲֪Ǻһֺ󣬾ͽɸ߿и䣬ƺ޼᲻ݵӡ
Ļ͵һĿѡ
ΣգƺԶԤ֮⡣֥ϵԺ鼶ҩԴٴ˵ҲֻӲͷƤðһˡ
ϾֻҪ˴ҩӣͿ޴ġ
˼ţ־ˡ
зʾĺߺߺ󣬽ٴηŵ˼ͷ֮ϡ
޸˾һۣһٴſ˵ϡ
ֻӴٴλصǰĽϡ
ͷס·˿ӡ
ȻֻǼĹ򣬾ͷһöһȦȦƻӿиֱ֣·ľͷȥͬʱ׹һֻ׽̸긡֣һκ޴׺ˮĴӿпն¡
ͬʱһӰʮɸ߿ոֶǰŮ
ŮᵯǼá
Ӵ󣬵Ƕȴޱȣڿйֵһ˲䣬̵ͺһվͷϳֽǺһͻȻɳһƬϼһת£ͬʱס˻ɫ⻷׺硣
žᱳ̹ۡƿ죬һƬӲëΪâмȥͬʱ޴βԭһΣֻһƬӰȻʧˡ
һ̣ʮɳľβ֪ͣεһ³Ůһ࣬ݺݵһɨȥδɨȻˣһ½ŮС
˾治Ϊޡһܵķֱ籩Ϭޱȡ
Ҳǰľʵ鼶֮Ҳǿˣ
ŮֻǵһЦǿСֻ֣һ㣬޴ŮɣҲûܵʲôʵԵ˺
ǿ壡̲ס̾һ
ʹǻԱʵǿĺޣƾһָҲ޷ıŮö١
⼸˵ʲôһֱֹš
Ȼһ˲䣬һڣ޴ƽɽڸ
䣡޾ˮк£˲䣬һɽѾˮû
Լ֣ҲˮֱӶ֮Уʶ۲
࣡޴ĺӰͻȻ£ɽΪ֮һ
ϫ䣬ˣŮЦĿŵѾһƬɽ
Ϳ緢ʲô֮ɫҲˣ֤ԼһӶûмô㣡
ͼΪֲһĶֱ˰Ŀ˺ͱᡣ
һ𣿡һ


713 ħӡ
˾޴Ǻ;һҲǲˣ
ͿѾһƬɽ֮ͷ޴ͰĿ˻бš
⺣ˮ֮ȻͷƣʹĿ˺ͱ᲻Ƿ֮ǻǱѹţ֧穣¶
ںһǵĵ伮֮Ҳ˽⣬һΪǿ塣
һָĲĳһ壬ǶԱڤ֮֮ڶ޴һܳƣ
Щﶼһͬص㣬Ǳޱȵľ޴һǺҲ
ͳЩıڱڤ֮֮ϵλһ塣
һڱڤ֮ϽһޱǿĹȣеĺ඼һĺһڱڤ֮
Ǻһٻ½ݵ壡
ˣ˵
Ŀ˺ͱʵͷҪͷȴռ˵ǿнɽʺսĺһͰľ˸ͲܷӦеʵܱҲǱȻ顣
һŮҲ¶һ˿Цݣ֥ҵˣ
ʵŮݣ֥ûʲôôֻҪһ仰ڤ֮֮бдĵر͵С
һҪժȡ֥ҲΪ˺棡
໣
һĿȱնɱһͷҲһҧͷ­
һս˵ʱȴҲǼ֮ˡ
˿ٵĽսǿ߶ûüϵ
졭죬֥ߣŮ˷ܵ˵
Ů⻰ɫһ䣬֥ݱߵĻôһһУ
ţһΣֱӳ˰Ůǰֱӵľ벻һҰˣ
Ůһ㶣Щ˼Ŀ֮ͣľ뾹Ȼ֮ǰȻû˿Ĳ
£ε˻ڰŮ࣬Ŀ͡
ǰ˵ս֮ͶҲκεӡ
ĵرԣѺαضأ͵˵
һЩҩһ뿪ԭرѸٿή˭ıֲκεĵرġ
ʹһЩͨʿֵܹزǰŮȻû
ңϫֱӰˣŮһ
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ȻֻȴѾζţһͨʿѾȫѹ˳ϫ
ܣˣϫŭһ𣬹Ҫһϸ£
ȴûк˶ֵ˼Ϊһ֥ŵ֪ϸİŮ
飡ʱɽʯѣΧɶΪ˷棡
ֻϫֱİס֮У
𣡡ϫŭţҪ͵ƣȴ˿
ѣ²ûʲô⣬ֻҪһ֥ݶѣ֥¿ԲҪ͵˵
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һˮǱڤ֮֮кպˮ飬һѿ鼶ʿᱻ׵Ҳᱻ׵ԣֶݵĽӲ
ˮڱڤ֮֮мΪѵãͨʿҪõһŶǧѵġ
ǰʿûΪȴɽˮ֮в׵磬βðŮеȣ
ҲǰΪԼһ亹ֽ׵ˮ֮еַǵһμԼһЩֶεĻпһöˮ³Կ
ֲεĶԾ֮УǳһϢʱͣٶпܸԼ֣֮
Ҳһ˿ŭԼûʲôľٶһȴǶԼɱ֣Լе㱾£ˡ
ѲҪ̫ˣĺһ
Ҿ̫ˣôĪ˵һССʿʼ˱СҲҪġŮһ
ôĿЦһ
Ůһ֪ںʱһɫĳѾĲ֮ϡ
鼶ǿʵȻûü㿪
ұԸǽ񣬲δҲ̫Ŀˣһ
࣬ҪǸ˺ǵĹض֮ʧϫͳ
ңΪŴ𣿡ָһۣ׻ʽĽѾ˰ŮǰĲ֮ϣܹ̺Ѫ˳Ž
ŮҲǵһθоԼ֮ʱǹݻ޷
˾ˣҲζһжˡ־壬Ůһᵽ˿־Ǻζ
ָŮϵ˼£
Ůһڵƺʲôһ㣡
㡭㡭Ҹʲôڿ־壬Ů˲
ƣ鷳ĻұڵĽƣͬھ͵ޱȵı̺ɷһ̺ޱͷų
ǿֲɷ͵ıȻ۳һࡣ
ϫͳ俴һҲޱȵ𺳣⵽Ҫٵɱ¾ܹɷ۵ֵزںһ֮Ҳûж̶ֳȵɷ
һɱ˲գ۵ļһ˶͵ʶ
飡Ů屻׵м䡣
Ļͱ鷳һ֥ݰ֮;ͲӰ
ҪһҪŮʱֵܹί
Ҫ˽ƣʱ򡭡ϫֹ乫ִ󲻾ĻǾԲ˵ġ
Ůһڣʲôǽⲻ˵ģ
ϫͳǰһȷ֮ƺûʲôڲܽģڽⲻ˵ĽƣڵҲȻܹ⿪ڵѿɶվ۷ĴڣһССʿôǿĽ
ǸŮȥʲôư̲סʵ
ĸ֮еĽƣħӡ͵˵
Ů˵ķӡһ㶡
͵˵ͷҲӾĸ֮ݳһŽơ
Ҳ֪Ԥϵͻݻ֮Ϊھĸ֮бħӡݷʽʡʹĹ


714 侺
ħӡõϻͷһΣ
ĵʵһֱûʲô׼ȷĹƣȴһָоĵʵҪκһʿҪǿ
Ѫͳʹ֮ҲģΪѹȴϧԾΪ۽ӡ
ʹҲΪ˥ټڲĲϳƾ͵ʱԪӤΪͲƿ
ħӡȻҲʲôʿܹƽģһͻһĵġ
һεҲֻǿЦһ˭뵽İŮϹϵأ
һ֥֮Ҳûмй˼ˣԼϢ֮㷵֮С
ڼ仹˼ԭɱ˲ޣʵʹ鼶ҲܹնɱõõͽԼ֮еѨҲ
ҲԼҪȻұ۵ʮң
Ⲣ˵Լ۾ͱұǿ⡶ԽǵԽѨһΪݳ޵飬ڡԣʹҪ
ԴҲΣǻѰʿ˶¶ܹһСһ󾳽ˣȴҲǽһֱ۵Ѩȫˣ֮Ĳʵ̫ˡ
⡶һ޴ĿӣͶôŬлὫӸ
֮Ӧģ͵ջҲǼΪķ񣬽һֱ۵Ѩȫ֮Եߣ˫۵ȫ֮½һɽҲʲô⡣
侺𣿡ͿϿ޴̨һʧ
֮ǰȻҲ֮вμӹһЩǺǵ侺ȣֱǲͬն
յ̨úܶʿˣЩ̨ǱʿĪ̶ͨϿգ̨ΧǿķػЩǺǵĻǴһģǶɽڵǿҲƿ̨ķ
ÿһ侺ɲ䲿ĵӶ̨֮ƴಫҲ
ʮɲ䲿ʿ̨֮϶ΪľҪһ
һ侺ͷһ԰¡
϶飬˾޴ջȻĵԾԾˡ
Ͷ԰µûʲô뷨
Ȼλ֮еǿЩȴԸ̫
Լϵ̫࣬黹ǼĶһ¶ȴĿ׷ɱˣпܱȵΧ˾֮һ廹Ҫƴ
Ȼ棬ܹԼκ˵Ŀӣʵͷʵ̫ھͶұ֤ܹһʧ
ǳΪ֮һĵӣǰƣصпܱʿ
ͳΪʵӵĽȣ͸صʹ˵ܹʿ𻯳ɵ
ʦ𣡡ͳŵһ
ţɣһ侺Ϊʦܴ󣬽ΪʦҪ󣡡Ц
ٺ٣ŽҵӿҪǰʮģڵԱߵķɵЦ
ȻЦӵǺɵȴװûǿվڷԱǸһԺĺͯ
ݵĵۣмʮй֮޲
ʦĵСԺָָǸݵĺͯ
͵˵ͷСԺ֡
ŶڽңСԺãȻĿ͡
Թã˵ͷ
һλСԺȴûģɵ㶵ĿգҲ֪Ǳʲô
Իˣȵ̨ʱ֪ˡЦ
СԺܱ˿Ȼʲôʡ͵ĵƣ˶˵СԺнǰʮôСԺͱȻнǰʮ
Ҫμ侺ʿ֮нǰҲʲô򵥵飬Ҳ㾡ȫ
ʹǰһҲǷĺܣܹõ鱦ԼҲһΪˡ
֮湦취ʤö٣һЩԵʿһЩż֮еõ޴ͨ
Щʿƽ֮ԣ侺֮һˣһЩʵȨΪҲʲôܵ顣
֮еʿҪͶһ£ڸսǵʱһᣬ侺һᡣ
ͱһǧʮ̨֮ϣһ̨֮ˣܹһ֮ڼ̨ʧĻôԶΪ侺ǰһ
ޣԲһ򵥵ĹʿʵǶżΪϸҪı߻ϼ֣Ǿ޷ֵǧ׵Ľ
͵֪ԼһʱҲǵһЦһξֱӳһǧʮ̨֮ϡ
ɣ͵˵ֻ޴̨֮϶ʱͳپ߿ܣʵȻߣʤࡣ
䣡һ̨ʿǻڣֱӱپ߿̨ܺ
飡ʿڽ߿֮󣬾ͱ̨
ЩܵʵҲֻԪӤڣ͵Ŀ֮ȴԷӳȻʿʵʿҪЩռ˻һ򵥵飡
ӵ䲿֮ˣȻɵĿԵСЦ
ܹ޾С쵭һЦ
ǵ컹ͶЩҲסЩڵʿں徳ʿҪݻЩܲǷ֮ˡ
һ˲䣬һ̨֮ϵĿֲ¶֮˲仯Ϊһ̲ˮ
üͷһ壬һƣһƿ
ףֳֻ֮һʿ
徳ڣоһû뵽徳ʿǫ̂ˡ
Ϊɲ֮ʿڻ֮Ѿﵽ˳뻯ĵز
˵֮лıԪѾܹԼ滯ڻ滯ͬʱԽԼ˺͡
ں徳֮Уǲöǿߣһ²ܻôϳġ
֮͵ǻ޹ǡʥ𹦡ڻ֮ϵΪҲǲ
飡¶֮˿ڳ֮¡
䲿ӣȻɵַײмĺһ
䲿ɵܹ㣡Цһ
쿴Ͽ̨ϵ˵һЦû뵽ĳǫ̂ˣ
ͽΣˣ׻Եɺ֮ıԪͽҪѶȿɲһĴ󰡡Ц
ͽҲʡ͵ĵƣսǲܻġ쵭˵
˵˵ͷ͵ʵҲ˽⣬ʵɵʵ޿ޣʹڲáǧܽҪܳҲǷһֽŰˣ


715 ׳
棬֮ĻʮʮɷˣʮľҲѾʶˣֻصѹȷƽʿֵܹġ
Ľ۷ʱδȫɣжôֲͻ֪ܹ׵ɾģȻ
֮еĳ׵Ļ沢ûʲôģֻΪԵɺ֮˻ıԪʹԻڳ˵׺ܹݵĽԼ滯˺ʿ֮ðͷұμһε侺
Ǵ˲͵Ļռһ̨õĻ޳ɹҲпܡ
Ȼͣô;ްϣˣ
ͷ˦һöСĻƽƽĻ˿ʲôġ
ߣұȻ𣬲Цһ
ţ˻ıԪ֮ڲٿػܹ֮֮֮࿹
ֻһһֻֻڿ˻š
ܹٿص̶ֳȣò˵мֱ¡
ָһ㣬ֻ񸩳
һһöͨͨĻһֻƲĻ񣬹սʿΪǱذɣ
͵һЦһ䣬еһöһģת˲ǫ̈
ǳ꣡͵һЦ
ֻ˲ͱûЩͨĻײ̨ķ֮ϾȻ̨ûζѣ
ǿͨ
ͨͨȴû˵
Χ۵ʿ۷׷ףһǳȷǺܾޣһб㽫׵ѹȥ
ͣ㲻Ǳ쿴еĵӣΪһлܻ𣿡ͻȻ䣬̨֮ϵĻһ漴ۺϣ׵Ӱһγ͵ǰ
ǻ滯˰ɡ뵽
ܹԼɻ˺ȷ˲ͨҲѹܹôʿ֮ðͷˡ
Ȼ˵ֽԼ滯˺ı²ѶԸֻҪһĳܵ˺ܹܵķΧˣ
ɣŭһóıǳ־սһһĥ֡
飡ֱ㽫ӭļöɢһ˫ֱס˳׵Ĳӡ
飡׵һλΪ˻档
ȵľڣʹЦһ
׹⽹
˫̨һģɲǼ̨֮϶ֲ׵Щ綼Щ׵ĹΧ֮С
һ˲䣬׵岻֪ĶٴΣл˺ǶʱҲܳ˶˺
ͨ׵Ҳάֲסȫڵĳ׵̨֮ϣʣһսӮˣӮúƯ
ײһʼ徳ʿӶǰսȻÿһͶֻܽˣŶԽԽǿЩ̨֮ϼֵʱҲԽԽܵѹҲһһӣ
䣡һ䲿ǿߺһӲӲ֮˼ǻûе̨һ׹ֱӽһǿ߸ˡ
׳ɲ֮һЩ׵ʿ̲ס˳
׳Ƚ׵̲ڵ£ʶĿƱܳ棬ϵ֮ͨҲŵϺŵģҪʩչһȶҪãʿʱǺܹġ
Ͳ֪ʲôʱ̨֮ϲ׳ʥǿûκη¾ˣǿߵʵܹͱս
΢΢˿֮еǿƼոһǿʵѾǿڲʵͺҲͰ
似ڣһƬеʿ뵽⡣
ڶ̨ϣ˵ҲаʿĿĶţ̨ʿһһӲǵ۾
͵ϵһŶһ𣬱Ŀ֮СһһʿκκԿκ΢쳣ľٶһ̧֡һȣᱻע⵽
˶˵Ŀ֮¡ʲôʱ򣬰ѵͷȥˣʩȻûб
еĲսʿûκβ
һ߸û뵽ͻ䡣
ʲôʱµĵ
ߵڶ̨ϣ˫ǿӵ֧΢΢ʮֲĵ̧ͷʵûŪףܵĲġ
Ҹ׶ʱ򣡡
ͳĬһ£˵
׶
һૣԺУʯһ˲䡣
˫ĵأط׵磬ʱͲһε׳Ҳ˷
˫ĵصλãղ߹λá
˭Ҳû뵽;Ȼʱ򣬲ɫʩ˵׳׼ԸսߣƫƫͲλá
һʤˣһį˵
˵͵ϮĳɷڣҲǳս޷ԶһԴս֮зҩʹ֮ġ
͵һЦһ̨֮ϴССĵ׳ٶദ鲼̨ĸ䣬֮ʱơ
ڽǰ֮ǰʱ뽫Լʵ¶ܹȡɾ;ȡɺˡ
飡һ׳һʿС
գʵ̫ˣǫ֮̂ϲô׳ģ
սʿе㲻˼飬Ŀ֮Ū׳ǻпԭǰǰѾʮ˶βµģ
ⲻǶսʵĿ飬ǶǼĿ顣
һٶڸеսߣκ߹ĵطпܲ˵׳̨ս߶ҪķѼȥԼŵǷе׳һηηβʮɵʵҲֻܷӳˡ
Ӳ˼ǣƤ񣡡Ц
췭˷ۣƤٺҲû㱦Ӻ㿴ӣ̨֮˯࣡
û취̫ˡ˺ٺЦ
ȷСԺ̨ʼ̨ûϹսʿûС
˯ˡҲΪͷ۵ҡҡͷ
Լĵپ˰սСԺͷβ˯˺˵ĲȻһĴ󰡡
䣡һڵʿ׳У̨
һ׳еĵùΧ۵ʿ̲ס̾Ϣ
׳ϵʿѾһˣΧ۵ʿѾϰˡ
̨ϵʱԽµĵ׳ҲԽԽ࣬ԺսߵѹҲ͸ˡ
һȺֱӽ鲻Ϳˣһ̨֮ϵǮƿһһεĽսߴ̲ס
׳ǲֵһᣬԼӲӶ⡣
Щսʵ̫޴һֻűܿ׳ȴûһܹ뵽Щ׳
һȺǮƺ
϶͵̨ԼǺ񸫽̨


716 ֮ս
Ϳ̨֮ЩʿϹɫϲ¶һ˿Цݡ
侺֮սĶ֮Ϊģݶ˿Ϊ
֮ϻ㲻ʲôţƽӹݡ
ûİһӶֻһӹӹµµƽʿˡ
ƾŴĵرѾԼһأǺЩȵĻ֮Ĳ໹ĲһĴ
ȴ׾ٵĽЩʿԼĽ£ƶҪŵ׳ڴ󲿷ʿЩߵͨ赲˴սߡ
۾صСǧûʩչ
֮սСС֣Ĺؼ֮ľ֮ϣ쵭һЦ
֮սҪ֮ʿɸѡսЩ޳ɹ֮䡣
ܹסֻ̨Ƕ͵Ҫ֮ս֮ʱ͵ƾôԺľ֮ɻᴦ·硣
ʹ󲿷ֲμսʿȴܹԼĵƣϾǰսҲǷ֮
Ϳ̨֮һ㣬ÿһ㶼һ׳ټ̨֮㲻ǧһǺ徳ǿ˲Ҳᱻ̨
䣡һ׹⣬Ĺֱӽһʥǿߺ̨ϵƣͣĳ鴤
ʹѾˣʵ½Ƕһֵʵ׵ҲǲСˡ
ö֮ǰս͵ʿԽԽ١
ɲ䲿ĵ˵սĻֻһΣûбҪ˷͵ϡ
ûʿ֪͵̨֮ϲ˶ٵ׳Ҳûʿұ֤ԼܹȫֳֺܿõȻûжԸȥ
ǸԸҲԸ⽫󲿷ֵ֪ʲôʱֵĵ׳֮ϡ
ʧеãɡ޳ܡЩƺȫ͵ͷϡ
֪֮ҲǵȻһЦԴ˺⣬ܹסһ̨㹻ˣûбҪȥᡣ
һ̨֮ϣһƮƮɲһ£ֲĽâҪضпһ㣡
䡭ɲӶսʱûС
˸ɾĽһܣɲӵʵҲɼһ㡣
񣡡
ǻʦ֣
һЩսɲӸ۸ߺȻɲ֮źܴĺ
Ҳע⵽˸ոǾһ
֮нһȻ½һܹһ֮еš
ڸոյһ֮УᵽһּΪϵ⾳ǾǱϹʱڸΪϵ⾳
ɲ֮ҲǲԻа̾һ
ǿֲһʹڲԼĵƵҲûܹĽ
飡ͻȻԶ̨ͻȻһҡΣΧػƼҪ
󷨣ֻһɢԶϢľ̨룡
һۣΪý飬ٻԶʱ۵һ˿齵٣ֹ䲿֮ҲǼΪУ˵ЩĻܹΪۡ
һЩ䲻ţ侺̨֮չ¶âÿһ̨֮ʱ޿̶ڷս
Ǹ߰ģǾԲġ
飡һֻɫֱӡ͵֮ϡ
һֱӺ俪͵ķۣ¶ǷŽɫƤ
΢΢ŽƤ֮ϾȻһɫӡ
̨һαս߻У
СΧŲ֮һﵹЩ£͵ĺһһɫӡ˲㱻һɾ޴ɢû˿ĺۼ
͵ǿΪһԼʤȯգһ۶ƻûмܹվŵģʹˣ۶ƵҲʧȥж
һжûаʿ뷨УͿǿһۣʥΪ˵ʲô߾ǴȴһСΧŲľѧ̨֮ܿϲõİ׳һӡ͵ؿڡ
һǿΪԼʤȯգȴûϵ͵Ȼ˵Ŀֲ
һƾȻûиһ˿˺
۶䲿֮ҲһѧɾһɽҲᱻڻ
һǿȴͣǿ˼Ĺ̥
ǿѾԶԶľ磬ǿǿ֮϶δܹʤ͡
һǿСΧŲ֮Ѿ̶ܹȵı̨֮ܿϲĵ׳ˣ뷢Ҫõ׳һǿߺ̨һΪѵ顣
㻹һߣǿߺһ
˵䲿ӣ侺ʹõĻ϶ɵкܶ˶䲿
أ˲ҵġ͵һЦ֮и͸¶š
ߣԲѣֻһǿһΣһȵϢ˲
۶ƣһ֮ɢĿֲ¶ȺһƼֱǲͬն˸±˵ˣǿҲһʿ廯Ϊɻˡ
֪͵ޱǿ֮һǿҲ֣ʹԼ
ÿֲ¶ȣ˵۶ƾɿҲֻһ֮ңˣ
䲿֮һЩĵ˵ͷ侺ͬʱҲǹ۲Ϊʱ򣬷һЩ£ϲɵˡ
ߵʵѾ㹻Щϵķˡ
ϧˣҪǸСܣ쵱һ̥ĵӰһ䲿ҡҡͷ
飡Ͳܣ΢΢⣬ֱӺһֻɫײһ
˲䣬ߵͬһڵһ㼤ֱֲӰˣ
⻹𣿡ɲӣ䲿ӿ͵Ŀ֮жЩ𾪡
ԵոһƵĶƴԾԵֱӽһ߸ˣ
Ҳδػ˿ֲɣ䲿Ӿ̾һ
ߵȻҪɵʿǿϾ࣬Ȳ֮Щ츳壬һֱߣҲֻһЩΪɫ߲пܴһƿ
Щɶ꼶ĸǿ߰ڲʲô磬Ȼӵ˿ֲĪ˵ѹͬԽսҲˣ
ǱƳһ㱾ˣȻ̫ˣ˽оһã
ҡҡͷ̨սûʲôܹƳ汾ˡ
УӣҪôŵĻҾСԺսһ£˲мƲƲ졣
õıǵһǷӡ
棬ô˵ɫ˲䡣
Ͳ֪СԺʵΪ˵ĺѣ֪һǾǹＶġ
ٵ컹ûпʲôʿÿԺ˯ܽ׵ģٶ֮콫ųɾŵʿ˺档
СԺϳһʱĻڵΪ¶ѾܹԽˣ


717 ռ
ţţҲΪܹСԺ
ոյһײԾԵƻʤͬʱҲеս֤Լʵ
˫ޣͣ
ǿҲ޿ޣ־ͨڿҲֻЩпܻˣһ䲿Ӹ̾һ
չֳʵѾþ󲿷ֵսȴ
֮Ȼǵսߵǳ̨ĵ׳Ϳֲ֮£ЩսһյĹ򶼼ֲѾ̨ˣ
һ֮ͺĳΪһ֮һ
ͬʱҲζͨ侺ĵһ֣
ûҵͷЦ
ܹڶ֮е飬ӮҲǷֵֺܶģ͵ıõ⣬ӮƯӮĺ
ɲǼ䣬Ͽճһ㵭ɫĹĻһʿͳͳһ㵭ɫĹĻ֮ϡ
һı֣ǵĳϻὫһ
ע⵽ԼȻѾǧԺˣǰע⵽Ļһǧ
ȻζʿʵǿǴĳ̶ֳ֮˵һʿһ֮սʱı֡
󲢲ζʵСǰıȻޱǿʿ
׵һкĵʿһЩʿ˵˴̨ʼûһ˸̨սһֱ̨Ͼһ£
ܺãһ侺ӿֳ˲ٺ֮㣬˵սǿ󣡡һϵ
ǾϣͿ֮һȵߡ
֮һо֮£һ侺Ǿһֲٰġ
೤֮УϵȨܴ侺ڼ䣬ϵȨǱŴһʱ֮ûκܹƷϵľ
䣡ֻϵһ˦һռ֮ųϿգ
ΧС磬һЩܹͨƾԼʵͨЩͨҲɼЩС֮еԪƳɿռ֮ţպһС硣
ܹƿռ֮ŵҲǶɽڵǿߡ
ǺСĿռ֮ţ۾һͻ΢΢¶𺳵ɫ
û뵽һξȻǽС磡ǷҲһЩ㵡
侺¹ش󣬳˾֮⣬ʹҲ֪ڶֵıĿ
С簡̲ס̾˿ƺʲô
侺ڶ֣ɱޣȡǵ࣬ÿҪȡһٿź޵࣬ռԽ࣬ԽǰͻȻһöڲࡣ
֮ȻܱĻɼ޵Ǻεȵǿ
⣬ÿһź޵඼ԻȡһԵ㣡ϵ˵
һԵ㣬ʱʿǿ򾺼еһࡣ
һͼֵһԵ㣬ټϺϵĲϣɱһͷܹõĻرʵ̫ˣ
䣡ڶ־ע˵֮󣬾ϵһֲָͬһӿ˿ռ֮ŵڣ
Ϊһ꣬һ֮ûлĻΪ˵
һ֮άֿռ֮һ꣬붼룡
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⾺ϵʵǴﵽ˺ֵز΢΢̾˿˺С֮У

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У
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ûжκεԪǿŵһƾͽ⿰Ȼ񾳽Ļ޻ˣ
޻ʿ͵õһźڲﶪڵҲֱӸСӡ
ⶫȻЩͬǶͬһֶ
СҲޣֱӽԸԵģòֺ
һ˱˻ԣԹڵ̫ѳˣ
ռ֮дŴޣͼûǰһҪնɱޡ
䣡ֱһƽһͷʨԴĳƬ
ѾɱͷˣҪĺȴûм
ԶǼ籡źɫŨ̵ĻɽҲһЩƻ
صģռ֮ʵΪǿһ壬ĺҲпȺ徳ʿʵʵǿһĸǿԺ龳ʿ࿹⣡
Щ޶ϲµĵطɽЩ޵ľۼأ
ʹ֪ҲûжʿֱӴɽ
ռһʿʵǲ˫ȭѵ֣Ϣɽĺ޺ֹóóȻȥȴǵĽҲֻǳΪһȺ޵ʳ
ʿǵնɱһЩ䵥ĺޣҪȺӲӲ
ȴûֹǣԼӵ飬򲻹Ҳӵõ
ϴдѪڶԸ޵ʱ˵ռ˱ˡ
޵ֻǺӽ֮ĲڴѪη壬ܹӳһʵѾǾˡ
ռ֮еǰ̣ÿǰһξ붼ɱޡ
Ȼ侺޹أҲһЩϣԻȡԵģû˻ԼϵԵ̫ġ
ͣͽһͷ֮󣬽µͻȻѣһĨֱ͵Ŀڣ
ϣһһཻһķǵûд͵ĿڣΪ޴ĳˣ
ǳˣ͵̾һҽһ壬һȦ׵˲ȥԲɶŵɫ׵磡
кһʳָһ㣬һĨϽɫĽֱӴ͸
ص֮дһҽУ漴ûϢ


718 ལ
֪һ
ڽռ֮ʱ;֪ɱԱģȴû뵽֮죡
ں;֮ʱѾڵµһʿȴûеƣϣһʿܹе֪֮Լȥ
ʿȴᣬնɱ֮ͻȻϮ
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ںռ֮ɱ¾٣ռһʿ֮Уаǧ˳ȥѾǶˡ
ռ֮вЩޣһռͬΪʿࡣ
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ûʲôֻǾе֣ɽŲƺĳַӡ˵Լеɻ
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͵ΪҲֻܿôˣӡǺַӡʲôģͲö֪ˡ
СĵɣֻҪɱޣľͲҪκˡ͵˵
µ˵ͷܸоӡĹ죬Ȼǲͬȥðա
ԽǿǾɽ¶ȾԽǿֲͨʿǲֵĻпܾͱֲ¶ȸˣ
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ȫůĸоüҪˡ
𣡡ûеͽɽһͷ;޴һ˫Ȼ̩ͬɽѹһѹ
ޣͷһţǣϳǴеĿꡣ
ꡱ޾޴ıǿ֮ɫ
ڻɽ֮У޵ĺ֮䶼½˴ǣ
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͵ǰͻȻһɻ档
͵һЦһ㣬һ׵㽫һɻɢ
𣡡ɢʱ򣬺޾޴Ѿǽߣ
ͲŲæһĳ޾޴徹ȻͬߵķһɳԶ
ӵкѪƤ񰡣Զվĺޣ͵ĺһ
һͷ޵ʵǿֻк徳磬Ϳ˵ǰԵģ
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꣡ȲСһƴ˺޵Դ֮ϡ
Сӵ֮󣬾֮Ҳ˵ܹʤСӡ
СһУ޶ʱԽѡ
һ֮Сҵ˺޵ڵѪֱ֮ӽ
εҡҡͷʳָ֮۳һϽɫĽϽɫĽǰ޼Ӳۼ׾ֽͬһ޵ۼİ֮Ž޵˳
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һȻҲǺ;еһȴǲԶˡ
µȲһ꣬ٹһͻȫֹͣˣʱһǷˣǴȥҲԲõϵġ
϶ǺޣĻȴԶԶȲϾеһšüͷһ塣
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ҪԺ徳Ϊս龳ĺޣɲһ򵥵顣
תһ룬һʿǴʿ֮ӱģʹӵԽսҲΪ棡
ܹԸͷ龳ĺޣȻôȻҲܹ
ڶֵľ̫򵥵ĻҲ侺ĳˡ
֮ͱ㾶ֱŻɽȻҪɱ鼶ĺޣôȻҪڻɽزпˣ
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һͽͷ޴ѹ̧ͷ
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һһѹưͷ޵ʿǻ
ʦֵģལѾСɵľ磬ǿߵĿֲսǧʿ֮ϵģһʿ˵
ͣһͷޱȥͷ­
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ǽǿ߿ֲĵطˣܹս֮мٳɳ
ڽǿ˵ͰѵԶԶȲ֮䲫ɱÿ죡
ЩĶ΢΢̾˿
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ǽǿߵĿֲ֮ڽǿ˵һЦһն޿赲
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719 ߱Ҷ
޾ԣȻлɱͬвһڣôӶҲһЩΪǣ۸ֵ͵Ĵڡ
𣡡һɽ֮ϣһͷ޿һȵϢ˲㽫һ䲿ճ˽̿
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ֲ̫ˣʵֲ̫ˣ޵ʵͲܹģ
Χɱ˼ͷ徳ĺ֮ıɽ׼ɱ龳ĺޡ
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һʿﻹɱ޵˼ֻԼܹ޵ħצ
ܵ
һ˲䣬˫һģѾʿǰһţֱӽһʿ˽ȥʬ޴棡
ںռ֮Ҳżʣ
ʵǿʿɱ޾ͬвˣʵСľֻܳΪ޵ʳ
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˪ӣͿһŮ޵һЦ
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㲻ҪʶʱǿɲܹӵеģϹ˫һ
ѾǺԼںϣҪҪĻնɱˣȻġһЦ
ռ֮дһͷĺҲ㲻ʲôܣҲֻ֪һͷǳ˯ռ䣬ǱĴͨ߷ӡռ֮У
Ȼһ棬һȴûжԺϾɱ
ǺԵɺ֮µõ֮ǣҲΪ˻ʿӢ֮ȴûеõ֮ǣǱ㽫ӡһС֮С
ʿѯʺ֮ǵ䣬ҲӲĺܣ궼û³һ֡
ײĲᣬΪڸʲôϹ˫Цһ
һεɫҺ£ֱ۽֮У
ǡ߱ҶЩҰģȻֶŭ
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Ȼһ𣬵ǺǽԼһġ
ʿ߱ҶԸԼպܶԸ
ΪΪЩ඼ŭţ۽ҵķţ
Ϲ˫һЦ˵
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໣İռ䶼Ⱗ֮в
߱ҶȻ鴫һƷʹ಻Ϲ˫ٺһЦ


720 
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ںϹ˫ֻһЦɣеʱ䣬ҾͲ߱Ҷֶܼ֮á
Ϲ˫ıռ𵴣һ˶ʱʧռ֮Уֻ۽زͣĺ
Ȼռ֮йŹ֣ɫӵĿ˾ɽ۽һۡ
˾޴Ķζ޷ռһߣ
͸Ǹо˺ֲֿѹֱӡ۽ײĺһֲĴڡ
ʵ˲Ϣ֮ɽնɱԼٶĵҲ޷ֵס
˵֮кռ֮дһû뵽ģӰ۽ϿգɫӣҲ֪Щʲô
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壬ǲú۽ײĺ岻Ťţһö߱Ҷڲͣܣɵʹġ
߱Ҷ־֪һʲôˡ
һ˵ǾԲԸ⿴Ķʷ֮Ҳֹ߱Ҷֶһһķ˾޴Ĵ۲ųɹһö߱Ҷݻ١
ԴԺһ漰߱Ҷһ嶼ں֪߱Ҷֶˡ
˭뵽һϵ徹ȻִĶ
ڵһö߱ҶȻһƷǰƷһ˺ҲǼΪĿֲ
߱Ҷÿɱһͷͻǿһ֡
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ǰһܻɱޣͶʮһȭһŴ󿪴ϣֲɽûζѡ
飡ſֽ֮ɱ޵ٶּӿ˲٣̶һ£ϺѾǧˣ
˭ûз֣һ֮ڣ͵㼣Ѿ鲼һɽÿһ䡣
ˣӦÿˣ͵һЦ
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ɽΪӡĻʯҪⲿɲһ׵飬Ǵڲͼ򵥶ˣ͵һЦ
Ȼû˵ʲôܹϹ˫˵ļ֮УɫĽһ˵һ漣ˡ
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õԪ֮ͱѾˣһöʵ̫Ϳɲðա
ϸýˣֻпɵ֮ԽԽԶ
Ҫ翹𣿡Ϲ˫Ӱһγ۽Ͽա
һȣϢѾ˲٣Ȼ߱Ҷȥ˲ٵ


721 Ʒ
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Ͳ߲ݣϼ»пܽɽǽǼȭҲһЩɳˣͲ˼ɽĸ
ȴ͵ֶξԲôһ㣬ÿһȭͶὫһƽɫĻע뵽ɽ֮С
Խط׵İԵɽԳŲסġ͵һЦȻԽطǳġ
䣡䣬ռ֮ڴһȵϢ
ɹˣЦ
ôܣ
طף
ôܳ
һĽɫϹ˫˵֮һʿҲ޷ĵľ
ͲͬϹ˫һ۱ϳɫĻΪ
طףʮ֮УĽطףֻǻضڻ£
˱ô⣡Ϲ˫̰֮ɫ
ȻǺĽɫֻ֮һ˿Ľطס
Ⲣļֵܹһ˿ĽطװֶΣδûнȫĿܡ
ʮ𣬼ʹǿ壬ҲӵС
񲻽ˣһ˿ǰĽطףϹ˫˵ʲôҲ
ʱβɼһɫ֮еĽطѾϹ˫ȿǵˡ
ͽ۷ȣҲҪվ
֮вֹһ飬òһǻͨõ
ǽط׺ֻܿǰһһˣпһӶ޷ˣ
ߣ£˵ȸϹ˫ƲЩͼʿһۡ
˾޴ĶҪ˸ǲܵ飬ռ֮˵ǧ˴ڡ
ǿԮϹ˫ϣ
ʵ̫ˣȵǵǿ߷ֵĻǵʵԲܺһƽ۷ס
֮жĻ棬֮Ҳӡ
Ϲ˫뵽ˣߵʿҲ뵽ˣͬһʱ䣬ǧӺռ֮зɳ
ʲôطף
ռ֮оȻֻ棡
ԲЩһõ
һ˲䣬ԭ侺Ѿȫˣ飬ɽڵǿ߷׷׽˺ռ֮С
ǻǵ۾֮Ҳ͵ıһâطף
ɲǼ䣬һ;ȫһӰ˺ռ֮С
⻯⾺Ҳӵ⻯
ΪʼٸߣҲ˽ȥյĻ˵Ҫһʶһ֮Щźһ
һϵ侺ҲͣЩܹȡһ˿۷ףǲ²˭ܹ侺ͷһ
СǣסˣһֻɫͷѾʼ۽ˣ
סϹ˫˵ԼһֱӱһɫĻ
ո˵Ϲ˫ȻҪֱӽ۷շ
ǿ
δϹ˫ɫ֮бһ˿棬ֲĸ¾Ϲ˫ϵ۶ʼڻ
ֲ̫ˣϹ˫붼û룬һ˿
˳֮Ϲеľ֮ɫȻûȥ
ϵۺǿӲ鱦һ⣬ǿȻѾֲסǿֲޱȡ
˿ֲͿҲû뵽
ط֮аֵĺܣʹ֪һƻǱѰҲûжٵļɵ
һƽطû˷֮£ͷųʹط׻ûȫ죬Ϊ֮ʮ֮еĵλһ˿δĽطҲӵŻصȵľ֪ǿ˶ٱ
һɲǣѾ۽
ѹķӡȱһ֮Ѿ޷ӡסˣ
֮һۼ׿¶鱦ˣЩĺ󱲵Ĺķ޷ơ
Ǻڻһö߱ҶĻͻƷӡʼɱɱˣ
Ϲ˫һʱѹû˼ȥͻ˷ӡΣʵ󽵵ĺͲǼ֮ڳĶ֡


722 Ѫ
ռ֮л۵ʿҲԽԽ࣬һӵпռ֮ţʿ֮ҲԶԶ壡
ȷǽ۷ףȻֻ֮һ˿ĽطףǽСĻҲ൱Ŀֲ쿴ԶһĽɫ˵ͷ
ռ֮ǰҲΣû˵ﻹн۷׵ģҲûյķ״һĿԶĽɫ
Ԥһ壬ط׿˵־ڱصã˫֮ⲻһս
ͻȻ䣬ռһζһռͨͻأĳϿգ
ˣɫһ䣡
̫ˣǿ߶û뵽Ķ֮졣
һܹѸٵռ䣬ǿһռ֮ŵԵʡ
ʿٶҲлûпռֱ֮ӺռķȴǿΪֱӹܳһռͨ
ʿӿռ䣡
˫һĺܺã۷־ڱصãһͿ˵
ȵϢͼҲ̲סͷһĿ͸˾޴ѹ
Ӹ˵ĸоͬһֵյգȵϢ緢Ļɽй֮޲
Ҷƣĵ̾˿
죬һ˻ˮͱκˣ۷Ҷ־ڱصáƳ˵һۡ
ڳʿ֮УΪߵģǵλȴġ
˻ʵӣǺεȵ
һ̫ˣǵĶǶ죡
飡ֻϿһȵĻͻȻѿͻȻһȭס
˵֮䣬ҶƾȻѾˡ
˲ûг֣һεײҲѹײ
£Ҷһѹײƽɫ
쿴ԶҶƣôЩ겻ĻְԵ˼֣
ȴԭ̤ҶƹһЦ
ҽȥҶƿѾ˰ӵĺһһֻɫצֱӡͷ­֮ϣ
飡ʱըѣ
һҲ޷ֵӡ͸ѪʱҲһѵĺȻһ۽֮У
ҶƵʵԶϹ˫ܹ⣬һоش˺
ǣʶĻ˿ǺΪУҶưԵĿһʿ
һ˲䣬ռ֮ռͨ
ĵǿ죡Ҷĺһ
ط׳ϢȻڸǲסģҲ֮С
ҲΪ֪۷ײǣҲûмŶ֣
һ壡һռͨĿҶüͷһ壬һԻĲٿһ֮ϡ
Ҫ˵ĸԻ׺һϵڶ»ôʲô˸ϵӡ
Žǣмһռ֮ͨдĿֲ⣬Ҳ֪ռ֮ͨеĸˡ
ħ룡ұߵһħ룬ޱߵħǿһ۾ˡ
ôһṦССĺռ֮оѾ
һռĿⶼһ֮ϣ
ƿգһռ֮ͨоȻֻһ
ǡҲһ죡
֮쵭˵
ǿߣɱǧ֮ͬ̽ȡһ㡣
һ˸ǿֲֹǧ޾նܲٿһΪֱĪ⣡
ӦŽ֮ǼϹˣ֮ûмܹһز˿һʱҲޱȵļɵ
ɱһһһǿ˲Ϣ֮նɱʮԼͬǿߡ
û˸СǿߣǿĴʣ
֣һռ¶ȶʱ
ҶȵϢͬ¶Ȼֲȴһº͵ĸо
һ˽Ůӣ
ħһһ֣һΣյĸо
սƣüͷһ塣
ħһ־Ȼսƽռʱ֮ûκܹͨռͨ뿪ռ䣡
ҽռ۷׵ĶмˢӣҲû⣡
Ҷƿڳĸк޾ɫʵ̣ڳ֮ûܹʵѹʹǵĴǿҲУ
һŮӿһɫʱн˿ɫ֮ռıǷһ壬ɷУȴû˿ǰġ
ħʿû༸ôȣ۷̫ͣЩаʿʹշ۷Ҳûжôп˵Լ
ԼòζŲҪȡ
˭ҲԼϵı̫࣬ԼûãҲܷ˵õ
Ҳû뵽ԼľٶȻôķӦ
һǵ͹˽۷׵Ҳǰ̾˿
һ˿˶Ĵ˷Щ֪ԼӵһĽ۷׵ĻûԼ֮ˣ
ﶯİҡҡͷ
ħɴǽռҲûк·ˡ
ҶĿڳļһۣΪ𣿡
ҶѲΪԳư𣿲һĸӹˣһ֮һŮЦ
ӹ־ͬһһ㣬ڳʿһ
ϣ֣
ҶһȭֲĻϢ·Ҫڻһ㡣
ҷһǰ㻹ʸ񣡡ֻƵָһ㣬ֲĻʱʧĸɸɾ
Ƿһˣа
ҶƸոһȭ̺֮Ļֲޱȣʹǿ壬ǱһȭеĻǾʬ޴³
Ƿһͻǿֲޱȵ
ԼûжʲôЩһ·ͱһ㣬Ƿһ츳
ܹͷһڻ֮һϳ̵Ҳֻ֮еĻˡ
ŮˣҶƵͺһ˫һֱӱ˷
༸Ҳ˵ĿϷǴͬھһط׵ˡ
Ҳ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ͣҶƵȭͷ֮ͻȻðһ̣
ɷ𣡡ҶŤû뵽ᣬǼϲ͸ҽɷ𽻸
Ѫʮɷ֮ʮֱܹȼʿڵѪҺҲ֪Ͳ֪ѪԾͽ͸
ֱܹȼʿѪĻ棬ֹͻǵһ˵
ĻȻǷܹȵģ
ӴѪҺЦĿҶơ
Ѫ𲻽ܹȼѪҺһܴѪҺ֮мȡǿ
ѪҺѾ֮𣬾һһĴУѪԺǰʮĵɷ֮Ტˣ


723 ڤħ
һӵѪȻڳʿЩ𾪣𾪺ܿʧ֮䡣
ѪȻڵɷ֮е㲻һôĴУǻǹ̶ȶ˳Ľ
ǣ
ɷ֮Զǵɷ֮ɷ֮ǿٹ죬ֻҪһ΢е㳣ʶʿѡ֮
οǰĿʮ֮Ľ۷ףֻǴڴ˵֮еǿ֮
н۷ѪҲҪվٶҲȲһƽ
ȻֱѪе㲻ƽʵˡ
ڳʿǳŽ۷ģƽʱѪĳֱȻһ䶯ûжʿѪȤˡ
Ȼ󲿷ʿѪûʲôȤǲζû˸Ȥ
һЩʿ֪Լһ˿طûʲôԵˣɵĽ˷ϡ
ʵףǺڶ෽֮طȣϵѪȽʵʡ
Щ֮Ҳͣ
ҪᣬҪѪ𲢲ǿ
Ѫ𾭹һĴУȷǱһЩɷ֮ǿ˲١ǺδȫĽطȻкܴһβࡣ
ͶѪȤҲΪһֻǵɷ֮ʸΪ۷׵ϡ
ǵãڷ֮ʱǻ֮ľ
ʮ֮ڵľٲҲҪѪǿ
ȻĻͽ۷һ㱻ɣ
ҲΪһɣ۷ײʼǿ
۷׿ƾĻǿԼٶȡ
ҲŸ۷һЩ棬ͨĻԽ۷ʵʵ޵ĺܡ
͹ƣҲҪɷĻʸ۷׵ʵ
ʹ磬ɷ֮Ҳ˵õܵõġ
ôûû˵ĸ߻ɵʿӵеɷ֮ġ
ռ֮Ѫ˵ʲôҲᡣ
ʵ鼶ģпǶɽڵǿߣʵҪһǿӶѪѶȺܴ󣡡Ͱ̾˿
̲ס˷ۣѶȺܴǸܵ飡
͵һЦϿɲʲôܵ飡
ƺǳˣºʵ
ûУʱû뵽ͺ̹ףֱҡҡͷ
ȥ¿Ͳһ
һһ͵ЦЦ
ӵɹ˿أȫǺɵġ
ܹһ˻ˮ֮һ㣡
Ȼһ˻ˮ֮ԼųģȻͶһ㡱һȤûС
ҶһһתѪ˲㱻һۻĻϵɣΪҶһ֡
һڻ֮ϵȷܳңӵлѪҶҲ
Ҷ֮гѾõĸ֣֮ۻͲǷֺܹ֮ġ
֮һ仰ӵƣҶں֮ȴԶԶ˷һȥ֮ʵ㱻úܽûе־ѹԷĵز
˼ɵǣռ֮пɲֻͷһ壬ħħޣŽǵһ
ħ׺ݴ쳣ǿ߸ηʹһŽĽһ
ǽǿ߸ıȴ˶ޱȵļɵֻһҲȺޣ
ռĿҪˣκһһƽ⣬Ǿȫʧˣκһұ֤Լܹ֮ռơ
Щʿܹȣһ˿۷ȴȡ
ֻһƽ۷ױԽԽǿ󣬽ɫĻԽԽϸ
һ˿۷һɽ֮е
ԽԽǿĽطףҶƺԼе̰
õĻģҶķĺ
֮Ҳֻлһʸƿ۷ס
ֻҪܹ۷׽ȫƾһڵѪһ壡
ʧȥ˿ƵĽ۷ƺһ֮еĿֲ˲٣͵˵
ȻڵĽ۷û˷ƵĻһö¶ҪΪһƬˣû˵
̲סӣǺڴһ֮еĽ۷ȫ
䣡ͻȻ䣬һֻɫצץһϸСĽɫ

ϣң
𣿡
ͬһʱ䣬ŭһֻȳֵĺצ˲ͱĹ飡
ۣħ֮һʿ˲㱻ըһѪ
Ȼ˳һֻצֱӽһħʿֱǽһʿ򱬣
Ǹҡħʿŭһһɺɫĺհѹ˹ȻҪӲ۷Ӷᣡ
ħ룬ҶƵͺһֻպһһɫӰһɺɫĺݺݵײһ
⣡Ҷһһ֮ԿħʿͨҲ֪˵Ҷո˵˵֪ߵغá
һɫβҶƵͣ˦ţոһɫӰȻҶƵβ
ۺǿ󣬵Ǳһһ࣡͵˵ͷ
Ӹոյײ֮ѾԵĸܵҶ۵ļӲ̶ˣ
ĶۣҶƵ۵ȷǺǿʹ鱦ķҲδܺ俪ķ
ҶȻûʲô幦Լʹ͸߳ȼ۵ǿ֮ȴͲһ
ʿ˵巨ʲôĸͲҪˣӵѪǣǿ֮ϱͱȴ󲿷ֵʿҪǿһЩ廹Ҫǿ巨һ˷ʱˡ
ҶȻҲǱ뷨ûʲô巨
ͲͬϸǼޡƽ͡Ŷ巨ԼʹΣ۷ʵѾǳҶơ
δѧѧᰤ
ҶϽϿֲĻϢ˲ڣǿֲϢ·һ緢Ļɽһ㣡
ħ룬ȻҾͳȫǣҶƵͺ
ҶƵıȻֳһӰɫƬɫ۾ɫǣ
ʱ˿̣Ҷƾһ
ߺߣ壬ѲΪħ㲻ɣһݵʿһЦеĹһ㣬޾ڿγһɫҶĻңңţ
ħħħҶƵ̲סһе㲻ŵĿſһɫ
ٺ٣ħ磬ħĹڣ֮вɼħ۶ڤħǿݵʿٺһЦ쳹ռ䣡


724 ʮħ
ħʿ޷֪˭Ҳû뵽ħʿȻ˴󵨣ȻǱħĹڣҲɼħ
˵򵥣Ҫƾħ۳һڤħҪħɲһСĿ
һħĹڣܲħҲ֧˾޴ģ
治֪ħʿǲɼ˶ħĹڣŻ۳һ˾޴ڤħ
ħһħ֮еĵλһ֮еĵλࡣ
Ϳʵħͬһ壬ֻ粻һƺȻҲͲһˡ
ħһ廹һ壬Լʬ嶼ǼΪӡ
֪Ԫʱ򣬶ԶĹڣӲʱ̵ĵ
ʹΪ⣬һЩ棬ŵҲᾡԼŬͬʬ£
ҲΪʲô֮Ҫõһʬ˼ˡ
ɱһͻһŭ𣬸˵ǽĹڣˣ;˼ûʲô
ٵҲ飡
ħһλʿȴܣȻǱħ磬ħĹڣ֮вɼħ
˾ȵǣȻɹˣƾŴħɹ۳һڤħ
ʵ벻ͨƭħʿħ磬ħһɭϵر֮ħĹڣ֮вɼħ֪ħĹڣλá
ʵ̫ˣЩֻܱˣû˻Ϊħʿ˺ģһж͸
˻Ų΢΢ۣҲ̲סһ
ָоֿʼⷢˣȻһûһǰֲҲЩԿƣ
۾ȻڤħӦҲһ㶡
۳ڤħ֮ȻǺڤħŹϵ
ħ۶ɵ𣿡Ϳһɫʱ¶һ˿ء
ƺͽ΢΢ע뵽֮УֻɫƬʼȶһƺɫϢһıһƬţ
Ȼһϲ۵ܹħ
յĽڤħɢϢڤħǴħȣֱǾţһëԼʹڤħˣһħʿûע⵽һҲ̫֣ԼֻһЩռ֮еħ
˵֪ΪҪЩħȴ֪ЩħûлģΪЩħһ֮оͱһصˣûи͵κεӰ졣
һͷڤħѲɾ赲ңҶƲмĺһĻӰֱڿգײһڤħ
һôأħʿٺһЦ
ɲǼ䣬һ㣬ħʿֶһڤħ
ܣԲܣҶȼʿҲ̲ס
һڤħѾе㲻˼ˣȴҶǵĳܷΧ֮ڣһЩõʿҪɼܹ۳һڤħħҲʲôܵ顣
ǳڤħеˣɲǵþˣ
ڤħͽųӣôأءݵʿЦ
һ
ڤħ
һ˾Ȼܹͬʱ۳ڤħ
ѵһｫħһĹضˣڳʿԺ֮в;úܻƵ뷨
Ȼƣǳ֮⣬ڳʿʵ벻ʲôܹͣΪʲôħʿܹ۳ڤħһڤħԺһɽڵǿһڤħټħ˴ǰĸ֣ɽڵǿ˵֮еĵһλʹҲħĶ֣
˭Ҫ۷𣿡ʿƳڳʿһۡ
ʿĿɨʿ̲סһǺεȵѹεɭĿ⣬ֻҪһ۾;Լ嶼Ҫһ㡣
ߣߣƺ뵽ʲô
ŶϷӲѾ꣬벻ܹǵϷ򣡡ڷϳԼʿҲЩ⣡
ɫһ䣬֮߳ǰʱһССߣûеõ˻ʵʶΪ˻ʵӡ
ʱߵͷѾ쳹ħˣ

רɱ壬Ǵһ˿ѪĶŹһ廹ħħһ߶Ǻ֮ǣ
ȻܹǵģʱҲ鼶ˣϳǱɱ³
רѡ䵥ŵ֡
ħɱʮͷ֮߾ͬһһ㳹׵ʧˣǺţ
˭뵽֮һγֵʱȻǶɽڵǿߣ߸Ƕڤħ
֮кŵ߾ȻǶħ룡
Ҳǣ֮ҲħǸ޷ģħʮħƿصģǿһҲ޷Լʵŵħ֮С
ħħͲЩ鼶͸ҳڵħɢܹģʮħΪǾ춯أҲκһħ
ҽħĶʵǿħʿһЩͨҪЩ˽һҲ൱ֲģ
ħ۷еȤʶ˶ҹһ
߿еħȻħʮħ֮еħ𣬾˵ħһصĻ棬ܹɱ֮䣬˲²ֻҲ֮һ򲻿
ħԽ۷׸ȤҲ֮Уʮħ֮Ҳֻħ޻ϵģ
һħҵҶƶһ˿ԥ
ħʿ޷죬ʮħǸ̳ϵûʮӲҸɵ飡
ħ۽磬Ҫշħ룬ʮħֱֽħ۵һƷɱˣ
ħǺεȵһƷ٣ʹֻбһɵʵҲǿ֮жǿ̫ˣ
ʮħ־Ȼܹɱħ۵ķ
ɱǴҪģľǾȻɱʹ֮Ǽϲ̸ħ۵ʱһļɵºЩħ۳Ϲϵһ㡣
ļϲʵȻʮħȴûӽħ۵һƷɱˣ
һҲͲ֮ħʮħҲǿ֮
ҲһսҲĬħĴڡ
˵ħ֮ͨҪǾƾʮħܾħ۵һɱħ۷һӮǿߵͬ
˿ߺһ
ҶɫЩԥǴʱ˲Ļս˵Ϣ»ᴫ磬ʱ˶˵ߣ꽨ͻˣ
ڤħҽ쵹һᣡһֱڿеһ֮ͻȻ


725 
ʮħ֪ʮħǳļǳ
ʮħ֪ҶƸҺԵĻҶƵ³ҲԺòȥ
ħʮħ޷ĸԣҶƶڣʮħҲɱ壡
һʱҶƾȻ֪ӦΣ
ҲҶƽѵʱһж
죬Ž̫ϳϽ죡
֮п˵һ棬һ񻰣
ʹʵű֮УǽúͬһʱʿȻʧɫ
ʹڣ¶޷һ
һֻһͳ׻ĸס
Ǹмӣųһ֮ܳţ
Ǹʱһ֮еķâʹһǿ߶ɵ
һ֮ǰʿҲֻΪŽǵĳһλϣҲŽǳٶѡ
˭ûԤϵһ˾Ȼ伣ܾõĽ죡
ΪһʱĽʹʧǰܾãҲûĸʿСĽ
ӵڤħħߣڿһʱҲ¶һ˿⡣
ߵڤħǿҲռžԵơ
Ƕͨʿԣ
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ռֹˣһ󣬺ռ侹Ȼտ˲٣оųϵʿһ֮£
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İɽȻһ֮»Ϊ˻ҽ
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ĳ̶ֳ˵ĿѾǴﵽˣɹİ˷ӡ
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죬Ǻ㲻ݣһŭһֻɫȭӰֱӺ֮һճɫӰ
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СԺ⣬ۼʶСԺʵȴȡЦʲô
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ϣɷŶѹûע⵽ħʿӦԴɷħһܵĽӴ
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ħʿҲû뵽鷢ˣƽ޼᲻ݵɷħֺʿͷ­ײȻûռһıˣķɷħ֣
ʿħʿһ㶡
ʹŭɷӰ죬ͱ쳣Ѫɺ˫ɢѪ⣡
ߣħʿһͷܣǿɷħֶ޷˺ͷֺʵ֮ǿԲֿܹġ
ߵ
͵ٶȱҪ̫ˣħʿոջͷеĳѾ̴ͷ­
꣡͵ϮʿͲ˿ֱǽħʿ֮С
ǱǼʿжˡħʿĴһ£Ц
Ѫƽԭʿĸˢӵģħʿƽɷħһ֪ͨ˶ʿ
ߵ壬ɷħֶû˺ֺűͷɱ
Ƕɽڵǿǰں޷£ɷħһץҲͷ­ѵ³
ףɷħ֡ǰһȻħʿĴ֮һ鼮һĶ֡ɷħ֡
ӦþǸո͵Ϯҵһͨ˰ɡ뵽⡶ɷħ֡Ҳû̫⡣
ϵķ̫ͨ࣬һͨħʿЯͨˣҲȥ


729 ɷħ֡
̫ޣӵжͨ£͵۹Ѿͨʿܹȵˣһķ벻ķۡ
ţ⡶ɷħ֡ɷķţ⣿¼æס͡
ɷ⼸־ǰһȱٵľɷš
ڵɷƵǿȥĻܲ߳Ѫƽԭһ⡣
˯ͷ͵Ϯ͵ħʿҲû뵽ԼȻǰͽһ⣡
ɷħ棿ӦǴһŹ˰ɡոշһɷħ֡һĸ֡
ഴĹҪú֪ԼְɣͶɷħ˼Ҳʾ⣬ĸֲû̫뷨
ܺãܹһҳ֤ڵɷѾ߱൱Ĺģڶҳʱͱ㿴һλ
͵Ժ֮ͻȻֳһֻɫצһֻɫצգһצȥ·Ҫ綼һ㣡
عͷԼȻѾһ亹
ոԺ֮иֳĻʵ̫죬һצ£ǧ˲
⡶ɷħ֡ӵ൱ɷڿɷħĸֵʱѾɷˡ
˾꣬򵱳
ħʿķ֮϶˹ĻأͲ̾˿
⡶ɷħ֡ɷħһλħɣʵ쳣ǿ
֮ǰԺ֮иֳĻ棬һֻɫצֱץһƬ
ȴڶɴɱɷħʵʵǿֲ
ִͨλһħʿأͲЩϧɳûʲôϧˡ
ħʿȪ֪ĻһߺתүӿѪƽԭģ
ͻ뷨Ҳħʿ˵õ⡶ɷħ֡ȴûϰ⡶ɷħ֡ľ衣
ۿ⡶ɷħ֡ʱ򣬽ǿɷħĸֵʱ򣬾˰£֮ǿﵽɷħ֡ʸ
˵Ǿ߱ɷħ֡ʸ񣬵꣬һŶûдﵽ
ԡɷħ֡ʿΪʩչͷǿԴһҲҪܵش
ʿɷħ֡ʱ򣬿ûп
⡶ɷħ֮֡Ͳò̾һŹɷħ浱˲ãȻַܹڵɷ
ʿһ̶ڶɷϾһ;ôܲɱ¾ֻǳ̶ȶٵˡ
󲿷ʿ뵽ĲЩɷνɷ
ɷٻ̫ãӰ쵽Լĵһô°빦
ҲһЩǻ۴ߣɷһž׵Ĵͨɷħеһλ
ɷΪ˫֣г֮󣬼ʹǳҲժȡ
Ϊһ͵ϣҪʼ⡶ɷħ֡
ٻɷʵ̫࣬ǲʱĻǲ롣
ģΪ㻤鼶ʿǰҲ˵ֺˮЦ
ȫںˣ͵˵
ˮߵ˵ͷ˵ǻһ㹦򣬵ȫںˣһ岻ٹһʱ䣬ҾָܻȫʢʱھųɵʵˣʱʿҲһ
๦ںһ֮󣬺ˮߵʵҲǱǣʹûΪռЩƬҲȻƾԼԼָȫʢʱڡ
һصףǧ׻ʽɢΧֻҪһǧܽͻֲԽ鼶ʿ˲նɱ
ɷ˼֣Ѫƽԭ̺˶ɷǱص֮Ըоɷǿǵ
ѹǰһħʿѪƽԭ֮ϣֱɷħ֡ıء
ͣոתڵɷͬڵĽˮһ㣬ӿӿ˫֮С
˻ôѸ̲ͣסһɷڵ˾ң;ؿһӾҪˣ
ħȻǺģ뵽
ħȻǿ󣬵Ҳ˺ܶΣգǽƫĺ
ͽһжƵħı׶֮ϣȴ֪ȫԼļԵʡ
ڵɷɲһһϦ飬ħʿڵɷֻ͵ʮ֮һҲ㻨˶ʮĹɵġ
Ҳˣǻˣͱˡ
ǿĺôһҲչֳˣʱҪʿǿ̫ˡ
Ǵ⡶ɷħ֡ɷħ棬ɷʱٶҲûֲ
ڵɷѪƽԭ̺ɷˡ
һŪʲôʡģʹڵ֮ϵ¶̲סҡҡͷ
˴Ķ˿ɲˣɽʿпܹеĵ֡
ĵҲζţѪƽԭڻжɽڵǿߣ
ô£ҵĻҪڤɲأôһ˿ɷ۲ˣһ徳ħʿ̲ס˳
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ͬħʿϣͰﷶΧ֮ڣеɷӶ˹
ҰСӣأЩʿʵҪͺܼ򵥣ħʿֱһն˹
ˣâûпͰ֮ھͱǿֲɷͬˡ
ùСӣɷȻ֮ϣ
ֻһڵСӣ
һЩħʿڴ˿ҲԽ࣬ڸһĶҲʶģǶûм͡
ģʵǿͿͻƵ徳ˡ
Ѿһʱˣ쵽ˡһΪ˽һеħʿ˵
ʱˣôûֹͣ
ʱˡ
ﰡˣ
ɷʱԽԽע⵽͵ħʿҲԽԽࡣ
̶ȥСӿҪڶɷҲӶˣЩǰҪŭˣһħʿҡҡͷ
һ֮ӶɷٶȲſʼͣûǰʿǵǰӶᵽڶɷ
ڵڶʿ鼶ǿߣɲЩ徳ʿܹǵġ
һµɷСӵʲôͨʿ뵽
һ¡
СɣͿһ˹΢΢ڵƣ̲סЦ
궼ûŵġɷħ֡ǻ¾Сɾ磬˱ʵ˰
Ҳͻ̫ԵʣټѪƽԭأŻЧ
ҵǣ⡶ɷħ֡͡ûʲôͻ޶
˵ҪԼǲֶ֪֮һţҲͺε顣
⡶ɷħ֡ҪһɷԶҲǲˣͲΪ˷ˡ


730 һɽ֮
̰ãն಻ѹȫȻ͵һ֮䣬Ҫΰպˡ
ɷħ֡Ƕ⡶ɷħ֡ʲô뷨ҲΪܹԼɷˡ
ɷħ֡ЧҪԶԶ͵Ԥڣôһ֣ͨ͵Ĺ˲ٵǿѾ͵ķֶˡ
µʱ䣬ڽܷΧ֮ڡ뵽
ҪԤҪһҵʱ䣬˻ʸҲһꡣ
ȫһʱ׼
˵䱸˳ԶĴ󣬿ִһʯǲҪһЩǿҲûͿԶ봫
ԣʹǷǸ㹻ʱ䡣
ɷħ֡ʱҲʶѪƽԭŸΪֲɷ
ûӶɷΪҲܵǵײֲϢǾǶɽټǿߣʱûеȥǶɽǿߣԲŽӶɷķΧ˵һ㡣
˵һ㣬ȴʤڹȫ
Сѣ˶ɷˣħʿͻȻΧ
ҪΣɫһ⼸ʿһһʱ侹Ȼ󱲸סˡ
ɷķŽ򣬺ߺߡһħʿЦһ
ЩѪƽԭ˶۲ôãȻ֮ɷķҪԼĸߵĶࡣ
ԽǸߵķžԽѵãܷʵСУЩѪƽԭħʿʳָ󶯡
Ҫţã͵˵ͷ
Χס͵⼸ħʿһ㶡
Сô˵
ǵô󣿡
̫˰ɣ
ȻΪܹɹʱһֻɫצֱӽһħʿƬ
Сɾġɷħ֡ͲǸӵħʿܹȵģ˲ͽһ徳ʿһֻӬ϶١
ħʿʿڵɷֱӱΪһ֡
Сӣ̫ˣһںڵĳͻȻ͡
ǿ鱦𣡡ҡҡͷȻǲһ㣬ǻеô
΢΢ڵƣֱӽסһ
ħʿɫ䣺㡭㡭㾹ȻӶɷ
ʿɷɲѪƽԭ֮еɷ֮ɲô׾Ӷġ
һӶ۵ɷֻ˵ɷķҪ̫߳ˣ
͵ֶλԶԶûнɷľ˲䣬ʿеĳҲΪһѷĩһƾֱ͵֮С
ǿѾ̤鱦ĳȻôˣ
꣬ǻٻ˲Ϣ֮䡣
ôġħʿûüʣһֻɫצѾԴ֮ϡ
飡һʬ壬ʯ֮䣬;ͽնɱ徳ʿ
ܹѪƽԭ֮дʿʵԲʹں徳֮УʿҲǸˡ
Ǿʵĺ徳ʿȴ󱲡У
ÿƳ˵סȥ·ʿһֲۣɷʱӿ
ڵɷʧһ㱬Ǻ徳ʿ˿ֲɷ֮ҲԶ
ÿֲһʵֲ̫ˣڵɷôܻﵽ̶ֳȣ
Ǻ鼶ǰҲ˰ɡ
һԸЩħʿ˿ɲУԽǾ;Լ۸ԽǻôߣʵⲢֻǶħʿã綼ͨõġ
ۣ˶һţֻǿŻ˼ɵ
͸ոʩչѪֶҲסЩħʿʹǲ
ˣˣرڵص׵ǧ׻ʽǧܽһػ͵ĵڡ
ˣΪһ׷ŰԼˡЩħʿͬ뷨
һѪƽԭܹԼɷˣһ;ǲˡ
С㣬·ٵѪƽԭǴû鰡ȵЦ
ûǲҪһˣһŮһЦ
̶ܹ֮һСС̻ᷢչ˵زŮӿ˵ǹû
ѶҲͣ΢΢̾˿
ѪƽԭûκιؿԵģ￪·ѶȲħ֮пٳһƬʿľۼء
ҲȻֻҪǼǿߴýͿˡŮһصӡ
ĴۿɲСɫһ䡣
ɵǶˡŮ˵
ɣС㣬Ƿ̫ˣɵ󡭡Щ˭Ҫóɵ¶ͿһķӦ
ɣȷǺܶ࣬ǵõҲܶ࣬óһøһǺܻ㡣ŮӾ˾㷢Ц
׬һ׬׬һҲ׬ֻҪܹٳһ·ֻ̻һɵҲ׬ò
СɽڵʵǼҲԸСġ
һ뵽;е㲻˼飬Сż갡ѾǶɽڵǿˣ˭뵽ڴ֮ǰһ޷ͨء
ɣһ˾Ҫǵθжˡ˪ĵ̾˿
˵干ͬ龳ʿȴ֮Ļ֮ҲѪƽԭմ
ӣӣᴩ֮䡣
ѪƽԭĻңʹЩʿûжıϣҲ龳֮еһڰ嶼ܲˡ
̻ҪѪƽԭϿٳһ·̻Ż֮һͨ壬Դշת̻еõĺôԹ
޾֮Уһ˫۾ͻȻס͡
һֱһϵɻ꽣ƫеĴһ˫۾ڵķ
е˼ѹɱС򰡣ӵһЦ¶ԼΡ
СɽԴʯҿиȫʬ˵⣬·쾭һ㡣
ɽǿߣµڲ
ɽǿ߰綼Ƕ˵ʿˡ
ɽһˣΪǸ𣿡һ
Ӻܴ󣬲ʵȴ˵㣡һָѹһָ·һɽ
ɽʿһָһɽѾɽʿԼΪһˣʵ̫ǿˣܹԸģ¾ֵ˵
ʯֶ治ͬʯɽ֮лʵţǧʱƾԼŬʮͷɽʿǽʮͷɽʿԼΪһ壬һָһɽ֮˿ֲ͵ʮ
飡ȫһȭһָ˿
ÿֲСӻҪǿĨȥǵѪ૵
˭˵ģҪȱȣ֮еСӲĵĽ


731 ǱӴ
ʯһָ֮Ӳ˵һȭˣʯĻһȭܽʹˡ
һָӲʵ̫Сˣһ飬СɽԴʯһȫʬʯһƽӡ
ֶ㲻ϣԼҪץ޾֮һγǻɽԴʯߣô򵥣ȳԷҪ򵥡
ȷǱǿΣͰͷһЦʮص
ȻˣҾ·ʯ·ʹʹͲϧȫʬĻᡣ
һָȻһָʯһĶһָѾǶʵˡ
ָһݣ΢΢ڵֱʯһָ֮ϡ
ţʯ̲סüͷʩչƺеˡ
ʯûзϣٴܺǶ
漴ѹʯЩɻһظ߹һأ·𻹻һ㣬ֱڲڲƻ
һĶҹʯָһҪЩڲɢ
ͣһֻɫצֱץָ֮ϡ
Ѫ
ⰵɫצֱӴ͸ʯƤ
ʯɫһ䣺
ʯŭˣɽڵǿҪɱһڵʿһֻϻҪ򵥡
һֻϾȻҧһڣʵ޿̡
˵ʯ֮ǰϷˣ̬ȵĻô˿Ҫɱˣпֶɱ͡
ҪȫĹһһ飬ʯɽ֮ϣͺʳѪ⣬ʳ
ʮصټѪצɷħ֣Ҳ˼£Ȼ˵ʯȶɽڵǿߡ
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ʯû֣ʹǶͬһֶѾˣοһڵС
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ͺһûҪʯƴ
ʯӵʮɽ֮ƴҲƴʯģ̹֮ɵͻǸɲ
䣡һֻƶʱΪɽѹ
ѪƽԭΪ֮һӲĽҰȥһ顣
գͳһ
ɽ½ʱѾγһѹƣʵ΢һʿɽʱһ¶ܣҲֻǱһɽӲĸˡ
һΣܶڶ𣿡ʯһ
ͶһѾЩŭˣһԲͶ㿪
ʯ־һƣһıһθѸͣͲͶ㿪Ļᡣ
ƺҲû׼ܿһָһĨֱӻʯĲӡ
ʯҲǶɽڵǿߣһĨ⵽֮ǰӦջǰһƣסһĨ⣡
һĨѪʯָ쭳һĨֱӸʯָ
ʯķӦ֮죬һ£ֱӽһĨѹ¡
ͣһѪʯ֮ϳһѷ죡
ˣʯһĨ֮½ˡ
ɣ͵һб㽫һĨ֮С
һνĹȳȷĪ⣬Ǹги˾塣
ûз֮ǰȳʵһֱʯԣʯɽڵʵȻ˿ûз֡
ȳҲֵֻزˣҪֻȳʯеѶȵģֻȳ棬ǸʱĪ˵һʯʮʯҲҪƵߣȳһͿǱȵֻҪֲٱ
֮дǿڹȳΧ֮µӣ
Ӧÿʼ˰ɣͿʯָϵѪϹһĨĪ΢Ц
ʯһĨ΢ЦʱͻȻһֲõԤУǼԼ֮ȴûзʲô쳣
ҪΪǸ汨ôҲһɣЦһ˫ֳֽһӶǰ׵硣
׵磬ҺΣʯһʳָһһɽֱӳͷǰ׵ȫһɽ޷˺ֺ
ʯʵʯֶܱģɽҲƷʼѣʯɽ׵ĺ֮ͻΪ˻ҽˣʯɽȴǺ
ͽ׹һ˲Ϣ֮ʯԡ
úãʯϲ
ԼιͶ㿪ɼ͵ٶȷͬһ㡣
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ڽһɲǣͲһεɫӡ֮һ˿˿ע뵽͵֮С
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Х£ӵṩĴ֮£ҲܹʩչХһС
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Ͱһָ£һƺɫϢָţ䣬һĨɫĵֱնȥ
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Ϊĳͨӵ֮ȻҲܹʩչԶԶ޷ȵģǴʱԸʯȴҲ㹻ˡ
ʯľ󲿷˺һ֮ϣϲֻǺһ֣
ֱͣӽʯ۸
۵˲䣬һֱ̺֮ӶᣬһֱҲΪ˷ɻʧ֮䣬ʯָںϵİɽʿȻˡ
ʮɽ֮ҲǺ⣬һɽ֮ʯȫ·ˡ
䣡ͷײʯؿڣһ޴Ѫʯ嶼ըɣ
ţһģʯһݻǱ˻޾֮С
һռͨʯΪ˷㷵ضµģû뵽ȴ˾һ
ϧˣûܹϧҡҡͷ
ʩչХѾ֮еĵ߰˰ˣ˵͵˵۵
һʹܱܽΪܣˮ߿Цҡҡͷ
ʿɽʿҲŤͷܣƫƫǽһɽʿˣʵǲ˼顣
Ѫƽԭ֮мǿ߲̾˿
ֻҪպɾͲ
ҾȻϸܵϢѵյˣ
ϵ֮ǲƭЩϲģҲνҲ¡
ʮҲҵǰȥѯʣ


732 ׺
뿪Ѫƽԭȴɫ䣡
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ͻƣȻҪͻˣ
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ƴˣҾͲҹ٣ҧҧ
Ϊѹ죬벼һ£ȻǶɽٳɹˣҲ׶༪٣
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ÿһа֮ߣеɫ
аҷһȥȫƯɫ㣬˷ƶĴӿȥ
һӦɫʱһƬ԰ס
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ڴʱԶһСɽдһĵͺ𣬽һһâһɢΪһɫӰ
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һ󣬿ƾͱϴСΣγһ޴©Ĺ״
ԪƣӰпע롣
ԭЩģӰڷʵһٷĹɫȫһˡ
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ڶɶͶ쫷總һûвӰ
쫷дĵͺ·Щ꣬Щʹӡ
ɫԽԽ࣬ԳĺԽԽͣվκˡ
۴ӿٹ㣬쫷һ̶·Զ޷һ㡣
ѪƽԭһʿΣĸʿˮѡ
ͨʿ¹˶Ԫͱˡ
һٷĹ󣬰ɫ쫷һһѰľ졣
쫷羹һµıѶȥȸڶ㶼һɢ
Ĵ޴Ӱٴε
ʱӰɫ쳣ɫ֣·嶼ɫȫ
ͬһʱ䣬ɽеУһصСͷУһһ㡣
һֻ߸ߵĽɫԪӤϿ߸ߴĶŷҵһǴ
ǧɫС令ʵʵ
ҶдƬɫƮ£䵽ԪӤϣһʧˡԪӤĽУȴһͷ­СĺصĹֽ
һ˶̽ĸ꣬ƽһּɱ¾о
ԪӤ侲һ׻ã˿Ϊֽ
һݣڴ˹ֽд̼£ĿѪԽԽŨ֮ʢۿһ˿ҲҪʧȥӡ
ԪӤΣԥһſڣһɫ绡һ
һ£׼ȷĻ˹ϣĻһ
޺޵һҧȻһͻȻģ壬ջΪһɺɢˡ
ԪӤŻ۾ԭŤһʧ˫һʱĿ峺ˡ
һħҲ붯ҡҽ׺ľģδҲ̫С˰ɡԪӤõͲŵЦ˵
вͷһףַɿһٴα˫Ŀ
ݶɫģȻӿһ࣬ȫѡ
ͬʱһ֮·ɢ
ԪӤȴδţֻƴеԪɫģۿɼٶȣһ
ӺԪӤȻĳ֮ߣ·ͯһߴˡ
ʱɽϿյӰȻΪһɽһء
һӴޱȵԪһ½ٵ֮УƴԪӤй롣
ʼþӨ͸ͬʱɢŨ
ԭԪӤڵĻһҵһй֮ڣͯȥ
ԭ;Ө쳣ɻӿͬʱһ󾧹ת˲ð͸
ѪһɫĹܿģģ
˿̣ϸ˿Уŵɫ⡭
ͬʱﴦϸСžѸ
ֻ֮ѸʧѸٻΪɹɵ̩֮쳣
Ƭ̹żһ𣬲еͷ­һȥʱ
ֻʶһѴĶˮɰһ漴һ͸飬ĵ׿ӿ
һζɽоգ֮˫Ŀ̾˿
ʱȫ֪ԼɽٴѪƽԭʿô𺳡
һ޴ӰѪƽԭʿĥӡ
޼壬Ѫصһǿҡҡͷ
ɽ֮ʱȻܹʵ˷˼֮ΪǸţɽ֮ʱҲû
ĳ̶ֳ˵ڵѪѾԽκһĳԱ
ɲǵѪ֮Ѫܹ쵽ģкܴһֵĹϵһƬۻںϵǣ
ѹֻ˿ĽףҲŪԵɡ
֮ǰͻƶǹܴɣڵɷѹԼͻƵ
ɷ֮ѹƾʧˣټϺʯһͲٸ򣬴˿ͻƿ˵˳ˮۣˮɡ
׺ܸ֮оԼ֮ĹͨѾǿԺֱӲٿйˣʢ
ҵʵӦҪʯҪǿһ˿ȭͷ
ͻ֮ڻȲʯֶѹʯһʯҲҪ֮еˡ


733 
ͻƾĺô˲Ϣʱ֮
ǰѹƵ̫ˣʵ̫һͻƣʵͻͽԺɵ֮Ͽ˵һ˳ڽ֮ǰͲʲôƿˡ
һһģǰݷΪԺٳһׯʹ𲽱ʿһ˿ȫӭͷϣԶԶĽʿ˦
ͻˣҲΪп̾һ
һʵ̫ˣʹͻƵĵصʱԣͻ֮ĸо޷ơ
˵ͻ֮ǰͻԼΣǵĻôʱ˿ȫûй˼ˡ
ͻ֮ʵԶԶ͵ԼԤϣ
;Ƕ϶ɽڵǿߣʤҲõĻԽɽڵǿ
˵Լ֪ڶɽ֮ʱĿֲ󣬵ȴѾܵѪƽԭ֮ǴѪ֮ЩѪָ֮ڵķ
һΣһȺСˣ
δͻ֮ǰҲ޾鼶ǿߣ׺壬Ƕ϶ɽڵǿҲмְա
ЩļһΪߵҲ鼶Ŀǰʵһֻ־ܽ
˫һ·˵ߣ֮ͬҲǺ֡
˫һ·ҲٮٮߣȻЩ㡣
һ˦һ׻ʽ磡
Ǳ绹Ҫ죡
µʵûп׻ʽ˶켣
һ̣֮һ޵Ѫɫõſ
Сӣ̫ˣƶ֮нŭ
ܣüͷһ塣
ɢܵ˳
һɸߵĴ󺺣ȫһưɫëǣ
塣΢΢̾˿
˴ĿıҪǰ򣬽еۡ
ԭλ䣿
˵֮ʱѾܿҪλãǴʱܵȻǱ
ȫ¶ĽۣСۻܵȻɲС˺
̽һץɸߵľ޺Ȼͬһ㱻С
˻Ѫƽԭ֮ϵʿˢˢĵһ
͵ʵʵ̫ˣܵʵѾ۷壬˵ǰֻŶѾ̤˶ɽڵǿ塣
͵ǰȴͬӤһС
ߣЦһһֱʧЩʿ֮С

Ѫƽԭ֮ϵʿ࿴һۣƺڽʲôջûвȡʲôʵԵж
ȥ׷
ʲôЦûԷһǿ߾ͺһʱȥǱԷնɱ³
ǹͷû˻ôɵͷȥû˴ͷҲζû˸棬Ȼͱôҡڵ뿪Ѫƽԭ
ѪƽԭײļɽǿߣʼնͶûʲô뷨
ǲ룬ǲ룡
ǰչֳ֮ѾǼɵޱˣɴ˲ͱпڳ
ħ綼쵱ģĴڣʮҲǡ
Ͷɽٸ콵޼֮Ҳһģ
һӺ֮ǣһЩɽǿǸҳˡ
ѪƽԭϻҲҪعأһЩǾԲܶġ
ЩֱӽѪƽԭ׳춼пܡ
ҪɱɱҪĥĥģܺй
ɱ㣿練ơͲмЦЦ
壿ԼϢ֮Щŵʵ
壬˵о󲿷ֵʿϲλЩǲıġ
ǰͣȴޱȴϢ
ҲѹϵȻΪһ飿ܱһƣǰµĽơ
ʲô˼е㲻Ŀ͡
˵ѹϵ֮Ǻܴģѻ㱳ͱһ˽еֵʱŻֳƽʱôô
ȻɱȡȻʳ塣
˫ֹϵҲ֪һжֻڰڵϵĻôܵŭǺصġ
ͬīһ㣬ؽϽǣӲǱƵʳֽӡɽ֮ϣ
ǻð۳潻ĻīͱʰƤȡˡ
ΪλΪǿͳ֮һʹʣҲһȤġ
ܵ˵֮ĹϵΪ˶޼䡣
˽Ϊ˴ȡֶΣζĹϵ˶ƣ֮ҲѪƽԭܵĻҵشˡ
ʲôͼͻȻĿ͡
£ȴͲȡһЩֶΣǽԼﵽһЩɸ˵Ŀġ
ƾ㣿㻹ûʸ񣡡ҡҡͷ
㵽ôһצ
뱻һ𣿡͵һܵһצ޴ķֱ֮ǽˡ
࣬ԵĲ࣡
˵֮ǰܻһ˿ĽңΪӮ͵Ļôһײ֮Ĳ࣡
һ粻ԼʿѹƣֱĸоеԽܡ
ȥۣƽ·˵һ΢һ㡣
Ǹһͷܴĳͬ׺䶥һ㣡
㡭ҪɱۣҺƴˣѹƵ˲ָһе͡
һͷܣǼ򵥣һžͽܲ˽¡
˵һҪȫһû˵͵Ȳˣѵ嶼ӣЦһ
˿̵ޱȵί;ˣ
תһ룬͵ʵҪɱۣ췽ҹ̷
㴵һܹ֮ˡ
ΪʲôҪۣʵ
Ԯͺһ
Ԯѹ֣ѹ֣ɵ徹ȻΰԮӦǱӦȻͲڽ£ܻ޼ɵĴЦ
Ҿ֪εҡҡͷ
ץסһͷͷԾһ壬˿̶ڿʲô鷳ˣһͷɵܾ֪Ц塣
ò˵ȷֵ֮ģһѾˡ
ʹ鼶𣬵ͷԼ򵥵ȴȻڣԣ
ǲĻھ͸ұ죡͵һһɽʵʵɱֱܡ
һֻҪԼЦ˻ԥĽԼնɱͲҷκε졣
ܺãô·ˣͿ˵
·ΣܿҾԲģȻͷԼһ㣬ǹͷȴӲĺܡ


734 ֻǵȴ
ҪôһطһҲеͷʹ˵
ҪҸʲôܿһ㶡
һȫĵ·ܹܿ󲿷ֵ塣˵
ĵ·ǡʶģܿҪشͣϱ㷢˲Ծ
ʱסѾˣ
ͷԼ򵥵ɵܣ΢һ±͸¶һЩ飡΢΢
ΣҲġܿҵͺһ
ģҪģҲֻʧȥһμˣһܿҵԴ֮ϡ
ȻѾ֪ĵ·ڣȻҪʡ
ҪӱõϢɲһַʽǿԷļĸ죡
˵ѻ󷨻Աʩ߲һЩ֢ȣֺ֢Ե΢ˣҲǱɰ׳նѡ
ܿҵӣɰ׳պڵĲ໹ĲǺܴ
ưܿҵԴ֮ϣǿ˺ܿҵֱӶȡܿҵļ䡣
Ѫܿҵļ֮Ѱҵ˹һ·ļ䡣
ܿҵļ֮УѪ˿־廹ǿ־壬ʹǴڻ֮УͶȡѪļʱܿҵ廹ǲĲ
ȻѪܿҴӰ첻һ㣡
ѪѺ̷ĳѪ֮壬壬һЩ壬ѺѪʿһЩʵǿ弫Ϊʹ޵ʿ
֮пٳһͨɲΪ棬ҲΪ˹ѺЩ̷
ͼ
ûͬԭһ㡣
ѪȴǸӵѪȣӵĲ̣
Ѫ۹ͬٳһС磬޶࣬ǳȴֻһ۹
λ۹
κܹѪ嶼κεط룬ֻҪܹͨѪɹ۹
ôϲ㣬лΪλ֮һĵӣһԾţλ˼㡣
˵ͳ֮УλǴѪʣµһλ˵ûȴѪ˸߹ݣȻǲȥʲôѪˡ
Ѫǧݱ䣬ٲȻǳһС磬Щ嶪еʿǱԽǿ
Ѫ֮еʿڼƻŴһС磬Ӯ֮
λֿٳĿռǶôȹ̣ǺͬһεʿҲѴݻС磬οЩʵԶԶ۵ʿ
ټѪޣǳȴֻһҪ뿪ֻȥ۹
һλۣ
ûӵҲܲµˡ
⵹һݾϧ̫գҡҡͷ
Χ׷½ȣһѪΪա
ȥѪҲûкôֱǰ۹λۡ
ʣһݵͨû·ȴѪǰ۹λۡ
ȷ¶ѪЩִ֪ʲôĴڡ
ǲģҪˣѪΪģʿǿһȣȻо𲻵Чˡ˵
ǻ̫ΣˣҵԸȥ׷ЩԸ
˾ϣ۽ЩʿؽѪʱûаϵķеҩ
ҲζֻҪѪпܵõЩʿĹеҩ
˵ЩʿϵĶҲǺջ
һ޵׶ٶʯģȻѪ֮ѵķãֶΪ
ˣͺãƲƲ죬֪޷˵ҲͲ˵ˡ
ѪҪһ룬Ƚ˵
˵򲻹ֻǧǾǧľ룬Ѿɱ˲°λһԵʿ
Щʿʵձǿûͻ֮ǰҪӦôʿҲǺǿ
ڽ׺徳֮ʵǣԺͶɽʿ׷֮ʵߵҲ鼶ܵͣ
֮жɽʿѾҪսˣȻܰѶɽʿ׷ɱôһȺʹ
Σ
һ֮оۼʮ壬ڼǵʿݣɲֿܹġ
岻ãܱȫԼĲʶҪĻôǲ⽫ˣ
īǣ˵ʲôĴ㣿һǻŮӿǽĵĿһԴīǡ
۵Ĵ㣿īǵһЦ
µˣһ׳ǰһ
ɲѲ£ԱߴһǷ
ȥ鷳ˣֱȥ裡һֱ׳ϵСк˾죬˲ʧˡ
ī˵˵ǵôģһ˻ˮǵҪҪȥһ¡ǻŮӼеʵ
ﶼѾˣαҪң֮пϻ۵ģ´۶˵֮пܽ״۵ġīǵһЦ
ҲҲ£Ҫ֪ġŭƳīһۡ
ַ顭ǧʿ
ϰˣҲûбֳʲô쳣
϶Ҳµˡīָָߡ
ȷǸõģҽֻ뷨ʹһ㣬ģ㵽ǲˡһ
˶ǣȻˡīƲƲ졣
ǲǹģٲ˵ŲֱӰɿˣһ̣ϸ֮ͻȻһȦתŵİɫ塣
ˣˡīεҡҡͷ
ȣڵȣī΢΢̾˿
ߵ˵ͷͬīǵĻ
Ǻεȵǿ֮ûжܹλ۵۾
οǾ֮飬λۼͬһʱ֪飬ȴûκεĶ
Ҫ֧ԮĻ֧ԮˣҲû˵Թۣ
һƽ۷ףʵ֡Щ֮ⲻھơīЦ
ԭǴ󺺼ѿڶ
ԭĸڡ˵ܹһҲԭ֮֮ʲŽԭΪСī˵
һ˿۷׵ȷǻûռԭһ֮һЩ۲ޱȡ
ԭ֮еĶ˵ûжٵӵеĶԭҪĶ࣬Ķࡣ
ʹԭ֮ͻƵıһ˵Ϊһ翵Ĵ˵ֵã
ǵԭҲһЩ뷨ȴٳûжˡ
ڵʲô׳̲סʵ
ʹߺīǼͬһʱ˵˳
һ㶣һʹѣбҪλ۵
Цĵ˵ͷīǣѹô껹ͷ
īǷ˷ۣҵͷҾͷˣ
УԽԽɰˣ˾͡


735 Ѫ
˵ᣬǳΪͳӽǵˣ˵ǿīġ
ǲ֪֮л᲻ʿ۹ƲƲ졣
֮˵Ҳ࣬ǵжΧȴϸƣĪ˵۹һЩʿĸۡѿ
ЩǰԮʿǽ򣬵Ҫۼһܵ顣
Ѫ
Ѫ
ͬһʱ䣬˳
ʿҪΨһİ취ͨѪīǵһЦڳ֮Ҳֻһ󺺵ķӦЩ
˼Ѫɲô׾ܴģһЦ
Ѫ嶼Ѿˣ
ûǧܹѪֻĸ
һɹѪҲʮǰˣҲīǣͳ죡
ǧ֪жپ޵Ѫ֮Уܹȴֻˣ԰Ƶ嶼Ѫ֮С
ɳҪΪǿߣλ۽ѪĳԱѡ壬ʵҲû˻ۣ
ҿɲΪ֮лʲôʿܹѪҡҡͷ
ΪǴҲֻǲ֪ѪĿֲ֮
ǶɽǴڵǿ߽УļʾͲɣܹѪļҲһɡ
οѪҲֻжɽµʿܽ룬һǼˣʮʿһ봳ѪҲѱ֤һ˴
ѣ̫ѣʵ̫ˣ
۾ڵһЦĿϿյ۹
Ȱɣȱıʱˣĺһ
ۼ
ȣ½İɽֱǲһᡣ
һȴԶԶȲ½İɽ
ľ
Լ֮һаɸߵĽľҲһп
Լ֮оȻһľ޷ľȴ֮У
ѪͽܿҶһûעĽ䣬ȡļ䣬ֱһΪƫƧĴ֮С
һǽѪڣ
λۿٳѪʱΧҲޱȵķ٣ſԾԾԡ
Ѫ֮ȥԽԽ࣬һ𽥵ںʿȥѪˣһˡ
䣬Ȼʹã
ùϵϢδ⴫ͱѾܵ⴫֮ϵĹϢ
ƷʯǶ밼֮󣬴׹һ͵Ӱʱʧԭء
˲֪ȥѪˣôˣѵ𣿡һ߿һɫĹҡҡͷ
ʱҲҪȥѪΪ۵״ӡ
ǲпʵȴѣ֮ŽѪûһ߳˵ǳΪ۵ĵˡ
һһſѪߵҲľˣҲûдѪͷˡ
һġһЩע⵽Ѫʿҡҡͷ
⼸컹֣Ѿǵڼˣһ˦Լβ
ô˵⼸ȥѪʿֹһ
ʹ֪ϢҲ벻⣬ѪϾͨڵĽݾȥҲǺġ
ͣѪ֮Уһͷϳž޽ǵʿʱһУ촦
Ѫ֮оȻּΪľ޽壬ֻͨǣһʿֳֳмĺһһ޽ϵĴʱʿС
˽ˣܵԶĿռ䲨ʿϲ¶һ˿Цݡ
Ѫˣ͸Χǳ֮һ
˳֮һѺطĿռ䡣
̶ֳȵ֮ǺҲˣ
ͣΧļͻȻ
ʲôһμٺˡ
ǶԷƲˣƣ͵Ļֱӱը˿
ҹһŭȣһֻ޴צ
һ˲䣬͵ؿھͱһⲨᴩ
ǿĴ͸ʹʧɫԷȻܹһᴩԼķ
˵ûпս׺۷гɵ͵Ѿǵˣ鱦Ҳ˺ۣ˵ǹᴩˣ
ǧܽ󣬳Ͳٱ
ɲǼ䣬ǧɽͬȳԲ֮ڶſֲĽâ°ɶᴩ
ûУüͷһ壬֮Ȼû˿ĵֿ
һôģȻʱ͵ؿѾԭȴȻ޷ǿֲһ
Сӣ㲻Ҫ⣡ˮͻȻ͵ԣħһ£
䣡ͻȻֵħõסĪֵĹ
֮Ͽֱֲӽħɡ
̶̵һ˲֮ڣҲӦʱ㿪һĺ
ͨĶλڣˮߵɫеѿ
һᷳ壡ºһ
ͨӵž˫Զ֮ĶǶһ
ͨȻž˫ȷʵʮֵûκԱ
˵֮ͨгΪߵҲԪӤڰˡ
óͨȴ辶Լ죬Ǿ˫ⶨλʿͷʹ
λڣܹͨյתΪҰǵ־ͷš
ֶڱϻûʲôôʵǿʿǵҲ޵ġ
Ƕͨ˵ⶨλܲģʹǸճͨ嶼ռԲ֮ڵԺɱһԪӤʿˡ
йӣһǿڴʱ򣬱ͻȻֵĶλڸˣᵤڶδﵽͨôնɱһǿߡ
Ӹոһǿͨռڶʱ֮ʩչ׵Ķλڡ
ոûħ͵ôһµĻ͵¾ֻʣ°ˣ
ʶļҲǧɣͶλڵʵ̫Զˣ޷ͨڣǶԷȴ׾ٵҵҹ
˻󣡡ͺһ
ûطʹĸоѻ
ܹҵͨڵĻȻܹ׵ĽնɱĹؼ޷ȷ
ֶλڲܳʱʹõģͨҲøΣ˵
üͷһ壬ֻΣҲܼ֣ΪʱпҪԲ֪ʲôطĹ
ôɹûУһʯɽ֮Уֻһڻ̸ཻš
ûУԷʵǿһζûгɹСһֻҡҡͷ
һλҾͲź䲻һ


736 ʯ
ֻһֻĶͻȻһȦȦһ˫գ
յԽԽ࣬һֻɫҲԽĲ԰ף
ͻȻ䣬һ˫䶶һ£Ҳһ˲䣬һֻ۾͵
䣡һɿֲͻȻ͵ͷ
ҿ͸ǶֱǶ֮С
䣡޴ĳֱǽ˵صװң
磬һֻСʵ
һֻ³һӦǻˣʧˣϲ¶һ˿Цݡ
ͨĶ֮УÿһﶼԼصǿƾ׼ȷϳκ
͵ѾʧˣҲζѾˣΪֻ˲Ųᷢġ
ǿȥռսƷˣС˷ܵĽ
˵ΪֵʱȥռսƷʱ
ζǿռܶĵҩǹ
ЩͨҪĶ˵ҩǾܸõˣԺʿȡһЩҪĶ
Ŷλֽ޽ֵѪ֮лĻǲ
ôֻһӣֻڸһȦûзʲôмֵĶ磬ǲĶλڵ̫ˣֱ˰СЩԹĿŴ
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һǴЩȷٻὫλڵӵ̶ֳȣ⼸Ѿܳܵļˣֲֿ֮µпܽ٣
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737 
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ֻҪڽ츳̫齣ʯĥԼĽġ
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ڽʿԣ۽ΪؼһԲܳκεĲʹǰһɽǿߣҲԥĳȥ


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ͻ˵ҪҲɱͷ鼶޻壬Ҳ԰۳Ѫ֮εķ˷ۡ
ã˵ģСһ￪СЦĿŴɺСֵܡ


739 Ϯ
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һֻк徳ʿʩչѧ֮ȻӲǷӳ˶ɽڲܹӵе֮£ͯ˲ʧء
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ͯӻҪʲôջû˵εһԡ
ȻͳŹ˵һ֣ô½ʱͲ֡
һޣҪĽΪˡ½޿ӡлӰ⾵Ȼ½޵һĿǻ
ʱĻΪҪĹؿڣеĽѾԽԽηģη壡
ʹԶʤԼĳѪ泱Ȼûÿһ̳һǰûκλأ
ңལҲһ̴ﵽ˴ɵľ磬һնѪ£
ģ͵ģһ۾ʱޱȵ


740 Ӱ̿
ڲϻгĹУĽıԽ
һӳ֮ںѪѻ
ǻҲԼĵļģģԼĽģ
ʿ˽ĲĽǿߣĻѾǿ˽ĵ֮С
Ժ徳ΪģĪ˵ʿ֮УʹǷҲǼΪˡ
ʹǱΪ񻰵Ľ죬ҲڻԲԼĽġ
ͽ񻰽ȣҲǲһСˣԿڽ֮ϵ츳Ƕô
һɣһΪֲÿһӳԲɶᱻգûһֱѪѻܹɵľ롣
Ѫ֮˽ģСһںڵĳɵ
һݣʹⳤؿڣȻû֣ⳤȻԸٶȴ
˼ͻȻӰһⳤǴһӰ֮С
·һӰ˻ĳһ㣡
ĳһΣһںڵĳ
ʿüͷһ塣
ӰһӰ彣޹ն
Ҳ˽ģ񲻽һ
ʿܹ֮ĵĿ˵һʹǺųһҲδġ
뽣֮һϵԷĽĸĸо䣡
Ӱ壬֮ҲǼΪ塣
˵ӰһǱڰ֮УǴǿҲ޷ҳ
ҵӰӦĵĹͰɡնٺһЦ
ûлشеĳֱӴȥ
ηġ벻һ徳ʿֽģһĳնֶʱһצΧѸپ£һֱӴ˻ؿڡ
üͷһ壬û˿ǵûбܿеǼ˼֣
ȻҪ͹նƴƿʹնȴ̵񣬵ȴ޷˲ͽɱĳȴֱӿ¹նԴ
ƴĴ򷨣
ηĵĽ޹ȻǲҪķӡնƺϵ˻ˣأ˫˳һ˦ס˻ʹ̡
ηĵʿޱȵ׺ݣĴ򷨡
ͬΪޣնҲòϣηĵʿΪѲġ
ʹлɱԷİգηĵĽ֮ǰˣͬھĽ
ηĵĴ߶֮£ֻԽսԽ£ʹ˶սʿȴֻţпԭʵȴնɱ
ηҵĿ־彣ģ˭ǿһأնٺһЦɫӰһλζ
ϣ˫ֲཻĽâڿըѣԲ˲㱻ֲĽâݻ١
һոĽľȻɶ
һɶһǰƶʱʩչеʱҲʧȥ˸ոֲֿ
ĽڲĽڲ
ϧˣһžҪˡնô˵˸о˷ܣΪݻһոĽŶ˷ܡ
ˣڽΪ֮ϣ˽֮ϣ
ηδز־彣ģһǸոɹһ֪˶֮꣬ĲɲһĴ󣬽ıնѹҲʲô˵飡
ӮΣЦһһʵķ˦ֶ
ãնտһöʵķʱɫ䣬Ͳǰһ廯ΪһӰ˺ڰ֮С
䣡ըѣֲĽâڴŰκδ⽣âΧĶȫ˷ĩ
Ϊ֮ĺ֮㣬񱳺ûһǿʦ˵ȥûš
ϱȻһЩ֮ǿķҲһˡ
Сز©ȴǿߵһն̾һ䡣
Ҳ֪նʲôֶζ㿪һöĿֲâʱյĿһöɵĿֲ
һ׵ĴӣΧһеĶһâ֮»Ϊ˳
͵ʦҲǿߣʹǿȻкܴĲ࣬˿ĺ̨Ҳ൱Ĳ
ҲǣܹģԻʱȻǱĳλǿ߿ء
֮ĻĿһۣȵҽȹ֮ʱұȻὫնڽ£һΰܸնˣǽ̫֪֮оͱնá
䣡ͻȻ䣬½ǰ⾵Ϥըѡ
ϧˣ½ҡҡͷѪ֮ж⾵ɲһ򵥵飬ܹôʱѾܲˡ
ǿ⼸֮˲ܹԸġһŮҡҡͷ
˵Ϊں徳磬еͨͷ̫࣬龳ҲѽãпܱǻɱŮ̾˿
½ʵǿǿѾܹͽ񻰽һϸµĵز
Σ
ʵǿҲǿλۣҲһֱѪ֮ˡ
龳ʿѪ֮˵Ҳ࣬˵Ҳ١
ҪɱǵȷǿΪǺпܸʿĴۡ
һʧʿѪ֮ҲǼΪġ
Ѫ˵ѾԳһ磬ǱϾǱȲһ磬ܹԴ൱޵ġ
Ѫ֮ǻܹͨնɱѪʿ䡣
񣬸ҽѪʿԽԽ٣ѪԴͲǹϷֵġ
½ǽͬҲΪ˸õĹϷѪ֮еԴ
½ǿҲܵеùѪ֮еǿߡ
ÿһʿ˵ǼΪԴʧһԽܡ
Ѫһʿʵе㳬ǵԤϣڽնɱ˼˾Ϊˡ
磬ǽŸɻǷŹ
½ҡҡͷûһϵԴ˶ʧ˼ˣôռԴпܱ˹Ϸ֣Сʧ󣬻
ҪϬڵĻһҲܹɨһ壡ŮӲʵĶ˶š
û취ǶҪظҩԣѪ֮еĸڡ½ҡҡͷ
ʵϣһϮʿǰ½¼ʵһģǿ߶ǲڸΪԴ
磬ÿҪĵԴɲһСĿڸֿҩԵػ½Ƿڵһλġ
ѪƺҲûд˵еôΣգ뵽
˵ȣѪȷΣˣǻûеܹǧĵزɡ
ͷƽƽ߳Ѫð̲ͣס˳
Ԥ֮ее㲻ϣЩ졣̲סЦ
ǰܹƽ߳ѪʲôãѵҪǻԼŰҲ̲סԼ䡣


741 
֮Ϳǰһ޴ĿɽЩ
û֮ΧѾʵʵ֮־ܴˡ
߾ĸ쵰ҵ֮
һڣɽ֮оʹһŭȡ
ɽǿߣüͷһ壬һɽ֮оȻжɽǿ
ʹ֪ɽ֮һɽڵǿߣȻûκεη塣
ֱ˲ռ˵ɽ֮е֮˵ĳ棬涼ӵ˳̶ȵ֮
磬֪ɽ֮Ļῼ뿪
Ѫ֮ֻҪĶҪ
ѲҪɱ㣿ɽ֮һδ˷ŭ
ɱңǾҪûʵˣʹһУ޾дӡֱӽɽ֮֮һööɾֱӱڵ֮˲
ҪͻˣʹЦһ
ͻƳΪڲһңڴɾĹע֮£ּͻơ
֮ǰ͵Ļʵ̫ۻ룬ھ绹ڶԵĸ֮϶ѾԶԶĿǰΪǷȱĽĻ۰ˡ
֮°빦ټһɽΧ֮Ĳ䣬ѾͻƵıԵ
Сӣɽ֮һ˽ħֱ
ħƣʿһ
ħƣľＸǷʿרñڿһ˽ħƵʱŻ˾ȡ
֮мټʿⲢζŷûˡ
ԼأеķʿʿҲųǷԱ˵ǶϾ
ЩʿҲ˽⻹ͣ½֮С
ϣ͵һצɫɷħֱӽһ˽ħƴѡ
ףеŵȻֽܿסүĽħƣɽ֮дǷʿľ
ԳƷүȷɽ֮еǷʿ
ϾķʿȻᱻؽѪ֮УҲ֪ʿʲôɻ顣
ǿͿһµĽħƲ˵ͷʿ϶һЩ巨֮ҲЩơ
ʿҪƴֻȡ衣
ˮһֱӽһ˽ħķɣ漴һɫˢһ˽ħֱ䵽͵Уһת⽵ħƱ㻯Ϊ˴ľ
С㾹ȻһٷүķүĲ㣡
֮Уһͺͷʿնʮԡ
üһʮӰһ渻УͿʿʮӵʱ̲סһ
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һٷүķ·һʿһ
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һ˽ħ˵ʲô˲õıޱȼӲҲнǧʱˣͨɽʿ˵⽵ħƷֺ
鱦ģͿĸʿʮ˿ӣǱ
ʿҪõӵļ΢΢ѵֺû᲻ץסĻֱǶԲסԼ
ǷʿֱĿԼʮ˿Ӷʱŭһֱˢ
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ͺ¿ȻҪȻԼ
ߣҵޱȼᶨССܹҡģһ׶ֱӴʿ֮С
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ʿȻЩŵʶѾǼΪˣͺ¿ϾȻʶš
ʶ֮гֵһׯޱȣʹ͵ľ׶޷һӷֺ
ôã˭Ҳ֪Щͺ¿ŪʲôͨҲһʶžһ֮ҲӵУ˲һССĶɽʿϾȻӵ˱ķš
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죡һ
ͽɫķȻײһ
ϣͳһӣһеϵɻ꽣ǲѡ
ǿķͿʮ˿ӵʱǳȡ
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һһ磬һһүʮ˿Ӿʮһ֮Ҳͼͷ࿹⣡ʿЦһ
ӾһС磬ÿһ֮жǧǧ飬ЩϵоÿһܲķޱȵĿֲڻķ֮£ʿӴ󲿷ֵĹ
Խǿ͵õ˼ҲԽᶨ
ʮ˿鼶ӣ˯ȻܹѣˣʵȻ
ү·ʿЦʮ˿ڿͷź嫷⣡
ѹˣͺ¿ҪԷĺ֮ӲĽѹ
һ
ǧܽ𣡡ʹһ
˲䣬ǧɽ˺⣡
ãջ壡ʿ󾪣ӷ֮гȡķһŽջסȫ
Ͳ࣬ҿɲǰСͺһһ£ɫצֱӽһŽ˺ѣһɫĳ϶ֱӴͺ¿ؿڡ
Ƕɽǿߣһһӡ
ͺ¿Ȼޱǿķ⻤סȫħ޷ȡ˿֮
ؿһ˿ڣʿиǾ
Ͱеӣܲķϧ÷ˣ̫Ͱɡ
СүүԲġһʿ˵
ŶôͿֶˣͳһᡣ
ʿͷһеһƽƽ棬Ǹոȴ˺ʮ˷۳ķ
ʿ֪ͽʩչǧܽɵĻӶҪˡ
СӣţţүһġͻȻʿʧˣ
ˣҲһ㶡
ոջ˵Ҫͺÿģתͷˣʿʵǡ
ˣùһɽܹ֮ôǿ֮ȻбͺٺһЦһֱӴ˽ȥ
Ȼûɵֱӱ˼ϳôҲ󣬵̽·ǲ
дɾδڳСɾѾȷ˵
ɾһ㶡
ֻɾͲĵʵ
ɲ˷ۣɾ
ܹ֮õɾûм͵ʦ컹ûݳ޵ֵز
˻ʵӶˣ֮ҲͿ֪ˡ


742 ־֮
Ҳܹ֮ͣʹ޾дӡ֮۳ɾ
޾дӡ۳ɾ˵ȲЩɳģЧҲǰ˾Ųʮ
Ҿ޾дӡ֮͸Ϊˣٶ֮İٱ
һɽ֮֮Ũ̶ѾǳԽֽ飬ҪôɽһҪôɽ֮ʲôĵر
һԭͶװ״
޾дӡӹ֮㱻ۣγһͷ­Сɾ
ۣ֮лҪˬСӻţһſɾֱӱ̽˶
ɾķʽҲĽû˼ôõںͳĽҲûá
裡Ѱָ֮£һ˸ɽڣһҵ裡
˵֮ǰķʿռɽܳһʱ䣬ֲص֮衣
⻹ǱͣѰָͿ˵ǲѴ֮ͽһŪˡ
ʿȴͽһ갵֮ϡ
ڵһ࣬ʮ˿֮һöɢ΢ڲϵΧǻķ
ʮöӾζʮܹķֱġ
ԽֵԽ࣬һСˮˡ
һȫ֮УǼСһҲС֮УʡȥĿ๦
Ƿʿ˿֪Լڵľһ⣬ңջô裬ֵۡ
ǰнƣǰ̽·ͻȻʧˣҲ˾
һʿôʱ䣬ɽ֮вһЩ󷨵Ҳʵ˵ȥ
ǽɽôãȴʼûʲô
ڿʿûýƣǽΪҪĵط
ǰʲôͿɡ
ɶ䲻϶š
ʲôҴûҡҡͷ
ȳ棬ȥͻȻӰ˳ͨ˽ȥ
ȳһУǰڳһ
ͳսףҽ۸󲽿˽ȥ
ۣһĵɫĻ֮Уһڴĳš
֮ԴͷȻĻ֮У
ʲôͿ޵ʱһ㶡
˻ֻǿһ㵭ɫĹĻѾʼˡ
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ǿĽƣͺ¿ıŪôǿ󷨣вЩƣͺ¿ôҲǾͨ󷨵ӡ
˵Щ裬ǻûܹƽּĳ̶ȡ
е׷ˣĻƽ˰ɡ͸̾һ
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ˣ͵һָҵķΧװ֮С
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׷׷ܷͻƵĹؼĺһ
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ҲİҪݣӦһηҲģҲģţֲķѪȻѪʼ
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͵ĽűͻȻһĨڡ
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׻٣ûеطѵĻ˵Ǳɣ
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׻ʽһ
ǧ׻ʽֱͦͦĻ͵Χһ׵о׻ʽǵû˺׻ʽֺǰ׻Ѹٳɳ
ǰ׻ǳͰˣǶûв˵Ǻϵˡ
׵֮׻龹Ȼʼǣ֮佨һ˿ϵ
ȷǴϵ֮ʹѪ֮ϣȴʿ˴ֱ
ͨǻˣµں־Ī˵ˣǰһǶǳԲ
Ǹոճ͵׻ûбһò˵һ漣
Ȼܹס̺ð־Сһķǲס۹֮дһ
īһ𣺡Ȼ˳ס˻ð۵־֮ף
⵹ǺīһءЦ˵
ڳ֮УҲֻī֮ͨгס˻ð۵־֮ףűðۿС
֮оȻд˵ʿīҲЩš
䣡һ˾׻ʽ
֨ѽ׻ͻȻʹİ
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꣡һ׵û˾׻ʽ赲ֱ͡
ۣ͵ͺһɫķ˲佫׵ա
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Ϊ׵Ҳûʲô˵ģ׵֮оȻ̺żΪǿ־һ˿־ͬ׵һ͵ʶ֮Ű
ѹʹһǿʶֱǽһ־ˡ


743 
öһ˿־֮;ȻԼԵĸǿ˲٣
׵̺֮һ˿־ȻӶԵĸ
߱ǸԽ࣬Խɡ
Ȼ죬Ϊ֮ǰѾ㹻ǷȱĽĻۡ
ԺҪôǲܵˣ֮·һһӡûκλɿԵġ
ĺãһ׵£ʹϲ
ֺö˭Ӷģ
ͣһһѪ˳
һ̺־Ҫ֮ǰǿ̫ˣһγش͵ꡣ
͵Ͼǿһγڻɢ
ʶѹһ־һһĥһյ֮ǽһ־
־̫ǿĿǰʵ޷̫࣡ͶԴеϧ
ֻҪܹסһ־ĳԼպǴкô
䣡ڣ׵֮оȻ˻档
ס͵ϣܿһ׻
׻𻹺˵ؼһ׻̺֮ǿ־ֻҪ͸ҽӣôһ̾ͻһʬ塣
һ׻̺֮Ŀֲ־
īǲ˲һ㡣۹֮һλҡҡͷ
īӲǳס׻־һ׻־޷ܣȻ̫֮Զˣ
˵֮ǰıһλǰһǴʧ
ΪһӣҲһɳ
Ҳ֪˵زܶһǧ֮УҲǱɡ
Ѫĺ֮˿ֳˡ
һ󷨼ӳֵɽ֮У͵Щء
ڸոգĿһ鼶ʿһ׻У˲
Ѫ֮УвЩûļܵʿ³ֻһ
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ÿ¶ôһΣ½ڿУ׻һ
½޵·ʿֲĿա
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ţͻȻһɽеˣ
ط֮𣡡ҽһ壬ɺСɾͷһɽ
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徳˵һˮ룬˺徳֮󣬼ʹʿҲӵнԪ
ʹԪľҲζҪΪһg
徳ϣԪľ֮ʱػӦԪ١
ȹˣһǧԪɲǱǳȥ
Ϻ徳ʿֻҪܹһδεĶȹԪ٣Ǳ
ҲֻϰˣԪһαһǿһºʿһεԪٶ޷ȹһЩʵǿܶȹΣܹȹεȴ֮١
ȻһҲʵȥȡ
ЩڣΪҪðսΣصѪ
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䣡ɷħֱӽһͷ޵ͷ­飬˵Ѫֱ͵֮С
ԺͶɽٳڵǿ߿⣬ҲǷ˲ٵĹŽһͷնɱ
ֽһͷػŲƽ֮͵Ӱһʧˡ
е㱾¡ðۿԺ徳ɱɽʿĺ޵ʱ򵭵˵һ䡣
Դʩչɫ֮֮ϵ׾ͶͲŨȤ
ѹˣһֻɫצһͷɽٳڵѹ˵ϣǴϢѹƵġ
޾дӡһģʬʱήȥȫѪ֮һͷıȻҲ͵Ŀڴ֮С
֮ѾѪۣ
˵һתϵѪȻԻ⡣
ϵѪȻѾתΪʵ壬ɱ¾ȷǹˣͿżγһ׵Ѫҡҡͷ
Ѫ֮ѪۼϣɱԽѪҲԽء
ʵϣ϶ѾһصѪ֮ס
֮ҲǶؿڣЩֲǿһǾͻ
ЩԵֿǿߣǶǺԥѡӱܡ
֮䣬ͷ·ǿѪĳڡ
Ǿǳڣǰһ
Ѫ֮Ѿ֮࣬ǻ͵ʵ췭ظı仯
Ȼ绹Ǹ磬͵սȴڵȫһл֮ǰԼ
޾ɱ¾֮жģԵǻϵǱ˳
ѾǸˡð۵˵
͵ʵ֮лǿģǳɳȴһǻð۶òСǲ
ϧѪһ;Ѫѹءð۵еˡ
ѪѪ׼֮Ѫ׼ֻ˲ܴͨ۹ĵ·
۵زأ㵹Ŀ죡һô֮ϵ׿ųֵĶۺеĺһ
һؿصģҲ١۵زغٺһЦ
Смֱ£ȻľۼѪҺܹزҲһЩȵġ
۵زҲǵ˵ͷ׷ɱСԺ
˵СԺԺģͨһ㶼˵ǿ
ֻһɵʿȴӲøڹһ㣬ʹԶɽڵǿߵĺҲܰȻ
˾ʣˡЩп
ϼһò⡣۵زغһ
ڼٵѪ۵زغǲм
Ѫ֮е˷·ҲǲˣԼͬĳͬһǰ
ˣ׺һ
ѪʹԶܿ
ѪڿнţһΪֲѪֱ
˷ܵĿѾͨǱǰ۹ΨһڣֻҪһͨǾͰȫˣͿԺѪ˵ټˡ
ȴûһжǿһͨ
СһǣȻǲҾһ̣״Цһһ
ηһӭһâնȥһǰ
µĥ£Ѿȹ̣ڵӵηġ
䣡â飬׵ĽâֱӺ˻ؿ֮ϣһѪ֮֮ϡ
Ѫ֮һ䶯ֲޱȵĽâȻѪ֮׸ˡ
ʼˣ׺һ
ѪѪһڿʼˣ


748 
ѪҺѾںһһѪ֮׺ѹƣҲǶԽ뵽Ѫ׶ʿһֽ
ûһѪ֮׵Ļ켶ţ׺Ͷ۵زҲ·һ
ⲢζѪ֮ǾͿԸˡ
ǰεѪ֮УҲмѪ֮ףѪ֮׵ķҪǵҪǿϺܶࡣ
׺Ͷ۵زȻǽ⼸նɱɹĻ
㲻ս֮ǿģܹܶ۵زغ׵ļʲǺܴ
Ѫأ֮пѡκһ˽еӮ˱Խ۹׿˿֮һѪɫڡ
Ȼû˵˵³ȴѪ˾·һ
ƽһ
۵زأҪս㣡ƽָָ۵زء
ӻҪǽǿߣû˻ҪһǿΪУƽѡ˿ԽĶ۵زء
ÿһζˣѵҶ۵زؾ˵Ĳ𣿡۵ز΢΢һЦһضɽҡ
ÿֲѹ۵زصʲôεģǴڵǿҲ˰ɡа
⽫µɱ¾֮ҲѪĹ򣬶ѪҲһβ²⡣
ʼնһ⣬Ǳ׺Ͷ۵زصʲôεʿ
䣡һûмķֱѹƽѪֱ֮ӱһ飬ƽһûмסͳ׷ˡ
ƽ
ôܣͼһ
Ѫ֮׵ķĿãƽҲ˿˰ɡ
ǿʵ̫ǿˣ
޾£λѪҲʣλˡ
ʣµλȴλѪ֮ʵΪǿħף۵زء
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˭һεս߾˵Ĳ𣿡׺һ
͵һ׻ʽС
۵زأҲѡ˶۵زأף͸ԸԶ۵زء
һģ۵زغٺЦһ
ɣһķһγֲ֣һѹ
ƽ֮£ôû׼
ɷħ֣һֻɫצֱӭһķࡣ
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סˣһ
ɷħֵסһѹ
ǧǧۣһҲ¶ݡ
۵زغٺһЦΪסҷѹΪܹ߳
һɱ۵زصЦһ䣬ɲǼһ˿˿ͬһֱӺ͵ꡣ
ʶǱյľ׶Ľ֪Ҫ߳˶ٸΡ
û˿ֻҪͱЩˣǾǻɢɡ
ɹ͵ͺһһޱȿĻϵɹֱ
飡ʶȫ˻ɹΧķ֮ϡ
ʶѣȻֱӽɹΧķˣ
ÿֲʶɹ֮еҲһ£۵ززС
ʵ𣿶۵زֵĻͽɹҾһսɹ֮д͵
ߣÿСΪ½ƾͿԻ𣿡۵زЦһ
ھԵʵǰκεİϷǿ̸֮ʵʵ̫ˣͲȡʲôֶΣûκεļɵ
ϻܹɱ󣬵ȴûа취в֮е
ɱ۵زų˻ɹ֮С
ɹΧ춼ϻûκεãֱӱ۵زس˽
ϴ󣡡ڶ۵زسɹһɲǣ;Ϳ˽ϴ
ɹ֮ڵʱɢ
󷨣Ȼܹ۵زذ̾һȴû˿ĵǣû֧ڵҲɱˡ
ѪʲôͿŶ۵زء
˼ͷ˾ȻȤ۵زغٺһЦ
£
£ʲôƾ㣿۵زشŭһʵԶԶԼС˵£۵زطŭˡ
ΪʲôҸңһЦ
СûõģܻҵĻҳȻܹ֪ʲôѪ۵زغһΪôϹᱻһССļƭ
֣صĵ˵ͷȷһ⣡
㡭۵زصһȭ˳ȥʹû֧֣һֻɫȭͷƲɵ
ϣұһ˦һֱӴɫȭͷ֮ϡ
⣡ͽ˼ôһײұ۾Ѿˡ
۵زصʵѾϴһȭֻȫʢʱڵɣǽӲס
ʳָһ㣬ĸϺڹһͬһڵ˶۵زء
ʵߣϱǲ٣Ϊ̫ˣӲⷨ۵زһЦһƾͽĸĵһߡ
۵زڵʱͱһ㡣
ù죬ȻܹӶڵ۵زеľ
ɹûκĲ䣬ҿ㻹ֶܼãɲǼǧɽӿ
ǧܽеһʽɨϣǧâڿۣŶ۵زնȥ
Сӣ쿪ˣһķһγ֣ǧǧֱۣӵһâ
ǧܽĽеȷǾףǶ۵زҲʵԶ͵ĸ֣ɽǿ߶ܱնɱĽâȴӲĵ¡
һЦĿѾﵽˣĶ۵زڵֻҪľֻ·һ
ҪֳһķҪķѵԲһ㣬Ƕ۵زû֧ŵҲܶʹá
Ҫƿɹ練ƣ۵زغһ
֪ԼӲӲģѾ̫Ŀˡ
Ķ̫ˣܹķûмġ
ȥпܱɱ
ȻطĻпܽҲɱһһ
Ƕ۵زȴôһһʵ̫ɵˣҪ͵ıĶࡣ
𣿿ϧڽɹʱѾעˣҡҡͷ
ƾһɹȻûʲôܹס۵زأټһĻǾһʧˡ
ֻǰһ䣬ոջڻɹ֮ڵĶ۵زؾȻԼһ̶֮ϡ
ǣ۵زһ㶣ҲҲûô󰡣⺮˫Ȫֵһˡ
ͣͻȻһӰڶ۵زǰʶĶ۵زһҪӰץס
¡ͻȻ䣬۵زĴŹرˣ
۵زصΪһԿɣֱǿ֮С
ˣڸ֮ͺһ
ºͺˮҲǵ˵ͷ۵زش˸¥֮п˵Ǳˡ
ǰһӰͻȻΪһŻ棬۵زﻹ֪Լϵˣһ߷ȻͽԼƭˣ


749 
һסҡ˵͵ļıǶ۵زȴһ㶼ġ
ΪѾܹΧֻҪ֧ţͲȡʲôֵֶܹ
һѣʵ鱦δסһͨĴԷδҲ̫쿪ˡ
֮ת˼Ȧ۵ززûзʲô쳣Ҳûʲôƺͷ󣬿ƺһͨĴ
Сѵʱˣ۵زͻȻ뵽ֿܣһȭ˴֮ϡ
飡һӰصײɫǽ֮ϡ
ɵӣһ죬̲סһ䡣
Ȼ֪¥ʲôƳɵģǾǼӲޱȣ鱦Ҳ޷ǽ֮һ˺ۡ
иоԼ¥ӲӲĻ𻵵ĺпԼ
۵زؾȻѪ֮һ¥ӲӲʵɵӲеΪ
ʹ۵زǷ֮һǿߣ֮ҲŲ͵裬ǺǽӲӲͳ˴
ܣзڽջ壬ôˣ۵زز˼ĿԼ֣ոһѾұ۳΢ѡ
һҲѪˣõɾͶȥ˰ɡ¿˿ڷ´͡
һʮɾȫǽ֮Уһ۵زҪǲĻҸգ˫ۺһ
һʮɾû뵽ôУЩ޾дӡҲûðµһЦ
ӵ˵Ҫɼ֮һˡ
ʮɾ˵һƷƷ֮䣬˶Ҳͨʿܹõóġ
磬ʯܶ࣬ǼƷʯҲܳɾͲһˣÿһɾɾΪޣǴҪԴ
˵ҲΪľۼ֮۳ɾַ̫ߣķѵѵõرɾ綼ϡȱԴ
һʮɾŵܹʱٵٱˡЩ档
֪Ҳ֪˿ֲʱ٣˲ܰԪľӦʱ䶼ûС
ϲʲô壬ȥʱˣȻģԪδҲֲ̫һɡЩĿŸ¥
ҡҡͷΪΣԪ¶ʮˣʱ֮ڿ»
ͺ˿ģǽ֮дôɾʱѾǵһΪֲĳ̶ȣ۵زǧҲ·һ
֮пɲԪ£ֻҪĿǰԪľ۵زǱɵġ
ʱ󣬶۵ززʶڣ
۵زز˼ĿԼ塣
ڵȻͬˮһߣٶ֮쳬
ܣһоŰԪҲô˥ϵġ۵زǾ
⵽ʲôطҳȥҳȥ۵زغˣ˱λ۾нͶ뵽Ѫ֮У۵زʷһθе˺¡
ʧٶ̫ˣÿһ֮䶼ԪʧҲ޷̫á
ڼˣҲζԪˡ³һ
˵ɣͺһ
ԭֱӽ۵زӵǹĺɫ򣬺뻹ЩףϾ۵زصʵ̫ǿˣֵܹסǺɫĻôһʱɱԼˡ
;۵ز¥֮Уʱٵķʽ۵زػĺ
ϾʵǿԪľĻҲֻ·һ
Ϊ˶۵زһΣڶ֮УҪԪľǲܵ顣
ȴôһӵʱ٣ͬʱܸԪٵ£Ҳ͵˶۵زԪľ֮ʱͲͨԪԪȴֻ·һ
һ죬۵زһ֮ãԪľˣ
ڿռ֮ѸٵĸΪһɫķĩ
ˣ۵زˣͻȻ䣬۹𶯡
۵زأλѪ֮ڶǿߣɱ֮еţʹͨѪλͳѪһصʱ򶼱ܿ˶۵زأ۵زصʵʵ̫ǿˣһηѡʵ֮ǿѾܻܵˡ
ףû˸ѡħĻһһС綼ڻ£ĴҲֻ۲ܶԸЩѪĺ󱲣⽣ħֻ·һ
ôܣ۵زؾȻˣðһ
𾪵ǣȻ޷֪۵زģںδ˭ɱġ
Ѫλ۵ƿ֮УƤӵȴ˲ƿ֮ڵ飬Ǻεȵķ̰
ѵǽħɱ˶۵زأðҲֻ뵽ˡ
Ѫ֮Ҳֻнħײʵܹɱ۵زˣ
ûɣûɰħΪҪɱ۵زأð벻ͨ
ˣڵ֮˶ʮֻɻȥֱ֮̽һ
ʮɾܲʱٳʵ̫ˣͶҽУֻɻһֻһֻĽ̽
֮бֻʣһŽӲӵӣһö͹ӵĴָ
ڶ۵زĴﱦȫʱ֮лٻЩıҲȫռ֮С
ӺʹָȻܹסʱ٣ȻǷ
һŲ֪ʲôӣһöطӡĴָ
էһ͵ջܴ󣬵ܹõõȴһҲûС
ۣ׼뿪ʱ򣬶۵زһɫķĩȻ͵֮У
ˣãʹ󾪡
ɫķĩ͵Ƥë֮У͵ÿһѪҺ֮С
û£ԼĪʱͲûзԼʲô쳣Щ˼ĿԼ塣
ûʲô仯ɫķĩƺǷĩûжκεĸı䡣
ɻ飬ٽɹ
ˣħ۾һͻ
һսôñѾܹˣǵӻɹ֮߳ĲǶĿزأȻ͵ʱ·Ǽһ㡣
ɱħ̲סʵ
ˣ͵ĵ˵ͷ
㡭ΰ쵽ģ
Ҫ𣿷ɱ͵һЦǸڣ֪һҪ뿪Ѫˡ
һѪͽɡ֮дһ̾Ϣ
ðۣħüͷһ塣
ħѪ֮Ѿˣ֮д˻ð۵
ǧʮǧʮꡣħĺһ
˭Ѫ֮н궼л
һˣˣҲˣðҡҡͷ
˽׹ؽѪʱ˵ֻҪܼ겻ôػɡ
ǽѪ֮еս߻ǱؽѪ֮еʿ޷ɱ˽ħôٹȥҲûʲôˡ
Ѻ˾ǧ꣬⽣ħĳͷѾˣ


750 
ߣҽħҪ˵һһ꣬ҽħԲһ꣡һ𳤽½һʱʧǵ֮С
Ѫʧˣð۲࿴ͼۡ
͵ǱȻӣǾѪɹкܴһξ롣
۵زѪ֮ʵڽħףһѪܹǱֱͻ鼸ǰ϶顣
ϣðȴûпʲôѪɹļ
ǻðҲ벻ڻɹ֮ж̶̵ļգڲ֮Ѿǹȥꡣ
۵زǿʬھ˽ʱ֮ʣ¶ٵͻܹվѾˡ
ΪͨѪĽ԰λ¡֮һ˻ð۵
Ҳܰ£Ҳһ㶡
ѪĹأ壬ֻҪѪôҲһͬʣð۵˵
һλΪʦǺջΪʦôԸ⣬λԶΪʦ
ҿɲҪѧϰͨԥһᡣ
ԣ
ƽҪȫ׵ģͺԥ˵ԼҪġ
ƽǿ巨ţ͵ֵĽǰĲ㣬Ҳڶ㣬ںֻ۲ʸڡ
¡޾֮һɫĹֱ¡
۵־һ顣
͵Ժ֮гһɬѶ֣ʹͽӴƽȴЩ⡣
ǰĲķţǺƺ漰һЩĶ
иоǡƽܹΪһ巨ŵĹؼڡ
;粻Ҳ޷ľڣֻʱƽǰĲɹ֮ĥҲ١
СԺЩ⣬֮巨Ų٣αҪԶķţ
һҲʣСԺͣСԺжˡ
֪ǿǵˣ΢΢̾˿
֪ѾǰȥˣǸʬ˵Ƕѻɽ
һҲǺܣƾΧĴȻӲǵֵסʮΧηϮȫѹЩڴ
ǿߵٶ̫ˡһеĹؼ
ڴһඥǿ֮ûа취ʮ忹⣬ں嵽ɽ׶εǿߣһȴȫѷɫʮ塣
ǧʱ⣬֮ʳɫֻҪǧʱɳΪһʿ
һЩ壬Ȼӵк鼶ʵǹȥҲֻ֮ͣϡ
꣬ǿˣ
ȵǷǴ弴ǰϢ֮󣬵˲һ
ܹЩʱ֮кʮƴòȫǿһʱ֮ǳóȥĻԿһ
İæȫһˣȫԻʮˡ
ǽ˻ЩЩ˵һֵ֮УһεʧȷǴˡ
Ϣһ°ɣһɵĺܲǾԲǵġ΢΢̾˿
ͽˡ˳䲿
صԼĶ֮ͱ㿪ʼչء
һѪ֮ջķᣬǸַҩŪһѣѩ֥Ļˡһͨѩ׵֥ҲֱӽһѪ֥Խĺ֮С
ͨ鱦Ҳа鱦һûС
Ҳǣ鱦󣬾λԼòҲװױѪ֮Щġ
귨ȻЩţܹΪṩһټ鱦ࡣ
ʹһţķֱӱ˽ȥ
ʹټ鱦֮ҵҲӦܹˣ
ͳͳɡʮָټ鱦ʱͻΪ˴ķͳͳˡ
ڰ˫۴ȫˣҲ¶һ˿ϲɫһ뵽֮Ҫķ;һĿˡ
ˣ֮ͻȻǿķ⣬һ쳹顣
ˣʹϲ
ʮ˿鼶ӣǻָԪˡ
ӷ𣡡ţϹһ˿ʿе΢Ц
͵һЦˣ
˵ͷ˯꣬ǻָ֮Ҹоҵķˡ
ںʮ˿鼶ӣȻҪ֮ǰǿ
ҲԶˣһ߻ѣ͵ʵֻһ
֮ͳڣֲϢϿջۡ
ǿϢѵҪΪɽǿˣʿ֮𽥻Ŀֲв²⡣
飡۵֮ʱЩͻȻˣ
ʧˣüͷһ塣
ƿޱӲʵƿĿǰʵƺ޷һƿ
Ͻ⣬һһվ͵ߡ
ĸ̫ͻƵѶʿʮҪͻѣѣѣ˵
һ֮ǰڴĽ֮Ҳ˹ΪǾһǧ̶һΪ˺ڡ
ͶԴҲΪΣԼǰͻΪ̫Բܴ죬ΪԼ̫ʵͻѶ
һʱ侧ԼʱѾ׼ˣѶȻǳԤϡ
ΣΣҡҡͷһʱԼûа취ͻˡ
ͽһͶĽơ
ʦôǲ̫ˣͿ֮ϵ֮Ҳɫˡ
쵭ĿһۣǷҪǷ̫ˣ
ȻѾѪȣҪһ峹ʱĻЩ
ܿʧˣΪˣԷѾ򵽼ſˣֻһζķվǳ֮ơ
ΪһĽ֮ѡһ׹һ鱦콫һ򽻸͡
һ֮ϸļǱ֮еֻҪͿеԵȡ
һνӴǱ⣬Ҳбŵˡ
˪һʮ˪ΪһԲԾᣬһֵԵ㣡
һ׽ȻҪԵ㣬Ҳһ
׬ȡԵٶҲʮԵҲǻµĹ
һ׽ҪԵ㣬δҲ̫ˡ
ţߵֻԵ㣿Щɻ
쿴Ǳ鲻ЦһҲֻȼȻ㻹Ϊƾѡȡһˣ


751 
һǰ˵ҲһʹһиʮԵѾǳˡ
һȽ⣬ټʹѪ齫͵ĽԵ㡣
Եէһƺܶ࣬Ҳһ΢ǿ鱦ļ۸
Ǳ֮ǧԵıﶼУ;ͽΪһͿѡһĻƴƴ׬ȡԵʿô
Ե㣬ѡʱŽķΧС
һ̫ʱķ鵤ĵһ鵤úʿͻƵļɣĿǰͻƺ徳ǿĵҩˡ
ͬʱһŷ鵤ĵҲʺ͵ģĿǰں徳Բζ޷һƿһ鵤ͿԴεľأͳΪһʿ
ⷴ鵤Ĳ֮ҲԣֻʹһΣһͻƵǾһǴ
ڶƷһ˻Ƶķ̺˻һ֮
˵ֻ˻ʵ֮˻ʵһǵУʹܹ֮˻һʿҲ࣬һŷ˻ʵİæؼʱȫܼһġ
һ˻ʷȱҲԣֻֻͬʹһΡ
Ʒһ̣ڶǿߵļûϳʲô
ǾһʱҲҳ̵һ˿ô
Ҳķ֣һЩϵʿڿ̵ʱڵĪߡ
żȻ̵Ĺ֮ǵʿҲо˺ܾá
ֻ֣Ҫһ׵֮󣬱һķģûʶַģҲǵó۾ûһо
֮еıܶ࣬һ֮ϻ̫ʱ䡣
ͻѡҲȫɣԼĹ׻ΪԼĻҲϵ
һ׵Ӧ̣Ҳһɡ
ڹͷԵ׶֮ڣͻûʲôܹϵġ
ѾˣҶ֮жǶĹ
Ҳˣһ׻ʽ鱦
׻ʽ˵һոγ鱦ǧ֮ܽһЩ鱦Ҫǿ
һͶ鱦˺ܶ࣬һһЩıһЩͳ͵Ҫѡ
˼ѡһϵ̡
ĶУͻ˵ֻǺ徳磬սȴȫ鼶ģǶɽٳڵǿҲδܹʤ
㲻ǵһѡ̵ģǰ漸˶ӵ˰֮ȫ˻һԵ㣬ȷ㿼ˣʵ
ͱϾĵӣԵȻ㲻ʲôĿǶεʿ˵Ҫ׬Ե㻹ҪѴʱġ
ǰ漸һ̵ʿûоʲôصĵطҲпͬһװ˷ԵʧҲˣʮ컹̲סһ¡
͵˵ͷѾˣҾҪˡ
Եܶ
ȻᣬֻҪԸһóԶԵĶǰƷҩܶѳһСɽˡ
ãΪʦҲ˵ʲôе֮󣬵ųһ
ԼĪһյĹһ񼶱ĵһĥ̴С̽䲿֮С
һˣ͵־һ̡
սӴһ̣ڵϵ֮ͬˮһӿӿһ̡
е˼;Ȼ֮ڴ洢˲
Ӧǰȥġ뵽
һƽһ𿪣ʧź˲١
һϵ̾ҪԵ㣬ôͳԿˡ
ȴûжٺڣոЩѾһˣЩͬţ뺣һ㣬֮ڵϵҲûʲôԵ͵ͻ൱ʮ徳ʿܺͣ鼶ǿҲǺѷɫ
˻䵽֮оȻûзһ˿Ĳֻ˵ܹɵϵʵ̫ˡ
Ҳѹ⾭˼֮֮ڲֻôһϵ
ǰû̹ԲŲòˡ
Ͳͬȫ
֮вӲףϵ֮һķ񣬿˵ȱľϵˣֻҪϵ֮һҪķһ˿һɽˡ
ú׼׼ɣһ֮һĿɽһһݵ㣡˵
ɽһġ͵˵ͷ
ʯ׷ɱ˵ǳһ͵ʵȵҪǿ̫ˣʯҲȫܹܡ
ңҲɽһ֮һСݵˣһ˵ʵȫѹȥ
һжĻǧ鼶ǿߣЩ˵Ϯʮĺ󷽣Һ󷽣ܵǵ
岻ͬ࣬ܺޣһһĻ֮ںֲհס
һ˵ģǵĺնɱ͵ǶǵĸǾ޷ˡ
һбǸ׳нЩ彫Ͷ뵽ǰߵʱȥͻϮǵĴ󷽡
֮ڴģսڻ֮£жʿֳʮ뿪ǣһ֪
ɽһɽʿܹͰɽʿΪһ壬ǲ
ɽһ֮Ҳ㲻ʲô壬֮ȱܹһǿߣҲǺһεǿߡ
ҪϮǸݵ㣬ֻаˣʵǿĽͷɽʿΪҲֻڣ͵ʵȫǿѹġ
ͻϮһ˲ͽˣͽǶᦣǧ˲ͽɽʿֱ꣬Ͷ֮С
֮лǵ˵ǽ˲٣ǾѪĴ֮ʣµʵһ˿ɱ䣬Լʹǵˣᦵǿ˲١
Щʵ鼶ҵɽʿĵֿ
һݵɽ彨ĳˣ
⸽һĿֻ꣬ҪһУɽͻʧʮ֮һ˿ڡ
һеķҲֻܱɽǿߣͻʲôв
Ҫһжƺе̫ˣҲ͵ʵǲ̫˵ԭ
֮ҪõıǸ֮ʡ
ܹҪģɽӹǵһ̾Ӧûϵôһ죬ֻû뵽һĻ˵Ŀ졣
¡ͻȻһΧ˹һͷͷǺХţ˳֮Уɻ꣡
ͻĹж˻֮У
η徳ʿһͷͷɽʿס˷ɽĻǡ
࣡ͻȻһɽʿԴһߣûе༸ʿӦϱֶ˼ͷ­


752 ɨ
徳ʿȻ͸ֵǧǣֻ˵ǲ֪
ͽǶһ˿콣徳ɽˡ
һɽʿպǧսһսѾ˰Ȼ״̬
ڹ㳡ĽǴȴһɽϥڵϡǻ֮ƣеĵףһ˼֮ɫе˫ĿԲųǽϿЩǡ
һɨ£΢΢һݵģȴһַϥϣ˫Ŀգɫ΢ϵɽ󺺡
һͨĻɫۣƫƫһڲ֪СһɫƤţ¶ֳڰѱھֱȴ󺺱Ҫ߳һȥȥ֮
Ͷ࿴Է۵ģȴɽɢһ·֮ĵѪ⣬һ֮ɷ
ͫ׺һ붼ڷȻƮȥžеɽȻҪ鷳һ£Ĵ䲻ȽԷһɱȻٴݶԸ˵˼
͸ոտ㳡ң󺺱ϵľоȻ𣬾бֱָڵķ
Ҳ˫Ŀһͫнƴâһ֣һһץ
оͲ֪ôһ³Уһ֮£ƤѶоͻΪһɺ쫷磬ǰɨȥڷС¡¡֮һͷצް㣬ƾ쳣
ɫһ䣬аһùȻ˼亱ԶԤķ
ַΪҲ鱦ģп鱦
һһֶͬʱֱһ̧һַתȻһɫӭźɫ쫷΢΢һΡӰӿڽУ۳һ޴Ӱ׵һ¡
䡱һ춯صľ췢ͺڷͬʱѶĽ䣬׻ʽһڰŰУɲǼײһ߱ĺ֣ɢž˵ѹ֮һʱֲ¡
һֻƣȴһģɷħֺХſֲɷûвӰ
һ̣ͷռ䲨һһߵĺɫɽƾո֣ڵһҶ¡
ףһȻɽһ˿ݡϸһ˿Цһ£ĮȻðһŨŨѪɫɷЩɷһ֮󣬻ûһֻѪָ֣һŵֱɷħֶȥ
һ죡ָɷħ޵ײһӴ£Ȼһϳֲ֧֮״ȻɷħֵķҲɽԤϵġ
ɫһ䣬Ȼվ˵غݺݳͷһȭȥһѪɫȭͷпһ£û˿еѪɫС
ʱѪֱ澧ӨѪâһתһ¿ָһָ⴦ֳһѪɫһת£ĿӿѪɫ֣潫ɷħסˣ䲻׹ȥ
ˮ˼£εһתѪɫɷʱ˷ɾȥ˲γһ޴ѪʵʵػС
ҲѾʶֲͨĴڣô˻ɿ쳯ͬȥͬʱЩ죬ΪεڻԮ֡
һ£Ϊ֮һˡֻ֪ʱƤԼߺϿٵɽˣͲ֪ʱֵʿһţȻռϷ磬ȴҲһʱ޷ʲô
ӰӰȻǽ͵⻯롣
˵⻯Ϊ˯̫õԵʣʵûкܻͬɱʣɽʿ
ٻסɽǿߣһȵͽһɽնɱʣȻǲһ壡
аδüϸʲôͷϿȴһڴ󺺶ظֶõһȡ
һֻ޴צХ£
ɽɫһ䣬붼뵥һת
һһ˦
һ죡
һԼɵľУѪɫϼиֶһ£·һ׵צ
ͫһȻһ߷һ֮£زˡ
մ
ϡۡһ촫ɽͷֶɵһŲȥ
ɽɫ䣬û뵽;ȻܹĽȻ˲ƽй鼱£һȡ
ʱԵѪɫ׷һնһѪ۶ɣһΪ߲ѪɫĻ
ͬʱ󺺻һԼǣһѪɫɷͷ­һΪһֻצѪɫ޻צݺһץȥ
һҽһ壬顱
ѪɫĻצ㣬ʱѪǿ͵צ׹֮Ϊ֮һ١
ɽɫһչһȻоһץȥ
ǱѪɫеһת£ٴλΪһִ׵һ¡
;Ȼû׼ܣϽȻǶ巨šƽЧ
ϣһѪɫֱն͵ֱ֮ϡ
ɽĴһЦѪɫоһɽܹľҪѪ֮Ҫ̫򵥡
ͫһһѪɫжʱͻΪһ֮С
ǰ͹һܹԶԤľһ鱦ֱֵʱ֪ǵһ鱦һһ鱦Ѿޱȵǿˡ
ϧ鱦ͣضûоͱɣһѪɫҲΪĹߡ
ûѪɫУɽĴ󺺾ͬûצϻ͵Ĺ֧穡
ɣкһ׻ʽʱһֶģɲǼĽγһΪֲУɽĴôе롣
ֲĽâתţɽĴεֵҲⲻ˱⽣âнˣ
ʣɽǿ߿ɽ󺺶նɱˣﻹҶ
˴ʧɫ£ͬʱһε˶֣ݹһ𣬾ͻΪһֱڼӡ
˿ɺ˶ʱɱɽ󺺵Ĵڣ˿еġ
ô˳⣿
ȫһսĻһɢܹѡ
ͽһһ̱֮У
֮⴫ɽʿĲҽ
ӶĲҽɽʿͷһ֮Ϊǿɽǿ߶ɵնɱƴкã
Ը⳼Ը⳼Ҫɱǣ
˵һʿͷȻеڶʧȥսʿǶɽҲӲʲôս
ҡҡͷһҪ²ս
ʹЩɽģǵȻκεĸı䣬ʹȥҲΨһܹΪġ
һʼɽͲӦòŵ״
ǳ֮ͲֹͣǰĲ
ǰߵɽǿӦյϢʱǰ׾ͻᱻɽǿϣʱΣˡ
ڵĿѾﵽˣȻҲ֦


753 ʤ
սȻǷ¸ֶΡ
սӶȣɱ˶ᱦҲҪμ穡
ɽ֮ϵʯĿѾﵽһַ֣ҩǲ
ǳɽҪľݵ㣬ǽɽ屾ľۼأЩǳ֮жѻɽĲƸ
ƽЩǳ֮ٻʮɽڵǿأһʿûᡣ
սʱڣɽ彫ĸȫսǰߣں󷽿飬ŻᱻССĺ徳ʿˡ
ɽʿķţ۾
ɽʿ˵ɽһĿұ죬ÿһɽʿʵӡ
֮ǰնɱôɽǿߣǹڰɽʿȴʼնûеõ
ͽⷨμ֮һöͻΪһѷĩ
ưɽʿͻԼûʲôȤǶСȴдôġ
СӱѾǼΪֲˣںϼͷɽʿĻܹѹһˡ
ưɽʿҪѰһЩɽ壬ԽǿƳİɽʿɳĿռҲԽߡ
˾ɽ壬ҪĲϡ
Щ϶ģǳ֮ӶᵽưɽʿĲ㹻ӻˡ
ɽһ۵ĲϾôװױͣɽ˿Ҳǻڲ
ɶ࣡뿪ʱ֮󣬳ǳϿտռ𵴣ʮǿϢ
һ⣬ЩǶɽڵǿߣݣһܽնɱ
ɶ࣡Ȼ˱ɣ͵Ϯǵĺ󷽣ɽʿŭݡ
ǵĲصʬһưܵĳУ
ػһеĶɽʿǸʲôԵģͷɽһɽڵΪΪһ֧䡣
һãɽĻۻΪһж˽ǡ
ǽӵϢɽΧһٶǳؾϮ
˵ʧûôֲҲǼΪĲأΪҪһͻϮɽӰڶ֮ġ
Ϊ˷ʱпֵܳ͵Ϯɽǰ߳ǿ߻Ԯǰߵѹͽ˲١
һɽǿ߻ԮսûʲôӰ졣
ǺǿսĶʮĺϤϮһԮǿߵͺܴˣһҲ
սһ֮ڲս
⼸ʮجΣǵصɵĺֱǵͳ䣬֮ǧƵǿߴһһЩʵֱǱ˷ĩ
֣Ȼʮú޻֮
ʮȻʹ˰ݣ֯ٷˣϧǿߵѹ֮£ʧأ
ͿѾҲɽ󷽣Ҳ֪ǰߵսˡ
ʱ򣬾ĵڶ׶Σ
Ҫܵɽ
һ׼ˣҪʮɵˣҪ
緢չô꣬龳һطѾ㲻ˣҪˣһεսõ;
֮ɽλǿߵΧ֮渲峤ͳϾֻм޾֮ĥµѡ
дļҲʲôˣɽĸѾϣ
Щ廹Ϊ۸ģһǿЦһ
ޱȺصϢʴһǿߣվ綥˵Ĵڡ
ٶҪĶˣһ˵ûʲô̫ı仯Ƕ˵һȴǿߡ
ǳڵǿߣɵĸɽ壬ɽıͳͳڵǿЯĿռ䷨֮С
ļȻûɽǰңһ³Ҳòȥ
ķ˴룬û壬ԺҲѱȫԼ
ʵֲ̫ˣô̵ʱ֮ھȻǿߣ
Ƕƭˣ
һЩ忴Щҵ³ҲֻǰЦ
忴СǳɳȴΪѸͣһЩ嶼忪ս
Щ֮дεСΪͷ޲ɼ
˰Ե㡣ͿһԼƣȻѾ˰˰Ե㡣
ֻһԵ㣬նɱɽĶɽǿߣһǿ߾һԵ㣬ȻһԵ㡣
ʵնɱһɽٳڵʿҪ̫򵥣׬ȡԵҲǻġ
Ҳǻģ˰Եת˲ͼˡ
ʮ齣ʯÿһʮԵ㣬һӾͻȥ߰Ե㡣
ɻǣǹ׵㻹Ե㣬һƵĿľΪʿܶΪ£ͬʱ֮ĥԼ
һһӣǲܴڵġ
ΪԽҪıĵȼȻҲ͸ߣҪԵҲԽԽߣʹʿܶ
Ȼֻк徳磬ǳԴöȵ˿鼶ǿߣй֮
鼶ǿ֮ûжܹǰһʮ齣ʯ
ʯֶΪѵãǵıܹ֮ҵ֮⣬ҪչѰŪѶȲһĴ
һɽһɢˡ
ͨɢ޾նɱһɽڵǿߣ˵õϵĶ֮⣬κεĽ
ǵȴͨϽʬȡԵ㣬ôһ֮ĲȻǱ޵ˡ
Щ½ʿҪ£ͣ;ܾҲ
Щ½ʿ̫޷Ǳ⣬һЩԴͲܹŪġ
ʮ齣ʯҾͲŻ۲˽ģͺһ
Ѫ֮Уͨϵɱ¾ηģ˷齣ʯȴԼĽʲô֪֮ĲʵǴס
һ֮ڵĶ֮д˷ŭһЩͶɹʿһͷ
ͺƣơ
ʮ齣ʯ׷ˣ߰ԵˮƯˣ
㽣ϵ츳ӦòûɰҲǲ⡣
ڽϵ츳˵ҲӦϵȵģǧܽǿĽѧҲܱա
һʮ齣ʯûԼĽģƺе㲻ˡ
û˾ûˣһһԵ㲻ɡͺһ
Լֲֻнһžѧ
ɵеľѹ׵ֶΣ֮޷ȻʵһӰ죬ȴҲǼΪޡ
ȥʲôܽӵģ֮пɲʲô¡
ˣʱһοǵʱͻ̲ס̾һ
ǵ֮ϲͣĹ
ͽԼƴУ
ɱһͷĿˣԵ㣡
׷طӰһǧԵ㡣



754 ս
ЩǰԵ㣬͵ӵֱ֮
жĹ¶ףǻϵϢɸѡʺʿ
ͽնɱɽڵǿߣ˵ֻк徳磬ǵѾΪ˶ɽʿܽӵ
Ȼڶɽٳڰˣɽڵ񶼿ĻҲδػʵȥɡ
ս񣿡ԼܽӴĩˣͿһ֡
ʦ֣սʲô̲סĵӡ
ҲѹͻȤսԵ㾹ȻǧԶԶͨ׷ɱ
ĵӿһۣս񣿡
а㿴ͽԼϵϢˡ
ܣǺ徳磬սӦó֮ϵģĵҡҡͷ
һǳˣҰĨĵӵ׼սĨ
ôҪͣΪս̫Σգֻ鼶ϵĵӲʸȡֻк徳ĵӣս͵ȥ
ȴһֱӽս
ǧԵôװ״ˡ
㡭ս񶼲֪ôܽأĵüͷһ塣
͵һЦԾҪʦֽˡ
ԼɣĵӳһöǼصսϢ
սֻи߽׵Ӻͳϲʸȡĸߵȼһֺ徳ĵǾûлӴġ
ȴԼӵʵȨޡ
˵ǰһսҲǴкôģǷԵѵˡ
ħ緲磬ĿǰΪֹ֪ļ档
ģֻ档
ħ磬Ƿħ֮Ÿ֮ʿħ磬ħǿҲ뷲硣
֮⣬档
ܵ˵ħΧܹǧ磬С硣
Щħ֮䲢ûи֮롣
Щλ֮ҲһЩʵǿ壬żһͷС𺦡
սȻҲˡ
֮УսǹϵΪΣյ񣬶ͬʱҲǻرߵ
ֻҪܹս֮лŻôϵԵ㹻ӻһӵˡ
ֵͬһ磬磬֮дŴĶħЩħʵǿձǺ弶һЩĸʵΪǿĴǶɽڵʵ
֮ǲǵǿѹǶɽǿ߶ǿ
ʵνǿڴս֮ʱһæĻﻹֵĵɽһСǱ߱Q
ɽǼʮ嶼ûʸμս񣬾ΪûһǿߣֺôҲֲǡ
磬ħͲ°ͣƺǺ˼
ֻ֮ҪϴĶħӦþûʲô⣬ʹ˴򲻹Ҳûġ
֮кѼȡڽʱЯ㹻ĵҩڵ֮СĵӺѵ
ȻѾ޷أôҲֻܾܵˡ
͵˵ͷҩʲôҪˡ
ƣɱĶħﵽ֮ƱɺɫǸʱͿԷˡȻҲȻ֮ڽ룬ûʱƵģԲҪǿĵ˵
л͵һЦݹһƿҩԷԼôѾ御ˣͲûʲôʾ
벻Χô棡͵һЦ
ƲƲ죺ҲԼʲôʵҪǸʦΪ㿪Ȩޣͻ֮ǰǲܽӴġ
ǺǣҲǣȥ翴͵һЦ
磬ͲûжٵĿ־壬Ѫ߹ˣʲô
磬ʦҪμս񣿡ϵʿеһ㶡
һȥ͵˵ͷ
ú˽ȥһνǺܸߵġϵʿ˵
ҲãҲԣϾһİĵطиϤʿͬҲ㲻
ԼĪ˰ʱͲŵȵͬʿ
ڣɵʿһֱĸоӦıϵ
ʦ֡ͳ˵ͷ
һЦʦܼȻҲҪǰ磬Ϊʦ־ʹһ̣˺ǾҪֿˡ
лʦ֡ЦЦ˴֮С
˻ȵϢ͸ո¾̲סһ̾
֮еǿ񱩵ĻϵϧЩϵ̫񱩣ټһЩĶ棬Ͳܱʿա
ûгκηֱ֮ȥ磬вһ˿ɫ
Ļɲ˭ܹܵģҲҪָЩСʦΪߣȴܹסʵ˾̾
Ǳ߱ľݵ㣬油䵤ҩͷ۸Ҫָ߳Զһ۳˵
࣬ζɱǵѪ⣡ͻȻԶһƬѹѹĶ
ǵСħʵֻڵʵ࣬һԳ־ʮ򡣡һЦָһ㣬ĺʱͽСħ⡣
žһ飬ЩСħͻΪһѱۡ
ʵ֮ʱǲõЩСħСħΧ֮Уڵ֮бʱ̱֤ĳ档˵
͵˵ͷСħǵֵ֮ʵΪСģͬʱҲģռȥ˵罫ųɵ˿ڡ
ܵٶҲǼ죬ɱɱġ
һͽӵսɱСħģһǧ
˵һǧܶ࣬ЩСħ̫СһһǧҲǾ֮Ͱˡ
ѶԸǶħдǵȫټ԰ƵСħǰ浲ţȵľʱڳɱ㡣
ڶħ˵ѪҲǱ̺ѪܹǵĽ
ǰСħ֮ǺԥĳоֻζѪˡ
ΧٻֶħǼǰĻħ֮ľͻƵ֣ʦʵþΧ͵ʵֻѼ䡣
ʦַģʦáЦ
Ǳãɵֵǿħ˻һǳ֮Удǿ򣬾ǴĶħҲġ˵


755 ɽ
ǲ֮սʿıϡ
ƾĴǿ߾Щħˡ
ս˵ҲǸĥԼӵ񣬶ǵ̨
ÿڴ֮ǿҲ
Ͼһ磬һЩǿȫԺʹʿ֮е̳вһЩܹڵǿħֹͷħΧһǿ߲ӡ
СʦܣԼСģ»ûһֱӳ˵硣
Ϳ˿ԼƣĶħҪնɱǧͷĶħûرҪ󣬿ɱҲɲɱһͷ徳ĶħԶһһԵ㲻ȡ
ĶħԶһʮԵ㣬ڴĶħȫһƶԵ㱦ˣҲܶһһǧԵġ
նɱһͷܶһԵ㣬ܹһЩҪĲϽɵĻôдԵ㽱
ͬȼĶħԵҪ֮еǿֵǮˡ
СħһЩʵСĶħҲԵ㣬ԶԶȲɱʹĶħĿ졣
֮洦ɼСħɱһͷҲһٸԵˡ
ɣʹ飬һͷţС˳
õǲͦġ͵һЦ
ӵѪټ͵һͷ뷢ĺܲǺǰ˿˾;Щľ
һͷھ߱˵ѪѾܹ÷˵նʱǰϻһ˿磬ԽԪӤʿճɻҽˡ
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СħĶ֮жʱһ·ĵСħһ·ճ˻ҽ
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ת˲䣬ͷСħͱˡ
ǧͷСħԼϵ֣ҲҡҡͷСħʵ̫ɱˣһյĹ򶼲Ѿɱǧͷˡ
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⵶ɽ֮дŴĵħ
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Щħܹ±ϵĵսǱȽһսʽˡ
ɽ֮Сħ٣󲿷ֵֶħ
꣡һ˫צֱӽһͷ徳ĵɽħ˺ѣϵĵΪľ
ħȫǱͺٺһЦһͷħʬװ˴ָ֮СȥҲܶһԵء
֪⵶ɽܲưɽʿͿһǧɵɽв˼š
࣬ͻȻ䣬һֲĵâ
ĶħͺٺһЦɷħֱĳһâɷħֶʱѡ
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ѻãǼȻǶħĻôȫûй˼ɵıҪˡ
⵶ɽеʵһǧͷĶħжʮͷĶħͺһ
ЩĶħһѶƶԵ㡣
ڴĶħȷţԶõġ
ֻҪ⵶ɽ֮еĶħһ飬һսˣˡ
һǧͷĶħ鼶ǿҲҪԼʵһͷûʲôͷħΧǵҪˡ
СӣһҪģİɽʿûͿһжˡЦ
ģּĶħҾ͸ɱ١СӺƵ˵
һͷħһǶħͲˣҪǰ涥š
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Сǣҳ尡Сӵʱ˰ɴС֮ײ徳һµĶħᶼᣬֱѹȥ
ȥӺͰҲ۾һͻûСӶ䣬С͵Ĳˡ
ħһˣ
Сļͷ޺ҲǷͬ죬һԽսϺ徳ĶħҲ·硣
СӴһʱޱȵӴһѹĶħͱ⽴
ӣҡҡͷʱעΧ
СֳôĶ;Ͳ⵶ɽ֮еĶħ޶ԡ
ֻҪǸҳ֣;͸ɱ
ৣǧ׻ʽѾʱ׼ǧܽҲڰתš
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һȫǲžǣ
̫ˣͻȻ䣬һɽ֮һֲϢһ޽ֱӿ
꣡СϾƤһγ˱ѣ
ڣСƲƲ죬ѹֻôǿһͷ޽ħ֮Ҳǿˡ
ʹСЦĿһͷ޽ħ
ɱ㣡޽ħһһȻúСһС
ã˼С˿壬һȥ
ˣ޽ħҲǻӶеľ޽ӭȥ
޽ħȻǵ͹Сӵͬߵķһײһɽ֮ϣʱ򽣴ǲҲ̶á
ħһҲǼǿο޽ħһͷħʹ屻˼ٸġ
СӵʱǼɵ̫ǿˣȫǱСѹȥ
Ҿüֲ޽ħһôСӶ͵ģֻˣȫüֲġ


756 ɱ

ֻ޽ħһתһ̱Сӵеľ޽ҫѪɫĹâ
СӺٺһЦ棬㻹һ㡣
δ޽ħ֣Се켣һ䣬һһͷ޽ħ֮ϡ
䣡޽ħĸֱӱ춼ϻ˲ӵ޽ħ֮ϡ
޽ħĲҽ
žСӵƲˣϾһȥֱӽ޽ħĳ⽴
ӦõĵСЦĽ޽ħļ
ڶħĵѾܹͨ鱦ˣҲǴô
һ޽ȻܹСӵӲӲ˿·磬һЩ߼鱦ˣܹṩľȻҲ١
ͶЩħʵ̫ˣΪṩ˴Ե㣬Ϊṩ˴
СǼѹħɱʹǶħҲСӵĶ֡
ŹȥʱѾʮͷħСӵϡ
ֲ̫ˣһֲ̫ġ
ǲǶ֣һӾͱˡ
һֻдܶԸ
ĶħʼˣЩħ˵ùŻСӵĶ֣ȻҲɵɵȥ
СħҲʼˣǵǲߣǲ߲ζɵıܣʹǵСħҲ⡣
ŴĶħӳˣЩϧһξȻûдħҲǳʮԤһĲࡣ
ʮͷħʬ壬ټϳǧͷħʬ壬ΪṩǧԵ㡣
ѹôʿ֪սΣջȻҪ硣͸̾һ
֮ɱħ׬ȡԵٶȲҪ̫죬ЩʿǻϼҲδܹ׬ȡôԵ㰡
ҽսĴʿ֮еľӢЩʿҲ˴ĵĴɽ֮дɱ
ҪǱһȺħΧĻǿɲġ
ѡһɣͿһߵĽɽ˵
һɽǧɣ˵һƬ֮ߵһˡ
ͺáСӿСЦĿ͡
ɽһȻûʲôǿߣưɽʿķŵҲ档
֮ǰǵĶһ嵥ҲһţҪǧԵ㡣
֪ɽʿƷžжôĲˡ
һɽ֮дһСưɽʿ
ڰɽʿȻˣշصģһĲϴһɽ֮С
漴һķһµķӡ˽ɽ֮С
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СӣһξѪ͵ͺһ
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ҲһͷɽʿˣСӿһСĽɽЦ˳
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Ҳû⣬Сӵʵϼͷħһ
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еʵͺһҲûָɷħ־׵Ľħնɱˡ
ѪҺǳ֮ɫ
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ħսʽΪսٻԶģ͵ֵҲô
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һͷĶħ˵ҲиǧԵˡ
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ԭһȭȥǶħҲҪԲ˶ߡ


757 
ɽѾƵٰ֮⵶ɽ֮ǵʲôǿĶħˡ
ʣµļħͶȥˣʱ仹ȥһأĶħɻʵģеɱˡ
ŹڵԵ㣬ֱĸоͺ̹ٶʱ֮ǲΪԵ㵣ˡ
һ˵绹ˣԺҪûԵĻֱһ˵磬ʲôˡ
⵶ɽô£һͷħˣһһŮڽɽ֮Уȴûзһͷħ
ǰˣüͷһ壬һ١
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ܹҲ鼶ĵӻǳϣ徳ĵӽǶ֮У⡣
ʦȥһ°ɣǰ͵֮Уһڵ֮ߺ׳µġŮӶ͵İȫЩǡ
ҲãϾʿôҲǵ˵ͷ
ѿһһŮʿĳ㲻
Ҳע⵽һһŮԷûʲô⣬Ҳû¶ʲô
λѣ֮жħУǽаɡӵЦ
⻰Ȼ˵ת͸¶˼ҲȷͬʱҲǵ͵ġ
ЦЦλ֪λµĵӣ
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ɽǿҲ׶༪٣ôȥҲǴ򲻹
˵նɱ˼ͷɽ֮еĶħͬǴʵҲ֮ģο⵶ɽֻǵ֮нΪСһͻûԴֵزΪԼ徳ܹɨˡ
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ԵĽһһ֮ͱѾһЩ֮дħЩǣЩܹѹЩҪһЩͶ˷ࡣ
߼չħ֮ģһ̯λ֮ͻȻչħ֮ġ
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ľҲûʧӦһƷʺܲĶħ࣬ҳһƷɾʿһ˵
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Ҳֻһʣû뵽ʿķӦȴǳĴ
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ڽֵϹ˼ȦҲûзԼҪĶ඼ǳһЩħĲϡ
ħȫǱǵҲһЩΪǿıЩϵĵȼ̫ͣʵǿۡ
ɱҵĶǧԵ㣬һҾ֮ģͻȻˢ
Ҿ֮İ˵ǵҵǿħǱǿ߸ˡһЩڵ˺ܾõʿ
˭ȥһȥɽٳڵʦأһûлһʿҡҡͷ
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նɱɽǿߣѾע⣬ȻҪһͷնɱˡ
һҾ֮ģֵԶԶֹǧԵˣǱ֮һҾ֮ļֵһԵ㣬˵һżΪǿͨı֮
һȻôĽһЩɽڵǿ߶ˡ
Ͳ׼ֻǶԵȤһҾ֮ģ֪Լûء


758 ˪
ɱһͷпǶɽڵĶõԵҲҰˣڼķѵĹΣճ̶ȴԹġ
ĿǰǿԺͶɽٳڵĶħһһж࣬ԸɽڵľδˣοǶħ֮ΪǿĶһ壬ɲġ
ҵȻǲȥˣ͹գ͹֮һĶħҲаǵ֮ΪΣյļ֮һ
еͿɥһѡ񣬵Ǿ̫Զ;ͽĿ궨˱˪
˪ʵȵɽǿһ˿Ҳǿޣû˵˪֮гֹɽڵĶħء
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ܹǰ涥ţǱȫɱħٶȿҪӿˡ
ԣʥĽ֮˵ͷȷսѷʽƤǰܴ󲿷ֵĹɵʿȫʩչͨѵݡ
ɷħ֣һֻɫצֱӽһͷ徳Ķħͷ­ժ
ãѧʥϲ͵ʵԤϣгһâĶħա
ʦǽۼ⣬һ۱㿴ʥǽ
Ȼýȴ޼
콣ʥһԺӡ
콣ʥΪ콣ĵҲǴġ
ͽǵʱ̫̣ʥ϶֮ĥ£ͻû˵콣
ĽţһʶʥԲʵϽĿֲȷܹӦԴĶħ
˪֮еĶħ϶һ˪ףҪɱħͱȴһ˪סڱ˪֮ǵı˪ܹԶ޸ģԱű˪ѵ˲佫ħɱʥȻǵһν˪ˣһ·Ϻ˵һЩҪעĶ
һ˪ҲǱ˪Ϊλȵɽǿԭˡ
˻Ŀ֮жɢſ񱩵ĻϵΨ˪֮ȴǱһƬ
ָоǴӸոմӻ¯˱ߣ졣
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üͷһ壬ﶼСħֵͼħһţʱѣЩСħֱӱѷɡ
ʦܺǿʥ̾һ
СʦܣһҺʥҪѰһΧӦǴĶħػǧҪСġҶСѵ
͵˵ͷһ˫ȭ׳ϡ
ȭҲ֪ĸϵĵùͿȭ׻㲻Ҳûнȭ׻Ϊһ࣬һҲ١
¡ɽĶħͻȻӿֳȻǸΧˡ
Сǣɱһͷֻ۾Ķħĺ
Ķħʥһһһâֱնȥ
ҡҡͷʥʵǲϧûģһҪħ
ĿħŴ󵶴ʥĽâ
һѹŶħ
ħֵܹʥĽâĶħ͵ֵסˣһӾʧħ
࣬ɡͻȻĿħ鹾һת
ãʥͻȻһֲõԤС
ʶҲͷһĿħȻʶ
һ㣬һץסĿħͷ­
˪װͷ­ȻӲı͸ˣ
գʥһ
ոһĿħʩչʶǲ롣
ܹħͷ­û𺳣ʥҲֻΪħעȫԼϣԲûע⵽ͣץס϶ɱˡ
龹Ȼܷʶе˼ͲɫĽ͵
ħͷ­ʱƵĺܺãû顣
һͷħ˵ҲмԵˡһЩҪĲλи֮ʥ㽫ʬ彻ͣʹûЩĲϣһʬ彻ȥҲһԵġ
ҲƴǣһͷħɱģһûС


759 һ˶Ⱥħ
˪˵֮ǱȽϿ󣬵ҲС˪֮еĶħ϶һ˪ףҪħɱ
ʥҶһԲһڣСǰǿɲϣԼһαħ
͵ʶڱ֮ɨӣһжħڱ֮Уһֱ̣Щħˡ
ǿѾ˿ڶɽٺڵǿߣʩչʶ๥ǿֻҪԷûʶķţҲҪɰ׳ա
ʶţĿǰΪֹҲͼڵʿʹù
ʶ֮вһֵܹḷ̌ڵطʵ˾̾
ǧԵĶһĿ¼֮ͲûзʲôʶķţʶͨҲǼٵġ
ҪôԵĵȼЩķȫں棬Ҫôڶûʶķš
Ѫ֮лɱĶ۵زغǷڵǿߣĴָطӡо˺ܾҲûƽ⣬ֻʱ
꣡һͷĶħֱӱŤͷ­
Ͳ˻֮вҶĺʥ˶սһͷħҶ˷
˺һͷħܹһȴʼ޷ץסᡣ
ڶϸڵİ֮ϣʥҶģͿɲһ㡣
ͶħҪ̵ʱ֮ڽȵڵĵĲˣһǺܲġ
ʥһ̴ħͷ­ȴΪ˶ħצӲǷᣬʹһצҲǳּ˺ۣͲʲô
ˣɵʿͨ
Ȼʥǽޣȷʵȫʿһնơ
ǻĻηĵڽֵ˲Ѿһͷħնڽˡ
ħҲ֪ʿ˵ȫѹ˴żһ˪ôһҲǲʹ
Ѿʵˣ̬⣬Ҳûʲô˵ġ
˼Ҽǧ궼ôսģΪһ仰ı䡣
꣡͵ͻȻ˶ħ
һħŭһצȥ
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ħצӿ죬͵Ľ죡
ͣħͷ­ּˣһֻצӾ͵ͷһȭͷľ룬һȭͷľ˵
ʥҲޱȵ𺳣·ͶħսӰֻûǰ㣬ǳ
ֶڶϸʥҲ̾硣
Ͳûж˵ʲôʥĻӦ˼
ʦƺóɱ֮ʥʵ
ɱĶˣȻóˡ͵˵ͷ
ȻʥΪߣñãɱ¾һȴȲ͡
ͷħʬ֮ͱ˷ֱˡ
ҪȥԸǴĶħ˸Ҳֻһ׸
һ·Ѿǻ̫вҪһöҲˣôҲʱֿˡ
ҶһҲûµദѾ֪һλСʦܵʵԶ֮ϣûİҲ˳õ˪ħ
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Сʦǰķ򣡡Ҷͷһ
׼뿪˪ʥҶĿһ޷ǵһĻ
һͷޱȾ޴ı˪ħһֻӲ˺룡
ǴĶħʥʧɫ
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СʦܣҶۼ⣬Ưڿе͡
̫ǿˣһ徳ʿλǿֵزʥЩš
֮ǰԺ徳ʵɱħǻĳܷΧ֮ڡ
Ͼ֮еȷǴһЩܹԽսģԺ徳ΪնɱʿҲڳܵķΧ֮ڡ
նɱĿǶħȶɽڵĴڰ
󾳽簡Ǻεȵ
СʦܡҶҲǱһĻŴˡ
䣡һͷǺħһ¡
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̫࣬ˣȻһ֮Ʊ˪ͷϳһԱǵĶħһ
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һͷĶħǻܹ뿪һͷҲᱻĺ
͵һЦǶɽڵĶħ붼ߣϧǽǶɽٳڣһܹġ
Ϊұ˪޶ħ𣿡һѩ紵һͷħ
Ǳ˪ʮͷĶħһɡЦһ
ֱֳĶħŭǳưʿѹûаǷ
ħһһΧĺγһͱ޿ɱܡ
͵һУһϽɫóһ
ۣħеĳȻӦϣ
콣ʥЩˣΪȻҲ콣ζʲôҲû콣
ߣħһһϽȻһθԭˡ
ͷħҲӣħһ
˵Ҫ𣿡Цһ
ͽ㣬μٵı任š
ͷħ˵ʵǿ󣬵ȴʼո͵ٶȣ
Х£һ޴ֱӽһͷħǽϡ
ǶħǿͲôȥ
ֻͣһںڵĵâֱӽħնɱ
𣡡ŭˣ˪Ķħŭˣֱƣ
һֲϢ
ˣôħǶɽڵǿҲԲʥ˫ֲš
ʮͷħܺãǶҵԵ㣡һЦôഽ࣬ǽЩħ˳ˡ
ϴ󣡿ɽͻȻըѣ֪ʱµϹ⡣
ļϽ״ɵ˰ɡЩħ̲סЦ
ļϽ״ס񼶱ʿЩѣסЩĶħ
ЦɣЦɣܿǾЦˡһ
ϴ˵ֻļϽףЧ֮ǿ弶Ĵûа취⡣
δ
һαˮ䣡
δ𣡡
δ𣡡
ħϵı˪׾Ȼ׵ڻˡ
ãЩħʶ˲Ծ
֮ǾȻ˿о֮
ɱƽȻ
ϣһͷħ͵ؿڷ·һ֮ϣƷ顣
꣡һȭһͷɫɨֲЩĶħöᡣ
ֲ̫ģôܻӵ˿ֲЩĶħЩš
ԼľҪ߳࣬ռƣǾȻǱһѹŴ


760 
䣡һɳֱӽͷĶħ˷ĩ
ɱЩħҲˣһͷͷħ͡
޴ֱӽķɣԽһɽǿ߶һѪ
˫жȥɵϵĽֻɣвƽս׵ûܵش
ˣֱˣħţһ˪֮ǵصѹ
ָһ㣬Ȼ˪Ϊ֮һǧɽХ
ôˣ⾿ôˣħǿʼˡ
˫ޣʥԼӶ첻ɵޣ߶˵ǿʵǷ˼˼
ǧܽڲ֪֮ѾΧǧܽ
ɨϣһʩչܹյǿ
Ѫ֮УͱƾһɱʿижɽڵĴڡ
ʮͷɽǰڵĶħ㲻ܽǾնɱҲ˴롣
ɨһǷΧԵĹΪܹһͱ뽫Χڰ֮ڡ
ʮͷħͳͳڽķΧ֮УǺԥķ˽
䣡ֲĽѹ
޷ȡ֮
ǰĶħ˲ͱ⽣ûˣҲûзκε졣
ûϴеĵ֮Щħ޷ԭʵ
ɰɵడһͷħû
࣬бӦģҵĴһ̤ƽǵ磡һͷħǰ˺
ҲҪһ
ڽѹ֮£ʮͷħֻʣʮʬ塣
Щʬռ֮ͱ㷵֮Уͨ󷵻ǡ
񣡡ͽԼƶ˹ȥ
ս⡭ĵһ㶡
һǧͷСħͷĶħʮͷĶħ찡ΰ쵽ġĵһʱһЩǰӵע⡣
ս񲢲ܣ֪ʿҲ
ȥ˵硣һЩʿжϳͽǵ硣
ʮͷĶħ찡ô쵽ģһЩȥʿˡ
Աߵĵڽŵļʹ˴ܵõԵ㡣
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һЩ徳ʿ۾ˡ
һӾʮԵ㣬Ǿæ̼ҲδػʮԵ㰡
оĵӶ֪ⲻһСͷˣͺЩȣʮԵͲʲô
ĶħÿһͷҲʮԵ㣬ʵĻ֣Ҳвͬļλ
ʹ͵ĽٶͷĶħͼֵǧԵ㣡
ǧԵ㡣ֳֵʱ龳ʿҲóʮͷĶħʹ˴ε֮еջ
ǧԵ㣡
ĵ˵ͷնɱħŪ˽ڵԵ㣬ڼһǧԵ㣬ȥ;ѾŪ˰ڶԵ㡣
ֽһЩħʬȥǵõڵԵ㣬һʮڣ˴ĿĵӶˡ
Եô׬ҲһһЩ鼶ʿ뵽
һ徳ʿֵزûġ
ﻹЩʿЩʲôڵս£ԼĶ֮ѵõ˯һ
֮ͻһӣԼʮǧԵλõĸо
ʮڶԵ㣬ʿ֮Ҳһˡ
Сӣһ䶯ˡ쿴ԼĵҲһԺ
սȷ֮ˮģûĸʿһӾŪʮڶԵġ
ҪΪʦȥˡЦ
ĸҰʦҿɲܱȵġ͵һЦ
Ϊ˻ʵӣ˻һ¾ͲֹʮԵĿˡ
ڵ֮òҪ̫ţЩ϶ħע⣬ΪʦҲδܾȵ㡣һ仰ͬһˮ͸ŵá
Ϊһ磬ƱػһЩʵΪǿĶħ嶼ҪɳڵǿǰȥⱾѾ˵ˡ
Ժһ龡ǲҪˣΣա˵
ʦͽ´һעġҲųһ亹
ʮڶԵȻҪȥһˡ
ԵԼʵǲǿģֻаԵһʺԼı塣
ȻԵﵽʮ֮ܶһĶֶ˲١
鱦һΣ͵һ嵥ϼ鱦
Ծ鱦鱦ɵɽǿߵĹһǧԵԾȻ鱦ȴǲϰ鱦»ħкܴĲࡣ
ڶһ嵥ڵ鱦඼ǲϰġ
ʥʮɷ֮ʮܹûԵУԵ㡣
֮ʯһƬ̺ױȵķ֮Ե㡣
üһһ֮ŲĶ֮ʯǶء
ϹʱĵҩһܹͻļʣضܹͻƣһһǧԵ㡣
һضܹͻƣҩЧʵ졣
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ԵĿ죬ȥҲ죬ŵҩȥһС롣
֮һЩӺҩ㽫Լڵ֮׬Ե㶼ùˡ
֮鵤֪Ҫǿ˶٣ͱضܹͻƣʵ̫ˡ
ƿһǰδеĵ˼ڣ;ѾԼƿһ˿ɶ
ǲͬ졣ʹϲ
ڲмİϢڲͣţЩϢһּΪĸо
࣡Ͳӣһڽһöҩȥ
ĵҩҲһ˿һЯڵϵĳˢԼ塣
䣡ϿһγУ֮һλҪӴ
䣡һ˼еĶһֲĽۣʹ󷨵ĸڵʿܸܵһ̺֮Ŀֲ
ƻۣɽ֮ȻûͻһƿһͻƣôƱԥ䡣
֮УΧѾﵽһ۷״̬ĳˢ֮£ޱȵҲһ˿ƣܿҶֲ֮ҡҡ׹
䣡͸оôһ㣬һöṩҩЧѾԳһƿ͵ϣʣµһö¡
䣡ЯſֲҩЧһӾͳƿ


761 ǰڤ
һХֱӳ֮С
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Ͳܣֱ֮У׵͵֮УȴڵҩͽЩ׵
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һȴͣһŽС
ÿ̶һ㣬һһ㣬Χ۵ʿ档
ӵƻǺƴ󰡣㵱й֮޲˵һЦ
Ҳֱ˵Ǿ춯ˡЦЦ˵
Ƕ˿ͶɽǷʧܣڿ͵ĶɽپķѶʱա
СԺɽķ˰֮ãȻٽֻǳһʱ䣬СԺȴķʮŽٵΪԼ
һζɽٵƣ˿СԺ֮£ɽٵʱҲԲСԺ̡
䣡һöɫĹڸƯ
ʱͱһɫϼ⣬ֱӽЩɫ˸С
Ҳ¶ʹɫöɫ̺֮ǾˣҲô̵ʱ֮ڽһˡ
˫ŷֵһµ׵磬Ҫ÷ƾֵ
ƽأҪ׵֮
ǰ֮ѾԹʼ޷ž֮;Ȼ׼֮ͻơƽĵء
һֲ׵֮ըȻըȻܶʼ
ͱ඼ὫΧγɵɫ븹УȻ
һգգգʮա
µʱȥˣϿʼնάӡ
ͷĽѾɢȥȴٳû
ٹ˰º󣬹ĻӰͻȻһϼһת˫Ŀ
һХӰѿڶ
εĳХûʲôͨУХԻϲ쳣
ɹˣҩЧ֮£ʹƿڳΪһʿ
ʿ֮Ҳһǿ뿪Ҳռһɽͷˣ
ܹʩչͨǧ֮ܽеĽɨϣҲ׾ٵʩչΣʵĸı䣡
ԺҪһһӡˡЦЦ
иоԼͣܳʱ䣬ж೤Ҳ˵
ֻ֮ʱǧܽڽǧܹܽٿصķɽҲﵽ˾ǧŰپűֻһ
ٿһɽǧܽܰ쵽飬ļޱǾǧŰپʮű
֮æµĴɽʱžԼ֮Ƿ㣬ûһҪԼһҲδܽǧŰپʮű׻ʽǿķ
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ˣͽǧŰپʮűɽҲʮ֮ˡ
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ԼΪͻƣҪǲܵˡ
һ־ǾǧŰپʮűɽǶɽڵǿҲҪŷ˰ɡ
һֱǰâһҲâ˵࣬Լ֮ĲҲޡ
һչرʮ꣬˵ʮ겻תһ˲䡣
⡶ǧܽԽͱԽܸоһŽǿ
㣬Ѿӵ¾һķҲûԤϵ
˽ͨһƲ漸ⲻ֪⡶ǧܽÿһ㣬ᷢ췭ظı仯ûһŽǾ޷˽һŽġ
ϧһŽֻǰ㣬кļĻǾ춯ˡԴҲϧѡ
ʹֻе㣬⽣Ѿ˴󲿷׽ˡ
ڤ֮͵˫һƤĦš
һ׽ڱڤ֮
ڤ֮һأиǴŴĺ塣
ӦþǺһģǳΪӦһˡ
͵һЦħӡڣǸСŮҲǱȽϴûǿΪħӡ
ֻҪһ˳ħӡôͻԥһӡôһŮҲѱˡ
ڤ֮бҪȥһˡڤ֮Ϊ֮ΪصĺһƬ֮Ϲ̫ǿĶĵرڶʿ֮͵ĵط
ڱڤ֮֮еõеĲ˶ʤ
ڤ֮ȻһأһҲܽڤ֮˴ĺɲǵһȺȫͳεġ
˵кеĺ壬ǺҲܵģÿǱ뱱ڤ֮Ѱĵرʹеʿʤ
ʹд󲿷ֵʿʧˣֻҪһʿɹʿ֮ˡ
Ҫҵǧܽĺ벿֣Ǵˡ
Ҫȥһ·˰ͲҡҡͷҲֻеõ⡶ǧܽķ˲ܸ⽣Ǵõģ̶ȵСѰķΧ
ǵǰ˵ĸۡʱȴֻڴ˯СԺ
˰ĹͲŴСԺĿе֪ʮ֮ǰѾǰڤ֮ˣͨеĻԼʦ졣
߱չʮǺ飬ԼʮıչȴԼʹõĻʧ֮ۡ
ڤ֮ôҪѰҵ˻൱ã
ʦҲҪȥڤ֮𣿡СԺŹǷʵ
ôˣͲĿСԺ
Ҳ׼ȥһ˸·ʵ̫ˣʦһȥСԺԺ˵
壡
ͶʱСԺͲǵʱ䣬ֱȡһ˽ȥֿʼ˯ˡ
ֶҪԵ㣬һ·ķˣΧдķԻϲõĻ顣
ҲáҲ̾˿СԺôۣʵȷʵǿͶǳ
СԺһ쵽˯Ϊȴ˿һͷ޵ʿ;;Щơ
ԼԵǻ˶ٴβǿͻƣΪʿСԺֻҪ˯˯Ҳڡ
ѵע֮Уֻ׹һѾ˰֮⡣
ר·ķ̾һ˲Ϣ֮ͳڰ֮⣬⼸ϵȫʩչĶݹˡ
עһЩˣ
СԺ׼֡εҡҡͷ
֮вдӺͷУҲ֪׼ˣһˡ


762 ڤ֮
ڤֹ֮ʹǳĴҲҪתβܵ
СԺȻٶȼ죬ǵڤ֮ҲԺˡ
ҲʣΪʲôͨ󣬵СԺĻشһײǽĳ嶯
ΪҾܶ˯һˡСԺӦ˵
ʵϣ֮һֱڿСԺ˯ꡣ
һྐྵȻ˯ôá
˯꣬СԺϵϢǿ˲٣ͺǾ档
վסǱڤ֮˵Ȳڡͷֳ
һĶҹһȣͬ׹⼸ﻹæһߣڵʿǨŭǡ
Щ˲һǲڱڤ߽֮ӵĹߣɱǣͻһľ裬ɲҪġ
ϢסЩ˾㹻ˡ
ڤ֮ôֻҪ뱱ڤ֮һҲ׷鵽ǵ١
ٶ̫죬ûеЩǾѾʧӰ١
ˣ͵ʲôûп˼һᣬ;ϱһ顣
ڤڤǱڤ֮һأ֮
ͨһԾããıڤ֮С
һˮ֮кˮ׷ױãʹںлƽء
ⱱڤ֮ȻǷͬ죬⺣ˮ֮ж֮εͰ̾һ
嶼ΪӴҪά޴ȻҪľ޴Ҳֻдֵط˵Ⱦޡ
ϽΧյͨ
һ·£֪Ǳ˶ɣȻףˮѹԽԽǿ󣬾ΧıˮȦѾбļ
ͲϵάˮȦǱɣǼֲסˣֻܷ˺֮ϡ
׵ˮѹ̫ǿ󣬾͵ΪҲ޷̫á
ҲֻкЩ󺣵ĳܵǿˮѹںж
ⱱڤ֮УҲͺܷӳȫʵٶܵⱱڤ֮ơ
ոǰ㣬άֱˮȦѾǿˣܹڷ񶷷
óĽͽ⺣ˮ֮Ҳܵ޴谭
һܹˮķⱱڤ֮ж̫ѡʹ֮㷵֮С
öȭͷС֮Եøҫۡ
ˮ顣ǰһ
Ǻ֮оްıˮ飬Ǳ뱱ڤ֮ײҲ⡣СԺһԺ˵ţ·˵λСԺǵĻܵ͵һЦһź˻
Լǰڤ֮ʱûпǵһ㣬һֱ˯СԺȴǽһжǵˡ
׼ȥģʵ
ȥľȥġСԺ૵
ڤ֮֮ൺ죬󲿷ֵ춼ǱͺռݵģֻǱһЩʿռݣλ֮϶ԶԶռݵЩ졣
λѽҽһʿڿն
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һʿһͷɽ巨ڸһҲе
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ŶΪΣʵΪһ֮ٳһҲʲô°ɡ
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ôһͣҲ֪һʲôˡ
һȻⱱڤ֮İǱڤ֮ʵ̫޴󣬾һҲδ޷ټıڤ֮ȫС
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ڱڤ֮֮Ѱҵıͻ½ȡʯȻǺܲģҪⱱڤ֮֮жһʯ֮Դͱȥһ塣
ʯʲôĲǺܿأһЩĵرȫһˣֶͨΣһ彫ĵرԼС
뱱ڤ֮ʿֻΪһѰĵرˣһ嶼ὫЩļ۸ѹúܵͣ˵Ǵ׬׬ˡ
һһȻǲκ˲һţԶԸĹϣһʿ˽Уڤֱ֮Ӵɱˡ
ģǻģЩʿȻᱻһÿһʱ䶼һͨޣûôĶŻȥһĵ
ҲǲòһֶΣɫ֮ͽڤ֮дԴԼС
Ͽʲô֮ģҿԸ߼չ
УȻУϲʿɱһҪˡ
ˮĲݣǳѪɺݶǧҵҩˡóҩ࣬Լʮꡣ
Ϳһ£Щҩݵȷǧңȴϧⱱڤ֮֮Ӧ洦ɼĶ
֮ǰºʱ;ͼһЩֻûȤժˡ
Щҩʵ̫ͨˣʵûȤҡҡͷ
¶һ˿ʧ֮ɫʵҲֻѰεҩˣϧľͲܹŪˣ󲿷ֶţһͻ̲ժء
Щˮڱڤ֮еǣҲֻõĵʱŻȥժһЩڱڤ֮ҩֵǮˡ
ĺöһУЩɢ޿ģһƤӵ¶أҲ̾˿
ʹǻңҲû뿪ڤ֮
⼸ɢ޵ͨΪʲô˿ҾͲԡ
Ｘÿ춼ʿһЩϵĶĵҩͨ˲ǵˣպͲõġ
Ҫײ׬ȡպɻʿҲֻҡҡͷ㷢ϹʱĶҲҪʵȥòС
뿪֮ͼǰĿȻһռݵĵ졣
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ԼĪ֮ڿһĵ죬Щĳ˳ƺһ󷨡
һĵǲһЦЦЩ֮ÿһٶһɽڵǿ
һٸ֮еһˣһʵɼһ㡣
뷻;Ϳ˴黨ݣ඼Ǳڤ֮еģҲڷ֮й˼Ȧ֮˽ҩͳͳŲƽ֮С


763 
ڤ֮ʵ̫ĵرҲԶ½ܱ⡣
Ҳѹռһڤ֮һ˵ǿڶ֮Уһǽһĵڶ壬˺޶ѹһͷ
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СԺһרΪʿṩסС֮Уʯ֮ͱֻǱããıڤ֮С
𣡡һ䣬԰˰̬ⱱڤ֮оΡ
ͷ֣̬ҪԶԶʡĶࡣ
࣡һޱȾ޴ĳ͵ι
壬˾޴Ҳֻкˣһƺûһľ磬ֻ̬ж
ڱڤ֮оԲǵһͺ壬·µˡ
ںûĸǺĶ֣Ҳһ£ǽⱱڤ֮Ƶġ
һҵˮΡʹһץһˮξֱӱãͽ֮С
üһһŵĺ߻û˵ģˣһ·һЩϵҩȫ
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ͺһһ˦һΪ޴ˮֱӽԷɢ
Ƴһͷζûյĺ壺𣿡
һͷҵľзʵҲǻ£ԼǺģһƬû¹˭
Ǻ徳ʿһͷзҲֻƵߣϾǿɲΪһͷз塣
ߣҵĵ̣㻹ɵҩߺߡ
ôɱֲ֣ɷֱӽһͷзѹƵĲܶ
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һͷ񼶱ĺ壬ɱ˾ɱˣѲһͷз󻹻ʲôΪɣ
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ϵͨ˰ɣ⺣֮ʩչϵͨԼҲģзЦˣƶһһ֡
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ЩһһɵķΧͻᱻһâա
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н۵;ûˣʩչ׵ͨ
ԸˮϵͨΪĺ壬ϵͨʺϲˡ
ǶһĻҲûжİա
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磬зζ׵罫⿾ĺܲСһ޴зǯ̵Ŀš
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֮ǰƺҲѾʿⶴ֮ҲһЩµĺۼӦ⼸֮ڲġ
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˵ڤ֮еĶʤö٣Ҫ뷢ҲǼѵģ
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⼸޴Ӱٶȼ죬һգ۾ͲӰˣⱱڤ֮УҪٶϳǺѵġ
ʲô飬ôôຣ壿˼һһȺ
ôˮѹͷһΧˮѹͻȻ
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ˣԺ֮ͻȻ뷨
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ܹԶĶʶһЩȽϸߵģҲǷͬһ㣬ñļҲҪһ㶴ࡣ
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䣡ֲˮѹͻȻǰ漸ͷæŸ·ĺ⧲֮±ˮѹУ޴ֱӱķˡ
ÿֲ͵һֲˮѹͱѹ
ǰʮﴦһۼĴ֡
֮ǰһֱ֮Уչֳݡ
ǿǧȻʧЧʧЧ֮ЩصĶŻḡֳ
ڤ֮нһĶַͨʽֵģ
ƺǱȽģΧֻˣȻǰĺ塣
һŮڣʵȻ㲻ǿںսȴռ൱ƣԲǿˡ
Ƕ˵һɽǿ߶նɱôںʿ
壿ʿ͵ʱ򲻽üͷ
һʱ͵ص㶼ǿݳģӦûж֪
֪Ͳ˸·ǣһ·ŷһĶ
Ҳ龳ΪҲûϡ
붴൱ʱ䣬ÿһζʿᡣҲǰڶѣΪľһЩҪˮߡ
ⶴҲǶɽǿˡЦⶴΧĽͲǵʿܹóġ
صĽƣӦϹʱڵģڵĽкܴ𡣡뵽
䣡ۼĴһ󣬱ڤ֮ͻȻ˼ˮ·Ӻһ㡣
жˣ
һֵܸ˰ɣ
Ǻ廹ʿӿˮķ
ǵǸϵ֮ʱȴѾ˶棬ռõλá
壬ʲôʸ񿿵ôǰͻȻһʿһ
ǲ𣬱ϾǱڤ󺣵İһ嶼˿ǰֱǲ֪
Сӣλá
廰û˵꣬Ѿͱŵ˵ˡ
ɱ⣬͵п˱ɱ⡣


764 
ͬ鼶Ϊ͵һѾһͷ嶯ˡ
ôܻӵǿɱ⣡嵨ˣţֻҪԼǰһԷͻԥɱԼ
ָоǹ죬鼶ʿҲǿߣȴоĳԷҪɱԼĻԼһ涼ֲ
ѡȴ
ث֣ȻˣһЩʿǱһˣЦ
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Ѿ˾ģȻᶴԲ̬һһֲ̫òʲôҲˡ
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ϹʱڣһĽȻвٵҲЩ档
ܹڵûһǴ˭óⶴżǿĽػģһ˽ƣڳʿûкô
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âΪֱӺ˽֮ϡ
Ȼͽ㣬μٺ˰ɡ
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ùĽƣҲΪԼһ亹
κζƲ嶼ᱻͻȻֵĿռѷɣֽƿδŰ
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ǣԼҪɲҪǡ
ЩʿҲ׷׸ͣ˭ó⺣ŮӶϹŽЩоȻΪˣǻʲô
Щ̰һ
ֻСϺ׶ѣʲôˣڳһȻʵˡоƵĺŮһ
ϹŽƿɲôƽģ⺣ŮʼûҵƵ㣬һΧۼԽԽˡ
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Ҳεҡҡͷһ˲˳ʮ
ͣһЩ˳ʿֱӱһռѷɣʬ޴棬оͰçײĴ󺺡
쵰ǻ쵰ҼҵƵˣôһҪݣŮӷ߷ߵ˵
󷨼񣬾ǿҲݡ
çײĴôһͣʿռѷɣ֪
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׼ЩռѷҲ˼鼶ʿ
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ռѷɵʿȣֵѾ˵Ķˣ֮вȱһЩ֫ҩָҲѡ
ѣǶʿ֮ҪӦһڵʿ˹
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ʱΪҵģǹƥױԣмúܶࡣ
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ܿ죬£˼ɢޣʿһСŶӾʿ˵㲻ǿ󣬵Աȴˡ
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⼸ɢްˣûʲôⱱڤ֮мڵġ
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Ѿϵ붴Ϊҵʱȫ׼ֱǳ֮С
ôһѪʯˣһ붴;ͿһѪʯ̵ʯ
Ѫʯ֮ҲһϧϣƷֻҪһѪʯܺܺõĺԼںϣʹҲǱһ㷨Ҫ˳ֵĶࡣ
ٶǿ죬˼϶ûüЦ
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ɽɭ֣ⶴ֮һҲȱ
ıۼ⣬һӾͷڲݴ֮еı
Сģһ£նȥ
ͣһīɫѪҺһΧȻбݷȻûʲôͨǶҺȴǼΪĿֲʹʿҧһڣûнⶾ鵤Ļһ֮ڱữΪһ̲ŧˮ͵˵
Լ֣ոΪҪնأȴǾһ
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ǴӺɢ޵ˣ־ܵõϢ˵ȴޱȵġ
ûʲôȤЩ黨ģЩ֮жУҲûʲôô
ⶴڲĿռ˾޴ҲʼδģܹоǿϢ
Ҳ֪ⶴ˶꣬ⶴ֮һЩ޻к޵ʵ˼̶ȵߣЩ붴Ѱʿ˵ɲһϢ


765 δ
ޣܣˡ
ܵͿɱ䲿Ҫˣ鼶ս
鷳ˣǼҪɱһͷҲҪһֽšɢ޺ױɫҲޱȵѿ
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ܱĦٿǰ˽ƷҩѵһɢޱĶŰܱĦ١
˽ƷҩȷѵһͶе㶯ġ
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æԼķ·֣ȥ
ͣ·ֽͨ鱦㲻ϣǸ˰ܵƤΪˡ
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ĶһҶûռʲôˣ˵ԵĻ¼ֲ˶þҪܸҳ⽴ˡ
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ͣһ̧һܵͷ­͹Ȼòˡ
ֱͨǲ˼飡ϲ͵ǿѾǰԤϣǿߣǷֵһͷҲǶжҪõĶˡ
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ⳤ඼΢ð
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Ȼ֪Ƿʲô£Ͷ˾ţﻹʣٶȲ˼֡
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ɢ޶ͨһżΪǿҵĿͲû̫ͨİǼΪ޵ģ鱦Ҳûô
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ǿĽҲԵеùʱʴ
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䣡˵ľҲڷֳʤԭȵĵһսߣӮҲǸļѡ
ãսһֱӷһƬ֮һ죬ռһǺǿߣһͷצ㣬ԲΪ˵ܹʮˮ˵һƬ֮鼶еĵһˡ
վںϣۻֱӴ졣
ʿҪսˣһЩʿĿźϵ͡
ʵھ͸սԲǧֱǲ֪
ǣһƬһǿߣ˵ֻҪټּ꣬һͻ֮Ѫ
ûʿýֻڵͣںԲ֮Ĳʵ̫ˡ
ߣˣû뻹˸սһ״Цһ
ϻ˵սʼʳָһ㣬ʱˮ˲ۡ
ÿ죡Χ۵ʿһˮ󣬶۵ٶҲ죬һЩڵʿ
е㱾£һҽһ壬ʮˮֱ۶ɣٶͻҪһ˿ʮˮѾȫѹ͵ˮˡ
֣Ϸһ䣬ʱˮͱʮʮͱ˶ʮ
ʮܣѵڵʿ
Ҳ¶֮ɫļҲʮˮˣʿһӾ۳˶ʮˮȻ˲򵥡
𣡡Ȼҡһ䣬һͷ޴İצǱ˺ˮ֮С
ˣս߶ûչֳԼıˣ
¡
¡һˮʮˮհӿֳ
ʮ찡ʮһǵһμʿܹ۳ʮˮġ
ǵһ
ǰʮˮһƬ֮ûܳˡ
СҲ۳ʮˮ㲻Ķ֣ǵڶҲǴ´ˡ
Ͼ֮⣬ڶҲ۳ʮˮˡ
Ȼռ˵һλǧעҪλˡʹЦһʮˮȻһ䣬֮˶ʮˮ
ܣ֮ɫ
Σһǰڵʿһʮˮܹѹ㣡һ
䣡ܼʮˮںײһ򶼱޴ײöʹǸżʮ춼ֲֿܸܵ


770 һ
⿰һƬǧΪ۷һζԾ
һЩʿҲ͹Ŀ࿴ˣĿԻǧδܵ
ˮţһδҵĶԺ伸ҪһƬ顣
ػĵ죬ֲֿ֮ӲǱʮɣ
䣡ַһ䣬ȻˮʮʮˮԾԵѹȥ
һûκεİ취ʮˮҲ޷֧ţʮˮֱѹ
ˣԼ䣬һǴûġ
ʮˮѾǽ龳ļˣһֱţԼʿ֮ûжֵġ
ɽȴƫƫͣʮˮľƻ
Ȼǿʵսʿ̲ס̾
ںԺóͨ˺壬һ±𾪣һλܵһƬΪǿ͸Եòˡ
ӽҾǵһһֱһ֮С
Ϊÿ¶õһʵʯ͵ҩԹ
Ҫʲô飬ΪͱҪػİȫһЩڵɱ¾ʿͱá
Ҳû̫ӵеĸ
ϣһսܹһע⡣͵һЦ
˴ĹˮΪľһע⣬Ҫô鷳ֲεʿһܽˡ
ǵϲҵ嵥ԼÿҪϽɵ˰աһʿٿ͵ǰûκεĲ
ЩڵϹʿ˵ǾҪģԻһҲûôӰ졣
ˮĹ٣ǻһǵĹҪ
ʹԵĿһ£һССĵÿս˾нǧƷʯ˰Ҳа򣬵Եеİٷ֮ҲʮƷʯ
һʮƷʯһǾŰˣһǹڵĲƸˡ
ҲǱһĿ𺳵ˣѹôҪˮȻһ㰡ڵһһһʯˣ˭Ҫ
Ͳ֪ǣڵǵһ죬һƬ֮Ҳĵĵ죬ԲŻ˸ߵ˰գ죬һܹǧʯ˾ѾǺܲˡ
ˣ⵺ĴҲǳĺãټӵнһĻᣬȻʿΪƴ
˵Ǳʵȥ˵ڶ죬ڶֻ˵졣
ܵ˵һ͵ڶʧֻ½һλǰ֮Улһ塣
Ͳˣֱӱ߳ǰУҪһ弸ʵ̫ãˣҪ˰ɡ
һµʲȫЩʲ֮аҩ̣иֿ
Ĺɣճе˽һЩΧҪ붯͡
һͷΪǿĺѹ֮ͷһͷˮ֮С
Բĺ壬Ȼɾˡ̾
͵һЦû˵ʲôһͷʵǲһƬ֮гܹѹһͷ֮⣬ûܹѹ
;ȫ˵ˣʮˮֱǽһͷѹˣһֵضûС
ҩ԰㵨ӹġһͷȭߵġ
ҲûЩʱҲҲ׼ȥıʲô
䣡ͻȻ䣬Ͽտռѣһֻĳһһɿֱǽ
Ҷͺһʮˮֱӱѹ˵ϡ
ʮˮǱ鱨˵ĻҪǿһ㣡һͻȻӿռѷ֮߳
һ壡üͷһ壬ܹӵ˴ͬʱóռͨģһ֮ûˡ
ȷе㱾£ѹܻӿ͵ʱҲ¶һ˿΢Ц
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ڵȻ㲻ǿߣȴгΪǿߵǱһҲûаڳʲô߰ļӣƽ׽ˣѵںͽ̸
ҽˣһ𡣡Ц˵
͡
ʱҲ¶һ˿棬Ͼڴ֮ϺİǺ֮еٮٮߣһҲǧ꣬ʵĿõģһڴϻ˺壬ȥЩš
֮ǰѾһսˣһۿͺ֮ĶԾӮù䣬ȫԾԵѹ
壬ǱǱȷʸһ壡𵭵һЦ
һǧһҲֻǿҪһ壬ͽǳΪһ°ˣһѾ׳֦ȻһУͺ֮ļֵһ֮ϡ
һ֮Ҫʲôʵ
ûѵͣһҲôģһӾͰ֮Ѫ㡣
򵥣ΪһʿΪһս꣬ڹѫ֮ѪˡЦ
սꣿڴ֮ս𣿡ʵ
ԭҲ֪սҲЩȡ
սеȨһЩɢ޸ûᡣ
ͽӦûûжʱգΪͻ֪սء
֪ҲãҲʡ˵ˡ
һĴ磬ֻҪڴ֮дڹѫһ֮Ѫˡ׳һƣƵֱһֻ޴ԵøĴۡ
ƣֻҪ׼ˣʱԽעһ֮УһƻԶռͨһ֮С
͵˵ͷһ֮󡣡
ãһ֮Ҿ͹ˡ˵ͷʱ֮ʧ
磬һһս磬һʵֱǺšͰľ
Ҳڵ֮ռһƣһȴһ֮Կһ磬һʵҪԶԶ壬Ҳ֮Ϊǿ֮һ
һҲãɲ˭ܽȥġСԺҲͷͬˣһҲǺõġ
ǲԼʿȻǰǲж
ʦʲô㣿ͿСԺ֮ǰֻǿСԺ˯Ҳ֪Ժ׼ʲô
ң˯СԺһӦӡ
ʼƺϵش
Ҳ˵ʲôСԺ˯˯Ϊչö࣬Ѿ۷ˣʱпܽڣٶʵĽ˰
ţСԺͻȻ׳һö
ʲôһ㶡
˯ξ˯ҲġСԺһǷ
ͿЦһ˯Դг֮ͺˣϾһ¾;ˣαҪ˯ء


771 
չСԺ⣬Ҳûоܾһö
СԺûĲЩƣôûϲ˯أ
һʵǿ󣬶֮жһЩϵ飬ϵͨڹ֮Ϻųǿ򲻿ɴ⡣ѵ
ģ޵Ŀ׻˵һأЦ
Ͽϵģо׻ʽнۣԸ򵥲ˡ
ϲϲѴӴ˿һɳ찡ҲõϢȫףء
һԺǰ;ʱͽԵһպǳͷˣ˵ҲǼкôġ
Щϲʿ֮кȻҲӰ
˵ǰ߳˵һ죬;͵õһ
ȴûжٵԹޣռݵһѾǧˣһҲǿǰˣβһ;
Լ֮Ĳ̫ܹھͻڣֻ˵̫һ嶼ȲҪ
ҲЦӭЩǰףصʿź֮ͱԸʿϾơ
ΣԺȻͨʿܹģһȥҪƷʯġ
͸ۡȴ洦ɼһʮƷʯ룬֧ŵˡ
ѣһ֮Ҫսģ֮еóϵͨҵˮϵͨʿкܴвѵ
Ͼڵһλǧģ֪ȻҪһ㵺࣬Ҳ֪֮ġ
޷һĳеġЦ
ǣѵʵֻҪ϶ɽڵ׵飬ȻǰȫġһʿЦ
һپ;˵Ǳ;Щʿʹ˹ϵҲǿеõһЩϢ
֮ǰ;ɻһóǿռϵͨΪλѡһ׵硣
ڽ̸֮Ͳŵ֪һҲΪóϵͨͷûпռͨǰһʿ֪
׵鰡֪Ǻӵġ͵һЦ
ԼĪһ֮ͱͽע֮Уһ͵漴ʧ˸֮ۡС
ˣԼƵһЦ
һ͵ͻȻǰ
ͲϵһۣԼϵǡһԣֻҪע˲Ϣ֮䵽һƵڡ
൱ǰѴˣȫһƶĴ󰡡
ֶͻǵһμҲֻмΪóռͨһˡ
Ŀ׼ʱһ֮ڡЦ
ЦЦһˣ
ɽᣡ¶һ˿Ժ֮ɫ
ɽᣬųĵһɽ壬ɣǺľ
߰ɣҴȥ˵
䣡߳ţ;Ϳһֻ޴ſڷɹΣǧɡ
͵ɽ֮洦ɼһЩΪ޴ģﵽɣʮɡ
һͺʵģһǧҵ൱ں徳ʵɾ飬ʮɾǶɽˡ͵
˳˵һ£峤ǰɣٺһЦ
Щɵ;Ҳ󵽵ж
ҲǽԼɣһǧҵġ
һ紵һͷͻȻ仯һͤͤŮ
һŮҲǵһЦεһҲ࣬ѾǴ˰ڹѫ֮ѪҶһˡңΡովϰ
塣εЦЦͬΪ壬ȻЩ׽ġ
ܲ˵ھʮˮˣεЦ
Ҳû뵽ԼѾһˣε֪
ս֮¾εͬΪ壬̸ҲһЩ˵
İɣӣһúչСʦܵġεЦ͵Դ
εЦЦ
Сʦܣҿķȥɲˮϵˣû˵˾ͰԼ˵ˡεһ˵
һһ׻ʽͻȻС
ϵεһ
㻹Ȼϵ粻Կˡε˵ͷ
óȻԼƵһƵģҲûεע⣬ֻһϵ
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ץˣҵĿռ䴩ǺܿģҪĳһռ֮Ҿû취ˡεѵ
͵˵ͷ˫ֽץסεë
ಣε޴ͻȻʧȻһռ֮г֣ʧˣʧٴΣͣ
ˣǰͨĴˣߣεָ֮˹ȥ
¿ЦҡҡͷոյĿռ䴩ȷЩˣһյĹʹԽٸռ䣬Ҳ֪ɳ˶پ롣
ɽ̫޴Ҳֻ˾޴ɽݵЩ쳣޴
ףεʦҪˣʿƺεϤһεʹк
ţһδʦܽȥεЦ
ԭˡνļʻǺܸߵģʹһ֮Ҳвʿ֮Уģһ㶼һ˴ţԼһΣա
ʦһ尡
ţܲɡεЦͽ˴֮С
͸ſǿ񱩵ϵ͵ȣ缸˵ˡ
һץһ׾ֱǼϵıء
Ƶһ׷ɽҪʱ֮Уʱ̺ܶ౶
鶼óϵͨһЩ׵磬ǿֲǧҪСһ磬ɲܹȻ׬ȡѫĵطոջһЦεڽ֮ɫͱޱȵء
ۣһɫ׵ͻȻӲݴ֮
ž͵һץһڹһ׵˲ͻΪ˴͵֮С
һֻȫð׹һһ뿪ˡ
֮͵ȵãֻ³һ׵磬֮ûʲôвˡεĵͽš
ٻε飬һ̾Ҫܡε˵
Ϊʲô
ܹΪε׵ҲǶɽڵĴڣǵʵԶԿɽڵ׵顣ε˵
ɱһЩ׵һѫ˵ɣϾһν磬Ҫ̫ǿˡ


772 
йľҲûжٵĿ־塣
͵ۻĵ֮ȣ֮дϵҪ̫࣬ǲõĵˡ
ۣͽٿʮɽΧһͷӥ
ϵһٶȵһĳƺſɲ˵ģһͷӥϵƶٶȼ죬ҪնɱҲһ򵥵顣
ʮɽΧ׷½֮£һͷӥҲǼƬ̾ͱնɱ
һѹεΪͻԿϾһνʿڲЩϵ£ױϵˡ
͵ıεԼЩȫǶġ
ͲٿʮɽҲ࣬һͷӥƵ·ӣһյĹͳɹһͷӥɱ
һͷӥڻ׺ˣӦÿԶһǧѫټϻɱһͷӥĹѫˡε˵
Ҳɱ߽ϵĺôˣѫ۵Ļǳ죬ѫɱǧֻҲ׬ôࡣ
ǵԵȣһĹѫȻǸѰ졣
һͷӥһڵʿеĶħҲܶһҵԵ㣬ٰʬ彻ȥĻҲܶһԵ㣬һ֮ȴܹһѫ
ġңΡöٹѫһģ̲סʵ
ʮҰɣһ֮ҲǶεЦ
ͳĬ֮׬ڵԵΪܶˣ˭뵽һ֮һңΡͼֵʮڹѫնɱһͷ徳ϵҲֻŪҵĹѫҪڹѫҲһ򵥵鰡
һŴ˰ڹѫ㻹ءһʱҲһ忼ʱ䣬ֻҪΪ£ҲԸΪеһԱεһЦ
͵˵ͷٿŷɽϵնɱյʮѫ֮ͱεͨǵĴصɽ֮С
յһſռ䴩ͨСռΡҲһеֻͨб֮Ѫ֮пʩչġεԼ֪ȫ͡
ôε
ܲȻ֮ǻԸּΪ䡣
ǾͺãǽӻʯͷҪպıˡ΢΢һЦ
ɽ̫͵ĶסϵҪϰʱ䡣
ҲֻЩ˿ռ䴩ͨһܹ˴ɽ֮ж
ε˵͵סʩչռ䴩ͨҲҪķѰʱ䣬͵Ķһһؿһ궼ȥˡ
ͶȥˣȥɱȥҲһ
ûεһԣҲܷſֽˣ޾дӡĳһöö׾ͬһ¡
ʱ֮оѾһ׾ɵСɽѡ
֮еһЦЩ׾ٶȱȻӿ죡
Сǿһ׾ˮǰѾǳԹһˣǴϵĳǰδеģֻĸо˷ܡ
磬һ㣬ҪԵģС֮д
̰ԹʹһУǧ׾֮С
֮еϵޱȵĴԴԴߣͲõĻľҲǺƵʩչ޾дӡ
𣡡һͷˮɫıţ˴ģľнѾеܲˡ
壬㲻Ҫ̫ˣɲӭ㡣ˮɫıӺһ
ˮױ۾ʱ
ȫˮ׹ɵˮױ൱һڵǿߣնɱһͷˮױҲܻýһĹѫֵ鼶֮ѾǱȽϸߵļֵˡ
𣡡ˮױŭһһˮֱ¡
ۣЩˮ׻ûпͣͱһɫĹâɡ
ʲôˮױһͱӲĴ򱬡
һˮױϵˮףͿɲ¡
ƽ֮Ͷ׵Ҳ൱ǿڼϽ۵ػܹ˵׵ָ
ˣСӽˮױʬӽ֮С
еϵ󲿷ֶɴϵɣǵѪСҲǴкôġ
˵Ҳһˮױϵϵ̫񱩣С֮⻹û˭ֱģҲֻһԿŸż
Ŵ̹еҩԣܴʵôǿģСӵһյ˵
¿ûа׳ԵͣһѽСӾ飬ֱӶһȺ֮С
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ڵϵҪˮױº͵Ķ࣬ǼҲԷáͽֻ彻˷ǡ
СӴڴڵʳͬÿֻҧһСڣǹܼ֮á
ĿǰʵնɱһЩ龳ϵ鲻Ҫ̫򵥣һĹȥԽЩϵˡ
׻˫Եϵ飡ǰһ
֮Уյһ׵Բʲô£ܹԺںϵȴǼ١
ǰһͷˮױǽˮԺںˣڵǿˡ
ǰһͷں˻ԵĻʵҪһͷˮױ֮ϡ
һԽԽˣһڵСҲҵĵҰŭš
ͶúЩ֮еϻЩҪΪʿġ
вһſųɫĻÿһŻ֮ж̺żΪֲ׻֮һըʹʿҲⲻҪܵش
ҲˣЩ֮еһЩѾյ֮ͨ⣬ܹʹñͨսķʽҲǼΪĵһ
һζСǧһַʽսѾ뵽ǵѪҺ֮УʩչǵӦ֡
žž׹һֻɫֱӽЩķɣ
󾪣ôܻôǿ
㡭㲻龳磡񾪻֮ҪӶݡ
һڵֱӲסһֻ
ķԼڷٵʧƬ̣ͳʧˡ
Ȼ׻Բʺҵġͳһ
תٶȣ֮ϵڶĻ¾û˭ϵһˣ൱ǿߵĻڵ׻Ӵ󣬾һҲδܾת֮İ£һյʱ䶼ãһֻڵѾתΪԼˡ
ʺ磡ͳХһʵ΢СһϵֱǱ˹ȥ


773 ʳ
ʲôĸХԶ֮⣬ͷҵһڽһͷˮױȥ
ʳ龳Ҫɱһͷͬ龳ϵʵɲˣֱһ£ˮױһľ;ˡ
Ӧİɣ򲻻˴󵨵ģһǵ˶ɽڵϵ飬ɳԲ˶ߡһͷ˵
ˮױ֮ͷҲΡ
һսǿǶǧɵҲж㣬ڷսһ廹ϰ̬
һһŮ˿Хķ
˵ģϺһʿ˵ھʮˮ˻ŮԼ޽ǡ
Ҳ˵ˣѵûһʿȤЦ
һХӦѾѶɽڵϵȥˣҪҪȥһ£
ҲãϾҲһˣҪǰװǻȥҲýӵ˵ͷһ˵ӰʹԽգ֮вϴ
ͿŸͷϵ飬Ũ׵֮ƽ
ϵ飬Ƕɽڵʵ˰ɡͻǵεԼĸ룬һεϵ飬һҪ̾ܡ
ǵùǵãղͲһˡ
Ǻþˣ͵һЦ
壬һģȻҪһͷϵŭһ
ͷ˷ۣΪǼҲҪҵ
ѣɣ
Űǲ֪ûʵ͵һһڵĳͳС
ù죡ͷɽڵϵһеĺɫһּΪĸо
֮յԽĴˡҲǰľ
֮еܹõ֮Ѿˣ֮ɲôƿصġ
ȥ꣬;Ѿ֮ܽ磬ڼҲǸ˲ٵŬġ
ôоǵǱѹһ㣡Ǻϵ鲻̿ˮ
ôˣոջǺôڶˣһЦ
Сӣ㱻̫ˣҪת˲֮ˡϵһ
Ŷ𣿡һӣһڵĵâֱ
˻ôܣ
⵶âùŹ֣
ҵ
ɽڵϵʧɫʹһâûпǣڵȻʧ˲١
ŶȻںԵϵ飡;һ
ǺϵΪǿںϵľԣľϵӵеϵΪǿ
ˣҪôں׻ˮԣҪôʹں׷ˮо׷ľˮ۵һԶԶȲǺϵ顣
նϵ鵥һͶնĹ켣նѾصĴ͵֮ϡ
׵ٶȱͿ죬ǺͬóٶȵķһɲһһڶˣٶȼǳʼαͷӦˣҪܿѾ̫ˣֱӱնС
Ƕɽϵ𣿲ˣͲ˲ǵѪ
ܣˣλɽڵϵˣնȻֻһѪ
нֽۣƽ˵㣬Ƿ绹ܹɵ˺Ǽ޵ġ
ЩɽڵϵܹкΪһĻôͶٻЩɵǽֻںԣô;ȫûбҪɵˡ
ϵͨҲᣬǶ׻һѾһɽڵϵڡ
һɱңһɽڵϵһŭһ͵ؿڡ
ʱں׷ˮԵ׵ֱӽɣ
סԼ壬ɽڵϵȷмֱ£Ǳȡ˴ܲάڶɽپ綼˵
ţüͷһ壬֮˿ռĲ
ֲϤεڴռʱָо
ܹʩչֿռ䴩Ҳֻһˣ
һ˳֮Ҳ쾭壡
һһɫĳ˲ʧˣɲһ֪֮
ৣʮ׻ʽ˳ƶնâ
Щ׻ʽǸոƶɣԭƵģ֮Ȼ޷˺ЩѾﵽ˶ɽپϵ顣
ʳȻ䣬ֻհϮͳ˴ϵֱӱȥ
ҿŭһɽڵϵ鱾֮ˣͷȴһˡ
ɽڵϵ鰡Իȡǧѫˣ
ţǶɽڵϵ飬ȥҾûԴһٺһЦ
ߣߣϵ߷ߵĿһۣæˡ
Ǻһ嶷ô꣬Щ֮СĳϵģϵĳһȺϵģ֮лһЩϵϵ򣬿ͱһˡ
ҲδûһֵĹϵϾռһҲףĽ˵ĻһĺôҲ͵ͷˣ治ϸˮһܴԲûгǿ߽ɨһ飬ֻԵų˼ͷʮɵ֮
ˬˬɽڵϵˬΪ֮ӻڻζһͷϵζ
λʦ֣ʦ㣡֪һģҲֵܱ̫
һģҪˣ֮֮ͣ͡һͷɽڵϵȻˬ˵ʲôЦǺǵġ
ǶԷԽˬ;Խˬһͷɽڵϵ˵ǧѫټǾϵʵġ
ʦܰɾ̫ΣˣûмʱϵģΣˡһŮĳ˵
үҪͷɽڵϵ鶼ҵˡŭһϻǱֳһмӡ
ӦþǸ˰ɣúøɣһǲġӹЦ
ǣڹѫһᾡġһ˵ڹѫ͵ľڵѪǧĹѫôˡ
ˣһ㶣ע⵽ƺֻſһ̣Ͱһͷɽڵϵˡ
ʦ֣ոǡ
ٺ٣ɣʳһ츳ܹͨͨҲֻѣɾĻҲһˡ·ҫҲûвţֱ˵˳
һȻǿ󣡡˳һƨ
ʵҲôģԼŪѪ֮ѪҲֻǵõһۼ׻ǿĻָʲô츳ͨƺһϵûС
һģһ֮ѪառΡּΪõ츳ͨˣпܾʳְޱȵͨȥõһ֮ѪǱһҪˡ


774 ׹
츳ͨĶٺǿֱӾ޵սѾ۳࣬ȴһ츳ͨûоѵʿҲһˣ֮е⡣
ֻҪú֮սյðڹѫҲпܾʳͨ͡ˡһͷɽڵϵ飬ҲԽԽ˳ۣ˵ȻͶһ㡣
۹ⲻȷһ˲šŮЦЦ
ҽ磬飬ϵպǻлġЦ
λߣ͵˵ͷ
ˣһһͷɽڵϵ飡ͶҲΪơ
ҲǺ˴˹ϵ֪츳֮ͨлʳһǿͨġ
ʳǰڵʱҲ˵ų̾ģޱȡ˵
һ츳ͨҲΪΣգһʵ˽ȥ޷ܵĻпܾͱˡҲһ¡
ʵҲ֪ʳ϶ʲôȱݵģȻ粻ֻһϵȥ
ʳﲻ̵Ļʣͷɽڵϵܵ
˾ͺãһ˿ԼϵϢһЩϵֱӱնɱ
һЩ֮սҲ͵ϢЩĸǸϵ˲䣬;Ѿˣֱӱܿǡ
СһˬˣͿھ׻ʽ֮ѽѽ׻¶һ˿Ц⡣
֮еϵ׻˵ֱǴ󲹰
ڵ׻̫С뿪׻ʽЩϵﻹл·
ѽѽСһϵҪֲ̫һͷڵϵһ֮ͱһˣҶûʣ¡
С鲻ˣСһ׾һһŵĽš
ĿȻǲˡͷ˷ۡ
СƲƲ죺һСƨˣô಻±ҭţΪá
ʸ˵ԼҲòȥһ׾ǽĶˣҲûʲôºһ
޾дӡ׾ȷǶ࣬Ǻü˷֣һӾûˣлǱС̳˴룬һСȫȥι׻ˣ½ǷֵһС֡
ι׻޻˵Ͼ͵ı׻ոγɲãȷҪϵɳ
СӾͲһˣûʲôϵͨΪڸ֮˴׾⵱ǿ벻̣
绹ģ㻹û׾µָСںôԻôԡ
ҲֻܹӣҲ̫ˡ¿͡
УҸʱɱãŮ˲ҪҺʹ֮ĸ顭飡Сּһ䡣
С⻰˵Ҳû֮УõľҪСˣ˵С߹ġ
ߣֻӣˣҺúýѵ㣡»ûΣ־ҪȥץСӡ
㣬ȥˣһ׾̽ӣƨɣһ̵ľûӰˡ
֮һƬСɭˣһֻһͷ˽ȥ¿϶ʶһʱỹҲ
׻ʽ黹ҪϵɣɱϵٶȱӿˣͺһһֱӲɭ֮С
һʩƣǿֲ׵֮˲ʢʹԶڰ֮ⶼĲ
ǿϵһɽڵϵϲ
Щϵ˵һϵջǲԶģܹϵпܾܶһԣ˲ʵ
ãûˣе鷳͵ĺһ
Ͼô󣬼ʹнǧ˽磬һɢĻ֮Ҳδػһ
һʮͷͷɽڵϵ飬Ķڵģзɣһ˸첼Χ
ѽѽ׻·ҲᵽʳζѽѽĽиͣ
ϵҪˣһͷڵϵ鿴ϲûü֣һɫĳʹ֮С
ѽѽϵڴϵֱӱ׻ɡ
һͷһͷնɱ鼶ϵǶɽڵϵҲֻ΢鷳һ㡣
Сһܳԡһɱʮͷϵ飬׻ʹһ㲢ûʲôԵı仯
ҪɳͱȽ˵
Ȼɳһ㣬ǳɳ֮ҪЩǿзӡڷ֮еҪǿ˲֪ٱ
ʮͷ鼶ϵ飬ټʮͷɽڵϵ飬ΪҲṩڵĹѫ
ʵڵ绹磬ҪѫֵǺܼ򵥵顣
ڵʱǺԲѾս徳ĶħˣڳΪʿҪնɱɽڵϵҲʲô£϶ɽڵϵҲһս
ڹѫֵܶ࣬һͷɽڵϵṩһǧĹѫֵһնɱһͷڹѫֵˡ
Ҫʿ֪뷨Ӷһ
ɽڵϵʥôɱģһʿһҲֻǿɱһͷˣһͷԼĿԵǱȽϴ
ܹϵȫնɱ֮Ѱһط
ѵ֮ͻȻһ졣
ôˣһ㶡
Ǹ̵ˡָԶһ̣²ҿһϵò׻ָɲôװױߡ
ˣͷ֮Ѿϵˡ
ζ˼£Ҳûмʲô쳣Ǳˡ
һεҡҡͷΪһ֮ʲôıģڿҲֻ͵һԸˡ
˲ʱʱ̶̿ߺ˵ģôʿûзʲôôҲһˡ
㡭㡭㡭³Ծָ͡
ôˣӺԼһ
Ŷ䣬ȻˣСҲǾĿ͡
ǡ׹¿ͱһʱʧɫ
ʲôʱôϵͨȻܹ۳׹ࣿ²˼Ŀ͡
׹࣬ʲôʲôͻЩ⡣
㿴һУһˮγһ澵ӣͿԼ׹ࡣ
ȥҲԼһŵˣ̫׶ˡ
ʲôʹ󾪡
㶮ʲô׹ϵͨµľп۳ķ࣬ࡣ°һۡ
ΪһС׹໹Щоģʹܹ۳׹Ҳһ֮Ǻεºܣ


775 ۡ
ͽӵˣһγɵĸ
˵мϵĹȴħ֪Ļϵʥ𹦡
˵Ҳֻ޻װˣһϵϵͨգʿ۳׹ࡣ
ѵ׹Ϲˣ²ֻͷ
ԼеĪԼʲôʱ۳׹ˣ
ţüͷһ壬˿ע⵽һ֮е׵һ˵ٶţոջ״̬˿ȴʣ֮һˡ
׹࣡ڷڣ֮еȻȫע뵽׹֮С
ôܣδ׹һ֮еѾľͱ׹ͻȻʧˡ
׹أôˣ²ʵ
ָָһ̣ոյ׹Ӧþ̸Ĺˡ
ɡʶٻ׹ࡣ
ৣһ׹͵ıֳһ𵭵ӰԶԶûиոֽʵĸоȴǴš
ô̵ʱ䣬;Ѿǳ۳׹ࡣ
̫ˣ̾ȻֹЧοܳ۳׹ˡҲǾĿһ̡
ϵųƹһٶȵһҪԶԶҪѡ
ħ֪ġʥ𹦡ǻϵ֮жĹĪ˵ǽɣӰӶûм
۳һ࣬Ҳǿۺ֮Ѫá
ȴͳ۳׹࣡
ϵͨ㲻ϵͨʵ̫˷ˣĵ˵
ӵ׹֮ϵֵͨûзʱҲǲͬն
ͿЦһҵ밡Ҵѧϵͨ
УҪ֤⴫ȻҲ鷳ġ˵
УһشİɡЦ
ΪһСһϵͨҲ˵ùȥ
ˣһֻͨۡüͻȻһϹ⣬漴һͱը˷ĩ
ǿһܼ̣ͨǲܽݻٵģ˵ըɷĩˣֻ˵ʩչġۡһͨʵֲ̫ˡ
ûʵ壬ҲûĿҲʮ֮һ²˼ЦЦ
ʮ֮ʮ֮һѾ˿ֲˣȫĻǶɽٺڵʿҲɱ˰ɡ
¿һۣһĲ֮أͲ˵ģѾ׹࣬ûϵͨĻ̫ϧˣҲŻὫ⡶ۡڸ㡣
лˣ֣صĵ˵ͷ
ֱӽ⡶ۡ͵Ժ֮С
ۡȱҪĿԼ飬Ҳñ˵飬ĿԽãɹ֮ʩչۡҲԽǿ֮ǰһͷǧĿ˵۾Ŀ½һ
ǧĿˣֻǿЦһǿǴ˵еĴڣȥĻ˵϶ǱԷһ³
ãһֻ֮ۡͰ˿
ҪԼ۾ĿǾԲԸģһֻ֮ҲͽһºˣԺиõ۾ĻٻҲ١
ڵķͻ۴׵֮֮۴飬ķµʱ䡣
һ֮󡭡
ʲôͨô˰Եһͷɽڵϵֱӱɢˡ
ۡһ崫е˵ޱȰ̲סЦ˳
ɽڵϵ鰡Ȼסһۡ
̫ˣ⡶ۡòҪãһ֪ˣǿ϶Ὣڣʱ򲻽Ҫù߶Ҫһùºһ
ûôذɣһСֻˣҲΪңӦòܵǣİɡҲû뵽ôء
̫СԼӳ̶ˣһͨ˵⡶ۡһģһضһ֮ΪţͨһһȻȫ׷ɱ˵
ôأһʩչȽϺáͲӣ⡶ۡȷǺãؼʹõķʵ̫޴ˣҪðűһ׷ɱķʹãҲûж˸ˡ
⡶ۡԽ͵ġǧܽ󡷣˵Ŀǰǿɱﵣһ־ɽڵϵ鶼û˿ĵֿ֮
úһ׹࣬кܴĺô˵
ģȵһ֮е׵֮֮һһġЦ
һȫʩչ̫׵֮ǰװ˷ˣʹޱȡ
Ҫȵ֮ڵһԺˡ
֮޾׶Ҫһʱʿ°Լ˸ɶδܰҲ֪ĸʿƳ־˵ıӦϹʱĳʿˡ
ৣһۣһͷɽǰڵϵֱӱը
˵Ҫ̫ʹⱻ˷֣֮µˣҲǺܻ䣬һ־ǵۣһɱɱϵҪ̫졣
ô޽Ƶʹãֻ۾ܿͻᱨϵġεҡҡͷ
ûϵһֻ۾ֻȵģҴڹѫ֮ұһı֮жһһֻǿ۾ͿǺˡ
һʷҪǳõĶ࣬ҲҪǿĶ֮࣬еıȻҲǶĶ࣬һЩ֮ûеĶҲС
Ҫһֻ۾Ҳʲô¡
һһʿȶһһ֮ѪҲʮڵĹѫֵȻڶһһĴ䡣
ͶҪ󲢲ߣһһ֮ѪŴѵĹѫԻȡһֻȽϺõ۾ˣһֻ֮ҲԵÿпˣʱ򷢻һô
˵ҲжʮڵĹѫֵĿ㿰ƾˣһ¾һ֮еǿߣҪʮڵĹѫֵҪʮңͲǵڶνˣĹѫֵһٶš
֮Ϳ֮ѾýڵĻ֮۳һ֮ʹ˲°ٴεۣһֻ۾Ҳǲظǳױˡ
ӦһʮڹѫˣҲûȥˡͽ׻ʽ˻
Ҹոնɱһͷϵ飡һСкű廹Ҫߵľ׻ʽһһġ
ţʵչĺܿ졣Ҳǵ˵ͷʱ䣬׻Ҳڳһ㣬ЩȻźܴĲࡣ
׻ʵҲǶԸԪӤʿϾЩǿˡ


776 һ֮Ѫ
ĳɳٶ˵׻Ѿǳɳĺܿˡ
֮޴ڵĴϵûпļ׻ʽ׻ҲȻǿѸٳɳ
οͻ˴׾׻˴ϵ飬׻ɵϵҲ鼶ģǶɽټϵҲʮͷۺҲǼֵڹѫֵġ
۾գûգѫֵô׻ˡ
⹦ѫֵҲ̫׬ˡͿһͷɽٳڵϵ鲻ĸп
֮еʵѹʽģ۳׹֮󣬶Ըʵ̫ˡ
׹ϵͨı棬ЩϵǰŪ׵ֱǰŪһ֣ЩϵڵĴᱻһ׹ɡ
ʧ˴ϵǶɽΣ󻹲Ǳնɱ
֮֮еһ̾ڵע׹֮С
һܴǺܾ˵ģһȡЧֱ˾̾
ͱ׹ҲֻǺõģע֮±ԽԽʵ
̵޼֮Ȼܹʿ˼򵥾۳׹࣬Ҹұ֤һϵ̵֪ĴڣӵĺǶᱻץֻ˵
˵һ塣ͷ˷ۡ
һóϵͨҲʲôˣһ忴ͨռͨȣϵͨȻ˲٣ͻû˵һ֮һͷɹ۳׹ġ
ҲҪ֪СЦһ
˵ǰǸĻôھǸԲὫ̵й¶ȥ
ʹ׹ɣҲֻῼν̴ݻ٣
ֶֻԼУһй¶ȥǱ޾鷳
һ֮е˺ܾãһε
ͱ׹ѾܹĿ׹ݣһνܹһģӰˡ
׹ӦСɾ˰ɡ²ȷ˵
ܹ۳׹ʿʵ̫٣¶ûʲô
أ׹ԽԽǿͺá͵һЦ
⵽ʲôһͷɽڵϵ͵û˿ķ֮һ˿׵ֱ֮ͱ׹֮С
һͷɽڵϵ顪
ɱһͷɽڵϵͬɱһ򵥣۳׹֮ǰġ
ʵȻϡǧܽնɱɽǰڵϵ鲻ʲô⣬ԸɽڵҲһİգǾ޷ɵġ
һͷɽڵϵҲֵǧѫһЩȽıڹѫ
׹ĴڣЩϵͳͳǱͿƣնɱҪ̫ɡ
Ƕɽڵʿǰ׬ȡѫٶҲԶԶȲ͵ġ
ֻҪһЩΪϵϵ飬ôǶɽǰڻǶɽڣǶɽٺڵϵ飬͵ҲƶĹѫֵˡ
ڹѫֵҲٶȥǧڹѫֵпܵġֽһͷɽڵϵնɱ֮Ϊε̾˿
̫ˣ㻹ʿɶֹɣҪôɱȥЩϵϵҪˡ̲ס˷ۡ
ҲǣѾٶڹѫˣɱȥδ̫ˡ͵˵ͷ
ڶνһˢڶĹѫһ֮ҲǼΪġ
һֻֻҪʮڹѫñ˰͸̾һ
ǰΪʮڹѫܶ࣬ڿȴҲһˡ
ʲôϢһ𣬲豭֮вˮһ㡣
ʮڹѫȷû̲סʵ
ûдһϢ͸˹ʮڹѫǧȷһ˵
ˣȥɡ˵ͷ˻֡
ǲС꣬Ȼ׬ȡͨʿ궼δܹ׬ȡĹѫ𵭵̾˿
ʮڵĹѫֵǶɽټʿҲô̵ʱ׬ȡ˶Ĺѫֵ
һѾܹһ߼֮Ѫˡ𲻽̾˿
ͬΪһҲиֵ֮ģһıѪͳȽϸ߹츳ͨһϤľӢҲһΪĴ
ոǮŵʿֱȽϵ͵ȵģûлֻһ츳ͨһ֮еĵλҲԶԶһˣǱʹӡ
ͬε֮ܲѪȻҲǲͬģʮڽΪ֮ͨѪҲЩûо츳֮ͨѪ
һ֮Ѫģųɶû츳ֻͨ˶츳ͨҲһЩСġ
εһ㣬ֻǶһʮڵ֮ѪܺãȻˡռΡֱȽϺͨɽ֮εĵλҲҪһҪ߳١
ڹѫֵѾܹһ߼֮ѪˣҲζţֻҪ͵̫һ֮ѪҲܹ츳ͨպɽ֮еĵλԺƽƽˡ
սԱһˡ𲻽üͷ
ԭĴڰнһ֮ʩһЩݣҳְһһʮڼ֮Ѫܹ츳ͨͱȻǶж£ҲܳɹԼ¡
չֳ츳ʵƺѾƿصķΧʮڹѫֵҲûó
һ˿ɲ˰Цһ衣
ȷЩҵˣʮڵĹѫֵ˾֮⣬һûмĸʿһġҲǿЦһ
˾ѵΪܹ˾ȣЩȡ
˾һҲǴ棬ʵ˵鼶һˣͺεºܣܹ˾ȡ
Ҳҡҡͷ֪̫Բ¶ˡ
֮ϵӦû㲻պΪѲ⣬ͱˡЦ
Ҳôģ
Ԥϵһ㣬͵ȷǶһһ߼֮Ѫ˵⻹һһ峤֮Ѫ˵Ѿ˰ˣȴûܹһ֮Ѫһȥ
Ĵˣ֮ѪûôģʹĽҲܰװ˷ѫֵ
һЩһʿڶʱ֮Ҳ׬ȡôĹѫֵһ֮ѪҲһֱѹ
ʮڹѫֵĹ󡣡Ϳƿ֮һɫ֮Ѫ̾һ
͵ԸܹһõȻΪʡǼѫֵΪԼ֮ѪļԽߣպչǱҲԽ
͵֮ضǹѫֵ㲻ˣȥһȦϾˡ


777 ռ
ҲȲĿʼһ֮Ѫ
䣡һޱӴ־͵Ժ֮ը
һͷɣɵ߷ɣֱ졣
һͷޱ޼ʵĴ֮Уһţ޴ĹֱǱɡ
ֻһͷʱϾ죬ʱ뺣ϵ½Գ
֮е鶼㷲
֮е鶼׳
ֻһͷˣ
ðԵ־عͷԼһ亹
һѪҺ֮־Ȼܺ͵񣬺һ֮Ѫ˵ǿ˺־硣
ɣʹԵһ㣬Լֲ־֮оȻ˽һµʱ䡣
еĵˣһ֮Ѫ̫ǿˣҪķѵʱҲ˵ʮЩֻ
ʲôѵʱˣЦЦֻҪ㹻ɾʱʲôĶ⡣
ɫǽ֮дһɾʱٿһһͱտĴ֮ȫһ֮Ѫ
͵֮Уһɫ֮Ѫ֮һֻ͵һͷ𽥱͸
ֻн׵ĺԼĵںһɡ
Ľʵ̫ˣʹͶʱ٣ٶҲʵЩԽܡ
һ֮Ǹ¥Ĵڿ
һޱ֮лص
һͷޱȾ޴Ҫˡ
ô󣡡Ҳ̲ס̾һ
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ԽǿͨԽǼѣռħ綼ǶͨɲʮɹģǧҲֻ͵Ĺưˣʱ궼δһز


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ǧ꣬ΪһżΪǿĿռϵͨǧɣȨ⣬⵽ֵֵ
ʣһżΪǿĿռϵͨһɶԺĺôǲԶģпһǰռ֮⴩Դ֮ٷ䣬һжпܵģռξһǿͨ
ΨһļɻЩ䣬ǺΪʲôһҪѰҡ
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780 
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781 ǧС
ӦһС磡һİ֮УһͷޱȾ޴ͻȻ֡
һȺڿչֳľ޴֮󶼿ʼӴܡ
СǧС磬һС硣
ΧС磬һЩСΪһЩС壬һЩϡŹֵ塣
һ֮еǿͻȻ۾
ڣѾ㲻ˣĿ磬һӾͷһС֮ǿߵڡ
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ˮ֣Ȼڵʿ֮пû˻ʿ̫ǳ֮һ΢ɫһʿۻ̶϶ԶԶˮĵġ
С磬֮ûκαȽϵĿԣ֮Ĳͬһؤ͵һ㣬ĻԶн
֮еĴͨ߻ƾǿʵǿнС磬С֮пûʲôʿӵΪ
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֮һͷ·һ㣬Ƭ̺͵ɽ˵ͿУһ
Ŀ⳯һɨĿ֮һƬƬɽʯѣƺǰǴʱһ޶δκ쳣֮¡͵üһһɨ󣬾ûʲô֡һͺȻһȫ˫Ŀע롣
һΣܿ˷֡ɽͷܾȻа˸εضһֵķ󣬽ɽͷ¡
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һͷܹ޾ռ֮дͲС֮еʿֵܹġ
Ȼǲ֪ԼһƿҩȻˮĲ뷨ˮĻеӣû顣
ʯƺܹ˫ʯĦţܹĸоԼһʧһһıЩʯɡ۳һ
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˵֮ǰһһǿĳһС֮зһö鱦飬һö鱦ƺѾΪȫ壬ѾһĨǣֲ֮һǿ߶޷
һС磬ȻǱһ鱦ˣһСƺҲˣʧ޾֮С
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Щʯںпյ鱦鳣µӰ죬Ҳ鱦һ˿ԡ
͵ɣ·ʵܹߵġͽסˮġ
һǿǵˮĵʵһ鱦飬˵Ǳɡ
Ҳǹ˼ˮģΪٵҲһʿ鱦ĻȡʱͿ϶һЩ鷳ˮıѵĻҲûܹȫ˵İա
ˮһ㶣ǵ˵ͷ˵ģѾ˼ˣû͵ҩ֧ŵĻֵܼġ
֮󲻷ҩĻǰ·һ۷ƿ֮еĵҩܱ֤ܹȻ뿪
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ˮƺǴԶˣҲͶˮһ˿͡
ͷѣ֪ʲôʲô鲻ܹ˳õ鱦Ļ͵ǿ԰һѡ
Խ룬ɵԽǿҲȷϣɽ֮еı鱦顣
ҿֻһ̤ʱɽѣʯɽ˲
ÿֲѾ˳ȥˮĿɽҲһľ
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ͬ鼶ģ֮ĲѾ޷ˡ
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͸ѾΪһ壬Ȼһ¾Ѿ˸ˡ
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ҵ㲻֪鱦һ־Ϳʼڵ
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ৣ鱦鲻Ǹոγɰˣεֵס֮ǵûκεǱ͵һ롣
Ҳҽ鱦ڲȫɣˣһ鱦ٵĻôǿ޶ˣС֮δػһ鱦ȥȡʹУѾȫĻҲ׶ܹȡġ
ȡ鱦֮Ҳãû뵽ǽһС͵õһ֮е鱦飬ɲһĺãܹȥĻռһòһǧء
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ˮЦЦʵԼһС֮һǵһǿߣһȥ磬Ҳֻͨʿ֮еһλˡ
͵˵ͷ˸־ˮǧС֮еһǿѾôˣҪ˲һгΪ֮ΪͨһӣȷЩѶȣ˸־Ҳǿ
ˮҪһ鱦ҲΪ˼ǿһǿߵĵλ
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żỮһЩС磬޴ĳһ˶ޱȿֲ쫷磬Ҳ͵ĿƷΧ֮ڡ
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ȻΪС磬ʿų϶ľľϵɭҲǸĹ
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һС絹ĶɳһŴ֮ϿԶǵһЦ
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ЩճϢȻ򵥣ȴޱȵĿ֣Ҳ¶һ˿Ц⡣
и˵·ȻЩĽЩ˼򵥶ʵҲЩĽˣںܾǰ;ѾԼĵ·һԥǰߡ
磬ĹӲСӲ֪ժһεĹӹﻹţȻ뵽֮ǰһֻСѾ͸ˡ
ţȷǲȻû֮ȴһ˵ĸо͵˵ͷ
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СӴڴڵĽţȻЩӶѾûκεôСֻҪܹڸ֮㹻ˣʲôԺԿ̷ҩڵġ
һֻȻ͵ǵĹʵ鲼಻ͣĳСʯ顣
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СӣɫһһСӡ
ҷҾԲǹģֻǿϳһѹӰˡСӺε̯̯֡
ҡҡͷżһ㣬ͻء
˼һֻ̫ƤˣЩӶǮҳǮ⳥Ǹ⡣
òãӰˣֵǮģֻΪЩԲ׷˳ġһӼæҡҡͷ
׷Ϊ⼸ӣҪһСӣһҲûʲô⡣
Ҿ˵Źʲô˵ġСںĴӹڲϵĴָ֮ͳһöӴڴڵĿ
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ҪչСܵܵİСӲΪܷΪٵ˵
ˣˣһˣٿľĲǱɣ鲼ӾȻʧʹ
ǵ飡Ρ
ʲôľ滹ǰʱõĻ߻һĺôģЩӦþΪС֮еֹʵģСôһڣҪϹľԶԶ㣬пܾҪ֡
ôɽӣ鲼ӾȻ
ҲΪΣ壬Щľʲôģ
ǸľҪÿ궼ҪľϹľ¡һҡҡͷ
ٿľɲһС£ˡ
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ɣɣҪһգһճġ鲼
ߣʲôݣҲңһŵ۵һ鲼ӵؿڣ˿ûԼֱǽ鲼߷ɡ
һߡҡҡͷһν鲼ӽסһ鲼ӵ֮Уֱӽ鲼ݵȻûܵκε˺
Сֵܣδ̫ݶ˰ɡЦеĿһһߡ
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˭ҹľڵ飡ȻʿԼľڵĵӣκ˷
ľڣľС֮ΨһɣľС綼ľڵƿ֮ڣľС֮п˵Ȩ죬ľڵһŵӣľС֮ҲǿԺߵģû˸ǣΪһǾǵľڣľС֮ûĸֿܹľڡ
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Ʒʯ°ͣôʯϻûУԴӷ֮ϾûƷʯˣƷʯǻм顣
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ľڵһ˿̰Ʒʯص˻һЦ㵱ɵ𣿼Ʒʯ䵱ƷʯȻҪͷôüһù
Сֵܣ˲̫̰ģþաüͷ
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ˣľڵӵԮźţɫҰףǵľڵΣղŻͷŵԮźţľڵĸԣԲŹڳκһˡ
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784 ɵ
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͸ûκεɻһС磬ȻľκεĹǡ
ಣľڵķӦٶȺܿ죬ľڵӷԮźһյĹ֮߱ʮ⣬ȵľϵǵѹ
ʮʿᵤʿһᵤڣᵤǰڡͽʶһɨ㽫һľԮʿʵ
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һľһɳ˶ʮʿᵤʿѾ൱ǿսˣľС֮ûκսľڡ
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壬˼ѵЩʿ֪Է˳ֻ𣿡Ϳ֮ѾʼĶʮʿ
֮ɱ¾ٶҲûʲôϵǶԷ˳ֵĻή³ͷڶɽ֮ʱ˵Ǳɡ
ˣһģһɫĹָ˷ԲɣҶɫֵػΧ֮ڡ
飡ľڵеķһһɫĹ֣˲ͱΪˮ
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ľڵǲַģᵤʿû˿ԥ֦һķֱӺ
ৣͻȻ䣬ɫĹ֮ˢ˼ɫ⣬Щ֦ûκεĵֿͱС
ʵĲֵ̫ĻЩľڵʿͲ֪˶ٴˡ
ľڵᵤʿ˲ɫԷʵʵ̫ǿˣǸûκεֿ֮
ԪӤǻֲ̫ˣһ˵ıһᵤڵľʿЩ¡
ǵǿߣɱǣľҲδػǱ
пᵤʿһпԪӤǻǿȣʵ̫΢ˣûκεĿɱԡ
֪ǰڴˣҵðˣǰˡľڵĽᵤʿҲŵ̬ȫ޸ոʢ˵ĸо
ֻܹľڵӵķϣ˼ľڲɱǣǾĶǰˡ
ľߵģûκεĹϵ֪ѿɷҵϷŹң͵һЦ
ȻȻľֵʲôǮ˵һˣǽ԰Ҳûκε⡣һᵤʿЦ
ˣΪ㣬ˣִһ⣬һľڵĵ˲㱻һ곤Ŵֲɣʬ޴棡
ͿһĻҲǲҡҡͷһľڵӱ͵ʯߵģΪ̫̰ģ³
ǰ֪ǷȤľľ¶Ỷӭǰġ
ЦЦҲãһС֮ҲӦȥݻһˡ
⼸͵ĴͳֻҪһС;ͻҵС֮ǿˣЩͻƿڡ
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Ŷѹ֣ȻľƬƳһһޱȸߴľһЦ
ɢױȵȻһô߱ģͨһܴﵽġ
Ľľݻ֮һЩƬҲ֮УԵɺ֮¾ȻľСһô֮У˲ſľСһ·
ľڱһô֮ϣ
ͿʮʿһôػأһƬæµľ
ˡľڵʿǰһȥôһʱ䣬ȻͿˣ۰
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Ӧ˽ľϢ𣿡ͿһøƵĲһЦ
ʹһ飬һôȻܹܵľϢǽľ֮ϵ
ϧˣľǲῪġͶԴҲΡ
һٷĹ򣬺ܿ죬һЩĹʵ͵һͶʱˣʹľ׼ܹռĹʵҲֻʮţѾķˡ
ɵ㣬һɷǵʿָżʿСĽ⼸ö
ͻȻһһʿеľͻȻʧˡ
ԭɵľС֮ûбĵطӵˡ͵һЦ
ɵȻһ֮һں˽ľƬ֮Ĺӣȷϧ쳣ʹ͵֮һôĽľȴҲ޷ӡ
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ɵľ˵ıԲκȾָȾָ
䣡üͷһ壬һ̤Ϊֲѹ˲ڱء
ľֲѹ֮ɪɪ
顭Ȼǿߣһʿ˼Ŀ͡
һöɵҪˣö컯ǵкôһöһΡΪҲ컯ľڡ
˴ĽľԪһӦûøӵ׳пܳΪ֮ƾһǧ֮ľСܹҲ˵
ֻһʱ䣬֮ȴǵõɵҲˣڴٸС֮ǽڶ֣ʱǹȥһ㡣
Ȼ硣ڴٸС֮׼ˡ
ռΣżȻͷޱȾ޴һռ֮ż漴ַֿˡ
ʮɵҲЩ졣
ѵռΣͷʮɵһЦ漴Ŀռ֮д


785 ɵ
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ڻˣеϢҲǲһ
ţԶǡԶһɫĹҲЩɻ
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Ѿҹɵռˣʿ˲͵͵ǰ
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ܹϹʱĶӦûһЩ鱦ɣû鱦ô뵽
⼸ʿϾȻеͼüͷһ壬ſ̻Ƥ֮ϵĵͼǰһ
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ЩɻеĽͼĴһ£ǿտʲôûС
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ͻǵһʶޣڷ֮ȻһʿйݵĽӴʱʵ̫С֮ûκεĿɱԡ
һصеĿŮΣһŮӵòݣʹӳҲһЩŮ
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ѹܹʿϸܵһѹܹͲѹȻʿʵ򵥣ѾǺһεˡ
龳ܹ֮ͲѹĿ˵Ƿëǣһ岻Ǻųսǿһ壬ʿѾܹˡ
֮еĴȻǲһ˿С֮İͰ̾һ
ڵʵȷǿԵɽڵǿߣǶɽҲǷֲεģһĶɽǿߺɽĶɽǿȫͲһϣ


786 ˸ۡ
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񣬺ǺǺǣ򲻹ܰ
ռһſռϵͨɲռģս֮ʱʱܹ֮УΪǿͣҲѴ޾֮н͸
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ݺЦ֮йΪЩһġ
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˭ûлõɵǰıʹЩΪ˵ȵģǴ˵֮зɽĴɣһҲҪĶɡ
ˣ˵֮ǰҲⴿɵǺңԶˣʱƺءһЩʵ飬Ҳ壬Ծȫ˵˳
˵ʵûκε֤˵Ǻʹɵйصģȴкܶ˲²⣬ⴿɵ֮еõʲô˲õı˲ǿΪ֮Ϊ忪ٳһ
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787 ɵ
͵˵ͷ֪ġ
һǺôģο⻹Ǵ˵ѾɽĴɵĸۡɸ֮ٴΣͶо֡
ԼСһ㣬Ƿͷжһʱʧˡ
͵˵ͷҲǺܶʣ˵ʶǽ黹ûкõܹͬѰ鱦ĵزһͬѰҵĻõıָη䣿
ѡ뿪ľٶͶĺøд
Сףͺһһͳа˲Ƶ͵
ϴôˣҪˣС¶һ˿˷ܵɫ
ͶʱС׾Ǿ׻ʽ׻飬֮гɳٶȺܿ죬Ѿк徳ʵˣ൱ˡ
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С׾ûͣһ׾֮УܿͻΪһ塣
ΪС׵ĳɳͼе׾СףСһֱԹСҲǺܲ˳ۣΪСʳ
мСӶСߵһߡ
С֮׾޵ģСӺԺȵĻǲá
Сӳ׾ҲΪ˿ڸ֮ԶԶûСϵô
У»˾ɰˡСӲĺߺ˼䡣
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֨֨֨Ѱһôת˼Ȧ漴Ͳˡ
䣡絶ֱӽһô롣
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ҲǱͲһͷԵ
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ΣȡһѪ׬ˣǴ׬׬ˡ
ûѰ˫ıӵĻ˭ܹ뵽һѪ׾Ȼһľ֮С
ҲѪ׶һֱö֮Ļ»ȲѾһЩ޻Ұ̵ˡ
Ѱüͷһ壬Ӳɵĺ˼·ܲϲĶ
ܿ죬ѰȻʼһſ͵ļһ
ಣһֱӱͼϵѰ
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ͣѪ͵ǰƮˣüͷһ棬ƾͱһѷ졣
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ףе뿪Ȼܹһڰ֮дʿľ
ͺһһУСױľ׻ʽʱС
ϴС׵ٶȸ죬Ϊ׻ʽ飬С׶Ծ׻ʽƿ֮ϡ
ಣɲǼ䣬֮г򽣹⣬Ľֻǰֽ˷ĩ
Ϊ׻ʽ飬Ҳǧܽ󡷴СףСʩչҲǵӦ֣Ȼڽ֮һСױȵ츳
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ǻӰһġºһں꣬һС


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Ҿɱ㣬ıŭһ
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ⴿɵǰ벿Ѿʿ飬ҪҵĵرļʻǺܵ͵ģҲѰ츳Ŵһؿľ֮ҵһѪף֮ûκεջ
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ৡ׻ʽϵ׵һ׵£ЩҰ׵ĺ˲䱻ը˷ĩ
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˿̵ڲϻгĹ֮УȻûȻͨˣÿһλӶԼĽ͸һ֣ϵĻ裬ÿһζдûΪĩÿһ͵ĸͻ
һʱ֮ȴУоֻһеĳΪʱΨһܹ顣
ģˣƽ趯еĳĽȴԵøΪֲһӳûκεļӳ֣ǰ֮ڵöǱһε˷ĩ
޾ú֮гһյش;ʹһյش֮Уζ࣬ʼնǰӽƵҲȶ
Ȼ˶״̬аȴҷκŵ͡
һʿһûлһΣһ״̬Ǳ겻
ֳ˺һ״̬ڸֵĸѾǴﵽ˼¡
ʹʱϵĻ賤ȻһζǺͽйء
ģ͵ĽģһΧ׵ĳڽγɡ
ȻҪ򽣵ˣˮҲ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ųɱһ򽣵ǿսҲǼΪĿֲ
ĳ׵磬ѵ׵罣ģв²⵽
׵罣ģ˼壬ܹýʿһһ׵ԣ˵һּΪǿĽģһ־ֽĳϵȷǱȽϺʵģΪ͵ľ׻ʽǼΪǿϵ
ڽĳ֮ǰҲ¶ۣ
ԽԽˡˮǰһ
֮ǰһܹӶһնһһȴֵ֮ǰܺͣͷԲǧ֮ھȻγ
͵ĺѾͻӽΪһ塣
ȻǱ֮ǰˣȻ䣬úһеĽͬѸѵγһɽз籩һɽз籩ڲϵ
úԵܿһƬɫĽӰﶼĸо⽣Ӱ̺֮ǿ
ô£Ǳ߷ʲô
ÿֲĽѵжɽڵǿ߽ȥˣ
䣡һɫĽӰȻɢеĽִӼ˼
һһཻ棬;ǽѾԽԽˡ
ĥĲζܹ򽣵һ˽һͱȻܹĥġ
Ϳ˾ųɽޱ뾭Ľ׶ΣȻֱ򽣵һ
εºܣǺεºܣ͵ϿտֲĽڻۣһЩע⵽ǿ߲ɵþ
򽣵ɱһֻҪպȻǽ뢣Ƚ񻰽컹Ҫֲ
䣡УԲĽǿߵ
޾֮У͵۾
ͻȻոս봿ɵʿһ̳˴ɵ֮У


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顱һ죬һʿڴﵽ֮˲䱬ѣѪƮúϿա
һĻˣЩ׹ǾȻһƬѪ
𣡡սúԵʿ·𱻰˻һ㣬ɵ㶵ĿЩ׹ǵ顣
ޱȾ޴һͷޱȾ޴ã
찡ôô޴ã
ߣߣһ룬Ǳɣ
ˣ֮еѾʧȥ뿪һƬǴ˲֪ĳɫأÿʼӿǸģǸһͷޱȼӿ˽ڵķ
һͷʵ̫޴ʮɣǧɣɣ
һͷʮɣ൱һͷɽټ
һͷɽټӾϵĳûһͷ޴Ĵ
ȴ˿֪ɳڶ֮Уʶʱһ߲ʿռ֮Уռɽˮ֮߸գ߸ռɫӦȴԵüΪʣЩλõĸоվڿУ˫۽գ˫ֳסһѽ⽣߲ʣͳֽڿлţĶ·ȫһϸһܿϸ΢ı仯ʱ죬ʱֽѾӡԺ֮С
ʹ˴ζǽһһ㲻
ΪɱһȻô򵥵ģοͻûĥģԽҪϰٱǧ
ͻ¶֪λ֮УһǽּΪǿĵ
ʮһɼϵĹǺҲٳȥ
һӣʮñͺǧ״һתۼ㵽ͱʮþ޴ۿ֮΢ĻҰ׹âɨ·ĹǺʮͷ졣
໡һĺ𣬻һɢȥΧ񹥻Ǻ׷һ𣬾Ȼˮ㼱ȥƬ֮󣬷Բ֮ڣֻʮãԼڿе͡
ʮ֮ͫ΢â˸ֳŵľ޽ڽ¡һд֮ƣ޴Ľлգ㿳͵ͷ
һʱ֮Ľ𣬴غȻһ𣬶͵ۼ֮ϾȻһһۼͱֱӱһдľ޴صס
ʮõͷ棬֮ͫ΢Ĺâ£·ΪͻŶ棬һӣһٴն¡
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һ첻𣬴ضһζţԶǧ֮ʿϸ־֮ɫתͷ򱳺¶־壬ܵصԼǿֲϢľս
໡һŭʮ÷·һǣδͻУеľ޽籩ͣʱʮ֮ѾǸںڲ׵ѷ죬ǱӲġ
顭һӽ¾֮ʮһ˫֮е΢âȻڹһȻȼҰ׵Ļʮõľ޴۶֮ԵüΪ졣ʮõҲһ̼ٱԭֻǹǺѻɵ壬ʱȻӿӣҹǺɵ徹Ȼںһγһսףںھ޽Ҳ˷츲صı仯һӾ޽֮ϵ¶˾޽ԭģ޽īɫһںɷƾ޽֮ϣһѪ֮
һʮ˫ֳס޽·һȥһ֮ǰǿٱռ仮֮ڿռ֮ը쿪
飡Ȼƿмһ𵴲粨һɢԭѷһ֮γһǧ׾޿ӣ͵δ˫ۣۼѾ顣
ʮ֮ͫеĻҰ׻һʱѾܵвʮʽḶ́Ҫɣһô´뽫ʮʽĹȫϼѣҧأѹסĵıŭ
䡭һٴʹʱѾǧ׵ľ޿ӵײۼһ֮³飬ڣ͵¶
໡ʮٴһ·Ѿŭ֣˫ֳס޽ӾȻٿһīɫдӾ޽֮б·ͼٺȥ
飡޿ٴۼѾ˹ѣʮõһ̺¾ǶɽٸֶҪɢ͵ġƽﵽ㣬Ҳһ֮»ɢ
ʮٴλӳһһѹͣһֻͻտ˲ɫѪҺɭ׵Ĺͷ¶ͿֲҲֻܳʮɼֲʮõͷ·ͻδٴһ˫һ̧һٴն¡
һնϣ͵ʹķѡ
䡭Ȼؾһζ˴ξ޽Ȼʮѷ󷽣··һɾɣʮûһ𣬵˼Ұ׵Ļ·ŨŨҳɢȥ֮һʮ޼ľ¶
˾
͵ʶһ߲ʵĿռ֮ǽ֮Ǵڱܵķܵõػ֮ͱܵ˵ֿ
Ҳ͵һγԽԼǿ۷壡
͵ͺһӴȻһɳУֻޱ𣬻˫֮䣬µһǣ˫ȭá
һ̤һ˫ֳž޽һֲ̺˫ȭһվ˫֮ϣ䲻նϣѪ֮С
һ̺±ʹʱ˫ȭ٣Ȼʱĵսɱ¾ǸܲвһĪвõ˫ȭȻһɣ˫ס޽ǿĽ̺ͷƤ飬䲻ò˼
𣡡͵ͺһ˫Ȼž޽һģӿ޽֮У޽Ҷǿž޽ӿá
ܵӿ˫һɣȻǰһ̤ӽӿ֮ץסֺݺݵĶŽһģ޽ǰһ̾ӿ͡˾޽Ȼõľ֮˿ûκ𣬷īɫԵѤ
ͫһ̧𣬿ƺХ֮һ֮ϣһǿƥӿ򽣱
飡һ紺װڽмը죬õǿ͵Ȼײһǿ𵴲𵴿γһ˰ӿ˷ЩڵȱĹǺ𵴲ϯֱ֮ӻΪҳһʱ֮䣬Բ֮ڣκιǺ
ץ򽣱һǣȭУòòɿ֣ץ򽣱Ȼ̺֮򽣱
飡һ𵴲𣬶һǣץУûδӦ֮ʣ޽˹Ŀ֮£޽˹ͣжãȻץס޽һӿ޽֮У޽Źâīɫâ̺֮Żɫâһ̺֮ƵľдӾ޽֮пӿ
֮ͫеĻҰ׻ȻһӼˣȻ˾޽һк棬һǧѷȻ֣֮ŨŨҳĶͣ·µŭû˾޽ֻܿȭ޴ɭҽһ̤Ӵ徹Ȼƶٶȿ磬ȻϡֻһӰ㸡˫ȭ޴Ĺȭƿպ͸
Хƿ֮Ͷը죬Ѿһݣ޽ٴŹâһӭá


790 򽣵
飡죬ͺͬʱˣ͵ĸѾף͵һõҼ֮ϣսƿһѺּۣ塣ȴ̺޾ķŭɱ
ͺõķԲѾǧٿףЩܵĹǺǸǲұƽٹǺһ𵴲ϯ֮»Ϊҳɢ
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ͽõ˫ͫȻһǱһɵƣȻϣ֮з·̺Īŭһ˫֮е̺ɱͷŭĻҰ׻涢ͣȻһΣȻΧתһȦʹΣǣʮȭ͵˷ӿõһоȻķ͵·ֳ־޽йâһȻһ̤ػζ͵Ȼգ÷·֪ҪϿһ㣬ȭٴϯеͣһǣҲ͵ֵȭ֮ʱ綾߰ץס͵ҽţһȭѸװ͵ҽš
ܵвȻһȴû뵽͵˫ֺ˫ŶָƵͣ˫һ˿˫֡õȭҽŵǣӿҽţҽ΢΢Ȼ·һ̤
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̫Сһһ̺ż򵥵ĵ̺׵һ£ֱӽõ˫ֻķ飬޴ƿһУͷ
һƴͷ֣ģǹսҲֹѣϢ֮ü飬׹䣬޽֮ûʧϯĹǺķ飬棬ɵҵıƣǧٿףһ޴ѷһӷԲס
һ֮ͻɣ޴ͼˮͻָԭͣӿ׹䡣
ΪǿҲǱһͷøˡ
ڵѪ֮Ҳʼ޲͵塣
ʱ߲ʵĿռ֮УƺҲѰʲôҲӶеĳǾվƺǹһᣬ·ǹ꣬;ͬһһ㣬һҲ
䣡ȻϵϢһ䣬˾ͬһʵıһ㣬ʹͻڻ֮УȴǷâ¶
ȻǴٳ򽣵֮еĽһ
ɣȫңΪҪȫƽⲻƽ
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Ҳ֪ⴿһģʹѾһ֮жĴڣȴȻ޷ԼԽĸ˼򵥵Ĵڸˡ
ĳ̶ֳ˵ⴿɵȷǳܳܵķ룬ڴɷɽ֮£еš
û뵽ںռ֮һԽ㲻ǾͨСȻܹõɵͬ
Ҫú֮деĽһͷųͲһССʿֵܹģſһʿѪеĽγһߴɵá
⽣û뵽;ȻǿĽ֮³һٶǴ͸ʱ䣬˵˷۱
ʱսĴ֮УԲûκεĹǺһսܴˣǿܴرû͸Լҽŵȭ͵ǿ󣬿͵Ҳһײֱ֮ӻΪѪ
͸΢΢ݣҽźѪɫʹʱڻ״̬ԭǿзѾ⵽һķɣõĿֲȭشʱ̻ӳ̺˽һڵѲѣʱһСܽĨȥǰܹ͵ļ
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ֱ֮ɻԼôΪλشΧǧٿɵģϸ˼ãϡǵ֮ʱΣ仯ɾˣ֮ǰԼϡӴޱȵľ޴ã⡭һô£
죡Һ㲻ݣͻȻ䣬ϱһɺ⡣
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Ȼ֪ΪҪԼ֣ʲôԭ⽣쾹Ȼ֮ʱ룬ͼĶ򣬾Ǻͽ
˶ǲݵûκҪŹ죡
ģѾǽ˰ɣͻ̲ס˷
ųɱһԽսԷô򵥡
ಣһӣ޾Ľâ
ڵ۽ʵ֮ͬоûκε֣ǵߣҲĺһս
͹ƣӦҲ˽ǿߣ򲻿龳ӵ˿ֲʵ
ҲûжٵԹߣϾ򽣵ȻҲǿԣ
ԼĽ𡭡ֻεҡҡͷ
췣ġһȫû˵Ľġ
ʵ͸ηģһնη壬Ľ;øʺԼ
һ֮Ͳܸˣûз췣ʲôЧ֮ǰҲֻˣѾ˽ˣսҲˣ뿪ɵҲûʲôźˡ
飡һն£һʯ˲ըѡ
һֱӽһ֮С
һ鱦ĳǰһٵĴһ鱦ϢͷųȻǿߵᣬͻûܹڴʿ֮±סһ֮̽С
һεӲȻ˽ͬʱӦҵĴڣ֮һͯЦĿΧļ顣


791 ټɻ
Ӵ֣һСһһͰ͵ĸŭˡ
˵˭֣´ŭǸ߹һСʱܹ衣
ߣ¼飬ĸ֮ҲСһѪͳһ㣬԰ɣͬΪķϣҿԿЯһŶͯӿСЦ
Сһ˭ҪЯҲŲҪһأ
ƢͦģЩһֻɳ裬ֻЩǿ̵ܽ㡣ͯӺһ
鱦ʮǿ鱦Ȼºͺˮһ챻ǿܱģҲֻСγɵǿķۡ
ҽϴ㣡С׻˻ȭͷ֪ǰ̫ǿ󣬸ͲܹģͰʲô
Ȱʵһ㣬ҪΪ鱦ͿΪΪҴȱľǷСһͯӣӵһߡ
˵СӿСײˬҲڲìܣģҲ۸ЩˣСӵȻҪСվͬһϡ
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žͻȻһֻɫƽⴿС
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ţʲôȻܹڵͯӻû⣬Ͼһ鱦ڵȴʿһǲʹ
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ͣͣҿһ֮ǰ鱦㲻ܻңͯӴ
ΣȻĳΪССʿķôҾ㷢ôһ
ǰһٵ鱦ȷǺ󣬵ɲһıԣ
㡭һӣͯӴ󾪣ָһ㣬϶ʱụ̀ʹͶЩԳܡ
һһ鱦һʧûһΣսҵĵ޵ĻһԥĽ
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ģҾ˵Ҫʵһ㣬Կ˰ɡСֻĿźͯӡ
ʸ˵ˣʵһġһСӵƨϡ
磬һڽ̵ġСί˵
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֮󣬾ֻʣͯˣһССûз֧Ԯ£֮ҲʲôͻǺܷĵ뿪顣
ⴿɵ֮ӦûкܶıҲô뿪ɵ
䣡
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һ·Ҳ˲ʿ͵Ϯȫɻ⣬ЩʿϵĶ͵Ŀڴ֮С
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ǿͰŮӱͺޣĻǵ˲ˡ
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˼Ը㣬ôһȪ̫㣡һЦɲǼħݺᡣ
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Ȫ̫ӣЩɻʲôʱǵȪ̫һˣĪ˵ˣȪ̫Ҳǵһ
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Σħʮ̫֮һΪǿ̫ӣħɵĹӡ֤֮£սһʿܱ⡣
䣡Ȫ̫ƺ˼ɣ˼ħ֮Ⲣûжκεͨͷ
һȻȪ̫ҪԣôҲÿһޱϬĽâն
Щâ֮Ŀ϶ԽԽԽԽ󣬿ǻȪ̫ӵֵȴԽԽ
ܿһâҲ֪һâҪǶ㲻ȥֻӲָоޱȵı
ֽ֮֮еһ֣Ȼȴ޷ܿÿһζΪĵط
֮Կ籩ĹƵûҲҪ¶
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Ȫ̫ĪȥҲĪ
ǽջϧҩ紫˵Ѿ˵׹ѣǰƷҩޱȡ
ĿǰΪֹ漰򶼽ǴɵΧǱʿĵطҪõıֻܸ룬Щûʿĵطпҵϧı
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͵һЦɻѣڷʱѾһȺˣѾ鼶𣬻ССɻ䡣
ǵһֻֻţСɻʱ򣬶ʱҲӴڵĶ֮С
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ⴿɵ֮ʲô֣ȻɻͶʮﻹ˻ʹҲóóȻĴɻȺ֮С


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Ĺ֮ۿһڵʿһͷɻϣ˲Ϣ֮ͻΪһ̲࣬ȫѪ⾫ɻȡʿȻң
ⴿɵʿҲ벻ⴿɵ֮оȻ˿ֲɻɡ
˵ͲЩɻ䣬ҲںʿǰηηβĹ֮նɱ˼ֻЩɻβȡºԼڷ֮ʱõһ±Ƚϣⴿɵ֮еɻβӵļԺͷķβˡ
ɻƷԽߣҲζŲ۵ĹЧԽǿ
ڷõЩ֮ҲĵĲˣֻʣ¼ˡ
ⴿɵ֮˴ɻ䣬ûһЩȻǲܵġ
ڵȣʿɵӣɻȻ뵽ۣȻҲŹûᡣ
ʿģ͵ܹвʿأȻҲǱźͬ˼
һָһɫĽâֱӽһͷɻ̴漴ɻʬͱ
Щɻ䳣ʳѪ⣬ǵ̺֮żΪǿѪܴ֮֮ʿΪ
ֹһôһЩеʵʿʱնɱɻ䣬ҽЩɻʬպƵҩ
Ҳ˰ɣͿźԽԽɻϲ¶һ˿Цݡ
䣡Ȼ䣬֮кͻ֣һк£ɻ仹ʿķΧ֮ڡ
һЦЩ߸ϵʿûаЩ˵ϣ
ͻĻ治ɻʧأһʮ鼶ʿ
ɽڵǿߣ֮ܵǿֲϢµʿҲǸŭԡ
ɻ䡣֮һŮӵһЦɻϵĻ˲ʧˣһֻֻͬţСɻʬ屻һŮ˴﷨֮С
Ļ棬ֻ겻оһ
Ȼһصʬ壬ȴûһʬսĺۼȥ֮ЩʬҲûκε˺ۣ·ͻȻȥһ㡣
ûмңȻܹЩʬ嶼ΪɢҲζһŮӵĻܹ˵꣬ЩʬûκսĺۼŮӵĻɻҩԣûôġ
Ȼ˳ˣôһЩͰ˺ܾõʿ׷׳֣һЩڰеĶɽǴڵǿߡ
ľѱ˶ҪϾûĸʿԼ̫ǿġ
ҲڵΪȴԶԶ磬ǺʹǿҲѷɫ˶١
йȻأǸĻͳۣ˽ĳɾ͡
ʳȻ䣬һֻʮҵһڱ㽫ǧƵɻ˶С
𣡡͵һЦнһΪһƬ׵磬ɫ׵ɻ˲ͶãʹһЩɻҲС
ʹûлΪ̬ȻʹʳһͨϻмԸЩѾԵɻҲɡ
һʱⴿɵ֮еʿͨƵɻ䱻ʿնɱ
ҲһЩʿʵñɻΧס֮ͻΪһ̲ࡣ
ɻȻǴ󲹣ҲʳǧֻҾ;ҵ׳һ˿ָ֮͵ߡ
͵һЦ⻹ֻɻѪѣǸΪ۵ЧȻǸӵľˣ
˵ͷÿһδɵĿۿǸص㡣ɻʵֲ̫ܹõ۵ʿҲָ
޷ЩǿڶţֻҪһôҲòˡЦ
ͣǵʵֻҪǱƵɻΧǾûʲôΣա
СӣҲ㣬Ҫɻþʹ˴סɽһ
ôѲʲôΣգ͵һЦ
ǰⴿɽһҲѱ֤Ҫ
ΣգЩɻֹΣգǿֲⴿɵ֮пٳһȣɻͲĲһЩɢɻˡɽһ
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Ҫ֪Щʿɶ׼ɻϳ˵ģҪЩʿɶֹ췽ҹ̷
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˴ɽѣҲһ˿
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Ҳǵ˵ͷ˵ûвʲôԾĵطͻ޵ķʸҲһۡ
ҵ䳲ˣһʿͻȻЦ
͵Ҳǰһһ޴ķ䳲ǧ֮ߣ԰Ƶɻ䳲֮нģԶԶȥˡ
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޴ķ䳲ȣԼڻɹ֮еٵǸ䳲ʲôҲǡ
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˾޴ķ䳲е۵ȻҲǼΪ˵ģֻٷ֮һһεջҲҪԶԶһˡ
ɱҲ֪˭ͷʿһӾͳ˽ȥ
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Ѳߵɻپа֮ޣټϷ䳲֮еĻҪˣ
λѣɻƴ֮κһûɱЩɻ䣬Ϊ֮ƾֻкһʿ˵
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ʿ˵Ҳûдڳʿûκһʵɱɻ䣬ͳΨһİ취
һһأǱǺ滹дʿ
ÿһδɵĿƵʿӿ룬ֻǽıȽ磬ﵢʱ䣬ôǰҲȻ޴档
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̽ԵĹ֮󣬷䳲֮ҲûϢƺڵȴʲô
䣡һ󷨵Ŀ޾Ļӿ˷䳲
ˣ䳲֮ڴ˺ɻ亷ηӿЩ棬ԼסЩ棡
ɻȺ֮зӵϵĵλֻҪһЩɻͿԺԥĿ
޴ķ䳲֮ɻΪˣԴԴ
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Ϊɴ࣬Сңʳһͨڴ˿̷ӵ쾡£һڱǽǧɻ븹С
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µʿŭԣ⹫ɽųƵħһڵ֮ϣҲպգû˸Һ͵ħа壡
ߣѲ㻹ɻ׷ɱǣɽһɤӡ
䳲ﻹɻ䣿͵һЦ
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ڷ˵ʳǾԲκεĲġ
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뿪󲻾ã紿ɽԤϵǰ㣬޾ɻǵض
ڣǰɻ䣬Щռڷ䳲֮۵ʿʱεѣƾֶξ԰ɻվǹѲڣʿȫûиǰɽټʿһʿ
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ֽҲǼ죬ʯȻһ˵ͱװ֮С
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ɵʵ̫޴󣬼ʹѹô꣬ǻûʿɵΪҪĵطⴿɵĺģ
봿ɵʿ붼ǳĿĶΪпܷɽǿʿⴿĶȻҲǷͬ죬˭õһΪⴿɵˡ
ܹõɵĵصĻΪڶҲʲôܵ顣
ͣһâһͷĹžͷβг룡
Ĺžں֮ҲǼΪ׺Ĵڣһۼ׾鱦Ҳֵܵһ⿰ȶɽʿڵĻĹž˲ͱг룡
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ƹءһһ˵޷죡
ĹžʬһԵˮҲֲ֮С
ЩӵкصĵطһЩģƷ͡
иУͣͣһ·նɱ˲ٺޣ֮еĴҲ˲٣һЩѾҩ
ת˲ȥˣҲΪȹ۷壬ʱп̤ڡ
ɵÿһοʮʱ䣬ʮ֮ⴿɵᱻͳȥ
ΪûйľϲϾӦģʱһֱսжȹģսΪķ
͸˵ǣûб仯˱仯ˣ


794 㹦
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ҲһĿǰΪԪĿƿ˵Ǻ覴ãǾԲֵܳģ
㹦ǽ֮ϣȻһööɫĽᾧЩᾧΣÿһ鶼аƴСҲʶ̽һȴûзᾧʲôر֮ƺͺͷˮһ㣬ûκεڡ
ҲЩɻ֮вܳûõĶǰʱ¥Ҳܺõ֤һ㡣
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ֻçţΪһ͵֮С
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Ϊӡ֤Լ뷨ȡһɫĽᾧǰѧġۡУ
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˵޷ǿͨǽһЩĹ֮γɵһöö͵֮󣬼Ϊ
Ĺӣ࣬ټһЩûķϹ˵Ҳ١
Щ֮γһööҲѡԼ֮С
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ףŮǰһǰˮ̶֮һ׵ӭҡڣɢжϣһ˽ҩ
Ůϲɫȴû˶ͷǼһ类סȫҲһСŲƷֻҪκε쳣һСŲƷܰ˷͵ĵط
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ͣŮ׼ժʱһѪ쭳ͷ­˳Żˮ̶֮С
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һˮ̶֮дһЦŮ޵Ԫ֪ΪΣ˲ͱɢˡ
еңһòΪªʿŮϵķȫ֮һѻŮ޵ʬջ٣ˮ̶֮Уȴһʿ
һ˭أòªʿһЦ
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ΪˣԺ֪ѩڼΪȵĵط˵ǻɽ֮С
һѩȴǳˮ̶֮УͶʱеԵɡ
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795 ƿؽ۷
ʶȴʿʿܹʶʶ̽˼ζûˮ̶ʲô쳣
Ǵѩϲ쳣ʱͶѾǷ˾裡
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ˮ̶֮еĳªʿһһԼ壬ª¶˱ȿ޻ҪѿЦݡ
ٽһ㣬ٽһ㣬Ҫͷˣ
Խǿˮ̶;Խǲָоâڱ
ͣ˲䣬ȫˣһ̤ƶʱ˰ٲ
͵ĲһѪͻȻ
ˣϵΪȻڲ֪ˡ
ֻ͵Ĳϳһɫϸߣ˿ڼΪϸСѪˮۼǿġ
Ҳһ£ƽѾ˵أһƤͬһŰֽһɡ
СʿֶΡаոͷ­¾Ѿּˡ
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ǣ͵ʶȴǴһϸߣҲѹڴ֮ǰͶûвһϸ˿ڡ
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Ͳû˵һ˿ߣ˭Ҳұ֤˾ֻһ
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ʵʱӦȥһѩƴ
ȴûУǰһһץһϸ˿֮ϣ
ҵ˿·ªʿЦһ
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һϸ˿ɳǿԺԲƣȻĶȴɱ֮䡣
ԭˣͽһۼϸ˿˴ָ֮УɲóóȻķŽ֮УһǼСһˣǺǲ롣
ܣôܷ˿ܣªʿо
˿ƽʱ˵ǷޱȣֻҪעͻҲֻԼ֪ˡ
ͻ֪ҲǿƲ֪ڽӴ˿ʱͲûиоʲôʿϢȻ˿񷨱һ
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ʿȻҵ˿һҪ㲻úªʿþԼ뵽Ķ񶾵͡
Ȼ֪Բϸ˿ڸֻǵһЦֻҪ֪ʲôôһжðˡ
ֻʹһţһѪ˳ȥˮ̶γһƬѪ
ᣡһһֻγɵĴֱӽһϸ˿룬ĶԽԽ죬һյĹˮ̶һٶ˿ȫˡ
˿˵޷𣬵ѪΪý飬ֻҪ쳣ĵطͶܲһҪȡ˿Ҳʲô¡
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Ϳˮ̶֮һѩϲ¶һĨЦһ׻ʽֱӴˮ̶֮У
ˮ̶ײһ죬׻ʽһ˳
ôˣٻسؿǰòªʿ
ҪıԼò˵Ǿ֮֮ͣкٻòªʿǳôпܾһЩĹ
㲻ܷҵģиɴǴʿҲܷҡªʿĲ˼顣
Ѳ⸽ֻˮ̶һ֮ءһЦ
ڵʿҲôªʿһ½ζʵǶɽڵĴڣԸʿ˵ǲѴ֮
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ɣªʿһתۼͳ͵һʮֲ潣ۿҪ͵ࡣ
䣡ͻȻ䣬ϻ죬ԲеĶһɻ滯Ϊ˻ҽ
ɫǽɫĻ棡
۷ף֮Ľ۷ףҹĳªʿһҽжûüͱ۷ճ˻ҽ
ϲƿһֻˡ̲ס̾һ
Ϊ֮۷׿ɲôƿصģʷܹƿֻҲֻˣҽǴڴ˵֮е
ڵΪƿؽ۷ףʹǳڳɳڵĽ۷ףҲǼΪѵˡ
һжҪ鹦ڴ㹦ˣʥ𹦡ķ֮󣬽ں˰ַǽһŹա
ʥ𹦡ΪϵĹȻνֻҪ۷ּΪԵĻȴǴӰû˳Թ
Ҳո˵ӲƾԶͨʿ嶥ס˽۷׵¶ȣɹһƽ۷ڣ
Ȼһж֮неģΪ۷֮вûǰ񱩣ͲȥڣĻһ¶ҷˡ
۷׺аںһĻӾ޴ףϧһƽ۷ʵ̫ϡ٣ûаʮѴģʹãҪնɱʿҲʲôܵ飬Ҳѹ׵ֶ֮һˡ
ҹʿҲǵùײ͵ǹϣ;ͺ۷׵ˡ


796 ν
ǳƿأһûƿغó̶ȣֻ׼۷ɢһҵģȴ뵽ɢ˰ɣǵǽҹĳªʿճ˻ҽˮ̶֮еĴѩҲ֮лΪ˻ҽ˵ҹϵĴ﷨ˡ
һ㵹Щգɱһ˾Ȼʲôû̵ʵе㲻Ĵ·
Ѱָ֮£һ·ǵõ˼Ʒʲҩ
ڲԶǰļһˣ
Ǵɵ֮ΪҪطݴɽ˵⼸طֱŴɵķͨĵá
ܹ뵽ļǽ봿ɵʿ֮еٮٮߣʵΪСĶڵĴڡ
֮һΪȻޱȵۡ
䣡һӰһɾ俪ˡ
ˣһϲ˳Ŀܵĺһ
һܵʿҲһĻҰܣܱҲζûлõ⹬֮еıˡ
⹬ǰһ޴ʯ֮Ͻд
һͷһܾͿɽ빬ȡһ
һͷʮܿɽ빬ȡʮ
һͷٽܿɽ빬ȡټ
һͷǧܿɽ빬ȡǧ
򽣿һ֮бﾡ
ÿֻһʧܵĻᣡ
֮ҲЩ𾪣Щܣ⹬֮бǧ;Ѫˡ
ոһͷܲʮܣȴһڵʿѹƵģǿûɱ˵˼һڵʿʮضֲ
ܹɷʵȻǷͬСɣǧ֮еĿǿ˲ֹһ
սʮܣһʿվ˳
һͷʮĿܴӹ֮зɳ
飡ʿһ㣬һȭȥ
ȴʮϵĳ
ÿİνʿԼؿڵϵһɫѿ
ӰνסԼȭͷʮܵٶȿ쵽˲˼ĵز
նνһڵʿüͷһ塣
νڽ֮ҲãһЩȴὫν£ν˲ʤʱ
նνڶν֮мΪɫһţʵʮܰνʱʿѾˡ
ЩܶӵǣҲΪһʿ˵֮жǿߣȴʮеĳѹĴ
ʵҲǺһ൱Ǿʤģʮܵĺһһ飬ֱӽʿɡ
Ҳû뵽ЩܵʵȻ˵ǿֻƾһ֮¾ѹһڵǿߡ
һʿվ˳
һġ۾һͻһʿ֮ǰʿ֮еʿ
ųսһ壬ҵҲ뿴һʵʮ˵
ʶġһʿһЦһһ˳ǹͳС
ֻһʿһ㣬һ㺮âȵǹһ˳ǹʿз·ͬһŵ
ʮܵնν
ʿһǹһתһ͵ǹâֱӴʮܵϡ
飡ʮϵĻ׶ʱըѡ
ʮܿԼؿڵ˺ҡҡͷˡ
ˡʿ˵
ȷǴˣǶʮĻҲ֮죡ʮܵ˵ͷ
ʸʮ˵
һҪսٽܣʿһ
ˣҪˣǾʲôûˡһʿҡҡͷ
ʮܾ൱۷ǿߣٽܸǿȶɽ۷ǿߣʿĿǰʵҪսٽܿ˵ûκεʤ㣬ʹֵĻܽ빬֮ѡʮˣôʮﶼʧȥ
һҪսʿ·Ҫս
Ը֮һ߿ܷɳֻǱ󳤽Ŀʮһı󣬷·ǿȸһ㡣
ɣʿҲ֮ɫٽһ־͸ڳʿ˼ѹ
Ϳһ߰ٽܲҡҡͷ̫ˣ
ٽĳʱһٱγһ޴İΧȦĹʿ
ʿʵȻٱļл֮Ҳ֧穣Ѿ˶ദ˺ۡ
Щ˺۷ǵûӰ쵽ʿԽսԽ£ȻӦƵʵĹ
ʿķӦ˲٣üͷһ塣
սһģ
ԽսԽ°
һЩһʿǺһһսͻ뵽εľ֮С
һʿѪԽǵʵԽǿԽսԽµ͡
ɱǹһһķɣ
Ҳоͷģֲ̫ˡһʿҡҡͷ
䣡Űٽܰٽɣʿʱɸӣʮ͸
ʿȴûκεʹ࣬Ϊ򶨵ĽϵĳһÿһϵѪѸϡ
壬ǻʿôལо·һ
ʿʧȺ֮С
вʿսǻ϶ʧܵģʹżһʿɹ˿ܵõ֮еıҲᱻһЩĵʿƣˡ
⹬֮ʸ֮ģһʱҲûжʿȥսˡ
ɣͳ̾˿
սһܣ͵˵
սһܣ
ʲôһܣ
ʱΧʿЦһƬ⻹ǵһսһܵģٲõҲսʮܵģ
ͷ·ûΧĳЦһ㣬һɫĳС
ԿһܵȷǲҪѶٹ򣬵ȴΪսܣ
ǵһսҵʿϣףһ˵һûͷûԵĻսеĳ
͵һЦһ泤Ҳŵͬλã
նνͬһʱ䣬âײһ
⣡еĻ泤ɢһ岽
նνСҲ᣿
ܰ
͵һЦֳһ泤ͬơ
䣡ڶεײȻͰˡ
䣡
䣡

ٴεײͶʧܸգնνôĻҲᱻΪǿİν֮һˣ
ǽһȻͲ˲ǵѪôεײҲѪڡ
ѾˣһξͲôǱˣ͵һЦ
ѧĺܿ죡һܵ˵ͷ
նνĹؼһϣν֮ʱԽǿνٶȾԽ죬ҲԽǿ
վţеĳڵϡ
ƸͲǰνưһʿʵ
Ҳ˰ɣѹֻȥѡһܣԭһһʿһЦ
һܿȴ۾һ


797 ħ
նνͺһͬһʱν
ɫĽâͬһͷʨ˲ǹһܵĽâ
ʤˣնνʤһܣ
ǽһһжҵĽ˼İҲ̲ס¶һ˿ϲɫ
νɲǰν˲ſʹãνľ뵽֮Уǽһÿһͬʩչ˰νǰѸ֮ͣ˽
ãһϽնĽһ
ҲãԼĽһһܶԺ䣡
䣡һܵ屻ֲĽâɣصײ˴֮ϣ
ˣһҡҡͷһĺ͵Ľһ֮ϣܱҲ֮С
սʮܣ͵˵
ʮյĽȻǽһһȣʮܵĽһΪǿ󣬶һʮʩչͬһ㡣
ҲǷһֽţŽʮܻܡ
ôܣһôɾͻʮܣ
ܷˮˣ
սٽܣһս

Ϊ޵ˣ
ͲûЩʿֻĶǰһٽܡ

ʩչıǽ֮ٽܵ˵ͷָһ㣬һٳͬһ㣬׷״͡
ָһ㣬һٱ׻ʽӦһٳһ
սЩܵҪĿıѧϰԼ˵õ˽ˣǰʽȴûѧϰʱ޷򽣰˵ľ
ĶԾע쳣ճ־õĶԾּѧϰٽܷ·ڽ̵һ㣬һָĲ㣬һ߸ΪѸ͵Ĺ
֮͵Ľɣһپ׻ʽٽܣɹ˽빬ѡʸ
֮ǧܺ򽣿ͲûսһͲܵĶ֣յĽҲֻǵˣֻܲٿطɽĿͬˣͽ߼Ϊޡ
ڶʿĽʡ޵Ŀ֮ͽ˹֮С
ıÿһǾƷ鱦֮ʤ鱦Ҳм
Ȼ鱦УѡһЩƷʼߵ鱦ƾЩ;лὫһ
˹֮ͲûЩʿеֻ̰Цһֱ뿪ˡ
ϣʮʿĿŵĸ͵
ЩʿûʵȥܰٽܣǼʮԸһڵͻʮþȵģԼΪġ
ⲻ֪еķȴһͷƤĶǣ
һʱ䣬⼸ʮ˾ͳΪʬ壡
Ľεȵʹֻ򵽽ҲЩֿܹģת˲ͱһ⣡
ôôǿжɽڵĴڰһЩûгֵʿͲţʮոջҪɱ˶ᱦʿת֮ͱʬ塣
һеĽһڵĴڣʵ̫˼ˡ
ʵĺܿ죬ھǶɽ֮ҲܹԿˡЦ
͵ĳɳɶǿģͲһԪӤʿһϲ綼ܽ
ǵڲǧʱ⣬ȴѾʿӵնɱɽʿʵ֮Ҳġ
ҡҡͷ
ʵȻǲҲֻ֮ͬаˣˮЩɽ֮еһǿ߾ͲܹԸģһͷܹɵĻ
ű۵˯ߣͳͳɵ֮ͻȻһŭ
;ĿԶǾ޴һͷʮɵȻһˣ
ħħۣһڵǿ߾ﻹ˵ϱͷܡ
۲¹򻹸ܣһţһںһǿ߶ʱͻΪһѰ׹ǡ
ɱǿ߾Ȼͬɱħħ۵ΪҲʼġ
ʿ벻ͨǣⴿɵ֮Ϊλħħۣ
¸¸£ӡôãǳˡħ۴ЦһСָ˴С
ħۺһ
֮лһЩܹħۣⴿɵ֮оԲĴڡ
ĸ׳վȻ˷ӡɽ鰵һ
ħǺͷʵ
ƹħ֮һĺħۣһ˴꣬Ǳһ֮ܣȻӡһɵ֮Сɽεҡҡͷ
ɶǷѾ˾ţ֮Žӡжʿħ۵Ķ֣
ţĵϢħ۲ڵķ
һʱҪѾˣħ۵Ѿ͵ļ֮ϣֲѹöã
ѧĶͦˣʥġʥ𹬡֮Ѫ֮⻹һЩӰ˵ĶǺͬޣôණܴﵽڣǲ˼飡ħЦ˵
ħ˵͵һУħǰûһܿԣָоҲֻԭһߵʱй
ĺʲôϵħۺһ
Ϳûûʲôϵ
СӣΪҺܺƭ𣿡ħۺٺһЦ
ͿЦһûʲôϵҾͰӷѡ
ħ۵˵ͷʶ࣬˵ѵĻʱѾһˡ
ҹħۺҹϵ㲻СӼȻĴҲħ֮ˣȻΪ㡣ħɿ͡
Ͳһлħ۲ɱ֮
ΪĵĴˣľѧħӡ㲻úƫƫȥʲôӰ˵Ķħŵýǰʮͨħһɸֵ˵
ħӡħӡ𣿡һ㶡
͸ھĸ֮еϢƲħӡۿУƺĻһżΪǿͨԼ֪ĵĹϵ㲻ʲô֮ԼҲǰҺĵһһ㽻顣
ĸ¾ĸѾ˵御ˣǵµȴֹһ㣬ԼĿͨͣ
ˣ㻹֪ӦΪȵΪȻܹ֪ˡħ˵
ӡô꣬Ҫǲһ㶫ǶԲˡħۺһ
ħһΣԲ֮ڵʿΪ
ҲǼʶħħ۵Ŀֲһ֮£ǴǿҲûκεֿ
Сӣлᵽħ۹ЦһΪһڹ˴ɵȻ׼һȷѪˡ
ͶԴҲʾΪȻЩ߸ڶţĿǰΪҲֻҪҲֻܹǼħ۴ӷӡлѵʿˣ⼸ʿ붼˺ħ۵ĵˡ


798 
ħ۵ĳֱȻȻ󲨣֮еĶǿ߿еæˡ
ħ۸ոսԲ֮ڵʿնвб͵˼
ħƲһʿ֪ͺħĴв岻ĹϵǺֹϵ֮أ
ɵ֮һʱ죬ڴϢ
ħ۳һ˵Ĵ飬綼𵴲ѣ
ħۣʧôôͻȻˡ
޾֮У˻ʿе˵
˵ģħƺǱӡ˴ɵ֮Сػ˵
巸ȥˮֻҪħ۲ǣҲûҪȥ׷
봿ɵرҲֻʱ䣬Ҳץʱ䣬ǰһڵء
֮еҩѾǧ֣еҩѾ벻͵ķˣǰٶȵǿ˲١
¡һըףضΪ֮һ
ҵģǸҳ֣һ״󺺺һ˫һ飬һöɫĹȺ֮ըɲǼ׵
׺ᣬΪһܹ֮Կֵ𣿡
ߣļ飬Ҳ䣿׺Цһ
׺϶ʱӿֳ׵磬׵׺·ͬһ׹һ㣡
ġԶԶ˵Ķ׺׵ĲٿϿ˵¯࣬ʹҲ̾硣
ЩصĳӵѰʿ޷
ӵмǿϵǼΪ֮壬ϵͨѵѡ
ͬ£ʿϵͨٶͨʿٱ
һ۳׹ˡ˵
׺ѾԼһ׹ӰֻһӰʵ̫ãѾ۳׹࣬Ĳһܹ
ƺúϻ󷨣˵ʵ׺ᣬȴƾһ׺ϻ󷨺׺ᶷ൱
ǰһ
׼ȷ˵һͷ̣һͷϻвٵ˺ۣȻ׺ǷһŽһͷסˡ
ΪޣżΪܹ֪ױĵ
һ㶼ĳױ򣬵ȴױĵȻױ֮еϵǿ
ͨʿ˵ױǶ㶼㲻ѣѵһױ֮жʿ˵аһġ
в׽ĴͳΪϡ٣ʵΪǿἸȵϴ۷ǿߣҳƢΪ֣꣬飬ȷ޷շģֻܴ֡
ᳬλ⻹Ľ
׺ⴿɵ֮зһͷδᣬȻ˵ʲôҲŹշԼûϽУĺô
ȴ겻Ʒʱ򶯾̫󣬾Ȼֵܸ˹
ԣһ۱㿴ͷ޵ı塣
Ϊڣ׺۷廹һβ࣬ȴѹס׺ᡣ
ͲûгֵĴ㣬ⴿɵ֮鷢Ļ
һͷڵҲۣһ̻֮еϵ飬ҪǿĶˡ
ĸ飬ͳͳȥ׺ŭ˫һʮŭذѹ
Ҳɫһ䣬˼æһ˽ڵȻںһڿлûһԵӣӭʮ
ľ׺ɫһ䣡
ǰͷ˵óϻ󷨵׺ûзſԻǡ
徹Ȼʩչľɲ׺ֵܹˣ׹Ļ£񡭡
ֻĿʮһ޴Ķɣ
ľҲһ
⻹ֻʩչľ˵֮Σ֮ʱǧϵĴʩչһٻ֮УûݶΪ
Ҳû뵽徹Ȼþط
˵طʵҲǣֻ֮Ҫ鼶ϵĴ϶֮Ϊ˱֤ܵΣʱ㹻ʩչ֮
ʩչԽ࣬Խǿ
ǰʩչһҪǿ̫ˣ൱ʮˡ
ɱֻҪɱ˴ڵ׺˾ǵˣ̲סЦ
ʿڶһö׺ˣͺĵһ㣬ΪҪĶ
ĺüֵݶΪ廹壬ǵĺ綼Ǹı
ȷһʿһöĺˣôӵлеͨ罫Լ滯˺
ɱһʿҪõҪȻɱͨʿߵö࣬οһλ̵һͷᣬ˵һ˫ˣ
飡Խʮֱ֮ײ׺ᣡ
׺ʱΪһ׵磬ܿԡ
ܣܲģֵΧ˽մ󣬾ռ֮ҲӲ
մ󣡡üͷһ壬ȻǰҵĵطմһƬĿռ֮ˡ
ռ֮һĻʿǿԶУ˳ſռ֮򣬿ڽմĴڣЩˮ̳˱ж޷
֮˵ȴ㲻ʲôһ屾óռ䴩󣬸οͻһռδ󷨣¾֮ԴԽ˵ССĽմˡ
׺ңΪ˻ɱϧΧ˽մ󣬿˵Ǿܵһ·
ҲҪ汳׺һᣬڵϵʱ
ˣ岻мЦһٿŶԲͣĹ
նֻһ׺ͻȻı
⡭һѵתǾ
ͣһؿھȻһѪѪ
ܡ
ܡ
硭
ʣѽѣһննԪ񶼱նҲûиĿܣ
ͨ׺·𱻳һ㣬̱˵ϣϵٶģһնǽٶȿص㷢ӵ˼£һ
һҪɱʣ˫ɺĿ׺ᡣ
ֵܴӳ֮վһһһ𴳵ˣֵ֮ѾһС
ңһҪң
Ϊ𣡡
ɱ
ŭ壬ȫյ׺ﻹеֿովǹעһԷնһ
û뵽ԭԽһնɱģȴΪֵնɱһˣ
˵Ǵڵ˵׺ỹǲòֵֵ֮֮飬ΪԼֵԸԼ֮ѾǼٿˡ


799 
ԼĸֵҲԩ˰ɡ׺ε̾˿
һֵܺܲ죬ǵ˫־Ȼնȥ
һɫӰ׺ǰ
ոյһܲΪıֻҪոһɫӰȻͣ
ͱһ飬׺쵽µһȴ͸ı⡣
Ľǿּ˵Ľƫ棡
׺ոʩչķնٶȾȻѾͿ֮ļޣǱ͵Ŀ֮ҪѸ͵Ľ
õĽĿ֮֮ɻͽʵΪһųֻס׺ᣡ
ʢŭ֮еͷŭһ
һɽڵǿߵĻֵܻɵ֣Ͳһڵʿɱ֮𲻹죡
ֵҲԸɱ¾Ǿʹȥɡ͵̾˿
Ϊ˭Ҫ㻤һɱŭ
ǿϢֱͣ׼һˣ
΢΢ҡҡͷֽס˱ϵĳ
һͷԵһ
ܣͷԲţҲǰΨһͷˣ̫ˣһʵ̫ˣԺ׺ķն
׺Ҳǲţû֮г֮⻹ֿ쵽µĽ
֮ʩչͷûκηӦĻᣡ
գ˲ͽͷԵ
նݲ紵ҪôҪôͽͲκвԼ
Ϊı꣬һнͿŻ֮е׺ᡣ
ǰն岻֮ءԡ׺ĶᵽɤˣһɱԼ͸ոչ¶ʵҪɱ˵˲Ϣ֮䡣
Цһʹ㲻Ҳû£Ҳʩչѻ֮
ѻ꣡һ־ǿ׺ᶼ̲סһ
ʩչѻ֮ʿΪ޷еʹȥһЩʿͦ˹ǾųɾŶ˰׳գѻʹʵֲ̫ڵ֮ɫĵز
ǰʾڳϡ׺ѵ˿ڿˮ
ϷʵĿ׺᣺ҵдɵʾڳϣ
ǰ޴⣬ҡ׺æ͡
һнȥԼѡһɡͲ͵˵
ʮ㻹ѡĻҾѻ꣡
һ

ÿһͬһش׺Ŀڣ
׺һʮͻԼʩչΥ͵ѻʹ׺ԼһģҲұ֤Լܹѻ֮ͦ

˵˵׺վ޷סѻв
ȣȻԼȽҪ
նеĽ֮⺱ʿܹ
ǷɡնͿ׺ӡüͷһ塣
׺˵ͷǷն
ͺһһöɫĽᾧУʱһö˸ŵĽ͹͵֮У
ֱӽһö֮С
һһԼûп⽣âĹ켣֮һ㵹
ÿĽ׺̲ס̾һͬǷնʩչȴǿ
ôô׾ˣ׺ﲻ뵽
նΪ֮һ֮ģʹǧ꣬ն֮ҲСɰˡ
ͲǸովѾն˴ɵľ磬׺Ȼ֪նɾǺεȴָоѾն˴ɾ硣
ôܣŹȥһյĹ򰡣׺о
׺Ȼ֪йֶֻҪ⹦ĳܷΧ֮ڣͱ˲ѧᡣ
ն֮лǲȴ㲻ö⣬ȡʥ𹦡Ҫһ˿ԻڹĳܷΧ֮ڡ
նһΪֲ֮˵Ǳ˼£ͲӦ鼶ʿܹյĽ
ڳֵٶȣǶɽʿû׼¶ᱻһն׼Ҳδ㿪쵽µһ
Ϳ׺һۣߣѲɻҪҽڵ׺ڳ
׺һ飬һλΪһʧ͵ǰﻹ͵ǰһᣡ
ֱ֮ʲôʱбϱڣ˲Ҫͻ׺뵽
͸ĸоܹ֮նɾĶһЩڴ˵֮ϽʮϹˣЩ˵ķն׺ĸоûͿ죬ζʲôһյĹʤЩʮĿޣ
Լҵѧ᱾һˣƫƫı廹ҪǶˡ
֮ͳһۼĵضΣ
һɽȣɽȵΧһɼΪǿĽưҲûƿһƽɽ֮С
Ͳǵһɽȵʿ֮ǰѾʮʿˣЩʿҲԹܶΣ֮ǿʿ޿κΡ
Ȼɽ֮еıǲʹ֪Լ޷ƿɽȵĽƣЩʿûȥԽԽ࣡
ôֱʣȻϰһ𡣡ͱϾЩ裬һ۱㿴ɽȵ·ּƷ
һԿٳһǵ¾жʮǿֲٶȡ
·ĶʮûһǼƷʮʩչͨġһƷ͵ֵͨˣһǼΪ飬ɽ·ȴ١
Ѿˣ͸̾һ
ۣһЩѾΪΣҲζЩѾķΪ
ܺΪǴڴ˵֮УܹӵҲָ֮еԲᳬһ֮
ܹѹˮǿ֮ܣ
ˮЩ翣ӵļǴ̫ţϹ˲òЩ
һһǰأ
ҲѹЩʿʹûеõɽ֮еıֻҪõһ׬ˡ
һܹǳΪһ뢣ܿٳһ
ǺôֱʣȻܹ۳˶̾һ
ǣ˿ǰħ֮еļƷ˳İɽ鰺ͷ˵


800 Ѭ
һɽ֮оȻͻ˰һɽ֮ش
ͿЩѾҲһۺ죬ܹסһĻܽ׶ɽˣ
㻹İɣģΪľһǸûʵȡɽ鲻мĺһ
ɲ֪ΪνħļƷŲƵɽ֮Уǲ´ЩƷΪԭΪһ
ⴿҲûϵԼɽ磬һľ˴ıﾹȻôⴿɵ֮С
ںʹɽ̸ʱʿɽΧĽƣһЩʿƵ档
Ī˵ǣħ֮жǿǰҲδƿɽȵĽơɽЦĿ͡
ɽ֮оȻϰʵǷ˼ҶƾɵĿһɽȡ
ҶƱңɽ֮лҲ𾪡
͸һļֵ
ʹǿ壬ҲûһӵһƷƷˡ
һ֮ȴӵһʵ֮ϵѾ˷ָĵزһͷҲܳΪ塣
ŪŪһҶзĺš
һ˵ʵ̫Ҫˣпܾһ֮ϣǱΪһĸӹ
һɽȵĳֿԳƵǴɵΪشķˣЩ֮ǿĴҲᱻ
һαˡ
ҪŪ֣ʺһֱֲ֮йһռֱͨڤ
ľȻҪŪһľʥһľһ㣬һռֱͨڤ
û뵽ص粻ãȻͳ֮Уһ۵˲ʧԭء
綼Ϊˣ֮ºħ۳ֵ鷴Ǳѹȥ
Щǿħ۱ȻҪħģɱħֻһֺõ顣
Ͼħ۵ΪأǱɷӡ꣬ʵȻףΧħΣأвп䡣
ΣյȻûжԸ룬֮ɽ֮еȴֿɵãǵõһҲò
֮еǿ߷׷׸ڤ֮һɾ޴ķ籩ڱڤ֮Ͽջۣ
ϣѵǲ룿ɽ֮һͳòɿˡ
һ̫ϳīҡҡͷΪԿľʥһˣ
һʱɽޱȵļž
Щɽ֮һǿʵȷǺľʥЩ֮жǿԨ֮һ޴ĺ蹵ɲֲܹģһ֮Ҳֻ峤ʵľʥһ˿⡣
ǿǰѵǾôĿţһĳϲʵ˵
ôܣǲȥζһͷᣬⶫϾǳұڤһЩˣ˭Ҳߣīޱȼᶨ˵
ǡ
ѾŸ棬峤ѾɵҪıټɢˣ׼Ӧǣī˵
棡龹Ȼ棡һǿ̲ס
һʵжǿԼ֪һֱռ֮ٳɽ֮С
һЩ˰ûмһΣ
ռͷȴ£ֻҪ壬ǾԲܾģ̫ϳīȴһ档
Ҳֻ̫ϳϲʸǧ⻹ǵһγҪϱ
һɵ֮г˰һ峤ֱӴռ䣬ֱ磡
һ岻ȱɽ¾ϰƷȴûһ֣һȻŹ
ڤһһҲҪ¸߰ͷ­һ죬˵õһҲ³
ˣľʥ֮ľѬƤͷ
ľʥһߣľ֮ھûܹжˡ
ڿԳȥˡľѬһЦͻȻʧˣһȴѾ˰֮⡣
ľѬֻҪӵľϵĵطͿȥ磬ľʥ綥ǿߣΪ˷ֹľѬҲһͷ
Ҳ֪͸ҵʱһӡǣľѬһӡǵϢ϶һ֮һΣֱʧˡ
ۣҵˣͻ˼ܹɽȣȴͻȻŮӵľͻȻ͹Ĳϣ
ĵһȻܹ֪Ŀ
͸ǲǲϵˣľѬЦеĿ͡
㡭㡭ôģһ㶡
˼ǺţҾ˳żǺŹģľϵ࣬һġľѬͷһҺҵ顣
ͿЦһôľѬֻҪľϵĵطͿȥ磬ԭΧôֲĽƶûܹס
ţǰһľѬĳ⡣
һ£ɽ֮ûľϵʵ
ľѬ˵ͷ˫üëһһġ
У˵Щ谭ǻܹȥģôʲôǸҪ𣿡ľѬ۾
ȻЩڴǵľѬ˵Լܹɽȵʱ͵໹ǺܲľҲ
Ҫ찡ǿ߶޷ƿɽȽƣľѬĿҲЩ谭ѡ
һǴҲûԤϵɣ֮оȻִڡ
һ𣿡ʵ
û⣬ʲôôҪԺóԵĹӡľѬ׼ûһ
Цŵ˵ͷľѬҪ󲢲ʲôֻҪܹõһǰ֮еժɾҲ˵һ仰
䣡ֲϢͻȻ٣
ˣ峤үүˣôץˣľѬͬèһ㣬͵ɪɪ
Ҳһأ⼸Ϣ֮һޱȵϤ
һϢڷ֮ʱѾԨ֮ˣһͷ¶ҷˡ
ȥһһ봿ɵ֮бȻܸܵĴڣʱǱˡ
ľѬΪ˶㿪ľʥҲæס͵֣
ֻͺľѬ忪ʼãȻƾʧ˵ǰ
ЩʿҲû⣬Ͼʿһ㿴ұ죬ͺľѬʧҲֻǱǵƶĵطȥˣû롣
ֻľѬסԼ֮Լ徹ȻҲʼת䣬Ȼͬ˴ľϵ֮еĽľҲ·ܵʲôӰ죬Ȼֻ˴ľϵ͵Ľ
ھȻбѬҪľϵѬҲû뵽ڻ̶ֳȵľϵ
ڽľİ֮£͵Ҳɹľϵͬ˷ɽĸɹɽ֮У


801 ǿƼ
ľʥĵǿ죡ɵ֮⣬մӿռͨ˻ʿľʥһ
һս˻ʿǳľʥһԪˣºȻþĵرҲָֻ߳ɶѣľʥȻûʲôɫ
ľʥЦһ֮е˻ʣȻôͻָˣͷѾǿԭ
ǼͬʱǿҲֻǵһЦʺľʥ֮еһǶһԹۿ
ԶٶֻǺľʥսƽ˻ʻľʥһԪˡ
ľʥҲ˵ľ֮ԴûκȬĿܡ
ǻСľʥҲ֪˺ֶΣȻ˵ľ֮Դ޸ˣʼδġ
ʻľʥûⴿɵֵĴ㣬˭֪˴֮أǰĶԹҪڵһߡ
֣þûôֵĳˡһɫӰһŵ˲ӿ
ʺľʥ̲סüͷӸǺ˼
ľʥһ
伣Ѿܾˣû뵽һξȻҲˡ
ִôٵҸأһ͵ȵЦ
֮еǿߴʱѾдۼⴿɵһһһ棬һ壬׻һļϲûгⴿɵ֮С
ʮǿ߽봿ɵ֮ʱǿֲѹɵʼɵ֮еĺ޺嶼ڵϣ±Щǿ߶֮֡
ⴿ˵Ǻ£ȻﲼƴһĶһ˻ʵһЦ
ǵȻΪ⹬֮еıȥսܣЩǿ߽ʱյĵλʹǴɵ֮Ҳûжٱܹǵķۣһڴɵ֮з˴Щ֮жǿ߸Ͳ
ǰ治Զľʥһ㣬һһ˴ֵӵص֮ľʥǰһɽȡ
ǿҲʾ׷׸ȥ
Ȼˣɽ֮гǧڲϴ֮Ҳ̲סһ̾
ǵȷ֮жĴڣȴû뵽һ֮л׳۵һ棬ϰڴ˻ۣǧ֮ش
ǿĽƣľʥɽΧһ㱡ĹĻ
һƲǽǸ⣬ϰһεĹ棬ҲΪˣɽ֮епܻ
ϣһǿ߼ɵһն֮ȴûзһ˿
üͷһ壬һڹ
䣡屻һƵ˿
ʵһܽһΪȴ޷Ʒֺ
Ǵֲõķ󡣡ҡҡͷȻһ֮޷ƿơ
ЩǿҲ˼Σãƿʧܶգ
Ϊʲôǲ봿ɵǻһɫСŤ壬һͷϷȥ
ּ⣬ֻҪزҪΪʲôһɫҡҡͷ
ǻһ֧ҪܹõһĻٶȾͻѹ֧ˡɫСʵ˵
ЦЦһ岻ûУһǽһҲ޹ؽҪⴿɵ֮еδػôá
һô֪С졣
Բһȥ𣿡Ц
С۾ʱǻ͸ˡ
Уɵмĺһ
ôأʻľʥ֪Լǰĳɷڣȴòǰɵ
ЩѾӵϹۣȴ
˶ָűǰȥĻû˳ֻ֣ǰװ״ǧѷĻᡣ
֪˵ǹʹˣЩûȴȻҪǰɵ̽
ܲܵõͲһĿǷΧ֮ˣòȻãάԭЩȻĵλȻʲôı䣬ǵõˣôͷһֽ
λѵҪһƿһƣһ
ǣǱ˴˳⣬ͱõеˣľʥ˵
˵һЦ¶Ҳеоһƺ͵°Ϊһ壬Ƶ˵ԴԴλǴҪһһľƵ뷨ĻǵϣҪˡ
֮ԴԴҪͱԾԵ˲ƿƺܿͻָʵ˵ͷ
ڳʮʿ֮жǿߣȴûһӵܹ˲ͽƻʮֵеܡ
֮η֣Ľʥĸʵ
ҷֵ𣿸ƾ£ʥһ
嵹֦ͬã֮͸ƾ¡ػʺһ
һռʹÿֻеõһǼҲѾʺˡ
ľѧλһʩչɽҵȵʵӵ󣡡ð۽ľӡʮݣڳǿÿһݡ
ЩǿߵΪҲһյҵĹˡ
ãƾͿɶһ˵
ǿҲû飬Ͼ˼ҷ׳Ϊƿһ˹ףһҲ֮С
ðҲֻǿЦһƫƫôɣ֮оֻһܹǰλ޾֮Уʱ֮ڸ͸ϲ
ЩĶǿĹͬ⣬ҲֻѾ㹻ˣЩ綥ǿߵʵͿֲĵӣǱһ½´ˡ
ĵӣʮǿϿճһɫĹâ
˻һЩڵǿ̲סһڰ֮ⶼһһУ·ֻҪһ¾ǻҷˡ
ﻹɽȸ׷ԶݣԼС
ȣʮǿŭȣֻһŹâ£ɽϿյĽײһ
ɽΧĿռ·ͬһѣײ֮ΧһжΪ촷ۣ
һ㣡ŭһ֮ͬһһݺݵɽȵĽ֮ϣ
꣡ôһײβƵɽȽƶȻһƣ
һ˿ϲɫ廯Ϊһڹѷ֮дת˲һѷ͸ԭˣ
飡޴ķ֮漴ʮǿ߶ʱͱһɾɢܵ˲̶ͬȵˡ
ҲֻǿЦһҲɽȣȴûץס
һ˿ӳ٣пܱƼסʱ·һˡ
ʮ綥ǿߵ־ļӳɣҲɽȽƲһ˿ѷѣɽȽ֮ǿʵǺţ


802 ȡ
ͺľѬɽȵǿڼʱôʱ֮УͺľѬڸЩʲô
ҲǵһγֹĴͷʽһ̣ԼƺѾԼģһŵľϵˡ
ȻľѬѾϰΪˣÿһܳǿַʽ
СѾͷڶԼжôľףܹ赲ʮλǿߵĽСѾͷǰҲͬ裬֮лʲôطСѾͷȥġ
þСѾͷϲĿǰιСɣСľֻһָôС
ЩС̺ȴֵϴʿ˵֮Ϊˡ
ĳһƣЩ֮ȴûܵκεӰ졣
޾дӡʧЧˣ
ͻǵһЩС֮ڵѾܵϵһ𣬾޾дӡҲ޷Щӡ
ôм侹Ȼûһ˿ʣͱСľҲһ
ûȡֻҪЩ֮ڿ˵ǰ϶顣
ʹһץһֱ۴СץС
һתһ֮Ϳʼ
̫ˣ֮еҪʹϲָоǷһ˼ˮһ̹
һֱ۴СͰĹͻƵļ
ȴӲĽԼΪѹڣʿǧټƵͻƣȴѹԼľ硣
һӰĹ⻹ֱ۴СģЩʮɳڰɳأ
͹;˷ܣһᣬһ۵Ļᣡ
ڽ׶ɽ֮ǰҪܽԼĻιһЩһͻƣʵɱ
ץҲҪúһ˷ܵ˵
ôˣϵɻ꽣ħ鱦ʱ䶼޸˵ѾﵽȫʢʱڣΪõ鱦ĻҲԽԽ٣ҲܴǧѷĻȻܷŹ
һƽ׶Ĺɽ֮еǧ㹻ˡ
ɽ뿪˴ɽҲж۷ҲӵԼ壬֮߶
͵˵ͷֽץʮһҵӽ֮С
þ¾һͽץС
Щɴɣûһ˿ʣҲǷ㣬ҪʲôתֱӳΪڵ
ͿŵصײϷǾϲ
Щ۸ӣмСγɣʱգɽ֮еֻӲ١
뱦ɽֶؿɲ͵磬Ȼ˾ͱŪ
ȡ˵£ǻĻѶˣЩѾѾ߱һԣвпܱЩɡ
ǧ׻ʽ˳Ʒɳɽ֮γһ󣬽ʮУ
𣡡
𣡡
ܵѹЩȻ˷ʼͲµĴ
ͺһϷЩγײ޷ֺ
𣡡һУصʮ˳һаͨ͸͵ǰ
Ǵ˵֮еЩˣæŲ֮С
ϸһʮСһ֮
Щһ֮о˺֮УȻ䣬֮еŨٱһõ˿С
ʮĳ֣Ȼ֮γȻҲֻһӰȴҲǱѰһʥɽҲûдﵽĵز
;ȡֻǳڱԵļСһɵͲܹȡġ
ڶ֮أͿһӡӡۣһһӡӶᣡ
ƵıһӡȥЩĶǿҲҪѹɽЦ
԰һɼǿ֮ɽ֮ϳ⾡һ
ɫˢͽˢ˰ٵɫ⣬ſһ
أһʱһ
־ǧǾȻòסһ
תԪǿһŲ֮У
ľѬɽ֮нΪҲǱǣǰֱڡ
ľѬнϰһīɫСƿ֮У
䣡ɽͻȻҵزǽ֮ϾȻһѷ죡
Ϳɽ֮˵ʱʱ⣡
Сӣ·㲻ߣ㴳һ漴Ͼ¶һ˿Цݡ
ڷ֮ʱûϳԿڻصָȫʢʱڵΪҲһֻϰˣ㴵һܰŪ
㵹е㱾£ȻһҪȽɽȣѾõٺôˡĿĶ͡
ͺ޲Լƣǵ͵ɻȡʮ˿ӣȫʢʱڵʹҲ֮κε˺ۣ
Ѭ£ͽľѬ
ɽҲô󣬸ûʲôܵĵطȻܲԾƴһѣʵǴǿҲƴһƴԸδûлᡣ
Ӵ겻㵨ӼǰЦһնһԸʿһѾ㹻ˡ
һһն
飡쵽µһһնĵһһĽۣ
СӣС㣬Ȼ˽һ
սΣϵĽǿ߶֪ˣ
һĳŵϢ
ķ´󾪣鱦ڰʮķ
ͼѵĺţһǰԼ˵ļѣ
ͣһ·Ǵ˿ռ䣬һֱն͵ұ֮ϣֲ֮ͬˮһ͵ţ
ѹѹͷĵԼڵ֮Щͬ
ţϵЦʧˣ͵ϾȻ˺Լһ
֮г˲˼顣
Դγֻ֮һӵУеһжԴ֮һӵ
һȭ͵ĸ
ϣһȭ·˼Ӳĸһ㣬Ȼͱˣȴûܵ˺Ҳ˼Ѫˡ
壡еľֶ˼֡
ŹȥꣿʿȻͳɳֵز


803 
һͳɳֵزٸһʱ䣬޷סˡ
˿ֲٶȾЩ£
㡭㾹ȻľѬüƵָ˼£ɽ֮ϰ˲֪Ĺ˲䶯ˣ
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ǵľʥҶ£һСѾͷЦһ
ϵ֮ŵϢľһĿǣľʥҪ֣ľһ֮лû˭Ķ֣
飡
飡
飡
һ·˾һ㣬ͽը˼ƤûԤеǰһͽЩ룡
һ㶣ľ˿ܺʱַˣ
ԣͬۼ⣬ǳˡ
ͨĴʹɳҲַһɽȿɲһۣһӲﶼܳΪ˲õҩˣοЩ˰ϵĲأ
Щûһ˿仯Ļǵ˵ȥˣ
ΣҪһеâһֱľѬ
ûоսľѬܹ㿪һ
飡ľмɽһŵľ׮ľѬǰ
Щľ׮Ȼ
ûжκεͨЩȻıľѬ⼴ʹжԵе㲻˼飬Ҳǵһμ
ȻܹľѬͲóһǻʿδܶ㿪ľѬȻҲû
һɽ֮еľƺڱľѬֻҪɽ֮Уɽ֮еľնɱ˵ľѬ
ЩǿӲĲ񻰣֮鱦ѷɫҪն˴ֵɣҲЩͷۡ
󣡡ƳڴָһۣôȻ޷ȡ͵ˡ
͵ȣȡȻǸҪ
գĴֱ̽صףǿнһǧҵ˳
ñϲƽһΪаȡ
ȡʮеϲɫԽԽŨ
¡ȻҲʱɽΧĽһγѷ죡
ҳԶʳ˻ʴŭһֻɫȭӰֱ
֪ȭ벽ãȭӲ˻ȭ
ɫȭӰͺɫȭӰڿײ
⣡˻ʺһȭƽɫ
һȭԺڼ䣬һȡ
ʣʮÿһԵò֣
³Ȼ뿪ʥĸһ
ҪƾðɣЦһ
򣡡ΪģԲɽ֮֮Ҳò˱ܡ
ʣʮøˡΪһڹ
ߣľʥһ㣬ɽ֮ڵľʱ˹˲γһ޴һʱ֮侹ȻѲ
֮ȷľϵĿǣɽ֮еľʵ̫Ӵ֮޷ڶʱ֮գټľʥľĸֲٿأȻôˡ
䣡һնƿռ䡣
ϣʹʮʽײһ
ʽȻ鴫̾˿
ۼ֮Ȼмŵľʥһ
޾һսʵʽȴľʥ˲ٿ
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һȴѹ֮Խǿ󣬴˽ܹӵԽǿ˵һ˷
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ʮͿˣ˲ͽΧ
ʣδ̫СˣһЦԵĶﻹ³ĵ
ѹػʺһһ鼮һ֧ʣд¼򵥵֡ѹʱͬɽһѹ

ᣡնȴʽѾѹ
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ðָһ㣬һڹֱӴ࣡
ðӰָһһΣһֱ׳
ߣŭ˻һֽȡһסĳ·ػʽڵػд˼֣صʮȻȫػȡ˵ػ֮У
ѹػʵȵػ֮оȻһо֮
ػԳһ磬иҹ֮һʽ֮Уһػ顣
ʮػȡȻͳ˵ػһ֣ǽػʻɱػ飬ʮȡˣ
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ͷβûȥһۣϾһ鼶ʿôܻӵأЩ֮еǿҲûϲϢԾӹ͡
֣һ֮һĶƺеˣɽϿյĿռͻȻ飬һͷɵͻȻϿա
ɫһ䡣
׷ٶѵİգϾЩ֮û˭رóġ
Ÿĳ֣һжıˣ֮ûĸʿұ֤ԼܹٶϿһ壬⸲ǰռǰκεٶȶǿЦġ
ҲҪ׼ˡĿŸ
ÿ˽һǾͿˡĺһ
ڳʿҲʮÿ˽һǾʮת˲һռ֮һ
ôĿƤӾҪôõ𣿡˻Цһ
ȷûôõ飬ҲûǻôϡЦһ
ॣΧĿռͻȻѣ
㡭ңľʥŭ
֪֮ΧĿռ侹ȻˣռȻ˲ǣȴһ֪ĸռ֮У
ûһͨһռ֮Ҫصɲһ򵥵飡


804 װ
޾֮һ˫ޱȾ޴۾ʮǿߣ
һ˫۾˵ľ޴󣬰ɼĸҲֻǿһֻ۾ôСˡ
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һ֮Ҳֻд˵֮епӵ˾޴壡
Ϊһһ񣬷һˣһۣ׻һĻ̫ʼ棬Եøء
ռһͨĴڣ϶ռ֮ĴС֮ж㼣֮кʿۼ档
Щʼ滹һƺ飡
Щʼʵ죬ҲԸǵЩ鼶ޡ
һԺ£οǱȸҪǿ档
ռ֮ûһĶ֣ο鼶޴ڣ
ÿһ͹ɡ˷޷ȷλá
ҽľʥҧҧһ֮С
ͻȻ䣬һʧˣľʥͻȻʧˣȻǱͻ֮С
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ˮǵõһǽȥĻǾζһ˾Ͱˣθģ
ʺһ֮ʧ֮Уȥ֮⣬һߣ˽ǣ˾ͽˡ
ǳȥ֮⣬֮˵ûŪһʹҪҲûʲôԽġ
ʮƺҲûд㽫Щûʿŵһ˫޴۾ͻȻʧˡ
ɶ棡Ѿˡ
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ˣĸѾûжˣ㿪еʵۣ֮ĸģһΧŽ˿ľʿԷԡ
ĸ㹻ֻҪκһ̤봫˵֮еľ磬¼ĸǲôĸҲֻά꣬俴ĸһһƴһѣ


805 ľһ˥
˻һһɴ̹ǵĺֱ弹
˭˭ڿӣ͵ʶ˲ţָоǱ˸ˡ
ȴûзκ쳣
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Щ˵пޣǶľѬ˵ȴǴ֮һľѬԼôæҲúôл
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ľһ֮ԻܴΪڻмǿֻҪдǿߣûʿԸðա
һǣЩǿ߻˿ľ壬ȴЩǿѵĻôǾûǣƵķ蹷ı
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ľʥĻͿۼʶģΪѰľѬϧʿսԼеӵһ֮кպľʥ


806 ľĸ
϶ΪҺܺƭ𣿡һֲϢֱ
ðԵСӣȻҺʹʿа壡
СȫǷˣһʿȻҺʹʿа壬˼һܰɻҽˡ
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ǿϢԲһʿӵеġľ¶һ˿𾪡
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㲻ĵĻҲԸСǾԲ˺Ƿֺľ˵
ŶôܳʲôأȤĿ֮еӰ
һŽҩľһͶΪ֮Ŀıꡣ
ŽҩּҩҲûһꡣ
֮оŽҩҲǼΪ֮Ҳûж٣ҪһĻҪԵҲһ֡
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ľһĸήضľ֮Դ𣬶֮ӵľ֮ԴҲǼȻľ塣
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⡭;ĿһССڵȴǼΪˣ㵽˵زڶǿͲ֪ĸȫʢʱڻжôֲ


807 ҾӶ
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һĸڵһΪֲٶţĸڵȻֲҲܲסŵٶȣȥ꣬һĸȥ
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ǿľһı⣡̾һⱦ֮оȻѲŴɾ˵󲿷ֶһƷɾҲвƷƷɾ
һɾͼֵƣóȥҲһʿˡ
Ȼһɾⱦ֮۵ıˣܹľһ֣뱦ûһǷƷ
ƯĶ׹ѬҪľѬۼһӾһԶ׹
ľһ飺ѾͷĻɣôһӾͿһԶ׹
ľѬΪһԶ׹ƯѡˣľȴڵѪ
һԶ׹ɲʲôͨĶ׹鱦Ǳӡ˵鱦
ľѬѾһԶ׹ɫĶ׹ľѬһ׵ɫȹ˵С
ףټȻ߱ɽһСɽЦ
鱦ľˣһ鱦
Ҫˡһһ߱ɽ˲߲ʵĹâʱ͵֮У˳Ž͵
̹ĸоͽгˡ
Ȼ鱦֮ѡ͸̾һһ߱ɽȻͰɣһЩӯࡣ
⡭ľһ㶣һ鱦Ȼôˣ
ܼӣܼӣĸָ֮һҪʬΣľк
׼װǣȴӦͣȵĸָʵ֮ʱͳͽеĶûһľһôûʧȥ
㲻㣬ͽľһıѹû׼ѶȥѡľһЩ鱦
ѡҩҪƳɵҩʹã鱦ȴʵһ߱ɽʵˣмʮ鱦ܽˡ
ʮ鱦ҲòҪҲûеط
Ǻһ֮лв٣ǿɶҪԵ͹ѫһģͿûô࣬׬ȡԵҲҪʱģдٿľһıķݣ
ٺ٣һ˵㣬ûϵҲ⡣ͽһ֮ڵľգӡֱӱͶ֮Уºͺˮ
ˣˣСӡСӡľԼķζҪըˡ
һĹ򣬻ϵ鱦Ͳļˣټ鱦
Щɶǿľһأȴͻһ
ƫƫľֻͲҪȥЩˣһЩͨҩ֮ģԺյû
ҪҪľһԵļӵʱﰵ
ͷ·Ҫľһ㣬ϵһ澵ȡʱһ澵Ӿͳһѷ
ˣľ춼һ㣬͸ͲŹκλѰ鱦
ôܹô׼ȷҵģľЩơ
ⱦ֮鱦ҲôȫǱӡģǿġ
ƫƫÿһζ׼ȷҵֱˡ
ͱľ¶һ˿Цݣ˭뵽ôأ
ֻҪתһɶеϢתͽϢΪı߱ĵȼߣⱦͻָıߣԲˬʹ֪֣ȻԽ
һ˶ʮ鱦Ҳ˵ı仯ڲǿ඼ޱȵļӲ
ʿڲΪģƤӲһܵ޴ĳ໹ǻܵشʲô幦ܽ඼ġ
Ѿһ飬һɽֱҲ˵ˡ
ʣĶҲû˼һһ飬Ǻöʹһӣⱦ֮нķ֮һĶŲ֮С
һӱÿտ˲ٵıľ¶һɱǺܿ
κĸҪô̽ȥľô³ľһ
ˣôͿȥĸɡľ˵
ģǮ֣͵˵ͷĸСһֻҪһЩľ֮ԴĸȻͻܹΣƨ£ֻҪ뿪ʱĸûˡ
ľѬ΢һܳɸߣôһľ֮Դĸ괺ˡ
ৣ컯顣
飡˫һģ컯ʱѣһɾľϵӿĸ֮С
ľ֮ԴľѬǰһ컯֮оȻдľ֮Դһڵһޣ
ѲҲľˣľѬһ㶡
ľ컯ʱ̰
ľ֮Դľ֮ԴֻҪܹγľ֮ԴͿԳΪľʥһĴڣǸʱľһﻹ˱ϢΪĸӹ


808 ֲ
ľ֮ԴҲ֪ľʥʲôȻܹγľ֮ԴľʥԲӵʵ
ľѬΪλǿľ֮ԴľֻҪܹľ֮ԴĪ˵κĸԼҲԴﵽľʥһľ硣
ľڲŷ֣ľѬСѾͷ֮⣬ϾȻҲľ֮ԴһǶġ
ľ֮Դϵıĸգ˴ľ֮Դ֮ĸҲָͲͣͣɶһֱɳٶɡ
ͱСֻĸұʩ̶ܹȵļʧ
ڴľ֮Դ޸֮£ĸڵѾֹͣʧһٶţһĸȻ᲻ͣı
컯֮ҲòˣܹĸоĸڵһٶȾۼĻĸꡣ
ţ̲סľһ̶̵ۣļ֮䣬ľϢȻǿȻֻǴ˳ڣǺ֮ǰѾԨ֮
ʵǰĸԽǿЩľʿʵҲԽǿһ㡣Ͳ̾˿
ָˣڻָˣڻָȫʢʱڵΪˡľ˷ܵĺ
ȫʢʱҲʵľһҲôƲƲ졣
ߣľһᣬһʿֲѹǵذѹ͡
΢΢ɫ䣬һһӣһɿֲѹʱ
׾ٵĵԼѹľһЦСе㱾£һССʿܺҿ⣬ʶľͰѴӱ֮аߵĶ³ٰϵӶһһȫʬ
ƾ㣿ͺһ
ľƣһֻɿݵƶʱӡ͵
ǴʿһƵٶҲͱ͵Ŀ֮һ˿
飡˫۽棬Ӳĵסһֻɿݵƣ嶼Ķ˵ذ֮С
ͽµʯ嶼Ǿ󷨼ӳֵģй޷ʯ֮һ˿һ˺ۣһȴӲİ͵İӶ˵ذ֮С
ãúãҵʵ屶СӣˣľЦ
ŤŤӲĲӣһףȫһҪǿһЩҲô鱦ĴѾȽ뱦֮ǰǿոһʹɱǾ޴ĳҲ͵λˡ
ͽǸоһ˿ʹˣûʲôʵԵ˺
ôܣľûһӵذ֮ѣ·ǿ˹һ㡣
㲻һʿǽҲܵһľ
Թˣôͻˣ͵һЦ
ľɫһ䣬һֻɫצֱؿڣ
Х£һȣһֻצ֮оȻһ޴
¡ռ䶼ʼһڹᴩľ֮һҧסľ
䣡˫ϲľͬһؿľһ㱻ҧأ
ľѬڵϵʬɫʱҰײҰ׵ģͲҿ
ҲҾԲһҪ˿ľһ壡ľǿòʹϳȻûȥ
ľдʣͻȻ䣬ոջȻĸ˲ͱԭΣһˣӴȻ˲ͱȡˡ
ԣΪȡģһ
ûĸǾͲԭϳڵľʱȴõվ͵ǰ
ԭˣԭˣǿľһĸǲǵûˡЦһ
ľᳵ·ȻѾһˣƺľ嶼ͬһ顣
ʹĸڵǿҲܲסô氡
ľ֮Դľ֮Դľ֮ԴˣľϲĿԼ֮һɫС㣬ȻСȴǼΪľ֮Դ
ҪͻˣҪͻˣľͻȻ̧ͷ
ˣˣҽ״ھڣľЦ
ͺһ״ڣҲҪ£
ȣ͵ͺһ
׹ðһ׹ࡣ
׹࣬һǴɵ׹࣬СӵʲôľͻȻһֲõԤС
ʹΪʿҲû۳һ࣬ǶԷһССʿȴɹһ׹࣬һǴɵ׹ࡣ
ǺεȵҪǿ츳ͱһ׹ྐྵȻ
ף׻ʽ֣СҲȫ͡
Ҳԥ۳׾뵽˾׻ʽ֮С
۷׵Ŀֲ鱦ҲδܹܣǾ׻ʽ÷ƶɣͽ۷׿˵ͬͬԴȻԳܡ
ѾǶľɱģľʶĻ˺ôߣȴǸı⣬ҪľľһıҪУ
СС顭ռָֻƽ
ʿȻôˣ
ֲ̫ˣ׵ʵֲ̫ˣȵۻҪǿ󣡡̲ס
һնɱǿߣǴǿ֮Ҳûмܹز
ľ˵Ǵʿ֮е׵ĴڣܹĴǿ߲ʤö١
ǻܺͻɱȫͬĸ˵һɱˣ
һ죬쵽ľ޷ܵĳ̶ȣ
һǿǿľ׺˲ͳˡ
ԴǿǿҲ֮졣
ףǿĹǡۡҲס
Ψһȱݱ׵ʵ̫ˣҲֻһ֮
ľһ֮лڵǿߣһ˳ڣһڣǡɶľ֮ɭУҾ鷳ˡľĴָֻ֮ص˱֮С
ա͵ͻȻ˱֮У˲Ϣ֮ͽľһıϴһգһëû¡
ӵռεǰЩƶСơ
֮еȷռζ޷͸ĽƣǾԲǿľһյġ
׬ˡ׬ˣһҲҪ࣡˷ܵ˵
û⣡ϴһı⣬Ҳ˷ܡ
Ȼǲúô㣬Ҿ㣬㲻ûңʹһ˦һ걻ľһΪĸֲͱŲƽ֮С
䣡һľһ飬ξͼţ㵽ɲͣΪ֮г˽ľ֮ߵľ
ǿ͸̾һ
ӡǣһľ֮зһöӡǡ
ǿѹһöӡǵҲʼĴڣͷһ
һöӡ֮Ϸ֡ľ
һöӡǾȻǿľһǿģȻ֪һλһλǿ߾Ѿˣľһλ˥̶ֳܵȣ


809 
һöӡǵĴڣľһʿԲϵĴһľ֮ϻ
ľһʿϰԵһľ֮ʱһľҲһһ˥ܡ
ľһ˥ܣӡҲͼľһӡ֮лȡҲԽԽ٣ڿľһʿΪ˵˵
һöӡǣͲû⡣
һöӡǵ˻ϵĻΪöӡûޣӡǵѾˣôӡǾ֮Ȼɽ
ΪǿʶֱӽһӡǴľ֮Ĩȥȡ֮Լһöӡǡ
һٷĹ򣬿ľһĸͳ͵֮
ͳԵĴһľ֮еһЩ
˻һɼΪǿ˲͵֫ٺ;ԼǿΪȻ۷塣
һľ˵ڶʱ֮ʿʵȴҲ޷ʿͻƿ
ܹ˲䱬ƽһľȷǲˣҲ֪ľһõһľģͻû˵֮ľ
ãĸϢʧˣѵĸǰˣԶڱڤ֮һʿһ˫֮г˲˼飬˫Ŀſľ֮ɭķ򣬾ڸոʧȥ˺ĸϵ
ľڸʲôôһӽôһʿЩŭ
ĸѾ˥ˣǶάĸ򲻵ԾԲĸ
ȴܸܵǰãĸд֮Ǻĸ㳹ʧȥϵ
ֻһͣĸ׵ˣ
ˣҿľһˣʿɫҰס
ľѬһµķģ뿪ľһС硣
ռ֮¼ܹס͵ĵطûмˡ
ͱľѬһǳذһǳǸһŵɡ
֮еȻټȴҲǴŵġ
ɺһ岻һһ֮лиʿɰٴ
žһóƵҩɣڸһҲСµľҲǷ
ʿʦԣҲá
֮ȱ˵ҩĸѱһԼϾţ֮мʹûдʿ򣬵ȴȻķˮ
Ʒн׵ҩڻ굤
ƷϽ׵ҩ
ƵĴ߽׵ҩ˵߽׵ȴ࣬ɵʿʿҵԼҪĵҩ
ƷϽ׵ҩ֮һ֮ʿ˵õĵҩˡ
ֵҩҲƣ͵һڳ˵ģȵܹʱЧѾ΢΢ˣûзù
ȵ֮νһָ֮֮һ֮Լһ
ʹԵĹһ£ԼϵƺѾﵽǧԣҲ֮
һľ֮󶼻Сʵ
ͱеʿֻʥΪڷùһЩĵرķأʹԶԶҪǿͬʿ۲εʿҪǿ
ƭԣȴʵʵġ
һ˵ﵽʼӵһ֮ɫʮʮ֮ﵽʥӵа֮ﵽҲĿǰĲξͻǧ֮ǧҲһܹ֮ﵽ֮ҲǼٵģ֮Ҳ֮еš
ûߵʵֵܹģҲ׶ҼΪ׼ȷ
ڴԼ֮СҲ࣬Ϊʿ֮ҲǼΪɫˡ
֮͵ĻʩչһЩͨ˵ǡʽĻô͵ܳɱʹʩչʽ֮ΪͨһˮҲ屶Ҳʮܹ֮ʩչХǿһп¾ٱҲ֮
ɼһǿͨһ˵ǶôҪ
ͽһЩòĵҩȫ˳ȥõʯȫһЩϧҩȻŽ֮
ιιι˵ŰһεӵҪˡԱмʿЦֹ
Ǻʲôϵյӵ̫̣ڣΪﵽԪӤڣĽʦʸΪŵĵӡһʿм˵
յֲһˣÿһʿμҲֻʮܹͨѡʵ̫ϿһЩ֪ûϷʿҲȥ
˭˵أ˵֮ѾԪӤڣҪΪĽʦɲһ׵飬Ǳ츳ġ
Щʿ۲һЦĽʦԼڽᵤڵʱƺѾĽʦˣԼڵưƷҩмĳɹʵģһλʦˣǾ֮ǿʦҲδܹһѹһͷ
⼸յӵ˵ʢˣû֮һ
ǳصʿڳžǻۣϣܹţΪһʦֻǳΪһʦԺҲóˡ
ÿÿͱ˽
ţһֳȣżöŵĿ͡
ﲻλΪʲôҪҵģ͵һЦ׼ͻ
羰ãүҿˣ㣬һɾˣӳһƷɾ
üͷһ壬ƺе̫ˡ
ȵȣ£㱾үȾơ꿴ľѬʱжʱһ⡣
̫ˣʵ̫ˣʦҲûŮǧ֮һ
ھ֮ǵһˣǺľѬһȾʲôˣľѬʣ̲סڻСĺǻ
ľѬȴüͷǰ곤õǿȴһֶĵĸоԶԶûԱô
ʲôûүүǾųʥɽĵԵʿԺǳ⣬ȻҪֺꡣ
͵˵ͷеľһ꣬ӳһʯľѬ׼뿪¥һ競ѣͻû˼һ竽档
ţ˵Ҫ¡һ͵ǰ
ҪöģѬŲҪһ𡣡ľѬһһŻӡ
ģ㾹Ȼ˵үģƺǱʹ
ľһƤң˵ǾģһЩŮҲȲѬĿоȻͳ˶ģ
Сˣ˵һ顭
žͻȻһɫӡ
㡭㡭㡭㾹ȻҴңŭĿͣΪɽĵֻ۸˵ķݣб۸ġ
ϣɱɱкߵʿΧס͡


810 ͻ
СӣĺݣҪ־͹㲻ʶʱӡʮʿʱΧס
ɽҲ֪ԼӣǵһЩʵǿʿɸıڽǺ徳ʿ֮оǿԺߵġ
ɱٰǸССүҪܡָľѬ
¥֮еʿԼУԶԶĶ㵽һߣ֮һֱһԭǱǾԲǵġ
鲻֮н֪ġ
ҲЩʿãʹԽԽţһϴ϶ӣǸΪʥֵүүɽ֮⣬˶
ҲǼɵɽھ֮ǿҲͶĻΪһֻ۱һֻֻۣҪʲôΣŵ飬Ҳȥ
ƺʮΧͻ񫣬˦һƿ
ƷϽֻҪ˭жһ첲һ͹ˡŵ˵
ĸ඼ɵʿһöȻҪЩΧ۵ʿ֣ھ֮еĵλ
ƷϽ׵ģһܼӡ
˭˵أɽôҩҲֻǻڣӣ鼶ǿˡ
Χ۵ʿ˰ܼаһѪͷǿһöķϣҲźԡ
һöһ֮ʿȻǲŹˡ
СӱǣҪ־ֻܹˡȺ֮߳ʿȻ׼ˡ
͵µĿһȺˣ壬壬һЩ߰壬ЩΪһȻܳԼ
ǺǣֵǮȻˣҲмţƷģӦñһҪãж첲ǵˡĶöԲ
ͻԲ磬һŲ֪Ҫ߳˶١
ƷȻƷ񲻸ŵĿŵذŵҩ
ͬһֵҩΪƷƷƷмƷ
ͨƵĵҩƷֻΪʦпƳƷõĻһļʻƳƷ
ʹǱΪʥֵɽҲֻǿƳƷƷҩôҲֻгֹһΡ
ڴ˵֮еļƷҩĪ˵ƣû˵
һöƷڳõʱȷܹһ֮ǷõԽ࣬ҲԽ١
һ£ʮö֮Чͻȫʧ
ƷҩͲһˣõĴʹ˶ҷһö֮Եʮ֮һöƷļֵһöƷٱ
öƷļֵԶԶеһöƷóʮöƷڼֵҲԶԶöƷֻҪɵӣ˲ֱܷⵤҩļֵ
һʱ¥֮ڵնЩʿڿǷҪˣŪöƷ֮뿪˲ǻˡ
Χ۵ʿ뷨ߵĻʼҡˣƷҩŰ֮ڶδܳƷҩ
ʲôʲôүүɽŵһʦǸҵңүүһʬεġҲˣæԼүүϣܹסЩʿ
Ŷǲôʮˡ͵һЦ
ࡱʮöƷ
꣡ʱʿĺóأ˫ɺĿʮöƷǻ¸ʲô
ɱոջվһʿһಽȺ֮С
ססԮүүԮæһŷ䣬һʱڡ
䣡ʿȭͷ֮ϡ
ͷѵһʿҽŵ˳ȥ
һȺСүүүµıƾҲ˵ҡһķɳ¥ʿĶʱ
񲢲£µɽ˵Ѿ¯ĵزټ϶ɽڵΪǾŵһˣӰҲȲɽ
һɽ֪ô¥֮еʿ˭Ҳ
ˣ㣬ҪĻǳþ̵ֶĥʮ죡Ц
͵һЦ⵹һ⣬ĥ㵹Ҳ
Ҳ͹ɽ֮еӰЩʿ֮ȻҶˡ
žָһ㣬ΧĽͻȻһܿͿʼ߽⣡
ܣʹʲôͨ񾪿ֵĿͣƿһ˲ԼӾȻá
Ͳûĺָ׵ۣһһĿĶͷ
ſүֱʱĻŷӦһӳ˹
ɲǼ׹ֲʮʿɡ
һ֮¾Ͱʮʿˣ⵽ҪôǿΪܰ쵽
Ҳ֪һߵˣ˵ΪԶԶԤϣʮ徳Ļˡ
ǰǰҡҴˣŹҰɡ˵һ竣вͨʿ硣
˭ɱҵһֻɫĵ¯ֱ͡
ˣһУһֻ¯ʱͱס޷½ֺ
һ֮۾磡һ֮䣬һ׷ʿѾһԡ
үүʥɽͿ׺ͷһۡ
µʵ۸һ󱲲ʧ𣿡ɽһ
͵һЦ۸ǾҪĵˡ
үүɱҪҪһĻͼˡޱȵʱȴһίСһ㣬ɽǰ
ѹɽ簮񣬹ıͷͬһ㰡
ѣһҾͲ׷ΣԶһ۰ɡɽ˵һ仰ʱ˵Ӧ·ĪĶһ㡣
ˣ֮еĵ¯ͻȻһ
䣡ʱһ¯ͱƬ
ҵ¯һֻɫ˳
ЦһС
һֻɫƣƾһԼؿڣֻΪצһץסɽĲӣ
㡭ɽĲӱ͵צģҪϢˡ
ʲô˰һоͻ˶ɽڵɽ
ֲ̫ˣʵֲ̫ˣ
ҲɵˣүүǾŵһ֣ôܾô׻أ
ѣһҾŴˣѿɷŹɽһʿϵķκɽһģһȻҲǾŵˡ
ǣ
ˡʿһЦ
͵˵ͷŹǿԣҪ˵ֱۡ
ָָ
㲻ģҡͻȻҽֱ۶ʱж


811 췣
һ˿ɫ˵ɱϰûпǾж첲
֪Ƿˡ˵˵
⣡͵˵ͷɿ֣ɽ̱˵ϡ
˿һۣͳһöҩĿС
ֻϱ֮Ѫһ䶯ոµֱͻȻ˳ָ֮Ѹ;Ͷһ
ⵤҩӿеζͶ϶ⵤҩѾǰƷҩˡ
һҩ֫ⵤҩʵټ
ǷͻľһϵĻ˾棬Ͼָˣʹֱ۱ҲֻҪһˡ
ֻһͨͨ࣬Ҳûʲô֫ȫһöҩ
ѹ˻˸ɴжֱۣԭһöҩ
һöƷҩһͷһ˵á
Ƴ˵ڵϵһۣ֮Ǻ⡣
ʵûʲô˼ʸһǧҲδܹвԼ
ѣҿвƷ֪ɷۣ˿͡
ԣֻҪǳǮ͵˵ͷ
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ˣ˲ɽȫ£ֻڲϷһΪϸСѪߡ
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Ƕɽ١ǴڣǴʿŻ٣֮оȻһ˿ϲԽǿžԽ
ź֮Ѿֻ꣬Ҫžܷɻڴˡ
ǿϢ֮оȻĴڣ뿪ǵͷһϢ֮ҲЩ졣
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812 ֲ
ѬȻľȥɫصĿžϿԽԽĿռѷ졣
ѬȥľѬҡҡͷ
ߣΣգһҲչ˲㣡ͺ
ǡǡľѬ˵Щʲô
ߣͺ
һľѬɵˣǵһμӡ
ѬԣѬϾͻȥ粻ҪľѬٺ˲ʧ͵ǰ
̫аˣϢ˵ĸоʵ̫аˣħаʿϢûа񣡡͸ܵһϢҲľս
ҳˣڳˣϿյĿռȻѣһͷż׵Ĺ˳
췣ûκεãﻹǳˡ
̣ߴһţڵʿɡ
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Ѫ⣬Ѫ⣬һҪѪ⣬Ҫָ߷ţ޴˾ǡ
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ζ޷ֵ߾޴ȫΪߵĸв͡
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813 ͷٴ
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͡
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һ֮츳ͨ٣ռһͨҲֻգһͨʿϿЩʿһĽʣҲû뵽쾹Ȼ˵֮е
Ǵ˵̫ˣҲûʲôֻðˡЦЦ⼸ͷ֮ö׾֮ʩչռζռ֮УʼѰ֮á
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֮ǰڴɵһ֮;ʧˣ˭Ҳ֪ȥһͻȻ֣ȻͻȻʧˡ
Ҳռʿһ֮ͬһ滹һ峤Ǿ޵˾Щռεײβģû֪ʲôʱ֣Ҳû֪ںδ
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һǽһЦһͷͬʱͣһʱĵص㣬ͷͣԼĽŲ
һֳһռСˡһͷʮɵһЦ


814 ƴ
֪һ֮гԼ֮⣬ĿǰΪֹռεľֻ滹һ峤ˡ
ǡɻĿǰһͷԼҪһҵ
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˾пܳΪڶһĴڡ
ѹ֣ѹ֮ǰɽ֮ûм⴫˵֮еţԭ˾Ҳռһͨģռ֮д
ҳ겻ɽû뵽̶̰ɽֳ֮һͷռεһ֮ˣһʷ϶ͷһΡ˾Ц
ΪһͨҿǸ˲СĴ۰ͿЦһ
κδ۶ֵõģһͨ޼۵ġ˾Ц
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ڡƾкܶ˵һ˵Ը⿴ģϾһʯпܾҪҵ
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͵ĿǸ˵ɸߵĹ֮һɹﻹǺܼ򵥵ġ
ȵʿֹһ֮ŴĿʯҾȸµĴ֮󣬾ֱһĶһ·ҲгоͭĴڣЩƷĺòϣڵʵЩƵķһôûС
ЩȵʿжǱһĹҪ»صˮ棬ָĵϾʿ嶼Գסǿֲˮµġ
Щʿǿֽˮ棬һ͸ϣÿһζֻǱһľȻҪأܲҵʯͿǵ


815 С
ǱɣѾǳͨʿܳܵļˣǶɽڵǿҲǱȣ˵ǿֲˮ£ײˮѹܽһɽڵʿĸѹˡ
Ҳ΢΢üͷ徹ȻһЩˡ
¶ȿ¶Ѿ˵Ǹˮ̶ˣѾǽƽ˵㣬пܳŲס
ԽǹŹ֣ҵĿԾԽߡͺһʱһ㱡Ľǡ
ƾֲֵܵ¶Ⱥˮѹתƽ嶼˵ɫһʱѹ
Ǳ˰ɣͻûзֵ伮֮мصǸɹ
ɾ͵ȵĵײˣûʿ
ȵҲǧɰˣһЩƵͰĵطпܵǧٶɣ쳣ǿˮѹ¶赲˴ʿ
ƴ֮ΪҪҪǱô³ֻ·һ
ȵײȥǸɫĿʯȵײ쳣ĸ´ЩʯƷʶΪľ࣬ȡ
ϷЩʿ֮ѰĿʯֻһСְˡ
ÿһʱ䣬ȵײͻһЩЩЩʯӿһЩʵؽĿʯϸϷʿ񵽡
˫ŵأŲڱˮյͨĿʯ֮ϣһ飬̫ˣĽҲ̳ˮݡ
ÿֲ¶ȣ⣡תƽЩֲ˳͵תһȦ֮һα׳Ȼµա
;Ȼȵ˴ĵطȵײĿֲ¶ƽٺʲˡ
Լûзȵײ¶ʱȵ¶ȶ½һҡ
һЩΧɼʯʿͷȵ쳣¶½˵һ£ǿǱҵһЩƷʸõĿʯ
һδ֮ãȵ¶ȾȻ½˺ͨȪˮһ㣬Χɼʯʿ׬һʣõĿʯѰʱڵֹ
Ҳû뵽ԼһεȻЩܵȫһա
磬䣬ôô䣡ȵײһѨ֮УһͷȫǳɫëСɪɪ
ȵ¶˵ָǵײ¶Ҳмٶȣ˵㲻̣ҲԺûʲôϵ
һͷɫСƺո˯ѣ˯ʵĿһ棬ڴһǷʱȵ¶ȻˣһЩǱıȽʿӦ˲ͱֲˮɣΪһѰ׹ǡ
ţˡɫСĵ˵ͷֻص˶Ѩ֮м˯
Ҳܵһˮ£ĿСĶѨ֮ϣոһԴͷ
˻͸ոսʶţ̲סһ
һѨ֮ƺʲôڣԼʶոտͱգִʹҲǴܲˣԺ֮һ򣬹Ǹոһ¾пܴˡ
࣡
࣡
࣡
ͿһѨʱ򣬾Ȼ˴ӶѨ֮вϴĺ
ɫĿһѨⶴѨ˾Ȼ˯
žʹһָʱָһĨɫĻѨ
䣡ǰŸս붴Ѩͱһˡ
ָоѪ֮Ķλһ㡣
һͷǿжԿɽʯĳǱҪĺ߽˶Ѩ֮Уȴѣĸо
ཱུ壬ֻʴĶ䣬Ǳ־ԵıӣһͷһͷûгΨһһͷëˣǼΪĳɫ
ʹôһͷСȻûз͵ĵȻں˯š
ȵײ֮ûʲôʿܹһͷСһӿҲûмʶ࣬ȵײһͷС֮ҲûʲôڣƧĻ˵ȫһͷСûκεľҲ֮С
СмɫĽᾧʩչֱӽ⼸ɫĽӤȡ˹
Ȼᾧ֮пһЩΪ·˵ǲ򣬵ȴһֱӦĸо޷ָһֲʲôԵġ
ӦþǴ˵֮еˡͽ⼸öᾧ֮׼뿪
ոתһֻޱȾ޴۾Ͷסڣ
𣡡˲ڣ֮вɼʯʿ˲
ʲôʱֵģĵһæתڵһ
͵ȻڱȴҲʹ࣬ȻҴ⡣
ȣɫСһ۾Ϳһ㵵͡
ࣿɫСʵ
ʹʱȫ䱸Ѩ֮Ǹ͹ﻹ˼С
ұˣò׽һ࣬ҪˡС˵
;㵵ǣһ˫޴۾ʱʧˣ·ûгֹһ㣬ҪȷոⷢһģҪΪǻþˡ
ģɫС·ʲôĶһк͡
ৣⶴѨ֮ͻȻһӣӣȻɫСԼ˫ȣ˾ϣ㻹һƿʺɫҺ壬ʱһ
ʹǼ˺öҲһʺɫҺ֮кôĻϵ
Ҫƽտûжʿһ֪˶ˡһС˷ܡ
ƺϲࡣͲûжһʺɫҺ壬ϿͷС
ţģÿ춼ҵķ㣬ȻȾҪҵķˣʱסĵطûˣǻʱʱһЩһͷСˣƵĻ˻ιǰϵһ
ϵı龹ȻǴ﷨⵹Щȣ﷨ϡģƴôҲѴ﷨ӵ֮аѡ
ܿ;ףСеͿЩûеס¶ȵĵùɣ֮ЩȻҲͳȵײˣǵʬ廹ûг¾Ѿֲˮѹ¶ճɻҽˣܹסˮѹ¶ȵıȻǷƷͷСװʺɫҺƿҲһĴ﷨
˭̲סʵ
ǸոǸһҺģһм֮иɻ£ǰҰǴˣŪ˺ܶöС˷ܵ˵
һͷС򵥰¸̾һ
̲ס˷ۣⲻŵܹȵײôǹ֪һͷСˡ
ס˶ˣʵ
֪ҴһһֱҲǲˡСҡҡͷ


816 
ɫСȵײȹ£ٺ˽Ӵʲôȫһ˵Сӡ
ô԰ǰռģÿ˯һôһСƿСһֱûжһʺɫҺ塣
͵һЦһҪ˯õİ
밡һ¶ǼɣҲ˯ñȽϳģᳬһǧģȻһҵġС˵˫ȣһϡ
ҡҡͷСǹ˯ģһǰꡣ
ȷһʺɫҺûʲô֮ͲŸҷá
һʺɫҺڣ͵¶ʱߣƤ˳ɫ·һֻ˵ĴϺ
ֲĻϵ͵ܣ
ȣһҺ֮еĻϵȻŶֲʹʧɫæתƽϵˢԼ塣
أ͵һźɫʣɢŶ
ʣ;첻ĿԼϵĺɫʡ
ֻո̤ʱֹ˶ĵҩΪѾԼڵȫſˡ
ǷһʺɫҺ֮ȻųôʣͿǴĿİ
ףϺóóСסԼıӣһֻӲϵȶš
ҲֻǿЦһһϵʶʱ룬Ȼˮʧˡ
ų˴ʣҲһˬ˷ܵǣһʺɫҺ徹Ȼ͵ΪǿЧĿ޻Ҫǿ
ˣֽᾧʲôͽСߵõɫĽᾧ˳
ҷʱһֱˣҲ֪ʲôСҡҡͷ
ЩʧΪⶴѨ֮зֵģСȻ֪ⶫõġ
ˣΪʲôȥأһֱҪ֮Уʵ
ǰ˵ģ˵ΣյģҪҳ֮ŻҳȥСһ뵽ĲȻԼҲȥ硣
СҲ͵͵ȥ磬ÿһζǱҸ˻֮СҲˣⶴѨ֮гԱ˯˯˳ԣϣꡣ
뷨СѾټˣǰȻûȥ
꣬ɲһСĿˣʹ֮Щ쳣壬ʮҲ㹻ǳˡ
СֵһΣƺϲģҾٸһΣֻһˣҲˣһҪԺȵġ
Сһʹִƿ֮еһΡ
;СҲɰģܹĵرóҲֻСԵܹôˡ
ȻֻǷһΣȴʺɫҺı
ȥþʿͷˡ
͵ѾǾεĴˣ˵ûʲôʵģڴ֮ǰҲôΪģǾһʺɫҺĴ֮Ͳ֪ԼھȻôʡ
һʺɫҺ֮ĻϵʵǾˣԼƺҲΪһҺѾǰ˶λˣѾǿܹˡ
ӵϲλڵİ˶λǧʱ֮͵ĸıʵ̫ˣȻ˴ĵرżĹֻϵҩʱķãŻὫֵز
ҲûпֱӽһʺɫҺ븹УոУ͵һαͨ죬һЩûбյĻϵȫ͵Ѫ֮УһαǿһΡ
۷ˣͳһ
֮ǰߵа˵˸ΪˣΪҪʮʱָܻǽ֮ΪȻͻָˣҺ̺֮ĻϵҲʵֲ̫ˡ
ѨǰˮͻȻϿһӰ˶Ѩ֮С
ţ˿ⶴѨ֮оȻĴҲһ㶡
һС˷ܵơ
ǡ˿üͷ
͵һЦ͡
ˡ
һ㶣ǰһ˾Ȼƴ֮еһŵĿɽˡ
˵֮ˣû뵽ȵײˣǰһ˵ĻôҲ˰˰ɡ
֮дʿ겢ϡ棬ϾһʿԪʮֻ꣬Ҫʮ˿ûġ
ǵԪľ֮ٿɲôöȹģ˿¶ȹĽѾϰٴˣڳȥħ֮⣬ǿ߿ǼΪټġ
˺ڣ˺ǿʵͰľ
͹۲˵ʱͬʱҲڹ۲ͣͽ۷ΪҲЩ𾪣۷ʱûȵײ
˶͵עҲôһˣܿʹӴ֮ͳöСǰ
£ƴ֮ѼĻϵ黨ϣá˹˰黨
һЩͶЩۺģЩ黨ҲǼΪģٶϵģǲҲıôôóô꼶黨
СҲûƴǣЩȫս֮С
Ȼƿ֮еʺɫҺ壬Ȼһᣬֵһ㡣
һϲ˾ҵĲ
վһԵЩ⣬Ƕô
Ҫ֪ʲôûиŪҺĻ¶ҪѪˡ
ÿһǰҪ׼ĻϵҶǾϸѡ֮ŸΪľҪһһЩҺ塣
ѾʮΣǰҲǻһΰˣȴΣβ
лˣһ±ضѰһЩĻϵ˶Сǧл˿ûд˺ǿߵķ緶
顭ɫŹֵĿһͷС
֪ʹܹ֮ΪҲôһҲһˣ̫֮Ҳ㣬ǰһͷɫСôҲûһϵɡ
ÿһ鶼ǼΪǿĴڣӵ֮Ѫģ͵ھ֮Ѫ
һ뵽һͷСҲп飬պ˼̳֮Ѫ;̲סһ
ҲҪС֮Ѫ֮ʱͻȻһͷӵͨҪˣ
˿еӦòǸɣһͷСҲ˵뵽ϾСһʵûʲô˵
ƺƴ˰ɡ˵
͵˵ͷ֮ˡ
üͷһ壺֮ˣŲûеõϢ֮лʿ
ǧ˵ħ綼ǵϼħ֮ҲһЩ֮вôһҲԷ˫Ľ


817 Сܸ
ΪƴĵһȻʸ硣
ʵƴ֮ӵǰĴĲұǻ񼶱ϵʿܽ롣
Ϊ˺ڵĸѾ߱˽ʸ
ʵףҲ֣˵ʵҪľǿ̫ˡ
ƴ;ҲôҪƴĻȻǰһк
ռһֱͨӴģȻ֪
ʿüһ˿ӵɫ
ҲЩĪ֪ʲô˼
ܹƾڰ֮ڽŴƴһɣȻһһ
С̵̷ƿ֮еʺɫҺ壬ܹ࣬һõ˲ٵǰûгԹСܿġ
壬Ӧͳµǰɡ˿в²
ͬΪ壬Ȼ֪֮еΪףҽ֮еԽǿ
οڱ£ƴǵ֮ĵһˣƴҪ÷Ҫ꣬Ͷ£ʹĵλҪͨʿ߳ܶ࣬Ȼܵ෽⣬ƴң
µٶȾ֮еЩʿҲѷɫ
ңʲôʱܳ갡һֱ˯ҲĵģȻҾ˯ˡС˫ʵ
һֻ޴۾һγˡ
࣬࣡
ͺ˶̲סס˶䡣
Ҫһǧ꣡ԣһֱô˵ģѾȥôһǧ꣬һûг󣡡С˵
ȻҵֻСöͺҲֻס䣬ĵԼĶĤ᲻ᱻˡ
ڵ伮֮мص֮еɹָӦþǸˣ۾ĴСжϣⰢҵȷô󣬾ǲ֪Ⱒʲô
˵ôӴǱȵʱӦûע⵽ģƫƫô죬ǰǸͲ֪һͷ޴ġ
ûйͣÿ궼һΣĿľҪȡСϵĲ֪Һ壬Ҳܹǿĸڡ
Ҫ֪ҲһΧɼʯͨʿȻǺҲûʲôϵֶȺҲ֡
ˣ˵ʲôҲס
֮вɼʯʱǡ˰ðˮ棬ʱС˾Ȼʱ˹ȥ
ǱҴϣȵǱȵײʱȻҲȥ
˵Ϊûеȵײͻᱻȵˮѹ¶Ȼɻҽ
ƫƫһΰǴСһģһСȻס˵壬ô˵ĽСĶѨ֮Уĳ̶ֳɽ˵ˡ
ðͷһ㶼СģһС˺ܾòðҴȥ͸͸
һȵײסСҪô򵥣ֻ뿴羿ôġ
ȵ֮󿴵СĵһӦҪȥʵ̫ɰˣ֮еŮ޶Ȼǿ׬ȡƵʯ
ȻСҲ˰ȥǵ˿һֻʱʱ̶̿ڶĴ۾ʱ˲ͽ뷨׵ȥˡ
СҲǵһμ˰֮Ȼޱȵ˷ܣǰԼĵһ࣬СԥĽԼʳ˷ˡ
ǵ˳ҲԪӤΪͶҪƽķҩҺ壬һССԪӤʿܹס
̷Һ˲䣬˾ͱҺ֮аԵĻϵˣڵľҲΪһҺĹϵת˻ԭȵİ˶ľת˾Ŷλ
ıûģһжԵĹĽеġ
˵ǲֲֿûҪǰһѣȻ˱ϣ֮ǶɽٳɹΪһʿƴ֮Ҳһˡ
ߵʱ򻹴Сߴһ
ҲˣҲϺ͵伮֮мصĲˣõ˾Ȼܹһᾧ·֮һ׼ΪĹҽΪƾ
֮˱ռϧĻϵҩһЩƴ֮ûеͻȥѰңûеȥĴѰңÿһνĶûظ
ΪߣҲԽԽСеҺԣƷҩ֮ҲùһЩЧԶԶȲСҺ壬Һ廹ǿá
˲ûп壬ϵΪȴһʥôҺ֮󣬼ʹû幦Ҳϴﵽʥ⼴ʹ֮Ҳġ
ҲǿСҺ壬ܹƴһţܹΪƴһ֡
Ϊֻ֪Ҳһֱڱܣʹ׶ҲûиߣصҺھֻһ֪
͵ĳȴˣϸСеҺعĻȻѹʱĪ˵Ųƴ綼Ҫ֮ܵ֡
УԲܰй¶ȥ¶һ˿ɱ
һ˿ɱܿɢȥðգһôǲȻõϢʱǴ˵ˡ
ɱҪ£ֻ£һ
̰ģҲ̰ģֻҪԼ㹻ĺôͬͬصҺ壬ͻͬģ֪ܱȰعҪá
ʱڶѨ֮е͸Ͳ֪ԼĴ֮оͱΪϸ
ҲΪˣһֱܱꡣ
ˣ𣿡С˵ȻҪȤĶˡ
Ͳ˵óһͣĸ͵Һ壬Ҳһһεĵˣһһӵĵ
Сǰһ᲻õӣΪƿ֮еҺ٣ƿһռ䷨ǿռ伫һ֣װһ󽭶ûʲô⡣
ģ֮оȻл˵ʯͷˣȰҴˡС֮иɫʱ۾Сˡ
๾࣡Ǵ׵
СЦĵ˵ͷ֪ˣֻǲ˵ˣܴܴġ
ƺҲϲͽһЩȤţ֮һֻ۾һֱڶڣ
Ҫ֪һЩȤžܻȡôҺĻﻹҪѾ˼ѾϵﰡƴȤž˵ٰʮ궼ûⰡ


818 С
˵ôȤţǼᶨСҪ˼ҶеĶˡ
˵һֱֹС뿪ԼҲһֱ֮УżððͷҲû뿪һ
˵Щܹ˵ʯͷ˰ҲȤҲ뿴ЩԼһʯͷʲôġ
֪֮ʹСǵõҺѾкüСƿˡ
Ҫȥ磬ҾˣҪȥ磡С˫һһ˵
ңȥȥһȥСŰŶѨ֮һֻ۾СɿɶⰢҵеġ
࣬࣡Ҳͬˡ
ŷҮ뿪ˣҿ׼׼ȥ磡С˷ܵ˵
ͲӣƺûͬҪһȥɡ
Сȥûʲô⣬Ҳһδˡ
Ҫ޴ﴩռɲһĴ󰡣Ҳе
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ȵײͻȻ˾޴ĺҲ֪ڸЩʲôȻŪôĶ
Щʲô̲סʵ
壡С۹ͻȻ·뵽ʲôĵһ㡣
衭ƺ뵽ʲôû϶
С˫ȣܵ˶Ѩ֮⣬ֻһϺһѨ֮һͷ޴˲ͱװ˽ȥ
ʮӷǵǶĴ﷨ܽ˴˵Ŀռһܰôװȥ
ܹռ䷨װĶûģСеİȻѾֻһʬˡ
ҽСʬŪ֮ͽСŵԼļϣ
þ޴ʯͷ˰ڿⰢҵ׳ʲôӡ
ⰢҴʱ֮УҲѹ֮ǰûзⰢңȶҵռˣ͵ʱͰⰢҵ嵱ȵһˡ
Һͺʯ˺񣬵ͷǣǺͺʯ֮ΪԵ
οҲû˵ʯ˿ԳɳôģҲʮˣͻҲˡ
ЩѰˣҪ봩һɲһ򵥵鰡
߰ɣ߰ɣҶôˣʵǲˡСߴš
εҡҡͷΪʲôҪߣǸҲ԰
УǸһˣÿֻҪҵĶ˵ʲôĶҡ뵽СĲм
֮СΨһ࣬ҲΨһһȤŵˣС;ͺкøУΪһˡ
СûӴʲôն˵ֱûԭǺܼ򵥵ģ˵ľǺˣѹľǻˣܿģȻһˡ
ҪѬһĻ˵͵һЦ
СֱѬһޣСҲѬ϶ҲϲһֻȫͨͨСġ
ңܲСһ㣬ȻҲôȥͿŰ޴еΪѡ
࣬࣡ҡҡͷ
ҵǲСģСҲ˵
ðɣҾһ԰ɡεҡҡͷô޴屳ȥɲһ׵鰡
ڵ֮Ѫһһֻ޴һͷСʯͷ˳
ôһֻ񰡡
ϻһɽ
ΧʿĿſе澰Ǵûмôһ˫һſͼڱգ
ˣҪĳһռ֮оҲҵǣͳ˵
û취Ⱒҵʵ̫ˣʹ֮ҪͬһɽһİҲǼΪǿûбѹѪѾǺܲˡ
ռҿ˲䣬񲻼ˣɽҲˡ
ʲôٶȣôô죿
ôôһӾͲˡ
һܿƴ֮дˣһֻһɽͻȻʧˣͺصһαһصɴ
ܿ죬Χʿȵ¶½ˣûǿֲ¶ƣʿܹǱøĿʯʱţ¶ȿֲȾȻʼȻǺҲᡣ
飡ڤ֮һ죬һͷ޴ʱˮУһ죬һ޴ʯͷֱҽ˱ڤ֮֮УһףĺˮʼڣϺΪܲ¶ȶ
ʹŴǵһθоռôܣѹһɽҪռ֮иƶָоֱǱҪܰ
һ廹ڱ
ֲ̬ͬǾ㣬Ǿ
һΪˮΪ
һ֮Ի᳼һ壬ΪǰˮȻǰǾ޴ǺһҲҪģһʮɵľֱǶ֮УʿηǰȴͬԼҵĺ԰һ㡣
һЩˮµĺֻҪӦϵϢͬèһ㣬ԶԶġ
Ǿ޴Ҳʿò죬֮еȷʯˣô޴ʯǻǵһμһͷʯ˵ļϻһͷ˫վĳɫСĴһֺǹĸо
ͺܿҵ˰ҵڣϾô޴弴ʹⱱڤ֮ҲǺ۵ġ
ʵ̫ˣСһ㡣ͿŰҵҲһͷʹ
Ҳ֪ʲôΪ˵Ϊﵽһĳ̶֮ҲǿɿĴСģǰȴƫƫܡ
ȻԼܿĴСôֻܽˣ
ⵤڡҵԼҪĵҩ
ⵤ˼壬һöҩĿԼĴС
˵ֵҩҲһּΪߵĵҩСֻҪΪһľȻȻ飬Ҳ֪ĸʦԱ˳ŵоּߵĵҩ
Ҳãٿ԰Ѱҵˡ
ⵤЧȻߣȴҲǰƷϽ׵ҩɲס
ⵤҩҪҩ֮жУֻҪвϣ˵ƾͲ⡣
ں׿ٳһ֮󣬽С˽ȥ־Ϳʼ
С͵з任һҩһ˵¯֮С
СǵһοƯַúܾ档
ۣܿ죬һɽζһ¯ҩʱˡ
ƷϽ׵ҩҲưҡҡͷƷϽ׵ҩҪô׾ƳĻ֮еʦҲôˡ
ʧϰ¯ҩ˾ϣϰ¯ʧܵľĻϣڽһöⵤ˳
֮ǰûƹĵҩһǰƷϽ׵ҩȻڶ̶һ֮ھͽˣ֮Ҳָˡ
ƷϽ׵ҩܹ֮ƳЩҩʦԲ࣬ҶǱΪϱ


819 
һöҩ֮ӦþͿСˡͽһöⵤһһֱػڶİҡ
һڼҲһЩ۵ʿҪǷʲô飬İһƸĳ⽴һȥ֮ûʲôʿҿ޴ʯͷˡ
˵лл㣡С˫˵
͵˵ͷԺʲô㣿
ͻСǴ絫ȴû׼һֱһ𣬱Ͼһ֮仹ǧ֮Լأǰ䵽Ҳֻռʮ֣һٻкܴĲ࣬û̫ʱ˷ѡ
ڻСһСԼԸҲСٺôʺɫĲ֪ҺĪİͲŻС
ȥ氡ܹĴСĻǾ߶ˡСһ뵽ܹ̲֮ס˷
ȻҲ㣬֮ҲкܶΣյģǵʵͶСʵЩɡ
ûϵаڣֻҪаңҾͲΣյġСں˵
ͿһѾⵤ̷ȥİңʯͷ˾ʵǿҲǿȥҲ൱ڴǿߡ
ƴ֮дǿ߻Ѿһ֮гưˣ磬ʿɲ٣ټϻ֮ǿ򣬴ʿԲڴ֮⣬ҲΪʲôԸƴ֮ҲԸԭˡ
СңҺģǸҵһָסġСƺеĻɣæ͡
Ҳεĵ˵ͷ֪ˣҺ
ڰҵʵͲľСڰҵı¾˺ڵǿ߶ʲôȻҵʵȫ֮ϵġ
˺֮Ȼ㲻޵УֻҪЩεĸ֣ӦҲûʲô⡣
ⵤİһһСӦⵤҩЧ
һٷĹ֮ⰢƺѾȫⵤҩЧɵʱСҡ
ȻȻҪͨ˾޴٣֮ҲټҲӰжڰ˵㹻ˡ
Ҷ⣬˵ĺѣСڰҵļЦ
һᣬѵҲ̫˰ɡ
뷨֪ĻȻ˵ĳӡ
ԼûʲôǰƷϽ׵ҩ֮жʿܹƳܹƳƷϽ׵ҩıȻ֮мΪʦҪ붯ЩʯҪСĴۡ
֮ʦԱϺ͵ṩĲ㹻Ƴ˵ҩôãҩ㣬ȻûõĵҩҲûȥˣȫʦˡ
⻹õģãûƳĻôҲֻϵùʦɲ⳥
ǰһ˺ڵǿʦһöƷ½׵ľת굤һΣûƳɹķѼĲȫˮƯˡ
˺ڵǿ߶ʱŭˣǲ⳥ʧĻضҪһʦ֮ء
˺ǿߵĿţһʦֻǺһ
һ֮һǿߵʬһɽ֮бˡ
˺ǿߵϲ˿ڣµģħʿµģһµģ˿жϣһǿǰΪҵսϵ˿ڶʮͬ
Щ֮仹һЩǱ˴˶гԹģһǲܺġ
Щӵ˶֪ôˣֻһʦпӵ˴ĺܹöʮǿΪԼս
һ֮֮еʿҲԵʦĿֲǵʵǿȴõҩǿΪ
ƳһöƷϽ׵ҩ˵ǼһĴڣֻҪƳˣ֤ӵưƷϽ׵ҩǾƷһʦҪıһ֡
һѾ͵һˣ˵׬ˡ
û뵽ǣһǳͬʱҲ鷳ϣȻǺ󻰣Ҳ˵
ǰҸС֮ȡһСƿ
ⲻıôˣƿͺϤСʱʱ̶̿ĶװĶʺɫҺ塣
ǰҵģҵĻأ˵ĶѾûʲôôˣǶкܴô
ͽӹƿƿֻ֮ʣһҺ壬ҲǾ˵ġ
һʺɫҺļֵͲһöƷҩ񻻵˰ƿֵѾԶԶƵһöⵤˣ⵹Щ˼ˡ
ͻȻ亣ˮʼҵķһ޴ľӨᴩ˱ڤֱ֮أ
ǡʹʧɫ
һһΪ޴ɣ
һ޴ȻǸĽ㣬һΪһɽ֮еϼһҲ˲١
һѾ߱һǣƻĺܣʵҲǿһĸҲûռʲôˡ
òͲҪã
ͷۣһġͰԾ
ܹͷ۵ľһ֮еĹ壬п޻壡
޵Իм쳣ªģͬҲͷۡ
ޡһ֡
֮ǰһһֱǱڤ֣֮ǿҲչᣬǹһ񣬱ӵ˶ҲһƬ
һģ˭Ҳߣһһʿ˿УֲĻϢ˲ӣˮΪֲ¶ˡ
ǿĻϢҶǿ˲֪ٱͰ̾һ
ҶڵҲǻ֮ѪϢ쳣ǿ󣬵ʿǰӨˣ߸Ͳͬһ֮ϡ
һȻ۲ǸҳҲô
ƥŪûбʵҲֻԼ֮֡
ȻҲϧѾԹ˲Ͼˣǳ֮һˣѾϣҪԸǿ߾ѾǽͷöˣﻹĲ뵽һ
ƯңҲҪҪҪСָһ˵
ͷһСһˣǡ
ǰֻСģ͵ֹûзϣһһֱֻץסһ
𣡡һҵͱһɾ𿪡
һʿŭһɹѪֱײ˰ҵ֮ϡ
˻֪ѪҲΪҵѪܹɥʬġ
õģûµģСں˵Ȼܿ캣ֳ˰ҵӰ


820 Ѳİ
ʿҲһҾȻһ鶼ûУȫʯİҸͲһѪ⡣
ָ࣬࣡⼸ʿһŭ
˵ЩʲôͿС
˵ءСЦ˵
ƺһ㶼İҡʵ
ȻЩͳͳǰҵĶ֡ȻС԰ҵʵųģȻͲ֪ЩǴġ
˵ӵսһʿһǿҲǺǡ
ɽ֮⼸ͷǿģʵҲǵУǴ˺ڵĴڡ
ڳʿ֮иѹľһʿˣʹֻֻһˣȴԶԶѹһһ塣
һڱ֮󣬽ͿʼӶݣ
ܣʿЦһһ壬ŵƾղһȦ棬ֱסһ
һȦ˲սһ󰧺һȻסȦȦ֮˳
Ȼе㱾£ѹⱱڤ֮ӶôãʿЦһ
ңץסСߴٵ
࣬࣡ҵ˵ͷȻһʿ˲ָɴС󲽿ȥ
ʿɫһ䣺ʯˣ
Ҳѹǻϴˣ֮ʯ˾ֻкʯˣҰҺͺʯҲէһȷǻǸ졣
ԣʯ֮оûôģͷʿҡҡͷ
ʯ֮ǧɵʯ˾ͺټˣɾ˽Ǵڴ˵֮УǰİɣԲǺʯˡ
ʿ֪ʯڶɽ֮УͲҳһΡ
ʯʿоһƶı⣬ʹǵѿɽҲдʿǱץʯ˵̣ɱĺʯˡ
ǡһʿ۾һͻ
СʱһԼǻǵҵ͵ɵʱһԼǾޱȵˣʯ֮пûֳǵġ
㵽ǺηʥʿɫЩأȻҵĴڸ˲СѹǰϵĻ棬ЩԵֵ
࣬࣡ҵĿз˵ͳ
ڳʿɫôÿʵһĲξǺҲܿ˵ˣǵȻΪʵ˵ôֻǰˣˡ
ǲ֪ǣͬһǰҵԣҲֻСܹˡ
˵ʲôʵû취ҵҲֻСˡ
˵ǰĻСЦЦ
ͿЦһⰢҵĻѶ
ʿһͬһգĻֱѹȥ
岻ܣһɲҰɫĻͻȻðɻڿײ
ϵǾȻǰҵĻѹסһʿ
ͿʩչĲҰɫʱǰһ𣬿
ʥ棡ͷʿɫЩѿ
ʥ棬ʮ֮ڶʮߵĻ棡
ȻʿĻǿʥǰҲҪμ穣ǱѹƶѣĻûбʥɾѾıˡ
ڵʥѾȫˣڵĽ۷ֻһƻѣҪ͵ǿ
֮ʲôʱĹ̥ʿ̲סһڻûбѹƣʹóػķһҲ޷ѹǽȴһʯ˸ѹˡ
ƿɫĻ淭תһɫĳն£
ϣҸûжܣһɫĳֱն˰ҵļϣһǡ
ҵĽʿһæһɫ˻ڽдȻһȱڡ
ý˾Ȼѽиˣ
ǧɽĽȻҲбڵһ죡һʿֻЦ
УҲһʥεǧɽһ
һĨһ֮ϵȱ˲ʧˡ
һԼĽƶɣıǧǵһγ𻵡
üӲ壬ʯ˵Ǻǧɽ̾˿
һӲѾڲ֮ˣǧɽԸ⶯һЩ޷ưҵ塣
Ϳҵ徹Ȼ˵ļӲҲһԭΪԼѾǼ᲻ɴˣ鱦ҲԵ¡
ǺͰҵһȴԼƺǰĴ
Ҵ󲽿ǰһһʱһץһͱεУã
ſʥһѪɫǹһ㣬ֱ̰ҵ顣
ȫӲ۾ǴģʥȻҪҵ۾Ϲ
ǹҵĲţʥһʱ侹Ȼ޷סǹֱ۶Ϊҵʹʧȥ֪
⡭ʥûзӦҿŵһֱӽʥȥ
䣡ڤ֮ʱһɸߵˮֱʡ
ʥһֱĵ˱ڤףһǶȥɡ
һǿǻ˵Ļһƿ¾ֱӽĳˡ
һУҾʹʥһ嶼ܱ֮Ϊŵʿ
ǧɽЦһʥԵĿҪֻǷ𣬺ķһԪ޲ʥĳǹȴǳ׻ˡ
ֻһһ˲֪һñϵĳǹ˲ͱһѷĩ
ǧɽ㻹֣ѲɿһʯУʥ
һ壬Щ֮⣬Ȼκε˿ڡ
֣ϼһҲţǱʯȡ˭õǧɽҲûЦݡ
һ֣ʥһʱͿת˲ͺͰһС
飡ʥһƴ˰ҵϡ
ʥʱɫһƾȻֱӰԼָˣ
ʩչ˷ͨǶ׳Ȼܱϣʯʯ׺Ӳʥ죬һԼָԭλ
𣡡һǧɽʱΪһǧɾһβ˰ҵϡ
ǧɽһβ;Ȼұ
ҲǱҪڰҵʲô˺ûκεĿܣ
ⰢҵĸȺģΪʲôû˵̲סʵ
ӲǷħҲδҳڣʹǧ֮Ҳ֮ºպˣƫƫͶⰢҵһ֪
ǧɽҲǳһƿȷǰѰβͶû֪ˣβϵҲը
ǾⰢҾһͷ⬣ҪҲɱһǧ˰١ԣ˶ûԼǱˡ
÷ɣ𻵣ɣԷû£Լȴ˽ǣ


821 Σ
һϿʥǧɽȺԿҲû˶ֵˡ
ǰǻҪǿ˶Ըʯͷǻ³ֻ˲ҡ
÷䣡ҾͲʯͷôʹ򣡡ʥͺһ
İ޶ʱնһâЩâڿһС
âͣĺŰҵ塣
ͶЩηĵâȴ޷ڰҵһ˿һ˺ۣ
һĳһ˲ɢ
˵õķǽǵԷķǿһ̶ȵʱĶôù
һڰҵвϵǰҵֽץסһҵͬϻǯһ˿
¡һɫӰҵͻȻɣڤ֮·Ǿһεһ㣡
ǧɽһΰıӰ¶һ˿ϲɫ
̫ʧˣһͷʯ˶޷Ը
һʥüͷ
С񣿡һֲѹʱѹ
ʥҧʥݼǰ
ߡһĿ˰ҵϡ
ⲻġ¶·֮װˡ
ǿʵʻҪǿһߣͱܵжʵҪǿʻҪǿһ
ʹұСȻ̵Ŀս˿ΪҸеǡ
ţüͷһ壬ҾȻԼһžȻû¡
࣬࣡ҵ˫ͻȻһ⡣
䣡һƣɫĻܵסʥ档
ʥ棬Ȼﶼ˷ѣɣֻڱʥܷǿһЦһֻ޴צֱ
ϣҲֱӭȥ
ǡʽԣȡʽѷɫ˲٣м˼־裡;ȵĿһֻ޴צġʽǺεȵư
ʹ֮ġʽһսǵŷ֣ԭһյսûеһסʽ
һֻ޴צͰҵײһ
ǿӮˣЦһһֻצ˫£
䣡һֻȻסֱֻ֣ӱķˡ
ԣͻȻһֲõԤС
ۣ󱳴һʹһѪ˳ȥ
һҾȻһ˱ӣڱɵһ˲͵һ飬ֱӴĺ֮ϡ
ҵֹ֮һֱӽѪˣ
ⰢδҲ̫ǿһɣʼĴڰôô򣿡뷨ˡ
˭óҵǿȫһӲʯףǿҲ޷һʯףĪ˵Ǵˣ˺۶¡
˺ԷûУǶԷһѪⳡԾһʼͲһϣ
ػûдưҵʯףԼЩ˼顣
ûκεԥչֳԼı壬һ˾ײ˰ҵϣǶס˰ҵʯס
žֻצĿס˰ҵļ
ɣŭһһڱ˳ҵͷ­˲ͱһװ
žΧʱðʥ棬Щʥɢǻ棡
ʥ䵽ԼϣܿЩ档
Ȼû˺ңǵײצҲֻʯ˼ӡҺܿʧˡ
⡭ʥޱȵĳԾ
ΪһʵӹɵģԱӭ׶ˣȻû˵ң
Ҿ˵Һģ㿴ӮˣСЦ˿˼Щǿߣֱ߳˺档
̯ϣȵСȥȻ̧СŵԼļϡ
ƯСһ𣿡Сץľ
֮ǰľͻȻ˳Ҳ𽥵СһС߲Сǰϡ
⡭ǡ񡭡ԣǡС˲;һͷС򵥣һͷϸܵϢϢֲģֻ˵
ǡС
㿴𣿡СһӵĿ
㡭Ҫȴ֪ﷴ
ʲôǵԷӵкһϢûбֵ̫Ե
㣬˰ңһˣҲŲͻ˵СŤͷ˶ϵ
ڰ̲סСĴָСһţ˵֮ҲûмаҵػС˭ˡ
ǿĵŭ𰵰ԼǺͬϢļһԲһ»
ڳǿ֮ҲֻӴԲŲСĲͬʥһļϼһԼ涼ģʹҲСĲ֮ҲԼ롣
Ǽʹ°ҺССԹԵ
СģյͿ˸ǰûпС񫣬ߴŰ뿪
뿪һļϼһҲ赲ﶼʯͷ³Կˣϼ˰ɣһһҲѾ׬ˣһһһռʮȲϣǲһδɵ֮Ӯҡ
峤ǵǾõһܹԼõãҪǧټ˵õ
ͻȻðİҽһˣǵҲˣû䵽УڰıߵһͲǹˡ
һǿѾæýŲˣһӶʮޱȵ˷ܣʱЩһǿʩչͨЩõɽ֮С
ɲ㶼ܷŵģҪǱЩܵĻ޶ûеطޡ
һҪʲôλãǸλҪʲôסһ󹤳̡
ǲӵ飬Ҫ֮һ㵽ﶼԡ
һһֻɳôǿǰᣬȫɽ֮æء
֮ҲͬС죬ֻҪŪȫڰ
ҲӹĲһ㣬˻нʥĸһ׷ɱ˴磬ֱǶħ֮УŰ֡
ǰħ磬ħҪϤĶ࣬ǿɲóóȻħ֮УǡһѲħ۵ĻôĶ֪


822 ʮ
㲻׼ߣһ˰ҵǰ
۷ǱȲϰңٶȣⰢҾҲϲ
ˣҲŲ˵ءС죬ߴŰҿ뿪
ҶСǾԷӵģʹǰȻ󲽿ǰ
йǰĽѵҲҺʯͷӲӲÿǰһͺһ
ں֮µͿҲ߳ƵȻǱұƵֵزҲЦ
ЦôģⰢҵʵ̫ǿˣҸұ֤㽫ƽǿҲԱȲҡºһ
ҡҡͷҪƽһŰ˼幦㻹֪ҪأܲĲ㶼һδ֪ء
ֻ˵ƽ㲻ܺͰȴû˵ϾֻҪгıһֱȥܹ鱦ǰһٵ鱦һʮĻܺͰˡ
ֿҲֻǴ֮С
κһʿõ鱦ϵ鱦ĶãһҲ⡣
Ѿ˲鱦Щ鱦һⶼ鱦ϡ
鱦ˣ˵Щǰһٵ鱦ˡ
οܹǰһٵ鱦Ѿӵ൱ǿˣ紿ɽʹûʹ£뿪ɽһԵɽ֮еһڵʿ
ֱӽⴿɽӽ֮УһǷӡס˴ɽʣһ֮йҲûʲôΣ
ǾԲⴿɽ뿪ģⴿɽ׳֮ǰǾԲġ
ܾԲй͵ĵߣԲκ˴һߡ
ҽһһ֮ǰԲ
ǵ͹˰ҵֻȭһɴСʯͷͻȻ֮з룬
һһССʯͷˣûκεӰ죬ϵǳ˲٣ںһ̰ɴСʯͷ
Ҳ̫СˡһƳһŰɴСʯͷһ٣ֱӱס
䣡û뵽ǣʯͷһ˲䣬ʯͷ·ǻһ㣬˳ֱֱӸȫת˲֮ͱһʯ׸ǣ濴ȥһʯ
顱һʯ֮д˺צͣĻʯʯǰһֹɵģӲ̶Ⱦһ㣬һ˰ٴβǿһʯƬҪƿǶúܡ
Ҿôյһһ뿪˱ڤ֮
Ӵ֮ڤ֮һۣһʮҵʯڿУ滹ͣĴ
ʮŽ
ɱ㣡һ죬һöʯѣ˫ʱȴͷǱ
ʮ꣬ʮ꣬һʯ֮ʮƿһöʯӳ죡
裡˵Ǿ޷ܵ衣
û֮Ȼһʯͷ˺һͷסˣһʮꡣ
ǻ֮һ֮Ҳϵĵλƽƽ˵֮֮ϣ
ǧɽֵĿڷйõ
ʮǧɽһֱԱػţҲǲͣĺʯл֮²ܹʮ֮ڽʯƣҪ뿪ʯ뻹Ҫٶʱ䡣
һαҲǧɽֵ˽⵽˰ҵ嵽жôļӲ
һֻʮҵĵǾܹסһǿ߳ʮ֮ã嶼幹ɵİҵǿ˺̶ֳȣǧɽ֮Ƿ񻹴ܹưʿ
ѵʯӲĲʾ㲻Ʒƾ䱾ʵҲˣЩʣʯһƵĻԾˣʿҲ˷ˡ
Ϊʲôʮ֮ûг֣ǧɽ̲סʵ
֪ˣʮ֮ȴûг֡
ǧɽһۣûʲô
һ֮еĵλǱѰǸҪһҲǧѡ
һ˺һϢͲܳ֡
˰ʯһͷСĻ֣ûסȻҲˣֵĻôʯ֮ʮꣿ
˲Ϣ֮ɽһöʯ顣
ûгֱҪʯͷ²ĳͷ
ǧɽЩţһΪǿģʹǴ˵еҲֻһЩˡ
ǿԼӣǧɽԼˣҴĺףһ֮еĵλֻضѡ
ǲǡǧɽЩη塣
̾˿һϢǼϼһ֮ʵ벻ʲôĴڣͷԲһ֮е
鼶Ĵֻħ֮УǧС֮дûв鼶Ĵڡ
һͷ鼶ĴڣôһͷڵҪˣһͷ鼶Ĵڶһ綼ǼΪġ
ȥ񡣡뵽ֻһܲټһδ֪ˡ
ɭˮȡˣС֮еɭС֮һ
һɭˮȻҪɭ֮ɭСܹɼɭˮҲֻΰˣ͵С
ɭ֮ɷͲٵĹһǼ;һֱɭ֮У򲻸Ǳõһɭˮ
ڶʮɭˮСʢƵƿ֮УЦ⡣
ʮֵ֮õ˲䣬һѾȥķ֮һʱȥʮˣ궼ȥһռˡ
͵ռѾ˼ΪĵزǾɻһξ롣
ȻһǿĵõĹͣЩĵ֮вٹڿռͨĵã˵ռһͨռкܴĲ࣬Щĵöͻкܴô
ռһͨսʹռҲսǿʮ֮дǰѾǧС֮Լ㼣һЩС
ʮǰС͵Сƿ֮еҺʮȻǰƿ
ɲͽʡûʹãͼÿһ춼һʺɫҺ壬һ֮ĵҺ弸һôˣƿ֮еҺȴ˿١
ڵѾܹƽĵĲ˰ɡ뵽
ʹڵΪһ뵽ƽĵĲȻǲѾŰķˣɱˣ


823 ˮ
ƽǰ㻹˵Ҳֻ֮ǵ˵Ĳһˮˡ
ƽǰԶӦ˴Ķ󣬶˵Ĳȫˡ
ҵĲĴʽҲʵЩˣȻҪ־綾Լðٶ֡
¼ΪȻˮҲ״΢һпΣ
Ĵʥ֮еһ壬ͻûмĸˮģʹʵﵽ˴Ҳˡ
ǡƽĵĲƫƫҪˮ֮У徭סˮ֮ǿֲĶ֮󣬲ǿȻһ¥ͶҲӣһЩʿҲͨʿǰηηβ
ӣǷӣͿĲ֮ʱҲǰľ
˵⡶ƽĵĲ㲻һҪˮֻҪҵһЩ綾ҲƵЧȴԶԶȲˮġ
ͬܿ࣬ȻҪмֵһ㡣
ʵĿʹûֹֻͣʵǿܸõҲֻǿʵܹħ罫
ˮʿ֮ɫĶ֮ҲǼٵģҲֻһЩضĵطпܲˮΪȻһľסˣΧˮκҪʿһʿпܽУһƬˮ֮㹻ͷʹˡ
ȻǲȥģһʿˣĿŵΧĻٻһЩ鷳
ڴСʱһ쳣С磬˵ǰ˵š
һС֮оȻûκεǷҲоκε
СȻһƬȴ̵ӡ
ˮС֮оȻˮΧҪؾ֮һƬˮ֮Ҫࡣ
һƬȫˮɵ磬ƽĵĲٺʲˡ
͵ҲǿǵպҪƽĵĲ㣬һˮС֮һöռӡǣԼʹС֮ҲȻܹ׼ȷҵˮСλá
֮ǰͲΪԼ廹ûģԼ޷סˮǿֲĶԡ
Ǵڵʿˮ֮вһյĹʬ޴ˣͲòСһ㡣
ڵʮǰѾһһˣСṩʺɫҺ彫͵ǿΣڵѾǿֵܹˮĶˣټϡƽİҲˮ֮дϺһʱˡ
ǰһƬŵ磬סһˮ֮ûκεԣָоʵЩܲˡ
һ˹ͭɫĳˮ֮С
˻żոմˮ;̲סһ˫˲ʧȥ֪ˮǿֲĸʴ֮ڲͣĸʴ˫š
ҧҧתƽĵĲ㷨ˮ֮еĶؾȻȡȻ󾭹ƽת͵塣
ܿ͵˫žͻָ֪ȴԸʧȥ֪
ˮ֮ҵĽ
ۣˮĶԺֲմȾһ㣬;;Լ˫ŷ·Ǳǧçţ̤һ㣬ۡ
Ǻܿ죬ͱвˣ־ҵʹѾĥʱûκεҽˡ
Сӹݣˮ߿Ѿ°ȫˮ֮еҲ̲ס̾һ
ҲСӻ˺ĵĶԴԼǻ˱ʿʹ֪ɡƽĵĲ޴ĺôǶҲ޷¾Ҫˮˮͨʿһ˿˵Ҫˮ֮ˣɲǹ;ܰ쵽ģҪűȳ˸Ϊǿ־
֮г֮ҲֻͳܹƽĲϣЩͨѪ֮еľţټ۵İǲ˳ɾ͡
ͽһ࣬ĶԼûǿػ¾Ȼǳˮ֮УһֲǸԮ
ô̶ǧ֮ﵽֲΣҲǵǵĿŰӶˮ֮е͡
ˮߵһЦпܳΪۡ
ѾľˣʹˮĶѾĥľƣ͵Ѿ˵ɫͷ˵ɫˮ֮
ƽȻڼЩˮǻдĶضѻ͵֮С
ɲģһЩˮ֮۵һȻ󱬷ĻĪ˵۷ʿ֮ǿһ㹻ˮ綾ҲǱɵġ
۷ף͵ͺһ֮һɽɫĻ˲ܳ͵ڴߥޣЩѾ͹ͽϵˮ֮һ۷հԵޱȵ֮˲ɢˣ͵ͷʼðһ̣ЩǱųˮ֮
ƽɵˮ֮һˮ֮ӵһ̶ȣ͵֮еĽ۷׾ͻˮ֮ȼȻų⡣
˿ˮ֮ƽĵĲһּΪ³çľٶⲻ֪Ѿ˳ֵ׼
ͿɲԼ̫ûһİŲóóȻĽˮ֮ء
۷հԵޱȣԽ۷ѹˮ֮ٺòˡ
ʵط׵ЧԶ͵Ԥ֮ϣ۷ĲѹƣȫֻҪԸ⣬ˮ֮еˮ֮޷塣
һˮЧʹۿˣҲǽڵˮ֮һܹܵķΧһȲΣգͬʱܽˮЧӵ¡
ڽˮһʱ֮һԾ뿪ˮ
ˮҪټȥĻҶܲˡͳһ
һνˮ֮ʱ䲻̫Ȼͻܼ֣ǹ̲ͻǶġ
οڻһЩˮ֮ҪЩˮ֮ȫˣŻῼٽˮ֮УȻۻһ㣬ۻһ㣬ʱһڵˮ֮Ҳᱬģʱˡ
ʮ죬Ͳһνˮ֮Уһֱӽµĵطȫˮ֮УμʱȻֻ˰µʱ֮ˮ֮Уܶʼһ֮͵Ѿȫˮ֮УѾܹˮ֮д֮á
ƽˮ綾ٶҲԽԽ죬ڼʹûн۷׵İƽҲܳ׵Ľӿڵˮ֮ˡ
˵⡶ƽĵĲѾˣϾֻҪܹȫˮ֮ͬʱֲˮ֮Ĳˡ


824 Ĳ
ͶĿǰΪֹɹǺ⡣
ȷˮȷǳ͵Ժ۷ǿԽ۷ǿֱǿߣȫˮ֮ԶصĿѾ֮д󲿷ֵĶ
ȴˮ֮Լȥˮ֮ϲˣ뺣治һңˮ֮ΪСĵشܹһ㣬ˮĶԱȻǸӿֲЧȻҲǱȱˮҪ߳
һ֮Ǽλͳ춼û뵽
֮еˮѵãʹҪλͳ⡶ƽʱҲû嶼ˮ֮С
īĲʱҲһľͰˮÿһҲֻȡһεԼϡ
ȷǱͰȫ˲٣ٶȴԶԶ͵ġ
λͳ⡶ƽĵĲһС˰ǧʱɣȴǻһĹ
Ѿλͳ߳˲٣īɡƽĲʱûڵǿ
Ȼǲ㣬ˮ֮ͷȻЧôҪȣǱɡ
Ҳҹ룬ˮ֮ɲͬڱڤ֮
ڤ֮ͿǱɣˮ֮ɲôɣһˮĶس͵ĳܷΧ˲Ϣ֮;ͻᱻˮ֮
ҲֻӦһȵˮ֮ټǱһܹǱһɾѾǺܲˡ
һЩ֮еĶȫ˵֮У۷׵֮Щˮ֮ͱһƵɫĶЩˮͱˡ
ҵĻЩ֮˵Ѿû˿ôˣҲûзЩ棬Щˮ֮ںһ
⿿ЩȻǲˣý۷׽Щˮ֮ճ̬Ȼڽ۷׵ѹ֮²Щˮ֮ǻˮ֮ˣˮЩʴˡ
ֻѾǿǿںϵһ𣬼ˮ֮͵жһּΪֲĻ棬ˮ棬ˮ浽жôĶͻûԹҪһʿǺܼ򵥵ģϾͻˮ֮Уÿ˴ˮ֮Ƿֳһ쳤ؾ֮֮еˮ֮Ҳһ˵֡
֮Ǳ˽ǧɣʱˮ֮ͱֱǲͬնǻǰǱȵĻ˲ˡ
ˮѾ壬ÿǱһɶҪЩˮˮ֮ҲɫͶҪý۷׺ˮ滤סܱ֤Լİȫ
ˮˮ֮п˵ˮˮ֮пֲĶسΪˮϣ͸ո֮ʱֱǲͬն
ǱˣǱĻҿҪԲˡͰ̾һ
ƽм޵ģڼʹƴˮ֮ܵĳЧȴ΢΢
֪⡶ƽĲѾ˼£ʹȥҲûʲôЧˣƴȴλͳǧĳɹҪˡ
ϵΪȻ۷壬񼶱ǿҲӦˡ
뿪ˮСʱ̲ס֮ʱ޿̶ڵֿˮ֮ʱûʲôһʱȴԼͻȻۣⲻϵۣϵۡ
ҪϢˡ̫Ѩ
˵ǺټģΪѾﵽ۷ʿ˵ǼΪġ
겻˯ҲȻԾӵģָо۵Ǻٳ֡
¹̲⼸һֱڸС綫ܣʱʱ̶̿ˮ֮Уĵʵ̫ˣͶЩŲסˡ
׼صʮ꣬ټռĻ֪ʲô
ЩҲûкúþˣһֱ涫ܵġ
Ϊɽ˵ɡҡҡͷ·ɽڶ˵׾ٵһ㡣
ͻصǵʱַ˺͵Ȼûлڤ֮һҲûз˵ټ
Ҳû⣬˵ʵǿ˻ʵӣǶϴʿҲ
СԺЩɻ󣬵ڤֱ֮֮ҲûеõСԺϢ·˼һ㡣
룬ͻǻصԼĸۡ󷨴֮ͽ֮С
ʱѾǴˣʮǨƵ֮У֮е˲ٵ
Щ֮ȥʱһö֮УıһϸСơ
Ҳʵ飬ЩƵҩЧͨʮ
ץһͱ㿪ʼˣһʮɳ㹻һˡ
ʵ͵ΪͿˣȴһֱѹţȴٳٲ
ʵԽǿɽ֮ʱٵҲԽ֮ǰһֱѹΪʱδʱѾˣҲʼȫͻƶɽ֮ǰܹԼĻöͶ
һϰ֮;Լûдﵽޣץһ
žһ죬͵ĿͻȻԶˮ̶֮ϣһ߲ͤͤ
ħĲݵõħĲ֪ħĲΧħʥˮǴо綾֮;ͺٴħĲˣ⼸׽ħĲˡ
֪ڵܲܳסħʥˮľ綾Ϳ߲ɫҺ嵭Ц
ˮȷǶܲܶħʥˮһδ֪֮
ħʥˮĶԿǺħĲżĹģ֮еһħĲݿԼ˵ˣһħʥˮжôҲ֪
ҲǾˮˣ㵲ס
ָϷһ⣬̯ħʥˮ֮С
ͣת˲䣬͵ƶʧˣ
ֲĶ˲ͽ͵ƸʴͼæѹⶾҺħʥˮʵ̫ˣ˳ֱѾ⣬֮ԻΪһ̡
ѹֻ֫һɽɫĻͻȻðⶾ˲ʧ
գͿԼֻʣ°صֱεҡҡͷһѪ͵ۿɼٶȸԭһյĹһֱ۾Ѿˡ
ħĲȻѾ޴ˣѾժȡˡ͵һЦ
ħĲֻҪͿ˵ħĲȫǱҶѵõı뵽ոһĻ˰ɣʵûȡһ㹻ˣһЩӦÿƳһĻˡ


825 С֮еĽ
Ʒһ;ͽˣһҲΪ׼ġ
ʿôų̂أȻħĲѾˣ̨ʲˡ
֮еǣûеĻ֮еĵ̻٣Ӧ򵽣ǵĵ̶ҲĻôҲֻԵһˣĿǰʵ׬ȡһԵ㻹Ǻܼ򵥵飿
ȫĵͶ뵽֮У֮еһٶţ͵޵׶һ㣬۽ȥյȫգ֮ǽǧȫ֮ȻԼûеＫޡ
;֮УǿֲȫӶ͵ͷγһ޴С
Գһ磬֮ôĻǶҪˡ
֮еŨڱ;ۼһ˸оЩѾɹһ㣬֮ڵ֮ҲͶˡ
͵ͬ޵׶֮˶Ȼ޷
˼飬ǲ˼飬Сܹôôʮʿű˰ˮ߲˼ĿȻڴ͡
˫йˡüͷ
ͬһ·ǰҲû߹ûܹһͬͬʱ۷ġ
ͬ޵Ѷʵ̫ˣ֮Щĸڼ˰ǧûЧ֮׷׷ˡ
֮˫޵ʿ٣ǶɽϵʿֻҪӵ츳Ļ϶˫ޡ
ʿĳһƿ޷ͻ֮ʱŻ뵽һͬʱ۷кܴġ
ɵͷӵ˱ͬʿΪǿ壬ԽǿܹɵȻҲԽࡣ
ɵΪԽǿָҲԽҲżΪԵĴٽá
Ѿǻ೸ǻ֡
ܹʮͬʿĿֲͬĪĹ
֮дûʿܹһͳΪ˵һ
֪ˣѹһֱԼɽѺԭǴ⣡ˮоʢ͵ĴҲеЩ˼顣
׼ʲô»Щɻ󣬲׺ˮڽЩʲô
ɽ٣׼ɵΪͻƣ٣֮һδ٣ǰδںһֹһδĻᣬС׼ٵȫˮ߸̾һ
֮ǰ뷨ʵʩϾ廹δܹס١
СʺɫҺ͵һǿͲŸҽˮ֮֮нƽĲɹǿȴﵽĿǰΪֹܴﵽ۷״̬һٻ١
ûС͵ʺɫҺ壬ƻͲܳɹһһģ⡣
һµ͵ֵһɽʿʮǰһһ£֮еʼ֧ǵһγݽߵٶȶµٶˡ
һ֮ͣ˫۾񣺡ˣ
׼ɽˣ¾ϲĿ͡
ɽ٣ʵ̫ˡ̾˿
˫ٵӣٵǴǿߵٶ磬ʱ֮бȻķעɲҪġ
ɽǱģǾԲɽ٣͵ĴһС磬ûЩûߵС磬һͶɽ֮ʱӰŻᱻ͡
뽫̨Ķȫ׼ˣ֮Ҳ֮⣬ȫˣǼҲĲҲԵһˣóŰƷҩܻٵԵˣʱ䶼ˡ
ڳ˯꣬Ϊ˺ܴľ룬Ҳڰˣɽٻһ·ҪߣһζɽҲ׼ָһЩնɽ٣һ⻯ͨ͵˷ˡ
ߣ뿪飬Ӱһ˿ռ֮С
ʮ֮ͳһС֮С
С磬һ߶ڵС磬һС֮˶ȻСȴ쳣ĳ棬Сľ쳣ĳ٣ʹһҲûκε⣬ٵٶ꣬൱һʿԪˡ
ѡСɽ٣˵ʲˣ
ϣϵϢʱͷų
¡ոջת˲죬С綼˺ڰ֮У
ٽ֮ǰǰװˣȻСѣپǶɽǿҲҪûҷģͲ龳磬λ˿ֲ١
мƣɣ͵ƶʱǿ֣Ȼ֮еĽƶѹȥҲǿŰǧɸߵ˻洦ɼ
С֮е￴־֮ܲǲǵĻ绮ȫĩվ
ͽɽٵصѡںϾǲϣΪԼɽٸС˴õӰ죬ı߶ɽ٣࣡
ٽ㻨˰µʱ䣬ɿ˻Сˣ֮мһ˿Ĺ
֮ҲڵԼװȡҪ۷״̬ӭ١
һµĺܴӮ˹ȻǽԴϲʵıǾҪκһζɽ١
ˣǿ¾ٲˣõĻþֻת߻֮ϣʵⲻ˵ˡ
ʹǰǿٵʱ̲סЩǡ
¡˰£һˣ
ֱӼ˾׻ʽСֵһס
Ϊǿ󣬶ΪС͵İ΢΢ģװ˷ѻС״һСҲǴкôġ
ľ׻ʽѾ鱦ıԵˣ۵һЩ鱦ҪɫҪһ׶С˵ǲѴ֮
һһڵ׾ͱ׻ʽˣ
¡¡
ƺǱŭˣһס
СȻ壬׻ʽһֶģ˲ʮ׻ʽɵɷ׸ո¾ͱʮ֮еʱ׻ʽˡ
һʮ׶С׽С׵ʵֵҲԽԽѣȵ˵ʮһ׵ʱѾ˼ޡ
˫һ㣬һѽСµ˲䣬һץֱӽһˣһǿߵ͵оͬһһ㡣
ϴ󣬾СһԻš
͵һЦ׹ȻǴĺöһʱˬģ


826 
ڷµһһֲȴû赲ȫЩֱϣ̶ȵ壬ֻɲ࣬Ϳ᲻˷һ˿һ
Լʱ֮͹Ѿ룬ٵÿһͻᷭһһ׸ӵٱǰһ׵Ŀֲ
һ٣Щһ׵ӵǿ
ȣڵԪͻȻתǿϢֱ
¡һƮһεĽƸͲҪֱӺһںһ
СӶɽǴںϣһôûǵһμˮЦĿſڲںϵĽơ
Ƶںϣ֮дѹˣͶЩɫ䣬ƵԶԶֹһһڶô򵥣ǳʼαģٵ֮ǰʮˣҲ¶һ˿֮ɫȫ޸ղŵ⡣
𣡡ͻȻ˻ֻ࣬ͺһâ˲ںһ׻ںϣں֮ĲﾹȻף
ƻǿһʱöɽٵѶ
ɣ޾壡һĳһֱӱС
ţüͷ΢壬һڵﾹȻַȻ޷ѹסף
ˣ͵ͺһڵתţ΢΢Žסһף˲Ϣ֮䣬һ׾ͱ
Ȼȵһ׽ǿ˲٣˷ܡ
һװˣǴЧȴʤ֮ǰǼ׵ܺͣԼһֱûʲôԽһ׳
ЧȻЧͿ֮һںϽƾǿһһ㡣
䣡
һףҲд˫ֽĳʮƣɫӡֱӿסףһΣ֮ǳһ㣬Ȼعʱ׶Ѿ
׽һһʹʱͲҶþ׻ʽ
˵׶ھ׻ʽ˵ҲǴ֮ڵľ׻ʽƷǿЩ׿·ǵκεĺô˵׻ʽĸ͵òʧˡ
ʵϲǾ׻ʽϵɻ꽣ħ޷סЩףҲֻдɽ
˵ʲôҲһ뿪ģһʱը˭֪һᱬըֶɽٵĹؼʱ̣Բһ˿һĲ
ʵڶɽ֮ǰû׼ǲ֣׼ҪԼһ˵ںٽ
ٻκηģҲôһ˰ɡ
һһͣѾΪ˫¾ͶЩˡ
֪ٵѾǽȣǻҪ彫ЩٵȫѾʵˡ
ȻеϧȴҲֻҡҡͷ
飡һͷϣһͷʱС֮һһץһ˲ͱʣһҲûйͱ͸ˡ
һȥ͵ԽǿڵٵĴ֮Ȼһ뿪ʼתΪ֮
ǲ˵ʹǶɽʿ֮ѾǺ˲ˣʿڶɽʿ֮ҲھԵǿߡ
δɽڵѾһתΪ֮ζʲôʹͷųһСҲһ֮ģҪʿˡ
һζɽ죬һϽɫ͵ᴩʱµĶᵽɤˣ
ȴ¶һ˿΢Цϵ˼£һµķӡֱӽһڵϽӡ
һķӡһö֮ᵽĽģ֮ʱŪС⣬˵ûʲôǱַĽס˳ǽ⿪ķǱѵġ
һϽȷǿ󣬵ǻûе޷ֿĵزôֻΪܹһϽı
ͬʱȹ٣͵õĺôҲǾ޴ģ߳תǿ޷ݵĵز֮Ҳѷɫ
ȹ֮󣬿ֲ֮ͬˮһӿ͵壡
ã̫ˣ;ĿԼı仯
ɽ֮ʱõĺôֻһ֣ڵõĺôġ
ͶȹһʿҪǿʮõĺôҲͨʿʮڵһηǣǴʿڵҲᱻͳˡ
ԵĻ
ͺ۷ʱҲֻӵ֮ͨӵа֮
ڣͳΪǿߣֱӷ˰ٱ֮ͨĻǧ֮һȭһǿ߶ڻ¡
һϽ֮Ϊǿģе׵ΪĪҪ̰ģһһ㽫ͽӡõϽ֮С
оԼСǶǴ󲹣һϽ֮ҲԴﵽ۷ˡ
ͬͬʱȹ٣ȻֻǶɽٳڣʵȴǶɽ֮жġ
Ѿһ֮еǿˣɶˣ˵Ǵǿߣȴʤƴǿߡ
С֮гµɢСڿ˾Υ̫
һСҲǶˣɵ
Ͳ鿴˵״ûҲˣϾ
Щ˵ĵﴦһ©һ©һ㣬ĵﶼزסǰù
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һһй켣ʹһС磬Ҳûа취ıС硣
ˣʵǿҲûа취ǻǵȥᣬȻʵ
ҲСķһ׾͵ľˣĳԣ̶ȷ˽һʹҲܹӳЩͨ˵ˣҲΪСһЩɡ
ͽϵ鴦֮ʹ磡
籡͸մӿռ֮߳ͿϿնƮŰ籡
ͲĿƮİ籣ʵ̫ˣ˭˾ȻǶΪ֮
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䲿ͷʿ䲿У䲿ſͿ˼ûмߣʵȷʵһһǿڣ
ͻȻĿͣ
һĿˣ


827 ֮
Сʦܣ˿;ȻͬĽ˳
Ҳһ㶣ӳ֮иûкκεĹǽСʦҲһͷ
СʦܻˣʦɥҲԽˡ΢곤һ΢΢˿
ʦ;ȵĿϿյİ籣䲿籣ʦһĴԺ֮ش
ʦˣͲǴƾһЩϢܹƶϳ׷ʲô£λڵӦþǵĴӺͶˣ֮ǰҲǴӵԼλʦֵĴ
ܹ쿴츳Ȼû˵ģ˵һֱΪ춼ﵽ˺־硣
˵ǳƵţҲʹȴڵΪǲո̤ڣ̤ڰ꣬Ѿȹ̣ʱпܽڡ
ʵͺܹ׾ٵĻˣȻ˵õ˵ĴĳǿͨĻ׾پпҪɷһֽˡ
ʤȻʤͶԼʵĵģһЩڵǿ߻пսҪҲһ£ڵϵʦ֣Ǿ޿ܣ
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ƽĶۣԼһšҲǵ䲿֮Ѱġ
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ڿ쵱ƺһʦһӵİˣȫǿϵ츳ϣܹ
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⡶ǧܽǵҪ˴͵ģʮԵŪǧֲܽεķ
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Сʦܣʦǰ˵Сʦܻʦֵ˱ͬЭΪ𡣡ͽʱãҲġ
͵˵ͷһΪʦΪɱʦ֮𲻹죬ΪʦӦġ
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һѪһ֮ܽ⣬ʹǴǿҲֻܰʱѹưˡ
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еľһţСʦܲ򵥰ѹʦ֮ǰ˵λʦֵ֮ΪصľСʦˡ
ӽºѦڶһֽģȻ֮ȥмＸﻹЩ׵ġ
;Ͳһˣ˸һЩԴһ֮ûʲôжˡ
ǵͲģ̫ܣ϶棬ǵҪһ涼ס
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ͿΧǰʿЩϻˣΣŭֻЩ˵һҲһ顣
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һЩ͵жԹʿǰԸˣ˵Եʿպɶˡ
Ϊ㲻϶⣬ƫƫݸ߹쳣ǵĳ϶Ҫӡ
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ǵͻ֮ɲ°ûǵôߵڰ׵ģһҪ㣬Ҳͬ㣬Ͳʾһ㡣
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ʦܡ㡭ʵ̫çײˣüͷ
һȻͽƿأ͵ɱ˰ĵӣš


828 ɱɱ
Цһǻ˭ʦϵң³
СʦܣǴ鷳ġüͷ˵
鷳ƾǸһЦ
ڷ֮ͺԹⰢˣͶȻҲûʲôøеģⰢ͵첻ԸҲԶݺԼǰͻɵⰢ֣ͻ֮ȴѰС
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ǰʦãΪ󣬻Ҫʦ𡣡ǿһĨЦݹ˵
ߣҺɵǰ䣬ǾȻֺûɱҵӣǿ벻̣һҵģµ˵ǡ
㵹еʦڵʱͶʦǹ鷳İɡѦںһ
žѦڵͻȻһɫӡ
ΪһӦе̬һƾǼԣһ֮ҿӡˣҴ˫ȣ
꼶ǿ˵һӡˣֻҪԸ⣬˲ʧ
ǰǲѦڶԪȥӡҪѦڡ
ǰһֱѹҲҪúá̡ܽһĵӣջһ
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ã˵ĺãǼԣҿ֪ô㰢һڵѹѹ˰
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Ҫ֪ͬһ䲿ĵ֮УǮ֮ϵ츳õġ
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һ츳ԶԶǮƵྐྵȻǮһΪǿߣ
һ˿ݣȻСô죬ôͱ뽫ϵˡ
Ǯƺ֮ĶԹԼҲƲá
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ȴǷˣ;ȻѹǮƣٶȾЩ𾪡
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˲ŵǣɵ˲ͣǳֵİ
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ɱһ˵ûκεӰ·ɱһֻһ㡣
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ҡҡͷ쳤Ҿ㹫˽ȰòҪҵ飬á
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ͲûлӦʵжֻ֤һ˲ͳ⡣
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쳤صĺһ˲Ϳ쳤ϵĵϸɵ˺ڣڣɵ˼ߵ衣
㲻ͬޣֻɵ޷֮ʱ㻹ġ쳤ҡҡͷ
쳤ϵʵǿǻûǿ͸ĵز
Ϊ˵ɱ˰֤˻Ҫֿұ֤һ֮ͻָ֮


829 ׷ɱ
ò˵ִ˵òѾǺܲˣϾ֮ɱˣǵڶʿɱ˰
֮ǰĹҲˣһ֮ǰͬ䲿֮ʸϵĳϣ׼ͻƣһͻƳɹĻһ񼶱ǿߡ
һȴͬɱһɱˡ
˵ⰢǾȡΪǵִߣ쳤ϻҪͿѺ
֪ӵǿʵ֮쳤ǲܽ䴦ģһھܻɱһ۷ʿĸҪĶ
ͺͰ֮ļֵֻҪɵһ۾ܿˡ
һοѺҲֻԵĴԲ˼͵
쳤ϣҲɵӣܹѰҲסĻûġ͵һЦ
ô֪쳤һľ㵡
ƾһ͸ʦǰ𣿡Цһ
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ǣô䲿֮оȻûֹ
Щ꼶ĳϻڼɵʵȥ֮꼶ĳ֮ʵǿĵ
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͸Ҫ˵ʲôͱ쳤ϸˣ֪ЩʲôͬʵԶͬʿʹ۷İҲͬСһ㣬пܻ㣬ȴ޷ɱ㡣
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ڽ֮һżΪļɣּܹɵĽ޿ɲࡣ
̿ͱǰʮ̿Ͷһݴ󽣣Ȼһ󽣾Ϊ˲ڵġ
Ѱ޷ƿ͵ķǲټһݴ󽣾Ϳ԰쵽
͵ɾֵĻͨȻ޷Ծʲô˺
ɾӣֻҪٶȹ죬ټӲҲᱻĥϡ
˵Ĳܹ˲Ϣ֮ڲʮΣƵҪƿ͵ƤҲʲô¡
Ҳᣡͷס˾׻ʽ
ᣡ˲ײ
ˣͣķ졣
ۿȥȫǲģײȴǲڶ
ĽΪ֣Ӧڿ֮˰ɣʿƽĿͣʹóµĲҲȻûʿκεĸı䡣
㻹֪һЩʲô͵ʱ
ǰ»㲻ʲôܵĻôĽѾˣ
ȿĻҲģʿ˵еĳһ䣬һУ
Цһȿ죡
־һһѾ˽һ
νʿ¶һ˿졣
û뵽ǣһ·֪һλãһ
Թۣǧֱĳи׽͸
ᣡһҪ̴ʿؿڵʱȻ˿̵Ҹ´ֱ̳͵۾
͵۾ûаǰǿ󣬱ԵŤͷ㿪һ
飡̿һ͵ĸЬһĨɫĵд͵Ƥ֮УȻֻǻһ㣬˵ȴ㹻ˡ
Ϊֶܹ˵𣿡ЦһȻ֪̿Ѿƽ˵Ĳ㣬ôӦ֪ԶѾ൱ǿĿԣҩЧ΢΢ġ
͸ո˵꣬;òԾ;Ȼ޷պˣ
ڿѾʯͷһӲ˰ɣʿ¶һĨЦݡ
ˣʹԼʵ̫ˡ


831 
ͽƽһͨĲ֮ͶԶôˡ
ܹ֮˲佫ľ綾Ҳôֶ֣ǼΪģЩҩҪô˸ҪôһЩǿУõСϵļ΢΢ġ
֮̿ͿĨľ綾ͲصĶһ綼ΪĽʬ
ֵֶΪⶾǽʬֶȫ嶼úͽʬһӲ޷ж
ͶԣʹΪĽʬҲֻܷסһҡ
ƽʿĻһʱͻԲںϾķ㹻Źһʱ䡣
ǰһȴһǵ˲ɣϻר䱸һѾݴ󽣣һĿյҲ̿͸Լĺˡ
˵˴ûлģҲ⣡̿ͺһһݴһᣬֱ͵Ĳӡ
㣬ǽʬĶδɢȥһ֮죬ڵĽӲܹ֮ܿ
ϣ䣬һݴ󽣿һֻϾȭͷ֮ϡ
ۣʹʹСԼڵұġ
һֱǽСӵȭͷһɼǵ˿ڣҲѹСӻ˴ķӦˡ
ԴҪĹӵһ²ûˣָж̲ס˷ۡ
ոһҲǲСЩصֶεĻһǾ޷һ֮ġ
̿üͷһ壬ϾԳȭͷδҲ̫ӲһɣȫһȻҲֻǽȭͷΪԽϾԳֱ۶жġ
СίĿԼһӵ֣ԹĿ͡
Ȱ£ҪթҲҪȵȽ˿˵εҡҡͷ
˵ģϴɲܷڰСЦĿͣ˿̷·Ѿ˵һ㡣
СӽгæҲ;һ֮µľ
֮еİֵȷǲ٣ܹ͵һȴֻСһ
ºͺˮʵϻСӲҪ߳һǽгȴ޲ǵʵ֮̿£ʹܹ͵һǸĴȴԲСⲢϣ顣
ƤּʹСȻҲͳõѡ
ʵСӵıҲûʧ
һ˵˵СӣȴҲ޹ʹСӵĻָûͻָĲˡ
ܹжĶһ̿ͣǻǧɷһ̱ˣ
ǿɷϾȻ۳ôֲɷ̿Ҳһ
Ҳѹһ̿ͻ˵ľȣǵ鱨ǾԲģ˿ּֽΪصǶ֪ɼ̿֯鱨Ƕôǿ
ϵɷȴ鱨֮ᵽĲһѾһһķˣͲһ֮ˡ
ǵ鱨ô׼ȷҲҪһʱȥ飬ȴʱ޿̶ڳɳģ֮նɱϵǧǧСʱ֪նɱ˶壬˵ǹȥ˰꣬ڵɷѾ֮ǰͬնˡ
͵һɷľѷšɷħ֡ڵѾһɷʴʬˡ
еľ׻ʽ죬Ҳþûһʽһսʿˣǰ̿ʸ
гһһ̿͵ȫͽٶǼʶģһи˲Ϣֳܷ֮ʤ
䣡
ۣһ̿ʱɣһһƬڡ
ռͨ̿ͲǾþɳȻǿסԼ塣
ոһѾ˷⽣âȴǴڿ֮ʱ˲ʧȻ˲ı
ڼļʵ̫ˣ̵ûжܵĿԡ
Ŀ֮Ļ壬͵ĽȻ죬̿͵ĽҲٶҲһơ
ǿ֮ûĿռͨһĻôֹԸҪǧ򱶣˷ʤ
ͺһৣһնââն˲Ѿû˿ռ֮С
˻̿͵һ
âֱӳֵĻֵһȴ˿ռ֮У֪ʱӺεس֣ⲻҪʵҪ̬ˡ
̿͵ȻޱȵļᶨЩռ֮еĽâ˿ûлңȻȫ䱸û˿и
ȻҺ֪Ǳ֯ʲôǾ֮ǰľ˵ġ͵̾˿
֪ͺá̿һ
ǲ˵Ҳа취֪͵һЦͻȻΧǺϳһ·ֱն
ϣ̿;𳤽ֻݴϺâֱǵס⣡
ͬһʱ䣬СӵĴҲ
󣬹̿һ˦һڵĲ潣ֱ˦˳
䣡Сӹʲôֱһȥ
̿СӵĶ֣Ҳ潣ҲǷһɫĲ潣ֱǱСҵȥ֪ȥˡ
ƾ⽣Ҫҵ̿ͿѾԼľ׻ʽȥ¶һ˿Цݡ
һĨЦͷһݣǻ͵ĵͼæˣ
ۣں˵ĹУһѪ͵ĸš
䣬㣬֮ڣضҪ̿͵ѸٵĿήȥ
䣬䣡¸̲סг
͵ɫҲޱȵأ֮û˵Ļô;Ϳȥһôˡ
䣬һħʿļΪ䣬ҪʩչһͱҪһʿΪ׼ͬʱҪõߵѪҺ
һ˵ļƷһЩǿ°ģû뵽̿;ȻôˬԼ׼ˣ
ǵصףһŵĵ֮Уһ˵ķֽȻ䣬⵾˵ϳ֡
֪ͣӺδϸֱӴ⵾˵ļ
ҼͻȻľʹһһͷԵڵϣ
ôˣͲҡҡͷ
꣬˼壬˴˻ܾ֮ĥһ˱ɡ
Ҫ⿪ֻʩԼ䡣
ʩԼΪ˼ƷҲζŸûлᣬҲֻʣһ취ˡ
һﵹĸɴ࣡ͽ̿ϵļ֮󣬾ʩչռλص֮С
ˣ֮С˶Էеľ
ʩչ䣬ԼΪֵۣʿЩʹ
ʲô˻ǿֵزȻƵʩչꣿһ΢һʿԴ˺ܾȡ
˶Դ̸ĺ˵ĸͲͬһ飡
ˣͲòͣȫڵһԿ


832 
֮ÿһʱͶָܵĥҪôǻգҪôҪôǱŶ̶ʱ;ѾЩܲˡ
һͨټӦ˵ǺŶԣܹ֮һͨԲൽȥ
ҲԼЩùǴһѣȻôҵıʹһɽٺڵʿҲҪء
֪ʩչȫǸ̿Լ⡣
ֻиʱ䣬һ涨ʱ޷ɱ͵ĻôȴĽǱҪӿֲĳͷ
͵ʵԶԶһ̿͵ԤϣɷǰԼȻʼʧء
һЩɷʿܹƾԼͬȼʿս̿ȻûôãҲ֪˿ֲɷͶսһʧؾѾǰˡ
ʧҲζ޷׼ȷжϣ͵Ŀ֮ʱǺġ
һֱǼѶԸģͳһ֮⻹һΪǿߣһǾǿ֮Ҳûжܹʤġ
еľݴ󽣹Ȼܹƿ͵ķҲƿѣҪЩɱȻǲġ
֮̿Ż˽ʬֻҪһʱ䣬ܿ͵ͷ­
ԸΥҲû뵽ϻһֻ˿ֲĺӡ
ֻһΣһΣҪɱ;ͺˡ
̿Ҳɱ֮չֳʵʱѾ֪Լ޷֮ڻɱ͵ģʱһͱˡ
ǿ̷ֲ˻пܷŹ޶
һ̿һͨʿĻӵôǿʵһʱ뵽ȥˡ
ɴ˿ɼ̿ͱǶôǿǿһ̿ܵûС
ʿ嶼һַĵһ𣬶ԷֻҪԸ˾͵ȡͬЧ
Ҳһƣ֮ڵǲ𻵵ģʩֻܲϵĥȴ޷Ūȵ֮⵾˲Żᱻ𣬵ʱҲ͵ڡ
ƽİ취٣ֻ֪һʩ߽⿪䣬ǶȡǸ˵ĵˣֻҪ˲ôͿԺûһ
һѾǲܵˣڵڶҲǺѡ
ԷȻôô⵾˱ȻһΪصĵطҪҵ⵾˾һΪѵˣοҪǸص֯϶
ͷһͷҲһڻ̻жȹգһһ
Ҳѹֵ쳤ϻ˵Ľˡȵִʹɢȥ֮Ͳųһ
ʵףʹཱུ͵С
ȻҲǽĵһˣһ죬ԽǵԽǿ⿿Ϊѹвͨġ
ͻصǵʱϢѾʼңѾʼЧˡ
λҿӡ÷ڣտѪ֣֮Ͳǵʱ򣬳ſһʿס͡
ࡣͿʿеӵһЦ
ѣĻƭƭ˻ԣ߻˰ɡ
ڷʱ֮ܳпûжͶҲ֮Ҳôš
ҲҲô˵ֻ֮֮ҵȺ˽һžѧ˰ˡҹ۵ӡѳֺɫǻհʿɫصĿ͡
գɫһ֪ⲼǲµĻĸ˵ģȷֻɻˡ
Ŷн̲֮סʵһһǿЦʡ
ѣѣѣѿĳˣǼΪǿ䣬Ҫǿɲһ򵥵顣ʿҡҡͷ
Ŷ䶼֪ҲЩȡ
գеӦˣ仹ǼΪģô껹ǵһˡʿʱȤ;ǿһһ㡣
Ⲽܹ䣬죬Ϳõӡ֤֮󣬺׾Ʋе䡣
㡭ͱʿĿ⿴Ļڡ
ܺãܺãӦ䲻ãʿϸĿ˿͵ġ
£ʦ̫š¿ɻ͵һЦ
͹ŹֵĿ£û˵仰ͱԼ֣δҲ̫Ǹһɡ
˵ʦ̫ţ̫ʱѾûĲ඼Ѿٳʿ֮С
̫û˵Ҳ޷ж˵滹Ǽ١
ѣΪ;Ŀ¡
µΪʱǿʱ˵ĸоڵʱϸһȴˣ޵ĸоͺ֡
ʳڵͬʱ;ʶãԷܹԼΪȻǶĳַԼôȻͻˡ
µЦЦֻһʵΪˣʦ˵ҵΪʵ̫ˣ˿ԼΪԼûкôԾ͸һԼΪһЩ˿ҵΪȻҲҶˡ
ͿЦһƺ˽նɣ˵ĸоǸոһ㡣
̸֮ӡ֤Լ뷨²֮꣬нֻǰʮ֮У㱻ʦشɽѧϰֱ֮űʦų
ҲʦΪǵܵµ֮Ϣ󷨣һЩʿ׼ΪһЩ֮֡
ܿ죬һʱһεĥˣ
Ҫֿң¿׼˹ֿڵ֮ʱɫһ䡣
µͻȻ͵ĺ󱳡
ͻȻͻЩܵģ˵Լʵģˮ̫ˣ䲻ľðһ䣬˭֪°ʲôģ
ǿ֮ȻǴ˵֮е䣡֤ʵе֮¾ȻϲĽ˳
ţ֮Ȼһ˿ֿǵµ֮У͵ǸϾȻһ˿׹⡣
ڻСӣܵ˵ʿüͷһ塣
ܹ֮赲֮ʿɲǿ䣬˵߱ʷֵܹʿҲָ
ԣǵֵգʿɫ䡣
;һ̹⼸ʱһֱ֮ĥڵϢѾʼˣǱôһŪͷ⼸ʱ֮ڻڵ֮ȻɢˣϢȶ


833 ˷
û뵽ûκΰ취侹Ȼô򵥵ı¸ˣ˵ֻʱԵĻ⣬Ҳ㹻˵ˡ
Ʒɾллݹˣ°ͻڵ̯֮˫֡
һ㶣ǺܿʹӴ֮óƷɾǹƽĽףҲʲô
²ҪĻô͵Ҫú½ӽΪʲô
ǲˣԺ컹ǻһɾ֮ĵ˵ͷ
±ʦɽʱˣҪΪ׬ȡһƷɾ
һ·¿֮ȷ׬˲ٵǮƣǾƷɾкܴĲ࣬ŶƷɾҲǱˮнˡ
г׻̲֮סʵ
Ҳѹͻˣʵ̫ĥˣǰǡö֮ЩȻҪһʣ½ΪƵĻϵɾѴѵģܹµҪ
䣬֮ҲڼΪǿ䣬Ҫ⿪ѣҡҡͷ
ǰһ½˵Ѱˣû˵ܣζл֮
ôң˵֪֮Ҳû㻯⣡¼æҡҡͷ
ʲôЦҪʦ֪ȻȾָĻ׬㹻ɾȥҲԻᱻʦ˼Ƥ
üͷһ壺֪֮ȴû⣿
ҳһƷɾһ⣬ֻܹ֮ҡ͵˵
ƷɾǰһһƷɾֵưһ֮Ҳֵˡ
µ˵ͷҪİ취һһʩ֮ȥ䣬⿴׵İ취ʵ취֮Ϊѵһǽ˶أû˵ĴڣԷͲܶʩ䣬ɱ
¶һ٣ǰ취˶֪Ҫȴһѣ
һǵ취أ
취ޱѹһҲ޷䵽㣬ΪѾˡ²˼ЦЦ
ʵ취ѣΨһǰ֪ѣΪ֪ѡ
ˣֶ翣͵ȥޱѹ
һƵʽѹ˵ķǽ赽һƣҲ㹻㻯ڵˡЦ
ʽǰһڣȥʵĶʲô
Ϊѹ˵ķʽ󲻱һЩ鱦Ҫ
ʽΪʵ彣Ǵģһʽ֮еˣʱȻǲӦġ
ҵķڵַ˵Ļһöұܸ֪ڡ½һö͡
͵˵ͷ»֮ıҲǼˣ֮лҪ鷳һöҲͷࡣ
ˡҪȥأ̲ס̾˿
ʹ֪ҪǸ֮УȴûκεҪ֮ڽһλҳѣѵδлĽ֮
ԷҪҲͻȻʹɢģΪġ
ڵڶ취Ҳûжϣġ
Сӣǿбɽ֪ð˷ûУǾһģɽһӵĿ͡
˷ʲôʱ˷ˣһ㶡
ɽ֮лõһö˻˴Ƶһ˷Ī˵ѹһ֮ˣѹһ֮ҲǴ´ģǸʲôʽ֪Ҫǿٱɽ˵
ҲǸܼӣõһ֮Ȼоûо֮Уǰ֪ĻʬεĶ˰ɡɽһɸֵӡ
ͽһȡ˳ûпʲôͬģҲһͨˡ
ùĿռ䡭͵һ֮еʱҲ̲סһ
ڲȻǬȻһռ͵ķ
ټ֣Ƶ˷׼Ϊ˵ģȴװױСӡɽֹ
ڲĿռǿģ֮ĶҪԼ䣬һͺһöӲԶˣҲ֪һöӵʲôıڲȻԴԴĲɽҲЩʵĿͣıôأ
˵Գһ磬һûκεԣûкҲûɽеĽһƬذˡ
ֻҪһЩ棬ŷ㣬Խǵ֮Խǿ󣬸ṩҲԽࡣɽĹҲǽһ
֮еػʵĵػƵķػ֮˲֪ٵ飬Щҹ֮ܲд붼Ǳʽգѹˡ
һöǽʽ͵ػںһͬʱӵ
СںϣҪ֪ʵֶܹһɵǶ϶ϲģ֮Խʽ͵ػֿΪû
ȻֲֻҪаҹ԰ֵסˡɽ˵
ͿʱҪһ£ҪϵԼôѶˡ
ӷ𣬴¾ͽҰɡһš
ˣôˣзڣһжˣʹϲ
ռΣ͵ͽһС֮С
ôߵô죿һֱڼ͵ڤҲһ㶡
ֻǿһᣬȻͶ֮С
£ڲҩе֮ľͽˡͰ
İɣû⣡µ˵ͷ
ֲεʿ˵ɽǾ֮͡
СҲ˷ܵĵ˵ͷһȭ˴֮ϣʱһѷѸаң⻹СӿԵˣ
̫ϡˡҡҡͷһӣʱ֮ڵ֮ͬˮһӿ˳֮С
ţ˵һ㣬Ҳˣȵˡĵ˵ͷ
֮˲֪ҩʱͬһڳ֮С
֮еļ仯ҲǼ򵥣ŪǱҪ÷Ҫˡ
ӷ𣡡һС֮УеľϵĿſһ޴ķһһɾ˵˲ԾľͶ䶥Ĥݡ
ڲ޳ܵţͿЩŷʿ˲ͱޱȵҲ̲ס̾˿


834 һ
ʶһɨһС֮бȻ˾ˡ
⻹һʼˣƶȶȻֻԽԽࡣ
֮УѾһֵĵطĲˣŪǧȥҲʲô⡣
ҲĵԸڲĿռ䲢ʲô⡣
ػʵĵػķ˵ػǧʱǿܹסĳ̶ȡ
Ǩƽ֮кڤڤ֮ͲԼ϶һӦþ翵ˡ
ôܣǵص֮УǸ˾Ȼʼࡣ
ܣôܣ侹Ȼڱһʿ˼Ŀһһ㸯Ĳˣǰٶȥ²죬˾ͽʧˣʱ͵֮Ҳɢ
˼ӳ֣ϾȻ˼ӳ֣һССĵϾȻ˼ӳ֣ʿֱһĻ
ܹӵ˼ӳֵһһ뢣ҲǿĴڡ
ͺεºܣʲôʲôʸ
˷һһ˷һʿ·뵽ʲôһ㣬æ˳ңת˲һƽĸ¥ǰ
ӷ𣡡ϴһdֽ⣬˲˳
շͽҲֻз֮˲ܰ쵽ˡ
¼ͽĪڷţһһ磬һһڴܼ˷֮ǿҲģʹƫһ粻繵ͨҲȻ֮
һĹշ˰ͽЩͽҹڳ֮ϵҲԽԽǿѾ޷䵽ˡ
һ֮ھۼˣһҲδܹ
֮еԽԽ࣬ܲҲԽԽǿ
һһΪǿпӵ˼ӳ֣ųϵ˶ֻһɲŻƽ̯ʿϡ
һռһ˵֮ѾǼΪˡ
͸Ǿһռеˣ˼ҲΣ
Ƴ̫򵥣ڶһƻõĸо
⻹ǽԼĥʿ֮ɫô˵Ĳһ
֪֮⣬жܹô̵ʱ֮ھۼ˼ӳֿ䣿
ֶγķ֮⣬Ҳڶ
ŶȻܹ˼ӳֿ䣬͵мֱ¡¥֮ŮӵһЦһЩ߹¥ʿ̲ספ㡣
²ףô̵ʱ֮ھۼ˶ˣѲ桭ʿ̲סָָ棬˼Զ룬ܹô̵ʱ֮ھۼԿǿˣڱ
ŮӵһЦʵ˲˽˽Ī˵ǵĵӣǵҲûʸ̯һ˿ˣλһϣ˼ӳֵʿɲô׾ġ
Σʲô쳣ľٶһͣŮվһ㱡ɴŴ⡣
ûʲôƺͲֹ֪Ĵڡһʿҡҡͷ
Ҳǣӳ궼͵ϵҲ٣ϵֹϵĿԼͣȴӷ֡ŮӺһ
ϼһԼһӡʹѻ֮ҲòκιֹϢ
ǾͲ飬㶫Ƕ鲻кãŮһһɱѾһʿֻҪʿҶ˵һ仰һʿ˲ͻһ¥֮Զʧ
ǣһ߾ȫɱ֮£ԼȫѾˮʪˣʹǴڵǿߣص˵ʱǾԼʵ̫Сˡ
찡죬ʵҲͼıֹⲻǱҪɱ㣬ԼŮһ
ֹʹɵʱԶڴɵ֮з˰Ŀⶼ˴ɵ֮ϣܹ˼ֹ֮١
οֹ֪ʿͲ࣬һȻҲƵǲңǺʹɵǰȾͲֵһˡ
Ǵ˴γֵĴ󲿷ֶεĴڣǿ߶ȥǵڵʿȻ֪ĺͱⲻʲô
ֹǱŪˣȴҲ˶ʬǶû
һöֹҲǲ֪٣
ʱţ
Ҵ֮Уͽһöȡų˿
꣬ʱⰡڽȫˡ
ͽóʱܹһǿߵ
ռٶʵֲ̫ˣʱ⣬˵ô̵ʱ֮ھͽռϣʵǷ˼
һϵһ֮Ѫͳ׹ˣһκ˶ܷ顣
ʱ任ȡһμΪ֮Ѫһô㶼׬ˡ
һ峤ɽʱ˵Ϊͣʹڹ涨ʱ֮ûнռȫҲϵ䣡
ɽٺڣ۷壡
İ֮䣬ΪҲͻͽٶ֮զࡣ
͹Ҳ˵Ĺ棬Դ˼֮ٶȾƽʱ
˵ķȲ󣬵͵Ļ󣬼ʹЩ΢Ҳ˲õġ
ռһͨҲ¯ĵز˵ھɻЩ룬Ҳ׼һǷܹƾһ֮ͨ뷲磡
ҲкóһʱûмԵˮˣµĶӦ㹻ǳΪʿģĻǶӦûš
ɽֱ֮Ӷ˿ռ֮Уֱӳ˷硣
ԼһϢԺ׵ľȷһλá
ˣһ𣬱һɾ档
Ǹ֮ˣȻͬ˵еһ㣡üͷһ壬ռһͨӵ˼¡
֮ȻӲ˺һСڡ
һ㹻ˣһϲһֱӴһѷ졣
žȻ崩ʱһѷͻȻպϡ
ͣѪӿ͵˫ֱǱ֮ˡ
ϴľʹҲֻ΢üͷһ컯֮˫һѪӿ˿ڴĹȻۿɼٶѸдѪڹ֮ϣһյĹ͵˫Ⱦͻָ°صƤϰصҪһЩ֮⣬ǿʲô
ͨ˸֮֮󣬽Ŀռ˵ʵɲˣֱһͽ˷֮У
ȿȣս뷲;Ͳһ᲻ҵؿţ


835 ˫
ǵŻζͲԼĹ磡
ҵĴһˣЩĿ¡
Ӧ֪Ϊʲô֮˶Ը뷲˰ɡҡҡͷ
ʿԱû·ģΪʵ̫ˣϰ֮ĻĪ˵ΪˣܹΪ˾Ѿǲˡ
˹˹δ֮ʱЩûʲôо
ǵȹٳ֮󣬷һ·ǵܲӦ
ͬĻȴͲͬĸܡ
һ˵ǷƮҡͷ֮һ֮еǿ߼ѡǿƿնȥ
ΨһϣؾѾûָǿƿһ·֮Ǳް취
һ챻Ϊĩգһ֮л񼶱ʿһʧĸɸɾ
ڵķෲֻ֮еƫ£ʧ˴ǿߣԪӤʿܱƵǾǿˡ
һ֮Ҳֻľһ徳ʿˣԽľԣҪȥǲܵģԼ岻ó£ӿͺ忪սˡ
һýľԽԽˣͿŰɽķ򵭵һЦһ꽨ľпܳΪͨ鷲Ҳ˵أȻҲҪǧԺˡ
ʶţԲﶼա
ȻܱȰ΢΢̾˿
ʶһɨʮоŸǺ徳ģһ֮Уʮ֮оŸʿĲ֮Եøԡ
һ֮ԪӤڻѾǾĸˣ֮и˼ҵͯӶδҪ
ͻһϼңǧʱڷ˵ʵ̫ˣǲɢļѾݷʮԼ̷һˡ
Χ˼ڸˮ֮˴ҩΧ˵һԾųΪߣҲܹ쵽ġ
˵ЩͺûκεĹϸˣǿǵȱźķϣЩ£οЩ˵Ǿ֮Ͱˡ
ص֮Ҳǰ˵ڣݵĵڻ֣֮Сѩؽڣ͵ĵãСѩ֮ҲԶһ֮еʦ˵в޻ʿ򣬵ȴԪӤڵʿ
ΨһЩϧǣСѩڰ֮ǰѾ
˵СѩԪ꣬ǲĻǲôġ
͵֪Сѩɼ˼ȣԪӤڵΪҲǻһǧͷѡ
Сѩ͵ĸоܸӣСѩͬһ㣬ִһЩŮ֮㺡
ڸϱͲôСѩȥЩϵ
߰ɣ˫ɵһεͽҪʼˣǵΪ˫ɵѣǾԲȱϯġƶ֮廳ͶһǼԪӤʿ̸
˫ɣǵҲ㰡һԪӤʿҲǸ̾һ
˫ɡϲ¶һĨЦݣ̤Ьٴȫѹ򰡣Եˮ벻ЩԪӤʿе˫ɻ˭
⼸ԪӤʿҲ׼ŴĺһڵӴݳǵ׼ֱӴͨˡ
֪֮ЩʿĿĵ֮󵭵һЦȻǻ֮ô֪˫ɵʲôطˡ
ǵĴͲһʱ˻֮Ͽա
ռһͨڸ·ȷʵû˵ģȴöˡ
ȻǰĵϷ˵ټ
ʱԵˮڱչΧҲ˴ʿĿӣЩ󷨶ԸʿԣܹԸͣ͸ͲЩ󷨵Ӱ졣
ڣǻڡ΢΢̾˿
˵ܹˣⷲʵ̫ˣ׻ھޱȵļѣҪڴ֮һϼѣ
ϳԵˮ֮⻹ˣ˽ԪӤڣԪӤڣԪӤڣһԪӤڴԲк͡
˫ɵܹҲô߸ˣԵˮȻǲܳк˵ģҲֻˡ
;ķ֮оȻĴڣҲǴ˵֮еʮǼΪѹܹ;ԪӤڴԲĵزҪǷĻʰ֮ڽ׺Ҳûпܰ
ȻҲǾŶʷǷ
ͿҲǲӣԵˮһյӵһףһЩʳڵģʲô
ˮԵ˽߶㲻ϺҲ㲻ϻûµҩĻҪ׻ǲܵġ
͸ˣλ֮ҲҲҪˣҵõ飬֮ȻӲ˶ɽڣҲΪ˸ĵر֮ˡ
ñط꣬ȻҪһϲ
ʹ͸˵󷨣һ߽˴֮С
ʥǰ˫ͽ֮ϲʹȵ
ʥڣɣ
һЩɰɡ
λܵ˫ɵ룿
һüĿüͷǻѹԼĻԶǿͣλ
ͰԵ˵ͷԵˮ̵ӻûʢ˵ĸоԵˮԼľйϵҲԲԼµ顣
ССᵤʿҲҲμ˫ͽ䣬ǵͽܵΪҪߣһССʥ̻ǴȥɡһʿֺĿ͡
ϵķʥ֮ˣԴӻĩ֮ʥĴģ˵ڣû˻ͺ徳ĸ֣ҲǱǿһЩˣҲ޷µĵزˡ
ʱʥ۷ʱڣ綼˵㡣
˵ЩҲָǰٹ⣬κһ֮ԴҲôһЩǧʥ֮Ҳǳһʿˣ˫ɵвģʥΧػͱȺ֮ˣ˭ʥزأ
һ裬ޱȵɬڣֻǺһھҲûСȤûС
㡭һССĽᵤʿǰȻ񣡡ʿŭ
üͷһ壬һҲ̫Ѳ˰ɣ
䣡һʶֱӺ˹ȥʱ綼徲ˡ
ͻû֣ϾԵˮͽ䣬ûҪѿֻʿ˯ȥ˶ѣʱʧȥһЩ䣬ȴ޹ؽҪ
һҿһ˫̥ʿ£һ𣬿ʼ̸۽˭Ϊ˫ɵĵӡ


836 ʿ
Դ˫˫Ϊʿ֮ٲȻΪһ֮ǿ֮ҪǶµĵӲ
յӵҪҲǼΪϸһȥҲӶѡ
ӣ⿴ƺѾǶˣҪ֪˫ɵҲѾһˣʹ˫Ҳ߸˰ˣһ˵ʵ̫ˡ
ÿǰʦĵûһҲаǧÿһ¼Ҳһˡ
ʣԣ˫ΪصֻҪˣôϾܳΪ˫ɵĵˡ
һغùϾʦĶһЩ֪֮ʲĻҲҵ˫ɵ
һؾͲùˣ˵ЩǰʦĵӰ֮оʮŸһ˸ͷ
ЩʿԱ˽ϵЦҲԽԽԣԵˮַܹʽͽҲǴˣʲΨһ׼ֻԲصĻʹ˳ҲֻһͷǣĵӲҪҲա
ЩԪӤʿΪԴ̸֮Ϳܣⲻ֪͵ΪԶʤǣʹԴַʽ̸ǰͺ˵ûʲô
ЩԪӤʿԼСžţЩǰʦʿ֮оЩԪӤʿˣӡ
ǻôͿҲ޿ɺǣΧơ
ԵˮΪʿһ֮ҲǿߣǰİǻǿǵԴĻôǱǿԼûһЩϹż֮УõͨطҲǲȻҲ̵ԪӤڵĵӡ
ԵˮһЩϹż֮ȥ磬ⲢζҲԣЩԪӤʿԵеͨطҲǺ۲Ҳ֪вͨģԼ˺͵ǰʦֻҪѡˣҲԪӤʿʱҲԽͨ͸¶һҲòˡ
ͽ仹ʱ䣬ҲϱĿˣûзֵ£ԪϣֱƮԵ֮С
ڷפյԵʣԵʮ߰ӣֻ϶һЩµĲɣУ˵ĸоһгɵʿ
ԵͻȻ۾˼ĿԪڵķ
ҲһԵΪ޷ڵġ
Եոһֻ֮ĸӦѣûзʲô
ѾóȵԵҲοĵ˵ͷȻȻĴ̤磬Ҳ֪ԼΪǶԻǴҲ֪Եʲôδ
ڿǸȷģѾǳͷˣ֪˽ĳɾͣضܹЦھȪ֮¡
Ԫص֮ƳһΧԪӤʿ
ʱѣε˵һ¾ûˡ
ǿɲҪǱ˫ɵϵĻ޶
˫ɵѾۼ˴ʿЩʿΪᵤȣҸ츳ڣвŶš
ԵˮѾڰʼ۲ЩӵУ΢֪ԪӤʿ˵Ҫ۲ǧ˻Ǻܼ򵥵顣
ڵһϼѵϵĻ׹൹ǲ⡣ͿһԪӤԲĵӵһЦ
Ҳ͸ô˵ˣ׹ɲʲô򵥵飬֮жŶһؿ֮ϣ˵ģ
Щӵ̵˵ȴ⣬ֻҪʿһ̣̾ͻԶһ׹࣬׹
ܿ죬ӽһҵʿͱɸѡֻʣһң̭ʿܲ˫ɵûнƾʲôͱ̭ˣ
н͵ıҪ
˫ɵΧĴһҪĻԳġ
ʵյЩԪӤʿҲûжٵĹϵֻԵȷ˭Ϊӵʱǰףضѣ˳Щ½Ӹùϵ
ûǼ˫ΪӵļʿͷԪӤʿ֮ҲһǿߣǸհ˫µʱùϵȵ˳ͷصʱ˭㰡
ܹþ֮мһ߾ʦµӣͷĵͳһöֱȺ֮һס
һҫ۵İ׹Щ׹еĵǰľһ䡣
þ
ͨͨһͨһҪʦʲôܿһʿЦ
ɱɱɱʦǰҲҪɱ
ҲǿģǶҪҵĽ£
֮ʱʱĴһЦЩȫ֮еľԻʧȥ˱ģĵΪʵһչ˳
֮Ҳֻܹѡ
ֵܹʿĻɴ˿ɼ⼸˵Իܹס֮еջܹסջôҲȥ
׹ɢҲֻ˻õվ˵ǰ档
ȴüͷһ壬֮ߵһλʿϾȻһĨаЦݡ
һĨаЦͷһݣ
һĨаЦ̫죬ڳʿ֮Ҳֻע⵽һ㡣
ʿüͷһʿ߲ư
ˣһҲ׼ҪֻǰһȦˮɢˮٻӰǰ
ǰڳʿæӭӣʿǿײβĴڣԪӤʿҪһҲǧѰ
ʿɫһ䣺Ϊʲô
ˮ㣬ջҶҪģȴ˿Ϊ֮ˮһһӣһˮͽʿ
͵ĵ˵ͷСҲ֮ǰǸСŮˣ÷ֱǷˡ
þܹǱڵЩЦԼΪԼʦɱģȻǲΪӣǰȴƽ쳣һҲ
ֻֿܣһ־ѾĵزΪ
һͶţܹĻôϾͲôˣֻҪžͻͻ׷
ڶֿܾ˸ûܵþӰ죡
ССʿܹסʿµĻþһͶš
ǰ֮ιȥʿȽϿף
ʲôˣˮһ
һ֮бΪ˫ɵĻʿҵصôûǱ㷢ˣҲգ˫ɵĺҲ͵ͷˣһʿ¶һĨЦݡ
ؿһŷӡͻȻ䣬Ϣ˲䱩ǣᵤԪӤ񣬺壬һֱڲͣ
֮⻹˶һʿһЦΪҲ˲䱩ǵ˺ڡ
ʿڳʿˮڶ̲סһ
ʿΪķ֮оȻһӳ徳ʿڳʿ˴֮У


837 ӷĵ
Ȼʿ֮ⷲˣ
һĶʿһһγˮҡ
ˮʿһ֮жǿߣʿǰȻͬһͷһ㣬û˿ķ
ǵǺˣˮʵĿˡ
Թ޳𣬸οһ֮иûлǵ徳ʿ
ǺûгԹǸʵ̫ˣһҪǴȥ
ˮһĴͷˣ˼Ȼܹ֪֣ȻҲ֮ˣҲܽ͵ͨΪʲôһ֮л徳ʿ
֮ǲܵģΨһĿԾǴ֮ġ
ҲЩɻͲ֪֮ǵʲôˣ֮дûԼڷ֮леܵܺãû˵ĸ֮С
ԷȻ׼ȷҵһ֮ȻѾ൱׼
һԺ֮вϵţǲ٣֪ϸĿһûаɡ
Ҫܵܣãûȥһʿ
ãҿĵܵȰСǽˣȻȥ׽ǸСӡһʿ˵ͷ
ЩǰףصԪӤʿʱƨҷţ˭뵽ףؾȻ⵵¡
ЩʿҲڰп࣬ôôù˫ɵյҲһˣΪʲôֵǾͳˣһα˵õʲôôˣܱܲסһء
ǻܣں徳ǿǰҲôҵģûʲôܵġ
ֻϣʿԩͷծҪŭתƵ
͵ȴڲͣתţܹ֪еõľֻһ֮еľֻдһ֮гȥˡ
ʮʿ磬ֻʮ֮һ˳ɹҲʿء
ͿͻܵķôҲԣֻΪʲô֮еЩҪ
˵˲٣ܹǿ󵽷һƺûУΨһпܵҲŵǸ֮еˣǸӦûʲô֪Լڷ֮леܵܺõġ
Ҫʿˣ̫Ѩôûû뵽˵Ļʹ˭
飡֮дһ죬ԵҲǱˡ
ʿͺʿ֮Ĳ༸ֲģǿͨʵԶͬ׵ʿпԽս֮ⷲԵˮȻû
ǡԵŭһոҪͱһʿһŲ
ǣҪ־͹ǸϸɣҪĶǵϸںǵĻֻҪϸ˾ͿˡʿһЦ
ŶҪʲôأһЦ
ˡʿҪ˵ϾͷӦ˼ĿŲ֪ʱǱͣʱѾǵĲ֮ϡ
ҺȤ֪ô֪֮ⷲеܵõġָ˱ĿĿʿ
ΪҪնɱ徳ʿǾֻ֮ͣҪԸ⣬ʿ˲ͻ
ͣʿ·Ǽһ㣬ͬĺ˳
磡
磡
ʿ𾪣ԵˮǾϲĴ羹Ȼֻصһ֮С
͵˵ͷİɣȻһˣһ֮оûκܹ˺ǡ
͵ĳŵڵҲȷ
·ɲôµģʿΪ˽ʿ뵽֮УѵĴۿɲСҲֻܽ徳ʿѣ鼶ʿҪѵĴۿ¾Ǳ˶޷ܵˣڸǿĶɽڴʿ붼Ҫˡ
˵ЩʿˣˣҲܹЩʿȥ
ܹԶɽڵΪ뷲磬˵㲻ͷһҲ֮ļ
ôܳһ֮Уһʿ˵ʼ
ôֵģ˼ƺŶԣǵܵ˭ָһ磬֪ҵܵһ֮Уϵɱʿŵȶˣ
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ҡҡͷˣǿ϶˵ġ
ʿҪ޳ˣǲǲ˵Ǳϵɱŵ˵
ѻȽϿݣһһʿͷ­֮ϣֱӽĻǳ˳
ԭˣԼĪһյĹ֮󣬳ʿĻҲ֪µȥ
һ»Ҫ֮ʱ˵Ƿ֮ʱͱãʹ˻Ȼ硣
һ˷磬֮ЩһֱڷһĴ˵һõϢ
ܿЩоͽһʱ֮ڷʿҲΪ˱ֱ˴֮С
˵ûڼ䷢˼ּʱ̴ڵġ
ڴڼ䲢ûбֳʲôܹӵϢҲͷ˶͵ļӣڲˡ
Ƿ֮еҲǼˣһһŲ׾ͽĿŵϡ
ļֵЩдɱһҲŹһοָ֤ͣϵĿ
һҲõ֤ʵڴֵʱȴԵޱȵ򶨣Ǽ֮ҲֻͽҪĿͲѡ
֪͵ʵѾǽȣЩԳ֣ɳ˭ûܹʤİա
ЩвŻѡǲ½ץ͵ĵܵã;ͷ
ӡ͵ʱ
ӵǴ󣬾ȻҲǳɹķ硣
ʥΪһ֮µĿܣӾҵҵΪǹôķϣЩеһ棬˳ˡ
ڷ֮ʱΪʥĻˣ鱨鲼磬Ҫ֪ͺ֮ܵĹϵѣҲ֪ͼΪ۰ãõв佻һԼ֪ôͶϣ
һ˵ҲŪˣȻǸޱͷʹĻƣƵǴ󣬲Ƿ磬֮л൱ںѪûȡ
Ҳ벻;Ȼܻص磬Һץ飬ǴһʱĻпܱǸóˡ
뵽Ҳǰ˿ڤڤ֮⻹Լ鸣죬Ȼܹ黯Ϊġ
һĻǺǲ롣
һͻύȥõõİȫ˭ܱ֤Щܹ֤õİȫأ


838 ½
ʿ֮͸ԵˮڶȹȥһڵĽƳ׽
ոջԪӤʿָĿϽ֮ɫ
͵ʵΪҪγһ֮еġ
ͷһ֮жʲôܣǷɹ˷·һǾͲ֪ˣһͶӦó֮ⷲС
Źȥ갡͵ΪȻ͵ֲֿĳ̶ȣɱʿȻͬɱһ㡣һԪӤʿ̾һ
ʿһ̾ϵɫҲùŹ
統棬Ͳôһʱ侹Ȼ˿ֲĳɳǻȥĻҲˣ
ͿͣԵĺһӺܿͽǰԪӤʿ˳ȥ
ļһһͣͽȻǸ㲻ˣҸΪҪǣͻˣԵˮԼʲôҪ
ʹѾǻʿһ֮۷ĴڣǶ͵ȴ˿ûм١
ͷ֮ʱ˵һģҲǼһ㡣
ͻˣһΪǿƵ̬ˣ徳ʿͬɱһɱˡ
ĻͻعһϾͻᴫһ硣
һǿ߽һ磬һʿ˵һϢ
Щˡ΢΢̾˿
Եҡҡͷ࣬Ҳֻڴıӻ֮²ܴﵽΣǴ硣
͵һЦһһ뿴ǣ˳һǵ
ͿеǸԵֻҡҡͷ
磬Һˮûֽȡ֮ģǾ֮ⷲоѾˡԵЩ͡
ͰһжΪ׼ˣȴ˲֪Ͻг߲εĻᣬȴȥȡԼöԲ͡
ǳϵǣȴЦŵ˵ͷҲãǴ֮ⷲҲá
գͺͲŲǿԵˮһ硣
һ֮ԵˮѾǶǿˣܹвǵ֮٣ⷲ練ǰȫ
֮ǰ徳ʿĳͬʱҲΪһǾӣ˵ȫҲǾ԰ȫģֻҪЩпϻһЩǲһЩ徳ʿһԺɨһ硣
徳磬Ҳʲôѵ飡ͳ̾˿ڡ
ֻнԵˮ˺徳ǵİȫбϣٲ´ʿ
ͬʱҲܹΪԵˮһ飡
һ·Ҫˮ֮⣬ΪҪľҪնⷲǣҡ
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ڷ֮ǰûһ֮кúù
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˻Ѫ壬ǻǲİһЦ
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䣡˦һ̫˲㸲ǰ֮ڵκζ̫˿֮»Ϊ˻ҽ
ǡͿԶĳһ㶡
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ħ֮ѪħֹΣÿһζʿᣬǿһĴڣ˻ҲΪҵõһħ֮Ѫ׾裬Էֵ֮ز
ΪԼҪ˻ʺõĶ࣬ӵһħ֮ѪպĳɾͱضǸ˻ʵġ
ҹۣħʷǿĴۣһѪҺļֵҪǰֹļħ֮ѪļֵߵĶࡣ
䣡ϲʱ򣬵µĻͻȻֿһ·
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жǿ֪һ㣬۷ΪͲ͵Ķ֡
ǿԼϵħ֮Ѫ֮־˲ʧˡСˣ˭뵽ǸʿתһͳΪ˶ɽʿءЦ
ӣǧ򲻸þǲӦôҵõ⣬͸ɣһĳ
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ħ֮Ѫħ֮ѪҸܵϲ
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顱˵ѸٷֱֿǱˣͽǺ
ռϷ磬ȴһҲЦ
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841 
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䣡֮ʹ˼֣ӿԽĿֲһЩ֮С
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ģһ鶼ôֲʵͰһǵǣʱѾڿʼڵһħ֮ѪˣһɹǺǲ룡


842 µ鱦
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һлԶԶûнƵֵزҪ׻ȥ֮һ鱦
˵ȥһҵ鱦ȷЩᣬΪԼͲκεԥ
òһ٣һĪȻס
ͻȻһִֻ˿ռ䣬ֱͷϣ
֮Ͷڿռ֮ӦѾǴﵽ¯ĵزһֽ֮УȻ䲻ĳתΪ֣ȫʩչ
֮ڲ֪˶ľ֮ͬˮһӿ͵֮ڣ
ӴŭһӳҪ֡
ȴǲܣȷʵǻûеһնֱ۵ĵز
֮һֱֻϽһȻƴӲһҲҪ֮ŵնɱ
ڷ˵У֮ŵ鱻͵Ĵץס֮Ȼûκεķֻ֮ĿԼڵһһߡ
䣡һҲƿ͵Ѫ⣬ûнֱն
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飡һһȭ͵ֱ֮ϡ
ʱ˹ѵһȭֱǽ͵ұ۴ϣ
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ͣҪӴŭ֮ŵһ룬βŭ
һոô෨ʱҪȫͽЩ뵽ȫĹ֮С
֮ŵĳɾԵֵϰټ鱦ˣЩ㹻ȫһˡ
֮ŵֹͨҲǼɵޱȣҪٱץһΣôǰ׷ˡ
Ͳһڲӿ֮ţʱӿٶԽ֮ǰֱǲͬն
֮онһֱУʱ䣬һͱˡ
ոһ󶷷͵Ҳһ޴ģ֮ĵĶǱĵĿɶԼڵ
һҲӸеޱ𾪵ģ;Ȼƾ֮ŶԺôã֮ۻֱǷ˼
׻ʽǲˣ΢΢̾˿
ĶԺþ׻ʽҲѾﵽ˼ޣǿȥĻܻþ׻ʽ飬ôǧͻһˣ
ѵһ죬һڵֱ֮ϣڵϷ졣
ĸһ鱦Ѿûʹˣȴòóˡ
ôĸںϵôˣʵ
ΪôںϵİһڤƳɵģĻҪںϿɲô򵥵ġϻ֮˷ۡ
Щϻ֮ھ;ĸںһҪںôͱıԼԣҲֻͨվĸ֮еϢһһĸı䡣
ҲˣҲĸˣѾϻ֮վ͵ԣѾܽϻ֮ˣΪʱȫǺɫġ
ͽϻ֮ھĸ֮У˵ϻ֮ռλãȴܷĸһںϾǻʱ䡣
˻ĸһûɵĸоһɺ⡣
ӾȻĸϸܵ˺һħ֮ѪͬϢ
ħ۵ķڶݵľ㵹󣬿һĸж̰
Ѿӵħ֮Ѫܹٵõһħ۵ķĻʵɻõʵķԾ
˷ܵĺ
֮󽵱ʹ֮žҲûʲôϵħ۷ȣ֮ʲôǡ
˦˦ֱֵ
ȷںˡѾɺɫϻ֮ĵ˵ͷ
ӾĸƳһѾӵ׼鱦ΨһǷȱıڲû顣
ϻ֮Ϊĸ飬ĸҲܷӳΪ鱦ˡ
֮ţҪ֣ӵĿռ䣬ҪСӼ
òüͷڴ֮ǰӿɴֿ˵ġ
òջû˵ʲôֻһķ֮ŵϢʱǣȻȫʢʱڻҪǿϼ֡
ӦǣòϢȴԽԽСҪ֮ŵȫ򿪣ͱҪڸոܴ˵Բһ£
𣡡һĸ֮һͷֱ֮š
ըһǼʱ䣬һ˾ĸ֮С
һ˦ĸͬһһɳ
ھĸȴûиκε˺ۣ
üӲĲʣӲϲĸѾ֮ˣⷨԽǿԽǻϲ


843 ת
ĸʱסӵұۡ
ڵĻ˳ӵұӵӵȫ
ڵĻ棬ֻһЦһץͽĸץС
˱Ͳ䣡Ӻһ͵һҪĸΪС
ȴĸȴ˿ԶԶ͹͵
Ҫںħ֮ѪӻҪǿϲ٣ҪĸӲȥȻǴ̡
Ȼץסĸһ˲䣬ӵ徹Ȼ˼ĿеľĸʱɿҲˡ
ҲǲĿڲͣӣûжþĸ֮еأôַӦ
ͻȻֵĽ
͸Ͳ֪ӷʲô飬ǳ㲡Ҫͻ֪ġ
ӳ״Ȼʹˮ˫һ飬潵١
Ӿ֡
֮ŵһΣ֮Щֱֲӵס档
ô£΢΢һ̣ƺɥʧ˵ѪˣҲ˿־塣
۽һ׻ʽնһס
飡ͻȻһӰӵǰסһ
Ȼò飬Ȼӵһ
ͺһ鵹סӽһҪ
Х£ͻһצ
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ʹﵽǧ֮Ŀֲǰʹ֮Ҳķɡ
һʱò龹Ȼ޷֮Щʲô
ҹˢٵɫ⣬һֵ֮ܵǲʱͱãҲֱӽ֮ӽ֮У׸ò֮֮ϵ
û֮Ϊṩͳûϻûκεв
ŻڲͣİҲ֣ոջǲһӣôĸ֮˵Ĳ
ף;ɵĿžĸԭһƬľĸϾȻһɫϸߣһϸ߻ڲͣƶš
ǡ
ħ֮ѪһĸȻܹڵħ֮Ѫȡ
ǰɲ֪ĸ
ħ֮ѪңңӾȻ
棬ûħ֮ѪӲһ۷ʿˣ͸ͲУʿһƶܽ
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㡭һ̣һȥֱӽӵ飬һֱӱͳ˳
ҹħ۵ѪҺһ֮͵֪һħ֮ѪˣȻħһǿ߰ҹ۵ѪҺ
ҹħۺսһ˰ҹħ۵ֱۣһħ֮Ѫ
ħΪεȿֲһѪҺεʿʵǣ
Ҳ֪ǺȻӵ伮֮е֪һħ֮ѪĴڣȻܹĶ˺ķѼĴ۽·硣
ĳ»ıɹˣһµʱ䳹һħ֮Ѫ󣬿˶һĶˡ
˵ǲ½͵ĵõĻҲδػע⵽½硣
һһĽжѭӦˬֻ˵ɻ
ĸܹħ֮ѪȡҲǳ͵Ԥϡ
ͻӶ֪ĸʱĸ֮ԼϢ
ıħһǿ߰ҹħۡ
ӳ׽һħ֮ѪĻĸʱ򻹲˵ıʵ̫ţֻǽħ֮ѪھΪԼ޵ˡ
һӵаҹħϢľĸµһħ֮ѪȻĸϿ£
һħ֮Ѫ˵ҹħ۵ϢΪϢǱܵжˡ
ûһħ֮ѪӸûѹƣʧȥħ֮ѪҲһͨ۷ʿû˵ѪͲ͵Ķ֡
鵹ǲϧˣҡҡͷһץòԽԽ޾µһ˲ɢ
һ֮ŵǲı¹ˣͽ֮Ӹ¡
ϵɻ꽣˵һ鱦ʵ̫ˣͻѸϧϵɻ꽣ȥѰһõ鱦֮úʡ
ʶ֮ŵֻҪʹõõܷ֮ӳҪԶԶ
£׼һ£Ұ㻻һ壡Ц
µ˵ͷϵɻ꽣ȷоԣܹһǿ鱦ҲǺġ
ƽʱ鱦Ǻתģ֮ŵѾɢˣѶȾҪͲˡ
ڵϲü֮󣬱֤ϵɻ꽣֮µ岻֮ܵ;ͽµϵɻ֮˳նºϵɻ꽣ϵ
ӡһµ֮֮С
ǺɽҲЩĽ
˭ɵأҲֻˡ
֮ŵɣĻܷ֮ӵҪиΪǿ
ȴǺԥĽ֮ŵɱˣΪľҪһռ䡣
ҪεȵľĲһܹ֮һʿԲࡣ
¶һҲǺΪҲǸм
֮磬ܹЩ֮мȡ޾Щø͵һЦ
ǿǵ֮ŻôĻͶ֮ġˡ
֮еԽԽ࣬ҪĵҲԽľˣȫ֮мȡĻô֮еŨȱȻ½͵ĸʹǳЩ΢½Ҳġ
ǰûа취֮һ鱦ô֮еͲˡ
֮֮һʱֲƺƵĳ֮š
ԼĪʱ֮󣬾ĸ֮ϵһɫϸʧˣһνɫѪҺ͵֮䡣
ħ֮ѪͿ֮еĽɫѪҺһ
ǿһѪҺﵽ˴˵֮еѪľ磬˵ƭˡ
Ͷħ֮ѪЩ˼ɵģϾһû˵Ķ
ʹӵĻ֪֮һЩħ֮Ѫ飬ǻ̫١


844 ҹ
Ҫͷһħ֮ѪҲǲܵ飬Ǵ˵֮еѪľҲ
ǿԼĻǧ궼δܴﵽ⴫˵֮еľ磬еһħ֮Ѫȴǿﵽ˵֮еľ硣
֣صĽһħ֮Ѫ֮ͲŽ֮УҲ⣬ص֮һҪúоһħ֮Ѫȷħ֮ѪʲôΣʱһħ֮ѪҲ١
ӵļ֮е֪Ϊ½Ѿ˵Ԫûиǧˡ
Ϊϵ⸡˿˵ǲϧѪˣε˴һʼͱˣע⸡ˮһա
һƬǳ׻ˣһѾԳƵһƬˡ
һս͵ҲĵļΪأڵϿʼϢ
һʱתۼţ͵Ĵʱ¥Եˮ˴󲽿˳ϵϢͽȥ֮ǰǿ
徳磬һǧʱԵˮ˫˫ﵽ˺徳磡
͵˵ͷȥ֮ǾҪɽˣа𣿡
ģǵļ鱦ֵٲ⣡ԵĵЦЦ
֮ⷲĪ˵鱦鱦ҲǼΪģʹԵˮҲûһ鱦
ͣɱʿ̫ˣܹô鱦ģͻľһıظϴˣϵ鱦ɲ٣ѡ˼Ʒʲ鱦Եˮ
Щ鱦ֵȻǲ⣬ʹպ֮л½磬ҲδԵˮĶ֡
Եˮһǰһ߳飬ǿɲǰ˫뷢֮ٵʼαǺпܻܲס
͸ǵĶ鱦ɽ֮ҲоգԵˮΪ˺ʿ
֮۳кô㹻ˡͽһָԵ洢ʮҵһͷӡģΪľԵ֮ⷲӵ㹻Դ
УöպҪĻһöǿƿҪȫĶࡣͽöָԵˮ
ʵöʲô⡣
ţһ֮д˵ĻǻȥҴġ
Ȼô˵ȴóԵôȥ硣
Ե˵ֻһͨߣû͵İĻһҲһᵤʿ
ȥ磬Ե룬ǵʵȥԱʵûУȥҲֻǳΪ͵ĸ
ΪֵܣԵԼһλľҪǼᶨĶࡣ
ǻһ鷲˵ʱ֪ԼʲʺʱȻǿ̤֮·ԵǸ˰ٱŬʰ˵ʱģ֮ʼնǵ׵ġ
ǼʹȻûз֮·
Ѿʶ۷ʸΪܵԵȻԼΪһ·ϵİʯ
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ʱգͳΪ֮е۷ڵĻǻžۣȻʱ
磬ǶļĨȥɡԵͻȻڡ
ʲôһĨȥԵĶˣѻҲ١
һҪԼ׵ܵܺö֣
ѾǵǸëͷСˣڵԵڵһǺεȵı֮ıҲԲࡣ
һ֪;ͶһΣա
ǡ
ֻǹļˣ޹ؽҪԵһЦ
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ҲͨеĹؽڣҲû뵽ԼĵܵþȻΪֵز
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СӣҪһ˵ȫɡˮʵ
͵˵ͷĺˮ߿ʿԵˮͲŷġ
ģȻỤȫˮߵ˵ͷ
˫һ˵Ŀ˲ô͡
ʹķԽԽ죬Ժ֮йļһһĸֳʧˡ
һ֮Ͳų˿¹ؼ飬Ҳ˿Ĵ⡣
һ֮ԵˮĿ֮£һη硣
ص磬͵һһͷǵĵ伮֮Уκйħ֮ѪϢ
ʹǵĵ伮֮Уħ֮ѪļҲǺ٣ֻ
һǿȷģÿһħ֮Ѫ֮ǿߵᡣ
ʵħ֮ѪֻҪǴﵽħεʿѪҺǱ
ܹõʵľѪĻ֮ЧȻеһħ֮ѪҲ˶١
ʵеħ֮Ѫʿ˾޴ı仯ֻΪеһѪҺħһǿ߰ҹ۵ľѪѪҺ֮ҪԶԶѪҺ
Щ伮֮УͻģĿڴ֮ϵľ磬ľ磬Ƕ־伮϶ûȷָҲֻģ֪ôһ㾳磬ǾǺ־ͲܹӴˡ
ӵ׼ĳ֣Ϊ׼ˡͿһżƤ֮ϵĵһЦ
Ϊ˵õһħ֮Ѫ˵ǷѾ˼㾡װױ͡
ⵤΪʮ컯̫ʱĵרѪҺ֮е
֮ҪҩǼΪѰҩƷ׶߽֮ϣлвٰ˽׵ҩⵤҩƷ׸Ǵﵽ˰Ʒ۷壬αƷҩ
ͺܻɣӵõħ֮Ѫǲⵤ֮ϵĵҩǲƳʮ컯ʹܹ֮αƷҩʦҲࡣ
ǡã;Ϊʦ֮еһλ
ΨһЩǵľαƷҩĳɹˣʹ֮ĳɹҲֻ߳ɶѡ
֮еʦ֪߳ɵĳɹʶĻԻһ
ҩƷԽߣƵĳɹʾԽͣƷҩĳɵĳɹʾͿΪˣƷҩһɵĳɹҲǷһ
߳ɵĳɹǰԥⲻŴ
ֵҩų֮жֲʣµĴҲڷ֮򵽡
ΨһЩ鷳
ҹ֦
ͿһζҩЩͷǻʵľŽҩһǾŽƷ
ͨľŽҩĻǻ˵ֻҪ໨һɾ򵽵ģļҵ׵Ҳûʲô⡣
һҹǻһ˵һ֦ˣҪѰ


845 
ͶҹҲ̫˽⣬Ϊ֮ı֮ǰ˵ġ
ҹ챻ΪǱڻһĽ֮С
һس˻峤֮κ˶ÿȨƼصĳϣһҲǱɡ
Աʿˣָοʿأ
κͼҹʿȫһĪĻʬ嶼¡
ʷϻһҲҹ֦⣬Щ֦ȫȻ䣬Żᱻó
Իһıô۶һ֦أ
ЩȻ֦Ҳ쳣֣϶Ϊѹᱦ۸ҲǸߵףеľȻһžƷɾġ
ͲɵԼ̫Ѩҹ֦ɲŪҹ֦ȴʮ컯زٵһζҩ
ͷĵ伮ʱһֵʼΧ
ǲģĺһ
ӱᣬһǰ͵ġʿͳһ̽
ʱӡ֮͸¶ȴ͵۾һĴʹ
дֵ˾һǿߣǱǿĽǿߣǲ֮мµĽ˵Ŀֲ˵ĽΪºǽ񻰽һˡ
óڤͽգգ۾ͻָҲһľ
˵Ľ֮ǿʹǴʿҲᱻ⽣ˣͽǸо۾ʹѡ
ѹ߻Сϣڤ΢΢̾˿
ͺ˵мĽ⣬ǿ˿ҲΣա
תˣûȤҡҡͷ
һǧټҪԼŮˣͲûôõȥ̸¡
ӣɲ㣬ȥҲȥȥҲȥϣӲҪǶ˺Ƥ˫áڤʱ
һЦ˺ƤǶҸˣ֮仹ʲô˵ģ
ִޱȵ䣬õµָ㣬֮Ļڵһ˵ѾǻΪһgˣһﻹҪ˼Լǰ˵档
һţҲΪ˸ˣ֮Ҳˡڤ͵
Ҫɱ㡣֮˵ֹ򶷣ҪɱĻûסң㱳ˣһ
Ϳɲ˵󻰣ʵҪ˲ɱǰһڵʿ£˾Ҫſ¶
ڤüͷһ壺ӣǺгȥһϵʦ򣡡
򣬲Ǳһ˸ɱ𣿡һ㶡
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˵ˣҪΪ챨Ļô뵽žһ˱֤İȫڤ˵
üͷȷǴ͸¶ŹŹ֣ʦ˻ʾȻûйʡ
ʱ˵ĺžҾͲȥˡһ仰ͷҲ뿪ˡ
ȥԷϳ͵ӻڴֵز˵ûʲôص˵ʵޱȵļɵˡ
ڤһû˵ʲôҲǻȥ˸ȥˡ
Ŷȥͼ棬СӵҲŮӵһЦû˶
ãʱȥһͼСӵΡŮЦЦ
һ켸ͼ֮жȹģͼܹ֮ĵĵ伮һ飬йڻҹļصľв١
ݵ伮صģҹǻ֮ǻĳλǰһС֮лô֮УӴ˾ͱΪ
һСȴûκ֪˻ǲһС硣
ȷѰҵһС磬С֮еȷǻϵΪ棬ȴǳһƬС֮ûκεĻ
ҹ켫Ϊأͨɷ·պɫĻȴǱһƬɺĹâʣлҹĵطԶǰ磬Ҳһֵ
ҹĴŵص㣬伮ȴûκεļأҲǣ彫ҹ쿴ıԼҪҪصֻܵĶλйء
˻ͷĵ伮ʱĺͻȻðһɺ⡣
͵ת
ǡվľȻһλŮӣͿȴһһʵâ¶
Ǳˣüͷһ塣
ڱĽ֮ȻܹվţڽϵΪҲǲˣʱնȻܳΪµĽ񻰡Ůûش𣬵ȴǱĬˡ
ŮӾǾһλòŮȴκε
Ůʵ̫ˣ·Ҫһ㡣
䣬ȷȣǰλŮӵıǾͽﲻı䣬仰˵Ϊۻ
ܹ䣬̶ܲձܾۼ˼ӳ֣ܲռ棬ŮӾһ˵ܲ
;ĿŮӣ˵ĵص㶨ͼ֮оǷֹŮɱ֣ϾصأŮӦòҲұ֤Ůӻ᲻ᷢ衣
ңŮӿһٴеӵһЦ
Ц͸оκεЦ⣬·ֻΪЦЦŮǷ񻹱С
֪٣Ůʳָû档
һϡʵشҲ֪ΨһϢ
֪ôģһΪҪɱŮһ⡣
ҡҡͷ
ܼ򵥣ΪһŮӲû˵ǿ͡
Ҳû׼ӻ˾һʱ
ŮҪ˵ĻôҲ˵ʲôͼĻôҲǰʡ
һɵˣɵ˲ܻþãʦ̫ˣԲŻô硣Ůӵ˵
Ůһ仰͵˵ͷɵ˲жѣ˵ûѣȴԸõĻ֮ϡ
ֹ˵𣿡Ůʵ
͵˵ͷŮһ֮ǰʵĻͻҡͷڷô伮֮ȴҲ֪֮е⡣
һ֮ж˲ٵ伮ʦֹϡŮϲ֪ʲôʱһҺССڵš
ǿֲĺ֮ػľܶʼ˫ȴûκε쳣
ҺǺθڣЦЦ
ֶͨʿմһζȫɱˣŮӵǰҹϡ


846 
ֹеڱڤ֮ϣÿһι
ǰŴνֹǿտǣֻڵʮεֹֹ
ֹժȡҲķʽֻҪʽԣڴֹ˲ֹͻḯá
ʽ֪
Ůӿͣʦ֪ժȡֹˣ֮Ψһһַ֪ˡ
ɫƶûʦȻӵܣ
Ѫ𣿡૵
ȻܴŮ͵Ŀһۡ
ħʿ޷ȷժȡֹѪ֮⣬벻ʲôķʽܹЩ֮еĶǿ߶ûκεİ취
ʲôİ취Ļ֮ǿߵֶʲô첻ģҲֻѪ
Ϳĳһ࣬ӦûʲôѪ
̫ʥǷ˵أŮӷ·ǿеɻ⿴ʵǽеɻ
̫ʥ壬˵һΪһ˵ˣ֮ͣд󲿷ʿΪ̫ʥҲֻǴ˵ˡ
ʵ̫ŵʱѾ̫ңԶˣңԶûжʿ˽̫ʱڵ飬̫ʱڵ˻ﵱɴ˵Ҳʲôϡ顣
ݴ˵̫ʥ̫ʱڵһ壬а٣ÿ̫ʥĳԱҲǴڵǿߣڸǿǾʼĴˣʻҪǿ
û뵽ԼʦȻ̫ʥˡ
벻̫ͨʥĪ˵ڣԶʱ伣ˣʿΪˣ벻ھȻ£ʵ̫˼ˡ
Ϊ˻ǸһΪʲôյأŮ¶һ˿Цݡ
˻ͱŮôһѣһµ뷨ͻȻԺ֮һ
ǰ˻ΪǿߣΪʲôҪյأ
˵ƣűȵ츳ĲûУ˻ͽ˼ȻҪѡЩɫģΪҪѡأ
˻̰ͼ˭ԶʥѪ
ҵ˻֮ʦͽҲûп٣˻ʾȻܲʣʱڳ˻֮еֻҪһ仰˭ڵ֮£
ûУ˻ʴʼնûг֡
֪üͷһ塣
֪˲࣬ǡһˡŮҡҡͷ
ûκεвҲ޷жϳŮڵʲô̬
һеĿʲôһ
Щ֮еأ߼֣ǾԲϢɢġ
׼Ϊʦ𱨳𣿡Ůӿһۡ
Ҫɱʦ˭ˣ̫ǿĻҲΪҡҡͷ
ŮӵһЦ֮оشΪʵ
ţ֮ǰҲҵʦ֣סˡ
Ůӵ˵ͷű磬ܵĽ̵ҲĶ࣬ȴóǲҪΪ챨𡣡
Ͷûиеֵģ֮֮˱ȱȽǣʹǵĵӣҲѡԼȨԶԶǿĳˣǷҲʲô˵顣
ǶԵʬȴܸȤӦ֪ΪʲôɡŮ¶һ˿֮ɫȻ˺ǿ
Ϲʥʬ壬Ƕô޴ջ󰡣ͿԶ϶ѪջҪһħ֮ѪҪö̫࣬ʱڵʥѪʶҪġ
ȻŮ˵Ϣ𺳵ˣǶŮӵľȴûзɣŮ˹ĨǵĸԼ˵һЩص飬ͿɲΪŮΪԼЩܸеµҪһߡ
ʲôĿģһ˵ɡ̾˿
ôסʦ񰡣ҲԣҲûжáŮԹԵĵ˵ͷ
ͿóŮӽǲҪ͵Ķ˵ǲݵˡ
֪ʬʲôطʵ
Ůӵ˵ͷһڶҵӡ
֮УŮһڱҺ
˻ʵ֮УŮӲһ䡣
εҡҡͷϹʥ壬Ϊʹõһʵ֮Уʹ֮ʬҲ˻ս˻ʵ֮С
ͺŮӵ̸һֱһ磬һʱ֮УͺŮƺȫ֮ǰĶԹ·һ̸ŹڵһС
˵̸ۣʵŮ˵һЩڵܸ͡
򣬾Ȼ˻һģ֮˻ʱһɱ˵죬ҽʬ
ֹϹʥʥݱ䣬Ҳʣ˱ڤ֮һˡ
ֹڲԳһ磬ʮ䣬˵ֻҪֹγһƬأĺõĻпܳΪһ硣
һ磬ıͻǵһ˵
һֹĳ̶ֳ˵һʵĶҪֹ߼Ķࡣ
ֹϹʥʥҲֻմȾϹʥľѪȻ䣬ҲֻϹʥ˲ֹ
ȻŮû˵˻ʵĿģͲҲµĳˣҪƻľˡ
Ҳ֪ŮӵݣȻ֮һػʵãϲͬŮһֱڰУһЩʲֵȫΪŮӴ͡
ֵʱŮҡҡͷ˵ֲǸƺŰˡ
Խ񣡡Ů˵
̫Ůǲ˵ֻܴ
һ̸ͿƵõ˺ܶϢǶŮӵǲ֪ôȴûиҪô
ȥʬ壿
ˣȻҲʶʶ˵֮Ϲʥǿ˻ʵҲġ
˻ʵ˵֮Уȴ޾֮еģڲ֪£;бҲܽ˻ʵ֮аɡ
Ǹˡֹһ䣬ͼһҹϢˡ
ϢȻ𺳣Ƕ˵ȴҲ𺳶ѣûʲôʵʵôϹʥ廹ֹܹӴģǺúðеĲΪҪġ
Ҷ˵ҲֶֻѣͻǷΪ
Ҳ֪ʬֹڡ뿪ͼʱʱ
ͿľضߺŮ˷ȷ黹죡
˵˷ּ٣Ϲʥ棬ֹ棬˻ҪõϹʥҲ桭
ͺǰӲͬѦڻǽ˵Ϲʥ˵ʱĸ̰Ϲʥ̰ȴǵһ̸ʶѣԵϹʥȻûκε졣
֮Ȼ׳ջ󣬿;ЦŲûϵ֮ļƻ޴ʩչ


847 ʯ
֪ʱͽ˼ȫεõҹϣ׳ջȻĶǳڶķôܾô׵ˡ
ͲΪһֺΪڴ֮ǰڤڵ׷ɱִ䣬Ļйˡ
ҲǽϣܳʲôĿģ̫ʥĳһ£ƾ̫ʥ̫ʱһλþ֮ʿ֮ˡ
˵ҹͱ˵壬˵ͱᵽӵе𣬵ɷ֮Ȼǲö˵˵֮л֮ڻӵм
ЩȻܱϵĽ۷׸ߣܹеһӵŻص
ӵһѾ˲ˣһ֮оȻӵ
˵ûκʿʶʿ𣬵ǿѨδһ֮пܲ
ͼ֮ʵҲʲôڻҹϢˣϷһ
κʿֻҪܹṩڻҹϢͿԵõƷҩһöṩҹ֦ĻͿԵõƷҩһö
һǶˡ
Ʒҩ˵ǾƷǿǾƷҩ֮а֮ڳֵľƷҩҲָ
Ʒҩĳɹʵ͵ļֱ˷ָʹ֮ΪɫʦܹѳɵʿҾѾǺ˲ˣһöƷҩҪĴʵ̫̫ˣھƷҩһֱмУǮ򲻵
ھƷҩ𺳣֮ﾹȻǴ˵֮еĻҹִ˵֮еֵͬư
ƽĶۣһҹ֦һöƷҩ֮ļֵȻǾƷҩʤһЩʿ²⼴ʹƷҩֱȥһҲܻҹ֦ˡ
֮±·һЩͻ彻õʿ֪Щ˽Լ֪Ϣӡ֮к󣬶õһƷҩ
Ʒҩ˵Ѿ㲻ʲôϡĶˣǽĻưƷҩĳɹҲǰ˳ɣҳʦ
ôúŪһЩʿҲԽ鹹һЩϢͼɻأôƭģЩͼƭʿȫǵִʿץȻܵطǴ֮йϼⲻ˵ˡ
̶һ֮䣬ͶԻҹ֪һء
ȴЩʿ֮е֪ҹڻ֮еȷҲϽκ˿ģضʱضĵص㣬廹ټ֮еʿһιۻҹ졣
ȻҲֻضʱŻᷢ飬һʱ䣬κοҹʿᱻֲĻճɻҽ
һʱ֮
ÿ꣬ټһЩڻϵʿǰιۻҹ졣
ͲǼ򵥵ĲιۣǾǸʲôЩṩ鱨ʿҲͲö֪ˡ
Կ϶ǣЩܵʿҲ׵۷ʿ
ͽЩ鱨Ժ֮һ飬Ҫǻҹͱڻ֮УҪҲҪ۳׵۷ࡣ
׹൹˵׵۷񻹲ԶأǸǧڰʱ⵹ǻпܣֻʱ䣬ܵõһ̣Ҫ۳׵۷໹һܵ顣
鶼һֹ˼֮пֵܳģ֮ʹǽϵ˼Ҳδػ۳׹ࡣ
⿿ǶԻһĸ򲻹ĻȻ޷۳׵۷ࡣ
Ͷһ̸еɻ󣬾Ȼܹ׵һĸֱ֮УȻȻľ۳׹ֶ࣬εޱȣ͸ұ֤ʾ޷һ
㱿Ȼû׵۷࣬׹ҲɻˣЦ
һ㶣԰ף
׵۷ûУѾ۳׹࣬ڵа׺ͽطͱںһ𣬴ʱ׹Ѿǵ׶ס
ǱȵĻ滹ҪǿףͳΪˡ
֮ʵûʲôǻҲע⵽С䡣
ͻֻԼǰ壬ֻҪݽӦûġ
ȥ˻壿ϵ鱨üͷ
鱨ֻҪ֪ǰķ¾ƶϳҪȥľǻˡ
꣬ĻҹҪˣѵСҲˣ૵
µõ͸ûܵ룬ǲȥ
Ҳû׼ôȥȻҪμôͱԼ׳׳ƣ㵽˻Ҳû˰㵱
ܿ죬֮жõĺڷկһҹ֮ͱγϢʱ硣
ڷկһɢɵĵˣǺһҲһͷʹ
ڷկȻһɢɵģȷһЩͨҪǴڵʿͲʮλ֮ǿһЩ塣
ҲǺڷկܹһ޼ɵĸڣǿʵǺĽΪһֻ۱һֻۣϾڷկʶಢڵıƴԪǶҪڷկˡ
Ǿǿ˵ĺڷկȻһҹ֮γˣȫկʿȻûһܹӳ
󲿷ʿϵڷկʱֻһƬսأʹȥһҹϲĻϵϢȻǼΪĺˣеʿǲСĴ˲ĽɫĻ磬˲ͻΪһ̡
ʿƣڷկϿһɫķᴩء
ʱҲֻڷկǵһʿ֮֡
ڷկ֮ȻҲдڵʿǶûࡣ
ĴʿûĴʿսͲһȼ֮ˡ
ڷկǸͰٹȻƵһطͿ֮жѻɽĲƻ
ڷկһǧ꣬ĲƸʵǾˣЩˡ
֮ŵΣͿһϢ¡
һܹȫߺڷկʿľ֮ţʵǿҲסĶӵ֮ͽ
֮žͲһˣ޾ֱӽЩʿƬ
һĴʿǶͣסʮʿסġ
׹Գһһʿ䣬ܹʮѣ
ڷկܹôþǶýˣЩǴȥǣϧҪͣƽױ˵ʯ
оӻĸоĺܲҲǺ˷ܣ֮ŵϵɻ꽣ֱͬһԪģɱʿǰ붼顣


848 ԭ
ڷկʿЩı֮Уʯɾ֮Ĳͨһ࣬ҩҩиĵرеͷϷ
һЩ׼ڷ֮йҩ⵹ʡȥͲٵ鷳
ɱڷկʿ֮ͼؽ;ǿʰˣÿһֳһΪǡ
һ׾ͻᱻһȵ֮ʱӦҲᴫˡ
ǰ·ϵʿʱѡ
·һ̣ɫĻ˲𣬷Բ֮ڽԻΪҽ
ðԵĻ桭
ں׻Եף
һ·ϲ֪˶ٺڰǵһĺڰֲ̿ѣԼΪһĿꡣ
ǺЩڰȻһҪɱ
ҲŵûԼ٣ǴҡڵЩƤӵ³֣ЩһһĽɽկ
ͿЩʿȻԸ⵱ʯҲʯԽĵλҲԽߡ
һЩ͹ע͵ʿҲǶһԹۿһѾ㲻սսǵɱЩڰ֮ûκһܹסɫס
ҿʲôȻ۳˷һʿͱһɫӰԼۻˡ
ûȷǷ࣬׻ںһķࡣԱߵʿ̾˿
۳ľˣܹͬʱ۳ַĸ֮е̳
Щʿ֪͵һʵҲһ׹ˣڽط׺аͬͬԴԽԿɳͬһ֮ϣ˸Ϳֻһ׹ࡣ
˼֮֮оȻĸ֡һ̤Ƶʿȫڽɫ֮е͵һЦ
ʿ𣿡һ̣һʿΪأȴľͱͷˡ
һֺףʥӦûϲֻġʿ
һʿһɫ֮Ͽһ֣ǻһеƣûҹ֦Ƴɣֻһұ޷ֺš
ʸ񡭡ʿ˾ģһһ˲͵ı
׼ͺ󱳷ֻһֻ֣һöƽ
ף;ȵĿеһöƣһöƾȻһ۷ף
ȻֻǺģȻǱͷˡ
ѣһ֮󣬻ĵһʿһЦ
͵˵ͷһ֮ĳضᵽ
岢͵ĶǸѾ͵ĵϸһˣǧҪСκһ鱨ǧĲãħ綼һ鱨硣
οһ·˸ߵĳ֣ҪͲ÷ʲô
Ϊһƣһ֮γ˴ССǿɽկһӽϰǿϡ
ͶԴҲֻƲƲ죬˫ֵѪѾ̫ˣǿûбϡ
ȻЩ˸ҵǿôҪñɱ׼
һٶǿɽկ֮ǵõ˲ٵ鱦Щ鱦ȫõľ֮ŵ࣬Ǵʧ
Ȼ˽ʸҲ׼Щǿ鷳ˡ
ͲҲζЩǿɱôǿֵʲôģЩˣһ·ҲвˣʱʱľͻðһʿҪ
ҲúǶǴʿҲһ
ܹЩ鷳ҲǴ˺ڵʿˣȻҲֻǷһֽŰˡ
͸ϵصʱڵıﶼѲˣԴҲΡ
еӸأ;;ֱ˻֮С
һȵϢޱȴĻϵϵĻ°빦
ֱʰȻĻѹֻ˿ֲĻϵͿĲҲǰ̾
ҲЩڻϵʿŸҽ˵أǻһˮʿĻʱʱ̿ЩϵĻһ㶼ֲˡ
룬ƻһʿ¿ԶĴ󺺣һеϢȻ޷
֮߳󣬵һƻ룬ֻȰԱѡ
Ҳû뵽֮Ҳܼƻһʿ
ƺǲ͵Ŀ⣬󺺿ֻͣĵ˵ͷûйĽ
ڻ֮УһЩʿڶһЩϵ
ϵ˳棬綼һģɵĻϵƷ϶ҪԶԶ硣
Ķڻ֮гɵʿЩϵڻʿ˵Ҳһʾ޴ĲƸ
Ҳ˼缫ΪĻϵ۸Ҳ̫üƷҩ͸ˡ
ǿĻϵһԶȻһӵ֦ľӰ
ҹ죡ͿԶһӰһ
ʱڣҹĻʢԲŻһӰһʿ͵
ʿǻһģһ֮ŮԾӶ࣬ԻǺܺġ
·衣ʿһЦ
͡Ц
뵽֮еʿûʲôԹģҲǽ룬Ȼ֮дɾʹˡ
ƺҹ˽⣿ʵ
²ţѾˡЦ
ԭˣСŵһΣкܶⶼǲ֪ģ֪ܷ֪
֮
ͿԶһӰΪ£
Ϊһҹ첻ҹˣҹ쿪ҪĻϵΪֲʹӵĻܲ⻹ֻǿʼһ֮ΧеĻϵᱻһҹߡ˵
˽⣬ԭΪ˵ʵġ
ϵôֻˣһ岻ôټ֮лϵɵʿ
ǸϵʿͲء
ҹǻϵһҹ͹ʿȥ֮һЩû۳׵۷ʿ֮ڷ׷۷࣬۳ʿǰٳ߸ͷһ
ջЩϵʿȻִ˲ƣˡ
ǰķѾ׵۷˴ɵľأһҲֻǿܷٽһ
ܹĶ۳׵۷ģʵΪǿ󣬼ʹͶеһλҲûа˵Ǳʤ
Ͼھ֮ϲһ󾳽أǵҲ״ڵĻôԶʿĶ֣ǵ͵һȽϺá
䣡ͻȻ䣬ΧĻϵͻȻһطۼ


849 
ʼˣ
ʼˣ
ʿ˷ܵĿǻҹ쿪װ
ҲЩҲֻлҹŻǵ˶
һ֮пĻϵ֮ԣ֮Ҳһһġ
ҹÿһοὫĻɢĻϵմϰĻ˶ݽߡ
ԴȴǸ֮£Ϊҹ쿪Իø
ĻݽȥѰˣô󣬵ĻǣֻҪһЩֽŽĻǨڻ˵㲻ʲô⡣
ô죿ҲЩ졣
Ҫ֮ã֮Щʿʱ򡣡͵
ܵĶǻĹ׼˶
ɵǣͺͷĶͻతš
ⶴ֮лϵǳ档ͿŶǽʵʵĻϵ
Ҳһˣ˵ڶ»ҹὫĻϵȫӶᣬҲ޷нסЩϵˡҡҡͷ
ͷһ̸֮Ͳ֪ҹ쾹Ȼ˵İԵȻ޷Щ
ǰǻ裬һزһ֮⣬ڱĵطɵòġһʿƼԼ̯λϵƷ
ͽӹСƿֻκͨͨҺ壬ǼʹǸСƿͶܸܵгĻϵ
񲢲ϡǻ֮гȴ൱ĺͿǻʿһۡ
һѻ񾭹Ҳδһλ裬ССƿ֮оȻΡ
Ҫ٣Ϳʿ
ֱѾʯˣһƷɾǶõİƷҩʿ˵
ʱҲ׬Ǯʱܹʿʵǿ֮ҽϵ
ʵǿһ˼ǲƴ֣ʵͲǳȵġ
ϵʿԻ֮ڵıҲһЩ˼ʿҲЩʿϵõһЩԼܹõõĶҩ֮ĽԿ
˵֮мΪϵһ壬ڹҩ
ģڵԴҲֻһЩ׿֮ţͨԱ˵õԴ֮⣬ĶҪԼȡ
ƺе˰ɡüͷһ塣
ǰ۸ѾˣҪƷɾλǲܵģһζʿ˵
ʿͻЩԥǰһ˽ʱŴһɽ֮ģ۸Ĳٵˡ
͵˵ͷ֪ȷѵãԼܹѾԼˡ
һŻ𱬵ϵʿ֮һ֮ᷭͽһϢ쳣񱩵ĵҩƿ֮еݸһʿ
ʿ˫ֲĽӹ𱬵·һҩᱬһ㡣
𱬵Ʒ½׵ҩܹ֮ϵʿʵ
ܹڶʱ֮ʵĵҩΪ˵ֻǰƷ½ףֵǺͰƷн׵ҩҲǺѷɫġ
ͺʿĽ׵ۼֵԵǻʿռһˡ
ͶֱҲνλļֵҪʲô˵ϡ
ʿλҲһƷɾļֵϣλ述ȾƷҩ
һʱȥǵϿģ⵹ʡҲٵĹ򡣡λҲЦ
ڵ֮ϵΪʦ֮ҲǾŵϺŵģһЩʦܹƷ֮ʤͣǾûʦܹڳɵʺͳϱȵù͡
յλ裬ҪƵľھƷҩ֮Ҳżľ񵤣Ʒ½׵ҩҪƵľʮ컯Ҫ߳һλѶҲһĴ
Ҫ볹ںǽ۷ף񵤱ز٣̾˿
֮ڣһؽɫСѾһɶߵĽɫ񣬽۷ҲѾȫɡ
۷ʵ̫ԵҲֻǽеһƻڰˣĽ۷ף͸ոھѾطյʣˡ
ʮ𶼲շοʮ֮Ľ۷أ
мƻҪ۷ڣǾôţʵ̫˷ˡ
ڵõħ֮Ѫ֮뷨͸Ϊˡ
֮ǰΪûаգǵʮ컯Ƴ֮ҲǴڵΪˣܹﵽ˵֮еĵѪľ磬Խ۷׵ʱͶһЩʹշĹ֮г⣬ѪܹԱġ
ͷˡ֮õܰ͵ĵҩ
ĵҩƷ̫߲ƣЧ̫
ܹ͵һʱ֮תΪʣʶڻ˵żߵ׺һʱ֮͵ӻ˺ҲΪеһ
ϾҪԽطֲֿĻ棬˭Ҳұ֤ڴ۷׵ʱжôֲ鷢ȴܰͻ۷׸˺
˵ƾ񵤵Ĳϣȴ׼ڱĶ
ƾ񵤵ĲǾĽݵĻôƳľ񵤵ĹЧӵǿ
ȻλԶԶģȻ֪ʢĻôҲװ׷ŹҪʮݾϵĻ衣
Ѿõ㣬Ҫýˣ͹ҪٽŹ
һξۣһƷɾȵģʱܹƷɾҪһٽ裬ʵֲ̫ˡ
ʹʹ˿ľһı⣬Ҳ֧
ǿľһ帶𣬿ȴǸ۵ȲϿľ壬۲Ҫȿľһǿ
ͳһͬ޵ǿ֮⣬һʦʦƸɲһССĿľܹġ
Ȼ׼Ҫߵˣôɴ͸ߵˡ
ৣһ޴Ļ֮˲ͳ˼֡
۰Ʒҩ
һ֮ϵдľҪСĶˣΪֶࡣ
нԻ踶壬ƷƷԿơ

ôĿȻ˵ƷҩƣΧ̯ʿ̲סŲһ㣬ҳӻᲨǡ
ܹƾƷҩʦ綼ָȫǱүүһţʿ⣿
Ҳǰëûг޻һʦ
ҲѹǻῴͣЩʦһǰ׷ԲԵģĲ񻰵һ֪Ǽٵġ


850 С
ʦòƫһձⲢΪЩʦʲãǽ˼֮ϣԼòҲ̫ں˵Ϊﵽһľ֮òͲ̫ĸıˣҲܲס֮ǰ̫ˣ֮Щʦǰ׺ӰͷģȻҲųǹΪ֮ξ͸һɷǵĸо
͵ͷùפյڵڿǶʮ꣬⿴ʵ̫ˡ
ǽһĻȴЩɵ˳ױˡ
Ʒн׵ҩƵ
ƷϽ׵ҩ޳׵
ƷϽס
Ʒнס
˵ĽһööƷҩһɻƳɵĳ̨֮ϡ
࣡һЩʿ̲סһڿˮ
ⳡʵ̫ˣʮְƷҩĳǰ
ǶϵʿȻҲ֪ЩҩԼжô޴ô
Щҩǰ涼жӦļ۸񣬲ɾģû衣
һöͨİƷ½׻ϵ鵤Ҫһλ裬΢ɫһľҪΣƷ½׵ҩ۸Ҳλ衣
Ʒн׵ҩļ۸͹ˣʮ
Ʒн׵ҩ͵ҲҪʮλ裬ߵҪʮλ衣
ڰƷϽ׵ҩǹˣ͵ҲҪٵΣҪһǧΡ
۸Ȼʿȴȴû˺󣬵ҩƷֻҪһΣ۸ȫһˡ
ƷϽ׵ҩҲһǧΣһƷɾһĻһöƷϽ׵ҩҲʮƷɾûгһöƷϽ׵ҩļֵޡ
͵ҪҲʵ֣ɾʹõĻңȻɾҪû
˭Ա˳ŵûϴ谡
ʿڰлʿûУǻдѴѵģֻҪϻ㹦򵽻ɽ֮һ£֮Ūǲġ
֮ڲΣһһƷɾҲƷɾѾǲˡ
Ƕ˵ʵǿۣһ¯ҩʱ䳤Ҳֻ֮ãóȥĻ۵ķѵҩ׬ƷɾǺɵġ
ܿлʿź鵤һжȷ͵ĵҩǻʵİƷҩ֮󣬹ҲԽԽࡣ
ЩʿĶǰƷ½׵ҩֻǹ˰Ʒн׵ҩ
ڰƷϽ׵ҩҲҪЩƷϽ׵ҩǵ۾ˣǹҲûõģһǧλǻò
ʮƷɾǻõóһǧλǻһˣ˭Աûûҹڻɽ֮谡ôҲֻл֮еЩϲпõóˡ
ҲûΪЩͨĻʿܹƷϽ׵ҩҲֻҪשˡ
ֻҪܹϲʿôĲԴˡ
͵ͷϷ
κһʦǿŷҩģõЧԶԶҪȷҩߵĶࡣ
һʼҲûָЩͨԱܹΪṩ㹻Ļ衣
֮лûô󣬵˾޴Ҳʲô˶óҪһٽĻҲֻлЩ߲õóˣһҪ߲һпõó
ͻȻΧ̯λΧȺһɧЩʿȻԶóһ·
üͷһ֪Ǵˡ
ϣǴˡһʿһĿһꡣ
ͼǵãʿһŰƷн׵ĳƵ
һöҩƵģʿ׳һŵҩ
˻ڳʿ뵹һ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôʿˣƷһöƷƵ
ôˡͿЦһ
ЩҩȫǱһſײСƿ֮еģҲбʾóʱҲûҪһ£һƷƵҲô䵽ʿС
ʱʿǻŵɫôˣ˭õһƷҩᵱɱġ
ôˡ峤Ҳһ㶡
ͻж˵ǣȴû뵽һ֡
ôˣǾζϲһƷҩ
ƷҩǰƷ֮еĵҩһƷҩЧֵʮǸƷҩ
֮ʦܹ࣬ƳƷҩʦǷëǣʹ֮ڹϯʦǸҩʿ֮ҲûƳһƷҩˡ
֪´ĳѾ˾ʹó͵ΪҪԶԶǶɽٺڣʦݾӲ𾴡
Īʦһϵ׼
壬͡͵˵
ͣʦ֮ôû˵һ峤϶һ飬ȷԼļ֮еȷûһʦĴڡ
ƾԷƷҩ峤Ҳòء
ʦǷʲôҩƣ峤ʵ
ֻҪевϣھƷн£Ȼơ͵˵ͷ
˺ôĿ峤뵽ȴûбֳ
Ʒ۷쵤峤ҲǴֱӽʮݲϺ͵˳
ʦиĵĹ涨Ƶҩĸߵͣṩʮݲϡ
ȫʧ㵹ùǵһξͳɹˣôʣµľŷݲϾ͹ʦˣҲʦеԭˣľޱǴ׬׬ޱ
͵˵ͷ쵤ǰƷ۷壬֮ҲƹΣȻòˡ
б淴ɵʿһŵϽһ˲ͳ֮С
ô֪峤ҲǴһ
쵤Ƶģ˵ĲᰡҪõƷ۷ķ쵤ˡҡҡͷ
ȡһݲϣֱӽЩҩһԵľ֮е׾Ȼȫʼ
ͣͣʲô㡭ĳϴ󾪡
˵ôǶһЩ˽ģӰ˵ƣҪܳҩĻǼˡ
ҡҡͷҲԤϵˣϾַͨʦкܴĲ࣬Ī˵˾һЩʦҲֻܿԾеǲᵽġ
ûе¯ʲô峤Ѿʼˡ
Ϊе㱾µģŸóʮݲƣڿ͸
ʮݷ쵤Ĳ϶Ի㲻ʲôҲһʾ޴ĲƸܾôװ˷ˡ
峤Ͻʣľŷݲ˻ȥҲֻƲƲ졣
ôջȥģҾҪô³Ϸһ䡣
ɲǼǧһŻ֮С
䣡ͻȻڣϷͻȻһɫĵ¯͸ĵ¯
ⲻǵ¯⡭峤ϾĿͻȻֵɫ¯ôˣǵһοʵ̫ˣ


851 ߼
ڽɫĻϷһ͸ɫ¯ڲͣתţʹЩۿʿܿɫ¯֮еҩҺڲϵںš
ˡҡַЩҩҺȻûڵһʱ𻵣ⲻò˵һ漣
漣˵ƽˡ
ѾĲˣѾԲ¯Ƴҩ
֮ʱֻҪõˡ֮еַͻԶ۳һ
һַȻ۳ʹ֮Ͷû˵ĸʦַ
ʣһյַΪϵġ
ʦ˵ҪҵһԼַϵ¯Ǻܲ׵顣
һõ¯Դ߳ɵʣܴҩƷʦܹɵƳƷƷҩ
ĳҲû֮ǰķŭʱҲǾ۾ĿſһڲںϵҩҺ
ǰƷ۷嵤ҩʹΪʦǰƣûҲҪʮʱпܽЩҩҺںϳɵ
ȻҲϵʱ䣬;ʲôĻҩҺںϻҪӳһһöƷ۷嵤ҩķǺ飬ǰ׼ʱĻһҲǺпܵġ
һöѾ˲ǧεķ쵤ǻҪµĹĻҲʵ̫ˣҲ̫֮Ǿַˡ
ʦƺֵҩҪͰܴ࣬ٶȡ
ȴ˵ͨġ
ˡͿɫ¯֮вϷҩҺһЦ
ոֻϤЩҩҺҩ԰ˣϾЩǻ֮óҩ֮ܺеҩǰ㣬ҩϻҪһȻѾˣȻҲˡ
еĵֿ֡
ÿ죬̫ˣ¯ըġ
ֻ·Ľɫһͣĺһɫĵ¯
ô͵Ļ棬ҩҺǷˣһЩһЩʿҡҡͷ
ĻǺҪģʲôʱҪʲôݲһһζͻҩҺܿͻΪ޷סָ¶սġ
һʱȥˡ
ʱȥˡ
ʱȥˡ
ɫ¯֮еҩҺǵûǰ㻯Ϊһѽ̿ǲϵںһȻַֻɫĵ¯֮ѾҩҺ
ѵһ¯ĿŵҩΧ۵ʿԺ֮ͻȻĵ뷨
ôܣʦܹ֤һ¯ҩܳɾѾǺܲˣƳˡ
֮ɫ¯֮ĿŵҩȻ͡
ʿҲһ˷ܣۿҩҩҺ͵Ļɲ˭еģЩʦҲֻƾоˣҪۿ붼Ҫ顣
Ŀƺе㾪ˡеķһ١
žɫ¯֮жʱͱŵҩֻʣһŵҩڲͣתš
ŵҩΧ۵ʿ겻ѣǸĶһ
ƳĿŵҩĻôĲ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˡ
ž˫һֻɫƶʱɫ¯¯֮ϡ
䣡ɫĻ˲佫ɫĵ¯ɣһö۴Сĵҩ͵ϡ
ˣȻˣ峤ҲһĴ㵡
һʼڼʶǽҵַ֮һΪͲһѧƭӣԽǹ۲ԽǱ͵𺳡
ôĲȴӲĽƷ۷ķ쵤˳ʱҪȻڵϯʦҪ̣Ƕ̵Ķࡣ
ʹǻؽƸ룬үүһŵһλҩʦ쵤ҲҪµʱ䣬һһܹɹ֮ǰʮݲǿɹһݡ
һ쵤ͲǷֵġ
ҲһݶѣȻˣζʲôǰҪȹҩǸǿ̫ˡ
֮䣬峤Ѿϯʦ˷֮
һôʦȲǹҩʦǷʲôװ˷ôĲϡ
ƷͻȻʿ˳
ʲôƷ쵤峤ϲݵĴǰһöҩ
Ʒ쵤˺٣ǰһö쵤ζɫ֮϶ͨķ쵤Ҫ̫ˡ
ƷƷ쵤Ҷоˣ峤ϾȻϲĽ˳
ƷƷ쵤峤ҲûѰһöƷ쵤
ƲƲ죺ǷӦ֧ˣ
ϲ֮еĻ峤ŷӦԼʲôûиء
ǧλ衣ڱһ۸
˻۸˶һ
Ϊ̫ߣǼ۸̫ˣ۸ٸʮҲ˾ùƷҩмУʮļ۸ġ
аûȥľŷݲϸңʦĹزơ͵˵
û⣬û⣡峤춼Цˣһ˵׬ˣȥˡ
˵ǾŷݲˣǾʮݲԸ
ǧλէһǺܶ࣬ŪҲֻװƿˣҲһңһٽĿ껹Զء
ҲںŷݲϣϾ֮жУҩԶҪãʦĹذɲȥƻһƻص˶ûʲô³ġ
ʦʦһõƣֻҪ֮ڣ˶Ҫӣһƣ˼֮⣬ʦȫԳͨ衣ͬƣֻһڱһ֡
͵˵ͷлóˡ
ÿԺҪ鷳ʦĵطءóҡҡ֣ŵҩ˲뿪ˣȻҪȥκǸ˵Ķˡ
ֻЩ죬ǻĳˣôᱻ淴ɣǡһЩΪĻ棬ʮ
ʱƳһöƷ۷嵤ҩϢܿʹ˳ȥ
ûã峤ǰҪƵĵҩǷ쵤
ҲõҪʮֲϺǧλ֮;ÿ˷һ쵤ƷƷ
Щ峤ʧ֮Ҳֻεҡҡͷǿɶ֪ģõõһƷ쵤ƷҩƷҩ֮ҩЧֱͬնͬļ۸ȴֻŪһƷ쵤ǾԼЩ˭лǵһأһȻЩȨġ
һ峤ϿɲֱһƷ쵤ʱȴϵĵ˵ͷ
ʮļ۸ǲ򣿡;һ仰
ô򣡡۷ǵûһλϣ˵
ƷҩļֵƷʮʮҲֻһˣھǶٱͿ˫ˡ
Щ峤˵˵Ķǵĺ󱲣ȻкõĵҩΪʲôúõģڻ岻ȱȱˣôɽǣһȥˣҲҪٹġ


852 
쵤¹ǺԺǰ;ãǶʮļ۸Σܹ󱲵ǰ;Ҳˡ
ʮͶʮ峤ֱ˦˶ʮƿ
͸̾廹ǮóһƷ쵤ݸ
ʮĻôˣ
Χ۵ʿͻȻ׬Ǯƺô׬ˣжֱܹأ
ܿƷ쵤ϢҲ˳ȥһЩ֮ǰѾƷ쵤ĳһλͷͬǶʮļ۸񣬴͵Ʒ쵤
Ҷǻʿǿɲǵĺ󱲾ԼһȣƾʲôҵĺܹƷ쵤ԼҵĺֻƷֲȱôһ裬Ƕʮˡ
̶ʱ䣬ϵĻѾٽѾԭȵĹơ
ֻϵֻҪǻϵʿû˻ӶģȻô飬Ҳ
ô쵤֮ҲûʲôôҪģء
ԣͽ֮һЩòĵҩȫ˳Щҩڻ裬ֻҪûϵһͿˡ
ӵе˺٣ǻϵЩʿ˵ȴǲȱģܹʿһǻϵɵģóϵ͹ˡ
ϵ֮иǲȱһʱʿ̯λ϶һҩ
ͶЩ֮ûеĻϵҲرģһ㶼൱ߵļ۸۸ԶԶﱾļֵ
˵һֻһǧĵĻ;͸һöƷн׵ҩļ۸
Ļ˵ֻڵĻ֮вп֣ܳǱȽϧĻ˵Ҳֻһ߽ƷҩֵԶԶ޷һöƷн׵ĵҩȵġ
;Ǹˣ֮ͬĻȴûнܡ
Щʿ֪͵ϲ֮󣬱㾡һЩѰʿûмĻϵֵҪؼûУ˭ϣٵĴۻߵЧ档
֮ҲмʿҪͳͿҪƵĵҩֱ֮ӽʮݲӴ֮һ
ЩǰҪʿ֣ҪʲôҩƺǰѾƹˣ˻һΣ֮ڻûƹһ¯ҩ
ºҲʿ͵ַ˼εҩԶǵһںҩҺǾ޷
һŹֵĿ
ôƣʿǾ֮ɫ
ҪƵⵤҩƷߣǰƷ½׵ҩˡ
ݸ޷붯ڵʦΪ⼸˵һʦʲôҩƣűϣǿһΪѵӣóûϣˡ
ǲƣֻǡֹ
ϣʿһӾ˾
ֻʲôұضġʿеĿ͡
ӦǸʹõİɣֻⵤҩεĿЦһ
˭֪ʿϲǣȷǸҵʹõġ
¾ⵤҩҲҶǱжҡҡͷⵤ˻ȥ
ʲôЦǸŮõģһĵ²ǴŮɡ
ӦѪ龭Ѫʢٻ飬»ˡͿʿ
ʦֻҪݵҩжϳҪⵤҩʿʲôá
֮ǰѾʹǸĵ·õġ
ǸճŮӤõĻȻûʲô⣬ҪѾΪӵŮʹþͲʺˡ
ô죬ҺòĵûõĻҵˣʿ·𱻳еһ㡣
ε̾˿Ҳûа취һƷн׵ĻѪ˵ƷױȲҩЧҲǲԶȴʺµĵҩһƿ㹻ƽˡ
͹һĵӦڻеʱ˶С̥񼴽Ѫ㣬ʿҩ֮¡
лʿ֮һƿҩͷҲصķɱȥ
Ʒн׵ҩȻûаƷҩô󣬿Ҳ˭ƳģȥƵĻ˵Ѫˡ
ټ˽Ʒҩľ⼸͵һЦ
ز©û뵽һʦ費֪ʲôʱԱߡ
ȻͽţǺϲй䲻ͬһ붴Ϳʼֱų
ʦѾǴķзˣ֪ԭ;Ȼֱ¡
һʦʲôʱһ¡
ƵʲôʦֻǻἸˡǫЦЦ
֪ԼоͺãǾͿɣﶪۣ
⻰һΧʿɫһ䡣
Լô˵ǫ飬˿ô˵ĻǾˡ
˭ôĵӣȻһʦ
Ŵʦʿһ˾Ȼϯʦ
ҩһˣ۾һ˵֮ҩһΪû뵽ﾹȻ˹ҩˡ
ҩͻЩۼһ岻ͬ˷ɢ֮С
ַɢķʽɵʷȴ֤һּΪǵķ
֮ǿֻ𣬵ǹҩһȴǿĴ
ûĸܾһɫʦΪ˺־أԵҩ󶼲ϵġ
һûеƾ֤ʦҲԳʦЦˡЦһ
һȫʦɵˣӰȺ
üͷһ壺ǰɣ֪׼ôأ
طﲻĵط̬ȺǿӲ
һʿڻ֮˲Ᵽʿȴûһҳ˵һ֡
Ҫ֪ͿǻĹҵõ˻óϵƣλ磬ȴ˵Ͼϣû˸˵һ֡
ͬмۺءһе
ʼ򣺡ͬУ㲻ϰɡ
䣡һ仰ǵȼһҩͰ
һʦҲҩһΪԺıǵڻѾܲˣȻֱӳơ
ûбºҶָͣһһġ
һ˿ãȻ
һ֪ӣҲ˵Լʦ̲סЦ͵嶶ĸˡ
ʦ֮Ľ˫ͬĲͬһֵҩڹ涨ʱ˭Ƶĵҩþ˭ʤ˵
͸мĿ˷һۣ治֪һ顣
ʵʦᶷڶ֮ʦܹԼĲ㣬ڶ֮ͻơ
ҪĶȻҪһ


853 ˭˭
ҪԼһŵʿͱضҪ˺ݺݵĲڽµġ
Ͷ㲻ɣһЦ
û뵽ĸҺͲһûеõ֤ʦˣûжٵʵ
⼸˰һöƷ쵤֮ûмƹʲôҩ
͵Ϊʡ£ұΧָоҲôãоͳı֣һöƷ쵤ǿŪġ
֮ļƷ쵤Ҳֻ֮żȻƳļˡ
ϾĸʿûƷһأƳöΧĵҩҲǲܵ顣
ãǾͲҪˣб¾ƾƷҩʱҹ쿪֮ǰһ
͵˵ͷƷ;Ʒ֪ǾƷ֮еĺֵҩ
һ̣Ʒ½׵ҩ縴յ
ⴺ縴յǹֵҪɵңھƷҩ֮ǺܸߵˣҲǹһ֮бѹ׵ҩ
ʹǷ磬ܹڴ縴յʤҲֻе֮Ǽϵ˽ϼһˣǰëͷСҪʤ붼Ҫ롣
ⴺ縴յҲ˵ڡ֮Ҳⴺ縴յַҪָãһ縴յȫɢˣҲָָ֮ǿԺ͵Ѫ֮
ҲΪѪ֮Զⴺ縴յûжȤⴺ縴յļζҩ֮֮ûеģʱ֮һѰҲûһ־Ʒ½׵ҩ
Ҳǡ֮ûƹĵҩ֮һˡ
ڵ֮ϵΪûƹĵҩӴĦҲƳ
ֻƵʱޣҹ쿪Ҳֻжʮҵʱˣʱ֮ƳƷҩѶȲһĴ
Ȼҿڣôаʮ֮Ƴ縴յֻǲ֪׼úַʽơ
ʮʱⴺ縴յ²ɣͿ˹һۡ
˵ͷʳһٻ֤һʦʮʱҪȫ׵ĻȻ޷ɵģǵĳɵĻǰõġ
ৣͻȻʮƿ˿У⾧Өƿ֮иһҩҺ
ԭˡ˲еԵɡ
ȻӵķӡܹҩҺҩķַӡҲǵ;ûֱ¡
һƵҩǿʡȥٵ鷳˵ȴûжٵջ
֮Բᳬһµʱ䣬˵һµʱ仹ܹܵġ
ʮƿ֮еҩҺѾںһֻĳɵˡ
һҲѵһɵַ˳ɵļʺƷʡ
Ҳǹŵĸڣõ̵ڳɵַ֮Բκһˡ
ÿʮݵҩҺعҲܳɹһݣõĻɹҲʲôܵ顣
ΪҩҺֽ֮šָһʮƿҩҺȫɵ͵ǰ
ҲЦ⿴ƹƽľٶʵһʼͲƽҩҺǹƵģԶҩҺҩָƣʹҩҺ֮ʲôֽҲǾҪռƵĶࡣ
֮ͻû¹˭ʹûҲʦģʦ֮Ҳϵġ
ʹ֪һƽȻǽΪбʤϸġ
ѡʮƿ֮;˫ֱؿŹ
ʼɡ˹ȡ¯¯ƷʾȻһƷ鱦
ʦȻҲưͿһ¯뵽
ȴû˿Ľ¯һ֮õĵ¯ȴʺԼĵ¯ҲȥĽ˵ĵ¯ĵĻʲô¯Ū֡
һҩҺֱ֮УɫĻڣһɫĵ¯˲˿С
ۣɫ¯ֵ˲䣬¯֮ھʹһɽζ
һҩҺʧˣ
޴Լһ
ʹҩҺƵģҲ˿Ĵ⣬֮¾ݲó˿ʮҩҺ֮һҲɵ
𽫵¯յһ¶֮󣬲ŸҰҩҺУҲʱʱС졣
һεʧھ͵Ԥ֮УֽһҩҺС
һεҩҺҲǼһյĹһαϡ
̶̵ʱ֮;˷ҩҺһʼ˹ҩҺ
ԶԶûнһ֮֮ɫĵ¯֮һδ˽ζ
ʧˣȻ治ɫû˿ͣپͽķҩҺС
ʿΪԱˣƵģʧ֮붼ͿʼڶݵƣʧˣʱӦúúõһ̬˷ҩҺ
ҩҺֻʮݣȫ˷˻Ǿˡ
һɢʦȻǱȲϹʦһйƷ쵤Ļ峤ҡҡͷ
δأ㿴˿ûл֮ɫȻһԻĵġҡҡͷ
ۼʶʿ͸Ͳףʵʵ
͵̫죬ȴһּΪǻҲʲôŵ
ִʿŵҪôǺҪôǸö޷⣬ֿԻøںߡ
ܿ͵ĵķҩҺҲʧˣͬһһʱ
еʿֻע⵽͵ʧܣȴûע⵽ÿһʧܶǰһγ˺ܾá
ˡͿŵںҩһʱʱ㹻ҩҺҩˡ
ҲǹյģһҩҺͺԣͲ֪ⵤҩҪƣʹѾںϺ˵ҩҺҲǰ״
֪ⴺ縴յƷĻ㽫ʮҩҺ˷ҲδҩҺ֮еҩΡ
һݿʼʽˡһӣҩҺֽɫĵ¯֮С
žžž͵һĻɫĵ¯֮ϣɫ¯ҵĲţ¯ͣţųԭȵıҡ
漴еķɣ
䣡һҩҺⵤ¯֮ըγһƬ
ǰӡƿˡͺһ
ص㲻ǿ㣬˱ķӡ֮⾹ȻŪһӡôһӡžͨıҲ뽫ҩҺƳɵҩ
˼֮;ͽ⿪ӡ
ʧˣΧ۵ʿһ̾ϢǿһҩҺıըʧˡ
ǳϵǣЩըҩҺȻ¾ۺһֱγҩҺ


854 ݺݵش
ʶʿҲһ㶣֮ǰưƷ۷ķ쵤ʱڵ¯֮γҩҺȻǱţܹڵ¯֮ͬʱöҩĳͣɲһʦܹ쵽ġ
֮ǰûмʿ𺳣Ҳǵһοҩڵ¯֮оȻӵģһ뵽лĿõҩ͵ọ̈̄Ͳ˷
ֻɲ˭ܹӵеģʹ֮еʦҲûᡣ
飡Ҳһɽζĵһ¯ҩҲʧܶա
ûżһ¯ҩֵĶѣ漸¯ҩϷ
ţʲôĿ͵¯֮еҩҺ
ոȫ֮УԶըҩҺľٶҲ̫
ȻͬʱٿҩҺ·Цһ
ʦҲ˵ΪҩĵȼԽ֮ʱҪĵʶҲԽǿֲ
ǵΪȥƷƷĵҩôĪ˵ҩҺʮʮҲǴ´ġ
ƵǾƷ½׵Ĵ縴յҪĵʶԽһʦϿˡ
һöˣͬʱҩҺҪĵʶһŵıһɽٺڵʿʶܹ֧˾޴ġ
û׼ԼųģҪǰ϶顣
һԼ񣬹һο¯е񶼳֮УΧһжԶĹˡ
ȻСһ㣬ϵм¡Ϳ˹һۡ
֮ʱѵ״̬Ƶҩʱܽʧܵļʽ͡
ù֪ͬʱҩҺʱܷ۲Ļ϶ᱻҪôǿʶһ㰡
ò˵͵ʶȷҪԶԶͬʿǴʿܹ֮ʶ֮ϺһϸµҲָ֮ͻûзһ˵ʶ֮ϡ
ΪҩҺ֮еҩʧֻ̫ƳöҩģڶһͶࡣ
һֻֻɫƲĻɫ¯ÿһ𵴵¯֮еҩҺʵһ֡
͵ɫҲʼأϾǾƷ½׵ҩ˵ҲһսһûƹĵҩѾҪɵʱˣԲκε
飡һɫĻö縴յһһ£ҩ˳һɫ廬䣬ɢ֮ʱһ󻪹ֱʡ
ʧˡüͷһ塣
ĿŵҩҡҡͷҩˣȴǾƷ½׵Ĵ縴յǰƷ۷壬ǲȫĴ縴յҩЧֻд縴յʮ֮һˡ
ʱһζҲǹȥѣʱ;Ѿܹⴺ縴յƵز˵ʵǾˡ
˵ǿȹǿ˲ֹһΡЦеĿ͡
δأôҲǵ֮еʦʵСҲֻһ¯ѣڶ¯пܳɹġԱһλĳϷ
ӲϿ͵ȷǲռʲôƣϸոһݲϣѾʧˣֻʣݲϣʦĳɵʣ֮һݳɹѾǺܲˡ
һݻа˷ݲϣǿһĿȻ
ۣȻ䣬һ㡣
۾͵ſһķ¯һɫĻ֮ص˵ϡ
žһöԲĵҩȡ˳
ˣڶ¯ҩͳˣǻϯʦԵһλ峤ϹЦ
ԼеĴ縴յĵ˵ͷһζȻˣĸоᣬܹȴ˵ϸһ
촽·ǿһ͡
ͱʤ֮ͻˣбҲܷˡ
ͿŹеĵҩһЦͻȻóʣİ¯ҩȫΣҲǾ縴յ
⼸εĳ֮󣬶ⴺ縴յѾ߳ɵİգʣµҩҺ˵ȴ㹻ˡ
žһεҩҺ˫ֲͣ
֮͵ĵ¯ҩ¯ĿţĿŵҩһβֲȫĴ縴յǻʵľƷ½״縴յ
˻ʹһĵĻÿһ¯ƳĿ֮Ʒ½׵Ĵ縴յʱ򣬻̲סһ
һ¯ͰеƸŤתˣӾֵҪżˡ
Ȼһʱ֮ĵ¯ҩҲɹˣܹҲֻŴ縴յֻ͵һѡ
ΪԼĳɹϲʱ۾һƳȻǱѾĸСƿ
ܣףʱ
ôأ֮ǰһûУŹȥ찡ôͶôˡҲ͵
ҵȽԿ֤֮ʱûˣκֶΡվ˳
ʲôЦ¯͸£ʲôֶס
ڻÿ͵ǱԶԶҪߵĶ࣬ʱվܺʹùϵѩ̿ѵá
ܣҲš˳ɺĿͣ·Ҫȥһ㡣
㲻ſԿһΡҲվ˳
ãͿҾͲҵƤӵ㻹ס˵¯һƨ˵ϡĶͣȻҪһһ
ЦһȻôϲǲصĳĻԲ
飡ߵĸƿͻȻѣҩҺȻںһγһϸɫĵ¯֮С
Ǹʲô¯ҩһƣҲٶʲô塣
飡ҩҺڵ¯֮ըѣȻۣγʮС͵ҩҺ
ʮţȻһӿʮҩҺʶжôֲһ
Ծǣ֮ڣʮҩҺϵѹһ㲻ͣĴӵ¯֮ɢ
ʹҪץ͵ëѾ͸ĵ¯Ҳκεë
žž¯֮ͻȻ˱
ʧˣˣڹͬѾеҩҺͶȥˣֻҪʧܣôֻĿŴ縴յˣ߷ݲϣڵ״̬ҲûлᷴΪʤġ
ȥʱ˶ʯ֮С
ҩûдȴûȫѣűˡ
ôܣôܣͣ߶ţʵ޷Ż
ʱ򱨷϶¯ҩˣôֻܳмҩϵ
УǱ˼šͲüͷ
ʣʮĿŴ縴յȡ˳
ƷȻһƷġ͹ȵĽһ
ۣ仰ʱһѪ˳һһͷȥ
ǻóֿĻҪڵˡ


855 ֤
ˣͽһ¯ҩƳһ̣ͳˣĺܲҡ
ϯʦȻһĲûеõ֤ʦһǶòνء
˵߷ϣ˶ܿóʣµ¯ҩƳɹҲǾſŶѣ͵ʮ˿Զ
ͻƳһöƷ縴յʹֻôһҲʤġ
ƷҩʦܹƳƷģһǼֵǷʮϰٱ
ˣô䣡ոѹĹһԼˣһѪ˳ȥ
ڹͲû̫ǿ˫ʦķϣ͵ӿɲǴôˣŪпܡ
ţһġһö˲ʧ͵ǰ
ŲƷҲһ㶣ߵҲ̫˰ɣȻֱӶ˴ŲƷ
ʦһһҪұ𰡣ת֮䣬Ѿһߵǰš
ֻǰһ޴ĵ¯ÿһʱ߾ͻһ棬Ƶ¯¶ȣ̿˵⡣
¯ҿ޴ĵ¯ʮԲĵҩǸոƵĴ縴յ
Ʒ½׵ҩߵз·Ƴһ㣬ΨһЩľʮŴ縴յ֮вûƷĴڡ
ҲһݵĿߣܹƳƷҩʦ֮Ҳûмʦǡһ
˵ˣǰó縴յϣʵ
Ӳţʵ̫죬ַδżδһ¯ҩʦһʮţȻʧŵȴƳһƷ縴յǳ׵İˡ
һ¯縴յ֮ӵƷʱһֱ򶨵ڶˡ
ƷҩҲôƵģ¯ҩܹ֮һžѾǺܲˡ
Ҳˣǻ˱ʦǧ¯ҩҲδƳһ
ԶԶĶ֣ʶǺΪʦȿҲضˡ̾˿
ʦһӮģһԣᶨĿߡ
ҩһĴ棬޷սʤ͵Ļ񲻾ζҩһһĵλҪˣ
ǸһֻһడһĲٱడʸΪʦʸ
ҲգϹͷҲþûгȥ߶ˣ֮гŵҪȥˡߵһЦ
˵ﵽԼĿģǹȴһҲЦ
ʦΪԼģǿʦӵȥš
ܹʦбΪŵ֮ҲˣʹҲǱʦΪпɶѡǿͬϣûлߵ¡
֮츳±ʦֻҪǿһ΢΢̾˿
ܰɡʧɫ
ʦֿǹҩһΪܳţ峤Ƕ˵ʦĲϣΪģʦǶԲһǧʦ־ܳԽ
С󣬹ǰѴʦֵżģֻǿŴʦֵıӰúˡ
һ࣬ôܱȵϴʦأһ
ǰɣЩҲǺþûмˡߴһģһռͨʱ֡
˹֮ǰ͵ҩʿ͸ˣǻŪһǧƾ㹻ˡ
ֻϵﲻǧ֣ḻ֮ࡣ
ܹ׵ĴֵܹܵǲһЦ⣬ƺҲӵѱֵܡ
ֻ˵̫ˡͲΪ⣬˵һ治ʲô˲顣
ԡ壬һ㲻Ļôôǻȥˡ
˵úãˣҲֻܹСͽѧղһռͨͻȻϿա
ô£Ͽѵ˭Դģ;㵵Ŀһռͨ
һȺǷΪɭϵĵطôͨռͨ
ãô죬֪ͨ峤ҵȳȥӭӣÿ˵ԸһʿԼλǰӭӡ
ҩʦݹ٣һ±ҡùĿһռͨ
ˣǸСҲ˻ĳˡռ֮ͨ߳һ׷ͯյߣ߻վһԹߵĹ
˭ͣ߿˿·ۼһʿ
ָͽ
˳Źָҩʦ͡
Ũĵҩζϵ˾̾ҩʦ̾һ
ͬΪʦҩʦ͵ŵ˼ΪŨĵҩζζֻʦϲŻУҪΪǿʦŻζϾֵҩζұͻҪǿ֣ڹûʸ
ʦ㡭󾪣ҳӵģһͿˡ
ɣҩʦȻͬƣ
һôҩʦĿ࿴
͵һЦǰֵһᡣ
ҩʦܸܵһʦȻҲܸܵϵ裬ǾǳԼġ
ѵʦƺˣȻѻûо֤ôϷԾͰ֤ˡҩʦһЦһڵĵ֮ϳһöɫǡ
ҵ֤֮պߵδҵšҩʦЦ
ɫܣôܣźɫ¯֮һöɫǣʱľ
ɫǺʦһεɫˣȻֻһöȴҲ㹻˵ˣһոս뵤ʦȻ͵õʦĳƺţʦҲᳬ֮
֮гԱ֤һΪΣΪͨľǴɫĵ¯Ҳǵ֮ΪڶĳԱǴ֮С
ϸһľǺɫ¯ɫǣΪ൱Ĺ׵ģʦ֮ڶ֮ģɫ˿߻ǶԵĹ׶࣬Ϊö
߲ľǺɫ¯ɫǣҲǵ֮Ϊϲɲ֣ݹ˽⵽ģʦҩʦڣӵֵ¯ĲʮˣЩһһʦһ仰ͿǿΪЩӵһеĳνʦ
Ϊ羴ĴʦҲӵöɫǰˣ;Ȼ˲ͳԽ˴ʦ֡
СպĳɾͲÿ̾һƾⵤ֤еὫͷΪϱǻĴҲκεĵ
һӵöɫ֤ʦöǧʿֽһʣһӵнɫ֤ʦжôǿĺǿ߶пְܳɡ


856 ʦ
Ҳû뵽ҩʦôһݴ񣬿˵˵ʦݣ֮ҪעҪﵤĺ
һʦŭɲô׳ܵģǵĻ֮гܹ֮⣬Ŀ¶Ҫġ
㵤Ҫ㵤ҩĹӦ˵׾ٵģ֮еʦҪӵĺһȻ֯ƿ֮оųϵʦ
֮еʦ޲Խ뵤Ϊ٣ʹֻǳΪ֮ʦҲԡ
õ֤ʦ࣬˵ȴǼ࣬Щûеõ֤ʦڵ֮жǰ˵Ľɫ
˿߸ϵʦȥʦһܷѽ顣
ǶЩʦ˵֮õ顣
˵ڵˣȴҲȥΣԷһЩ伮ɱԼһĥҪˣһﵽ˵ҪôǾͻᱻ֤Ϊͨʦ
֮һ仰ӰɲһĴ
ѾһʦҴעĻָ
ͽ¯лǰ
ʱӭ㡣ҩʦЦЦŹ˻帹أȻ߶
ϲʦ»֮ΪʦЦ
һˡҡҡͷ
ɲʼʦҲмӣݾ֮ЩϹҲҪֺ㡣Ц
ʦĳƺû⣬ôһ˵ƺĺô
ԺȱʲôҩĻֻҪųһ仰ʿѰҡ˵˫ۻĶеǸ¯
ôҪһ¯ѣҪҾ͸ɡͰѵ¯͵˹ǰ
һ飬¯ʲôΣյĶһ㣬ܵԶͣ
㲻ҪңĹؿɲġδĿ͡
õ֤ͬʦڵ֮еĴҲǲͬġ
ǰҲֹһЩʦɱͬţȡǵĵ¯ȥȡȴǱ֮еʦƳ˵
Ҳܺõľ˵ĳԱһٸҲҪ͵ĵ¯
Ķͷ˾ˣʦһĴڣһ仰ܾˡ
ϣ˭뵽ڼǰЦһûо֤ʦŹ˼찡;ͳ֮ʦ֮һλ֪Ҫ߹˶ٱ
֮ǰҲԣ˲С˹ͲҪ˰ɡɴӺ͵Ǹ͵һ仰Լ֤Ǻɵ顣
Ҳû׼ƽϡ
һεĻҹ쿪ҪˡΧԽԽϡĻϵ΢΢̾˿
ǰе֮еʦƵģʦһݹȻ䵽͵ϣʦҩʦͲˡ
⻰廹кͺһӾе˼
ҹ꿪һΣ֮Щӻ֮ڸãǲƵĻһεĻ˷ˣҲֻǵ𵤡һᵽҡӾӲ
ڿǵһʦҲûʲô˵ģӦġ
𵤣ʲôƷĵҩʵ
ھƷ½׵Ʒн֮䣬Ѷȴ˿ھƷн׵ҩ˵
ѶȲھƷн׵ҩͺɵĿ˹һۡ
ƾƷн׵ҩвɡ
˵ͷ궼ǵ֮еϵʦƵģֻǴְˡ
֤ΪǼʦĸţЩŶǼģڵ֮ЩͨʦɵģֻǸ㲻ʱŻᾪЩǼʦ
𵤾ȻҪʦƣƵѶȿ²һĴڳνӴ֮Ҳûжٵİա
𵤻ʲôꣿͻȻ뵽⡣
ûʲôҲÿһЩҹ֦ѡⶫöˣҲͲںˡ
ʵ֦أʵ֦ȻҲƾʮ컯ЧȴҪۿˡ
ûпܵģ֦Ѿǻòˡҡҡͷ
ҹɱĺܣȥ۶һ֦⣬֦ҲǿҪΪƷ𵤵ϲŸģ֦ⶼС
òҪǻҹɣһ
Ȼ˵ʦôӣҲҪһˡ͵һЦ
ϾͲʲôܵĽףǶԷϵĻֻΪļ뻹ߡ
ûĶļ룬ȴó
Ȼ岻ϧķѴĲ֮ϵҹ쿪붯֮еǼʦ֣𵤶Ȼ쳣Ҫ壬Ȼˣ;̸۵ʱˡ
Ʒ𵤻޷ЩʿƷأƷأٲеĻͷһֶνƷͲֻڴ˵֮еļƷҩЩϲ᲻ġ
ƷҩҲĴ㣬ϾҲ̫һ㣬Ʒ㹻ˡ
˵͵ڻûмҹ쵽ʲôӵģʦݣҪȥҹӦûжˣϾпƷ𵤵Ҫͷˡ
ڻУҹɻϵ¶ȾǻҲ̤Уҵʿ˲ͻᱻֲ¶ȸճɻҽġס͡
ôһ㶣Ҫ֪Ŀɶǻϵɣ۳׵۷ĸְ¶ٸҲ˵ǰɡ
֮в˶ˣ˷쵤֪ʲôԵʣ̾˿
ѲҹԵʣһ㶡
ЩʿֻػҶҹĻˣǿĻ¾Ͳôˡ
Ҳǵ˵ͷЩ˶Ҫ÷쵤ѹˣ֪Ƕôˣ嶼ôοأ
ʮңҹͻὫΧĻϵȫɣǸʱǲл롣˵
ҩʦǰôпյһոջ˵ΣĻҹ죬ʱʿվ¡
ûˣҹ쳤ԽïʢˣҶ޷ֵ¶ˡҩʦһЦ
ʥЦЦһΣ𵤵ǰǵˡ
ûзҩʦ̾˿
ηΪηʥһЦ
Ҳգһξ½һʦƺˡ


857 
ʥһ㶣½һʦǵʲôʱʦˣ
֮ڣǸӿߺԵĻһ治֪֮оȻֳֵֵʦҩʦ΢΢һЦ
½һʦڻڶʿ֮УʥҲ¶һ˿档
ʦϡ٣ʿҲǰңȻ֮оһһʦδҲ̫һɡ
а𣿡ʥ̲סʵ
ضûģ˵ǻܵõ֮ϲҩʦ뵽ǶصЦ
ͽô˵͵Ǻ͵ȫͬģǺȴƫƫܹƳҩ
һҩʦ뿪Ҫ֤֮⣬ҪǶص
ҩʦʦѾһƿڣѾǧûκεˣǼϼһ࣬ƿʱһֺ͵ȫҩʦȻǲŹҲܳΪͻƿĹؼڡ
˵ԵΪ𣬵˭Ҳұ֤̫ʱʲôصַеǴ̫ʱģҩʦôġ
̫֮⣬ϹԵΪܹʤĳϹҩʦʵ벻ʲô
ʮ֮󣬻ΧĻϵѾˡ
ʿϰʿĴѾԴ󷨴򿪵һɲǣǱὫڵĻϵޱĹעҹ֮У֤ҹ˳
ϰϵǿ߱˺棬Щ˲۳׵۷ṩĻϵʿҪ١
ΪʦȻǲúЩʿһΪҹṩʱһƤڲϵ
ԻҹĹʵΪҪԭϣϰֻϵƶɵĵҩڻϵ̫࣬Ϣ̫ңں֮ʱһ⡣
ܹܺõĿƺںϣ𵤾ͳɹһ룬ʣµľǶԻĿˣҪĻۣʹͶĻرУҲҪϰٴεĳԣҲζһٻϰٴεʧܣͺܻɻ᲻ôĵԡ
Ҫ֪˻ҹĹʵ֮⣬ЩҲ쳣ҩ߽װ˽׵ҩȻǲ˵־Žҩһݷ𵤵ĲϾͼֵƣϰٷݵĲϾǻҲҪɡ
͵ĵǹȴںһƷ𵤵ʱ岻׼˴ĲϣҲٷݰɡ
ʹǵҲҪɳʮʦܽ
һֻһƣԼʦģһ֮ٷݷ𵤣ʦҩʦҲѰ쵽ɡ
͵õı֤֮ҲһʦֻҪܽʮŷ𵤾ǺϸˣϾһĳɵʶھƷҩ˵ѾǺܲˡ
ٷݲϽʮŵҩܹأ˵ʲô⡣ʹ˷İٶݣֻҪϤҲȻܹʣĲƳ㹻ĵҩԼյġԼϵ츳ͻǺĵġ
䣡ⵤʱ򣬻ҹǱͻȻһ죬һ׵۷ͨأ֮ǿ˿͵׹֮¡
һ𻹺ãһϰ𣬿ֲĻϵ·Ҫضڻһ㡣
𺳵һĻҲֻҹ쿪ʱܼˡ
˿ֲĻϵҹҲ̲
Ҫ֮ãǵϡ˵
һͿǵˣеʿ϶һɴ֮ƶɵİܹ˲䲹ڵ֧֮첻⡣͵
ڻҹĿޱȵӵģȻǺһС
ʱͷǲôļȥҹ쳤ʲôˣҪڻҹ¶ȹһʱ
ҹĹʵأúúַӡժһյĹ֮ڶḯãҪƳɵҩֻժµ˲ѸٿʼƣƵҩĵصҲֻѡڻҹԱߡ
ҲǻΨһһοʿӽҹĻᡣ
𵤵ĵ֮Ҳ˽𵤵ƹֻ̣ʣҪòˡ
Զһͨص׵۷࣬;֮еǿʵ̫ˣǰãһӳô࣬͵ĳɲС
ҲǶɽٺڰˣΪڵʿʵȻᳬԽЩǿߣҷ˾ʮ컯ܴ֮ﵽѪľ磬൱ӵ˲֮ҲΪڴġ
ʱ֮ڣϰ׵۷ǿʢִǿʢڼ͸ҹĻϵֱ
˵죬ҹٶʢĻѾʼպϣһööͨĹʵ֦ͷ
ͽһصʱǿҹȫò
㲻̫ߣҲʮң֮Ϸɢ˺֦ܶ⣬˺ͨͨĹʵ
ʼɡͳҩʦ˵
͵˵ͷ˻ҹĹʵ֮⣬ͽеĲ׼ˣ㹻Ƶˡ
ʦ𡭡òᡭĿԼʦ𣬱׼ʹֵģǿʦƺҲ˼
ͿûйʦͽЩʲôץʱ䣬µʱ˵Ҳһս
ͻһֻҪժһöʵִʵ˲ͱʵˡ
ժҹĹʵҪýԵıûԵĻᱻյġҩʦһЦһ˦һ𽣸һöʵ
͵˵ͷʵ֮С
䣡һɽɫĻ˲佫ʵʱͽʵڻ˾ҩҺ
ǿĻ档ҩʦǰһҹĹʵǳʹҲҪһٷĹز
ֱӽҩҺɫ¯֮һӣҲǵһƲҪͻὫʵҩһˣ͵ַ
ҩʦ;ͽеĵҩһԵĶ˵¯ʱҲ¶˳Ծɫ
ԼʦҲ˲ɵĵʦ𿴵ַ߰ҲԾ
ԾԾ֮ǰϾ˽⣬ҩʦҲûж˵ʲô
ۡһźɫҩ͵˳һݲϼƣʧܣƣʧܣƣһֱظĹ̡
ҩʦҲǺԣζĹȻǿľζģ·ʲôĵһ㡣
ҩʦҲ֮ѵõ֣ѾַĲͬȻʮݲ϶ʧܶգÿһμֵʱ䶼һγ˺ܶࡣ


858 
ڵһνӴֵҩ˵ѾǲĿˡ
ҩʦܿеŵζҲܿó
վһԵĻʥѾʼͻ᲻ˣҪ˵ʦûһǧҲа˰ˣ֮ЩǰǵʦҲˣûһʦַһôҡ
Ķ˻ʥҲһ˽⣬֮ʱʲôҩȷʲôҩϸ˳ģ㽫еҩһԵĶȥ
ֻ֮ʧܸһεĻʥᵱַأһʧʮˣɹٵҲӦһ¯˰ɡ
ҪҩʦԵĻʥֹͼȥˡ
ʮҩȫˣʹǻִ壬һҪճô߽ҩҲһʹ顣
ʥɲô׷ˡ
һ٣һٷҩûгɹĻҩʦҲҪֹʥǴ⣬һûвƴֵֵزٶʮݸ߽ҩƳɺںҩ
ʥһһݵʧܣĶҪѪˣɶǻƴҩ
֮󣬻ʥѾľˣѾ˷˾ʮݲˣʥļһٷݲҲ˶ˡ
ҩʦȷһʦôǰʥʵ
İɣǿһʦʵ顣ҩʦһЦ
Ѿ˷˾ʮҩˣһûôҩ˷ѰʥǵĿƵ͡
ҩʦҡҡͷİɣǴ˴ǻյĻеʧǵе
ҩʦǸʥԶ裬ٶʮݲȻ󣬵Եļҵ׻õóġ
Уһٷݣһٷҩһٷ֮л޷Ƴ𵤵Ļ˵ʲôҪֹʥҡҡͷ
ЩҩȻ󣬵ǻҹſһλǴһΣһҪȵ֮ˣɲᡣ
ҩʦüͷһ壺ʥǲˣ
ǲҩʦǰǲǸСһĲ𰡡ʥҡҡͷ
ۣʥŸ˵꣬һ¯ҩ
ͣĴ̼Żʥ񾭣ÿһζһ¯ҩˡ
һ𵤱Ԥ֮еĻҪһЩֻҹĹʵҩ̫׽ÿһŹʵҩԾȻͬҪЩʵҩԿɲһ򵥵飬ҵǣʮεѾЩҩԡ
ͶӦԾʦģֿǺҩʦҲǺѷɫġ
ھʮݲϿʼƵʱ͵ٶԿ˼֣ڲҹʵҩ֮˲жϣʵĻ𵤡
зٶԽԽ죬ҩʦеľҲԽԽʢһûмַȻޱȣ·һ⺺һ㣬ȴһĪŵҩγɡ
ҩʦ֪Ҳһ׷֮һַģҩʦ
Ϊ綥ʦ֮һȻַ
̫ʱַ֮ǰǲ²ĻôʱҩʦѾޱȵȷˣ̫ʱϹźڸͲܴڴ˵
ۡһ¯ҩʧˡ
ʥѾ׼ֹˣȴҩʦǲ͵ѵĻòҪ
ʥŴͣ˼ĿҩʦһʦȻҩʦ˵ĿأȻϧõвʥ
͵ѣֺʥ붼롣
ͶôģʥʵǲףΪʲô˷ϲʦõҩʦ
һǻõĻҪ궼Ҫࡣҩʦ̾˿
ҩʦ仰ʥһҲŵģĪ˵ҪˣܹƽѾܲˣǿһһεʧܣʥͻȻٵı֤ƺҲûа취ʵ֡
µʱ䣬ڱ˵ٶʮҩǶ˵ʱһѡ
ৡɫĵ¯ͻȻֻĸ;Ȼͬһʱڿ¯ҩҪľǻƷ𵤵ľ飬ܷɵҪǵġ
һ˷ѵĲҲǳɱӡ
̶̶ʮ죬ѾʮݲϱһѺںҩˣʥҪ޳ˡ
ȴ⻹Ȼ¯һ
ǿʶ˵ʶȻϷҪǿһҩʦ㵵Ŀ͡
ͬ¯ҩҩʦҲĪ˵¯¯ҩҩʦҲУǰ¯ҩѾЩǿˣǿӻûдﵽޡ
־ʱӵ˿ֲʶʹҩʦҲĽѣʿΪ
ž
ž
ž

ʧܣʧܣʧܣʧܣ
ʥѾˣѾǵİٷݲϣȻһɹ
һҲǺͣİٷݲ֮еõȫۺһ𣬽ģ𵤵ϸڱԽԽ
Ͷˣһֻǿһ¯ҩҩɿĽ뵤¯֮УܿЩҩĴ˾ҩ
ҩʦǰһһ͵ĶˣȻѾ֪ˡ
ͲķһɫĻͣײŵ¯ÿһײ̼Żʥ࣬һײͽһ¯ҩˡ
һ͵ıȴǳ˻ʥ֪ⵤҩǵûϣԽԽ
ǾҩҺɫĵ¯֮һΪǰĹЩҩҺȻѾγ˵ҩӡ
ţһ¯ȻܳţʥЩţ֮ǰЩΪɫʦһ¯ҲֻܳһŰǻߵҩʦĻпܣëͷСӡ
еķԽԽ죬֮ڽһ¯ҩϣöƷ𵤣
ʥЩţȻôƳɹˣ
һĻҩʦͻʥЩΧ۵Ļʿˣʮ¯ͬʱʮ¯ҩ
Ŀǰļٶһ¯ҩҲҪʱ䣬ʣµʱһ¯һ¯ƵĻ¯ģͱӿٶˡ
Ѿõ˵֤Ϊ֮ʦ֮һôʵıֳһЩͬҲû˻ò졣
ȴ֪ʵʵ̫ˣҩʦŵˣͬʱٿʮ¯ҩֻڵǸϹϼѵ˵͵ѾԺǸϹˣ
ܵģôأҩʦܿҡҡͷ
ͬʱʮ¯ҩɲô򵥵飬ҲַֹֻЧ


859 ļ
ͬʱʮ¯ҩȷЩףҲļˣʶǿҲֻܿôˡ
;׼Ĳٿ֮£ʮ¯֮еҩҺȻʼںϣ˵ٶҪ˲٣ʮ¯Լʹٶ˺ܶ൫ʿΪӦġ
ۣ¯ҩըɣֻʣ˰¯
зٶҲԽԽ죬ֿѾҩʦԤƣ󵽵Ҫٴεϰܽٶ֮죬ҩʦ޷һ
ʥҲеԹ˻ʱɵӶóϵͬһˡ
ʥҲڰңҩʦסҪʦˣһ뵽һʦĺǻʥ۷ĴҲһ
ʮܹ֮¯ҩ¯ÿһ¯Ŀŷ𵤣һǾ˶ʮ˿ŷ𵤣֮ǰĿܹʮţѾﵽ˻ҪˣϾ֮ǰʮʦҲֻǶǼŰˡ
ûоôˣ߰ʱ䣬ٿ¯Ҫû忴ļֵҪӻ»ҹ֦붼롣
;Ȼ׼·ҩʦҲǲ̾˿͵ʵ̫ˣʹˮ׼ôȻûпʲôŵ
һһժϰöҹĹʵҲһˣٹЩʵͻḯãҲûʲôô
ʥЩĳҲû⣬ϾҹĹʵƷ֮⣬ûʲôô
ڴ֮ǰҲлʿ̷ֱֹʵǽȴлʿ״ͷΪʿҹĹʵ֮˲ͱһɴûмĻճ˻ҽ
ǿһ˺ڵʿȻô޵ֿȥˣҹĹʵʿη塣
ʱƣҹĹʵѾʼ䣬һЩή֦Ҳʼ䡣
ҹյĻϵһ̿ʼɢ֮ڵĻϵָ
֮󣬻ҹɵĻϵѾȫգ˿̵ĻҹҲûͳʱĳȡ
ֹȥ죬һʮ¯ҩ֮¯ɹֶ˶ʮö𵤣ܹʮö𵤣Ҫ˼š
ҸǳԾ𵤵ĳɹʣȻɣ⻹һνӴֵҩϤĻɹʿ»ҪһЩ
ƾƷҩҶǸߵĳɹʣʦﶼǼΪġ
ʹҩʦԼΪĵҩʱɹʻпܴﵽĲ㣬ǱĵҩĻɹܱ֤Ҿͺܲˡ
ʹʦҲԼóֻרһ൤ҩȫͨҩʦΪóľҩ
óƵĴ縴յҲҩʦĽ̵ܱ֤ҵĳɹʣͨʦ֮ѾǺѵˡ
ȴǲ۲۵ȫţֻҪеֻҪ㹻ʱƳǳ飬ҳɹҲ̫͡
ͲɫĽһöڵĵҩ
ҩʦƭ˹ȥһöڵĵҩͲʲôϵһöƷ𵤣Ҳ׼ͻõĵơ
ҹ쾹ȻôܡͿѾлϵɢȥĻҹ쵭̾һ
ҹ֮ô൤ҩôĹʵ͸йٵȻܲҹĲ֮
ҹڲȻǧֲͬĻϢЩϢص㣬ؼǱǧֻϢΧǵ档
˵ÿһöҹĹʵֻ֮кٵһ֣ȴ͵ĸй١
ҹ֮оȻǷӡһּΪǿĻ棬Ʒ֮𾪣˵͵Ľط֮£ȴҲʮ֮ȽϿǰģͻĸо
ϾΧӡټϸֻļӳ֣ܹЩʵ֮΢Ϣ֮бӡǺֻĻǲˡ
ûʥ֪ͽǽӴ˻ҹĹʵƲôϢĻ¶Ҫ̲סˣܣ֪˲һ֪֮µҲֻҩʦһˡ
ֻ֪ҹȴ֪ҹΪǻ
ֻӡڻҹ֮еĻʵ̫ǿ󣬼ʹȥô֮꣬Ȼûʿܹշ档
Ϊʧ˲ǿߣܹѡշȻǻ֮еľţڸǽԴȫϣȻ޷շ˵õ̫ķ𵤵ĵҲֻշļʰˣһɹġ
ǼʹʧôΣҲûзһεıǽʿ˭ûзҹ쳣
Ѿӵ˽۷׵ͶȻûжȤֻҪһ֦ˡ
ʥи֮롣ͿŻʥ
̫ˣֻҪһΧ֮ڣʲôҪ󾡿ʥЦЦ
˵͵ΪΪһʦѾʸƽ۽ˡ
ʥεʿ˵಻࣬˵Ҳ٣ϸĹĻʮϰٸܴյĳ
ʦɾֻôһ϶ڵ֮УǵĵλҪȻʥ߳һء
ҹҪƵĵҩеһλҩϣܹõһҹ֦⡣˵ԼҪ
򵥡ʥҡҡ֣һλҹ˴֦⣬Щ֦óһˡ
Щ֦䣬ϵѾɢҵĵҩûʲôôҪǸո֦⣬˲Ҫӡҩʧҡҡͷ
ʥɫһ䣺УҹԲ
ҩʦҲЩգӦ֪ҹԻҪԣֻܴӻϵõһЩ֦ˡ
ǵû˼ǻ̬ʵ̫ǿӲݲһ˿һá
ѣ˰ɣҹ֦ǲ۵ġҩʦȰ
͵һЦԸ⸶һЩȡһ֦⡣
ʲôУʦ⿪ڡʥ̬ޱȵļᶨ
𣿡͵һЦָһ飬ǽڵ˲䣬һ˲̼ڳʿ񾭡
Ʒ𵤣ʹΪķ𵤣ǴûгֹһƷ
Ʒʥ˼Ŀеķ𵤡
һҩһ֦⡣ָָҹ졣


860 ǻ
Ʒ𵤻ʷ϶ûгֹŶڷƷ֮ȥշǻģĽǱ淴ɳΪһѻҽ
Ʒ𵤣ƷĻӦÿԳɹİɡʥ뵽
ƷҩҩЧƷʮ࣬ĻһˣǾǴˡ
һƷ𵤼ֵɹ֮Ҳôһܴ
𵤵ú׼Ƶľƣֵ˺ֵֻҹ֮зӡһֻ棬ƵĻȴǶκλ涼ЧҲһƷˣ⵹ǿʡȥƾ񵤵Ĺˡ
һαѡշǻʥӣǲĻӵ³Ҳǰһճɻҽ
˵㾡Уʹ֪һѡһÿһǶѡЩѡҲûоܾʹǰѪܵĽѵɻͬɶ˻һȥ
˭ԼڲͬģǶЩŶԣǰʧǲãұǻҪǿһܹշ档
ϻЩŶǱ뷨ȥǽȴǰһ
ƷƷʥзеĵʧ
һöƷ𵤺пܾܸıӵˣпܸıˣȴҪΥ괫Ĺء
ڻʷϻûгֹΪ۶ϻҹ֦ģʹǻ峤Ȼûʸ
ôˣʥλҲᶯҡЩϻԥĵ
ʥҡҡͷҹʹҲûʸ۶ϣԱǸˡ
ʥʵĿеһöƷһۣȻõһöƷ𵤣ȴô
ҲЩ⣬û뵽ʥȻӲĵջ
ͻǰһƷ𵤵ݸ˻ʥʹˣһƷ𵤻ǻġ
㡭ǻʥҪҲޱȵ𾪡
һƷҩļֵжôͲǲ֪ﻹ㲻ʲô˺ͻһ彻ãֶΪأ
һǷһ顣ʥǸĿһۡ
һƷ𵤶˵ûʲôǶڻʥڻ˵ȴҪ
͵һЦһŵҩˣ㲻ʲô
˷ۣ룺㻹˵һƷ𵤻㲻ʲôʦҲô˵
ȻʦҩʦҲ𾪡
Ⲣζ;ͷҹ֦⣬˵ʮ컯ǱҪƳģ˭޷赲
Ȼ̬˵ļҲֻʱͣʵûа취ģҲֻǿ۶һ֦ˣʦݣҪҲῼǵĵ
û뵽ǣͳһƷ𵤵ĵʥҵһƳɵУȻʲôҲû˵뿪ˡ
ʹеʱһֻʳָСĻɫ֦͵ǰ
ǻҹ֦⣬ֶصϢҲֻлҹſӵУʵģոʱ仹һʱ
Ȼһ֦Сһ㣬ȴҲǻʥòˡ
ʥ˼ԸǷô飬͵͵ôһ֦͵һЦ֦ĺ֮С
ôС֦ƾʮ컯ȻǲģҲں֦⵽жС֮ҩһ˿ھͿԴױû֮ҲܳһҹҲ˵ء
ѣ㲻׼һصҩʦΪźĿͣ׼ȥģ˳㻹Խһϵ˵ûͼƭ˵ġ
ƺʲôһ㣬ܾҩʦ룬Ҫʱ䶼ֵʱȥй䰡
͵ļƻѾƾʮ컯Ȼƾ񵤣۷շ֮;׼ǰħսǱħ磬ҵ顣
ʮ컯;Ԥʮ֮ɡ
˵ҩƷʶҪȷ𵤵һЩƵѶȻҲǽ˲٣ϾԼҪõĵҩͿɲ˿
ԼȻҪõģһҲ׼ҩЩҩݲ㣬׼֮ԼҪҩſʼơ
ҩȻõģ
е֮ʲôģҲȥˣչ
;ͽ׽˱ڤ֮УͨҲԲҵģʮ֮һ׼һγʱǾԾʱ
ʧˣôܣͨĸ¥ȴ͸ˡ
ڲμ˻һʡ֮ȻʧˣͬʱɢĻʦϢ
ָ֮ʦݾ񶼲òӣҲ֪Լ֮ദʽҪһˣȻʱڤļ֮ƾʧˣηѰò͵κϢ
ͬʱ˻ҲǵõϢĵ֮оȻ
˵ʵ˻ʶԵҲõĹϵûжʦͽ֮飬˵ǵĵˣĵӵ˽⡣
ϧ̫ʥʵ̫֮ҲҪǧʱ˻ʿſе壬һ˿ȡ
֮Ҳֻ˻û˵֮˻ʵΪǳ͵ģ˻״ҪͻƸߵľͱһ壬ѰѾ˻ʷˣ̫ʥͲһˡ
ʧʮ֮󣬻巽綼Ϊ֮𺳵Ĳ
ʮ֮ʮǻˣ
һʹˣʥĿѾշǻӻǬǬһöƷ֮ȻӲĶסǻķɣɹշΪ˲䱩ǣһҹ֮Ϊ˻ʥһεĸ֡
ɾ磬ɾ磡ǬҲ˷ܲѣһѾ̤綥ǿ֮
žֻǬһӣҹɶʱնΡ
ҵıˣǬʰһ֦⣬ֱӽ֦ڡ
ǻڻҹ֮Уö֮ҹմȾǻϢͻǬڵǻңӦȷǻǬ취ѡ
ʥԼ
ǬҲǵ˵ͷǻĸԲܶˡ
ֻһϺɫĻ˻ҹ֮Уٹ꣬һ˿ܳɳΪǻ彫ٴγһǿߣ


861 ˫ϲ
徹Ȼصô֮üͷһ塣
СˣȻˡĺһ
ǿ߼Ŀ⼯˻ϣʮ֮ʮǻ𰡣ɲģʹεĴڱҲҪǱӡ
ʹ֪ҲѾ̫ˣѳɣǻʵǣʹЩ֮жǿҲò
ıǳɹˣһöƷ𵤵ĹˡҩʦһЦ
ûһöƷ𵤵ĻǬ³ǰʲô
Ʒôô׾ƳƷҩأҩʦҡҡͷѾˣѾʮ¯ҩˣҩʦʦ˵Ǽġ
ԴӼܹͬʱʮ¯ҩƳƷҩ֮ҩʦľѾˣ˵ΪȻܹƽ͸ʵ̫ˣҪƽҪ൱ʱ䣬״̬֮£ʵǲʺˡ
Ҳգȥ߰ɡҩʦ̾˿Ҳǰҩʦһ׼磬ȥħһ⡣
˵ħƲǶʦ绹Ǻͨڵģħʦ绹ʦħ磬ܵԷ
ʧʮ֮һηޱ䣬һͻ𣬾Ȼ壬ǿʢĺڷһҲò˱ܡ
һȻ֮ǿ󣬵ȴԶԶ޷ͺڷһᲢˡ
һͷǧĿ˵Ĵ֮£ڷһ徹ȻǽڽڰˣʮĹ򣬺ڷһͳױϳǵء
ȻǼΪǧĿˣһЩĳŻǽյıʵ˵
һֻǱѹե̫ˣʵ֮Ҫһ£û޴Ҫ֮еĴ忪սĵز
ڽڷһϳǵ֮󣬾һҲͣ˽ŲһҲѾΪ˻ȡ㹻أѾˡ
֮ǰҲǸһͷ˯֮еľˣʱǾǿޱء
֪һ˵Ļ϶˷ܵһֱҪһͷĿˣ۾ƳһֻĿ´ڵġֻۡһֱûлᡣ
ʱѾͻƵıԵķʮʱһöʮ컯ö񵤡
ЩҩɲΪͨƷƷҩʦ֪ӵöƷҩĻҩʦҲ˲ιȥ
ƷҩܹƳƷѾǲˣοƷ
ЩҩһƳƷ͵Ȼǳ͵ǻǿ˹ЩĹͣöƷҩƷƷ
Ϊ֮ȻҪԼõģôһȻҪãο⼸öҩϵԼδɳκβ
Ƿ˾ʮ컯ⵤҩ֮ڵħ֮Ѫ˲͵֫ٺ͵忪ʼ˵ɱ䡣
Ѫ⣬·һ㣬ԭΪѾޱȼӲȻڽţЧһ͵鱦ˡ
ǸΪҪǣÿһѪҺ֮еޱȵǿ󣬷·ÿһѪһĸ壬ÿһϸž˵Ļ
֪ǵѪľ磬ȫÿһϸӵޱǿһޱȼӲʼҪɱҲǧˡ
һöʮ컯ҩЧʵֲ̫ʹ͵Ҳֻǿʮ֮һҩԣûгЩҩ֮ǰҲҸˡ
֮ħ֮ѪͻõȻǸ󣬼ʹֻǷʮ֮һҩԣҲȵҪǿĶࡣ
ԭ˵ǿ󡣡ֻԸܹһħ֮Ѫ֮еĸܵĵǿ
ȻΪǸŮʲôɫħһǿߣпħһǿߡºһĵݾǲһЩò뷨
пܷɵˡһЦ
ɣô򵥣̾˿
ͳʮ컯ҩЧ֮ʱʧѾǰ֮ˡ
ʮ컯ҩЧԶԶ͵ԤϣҩЧԽǿ;Խǻϲ֮УѾͻˡ
Ͷ֮䣬ͶɢżΪֲ
ʱշһˣͿһðŽɫķ
۷ͻȻһ£ƺһ㡣
֮У۷ܵѹƣ޷Ͳκε˺ǽ͵ھͲһˣԽ
ʹ֮շ۷׵ΣҪС
ճ̶ҲѰܹȵģǻǬշǻҲԶԶ֮ȡ
ʹӵ˵Ѫ壬Ȼǲ˿Ĵ⣬һö֮ʹ߶ڵһƽ۷ס
͵ʱ۷װһŰԵĻͬҰ͵֮ݺ۳ң
ž͵˲ͱճ˻ҽЩҽ¾ۼһ
գҲǰľط׵ǿޱȣӵеѪĻոһ˲ͳˡ
һƷ񵤾Ȼ޷ѹס۷ףҧҧһöƷ񵤣ʱȵĸо˲١
Ҳ֪ܹѹסڵĽ۷׶ãץʱ䣬ڵͣĳŽ۷ףԵĻ޾ĳ֮ˣһһıշ
ǳһʱ䣬۷׾Ϳʼˣ
ûж룬Ƿһö񵤣ѹס۷֮ȫ档
֮طףԽĿⶼϡ
ţô£ʿԵһƽ۷ף⻹ǴӺС֮лõһƣҲֻͷ˿СȻ˿Ӵϸ
Ǵʱһƽ۷ȴɧѣȻҪѷӡơ
ʺһΪһƽ۷ףǻ˲ٵĴۣ˲ųɳزôܾôˡ
žһֱֻѹ۷֮ϡ
һɧ֮۷ʵ
һεɧҲЩɻ۷ƽʱúõģôɧˣ
һ֮ͳһҪշ۷׵һ¡
ƷѾΪ㹻ˣȴֻǼʱ䣬ʣµĶʮ컹ȫӲţ嶼֪˶ٴˣȻִӻҽ֮
Ʒ񵤰ͳŹѵǰ죬Ӧ˽۷׵Ļ֮пôεĻ֮
ֻǸһ˿磬סһ˿ܿͻһγɳʱȡҲǿһڵĻ档
ΪҪǣһɫķδɳޣн۷׺а׺һҲκεĳɳˡ


862 ħս
˼컯ͲŽԼָ۷״̬
۷׻ôΣҲ˲Сˣ״̬ԽٵĻпܳһЩ⡣
һȻ˫ɵٺһںһƸ֮ǰİٱ
ҲǽȣǴﵽ˵Ѫľ磬ں˽۷ףʵѾԭǿ˰ٱ
Щף͵Ϸǵûиκε˺Ǵ̼岻ͣĳɳ
һµʱȻû˿ķôֱֱˣը˲ͱһѪĩ
ǶԲءһѪͻȻ䶯ţܿ;иʲô˺
һȻңȴ޷˲һУȻԸ
ˡ¶һ˿Ц⡣
Ȼ֮ǰ׼˾ʮ컯ǰ϶飬ǵ̤εʱ򣬻̲סϲʿ
ͻǵʱǳΪʿŹȥ꣬ѾǴʿˣ֮Ҳһǿˡ
ħ硭ͿԶһۣʱǰħˡ
ѾԱ֮εʿҲһս֮Ѫͽ۷׿ɲģȫǮ
ΨһǣħսҪӦƾ֤ʿǲħսġ
ħսۼ罫ɵĸֶ֣ħǿ߶ţһս֪ʲôʱʼҲ֪ʲôʱ
ħ粻֪˶꣬ռƣǹȥֿħռƣ˭ռƶ޷׽Էħսһ̶нսʿС
ħ磬ͬСĽ棬֪Ϊʲôԭһ
˫֪һĶͬأؾζԴֻҪԴͻᡣ
һƬռͳΪսҲΪͨΨһͨҪħֻһ·
Ҽǵһ֮ƺǰħս񣬱껹ͦߵģǧѫͻȻ֮ǰɽʱǰħս
˵֮Ҳͬ񣬵֮ĴڣһǸ֪ʲô˻ڣʵҲ̤ǵķΧһȽϰȫ
ⲻò˵һˣͬطΣյĵط
ͻصɽʱ򣬷ɽ֮еŨ˺ܶ࣬һЩõγˣΪɵĵڶӮңɽĸıҲǷǳԵġ
һħս񡣡ָָ
ħսԶģѫҲߵģаǧѫ۾ħսһ꣬ڼħսȫ㣬һǲЩġ
ħսԶʿ̫࣬Ǻ޲֮еʿħսһѹħ硣
㡭ǹʿһ
ôˣʵ
Ǹٶڹѫȡһ֮ѪռεǸʿҼǵ㣡ʿ˵
ռһǺ䶯ɽģ峤֮ĽҲֻЩϻ֪ʿĵλ֪һ顣
ʵȫûбҪȥħսģΪṩ㹻ĹѫˡʿĽĿ͡
׬ȡѫٶĿõģǻΪѫͷʹʱͲѾڵĹѫˣʿ벻ͨôǮΪҪȥħսΣյĵط
ħսʿļǺܸߵģʹǴʿҲкܸߵļ䣬ħսȣֱ˵ˡ
Ȼ˽ħսĻرҲߣֻҪնɱһЩħʿͻ±նɱħĸ֣ôһĶȻˣǲμħսŻʿһҹԭ򣬲һеǰᶼܻŻ
Ͷ࿴ʿһۣ۵ǲֻʵһ㡣
Ҿͽˡ͵һЦָܹ˳Ľħսء
ǱĻпܱħ綼ɵˣ;ȫҲ˼Ŷħǿ߾Ҳֻˡ
ʿƺΪϧ
һöƺͰǧѫֱӻֻͣҪ˹ѫֱֵˣΪпһˡ
ףͣôĿ͡
ͳΪʦҲ֪ˣΪµͻڵ֮أ˭֪Ȼɽ
ţħսˣ𿴵еǸƣһԸҫۣȻܹóǽħսƾ֤
ڵͿ˵Ǵ⣬һʦĳƺţ˵һģԵˣαҪȥħսΣյĵطأ
˵ҪΪ羡һ𣿡ɫĿ
ֻСš˷ۡ
Ҳ̸֮ѣ̸֮ûôԼ
ȥ׬ǮġЦĵ˵Լ
ҿѹ֣һʦȥħսһģŷӦ޿ޣǷƵ
ħսΣյĵطٻʦûǱ߳˾һȺͨʦһʦٳ֣ħս֮ڵʿҪƵҩҪ뿪ħսѰʦơ
ܹħսϻʿǸ͵ͽҩļ۸Ƕܣؼʱһҩǿܹġ
ҲȥҲãֱӽһħսȻ׼һȥˡ
㶮𣿡һŹֵĿ
ûϵҷҲȥħսʶʶôһûмħʿءں˵
㲻˵ħսΣΪʲôҪȥˣͿЦһ
ٺһЦһȥΣգǸ߾ͲһˣʦӳŵҩͻǿСһ˵ħս֮ȫľˡ
㡣һƿҩ
ôͻȻҵҩˣҲʲôҩֱ˴֮Уʦֻ
ող˵ֻҪӳŵҩǿСһ𣿡͹Ц
Ѳ˵ģܲе׬һܵõħĲϡĿ͡
Ҳû뵽ԼɾȻôҲôˣħս϶ҪһʱϤսģʦڻҲãȵҵͨħĵ·ٳҲ١


863 ߵû
㲻׼һȥɣͿЩ˼顣
ɽ֮еĵλͬһ㣬Ǿһȥħս˵Щϼһﱻ˺ˡ
ү˵һħս֮ҲǿߣİɣֻҪ㲻嵽սȥͰȫĺܡЦЦ
аЦ׼սȥɱģһֱںʲôȥͨħĵ·أȻЩǲ˵ģֻǵ˵ͷǰ滹ȵĴں󷽰ɡ
ҪҴ㻹Լ·Ϳһۡ
ȻǴˣռһͨãΪɵɷ˵ľͽִ͵ļϡ
ҡҡͷһľʩչռֱͨӶ޾Ŀռ֮С
ڤ֮缫֮أħսȴڿ֮صһռ֮УʹռһͨҲһʱ֮ŵħս
еƵݸػ󷨵ͷ֮ͺͨħս֮С
ռҲܽ룬ħµ󷨣Ϳɲ뱻ЩסͨȽϺá
ͻ䣬ɫĳǽɫķݣɫĽֵһƺǺɫģֵ֮ϻвѾɺԵѪҺ֪ǽ˶ٵѪҺŻɫʯͷ֮ӡǡ
ħս֮ľݵ㰡ôƲƲ졣
ͷ˷ֲۣȼٵġ
ҲǣΪ羡ġ֪ܵЦЦ
ݵ㿴ȻôǻǺܷģֵ̣̯λֵ
ͺݵ֮бһ£ħսʿ뱨Ҳǽ֮ʱֵơ
ʦʿ࿴һۣʦħսϧ֣ټġ
֡ϲ˺ߣôôŤء
ʲôʦʿʵ
ֵʦ𼱲ͺ˳͵أʾǵڲͬ
õֻһЦ
ʦôһëûгСޣЦˡ
СҪ˵ûġ
ǼǵʿҲǿһۣģѱϢûġ
εҡҡͷǵ֤
һںĵ¯һŽɫǣʲô֤ʿƲƲ졣
Ͷʱħս֮оȻв֪֤ӣ
ʦǾƵʱһƤƤʿɫĵ¯ʱһϵĹ͵ǰ
ҲǵʦͿһۡ
ǣǵ֤ĶʦʱЦͬջһãʦһӶδܵõ
˲֮гһΪʦҩʦЩһмӣҲû뵽⴫˵֮еʦ
ѵӴɽҪתˣ˷ܵЦ
ȻǶʦľ磬ޣû̫ĻĻһҲֻڶʦϴתˣһʦĻǾȫһˡ
ӴʦһʦǼǵʿе㲻š
ʲô̬ȣʲôһʦʦޱȵʦӴɽʱһ
͵ǾЩ˼ˣȴĵ˵ͷžջһԽԽ˳ۣǸһǲж֮ˡ
һʦħսб⻹Ҫ䶯
׼һ׷ӡͿǼǵʿ
ááϣһõġʿʱһʦֻ©㶫Ҳòˡ
ʦҪҷӣСķӾݵ֮õģһ䱸ʦǲĻҵסӴɽϾ˳
ҲãͬʦҲһ㡣͵˵ͷ
ɰӴɽֻˣʦͬסһ£ֻҪõһָˣһžջƵЦһһġ
ŸʲôȥͨǵǼǵʿʱűߵʿ
ʦˣϢϱһ㣬ڶԼͻǰˡ
ʦˣҵסһĻòˡӴɽױƵ˵
ħս֮϶һĻˣɼӴɽħս֮ϻǺܳġ
ħսϵʦ٣һЩûо֤ɢʦٲǵ֮ͨʦﵽǼľֻӴɽˡ
ͽħս֮ǰӴɽħսΪɫʦ֮ʹֵʸûˣͶصҩʦû֣οӴɽأ
ոƹҩǰƷн׵ֹѪ¶һ뷿ӾŵζЩԾӦʧˡ
Ӵɽ˵ͷʧˣʼղ⣬ʱʱġ
֦¶ڼ֮ǰӦðɲݽһ£ܸõΪһҩԵܼ͵˵
лʦӴɽϲһ仰Ӵɽéٿ⾹Ȼôˡ
һЦֶ˵ǳʶĶЩʦ˵ȴѵõط
ӹҳȥɡͽһƳɵҽӴɽ
˻Ӵɽ֮ϵݲһݵһ𰡣ԴͷԼǰһĮȻʦȻǸ֪ʲôꡣ
㵨ģħսȻ͸ôţЦĿ͡
ʦ̫ǫѷĻǶʦˡƲƲ졣
ҲԣЩǿߵĹͷܼġΪȻĵ˵ͷ
ͷ˷ۣǰ̫ʱģͶΪһˣһ뿪ɽȫǱһˡ
ô൤ҩҪҪ¯һŸҿҿǻûʶʦأ͡
Ǿ仰Ļɡͺһ
ǲʹһ㡣ˡ
Ϊô򵥣һʱͲʲôҩġͷ˷ۡ
Уð죬а취ƲƲ죬ֱ˦˼죬Ƕ뼸ɾ
ʱ䷨󣬿Խʱٵһʮһ죬о͹ʮ죬ʮӦù˰ɡ˵
Ͷʱʱûо֮еʱ¥Խٵ򣬱һ׷߼ˣֻ벻Ȼ󷨣Ϊ˿
ˣҪʲôҩ˵
ʦĹأҶҪƵĵҩƷҲߣƷ½׺ˡһҺͨӡ
ͷ˷ۣƷ½׵ҩһµʱ֮Ƴõ֮ҲֻǼʦпܰ쵽ˡ


864 
ʦˣѾ׼̤䣬ӴɽԸоʱҪԶԶ죬Ⲣص㣬ȻʦѾڿ¯ˡ
ʦǿǰѵһ飬ܹ۹Ħʦⲻ֪ĸ
ţôûе¯ӴɽĿ֮ͣڳ֮ǰµǸ¯֮Ⲣûбĵ¯Ĵڡ
¯һʦҪԲԶһǿʦضһϺõ¯⼸ʦ֮Ĺʶ
ҪƵĵҩʲôҩ̾˿
֪Եģõĵûʲôɫʦֲʶ֮еˣһֱ͵ٺһЦ
ӹͲ֪ҪƵľȻھƷ½׵ҩ֮Ҳżͷֻص
ôŪֵģҲЩȡ
ֻصĵƺѾʧˣͻΪֻһֵء
һż֮ҵģܲƣʵ
ܣȻܣ͵˵ͷֻصĹˣ֮лأϾ֮Ƴġ
ֻصĹЧֻһֻ֮С
ʿǷˣ󶼻ֻأǶɥʧǰļ䡣
ǷֻصĻôͻżת
ڷ˵ûʲôǶ˵һļζʲôԵĸ򣬸ĹȻ°빦Ǹһλ
Чеʱ侧彫Լ˻صӤʱڡ
ȻǾƷ½׵ҩѶȴ˿ھƷнס
Ѿ˾ȻҪȥṩҩȫͶƾճֵɫ¯֮УһɿĴ֮С
ں˽۷֮ͶԻĲٿҲﵽһµľ磬Ƶҩ¯ࡣ
ӴɽȵͶǱˣﻹǺ
Ӵɽ֤һӶûмִַָֿҩҵһ𣬲ȺԻ
Ӵɽ飬ʽͲܳ
ǵһμʿôΪģĽǳϡ
ʮ죬֮ⷿйȥ˶ʮ죬һöɫĵҩһĳʽγɡ
Ʒ½ֻصһ¯ɣ
ʦֻҪһ¯ˣ̾һ
ʹۿ˵ҩγɣӴɽʼջ޷ַҲƳҩ
ҲѹӴɽ˵ɻĪ˵һССĶʦҩʦƵʦҲеİء
Ȼ͵ȷһµʱ֮Ƴ˾Ʒ½׵ҩһ¾ʦƺˡ
ʦ˵ȻޱȣӴɽʱһƨ
͵˵ͷӷųȥ𣿡
ѾųȥˣźܿͻʿǰӴɽһǺĵġ
ħսûгֹʦԶһЩ߽׵ҩǹӦģʹıļ۸ħսҲˡ
һϿд˴Ʒ½ǾƷн׵ĵҩд󲿷ֶһЩһĵҩ
һĵҩħսԶԶҪǿΪĵҩҪܻӭĶࡣ
ħսΣķû˭ܱ֤˵ģ˵ҩҲһߵġ
ӴɽȻһʦĳɹʳҲɣóһĵҩƴ縴յĳɹȲϹͨʦ
Ҳдˣֻһ
ͲȱʯҲȱɾֻһЩȤ
ܹħսϻĶһЩ͵ļһǿڴ֮еĶɲ٣ħزҪǲݺݵһʵĻԲԼ
ʦ𣿡ȻҽųȥʱѾʿˡ
ȥӴһ°ɡͿӴɽһۡ
ϵĲ񻰵ʦʱƨƨߵ˳ȥΪʦǵʦϵҫأôƴأ
ûֻһͽˣ
˸ûʲô뷨ˣܵõʦļǾ㹻ˣͻڵƿˣܳΪڸߵʦء
ӴʦʿһȻħսһӴɽдʱһ
Ҫʲôҩ˵ҿûʱĥ䡣Ӵɽոջͬջһõʱ˪
ʦǲʲôӣǶЩҩģûʲôƢ
Ӵʦǲʦʿǲģһ䡣
ž͹ûպ¡Ӵɽʱ·һ緢Ļɽһ㡣
ĥһ㣬ʧһһʱ䣬Ҫٵõٵ㰡Ȼǿʿ˳ˡ
ҪʮŴ縴յʿҲ֪ȥܾҪӴɽˣҲǲʦֻҪܹõҩˡ
Ӵɽһܽڵķ䣬ϵı˲ͱˣʦˣҪʮŴ縴յ
ͽһ˳װƵĵҩϰٸƷ֣ǧŵҩӦһʱ㹻ˡ
Ʒ½׵ҩÿʮͬȼҩƷн׵ҩÿʮͬȼҩͿļ룬ò˵۸ȷǹ˲٣ħսһܹ۴ľƷҩ۸Ҳ֮С
ʿֻһеͳŽƷҩ
ͻԶԶ͹Щħսʿĸԣ̶ȣɱ˶ᱦһΪҵˣħսһɱ˶ᱦĸ߼ֵҲǻ񼶱ϵʿЩʿҶưɱһ׬ˡ
ŽƷҩȻеˣɱ鼶ħʿϾ׬ˣʮŴ縴յȴܹסһġ
۵ҲֻоƷн׵ҩڸΪ߼ľƷϽھƷ۷ĵҩҲûеܹ۵ĵزЩҩҲֻҪƵʱͲŻƣڼ۸϶ǹס
Ҳ۸˸ܣҪּҩıȻǶɽǴڵĴڣֲεʿѾ˷˼ĵزǧҩõóġ
׬ŽҩҲһֱڸпʦı
ȴƲƲ죬ҩ֮оŲ϶ѾӵеˣֻҪȼŶô
ЩҩȡһһЩ鱦鱦Ļ͸ˣܼ۸ֻҪҵ˾͹ͽİٶҩһֱȥˡ
˷ۣͲҾЩҩˡ
үҩƲסĻһ屯ˡҡҡͷ
СүһںôһҩٶʮСүҶںһ
Ҳ֪˵滰Ĵ﷨֮еĲƸ²٣һЩϡеı֮пܳԽ͡


865 ʤ
һĵ̿ɲһ궼ʿܱȵġ
˵ͽ鱦;鱦Ƕûʲôġ
ħս֮һǿķ͵ҩͬҪļֵܹһЩƷʲ鱦Ͳˡ
͵Ѿǿ˼ޣһžʮ컯Ѿ̥ˡ
⡶ĺôûмޣֻҪһֱɱôܲϵĽֻٶȻܶࡣ
ȴںٶǿһһ㣬˭Ҳ֪ħʲôвʵǿһ־ǿһ֡
İŽƷҩ⼸áһʱ䣬ͻˣЩҩƷ鱦һƷ鱦
Щ鱦ļֵҪİҩһЩǿǵħսԼ۸һЩ뻹ܹġ
ֽ鱦գתֵ֮ǵ鱦ͻΪһѷĩ
⡭ʲôô棿Ŀ͵˫֣ǿ鱦ģҲҪһܻٻֻһ¡
͵һЦҪѧĻһԽġ
⡶Ȼ棬ȴҲʲôܣ֮кܶӵһ׷ֻⷨĴʵ̫޴֮һ׷ָ
ԭľǺųǮġЦҡҡͷ
һŹһ֮ҲУȴûûбԭ򣬾ĵԴ̫ˣһҲܾܵġ
Ʒ鱦ô̵ʱ֮㽫һŹ൱ߵľˡ͡
ɣԼ֪˶ٵıˡʼ
ͨͶ֪˶ˣ鱦¶ǧˣһм鱦һҵ֮š
˵ֻǸ飬Чȴʮ߰ǧҵ鱦ˡ
֪ĻҪͰܼˣ鱦ɡ
ʦ׬ȡƸٶȣ⡶ǡôһ׬ĺݣһĵĺݡ
ܿ죬͵ħսϴˣʿӿһ̣ʱ͵ĲƸͬѩһԽԽֱɢȥһЩ鱦ܵ˵϶ѹ²Ƹġ
֮Ӧģ͵ʵȴһȶٶţŹȥ꣬;Ѿ糹ȹ
ι˵ոմʤħնķᰡ˷ܵĿ͡
йϵôʲôִƵ֮Ͱһۡ
֮ʱܷѾǼֲˣҲʦ֪ζʲôֻеʦ
νӴɽˣǼᶨҪ͵ľģȻ͵ÿһͿ¯վһԡ
͵ַѧϰһҩǰڴ˵ҲǼΪҪģʹĺܺãʲôҩҪʲôĴܸõںϣЩͶûӴɽ
ӴɽѧϰԼǧлҪãʱص϶ܽѾʦˣܹĵ伮Ҳ˲١
Ӵɽȴᣬ֮Щ伮ԶԶȲ͵Դֻ̣ôĽߴʮĻʦ⡣
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ôûйϵһЩ߲׼һսõսƷóأ˵ħŮء˷ܵ˵
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ҩǽ̸ӴɽģӴɽҲûʧĲûʲôСֽš
ʲô˼ǿȥģ鱦ҲмģĲԲġˣ֮ǮľˣͲȥĻȥҲûʲôð
˵ÿζǽõĲƸĶˣǿʱҲܷÿһ¯ҩһŻųս﷨֮еġ
ֱ֪ЩҩȻǷͬѰ
ǵǿȥ͵˵ͷ
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泳ʲôȥһյĹ;˳
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Ȼô˵֮пǹȥˣ͵ٶȶҪʱ䣬ɼһöҩȷǲˡ
֮˽ʱС
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Ʒ鱦ǶǶɽٵǿ˵ûжٵˣһЩͻ񾳽ʿԸ֣һǻͱһڵʿʮһƷɾļ۸ˡ
һʿֱ̨ҲǲһЩ˼ߵļ۸񣬵ҲһЩ̫ʽ
ҪʮħŮޣһĻһƵ֮ڣʮɫŮ²֮С
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һ縴յҪֵƷɾΪĽһͷˣڳʿûô
ʹһһŴ縴յµͬʱһͷ˵ҲƯ
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飬һ뵽ǸŮӣһʹ
úôţһҾħ硣ʹһͷˡ
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֪;Ȼ׼ȥұħ۵鷳Ļ϶ΪͷˣħۣΪ죬;ǴʿҲԶԶһħ۵Ķ֡
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ٺһЦʳɫҲӦ
ҿеġӴɽǿЦá
һҲֻԸҧĽ֡ں˵


867 СѾͷ
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ܣ״û绹ѵġһƭҵӡ
Һ½ʶģȻ׾ͷħ磬Һ硣˵
ȻǲͣеĻɸûɢȥ
ˣСһ˵Ҳûã㻹Ǻúɡһ㣬һǿֱӳ˱˵ڣƲȺڱڵĽƳ䡣
ҪܣĴӪħһȥͻᱻɱˡһϵסҪܵıˡ
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ζأȻϲֻûзȫġһʹļ׵ӡ
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óɶ꼶ģʮģѾͷħħ۵ŮҲָܵƷʵ
ϲʲôҿ԰ġ͵һЦ
ģѾͷһϲǺܿ;Ŀ͡
ôңֻǿ϶ѡεҡҡͷѾͷ̫ˡ
ҪǸѾͷûпʲôͽ˳
һöƷ۷ĵҩĵҩǾӦħˡһᣬֱӳһŴ縴յƷ۷嵤ҩ˹
Ǹ˵˭ôõҩ֧
Ʒ½׵ҩƷ۷嵤ҩɵ˰ɡ
ֱӽһöҩ˦ѾͷҲⵤҩʲôô
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ѾͷȻûи״ĴӪħǿ߰ҹħҲδӴοһ֪ħۡ
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һԵĶôζģɩŮȻôɵСƲƲ졣
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һ縴յֵʮƷɾֵԶԶһ׽еʿͲܹһеĴ縴յ
ãɽһЦһ׬ˣɾȣħսʿԸѡҩ
ͺĽһ׷ɽȻ鱦ȴҲֻƷ鱦ʮƷɾҲǲˣ۸ԶԶһ׷ɽļ۸ˣһƷ鱦Ҳǲˡ
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ҩԲڴУ
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аŰɡ˵
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ġʼ
ңҼţҲҪһõҩ˵ĸое˵
֮ǰǸһƿҪԼҡҡҡͷ
һ㶣ʲôһƿȻǴ縴յ㲻˵
㲻ʡ
˷ۣһŴ縴յ˭Ҫ
ֲͺ޲һŰȥ
ˬѹִ˲ƣģõҩ˵ĸоɾˬˡЦ˵
ҵڲŷԭһӵܡҡҡͷ
Уѵóһ£ɽ֮пɲȻ϶ҪЩϼһ˵νʼ
ҲֻΪɽ֮б̫ܵˣѵлȻҪһˡ
ʦˣҾǲǸˣҩǳ̫ĻǾͲֵǮˡӴɽǵ˵
ģҩʹһңû˿Ƴô൤ҩĵҩг̫Ӱ졣ЦЦ
ƵĵҩǶ࣬ҲûжൽԸıгĵز
ҵҩֶǳģһžͲҪˡ
ܼӰһƿҩȥֻ֮ǻ˼Ʒ鱦ҪҩʱֱӲǳ׿ܼˡ
ҲҪСѾͷȻСҲ֪ҩĺôҲóô൤ҩ
Щ˵˻Ǹʦʦħ֮ҲǼٵġ
СѾͷĸȻһħۣȴҲûʸһʦύġ
Ҫ٣ͺͰʵ
ʮţţСѾͷһʼֻ֣Ǿ̫ˣͽĿһ롣
͵˵ͷֱӴ֮зһָֻװ˼ٿŵҩ͵ݸСѾͷ
ƽΪʲô͸ҪͲﲻƽˣͻֵأôȲһոʶħСѾͷ
УϴĶӵĻҪʲôϴҲʲôССѾͷļϲмƲƲ졣
ֲ͵Ůһ
˭˵ģھǣͺһ
ɣŮһ㶡
ǣŲǣҸʿǱħۣŲءСѾͷʱˡ
ͿЦҡҡͷҾôϲ
Ҳϲ㡣СѾͷƲƲ졣
ҲգСѾͷǿ飬˵ֻദ˼ʱȴСѾͷһĪĺøУ·ǰԼŮһ
ʦСѾͷĴ۾͡
ʲô֣شңҲܸ㡣Ц˵
ҽб˵ǲʦʵ
ǣʦ͵˵ͷ
ҿԹһҩǱꡣ͸ĵҩ˳
ԣҪҼꣿЦչһҩ
ҿֵ㲻ɵ˰ɡ󾪡
ӡ֮ͿǺ侲ҲǺгǸˣôһСѾͷͷɵأ


869 ҩ
ͰһִۣĿűһӣ۱˵Ӧˡ
һ꣬һòãҪħȥΪβһָ
鲡ˣüͷһ塣
һñΪͲͬ⣡
ʮ꣬ʮֻ꣬ҪʮͺˡæĿڡ
һһ꣬һˣҾͺȥħ򡣡ıԴ
鲡ˣô˵ʲôҲȥħһˡ
ιɵˣǿħ磬ȥͷʣ¡𾪺
зִ硣ҡҡͷѾ¶ˣ˵ʲôȥġ
Ү㿴ô𡣡ЦĿ͡
εЦЦʲôʱˡ
һεȥĶһЩЩʿõıȻƷǺЩеıﻹر
ǰһµʱ䶼Щɢ̨óıļֵҲǼΪޣⶥҲʮƷɾļ۸񣬲һö縴յļֵ
Ե㣬һ֮Ѿнǧ̨ˣǰǰֲʮΣÿһζһö縴յ͸㶨ˡ
ҲҲֻһǰ˰ˣͷϷողҪʼܹõóɢѾϵĲˣЩеıˡ
Щļ۸֮ǰȿԨ֮ˣһŴ縴յ֮ǰκһҪԽıһŴ縴յ¾Щˡ
ԴҲ׼˵֮ǰƳһöҩƾ֮еĵҩûжٱòµġ
ãҲûɢ̨֮ʱż֮һڻཻţЩȨһϡ
һʿõɣӴָ֮ȡһһֱôС
鱦Ӵ򿪵һɲǣʿ̲ס˳
鱦ϵĵһ࣬ͶЩ죬ͬ˾ȻôУһ鱦
׻ɥŽ˽ħʿɱ˰׻ʿ֮ȡħħƶɣħ鱦֮ҲŵϺŵģǿһҵ鱦
Ϳһν֮ЦЦ£⽣ԭȵడ
̲ס˷ۣȡЦң
ûǸ˼ֻ뿴鱦ܸṩپ͵һЦ
׼ʮƷɾʿºϣ˼۸
ʮһ顣
ʮ顣
Ŵ縴յ͵˵
̨ʿǰһڴ֮ǰ̨ʱͱλʦֵĻڼ۸ʵ֮Ҫ
֮ͬвȱɾǶڵҩȴǺܴ
һŴ縴յļֵʮƷɾңŵĻѾ׻ɥŽˣ
ɽƷ֮ʿ̨Ŵ縴յ͵˿еż֮С
ҩԳ㣬Ǵ縴յ֮еľƷһǲʿһЦ
ȷǲǺ֮ǰǼ׵ʿȣͿˡ
ͲʲôһŴ縴յʹֻƷɾļֵȻһŴ縴յȡ
׻ɥŽһ֣;תһ鱦Ϊ˴ľһյĹ׻ɥŽͳױһѷĩ
ٻҽһ߹Ǹһ顣͵˵ͷ
˵֪⡶һżǮķţҲ֪˼Ϊľ硣
û뵽;Ȼôһ鱦˵ɾˡ
鱦Ҳô࣬˵һ㣬Ҳʿı͵׻ɥŽƺ鱦ǿ١
鱦ϻҲǵɱһģһ㶼óʾ˵ġ
һ鱦ҪŴ縴յҵǸͬʮŴ縴յҩģ͸Ū鱦һûкءͺһ
ιιôҲһܶҲҪһѵġֱ׳Ŀͣ·ûؿӦġ
ͳһĶЩΡ
ֵ֮ƽô֪࣬Щ˵Ǿţһëģ˵ˣΪҪŪô౦һ򵥵鰡Ц˵
͵ĽӴ֪ʹͲѵҩЩϣ˵һЩϡҩĹע̶ҪԶԶƳĸ߽׵ҩҪߵĶ࣬ҲһŴ縴յȥȡЩֵҪԶԶҩˡ
һҲǿ֮ͬаɣͻȻʵ
ǰһΪ壬֮ͬпžصĵλǡ
ˣҲ֪֮ͬжôĵλֻһһæͿ̨µĽף⼸ֶһЩƷҩЩҩͷϵġ
ʲôæЩϼһɲƽװæġΪѵĿ˿͡
æĻķΧ֮һ漰ЩϼһĻĲұ֤ʲôˡ
һ൱ߵıġƺϵ˻ôһش
ŶǵǿЩϼһģ㹻ıĻӦûǿԵġ˵ͷ
һٿžƷ½׵ҩҪʲô㿪ڡ˵
ôֱʣһٿžƷ½׵ҩЩϼһҲҪˡ˵ͷѾ㹻Щϼһˡ
Ҫʲôʵ
ͨħͨһ
һԵıʱǰһصħ磬Щһֱ顣
˼ǣҪǽפħսħ֮пһ·ˣһ̰
͵˵ͷ
ǡǡ̫ˣһٿžƷ½׵ҩЩϼһҲͬġҡҡͷ
ҪôˣôħսϱȻһȷѪ꣬ʤ˻ãǽǱһǰʤҪʤǰأһʧͲˡ
ÿһٿšͲûж˵ʲô
һЩϼһֻܾΪͿĳ벻ֻҪټӴɡ
˻֪ͼҵ׵ʱҲ̲סһÿһٿžƷ½׵ҩһ֮еϼһʮħսҪǧžƷҩˡ
һӵôƷҩҪһЩҲԶ಻ȥ
ǣһģ갡Ҳжʱ䰡ôϻӵ˶ĵҩ
ɻǲɣֻҪһ𰸡
ھ͹ȥһ¡ڲǧžƷ½׵ĵҩģһҲҪĶˡ
ôĵҩҲ·Ǹոʶһ㡣
ҩֵǮĶˡ͵һЦ
԰ϴĵҩѵþͺɽһ㵱ҲԲġСӺŵ˵
˵С⻰пŵĳɷڣҲʵʱ֮еĵҩѾǶѻɽˣСƽʱǵǶĥġ


870 ȥħ׼
һż֮УǱ߻һɵת֮ͱޱȵһһжΪĵ塣
ʲôһһٿžƷ½׵ҩһʿͻȻ
Ϣʵ̫ˣƷ½׵ҩһȷв٣ЩȴҲֻôţһһٿžƷҩɾҲƽ
壬㲻ҪôҪһġЦһ
Լʵȷǿе嶯ˣҲǰĴ绹кܴĲġ
ҲǣҪΪٳһͨħĵ·ɲʲô򵥵顣ʿҲ侲һٿžƷ½׵ҩȷˣҲôõġ
ôʶôһģһصǿ߿ʮλģÿһٿҲҪǧžƷ½׵ҩϻô൤ҩ𣿡ʿʵ
˵ͷһǿŵģǵʷΪʦֶ⼸ҲһֱԱߵģȷǷͬһ㡣ʦ˵ԼǧžƷҩֶţ˵Ļֶţ
ʿһΪҲ֪ЩħսʲôҪûǰߵĻͰͻȥˣŴ㾹Ȼҵħսˡ
ƲƲ죺㲻Ҳ͵ħսЩ㲻һǺúõģ
һҴӦˣһٿžƷ½׵ҩÿټʮžƷн׵ҩ
壬۰ʮžƷн׵ҩѾԶԶһٿžƷ½׵ҩļֵˡһҲԼӡ
ԼȷռͲٵıˣҲֻռԼĶҪռ͵ıҲǲеġ
ҶռıҲ̫ˣԼ߿Ҳûôݵġ
ĳ̶ֳ˵ڼʡ
ҿ壬ҵı˶Ҫռ
ҵķҲϰЦЦ
ѣɵĿ
ٰͦͦء
ôҪסʿ̲סʵ
У㲻ҡм˵
ԣСͻȻʶкԼӡ֮еȫһˡ
ƺҲʶ˲ԣ̫ˣڶǰԼıԱ¶ˡ
㶼Ǹϵɵˡļ
ЦЦƲɢˣɾǿߣһҲôܵġ
ͿһЦ˷̸ۣˣ
ҳȻˡԵõǰһ«˳ԼĴ֮С
޳ҲѾǼֲˣҲúƽһ«ơ
Ҷ˵ˣһٿžƷ½׵ҩҪټʮžƷн׵ҩ˵
Ŷ˶ٻؿۣͿһۡ
࣬ҲǡͻȻ͡
ûؿ۵Ҳľϵˣƺıԡ
۸ҲԽܣǱ뽫ħ֮У֮Ͳǲˡ˵꣬;˦Ŵ縴յһҩ
ģһ˵һ˵ˣҲһˣǲԼ˵ġظ
ӵľԼˡͷ˷ۡ
͸һĵҩȷǻ˽ˣҲֻǸɨһˣĵҩա
ˣҪȥħܴܲңͻȻ뵽ʲô
㣿ȥħʲôҿɲʱһ׷ɱҡҡͷ
ħɲģԱŲŸҽȥģһ֮еĵλһǿ֪ħ磬ǻҪƤ
ʦˣҲȥӴɽʱҲ֡
֪֪ħΣգʵ
֪ͬĻش
ǻҪȥ
Ϊȥ㲻װġٺһЦ
ʦħҲǺϡȱģħʿʦҲǺܾصģҩʦҲǽħ磬õħħ۵Ӵɽɱ׶ˣʦĳƺħ綼ܳ㣬ԽħǵʲôΣգܵħ롣
Ψһͻפħսħһı֤֮Ҳˡ
Ҫħǲܵ飬ħ֮пٳһ·˵ܹ쵽ġ
˵ûҸҲʦѾãֻҪȥħұ֤Ҹʲ˺ǵġ˵
ں⼸˵Ľ̸֮УʱʱĶöҩ·ıҩ
鱦ֱˣҩ֮ľֱӶִ֮ĽѣһҲ˴ִš
һɲ˰һħ۵彣֮ǿʮǿ߲ŽѹƷ֮߿һǧҵ鱦һ泤ֱ˺Ǻķ˾ݶ
ǿĻ棡ǰһһȷǲһǧ鱦ҲǺѷɫ
ħ۵彣ħ۲ɼħ֮ϰֻ澭ʱɣͬСɣ׼һŰƷɾ
ڳˡ˷ܵĿһ泤
ȷʵǺý۾ҲŹâ
ֹâҲİÿһμ鱦ʱͶӣҪ鱦ΪԼķǵΪɡ
֪ôһ鱦Ͳһۡ
Ҷ˵ģʮǿϴħۣѹһħ۽⣬Ծ˳ѵõƽ֡˵
һŰƷɾ۸֮ǰ鱦ħ彣Ҳֵ۸
ܿ۸һ·ﵽƷɾĸ߼ۡ
ʮŴ縴յ
ʶʦȻͬ죬ѾϰٿŴ縴յˣȻĶ嵭һЦ
һ廹Ҫһħ彣ģǺһʦȻǲǵģο֮һֻһʴҪϵȻǲΪһħ彣ֽˡ
֮һʽףһɲһħ彣ܹȵġ
ʮö縴յ൱ŰƷɾˣ۸񲻿νߡ
ƷɾټʮƷɾ
üͷһּӼ۷ʽѾֲˣϾеʿôɾףҪϸġ
ʮŴ縴յͼӼۡ
ҡż֮Ҳû
ôãҪôǲ֣һֶ־ڱصõģӶټ۸񶼻Ū֡
֮ǰҪͺݺݵķһѪҲɵӣڰѼ۸̧һĳ̶ֱ֣֮ʱļ۸ѾǳƷֵʮͻȻӶʣˣԴ֮Ҫ;ҲΧ֮ڣ˭Ҳ֪ͻ᲻ôһ¡


871 ʦĺ
һЩʿҪССĳԿһ£΢̧һ¼۸񣬲Щ̧͵ĵҩǰҲԵ̫԰ףһħ彣ʮŴ縴յļ۸
ˣϵĴ縴յٶŴ縴յϻӻһա
һɽɫĻ͵Ŀڱ֮һħ彣ܵҪѣǱץУá
Ϳڱ֮ĽɫѸٵİһħ彣
ħ彣ȻǼֿһ֮еĻ澡ɳֵ͵Ľ۷ףʱż¶
ҲǡǡҪģЩһ֣;кŽ۷׽ϰֻȥ
ûпɣôҲħ۵彣Щħ֮ҲͷģȻôɾͱˣʵЩԼһĻ
ԼĪһյĹ򣬽۷׾ͳ׽ֻҲʼһħ彣
һͰʱĹų׽ħ彣ɣľ͵˫۴ϡ
͵ҲǼӲޱȣ÷ȥҲκεˡ
һѹᱦʲô
ǴôãӦöıЩ˽ˡ
˵һҩһᡣ
ҩʲôҩܹΪѹıһ㶡
ǻҹǸҩ
ҹƷߵģȴһֵ꣬ȻǲԶϡΪ󣬻һѹһҲ͵ġ
㲻ҪһҩȤǿһ嶼׼ֵģûлġ˵
ЦЦɲһ
ϵĵҩùˣ㻹ʲô򰡡һۡ
˭˵ҵҩùˣֻƷ縴յõ˶ѡ͵Ц
㡭ʱ
͹Ȼ˦һƷ縴յһöƷյֵʮöƷ縴յ֮ҲǸܻӭ
ͬɾǿ߶׼֮ʶһ˵֮еʦ֤ϵĵҩɲ٣ƷҩŪˣǻһЩҲ򼸿ŹƷҩǿġ
˵ŪƷҩҪƷҩһЩʹƳʱƷֻҪһţûͱƷˡ
ƷҩٵģƷҩΣƷҩġ
ӴɽһݵĿܹͣóôƷҩʦ֮пҲֻһλˡ
˦ٶƷ縴յ˦ʮƷ縴յŪٴûмҩŪ˲ٵ鱦
ڱҪһЩҩ֮ģҲ
ڱѾ簮ĳ̶ˣԱߵһֳ嶯Ҫѱˡ
ڱҪӦǶŮûġ
֮ãֵıļֵҲԽԽֲϰٰƷɾ
ΪʲôþƷɾǲ룬û
ƷɾʿļֵͬƷʯڷʿļֵƷɾ࣬ðƷɾһѾǼˡ
ڵȴ֮һѹᱦҲ̨ˡ
ħʥҹħ޼ܹ֮һʱ֮ڽҹħɵʿһﾪˡ
ҹħΪˣǿħһħۣħһǿߣпħһǿߣǿߵ¾Ҫʤ󲿷ɾǿˡ
ⲻ֪ͽǷһΰҹħ۵ľѪͽͻƾ磬ﵽ˵Ѫľ磬һξѪӵ˿ֲǰҹħ޼أ
ҹħɵҲѹ޼Ϊһѹᱦ
Ƕһö޼ȴûʲôȤ
ҪҩҪܹܹ֮ģ޼ǰҹħͨطʹ͸µģֻǲ֪Ϊʲôôùһö޼ûü¾ͱնɱˡ
Ͳںһö޼еںܿһö޼Ѿ̧ٿƷɾĸ߼ۣһĿռ䡣
һö޼һٿƷɾĿֲ۸ˣǻһľš
ǶͻЩż֮еǿⲻһʼˡ
Ҳû뿪Ĵ㣬ƽż֮еȴЩǿߵĵš
壡֮е𿴵ԼĶǵһżĲһ
һʴһˣҪһ޼ҪǿĶࡣ
ܿ죬壬ˮ壬ľ壬壬ǿٽžһ壬壬һǿߣһٶǿߣżˡ
ҵȼʦˡ
͵˵ͷλĳ޷ǿĳһĳҲҪλһĳ
ʦʲôǲҵԸЧȮ֮͡ǻǿߣ˺ڵΪ֮㲻ʲô壬˵Ȼǲһôе
ǿȻЩʿķԣҲûгԺǳ⣬Ҫ˵͵ĻǾ͵òʧˡ
Ҵħ硣͵һЦ
ʲôħ磿ѵҪҵȽħ磿һʱʿ̲ס˳
˵ǶҪ飬ħôˣ˭ûѹ˭ҪħǼǲܵ顣
ֻΪҴһͨħͨҡҡͷ
ô˵ŵüͷչ
ʹȻһ£Ҫħ֮дһ·ҪĴۿɲС
³֮ڳ˶ɵõһöƷ½׵ҩĳļޣλвĻôˡ
һöƷ½׵ҩһʿ֮⣬ڳʿ޲һ
ʱĶ忴ԽԽ˳ֶۣһʿһĺô
û뿪ɽôЦһǧѷĻᣬƷ½׵ҩɲôõģҪħصħͨҲҪƴµʿȻƴġ
Ȼˣĳ׼ĵҩԸλħսҲ
зɳһֻֻЩ֮жװһٿžƷ½׵ҩȻƷģҲ廨ŵġ
ֵһʱֻ˦һֻѡ
Ķüͷһ壬˵һӵʮǿģֻһʲô˼
ǵʶ봢֮еʱɫ䣬ƷĵҩȻʮǶƷҩ
öŽƷʮöŽƷͳͳƷҩ
꿴һۣ֪һλʦǿķϲŸ
ʦģҵϾʿһ±ضܴһͨ
ĵ˵ͷͲʦĺһεֱʵЩֲħսʿ


872 ͻħ
һȥĵҩöǵ֮еǼϼһҲҪľöƷҩֵϵĴˡ
֮;ͻصӴɽĵ̣л͡
Ķһ֮⣬ʿȫ˱Ÿ
ӴɽʵĳΪһκʿǰ棬Ӵɽ˵ʦĴڶҪչزƵĵҩǱضǷͬһ㣬пǴ˵֮еĵҩô˴أ
ʦħսȻĵλЩѾﵽɾǿҲܶӴɽǿֻܴظ
֮ǰһöƷϽ׵ҩӦԲʱ֮裬ڿƺЩˣһѹᱦﾹȻ޼ͶԴ˻ûʲôȤ
һͱչز׼ʲôҩ׼úʿ֪ǣڼĶ֮;ʹűȥˣȻ֮ųȥġ
Ϊ֮ɾǿҲδܿó
ѱ忪ˣ;Ϳˡ
ָоҲֻСʱԵˮʱй
ʶ𣿡ôദͶԱȷǺõ̫ˣ϶֮ǰǺûκνġ
һͷˡ͵һЦ
ô֪׿˵ˣֻи֪ġԾĿ͡
ͰЦô᲻֪ı֮ɵġ
ϣϾܼˡͰοű
ܸо⼸ͬ˴ʿǰߣȻҪ׼ħһսˡ
Щ²ʿõϢҲֻҪʤ׷ħʿ״һϳȥ
֪һսĿȴҲֻҡҡͷӹŵڷ绹磬һеĶֻЩ߲㣬Щ²ҲǷˡ
ħĵͼ𣿡Ϳ˿
ûУҼǵãħﲻԶģҶǵ·ġƤЦЦ
ҲǣǱħ̫ңԶĻҲܱһս֮У²ˡ
űǵмεҡҡͷȥЩмԺ񵤵ʱҲСһ㣬ƯͲƯˡ
Ƶĺ̫óˡЦ˵
νĺ񵤣ǵı֮ʵϻбϵҩƶɵ鵤ֻƷϽ׶ѣȻẔ́ԪǿϵĹЧͽⵤҩƳҲΪⵤҩζϲˡ
һٶǵСһĲˬҪ֪ŪʵһʱˣͿɴûаƳɺ񵤵ġ
Դһֱ֮Ƶҩֻҡҡͷ˳Сһݡ
һ壬ѧͨԹܹ֮Ҳʲôֵ飬ЩһֱһħĲ
ħĲǿԶԶԤϣôȥȻûг
ҲԽ̨֮ҲԽǾˡ
óҲ̫ܳ࣬ЩȥףӦҲϲġһָװ˲ٱϵ鵤
Ȼܹô൤ҩһЦ
ֻҪԣ廹ƸĵҩԴűעһʮ֮ȥĶͷһӡʱʱ֡
һӡ֮з͵ȫһһɷͬСɣں˿֮͡ǧܽϽУȫһǴ˺ʿҲҪεʿҲ赲á
ҲΪ˱Ĵʩ̰棬˭ܱ֤Ժ󶼻ԹԵĴڱħ֮Уʮ˵Ҳܱ֤Σյʱ򲻻ûԱ
ιǻ䣬嶼ѾˡĴʯͻȻ
ϻ˱Сһ˸ͳߡ
ôˣѵѾʼˣͲĿǸꡣ
ռεˣռ֮Ѿ¯ľˡЦ
ǰǰ˵¯ࡣǫЦЦ
ʲôǰǰģֵܣĶ壬㲻ĻҲԽҶ壬Ҳˣ㲻ˡʿЦ
Ͳˣ塣Ц
ͶˣһôĺôȻҪľˡĿǰѾħϿڲʳħʿҲûϵǻעһôһʱ䶼ҴˡʿЦ
ôȥˣܴħϿָģһսǰˣҲʷˡ
Ȼˣ罫ʿӦõõͣЩҩǰƵģѾòˣǶЩǺ徳ʿõġͽ֮ЩƷƷƷҩȫ˳һ²ʮ֮Ʒռ˴롣
ֶǺֶΣʦ֮۵ҩ㵱һʿ̾һ
Щҩ˵Ʒʵ̫ˣвٶƷҩֵ͸ˡ
һҩΪȻʿܹ߰һսȹħϿԱҲˡ
һ֮ʤնɱħħսһǰħͨҲǧľˡ
ǧѹ˵ģħǿԴԴϵ֧ԮҪƿϼѡ
Щǿûбʤͷԣһ̱ϾֻΪڻͽħ磬ĺħƴƣڵսѾ㹻Ժˡ
״̬һ֮ͺʮλǿߵڻ֮ԽħϿֱħ硣
ͬʱҲʼһħ硣
飬ҪԽҪʮħͬͬ⡣һֲϢֱӳͱ
ʮĶңһ֮ͻȻһǿߣʮħۡ
һ̫ϳϣʵҶҲǼǿġָָһʮħۻսһǿߡ
ʳһֻﵽ˰ɵͻȻ֣Ҫħսˣһڽʮħȥ
ۣȥ˲䣬ʮħ۾ͱ˳
ʵ£̫ϳȻǲİʮħȥֻ谭һʮħ۰ˡ
ǽ˸Ѿӽħˡ
飡һֲ
ǿȫӳһƣ˲ͱ˺顣
ڣ˭Ҳʥ磡һֳֳǹʿħڡ
ǰҹħʮħ֮һǹҹħĶɫһ
סĶָǿߵסħ
ħ֮ǿȻҪǿǰȥ赲ɼҹħµǿҲǷͬһġ
ֻ͵ˣץסʱȥҺ𡭡
ʲôʿ󾪣ȻѾͳħ硣
ȥϵ˵һȥħˡ
㡭һᱻ˵ġһ£ʮ׼ȥ׷ǵĴǿĳࡣ
ǸͻزͷһͷͻᱻǿΧסֻ·һ
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873 ħ
ڵĽ۷׺ԥͷſ˰ڣͬһŻħ֮кֱײ
κο۷׵ʿ˲㱻ֲ¶ȻΪҽ
ɨϣͽһ䣬ɲǼâЯŽ۷׺ħڡ
ǰ֧Ԯħʿ˲ͱЩâնɱ
ಣ𣬽һһ˫ͻȻչ˫һˣ˳ħ֮С
ɱħǿŭˣȻʿͻˡ
ҪͷҲҪܴǲУǿҲǺʾһڿײ
ͻħ֮͵ʩչռΣ׷˦
գգһոһĻͲ亹ֱ֮£һҲᱻħʿˡ
Сҿһ㶼µġӵĿһۡ
˷ۣϻֵһֱ㣬ë
ͻָһĵոûκεıǿֶζʩչ˳Ҳ۵ĳԲ
ħжԶָʵ
ﻹ·̰ɡҲȷʱˣûע⵽˶Զ
͵˵ͷʩչ˼ռΡ
ڵĴεʱΧĿͻȻñ䣡
ˣˣǰһ̫ϤˣǱħ
˵ôħ򣡡ͻȻһͷɵı˳
ңң˷ܵĽ
ǻˡһͷͻȻ任һʮҵŮӣȻ۽˼ƣǿǷ̴档
ˣ̿ͺ
ġ
û˵꣬Ͼö׶
ͺֻǿЦһһ׶ڿһɵʱͱһɻڻǸɴˣһ׶ֱʧˣҲ֪ŵĸռȥˡ
һ壡ɫ䣬һǴ壬ʵͬһ㣬ԶԶһҪǿ
̣ҵѣѣ󼱣͵ǰɲ
͵ı󣬳űһ
ѣôѣüͷһ塣
ħ֮ѾһƬ֮أʿľʣ
ʵħʿûʲôֻͬϢЩͬʿϢħ֮пֻ࣬С⣬ֻҪ죬ͻϢͬˡ
ҳȥ汻ץסˣѩҲΪҶսˡ̲ס
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ģǸʦŶǵ͵֡
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ʥʦָʦֻһλǱҹħ˰ҹ۹ǱħҲ붯һʦƵҩڱħǿʦҲһʦʦ㲻ϡ
絤Ļһʦʦū͵ʸûС
ʦħǿĸԭΪ˵һʦҡųϵʦѵ
㲻ᱻƭ˰ɣôôʦһĲš
ο͵;Բᳬһ꣬ôᣬܸʲô
ģϵĵҩܶģҵĵҩֱǽ͸ĵҩ˳
̿ЩҩƤֱƷЩҩȻǼΪƷҶǾƷϵĵҩ
ħ򷭹ҲҲô߽׵ҩ
ʶħβġСĵĽЩҩ
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ʦʹǰҹħ۶мӣħʲôʸһʦʹʦ֮ˣȴȻܹõǵӡ
죬ħۣʦá̼æͷħǰȥ
ЩڷҫĹħﾹȻֻһĴڡ
а壬ħ֮һЩϡŹֵҲʲôֵ顣
ʦ룬ħ͵̵ʱޱȵĹ
ǰһֺĺ⹬Ķһͷ޴ıչ߷ɡ
ǻˡһЩʿһѱס˱
ôɫһ䣬Ҫꡣ
䣡ˬⲻ֪֮ͻȻһɾ˲ͱɣǶ˱֮С
Ҳϲ㣬ֺҸҲûáһ͵ı
ҹӡ֣̾ҹӵǱ˱֮У϶ѪʱѾǳˣҹӿҹħ۵ĶӣĻҹ۾ԻԱħ򱨸ǿǱħܲġ
ͬΪħҲǿ֣֮ҹħ֮Ϊģħۻڵ׵ģҹħ۾Ҫȱħǿ١
һȭͽҹӴðɰŵòᡣ
˾ˣαصǡһЦԱĶǻòͷˡ
ʦ㲻֪ҹӵĸ׿ҹħۣʵɲ⡭Ŀɬ
Ҳħۣѵɣ졣
εЦЦ㸸ʵȷҲֻ룬Ϊħˣؼҳ
أһûмءʵ
ۺǰǰҹ۹ˣ˵ҹħټħǰСʧ٣ħļ٣ֻɵۺˡ˵
Ҫʲôʱʵ
໹ҪɡҲȷ
̫ˣôһܳȥأһʿһ
ʣϲ˹ȥסʿ
ˣˣʲҪˣԴˣⲻǻ𣿡ʿĻ
ʿħüͷһ塣
ʿħ籾һϡ飬˼Ȼûκεıʾ
ΪԼʦݣȫûбҪͽħۣѹûаħ۷ĸаվ
ħۣλʦͻȻԼ֪ʦ֡
ԶԶԣ壬ġ˷ܵ˵
ŶʦħƤһ
ħۣҵȽħֻΪѰһЩϡҩҺͱһʣħšһɡ
ܲ˵ҵδޣδ޵İɣô˵ˣǱħۿ϶ҪʬεģȻȥˣôȥҲûʲôϵҪȵһ鶼Ū
ʲôʦȫǷƨħһСʿЦһ


874 ѹħ
ֻгһߵʿ̬ȴޱȵţ·ħ۶һ㡣
ɳʦ˵˲ʦں٪˵ʱ򣬱ħҲ𾴡
Ȼɲô򵥣ʦ˵ҪʮУδܹʲô֮٪Цһ
ǿŰ׳һ٪壬˵ֻ֮Ҳ˵óڣ͵ҩʦǾ̾ѣһССʦ͸ڳԣôдĶ֪
ħ۵˵ͷŮģǶһʦͻȻ˱ħһħۻǲš
ħҲôһλʦɼλ֮ߣħҲڵ׵Ĵڣûʸ
ֻǵһЦСһﶼܼ
˵ʦĹĵĿǸ٪塣
СҪѹڵƾͱõҵİٽⵤֵҩ֮⣬ҲֻʦܹƣȻ˵ʦôһöٽⵤһʦ˵ٽⵤͲɡ٪ٺһЦ
ٽⵤ͵ȤˣħĵҩɲôϤʹͬһֵҩȫһ
ǰٽⵤǰƷн׵ҩÿһö޼֮٪ǵŪԼĵⵤҩ
ۣһѪ٪ϣƷн׵ҩȻǰŪ
һУһŰٽⵤС
ٽⵤ֮оȻõ𲶾ݣɫһ䡣
𲶾һְƷ۷ݣо綾־綾Ծ綾һһĻڣһ۵һڵ𲶾ͻᱬҲûʲôֶܹ𲶾ѹȥ
ٽⵤ֮ڵ𲶾ûҩͣ𲻵ԶãֻΪĶۻڡ
ⵤҩҡҡͷ
ôҾ֪Ǽðģ˸ɱ٪ٻҾҪ¡
ΧʿһۣʱЩʿʹľֲɷѹƵǶá
Ȼٽⵤ棬λʦ̷һŸҿͽٽⵤݵ٪ǰ
٪ҡҡͷ
ôٽⵤβҩһЦ
ǡΪۺƵģҵʲʺϣ˻дġ٪˼վ˱ħ۵
ŶԭˡЦЦһΣͻȻ٪һ٪˿һŰٽⵤ˳ƹ˽ȥ
ȿȿȿȡȿȿȣ٪岻ͣĸŻϣܹһŰٽⵤ³
㣬̫ˣħۺһһӣ͡
ħۣȰ㻹ǲҪֱȽϺãǵۺʱѾ𲶾ˡͺһ۷һıʱͻΪһ̲ѩˮ
ʲôħ۴󾪡
һ٪壺٪ڰٽⵤ֮мһζҩ𲶾ݣÿһŰٽⵤ𲶾ͻڵۺۻֻҪٿŵۺɡ
ƾʲôҪ㣬ɳʦҺѣǿϲΪۺưٽⵤѹƵġħȻš
ȻˣĿԴɡЦһֱӽ٪ĴָǿʶĨȥӡǡ
һöָ֮һжʮŰٽⵤǼ𲶾ݵĶһԵĹ٪ڡ
ʮŰٽⵤڲ𲶾һӿ٪ڣЩ𲶾һ˲ܽһڵʿ

Ͻһһ̴٪ð
̣٪徹Ȼʼʴ͵˫֣н⻤壬һ˫ֺпܾͻᱻôʴ
ֲľ綾
٪һһĸţȳҺ彫Ƴɵĵ港ʴһ׵Ĵӡ
ǱħҲǱǰһĻˣۺõİٽⵤȻ綾
䣡˫ִһ棬ʱͽ٪帯õ廯Ϊ˻ҽ
ħۣӦ˰ɡĿħۡ
ǿǵڳѾħնɱˣʹ࣬һǧζ
ڵ𲶾Ȼûеľأ𲶾ôܵģڵ
㡭㾹Ȼɱħһ
üͷһ壬һɱֱӱ˱ħۣһʱĵĲӶҪʦ
ߣҪɱΪᣡħŭţһʦħ˵̫Ҫˣ˼Ĵ۲ʦ˱ħȻôɱˡ
ڰײ֣ħҲͷˣһӡֱѹ
ħ۱һԱֱӭһӡ
ΪʤıħһʱΪһֻҵıˣһӡѹ档
ħħۣȻһлܣʹħħ֮е׵ĴڣҲô򰡡
ˡ˷ħ۲˼Ŀһӡ⾹ȻǺ˷
Ǵɻ˴Ƶĳ͵֮Ѿۼǧˡ
֮Ѿǧ飬͵ͽЩͽΪ͵ҲΪߵڣǧ۶ˣӲĽħ۸ѹˡ
ʣ壬㲻Ҫ˺Ҹʣæ
üͷһ壬ʱ
ħۣٺڰײֵĻͱĳˡͺһ
һѹסħ֮ͶħҲ֪֪ˣȴǿҲǿޣȫܹѹס
ΪħħҲʼĴڣϾаҹħ۵ľѪħħ۵ʵǿҲ̫š
ڿʵĲɲһ㰡ħ۵ʵǵ͵úܡ
ȿȿȡһѹֱѹȥ˱ħ۰Ϊ
ҲǳǱѹ飬Ϊᱻᣬҷɢϡ
ħֻǱѹһϢĹԱӶΪ࣬ǱѹһĹĻǾֱӹˡ
һŴ縴յɡ˦һöҩȻħûκεĺøУǱϾǱĸף̫֡
Ʒħ۲˼Ŀŵϵһö縴յֲεĵҩһӶûмš
СĵĲһŴ縴յȻ󵱳ɱһս˴﷨֮С
һĻмЦ˭뵽ħħ۾ȻӣһССĴ縴յ
ħħҲŵ֣֮ħµȵģͰҹħݺħħȼֱ΢ͺһƽֵؤһͳһĵ֮Ĳ࣬Ѿ޷ĵز
ɾϧֻһαɾмƲƲ졣


875 ս
ʣǺˣҺܶ൤ҩģ㿴ױƵĽĵҩ˳
ʱħ۵۾ֱˡ
͸ĵҩɲóЩƷҩһĶƷʹͼĴ縴յҲƷ
ħ۲һѵҩļֵ󵽺ֵزóŵҩ¾Ѿܹħˡ
ʦǰĲ񻰵ʦҲֻʦŻӵǿҲֻʦŻֱʣôǾƷ½׵ĵҩˡ
ҰˣðʦʦˡϾһܡ
ʦħҲҪ̬οҰһħۣħ֮иŲϺţʲôʸһʦףԷǺѾˡ
͵˵ͷħҲ̫һв٪ŪģħҲɱζѡ
ҰһҺûмǳ𣬷ħҲڽߵͷˡ
ʦħ֮еĵλϣħһħ۰ҹħ۶ҪʦϹϾģǺħ֮жʦħʿмӡ
ħϵȷ磬ħʵȴǿ磬֯ҲǱǿܶࡣ
Ϊҩĳ⣬ħʵȻһʱ¾ҪԿͷˡ
٪һֱ˵ʦʦǺˣʵ
Ȼٽⵤ٪ʦƵģô𲶾ҲзݣȻŹ
ʦҹµϯʦ˵ʦľˣⷽԲʮ֮ڣܼħһ羴Ľţܿ췴ӦʦʲôվǰĿǻʵʦ
Ŷҹħۣ֮ĹϵҲôƳһ۱֮ûб˾ȳҹӡ
ħע⵽ҹӣ֮ǰҪͣǲͣû͵׿֮£ħǲԽҹӴӱ֮Ūġ
ħʵãҹħ۵ʵȴǳǿڷ粨µڶħ֮Уҹħ۵ʵܹĵĽǰʮħ۶Ǻҹħ۽ãҪһִٳɱҹӵĻ£ħħ֮еĵλҲ
۾һɨʱһ֮ҹӵ˲ҹӾø³תֻصʸҲʧȥˡ
ҪӺһҲŹҹֻһʼҹħҲὫʬΡ
Χҹħ֮ɻħۣͿűħۡ
Уڱħ򸽽ĸħ򣬷ֱǰɱħ򣬻ħħͱħ򡣡
λħۺҹħΣ
ҹħۣеıħʵǿҹħࡣҰ˵
ãλħ۵ħһˡʹ⡣
ҰϲһֶҪǲ֪ڴʲôĻôħ۾Ͱ׵ˡ
˵֪Ǳ٪¶ҰȴʲôҲûбԭֻʵãûҹħ۽а壬ֲΣҹħ־
Ǽλħ۵Ļлһλҹħ޼ıħۣĶһȲʤȯģ
ţҵ룬ܹǰĻл˦ĿŴ縴յ
ֶԷƴǣһžƷ½׵ҩջ֮£ħҲҪݡ
Ұı;֪ƷҩħļֵҪԶԶħսļֵɼ۸߸ǼʮҲǿԵģϡΪ󣬾Ʒҩ˵ϡ٣Ͼʦ٣ܹƳƷҩҲһЩġ
ħͲϡٲϡپݵˣûе⡣
ʹҹħۣҲΪһʦżܹƳһöƷҩƾЩҩѹסħ۰ˡ
߽׵ҩڸ߽ʿջҪȵͽʿΪ͵ʱûеҩʱֲһŵҩҲǽʡµĹ
ǵħΣһö߽׵ҩɲǸ¾ܽˣǰʱˣһŵҩĲԣջ֮ĲԻһ˵ĵز
ħ򵽴ǱʲôҩûСƲƲ졣
δأΪּĻᵮһЩΪҩ͵һЦİһһҩ֮С
񶼲Źʱ
ʶͲҪ˵ǰƷ۷ҩ飬ֻб˿֮ʱմȾǵˮŻᵮҩΪͰһۡ
ʱ죬ҩϣһٸҲֲ͡
⿴ƻߵıħ֮ϣͶԣŪҩ
֮ǰ٪ǻȥˣôҩȻ޶ԡһ
Ϊһ٪жߣͲмƲƲ졣
壬ǲһ
Цŵ˵ͷһŽ˴ָ֮С
ʲôѵʲô۾֮жʱųһ⡣
һѡͷ˷ۡ

ڱħ֮εЩħ·ûпһ㣬֮ǰǾѾõ˸ʲôǰѱħˣҲҪŲ
䣡һըͻȻڱħϿ
ģҪƭҵĻħʧħ֮С
ħϢŭôƭأһŴ縴յ㲻Ҳõ𣿡ҰһЦ
ͿϿһƣľǱħ˰ɡ
˵Ǹʦôһ̽ͷ­
Ⱪħ۵ı徹ȻһΪԣ
ĪòӢۣħ۲һ㶼֪ɡ͵һЦ
ã˵ĺãҪҺҹǸϼһӲƴ㲻ΪһŴ縴յ͹˰ɣƲƲ졣
ʵϣһŴ縴յѾܹˣϾҹħҲζҹħ۵ĵҲˣôǲԶģǱħۻ׼ʨӴ󿪿ڡ
Ȼ붯ħ۳һŴ縴յȻǲģԸٷʮٵ
ʲôٵ˻棡ͻȻһһ𷢱۵ӼĿ͡
ٵǿǾƷн׵ҩʹԱħ۵ңҲδõƷн׵ĵҩħǿֻжħ۲ʸõ鵤
ħʵ֮ħְӲ֪ǿ˶ٱҲֻеƫ°ˣͶħû˿Ĺϵ
ʮٵ꿰ƾˣ˵ɱˣҪ͵ĻԸ⡣
Ȼ棬»Ҫ̱ħۡЦЦ
û⣬һоͰˣҹħ۶ѣӻ¡˵ҩļⱩħҲǵӴ˲١
λħأͿҰһۡ
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876 ѹưɱħ
Ұεӣﻹ²λħۿǾܾ롣
ö縴յҲаɣҡҡͷ
СҹħһӰʹλħҲҺҹħԣûҰϵĴ縴յ
ΪҲֻЦһĶɲôõġ
ԸĻǧöҩͳȥ۾գһ£ͲԸĻһöҲöԷΪʹĴۡ
ֻбħһλħվһߣս˴룬Ըҹħ۽ЩսԶԶҲûħˡ
ħۣʲôѣͿ˱ħۣҲֻбħ۲뵽Ԯ
һֵǾħħۣһϵ֮ͨ£ʦԸ⸶㹻Ĵ۵Ļҵܹħ˵
ڵõ͵׿֮󣬱ħ̷˴֪ͨħħ
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һö׾ܹ֮һʵԸҹħ۵ʱõĵͽһö׹ĵҩ˱ħۡ
ħҲƴǣֱһö׾ûأѾŪöƷҩ
˵һö׾ڷ֮һ֮õĺõĻȫܹɱʵҪǿĵˣı֮
˵ǰһЩɵĻһĵҩ֮£ħѾʦŲˡ
ͬʱҹħ֮Уϰö֮ͻȻһö顣
ҹħֻƳһۣûжٹעˡ
ҹħһٶʮ˸ħһͲʲô˲飬ҹħ۶ŭʸûС
ҹħۣɱħͻȻһͷ˽
ɱħۣʲôҹħüͷǻȥӭϾͬΪħۣȻʵв࣬ҲǴ˿ӵĵز𾴻Ҫеġ
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ۿҪɹʱɳȻˣ
ʲôʱ򣡡ҹħ۶ŭˡ
ʱ֮ǰ٪޵ϡﻩġ
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ҰôӣȻҵĶӺʦҿôҹħ۴ŭ
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ҹ磬Ҳ֪ģ⼸ħ۶ΪģҰСӽ쾹ȻҪֶԸ硣
ҹħ۲мЦҰƾзϣħ۲ħۣڲǴڵģʵҲԸң
һŶҵʲǫ̂ҹħҡҡͷ
̨һʲǫ̂ҲǸ˵ۺеͣҲټҹ۹ȥˣʲôɽҹħЦһ
ȷŮ˵ȷмʵҲQ˶ˣ𲶾ѾҩɾȡҰϷ˾ƷҩɱħۺٺһЦ
ʲôƷҰǸϾȻоƷҩҹħ۶ˣƷҩǧ֮ҲŪţһôоƷҩ
˵ǲӦáɱħЦЦ
ãҲҪȥҰˣȻӵʦˣҪħᣡҹħ۶ʱڿն𣬽ҹħ۷ħ򣬶ɱħҲ
Ըһˣҹħ۸ͲΪҰʲôֿܽħˡ
磬㴫֮˵Ŀģ⾪ħһ¾Ȳʵ
Ȼ˵ôм٣ҿǡǹζħ۴һá
ڻְԼıħۣȻ̫ģ֮лдƣͶóдħˡ
ƶεʿ˵֮ҲǴкôģ˵䷽ͼһ㣬ǼܲסԭϵͰƵҩٶ꼶ġ
ϵҲϼ̹֮ħ۵ݹһƱ
ħۿһۣ²;Ǹʦ͵һЦ
ͷֵܳҲ߳ƣпֵܡ
ħۺһ֮֮ǰȵƶǰ׺ˣȵǰһ๾һǰǸ«ƶȹˡ
ⱲӺȹõˡħĶӡ
˷ۣһһһܺȣҲ֪Ϊλô󷽰ôõóҲͺþòŪһ«ġ
ˣǿϢͻȻϿգʱڱΡ
ҹħۣҰɫ䣬ȻԤϵ˻ҹħ۵򣬿һδ̫˰ɡ
ᣡͺ׵ĳһɫĽâֱƵı
Ұ󾪡
ϣһâűķٴ˺ڰ֮С
Сӣ粻ߣʶȴ쳣ǿ󣡡ڰ֮һֻͻȻץ˱
ৣһ⣬ֱնֻ֮ϡ
һֻɫƷ·ʲôﻤһ㣬͵ĽâնҲֻǶһ£漴ץ˱
浱ҲڰͻȻ֣֮С
͵ϮʧܣһֻҲʧ˺ڰ֮С
ɱħۡҰ˼Ŀһڰɱħۺҹħ۾Ȼ϶
ħۺͱħɫҲһЩȻֵܶԸһҹħʮþȣڼһɱħ۵ĻǾͱЩˡ
ɱħʵǿûҪô֣һ־Ǳɱ
ñⰵɱħ۽ңͺһֲʶ˲ų
ۣ׶˲䷢ɲǼǧ׶ֱ˺˰ɱħ۵ķشꡣ
ɱħ۵ȷǲڱյ£Ҫɱħ۵Ĵɱ˵ϼѡ
ⰵɱħҲ벻͵ʶǿ󣬱ҹħۻҪǿ˲ҵҶʶش
󣡡ʮָǧ׻ʽͬһ¡
ںڰ֮Уһźܣǻⲻ˱
ÿֲĻ棬ףڰ֮д˰ҹħ۵ľ
ôֲħۺͱħ۰Ѳ˼Ŀһ浹սͲһڵǿߣȻѹס˰ɱħۡ
ɱħҲùʵڰɱһ֮ϣ͵ǰ޷٣ֹİɱַһɶӲȫڱѹŴ


877 ħ
ɱħ۱Ͼħ۾磬ҲڱһССĴʿѹƵֵزɡ
ҹħҲǲ˼Ŀ·һŲ϶ĺ
Ͱɱħ۵ļƻЮҰŮҰϵľƷҩ
ҰһʲôɫʦЩƷҩֻпĳż֮õģŮòˡ
ħ۶֪Ұ쳣۰ŮֻҪȣضͷġ
ħ۶û뵽ʺıħ֮оȻλʵ͵ħۣһһʶ쳣ǿĴʿһ͵ϮʧܶգҾɱħҲס޷
ҹ磬㻹֣ɱħʵǳŲסˣ⽣ʵֲ̫ǲҲʹ಻
ߣҹħҲһû뵽ⰵɱħ۾Ȼ˲һʿ޷ʰ
ֻҹħһţʱХ
Сģҹħ۵Ѫ𣬲ҪҧˣᱻɾѪģҰѵʵ޷뵽֮ս֮УҲֻܳˡ
ߣױλħһ
˫ƣ˸ԴһסѪͬһʱ䣬Ȼѣ˲ͽѪը˻ҽ
Ǵĺˣҹħ۴ŭһ֮ǺİǱħҲûǿǽȻҰˣħ۶Һԡ
ǺԣҪ׽׹һһնֱն
䣡ҹħۺһֻӳ׹ⱬն
ҹ𣬻أħ۴Цһһǹֱҹħ۵ĺġ
ҹħһֻӳ˱ħۡ
ҹħһֵ֮סλħ۾Ȼ·磬ܹΪһİȻʵ顣
ϼһȻǿֻƾ˵ҩǶһᣬеҩҾû𣿡ħŭһ׾ȥ
䣡һֱ
۳˷ˣħ۴Цһеǹһδ̳
žҹħ۷ų˲նɱһǹֱӴ̴ҹħ۵֡
໣̹ǵʹҹħѾ֪жûִܹˡ
ħ۳ն£ֲĵâҹħеĳ·
ţһὫʬεģҹħ۾Ȼǧɢӡ
Ҫܣһħ۴ŭʱǹǧʱ˴룬ħеնҲնɱһС룬Ȼǧֻѡ
ǣһãܣ
ҹħΪԼӳʱһŹֵĴͻȻ֣ɲǼĺͽǧûˡ
ҹֻʣһ߲Ƶ塣
ôܣҹôܵô죡һֱѹƵİɱħﻹеӼȥƴű׻ʽУҲʩչطѡ
ӵĵǿ죬Ӳȥģһʱĺת˰ɱħۡ
飡֮жʱһѪ֮£ɱħʬ޴档
ˣħ۾ôˣҰЩš
ҹۿһǿħ۰ôô׾ˡ
ģʹ죬Ҫ׾ĻͱˡħǲƵһڡ
һ׾Ȼһͻƣԭõ׹೹ױʵ̤ɾ磬˵ֻǽ˵ҩպֻҪúȹ̣׹Ҳʲô¡
ˣħ۵ʵѾԽҹħۣԲһǹشҹħۡ
ͽҹħۣҹħӳȥĻǲǲ롣
ҹħһħ۳Ϊ˺һΪǿħۡ
ˬû뵽һ׾ȻͻơǾƷҩ״۹Ц
Ҳħˣ֮У״εʿһϲмžƷҩ
ħ磬ǮҲûãΪѹûеط
ϲ磬ʵħҲһĽһ뵽ԼϾҪŪʮٵϾ˷ˣЩҩ˵Ҳ׹ɣʵǡ
ħ磬ʵĿҪ
ʦԺʲôң֮״Ц
΢΢һЦھֳɵλħҵĵҩ֪ô˰ɡ
˽⣬֪һʦ׼ʲôıꣿħ۶͵Ŀۻеڴġ
ö׾öХ
ãɽˣһĹܿһͷ­ħ۶͵׺⣬Ȼûоܾɡ
ܺãҾǵĿˡ͵˵ͷ
һĹλħ۾˱ħһ鴫ȥ֪Ҫء
ţҹħ۾ôˡֱڣҰһƻõĸоʵ޷ͬһĴڻô׵ľȥ
˷ۣαħ۾ͲҪ̾ˣʱ仹úʵأħҲʧˡ
ҰĺǳҲֻǿЦһ
㣬пˡͿϿһʿ
ʿҼȥһˡʿĿźâĳǹ׼ֻͣҪ͸˵һ֣һǹ˲ͻ̴͵塣
ˣһλħۣʵ
ħۣҼһִߣΪʿħѾǴɱħħ۸һȡʿĶ͡
ħ粢ɱеɱֻɱ֮дĲǿߣħҪǿߣħ֮оǿ
ɱȴһȵģʹʤҲܽԷħ֮еնɱЩħ飬ܾôװȥͬʱҲʿħɱˣǶħơ
һʦħӭģЦһ
ʦʿһ˿ԥʦħĵλޱȣʹʦλҲ˿ı仯
ʦħȡĶߣܹʦħ磬ǾǴһҪħսնɱһǿ߻Ҫ
ʦʿʵ
𾴵ִߣһλȷʦܵҵħ硣ֻҹħۺͰɱħ֪֮ҪӶᣬһսҰΪͱ绤ҰʵôǱѻȴһִ֣ȻѾҰ˵ģϾħҪһʿ˵Ķࡣ
ټħʿʦĿ󣬱սҲǺġ
ʿ˵ͷȻһᣬôһλʦһˣΪʦ֤Լ
Ҫ㻹ʸ񣬽ɡЦһͲʿֱ߽˹֮С
㡭ʿҪŭҰæ


878 ħĵһ
ͣҰ˵֮ʿҲɫ䣺Ե棿
ǧȷҰ˵ͷ
ʿ鸴ӵĿǱ񹬵һۣҰ˵ǰ㣬ѾԶԶִΧˣĪ˵ˣ˿Ҳûʸһ顣
ħܹ֮ʸҲǼλħˡ
͵ʵ̫ˣ¹شʿ˿ͣ٣æȥ˱ȥˡ
ڳȥľסλħ۰ɲͻˣһĻλħ۵ͷ­
Ƕû뵽Ϊû͵һŴ縴յͻְ֮ɡ
ܹôҲ׾Ĺϵڣʵıħ۸ܵ;ħ۱·̶̰ʱͻɱλħۡ
ȵ׾ҩЧһⱩħۻûֻɾħ۲š
׾֮ЧȷǺˬǴĺ֢ҲΪˣһµʱ䣬ҲͲԸ⶯ֵҩԭ
ͿȴдѵʿҪֵҩ׼õĵҩָλħ֮󣬾ħ۱ʾڱħһʱ䡣
ҪѾ͵ֱʣֻҪ͵ߣǾͻдĵҩ֣͵ҩȣǽħ㲻ʲôˡ
ֻôһΣһˣڶ
Ҳλʵħ۰æ˵ʵħϾħ磬ʵûǿ󵽿Ժħǿ߶Կĵز
ԸɱħּУǶϾסЩħ۵ĻǱɵġ
壬㻻ǧ굤òãһ͡
û⡣ʹӿռָ֮ȡǧ굤˱
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һյĹ򣬱Ŷһ鴲Сϰ˿ʮ
һ֮Уüϰŵҩ͵ҲƷϽףߵǰƷ۷嵤ҩɱǼֵǮˡ
㲻ôűɣ⼸ʲôãʵǿȥˣ֪ϵĵҩ࣬ٶҲộɡ
ЩҩûʲôôŻñˡʼ򣬶ЩҩνģƷҩͳȥôˣں⼸ţ
㡭㲻ںԸҰںˡ
ͷ˷ۣǻء
㡭һ
˵ϵõĺôѾˣǱϵõĺôʮбȽϾв࣬вﲻƽˡ
ҲҪͱʲôֻǿͶԱõʵǹͷˣ̲ס˵䡣
ڷʲôϡĶħ磬ħ֮У־Ū٣ôֵĻɫ
ллСллСħʿмĿű
ҪҲóһöһֱҶе㲻˼ˡҡҡͷ
ǣһһһЩöЩʿԱǸмˡ
Ȼ֮УǶԱһжָơ
͸ĵҩǾƷҩҶƷģԱȫûҪҩҪĵҩΪЩħʿ
ҲֹԲܱҪٵҩͶ߲ܣľͺá
ͼҪԼĵܵҪĺݣ֮ви֮ʡ
Ƕڱȴϣܹȥ
ԵˮͲܻһӣǱҪĺݣҪ֮ĳ񣬵ǶڱȴһһӺǻĳ嶯Լĺǻ֮£ҲҪЩֻҪֵĻȥѾ㹻ˡ
Сű飬Һò״ѩɽ֮ڳģܻܲžƷҩһΪֻнᵤڵıηηĿű
û⣬ƷҩϾСˬóžƷҩ
ɡס˱֣еĵҩƷģһȥħ۵ᣬͲʹǸһİˣͻŵʹ
ҪƷҩӦòԼõİɡͿһһͷСˣᵤڵı˳ԾƷҩ±
ҸҸҪģҸڳأɹǴˡСһȻһɽʿһʿħ֮еĵλȫһġ
˳صĻӦþҪñƱڵˣϧֵҩûơҡҡͷ
ô죿С˶Ҫˡ
壬һ¯ɡĴ۾֮ǿ֮ɫ
ðɣ˭ǱҪء͵һЦ
ƱƱڵҩӣħ֮жҵҲֻǰƷ۷嵤ҩˣҲûʲôѶȡ
һħ򶼶һĹƱƱڵĲ϶ȫˡ
һҪ¯ҰˣȻ⼸ֳĵҩѾˣǴûۼʶǧѷģħʿԱ
ֻǵǿҵַʱ򣬼ʯ֮С
ԭôİ˶Եʦˡ
֮һ죬Ʒ鵤ͳ¯ˡ
ҲͼҪñħҩԵʣҪǶ֮ڵҩĻĿǲƷƱڵˣƷˣǾδ̫ˡ
ŶˡͽűƱڵƿ֮кȫСˡ
ͻôһǿڱϣǿűķϡ
Щ˲ȻҲļֵҩʦĻҪͳˡ
űۼѩɽı֮ͬʱںǳ֮˱飬̷ֱҲܴڵıһܲΪǿı˪ǳ֮ļֻɡ
ͳƳɵҩĻʾܴﵽɣŵҩȥ˪ǳ֮ʮþȵ顣
ллллСллʦС˸мĿˡ
žͻȻһԹӣֱӰС˴߻صġ
ʲôʦʦһ˵
Բ𰡣СӲ£ʿȻС˵ĸס
ʦʦʦȻֻһ֮ȴرҲͷŭŽС˴һ١
ҡҡͷɴںЩСТĵͶ˺øУԺ󻹿԰һѡ
п֣пŵħ֮иûʲôɫʦֿˣҲɢˡ
ţͿȺ֮һӾȻﲻŷٶȻ˲٣ȴĽ͸ոմķԭˡ
ֻһ͸ԭҵַҲһ
ǱߵСӡҪסǸӡ
͵ӷ·ʲôֲһ㣬ͷҲصˡ
վסҰŭħ˭ҶͲģһֱӽ⺢˻
ѩԳҰüͷһ塣


879 ͽ
ħǸֱϵɵһС򣬺һۼͬħͬϵۼһ
Գħ֮㲻ʲôսСֱϾԳǼֱһһء
ԳҲͨСˣħս֮ڵ׵Ĵڡ
ոǷôģͿꡣ
ҲˣҲˣҲˣ⺢ӾֵĿ͡
ħĴ˵֮УʦһЩĺ֮Сǳе顣
ɲǿѨ磬ʹҲкܶʦġ
ʲôʱѧģ;ԼͰһ㣬ŵӡ
ҿһ顭⺢ӽͰ͵ĲŰһ̵ܶĻ˵ꡣ
Ŷһܽҵַȫסܲ򵥰΢΢һЦ
ʿļźܴĹģԽǿԽãھ㿴֣һҳҳȥҲ̼סĿ
ȻֻΪǳԵı֣͵ַεȵĸӣµȴǼйɵģһֻܽ˵⺢ӵ쳣ǿΪһʦı׼
벻ѧͿӡ
Գ˼Ŀ͡
Ӵ˵Ŀе֪ǰ˾Ǵ˵֮еʦǱħۻҪ߹ߴڡ
һҲֻΪ˼ʶһ´˵֮еʦģȴû뵽ħ۵ץסˡ
Ϊɣ˵֮еʦȻԼԸԸѧϰ
ͷԵļһõģүӢ䣬ôأ˷ۡ
Ͳûй𣬶Ŀӡ
Ϊ磬ҪѾǳϦ֮ˣҲҪΪеλˣҲһոҲˡ
͵۽ͨʿȻһܹĸԭ֮еַ츳ͶͽͷȻҲͽܣϵľѧͻû׼ȥ
Ը⣬ҵȻԸ⣡⺢˷ܵĽʦͽ˭Ը⣬Ҳֻɵӻܾ
͵˵ͷȥ㸸ĸ˵һ쵽ħ۹ңҪһʱ䣬ûʸҵĵӡ
ǿֻһ棬ܲܳΪʦҪϵ츳Σû츳ĻֻǿĻһӴﵽʦѾǼˣڴﵽǼʦϼѰ
Ҫҩʦ֪ͻ뷨ĻѪҪˡ
ҩʦһΪľһʦĵӣôΪ顣
Ҫҩʦ˶ٵӣҲа
ܱҩʦصȻţһ֮еţǼʹҲֻһܹﵽǼʦɼǼʦˡ
͵һͽȻҪǼʦθʵ̫ˡ
㾹Ȼͽ˼ҲЩȡ
̫ȤˣҲֻͽ򷢴ʱˡͿЦһ
һ֮ԭյģһ˵Ȼǲģ͵ı嵹ոͽ̵ܽһµҲ
ÿͲˣҪ
øǺøҰҲһĽĿڱħ֮ս͵ıԳ
ӽԺ⺢ӿҪˣ²ܳΪǰʦǳΪһʦҲԺһħƽƽˡ
ûսΣֻҪӵǿǿսΪá
ǿʦֻҪɥĲĻ϶ƵĵҩһЩϵĻôĶ֪ˡ
ڶ峿⺢ӾѾħ۹ȴֻվ棬ҽ
ħ۹һڵײĺ˵ʵ̫Ӵˣ⺢ӲЩԱ
ͶԴҲֻεҡҡͷʲô֣
û֣ҸĸǽСӡҡҡͷ
ڵײĺ˵ֲûʲôôֻݵ˲Żȥȡ֡
ûֿɲУȻǱԳһģôͽбԭ͸⺢һ֣ʲôԺԼɡ
лʦ𣡡ԭĹֻֿһЩݵ˲ӵеģֻʦģ͸ǲͬˡ
Ҫһ׷ȫûκεĺô˵
˵׼ȴû׼̡ϵ
ҪϵͱԺ֮γһγɷʽͿɲ֪Ҳӽ͸Ͳô
;̵ֻܽħΪͳͬʱҲʺӵյϾһ࣬ʺ
һֱʹáϵͳҲǼߵģٲҩʦȲϾΪµˣǳô᲻ء
ֻ;áƵҩΪ٣ƳƷҲߣԾЩͳˡ
ʥʥ¯ϸ֮һԣƳһöϸ񣬷ͿԻȥˡͶһ¯һ򣬺һ뿪ˡ
ԭҧҧʶ뵽֮С
ʱͱмصϢסˣһΪһͨĴš
ʥγ׻ȸʥޣʥ֮ҩ
͸ݡת͵ŪһЩѣʥ̥ڡȻܱͨġ
ԭģԭ̾һЩǰûнӴ
ھͿԻΣԳһʵĿˡεҡҡͷ
ʵԽǿҪξԽѣһģҲҪں徳ԺܻΣȻҲûа취ûε߻βݾͿԱΪܹ࣬ھͻΪģڷ֮жǺټģοǿֵħ磬Գһûһ漣ˡ
ʥҪγʥӰʥӰֻ桭ԭһ꣬ȥѰֻ档
һֱעűԭͶʱֻֻҪ״̬ûеĻȫڵγʥӰֻЧͲ˲࣬ڸոսӴıԭ˵ȴ㹻ˡ
ѵҪҳȥͲ̾˿ԼͽѾţǼ֮УҪǲĻ¾ͳˡ
ȥһ¡Ϳ˿
ƾʲôȥ˷ۡ
һžƷ½׵ҩ
ǰһǻҡҡͷ
㲻Ҫ̫ˡͺݺݵĵһۡ
ţҶҪƷģ̸Ŀͣһ㲻ҾͲȥӡ
ɽҧҧ


880 ̵
Сԭץѵʲô⣿һЦ˳
ʦ壡ԭǹһ
Ҳ֪ԭ⺢ӵôģ϶ʦ壬ͺΡ
ʦ֮ᵽʥޱҪ۶ɣڳһûˡԭյĵͷ
ֻʦΪ׷дȥģʵȫһ۳ʥӰֻЧһ㡣ٺһЦ
ģԭգգ۾
Ȼģҿʦ尡ôƭأԴǵ˵
ţͰ˵۳ʥӰ⣬ԭȻޱȵĿġ
޳ҲѾûʲô˵ˣԭȷǷͬһ㣬Ȼڶ̶һʱ֮۳ʥӰ
۳ʥӰ֮ʥ¯Ҳűԭա
Ƶĵ¯ʥңӦҪϳ۵¯ҪһֱõԪӤҲû⡣
ԪӤ֮ľʥ¯ѾԶԶ㲻ˣʱȻΪѰøߵĵ¯
ۣһ¯ԭʧܶա
˵ΪͶ˵ĵҩǶһûнӴʿ˵ҪһʼƳһ¯ҩĻѶȿɲһĴ
ԭʧ͵Ԥ֮Уǰ¯гɹĻͲҪˡ
Щʧ֤ԭ˵츳ǻ̫
ЩʧҲͿԭҪؿ
ʦ֮ʧ޿ɱģʧʮθǼҳ㷹ʧܰΣǧεģûһżֲиģа۲ӵǿĻôҲ±ԭЩʦĻ
ԭҲûʧ˵ʧѾĸ꣬ȴ˿û
һͣܽʧܲǹؼͻǳһ¡
ڼ仹䣬ԭϵĸ
лʦ𣡡ԭƽľʼܽԼ⼸ʧܵԭ
ɽһȥˣԭ˽ʮ¯ҩһĶʧˡ
ͽܲаĵҩƲҡҡͷ
ҾͲڵʱƾͰһۡ
壬ҡûпڣ;Ͱһ˱
аŵҩ֮һЦŴĵ뿪ˡ
ȻֳܶˣÿһľڵѪ뽫ЩҩȫŵԼĿڴ֮аϧСѾͷȥ̣ˡ
Ŷпǽһ¯ҩ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ζⵤ¯֮ѾðζҪɵǰװ
ҲǱԭʼһܹҩҺںһ
ֻֻǿʼˣĲΪؼģʹˣԭıѾˡ
žԼĪһյⵤ¯֮ڴը
ʧˣһʧˣ
Ǳԭȴ˿û٣˷ܣɼƬĵҩеĻϲҲزס
һŵҩʧˣȴɹҲֻһ֮ңѾƳ˳͵ĵҩ֮ǰȫһЩɫķĩһ޴Ľ
ҪȣһŻ鵤֮󣬱ԭֿһ¯ָоûɢȥʱ򣬱ԭҪϸָо
ž
ž
һ¯ʧܣǱԭϵ˷֮ɫȴԽԽʢһԽԽˡ
䣡һһǰδеζıǿ֮С
ˣԭһ̵ⷢĵ¯ֱӽһ۴Сĵҩȡ˳
ܸ𣿡ͻȻ
ʦƳɹˣҳɹˣԭ˷ܵ˵
͵˵ͷҩζ񣬼ʹƷҩ֮ҲǵףǧҩƳһŲľֻ˵ʧܡ
䣡ԭ·һ㣬
ոǺ˷ܣһ㽾ΪˣѧϰһƳҩˣ͵Ļȴͬһˮˡ
ˣʥִһ棬һǡϵַʥ
ͷʥ޵Ӱ֣һɫĻ治ϵײʥ¯
ɣһյĹһ¯Ƴɹ
һġʮԭһſŵţһ¯֮оȻжʮš
ⶼƷҩĿЩֻлƶСĵҩ
ЩҩֻлƶСҩȴǳǿſŶƷ
͵˵ͷƳƷĻϼ
ҷˣ̾һ
ˣͿ˱ԭһۡ
ԭãȻĵ˵ͷոյʵ̫𺳡
ӽ쿪ʼƾʲôʱһ¯֮ƳʮžҾٽ̵㣬Իȥˡӳһ
ǣʦ𣡡ԭ˵ͷ
Щįıԭ¶һĨЦݣԭϵ츳ȷǲϧ̫ˣҪúôһ
˵ʲôѾƵҩˣһñȱԭ΢ǿ׳һЩĺͯ˼Ŀűԭ
һˣԭȻܹƵҩˣٶҲ̫˰ɡ
ʦ˵ҵͲ죬Ҫһʲôʱ˲ܹȥһĽ̵ԭҡҡͷһ뵽Ҫһ¯֮Ƴʮž;һѵ顣
ǸʦôôﻹҪʦģһŵҩҸʯСűԭ
˰ɣҵʦƵҩˣƵĵҩҪٵġԭҡҡͷ˵ϸصġ
㡭㲻Ҫô˷ѣҰ˰ɡСһĵĿűԭ
Уʦ˵
ʦʦڿʦǿõѣ㡭Сŭˡ
ֻһŶȻʦ֪һᵹùġԭЩԥ
İɣ㲻˵Ҳ˵ʦô֪ءóѵС¶һ˿Цݡ
ۣ̫ˣſõʥޣ⺢¶һ˿ЦѾԭַȫˡ
ԭǸոսӴٶȻҪµĻǺ׵ġ
ˣʦܸܲҿС˱ԭһۡ
ԣʦû˵ܸ˿ġԭ󷽵Ľӡʥ򽻸ӡ
ţҪؼˣһöͱԭ֮⺢ӾͷƵ뿪ˡ
ԭ˵ͷҪҰ
ģһģ⺢Ӻܿڱԭ֮ʧˡ
ԭҲȫĵͶ뵽֮У˵˵һεĳɹȴǧҩҩ˷˾ųϣֻƳһöƷֵҩǲ
ڱԭסķ֮ڣʱʱĴһҩ㣬ǵᶼˮ
ԭĸĸҲ֪ھ˵֮ЩھҲֻĽ˱ԭ䣬ʦɲЩסƶߵʿܹǵģοԭһħ۶Ҫֵʦأ


881 
Ūˣһ٪忴ǸС
ţ˵õĵҩأ⺢ӿ٪塣
һƷƷĵҩʮţ㹻ˣҡ٪彫һӸӡ
⺢ȷⴢ֮еĵҩ֮ĵ˵ͷӱԭŪļʥ򽻸٪塣
ԭˣԭˣƾƷҩĳɹʽһɣʦߣҲΪʦ٪彫֮еʥӡһ֮󣬽ԭ򻹸Ǹӡ
ȻҲɱڵĴ㣬ϾǱħȻһʦʵǿܲɧҾ;ҪֻҪʱʥľ⣬Ϊʦ֮Ȼٻʱħ±ضǼȮ
٪壬٪徹Ȼҹħߵϯʦ٪ҲãȻ͵͵Ľ˱ħ򣬵õ͵ʥ
˵ֻΪ˽̵ԭӡ֮ݻļ򻯰汾Ƕ٪ְӵʦԣʥһżΪ
ֻ٪ˣһʦʶޱǿ
ǣ٪Ͳ֪ʦǿ󣬲ﵽεʦԶ޷ʦжôǿġ
͵ʶħĪ˵٪ıһֻϵһһָơ
ոһӣôܻôĵľõӻȥԼء
ҲΪˣͲŷ٪壬ס
̰ͼҵʥһ֪ҵĶôõġЦһ
ǿʶֱӴ۸ʥ֮еݣһЩؼĵطȫĶǿȴûκε
Ͳ֪ҹħΪλĵҩ֮м𲶾ֶҩһħ۶Ҫ˽Щôͱ٪ˡ
ͨʦѹͻ˸ԭԵʣҽᳬԽͣΪħһʦò˵٪ԴܹǼʦһأΪʦ޲ɼ
ɣѾȲĲ״ˡ¶һ˿Цݡ
ұ֤٪ֻҪҰʥϵķһյĹͻһˣ
䣡Ȼ뿪ħ֮٪͵Ȳˣɽ֮Ͽٳһ֮ȲĿʼˡ
žǰ֮٪͸оԼľޱȵӵ£ֱײ
ͨʦַȻǲͬ죡٪Ȼǲ֪ŷ
֮˫۾ϷʵĿ٪塣
ģǻǵһμôģɵӶֱԱǰˣȻһе٪޴Ѿˣʵ벻ôܴﵽʦĵزġ
ұȽϽթЦһ
Ҫ۸ʥ֮еݶ˷е쳣Ҳһܼ򵥵飬٪ϵ裬ܹеĹŹǾǼˡ
ô£ҵľʱ٪ѾǾ֣һƤһ㣬ԽԽ
ٵģǼٵģ٪ٴҲʶʥˡ
һֱָӵ٪ĺģ֪Ҳ̫ˣֻҪһͻᱬը
㡭˭Һԩ޳ΪʲôҪң٪循ֵĺ
ԩ޳ҶʶȥƭҵӵЦһ
ͣ㾹Ȼͣ㾹ȻôգĵӶŹ٪循֣ҪεȵĳԼĵӶڰ
ϻ࣬㣬ΪʲôҪĵҩ֮ڼ𲶾ݣú٪ϻһֱ⡣
˵ʲôҲ֪٪һ˿ɫǾŲ˵
ͺٺһЦôҾü𲶾ݺˣζһġ
𲶾ֲûУֻϸ𲶾ݵˣȻ漸СһҧһڵĻǺˡ
㡭㡭ħĳ
ϻô࣬ҳȥɣֱӽһɫĲҩ٪֮УһתɫĲҩΪһֱӽ٪Ķ
٪ɫ԰ףʹ𲶾ݻûзһ뵽ǿֲĶͲ
𲶾ÿһʱͻᷢʹģͲ;ܽġ
Ҳ˷ŭԭ𲶾ݵĶڵһʱɥȴǻ𲶾ĥʹ൱
ΪʹԷһƬҶʹҲֻǿܡ
ڻ˴𲶾εʹģ
˵Ŀ٪塣
˵˵𲶾ݵĶԲŸոշ٪ܲˡ
벻һͷмƲƲ졣
͸٪һʹֵҩֻʱֹʹˣ𲶾ݵĶûκεЧġ
ҹħۡҹħҪŮϵĶ
ʲôüͷһ塣
ǸŮ˵ȫıڵбԪ񣡡٪𲶾ݵĶһ볢ˡ
üͷһ壬ȻҲϵͨģǺһöڵ֮嶼䣬ԪӤ˱ԪӤҲ˱Ԫˡ
ǼʹˣҲڱһħۿϰɣҪ𲶾ĵֶΡ
Ϊʲô
ΪΪڵıڵħһǰҹħ۵ʵΪǿ󣬾ҹħҲԴ˺Ȥ
žʳָһ㣬һ٪֮С
٪һɣΪԼԻʱڵͻȻˣ˲ʧˡ
Һһ
һöڵ͸ģ
ѵҲûа취ڵ𲶾ʵ
ʦܵģԸ𲶾Ͳڻ°
ͨ𲶾û⣬ڵ𲶾Ѿ̸ڣѾһ𣬾ҲûоԵİҡҡͷ
ôҲһ
𲶾ʱ䲻Ļõһ꣬Ǳǻˡ
мҪˣʱһжˣ΢΢̾˿
⼸ҲʼһЩⶾ鵤Ʒ½ףƷнףǾƷϽ׵ĵҩơ
ȱһЩҩҲû⣬ֻҪųȥħ򣬱ħ򣬻оħ򶼻ΪѰ
ƷϽ׵ҩ켪𵤡;ȻҪֵҩʱһ
Ǻųܹٶľ鵤ֻҪһ켪𵤣ܵˮ֮ӾҲʲô⡣
࣬һŵҩ֮춼Ҫ㣬˵ѡ
ⲻֻǸϼһôҲƣ𲻸š
̫ʱĵôܹյһʵƵҲֻеֻ֮ˣ


882 粨
𾪣ѡӡ
ʹ켪𵤣Ҳûаܹȫڵ𲶾ʹˣ켪𵤵Ҳһʹࡣ
ҰҪҩ嵥һ֮ռͽһöݸҰ
֮мʮҩ͵ҲǾŽƷҩЩҲֻ켪𵤵һС֣֮ûеģҪҰǵѰ
ʦģЩҩֵҲᾡġסλħҲǵ˵ͷ
ЩҩȻƷܸߣ֮пûôʦҩƷٸûʦƳɵҩҲûټֵ
͸ֵṩ㹻ĵҩЩҩȫ嵥ϵʮҩȫ
֮һʿֳһ̽ٱħ
ҰǾסλħۼʿһ
ʦˣҼ˵֮ڷ粨ϣҼ˹ݡʿֱվǰȴ͵Ĵ𸴡
͵˵ͷ֮ĳضԼ
ʿ˵ͷ뿪ˡ
粨ħ֮оȻкһ㶡
УǷľλѲħ綼ľλ
粨һִߣʵɲ⡣ħɫصĿһ̽
ħħ۷ּģҰ־ǲħۣסλħۻб˵ҹħǿǿо֮
粨Ǻǽħ֮мλħ۵ǿڡ
ҹħħ統֮ĵһħۣӵʮÿһħۣһ粨ͳϽΧ
粨ΪһִߣһɱȨʹħҲڷ粨ƹܷΧ֮ڣ֮ǰʹһʹλħ۶κεĲ
粨ȥһᰡħҲЩĽ
˺ķۣô֤Ѿħϲ㣬͵Ƿ粨ҲؽƸôǾٲ˵ġ
粨Ϊ˻Ϳһ̽һЦ
һ˵־ܿ˵ƷΣȻ粨ΪҲˣһС˿д˴ֵġ
粨µģҳΪħôãǵһμ粨ʹҰ˵
ħ۷˷ۣʲôΣһħ۶㲻ϣ粨ô
ҲǣҲǣҰεЦЦħ˵ȻǱϾʵβȻ޷֪Ǹε顣
֮粨ȥȥͿ˿
ȥȻҪȥҲ뿴ħǿߵжǿ˵ͷ
⼸ľħۺͱħʵȻȴħ綥֮ģҪķ粨ħĶǿߣǽڰҹħ۵ǿߡ
ͬˣһɫ֮ϣһյĸ֮ۡһŮӵһЦ
ǵģˣ׿ͬ⣬֮һλʦήٷ粨ʿ˵ͷ
ˣȥɡŮĵ˵ͷ
Ƕû뵽һķ粨ȻһŮİɡ
ħ繲ħۣ׵еȻǿħۣҹħۣħʵҲΪǿģռħ֮һʮһ
αǱѹ˰֮õĺħۣѹ֮ǰħ۾ͺͰҹħ۽ãͰҹħڣʵȻȰҹħ۲һߣҲǼΪޡ
ֶħۣħ֮Ϊбһλͳεɱ¾ϡ
ħ֮ǿΪ𣬿ֶħ۵ϣǿ߸ûʸ֮ϡ
Ȼֶħ۵ʵħ֮Сһµľȴħ֮ΪǿģҪħ۵ľֲֵܵ
֮󣬵͸ϵ粨ʱۼϰλħۣӣ
øͶʱˡ
ûϵЩϲûɱ⡣ҡҡͷ
ӭʦħ۸ߺͬһһһ
ộ粨Ȼͳ֮µħȫۼ˹Ͱ̾һ
ڳټҹ۹ħ֮⣬ʣµħۿ¶ۼˡ
ǻǿʦӰ׺;״۰̾һ
ǵʵλħ֮вǳЩħۻкܴĲģƽʱͲܵõǵأ˵ˡ
ħʵȻ֮ǿλħ۵ʱ򲻽һ
ȥҰַ⣬ÿħҲһصǿߣ粨ʮ֮еһֵ¾ȻаλħۣʵԳ󲿷ҲֻЩΪϵ֮ڲпܾۼôɾǿˡ
һһѾ֮ΪǿһˣҲֻܹͰҹħµһʵƽѣҪʮһĻѾܹԿˣ˵ʵȰҹħ۵һߵĺħۣǸųӵħһǿֶħˡ
ħʵǿҲֻħŻ鵽
֮ʱһֱΪħ֮ʵԲжĲ࣬ħսҲһ״̬ˡ
ǽ֪ˣħǿߵǳģ
ôˣͿ
е㣬Щħȫ뵽ħսĻǾƺпܾһߵˡʼ
ǵǻڣȻħܹôã˭Ҳκβ˭ôʵ֮ϱȻûжĲ࣬ͱħռˣﻹȵڣʼ
Ҳԣи߸ţϹʲôİҡҡͷ
𾴵ʦǰͱǲ粨Ѿڵˡһͷϳǵʿߵǵǰ
ǹħͿͱǺ˵ͷ
ڰͱǺ֮£Ǵ˰ħǰһɫĺԶԶȥ·һ龧Өꡣ
ĺ粨ǻܣ͵һЦ
ǰҹʹ͸粨أʮ֮УҲֻ粨ǰҹʹġͱǲ͵еİҹȻǰҹħˡ
ħľλ֮йߵģħ֮Ҳֻ˲ƺţҲħλħۣҹħۣħۻֶħۣ
Ҫķ粨ʮ֮ΪһˡЦ
ǵģʮ֮ΨһŮԺͬʱҲǰҹ󹫵áͱǲ˵ͷ
ħһ˵áʱ
ҹħ۵ҲǹΪģħͰҹħ۵һս˵ܾˣƽ֣ǿ߶֪һսˣҹħ۽һоͻƾ֮ǿѡ
Ҳǳ׺ﶼӲסҹħһУһ˳ȥǻӰʿǿߵȾ֮£һսͱܾ˵³
ҲһսڸͶ·ǧڷʱһǧͬʱع飬ʵǣʱͰҹħһս


883 Ǭ
ڵķෲ֮еķ֮һֻһ߷ôãͬͶһ߷ĸӡˡ
Ľͬ͵Щڴħһ˵õǺӡ
ʦˣ粨ѾˡͱǲָָϿյһħ粮ûʸȥģ˷粨Ӻ֮⣬ûз粨ǲҲȥ
͵˵ͷҪȥͱͱǲ
ֻʦһܹȥȫ档
һȻԴ˺ܲϰλħۼǿߣаħҲ˵ʲô
룡ֻͱǲ˫һУһֱͨйͲһһ߽й֮С
ʦˣ룬ҼѾ׼˽ӷ硣һʿÿ˵·
ħۼǿߣͿЩʿеѾ޷ˡ
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˺αװȻ޷粨һ뵽Լڳľķ粨Ͳ
ѾͷҪ֮˲䱬
룡Ʒ۷Ǭ赤˲䱬ɫĻʱͽһڵ֮
ۣһײֱ÷粨Ѫɫķ粨֮ϾȻһ̲ɺѪҺ
ã粨ˣʮʿ󾪡
Ƿ粨ˣôҲˣǲһǿߣǰҹ۵ŭҲ޷
䣡һͷڱͻȻ˷粨
ˣɱȫѪķ粨һ
ʱûע⵽ȫѪȷʵ쳣ķ粨еħۼǿڿնһͷڱ
ģҺƲڱŭӣɳزʵΪףȴҪǲʡ
ҲǺƲ֮һ£һͷڱ屻һʱҷ
ۣ֮ı͵һھѪ
ģҷ˫ɺ졣
ڷ粨ڵһ߷ǧ֮һģԷ粨Ϊ֣һ߷Ѿӵɾһصʵ
ϧʹʵҲסҹħ۵һǳ׻ˡ
ģٺһսŭš
㣡ĺһ
Դͬʱ֮мǿϢҲǹ۲һĻ
ʵƺ˳Ľһʿڴߵǵ˵
Ϊ壬ǧδȫع飬عˣһҲ뵣ǣЩЩͷʹ˵ˣûҡҡͷֹһöȥ
ȷЩв˶ɱڵ֮ѪҲȡʿɫصüͷ
޼壬ô֣ϧƺǵǣһ崹ǣǽ磬ϧôƺ顣̾һ
ȥԯɣ֮黹Լɡ̾˿


887 
ˣҿ»ԯ˳֣ͽһˣұ֤ʿ֮ʧʿ˵
һȻһֱִһ壬εڲ飬һòҪ֣Ҳֻԯѳֲʣ嵽ϴĸͿԼˡҡҡͷ
áˮͻȻһ˿죬ϲ¶һ˿Ц⣬һһβɫֻаƴСҧһö
СһÿһζֻϹ¶һ˿ЦݣһβɫС·ڿԼһ㡣
үүµĶ̫գգ۾Ľһöȥ
ͨܿ죬һβֻصˮ֮С
үү˵ҲԻģǶ˼ǧˣΪʲôأɫ㿴ߡ
Ϊǻûг󡣡ЦЦֽһöȥ
һߵͬһһһУʿҲ˵ʲôһִǱȴ֧ţûֵ֧ĻһҲò֧֡
˵ԪһööͶµĹӣʿҲһ˿Ľ
ԪȰҹħ۵ľѪŪһ㶼һͨʿʵͻͽһ֮еĽ㼸ǷԪģһ츳֮ҲǶ˵ġ
ԯĴʼˣǵһһ֮Ѫࡣ
ʹĳԱ֮Ҳֻм˲֪ôһĴڣԯ뿪壬֮ϰˣѾ¶ˡ
ȥתԯὫһġɽ֮д
һüĿʿգʿôȥˣѾˣȻʼһ֣ҲѹȻˡ
ħ֮У粨£ħ۶ܵ룡
ͺȴûǰȥæƾ׻ʽǲħħйĽӴ
ǰȥħ۶ùˣ粨ȥģ׾û硣
һδǾͣǸûķﵹһѣŭķ粨еȫЩħϡ
еħ۶粨ݺݵһ١
˵ǱԣʵһߵĴ뱻
ҲЩħ۹˼ɷ粨ݲҶģƴĺͷ粨֡
ʵ౾ʹҪǻƴĻ粨ֱӴпܡ
ڷ粨ݣħǻǿ˷粨ĸı䣬Ȼһɴȴ͸¶޵ջ
ڳħ۲˵˵粨ǰҲ޾ħľɫŮʮ֮еľλ񶼷׷粨
Ϊ粨˹ֲĴΪӱֵ̫ˣںܶħ۶˷粨һɫŮ
ΪʲôûֵҰʱ򣬷粨ֻһ䡣
Ұʵ˵ħ۶Ѿǹάˣ粨һָܽ
˵ҪҰҲˣһٴⲻˡ
䣡һ˦һֱӽҰˡ
⡣粨Ҳû£ֱӻص˹֮С
ʣµħҲ⣬˭ŮƱģҪ粨뵽ʲôĥǵĻĳŲסˡ
ҷűĸӣ㻹ǵһ粨ϵɴžӵһЦʱ䶼ůһЦݷ粨һ㶼Ϊ
ˣ󹫴Ϣǰҹ۹ͻȻһʿһö
粨üͷһ壺ô뵽ټģ
УʲôöýռˣҲҪһʦҲ֮мʲô粨һһö
ҹ۹֮еǿЦãֻɰˣ˳λʦһ̽һĵãȴǲ߶ʮһˡ
һλҪʦȥһˡǸĿߵһۡ
һħһʦҲħ֮ΨһʦħΪ塣
޷ѵһͬһϹͷҲǺþû߶ˣȥҲáЦЦȻǺȤġ
ǰħ򡣡˵
ҹʮ֮һӢ䣬ӢЭĴǸҹ۹ǱڵĲѡ
ϷǷˡ˵ͷħ֮Ҫֵ˿ɲ٣ҪҪ
Ļ˵Ǹˡ
˵Ҳħ۾ǿߣԵʣҪսĻҲǺ൱ħ֮еǿߣĻôħܹ֮˵ָˡ
ʦˣ幧һڰҹ۹֮г˰ҹ֮λߡ
·ɣϷѾȲˡ˵
˵ͷĸ󣬳űħķȥ
ôˣգҰ˵ʹ˿ȴǷĿա
顣ع΢΢̾˿мҪˣʼ޷ƽ
ǵϢ˷ۡ
ףԶͻȻ
һʶæţȴûзӰ
װͿЦҡҡͷ
Ҹоˣ׾ǱߣָԶʶ޷ǵĵطԱʵôԶͲܲ
׻ˣ׻ˣϲ
ıô֪׻ˣ
֪֪鼴ñǿġ
ס˱С֣߰ɣȥӭף
˿϶ôҲűһأ֮һĸӦɡ
ȵңһΣ͵ҲȤܹľͷ겻ŮӵǺηʥ
ű˸൱·ˣȻǰһӰＱٷٶȣܵħˡ
ףףԶͺ
һӰһ٣Ȼӿٶȡ
ˣͿˣ飬ֱǧӰһγǰ
㲻ڰɣȻ͵۽ǳỨ
紵۾ˡͲ˲۽ǵˮж᲻ᵯֻδĴ
㡣û뵽ڱ߻ῴ͡
þò͵һЦ
һμ͵ʱ˵Щʲôǵʱȴ벻˵Щʲô
ţþòɫЩȻ
жˣһ켪𵤰ɡñһ켪𵤽顣
ô֪һ㶣ж֮ûк˭˵ʹҰҲ֪
𲶾ҲΪˣһֱҪʹࡣ¶һ˿ɬЦݡ
һμûԤ֮Щļһμƽƽ·ͽ겻żһ㣬˵ֻҪƽ


888 
ʹ𲶾صħʱҰ;סλħҲӷ粨˻
ͻȻҰҲЩȣ·̹㣬ٻҪпܵħ
û°ɡҰǵĿ飬ȴûйȥ
ͽһпҰ̬͸оǷ̬֮ȣ·¼ϼ̬ȡ
ڵ𲶾Ѿһʱֻ֮ܿԼͦȥ΢΢̾˿
ʹÿ춼ҪһΣҲʵΪˡ
𲶾ʱ򣬲ʺϷ켪𵤣ֻӵʹࡣ
õ𣿡˫ֵĺ󱳣ĻϵһһĹע֮УͺСģϵķ
˵ͷůĸо̶ȵĽ𲶾ʹࡣ
ףôģ޵˫ͨ죬֪۰Լÿ춼Ҫʹࡣ
ҡҡͷû£ֻˡ
ƭˣ嶼ü֣׿϶£޵ĸˡ
ڱ֪֮;һܵʦͶЩΪѣô׵ĲԲô򵥡
İɣ׾ԲµġͿű
ģš
Ȼʲôʱƭ㣡͵һЦȴޱȵĿɬ
ڵ𲶾ԶҪ鷳Щ𲶾ѾֵԪ
ܹĿ鵤֮еһͷѾήҲ
𲶾ҹĥѾ鲻ظԪ񼸺ɢľء
켪ҲڵĶأ漰ԪǾ鷳ˡüͷ
ˣѾûˡ黺վ
飬㻹һᣬʦϸ۲һ°ɡҰҲǼæȰʼնλľ롣
ͿҰһۣ
ʲôˣ㿴ҸʲôҰҲһ㶡
üͷһ壬ֱҰ֡
͵أһ⣬ĶҰϬ񿴵ҰֱҲ֪Լ͡
ԭˣ΢΢̾˿
ôˣ
ûʲôֻǿû𲶾ڱһɡ
飬ȷһ켪𵤣ܰγھųɵ𲶾˵
Ϳһ˫ͨıȥɣ㸸ǻҪ
ţһҪκҵŶȻЩ飬Ǳѡ͡
͵˵ͷ˵
𣬰еĶó
ʲôһ㶡
ҪʲôõõҩΪһϵҩӦòٰɡͿ
УǡΪѵĿ͡
ԸͣϵҩȫǴһı֮˽óģҪȫõ˵ĻȥǳԲ˶ߡ
һõҩһģĥߴˡüͷ
˵һõҩһЩϼһҲһͬġ𲻽˿ʮеݸ͡
ͨǿϵģҾõļֳ
ʹУʱһ㣡
ŽƷҩϳһޱһɢҩݣҲЩ𾪣ǸǼɵ
һҩͬһ㣬ʿϳ
ͣƽ˵Ĳľ磬ҲûаֵܹסϳĶԡ
һ֮ôղ־綾֮ͼæиϣִһ۷ףոɢݳȫپ
Ҳһ֮û飬ǻǵĻѾˡ
㵽ǴŪЩȫһһĶЩˣóʮ֮оȻ֮Ķ
ǽЩֱӽڤ֮У͸ұ֤ڤ֮᳹׳ΪһƬĺκﶼ
ɣҿЩǲصõģһΪΪءҲǴ󾪣˵ЩЯţǴûд򿪹
Ҳûд򿪣׶༪١
ʱһѾַ˰ɡͿЦһ
־綾֮йһ궼ǼΪص飬˵һʮˡ
ʵҲͲ²һѾҷˣȴΪħ磬ǲҲŽħ磬ֻܿǿһŵľ̾Ϣ
ЩȷѵһƷǡã֪һֵҩܹõЩҩͽʮȫ
ɣȫҪһΪҲֻϼģû뵽ȫõˡ
ҲЩҩ뵽İ취΢΢һЦ
ʲô취Щݰɣ֪ЩҩĶ֮ЩҩҲһ˿ɵóһ궼֮ˡ
ǻҪǧֶ棬ǧֶݣ˵
㲻ҪŪħ˰ɣ
ͷ˷ۣϢȥҪչǧֶ棬ǧֶݣҪѡ綾ҲܶڵĴڣҲҪŽײſԡ
ȻҪô඾ʲôóһƷҩ֮ͳױͣҲǰʣڵûжپ顣
ǧֶ棬ǧֶݣͺôֱʣָòķ粨е򵭵һЦ
ҵղؿһҪеĻ͹ȥɣƷҩ˭Ӷġ粨Ц
ΪռЩ涾ݣͿɶѪˣһֶֻҪҪľʮžƷ½׵ҩһ궾ݾžƷ½׵ҩ
涾ݶײɼһСľпɥͿļħ֮еЩǿ̶һ֮;յһֶ棬ܼʮֻٶֶݣܼİʮꡣ
٣ҩĴӦûǹġͿ֮һɫƷҩ˵ͷ
Ҫô඾涾ݣΪľܹκ顣
ڵòݶΪʹ켪ҲǼʹ࣬Ҫλǲ
һóĶһȻһַѾЧô͸ɴһҩ
ǧ򶾵ͿһҩֶҲһ˿ɵ
ǧֶǧֶƶɵǧ򶾵Ƕֵ֮ҩпܾΪ޷ȷպöԣʦ
Ҳֻǧ򶾵ܹ飬Զһöǧ򶾵ڡ
Ϊ֮Դǧ򶾵ܹ涾е𲶾Ȼǲڻ¡
ȻΣգȴֵһԣܱ𲶾ĥ֮ʹȥҪõĶࡣ
ٶҲħ֮еǿ߸˲صĴۣħۼǿڲժݻǲ׽ʱ򱻶
ΪΪħʵŪͷˡ
ɱսˣҪͳʱ䳤һĻħǿߵԻࡣ


889 
һƽ£ħ֮ʿ̲ס̧ͷ֮һơ
٣Զڱħ֮⣬忴һ併µĽ¶һ˿𾪡
ܹٵĵҩǽ𵤣
ħľ󲿷ʿΪƷ۷嵤ҩǵ֮ޣǾƷ۷ԶԶǼޣھƷ۷֮ϻһֵҩ˵֮еĴ𵤡
ʣ𵤼ĵҩΪϳ˵ĵҩ²ֵҩпܾõĵҩ
ʹʦ֮УܹƳ𵤵ҲָҲֻΪƳö𵤡
һö˰ҹħۣһöϱš
ǰħҲֻҪ̽һ͵ƺߣ˵۲˵ֽˡ
ߵҲεЦЦǵΪﵽħ򲻹ҪĹˣһ·ǻͣѰһЩҩ·һ¡
巢˱ħϿյĵٵĻΧϼȦ
ߣеվסˣ֪ʲôٵĵҩˡ
ʱħ˿һֻɫĵ¯֮⣬ֻһɫӰ
еʿǧ򶾵ʱѾɢˣȫɢ˾ħǧĵط
ǧ򶾵ͬСɣһֲħ򽫳
֪ǧ򶾵Σ֮Ұħʿǧ
֮ʱҲ㱻ЩɢĶӲƾĿԿ
һĹƳǧ򶾵
Ʒ۷ϵĽ𵤣Ȼ٣͵һЦ
дɫ¯ӡһΣ˵¯ٵ롣
ԵҩȻ޷ֵⵤٵģԱԼⵤ١
ðԵĵ٣Ȼо磡Ĵ£ܿ˾ħǧ֮⡣
һǰͲ˶ⶾ̫ˣжƵĽⶾҲ̤С
ָоֻҪԼ̤Уⶾ˲ͻ֮أ
ˣԶһɫĵ¯֮Уһöǧ򶾵ѾʼΣһ߲ʰ쵵Ķӡ
ȻǶһ
ƶ֣ƹ֮кпܾͱⶾˣһǽ𵤼ĶһŶȥǴ󹫿ҲԲ
Ϳͷһƣף𣬾粻ͣĺ͵塣
͵ͬһΡĴɽڽƺ͵¯мΡȻһ⽫Щס𡢾ȫա
Խٴ壡ǰһ
ʦӳȻżΪڶ֮ȴûжٵս
˰һгɵʿʹ֮Ҳ˵ǱǿҲֻսпѹһ
ħսһսսش鵤ʵҲǴ󽵣ʹȻǺ𣬵ʵȴѾʮĩˡ
ϣһƾͽһ飬ʢ׽֮˲䱻ա
һε˰£ʼնڵֵٵ
ɢһɲǣɫ¯֮еһ߲ʶײɫ¯ȻԶȥ
һѾǣ֮ǿԶǰƵǬ赤֮ϣǸһʱɳĻħۼǿҲδκε
ãԲݣ룡弱æһ¡
ⶾĶԾһѣħһΣ
ҩƵģϵ˻ôһС
£Һʹһ
Ҫֻǧ򶾵ѾεĶͲҪҩѣֻǵҩҪǣûǵĵҩźƿأ
䣡һ߲ʶӶݵ·ϣһͻȻ޾˲ͽһ߲ʶû
һ߲ʶһŭ𣬾Ȼ
ҪɱңҪɱңҺòײŻΣҲһ߲ʶ߾Ȼ͵ǰ
ǺܸߵĶȻ֪ǰ˲ǽƳˣҪֻ
Ŷ벻ǾȻôߡҲЩԾⶾߵƺߵĹͷˣһöոջεĵҩˣôܻӵ֮ߵǡ
ͱſķҪӡǣüͷһ塣
ãֻҪܻҪʲôû⣡߲ʶ߼æ˵ͷ
һ˵ֻҪܻʧȥһֵҲν
ֱⶾߵһħӡֻҪⶾʲôһĻǣֻʣһöǧ򶾵
ΧĶȫˡͿΧĶüͷ
û⣡ֻһ߲ʶֻſ˴죬Բǧ֮ڵĶ۳һö鱻С
øߵǣⵤҩѾн׽˰ɣ岻˼Ŀһߣһȣղϵһö𵤵Ҳʵ̫ˡ
˵һʮĻôĵҩֻһ꣬ǸտСˡ
ۣô߰ͻȻһֻСãһǻϲ
ѵͬ࣬СþȻ˳
λʦ˰ɡͿߣħ֮Ψһʦҹħ۵ĺѣͶٻ˵һЩġ
ڵǰθԳʦ忴һ߲ʶ߲̾һ𵤵ǾǷֱ𵤸µƾ֤ȻƵһöҪԶԶ
ʦԵȡһУһ߲ʶ߶ʱɵ͵֮ϡ
ͽһöǧ򶾵͵Զǧ֮ߡ
ȻⶾѾǣһߵӣôҲʡȥ͵鷳
һȡأԼҪȫĶࡣ
鷳ˣ𲶾ѾŮ˵Ϊһ壬ԪѾֻʣʮ֮һˣҪܳһʱκáҡҡͷ
һԳȡ𣿡üͷһ塣
У˵Ԫġҡҡͷ
嶾ѵѡ񣬿ϧ꾷֮ʱͽ嶾꾣Ͼ꾵ֶ֮ʱпܱ嶾֮ûʲô԰ﵽ
ȻҲһͷ嶾޵뷨ǸոƳ嶾Ҳδػ顣
û꾵ֶ֮嶾ȡĶأ嶾޵ĽҲʮֵĻȵܹʱ򶼲֪Ѿʲôʱˡ
ǾһİȫΪһ飬һһ塣Ϳ˶һۡ
лˣ߲ʶ߻ϲĽ
˵ѾΣȴֻǧ򶾵֮ϣһ壬ôжͷˡ
̷һŵҩĹڵ𲶾ȫʧͽǧ򶾵ݸ顣
ĹƣҪ꣬Ƿ¶ҪĴ㡣


890 ɡħ
֮Ȼñħʿع飬Ū˰²ɣⶼҰҪĵ飬ú֮ͺ̽ϵ顣
ͱ֮廹Ҫʤһ
Ͼǻ˲֪Ϲˣһˣ֮·ҪȻǱëͷСҪĶࡣ
̸ĺ죬嶼׼ħһʱ䡣
飬λҲֻҹħʾǰҹħһ塣
ʽıħ˲ͳħĽ㣬ֶ󹫻Ǹոջصħĺ󹫶۵ħġ
ǵ˰ҹ󹫵ӰʹǺͰҹ󹫽õĺҲûԴħ
󹫺Ͱҹ󹫹ϵǲ˭Ҳұ֤ҹ󹫻᲻Ϊʦİȫ쭣ħһǿߵſɲǰҹԼʵģʹӵħһǿֶ󹫲ҲǱҹѹķ
ֶ󹫵ľӵȷħһʵȴҹ󹫣ľʤ˰ҹ󹫵ľӣֻҪ޷ܰҹ󹫣ǰˡ
ԭʱĲ̫꣬һҩںϵʱѾɥʧˣƳĵҩôͿʥ޻֮µĵ¯ҡҡͷ
ʲôʱʲô棬һģֻҪԭûǿ;֪еҩԾˡ
ᣬܹôѾܲˣ뵱ôʱءǺЦ
Աԭ츳ĺҲǺϲ˵ҲҲҪʦ˭ɲΪԼܹ֮͡
ڹۿ̵ԭʥ֮͸϶͵֮ˡ
ʥ֮ᵽҪͱܽĻҪ֣Ҳǻǳ۳ʥӰһַ֮ϸǾ
ѧϰַ֮µȷǱһַҪǿ٣Ѿ̶ȵҩҩЧˣƷн׵ҩʱһ¯֮ƳƷģɰ˻ˡ
ͿԴ˾ˣֻЦЦʥȻʼֻǡļ򻯰汾۾̶ԶԶȲϡģҩҩԵó̶Ҳǡҡ
ȻѾǷչֵزħҪϳҪ൱ʱ䰡Цһ
֮в͵ĻʦҲһ֮лų֮ЩѾ׹ϵĲϵļһ
Ƿ磬ȴֻʦеĲ಻Ҫ̫
ʵҲһֱ֣Դ֯ΪʲôħͲأͶԴҲЩɻ
Ϊͳηʽͬҡҡͷ
һ㶣漴뵽֮е
ʵеͳΣһͳһƬ򣬶ħȡǹͳΣħͱָ۹Ȼڹ֮ڻֳһħ
֯ȫĳһģȫĴڣӰȴǳĴ
֮лûʲôϾҶһһ֯Ҳûʲô⣬οҲܺ͵ùϵ
ħ磬۹֮ûôѺãһһԺ۹ʵ½Ҫ۹Ͻɱˡ
ҷԴľǲܳħ֮еģҲ͵ħҪ磬ͳθֵĲɵıȻĽ
˵ħԶԶ磬ھӺǿߵ֮ȴǿ磬ͬͳθˣ˭Ҳ˵׼ָ˭˭
ÿ춼ħۼǿǰħҪͻһöҩ
ȫ;ܾˣ֮ǰΪռǧ򶾵ĲϣѾȥѵĵҩڴ֮еĵҩʱ֮ûҪ۵ҩĴ㡣
ǲˣһöҩʱɲ̣ΪҹħƼöҩ֮⣬϶Ƶҩģħ۶˵ֻһЩħˡ
ӵǵıԾ֮ԽǵòĶǾԽõļҲԽԽߣѾԶԶⵤҩļֵ
ͱб˲ռ˵ԭ򣬺ܡΪѡĴӦǵҪ󣬲ʿЩħۼǿ߽ϵıˡ
⽣ѾмƷ鱦ļˡͿһڹĳ⽣ϢЩȻ⽣м˲ٴĲϡ
͵Ľ۷ֱӽЩȫˣʣµĶˡ
ͽһööľƷҩͳȥһЩЩֵǮĶҲҡҡͷ
֪ˡּΪǮ֮ͨԴҲʾˡ
ҿΪҲﵽ˴ˣҲʱҪ׼һЩҩˣȻǵȵ˺׼ĻЩˡ˵
أʲôأһ㶡
ħ۾磬Ҳ˵ɾ磡忴ͣҲǺɻΪʲôһ㶼֪
ɣħۡԺ֮һһֱԼڴ֮ϻһ㾳磬ȴʼն֪ʲô
ɣħۣͬһ־磬ֻǽзͬˡʱҲˡ
֪һ㶡
֪ɾһΪʮأ˵ɾʮ֮ǳˣɣɣȻҲֻǴ˵ˡ˵
ħħҲΪ磬ֱӦɾʮءڴ󹫣Ȼɾصǿˡ
һһ˵ţ˿Ѿʼߵ͡
飬ô֮оֻͻ֪е
ɾ磬ҲЩǿڵľ硣
ɾ֮л㲻϶ǿߣҲصӡ
ŽǵĽʲô硣һġ
˵֮ǰǸĽ񻰣˵Ӧɾ˰ɡԴҲȷ
ŽǴ֮УֻҪҲûжʿԸȥѰǡ
ˣƺǸйڡͻȻ˷
ߣҪһսɫһ䡣
ڴɵ֮򽣵ȴͽ찵ӣȻƽ£һʧܣֶͿˣǶǰ̵飬һʱͺͽѾǲݵľˡ
ϧˣŽǽǿʹһ岻ԸЩӡҡҡͷȻһϼһ֣Žǡ
֮ȻҪýЦһ
ڴɵ֮˿ֽͬʱֵõ˽˵½Уֻʮ׻ʽϣɱŽʮ׻ʽԽ죬ʹż磬Ҳɵİա
ܹ֮ͻƣ״˵֮еɾĻôվ˰˳ɡ


891 Ĵ
ħۼǿ߾֮м˵ս
֮ǰڷ粨ͼϰħۣΪħۼħ֮洦ɼġ
Ҫ֪ڷ粨ħۼǿߣħǧģһЩħǴ̫ʱھʹڵϹŶˣʱĳħ֮г˶ǿߡ
֮бȻֻôɾǿߣǰ֮Ҳ˲ǿߣһɽ֮оʹŲǿߡ
ǿ߻ħħǿϲ٣ҲȥϾ࣬ǿߵļҲ࣬еĲ಻ֲĵز
ŽƺɾǿߣųһЩѾȥǿߣŽ֮Ҳɾǿߡ
ȻҪѰôҪЩҲڡ
ڽŽǵ棬ҲŽǰΪɫţҪҽ鷳ŽЩϼһԲӲҪԵĲһ죬Žǡ
ӱʮ겻Ѿôˣںٵϼꡣ
ҪôҪôҪջ
ѣȷ忴ϵĵҲݡ
ΪǿʵͻƣҲֻˡ͵һЦ
һͨ鱦һһžƷн׵ҩһһҵ鱦ԶһžƷн׵ҩ
һ֮׼ħ繫Ϣ仰˵;׼һ֮ṩħĵҩ
ҪĲʯɾҲ֮ǰҪҩ鱦ܶ鱦
һűƴͨ״⡶ƽʱ֮ûȡͻˣôֻܴӡˡ
鱦ʹǼƷ鱦͵ЧҲǼΪޣһν׵ı׼鱦
ֻ֮оһЩͨ鱦ʿܹóһǧҵ鱦ĻͲǼƷҩ
֮һ仰ϵ˼ֻҪõó鱦ôͻõҪĵҩ۶٣ֻҪ㸶Ǯ
ǾԴѾǼֲˣͻħ֮ǰɾǿѵĵҩˣ˵Щڱָ֮еʿƷҩˡ
ﵽħһ϶ٻм鱦ģһЩò鱦һҩЩħǿ˵ҲǺ顣
Щ鱦ų϶ǲģ鱦ᱻʿɱһǲóġ
Ŷһٶŵҩ粨¶һ˿Ц⣬ȻҪһˣһϵıȻһħǿܹˡ
ʦ㿴һսܹһٵҩһֱߵǽˮ¥̨ȵ£ᵽʱóһս
ȣⲻǻʧ׵ս𣿡𿴵һŻսЦ
׵սڻ˵һݴǻഫģֻħսʱսʧˣ˭Ҳ֪ȥˡ
鱦ǧҵ鱦ģȫܼ̫һ׵۷ʱ壬ʹǴڵʿҲѿ׵սϤɴͽսϢ˵˳
žƷϽ׵ҩΣͿһۡ
ԡ˵ͷ
ˬĸžƷϽ׵ҩ֮һ׵սͳʧ鱦֮ϡ
ô£ħ磬һ޴֮ϣ׵սͻȻʧˣıԶǰһΡ
ǰܼҰ̾һ
׵սҲֻ˵һ֮ϲֵ֮鱦ֻǲģʮҲһ׵սṩĶࡣ
Щͨ鱦ṩľȻ٣ʤ࣬һЩħ۶Ūһ鱦һ
ҲľˣǶΪ鱦Ѿôˣһʱɵ鱦Ѿ°ټˡ
粨ˣһ۾ʱ
粨ǰҹ۵ã͵Ҳ뿴粨Σ
ǧʮĸ׶Ϳһ鱦Ϳĵڶı͡
۹׵ս֮ϣҲֻǸžƷϽ׵ҩļ۸
ǽóһ鱦
ǡ֮ظһض̹һ
ֻ֮йĸ鱦ͬظǳͷβĸ鱦ˣֻҪһظϣ֮ͻֱӽڣٶȺܿ죡
߰ҵ鱦һֻΪֻиЧӿǰġ
һξͶ᲻ýˣظֱΪƵģϵĻﵽڵʱ佫̴롣
ʮžƷϽ׵ҩ
ظϵʱܹԵĸоΧ֮ظת֮ڣֱӱΪ
һҲһǷ粨ǰùıһһӡ
ʲôȻⶫ
ܹ˶ݵĶҲȤ
֮һ˿
˿һ㶣˿Ҳ
Ǵ󹫵ķ˿˵ǴΪ粨ƵıлŴ󹫵һ˿ⷢ˿һݡ
ⲻ鱦ֵȴ鱦֮ϣħһǿߵ֪жôֲ
һٿžƷϽ׵ҩ̾˿
ⲻǷ˿ļֵǼľⷢ˿֮аҹļֵ
粨ǺưЦЦ
ôˣѵҳԿˣһ㶡
Կǲڣ½еˡЦҡҡͷ
Ըꡣ
Цҡҡͷ֪ҹÿ궼粨һƷ˿ΪһǶ˼ˣǱ粨ǧ˵жٷ˿
ɫһ䣺˻棿
˵鷳ˡҡҡͷ
Ȼҹ󹫵ķ˿ֵۣǼܲס粨డ
ħ֮Ҳͷ粨ӵʸܹĵҹշҪɱ粨ڰҹǰɱѶ١
ⷢ˿δûֵּ΢΢һЦ
͵ֱӽⷢ˿֮У
ʱһֲ͵˲
ۣһѪһѾ˵ꡣ
ǿǰҹ۵һȻǿ̶ֳȣͲϲ
ͺʹ֮ĲԨݡ
һǰ;ͬһֻһ㣡
е㵨ӣȻҽűꡣҹ۹֮ĵһЦ
䣡Ѿ֪ԼǵڼαˣÿһҪҹħ۵شϲȱҩ̷ͣ˵ҩϢһʱֽ֮С


892 
Ҳֻͻôĵӣܴ֮һνⷢ˿֮С
Ҳֻӵôĵҩֻܴ֮һŵҩȻԴһɻָ
ҪǸôĻͲ֪ȥˡ
һδεܴҲûκεջͿԵĸоڱҹħ۵ȻٻָԽ
͵ԶԶҪͬʿǿĶ࣬ǿһǶصʿҹ۵֮£͵ڷɱ䡣
ܹоֻҪԼܹڰҹħ۵һ֧֮Źһյʱ䣬꽫ؾ硣
Ҿؾ֮еٮٮߣҪʮ׻ʽûеǵ꿰ؾ֮󣬿ʮ׻ʽֵ
֪ⷢ˿֮е᲻һһǿһαⷢ˿֮еʱô뵽
һŵҩָܴ֮ͳȴʮַ˼öƷҩһҩֱӳ˴ڡ
ѰʿǿȸΪȴǷ˹ǿѾԶԶΪҪľǲϵĻۣһﵽ˽ޣͻȻȻ顣
ʿͷʹѵƿ⣬ƺǿġ
ȻҲζ֮·һ˳ġ
Ļʵ̫ͻСʱʲôѣǵ󾳽ʱҪŬͻѰʿʮǰٱ
ոմ𿴵һգ۾ͻˣΪԼˡ
ǿ͵ȷǴڵʱҲһ
ͻƴڻûмأôôͻˡ
˵ѾαɾǿߣǶһطֲڵʵ
Ͳһ壬֮ǾԲطġ
Ѳ֮аһţĲ˼顣
ţԳһЦ
Сͺ۶ûʲôϵʹѾԼʸƵĲˣǺ֮еЩȻǲֵһᡣ
ܹߵڿľԼŬİ
Ҳһԣкôġָָҹ۵ķ˿
ɫһ䣺˰ɣҿûŰ򡣡
Ȼȥԣÿһνⷢ˿֮УʱͻѪģɲ
˵ĥ̫࣬ʲôˣƽŰ˼幦ܳϵĴҲûʲôʵЩʹʵ̫΢ˡ
ӣһνһ˿֮УֻεҡҡͷѾõδͻһѪˡ
Ȼʮʱ䣬ǿѪ
סˣסˣʹѪͻ޷סԼĵ˷ܡ
һɲھסҹħĺǺͰҹħ۵ĶײһΡ
Ȼ͵ʧܶգһˣѾǺһͬһ֮ˣȻ磬Ҳûκεֵˡ
һһΣִ˲ƣĺһƷ˿֮еͣĽ
䣡ڣڰ֮һƷ˿Էˡ
ȻǷ˿֮еһĸɾˣҹ۹֮еҲ¶˲˼ɫ
һжǿˣ˵һССĴʿһоħҲпܱش
ͽһĻежôľȣͽһƷ˿֮еĸɾˣֻ˵֮ͽⷢ˿֮еƵʵ̫Ƶˡ
ĲǳһĺǺͰҹħ۵ͣײһҹħ۵ٶȻǳɱˣڳ˼ֲ
һԼҲûԤϵһײ֮͵һ׳͵ɾصʿҲ·硣
粨·֪ͽһƷ˿֮еĹһ㣬֮һƷ˿һٿžƷҩ
䣡׼һһζԺʱ򣬼ǵصѹ˲ͽͽһƷ˿곹
һοɲѪôˣ͵걻˵˸ʹд鵤̷ҲķµʱŻ
Ͷⷢ˿֮еһ˿־壬ԶһƵĿֲûκεĵֵ
̫ǿˣ΢΢̾˿ֻܽһƷ˿ʱղ
ߣΪôöԸ𣿡Цˡ
ôͺľҲǺûӣǿ˷˿֮еɾصǿˣȻ˵ȻǲֵһᣬǶ˵ȴһԿԽĺ蹵ˡ
Ҳû׼һƷ˿֮ţϾбȫһռ鱦
͵ҲһģƿĻֱӵ鱦ˡ
ǵ⡶ǰһͨ϶Ȳˡ
ңͿ˵Ѿǽ⡶ˡ
ͻ;ħдһ֮ռ˾Եƣķ֮ҲƽɫʹħȫһҲֻǿƿ͵ƤѪ͹ͷûκεĻᡣ
͵ı׻ʽ֮ƣԲûʩչǿֶΣҲѾþסλħ𾪲ˡ
ǴûһڵʿܹǱƵֵز
ʦǶóôʦս֮ǿǾħǣ鶼Щɻ
Ҳ֮ʵǿһλˣǼʹ͵ʱȴҲһ˿ҡ
ڵ𲶾ˣͿһۡ
öˣѾٷˡ鵭һЦ
ͺʳǻסˣֻǵ˵ͷԪҪģǧ򶾵ʱ
ѵýħһˣͲ׼ֻڱħţҲҪܹͥ絽ʲôĴڡ
;뿪ħȻЩԣѡ˺һ
Ͼ֮ⶼħ֮ˣҲûʲô
׼ȥʵ
ȥħĹڣɡһᡣ
ħҲһЩȤģ뿴嵽ʲôġ
ҲãҵҺħһҲЩ飬ǲΪǡ彫һöƽ͡
ͺл֮󣬱һ뿪˱ħ
һε뿪Ҳո˵һĿռ䴩żʹħۼǿ߳ҲܹȻǲǺһǿ֣߳ǿħҲûмҲôùϣ


893 һ鷳
һɽ֮УªĹħŰΧ
Ҿ˵ֱӴռȥƫƫҪߵģºˣ˰ɡһһֱڱԹţȴκεľŻп־塣
ֱӴȥĻŪЩöˡһλ귭˷ۣһŵҩⵤҩķĩͿڲϷתϡ
ҲǣүʲôûԹ㻹ζĺܡһλٺһЦ
ǲҪ̫ˣǴ٣ϵĲｻ촦⼸ħʵ޿̡
ǳʼʿûаǵһ£øʲôǸʲô
үã׼ɱ䣬ɡһ۾Ķ㡣
ֵǣɱǣһͷţǵĹħһ𣬴׳ֱۻӶֱ
Ū̫ѪˣȻȻûθڳԷˡ̧ͷһۡ
һĵ񣬶˵ҪɱλǺܼ򵥵ġ
һӣһռѷֱӽţǹħˣʬ޴档
˭ĸĻĺһ
ߣһʹ֮ΪǿţǹħЩħҲɵӣ֪ǰ˵ʵԶԶ֮ϣҲֻǰװ
ˣͽһݸ
˵Ҳ֣˿ʼնǰ񣬿ڸҲһһĺãô̰ԵҲζסˡ
˭뵽ɽˮ֮оȻζ
˼ļ֮ͺһ·ˡ
ô£ºֳôô࣡뿪죬һˮ̶Χʵǿʿˮ̶֮һ㣬⼸ʿɫܲÿ
Щǽºڴ˴ģΪ˱֤ЩζºûʲôĻ֮
˵ûʲôػһǽºͳηΧ˭֪ºȺãȻûʲô۵ʿ׽㡣
һҪ⼸ʿɫݵ˵
ʱݣͻȻһʿ۾ͻȻ
ˣһֻ۾֮Уˮ̶Χľʼһֱݵ֮ǰ
ͺﲶ׽γ㶼һֻ۾Ŀˡ
֮ˡһʿüͷһ塣
ʲôˣ˽ºĶˡͷʿһ
ֻĻǻʦڵģϾˮ̶ҲȶºҲ̫ƽϡ
ʮʮ⼸ˮ̶֮еһ룬࣬ºζġ
׷ʿڿնٶ֮ת֮Ѿ׷˲еͺˡ
ǣץ
Ҳһ㶣ô£ôͻȻðôڵǿߣоȻһλħۼǿߡ
ʲôһ
ץǣͷʿһһֻצʱɳ
ϣָһ㣬һ۶ɵĳʱצײɡ
㡭ҷʿŭ
ЦѵץЦһһնʱâͬһ¡
ޣħۼǿҲһæӶצֵ⽣ꡣ
͵˵߽ż⣬һ̾Ѿһħǿߵһ׳ѾĲ֮ϡ
𶯣Ȼˡһ
͵ѾǼֲˣûж˿֮Ҳʲôֻͨǵıɾ˲Ϣ
ÿ죡ħǿ߲˼ĿѾԼϵ׳ֻҪⳤһͻͷأó壬ûдﵽѪľ磬ͷ­ˡ
ΪʲôҪץǣʵ
Ϊǳ˽º㣡ħҲû˿
һֻۣεЦѹɽ֮лζ㣬벻ȻģҶԷһ
һħǵһҲ֪̫أº겻
Ȼ֪ԵɣҲû׼Ϊħˣ˵Ҳǲȡ
鴿ᣬҲ֪ǰ֮׳
ô˵Ҳʲôãºӳ̶ȾԳǵ󣬾ǣ׷ǣζӲġħǿߺһ
ӣ˵ҪһȥǽºءЦ
ҹħʮ֮УսսһǻһӢǴһ粨ǵλһºܵһ
ҪǽºħҲһ㶣͵˽ºΪӵ㾹Ȼеȥº˵Ӳɡ
ºǸ׼һǺ㻻һžƷҩǸҲº
ڱħʱͷųϢҪõҩһ鱦ҲóһЩ鱦һƫƫºȻһһֱǱ˳ȥӴºҲͳΪ˶Ĵʡ
ҹ۹֮ҲӦûеڶºˡ͵һЦ
߰ɣŸʲôһ
ȥôϣҲãȫǣҵҲ᲻٣ħЦһѾ϶ͺǱˣ˽ºʿûл뿪
дţҹħ۲ǳ˽º㣬ºҹħ۶˸Ѫͷҹħ۶ɼºǶô⼸ˡ
ͺƵĸ⼸ʿĺ棬ʱǱ·һޱȺĹ
ºĹһȣ粨Ĺ·һªéһ㡣
ħܵˡͿһҲ̲ס̾һ˵ºĹں̶֮ѾǳԽ˰ҹ۹ħ֮Ĺ
Ҳ֪ҹħôģȻºѹıȰҹ۹Ҫ̲סֹһ
ץǸ̾һʱΧͻȻϰʿЩʿѾɴʱ׼֡
ӳһŶ
ǡ
үġ
ʸǡħټӳⶫ֮ϵɫ˼顣
͡͵˵
ħһ㶣ħ֮ƺûôһﰡܹõºҲôˣЩ֮оûһĴڡ
ϹĹۣôܹôԴʦˣͻȻһ׵ֱӽΧʿȥ
ʦˣ˼˲£㡣һʿǸ⡣
ʦʲôʦħۻЩɻ
ǵӦʱȴԼԸ֪ˡ
Ѿˣǵͣ˵ºҲỤ


894 ˣ
һʿ͵˵ͷǽºɵħȥǸʿҲħ֮Ϊʶ͵ʿ֮һ
ȥɣĽһꡣʿһ仰жʿ³
Ľһ꣬ͷɲᰡЩʿ޷Ľʹ඼˵ġ
ЩʿҲ֪ĽһѾĳͷˣýºĻǾͲĽһôˣڳв뵽ץһжʿᱻ꣬ǵ꽫ԶԶڵط֮бܼ尾ܡ
ʦˣүѾȺˡʿ͡
ðɣҲʶһº͵˵ͷ
Ȼºݳ֮ħѾΪûһʿǾ޷ᵽݳ־ʲô
ɡͿſһˮ֮еļʵ
ʦǺǺү֮вɹʿ˳һ͵ƨ
ǷеҲֻҹԡޱ߷֮£пܵ
֪ΪŽƷҩֵܶҩ֮жõõȴûлõһꡣ
ϾѾضΪѣ˵ҪӷŪˡ
ŽƷҩſڵ裬ºĲһݳޡ
ȻЩۺ죬ͻûпҪһ꣬ϾѾ͵˼ҵˣٿҪĻʵе˵ȥˡ
ݳްŽµĵ棬Щ澹Ȼðɳɵģ񲢲ټЩ涼ɰɳƴӶɣɳǼΪ
롣ڶʿĴ֮£תһ·ڱ㿴һȪ
裡۾һͻô裬ʵ̫ˡ
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ر䵤ֲĵͬһŵģҲʲôŵĵҩ
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һȻǲҪˣǱĵھž⻯òһöҩˡºٺһЦ
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͵һЦһΣֻȡһЩħЩûκεĻɡ
ܣħĹڣַɫħһ
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ҲħĹڣ֮Բ֮ڵħȫ;ۼ˹
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⴫֪֮һϢڶߵ֮£Ԫ֮ϵ𲶾Ҳ߰˰ˣ˵ѾǸԭˣʣĶضҲûжٵΣˡ
ħ·ͻȻֵǸȴһ
ħ֮Ϣ߲֪ͨħ·һرߵϢ޷ãѾʿˡ
رħ򣡡һʱԽؿռ䡣
𶼾Щ˼飬͵ռһͨʹõԽˣܹ˾͵峤ˡ
֮ڴԽؿռ֮ͺγ˱ħϿա
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͸ϻʱǸոպã˼ħۼǿӲߡ
ҰǶס˱ߣ⼸ħ۽롣
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䣡ͻȻһӰͻȻ˳
ãֱˣҰɫһ䡣
ˣСħһ
䣡ͻȻ䣬ıѩ֮


897 
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֮кôҲһЩħۼǿߣȴûκһ˿Ӱγġ
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ʱ⼸ħ۸оԼǱһ߸ˣǵΪȻһС
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ñĺϧҡЦһΧһ㱡ĽɫڶЩֲĺ޷ֺ
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䣬̵ģаţħһ߾;ܲˡ
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СҴүү˯֪ѩ״󹷿ԡ
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ĳҲ̫ʱڣ̫ʥҲʧʿ֮С
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898 
Ҫн۷׻ĻǺǿҲδ֮ܽС
ǰʵɶڻ˰ɣôһ֮У̲סʵ
ɣô򵥣̫ʥ֮Ҳֻһ˳ɰˣʵγɣѩ״󹷲мĺһ·ڳЦ͵֪һ㡣
Ȼѩ״󹷵ʵǴ󹫼ģôʵǿӹɵģǾѩ״Ҳ̸֮£֪ѣû뵽ɻ֮ѡ
̫һҲˡѩ״Ƴһۡ
͵˵ͷʲѾ˵ǲˣǺ̫ʥһȻǲˣǲ޿ɾҩĵز
̫ʥǿҲֻһ˳ɣȻûκεˡ
СôģҼǵҿǰΧñס˵ģʲô˽ġʵ
ǰǴһģһֱͨǰڡʵ˵
ôܣүıƳġЩ˼Ŀһֱͨ
ͷ˷ۣټ᲻ɴߵĶҲ޷סʱĸʴ˯֪ѾȥˣıڻҲʲô޷ܵ顣
ˣ߰ɣүҪ˯أҪءһҲֻаԼͦˡ
ͿЦһû뵽ƴҲֻǿһѩ״󹷣һһ˯ѩ״󹷡
֮ҲûʲôõģҲͣϲ˯ͳ˯ɣûκεӰ졣
벻һжǰġƺôɾͽˡ
ǡ;ȵĿԼʿܹ˷֮еĺ뵽Ȼʿ򵥡
ҹ£ʮħ֮콣Īʣʿһ
ǿߣһѹĪܹ֮С
ʮͬʮħǰҹ󹫵ֻ԰ҹ󹫸𣬵ʵȴһһǿ󣬲ںǿߡ
Īһۣ󱲺ǿ
󣬴롣ĪʶŰ
ûȤֻ˯һȻĪʣ³һں˲䣬Ѩͱ
Ҫˣûĸҷģ콣Īʺһһ֮ϡ
䣡ĽĪȫһҲ֮һ˺ۣҺܿһ׺۾ͳʧˡ
һ󣬲̫ʱھͳǿߣĪʺһеĶ콣ڹһ⽣ֱӴ˱֮С
ڹӿµıȻըѣ콣Īǿʵֱƿ˱㣡
ҪƱү֣һںǶĪʵ
ĪеĶ콣ҲǷƷӲ˰ļں֮󣬳˱һЩ֮⣬Ȼûκεˡ
ͺʶȤ˵һߣҹħ۵ûбҪ֣֮սҲֵܹġ
Ȼֻһѩɫ󹷵ӣǴȴǺһצĪȫֵ
Ͼ̫ʱھѾİʵ֮ĪʻҪ߳һΡ
ĪȴƾеĶ콣ӲǺͰһ¡
ǳûзĿԲ޷ڶʱ֮Īʡ
飡һצĪʵ֮ϡ
ڹһһڹ⵲סĺһһצҲĪʵ֮һӡˣû˵Īʵĸ
ʮħһʡ͵ĵƣһҹ¾Ȼܹ˶ǿߣʵ̫˼ˡ
սڳʤƽȴѾбĪʱƵòϵĺˡ
ϣצ˶콣֮ϣĪʾ;Ȼûץס콣ֱӱķɴԱߵı֮С
ҹһںֱӽĪʶ˱
˷˱үôֲ֪ҪķѶʱܲˡƲƲ죬˼ͨȻһ˽ȥ
ΪԺܹõ˯׼һطˡ
Ҫű㲻ܾܾͻȻߵ¶½˼֡
ĪʾȻǴʱĪϵƺ֮ǰֱǲͬն
Īʣģ;ȵĿǰˡ
ĵϢֻͬǱڷ֮ʱǿ˲֪ٱ
;ȵǣҹħ۾Ȼֱ£µ巢
Ŷɾ۷Ĵڣϧһ޷ġҲ¶һ˿֮ɫħĵһǿߣǰҲòӣʹһֻĵһ
䣡һĳľѾ˰󣬾ȻҪˡ
ϧϾǰһŤת˲һںĪʵ֮ϡ
ħӡͻȻһӡ˺Īһתһ˰ĸ
ķӦҲĪʳŵ˲䣬ԼĸγһܣĪʵĽߡ
֮ǰĪʺͰĴ򶷾Ѿܼˣǻ֮˵ٶѾǿ쵽˼£֮оֻӰڲͣĴš
ֻأͻȻĪһȣһһγһԲС
Ҫƿҵֻֻǰ׷ңһ·ĺһ
ֻصû뵽̫ʥ֮⻹ʿֵܹԩܵòԩʹȫʢʱҲĶ֡ҡҡͷ
ĿƵĪʿһۣûж˵ʲôȥ֮ټı֮оֻʣһˡ
ǿĪҲǰ˰ϣǰȴǰϣʹԼ֣ƾһ˰ħһǵ֮
ͻȻǰһڰ˯ĵطһطɫҪһЩ
꣡׻ʽһ£˳ɫгһɫС顣
ɫС֮Уһöҩһö
ʹű㣬ܹоһŵҩҩԻڣ˵˲٣ǻǴһС롣
ɷɷ¶һ˿Цݡ
ʣ⡶ɷĹھһɷųܹһС
һöɷ˰Ѫĵҩһöҩ֮ɷȻ°빦
ûʲôôģ޻ףһűϵĻ壬ǶͲ
ʹһͨۺ죬Ҳǲ׼⡶ɷģʺһŹ
Ȼ֪ǺֹǾǱȲ⡶ɷģϾ̫ʥͨҪͨͨǿٱˡ
û˰Ҳһͨı߰ˣܿ;뿪ߡ
ôõʲôûУһֱһͳȲʵ
ûʲôöһöһŵҩǶò˵
ŶʲôҩĴǰ


899 
ûãͽɷ֮󣬱㶯־
ʦ𣡡ʮȥˣԭҲɳ˲٣ҲǲףƷҩҲһİգΪǴﵽԪӤڡ
ҲҰչˣ˱ԭԴܹô̵ʱ֮ڽԪӤڡ
˵ħСһ㣬ЩԴǲٵġ
ţСʱΪʦѰһʥˡͿ˱ԭһۡ
лʦ𣡡ԭһ뵽Լܹʥ̲ס˷
ΪΪ͵ĵӣħ֮еĵλһˣǵ߲ʵħ۶Ҳһĺ
ԭЩĸı䶼ʦҪֵλͱõʦͬȻͻ˲䱻ԭΡ
ɷ͡ɷ֮;չء
ǽʱһ٣ȥһ죬ھ͹ȥһꡣ
ѾǴ˺ڣΪƺǾ綥ǿ߻кܴĲ࣬ɣͱɾ硣
Ϊ˱ԱɾǱġ
֪ԼҪͻɾǺѣͨʿͻҪԴ˴αչأҲֻ׼ԼΪԲľ磬Ҳαɾ磬һޱǿо׻ʽʹɾصǿߣҲžųɵʤ㡣
ߣΪ˷ҲŲɶõã˼ӳ֮͵ٶҲǿ˲١
֮ӵǧ飬ҹܲǼΪֲģټͼΪ˼Ѿ֮ʵ彣ʽˡ
ʾۼ࣬ȴʽػ飬干͵һ˶ȻϲʣǷ䵽Լϵȴǲʽٶ١
ʮ׻ʽѾ߰˳ɣʣʮ֮Ҳ깤
ΪҪǣ⻯ʵҲ˳Ľʹ͵ı𣬵ҲҪʤͨħǿˣֵĻصǿĿһս
һɣڵ֮һš
ֹ֮꣬ͣɡ
һööҩǣڵ֮ʱһһεĳء
ǳԲľѣ;Լڳɾƿ֮ʱôֲ
ҿʮöҩʮöҩһͻء
ҧҧʹ֪ɹļ΢΢ͻǳһ¡
һٶöҩ͵ȼգ׼ֱӽɾ硣
ʵ֤ˣʹһöҩƿǰҲޱȵĴ޷ֺ
жٴʿһƿ֮ϣ͵ƿǿͻƸûô򵥡
ˡҡҡͷ¶һ˿Ѫһγǵûгɹ˵Լڷ˹ĵҩЩҩ͵ŰͲòʮĹЩҩȻֻʮĹȶԼơ
ʮ׻ʽҲɣʹ߶ǧܽǴɱһصǿˡ
ڴ㹦֮ǽǧܽԭ벿Ҳɹ
ǧ֮ܽенҲ;Ŀǰ۹⣬нвȥȡ֮ноֻʣС
һǸĽɨϣһȺ幥ĽУһǽָģǽнںһһԱǿ
ǰһֱ޷ġˡڴ㹦İ֮£Ҳ˳
⡶ˡҲһУһйؼ汸ĽУǰкϲһѡС
ĿڽϵʵѾڽˡ
ѾͻķϵĿ֮Ҳû׼ʰ˼ϾʵҪƳһܹõԼĿҪѵĴۿɲСҲҲһ⣬⵹ǳ˼һĴڡ
һֱûкʵ۾ġۡȴǲ׼ϾһͨǷһֻͨķĿܷ˿ֲܹѰһֻĿĻ⡶ܹۡΪ͵һɱﵡ
ͿѾ飬̾õʱҲһСȴٲȻΪһС磬仯ʵ̫ˡ
ôı䣬Ǻļɵȴһɲġ
ѾǽˣȴǲҿķΧֺ
֮лʲôͲֻҪչȥһƬսɢȥ
ͳصʱѾȥһˣҲζ֮дˣ
䣡ճ飬;̲סһָоڱ֮˰һ㣬ֻ⺮֮˲١
飡һ䣬Ҳֻ顣
ȻڱħϿտһͷɱڲͣźÿһΣڵĺͱԽȥĹڵĺͻúͰһ㡣
壬ڳˣˡصϲĽ
ͲӣֻһѣǾá
ôˣ˭۸
Ƕ棬׶ֻҪչأҶˡ
ЦЦҪʲô
ȥɣͻȻĿ͡
ͶʱСӵĵԽԽˣȻ綼ȥ
ͻţҲûʲôģҲ׼һˣħĿѾﵽˡ
û飬һҲû黹赣ǰıҲŮ
Ȼģȴǧ˿ƵĹϵҰûκιϵˡ
͵Ʋ⣬Ӧĵڶ˸ֻǲ֪ڷħ֮ʱʲôȻѳڶ˸
ҰһҲ֪ʲôȻǸ֮ˣȻǲӵˡ
ȥ磬Ŀԡ͵һЦ
İͻȻ˷ܵЦ
ҪȵΪʿſŶЦ
ԱҪڶ֪Ҫˡ
ߣƭˡС졣
ˣʵ̫Ա㣬ҲûаաԴҡҡͷ
һħʿжôͲ֪ʿħȴñðա


900 
ͻʱģ鲢ûҪһ뿪˼
ҲûǿȻ֪ħЩʲô飬ѡԸȴֱԸһ졣
˵Ҫ磬ĵĪˣѾǼˡ
˵ͻħ֮ʱǾһҪԵˣפħսħѾõΪͣһȻΪˡ
һη粢ûʲôѣͻħһΣʵ̫ˡ
һ֮ͺӰͳ˱ڤ֮Ͽա
ֱɡ͵һЦ
ҲãһһȥҪˡһ뵽ԼٳͷЦһ
Խħ磬һ㹻Բ˶ˡ
ֱ֮һλص֮УħһʵǵͣҲû֮ǰηˡ
һʱõ͵Ϣû뵽ǣͷǵûжܣֱӽ˸¥֮С
ⲻʦ𣿡񵭵һЦ
Ҳû뵽;ȻصôȻ˸ڻ֮ʱ˵Ǵʰ
ЦЦҲһɾصǿߣ֮Ҳѷɫˡ
ɫһϵЦݶû뵽ô̵ʱ䣬;ȻѾܹΪˡ
ͿֱҲһˬ֮ǰɳСĿȻκβ񣬵ܹԱҲǺġ
Ͼ񣬺ܿʹ־֮лع
˵ɣһʲô⡣˵
ͿһۣҪͻĿǰƿ׼һЩҩЩҩȴ޷ѰͨЩҩ˵ֵġ
óҩ嵥ɫЩȻ
Ҫҩ֮мΪģǰǱ򿪣ҲδܴЩҩ
嵥֮ϵҩ಻°֣һӽȥģΪľԼҪƵǺֵҩ
ڿɾһ֪жʿֹڴˣܹɾĸһ
ʹһҪƵĵҩҲֻɵļʰˣܷͻƾҪ컯ˡ
ŪǧˮҲ⣬˪֥лپΪˡҡҡͷ
ҩ֮УҲֻŪʮ֣ʣµľҲûа취
Уûеġҡҡͷ
ǾʮְɣʣµԼ취͵˵ͷѾǰһҩŪˣѾǺˡ
֪ʦ׼ʲôļ۸չأ񵭵һЦ
ͬȼĵҩһöҩȡһҩ
һ㶣ͳִ󷽣ħսҩ
ãɽһʱһʱ֮Щҩͻ¥֮СһģʱǶʼ
֮еĵλԺʱȼ磬һڰһˣ֮еǺɵ顣
һöҩȡͬȼҩէһͱȽϳԿ
һҪȡĶһЩΪҩۼֵһͬȼĵҩˣֻ˵С׬Ҳûռʲôˡ
ЧҲǼߵġǰʱңʮҩѾˡ
Ҳ֪ĻżȻʮҩǱʮݣһ¾ŪʮҩջҲ̲ס¶Ц⡣
ʣµļҩȻѰֻҪ⣬֮ҲӦܴ룬ֻ⡭ǰһҩЩΪѡ
ѪǿһҪõѣѣѣҡҡͷ
ﶼһ˵֣֪ҪõѪǿ񻨾жˡ
һ֮Ҳǿһ壬ս֮ɲǰģҪһĿǰʵǺѵġ
Ѫǿƫƫⵤ֮бزٵһζҩҪͷǲܵ顣
ʣҩˣѪǿ񻨾Լ취ɡͽЩҩ֮뿪ĸ¥
ǰ꣬Ȼͳɳֵز͵ıӰ΢΢̾˿
ͬΪ壬ԼǿҲһЩοЩ귢չȻѸͣǺЩȻ̫Сˡ
˷ǰͿ䲿ҡҡͷ
䲿Ҳ˲٣˿ͱ˸ˡ
ڵ֪쾹Ȼ̫ʥĺ֮ʱҲǱ𺳵ˣͺĵ˻ʵľٶԼĵݺ嶼Ź
ڵǰ֮ͱ뿪ǣֱڷһء
ھһ𣬺ڷһѾ׸ϳ˺ڷɽںڷɽƵľˡ
Щ֮һͷ˸ۣһͷǧĿˣҲΪһͷǧĿ˵Ĵڣһֵ֮ڷһɾǿߣþһܹܺڷһ塣
һǿǿϧȴҲֻǿһͷǧĿˣʵǲڷһ塣
ֻЩʱһ֮ǿԸıսˣڷһ֮ԻսܾΪ޷ֵһͷǧĿˡ
ڷһ֮ǿĲɾأһͷǧĿȴѾɾصǿߣټͨǺڷһҲ޷ѹһͷǧĿˡ
һǰڷɽ׼նɱһͷǧĿˣȡǧĿƳһöĿһۡһǿͨҲԷ
һαɾʿȻսһأǻӵŲͨǧĿˣǴȥĻԳΪЦˡ
Ҳ³ç֮٣ϱɾصǿͻῼһԷǧĿ˵Ļô;Ѿɵİա
ֻҪԴﵽɣô;ͻ֡
飡ͲǸոտڷɽʱһаɴСʯͷʹӵ·ɳֱ͡
ڷɽ֮Լܿͷ˵Ӱ
飡ָһ㣬ʯ˲ֹͣһ죬һɴСʯͻΪһѷĩ
ʯڱ˵ôһвǶ˵һСʯӰˡ
飡ҽһ壬ղ£ʱڷɽΪ֮һһɴֱӽһͷ˻ˡ
һͷĿ˶ҪĶӣǽȣǰĿﶼֵһᣬĶҲֻһͷﵽɾصǧĿ˶ѡ
ֲʱڷɽʵõľֱǱûȥ
ĸ˵һ嵷ңףһͷĿĿž⡣
һͷаɴСľ͵һЦһͷĿ˲Ǵ˺ڵĴڣͶԸҪʲôֽš
ѣһξְɡͰ˳
ӷã˵ͷ
ٲȻҲǴ˺ڵĴڣټɵ̨۷²֮ˡ


901 ֮ս
̨ĲϿħĲڼǺķĲϣ̨
۷̨ǾǿʹҲþȫƿ̨ԴĻ⣬ԸĿˣͻǺܷĵġ
һǼĿͨ۾Խ࣬ĿܷӵҲԽ
֮⣬һ廹ûʲôõóֵͨˡ
Ƥһ͸Ͳ£Ƥ֮жܹȵùͣһͷﵽɾصǧĿˣķ»ء
Ҳ˿ѷɫһǧ֮һǾһҲҪʰ·硣
Ψһе͵ǵǾֻǧĿ˵Ŀͨˣͨǰû̹Ҳ֪һͷɾصǧĿչֳʲô
ͼϣĿԽǿԽãΪһܵõĿȻҲǿͬʱϣĿҪ̫ǿΪһǧĿ˵ʱС鷳⻹൱ëε
һͷĿʵǲӵ̨ͳ׵ıˣĿκ̨֮ϵķζ
𣡡ͻȻ䣬Ŀ˵۾һֱӺ̨֮ϡ
Ȼ⺬ŭһȻûƿķ
ӷ𣡡ţһ޴ķͻȻ֣һdֱֽӽĿѹ
ͻȻ׹һ᲻ɴݵһ̺Ȼѡ
⣡ʹʧɫһΣһѽԼһ⡣
ͻȻ͵Ϯ̨ķûʱ߶ͷӦĻпܾһ֮ˡ
ǰһӡҲҧҧԼԵıϾܹ͸һеı⣬ܹѾˡ
޹Ҳ˵ϡ
壬㷸ұ߾Ϊ߳һ޴Ӱ
ǧĿˡͿһ޴Ӱһ
ܹӵбּΪıһ֮гǧĿ֮ˡ
ǧĿ˾Ȼӵб⣬һ㵹ǳ͵Ԥϡ
Աڤ֮ڱڤ֮һȪۣȪ֮л⡣
ҪɼⱱȴһҪ飬ƿرڤһڽ˼Ĵ֮Ҳֹͣ˶ⱱĿɡ
޼᲻ݣƳֵĹЧ
˵̨ĻⱻƿûжȫԭڣǱһҲռ൱á
Ҳ֪ǧĿͨʲôֶŪⱱ⣬ӵ˱֮ǧĿ˵ʵҲ˼ߣҲѹǧĿܹһ֮ڷһǿߣⱱ³˲ٵ
ⱱȻϬȴһƷõԽ࣬ⱱҲԽ
ǿⱱԣǧĿеı»ĺܣʱ֮ڿǲġ
ҪһͨҪǾһһ˵
ʲôǧĿʵ
ǵ۾ҽһţͬһ֧ҵֱӷӰһȭֲ罫ԲɶΪޡ
һǰһҪǿϲ١
ƳֵԼʹ赲ҲȻ
飡ȭʱɫ۸ֱۣԪӿһȭֱⱱ⡣
ž޼᲻ݵı⾹ȻûռκεıˣǱһȭˡ
Ԫ߶ʽȻǿ˲١ЦЦ
ֵԵȷʿɵѣǧĿƫƫͣ쳣ǿ࣬ۼףȻǺľ͵ⱱ⡣
䣡һȭڷɽҪˡ
ǧĿʵǿȥˣֻչֳԼı壬һͷͼٶɵľˣɽ
ǸֳһĨЦݣ͵ĻͲѷɫ
ֻ弱ͣ˲ͱúǧĿͬС
ѡȭͷײһ𣬶ʱڷɽҪļ
ǧĿɫһ䣬ڷɽ֮оסƵˣͲںȴںбºҵ֮һսǧĿ˺һƿ˿ռ޾֮С
кβңʹЦһҲ֮С
ʵﵽΣֵĻ綼⵽޴ֻ֮дɾǿĬϵˡ
˵ֻһαɾʿ֮ǿ֮ǿѾȫԽͨǿߣʹǧĿҲȲ͡
䣡һΪǿľǵǿҲóģ֮вͣĺÿһκռ𵴡
֮еĶҲ˲ǿߵĹעǧĿ˵ǿںͺڷһ忪ս֮ʱǿ߾Ѿ֪
һȴûжʶ˾ȻܹǧĿ˶Ժһ˿·磬֮ǿ
𣿡һɶصʿüͷһ塣
֮дﵽɾҲǼˣóҲֻ˻һˣǼʹ˻ҲܺʹﵽصǧĿ˶Ժ䰡
ʲôʱǿˣһ̲ס̾һ
˶ΪǧĿƽɫһǿߣҲصǿߡ
ǵϸ۲ʱȴ;ȻֻһԲʿ
⡭⡭ǡʦ֮Уһȫԡڻ֮еʿĿǸǧĿ˶Ժꡣ
ԡڻ֮еʿǻһ֮УںǻĻǬ졣
ǻİ֮£ǬҲʽͻƣΪһɾǿߣӵǻʮ֮ʮǿ棬ʹǸո̤ɾ磬ǬʵȻɶصǿߡ
͵ıȴӵĺˣԴԲľصǧĿˡ
Ҫ֪ǧĿ˾ǻʥ鷳ޱȰһԲʿܶԿ
飡ȭ֮ҪʤǧĿˣǧĿ˵ȭͷһȭǧĿ˵֮ϡ
ȭͷһʹǧĿЦһ
𣿡һ̡
ȻǧĿɫһ䡣
飡ؿھȻʧˣ඼ʧˣһ͸Ŀ
⡭⡭ⲻܣǧĿ˸Ͳţһȭ˾޴˺
͵һȭǽᴩˣһֳʧˣ
Ϊɾصǿߣ쳣ǿľһȴûеѪֻǿ
һȭ̺һذ֮£ֱǽǧĿ˵廯Ϊޡ
Ī˵ǧĿûеѪУҲᱻһذ
ǧĿҿԷһ·ͺһ
룡ʹ౻飬ǧĿȻûȥǧĿҪƴһ


902 
¡һâ£֮еľ֮ս׻˾š
䶯һʱǧĿ˾Ȼ֮Уɱ˵ľȻֻһûнɾĴʿ
Ϣʱ򣬼еʿΪڿЦԴڵΪնɱһǿߣһһﵽؾǿߣôܣڿЦ
֮йսʿ֪ģһʿĻɱһǿߡ
ǧĿȻǼһֲĽâ֮£ʹǧĿľȻǺıնɱˡ
ԸõǧĿҽǧĿƳһöĿ֮ü֮䡣
һͷ˵ʬ壬΢΢̾˿˵ʬͻ˺ڷɽ
ʧȥǧĿ˵壬һܿͻᱻԭΣڷһԲŹġ
һʱ䣬ʿ̸۵ľǧĿ֮Ȼǳеǡ
һ쳣ǿĴʿ˸ߡ
һܹնɱɾصǿ˭Ҫһӹɵġ
ܿ죬͵ĹâͱһشϢˡ
ȫһ
Ϣͬһذը綼ˡ
壬ų޼֮еĵһ壬ʵǿʵ֮ҲŵϺŵģ֮ɾǿҲԲ١
Ǿǿļ徹Ȼô˵ûоûˣǸûеõκεķ
͵õϢʱҲһ㵣徹Ȼôˡ
īǵʱīһ廹׼޼֮ìܣȻǴ
ʵ벻֮ʲôӵǿܹϢ֮ͽĸɸɾ
尡Ǵ׵ĸ֮ʱвܳһǿܵİɣƫƫһȫ
ԯ̫嶯˰֮ϣ΢΢̾˿
Щ๼ǵһжһģǷǵжȻҪˡһʿһ
û˵ʲôֻרĵĴԤ֮С
ǿʵͿĿأ̾ʿʵ֮ǿ
ʬжϣЩȥʿ֮ʮǿߣǴϿЩǿ߶ں޷֮±һּΪǿˡ
ıͱһЩʿˣκõϵĶˡ
Ŀĳ඼Ǻɵģ˭뵽Ŀһе徹ȻڳϦ֮أ
ֱʱͶܿһЩʿ䣬֮зţϣܹҵһЩܹõϵıûз֮󣬴󲿷ʿֵ뿪ˡ
飡һƣǰһǽĳ˷ĩ
Ҿ˵϶жʣġǰͻȻһӰǽ֮еһˡ
üͷһ壬˵ⱦҲζʲô˶ܹǰߡ
һһץѾڰ֮ʿȻһɾ޴ֱӸ˻
徳͸ǰëҲ̫˰ɡһЦ
ǰǰһ֮һģóԼٶһģȻҲǰһѽˡ
Ϳ£һץʿҡҡͷ
ɡһӡ
ѵ
üͷһ壬Ķôôء
ҿʲôʱùȥġͿſտҲʱŭ
ȻһֱĴˡ
˵ûʲôҪĶֻһЩɾһЩͽ׵ҩˣȴֻ͵Ķ
Ҳ֪æָɱ壬һֻԼĪһ׶೤ɿĴ򶴣һ̾ûӰˡ
ǵصͻȻһ
飡ĩɣһͷڿбѡ
صףһΣĶһŴ졣
ʲôͷһݣҲҶæա
ոڶ֮ʱѾ˷ӡ󷨣ص·ӡĹҪˡ
໣ȻһͷѾʼ
Բʮ֮ڵʼݣ
һʿͻȻضϣ˲
ʲôʹϿܹĿһͷޱȾ޴ģͬڹһĹѡ
ô󣡡ҲǾ̾ͣ³Լܹ֮ȹ֮⣬̬ûӴ
ĵص¾Ȼӡ˿ֲĹ
ϣͻȻƹ׵ΧһȦУһתΧʿ˲ͱࡣ
ȫһͷްδȫȷѪꡣ
üͷһ壬ȻоѪǳѪ֮⻹бĶ
໣һĳХ֮ϾȻһ
⡭һȻʶģĳ򰡡
һͷϾȻһ
ʲô˰ɣ·Ѿǳ޳
ʿûһҲаǧһͷĳ֣ǧʿûһܹѣҪôΧĵн⽴ҪôǱɣΪ˹ʳ
ػģȻŪĹһȷˣȻ֪Ҫжһͷڸ߿տһͷ̲סһ
һͷһ֮ǰҲٵõһϢҲΪһͷĴڣ˾ҪĨ塣
ЩȺʧֻһЩǺ徳ĴڣȺҲû⣬ϾߣǺ顣
ǵ˺ǶɽڵʿĪʧ˸Ⱥעˡ
ڶԷ̫أڸȺûеõȷʵϢ
һȴϷ쳣֮¾Ȼɱ޵Ļ֣ǽɱ֫⣬Ȼ󽫸޵ϸһ𣬾ŪĹ
ǷһʱѾ̫ˣѾͣӵɰصʵں˸޵ϸ޵൱ǿĿơ
һҪɱ飬ȻһﴳǺǲ롣
˭Ҳû뵽һֻĹϵȻų
ӵɰصʵһЩǿ߳ҲδܻɱһʵĹ׿ɲǿЦģȻںϸĲ
ȫƷ֮ʱȫòҲڳ͵ǰ
֣ȫò֮ʱԺ֮˲ۡ
ͷβĳ㣬һͷϼܿ޵Ĳ
໣Ǹܵ͵Ŀ⣬һͷҲ룬֮ͻȻѳ׿ǣתŷ͡
飡ĹжôļӲһ⡣
һȭ棬͵־Ȼˣһ˺ɫ˺ۣͲһƿ͵ķˡ


903 
һ᲻ɴݵĶԼߵٶתʱɵƻ൱˵ġ
ҲķŽһѪ˿ǻ˵Ļ嶼ᱻгˡ
ʲô׵·ȻһĶڣооǷõĴһ㡣
ʹ󾪣һ֮С
¡һڿھȻһâԲâ·е鶼Ϊ˻ҽ
徹Ȼֹ´֮Ϳâɵƻƿڴˡ
ͷﲻں˸޵壬ڲȻ˿ܵӣ֮ڿӦþͨĳֶΣʯɾ֮еѹ֮һԵͷųƻ൱ľ˰
ͷһ̨ɱ¾
ͣƻҲǳһ
ãˣһ嵱Ҫʧˡʶ֮Ҳһ°
ǽһӵĻһܹݻҲԻԪˡ
ৣ˲ļ׿ַѳǧƬЩƬĲٿ֮¼ٵתţΧһжĸɸɾ
ʶת׿ǵĹ֮󣬾ҲӲæ˳˰
ɲʲôԳΧҲֻЩɾصĳǿ߲Ը˰ɡ
ɾµʿ٣תļ׿ǾѾ㹻ô󲿷ʿ촦ˡ
ȷΧûκλŵʱͷ￪ʼƶˣһһȣֻವһʧռ֮С
ռ䴩󣡡üͷһ壬һͷﾹȻҲ˿ռ䴩ͨ
ɴˡͿЦһ
һͷܹɴռɱ¾֪ʧˡ
֪һҲֻͺڰˣȫһͷ¡
ҪҪȥأ°ϸĿ⡣
ʹʲôأһͷʵ̫ǿ˿ռ䴩ҪΧ൱ѵģܹ֮ɱҲûж١
վˣ͵̧ͷһռͨͻȻϿա
͵ģͫһȻһˣ߻㲻ˣҲΪ˵ԵʣͲŻڽ֮˵ĳɼ
ߣʯ˴սʱնâĳһֱͷܶĿꡣ
ߣϵϢӵǿȻѾǲ˴۷壬̤ɾҲֻһ֮ңˡ
ţߺһӾͷ·͡
壬ޣüͷһ塣
͵һЦߣ
زʶ׽һ
һͷ뿪ûжʱ䣬׷ü߿ˡ
һжġ˵˵ͷ
ɣ۷͸ȥ׷ɱһͷһ㶡
ѾǹˣԴ۷ʵնɱصǧĿˡ
ƺҪȻͼ֮׷ɱǹ
Ҫ֪ǹʵǿɰصǿߣټǲɱ¾ֶΣʮصǿΧ˿ҲҪʧܸա
ǣһЩһﶼˡǵʱ򲻽¶𾪵ɫ
˾ȻҲˡ
࣬ǽޣǺֽģ߿͡
ιι򽣣⣬ҵˣͻȻɽ˳
һ㶣û뵽ɽ
ʶ
ʶ
ʶ
ɽ߼ͬһʱ˵˳ﻹǲʶӡ
Ȼ½ô࡭߿ѾǽȵĴɽЦ
үģ㲻Ǳһһ
ĪĿһһʱ侹Ȼ㲻һڸЩʲô
һ˲䣬ʳָһ㣬һâû͵ؿڡ
ֽ췣ģȻֽģټߵһЦ
ιְ̫ˡ
һ㣬ãԲܹزҲ漣ˣڵûʲôʸҵˣܳɹɾĻǵǿǿˡߺٺһЦ
ˡ飡ͻȻ
̫ߵ˵ͷ
ϸ߲ûж˵ʲôֻǴ˿ʼ׷һͷ
ô£ͼæʴ
򽣾鰡һҵ鱦ӵжеٮٮߡʼ
Ľͺ⡣
ʮ鱦ƶԽñԼʹɰؾǿߣ򽣻аյġ͵
ӴĿ͵ǵõ˲ٵϢ
ԭЩǰе鱦һû˵ģҲζСһЩǿ鱦Ȼһһרɸ鱦顣
ɵȵ˺ʵ˲Ż뿪
֮м˴鱦ȻҪЩע⣬Щ˵³ǺҵģΪЩ鱦֮вٶǼΪǿģʹֻƾȴȻԽñܷӳǿߡ
Ҳ֪߾ȻôҲû뵽Ҳġ
ɽͶԴķʽԹǿıﾹȻˡ
˴ɽԹʵסɽܹɾĻῼǶһ鱦׻ʽѾǹˡ
׻ʽҲǳΪ鱦ˣͼֻҪԼϵ׻ʽպĳɾ;Բȴɽ
һͷͻκεĽȥ׷ˣҲüʶһ£鱦ʮ򽣾жôǿ
ݴɽ˵ߵıһ׽һ֮ޣֱâ
ͽ˸ҵһͷڣʱѾһͷսһ
ˣ
ˣ
ÿһײһ⵹;Щ졣
ûв´ĻǺӦþ鱦ʮĵܵˡǺ˵
Ҳͬ˵ǰ㣬ӷˣÿһĺᱻ⻹ӵ£߳ûնһâһϡ
Ҳ֪ķǷǽâɢĻʸûУǼһԵĻôкܴĻġ


904 Ʒɾ
ߵĹǺˣһļֱǲͬնâһǷͬ죬ʹĺʵļ׿Ҳѵơ
ȻҲвٶԵͨ˵Χ֮¾Ȼ֧穡
ܵ鵲ס˹ľ󲿷ֹ֮⣬ʣµľһӣֻҪһЩ̶ȵƶ
֮ǼΪĬƣڹת֮вͣĶɴˡ
ǲĻһͷᱻλĥ
ϣȻҲԴУΪİܰĹʵӹɵġ
ˣܵüͷһ壬˼æ˳˰
䣡˿˲䣬ļ׿ڲɾڿˡ
ʶɾڵȻ֪ɾڵҪӲһҲǼΪѵġ
ο߻һ*ûôǿķǱһڴ˵ĻǾ
ȻȻǵõ˾Ʒɾߺһ
ܰĹҪ붯ôһɾڣͨɾ޷쵽ģʹǰƷɾҲ޷伸Ρ
ǿܵĶȴ˿ûͣͣȻһڲûк𵽶ٵ
ܹԴԴϵṩģ˴˵֮еľƷɾʵ벻ʲôܹһزˡ
ƷɾѵãǾƷɾȴѵãʹħ磬ƷɾֵĴҲָ
֮ǰȻõһЩϢȴûȷ֤֤õһƷɾ
ıֿǸϢûмˡ
λƷɾУˡߺһ
ֻߴһʱռǧâ١
󣡡۾һ͹
ߵı壬
ո߲ǽ˱Ѿ˵Ŀֲˣֱӽ٣Ҫһ¥ˡ
ܣĦ֮ǳ
ƣһȭܵĲ档
䣡һεֱӻ˹
һԹսҲһȻֻһ͵鱦Ǹոһȴʤ˴󲿷ֹ鱦
һͷһĺ֮¾Ȼݽ˵֮УһӲļ׿Ƕһݡ
ÿֲƻ̫ܵǿˡҲǾ̾ܵ
໡
໡
һͷŭţص׵Ť
ͣ˿ҲɫҰס
һǳ׷ŭˣǼ׿ǾȻѳǧƬЩƬתţȻڿγһǵصϮ
򽣣һξͽˡƵ򽣵
ߵ˵ͷСƣ
ʱ䣬޹⣬˿·֮һ㣬ǧתƬɵĵǰͬө֮һЦ
䣬𣡡ϽһâˣǧƬʱͻΪ˻ҽ
Ǽ᲻ɴݵļ׿ǰȻ˵Ĵʮ鱦Ȼ鴫
䣡ЩƬ˲䣬ڵڿһγ֣Ĺâһγ֣ĿȻߡ
ߵĽ޵УǴͽڷ֮ϸûжٵǾ޷סһڵĺġ
Ǳһں˵ĻôǱɡ
һ鱦ʮ鱦ֻʣ±ʧȥҲ
򽣣˺󣡡ͻȻһӰͻȻߵǰ
һεķǽĽ˰С
Ҳѹ׵ľС
䣡һâǽײһ
ãܵܲһ
ǽһĻȴܵĳ׳˹ȵףһڵڿڶ׼ǡ
ǿһڣʱһڵĻҲδȫ
Ħ£ߴһ
¡ľ޴ͻȻбǶ׼ǵڿҲͻȻб
䣡ڿһγ˹âбһȴǴˣǲܵǽ˹ȥ
ڣ򽣣ĦһӵصȻ
㣬ֻܼһϢĹ򣡡
ߵ˵ͷһת
һɢŹϢĽâֱӴ֮̽С
໣ҵĲš
ˣߵĹ˺ķ
ҲƴˣһûĽâȻѡ
䣡
䣡
ڲϵĴը֮ɲǼĩɡ
ⲿǿڲǴģοһǿ߳֡
ܣռĦһ
ʱһӣԲ֮ڵĿռ䶼ӵеĿռ䴩ͨȻûá
ɣ
һֹܵߵĽâĺŹ
һս˰֮ãߺܵĲ֮ͣ£һͷǳ׵ȥˡ
ȫ¼ûһѪ⣬ڲһɵĿܣһвٵĻС
һͷ˸޵ĲͿĹվˡ
޴֮УҲҵҪѰҵĶһֻһĴָСɫ;壬һͷĶԴ
ôһ㶫ȻͿôһͷĻǾԲŵġ
Ʒɾ֮ҲܹԴԴϵĲֻ֮ҪӵһžƷɾκοܶõˡ
˵Χˣһͷﲢûиʲô޴Ӱ졣
ǾƷɾϢȴһȻ󲨡
ʿΪΪӦýƷɾˡ
ıˣڽɱһͷʱЩʿ֪ʲôطһƷɾֶĻıʱЩʿˡ
أЩ֮⣬˸޷ҵڵġ
Ǿ˶ΪһƷɾʱȴųϢԸƷɾһ̫ż
̫żǶôĶĴڰ
Ҫ֪֮УһϹżѾǳѵˣ̫żûгֹ
̫ʱǿż;˷ˣ
ȴҲкܶʿԴ˱ʾɣǲôģƷɾóڴ֮ǰҲû˵ʲô̫ż
̫Ż꣡ܿ죬һͳ˸ȨС
һöصĺܼ򵥣һҪ̫ż̫Ż̫꣬ʥĹ
̫ʥ̫ʱһİǴʵĻôһܵõջǾ˵ġ
ˣǵ֮УʿŤӵ塣
ոںϣ̫ʥ壬Ȼͬ졣
ںϱãû뵽֮⾹Ȼ֪̫ŻĴڣػɫص˵


905 ׼
ػָȻ׼̫Żˡ
һֱΪֻ֪ġ
ƽҲ߶֮мûʲôġ
Ȼ˶֪ʵһϲ֮еǿֻж˰أ
һĳȴǸıʿĿ
ھ󲿷ʿηһͷʱɳ˾ͽһͷնɱһʵͳ֮оѲʿ
֮ˣȻҪ̫Żꡣ
Ϣڱʿ˵һϢ̫ŻĻҲǵһݡ
Ƕ˵ȴЩˣܹ֮ǰ𣬺̫ʥҲŲٵĹϵ
ںܾǰҲ֮ͨһԱȻɺ֮ʿһ̫żһż˾Ȼ̫ʥ塣
õ̫ʥĴ֮ʵٶҲ쳣ˣʱ֮ھͳɹɾ磬Ϊ֮еǿߡ
ԭһλҲʱڱҽıԴʡ
ʵӹɵǿ󣬾ҪǿĶ࣬ʹҲȻĶ֣˵ǰˡ
ܹĶ̫ż֮еõһԪ𶷣һס
ʱƣѾһסı˵ڻ޷뿪Ԫ𶷣ȴҲ޷ͨԪΪˡ
һ̫ż֮Уʻ֪̫ŻĴڡ
ʱǵʵͿ̫Żʲûçײ֣ЩҲڰ׼
ֻƷɾʵ̫ϡ٣ʵʵЩ֮ҲûŪһ顣
һȻŪһ飬һ̫Ż鹫֮ڣѾַʵ档
̫Ż֮еıռУȴǿƽ֣ڼĲʵ̫ˡ
ΨһЩҵǣ˻ں˵壬õ̫ʥ塣
˵챾̫ʥѪϡһ㣬ֻҪھͻ̫ʥ塣
̫ʥѪ˽̫Ż꣬ȻõСĺô
һΣǱȥг˼ᶨ
Ʒɾ겻Ǵһλᣬȵһζ֪Ҫʲôʱˡ
̫Żꡭһαˡ΢΢̾˿
Ѿǽȣ֮ڴɵ֮ǿ˲١
Ѿص磬ںЩ֮ʵѾֱأֻʣķ磬Գɾصľ硣
صʵȻ㲻Ͼǿ֮ҲΣһ̫ŻһҲ൱İյġ
˻ħսʿ֮⣬֮еǿ߼ӵ룬ʿһλ֮жĦȭƣǧѷĻᣬ˭ȥɵϡ
Ȼûյ룬ȴյʵ롣
Ҳ֮еǿˣʵǿ⿿ʻһ͡
Ҳûоܾһġ
Ϳ˻ʵʱЩȻ
ҷ°ɡ˻ʵһЦ
ȡԼ˻ͲûжĺøС
һҪ̫Ż꣬ĻᣬҵӦЯ֣̫Ż֮оܵĶõһЩһҲкôġʺɫĺ˵š
ͱߵͷûзʲô
ʵߣѾص۷壬ʱп̤ؾ磬ػʺ˻ʵ࣬ң˻̫ʥ壬պǱȻҪ˸һ㡣
ͬصһӵɾǿߡ
νǿˡ
ʵԱ࣬ҪٽһЩˡ
ټһο̫Ż꣬ǰȥҲɾǿߣһЩϵľǿߣЩǿ߿ɲܹԸġ
ʵȻṳ̂ɾ磬ȴҲԺǿһϸ£˵һ
ʿصĲʵ͵
һöϺõĵҩпܾŤתս֣ʲŻ͡
֪׼ʲôıأһ衣
ʵʱɲ¼ĹϵƽԶҲûжٵη塣
صǧĿˣʵûжټɵ
Ǵ̫ŻѾռıˡ˻ʲüͷ
ʵ̫̰ˡ
ڻ֮еõĶҪɡ̧̧Ƥ
ܣһβ˻ʾػʶԷˡ
ʵǲҲôǹƾҪռջڻֻ֮Ū񲻾ζҪһͣ
һɣٶˣҡҡͷ
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ʻ뵽ԼΪԼֻ֮ʲôͻһʦԱõ˱ϡ
ɣһֶУֻҪͶκһǶԸ⸶ɵĴ۵ġͲŲæ衣
Ҳԥ֮ɫ⻰˵ûд֮ʦֵ۸ֻҪԸ⣬дѵ͡
ɣòˣ㲻ĻҲûа취ˡ˵
ãͬΪķϣҾͼһ͵һЦ
ߣ˻ʲĺһ
֮˵̫֮Żꡣʽһöݸ͡
һö֮в˵̫Ż֣һŵͼ̫Żڡ
Ԥϵǰ㣬̫Ż겢磬һС֮С
ֻС粻Ȼγɵģ̫ʥԼٳġ
̫ʥʧһգһǿ˼µ徹ȻͻȻʧ̫ʱƺûʲôܹв̫ʥɣһ̫ŻһܹΪǽ⿪⡣
ڼֻר˵޷ͻһƿȴܸоԼʵԶԶûдﵽڵļޡ
ʱˣ߰ɣϿӰڿնռʧϿա
ҩ׼𣿡ʿһۡ
͵˵ͷ׼õĵҩݸˡ
ǾƷ۷嵤ҩŻ񵤣ܹһʱ֮ʵһü󣬲򲻵ѵʱܶá˵
ǵȵҪⵤҩʱ򣬿ѾһߵʱˣǿҲûйϵʵ˵ͷ
ó˵ĵҩ껹ĵҩС
ȻЩҩǱ֮еҩʵƳģͶǾƷн׵ĵҩĵҩ
ЩҩʺҲһЩų˵Щʦ֮⣬صǿҲЯô߽׵ҩ


906 ̫Ż
ʵȻһ£ǵǸϵС֮ʱѾۼϡ
һӾͼٶɾǿߣҪƽʱ顣
Ҳֻ̫ʥıزŻ˶ʿǰˡ
󲿷һصģһأϵĺ١ƾԼ֪ЩʿΪ²߰˰ˡ
ٶʿȻҲɾǿߣȴ㲻ǿһ֣صǿһûм
ʺʿкɾǿֻ֮Ҫ𣬻϶һЩ顣
Ͼ͵µʿȣɾȦҪСܶ࣬ԻʶҲʲôֵ顣
һʯ̨棬Ҳûʲôʶˣʵƨɺ滹Լһˣٻ徲һ㡣
͵һע徲ˡ
ʦʿȻЩȷԼû뵽ݸ߹ʦɡ
̧ͷʿһۣҲһ̧ͷʿȷǰʷΪʦ
Ȼʦû뵽ҲˡʿĿ͡
ǡɻĿʿļ֮ƺʶһʿ
±ʿЦЦ
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ⲻǱıôʦʶЦе˳
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һˣҲô֮ˡ
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ͿԽԽɾǿߣħս֮⣬ܹʶôɾǿ߻ǳϡ
ǣһһο˵㳲µǿ߾ʮˣصǿˣɰǿһˡ
ͻһ֮м𣬴ʱȫһԺӣ̸ֹзȡ
Щı䶼ϵӣһ֮ΨһɰصĴڡ
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ɰصǿߣּǿҲǼΪ
Ҳͣȴûйֻǳգգ۾ϵĿɬҲǷԡ
εҡҡͷǱ׹ܵˡ
λĺ簡֮ǧ¡
ߣһһȻֻһǰ
ͳߺǿսɾصǿߣҲԴɣΪһ߾ܹǿ֮ռˡ
ϻˣֱӿ̫ŻˣΪ̫ŻıأЩ醪µġһʿһ
еɱһţһʿͷ­˲صǿ˲
һ̫Ż꣬˶ҪĹأΥߣ³Ƕˡɨڳʿ
Ŀ֮Ȼûж˸Һӡ
һһ̫Ż꣬ÿһж뽻һ
ڶ֮õı֮УҪռһ
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ѹ˴ֻɳһǰǸû׼Ҫշѵġ
볡ѻ˵һ̫Ż֮Ҫͱ̫Ż֮еıȻ³
û˻ỳ߻ʵԣߵʵڳֵܹ֮⣬˸ͲǶ֣ǻҪɱ˭ɱ˭
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Ҳֻܸ׼֮У볡Ȼʳˣʵĸг̶ıﻹܹõóֵġ
ڳʿҲûка壬ɾʿĸϲûмġ
ˡ߿˿һʱռ䶼ʼ
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ʯֱֳ룬ǻֺޱȡ
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ȴ񣬾ֱߵ룬ĴָСɾǱİ֮С
ˣʱһöƷɾΪý飬ĵֱӳ֮ϡ

֮еĿռ侹Ȼʼ顣
Ȼһռ֮УҲһ̫̾ʥʵҲһµʶ
Ȼһռ֮һοٳһռ䣬ȻҲֻǴѡ
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ߣѲɻɣһʿҽһ㣬ֱ⴫֮С
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žÿãʱ䣬һʿؿڵͻȻˡ
磡ʿһոսʿȻˣıѾˡ
еʿͷһոսеʿȻֻɶأҲôɣ̫Ż֮е׷ʲôȻô̵ʱ֮ھһɶصǿڷ
һȥͻȻʿУǺܿ죬⼸ʿµıԪҲˡ
ˣȻˣ£ڳǿ߶ˣ


907 
һʱڳǿ߶Щη壬ǲͨһͷ׻ʲôΣգȻɾǿһ˲ȥ
ֻǿǼѵһۣû˵ʲô
̫ʥĹȻôôģʹɾǿҲǺ顣
ǽɡʵ˵ʽѾʡ
ػʵĵػҲȡ˳ػϻ˼ƣһ㱡ĹĻС
ˡͿԼĹĻػʾȻѾܹһѾ͡
ߣһȳ˴֮Уػʺ˻ʽ󣬶ͷġ
໣
ǽ봫˲䣬һӰ
飡һնֱӽӰնϡ
䣡ϵ˻ҲȻѡ
ʵɫҲǼΪѿܹ赲ǿȫһĻ־Ȼô򵥾ˡ
ǡʿǰӰ֮ʱҲ̲סһ
һޱȾ޴ոϮĽеһˡ
̫ʱ𣿡ӶĵػҲ𾪲ѡ
ֹϹʱҲû˵ҲֻǴ̫ʱġ
⻹̫Ż˾˹أ֮е׻ʲôڡ
ԭ̫ʱڵ١Ͱľ
ͻʶϹٲΪΪر䵤һζҩ
ﵽϵڻһö飬һöǵҩˡ
ֻ̫ʱڶΪĺҪҵһϵĸϼѡ
Ҳû뵽һٻ̫Ż֮УͳԽ˰ꡣ
ǿʳڵģǰʿǱˡ
ٵʵǿңٵͻȻϮ֮£ȴʿܹ
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˲䣬һΡɽͻΪʵʣֱ
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裬һɽȻ˺ѣپȻûܵκεˡ
飡ʽϽâʱٵļ־ͱ
⼸ֺ˵ʵ΢ٻӵ޸ǿȵѪնָûκεá
ֻжܳɱ٣ѵ
üͷһ壬֮Ҳڵ£Ҫɲһ׵顣
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Сģϧѵ̫ˡ
ʿ徹ȻѸٸá
ʹﵽ˵ѪľҲζŲֻҪ˲佫ɱǳȡеǴﵽ˵ѪľҲһȥ
ǡþӵּȡٴǼʱѵĻǴﵽ˵ѪǿҲ·һ
һɾǿ߾ǶԼʵ̫ţŻٵС
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Уһģ֮һɫĹ˳
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ڣһ˫ĵء
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Ѫɫĸ·һѪһ㡣
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ͷ˷ۣһʲôΪǺöֱӽ˳ȥȻڲɫ֮;ͽһֻСѪս֮С
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еʿĿǰһȫһµĹ
̫ʥĻ꣬Ȼбһʿһſ֮С
ҪͻȻһߴһ
ôˣʿãȻĿߣĽѾ˻ķΧ
ಣͻȻĿܷɳЩֻ۷СĿ˲ͽʿɸӡ
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쵰ʲôܡΧʿƿڴΪЩֻ۷СĿնɱʿ֮ȻǷ˹
ǹ룬ӲޱȣʹɾĺҲֻܽЩ۷˰ˣܽݻ١
ۣصǿЩСͿܵ¡
жо綾һƽһֻ֮󣬿ɫĶҺҲɫһ䡣
ԶصĵֿǿûбܻƤȻĲð졣
Х£˫ֻΪצֱӽֻ顣
üӲͨ鱦Ҫǿϲ١졣
ÿͻȻһâϰֻܾȻһâ飡
һâڿţȻûӰӡ
ǽ˫һ鱦ʮıﰡһ֮¾Ȼٿܾˣǲ


908 Σķ
˫ҲζŽˡ
֮˭֪˫ǽıġ
𲻻ǿؾǿ߰
˫ͻȻ֣ڳʿϲ¡
ϲԼһһǿԮµΪĴڣ̫Ż֮õıҪˡ
һȺЩССĿܶ㲻֮дһߣ˫Ҳ˲ʧȻûҪ¶˼
ЩǿߴĻǺ̡Цһ
Ҳֻҡҡͷ̫Ż֮еǿҲֻصǿߣصǿ߸һûС
Щǿ߲ûǸԸ¶棬ʲôһ޷ĲŻ֣ոյĿǷһ
۷һĿȻСȴޱȵټϼӲޱȵϵĶҺɶصǿҲѵֵ˾޴
ǸոսֵĻʹһǿܹЩ۷ȫɱҲҪһʮˡ
ȻⲢζЩڰǿôģֻҪһΪ̽·ˣһʼʧôǿߣôЩӿ¾Ͳˡ
Ϊ뵽һ㣬Ż˵ķŭ
ܹΪɾǿ߶ɵӣܹ뵽һȻҲܹ뵽һ㡣
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ǿѡ뿪Ҳͬʱ̫Ż֮еı
ʹ֪Լõ֮£ǻֻ̫Żǰ̫ŻȻΣգֻҪܹջԻǰκ档
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֮ˡЩĿĵĴУ˾Ȼصǿߣһ֮ҲǶˡ
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вڳʿ֮Ψһߣʿ֮ŪһЩҲõһ
㲻鱦鱦㲻ϣҲûκεֻͨǲʼΪӲһն鱦Ļܡ
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ʲô¶ĺϿһغĶ
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ǣ͸Ҫ֣ͻȻɫġƤޡˣֻ⡰ƤޡһӦʱ䶼ûУ֮ϱӡ
ߣͼæԼ֡
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ʹѾڵһʱ俳Լ֣ⶾش̫죬Ѿɢȫˡ
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ⶾĶԺǿʹȫֵҲֻܱ֤Լʴ
Ҫʴ˵ĻӵеѪľҲ޲ˡͿЦһ
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Ͳɫ̷һöƷ۷鵤֮ɫźÿһ㣬ʱⶾԸѹ
ͬʱڵĽ۷ҲٵתţʼɱдڵĶء
ȻǱס˾ûôõˣֺɫĶ߼մ߱
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ۿһصǿߣڱⶾҧ֮һյĹ֮ڻΪһѺѪʹ˽ⶾ鵤Ҳ޲
ֶҧ˻ܴģҲֻһˡ
ͣͻȻ䣬һ߾ͱնϡ
彣⡣͵һЦԹһοɲٳԿˣ彣һͨãΪķǶ޷סĻһŻ彣Ҳûʲôô
һ⻤彣ȴҪõĶ࣬ɫĶߵܹ׵Ĵ̴͵ƤͬʱⶾߵҲܴһͨûʲôһͱ彣նء
ʶֶ𣿡ѾնصĶߣʴ
ҡҡͷʹҲûϳֶߵʲô
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֮Ѿϰ˱ҩĸоĻҲʿһܲĳȥ
ֻǿʿȴһֲõԤС
ɵӣʿҶЦһƺڳЦ͵ĵС
ȻûжΣյĸоǵûȥԽԽǿҡ
ڵصףͻȻʲôһ˲˿С
ӣһȺĳӴ˺˳
ЩţСЩӵͷ϶һݡ
ЩѾˣȻǸոʿΪ
ԵĹһ£ֵĳмǧֻǿžͼΪĺˡ
ңʿӴţȻ˹
Цһһâն£ǿߵͺͷ­ּҵģҲЩɴ
ˮʿĲҲܹͳֺˡ
ܿ;ͷЩֻԸժҩˣͷβվһԵѡӡ
ǿߵĴָǿĨȥӡ֮ϲ¶һ˿Цݡ
ǿ߾ǿߣһ˾Ȼӵ鱦ƷͣƷģ඼ǧҡ
Ͷ˵ͽ鱦ˣʣµ鱦ʲôͻ濴ˣӽ֮С
ʿ֮ǰժǧҩҲ͵Уȴãֱһԡ


909 Թ
֪Щӻ᲻ΪЩҩ׷ɱոЩӵĿֲҲʶˣǧֻΧסҲ
̫ʥĻܴתһȦͻһʱҲûҵκεڡ
Ҳǿк俪һڣȴôΧʲô󷨺ͽػĻµʱʣˡ
ȷû֮ͱѰĬĬصǺϡ
ʲôͻΪԼۻˣǧɫĶ߾Ȼ⼸ʿذΧˡ
һ߾ˣοǳǧڳʿȻɾǿߣ˭Ҳұ֤ԼɫĶҧһܻ֮ġ
ڵѾмʮ̲ѪɥЩ߿µʿʮˡ
Ҳѹ֮ǰһʿϵ˻֮⣬ôʱ侹Ȼһ˹ȥ
ҲأԭǱЩ߸Χסˡ
ɾǿߵʵҪնɱȻǲ⣬һͷҧеĻǾǱɡ
ʱ˭ԸͷԼ˵Щǿ߻ûиеֵزһʱ֮ϰǿ߾ͺǧ߽
̫Ż껹ΣķﶼΣա΢΢̾˿
Խǿ̫ŻΣվԽ󣬸ոս٣ǿ߲ŽնɱûǰأĶߣʮˡ
ںЩӣҲԤϵдǿЩˡ
鵤ѹԣһн۷һʱڵĶҲĲˡ
ⶾߵĶҲһʶʹٱҧһڣҲԲ֮ǰǰǱ
ߵĶԶ˵ֻеһαȽ鷳Ӧֶ֮ⶾҪжûôˡ
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ЩߵĿֲҲ޼᲻ݵĶͿֲĶҺˣĸûʲôĪ˵һǿߣһʿܹնɱһߡ
ˮ棡ʹһɫĻ棬δѾˮ港ʴҶʣˡ
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һеĿֲԴδ֪ʹЩɾǿߣǵǿһǿ߶ⶾµʱЩ£ΪЩߵʵԶԶ֮ϡ
͵ľٶȴ֪ˣЩ߳˶Һ֮⣬ĸ㲻ʲô
ͱһ㱡ĴֽⶾЩɾǿһȺ׵ĸˡ
ͽĲˡ
Щ֮ǰ˼ǿ汳
Ͳûж˵ʲôâҲûпʲôݾӽ֮С
ȻǵĶߣҲ޷Щǿʲô˺ˡ
򣿡Щ˶ڵʲôҩʲôģһʮ
ʲô򣿡ͽʶ֮С
ţ䣬ϢЩоͻȻӿ͵ͷ
ͻعʱĺѾˮʪˡ
޷ȡ֮еϢʶһԶĳ֮С
ÿֲֶΣ̫ʥ徹Ȼ֮˿ֲĽơҲµĿе˸ոյľҲ׵Ľʶ뵽֮Уʵ̫Σˡ
ɱɱɱɱͻȻͱɱ죬һ㵽һߣһ쫷˲ͻԭڵķλ
ɱһʿɺ˫͸¶аĹâ
Ȼˣüͷһ壬ʿѾصΪʱȼԼһѾʮǿ߱ˡ
ػʺһһʻһⷢʿʱС
ɱɱɱȼ֮صǿߣֱƿ˵ػʵһöֱ˵ػʵüġ
һն𣬲һʿࡣ
˻ʿ̩˻ֱһȭǧɫȭӰⷢʿ׺ɱ
䣡
䣡
Ȼ䣬ǷӦһ㣬ʮ˷ǿأܵ
ô£ô£ôˣǿҲֲѡ
һգ۾ôǿ߷ôһ᲻ֵأ
Щӵʴһ
ЩھĶ֮ϾȻżΪǿԹ·Ҫһжһ㡣
˷壬ʹʶУҲܰȻʺҲ˻ģȻҲʲô¡
ǿ֮пɲǸӵ˻ģһЩ־û˻ʿ㱻ЩƷ֮еԹƣΪһֻ֪ɱ¾Ļ
ԹôܻǿԹЩǰ׾ʲôһһʿҲǼΪ𾪡
ô꣬ǵһοܹʴǿߵԹ
һŽһʿ߷ɣüĵ۾ͻȻʿûüͱһ˿׹⳹
⡶ۡһ֮ŵϺŵǿͨһֻĿ֮ΪˣɱǿҲת˲֮ˡ
Թ;ĿſһƺնɱǷʿ֮һԹȻٵԼϡ
˵һͳʧˣȴԵĸоԼϵʧ˲١
˵ܹԹʴҲļˡ
ҲʹĿеĳʽϾȻһ˿ڰߣնɱʿѾʽϵĵĲˡ
ﻹɱȥȥĻ۵˾ҪڽĴˡ
նɱķʿԽ࣬ԽԽǿ˷֮УѾﵽ˶ʮˡ
ﻹǻ갡ǵĹûн̫Ż֮УѾ˽ʮˣʧܺ͡
ÿһǿ߶˵ǲɶõĲƸһ˵Ǿ޴ʧ
䡣
նɱЩʿпԼᵹùǲɱɣԼҲͬᵹùһʱǶˡ
䣡ֱһ£ʿĳࡣ
һҲﵽ˵Ѫľ磬Ȼ׼ԭ
͵ĵһηһѪʱͻΪ˻ҽ
˻ʱ֮áۡһͨͶеԲüĵ۾ȻѪ
ڶˣȻĿͻˣ¼æȰ衣
ô̵ʱ֮ڣδ߶ۡͨǿ˵ɱǿߣҲ˲Сĸ


910 ǿ
Ҳ֪Լ״ȷǲٶ⡶ۡˣȻոյõĿҲҪˡ
ЩʿܵԹӰ춼ڷȼԼʹǲ֣ò˶ãǾͻԼȥ
ػʽд֣һסʿ
򣡡һ£ѹסʿ
ʿ޷ѣһʿΪȼԼʧˡ
һɱ¾ʱһʿɱ֮еǿ߶̲סһ
ȥĻԼҪˡ
̫ŻδҲ̫аһ㣬µĶ֮ϾȻǿԹǿ߶޷
һжѾȥˣ֮еĶҲȥˣҪǶ֪Ҫô졣
ʹصҩ֮Ҳѳֲסˣӿ˹ȥʼժЩݶڰϵҩ
йǰֻεҡҡͷһֲ֪жʿ
ҲǼ֮Уĵ̱Ҫ٣ժЩҩȻǲŹ
ȥ֮󻹿Ƽ¯ҩ˵ܴǵƿһ֮еĵλҲ١
ͣͻȻһʿֻһ飬Ȼضˡ
ʿعʱһֻţСĳ°
ӣǳӣ鶼һֻֻţСĳ˵صס
飡һ£ǴľȻǽཻһƾȻûκεô
üӲļ׿ǡæˡ
ĺ·ѾʮͷӶ
ɱػһʻʱǧɽĳӡ
ߣػһʧ˳ӵİΧ֮С
ռըѣͻȻ䣬ЩĿռͻȻըѣЩӶС
һľ͵̧ͷ
ǵһ֧ӴĶˣǰûнռĸ塣
ЩЩﵽصǿߵϽɱ֮¶ʱʧĸɸɾ
ʵĲ࣬صʿޱͷʹĳӣصǿ¾ͬһ㡣
һжЩߺջЩֱӷ˲ժҩķΧһ廹һЩ綥Ĵ嶼䵽õĵضΣҩƷ׸ߣҲ㡣
Щʵôֻܺͱʿˡ
û˸ҷԼԹԣΪһôʿѾ׺ںһ
ûкʹаʵôֻĬĬܡ
͵кܴı嶼׳֦ҳŵͿǵĵժҩֻҪõҩһͿԡ
ĺûҲֻΪʦͲȻҲƵϾЩҩ֮вٶѾģ֮ҲûС
֮ǰҲժΪǵЩӣЩѾǱĸɸɾˣôɵӲŻŹЩҩء
ΧҩȻܶ࣬˸࣬һĹ򣬻ΧһƬյء
̫ʥĻˡ˻ʿʯͷ
겢ûڣ޷롣ʥҲǿЦҡҡͷ
ҲδأҵȵʵǿƿһҲʲô°ɡѪͷٺһЦ
ǿƿĳҪĻǲţǡĳЦһ
˵ʲôҲ꣡Ѫͷʱŭ
ֻѵ㲻֪̫ʥĹΧȻǿػǿƿ峤һ
ʲôңѪͷһڵתһɫʯ֮ϡ
ڳĺܶʿεҡҡͷ̫ŻôƿĻǻ̫Ż
䣡ȻѪͷƸոɫʯھͱһڹɡ
ҿǵѪһ仰ո˵һ㣬Ѿʧˣʬ޴棡
ڻôɵԼﵽ˵ѪľΪ޵ˡϧҡҡͷ
飡ͻȻԴϱ˺ݺݵĴһ¡
ұ죬ﻹֲ˵һʿ
ǣ˵ͷ
ĸף峤
ҲΪɵԵʣڳʿҲɫʯΧһģ֪
һյĿռ䣬ûκεڣΧǿĽػҪиǲܵ顣
ЩʿҲ׼ݽУص׶ڣЩҪӵص׽ʿ󷨺ɱˡ
һصǿҲûκεİ취еʿֻΧʯתȴûʲôð취
ʱһξʮȥˣʮ֮м뵽İ취ԹˣʯȴûκεķӦвʿ˶͵
Σ׼ΣһԣʼеĿ˻ʡ
˻¶һ˿΢ЦҲʮʱǽ̫ʥѪѹһΪĵزƾһξѪӦܹƿʯˡ
ƣʵ˵ͷ
ֹ̫żȻҲ֪һ̫ŻڣҪ̫Żͱ̫ʥѪ
𾪶ǣǻһطʿڳʿһۣʵǵľв٣ǱǷ˵ĻǾͲˡ
̫Żܴ󣬲ÿһطʿҵһص֮˻ҧ⣬һھѪʯ֮ϡ
ϽɫѪҺ˳ʯѪҺ֮Ȼ˽⡣
䣡˭˭Ҵ̫ʥİߣͻȻռ֮жֲŭ
ãˣʴ󾪡
䣡֮һֻɫͻȻ¡
⡭У
ûǸʿɵһֻɫӲӲ·
ԲһֻɫƸǣ£Բ֮ڵһжΪ촷ۣǱӲĴ°ɡ
ʲôͨȻֲˣһĸЩ𾪡
̫ʥأǺɫĹϿգһɫӰƾնֲѹǵء
أػҪǿɰأɾأڳʿڲ²һɫӰʵ
Ȼ֪ɫӰȷʵһӹɵģǾǱڳκһ˶Ҫǿ
̫ʥ壬ˣΪ⻹̫ʱ𣿡һʿЦһ
ʱͺ޲ýһʿһȻҴ̼ɫӰڳʿûһܹס
ɫӰһ¡
ըѣһӣϷĿռȻըѣһɫƶʱ֮С
ߣһͷѣ̫ʱڲ̫ʥĸӹҲұ֣ɫӰһ
һ̫ʱ̫Զ㵱һ̫ʥĸӹΣ̫ʥˡ
ȥɣһĸִһƣȻǱǽɫӰĻҪǿ
飡ѪɫӡȻըѣɫӰֻǻ˼£ûܵʲôˡ


911 ԽĻ
ɫӰǿ󳬳ڳ˵ԤϣһʮһƾȻû˵ǽɫӰֺ
һɫ£ǰθΪǿȻոһһѾŭɫӰ
飡һҲʮһ֣׼ֱӺɫӰӲӲ
һϾ壬һαѡ̫ŻҲǳ֮еǿߣصΪʮչֳһЩصǿ߻Ҫǿ󣬶ԸɫӰʮĳϻĵġ
ȻѪɫӡͽɫײһ˫ûռʲôˡ
ǽɫӰûֹͣһһƣһƸ߹һơ
ʮϻֵܵͬһӲһ˸߹һ˵ƷԽǵǵѹԽ
ۣڣʮϼֲסˣɫƺɣѪ
ССһҲҺ̫ʥа壬һ¡
ռըѣؼʱ̣һγ֣һƻΡ
ɫӰǿҲڳʿʴӣ
ռ䣬̫ʥ岻ܹµġɫӰһ
ʥȴЦһҿںٻɡ
ͷβɫӰû뿪ϿգȻҵͱɱˡһͷĳϲȥǵѪ
ոɫӰлܹһʮնɱȥʼֻվĹϿա
ҿǱĹ֮УֻĹΧжɡЦһ
һǵѹͼ˲ˡ𲻻ҲЦ
Ǿ仰ܹﵽɾĶɵӣοЩѾɾصǿߣʲôĳûм˿ܴƲһЩ
˫ͻȻһâֱӺɫӰϡ
Ŷ𲻻ǰһ˫ȻֱӴɫӰϴ˹ȥɫӰȴûܵʲô˺
ԭˣԭˣЦ
Ҳ˼ĿɫӰ
ԭһǻΧҼʶĶˣ黹ǵһμʥҲӦ˹
󷨾ȻҲܹʶ⵹δżδ
һֻҪɱӰ񲻾ζ󷨱ˡʥĸſеĽɫӰ
ֻҪɱ飬ô̫Żܹˡ˲䣬ǿߵĹ䵽ɫӰϡ
ʹ˶ĹҲֻɫӰ˼¡
ûЧܰɡʥ˼Ŀ֮ȻĽɫӰ
ûЧ̫ǿǵĹÿֻĵٵҡҡͷִɫӰΧĿռ䲻ͣըѣÿһըѣɫӰͻһЩֻʵ̫۲죬޷֡
ͣĺҾͲ󷨵ġ
ܹðΣս̫Ż֮еĶǶ̫Żı뷨ģǾô뿪Ļ˵ʲôԸ⡣
ɫӰĿǰΨһİ취ˣҲֻɻҽˡ
ɫӰҲû뵽ԼһͻЩʿΧ
󷨵ʶ٣һֱǳڳ˯֮еġ
ڸոӦ̫ʥѪѹѹȴ̫ʥһȺʿһҪƿ̫Żꡣ
׼չһЩʿܣ̫Ż꣬û뵽ЩʿҪ̫Ż꣬ô̵ʱ֮ھͿ㡣
飬Եһ֮ڵΪ󷨵Ҳ޶ȵģһϵĻ󷨾пƿ
ͬʱô˳֣󷨵ķ֮ҲֳٷݣķɢҲ޷Щﵽɾǿ˺
Щµȵ壬̫ʥ飬ǶúɫӰҲܲôˣţһ£ɱһЩʿ
ߣˣǽɫƣһÿһζܽӵ֮С
һڣİɡЦһ
һô֣Ҫ赲ɫӰĹܹ쵽ġ
ǸǸɫӰˣһֻֻɫƷĳ󷨵ҲһٶţɫҲԭԽ
ڣƣһ֮ͻȻһ˳һ˳ǹֱӴ̽ɫӰš
ƿ
һ˳ǹѪʢ
𺣷죡һҲʱˣǬϵǻڻʥЭ֮¸ɫӰϡ
ˣˣڳʿѾõӰЦ
ڣ׼õ˻һһھѪģʱһڵĶڳǵǰ
ߣһʧⶴ֮У˲䣬ⶴڱʧˣ·Ǵûгֹһ
ʿעɫӰϣ˭ûע⵽Ѿʧʡ
ƿ˾ͺãʯڣʱʿǰһȭʯ֮ϡ
꣡ǹѵ
ʹû󷨵ػʯڵļӲ̶ҲǵаҪƿѣ
ʯͷҲûмʶҲˮԹʹˮ֮Ҳ޷ʴʯڡ
ͻаħʥˮ˵еãһħʥˮҲֻܸʴһָ׸ǴСİ۰ˣͰ֮ڵħʥˮȥҲδ港ʴһ
Щǿ˵ҪƿʯڵҲʲôܵ顣
Ӿ档ͻȻеĶ
ӾԸֿʯΪʳģԵĿʯԽ࣬Ʒ׾Խߡ
˵ﵽȫӾųﲻ̣ټӲĶҲҧϡ
꣡һֻĴָСʯ鱻Ӿˡ
Ӿ׽Ȼһνʳ㻨˰Ĺ
ӾܹһСҪѵʱԲ٣
бƿʯڵҲһң𲻻Ľ˫޼᲻ݣصĥҲܹһЩĩ
ȻҲƿʯڣȴ̫ۣŪ۷Ǿ·
ваҿҪ˵ӡͿżҪӾ˵
ȻˣûпѾҧôһ𣿡ָһСָȥС˵
ʹжϳʯڵĺȣһңΪڳСӾѾǲ߲ݸĸˡ
ȥˣ⼸ͷһֱûмʡ
ҡҡͷ֪
㲻֪üͷһ壬Ȼǲš
סݣֻİֶѡõ˵
ʵͻȻʧЩ⣬ʵԸǲܰ;ϵġ
ѵͻȻһĹ֮С
ܣܵģûɰܵģƴҪ
ԽԽÿܣ
̫Ż塭ͿЦһȻһ㡣
˻ʵ̫ʥѪĹ̫ʥһ֮ʲôϵ
ˣȻһĹϵҲǰûڲѣʵĻʱҲԽ̫Ż֮ˡ


912 ս
˿̺ѾΪʱʶѾǽ̫Ż֮УѾռ˾ԵȻ
ȻھԼƿʯڣȣҲҪʮʱ䣬ȵȫʯڵʱ򣬿ѾĹ֮еıŪĲˡ
ͶôļĹʯҲͻȻ򿪵ģľֻǵȴ
ְٶȥĻûмʮҲƿʯڣȻԸǸһ
һٶȱ֮ǰҪȻǻĹǿƿһһ˸ߵĶڡ
ⶴ·ģʲôҲ˵ġ
֮ǰõ˳Ĺ֮УĹϵһңڶʿ֮нˡ
䣡һһ̾ͳʧȥ֪
ʱ򣬷ΧȻǿһˣһʿȻʧˡ
ͲҴ⣬ۼ׻סȫ׻ʽҲƴ
ͷԼһƬɭ֡
濴Ĺ󣬵ȴǬ⼸ȵһСˡ
̫ŻصҲ̫ˣһһƿһؾѾˣһͨҪƿΧһʯǲܵ顣
ϣһ׻ʽѾһ𿪡
Ծ׻ʽĽ澹Ȼ޷һնɱɼߵƤҲͬһ㡣
˻˻һоѸٶص˺ڰ֮Уֻ¶ͷ
̫ʱޡͺһ
ܹ̫ʱ޶Ǻǵģһپǿ޵˵ڲˣʵȻҪǿٵġ
ܹնɱΪ֪ٵ㣬һͷûʲô취ˡ
ߵ±Ҳ˶ˡ΢΢̾˿
ͻȻŵһȷ磬һ׻ʽնǧâ
Щâ߾޴ֻ֮ðһ˿ǰˣû˵ѾſѪڣҲֻߵľ룬һͶ㲻Ļôһ;ͻᱻɡ
¶һ˿Цݣ·һжԤ֮Уеľ׻ʽ˦ֱӴߵͣ߸С
çţȭͽǳͷ­һȭ
꣡Ҳޱȵ׺֪ԼҲȴһҧȥ
ұ۵ۼҲܵش˲ٵƣǲûȫѣһ
Ҳǲţɭ֮һԣһȥǽҲữΪĩȴû뵽Ȼһ
ףʹһ
븹еľ׻ʽʱâʢصھĶ֮б
𣡡ʱͰۼǼӲǶȴûʲôοںа׺ͽ۷׵ףƻѾǲˡ
ˣұһУ׻ʽУתһ̴ߵͷ­
һʱ䣬һ߲ų׶ǿҲѡ
ߵۼװ֮ʿߵĸȡߵȻְߵͷ­ʿҵһȭͷС顣
߲֪˶ٸͷˣǱܱͿϵҲ⼸ˡ
ߵƵҩ̷ֱвЧǿΪ׾ٵ顣
һۼ׶ܹס׻ʽĺˣһҲһѡһһľı
ߵʵɶصǿҲһս֮ϧͣ׵ľͱնɱˡ
ߵĳҲһ¾ӣ֮дΣգɭ֮ж֪˶δ֪ǿﲻʱʱ̶̿СĽ䱸Ļôһ̾пʧȥ
ɭֲ󣬵͵ٶȺ߳ɭѾһԺˡ
˿̵ͻѪҲм˿ڣȴǾӡ
ɭ֮޺У඼Ǵ̫ʱޣʵ֮ǿǿߡ
Щ֮⣬ɭ֮Ҳ˲ټΪϧҩһЩ̫ʱڶΪϡٵҩҩ
ĵرΧͻػǲҪõЩϧҩͲɱĺЩ޲ͻ
ʵͨǿ󣬼ʹûнɾ磬ȻǿԺЩ¡
һ͵õ˲ϧҩѾҪĲ϶յĲˣֻѪǿ񻨻ûе֡
ɭ֣Ϳıһӣɣ֮ͻһЩ༫Ϊ׶࣬Ǽһ֪ʲôࡣ
ͽǰնɱһͷӽ˺ʱӿʼ࿪ʼɱһеҲһͷܵʬˡ
Ƭ̵ĹһͷһٶɵĴܾͱЩʳҶʣˡ
գҸոչȥĻҪһ³Ҳ̲סһ¡
ںӱȡһˮԼϴһ飬˸ɾ֮Ͳ·
˵ͶԼòûʲôرע⣬ȫѪҲֲģðΣһ֮ϴһ塣
ȻԽ֮ͱ㿴һֻʣ°صʬ塣
ǱġͿʿ̵ͫϳʬݡ
ڽǶ֮е˶ɢˣ֮ûзκˡ
Ҳ˱ѹĻ;͵ùˡ
˿ƽһֵġͿ˵
Ǳʲôһ㣬ӦǽʿΪ
ʶţԲ֮ڲûзʲôʿأŰһ
ﱻɱζŽʿѾʼʿ֮Ҫ޸Ϊ¡
ȡ˼˿ߣ⻹֮ǰõģ͸ȴޱȣҲᱻ˿߸ˡ
⼸˿УֻҪвԣЩޱȵ˿߾ͻɳκεǰĶ
͵ĵƺǶˣһ£ͷ֮Ⲣûʲôʿ
ͿոձԼնɱһͷϬǻ˵ʵǿֻһͽնɱϬǻĸȴһӡ
ӡԲΪ֮ǰļͷҲ
Ҳ˼ƽϣѡ·ȶʶɨһ£ȷûʲô֮Żǰ
Щ޷·׼һ㣬ֱ
Щϵ˺ۿʿЩ޹
ʦʵôôǿһʯ֮Уʿ˽
Ȼ֪ʦݣǼʹǻѡ˳֣һʦϵĲƸʹǶɾǿ߻Ǻ˵ġ


913 ڷ˫ɷ
Ͳûеˣ˭һʦأһһ䵥ʦǧѷĻᡣ
ʿɢˣҲ˴һᡣ
Ƿ͵ʱһЩη壬Ͼһʦǣ˭֪жǿػء
ǾЩĹ۲죬͵ȷһˣŶ̰׼ɱ͡
ṳ̂ɾ磬Ȼܹó֮пȴڵǱȱȽǡ
ڰȫĿǣǲûֱӳ֣һЩ޵ߡ
ʦ˵˶ηмӣǱʵȴôϾҪȫĵͶ뵽֮ϣͨսľЩѷ⼸ʿĹʶΪһͷȴ˺ڵ޾ԶԸ͡
ʵ֤̫ˣʱ˺˵ʦóĻǵһ
ﻹǲóĳ̶ȼֱǻҪʤһʹǿȴ˺ڵҲһƾˣս֮ǿЩɾǿҲһЩľ
磬ƺԲⶼ쵽ķˣȴû뵽ȴһ鵶У²졣
¸ɶصǿѲɻһԲĺ󱲡϶һ
˵ĶԣʵǿҲֻһʿҵǿѲɻϴһ
ֱ֮ӳ֣˴һһǸ߶£ǾͲκβһССĴʿ
߾վסͰϵĲƻ˱˻Ҫһ
ڡɫЩŹ֡
֪үǷ֮˾ʶһ㣬ϵĶүԿǰȣšͷɫ˵
ɶҲ٣ζ˰ɡһЦ
ô㻹뷴һʦүҪɱ練ƣҪǿҷڻеôүһˡͷк˺ߡ
𣿡ֱ˦һâ
ͷҲû뵽ǿߵʱ򻹸֡
嫵ķֱѹһпǰԲˬѹʵ͵ʿǾһѹһ׼
ͷѾڻ뽫͹׸֮õʲôĽˡ
ͣͷеüͻȻһ㡣
ͷеʬһţõĶȫ
һɶصʿˣȻԴֵزΪǺ嫵ķѹסˣȴû뵽ʯ֮䣬;ȡе
֣һһЩ鷳ԴҲֻ˵Բˡ
ֵ׼͵ʱǡÿһĻһɶصǿ߱ͬɱһɱʱ˲ͽͷˡ
ǵʵδػǷʿǿ϶٣ҿȻûгȫﻹҺ԰
ߡϴոջͷͳʧȥ
ԭһͺһ
һصĻͻδܷǣϧ֮ǰڵģǻܲǾǼ˹ˡ
ڽ˴֮Ͱһˣɶؾѣ̫鷳
һջķᣬ˼鱦֮Ǹĵرˣлм֮ʱҪõҩ
һĲϳѪǿ֮⣬˵Ǵˡ
ֻѪǿһı˵һνҲһģûѪǿǾͲһˡ
Ҫ̫Ż֮ҵһʿҲһ׵鰡
֪̫Ż굽ж󣬽̫Żʱֶɢˣ̫Ż֮һʿǴ롣
һ֮ͷһĹѨĹѨ֮вûзʲôмֵĶ
Ƿ˼鱦µʴЩ鱦Ѿʧûʲôˡ
ĹѨҲͷ绯ˡ
ĹѨĲҲʵ̫򵥣·⿪ٳһѨȻȥһ㡣
⣬һҲϵʱ̫ʥݰ
˵һĹѨеڶһ֮ھһĹѨǶûеõʲôı
̫ʥ嵽׷ʲô飿ʹĹѨ֮г֮һֱ⡣
ЩĹѨ֮еıﶼܵˣȻĹѨǰһ񶷡
̫ŵȻ˽Ĳ࣬ǵʱܹв̫ʥƺûУܹ̫ʥͻȻʧǸжôĿֲ
̵ģǻЩĹѨ֮оȻһıﶼûСǸĹѨʮҲһĹѨ
ͱˣ̫Ż걾ֻһĹܲŪñͶˡһŮӵӵıԹ
ߣһʮˣһﶼû̵Ӳ˵
һһŮһԵ£Ͳʶ绹Щ֮ǰҲ˵
ڷ˫ɷͿЦҡҡͷ
ڷ˫ɷǺǶĺϵʿûʮҲаˡ
Ȼڷ˫ɷҲϳͣͻʦҪǶѰ
ڷ˫ɷ˵ֻɶصʿȴóϻ֮аͨ쳣ǿսǿߵļ¼ǿͲòӡ
ñû뵽ôΣתˡɷͺٺЦ
õһʦأֵ̫ŻȿҲ˶ˡ
ͶԴҲΣһʱЩʿܿԼһԼ䵥ʱ򣬼еʿһ⣬˭˶Ҫҧһڡ
ڷ˫ɷȻ⣬Ҳ£ܹսΣͿǻʵһͷصǧĿ˵ġ
СӣеĵҩɷһǰҰ׵צѾץ͡
ڷ˫ɷһͨһ˫ϣǲҰ׵ž˵һ˫צ֮µǿҲ
˵ɷѾܿ͵ҪǱһצץʵ˵ĻҲںɷôġ
ϣԤ֮еִѪĸоȴûг֣ȡ֮죬צӾȻˡ
ԼұɫӡҲЩ𺳵ģһצӵǲСܹצӡѾǺ˲ˡ
壡ɷһһһֱǶԼ鱦֪ʲôƵצѾץ
飡һȭצӲӲһ£ֻǺһɷ˶˳ȥұ۸Ǳֲˡ
ӲӲֻ˵ɷ˽ͣǿֲɲ˭ܽӵġ
ҲɷʵֻһֱۣһҲҪ׽ˡ
һϣɷӲԼʹкɷһΧ͡


914 ¾ħ
ɷħ֣һ˿
ڷ˫ɷľȻɷħֻ֣˼ߵĳ̶ȣһӶûϳȷɷħɡ
ˣֱӽϵұеɷĶ͡
ڷ˫ɷʿҲûжصĻֱָ۶˾Ƕˣպҵ֫ҩͿԸԭˣɾǿ˵ҩѰ
ԭˡͿںһĶ
ڷ˫ɷܹ紳ôҲûеģһֺϻ֮ͷͬһ㣬ϻ֮Ȼܹɷħһͨһ𣬱ı屶
ǲ͵ұ۶ʱۼףһɫֱ˦˳ȥ
Х£
ȥڷ˫ɷȡ
Ƿ޳û˭ҺӲӲģľһֺϻ֮ϻǰصǿҲҪĶӡ
飡һֻɫצײһ𣬶ʱռѣߵĺֱӽԲʮﶼΪƽء
ϧǲһ㣡һӣ׻ʽֱӴɫơ
ۣɷһֱֱӱж
㿪ˣͺһΪһն
飡ֻɷͻȻǰ˫һĵס⽣â
͵Ĺûннնʮâеľ׻ʽҲʮ޵Ѿڷ˫ɷװΧˡ
䣡ȻһɲǣһħͻȻɳƿ˾׻ʽĽ󣬽ڷ˫ɷ°ߡ
ߣȻħ˾ߣʮ׻ʽʱ׹ʢ
Ȼаףħ֮дһɡ
׻ʽ֮е׵ͳͳаףʮ׻ʽа׵˵ԴԴ
ħҲû뵽Σа׶ħٶЩƣЩаȻ˲ȴúܲ
ħ𣬾ңնֱ۵ĺɷһ
ߣһδ̤ɾĺ󱲶ò£ȻãȴҲûҪºڷ˫ɷ˼
Ȼôϲ£ôɴ㶼ɡһݣ֮Ŷʱɳ޾ӿ
֮ţñһֻɫĴֱ֮ţȻҪ֮žΪС
룡һߣһΣͻȻһ׳һնɫ֡
Ϊߣϱﵹǲ٣ЩǱħˡħɢһְֳȵɫưĿ͡
ħʮħ֮е¾ħ
ħ붼ˣħθںܴ󰡡ͺһڴ֮ǰûмħˡ
̫Ż߾֮ħΪβ¾ħЦһ
ħʮħͬСɣǰ¾ħʮħ֮вǿȻصǿߣ֮ʶҪ߳һȼ
̫Ż겢ûʲô⣬ȴǵҡһһֱ˳ŵ洫˹ȥ
ˣ¾ħǰͻȻһħס
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ˮ¾ħЩ˼Ŀ͡
ɫĻ֮ȻܵˮϢˮжô¾ħʹҲմȾ
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ۿκβͣɴ¾ħеİſ֮һһγֵӵǿѾѹ͵ˮ档
¾ħҲЩţһССĴʿˣȻ˷ѾѾſ֮ˣȻû͡
ͬʱ¾ħҪĵֵ֮ŵ˵ǸܵС
ȫˣ¾ħһȳ쫷磬Ȼڿγһ֮ˣ·ҪһƬض˺һ
ħ𣡡ɷЦ¾ħһСӾϵ⣬׸ˡ
ϧվǲ磬Ǿһе鷳Ѿ֮˰ͷǵûͷľ򣬷ϧҡҡͷ
¾ħŭ֮ڵĺ͡
Ȼһ̣һƽɫĹâͻȻ¾ħͻȻһֲõԤС
䣡ȼˣ
˶ȼɫĻ棬ɫĻŰ
˵κβңȫԡڻ֮еͻ֮һ㡣
¾ħʵҪʤ͵ģǴ˿͵ǰȴԵ˵С
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ֲ̫ˣֲ̫ˣ¾ħﻹҶͣ
ħʿΪɵľյĶͨ¾ħܹƾǿħѹһԵǽ۷װʮ֮жǰĻ氡ҵֵ
ͻȻֻƬնӡȾ˽ɫһ޴ĻѾγɣ¾ħ޿ӡ
Ҳȫһȡ
绹ûдǽھͳʧˣܹͽ۷ء
ٳǹһ£۷׶ʱ
¾ħͷħֵ۷ףͷųħڴ۷׵˲Ҳʼȼ¾ħ޷ֵ۷ײһ̣¾ħעֻ·һ
ܣܵģħôᡭɷͲţոջռϷ¾ħôôˡ
Ҳȥɡһ˳ȥ
ҲҪҲҪڷ˫ɷŭţǸ޷ᦵֻĿԼĻǱȻͶ֮С
յĻǵߣѾΪһɱһǧУɾĻǾֻڴµĻǸʤ
¾ħ֮ͽָ
ɱħħ˵ûʲôͬħΣֻҪԼͳͳʲô³
¾ˡڻһ࣬һҡҡͷ
ôܣ¾֮ȻǿҲصǿ߰ѵصЩһˣһʵ
¾̫죬źŶҲֻصǿ߲ˡҡҡͷ


915 ɫ
磬ȥ¾ĵص㿴ʣµľͽҰɡӵ˵
ҲãϾħħǾô׵ˣħҲһܴĴӵ˵ͷ
˾ȻҲħħ֮һһ˾ȻǼħʮħ֮нڻȪħǿߡ
ħߵǺӵȻǲԶʮħ֮еǿ߻Ȫħ
ҲֻлȪħָܹӵĶħҪ֪˻Ȫħ֮Ŵħǲģ˭˭
һָȪȪħһָԤ׵ģǰļͷ޵ѸٵĿήȥһʱˣЩɾ޾ͳʧȥ
ͬһʱ䣬ħҲѾϵ¾ħĵص㡣
ǿĻϢħ˲͸ܵΧ񱩵ĻϢ
ħмң˵ħϾʮ𣬵˭ûۼʶ
¾¾ȻǿСħ΢΢̾˿
ħܹƿǿĻҲصǿߣǿĻ棬Ҫ˲նɱ¾ħҲʲôܵ顣
ֻħԺ֮ѰûҵʿκϢ
յ˵ܹӵôǿĻģȻ֮г
ڳֵǿҲǻǻˣǻǬһصľˣҪɱ¾ħǲܵ顣
ܹôģȻʮ֮ǰʮ𡣡ħεҡҡͷ
¾ħĺܳףʲôû£ħҲĲκõϢֻܷء
ʯͿǰһһ˸ߵʯͷȴǷˡ
ʯֽǴڴ˵֮еĶȻĴڡ
ʹ֮нȫĶҲǼΪģҲͼһˣǱǿȸϵβëоȫ
ͽβëƳɫ⣬֮ڣﲻˢ
ѪƣȸɫⲢǸزΪĽõɫĵطҲԽԽˣԭΪɫ̫Сˡ
ҲͼѰһЩ֮ǿڵɫ⣬ȴڣоȫıϡ٣жʿóأ
ȴҲû뵽ĹѨ֮оȻ˾޴ʯôͽԼڵɫɵĵزˣϹʱʥľ硣
顱ֱӽʯ
ԹԣȻô󡣡Ϊһ˸ߵʯѾǺܴˣ⻹֮һˣڵص»֮һɸߵʯһ޼֮
²˳٣͵ϣ׼ɫ⡣
̫Ż֮Σأһűֶпܾһ
Ҳʶһ£綼Īɫɾ羿жôֲ
֮У;ʹһʯʱ¥֮Уʱٿһһ֮󣬱ȫĵĿʼ
˫ֵʯ֮ϣڵɫһת˳˫ֽʯ֮ڣһ֮ɫ»ص͵ڣܶʼڵɫҲԽԽǿ
ûеޣʱ¥֮ԼĪһǧ꣬ڵɫȻܹ׳
ȥҲûףҲͲˣȫĵĴڵɫ⡣
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䣡һըѵ죬ʹ֮˹
һɸߵʯʱѾΪһѷĩʯ֮ڵ֮Ȼյһɶ
һ꣬Ȼһ꣡ԼЩ˼顣
ǴɫˣȻͻĹ⼸ֵܺˡ
ʵԽͨҪʱȻҲԽɾǿ߶ԣѸʱһǿͨǺ顣
ɫ⣬ﲻˢһ뵽Ѿɵɫϲ¶һ˿Цݡ
ɫҲ֮ǰͬˣֻҪһתڵɫ⣬ͻ۳һ࣬һͷȸķࡣ
ɫ֮󣬾ȻҲ۳һ࣡
ãûһһĹһͨĵ˵ͷ
ΪһͨɵԵʣ͵ƿȻһ˿ɶѾǰβˣҪͻƻǲܵ飬Ѿüˡ
Ҫһɫ飬ˢһɫ⡣
䣡
ɲǼ䣬Բ֮ڣ֮ڵıȫ
ô£Զǧ֮ĵػʲ˼ĿԼеĵػ顣
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ǵػʣֻҪǧﷶΧ֮ڵıּ¶
ĻܱѹֱӾǷ˹
Χ֮Ҳ͵Ԥϣֵ֮ĸֱҲЩ֪롣
ߣ㻹¼æ˵
͵˵ͷôĶ˸ע⣬ҪǼĻµʱҪ鷳֮ˡ
Щͳͳս֮͵ʩչ뿪һƬ
ɫɰ±ﻹʲôòġҲһľ
ɫ⿪ٵֻпӵйʱһһĴڣ˭ǣһŭһɫˢôʣ¡
壬ڿͷʢЩҪѹµơ
ڵҲҪѷڿֻǲ֪ΪΣڿƴﵽ۷ʱͻȻʧˣһʧĻħɫ⡣
ʧȥ˿ĵλҲһǧɣ˵ûеĵزǺͿʱȴ޷ȵˡ
Ϳ˵Ǽ̳˿²ɫ͵ĿҲѷɫ
һˡüǰһ
һɶֱӶݳȴҲû뵽ôãֱһˡ
ôˣͷһľ϶Ǵˣһء
һĻָҶ䵽ز֪֮ǰǾ˶ôҵսˡ
ⶴѨ֮еıܾ̾Ȼʮַǵûռκεıˣһˡһ˿ɬ˵
ϢҲһһʮϿɶصΪΪֻԸһͷܣһˣδҲ̫˼˰ɡ
˭ҹͻȻһĳվ
ˣһ˵Լˡ
սһģǸյǾͷˡ
ϤϢϤֻһǿԶԶ֮ǰܱġ
ÿһμʵͻᷢ츲صı仯һεֱصľˣڴɵ֮ʱֱˡ
ҪʲôһĳҲһȻǼɵ


916 
ڰҲЩﶼѲΪȡ֮֮һϵ
ƺûв͵ڣֻЦеĿһľϡ
ǻʡʡɣһ֮гͰе㿴ͷ֮⣬Ͳܿһľȴκε顣
ͷ̾ܵı̾ҺҪˣĹǡֱ˵Լ⡣
ʵǿĳ̶ֳȵʱѾȫӵκεļııˣǰȻѾﵽز
غؿֻһȼֱӵĲȴޱȵľ޴󣬼ʹһоŸˣȴûκεܹǰ
ǰпܣǾ޿ܵġ
Ҫһͷ̾ܿ˵ֵΪλҪǺһʵ
ԸһͷȻǿˣɲһͷһѣܹͷ̾ܣҲûаܹͷ̾°ȻѡһľϣǼЦƺڳЦǵԲ
һľҲǾȲѣⶴѨ֮оȻͷ̾ܵĴڣǸոսһͷˣѾ˵ˣͷĻ³ˡ
֪çײĽⶴѨ֮һô޴ˣһˣѾˡ
Ǹͷ̾ܣʣͷͽնɱͷ֮̾ȥ֧Ԯǡ˵ͲһľϣֻҪ⼸˸˵һ֣֤Ÿٵ
һľҲ֪ԼĴһͷܾ̾ѾֵܹˣͬʱͷĻôǱɡ
ΥĻôȱ֣̾ܳǾѾ촦ˣĺҲǳġ
ãǻΪͷ̾ܡõĳĬ֮һľҲڵͷ
ӦһǾܾĻǾʮˡ
ʱһû׼ҪôĴˣͷ֮̾׼ֱ·˵֧ԮѹͲţǰϣϵĻֻĸ죬ʲôʱ򣬰˰Լȷľ
ʲô֣һ
һľҲֻεĵ˵ͷŶѨ֮д˼â
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ɣɣ̾ͻȻ
ԮˣߣһŽ̾߿ˣһڡ
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ͷȻϡŽͷ̾ϲ¶һ˿Ц⡣
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꣡⿴ͷȴ쳣Ĵ͸޳ϵ˲ͱ̴ˡ
һĳϴһ˲ըѡ
ԱһĳѡԱϾܡ
һﵽؾʿԱ൱˵ģǱ̾ҲӲ
һѾǴﵽ˵Ѫľ磬ǲô׾ģ˵ԱΪһӰ죬ǺǾ΢ˡ
ȻԱ֮һ峤ϵѪڿۡ
ҪɱңЩ滹ʸ񣡡һĳϷЦ
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ǰһĳѡԱȷһǵѡԸһͷܻ̾ܰ쵽̾ԱѾըǱ̾ܵͷʱ֮ǲٳֵģʱˡ
һҪԵͷ̾ܣȴľֻ·һ
ת˲֮䣬һɥʧһؾĳϣ
ߣһĳﻹҵֵһͷܾ̾ͺѶԸˣοһֱӳͷǳ֮
Щ̾ƺҲܵʲôһ㣬׷˲ţҪ׽ǽŸġ
ͶһԵ϶˶Ѩ֮С
״ʲô⣿ҲЩ⣬ʱȴǱⶴѨʱ
ȷΧûбʿ֮Ҳ̾ܵĶѨ֮С
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ȻٵǰÿǰһҪС̽顣
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䣡ͻȻѨʼҵҡΡ
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̾ܵŭҲǴ˷ͱܾ̾Ȼôͽˣ
ҲӿԼٶȣҲҪ֪Ķı̾Һʲô
ͷ򣡡ɲǼ䣬Ѩ֮һƬžȻѨɽ֮С
Ҳæת֮ںһ
ڵ̥֮֮оҲͻ˽
ԽսԽ£ͷ̾ȴţټƣǶͲκεв
ֻһâ̾ܵͷ­Ӧ䡣
ͷ̾ܵʬų
̫ޣȻñô֮һ
ҪǱĻͷҲŹϧˣǲ΢΢̾˿
ôǿǷһ˲͵Ϣй¶һ˿
ţȻôãһֻɫצֱӺڵķλ
⣬¶ˣҲһ󷢿࣬ڸոյ𾪾ȻûпƺԼϢڱˡ


917 峤ϵı
Сӣһ۱ϳ͡
Һϻһֱӷɳ˶Ѩ
һܣܲģңˡ
һ߷ѾصΪҪԸһδ̤ɾͻֵ
Ӳģһ˲ͳ͵ǰ
飡ͼ˼һƴؿڣȵϢ˲䴫塣
ҲǰľһԶԶԤϣԺһЩɶصʿˡ
򣡡һƵ˺֮˳նһһֱ͵ţҪնɱˡ
ڷ֮ʱ;ͺ壬ʱȻ߳һ磬ȴȻκβ͡
֮Ǹʱ͵ĳɳٶѾԤϣһڱʿ׷ɱҲֻֻܲʶӡ
һΣһ߷ѾصΪ綼ǿˣԸһССĴʿһλʧܡ
ըѣնһͲӲ˫һһռѷͻȻǰնһʱ֮С
һļǺͻǾȲ㣡һһתʱΪһɫֱӽ;쫷֮С
ȻҲԴУ۷ףҿ
ںɫ쫷ͺ飬һɫĻ治ϵĺ쫷硣
Ҳǰľʮ֮Ľ۷׾Ȼһδ̤ɾСС
ģûдﵽɾǸշּĻģɾǿʮʱ򶼲˿Ĵ⣬ֻп˲ͻὫճ˻ҽ
һŭȻʼЩֵס۷׵ˡ
ˣʱ͵վ׻ʽӰء
ǡǴĽУ֧Ųסˡ
ָģ͸ǵƲˣʩչԼΪǿ֮еĽָġ
ͺԼڵʵԶԶ޷ģԼֻǽ˽۷׺ͽʱѹһôֻ·һˡ
ǧâΪһ壬һӵĳֱӴš
֣ҪΪΪۣһ֮죬ûʱſԼ
Ͼصǿߣһ˺Ҳޣڵ֮תһâǴ̽˽Ϊ̡
ڳʱѾʧȥ͵ټ
һΣȻһСԼƤӵˡ
һŹġĺ
֮еҲǽı鿴˷ŭҲ˵ˬ졣
ʱҪҲδܵĵ֮Ĳʵ̫ˡ
ֻƴһ£ƴʩչԼΪǿĽģȻץסʱ֮УŻᰲȫ
ȻˣֻԼΪǿһȻô׾͵ͻһЩʧ䡣
ã̫ͷͿҪˡͻȻԶĸڵڼٷ
ϣΪһâ뿪ⶴѨ
еĿѾﵽ̾ҺѾˣֻûɱСź
ͷܻ̾صѨ֮зͷͬ飬ʱˣʼĴѰ
ҿ⼸һﻹͰһ·׷ɱŪĳϡͿű̾ϵʬ岻һ
ɣ
ɣ
ͳͷ̾ܲע⣬峤ЯĴָ
峤ϵĶʶӡǻǿ͵һЦεĳĨȥⴢָϵӡǡ
ɾҩ鱦Ȼٲ˵ģЩ͹עص㣬Ѫǿ񻨣Ѫǿ񻨣һ׶ҪĶ
ûСѰһָ֮ͲûзѪǿ񻨵Ĵڡ
ǺֿʼѰڶָһҲֻҵһѪǿ񻨡
ѪǿһʹһĳҲ̫ࡣ
һöָ֮ͻҵѪǿ񻨵ʹ÷
ԭʮÿ˶ӵһѪǿ񻨣Σʱġ
֮ǰǸѾùˣͲûҵ
Ҳ˵ʣ֮ҲѪǿˣϲ¶һ˿Цݡ
öָһõļ鱦Ѫǿ񻨣ɾ֮ĸǲ
ֻҪ׷ǣܵõѪǿˡͺٺһЦ
ЩѪǿ񻨶ֶƹȫǸɵģѾʧȥҩȴȫıʹҲֳܷЩѪǿ񻨣ѪǿԲͱѡ
ԸصǿߣƽʱͶȻǲçײģĳϵҲòȥʹסҲˣֻҪĺãɱһпܵġ
²˳٣ͷ̾ܵƤӵǿг˶Ѩ
ɣЩ̾Ȼ뿪ͬһʱ䣬͸ͷѾ͡
žʹһָһŻֱӷ˳ȥ

ͷܷ̾·ǼʲôµĶһ㣬Ȼ˲ͣæԼͷմȾһ˿

ͷܷ̾ŭͺһʶţ鿴Χĺۼ
ȻǱ̾һ·׷ɱȥģڵϱȻһЩۼֻҪ˳ЩۼȻܹҵڵĴ·λ
֪˴µķλƾ͵ǿʶҪҵҲʲô¡
ۣھĵ£ȫڡ
ڵﻹһ˿ǿߵӣϸһֱѪ
ͷ̾ܵ׷ɱ֮£˵ǱסҲشһʵܷӸһɾͲˡ
һصһԲŹġһŭݣһĳ֣ǸͲô
ȿȿȡ𡭡һᱨġ
ûлˣ
һĨͷ­˲͵˵ϡ
ѪûõġһͻȻ˶Ѩ֮С
ôַ
ҲҪ
ĳϵţᦾǻǵĿǣܹѡ
ûвκεķ󷨣ҲûиԼϢȻ͸ôö֮ڵصˡͲмĺһ
ԭΪҪҵ˻һЩֽţ˭֪Ǹûвػ͵ʶֱҵǡ
ܵĴҲԤϵҪصĶ࣬ܲܶأɴ;ֱӳ֣Խɨһпǵͷ­ȡǵ꣬ʹеѪҲʩչˡ
Ѫǿ񻨣Ҳֵˣͼ˵Ĵָ֮󣬵õѪǿ񻨣ĵ˵ͷ


918 Ϊ
֮ǰõѪǿѾõ˰˶ѪǿˣӦǹˣǰ˷ݶƲĻôʦҲͷˡ
ҲЩͻƽɾĻᰡ
㲻׼̾ɣȻ֪ʦǡ·͸ûʱѾ׼Ĳˡ
ɾ磬ȻŹᣬԼɫ˴ɵľأƿɶ׼ȴһֱͻɾ硣
ιι̫Ż갡֪֮ᷢʲô飬ͻȻ̫çײ𣿡̲סȰ˵
Ϊ޷Ԥ֮ᷢʲô飬ұԼʵ̫Żĳ֮ⶼɾǿߣߵĻ֮ΣաѾ׼ˡ
˵ǰ㣬ڽ̫Żڶʿ֮УΪ͵һ˶ǿܹͨԽսĻһ̫Ż֮ˡ
ֻ̤ɾ磬Ͳ˺Щʿʱ
͵ͨصʿѾǼˣصǿ߾ҪĶӣؾǱɡ
һ̤ɾĻʹصǿҲһս֮ҲԱܷ̤ɾ磬ܷ뵽֮źҪӰ졣
Ѿڽ𵤵ķˣҪƳһ򵥵顣
ϡҩ͵зɿͶ¯֮У˿͵Ķﵽ۷ľ磬һεƽʱǰ⣬ƴȫ
ǱϾǽ𵤷ĵҩ͵һƣ˰֮һ¯ҩʧܡ
ͲûʼƵڶ¯ҩϸĹ۲һʧܵҩеѪǿ񻨲ûȫںϵĹ֮г⡣
֪ڣͿʼڶεһͼӳʱ䣬ȴҩҩԵʧڶ¯ҩҲһʧܡ
Ѫǿ񻨳ΪƵҩѵ㣬Ѫǿ񻨻⡣
õѪǿǾһַӹģһĴƵҩʱҩ롣
취⣬ƲҲǳ˼
Ѫǿ񻨷·һĸ壬뵽ҩ
Ǿֻзֿˡ΢΢̾˿
Ѫǿ񻨺ҩֿƣȵѪǿ񻨳֮ڽҩںһ
ںϵʱһҪǡô¯ҩͻˡ
ȻˣǾһĶðɡЦЦ
һĶö˵ûж⣬ƽ𵤵ʱ򻹸һĶãڶʦ֮пҲֻ͸ôˡ
ʵ֤һĶõķǡôƾԼľ飬Ѫǿ񻨺ҩںҲʮֵ˳
ֱҩҺ϶ΪһʱͲųһѹǱȹˣֻҪպû򣬵ȴɵһ˲ˡ
ȴĹ쳣ģ֮ã¯һ˲䣬׼ˣ׻ʽڿвó˴ûеط䣬һצץ
һѾûεǿĨ˵ҩǡ
ͽԼ״̬ѣȻŷһöǧƳ
һھͻΪϴ͵֫ٺһѾɶƿҲĳ֮²ϵı
ͻƣҪͻˣͿҩͣĳţÿһһ谭ͼһ֡
ѾܹоˣҪͻˣ
һΣͼеҩעһ
䣡ʱ䣬;Լһжͬˣڷɱ䣬徹ȻһǿˣʶҲڲͣš
ΪҪǣ֮иܵһĴڡ
ɽ磬Ǵ˵֮еɽ𣿡ͿԶӰӰ֮һƬã磬Ӱ֮֡
ͻɾ֮ʱȻѾܹܵɽĴڣڶɾǿ֮ҲǼΪġ
֮ǰͽǻɽĴڵĻôڴ˿Ѿȷɽȷʵڵġ
ѹɾǿ߶һеҪɣɲɣɣ
֮ľ˰ɡ͵һЦ߳顣
̫Ż֮ͻ͸ĿŵĶɽȻҲ̣ľǿʵ
ȹ٣͵ʵһ¥֮صǿҲ˿Щ̫Żʿ֮Ҳǿˡ
ҪȹȻǿʵǿڳһµ֮УͼԼֵ٣ٵһԼ
ĶɽٷʽЩΧͶɽٵʿˡ
Ƕɽ֮ʱĸľս׼˴󷨺ͷǿȹ١
ڿͣڶɽְֱٰһɹˡ
ɶءۼʿһ۱㿴͵Ϊ
ɽپ̤ɶصľ磬ֻ˵֮ǰĻʵ̫ڴһƿֱ̤֮ɶء
̤ɶ֮ѾܹǴ˵֮еɽֱӼȡ֮ҲɾǿߵȨ
ɾʵǿҲֻܲɼڿ֮еܼ֮ȡɽ֮
ܹȡɽ֮ȻǲŹǸ߼
û˸ҿͣΪʱľʵ̫ˣ⼳ȡٶȱ֮һЩصǿҲǺѷɫ
ڡڡɽ֮оȻһ̾Ϣ
һ㶣ΪԼˣһ̾Ϣ·ǿ͵Ժ֮УȻޱȵ
һεļȡɽ֮ǿһʿʵı׼ʱԽ֤ʿպǱҲԽ
ͨʿܳһѾǲһµżģһµҲûж١
˰²ֹͣһμȡɼѾԶ󲿷ǿˡ
ҲֻԼ֪һεļȡķ֮һˣҪﵽͣ»Ҫһ²ܹɡ
̫Ż֮ӣһȡһµ֮ͻ޷
ЩԶ۲ǿҲûйᣬڵҲǣĸ۵ĸôҲ
̫Ż֮вٵķĹ඼һЩģõĻܵõɫʯ
ֻһͲ׵ģ̫Ż֮Ϊλô̫ʥʬ壬ҷ·Ǳɱһ㡣
̫ʥݺ̫ʱôʧأͿԶһ߸ߵĹЩʧ
ڶĹѨڵص׵ģҲֻһĹǸ߳档
һ·Ҳ˲ٵǿߣձɶأʵҲûʲô˻һЩԽϾ˭Ҳұ֤ܹ¶Է


919 ţ
˵Ǹո̤ɾ磬ڻһ̤ɾľޱȵȹ̣ûѰʿ
ҪˣټһѾͷͳŲסˡһȺǿΧһͷֻһֻŵޣ˫һ𣬾Ȼƽɫ˭Ҳκβ˭
˵ֻһһǣǶһ±ǵضɽҡףһŭ֮¾Ȼʮǿɡ
ƾʮɾǿߣһЩ鱦ˡ
Ӧ̫ʱڵţˡɽ˵
ɽʶ㣬ҲֻϳǴ̫ʱڵţ
ţ񲻾ţĵĲϣһ㶡
鱦ţĿһٰʮŵ鱦ÿûһζܽԲ֮ڵ֮ǿ֮
ţţҲֻţһƤˡ
̫Ż֮оȻһͷţҿһͷţӣƺûг꣬ոһʮǿ߱ˡ
ѹЩһҲˣԭϳ̫ʱڵţ΢΢̾˿
̫ţжô޴ջ󣿿صǿ߶̲סɡ
һţƤƳţģǽǰһͷţնɱĻõţƤԿƳǿţġ
һ鱦ѾǼֵˣοڰǰé鱦ջǸκεĴˡ
ţǿصǿߡ˵
ţţҲ֮еĶǿߣԼʹôǿΧţȴʼκβ
ֻҪЩǿռһЩƣţͻһЩǿߣһΣ
Σеǿ߶֪ţҲ뷢ܷģп϶ĳƣֻ֪Σÿܹƽţʱֻᱻ𿪡
ţ뷨¿͡
ûСҡҡͷ
Ź֣Ҫû뷨ôվ·˷ۣȻǲ˵ġ
ţп֮ΨһһͷˣˣⱲӶˡ
Ŀ֮£ҪŪţɲһ򵥵鰡ͿЦһ
𣡡һͼæһס
ᣬɱһصʿһһȣеĳ͵ȥ
ˣڣھΧ֮ڹţ
漴Ŀֲʱ˶Ϊ֮ɫ䣬ǿߵʱըΪһ̲⽴ȻĲˡ
ڳǿ߶û뵽ţƤȻ
תһ룬ţľõţƤţƤǺģֻֻλţƤܡ
ţһƶţģԶɣֱú㣬㹥ţĻôֱӻţƤϵǸΪǿ
һصǿ߶޵ֿţƤ֮£ڳ֮лûжܹʤһǿߵģһʱ䶼ǰ
һȺСƲƲ졣
Ȼǲãôţ͹һˡһ
ǽ˫ͻȻʿ˳
ˣʮǿ߶ʱ˳˰
ţĹԽǿҲԽǿ
˫ܹնɱһͷţǻã޷նɱĻô»֮ǰһǿϺܶ࣬пǶҪ֮ܳꡣ
ˣʱͬһ㣬һһΧͳ˰
ںʿֻǷһҽУͳ׻Ϊ˳궼ˡ
𲻻һȻס
ţҲܣ˫ѾʱѪע
ǽ𲻻˫Ȼ鴫ͺһһΣƿ˿ռֱӳţԡ䣡һȭֱӽţɡ
ָģ
ͺޱԼǿĽһնɫĽâ˳Ž˫˺۴˽ȥ
ۣһͷаɵţʱ̴
𣡡
ţѪһ֮ǰΪǿֱͶ֮ǰķΧһεĿֻһˣһˣţҪ֮ǰҲնɱˡ
ǿߵۼһ֮ʱǿֲжôǿ󣬿¼ʹǴﵽصĽ𲻻ҲӲӡ
飡Ҳû뵽ţȻ֮ǰᷢôһӦʵʵı䵽ˡ
ۣǿҵĳֱӽʹ˰ɣ͸³˴ڵѪ
ȿȿȡţЩ˻ƣȴǻ
ܰɣ
Сôģôôʵ
һпصǿҲӲɡ
һЩǿ߿;ȻûЩ˼顣
ΪȵĿ¾ǻˣŹȥ갡;ȻѾǿֵز
۲ذˣ˵Ѿƽһͨ˼£Բľ磬ȴԼǿ֮ϾȻѾ͡
ѲҲ˵ľ硣Щ˼Ŀ͡
ʱû֪ͲûǽĲĻ۾ɳ
ţƤͺһеľ׻ʽһʮɵţƤ
СţƤһǿŭһ
ʱΧǿҲ˹õĿţһƤмֵģҪ˵Ļǵʧʹˡ
ҵűñĶ㵨ӲС𲻻Ҳ˲֣˫Ѿ͵Ҫͼء
ͿҲֻӳһ
סˣ𲻻üͷһ塣
Ľ˫鱦ģҷޱȣʹͬΪ鱦ܹס˫Ҳࡣ
⿴ͨĳȻ͵סˣһǳһɶصСϣδҲ̫˼˰ɡ
һյѾͻһʱ䣬һͳ˰֮⡣
һĿռ䴩󡣡𲻻һռ䴩󼸺һı־Ҳû뵽һξȻһˡ
ʹǿռ䴩ΣҪӳĻһ㡣𲻻󲽿²һѡ
سɴ磬ͨʲôǿͨڽ𲻻ʩչȴһЩͨ
һʹǺ͵Ŀռ䴩ҲǺѷɫ֮Ĳǵû󣬷һС
֮жһĴڣҪڽ𲻻ֵ˿ɲô׵ġ
ৣ˫һʱǧסĵ·
Сƣһ֮оȻٳһ·
𲻻ΪһѾ޼᲻ݵӵ˼£κζǰһƿ


920 ط
𲻻ΪһΪҪССɹȥһӶݻһߺͽ𲻻졣
Сţ£Էһ·𲻻һ
ţƤȻý𲻻㶼ˣţƤôֵǮЦЦ
ʱĽ𲻻ҲЩΣһóռ䴩󲻼٣Ҳûôİɡ
𲻻ʶǿ߲٣صĶмǼʹصǿڿռ䴩֮ƺҲȲǰɶصСӡ
͵Ŀռ䴩󲻽ǾԶٶȿ죬һģ𲻻Ҳƴǿ͵ĽŲ
˵֮ľǱ˲٣Ҳֻǽ𲻻һʱıˣҪý𲻻һֱٶȵĻ
䣡Ȼ䣬һʹ˽𲻻ϡ
Ϊһ壬𲻻ȻҲǾģ˵Ȳͣκβġ
ý𲻻ľǰһ鱦֮ţųӵ޾֮š
һȻǲǵġ
һĺӿ˵޷Խ𲻻ʲô˺ȴ̶ȵ˽𲻻ƶٶȣʱ䣬;Ѿ˦˽𲻻ǧ
𲻻һХڸոʧȥ͵Ϣ
ǿҪԼϢĻżǧǽ𲻻Ҳ޷ҳ
ǿߵѹ֮еͳ˿
Ӽ𲻻ʼһֱӶݣûκҪͽ𲻻˼
ɶغ֮Ĳ̫͸ûԿ
һεõţƤҲһջˡ
ʱûʲôҪõţƤĵطһǿţƤҲΪţƤϡаˣֺöʹԼòҲ䵽˵ɷԼõҲţƤΪ˶ԸĹߡ
ͽ𲻻һ׷ϣ;һʵĹ˲١
º;һĹҲֻ֮ңˣ͵ٶ˲ɵ
ֻȴûôһĹΧѾʬҰЩʬҲǧʷˣеһͻΪһѹǷۡ
Щ¾ɵʬ֮лһЩʵĺǣʱҲᳬһꡣ
ʱһ֮ڣЩʬǵȻǲԶһν̫Żʿ
ǿĶء͸մһߺǣһɫĶ˲͵塣
ͶԶżǿĵֿⶾδɢ֮ǰѾ׽ˡ
ڼǿĶ֮¡üͷһ壬϶ǿĶأ֪ⶾǶôǿˡ
飡͵̧ͷһīɫĶֱ˶
ˮ棡ͼæˮ档
ôܣɫ䣬ˮ澹ȻһɫĶѹˡ
ˮѾºľ綾ˣ͵ˮ䶾ԸԶˮôܻᱻѹ
ҿϽˮԽǿ󣬲ҲǵֵסһŶˡ
֮оȻǿĶ˫һ飬һɫĹ˳ȥ
䣡ɫĻ˲䱬ڣһɫĶɢˡ
˵ɢɫĶȴһҲ˲ԼѾ˽۷ˣҲɢⶾˡ
㣡ͻȻ͵ĺëˣȻǴġ
ᣡ彣ʱɢ
ôòַʽкңһЦ͵Ļ彣·ʲôȻȫˡ
;ɲĿ֪ԼŮӡ
Ůһɴֻϴһߡ
࣬࣡۾һͻŮӵؿȻǿһΪϤԲ
ϳˣŮ֮дһ˿ϲ
ҹͳŮӵؿڹ˹ָ
࣬࣡һѩ׵Բ˳ҧ͵ָı
嶾ޣƳСһԼ첻ʶ̫ˡ
ֶ֮鴫ôʱ⣬ѾصǿˡҲǾ̾ѡ
ڷ֮ʱȻ˵ֶ֮Ĳֶ֮ʿһ¶ҪôǱ·ʿϽɱҪô޷ƵĶ֮¡
ȴΪƵ嶾ޣܹѹڵĶأҽֶ֮ٶһǧﶼݡ
Ҳ㲻Ҳɶ𣿡꾵һЦ
ȴҡҡͷ֮ж˼ˣʵʵʱԶԶ
ټϸֵҩĸͲ˽Ϊȣٶ൱ˡ
ĶʵǾˣЩֶΣ¸ովҪˡЦЦ
ڷ֮ʱز¶ҾͲûʲôѹ׵ֶΡȻ˵ġ
˵ˣΪʲôΧʵȫȥɡɫһ䣬һ˵
Ѿصǿ߸ռˣ֮ǰȥǱǸ˳ҡҡͷ
˵⣬ġ
أһһ꾾ȻԱƺûгʲô꾵ʵƺĻҪǿϲ١
ء˭üͷһ壬еصǿ߶ĻôҪĹ֮еĶɾЩ鷳ˡ
ʶĲ࣬һ֮У˽ˮûе֮⣬ˣһҲˣһҲˣ壬壬׻壬һ塭
˵һѣصǿҲʮˡ
ѹһҲԭǾۼĹΧ
˵Խ࣬;ԽǾȣȻôǿߣ꾵ôųģһ˸һƿҲԺ˰ɡ
߳İֲҴҡ꾷˷ۡ
ҵһ㡣ͿЦһ
꾵ΪѾǴﵽصľ磬ֶ֮嶼ûдﵽľ硣
Щֻкҵֶ֮Щ߸ϵǿ߻᲻мһˣʹڶرҲûжٵв
Ѿصľ磬˭Ҳֶ֪֮屬ʲôĺ
δ֪ĶԶµģԼʹصǿҲҶô
ûȤһѣͻȻЦ
˵գôҲǺˬ죬ڷ֮ʱǷͲٵ飬ʵˣҲˡ
ĶвЩصǿߣǽĹ֮С˵
꾵˵ͷѣֻаձɶصǿߣʵ
İɣҿɲȥЦ
Ҳǣ㱣˭꾵˵ͷ
һӣʱ޾İ׹֮ð˴Ķ
һĻҲǵһЩ֮оȻôĶ͸ոçײһһͷȥĻ´ʱҲѾΪЩ֮еһԱ˰ɣӵֶ֮꾵öֱó֮


921 Ѿǣ
꾷·һƽһ㣬Щ֮пٳһͨȻȽһԶǶ֮ͨС
ҲЩսľģԵĿƺ޺Ķһҵǿ˲ʧȥ
Ȼ֪꾲˺Ȼǿ֣Ȼ̶ַȶⶾ˵Ǽޣȴܹʹһϵİο
ҵĶôֲ𣿡̲סЦ
ȷǺֲܿͺĵ˵ͷ
ħ֮ʵǿĿв٣ܹڶȵģһûУֶ֮öһ֮ǿӵž޽еƵġ
ԲϷĶҲ֪жʿɥⶾ֮С
ĶǾףħ֮ö֮ǵһˡЦ
꾵һЦǿΣѾһѶûˣǶηңңΪһ֮ˣκοҵ˶ڷ
óĵĿɬ˵Ѿ嶾ްѹڵĶأֶ֮ħʿ֮Ϊⶾر
ڵĶصǿ˶һˣǧ־綾ۼ꾵ڣ꾲ͷųѾǻʵľ綾ʵ΢Сʿ壬˲ͻʧȥ
꾷֮ҲɣҲѣһж֮ʱΪ˻ҽ
ֶ֮ɽ٣ܵʵĴڣµٵԶԶ꾵һʱ֮޷ѹסڵĶأֲĶʱɢ£ȫⶾ֮С
ָʶ꾿ŻΪһƬ֮׾ˣֶ֮κ˵һѣҪ룬е˶Ϊ
Ҳһεľ꾳׶Ͼĳ뷨һ˾Ͳʹ࣬ۿԼȥʹҲ볢Եڶˡ
Ͳ֪֮꾻йľֶ֮ʿעˣעҪ¼һ
ǰһͷ·ûжвֻҪҵ֮ͨоûκε⡣ȻѾǵһνˣΧһжϤ
Ȼںȴ˿Ĵ⣬ǵۼһͷ޵֮󣬸ȷԼ뷨
̫޾ӤҲǰľ
Ÿͷ­ȫԡˮ֮УǴ˵֮е̫޾Ӥ
ӤȻΧֹȴ˿Ҵⶾ
Ӥܴ̫֮ʱ񣬽һ֤ӤĲӤʵ²һصǿߣǼʹ˻ǶⶾɵѣӦ֮ǰԹⶾĿ
ӤҲǲҵĶʴ֮Ȼǳ˹꾺˵·ӤܹŹҲֻһƽˡ
һĹΧȻвٵ̫פţЩ̫ʵǿصǿ֮¡
ֻҪ꾵Ķ֮ͨУͻᰲȻ
һĹΣճ̶ȻǳԤƣĪ˵ĹڲʲôΣգЩ̫޾һ鷳ʵҪԸһͷǼΪļѣһ·Ѿ˲ͷˣЩ̫һӵϵĻ͵³ֻһЩ̫˺Ƭ
ˣѲΪκβɢĶһ嵱λ峤¶˷ŭ飬˿Щɫ
һξȻһ˹峤ʱŭ⵱̫ˡ
ҲһȻصǿ߲ܽĵش
ͬȼǿ߽ǲ̫뷨һػһɶؾ͸ҽʵ̫ˡ
޻аޣû뵽Ϳ˲Զˡ
һΪΣһЩŮҪȴվһΪªӣһ޷ݵĳªվһγĶԱȣֻҪɵӾ֪˾һ֮е޺Ͱ޵峤
ȥ֮⣬һ֮Ϊǿˡ
ɰء;Щ˼飬ɰذ˾ȻɰصĴڣսƺŵǿߣɰأħ֮Щˣ
֮£һĻѷɫһЩصΪȻҲǲǺɰص峤Ȼǲ˲١
㣬㣬һηŹ㣬һ·峤һ
һЦҪôһڳ˶ᡣ
ɫһ䣬Ȼ֪꾵һвȴò棬Ϊ
꾵ֶ֮һﱬôĹΧһ鶼Ӳ
ʦ벻һʦҲ̫Żꡣһɽ͡
ΪʷʦĻʹɽܹϳͲʲôϡ顣
ֻɽһ仰ȴǻл
֪֮һȻ֮ԻھΪʼձκս֮Уκһͬʡ
Ϊ֮ʦһһѾԴ
һ͵Ľ룬ǷҲζŵҲ׼һεᡣ
˵ѾģЩɰصǿ߲ŲΪôߣһ漰̫ʥĴ£Ҳ˵֮С
һֻǴˣ͵ûκεĹϵҲͷ࣬Ȼ˼ΪޣȻܹ
˵ͻûȥأҩʦΪһ֤֮⣬͵ûжĹϵ
Ŷ˵ĻʦƺǺˣ峤Цһ
˵ǻڣֻǴҺѣѽˡЦЦ
ѣƭɡһ
ֶ֮Ҳͱ֪ˣֶ֮ǶôֲĴǺĴڻ𣬿ֶ֮ѶѾԼˡ
˵Լѵʱڳǿ֮ûһŵġ
ǿҲǿֶ֮Ϊסǰˡ
̲סԼߣѾ̫ûˣΪһӶˡ
ѣǣ𣿡ЦһЦݸһĸо
꾵ֶ֮ѾǴˣȻǲ֪֮ôִɵֶ֮壬һɵֶ֮壬ͨ嶼Ǿ綾ʹɾǿҲҴ
Ҳ꾵Ŀֲڣںط֮꾶ıܿ͵壬ʹʧȥ
ǲֻҪ֤Ѿӵ˽Ĺʸ񣿡͵һЦ
ȻʦʦݣȻʸ񡣡ɽ˵ͷ
ǺãǣֶѣкβɣЦ
ž͵Ķܿ죬ڻ˵ͬһʱ꾵֡
һҪѣȴץĽģ޷ѣ


922 ͨʯ
Ҳû뵽ͻ˵Ĺϣһץ֮
ֶ֮壬ɲô򵥾ܴģʹѾסڵĶأȻãʹɾǿҲ޷־綾
ôܹң꾼Ķ޳ˡ
ǣְˣˡɿ꾵֣Ѿ綾ʴĺɫ
Ѿշ˽۷׵ͣȻܸоȣϵľ綾ȻͨĶ
飡һһɽɫĻ˲佫ɫѹȥ
ʱϢ˰ʱڽ۷׵֮²ڵĶء
ˣ´㲻Ҫôçײˣҵá꾿ûҲǳһ
Ȼûüͷһ塣
ʹҲܸܵڴ꾵ʱŶô޴ʹ࣬޵ĺɫ綾ʹǿҲǵľһɶصʿȻ
ʦֶ֮嶼ֵܵɽ˵
Ƕϵǿߣ˵Ȼ㻰Ѿж֤ԼҲ
ﲻһĹΧˣĺöĹ֮еģʱܵõʲôɾҪԵıˡ
꾵ĻɵϾֶ֮Ŀֲǻ֪ġ
ͲһɶصʿֶһɶصʿȫӰ첻˴֡
ͺһеĵطΧĲ˼ơ
һĹӦþ̫ŻĺˡͿŰ֮Ĺ
֮ǰֵЩĹѨͬһĹǸ߳˵صףΧػһ۾ܿĲ
̫ʥͻȻʧһδ֮գһĹܹ֮ṩһЩɡ꾿һĹЩ
ǰǿ߾֯Ĺ֮У죬Ǿͱˡ꾱ȵ֪ҲҪͶ١
жˣüͷһ塣
ʮ˰ɣ˵һ档꾵ɫҲЩء
˵˺ûκεĹϵǸҳﲢʸһĹ֮еģϵǿߡ
ʮϵǿߣһɨ粻˵ܹǵĿҲֻЩɾصľϹˡ
ʮֽ뻹֧Ų죬һһˣһĹ֮еʲôĴڣֵز
ǰѾһʿˣҲҪˡǸͨĶڣҲǵǡ
ǵһĹʿ֮һһεľעҪΪһ޷ǵĿֲ
ҲֻʿŻ֪Ĺ֮ежôĿֲ
ӣӣȻĹ֮д˾ŵ
Ӧˡεҡҡͷ
ǸĻһοȻҪϼˡ
飡ȻĹ֮дһ죬һһĶ˳
δҲ̫˰ɡͿһ⣬Ǳֱġ
ಣ
һʮӰɳЩϸˣѾΪһ⽴ʿЩˣ˭ұ֤һͲˡ
ȥаֻҪǹﵲ·Ǹ͹ȥľľüͷ
ѾˣÿһζǱǹ˻˵ûʲôͨǼӲޱȣ鱦Ҳֻܲ˿ǰˣ˲
һܽһصǿ߻
Ǵﵽ˵ѪľҲѲˣѪǿҲҪظʱ䣬һǾظʱ䶼ûС
һ⽴һһϣ۷壬Ѿﵽ˵Ѫľ磬ڰʮ˴֮󣬻ǳˡ
һ屾Էͬȼʿ֮кʿܹǵķ
һͷľ޴֮ʱһļ׿ǾʹͬһŰֽһʹˡ
һ嶼ˣ֮пҲûʲô˵Լʹǿһˡ
Ҫͱһͷˡεҡҡͷ
ǰҲԹܿһͷǼҪڲһͷصͨΨһڣҪܿԵòˡ
һͷʵǿѾǶǿˣȴҲ˵ɱɱΪѾʧصǿߡ
˵֪ǿ󣬵ЩǿȴҲԸȥǷεĽ֮ͨУϣܹҵ㣬⿴ƺôɹ
һʿ֮ҲԼʶģ㲻ʶΪҲֻйһ֮Եˡ
һ嵱峤
峤һöֹѪܹϵơֱóһöƷн׵˵ҩ
л͵˵ͷӹҩһȥ
ڸʿҲֻĽƷн׵ҩҲУȴ᲻óʹá
أﲢûп
û̫ΣգΪԽ뵽ҡҡͷ
صǿﶼıո̤ɾʿĻļǾųϣԸǽΧ
ǰʲôǵʵλ䵽Ǳľأ̲סʵ
˵˵Цҡҡͷ
黹˵ǰǰ㻨ʱͲŸ֮ͨеΣա
ֻؾͲ˵ˣʵ΢һģһضȥ
ȥĶϵǿߣȻ࣬ҲֻǸһЩ鷳ˣ鷳ûΣա
ҪľһͷʯĹˡ
֮ͨеʿҲֻΪһʯҲûйע⡣
ǵҪԽͨʱʯͻȻ˹˵еĴ󴸾ͽ׻ĳϸŪˡ
֮Ҳʯν֣֮ͨĸ޷ʯκε˺Ҽʹ鱦ҵ鱦Ҳ޷ʯ˺ҲǻѷˣҪɱǲˡ
һʱǼܹõķˣʯ
ʯǵ󣿡۾ʱˡ
Ǵ֮⣬ǻûмʹñ֮ͨġ˵ͷΪҪôʡ
ǾҪһˡ΢΢һЦ㣬ʱΪһâ֮ͨС
һ㶣ͨɲôôģֻضԸһɶصС˵Ǻġ
һļ֦ײ͵֮Ϸ졣
ǴƼ״͸鱦ķҲǰľǽͨôĻء
鱦ˣ⴩ƼȻǻκβ͡
䣡һӰ˻棬ǰһ˫־һ޴ʯ


923 
һʯӦþЩصǿ߳Կǹˡ
ֻôһʯ񶼲ǻôģǶһʯҲûʲôرġ
һһ߽ʯҲᵽɤˣ²ȷĻһʯпܾ͹ϵ
䣡͵һʯƽʱʯ͵۾̹ĶסֻͣҪ͸ҿȥһʯԻ֡
˵ģһޣʯͻ֡һ
ҾҪ֡ͺһһö֮󣬿һ
飡׼ͣڿһͬʱѾȭȫһȭ
ǹѵ͵ұۺʯľ޴ײһ𣬽ȻͳԿһһ
ֱۣĹƣʯ֮ǿԶԶͣʯѾԶԶСӡ
ȴû˿Ŀ־壬˷ܣҵˣܹƽǵķ
ȴ̫Σգʹ⹦Ĵʼ˿Ҳûȡַɡ
ʵƽĵĲһƿҪϼѣʹīЩͳҲǿĲ֮ϡ
Ϊʵ̫ѡ
ƽ˵ģҪ͵ͱסΪǿĳ
⡶ƽصķ޾ǿ֮ѰҸƶǣֵסǵĳ
ò˵һޱȷ뷨סǵĳҪѾߵĵز
弸λȴǰⷽˣҲסǣ⡶ƽλۣ˵ΪҪԲһЩǿ֮ȴǳ˾󲿷صǿߡ
䣡һһֱǽ͵ȫĹⶼ˷ĩ
ʯ޴²κһǳɵ˺ͲǱʯˣѾֲּסơ
ʹǰաƽصķתЩȻǶ͵˲Сĸ
࣡͵һθԭֻɫ԰˲١
䣡һһֱǱɣ徹Ȼڿзɢ
ˣʶȻʼģˣʹһ
ѾǴﵽ˵Ѫľ磬ֻǱʯ˼ȻٱıԵˡ
Ͳٶ֮˲ѡ
ȿȿȡ
ֻĹ֮һһͷԵ˵ϡ
㡭ôˡ꾱ȫѪģһƫƫֲ͡
û¡ֻǱ˼¡ҡҡͷæӴָ֮ͳŵҩȥϢһ֮ɫźÿࡣ
ǿĳҾǧ嶼޷ס̲ס̾һ
һͷʯʱͲ֪ʲôһʮᣬƾкֶΣһͽֶͳͳ߽⡣
һҲȫûջ񣡡ͨӿԼ΢΢ŽɫâĹ
ұ۵ĹѾһɫİ¡
ʯĳͲתһңǶԡƽĴٽȴһ󲽣ȥȥҼʯĻġƽͿڴˡ
ɵĲƽ֪ܷһʯӲӲһ͵ǺȤ
ȻųˣһԵĸҲЩȡ
һͷʯʵǶʮֲǿӳǺȵĺεȰһ˾ܶԿһʯ
Ϣ֮һν֮ͨС
һһյĹȻȻǲֻ˳Ǳ֮һκ޻֮ѾǺöˡ
ÿ죬ͶͨһΣ֮ͨеʱҲǴһյĹչһ㣬ʱ
֮ͨʱԽܵĳҲԽǿƽٶҲԽԽ졣
֮ȫĹѾ˽Ӳӵģ·ôһ㡣
תƽ£͵ƤҲɽɫǽƽ˴ɾı֡
һͨɣһöĹҲ͵ڡ
֮ھͽƽɾ磬һλ۶
߰ɣͿһۡ
ߣȥһ㶡
һĹѾܹԸһʯˡ͵һЦ
ʲô㡭һ
һʯжôֲ֪ģصǿ߶һʯöӵģһɶصʿôôŵġ
ߣǵע⡣ͿΧʿһۣЩʿ֪Ļⲻһ鷳
꾵˵ͷĬĬĸ͵󣬽֮ͨС
ֻǿһۣûʲôжѾϰΪˣÿ춼֮ͨеģȥҲûʲôϡġ
Ҳֻƶˣû뵽ĵطȥ
һͷʯϵĶ𲻵ʲôˣҲֻԼ֡
䣡һǰһȭһͷʯɡ
Ӳ˦˦Լ֡
ʯ֪ʹֻ֪Ѿ˽磬ôͱˡ
һ廹Ҫ߳ٵľ޴һ֮жѾ֪ٴˡ
䣡ȴǲܣȭ׼Ӳһ
ߵһʱҲĳһ͵ܶĻġ
һΣ
꣡ͬһѵͽµʯ壡
סˣ;ȻƾԼӲһһ־صǿ߶޷
飡һȭ봸ĺȻǲ¡
ƽ֮͵Ѿһʵĸı䣬һλҲԶԶ޷ˡ
ʹͬһֹĽȴżĲ࣬ͬǡƽĵ㣬͵ȴǱǿ
䣡ڣѹʯʯȻˡ
͸ǵˣȭͷͬһ£ͲʯκζܵĻᡣ
һԹսҲѾǰһиˣʿ޲ߵʯȻڱͱ
䣡һǷߣֱӽʯǶǽ֮С
أ˳Ʋ˵ڵϵľ޴޴ȴԶԶ͵Ԥϣ͵ȻҲֻǿܹɻӶˡ
ѹ˳أԭ޴֮ϸ󣡡Ϳž޴֮ϵķŷӦ
䣡һʯ֮ϣȻû顣
һʯȻû顣
䣡
䣡
䣡
شţĹΪ޴ĳʼζ
ôˣôˡ淢ʲô飿ʱĹʿ͵վ
һӲͷһʮ£ͶʼˣһʯӲûֻڱ˼Ѻ۰ˡ
޴ս֮ͺ꾱ʧͨľͷ


924 ̫ʥĴ
ܣⲻܣȽͨ˱ǽ֮еʯ
ʯǽǽ֮еʵ̫ǿһʱ֮侹Ȼ޷ѳ
ʯһѺۺܺõ˵ǰǾһսģԷȻûлһʯ񣬵ȴѹһʯ񣬲ͨһͨ
ܣƾǸСӣҡҡͷɰصǿ߶鷳ʯһɶصСӾܶԸˣδҲ̫˰ɡ
ǰһĻǲòţǱһɶصСӸƭˣ
׷Ĺ֮еĶСӵһ
ɵӶ֪̫Ż֮мֵľǰһĹˣһȺϵǿﻹһɶصʿȵǣ鴫ȥĻǸɴĨˡ
ҿȴͨͶĳ嶯ˡ
ΪһʯѾǲˣ˭֪ͨȻʯ
ΨһЩҵǣʯ񲢲֮ǰһǰǿҲ൱һɶصʿҲûộȥϾͿԱˡ
ֻû뵽ӽ֮еĴӾȻôã渽ȻأһȥȴҲǱӴʮ˵ĸоͦˬġ
֮ͨоͿԿһ澰ˣһСһѱ廹Ҫ屶ĴӣһȺĸߴʯõҷɡ
졣һӽһʯ̲֮סüͷ
Ѿжʮڼ￿ٹʱͿԸϵˡ
꾣Ŷ͵ͺһ
ģ֤ǹ꾵˵ͷʮϸָͣĶţһɫĶ˲ͨ
ȥʹһӣʱһ쫷紵Щͨһӿȥ
ãǶǰ־ŭ
϶Ǹֶ֮ɵģϷҪң
Ȼô˵ȴⶾһΣȥ
ڶӣЩǿߵٶ
Щֻһʱصǿߣ϶ǻʲôƵġ
˵ǿߵٶȣ͵ȴҲǲù֮ͨеʯԽԽ࣬ѾһЩԶʯһ˸˳ìҲ˲ٵ鷳
ЩʯڿܣڲûʲôԴҲûڻʯĴڡ
ΨһЩرľķģһҲʶķģӦ̫ʥеķģЩЩʯӵж
֮ǰһʯ˾ΪķıŪһ֣𻵣жҲǴ
̫ʥ徹ȻƷţҲǰ̾һǿ壬ôͻȻʧء
СӣæͰСӸ˳
ֱӰһѴӽСʹãͻ˾׻ʽһʱ֮ͨڵĿܶâˣȴ޷١
Сӵ˵еĴ󴸣ȻҪ࣬ĵ˵ͷһһκε·ǰʯ񶼻ᱻһɡ
磬СôһɶصʿѰĶˣʿ͸⾵͵ıֶ
˺Ȼʧõʣӵ̫ʥѪӵȻƣ׾ٵĽĹ֮УһĹ֮ʯĿȨ
ȻĹ֮е֮ͨ࣬λôʯڵһ֮ͨأ
ԭһʯʯ֮Ϊǿģ֮ͨоصǿҲռʲôˣ֮ǰܵסôǿߡ
㲻㣬ǲ뵽͵ȻǿزȻԺʯӲӲӮˡ
һʯ޷ˣôЩΪСʯȻҲ޷ˣֻ
ʱ㹻ˣֻҪں̫ʥĴУϵҲûκǵĶ֣ɫصĿһڵϵ˻ʡ
̫ʥĴзͬСɣһںϳɹǱ̫ʥ壬̫ʥͳʱڵ۷ʵһγ֮УʱһҲòӡ
޺޺ޣʲɣ
ͻȻǽϿһд֣ƺóȥģм⾪ˣ͵ΪȻЩʧ
һֵΪɲ⡣
ɱɱɱɱһУ
ɡɣ
ԽͨߣֵĿ־Խ࣬Щǹڳ֮£ƺһʿΪ޷ͻƣΪޱȵķŭ
ɣɱԳɣ
ԽԽ⣬ɱ˺ͳôйϵ
Խǵ̳־Խʲݣƺ˵ľ״̬ҲҪıԵˡ
ңͨ죬ضҪɣ
Ϳһγĵ֣һЩҵĿ̺ۣһЩķˡ
Ҳ֪һĹˣͨ죡
𣡡ͻȻͨľͷһХ
ɹˣܳɹˣ¶һ˿Ц⡣
̫ʥĴУ̫ʥĴڵˣ
˻͵۾ӴԺһ֮е
ܣΪ
ɰ۷壬ܹһЩĻɾز⣡˻Ŀ¶⡣
ɾذ֮гЩʧ֮еĳϹ֮⣬˭ܹﵽɾصľġ
̫ʥǿͨ죬δɵĳ֮·ɰɡ˻Цˡ
˻õĴкȻͨĴУ̫ʥǿߣΪ˳̤һ·ֻΪɽ𹦿һĳ֮·ʹսᡣ
µĴȴǱ˻ãҵõĳ֮˻ģ֮Ȼܹɡ
ʹɵĴ˵ľ޴󣬵Ƕ˻˵ֻҪܹɣôһеĴ۶⣬ǰͨҲģȴҲ̤һ·
ɵջ֮󣬼ʹ֪ǰһ·˻ʻǻԥĿȥͨǰ֮֮·ߵĸƽ̹
߰ɣѾûκεļֵˣ˻ʺһ
˻ʳɹһ֮Ĺϵһ˿΢ı仯Ѿϴˣ˻Ҳٹ˼˵ĸˡ
ֻҪһ˾͹ˣʺ͵ػʶһ࣬һ١
ʵı仯ᵼ̬ı仯˻ʵԶضʣȻҪ˻Ϊˡ
壬˶𣡡΢΢̾˿˵ɾѾˡ
ߣȥȡһͨģŴ֮еļ䣬˻ǽ֮ҵ˰š
˵֮еĻ桪ʥ棡ͨͨ˻ʿǰһȺڰҪڰĻ¶һ˿Цݡ
ǿĻ棬ʥ棬̫ʥȫʢʱںħǧŵǿĻ棬Ϊ棬̫ʥ廹ϰٸ磬ǧС磬ʥҲɴ˶
ʮ֮һ͵Ľ۷֮ϵĻ桪ʥ档


925 
̫ʥΪʥ棬ҲͨµĴ֮мֵĶ
˻ʽĴһһĻ͹ɵĽ˻ʵڡ
֮շ۷׵ʱҲǷѾ˼˶ɥ˻ȡȽ۷׻ҪǿĻ֮ʱȻ˵ɡ
ͨʥ֮һӡǣ⵹Ƿҡ˻ʵһЦ
ͨûпһ֪Լڽǽʥ˳ʥ֮һӡǣֻҪõĴУôͿɵĿʥ档
ɰټʥ棬˻ʵʵ˵Ѿκɰصǿ֮ˣѾԺɾصĳǿ࿹ˡ
ߣһڵĻǰʯ˲ˡ
˻ʡ֮ͨиϹÿһĻ
˻ֻƳһۣܹ뵽塣
ǿϢͷһ˻ʵϢʵ̫ǿˣҸΪҪǣ˻ΧڵĹâȻڵĽ۷׶һ̶ȵѹơ
۷ʮ֮Ļ棬ܹѹƵҲֻһ͵ڶĻˣֻǰֻ̫ˣھ󲿷ֵʿֶֻֻ֪Լ֪ڽ۷ֻ֮ˡ
һ֣üͷһ塣
Ŷϻ𣬵Сˡ˻ʵһЦ
ӵʥ֮˻ʶĻȻûκεȤڵĻǿҲǿõʥġ
ֻ˻Щ棬ڽ̫Ż֮ǰҲһڵʿˣʱҲǼ̣ǴӺδõ𡣡ಣ˻ΧĺڹͻȻ۳һԲֱ͡
ÿ죡ʹ󾪣ٶ̫ˡ
䣡һۼ׶ʱȫһȭ
ͣ
ܣ
һ͵ұڽӴɫ˲侹Ȼʧˣ͵ķӦҲʶɫĿֲ֮˹ȥ
ͽʱյΪ徹Ȼں޵ֿ¾ˣ
ɫĹƺŻһе
ɫҲǼΪѿɵȻһͳһ
ɫҲǼΪ죬ɵ˿ھȻ޷ڵһʱڸԭ
ʹѾﵽ˵Ѫľ磬ұ۵ȴǼΪĻɫ̶ȵұ۵ٶȡ
Ӧʵһ㡣˻ҡҡͷ
˻ʣͲº͵Ϊ𣿡꾵͵ǰ
ͳһɶصʿ֮⣬ͬʱǵ֤ʦԶԶҪһɶصʿзĶࡣ
ŵΪһССʦͱԡ˻Цһ
ʵıӦģ˻ʵĿҲ˲٣ȻѾѵˡ
˻ʺ͵ػһ˿ǵɫ˻ʵõ̫ʥĴʵǲ٣ǻûдﵽܹӵĵز
֮ɰصǿҲҶԵʲôľٶΪǺǲġ
ʦǵ֮أʦ֪οͻǱΪʷʦҪͬ壬һʦ˵Ųɹá
ܡҪȰ˵һ¡
˻ʸͲᣬöɫС˿ռƣֱӳ͵ͷ
ۣЩɫСµ˲ȴ⵽˵ֵϰֶںһ𣬾ȻסɫĹ
Ŷֶ֮壬ټǻ̫Сˣ˻ҲֻǾһ£ֶ֮ˣ̫ʥǰ߹
˻ʣ㲻Ҫ̫ʱͱһ׹࣬һֱȥ
ĵ̶ֳֻȵĻôǿȥˡ˻ʵ˵
۷ףʱҲƴˣָоҲֻн۷ײֵܵסˡ
һĨɫĳ֣Ĺ¶ȶʱٱܹһеĺڽ۷׵֮¾Ȼʧˡ
۷ףһ㶡
ɲ֮ǰõֻǴн۷ϢĻ棬ǻʵĽ۷װʮ֮ǿ棬ֻڴ˵֮еĻ氡
˵˻ʵõһʥ棬ϾǿŴеõģûͨʥ֮һӡǣ˻Ҫշʥûô򵥡
ͣһͨѣεõ۷׵ģΪշģ
ϣ벻ϻֱȤĿͣ۷Ȼʥ棬ȴʥѵϣˣʥӵǿ
ߣ꾾ʹĿռ䡣
ʱ˻ʵǣѾܹԸģʹðű꾵ĶֵΣգҲҪ뿪
°ɡ˻΢΢̾˿һʱ˿ռ͵ĺģĲλһ󶴡
ۣһѪЩѪȴΪһѪһ͵֮С
ಣ͵һλΪһѪ⣬ʧˡ
û˻ҲûжķӦ۷׵õȻǺãǵòҲûжӰ졣
ȿȿȣ˻ʣôʱûм棬ȻѾǿزһɽ֮ϣɫҰףؿڵĴʼ޷ԭ
ټڵĶأ͵ڶûֻ˵漣ˡ
౻ˣͻƾǿ֧š
Ǻܹ죬ҵİٶҲ޷ֵҡҡͷ嶾޷͵ؿڡ
͵˵ͷ̫ʥĴУջ䵽˻ʵ½̫Żʿ֮ǰû뵽ɡ
ʵЩҲû뵽壬֮веȶѣһ֮ڵıǸûнһǿ߶ûе壬ǿǿȥ
ֻһȴǴ۾һĹ֮صľȻ̫ʥĴУһƫƫǱһõˡ
˻֮ǰΪҲ֪ذˣһγǰ˻ٲȻɰأǿֲѹȻͬΪɰصе˾޴ѹ
֮ͬоȻܹ˾޴ѹҲֻһͣ˻ʵʵҪԶԶһλɰصǿߡ
Ҫ˰ɽҡҡͷ
ͻȻðһɰʱпܽɾصǿߣĵλҪȵˣԺƽƽˡ
Ҫıﱻ˻ȡˣڶʿȻвʣȴҲ޿κΡ
һε̫Ż֮Ȼֶܿ飬ıû˵ǻģ̫ʱµģֻҪû𻵵Ķѵõı
̫ʱھڶ֪жˣܹסʱʴıȻǶı
вʿѰ˿鱦ıĽҲǿܣϾ̫Ż겢ûа
ʱһξʮ꣬һɽ֮ϣһһƺɫĹâҲ֮ɢ
ʮꡭʮˣεĿЦһ
ΪǺɵ˺;Ȼ㻨ʮĹǿڵĺ


926 ˻
ʮ֮һʥǶеĻϢܹһС
ǰһ綼п𣬸οһССʿ
ӵн۷ףܹǿֵڽӴһ˲䣬ľͲˣ塣
ʮʱ俴ʵֻһ˲ѡ
û뵽˻ʵʵȻǿֵزһǷĺ¡
ʱѾʩչռεͨѾ֮УȻ׷ٶȱҪ죬˲Ͷࡣ
ͻǺķ˴ľѪʩչѪ֮ſռ䴩˳
ǵʱƬ̵ԥʱҲѾΪ޾֮еĳˡ
̫Ż֮мֵĶѾ˻С̲ס̾˿
̫ʥĴа⻻˭ۺģϧһʽƽ̫ʥĴõ֡
˻ʣΪΪ۵ģԼѾÿտյұۡ
ڸղţ˻ʺԺһ£ȴǳ˵ԤϣˣҰܵĺܳףںͺɫĹǰûκεĵֿұֱӱˡ
Щʿ𾪵ǣϵֱ۾Ȼ޷
һܹΪս񣬾ǿǼΪǿԽսԽµЩ˻ʵǰȻǲһֻһаˣûս֮
žЩʿû뵽ǣȥʱ䣬ͳˡ
һɰأѾﵽ˵Ѫǿ߾Ȼôˣ˻ʽǳһаˡ
˻ʣңѽѡ
һͰһͬΪһ壬ǶĺѣȻĿԼĺԼǰȥʬ޴棬βŭ
˷ŭǿ־壬ɰصǿ˵
ȥʵڲ֮䣬޷ֵôȻҲ޷ֵ
ܹϵǿ߸е־Ķ࣬˻ȴǲָо˻ʵǰǾԼʱпܲ
ɰض˻һɱˣЩصȻǸڻˡ
һ壬Ҫǳ˻ʺһͻȻɫĹγĳƣȻѹס޷ֻĿɫĹ¡
ɫĹ֮ǰҲʶκζڴɫĹ֮󣬶˲ʲô¡
һֱɫǱ˵Ļ˲ͻʧ
Ѫ⣡ȻԴУ
۵·˻ʺһɫĹֱײѪ⡣
žźڹһûϢ
һ֧峤Ȼ֪һô޴Ӱ졣
һˡ˻ʽĿϡ
һ˻׼ˣֻҪ֮ǰйڵʿ˻һŹ
֮ǰһŻᵼ˽ı硣
ƾ㣿ĪΪõ̫ʥĴо޵ˣЦһ
޵в˵ǶԸ㻹Ǵ´ġ˻ЦЦ
ˣ̫Դˡҡҡͷ
˻ȻûҪ˼˲ɫĹ˹ȥ
򣡡Ųæɫµ˲䣬ſԼֻҪ֮Уͱ˺
ŶȻҵҪƿѾҡҡ׹һۡ
һնһɫĹȻըѣĵʣĸɫҲȫնˡ
ۣնһδջص˲䣬һĨڹ˲䴩͸ࡣ
ʥڱһ׻ˣûκܹ͵
ҷ˻֣֮ǧ͵۾
صķ֮ҲǿˣôˣʹҲޱȵʹ
˻ʣʥ棬̫ʥĴУһ
֪ʥ˼٣ǻЩ֪ģЩһǴϹһˡ
žʿ̫Ż֮еʱǸſռ𵴣һµ߳Ͽա
ˣˡߵһЦ
ߵϹһöСӣ岻ͣĲţö졣
µߺȻԭ֮еôãǰ˷ӡ
ӡˣԶ̫Żüͷһ塣
ӵϵ׶ˡҡҡͷ
ǸϼһܹѷӡܹӡôѾǲˡ˻̾һ
ɰأҪԸǸѾõ˸ӵƺЩѵġ
ڻԵɺ̫֮ʥĶеõӣӵӡʵҪԶǵ
ʱҲǸո̤ɾˣɾ֮Ĳֱ޷ݡ
Ǽʹˣʻǽ˸ӵɹӡȡһֵ
ɾؾɾأʹѹˣȻޱȵǿ󣬾Ȼƾǿʵǿӣһıɹˡ
ƹضڵõ˸ı֮ʵֻˣǵõ̫ʥ崫е˻Ҳòӡ
ǣ˻ʺһ
ڴĳ˻ߣԼ˻ʱ뽻һá
˵˻ʵѾǳϵϣ֮˻ʲ뿪̫Żꡣ
ʱƣԽԽʿʼ½½뿪̫Ż꣬Ҳǰչ涨ÿȡ
ܹ̫Ż֮лųʿջķģҲںһıˣһ࣬ЩǷǳĿֲˡ
Եļһ£پ͵õ˽ǧ
ջ֮⣬˵ڳʿ֮ˡ
ͺҲھرջʱ뿪̫Ż꣬һεĻ֮Ȼûеõʲôıȴǽƽ˴ɾ磬ҸͻƣʽΪɾǿߡ
ϢȴʹΪ𾪣һ֧峤Ȼȫսˣ˻ʻԴһأһ˲ء
Ƴ֮н˴ս֪˶ǳ˻ʵʧܶա
ȴҲܣ˻ʵʥУԪˡ
ɰصľӲɾصȻ˻ǰˣȴҲеʿ֪˻ʵ
˻ʻǰͲסոճȥһ鷳ˡҡҡͷ
˿ͺɳ֮У½ʿɵһˡ
ںܶǰмʿҪͼɳء
ܹ½ʿǱȻǲö˵һһģҲʲôõطЩʿٵܵһЩżԲŻγˡ
ɳ֮дڵǿ߻ôģֻǴﵽɾľһûˡ


927 ɳԹ
꾻һĴһߣ϶ű˿ƳɵףֹЩʿСԼ
ɾ磬ֻҪȥЩ壬ﶼȥá
ȥˣ˻ʵɾصǿܹԸ֮⣬κ˶Ķ֣һͶ⡣
尡һ嵱Ҫˡ¥֮һʿĵ̾˿
̨ҿҲʿһ°ΪҪ̾أ̲סʵ
Ǳ尡ЩʿǺѱǽɵģʿЦһ
ͶԴҲֻЦЦ籾ʿ½ʿìһֱڡ
ʿʵԣʶӹɵģܵõʱͬʱҲܵɡ
λѣҿҲ壬ʵҲ˰ɡʿͻȻ͡
ڡ͵˵ͷͺ꾶ԼΪڵľ硣
ҿҲǷɳǵˣɷȤһȥһɳǵĵԹʿˡ
Թһ㶣һɳǣ֪ɳǵ·ԹĴڡ
ҷɳǵǰһĥ·ɳʿĵط涼ǰĹҩзֻҪܹԹͻӦĽʿ͵
ЦҡҡͷҲǵһμ棬Ѿôǣ
ϲʶҪֻҪʿˡʿЦЦ
ŶԸ꣡ҲȤ˵ɳǵԹ֮еıûʲôȤȥһ»ǲġ
ɳǵĵԹݽʿΪԶĸı䣬ΪԽֵ߳ĶҲԽãɺڵʿлܹ׶εõõıʿҲЩ֮Ҳ㲻ʲôܡ
ҲЩ棺ԹҪȥˡ
ǲ֪ǿ߽лʲôԹˡ뵽
ɳǲûʲôǿߵĴڣͺ꾵ʵȫǿԺɨɳǣҲʿʩչʲôֶΡ
͵ʥǺܴͬʿĻȫܹˣ˵ʿڵķɳˣҲʵ벻һɳ֮лʲôܹ˺꾵ġ
Ȼ룬ôǾȴ֮ˡ͵һЦ
˾ʹˡ²˳٣̽Թ֮Сʿϲ
ʵ£֪λѸմ
λҵ꾣Ц
͸ԼõǼϾʹˣʷʦƺžסˡ
ɳȻֻһЩϢܹ֪ġ
ʵµĴ֮£ͺ꾽˷ɳǵĴ֮УѾۼʮʿ
ЩʿɷڣȻǷ֮ΪҲ龳磬Ǻ徳磬ڶɽپֻˣϵһûС
ʿɳѾǶĴˣȻֳϡ
ˣҲൽˣһԹΪһ꣬ϣܹԹ֮ҵñʿһѣҪÿϽһһƷɾֻнһһƷɾܽԹ
ѹ֣ԭڣҾ֣ɳǻô󷽣޳ĸṩ͵һЦ
һƷɾֶͻòֲεʿһƷɾ벻˷ˣ֮еģɾ֮õǺˡ
ðƷҩһɲԣͿʿ
Ȼԣʿ˵ͷҩֶ˭ҪɾԿڣһʿϼ껹ҵɾģǰƷҩ궼Ƴ
ˣˣɾ渶ɡʵ¼æס͡
ðƷҩ֧ͿˣǿˣʵģȻǳԿһƷɾǳġ
͵˵ͷûƴǣһһƷɾˣֵƴǡ
λúеƣǽ봫ƾ֤ûƣǾͻᱻ֮еĿռ˺Ƭʿÿʿһơ
ƹϵԼЩʿȻҲҴ⣬Ҳֻͺӽ˴ָ֮УССĿռ޷ܵĻɴȥײǽˡ
Ȼڴ֮еȷܹܵһЩ˺ԽһЩɽʿ˺ƬˣǸ
ôᡭⲻܰʵͻȻЩš
ôˣ
ⲻ鼶Թʵ¾ŵĿΧ
ǴڣǴʿԹͻȻʵ¾
ʲô𣿡ʵ
ģǶģʵ¾ֲѡ
ڵʿ˴ڼԹ·һ֮⣬ʵʵ벻Լʲô·ߡ
⣡ͻȻͨһͷ̤ƺдʿڿ
ҲҪҲʵƺѾˡ
εҡҡͷҲ½ʿ־δҲ̫˰ɡ
ԼĪһյĹͨľͷͿһȺʿ׼ȷ˵һȺĿܣһȺֳĿܡ
ӴȶɽڵĿܰЩ档
ľ棬ɳǵСĿõģԹ֮ȴʮ߿ȶɽʿĿܡ
ಣ
ʱ£ЩܵȻģһ߿ܿһ֮ϰ֧Ҵ͸ˣɱɽʿҲʲôܵ顣
ֻЩ˵ɱˣʸûС
ˢһʱʮͷܵԴͺǵּˡ
䣡һЩܵʱըƬ
Ƶֲַܴڣʵǿʿܸɵˡ͸Щۡ
ʲôȫˣɳ֮һʿ󾪡
ǵģȫˣûκ޸Ŀܣ
˳ףɳʷҲΰ
ǶȤζһͨľͷһӲӵı䣬װ˼ƿƷҩˡ
⡭⡭⡭ʵ¼ֱԼġ
ʮͷܾȻ˲ͱˣ
ʲô˰ʵ¿ЦһǼƿƷҩȴǲҿڡ
˵ƷҩǺġ
ˣ㶼߰ɡͿ˼֮ЩǺͨİƷҩҩԶʧ˲ˣ֮ڵǼСһ¶ˡ
лǰлǰʵϲ̵⼸ƿҩ
Ҹʵ̫ͻȻˣոջΪǱˣǾôһ˲䣬ǵûõô൤ҩ뿪Ҳֵˡ
ʵ˵ʲôҲ뿪ˣɵӶóʿ򵥣ҶһĶۣõԶԶҪԼһ˴Ҫࡣ
Ƿɳǵǰ˼ȻŪ̡Ϳһ䣬Щնɱʮͷ֮Ƕõġ


928 
Щ֮еĶҲһЩ鱦мƿƷϽ׵ĵҩˣһЩ֮ͨġ
Ϳϲζʵ¿ϣЩ߲ܡ
ҲûһʼֺˣɳµԹͺѪǲģֻǺѪȲ˲֪ٱԶԶûѪܹ̼ʿǱĹЧ
ɳǵԹ֮УʿҪľͽǴЩػűĿܻߺ޾Ϳˣûʲôرġ
Թкܶ·Ͳûпȥѡһֻ߶
ⱦ֮еĶҲֻҡҡͷԵģⶫȻʵµ
Թ˵ŵʱһ֮ãǶ˵һʱ䶼̫ˣֻʱʱ߳Թ˳㽫һ·ϵı䶼ɨһ飬Ӳûзһ۵ı
һηɳǵʧʹˣʵȡߵıļֵѾԶԶһһƷɾļֵ
ǰһζǿ㣬Ҳܵõ˶ıʵҲǼѡ
ҡҡͷҲֻ뿴ɳǵԹʲôرˡ
ǡ߳ԹͻȻһϤıӰ
ôɳǵģһ㶡
꾣ȥסĵطһһȥġ֧꾣ĵĸӰ
Ͷ˽⣬鷢
ɳǺ֮ƺҲûʲôϵɣһɳƺò
ˡ
ţˣɳǵϼһûͬ⽻üͷһεЩ֡
ڵõ̫ʥĴ֮˻Ҳս壬һֱҪһµʱڵõɳеĻԪˮ
ֻɳӵлԪˮҲһ԰ˣ˭û֤ʵ
⼸ڤȺ̽ɳǶһˣǾûзֻԪˮĴڣҷɳǵļϼһҲûгϷɳӵлԪˮ
һʱ䣬ڤ粻Ļͳ˷ɳǡһ
Ԫˮ˻ҪԪˮʲôЩ⡣
ԪˮܺƺҲûʲôðɣҩ֮лõͻԪˮ֮⣬ͻû˵Ԫˮʲô;ġ
ѵǡͻȻЦˡ
Ȼ˻ʶԪˮôĻô;͸õˣܹԼʹԼֶ֣Ϊأ
˭ͻȻһһöֱӷ˹
ͺһʳָһֱӽһ뵯˻ȥ
һһΣһֱӷɳ
Ȱ㲻Ҫȡ衣˫һ̤һʱ˽¡
㡭㾹Ȼû͵ʱҲһ
Ǻģ̫Ż֮Ⱥ˻ʷϵֱۺࡣ
˻ʵʥҲ֪ģɰصǿ߶޷ֵɾصİǼɵѣܵشûܹġ
˻ǿҪɱͻǲôһġһЦ
Ҳ壬Ϊβ˻£Ϊ翪ٳһҵһ
ڱµҿûȤ˻ΪԼԼͽܶݺһҿɲҡͳĿ
Ǿû̸ˣüͷһ塣
ҺǱûʲô̸ġʼ
ôͰ°ɡ
ܿ죬ͷ֣ԼʵѾȫˣԼĳȻ޷ͷֺ
һصʿȻһɶصʿδҲ̫˰ɡ
˵㲻Ҫȡ裬㻹ΪǵǸ𣿡ͺһֱеĳ
ѵһ֪ĳѽ鱦ĳȻӦϡ
ܣʵôܽô죿޷š
֮ǰͻֻһɱϣŹȥ꣬;ȻѾɳֵز͵Ķˡ
˻ʣңͻȻһ
䣡ڹͻȻ١
˻ɫЩѿ
ûô·˻ʺһһ͵ĺڹֱϯɳǣ˻ʾȻ׼ɳǶһˡ
ȴЦһڵɻʹ˻㻹ǲ㱾˵ĻһͷܣһΪܹδҲ̫ˡ
û˱ܣ׻ʽӦ
ָģâ䣬ֲװ⽣â̴εĺڹ⡣
۷Ҳҵʥ棬ǲ֪˻һ
ԽǿĻ淴֮Խǿ˻ҾͲֶܼã˿Ϊ
˻ܹշʥ濿ľǵͨʥ֮µһӡǣƽջã˻ʺһսشڵʥҲʼɡ
˻ʹȻƾԼɰصΪѹסʥķɣܵĴڶʱ֮ȴǲܸԭˣŻȡԪˮ
ΪԪˮҪһñǿƻ棡
֪̫ˣ˻ʺһ
̫ˣ˾ͺúţȻĵĳѰҩֱǲ֪һĳһźɫĹɢ
˻ֻһ٣ʵԶԶ籾壬ҲصӣƾʥȴȻѹסֻͣҪڶʱ֮Ȼǲܵġ
Ҳ˵˻Ѿڵʥ淴ɣٳʱĵʥĻֻʥķɱøӵǿ󣬵ʱ˻ʵĴͻΣˡ
ߣ˻ʿ
˵ͷ֪֮ѾΪ˻ʵһʱ䶼޷ͣǴ˿ٲ뿪Ļпܾͻˡ
˻ʣͱˣҳԶˣһѾſᦡ
ħСӻȻַ˻ʺһʱڹⱬѣǧ򶼹̼ɢ
ɲ˵ġЦһ׻ʽһ˦ʱ⵲סɫĹ
֮꣡Ĵ֡
룬֮Ҳң˻ŭˣޱȵ̫ʥ壬ô˵Լ
ɣһն
죬ޱȿһ쵽˻ʶ޷ĵز
ͣһֱն˻ʵᦵĹ͵˻ʻڵʥ棬Ѿ˽ȥ
һԶڰ֮˻͵һھѪ
ڵʥķɱøӵǿˣ
ͣضὫʬΣ˻ŭһ
ʥ棬˻ھȻʥ棬ѹֻҵĽ۷ѹơҲ̾һ
ǺɫĹȻʥɵģѹһһе
˻ʱͻһϼˣʱ֮ûа취鷳ġ
֮г˻֮ͻ˭ʹˣҲܹˡ


929 
֪ǰٷɳǣҵʧԶӭڵʿǫ˵
ͺ˻֮սѾɳǣǿϹҲó͵ʵɾġ
͵˵ͷλǷɳµģ
ǷɳǶһλϷĵӣҲǵķɳǳԲɣʿ˵
ɳǶʯ졣
˵ΪһǴڣһǴ˺ڣɳ֮Ҳǿˡ
ɳǵĸͱܹزҲǲˡ
ǻǲϷŹǰʯһ
֮ǰǾͱڤвҪǽԪˮ
ǱĶĻɳǻίȫȥ֤Լƽ
ǻԪˮ¹طɳǵ˵ʲôύȥġ
ǱΪǶٻ˼ķӦⲻ֪˻ʵõ̫ʥĴѾǽȣһ嶼Ҫ֣ʱ˭һССķɳ˵أ
ǰһҷɳǰм˵
ɳҲڲ˶ˣȰǻǸϿ뿪ɡҡҡͷ
һ˻ʵһҲǾȫˣһܰͱƵ̶ֳȣ˻ʱٻǺεȵĳ
ʹ˻ܵʥķɣʵȻɲ⣬ԶԶĶ֡
˻ƼأôԪˮ͸־ڱصˣûмĹ˻ʱɳǣʱǷɳǵĩˡ
⡭ǺãҷɳǵһҵҪһʯ󾪡
ûκΰ취˻֮ǿѾܶԸˣǳɢɳǰɣȻǶ߲ˡҡҡͷ
к˻Ľ涼Ԥ֮ڣҲûһӦΣһǿ϶ģǾǱ뾡뿪ɳǣһ˻ʵôҲ߲ˡ
ǰ㲻ߡʯҲ֪Ȼ͡
ңͺһεѹֱӽʯ𿪡
ǰĪ֣ǰĪ֣᲻¡ɰѷŻˣǰǰ²˻ʳ֣ɳǾҪʧˡ
ڷɳ˵κξǿ߶һģһغɰûκε
ΪɰػһǶûеֵ
ɳǳڼз֮棬Ϊ½ʿɵһˣɳ֮ӵǱʿ٣ȴȱӦԴԷɳʵҲȥ
ͺһʿЩʲôô᲻ʿҪͺ˻ģΪһɳǲһ
ȴҲ̫ͣһɶصʿԸѾﵽɰص˻ѻʯɡ
ǰһһҪȾȷɳǰҪʲôǶͬġ˵
ԲҡҡͷɳǵûκεĹϵ
ǰֻҪԸְҷɳһѣԸǰΪҧҧ
ʲôûɣǴڰˣȻ˵ҪΪͷ·ʲôЦһ㡣
ǷʯɫޱȵأƺǲڿЦ
٣üͷһ塣
ǾҪǰܹܶˣõĻһصľҲ⡣˵
Ȼһɫͻе㲻ţһССķɳǾȻֱ£ǿߵľ磬ҼȻֶΣΪʲôɳǵڻһ
˻棿
棬ֻҪǰԸְҷɳǣҷɳǱȻسлǰȻ˵
ﵽɾ磬ÿһǳѣһͣʮ궼Ǻġ
Ȼ˻õĳλǿߵĴеĻȷǿڶʱ֮ʵֻĻʵ̫ˣ궼δܷһΡ
ǰʯ¶һ˿ϲɫ
ͲûоܾȻͺջ
һ֮ͷȻһν˷ɳǵĵصԹ
ʲôܹһصľ磿ʵ
ҷɳǳã޾֮ͻƣԵɺ֮µõһԾΪصǿߣҲҷɳʷΨһһɾǿߡ΢΢̾˿
ǳĻɳҲˣһɾǿ߶һжôҪǲԶġ
ƺ̫ãȻ޾֮˿ռ˵ˣҲشȻ˻ڼ˰֮ˡ
֮ǰ޾֮еõıҷԸ˴ﵽɾʿκ˶ʹһ
ʮȥˣɳǻûһ̤ɾ硣
˳ĳֹɣ˵Ĵ֮£Թ֮شмͨػʮ顣
ˣԼĪʱ֮ͱһǰ
ǡɻĿš
ҷɳǳı
˳ŷĿ⣬ƿһš
䣡һޱȺ嫵˲̼͵塣
ǿķͲ˼Ŀųǰӡ
ǿķͻǵһμɾŻӵе
ҲζһӵǰȻһǿߣһǿ֮жġ
ȻµӲӵǿķ
ѣͿˡڷڵһУȻΪ˽⡣
ǷҲ͵ıһ⡣
ڷ֮ӵϵĵλ
ڹλֱǹȥڣδÿһλΪ춯ء
һöӺĳλģɳǵĳ𷨣ΪȻֻôһˣǻҵĻұȻܹĸ࣬ȫĻﵽҲڻ¡뼤˵
ҵĻܹ˻ˡ૵
˻ǿǱʥ淴ɵȻܳʱĶʥȴƵĵ۷׵ټʵǵ룬ס˻ʻܰ쵽ġ
ֻҪܵס˻ʣӵʱԽã˻ҲԽ
ãˣǰѷɳǵ鱨Ҫ֪˻ʵĶ򡣡ӡ
лǰԮ֡ǿһʵΣҲǷɳΨһˡ
͵һЦɳǿɲʲô壬һΪһöӣΪ˻֮䱾гܹ˻ʲĻͻǺġ
ԤҪʱ䣿Ϳ롣
ҲҪǧʱ⣬ϾǷӣҪô򵥵ġɫأҲֻصĹƣгʲôĻҪӵĸá
Ҳ׼Ĳˣһͬʱʱ¥֮УҪͻƵɾ磬ܷס˻ʾͿˡ˵ļ


930 ʵ
ͻɾʱ;Ѿ׼߻ͻƵˡ
Ƿ񣬶֮һ˽۷׵ķҲ׳죬ͬͬԴֻҪܹͻɾӦûʲô⡣
ټϸոյõķͻҲÿܣǷȱҲʱˡ
һ£һ£˻ʱήٷɳǣʱǶ˻ûͻƵĻ;ûκεʤˡ
֮ʱ¥ĴڣֻҪʱٵĿһ㣬Ӧûü
ɳҪһ֮ͱչأ˻ʽ٣Բ
ʼɣ΢΢̾˿
һԼеɾɫǽ֮УһʮѾʱ¥ʱļˡ
һµʱ䣬Ҳֻаǧʱ䣬ǧʱԼܹԼʲô仯
ͣ㾹ȻҺԣôҾҪʬΣ˻Ŀʱȫʥ֣ʥķҲ˼ʹ࣬˻ƾԼΪӲǵֵסʥķɡ
ܣ㲻ǿԼˣʥ̫ǿԼĻԷٵġʺĵȰ
̫ʥ壬һƬϵİʥκβҡ˻ŭţϵĺ汻ѹȥ
ȴûκεϲɫѾˣÿһѹ֮ʥķͻԽӵǿҡ
ھʶʼҡˣ̫Ż̫ʥĴУǷܹԻ͡
ڵȻʢȴоȻֻĻþ˻ʵıʵǣ˻ʰ
Ұµʱ䣬ұܳѹʥ棬ʱ͵ڡ˻ʺһ漴˶Ϊһڹʧ޾֮С
ѻǻ鷳أȻ˻ʶˡ֮УҩʦҲֻǿЦҡҡͷ
֤뵤ģȴһζûн뵤һ鷳ǰ쾹Ȼ˻ʵһڷɳǴ֡
ϢȻסģ˻Ѿվ˷˼֮ϣһжǸעĽ㡣
ħ֮еļλ󹫶ע⵽˻ʣ̫ʱ߳Ƶ̫ʥһʮ֮һʥ档
ϧˣ˻̫嶯ܹһ㣬ΪصĻɻһɡħֶħۺٺһЦ
ɣʱҲˡҹ۹֮УĵѾӸ
˻ʰ£ͳɹˣһ
˻ʷϵһصķ⼫̶ȵķļƻ˵ʵ̫Ĳ࣬ǳ֮·ȴκεĲأΪһأ޷һ
˻С֮Уһ׷ԲԵеĺСơ
һε׻ʲôĽأ֮ϣ˰Ҳվ
ͬʱ̫֮ҲʼƵ߶ħΪǿǿҪˡ
ЩȴûκεĹϵͳ׳֮С
ľܹ𣿡Ϳе
ǵúʱǶ־ڱصõġ
ˣ˵ҡҡͷ
ҲǼΪĻ޷ĸо
ܿ;ͷ֣ԼĹ֮꾹Ȼޱȵ׳ֱ仯ʵ̫ˣǴһСһƬôš
ôܣЩš
ʶޱȵǿ󣬿һЩصǿߣڿ֮ǰ껹ޱȵĴȻ˾޴ռ䡣
Ŀƣһοʼ
͵껹ڲͣ׳׳Լ޷ԤԼǴﵽ˺־ˡ
֮ͷԼѾǿһĪĵزָоʹɾصǿ֮Ҳδܱȵˡ
ͬһʱ䣬붼۾
ɹˣһ
ʱԼԤϵĻҪٺܶģ
ѡ㡭ô͸ˣ뾪Ŀ͡
ʱͷ·Ǳڰһ㣬ǸͿ͵ľΪ
ҵƺ׳˲٣ӦԵʰɡЦЦ
꣬Ҿڵĸǿ˲٣ǿ˺ܶࡣ˵
Ҫ֪һöģɾصǿߣڵĸҲ綥ģ˿̵;Ȼ뻹Ҫǿ
ءֱʱͲŷӦһֱغԼ꣬Ȼڲ֪֮оʹﵽصľ磬ʵ̫һ㡣
ܿ;ǿ󣬶ڵĸԽ͸ͻҲȻȻˣĻ֮ĸڻˣ֮еԣ̶
ܴﵽ־磿Ϳ
˳ĻҡҲޱȵţһ֮ʵҲõһԾ
Ҳ࣬ҡЦЦ
Ҫˣֻͻǳȥɽ֮Ҳ׼ˡ
ˣͻȻ洫һɧ
ɫһ䣬µĽƣѾԸ˻ʽ٣ǾԲġ
ĽƱˣ˻Ѿˡ
˻ʵǷ񰡣ͺһ
Ѿصľ磬ʵǣ˻Ҳܵôˡ
ʱϣɳǶʥС
˻ʣúݶʯ־ŭ˻ʾȻ׼ɳǶˡ
˻ʣ㲻Ҫ𣿡ͻȻɳ֮һɫĻӿ赲ʥ¡
ߣ·˻Цһ
Ī˵۷ױͲʥ棬ΪҲռžԵƣζûлġ
ǰʯϲ
ƣһɳʱӰأƿʥ档
̣͵ʶ룬˲䴩͸˻ʵʶ
˻ҲûԤϵͻôһУһʱ侹Ȼʧȥʶ
һն¡
׻ʽµ˲䣬˻Χʥ澹Ȼ͵һ
ǿʶȻǲ£ѾԽǡ֮У̫Ҳ𺳲ѡ
һصʿλӵǿʶ
˻ҲϾ˻ʣһʱѹҪոյһĻҲ亹ֱʥ滤סĻڿҲѾһˡ
˻ζ벻ףŹȥ찡;ȻѾصǿˣһӵǿʶʶ֮ϣȻɵƿķ
˲˻ʺһ
飡˻ʵʥͻȻһ٣˻ʲ˼ĿſС
ƣȻǽƣ˭˭ʱɽ٣˻ʴŭʱѾڽƵķΧ֮ڣոյĹѾ˽ƣôҲὫС


931 ɶ
ơȻͬʱɽ١˻ʶʱˡ
ٵݴʿΪӵģ֮ٵѾ˻ʶˡ
ڶɽ֮ʱʿᴳԷƵķΧ֮ڣΪľǷֹƵĿꡣ
˻ʾȻǱ͸ˣƵ¾˻Ҳޱȵͷʹˡ
ͣΪһᱻٸҲ̫Сˡ˻Цһ
ٵǹͨģҲƵķΧ֮ڣҲζҲ⵽ƵĹ
˻ԼʵҪǿܹ࣬ܵסĻôҲܹܵס
¡һڽ£һΪģֱ
飡˻ʺһʥһ׳׻Ϊ˳
͸Ǹɴֱ࣬һףɵ׻κβ
ֻǼͬһʱ䣬һʮס
ԭٵ֮ǿֻΪ˻ʵĴ룬ٵֹʮ
˻ȴҲ壬ӵʥٵǿϼܹ
ȴҲƾԼӲףͬʱ֮е塣
ĵ˻ô⣬˦˼ɫĹ
飡ӲɫĹ
˻Цʥ͸ȥӲӣô˻ʸұ֤͵һֱ۽׷ˡ
ȴƽµĽһöɫĹ
۷ףǽ۷ף˻һ͵֮һ㵭Ľ⣬ǿ۲ĻܵԷ֡
ͱԽ۷Ϊ㣬ʥ
ͻû꣬һɫĹֱӽ˽֮С
ң˻ʴŭֱ˦źɫĹҪ䵲
ƻȴ̼ƵǾʹ˻˽ǻ˵һζɽپǹȥˣ޷ĻôȴǵıǸӿ񱩵١
˻ڵʥ˵ǱѹʱпܷɣͲȥ
ԭΪԼԳͿֵʰһССɶصʿǾ֮Ͱˡ
Ҳû뵽ǰҵʱ䣬;ȻɶؿԽأһ֪˭٣ٵĿꡣ
ٲ㵽ٶ£ͶϾ˻ʱȴͷ
ڴռʱһֱǲǱˡ
㾹ȻҪٵĥң˻ʴŭ
ɵ֪ΣڡЦһ
Ҫ㻹һ㣬ӵ̫ʥĴУһӵʥ棬Ī˵㣬ҹħҲɱҡ˻ŭ
̫ʥ壬㲻Ӷӵˣ㻹Գ̫ʥ壡ͺǲм
Դ˻ȴֻһЦܿܣʷʤдġ
㿴̫ʥɣ̫ʥ򣡡˻˫һضΪ֮һ𣬷·˿˻ʲ֮һ㡣
̫ʥĴоȻǿ򶼿ʩչˣ̫һ㶡
ʹɾصʿ֮Ҳֻٲ˲գһڶԷ֮УøǿǿƿԲǴ˵Ķ֡
Լ֮УɾصǿѾ޽ӽˣʵͬӵʿܹԿ֮⣬ʿûκεİ취
Ϊ˻ɱͣ˻ϧ
򡭡Ҳһ㶡
Իһе˺̫ʥȴ˻ʳΪ֮ڵף֮˻ʾһУʹϵĽҲʱ˻ʡ
֮򣡡һҫĺɫնһ£ȻҪ̫ʥһΪ
ôܣȻҲӵ򣡡̫Լˡ
˻ʺͶɾصʿǶӵԼ
˻ʻ˵Ͼǵõ̫ʥĴУ˵δﵽҪ̤ɾǳ顣
ô˵˻ʺôҲɰأȴһصʿﵽľƺ˺ܶɡ
һҾͰһѣҲ㳹׷ġɽһЦ
֮û뵽㾹ȻǴ˵ǿߣ͵һЦ
µģҿûôı£ֻʩչһΣܴ򵽶پͿԼ컯ˡɽ͵
ĶɽȻӵУǴȴӵУҽ⽣֮ӡ˴ɽ֮С
лԸܵ⽣֮ⲻ֪Ƕٽʿ顣
˼ҵ̫ʥ֮УһжҪΪãĽһġ˻ʺһȻҪǿпƴɽ
˵ӵܹƵģƿɽһȣʱ֮ѹ˻ʵ̫ʥ⾹ȻҪ̫ʥ˺ѡ
̫ʥȻн֮
ҲץһеĻİأֻǿߡ
ѾǺˣдǿԸĴڡ
䣡̫ʥȫˣװˣ̫ʥܸ˽֮
ʥ棬һһУ˻ʵܴ裬ʧˣȻܸһصϡ
ã̫ʥͷųĻ綼Ҫˡ̫󾪡
ʥ̫ʱС磬֮ɢĻ綼п
飡һֻͻȻ¡
۸ҵѣҴ㣡֮Уһ޴ͻȻ֡
Сһ㶡
ʧõСȻֳˣӰİңȴһͷߡ
˻ϰٸһԵȥ
𣡡һЩɫĹ˲ʧĸɸɾ
ңС
Ǿ޴һ¡
˻ʲܣеʥ۳һ
ҪӲӣʥ棬㵲סġͼæѡ
Ѿˣһɫĳֱû˰ҵֱ֮С
ž˻ʵҲ˲⽴һȻûнҵֱ۳жϣп˰Ƥˡ
ڰɡҲˣ⻹һμܹʥһûб֮ġ
ôܣҿ̫ʥ壬ҵ۳˻ʲţʥ澹Ȼᱻ
˵ЩҵģСЦĳ˻ʹ˹ָ
˻ʵ˲ͱʥɡ
̫ʥ壬ҲһҪ׳壬ҪΪħĵһǿߡҡɫĻ֮д˻ʵı
վСԱߵ̲סӣ˻ʵʵɵѣСȴҲֻǹ˹ָôһǿ߾ͳˡܡһ
תҲ̫ˣ˻ʾȻôˡ
ʥ棬˻ʥķ֮£һеȴͷһͷС


932 ħ綯
֮еĻ̫˸еȣһʱ䶼ûзӦ
Сĳֵ˻ʷɶڼҲʱˣҲʱ侹Ȼõõ̫ʥ崫е˻䡣
һվ۷壬ܹɾǿ߶Կ˻ʾȻôˣ
ʹ˻ѾʥյҶʣˣȻǰľ˵á
ҵǿͻ⣬һͷ޺С־Ū˵õ̫ʥ崫е˻ʣô˵Ҳ˵ȥ
˻п뵽Լ䣬Ǿ벻ԼȻַʽɡ
ҲаĶСͻȻ͡
һ㶣㰢Ķ
ڵĻ氡Щ涼ҰġСҫĻӶеСЩСȻʥɵģոջ˻ڵʥת֮䵽СУ簡
һͷ𣿡̫꿴Сһۡ
ȻСۣܲǻ̫ȴܸܵС̺ľ޴ǺµЩ
СЦĿͣİɣѾĶˣҲߵġ
Ͳ֪ʮʮɷ̫ʱھȻһͬˣֱ֮ʮʮɷɢڸء
С˵ΨһӵŲٿʮʮɷڵʥҲС밢ҵڵġ
ȻСûвģʵСӵеȰһҪǿǿԻһСǰҲǷģκε춯
˻ĵλƱػ½˻֮ǰŵҲѾ൱ĵˣһӾͲôùˡ
ʹȻ˻ʣػʣǿ򣬵Ȼǲġ
ȴûʲô˼壬ΪСѾĶˡ
һͷһ⻹ûʲôϵؼһͷʵǿͻҶô
ôãСûнʲôѣԾ͸ˡ
Ҳûа취ֻһͷСڷɳ֮һΡ
ڼͻС̸һЩС⣬ĽȻͱ
˵СļҲѣǵȵȫѣ֪Ҫʲôʱˡ
Ψһ˽Сİ˵ȴһֳС֮˭ԣҪͨúѡ
һֱСߵߣҲûйĹʣֻҪ߲ɳʲôӰ쵽飬ôҲȥ鲻ʺϡ
֮ͰԼڱħӡǣʩչռνħ֮С
ԭһùټµָԭĽҲ൱Ŀ졣
ڵ𲶾ҲȫˣӴҲ𲶾ʹࡣ
һηħҪ黹б硣
һ͵ĳָȴǴ㵣ƺͲͽħ硣
ôˣѵʲôˣ̲סʵ
ߣͲܹĵط
ǴʱѾ̫ˣ
ʦǺõȰһӰһ͵Ĳӣס͵ж
ħۣǿҰЦһ
ʦ֣ҼҴ󹫺Բų²ߡӰһЦ
ֶħ۵ӰŻ޿ײ룬ҹ󹫵ĵץǾͲ°ҹ󹫳֣üͷһ塣
ӰЦЦѾǵؼʱ򣬾˰ҹҲνˡ
ͺһ۷׶ʱ壬һ˲ͱڻ
۷ףʦСˣһصʿҵĶ֣Ӱûоš
һ˲Ķ֣أȻ䣬͵ֳһģһʿ
һ壬⻯Ӱһ
źһһĿĽâ˲̴Ӱ
ۣͣţֶǲŹġ
ŵϵһ̲ѪҲֻεҡҡͷħ۸ǲͬ죬Լźһֻشħۣȴܽɱ
飬ǡ
߰ɣֶѾһƬ򡣡ɫҰܡ
ܣҹħһǿô᣿ͲţΪħһǿߵİҹ󹫾ȻֶӶĵ̡
Цһҹ󹫴ʱѾ˱չصĽҪʱ̣ʱȻ޷սģûдڱ󣬰ҹ󹫵ľȻֶ󹫵Ķ֣ħ׵ľֶ󹫵ǵС
ʲôŭڡ
֮ԽΪ˵ߣٲ߾ˣһֶµĸˣһᶼûˡļ١
Ұأʵ
ˣֶ󹫾ӹħʱҰͱһħ۸ˡҡҡͷ
ֶ󹫵Ҫʲô
ֶֻҪʦһ¯ҩˣֻҪʦͬ⣬ħǵģǸСŮǶὫͻǽڵӰͻȻ˹
˭ͽ鵲
Ӱһ󶶶˽ˣӰŵһųԽҸ
ûжô
ʦģֶ󹫲˺ǸӣʦٲĻôǲұ֤ǸӵİȫٺһЦ
вңĶһźӰ
ѡ񲻽ܡӰЦ
㡭ãֻҪǷ˱ҿԴӦƵҩջѡЭ
Է϶ͻЭͶڱĳ谮֪ģֻҪֶϣô;ͲòЭ
ɡӰ뿪˱ħ
˱ħͲ֪ʱħ絽ҵ˺̶ֳȣÿһطڷսֶ󹫵ľϯħ磬ûħһǿ߰ҹ󹫵£ûֵܹסֶ󹫵ľӡ
ֶ󹫷ħԣһҹ󹫱չسҪùʵ
²Ҫ˵ΪʲôҲִֻд󹫵ˡһЦ
뿪ħôһʱ䣬ħ羹ȻѾֱ仯ʵ̫˼ˡ
ֶ˵ħ֮ҲֻܹƳҪĵҩ˵
л̧ˡƤЦⲻЦ˵
ֶ󹫸͵ĸоһϵɷͶ֪ǿ˶ٱȻֶϵѾǲˣȻҲȡֶ֡
ʦ𣿷ϻͲҪ˵ˣⵤҩܲƣܣƳǸӾͿˣܣôǾԶɡ
ϵֱӣͿֱĵ
ǼŹ㲩ȴûϳǺֵĵҩҩһּΪҵĴ䷽ʽһ𣬸Ϳʲô


933 ½
ΪʦֱͱܵľⵤҩЩ򵥡
ⵤ֮оȻõϺӳּΪĶѾҩķ롣
ֶ󹫣ⵤҩ
ô޷ƣʱֶ󹫵ѹѹ͡
ͺǿסѹǲƣЩѶȡ
ܺãȻûñʧѹǻƳ硣ֶĵ˵ͷ
ֻҪƳѪ񵤣ԼŵԣǸСѾͷ뿪ֶ˵
һʱ䣬ⵤҩѾԽ˾Ʒҩڽ𵤵ķ룬ҪһЩʱݡ˵
ֶ󹫶ǺܿݣֻҪܹڰ֮ڽѪƳֶ󹫲ʡ
ֶҰĲСɽһŵҲѡ
ⵤ֮ϧҩȻٲ˵ģһЩΪаĶϺӳҲеһְˡ
ֵҩѾаѶȾԲͨҩܹȵģΪӦĴۣⵤҩһƳЧҪԶԶʤͨҩ
Ѫ񵤣ϹʱӦûֵҩͰ̾˿
ֶʵԶôڱչصʱħ綼ûʲôܹ赲ֶ󹫡
󹫻ֶ󹫣µľȴԶԶֶ󹫣ڴ˶ʱܹԱҲѾǺǿˣȻҲûʲô֧Ԯҹ󹫡
ѪƵĹҲǼΪѪȣǼʿѪ񵤵ʱЩʧ񣬺üβ˶ħ
ÿһϴ͵Ǿ͸Ϊļᶨټ֮ڵʱ޿̵꣬Ǽ
һεѪķʮʱ⡣
Ѫɵ˲䣬콵׽١
׽µ˲ֶ󹫾ͳ˽Ͽգֵ׽١
ҪĵҩλСС֮ϣֶֻһ˫Ʋͣĵֵ׽١
žŰʮһ׽֮һѪ񵤲ǹԲˡ
ֶҲǺسŵ˱ҲûΪֶͣ󹫵ΨһļֵΪѪˣѹûб
ȻѾصΪΪֶпºҲûʲôɡ
壬ʡһͣһͷ͵ĻС
Ȼһʱֶ֮󹫵²ûΪѱǱĿԼĸײԱĴνء
ûˣûˣ⣬һжûˡıļ
ͽرħʱ¶һ˿Цݡ
ħѾܴˣҴȥɡ˵
ħ绹Ҫңһֶ֪ħ۽ʲôء
ҲǸоԼֶħƵһöѪ񵤲ûô򵥡
ȥ硭ЩԥħʿҲûС
֮гħս֮⣬һЩصͨЩͨôʿ룬һȶ˭Ҳұ֤ͨǰٷٰ֮ȫġ
ǽ֮ǵҲΣôʿ׷ɱ
֮Уħʿɾڹ˺͡
İɣڣһỤȫġ͵һЦ
ңҲʱһˡͻȻץס֡
̣һߣϳһĨΡ
ཻôãͻǵһ
ո˵ʲôǱӴʱȴǽޣ޲ҪԼͷ·档
˵Ҳһˣôˡ˳һԼĻС
㡭黶ϲĿ͵ļϡ
˿̾ҸŵѾ̫ˣľͷǿˡ
ڷ֮ʱ;Ѿȷ˹ϵ͵ľګȴʼ޷һΪ⣬ֻܷħ磬Ȼ磬ǵʼնܼ档
͵ĿҲôĵȺֵõģŮˣʹΪǿҲϣԼһˡ
ص磬һһĻ񡣡ǣ֡
ȻûʲôȫԼһԱǴ´ˡ
š˵ͷ
ҲҪһȥ˵
İɣҲ±ģаѱԭҲߣħǲܴˡЦ
ţģϾȥ׼˵ͷ
ħħȻǲģǺôҲ˲꣬ٻһЩ̵ģҪߣЩȻǲ˱˵ģҪһʱȥ׼һ¡
ڱԭͼ򵥶ˣֻҪһ˸;Ϳˣȫԭ׼á
뿪ħѾǰ֮ˣѾռһͨһ˵ֻҪĳһӡǣôȫֱӴȥ
֮ǰڷɳԼӡǣʩչռ֮󣬲Ƭ̵ʱ뿪ħ磬硣
ħϢѵħʿ͵͵ˣɳڵʯüͷһ塣
УħʿϢʵ̫ǿʢˣһЩǿ߻Ҫǿ
û£ѡʹʯ졣
ʯһ;˷ɳǣǶͻǷǳ𾴵ġ
һͷСҲ͵ѣ㹴־Ū˵õ̫ʥ崫е˻ʣʵֱˡ
һʱСڷɳ֮ڵӹҲ൱ʯͷ»ȥˣСҪʲôɷɳ򵥣һʱС˱ǵơ
мǲʵģġ
Σռˣħ֮ӰһѪɫĺ«
һڰǧ顣
һǧ顣
аǧ顣

󹫱Ҫ飬ܽѪ񵤴߻Ҫ࣬ҪΪѪһ
Ǵʱ֪ΪһŵҩҪðѪĻ֪θ롣
ʱעǲ֪ģΪûҪħĴ㡣
˵ҲЩңǺħǼֱСˣԻǶȽϰȫһЩ
Ȼÿһʱ䶼ʿҪ׽飬ƾ͵Щʿˡ
һʱҲȫ߻Ҳڷɳ֮æµӦҪһĻȻʳԡ
ȻûмֻҪһ仰֮еʿҪμĻ
͵ϲеʱеǲмеǴ㵣еǻϲֱ鲻һ㡣
ɻ飿ʲôʱ˵ˣЩĪ
ȥѡ鱦͵һĺɡ˵
ǣס˷ܵĵ˵ͷ
׵˼ȻҪȥμ͵ĳɻˣ񲻾ζֿ뿪˺µĸףΪҪֿ͵Ͽˡ


934 дֻ
ʦǻ鰡һξȥɣϾҵ֤ʦҵȥĻ»ᱻЦ֮Уҩʦǰ˵ķԸ
Ȼûʲôϵˣܹﵽʦһʦǰһλ߲ǵĶ֮нĳɾоųɵĹ;ǰһλߡ
ڣһʦȥͣʣʦȫһģҲﵽʦ۷壬統֮һˡ
ǣʦ𡣡ҩʦ˵ͷ
ʦĴ֪ħ֪֮ʦڵģԲᳬ֮
ʦ͵ĳɻ䣬ӲҲܿ͵Ŀء
ҲȥɣϾͬΪ塣ε̾˿
˻֮ǵľһ첻һˣһ壬ǵѹҲԽԽң˻ȴҲֻǿֵˣĵһһıʴš
ʿǺ֮䲢ûвɻĳޣ˻ʺ֮ĶԹ˻ʵҲӦʧˣͬϣܹǵΣ
ȻصΪʶҪǿ٣ΪҪǣͻһʦ˭ʦӵģֻҪһ仰ͿԸıĴ
ĸڽӵ͵֮ȻӦһǶɳ˼ʿǰμ͵ĳɻ䡣
ƽʽķɳǾȻǳΪһʱֵ֮ĵط֮һʿ׷׳ڷɳ֮С
ֻ֮ҪЩĶɳԼʿпһЩ͹ϵôĻǹϵͲǲôˣ·Ŀпܡ
СӣȢϱˣɷ˰ΨһѵҲֻˡ
ͷ˷ۣһݣҪһǺܼ򵥵ɡ
ûûʵġٺһЦ
ߵĳɻ˵ҲǼΪҪģΪϵҪһĵ£ԼʹҲ˿ĵ
۵ĿһֱæµͣŮ˵Ҹ鲻ҵһ
ⲻľʥ𣿡ͻȻϿһĨ̡
ľʥʵȴǿ̫ˣȻѾﵽɰصľ磡ҲЩɻ
֮ǰľʥӦֻҰɣôһʱ䲻ôࡣ
ǡľͳԾĿľʥһӰ
֮ھһʵĽľͶԽľȻޱȵϤľʥӰǽľ
ľ֮Դǿľ֮ԴͰ̾һľʥʵǽȡ
ͣˣľʥһӣʱҶƬγƺƵˢȫҪɳǶΪƽذ
ľʥˣﲻҰĵطʥ󾪣ֹǲľʥ·
ľʥĹϵԲľʥ䣬ںʥ˻ʶɳˣοľʥ
ƽĶۣɰصȷѵõǿˣҪǵõ̫ʥ崫Уںʥ˻ȣǻ൱Ĳġ
ϣҹʼһɫĺֱӺ˻ʥ
㡭ʥһɫĺȻо޷
Сģһſֱӵ˻ʥǰԼӲһɫĺ
Ȼǽľľʥΰ쵽ģüͷ
Ľľ͵֮ҲûĸʿܹľľʥڵĽľȴǻʵġ
ȻȻǿȻҪҾҪĳɻΪķĹľʥЦ
ϤϤЩţľʥȻܵѬϢ
ȴ벻ףΪʲô
ľʥݲҰһ
һģ㸸׶£С񣿡ľʥָһ㣬ʱɳ·ðϰ޴
ľʥʹŭԼĳɻ侹Ȼᱻľʥƻˣɽʣ֮ʱʩչʱĽӰͽɳκθ̤뽣ӰΧĶᱻնƬľʥٻȻ޷ǰֺ
ľʥȴûκεľţǲ֪͵ֶΣҲǲ֪˻ġ
ȴȻˣΪֻ֪ҪܹնɱͣôͿԵõĶݺħ硣
ľѾྭӪôˣڽ뻯Ϊʵǵ֪͵ﻹһĽľʱסˣʹΣٴҲҪһΪһжֵõġ
˰ϿտѾ̤ɰصľʥҡҡͷ
ǰһû뵽ȻѾʵķӡ
Ѭɡ΢΢̾˿
ʲô˼Ͳ⡣
Ѭεҡҡͷ
ľѬľһʥŮݰˣľһ֮ľѬľʥ峤ҪҪ
ΪľѬͲľһˣǵĽľľ飬ľһ峤֮Сĵ
ľ֮飬ľһ˵ѵĻᣬ⽨ľ֮ȫʱǾͻὫɡ
ԵԭľѬʱ͸̾⺢ӵĲпˡ
ľѬѾױľʥɣΪľʥϣľʥľѬļ֮е֪ӵнľƬһĽľ
ѬΪľ֮飬ڽľϢرУڵĽľϢҲľѬŻľѬʼնҪ͡
ľʥ֪Ͷʱŭ
Ѳ࣬ľѬѾӡԺ֮С
һεķֱȻΪľѬȻνүүʿͲϡ
ҪɱңͣΪˣܹľĻһԿһȫʬľʥʲôЦЦһ㣬Ц
ЦɣЦɣЦˡȭı󼸸ɫβë¶
ǡȸѵ㡭ͻȻ뵽ʲô
˵ȸ֮ĿҲֻпˡ
СӲǵõ˿Ĵ˰ɣɫⰡҲǼѡ
ౣͻȻ͵ıֳһֻĿȸһࡣ
дֻأʹһӣʱâӣγһȦ
ɫ⣡ľʥһеȽ˼£һֱѹ˹
ֵǣЩɫĺڴɫĹȦ֮󣬽ȾԤ׵ʧˣϸ۲ĻᷢȦ֮ɫĲ˲١
֮ˣںһ𣬻֣Ϣ


935 ʱͨ
ľʥܹʩչдֻػҪǿ޷ƿдֻأĹȴֻΪдֻصϡ
Ҳڽɫ֮󣬸ϢԭԼͨ
˵⡶дֻءͨ㲻ǱϾ̫ߣʹǲͨȻǿԷӳΪǿս
飡ľʥƺаʩչһͨȻǱдֻظˡ
ľʥڣһΣһâ漴ն
ͣľʥؿڶʱһĳᴩ
ۣľʥؿͻȻľͷûκεѪҺľʥҲֻǵһЦ·౻̴˵Ͳʲô˺
Ͳаִһǽ
ڴɽľʥʱ򣬷·ǴһƤ֮С
飡ͻȻľʥָΪ˼ľˣ
ľ˴壡ľʥһʱЩľͬһա
У̫ܼˣͶ㲻ҡҡͷ
һʼû׼ܵĴ㣬Щľ˸޷ƿķ
ۣ
ʱ䣬֮˴ľмЩľڴ͵ʱͱ͵ĻԪ˷ĩҲû˺ͷֺ
ɰصľʥƺҲûϵ;ȻôѲ
ʼһεٻ޾֮оȻдľϵۡ
ǽľͲ˼ĿЩ֮оۼľϵ֮еģǾۺǧСľϵ
룡Ȼľʥٻ㹻ľϵһſһ̾ѾľʥԣһסľʥĲӡ
ȴüͷһ壬ϵĸо·ץסһήľһ㡣
ҵľζΣͻȻĶľʥϷʵЦݡ
ãʶҪӳϵľʥѾ̫ˣľ˲Ա
ɰʿԱһ¾ɾصǿҲĵ
ɡľʥ¶ԼΡ
֮ǰ;ĲֻһľˣȻͬʵǺͱģһʱ֮ھȻ޷͡
ֻҪˣôϵһ꽨ľˣΪʦ棬ǳԽʦǿĴڡ
ľʥôĵӣҵ㶼Ҷոոϵҩʦŭ
ʦݶĺܣʦǵΪĲƸˡ
ʦǼΪصģȻļֵѾԽͨʦľʥȻҶֽɱʵ̫ˡ
϶ΪʦҾͲҶ֣ľʥһ
ͻȻһĺֱð˳
ħãϷ·ֵһľʥұۻΪһì
ľ֮ì𣡡һһľìѾϢѾ޷ܿˡ
򶾣ľìͶһ˲䣬һɫĶѾϵľì֮ϣľì˲ͱܽˡ
ֶ֮壬Ȼ㲻ãľʥһ
ֵȻ꾣ֻ˵Ϊľʥ̫Զ赲ľʥĽŲ
һεʱ䣬˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
䣡ӷ֮зɳһӰ
ûľʥüͷһ壬Ա֮¾Ȼ
дֻءľʥϵһȦγŹˡ
ľʥľԱ˲䣬;Ѿʩչдֻػס֮ϢȻĵֵסľԱ
ľԱʵ̫ǿˣдֻҲɢˡ
ááҩʦһֻҪûôһж˵
ľʥȻǲôŹ͵ģֻΧϵľ˹ľʥֻһֵ֯Щľ֮С
Ǽʱ䣬ЩľͱľʥӣҾȻӵɰصΪ
ľһ㶡
һ㵲סҿʮ㵱סľʥٺһЦ
Ҳɫ䣬һľƾдֻظʮǵסģɳǻ˶׻
ľʥû뵽ǣЩľֻǿҾʧȥȻ˻һ
ܣôܣҵľ޵еġľʥ󾪡
ӷʩຣģͷǰһ£ľʥ徹ȻֱСˡ
ʱ䡭ʱͨľʥתڵֵʱʴ
ۣ͵ģһѪ
ʱ̫֮޷ȫƿأϧҡҡͷ
һö֮뾹Ȼ˼Ϊʱͨʱ䵹˼壬Խ˻Ʒ˻֮ǰӣ˻ʱԽ࣬ҪĵķҲԽࡣ
ոЩľ˻Ҫõٷǽľʥɰصǿߵʱ˻ǾͲô򵥵ˡ
ټľʥļֿҲǽʱ˻һǧ֮ǰˡ
˵ȴ㹻ˣһǧ֮ǰľʥûɵѬҲṳ̂ɰصľ磬һصʿȫһ
ֻ˻ҲһʱƵģʵԽǿʱԽ̡
ۣһ£ľʥʱΪ˳ʬ޴棡
ˣͳ˿
Сġ
ۣһľì̴͵ͷ­
̫Сˣ̫СҵľˣһȻֱľʥӡ
㡭г˾
ոǽľʥıˣΪΡΪΡ
𣿡ͻȻһľì̴͵ࡣ
ҿľͱ֮л˲䣬͵ͱʮľìᴩˡ
ʮľìȻγĳ󷨣ѹסڵֻĿԼ˿ڲͣѪһȥͺпܾͻΪʧѪ
ǵѪľ磬Ҫɱôܲ׼һЩأľеķ󣬱ʮľìУɡľʥƴ͵ĵ֮С
ǴʼȻľѬѾͷĲ²ûдϵȷнľľʥ˷ܵĿ͡
Ѫ̺֮ʼͲҪôھۼôʼ
ͣľʥεʱ֮жʱ޾Ľâ
ߣľܱڣľʥ˫һϣһľǽЩâ
ӷŽԿգˢһΪͺһ
룡ľʥһΣܿķ⡣
꣡ס͵ʮľìʱѡ
ˣмˣľʥҡҡͷ
ʧȥľìƣ͵˲ָԭ״
һ壬һҪȫӦľʥڵľʥʸ


936 Ѳľ
⻯С㣬⻯ٶҲȲҵľľʥЦһʱʮľ͵ǰ
ľΪľʼ棬ų֮ϸܹľԻľѬǽľ֮飬֮ľʥҲӵһ
˽ľ֮ľʥʵûеõ̫ʥ崫е˻ôţԵʵѹ͡
ǽľ֮رķȴľʥøѲ
Щľ綼ͱ൱һ޷ֱĸǱĸǷΪľʥڷͱ֮лҪľʥͱøѡ
ľʥֻҪԱЩľɵƻҲ൱˵ģ൱һɰǿߵԱҲӲӡ
ɨϡʩչĿǰΪֹȺǿĽУ׼һűȫ
ǵصĽâЩľĶ˵ϣʮľȫ
ۣ͵ĽµͻȻס͡
ж˲䣬;;Լסȿʼ飬Ҳʼʧȥ֪
ͣһֱӽ͵ȸ
ʧȥĿͣȴһɫĻΪҽ
ҲǾһ亹ոΪԼѾеľľʥı𶼿סˣ˭뵽ľʥȻһ˵صףȻʩչ˶ϣնжȣȵҺȫʱ;Щ鷳ˡ
ʹⶾҪ͵Ҳʧȥս˵ġ
ˣдֻأͼæʩչдֻؽԼס
֪֮УǾȻѾʮͷľĵشһЩľԱĻǺǲ롣
ʱֹͣҲϣϧľ޴ķͣЩľʱ䣬ͺӵ㹻ʱ롣
ʱͨò˵һΪͨس̶ȿ»Ҫڿռ֮ͨϡ
֮óռͨʿв٣óʱͨȴǷëǣһֿռͨǿߣǱضǳڷ֮С
ֱƿ˹ȥڣδλʱ֮ͨ϶ųȻ裬ҲΪһŷ˿ռͨá
Ӵռͨʱʵ̫̣ټʵûдﵽ۷壬ʱͨҲ൱õġ
Ȼǵ˷ľ磬һֱӰǰΪˮܵˣ
ľʥʵôô࣬Ҽǵ֮ǰҲ۷尡ʥ˼Ŀſʮľ֮
ոľ֮ԱҲǿƽĶۣͲľʥĶ֣ԷһжӲ
ʥʵǲţ֮ǰľʥȻ̶̵ʱ֮ôࡣ
ʵ࣬峤Ҳ඼һˮ׼ľʥʵȻǸ߳һء
ɰذҲֻ۷ʱڲпܳǿ˰ɡ
ľʥʵرǿľȴʮֵĲˣܹԻ֣ԱҲ൱ˣͿ鷳Щǡ
δأ̶ȿû˸ҺȣŶ꣬ѾΪٶȿĴҲ˰ɡػҡҡͷ
ܣ˼˵ʿ͡
ɣ˵֮ѾɽǿʿҲΪʿĳ֣ҲΪɲܷɽ硣
͵ΪԺʹôһѾʧ˵пܾ͵ϡ
ɵϰ
ֻʺ͵ػȴû˺ʸ񣬻ǿ˲˵飬˼಻Żһ⣬ΣǽǺ͵Ĺϵֽˡ
δܹɽ磬ôֻҪһ仰ͿǷչǧꡣ
ǰʿҲֻǾһԿţֻģЩûκεĽ飬ҲΪ͵һľʥ
飡һ߷͸ˡ
ÿһľľʥͻٻһʼնǱʮͷҡ
͹ƣľʥܹƵľҲʮңôһߣҲԲൽȥ
ֻЩľԱͨΪѲ͵սȷǿһ˴ʮû⣬ҲֹĺսȥôˣôǸµľһ͡
ϧˣһȴҪˡһǿҡҡͷ
ҪͳɻӺ׽ͳְƼ¯ĵҩأڿһжˣľʥĹ֮£ܱܲסǶһδ֪֮ء
ľʥ̫ԮԮҩʦæһ䡣
ҩʦȻʦʵȴô
ҲʦȱٵľǴֻ֣ҪгĵҩΪӦɰصǿҲֵġ
͵ļֵҪԶԶһɰصʿԲܸκεĴۣҩʦᱣסһ
޳֣һҪס͡ҩʦųźš
ʦ֣ˣ޿ɰ۷壬ܹɾصǿߣǿ߳Ҫ𵤴۵ģΪһ֮͡ڵõźŵʿЩԥ
𵤰֮еĽҲûжٵģ̰ᣬÿγֵĴ۶Ǽߵġ
ȴҲǿһҩʦö𵤵ļ۸붯ȥΪڳϫ֮ѰһűƳϫ飬ǧĹ޲Ŵһš
û⣬ʮŽ𵤡֮ڣһ֮޵һЦ
ʮţ
û⣬Ӧʮžʮţұľʥͷҩʦһ
һԸ޵һЦʱΪӰ
Ŷˣնɱľʥ͡һӵһЦ
ɱȻ䣬ľʥһ¶Ȼһ˲ʧȥʶ
ŶܹסҵӦɰ˰ɡӵһЦ
ľʥڸոյĸоҲǾ岻ѣô£ոʲôоôҾһѾıԵˡ
ģѾӵʼ޵еģҲҾԲġľʥҡҡͷֻƵͷ⡣
ʱɳΧһжᣬľʥʮ߷Ҳˡ
۷ףʧſ³˽ɫĻ棬Щڻȼ֮¾ȻҲʼȼˡ
𹲴棬ͬȼǺεȵ׳۳
ͺͻȻ־ȻսַЩ΢ĸı䣬ľʥûлָɵжĻôľᱻ滯Ϊҽ


937 ɾ
ŮϾȻҲ𣡡ʥǲ˼顣
Ϊһ壬ڸֻ涼ĸӦ⻰ӻʥ˵Ļ;Բϵȷ֮
ҿ̬֮ǼΪı档
ʮ֮ھŵǬ棡ҩʦĿǽݵĻ档
ҩʦҲһʮ棬ǺǬȻ൱Ĳࡣ
ʮ֮Ľ۷ףھŵǬ棬ֻ澹Ȼںһ𣬶ԸľʥľҲ˳ϵЧ
ߣʼľʥһһɺ嫵ֱӸֻ档
ȻǼʮ֮һʱ䶼ȴľʥȡһʱ䡣
ʮľԱֲȻֻ֮ըһȱڣľʥıҲѡ
Ҳǰ̾˿׼˲ͽľʥʡԺ鷳ˡ
ľʥľѲ̶ԶԶ͵󣬾Ȼ¶ˡ
ӵǬֻ֪Ҳãƿһ֮ϻЩģʩչ
Ǭ滹ǰҹģһöڵͰҹһЩϵټʱ򣬰ҹ۽Ǭ顣
ʮǿ˵ıǶڰҹ˵ȴҲһЩȽϡٵˣҲֻʿпܽǬ浱ͳ
Ǳ֮ľʥǹʼʩ
ɷħ֣ʱ͵ı۳һɷħӰ죬ǿֲɷסڳеʿʹǷɳɷӰ֮¶ɪɪ
ÿֲɷһʦλγ˶ɷܹԽĿҲûж˰ɡʥľ
һֻǵصĺɫֱִӽľʥΧĿռ䶼׽ľʥ޿ɱܡ
ʼ潵٣ľʥһһ޴ľ𣬵סɷħֵĽ١
ľͺһ
ľʥȻԼתΪľ֮ӲǵסɷħֵĽ١
ͣȡڵʼ֮Ѿܹʼ棬ɱңɱҵģľʥŵЦš
δҲ̫Լˣ֮һָ͸ľʥ壬֮ͬһͷ̰ĶǣӶţľʥڵ
֮ܣʲôϵôӵ֮ľʥҪѣ˫İסľʥ֮ͿռžԵƵġ
ľľʥŭӣһ߾ľû˳ȻԱ
ֻҪܹܿҾͻлᡣľʥ뵽
ȴҪľʥˣʹ֪ľԱͬСɣȴ˿ûжܵ˼
ˣȻҪľԱʥһ
䣡ʱʮľۼ͵Χһ죬ֲľϯǱըನԻʮɳˡ
һ֣סನɳ֮вɾǿߣҪֵⱬըನҲʲô¡
ֻನҾ˿ֲˣըĵҪܶôֲ˺ء
ӷ𡣡һ޹Ļסͣʮ׻ʽҲƣ͵ǳһ⡣
ˣط֮£͵İը촷ۡ
ľʥ³ңԭߴɵ֮Ӷ֮£Ȼֻǧҡ
أľʥˣ˷ܣոһӶᾹȻΪٽһء
ľʥ˲֪ΪȫӶᣬһΪȴǳɾͣô̵ʱ֮ھͳΪصʿ
ҲģҲġľʥѾǳǲԸ
ľһôãôãڽľ֮鳹ˣǵȴĽȴ
޵еģѾʼ棬һ֮ûܹɱҡľʥĺ
ɡͱһȸâʢɫһˢһ貵鱻˳
Ѭһһ֮ܵѬϢҲѬĽľ֮˰ɡ
飡һɫĻľʥ峹ˣʹͨپˣҲԲܸˡ
ڸոյõһ飬ͽ֮еĽľ֮УȻѬǽľ֮飬ôڽľ֮Ҳ»ֻʱҪ԰ǧ㡣
նɱľʥһɰصǿߣ÷ɳ֮еʿޱȵ𺳡
ľʥʵĿõģͬΪɰصʿҲδܽܣ˵ǽɱˡ
ͷ·һƽһ㣬øʲôǸʲôͲΪһľʥΥԼĳŵҪһĳɻ䣬ľʥĳҲһСˡ
ʦûпҩʦ΢΢̾˿
ʹҩʦ͵־ٶҲǾ̾ѡ
һĻΪһ̵һɰǿߵ
һɻ֮ϣ͸ó֮꼶дˣЩǿ߶Щ˼顣
ˣͶ԰֮ʱ֮жʱһɽɫĻ
ͬģЩɫĻ֮вͣı任ţûĸ֡
۷ףһﻹáƲƲ졣
һȻʿ𾪲ѣ֮󣬷ɳֲ֮Ϣڶʱһˡ
£;Ȼɾأ
ȻûдﵽɾأҲȶɰ۷ľ硣
СѲתȻô֮죿𲻿˼ĿؿֲϢ
ɾأħ֮ΪǿĴڣǿ߼Ҳֻ֮
һͶǲ˼飬˫֮Ȼ˫֮Ϊһ·ͻͽ
һöڵǲټڵǬԪ֮ǿ
ͻǴ֮ڵĽ۷Ҳ
ԪԪĽڣʵ췭ظı仯ȻлĹĹЧ˳˫ޣҲһֵȵڡ
Сɾءﵽɾأ͸֪Ҳһ¥
֮ǰһֱ޷СҲܿʵˣɾأһͷȻҲɾصΪ
ʲôﵽɾˣҲӦܸо˰ɡСƲƲ졣
СĻָ˵ĿҲԽԽˡ
ţڱڤ֮͵˵ͷ
˵֮ǰһЩɵĻôڴﵽɾ֮Ѿȷˣɵڱڤ֮
ɿɲô׵ģֻдɳɹСƲƲ졣
ڵȴĲ𣿡͵һЦ
㣬ǹˡСһЦʱСﻹһͷСǱ˭


938 һ鱦
ͽɾ֮ҲԼо˱ڤ֮쳣ƺʲôٻһ㡣
һһ棬׻һĻ̫꣬һۣһһǰһͷСϸոսɾص͵ĻһѾоˣ㹻ٳһͨɽ֮·ˡ
ӵͨɽ֮·ħǿҲ֪ħǿҲһ֣˫ʹЭ飬ħֻܳ˶ѡ
ִľǿ֮У񣬻֮⣬඼ûнһطġ
ħħ۳˺ħ֮⣬ҹۺֶҲѾһطˡ
ҹҲΪһطŻ뵽ǧڸ֮нԼķȻپۼһһǶԵĸ֮϶ʱ䡣
׼ʲôʱǰʵ
ѾܹģĸӦһطڣֻȻħǿ߹ͬƶģôҲȥùͷ
һǧԺɣʱ䣬һɽҲҪڻˡС˵
һǧʱ䣬͹һ£ʱ˵ǿá
һǧʱȻҪȹԼĸ̫죬̶̼֮;ͳΪɾصǿߣ̫ᵼ¸ȣ׼úһ˳㽫Լܹõõķһ
ڴɽΪǿķڵʵҲõһɽᷴɡ
̬ȵЩ׽͸΢΢̾˿
֪֮ʿ֪࣬һĴڵʿԲСĴʼ鱦һĹ̸һ鱦жôǿΪϵʿҲö֪
˵ڱ̫ʱڻҪңԶʱոγɵʱ̸Ѿˣӵſٵصһȥܻһ硣
ͽɾصʱ򣬸˺Ҳ⣬һǰ
ɵдˣҲ֪ԼȥʲôĿġ
ʵû̫ļɵ㲻ǹ̸Ķ֣ܻпܵġ
һֱͺ޵ŽǾҲʱȥǸһˡ
ɾأŽҲ޷ֵġ
֮ǿӵɰصʿӵɾǿߵȴֻôŽȻǲ⼸֮С
֪ŽΪߵҲذˣҪŽǾͬһô򵥡
ͽһöȼ֮һͷֱ
ͬˡһĴ󺺵һЦˣ鱦һĹ̸
ڤڤ֮Уͷ·ǿһׯһľͷһƬޡ
û룬ͨʿǺҵڵġ
úҶĸʱ¥֮Уһǧʱ㹻ɾˡͽֳݣֱ𽻸롣
˱һ壬ѾͻƣôҲ°빦ˡ
ɾءӦɾ۷ɡͲ²˹̸ʵ
ʦ߳һЦ
ߣΪоҲ¶һ˿֮ɫ
߾ȻҲѾﵽɰ۷ĵزʱп̤ɾأ
ⶼǳϵչˣߵһЦ˵ϵʱ¶˳羴֮ɫ
ܹ°˶۷ˣҲ뿴̸Ǻηʥˡ
ʦɡͻȻ֮гһš
ܹõϵټʦҪסᰡĽĿͣ·õ̸ټ˵Ƕô˵һ㡣
Ҫ֪ɾصǿ߰һʿҲֻƽ۽ѣ̸
ͻǵ˵ͷ֮С
ѵŹϣǰľʱˡ
һޱȾ޴ӰӰﻹһͭһĶ
̸۾ʱЩʹ̸֮ϵĹâȻ޷ֱӡ
㵨Ӻܴ񶼲ҿ̸һۣȴʮ֮һʱ䡣޸֮£һĴ󺺵һЦ
͵һЦûв´Ļ˰ɡ
õˣӻǴ󰡡̸Ц
ɫһ䣬ȴûκεľ⣬ڰǰô˵ͻɵѣڣѾɾصǿߣ֪Σɱôġ
Ҽǵõ괿ʱηηģͬǵõˣ໹Ǻܴġ̸վһĪѹ˲ѹ
ʹɾػЩ
֮ǿһǺ֮Ȼǲ˲١̸ǿֲѹ˲ʧĸɸɾ
ѹ̸жϳɾǿ֮ǿ
̸ǿҲЩľƺѾǳɵļޣɵľˡ
ѡ⣬Ҳѡ˵̸һۡ
ѡ˱죬Ϊ̸˵Ҫʵġ
̸˵˺ܶ࣬ӱ̫ʱڻҪңԶĻ֮пʼ˵ʱ鶼飬һӵŻصΪСĶɰصǿߣ΢ǿľɾأǿľ൱ɾˡ
̸֮ΪǿһˣΪ̡
ʵͨ죬ֿһƬֻΪ磬ֱΪ磬磬ɽ硣
ݻһΪҲڵħ磬ɽȴ
ȥһǿҲȡ֮Ǹ壬ҲħȺ
̫ʱڣ̫ʥһ֦㣬̫ͨʥ֮ǿߣ֮Ҳֻһ֮ңˣϧһ·̫ʥȫѪͼһʧˣ̫ʥҲˡ
̫ʥ֮󣬱ǸŸ֮ɱħҲ춨˻ĸ֣һֱ쵽ڡ
̸·һԹߣƿ˵ħʷҲǲ֪̫ʱԺޱȵ̫ʥ徹ȻǻԼ˵С
֮·׼ˣ̸͡Ҫ׼ʵ
ɾӡ̸˵
ˢ̸һһ漴һ⾹Ȼĵ֮У֮ľ׻ʽͻȻĽСҲǼĲš
ǡһ
С׵ΪȻֱɾصĵز׻ʽѾΪһ鱦һңһеĸıǹ̸һâˣ鱦һıȻ鴫


939 Ļ
ⷨʲǷȱҲʱĴˣҾͰһѣܷ֮ɾͿԼˡ̸һӣͷӦʱѾ֮ˡ
̸ʵѾԶԶ͵ѾǳԽɼµǿˡ
ˣһӦ˴ﵽǸɡ̸գһ̾Ϣ
磬Ҹоں֮ǰȫһˡС׼Ŀ͡
һС׷ʵĸı䣬С׿˵Ѿһڴɽ鱦ˡ
̸ǰ档ɽҲЩԾ
ڹ̸֣ҲЩ˼顣
ֻҪй̸ڣưħҲʲôܵ飬ʹħĵһǿ߰ҹħڹ̸ǰҲδռʲôˡ
Ĵȴ֪ҹ̸ҲǼٳʿǰƺһºȤ
ǰˣ֮һͷ¡
ԭǰ͵һЦͷ֮з˽
ǰ֮ǰҲ̣ʵ
˵ͷҼǰˣȴʼûнһ硣
Ǹ磬֮𣿡Ц
ǰɣħʷҲֻ˳ɹһ˾ṇ̀ڻ֮Уɾ۷ľǿߣǿһ磬֮еǿߡ˵
ˣһṇ̀һ˱Ǵˣһ㶡
ȻǺ֮㣬챦ȴʤЩ˲֪ϼһټйǰŷɽ磬Ϊڶˡ˵⻰ʱʵЩɬһ󱲸ϳҲʲôζ
ǰһң²Ϊ˺Щɣ͵һЦ
һΣ˵
⻰ʱҲһ㶣ǳѾõǿߣ֮ǰѾɾص۷ǿˣȻո̤ɾزһʿ֡
ͬɾأڼҲž޴Ĳģһɾؾͣ˰ǧʿһո̤ɾصʿ֮ʵȫͬһϵġ
˵츳ոͻƾͳԽһЩɾصǿߣɾصǿ֮ҲһĴڣԺͰҹħǿڡ
ǰֻʵ΢²ԳΪǰѡίܾˡ
ͺ֮䲢ûʲô飬ҪҲֻԼϤģСͺܲ
͵ľܾû˵ʲô
ǿʵԼˣ͵ͻȻͻȻһҲ޹ʹҲֻǳڽʹ;ܾҲʲôӰ졣
صɳ֮ͺչأҲǽ֮Уʱ¥ʱٵܹǧʱ֮ڳɹɾأʱҲڸǿԱˡ
ڱڤ֮Ͽգһ𣬾Ȼڤ֮ˡ
־ܶǿһûмڤܹ֮ڤ֮ĺͲڣɾصǿ߶޷쵽顣
ڱڤ֮Ͽճһֻ޴۾ˣһǧˡ
棬ӭع飡һʱ̣ɽ֮ڵӦ׷׳
оζˣһˣ
硭Ÿߵ˾һ㶡
ɳ˲١˾һЦʱ˾ѾصΪʤ˾󲿷ֵĳϡ
޾֮˾Ϊķɿ졣
ǧںϣɾ۷壬Ǹˣҵĸɡ֮УһЦ
ħ֮УʱħѾ޳սʱ޿̶ˣħ֮ΨһһĿҲֻаҹ۹ˡ
еħʿ֪һҹ۹֮ħһǿ߰ҹħֶۣħ۵ĴҲıܿһط
ˣֶҲΪ۷ˡֶħ͵۾˰Ѫ֮ѪҲڴﵽԲľ硣
һǧʱ俴ܳǶЩѾվ۷ǿ˵һǧҲͽһʱˡ
ڤ֮Ϣ磬ⱱڤ֮϶һıɽ
ô£ͨ쿪ˣôӰӶԽԽıɽ켱ˡ
˵ͨһٶʱ䣬Ƕ˹˭һô
񣬺þòһռͨɴŮӴӿռ֮ͨ߳
ҹħۣþò񵭵һЦ
Ͱҹħ֮ҲΣ˵ûзֳʤǶǰҹħռϷ磬Ҳͳɾ˰ҹħħһǿߵݡ
ߣһ
ǽСҪǲһ㡣ĵһЦ
ˣ˵ʲôһŭֱֲ֮
Χɾصǿ߶˼֮ĳԹǿɲȥ
֮ǿ˲٣ֻǻǲָһ㣬һͻȻǰ֮ȫ
һӡħӡһ£¶һ˿
ϻֲܿɫһϡ顣
飡æſ֮ħӡ
ȻһħӡûиʲôʵԵ˺ǽһħӡͱƵǿһ۱֪
ְôĻ档
δȵһŻѪζ
ֶħۡŨѪζɫ䣬һڵȻѾۻˡ
Ѫ֮һΪȻҪǿ֣̲ס˼
ҲЩľ֮ȻѪǰܵѹƣ
ɹˣûǰĵĺһ
˻ڳĶɾصǿߣͨʿͲˣʱ̲סһ
ֶħ۵ʱ¶һ˿ɻֶħȻʵǻڴﵽֵزҲ֪ʲô취ô̵ʱ֮ڽԼΪ־硣
Щǿڱڤ֮ǵʮ꣬Ȼ͵Ӱ
ʱͻ֮С
˵ֻиһǧʱ䣬ǽʱ󣬸͵ʱǧ꣬˶ʱͽԼΪ۷塣
۾һɲǣ·ضһ
ɾ۷壬ٶʵ˾һأͲ͵ĸı䡣
͵һЦǰҲ׼ȥڤ
ôãһҲûκεˣϷҲҪһ˵֮֮ΪǿɽǺģһЦ
ҲˣһͨʱҲˣչصʱͷСһѾ켱ˡָָڿС


940 
ڵˡԶĸС㵭һЦ
һУֻǺ嫿ֲѹҲ̲סһ
ǧʱ⣬͵ĽѾԤϣû뵽ǣҲɾأѾ糹ȹ
СĻ˵ʵҲ൱ľ˵ġ
ҹ󹫣þòͿžվһԵЦЦ
ͺҲվͬһ֮ϣԺ̸֮Ҳûʲôнġ
ҲǵһЦòʵǰ
ƽĶۣҲû뵽͵ĽȻôת֮ѾΪ˺ƽƽĴڡ
ϻͲҪ˵ˣνаɣѾһɥġһ
ĿڳȻҲޱȵĿȴɵĹؿڶûԽⲢʵУǿʵ̫ͨʱ˺ıֲĺ˲ͶһУǿҲ޷⡣
һؿھͨһָָͨѾðı
Ҳǰľڤ֮ѾᣬⶳԴͷһ
֮ɢĺǬ滹Ҫǿϼ֣ԼĽ۷׶޷ڻ
ȻɼֱʣҵѾΪвȻ档΢΢̾˿
͵˵ͷ֮·֣ʹӵ˵ȱҲı
ǵ˶ʮ꣬һȻĵײһĺĶѨ
һԥĳһѨ֮У
ÿһζֻһͨƣͻᱬǾǱˡ
һΣǵֱȫҲûı
Ǽһ˲䣬һɫֱ֮͵ĺģ
Ҿ֪㲻ôġͺһһ֮顣
ڷ֮ʱûɱ㣬ǱĴ󣬲ûκεĻᣬǵķĹһ
ڷɱңɱˡЦһ׻ʽӦ
׻ʽһ͸о˲ޱȹϵϢȻЩļ¡
һǧʲôŭǳѾõǿˣͲһո̤ɾصʿˣȻһоѹ
͵ľ׻ʽ˹̸֮ϸǴ˹̸һ˿Ϣ
̸Ϊħһ鱦ʵӹɵģ׻ʽֻ֮Ǵһ˿̸ϢǶɾǿ˵Ȼһв
򣡡
֮򣡡
ʲôǶΪ֮һ
;ȻѾ
췣֮еľ׻ʽһ١
һȻԼȻһ˿ѷ졣
ʵ̫˼ˣǴ˲֪ϹˣѾޱȵļ̣ûκζܹҡĵġ
ȴ쵽ˣ췣֮췣⽣֮֮еʵʻ
⽣֮֮Уʵôǿ󶼻ܵ췣вʹټҲԵֵ죡
򣡡еľ׻ʽһλӶ
һĨɫĹâ̴˺ɫҹգ
ˣ͵Ľ֮ѹ
Сӣƣŭ
ָһ㣬ʱӰͱǧâûˡ
һ࣬Ȼûʲô˺ۣǱƿԼҲһСĴ


941 
֮Ҳһ֮Ұʹɱ¾ʱһԵĺˮ֮ðһӰ
ͣǺֵΪλһӰֵ˲䣬һɫĻʹ˳ȥ
Ҳûκεľţӭ۷ף𾪵һĻˣ۷׾ȻֻǴ˵壬ȴûиκε˺
˵ͬˮһĲ͸ԭˡ
鲻򵥣üͷһ塣
͵Ľ۷׵ѾԻһˣȴûжκεá
֮ˣһ֮УǾ־ܰɣСһһֻѹ
ֳֻˮɫ·ˮɵһ㣬͵Ľâ׵Ĵ̴һֻ֣ȴ޷٣ÿһֻˮɫĴ־ͻḴԭ
ˮ֮ĻˡСüͷһ塣
ôͽˣĻ֮ˮ֮ˡͺ
ˮƣǿҪԼıˡ
ǰѾˮ֮͸͵Ľ۷׿ҲУҲֻСܹĻ֮Կˡ
Сһţһɰ쵵Ļʱ
⡭һ㶡
Сһڻںʮ֮𣬿ֲǻһҲǴ´ˡ
Ҳǻ飡󾪡
ںʮ֮֮Щڻ֮еˡ
ˮ֮򣡡ҲԹԵˮ֮ʱſ
С⣬֪֮Ļ֮ҲѾȫſʮ֮Ϊý飬ʮ𣬿ֲĻʱѹסˮ֮

ûзֻ֮ĿԼСɣ֮һһĽ٣ڼ˰֮Ҳʧ֮С
ڵĻ֮ҲС֮УСԴƺҲֲˡ
ౣھǰ֮ĵطһͷͷ񷢳һһɫսͬʱնľŸͷ­
ɱˬ죬Щջɱ黹Ҫáֶħ촽
ҹħһƾͽһͷ׵Ĺĳࣺ⣬֮вٻ鶼쳣ǿʵȻǣδǵĶ֡
ҹҲ̫С˰ɣ֮ɽ½ҲδǵĶˣǷȱֻǰɽͨˡֶħۺٺһЦ
ɣûҵɽ֮ͨǰϣ㻹ǽһЩͲˡĺһ
ø֮ڵĻ֮ҲܶɡԶױ֮еľ޵һЦ
һͷɣóٿ׵磬նɱ֮ڵĻ֮Ҳܷḻ١
֣һ£̫˶ʱ֣һʱ綼ڲ
ԭһͷϧˣĻ֮Ҫˣһһλε
ͨͷ­ʱء
罣Ķеһ
鱦ڶ鱦罣ǽڹ̸鱦Ҳ̣ͬڻ֮еı
Ҳֻεı׵иƤ
ŨĻ֮Ҳ̰ļȡЩ֮
ɱֻɱԽ࣬õĻ֮ŻԽ࣬ɵĻŻԽ
Ľɱ֮ɱ¾֮ĽıԽ֪֮ͨڵĻ֮ռһҡ
ɱ¾˰֮ãڼҲһЩΪǿĻ飬ҲǾһľ棬ǳ˹
ǿҲǷǱѰڴڼ䣬̫С
ҲˣѾս
ǲĻһ˻ǻ֮ǰʿһ˳磬ΪǵľѾٴ֮ˡ
һ֧Ȼ㼯֮Ϊǿʿ֮Уɾصǿ߲Ƕ⣬֮ҲʱпΣա
ңסһͷ֮е׵ʱ
ԼΪ˶ƣ˵һ׵硣
䣡ҵ徹Ȼֱӱһ󶴡
ܽסһǺܲһֳ־޴Ӵƶ֮߳
𣿡ͺһ
ǰʿѹ͵ĺЩѹ֣˵ʵ̫ǿˣ֮ǰκһ˶Ҫǿ
ڻ磬ڻ֮Ҳһǿߣȴ֮У˵ֻҪܹڵ֮ڵĻ֮ںϣҾͿԳɣ뿪硣Ƿ·ڿϵһ㡣
𣬿ڵĻ֮ҲҪͺһֽʱʩչͬʱ֮Ҳѹ˹ȥ
֮ǿѾκεĴ⣬һѹ׵ľС
ûõģЩǿ˻֮е֮׶ǹƹܣ񵭵һЦʱ
ãߣ󾪣ǿĲ񻰰ֱ˰
ߣ°ɡЦһض׵磬һŹġ
֮д̫ˣѾС磬ɻںҪ뿪СĻ磬Ϊɽȥ
Ӱأһһ
ɾضѣҪ˵ң㻹ꡣһ۾Ϳ͵Ľָסеĳ׹һֲ׵͵ࡣ
ӷ𡣡嫣һ£ֻԼڵʧһ㡣
޴Ϊʱͨܵڻ磬ڵܹ󣬼ʹʱͨҵ˰ҲûκεӰ죡Цһһĳͽѹ
һ˦ĸʱӳ
ģЦһֲ׵ۣĸδͱһ׵ɢһ鱦˲ͻˡ
ָġһ̳

ˣ
⣡
˶ʩչԼǿһûӣΪǰ˭ҲӲ䱻һ׷ɱƴһ
׷һѹ¡
࣬ˣͻȻЦֻһ̱˦ߣ֪ĶͷҪ˿һ̡
ûκεķܹ˵ʵԽɽˣֻûҵһͨˡ
ʹɾصʿﶼϣֻϷˣĶˡ
һƣΪܹ̻顣
û뵽ǣһ׵֮Ȼͬƹ֮һĸı֮ϡ
ô£ҵ󾪣ӵеȻʧ
ʲôԼȻһӲˣѾסе
̡ǹ̵ġûü˵ͱ̳׵ˡ


942 
ǿɾصǿ߶޷ӦԵȻСС֮ϣ޳ЩʱϹһʱҲ޷Ӧ
һѣû뵽ĳɹˡҲǳһ
Ҳоϧʼûʲôɹ
֪Ҳܹ׵磬Ƕôֲ׵֮ա
ûһʼʩչҲʲôֶΣǵԴչֳԼıʱ;֪ˣʱֻҪ̣ôûκεĻѡ
ʵҲôˣˡ
ʲôȻǿ߶޷ֵҲ档
ܹǿߴܣ̿Ҳڻ鱦һġ֪ˡ͵һЦ߶̣ոȡȫԼ֮С
˻ǿֲͼæ̵ϵȡһͲűˡ
նɱõĻ֮൱ֲģڵѾȫͻ֮ںһ
ΣԽرԽߣս֮ΪΣյˣõĻرȻҲԽߵġ
˾ǰʼ֮ڵϵ
һӾǧ꣡
ϵ֮вļ֮УҲõ˲ٵϢ
͹ͬһʱڵĻ飬ʵ֮ǿѾﵽĵزͬǿĻУľˮ缸ħֻЩħѣڹ֮̿ʱɱΪ֮ΪԪأΪĻʯ
֮Ϊǿǧħ񶼳ΪĻʯҲΪӹһ١
̻֮ͱѺ˻֮С
еһ̾Ȼǹ̵ıΪ뺵ƬǡǶӦһԣҲֻ˵ǵù
ΪעͨɽͨȴûκεϢ
֮õѾ˼ޣȫѾΪ˸ΪǿĻ֮ɽȻƮĴڡ
䣡޴ͻȻ׹䡣
ô£һʵ㲻Уûκģʹܹ֮ҲԲࡣ
ܡ񡭡һĨͳ
񡭡Ϳ֮Ҳһ㶡
ʱڵҲȫΪ˻֮ʵͻͽ
û뵽û뵽С㾹ȻҲܹҪɿգڵһжҵġٺһЦ
Ҳû뵽ȻὫԼߵʿɱ㹻Ļ֮Ϳʼ֣ӶڵĻ֮
飡׻ʽͻ罣һӲӲ
ϣ׻ʽӦϡ
ڶ鱦ӲӲ׻ʽǷȱ˺ܶࡣ
֮нڵȫΪ֮ҲҶˣҾܷɽ磡Цһеһ
͵ĺˣĲϻǳһѪߡ
ĺܿ죬һξûôõˡһĳ
Ҳǲܣ߶ڵĻ֮ƴһơ
꣡͵ĺұȴǺȻըѡ
͵ˣһֱײָ£ᴩؿڡ
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Ǹѣκβң߶ԼڵĻ֮罣һն͵ұۡ
һӡħӡһҲһӡڡ
ħӡģ㻹ˣ㻹ûнڵתΪ֮㲻ҵĶ֣Цһ
ԣҲˣֶħۺٺһЦһŵҩֱ˳ϵ˿ڴڡ
⡭Ѫ񵤣һ㶡
ֶħһŭ̺ħѪ񵤺Ȼ
æڵĻ֮ѹΪܹκ𣿡
İɣⵤҩֻںħѪ۰ˣ㣬ֻȾڵѪˣӴԺͲˡ
ҪŭӣѪΪ߹ģһۻˣ񶼲֪ʲô
ô꣬Ϊ˽ܹɽ磬ۿԼܷɽˣȴôһ顣
ˣֶħеĳ¡
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Ļ䣬͵ѾıΪһ£֮ʱӿ֮ڡ
ɱҵģǶɱҵġһƣֱӽ͵İӶˡ
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飬ң͵һ˵ǰչֳ顣
ȥɣˣеĻ罣͡
һССӰˣֵܹסĻ罣˹̸֮⣬Ļ罣Ϊǿ鱦
ž٣
龹Ȼ罣ˣ˻֮ҲȻһҡ
죬¡ȡ˴ĵҩע͵塣
֮֮ΪԴǴﵽ˵ѪľҲֵסѪĭ
İɣ˵ġĵһЦһɺ嫵Ļ֮ע͵壬޲塣
ΪħһǿߣڵĻ֮Ҳޱȵĺ嫣ԲҲֻһ֮ңˡ
˭ûע⵽ǣɢڵϵ龹Ȼܵһ˿âǣһһĿ͡
ͻȻ䣬͵Ŀ֮ʧˡ
ʹţһһĸԭѪʹȴܾĥ
Сѣô꣬ˡһľ޺͡
磬СҲǵҵĴУֿɲҰһ췢ʿһЦ
췢ӵһЦ飬һɫɽ˳
ˣ㻹ţɽһ㶡
Ͳ췢üͷһ塣
ֻ̫ˣˣҿǺġɽЦ
ӿе飺˵ʧŻ䷲磬ȴ⺢˶ɽ磬һһģ֮ƲⰡ
ҵȻǷɣ֮ػ޷Ʋ⡣֮˱ʧ͵ߡ
֮Ҳǲˣֻ廹޸֮Уûκж
ֻɽۡ
ɽ磬ɽ𣿡¶һ˿Цݣ˯˹ȥ
ȫ꡿
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