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ݳǴһٺСǣǷƬƴ½Ҳһˡ
ݳ䲻󣬵ڴȴԶ
֮ΪӳǶֱв֮ȴһ׵
һʮﳤغɶᴩݳǣֵͷһСۿڣͨ׵ͷƽ߶һСɽ£ɽϺȻһƬϻͥǳŸפء
Ÿݵ۴αȣɫɸ߿Ĵһòʯٽʯ̨ԶĴֻȥһɺΰɭȻ
ݳǴԻ̡¥ջӵ̳¿
вһԲгΪڶھóĳأƽʱҲۼŸɫ˵ȣ߭ò֡
ʱһ㳡һȻΧһȺˣȺмиƵ˵ˣǰľݿһ̲裬־ȣһС塣
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СɥȪ˰ɡ߰һ̾ϢȻ˼ײ֮£һ뵱ͯлǲһ˿֮ġ
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˵Ȼ֣֮ȴŴֻ֣Ҷ˼ʴ䣬ĳֳīɫ
īڣճ쳣·һĹ졣
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ʱ׵ĳƬɽϣһȺΧһȦĴţȦһʮֳ꣬һһĿ࣬ľ޺ڶԾš
ΧȺòأ˰ϱۣȱ䣬˲׵ҲװΣΨһͬĵطҸµӡǣ׵˵ǡ
Щ˸ʮ㣬ձòеĸ·һЩ֭ĨϣͿϰ߲ɫʣԼȫһҰģ
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ڵϵ˲䣬ȴǰ顣

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׵ӵĻӰ죬⵺ϵﶼǾòپְ¹ٶȳ˼һס¹ֶʧˣ˵׷ˡ
꿿Լ˵ٶȺݵ֣׷ֻ¹Ѿһˡ
ֻ¹ƬֱԵʱ˲Ͳһ飬Ϲۣһ
ಡһǰֻ¹˲췭һƬҶӵĲݴ
һ˹ȥ׷˴¹죬Ҳƣˡ
ʱǰݴȻܳһϺ󵶵Ŀ޺һһһǰİ¹󣬶ʱϲû뵽ֺ¡Сӣл㽫ⶫ޺Цһѽ¹ڼϣȻҲתߡ
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û˿Σֻ޺ͷһҽУ˲Եϡ
ֻ°͵ͷȻһѷ죬ѪӿۿѾһϢˡ

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ͫ΢΢һͷȴٺһЦ
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ɽϵͻȻһ˾֪İ
ǽʱ֮Χ˷ܴ壬˿м䵹ˡ
ʱһ̺۵ʮӣȺм˳һѽڵصȻֲȺһԲȥ
ͷͶ۶˶Դȴ޶ãһۡ
ȻưӮˣϼһưˡͷĿˡ
ߣ²˵Ҳ֪
ζԾڱصõģΪ޺ӮСƨ⣬ŰϼֵξսĶעû뵽ȴʧһĿһת˳мľ޺ϡ
޺ڵʱѾûˣֻܷ
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޺ˣ˫۴Ű飬ͬʱһֲֻΡΡ̧𣬳ȥ
ȴ¶һ˿֮ɫȻһץס޺ͷһִγ̵䲱һĨжȻһٴ
Ժ㣡
һݻʹڳˣͷҲصﳤȥ

ϣ׵ĳɽȣɽϿƮŨŨĺƣ˿ǿաưѵ㡣
һϪˮӹɽǸ߲ʵ¾ڣߵ¶ϸһľͷĲtϪˮ¸һľͨУصԱҹšûţܽС
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ҪǵǬ棬ҪСƨɱݾƺˡ󺺾ƺ˵ţ˹Ц
Ǭ壬ҪɴСΪʦŶҾѧ֤СԺ׵һ˵
˼ϢʹŲϡǵ͵Ĺ򣬻ѧء˳Ū˵
һ˭˵ûоѧ˭ҪһүưԹµĶ֡
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ʯϣãţԲѣͷϲѴѵ亹



εһ֣еۣŮһģ塣Ҫ߽һ㿴ʱȴȻֵļЦĹϣʧɫʼӡ
ڴʱȻоѣһۣȴһ̺۵ĳªףǬ塣
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ȻʱСȻļǵøձ͵׵Ǹڝҹ
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ץˣƺһĿĴ󺺣ֻǰ񱼣˿󣬴󺺼ߣԱϰٺӵȺΧؿŷš
ֵǣүԻһֻϡҰôүҽ鲻Ͱѡóӡ󺺶Ⱥ˵ѱߵȺһ
ͬʱȺһ˫˫̰ۻ˫ֽסһͬʹ߿Уҵһ
ԱҲĥҧ׼Сʬ⡣
Ϊ׵ǿʳ淨£һЩΪײɥΪ֮˵Ѱ֡
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˶ΪѰСˣû뵽£ǸСûбԵһŴ󺺻粽롣
λĴǬ塣

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ĿӻתǰǬ壬ͻȻһ뱧ǰӵĳ嶯Ȼ£㶫ȴδ˵κһлĻ
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伮֮£˫Ƚ棬ַϥϣʴƣ
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䣬Ǳߺһһ֧ɫļʸɴпүš
ż֮Ǻ
֮ƹವطɳһˣ໴еĿүһأô˻һʢƹȵ˱ƵĽڽںˡ
ţ
ͷ󺺼ˣһŭȡ
æľеĳһ
ľŴмʱѿһ϶ԽԽ󣬵ǡԡһ󣬾ĪĿˡ
˻ȴѾͷƻˡ
ô˻ᣬѻ㼯ɽȶͷһˣļɽȼ
ưԱ׷׵£һΪҪؿڵͷڳʧأ̤ŷӵϡ
ɽȶ±ϣ˫ֲУ̰ҹһĲǡ
ڶ˴һеʱľݷͻȻһ𣬽ŴƬʱ䵹ǰ߰ˡ
һ֮£׷ͬһЩʯͷʬһʱ䵹Ҳ̫ˡ
˫ٴֽ׶Ρ
ڶһĪչ֮ʣһŻҰɽͷǰ˵죬ԷסȻľݣû𹥣ȫưˡ

ʱƹȵĳľУͷҲæټλҪʿֶԲߡ
һλıʿ˵Ȼڵǿ£ҵֻعڣԵҲǳ֮ơΨһİ취ٻǬ֮˻Ԯתս֡
ⲻϻǬԶϼһδ飬˭֪ʲôʱҿŸ˻ƴءӶѶһֻڳݾơ˵ǿүһؿڵļˣ߷߲ƽ˵
ǾͿûа취ϵȥϼԵˣʵڲУǻغɽϵʯУӦÿ㹻ʱ䡣Ӳ˼˵
ͷͷһͷһ׳ֵܣȥ־ṦϳˣֵҶڡ
һȺϼţֻͻȻһ
һ֮£â̽⣬ȴƹȻͨһŵĻĴʸӶ˴߷
ˡ
һĵ飬ڷˡ



ƹжľݣһֻ󣬶ʱʼȼ˴Ũ̹
ļһ￪ʼŻˣľѾܴˣصʯϵɽΪáӼ˵
ͷϵƤⶶһ£۾ĿϿȶ棬Ŀ͸˳޵Ĺâҹ˺һգưôĻҵȫˡ
֪ͨˣصʯеĴʯҲúǳͷ󺺱ϾΪһ֮ܿѹеŭݺݵ
ǡӴӦһϽż߳ȥȥˡ
ϴȻЩԸڹͷ󺺻֮£Ҳʵʵĸ˳ȥ
ܿ죬һӶӵưڿʼɽȺȥûڵɽ֮С
죬ưѾʼɽˡϿȶ棬ɽӵͷڶ˵
Ǻﾫ񾡳СۼˣԸưȻֵҲ˵ֵܣܽеô˳ĹһЦԱߵһӿ˹ȥ
ְ׳Ŷͷ¶ĵı顣
ߣһȥƹȵĵ̡һ֣Դ˳˳ȥ
˿ʼ֣Ҳæɳ̧֣żӣſں͹ȵһһУڵƹȵĵ̡
ͷ˲ʬ壬кģҲưġƹڣѾһӰֻЩδȼĻǵ㣬±ǺѹѹһƬ
ܵĵͦ죬ȥ˷·ʯȥؾеʯ°ͣг
˵ͷͽƹȵĵ֪һ
ЩҲһȥʯ̵ģŵʱֻǵ˺档ǣٲǴƹȺ󣬱һĺôվԶļСЦ˵
ɽͷӦһʼ֡
ݵͷ˵ɽȺ󷽵±·ȥ±һС·мһΪĴ
ͷȺֳ··ƹɽȳʯȥһ·ֳֶƣ±мĴ·Ӳȥ
ɽ֮Уսһα¡¡һ죬һſžʯӺڹ¡˵±ɽй
ɽ·ϸûܣֻһöƵֵµľʯһʹùѵǰšʱвҽƹȣϪл첻ͣ
ʮվͷûвս
˽ȻңҲռţưӸ£ռ˵ƣһʱ䣬սֽһ
±ϵһɽУͷص߶ţ쳣
ûãһŲĺֽΪС˽
ˡմһͷæ˵
ãֵܣסڣҽͷ󺺵˵һǶ˵ġ
պڶڣͷһ֣߽ɽת䣬ߵ˾ͷһʯҡ
ʯ֮һʯʯʣӦǹͷ֮أǽϻһѡ
кηԸһ˿˵
ѹɽȣҰǲ֮١ҽҪǰȥǬͯ˱ţ֪ͨٸԮͷ˵
˳ɵĻ࿴һۣ¶Ȼɫ
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ԸȻɽѾռˣôȥոʻ˳ɵ˵
ҼȻǹȻзǳȥͷŲæ˵
ȡѣͷƿ˿ǽʯһ͹ĵطʯﰴȥ
һ̶ȴصġʯҵǽϻѿһںĶڡ
˼ΣԲ˫ۣС۾æĵƹô꣬Թڵĸֻغ͵ΣҲϤԤϵھȻд˵ܵǴ۽簡
ͷţֻ΢΢һЦ
˶ֱͨɽ֮⣬˶ֱǰߣͨɽ֮⣬ֱߣɼͨϼֵСˡֻһͨιһٶ˵ȫˣ֣صĶ
Ȼͷһһ˶
˶ȥ֮󣬹ͷأֽں£תȥ
ȥи𸱰ҡͷڣŵպӷԸ
պӴӦһ˳ȥ
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һϲȻ֪ͷô˳ȥģ֪Ȥûжʡ
еĵ֣ƴסɽֻҪټּʱǾоˡͷĴ˵
Ӧһ˳ȥ
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һֻ¶˽ɫıʿҰ׺ͷߣ˵˼仰
۾һưţѾͶ·ҪĿͶ
ճ±һʯͻȻֳһĹͷ󺺷߷ߵ˵¼˰ܸҰϼ֡Ұ֮͵ϮҪ̵ưɡͷסһӲ£һ⼤һڷԡ
ͬʱɽһǡ
ꡰৡƿն£ҲùػڵƲ죬·硣мҽŴӶ͵ɽ·ϵȥ
ȻŭȻγһһԵʮ˳˳ȥɽͷϸͷ
Ĳսʹɽ֮еĺɱ̸
һľݺ棬һư󺺵ʬڵϣ˿̺Ķһ£һӰ
ɽȾһ죬Ѿµư²սʱСһʬ档
ɽ´һۣĺɱһ߹һ
ɽ֮У˿ֻһЩǵĻ⻹ȼգߺܰĺܡ
΢һŲŸڻĵĳͷ˹ȥ
˿ƹȵսѾɽת˺󷽵ɽ֮ϣطԵЩž
ͷ֮ϣֳֻѣĿܡ
ڰֻˣɫʱһϲ
Ƭ֮͵һҧ۷صɽȸأϵһѵ
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λֵܣѹɤӣ˹ĺ
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а̾ʵЩۣ͵̧ͷһһ׺ĲŴ󺺼ȥͬʱһȵ棬˼ʸһȥ
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󺺷ӦҲǼ죬ӵеĻѣȡһǵ׹һһ˷֮ϡ
顱һһըѶ
һŻɫһԲ档
׵壬ͷ˳һ۾ǰʱһڡ
μ嵽ǰһֻֻס۾һֻһһ£һ⴩͸˴󺺵Ĳ
󺺷պյĽһ˵˵ϣ˫ץסʺͣĳ鴤š
һ֣̳һ˹ȥ
һͺͷҲˣʱ˿ûбۣ˹һһľһӰؿڡ
ͺͷֳֵһľˣһͷһؼ޹ǣȨһ˳ǹ
׵٣󲿷ʹö޹ļª׵Ұ޹ޱȣѰĽ
˷һͷײǹӰУж̽Ϊһâ׼ȷĽסǹͷ
صһǹͷ˿ȥͺͷһǰó档
һ͹ִһȦ
ж̽ΪһΪâֱӵʺȥ
ͺͷĿô˾һгǹһŲƴؿڡ
ĳǹϳһ
һ࣬һŤ޹һһ˼ĽǶȶ㿪һǹǹ˹ȥ
ͺͷӾʱջسǹֵѾˡ
˲۽ͺͷӵǰӰԼٶȽ
Ѫէ֣ͺͷӺͬƿһ󶴣˵˵ϡ
²ͣμţʧɽҹɫ֮С



һܳһյ蹦˿ͣȻ뿪ƹѾжξˣǴ˵ҲǾԵİȫ
ʱͷһûе׷ʱһƹȷܿһЩ⡣
֪ڹֻܱɱʱڵưһѾл˰ɡ
ּһӵĹ򣬽Ųܿոջɱˣ˼Ǳܵ˿ķ֮Ѿʼˡ
Ƭ̺ɫҰ쳣ͷһ亹
ҪҸطϢһ£
̧ͷΧһۡ
ƹһĵΣϤĺܣȻ˿ҹҲϳƹȺϼмһƬ֮ء
ǰԶԼмһ˶ߴʯ۾Ȼһǵ⼸ʯмһʯÿԲ
һĹȥʱһ󼱴ٵĽŲֹһˡ
һݣ˲ϵƣһ˵һԹľ棬ͬʱס˺

ӰӾʮѸٱ˹ȥϼַȥˣδֶڸ
ڰ֮УԼϳһ˵Ӱưһˡ
ҪȥϼǬǡһӱ㷴Ӧ˹дͬʱҲЩ֣ôƹȳģѵһ
ͷתûгסǣվ׼ĸȥ
ڴ˿̣ǰֺĴһʸƿյŴһҽС
о㤣ָ壬һ
ϵˣư˿϶ȥϼֵԶԮһֿ˹
ʯϴ󣡡
ĽȻǹ
͸ľԣǰȼ˼ѣ˴ֵһƬյء
ЩԶֻܿĵطӰӰ´վʮ󺺣˹ǰ棬ΪһڷӣȻǺĸʯϴһӲǹ룬ޱȡ
һ£ղŲɣߵ΢һ㣬˿̵ΧȦľˣ³֪
һ뿪ʯϴһ󣬾һںڵ˳ȥ
ɱ
һҵıȭײԶסɫ
䲻ٿҲ֪ˣ
ȻҽУɱֹܿͣʯϴһ죬֪ʲô
书СĶ֡ڹľУһĵ
ûͨ籨ţưûԮ϶ᱻƣͷһ˴ƨ˵
⻹˵ߣԻƹˣʱѾưĵˣȥܸףʯϴһЦǵ⡣
ʮİ΢ɨһĴ򶷺ۼ˵ʬӵһԣܿ쳯ƹȷȥ
ڹľУһŻ
ʯϴ˾ʹľ˵Ц˹ȥһ־ֻԶ
Щ»ѱ¶мѾˣҹ֮ҰԶûзֶһԵ
ߵԶˣӹľ˳֮ģķԼˣɫҰһƬ¡
ǿ壬һһŲ˲Զʯ֣ܿҵǸխСʯһ˽ȥһЩ֦ݲסڡ
һУѾû˿ڲͣĸеһ˺Ѱʹ
ҧؿ̣ζǱܵʱ䲻մǰľ飬ͦһҹӦÿǿж
ưѾˣҲòһô졣
ô컹ȥϼǬɡͷ˯˹ȥ
һ˯Ļ̤ʵһʶ۾ǳ׵ɵϰߡ
ףǺ㡣תʯһֽţһ
ȻЩʹѾӰжˣͬʱ֫ٺ֮Уһڻͷ·ˮһ㣬ǳ
ǬھȻмɵĹЧϲֻһֽţѾûд󰭣ּһ·ϼȥ
ͬһʱ䣬ƹ֮һƬǽ壬ľݶѾǱչĺۼһ̻Ʈ
սѾȺڷ֮зսƷɽȺ±ϵĸɽҲܿһЩ˽
һҹ֮䣬ƹѾһˡ
±һɽУǰưͷľȴǶ
ͷ죬δƹȣǺʧʮֵܣʮˡ⣬ƹͶжʮˣɻʳɡɽͷϸ㱨
š˵ͷԤ֮С
ƹôҲ׵Ĵ֮һѾǲˡ
ļСҪһսƷΪ֪ͣô㣿ɽͷƵһʵ
ǣǺʱʱǷʱ򡣡˫۱ؿڣ˵
ɽͷͷ漴ֵȻưȴ֪١УԶҲϼ֣᲻ʲô
ưѾڣͷҲһͨ׵ѾûвˡƾϼֵǼҲǷʲô˻ģЩ˲Ǳ׵ϣͷȴ¡ϲЩӦû뵺һЩϧˣЩƹȵľһ߷ҡͷ̾Ϣ˵
˵ˣϹɽȵʱǲƹͷڱɱˣַӦ൱ɵµ֡ɽͷźӣ漴һ¡
Ӧư©֮ɵİɣЩ޹ؽҪС£ҪǾ콫ǺפأӺڷǨƹȣĵǲָܾʵĬһ£֣ص˵
ǡɽͷӦһȥʼ
վɽ֮¶һ˿־ɫ

׵ϼ֣ν֮ΪϼΪ˴һ׵еĸߴľ֦ҶϼģΪÿ
ǰҲΣ·;죬ûñѾϼΧ
̽УСľ䴩š
ϼϢ˺ܶҰޣ쳣˲ԣͬĴ˴ҰҲΪʳ
ϸ۲ŵϵĽӡۼǬǵĲԶϼûй̶ľҪҵǲס
˺ܾãڷһԼĽӡǳϼȥġ
һŽӡķһ·˹ȥ
һ·ûһֻҰ޵Ϯʱ֮һСϪԶӵһӣֽͷ
ôˣͷǾȡ
ͷǬģҹȥɽȷ˴¡æ˵
СӺ󣬼ô֮򵥴һǬڵ˶úûţĻȫ
ƹܺ˹ˣлˡǶʬŽӳġ򵥽ҹ˵һ顣
ɽôһϴŵ̵Ĵʵ
ҾͲ֪ˣӳʱ򣬺ѾɽȺɽʱƹӦѾ˰ɡ˵
ôɫصĺܡ
һǬ壬ϣɫƽƹȵʧݲû̫⡣



Ǭͯڸô죿һӥǺҲǬ忴˹ȥ
ԶǬʵǿЩϼԣҲǲ
ҲĿ⿴˹
Ǭǵ̵Ͽ飬һ˵СȻƲƹѾˣʵϵλ֪ȥƹȿΣɡ
⻰׷׵ͷ
²˳٣ھͳӥǺվ
˺ܿװ̶
±˷֣ǬߵһС·һʱԺƹѾˡ
ͣ¡Ǭһ֣üͣ½Ų˿̼˶ɽǰ֮У͸Ҷ϶ƹȹȿͷܶ
龰жһ
ĿһԴǬھн˺ܶ࣬룬ѾܹƹȿڵӰǺİڡ
ӥǣƺ塣
ֳȿڿһЩӥǼ˲ſǼֳվڡ
Ǻˡͷ˵
һ֪ƹѾ䣬ưҲѾˡ
ȻѾ̽ȷеϢҲڸͣ㵽˸һƬСС
һӥǴ̾˿ưѾˣǼҲûҪһˡ
˴ԣһĬȻ
ưȻڣҲŴ㡣
Щ죬ϼִ˲ٵÿ˷ֵ˲١
λذɡӥǴ󺺹˹֣תϼȥ
Ҳ˸кɢȥ
һֿȻǼ뵺ϵ´ټ棬ƺܴǵзѣʱÿ϶һ˿ķ֮ɫ
Ǭٺһ󣬾ʹյתȥ
ǬҲûҪȥ˴֣ȥ
һֱʱ˲һɽϢ
˱ϵİĳһ
ϢЩңˣǬ忴Ҳĵ˵һѣڻĿš
ƹӳʱˣֻʹؼŽǻɱû
ʹؼǬԣɫһ࣬ת˹
ǵġֵĿǬ壬ӦΪô
ҿǬɫ֣صסһ˿ůӿ룬ڷɿһ顣
Ƭ֮Ǭſ֣Ŀһ˿⡣
Ǭ壬ǲҵ⣿Ǭɫ죬ɫһʵ
û⣬ʹؼѾѹϢӦþָܻ糣ˡǬ建˵
ͣˣ˿Щ˷ܵ˵ⶼǬھİæ֮ڲ֪ôһ˲٣Ҳǰˡ
Ȼ֮ˣǬȴ̾Ϣһüһ
Ǭ壬ո˵ʲôûǬ
ûʲôھԺһҪڼǬҡҡͷ˻⡣
֪ġɫȻ˵
һҹ޻ڶһ磬˼·
գ׵֮
׵֮Ĵ֮ǰƺͺ֮⣬аٶƱֻʣ
һΧʵﻹں֮ϡ
Ǭ壬Ͷǣһɽ긽һɽϢʵ
׵֮ϣƾ޷ģҸո׵ʱһЩ飬ͶǱȽϺõѡ񡣡Ǭ˵ţӻȡһѺɫƤŵСݸ
ʲôֽ˹ʣһԼİɫССӯ֣һȥ档
Сģ⵶ϴϼֲһֻ޵߹ģо綾ⴥʺ͵ҲƤϷɣƽʱʹúЯҲҪرСġǬ嶣һ
Ȼжĵ˵ͷŹǵһ󣬲Сĵ
ɽϢһڶһ磬ھ֮
˹ˡͻȻ˵
Ǭ΢΢ͷȻҲоˡ
һһŲͣɽ֮⡣
λ֪кָ̡һϵ˽
߰ɣȥǬվȥǵֱĵط˺档
ɽ֮վһλߣŻۣɫԴЦ⣬гǸӣ滹һ׳
ʯ֣һһᣡǬߣһ
ԭǬֵͯܡһǬ壬¶˾ϲɫ
ŹϮһֱǬֵİΣ˵Ǭӹ˽٣Ըİʯĳһֱ˴Ǭֵ䣬û뵽ջڴա
ɲңҶ޴ȥͶʯִΪǬЦһ˵
Ǭ˵ﻰƾıϢ׵첻ãȻӭ֮ԣ˵˵Ŀһת
λǣ
Сͽʯ֡Ǭ嵭˵
ʯһ
úãСֵܰݵʦԺǰ;ߺǺһЦ˵
λɡ
ǬڻߵĴ·£պһƬɭ֣ء
ֻ˵滷ɽвʱܿǵҰԡȲƹǰҪĴػɭϣм䲻ʱЩȦѱҰ
һ·ʱܿڣ֮֮ڷ֮ǰƹȿԱȵġ
ŶһɽĿľݣһͷۣĺӡ
ǰҲֻ󺺵ͷ֪С
ԭǶǬֵܣһᣬһᡣƹȵ飬Ѿ˵ˣλȻǾԼֵܡаЦһˬģ
лǬ幰һ
ʯǬֵܺͽܾͽ㰲ˣ绶ӭλֵܡаһӵ˵
Ŀһаֵ̧ʱ򣬿һƬȻҲĳؼ
߽˰˸һʯƹһڵסɽϿɽ
׵֮виֵҰޣҲ࣬סɽ֮Ȼӵİȫ
аҲȻ뿪˵
㲻֪˵ĵϸ˺ţʵ˼թҲᵱˡǬޱ˵
Ǭ˺𣿡üʵ
㲻ϣ֪ʮǰ͵׵Ŀǰ׵ϴʱˡǬ岻֪뵽ʲôЩ̾Ϣ
ʮꣿһӣҲʮҡ
ϣкܶ޷ģղҲǲܣйа飬ͿˣҪ˶죬ϾǼ¡Ǭֶһ䡣
ĬȻͷ


ڰ
ͷǬŷͬʱЩڸЩ飬ԭΪ֪
ģǬüͷһ壬͵͵Ŀ˼ϸֳһ˿죬Ѹٱò԰
Ǭ壬ôˣæʵ
ѣûʲôһֱ·ҲЩ˰ɣȺúϢһϻһۻҪμӡǬ˻֣˵
Ե˵ͷϥһԣʼھ֮
⼸Ȼڸ·;УҲûж
ģھĺôֻҪܹٵĻָϵƣҲԻָ
Ǭ忴ҵͷ£һӣ׵ԵʣɫҲȽϺڣ˱Ҫ׵Ķࡣ
Ǭһ˿ȰָֻܿһĬȻ

ϣڵɽ֮УȼһԴԵ
Ҫվڵˣеڶۼɽ֮Уİˡ
һƽĵϣʯ˴ССʯ̨ɽͨʳˮһٿ磬ɽһƬӺͻ
а֣ǬҲ˱ȽϿǰλãʳĹӾơ
ⶫ׵ϡĶ׵ʣƵĹӣȶ
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ԭſһʱԣ̨֮˷һ
ĬȻ̨Χۻδš
׻ʵǿᣬͽֲӦͣʹʤĻ᲻ɡ
ܹսʤȻ֮õġ˵Ŀȥġ
벻Ǭֵܺ׻ôһԨԴаĿǬһۣ˵
Ҹ׵ʱ򣬺׻һ档Ǭµ˵ͺ˵һѰ顣
ʱ֮󣬰ڵʮվ̨֮ϣ̨µڡ
ʮ˶֮ˣҲһٶʮӱվȺ֮УʮԵΪС
ƶɡʯຣʮǾ̭ʤˣ֮ǰľʮ˵ԳǩʽѡʮˣμڵѰܸ泯˵ţ˻̨֣һľ̨
ľգֻ϶˿һȭͷԲס
ʮǩȾ˺ɫʮγȡõɫǩˣ˳ڵ֮Саվƽ
Ǳ֮ǰѾµģȻû顣
ʮߵľ֮ǰȡһǩ
վڵλǰ˳鵽Ķǰǩܸ֮󣬻ϲվһԡ
̨ѡοʼҵ϶ûġ˿а԰οԼľ֮С
һ˳
еҲһǩ
һ漴Ҳ佻ܸ
һĿϣתͷȥǬվڲԶ߿˹
һЦתߵ̨һվ
һֳǩ˵İԵεڵ֮Уɥ̨
ãΪֹνڵȷʮ⼸ú񣬲ˣ׼պɵˣһڵа˵
ͬһʱ䣬׵棬ƹһīɫĳͬۼһˣЩڣʮ㣬Ǻһɡ
˰ﲻǰƹȣʱʮҲ׵Ѱˡ
ѡǩ˵ķһҲͨʤ߽ڵ
ֻˮԵһտϣƽ桰̨
˫ֽǰվڼ׳ǰ棬ϸۿϵÿһˡ
һֿȭĴԣɱʤ֮˴СУΪ֡
׵ϲʱҲַǷ
ٶų׵ġ󡣡һɽ£棬ɢı磬屪Ẉ̂ϹԴһȺ趯еչ䱾죬Χ֮˷׷׹ƽСã
ٶһһµλֹڵѰһ¡
ǰٶİƣҲǰٶҪ
ҰУʵҲһģǿڵľͷͷѡʵǿֵܽڵеˣӦòɣλΣߴĿת˵
˻࿴˱˴һۣû˵κλ׷׵ͷʾ⡣
ͨȫáǡ֮е׼

ڵɽȣյ̨Եƺûȥֱʱ򣬴󲿷ְڵϻȻ˷ܣ˴̸۵ĻҲ벻ոս̨ԡ
ɽȵһɽ֮У˴һЩ̱ζ洢ҩĵĵطոճԹ㱻˴˴
˵ɣǺ£ʵ
Ҫڵ֮ϣѰһζҩġҲûйĨǣֱ˵˳
νڵԭΪѰһЩҲ֪еջ񣬶ҪϽɰɣ㲻Ϊ͵ذɡԣ¶Ϊ֮ɫ
ȻǣֻҪѰҵＴɣа취Ҫæҡͷ
ҵ˵£ΪҪҩĺǺڵ֮ϣҶһЩ
ȻΥ棬Ǿûд󰭣ҽڵĵġŵ˵ͷ
Ҿֵ֪ǽģҲ׳һƵңϣڵ֮ϵĴ󲿷ֶԶԶıܿ㡣Դϲȡһɫҵݸ
Ȼֺöӹңһ˿ˡ
ڵ֮ϣΪԷıǸС͵Ķ棬ҵǱʲô챦õĶˡ
ˣҪѰҺһң΢鿴֮󣬱֮ʵ
һЦȡһŷƵֽţ˹ȥһһֲ
лɽᣬϲʪ֮
һյ蹦ɽ֮˳˿ɫѾ谵
صסɽ֮УǬѾãû˵
ȻѾҲˡڵѰҪע⵺ϵĸֶޣҪҪСķˣǱ֮ҲҪǧҪСġǬ̾˿ȿ˵
һСĵġɫصĻص
Ҳ֪ǶԻǴСھͲμڵʵЩ̫ǿˡúϢ⽫ҽһ׵úϰҲᷢáǬ廹ҡҡͷ
ΣһԵĵ˵ͷ
һҹ޻ʱһμ
峿ΪڵѰ֮»㼯Ψһһڵľڴһխɽ֮ǰ
֮ϣԾɻƮһЩɫ˿˿ƵƮڰգȴûɢ
ɽ֮УһСֱͨڵɽ֮ȴǿӰˡ
ٶʰѵص㣬ֳվڲǰһʱ̨ԡ
а̨˵ЦȻ˹ϵ̨ϻһϯ
̸֮ʱҡڵĴһȺ̨ȥ
ʵۼһ֮ǰˡа߶վа˸Ƿ˵
˵˵ƤЦⲻЦ˵һ䣬ڿλ
Ȼɶ룬㿪ʼɡ߸ɿһ˵
аԵ˵ͷȻһЦȻûв֮ͬ⡣
ɴ˴βμڵѰ˵׷վ˳˴֮Զͣ


ʮ
վȺ֮УһۣƽյĴŲֻ̫һɫҡ
ϸһ£ת׻ͷȥ
䱳ʮİվƺڸС
Ϊ˷ֹİ͵Ϯ˵˲࣬ǬҲפأûй
Ⱥ֮УӭĿ⡣
˵ͷתͷɽСȥ
λ˴ڵѰһϾУСͨڵΨһһݾɽڵҪλıˣа߻ж۰վǰԡ
ڵղ¶˵뵺Ժ͸һºڵʢλ׼ʱӴ˳ڳڲȻҲٳˡλԽ˼䣬㷵ԭ·ȥ
뵺֮˷ֳŻ˴֮以һۡ
Ⱥ֮߳һϻīɫͼĸߴӣһСҲĽĸȥһײ֮ɫ
ϵǸ׵׳ݣǺһĸ֣ǰưʱԶԶļΣСԲϵ
һݵĿϣһתͷȥһЦſ˹¶˺εɱ⡣
̾һȻվȺ棬ú˸˳
ӺٺЦ˼ûнһĶ
ٶҲŽɽ֮Уͷĸߴĺӣǰٶ
Ҳ߰ɡ˵һ䡣
Ȼûв֮ͬҲһС˹ȥ
Ⱥ֮Уɽ֮һƬݴԼ¶һ̦С·
Եɽ涸ͶƽС·Ѷ룬˴һӣǰһѾ߳ɽȡ
ǰһƬɫʰ쵵ľ޴㵺죬ıƬˮӵУߵһС·ֱͨ档
ԶԶȥïֹľʴĴյƽȾ⻪
ĿԶڵ֮ϣĴҵƯϡһŶ
ϸ۲ĻЩʱڻƶɢĵط¶ɫľмѿĵͨ죬ðۻڵ߸һֱɽ壬һֱʡ
ڴ׵ʮ껹δڵĸصĿ
ɪȻ⵺ȣм¶쵵ĵ棬ɫֲȻջ
ͽһ񿴵´½һϸֳʡ
ڵҲǰ龰
С·һֱ˹ȥڵԵһյʱͣ
ϳһֺ﷢ëݣëݳøצƵãֻһȥֲֹĸо
Ѫ߲ݡһǬͻ⼸ն߹ڵ֮ϵĸֶ涾ݵ֪ʶоᵽֺо綾Ѫ߲ݡ
һ£ͬȥٶȥҲࡣ֮Ѫ߲࣬·δ˷ԣٶˣ̤Ѱ·ߡ
һĿӺȺ䵽ϡ
ʾĵ˻ȥ
Ǹûʲôӡ󣬵ԷȻ⡣
һ˼һһɫǵһ߽Ѫ߲ݴԡ
ϸ̽̽϶ŲСĵ˲ݴ֮С
Ѫ߲Ȼо綾ֻҪƤû̫ˡ
ڼȻ˹ȥŸ
ƬѪ߲ݴĴ˺һ߳
˴֣˶ѾɢˣϾûжϲͱһ̽ͬһɣ˴֮Ҳǻġ
ѡһҪӿŲһԲ󺺴ӺŸ¹ƤµĴ󺺡
ֵܣһڵɣҲûӦһԲ󺺹һЦ
ͣ˽ŲĿԲϡ
ԭ֡һЦ̨ԣԲ󺺵Ѹ似Ϊ̵ӡ
ͺ֮ˣûмס
˽ܣλɷţһĲԸ֡Բƺɻ󣬼æ˵
ֻǿһۣͷű𴦣һмڴӡ
λĺˣһӭ˵
ԲһȻҿ˿սԵ˵ڵûô򵥣һɱ˶ᱦ޿ɱ⣬Ұ㵱ֵܲ£ġ
׸һȻףһһġ˵
ǲʶôȻԸ⣬߰ɡ¹Ƥһ̲ת߿
ȻֵԼౣˡԲȻĴɻ󣬵ǿȷʵͬУֻ̾һҲȭ뿪
ȶԶѡһѸԶȥ
νڵҪΪǬѰܹҽҩģҵ֮ҲϽɰɣȻ˿
ǰûãһïܵĴֳǰ
֮ҰҰʰ쵣ʱ˱Ƕ˺һĿҶҶҶϿջɹһݵѻкüء
˾Ȼȴûзɽ䱸
ů֣Ǻܶ඾涾ϲĵطȻлңҲɴ⡣
ħ٣˼Ϳһô׳ϴһرɫ
ΪܹڵѰҵı֮ǰа˿һڵϧҩʯ鼮
оͼ¼ħ١
۾һĿһתγǵӸһ֦ɡ
ֳɣһ±̵

һ̹һħپһ㣬һסɡ
˿ĿһץɵȻһͬʱ֮ϰ׹һһħٱ㱻
еħڻβڲͣ˦ţпڳ˰ɫҺɢɽ
ɫҺ˸ĵϣ֨֨УϱƳһĺڵ㣬ȻоҵĶء
Ʈˣ䣬еĹǵûһƬɫӰ£һʱس߰˶Σڲˡ
áһϲӱһ֮ȡһ಼СĵĽÿһ
ħһֺо綾ɹ֮ĥɷȴһЧܺõֹѪҩģ׵֮ǼѰ飬ֹܹѪҩ׵֮Ҫġ
û뵽ոսڵʱҵһϡҩݣΪ˷ܡ
պħ٣ȥ
ʱļ죬תۼϦѾʼ䡣
˿վڵһɽȵأ˵ػڵԵش
ֻԲִĳȺɫ̫ںƽϣڵϵ֣
ҹڵ֮жǼΣյģڵԵ
һùϣ֦䣬Ϧźһ
ϦʧóǽЩ֦Ҷڸ߸ߵ֦˸ҹʱҶһҶϡ
ڣҲҹжϮܿ硣


ʮ
Ҳ˯̫ںС;˼֮ӵʮֺһĶõͨԽԼľֳȫ֡
һ뾫˯ߣһ߾ʱ̾ΧһС
ҹ͸ͷ֣ͷ®һƬôҹա
ҹϢǾָ˴룬ʰ»׼뿪һ̾ɫһĳȥ
ֻǰԶɢ΢⣬ԴͣһȪˮԴԴϵĴӵ
ǡ֮ʱסˡ
ΧƬݵأʱѾѰһˣûرķ֡
˴ŹĹλúͷλǰȥ
׹ҹԵĺܣûлѶʱ䣬ҵ˷Դͷ
Ȼһ꿴ƿή׵Сݡ
ϸ۲죬СݲûпήˣҶƬڲԿɫҺ֭һƬ̲ľǹƵΧײݡ
ݾȻܹ׹⡭
ɰĶסˡ
׵֮ȻҰֲﶼȽأֲܹɴû˵ҴײУܸоһ
ѵײݾǻ˵ģ˵еݣ˷ĪɫǺ졣
ڵҪĿΪǬѰҼҩģײǴ˵еݣ˵ĿκǬϵˡ
鼤֮£־ȥãһֱԱ߲֪Ĳݴһ£
⣡
ԺڣæóǬʱĲҩ˿ϣһֱͨķΣ˺һᣬֲָ֪
̲ס˼䣬ǷҪõˣβǬˣҲܶ͹ٸ˻ʳ
ɫǵСĵıܿΧĲݴ̣һһ㽫ڳһɱĸоӿ·ס˱һ㡣
оϲСĽ뱳ϵĿڴ
֮УѾҵϡҩټðײݣ뵺һջķᡣ
һҹ޻ļգԾڵΧѰûóȻڵȥ
ʱ仹磬ڵ޺ܶ࣬ΧȫĶࡣ
ͬһʱ䣬һ߻ӵʬһˮݸѾ͸ˣˡ
ؿһˣ˸ԴѪһأ͹ȻĿ
ʬԱߣٶһһĴ󺺴ӻקһɫзţɫȥ൱˷ܡ
ϸ࣬⵺Ѱұ·СĺӺݺһ»˵ʬ壬Ĵָ˵
ߣɵϲŻȥѰɱ˶ᱦ߸һЦеļҩһգ˺ܿ뿪ˮݡ

ͷһɽݣһ߾Ƶɨܱߵ֣һ߿ǰһŽɫâݡ
⼸գԼļʶôǳ
ڵ֮ϵҩģʮа˾ŶʶЩ״ֲֻҪͷǺܴ䶼Ὣɼ
۲죬ţݣû쳣ȡ˲󣬱վ뿪˵ء
ʱǰͻȻðü֣翸Ŵ󵶵ĺӡ
ٺ٣СӣջٰղŲɼıҸͿϵģڽɡһ߸ӵĸֵ˵
ʲôҲǸյ˴Ŀһɨˣص
Сӣϻ˵㱳İʶĻϽүҽ򣬾ͰС°ɡһһᣬָ˵
ɫһ˼ӽаγϰɫǵӡ
С
߸ɫһһŸİɫС󲽼ǰ
ⰫСȥץȥһɱ
սСһˣƺЩη塣
ǸӼΣ˫ֱۣͦһϷӡ
߸Ϻһڣ͵سץȥڿмһƷ硣
ڴ˿̣һ˴һץһǰб󺺿£Ÿʹһţ˲ֲ棬Ӷʱһһ´Ӵ󺺿´ȥ
桰һȱһĵڡ
һ˸߸ӣ˿Ҳֱͣǰ٣ƵһԾ𣬷˺İӡ
ǰȻ䣬˹ǰȻһȻɱ˶ᱦȻЩɫϵľɫһգ̶

ֵĸֵſеĻһǶ˦һա
Ŀк⣬йǵһŸֵһŰĵһ
˵һָԷֿ
ڵֱֱعȦּһŵ棬վԶȥ
϶پһʹһĿӳСϣԭԷҲڿиԼһ
µ˿ڣڶ˵ȻʲôֻܹӼŭǶѡ
Ҫ˺㣡Сӿܣŭţ׷׷ȥ
һĲڲݴʯ֮һĴ׷ʱ䣬ͬʱҸ£Ⱥ͸һɾεĽʹ˿ڴһƬľ֮С
ж󺺼æͣ½Ų׷УæҵĴͳһЩĩҵ̷ȥ
ǰѾܵĿӰˣ߰󺺼ˣ΢΢˿
˿ǻһֻеķˡ
ϴŵĽⶾҩۣһᣬ˷ǵûоýⶾ˿ڵľ֮зӿ
ɶʲôֶ߸Ȳһ˵ϡ
ͷŵĺ黬ֱѾȫû˸о۾Ĵת˿ɫ԰ޱȣ¶˿־֮ɫ
ɱ֮ƺ쳣η壬ֱ֪۱˻Ȼ¸߸󺺣ת·񱼶ȥ
ߴ׳Σ־ŭĶŰıӰһ
Ӹոܳ˼ԱߵĲݴԻһ죬һӰ˳ɫһ
ɫˢһѪɫˣһֱ۸ո̧Ѿϻ˹ȥ
һѪ߳˰ĺ䣬ŴѪ˳
һֻס﷢պյɴ۾·Ҳ޷Ŀ
߸󺺿ͬ״һ߹һ˿æһҪ˵
Ŀһһ̧ǵһӰһû˸ߴ׳ĺ
ߴ׳һҽУ֫Ƭ̣˫ĿûϢ
ޱĴӸߴ׳γǵСĵز˲棬㽫
޹ƳɵСҲ֪ǬɱǸ޵Ǹʲôͷϸľ綾ʵˣƽСǵһɱˡ
Ľϵİڶһ󣬽ҩһһҳԼ󣬱ȥ


ʮ
һ·ǰʱڵ֮ϣѪȵɱѾչൽѰڵϵĹҲʼࡣ
ڵһ֮У͵Ĵһµ޺ԳʨӺ𣬽һĲҽ֮ߺָܿƽ
һֻģĹëŴֲһԷ촽ѪܵӲĺε䡣
һɫʯѣʯ֮һԴԵɫСӭչɢ
ʯԱߵĵոձ˺ҧĲʬһϱֲɫ񣬿˷ΣǺѰ֮ˡ

һƬһ˶ߵľéݴУÿһéݶһ߶·ŽҶһ㡣紵ݴԣҶҡҷԿݴһɫĹâ
վڲݴ֮⣬ԥã˽ȥȻҲûٳ

һľԴܳһˣͷ棬ϵľ˺ĲĹϣ֮ҲһѪۡ
Ǻ˷·ûע⵽ϵѪۣĶ·ӡ
ڴˣϳЩ֮ǰٶ֮һ壬Ẉ̂
Ŵϳ˿־壬֮вʱͷȥʲô׷ʲô
Ȼ޴ġˡϴһƬɫųŴ̷ȥ
ɫһȺĴָĽɫƷ䣬ϰٸ˿ÿһֻƷβһںڷĺڴ̣һ֪ž綾
Ŵɫһ±ĸ
ܴһṦ˵ã˵һƬڵûȻûʲôߵ·
Ŵһ󣬽±һٰסʱ̱Ⱥ׷ϣɫƷ˵һɢɿΧź˹ȥβĶ̺ĴŴ̵ϡ
Ŵ̷ʹ˫ֻסԴҪԶȥǸոձϵĶѾʼ֫鴤ŵڴС
ҽ֮ܿͳȥΪޣֻ֮˵ķ֮
ƷŴ̵һŽɫͷβõĲҧ
ţƷҧʬƤŷɻ׷ķ򡣻ƷԽԽ࣬飬ιι֮һƬŴذţʱٶĸֱֻʣһѪİɫʬǡ

һԹľᲦ߳һСӰ
ʵϦʼ³
̧գɨһܣ֮΢΢˿ɿһ˺ϱĲ
ıȡһӲĿ⣬ȥȡһ«˼ˮ󣬾һشִ֦ϣ˫ֵԺϰԵĿͷǿա
뵺Ѿ˰֮ãΧɼһЩҩݺҲڵˡ
Ͼڴ֮УڵϵɲݣġǻŲɲǬβĿģյڵ֮ġ
⼸Ҳ׼ʶڵΧΪԵǸֶ޶˺ܶࡣ
˼ţȻӣѪۣѾ˲ҩ˿ڸ΢΢Щס
£һֻ޴Ļɫץ˵ġ
ҺϴƶҩҲҵһЩֱӷõҩģ߹Ǵ˶ֱ۳ױϵ
Ƶܿȥ˿ҹĻʹڵƺҲ˯֮С
ڵķ򣬴·һ΢Ĺâʣﵹǿ쳣ҹĻ֮¾Ϊˡ
ڵģ˵ɲݴڣȻңڵ΢⣬˼
һҹ޻ڶһ磬㳯ڵȥ
ԽȥľҲԽĴ˻ĴȱȽǣ֮ϲ˸ɢŲ
һ˲һʱû޵Ϯ
ӶϵĹǵնһ·٣߳һƬïܵĴ֣վסˡ
ǰһƬѤõĻԣ
˵ѤãΪǰƬԵĻɫ쳣·ͨ嶼ɢŵӫ⡣
ڵҲ˺ܶ޻䣬ǰĻԱȽ㲻ʲô
ܴ󣬹һ£ӦʮĶصӣǰƬȥ·׵סˡ
Ŀ˸ǵûпԣ˼
Щľڵ֮ϣԽ޵ΣԽ
ڴ˿̣Ĵ֮лһ죬߳Ӱ
̰ڳ˽䱸ɫǵǰĿ⿴˹ȥ΢΢һ¡
ǡ
߳һԲ󺺣׳ʵһ¹Ƥۣɣǽڵһͬеģͺɷš
˸ո֣Ҳڳ˼ƣȿӰ
ԭֵܡ¶һ˿Цݣеĳì΢ŵһЩûջȥ
¹Ƥ۵ɷĿ䣬ûΪ˿ķɣĿһۣĿԽ壬ǰĻԡ
ףɷ﷢һɡ
ɴ˿Ҳǰʢ󻨴ԣĿҲһȻ
ҲǸո˵أʵһ벻ڵ֮ϾȻ澰ɫԱ߿˼ÿ˵·
ɶ˿˻ԵȫòҲǵһ
Ŀڶ˱İɨһۣ涼ǹĹĵģջ١
˴ȷЩ졣ߵĻһ⣬һûóȻĿ
᲻жɷüͷһ˵
˵ɫ̫жûûǲҪΪáָŻԡ
ٿ˶һۣһת߿
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ԭԵڵϵ壬֪ǿתԷȥ
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Ƕ˾뻨̫ûܼʱ뿪ɢķΧҲûзĶõͨȻ޷⡣
̾˿Ȼ֪˶Լ⣬Ļ֮У̾Ϣһ
ҡҡͷԭϢһᣬǰȥ
ǿԵԵʣ۶Ĵ֮еĶȫ˳ȥж˺ܶࡣ
СĵڻɢķΧ⣬ƹ˻ԣǰС

պڵľΪĵطһôֲµĴУһͱƵ˿ڣϻѪ˿ڣ֪Ǻ֮צ

ƿǹĻԣΣգźòײߵ
굲סߵĲݴԣǰһƬƽĺ
÷ϣˮЩճرҺ壬ȻѰĺˮ
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ĳɽһڣҺɴ˼עСżȥһɫİңԴͷƣʣɾһ㡣
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ɽɽ嶫ͣԽɽбıϸСԶԶȥ
ϿһСϪȻҲޱȵĺˮ
СϪɿ߶Ƕ͵ɽڣʵڲֱԾȥ
ֻϿȳȥֵǵģɽԽԽߣϿҲԽԽ·ϪǵûбխԽĿˡ
ͻȻϿһת䣬ɽȵĲһεĴ󶴣ǰһ¡
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ⶴڿʮɣ泤˰ɫëݣ˲ݼӲеů紵ţһǰһתš
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鶯һ±ӣɽ֮һŨŨ̴Ϣů紫˳
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뵽˿ſڶڵڲ࣬ץڰ͹ƽʯ飬ŷķ򣬽һɽ֮С
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ĿȻ࣬ԵСġ
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˲ݸһ˿˿֮Խů⣬ɫʵޱȣԼɢһɹ
һ˼󣬵˹ǵӰȡһݵĸȥ
ǵϴжԣǻٻݣˡ
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ݵĸָϸӲĳ棬˼ֻ˼ӡ
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˵ԽҩģժʱԽҪСģһСҩģҩ
뵺ֵҩģܶ඼Ҷһڳòá
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ڲݾ֮ϣ·ƤڲҶְŪһ̣ȻԾ޷ϡ
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ڵǽ͵ǬϣΪɲɼҩĿʯ飬Ѿ˲ˡ
ವԶڵۿҪҪڵΧһ·ûرޡ
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ƶɲҽһȻǰȻһ°ĺɫѪҺ緢


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Щڵ֮ϵջ顣Ͻݸа
аֽ˹һ֣İߵԣϸϸĽϵ﷭һ
˫־˷ңƬ̣˵һԣûз͵֮
а˵ͷĿһۣ͸ֹУСֵˣȥϢ֮˵
˵ͷĿȺ֮һᣬûпǬӰüͷ΢΢һ¡
򵥵Ĵ˼һ˽ȥһ·ѹסƣӿ˯˹ȥ
֪˶ã˹ϵƣһɨգû˿ԥ
ɫӽ˯˲ʱ䡣
İڿƵĴк
¿˼ۣɵ˶ۼڴˣڵѾ˴롣ҲмһڵˣǸմڵӳģ԰ɵΧм䣬ɫŵıѯʲô
ڵڵɽȴһɽ紵ۺɫĶһ󷭹ȫ
ɽ֮Ⱥһɧɫǳѿڵϴ˿̼㻹˴ҲѾûл߳ˡ
ڵѰ֮Уȫ߳һֻаˣˣٶˣֻˡ
ĶɫѿˣһԲֱ뿪
۰ûһջ㣬ҪĶ¾ô뿪𣿡ٶ˵
ڵѰ֮кĹɽջһͬչʾһʾƽǱİ֮˵õԼҪ֮ҲԳû
ڵ֮ջ٣ûȤ룬Աɡ˵ͷҲصˣҲ뿪
аһۺ󣬵˴ڵѰ֮пνʧ֮ҲûȤȥʲôҲʹ˸ˡ
а߹֣ͬ뿪ˡ
ĬȻƬ֮Ц˼һִҲ뿪Ƭյء
ɽȺܿ찲ڵ֮ƮۺɫĶЩλðС


ڶʮ
˺ܿפأصİԶԶһ֮󶼷˻֮
ܸһЩӭĿаһۣڵŹ˲ʮ죬ûеʱ䰡
аĿ֮ҡҡͷ
ܸ⣬ûжʣλֵܣڵѰˣǴϲ£磬Һúֺһ
Ӧһ󻶺֮ƶ׵ҲֵֻҲʹЩǿĿˡ
վȺ֮Уֱۺһתͷһȴǻ
ֵܣȻڵˡ´һǺһЦ˵
һů漴˵ͷҵҩģѾҵˡ
Զʱϲ
Ⱥ֮лһȦüͷһ
ôǬ壿𣿡кĸֳһɲԤףʵ
ɫһ٣漴¶˸ӵɫû̻ش
Ǭ巢ʲô飿ɫһ䣬ʵ
ԥһᣬ˵Ǭڵ󲻾ãȻزɽ
һģɫȻɷһԲ˫ַֿȺžסɽȥ
ΧֵĿǸԶıӰܿϳ
Ǹ벻Ȼڵ߳ˡ
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һ죬æ߹סǬ壬ڵЩʣѰѾǰˡǬ壬ôȻͲˣ
ǬǺһЦָͷϲʲôֵģ׵֮ϣĸǶҪǬڴ϶ǱЩҰ޳ԵѾ˵ˡ
Ǭ壬㲻ġץסǬɿݵ֣۾Ứת
ֵܡӶ⴫˹
Ĩһ۾վ˵ֵܣɡ
˽Ǭһۣһ
ֵܣǬõʲô֢ʲôҩҽΣһץסʵ
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Ǭڸ𣬾ݽߣǿ££ЩѾҽеľ֢֮ࡣʲô鵤ҩˣʵΪˡ̾Ϣ˵
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Զ֮ĿһСһһ󷭹һſڣ³һöɫĹӡ
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ǰδеˬкһȴţɢųһ֮⡣
ȿȡڸоΣǬ˹

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Ǭ壬ΪҪҷ£һ㲻͡˿ûйϲã
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ϵѾˣû׵ʱˣЩƶѹţֱű˳Ⲣǲʹҩ֮ûôģ㲻ؽ黳
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һֻĺëԳԳһԳͬ;޴վһ˸ߣ쳣ͣǾˡһգ˵
ϸ˵һѰǰ顣Ǭ֮󣬺Ż˺ܶ࣬ûټԡ
ʱڵȥܾһɵֲﶼҪïܣȥһͼеĵط߽ȥʧ򣬺ǹ졭ϸһڵ𣬶ǰٵ顣
ǲʱůʱģ˵⵺ҲЩˣҲ֪ǲǴ˵Ҫʲôֳ֡Ǭ˼
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ǬһһˣУ絶
ڵѰĵգǬľȻ˲٣ȻĲ˴ɽɹ̫


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ڵϿͷվԶȥ
׵֮䣬ƲԹת֮䣬һڵ֮Ѿһʱ䡣
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ڶʮ
ڰ֮һŲаֳܸΡ
ĳЩͶλúֱǸаһЦ߽ɽܸɽĶһ˶ڡ
аҲ֪óˣһΪ¶Խ֮ԼûȤأɫһ䣬ߵ
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׳ӿֳһ˿죬䵶أһ֮ת˰벽׹һ䵶ѾתһȦ
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Ŀһ˲ǰиͷ׳Ĳ
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ʹ˫ֲҲ˿ˣֶ䣬ִͷϵĵһӭ
׳һһתԱһһҲ˻
һգͷתһָͷ׳ؿڣָͷ׳е䵶ǲơ
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ϣ֮ǰԼ˭ɱˣϵķ͹˭Уĳռһˡаб۶߹һЦп۶ء
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㣡аоһ´ƺͷһһ㡣


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쵽һЩˮȥڴյĽϢ
˺ҹߵȰҲͣϢʳˮȱȻ̫ࡣ
ҹֻǳҹɫڣľںƮڴ˿̲޷ˣҹյǳָҲƫ뷽
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ϥ˴ս䣬۾΢΢ϣֳ̣һɡ
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аһ˰ڴͷ۾˿˯⡣
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аɫһһϲ֪ʱһɫȭףһȭ
˵һһŰ׹аϷ˳ȥֱȥ
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аٴһȭһŰ׹ٴμ׼ȷĺâײһ
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аըϽ΢΢ζһ¡
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а屻â۵һһѪ˵˵ϡ
㡭аѪӿкһ˿ɫȭһġ
֮ϵȭ˼͵һ±˿ʮɫƬѸޱȵĳܼ


ʮ
ոյһǽ߾ȫâů˴룬ۼ˾ɫ䣬ֻý̽ǰ
һ챬ڹڶ̽ϡ
̽Ϻڹºһĵջǵֵ
ҽдվڸͽȭױѵƬУƬľˣױ㽫˸Դ
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Ҫļɫһ䣬Ųʱһ١
λӦҲˣոаưҪ³֣ҲŲòġЩ˺ֻҪͬЭȥϣ˲ٵġ˿˵
˺Ȼһ
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֪ڵ⣬Ѿҵ˽İ취Ŀ⻷һȦ˵
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㡭һͽһӴ·
΢֮вӰζȴ˿Ӱӡ
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Ҳɵϣոߺа֣ĿʲôԶ
ٲŽһֻҴϸûǵ֮ˡ
Ͱٶļˣɫ΢΢һ䡣
Ϊף䵥֮Ѿۼһ𣬶ǶˣһٳΪµǳѾʵˡ
˴˶һ˵˴֮
ʱһһĹȥת֮䣬Ѿ˵ڶա
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һͽ˿̵һһҹЩͷˣȻվ
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ȫɫƬͷһ˫ˮݰ۾¸һŰɫǴ̣׶
˿̹ͷȻһѪ̴ȥʱѪӿѸȾΧĺˮ
ޣΧ˼ˣһԸѾ˺Уʬ
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⣬׵ͽëѪӹ̫࣬ϰˡ
Χ֮˻û˿ӦĿǽź棬Ƭ̶̧֮
εĴâವһû˺ףܿ죬֮иһͷ߳Ĵ㡣
Сʱ֮ɱ˵㣬˵˴֮¡
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˶ȡ˺ɫֻ̽˼֡
Σ͵̾˿̽ĿϢ
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ĿΧһȦγĸֵ鼸ڴ״˼󶴣漴˰ߡ
ˮ̵봬գľˮС
Ų˼ʵ½أҲȻӲ߻׵һ·֮˶ټѣ̤ء


һ 


1 ׵ӷ
ݿˮǸһƬƫƧУһӰִɣ˫ȴ󳨶
ӰˣȻһʮģꡣ
ͨɫ쳣԰ףһֲмַʴ󣬲̫ڷһλεĸֽЩɫѪۡ
һͷһɫĲȦеѪԼ͸
Ƥպϣһ·С˯֮С
Ȼһ΢ġɳɳӸдɿλÿ
һĿ𣬽żͬʱԱһ
顱һ
ǱֽڿնȵС
һۺ󣬾ͺԥһԾ෴ߣ䣬ûвӰ
һСһڼʿֳĴ˳
Щʿֻжʮˣĸߴ뺷ԶǾþսĻ֮ʿ
Ƿһּ߳䣬һͺУֱվԭˡ
ͬʱһݼʿæǰԭϢطڸɿ췭Ūһ̾վ
ξӷûжã׷ϵĻ˵л׷ϵġʿΨһһûдڿĹͷ޺
ȻѾȽϸߴ󣬵ӽɸߵľ޺ȣ԰һأ红ͯվڳǰ¡
ߣˡһΣǼǲ޵СȻٽƻҲѷɵġǱߣ˾ͽξȺʱˡֻҪȥˡ޺һ߷һۣ˵
ξˣ˿ݿָطץס˿Ǵһø˾ͽξǣʿһмֳ
󹦣ҲҪ˾ͽСǷˡǸϵһЩ˵֮ġ޺̧һͷޱԵ
⻰ʲô˼˾ͽǱֱǻҪһЩСӶЩ֮Ǳ߼ֶõġʿЩȻˡ
ţҲˣƽҲм֮һ˱òΧһԼ˻ܰȻ޺ûֱӻشʿʣһ䡣
ֻͨĻӦ߰ģһʮϵĻ֮ˡʿһ㶣СĵĻص
߰ٺ٣ԴͨСеĲѾԶʮˡ޺ٺһЦɭȻ˵
ôܣЩòҲܹרѵ֮ˣȻ޷ǺڻȣҲһ˿׻ɱġʿʧڣŵı顣
׵ӳģȻСһЩЩ鵹Ҳ̫׵顣׵ǵطԭרŹѺ׼֮˵ĵطͽҲСƵġ޺˵
ʲô׵ӷ
ʿһʲôæʵҲ˵׵һҹû飬˵ͽʹ˵һͬ뺣ˣô˴ӳġǿǺպ˵Ƶľۣ޷ںƯġ
Ҳˣֻ֪С⣬ʮͬӳҪһб£ʳϢ³͢ڻ֪µġҵЩפĺڻˡô˵׷СӦЩӷһȻʲ˴ʱ䣬ֻҪϣҲֻ·һġ޺ҡҡͷһ󱳵һ˺ɫǹŵ˵
Ȼġ˭֪Žȫǰ֮еġʿ¶˵
ƨˣҲ·ˣߣ޺һȰ֣˵
ʿһݵĴӦһصʿм䡣
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һյ蹤󣬵Щʿٴ֣߳СƬտݵʱǰһĻʱ˾ˡ
ԭ͵ĲݵأȻ뱻ѪȾ졣
Ѫ֮Уһ߾ߴͬڼ׵ʬ壬ȫһء
Щʬϴ־֮ɫ·ǰʲô˼ľһ㡣
ʺȫƾƿһĴֵָѪѪвͣʶ
һʮߣ˾ͽξ£ȫٴˡ˾ͽ˱ˣδС
ŵʿɫ׵ٴ߳УɿЩʿʬȫһ󣬾͵޺ǰ˵ɫԼмֲ֮ɫˡ
޺ɫ֮Ŀ⳯ݵһ˹ȥһǵ˹ȥ
ʿˣԥĽ˹ȥ¶Сģȫ̬
޺νζƬ̼ͳһøߴľǰĿһɨɫ쳣ѿ
ֻ£һݿݻƵĺڼ˱һֽʺذߵıֱӶ֮ϡ
ϣһڵɫб֮С
ץסֽʮָȫƣ˫ĿԲֱǰϢȫޡ

зɿԾţֻʹޱȣŵսƷһɫжмֳ
ǰȻԼġһɱ˶ĵˣЩʿ׺̶ҲԶԤ֮⡣
֮мʿɱ⣬Ϊ׾ξȻݵĽ׷š
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ĺȴδ͸֧࣬ѾЩظˡ
뵽ͷһɨһۡ
ֻԭĲѾѪ׽ʪ͸ˣͬʱһɹİľʹвʱ
ʹļӣǱЧδȥмֳԲ
ڻΪľطԶǰͨɱȵġ
ڵֻϣǰɱ¾ܹڻ˼ɵ֮ģٹֽ׷䲻š
ֻҪٹһ죬һʩչġϢ֢ͿƽϢˣʱͿٴ븽֮ززˡ
䲻󣬵ʵ׵ѧֺƫŹؼ
ˣȻڵ˱ӻһ֮ͯ˳˵ط֮߰á
һ뵽ǰʱһǰ̺۵ĴףȻݿ׶쳣ȴΪ֮һȡ
Ȼɫһ䣬ԭǰ͵һŤ˲һţһɳȥ
ͬʱǰಡ֮
ʮֻ߳ʸǰб󣬾ͽһӶݺݶ˺һŻҰɫϡ
ʸͨɭԶǾִɣ˶ֱûУ΢΢ͣ
˭
һ˸һľУɫǰһᣬɫĳǰֵͺһ
ֲֲںڻΧ»ܱQ㳤áǷ򸾶ˣֻ·һˡһŮǰһþӰһ߳һһŮ


2 
Ůʮӣķ˶ųͷϴһ޺޻ݴ׳ªȴһһ˸ߵľ޴
ԱԼʮңɫۣͨһɫľʶ̽оһ߳ϻտҲȻǸղŶ𹥻
ǲǺڻ۶Ŷˣһʵ
׵㳤ʱ䣬ѧڶ֮ǰ뾡취ҳԷڡ
ʶⷬڣѯ̽ҲһʱֶΡ
ʵĿУѾɿתͣ
Ůģ˫۴ִ󣬽Ųأ׳֮ѷһЩбķմϷֺġеʮָȽĿʲô⹦򣬶һҪʮֵСġ
Ȼ̶֪ʱоͷٶȻҲǵһ飬¶ĸȤı顣
һһץóһװʸϻװȥͬʱб˵ڣհϿԪˣǰ۾ץΣСΪȥһڳ׵һǰ׵Եɳ뺣ףϴ󲿷һͬ뺣ףֻʮһ˳ûӳ̲׷ɱ׷ޡЩû˵ɡ
ӻ䣬Աߺ³ҲЦСӣǰҷеģЩͬˣ
֮һƤһ˦ȥ
ˡһƤһйһѪ߰ߵͷ
ͷ룬ڴֲڣ΢ţҲʮ͡
Ŀͷһɨ󣬵һͽһͷ
ȻϵôˣûˡСӣԹԵ־ܣҷ򸾶˻ɷһûȥѺ˵ܱסһСһ϶ɱ⡣ӽϻ»úǰһ˵
λ˽̲ɣ֪ʲôȽ׵ĹֻƭңѵףԴͨɣǰնɱĲͺڻ֮࣬¾ǻӴҲҪǧ̵֮ġգգ۾ӵĻš
ⷬش𣬺һûпڷʲô
Աߵĺ³󸾣ȴһ˵벻СֵͲ󣬾Դ˽ࡣ׵֮˹ȻСҲܵһ֮˿ˡҷ򸾵ȷ̲ר۹СֵԺ˻Ȫ֮£ɲҪҷԴСˡְɣ
˵ɫȻһ䣬һӣͻΪһɿֱȥ
ƷʴȻ쳣ݣлӶľ޴Ƿ·ɡ
һߵԣϬĽоһ̧һʮʸͻΪ㺮༤ȥ
ҶܣضѶʸڹľУһҪԳ湥
˲Ϊ򸾣һ־ϵ޷졣
˾ɫҲһ䣬һ̾һͬʱһգһУΪһ㺮⣬ֱͷ­ȥ
Ǿ޴ܲˣȫһ򷨡
ͫһȻ֪ԷͬھҲȥһΣֻε΢΢һ٣һӣ͸ı䷽ɫС
һɫоһģأδþײϣҸԺݺһ
ͻȻתĸʸʱһĶɣ
Сӣ
ԶӼĻ̲סİһһץֿʼװϻʸ
ղְвʸת⹥ؼǽ˲ǿУû뵽ʧˡ
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ÿһλӶرһɿ磬˴£·Ϊһͷһ㣬ʵɵ
෴бȴײֻǻΪһ⣬Χų߲ѡ
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£ȻԶ֮ϣȴҲƿڴѡ
Դ˸ӶãֻǱ׵ļΧųѡ
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ԶӼΣиӵȻ
󸾵ˡ
ƽд裬Ҳٶʮ꣬Ȼ˴¡
ѵԷǴ̥оͿʼϰ֮ɡ
֪һЩŹеĵϵӵܵȷСͿʼĳЩǿؼͣøҩԡͷһЩҩ̶ȿҲ˶ѡ
ҿԷͲԲ㣬ٵĻԼӲӲҲܰȻġ
Ȼûֻˡ
뵽ɱʢһֽһֻľж̽˳
̽ɫҰףƮƮĺ޷Ȼһǽ
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Ŀ΢΢һƳͿͬ߰ĶԭΪ֮һ
Щ̲ӦһѾʮǿϵĻҪɥ˴ˡ
ƴһǲˡ
˼κγɣԿľ޴ȻһĲٶ㿪еֱһ̧͵ͺһ
꿴ֱۣʱ¶ִһȦࡣ
ǿɫһɹ£Ϊһâֱʺȥٶ֮Զǰϡ
ǳĿô˾һҪջֵȴѾˡ
ŭ֮£ɴһᣬȻһɣرֱǰݺײȥ
Уͬͬھ£Էʮа˾Ҳ󳷱ġ
۽ֻһ鴤ж䣬һȥ֫һŤŴһ±ñƽޱȡ
һ
޴ǰһѪۣѪзɽ
ɫһ£·ܴش֮˸ԼһâһĴӸ˲
һУֽץʺ쵹£˶ڵ治ͣĳ鴤
һжǿ㷢
ӲŲ˽ǰһУ󾪵һŭоһڣʮâͬʱйǽųһ̡
ٳ϶Ը˲һֻΣ֮ĸӦһӿļ䣬ʱʶͷȻһƫ
Ѫһ֣ĳεϬһƾնһ޷
ʿһתԶһ֮ʱʱʧ
ֻеĶ̽ϣȻֳŤƣŵ׹⡣


3 ʿ
Сӣ㾹ҷˣˡж̽ӳ£ԵЩ΢΢Ťһֻֽ׵ɿӻȡһöѪɫҩС
ȻղһԶĹʩչġ
ΣһһһŰ׺ϻڳ鴤ĳ󸾼ȥͬʱһȵأһС
Ӽһ֮ŭҲ治ܵϳȥ׷ֻ꣬εһΣһµǰͬʱһùǽմȥ
䡱һŰ׺һδâƾջУһıѶ
һŻҰɫĩӭͷ˸ڵ
ӼһݣĸĩļȻǽǰһᣬһֻǰһ󣬿¡Ԫڡ֡
ɲǼ䣬ǽ΢΢һһ˴һĩȫ
ӷɿһָӸմһĩ΢һᣬʱñ
ȻֻͨҡСӣһҪʬΡ
Ӵֲ鿴³󸾵Ρ
Ů˫ֽץӣϢۿ޷ζˡ
˷ģȥСӵĹһһ·ġ
ҧгݵ˵һ䣬ٴվйǽսںһ㳯߷׷ȥ
֮쾹ǰྶͥ·һ㡣
ȻԪ࣬ղŷõһöѪһٷڿٶʩչʿֶΣ׷ɱһӾԴ´ġ

ƴԾţеԼ˫һͬʱǰ쳣ѪΪ˶Ѫͣ
ͷˣ˿̸ǳ׷СӶͲˡ
ȴ˿ûͣ˼ֻ϶ĳȿ񱼲ѡ
ǰһ»Ȼʣ꾹֣һƬտ֮ϡ
ڿյزԶľͷȻһʮɿľ޺ӣˮͣʱһˣδȥ
ˣһϲȻе΢΢һڣŲһ£ֱˤڵˡ
һæݺݺһҧ⣬һ˿Ѫζʱ˿ǻܱʶѵվ˽Ų
ʱȻдԹ֮Сӣӣ
䣬һӴһžһһԾֱ˶
ͷһΪ֮һݣʱȻݺһͶٴ˫ӱ߿񱼶ȥ
йǽֻһӣͽлɳȥ˿ûͣٵƮȥ
һǰһתۼ׷ʮԶȥ
ۼܵ˺ӱߣһԾУҪͶˮС
ӻɲ׷꣬Ŀô˾Ȼ󲻸ģȻԪȫǽпע롣
ɲǼ䣬ǽâĿ
һͺȵĳԶһնһĽӰӽϼһ֮͹ĳ걳󴦣һ롣
ۡһ
ǽӰǻ漴ˤˮУһ֮£ʹʧӰ١
׷ӱߣǰˮüͷ
Ȼڷȫһ£Էĺˮоһ֮ûмʬЩĲ¡
óˮԣˮѸͳ̶ȣȥʬҲ粻֪嵽˺δ
ӵһ䣬йǽһۡ
ֻ˿̹âȫޣ׻ָԭȵƽģ
ԭƬ̣δʬӸˮ渡Ҳֻεľʹ뿪ˡ

պ󣬳ݷһ۵Сӱϣһһӣǰһ߲֪͸˶õĽʬ壬š
ǰʬ⣬ԶЩݴУ߰˾ɫװʬ壬ÿһȫļģҪôмֱӱһնϣҪô˶ͷ­ֱӱ˰ߡ
ô죬ȻˣҶҪλȥ˵һС󱳽ӣһۣһʮ׶ĸо˿ȴݵͬʵ
ң˭ȥ˭֪λ׳գΪһͽʿһٵС׽һֱӸ˺ȻмµҩҲ޷ȻصġһĸߴӣķҲһʮְձ顣
ϴô׳գҲǼӣһϧдԴŹһָҪ͵ȥˡ·ͻȻҵһȥôԼһɷⲻˡ̾һ˵ϾԼ͸һɾ֮⡣
ߣҪһɷͿԻ£ҷҪոˡϴϼһº˵һùһ㶵Ļ
ϴ⻰ʲô˼ҿǻʵнʿȻʮ۰λӣѵΪҪɣӣɴ顣
ΪСݣֻǼ򵥵飿λȻ鱩Ű˿ϲҲһϵԶƾձΪӣ谮ģʵɣλʵǼ˽ӣֻҸϻὫջϥ¶ѡϴЦһ˵һùĿɿڴĻ
ʲôǼ⣿ϴҪ֪֮ģЩ
ˣҲˡҲ֪Һʹ˵ѾϵɡһΪԼƽ£ʧ˵ģ⻹м𣡡ϴ̾Ϣ˵
ԭˡ˵ȻڴЩʽε󣬰׼һƾռȥҪ֪һɹͽˣǿһˡǻԵɺϸһΪʦǵȴڣ㵱¼ˣҲҪġЩȻˡ
ͽõģǾʿ仹ܳʮ꣬ʸμӿʽμӿʽӵжͨģжٵʽϵģܹҲ鲻ɹĻҲΪͨʿŷ۶ʮꡣһν˽͹ȥҲǱŶһѵ뷨׼вӵӵܣ͵Ųμӿʽɴʧܵˣܻŷ۵Ҳȼ˶ѣֻСĿɹͽСϾŮܻ֮м˵һ죬ȻҲܳΪͽ׼ҵҵλڽʮĺˡϴĲΪȻ˵
λǱ˼ϣԽˣҶǻȥԽûлϣʹӳٻذ׼ˡҵнʿݣﻹǶܻңڡɿתºһҧ˵


4 ׼
ߣӳ潫ÿµĵ鵤ҩˣ뵱걳Ѱ׼Ǽ˵³ɡңһСȫڰ׼ҡˣܻġûǴĻȥȢҲѾˡҽ˵ʮа˾Żһ̥ɡϴһɫĻص
һ⻰ˮͷʱվԭˡ
ʵڲеĻߵһİ취ܱסҲɵģҪɢЩмҵСϴĿһ󣬲˵һ
ɢҲƣֻɱ᣿һ⻰ݳ׿
ߣڴǱЩϵᶼûеġԸ⣬Ҳǿġϴȴ˵
ϴˣС᲻ӦģֻҪܱסһЩ֮ʲôһæЦ˵
ͺˣ²˳٣ڴ´ؼ֮ǰұĻȥ׼ңÿЩһСϴɫһ
һΣȻͷǣҲұκβԸɫ
ǣ·ǰ󣬹ϴ󵱼ӻͳһ֪Ƥɫףһ׺һȳڡ
ɫ׸һĿ׹ǰϺݺһҶȥ
䡱һ졣
ӲĽ䣬һӵڶǰֶ
һΧһȦŵĽʬȫ˽ȥ
ߵʬǰʱ΢ԥһ£ֱһץͽ󳤽ֱק˳
һָֻһĨһɢ
һҪ߶ʬЩʲô顣
ʱԭվԱߵĹϴڶһ󣬺Ȼɫһתףӱ߷ͺһ˭ҹ͵Ҷ˵
䣬ϴ󵱼ֱһȭͷһһƾ˵ƿ
һ죡
ʮһƬݴһӰһʹſڵһˡ
ϴˣ˹ȥһţӰһ泯
ȻҲһ˫Ŀֻ꣬·ãʪܵģһԲѵӡ
ѵǴӺǱܹģӲҶ֣ӦҲ˶áϴ״³ֵۣȷԷһвûк󣬲һ
Ȼ㽫˰ɣղ˵֮ڿһ㶼й¶ȥġڴҲɵ˵
˵Ҳ֪ġףСӵòϴûкĻһ䣬ֱһ׵ȭͷٴ𣬵Ŀ⳯ʪɨʱȻ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫˡ
ô£òôˡĿô˾Ȼ
֪ˣϴȭͷ˻ɫŹֵĳһ֡
ˣȻԽˣҲûĽгر󣬼˹ȥ
Сʲôˣôǰ񣿡һʪģҲһʧڽ
߷ֵƣֻɫ԰һЩüëŨ࣬ϻ˼̺ۣƤҲֲһЩӿɲ̫һġϴһ˵
¼òƵҲ̫ˣһҲ̫ϡ顣˵ѾˣСӳкƨãһߣǳ⣬ҲܳΪҵһʿعҡҡͷ˵
СҲĻҵһõı취ġɵ顣˵ƾѪ֮߻׵һ㡣ͨ˵ǧҵһ߾Ͳˡ˵һ˼֪Լӵû֮㹻Դ޳ʿҲҲǵһĵֱͶ˰׼Ϊͣ޳ڵľ𣡡ϴ֪뵽ʲôЩ̾Ϣ
ȷ˰ЩԼӣҲǧѡһ߲ſ滨ԴСġ˵ӵܱЩŵ˵ԶԶ޷Ტ۵ġûжʲôĻص
˵ЩʲôˣǻȱסԼһСҪġСķϣҸһȫʬɡϴٶ˵ʲôֱһȭͷϵٴ𵭵⡣
һԵĹȻ˿ġ
ֱֻһȭͷϢĻ굤ﴦ
һõǷ֮ȻȫޣҲԶǰɱȵģҲԽȫ飬˲ȡ
ˣٿʲôתҪصӱȥʬȥ
ʱִһܣСӾȻԪһߡ
ϴ΢΢Щ
һæٴתȥ
ֻϴһŴ׵ȭͷɢĹâѾȻ޴档
Բѵ긹һżİɫΣʱɢӡ
Ԫ壬СӾһߣвǳԪ
һ޾֮·ˡڻذ׼ˣСӣοɾˡϴĿŵϵĻһ󣬺ȻͷЦɫԼЩտӡ
ϴ⻰ʲô˼СĻôܱסˡգգ۾һ˿Ϳ
ΪʲôҪȡҵȵϴЦһ̷ֹһ䡣
ȻΪǻһͷˮˡ
ٺ٣𣡡ϴָһǰĻ꣬ЦһĻص
ʲô˼ǡҲ˹ɫȴһ±ȸղŻ֡
Ǿʩչҽ֮ߣСȥڣʱʹߴһͿԴҡڵĻص׼ң˵Ѿ͵ˡֻҪյǱߵĻظȻỳɷֺġһǷй޹ˡϴ侲쳣˵
УСӺĲȫģһ¶ô졣ο״Ӧµģɫ仯૵˵
ߣʲôСֻҪһţ׼ĻҲҪˡοԿʽϿ̶ֲ˵Сδܹרѵ£ʮа˾ŻֱӱġһҵȾͺˡӣԼδΪʿǰǿʲôԷġҲȫֻҪֿƾˡϾҲֻһǰӰЩ仯Ҳ顣ϴг˵
ҪͨʽΪͽô죿мֳɡ
ΪͽĪǻû˯ѣ꿪ʽУҵм˳ΪͽġλȥǾͻ뾡һа취ĵĶȻͳ׼ˡСûڳʲôкιϵˡҶֻҪȽǰɱһȻ˵ˡ˵Сӣ˵һ׾ٵ飬ȻǾϴ˵˼仰󣬸˹ߣ˵һЩʲô


5 
˵ĵȷã¾ˡӦǰѺҺһͬ뿪׼ˡСһҲ¶˾ġ
ͶˡֵܶҲʶˣûаգ˵ȥȽʬ崦£·жҪ£СӡٲȻҪһغˣҲҪҲԪġϴĹͷһ£¶Цݵ˵
ͷӱߡ
ϴȫȥ˸ɾʱ¶ǰͷ˷׵ķ˿ڣԼڶİ̺ۡ
ʹԹϴļʶ㣬Ҳһȴɣɿ˿ڸĴʼֻһ֮ͱһƬ
Ƭ̾ͨĳһƬԭеһЩˮȴҲ֮ɿʧ
Ȼϴжһͣһһ̽󣬾ȡһľϻ
ָľϻһãӶʱԡһе¶ʮСһϸ롣
ָϻֻһĨһ뱻
ϴɫм£ֱֻһʱΪһƬģâϸ̶
֪ԼʲôʱġϢǾԼͷ­ѿʹѵҲûһط쳣ȣ֪ʱ󣬸طһ±ޱе֮⣬䶼̲סĽгһ޷ֵƣ֮£ֺܿĳ˯ˡ
ڳ˯УһĻĻԺͣ仯ţмһ沿ӰһЩι״ĹףȫΧͣ˵ʲô
Ƕ򸾸һ쳣еĸо
ŬԷ˵Щʲôȴ첻£鼱֮£ֽƿȴһ˿ûУɵļ١
֪˶úһع£˹
һۣ̾ͿһŽߵķס
һ̺ĵͺȵʲôҪ룬Ͻ˹ǰǰ๤ȫ׷ˡ
һ⻰һݣ£ĬĳϤھʼĳȥ
ʱϴųһؿڵһֻջأվ۹ۿһһ
֪˶ú쳣԰һ˿Ѫɫٴ˫Ŀ˹
лǰ֮СӿҪһغˡվ΢΢һ˵
Ȼ֪ǰ֮ǺȻȣȻʮֵĸм
˿ҲԼطȻӱ߲һݵУԼѾһոµĽۣ˿ҲѾˣ˿˿֮⣬ȻҲϵҩࡣ
ĵıϢ֢ҲڶԷһ󣬽ԭӦͱȫӲѹסˡ
ȻԷַ쳣ʵ̫ˣٴηӦֻǳ顣
׵ϴһЩͽѧƫؼȻԵʱʮãҲʮֵİԵ˵˼Ķ
ǴӡǬ塱ѧһָ֮ԶͨˣҲƵ߶Щؼġ
ûںƷ֮Ӧ˾á
ϴһ򶨣еһ㶣ϷһЦػصûʲôĳ˾ҲǾ֮͵顣
ôﲢǰһˡЩʵ
иͬȥһ飬ܿͻˡСֵҲǺüûʳˣȳԵ㶫˵ġϴ϶Цݡ
˼һͲ֪ͳһһ򿪺澹˸־쳣ĵģһԶȫõǰ
еȷѶˣлһ󣬾Ͳ˹ҿ
תۼ䣬߰˸ȭͷСĵľȫĸУʳŷһЩ
СֵܲüǲĻĳ߻еġСգθ˶ϴЦǺǵʵ
ԪǴ֮ˣԭǺ常һػﵽһط׼˽ףû뵽ڰ·һȺٷˣ常֪ġһ󣬾ͱһҲǡôֳһ˿֮⡣
׵ʱרŸһպƭѧһЩĿСɣһʵ׾ٵġ
Ѿ̲ͨȻ鷳顣
ԭ˽ٷˣСֵҪڰˡȷЩ̫ƽЩͽȻ컯¸ɳɱ飬ʵǵ졣ȥҾүٸһ۽ͽץ鰸һǽٷˣϴʱмŭ˵˻ǳġ
Ҫǻ͵ҲǱٷɱˣ䵽³
ˣ常֮Ҫлˣɫص˵
С£ʲôҹСƣƺ˼£һ˼ּǱ֮ĳεʱҲֵġϴƲһ䡣
ͼ嶼ϰһЩ֮һЩƫؼԺǻͽǴսһֻǹѲڲֻġ˼Ļص
Сֵܣ̫ǫ˰ɡһԪʿ˵ԼֻЩ֮ءǱ֮ˣҲһĽٷ˰ɡϴ¶ЦЦɫ
ʲôʿ˵һЩġԣһ
Сֵܣѵ֪ʿߣֻеʹǵĻִӺδõ֮޳һǳԪϴ꣬˫Ŀһ΢
ȷ֪ʲôԪСʱеõһ֮ǿ֮ЧЩһֱġѵǹشеԪ֮Ŀº󣬲¶Ȼ֮ɫ˵
ԭˣ⵹пܵġԪ֮Ȼһ򱻸ƿصģǵͽھҲһЩġϧҪСֵܻʿֶΣһĻһЩͽκֺϴȻҲûµĴ㣬ҡͷԵ˵
ǰղСֶΣĪǾõԪ˵ǰҲһʿϿƽ˵ȴһӿ
;ʿԭһ飬ھȻһԶԤϵ顣
йʿĴţСʹ׵ͽ˵˲֪ٱˡ
ǿУЩڴǳ٣ƽͨ˽ӴҲ࣬˶в˼ı£Ҫô̤ݶУҪôֱʩˣЩģƺܹ浶ǹ룬ˮ𲻽ǧ˵еĵز
ǵΨһʶʩչֶʱһд󶼻ʽġڷʱɢָĹâ
ȻҲЩ˵һЩʿҲܹ÷ֱӿʩչġ
ʶһӾȻӵз̰ȶӡ
Ҫ˵ĻɥԷ칥֮ˡ
ڶԷȻ˵ҲʲôҲһʿ𾪡
һ˲䣬뵽ˡǬ塱ڵھ


6 
ٺ٣ĳȷһнʿһ۾ͿСֵܾ顣ϴȻԼԭɱ飬Цݵ˵
Ҳû뵽ԼҲһʿ˵ɫԼЩȻ
Сֵܣ֪ʿֻеʹڣܿ麣Ļ԰ţΪһͽġϴΣȻ¶һ˿˵
ͽţüͷһ壬ȻҲͷһ˵
ϴ΢΢һЦٽʲôʱԶݴнŲһ죬һС֮һ˹
ϵܿЩλֵܣȻûʿָ㣬ȫԼɵԪϴһӰһ֣˵
飬ǿ̫ˡ˹һ⻰ڲסϲ⡣
ǰҵ΢΢һ
ǺǣСֵܲضˡش磬ҪĶȫˡҲҶ֮˵ĻһҪʱġ֣аϴһκмֵ˵
Ҿ֪ˣŻȥġˣﲻ̸֮أһƧ֮ٺúΡϴͷ˵
͹Ȼûз˼˽һʰ󣬵Զӱߵķ˹ȥ
ھһʱĿ޵ɨһۡ
һ޷ʲô쳣ȴŵһѪζȻʮֵȴ֪Ѫɱ¾
Ȼһݣ֪Ժ͹ϴйأǶ벻ʲô֮Լɫʲôеġ
һʱɫʼʱ˳һУһѲϺ
ǽ·ִ򵽵һֻҰãƶǣֱӼܵ˻տ
ΧŻһţúһʳ󿪵ĿĴɢ
νͽָЩʽ麣ɹߣΪһʮ꣬ͻ̻Ҳûп麣һ˿ܣԿʽϸơֻп麣ˣпܽԪתΪʩչʹ߶Ϊе˰ڡžרͽţһ֪ڸӵгȻĵλЩţһԾڹҳ͢滻Īơϴǰ٩٩̸ĸҿһĴš
ܾ͢滻͢һӣӦġһ̲סķʵ
ٺ٣ȻʵһеġЩ˿ɺЩʿͬʿʹԴҲ಻ǶɱһЩˣ·һЩͽʦȴӵдʹٻܵȲ˼ı£ټϻܷصģٶľҲסǡҺЩ߹ٴ󳼣ֻҪ˶ϣȴֻ·һٺһ˵
Ϊͽͱ뾭ŵĿʽÿһʽŻܶϡҩʶűӿѲμ⣬Щӵ룬һʾԴܻȡú󣬾Ǵһžпʽʱڡ
ԭˣ˫Ŀһ˿˼ɫȴûӿʲô
ˣȴЩסˣתһת󣬺ȻջĿ˵СֵܣҲΪˣһΪͽĻӵзݵصʵһԪ̴ɻް
ԭֻһͨˣ֪Լһʿ顣˵СҲϵڱ飡ǣȴҡҡͷ˵
⻰ʱùһʱ
ϴͬļģݺݵһۣһ󣬲ų˵СֵӦҲһЩ˰ɡʵҶ˾ȷĿĵģȷҲһԵǴˣ´ҪڰûжȹˡСֵܿҪһ
Ȼλǰ˵ˣϴˡϿʲô飬ȴĴӦ
ģҶ˶ҵİ׼ʹӣη״ȥμڽеĿʽϴҲǴ֮ˣ֪Ѿɣ˿Ľ龭ͶٵɱԵɣȫһһʮĽ˳
ûа취Ҷ˲Сֵܴȥμӿʽİ취ֻҪȥˣҶ˲ȥɱСֵҲɵõһĪĻԵֻԵǲ֪ӵܶ󲻵õġСֵѿҲٷ򵥵飬ֻҪΪͽ׼仹ʲô޷ġϴص˵
ɫ΢΢һ
⿪ʽӦʮΣհɣûгɹֻͨô
ҪõĪԵȻҪеһķգСֵһͨģͨҲû£ҪһЩͷЩ۰ˡϴ治ɫȴشʮֺ
üͷ΢΢һ塣
֪Է϶û˵ʵҲ֪׷Ҳõġ
Ҫǣȷܲμӿʽ֮¶ˡ
׵ӣ֪һ£ֻҪʵ㹻ǿ󣬾Լκ顣
һֱص£Ҫ㹻ǿпʵֵġ
ο벻ͬ⣬ǰнʿҲӦġ
ϾԷ֮¶ʵгϵ³ֻһֲŰסܵġ
зȥ˾ãԴӦˡСӻҲһЩ¿϶ΣգҰһκ󣬾㱨λǰľˡҪȥڣϣλǰٴӦ
ֻҪСֵԸȥμӿʽٶҶҲӦˡԣʱϲ˵
ϴһԥҲ˵ͷ
λǰ֪ȻԪʿϣλ·ϴڸ¼ֱֶΡڶϣõλķΪ÷Ӧò̫ΰɡһʲô飬ҲӦһһһ˵
һ˵Сֵܲ˵ҶҲҴѧġڵڶǼ󣬿²ѧ߿ƿסġ¶˳֮ɫ
ԸⳢһ¡˿ûõ˼

ãǼ㡣һԵĹϴһҧֱӿڵͬ
ԣȻ¶֮ɫջûٶ˵ʲô
ãǾ˵ˣ˺һἫ϶λǰġ֪ʲôԺһʱҾҪôˡͷ׷һ䡣
а״죬ЩǰƷСֵúˡֱһߴľ޴򿪣óһСһŵİװ
˰ӹ󣬵򿪣濴һۡ
ֻȻɾĻϴ·мСԼһֻǳ۵Ļɫͭ
ͭʽӣӡһɫƣһ쳣صĸо


7 Ԫ֮
̲סһְͭץϻ˾ֵ顣
ͭƮƮģ·һ˿ûһ㡣
λķͭϸһһ䡣
ҧһĹؼߵƷڰ׼ҲŽǰʮ֮еġͭнţϻһ˿֮ɫ
СֵҪ߶»Ҫѧ򵥵ĿԪ֮СⷨĻֵܻ·һļԴڣ㾡ܹ߶˻ϴ˵
Ͷлλǰˡһ˿˷ܵ˵ͭһ׵ģиܵһ˿֮⡣
ܺãջЩףҪһЩı䣬ⱻʹ߿ϴͷֿһ׵˵
Ҫθı䣿һ⻰üͷһ塣
ȻòͨҲ뱻϶ʲôֽš
ǺǣСֵܷģǾƻԭգֻ΢ͷɫϸıһѡһϣרңˡϴƺĵ֮⣬ЦŽ䡣
˵ĻǾûˡǰ鷳ˡһɣҲͬ
ٺ٣Сһ׮ҵ껹ûгΪʿǰа˵ĳƺٺһЦĻص
һתִͳһЩƿ޹޶ͼ쳣Сӣٳһ֡
һɺҲ˹ȥ
ʱ󣬵ǰһͭӳ֡
üëǰһЩԭЩв޽Ǳ޵ˣͬʱ϶һɫͷƾնһ֮ĸı仹ǡ
һ̧ԭ㽡ƣȻ쳣𪣬һŵĸо
ƿϴҺţÿϴһ顣һ·϶ϼƿȿ쵽ɽŵʱ򣬷ɫӦþͻᶨһʱ䡣ȷɫԺٽʵָĻҲע⵽ġЩȻûٶù֮ҵļû˲̫ࡣͭ˵
ϴԱ´һҲ¶ı顣
ʱԭӿһֻ֡Ҫǰ׼֮ˣӦÿġ
Ȼû׼ʲôϴ˵飬ҲԼĸװӦǳɹģҲ΢΢һɡ
ǰһҪ޷ɻصĻԼҲСѱġ
ǺǣڿʼҶ˵ˣǧҪٳƺʲôǰҶˡش󡯡ɣ⵽ʱ¶ʲôšϴɫһ˵
֪ˡһҲصĻص

һպһǳɫСźӵ˳£ֱηɳ۶ȥ
СϣһŴ棬һ߲ʱɨۡ
ڹϴָ£ϥ
ǰһŵͰСϣöҧ򾲾ڷ
Ȼһͺȣֱһ̧һָͭһȥ
ۡһ
ֻͭС΢΢һҲûκζˡ
ˣüͷһ
ʱѾԪͻҧһ˿Ӧˣڲٿطϻ츳ġһԵӣȴ¶֮ɫ
˵ֻµʱ𣿡ʵ
֪ҧΪƷԭͲǰײٿصġ֪׼ӦһרԴ˷ĲٿԪؾҵֻͨٿطȻЧҪ˲ٵġ츳ʱҲ㹻ס˷ˡϴ͵˵
Ȼش˵ްӦûˡջҧһҪѧϰǼֶֹΣͬҪʱġգգ۾˵Ļص
õĴ¡ֻҪ˿Ԫ֮ͷĸӦϵһ̶ȣֶʩչֻǸѣʱһͻġϴ󲻼˼Ļص
ԭˣЩһרԪ֮ˡˣڵһʲôţشӦ֪һЩɡͷһµͻȻʵ
֪ڵ飬ЩѰˡȻڴ󣬵س̶ȵĻȴڵһɵģû̫ഫġϴ˺¶һ˿Ϊѵı顣
ŶǺιʵģЩˡ
Ϊһʹšֻ˵ɽ˳޷Ŀֲط궼֣ŹͽʦӵиӦȪ֮ı£ٻӦԵСҲˣӵѡȡſʽĲֻ࣬ҪģȥšȻֻԶԵġϢĳĲ֪ˡϴһĻص
ʹȷʮֵаš⣬ǡૼֺʵ
ҵǸһЩ⣬ڡѪӵɽŵļšϴһһĽ
Ŷ⼸óЩһ²ӡ
óɽţ˵еӣʹɽֱնɱǿʮɣѪӵȴǡ
ϴЩû˼һһʮĸӽ

ºһֻںһ鲼Ĺٵǰɳš
ǰĳλϣɫƽĶһ
ڳ֮ڣȻϥ˫ĿգȻֿϥ֮ϣһһй֮
ϵöͭ΢΢
·֮䣬ңңĻӦ
ϴڳһǴǰһĻ΢΢˵ͷ
˵ʵĿʶеȣ;ϰԪƿ֮̿࣬ȴмֺȻˡ
˱Ҫ˯ʱ⣬ʱʱ̶̿ڴ߶ԪӦźͻҧһ˿ϵ
ڳԷ˵ʱ򣬶ԼͭŵĻƹ⡣
Ҫ֪һֿζ֮ľٶҶизǳߵҪ
һʿҲһִܼʱѣٳʱ仰ͱضΪƣҲ޷Уùѡ
˺֮£Ȼµġ
һ䵭ܹһĶáƿˡ
֪Ϊûʦָ£Ҳ㲻׵Ԫˡ

һºһʮɸߵСϣϴ󡢹ǰ
ԶڱĿŻҧֱ۸߸߾
Ȼһۣ΢΢һ¡Ԫܡ֡
ɲǼ䣬ͭһ֮ƹһһֱԲСܴиֱֶ֮ϡ
˶ܻƝһƬȻȫԪ۶ɡ
ڳˣȻֻ򵥵Ԫ֮˵ǳ˻ҧƷԭΪҪ²˲ģû뵽ʱѾˡϴһһֳԾ֮ɫ
Ҳλһ·ľĽ̵˵ġ˴˷ԲμӿʽһġЦе˵ֱһԲιһɢ


8 Ů
ȻԪѾգҲ÷ѧϰһЩֶˡʱ侫ͨĻûǲҪ̰ĺáҽֻѧ֣ϾҵѧϰĶͨȽź󣬿϶иõĴ߶ѡġϴ˵
Уǳһֹ⣬ʣµ־ԱΪˣѡԪɡȻԴҲпǣԥĻص
СŵѡģÿһʽĹǹ̶ģֻǽԪ÷ųȥѡҵȭĹԪšĵԪ۶ɵĽâйȹĻҧǱȽټͣҲûۼʶġӦòСġͷҽַ㣬оʲôģҶ˿ʱһġϴ䡣
ʱ÷ʩչһֶӭУҪԼܹʩչĴʿܺЩͽʦȣԪʮޣÿһζ÷һ־޴ġرĳʿһд߶ĴΣԪһˡûԪʿֻǱͨǿһЩѡҪˣҲѵĿ˵
һ˵ĻʿҪڶˣӵеķԽԽõġмˡ
һ˵˵ġϾмʿԪޣٶҲû̫áǶЩ߽׶ʿ˵ֲͬˡǵԪмͬ͵ķڶԵʱȻܹʹöֶο˵ʤʩչһֶΣҲֻͬʱ߶һѡ˵ЩŵͽʦƺֶδƵġ̫ģͲҺ͹ͨʿ֪ġϴɫص˵
лλָ㣬һЩˣԺҲһעЩġһ֣ɫȻ˵

ºһɽɽϣһš
ɽ쳣඼׵ͱڣҷǳխһֻͨһˣһ׽ʯΪߣ鲼̦ɽûޱȡ
Ҫ˶ʿԶˣ粻֪ˤ˶ӣδ֪ˡ
ϴ͹Ҳߵսսûжþͺ䤱ˡ
м꣬ʼɫƽƺǰȫ
ϴ˾֮£м䵨ˡ
˵׵ЩһΣոֵһᡣ
ʱɽ
ϸһ˶Щɵˡ
ɽȻĶһƬƽأտκӰڡ
شûҴطɡָĽص㣿üͷһ壬һ䡣
شܼǴطģҲʹ߻ûеɡϴ˲ϵȺЦ˵
˵ޣж೤ʱ䣿һ룬ʵ
ɡһǹӿڵ˵
Ȼʱ䣬ȵ˵ɡɽɨһۺ󣬾¶ĵ˵
˿̵ȻѾ׽˰׼Ľɫȥ
ϴ͹ȻᷴԵӦӦ
ǼһɾɽʯϢ
ʱһĹȥûж̫͸߸߹𣬵ʱ֡
ʱȻɽһ˽Ųڴ˾һ񣬼æ˹ȥ
ֻһͨɽɽڴӰһΣһˡ
󺺣һߣһ긾ˣԼӵһŮ
󺺱뺷쳣£浶
ɫۣòݣ˫Ŀ΢Уһɽӡ
ͨƤԱȳ˰׾һЩһɫ͸硣
Ůֻʮһͣļɰϣֻںڴۣת֮䣬ʱֳһ˿Ź־ɫ
һɽѾˣҲΪ֮һϸ˼ۺ߾͵˵һʲô
˴ӵŮߵɽһߴҲ˼ɽʯϢԼңңԵ˼
Ļһ˿ɻ󣬲תѯ۹⿴˹ϴˡ
õģǲ֮ˣӦӵ˵Ⱥʹߡٺ٣ǲûҴطϴ󷴶һЦ˵
ԭˣô˵Ӧû˻ˡ¶˼ı顣
˵ҪЩңǷóӦԴʽˡϴص
ͷȥˣ˫Ŀһյ붨
˿̵ϢʵԪĳڲͣţϵĻҧһֱ΢΢
һУҿȫڵסˣ˵ʲô
ûãһɫ΢ƵĽ۴󺺣Ȼվֱ˹
ϴ͹ˣĿһ¶֮ɫĿˡ
Ҳ˫Ŀ
¹ҿƣС֮λʺá֪λǡ´󺺲ûߵ̫߰ԶͣһĿʵ
ԭǴңľǰ׼ҿشҼ״졣ϴɫһݣæ˵
ԭǰ׼ҹӣ̫ˡҿвСĽ飬ҪҪһͬȥ´һ㶣ϷӦЦݡ
ţҼҹЩʣͲȥСˡϴһº󣬾ܵ˵
ŶǿϧˣǾ͵ȵ֮ҼСٺͰ׹һɡ´м⣬һۺҲûǿʲôһȭתˡ
ʲôͷ𣿡ȵ´Զȥſʵ
ֹ׼ǴһҡҺͰ׼ҿƲ࣬ǵ󡣹ĸ׼Ҳܺ൱ɡ˵Ұµͽ֮ࡣԱʮּɵ˵
ԭˣеҽôһ£ᱻǿʲôɡ׷ʵ
Ӧòᡣһʱ򣬰׼ҵȷҽһʱ䣬ڼƼҺ󣬲֪ʲôԵɣҾͺˡ˶˵֣ûм㱾˵ġϴʮֿ϶Ļص
һԵĹҲͷ
ΣеȻ
ͬʱУŮ´󺺵Ļظ¶һ˿ɫ
壬ǾȻǰ׼ҵˡ⻹Ǵɵĺܣ״Һ˵һεģûʲô̫ӡ幫֪λ׼𣿡ŮһתԱʵ
״졣ţ׼ҵȷôһλӦǰ׼Ҽ˽ӣԽյϥ¡ԣ΢΢һЦĻص
ھ˵һֱ׼Ҽء
ߣ׼ҼͶԲҹùãҲֵ̫ġλ׼Ҽλ˽ӻǿأȻ˵ǽμεĿʽŮһƲ죬һ˿м˵


9 ʹ
ܰ׼ҼΣȻλ͹ҲעһĴ㡣֪׼Щʵ˥˲٣óôԴ˽ǵˡҲû취׼һгǸɶʲΪͽ׼ҵӿɶûͨʽĶûм״Ӧüĸ˰׼Ҳϣɡߵ˵
׼һѡ͵ڣҲǿڴڿʽȡԴٷϡҪΪҲУɲμһεĿʽ͹򽻵ҿɲ̫ϲСһмֲӡ
ߣѾͷ˵ٴˣʽΣ֮顣ȻСϱֲûʽǰȻܿ϶ʵΡӦûһʽϵһְ񣬵ʱֻҪ΢ӦһȻܶ麣кΰΣͷֱܳסһġǰ׼ֲȱԴڵȼҲǲԵġɫһ˵
ǣ֪ˡһ߷ŭŮСٶ˵ʲô
Ȼ׼ҺΪùõ飬ֵһȹϵŹ˵㻹һЩ飬ҷڣұϵҲδϹλ״Ȼ׼Ҽ㿴أӦʻڿʽǰ£һһܿɹҺͰ׼ҲǲٻظսġùõȻЩźǶǰˣҲܱ˸ңҪԼΪ߲Ųæļ˵̵
Ȼһٸͬ⣬ҲֻСװͷ
λ幫Ϊʿڰ׼ҿнڼĵλͽĸҶײֺġ
ҲΪλ幫˵̣λ׼ǧжԡ״족ʶһ֮ġ
ԶȻһиֻ֪ĬĬԪ
ȻСһĶõ츳ʱ仹̫һЩҪڴһȻһ򵥵顣
㣬ڻ£ɽһһһҹ֮ãڼǸȡЩҴҳЩ
ȵڶʱʱ򣬴ҵɽϣ
ȴȻֻһһ˶ѡ
һɫۣƣһ˳ĺ̴
ٵģȴһƵĸߴ꣬һոµɫƤ΢ڣЩ
һɽѾˣΪ֮һ
߼Σȴ⣬кһɽһط
Ҳ֮ˣĻ̲סһ䡣
ӲǣӦɢޡϴٶ˺󣬲ص˵
Ŷ˵ʽֻӵܲܵõ𣿡Ȼ
Ҳܵõһ£ֻҲ㹻¿ġɢʿҲóͬԴȻҲܾġһٳֵģһ֣žԻԲμӿɢ޵ʮӡͨʽļʣԼ֮ϡϴ˵ƺһһټΪصģ
ŶΪΣмֲ⡣
ٺ٣˵һҲҪ˽ǡɢ˵ȴʮ˵Ļ۶Ҫһգӵʵȷʮ־ˣͨʽķְգһĵġһΣȴǹٺһĻص
˵Է֮һܳΪͽˡ˺аתֿߴһۣȴʵڿк쳣֮
ɢӵܲμӿʽ飬ÿζ̫ᷢġû뵽úһͬһص㡣пܵĻʹ˺úýύһ£˵Ժһôġϴһº˵
֪ȥˡ˸ߴһۣͲ˵ˡ
һеġ幫ȻҲһۿһһٵɢݣԾ֮£ͬŮһһʱûȥкʲô
һֹУ˾ˮˮľɽȥ
һһҹȥɫһ΢΢ʱԶͻȻʼ΢תۼͱ
ɽϢˣȫһվ֮ȥ
ֻԶУ֪ʱһƬɫƣ˵
ǽʹߵˡԺҶ˾Ͳܺһˣйذ׼ҺһʿӦ֪飬Ѿˡǧ¶ˣֻҪܹʹһأһˡϴ󵱼ĳ
ʹĻۼʹߵҲһ˿֮⡣
һԵĹҲͬĿ
Ҳһ֮ˣǿɽɽʱϾҲκε쳣ˡ
ʵķɵɽϿյʱȻȻֹһϴ˳μӱڿʽ֮ˣűڵĽɡʹ֤֮󣬻Ҫȥطнְ𡣡
䣬·Ȼһݴ̵ֱɽĴ
ơ
ˣ΢΢һδüѯʲôϴȴѾͳһУһЦݵ˵Сģֱӽʹߴ˾ˡ
ת˼£ûٶ˵ʲôץ֮ݡ
͸ߴ꣬ҲһͬЩŵ˹
Ƭ̺˾ͼͬʱߵݴŲһٺ󣬻˼ۡ
ЩʱֱȡǵĿʸ񡣡ȴЩͷˡ
һ£͸ߴһٵļæݣһǰһȥ
ЦһЦͬȥ
ݿƣ˫һȥȴһһʵϵĸо
а棬ȴߵ̫ǰ߿ȥ
Ƭ̹ǰȵ˺·ǰĺһҧ󣬾˽ȥ
ߴԥһºҲ׳ӵ˽ȥֻǶԱǰӲ˼֡
ںĿù˶ȴʲôɣһֱû˺С
ںһӴ˲䣬ֻ΢΢һǰһ󣬾ͻȻһķ޴ƽ̨ϡ
ƽ̨ĶСɭɭɫԵʮ񣬲һ׹Ļȫ¡
ƽ̨Уվ԰ټƵŮúĿ³ֵˡ
һ̧ȥ
ֻ߰ɸߴһСҰɫžȻһµӡ
һЩӣ۾ˡ
ֻǾͽóٱ֤һݡ


10 
ǣʦˡǹҵ飬ҵĽƣ˲鿴ԣæһڷ˫
Ŷʦˣҿɲʦֻһͽѡʦ麣δķ׼ġӿ˵ţݻɻһЩ·һ֡
ಡһ
Ůһ³ȥС
λʹߣһָڹĳһ㡣
ۡһ΢΢һ󣬴ӱһСƬםĻ
ڹĻУһŮӰ֣˷δвͬ⣬̬ޱȣֻ俴Сһ֡
ţ㲻վǱȥˡֻɨһۣ͵ͷ˵
ԣʮָ˵ĳǣƽ̨Ĵ
߳壬ݼʹߴˣߴҲӻͳͬһƣ߸Щŵ˵
߳塭οʽеɢ޵֮һ˵ΪҵͬʦܣһĽưɡѵϾһ˿Цݣֵ˵
ͬһУʩһ
߳ȻҲˡ
׼Ұ״죬˲ƣһҲ֮
˿ЩţϿ˿쳣
һΣĵɨһۣһԲĽҲ˹ȥ
ͬ׹һһ״족Ȼӳֶ
ĿӰһɨ΢΢һ
Ӱеġ״족а˾ŷֵƣʱȻһɫ̬Լ͸һ˿ĽᣬЩͬġ
ס
ӴӰеġ״족ۣٿ˿һֳۣһ˿
һϵͭ΢΢˼£ջվԭδһ¡
ţŽһ꣬ı䵹ǲ١һûΪ׼ɣǰЩ֮Ǹĵ˲١ӻ˵
⻰дһæص֪һ㣬Ҳֻ϶Щ๦ȡһߵĿ֮
ٺ٣麣ɲǿ¿๦ͨ飬ˣڸ˵ЩãԺȻ֪ôһˡȫҸطãϾҪһصˡȺٺһ˵䣬ͲԸ˵ķԸ
Ůԣ׷׾͵
˼ˣҲƽ̨һط
֪ǷΪͬһصԵʣ˾ʶûзֿ˽һ
£˭Ҳûȿڡ
ʱȴһתȡһҰɫԲ̣һκ󣬾һ·ֱû߿չĻвˡ
һ̣Щһз⣬һƽ̨ʹһɾ޴Եĳһ
ûȵŮȫһˤĶᡣ
ǰŮһҲһŤľˤҿԱߵĸߴۼֿ죬ȻһһץסŮֱۣȵ˻
лߴ磡Ⱥֳһ˿Σߴ˵һ
ûûʲôֻǾ֮߳͡Ůлȴм޴ӡ
Ůߴ걨һЦȴת׳ݺݵһۡ
¶ЦЦɫ
ʼնţҲܳŮһѣȴûгֵ˼
һȻӡһ֡
ʱȴĿӶŲԶһҰɫϡ
ǳأƺǺ𣬷·һֻƾճһһ㣬Եʮ׶˿˲з
ߣСҾСңȻҹιͨĹûмΣƲһ죬һּ˵
ŶС֪ʲôʱһ˿Ȥ֮ģʵ
һԵĸߴ꣬Ҳɴ˫ۡ
ԭٺ˵ʲôһߴ飬һԼ幫ĻһתĻЦݣȻߴҲ֪Сþ׳һˡҹιֽйҹ棬ǰٹҹͼһ˹֮һ˿Է⣬ʵȴ޶鲻ΪǧȻڵӣȴԹ˽Ķ࣬ҹιص˵һҲ˵һøŮҲ˹
ߣȵͽ׹ʲô˽ġ֮ܽҲҪѱһͷ㲻ѧϰ֮һĸһͷɫ꣬ȻЦһ˵
ǲС֪ͽУҲֻʹһЩ伶ֻӣʹһֻѡ׹ʦǣҲûмܹʹġ鿴˺ַһۣ˵
ַԣȻһЦ˵
׼ҵӣһԷɫʱһ䡣
ԱŮ˺ַֺҲһ׷ֳһ˿η֮ɫ
˵׼ǵطϵһ⣬׼ȴŽǰȻڸųΪͽʮ㣬˵׼ŻʦȽ׵Ĵڡ
׼ҵӣ󻰻ǵ˿ʽ˵ɡаԾĵĽԲԸ׹Լ档
һΣȴٶ˵ʲôһŮԱߵĸߴ󣬾ͺٺһЦת뿪ˡ
ʼգûпԵκһۡ
ڵδǰһ޶һ㡣
׵ϣ˰ͲԼԽԽãΪֻܻĸһЩ
һЩʵˣڵͷһڻһġ
Ȼ׵ϲһҲûиıԼ˼
ʱ͸߳׽һ֣˽̸ңʱһŮЦİų˶֮⡣
Ҳںʲôٴμ󣬾ԭؼ
ʣµ߰ڣ޴ƽ̨ÿչ⾰ͻһطͣ٣ˣʮ˵ĽһЩŮ
ƽ̨㼷İˣ޷ȥʱӲڲٽˣԦƵء
º󣬾޴ڷɹƬɽһƬϿգֱ۶ȥ
ǰһǰȻʮһľɽ
һҲ˺¡¡һźɫͬһɽɳ۶
Ƭ̺źƾһǰһĽӽɽһɽɽ¡
ȥɣɽڵˡ
ƽ̨ȵƽʱϵĺƺ͹ĻʱȫһɢȻϿյӵԸһ˵
ڶŮϲ֮£׷״ƽ̨һ¡
ȴƽ̨Եפ㣬˫Ŀһеϸһ


11 
ֻƽ̨֮ȻһƬͲݵأݵزԶĵطһƬϡϡ֣Լɼһʯݡ
ʯڼۣĿɨ˲ݵһߴ
ֻʮԶطһһ޶ƽ̨ҲŮ߳
ȥɣҪʲôʱ򡣡󴫳һ˿ͷһɫ΢Ĵߴٵ
ʱƽ̨֮Ѿʮ֮˾ţפ㲻ȷЩˡ
΢һ׵ĸһҲǰȺȥʱ̧ͷԶ޷һۡ
ֻɽޱȣ°ز֣޼һͲͬĽһִɽǷ·һƣֱͨɽ֮ϡ
ɽϰزϱֱƣһƬɫڵ޷κζˡ
һŻƴϰɽһ£һ˻δ֮ˣ٣ŮֻǷɵĸߣ޷ݡ
ЩȻǺһͽ⾭ݵϿʱºĴۣȴһ۵ĴӸ߿ֱӼƶ·Ůһ˷ܵ۷׷ס
ЩĻԼΪͽɰ
ʱҲ߳ʯ̨·ӣѵʾڣɲԼҡ˶죬źöӸ
λʹһ˵꣬ͨʯȺһС·ȥŮһҺ󣬵Ҳǿųӵĸ˹ȥ
һߵʯ̨ϣȴһɫŮӼƷɳͬһŮһС·߽С
һֻһһ
˷ԸֻǳȻںһ𣬲֣ܿ߳һʯǰһտ֮
ʱѾʮͳһɫεŮվȺˡ
ҺѮʦöѾ˴ˣǽǷֿһЩɡ뿪ʽлҪµʱ䣬ڴڼǿڴƺ¸תת뿪Υȡμӿʽʸ񡣡ʮŮԸ
ǣʦ֣ѮʦģҵһὫ׵ġһò׶Ĵ󺺣ǰһ˳Ļص
ţʦ飬һķĵġҺʦþǰȥִýȥˡӵͷɫԻ˵
ŰɫŮӣдʵһ¸һƵһж𣬲һɽȥˡ
ˣЩСһҲˣԺҪס֮áڴڼ䲻뿪һһҷ˭ܳȥĻһ֮ʮ£ڶʮξֱȡʸˡзܵĴһ뿪̽ŵһվֱڳŮ˵
ʲôղʹߴ˲˵ڸתתô˲뿪ˡǲμӿʽģɲεġһ⻰˲
Сӣ˵ʲô
ɫһֳǰһץǰһ׳ʵ꣬ʱһξһ֮£ֱӼĵıȺ泯µˤ˸ס
վʱһ¶һ̵߳ðŶ󺺣ȴ֪Էʵ֮𣬲˹ȥˡ
ʵǣЩʮǰҲһҲǲμӿʽӣֻûгɹ۵ġǱ߰˰˵ӣʵܳΪͽʮ֮㲻ˡڿʽϣ뻹Ҫ֮˻ܷɵıʣµ˲ܳΪһŵӡ˵ȫүǵүСƢǵҲǿɲġʦǰ˵ģҲһ䳡滰ѡƺĴҴܹ֣ȥһһտ˵һ䣬ЩΪ͵ҲǸ߼ʿҸǶʿ˲ĻдһֻҪܴĹʲôү˵֡ܿһŮ¶֮ɫ˵
һŮ⻰ԭȵ˷֮ĶʱɣһЩų֮ˣֱ¶ηı顣
ԷȻǶʿһɴ಻ǵͼʿŮǻٺͶԷִʲô
ԷǰĿ֮ԣ˿ûУʿ۵ʱе΢΢һ
λҲʮӣӵ㾪˵ʵȻɲͽֻҪܻڣпܻǿʵ
οʽһҪͨ
ˣҪӣֵ˶վܼԼȼ䣬סǰŮ¶֮ɫ
ȻҲһЩб֮Ȼںģ
Դ˵Ҳûϵ
ֻҪˡ
ЩݵŮҲȥǵġ
Ͼ׿˵ͨʽļʣҲҪߵĶࡣ
ʱһʮŮѾŵ˳һɫ鱡ʼĵ
һ򣬾ϰ˱ŮʯȺ˹ȥ
㣬ÿһŵӶһŮߣתۼ䳡оֻʣһ߰ʮҡ
߳塢顢˺ȻȫС
ٵˣȫɣ԰ǡɨʣ֮һۣһ֣ǳϵ˵
ŵӼˣȫһνɫɢˡ
ʣµŮһɷ󺺺Ҫǣнɫһ°˼֡
ȴԴ˲ܲʣתĳһʯȺ˹ȥ
ٺ١һЦһȻ߳Ⱥȸ˹ȥ
λ׼ӵܡ
˼ˣŸӲͷƤһѷĸ˹ȥ
򲻻ŲæУ˿Ĳۡ
ۼһŮԶ󣬸һŴ󵭵һ𣬾һֳվӰ
һ΢ƣۣͷһɫľ˫ֵһȴͷɢ̹أһɫ޴«
ʦܾΣһӵк𣿡֮ԶŮȻͬһ䡣
ߣʦֲ֪ûʽܿʲô֧ʽſʼѡ˵һʦΪЩӵˡǰҲӦôӱѡ𣿡һЦеԲףһ⻰һ䡣
ֲǲ֪֧Щжӵоϵӣͱ֧ԤˣĹҪѡӣֻܴЩҵһˡ˵һλɢ޵Ӳμӣϸ۲һ£˵ջ񡣡˵
ʦȻ˵ĴеʱܿЩʲôȵʽһЩɽͷֻһѷüͷһ˵


12 һĶ
ߣѾˣЩӵҲҪģǾͱΪֲˡ֧Ȼû꣬ҲݱﵽͷϵġɫһĻص
Ȼʦ¶ˣСܺʦȻһֵ֧ġһֻ֧ʣʦȻҪͬ˵ġ˼һº¶˵
һ˵⻰ͻȻɫһ䣬һҿԽæ«ժ£һΣй˼ڴɫҺ塣
һŨŨľдȻĳֲ֪Ҿơ
Ҿ¶Ǻɫźÿ˼֡
ʦܣû°ɣںǶ缲ˣҩӦԵĻα겻αġˣ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ʦַģֻҪʱ⡮ơܿƺķ̫ĵġһЦĻصƺԼδϵġ
Ϊ֣֪սʦӦʦܶ๮һ¾磬ȥ¡˵㺮ġʹϧ˵
ⲻʦ֣ҪȥġϾʦֵʱҲͷ޷뿪Ű벽ʦȴѾΣڵϦˣ޷ʱġҡҡͷ˵
οʽȥʦһΣһҪٶҪŴ˵ȻҲԻһʹࡣص˵
ˣʦڱأǰδѾɽͷˣȥĻаѱСӿЦ
㲻ùܴˡҪӦԵġȴһ˵
ԥһºû˵ʲô
̸ֽ֮˼󣬾һɵٴʧˡ
ʱŮߵһ½ʯǰʱڴһָ£ͱ׷װ˽ȥ
ƿȴ˿˿ľĴʱһɵķǰ
һľһͬʵľΣһĻҰʯһ㱡޲죬κζˡ
һУǵû¶ʧı飬̾һ󣬼ߵʯϾʹ
ʯƵļª裬׵ϵļ񲻽һ
֪˶ú»عһ˼󣬾ͿʼϸʯимҾ߰裬ֻ֮ͨκ쳣󣬲ɵɵʯϣʼĬĬһЩ
꣬Ϊ֮ٸֱ͵׵飬Ȼ꣬ȴȻǵϸڡ
ʱ·ʱгԼ⣬ֻмʹ˶ѡ
ĸף䶮֮ʱδʱΪѲ뿪
ѣǴδ̸
˿Լ˵길״ŻӤӺԶĵطǨġԭǾסģ˭Ҳ֪
丸ǳϸ񣬴Ӹһµʱ򣬾Ϳʼֶ飬䱳һЩž伮
丸ǰϣͻȻõȥƴĳֱ֮ǴλñĹ죬øߵ˺󣬲ݵġ
丸ͱӿڵòˣֱӱ͵׵ϡ
ЩòҲûһͯӿܵõʲôϢɡ
һ뵽ȻĵǸ֮ڣͲһЦѡ
Сʱ֪Ǹζʲôȴ˵̶ѨҲ˶١
û㹻ʵȥֱɱǲ˶ٵġ
길ǰ֣Ǹ֮϶ʮشܣʮа˾ź͸ױץֱӹϵ
Ļʹ߾Ȼá󲻾ֱ丸أ϶ҲǴ֮ˣһֶ̽ο¸ãܷݾߣԼɱ
ɱ֮ܲ
뵽һ˿Ͳе֮ɫ
ǰΪһĪչֻҪܳΪͽ߻ͨʽʵٽӦþǲѵˡ
һ뵽˵ӵͨĿֲʹһԼЩţҲ΢΢һ
йؿʽḷ̌ȻҲ;ϸѯʹϴˡ
ϧֻǰ׼ҵĸ߽ˣ֪Ļ治ֻ֪࣬ͨʽδ̻ǿֳʽ۳ͽʿ麣
ֻӵ麣ͽſԽԪһתΪԪٶҲǰ֮𣬸ͨʿܹġ
麣ⶫ֣ϴ˶Դһ֪ЩΡ
ˣҲǼӽһ¿Ԫ֮
Ȼ֪һЩǷܶԿʽаҲڴˡ
ԼӵʱȻʣ࣬ӦûЩЧġ
һ뵽Լ츳ʱǲһ̵¶һ˿Ц
һɲӵеģǵ꾭о䣬֮ͯ׵ĿһѪ󣬴һͻȻԼĪֹŹ츳
ԽԼʶӲһΪͬһʱָܹһԵ顣
ʹеЩһĶá츳Ĳͬ
һΪ뾫ֻҪһĶֱܷĽ׳󣬲һܹһʶǣһ봦״̬
ͨ˵ġһĶáȴεġ
쳣С׵ϵѯʣӿ˵ϲһЩص伮󣬲ڿ϶ԼӦڡһĶáһֱǿ
ֱ쵽ʲôǷӵʲô󻼣Ͳ֪ˡ
ӵ츳Ȼ˷ѣЩĶþ˾˵Ƿ˵һϡ
Ҫˣڶಶͺڻ׷ɱ£Ҳܼǰ㳤õġ
ǰҲûڹϴ͹ǰչִ츳ȫð߾Ϣɲһһ򵥵顣
׵ϵʱֻҪԸ⣬ҹͣĳؼȻֻҪ˯һͿԾָˡ
˵ʱ伸ͨ˵ϡ
ҲСͣ׵ǰƫؼĸԭ
뵽˫Ŀ΢΢Ƭ̺󣬾һһʯˡ
˵Ϣʵһݳ޵顣
ڽʮضĳԷʱ䣬̤ԼʯһҹͣԪ֮
ԭ߶ЩɬĻҧ֮£̶ʮھͱǰӵӦһЩ
ڼ䣬ŮЩһʯݵıŲЩȴй䣬Щֵܵľۼһ첻̸֪ʲô顣
ܵһŵӣԴȴֻҪַ߳ΧƾһŮɻ
ʽеһ죬ڵˡ


13 ̨
ʯȻӵ˶ʽڽУһǵʽĻ̨
ȴʯлصѣ
һʯ˳ȥ
ֻŮһѷʱС·ȥ͸ľ϶ԼԿҰɫƽ̨ڲݵ֮ϡ
ӡʦ֡ŰɫġѮʦ㡱ˣվһУƽ̨Ϸ
ܵʮŵӣ򹧾ڸֶ˿ǰʱ׶ӡ
һŮΣҲȻ˼֣ȫ˽ŲĽ뵽ƽ̨С
һҲĿ·һɨûȱ٣͵ͷһ֣һԲ¡
Բ̵ų⣡
һ̣ۡһƽ̨һͬʱһɫĻֶƽ̨ȫ¡
ƽ̨ЩΪ֮һ׷ſڵһɹŨŨ
Щڹ֮£̼ͻΪƽƽ̨͹ĻȫֽС
ˡһƽ̨ڿնԶľ޷ȥ
վһ񸽽Ŀ˿˿⣬·˼ʲô
ԶĵطȻڵ̸͸߳ˡ
ŽʮûһŮͱøȻ
ƽ̨ĴȻվĴӵʮӵܡ
طҲл߰ˣʮ˵ĳΪĵľۼһ
ЩڣЩŮԷγ˲С塣
ͨʽʲ󣬰ϣĸϣΪͽ֮˵ˡһǳΪŵӣԺҲҵɽ
Щӵ֮ǰгǰõģĿ¶ȸȦ˺ü
Ҳıһ
߳ΧȻҲŮߴʮǰԶһ֮ɫ
ȻҲв˿λɢ޵ӵǰ;
͸߳ˣԴƽ̨λͬһ͵صġͬ顱δк˼
˵ֻǵԹһС
ƽ̨ưȻ޷һУһٷ΢΢һ󣬹Ļھӵ̨Ѿˣǿȥˡ
䣬ƾɢͬʱĻһʧ
̧ƽ̨һɨ󣬲һ
ֻǺȻһ޴Բ͹㳡֮У㳡ԵһȦȦĻθ̨ȻȺ֮ǧӣԼ֮
ЩֻһСͽǸЩͽߵŵӣ·һӡ
θ̨һԱط߳࣬߰ɫΰĵӰ
ǲվ̸ʲô
㳡Ĵϰ۵ŵӣһһһִʣڵϻһŤĴִơ
Ͽգ߰˸Ƶͽطɶһһͼʲô
Щƻཻ㣬濴Լγһ޴ɫͼ
ͼִƽ֯صԼγŹֵɫ֣˶࿴һͷĿѣ֮С
ֻǶͼһЩĿ˼ۣͲҶ࿴ļæջĿ⡣
һŮڴߴ£׷ƽ̨Щ޴վɫͼԵ
ʱȻк¡¡һ죬Ȼеƴ
һɢ󣬴ӵƽ̨߳ŵӷεһŮ
ЩŮӵܲͬɫ侲ϻһ˵Ϣһƽ̨̾ųС
ߵӵȺʱһɧ
ʱ˭Ҳ֪һȻԼӡ
˵ӵÿ˲ſһ˳ΪͽԼӣ򼸺ʮоһܹ麣ɹġ
ɹʣӵܵʮϡ
ѹÿξпʽʱֻǽЩҵԩͷĺһƼӵܲδϵġ
ŶŮͫҲһ
Щӵ侲ͲһӵܿɱȵģԷϴϤϢӦ˻ܹʲôѪȳɡ
ʱ򣬹㳡ĴɫͼڻϣЩŵе˳˹㳡
ͽȻԭأȡһЩȭͷ峺ʯ׷װװͼؼλ׼õİУнٿӡ
Щͽװ־Ӹµٴһһ
ʱߵǽظ̨ϣһɢɫӰӰȻЦһĿˣλʦʦã˵һĲʵ˼ĺӡƺʦܺʦûΪһã֪ģ
ʦ֣ҪΪʦӿȷֵģʦ־ȻصĺӲһţвһ֧һ׹еӰһ⻰Щŭ˵
˵ĺӰڵĵ
ʦã⻰ɲˡһôӣһ֧һҲģǹһ֧ȻѾȦһӣ⺢Ӿøɷһɡһ̝ϼĸߴӰǺһЦ˵ƺһҲŭ
ߣڰֻ֧һ֧ʺŮȥ̣ʣڵķ׳󡣡ʦ⻰ķ˳ָԷһñӡ
ʦòģһñʦΪͽָġٺ٣ʦĹͬʺŮᵢ⺢ӵСʦٺһ˵
㡭
ˣˡ»Ҫ濪麣˵ӵپ˵壬麣ûпҲվõġȴһֵĴϵ
һʦ֡˵ʦܺʦõҲüȥֻܳһĲ˵ʲô
ˣʦܣǾӤһ֧ѡõĵˡֳٵĻҪֶˡһתף̨ԵĳҹаӰʵ
лѡһеļĵӣһ֧ģξҵѡɡҰ׹Ӱԣ΢΢һĻص
Ȼǵڴƺһε
ӵܣѵһҵҲʲôӳˣ֪ʦֿеļǼҲһɡλʦܡһƺмָȤʵ
ʦҲûа취Żȥҵѡģʲô̫õӡʦֵĻص
ǺǣʦһС㡯ͷǼɲ̫Ŵ˻ġʦֵ׿ļӵܣѵ˵󣬻ҵȥɣʦЦһ˵


14 
Ȼʦ˵ˣĳ˵Ҳ޷ġҲżλʦٰҲҵҲǾӤһ֧ģһƤҪˡһ󣬾һּ˵
⻰һڣʦܵ˶Ρ
ȻӤһûʱԷֱ˵˵Ȼǻһֱ˴ĸо
ʦܷģ㾡ܽеĵ˵ĻȻҵ۳ʲôţһѡƺҲЩԾӤһ֧Ȼ˵
лʦ֣һϲһֵĵл
˼ˣЩˡ
ʵһУĳҲǰаνֻǿ˼ǱĵӶѣܲͨʽ˵飬޷ʦıӿɱȡеɢ޵ӣҺʦܶѾӴˣжϣи߳ĵӣӦвСǾһڳɢ޵ӣӵһĿ츳һĹ֮Ŀ֮ڱؼյġһɢ޵ӣƽƽˣʱʳһݣԪ;һʴ涾ͨʽҲоϲ˵ġҵӣҲӴ˼ȴֻһ׼ҵֵùעˡ˵ҲһǾ׼ҵѪ֮ӦҲ̳˲١
һһԼж˵˳óʦܵ˶ЩȻĶˣȵĻǵÿ˵ʲô
ʦ֣Сҵֶ²ܽǾӤ£ʦܴġһʼû˵ӰȻõͳ˵
Ҳµ˵ģҶֻǹ۲һ£δĳԽӴ˿֣¶ϧ֮ɫ̾һ
лʦ£ʦ΢΢ЩǸ˵
˵ʦܴ㽫ָɢ޵ˡʦȴ̲סĲ˵
ȷˡôʦѵıע⣬ǰѡеӺͱѡеĶԻһ²ɣЦһ˵
ȻʦȿеģʦҾͲˡʦܴ˸ǷæӦ˹ȥ
Ȼ߳ɢ޵ӲǿеǼȣԻһϼԽġ
ãɢ޵ֻҪͨ飬͹ӤһˡҲϣӤһܹ۷磬ֻǰ֧ͬЭڸǿġˣҲһ˵
⻰е΢΢ͷеȴ޶ԡ
üͷһ壬˵ЩʲôʱһͽѾԦһƵĴӹ㳡˹ԶԶ͹˵ţѾ׼ϣʱԿˡ
Ȼ׼׵ˣǾͿɡԣ˼˵
ǣţӹһת˻ȥ
ͬһʱ䣬ڶҵУеһŮͣ
ʵֹһˣĿŮɨӲѡ
ڵҲвˣÿһͻ͵͵Ůۡ
Ůòʵ̫ˡ
Ʋʮͣȴӿڣѩһͷں㷢ֱͷ䣬һ˵ջ֮Уһһһٵľ֮С
ŮƺԱעϰˣƾ˶ĿԼϣȴȻ΢Ц˿Ϊӡ
Ůһ󣬲ȻһҧĽĿǿջأͬʱһ
ĪǾǴ˵еɣŮСѾ޷԰ˣٴϼĻǸӵĻ
ǣԷӦڶ飬Ϊǰ˭ûзڣôһڣźȻֳһ֮Ů
ЩǣЩ͵ŮһЩŮŮĿ⣬ԼҲһ˿Ľ֮ɫ
ŮʵаŵĺܣԶԶܿĺá
Ѹپ˾
˿ûõĶһʼ͵͵ȥȷŮ⣬ʱһ״Ŀ׷ױЩĿŵ
֪˶ãŮüһ壬ҵߵһɨ
нӴĿ꣬׷ĵͷȥҲǰļԳݲͬ꣬øȵĿӭ˹ȥ
ŮĿ⾭ϣ䲢δһĿԼ㳡зʱĿ΢΢һ٣ƺһ⣬ϾͲһɨ
¡һ죡
һɫͻȻɫгһֱͨ򿴲ͷС
㳡ǶЩ峺ʯҲȫ˴Ŀ׹⣬ͬʱҲʼͳһɫƺ
ͬһʱ䣬Ȼܿһƺһ¶Щʲô
һɺһͶʱеһ֮й᳹ȫþΪ֮һ
˴󾪱䣬ڽЩŮ֮еŮˣ׷¶Ծ֮ɫĿ㳡ϵɫ
ͬһʱ䣬޴̨ϣ޴󣬵һԸ
ʦܣͰԭģʽˣʦܼϡʽ¹رں̴£λʦǧá
ǡԣһݵĹǡ
ڶŮУʱվڸ̨ϵǼݷͬСɵӰͻȻڿն¿տֱ㳡Ĵ
Щӵܣһɧ
ӣ⼸ӰһɽʱȴͻȻͬʱİϣͬ˵μλʦ壡
ɡһǷԸ˷ֳɰ˵һСٺ٣УԸ麣һʹɷһΣǷ˲ԸðգԸ˳ģһӰõͳ˵ǰ̨Ϻ˵ʦܡ
⻰ԼӣЩҵӾ˿ڡ
˴ʱȻ˭ġ
ãܺãʦڸ߿˵ֺ󣬾ײ˵ˡ
·ȺУúĿŸ߿еļˡ
ڵȻþȫҲ޷ΰЩӰеݣмơ
ʶɨӶʱȴȻŮӾȻˣԭӦڵλãԼȻҲǵòˡ
Ҳǵ֮˾Ҳһһְռĸо
ҵƺҲ˷Ůڵ飬ʱһɧ϶¶ŵı顣
̨ϣżˣĿӶһ΢ЩŮһɨ󣬺ȻһЦĳԱͬûַʦ˵֮Ȼˣûп麣ӵ㾪˵ЧģȳΪͽ󣬻֪ᷢӶܡ
ߣҪˣͳʦ⺢ӡϧȻϡУҲʮּѡ֮ΪѹԼĶʱӲ̫ƵġʦúһЩʵ˵


15 飨ϣ
֮ȺսӦΪĶʱȴв˼ܣ˵ֻҪ⺢ܹɹ麣ھҩҲҪΪӲȥġȻ˵
ǰ⺢ӶԱδȷΪҪ˵Ǳں֮һһεҵУСӻЩͷ˻ͬĲĿмǿΪͽҲͽûϣʦġɢ޵Ӷ޷麣ɹҵҲӣ¹ʦֻʧġʦȵͷֺȻһת˵
ɢ޵֮һʿԳΪͽʦӦò˵ӻܳΪɹģ˵ҵӲ֮˵ȴһ㲻ͬġһºҡҡͷ˵
ʲôѵСÿۣЩҵлʣԣûпʦҲ۵ģʦԣһ
Ҳ֪СӦЩ˼΢΢һЦͻȻһָǰһһԲȦȦеһûһ峺ˮĹ⾵渡һ۵ꡣ
̧׿ſеһʦĿ΢΢ѣȻ
Сһƺûʲô⣬ѵдеЩ岻ɣʦÿŹ⾳һŻʵ
ǲҲ֪Сһﾫ֮ӦҲһǿĶࡣŲæ˵
Ŷʦ֪ģʦԣȻ
ܼ򵥣ղǺ֮йʱֻСһһֱδ˿Ӱ죬һܿԼȥѾͷλԿ֮ɳһˡ΢΢һЦĻص
ԭˡ˵СһﻹֵڴһˡʦЩȻˡ

Ȼ֪ԼΪŮ飬ȻĪλʦС
ڵ۾ĸԴӹ㳡з󼤷еĸ쳣֮
һԪܴ̼ıǰת˽֮࣬һֱ̧ۣӦһ޵ͣȻ΢ļĵȷȷǴڵġ
һ˿ɫɫĿһ˿ڴ֮ɫ
ڷܸܵ־˱仯ˣȽ뵽棬ЧԸӵľˡ
ʱѵҺʦȻһԸ
䣬̨ܸ֮ʱƷɳʮͽ
Щͽȫͳһĺɫۣиһɫƿ̼˷ԵͬʱƿǴ򿪣һƿ״һġ
֮ۡۡ죡
һɹɫҺƿһΪʮߵļ䵽ϿմȻΪםڸ߿
ڵ̽뷨󣡡еġʦܡһȡ
ڵԣǰһп񱼶ȥһѡһλõϥ¡
ˡ
յʱһʦͺһ·һ
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Щһݺ󣬵פȺ
ЩҵûзԸ£ֻܴ۵С۵վԭزҶ
еҲûʲôԹ⿪ʽԭҪԼӵģԼЩ˱ŵ棬ҲûʲôɱԹġ
Щ˻ᣬȿڵγ麣ġ
ȻǶӼгﲻ֪˵˶ٱˣԼĿ̿£˵֮ջԼʱܹһְյġ
ǲܷΨһǰ˽⿪ʽĻᣬŷĵļضĿ꣬Ҳգһˡ
ʱʦһеȫϥú󣬵Ӱһζ󣬾վڷϷļضλôʼĿдͬʱȫӿֳһֲֿ֮ѹϢ
һӴЩϢ󣬾һĺмԲҵӣɫһ׵ֱ̱˵ϡ
Щصȴƺܵĳֱֲѹ޶ã˿ӰӣЩ͵ſʦһһ
ʦڷ߶£ϢԽԽǿ󣬲һֱ̧𣬻һָ
һƺߺһɫҺ״ָ⴦һֱӷǰЩҺİɫС
һ̣˵һĻˡ
İɫһ󣬺ȻͨɫҺ弤ɿںһ塣
תۼ䣬һһ˸ߵɫ͹ţڸ߿γɡ
ȥ
ʦֳǰɫңңһ㡣
޴ң£·ǰ׹ȥһ׼ȷޱȵ·һڵϡ
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·ɫžޱȵһ㡣
飬ɫڽѹס󣬲δʧʦ£һ΢΢󣬾ͽС
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ͬһĻҲطš
ʦͬڼһεɫҺ壬ȻΪһſž޴Ŵ䣬·һһڡ
󲿷ӶͿʼһ㣬ֱӱѹڵ޷ֻмرǿӵĳɾѹŹһ㱻ûȥ
ʦ⼸ģͷ֪ʲôĿĸԼ⼸ӵλò
ЩʦʩǼ죬һյ蹤󣬾۳˰ɫҺ壬÷ÿһӶѾŰ֮С
ʱʦһͳһƣ˵ĳ·һΡ
һ죡
һĴָϸɫ漤£һŵû뷨ĵһžʯ֮ϡ
䡱һ
˾ʯһ֮󣬷׹һ׹
ʣЩɫ㣬һģ󣬾ΪʵƮ¡
ʹ֮⣬ܸܵһı仯˫Ŀ΢΢һС
ʱʦȴڷϿճˣǼѾԪŨ̶ȣͬʱֺķԼһҺԪϣг麣̡Ҫģǽ߶Ԫһڵﴦ۳Լ麣ڼȻʹޱȣǧһ㡣ǷҪȫԼˡԻָ̣֮
ʦһ˵⻰ɫȻĳʦһкԹԵĴȡһӲǰһ׶


16 飨У
ɫӭһ֮󣬾ͻΪһƬɹĻ֮С
ĻУһСɫ֣⡣
ʦһһ˺Ѷ¶Լ
ȻһĴ󺺣һۣԲһվ͸һݵĸо
ʦŽɫĻ֣зһ䣬źϿʼ
ȴȷ֣ԼȻʲôûĿҵȥ
ҲһȻ
ȻֻԼһˡ
ĿȥʱȴЩӣ󺺿ڵ˲䣬Ͼͷ׷ֳʹɫЩ˵ϾͿʼŤͬʱǵİɫҲһĿѡ
ʦֶιȻޱȣ˵ġԡȻֻĳһΧ÷ĵط˿Ӱ졣
ʦǵġΪڴ
ȣʿȻҲܽʩչһЩСֶΣԸᲢۡ
顱顱촫
ķ꣬һ鴤ͷ­ͻȻڵıѶԭİ׹һͷʬҲ˼εֱӵڵϡ
ѪһĻһЩСЩӵܵʧڣҲɫһס
δڵĿô˾Ҳ¶һ˿ɫ
д󺺵ʦǷһͽԴȴ޶á
Ŀմͷʬһɨʱ򣬵ڵһվֿ輸ºͷ­ҲһµըѶ
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ô˵ÿһ϶Ͷ˴ԴѡεϸһЩûдġȴ޶Ե˵
ǣһѡΣʦһͼλʦٶһ£ȡѡɫĵʦֻĻص
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촫ʬ嵹Ѫ֮С
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һʦΣ˵Ĵһڡ
һͽһгƿһҺΪߵһ
ɫٴθֶ·һɵһɶȥǵĹֲ̼
ɵҲ

һ꣬ͻȻʹ֮ɫʧȡ֮һ̩ޱȵɫ
Ȼһſڣ׷һ֮ͬʱһĴֳһӨ׵Ĺһֱֵ󣬲һ¸Ȼֹ
ЩãȻ׿һ²Լϵһ¿ϲ֮Ĵҿ麣ɹˣҲͽˡ
ʲôУδɹءһ麣ȳȥ֮󣬿ɲеڶӻġһʦΣһͺȡ
ڵѹæǵٴϥ£ɹ̡
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һֱ߶Եմ󺺼Σʱһ̧ʱѵʣ»ûпɹĵӣΪŵӡ뿪󣬻ڶӽ
մ󺺻䣬תķһ¸ȻֹڵϵĹŶʱӰķ׷ɢ
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׹ôһº󣬶ʱôͷɥ
УŵӺͽλ֮𣬲Ǵǰֶ㣬ӴҲֻܳΪ͵ȵĴˡ
ԭǰǵλǾ麣ɹĵӣʹ˳Ϊ֮ˣԺܽһõŵľݵصĲ˼鷨ԪԱǴ
ʱеѪһʬ壬ʮ֪Ӻδܹʮŵʰһɶ涼ˮϴ飬һѪδڷ¡
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մ·ϣʼĿϢ
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ȻһͽУֻеʣֻҪȫ֧֣ʦ绰Ҳûϣ顣
ʦ˿ȴ
Լѡе˳ΪͽģȻаԸ֮ѡеûп麣ɹɱģȻʮơ
Щȱֻܴͽѡˡ
ʣµҵ࣬ܳΪͽ޼˹⣬Ҳٶ౨ʲôϣ
մһºֵһҵˡ
һҵӽһʱ󣬿ɫѿ֮ˡ
һҵӣȻûһ˿麣ɹҵռ֮ࡣ
ʣµĲʮˣʬĴӷ˳ҵоȻһʱٽ뷨֮С
ǲԸȥҲãڻʡȥһԴȫᵽȥմ󺺼Σδߴ٣ֻЦһ˵
ԭһǿʳ磬ɲЩҵ˿֮ġ
ߣʱʲôġɣҵһˣһ󲽵˳
Ȼ׼ӵܡ
մһӣ΢΢һһЦĲٶ˵ʲô
һ˴ͷˣʣµŮһɧҲһЩĸ˳ȥ
Ŀ΢º󣬺ȻһȻҲ߳Ⱥ


17 飨£
ԹԵߵĳ䴦ɫƽϥ¡
Ѿʦ˾ǰ漸εĿʽ̬Լһ˿ƣ֮⡣
װЩ˶ʯĹâҲ翪ʼʱǰĿˡ
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ҵͨһģҲĿǰֲ֮ıʺȴʶĶЩˡ
ȻˣȻܿչ˰ˡ
Щ£߳˾ȻҲ棬ɨ˶һۡ
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ʼ
մһһ£ʱбͬʱʮҺһ磬ٴһƮ
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ƾȴѹڵ޷ֺ
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аԲ²ʱ򣬷Ͽջصһɻɬķʼ·ӼԶ̺󣬾ڶߺ첻ѡ
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18 
ʱڵʦȫҲգĶвĸߴ꣬Ļ˻ϡ
ۡһʮ⻷Ҳڸ߳ɵһ˲䣬һ˫Ŀ׳Х
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ȻҪԶԶ磬ֻҪܳɳڵλһʮϣ顣
ڴ£ʦܵڵĸ֧ʦȻ뽫뱾Уñ֧ԺܹΪһĴڡ
ʱһȥʽˣеҵӻ˲ϵͷ­Ѷһʱȴܹٿ麣ɹ
ʦܵ˶Դ˸ϣĿƵ̨Ǳɨȥˡ
ֻ̨ϣҲ֪Ÿߴ˵ЩʲôСװĲͣͷ
һĻеĳʦܵȼʦɫЩˡ
ʱȻһХֻϵ׹һʼһɫ۶ڷһֵʱһ費ն졣
˼ʦע⣬Щ˹ȥ
Щ죬ѵֳʲôʲɡ
δ⼸ʦЩڴϹһ۳ʱȻ׹һֹͣȻֻγѡ
ʦܡմ󺺼Σдʧ̲ٶ࿴һµת̨ڡ
Ҳüͷ΢΢һ壬ҡҡͷҲٹע
˿̵ȴǾϲӵɫ
ʱһɫתͣһƺһ飬·ÿһëܴɽ˿˿
ȻֻγԼ麣Ϊһͽȴǻʵ顣
ʵҪ麣ؼʱ̣ͻȻһĽǿһֶһٿԪﴦ£䣬һ뾫ȴﴦ˿˿ԪƶĽ֯һǱһţõɢҿܲʱγ麣˵顣
Ҳҿ޿Ԫ֮Ӿ㹻ǿ󲢿һΪһӣ޷ġ
пϲʱ򣬶ߺϵһ¸ȻֹˣſӰһΣմ󺺾һģĵ˷Ϸޱʱ䵽ˡδп麣ĵȫ뿪Ի˴뿪㳡麣ɹĵӣȵһϢȴͷһͬȥʦá
䣬һֹͣС
ʦȼʦ˵ƿնߣ̨ȥ
մ󺺼Σһ°ۣҴҷԸҲŷ˹ȥ
Σ˸̨һۺ󣬾̧ȥˡһЩʧǵŮʱŲ΢΢һ١
ŮȻ顣
ŮȻûʽбҲûп麣ɹ߰ӣʧ֪ˡ
ʱͽУһݺмƵòٸȴ˹Ůһ§ڻк󣬾İο
ŮҲ̲סеʹޡ
˵ףŮҲһʮһСŮھҲ޷Լˡ
ҡҡͷһҪӶŮ߹
ʱòٸȴȻס꣬һ˿Цݵʵ
ǰֶɣɵ档һֶܹΪͽǿϲɺص飬ǲĻлᵽҸֶܼʶһ¡
ԭǼҸɽСֶʱһȥݼɿһת˫һȭĿص
Ǻǣ;ˡˣֶѾΪͽԺͬʦʦܵĹϵýеǰĻһƽ㡯ˡԣȻһЦüԼһ˿ײĺ֮⡣
ȴδãһ󣬾ʹݵ뿪ˡ
̣׼СֻѣܳΪʦģҲֵ£𣿡Σֹͣ˿΢ĵʵ
飬֪ʲôʦýģ㿴ͽǧ֮࣬ʦȴʮˣ֪ǶôɼˡǾ֮壬ҲƽٶȱһЩʦϣôһֶѡҪҲǼ飬СܹΪ̵Сһ˿ҲҪ£һġ룬ûʲôġȴҡҡͷõͲŵص
̣ѵڴĲ̫ãҪҪ
ģҵ㲻òģȻûгΪͽֻҪڣ;̫ίġﲻ˵ĵطȥɣйκһЩɻ䣬һһϸ˵ġٸڴŮɫһ˵
һݣȻͷٸ߳˷
ʱѾһɸոտ麣ͽм䣬һĿмŮ
Ůת׿һۣݺĿһ˿ɫһϾޱĻعͷȥ


19 ڵ
ȻЩ֣ҲûϣĿ̨ԶԶɨһۡ
ֻǱߣһʦΧŸߴ꣬ƺ˵ʲôΪ̫ԶȻ޷̸ݣֻԼоǱЩŵӡ
ͬһʱ䣬θ̨ϣҲвС۷׷š
˾ʦ֣Ժӿ²̫ùˡٺ٣һ쾹Ȼͬʱŵӣ֮塢ӰһĵЩʦܿʦʦҪԶԶЩˡһɫۣ˹ǹĸ꣬Цųһɢ˿˿˵
ߣٺˡʦ֣ʦǣһҲԶҵ֮ϣںδˡȻʹ˵һӣƳӼɾǿʳһһεСȣһεĴȺΪ˵ġλʦʦȻʹˣҲõȵ󣬲ܶǹв˵˵Լλõģ»ֲҵģʦ֡ǮʦǸΪͷʹġ˫ĿϸЦһĻص
⵹ҲǡһռʮĵǰʮλӣͻȻʦʦãҪЩԲˡ˺ҲЦ
ͬһʱ䣬θ̧һߴһȺŮŵӴӵµŮҲػ⡣
û뵽ڱڳ֡Ժǿˡǰڵٶ֮죬ɷ֮Īˡ̶ʱ䣬һͽͽ˸߽ͽӵʮԪתٶͬһϣ㻹ܸһֵġοڳʦʱɱ֮Ҫ׵Ķˡ΢곤һЩĻŮӣ̾һĳһʮŮ˵
ͺ˲ҵҵ֮治Է졣ˣԺһЩڶһЩˡŮͷС裬һףԵһͷ˵Եʮֿɰ
Ҿ֪ѾͷǰûþȫԺᵽסȥҪԼලŮӹףΪһϲ˵
Ǯʦ㣬ҪɡŮСһ¿
վŵŮӼˣȫаЦ

λôλСʦܣһװĴ󺺣ĿӸ̨һնغ󣬲Ųæ߼ͬʵ
վԱ֮ˣȻһЩϴʮҵͽлһ׷ԲԵߡ
ʦ⻰֣ҵȶѾĵӵ䣬ʦϣҲãλСʦܾʾˣʲôϵһʮĿڵ׳Щֵķʵ
ɲһʦ֣ôأװҡҡͷתǰ׷һ䡣
ʦܣʲôֱ˵ɣ⼸ҲʶˣùĨǵġ׷ޱĻص
ԣҲ¶ɻɫ
ǺǣȻʦ˵ˣСҲͿżɽˡҴǼȥͶλʦܡȥװ󺺹һЦ󣬾Ͳ̹Ȼ˵
ʲôͶճΪͽСӣʧ
λûҵЩͽӣΪԵ޷ĵλãƽԴǰ˲֪ٱƽֻܿƴִһЩ׵ȡһԴڴ£ǾԺгʦĻ𡣾֪ЩʮܳΪʦģһǺķ˺ԴڳʱʦԳ֮ܽĽʦ硣װ󺺻˵
Ŷʦܵ˼ǣǶСһܳΪʦȻͶȥȡԷԺɾʦٶǳ׷Ŀ΢΢һ󣬾׽װ󺺻˼ˡ
ʦҵȷǴ˼Ȼϼӹ涨ҵЩϵӲòµӼ涨ģǻġһЩӵİλСʦӦҲܾġҴ飬ǰûġװгĻص
ţ⵹һ취һ״˼˲ΪĶ
ΣԼʦ磬϶ǲ飬һʦĻƾնôһϣ
ȥɣҾͲˡ׷ڳһ󣬻ҡͷ˵
ʦ֣ΪΣʦܴ
λʦܻᣬȴһУΪ˱˽Ѿʧ˴뾫ԪòˣʦҲ˿ʦĿˡԣҼǰѾִ뿪ŽԼˡٺ٣ʦҾ㲻ܳΪʦҲܲԼѪʹ˶Ͼɡ׷߿Цһ󣬽һ
⻰ɫΪ֮һ

һɽͷУŹĺԼһӰеıĿš
ȻҴĳСһɿͶһֽ
Ⱥһ˵ûҪ²׼𣡡ӰΣЩŭȻһУֽƾ㵽У׷ɿɨۡ
ʲôһ첻Ѿͷ֮壬Ȼоʹеĵ֣ˡĳνڴȤԺڴһˡӰ֮󣬾ŭϲĿЦ
Ц죬һҷЩɢԼԿһɸߵľ޴ǼܣֱվںӰ֮

ڷ۹ۿֻҵܵȶΪͽļȻûл̫ʱʹˡ
̨ǱҲڽһ䣬մ󺺣ȼʦɫмķ˻
Ƭ̺󣬷ٴһ죬ʽٴο
պ󣬵ɫЩ谵ʱһҵҴųؽŲЩľ߳˷
ҵУȻֻ˳ɹ麣ҴǺһ
ɢ޵ӣҲֻһ췢Ϊͽ
ڳʦ󶼶̫⣬Ҵʽ׽󣬳һº˾̨ȥȻղŶԸۣ߳û˽
µʦ콵һ½ͽǰɢһɢ¶ݣȻһʮĸˣһֲͨɫ쳣
ʦ壬߰ɣȵʦõȺʦһҲϹȥ⸾˵˵ŵһһſڣһŨŨ
¹һ󣬺ȻûһƬĶƣƽһ㡣
˶˵˺ƣӼˣȻæȥ
վںƱϣлδüЩͷʬһۺ󣬺ƶʱһڿնʮ½ͽֱԶԶһ޷ȥˡ


20 
ɽдСɽʮ֮࣬д󲿷ֶΪڰ˸֧ռݣΨһɽ岢δĸ֧У޽ִáؾҵһϵж˵ʮҪĽҹоѡĵѲš
ʦΪڵӼǰʦĵطȻҲ޽ϡ
޴ɽһƽ̨ϣһº󣬵ӲԶһзɿ۵ӣĳϸһ˵μʦ壬ʦһж׼ˣ͵źλʦˡ
ãȴЩʦܽȥɡһʦֵȾͻġ˿ķԸһ䡣
ǣʦ塣Щ۵ӵͷǣȻһкʹһŮԶ޵ȥ
ȴԭδһ£ƺʹȺŵˡ
ȺУ߽ôŵʱɨһۡ
һɳɫңдšʦá˶ĽģԼеת
һź󣬲ٵӾһ
ֻ濴ɽ޽ͨĵãȻһʮɸߣĶСľ
ڷ԰ټƵĺɫӣͷǽϣһĹŻ
ڻһһĵ˱Ӱͷϲһ糤һʳ˫һ쳣ͷ­һ㵭Ʋһصĸо
ͼ·ڷһɳɫ˸һյȼĳƣмʮɫλֱдһɫ֡
ǰڷһͭ޶ȼ˴򣬸һֲµĸо
Ǽ۵ӽڵһվú󣬾ͻصſڴվһµӡ
ŮˣȻ֮Ⱦ£Ҳû˭˽ֻҲʵվԭȺš
˾һ󣬲ĿǰҵĹŻϡ
ͼȻ֣صҴλã֮ʮа˾ӦڿɽʦˣֻһӰΪֵ顣
ĺ˼벢ûгãһٷ⴫˽Ųվſڵļ۵ͬʱһ˵ݼź͸λʦ壡
ɡŵ󣬾ʹ߽ߡմ󺺵һʦ߳Ȼһ֮ˡ
ʱʦȥ˻⣬¶Լݡ
һɵӣҲæ
һΣȴûǴߵǰһȼͭڣתһŮ
Żʯд붼ѾʶˣͲٶˡּȻ麣ֻҪݹʦүӴ˾ǱһԱˡʦù⸱ˣǱڿɽʦˡڰ֧еֱ֧Ӵʦү˼ҵġ湩λǱɾͻڵǰҪǱӻҲһֱһǰʦү͸λȱ㣬ͬʱԼ֡Ȼ˵
ڣѵʦ棬и߲εĴڡ
ͷһۣв΢΢һΪһ·ðߣһ֪ʵ̫ˡ
Ӵɫ糣ӣ붼Ӧġ
˼ʱ򣬸߳ӣѾʾ£ߵǰ£˵Ӹ߳壬յҰڣʦү͸λȱԱӻ˺󶨻߾ܽڷ󡣡
Ȼߴһȼ嵽˾޶У˻ԭλӡ
һ˿ͷˣһŮҲһһ½ΰ㣬˵Ҳ󶼺͸߳ࡣ
еӶŲٴվǰһ˵ڹʮŹ棬֮һٵǣڷǷ̡֮ЩŹݣԻ˸ϸģһҪΪ֮
ǡ
һɵȫдݵӦ
⣬ڹΪ衢ɷӤ顢ʬѪȰ֧Ĺ֧ʦѡǿֲŲæʵ
һɵȻڷˡ
߼Σʮ⣬ɫļ˵ȻǾϷѪһϵѡһˡ߳壬ʲԸѪһϷԸΪ״ӣ
һ˵⻰Ŀ͡ৡһ£˸ߴϡ
߳ԸΪʦߴԣû˿ԥվȺߴΰݡ
ãӣɡӴϷµ״ӣʦʦ㣬ȸһסԻܵġŹЦøߴԼ˻صһԡ
ԱߵĹʦܣմ󺺵˼ˣɫɶ̫ÿûֹʲô
Ϸ棬ɷһɽ㻹ʦܽ˳ȺеһƲ۵Ůһ֡
¶ݵȻһʮ꣬һģ
ʲôӵ֮
ܣѾͷʶض𣿡
϶ǰ˼
ŮԱߵӣʱһü˾ɵķ׷ˡ
Ůһδţɫ糣߳ȺԳĬĬһ󣬾վ
¶֮ɫĵͷҲŮߵһԡ
֮壡
Ů˼ۣһǰ㳡꼻һֵŮмֻȻˡ
㻹ʲôҹմվԭδȴһ۵ĳȺֱӺȵ
۽һƺЩ̫Ըε˹ȥ
㣬ڰ֧һѡһ˵£ܳĵӣܿȫѡ˳
йЩεѡȡһӣŶòĽ
λӤ˵ҪǰһӣȻֵף飬ڶһõֵĵӣȻôҲ޷ˡ
ѡȡҲʣµľӡ
ڶֵʱз֧ѡֻܷӺһЩĳЩ츳ĵˡ
Ϊһͽǰ漸Ȼѡġ
Ҳ챻ѡһպע⵽
λһġʦáȫֲһƶʮŮӣĿɨ֮ʱй˵侫һҪǿ顣
һ֧ڻһҲнҲҪһЩĵӡ
ǴŮһת£ʹֵԼʱ򣬾һҪߡ
ţڵõ߳Ӻͽ˼ŵ˴ϣĻǵԼһ˵ĳӡ
һ̣ʦԤϵ鷢ˣţа״ɡԸǾӤһٴֵվʱһ㣬Ʒǳʵ


21 
Ը⣡Ȼ޹ʾܾһʦ¶Էֻһ˵ӡ
ãҲվһ԰ɡ赭дķԸ
ʱվԱߵģһʼǽС㡱ľ⣬һڳϵĺ췢ɢ޵ӣҲվǱˡ
˱ȴȻ෴һƱ飬ڳĳЦһ¡
ֲһĵˣвһ¡
Ҫǻֻ֧ҪҪԷҲΪһӶܾҪģӤһϵ̸϶ãټһֳһԼûҪĻпܱԷƵġ
˰ɣ
ʦáһڻ̾һ
Ͼλ״족ֻһӣֵΪðŭһλʦġ
λɽڻûпڣֵʱֻѡȡһӡ
תۼ䣬ʮȫڷ֧ϷֵһɶɽԼӷ׷뿪ʦãظɽͷˡ
ʩ£ҲһŻȺɽԵһɽһɶȥ
ɽǾӤһڵġӤɽɽϽ֮޷ɽȣرɽԶԶȥֻʮߴӡ
Ȼһɢȼ˾ĳǰС㳡ϡ
Ȼʮ۵ľӤ֧ڵȺš
Щǰ棬һͷɢһֻ«ʮӣһ˵һӭʦ֣ôҿ˵οʽгһɢ޵ӣɴˣ
ʦܾãʵӣһָ𣡲ҲǴһӡǼʦ壬ݼһ¡Цһֳ弸µһֵ˵
ݼʦ壡˲ҵǰһ˵
öɡ˵ǵӱһ֧ҪˣҲǺ顣ʵӣʦҪһ֧£ֵ顣ԣһ֣ɫһ
ﲻ˵طȵ˵ɡûнӿڣȴһת˵
ȻᷴԣһͬȥȻ
µӺ;ӤԭӣʶķֳУ
ЩĴʮϵһۡ
ЩŮԼռһ룬ʮ߰˺ͶʮңһˣһɫĶʮ߰ӣϢ񣬸һ쳣ظо
ƺҲڴ΢΢һЦ
ҲԺһЦ
УעģȴŮˡ
һƤ𪣬ĸһ쳣ĸоһüޣ˫Ŀˮ쳣
ŮݶǳڣߵﶼĿ⡣
ߣ㡢ڳϺˣ⻹һһŮӣӡ
˼ʱѾ߽Уֱǰ£һɵֳеֶ
ʯǼǵʦܡʯʦ֣ɽһ¶ġһ󣬾ͳʮ߰һ֣վĽܵ
λʦʦãɽʲôҪֱҡʯµӼһȭ΢Ц˵
˲ҵ׷׹
Һʦʦ⣬һʦãڱչУǻ޷ġ⣬ҺʦܾޣܽȫΪ״ӣֻԽ̵ڳ϶ˣ˾ֻˡĿһɨֻ˵
һ⻰Щƣϲδ¶顣
Ů¶ʧɫȻҶ˵ʲô
Ҳõġۼӻ״ӣڳѧʵǱڼǲԴڲû̫ģҪҪԼԡǼȻѷֻҪϱֳ츳ĻҺ͹ʦͬΪ״ӵġв֮ǵʦʦ㡣Ҳ˵ģͿˡʦ࣬ԼҲҪʱչ⣬ҪȥһЩָ˶ɽеרĻãÿ¶һʦרȥﴫڸԼóشεӵһʡҲȥһġһԲ˵
ãԺ飬Ի˽ġʯȴʦʦȥȥִȡһ¶ٸǰһסŹغͼɻ֪һͷԸһ˵
λʦʦã룡ʯͷǣ˿˵
֮ȥˡ
߳ŵһ˲䣬ԼԸڳ⣬Ҳȥɡٹ¾С֮գҪڼΪ⣡
棬ȻڶӦ
λʦܸȸǰһסȻȥִðɡˣ֪λʦʦմʯ߳ź󣬾Цݵʵ
ʯʦ̫ˣСܰ״죡
Ѧɽ
Сٻ
Ůҵæص
ѦɽΪ׳ʵ׺һƬСٻȻ̸òüһ˿ŮеӢ
ԭǰʦܣѦʦܺʦá֧ܹŲʮˣ֧ٵǱȽٵġⰴŹ棬䳬ʮʦʦ㶼üɽУԼѰɽоסӲ࣬µסĶ࣬ʦǾѡʵĵطҲǾӤһĸʯЦ˵
ʦֿĪѡסʲôɣһ⻰һʵ
ѦɽСٻԣҲһۡ
ʦܹȻǴˡƽȻס֮ԪԽŨԽһЩЩסȻ޽ڴֵطлЩϸ΢ġңݵѡȡĹͬסҲƫġ˵ԹȻ뽫ס޽ڰʮʱ䵽ĵطѡȡƫԹ֮ˣ뷨෴Ͳðסֱ޽ڵ£һʮĸʱȫԶ⣬°빦ġʯڽ͵˵
ԭˣ˶ЩȻˡ
λʦܸտʼÿ̫ģֻҪסԪŨһЩٶ΢Щɡʯ˵
лʯʦָ㣡ѦɽЩмĻص
ǺǣԺͬʦֵܣλʦʦòġ֧֧ȻһЩҲ֧һΪŽᣬûж֧Щ߰顣˱ֻ֧ܰˡãҾֱӴȥŵľס֮ؿһ£ǿ˺δֱ˵һˡʯһߵʱĹ㳡ϣʼһд


22 ִ
һƣǰ۶
ʯкһ󣬾ʹ˵ϻƣڿɽ·ȥ
վڻϣе֮ģƺûλʦ塱ʹɫ񣬶Ҵʯ£ɶر죬˿ԷɵĸЩ⣬ʵٶҲͺԼΪͽǰȫʱٶȲ˶١
ʯʦ֣ҿڸλʦƺ˶Ƽ֪ʲôʱԵʲô̶ȣ̲סʵ
ʦܣ˵ڿɡֻһַǳ򵥵ķֻҪʦܽԭԪ΢תΪͿʩչˡٶȻǷǳˣֻʺ϶̾УԶЩĻûʹֶεĺáʯ˼Ļص
ʦֿ֮ˣ˫Ŀһ
ǵȻˣУڿ֮⣬ֶΡЩҪô˵רƵķзҪôĳЩĳ̶ֳȺ󣬷ʩչж˶֪Уʵǽеһֶǰ߼һЩֻҪʦͽڣһЩ򵥷ˣͽڣ߶ĳЩܵһںھͲҪˣЩʦʦûмմֶġʯһ󣬻ص
ʲôͷһĶ𣿡ʵ
ǺǣȻ֮ͬ𡣲ͨ󣬿Ա仯Сʹģ޷Ტ۵ġΪϡУʦʦЩʦ⣬ӵд˵ȶͽ֮١ʦһ⣬õĻǷѡ
ʦã
ʦĶŮǰڴӦüˡ
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ʦѧϰĻԵؾѧϰڹлʮƪеӽԿûʲôơȻڷΪ֧Ȼÿ֧ڻѡϻصġǾӤһĻȪħѡ񡮵鹦Ź֮һΪŹѡ˹Ļ±޷߾硣һЩҲĳһΪʶѡ񣬴ĳ˵ҲʮҪһΣʯɫػص
ʯʦ֣һһ⣬˵
ʯһߴѡסһڽǵһЩʡ
תۼ䣬ͽȫɽʮʺϵӾסĵطһ顣
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ʦܿˣ㣬ȫִУ㹦ܲͬһǴڸ񣬷ɵ֮ȡ׬ȡ׵ʯҵĵطִõʱϢ֮ء
׵㣡ʯңһ⻰˫Ŀ΢
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ʯȴ֮ͨ˵ǽһЩ̺ԪʯгͳһСߴٵɻʹá
ǰڿʽǶеЩ޴ʯӦþδôиʯһ֡
Ȼһ˵ֶϾʶǶԼԺҪգžĿ⣬Щ˷ܡ
˿̣ʯĵûмˣΪɫЩԵʡ
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ʯһаĶСһʯ̨վһ˫ĿЩǵĿߣǰϡϡվŵ֮ˣ˵ʲô
ˣȥɡǿɡһλĻҪ۵ǵĹ׵㡣óɡղͷ˵
лִ£ǼŵԴϲæϸȡһɫƣŵʯ̨ϡ
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ʦܣǲôСֻ֣ͨĴһЩ򵥽ƶѡʯԱһЦĽ͵
˻ϾɫȥһЩ
Ƭ̺󣬵ʯ̨ǽٴһʱ򣬺ѾһѶĴ˳һš
ÿˣһöܳһףһѣʯöһ䣬ŵӣÿ¿ԵȡʯöͬҲÿһһöʯҲûСˣһξѪϣȼǡߵ˵
ڵӴ湱׵ʹԼ֮һһѪ󶨾󣬾ûеڶ˿ʹô﹦ˡʯԱҲһ䡣
ȻĲ̫ףҲ֪ʱʲôһָһͣҧָֻ⣬׼һöҡһҡ
һʺѪ£һû֮С
ɲǼ䣬Ʊһ·һͰ׹⣬ʮŹһţٹâһ󣬾ͻָ糣
Щ﷭ת˼ۡ
ʦܲö࿴˷ֻҪ΢עһЩҲʹ÷ˡʯ˵
ͷպãַɿץһɫĵһʳ
һߵѦɽСٻҲһ㶯һ
߳лһ˸ʯ߳ʯ
ڻЩʱ䣬ʦܣǿҪȥؾȿһһ߳ţʯŲ΢΢һ٣Щԥһ䡣


23 ʦ
ؾ󣬵ȻһҪȥˡѦɽСٻԣȻϲһڴӦ
Ҳܾܾ
ʯ˵ĵһٴ۳ƣɽһطȥ
һյ蹤󣬼һƫƧ֮£һƬһʯγɵʯֺǰһɽ޳ɵĸ¥һ¶ɽ֮⣬һȴֱûɽʯ֮С
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飡ܣһ𣿡Сٻһۡ
ǡҪֻܣһ֮󣬼ӵнӽʦĿֲʵҵͽӿԵֵģ̫ķʯˡʯ䣬ʹ߽˸¥š
Ŀһɨһ˿֮ɫ
ֻ֮󣬺ȻһɵС䣬һѿյ⣬κζˡ
ʯȴ˿ֻ֣һԼƣ׼ǽһΡ
͡һ󣬴һ׹⣬һŵûǽвӰ
ţʯʹ˾Ⱥûκβ֮ɫ
һ󣬶ʯϰ׹һ֣߳һͷ߹ڵвͣŹǷһδ˯ѵӡ
ʯݼʦ壡ʯһߣȴ̹ǰ
ŶԭǾӤСһôʹʦѡˡɨһһ£ʵ
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УչأŵӵȷѲι۸¥һλᣬҲԽ˵ֻסչ涨һֻܴһ˽ȥġ˭Ƚȥߵ˿δΪѵ˵
ǰϰɡѦɽǰһ˵ԾԾԵڴ֮ɫ
ٺ٣СӾ͸߰ɡߺٺһ󣬴һʱһƬĿ׹һ
˲ɵı˫Ŀ˫ĿʱѦɽߺȻԭزӰ
ǡСٻʧɫ
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Ǻǣ֪ʦڵʲôİɡؾһֱʦ忴أȽ⣬ǹκһġʯЦŻص
ԭһ
ţСٻֳûѯʯͲؾصһЩ顣
λʯʦ֡ҲһһľĻشһ
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ʦãɡˣĳŮ˵
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á
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Ѧʦܣѡһƪʱʯת׳Ѧɽʵ
ʦǰ˵ƪ鹦ʦ΢һҵʣҷһӣҾþʹ˹ʺˡѦɽʵĻص
ǺǣϲʦˡΪҲǡ鹦˹ҲڳڲĳЩ죬һ;󣬾Ϳһ·̹ƿģҲǱĻ֮һҽ˷һ̶Ⱥ󣬾ͿɸޱĻȪħˡʯһЦ˵
ʲôʯʦҲǡ鹦̫ˣСԺʲô֮ʦֶָһˡѦɽϲĻص
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Ѧɽˣϲĳлѡ
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æһܴһۡ
ֻԼȻһİ֮ĴĴ߾վԱԶ
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㲻öҽʲôҲֻһʡлˡһֱ֣ĳƬǽ˹ȥ
Цһֻʵ˹ȥ
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Լǰһ󣬹ǽ̻Ϊƾʧˡ
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ʦ壬ʯʦ˵Żֻʮƪѣ￴ԶԶֹӡǰ԰ټƵʯ̨۽΢΢һ˵
ŹȻֻʮƪҲǧ֮ãڼȻҲ˲ţʲôֵġϷЩµӣЩŹòҪ˶ֻ꣬ȷʮƪΪŻȻġЩŹҪôûкţҪôرҪض󶼲ʺϱڵӵġĻص
лʦָ㣬֪ʦõʺʲôĹЩȻˣٿ˿ʯ̨һʵ
Ǽ߲˼ʵ
ص
ãߵһͷ󣬺ȻֱһһС
ʱеһһ±ĳ޷ˣšಡһ˾ͱĵ߽ǰ
һͷɵûʲô
ͼ߿дʣֻһΪһƬӰһĶ
ֻеЩĻ˿ûУÿһ󣬶һȺֱ꼡֮£ֱ͸֮ڣвһȻˡ


24 ڤǾ
Ƿһ㣬дɳʹ쳣ƺһרѵжദ˺ۼڣ󻼣й׵ϻȡƿƽáΪ׳ԳԶԪף麣Щ֣ƺһҪĶ࣬ɲܹӵеġһĴ壬һ߿૵˵ͣ˵һ仰ʱͻȻжһֳͣһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
ô˻ᣬһŤߵƿأҲЩʵŶʦ壬麣͵Ӳһ𣿡
Ҳǲһֻ麣һֻھϲſֵܳġֻӣĪϷŪϷ򣿡߶мص˵
ƭʦ壬ȷ١ڳ麣ʱ΢һЩСֶΣ麣źһЩͬɡһ󣬲мεĻص
ʲôСֶΣ˵ԣЩȤ
γ麣ʱþԪ֮˿ɲϵĴһһԥ󣬾ûʲôĻͻص
ʲôľܿԪ飬˵ľǳǿˣһ⻰¶Ծɫ
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ʣҸѡһ־ʮƪеġ򡮹ֹǾӤһĲعԺĻ߽׷ʱҪЩ鷳ġʮƪеʲ̫ãǿĻʵ˷ǿ⻰ͻǰСһһ㣬ʮ꣬Ҳһϣͽڣֱܴܿӿˡһѡ񣬸ղصʮƪ֮һֻ˹ʮ⣬ҪŵĻҪһǾԶˣһҪ֮ʱ÷ϴԹԵ˵
Ȼʦ˵ȿƪ˵֮ɫһ粻˵
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ֽ̧һɫƤץУһ۾ͿдŵġϺɫ֣һƶϸ
ֻ˿ƪҳ󣬾ͲɫĽƤϷŻأֱһһдɫֵƤץ˹ͬϸһ
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Ϸ֮£ǻʵϹһصĻһԭԻڵġ鹦ʬһ֧޻ǾӤһȴԼħͷħΪ޵ģڻ۹֮ɲóġ΢ȻһЦ˵
˵ǻܹ㹻׵㣬Ҳֱڲؾȡظ߽׷ġֻʵ
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лʦָ㡣ͿʦƼһɡ۽һЦ
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һµĿţһʮӡ
ⲿȻҪҲԽǿԽѵġʲô־Ų㣬һֻҪһʱ䣬ڶҪʱ䣬Ҫʱ䣬ĲһҪʱ䣬ҲֻǰĲſţɫһЩѿˡ
ߣСӿˡֻҪ޳ɵһ㣬ܽ׵ͽڣ޳ɵڶͽʵֱͽˡ޳ɵĲ㣬ͿɳΪϷʦˡںķĲϷȻеģ㼱ʲôҴ˹ȱڻһơߺһһ˵
ƣ̧Щɻˡ
ڤǾͽ׶ΣֻҪͰͲκƿġŵĻ㷭һҳϸһ¡߲˵
顣һ⻰ʱȻæҳ󣬹Ȼһбע˵
ôϷûƭɡĻ϶ѡ˹ģĲ˵ֻҪ̿һЩʮڶɴﵽͽھ磬ԳԳʦˡҾʦҲǰ鷳ٸֻҪڤǾˡҡͷԵ˵
˵һЩҲعΪʩչġ⹦֪ɻڵˣú󣬲һ䡣
㻹ûڤǾȻ֪˹ǰ漸ʵͱڵĹ鹦֮ͬʩչҲǴͬСġ԰Ҳ²⣬ǹ鹦ܹ߶ڤǾӦͬ߶ġ
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Сӣ˹ܱʮڵͽھ磬赣ĺĸĻ⣬Ѿռıˣㆪ£ǲĻˡѶϷûɡǿ÷ϷóġƺмŭˣֳһŵҪ
ʦϢŭѧڤǾˡæһȥ
СʶࡣˣԺȥʱ򣬾ͲҪǰ˵ڤǾ飬˵Լǹ鹦ˡ߼ˣɫԻ˵


25 ͨ
ǣʦ壡ΣǳɴĴӦ
ܺáϷҲװɣﻹʺϹ鹦Ҳȥ˳һ°ɡĻʱ͸˻ỳĹˡ߼ʶȤ¶ɫִƤ˹ȥ
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ˣһԥҲһڴӦ
ȵһξѪȥȻ˵һ䣬ŶԴһˡһ˵һ߽ҳǰһףٿдʵĵһ
ҳһ»ΪһƬڰУҴԼдĹǺ֮˿˿Ѫ֮͸֮Ż
һյ蹤ǽڴ׹һߺ˾ͳʯ˵ǰ
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ϷȻزؾ󣬸ЩСһЩָҲӦõġˣȻˣȫ뿪ɡϷҪٴ˯һġ¶ͷ֮ɫİڰ֣׹һ˾ƾڼǰʧˡ
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ңֻҪһͽŵһ㶼ҪʦƵģѦĳԺڻҪ̼λġѦԶæЦݵ˵
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СٻҲһĳǡ
ȻѦĳͳƺλһʦáʦ֡ˡѦԶƴ˼󣬼ʵƴǲųһĴӦ
ʦ֣ҲھӤһŵӣɽһжǳ˽⡣죬ʯʦȻǽһЩ飬Ͼʱ̫̣ЩĲϸһΣСҵʦúͰʦ֣һѦϸںɽмɻ顣ĻǾܱⷸһЩ˳ĴˡѦɽЦ˵
ʦˡѦ֣ɡ⻰˫Ŀһһõģ˽
Ƭ̹˵УΧӷֱ
һʱѦɽСٻ˲ɫЩصĸ뿪ˡ
ЦݵĽͳԺ󣬷һصУϵЦҲ
û뵽״ӺͨӴȻ˴󣬺ĵӼ侺Ҳ㼤ңСܶ㣬Ҳһ򵥵顣ҪõԴһĵһҪȡġ૵һʼС
ˣȽڤǾɵһ˵Ҫ뾺ĵӣҲҪͽΪôһ˿ʸġʵҲԱˡλֳһƺͨʲô顣


26 ٹȵ
ʽ֮ǰȥӤɽȡһЩٹȵͼ򵥷伮
ѦԶ˵Щ֮ֶͽزٵĶ
˾󣬵Ǽܳ뿪סһС·ֱɽȥ
һ·֮ϣһЩŴִڴŴСͬɽŵӡ
Щһϵĵɫܳ󣬾¶֮ɫߣͨ󣬲ŸҼ·
УͽŵӹȻλ֮𣬸ͬնġ
ֱͨɽС·Ϊͣʹһؼ壬ǴӰɽģҲ㻨˰ʱңɽ
˫̤ɽ㳡һ˲䣬о¶˾ģ΢תһЩ֮󣬵һҪѧľڿ
Ļȥ΢ԶɽͷһؾҪѴʱ䣬ʵ̫ˡ
ڹ㳡һһ˼ʱ򣬶ȴһŮӡ
һķŮӣһۺ󣬺ȻȻһЦ˵
ףⲻǰʦŶСʦܣȥµȡİɡ
һ֮£ŷֶŮӣȻھӤϵмһɫŮӣŲһͣæһ񣺡ԭλʦ㣬СܵȷȥµȡһЩٹȵġ
ʦܻ֪Ҷ˵סˣǹü橣ʦǡüЦ˵
Ա߸Ůͬ齫ԼֱӸǰ꣬΢΢һͬһڣŴ󷽵Ҳһк
ʦһλʦ㷼ġһĻص
ˣʦܿЩȥõɡ˵Ǹȥˣ˵Ҫȵ쵽ٹȵˡüһɫ糣˵
֮Ůһһʩչڿ
Ƭ̺󣬶˲Ƶֱڿշˡ
ȵŮԶȥ󣬲ջĿü˵˹ȥ
ƹߵһҡµҵĵǰ
˵ǵãҲһЩЩá
һ߽ȥʱÿһŵӷεӣһӺ󣬵һ̣žžļʲôԱ߻һĺ˲
ʦְɣȡٹȵģӷӦ죬һ󣬵жһͣЦݵ˵
˵ɽеӶ֧ȡıٹȵ˼ʵ
ǵģʦֽóҼ¼һº󣬾ͿһȡٹȵˡӲҵĻص
áٳɵĽƴһͶֱӵ˹ȥ
ӷԱǸ˲ĳһҳӹһ
ʱ״족ɫֱ֣ҳֶ
ԭǰʦ֣µıٹȵһηһţͿ֮ڲóԷֻһˮɡæһ˸ľȡһƴĻɫһ𹧾ĵ˻
ӹƣɿӣ΢΢һ󣬴йһŵɫҩɢһ޵㡣
ȷѦԶԱٹȵһ޶
˵ͷͽպãһʵˣҪȥȡͨ伮Ҫȥʲôط
ŶʦҪȥ鷨ĻֻҪſڵС·ǰһˡʮϸ˵
ԣ¶һ˿Цݵĳлһ߳ӣֱ鷨ȥˡ

һֻܽ׷伮һ伮Ҫһöʯվǰһ·ͰݵŮӣһֽƿ̱˵
ʦ㣬˵伮ѵ𣿡ǰͬΪͽŮӻ΢΢һ
ߣһ伮һβҪһöʯʲôҪŵĻǾһٽʯٽ迴ҲٵġŮӺһͷ˵˿λʦ˿ӡ
ãǾȽɡһŭ⣬˿ֽ̧ǰĵ伮öʯԼԼƵ˹ȥ
νʯȻСָϸĳξ壬üһСɢһͰ׹⡣
Ůӽ伮ֽӹһ۷󣬾ޱ˵ڿˮһڱ뽻
䣬Ƽ¼ݺ󣬽伮һ׶أöʯȻҲ˲䱻Ů
ҲԸڴ˵ضͣʲôһӹƺ͵伮ת߳˸¥
߳ûԶӭһǰһҲ鷨˹ȥ
ǰһݶʯһȴΪ״ӵĺ췢ڳϡ
ףʦѾ˵伮ˣʦҲ伮ʯһһЦ˵
췢Ҳһк
ʦ֣鷨ĵ伮ĻҪʯ𣿡ЦݵĻ󣬿һ䡣
ôʦʽĵ伮ʯˡ̫ˣʦĪ֣ʦǺ͹ʦЩԨԴʱЩ֣ڹʦϣǲҪȥˡˣʦʯɡʯһ˿ŭ⣬ЩεĿЦһҪȡһЩʯ
ʦҵʲôˡʯʦܻеġԭʦ͹ʦԨԴģҾ͸ˡʦֺʦæСȸˡһֱ֣Ӹǵ뿪ˡ
ʯԶȥıӰ̾һڳϼ鷨ȥˡ
סʱѾʱˡ
˿Ϣ֮ûУһͰˮһһκһڣϥ¡
һͽűٹȵС˳һŵҩֱС
ƼӲıٹȵһУ̻Ϊһɽ֭븹С
֮һů֮ɢȫθиǳ΢΢ı֮С
һӦ֮󣬶ʱϲ
ٹȵЧʵڳԤ֮ģĻ治ΪԷⷳշֺˣֻҪһˡ
뵽ֱһǱڤǾĽӻ˳ʹͷϸϸ
Ȼǰʱ䶼׵ȹģǵͽʵҲвٱʫ֮СһĶá츳ʶ֪ѧ֮࣬²ЩĸʢĲӲȥ
ƪڤǾһְֻ֮ܶʱͲġ
аɫһָһͷ­̫Ѩ󣬾һĶһĶõ츳ʶһ·ֳ룬һ򷨾һʼ˯Ϣ֮С
ûжã񳹵׳뷨Уһж֪ˡ
֪˶೤ʱ䣬һǿҼдʱһѹһվʱֻͷ­һһڣˤڵϡ
ɫ䣬æӻͳһٹȵ£ٽԱľͰҲһץ˼ںɫźÿһЩ
ʱȻеͷʹѣǾ̫ļ
ǰĲ򣬾Ȼ֪Ļҹʱ䣬ҪǸм̫Ȼж޷԰εġ
ڤǾʮֵаţ


27 
ƵǣڤǾһ㣬ĲŲʮ֮Ķѡ
ǰѧϰʿྶͥЩ־Ƕǣʵȷ⡣
˻Ҫôֱһָ㣬ҪôһЩĵص伮ԼԴͨȥ
ǰλʦ徯£ڤǾйˣֻߵڶ·
һն뿪סȥһɽ鷨
ĵõ伮ʱϽʣʯҲӰ
ȴһ˿˷֮ɫ
Ϊĵõ伮ȻڵλʦдģԻһЩھעͶʮϸ֮
صס󣬲ûϿʼ򣬶ǵһͷϣ˯
һ˯һһҹʱ䡣
ٴ˫Ŀʱ򣬵ߵԺϴһʹҴҵĽ뵽÷ڡ
ϥ£伮Լǰȫһһ̯һԥִӻͳСٹȵļ˽мҳڡ
һĻҲϴǰԼˡ
һ󣬾һҳҳ伮ܿϴǰĳС
º󣬴ӷкȻһЦ
Ȼһ´ӵվ׷һЦ
ʱͷɢƣϻһ֮
ѹˣ
ʮ˾ͳһٹȵ˾ͺһˮͷ˯δ뿪һ
ҲˣڽڤǾһ֮ײ˳ֻҪˡ
ϸ֮ɫһ󣬾ͷϵĲףüͷһ壬ľͰ߳ӡ
ͽ·ǵһɶüͰˮͷŵһº϶ʱˬ
˻ʪͷ·´ãٴλصС
ϵܳҲ֪Ǻֲϱƶɣ첻ۣˮֱõ棬Ҳɿ컬£ʪֺ
ºûпʼڤǾڿ伮ȡʼĬĬصĶ
ԭȿŻЩɬѶھڿȴޱ
ֻʱʱ䣬ͽŷ֮ӡС
һ˽е伮պ÷һԣ˫ĿһգϥϸڳһŹӡ
Ƭ̺͸еһʶһ³뵽ԼڣܿһΡ
һͨȫĴִԼﴦȭͷɫ麣
΢΢һ麣ʼתԽԽ졣
ۡԪ麣һȫɿ
㣬̤ڤǾĵһ
Ȼϣǿдʲַͣɿĳַ
ֻ´ֳһ˿˿ԽԽ࣬һյ蹤۳һ߳Сš

һųΣԥзһ䡣
顱һžߴ
Ŀô˾¶һ˿ϲɫ΢һҡ
顱һ
һ´ж£˵ϡ
ڿո߶Ȳ棬һ⣬Ҳûκˡ
沢û¶ɥ飬¶һ˿˵ɫ
ղֻγʩչڿֱѾǴԼԤϵˡ
ĵõ伮ϼأʹ򵥵ķûʮϰٱϰҲʩչġ
ǿһĶõ츳䷨֮Զͨӵġ
ԺֻҪתķٶһЩԷƿһЩĻڿ׾ˡ
ţʩʼַ
պһȻһһǰһָһֶ
ۡһһżСɫȼն
΢΢һЦָһϣƾն
ţдʣʮָһǰͣ
һʼ۶˫üһĴһ󣬰ʱһɢ¶һȭͷС峺ˮ򣬻ƵУʱܵµӡ
зһͣһָˮһ㣬һŵƷһ£ŵͷ¶֮ɫ

ʮϣһ鲻ϣסʮɸУɿطɶš
ӭ洵磬һ˿ڵ˷ܱ顣
Ȼһ˼ϸܣԶͬ˵һݳ죬ڴʱȴͨһ޶ӡ
Ƭ̺оڷĵĲˣһ߷Ľƻ䵽·ϡ
ʱȻ޷άڿ೤ʱ䣬·ȴѾûˡ
ڻˮҲͬΪ
ϧЩ򵥷ֻǸͽϤһõģָԵУȻˡ
һȥȴҪѡʵõķˡ
һ˼ʱλʦ㡱Ǯ˵Ŀ̱ףϼͲһ¡
ˣ˵ʯԼҲһˣҲӦȥִȡˣ¸ʯɾһûˡ
һ˴æصϥָ
ڷָ࣬ĻҲò˶೤ʱ䡣
ʱٴڻϣֱִһɶȥˡ
һΣִôź󣬲һȻ֮ɫ
ֻһмȺʮ˵ӣд붼ŵӣҲ߰ŵӷ֮˼С
һλʦ֣ʲôƽ˵Ҳ𣿡գգ۾ߵſڸһʮģŵǰһֵʵ
Ŷλʦ½ŵġǺǣִһһֻʱȻ˶һ磬ѡһЩˡʵⲻǰ׷ѹѣЩˮ񣬴붼ͱ˶ˡŵʮֺƣһīɫĴִһۣĽһ䡣
ԭˣлλʦ档ЩȻˡ
ٺ٣ʬŵڣ֪ʦܹգһĵӡŵһȻͲӣɵмֺøһ䡣
°״죬ڰھӤһ¡Ҳû̹Ȼ档
ŶʦԭֵʦˡӤһһ꣬ʦԺӿ²̫ùԣȴ¶һ˿֮ͬɫ
ðɣ¾üλʦʦʦܶΪչ˵ġɫĻһ䡣
ٺ٣֧ڲȻǺͺģȵ˴ʱ֪֧ʹˡȴҡҡͷ˵
ŶϡʦȻ˵治̫ΡʦܹС˵һ˵𣡡ԣһ


28 
ˣԺʦܻ֪ģȸ˵һɡһԥ󣬵Ҳûоܾ
һһСȣһʮһ˵СǸ֧Լ飬ֻǴŲһ±֧ͷȻг䷢һֱȻô࣬һҲһźġһεĴȫͬˣȫͽӶҪμӵԣȫһĵӣֻӡ̫ϣеհҪ飬Щĵڴ˺꽫õڵרԽǰȡĽҲԽࡣȻϵۺϱԽֱӾ֧ڿռݵԴ١ʹλʦ˶ԴϱҲֵġ֪Ӥһڴϱһʮ궼һֱ׵ġһǾӤõԴȻһֱٵģԽˣҲԽѷġȻʦ֣ͽǺε֮£ڱʧˣֻжֵ飬Ҳǳ֮¡ϱҲ˳֮ΪѪޡһ˵໰ֱͷ
ţСȣϵ飬С֪Ĳࡣֻôһ£Сֻżһֶѡʵ
ǲǣһڵˣǴ־ٰһҲȷڼʵվڴһֱԡʶ֮пἤңԶҵЩġ˵˻ֻ߱żôУڵܻŻģȴһģһߡбһ򲻼ѣһġ̾һ˵
գǲμӱԵĵѡεģһӲԸμӰɡ֮󣬲һ
ٺ٣ȻΣޱȣֻҪܻŻܵõĺô֮Ҳġ֪ڸ֧λʦʦд붼ǵμӹĵӡʶһӾҪμӣҲûдʸġܲμӴģֻ̫ǰʮĺĵӡֻҪܵõǰʮλãκεӶһɳ죬ʣµһʱ佫õڲϧ۵Ϊڴȡĺôڲ˼Ļص
ԭˣлʦָˡ֮һ˼󣬵ĵĳл
ûʲôҲǺСʦһΪͶԵˣһȥʱһõ񣬲ʱҵٰ֣͸ִһôģʱԸġڹһЦֳ伷һ۾Լڶг
ЦһЦֳλʦ֡лһͲҲ뵽һѳĶС
ʱһУʱ˽鵹ǰķǳ죬ֵܿ
ǰһִ·Σ΢΢ͺӡ
ûʲôʯ¸ǰִ£Ȼڵֻ֣ǽ׼õһʵʵ˵ŵӣ񡣡
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ʺµӵģֻĿȵˣ֪ʦѡһ֣ͺִжһٺ̧һ䡣
ʲôΪԼˡ
ΪνӦվڻѲɽ֮ôͶϵ
֪ʦЩɻ󣬵Ƚ󣬵ʱȻ֪ôһˡͺͷִ¶Դȴ֣¶һ˿ص˵
ǾѡɡȻɻ󣬵Ҳֻǿѹסеɻѡһ֡
ô˵׵ֵطҲֹĶġ
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ͺͷִԣһö鱾ĳһ£쳣˵
ӹƺһͷˮ뿪˶󣬲Լ֪νǺεطء
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ʦ֣㻹ûߣ̫ˡĲιޣڵںεأСܻġ
ţãҲɣһԼƵڵͼҲûˣֱ͸Сʦܰɡһ˼ʹԼһƤƵĵͼ׸
лʦ֣СܾͲˡˣʦ֡ﵹôһ£ȻбٹȵڣڻҪͨʳ𣿡һסͼһϲлһмɻʵ
ٺ٣ҳʱҲһӡİɣһطȻôһˣ˵䵽һЩôġԣٺһЦȻҲûֱӻشʡ
ΣȻ׷ȥԷٴγлһ󣬾͸뿪ˡ
һߵ⣬ʩ۳һСŻƣʩչڿķˡ
ոյõĵͼָʾƵһɹɽͷһСɽ
֮ǰԶȻһƬƬĶķأдСĶӡ
һЩŵӷ֮ˣһϻӶһɫͷ·ͨũæµʲô
ŷʱ򣬺Ȼһ
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ֻ󴦣֪ʱĶһƤߣ΢һ˽Ƶĺ̸ˣޱ´
ŵĵӣ
ǣǰǣ
ȻԷۣ֪Ϊȴһ˵ѹָУԳ
ߣִõȺһô͹ﵱʲôطˡˣⶫһ㸺һɡ֮ڱ뽫ظҳһ飬һӲݶûС겻ɵĻϸҹԺҲҪϷټڶΡũ˵һһ󣬾֪ôͳһһ˸Ӳӵĳͷӵǰ
һĻĿɿڴ
ʲôȥɻȥǴûʦϾ磬Ҳ޷ʹõġũͷ˵һ仰󣬾Ͳܲ˵תߣ֮¸ֳһźƣһеԱһһɶȥ

ʱĲ֪Էһʦ͵ૼ󣬸ɫͷУҵĳһ˵ȥ
ĶؿƲȴ˳ߵҰݣÿһط
һֽź󣬾˫־ͷºݺһ¡


29 
顱һϻĽ
ֻ˫һȣһɾ֮£˦
ؾȻ·Ӳ޷ֺ
һ㶣æϸ۲棬ŷִ˵غͨũȻͬȻϺ֮ɫ
ЩӲݸϵ££һ𣬷·Բһһ㡣
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Сӣоˡɲͨרֲ׵ġϢһ㷽޷ġһ¶ľװ󺺣ԶԶٶ󣬵һЦ˵
Ϣ
Ȼһ˵֣æµŵȥ
ֻеӣȻҲһһϢֻıһ
еɫͷһɢŵ׹⣬Բֻǳ顣
ⶫȻһ
ĿջأԼ֮ϣŷֳͷӡһЩǳǳƣϲ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
ȻǷֻעԪһˡһתԪһͨпע롣
һɫһ䡣
ƾעԪͷȻ˿仯ûУ·ǰעȫùһ㡣
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Ƭʱ䣬һֳһͰ׹⡣
Ȼˣ
ֲô˵ֻŵӣûмκһŵڣҪϢȻҪ÷ſɡ
Ū״º󣬲ڶʲôһ֣ɫͷٴһ¡
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ڵϣȻһ죬㽫һϺɫͲҰһ
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պоţһ󣬲Ż۶ɨһ²ŸոճһأЦ
ϢѸ֮ǰһһˣֱ۶ʼʹޱ
Щ飬ЩոճһϺɫУȻһЩӲݴӵһðȻǳСٳڶʱȻСȥġ
ԱУмʮ꣬ŵӣѾɵ˳߽߽󣬾ڿռƶˡ
һЩʮ߰ģĵӣҲԼسаҲˡ
ĿһеʱֻܿЦѡ
ɲܺЩϵȣ䷨ǳʱҪذҲֻöѣĻʱϢȥˡ
ЩƵǣµӺһ˶ѡ
Ҳ
һοʽΪͽܹҲʮ˶ѡÿȡʱ䲻ͬҲܴͬ
һ𣬻治һ򵥵顣
˼һһҧվߵرԵ׹һٴһ¡

ڶϣضѾЩϵӸϣڴ˵صŵӣȻֻһ˶ѡ
ȵʱ֣վĴֱͬܲͨۺҲֻüͷˡ
˿̵ֱΪѾ̰ͨʹʵ޷ټȥˡ
ŵֵܼʱѾˡ
󴦣Ȼһ䵭Ļ
һæһתȻũʦ
ʱĿм֮ɫ
ݼʦ壡
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һӣʲô֡ũһ䡣
Ӱ״죬Ӥ¡ʵĻص
Ӥǹʦֵ¡Ǽ״Ӱɡũٴһۺʵ
״ӡ˵
̫һЩЩϧˡϷ뽫Ҫµġũԣ̾һ˵
Ӳ֪ʦǡһʵ
գһʦˡӣҪȥҲˡڴһ׶ȭɣֻҪϼ飬Կɽֱ׾ȥġ
лʦ񰮡ˣȻϲ
Ҳöлʲôȭԭŵһ󶼿ֻǰڸѡʦȴȻ˵
һڳһŹֵļƣʼһʽʽĴһ׹Źȭͬʱлĳֿھ
׵Ҳ֪ʶؼؼȭȻȤһһĶõ츳Ŀʼũһһʽھ
ũȭֻ˵ȫУ˿Ҳһ顣
ʦˣϸһ˿ϧ֮ɫ˵ʲôת뿪ˡ
ԭص׳ڴ˶ȭУһ߰˱ֻڣ˫۾ʹĻָ糣
ˣ񶼱ǰʢһЩ
ϲŷλʦ塱Ѿߣһ˼󣬾ͼϳͷʼ
İʱ֣гͷһףչһ֫վʱ򣬺ȻѾ꣬һӲݶˡ
ʦ塱ʱȴƿһŻƴ׷׽¡
ȻǰһֹЩϵǡ
ŵĬվߴһ˿֮⡣
֮ҪȥѯһʱλʦҲƴһɶһֱӷɵϿա
ֻһһɫС룬һȴﶯѣԼɫӿ£ܾȵı鲼ÿһС
ƽɵԼʱȻæܿ
Ƭ̺ũ»һ٣н߿һףдʵĳһָ󣬾ȻڽлΪˮװС
ˮСࡱˮһ죬һɹɫȪˮһΪˮ·ÿһУͣ
Ȼվ⣬ȻӦŨŨԪϢ
ǣˮ಻·еľȻһ͵ĵۿɼٶȷɿǴ󣬿ʼ뱥
һʱ󣬿ˮȻһֹ֮ĶغȻɽɫһƬ泤˰ɸߵľ޴󵾹ȡ
Ϲأÿ˿ȥԼвժʮ룬Ȼ뿪ɡʱӿմũķԸһɶȥˡ
Ⱥʱڵӣڹһл󣬾һϵĽԼأʼѡһöö룬øֶȡ
˶ʮʵֻȡʮ룬ûһ˸Ҷȡֺ
λʦ֣Щ뵽кôΪλʦȫˡһҲ̲סˣǰסһȡ굾뿪ʮ߰ӣʵ
ߣףȥʳÿвСôԼȥһ£Ȼ֪ˡеЩͣҴ˵󣬾ͼ뿪ˡ


30 
ȻԷÿӵ۹һ£ҲûԥĽԼУҲѡʮ룬ǿʽȡ
ٴӻͳһƲЩСİú󣬾ͳȥˡ
һʱ󣬽صԼס
ǰº󣬽һЩ̯һһϸ鿴
Щÿһа浾һſлƶСһҲֻ߰ӣȫӲӣ·һ㡣
һִ̧һһꡣ
Ƿ·ֽķ׷ѵ£¶ӨӨİ͸ڱһᣬһɵɢ
΢ϲٳɵĴһһС߹ޣٵһЩˮ󣬾ͽȫȥǷС
һֽ߹һжһֻȴͬʱдʡ
顱һһųһӿС߹޵ȼ
ѧĻ
һ߹оʹŨŨ㣬֮θڴ󿪡
ƻСһЩٵƬ̺󣬾òʱ򣬲š͡һĽù̵߹޷ɿŵϣһ
һ㾧Өѩİ׷ĳǰ
óһ׼õľף߹һҨ𣬾ͽȫһͶŵߵĳһڡ
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Щһ䶯ͷ·ķ׷׹Уζ֮ʵƽ
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ÿ춼ʳü鷹ĻٶǿԳɱļȥ
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Ҫ˵׿϶ϡޱȣͨӸ޷ŵõǴӸдֱ͸оͱǱٹȵҪǿҼ֣¾г׹ӦһҲֻʳһεġ
˵ĻҲԽٶ߷֮һѡ
һĶõЧ˵ǲ̫Զˡ
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Ȼһ˵ΪߵľһҲǿġ
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֮䵽ûйϵǲ£ԼҲ޷жϵġ
˿һ뵽Щ飬ȻһЩƣ־ҲԶǳ˿ɱȵģܿѹתڤǾĿʼ

ʱһ
ڴڼ䣬еȥ鷨ȡ˼ʵЩķ⣬δһˡ
ֻһĵĿڤǾ÷һ·ٿǡ
һգʱ򣬺Ȼһڴײĺ¡¡һſڣһŨŨһΪڝĽһڡ
ڿ֮УԼɫֿ費һ֮£ʧӰ١
һʵڴӷдһͺȺ󣬿Ȼֹ¶վӰ
һڤǾˡٺ٣һʱ䣿˵ڰҲˡ̧˫֣˿˿ָƲϸֳһ˿Ц
Ȼһ̧֣ϻҧ΢΢һһָ岻Զǽһ
ۡһһɫ缤ǽƾնһС
ˣдϲ
ȫԺͶ׵ʿˣӦĽͽˡ
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ʱͿɽ´һƿշֱɽȥ
Σһԥ󣬵Ҳʩ۳һƵڿն
һС󣬾Ӥɽ㳡ܺȻۼ߰ʮŵӣȫɫȻĿĴˡ


31 С
кȻǾӤɽĹԼһʮ꣬ͷ˿òá
ʱѾ֪ȫйȪòܺվһȻλһֱչصʦˡ
ŵӣһ˺ϴμЩ⣬ȻҲʮ͵ϵӡ
ЩϵİһϢԴΪ򵥡
ٵһʮŵڹ㳡ܣ֮˳ֺ󣬹ȪһĿˡ
ܺãǼΪ񣬶޷ʱϻصĵ⣬ǾӤһеӶѾˡһҲǱԴӼʦźĵһСȡСȱֲӣһѵжؽġʦܣѲԵ߶óɡ
󼸾仰ȴǶ˵
ʦַģѾ׼ˡӺٺһЦǰкȻŵɫķ
֮һŰһ󣬹㳡Ĵһƾնʮ
˫ĿһǼŷӦþλʦĴɡ
ණܷŽССУȻޱȣ
СһĺһםİɸʯԼֻ߰ɫһļªżеźףегһ˸߾޴
ϹأԻֳСŵһ飬ʮϵһ飬ʣһ顣ݣΪԼʵս֡ʦܣһʮϵӵĲԣʦʮµģԸŵӵġȪ΢󣬾˵
λʦȻҲᷴԵġ
һ󣬾ȴµӿʼԣȻʮµӣŲЩʮϵϵӡ
һ˳˵µվɣûδǵλʦʦʶһ¡ǾӤһҲڲǿŽͬģȴѷֺġ
һ˵Ȼ˳ԱһΧ˹һ
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췢ԣȻǣͣСֻǰ
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췢һͺȺһץסֱȻһ
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顱һ
Ƭ̼䣬ͨ죬ӻص˵ϣҳһǳǳСӡ
ĵ鹦Ѿ޳ɵһˣƾ֣޷ġҪҪԵڶֻȪΣ΢΢һЦ˵δԺ췢κۡ
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ǣʦڳϴӦһ󣬵ߵǿםʯʮطɫȻķɿϢּ֮ȻһƴɫƬԽԽ
ȻһȡСһƬһļ
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ڳϿмдʣһΣּвŷ۳һ㣬Ȫ͵˵һʱ䵽
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ţ뱮磬ڴϻ˲ʱ䣬ˡֻҪŬĻʮϢڷιĻﵽСɾ硣Խ棬ԽߣҪи׼ɨʯһۺͷĵ䡣
췢гǡ
ǰԽֻܸһеۣΣҪʵսˡŵӣֻҪ͵ȵܾˡһ˵ţһǼͷżȥ
һֻֿȭͷżǰͣº󣬵ǰһ۴һģ̽һŰםʯ룬һָżͷһ㣬һƺһС
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˫㷽һ̤ԲȦУԭƱصżʱһ·һ˶
췢һʶĽжжżһնȥ
ۡһһɫâһնżȴֻ΢΢һµļһ˶
ʱмĻæȥ
һ߼ӶжУһ߿мæпھǻ֮£ھһжз
Ƭ̺żѾĵǰһƽɳԲȦ⡣
ʵսµȡۺۣ¡Ȫҡҡͷȴƽ˵
ڳϲδˣվֻܴͷɥ߻صС
µӼˣˡ
һѦɽһ֡
Ѧɽһ죬ҲֻӲͷƤ˳ȥ
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õۣȻֻһµȡѡ
Сٻ΢һЩ
ŮȻͷֲͬѣʵսʱȴȸԼʩչһַԷż¼һյʱ䣬õһµۡ
״족
Ŀ䵽ϡ
һһ߶ڤǾһ㵭һǼֻ˹ȥ
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ʦòֻ֪޹ҲѡĲǱصĹ鹦ӣѾ鹦һˣЩԤϵġ໺ص
飬Ӧò򵥵ˡò⻰˫ĿҲ¶Ȥɫ


32 
ǲˣͿˡҲ˼˵
ʱԶһͺֱȻһֵĽٹͷɵĽһ׶¡
ֱ֣ù㳡ܲٵӶ¶ɫ
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Щ֮£֪λʦܣܷ񽫵ڶֻ
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һͬһɫһļʯһɫӡּۣͺ췢һ޶
ԭ仹Щڴࡢõ˲Щʧ
ǰԣһϣһеȡһ˼󣬻пۡ
ԣԲȦֻżһϵĻҧ󣬾ɫ˹ȥ
˫㷽һ̤˲䣬ͷż̶ݺݵķ˶
׼˫ֻ΢΢һһֹǶܹż湥ͬʱһͭһ
ҧ׹һ
һ±ǰ˱֮࣬շתŲ֮䣬
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һʱ䣬վȭӰжܷȫġ
ˣĿһȻһʢһŤͬ޹߰ĴӲ˼Ƕȱܿ˲ȭӰһ۽żǰ
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䡱һż˽£һ£ŵȥȻһľʹͣһоٶ
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һЩؼҲ˵ȷйһЩԣֶĺص
ܺãһԣҸһϵۡβۺϣζܽؽ֮ˡ¶Цݣʮֺơ
лʦȻһϲæٴһ󣬲ΧڶȻĿ߻صµ֮С
ʦ֣Ȼа취ͷżֱӻܣǲ˼顣СٻһЩš
ǰʦ֣㽫鹦һ˰ɡǺһеĿʽ¶޷ǺһѦɽһĽĿ˵
һԵĺ췢꣬ҲһָĿ⿴
ûʦ˵ֻǽҵż㡣һֵġҪǻҵһȥԵĻҲġ΢ȻһЦĻص
Ȼ⻰ЩƮѦɽڳϵȵӣΪԼǰʧҵһЩɣвɵ̹һЩ
ֻСٻԶκ΢΢һ̣Բŵӡ
ʱȻעŮ񣬶ǽעȫµһλϡ
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ǿľʦȻ˷ڸˡӣ潫һˡ
ۿڶŵĿô˾ʱһɧʧ
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в̿㣬׷¶˳Ծ֮ɫ
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ꡱһ¸ʯżΪһɶķ˶
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żһбֱӻԶȥڵҲ޷ˡ
ǰʯȻ֮£ҲѾΪһƬ
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ⶼǹʦʦָĽӲҾݹġȻҲΪˣҲûǹһǫ䡣
ҪʹˣȻָ㣬ҲȽġҲһ࿴ʦʦֶΰɣͬġ°ɡ΢Ц˵ת͵˹ȥ
ʦܣʦãǾ÷ıΣһδܷгɫ֣һߵ˸ǰֱʵ
ֻ㲻ȷӿԱȵģΪ֮һδȾָӣǲ̫һЩʹٿ죬´δʱҲֻͽھѡǵͷüͷһ˵
Ҳָ´δȾܶúĵΣҲܽϺÿһЩҪ֪ǾӤһڽȱ̫һЩĵǰʮûǵģЩǱĺӶûмóֵġȪ̾һ˵
ȻʦģǾνˡǽڳϵ״ӣֺͨ²ֵλʦֻ̫๤ġа״ӣֵĿȦɵ㡣ʦЩɻʱ޳ɹ鹦һġѵҲʲô岻ɣòڿˡ


33 Ƕ
Ӧòǡ򣬵Ӧֱӱ¶ɵġʯ˵ӾΪǿԲؾʦѡ޹鹦ġǿ鹦ΪģҲ޳ɵһ㹦ԭ򡣡Ȫ˵
ǿĻҲ˵ͨںϾҪΪ鷳ˣѵҪʬһ·Ӳɣüͷһֵ˵
ȻѡȻҪܴѡҹ״ȻͲ󣬵ʵսһףҲΪ죬ӦҲԼɡɣҲöȥܣֻҪԴԼӸһ˵һ֮ϲġһһ˵
ʦ֮ͬ˵
ǺãͷԽӴһ´Ӱɡ
ò˼һ£Ҳͷͬ
˼󣬵þ˳ȥʼʮµӵС

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˰ɡڻͨɲ̫ġʦֵҲѡŻġ
㳡ȴԴս۷׷ףŰ᲻һ̬ȡ
ǡͨģȻܿʹǲ˼飡ȴ˵
ȻԣڵӿʹħǰȴĵһĿã𾪿֪ˡ
µҲͬĿɿڴλӿǰ׹ħֵʱҲЩֱ
ɺͷл𵯵ͨͬħȶһֱֵġ
ȻѾЩ׼Ŀú󣬴ȻԶ֮ġ
ҲˣԼԺҲͨԽڴ
ٹ󣬵һԲĴ󺺣һ£һȭսżͷ­ҵķʱСȲڳ׽ˡ
лϵ֮ˣȻֻһˡ
۵ȴ֮࣬оͰʦ֡ԼʯλھӤɽڵǵĴʦ֡
ǡü橶Ůȴƽ
ʩչУҲδܿǴŮǼе
۲ȣвμСȵӶõ˲ͬĽ
е֮ˣȫõŻԪ
ֵҩֻҪڷľʱú󣬾ͿԱƽٶȻָ
֮ˣŻԪ⣬õһ㡣
㿴ƺ̴ͨһ޶ֻҪݽߵʱϣͿһ̶ϼӿ쾫ָڲ򹦷ʱʹãһЧʶֵ֮ԶŻԪ֮ϵġ
Ψһϵ۵㣬˻Ԫ⣬õһƿϡе͸Һ
˵Һǿǰ£ڰʱڣ÷ʱ֮ġ
֮ȪСȽӿ뿪ˡ
ʱڵʦһ󣬾ͷ׷׼Ƶڿն
ҲȺ뿪ʱ򣬺Ȼʦáڽס
ʦкηԸЩɻ󣬵˿δ¶˹ȥ󣬹˵
ʵսʱֲ̫ʺ㣬ҶֱΪ״ӵġȻʵսѾһˣͲЩʱȥִöȡһЩΣԲĹ׵ˡڹ׵֮ҪԶЩŵ֮ϵġһ;Ҳǹſ޾ͿԵġòóȻ˵
лʦָ㣬֪ˡˣͷ
öͭķɣ㲻ڷϿЧͲһЩɣлһùĻھˡȻ㲻ͬʱʹַȴΣʹǡһ󣬺Ȼһƴ״
лʦú񰮣ǡˣȻϲ
Ƕܺͬ޷ˣֻڻϣ΢ͨպҲôʹˡòŲæ˵Ƶ˳ȥ
ӹ״Ȼл
ȥɡͦģҪʧˡ΢΢һЦ˵ת뿪ˡ
ٴιһ󣬾͵˼ڿնˡ
ϣĿбƲһۣڳҲû뿪㳡վڹȪԱߣͬɫʲôָ֮ԡ
һС¶һЩɹȻˡ
֮ˣУõһ
еƣϲ¶һ˿ϲɫ
ǿʽ㣬ٶŪһֵķˡ
һ˵Ҳǰ飬ԿԽʶһֶ˵ȴˮɵ顣
ʦá˵ģҲȥȡһЩ򵥵Ĺ׵ˡ
ϾҲʱʱһЩ⣬ΪڤǾԭ򲻺ֱʯȾӤһѯʣǻһЩ׵ȥǻѰȻѽ;ˡ
ڴ֮ǰȽһ£͸һЩˡ
˼ţͲ֪ĻصԼסϿգСԺһ¡
Ŀһת󣬺ȻСԺһɸߵСǺȻһ˿ЦݣȻдʣ߰ϢȻ
ۡۡɫдһǰһһ֮½Смնء


34 
ԭǷСɣ˵ʱͷһ»ȻʣͷٶȴҲַ֡ȫǿһδϰɵ塣ȻСɣǾӦûд֮˵ˡڴ棬ӿҲһ㣬޷ռݶƵġһĶ츳淴Ǵռ˵ġ˵һ˿ɻһ˿˷ܡ
ϵУȻҲ˽Сɾ磬ûгʮָ֮ҲǷл𵯵򵥷
΢߽һЩı׶ߵȷδκ˵Сɾġ
Ҳ֣
߽Щʩӣ跨Զڵͽ׷ϰȻҲɱѡ
ȻҪģǴӶǽʱͷˣ̫ӷġ
ϾֻΪˣһеĻпܳǰʦڣӶԪӵиܵġ
˵ûһĶõ츳Ҳͬѡ񡣵ڼȻ֪Լ츳ڴռˣһ׷ʵȻһЩƫѡˡ
̫Ӹ߽׵ķ˵ȼ򵥷Ժٶʱϰһ£ܷʲôջ
վСԺվ˼һڽУϥ¡
һԥһµõľ㣬ָһĨĽȼڸ
һ̸ֶһЩӡ
һ󣬾ͱĿĲ붨
˿̵кȻһŵĻɫֿھǡ
ԭطƤȻͱ˲ؾ󣬵ضȴӡвһֵġ
ǰҴҲһЩֻͽڵ󣬾̷ûоȥ
˾ĸһĽײ
ʱһĹȥһҹĴδһ
һʱƤһ˫Ŀȴƣ֮⡣
ԭҪû굱пܳɹġûǴĻھһרġ̶ֻҪһ׵Ϳɽȥһʱץȡġ⣬ڻһСڵнֶĵط˵Ҳ˳ġһ׵û£Ȼѡ취ˡ
ɿ˼һ󣬾˾ڴ֮ǰȻҪúô˯Ϣһġ
ڶһ磬Ҵ뿪ס
ϴͼעֱһطȥ
ɽԵһƬ˿۵С֣߷֮䡣
ʱһЩŵӣĴһƬյش¡
һ»ƵҲк󣬵úĿ´
ֻƬյܣȻһСѵļª̯λһڵӣд붼ŵӣҲһЩֻŵӷεġ
һЩˣߵЩ̯λǰһֱӺ̯λּۻţһֻصĳеĴ
˶󣬾Ҳѧ˰Ĵһ̯λǰ߹żĳ鿴һ
Щ̯λϰڷŶӵҩϷ廨ӦоС
һЩϡŹֶû˵˵ʲôѪʬ䶾̡ʳʬ𡱡Ѫȵȡ
Ѱҵ꣬Ϊһֳòϣ̯λ϶۵ģһʼ۸󣬾ˡ
ƷһҪʯʮ飬ͨƷһҪʯʮڸƷϵģδģ̯ʾԸϰʯһչꡣ
ȻɬûʶνꡱǺģˣ˵һЩ顣
ЩװĳƷӡĴƿУһƿǺ󣬾ͻữΪһɺһܻûɻȸ̬ģ
ĹֶΣ˱Ĵ̹Ǳ⣬ʩչһЩ򵥻ڽֱӰ˵ǡ
ܵ˵ʵһǴеһûκʶĶǷĹҲһֱʶӦ
ץͨƷ꣬һ̫顣
ǻ˸ߵƷ꣬δͬˡ
Ʒ꣬ϡ٣һУſܵһģҴǱŨ֮ϲʶѰҡ
θƷֶֹ⣬ӵΣͷзܵı£ѱ׽
˵мƷĴڣҲֻһţ˭û۵üġ
ȻЩ꣬ȫŵӴӻ̶ѹ׵ץģڴ߼۸
һ£һ£һҲͽĲˣһҧǻʮʯһƷ꣬׼ȥ˵
һ֣ƶߵʱȴȻһöŮסˡ
ףⲻǰʦ𣡡
һ⻰Ȼһ㶣תһֻۣ󴦲֪ʱ߹һһŮˡ
еһ۵Ķʮһģ꣬˫üᡣŮһͲİȹٸݽüĿЦȻǵڿʽйһ֮Եơ
ԭʦ㣬СˡȻеЩ⣬Ȼһȭ˵
ʦܣ㵱ǴӦȥһġ궼ȥˣʦһֱδʦŵġ촽ЦԵ
ȡʦĪ֣Сܺͼλʦź󣬾һֱɽһֱϾġλʦǡӦ󣬾ͿԱߵꡣ
ɷɽź̻ص˿ûС
ԭɷһʦ֡ԣɫ΢΢һ䡣
Ӥ֧УɷŽǰǿӺ;Ӥɽϵһ̫õġ
ʦܲõģʦʦʶĺѣΪϵӰҵȼ佻ġˣʦСҪʲôҲһЩʶĺѣ˵ܰʦһġƽЦʵ
лʦ⣬ѾˣͲ鷳ʦˡɿһתԵľܾ
ȻʦͲǿˡˣʦҪ׵𣿡Щ⣬ɫ糣ʵ
׵㣿һ⻰΢΢һ
ҡʦֻλѣ׼һҪ񣬵ȱ֡ʦҪȤĻһġƲ˼˵
ȻҪʦܲŲ꣬ʱ°ﲻʲôæġҵʱ׵㣬ηġĿº󣬻ص
ʦܷģ⣬ʵҪΪֻҪ༸ֲ㵽Ĳʧܡڹ׵𣬼ȻһӵȻȫƽֵġٸ⶯ӽ
ãȻûΣգֲҪΪǾСһɡ˼һüʶһνĹ׵ǺεģģҲһͷĴӦ
ʦ˾֮١ֶ˵ʺʦˡʦܾ͵ִö㣬Ǽʱһȡġԣһ˿ĵЦ


35 
һ룬û⣬ҲһڴӦ
֮ڴŮһҪȥִõĻ󣬾˸ǣڿռƵ뿪С
ʦãһŵӣֺα£ĵ͵ȵӣڵǣһҲͶൽͽڰˡźһ뿪ڿ˵
ʦֿ֪ӤɽСȣǰոսˡȴЦһĻص
ӤɽСȣҵ˵һΡôѵССбֵĲźɫ΢һ¾Ͳ³˼
ھӤһСУλ״ʦܿΨһһ֮֮ˡһصĻص
˵ЩǱġź˼˵
ţҪˡȻ£һЩ֣ҲὫһµӼġϾ˵ģûжΣգֻ΢鷳ʱһѡҪЩϵҲǰ֪һ緢ġɫԵ
ȻҾûʲô˵ˡ͵СͶһΰɡϣʧˣ˵ŷпǰЩ;ˡźͷ󣬺ȻĿкһ˵
ǰȥЩĿ˿û뵽˴ⲣҿʦҲԱߣ̫ƿЦһ˵
ߣŷпոսͽڣȻҶζԻҪǿŷʦϣ֪ˡƶҲõģٹһʱ䣬ҾͿԽͽˣʱҾʽӭȢҪʱŷʦӦҲˡźϱܽĸһ˿֮ɫ
ʦ֣ˡȻҵϷδǰѾˣϾѾ֣ҲչŷҵƸˣ˵Ļǰ顣ҵܽڳΪͽŷʦҲǳ˲ġʦ֣ǾͱڵĹϵѾˡԣһ˿֮ɫɫһĻص
ͽڻУҾĴжúĵô˵һҪȢΪ޵ġźȴɫһԥ˵
֮󣬽ϸָж֮ɫû˵ʲô

֮ϣһѪɫӡСƿװŵȻոֵһƷꡣ
ĬĬһ֮󣬵һУԱһ׼õľ˽ǰ
ľװ˺ںɫĴ̱Һ壬ԼƯһЩ״ɫ
֮ӾӤɽµһʯĺڹѪһЩϡ
һ󣬾ͽƿϷһҶٽһζ
һءĹ󣬴Ӵƿһ³һڿеһת󣬾ͻΪһģɫڿУޱֻۣ΢΢Ĳͣ
סûκֻҲգĶſԲ
һ̣ɫԲͻȻһֽУ·ȥ
顱һһľҺвӰ
˫Ŀһԥĳľȥ
ʱľкںɫҺһ󣬾еķɿתһ½ںŶٴ¶
зȻһ䡣
ۡۡҺеЩϺɫһ»ĴҺм˲һϸĽһ¡
˼γˡ
һӴ⿴һͶϵϺɫ͡һٴλΪ˹ͻ£ȴʼ޷Ϻɫ֮⡣
һԥһ
ֱ͹ȻͿĨһ㲻֪͸͸ֱ࣬Ӳ뵽ľ֮С
ɫȻȥһ
պһ򿪶һ˿˷ܵĴ֮߳
ֻʱֱϺȻһָϸĺϸ
ߵԺУĿһɨ󣬾ϴα÷նֻʣµСϡ
һ
һ֮һ˶ʱ߰ĵһ󣬾ȦСϣһͷȴֱϡ
ա
ֱ΢΢һ
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ǰסСϺȻһȦȦڹۣ֮·ʴһ㡣
ͷ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ҪܣԭͲ˵У֮õģղʹҲʮӦƳɹˡȻҪʹõĸ⣬ȻҪϰˡ
ǺԼִʱ䣬һʱ䣬϶ûжôˣֻϤϤµǼǶܷ
ⶨתȥˡ
ڶһ磬úϢһһ׼󣬾Ƶ뿪˾Ӥɽֱִ÷ȥˡ
Ϊʱ磬ִûʲôˣһִſʯ̨΢΢С˯
ûһʲôֱͨ¥ȥ˶㡣
ִö㣬ǵһĿһɨ֮ȳһ˿ɫ
ֻһ˶٣Ҳһʯ̨Ҳһִ档
ڶм䴦ȻһɸߵľӨ
ھ棬鸡һеĵɫ֣ǰ滹עһűõ֡
ͶźԼһһŮھ˵ʲôһ֣ȻһЦк
ʦܣˡһ˾͵ˡҲոշһȥӰɡˣȸһ¡λ÷ʦܺʦ㡣
Сܰ״죬λʦʦ֡ĿһɨǶ˺ǰЦݵ΢΢һ
÷ʦ֡һʮ߰ģŵӣһڴһʮ־׳ģ
ʦ㡱ȴһƻ̬ȻһɫŮӷΣкüĹҵƤҲ֪װʲô
˶ǵһμ´伸ۣҲһ񣬵δ˵ʲô
̬һ˿֮⣬ȻĸӦ΢΢һЦҲûС
һһŵӣЩϵӷϣǺȻ顣
ʦ㣬֪Ҫӵһ񡣡תֱʵ
ǶʮҪɼһٿѪ˿ɵù׵ʮ㣬ʯһٿ顣ƽֵĻҲһʲСˡƿ˵ţʹʯ̨ȥˡ
ĿһɨȻҵͬдһ޶Ҳ͵ͷû˵ʲô
ʯ̨ǰ˽ƺ󣬾ͺ˳˽ȡ˴
ˣȻ˴񣬱ͬҲԽȡģҪץһЩʱġѪ˿ŲԶʯɽϣѰҡΨһ鷳ǣѪ˿ҲǺƵϲ֮Ѫ˿ĵطضкƵȺ֡һλѣһƿɢԽƵʱһʱ䡣Եʱǻֳж÷ʦʦ㣬ǸȺҺͶʦְʦץʱժѪ˿һȳִôţƵмص˵


36 ŷп
⻰ûʲô
һˣ׷ʩչڿƳֱĳȥ
һɳŷΧͺĳ·һСɽͷѡ
Ҳѹ֣Դں󣬿ǵһ뿪ɽţȻһжĸȤˡ
ҲĴһһ߷һ˵ʲô
ʦ㡢źԼλ÷ʦָû˼ֻżת׺˵һ䡣
Ȼһνӡ
γҪһЩִй׵ѣΪԺĶжһЩ飬˶Ǻ̬ȣȻеġ
תۼͷɳ˰ʱ֮ãȻǰһ죬ȻҲһŻӭ
Ƶ˼ˣȻ΢΢һ
һ֮˵Ŀ󣬶źʱɫһʦɫҲ̫ÿ
ףⲻʦʦҪȥҪСһϣȻվһ꣬ĻӢֻһ˫ǵ˫ۣʱȴ֮ɫ
ߣŷпȥεط޹ءδƴ󻰣ź̲סһǰһ˵
źɷɽӣʲôʱܹǹһˡǺʦ˵õʲô˵Ҫ۹ϵԶʦҲɩСĹһ£顣ŷпİ꣬Цһ˵
źһ⻰ĶͷһѰס˱ŵһڴʳ
Ҳüˡ
ŷʦܣҺʦȥҲѾˣ֣ʦҲҪȥŽеġʱʦȴ̾һҲһɶŷп˵
ٺ٣ûϵǵ㹱׵ŷĳҲںġСӣŵİɡǱˣ̵ͷȥˣԻɴġʱ׵ҲԻֵϵġŷºٺһЦ󣬺ȻһȺеһְ˵
һ⻰ֻ۽һһƳ֮ɫĿ⣬еп಻
źʦԣҲɫĳһ
Щˡ
Լ㲻ǳʧ꼰ˡ
ŷпĸƵ˵ȻӣԼǲӦԷҪȻ˴ˡǴӦĻȻ㳹׽Ƽˡ
ŷпһ¶֮ɫɫһĺǳСӣ𾴾ƲԳԷƣԻȥŷпʲôˣҪˣ
һ⻰дŭҲ˲¶˾ģһػصȻĳһ˵֣λʦвûһŰɡ԰ĳʩǵΪʦ˵ɡ
˵ʲôŷпԴŭһҪ
ʱźһεĵסȥ·ְбɭȻ˵ŷʦƺ˱Ź棬ɣӣ̼ϳҪҪĳ˸ٺúһΡ
ʱ÷ʦҲĬķ˹Ͷźһ²վһ
ãܺáȻʦ㲻ԸҼ룬ŷĳҲǿˡŷпĿǰһɨһת£ǿһ˵
һ»ƣʹԱһ
ߵʱȴһֿѹ͵Ȼݺ˵СӣҼסˡһΣǧһˡ
䣬һ¶ټӱļԶȥˡ
ԣɫ΢΢һ䣬ֻüͷһ壬Ͼͻָµɫ
ʦܣξȻ۵㣬ʦвƴһ˿м˵
û뵽ʦҲѪ֮ˡʦõûпˡʦԺпգҲһʦҲЦһ˵
ź÷ʦȻû˵ӺǰͬĺĿУҲܿˡ
ûʲô˵ʵܹö־ѵõһʹ׵㣬СܻЩĵġֻ̫һЩĳȻʲôˣҲ֮ȻһЦĻص
⻰˵ĺáҵ֮ԭҪӭѶϵġһҲѳֲסٺãҲ״ɵġźͷ޵˵
ͬʱִĴʦܣһζĳǷһ飬Ժ󶨻᳥ġ
һ֮걨һЦˡ
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ٹʱǰ಻ɽУͻȻֳһʯľ޷
˾޷岻ǧɸߣɽϸǶһɫɽʯһι״ͨɽʯһ
ʯɽˡڸȻйȥⱻɽкƵ֡˵˵
һ⻰Ȼûз֮⣬׷״߶С
ʦ㣬һƿɢͷ÷ʦһƵȫɽҪְʱʱ䡣Ѫ˿ϲ֮أʱ̵̫Ļδܴչ㹻ʦܣѪ˿ҲˡʱƵһ뿪ңʦֻʦһҪٶȣѪ˿ҳȻжģȻˡ˹ϡȱϣģЩʯġһһĽе飬һתжһöƶСʺԲһںСƿ
İɡҺ÷ʦθԴһöзʱھԿԳŵġʦЦŻص
˺ɫӼۺҲͷıʾû⡣
Ϻ󣬵ʼж
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ۡһСƿһ·ɳһƵ̣ӭһɢΡ
ͬʱһ쳣ζһµ
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ʦ˼Σû뿪ɽ壬Ǹһöһģһ»ƶپһ֮࣬ЩȺΧž޷ɿȦĸƵ
Χɽ߰Ȧ׷ںĺڵѾںһ壬Ϊֱ֮ĺɫơ
ƾ֮
ʱʦһк÷ʦֲԥԶߡ
޴Ʒβ׷ȥ
ˣǶ֡һڵȺƹϵ˵
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顱һһ˸߹ʯӲһ¶ߵıСݣһöѪɫӡ
΢΢һЦöɫһժ£ٴӻȡһɫľϻһС

ѾҵĵڶʮöѪ˿ٶӦҲࡣ
Ӧûˡ
˼ʱ򣬺ȻɽʯȻһһɾһ´ɽһͬʱ¡¡ʯɽ¡


37 Ҷü
һһʱҲ˲ʲôѪ˿һ¶ʱһ۶Ҫڿշߡ
ʱȻǰɽʯһ±Ѷһ̺м֮죬޷Ǻ
һݣæ߶Ƶɳ
̺ڵͿһ䣬һɽвӰ
ϣ㻹ܡҹһŮȻлص
ŵһĻˡ
εһĿУȻƾոֶٵͬһһ֮Ȼ̽һֻϸĹƣңң·ɽһ
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ھʯٴƬ̺󣬲ŵڿնƵǰطһɶȥ
Ȼ֪װŮӿеѪкôԶԷݣӦòЩõĶӦġ
·ϸѰЩѪʱҶüĹװŮӣѾڰ֮ƿնС
ȻŮɫһһͣ˶ݹ⣬ת·ĳɽͷ˵ԭѾȺˣ˵ǰֳǰ㶯Ϊһֱδġ
ҶΪԽľտˣĳ˿Ϣδйһ۾ϳˡ·ɽͷһɻҰ֮һ󣬺ȻֳһͷǷٵĻߣЩĳ幬װŮ˵
ߣڵĵ̣⣬Ļڵ𣡡Ҷüüһ˵
ԭˣҲΪҶѾٵˡ߳һЦһĻص
ٵýģǵѹĶǺ⣿Ҷüÿɷʵ
ϷŪ󶯾ǲҲҪϷһɡȻС˵ġԣɫһˡ


38 
㵹˵ĻҪҷͷڽ紦ɱ¾һ·׷ɱˣ֪Ϊ¶鷳δ˵һлȻ׼ҵ鷳ĪΪܹϣ׼̨ᣬȺҶֽһҶüһ⻰üһ˿ɷ
Īŭϸ첲ȵĿɾڵġгɵķɽԸһͷȻһ·ܵɽǰǲЩ̫˵ȥˡƺһ֣ɫһ˵
֪ʲôֻ֪ӺδܳѾҺڴɽ׶ΣΪĻҲֻһ֮ңѡҪǴǲ̫ѣƺĳֻܶñͨķ״̬УҲ׵ֵġҶüһĻص
ʲôҺڴɵޡӲ˵Цɡͽ׵һ־ġһ
Ϊ˵ˡߣҲգ㿴ʲôҶüһһתǸƝԲиֶ
ŮԲһģһŻƶСĺɫƬһָһ
ಡһ
Ƭ̻Ϊһâĳ߼ȥ˿ǿӲȥ
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ҶüΣͫ΢΢һʵ
Ǻǣ˵ЦˡʬҪ׵ʬ֪ҪѶԴģϷµġ
ߺٺһЦ˵ŲŲæĴӹнӹɫƬϸ
Ҷüԣһ˿Цȴûٶʲô
Ƭ̺󣬻߾ɫһ䣬ٽƬһźݾԽѿ˼֡
ȻҺڵԪƬɢϢҲȷ١⵹Щˣѵͷһͷ׵
ҲģΪһ׼Щȥʦ㿴һҶüص
ʦ̫ĻȻûˡһõĽ͡һ¡֣ɫһ䣬һĻָ糣ˡ
Ѿû⣬Ҳҹɽǰ֮ˡȻҾ͸ˡٴӦþ̨֮ˡҶüĻһ䣬һٴλΪһŹƿնߣתۼʧ߾ͷ
߲δڹװŮһԶȥüͷ
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ʦ𣬵ʵڲİΪ˷ĲڤǾ֪˶Ѫ棬ϧУ⽫ԼڲؾꡣֻҪеܽĲڤǾ޳ɣɹʦ磬ЩӾʹôˣԴеʦģӶñʵһ¼ġʦһݣмæ
ЩҲ֪˵ٱˣҪˣˡѾǵ߸ԱĵˣȻںңԭҲֻ֪»ǵһЩעˡʦҲҴµġˣ˵ˡڤǾ͵ΪֹˣӴ˲׼Խ䴫ڸڵӣҪҲʦͽ֮ˡһ
ǣȻʦԺһٴڴӾڵˡڻ˾ӣˡҪδʦһæ̿˵
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ǣʦǵӣȸˡʦٴһ󣬾ڷһɶȥˡ
ԭ˼һһٺЦҲΪһɻҰ֮ƿշˡ

üͷĿŵһɫľС
ľзСĿѪд󲿷ֶһЩһ飬ҲһСƬʮֱëĴָСɫƤ⡣
ЩѾ˴ʱ󣬲ŴѼоѪ
ɴ˿ɼǰװŮӴ߶ɫɽεȳ̶ˣ
ٴ˫ףҡҡͷľϻһն󣬾Ҫʩչڿļƶߡ
ʱ򣬺Ȼµһ죬Ĵ΢΢һ·ʲôϸһˡ
Ȼʧɫæһһ³ڣɿˡ
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ݺһڲٳɵڿնһ·󣬾ɽŷһ·ȥˡ
һɾһʱʱ䣬շɻصԭʯɽڵĵط
һѾΪһʯĴɽʱʱӸڿշɳĶ룬Ȼվƣʦˡ
ʦܣڻˡ
ûʲôɣǰ׷ʲô飬Ǳǰֵǰץˣ

Ƶһϲķ׷׿ʵ


39 ش
ûʲôֻǡһǰ׷ɱһͷޣбԶѾնɱλǰѾȥҲϸ˻Ҳûȫ˼˵һš
׷ɱޣѹˡ˵ôһֶ̺ġλǰŪӦòͨʦɡʦܣƻ׿һ۵ʯɽϲֳһ˿ļµ˵
ţλǰСҶüƺҲǱ֮ˣ˵֣һֱӵʵ
Ҷüֻδ˵ġʦ㣬߶һʱ䣬֪һһǰҡҡͷתʦһ䡣
Ҳδ˵֡Ҳ֣֪жٲ֪ǰˣҵȲϵҲ顣һ˾䣬ҵȼ˶ȻҲǴҵˡʦһ˵Ļص
⵹Ҳǡ̾Ϣһ
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סڣҺܿͻˡŮȴܲˣͷһֳһץ
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ǰɫʼһɨ
һʱͷ󺹣ֻǧһ㣬ƺȵʽϾʹҪ֡
㾹ȻҺƭңʲôаȻŮӽͭһգһ˿ŭȵ
ʲôҲ޷֣ʦٻһֶԣȻָɣʹҲһʧӰ٣Ժ󣬲һ
ߣҺͱа԰飬δʧֹġѵһҵֶβɣҹŮԣӴŭ
Ӳ룡ڶԷɢһѹ֮£һֻ֮ơҡĵ˶ߡ
ߵĳˣ¶ԷҸһ̽ѵ
ţ¶ʮʯ㵱ҵʱǰװ˷ѵĲɣŮĿоһһǳ
ԣȻΥæյõδȵĶʮʯȡڵϣҴ˳


40 
ЩƵĻصһʱŮڵ׿еĻ޶á
ŮһۺҲȻ뿪˸¥
һΣȻκջյʯŪûˣȻó˵ʦҲ˵ϲʲô쳣䰲˴֮ࡣ
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˴ʱҲֻҰοһˡ
ٴʩڿ뿪֮󣬾ֱӷԼСԺһͷС
ϥúԼһκ쳣ֺ󣬾Ͳٽ·УӻнСϻѪȡ˳ϸ鿴һ
йⶫ;׼ȥӤɽ鷨ѯһ伮پδ
ڸոһι׵񣬶ڲ׼ٳȥִ񣬶ҪȰԼʵһغȥȡһЩЩ
ϾγȥȻõһЩ׵㣬ҲԼɥͷ£иеԼԱ
ңγȥǽŷпͽڵӣȱܱܷͷҲǺõġ
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󣬾ͽװžѪľϻһնȡ֮Ľһţһ󣬾Ϳʼ

պ󣬵鷨󷵻أһ伮ڿʱϲʱ¶ϲ֮ɫ
֪˶ã伮һ϶ϵʱ򣬲˷
յ伮ϼأʹͽҲһǱġ
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һһˮմŵһЩһ
һ䣬һŻָƾո֣˲ͽȼһ֮
΢΢һͽ⣬ֱӽ˿Уϸϸ׽
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ζȻĺóԣÿһҧȥ󣬶һ˵һȥ󣬸ֱӻΪһֱӻڵе麣С
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ֱʳѪĺ󻼣ȻģģҲֻϻѣ̸ʲôڣӦҲûдġ
Ҳ쳣֮ˣ˼˼Ҳ˾
˷ʱִ̧ľϻһС⣬ʼϴտ
ʮڵϱĿš
һһƵһƳҲӦŤѣ·ǻһ㣬Եֹ졣
ڲ֪˶ú˫ĿһŶϺʱһսڡ
һļһЧϸֳһ˿Ц
ʮ쳣˳䷨޳ɵڶڤǾҲûжԶˣۿٹ죬ͿĽͽˡ
ֲֿٶȣʮмһ׹λеĲʵʸо
ÿնڼķ٣ǰһȦ麣ȷʵڵģҪΪԼξеġ
ҡҡͷһת׿˿Աߵľϻ¶һ˿ϧ֮ɫ
ԭСϻѪ˿ֻʣһˣҲǿչ漸ʳá
ţֱһ̧֮ľϻһץȥ
ʱȻɫһ䣬һͰͣͬʱĿоһ˿֮ɫ
ⲻܣô飡
һһ»ֵ̿ϥãɿ
һ´һܶΧƷ趯ѡ
һٷȻϲǺڣһ䤱ģƵĺȻԱǰС˽֮ࡣ
һʱϺȻֻʣ±һ㣬ȫָ˶ʮǰոʳЩǰˮƽ
һٴ˫Ŀ
ֻʱɫѿ֮
ԭ麣ȻָԭСһԭӿȵķʳǰȻҪ˰֡


41 ؿռ
֮Իִ飬׺Ȼ麣Ĵ֪ʱһСԲԲģЩ͸£һСһ㣬˿Ĳۡ
Էģ麣ǰûⶫġ
Ҳո麣зתѣȫһպ󣬲»ָƽ
ѵⶫǰڵǹ;޷ʹˡ
еһ˿ǿѹ£ɿתһ飬ҳһĽ͡
ⶫ͵伮мصалȶģȫģ͸Ҫм־ˡ
ͷϺ鶼δͼæٴһĽڵУϸ۲麣еС
ݿӨԲҲ峺쳣ôҲո˶෨ӡ
һյĹδ鿴ʲôö
Ҳ麣оһ£·һ㡣
һתһҧƾ֮ݱһ뿴ܷв鿴һ¡
顱һ
֮һӴ˲䣬һͬӰѶ
һδкηӦʱֻˡһ죬ͷ­һһں˾һƬİĻҝռС
ǡ
Ȼʧɫ˫Ŀ¿ɨһ飬ֻܺȻȫǻҝڣܿĿռ䣬ҲֱʮɴСӡ
̧׵һ£պ͵Ҳǻҝֻɸߵģ
ֻһһԼʼ˼Լڴ˵̡
ʣԼᵽ˵ȫΪԼ麣еǸݰ㶫Եʡ
ݵʲôڣһѺ˿ûеĽԼ͵ռڣʵˡ
ռӣôҲڣһ˵ηڡ
ԭɫ粻˼˺һȻûеóʲô̫׽ۣл˼Ҳκ쳣֡
һһСһֻƣһȥ
ֻֻûͱһʵʵصӲסˡ
Ŀһվ󣬿дʼһٳ·һſڡ
һһɿ統һݺײ·ǽϡ
˼һĻˣ
ҾһӴ˲䣬ϢûУκӰˡ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬һҲ֮һ䡣
ۡƷɫУнһն·кͬһľʹκηӦˡ
ɫЩˣĵֻ˻ѧķ·
ǽȫһ޶
⿴ͨĻɫȻֱеķ
ͣ˹ԭسĬƬֵ̺һҲһŻ۶һжĳһɶȥһҺָȻһֹͣ
ֵûУʼһ
֮һĴӿһ£Ȼһ
ȴٳɵĴһȥһֱһϵĻҧһ˳ָһֵľʹ˵ϡ
Х
˿˿һ֮󣬿Ȼһȳڡ
ͭһŻɫΣһģͷһֶһɰããһȥ
ۡһ
ɫ΢΢ζº󣬾ٴʧӰ١
һԼǿֶҲЧɫѿ쳣
ӣ汻ڴ˵ˡ
ǣϱٹȵҲ̫ģԭº͸ȥȡ·ݶġ
ںˮ⣬ܺýģһˮҲͿԾۼһų
ʱڣȻִУռÿһطþԼ֪ĸֶΣȻںް취
һ£Ҳֻ޿κεĳԼ޲ˣɫڿռĴϥĵȴ
խռһ˴ţʹ֪Ҳһֿ顣
ֻ˰죬ҲֻܿЦһĿʼ
ԾһĻˡ
ƾδ߶ɣԪλڣ麣зȴûһ˿һӡ
麣ԭֵǸݣǿ˿Ӱˡ
Ȼ֮£ȴмˡ
Ȼ޷ӣڤǾȻǺˡ
֮£Ҳֻܿʼϰˮȼַ
ʱһţתۼ͹ȥ߰ӡ
ûʲôճ䣬֮Ի׼ȷжʱ䣬ǶЯһֲڵͭСɳ©
ɳ©׵Լرģϸɳرٻһʱܽɳ©һɳһա
ΪЩ飬Բһֱߣû뵽ڵ˴ó
ٹִϲķһ顣
㳤ʱȥȻһֱûмʵĸо
ȻЩ˼飬˵ȴֵҵ顣
һ㲻õԼʱֱӶڴ˵ˡ
ʱ˺֮ǣ޷뿪ɴڿռרôǼŷ
ڴڼ䣬ÿһڴŵһľϻлһӡۣ׼ȷסԼȹʱ䡣
ڲ˷ʱȥ飬һĶ츳£ĸڣͽ༸ŷҲСɽ׶Ρ
ʱ䣬רлгĹ
Ҫˣֿﻷһֱһ˴ţҪЩˡ
һ£££ʱʹҴҶˡ
һգ붨оѾǰһվ»ָ󣬾Ϳһһͬʱ֮
ಡಡнͳͳһûǰвˡ
ʮϢ֮ڣѾˣӦǷ˰ɡĿô˾૵˵
һ̣ǰһϣ
һ£һǰıĹлֶǸ۵һʱ򣬺Ȼһ޴ֻΪɢˡ
Σüͷ΢΢һ
ַֽ֮ͬʱۼһֶΣǰýͷٶȵһ֮ȻȻһ뷨
Ҫ뽫ʵ֣һҪķһͷŻҪЩпܡ
һ˼ţһϰԵٴ˫Ҫ
ʱȻˡһԴһ۲һϣһ˺ȻһĵСС
һϣһ
ǡ
һΣĴסˡ
ԼϤ֮ĻȻǰʧǸ
ȻĻص˴˵أ
ֻһƬհףĿʶܻɨһʱ޷ٶκεĶ


42 Ͽһ
ĿһԵһľϻʱȴһĻָ˼ѡ
ľϻУȻʮʺɫɫ뿪ʱһ޶˿ĸı䡣
в
ȻѪΪԵʣʱԶͨ೤Ķࡣʱ仹ܱģĻȻһ˵Цˡ
ɫΣĿװˮľͰһۺֱһһѣȻЩʪĸоϺˮδ͸ӡ
ɫЩ̫ÿˣһһȻӻͳ
һͨɫľϻһֲڵͭɳ©
ɫľϻͨͨɳ©ҲǾУϸɳһ˴
Ȼˡһɫþ
ľϻɳ©ʱĹߡ
ǵ뿪ռʱ򣬴ľϻͱۼ
ͭɳ©Ϊ˼ʱ㣬һֱؿռϵģ뿪ʱδϵġ
ǰؿռһУȻȫһþδʲôռС
ư곤ıʱ䣬ԼϿһζѡ
ǰıҲδ̫ʵһ㣬ǵÿһʱΡ
һһҧĽʶڣٴβ鿴麣Ρ
΢΢һɡ
麣пտҲǸѵСݺȻӰˡ
ֻһΣܽаŶѵҲǲеĴˡ
ΪһһڤǾŴ߶һ麣
ɫʱһ䣬һʧ
ܣʧķôָֻˡ
߶麣󣬺Ȼڷ֪Ϊεָֻ࣬ԭȱɵһ֮ࡣ
ԾʱӷȻԶǰоȴƺǰĶˡ
ϲ֮£æٴι۲Լ麣
ֻ麣ԭһСɢһЩͬʱ˸оҲǰʵ֡
յ伮мأȷǷᴿŻе
ᴿΣգһּʱ飡
һֻͽʦƿ϶δŻðռһԵġ
߷ǾĻͬȾ£ڿɴ෨ʩչַʹ߶ʱҲһ
˵Ȼһѵõĺ£
˵ɾȻҲʧֽˡ
ϲɫ΢΢һպ󣬲˳С
һ˼СʱٳһĻ
ݵǺΪλ䷨Ͽһκַ־ʵ̫۸һЩ
ȻԴһȦûйϵ
ˣô˵ǶѾˡʧһ뷨ȡһӾҲԿġҲֻҡҡͷ뵽
ʱתΨһĴһۡ
ֻ̫߸ҿм䴦ɢ΢ȵ⡣
˫ĿһС
ûмǴĻǹŹֿռǰʱ̫Ҳǿдλϵġ
ϿһΣ˲䷢ˡ
ţһվƿľŵ߳ӡ
վСԺУںнֱһŶһůӳȫ£ľƽ
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Ҳļº¡
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ŷԼϿһǰƺһЩǷȻԣȷӲɡ
¶һ˿Ц֮ɫ
һԼҲƵø˰ɡ
ţĿһתСԺһɫϡ
ڴԱߣԭеһС绯Ϊһͺͺ׮
ΣһЦʶֱһ̧д
ۡۡȭͷ˲ϸֶһ󣬾ͻΪźĻɫϡ
䡱䡱졣
˶ľƬ̼仯ΪһѺڻҡ
ԭ΢Цݣһסˡ
ؿռСɵĻ˾һôڻʩչ
ǳ鴤һº󣬺Ȼһ䣬һ󣬸һ߼
һ֮£
ɫµһž޴ɽʯϣƾնĴָϸС
ͬСǵˮ
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ۡۡɫڼʱֻ˲佫ǿɽʯն߰˽ء
Ȼķ
ȻˡؿռɵķȫͬЧૼϾǿϲ֮ɫˡ
СԺмʩչֱַһ˿Ҳһպ󣬲ͣһСԺݵϣ˫ĿյĲ֪˼ʲôš
ϧ֪ؿռ仹ЧãӦöһʱˡһ̾Ϣ۾Ļվ
˿̵ٺͿҲؿռоԲ򵥵ˡ
ȻǡϧСҲѾˡ
Ҳظ־ֻܽؿռ飬ԼһԵ컯ˡ
˻ָƽ̬󣬵ֻصС
պ󣬵һҲʳһպס˴¡
һգԾѾһ׼뿪סֱִöȥˡ
ĸºɽԶһɢ溮ˮ̶ߣһڴͣһͷбԱ֮һһɫ
¶˺Ȼһͷɫã
żĵһȣҲ֪¶ˡ
һˮͻȻһӥĹ㣬ſڱһҧȥ
ۡһһɫ͸һľ㵯˲佫ɫһУһĳ˹ľǰ
㾪֮£ɡĹֽһſڵͬʱһɫˮߣ߰㡣
ٹһ󣬹ͱ޾տˮһֻͣһϢڵϲˡ
ӥ㵹ǽƻҹ󣬻ǹԹԵϹ˰ɡ
һЦԱ߹ľһ죬һĿͨ꣬ЦݵĴ˳

ߵǰýһߺ󣬲ŲŲæĴӱȡһ¨С
һת뿪ʱĿȻҵĻɨһۺ󣬲һ䣺һΣҲ˴æһɡ
䣬һ̧һɫ˲伤һնϡ
ɫڿһɺ󣬵һȣȻһ˰ߣȻԲѸ븽ݴвӰ
΢ȻһЦһҪ¨ڿշˡ


43 С
ʱԶнŲһ죬Ȼ߳ڷεԵӣȫʮ꣬һˮ̶߱¨΢΢һ
ˣҲüͷ΢΢һ壬ֻǵһͷͼһڿһŻ۶ˡ
ʱемһˣĿˮ̶бԼϹļһɨ󣬵˫ĿһֱһһֻŽɫȭһ³һ
ۡһһŽŵ
һ˼˫һ̴ӻһɶ£ȵط
ڿճո۳Ļƣȴһ󣬱ɫһɢ
λʦ֣ʲô˼ӣɫһˡ
λʦܲöŭֻһ£˵ӥǲѾʦץסˡмʮİ꣬Ժٺһ˵
ԱͲ꣬ĿҲ¨˿ε¶һ˿̰֮ɫ
ͬˣ˵
ǵģͺ˵ˡɵĺܣֵҲȡ˻׽ӥҲѾϵʦܲһ˰ɡ˸Ƿ˵
Ŷλ̾һʵ
ֱΣԴһ˽ȡ׵Ѿǵˡ
ֻǰζֻһı׵ڵӣǰȴһ³΢Щ鷳ˡ
ֲЩŵӽȡ׵ʱ붼ǳȺжˡ
ͨɨӣܴŸӦ˵ķԼ࣬мķȴԱԼҪһˡ
ĸ¿ޣѾٴοҪ޳ɵڶڤǾˣ˵ǰʮа˾һͽڵӣɲԱǰöԸġ
ԷԷʵʱ򣬰ѾһЦػصܼ򵥣й׵ʮʯʮʦҪôÿ⳥ǶʮʯҪôɴཫӥ㽻ǣʦܶʮʯΣ
ʮʯλǴӲˡѵ´Ź𣡡ޱ˵
ʦҪǾӲǾӲɡŹ棬ʦܾ͸õˡűǽƵʵ˽ȴǹڸӼʩǿʳķֻҪʦʦִǰֱӶ֣ͲκġʦܲûãԴ˻û̫˽⡣֮ºӦþͻһ̽ѵˡһԴԴЩӣЦԴĿ˵
ˣϻˡȻλСʦܲԸӥ㣬ͿЩְɡ˵Ļ˹Ͳðˡȴһߵ˵
䣬֡ȭٴηɵʱŽɫű
ҲʮĬĿдʣһ̧֣һ˿
˿
˫ĿһУ֪˰˿
ֵֿܵķ˵ڵӼ以ʱõķ֮һ
һϻҧȻһֻСȻһ֣һ˾ͻΪһӰһ
žž˿Ϊߴ˿ֱԭվŽɫӰҲϷХȫ䵽˿մ
굱ɫ΢΢һ䡣
ʱ顱һ졣
һոʩչ˿ĵӣͨһ¹˵ϡ
һֻȭͷ丹һַһƵڲϣþʹڵϻ˹ȥ
Ӽؼתۼ۽˶Էǰ˶Էݺ
ʦܡСӣҪɱ㣡
ԴЩ꣬һͬתۼͱŵŭ֮ĴеһѳһѺߣݺݳһ
ϻƹһһʱһѹ¡
ȴһŤһ¶һζķɴڵͷǰˡ
һջطȴѾˡ
һֻ˿˿ȭͷݺСһһҲֱſڵ޷ֺˡ
ŵӶʮ꣬ͣͽڣɼ֮ˡ
ᣬ֪ŵĵӣ֮ģȻͼؼͬʱӳֵһ㶯һ
㡭ޣͬתۼͱֻһĻȴ¶ɫһʧ
ޣҲɡһȴޱԷ˹ȥ
ߣޣáһתָ̻˼ֳ̬нɫȦȴȻһģΪһɫܵĵǰͬʱһֻѣд
̼䣬һζһö߳ľӨ׶Ϸɿ쿪ʼγɡ
ˣͫ΢΢һȴȻһٴλΪһӰֱϡ
ˣϺ֮ɫһ֣һ׶ͻΪһķ
Ա׶ܣ丽溮Ҫо㲻Ҳ˵޷ˡ
ֻ֫һŤ·޹߰ȻһΡ
׶ͷһ
ʱȴһ˿թ֮ʮȻзһ䣬һ֡
顱һ׶һ̻֮ΪһɫıѶһ溮֮
һȻһһСԲֶܸһĵ˼ͷ
˶ȻЩˡ
ֻͷһһ󣬵һ˪һСƬԭ˳βһ³ٻ
һ˿Цݣһ󣬵һһһִߣһģ;оͻΪ˿ӭͷһֶ¡
ͬġ˿ڰڵʩ֮ܿˡ
ŲȻһֹͣԭ˿ȴɿºһȭͷ˲䵯
һű˿һȴԶİȥ
ۡһ˿δ£ڹлΪ˻ҽ
һߵȴһ󣬼æпע롣
ʹһͨĻ𵯣˽뱻еĻҲұ֤Լܹٷ֮ٵµġ
䡱һ죬ǰĽ
ɫһһζͷԼ̸ֳϸѺۡ
ˣȴ΢΢һɣҪʩʱȴȻеһһɫ֪ʱĲϡ

һʧɫæһϽɫȭ׷ЩʲôȴѾˡ
ɫ·߰ķɿһȦȻһպ󣬵һƺһʹҲ޷κζ
ȴҡڵ˹˵Ķ׼䲱һƣһڵҲ˹ȥ
һ󣬲һڤǾڷͷһ۶ȥ
˿˿Уͷı˪ɿ컯ˮڣ̼ͻָ糣


44 ֮
˿ڽ»Բѵİһۣ̾һ
֮Ȼǰ򶷴ͬһ򵥵ı׶ȻҲͻȻֳԤϱ仯
Էֻһûͽ
ʱϰ˸ͽӦӳˡ
ţ΢һ¼󣬾ͺĿʼϵĶ
һϸϸѹκõʮöʯԼһƿٹȵһЩ߰ĲϣҩݵĶҲһЩ֪޹ǡ
Щȫһͷһ󣬾ڿնڷһɶȥˡ
պ󣬵ٴνִöʱ򣬴ѾвˣС붼˷ľǰָָʲô
˲Щ֣ûмŹȥһʯ̨ǰ
¨ʯ̨һš
һִµ̽濴һۣ͵ͷ˵ȷӥ㡣ʦȻףɵʵٰҿʦܣԺٶŬɡ
ִһ˵ţһ쳣Ľӹݹƣһɫһ㣬ӳһװʯС
лʦּˡˣ³ʲôôʦֶۼƺͲһö󣬱һЦһ䡣
ǺǣǶһʦҪ¯ӣ׵ٲ˵ˣӱԸָԲ˶ˡϾʦڵһʦһܴѧһҲҪʦУִԣٺһ˵ȴΪȻɫ
ʦ֣Īʲôһʵ
ǺǣʦܿԻͷ׼ĵӶЩʲôˣִ΢΢һЦ˵
ȻЩ죬׿һ۹ȥ
Ƭ̺¶һ˿ɫˣִȴŲæļ˵ǰʦҲƵȥȡĵҲ֪ж٣ǴδɵġЩȡĵӣʦﱻһѪͷ˷ʱ֮úȫһõġԺдֵʱЩ΢곤Щȫ׶ˡǺǣҲֻЩЩʦǣԱгΪʦϣԸһԡ
ԭˣлʦָˡЩȻˡ
ȻԷ˵࣬ҲλһġʦǲźģȻҲϨҲȥȡ뷨
ʧܻ˵װ˷ѼʱĻ˵ʵڲֵˡ
ȻǰһЩ˿Ѿ֪ʦʦֲʦʦһЩͨ⼼ܵĴڣǷǳܻӭģرϡеʦһ˵Ǳزȱٵġ
ĵǶʦĸȤġ
ϾԼһʦĻϴεõëͿɵҩܷӳЧġ
ţת뿪ʯ̨ھʱ򣬽Ų΢΢һٵɨһۣܿҵλʦ
Ȼִ˵¯ӿԵõһٵ㹱׵㣬ɵָ㣬һǵòλʦϿɣб꽫֧ġ
һ죬ͣ뿪˶ִ߳ãԦסȥˡ
˺УҲû뿪ӤɽһסڤǾ
һգȻоһᣬһĻ궼Ϊ֮ĸоӵﴦӿ̲סһſڣХ֮
Х쳣·˰಻˰յʱ䣬ͣ
ʱϲ֮ɫĴȫ£ڳ֮Ĺ
ȻѾ˵ڶڤǾΪͽ
ͬһʱ䣬ӤɽĳУһХȻֹ󣬵ڶӣһЦ˵ХǿȣǱһӽڳɹˣһϲ֮ˡ˵Ԥ֮£һ˳ġ
ϣ˰ɡ˭Ҳû뵽˳ֶΪ֮٣ȻһԽˣϼһԽ水ԼеġԣЦһĻص
ߣǳ治ҪɽˣǵģҪǷڵĻҵҪϼһοڵġͬһԵյԣü˵
ֱӷڣҲǳʦġֻǶԷ䷽ĻҲӲܾġ໺Ļص
ôʦܣյʲôϢˡȪԣĿһʵ
ţ֮ǰոյɽһźʦֺʦòһġ̾һ˵ŵһתȻóһŵɫƤһ׵ȸ
Ȫһץס󣬼æչϸ
ſƬ̣׾Ͳ
յü˾мֲˡ
ʦãҲɡڽƤݸ˵ã˫Ŀһյ˼ʲô
ʲôǾȻҪ󶷷ЩֻŲĵӲμӱԡⲻ۸ŵӲû𣿿ҾɽһԿڣµֻҪһͷЩܣȻͿʵ̼ġµӣǱԣյһź󣬲Ȼŭ
ЩѾƿ֮ˡҾ֪ɽŵҲһѣҲŵμӱԵӾᶯϿܣҲȫܾġ˵˵
һŵӣܹôˣֻһ˲Ÿոս׵ͽڣԷġյȴ󼱵˵
˻Ҳüͷһ塣
ߣȻȻּۻ۵ˡȫ峡Բеģͻ˵ɡĻٲãҲϣõ֮һȪ˫Ŀһһ˵
⵹һ⣡ԷʵӮһ߰˳ɵİաԣһ˿ϲɫ
ô죬˭ȥֱӷ˲ɣյȻĵ˵
ʣڳ⺢ӽʮֿ̿࣬һɡһǸа״ĵӣڰǰѾǳͽٲӦ÷ҲЩǽģټᾭ黹㲻Ҳһɡ˾ȫҲûʲôһһʤĻǾ׬ˡȪһ˼Ҳ˾
ͷյ˼һºҲֻǿͬ
˻󣬹ȪȡһհƤɿдһţٻһӽ
Ƭ̺һŻƴӾӤɽһɶֱ뿪ɽţĳһ·ȥˡ
ºпʼͨȻ⴫һʵʦܿҷʦ֮ɽһˡ
⻰Ȼʯ


45 Һ
һ⻰ȻһдӦһ߳ӣСԺС
һ۾ͿԺվŵʯԼԱߵĺ췢ꡰڳϡ
ڳһĿȴмָ֮ɫ
ʯʦ֣ʦ𣿡߹ȥ󣬿ʵ
ǹʦʦʦҲɽеȺʦܵġסʦܣͽˣʯ΢Ц˵ϸһɫͻȻһʵ
ʱΪոսûã޷磬һ۾ͱλʯʦ֡˳
ʦֹȻ棬СܵȷǰŸոսͽڵġҲû˼̹Ȼĳˡ
ʯһ⻰ȻһֵļΪȣҲ¶ŵɫ
ԱߵڳϣⷬЩĿɿڴˡ
ԭʦܾţ̶һʱͽڣٶȿ˿ѷɫʦˡʯһŽϾ˼֣мֿЦ˵
СʲôţֻǽһЩܽ׵ͽڵġȴ򶨵Ļص
ʦ̫ǫˣʦʳʲôӷĵҩͽںͳڿǽȻͬġͽֻҪˣ˭׾ٽ룬ڿʼͻƿˡ֪Ӷͽھ޷ġǰʦܣھҩ֮ɲʲô֮飬ҪԼһľԺƿʱҲһЩġʯ֮Ժ¶ֻȻ֮ɫҡҡͷִ˵
ڳ˻Ҳһ¶ԭˡı
ʯȻΪ죬һ뵽ĳЩӷĵҩˡ
УҲȷм־ӷĵҩֻͽӲһãҪȡĹ׵Ҳʵˡһŵӣȥȡġ
ϾԴ󲿷ֵ˵ͽֻҪƿֻҪһʱܻӵġƿӷҩȻӴ򹷣һЧûеġһڹ׵ǰȻҪõġ
ȻҩӵķҲȷʯ˵ǰ㣬ԶԶȲԼľ
ʳõЩѪתķûд˱׶˵ġ
ϾЩѪзҲЩԼģܲڲɢķһľˡ
ҪѪӷȿҩӷֶΣӵĲס
ϾֻʳñԼߵѪӷЧģҪһͷǿޣʱ˭˭ɲǺ˵ˡѪʳöˣͬһЩ󻼵ġ
ҾԸһԵĻҲʮҲϡ٣ʦ߽޸Ƿëǵ޼
ͨһЩ伮ȻҲ֪һУһʯԼһЦҲٽʲô
ëѪȻȫѾ¶ˣٱ֪Ҳ޿κˣܶһ²һ£Ȼˡ
лʦָ㣬Сһĵġˣ֪ʦټҺʦǺ飬ʦܸ֪һ𣿡ӦһЩķʵ
һ治ֻ̫֪;ɽЩϵҳ⣬ʦҲͬ˹ȥʯһԥĻص
ɽԣдˡ
ɽͬΪ֮һʵ֮ϵģ֪ƺǳóܻ⣬ٲ֪κˡ
Щʶ˾ͼڿգֱɽȥˡ
Ƭ̹ڳϣȫڴС
ǰԶȪʦֱϡ
ǰԤϳΪͽüͷ𣬰֮ҡҡͷ˵㾹Ȼҩ֮ʱ䣬ЩʧҼǵ˵ȴһ⾪ϲҲٶ˵ʲôˡʦܣ㽫ȫɡ
ʱʦÿĿ⣬ҲЩʧ֮ɫ
ھӤɽʦУҲֻλʦöΪؼ֣ΪǷʳҩͽںȻЩɸֵĸо
һνΪǵ;ڴдйһԼһ콲
ԭ߰ǰյӦλʦ룬һͬȥĳΣ֮̽أ淢һ˲֪ĹֻЩŸոսûãڻā䡣ǺͶԷԼһ󣬾ƽǰЩ죬ȴӵڵź˵ЩϳҪŵӶʽ
˺ͶԷּۻۺվ
ˣѡ׼ȥĵӡ
ֱȻϼȻǣȻֵģҲһ֮ǡҪ˭ԸμӵĻھͿҲǿġ⣬ȻǳȻҲкôǵġЩǺϸ伮󣬲ŷǴеô˹ҩҪƳɵһҺԵͽ߶ôͿĨϴ跥ëľЧǲμӱԵĻֻҪӮдҺʹ͵ġȻܻʤӣʹ͵ķݶȻˡ˵˵
Ըμζ໰һ˵꣬ͺԥ˵
ŸոսͽڵѾԼʵʮ㣬žѷɫκͬڵӵġ
ҲԸΪڳҲһԾԾԵģ
˵Ը֮Ļһ˼ͬıʾԸμӡ
ܺãµɫˡɽɳĵӣ϶Ҳ򵥵ġһ£ǾʱɽϤһ˻ָһʤ㻹һֵġȪˣʮ˵
⻰Ȼ׷׵ͷĴӦ
ǽһʱ䣬˾ʹɽĳϰУÿ춼һЩͽ׿Щʵս
ȪڿȻû̫оһЩͽ׻ؿܣģ¿һЩ湥ȻǺġ
ֵͽ׿ܵĲͬʽԼߵһЩ廨ŷʽ˶۽һ
ȻϰУȻᶯԼȫֶΣֻбֵͨͨȲùȪرע⣬Ҳʧ
һµʱ䣬ת۾͹
һգ˺ȫ˹㳡ϡ
˵˼󣬲Ŵͳһŵɫһǰһס
һɰһ߰ɳɫľۣǰ¶
̣ͨⶼӡһЩŹֵĵɫƣһ쳣صĸо
Ǻǣʦұ۸·ĻһһؾͲᵢ̫ʱˡȪһɫľۣһ˵
ǰҪʦֵзһǧľټ۲ʦѪƶɣܵõһġдĻֻҪͨǿУ򲻹ҲǴ´ġյҲȻһЦ˵


46 Ե
˻Ķǰľۿ񿴲ѡ
Ǵеһʮϡٵķǵһμ
кһͺյľۡ
йȪøȥӤɽ
Ƭ̺ҲСĵľۺ󣬵һһĻֶֻľȫһС
ֳľ۴仺ڿն
һߡֺľ۵һƿնߣٶ֮죬վľϵͽһΣĵˤ
˫һվɫĻһȥ
һƣȫۿɼٶȷɿ˶ȥͬʱ¸ɽǻΪһɫС㣬κζˡ
۾ȻѾǧɸ߿У޷ľ˶٣š
ĿĵأʹñҲʮʱ䡣ڴڼ˻һЩطʱһ⣬ǾкúϢɡ˵󣬾ߵľǰ˼װϱֱվŲȫĲٿطǰˡ
˴Ӧһ󣬷׷׵ϥ¡
յԴӽľк󣬾ľۺĳ䴦Ƥ΢յĶһвˡ
û˫ϥһźиֳһŵֿھ֮ͨ
ȻûǾǰŬҲѾ˷ֻҪ͸ͿѰҺʹͨѱˡ
Ҳ鹦ڵӵҪԵеֶΡ
Աߵڳϣ΢΢ĿУһͷ췢΢΢ƮѣͬʱϾ˿˿Ϣɢ
ɲĳļ
ӣͱһ㵭̹ûˣȻһŽСľ̾Ĺ
սͽڵһ㶼Ҫӹ̾һġ
ʱһĹȥ˻Ϊһ̹⣬һֱƿնС
һ·֮ϣÿҹʱ֣һĽҰ֮ͣϢʱ⣬˶϶ɹġ
һ·£ʮʱһ󣬷һƬһ޼ʵľ޴ߣɵķУĴ۶ȥ
ʱѾ治ɸߴ·紵ˮϼ˶ܿһ
һյ蹤һɫǰԼɼ
ˣԵڵˡ׼һ£׼ˡǰһ죬վ˵
˴Ӧһ󣬷׷𹦷վ
̹Ƭ̼͵˺̵ϿգһٵڵĴϷͣ
Ŀ⳯·һɨ󣬾ͿһƬҰɫʯѣ·طԼʮӰζӡ
ľһĻʱһɢʧ·һȥ
ףѣӣˡǿкóһʱûмˣһλǷɰ۷һƬյͣ£ѵȺڸʮӰ߳һ׷ԲߣƴüĿһЦĳ͵øһк
ǵҲͬɲôӹѵǶҪμαԲɣ߳ľۣĿ⳯һɨ󣬵˵
ôܡȻѾ׵ֻȻҲֻɳӲμӱԵģֻԭһֱտ֮ˡڴһ߰ʱ䣬ûйҲп˰ɽһͷľڵĻҷߣޱ˵
ߣôǵãʦֿҲһͬصģǶλѰڶɼԾܾġٶȿǱȷͨ׻Ҫһ֡Ҳеõ־⼸һȻӣȫ෨˰ɡյ⻰ȴһ˵
ʱѾҲ˷ۡ
Ӵ˻ɾͲˡˣӦͶλѹֵġǶȷֵģƳӡҲͬһݴġˣڻʲôǼҲύˣܲΪһЩͷɡҲѾӦͨˣȻӦҲмŰɡˣϷŹһӣ֪һλ׷˿ŭڽĿһɨ
ǵԼǣǰ¶ˡ㣬дǶλǰһ˼ҲͲٶ˵ʲôĳһ֡
Ӽλǰ㲻ҵæ˳湪һ
ţѾͽˣȻһ˲šдǶ´㼸ۣ˼䡣
һ֣ȥɫһʵĳҲ˵λһιڿҲһʾѵĵӣӵһõ츳֪ܷҲһġ
һãһ⻰Ȼ
Ŷ˵ɡһӤɽλǰ׷ߴһЦͬڵһ֡
һۣĿЩ꣬ޱǰԶԶ΢΢һ󣬾Ͷ˵߻Ⱥ
ȫ΢΢һ
ѣӣĪ֡⺢ǴСһ˶ɽǴ󣬺ֽ˼ȫϣʲ̫ģûжԶλ˼׷߼æ͵˵жӵĳ֮⣬˭ĳ
üͷһ壬κչһЦ˵⺢ӵһĶ츳λ⣬Ҳ˵ˡˣҺʦҲǳʦܺһƽʲôȥԵľΣ
뿴ĻȻûġҶ磬ǰ·ǺɵһڴӦϷԸһ
һʮ굱վӦһתĳߴʯȥˡ
ˣһתһöɫۻһκ󣬴һɰ׹⡣
һģ󣬾ڰ׹ƾղӰ
Žһն𣬲ŲæĴ˸˹ȥ
ʮɸߵľ޴ʯѣһ˷һӽʱ򣬴·굥һһһ
һǰʯһƾʧȡ֮һʮƾɵľ޴ʯݡ
ʯԱߣмȱƾɵĸߴʯ潹ƣһЩģĻƣƺʱѾܾõӡ
벻û˵ؾȻǺǵƿʱһ޶࿴ʯݺһ˵
ȻرصӲƻκζġЦеĻص
ߣѻδǼİյԣȴһĻص
ǰ̽ȷӦǷ޽һظ˵ǼӦòڴ˵زٵġһΣ׷߳һº󣬲Щĵ˵
ٺ٣ɲ˵ȻϴεջСδַ˵źҲ˵ֻλǰһҪظѡȥλҲ֪̽ٱˣҪ滹ʲôر֮һֱ޷ֵġ൭˵


47 ϣ
Ҳ˰ɡ׷̾һȻҲԸٶ۴˻ˡ
ʱһѾʯ֮У˳һбͨµʯףֱȥˡ
һ·УͣܵһС
ʯȫʯɣÿһξ룬һʯϻһʯƵ̨յͨ
ߵʮʱǰȻʣ߽һͨ˴ĴС
˷һ򿪵Ĳʯţ֪ͨʲôط
ǰ·ȴɵһգ뵽һͨС
һûоͶԶǰֳһһ޶ͬͨһ
˵ؾһС͵Թ
ɽȻѽط̽һ·ֻǴһգһƺ󣬾ڲúһϺɫͭǰ
ʦһͭţɫ΢΢һ
ԡһ
ԭյͭţɽһƺ󣬻һ
ǳģ·ӡ
ͭŷһ򿪵˲䣬һϢúڵӣһ
һӦźϢҲüͷһ壬һ̾ͺ͵úɵ˽ȥ
߽ͭź´һֳһ˿Ծɫ
һĶСĵ¶ߣȫɫʯ壬ԼɼһЩɫʯĴһߵĳɫȭͷСĴɫԲʮöӡ
Źһ㵭ɫĻУ·ɷΧڵİɫУȻһŵϢͣӿö˶·һ¯һ㡣
໹յãĿô˾û̫ɫ¶
ǶŹƬ̺󣬾ͻ˵ԤϵĹȻû󲻾ãػ緢֮աǿϧһˣֻҪٶһЩ꣬ͿٵõһЩġ
ҪǶҶ׷ִġĻнտͿʱ򡣡Це˵
ȵػһ緢ԵˡѾڴ¶꣬һûеػ˲ͿήɻˡкģˣѾˣһʮö͵һ޶ûȱ١ֶԵɡյÿˡ
ҵȵӶԣȻҪ̫ӵġɣȻʮöǾͽֳÿʮһöɻʤȥժȡΡȻֻǱԣǶгһӿ˱飬Ҷɳġһ֣ҲԶµڱʧˡ˵ľߣҲˡ
еѿѾǵĺȫˣĳûǶλҲѾӦʲӸ߽׿ʹãǹųһ׺ϻؿܣҲ˱ԡȴĿһ˵
Ȼû⡣ڴӦ
Ƕ˼ľߵһȵ棬һ֮ȻһڸһģĻζ󣬾ڿƼӲޱʯϻһĶԲȦ
⿴˶кȻ
Ͽƣ쳣˫ȴƺѪ֮һ㡣
ˣߣȦߣɥʧжߣ䣡ڿԸһӽȦˡľ˳ȦľȻ˵
˲䣬ʹӾɽ߳һʮĶŮһɫƤ߰˸С裬˫ĿӨС΢̣ʮƤӡ
ڳϣԷҲͽڣ԰ɡ࿴Ůӣ˵
ʱɲʲôļʱǸһʼͽڵӣȻһʮа˾ſ϶£Ҳ൱ڷʤּȻԼ޷󻯵飬ȻյҪġ
ڳϴӦһһ˿˷ܵ˳ȥڷһ߽ԲȦ˲䣬ϢһǣȻһƹ⸡ֶ
ŮˣһЦ󣬺Ȼһԣ׳һƺԲ
һ󡰸ԡ󣬻ɫԲŵص˲䣬һǱκ󣬾ͻΪһϵĺɫߣһڽںźƬԾһֻޡ
ȥ
ŮһһԼһ󣬿һ߳
ۡһ
ֻβݺһģͷ·ĳ漤ˡ
ĺã
ڳھǵһʱָѶԿ޲̫İˣ˵Ҳ˿壬һ£һȻһֱϵɫһ֡
һ죬һ˶ʯذ壬ӵһ𣬲һ󣬻Ϊʯǽĵǰ
Ůˣɫ΢΢һɫȴܵһͷײʯϡ
䡱һ죬ʯ˲ıѷ飬ΪһųɫҲһķϡ
Ǵ˿޷һص˲䣬Ȼһſڣһâ
Ȼһţë룬ٶȵĶ顱Ķĳ֮ϡ
Ůһϲзһ䣬Ҫݿٴη𹥻ͷϿջƹһһͷ­Сɫʯƾճ֣ݺһ¡
Ůһ˲֫һŤʯʱͷĴԱһ¡
ʱһ
һųɫӳ˿ûеĵ˲͵˾ɽŮǰ
ŮɫһţֻһֱȻǰһ
䡱һһ±ѶŮûС

ڳϷһЦӶ泾˳ֻʱȫһǣ紩һһ㡣
ǰ룬ȫһϣһȻµӡ
Σ˫ü΢΢һһְϧ
ǵ鹦Ķŷ֮˼ʹҪҲ±Чѵġ
λʦ֣Цδ̫˰ɡ
ͬһ˿ŭ⣬ಡһһ£ȫһա
ԭ¶ŮӰ
ֻʱǰֱ϶һɫСܣһһųɫɢһ㵭Ľ令У˿˵ӡ
Ůзֳһ˿ɫ
ȻûжãҲ֪Խжϡ̶ȡ
˼ֿԷʹһķ⣬һĵĹʹһʦҲûжٵġ
ܻλΪαԣ±Ǯ˷ҪõĲϷǳңһʦǰٴҲ֪ƳһöǾȻҲµСһɽŮзɫЩѿˡ
ǺǣλѿҶˣɲǸġ֪Ѿͷʲô𣿡Ǽ˿⣬ǺһЦķһ䡣
ʲôмֲˡ
ϣ׷ҡͷԵĻص
ϣѵŮϴʦʲôϵһ󣬺Ȼһʲôʧˡ
ˡŮȷϴʦʮӰһλŮֻΪСϲŻҶµġѾͷЩĻƽ֮顣ȻĻص


48 У
ϴʦӰŮ
һǴ˻յûһۣ¶һֿЦ֮ɫ
Աĺ棬֪ǿеġϴʦʲô
ڳһŮ֮µҲûʲôедͬʱһһɫһ˦һȭֱŮһ˶
Ůˣûд߶ߣһߣԲܺͳͬʱһģʧȡ֮ĸԶöɫֻӭһκ󣬵Żһļ
ڳϼ˴ʧɫȴѾˡ
ϵĺαǰ˱ֹǰŻӦײһһ𣬵ĿŻӲϺϣŻУ˲ѡ
Ż͵λ򼸺ͬʱʱڳвǿһеӲһţʣһŻֺݺϡ
һΣһ·һҽУϺڻѶ屻ڻ˽ȥ
ȣһ֣䣡
һ̾Ϣ
ԲȦ࣬һΣ˺췢ߣһ󣬶ʱȻһ𣬽л涼һ
Ůһۣתߡ
˿̵ڳϣΪȼʱȻͷüëȫյ룬ȫ¶һɺںĽģ˼ϱ̳һЩˮ⣬ʵϲδ˶
ӻȥʱһͷɥģ
һʧܣһΪŮԤϵӵһȻΪʩ󣬾ȻûмʱȡԼϵһ±ޱȣҲܵ졣
Ҫ֪ھӤɽϰʱɴδʩչԭеɱõģû뵽󷴳ܵԭ
Ժ췢Ҳһֲ֮ˡ
ڶԣɽǱ߲δϳȻһζԷȵɳӺ󣬲ŻѡӦսġ
죬㡭
ţʦãһֱ÷ϰɡ
յԭкȥʱȴȻĴϵ
ʦֵ˼ǡյмˡ
һֶʧĻ¸ѹ̫ˡԷӣǴȫģһǽнСԸģھһһЩġ˵
ʦִ˻Ҳе˼ءյ˼һ£ͷתһ䡣
ʦʦ÷ģǽнһĿʲôҶʧܵġʮŵĻص
ţѾһսȷӦôƵġϳɡյҲͬˡ
һЦ󣬾гȥ
յãĿҲ˹ȥ
ֻɽһ֣߳ĹȻǸнꡣ
˵ģɵ
ǵõϢھɽʱλн꣬Ȼֻ֮ΪһĶõ츳ȴһӻڶʦдǶº󣬸֮Ѿ˰ӡ
˵Ĺ飬вɵĿЦһ
λһֵȡʤ̫ϣһжˣҲڴʼնδʹԼһ䡣
ֲҪ̫ӵЧȻ󲿷ھӤɽӪģ˿ȻҲЩ̫ġ
ʲôֶΣʩչɡһ֣ûлˡһԲȦУ͵˵
ߣ⻰Ҳ˵ġһ⻰ŭֱһһģ󣬶ʱһڵɫУһߵĻص
ȻҾͲˡ˿䣬һһȭͷɫԲһ׶һǴΣΪһͷߵɫܡ
˿޺߿ֻܲͬǰۿƷ쳣⣬طһӯ쳣ĸо
룡ǾȻҽ˿ܸһŵӣ¸޷Ӵ˿ܵʵһܣɫ
յҲĿ¶֮ɫ
ǺǣȻƵĸһЩҲδ׿޵ķΧڲݵ⣬־͸õĴˣ⺢ӵһĶ츳һöλѴ۽ġ׷ߺǺһЦ˵
Ƕ˾ĿԴˡҵҲڹкųѲݵĶ׿޵һ֮Ͳļۿȥ
һԷޣֱһɫзͳͬʱһֻһһֲͬ˲Լ֮ڣһ±ñһƬ
顱顱
ֻǰֻ΢΢һͽһĶɡ
ʱֱһ£ɫ죬ɫһ󣬾һٳǰһ
˵һĻˡ
ɫһһ߳оƾ֮
ͬһʱ䣬㽫зһ֮һһ±ʲ˫һȵ󣬾ͻΪһӰԲȦڲٶ֮죬һ֮£ͷĿѣ֮С
Σȴ˫Ŀһ
ͽҲûע⣬ȴԼɱе㣬ȻвʱһЩۼ޷С״
䡱һ
ԷɫâֻǺͿһζ׵Ķ㿪⿴ƾ˵Ĺһ֮ĹۣȻһԶԼȦ񱼵ӰȻЦȻұٶȣǿЦ⣬ϰɡ
䣬ǰֻɭȻǰ֫ȻԲԡĻ£ͻΪһӰҲٶ֮죬Ȼڿе֮ϡ
ΣһδηӦʱܾѾǰǰֻ֫һʱƿ
һâӭͷһ¡
ܾһ˲ͳ俳ʮ֮죬濰ǵʯˡ
Ȼһ԰Ҳһæһ߶ܣһ߻æһ
Сಡಡһ죬ֻɫʸм
նĺâֻһͽֻɫʸնƬ
Ҳô˻һζ˺Ϳ޵ľ룬зһ䣬ЦСӣ䶨ˣ
䣬ԲȦܹطȻ̹ţһָϸĺɫ̴ʯһϰٸ֮࣬һͷ󣬱ĳĴȥ
ֶΣǿЦ
Σȴ̾һ˵һָͷһ㡣
ಡһ죬ͷܾһ»صߣ֮˫һչΧ񱼶
ЩɫҲѾƿĵ˽ǰ
Դ˾ȴȻ˿ֻרĴ߶ԼĿޡ
ӰȻһͣ
ԺȻֻһ޶ܣÿֻһߣǰֻ֫һͻûһ¶ɭȻ⣬ĺڴ̷׷һУ˲նСء
¶Цݣʱһסˡ


49 £
кڴȫһնɫܡಡһ·Ȱĳǰǰ֫һһ
󾪣ʩչֶηֻһᣬֱ̹һֱһȥ
ס֣ľ̹ɵڶ㣬޷ֱӵطεȹġ

ɫһ³ǰһָһ£ͽһɢ
ˣͷܿҲһɾһ󣬽ȥ
ΣĿ׹һͷֻǰ֫ٴһǰ
⻹ǣӰһΣҲһ³һֹ߶ޣͬʱЦе˵
һ֣Ҳ䡣һĶ츳ȻʺϹŵĿ֣ԲͷܣҲ˰ɡǹȻҵһλʺϵĴˡ´һ꣬һ˵
ԲȦյãΣҲ̾һ
ղҲ˵ãֻݵʵ̫ˣٶ֮죬ȹ֮£һʩʱ䶼ûеġ
ѵһαԣǾӤɽһҪȫûɣ
յ뵽пЦһת׿һԵһۣȻм
ʱȻûв߻ֻ֣̿һƽվ·ǰֵʧ˿Ӱûһ㡣
ڻܱľңѵˡһҲҪ̫ѹԼˣ֮ɫһ򶨣Ҳһ󣬳һ䡣
ǣʦ壬һᾡġһĻص
ʱɽȺҲ߳һʮľ׳꣬ͷһѪɫ̺ۣѳԲȦһվ󣬾͸һ쳣׺ĸо
ϢԣޡǴУµ𣿡յһӦ׳ϴϢ󣬶ʱɫһ˵
ӾܷģڷҵڿµģҲǿܳܿʹûбѹϵĵ֮һȻԿµѡһƺҲǺƽɡ׷һЦݵ˵Ŀеһ˿֮ɫ˭ܿġ
޿ɲһͽѡĵ·һһǿᣬܹܳ޷ܵʹܾ࣬ĸǧ󣬷ܵôһλ
Ҷͽ˵ͬ޸һֽƿǵĴڡʹʦ׶ΣһЩⳡϣҲܷӳһʦûеȻ޼Żÿжᾡѡר޵·ġ
ǴжһѡıԵӣȻûõµӣÿһģҪ
ӴΣҲֻܿЦһĲ˵ʲôˡ
˵ԭյüģм֮ĵĻڿɾֱӵ䵽һ˿ˡ
һӦ׳׺ϢҲüͷһ壬һչ󣬾ͲŲæȥ
׳һ˫һ̤ԲȦУɫһֱһͽڳһͬʱдʺ巺һ󣬲һģ󣬸ͷһ±ԭȸߴ˰ͷֽ࣬ҲֱһȦ࣬һȻüǱؼмƵӡ
ΣĿһҲдʵĿʼͬʱڷɴܳһƵĺ
׳һͺȣڳͳְпٵݺһȵ棬ͻΪһɭɭֱ
ۡһ
һűͨ𵯴һȦ򵱶浯˲˸㲻ܵĿϡ
ڷ붼ǾģʹͬĻҲһͽʩչǿһġ
һ󣬻淭类΢΢һ
׳һߺпһʢȫһȻֱ߼תۼʮ֮ڡ
ԲȦյһ׳ֵ뺷һ۵ٴοЦ
˿̵ĶˣȡʤҲ˿ϣˡ
ۡۡųһٴλ˿ϡ
˽ľ룬ʹ׳ǿԶһǰһҲе趯ֱһЩظˡ
һҲ֪ԼʱֻܽȴˣһȺֱþȫʹһ֣ǰٴһͬʱȻһԾΪһӰֱ˶
У˶ʱڽųĶ֣Ȼʱʩչκη˵һ󣬴˳սȻҲͽˡ
׳һ³嵽ǰʱȴûӶԷϿξ֮ɫһ˿Цݡ
ԡ
׳꼸һʱͲ˲ףƣȴѾˡ
촽΢һȻųһ
䡱䡱󣬾׳ڳɢַɳҲӲһɣһ¾С
Сɣԣ˿ʩٶȣƺСɾҲвʱˡ
ȻתһĻԲȦۿĴһʧгԱߵľȴѾһֱӳ嵽ԲȦУһ󣬽׳ϻһ
Ż򵥵ģȻλгҲ㼰ʱ׳ѾһſڵϻԲˡ
ãܺáû뵽һŵӣҲܽյȳ̶ȣֵҲĲԩڷҲһ˰ɣͨͽҲġӣǹȻһ֡ľ߿˵ϵһۣĿһ˿ʹϧɫתһʱĿȴһ±˼֡
⻰ɾԩҶˣʲôʱ򽫻ȾģҶҲ֪ԡӰһΣҲһ̧֣һǴϲɫ
յãͬǾϲ쳣ı顣
һ־ܹȡʤ̫Ԥˣһһûпֶˣ򲻹һŵòԺӤɽһҲ޷ڴǴǰ̧ͷˡ
СɣڷǷ񾫴һЩ飬ȴȫСˡ
Ǵ˿̿Ŀ⣬Ҳοı顣
ãʤǿժȡ֮һϷһ飬֪λѿȤٶһ֡ǵµӽ׳걧ԲȦιҩ˺ٿһۺ󣬺Ȼֿ˵һ䡣
⻰ʲô˼ϲɫһգɫһ
յҲ˵ӲվһԷ
ܼ򵥡ҿʵҲһΣʤˣǵҪˡǵȡʤе֮ȫˣλΣôҲռ˵ģǺʹлһۺ󣬰׷ʮĬĻ˵
ʲô֮֮һһЩȻĶˡ


50 ػ
ˣԴ˽ҶѾˣٱˡյȴȻڵ˵
ȷ⺢һֻǽһʤϽĻôʤҲ̫һЩʱҲһ»Ȼ˹ֱӳھܾ
Ǿڶעռˣ޷ȡʤȻˮһյġ
ȻټһٽΣüͷһ󣬾Ȼһ¼Ӵ˶ע
⻰һסˣյñҲһˡ
ûɣλΪʣµ֮һȻԸټϰٽٽļֵѾѷɫ˵ˡعЩŵ˵
ѣӣҶ˴˴ζЩڱصõģҪôһŶûеõҪôȫõԵɣȴġλѷģʹӱʧܣҶҲԸٽġ׷ͬȻĻص
յûһۣ˶Էеһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
λԵһ£ҺʦÿҪһġֻ˵Ļص
ȻλѾʱϷ˻ǵȵġ׷ȻڵĴӦ
죬ץϢһ°ɣһ˵Ҫٱһεġյûзԣһתף쳣صĳ˵
ǣ֪ˡ
ӦһԭϥʼĬĬ˹ָȻͬ־ȣ֪ɽλʦ״ʲô⡣
յãʱȴѾߵһߴ촽΢ѣȴûκǼΪĴ
ֻеͽԺѧϰʶҲǵһμһۺ󣬲дк
ڳϺԴʤɫͱ쳣رԼѿ֮
һӶ޷Ӯһȴһһ֣ƺҪٺͶԷٱһӣʵеĲʿ֪ˡ
Ŀ⣬һ˿֮ɫ
һյ蹤յò飬˹
Ǵмξһ¶׼ɫ
ȻλӮԭͰٽҶȻҲþܾġҶ˻һޱ˵
ʲôλѾ˵ˡǴлһۺ󣬰׷߻ص
ⳡԣµˣҶȻ˵Ĵ뿪˵أȫλСӮ˵ĻλҪʵǿЩԭ򡣡಻˼˵
ԭ򣿺ãЩȻҲûбشϢҪˡɫ΢΢һ䣬һ˼ҲһڵĴӦˡ
ãǾԼˡ˫üһһֻȥ
žžž󣬰׷ߺһƣȻʦԲȦȥ
죬Ҳ֪ǷʲôֶΣһԾȫʩչֻҪӮнСӣõкôҶȫʮ֮һྭߵʱ򣬺Ȼת׳֣ص˵һ䡣
ֻҪӮ˱ԣҲ˳ŵġյҲȻļһ䡣
֪ˣһᾡȫġһԵõʮ֮һĺôҲȻһæ׵Ļص
ʱǴжҲ֣ص꼸䣬ŷ뿪
ޱҲ߽ԲȦУһɫԲһһ»Ϊһֻܡ
ʦãôмʤ㣿վԲȦ⣬Ȼյһ䡣
ϳǰֻ˵ֻаˡȻѾСˣϳӮǰɣӦûֶδóġʤӦҲֻɰɡϾӵһĶ츳ͷϺʵ֮յóĬһº󣬲ص
ɰҲǶһˡǴӣһҲ̫뿪ġЦһĻص
ţҵǸΪЩȴ˵
ٺ٣ǴȡʤĻȻ֪ˣǲܵĺŰٽȥҲضˡٺһĻص
ȷˣģҲֻоȽˡ΢ͷ
ʱѾվһƺڷɴܶٵһͭһһɿ뵽Լڡ
ͬʱͭһ죬һԲιҲֱ۵ĸֶ
ķô𣡡ϵͭһۣԵ
ǲԲ֪ˡŶԷȴ˵
ҾһˡĿ׹һ󣬵һָͷһ㡣
ֻܵǰ֫Ȼһĺ󣬾˫ȻһչһӰֱ˶ȥ
ˣзɿһǰһϣһһööɫƬɿĸֶһ
ಡಡಡһ죡
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΢΢һæһ߿ޡ
ǰ֫ɿһ£ȻķУҲɵȥ
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˿ٴһͬʱ˫һȴһĵı仯ͷģӰ޷ٵͬʱ
ͫһзĸӼ٣ٴһ
ƿ
ĵм˲һĽֻӰһնֻһֻǰ֫һŽһĶɣڰղ£󵹷ɳȥ
ʱȻһӰһһһ¶ֱ߰һȥ
ۡһ
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ʱһա
ͳýһĵʱһߵȴٴһƿ𣬾мһĿ겢ܣһ󣬾͹Ȱĵǰ
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Ӵɺķȫʩչ֮£ٶ֮쾹ǰҪķ֡
ȻһӿҰһҲһҪȴˡ
顱顱
нʵʵնǰϣȴƹһ˿ľ
սסǴУǶ˾Ȼ͸˱ⳡԲԭҪϲ࣬һĻŭӵĳ׷߶
յüΣҲɫѿ쳣
ߣ㿴ˡõĻ֮ɲϴεĻսףԼػѡ
׷ȴǿһЦĻصɫ΢΢ףȻղһĻҲһ

ԣ΢΢һˡ
ʱһߺȻ·һ£¶һװɫ··ǰȻһ澵ӰԲľƬסǰغ󱳡


51 ʤ
ľƬ⻬쳣ӡһЩɫƣܱԵȴϸǽϡ
ն֮ҲֻǰľƬӡۣ޷һն
ΣȻҲһ㶣ȻҲû뵽ǰҲʧ֡
һֻǰľƬһġ
顱һ
ͨľƬͻȻչתۼͻΪһľ׵ĸϰҪ
㻹˵ⲻʹ͵ĻսףΣʱŭ
ⶫ治ͣҶ˿ԷġҼʹػ仯ҲǳªԶԶƲǻս׵ġ⺢ӾȻѾ㸴ӵĻˡ׷߼æ䣬ο֮ɫ˵
һԵĴУҲǾϲı顣
ƺıҲԶǵԤϡ
һǶĴ˵ﶼ˵ˣһ󣬵Ҳ˵ʲôˡ
ʱľҸǰĽһͷһȥһһתȴһĴָϸĶ̹˵ĳһ¡
ۡۡ
âӹһ˼͵ǰ
Ȼ񶤣ʮֵĹ졣
ͬʱܣһҲһعıһȥˡ
顱顱ʶĽϹһ̧񶤱˲ıѶ
һɰɫҺڱгһ󣬾ΪһŰ׺˿һ¡

һݣзɿһٵһһų˲ļһ´˰ɫ˿ϣһ±Ѷ
ԾһĻˡ
ԭΪӦһ»Ϊҽ˿ڻиδˣ΢΢һûɿ˳Ƶٴһֶ¡
ɫһ䣬Ȼзһ䣬ͷһ𣬺Ȼƾոֺ󣬾ûһĻ
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ɫ˿һֶº󣬶ʱһжס޷ˡ
һĻһ㶣ԲȦսǵˣҲˡ
ڿֶΣʹҲǵһμġ
æһͷȴڼ嵽һദֻаǰ֫һ£ͻΪʮһ¡
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ˡһ
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һ̣һĳ
ɫһ£ڷһ£ӻͷһٴνһˡ
ϧȻΪܻžԶȻһλĿ꣬ȴ˿ûģ߶²ͣ
Ȼ֪ҧַȻʱ伫̣ԪȻһͽҲ޷ֹ֧̫õġ
ȻҲ֪飬һλܺ󣬺ȻһͺȣСһ´ִһȦٺݺһĳȥ
޳ɵڶڤǾӳ֣ǰûҧʩչ˼ǱһٶȻȲܣҲѷɫ̫ġ
ʶһ£׷ʱȴѾЩˡ
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һ£ȴûбѶ
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ˣȻվԭδһº󣬷ж̹һ֮ɿһץһ¶һֱ۴ϸĽԲͲںͲһ¶׼ǰ
Ȼֻ壬Ȼ֪ԲͲкζ֮ľ黹˲Σ֮ĸо
붼ĵȻǰһģڹһ֮һڝһ⸡ֶ
ͬһʱ䣬ԲͲ漸һֺ󣬴һɫĹ棬˲;һûС
˲䣬һźɫԲҲӽһһָͷһ󣬾͸һĻΪһֻ˸ߵľ޹ܡ
˾޹һתվ󣬾ͷ·һں޶ܵĽ껤
һǰľ޴Ϸɿһġ
һ죡
޹꿴񱳿ϵʮС׸ƿһʮʸΪĴмǰһȫ˹֮ڡ
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ಡһ
һӰһһ༤˲Ͷ㿪˸ʸĹһǣȻһ䣬Բ˼ٶȻһԲһ༤ȥ
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תһȻ߷һ˫һֻһ´棬ͬʱһ𶯣ٶһ£Ҿ͸Դ
ֻƼ䣬Ȼֵķѡ
ɫһ±
лս׻Ӵȴ˿ûУıһնҲ϶Сˡ
Ȼˣһתͷ­Ŀ׹ĿվԱߵĶ֡
ʱһɫ·ѱûһƬˣϸһѬǵζ¶ĲȵطܿƬͨˮݣһ˲ӣȻЦݵĿ
Ŀ·һɨ󣬶ʱЩȻ
ֻһֻСϲ֪ʱһһȴ㴦в֪
ղܹ֮ٶȴܸı䷽ͻȻƵһȻǽ˴˺
ֻǶʲôʱ򽫴˽봦ģȻ˿ûв
ļƣҪһһҶ֡һֵ˵
ҲƷӵͷ֣ܰԿһµġ΢΢һЦ˵
죬ĺáȻûʧǴλѣһô˵ԲȦΣҲ಻ס˷ܵĴЦ
ԱߵյãȻҲЦˡ
ߣ˾ˡѵֻǷڲɣɡӵļưٳǼһӡǺһɫЩѿ˵
Ȼڴ˱ʵ̫Ϊˡ
Ƕע顭಻˼ʵ
Щȫˣǰ׽ԺҶҲµԸ͹ġǼЩҧгݵ˵Ҳˮԭһﲻ
ǺǣǾͶлλѺˡԣϲ˵
λǲҲøǣΪζЩصز˰ɡյȴĿһʵ


52 
ȻѾλˣϢ˵Ȼûˡλѿ֪巻ٴοˡָһĶУ֮һе˵
ʲô巻гˣλѲǿЦɣһҶΪ˿δյԣһ
ߣںҪȥ˹£Ҳ֪ϢġǺһĻص
ѹˡлλʵ棡Ц
յⷬԻҲǾϲӵɫ
Ҳ̫ˡ巻ȻĵرҲҪ㹻ܵõҪĶܿܰװױЩ壬һصġûк˵
һͲʹǵѲˡȻôˣҵȻúıһŻȥġЦһĻص
ڵеˣǵһ巻е֣һͷˮ
ˣ죬ⶫ䣬ȫװаɡסǻǧֱӽӴȫữΪƾɢġʱյýЦһպ󣬺Ȼͳŷǰһ׺󣬶ʱڰлΪһɫһͬɫС
ǣˡһ˻״Ӧһֱһļһ´ϵĸˣһ졣
һƿҩ˴ٹȥɡյüΣɫһĴóһСƿ˹
лʦáȻһϲصӹСƿеһЩ峺͸Һ˴һͿĨһ֮ʱ鲼ȫʹʱȥ˴롣
һ󣬽ҩƿһն𣬾Сǿ˹ȥ
һߵֵǲɫĻǰʱһԥ󣬼յöûκαʾ󣬾ͼǰ
ǰһ
ֻһ󣬾һ߽˹Ļڣһɱ滹Ҫȱ
üͷһ壬ڷ΢΢һߺ˿˿һð֮жʱȥ˲١
żߵ̧־Сһɫһö¡
ۡһ
·Ѿ͸ʱӦĴ֦ͷϹ£ȴʱĺɫС
ˣûκγɵĽС趯
һſºתۼͽ˴롣
յüˣһЦ
ǴֻܿЦѡ
߰ɡȻûǵģҲõġ׷˵
ľԣȻûзԵ˼
ǶкһҪһµ뿪¶ˡ
ʱպýһöһ£΢΢һЦ󣬾ߡ
˼Ȼһ𣬲һļæһ
ֻڵرһ¸ʮģź¡һ죬һˮװִһ˲佫ûУΪ˻ҽ
һ˷
ʧɫһҪ˵أηһ𣬺ӰһΣյþȻͬʱһ֡
൥һһʱǰһء
յȴһµǰ˵һСĺĿĶŻ洦ˡ
ʱƿԭѾߵڴİ׷߶ˣҲһѷķ˹ɫĿų档
Ƭ̼乤󣬴Ļһգԭһĳ취ʮ΢΢ѣɢ˿˿
СŲ
һӺɫһ˵
ȷǴ˷󲻼١ٺ٣һ壬˹Ȼڴ˵ػ˲ֻ֮ҵȶû뵽ٺڲŻֵġҲų취󣬺ٺһ˵
յúľȻû˵ĿĳԾɫ˭ܿĵ
λѴҪڽȥһ̽ҵȲЩ׼ھͽȥĻǲ̫ðʧһЩת׹׷߳ɵʵ
ʲô׼Ȼ٣ػӦúܿͻᱬʱ춼һٵˣѰ˵ıˡɣҵµ˳⣬Ȼһ̽Σ˭ܵõʲôȫԻԵˡ׷ҡͷ˵
ãĳҲðһˡɫ仯˺һҲһҧĴӦ
кյһԥҲû
˷Ը£еӷ׷˳˶ߡ
뿪ʱ࣬źһͬ뿪ˡ
һٷڳԼɽʮӾͼͣڵĴʯϿգȺˡ
Ȼзķֳţңңš
ʱһĹȥתۼ͹ȥ˰ʱʱ䣬·ȻĵĲκζ
ڵӶЩЩʼ˽
ʱ򣬺Ȼ·һʯ˿ûеıѶһһɶһģ󣬾ͻΪ˿˷ȥ
ЩǽֵܵġһȺȻ·ӰһΣҲƵĴһɶһڣͷ󺹣·ǰҲȫһսһ㡣
ǵľʾˣҽкں˿һ󣬻˱ֱӶնء
оȻͰڳλӤɽӡ
ǷӦĵӣһĺ˿Ҳͷ󺹡
δкӦʱӰһΣյþͷֱǰһѽ
һһڰһɢ󣬱۾һ³ǰ
һ˽뵽С
ۡһ˵һ̷۾ͻΪһ̹ļߡ
ͬһʱ䣬ɽǱߣǴʦҲɿųһ¥ķһһƴӶȥˡ
öǷȫʩչ֮£ٶ֪֮ˣ̼͵˵Ե
·Ȼ¡¡ľһ̼컯ΪһƬ𺣡
ͬʱĴһУ̶쳣˲ɵͷƤ顣
ãʦ֡ѾȫˣٿһЩǧ׷ˡյһУɫ৵һ˼֣æ˵
ʦãһ֮ͶöѪ֮ͬһ˿壬һҧ˵Ļص
ã֪ˡҲˡյò˼ĴӦһɿԸһ
ԻδڳϱǰһĻлعֻʶĵͷ
ȴһݣæ£һץס˷۵Ĳڡ
յȻЩףȴϾ˼̫ˣֻһΣһվ󴦣ֻȫһµϣͬʱʼɢһİ׹
һͺȣſһžѪַɿһ


53 ͨ
Ѫӭ绯ΪһѪľ֮С
һ졣
һٶȴ룬Ϊһâƿնˡ
δ֮£һ󱳺ݺײľ۲ϣʹһͺ
˫һ󣬵ԭδһ¡
ʩ࣬һƨ˼װϣɫ԰֮ˡ
յý˫һնغĵĲͣȥ
Ƭ̼乤򣬱ѷɳʮ⣬ۿڽʧʼδκζ׷
յüˣɫΪ֮һɡ
ϸոѣԸʵ׷ɱҵȡĸǽӹһˣյһ˵
ȥ󣬴һҪ֪ͨʦ֣˽ӣǸս׻ڲãٹ˰꣬˾󣬿ֵȼھҪд鷳ˡ˵
˭֪һͷҺڵͨԣǰ꣬ͻȻʧʱ˭ΪǷʹֽԷûйΪ䡣˭룬ԾȻǱڴ˵ػһֱ޲һĽ׵˻֮ڣ͵͵˵ļյҲµԵ
Ҳҿǽȥʱڰ˯֮䣬ǿڷԽƵ䲻òԱ˱ӵ齣Ժ޷ƷϣˡЦһ
϶ȴûӹ˽٣ȥ󻹲֪ʦֽġյɫһ
϶飬ȷʮʹϧҲû취飬˭֪ǿȡ֮ʱڷԽɳ£ԱĲǣɽǱƺʧ󣬴׼޵ĵӣƺͬûӹ˽١һĻصĿһ˿Ρ
Լôһ¡
յõ˽СŲ󣬷ǵûҵһͷ֮ƵʦòĶӡ
ʱյƺû˼̸ȤһֻͷۣһϿʼϢ
ʮһڷڡ
һصӤɽȻס󣬾ͺյȥɽҹȪȥˡ
Ƭ̺ŶִҴ뿪˾Ӥɽ
һʱʦڵɽϣͻȻһ
֮ɽͷʦڱͽΣ׷һͣ飬׷Ƶȥˡ
ͽŵӣǴΪԾһʱ۷׷ס
ͬһʱ䣬صסУڴϺ˯ԴԼȫһδŵӡ
ڶһ磬ٴʱһŵѹ棬֪ͨȥ顣
ŵӳлһ󣬵ڿƵֱɽȥ
ȽʱࡢѵȺƺոʲô飬˶µӡ
ݼʦʦ壬ʦãǰһ
ɡ죬ڷԵϵı֣Ѿʦʦ˵ˣΪɽ˴󹦡һ¶һ˿Цݣһ
ңⶼǵӦ顣Ȼǫѷѡ
Ҳ˵ЩǾӤɽȻһЩͷʻĲ˵ʦ˵ǶһؼǰѾӦúôʮ֮һʹ͸㡣˵ĻҲԷԵġʦܣ㽫óɡ΢΢һЦת׳˵һ䡣
ͷһƤһץʹó˼һһڷԱߵϡ
ȻһװŴԲĳľϻ麮ĺɫ
һƷֵջʮ֮һңǶˡڴ֮ǰ㣬һ¡˵
ʦָ㣡ǿѹϲ⣬й˵
һǣԽöֱˣܹȡǧʯһʯ㹻ʮڵһпˣʶ˺רΪʯ鱼ʲôڶ飬ҿ԰㽫ö͵õʦҲ԰룬ӶƳƿϴҺ㣬ΪۣǾҪջˡ죬ΣЦݵʵ
ѡڶԣ붼˾
㲻ٺúˡȪش죬м⣬һ䡣
á֪ʵӣҺȻϴ׾ЧȻġȻĻص
ãȻ˵ˣǾʮٵȡϴҺɡͷȰ˵ȥˡ
ϲԴ˳л
棬һЩ󣬾ʹȻȥˡ
ʦ֣ڳ϶Ѿˣ治㽫״֮𣡡һڴŴʧյ̲סʵ
ȻڷԵϱֲϾֻټѾĵҩԺûжǱˡϴҺӦҲֻͽڶѣʵڲֵٶ໨ˡɽԴޣǼڷõϽϺãǾӤɽһϣϾֻʦĶ٣ܾһǿҡҡͷ˵
ЩϧˡڶϵıʵھˣͽڵĻ˵ϣΪһĵϯλġ˵
һĵϯλʲôô֮£ܶһʦĻȻȫͬˡȪԣԼֵ˵
˵ˣյûһۺ󣬵˵ʲôˡ
ˣ巻е飬Ҫôȥȥʹ͸ö⣬лʮöӦøպù뺣巻ѡһˡĿһ󣬻һתʵ
ţ巻пȷһܷŹġ˵пܴлȡǿʮٱĶЩҲһƻ쳣ѾܴӷдˡɣͷһλӵĿ츳ĺͬУվܴϼˡһ˵Ļص
͵ˣȻͷû
ʦ֣˵ʦѾˣҹԵȥˡһ󣬵ɫһʵ
ȷˡԭϡڣһǱοһͷڳԡʦܵõһЩԾѪʦɴеҩ˵ܽΪһġ֪ԴڵĻоɽ֮ˣλҲѶġԣĻص
Ȼ󻯾ǰǶһˡյȴһ
ߣʦδ˵̫ˡͬȵĻ߽ԭͱҪǿһͷԸڷǰ㳤ãҲӦѧһЩ£˵˵ļҲڴУұ˲ˡĻȻʦͬʱҲһʮɰնɱԡһĻص


54 ͨ
˵ĻǴɾͲðˡԴԻʵҵͨʦǾġɫ
ʦ÷ġʦȻ˵ҪںѪӵҵĻڳ϶ֹһ˵ġǳȻӹʦ׷ɱһǳڡѪӵҵĳϳ֣ͨٴҲֻ·һġرڵķɽ֮쳣ͷûзԽ£Ȼ׶Ҳ޴ӵֵġȴвͬ˵
ڵķɽһ޳ɣȷǴɱѪӵѪҲǴޱȣһѪֻǻƶƤҲһغġ˵ˣֹңǼһûѹ׵ĶڣٻʦүҲԺɨڵġ˵ЩкˡԴʦүȥ󣬾ʧӰ٣ٻˡյԣҲ̾Ϣ
͹һۺ󣬲мֿЦ֮⡣
ڵҲưڹԺȴһһˣڻһλʦǿ֧֣λöЩˡ
ЩФ󱲺εȵĲˡ
ˣͷȻǸ鷳ʦڣҲ̫ķˡһ±һЩˡһ˵
յԣȻᷴԣʼһ⡣
ʮУֵһ覵ƿ
ͬƿӣһϺȻ
մǱƿϴҺ
˵ЩҺʹʱȼ˶һȻһȫõѵϴ׾Ч
Ȼ̣Ȼ̫ġ
ĬĬ˼һ󣬺ȻƿҲڵϣʹ󲽵ߵСԺС
һ
ֽһ¶һ㽡׳һ󣬾Ϳʼһ׿ƹŹֵȭ
һһ飡
ȭ죬ǰֲʱѧĶȭ
ʱһȥһ㾧Ө鸡֮ҲʼɢڵԽԽŨ͵ȭ綼޷ɢɾ
жȻһգ΢΢Ϣд߻ء
ɿ콫ҲһѸɾ󣬴ӵϼһСƿһ󣬴浹һɫҺϸʼֱͿĨ
ҺһУһֱ̹ǵĸо켡һĨ֮ȴһֵľʹ
һģжȴ˿ͣɿ콫ȫÿһطͿĨһ飬Ȼľ͵£ĬĬ˹
ÿһηתϴ̺Խһ֣һѭ󣬼һѪҺסĸо
ǰѹ֪ʱؼʱ򣬹ʶȻҧгݵǿд߶ڷתͣľб˫ĿȥʱһС
֪˶úϵıȥˣͬʱ伡ëпʼڳһֺں֬Ķɢһ֮ζ
෴ǣȴ쳣һ㾧Լѡ
һ̾Ϣ˫ĿԼһ֮üͷһ壬дʼͷһ㡣
ۡۡ󣬼ˮƾո֣˳ƶ½ϴһ飬Ϻɫ۹ȫϴһա
ͷʼһ󣬺Ȼʲô˫Ŀһк󣬽ٴγڣɿ鿴һ顣
⾭麣ȶƺЩ˵ı仯ҲһЩȻܶ൫ҲԵµĿЧˡ
üͷһ壬Ȼֱһָ̧΢һգƺǰһЩٵ´һȫͷҲһ㡣
˵ԴڤǾһʹûж÷ӳ֣ҲһֱеġȻÿӲ࣬һҲͬСɵģɿǰˡ
һʼΪԼǰϰϰ׶ȭЧŵļӤɽԻһº󣬲֪׶ȭȻиЧûˡ
һһֱڹӵ飬ʮа˾ΪڤǾԵˡ
˵ʵ׷ȻƺڵĹ鹦ʮƣھ޳Чἰȴ޼ԭڹ󸽴һЩרҲһûУǲؾλߣڸ䷭Ľûд
Ҳ˵˴һЩͬķ⣬ָڤǾʲôʵսֶˡ
ԴӷִʱоһֱΪơ
һҪڼַ϶гɣ񲻿ԽԽһˡ
ţҡҡͷϥ£ٴСƿʼͿĨȫ
ͬĴ̺ͬľʹٴһ
󣬵һ߶ʱ򣬼ԱǰһЩͷҲǰ˰ͷࡣ
ʱϻһЩڣ˭Ὣ䵱һʮ˾ˡ
Щ죬ÿһͿĨĸıĲ̫࣬ǵһЧȴ֮ˡ
һֽźСԺдһȭ
Ľȭ磬ͽӲȥһ
ֺȻЧǰȻ޷ġ
ԼҲƿϴҺЧ֮
һպ»صʰһºپһ󣬾Ϳʼͨ
ڵУ֮һϾʹһͷĻ൱ƾնһ֣һЩյʱɴԼ̽һЩδ֪Σա
ʶʹһЩ޹ʺ֮ͨҲǿһġ˵ֻٻͼĹҲܱûеĺá
ǰʱĲ򣬽͸ʮ֮˾š
ͨ˵һͽҪôõܹʹǿһ;
һ־Смλͬͨʦһ㣬ԼͨһЩư׹ħĹܣȻͨշһЩ»ҰǼһЩӵսʶսֱ꣬Ӹڹϼʹ
ΪһЩͽս׼ʶֻҪƳܣܿӵвʵĹ
Ǵֹʵͼ仺ˡϾսѵǲͣܶһּķʱѪ顣
֪жڵΪѡ񣬶ķӶŪĵòʧ
ڶ͸ˣǾǽڵһ˵ֽط󣬿ֱȥһСڤءؿռ䣬ԼȥѰһЩĺǼԽ
һʮ㣬ֻҪǷ֮أͻԼһʵġ
ڤգһͽӸ˵֮УʶץĹҲ󶼲ͽ׵伶ͨһǿʱ֮Ҳ֪ˡ


55 
ַףڲúַʽȻҪԼѡˡ
һ˵ͨ޷вȱʯڵӣ󶼻õһ֡
ϾҪѴһֻܣٿһֻͽս꣬˵ʮּ򵥵һ顣
Щͨͨʯĵӣ󶼻ѡڶַʽѰҹ
ַ˽ڤҪһ׵⣬̫໨ѵġǻԵɺϵҵһֻǱЩ˵ܽһֻ
˵ĻЩʵ̼ڵλҲ췭ظ仯
ӣڻֹٵġ
ڷͨ΢Щ֮ˣʮ֮߰˶ѡڤѰҺʵͨ
ǰʱʯ⣬ȻҲ㲻øԣȻҲ߶ַ
һ뵽ʹڤشͷһһٹ׵㣬Ҳϲʹ
һٹ׵㣬һ˵Ҫʮι׵񣬲Ҵδζܳɹܻܳģɼռй׵Ĵˡ
뵽Դ˸˼󣬲ŽٴηŻصڲͨϡ
ͨûԵĻֲΣǰ㣬ֻҪϰ󣬾ͿȻ͹Ĺ֮ͨܡ
ٹ߰ڽףɽһֲˡ
ڽʱڣһ߿ڤǾһһͨ
ԾѾմ뿪סֱȥˡ
ѡڤ֮ǰȻҪͨʵЧСһ򷨾󣬵ʱĻǰװ˷һٹ׵㡣
ҲȷһطѺһЩץĵͽ׹ޣרµʵ鷨ʵսЧõġ
պһ˴һɶʱѾɫˡ
ڻ׵㣬һԹֲͬﶼ˳ѹͨͨȻûκġ
ȻҲûֱӽڤС
ϾڤؿɲʲôƵأͨڵȻڶ࣬Ҵ󶼲̫˵أҲʱᷢرɵ顣
ȻϣΪ︹еĵġ
һһСɽһɶȥ
һյ蹤ͳڹһ쳣ƽͱ·ǰԶһ޴ͭĳɫţ·ֱǶʯһ㡣
ȻŽرգȴʱô
ĿһֱӴ˹ȥ
һ̧֣ץϵһöͭô¡
ôȻһͣ
𣿡
һС󣬴һ߳һ쳣ߴľ޺ĳ˵
˴һͷӲɫ̷һްѹ֮УͨһϢȣԼɼһǽϹֱĴԼͣ
ʦֽģҪһС͵ľһЩרſƹƷĿһպ󣬲Ųæ˵
Сͷʮܹʯһٰʮɫһ´ۣ˵
Դ˼۸ȴƺԤϣ˵ĽһĹƤһժ£ֱӸ˴󺺡
һѽƤӹɨ˼ۺ󣬾͵ͷתأ˳ֽһضϡ
Ҳ⣬Ⱥ⡣
ٵƬ̺󣬴ٴһ󣬴󺺾һƤŵİ
ˣһ£󺺽һţ˫ֱ۵ԭȺ
Ƥһ£¶һ߰߳ɫԱʮö̵ͬĳ
߷ҴʱһЩͭȥǶһ羧ʯĸԶʮöҲֻܱ֤һȫЧġϾЩȫȤڣרŵʦЩͬŵʱҲ˵ġָһһĳ۵İۣ˵
һЧѾ㹻ˡԾʯɲңʦʣģԸ߼չһšһУ΢һº󣬾͵ͷĳ˵
羧ʯҲֻʣһˣԪѾõһ롣ʦҪĻʮʯɡһԥ󣬲˵
Щƽ׵ʯһ㶼ؼûԵĴԪ۶ɵġҲһЩʯ۹УԵɺһЩһγ˺ͨʯͬԾʯ
ЩԾʯһЩطͨʯ˵ӵϡ٣رһЩ֮ڵľʯֵҪϼġ
ЩԾʯʯһ㣬ͬеȽ׻֡
ʹͽ˵ǿ˵ľʯȻָĶǵͽ׾ʯ
һʮ˿ûеĴͳһƤеʮʯĽ˶Է
ͳһСڴ˹
ӿڴһĴָʯ¶ɫ󺺸뿪ˡ
ʱ䣬ȥһ˻УһѧϰƷĵռ˼ž˵пõĲоɷ
ȻرʾЩ϶ЧЩǵۼۣʵڲ̫ϣģֻܱŹһԵͷµġ
֮⣬һչ˺ڹۣѪһЩԹҲ˱õĶٹʮƿٹȵ󣬲ŷסʼ
һ磬һصĵУڿյĴʵʵֶƺڵȺʲôˡ
ٵһ󣬵ִ˽ŲһһŮ˽
ʶ̧һȥ󣬲΢΢һ
һһŮͣĿӢ꣬ȻǺһͬŵ
ԱŮĽС񣬿Ҳм죬Ҳǵһͬһµĵӡ
һѾˣҲ΢΢һĿתȦһ˿ɻɫƺδϳ
Ҳ
ϴκʹһǰˣټʹϴҲȻθߴ䣬Էһʱ޷ϳҲ顣
ûкк˼ԱŮ˵󣬾ͬڸȺ
ʱһĹȥŲһ죬Ȼ˽
ǰһɷȻͷ׷ȴŮ
󴦣һʮľŮ


56 

һŮݺһ¶ϲ֮ɫ˽г⡣
ԭʦܣŮһȴֻǵ˵һ䣬ĿһʱĿȴһ˿֮ɫ
ʦܣʦֵֶǰԣĿ絶ĳһɨȥһ䡣
Ӱݼʦ壡һ⻰һŮһۣЩȻļæһ
ԱߵĽСŮӣҲæͬһ
ɣҺʦֹϵ㲻ǵҲö񡣡ɫ΢΢һ̧öˣĿȻȻҲһ۹
ӤɽӰ״죬ݼʦ壡ȻǺˣҲֻӲͷƤ΢һ
Ӥɽ΢ͷͲϵĴһȥԭزͬȺ
ΪڳԵʣСŮȻ㽻̸ʲô
һʱ䣬þĵġ
һνһյʱ䣬һĳƫžһ߳һʮĺӣһ˶ӥӣĿΪ
ʦãôһеʱһ
ʦ֣СΪβδȥڤأЩҪġ˵ƺͺʮϤӡ
ԭˡʦӦúͽڤۣͽʦĽȻͬ蹱׵رġԣ¶˼֮ɫ
һȻǰʱҲܹ㹻Ĺ׵㣬ӦùҽȥһˡĻص
ʦԸ֧๱׵㻰Ȼûˡԣɫһ
һЦٶ˵ʲô
ʱĿһɨ󣬾˵Ȼ߻ˣùһδˡǶɡ
䣬ͲͽһȡһںĹͷ֣Թһ¸ߴǽ˹ȥ
Ųæ˹ȥ
˼ˣȻҲȥ
ֱһƳŽǰǽڻ˼Σһڹ⼤һûǽвӰ
һ̣ǽһģ󣬺ȻƾոֳһȰם
ӺԥĴ˽ȥ
ȻҲβ߽˹С
ֻǰ׹һѾһС
ҳ˹ȹ⣬ȫǷĺǽڣӡ࿴ƣҶһ˵ζ
м䴦һСɫ󣬱ԵһȦžʯרŰۡ
ӽһնһƾʧˣȡ֮ȴһɫĶ̹
˼ˣ׷ôԼһһϣʼɸԵĹ׵㡣
ӽ׵󣬵һնִȡһſĴָСľʯԵһһϡ
ЩʯǰĽȻͬȻɢŵɫĹâ·һſźɫǳһ㡣
ŮЩʯɫ΢΢һ
Щǿռ侧ʯԾʯ֮⣬ҲǷǳϡеĶȥڤأֺαҪĹ׵㡣ƽǵĻֻҪĿž͹ˣڼҵĻҪķʮˡƺԼͽܵĺ֮ģĽ䡣
⻰ŮͷҲЩȻ
ռ侧ʯȻ˵ˣʵĵһο
ϸЩʯۣ·ҪȫӡԺһ㡣
Ӿ˵ǰ㣬һڷܰʮſռ侧ʯͣתɫһ˵ˣԽ뷨ˡȻǶӦѾ֪ڤصΣ֮һҪеѼ䡣Ǳ֮أΪߵͶֻǱһʱ䣬һʱ䣬ͿܱͬкܴҲΪһԱǱһڣͨǱ߷ص˵ĻֻԸˡ
һ˵⻰͵һ巨һ㡣
һ죬ʼɫĹâ
˼ˣȻҳɵķ׷վ뵽ɫС
һҲУ˵Ӱһľȫʧˡ
һڸϥ£Ųæ˫Ŀһգʼ

һѣκ˫Ŀ
ֻʱȻ˶վһҰУҲһէһǳƵĽɫ
ǽȴһֲ֪ĺɫʯͷɣһһڵʯţгǼ⣬Ȼûˡ
߰ɣһ󣬾ʹŮ߳˷ƿʯŵƮȻȥ
ͽСŮһۺҲͬ˳ȥ
˵תۼ䣬ֻʣһˡ
һ󣬸оԪϡ࣬һ˵Уںһ΢΢Ĳ֮С
ҡҡͷҲ߳ʯš
ʯ⣬ȻһƬʮĶľ͹㳡
㳡ȫͬʵĺɫʯͷɣұԵһߴͭԲȴֱһ쳣ɫĻС
㳡Ĵһŵĺɫʯݣʮӡ
ʯ֮䣬Լʮڵľۼһڽ̸ʲô
Сһһڤ𣡡
ųʱ򣬺Ȼһ
һæһתŷʯŸһɫƤ۵̷ߡ
һɫԲ̣һ߰Ū漸ָʺ춫˽룬ǰȻ˿ûз֡
ղҿѾͷȻҲˣѾͷԴӽʦ󣬿ɻǵһλصѵõĺܰͷҲ̧ļʵǰǡ
ߵͷȻݣ󣬲ҵһʵ
ԽҹϣרŸ˵شͷ󣬽ͻ֮ˡȻصڻ̧ͷ
һݺȻһ򵨴ˣҲ΢΢һ
طƺƽ죬ΨԭӦװĵطȻնһƬֻŶС΢΢ѡ
ݼϣɿתһºǿѹסо⣬ٴһ˵
ڵһμҵЩСһУǵӱȽϴˡڴ棬һ齻㣬ֻҪɺȻкôġĿһ˵
֪Ǻ飬΢°ﲻʲôæԣһԥ
ٺ٣ֻСһ׮жġһ̣ʾڵĹ׼ȷλãֻҪڸһЩҾͽΣϺٺһ˵̳һΡ
ʾλã˻棡һ⻰һ
ݣѵܺ㲻ɡȥأǸһӣȥذɡϷ·Щͷˡ
Ȼֻʮطһ԰ɡЩ֣һ˽룬ֿ˿Էе̺󣬻ǵͷӦ


57 ڤ
һֱʩչڿմָһɶȥ
һɳɫĻʱĿһƬڝĻ֮أҲܲ˿⣬һ쳣ѹֵĸо
һڤǾʱе˿˿֮ڿӿȻΪʣ麣зȴƺ˲һ˿ĸо
̾һ
ڤعȻ˵ǰ㣬鹦ԹʱвСļӳЧȴ޷ķ֮
ҲֻϨ˽Щͷ
һɳ֮δκεĹڿ˹ָӡ
ɽһЩ󣬲Цһ
ǰĳֵӣ˵Ǻ˵һЩСϪȷһЩ
ӲŲˮҲ峺͸쳣ǵĵ֮ɫϻһЩɫɢһֹĸо
һԱߵһɫʯͷϣδβҵʱͻȻۡһ죬һ׺ʹǰˮһֱ
һʶһһʹеһģ趯󣬾ͽݺһ¡
׺һֽк󣬾ֻڵڲˡ
һȥ
Ȼһֻģʮصް㶫Լһһ޶ǰȴë׵Сɫͷڸֻϸצ
˿źϲͣԼɼŷԵʮ׶
ⶫǹˡоһȥ󣬷һЦ
ٴγݺһ飬׼ȷͷϡ
һֽк󣬾ʹһͦĻ˹ȥ
Ŵӻȡһ۵״¨һķŽ¨С
Ŵʯͷ£һ˿СĵӴǰ˼
һΣˮûʲô
üһٴνһǰǳǳһַɿһնء
ֻǰˣȻѾһ㵭ɫ˪
΢һ
ӾȻ溮ޱȡ
һȻ̫ˣԭ룬źȥ
ÿ߹һСξ룬ͻһӺһڶһ߳СֻС
ȻһŵһΣȫս¨Уʱͣץʮ߰㣬¨װˡ
ٳɵһɶȥˡ

ЩҪĹ㣬̹ˡһŵһ¨Ĺ󣬵ϲ˵ɫԲ˹
ȻЩ⣬һӹ̺ȻҲ¨ͬӸ˶Է
ۡһ
ԭĹϾһվ˫Ȼȣһںڷľ޴ӥ㣬һ̧ͽֻ¨ȫסŴһ̵Ľһһץסֱһ̻
ζǰǻζһ߿о׽ͣһ֮ɫ
ԼȻץ̣ȴĿɿڴ
ʦܣҲϵȥץǹȥˡӲԶһʯһ꣬һκ󣬾һЦ˹
ףԭǶʦ֡ʦָղ˵ϵôһ£תһ֮£Щ
˵һۣһ䵶ᣬɷɽĶź
ԴһΣǼ˹ͬ˵ĵһŷпĵӺ󣬺Ǿ˼ι׵ÿκҲʮԲ
һͶźߵȻһЩ
λϣʵǵʦշһͷͽ׹˾ͨһЩԽԼϰΪǳ⣬ûʲô¡ʶ˵꽫ʩڴ󸽽רŸάʹͱڵӻȥһЩ顣Ͼ̫أҲֻйԳʱפġеȴһʮּ򵥵ʽֻҪǵһν˵صĵӣһġλΪϲʳеĹ㣬ʶٽʹΪڣһЩӰץһЩʳáʵ㲻ȥץ㣬ҲҲġź΢Ц˵
ԭˣЩȻˣĿһɨ󣬷һֻӥϹȻһɫϸһֱûʯǽеӡ
ʱĹϣͶźĽ̸޶ãֻһ㣬̻ʲͣš
ˣ΢΢һ
ˣʦܣ¶֪һ˵˵İɡźЦһպüͷһʵ
СεȷǴһжġʦڴˣѵҲץЩģ̹Ȼص
ҿûͨʲôȥץʲôǴһѰҼִ˵еݣûȥдõġźҡҡͷĻص
ʦȻҲˣ֪ںδûоþȣĿһɨ󣬲δϤŮӰ
õϢڴȥһɡʦҲ뿪˵أڤΪգʦҶ˸㽲һЩ飬뿪ҲٵġźĵԵ
ʦ˵ˣСȻˡһ˼Ҳ͵ͷĴӦ
źˣȻһϲĴһʯȥˡ
Ƭ̺󣬵źߵʯź󣬴߳ĹȻλòٸ
ŮһҲ΢΢һ´ۺ󣬾ЩԾʵʦڴ˵أѵѾ׵ͽͨʦӺǰȣҲвٱ仯ġ
ͨӵٶȣھܽͽڣȷʮֳԾȴϴڱ仯ò˺ܿܵġ
ϾҲвٹ󣬶òúǰȻͬġ
ʦҲǲǰһԵŽͻƵͽġҲ㼱ŵһͷܿЩԼʵȻǫѷ˼䡣
úΰ취ͻƵͽڵȻ˵ûУҲԲ̫ġοʱ䣬ҺͶʦҪ԰ʦܹĿ࿴ˡۺȻһЦ˵
ʦ˵ЦˣʦͶʦֿѾǵһεڤˣӦöԴ˵ʮֵϤָСһɫȻ
ȻʦļǾȽ˵ȸһЩɡ֪ʦδǰҲ˵һЩ˵飬ҿԱ֤ڤصʵΣԶ֪ĻҪϡĿõɥڴ˵ıڵӣ֮߰ġԶ洫ŵģżŻеڴ˵ġԣҲһ
Ȼڤصʱ̶ᱣʮʮ˼ӣÿһ˽вСҲزȥġһǱֱɵˣһȴ˴˵ص֮ˡźҲ˵
֣ǰĻЩȻһ΢΢һ


58 Ѱ
ǻƺ͹䡣һڤص֣ϵһСģҲеġеĻ֣֮ʱ˿ûУıܿҲ޿ɱܵġƽ͵˵
ʦӽһ˵֣أһ
νĻƣʵڤһֽСʬĵͽ׹ġֹҲеģһʵûУжٻ·ʬһ㣬Ψһܹ˲ԸǵģǴֹһʬ֮㣬Ҿ綾ޱȡֻʬ̣ܳ׳߽׹һֻҷǳϲȺжһֻʬȺĿﵽǧֻϣ˾ͷ󣬱Ⱥ廯Ϊֲ֮Ķƣ紵£Ϣ飬һһֱȫʧΪֹҲᱻΪơ֣֮Ҳɴ˵һƶĹγɡֹȺÿһʱϲһطһطǨƣһʼжһȻҲ޷еģֹȺй̶Ǩ·ߣֻҪСһЩĻǿǰܿġ˻ơ⣬ڤ֮ػּµΣգʦҲҪģ˵ʦĵطǧҪСһֽн׹ǡһһš
Ȼš
㽲һյ蹤򣬲һյͣ
лʦ棬Сܻ治֪ڤ֮ػΣ֮ҪСһˡ֮һȭлѡ
ʦҲ̫ĵġڤȻΣأֻҪ뿪ʦү˾ݵİ֮⣬ӦûʮְȫġϾ̫ǿͱǰһɨˡʦܼȻǸոѧͨҲܽǿڰ֮ӦûһϣҵʵĿ꣡һβУʦҲԶεģܹԸġﲨ˵
ϣ˰ɡˣʦͶʦּȻͨģʲôطҪСЧ͵ġЦһ󣬷һ䡣
лʦܺˡҶѾ˴ʱˣҪҵĶҲѾЩüĿˣʦܶˡһЦĻص
ȻСҲףλܹɹҲٶൢʱ䣬ȥ̽̽·ˡ˵ͷʹ뿪ˡ
ˣʦǻʯĻȥһݸĵͼһרŽڤضйĵ伮ֶĻʦж㼸ֵġźѵ˵
һϲٴγлһ󣬾ͺͶ˸ǵ뿪ʯݡ
ղЩ߰ʦ֮Ҳǻ˵Ƿ顣źһ߳Ӻת׳ٸһ˵
Ҫ˵ĻЩ鱨Ҳǳβռģ׸˵ġϧǣҲֻǲոյѣҪǷһĻ͸ˡƳһº˵
Ŷѵܿðʦ𣿡źԣ¶һ˿ɫ
ǿðʦ򵥵ģǸֳȥţʦܣΣƺȻ˵
ʲôҪʦܣⲻ̫ܰɡ֪ƺԾеСӺкøУֳܻӦ顣źȴһ
ߣֳǱ߳Сӵδͷͷ˼ΪҲһ룬Ը߳СʣԺ֪жŮͽţ˫ްµģܻȢһûеŵΪޡ˵һ䲻Ļ檵ϣûжٵġС֮ڻ壬һͻᣬϰԻȽϵʦжٻӴŮӡżӴСӣҲʦΪġСǺιˣһ˵
ʲôѵʦӵźɫ䣬һʧ
ſ뽫鵱СľϵԤ¯ˡһʦֶʡȥˣֱ˵
һ˵ȷмִ˿ܵġĻʦܣһ⡣ȻʦҲͽֻԺ׺ڵϣҲ̫󣬶ҵ˵Ű׼Ǳʮٳɴµġ׼˰ʦλͽԺҲ׳٣Ϊһ֧ǿԮˡøǱߣ»˵ġźһ󣬱ʮͬ
ڻСȻصġһȰ˵ģ׼˵׵ȴõ飬ֳֽдµġϾûгΪͽ黹Ҫġƻ˵
Ҳֻˡһ»Ǻһˡź̾Ϣһ˵
ˣҲһҪģҾ¯³һҧ˵
һΣźǰһסƵһ⣬û˵ʲô
̾һ῿ڶźϣͬ
˼һʱþģһ˵ոֶ

һƤϵĴֲڵͼʮɸ߿ǰš
ʱѾ뿪㳡ʮˣС´ͣš
Ȼ˵֮ڲ̫ΣգӣȻֵĵˡ
һ·ϳ˼ͷĽ߰ĵͽ׹⣬ȴûзʲô
ΣҲ֡
Ͼǧ˵Ҳ֪ﲻ֪ɨ˶ٱ飬Ҫһֻʵͨһˡ
һɳʮ󣬲һƬɫͰǰͣ
ƬȻ󣬵ȴһֵͽͨ˫ţϲԵʳȻ类˲֪쿴ٴˣҲ£żջġ
ƷɿƬɫϿȦһ˿ʧ֮ɫ뿪ˡ
һĿ꣬ʮһ̶һֵͽ׹ʬֵط
һʱ֮ɫ뿪˱Ƶĺɫˮ̶طƶȥ
㣬ڣյͼϱʶһһ׳ͨĸص㣬ȫһ
һ죬վһͰϿգŸһյĳѨʱüͷˡ
û뵽һͷЩĵͽ׹ңܲȥҹͨҰ޶綫Լͨɡ
ѾǵͼϱעﷶΧһܳͨĵصˣ뻹밴յͼѰȥˣֻȥԶЩطпˡ
ţһƵĽͼóĿɨһ顣
˿ƤͼݵԽ򣬱עԽϸԽԶطעԽֲڣһǧ֮ķΧҲǿտһƬˡ
ֻðЩˣһεһٹ׵Ҫװ˷ˡͼһպһ䡣
ܲʧ
ٴ㹱׵һҲܱ֤϶ջġ


59 ɳĮ
мƶ󣬵ͼһգԶƷȥˡ
һƬɫУһվһʮɾ£˫Ŀ΢еֻ·Ӱë
ֻһСֻСֻгߣëǳ֮ɫһֻĳ߸ߣī֮ɫͷϻһֻ̺Ķ̽ǣʱĿŵͺ
ڤصһֵͽ׹Ǻ
ĸǺжѸݣСҿ¸ֻҪԼӵ伶ʵһֲͨѡ
һͶֱ߰ЩĸǺһȥ
ֽкֻСЩĸǺԾıߣΨֻȴ׹һ֣һıܹ󣬾ֱһţΪһӰĴֱ˶¡
ʮָںڷδ˵ǰоһɸϢһ
ȴܣзɿдʣһ֣һųһļɳ
Ϣ˲佫Ϣһɨգ÷µĸǺЩǳ£һֽк߳βȻһڶһŲıܿ˻
ʱȴϢһأһ˸ʵʵ
顱һ
ͷǺ޷£ݺǰΪսʴƤëðһɹɵ̣ʹ͵ĹֽС
˵һ̧㣬ͷ­һ㡣
䡱һ
Ǻһɾһѹ£ͷ­ˣһĵ˹ȥ
һŸǺһץһ󣬿ʼʩ
ʱһŻ¸ֶһߺ󣬾ͷɳ֣Զһɶˡ
СʱɫԶһУϸǺһס
ڱһʯ·ΪأҲɴС
֮ʱͿտҲҲ֪Ǻִ͹￪٣õġ
ԴһǰǼֻǺ󣬾ڸѰһ֮ڽ춯ֵġ
˿ϸǺȷڻк󣬾ʹȡһɫ«һζһһЩɫĩ
ֻź«ΧŸǺһ󣬾ڸһɫԲȦŴ߽ȦУϥ£˫ĿһյĿʼĵϢ
Ƭ̣ٴ˫Ŀһʱֿʼɿ
һƺһðԽԽӡ
ͬʱպ¶ⲱֱ۵ȵطʼֳһЩɫƣܿӵȫÿһط
ۡһ
ֱһһֽǺᵽ˽ǰһȴָһֵİϡ
дϺҲһ»Ϊ״ĿϵĻɫĸ΢΢Упӿû뵽Ǻͷ­вӰ
ԭĲĸǺʱһ¾ѣ˫ĿͨĿʼͣ
ȴ·ֹһ㣬˹ץסţϻɫӿٶҲԽԽ졣
Ƭ̺󣬸ǺͿĭһ±ޱ
Ŀô˾һϲӼ
һ̣Ǻͷ­Ȼڽ͹һͺ󣬾һıѶ
һƬɫҺ嵱˷
һϺȻһʢ󣬶ʱ߶ȫһ
ȻһźӸǺͷʬһܶһת󣬾򶴿ڴһӷȥ
ɺһӴǵɫĩԲȦȴһʲôϱڰһأ˺ͷ·Ӭĵײʼ޷뿪ԲȦһ
ۡһ
һų˲佫ûڹУ仯ΪС
ȴиǺʬһӺɫĳˡ
Ѿǵʧˡû뵽뽵ͽ׹ҲѣʵЩΪ֪˲Զٴˣ˿ûеģʶһͨ׽ġڤصĹȴʮ㣬Խġૼʧ֮ɫ
Ҳѹ֣
Ѿð뿪ݵ֮ңˣǰǰǺڣĿĵͽ׹Ҳֻֻѣڽʱȫһʧˡ
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ֻνĳգȻһֻֻĴָСĺɫַ䣬ޱȣβȴһɭɭľ޴Ǵ̣һֲĸо

վһƬһ޼ʵĺɫɳ䣬ܺںɳЦˡ
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һ˼󣬻ǾòŰԭ·أһҴɳĮǷкʵĹ˵
ڴ֮ǰȴҪȻظԭȼƿ;ķ˵
ǣһЩɳ·һܷ紦ٽǸɫ«óһЩɫĩĻһԲȦԼϥС
һ󣬵˫ĿһڷҲͻָ߰˰ˡ
ûٳʲôٴٻƵڿշ󣬾һĽУȻһ󣬾ͻǰȥˡ
ĵطһͷǰ׹ǣֻм鸯մϵιɳĮлš
ȻɳȻһֻ֣ھһļסֻСȣȻһ󣬾ͽι˲һڵĴС
ɳһ֮ιʧӰˡ


60 ׹Ы
ɳʮɵĸ߶СķţʱʱĿŵ̡
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ƸתһȦ󣬻Ǽԭǰֻж䣬С˼֡
պɳʮ⣬ǣһʼͷʬзк⣬ûзĹ
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˹һηغҲ޷


61 
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֮ȻһֻĳֶڷɿΪһɹҲɽȥ
ͬһʱ䣬ʮָ΢΢һӰ׹ЫǱҲͬĲ֪
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ʱԭҲİ׹ЫͻȻһĹۿѾ޵ͻһ´ʢͬʱӴ䱳Ҳһīɫһ󣬾ûһֻģģīɫͷ
ͷһֻ֣һſڣʱһ·ӿƴЫڹעȥ
һԿΣһһ̾͸еӰ׹Ыڴһֱɿû֮С
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׹ЫٶҲԽԽ죬˷ӿͬԽԽ࣬ڸγһ޴ǳɫ
ܸܵд˿˿̹Ǳȴ޼ƿʩ
ʱһȥٹСʱڸȻһֹֹͣɡ


62 ط
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ȴ˲ô£ٴаĿдʣæͨ׹Ы


63 Σջ
׹ЫȻϻ˺ɣǳɵĹͨʶҵԼʶ
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Щ˲߶ڤǾƴڸشҲҪɺȫǿƿ֮С
ڤǾһǿжʱ򣬲˼ˡ
һ溮ȻһΪһֻΪ˾һȴ׷еû֮УʹʧӰ١
һ£ֻҪֹΪȻҲ˲ˣֻһתͼƴ߶ڤǾ
һĻˡ
һ麣вͣӿ溮һڤǾ߶֮£溮׷׻Ϊ֮С
֮䣬һʱγһʱƽ⡣
תĹ壬ֹͣ
һյ蹤麣΢΢һӿ溮һ¸Ȼֹˡ
һִ£ϲ֮ӿڤǾֹ
֪˶ú󣬵һ˿ҲڤǾڵҲͬʱָ
һͣٴһ±ñ˫ֺ󣬳һлǺ²ѡ
ղ΢һ£¾ҪΪһԱˡ
ڤǾܹ֮ʴʵгԾ顣
˵Ļ˵ԺʹڤسʱУҲģԣ˵Ļڤصʱ򣬴߶ڤǾʱΪδִεġɼڵɾͨǴһġ
ϾǴӰ׹ЫǱߴ͹ȻپɣּԾɶأѸı˲١
ҡҡͷ˼š
ҸղһһͷʵǾ֣ڴ˵һЩãҲȥһµġ
һ뵽׹Ыת׿˹ȥ΢΢һ
ֻʱĹЫһŹûˡ
Ũ񼸽ʵ̶ȣʹ޷ĹЫʲô
üͷһ󣬵˸ղŷǹ
ͷЫȻҲ뵽ؿռ䣬ѵҲд˵ĻȻֻкôûлġ
һɣһԾȴ
һȣһٷʱ֮á
һʹ˵һɢ󣬹Ыβֶ
ϸһ󣬲һ˿Ȼˡ
ֻʱİ׹Ы˫ĿβںڷһЩ˺ȫҲʧҲǰ˰ֻ֮࣬ǸȻڣͬʱɫƺЩ΢΢Ұƺİɭɭģ
ˣȻв죬ʩͨһ¹Ыʶһϲ
ԭʱĹЫȻûȫʢʱʵҲָ߰˳ңֻҪٽ󣬾ͿҲӵڿշе
Ū׹ЫʶдҪĶʱȴһ
Ϊ̫أȻҪһЩͷе޸
һĻͲڷˣռһЩͷܷĴŰ׹Ыš
һֻˡ
ǰȻķѲʱ䣬а֮ãҵֻͽ׹Ӧû̫ѵġ
мƶ󣬷Ը׹ЫڸһԼôʱ䣬ʼϸԼ
麣ǸݹȻٴβӰǰӾһЩȴûе̫࣬ȻΪЩҲתٷԵʡ
ʶһɨڸʱɫ΢΢һ䡣
ֻڸȻǰӽ׼֣Լһ㾧ѣԱǰʵ˼ӡ
ǡ
ʶ΢Ӵһ˿˿ı֮⣬תڤǾʱָеһ˿Ͳ֮
һطҲκβ׺Ҳͳ׷ˡ
ʶһأʼ˼Ǹݵ⡣
̫ˣԻڣ˵ʲôʱ򻹻ᱬƺһαһɷࡣ
һΣҪڤأйЫͷﲻ֪ú츳֪ʲô³
´αʱ˶ʱ·һ
ȻݵĿԾԼܹϿһεĽؿռҲȻĶѡ
һ뵽ͷʹ
ڴǰαݼƺҲһαһʱ䳤߱ĳģʱ̫Ĵ¡
з˼˺þãһʱҲ벻ʲôİ취ֻȽ·Ժ׼ȷź˼һ
ҪģѰһЩ
ǣƽһһվһ
һƵ۶һ֮ߡ
ųЫһ֡
ۡһ
Ǽӵһڶ˻֮ϡ
һ߷ƵԶƿնˡ

󣬺ɫɳĮԵһͷţĹһ㱡棬ںɳƴţʮֵҫۣ治Զһ͹ɳȴɿƶ׷𲻷š
תۼ֮ܳԶ
ಡһ
ɳͻȻһ߼˲䶴ǰȻһȻһϸڵЫβ
һҽС
ǰﵱˤһ㳯죬ʱɳѶһŰӰмһ˵ѹ˹ϡ
ֻһֻһ£ͽʬء


64 ʬ
Ӱһʹӹһ
׹Ы
ۡһ
һŵɫһ£˲佫ʬȫڻ֮С
ʮɸ߿еĻϣһһƤһޱĿ·һС
ղŷ򣬺Ȼǿ˴ܣʶ·һɳϻ¼ؾӨĺǡ
׹Ыһһ·˶ץסһǵĴڿҧ
Ż£аһȫӽС
˿̰УܹŲʮǵӡ
ЩǼۣ̾һ
һ߳׹ЫԷΧɳĮȷвٵͽ׹Ѿɱĵͷˡ֮Բŵõôһ㺡ǣȻΪֲйͷ԰׹ЫãЩرͣƺ̺һĹͷ
ֹͷһֻͽ׹Ҳĸѡ
һĽп಻ˡ
ǰٶѼ֮ǵĻʣʱ»治õģЩż
һȰ׹Ык󣬵һҪٴڿնȥѰ
ʱȻԶƿһ죬һһ߷
һæ˫Ŀһȥ
ǰ߻ԼվһӰȴȷ󣬲ʱĴĵͺ
ǰٶûкƿ죬ÿƿҪ׷ǰĿʱӰһĿâƱƵĲòܿƺԳâʮּɵӡ
һ׷һ£תۼ͵˺ɫɳĮϿմ
ף
˫ĿһкڿǰϵӰݣȻŮһ
Ů׷ǱӣԺҲкʵҲ˵ֻͽڵӲܿһġ
һԥһʱҲ֪Ƿòִ¡
ʱȻ䷢
һζǰâ󣬺ȻҲһĺɫìһ֮£Ǹ°ĵ˻ƺԶ
ƺԴԤһȻһ䣬һƳԶÿԱܿì
ʱͻȻһͺ𣬹ìһģ󣬾һΪһìӰ
Ӱһ󣬾ò˼ٶȴͷ
һƺߺ󣬴ŮͷʱһѪƺɥʧ˶Էƣ»һɢ𣬾ʹֱֱ׹¡
ΣҲ˲öʲôһһز߰ɵŮһУһӲԼǰ
㣡
Ůɫ԰쳣һǰ󣬲ͺһ
ȷ£ʦ㣬û°ɡЦһ˵
û£ֻǸղŷһʱʧأˡŮϲܿʧϴȡһöɫͷѪֻһġ
ۡһһů⸡ֶѪеѪֹ󵱼ܱͣĿʼ
ʱһɷĴźƷһ֮Ȼ߼¡
ʦܣȡһʱ䡣ͷʬĹìжұһȫɾٶֵġŮĿһ˵һ˿֮ɫ
ʬʬֱתɵǹã֪ˡһüһĵͷ
ͷͬΪİ׹ЫߣͬĺҲû̫⡣
ʱ׹ЫǱɳ֮УŮæ֮¶δָһͷġ
Ы޷УȻҪúй²ӦԵġ
ʶԼµĺƣ˵ǰһģһ浭ɫܵǰ˿û˼
йȻʲô·ľٶȣಡಡһɫì¡
Ŀ꣬ȻɵŮǰ
Σ˫Ŀһк󣬿һһһŻìȥ
ۡһ
ֱӴӹìȻֻһӰѡ
һֻ̣ǰһһɫì˿ûеڽǰֶһĺݺ¡
ɫһ䣬ĵֳǰһ㣬˶ȻһǵĻסȫ
䡱һ
ìΪƬĽ䣬ով޴󻯵ĹҲѶͬʱһɾһӿ
һ죬βɵ˰벽ϾվΡ
һĻƺúйЩ⣬һͺ󣬾ͣ˼ǰһʮһɫɳϡ
ʱһɢ¶ݡ
Ȼһɸߵľ޴ιǼܣֻ˸ֳ̲һĺɫǴ̣ͬʱָһìۿѪɫѣһַ·˼Ĺо
Ҳһμʬιͬ´ѡ
һ̣ʬͻȻһ˹ÿһںɳһӡɼʮֳء
ˣĿ΢бƳһۡ
ֻŮͷѪ˿ֻԭ֮һСˣҪΪȡЩʱ䡣
ţ˵ĿһһŻһǰһĳʬȥ
䡱䡱
ʬֻϰ΢΢һζ׾ٵŻɳϵıѶ
ʱ˹Ȼ׷һƿĵͺһͱƵһ
ٶ֮죬ֻģͳ˶ʮ֮ڡ
ҲԷֱٶһ£ٷɿдʣһͻΪһ߰ĳԷһɶȥһһһֱߵļ
ͬʱȴֻһһµ˹ʬǰ
ȻҲû뵽ЩйȻ֮죬ĿѪһֻɫìæǰȻһ
顱顱ǰбìһĶɣȴһĻᣬʵʵն˹ʬϡ
һ졣
߹ǵɫһնأҲʹ˺ľһ
ʬıһ¸ȻֹƺЩԾĵ׿Լһۡ
˿ŷɵǰһ̵һϡ
Ȼһ𣬹ʬɫìһĶɳϡ
Ŵ˹̧׿һۺһɿì֫ȻһһΪһž޴ޱȵĹ򣬱鲼쳣ĹǴ̣Ȼһ󣬾ͻΪһɿı
֮ɳ׷Ľ𣬳ƾ֮
ɫһ䣬һһʱһſųнһӽٹȫһһ׷ԶıѶ
޴˿ͣûеģתۼͳ嵽Զĵط


65 
һЩǴģâҲʱһݣһָ両ֶһȴһҧһɫͷֶ
δй󴦣ȴಡһһâһļû˹֮ϡ
䡱һ졣
âѶһ»ΪĽûС
֮һ¸Ȼֹһʹ֮ĵͺΧһһģĻָ״̬
ʬ˺ۣȻղһ˲СĿͷ
ʱĹ˫ĿѪݺݵĿߣȴƺʲô˼ɣ˽뾹û˹
Ŀ΢΢һɿת׿һۡ
ֳֻһɫʬڣһʸһƴģͷǸѪ˿Ѿˣֻʣһˡ
ʦܱģͷʬǺܸߣҷǳƻһ㺷ͬġҶֵĻɺһġŮһ׷Ŀüһѵ
һĹʦѵ㽵𣿡Ȼ·Żعʬϣȴмֵʵ
ǵιȻеĹǴͬģ⿿ͨ޷ģʵԶԶǣʱշҲܿպܷɵġвʦ嶼ģҵȾ͸ˡһ⻰Ļص
ԭˣǾֻܽײˡ⻰дпϧ̾һ˵
ˣȻŮһƵģ⻰Ҳ΢΢һ
ʬƺҲĻһ˻ʱĿѪһʢıŭһʹԼϰɫǴ̣һκ󣬾ͻΪĹìŴһٳ˹
Ůͫһһɣϳâʱ
䡱һ
ڹУʬԭѾ嵽ǰӴֱӲԶ
˹ƺҲױԣȻٴڶ˺ۣ˵ĽìݺһͶԼһצķ˶
ಡಡһöɫ˲伤վ˼ĹìǷ΢΢һƫһ
ɫһһģ󣬳кȻһâһɶ
ͬһ죬һΣʬֻ΢΢һȻͶűĴӹһ
ĿһͿ˹ʬǰ֪ʱһ鲻֪ľ޴Ƭһץŷ·ưĳ˹ֻǼ󲽣Ѿ嵽ǰˣһһ
ʦܣˡΣɫһеͺ˵ͬʱһгһʧȴһöɫ׼̼
һǣղŻδţվԭزܣֱһ̧ҧϸֵĻͷһſڣһããͳʬͷ­һȥ
ʬֻͷ­һƫͶ˻ҧѪȻһֻ־ͺݺݵĳһ
Դ˹Ǵ̵ӣʦڱһסҲһغġ
Ůһ£ɫˣȡʲôȴʩȴˡ
ۡۡ
ʬɳͻȻɳֻɫһģ󣬾ͼס׹ɭɭȻûнһΣҲùʬһ¸Ȼֹһĵˤڵء
˹£һּæǰһɫǴ̣һģľͳһֻɫһ¡
ʱ֡ۡһ
һߴҲɳмһ󣬾㶴ʬץŹìֱۣһ󣬹ìһ£ͬʱһɷī֭ɫѸٴֱ϶һ
ߺȻһβ
ʬʹ֮£ʱеһ֮дֱӿĻ֮£ʣһֱֻ趯ͣǸβץ¡
˹β쳣ʮָȻҲһЩ׺۶ѡ
ڴʱȸдʣһϣٻһֺһɳľͷжʱһֶ
ȥ
һͺȣֻֻһͷоͻΪһĴӹʬһš
顱һ
ʬԭζʱϰ벿ֻ΢΢һκ󣬾ʹΪصĵ¡
һ¶һ˿Ц
ʱ䡱һ
ʬϰ徹һ±ѶʮɫǴ̣ʱΪâĳ߼
˽룬ȻҲκηˣʱһֱֻܽ۷ɿǰһ
ʱһ죬һİɫĻȻǰֶ
Щâһ棬ʱʰȻķ׷׵һء
΢΢һŻ׿ȥ
ֻȻּһɢɫεɫе͵дš
ŮһһͣһЦ˵ЩʬΪ׺һĻԱйھġʦܶԴ˻̫˽ġ
ллʦСܻ治֪µġһſЦһ˵
Ҳʦ˵ģҲ֪ġʦʵԶԤϣȻһ֮ͽͷնɱˡˣֻ׹Ыʦշ𣿡һն˵Ŀһɹʬкİ׹Ыϡ
СʵʲôҪʦһҪͷͬھˡͷ׹ЫȷСܽ½ġʦͷʬģûͱʦһ𣿡
ʦһ飬ʱҺͷֿˡͷʬҲ׷Ҳŵġˣͷʬһڵƣͷʬ˵Ǳ˵ǰʬɵġ˵󣬾ֽ̧һ˹
һѽסϸۺ󣬹Ȼڵƣ̾һӻظŮ˵ڤιＫ٣ˡڴˣҲ³ɡȷΣ֮Сʱ׼ʹ˷ؾݵˣʦкδġһۣʬɢһĲкƽʵ
һ飬ҪյģͲʦһͬˡˣһζʦȣһȨл֮ˡŮ˵Ŀһ󣬺ȻһɫƤһץ£һӹ
⡭һĽƤץס̸еָӴһ֮һʧڡ
˴󣬰ʦܵͷ׹ЫͿԳЯõ㣬ʵ˻ˡŮ΢΢һЦ˵
ǽĶһֻҲҪʯδ̫һЩСܿ³ܲġԣһ仯ǿЦһ˵
ٹأҪ˵һһֻõģҿʦҲ֮ˣα˵Ļȴ˵ִһΪµƤһΡ


66 ֮
ȻСܾͲˡŮһ˵һ˼Ҳ治˵
ˣ¶һ˿Цݣٺ̸˼󣬾˵˸ǵ
Ƭ̺Ůڿն𣬳Զһɶˡ
һֱŮӰʧˣŵ׿˿е¶һ˿صɫ
ŮȻܽ˹ض͸뱨֮Ǵ󷽵š
ϾȶȻȲЩпҲֻЩʦһֻģһͽܹӵеʵûмˡ
Ȼľóֻ֮࣬ϵǰ򵥡һ֮ȻϡУʹ͸һѾˣĻҲǲܵ顣
һԼ֮ԼƺǷԷһСˡҲ֪ŮˣĶΪġ
ţһ֮ϻ¶һ˿Ц
ǽӽıȻӵв˼Ч
֮һͿӹСԽСװмЯ
һЧֻҪ߶ӡõһ󣬾ͿһδȡУﲻΪȱӶʵˡ
ЧȣȻһЧӵѵá
ϾһЧһֽСķͬȡЯġ
ЩʹĵӣҲ󶼻ṺôַװЩ
ֹûȡܣҴ󶼾һʹʱ䣬ҰɹСͬ۸Ҳرġ
ԼҲץ󣬻ȥͻһʯٹһֻģȻˡ
ţּһͺȻһţһٳһ
һɫɳһŵûƤвӰ
һ̣Ƥ渡ֳһɫƣһͬʱһӴп
һȫƤпӿȥ
ͬʱ죬һƺֶԽԽ࣬·Բڳ˵ӿ
΢΢һЦʹ˺˼ƾֻȡ
ʱ׹ЫһʬֹǺ󣬾СĽһȫǰ͵ߴ˸߸һ
һŻ潫ѺǰУƬ̺󲿷ֹͷΪ˻ҽֻʮӨͷԭ
һϲʬΪùǾȻ֮ࡣһĻ׹Ы޸֮Ǵˡ
Щͷȫһն󣬾ԭϥµıĿ
պ󣬵Ƥһ󣬱渡ֵɫʹһʧֵĺɫҲ֮׷׵ɢʧ
ˣһץƤƾС
ֵһ࣬ûʲô仯ֻƤɫƺ˼֡
Ҳʲôһͨ׹ЫһƤĳһΡ
ۡһ
һƬϼӴзɳ˲佫׹ЫһС
֮ЫεһתķɿСձϼһƤС
ٹͨ˹һ£ֲκβ׺ҲͷĽƤһţһڿնھݵڷȥˡ
ͬһʱ䣬ĳصƷȥһһϲķһ䣬·ĳƬһȥ
һ󣬴ŮͳһУǰһɫ԰׵޸ˣȻλʦ塣
ʱһһЩ˵û£̫ˡʦͷסʵûа취ҿû£ûбͷʬ׷ϡ
ʦȷͷʬ׷ˣҪǱȣҪزˡŮȴЦһ˵
ʲô顣֪ǱȣʦһҪлġһ
ʦõģͽѾлˡˣʦûе֣ɴӹϵõǶˡʮֺ˵һתʵ
ûСͷѾвҵĹʵӻм֣Ȼǰ֮óĻӵˡѾˣһʱˡԣȻһ˵
ʦͷߣһβʹϳ˰ɡŮȴһüʵ
İɣ˹Ҫȡɷ֮ʵӵйɷĵطѰҵġ򲻵ˣ뿪ġٺ٣˭֪ʦɨڵȻ³ҪΪʦʮʱѯֵ伮һƣ񻹺һ㣬һֱʦүڹеġٺһ˵
ʦүȷǻ۹ˣͽҲǽҲܲ³ġһ⻰ЦһĻص

߰պһֻƤĳھݵĹ㳡ϣʯȥ
Щǣһ߽ʯ֮ȻѾһһŮ˵ǺһͬԼСŮͬ顣
ߺȻһֻĺӰ伶ҹιߴȴƺСֻ࣬гߵӣͬʱβͲǺɫǻĳֻ֮ɫһʮֹĸо
ͬûпֶ飬СŮϵ߿տҲ֪ûץֶͨ飬Ѿս˹֮С
뵽˴ŮһҰɫƤ
ŮȻҲϳЦһЦ
ʱԱߵһ΢΢һĿŵƤɨһۺ󣬾һƲĸûк˼
ȻҲ˵ʲôȴЩɻΪֻǴûдͶء
ʱʯŲһ죬ϲŲæ˽Ŀһɨ˺󣬵¸һ˵ãˡһҲǿһΣ̫˷ѿռʯˡ
һ˵⻰ϵߵߣԹԵĿʼװɫʯ
ԣмֻȻ
Ƭ̺󣬹Ͼͽöռʯװãʾ⼸˿Խ뷨
˼ˣȻȫС
ϵһ崫һ㣬һС
һ̣һ죬ӰʹʧӰ١
ŲŲæĳʯȥ
Ƭ̺ȻִٽŲͬʱһ˳ϣϼҪš
Űɣ

һѣκܰ׹һͳ˵ʱǸ֮С
·һֹͣʱ򣬶ǽо͹âһĸֳһͬʱһͷЩҪȥڤء
һͬһ⻰æ˳ȥ
üͷһȻҲ˳ȥ
ʱڻصԼסһ߽СԺ̾Ϳһ⿴ͨźȵĲǰŷ֮С


67 ¶
΢΢һҪ֪ʲôҪ¸֪ȻɵԴԹﾹȻź֣ʵ̫ˡ
ѵǡ
кȻһͷüͷһǰźһһɨ󣬷ֲ쳣Ҳͽֽһֻۺɫ΢΢һ
Ȼˣ˵ȥͻԶ߸߷ɵѵ׼Ǳ߳ʲô⣡ɿһתһ꣬ʱһŻƾӿź˲仯Ϊ˻ҽ
ڿһֱɽһɶȥ
һСɽԵһƬȺһ£һ¥Уڴ˵صȺʮյľʶ
һһӣǰ׼ҵĹ͹ϴˡ
һһæվйϴЩɵʵ
һûλͲϵˡȴ΢΢һЦ˹ȥһȥ
ԭ̫ˡģúǰһҲһġϴΣϾ֮ɫʧæǰһĹ˵
һԵĹҲæǰ񣬵Ǹӵɫ
˽͵ʱ򣬿û뵽ǰͨʽΪһͽ
ٴ߼Ȼһ´ͬˡ
òı䣬ΪԵʡᵽˣĪǰ׼Ǳ߳ʲô飿Խ󣬲ŲŲæ˵
ԭˣԴ֪ɹΪͽ׼ҶϯףҹС㲻ǰΪϻһˡ⣬Ҷ֮Եˣط˼һױšϴ˵ţʹȡһⱻõź˫ֵϵ˵
С㣡Ŷ˵Ҵ̶ɣɣȸҳһطٽ̸ԺĿ΢΢һɨ󣬲ûϲź˵˵
ϴ͹Ȼǡ
Ŷ߳¥󣬵һһŻǰһһк󣬾һڿĳԶһƫƧСɽͷһɶȥˡ
һյ蹤ɫ׵Ĺϴ˽ڹͺͺɽͷ
˫㷽һأȲһˤڵϡ
Ŀ⣬ŵŵη֮ˡ
ˣһţӦò̸ˡڿ˵˵ôһ˰ɡûǴĻǵ˵һص׼ңԶỹ׼ҼŹġһźʮִݵʵ
ֵܾҶ鱻С㷢ˣѾС˽ƣѾһˡ
ǰ⣬С㻹Ǹֵһ˵һ׵ġ
һ̣ϴ˾ͨ͡һֱӹһѱһ˵
ʲô֪ˣǽа̶ŮҲ֪Ҷ״ˡô£ϸҽȻһȣ⻰Ҳɫ΢΢һ䡣
ǣҶԴӷذ׼Һ󣬾һ֮׼ҡֵܽͽϢ󣬼Ҷ˵Ǹ࣬ǰץסһ͵˽ҩúıһʹżС뿪ʱȴպ÷ҵ̶СײˡСҲͽ֪ʩչʲôҶһ㱺󣬾Ͳ֪Ľһȫ˵˳̶С󣬲֪ΪβûдǣֻǶҶ˽ƣ뿪ˡ˼죬ǸֵŹˣСǽⶫһڹ飬ҲǴС㲻֪úֶβģҶ˵ġϴɿĽţӻͳһö״˹
üͷһж󣬾ֽ̧˹ϸһ󣬾ͷӡһϸƣΪ򵥵ӡ
ʱȻǲʱǰһϲͨˣһ󣬾ͺȻһһȥ
׹һ
΢΢һдһɳڿһ󣬺ȻзɳһĨɫϼһ֮󣬻ΪһߵŮӹӰ
ŮӰʮģֻԼƺΪòһֺ󣬾Ϳ˵ѰɡСð̶ڰ״ҷϵĽ㡣ԭֵ֪Сþ͸ǰݷһģϧǡҪٻҲֻöѶȺ͵˵һˡˣС÷΢ڷд̫ණͳ˵ˡ״һȻһ׵ĽٵСУȻԵǳҲԹˡǵܳΪͽõȴǰ׼һѴԴȡһǲǸø׼һġСֻҪ¸߹ڣѵһƭܲİɡĻǰ׼ҲûκκôСһСС顭
̶Ӱţվԭޱţ˿ʲô
˶˫кô飬ӦòܾġҸ׸źУǸһЩֻҪѿϴӦͲˣֻҪԼǰ״ˡ⣬ش󣬹˵пԭ׼Ҳˣ͸ΪͰɡϵĽƣֻǶһЩССѣʵδʲôֽšȻ־鷳ʹ·ĻСҲκġˣ˵Ķ˵ˣûκλظҲ͵ĬϴˡȻ׼ûһϵӣܶһͽҲøһˡ
ŮӹӰ󷢳һЦ֮һɢ
ڿе򣬸һ»Ϊȼ̼仯Ϊ˷ɻҡ
˲°ͣ¶ı
ֵܡӣҶԸΪӴ˶ԹĹ޶ġ
ԺʲôҪǲĪǣľȥɡ
ϴ̶˵ϲû½ʱһϲһǡ·󣬶ʱŵûɢһۣ˵ٴιڵأæָ췢ĵ˵
ȻӰ̶֮ԣ˳ȡ
λɣĳԵ޹ȡô˵ҪǣҲ޷ȻԵΪͽġΪһҲܾ뿪ġˣüͷһ˵
ֻҪܷģʲôֶξʩչɡҶ˾ԹԵģϴⷬ붼æ˵
ԱߵĹԣҲĵͷѡ
ȻĳͲЩСֶˡ⻰˵ͷָһת󣬺Ȼһöϸ룬һģͻΪһƬâĳһȥ
ϴ͹ȻҶܣֻϼͬʱһ飬ͱ벻֪˶¡
ֱһʹ˵ʧ¶һ˿Цݵ˵
ˣ֮Ǳ֮ãڴڼ䣬ȥһЩطһЩ顣ֻҪĺãԻǽһǰѼ˴Ӱ׼ǱҪȻҪȥʲôطҲֺġ


68 Ԫ
֪Ӵҵʲô飡ϴŴ˻һϲСĵʵ
ģҲȥʲô顣ֻȥ缸طһЩͬʹСͬʱҴѼһϢ鱨ѡЩ飬нʿ˵Ӧòʲô°ɡЦЦ˵
ӷģҲҶ˰ﲻʲôæСµĻûġϴһɣظĻص
ãɽסһҽҪúԻġʱǰ˵ȥˡķԸ
һΣϴ󡢹ȻĴӦ
ʱ䣬һٴ۳ƵĽͻ˸¥ȻӤɽһɶȥˡ
ûжúٴλصԼסƿŵһºŽ׼ҼźһöֽһĿ
Ҽ״֣ʮ֮Ҫ׼׼ҲṩһԴҲǲͰ̶˵ĵǲࡣᵽĺҽôһ£ȻҺ鶩飬˵ЦɣѾͷ͸߳Ļȣῴһӡ˵СѾͷ˵ɣλ״Сʼδ飬߶Щ飬Ǻġ׼ҼźȻЦ˵һ󣬾ͽźΪ˻ҽ
ȻҲûи׼һʲôŵĴ㡣
ڶһ磬뿪סȥ˹شһˡ
ٴδƫƧСʱ飬Ͷ˳ɽ·ɽš
ûֱӻصסٴϵĻشá
һΣһ߽ľƸ¥ʱһȻֻһˣȻŮһͨŮӡ
Ůһ󣬾Ͱȥˡ
Ҳûľ˶㣬ϴûнɢҩ᷿ȥ
һߵ᷿ڰɫǰʱŲһ٣̴һº͵ŮȻﻹԥʲôСһɡ
лʦ壬ðˡһ⻰һ䣬˽ȥ
ȥĿһɨȴһ
һҩ¯ԵϣȻǰɫŮӡ
ǰô㲻ڡһ𵱳Էߵ飬Щˡ
ǺǣǼҽˡģǲͬһˣֻͬöѣԴŶһģġŮһήӣȴЦʮֺƵĽ䡣
ԭˣϴˡһȷһŮȫͬҲһ
Сһҿӿɲ̫Ǹ˻вӣŮ¿ۺʵ
մڤػǱһЩС⣬ܵʮֲʣǺԼʱȴûзκεĲסǰһ壬ʲô쳣֮𣿡Ļص
Ŷ岻ʣΧɾ̫ˡҪ볹һμĻҿɵԶһ̽鷨󣬵ǻѿɲСġŮ˿⣬ʮƽ˵
Ҫʯԥʵ
һ١
Ůǰºͣ˵ȴһ
ʦ壬̽鷨Чô˴֣һ˿
İɣֻҪ˷϶ܼģЩ˶ʯʵһʯҲǿ˷ĶѡŮӲĻص
һΰɡһ󣬻һҧĴӦ
ܺáɡŮ˻Щ⣬һۺ󣬾վһȥ
ʱŷ֣ǱߵĵذϣȻӡһߴСĵɫ
ŮӴȡѩ׾ʯӵļȥʾȥ
⽫һժ£˷󣬲߽ȥ¡
Ůӵһתжһͬɫķֳһ
󵱼죬һƬϼһȫС
ŮʼдʣһָͣзָʲôʱЩĴӿֶ˿ۻ֮
ǳѪ㣬ãʷǳܣͨ˵һϡף㾫ˣŮֻ˷Ƭ̣¶һ˿ɫ
ȷǾġȻѾԷˣȻٷʲôˡ
Сһ㻹Ī֮ˣ֪ᴿֺʱģҪǶԼʮ㣬ں˷ѵʱ䣬Ҫ߽ݾðһƴ֮Ůмֺӡ
Ҳ֪Լһˣʦɲ𣿡ĻһЩеʵ
ûأٵһɡţ麣Ҳû⣬ʶҲƽȣӦҲûġŮһ߲ỵ̂һ߼˵
һŮ˵ġ麣û⡱Ŀвһ˿ײʧ֮ɫ
ףԪ̫ԣмٵļ󣡡ͻȻŮһ٣Դһ˿
Ԫ٣˻棬ʦܷ࿴ϸһЩһ⻰Ȼһ
ãٲ鿴һ顭ţûԪȷΪٵļ󡣲Ҳ̫ģԪٵĲֻ̫࣬ӣֻҪʳһЩҩа취ֲġڤأӦһЩóȡԪа´ȥ˵صʱֻҪ׼һЩƵֶΣˡˣͶûˡŮ˷Ƭ̺󣬲΢΢һЦ˵
Ԫ٣о岻ʣڴˡлʦָˣ´ȥڤأһᵱĵġһмֿЦĻص
ȴһ»𣬵䷨һյʱоڱߵĶĲֱ³ȥˡ
ûзɵʱ򣬾ȻֱȡԪ䣬Ҫˡ
ԶŮӣȻ磬Ҳ¶̫߳һնٴʩлҲ͸뿪˴˵ء
ӰֱӴ¥ݿڴʧˣŮҲɫһգһ˿ɻһ䣺ѵڤس˲ɣ˵ĻҪñȥʱҪСһˡ
Ůҡҡͷ󣬾ٴԭϣƺŸûһ㡣

һٷͻصס
ֱȥУϥ£Ȼ˫ĿһգͿʼ˼ݵĽ취
Σÿνڷ󣬾ͿʼȡԪĻ氤˶ãҪһغˡ
ò֮·Ȼô˵鷢ġ
һһһҹʱ䡣
ڶһʱ˫Ŀɫ΢ɣƺѾ˶ơ


69 
㳤ʱ˼ʱӦݵķ
һ֣Ȼģһνҹع̣ϣܽ׹Ы֮ء
ַΣ֣һ񣬴пܽԼıɹˡ
ҼʹԸðвȷҲ̫һЩ
˵ȷݱʱڣǡдڣƾֻһԲõġ
ߣο϶׹ЫһλܱǸٴ˳ɸԼġ
ȵһУֻһ˼󣬽ַΪ򲻵ʱֶαˡ
˼Ǿ׵ķ뾡һа취ԼΪ硣
ϾÿһξҲԼӵġ
һݱʱܹͽڻڷӦܹһεˡ
ֻҪ㹻ɻͲԪˣһؿռ䣬Ӷдʱַ
ͽҲġ
ȻøڷپһҪ׵һ磬»Ҫʱ䡣
γֵļʱ䣬Ųӣ˳ʱ䣬ȴЩˡ
˵ĻֻȴЩĵҩˡ
Ȼķ󶼲ȣӰԺףǴݱᴿã̫Ĵµġ
ʶΨһ⣬Ȼͱεõӷĵҩˡ
ù׵ȡĻȻԲġżһοԣǴųȡҩĻҲ̫һЩʮа˾Ż鷳
ֻʣȥطõҩ͸ɴԼѧϰˡ
ַһɽ֮ãһȴͼıԶ֮ߡ
һǰҪʯͺѧϰѣ켸ˡ
رǺߣʦϡ٣ȻѧҲһʱŵġ
ǹϵС飬ȻޱȣҲӲͷƤˡ
ţȻټʲôֱӤɽȥˡ
ڵ˵Ҫ˵ʯķȻˡ
ڴ֮ǰѧ·һƷʺЩ
ϾҪʯͲòȡһЩΣմЩȻҪ׼һˡ
һʱ󣬵ɽ뿪ʱϺȻѾˡ˿׶ɳŷĵ伮
ûоʹ˷סֱȥ
ûжúһĺɫУվĴһɫǰƸոմһݸߵнӻ
ˣֻ˶ʮ׵㣬Ҳֻڻ̶дĸʱʱĻȫҪӱġݸ˵һͷƳԱ߷һҡ
һ죬һ
˵Ĵ̤С
ܷһֺӰһ󲨶оʹ˵ʧˡ
һ̣˫Ŀһ󣬾ͷԼȻһ޴󶴿֮С
˶аĶСĴȴһֱʮɵĺɫˮ̶˿˿вͣ
һʱеһϤζ
Ҳûʲôߵ˻̶ϣĿī̶ˮɨһۺ󣬾ʹȡһȭͷʯͷһӨϸ˿֮󣬾͵һͶ뵽̶ˮУԼڱץϸ˿һ˵ϥˡ

ʱ֮ɫ³˻ɫУһ˴ͣıסһɶء
󣬵ٴ뿪סʱ򣬲ѧˣҲһԭȴϱڷĺ
ֱִöȥ񷢲ǰƬ̺󣬾ȥʯ̨Ǳһʯ϶һ˵뿪ˡ
º󣬵һƣ֮ɫٴλصִõʱȴȻȫɹˣһȡʮ׵ʯĽ
ʱõʱӣһССɧ
ȴЩܲʣǻصס˯ҹ󣬾ٴξĳִãͬȡ˼߱ʯ󣬾ٴηš
㣬ʱһĹȥתۼ͹ȥ֮á
ڴڼ䣬ȫһ־ЧʵĺɨϵĸеѶܹ׵ʯҲһֲٶȷɿǣתۼͻ۽߰ٹ׵ǧʯˡ
УȻȻҲգȫˡ
ͷ׹ЫԲηȻǱµˡ
ʱҲӲκ֣һֱЩ񡣹ʶţŮ֪ӵһͷ⣬ȻԾľٶȣҲʵΡ
ȻˣȴһֿЦ۹⿴λ½Сġˡ
ǿһµӲȥʵʵʱķУȻʮ޴᱾ĩ
һвܲʣô빱׵Żȡӷҩ£ֲЩûĺʯȴûжһι
һգûм񣬶סһ󣬾ֱɽһɶȥ
Ƭ̹󣬵һСɽͷȻһʱѾʮŮӵ
д󲿷˶δʮµӣе˽е˷֮ɫʲôһһŮĿһ
ͬΪɽһĽСŮӡ
ڵ̸ʲôȻδĵ
˸кʲôĬĬߵһԣͬȺ
ٹһԶкȻһһͷɫӥԶշƬ̺͵ɽͷϿա
ɫӥ˫һգʹһȷɽϣ䱳һһβͬŮ
ףôʦǲ̫Ǯʦ𣡡ɽһŮݺ󣬶ʱһɧ˶һ˿ݣͬҲһЩ곤Щڵӣһ۾ϳŮӵݣӵĳԾ
һ̫ۣҲһݵŮ˹ȥ
ֻ곤ЩŮӣ޳ףΪģӣһڰɫԱߵŮֻʮӣףͷС裬ԵʮֵĿɰȴһʮֳسΰ
ʦʱҪ£βܴˣŽȥݷ񽻸ҡҶѾִýɹ׵ˣԲܲμӴ˶飬ڷڵĻ˻һ빱׵㡣ûеĻǾͿ·ˡŮĿһɨɽ˺󣬵˵Ȼÿ˶
ȻλǮʦ㡱
£Ȼû˭վ
Ȼû⣬ھͳˣ㽫۷ų
ãʦ㡣
һԵŮԣ̴ĴӦһڵϣִóһɫһ󣬾ƽһš
һȥֻϺȻһģĻɫۣڣ޷


70 
СŮдʺһֺȻһġ
ۡһдɫĵĴӾһֱʮ֮ߣٵһ󣬾Ϊһֻɫۡ
ֻǴۿƾ޴󣬵ʣ·ʵһ㡣
ˣλʦʦÿˡǮʦȴ˵ĳԾ֮ɫͺŮԹԵķۡ
˻һۺȻҲæȥ
ףô㣡
ͽСŮӷһۣ˼ڷֲԶЩȻˡ
Ҳû뵽ֵġȻԷ˵ˣҲһͷĻص
ûǴĻʦǰӤɽʦ°ɡ㲻ɽʱܣͲµԼ𣡡ĿһʵȻ֪ƺҲ˽ӡ
Ŷԭ֪СҪȥݷаЩҪ飬ȻҪķЩʱ䣬Ҳ޷顣һһЦ˵
ҿ˵ִóһˡھʮ񣬾˵ҲŲõĵӣҲհ׵ģͰͬһ˰ɣԱСŮ⻰ȻһЦĿˡ
ȣŵûеڶհ׵ĵӣǿָľҰɡͷȽϽҲֻжЩȡЩʯˡԷƺûʲô⣬ҲֻһĻص
ǰ֣ҿһЩʦʦ˵ˣɵЩ񣬲ٶһЩϵ˵ΪΣյģ㾹Ȼһ࣬ĪʲôϲɣˣСýŷҲһ¡СŮӴк˵ͬʱȻһЦĽԼ
ŷʦ˵ЦˣʲôϿԣֻ¶໨Щʱ䣬ġԣֻܺ˵
ߣֻΪĳţлĻдһ°ɣʦܵʵӦûһ⾪ϲɡ˫ĿĿһ󣬺Ȼһ˵
˵ЦˣǾ֮壬ĳǶֵġȻһ˿⣬Ȼҡͷ
ûֹô֪Ƕ֣ҵ˵;ɽ֮˽ְɣһŵӡܲǼٵİɡ⻰ϸһ˿֮ɫʵ
ô֪µģ⻰ȴмסˡ
Լ֪ܾɽŵѾһЩӤɽʦֿд˳һ֮˿ɴ˲ġɨִڶ飬ڵʵڲСġŷЦ˵
ֻܿЦˡ
ʦڲԸдĻǾ͵ȵһĴϰɡ㵽ʱܲܲμӴʢɣֵһ˵
ڴϵĻȻǱ޿ɱܣʱ²μӵĻҲһֵġֻǿһЦ˵
νˡֻҪҿ֣Ȼ֪ʵˣϣʱҪʧˡȻһ˵Ͳٶ˵뿪ˡ
ŷæǸһЦҲ͸˹ȥ
ˣֻ΢ҡͷĲˡ
УȴӡԺתһЩ
Ȼӿʮ㣬ʮֺöƺʮֵġ
ҲˣɽŻŷŮһֱ߰ɡ
˼ʱһ㵭Ļ֣ȫ£Ȼһ𣬾һ˵Զˡ
ھһ˽䴦פ㲻ĻһȥͬʱһӦٶȡ
Ȼڿ࣬ǱұȻ֮
ҲʲôǸĳַϵֶΡ
һо۵ܣһͲһС
ֻʮ쳣峺ľʯȴŻнʯ
ҪǧͽʯҪһˡ
һ֮Ըϰٹ׵ҲҪȥݷУȻΪЩʯȡһЩӷĵҩ
ϾݷļҲͲҡ
ҪһηǰȽΪȥ˵
˿˽⵽Ϣ˶ʯǲǵҩƷ⻰ӦҲ㹻ϲˡ
ǻ˵ˣҩƷʶ˵ҲǼҪ顣
Ʒӷ൤ҩú󣬲÷һЩҩʽ٣÷ڲĵҩٵġ
Ͼĳֵҩһ̫ߣٶͬ൤ҩҲ޷̫Чġ
ȽԽߵĵҩƷҲԽߵġ
ϾΪºҲӷҩΪһˣһʦ߸ߵȽף˵ʮϰٵҩֻΪһС
ʱҩƷԽȻҲܷøĴ൤ҩҲӵĸˡ
һЩЧĵҩƷԽߣЧԽá
һƷʵҩ۸ͨƷʵҩʮ۸飬Ҳǳеˡ
ЩȻڵ˵̫ңԶһЩ
ڻֻͽڣԴ⵹̫ӵġ
⣬̾һ˼š
һȻһת
ֻһԶȥСŮ֪ʱĳҲգšӦ˵ĺɫƤŶԡ
ʦʲôԸ𣿡ԷзëǿһЦʵ
Ϣûдȷ١λʦܣһΣ㽫ֻҰɣŮԣڽĿƤŲϳЦݵ˵
ʦʧˡⶫ²ġһݣҡͷ˵
ʦܱ˵϶һƷΡʵڲУҲУŮ˵
˺ɫ΢΢һ͡
ǽıԷȻһʲô˼ѵǿȡ᲻ɣ
ŮЦеĿɰģʵڲ̫ˡ
оһ𣬸ҡͷ
Ůȴܿͽ۸ˣһƶӡ
ʲô
ʱһһ
̧ȥȴλǮʦ˹Ůޱ˵
ʦôûȥݷۣɱɴ˷򡣡ŮһǮʦһƨɰ˹ȥЦ˵
ߣʱִƷۡëַˣһϲ߲·˺ˡλʦܱ⣬Ѿͷûʲô⣬ֻЩƤѡǮʦһѵŮ󣬾תĳɫһ˵
û£ʦҲδʲô顣ǰĺĵӣȻҵ˵
ˣʦܹգһ£ǮʦͷĿҲƤһɨһ䡣
հףǾӤɽʦ£֪Է⣬Ҳû˼
Ŷʦ¡ֻӦòˡҸʦһ飬ﱻϳĻóɳͿĨһ飬һĻϳ˾޼ˡϾݷ˶ӣʱǶСһĺáǮʦ㵭˵
лʦָ㣬С֪ȥˡ΢΢һæлһ
ǮʦͷʹŻмֲŮߵˡ
ʦܣٶ࿼һ£۸񻹿һġ
ȻִĴĳˡ


71 ۹
ļڣϴϢҲû
ϸ۲£ȴʱţƺı䵭УȻʮֵĻ
ڷɵ˴Ŀĵأһͨ˴ɽȸʱ
ɽȷԲʮСӣڸ߿ԶԶȥԼСУͬʱڵ״ӰЩнͣ
ۡһ
ɽһƬյһ£֮һɢƾʧˡ
ʱǮʦŲŲæĽټһ𣬲˵ˣݷǱڹ֮ͬһһڵﶼûʲôȨΥеĹ涨Ҫһκ˶ڷΧʮڶŹʩչ֮ԦַߡΥ߽ᱻֱ£طˣÿڶǲһʦģҲʲô֮ġڴһʦлĻҲġǲ˶ǵһεУӦÿԴһ۽ġҪʲôҪϸһġ߻ӣв߶ɢޣһЩڽڵӣǴҲͽżҲʦֵġΪԼңϵƭĻҲ޷ǳͷʲôġˣ˵Ҷ˵ˡһصǻŵģλʦʦÿжˡ
Ǯʦһ˵⻰ʹŮƮȻɽڴȥˡ
˻һۺԼ̸˹ȥҲۼһȽ̸
ͽСŮ̸ֻ䣬ͬɽȷȥˡ
ӿʼʹһжģȻҲʲôԵƬ̺ҲŲæ·ˡ
һٷɽڴһԶԼ
Ŀ΢΢һ󣬽Ų˿ͣܿߵһʯϡ
ּ߾һʯɵĽߵʮɵĸ¥򲻹ߵĵݣȫ̡
Ϣߣڽֵ߶ԽС
ǰԶԶܿļڵӣһ˲۵ľͲӰҲ֪ܵʲôط
һȴӲŽֵǰߣĿⲻ̴ͣͣ
һͿ˼֡
ЩȻ٣ҲͷΪѡ
Щרųչֲϵĵ̣Ҳרų۳Ʒҩ߷ĵ̣һЩԳۻƸַΪġЩϴĵ̣ʲôⶼһҵֱ̻۵ƣǰͣһ£ſЦ뿪ˡ
㲻Ҳֵ֪ط۵Ǽ۸ߵףġ
һ߲鿴̣һʱʱмңһĳЩ۸
ֵһյ˸һֵ
ʱһֵͷ߳ʱǰȻһĶСĹ㳡Ȼвϵ̯Ȼһڻвĵط
ЩȻ֮£Щ̯λϹһ£л淢вٺöۣһʼ۸Ҳֻһҡͷ߿ˡ
ߵһݵǰȴǰڷŵһƤ伮סˣ̲סⷭۺ󣬲ſʵⱾȫγ۵ġ
Ȿ˽Ļ֪ʶ⣬⻹˼ֻУʯʮ۵ģ̇׿һۺ󣬾˵
ʮʯ
⻰ҡҡͷ·Ŀ̯λһѶһɨ󣬲ֶһ䣺Щأ
Ʒһףʯ١
ӿǶһСһҩһҩɵЩ¾ɶ󣬵Ļص
ⱾΪƷĻ׶Ҫˡԣԥ˵
ͬĶǰһҵ̿ԷֱӿٵġЩ̺˿˿ҩϢӦ߲١
͸㣡ҲգǽһͻϣͱˡЩ죬̧ٿһۺ󣬲źȻһЦ˵
һϲȡö峺ʯ˹ȥ
ӵ˹ȥ΢ʯƷʺ󣬾͵˵ͷ
ŽǱһһն𣬾ʹ뿪˹㳡
ʮִ󣬼൱һеȳ
һʱ󣬲Ųд̡
ǵɫһȥһרŹϢĿջ˯һڶżʣĽֵ
Ȼ̶ӷҩֻ֣ôЩʯһһЩȻһЩԼ۱ߵģĵ̲Ż֡
ʮ֣տһҵ̺Ҳ˾
ʱ߽һҡիƵС¥
˵ɽеȵģľϣڷĶƸ˽ŵжһģƹһ̨档
¥ƺĺãһֱﲻĽ˵ء
߽ȥһ󣬲ڼһ˻ߵ̨ǰһжŵĳ˵իȸҹһ涫ֵʯȻ̸顣
ԣ˿죬Цݵĵͷ˵õģԺһ£Ϸȿһ˵ţ߾ͽһţһɫ΢΢һ
ǿϢǡ߳ԾָһмһŻƶС׺ëһ
ʵѣⶫǺģ߲Ϊ˵ƹһ۾ϳжĿʵ
һͷµġҲû˼̹Ȼ˵
µģЩˡһ˵Ǻ̫߲ܽεġԵһ£һⶫϢǿȡԣһ˿ɻ˵
ȻԷԵģͬͷë󵽵ǺεȾġ
һóһƴɫйһźٵһ
һ̣һͬʱֳһƬƬ֪ģڲͣı仯С
Һڴɣһ̣һʧƺּæʩһ飬ǷϷĺȻԭһ޶
Եһ£Щֵ̫󣬿Ϸ˲붫̸һˡȽպãԴһ°ɡ߳һ󣬳ɿ˵
ã¾߶ˡҺڴɵۣͬһ
Ҫ֪ԭȹߵҲҺڶѡ˵ͷëȻ뻯ҲԶ߽ˡ
вףЩֵȻһ֮ˡֲãõЩѪЧˣʹûɵҩֱӷãҲ䷨һƵͽˡ
ǽҶüŮնɱ˴ǿ϶ǺͱλʦͬһĻڸˡ
һװŮӵĽʱһʮֹĸоˡ


72 ٸͯ
ѵŮӿᣬʵһ̫ţ
ҡҡͷʹͷԺ󣬾ͬ½뵽һ䲼õŵСУһŮһ˱ǵĲˮ
߾뿪ӣȥλȥˡ
һСŲһһɫȹ긾ߴ˽
⸾ݿͨǶ࿴ۺȴһȲӺݸо
ʱѣλǱիˡλѣǰЩǵˡ
ˡ
΢΢һ
ѲÿҲֻһͽѡ֪ѿɷЩóٿһһһ˿Цݵ˵
Ȼû⡣
ԣ̾ʹٽľȡϡ
ǰһһҲϸָмгһɫĲ쿴
һСģרע֮·õĲǺ۵ĹǾѰϡ䱦һ㡣
һ󣬸ִ̧ӷϳһľĶüͷйһ
˼ˡ
ԭƵɫľƬ̼ɫ䣬Ϊ֮ɫ
ȻҺڴ޵ǡȻһЩһСҲǿˡ¶һ˿ϲɫ˵
⻰һ
֮ϡ٣ȻΪƣɹ̫ˣ໹ϹϡٵԵʡЩҺڴ޵ǣǡ֮һȻƹУ϶ҪϣҲֵƵġЩĽйŻغк󣬿н͵˵
ԭˡⷬЩȻȴλ˲ٺøС
Ĳ˵ƾԷûЩ;̹Ȼ˵Щϡɼիÿڱ治Ǵġ
˵óЩǴֱӳۣƺٺͱի̸⣬дµģʵ
ĳȷд˴ġڴ֮ǰʷһ䣬һֱӳ۵Ļ֪իϳʯġĿһ󣬻ʵ
һͨ۸񣬴ʮʯ֮ɣһʧܣҲɥʧ޷ˣҪ۳߽ʦԼϵķãұիҲҪһʯģիһ㶼ǳǧʯҡǵѵЩҺڴһʻƳ߽׺ͼƷԱիٶǧһǧʯչһǡѾ۸Ρһ˼󣬾һֵ˵
ǧʯȷǱȽϺļ۸ˡͷȴһָСϸСľУ¶˼ɫ
˼ˣȻһ˿ɻ󣬵ȻЦݵδߴʲô
һждҴ㻻ȡһЩӷҩֺˡʣʯһ㹺һЩһЩõҩġ˼˺þδеϸСľóһֽ˹ȥ
ЩдõĶ
ҩҪƷʵģȻûˡϺͷĻһͷĿ¼ͼ۸Ѿѡ΢һֽдĶ󣬾һڵĴӦ
ŮһԸ̽ӹֽ߳ӡ
Ƭ̺Ů˽лźһĿ¼
Ѻúÿի۵ĶУ˵еȤĶˣڻ֪ɷ֪һ¡תֽӹĿ¼ĵ˹Ͱʵ
ȫͲֱˡӹĿ¼˵
ԭѡ΢΢һЦƺûȫ顣
Ѿɿ췭Ŀ¼жμС
ٹһٴ˽ֻжʮСһĴƿȫԱߵϡ
ˣĿһĽĿ¼һţʼһһЩƿ
Ƭ̺ĵͷٳ˵Щҩ⣬һҪ¹ܰۻţƷ۰ҺƿɳһƿҪзţַţشšþЩɡʣµʯֱøҰɡ챨һЩϺһЩơ
󣬿λһۡ
Цͷ
ŴӦһ˳ӡ
ѣȻ˶ණ²̫ЯɡһŴһ󣬺Ȼ˵
ֻгΪʦʹ𣬶㶫ҪôַʵЩ˷ˡ⻰΢΢һĻص
һĴȻˡիǰЩµõưʧܵĴȻʹôֻһΣҲ޷װжԵѵͽΪȴÿǿʹõġЦһ˵
˺ɫ΢΢һ

ʱٴδӰի߳ʱ򣬻ֿտյӡ
һγȴûзסջֱȥ˷һλǱߴʱ֮ú󣬲һ˿Цݵ˳
ʱϲĴʯһϸСľУȻѾӰ
ֱӷסջʹ˵Ĳ뿪ˡ
һʱӰٴγɽ֮⣬Լصȥ
ǱߣڵһɵӴѾȺ
˷ܵĽ̸ڷмźãȴûŷӰ
ٵһԶ˹
һ£ȴֶԷǮʦǣһʮַٸ߻ǣһƲ߰Ŀͯ
Ůһۺջ֮䣬һһһɾĶǵĹ֮УòеӶЩ۷ֱ
ŮһǰڣƺҲ΢΢һϴͯ˹ȥ
߿ʮ⣬ͯȻ֪ʲôԸĺ
ٸϸİοͯᣬŮƺʮֽݺݴͯ¡
ͯ޵ȴԽ
ʱɽȷŻǮʦŮ
ʦܺŷʦʦһ컯Ҫڴ˵ضһʱ䣬һȥˡǮʦ㿴˲㴦ٸͯһۺĿһ˵һ䡣
⻰
ʱǮʦȴѾԸŮóᣬٴʩ
Ƭ̹򣬵ɫڿ۶ɵʱڵȻ׷׷ȥ
һ󣬹ֶָ۾ڷȥˡ
ʱԭڿֵͯȻһ¸Ȼֹ̧׳Զ۱Ӱһۡ
ȻֻһЩͽڵСһһʦûСǿһʴˡٸˣȻ˿֣һЦֵ˵


73 
ҶѾɣѾȷЩڵвûҺߣʣµȻȫ϶ǵˡǷߵҲ˵мЧ϶˰ɡͯڿˣȻ쳣һ㡣
İɡǰڷѾһ㣬ǧ֮⣬Ҳ׼ȷҵġٸ֮ɫ˵
ܺãĻȫͽΪЩڵӾˡˣҲ뿪ɡһƱ󣬴ǲٴˣҪٻһطˡͯĵͷ
ٺ٣ߡҲҪϷӦ𣡡
Ȼдһ
ٸͯһһȥ
ֻ߿в֪ʱһۡߣ˫ֵǶˡ
ãľϹ֣ˣٸһݺ󣬵ɫʧ
ԱͯӶ˵һ֣һŰӿ˲佫ԲʮȫûУһŤһȥ
顱һ죬ͯ˫㷽زߣһ±÷·𾫸ְӲһ޷ֺˡ
Ѫһ
ͯͷ­һ¹£Ա߲һֳһݵѪӣһһڻڵѪϸѪС
ӷһɫĳһʱͯͷҲһѪбնʮأľ궼һҽеѪлΪ̡
ʲôͯӣҲˡһͽҲԳơʱѪӲ˵һ
ѪӵѪѻ
ٸһѪӣɫӲ԰ˣȻһȻΪһԶƿնˡ
ѪӼˣЦһĲδ׷ϡ
нȴ˵һȻһɫȣֻңңһӡ
ۡһ
ѾݳʮԶٸֻһ֮˾ͻΪһŻȼն
Ƭ̺λǧĵŮ޾ʧӰ١
ߣľϹ֣û뵽֮ĸӾˣȻ֪ܸһͽ֮ˡѪĿô˾һ˵
Сܺ͵ѵѪᲢۣ˵ĿȴѪӸһ̲Ѫһۣ˼ɵ֮ɫ
ЩѪȻǰͯӲʬڵط
Щ֣粻ǴΪȺĲͯһʦôֻһͽҪˣͬʱġһһ˿ɻʵ
ȻǴţǾͲһʵˡ֮ԶﴫЩа޵ı°ˡ˵Ⱥа⼸ȻͷСҲû˵ʲôӲӲǽɱҲͽߣûǹʲôʦġЩͷҲºݶթһЩѡһǰյϢȦףҲ˽һ򾡵ͷɽΪ֮ˣҵǾ顣ѪӲŲæ˵
Ҳ˰ɡǽΪˣŵǱҲж˰ɡҲ͵ͷ˵
ٺ٣εնŵѱŵӣȻҪԹȥܷĵġ˵ЩһЩͬΪͽĽٷҲӦԲˣҲˣкϧġѪЦһ˵
ѪѻΪѪӵɣµȫɱ¾֮ʵսʮ㣬ܶһġڽЩյĿĵԽˣġлһλǰʮĺĵӡ΢΢һЦ˵
ĵӣ˵ǮѾͷȷʲҲնеĻѹŵѻˡˣѪѿ֪ǰǰ;ɽǰͬʱͬʱ˶𣿡ѪӺȻһ䡣
Ѫ˵ͷͨԵɣ߳Ĭһº󣬺ȻһЦĻص
ȻǷҲõϢҲǣһͷڴҲ֪ûˡŵĳǰ϶ҪˡѪԣ̾һ
Ȼ顣ڵͨ޶һǱ˵ġں;ɽȻȷ֮ˣȻûһ£Ȼ޷ϢڸȥġⱾţ¹ԼڵĻǰͬҲ޷סġҲ˵
ĻͷȻҲˡǰȻǰˣҲµġѪ˼˵
ѪѻҪ룬ǴˡµõϢͷȻˣѾԶ뿪˷Ե򣬲֪䵽ʲôط˲ǰȻޱߣҪҳҲһ顣һǱڱڣԺʹҵҲҪСһˡһϵĻٺ١ٹ죬ҲյľϢˡ˵󣬺ٺһЦ
ӵֵزɡͷͨ˵ѾӳˣѪԣɫ΢΢һ䡣
ҲϣˣҵõϢȴǴԸ˺أʮа˾Ŷʱ޷ӳģҺߣȴǴ˵ѲƷҡҡͷֺȻѹ˵
ѵ˼ǡѪ⻰Ȼһ顣
ܽͽӵնЩڴΪβͷҪˣҲפеҺʦˡø͵˵
ľֶˣѪɫºȴǿЦ
ţȷϷЩˡҪ治ò뿪ĻҾͬΣԣȴ΢΢һЦʵ
ãѪĳЩ⣬ҲľһġһѪֻһ˼󣬾һڴӦ
ղĻһת˵
ͬһʱ䣬ڷǧĸ߿УѾֹͣ˷С
ںɴȻһʮɳɫľۣվʮθߣòɷ˿ȴȫսսվϲҶһ¡
֮ԻģȴΪľƯʮͷοܣԼ·ϵ߱˺Ĳʬ
ľϷһŮӺһͷӴ˵ʲôһв̫עӡ
ͬʱȴյһ𣬸ǮʦڹĸһЦʿ
ɡһΣЩ֣Ȼûʵ飬ҲǳеЩաɣһͷִ÷Ϣ˶һٹ׵㡣ʿƵ˵
лʦ壡
һ⻰һϲͬĳл
ʿ˵˼Ļ󣬾ʹ뿪ˡ
ʱкȻһ쳣ļ̶
ƺʼڼԶ֮תۼͽӡ
ʿԼľϷ̸ŮӺͷӣݼͬʱ
ЩϤһɿһתʱɫҲǡৡһ°˼֡


74 
ǮʦֶǴߣߵԽԶԽãǧҪͷʿȻǮʦһ֮ϼһ̼ͺһŮһͷӲվһ
ǮʦΣĻ֪Զ˲õĴУʦʦɫ䣬˵ĳһԸ
Ů׷ʩ
̼䣬ԭһ֮£̻Ϊһʹļ
ʱԶȻһ¸߰
ڴ߶۵Ǯʦʹֻ˵һڷһͲոշɳһζͣ
ͽںͳڵӣǲķ׷ˤڵء
ֻҲͽڵӺɫһ׵ۼװϣƴ߶ڷļԵֵ
ʿĿô˾ɫѿȴԭδһ¡
˿Զ߿һƬƾոֶɿ߹
ӺдļʹʿʦУҲʼ̰ʹҲ޷ӵĲò𲿷ַס˫
ͨ
ԭվŵǮʦʹҲ˫һĵ˵ϣҲֻƴ߶Եֵ
ϵڵӣΪ΢µѴһĻԹȥͬʱϻѪ
ͽڵڼƬ̺Ҳһ쵹ȥ
ľϵһаޣȻҲһء
Ȼɫ԰֮˫Ŀգȴѵδ
֮£Ȼȫͨǿľھ֮ķ
ͬʱһĶ츳ɾһΪֵһһֲסϻһϡ
ʹҲֻͷ­һʹ̣ۿʼ
ʱǷ·ܶʯļڸȻһֹͣ
ɫһɣæۼæȥвһ
ֻʱԶƬѾӰ٣ʿ˰Уȴһ°ˣϰԵɸ
°һɵƤ㣬ϰ㣬鲼һööɫƬͬʱִ󲱾ϵףֻʣһֻľĿųɭȻĶʿˡ
ʿϸһŷְ˰Ȼ˺ۣ¾Ǹֵ˸ۣһޱȣЩطԼһЩɭɭĹͷȴһѪ
ȻʦǰߵͨԣλѣսӣʿĿŶȴ촽΢Ĵ˹ȥ
ӣܵıһҪߵĻǺʻᱻһһ׷ϣٸƵնɱͷӺһĴص
ҪߵĻ͵һʱͷˣαػˡ˵ˣҪͷͨ״̬£ҵȻǱɡӣһܱ۷ʱɾͲˡ£δزһġҪһնɱ˵Ļ˵ҵȽ׻ڵĻԵˡŮŶԣĿȴһ˿֮
ʿͷһ⻰ҲȻĶһ¡
ãȻѴƴһѣҲһˡŵѣ˼أͷӴ˻ȥ
λˣƶһ˻߲ɡҪǮѾͷߵܷһġʿһҲֻܿЦһ˵
ߣʲôʱˣȻҼͽӡˣһѰɡͷӺһ˵һָ΢΢һ
ԭΧͷǵһֱһɶȥ
ಡһ
վڶİֻһһģĲӰ
ʿͬʱһ̬
䡱һ
һͷ۷ȥĿǣһֻɫצͷ­һıѶ
ֶİһſڣһ
ۡһ죬һͷںͬıѶ
һĻʿ˾һˡ
˲µˣְɣһҧһ֮һгһɫ̽һ׺󣬵дʡ
ͷͷ˲䱻֮󣬸Ƕ˵һͬʱһԣһһԲһɶһ󡰸ԡκ󣬻Ϊһɫ޻ܺһɫܡ
ֻܷһֳͷһȭͷĺʯһɶ׼ȷû뵽ͷ޴С
ԭֻޣһĿһХ֮һ͡һ죬ºоҡͷβ
ʿȴɫһƤһɫһɶΪһŵĵǰ
˾Ŀһ˿ɫȻһʱΪһӰֱ˶ȥֻһ㱣Բ˼ٶȵĳм举ʮԶĵط
ն
˼ˣһȴɵһͺȣȻһɫ̽
˽һ󣬾ͻΪһһȥ
顱һ
ǹһֻצֻһͷʯĽһĶɣͬʱһſڣһɫ帾һȥ

ʿһָǰŷͬʱһ㡣
ǰʱםĻһźһ½Ļͬʱſɢ
Ҳøһĵȥ
䡱䡱
ɫ޻ͳɫͬʱһ˶ȴһڳ󣬾Ȼ͸ƾղˡ
Сģ
ʿǰһֻһȼȻת׳帾˴һ
һһɫ̽һתͻΪһ㽣ĻĽС
һֻɫצһ֣˲䶴ĻٴӸǰӰһץء
ֻǰһϾƾնһѪ
ʱʮеһ֣һѪܶĸֶĿɫһ֣һһڽж¶ȥ
Եǡ
׹ôһ£־һҽк󣬾ͻɥĴӿе¡
УѹֶΣҲˡͷһ䣬д󺮣æʿһͺȡ
á
ʿͬоһ˻ԥĴӦһ
ȻһתǰзһȫѶ
һ̣ӿֶΪɫĽһ
ͬʱһߵͷҲһɫ޻ͳܺʣļֻǿͬʱһ˶ȥδ˵ͷ׷ڿշĿâıѶ
ɲǼ䣬ɫľ޴ںиֶ˲佫û˽ȥ
һļӹһ·һɿֲ֮ϢͻȻһ֮ն첻ѡ
ãﾹȻû¡ǿߣһһˡͷһ˾־һС
֮һһɫԲһ˲仯ΪһͷɫľĽһж
ಡһ
ͷӾľƿնˡ
ʿɫĿô˾ɫѿ֮һҧ£ҲӻͳһɫһĺٵһͼȻ֮ϡ
ָһ󣬾ͽϵǮʦŮֱһץ𣬴һ󣬾һ³ʮԶټ󣬾յĻΪһСڵԶȥˡ
ϵĿһУĿɿڴˡ


75 
Ȼϣȫڼװ֪һʿûġ
λʦûһֻǮʦӵˡ
һ£ҲֻܲԾֶˡ
뵽ԭˡһҲ˼װϡ
ͬʱϢѪҺȫһ±
ʩչ˱ϢؼЧ
䡱һ졣
о޴ֲϢһǺıѶһȷ˷һ
Բһбȷһ󣬷׷׵ģѣľۺҲһɢһ߰ı߰˸ͷȥѶ
ֻһ֮˾ͺڵȫӿе¡
һ£ȴᶯڿգֻڿҪˤʱһִ·һ
ۡһ
һбźŲ֮Զ׹֮һ¼˴֮࣬ұܿ·һ鿴ʮּӲɫʯͷ
˸ߵط£ǲһ죬ֻһʹ
ڹǰʵ࣬ûгֹ۵
ˣڵӵ³֪ˡ
ļڵȫڵϣȫѪѾϢȫˡ
ʱűѵԭֶɳϽһЩ⣬Ȼû˺Ŀһ˿ŰӿֶһֻצȻ·һץ
ಡһǰʹɽĸʬӵϳһģ˴צС
һţһҧȥ˸˴ͷ­ټ¾׽ºһſڳ·һų򣬾ʹŸѪܵʬΪһɺڷҲԶȥˡ
׷򣬺Ȼͷӷ
¡¡һ졣
ͨĻһ䵽·ϣΪһĳ
浱˷һΪһƬຣ
մȾĶľʯͷȫ˲ķɻ
ҽз
ȻмϢаޣڻ˼£ͺһĻΪ˻ҽ
ΪڵޣһȻֲܡ
ڻһµʱ򣬾Ҳ֪²Ҳ˲óǷ·أɿͳŷһĸԼӳ֣һĽ׹Ыһٶ
׹Ыͨ£һڹſ溮ޱȵĹƽĳһ赲ʹĳһһȥ
顱һ
Ͱ׹Ыӳ𺣵ʱһҲܺľѶ
ⳤһͷ𺣣ϲǺ֮ɫ
ղǳ˰㣬Ҳ˵ˡ
Ÿոչŷȴȫľһˣֲ
˵ˣûЩξСˡ
ţ׿һ۰׹Ы
ֻͷڶʱҲ޾
ΪԷһûٻذ׹Ы󣬶Ŀһɨȼյڻ𺣣¶һ˿ϧ֮ɫ
棬ϵķʯȶȻȫ޷ˣ˵Щ˵ġ
ڴ˵ӣ׵ϲ֪ʧ˵Щп⣬Ҳʲô֮֡
һ˼ð׹Ыһ£Լǰ˵֮ɿ˹ȥ
Ȼ˸ʬѾͷ˹ȥǿɫ̽Ӧûڸġ
ȻܱʦӦе϶֮ˣҶƷ׻̫͡
ֱڵ˵Ȼܷġðͷ·صΣգҲҪһҡ
ԭȵ䴦ǵúƬ̼͵˸һۿ˰ĳʯͷеɫ
ϲ֮£Ҫһ߹ȥ
ʱһľӰһΣȻҲһ˳һֵͬ¶֮ɫҲΪ֮һ
гԾ֪ˣɫһصķɿ˼ۡ
һɫۣʮӣ֮ɫһں̴Ҳ粻Ĵ

һԷݺ󣬼˲жϣдս϶޷ˡ
Ȼ֪ԷҲܴӻӵģҲ̽ġ
СӣԭܱסҴү㵹ùˡӺȻЦһж̴ȻһӣͳңңһҶ£ӵһһ˦֮£һǰһļ
һ졣
һŰםǰĳһɶ
顱һ
ֱһһһƾճ˳ȥһζоͼһСһնء
Ӽˣͫ΢΢һһζ̴ʱһɫĻһǰ档
Ŵӽ̴һ׵ϣַɿһд
һ̣һööɫƮͬʱҲʼһƻƹƾӿ֣ɿϿ۶
Ԫ߽׷һ˾ɫһҲַɿһһಡಡ
һмת˲߰˵֮࣬Һн
Ȼ߽׷ˣԽ߽׵ķͷʱԽԷ˻ġ
ӷŵĹĻȻ񣬵˶նϺҲֻ֧Ƭ̵Ѷ
Ӵ󾪣æʩһһıܿڷ£̲סſһžѪ
δվѾеƵȡֶΣֻ˫ܲѡ
һʼʩЪܻһȿԽԽ죬ԷʩھδڴΪ־ʧԲ˲㾹Ȼӡ
һ˵⻰ûκԥһת񱼶ˣǱ̴ȥʰ
ˣһߣͬʱһƿһ죬ͬʱ
ЩٶȺȻһʼ˽ֻ֮࣬һľ͵˻Ӻ󱳴
ǻȻޱȣһҲǿܹһпһ࣬һҽеĵزˡ
ۡһ
һ߼˲䶴˻ͷ­һ¸Ȼֹòˡ
ǰ׹ЫҲϵ˸ڵڳˡ
ŷߵǿɫһѶ
ֻڶ̽ߣǱԼ˿˿ɢڷһеʱ򣬻΢΢ŤѣƺҪѶӡ
Ȼԭ˶ѾˣȻԣƷ׾͵ȥġһϲæһϻ̽һװк󣬾һͲˡ
ʱ׹ЫҲþӻʬϼг˹


76 
ƤҲˣֻǷһЩ˵ҩһЩŵһɫϻȴһע⡣
Ľϻһö𣬲򿪸ӣһɰããһ˶󣬲˸
ϻоȻһ飬溮ޱȣҲ֪Ǻ
ЩȻǻܳ𺣵ġ
Ҳһ汦ˡ
ţɿ콫ϻȫһն´һΧַ̧ųһ򣬽սĺۼȫƻһɶɺͻǱ߲Ч󣬲Ž׹Ыһնڿյĳڷһɶȥˡ

պصڵʱںȻһɣûϢصӡ
ˣȥִü¼һ»֮£̷˾Ӥɽסʹ˿ʼõҩÿҩѡ
תۼ䣬߰ȥˡ
һգһӤɽŵӳСԺ⣬˵Ȫٻɽ
⻰΢˹߳ӡ
һٷͳɽС
ڳ˹Ȫ⣬λʿʦ塱
ȻǴӣʿһݣЦ
Ȫ⻰ɫ䣬ֻǳʵǰЩ죬ȥݷУ;ͷԣ
ǣӵȷȥݷһˡĻص
֪ʦߵ⣬ȫˡʦߵ֮󣬺ַʲô飬ӵģȪһ˿ɫʵ
ʿԣһ˿֮ɫ
ʱδһͬȻпԭڵŹȪλʦ棬ȻЩ̫ڵġ
ʦǮʦ⣬ӿΨһܱѵˣԵȷ۱ǶĪͨɢ֮󣬵ҲֻܲȡһЩԾֶΡ
Ҳû˼ʱһһĽ˳
йذ׹ЫһҲӵõǿڶ̽飬Ȼֲֻᡣֻ˵Լӷж๺˼öܽӳ𺣵ġ
ԭ˵ٻصԭʱӵʬǶҲˣȻǱͷһѻȫյˡʦֶǡڷйһЩҲ޷ӵġҪҴִò鵽ڻڵĵڣֲ֪ġʿ̾һ˵
ʦʲôģ˭뵽ԭֻһȺСȦףͷʦУҲֻʦһܻѾǲеĴˡȪתװοһ
ҲΪŵĳǰͻȻͷԣͬ޷˶֮Զ֮ϣʹҲЩʦܹǵġϧ˵ǰ׷󣬻ǽ׷ˡʿЦһ˵
ѾǲĽˣٹһʱ䣬ʦӦþͿٴγˣʱڻϣзֵһݺôġȪȴ΢΢һЦ˵
ϣ˰ɡˣʦֶԻȥˣйضԺͷһֶ⴫ΥҪڹ洦֮ʿͷֳɫһ˵
ǣ֪ˡһݣӦһ˳ȥ
ӲͷХлܱѣɲһ顣һ뿪˴ʿһ
ţԻǶϼ֮ѡΨһϧֻʣ罫Ϊ״ˡȪͷ¶һ˿ЦݵĻص
ԭֻ̫ϧˡܽͽڵĻһĵӵλûпܵġʿԣͬЩϧӡ
һδϲʦһ˵ʦֺʦȥһ˺巻УһɽߵĲ֮һ²úǱ߾ͻʦˡʿһ£ص˵
ǺǣʦǸԵˣȻܵãҲֻƳƷɽǼдã۸ڡȪһҲмָ֮ɫ˵
ԭˡǿЩϧˡڶԷɽ߲ϿһϧѴչġʿ΢΢һ·Щŵģ
ٺ٣ʦԺȻ֪ˡȪٺһƺԸ̸
̸һʿ͸뿪ˡ
סкɫص˼˺һŴȡһŵҩ£ʼ
ڵ˵ȻǽͽڲҪ顣
һߴ߶ڤǾ㷨һڷһӡ
ºȻеһ麣Ȼ޷Ƶĵתͬʱһһһɿ߱ȫȻͬʱһȥ
䡱һ
ֻһȻʶнһκںһ壬ͬʱһļҪƮƮ𣬻ûһط֮ġ
ˣڤǾͽڣȻ˿ƿûС
һվһ¼ǿϲ֮
һٲõһεıˡ
һƽϢ˷֮⣬׼ԺһʱԲֱܽ編硣
һ˶ųϢһҲ޷֪Ϊ硣
Ͼ˶ʱͽ뵽ͽھ磬ݻЩ̫ˡ
УʣһЩҩҲȫõĲ࣬ڶ⼸ֵҩһԣҲ޷Ӷٷ󣬾ͿʼÿվĴɣͽһĹ
ЩƵǣѾаʱˣȴȻ˿ӦûС
в֮£Ըڴȥ
һգȥ˾Ӥɽطһˣĺ伮ס
˼죬о͸ĳַ󣬵˳Ľǿɫ̽ȡſڳһžȻֵһķ
ۡۡ
һ侫ɴ󣬱濪ʼɫģһֻСһת󣬾ͺȻ۳һɫһ˿Ľ̽Уһۿȥʮӡ
˫ĿһʼϸЩκ󣬲üͷһܵһ䡣
ʮؽƣƷƷеĶ״ڣҲ㲻ˡ롣
ǰĵ伮˵ܴСƷʵȼжϣϿ̺жϡ
һ˵ӵһؽƵƷʮʮؽƵƷʮŵʮƷʮߵʮǼƷˡ
ʮؽϵģʹӵɽܷ֮ӵˣǼ伮Դֻ΢һᣬδ˵ʲô
ȻжƷʺܷҲǾԵģϾҲл֮˵ҪǷˣڲͬΪҲܷӽȻͬܡ


77 
ڶ̽ڵ˵ΪΪԵɣ޷ӳܣʮؽƣܼؾ㲻ˡ
ˣ˽ֻҪͿɴСĵı仯ˣɴ߶渽ĽƣܸЩνܱȵġ
գ˽ǰһףƾУѣͬʱмдʣһžҲͣڶ̽ϣֱɿ룬ԽɭȻ
ڶ̽ļѣԶǰԤϡ
Ҳ֪ΪƷ齣ǵһЩԭǲ֮¡
ɽϵĵһؽƣͻʱ䣬ڶ˰֮ãؽƵ£ǿԴ߶ĵز
ڵؽڼպ󣬲˿󣬲֪ڵܹģҪȵΪͽڴԲ磬ôһЩϣġ
ʱڣݻδз
зЩëˣɴһ󣬿ʼоݷǱȫ
ϾΪͽںӷҩ۸ҪȻǰõĹĶˣҲһϡ࣬ʹǷõƷҩĻԶԶԽ䷨ƵڴԲġ
ʶڵԵҩƷҲһҪˡ
ǵʦԺľ磬ӷҩҪֻӵĿ̣˺˵⿿ʯҲ޷ĵҩ
˵ĻȻϣԼԽԽˡ
ⱾȫƼ򵥣ȴǽ˵ҩ֪ʶһЩַ
˵һʦǾͨԻľԹߣȻӵд˵е滰ȻǸòˡ
տʼʱѧϰǺֵģϾ䱾ʾǽһЩҩķֽ飬ø۳ɵĹֻ̡Ҫ̫ޱ֮ˣѧŹ̡
ΨһǣѧɲܹƳҩġ
ϾÿһֵҩĳɹҪʦڲϵ䣬¶ƿأҩ¯ʱȸƿ
ֻһطЩϸ΢ƫܵƹʧܡ
Щƫƫ󲿷޷Դ̵ģֻܿ˶ϰס
ٸʦ򵥵ҩƣҲ˵ǰٷ֮ٳɹġ
ЩոսӴ֣򵥵ļֵҩҲ͵˷ָĵز
ϰٴһŵҩδƳ˵ǳе顣
Щи߽׵ҩƣΪӸӣòϸӽȱʱʲôϰ֮˵ֻܿʦǰĵҩƣԵʦҪȻӸˡ
ƫƫһʦ޲ҪһδϰͺԴѻſֵܳġ
Ȼĵʦϡ٣˵ֻЩŴи߽׵ʦ
һڵһʦҲǿһнʦѡŵλҲʦȻͬ˭Ҳ׵ġ
ȫжʱһԾԾԵĸоһԥʹӺ渽Ļѡ˱ٹȵõĵҩϸϸоһ󣬾ȡһߺһЩϣ濪ʼĥ
С顱һ촫ǰһŻȼյİɫ¯ðһɺһɽζһɢ
ˣɫһзһɢ¯ܻʱƾɢ
ѾʧܵĲ֪ڼʮ¯ҩˣһűٹȵδƳ
Ȼ伮˵ԸտʼӴ֮˵Ǻ顣
Դ˵λǴܴһʼ²ڵ쳣ɥ
ҪǣԭȹõϣС֮ࡣ
֮£ͣϰ׼ԺһڶҼ伮ֱʦһºٿ¿¯⡣
ʱ䣬ûеҩԷ£ֻһĶ츳ڤǾˡ
ʱһȥתۼ¹ȥˡ
ʱȻʲô쳣ûзЩ񲻶Ƿʹʧˡ
һգеͻȻе麣һһ֮п
ݼһ֮úڻǳˡ
һ£ԥĽ׹Ыһжͨһͨ󣬾Ϳʼƴ߶ڤǾĿڷ
һεɣȻһλҪңҪͽڣһ¼ı֮࣬һʱ̾ͻ˸ˡ
ʹҲڷһ߽ʮ֮߰ˣֹͣɡ
ڴڼ䣬ûٸоԪΣҲһ
һѺһڣٴγǸҝռˡ
ͬĿռ䣬ǰִ࣬ԲѾʮɿˡ
һֵͬģȻһ׹Ы˹ˡ
˹Լһط飬΢΢һϷִ˵ƺЩӡ֮̾Щ˷ܵ
԰׹Ыδʣһɫ΢΢һ
ȻһαһɷңǳּʱȴƺҲӦ䳤࣬˵һϢˡ
ǰһμһμһʱжϵĻһηӦĻʱˡ
Ȼֻ뵱ȻģǷ㳤ʱ仹˵顣
뻹ҪٶּΣֹɵġ
ĬĬ˼һѾ׼ʼѾɵĻ

ּһֱ߶ľͻתֱͣһ󣬾ͷХһɶ
䡱һһŽĢ״ĺںɫһڶϳ𣬾Ȼռ䶼΢΢
¶ɫͬʱһɫһɢ
ȻղǿžͻȻͨǽŻ𵯵һֲܵġ
ȻͬΪͽ׷ԲĻǻ֮֮ǿԶǷɱȵġ
һƨϣ׼ָһǰĵľ˵
ĿһƳȴһۿ׹ЫڲԶԸһñβ̲ѡ
ԭѾĺɫβ˿ڰ׹Ы߶¾ûһ޶ĺӰͬʱǰԼɼĺɫâǷ͵ļѡ
΢΢һЦ
ȻĽ˹Ыһͬ˿ռ䣬ʱ̫ϣһ⣬˳Ĵ㡣
Ȼڴ˿ռ䣬̶ȣ׹ЫȻҲͬŶԡ
ڿ뷨ûͷЫڲͣϰβ£ȻɱȰǰ֡
ҪС֣
βɱԭǴЫֶΣ£ƻ̳ɱġ
һȻӷĵùЫϰȥˡ
Ϣһ󣬾Ϳʼַˣˮܻͷٶȶ޷ͻͷᲢۣȻ˷ʱˡ
һȻͿǵѧŽϸ߽׷ˡ


78 Լ
׶ɳ˿
ַϴδӾӤɽطѧģҲڵѧֽϸ߽׷
˵Ȼ˶˶ѡŷȻΪŷûеĳһǺ߽׷ȣʩʱ䷨ǽ϶̵ģʵԽǿǶƻеЧǿеʱһЩóġ
ȻַڵӺܶ࣬ܽСɲεȴûмˣ˵ԺĴɺԲˡ
Ϊȷл𵯵ȼ򵥷ҪѵĶˣķʱ伸ǰߵıϡ
ʶѧ⼸ַĵڶ࣬û˻ᵥʱȥ
֮ԸȻڴ˿ռڵʱţʵеʱ䡣
ȻˣǵַѣҲֻһֵɱﵵĴ㡣
еı׶һƻԣҺɱˣϧʽڼ򵥣׶ֶ
ɳƾڶֽγɴƬɳΣһ뿪󣬴˷֮ˡ
˿ʽһЩʱܷӳ䲻Чϧ»֮һССĻͿԽƵ
˼˰󣬻Ǿ׶˷
Ȼʽһжֻ֣ҪԵʱදЩӵĻ߲εܣǿɴΪεġ
ϢСպ󣬾΢ָһЩ󣬾һվʼ׶

һڿռбĿϢȻ˵һ죬һۺ˾ͺȻصʵС
ʱ䣡ȻǶɵķԽ࣬ǸطʱҲԽ
һΣϲû¶̫ɫʮƽһ
ͬһʱ䣬һһɾ麣пӿ
Դ׼˫ĿһյĵϢ
֪˶ú󣬵ɫһʱ麣ֹͣתԭȱɵķȻ˽֮࣬ҾҲûеصͽȥ
ԴЩȻһ˼ҲԼмˡ
ʱһڵ˵ҲһЩǱͽڵȴָ߳ࡣʶܱ־ûе䡣
˵Ļһδڵسھôһ£
ѵΪͽڵӵķͺ澳̫ٵԵʣ
һ룬Щ̫ףûеȻһˣҲöˡ
Ͼݳ֣ԭֵ飬Щط޷ͨҲġ
һڷʱֲ΢΢һϲ
ڷľ̶ƺǰҲһ֡
ȻȻɷԽԽ࣬Էᴿ̶ҲͬС
һοɾʮˡ
Ҫ۷ٻԲͽڵӣҪ˵ͬ״Ҳ޷ȡ
˵ɣһͬǿмڶʱڿ϶ԴռϷ磬ǳһʱ޷ȡʤĻ϶ȱȶԷꡣǲȡλսͶԷһյսӮķֿˡ
ΪʾͬʱҲظٶ֮ҲԶһͬ״ڡ
ϸһºȻһЦˡ
ζڸʵ˵ƺڱ׵ġ
һתףͿһſŵİ׹Ыȴüͷ΢΢һ塣
֪ͷ׹ЫǷΪûԵʣǰûֱӴ˹δַɺͷᴿ
ʶؿռתһȦֿƽķر塣
һĹͨ˹Ыһ¡
һ̣Ыβ΢΢һ͡죬ʮͬʱһţǰԶ϶ʱʮָϸС
乳β֮죬޷
Ȼϲ
˹Ȼδ쳣ؿռЧȴ˿Ĵ˻
һĻˡ
ڣеϢɣ׼·صķȹһ£ٿ顣
һʱסȴһ֮͡
״죬ҳһͻȻڵϢ΢΢һ󣬽һգվ˳ȥ
ֻСԺ⣬һ֬ĽŮվ
ԭʦã
ȻнʱûټǰŮһϳ˶ԷĿһ˵
ǰλǰȻѾȥ˻ëѾͷ󣬱һȻĶĽŮ
ǰ״죡
һǰͳһߴ꣬Ҳ΢΢һ
ȻϴҲôŮ⡣
ǰĳˡûмǴĻʦƺӦڻѪһŵӣͻȻǾӤɽˡɫһ䡣
ߣ㻹ҡ㣬ǲ㸸׸ףȻҪҶ»ԼҪԺ޸㡣һ⻰ʱȻлعŭ˵
ףһΣԾȴ̫ġ۶գĻص
֪ƭ˭Ҹң֪ѾӦ顣϶˽˲ԣ㻹˭Щ˵˻£ҾŹġԸҧг
ٺ٣Դһֱδع׼ңܸ㸸׽ʲôԡ˵꣬滹ǵһμʲôȢͷ˻飬ֻҪĻǺġٺһ˵
˵˻£һҸһǿӲҷԵġҵ̣Ҳ˺üˣûЧֻа׼Ǳ˵ԼҸײ¿Ǵ˻¡һһϴмڴ˵
ð׼˻飬ǲܵġԥһڻؾ
ΪʲôȻûȢҵ˼˵˻²Ȼ𣡡ԣ־ŭ
ĳȢȢν飬ǰ׼ҪҪһҶϱȴʮҪ顣ҲǴ֮ˣܲһʲô˼ɡȻһͽͬʱλĴ£ҲȥġҪб£Լ˵ˡҪǾֻܼ׼ˡˣҵ˼ѾˣԻȥˣһҪȥġ˵֮һתŮȥˡ
ΣȻİٳסȴá
ֻǼζ󣬾ͽУһ¹صġ
հ׵ģ㲻Ҫڴ¡ŮЦȻһ󣬾ʹ˵뿪ԭ
ͬʱصеȴָ˰ͷһ̫Ѩ̾һ
һд鷳ˡ
λ׼ҼϴȻἰкҽ׵˼Ҳû뵽λȻĸû˼ͰӲϹȺҶ˻ԼһֱڹС


79 鷳
λ׼ҼҲǳ׼ˣҲΪС¶Ͱ׼ַֻǶ»ԼҲûʲôѾͽڣֻҪܽĵ֮У׼ҽݽҴҲή¶ͷܳΪʦĻڸὫ޶ˡһо⡣
ʣµһڣոս̵Ĳʱ򣬾ӤɽϺȻٴСȵ
һ󣬲ҵ̱ɽ㳡ȥ
һεСȣ˹Ȫ⣬ʦúȻûг֡
Сȹ̺ǰҲæ࣬͸ֵȪˣҲһĲɵģ
αУЩϵΪдĲࡣµеСٻȻ뵽ͽڣѦɽȴͽڣΪ˿δкγľɥ֮ɫ
λӣȻʩʱԻͽھ磬Ϣȴǰǿ࣬ƺͻƵͽھҲѾԶˡ
ԼϢҲһֱǿѹͽڣβҲֻǴҴҶֵֻϴԺһѡ
Се㽱˵Ѿ̫ˣȻֵ̫עˡ
һӾȻһٶȻ죬Ҳ鷳
ڹȪҲµһСбûϴǰע⣬ʹѹϢҲҿ϶һȥġ
СȽֻٵõһƿָ鵤ͺһɽȥˡ
һصסʱȴһ֮
ʦ㣡ЩȻĽгǰٸ֡
ʦѵҵһ𣿡ŮȻһЦ
СʧˣʦָܿƽٸСԺУֱ᷿С
ʦﵹǼªĺܰһܺϸһ˿
רд˵ãһľӺͼ⣬κΰˡ
СһֻϣЩﲻôġʦЦˡˣʦҿʲôҪ£һڵٸº΢Цʵ
ʦܣѾͷǲǰЩҹˡҲûпֱӷһ䡣
ĻȷҹһˡҲ֣̹Ȼص
ʦѾֳ֪Ҫˡԣɫһ
ԭȲ֪һң֪Ҳ֪ˡŻ˭ġûǣͷĻҿɲһὫҺյһȥЦ
ôʦĪҳýˣҪúлһл𣿡Ц
ѵý˾ʦ㲻ɣٸЦԼһ˿һתһЩȻ
ʦܻǴϻ۹ˡ޸㣬ȷֳġҷһ׼Ҳû̾ʹӦٶȵĽƸ񣬽ԼԼãǳ׵ģʦԺֶܱŮһ˻ȥ֪ôлýˡһЦ
лʦǲǾС鷳࣬ЩͷʹһĲ˵ǰֶŮҲӴΣͰҶӲյһ𡣱˵ҾñŤֶŮ¸޲ھһغɡһ°ͣҡҡͷ˵
һʦϳɵģҲ˵ĻȻ޷׼ȣҲǴЩңŮµɸġȻڶ㼫Ϊӣһ޸ˣȻͻĻתģһ㣬ҿԱ֤ġң˻¶ǰ˵ǼΪҪʦѾͽҲ޷ܾµⳡԼɡ˲ͽ⣬Ҳǧһ˲ţʦܵĻҲŵԵġƲŲæ˵
Ȼʲôûʦ˵ˣʲôимˣһ˵
ˣһʦ˵һ»Լ飬вʲôᣬҪʦԺҪһˡЦһ
һˣ˭ʵ
ȻǸ߳ˡ
߳壬ʦΪµӣȻһȣ⻰Ҳһ
Ӻߵĺ֪ܽԼ֮£²׸ݵġ̹Ȼ˵
ߵĺܽʲô˼ٸĿһ
˵ɣһ˼˴ϣֶ߳ŮҲǳġԲҪСһµġԷģҿԱ֤ʹӼûʲôԽ顣æĻص
ʦǲ˵ЦȻֶŮѾϲ֮ˣһһǰ;ԶĵӣһҪң۽ºޱˡ
Ҿ͸߳ӴһģԵɣҲ˵̫ࡣֻҪֳ֪ҲǴ˼˸߳壬ΪԷ˫ް£³ޱȡɫҲȻ
ԣҾѡԩͷԷһӣʦΪ˵𣿡˿ΪԷɫ˵
˵ȷЩΪѰʦˡҲһڴӦģѾƸھ㷴ڵĻҲѾˡʦҲ̫ĸ߳飬ӱŹܵĺϣƽܹĿԲ󣬵һЩϵߣЩ֪º鷳пܵ£ʦԺҪ뿪ţֻҪһˡЩǸ˵
Ϳ£⻰ʲô˼һ
Ϊ֪߳ǰøոսͽڳɹˣĵʵʮĵӦûģٲμûĻõĺôԴ㹻ֱӽڴԲˣʱ϶Ὺʼ׼ʦ磬˼ŮС¡Լ룬ʦҲӦġʦǺεȼ֮£ڶһнģʱ˷ޣܰʦôЦ˵
ԺΪʦأٸʵ
ʦ֪ܲɣʦһĹ⣬һΪʦ󣬾;׶飬ҵʱʦ£Ҳ֪жŮ߶Ͷͱ浣ĵĻںɻصһִȥһʱһȻһжˡƺ˼һһʮ˵
һʱκ󣬲źȻ˵һһĻ
ʦ㣬йҺ飬Ҳٶ̸ʲôڵһ´Ϻ顣ʦŴ˳ʱ䣬֪ܲɡ

һٷʱٸЦݵ뿪оֻʣһϳ˼ˡ
Ϊ߳鷢˼ǴȺ顣


80 ʯᡢ
ڵͽΪ͹ЫֻҪʦ鷳Ȼжηġ
ĻԼȻҲһһĴ㣬ǷȢŮҲһȻ̬ȡ
ʱԱ˵Ҳ̣˵ȴܻıġ
ղϸ齲ǰδкĵӵõԴͲμĪô󣬲ȻĶˡ
Ĳ˵һΪĵǰʮ֮Уÿ갴һǧʯǧʯؽĶˡ
˵һܹлŻڻΪЩÿṩһݽʦʱɷ֮ͬʱᰴµĹѫٿнأǿڱŨʮУһ
ЩֻԼĽҲܶøλڹֵͬȻڴϵġ
˾˽ͣԼԴ˵ȻǾԲܷŹġ
ʱ䣬ҲֻаʱˣڴȺһ꿪ʼ
ȻʵԼǷܽĵǰʮ֮УҲʮİա
ϾڴȿʮͽɲμӵıԣȻЩʹˣоʵӣҲв֪ͽ꣬һۺޱȵϵӡ
£ǲ̫ߣЩȱ˶ʵս顣Ȼǰ׵ΣǷ˼ܹʵڲ࣬ͽֻûмεġ
ȻҲרдõĶһ˭ὫԼֵֶط¶Ϊڶһֹ˼ͬţܵϳԵʣͽǿ߲޶õġ
ʶֻһ˼󣬾ͷڶϰʵսĴ㡣
ٷɿ˼ͻȻʲôһЦˣǸطȻһЩϰʵսĺõطȥĻ鷳Ҳ̫׵ġڴ֮ǰǰҪȥؾһˣһźʵķС
ӤɽطȻҲмŶеӹķЩҪôһҪôʩչЧѣûпеġ
еĹ׵㣬ȻΪǰʱ任ȡһЩӷҩ˴룬ʣµٹ׵ӦҲܹȡһŷõġ
һ뵽ҪλǿڤǾԼġʦ塱оԼЩëǰ֮ԴδȥؾڶΣδⲻж䱧ű֮ͷ
ȻǣȺ飬ҲֻӲͷƤȥһˣ˳ƽڤǾһЩ⴦ʸףȻǸòˡ
ͷϸһ飬κβ׺󣬵뿪סڿƵ뿪˾Ӥɽֱȥ
һӤɽãɽҲһڿճƣӿٶȵƬ̼׷ǰ
ǰǰʦ𣬿ɷһҷϼ䡣
ͷ˱׷ԭģ˾Ȼֱӿˣһԥ󣬻ͣ˻ƣת˹ȥ
ֻͬϹϣȻվһʮŮ
еڣֱ۴ִһװһɫǹŮȧԸߣͨһɫƤޡ
λǡ
һ۾ϳ˲ǾӤɽӣ˫Ŀһеʵ
Ȼǰʦܣ̫ˣʯᣬ°ƣҶ˶ǻѪһӡ´ۺ¶Цݵ˵
ԭʯʦֺʦ㣬λҰĳ飿һԷǻѪһжʱ˼Ȼ˿ɫ¶ʵ
ʦܣﲻ˵ĵطǿɷ̸һ¡󺺺͸˻һۺ˵
û⡣
۶գһڴӦ·һȥö΢΢һ󣬼æҲȥˡ
Ƭ̺˾Ⱥ·һƬСС
λʲô飬˵˰ɡʵ
ʦܣ˴ҶҲŹģûбҪĻҷ򸾿ɲһ˵ġȻ˵ЦѾӰ
Ŷʦֿ߲ˡǸ߳ģѾͷʹġü΢΢һ˿ɫûеķʵ
ʦǴˣҷ򸾶˵ʲôˡ飬Ȼܾʦܵġֻһ䣬Ը˵ĻԼֻҪӦĻҶŤͷߡޱҲˣЩ΢΢ɳơ
ӦĻѵλҶֲɣֻҪ˿ִ֣Ƭ̼ͻġЦ
ϽӼҶִµġʦԺȥһ뿪ɽź󣬿¾ͻһЩ鷳ֵġʯһ죬¶ѩݵ˵ев֮Լ͸
鷳һʱò뿪ŵģʯʦҪĵĻŸžˡ˸Ƿ˵
⻰öһŮɫ΢΢һ䡣
ʦܣò绨ԸΪһͽǵŮӣȥʦ𣡲ҪˣԸʦܵʣԺʦʮþȵ顣ɫ˵
Ǿ͵ȸ߳ʦ󣬶λҰɡ𣬼ȻͶһæͲλˡٺһĻص
Ͳ˵ĵһڿն𣬳һɶȥˡ
ô죬û뵽СͲ󣬾ȻѲ˼ˣת׳ʵ˫üƺʮŭӡ
λʦͲ󣬵̶ܶʱܴһȻй֮ġƾȼ֮ԣͽˣԭǲ̫ܵ顣ҲûϵҴѾóʱûнȡ׵ˣҾͲܴڲˡͷһ£˷ֳ棬ץѵĻᡣȻǰ˵ƯԵͷ֮ȻʲôǿʳʲôǲܵˡЦĻص
ãǾɡˣ˵Ҳִ½϶࣬ǲҲҪһɫĵͷһʲôʵ
ƱϾ׹ùãڻöġûԭһԴŮŷпˣһû鷳𣬶ҲΪʦܵĹϵЩͶġʯҡҡͷ˵
⵹ҲǣѾͷ˵Ҳһ֮ˣҵȶӴʦܵ⣬ΨһֱڹУΪԼԺܺ͸ʦ˫˫ءµȸʦܳɾʦ֮ڣҲΪ¯֮֮ʱ̾һ˵
˵ʲôҿ۵ĻһŶУһҪ𣡡һ⻰ʱɫѵͬʱæһ


81 ǿ
ģˣҲһ˵ѡŮƺҲ֪Լʧˣɫһæ˵
ƶҪףҵ֮ԻʦܣΪܹʦһ֮ģͲܹܵˡ¯֮£ҲûԼλֶŮἰԼţͲֵܹ˱ˣˡˣԺҪˣȻȥʦһ¸ղ˵֮ˡ󺺿һ˵
Ȼͷ
Ƕ˵ڿնҲֱѪһɽȥˡ
ͬһʱ䣬Ѿٴط⣬ɫЩӵվһ󣬲Ŵ˽ȥ
һţȻǸС䣬һȴһߣڵ׿һ伮һ˽̧׵һ䣺ȡǻȡ
ߺȻŭĿ룬һ쳣ĸо
ףôʦ忴زؾˣǰǡһæǰһʵ
ϷǶһη壬һʦˡǼһһǰжؾصְѾȥչˡˣڿ˵㵽˵ĿˡߵǱֵʮֺơ
ԭʦ뵽ؾѡһŷ״칪˵
λʦ塱ںһͬʱԼôһ˿ʧ֮ɫ
Ӥɽԭǹʦһ£ᣬɱЩøԶһΪһ󣬲ʩչġ㵽ξˣ߻䣬һֱһģȰͷһ£ɲǼ䣬һӿ롣
һڷ̼£˲ͷȫһӿȥ
ףͽڣηƻһպֳһ˿ɫ
ʦ壬ǡЩɫ粻ˡ
õģֻǲһΪѡͽڻȻʸѧϰˡа״ǰɣʦ³һĵӣɡη΢΢һЦĳһ䣬һһɰϼһ
ɲǼ䣬Ӱȫڰ׹һĲˡ
һ̣˳һ鲼һ¶¹ǽĴˡ
ȥɣǱ߾ǼطֻҪַʯ̨ϣȻ֪ݺͻȡĹ׵ȻԼƣͿɶȡˡη嵥ֳĳ㼸£Ǳ߹ǽƾջΪʧˡ
Ӧһ˹ȥֽһֻһʯ̨ϣһɫзһɫ
䡱һ
ʯ̨һһһ˲ûһŰɫֳ
ԸɼӳֽԹ֫ϣõķޱȣɶϽ񡣹׵İ١
ҡҡͷ뿪ʯֱ̨һȥ
ˮˮ䷨ͷŴΧΣ׵١
ԿɿعΧеȣƻߣ׵һǧ
ԹΧƻߣ׵һǧġ

һʯ̨ĿȥϿƽȴ̾ѡ
﷨ȡĹ׵֮࣬ԶԤ֮ϣʣٶ๱׵㣬Ҳֻܻȡ͵ȵһŷ
ûжãͿһСʯ̨Ϸüͷ£Ȼһֱδҵĵķ
ȻƷһīɫʯ̨ϵʱɫ΢΢һפ㲻ǰ
ѪľԷɽڣƽþѪһʱͿ˲伤ΪȫЧǿʱ䳤̶мǣ˷ҪĴѪͬʩǾʹޱȣʱ̫ܳľɼΣԼ󣬹׵١
³ֵİɫ˵֣󣬾ͲٳɵĽƴһöʯ̨Ϲһ顣
Ȼȱݼ࣬뻻һ˵͹׵ķҲֻһˣȻûʲôѡصġ
ۡһһ֮ܵٹ׵㵱ƾղҲͬʱѶ
һɫ伮һС
һô˵伮ɵתˡ
ѪҪʦүǵһλǰնɱһа޺󣬴ġ֮˲٣Ϊʩչʱʹ࣬ľķգҺױԷƵȱݣ½ˡҪǴ⣬ľԷҲ࣬˵Ƴ˲ؾԲֻҪЩ׵Ϳɻȡġھ磬ɼʲѡַġηĿɫ伮ɨһۺɫһ˵
лǰָ㣬׵㲻ֻ࣬ѡˡĻص
ȻˣϷҲˣİɡη̾һ˵˵
һյ蹤ڰ׹һУٴγСС
һת뿪˲ؾ
ηڴŴһεʧ󣬲ɫһ䣺ᣬӦһοյˡûǴĻӤյľӿɲǽа״죬ѵֻһӣЩŹ˰˿ڣһҲġ
Ŀɻ֮ɫҡҡͷ󣬻ϼеĵ伮
ͬһʱ䣬鿴ʣ޼Ĺ׵̾ϢһĽһնֱִöȥˡ
Ƭ̹վڷľ£̧ž˵һõɫд˼֮ǡ
һתȡʯ̨ȥһݹȥ
Ҫμһֵǿѹ񣡡
ǿ߿ǼΣյģȥԸģʦܣҪμӴ𣿡ʯ̨еִȻϵλˣһ仰ԭ¶Цݶʱһ
û£Сܵȷ´ġ˼˵
ȻҰʦӽȥˣһλʦӣʦһҪ׼ʱУᵹ۴׵ġִµͷ˵ӹƣýɫ̹˼ºֻ
ִ³лһ󣬲ڶ뿪ˡ
ʦ֣ʦܸղŽʲôôЩɵӡһʮ꣬ͨӺȻҲߵʯ̨һ䡣
ûʲôʦֻǲμǿѹ񡣡ִȻϵѯ֮ˣĵĻص
ʲôǿߣѯԣһ
ǰҸղŲȰ˵䣬ϧʦִҪȥֻܸˡûǴĻһǿеŵӣѾʮ֮˰ɣ˶صģǲ֪жˡλʦᣬ֮Ƿͬһġִһ˵
ղѯӣȴڷ֮С

ʲôǿߵѹСӻȥѪһɽɽŴһ¥УѪһϵӾۼһһӸոʧĳڡ


82 ˾
ǰҹʯᣬ˫ްƵĸͬҲڴ˵أȴһװ󺺺һ˫߰˸Ѫɫۻꡣ
ȥǿߵĻ϶һλʦԴӵĻǾ֪СУҲ޷κεġСӵҲ湻ܵģΪ˱ܿǾȻȥǿֵطͲһȥˡʦ֣ʶ㣬ʲô𣿡ۻüһת׳徢װʵ
ȻȥǿߣĸڲٻڵˣǻҪ鷳ĻҲֻͬμǿѹлġ´󺺻˵
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䡱һ죬һͷιǹͷ­һŻлΪƬĽɿ죬ͬʱһŲ϶ɫԲһɭɭͷ˼κ󣬵ڵϵĻΪһɢǡ
ಡһһӰһ󣬵ϵǿźɫԲʹ˵ĲӰ
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׹ЫһɫԲȴһͷȻþһѲйаһС쳣Ө糤Сǡ
ɫһǰĽСһϸһ󣬲һЦȻǣϧֻʮݵӣҲԻȡʯˡ


84 ǹ
΢΢һЦĽһն𣬼ͨǰ
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ͬһʱ䣬һģԲ˼ĽǶ۽һ߹ǹߣһֻһסߴ紦ϻɫͷһ֣һͬͷ­ķ顣
źɫԲ鵱

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һǰǰΪǣˡ׷ӦúҵҪҵˣһʯǰ׵ˡҡҡͷһϲЦտתڿյ뿪ˡ

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ͨڸһƽǽϣȻмʺĴ֣ڡ
ǰ߾ǿߵˣ˵溷ǹ֮࣬ԶǰɱȵġҲ˲ջҲǰɱȵġһ䣬ʹߵİ׹ЫǰͨС

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һû߹ȥһתĶڴ˵һ䣺˾ֿˣǲҲóһˡ


85 ɷ
ʲôʱҵģڴӰһΣһӰһ֣һ۵ӡ
ֻʱǰͻѴǼɵɫˡ
˾ȻصĺܺãϧǰжʱƺϢûпƺã΢һЩĳᷢġתźӵ˵
ͬһʱ䣬׹ЫҲٴδӵһ˫ĿĶ³ֵĲ֮͡
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ַԲ磬Ϳʶ֮ӡӶתΪ֮ͨһȫʩչǰȫ֮ġٺ٣֮˾˵һӣֻͽھ磬ʵһ㡣ϹǵĹۣ֪л𵯶κһҪӡרȥһӶҪʱпܵġʦܾȻͬʱˣʦڷϵ츳֮ߣʵԶġ˾˵
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ԭΪֻ˳ֶΪ飬֪ʦʵ󣬶ǿгֻǵʯȻ˵Цˡ˵ҲûսʤİҿûȤˡȵȵʱٴҾԻȫԸ˿ġ˾˵֮ξ󶴿ڴһȥʹ˵ȥˡ
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ȻĲһºĵǿߵʵ˻ʵսɾ޷ˡһĻϲ֮ǿɾ鷳ˡ
˼һ󣬾ͬϨڴ˺ͶԷֵĴ㡣
ʱ׹Ыȴڸһ󣬴Ӳ֪ӺδþǰõĻһİ߳ϸǣ˳͵ߡ
ףǡĿһɨЫŵǸǣɫһһеĽ㵽Уǰϸ
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ղͷùǹ֮ǿǰкǹжһֻͷЫ̲϶ҲСġ˵˵ˣǽõ滻ȡ׵Ļ»ȡϰٹ׵Ҳǲܵ顣
ҡҡͷϻʣµһƬͰظҲһһ鿴ȫӽһƤС
סͻûڻȻҲ֮ͨӦܹЩʯġ
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һŵɫһڸʯϣһŵûʯвӰ
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ڴڼ䣬նɱĺǹ԰ټˣ伶ǹǲͷǿʵ֮ǿǰԵֻ֮ϡ
һֻ˫ͷιǹѾֻһ֮ңĵزһȱƵŰ׹ЫӱСǿߵ㣬ŲòӶŹǿ̽ĵؽƣս˹ǹնɱġ
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սȴԼƺһһЩǰ׵նɱǿеĸоǹʱϵ鿪ʼһ뵽ʵս֮С
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ϢˣĿо˿˿⣬ŵͷ׹ЫҲξԼǰ֡
̧жղüĽ˫Ŀһգһϵ˿˿ů󣬲۾
ʱĿȫޣϢΪ֮һȫ
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ͬһʱ䣬ڻѪһĳҴǰ˫ֵվĿ⾼ĶѪɫţɫЩЩڴӡ
䱳󴦣ʮ꣬ʮֽƵվţҴĿȴʮָӣһ뼵ޣһĽӡ
䡱һͻȻѶһѪһһ󣬾ȻΪһꡣ
ЩϤüȻǵһͬڵλɢ޵Ӹ߳塣
ʱüһ˿ģѵȻ޴棬ȡ֮ģȴȻ֮ɫ
ݼʦ𣡡
߳һţǰ
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ʦ𣬵Ӱ˼̷Ѿɹһ˿ѪɷѪ֮߳幧˵һָǰһ㣬һѪָ·˲ָȦޱȵӡ
żδϲȴص˵ǲɷɹΪʦҪһԵġ䣬һ̧Ŷ߳ƮƮһĶ
δĵһѪɫʹָһԼ͸©һѪ֮
߳ͫһһѪָȻǰһһֱԲ
ۡһ
һѪһµԲ˲ûһ浭Ѫܡ
һ̣һѪɫϡ
䡱һ춯صľ졣
ѪɫѪһѶ߳һµŵŵĵ˳ԶȥͬʱһѪ󣬲ǿվΡ
ãȷѪ֮Ĳ˴ʦӵеֻôһ˿ҲѾڲ֮ˡ֮ڣɷһǬ⣬ѾΪˡڸƴЦ


86 
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߳һ֣ɫ΢΢һ
ʵˣȴ࣬Դλʦ㿪ʼҹϰȵ֮ʱӦҲӲʵսˡһָò꣬΢Ц˵
Ժ߳Ͱλʦˡ߳λһȭ̬Ϊ
ңܰϸʦܵæҲֵܵҡˣҵæһ
ˣչ˳ʱ䣬ҲˣȻȥúϢɣŹе˵˼󣬾ʹȥˡ
߳ڹź󣬾͵ԭϥ£ĿϢ
֪˶ú˫ĿԱߺȻһ˫۴ֻԲꡣ
ԭʦ֣Ȼ㼱٣淢ʲôҪ֮𣿡߳һݺĿһʵ
ʦܣȷһ飬Ҳ֪ġۻԥһº˵˵
ǲǺйصġ߳Ŀһ󣬵һ䡣
ʦô֪ģۻ겻Ϊ֮Ȼ
ٺ٣ɢ޳ûʲôۣйػԥ֪δģȻֻˡ˵ɣʲô飿߳ٺһ˵
ǰ洫ϢҽʦˣѾ˻Լۻһº󣬲Ż˵
Ҳһͽ޸ˣӻǲСǻΪԼͽͲù˼ˡʲôˣҲ뿴˸ǹҿеŮˡ߳һ⻰ɫһмɭ˵
ǰ׼ҵһа״ĵӣ˵ҲǺ͸ʦһŵµӣڰ˾Ӥһ¡ۻ꼱æĻص
״죬µӣ룬ţɣôһˣҵǺҡͬһطʹߴڵġûǴĻֻһӰɡѾа֮ãҪңʦˣһµӶ޷㶨ԹԵ˵Լˡֺ߳һһмֻȻ˵
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˾˵ģ߳ɫҲЩˡ
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˼ȻʵʹʦܿҲɿڰɡۻȴЩ
Ҫ˵ĻͲˡûǴĻȿҪǩ״һʧɱֵ飬ڴʱҲǲûе顣ȻЩ𷣣ҵĵŵݣϳͲɡ߳⻰ޱĻص
ۻԣһֻܿеǣ߳Ŀ⣬һ˿ɫˡ
սŵʱĸ߳壬ԸΪ˶֮ģԴŴȥһչؿһٳȻΪһ¼ͽڣԸȴͬڶһ㣬Ψںദʱ򣬻ܱźԭһ޶С
ۻȻ֪ʮа˾źŴڸ߳ĹйأǰԸԱȾ޴£Ȼʱʱһɾ㤸о
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֪˶ú󣬲ԶһС·ͻȻһӰԶԶĳ֣̫߳ˣʦ֣ĳˡ
֮Ӱ˷ɿ̼͵˸߳ǰ¶һŽ绨ӣľϲ֮ɫ
飬ôˡ˵ҳ֮Իȥġ߳һǰŮ֪ôؿһȣѿڵ˵
ҲǴʦ֪صϢ̫磬ײҪѵġߣ㳤ʱûҪúõˡһ·ۺͷ˵һסֱۣ߳߶ʮһľȥˡ
߳Цһ󣬾ŮΪ˾ŮߴߴĻУԶȥˡ

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ڰɭɭţͷ­֮ϣһƮƮվаһȭͷһɫߣ˫ĿԼâѡ
ݼʦ֡
ϲʦ񹦴ɡ

ɽڴȻѾۼ˰ɷһŮӣһӳ֣ȫϲĹʩ
λʦʦãɡһδȵһضɷһ䣬¾޴ǼȻһȵ棬һ죬ɽΪ֮һΣǡꡱһƾմмѿһϸѷ죬ܺꡱһһڝ쫷統ضΪ֮ɫ䡣
ɷһӼˣ֮£Ȼϲ񣬷׷ٴιʩ֮ʲϡ
ĳһҪúüʶһˡȴ죬Щ˵

ɽһֱٲ£һ֮ͭɫĹͷӣȻУƾৣȴ˿
֪˶úȻһ𣬻һȻһȭһ
䡱һ
һֶ˲仯ΪһɫƥĳȻһȦһս󣬾ٲһ½أźɫƥһأͷһ°ԶԶȥһɫһ
ڤǾڱҷ֣ɵһκĵӵĵһҹδزһġͷ̧˫ֿһ󣬺ȻһЦ˵
Ц·һ㣬ֱٲ΢΢ζѡ
ʮһľ۴Զ߷ɳ۶̼͵ɽǰһ¡
һӰ׷ڿն£һɶȥˣȻС
ǰ״죬׵ѣ
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87 Ӱ
ǡ
һǰ꣬ʮӣŨüۣĿ࣬мӡ
½ݷͼʦһ׵һģڷʦ֮ѶƵĶ˵ţͳһУصĵ˹
ĳˣѵȷǸڷǰ֮ˡһ»ȻɫһɵĽӹУһɫʱһϲ
ǰΪݷһָʦȻʱƳ˴һնʮ˵
࣬ǴϾ̫СʦҲһʧ߰˴ΣƳһöԼʣϾ͹ʦˣԼҲʹˡɫһ˵
ȻֶԭƲף˿ƳҲͷʦˡһȭЦݵĻص
ǺãĳˣͲڴ˶ˡͷ߶°Զˡ
ѹסһ˿˷ܺӤɽȥˡ
һٷͻصסһϥ£ͽǰǸһöٴһ
кȻһɢɭȻɫϸ룬ϸ쳣ţëһ㡣
ǰӲëƳһ״Ȼ֪жٲ϶ı꣬θԲСġ૵˵䣬ͽɫϸһöǰһš
ԭݷнǼ̺󣬵õʦǶʮëȫ˶ԷЩëϵĸһ
ֻҪƳһʣϾȫʦϵıꡣ
ʦһҺ޵ëһڴӦ˴£ԡ
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ھ˳ʱ䣬ԷȻöƶɵֱ˹
ſڳɫϸһžȥ
ϸ˲佫һʼ΢΢ͣ
ʮָѣһ
ۡһ
ɫĴϸֶһ󣬾ͻΪ㱡첻ѡ
ȻֻؽƵƷڵ˵ȴ㹻ˣͽ㡮Ӱ롯ɣϣȥӰΣδ⣬зһ䣬ʼ
պڼ˱Ӱһؽƣָ䣬ֻ΢һӣһƼ΢һš
ǽϵӨһʹ˶һɫС㣬ɿڻ̼仯ΪȭͷСһں׶ͬʱеһɢ
Ӱ벻ȥ٣Ȼ綾ޱȡ

Ӥɽɽһڣһɸߵľ޴¯ǰȪࡢյվڸȫɫصдʲѡ
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лʦͶλʦʹδȶñһ̫ǰ֮СʯҲ֣ϣĵ˵
Ȼħʹ͸㣬ȻǾ֮ˡԭҲһѡϧŸոս׵ͽ˶̫٣ʹܽ­Ҳڴȡ̫ǰεġҲ˹˵
ӾṼλʦĺʯٴγĵ˵
ˣɡħͷ­ҲŸոյ֣ҪʱϰϤġڵȿʼһֱڴ˵أλʦԶָġȪ¶֮ɫ˵
ʯȻĵͷǡ

ڹһĳСУź˫ۻİ§ɣɫ쳣ǡ
ҲҪĵӵλã֪˶úɲһ̧ףһ֮ɫʵ
ţϴνڤأðղɼֶ˴۲Ƴ鵤Ϊ˽նõģʮͽڵԭͲ̫࣬ҲͲ˵ӡд˵ĻŶں˶һΡһʦҲûɷҶһˡźȻĻص


88 ̫
ЩҩȻԷвСãº󻼿ͬġʵҪںĵÿǰΣ϶ֻһŵġʵڵģһ㡭⻰ӵ
ģһĲУҲ̫ǿԼġһΣһĻȵŷпҲ뵽ͽںǵ鷳ֻ󣬻ھͲһǹϵʽºһĻͺˡźҡҡͷ˵
İ֮һ˵Ҳֻܱ첻ˣȻĬĬһ

ʲôʦ㽫ԻͽˡŮЩԾǰİ׷ˡ
ȾҪʼˣΪʦǰһʱһƽ֮գǲ㵢СΪʦĳϣŲ׹ΪʦͷҪñ֪ɷһǬС⣬Ӿ׷΢΢һЦóһɫСŮС
лʦʹͣһṼʦ񰮵ģڵأĽӹ˺ɫСӡ

һɽ֮ĴУǮʦŴԵţ֣һƻڶƲѡ
ԱߣһŮţλʦ塱

ڰһǶߵɽУһӰȺлȿڶţ֮ж߷׷׵˶ܣм΢˵ЩģһӴ˲䣬ͷ׷һĵж
ЩȻЩ߻Ҫ֡

ڤУһƬŨܵĺɫУһӽȫ´ȫ֮УֻһŸɰͰͷ­档
ͷ­ݣҲ֪ڴѾ˶á
ٹһСͷ­˫Ŀһ¶һâ֮Ŀ
ǿϧʬ֮廹һЩʱɡҲ㹻ˡǬţν̫һλͷ­૵˵䡣
䣬һ±ѶмһںӰһھݵڷ¡¡ȥÿһ¶ø΢΢һ·ޱһ㡣

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̫ýѿеӶɽˡżΣĴʹһʦɫʯɽһɶȥ
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ʱѾվĳһʯ̨֮ϣĿһɨһһСıƽשһɶ
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֮һһĴָϸһɶһ󣬾ǰ
һָٳһ㡣
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ʱһվ̫µʦҲĳһġ
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ЩһβμӴȵµӣ׷ףЩ޴һͳѡ
վĳעĽ䴦ͬűд֡
ɫˣȻǡǬ˶ġ
ˣĿ΢΢һС
йءǬλϽŵӴʦֵ֣Ȼ˵ˡ
˵߾һͬʱͨɷʬ֧μӹϴȻȡò׵ĳɼأڲ˶ΪΪʦʮþȵ顣
Ǭȡ㹻Դڹȥ䲢δѡͻʦһֱչز֪ĳ뽫ĸοѡͻʦ硣
һλǬµȻԵԽأʹɷ֧УҲв˶ʮƳ硣
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̫ǰ֣ǵμӹŷصϽǰʮӣʣµУΪѾʮԶ̫ȡ֡һȴͽ磬ѾΪʦڣȴԶ֮С
油ǰʮӣȻǰ̫油ϵġ
ҲֻǰʮĵЩ˽⣬һЩ˺Ŀͳ·Թ˵һɨȥ


89 ȿʼ
Ƭ̺˸װףĺ󣬲ŽĿһŲʯɽӾۼɨһ顣
ȻЩʮϵϵӣվ̫Զطľۼһ𣬲ֳȺָָͣе۸ͣ
ЩҪμӴȵӣɫȻżЩΪ֮ɫ˷ܣԾԾԵı顣
ҴҿһһЩΪϤ粢վһĶźɶˣʯˡ
ȻɫһеҲעԼתһȥ
ֻһӴӵУ˾һӹ󣬲ɫƿĿ⡣
ˣ΢΢һת
ʦ֣ԭοɴҲ̨һԣ󴫲һ죬һŮ˷ܵʺ
ЩȻһתףֻһһŮ˹ѦɽСٻ
ʱѦɽıǰһЩСٻҲŮһɬ
ɫܣȻϵ͵ʱѾȻͬˡ
ԭѦʦܺʦãлĻĳȷ̨һԵġ΢ЦĻص
ʦһǰѾ׵ͽˣڵĻطۺ񣬲μӴȻҲûϣڱԼֵġϾͽڵĵӣܻ˵ġСٻҲЦ˵
ŮϴСʱҲ׵ͽڣʱ̫̣ȻҲܲμӺĵġ
ߺߣһŵҲĵΣǻٶ˵ɡһһɫߵ꣬˹ĳ˵
ףԭϯʦ֡ʦϴξѾúĵӵϯλһο϶̫ġѦɽ⻰ԭһŭһ굹˫üݺ󣬲ǿһЦ˵
λϯʦǰСжֹľӤɽϵ֮һչֵʵǿϵӼҲֻʯλӤʦ֮µģѦɽµҲһֱȡӸµ̬
ü˵Щʲôʱһһһ
ߣ˭˵ŵӣͿ϶޷̫϶λõġ
ѦɽСٻһȥȴӲ֪ʱ˸ɫĿšϯʦ֡
㣬Ҫǹʦ㿴أԼ֮ø㣬Լָ㣬˿ͽڣϯʦ֡һ㣬˿еļޣݺݵ˵
˵һź󣬾ռɽдԴȻԶѦɽ˸ӿɶˡ
ߣúηΪ˭ͽھ𣡲֪ϯʦֵ˶ã˾ģЦ˵˿Էӵӡ
㡭
ϯʦԴŭһʱ䵹֪λظԷʡ
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ϸһ΢΢ЩȻԷʯλӤɽʦ֡
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ȻʦȻ޲֮񣡡ɫһݵĻص
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ѽᱻ¯ˣţһЩ෴Чɵȷ쳣ֵ顣źüͷ˵
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˵߳ڴԶԸʦܣһ
αԳ֣˳־㹻ˡźһ۸߳屳ıۻ꣬Щɵ˵
翴ֻðʦ˳δȣԱˡ˼Ļص
žһΣɾǿֻ֮ϣʦ޷̫߳һҲûгֻˡźҡҡͷĻص
Ҳֻϣˡ˵ʦܴ㾳磬ҵҪϴεġ¶ĵɫ
Ҳ㣡Ҳֻ뽫ȳ𺣶ѡźȻԼ԰ο
ʱ̨ڵȼľŵǰһ
ʱѵѾʼ
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ЩʯɽڵȻһɧ
ӿֱʮʦֱȵʮʯ̨Ĵ
һ˸СϷ׷׻Ϊһ˸Ĳʯ̨һųһС
Щʺں֮ɫϷֱӡһӲӷţֱŴһٵһȲͬıǡ


90 β
ڵӣ򡰺䡱һ̷ֳʮȺֱ⼸ʯ̨Χ˸ˮйͨ
Ȼļʯ̨ΧӵȺ϶һЩ
ΪȹսһʼȻĵӱսˡ
ಡಡ֮
ʯ̨·һڿնһںĵȫվԼ֮£һɫ죬Ϣ˲Сӡ
ϣЩ̨̾˷׷ֱָҪս֮ˣи̨һ¾ͬʱ̨
ִ̨ʦһһЩ˺ͶǩЩʯ̨Ͳúõķ
һӨӨĻֶЩ̨ȫ¡
һ˫˫־Щ̨ϻʩٻʼˣƬ̺󣬾Ļ˵󾪺
δЩֱ̨ߵ˺ĵӵʮһĵһ̨ǰ
̨ϾĵģǸͬ˲ˣвһ߿̨ϵʮĵӣһ̨µʲô
˵һβμӴȣȻҲҪǰʮ֮жһϯ֮λܲμӺӶͼıԴͺôܸڴԲ硣
һĿ֣ȻǰʮĺĵӣԼͬеսˡ
Ŀֻ̨Χһɨ̷˸߳塢һЩϤףԼһЩĵӡ
Щһڴ˵أЩޱ飬Щȴ΢΢ЩȻ֮ɫ
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λеڴʦ֣ϥ·˫Ŀϣƺһж޶ԡ
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ĸһĻŮӣǰʶСǮǮʦ㡣
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Щɫȴˮ𲻽ԽԽ֮£棬޷ֺ
ŮӼˣɫЩˣȻһдһָ滺һָ̧⴦ʱóѪ


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ͬʱڸķɲ棬Ҳһ֮µͬʱҲݺݻжβ棬䳹ױС
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Ƚʦٴηųɳ©ʱһܿʯ̨ھŵĺĵӡ
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ͬһʱ䣬Զе̨ϣź͹ȪһʣʦҲղһսοС
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ʦ֡һۣвƣƺʮֲϵӣ˿ͬɫĻص
ԭˡ⺢һֱԼͻȻ֣Ҳһ˵뷨ϲʦ֣˷⣬ʮйֿһˡһĿˣҲһЦ˵һλʦ壬Ҳ常
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ʦ˵ЦˣȻʲϾǳܷǰʮ˵飬ǶβĶ֡Źʦһʯһƺչزʦܵǰµһ֪߼ǷʲôϵһʮӣҲһЦĽӿˣһתͻȻ˲ԶĹȪϡ
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й飬Ҳ˵ˣһֱûйϲʦܵġ˵ʦܹ˲ϣܾˡĪʦд㣡˻ƺͬȤЦݵʵ
Ȫüͷһ壬֮ɫػصʲô㣬ǽ˲ϴһѡʯһһչأҲΪϤѡ
Ȫⷬ˵İ٣ȻŰɣȴϲһ󣬾ͻһתڵһ̨
˿̣սȻֲ̨׵ĸ߽׷ÿҪɵĹؼʱ򣬾ͱһǷ״˺ʩһ֮󣬲öٹʲôڷһ·ɵĵزˡ
Ǵ֪߽׷ʩչҪʱ̶Ⱦǰø߽׷ǲ֪顣ھźĵӣһݼ̵꣬ΣЦһ˵
̨˼ΣҲвЦ
λսȻΪף鶼֪Ȼӹߺ̫һЩ
̨սڽʦʤܺʯ̨ɿʧȺвˡ
ʵͬʱ߽׷Ѿǲˣǲһ̨˵Ҳлܽĵ֮еġֻ˶ֶѣʦܲͬɡڿһ̨ȥսǰʮĽʱһĮĻ
ôʦ˵𣡡˿⣬ͷҲתĵص
ŶʦܹȻǴˡȻƺңǷŹġѵʦ֪ܲʹͬʱţλ͵ҲҪλߵӳƺʦֵģ
˵֮Ǹ߳壬ԱߺȻվ顢ۻ꣬ʯ򸾵ˡ
鿴ɫЩӣۻЦ֮ɫʯȴޱӡ


92 ׵֮
ʦܾԼλҪߣڻعЦЦ˵
ѵ˵״ӣֻͨŵӣôҵĵλҲԶڰʦ֮ϵİɣ߳岻ɫʵ
𣬰ĳԴ˻治̫˵ڴڼ䣬вӶƽƽɲ÷𱰵ġʦܲ᲻֪°ɡ̾һ·ɸֵӡ
ߣ뵽ʦܻݣˣСúʲô㣬ֻٸһλᡣھдһ˻ǰһУҶԵûȻңڵġǲȻĻδһ̨ͱԼȥˡ߳ɫһ˼֡
˻飬ȻдֻҪʦҼߺġһĻص
Ҹ˻飬ǲܵģɫһ䣬Щҧгݵ˵
¾ûа취ˡȻȢҲûжȤΪ׼ӵܶԼҲΥġһ̯ҡҡͷ˵
㡭ŭ֮£˵ʲôһԵĸ߳ȴһֵĴĻֻǶ˵Ҫ޴࣬ȻѾ˾Ҳ˵ʲôˡһҸ棬ҪΪ˾죬;ܺһϳˡ飬߰ɣͷ΢鷳ЩȻ׿˵˻顯ֵġ
һ˵⻰߳嵱飬˾ʹת뿪ˡ
ȴֻĬĬվԭؿż˱Ӱʼû˵ʲôĿȴƾնһ˿⡣
ڲ֪һɱ˵߳ȻֵĺǰȻͬˣֻҪʦẦ¶Է
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ǱԼ쳣һʧֽԷлˣƺҲһԭµ顣
е˼ţٴת̨ϵļұԡ
ʦ֣߳ЩìܣҪĻһ𣿡
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Ȼʦ˵ˣǾɡ⺢ӻЩǱʦܽ뺣巻еõǿҲгһЩġȪüͷһ˵Ļص
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⵱ȻΪ˶εսȨĵʧܺҲսԵʡ
ǵһ̨ϣа˾սȺ󶼱ܺ󣬺Ȼһһ׵绡һһ۵Ӣ꣬һ³ʯ̨֮ϡ
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޺ֻǰȻһȣһݵľʹУӲˤ̨ϣҲ޷վˡ
ڣӲĻ˾޺
ӾȻѾ׵֮˵زһߣ޷˶ʱھͷ׵繥ġ̨ϣ˾
Ǻǣûʲôֻ⺢֮ϵȷЩ֣µġһմ󺺣Ȼ˵ǫ飬еһ˿⣬Ȼ˭ĳ
Ȼû˵ʲôͬȻɫ
ȪŮӵҲЩݡ
ʱʯ̨ϣʦʤҡڵߵʮ£
ʯ̨¾ȻһƬž
ھͻǰʮĺĵӣôҲ̫ˡ
һЩӿ̨Ŀ⣬󶼳η֮ɫһЩϵȻĶǲҪλӵ˼
ŷŮȻ˷ܣĿ˿еĳݺ֮⡣
׵֮Ȼ£ۻҲһ૵˵
ʦַģ׵֮Ȼ鴫ǶҵĻȴʤģȻӦ֮ġ߳ƺ껰еĵ֮⣬ȻĻص
ʦܶˣҲһ˵ѡۻԣɫ΢΢һɡ
ʯ̨ǬҲһۣȴ˿ûеӡ
طͬҲڷ׷ʵɫ졣
ԶԶµĿѣҲ֪˼š
ȡʤһЩʵǿӣҲ׷׳ˡ
˸ոջ⣬ھŵڰ˵ĵӵλúܿͱսȡˡ
ûãЩºĵֱֳսսʤٱֱ顣
һʼͱβõĵʮλãһʱûóȻսġ
ǰĵӣû˸ȥǵġ
ڴڼ䣬ֳȥ˼ʯ̨Ͽ˼ֵۣڰʮŵĺĵλϣȻѾźλռˡ
ŴӡĹһŵӣҲ˵ڶʮĺĵϡ
˾λ鷳ɷӣվʮ֮£һŨ֮Ҳû˭սӡ
ϯʦ֡ǵȼӤɽʵǿͽڵڷ׷׳ֺͬվ˿ʯ̨ϡ
ȻոսͽãҲռ˵ھʮĺĵλϣһֱۿѦɽСٻˣĽѡ
һͽڣһͽڣȻ̨ԵͷһΪ̨¼š
ʯλӤɽʦֻ֣ڵһڶʯ̨߶Σۿս⣬ʼûгֹ
Ӽת˼Ȧ󣬺ȻԼƺûпŮ
ִȣŮܲμӵġ
ЩаٴѰһ󣬺ȻͬĽ
һ˼󣬻𵱳ʽϴŮȻͬʱʱЩȻˣʹ˷Ѱҵͷ
ʱţһʱھʹ˵Ĺȥˡ
̧׿˿ɫʱʱڴһıԽ
ʯ̨ϱȫֹͣڵڶС
Χʯɽһɢ¶˳ڣеӶʱһɢķ׷뿪סʵʵ
ڶһʱ򣬵ڵŵʦٴγʯɽϵʱ˵ʲô̿ʼˡ
ҲΪѾдӳֹԵʣԭһֱ뱣ʵҲ̨ˡ
һЩʧȥԼĺĵӣҲͬʼ̨μս
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վڵһ̨£ЩȵĿʯ̨վһ·ľɫŮ
ŮӱԿʼʱһֱĬĬվԭزһ£ֻͫеϹתĿŲԶĶ֣ոճΪߺĵӵꡣ
չֳ˾ʵҲȻԭȵĺĵӣ˿̵ֳһںĳֱӾɫŮݣĿȴȫһƬãȻֻ΢΢Ĳͣ
һյ蹤Ȼˡһ°ĭĵزˡ
ʤ
һʧ󣬽ʦɵĴ
ɫŮȻûҵ
ȷһʼŮ˿ûеĳֵһ̨ϣһֹ֮ʽȡߵĺĵλá
ⳡԺеһ˸ǿĿɿڴ
ʹһʼޱǬɫŮĿ⣬Ҳһ˿֮ɫ
ʦܣ⺢ӵ֮ڿʼˡڵΪ磬³ǰǼ˿Իջ֮˿¶ҪٶӰġʩչģǴ˵еͫɣʦöʵڲ⺢ӽɷһȻû顣
̨ϣſսĽ͡
Ǻǣ⺢ڿһǬ״ӣʦҲϲޱȣȻȫ̵ġԣЦݵĻص
ߣǽѾͷǹһ˵罫̵ĸӳɫˡŮȴмֲʵ˵
鶼ȥˣʦþͲҪ˵ЩˡǮѾͷҲʾ֮ˣƺϢҲǰͬˣΪŴȣҲ˺־˰ɡżˣæԽˡ
ʦǻ棬ϴδѾȥˣȻҲ㹻ｫһСɾˡŮӿһЦ˿û͸¶ԼӵǺ
ҡҡͷ˵ʲôʱ򣬺ȻԱߵλʬŵĻߣһ¾õøƷҲ޷ִѵüƷɵġ
Ʒ
һ⼸ۣʦһæ˳ŻĿһȥ
ֻڶ̨ϣһĸߴ󣬼ͭĹͷ󺺣һųһִɫƥһУЦһ㽫ƥ
Ƭ̺󣬾ͨ죬ֻܼæڵ䡣
ʦʤ󣬹ͷ󺺽ɫƥһնߵʮŵ£ģϥ¡
ܣȷǼƷƶɵġǿϧǿǼƷȻȵͽˡ
̨ϣմ૵˵ʹϧɫ
ŵʦҲĿ˻һۺ󣬴ͬĿϧ֮ɫ


94 빂
ƷȶʹЩʦ˵Ҳǿϡ֮õĺˣ˵ܶһƳַǳõԵҩ
˵ʲôѾˣ
ȻѾǾҲ޷ԭġ
ˣƷƳɵ˵Ҳϣǰʮ֮еġʦ̾һмֵΡ
˼ˣֲһЦ
˵ԼƷΪʬһɽλʦ֣Ȼһˡ
ֻüƷҩõȴǰ޷ʵٵġ
˵ʲôѾˡ
ʱţһʱ佥ȥˡ
һ̨սߣȴʼϡζɳ©ʱ֮󣬲̨ġ
Ȼʱ˶ļұԣս̫ǰʮѾûжˡ
ʯλӤɽĴʦ֣Ҳûѡһ̨ս粻֪ʲôʱս˵ڶ̨ĵӳɹռ˵ʮ
ʹʱ߳ʼų̂ʱʱߣͼȻԶˡ
΢΢һЦӡ
ڵһ̨սʧܺ󣬽ʦٴηɳ©ϸɳʶ̶֮ʱų̂ս
һ£ȫ鲻ԽЩ
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ϸɳһʶ£ϰɳֻʣķ֮һ֮һ˷֮һ
ԭĸ߳壬ɫ΢΢һˡ
ٹƬ̺˿ɳ©ֿ˿վԭûκζĿ״֮ɫˡ
ʦܣٺȥˣС֪Ĵˡʦһʱ䣬ɾͲϴ̨սˡСӿǹҪһǰʮսȨԱߵıۻ꣬ȴȳס˵
ҲţˣҲμǰʮսһֱȥ߳ȴˮ˵
ǸʦܣԴǰʮ̨һֱȵһ̨ս̨ġʦܿɲȥˡҪǲμǰʮսԼʦҲ޹ġۻۿɳ©ϸɳֻʣʮ֮һӣΪ˵
߳⻰Ҳ
ʦ֣ΪһСֵġˣλʦԸˣҲǰʮʵɣҲ̲סĿˡ
ʵڲУսɡҵʵȻ޷Žǰʮǰʮܹǿġۻͷ˵
ҲãֻˡҵȷʦʧġСʵãʦֶԸҲ㹻ˡܽǰʮսҲºûнֵĻˡ߳ۿʯ̨ɳ©ϰ벿ֻ֣ʣһ㱡ϸɳһҧ˵
˫΢΢һΣͻΪһӰĳʯ̨ϡ
߿̨żΣ¶һ˿Цݡ
ͬʱҲһЦ
Ҫսʦ֡߳Ŀǰ漸һɨ˵
ҪսңܺãҲ뿴еĵкο֮վڵºĵӣһͷľڵ꣬һ⻰ɫվ
Ϊ̫ǰĵӣǰĵǬһ㣬ʼû˸սġ
ʦܣûǴĻ⺢ӣƺһܳĵӰɡЩ̫ȤһֱǷͽϵһɡźȻһ䡣
ţ⺢ӵȷ޵ǵ걾һλǰµĹ֮Ҳ֪ϴδȵʱΪսӴ֮ãֻǿһδܽǰʮ֮У˳ʱȥˣ޽ӦøӲˡλӴһʦ壬ЦһĻص
ţ⺢ӾȻ֮ɼҲʵڹ˵ġϧڲǰԽΪ޷ָ̫ġЩϧ˵
ֻܿԺԼ컯ˡʦҲмεӡ
ʱ̨϶ǩĻһ֮󣬴ս̱
ľ굥һͳһ糤ĵɫľһףһ֣һɫһɶһŵûľӰ
ʱ˽һһööɫĴ渡ֶ
ٵһ߳һľȻһģһƾղӰ
ֻ߳ǰղһǿľ͹Ȱһ¸ֶ
һ֮£붼һһƬѪһ
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·һ̣ͽ߳һն⽴
ƾ֮
̨·ۿһڵӼΣͬʱڡ
ǡৡһ£ɫò԰ޱ
ơ
ҫ۽ȴһһһѪɫȻСĿǾ
ЩϬ֮ĽһնѪɫϺ󣬾Ȼ·˾ְķ׷һٱѪȻһȥ׾ͷױѹ
顱һ
߳ѪһһֱһģһѴЩ齣ץһ糤ĵɫС
ԶľΣľȻɫȻ޴棬֮µ˫ѡ
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߳ˣȴ¶һ˿мɫһϵȻһꡣ
Ѫ£ɫСâһ»Ϊǿڵɫľ
ͬʱľȴɫһ׺Ȼſ³һžѪ˱ήҲ
߳Цһľһףֱ˹ȥ
䡱
һΣľ겻ȸ߳߹ͼæЦһ
ֹ̣Ųһ˲顣
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ΣͫҲ΢΢һ
ʦ֣Ȼܵȷʦյ٣߳⺢µģʦ忴Լһױܣϱˣ֮󣬲һļæʵ
ѪеĶȷʦóѪ֮ɡ߳廹ûнʦԪ̬ɷģʬһĻʦ֣һҲʵ
ȪʦȻ֮ͬɫ
λʦ̫ܲԾ֮߳£ΪϴʦԼ⺢Ӻ󣬲ʹ͸һѪŲŲæĻص
Ѫմԣһ
ʦȻûնɱͷͨԣҲǿֶ飬ǵõ˼ԾѪġƵ˵


95 ţС
һ⻰Ȫڵ˶ˡ
˵ʦֶϵһ˿ѪѪӲɵˡһѪʹҵ˵ϡ֣һͽǾв˼Чһ⵹ֵ̫ˡʦԸʦֶΪˣ򲻻ʹرˡ૵˵оȻһ˿Ľ֮⡣
Ȼʦֶһ˿Ѫ֮ȻǬҲ̫ԶģʵŽȵǰ֮ˡҲĿ˵
Ǻǣ⺢ȻǰӵϾŻǳʦֶȵģֻҪܱҾͺˡ룬΢΢һЦ˵
ɫ죬Ȼᵱġ
ʱ·һ̨ϲȽʦɳ©һ˻ʯ̨ƽ˵Ӥһ״죬սھŵʦ֡
Ȼ˵һ̨
ովڵµĸ߳Σɫһ
˼ˣɫ΢
Ǯ￴̨мӡףȴЩԾˡ
ʲôǴӣʦܣûǴĻλʦֶȻܹɽһŵӣӦֻ֮ɣʲôΪˡ̨ϵſĻҲ΢΢һת׳һ䡣
Ҳ̫ҺʦܼǰʱһֱΪǿæµδעӵΪϴСʱƺͽġȪȻӳԾһ˿ɵ˵
ȻμӴȣҲû뵽ֱսǰʮĺĵӡ
ţڿǰǰ˵ıԣ̨̫ԴˣӦʲô̡ǹҿһɡŮʯ̨ϵȴһЦ˵
һʦ壬ʯ̨ϵҲ¶˼ı顣
ԭ⣬һ˵ҲЩȤ
ʱռݺĵӵھŵ粻̫ԭȵӣǻһꡣ
İСòۣǰУȴֻ˱һܷųһĺɫ죬һּӽɾĻ׵Ļ˶֣ʶ˭ҲСƷֺġ
˿̣սЦһվߵʯ̨Ĵ
ʦԥͳƣö˷ֱ¾Ѫٴη󣬷ų˷Ļ
սʼ
ɳĻĽʦ˵ȻⳡԲôá
Ͼʵ̫һЩһŵӣָȻֵڴġ
վʯ̨ϵ꣬ȻҲͬ뷨Ƿһ˿֮ɫ춼ûгֻǿдʣһƿһ죬ĿųȺȻһȵ档
䡱һһƬ¼Ϊһ»ǽֱһȥ
Σɫ䣬ֻһžžĿŻһɢ
߻ǽһʱһֱֻһͭһһģͷһ֣ſһƬããȥ
Ϊ߶˷Ȼ͸յõʱ֮ġ
һ֣Ͱɫ˰Ŀӿȥ
ۡһ죬ǽһӴͱӲ˺ѶĴһӶջںĻϺһ
ֲøսңȻЩ¡ʦֵľһɣ
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ʦֻǽһ׷ҲóɣͲһлõˡ˿Էеĳ죬˵һ䡣
ǲСǵ˵˴󻰰ɡЦץסˣɿζͬʱдʡ
ɲǼ䣬һƻ渡ֶԽԽ࣬Ƭ̼ĹЩͽ֯ԼΪһֱߵĳơ
Ŀô˾˫Ŀ΢΢һУȻһͬĿǰʱе⸡ֶ
ȥ
һ˾΢΢һһ˫ۺݺһӡ
ϵĳƵһХɳֱѹȥ
ͬʱȴһϣȻһ֣һľͷƾո֣һ󣬾ͷеΪһߵļ
ƾ˵Ļƣһ󣬾ʹм䱻Ӳһն
бһ󣬾ͷоһģĵǰٶ֮죬ģ·һ̾Ҫͬһն롣

ɢһֻƴȻǰһᡣ
һ졣
·ݲݰı޴һնΣۿһҪһһж
ʱִȵĽʦȴѴ󾪵Ľһö׼õɫһ顣
顱һ졣
һ浭ɫƾǰҪǰֶ;ͷкݺһײ󣬵Ľ
һСַƬ£Ȼ뵽ϡ
һҽУһס˰ֱӵȥѪָ˲ӿ
ʱȴޱһһöö˲۶ۿҪٳһŶ
ס֣ѾӮˣٶˡ
һͺȴֻ˵һ죬ԭ۵ķо˲ɢ
һ֮£Ȼֹͣʩ
ͬʱĻڲһ֣ʦһ³̨ϣת´ۺ󣬾һ˵
ССͣȻӡˣǲ̫һЩҳּʱСҪһնˡ
ûа취һʩչҲ޷Ƶġ۴΢΢һ򶨵˵
ٺ٣£ҿû˵Ĳԡ浽ʱȷѡಫ֮ʱԭһߵ飬ܴ֮ĵġ۴ȴٺһЦ˵Ϊ࿴
һ֮һЦĲˡ
۴󺺲һζĳԱߣѪֹüͷ΢΢һ壬һһɫһɶΪûС
鴤˼ºǰɸӰѪڵзɿϣֹ̼ͣѪ
лʦȡ
ڻһվΪѪ࣬Ȼ԰ޱȡ
ȥɣѪ̫࣬ڶ˶ˡ۴ȴޱ˵
ǡ
ɫ쳣ѿĴӦһЩԹĿһۺҲֻܴͷɥʯ̨
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ӡ
˿˼飬ͽʮµУµĺֻǬǮѾͷɣû뵽еҲ¡
λʦֶ֮壬ܵİɡӸղųϢѾͽΪˡ
ʦܣ˿ڷ粻©Ȼ˾Ӥһһŵӣ
ڶԭȶʶʦ׷׾ȵ
ʦ塢Ůӡŵȶ֪һ֮ˣͬ⣬ɫ
ڹȪˣվһĴסˡ


96 
ʦܣǬܹӡΪ⻨ʱġǮѾͷˮӡȴμʱնɱһˮ޺ɹȡģҲѾͷ㷢ҪʦԳְѹӡѾͷҲ޷յġʦֶֻһӣġҪ˵ͨ޵õҲ̫˼ˡλʦ֣ЩɻĿʵ
Сܻ治̫ġҲ֪ҺʦʦҲΪ⣬δ״ӵġʲôԵɡȪԥһº󣬲ſЦĻص
֪ԭ򻹲򵥣ǽʦֶ΢ѯһͶˡɷһĳ棬һ󣬺ȻһЦ˵
ⲻ̫ðɡʦүµĽµ۵õκλԵǸ˵飬ҵǲѰʵ׵ġȪɫһ˵
ʦֶˣɲʲôѰʵסҪǰʦֶֻΪߵõʲôȶҵȻʵġӡʵ̫ŹһЩĻһʲôŹֻ¶Ҳðɡ˵ǰʦֲҲ֮߳£Ҳ͵һ𡣡ȴ˵
ȪɫʱЩѿˡ
ʦЩһ˽йȻ֮ͬˣҲвΪȻ֮ˡ
żΣüͷ΢壬һ󣬲ڿˣʦֶΪѾͽڣȻ⼸ȫʱ仨ˣ˵ĻһЩ򵥵ѯʻǱҪġȻʦҲýţҲʲôʣֻһЩʻѡʹʦֶԸشҲܵκδġ
һ˵ʦһۺ󣬴ͬĵ˵ͷ
ȪΣҲֻűӵĴӦȻкγǶ޳ӡͬһ˿֮ġ
ǵһֳ̨һսߵʱȴ˹ȪĴ֮
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ӼΣȻΪȣǽʦƺ͵õԴ˸޶á
Ӱ״죬μʦţλʦʦ
һ̨£̹һ
죬ɡĲȻܽǰʮ֮УֻܼҺʦһº͵ġʦʦЩҪʣ㾡شһɡʵڲشģҲǿġȪЦݵ
ǣһ֪޲Եġɫ򶨵˵
ʦֶȻһ˲ţýţǽֻҪһʵġ´ۺͬ¶һ˿Цݵʵ
֪źλʦѯʺ£ص
ʦֶͽڲٰɣŵͷͿʵ
ǣӵȷǰøոս׵ھġ̹ȻĻص
֮ʱ˾磬ȷǷǳˡ˵ƽӦúܿ̿࣬Ѳʱɡʵ
ǣ⼸ʱ䶼޹ġһڵĳϵ
ƽŻ˶ʱ䣿
û̫ʱ䣬ֻÿ컨ʱѡ
ʦֶղŵıԿӦýɣӡ˰ɡ
ӵȷ˷ӡ
Ȼʱ䲻࣬µģ˫Ŀһ
ʦҲš
Ӳ̫ʦ˼ʾƺһ˿ɻ󲻽֮⡣
ʦֶҪңֻÿ컨ʱȻȻӡԣüͷһ
ӵȷӡġգգ۾ȫ޹ɫ
һ⻰źʦ򲻽סˡ
ÿֻʱھһӡƺһֿܵġմ°ͺĿͻȻһ˿˵
ʲôܣһȻתʵˡ
ҲȻȥ
λĪ˴еǼ޷֤ˣƺһµġմЦ
˵Īʮص壿һĽе
˵ӵв˼Ĵϻ֮۴˲򹦷Զȳ˿ʮϵġϧΪȫ֮ʶ޷κηġǴǻʵڵģǰڻǷţֹɹ̥Ȼƽƽ֮Զƽ˿ɱȵġҸɷΪʮۣٻۣǧֵ֮ġմһ߻䣬һ֣ص˵
ʦһ˵ҲȷһˡĪǰʦֶǴ岻ɣֲĵ϶޷ġʦȻ
ɵӳЩɾͣڲ򹦷ϲġԣȴƺмֳɵ˵
֮ԭ֮壬ʹЩҲģĲ壬Ƶĳδ֪壬Ҳǲܵ顣ϾȻ֪ڶ࣬δ֪֪ٵġµĻЩںͿˡȴһЦƺͨһ㡣
ʦ˵ǣ⺢ĳ塣Ļһж˵ͨˡܺãʦֶȥμӺĴˡҲ¶˼ɫճһЦ˵
꣬˹ȪһۣҲЦݵʾ뿪ų̨˹һٴڿһɶ¡
Ƭ̺»صʯ̨ϣԼϥá
Ͽ糣е˴ʱųĴһ
йԼݺͻؿռ飬Ϊ漰СܣȻõڶ֪ġ
Ϊηٶ֮飬ҲͿʼ˼ڤһܽͨ˵
δ֪˵ںܾǰҺõһڡ
Ϊϧڶصĵ伮֪Щȷ޷ģǰűֵǰ򶨡
ڿȻȫţҲ˳ӦȥѯʣΪ¶Ҳʲô
һͿڴдչ֣ٹ˼ʲôˡ
ŵʱʯ̨ϵıѾˣһսٴαʱ򣬺Ȼָս
΢΢һЦվ̨Ĵһ߹ȥ
һյ蹤ѣһз·Ҫļȥ
һߣһ۵꣬˫ֳһںܣ·ƴֵŷеĹ
вٶȱһпĶ֮࣬ҲԶ֮ͨϡ
ÿһöնϣûξȻһлһڻɫͭ״ȴ޷ӳκһ¡
ְһöɫк󣬡һѶˡ
ʧɫ£붼̴С䡱֡
ۡۡмһһ֮ɫ԰׵ĸҶκһ¡


97 Ѫ赤
Ҫ꺰ù죬Ҫȱظ첲ˡ
꣬Ƚ۴ʤ̨̻ȥˡ
̨¹սһɧҲ۷׷
λʦܺȻƾһַ׻ˣ֪ǷֶΣ
ôͷŵ죬Ҹоôһ㣬Ҳһпɱȵġ
㻹ûɡʦܷѾ˴еĴԲ磬˵ʶжӡ
ӡʲô
⡭ӡ֪ʲô̸ˣԼȥ򳤱һҲ֪ˡ

һ̨˵ɧȻ̨ӵĹעЩղһֱûߵڵӣҲ˹Լѯһ
ף⡭ǰʦҡûɣʦ־Ȼվ˵һ̨ϣǸ첻Ǵھźĵ𣡡ոպͼһͬ߹ֵѦɽĿ⳯ʯ̨һɨ󣬶ʱ״
ԱСٻӤһŵӣһ̨ݺҲĿɿڴˡ
ͬԾģһЩʶڵӡ
ȻģȴЩ˽ٸ
ŮڶźǱ߸ոջһսߺ󣬾һĵ̨һ£һۿ˵һ̨ϵ
һ˲侫֮֮Ŀϲ֪ˡ
ʵ̫ǰʹҲҪǸ߳¯ǷҪһˡ
ܽĵǰ֮УܴлŻԼֶŮǾԻᰲȻģϲһд׵ӹϵ֮ˣܵԼ˵˺
ɴϲʱ򣬵һ̨ûȥսˡ
ʦɳ©ϰ벿ɳһɳ䵱һ̨ս׽
̨ϵʮµӣʱʱڵڶսʼǰκ˶Ȩսˡ
ʦ̨ڶӣȫĽƳĿ⿴ʮˡ
ǰĹʯ̨ʮӣ½붼ڴȽܱǰʮġ
ڵڶսеǰʮĺĵӣҲ̫һǳǰ
ڽʦҲ׷׵̨ˡ
ʦܣΪǾӤˡ
ʦ֣ϲһδУһʮĵӡ
һСӾӤһ𣡡

һ̨ѦɽСٻԼӤɽŵӣΧ˹׷˷֮˵
ȻǫӦ˼䣬ʱһ˹ʦܣ㻹ز¶ҪΪ˷ӡʮ֮ˡ֪ЩĵУ֪ж׼ڵڶսвŻᶯµġҪףǵȽٽаɡ
ȴǸ߳ʯ򸾵ͬ˹ԶԶͳ˵վԱߵ飬Ŀһ˿Ծ֮ɫ
Ȼǰʮ飬֮
ʦܣǲǰʮĵڶս󣬲֪ˡת˸߳һۺ󣬵˵
ãĳĿԴˡ߳ɫޱȣݺݶһۺ󣬾ʹת뿪ˡ
ԱѦɽȾӤɽӣȻ͸߳ìܻˡ
ŵһ̨ıԽ̨ͬҲĵβһһĽս
ȵɫڵʱһ̨Ҳ̨ˡ
ʱŴ̨һɶڿȵĵһֱʼĵӼĽս
ڵһɢˡ
νĽսһӷֳʮݣÿһ˶ǰʮѡһ˽սһݵԿս߽ԭλϡ
һʮǰʮֻս߽սѡ
Ȼ߳˵ǰսвδ£һֽܴڵӼĴ
ȻҲҵ뿪ʯɽصס󣬴úõһ
ûжúȴһŵԺ⴫˵ǹȪȥ
Դ˵̫⣬һ󣬾ʹӦһľ߳ӣڿֱɽһɶȥ
Ƭ̹ͳɽ´С
˹Ȫࡢյ⣬ʯȻҲվһԡ
æǰ
죬öɡĺܺãȻܽڵʮʵڸһ֮ϲˡȪһ΢Ц˵
յҲЦݵĿ
ңҲǽҲ˵ġĻص
ܽңͽΪʹԲܽҲҺλʦ壬֪ڷʣ罫ԴбٶָһʵӦûһġȪЩϧ˵
Ҳڲǰ֪ӡǷǳ֮£һʦʵȻֵʮʵ
㲻õʲô˲Ƿде壬ΪԵɲΪӡֻһ䣬ıְܼռǰʮ֮еġȪڰ֣ɫһʵ
ɲ˵ˡûð̫̫սӻӦ߰˷ְɡĿһ˵Ļص
߰˷֣Ǻǣ⺢ӳ˷ӡ⣬ֶˡ⻰Ц˵
ȪҲ¶ʮɫ
ܺãһ䣬Ը£ҴΪ״ӣһֱû˵յãһھ˵һĻ
ȻԼԤιкôԼᱻյֱ״ӻǴΪġ
ܳΪһʦ״ӣȻ֮õ顣
ȻԸ⣬ݼʦ𣡡
ֻ΢һתͳøΰݣ˵
ܺãɡȻֻȻͽڣӡ˵Ҳһ˿ܽʦġ¼ʦʦһΰɡյüΣ¶һ˿Ц˵
ݼʦʦֳȪ๧һݡ
ʦֶӴǾӤһ״ˣɡȪ΢ȻһС
Ҳһֵ
Ȼ°ݹˣƺҲĵˣӦò׼İɡյͻȻЦ˵
ٺ٣ʦ÷ġȻѾˣȻٲ˵ġų飬͸ʦֶɡǿʱȫ׳˵ܾһСġٺһ󣬾ʹһС׸
ҿûʦ󷽣ֻһƿԴѪѪ赤ȪһЦҲóһСƿͬݸ
ȻϲлʹͣСĵһն𣬵ûмŴǡ


98 
Ȼλʦֶʹˣʦĸʧġһùķ͸֮ðɡյüˣ¶ɫһҲͳһɫЦŵݸ
лʦףǡһӹϸһ֮󣬲мȻ
νķȻһһɫƶɵļڼףͨĳֲ֪˿֯ɡ
ÿһǩӡɫƣֻɫģ֮ϸ۲¶޷֡
ʦãôóˡﵱȹġһڼףɫ΢΢һ䡣
ȪҲЩ΢΢Ȼ
˶ֵֻܵͽҲֻǵõģڵ˵ȴǼˡⶫȻ޸Ҳֻٵֵιͳ׻ٻˡ˵ƽģ͸֮ˡյȴ̫˵
ЩмֵҲͲٶ˵ʲôˡ
˵мµãȻϲٴγл󣬲Ž
ʦֶҸö飬ÿһö൱ڵͽȫһڴʱǲʹõġܲμʱȻûдˡȪʲôֶһ䡣
Ȼͷǡ
ʱ䣬յ󣬾ȥúϢӦԡ
һ󣬾˳˴ڿյɽһɶȥˡ
û뵽⺢ӾȻҲܽǰʮһΣһкܴϣˡȪһ߳̾һ˵
ǰʦֶıֵȷԤ֮ġǰǶ̫һЩʦýΪ״ӣʹһʹԭȰЩԹӦҲɢˡĻֻҪսȻܱǰʮʯʦֶҲսɹĻҵһ϶ȡòɼڴеˡҲ΢Ц˵
յԣһЦĲδӿʲô
׼ôս֣ǰʮ𣿡ȪȴתһԹվʯһ䡣
ʦġ׼սڰ˵λãзħͷ­Ժġʯ˼Ļص
ܺãġҲͷˡ컹֪ʲôʵġðԼҲǧ򲻿ˡȪͷֽĶһ䡣
ʯȻͷǡ
ʦҲСˡʯʦֶʵԭͲûжͷ­׽ǰʮǰʮȻǺ顣Цһ˵
˵Ȼ֪ҲһѡҲȥúϢɡȪЦһʯԸһ
ʯӦһҲ˳˴
ھˣôıԣҪ˵ϻ˵ЩʵЩɡǰıԣȻû¶棬֮ӦҲ࿴ˡȪʯ뿪ɫ΢΢һ
ʵɲ˵ˡǰδȵʵ˵ʦֶʯʦֶǰʮӦúлģһĴȺЩͬ˵֮壬ѵһŵӣǬϵʵӦҲоԣɫҲһ
ˣҹ۲죬ЩδǰʮĵͬʵĴڣֻһֱʵõһ˵ġʯʦֶ˵ͷ­ǰʮӦû̫⡣Ǵ컰ֻдԲķһֶΣ޷סڵյҡҡͷ˵
ţǵĿҲࡣµг⣬ȷûнʮӵȻҲ̫ˣ»Ҫپĥд˿ܵġȪ̾һ
ʦ֣ľЩˡѾˣڽֻ˳ȻˡģҲǽͿԸıġһ˵
յԣ¶ͬɫ
ʦ˵ĶԣһнͿ֪ˡ⺢֮ͽڣǺ顣ϧͽڻЩܵġʦһγֵӴǰˡȪ΢΢һȻһЦˣŻһתȴ
ʦȷǽƲܵģʵڿϧ˰ʦֶڷϵˡҲЩϧ
ɲһ顣Ȼǰӣ˭Ҳ˵Ӿһ޷ΪʦģǱ˸һЩˡܲμŻŽľԴҲȫûƴһƴĻᡣյȴЩͬ
ôԴӲʦĻʦֶȷһ˿ܵġܱסԼд˿ܵġȪĿ΢΢һ˵
˵ףһлҪԽеģҲ૵˵
˵Щ˶ɫĳһʱ
ͬһʱ䣬صеȴǼµõĻɫڼס
ָȥǩȻЩ΢΢ȴʮּӲһ쳣ĸо
һעЩǩƶʱɢ⣬һλðо
ˣ
ȻڸкͷвټǷȴټ֮ģݷоֻȼһӽ
ȻΪԵʣֻٳͽͻ᳹׻ٵ˵ȻʧһؼʱԱ챦
΢һ£ȷûκ󣬾̽µĴãɫۡ
һٿκε쳣
óװųѪ赤дƿֱ򿪸ӵĿһ顣
Ȼǲ϶СöԲ飬ӡ
Ѫ赤ȴʮöСѪɫҩڱһţԼ˿˿֮
ЩѪ赤ȻԴȫѪҲھѪһЩʣԺѪ֮ʢ֡
컹ҪμӱԣȻǷЩѪ赤ֱӴѪʱ
Ѫ赤·źú󣬾ͰĵɵϢˡ
˵һʧܵӡ
㵭˼ţ񽥽붨һȫ֪ˡ
һ磬ǧڵٴһӿ뵽ʯɽ֮ϡ
һΣеȫӵʯɽһʯ̨ܣŵһʦڵ̨Ҳֱʯ̨Ͽհɸߴ
ڶֵľԹӦöѾ֪ˣҾͲٶ˵ʲôˡڱȵڶսʽʼŴ̨Ϸɳ󣬵һ󣬾ٴη˻ȥ
ʱһֺȴ̨һɶ£ʯ̨ϣĿһɨ󣬾΢Ц˵˭λʦֶǲʶǼˡڶֵıԣĳˡ
ߣȻǵؾλʦ塱


99 ս
ȻǸڶִȵʦ
̨һݺȻһɿ켸תҲɫ糣ˡ
һʱһ˸СмӭһεĻΪһ˸Ĳ̨ϣжʮ֮࣬һš
ϷţһʮһٵʮһʶһǾʮʮһʶ
˿̣ŵ˵кĺĵӣڿ̨ˡ
䣬ʯ̨·ಡಡ׼õĶʮڵӵ׷׷ɵ˴Լʶ£ûȱκһˡ
Ŀһ£ڿźˣһʮһڰʮŵλϡ
ܺãȺ󣬺ʮǰʮսһΣʤȥڸ߽ڵͽλϡκûսӼսÿսУÿֻһսȨսʼߵͷ󣬲˼˵
µĺĵӼ以һۺһƾ׳Ӵָ߳սĳӡ
ߵһʱʯ̨һֺһֽʯ̨һ¡
̨ĴΪѾǩʶҲظ£ֱӾһһϺɫȭңңʩ
˵̸ʲôʣһ߲ͣ߶зԷһ߾ͷŸּ򵥷ĸ
ƺ쳣ͱ֮ˣûл࿿˼
һһʱ侹˷֮ս
˵Ȼͷż򵥣Բ㣬޷ƿԷǹˣʩٶָϣ󶼻ᱻԷ״ϻ
ʶ˼ֻǲͣӶʩͲͣܶḶֱ̨́˿öЩ˯ˡ
һٷսץסԷһܲһŻĽԷ˹ȥȻʤ󣬿ϲս˶ֵ·
ߴӿһº΢һߣԼһ£˽ʧ̧ȥˣս
Ҳܵһ˵Ĵ̼ʱ˼ͬʱ˳һ˺Ȼ㡣
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սһѡսһֿʼˡ
ֻ˼ۣͰ̾һ
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˷ʱļȥˣ߳ȺʯɽԵһ˽£ıĿϢˡ
Ȼ޷ʯ̨ϵΣȻǱʱĺȲ˿ûС
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ź˳ĻһսߣסԼ
ٹԣս£һٵʮһ̨ˣ˰ʮʮһʮĵӣһֵսٴοʼˡ
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ʼձŵͽʮ߽ʮսģʽǰļұԣдӶ֪֮δʹսȨֻ̨¶һٴ̨ȥˡ
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ʱԭ˫Ŀһٴʯ̨߽˹ȥ
ȻԤϵ㣬ǰʮǰʮĵӼһ±ü쳣ÿһǰʮĵӶսģʯڵĶʮӣҲչֳǰЩӸĪľʵ
Щʱչֳ˽ӽɾʯһſͷ­Сʯĵ£Ҳͬʱٻͷ伶֮½ɱĽڽںˣչֳһȭͽܶԷı߽⡣
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˾Ҳ״һī溮̳ߣӶ֮£溮Ƭ̼ͽս߻ΪһߺɫòΪ֮
⣬ʮŹĹͷ󺺣⼸֡
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ͷ󺺽ƾк׻ս֣ʵҲԵøĪ⡣
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һ˿ɻ£Ҳмֹˡ
ȻЩμңв汻ȡλãʯͷ󺺵˵ȴǱסˡ
Ӽһս߲ûٻ̨Ϣһʱٿʼѹ׵ʮӵᡣ
ôʱʯ˾˷׷ԭ̷ҩץʱĴϢ
ӣʼ˷ܵ𼴽еıԣЩ˲ᱻսЩ˽ᶪԼ
ἰԼĻﲻ࣬󶼲ԼӣвЦһ
һʱʱĵ˵ʱʯԭĵķҲָĲˡ
߽ʮҲ嵽̨Ϻ󣬾ʮ̨
ԣȻûԥĵ̨ˡ
ԭЦеĿ⣬һߵھµʱ΢΢һĿ΢ϵĻָˡ
߳һʯ̨ú˸棬俴һۺ󣬾Ͷ˵ߵԼվá
һɹ𣬿ٺһһԾԾԱ顣
ʮսڿʼʤʮ˽Ϊʮӣɽʮսսʼ߷ɿ˵ʯ̨һ쵹ȥ
̨ȻĿĻͣվʯʮˣһʱȴû˭վ˵ĿⶼƵƵɨѡ
ɫ䣬̾һ
Ȼн˶ΪսĿꡣ
ҲǺ飬ӱϿҲһ㡣֮ûϷսҲǵǷֶζѡ
ʱ򣬶ʯһˣԥƬ̺Ȼǰ߳һĵӺսھŵİʦܣʦӦʣ
ͬͰĸݣһȴеѣͬʱһխϸιУһվ͸һԶ߰о
ԣ˫ĿһеĴ˶Էۡ
⻰һۺ󣬾͵˵ͷˡ
ˣޱҲ߳
ʱ߲ŵһ̨Ϲٴθֶȫһ£սʼ


100 սһ
վԭδȴԷһսԹȰ㶯ɿ쿿ֱ֣ӽмֲܵһĻ
ʣԷƺĳּĸһԴ˵ȶʱԲ׽ġ
δȴѾʼĬĬָԼʩ
ɣսʼ󣬳һЦ֮һʱΪ֮һʢȫû˽ȥԶԶȥ·һˡ
˹Σһݣ˼Ȼһ
ʱƿ죬ߵлļֻǼ͵˹˽ǰ
һЦһģоȻֱӶ·֮һ㡣
һĻ·ۿ˶һЩ˸Ǿڡ
ȴֻüͷһ壬δ¶̫Ծɫ
ԷղſƲ˼һĻҲƭ۾˫Ŀ
пƶʵɿܿ˶ѣֻΪִ̫ġ
Է쵽ܴݱܹҲΪͷʹġ
ʱৡһ
˽һ³˳һ֮󣬾ûһɫӰֱ˶
飬붼һ꣬һʮмһ̣ʮָֻһȻһööƾո֣һ֮£ٴλΪļ
Ȼ˶ʱڣһų˶ʮȥ
ԶӰֻһζͽȫһһģ󣬾ͳ嵽Զ룬֮·һ㡣
аԾ붼Ȼһһ߰㵯ֱɫ˺ݺһȥ
һЦйֻһʱΪʮһغһ飬һֻһһâ
һֱȻһ̧ͭһһƝǰֶ
Щâһ棬ʱʰžͬʱѶ
ʱһŤ˾һ۵һǰϵ֮ɫԿ
ɫһ˫΢΢һʱ°ˮһȥһȻǰһġ
ۡһ
ǰڹһ֣һ¸ֳһɫܡ
߷ȴԴ޶ǰĽţͬʱɿ켸ڣйбͻȻһ΢΢һӺ󣬾һģûղӰ
һ̣ǰͻȻ죬ƬɫӰһӿֶȫն˺ɫϡ
ֻƬ̼䣬һǶܾʹѶˣû谭Ӱһ
һߣֱһϵͭ΢΢һΣɫͷһֶͬʱһɰããһ
潣Ӱһ֮󣬲Ϊ֮΢΢һ
Ƭ̵飬еһϣȻһ֣һ߳ͷоͿĸֱֶֻһһһš
߷һ޴иֶһݣ˼£ȻȥͬʱйǰһӣһƬɫӰֶ
ڴʱۡһͷһ֣ƬӰһն𣬸һ󣬾ͳ˱һն
߷û뵽ͷоȻ֮죬֮ܿѾˣֻȻǰһᣬͬʱһһеĳŻɫ
䡱һ
߷ֻһϬһһȣоһַɳ
֮޴кݺնǰͻȻһɫʯϣһ󣬶ͬʱɢ
߷ɼΣһֱֻð
ղǽŻı΢˰֣Ҫһնˡ
ͷеʵڻԶڴ֮ϵġ
ʱԶһΣһζĳ˷ɳǿڹиһ̧ס˴˷
߷ɼɫһһתʲôٶʱȴȻһȫΪһɢ
ʵһֶϽҲʱ޹⣬ϱҲľ
ȴû˿ɵģ˵һһööɫǰٴʮö֮ĿֲĿкһҪּ
ñˣĳ䣡
һ˾һķӦϴһˡ
̨ľĶǵˣȫΪ֮һ
һ룬ƺҲǺ顣
߷ǰֵܱ֮ǰȣ붼ǿϽۺйеһܺľһֱУٶȥȻ˿ʤˡ
һ֣״ʤһսȴӿһ£ȻԸһĿɨʱеȻ֮ɫ¶ɡ
΢΢һЦ˵һáһǰо˲ȫɢʧͬʱ̧ӹһƶͻصԼˡ
ӣɫ΢΢Щɵˡ
ȻҲ֪ԲͬСɣõ˳뻯ָͿɷųĵزǴ󳬺ġ
ȻҲ֪ؿռʱ˿޷⣬ÿ춼һʱϰЩʵãʱĸΣ־ز
̨ڶӸ˷쳣׷ĴԲɴַӡ󣬻̶ֳȵĻ
ǬϴδȾͽ˴Բ磬ͬӡͷŻٶƺԶԶСӵġǬԭ£кȻһ
΢΢һ£һתͷ­̾Ϳ˵ڶŵĿݸɱ꣬Ļһ䣺ͷԭǲͬӡȻҲͬʩٶȲԲʲôֵġȻԷƣֵܲܵʦܵͷŵ־޴У˵顣
ߣ㾡ܷġλʦܷǿϱҲƲҵķЦ˵һ䣬ȻɭȻĿ⿴˿һ˵һۡ
̸ⷬȻֻ֪ԭرĿɵϢ
ʯ̨ϣ߷ȴѾǿڹһޱ߻Լλϡ
ͬһʱ䣬˾ɫ仯º󣬺Ȼվ̨ȻĿһɨ˵
ʦܲĻɷдһ
˾쾹ȻսĿ꣬λϡ
ԣٺһ˵Ĵ˳ȥ
߼ˣͷһսʼ󣬾һĻص˹⡣
ͬʱȴѾһһһɫ绡ƶ·߰Χ
˾ΣɫһһжʱһӨĺɫ̳ߣһ˹


101 ս
дʣһ̧֣һָǰһȥ
䡱һ
һִ绡ֱ˾ͷһ¡
˾˵Ľж̳һӡ
ۡһһɺߴһȥ
绡һкһӰ١

ȻѾ˼ԤϣΣǲͫһĽг
ƳһлŴӷйģܿ׵֮˾˵һתͻȻһֻƴĻɫƤһ֮һϼһǰһߺƵĸߴι
һףʮָޱȣ쳣ǳһӲڣһͷ׽ʬ
˫Ŀ̹ϢˣȻһ˿Եĺ
һ˾ɫΪ֮һ䣬Ҳ˼һһɫƤ
һϼһһͷ˫ĺ״Ҳϼһֶ伶ҹι
ֻǴ˹βȴǻ֮ɫһͷ׽ʬ󣬾û¶η֮ɫһ׽ʬ첻ͣ
һſڳͷҹιһžѪȥ
ۡһ
Ѫӭ绯ΪһѪıѶΪѪ˿ķɿҹιڡ
һ̣ͷ׷һ˻βȻһʯ̨˲Ƕ𣬻Ϊߴͬʱβӭһκ󣬻¾ۡһɫĻ
ҹι
˾һĻҲ֮ɫһߺж̳߾ͳһͬʱһһ׽ʬ
̳һ󣬴Ƭֱڵһѹȥδĵ棬һɴ̹溮һˡ
ͷ׽ʬҲһͺ󣬱һȥ
׽ʬ޶ãԹȴ¶һ˿֮ɫַɿһͬʱһ

һ绡н֯Ϊһž޴ֱһӭȥ
߷һӴ䡱һ죬绡ͬʱһ֮н֯
˾ɫһһж̳ߣһɹɺƿ
һߺҲʾĿдʣʮָѣÿһζһ绡һ
ɲǼ䣬̨һǺƹ·ڤһ֯׵纣
ƺòˣһʱ侹ʽ־档
ͷʬһʮԶͱͷҹιԾٶȵһ˶
֮˺һ𣬺ɫͳںһ𣬲ʱ˻͵ͺ֮
˾һԼûжЧڷȴԾٶڷɿţдΪ
Ҫ֪Ȼ󣬵ͽ˵Ҳ̫һЩȥȺľĿ϶Լ
Ƹ۵ĶһУǲˡ
˾ɿת󣬵һҧһһж̳߾һ³ɳڸ߿ȻһԼɼɫڳһš
ȻƷؽƣܹ߶ܾչֶ
˾£ֻһºˮĿӿ
ɫ̳ߵһת󣬻ңңһ
һ죡
Ͽвһ𣬸ֳһֻĺڝ޳Ӱ·һѹ¡
ֻܿһһϢĿֲϢһ½סˣɫһ
ãҵҲƳж󣡡
䣬һоȻһӲӵС̣߳ͷϱ鲼׵״Ĺƣֻ΢΢һӣ˿˿âӿֲ̣ȻҲһҿƷƺںƳƷ֮ϵӡ
Ŀ׹һȻϵ绡ȫһСпӿȥȻ߿кݺһ׶ȥ
һ춯صľ죡
һģɫһֶצ߿һ˶ȥͽɫ޳˺ķ顣
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˾ϵ֮£ɫһ׵һѪͬʱڷֻʣ¶㣬һȥ
ոһȻڷ´࣬һ߿ʱһҪ˾һȥˡ
˾ɫκ󣬵̾һһȭ˵ʦˣⳡ䡣
䣬һĽͷ˺۵׽ʬһٶأһץĽ϶̳һ𣬾мû֮ɫתˡ
һûܽʮĵӣһδȾͻᳬޣȻκεĻˡ
ΣҲΪһɣͬһٻϱ鲼צ۵ıٵֳ߿һС
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׹鳣ʦܾƷֶ벻顣ǼƷֻܷʮ֮һɡ
̨ϣżɫСһն󣬲ЩȻմʵ
µһ׹֮ϣȻ͸ˡͽܷʮ֮һҲ㹻ˡմ΢΢һЦĻص
˾ЩϧˣӵеĺӺƳƷҪǺǹעһľٶ˵һ˿ΪʤĻᡣʵʵҲԽʮ֮еġĿ΢΢һȴЩϧ˵
ʦܣ⻰ʲô˼ĪǾֶӦðһ£Ӧõ飿մ⻰һ
ʦˣд뷨ġֻǾǰʮӵʵжϣԭеġ˿ûжŭһЦ˵
մ󺺺˼Ҳûټ׷ȥʲô
һЦ֪˼ҲЩìܣȻûнӿʲô
Ȫͬû˼Уǫ̈̄ϡ
ǰĻʤȻһ񣬵ĵĻʯע̫Ѫӵս
ʱʯ̨Ѿʤ
ܹսһӣⳡƺƴ󲢶ͺǴһ۽磬ʮ˷ܵ۲ͣ
ڿ˾ͷʱҲΪݣһԼͰ׹ЫȻָֻƽ֮ġ
Ȼûк˽֣Լǿ̽ӦòɫС֮£׹Ыؿռֻſ뺷Ĺɱȵġ
ʱһӢ꣬Ŀдһ˿֮ɫָսߵ
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Ӣһ飬Ľ׼һŽɫһöϷɿһĶȥ
ɲǼһĻϸֶ
ʦã֪츳ͫĪűרŷ֮Ĺġڵ֮壬ҿûжõġӢЦ˵֮ϳһ̝Ůһ߶ȥ
ҵҲǷáɫŮվԭδһ£ֻĿϹȻʢˡ


102 ս
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ӢȴѾ߰Զʯ̨ϽɫȻд棬Ѿ°ĭݻ
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λսһʼʮ㣬ֻ߳˼ܵͬͫӰжٻ
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ҵߵڵλϣȻֿ𣬲ߵĻԵ¡
˹ΣڶڵӶһԵøĪ˼֡
΢һ£˽һ̧£ս
һֱѡսβ棬䲻ûĻɫӰձ˸ʵʵֻ䡣
ʱʯ˳ָսڰ˵һݳªĻꡣ
ǰУٻһͷѾмٹǡεİ׹ħӻͨһűԽһȼùǻΪ׹Уʵʵġ
ǰЩսҲûϴˣֱսһµˡ
һˣ˶̫ʯս
ȶһ˶һ
ʯһʼų״סȫٻ˳һֻв˵ħͷ­
ħͷοһͷ­һֳħͷһ֮£ͽͷ׹ħ˺ѷ飬Ǳɶͣ£ͽԷб׻һա
Ŵħͷһĳ˻ϿգһźƵĴڣͽƵùԹ
̼֮乤ͽˡ
˿ĶӳԤϵʤȻùս֮Ŀһء
̨ϵڶʦһ­ħͷĳ֣Ҳһɧ
ʦ֣㵨ӻ󣬾Ȼҽһӡķ­ħͷھͽʹˡ
ħͷ˰Եҵг˼һս֮⣬˿¶޷ֵɡ

ʦɫ
ʦܣ㾹ȻܽħͷʯǲЩ̫ðʧһ㡣ȱڼھӤħͷʹСķɣһͽˡųһʮصȪһ䡣
ʦַģħͷѾħסħֻ꣬δʹġҪˣҽħͷ׽õġȪ¶ЦݵĻص
ʯȡʤԭŵ
ħȻӷΪϾǳһЩʹħͷвСյġͷඣһ£򲻵ѵʱ򣬻ǲҪô˷­ԵеĺáȻҡҡͷ
ʦַģȥԻӶһġȪԣ΢΢Щ죬ԴЦݻص
ʱȴüͷһҲˣʦֲ̫ģ­ȻޱȣÿʹҪķѴѪġһͽоѪҲֻܴ߶һζѵġ
ߣ벻ʦܶһħ֮Ҳʮ˽ġȪɫ΢΢һˡ
ٺ٣ʦֹˣСֻǶ࿴˼ص伮ѡһЦĻص
Ȫһ󣬲ٶ˵ʲôˡ
˻ɫһˡ
ȻҲ΢΢һɡ
һʮսʯҲֻٶһη­ѣȻ̫Ĵħͷˡ
սȻڽš
ڻδֵļսߣǶԼĲ֮ˣȻӲͷƤϳȻ׷״ܶ顣
һսһΣʮһ󣬾׵һ
תۼʣսУֻʣǽйĹͷһˡ
ֻҪҲսڶִȾˡ
ʱ̨ϻ̨Ŀ⣬ȫһ˹ϡ
ͷվߵ̨ĴĿ⳯һɨĹͷͺٺһЦ˵ĳţ˶ûжʤ㣬Ǿʦָһɡ
սĶ󣬺ȻҲ
ȻѾսΣΪϴսѾϢҷҲûڱ̫࣬ȻܼԾܾġ
һȶԷ޼ɵ۹⿴֮ȴ΢΢һЦҲվˡ
Ȼʦ˵ˣСֻӦսˡ
䣬̨Ĵ˹ȥ
߿еߣһңңΣһ̣Ŀһ˿ɫȴɵ߱Կʼ
̨ϣȪΣɫЩѿˡ
Ȼǰ漸ֲֻ࣬ÿζ׻ʤûжùȫ
ùȪһΪΪ
Ҫڴʱ߳ʮ֮УӤһҪޱȱˡ
͹ȪΪ͵ĳΣ¶Цɫ
·̨ϣȻһʱһִһһغ󣬾ͻΪɫ۰ĽԼʵʵȻ󲱾΢΢һΣȻһճȭ
ɲǼ䣬һ󡰸ԡһ󴫳һ˰ͷࡣ
ŴһЦһðһɹɵĺһ󣬻ΪһɫƵĽ֮ϡ
һ̣ɫ۱ڹתֻûΪһ̵ĺǼףÿһطʵʵ
һſڣһѪһֽһץסֱһĨȥ
˵һĻˡ
ͷͷѪź󣬾һʺѪĹߡ
¶˫ĿڡһűĹԭĴһ±ˣһ㡣

̨˼ʶĵӣһĻһʧ
һ⻰ɫһԼǵԼƺʲôط˵֣һ֮ܽʱԼһĸޱȣ޳߸ϡޱȵġ
΢һתɫ쳣ʼԷһС
ȻһƤʱһɺһһͷϵľ޴Ы丽϶ʱֶһڷͭϿע롣
һһֻʵʻɫֱһ֡
һУȴѾ׷һ˵𣬽ŵȻһȵ棬ͷ·ʯı
˫Ŀһһ£Ա߹Ыһģĵǰһһöö˲両֣΢΢һ֮󣬾ͻΪһⲻͣ
顱顱֮졣
Ĺͷ󺺣ȻЩв㣬ƾһն
ϹǼƺӲޱȣзз׷׷ֻڹǼһϸС׺۶ѡ
ͷֻ΢΢һ٣Ȼдһɶķ
ɫһԼ˵ǰĶܲʣֻһһֺһ߳ͷоͿʼ۶
ͬʱǰͷЫȴಡһΪһӰӭȥ


103 սģ
ͷһȣ̧ȭһһڴֵĺȭͷһ
Ыһֻǰһ
һײϺ󣬶ʱ䡱һͷ·𲼴ĵɳȥ
ǺоȻ̺ĪЫ׵һɡ
ЫµµԶ󣬾ͻȻһĲӰ
Ƭ̵飬ȴѾʩϣһмǵͷоͷļ
顱һ
޴һ֮˲佫һն̺ҲٶΪ֮һ
ʱһٵͣԭֳݺݻһȭȥ
ۡһȭͷϺâһͻȻһǼףͬʱʱֱ˿˿ֶȭһӿһ󣬾Ϊһֻ߳ɫȭһĻ˶ľͷϡ
䡱һ졣
ȭͬʱһ֮һľͬʱ΢΢һˡ
޴âºһ´Ѷ
ɫȭ渡һҲɢ¶˲ĺȭ
ֻȭȻһкۣܺһӿ󣬷ɿֺ
ŴһЦһֻͻȻһץ
ۡһǰһûһֻģĺɫצаɴСһ֮󣬾ͷƿĳһץȥ
ɫһ䣬зȻһ䣬ʱųһ¼һźȫΪĻ˾צ
һ춯صľ죡
ɫצȸͬѩѸڻջΪıѶ
һĻԭʮĹͷ΢΢һȻһͺ̧µݺһ塣
䡱һ
һ𲨴״ʯ̨ƾѿѷ졣
ͬһʱ䣬ಡಡֻʯɽзɳԴֻСһȥ
ǰ׹Ы֪ʱǱĶݵ˴´Ȼһ
ĶղŴ󺺵̤ų𲨣䲢û̫Ӱ˵ûӰ졣
Ȼǰ˹ЫĴڣҲԵ͹
һͷ󺺾˱֮УܣѾˣֻһֽУʱСȴһȥԭǵĺɫǼһƾ˼֡
顱顱
ֻݺݼڴֻСϣǼ׶ʱѿ˼϶·һ̾ҪѶ
ϣһߣһֱֻһһɫƥмֻһͽֻȫ˸ʵʵٷһץɫƥȻغݺһ󣬶ʱһһӿ
׹ЫȻɲģھ˲䣬һĴʯ̨±һֱ󺺴һɶȥ
׼Ĺͷ󺺣ֱһһֻȭͷֱ׹Ыһȥ
ȭδϣȻһƾնһ߳Ǵ̣һͶ׹Ыͷ­
ʱЫɡһУβһ͡죬ʮһš
ֱֻһһ¶ʮɫѪ湾Ѫʲѡ
ȭͷ͹һ֮£ĴӹЫһƬ̼ĽӲκθоˡ
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ͷдȻ򵥷Ź׹ЫֱһɫƥҪһ˽סĹЫˤȥ
ʱۡۡһţɫƥмһնϡ
ЫСغɫƥΪһɶ
׹ЫƺҲ˲ָж֮˵ʯһһ»Ϊûʯ̨֮С
ͷ󺺲ûȥ׷˹˼ɫ̧׳һȥ
ֻǱߵǰ߰˵ɫ΢΢š
Ȼղźɫƥץס÷һնϵģŽ˰׹Ы֮Χġ
󺺿ƺ͹ЫľĲ㣬ʵҲǼ乤ѡ
΢΢һĿһնصԼֱһȥ΢΢һ
ֻʮѪȻֹͣѪֱȴǰִһȦ࣬һľ֮Ѿ鲼ֱָۣ޷Ϸֺˡ
Ȼղ˲ͷֹ˶طӣֱѾϵȴɵ顣
ͷЫβܻԼֱϹǼ׷Ķԣʵڲһ㺷ɱȵġ
ͷһ󣬲и˼֡
̨¹սˣҲ󺺺һҽֳסˣ׷׿ĿĶҷķֺ
̨ϵһʦҲԹʩչĹٻĹЫͬȻ
ԾģȻǹȪˡ
û뵽˴Բķ⣬Ȼһͷ
·ʯ̨ϣȴȻһЦĿˣʦ֣ͷЫĶ֮ǿ÷ʱҲ޷֧̫õġж£κȥ绹ȥúýⶾȥɡһˣʲô⣬ɾͲˡ
ߣ䣡㽫ĳ̫ˡ㶾ʲôڿʼұԲŸոʽʼѡ
ͷԣȴһЦȻһһһץסжֱ۵ļͷָһһĽֱӲ˺Ѷ¡
ɫѪӼͷ˿ڴӿ
ȴ̿дʣ˺ֱ۱ɫӿֶӭһκ󣬾Ϊһɺ̵ܻԼ֮С
һ̣󺺼ͷ˿ڴһɺӿһȻΪһӨڹǣűĺںɫѪ˿ֶΪһѪķɿ츲Ƕȥ
乤һֱ۾Ŀ³ˡ
һĻ̨ͨȫĿɿڴ̨ϵһʦҲһ
ԭ£ʼհ۾ǬȻԲ˫Ŀ̨ϵĹͷ󺺣ͫоԼѡ
ڷǮӣ㲻˼һĻҲɫ䡣
һֶ֫ı¡ӽĹһͷӵдͨĹˡֹʵںĺܣҲҵĵܼɹȴһЦ
ȷҲֻ˲˵ͨˡܱͨʲ̫ߵģӻԵСһʦ¿ɾ鷳ˣȻͷЫҲȡʤˡգգۺҲЦһ˵
û˭ʤ˭ܿǲ˵顣ȪҲӳԾлָ˹һһȴޱĻص
ͬʱ·̨ϣͷ󺺶֫һĻɫҲ΢΢Щˣһ󣬺Ȼһһ̽ʱֶ


104 ս壩

ԭҪЦһʹʯ쾪ֱ֮ӳĹͷ󺺣ʱһȻ֮ɫ
ʱӰһ׹ЫϢһǰ档
Ա߹սڵһɧ
߳ڿų׹ЫʱѾüͷ΢΢ټеǿɫ̽ɫɵ
ߣΪмܵסˡҲգʶһѹֶεͷһߣͻȻһѽƤȫһץ£߿һ׶ȥ١ȭһȥ
Ѻ⼸ƤȭӰķ飬йµµĴָСİ׺
֮һдϺȻһȥͽ䶫ȫһء
ͬһʱ䣬ϹǼȻɢʧΪ˹ΧתƬ̼ͽγûȥ
ХӺзʼֻһϾͱʮʮϰ·氵һ㡣
תУԽԽ㣬תۼռʮ֮ޡ
ΣаһֻӳһǰʮöУʱƿһķ׷׼
һ󣬷һȫûУţ뺣κˡ
йХܵʲô̼Ƶģһ¸ʢ˼֡
ɫһɫ̽һ죬һ㵭ɫһţ֮һһնȥ
һһ߳ɫӶ̽һ
ۡһɫһնϣϬ֮ĺ⣬жһնֱĴһȥ
ʱХȭͷİɫͷӺһͬʱɫ
䡱䡱䡱
ͷΪźڹıѶ
ɫº󣬾ͺͺڹ⽻֯һɢ
Ŀô˾ɫ΢΢һ䣬ٲȡʲôжʱȴȻһ֮󣬻Ϊһ¾޴ǽıһѹ
ںУһſͷХ֣ϰ֮ӡ
ѾʶǰԱͷټȻдݣ˼£һǰʱһŻƾոֶһָһ֮£Ƕ̼ͻΪֱаɵľͻͬʱɫҲޱȡ
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Щɫͷһһ󣬷׷׿ıѶ
ɫǽΪ֮ɢ
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Ŀкһж̽ͻȻɫһţһɫһն
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һ֮£ͨ巢
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ͬʱɫЫಡһҲΪһӰͷһ˶ȥ
δ˵ЫһģĻΪʮߵĹ
ͷûжܣһߺ󣬵ɿһȵ棬ǰϰٿǳȻһۺͻΪһǶܵǰ
һۡۡ󣬹ǶƾնʮɫСףҲӲĵЫ㹥
׹ǡɡһֽкһŤҪԽǶٹ󺺡
ʱֳһ˿֮ɫֳֻ̧Ƕһ㣡
ǶȻ˿ûеѶٵԹЫΪĵһ˲仯Ϊߵľ޴һ½Уڵ֮ϡ
Ы󾪵ڹƴþҲѣȴһʱ޷
ڴٶж̽Ҳһ
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ͷһЦһ˿˿һӿոͬʱϵѪҲɿֲµסСס
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ͷһſڣһžѪһΪѪû뵽ǽ֮С
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ѪɷǽӾȻ޳˴еĿعǴ󷨣޷û˽ġ
̨ϣһʦ̲סʧڡ
ڵʦڿų˾ͻ󣬾ѾһΣһ޴ǽ֮ɫǴ粻
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޴ǽĹ̬ͬһ
˴ʱȻ˿֮⣬ֻǿڷж̽עȥ
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ϺۡۡһΪһɺǰһ˶ȥƹǽȦ֮󣬻Ϊں档
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һͺȣɫԲһ֮Ҳڴ̶з¡


105 ս
һضɽҡľ죬Բ¾ͺѪײһ
һԲһ½ѪԴͷ­һնĵм䴦޷赲ģ
һ̣ѪԱѶΪѪĽ°
ȻԲ·ɿת֮£⽫ѪȫһգѪȴɢĹϡ
Ѫ⻥༤Ħ֮£ԲɿСתۼֻСˡ
ͷ󺺼ΣжʱΪ֮һϲ
ʱһȴһȻɫԲһ㡣
Բ¡䡱һ󣬺ȻӰѶһ·ųٵϸ
齣֯ն£Ѫǧٿףһֱһ
δնһϬһֵôëΪ֮
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顱顱
һɺڷһ£˲伸Ӳһɢ
ŹϿղһһ֣ⳡԣ״ʤ
һ˵⻰һεĳڹ󣬡žžϷɿ˼ơ
ԭ԰쳣ɫʱΪ֮ࡣ
ʱʯ̨Ѫɫһնȫɢ𣬶ɫҲĵֻʣʮѣͬһķ׷ױɢֻʣһڶ̽ĴӸ߿׹¡
ޱĵһУͻΪһһɶأһûвӰ
ôġѪɷǽȫһնԲһؽƺԵֵġͷȻֻǿ̨վΣһĿ⿴ʵ
Ҳ̫żҲʦֺ淨㣬δӳһܰɡÿɷĻص
ĺܣڷٻԶԶԷҪǰй˷ĸɾڷĿ϶
ֻԶһӾĶ࣬ʶʹ㣬Щ˸è
ûһʱޱĶз
˵һĻʧܵľԲǹͷ󺺣
ϾһͨͽڵӴ߶̽ؽƣųʮͲˣǿһ·ųϰٵ֮ࡣ
˵ڷ̶ȣѾСˡ
ߣһնӳԼ𣡡һ˵Щʲôȴһʱ䲻֪׷ȥ
ȴڴʱɫһ˵
ˣȻԽˣҲȥɡѵҪϷǲɣ
һݣæĿڳơҡ֮뿪̨Ĵһ߶ȥˡ
һߵʱ򣬶ߺȻһĴʱֵ֣ҡ
Ȼߡʦ塱Ĵһݣ˿ɫδ¶ߵ̨ϥ¡
ʱ߿̨ϣѻȸ
ղһսλʦô
κŲ쿪ڵʦѯʵ
ʵڿϧˡ۰ʦֶǹʦֶʵ֮ǿ˵ԶҵԤ֮ġ˿¶ǰ塭ǰʵŮ̾Ϣһ˵
˿̵رơ
֪壬ƴŵȪҲὫֱҪԼˡ
Ҫ˻ʮУԼһҲռλˡ
ȻȻǳˣȪٽøǹһġ
ȷˣرǹʦֶȻ޳ɿعǴ󷨴˵ʦܣһĵӰɣѵǰδֹ˵д˵츳ġҲһ˿ɫʿʦ塱ʵ
ǰֻ֮壬δһ״Уһ治֪޳˿عǴ󷨵顣֪£ܲصġ޷Ϊʦǵƾ޳ɴ˴󷨵츳ҲֵñϧԴбġҲٵģֻҪܽ˴һ磬ǱһֱӡǼҵʹ֮ˡʦǿЦһм˷ܵĻص
Դʦ޳ɿعǴ󷨵Ĳ˶ѡǼҲֻ˴˴󷨵˲ʹްʦܣȻԵʮӣȥҲһҪúһˡ˵ԺҲǱڵҪս֮һмص˵
ʦַģδһҾԽΪӣһ佫عǴгɵġʦ岻˼˵
ܺãʦܣʦֶսҲʮ־ˡ˷ӡȻҲ˴Բ磬ȷǴе岻ˣӦûǵȽײ͵İٻ塣ڶ̽ûԲ¹ôм죬͸תȪһ˿ɻʵ
Ҳ⺢ӻ˻ӡҴ͸ģûв´ĻӦѵǿ½ֻ֮ͨڵʱ򣬴ҲڸġȪǿѹסΪʤ˷֮ģæĻصͬʱҲмָȻ仹顣
ˣԵС½Ҳ֪伸ģҲеģڱڵӼ񵽣ȻǱڵˡѯʴµĻˡЩȻ򣬵ϹһЦĻص
СܴӶлʦִˡȪԣʱһϲ
˵ʰ֮˭ʰҲٽ˵ġҪ׷鵽Ȼ־
ϾһƷΪһǿڣȻ׷ġ
˵˻Ȼݿй½鷳Ժ޺֮ˡ
Ȼı֣λʦҲΪˡ
һδȣҲû뵽ز¶ĵԭЩıһ᲻ڣȴ˲١ųЦе˵
ʦүӣñһ³ɫӡ
˵ú󣬱ھҪٴˡ
ʦҲЩ˷ܵ۷׷ס
δӵıֳɫȷǵԤϣԶǰȿɱȵġ
Ҳܸ˵̫硣˵ڵȼڣƺҲһЩ˲õŵӡرǰʱ·һͨ齣ĵӡԭǼΪѲĴڣӵд˽ϣ֪ˡڵԺɾͣѷɫеӡµУ˵ҲһͬʱӵˮʵľšѪӵ;ɽȻûзųͬȱŵӵġΪһεδȵǰʮӣһ껹ҪලٵģñмˡЦһ


106 Ϣ
ʦ˻Ȼɫһݵȫơǡ
ãʱ䲻ˣҲʮսˡż˵˵ͷҪһĴ̨һɶʽʮӵֺλԵһЩ顣
ʱȻʯɽĳУƿ֮ŨŨһ֣һɳһͷ峤ɵɫݣͷ­ͺգβȴƫƫ泤ޱȣһʺѪľ޴צ
˹һֱ֣ʯɽһɶȻ÷Ĳٵӣʱһɧ
þ̣ʦݡһ˹ݣҲǴһϴǳһ
仰ʯɽϿպ¡¡صͣ·ŻȻ׷þηĿ⿴ɽɫݡ
йڻһͨʦ飬Ȼ˽֪ġ
λʦȴδǰ¶˵ʦҲܼ䱾˵ģһλ󳤱֮ˡ
Ƭ̼乤򣬹ݾͷɵ̨Ϸڿһ󣬺ȻһֻԭյѪצһɶеһöɫȻͣһתһɶȥˡ
һ˿Ȼ֮ɫһУಡһУͷɿһš
Ƭ̺ɫʼ𵭵ϵɫɿȥ˳Ծ֮ı顣
˼ˣĻһۡ
ʦ֣׳ʲô飿һŽӶͷÿҲ̲סʵ
ʦ崫ٽĴսˣѡõʮ̳ǰԵȥɫ粻˺һ󣬲˵һ˶һĻ
ʲôʦΪλᴫǬȥԵʲôԾ֮ʵ
ʦոսӵɽ˵ķ鴫Ѷ˵ںѪӵĻ׷ɱͷԵʱڷԵػ𱬷һ֪ؾڡΪͷԵĵңѾ˴룬ֻͽӲܽУҪάڲǼڻǰͬʱ֣֧ܶһʱ䡣ʶʦһ󣬾ǰøʮӽУԴؾеõı٣ʶڸûʱ˷ѣ뾡ʮӸϵԵһ˵ţһĿ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ʲôδ֪ؾڣ
ж
˽ˣ
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档ȪմԣͬʱھϲӵͬʱԼ˿˿ļɵ֮⡣
ѹˣ
νġؾʵһЩδ˷ֹؿռ䡣һȻγɵģһһЩǿǴڣΪġ
УǰһЩҩʯ֮ĵرΣԽСһЩ󶼲ЩǿıͬΣռ󣬲֪᲼ö˷ɻĿֲơ
һؾһܴջأȻһţȫġֹĳСŽҴĳܾеõһ֮Ӷڶ̶ھʵһ³ưԸ顣
ȻǲģͬҲйĳΪ˶ĳؾȫ֮ؾȫûӴ˴顣
ѷֵؾϡ֮Щؾڳֻ꼻һ֣ٴʧӰ١Щؾд򿪷ʽʱĿƣеؾ֮һſƽģǷҲֻ̾ѡ
ʹˣÿؾķ֣ܻһѪȷ硣
Ϊһؾڶֵġ
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λʦܣʵҲ̫ʦֻǼһ´¶ѡ˼ΪһѾһȥԵˡһ磬ҲԴδʮӸϹȥʦ֣ʦܣ˶󷨽ƶоҲͬһ·ɡʦţϢˡǰʦԸ£λʦһҪøԷ飬ʱܽй¶ȥſЦһĻصַɿķԸһ
ǣʦ֡Ҷϻȥú׼һһ˴˴µġߺʿʦԣȻϲһڴӦ
棬ŮӵȻЩʣʦͷѹҲֻεӷԸ
ʱŴ̨һɶ·ڵδȵʮѾֱ״졢ʮˡΪĳЩԵɣʮӵλսʱȡˣҴӼ𣬱ʱɽһ¡ڴڼ䣬κ˶ûΥڡˣǬʮ⣬˾Ȼסɡ
֮ԣ·ǧڵ˴һһͷˮĿһɨ֮£Ȼ˿顣
֮˷׷׵뿪ʯɽתۼɽֻʣʮ³¯ĵӣҲɻĻ
ǲóԾ֮ԽȻ˵һԵɵġģʦ桭Ľйؾǰ飬ٴŵĽһ顣
ȻĿɿڴ
Ϊ·ͻȻҲûʱپʲôλսˡҪԾٶȸϵؾڴؾڵչӦһžеһĸ˳ɼͬʱҲ̫Ĺ򣬵ʱʦԻϸǼ˵ġҪģͻȥúõһͺһֻҪؾܴҲԻ͵ġϢڴڱУй¶֪ͬʮص˵
ʮŻȻȻ˼ͬȻӦһ
ŵͷ󣬵תɻ̨ϣʦؾ顣
ʮҲ׷뿪ʯɽ
ӺͻصԼסʼ˼йؾ
µĳ֣ʵڴԤ֮ġ
ԭΪʱ䣬ŻμΣ֮û뵽ȻһǰһҪǻδ֪ؾнС
δ֪ؾ֮УΪǴҪģĻǿи˶ΣյԤ֪ж˵Ļ׵϶ɱ飬ڴӦñǿһЩ
һһЩؾõĵرӶһΪļغҲȻĶ
ؾеõĸĵرȻ϶ҪϽŵģֻҪܱһС֣ҲԻȡԼԺʦԴˡ
ڽؾΣգ׵ϲ֪ɹ˶һߵӣҲ̫еġ
ԽԽǺͯʱͱκ˶ĺˡ
ٴν飬ֻҪпܵõĺôǲֵƴһΰˡ
ĬĬ˼һ飬ûҵرκɺ󣬵ɫƽı˫ĿʼĬĬϢָĵķ


107 ҹ
ȵӽʱ˫ĿһϢ뿪ӣֱڿշ˾Ӥɽ
һСһƬһ¡
ԪһƬϣߡʦ塱Ȼ˫ֵվ
Ӱݼʦ壡һɫʮֹ
ĵǹ죬ҪٵƬ̲Уʦ嵭˵
ôʦ廹Լˣ΢΢һ
ȷˡǺһڤǾ֮ˣȻʱϼ꣬ڤǾ軹ܱȵġߺȻһЦ˵
⻰һ˿ɫδ¶ĵͷ
Ƭ̺󣬸ƿһ죬һһ£һһ
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һ󣬶ʱɫһ䣬ǰƴ˸һĹͷ󺺡
ԭǹʦ֣ˡͬΪȻͬʱһ˿Ȼ֮⡣
ֲԼöԷϢһЩĪϤ֮УԭǺԼͬһԵʡ
˵ҼһڤǾ֮ˣԭǰʦܡɫȴ̫ÿתʦʵ
Ȼ˼ڤǾͨıӦ֪Լʵλʦܵġȴٺһ˵
ߣΪûԵʣгᶯǴķѪɷǽװܵһͷЩ̫˵
˵ƺû̫ηӡ
ˣϴŵЦݵͬʱһ˿Ȼˡ
ʦҲ͵ģбȻҲȥһġˣϻͲҪ˵ˡӦ֪ΪʲôİɡɫȻһ˵
ҿعǴ󷨵ڤǾȻӵвݹǵЧҲһгԺŷֵġδȣҲһ˵Ľʮ֮Сû뵽ȴͬڤǾʦҲұνġعǴ󷨡ԺҲһӵζˡں˵
ߣΪڤǾԲݹǵ飬ǵһֵֻҪڤǾĲ㵽һκ˹߶ִᷢЧġʦȴһĻص
ʲôҲǵһִµġΪǰδ¶ġԣˡ
ȴмĿɿڴˡ
ԷǲݹǵͨȻڤǾĲ㸽˵ʼ˲㹦Ҳӵдͨˡ
ȥ֮ǲǸеͷʹޱȣһֱҲûлظɡʦûֱӻش𣬷ɫһ䡣
ôˣֻҪϢ죬ӦûˡԼоӲͷƤĻص
˻һ㵣ˡҲǰЩ켱ڱչأ˽ǰһˡǰڤǾĵ֮Բûǰ¶ΪûнĲ㳹޳ǰôͨôġϾƵһ̶֮󣬲ʩչͨġ˼ҵĶôѪɷǽ˶Ҳ۳ˣʮġ˴⣬Ժĸ׽ˡɫһȻǳ
ֻǼʮѣⲻʲôĸǱߣ֪µġ˵ҵҪ˾˴ڵڤǾҲ޷յġͷ󺺳Ĭһºٿһۺ󣬲ǿЦһĻص
֪ͺáҵձδڤǾֻΪ˾ɲǿʤġ˵һ飬ڤǾвСȱݣûнǰܳʦġȻȥɡһҪͰʦ̸ֶһ̸ġɫһķԸ
һΣͷԵǹɵĶ࣬ͷ󣬾ڿյķ˴˴
ȴЩԭˡ
Һ͹ĹϵѾ˽ˣٶ˰ɡĿڷŵϣƽʵ
ʦֺʦĹϵȻˡйڤǾȱ⣬ôһ£ʦ岻ǹǰ˵İɡЦһʵ
ٺ٣Ҿ֪ʦֶǸˡȷǹǶ˽еһ˳ʶһµġϾڤǾģҲֻǶˡȻҲڤǾĲ㣬ȻȻҲýйش˹һЩ飬ȽһЩˡóȻʦ֮ʱ˵ɥ֮աߺٺһ˵
ʦָ㣡Ȼһ
֪ڤǾǰ漸ûκƿʱԼиоΪˡ
˹ɫʹƹˣαضԷ͵͵ĴڸԼ
ȸ˵һ˵ڤǾɡ׷Ǳڴʦ˼һżȻķ˼ҵ껨ټѪҲֻǰ֮ĲǱȤǰһС֣벿һʮѪһɵġΪ˹ҴӶʮǰͿʼڸӰЩҲһ㣬ʮǰ͵ͽڴԲڳʦʱȴһıˡ˵һ١
һ˻ݴˡ
㲻õģЩʧӡȻרоʧܵԭֱǰ˾ǿ˷Ⱦ֮һ򵱳ҲὫִڸ㡣ߵ˵
˵ǰûڤǾʦɹˡʹҾǿһЩʦҲ޷֤ҽʱ¡ԼЩˡ
ġҴڸĵĲڤǾѾθıƵģȻ޷֤һûУԸǿľʦʹʧܷɣҲӦöһЩԪڱġϾǰЩ֮Իֱ壬Ϊڽ׹ؼʱ޷ڷǣŻִεġοûв´Ļڷ̶ҲԶһӿɱȵİɡĻڷ͸׼֣Ǿ͸ʲôˡ΢΢һЦ
ʦô֪ӷ顣ɫһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
е½ҵһμԽӴģؽʱܷӶܣĺܡǳӵһڷͨӾ⣬ҿҲĽˡ߲Ϊ˵
ԭˣǵھֻһˡʦΪλڽһкгʦֶϡͿȥǸʡһЩġʦǧҪ˵ΪĲġͷĿһʵ
ķ֣ɡʦֶãҴڤǾһ·ƿͽҪ֪һͽɴ󶼿ͽˣͽûмġҸڤǾԭϼأֻҪõ׼֣ͻʦҲԶɱȵġҽ֮ԻὫһи㣬ʵǴ㽫ڤǾԼҶѧϰϹڤĵĵý㣬Ȼͻأ׼Ҫʦھˡ̾һ˵


108 
ʦ壬˼ҪչسƿҲڽЩ°ɡȻǳһɵʵ
һαչغǰͬʱһл˾ԭΪעҪͣʦھģٲڤǾвҵһֿͻƳƿǴ˷ΣգǿͻΪĻֻ֮һܹʣµ֮ᣬͻǰЩѧϰڤǾҪͻʦƿһ㣬ֱӱġڤǾڤʮѪɲϢľʹʧˡһδչ״ӡԭҲǸѡ񣬵ϧƽƽעֻͽ޷ΪʦġһֻǴЩѡˡܻŽʦڣȻһж˵ûлĻֻҪЩʧˡͬ°˵״͸¶һ˿Ͽ֮⡣
ʦģʦֶһᾡġɿת󣬾òûκ󣬾ͼһĴӦ
ܺãöƣж棬ԷڶͷɨһɨʲôûУ
˵󣬴һöɫЩָ˼º󣬲ŵ˹
΢һĽӹ󣬽ͷһŶȥ
һһɨȥͷ­еһһһŹԺиֶ
һǿɫ򣬵ɫĴһɶΪһƪƪĵ롣
ϹڤдڤǾԭģһɨ󣬲΢΢һ
һɫһƪƪڤĺֲͨһľġ
߶оڤĵĵý͡
ֻǶߴҴҿһ󣬾ͽһ˶ˡ
ʦ壬ڤǾôֻƪûǴĻƪӦǾŲ𣿡Ȼʵ
ʦүʱõľֻǰ֮Ĳھ֪ʲôطˡǰĲʵҲ㹻ˡҵǷĲھͺķʮѪʦֶܽھҲڤϵ֮ˡ׵ʦĻҲټڤǾˣȫһ˵ĸ߽׹ǰĲڤǾǸһĻˡѡ湦ʬɷĸ߽׹ǲѡ񡣡ߴݻص
ԭˡʦ嵱ԵĸٻӪĺƭ֮ˡԣһˡ
ϷҪô˵ѧϰ׹Ҫġߴ˸ɫ˿䡣
ˣֻˡ
ˣϷûгɹͻƵʦڣԺܽ׵ʦ绰Ļչһ¹ɡҲϲˡɫȻ˼֡
ȻӦ֮¡ҲɫһĻص
ܺãڻЩʱ䣬ڤǾʱʲôѵĵطҲϷˣܻش𻰻ᾡһġԣ¶һ˿Цݡ
лʦ壬ڤǾϵȷЩطδ͸ģһǡϲѯ
ʱڴ֮ɫ뿪֣Ӥɽһɶȥˡ
Ȼδ˫Ŀ΢еĿнԶȥĻơ
֪˶úźȻ˵һ䣺ʦ֣Ѿˣαٶزˡ
䣬Ŀ⡰ৡһ£˸һŴ
ʦܲΪʦ״ӣֶιȻġһӴ˳ӰһΣ߳һЦݣš
ʦֿҾͽʦֶûĬϴˡЦһ˵
ȻʦֶΨһڤǾܽʦĵӣߵֻһЩƶڤǾԭĻúõڲؾУȻûµġʵҼʦֶ֮ʱͽ׺ͽʱѾ²ڤǾֻǹʦֶȻģԼڤǾܹӵкͿعɴƵͨһǵһ֪̾Ϣһ˵
ɲҪע⣬ղҲˣΪһٶعǻġЩԵ
ǺǣʦܷġҼȻ֪˹⺢ΣǼݣҲĵġҪǰʦֶܽʦƵĻӦûдˡŲŲæĻص
ţʦֶܳΪʦͲˣǼΪʵġһΣߵǵͷͬ
ܺãȻӾǿĵӲ̫ңֻҪȥҲҼġֻҪʦֶڤǾ˳ʦҾͻʦ壬רҴ˹һĻʦҲΪ˴󹦡ŸһЦļ˵
ΪһǿЩӣڤǾʦ𣿡ԣȴ¶һ˿Ź֮ɫˡ
ôѵʦǰǺƭ֮ԡԣ΢΢һ
ƭ㲻ϣֻǽʦʱΣ˵СһЩڵΣǳʦʧܵĻ»һ뼸ʻᱬġľǿҲԶΪǿһ־ˡҵ̽ʱͷ֣ʦֶӦͨӵһϣҾЩ˲ֻԽԽġ
ʲôǿһһΣʧ
ٺ٣ʦΪ˵˰ɡˣʦʱһ漸ʶ޷֤ġȻܸǿ󣬷پֻʦϣȻҲһЩġߺٺһ˵
ˣʦڤǾ治˿ˣֻʱԺҵѡ˵ˡųһֻЩʧĵͷ
Ҫ˵ĻֱӻʦˣαػҪһֱˡߵһνı顣
ֻܿЦˡ
ˣʦܣҪչسҺܾû̫һЩһ£Щĵʵ
Ѿʦ˵ˡȻԪжʮ֮ãǾ⼸껹ܱ崦۷״̬һ˴˽׶ΣҾðճһҲˡֻҪܳɹٶϰԪ֮һļʣѾֵðһˡĻص
Ȼʦ¶ˣҲͲ˵ˡֻϣʦչسɹΪƺѾҲٶȰ˵ʲôˡ
ʱ䣬һŴȥؾ󣬾ʹҴҵĻǵ뿪֡
ڶһ磬ɽŴϿպԼһ峤ʮɵľ͹ۡ
ڴϣšߡʦԼʮӺȻվ档
һԸ󣬹۵һڹ֮УԶƿնȥˡ


109 ʦ
һ·֮ϣźʿ߲ͣźؾйص顣
ʮɢ۸ϢĵϢûл̸ཻ˼
ҲǺ飡
ɱʮĵ֮ˣȻһĸҲмġ
ֻҪͷ­΢һתܿԶĸ߳壬Ŀⲻʱ
Σ˿ɫûУȴһ˿ɱ⸡ֶˡ
ؾлϢĽ鷳ġ
ҹһƷײ͵ķƺұ֮ϡ
֮䣬ƶѣһܶݳɾ롣
󣬹۾һ˷ɵ˵ĺϿգǰһκǰԵڵλôʧӰȡ֮һӺðĻҰɫɽ
˻ɽֻ¶֮ߣӻɽвͣðһɹɺںɫһȻʱҵģ
ڻɽڸϣһЩǰµĻɽγһСѵĸСĲСȴ֮㣬·һС͵һ㡣
м󸡽棬޽мʯһЩš
һҲһһ¡
Ŵһ˴ӹ
λѣǿˡڣѪӵǾɽĵӣɶѾˣֻзŵ˻δġһ͸Ϸһζ󣬾ڸϿգֳһӣЦݵĳ·˵
ԭǾɽԺڻѣǿɲǾɽɽž˲ԶطȻҪЩʱˡںѪӵȻؾȷֵģıһЩҲȻ顣Ŵ˿ۺҲһͷ˵
⵹ҲǣʵɽҲֻǱȹһѡҲˣʦ뼸λѹһ£ͬһؾ顣Ժڻ˵
ˣ΢һµӣһʹλʦܹȥݷùȻ˶Էе˼ɫһڴӦ
ԺڻԴϲ˵˼󣬾ٻΪһķɻصԭϡ
ʱҲʼһʯʦ塢ڸһЩ򵥵Ľơ
һٷһж֮ŲŷԸڵһʹʦɽڸһɶȥˡ
ڵӴ޽õĽдСڸĴ߶ʱܲͣ
Ҳʯĳ䴦ϥš
ŵһȥСʱ䣬ǴӾɽǱһɶصʱ򣬺ȻмӵһͷǷٵĻߡ
߿ͨ˫ִִ쳣һֻɫƤϢͬѰһʯ̺мһʯϡ
һԸе̾ۼʯС
ǸСվܼʦݣЩʦ˼ҸմؾڴصģЩҪָġŲ˼ĳ˵
һ⻰ǬȻѾ²⣬Բһ׷׶Իߴٲΰ
ɣɫĵˣԭӦٺúһ󣬲Żǲμġû뵽ؾˣԴҲǲѵġʦֶ˵ˣһʵԶʤǰʮһҲĶˡߴһȵӺ¶֮ɫĵͷ
ʦ壬ʮǱһɫһӣǡؾ֮£˵ҲǱڵһվԱߵЦŻص
ϣ˰ɡҺǼϼһѾ̽ؾжǺټȻؾӦûʲôƣΣԾȴ˶롣ҲóȻͬ⽫ؾ֮صġȻȻȻؾҲһյġҪģؾзѰҸϡԴҲκֶκͷʽΪǣ̫ںѪӵѾнˣΪӦԴ£ں;ɽҲո̸顣Ȼֹ֣˺öȻôôܶǺڵӡ飬һжϷġʦʮ˵
Ȼؾ
̫ˣ
;ɽ֣

졢Ծ˷ܵȲͬɫ׷ڵϸֶΪӡ
ʦһ޶õļ˵ҲҪ̫ˡȻؾҲΣգؾп޴ڣ滷ӣ޷ó档Ҳѵ˵
һɵԣһ
һлǴҪģҪģͷƴؾͨԣʦ˵һһĻ
ʲôͷҲ뵽ؾˡʦ壬㲻˵ЦɡǸڵӽУ뻢ˡһʦɫļæʵ
ߣΪʦڴ￪Ц𣡲ǷģͷѾˣؾУҲӦѾһϢӦûκλ֮ˡϧؾʱڣʦ޷룬ЩСһǼϼһܽԴϯһգ˳նɱˡʵ˵ͷӦòؾϡıˡʦһ˵
ʦֶģʦǧĪ֣ʦԼλʦһעˣһļæЦ˵
Ҳҿˡ򵱳ںѪӵλǰ˽¾Ͷ˴ؾ֪ͨҵˡʦ壬˵һµġҲЦݵ˵
˵Ǵ˵˵ˣԵϵķַǱں;֮ȷֵİɡãҵĴ˵أȴںѪӵȷؾڡһ
ʦҲû뵽ػлؾڵģҵʱͷԸճǸ֮ʱڸϸʲôġŽ͵˵
ô˵Ѿͷ֮ȻǴġȴ֮Իúѵһٵġʦһɵ˵
ֽưԵĿɿڴŵʦֻһ۵ĿЦˡ
Ƕ֪ԼλʦһǿӲ֮ˣҪΪ˵ļˡ
ˣʦ壬ؾˣŻ֧Ŷ೤ʱ䡣Щеʵ
β̫áͷȻ֪ڱڣܽвֹһΣһڻѾڱ״̬ȫǼϼһñǿάȶġҲֻܱһʱ䡣ϸڵӽʱɵ𵴻ӦֻаʱɡʦɫһĻص


110 
£̽һδ֪ؾʱ̫һЩˡϾǻ֪ؾжǷڵġԣмֵ
ʱҲûа취飬ǼϼһҲֻȷʱڰȻġҲˣȥһҪʱ䣬ʱһĻۻʲô֣ȫ̴ڴǳˣͽԶˡʦڵӶ˵
Ȼĵͷơǡ
ҲǴдԴټ㡣ʱ򲻹ؾеõ˶ԴǶʮ֮һΪð˴Σյʹ͡ʦһֵ˵
һ£ڵӸӴϲˡ
ˣʦֶӿⷿЩɴˡһµʵ
ȻʦרŶģʦֶġȫˣԣ˼ص
ǺãھͽǷϤһ˵ɡʦͷġ
ǡ
ŴӦһʹͳһɫ˿һſĴָСİɫԲ飬һ֮£ʮ˷ֱ
ʶֱһͽ˿ԲһץУĴۡ
ֻ˿ƫƫӡһ㵭ɫƣ˶࿴ۣһͷĿѣĹо
ǿԲȴ峺͸·ֻͨˮһ㡣
Щ˵һͽˡǱĹûУҲֻһؽƣȴԽСٱϵİԱЯΨһȱ㣬ЩС٣ǲġЩӦҲǾģʮڶɻӦλڵġǽǸһȽؾп϶дõġʦԼӽ䡣
еһ⻰Ȼٴεķ׷װлʹ͡
ˣȳȥϤŵһ֮󣬾ͻ̽ؾˡ΢΢һЦķԸ˵

ǡ

һɵӴӦһķ׷˳ʯ⣬ʼоµ÷ˡ
һ뿪ЦݽΪ֮һת׳һʵʦ壬Щôܱȵҵ𣿡
˵ϾҲֻԶԶŵӼ۶ѣûԳֲǵʵǵƾҵĸоĻڿֹ̫ܲ۵ġҲɫһصĻص
𣡱Ŵʮӣɱǰǰʮǿܶġʦ̲סʵ
ЩСһȷǬСûĻƺڷһ飬ǿϽʦĻҵİաݺüĺƺҲʬ֮ĻˡǻģӦþǸСӰɡǸ߳⺢ӣϢЩӽʦӣӦýҸһԾѪɹˡȻ˿ҲǲġƽˮƽǵȷӦÿȡòΡûпĻҲʾ˵ŵӣʵ֮ǿ»Ǭ֮ϵġرڵһŮӣһΪй۲ʱȻӦĿҡѾӿ˵ͨˣֻˡʦĿĻ˵
ʲôܸӦʦĴڣôܣ
˵Ļ϶ͨ齣Ůӡ
ߺʿȺʧ
ţҲΪġ⣬ҲϢͬǬҲ޷˵϶ʤġʦ˵
Ļ˵Ҫˡɫ̫ÿˡ
˵ϾαռԴʤġֻҪЩСһһЩٻһЩıܿǿˣ˵Ҳܸһ⾪ϲġɫָƽ
Ҳֻϣˡɫ仯˺һų̾һ˵

ͬһʱ䣬еɫ˿ڡ桱Ĳֺ
ʱʱĽһϰҰɫʯ飬˿һ£СɶСһöĽ»ԭŴ
һֻŵһŰɫԲ飬΢΢ŵİ׹⣬ĿϸлͿɷʮСڵ㣬ڷֲԲеľֹеƶͣ
֪˶úƺˣһն󣬾һ˽䴦ʼĬĬĵϢ
һһһëϸϸҲ΢΢·ڰӦͣš
첲ϣƶС΢΢͹԰һһСͬɺҲ΢΢ţ·һ㣬ʮֵĹ졣
ʱɫѾԶϦµĳӳڵϺ󣬾ͿĨһѪһ㣬һ˵֮С

ڶһ磬ϢȻо¸ƺһ£ȻΪ΢ǽһ´붨оѣЩԶһȥ
ֻȻڵ𵭵ˮƣԽԽǿ濪ʼ紵ľһˮˡ
ʱԼԶմ¡¡һʼֻǵ΢֮Ƭ̺ͱļ
ʱ𶯾Խˡ
˴󶯾ȻʯϢŵҲ˳
ɫЩɻ̧ͬѡ
λʦȴδӰȴǲ֪ʱ뿪˸
ϵڵȼţҲǲķӦٵվѡ
ٵһԶȻһڵ㸡ֶ޴̼乤ͻΪһɸߵĺɽ壬ɿ򸡽һɶ
ʱеĺ¡¡Ѿǲѣƾվߵľˡ
壡ô֮ˣЩ̫Ծһɫɽʵݺ󣬻ߵɫĳ˵
ȷЩŹ֣Ȳ֮˵˺˵ġ޴ҲͬʱսļŰɡҲüͷһĻص
ϣһЩʦ֮Ҳ˽ţɫԶһ˿֮⡣
Ƭ̺󣬺ɫɽڼдһɿķɵ˼Ͽմɵĸ߿иȻһͣ
֮ɫɽ嶥һЦ󣬴һ·ɳʮΪһɫ۵ʿڿд˵λĪ֣֮һЩȫΪ˹ͣŴ˵ؾڷ֣һرͬҵһ֮ġ
۵ʿһ˵⻰һã߳һӥǵӣĿ˫Ŀâ
ӷһĿ⳯·һɨ󣬾Ͳ˵ЩСʲôطˣ


111 һ
ʻͬʱһ·ųǿ֮Ϣ·ŵһӴ£˳һ
˺ȻҲһǿߣ
ߣĽţ㲻ڻһںúôţȻܵǴĪΪǼû˲ɣȻڸϴһߣ֮һ׹һĳڿһ󣬺ȻΪһɫɮ۵á
ͷɫɮñһɫһɷŶӡ
һڡ
ʦһ֣ɫ䡣
˵˭ԭʦ̫Ȼ֮ˣȻòˡµѿɲҪᣬϷ򵽴ɲ鷳ģ˵һ֮ġһãɫ΢΢һ䣬һ˿ɵ֮˵
ЦǼ飬ҪǻһʲôĽݵѴǴȥɡʦ̫һھܾ
⻰ɫһ
ʱŵȴǿЦĿˣǰĪĽǰᵽ˵أΪʦԵʡ˼·һЩ飬΢һ£Ͼͻλǰʹµġ
ߣϹʲôһһ۰ԽһǼڸûʲôͻȻܵˣһרһʱʦ̫ԣ˫Ŀһɵ˵
ĽǰǳʦǰʶĺѣŽӵؾϢʱĽǰڱͣһάؾڴôʦĽǰһͬġƺʦ̫Ҳǳɵæ͵˵
άؾڣʲôʦ̫һ˿Ȼˡ
ǻһڱ֮࣬˿ġҪϷǡڷͣӳѳҹ£ΪһԸɰͰ͵ĵ𣡡ĽҲĻص
æҵҲö˵ʲôЩôһ£ʦ̫ɫԻһӷϷµʮӣʵ
ЩУʮ˴ŷŵɫ⣬ȫŵɫͳһΣȻȫǻһڵӡ
ŶҶǼرҪϲСϵģ㲻Ϊֻǰװ׵İæɡЩҴŽдĵӣҲͽΪڼȻϴ˻ԵˣȻ׷ŹˡĽŴ˸Ƿ˵
ʲôеҲؾУԲеġʦ̫һ⻰ٴη
ٺ٣£αؽ˵ԣ¶ǿġ˵Ҳֻܴһ֮ԣǷԣȻҪһ󣬲ġ
ʱһİӸ߿дһ֮ͬʱһȥ
ֻɫɽϿգһһ󣬴Ȼֳһ䵥ֳһѻɫŽȶѣ˫һɫְϡ
ˣǸղ˵Ŀɶģʦ̫ɫһĳߺʵ
Ȼġ£֮ԷԴ£ǻ֪ĽݵѴǱŻ˵ģ򻰣һԴµġ߹һЦ˵һת󣬾·һȥˡ
ŵʦΪڳڴˣȻʲôֻǸɵ۵վԭ󻯾ǿǽ̸š
ߣʲôͷϺԸѵܽʱάһϲɣʦ̫ĺһдȻ˿¶˵
ٺ٣ҪĽݵѼκ󣬲жϵġʹΣӦҲܽάʱӳϰɡЦЦĻص
ϣһΣʦ̫һˣٿ۴һۡ
ĽȻվղȻԴ˻Ĭϵġ
ЧóȻĽݵѹġϾϷҲǺܷɻ顣˴˸Ƿĺ˵
ܾʱӳϣûһڵҲؾҲǲ飬ֻҪϸƵġʦ̫ٴһ˵
ǺǣȻʲôҶʹĽݵȵڴٺԼһɡϾʱҪÿһӣ˵Ӱҵȼջġ˺ǺһЦ˵
ĽҲ¶һ˿Ц
ʱ䣬˸Էһ䣬ȫ¶ĻɽȥˣƬ̺󣬷׷׵ûɽвӰ
ؾھȻڴ˻ɽС
ŵȸʦȴûĴ£Ǵ󶼽ŵķźͻһڵȵϡ
ֻ֪Ƿʩչ˺ֶΣֻǶźɫɽɽһ¡ļС̼乤ͻΪ˰ưССɽСĵС
󣬽۵ʿʹŷźͻһһɵӣҲڸһ͸ֱ
Ȼûʯ߲ýƵ˼ֱڸϸϢ
Щ鷳ˣûԽĻһڣȻҲһӣ૵˵Ҳ֪ﻹ֮˵ġ
ղ˵ǰ㣬ܽؾάʱ䳤ĻҵȼؾռԴȻҲġƺҲʲô°ɡʦüͷһ壬мɻ֮ɫ
ǬؾдʱջȻӣͬҲˣڷͻʻἱӵġر˻һڵӺ󣬿εԶҪΣնˡϾһڿǶһڣҵȼ²ܺԿģµʵ֮ǿ֪˸οźͻһڴĻӣ·ѾˡеĴһͬġԣЦĻص
⻰һ˼󣬾Ǵ˵ɫѿ˼֡
ʦҲ̫ˡǷؾҲ飬һȻǿҲǰ֪ǿɹġҿЩһڵӣֻǵŽдĽϳɫӶѡ˻Ǽڻкܴʤġ˼һºһЦ˵
ţҲֻϣˡŵͷȻӡ
Ͼλʦԣڵʵڼвƣһ¼ǿƵĻһڣʱؾ֮ҿ֪ˡ
Щ֮䵽ϵʱȻҲµϥˡ
˵ǷŻǻһڣû̫ӰġΪ˶ռһЩԴʮа˾ŻҪ֮˷ͻġ
ʱֻҪ¾ˡ
˼ʱ򣬺ȻŲһ𣬾ߵ丽
һת׿˭󣬲΢΢һˡ
ʦ㣬̸𣿡Ŀ΢ʵ
˺ȻŮ
ѾָԭȵŮģڸһɵ֮УԵúۡ


112 ؾ֮
ʦܣ֪㾫һҪǿĶ࣬ɴЩһڵиӦʲôȴüͷһûͷûβĻ
ʦѵʲôˣ߲ûʲô쳣Ӧԣмֲ֮ɫˡ
ҴɣȽؾʱʦһŵʱǶСһɣһŵк˲ҵ֮Ӱ죬סҵӣӦҲǾǿڡɫ仯κ󣬲˵˵
һд˵ȵӣԣ̲סĳǱ߸һۣϧԶֻԼһЩģӰ޷ٿʲôˡ
ʱȴٶ˵ʲôֻ΢һͷ󣬾ʱǰȻ뿪ˡ
ʦܣʦøղź˵ЩʲôָһڵʱȻһ˹ʵ
ԭʦ֣ʦֻǺļѣüͷһһۺ󣬵Ļص
ʻ֮˾λϽ̫ĵӡݲ԰ף˫ĿϸǶһĵӣȻδڴϳֹ˵һѾĳ뻯Զе֮ˡ
ȻĻʦܻʦԭЩĺãʡʦֵʲôɫ˵
һϸۺȴٺһĲˡ
һĻдŭĿһ˿׹˵ʦܻ֪ɼѾ׵ˣŲúʦþĳˡʦʶȤһЩĺãĻ㿴Աʯͷ³
һ˵вĻͻȻһָԱһŻɫʯһ㣬Ȼת뿪ˡ
Ŀ΢΢һƳ̾Ϳʯһ±ޱȺ󣬾͡顱һıѶ
°ͣĿеһ󣬾ͽԺˡ
ʱһĹȥԼСպԶɽڶݹһӰһɶֱ߼ˡ
Ƭ̺󣬹âһ󣬵ڿֳʦ̫ͳˡ
ؾѾȶˣȵ棬׼ؾˡʦ̫˵
һڵˣҵȵпʮ˽ؾʣ֮澲ȺϢЦݵĳ廯һһɵ˵
ǣҵȽǰ֮һڵУһ޳굱һ˵
Ȼû⣬ǾͿʼжɡʦ̫һԸͺͳٴתɽһɶȥ
ڵڱʦ£һӶӵҲɽڿշȥ
һС˾͵˻ɽϷһȥܺںɫңһɹðĺɫ
СˣڵΪ޷ֵ˵¶ȣǻʩȥġ
ص˵һһʱһɫһŶ΢΢һһ̽Ǭ˰УȻΪһź¼һûʧӰ١
Ļ΢
ʱԱʦҲѾͬʩһҲԼʯͬ뵽еһݶȥˡ
ֻǰһһʢ󣬾ѾһƬˣںɫֱȴδܵ˿ȶȣһɿȥ
Լ˰յʱܺһܾɫһ±˺ں
һΣֻ¶Ƭ̼乤򣬾һһ޴󶴿ˡ
һȥаĶСӣȫ⻬쳣ĺɫʯڣƺ÷Ӳһ㡣
ĴһĶСɫǶĺɫռ侧ʯһȥٿŵľĿÿһŶмС
ڷܻʯ̨Զһˣʦ棬ʦ̫ȼǿߡ
ǰһԲ״һɹɰ׹⣬ȫۼϿеһɾ͹С
˹ֱ߰ɣȴڿתͣϢ˿ûеӡ
ڷĴȴһڽɫ޶вͣһööɫģȫһûɫС
´ʱ򣬸ڵȫ˶УĸԾۼһ
ĿһɨȴȻɽǱߣȻһöݺݵĿ⿴

һǾɽݺ󣬲ȻһЦ
ǵڷԵϺ䶷ŵӽʱǰһЩҲһЩģȴû̫ĸı䡣
ԼȴΪϴҺԵʣθıǲСˣҲӻһϳ
뵽󣬳Է΢΢һЦ󣬾ͽĿһնأΪǰԵʣһڷ˹ȥ
ֻһʮŮУŮӶмɫҲ󶼳ƵϢϸ΢ȴҴҼ޷ϳʲô쳣
ӦˣǴ˺һαװԼˡ
ûҶ࿴ʲôĿ˻Ҳɨһ顣
ڵӣȫһۣ˱ϱѪӵȴѪɫΪһ˵ѪϢɽȻλӣ󶼴ŹĹҵƤ
ʱʯ̨һƤư͸ĹӣڵĿˡ
ܺãȻ˶ˡһ󣬾Ϳʼؾɡ
䣬һಡһһȼʹ˼ȵĲڸϡ
ڴ֮ǰٽһɡϾһڿǿˣ̫ܲĹɡһѪɫ۵ĸӣһۺһЦ˵
ߣһκǰͬҪʲôΨһĹ򣬾ǲҪ򣡽ؾӣԲκֶκηʽռԴڴڼԸеӳٰǰõģøڻõԴټʦ̫ȴޱ˵
ٺ٣µѶδӺİУɣ͸ӣһЦ˵
Ϸû
òˣ

ڴڣҲĬϣͷ
Ľλһڻǿߣȴ˫Ŀ΢еĲǰԲ̣ʼնδ˵
ܺãȻλûǾЩʼ׼ɡ˿һȼСƽ˵
Ϲأһθͬʱһ˹ȥ򵭵˵
Դ˷ȻҲû
ǵǸȼմʱڵӿʼ½߽мķУȻһһ£һľͱӲ뵽ɫУȻһľʹ˲Ӱ
ߣȽǬϽȵĴʦ֡
ڵһӣȻҲʵǿ֮ԷһʲôĻҲȶӦһ
ڵ߲͵Уһת󣬾һ°ĳһƬ˸ҲС
ǿվһ̾ͿȽЩӣȫһѶѵվڸ
ʮɵĸ߿Уͬһͻɫţתͣ
ߵУҲһ̫߹գλòԶطȻһƬï֣֮һһ޼ʵĴԭ
ƺƬĽ紦
ɿתԼ΢ָһº󣬾Ǭ˹ȥ


113 
ٹƬ̺еӶӻɫеոĴӵһ
ʱӻɫһ˴ʦ̫֮ˣΪĽݵرӳ֣άֱʱԭȳࡣؾдһʱ䣬ٷش˵صġסֻһʱ䣬ʱˣǾԶȥˡ
ʦ̫һͣ£ɫžʹٱļž
λʦܶ˰ɣҲжɡԭʦ⴦СؾĻһжⱻ֮˸ơؾ㹻󻰣ͷͷжٶռ㹻ԴǬĿһɨ˺󣬵˵
ٺ٣ؾŨԪСȥģȻǸжˡǾͬеģͷʬһǿӣٺһ˵
Ҳͬ뷨ҿɲĳЩһжִ͵Ȼؾǧ껹֪һҾ˷콵ԵġҲЦһ˵
еָ˭֪ˡ
ʣµǮ߳Ȼû˵ɫҲǲ˼
ܺãȻλʦܶǴ˼ǾͷͷжԸɡڼ䣬ͬյĻҪһʱ֧ԮġǬÿɷĵͷ
ʱڵƺҲͬˣ֪˭ͷ£ȫһɢЩ򸽽ɭһ˶ȥЩȴֱӼڿգԭһ̽ȥˡ
ʩչڿ֮ˣضֻʮɶѣҷɵ̫ߡ
˭Ҳɵ֪δ֪Σյطɵֻ̫ѡ
ΣһЦҲ巺ɭַһȥˡ
͸߳˵Ľߡ
ǬǮˣȴٻһƣڿշȥˡ
תۼ䣬ԭؾֻʣʯˡ
ʦܶСһҲһˡ
ʯһҲڿնߣȥ򣬺ȻβǬλڴʦֶȥġ
ЦһЦתһƮȥ
̧գٳδ뿪ĵһۺҲٻһŻһɶȥ
ۿɵֱԵȴȻһ䣬ֱԵһ༤ȥˡ
ʣ¼Ƭ̺ҲѡȺ뿪ˡ
һڻһ鷨̻һ·ĵͼһСĹ۲һС
ܴӦ˵ɭֲŶԡ
һɳ˴ʱҲδľͷһ·ϰ쳣˿һЩ֪С⣬δʲô֡
ȴʼǷǰˡ
в㣬Ѿ˽λԶˣֻҪСһӦöʱڲڵӡ
˼ʱ򣬺Ȼʼƺֻһ㣬Ƭ̺ͱĺ¡¡
һԭһȥֻԶɫƽϣ֪ʱĸֳһ˿ͷĺɫǽҷһ·ڼ
ɫһκԥһͷתһɶȥ
Ȼ֪ɫǽʲôڣҲԲʲôöҲ֪ЩԭǷ˭ѵıˡ
˻Ҳֻรˡ
еǶʮɸߵĲ
һУ̽ڿһգתָԼӳһ󣬾һſľƮƮһݶС
ûжú֮ԶŽŲһĴ
ɭԲ֪δľ֮󶼲һ֪ĺɫڵϸ߸ߵĺҶ°벿ȫûΪ࣬ϰ벿ȴſҶԭò
ƬϷȫصķʺ֦Ҷֻкһ͸£·Եóʪ쳣
Ŀһһһɿ󣬾ȻûϣЩݡ
ϸ˿Щۣٴָһգ
顱һ
һΣӦѶ
ȴҡҡͷעЩļǰһƮȥ
ǰ˴ԼһٷȻɫһһһƮ£˺Ҷϣһ˾ͳһֻʣɵĿήǰ
ϰ벿ֲ֪ǺԭĵȻ޴棬°벿ƤҲɱݻ쳣һûеӡ
ſݸȤĿȫ˴°벿ֱһСƬںɫľϣƺͨľƣǱԵȴһȦȦƣɢһ֮㡣
һͳһɫĺ伮дšȫĸ֣ɿķ
ǴٳʱرַʮӵģԷ©ʲôϡԴ
ϾЩӿɲרŲҩʦȻҲ֪һЩģֻͨɫһЩеȻܶӴġ
жⱾ伮ֻҪҴȿһ飬һӡ󣬾ͿڷֽƶʱóͼƬ˵ϸˡ
ⱾȫвҩݣഫеϡĺһЩù
ָһ٣ҳһͣ
ȻǽⶫһЩ߽鵤ĸϣټһСƬҲֵǧʯɡ˿伮ͼƬһϵһϲ˵
ȡһСľУһֻһתȻһɫ̽
΢΢һһһ󣬽ͬһСƬľһͬնõ׼õľڡ
ľһ֣ͽСɻƶС󣬾һһţڸѰһ
һʱڸſҵƬһƬȷֵĲСһƬȴıС
˵̶ʱڣջǧʯԴˡ
ȻΪ⡣
Ȼ֪ǼΧ϶ջģǿѹ˷֮ĵ뿪˴򣬼ǰС
Ȼֵƣֵ˷̫ʱġ
ϾؾʱޣҪѰҴؾеȥ
㣬ĳһ·жߣ·һЩҩݣѰһһú󣬾ٴ·С
ûжúоͶֲ߰ͬݣмֵģҲмֵʤһģջ񲻴
ȻеһͣĳžϣԶһŴ֦ͷȥ
ֻǸ첲ϸ֦ͷǰˣȻһͷСʬ壬СѾɣʣµĲȴһεεʺѪҺ
ͬʱһѪ֮Ÿ򣬴Ǹոȥûӡ
Ȼ֪ȻؾУ϶ڣΣȻһ


114 ˮѪ
Ŀɿ쳯һɨδʲô쳣ں󣬲һƮ˹ȥ
ߵǰŷ֣ͷë׵С޺Ȼһֻʴ˵ľͻãӵϣҴӰ״¶쳣־Բǳصġ
ۺ󣬸ӵĽһֻư˾ʬͷ­ͬʱһ˳ָ˲һӿ
һ̣ɫ΢΢һˡ
ʬвķȻͨӣһֻͽޡ
ʱಡһһںɫϸͻȻӴϼٶ֮죬ֻһ͵ҪֱӶ
ԭӶҲȴȻֱһһѺںɫץ˸ʵʵ֮һͺȣǰһ
顱һ
һɫƤʱӲһ£ڷ;УͻȻһģΪһͷͱڻеޣצֱһץ
ǸںɫϸȻǴ޳ࡣ
ۡۡ
дмһ󣬾ͽ³նأʬڵϺѪֱֱ
Žͷһɶ֦һƮ£䵽ʬԱߣ´
ͷɵޣ쳣ƽɫȴΪһ⻬쳣ɫƤֻצ΢΢쳣ӡ
Ȼһͷɫޣֲ˽붼޷֡޵ݺȴһϲ
ɫȻȽײߣһƤȴʮѵãµ֮һ
һ󣬵һɫ̽ͳС
һյ蹤󣬵ϾֻʣѱһɶѪˡ
µɫƤһն𣬾κͣļ·ˡ

վһŴ֦ͷһŴϣȻмͷνɵıӰޣŵΧס
ЩƤëȫӡųɫƣ˫Ŀ̹һͷһͺ£ȻһţһſȭͷѿһΪһӰֱ
ۡۡ
΢΢һһɳֻһӶͽǼŻһ֮һָֻһһâֵֻļţ㶴ͷͷ­ķء
⼸ͷ޵ҲԵĴӰֱ׹£κϢˡ
ٿ⼸ͷκһۣһ󣬾ʹʬϿƮȻ
Щͷֻ糣ĻޣȻΪǶͣʲôġ

һصطһ˸߻ΪһӰľɿݲѣûǰЩĴݲӡ
Զ죬һź׷š
ȻֳһһųХһںбѶ
һĺڵӺһ£ȫдĺɫ䣬ÿһָֻСͨ鲼ɫƣβ¶Ŵںڶ롣
ȺȻ谭Ƭ̣Щ׹µĺڷδ䵽ϣ˵ٴչ𣬸ղ˴򣬾ƺδ̫˺һ㡣
һ֮ٴν׷ȥ
ʱһ£һĶˮУˮ
Ⱥ˵ˮϿ˺һ󣬲Щεķߵˡ
ٹƬ̺ųһĴˮһϺһպ·Ȼɾˮ鶼δմȾӡ
˿Ⱥ뿪ķϻһ˿֮ɫ
ȺɱȴлҪѲĺܣм죬ҶԴ෨мǿԣҪǰڴ˵ҵһˮһ˲ٹ˲һȺ󣬿»жӲƴЩˡ
ԷȺ֮࣬ȻɨɾһҲҪĵ߰˰ˡ
ִΣյĵطȻʮҪ顣˵Ϊ˻ָҪ˷ѵʱˡ
˼ţһ׿˿еɫֲüЦ
ͨ鲼ɫߵ㣬˴ȻһƴСɫտĴʮöɫӣһ쳣Ҵд֮ԪϢ
ˮȻڴ˵ҵƾԻһƷˡؾ֮໹ԶԭġૼȡСһ˿˷ܵļ·ˡ

һطһľĿտ֮أһѪӵСĵľĴȥ
ڳ̵ľΧ£УһʺѪݾ
ѪӵֳһѪɫУԵ·նͣÿһ֣ϻ֮ɫŨһ֡
ۿֻҪټҪ˶ݴֿɵþʱͻ
ԭľͻȻѪһȫѪӵӿȥ
ѪӵܱѡμȻǷͬһ֮ȻһһʱһѪɫĻͬʱѪɫȻһӺ󣬻ûӰĳܾնȥ
ЩӰһѪɫ󣬶ʱһ֮֮ĿնȻֻնĸѡ
ҲѪӵһȣ㽫бַɳˡ
֮ûһƺ󣬾ͽѪӵӲİУмȫһѪɫĻӲסδ˺ֺ
Ѫӵᵽʺģʱһַ˻ȥһԵһ֣ҪʩչĳִԷܾ
ЩǷһֵʱܾȻһЩļ̶ʱ̶֮ǿ·ǿӲһ͡

ѪӵӼȻŵľڣĻֶΣȴѾˡ
һѪɫĻֵֻһ乤򣬾͹âһɢ
һҽкѪӵӾͱļ̶ǧٿס
ͬʱܾû赲µһսͽͽӲ˺ѶѪ⽴Ӿ϶Ӳһ
ЩѪⷽһ·ϣʱ˿״һȫѪУƴȡ
̼乤ѪۿɼٶȷɿʧԭһŵľŻһɶһжָ糣
ҪǵϻһѪɫкͼõ󣬿˭Ҳʲô쳣
Щڸһ䶯Ҳĳʧˡ
ʱյرԵһŴȴȻһİӵľȻѾ¶мҪԸ㻹׾ٵˡ
䣬ǿŴӰһΣ߳һŷεĸߴһɫŽȣһƺͳһһ޶ӡ


115 Ͽ
ĳüۣһ϶ʱĳɫƺܱ¶ҲΪ֮һ¸˼֡
겻ŲæĴһŵɫһʱһģƾʧˡ
һ̣ĴϿգһ𣬸ֳһöɫ֪ģȻۡһƾѶΪһɫĻĽѪС
겻ŲæĽŽһ֮д
ˡһ󣬰ŽϿʼͬʱһööĴһƮΧŴȷ費
Ƭ̺ӶɢϢĸ£Ĺޱ
¶޶ã赭дĽӳžһӡ
͡һ
һӰŽһΪ𺣵ĽǰƬȫС
ɲǼ䣬Щڻ¿𣬵ͻȼ£乤򣬾ȫ໯Ϊ˺ڻҡ
֮УֻǱɫֻ΢΢âҩӡ
һĳɢ굱΢΢ڵ棬ɫִ˹ȥ

ͬһʱ䣬ɭһطһݽŮӣĴ߶һھӨһ߰ɳĺںš
ŮȻһХг趯֮£ΪһƬɫ֣κ;һһ˶Ѫбһն¡
Ůһȵ˸һŴ֦ͷϣ˿޴ڲͣľʬһۺ󣬾ޱĽгһأһתƮȻ뿪ˡ

ԭһһŮòЩƵĻһڵӣֵһƬȺлš
ǧǣÿһͷţСи¶ھԱߵһŮȴ޶ãǸһ㡣
Ƭ̹һԻһŮӾʹȺԽԽԶջΪɫСĲӰ

ԭԶĵһǽϱ鲼ʯĶУȻֻȱȫĻοֻܺͬ˺ѷ޴ѪޣԼһ߼Сĸɱʬ塣
ʬ崩һۣͨͷ϶һȭͷСĿ׶治˿ѪҺ

վɭֱԵһž֦ͷϣֵĳԶš
Ƭɭ֮Զǰ󣬾;棬˳Զڵ澰ִһ
һ泤ϿΪߣһףһߺȻѩı硣
ʹĳȣҲΪȻˡ
˫Ŀϸ֮£ȴֱѩǱߣȻΪëѩԵ޷̫ԼһƵľ޴ɽͲڷѩ֮
ȻĶ
κεطһ㶼ɽطԪŨ֮ҲǸ֮
ڷѩɽ˾޴ʮа˾ؾڣֻҪܽɽȥԴˡ
Ͼؾ˹㣬ϻҪ㷵صʱ䣬ȥ̽Ҳһжٻġ
˼ţĿ⳯һɨδӰ󣬵һٻƵԶϿȵ͵һɶȥˡ
ûжãͽӽϿȴۿҪϿϿһӶʱͻȻһëȻоͷ˿ûеӿɫһ󣬼ʶһ٣
һֱ˵ʮԶɫЩ׵ס
ǿҵԤף׵δʱһ޷սʤˣʱоһ޶ġ
ʱҪǬȣҪ˵˺ɷƬġ
ɫĴӿл£ͷΣոоŻ˶ȥ
Ŀ΢΢һһԥǰ˼ɣңңϿȶ·ֱɨ˼ۡ
ֻϿȴԼʮң߰ʮɵطȴȻȫǻҰɫŨ·ʲô
üͷһĿ򸽽һɨ󣬸һؿ֦
΢һ࣬о·һֱȻһ֣ͽ֮ϿȶݺһͶ
ಡһ֦Ӳ漤ȥɳϿһԶ󣬾Ȼһٵ·׹ȥˣٶ֮죬ƺǰҪϼ֡
ɫһԥִӸϱһͷ­Сʯ飬ɿһת˫һʯͷ·ͶʯȥĺХɳ
һΣʯ鲻ɳ߰ɾ룬ͬȻһϿһȥˣ··ĳ־Ӳһ㡣
Ȼ
ڵһжϡ
ҪͷӦһҲĺǰ֦ʯͷһ㣬ֱӱϿˡ
Ȼ֪·ʲôҲʲôö
ȻȻټһγΣ֮ҲԶһġ
һͽҪӲ˵һɶǰ첻顣
Ҫʹ˷̽ԶɽȻҲǲܵ顣
һɵķ
ֱͨǱߵʯţ˵мֻġ
һ뵽ʯš֣ɵͷһ
һۺ󣬺ȻٴڿնϿȱԵĳһȥˡ
ʱһƬȻʯϿмʱ򣬲ͷϲ
Щʯִ쳣зǳܣмЩҲԶСЩֻĳ߶ѡ
ЩʯѰһҳһ˵·ߺ󣬵Ͳٳɵһһһ󣬺ݺݲԶһʯ
һ󣬵ݺһȵ棬ξȻʯȥ
ۡһһ뿪ϿԶȻоһһȥ
ȴֱȻһǰһɶȥһһɫ̽뵽ʯһʯϣҲ档
ʱֻóޱȣһһޱȣ·ǧ֮һ㡣
ʹԶͨӵȻгޱȡ
һ̣һȻͷһģ֫ȫͬʱһֺһһӿ
ɫ̽һζһʯˡ
ǿվһʯһɶһʯһȥ
һͺȣһһʯһݶȥˡ

֪ԶһϿȴһִʯȻϿߡ
߳ȭѪ棬ÿһʯΪ֮һ
ȻӴ֣ʹһϿһߡ

ϿȱԵһڷεŮӣȻƵڵͿС
˿Ͽȶ漸ۺ󣬺ȻһץһͷͻݺһͶ
÷һɳԶȥ;ֱֵϿ׹ȥ
ŮӼΣü΢΢һ¶֮ɫڼʲô
Ƭ̹ŮĿоһȻŵѩױһζǰһ󣬵һɾ˽һ


116 
Ůһ߳󣬳콣Ȼڿһ󣬾гһͶȥһ֮ȫһ˿ʣĲӰ
ŮȻһѩױһȵ󣬾ͻΪһɭȻ⳯漤ȥٶ֮죬׹ʯһ㡣
˿ĻᾪĽг
ǽ޵ʦԺ󾳽󣬲пյһ˵츳ԲһЩĽ޼ʹʦ磬Ҳ޷ʩչͨġ񵱳ͨԿеڵŮӣȻʱֳƷΪҲԶŮӣʩչͨ
Ҵǽȫͱעһ壬նɱǿеģ˿ɶϿȣȴʵǴСˡ
ϿȻˡ
溮⼸󣬾ͷ˺ӲƣֱӶݵϿȶ棬һֳŮӵӰ
ŮӢ˵΢΢ףȻղŵķҲ䲻ٷٻһϿȺ󣬾΢΢һЦĽһ壬Ƿѩ֮ǰˡ

һϿϿգһѪ˾յĻţÿ߳һѪһʢͬʱһѪɫ䡣
ֻһѪɫڿȺɢѪ˾˿ͣûеĵϿȶ棬һ̧׺󣬺Ȼ¶һȻ֮ɫĶʮס
˫Ŀȵŷѩصľ޷󣬾һĳǰѩС

ಡһ
ֻȻʧ󣬵ϲȻһк˾ķԾһɶ룬ֱӳϿȶһסͻʯմ
ϿȣֻʹޱȣЦһȻٽһն𣬾һĴǰС
һٷѩԵԶããأһҧС
˼һɷѩӭһһ飬ֻ¼Ҫһ㡣
ɫȻ£˼ĵһӿȫʵʵͬʱ麣зһӿںȫһɾھѣʼձ˿˿ȡ
һǳһǰš
˵طѩ֮󣬻ԶԭԤ֮⣬ڷѩ֮УȻʱʱļһЩȭͷСľӨϺ󷢳顱顱
Ҫ߶ڤǾŷĻסȫ¹Щܽ˸ͷѪˣ˵ǰˡ
һɹɷѩ󣬻ñ̹ǣѪҺʱʱҪסһ㡣
Ψһģֻǿڷѡ
ĽȻ÷ɿš
ѩ粢̫㣬ʹ޷ڿյһȥҲֻ߳ԶѩȻһֹ˳
һһĽһɢѾǰľ޴ɽһȥֳһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
ǰɽʵ̫ŹһЩ
ɽش¿ȥ˿ռʵ̫һЩ⣬һǴӰȥȻɽַֻСѵϸСЩɽ
ԶԶȥͷ·һֱֻһ㡣
ʱʮķѩУһ޴Ӱдһɱ֮һ
һæһȥ
ֻǾ޴ӰȻһͷɸߵľԳܣͨ·Ǿƶɵһ㡣
ڵӣ
һ£ô˵ں;ڻһ˵ġ
Ŀһɨм־ˡ
ͷԳܸյģ˿Ӱڡ
ǺǣԭڵʦܡʦҲܰȻ˵أɼʵˡȻһӾԳϴ˳
ǡ
ȻһĿ৵һ£ȫ˾Գϡ
ŶʦһμִͿܰɣͳʦܼһɡ
ЩǸĻ󣬾ԳͻȻ׹һ¶һ˸ߵСйһԲԲЦӣһʹøеӡ
ᣬʦܼЦˡԲ귽һ߳Цݵĳк˵
ԭ֣°״졣ĿһҲһȭĻص
״졭ܹСʦܵڵӣ̫ˡһϹЦˡ
Ŷʶңһ˿֮ɫ
ٺ٣Сʦܿĸ֮ӵеĲٿؿ츳ǧһģԴӰкȴĸӷˣһֱҪִֵܰܵġ˵·ٿʲôϡ涫´ͣ
СϴӮҲǽ֮٣ٶֻʲôʤġͷϡĺܰ
˻ȴüͷ΢΢һ壬֮һת˵
ȷֿװĿܾǾҲġֿҲб״ģ·߻ͨղȻʮֺʹ˶ĻȴֻǸˣϾͷҲ̫һЩ̾Ϣһ
ԭˣּȻ˴˵أ֪кδģͷ˿ɫһ䡣
⻹˵Ȼ˱ɽȻֶܿˡʦܣҪҪͬУп̽·ܱһðҪһЩġգգ۾Ļص
лֺ⣬ǰһЩϢһ£Żῼǽɽ顣ԣ˼Ļص
ȻҾͲǿʦˣĳһˡԲ˿ɫûУЦеһ֡
֮һתԳڡ
žԳܡ¡һվֱӣǵԶɽһ߶ȥˡ
˿Ȼ飬ÿһɶ룬Ȼ̼û벻ԶɽֵĲӰ
žԳԶȥķ˫Ŀ΢һ󣬾һ΢ƫбЩһȥˡ
ûжúɽֱԵһտһƤ󣬵׹ЫڹһֶǰСĦº󣬾ûвӰ
Űĵϥ£ʼϢǰĵ
һǰ֮ã˫Ŀһʱ򣬲ڷָҲԱǰࡣ
ϾǰľҲΪĲٵġ
ۡһ
һð׹ЫһɵĽƺм˿֮ɫӡ
΢΢һŷֻǰϲ֪ʱĸһű̵ľӨʯ
ľʯ
һѽӹɫʯ΢鿴һºЩĽг
ǽúڸЩҵġԾ֮£̲סĳ׹Ыʵ
˹ۿº󣬺ȻһŤ뵽֮£һСһǰкȻֶӨӨʯ
ѵľԾʯһ£һˣ֮ȻĶ


117 ղݺ
Ҫ֪ľʯֵ֮оʯҲǰéˡ
ϾҩֲβԾʯǴ֮ƫƫľԾʯԵоʯȴϡٵĶࡣ
һŵͽľʯʮʯģнľʯĻֵٷ϶ʮǺϡ顣
һɵĵһתǿھӨ̽һע󣬷ų߳ɭȻâµһȥˡ
âɨ֮󣬷·𶹸ıһж
һֻֻһץһ󣬾ͽһСӳ⡣
ͬʱ׹ЫҲֻͬڸھͣ
һʱһʮɳĴֱͨͳڣѻһС
׹ЫͻȻֹͣھһŤΪ·Ӱ
˫Ŀһɫ̽һһȥĴ·Ȼһʯ㡣
˵Ĵ߶ж̽·ɿնº󣬵һᣬ˾ʹӸ߿һˡ
ȻһȻʯߣʮɶѣܰ͹ƽĻҰʯϣȻǶһЩɫʯһЩ֪ɫʯ
¶ʯĲ֣ȭͷССȴֻжСͬʱ߶һϢ
ϲߵʯڴ鿴һʱȻŵһŨŨĲľϢĿһɨ£ڶ߽䴦ַһεСݣֻͨ徧Ө͸һɫš
ղݡ
ֻǶԴС΢һ󣬾;ϲĽг
ɿӻȡǱȫһĺ̾һҳҵһģһͼƬ
ղݣ֮ľϡ쳣ֻľŨ֮ص֮࣬ٶģ۵ɢҩҪϣϷǡ
ɿ쿴ͼƬϽܺٶսдСݣȷһ޶󣬵κԥ˹ȥȥһָᴥһ¡
ָ⴦һɱ֮⴫
ٷһץСݸȡһ˿ڱһһŨŨǣͬʱһ
һ޶Ǵݲˣ˺öȻȻܴȥˡ
ૼ󣬾˫ĿŹĽݴвժһˮ΢ϴһº󣬾һͶȥ
ԭΪӦΪѳԵɫСݣһӴͷ˲䣬һڻһ֭Һɤһ롣
զզں󣬾е춼ǽ֮ζչ˼Ƚţº󣬲δоʲô쳣仯
˲ݵĸıһѭ򽥽Ḷ́ϼЧġ
ҲΪˡ
ݣȻ֪ʯȻܵ伮ϳƺΪϡ쳣ֵ֪֮ˡ
ζ˼¿еټʯıϵЩʯʯʱȻԱߵİ׹ЫɡĹֽһ½ǰ߸߾Ķ׼ĳʯڣٴаľٶ
һæĿ֮ʯȥŷʯϺȻһ߳ķ϶Ҵйӿһ˿˿ɫ
ǡ
һתδʲôӦʱͺȻеһΣдһ˿
ж
һʧڣ֮˲ס˺һȥͬʱɿӻȡһɫСƿеһų쵤ҩС
ʱŸеͷ­еѣһ¼˼֡
Ȼ֪ɫ֮ǿԶԤ֮⣬ղŷõĽⶾû̫Чġ
ҪǸոбٶЧղݣǰϴҺ˵ղžͻϢĵжˡ
׹Ыƺ̫ɫ˿󣬷βһ±ֱ˫Ŀһ´ʢ˼֡
ʱ϶дһ˻˻ɫȻһӿ󣬴һϵĽ׶򼣬泤̣ͨӿвͣɫһ֪Բͨ档
͡һ죬ЫβֻһͻΪʮߵȼ
ľ޴򼣬£һƾնʮںɫСɫѪʱзɽ
һʹ󣬵ŭһ̣һķ˶ͬʱϸǰһ䶯ðһСϺɫҪݺݵĳЫ
׹Ыһζһıܿ˶ԷͬʱβȻһΣͽӵͿմһšಡһͻΪһӰ˶ԷϣӶǰĳһвѡ
ͷϼ׿ƺӲޱȣԹЫǰķȻҲֻ滮һ̲һĿӣ޷һشԷ
βͣ£ڶֺС
޴ʢƾܵƣȻ治ͣŤ֫ϼ̽滮צϸۣжµԽŨܣ۳һɫŽȫС
ʯڶʴ£ʼ׷׵ڻ
ԭȥæһ£ֻǰоŵһ˿ͷ­һһֺ˿
ЫȫռϷˣǰˡ
Զ̹ھ޴͹Ыȫһţɫڵ£óȻˡ
ҲάһСɫͺȻ
ֻŨŨɫ£ԭޱȵİ׹Ыһ͹󣬶һ³ٻͬʱ˫ĿҲ˲˼֡
һѹЫЮƵķ𣬿ʼ˺ҧ
׹Ыԭ׹ɭɭʼֳһֲĵɫ
ɫ֮ǿʱһ֮£׹ЫҲ޷ֵסˡ
ɿһת󣬾ͺʹ߶ͨĹͨ˰׹Ыʶ
һ̣ЫȻβһģĿ裬Ӳ˰벽󣬾֫һĵһķɳ˶
ǰǰȻϰݵģ˻˻һ󣬾ʹѪĽ׷
һɫһಡಡ죬߰ö˲伤
ͷһҪضУȴѾˡ
ֻһзоȫ׼ȷն˾ϡ
ֻһꡱЩûС֮࣬޷޷ֺˡ
˶渺ʹ֮£͵һ뵽ɫС
ɷһһתоͶһɫ̽һͺȺ󣬾ͳһն
ۡһһɫӶ̽һһŵĶ
һ̣˻˻죬Ѫӿ֮첻ѣ·滹ƴʲô
üһж̽һգһһſųиֶһ󣬾ŷ
䡱䡱󣬻ȺڶбѶΪĽһȫûС


118 Ϯ
ڻнɢʧƬ̹κ촫ˡ
˫Ŀһкӳһһɿһȫһ¶˵ؽһƬʬ塣
мˡ
ֻ澹ȻԻ濹ҲĸߣڻоֱӻΪ˻ҽܻвк¡
ʱಡһԭЩ޾ɵĹЫ߳˳ȥһһʬԣֻǰһ˺󣬾ʹмг
һϺɫһűɫʯ
ֻȭͷСвʱһɫҺ壬һڵϣһɫ׶
ȻڵĶҡ
һɫʯһ·ľʯϸһȴܷ־ʯɫһľʯŨغͻࡣ
δ࿴ۣЫһſڣͽ˽˸УȻһֽУɫȻɢº󣬾ͺȻſϲˡ
ΣæһͨĹͨЫʶȴģȫû˿ķӦ
üͷһ󣬵ҲûԳŵɫͷЫѾԣȻɶӦµġ
ͷЫһ»˯첻ѣĻǿɾЩ鷳ˡ
Ҫ֪ʮؼʱʮֿܺŵӷҳͻҪȱ˹ЫͷֻʵС֮ġ
˼ʱ򣬰׹ЫɫѾɢȫˣǰһ֮£ԭеĴ̾ʯһͬʱðȫ˸겻͸
ԥһºǰĽö̾ʯǰϸ鿴һ¡
˽£ŷ־ʯԼһЩ˿״ɫԼɢŵζ
ɿһתȫضȫһ飬ȻκƵĶ
սƷֻܵȳȥ˱һˡ
˼ţĿ⳯ɨ˼ۺ󣬾򸽽һʯ˹ȥ
ŹЫ޷жʱȽеľʯʯһ˵˵ϲأ
һſľʯʯɫ̽С˳ʮ֮ࡣ
඼ָСľʯһҲȭͷСⷢнʯŶмСнľʯʹӦҲһӦ߰ʯġ
ʯȴЩʧһЩֵߵӿ
ֻǴѡ˼ֵߵģȥ
ʯȶպãһ۰׹ЫȻδļ󣬵ҡҡͷڶ߶ʲô©ĵطûע
Ƭ̹Ŀ䵽޴ķ϶ʱһ˹ȥڷ϶һģдˡĿ
˫Ŀһһɫ̽С
ֻɿһ֮һȭݺݻʯϣһߴСԲο׶ƾǰֶ
һƬóȻľ߽ȥ
дʺָһһ浯ƮƮķڶУڿв
кһƬڰɢһɶ
˸󣬵ɫһһ׵С
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ȻųѶǰͷ
ˣдϲ
ղͷѶȽҲ͵ģԼֱõۣ۸񶼾Բ͵ȥġ
ȡһУöСĵķУСպãټһµϺǡ
ϧһЩͽ޵Ĺͷ
δֺ˳ȥ
ʣµʱ䣬ڶһɾطϥ£ȴ
Ѿ˾׼ȺЫʱ䣬ͷһֱ޷ȽսУԼ·ѰҪˡ
ʱһĹȥˡ
Լȥһʱ󣬹Ыʼɫۿɼٶȷɿת䣬ձ˺ͷ綾һɫ
ڻڵӣȻȲǰͷƺҲ̫Զġ
ͷ׹Ыֻ˾򼶾ңȻͽ䶾̳ͨ˴
СɡһһĲӰ׹Ыֶˡ
ʱĹٴ۳һЩɫߵ⣬Ȼԭһ޶
˫ĿһУȻͨ˹
һ̣Ыһҡͷһſڣ帽ʯһ
顱һ
һɢסʯڣ̼һĸʴڻ
ΣдΪ⣬ٳɵվһһɺϼһͽ׹ЫСսС
һٻһƺ󣬴ͨһɶ
һɳͨʱ򣬺ȻֻǰѪһһѪɫо㻭˽ǰҪͷ­Ӳһն䡣
ɳʱһûУ׵˶ɵĽϰߣȻƱܵһֱǿ½һΣ붼ֱһģͶ̽ǰ
䡱һֻ˫һȣһ޷ֵײ£бŵɳͨӲײ
δܾŭ֮µסΣȻϤ֮ġ͡
ǰһ߰˵ɫоͷļҪ˲նء
ǻͨӣܵһҳڷ£κηˡ
ֻɫһһһֱϵţ˿ڿð֯һĻΪһ㵭ɫӰͬʱ޹ǵȻƶ۵һ
бĲ˼鶯Ӳ˹ȥһնУһ󣬾ͷ׷һɢ
һֱĻָ󣬾ƮƮĵˡ
ֻϺȻ˼ϸ˿ڣѪʶڲ̫ӣڷֻ˿ڴһ£ѪȻֹˡ
ͬʱϵһ㵭ɫӰҲڿµĻΪʵȻһ֯ɵļ£Ȼ֮ҲԻסϰҪˡ
ڹؼʱ򼤷ֱֲϵһӣ˲仯ΪһµĻסȫ
ҪǶԷ͵Ϯ̫ͻȻüʵ廯Щ˿ڶµġ
ʱɫ쳣ѿСΪʩչѪĳ鴤ʹһȻΪԶ͵ϮһһŮ
еһѪֺۣᵶɷʮ߰ӣŮһŷΣ欣һһۣгһ̳ߡ
ȫǳԾı飬Ȼղǰ͵ϮȻû֣ҲǴԤ顣


119 

Ŷˣǰ˿ڴ˿˿ʹһֵµ
ԭ£յǼףʹǼлټӰӦҲ˲ģƫƫոܵʱڷ֮У޷עϡ
ûзķףֻһЩͨǩѣûʲô֮Ǽ׵ľͻ˵
ڷѾָ糣ˣֻǽЩ΢ǩһע󣬷ĵطУɿֺˡ
ĻѪӵͷŮӻһۺ󣬺ȻͬʱЦ
ٺ٣СӣͲ󣬿ǲСΪղŽҶǵ㹥ܹǶˡҪʶȤЩĻ̽еıｻҺʦһ֮£˵ƹһСġѪһ£ߵ˷ŮԱߣЦһ˵
СֵӦòɡЩͷ֮ţж顣ղʦԣܶҶһֻǷӦһЩѣֲɣǹԹԽĺãٺãܺ𣡡ŮҲһԵ
ǵС
⻰˫ĿһУȻж̽һһӿһһ´Ȼȥ
ۡһ
ƾնһȭͷĿ׶һ˻һѪһ
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ɱҵСڣŮĿĴ˾һһ¾ŭļ
ͷ߿ͨʵȴӵһ˿ѪߣǴŮ֪ѶѪŴӷйܱ˾ٺ󣬾ԺӵʦʵҲûһ˿ϣġ
ʶһնɱŮʹ֪ˡ
ԱߵѪӵΣҲɫһ
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˿ŮܻĽٶ˵ʲôһһɫϼӴһ
ɡһ󣬰׹Ыɳڹֶˣһβ󣬾ҲһûвӰ
ǹʦСһ꣬һֽСӽ˵ûˣֻȻҲûκвˡѪӵĿô˾ͺһһѪɫϹѪһӿһ±ģ
һߵķŮӣͬһͺȣƺҲʹʧлָѣԹ֮Ŀݺݿһۺ󣬿ʼӶɫ̳
һֺ󣬴ŮȸֳһɫĻ֮Ư֮߰ߣȻΪԤЫӵ¶͵Ϯ
ŴŮһǰһɫпʼֶ߰˵֮ӡ
ɣ
ΣĿ΢΢һ˵ĵַɿһҲ߰˵ɫǰֶ
ԶŮһĻɫ΢΢һ䡣
ʱѪѪӵȴһȣѪɫеֱһһѪһֱһȥ
ŮҲͬʱж̳߳һ㣬߰˷зƿļ
һǰҲеļɫ̽һҲһɫȥ
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÷ֻ΢΢һһŵĵ˷Ůǰ
Ůһɫ̳ٴһӺǰһ쫷죬ķȫһˡ
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Ŀô˾ֵĵһ߰˵ɫи˲ѪӰȥ
һѪӵӽѪһͣͽзпķ˳ȥһ󣬾ͳ嵽߰Զͣ½ŲѪȴһģ󣬺Ȼ˫ֵֹĸ߾ٹͷͬʱзɿĳֲ֪
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ԭ߳ѪУһ¿Ǿ޴󣬻Ϊһ͹Źֵ
ͬʱѪӵϢһ±Σ֮
ո쫷罫оķŮӣûٳһתһöɫһ飬ͬʱɫ̳߳Ѫӵһȥ
Ѫӵֻǰ׹һһưƶ
һ˾ɫһ붼ɫ̽һһɫͳһն
Ѫӵ´һֻ֣޴һ
ѪӵȴһЦֻǰ׹һȻһģķֻһĵӰ
ɫֻмӰ˫ȴ˲һȻ䵽˿մ
ͬʱӰоͬʱһ䣬ݺһն
䡱һ
ӰһӰȴһ·ɾѪĺʼֻһɣһģ󣬾ǵصİӴ
ֻǰѪһ·նѪɫڵסһ㣬־Ϊ֮һᡣ
һԴ˾²ǴʧɫǻæҪܿȴɫһ֣һХ󣬽ȫעж̽עȥȻǰһ
ֻ̽ɫһź󣬾͡ৡৡĳǰѪɫ߰˵ִɫ
ЩֻһģһŵĻΪһɫԲ£һתĺݺײѪС
졣
ԲѪһ֯ײ󣬵¡ԼγһѪɫ֯޴УһУøնΪ֮𶯲ѡ
ںʱ΢΢һһģӰȰĸֶ
ѪһһѪɫоͻıһĨȥ
ۡһ
һζ󣬾׳˲תֱһģһָ̺һ
ָ⴦âһ·ʲôһ
һҽУ
ӰһѪɫһ׶˫ס׵׵ȥѪӵꡣ


120 ֥
ʱֻڵϳ鴤˼º󣬾ͻһκϢˡ
ֳʬһУƿһ죬һϸһһģûвӰ
ǸӰ룡
ԭѪӵʵǲģһѪӵǿֻǶԼս̫ţû뵽ΪټķȻܹͬʱ߶ų䲻ıһȥӲͷ­
ʱû£ѪⱻɫԲ˲һգ·һ¶
ŮһѪӵʬ壬һʧڣŵı顣
ѹִŮˣ
ղѪӵʩչǿĴռϷ磬һתۼĻΪʬ壬з֮죬˭һʱҲ޷޷ˡ
һתޱŮȥʱ
Ůһ»ʧɫȻһתΪһˡ
ʱȴѾһһһ£ǰʱֳһɳ޴С
ֱһͷоͻΪߵһš
ŮֻͻȻ󣬵һȻж̳ݺһӶȥ
һɫӰһֵĵ󴦡
һ̣꼸󣬾ͷоͽӰͬ令һնһӶ
ŮһУͻΪصĴӸ߿׹£ˤ˵ϡ
£ŮûϱķɿӻͳһŷҪ鿪
һ̣ಡһһ߼һ󣬾ͶŮͷ­
ǰˣȻһֻ쳣ĺЫ
һΣŮֻ΢˼º֮ͻ£һϢˡ
ʱӸв˰׹ЫЫŴʬһζ
ŲŲæ˹Ŀһɨʬ帽Ķ󣬵һץͽƾ㵽С
һŵɫ
ȴӡ˿˿ĳƣһɨܸ̾Ӧ̺ſ֮ķԪһͲѰ֮
ȻһƷ͵ĹĽһնˡ
׹ЫһӸض͵ߡ
ϸһ֮£ȴǸɫߣֻǴ˿Ѿء
Ҳֻһֻ׷ʹͷƵûĳӰҲñҲѶġ
ȻˣǽضϳӷŮʬַʮŷƿҩн׷ԼһװƤ
ƤУһСɵĲҲһ
˫Ŀһ֮󣬵һϣ˵󣬾ͿдʣһֻֽȻץסһǵһ
ϼһ
϶ʱһСѶ鿴ЩֵĿʯϻľС
ֻǴЩʯһۣͽЩϻȫһһĴ򿪣΢΢һϲ
ȻϣװϻľڶһЩֵƵҩȻ޷õ˵ղȣֵѾõˮ֮ˡ
ĽЩȫװԼУȻһеѪӵ굹еط˻ȥ
ʱŮϰʬһͨϺڵķɿƬ̼乤ͻΪһ̲Ѫˮ
һʬһӴѪˮͬܽ⿪
׹Ыβ֮Ȼ˹ˡ
Ƭ̺ѪӵʬջȻȷŮӻҪϼ֡
һƺƷѪɫ⣬ӶԷҵһ̷õ֥İӡ
ϲ֮£ȡҩ̷ֱȥ
ҩһ¶ǣʱһӿ
һŻѪӵʬ廯Ϊ˻ҽ󣬾ð׹ЫԼٴλصУ
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ʱڷȻ˲٣Եƽ֮
⻹ȽҩѹסֻһСֵĽ
ǵȫɵ÷
ϧջȻҲӷЧҩ̫࣬ƳɵҩеġֻҪٶ̷껰ȥͿɽΪֱƵͽڴԲˣȥҩˡ
̾˿վһĻƣڿշɳ˶ߡ
һյѾЫһն𣬻ûɽвӰ

һһڷεӣ˸
һƬɽָͫ׾΢΢һĿһɨ󣬾һۿǰļۼڵĶߡ
һԥΧƬɿתȦȷû˺󣬲붴зɿ
ӣٴδӶһɶʱڷŮѪˮƬ̣Ἰº󣬾¶һ˿ص˵ĶԣҲ֪һ£ȻһжͬʱɱŵӡˣȻǴ⸽ɽģһһλðɡɷǻٽӴһĺá
ҡҡͷͷһƮȻȥˡ

ͬһϿȱԵǬһĸߴĺ꣬վһ
˫Ŀ쳣һɫ£һɫ̹
ֻϿȶ治ԶȻǹ֮أһɹɺںɫ𣬽նȾ˺ں֮ɫ·վ߶ܸܵ洫Ĺ֮С
͸̣߰ľ޴ɽС
ЩŹְֱߵģ˾ȴʾƺһȦӣ֪ľ˵ӣӦؾˡ֣ô£׿˿һɫԲ״˵
ʲôôȻǼ֮֮ˡؾзһЩ쳣飬кֵġܼʱҵĴǿһõ顣ϾؾбӦö붼ɽˡǬƺͺʮϤԵص
ţ˵ЩȻǾͿ˭ȵɡͷֺȻһЦ˵֮ͷһϼһ󡰸ԡ죬һģĻΪһɫ
ֻǺݺһȱ仯ĳ˾ڿն𣬴ģһɶȥ
ȻھϿϿʱٶһ»֣ɫȴ˿֮ɫƬ̺󣬾ķɵ˶棬˿ͣûеļǰһɶȥ
ǬˣĿҲһ˿ɫһߣһƤʱһ󣬾ͻΪһɸߵţľ޴ǹ
ȥ
Ǭһޱһͺȡ
ʱǰ͵һںлΪһֻ߾͹
ֻ׹׵ĳһںг𣬵ڿһ󣬾һµצһѹסǬ˫磬һҲϿȶһɶȥˡ


121 
Ϸβ濴ŵԼǰƵһһŮɫ԰쳣ֵĳۺȻѾ˺ѷ飬¶ȫǱɫĸɱʮƴڸ費ΪһƬӰ֯硣
ʹܷ£β¶һ˿֮ɫĳ˵ǶҪնɱɣƴŲҪδزһͬھġ
ֳһĿ߾ߣȻƴǡԭһʹ죬ڿĻɴˡʮ߰ģŮӣĽСɰԱһЦ󣬾Ȼ˵ëȻĻ
ŮԱӺȻŻһڷΡ
ߣʱˣ˼Ȼǵܣ;ٻȥˡЩ֣һ˹Ǿ鷳ˡԱӢӣȴһ˵
ǵģԴ뿪к󣬾ûкúˣˡȻֳõҲֻˡСŮһƺ̫˵ӡ
ǶĶβһ˻ȴ΢΢һͻȻһöһ飬ʱӿֳɫ˿Ȼһ󣬾ͻΪһɶݶˡ
öǰߣǰε顣
СŮһΣǵûżЦ
֮ŮȻֳɫƣһŤͻΪһƿ׷ȥٶ֮죬ֻǼ󣬾׹ʯ׷˶βǰ
βΣһƬѪ죬ͻȻһȣƮвȻһ˵֮ɫķ趯
֮죬·ʮɭȻͬʱնͣöβװһƬɫӰС
СŮȴЩ޶ð㣬ֻһЦ󣬾һͷӰ֮С
ֻһۡۡһʮӰ˲ӽСŮһն
˵һĻˡ
СŮֻһתµĽй˿˺۲
β󾪣æһɫ̵ҪһȴѾˡ
СŮһģͼдһĴǰһ
βֻһڣ漴һ֮ĲҽС
ϵĺȻֻѪģĿ׶ԭۿеȻһ˲䣬Ůò˼ֶӲȥˡ
βȻҲеĽܳӣ˫ĿȻϹҲһ³׻ֻ̿ƴĽб̶̵˷ѡ
һݺύ£ȫնһ׺ۡ
ǽСŮЦȴƮ޷жϳԷ׼ȷλá
βģʱֱȥ
Сãõʱ̫ˡˣԶֽɡʱȻӵı
һ̣βȻֻкȻһһɹȻʹ˷ӿ
βԷĲֻһ󣬾ͱӲѹķ׷׵ء
˸ֻһأһСָ޷ֺˡ
ǡ
һĴУƺҪʲôһڣжʱһɿԪע룬Ȼ滰Ӳȫ˻ȥ
βϣ׵һ˿Ѫɫûˡ
ʱ˫ĿȻڵĻͿĿ䲻ԶУСŮ;վڻһ󴦡
һȴһƣͷȫӭͬʱϲɫƣһȻҲ֮ɫ
βഫвͣӿһööĵɫġ
ЩɫΧŶβ·費Ƭ̼乤ͽķ겻͸
ӼΣɫͫоâһ󣬻Ȼмһպ󣬿һ֡
ʱзȻĴһ󣬱еĶβֻ΢΢һǣһıѶ
ģѪ֮£λڵʹ˴ʧӰˡ
ֳ󷨵ԽˡҲٵʮ꣬ͿػȥˡСŮĿô˾ȴֱϲЦտ
Сã˵ﲻҪ̸ˡǰҪڲԣᱻСӷ˵ҵܡҪٱҪһ鷳ġӽһգüͷһ˵ͬʱɫһĲӰ
ɲ磬ֻǺһΪѣ˾ͽȫɱˡСŮ÷ۺͷһ촽ںӡ
˵ʲôҪ˵ܲܰ쵽£ǵʱֻ߳ؾΪЩϼһ׷ŹǡȻСͷҩһ²ᱻ˲ǻ鿴Ļ޷ɻصġȴɫһ䣬ѵ˵
ĻĻʲô˼òһȻؾѵͿĺЩӹָԴﲻɣСŮһͷ­Բ˵˵
ǰļƻˣؾԴøЩҲˣͷڵͨʬ壬ȴһҪֵġֻҪõʬ壬ǾΪ˴󹦣ʱ˵ڻһڣɽ˹;ֱӷˡһ˿֮ɫĻص
ҵͷԣȻòˡؾ˵󲻴˵ССΪ˲ע⣬޷ʩչж²鿴ҵͷԿɲ׵顣ֳԸ⡭СŮȵ˵ͷգգ۾¶ԥı顣
ȷʱѾȥС룬ҲǶҲˡԣ̾һ
ֳˡҺʱѪ֮õģгʹ֮õĻһʹ͸ڶεġСŮ⻰ȴ״α
ģġƿԾѪȻ󣬵κһͷڳᲢ۵ġֻҪܵõʬ壬ƾ˴󹦣лȡһƿԾѪ׾ٵ顣Ҫд˻Եûץסź顣¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ˵
ȻֳˣõҲͲˣǷھҪʩСŮ̾һ˵
ʱһɡͷԸˣкܴܻɽУ˴ŨŨԪסԼһСġȽ棬ʩӦλڣʡ˷ƿѪˡʮŵ˵
СŮ˻Ȼû˿
Ƕ˼սѪнһѶ󣬾Ͳе޴ɽһɶȥˡ

ؾڴʦ̫˵˼ǿߣȻʯ̨ϣ߶Բ̵άŵؾȶмǿڽɫ޶ҲͬķĲͣӿһ̲ͣЪģ
ĽݵѣȻϸȡ½ؾδĵп϶Ҳʵʮǿɡʦ̫ȻڣĽһ䡣


122 Գ
ԣ΢΢һ漴¶ɫı
νؾеʮڵӣµӦҲۿһˡ֪кθ룬п˭õѶ࿴۵ġĽҲһЦŷһ䡣
Щ˲˵òЩƵĵӣӦĳľɡʦ̫ʵ
ϷҲע⵽ˡȻΪǳɢľ񲨶ԲһܹӵеġʦҲĿһ˵
ٺ٣ʦõľ쳣Ȼûλѡõȷһӣǿ󣬶ӵоӵ츳Ҳǻһһ־ĽźٺһЦмְȻ֮ɫ¶
ӣִпԽ˾֮Ϊһ𣬿һ˹ʩʦ̫ɫ΢΢һ
µѹȻʶ㣬ȻϾ֪;ˡҲֻԼϣȴ޷˾һġĽ΢΢һЦĻص
ѾǷǳ츳ˡǻһԭͱһǿܵһʩչһͬ״ڸ޷ֵ˵ġֲĽݵΪλᣬԸ⸶ˣҲ֪Ѱ˵ʵӵġ̾һмּ֮⡣
һο˵ˣÿɲǻһѰģǱǰһǰϵᣬͶڵġǵڲŲһ࣬ʱͽڵΪˣҺ׵ľͼ뱾һʮ֮СĽҡͷԵĻص
ͶģһڻǼ񵽱ˣʦ૵˵Ҳ˿ϵĽ֮ɫ
ʱȴλӵ֮Ů
֮ϻһ˻ǵ˿ЧûУ·ҪܿƵġ
ٺ٣ֻ˵Ǳ˲ʢȵͶµġĽŵĻص
˻һۺҲЩԼµ
õľ֮ʩչ˵֮䣬˭Ҳ˵ԼµӾͿ϶ֵܵסġ

󣬾޴ɽɽŴһصͱ·ޱ鿴ʮԶеӣĿȴâת
еӵֳһɫվԭһĶɫȴһɵЦѣһҧгݣгҲһ̧һķ£·ͬһ֮һ㡣
ٹһͷԼһ˿㺹һߺ˫ĿâȴӴʢϸһ֮£ͫС֡
еһٴιɵЦ֮ɫûбһֱ飬г̧ռܵԼ֮ϡ
Ȼޱ飬ǿȴͻȻһͺȡ
ͨһ
еֱȻһȻгԼԼͷ­һж¡
ͷʬ嵱һζˤϣͷ­µµͣϺȻɵЦ֮ɫ
һȴͻȻһ˿죬æӻͳһСƿеһŵɫҩС
֮Ů˫ĿâһֻΪһͨͨŮӣ˲ľ͵ϥ£ɵϢ
һٷɫһվ
ĿһɨͷʬҡҡͷȻĿһͱϷһɫСϡ
ǰеӣ֮Զ˵ľͶ䷢Ϊľ괫еĽݡ

պ˾ɽһɽ£̧Ϸһ±öͷ·ֱɽƣüͷ΢΢һ塣
⼸죬һֱھɽ°벿ѰҸҩջķᣬڼ仹նɱ˼ͷޣŵӡ
ǻɵ֮£˭ûж˼ֻûпĸ
ȻЩ˶ڻܻųɽ֮ˣûжˡ
ûа֮£ȻҲóȻ
ۿʣʱ䲻̫ʱ뿪һҩĶСɽȣ϶
Ϊɽϰ벿ɽͷ֮࣬ȻѡԼһɽͷ
ߵʱǰȻκܲǰĵطҪô㲢õϣҪôֻʩչڿֱϷȥ
˼ʱɽϷȻһҽźХһһںҪҵϵӡ
һݣ붼һΣ˵Զ
䡱һһڵӷʬˤɽʯϣˤѪģ
Ȼ֮ɫæ˼ۣδٷְʲô쳣󣬲Ȼǰϸ׳µʬ弸ۣһ̧㽫߷˹

ȻѱʯҵѪֱһһϳʬˣһ
λڶһӣǰв֮ԣھȻĳԼǰˡ
ѵ汻͵Ϯ˲ɣ
ЩȻɿתͬʱѾ´ʬ岻ͣˡ
ȻʬѪģȻԭ
Ŀһ󣬺Ȼͷ­ϡ
ʬǴȻһڴѪѪСʲͣš
üͷһ壬ȻʬͷмһĴϸ˼ۡ
ȻһɫëȥЩӲޱȣԵ污ޱȣ絶һ
кɫ΢΢һˡ
鷳ɴˣ澹Ȼݴڡ
Ȼ֪ͷݳʲôӣһצץʱ׺ӡ
һٲҲ³
ԭѶԸˣ㲻ǿУֻҪչһɺ˭Ҳֻںɵˡ
ҪһЩԶ̹ݣǾ͸ֻรˡ
ҡҡͷϨ˼ϵ˼϶һѶ󣬵һŻĽʬ廯Ϊ˷ɻҡ
Լһ䣬ڽһɽ˹ȥ

ʱվһŴϣӸµĿŲԶһƬеΣЩĿɿڴˡ
ֻһһĺ꣬Ӷһִɫһͷһɫɸ߾Գ¡¡ĶԹš
ߣһޱȣнһӶ󣬾ͻûһӰһ򻳱ʮɵľľֻҺɨػؼ򵥶ÿһʯ쾪ޱȣֱƵĽڽں˲ѡ
һһԳ֮ľΪ֮ɣиƬ̼ͶһСѵӣֱľѡ
Ȼʱ˭ԿһЩ۱ľǽϣ¶ữΪһ⽴һغˡ
Ŀ΢΢ºҲطԼزš
Ͳ֪زͬ飬ǺԼһ뷨ļһ
ڴ˿̣ƺ𣬿кȻЦ֮Ȼ˵һǰĳһꡱϵֳһѪɫͬʱͻȻʮѪɫ̣ȫһȫϵһЩѨϡ


123 
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һЦнɫҲһεľ޴˽룬˫ս󣬾ܲĺͶԳɫľӲӲĻ
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ֻ˼͸еԷ·ڵһ㣬Щˡ
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ʱԶбԵƺҲĵӰζȻЩս̫ļһﱻ֮£Ҳ׷סΡ
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ȻǽǰһЩĻ϶ܿһЩġĺʮа˾ǻᱩ¶Լм
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ҪɽǼͷԳ⿿Щġһͷͻʱ䣬ʣµǼֻҪǰͬ취ӦԻʣʱԲġҪˣǻصڴͬҲҪһʱġɫмˡ
ȻǾɡûĻղŶԱ߹ۿһˣӦһҲǾڵӵġһˡǬһ˵ţֺȻһŰɫ򣬲ɨһۡ
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ʱԶֻȻУͷԳڼͷһֱ۸޷£Դ·磬Ѿ޴ǹѹڵϣֻţһŽ֮࣬ʺѪӿ
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Գһƴ󣬾ڲһĳûϢ
ڴϼ˽ҡҡͷʹʹ뿪
ɽȻﶢˣȻٻһɽͷˡ
ʱеǬȻת˹̧һС
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ǣ
ǺεȻ֮ˣһ⻰̾ͷӦ˹ȻԶȥ
ֻǱУҲ֪˺ϵֶΣȻһ˴Ӹľ˳Ҳһڷεֻ꣬Ŀʮ

һݺ󣬴
³ֵ꣬Ǳܹһεľŵӡ
ߣ㻹ԥʲôĪǻҪĳȥɣҼȻ㣬ȻкôǵġЩԥʱ򣬶ȴٴǬЩ͵Ĵ
˫ĿһУ˼Ƭ̺󣬵һݣֱ´Զ˹ȥ
ûжúҲУվǬǰ
㣬״죡
һݺһ˫ȭյһ
ʦܾǾʶҲ㼤ɡȴЦЦĻһ䡣
˵ʲôĳһȻʧְܸ㣬ҴˣʵԵʣڼȻˣٶһԴŭ˵
ԭǽʦܾİ״죬ֲСʦӦˡʦܣҺٻǹɲﶷģдġԺһ˿Ȼ֮ɫɫһĳ˵
ǣʦ֡ǵæ˵հС˰ɡƺԺʮ־ηΥǿӦȻúݺĿ࿴ۡ
ǾıˣЦһһ䡣
Ǭȴ˫ֱۣվһʼûвڵ˼ġ
֪λʦֽǽкδģתǬһ䡣
벻ҪɽϵԴǬĿ΢΢һʵ
ʦֵ˼ǡɫһʵ
ǰǳɽʣµļͷԳͷҲԺһͬȥһɽͷ˸ߴ󣬾˹ֵĻӦҲضġ΢΢һЦĽӿ˵


124 ͨ齣Ѫ
ɽϻԳոĿùɫԳµĽԵһ
ɽϳ˸ղŻɱͷ⣬ͷɫԳԳֻʵ϶ѡһͷëԳһʵʦҲֻ벽ˡϣһһҲֵġǬص˵
ɫҲ΢΢һˡ
Ҳ̫ģЩԳȻʵǿԲߣֻҪʩСƻܽһͷͷģΨһ鷳ǣʱ̫һЩǼĻǾͿðһ£һζһͷ˵ġ겹˵
ԶλʦֵʵҶ˼ĻһӦͷԳӦòġпɲͷĽëԳ˼һº󣬻˵
Ȼġǿ϶跨ȥͷȻںԸëԳˣλʦܿ»֪ɣЩԳڿ൨ǽҩƷ»ƾһġȻⶫʷãһҲܷ̫öұԽ󣬷ЧԽǿġǵֺÿһ˷öġںӣֺ¶һ˿֮ɫ˵
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λʦһҪϴɽ𣬼ȻЩԳ㼬ҲɻɽġɽҲǿ޵ģ
ʦ⻰˵ˡǰͽɽ嶼̽һˡмͷԳ⣬Ҳֱȸǿռˡ⼸ͷԳȻҲ滹ǽ׶Ըġؾʱ䲻࣬ȻҪˡҪɽ塣ҲҪ㲻òһѵġһЦĻص
ԭˣ֮Ҿκˡһ˵Ҳû¶̫Ծı顣
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λڴʦ֣ƺǴ쳣˵ģ֪κǬ㽻ϵġ
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ŶԴ˶û顣
Ǭ޴ǹһն󣬾Զɽͷһɶȥˡ
һһŻɫԲһκ󣬻Ϊһֻľǿܡ
ҡڵһϣ򸽽ĳ֮ɱȥˡ
Ȼʵʵһȥ

һɽͷɽŴһһòƵŮӣվһʯϣɽ嶥ţɫ̫ÿ
ֳӦûдɡͷϢǴ洫ģǼСŮüʵ
ġҼȻѾƿԾѪʩչϲʮ֮ڶܸӦϢûġʲô취Ǳ棬ǼֵġҲĿһնأ˼˵
ĻɾЩˡǼͷѾ˻ʹֶԸҲҪһֽŵġСŮЩ
ѶԸҲҪǽѾԾѪõˣֶܿصġˣһظԸ⼸ȴԥ˵
ȻֳѾ˾ģСȻȫϡһڸİ㲼һЩ򵥽ƣֵʱҲ±˰͵ˡСŮһ˼ҲȻ
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Ǿֳٵ죬˳ʱӦ㹻׼һˡСŮɫĻص
һΣֻһ˼ڵĴӦ

ǰ׹±ɽϣһѩ׳ŮĬĬվ֮ɽ嶥ʲô
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Ѫͣԭ㣡ŮһѪݣмˡ
⣬˭ʦ˵ġʦӣӦҲ⼸ֻĸȤɡ˵Ǳݣܵö񵰻ɽҲֵƴһˡѪͲŲæ˵
ǣʲôʱ˵ҪˡŮӳһºȴЦһĻص
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ôҪ̣Ҫô뿪ҪôȽ˵վﻰһῼֵ顣Ůޱ˵һ£ѩ׳γ¶˾Өһ溮֮һ
ѪһӴ˺󣬵һĴ˸ս֮ŭһͺȣϢȻһǺҲһѪٵһһ˶µΧӲȦԶԶȥ·һִ쳣Ѫɫһ㡣
ŮӼˣ˿ûУ΢΢һ󣬱󳤽ȻְγСΪ֮˷һȥ
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ãȻʦһҪҵı£Ϊ˵Ҳһͨ齣ˡѪ˫Ŀһж綾߰סŮӺһźȻЦһĻص
Ů˻һ˿֮ɫȴԥµһ
䣬󳤽һģͺᵽǰȻһ󣬾дƬɭȻһӿƿУȻΪ齣Ӱ漤ȥ


125 
һСѪȻֱվԭɫȴ԰쳣ͬʱͷڷѪ֮ɫ
ϸǱ鲼Ľۣһ߰ɳľ޴󹵲ۡ
ȻȴлҪǿһЩȻҴӦˡʱõ鵰öϻҪ֮㣬ûɣŮӡǺॡһѩ׳˱ʣ˵
벻㽣Ȼ־ˣʵԶ㣬Ȼһж˵ȥɡѪ̧һֱۣ˿ѪĻڣЦһĻص
ܺãֻԸ⼸ֻӦкܴġŮӵͷ̧ԶĶɽ壬һɷ͸Լ͸¶

мɽԵһտʯ̨ϣ߳塢Լ߰ڵӺȻۼһ𣬵ûл֣ڵ̸ʲô
˵ʱ򣬲ʱ̲סĻԶĸߴɽ壬̰ı顣

ɽµһɽУ绡ƣ˫ֳһͬɫСһǶʯеĺںʯѡ
ÿһλӶһִݺݻھʯϣ΢΢ѣ渡ֳ˿˿Ѻۣ
һٷһȵĺݺݻӳһ󣬵绡һʧɿһնϥµľ͵صϢˡ
ʱϢ쳣˥ȻĹˡ
ʱһĻںɫʯͷϳˡ
ʯͷЩڹһͣ󣬾Ϳʼ£ֺ
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ʱ󣬵˫ĿһʱϢָ˹ִ߼һʯһĳɫʯͶ˹ȥ
䡱һ
ʯһӽɫʯͷԶͺȻһıĳ˷飬ͬʱзĩȫһƮķ׷ûɫʯУΪһ֡
Уûн͵Գܵزټȥܽıȡġ
һɫͷĿȫǻȵɫ
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Ȼ֪˱ʲô֣ȴֻҪȡԼؾ֮ջ;ѷɫ˵ġ

һܱ鲼ľˮ̶У˫Ŀâվˮ̶ߣˮ̶ֻͷǡ鲼ɫƬС޶š
ֻСޣצȲˮϲζĿâֱû˿η֮ɫƺҲǾǿޡ
Сˮ̶Ĵһͨ徧ӨĵɫƯˮϣܲۼŨŨˮԪ
֪˶úͻȻһƺߣԻĺ
ͷСҲĿâһͬĸһ
ֻСһۣһûľвӰ
˵ؾзôġˮԪ˵һϲˡ
ԺôͷˮԲ֪ȻѲҲҪһ跨ȥġ
ؾʱ仹㹻أüһʱͷƴģ뵽һ֮ٹҲٵġ

ڶһ磬һɽ˫Ŀʱ򣬾һȫָ۷ʱ
ԶĵطǬҲͬɵϢš
ƺҲǣƬ̺Ҳ½ֹͣ˵Ϣ۾
ָ֣ôˣսˡǬЩеһ䡣
̽ɽԳĶͺؾһˡ
ģѾȫָˣ˴µġվһֽź쳣Ļص
ܺãȻͰռƻõ°ɡȥɽǿԳͷ­ɽԳֻҡֺֻֻҸһֻʦܺͰʦһԸУֻλʦȷֱסһֻҺȺþٶʰһֻϹǡǬص˵
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ʱ䣬ǬǿѾЩɱĻԳͷ­ٴ뿪ɽȡ
ˣɽڲԶĵطֱһصط
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ǣ꾹Ȼʹģվһ࣬Ȼַ̧ųһֻɽ׿ܡ
˿ֻһͽУ֮һκ󣬾Ϊһž޴Ļɫɽʯ
֮棬ڽǰҲ
ʱһĹȥ֪˶úɽԼŴء䡱䡱΢·ʲôȻڷɿӽ
һֵĵһƤڹһ֮󣬰׹Ыг˴¡
һͨ£˹һûвӰ
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ǲڴɽʯеĺ꣬ʲô쳣޶
Ƭ̹Խ
Ȼڴƿһ죬ǬĴ漤룬ֻǼ󣬾һ·ɳʮԶȻһתͣɫصĴһͷԳ̰ռƻ¡
䣬һƤйһţľ޴ǹһֶͺɽڡ
䡱䡱䡱󣬴ɽһͷ޴Գ
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ͷԳһУ̷ֱǬȥ
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ͬһʱ䣬һ󡰸ԡʱʯѺһ·ɳֻ߱οһ󣬾һͷɫԳ
תۼ䣬Ǿ˺һ
һߣһͷԳڱеͻȻһȻһԭվһֻ֣һա
δȾԳվ֡͡һ죬߰˵дڴϼֻǼ󣬾͵˾Գǰ
ɫԳһŭȻϺݺһȣһζһǽһð
žž󣬷л治¼ӡ۶ѡ
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һͷԳתۼȫָ˿


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ʯк¡һ죬һģ󣬺ȻٴλΪ˴޿ܡ
ڷһͬʱʹɫ̹ӭһκ󣬻Ϊɶ೤ɫ޹зХĴɫԳ˹ȥͷɫԳ޶á
ǬǱߣţ׹ѾͺɫԳ񶷳һš
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䡱һ
һֻɫһ²ɫӰУײúɫԳһɵĵ˰벽ȥ
ոϵĺ꣬ǲһ֮£ĵŵŵ߰˲ȥ㽫нַɳ
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д˵飬ĺȴ˵һѪ˿һֺٴθѪɫ£ŸǱʮһ²ѨʱǶһŭȵٴλӶнͷţǹͬϣǬȥԳ
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ʱǬȴͳһȻһŰƴɭɭǹһץסӭһκ󣬶ʱںڹתлΪ˰ɰ޴
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ಡһ
ǬһͣһɣɫʸһģĴӹǹвӰ
ԶɫԳһҽУƾնһѪ׶ǺɫʸԲ˼ٶȶ
ѪӾԳϼȻһֻƴΧ£ںͺɫΧȻ޷סֳһ˿֮̿ɫ
һǬϢΪ֮һƺҲ˲ٷйǹһնȻݺΪֵļ뵽֮С
һȻԳƴȻֲ֧״̬

ͬһʱ䣬ݵͷοܣڻɫԳִӵ۳һɫʯ£ɳκм֮
ڽֻվԶʩҿȽ϶࣬һֻֻĲͣ£Ȼȫ˺ۣҲǿסͷԳ

ߣηɿ;ԳӴһδͣ
ԶͷɫԳȻеͺѣڵʱʱֵľβ£ȴ޷ȫ׷ϡرǺ߹ٶ֮죬ûԳҲΪɵ
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ĶٶȺͷʩ֮죬Щʯ鲻ǱһǱֱгƬ
Գȴûע⵽ȻһֱӱܲѣӷΧȴʼڸСѣҴӸвͣӿһŵɫһʼܵƬ̺ͻΪһ㣬ʼ߿
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ԳһֻȾͱʮĴָϸѪ̼Ѫһ±ޱȣۿɼٶɢ
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һ죬ͷһģĳ˽ǰ
ԳȻ֪޷ж£Ҳֻǿֱǰһ
ۡһѪһ֣Գֱͬͷ­ȫµµһն£ѪӲһߡ
Գͷʬǻκֱӵڸٶһˡ
һ֣׹Ыȴ˲˳ֻڻԳʬһҰǺ󣬾ͽһöϺɫ൨˳ɿߵ´
ɫƽĵһУ㵽Уһľװ˽ȥ󣬲ĿһתսŸһۡ
ֻǬǱߣɫԳΧ£Ѿ鲼Ѫҡҡ׹£ƺʱпܵµӡ
ͷοѾͷڵ޷ˣʣµһֻҲãһ֧Ŷõӡ
ɫԳĿܣȻֶһͷڻܺһͷǿܡ
ԼԶʮָҶѵרĲͷܣ޷ķֺˡ
΢΢һЦһǱ˹ȥ׹Ы͵һٴûвӰ
Ȼ߹ľٶɫЩѿһҧ󣬽ͷܴ߶Խ
һյ蹤ʱ
ɫ̽һһ󣬾ͽˣͷܺͰ׹Ыͬ˵ڵصĻɫԳһնء
ܺã벻˱ֵԶԤҪõĶˡرǰʦܣͷ׹Ыʵͨ쳣һĺͽֵġһͬոսսæĺ꿴һĻϲĸƳޡ
ʦˣͷЫȻЩԣܺһͽȡҹæʱͷԳѾĴˣټǺͽʦ£ȻͿ׵Ľ
ٺ٣˵ĿɲͷԳԽһͷðԵĶԣǺİɣһ׹Ыû綾ġҡҡͷ˵
һΣȴЦˡ
ˣڿɲǷɵʱ򣬿ЩЩʬ崦һ£ϽָһͷԳҲûзɽϵĻҿɲұ֤ʣǼֻ㰲ֵ棬ϽȥһصغáǬҲ˹ߴٵ˵
һ⻰˶һݣֵĴӻԳʬн൨ȡųĽʬ嶼Ϊ˻ҽ
֮˿û뿪ɽȡ
˵ضʱֱþһƬˡ
ʱɽȴٴδ¡¡ĽŲ֮ӰһΣһһͷԳһĳڴ
ͷëԳ߲һľףгһڴɫľ˫Ŀѣ·ʮ㣡


127 Գ
ͷԳ󣬾ǰͷԳɱطתһȦͷɫԳһᣬֳһ˿ɻ֮ɫ
ëԳȴӸץһںްȻմѪҲñӴǰһź󣬵׷һŭ
֮ԳëֱȻһǵĻΪ࣬Ȼ󣬾һǰƬʯϣȻ·һġ
䡱һԲڵʯͷȫ˲仯Ϊ˷飬ʯɿԳ˫һȻΪһ߰ɳʯ
ԳֻչȻһʯһ±ù⻬࣬ͬʱɻҰױ˵Ľɫ
ëԳɫ޹һ֣·ݺһҶȥ
ʱ·һضɽҡľ죬ƬʯȫΪһľ޿ӡ
֮Գɫ޹ĵһ裬ɽȶ˰ߣŭ֣һĻָԭСо޹һ֮󣬾ʹźԳʹȥ
ɫ޹һ뿪Գ˫ֺ󣬾Ȼ乤򣬾ڵȥ⣬±˻Ұ֮ɫ
һ紵ӡۡһΪ˷ĩʹ˹һɢĲӰ
ֻԳһߵڵʱǰֻëԳȻ΢΢һȻһף˫ݺһ;ӥıһɽʯȥ
ãǱˡܣ
ɽʯ󵱼һֵ֮ಡಡӰͬȥ
Ȼŷε꣡
ȻǱǰɽжģһëԳŰʵĻ¶棬ȴû뵽ëԳޱȣȻ¶Լм
£ֻܴ󾪵֮ززˡ
еĽëԳȴһͺֳˡȭĺݺһ
ŵֻһɾӿ֮£ֻһһεԱһһֻפתӲͷķһȥ
䡱䡱
һԵֳһ޴ӣһҲһĲˤ
һ˸ˣһӴͱѹӦءҪ伱æеһŷ̹ĵ˽⣬»Ҫһնˡ
ľҲһ𣬿һѪ˾͵ݰĵɳȥ
ʱëԳȴһŤ˳һ䣬Ѿдһɶĵ˸ղǰ
ŵӲŸովΣһ˾ȻʧɫֻһſڣһâͬʱгȻһʱһڻ
ëԳĿô˾ȴ붼һһɰããӿâȫһ飬˳ƽһͬʱѪ
Գһ˲ưĳӱ󴦣ֱһģס˫硣
ŵӡһУʲôӦʱȴ׳ˡ
ëԳֻ˫Ȼһͽб˺ѳƬһŴڣͽ¶һŻ΢΢ҧȥ˴ߡ
ԶһŵӼΣŵĻɢ붼һзɫֶָͬͬʱ˫㻹ֲͬɫķ
ۡһΪһƿնˣȻ˿˼ɷ̫߻ķˡ
ëԳΣûȥ׷ľٶʬһӺһԾһˮװСɫɽʯǰ
ͷһΣϢë»Ϊɸ߾Գֱһ󣬾һץסɫʯһٹ
ԳһͺֻȻţԭͨɽʯһĻΪӲɫ
֮Գֱһִ󣬾ͽɫʯӲĳԶպݺһͶĿȻѾɳһξӡ
ƴ߶ǰߣȻһ죬δôһµʱɫʯӺӲ˸š
㻤ھʯѹ£ֽӦ飬˸ǲҽһĵѪģκεĴӸ߿ֱ׹ˡ
ëԳ󣬾ڵͿմһץס˵ʬ壬ֱһ˺Ƭ󣬲Žʬһ׶ģٺݺһţ׷һ
¡¡ֱ⣬ʮȥ
ڸڵ˺ģдݣǶԼʵΪ֮ԼͬԶԶܿ˴
߰һȻʯУڵϢɵǬһ󣬶˫Ŀ
ɽԳѾͬʧٵˡĻھһĸߣ첻жˡǱ죬֮ߡǬüͷһ˵
ʦ˵еʱҲ˷ѵģʱֿȸ£ȵʱٵϰɡĿһ˵
ֿһ£ţȷؾÿһ춼쳣ȻҪúõġԣڵ֮ͬɫ
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ȻǾ˾ˡϢˣ͸Զж졣ǬȻҲûзɡ
ʦܣʦܣƿҩƣǻͷͽԳ൨˰ɣʱһɻЧȻһЦĳ˵һתжöϸƿ
лˣСܾͿˡԣҲûпĽ˹
Ȼܾ
ʱ䣬ûٶʲôǷ׷רĵĵϢ
ʱ󣬵ٴ˫ĿʱʯкȻԼ⣬ûˡ
Դ˵˿ûв죬ŲæĽǰĴƿ˳򿪸ӵһᣬȻĿ룬ִһŰɫҩһĵ档
ƿһΣĿһɨ󣬲ĵͷȡǰװľ
Ƭ̹ǿŨŨζϺɫȺڿУðƿҩֱһ¸ˡ
̼͸еСһһӿҵٴ˫Ŀһգʼ
һʱһվһֽźԼһӸؽڴ
Ŀһ˫΢΢һ˾ƮƮһɸߣһֱһģ󣬾һѽʯһͻʯץסȻָһ
顱һƼӲʯΪʯ
һŤٴһƮ£·嶼ûжٷӡ
˲١ǰõղݵЧƺҲͬʮˡڵĻӸ߿¼ʹڿӦҲû̫ˣٶȷ
̧˫ϸ˼º˼˵һ仰ʱȻͷһΣ˾Ĵԭһ˶֮ʯƿ죬һģӰ׷ص
һʱ䣬·߰˸ͬʱڶгһ㡣
Ӱһͬһȥ»۳쳣Ӱ


128 Գ
ٶȶۣӦñȸսؾʱϡ૵һгϲ֮ɫ
Ҳѹ֣
ûκηؼӳֵĽٶٶȸ쵽һŵĳ̶ȡ
ղݹֲ֮УȻЧˡ
˲ƺбٶĵáЧΣȴûа취ԳģֻеԺ鷳󣬲ֳһɣ
һת뵽
ʱ䣬ҲʯУǽԼ߶һʰҲŲæ뿪ˡ

ֱɽĸһŰ׹ΧɽһȦȦУȴһһСֻݣĳķ缱׷š
תۼɽ߰Ȧ֮࣬ڲ֪н䵽ɽɽŴƺϾͿҪ׷ǰߵӡ
Ȼ׹һ߳һããһֻƺԹʲôͷʱһļæ˫ȣһ˵ǿܹ˺⡣
ʱƿյͱһѪһһĻΪһɳѪɫУСһն¡
ֻСЩݴ󾪵ļæ˫һʱ͡죬дƬһºâı
һ౬ѺѪһӴ£ǧٿףѪȻͣĳСЩһն
䡱һȴһͷݼһֻݺһȵײ˲Ѫϣײһɢ
˿̣ԶɫȴͻȻһһ
䣬ɫеģӰƺһ֮һ⾪һŵı޴һ
˾δĽӽ޴ݾѾܵΣգæ˫ľҪϱܿʱԭɢѪ⣬ȴȻһģΪһѪ˿ķɿϣһת
һɵĹ򣬺ɭɭʹӾ޴һһΧСЩҲһȦ
ӨһоֳһڷεŮ
гǿѩ׳ɫǳ԰ףȻղһ䷨ķǳӡ
ʱͷϲͻȻѪͬʱΪİĴӸ߿һ׹ˡ
ʦõĺͨһѪȥȴʦһͬʱնɱˡʦû°ɣɫ̫ÿͱһѪһѪһֳ󣬳ŮһЦ˵
ҪҪԣǷʩչһŮԣȴЦһĻص
ȡʦöˡֻһʶѡǻ๤㽫һˡɽֻʣֻˣʦϢúҪҪһֱɱɽȥֱӽѪĿ΢΢һּæɿһʵ
ʣµͷʵԶͷɱȵġܶӦһͷĻҵʣµһͷŮбƳѪһۺ󣬵Ļص
ʦ˵ЦˣղһͷҶ޷ӦɽͷȻ޷κεġѪԣЦ
ߣȻǾͱ˵ʲôֱɱȥĻˡԸʣͷȻҪӳġڴ֮ǰһȻָҪŮӺһ˵žͲܲ˵ڿһԶһƬСһɶȥˡ
ѪӿŴŮԶȥӰɫһĿɫº󣬰һ෴ȥˡ

мɽ£߳ڵľͽԸһͷ޴ޡ
ʨ׻ͨ峤ɣ鲼ɫƬͬʱϻһϺɫᣬڴ򣬽ܻΪһƬ𺣣Χ֮˺Ǳ
Χ֮ۺַԶ̹һӽԳԶضһıһиɫ绡һɢ
˹޾ͬʱ׻츳ޡ
ҪΧڶ࣬Ҵ׼˸רſ׻֮ķͳˡ
Щڻֲֿ֧һ˼Ʋһȡˡ˶ʱһɢɽ֮ززˡ
ʨ޻޼Σһ漴ƺһ´ŭȻһŴڣĺȻǻ򣬶һޱȵɫ绡һź󣬾ػһոڿշĻһڵϣ令ͬ嶼˲仯Ϊһźڻҡ
Ŵ˹ޱȻһȣֳһѪӵӼ׷ȥˡ
ʱ󣬵һž¼ϵʱ򣬺ȻֻˣҴ˶ɫ쳣ס
û뵽ʨ޾ȻȴлҪµöֻ࣬ʦܶԸˡǰľٶʵ̫ðʧһ㡣һеӣҿһۺ󣬻˵
ȷǹ޷令˵նɱˡʵڲУ˰ɡһһŮӣҲ̾һ˵
͸߳ԣΪѿ
ʶĻһۺ󣬷ĿһĿˣͷʨȻʮּ֣Ͼֻһͷ޶ѣǰԲŲΧǿǻһֶλδزܽµġڴ˹УλҲٲҴЩѹֶˡҾͲλ涯ֶκ󣬻ܹƴ޵ķ˵һ£һų͵ʬף൱ڳʦȫһӦõġ˭Ը͸¶ԼѹֶλھԼȥˡûй׵ˣȻɱͷʨ޺ȻҲûʸһͬɽˡ
Ȼʦ˵ˣǸĳҲ˵һ£һѪɷ׶רƸַģӦҲܻ˴ޡ߳ҲϽӿڵ˵
Ƕһ˵˲ˣ֮붼ɫ粻ȻûǷҪ͸¶Լʵ
ʱһӴЦһĴŶҪĻҲ룬Σ
䣬ƮƮһһŮ
еĸߴ󣬳üۣŷΣһɫŽȣЦ顣
ŮȴףΪȴȻڷΣһεɫ
̫ˣʦܣ
Ǯʦãô㣡
һһ˵ݺһŮӵϲԾĽг
һԵĸ߳忴ǮףҲסˡ

Ȼط飬˿֪
ҲûȤٲĴ㣬Ǵ죬ٵɽ°벿ֶѰһЩҩ
ȻܶҵһЩֱӷõݣȻòˡ
ӷ˵İ֥⣬ҲѰݣֻǶ򣬷úЧ̫Եġ
ϣջܸһϲɣ
ʱ䣬תۼ
һʱٴλصԭ뿪ʯʱǬ˶Ѿ
ʦܣĿЩˡѾܳʱˡǬһ˵
˼С·΢Ƭ̡ԣȴ΢ЦĻص


129 Գģ
Ȼʦ³Ȼпԭˡ֣ץжɡؾʱɲ̫ˡһЦ˵
ãɽ̽һ¶ǼͷԳȻǰ࣬ͨ취޷Ǽͷ׷ֿġҺ󣬾һֻʤˡǬĿһĻ˵
ʤ˼ǡмֲӡ
ܼ򵥣Ȼûа취ͷëԳԳֿɴͽһɽȻȫǬһ˵
ֿ˵ЦˡͷëԳͷһĻͬʱնɱġԣһ
ٺ٣˭˵Ҫͬʱնɱˡ˵ȫҪȺ˳ģ跨ͷëԳһأǰնɱͷԳٺԸһͷǽëԳȻ£Ӧʹ´ˡٺһĽӿڵ
ǲβܽͷëԳסģЩԳһһֶοвͨɡüͷһʵ
ȻͨķˡһԻ죬ֻҪȲõĻӦÿסͷëԳˡǰսʱùȽͷԳˡλʦܿɻ𣿡Ǭ˼Ļص
ԭϣǺôֱʣСͷˡԣɫ΢΢һˡ
಼ߣΪ֮ͨͨҲײ£ֵ֪֮ˡԼʹ򵥵һײߣ۸Ҳһ֮ϵġ
Ϊ򵥷ƣһͽҲȥֻʺһЩⳡϡʶⶫּ۸񰺹󣬵ʵüֵȴƵݳƷʹһʦҲ󶼲ùġ
ǬΪһͽȻһȷǴԤϵˡ
Ȼз󻰣ĳȻҲûˡĿһ˿ɫҲ˵ͷ
ãھȥв½ơͷֺһͬȥֻҪڷ󸽽ˡһֻҪܳɹ֣ɽԴǲɼˡǬĿһ˿ȵ˵
һ⻰ٺһΪ˷ܣȴֻ΢΢һЦ
ʱ䣬ͬʱ߳ʯɽ岻ԶĳƬڿշȥˡ
ͬһʱ䣬һɽ屳УһһŮϰˡ°Ǿ޴βĹһɹɾ˵ģһʮɳͷɫڵɫ񶷲ͣš
һһŮģİ˰ϰȻĽſеá
Ǵ˿ƴ֪Ӻδɫˮˣ¶˫ϱ鲼һ֪ɫƣͬʱ˫ĿҲȫ֮ɫ
ɫ˫ĿѪ죬ͷڸǳѪ֮±Ӳӣò쳣
һˮȥһһſڣʮŵɫ絯ˮ˻ķ׷ɢ
߾Ȼһʱγɽֵľ棬֪úֳܷʤ
ɽһݵУȻһٻ߰˰˵ɫкԼСʬ塣

ˮ̶Ĵһһһɫ
黨һ󣬾ƮƮĴ֧£һֻ׼һС
иһϣСֵսУԱ߿һƯˮһͷСʬ壬̾һƮȻȥˡ

һƬʯУ߳ȾͽٴΧסͷʨ޿񹥲ѡ
һΣеѾְֳŽȵķԼǮˡ
ʨ޻ǰһͣɫ绡ѣлĴ硣
һΣΧľȴԱһδݵĶˣֻҪ𺣷һ֣ͱаŽһӣȫ˲ɢϨ
ʨ޻绡Ҳʼ˵ʩչһЩֶΣŹƣô鲼ִСһ˿ڡ
һ˴ϲ֮£ȻĸƵ
˭Ҳûע⵽ǣͷʨ޼ʹΣȴĿȻ쳣˿кο־֮ɫ

һߣضУһͺȣɫСٴκݺһ󣬷ɫ绡һĽֳƵĺɫʯͷ㣬һ»ķ鿪
ɫʯͷǰ죬С֮һ
ԭΪ뻹Ҫٹ죬ܽǹɹĥԳܵزû뵽ƺھͿԳˡ
һĻһ֮ϲٴηɿӶɫС£ʯȫһ¶رĿ
Ȼһͷ­Сĵɫʯ鲼ɫĹ컨ƣһص棬·ʯȫЩɫصסһ㡣
ǿѹסе˷֮ģɫСһնٴδӵϼһʯһĳʯ˹ȥ
顱һ
ʯ˿û谭ҵ˺ɫʯϣٿƽķ˿δӡ
ϲ֮ǰȥҪʯϸһ¡
ָһӴɫʯ˲䣬Ȼ͡һ죬ʮ˿ӿʯ˲䵯
˽룬˿ûУκηӦͱ˿
ŭһУʱ绡ͬʱһ׹׷һ֣Ҫ¡
ʱɫʯȻɫƴ𣬲΢΢һ¡
˿ֻһȻһ֣аĽǰ֮и飬ͬ𾫻һСźҲͬʱб˷顣
ɫСһϣѪڵһӿ
ʦľӣȻС
һ̣Ӿ˵ˡ
Ӻɫʯ˿һ󣬾һȫ嵽˸ѪУ˻˻ķɿ켳ȡѪҺ
Щ˿Ȼȫп֮һϸϸܡ
ŴѪҺ뵽ɫʯϣɫԽĹâҫۣͬʱʼ·˻һ㡣
ʮ˿ͬʱȡ֮£ѪҺ˲ͱȡһաЩ˿ȴƺԲ⣬ٷ׷˦ֶ˸ϡ
ʱʬЩ⣬Ƭ̼͸ɱ쳣·һҺ嶼Щ˿һ㡣
һ󣬺ɫʯº󣬺Ȼдˡ顱һ졣
ʼֻһһִ˵ڶ
һյ蹤ɫʯУйɵ춯ͬʱƿһ죬˿м֮£û븽ÿһطԾٶȿʼɿӱ䳤׷ɽһȥ
ԭɫʯҲʺѪ·һ̲ڻָԼıĿ
Ȼһָľ࣡
ɽָͬʱڲҲһۿ޷۲쵽ٶȣʼĳֲΪ֪Ĺ仯


130 Գ壩
ȻһžϣĬĬĳԶɽȥ
ڲʮɵĵطǰǬµԻˡ
Ʋû˵йЧֻԻãһʮּ򵥣ֻҪ΢Щ󷨳ʶ֮˶ȥסһͷԳһʱ仰Ӧû´ġ
˼ţĿһգһСȥ
ǿСͨʵȴǽһֻޱ仯ɣС
ȡλʦֵֶΣŻ֮ġ
Щ޻ΪʵãлỰͷƸܵģԺõϡ
뵽ʼĥϴȥݷƺ濴п޳۵ģ۸񲢲̫ˡ
ûз֣ԼһƶС΢΢ͣȻǸӦʧݡ
֪ʲôʱϢٴθֶˣ˿ûв
ٵһһɽһ¡
ȻԶȻһݺ󣬵һնأٴɽȥ
ɽϺһһԽԽԽԲһͷԳҶԼٶȴɽ϶µӡ
ٹ乤ɽһźһͬʱɽĴ
кȻһͷ޴һצץǬͷࡣУȴǺ걳һȵһɶ¡
ֻǼζ󣬾͵ɽųȻһ䣬ֱִˡ
ͬһʱ䣬ɽȻž޴ʯһͶ£ݺ˸ղŶͣطֳľ޿
һһһңģӰҲӸߴֱһ׹¡
䡱䡱ͷԳ˸ϣΪ׽ëԳһͺԾɰıǬ˼׷ȥ
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ȶ˼ֲʮԶʱͻȻˡ
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131 Գ
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Ҫͷϲ֪ʱ仯ɲݵɫضͲʱһɫ׻𣬽ԳƵʱܿһ»Ҫ֧Ųȥˡ
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132 ʯ
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133 
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ʮŹҲֻܲժöӡ
Ҷժº󣬲ڽ¶ѳһѺųһĴһţǰϸ


134 Ϣ
˰죬˾֮һëҸСһ⣬ʵûʲô̫쳣ط
Ҳˣǰ֮˲ûвЩӾỹκһЩϵġ
ӵټöк󣬾һȫһնٳһ۸һ󣬺Ȼʲô˹ȥ˫һıסɣþȫȻһҡ
䡱һ죬˼κ󣬾Ȼû۶ϡ
һ˫Ȼһ󣬻ҡΪ
Ȼζ΢΢Ҷ£ײȻʵʵʯУ˿ɶӡ
Σȴŭϲ
˫һɣһ£жʱһ̽תߵʮλú󣬵һ֯һж¡
Ƭ̹󣬵ýӲгĴӣִ뻹һֱ֪ͨкϲɫ˼֡
нֹһֱŸڵ߰󣬲УҵһСŵɫճ㶫
һ⵭ɫճϲϲ
һ󣬵ȡһУһһ֮һӿͽŵɫճһжȷõ˺С
һʹӸгһǰնϵİ߳룬һֱӲ嵽˵ɫճС
˼һĻˡ
ɫ뷽һӴ˲䣬һ°ֱ̣ͨۿɼٶȿʼѿҶϸ֦
ȻǽϢ٣ЩͨҲľˣĹʵܾӷЧϢõȥ֪öֲʦʦδ֪ˡϲ૽еһ£ͽӽɫճһζȻһϣСĵһն
ֽϢȻϢ֮Щֲ֮Ϣ飡
ǰѵһȴֻͨһѡ
ȻϢҲǴͨϢ֪ϴӺ󣬲ɵġ
Ҫǰһ伮ἰʮľۼ֮ŻкСҵϢҲ벻Ҫڵ£ȥѰҴġ
Ϣƺۣȴÿһ㣬һмУԭ۵ġ
ΪϢҩֲҩЧ̳޵Ĳ˼ã¯ı֮һƷ¯ǲһǮϢͿһ˷Ƚ׵ļޡ
һ¯һʦζʲô߶֪顣
˵ɣһóʮƷײ͵һóһƷ¯κһʦԥѡߡ
ΪֻҪһڿܺԼ¯κʦĳɹʶķ֮һ֮һ֮ࡣ
˴ãκһʦζӵе
ҽϢޱȣղһſƲȭͷСʵȴء
һֵԶʤǰջˡ
Ǵﱻ˿¾ǬͬڵҲ̲סĳᣬ˵֮ˡ
ǿѹסе˷ܣһ󣬾ƮƮĴӿӶһɶ»ص˵ϣĿһ󣬲΢΢һˡ
ֻʮ˿ȫÿή֮Ҷһ£ͨ岻ټκһ˿ɫˡ
ɿһתȻһʮŻֳ˷һ
ɲǼ䣬ûȫΪɫɻҡ
ûа֣ɫ̽һ󣬳Ĵ޿ӣһ߰˽ն
ʱƽ̨ȫƾնһĺݺݹ֣һжƻٿԭȵ˿ۼ
Ľɫ̽һնһת»صԭʯУʼǰǿӴľԪ
һʱٴ˫Ŀʱɫȴһ˿ر顣
ҹ̺ԪлҪĶ࣬ʱͽ䳹תˣתȴЩ㣬ֻܵʱĿ޶ѡ
ҿջҽֻҪһ룬ҲԽ䷨ͽڴԲ̶ˡ
ЩǴȥҪд붼ţƻɾˡ
뿪ؾǰ죬һὫЩҴȥеġ
ţ뿪ʯɽѰҩ

üͬʱ˫Ŀһۺ󣬶˵ڿնֱɽһɶȥˡ
ʱ˾վڿտɽߴˣ´
ֳͿĸӦˡСŮصĳ˵
ġǲڵɴҲܽѰġĿȫ֮ɫ˵֮˫Ŀһգַɿͬʱ൭ɫһ֡
˵䣬ӾͿʼ߶Ȼ˫Ŀȴܿһаƹ鵲·һĳֱȥ
СŮüһĬĽ˹ȥ
һյ蹤󣬺Ȼ˫һЩ˷ֱܵӽеžˣ
䣬һ˫ĿһǰȻ󣬲΢΢һ
ǰȻһʮɸߵĻҰɫ޴ɽʯ
ֳӦΪֹСŮӿǰɽʯۺüͷһ˵
ӦòġΧžʯת˼Ȧص˵
ͼˣʯ飬кζͶ𣿡СŮЦһ˵
С⻰˵еҺһӵͷһŷһ飬ֳһֺ󣬲һָһֻ֣ͬʱʯϡ
һ̣ʮָֻ΢΢һʮ𲨾ϢûʯС
䡱һ󣬻ҰɫʯΪһƬĵ
˲һεĵɳʮԶźͽСŮЩŵͬʱʯһȥ
տҲļ˿ĳӰӡ
һ£Ӳסˡ
СŮȴĿһʯ˹ȥһ󣬾кȻһ
һöƵľӨƬŵ˿˿⡣
ۣܣѵҸӦĶǴӼˣŭ
ɲһġһϢ΢΢ֳܽġͷԲ֮һСŮӻ˵
ۣܵġÿһö۶˵ɶǽĶⶪģӴһ
һµȷ˵ģͷûĻһöȻҲ㲻ʲôˡֳ㽫Щʯһ£ǷʲôСŮ΢΢һЦ˵
á
ӵֱһŶʱһȻϿӿǰƬʯȫӲһƶ
¶һں
ȻͷԿ϶ˡһ˾ϲĽе
ǳҪĻֳҪСˡСŮĿ΢΢һѵ˵
Ȼ֪ġһһھӨг֣صĴӦȻһһŻһмȥˡ


135 Ӱ
䡱һ
˲ڵضѶһ󣬵ﶼӳ˳
˶Ȼֻһ۵ĵصıڶֱͨ¸֮
֮һС
СŮһԥҲȥ
˫㷽һͨϣӻһżСםԲ飬߿һ׺󣬾ͻΪһŰ׹ͷһжӳ
ͨԲΣһŨŨʪϢ
һ󣬾͵ֳУŵصСȥǲɫʼδȥȻҲǺ±ʲôͻȻϮˡ
Ųͣµĵ·˴Լʮɺ󣬺Ȼǰ溣Ųһͣ˫ĿâĶһĳƬ΢΢ڵѪ
ǡСŮӲһ䡣
ûϻشȴֱһͽѪץһѣڱһᡣ
ûͷġһ̣Ӵϲ˵
СŮӵͷٶ˵ʲôˡ
ֳȴ˷ܵĽһӣӿŲļ¡
һСһ޴󶴿ͨǰһֶ
ɫһСĵ˹ȥ
Ⱥһ붴УĿߴһɨ󣬵ŵĻɢ
ֻ߿Уһʮɳĳ̳һţ˶ͷ­̽˫ĿԲĶݺݿǶˡ
ãСÿˣ
붼һоһΣʱʯ߰㾧ӨһҪгԷ
ֻ֣һСŮڿɫһ˲䣬ͬɫһףȴĿһȴ֮̿
һŷֿʼһԲ˫ĿգϷֺ
ѵͷѾƷˣһԣӶʱоϲӣһԥгһһһȥ
顱һ
նӴϷͷȴһƮƮ˺Զȥ
ԣɣǳʬ壡СŮһ˾ɫһ˵
ȻҲͬ쳣˵ڿնֱӷɵԽǰϸ鿴˼ۺ󣬲һʧֻµһտǶѡԲģ
СŮԣһ𣬵ҲһŤĳ˳ϷϸһȻ󱳴Ȼһѿĳϸ졣
СŮӣһԣ΢΢˼ΣȻֻ֮һտڴˣһ˿Ѫⶼûеӡ
ôͷԱܵʲôطȥΪҵûиӦġǰտǣɫΪѿˡ
ƤֻβŻֵģһΪ£òȥԭһƤƤɸӴ塣һ֣ǴдѪҲյġ桯ͨˣӵ츳ͨ˵Σ֮Ϊ籩Ϊۣȥԭȵ֮ǣѪ飬ԻһεĻᡣСŮӻ˵
Դ˵ΣȻǵһˡ˵ͷԾǺ֮ĴѪûͨȥƤģѵѾƾˡڻܱΪˡ޷Ӧڵģɫº󣬵һ˵
ͨԭҲٳֵĴͨ˶Դ˵˽Ȼ͸ϡˡΨһ֪ǣʩչ˴ͨڿ϶ûлΪ˵ҺھҲûУޱ֮УһȫնɱˡΪ޷ӦڣҲ̫ˡҲͨЧͷڲܹ֮ĸӦСŮһԥ˵
˵ͷԿʱָʵٳֽȫɱˡɫʵ
ȷų˿ܵģΪ˱ÿЩ뿪˵ؼȻдǣ˵ٲ鿴һġСŮҲصĽ
ãͽƤȡǾ뿪ȻûҵͷԱ˴һƤҲֲҶƿԾѪʧˡƤ̫һЩСһСȻǻԳԣӦСġһ˼󣬾˾
֮һŻһɶȫҵտϣΪȼն
龰ˡ
޴Ƥ𺣷һûͺȻС
Ƭ̼乤ͻΪ߰С
СӦ㹻ˡӿ˵ţоӨһϸһСڣڷһ֮£гƳһöС㺣ݡ
⺣ݿϸС£ͨɢŰםĹâ
һѽץס÷һߣ̼仯Ϊ˼Сͬʱ渡ɫġ
ҿ뿪ʱұʹһöݣ޷ЩϹġӽкһж󣬺ȻһЦ˵
ĿռǺǺҲϡ֮ҪεΣгҲ͸һġЩ廯ڴͨҲ㲻СˣҲûзڵġͿϧռ̫СһЩƤ޶ٿռˡСŮҲһЦĻص
ʱöһɰϼһСƤһкһģƾղӰ
ˣ߰ɣӵ˵кݣ¶֮ɫ˵
СŮ΢΢һЦٻظֳʲôʱһ̺Ȼɫ䣬һŤ߳һ˭ҹ
䣬ŮһʮͬʱȻԲˮ
ۡۡ죬ȫһûͨڴ֮ĵģκ쳣֡
Сãô£
ɫһݣҴҽкһ󣬼æɵԼԣֳ־ӨҲڴ
ҸղŸӦǱߺˣתʱֲˡСŮ֮ɫ˵
顭ãüͷһ壬Ŀʶطһɨ󣬵һԲ
СŮһĿҲͬһطһȥ󣬹ȻһںӰȻվڶ߽С
Ϊ̫Եʣһʱ޷Էݡ
˭ʲôʱģö˸ղŵ̸ˡӺܿͻָԭȵ򶨣ģӰһ˿ɱʵ
ɫӰȻվԭأ˿ûпڻش˼
һԵĽСŮӼˣüһ壬ȻһžӨԲһɶڸյһתͬʱųĿİ׹
ɲǼ䣬ԭЩ谵ĶһȫͬӰһб¶
㣡
һӰ®ɽĿӶʱȻʧڡ
Ӱ΢΢һ̧¶һŲ԰쳣ףкúȻ΢΢һЦ


136 
ֳʶСŮӺȻһ䡣
ڽؾʮ֮һΪϴһ˿ħЩӡġ»ָ򶨵˵
ӰǴӽؾδǰֹġʯ
ֻʱɫǰ֪԰˶٣ͬʱõĿ⣬ǳһ˿Ц⡣
ԭڵӣôġѵһֱڰиǣˣβģײĴ˽ܷ뿪ˡСŮӿһԲʯɫһ˵
С㲻˵ҲȥġӺٺһ˵ȻоӨһʱһɵһһ󣬾Բ˼ٶȵʯǰҪһ롣
顱һ
ʯЦ˿䣬ֱһһֻӲĽһץɢ
һĻöʱɫˡ
ʱʯϱ鲻ĽƳһ̯мֻɬĿˣá
ʲôɫʵ
㡭ղšߵġʯɬ˵
˵ǼƤĿ׹һ
ͳˡǣʯ˿ûУЦȴһʧˡ
ǣõʲôˣΪƾղ¶Щ£װŪˡӴŭȻһƤңˮһ죬һɫˮһӿ̼;һƬƬ˵ĽӵС
Լںˮֵһ˲䣬һ͸ֳһɫƣͬʱ˫ںˮһģ󣬾ͻΪһɫ޴β
ֳСģƺЩԾСŮͬһƤҵٻˮҲֳ˺ȴüͷһĽ˵
ģһͽЩֶΣ¶ɱ̧ͬ飡һЦ˵ŽоӨǰˮһ壬ͺȻһŵʯһȥ
ʯȴˡһƾӿɿֲͬʱм䴦һѹȥҪֱӼһ⽴
ѹʯɫ˿䣬ֻۡһ󣬺ȻֳһͬʱͷڷҲ˲תΪ˳֮ɫ·һϢһ±ʮֹ
Ŀô˾һݣæһڷиֱӿʼд
ʯУһ´ʢһЩطʼЩŤģ
еʯȴ޶ãĿͫȴȻһıϸԼ˿˿âѡ
Ǿ͡Եʯ૵󣬺ȻϻȻһ˾һģĴӾѹƾʧˡ
ֻǰȻһؿһȣһֻ鲼ƬͶǻԭɫ־·ֽĸûеֵסֺ

һҽУʱֻһ´ھʧһ˲ưǰġʯȻѾΪһ˰ԵĿֲ
׿ƻͨ࣬ͷ෢ȴӿֳһߵԽǣͬʱ벿ȫֳһƬֱָӻΪ˷צ
㡭ͷԣôģСŮԭ󾪵ҪȥֳһϸʯģȴŵһʧеȻһҧ󣬺ȻһתͻΪһŰ׹ͨڼˡ
ȻŮֳش¾ˣʣһ˸˰Թֵġ
ʯκαˣѪеצֻһڡһһɻ˴һð˲佫̱ȫУΪ˳һںڽʬΪ֮һκ󣬾ڵһƾղˡ
СŮμۿҪһ³ͨУȻ߱һ죬ǰӰһΣʯξ͹Ȱĵͨڴ
СŮϡৡһ£԰ޱˣȴ΢΢һٺ˲󵹷ʮȥһķһɫĹֵϸֶĺˮҲһΧŴŮת
ҪĶֳϣǰҲò壬ɲɷ뿪СŮӶʯ΢΢ʵ
롭ߡʯϸͫкһޱ˵
СŮ⻰һ˿֮ҲȻ޴ˣһҧҲϻʲôһХں󣬺Ȼһµŵɫֹ
顱顱
ŷһɳ󣬶ʱΪıѶһ˳ɫˮݺݵĳġʯһ˶ȥ
ͬʱСŮǰˮƿһ죬İҲ漤
͹ʯɫ˿䣬ֻǻĽһŶһĵͺ𷢳ϻһ𣬾ΪһŷݰСĳףֻͬһţͽˮһȥ
ں漤İߣ󴵳һɵɫУȫɢ
СŮӼΣĶʱֱһȥˡ
ʯȴһͳЦȻŮ˹ȥ

һյ蹤߱ҧС벿ֵĽʬ徲ڶУ϶ȫѹζߣʯԹҲӰȫˡ
ѾĻű͵ǱĺӣȻС
³һǰ޷뵽顣

¶Уһű鲼ɫƵ㶫ȻѾС΢΢ͬʱ˿ǰϣ֮£Ѿ鲼ÿһطˡ
ܸЩ˿ʯͿԷÿһξ룬ÿһ˿ֻٷֻ˿෽ȥ
ɽɽУһڣһݳªѪӵ˷ܵĲɼɫ黨
ץסһ黨ҪͬһͬµʱȻһקȴû
ѪӵһȻڣһ´˼ֺŽ˻ʯһζĿһֲһ
ֻ黨룬Ȼһɫϸ˿һȻʯ
ѵԼ
Ѫӵһϲϲ
˿̽ʱ򣬺Ȼʯϡ͡һ죬ʮ˿һûеĴм
˽£ѪӵӸκηһҽеľͱ˿Ҽ乤һѪͱЩ˿һ仯Ϊһκĸɱʬ塣
˿һ֮󣬾ϢʯС
˲Զһ¶УɳɫҲΪɱʬԼѨһ
ͬΣɽиطͣظš


137 
վɽ嶥һʯ棬Ů콫ѩ׳˽Уӻȡһ鵤£ϥĴϢ
ʯ·Զĵϣȴһͷһնɳɫʬ壬һȻȥС֮࣬Ǳ鲼˺ۣСѪʲѡ
֪˶ú󣬵Ůɫ΢ָһЩʱ򣬺Ȼɽ·ƿһ죬һѪ
顱һѪʮǱĴѪһһĵĲھʯϡ
ŮĿһɨѪһֻۣǵһ䣺ӣӦýͷ˰ɡ
ǽˣʦͣҲ޷ŻˡѪվκȴŮӶݺݵĻص
ƺܳ˴Ůһͷ
ߣҪȽͷ˺󣬲㽫ߡΪԼܶԸһͷʵͽڴԲݣŮӺһ˵
ɾҪҵնǷҲȸ֪һġѪȻŭʵ
㣿Ҫȸƻ㻹ԹԵͷ𣿵ʱܣұͷΧ˸߲ҵĶһԹսɡŮŮӣ˵
ЩĲ²֮԰ˣô֪ҵʱģѪԣӴŭ
ֻҵĲ²ѵͷɣŮ˫ĿһУһƺâһ˵
Ѫһ⻰ɫʱмˣŴŮһ󣬲һ˵á¾Ⱦˣȷ⼸ͷ鵰˵
͸ˡ߰ɣŮЦһŵһһԶһʮɸ߾һɶȥ
ǾϣȻֱɵľ޴񳲣һȫһ֦ɡ
Ѫͼˣͬ߶ѪһĽ˹ȥ
һзöϰСɫ޵һȴֻһöӡ
ȻöҲãʡٶһˡŮӼΣһ󣬶˵ȡ£鵰ȫСһ𣬾ͲѪ͵ƮȻȥˡ
Ѫ俴Ů뿪Ӱû˿˼ֱӰɽһƮĲӰ󣬲ųԹ֮ĵͺһҲȡʣµһö鵰
һһɫ·ȥŮӣȻ˵һ䣺ȷһʮΣգҪСĴۣ
ѪӵǽڵǿţѪΪѪӵһĴʦֻ֣Ǳ¶㡣Ҫһ̫ͨˣҪˡ
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Ȼһ꿴ƹŹֵīɫСԼѰϺɫ
Ůһߵķɵǰһ̧ľҪһһժ¡
ʱ򣬺Ȼ͡һ죬˿ʯ˿ûеļ
ŮһкξٶǱѩ׳ȴһȻаγ֮ͬʱһםһ
顱һ죡
ɭȻ˿ײһ󣬾ԽŮһ»Զȥ
Ůžŭӵһ߳ѩ׳һģĵС
ͬʱʯƿ죬˿
ԽŮӶ˵ĽгһɭȻ£㽣Ļǰһ¡
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ŮΣ˫üһǰһᣬһ󣬾ʹʩչͨԸЩ˿
ʱȻǰʯڡ顱һȫѶһǧƵ˿ֻǷһ裬ͻΪâŮƿ
һʱ䣬쾡âһ˿һ㡣
ãܣⶫܶԸ˵ģͷһΣȴȵĴ
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ŴŮĿִ֮С޷Ĵضп񱼶мɳľҲвȭͷ
Щ޷һӿ˲䣬벿־ͱм˿еһضУе鴤º󣬾ͻΪһ߾߸ɱʬ塣
ʣµܲ˵ķɽ¿ӿȥûܳԶ󣬾ͱʯֶ˿
ֻֻеޣųҵķɽ壬йѵķԶɶȥˡ
ŮȻһ侲Ŀ㾪˾Ҳ󺧡
תͷһʱ򣬺Ȼƺɽ΢΢һں¡¡ľУɽ嶼ʼѵıСɽʯ·׹ȥʯ쾪Ļ֮Уи˿ɽ趯ѡ
һ£Ůüͷ˵ʲôԥһתԶɽ巽æȥˡ
ڸԶɽͷͬĻҲڷ׷ţ޴ӸɽпӿһԶɽɢӡ
ؾĴľɽ·һ»һ㡣

ϱһɫţԶͨڿٶȣзɿš
ܲԶȻʮͷòĲ֪ݣͬдȷš
ƽʱЩɽġʳȻԥķ˶ڸͷҲתһ£ֻǷӶѡ
һɳʮ֮ɵͣ¶ݹ⣬ת󴦾ɽһȥ
ڲǰոշһϡʯ͸ðһͷɽװ޶ŵʱ򣬺Ȼ˷ð˿Ϯ
ͷɽ˲ͱ˿˸ǧٿףѪĻΪһ߸ɱʬ塣
ҿķѪһ¼˷ףŽҵЩ˿Ӷлɽǰһ̣зɽ塣


138 ħ
˿׿Զɫޱȡ
ΪԶɽǺ¡¡ıֹһһʯ飬ɽ¡
תۼ䣬ɽǰС뻹࣬Ҳ֪жľȫû֮У˷֮ҲĴпϧ
ಡһ
Զһ⼤һģ󣬾ͻΪһڷεӢͦŮӡ
Ůһѩ׳ͣԶմĮ쳣ɨһۣͬתԶɽ
һŮ˫Ŀ΢΢һ䡣
ûκԭ򣬴ŮȴһַǳΣպԶԶܿĹо
ɿһת²Ů
ںųƴһţһЩܳӣԵ·;УȻȫǴŽһ¡
ûкʹŮò̫Ķ󣬳ǴŮҲһ㣬⼸յĵˡ
ԷͣƺЩ̫
˶Է䣬мɻˡ
Ȼ֪Էʱ򣬾ͨ齣츳ڸ߲㷢֣ԥıںͿʼϧԴľǴȴһֱֱʵ޷ȥ󣬲Ŷ͸¶һЩġ
Ů츳ٸߣҲͽھ޳һִͨġ
ʱԶɽڡȻһֹͣ¶صıĿȻһֻɫ֣Щ費˿·ֻϵĺëڡ
˾˾󣬲кֱðŮҲĿɿڴ
顱һ죬Զд
һ֮£ྐྵȻҲ֮һ£ͬʱѪҺΪ֮һ·𳹵ֹͣ
ɫ䣬˵һת߶Զѩ缤ȥˡ
ͬһʱ䣬Ůɫһ׺Ҳͬһˡ
ӾɽдȴһµĽԽԽ죬ԽԽǿÿһ·в˼ܣ֮˲Ӵ֣Ϣ֡
ЩΪǳ˵һӵЧˡ޷˼ͻһͷ޷ٶˡ
ЩΪЩһȻûɥʧжȴøӾֻ֣ƴ˷Ӵܶȥͷٻһµӡ
ȻЩ޴ҲֻʱѣѪȴӲ֪ǰӡŶֵĿ־֮ģһЩԽϸߵޣһѪŴлԼֻ֪ÿܳһº󣬾ͻĶǴ¾һ
ԽʵǿޣԽ޷ӳֵ׷ɱһЩʵСĴڣǶصأ˵ӵһġ
һЩЩʵǿһޣȻǸӵĺսˡ
ɽΧĸڵӣЩ˿ͻȻϮʱҲ˲أʮ˲µĻΪһ߾߸ʬ
Ϊǿ쳣֮Ծ֮µҲ׷׼еͬӡ
һЩٶȽϿĵӣѾһͷѩأҵ֮С
һ󣬺ŮӼһǰһëѩʱֻ΢΢һΣ¡¡Ĵӵϻһζ¶°صĲ֡
ֺֻȻϵģĴֻɫǶУйɵţǾ˵ġ顱顱Ǵзġ
УֵһָʼĻе΢΢ζѣе΢΢£еľŤ
ָͬһʱڣͬľٶ·ȫĸһ㡣
ۡһ
ĴǸɫɿºͻȻӿһɹīͬʱһööִƬֶɿ츲ֻԶԶȥò쳣
Ŷëѩƴɽںɫӿһ˲䣬ȻõʲôҲȻһɫһļæڴһɨȥ
һ̣ɫһ±ѿ֮
ֻ䵤УǸ΢΢ͣţԼһɹŹֵĸо·ڿʲôһ㡣
ϸĦݴĹоʲôֻܰԴһֱһͳһзһĶȥ
ʮöһźʱݣͬʱڷ֮£˾һ£Ȼߵƿնˡ
Ůӣ΢΢һɿһתҲһҧͳһŷһ飬ôһư׹⣬䱳۶ȥ
һ̣Ůʱһ԰םᣬֻ΢΢һڰ׹еļǰˣٶȾȻǰҪһֵӡ

ã⡭ħӴħϹžħƣ˵زȻؾϹŴܷӡħ֫ĵط˵֮ˣ΢΢Щĺ꣬Ǭ䲢վһš
ʵɽһ־ʱȻһӹ˿ĹҲƵӵ˴˵
꿴Զ֣׶ͬɷޱˣһŹԲ״иָ㶫һȦȦķתš
ʲôϹžħֵֻ𣡡һԵǬȴһͷˮɿһ䡣
ϻ˵ܣֻϹžħĻҵʦǰҲһЩӳؾȥ϶·һˡ󼱵˵Բһն󣬾̷ųһֻ޻ܣһǬﵽ棬һתĳ뵽ѩ֮С
ʲôϹžħ˵ʦ涼Ƕ֣ģǬȻɻ󣬵ԶԺεҲûзʲôȵųһס󣬻̲סʵ
Ϲžħ飬ҲǴһżϿ֣Ҳȫ϶ƾϹžħġֻҪ֪ƴ½ʮ֮˾˿ڶһͷϹžħɵˣˡ֮ɫֻǷɿ󣬾Ϳ¾޻ӭűѩĿ񱼲ѡ
ʲô½ʮ֮˾˿ڶһͷϹžħԵˣ㲻˵ЦɡǬһ⻰һ𣬸޷ŵӡ
¾ԲٵġںһЩ壬ҲͷϹžħĸӹūͶѡˣ飬ܱסϸ˵ҲٵġЦһ󣬾Ͳٻشʲôˡ
Ǭɫһ粻

͸߳壬һһѪȫһƬϿƴӴš
Ȼƿһ죬һ֮󣬲ͬʱתһۡ
ֻǺ治Զһų·ļƺòˡ
ʯȻ
һӰĿ󣬵һ˿˵
Ա߸߳ԣҲɫ΢΢һ
ۿʯҪ׷ʱ򣬶˻һۺ󣬷Ȼһһµʯ·ϣϷһ˿ЦĴ˵ʯʦУлҪ˵


139 
еʯȴδţٶȾȻ˿һͷͳһײȥ
ʯû˵
һȻһıܿŭ֮һͬʱһֱۺȻɱ񼸷ֵĳʯͷһץȥ
顱һ
һѿסʯͷӲһסĿкһָͬʱһʹʯһЩͷԳԡ
γˡ
ָѾʯͷ֮ʯȴֻޱת׿һۣ֮ͫ׺ȻһıϸޱȣľȻµȥ
䣬ʯһֱһģһֻ鲼Ƭƾһ¶ŶָкȻһŻ䶯ѵʺɫࡣ
˫Ŀͫһ·Ŵ˱׿˿ᴩԼŶƣ촽˼µ˵Щʲôʲôδܹ
ʬ֮壬Ȼ޷ֵʯĴһ
ʯһ˿ɫһֱһָһ°˷ͷ­ϣȻһϡ
顱һͷ­ϰıѶ˽£Խ붼ɽˡʯϡ
ʯֻһأʬһȥһſڣȽһ̶һϺɫָ࣬ϵİɫҺ󣬾˿ûеĿ˸һˡ
߳ѱղһĻĿɿڴˡ
ǰɫ˼ԭʯһˣúթһʡ
Ͼ뿪ؾԴʮ֮һǿԼġǰæµһδܲժҩȻʯ߶ֲһ¡
û뵽λӦúܺ۸ľӤһʦ֣Ȼһ־òֶλɱ˷Ҫ֪ԷʵȻûԵʣԷʵ֮ǿҲ֪ˡ
߳ԼԼ֮ʱҲ޷׻Ʒʬ֮塣
ĿһɨԷϺɫͱ鲼Ƭƺɫһ׺󣬺ȻһתڹѪƿնˡ
ʱ᲻ǰʯԭʯ߸춫öɵģʶһַԼҲվкһ仰δ˵֮ززˡ
߳Լһʵľţһؾ֮С
ʯĿô˾΢΢һź󣬾һֵ˶棬Լɼŷ쳣ݣżͷһΣƺʹ߳һ׷ȥ
ʱһ춯صľӺһ֮Ƭض䡱¡¡Ĳѣƾѿѷ죬һĳ
ȴǺħָһֺȻӸ߿һĶ£̱޷ȫѹ⽴ѪӾ·ʶ
͡һ죬˿ٴĵ˲·ѪС
ʯһĻĿоһ˿־֮⣬һͻΪһųǰȥ׷׷ɱ߳Ĵ㡣
߳Ŀô˾Ȼһٿ˿Զɫһɶٴһѹľƺ󣬵һͬ߷ӡ
ֻǰȻԶԶܿǰġʯˡ

״ϼµ·ߣһѩ󣬾ͻص鲼ʯǽϿȴ
ʱ΢΢һɣҲԶһȥֻֻɫֲһ£֪жȫ˲仯Ϊ⽴
Ծֲֿʮº󣬾ͽ·ľͻ𲿷ȫӲһѹƽݵʮɵγһ޴ء
ھֲͣ£ΧԵӿ
ȫһ޻У;ݵӡ
ĻҲ΢΢ԥһһһԼʯһȥˡ
ͬʱԶһϿȱԵŮһȻѩ׳һζһɽ˾ͻΪһɭȻϿȶһɶȥ
һŮӺȻͳϿȶ洦ˡ
ɫΪ԰ף޵ɨһۺ󣬾͵ٻһƣĬĬڿԶȥˡ
ǽͨȻͬ죡Ͼ޴һʯϺԶԶһԶȥŮӱӰΪĽ
һٷڻ󺹵Ͽһߴ
⻹ڷһιʱӲԵʣ޷жġ
һֲ֣˫һ̤ʵ󣬲һзЧδʧڿջΪһԶּȥ
ﴦݣԽƵˣдּĹоҲӵǿ쳣
Ȼдвʱͣϸ˼ʲôֻܴŵҵһذȫЩĵطٽĴ㡣
һûУһͣ˴֦ͷϣǰʱû뵽ȴͻȻˣ
еݣȻһıѶ
ֻһۣһڣֱ֦Ӳһͷ£顱һˤ·֦Ҷϣ²֪ˡ
һ̣һƺӿһ󣬾ͻΪһöö֪ĺɫģΧת
ںڹУԼγһĹŹַ
ɫֻ£ĴһȻûһȭͷСľӨݣԼһ측ֶ
ⷽһֵ˲䣬ڲ֪ԶֻƬ̱ϵȺһѹħ֣Ȼ䶯һһͣ˰С
ǿǶھĴĵɫȴѣƬ̼ͱùâҫĿų˿Ƿ趯ѡ
顱顱죬ɫȻ仯ΪһҲѶ
һ··ʧȥ֧ŰıΪ˹Ȼǵصڷӿȥ

Լ˯һóóΣз·»صǸɵؿռ䣬ͬʱɫ߲ȫƫƫ޷ֺģĺӰѡ
ЩӰеֻڸ֣еյһַǳŹԵﲻֹ˵ƫƫһ䶼޷вΪ
ЩӰУֻһߴӰͷʼվڽоţӰȫԶԶıܿڣҲûӡ
֪˶úߴӰȻ̧ͷ­˹
Ӱˣһö׷׻Ϊһɢ
ߴӰߵǰ͸·ڴѡ
ֻԼܸӦԷ˿˿ƫƫӰģһƬȻƴգ۾ʹȥԷ׷ֺвëȻˡ
ʱȻһһڸһ֡
΢΢⣬һĿ˺Ӱݣһʧ
ܣô㣡


140 Ѫŭ
ݺȻһ޶
·ԾӰĿһԼΨһͬǣԷ˫Ŀգ˿ûС
Щ㱵ǣȺŹղźĻʶĽԷһʮϤĴڡ
ʱǰ˫ĿȻһͫоȻǶĿ⣬òۡ
һ˫Ŀһգʹ˵һ´о˹
ڣǾǳʪϢ
ɿһתҲЩȻ֪ԼС
ҪǣڤǾų˿˿Ļסп֪ܲϢġ
顱һ
һͺȣУһ´һڶȻͨҲ֪ȥõӡ
ɿһܣǻǰڵֱԵֻԼ֪ôľȻݵȥˡ
ɫ粻ı仯˼º󣬺Ȼʲôļæһ麣һɨȥֻ麣пտҲǸѵݲδٳ֡
һ߶ڤǾڷתһͬҲһûʲô֮
üͷˣ
ѵǰֻ֮һξѣиܵһǰʵһëȻ֮Уĵð
˼һֻһƬңûʲôͷңҡҡͷĽһȶŵԺһƮƮķɵһŴϣĿһɨԶȥ
ͫȻһ
ԶؾĴǸ޴ȻڣֻȴӰȫˡ
Լ׻˯˶೤ʱ䣬ܲѾؾͣʱ˰ɡ
һмֵˣ˲ٿ飬һһɶȥˡ
ʱԾǰеԼһɫһϲһĳһڶȥˡ
һСһζĳһƬտ֮رԵĴϡ
ǰԶȻһһŮڼҶС
еѪӵΣѪһѪɫлӶ£һɭȻѪⶾ߰ѣ˫ĿȴϣȻ֡
Ů׾ޱȣη·Ʈ費ѣ˫Ŀâתѣһöߵ֣ͭʱʱĻζһ¡
Ȼ
Ѫӵӣ˫ĿգÿһӳĿðıع֮ƵĴ·磬ĳضֺͣ
ŮСӣƺҲв˼Чÿζһ·ضѪӵжΪ֮һȻٳûųԷһ
ȻˣѪӵйҲԽԽ죬һѪɫɢŨŨѪ֮·𳹵׽Ůȴʮֲ԰֮£ƺ̫Щ֧ˡ
ʦ㣬ҪҪСܰæʱһƮ΢΢һЦĳ˵
ߣһڵӣãˣһαõһɫһ󣬾̽Ѫһգ˲䵹սûǰݺ˵һ䣬һľʹ˲Ӱ
ԭǰʦܣζˡһһ֮¶һ˿ϲɫĿâΪ֮һһģͻָŮģ
˭סģȻֹһμŮǰӣĿô˾Ȼ棬ȴмصʵ
ѪӵѪŭһ⹦ȻҵͫסңȻΪϵҩˡѵʦһֱû֮𣿡Щֵʵ
ʦ㣬ҳЩ⣬һط˯һʱ䣬ŸոѹġӣӦûл̫ˡԣ¶˼ɫ
ԭˣʦܷģһ޻ʮʱ䡣ؾڸʮգŵרϵԴӦ˵Ƭ򶼱ʮΣҲһ֣̾Ͷˡµȵ죬˶ò۴˵صʱǲƴʱ̡ЦһĻص
ԭˡʦ֪ؾĴֻܵʲôطȥˡѹʱôӰһת̲סʳԼĵ
ֻǰֲŲʱʱ䣬ǰʧˣʱԣɫһĽбֻΪޱߺִһֹʧһĻ
ʲôǾֱԵȻʧˡԾ
ʱǺǵضӣһΪһ˶ڽˡû뵽˾˺һк󣬾˲ľȫӰʵʮֵаţҪ뿪ؾǰòҾԸġü˵
Ȼֺֻδٳֹʧˡ뿪ؾҲûмˣʱֻҪܰȻԺٳʲôŹֶҲûκιϵġ˼˵
Ҳġ֪ʦкδ㣬һطúöȴʻ뿪ؾǴмѰһЩͷ󣬺Ȼʵ
ǰЩѾЩջ񣬾Ͳðˣȶһ˶ϼ˵Ŀ΢΢һ˻ص
ʦܵ˼ˡҴȥƫԶطٿܷʲôջ˳Ҳܿʱļͷͬӡ
ʱ䣬ٽ̸󣬾ͻǵķˡ
˾Ȼ˭ҲûһжĻ
պѰһűľڸסľ޴һϲУоΪɾͲԥһƤ
һƬϼһ󣬰׹Ыڹһֶ
ȥ棡һ˿̰ҽѣһͨͨ˹ЫһԸ
׹ЫСɡɡ󣬵һľʹûвӰ
ʱŰһͳһ΢΢һۺ󣬾ͲĴҧȥ
ʣµ⼸ʱ䣬ҪʳЩңȻһһܽԼΪһƵͽԲ硣
һ뿪ؾΪӷҩ鷢ֻҪһ跨ͻƵʦ缴ɡ
һܵйӿľԪ󣬵˫Ŀһգܿ붨Уʹ˶һٲֺ֪ˡ
ʱ뿪˵ѪӵӡѪŭ˿ȴһ֦ҶïʢĴ֮ϣҲ˫ĿյĴš
ǰȻռϷ磬ͬ˲ٷȻָһ£ٿ顣
֪˶ͺѪŭƺӦʲôȻ˿ûе˫Ŀ
̿ڶߵĵطһͷ෢ͷֻԵޱ
ǡʯ
˭
ѪŭȻһȻͬСɣһŭȣһһѪɫСƾһĳС
δѪӵкж桰ʯȴȻһſڣһϺɫһš


141 Ϊ
顱һ
ѪŭȻл£˽£ѪٻͱһϺɫͷΪʺж֮£ҽ޷ֻѪɫСݺһͶȥžͻĴϵȥ
һ
ʯֻһָǰһͽСһɳɫһ֣ȻһͻΪһź׹Ѫŭ
һյ蹤󣬵ϺȻһ߱˺ѳ룬ҧСֵʬ壬ͬʱжһѶ⡣
ʱ󣬵һһŮ·ʱڷѪһĻɫ뿪˴

պĳڣһľڵӣոָһͷܻɱһͷѪĺޣҪϲȥսƷʱ򣬺Ȼһؿһۺ˾һڵ²֪ˡ

һһطһһɫ«ų쫷ĽһеӱƵýڽںˣ޷ֺ
ķЦ֮ʱ򣬺ȻӰһΣһӰһļ
ҲǶ鼫ḻ֮ˣɫһ䣬붼Ȼɫ«һ䣬ö׼۽ĵӰ
ۡһ
˷ҲȻͬһһһ͸ڵӰϣȻһ󣬾ͽ˸ʵʵ
ߣȻ͵ϮңΪû𡭡ԣʲôŵԭȻһ˵һɫסĵӰĿ󣬲ʧɫ
һȦȦУȻһ鲼Ƭͷ쳤İ˰Թ
׿һɫ󣬺Ȼһֱһһӿ˲ͽɫΪС
ˣʱĻɢȻɫ«һߣʮɫһļͬʱһε
ǰ˰ԹȴֻǼͷ΢΢һΣ˾Ȼһģԭʧˣзȫһŵˡ
ͬʱǰռ䲨һ𣬰˰Թ͹Ȱĳǰ
󾪵ʲôٶȴѾˡ
ֻһ֣ǰһˣֱ۸ֹһѱס꣬ͷ­һƫԲ˼Ƕһҧס˻жֵĴ벱Ȼһ˺

ҽֻг߲ѪƾʧˣѪӿ£һֱӹУһȴ˷
ֻڰԹ˫г鴤˼º󣬾κηӦˡ
ʱԹŽһɶѪһеȥ
еͱǰ䣬Ŀɿڴˣһײй￴Լŵһ£Ȼһת˵ƴӶȥ
Թֻ俴ߵеӣȻûȥ׷һףʬڵѪ
֪˶ú󣬵ֱһɣʬĵϺ󣬺Ȼһףһ˿ʹ֮ɫĳХ
Х쳣ֱ⣬Բڵһ޾
мڴĸڵӣһ㾪Хȫɫ
ߵеӣ֮󣬸Ǻ޲ԼƴԶХӡ
ۡһ
һϺɫβӰ˰ԹβһʪӭһκȻһ顣
һζ󣬵һֱƾոֶ
˵ֻǰˣ˿ȴֻֻܿʯӰ
һ̣ХһֹȻһΣͻΪһųӰûС
׷֮Ȼӵ߷

ٹպйһ˹дɱϢֶͨηɿڸڵӼ䴫˿
˿̻ܻŵĸڵӣֻԭȲһѣЩȻʵ쳣֮
ϢĲһʱڣ̽˴Сһͬˣ׵ĵж
ʣһС˻֮ˣҲ׷ױý֣֮ضˡ
һʱ䣬ǹ·ҲҲʵֶ󣬾Ȼת׳еĸ
ʱƬУɷֱ˺ѺɾѪĸʬ塣
һøڵȻӴݣԴ˹ӵİٱС

ڽһ˿ԪҲ󣬵һھһŵĹ
Щ֮ǿЩɼޣøԼЩ΢Ĵʹ֮С
ҲɵңڽΪƽԲȴʣһҩʼɿţһֶ໨ʱ䣬˶ʮҴĺ
ʣһήľ޷ʳ÷ֺˣòȫ
ЩӷȻӴ󣬵۾̶ȻԶԶʤõҩӵķ
ϾӷԭЩѪȻͬһؾģ̺Ԫ֮ԶһתΪвӵ־Ժӵġ
ȻӷЧûʲô󻼣Ȼ챻߲ժһˡ
дļһ֣һһҲ󶼲ֱӷãǽʦϵϡĵҩˡ
ӷЧˡ
ϾһӷҲ¿֮һ;ϡҩȴĳЩʱԼͻƿ߾һСġ
ٸһڳ֮ķٰʱ䣬ƺһµûм죬Ҳöǰȥؾڴˡ
˼ţҲӴһվ𣬴߳Ҵһ¸һ
顱һ
׹Ыһ֮ǰš
΢΢һЦ˹ЫǰһºٵһƤһϼһͽ׹ЫСС
ӻͳһ״ϸ˶ע·ߺһն𣬵һص˴֦ͷϣһƮƮԶȥˡ
ʱ֦ͷԾǰȻᡰסһֹͣǰĿһɨ󣬲һĴ֦ͷƮȻ¡
ֻ˫䲻ԶһͷɶߵĴʬ塣
Ƥë֫ޱȣһͷɫܣ泯ſڵϣѪ㣬·ѾûϢʱˡ
ΧʬתȦٿ˿ŷ·𱻾ֱƵĴԼһЩӡ󣬺Ȼһ̧ȡ
顱һʬһ±߷˹¶˲Ѫģľ޴˿ڣԼǰ
üͷһ壬Ŀһ󣬺ȻӾһֻϼһ
ȻһöǳϺɫƬ


142 սԣϣ
롣
һɨ󣬵һݵİһ
ĿùͷԵģϢЩӡ󣬹ʶһ۾˳
ϢͼлЩͬС࣬޷͵Ტ۵ģ
ϸӦһ£мɻ
Ϣ⵹Ǻ⡣ϾӦˣϢͬеһ˿Ϥ֮⣬ô£
δʲôȻɫһ䣬ȻԲ˼ٶƾն
ಡһ
һֻ鲼ϺƬצӺϮԭڵطһĶ
̬䣬һΣһԾٶȵĻгʮԶȥվֱŭӵ濴ȥ
ֻԭվȻһͷ෢ۣͨβİԹһĿ俴
Ŀеһ˿ɫ˹ȻҲԼʧ֣ҲΪġ
ԣԡףʯʦ֣ĿԹȻһСϸеķϤ֮ɫһʧ
ԹȻûкɵ˼Ȼһһģԭʧˡ
Ǻεḻ֮ˣһ˾йȻһȴһĶһɫ̽ͬʱһת󣬾˷Կһȥ
һȥ
ۡһ
ӰһԶһһֻצһ̧Ͱһһץ飬ȻĿ׹һ󣬺Ȼһ㣬һζ˵ǰֱһţҪһѱס

汻ǰһŭȣһ˲һóԹ֮΢΢һɫ̽һģ󣬾Բ˼ٶһȥ
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һĻˡ
ЩʯĹȻڽնһ˳󲽣ǰƬϵ׺⣬ûκѪ
ˣնƺҲһ¼ŭ˰ԹһͺϹһðһ󣬻Ϊһ»ǽһ
ͬʱٴһΣһģڻвӰ
ͫһδкξٶȴٴжȥͬʱɫ̽Ȼ䲻Ӱ˵һ͡죬ʮһ֮£˷
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һ֮󣬰ԹӰٴһ֣Ƭ̵飬ǹǽһ˽ǰۿһͽûС
ʱȴһһöͭһޱȵĻͷһֶ֮ɰããһǽƾջһ
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ٵһ˿֮󣬾Щ΢΢鴤УΪһεףסϴҪǰһĸֶֻһͻΪʮĳȥ
֮һһ֣һͷԼֶȴ΢΢
һζû֣ԭѾŭһԷԼиӱһŤ󣬾һӰֱ˶ϡ
һ󣬵ڹǰķоֻצһģȫһץ飬΢΢һٺ󣬾ʹٳȥ
ʱĿоһֱһͷһļ
Թֻǰһ޴оԾٶȵĵ˽ǰʹͨҲѾˣֻεֱһĵǰ
䡱һ졣
Թһ𣬡ŵšĽ˳߰˲ȥվΣһεīɫѪҺ¡
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ۡۡۡ죬ȫն˳Ӱϣͬʱķ
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Ȼ޷ֵȻɵɵԭӲġ
ǰİ׹Ыһûˡ
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ʱŷ֣ģӰȻվԭزһ£̧һֱ۲ͣյָʲô·һֱңžͻ
ͺһ֫һŤٺݺһǰͺȻһ䣬Ӱȥ
ŻȻһ䣬ҲͬĹȥ
ҡ
Ӱһ˾ǵûж֮⣬ͬʱһſڣɬֱ֮һŶ£һſڣϸӰһŵĵӲͬ
ٶ֮죬޷
󾪣һͷ­Ҳֻǿܿһľͻ˻ŲһϣȻһϸޱȵϺɫͷ
ۡһ
ȻͷĴȻһٵĶۿҪʱȴȻһ㵭ɫһĵˡ
˲伤ķףô˻ֱһģһץסϺɫ࣬ϾһۣѪֱ
Ϻ쳤ྐྵȻ鲼̣̱˸ѪĴСȫһںڷϣȻЩ̻Ǿ綾֮
Ȼˣ۶գһ£û˼һֻж̽һһһţͽϺ쳤һնϡ
ӰһҽУӰһģΪɢ


143 սԣУ
ʱϺ򡰺䡱һȴһʧȥƵıѶ𺣵˷һ
ɫһȻ治ǣһڣ۽˰Թǰж̽һߵһͬʱƿһ죬ɫΪһ
ԹȻоʹޱȣĻ󣬵ͷһΣԼٶȱܿĹ
ʱ´ֻۡۡһ̽䲻üסֻСȣͬʱƿһ죬ʮҲмһŵıһȶȥˡ
ԹˣȻһԼ֮쳣ʮ߲ܲˣֻȻһ̧㣬ӲĽ׹Ыһһһ̧ͳ׹Ыһ̤ȥ
ʱ顱顱ʮ󣬺ȫݺݻ˹ϣַ׷׵ķֻʮǳǳС׶ѡ
Թֻ΢΢ʹ˼£ͺһŽ׹ЫӲĲ뵽УҽУȴһʱ޷Ѷ
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˹ֻǽֱǰһᣬӲй
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һȥ˫Ҳɵ΢΢һ
һ˲䣬һģ󣬷·߰ĵ䵽Ŵݺһȥ
ų˿壬һĹֻ΢΢һͦʹ㽫ֱһ𷴶ɡ
Ļȴֳһ˿֮ɫȻһ浹ȥͬʱһǰһģһ\Ĺƾǰֶˣ˲䵹˻С
ȹΣδȹһʲôǰǰ΢΢һʹһģļźԲ飬һȫ˹ϡ
ԹһҲȥȴѾˡ
ԲԲֻǵһתȻһȫѶ
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ڲԶĽٽһŶ󣬾޷άȥˣֻǿº󣬾Ȼһƾʧˡ
ֻԭһڵģӰԼһϢ
ֻԹ·һƤⶼղŽˡ
ˣв΢΢һɡ
űĺɫԲ飬൱սĳ顣
ŷѾ˼ĽųУ䲻Ķ£Ȼ͵Ϯ֡
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ħȴʵ쳣ΪһĽԹﻤ˸ʵʵ½
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ɭɭ⵱ԲһɢʼɿǾ޴
ԹˣĿ״¶һ˿־֮ΧɫһȴҲʼһı䳤ͬʱɢҲΪ֮һʢ
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һ׹ЫͻȻһֱԹһ˶𣬻ڰоͺȻſһɫβһΪʮߵĿ
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Ƭ̼乤򣬿еɫԲѾΪ˳ְСɢɭȻ⣬·İԹﶼ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ʱĿ΢΢һ󣬵һַһ䣬ǰ۶֮ðһӨ׶ǰɿ측ֶһʼֻгС󹤷򣬾ͻΪ߰˳֮һھ޴С
ɫһ䣬Ȼзһͺ־Ȼʮָһճȭͷ
ͫ׼΢΢һԥĴһһָһ㣬ɫԲ·һһ£ͬʱһֻȻһǰ޴׶
һı׶ͻΪһģļ
ͬʱԭڵϵİ׹ЫҲȻЫβݺһ棬ٴλΪһӰԹ
ԹĿô˾ȴ׹һ֣һХڣͷ෢һɫ޴䱳һĸֶ


144 սԣ£
޴Ȼһţͳİ׹Ыһȥ
׹һӴ£ʱڿ΢΢һžͱݺһĵɳȥ
ϷɫȻһģӰݺύ»Ϊһž޴ɫԲһӭȥ
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ʱԶһ޴׶Ҳﵽ˽ǰ
޴һͺִӿһɫײ˾ͱ׶
ͱ׶һײһ𣬵ļ֯һ󣬵һם쫷𣬲ͬʱȻֲͬϢ
ʱɫԲ·תУȴʼֲ֧ļֻУɫʼҲѣЩطɿĹâ
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ȥв鿴飬δк쳣֮һΣҲƮƮû˿˫Ŀ΢΢һС
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Ȼ˲쳣ĺһһһһ٣·κ֮С
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һöݵʼпʼǶͬʱ濪ʼֳɫ
ΣȻ΢΢һڷȴʼղϣûþһ̽ȥ


145 
Ȼڱڴһƪӡļ򵥿ھ
дв죬һԥ󣬾Ĭô˷һߡ
ۡһһϼһ
һѶƾǰһֶ
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ȻǿռûеͷϾȻֱΪ˻˲֪Ļޡ˷ܵ˵
Ȼ֪öҲͷԴһԺ˳ǣùģû뵽ȴȫˡ
ʱĬھþһ̽ȥŷֿһ߶Ŀռ䣬̫
ʹˣҲ֮ˡ
Ͼͬװ涫˿ûеġ
Σöдôġ
ٳԵĽղսȥӨУһµУָһ󣬲ŷִһؽƵƷ
Ŀһ￴һۣоһն𣬵һУͽǶ㵽С
һϸѪɫԼһӡžƵĵɫơ
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ֱһע뷨ȴЩ
ǿѪɫֻһؽƵ͵ȵƷȴۡһֳʮȻƷҲֻһ㶥Ʒ
аԾƾп߷ùâԽĿҫ⣬κĹЧ
ȻΪҪ߶뻹ҪĳЩⷨġ
дźҡҡͷĽȫսС
ڵ˵ͬȻֻҪһ㹻ˡ
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ˣתֽȡǷŽϢĺһȡͬС
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ʱ䣬ִӵϼһУһ򿪺һߵɫСͨɢž
ҹݣ
һ۾ϳ˺ݵȴһϡ쳣ݣƶֵҩĸϡ
ִӣŵĺȻҲǼֵҹ֮µ
ЩȻͷԴӻɱĸڵѳһЩֵߵһ첲ϸĽɫ˲Ρ
һǧݣʹҺڵʦ´·Ҳ̱һصġ
ϲ֮£Ȼǧҩѡҩȫ˽ȥʣµĺӣСһˡ
ǼƤΧתȦָ˼ºȷȷͷ֮
ȻҲãͬ˽ȥ
ʱǹʬ˼ۣһĸֳʯԽӴǼµӵʱ̾һ
Ҳ֪λʯʦ֡ؾеʲôȻᱻԸ³
Թ﷨ҲͽѣһѪҲǰʯȻκιЧԵġ
ԥĵһųΪĽʬһûС
ʬ嵱ڻзɿ콹ۿƬ̼ҪΪ˻ҽ
ʱȻһȫʬĳӿȥº󣬾һ˿綼ûˡ
ΣȻһæ˼һǿɫ̽ƾճָС
ѵͷԾûɵ㺧Ȼ
顱һ
ԽʬĳͻȻһĺ󣬾һ·ɳһ
ϸһ֮£ȴһʧ
­
ⶫͷͷɢڴĿ¶
ǾӤһУھӤֻͷ­ģħͷ
ֻħͷ֪ʲôԭ򣬾ȻһֱڹڣһƵķɳ
ǰ棬ȻҲħͷߵġ
ڼħͷȴп಻֮˿ѷɫ¼ǰԹ︴
­̨Ŀùġ
ֻʣɣ۾ֶΪƣ룬ħͷ֪ˡ
ڷ­Ȼһɶȴûϳ΢΢һºһţڵ˺ҧϹʬ壬һ̻ʵӡ
԰ϰδ°ȴϢһȥͬʱ΢΢һɢɫͲȦĳһֱϡ
ħǿֻħͷ֮ȻϤʹ֮ó˵ֻ­ɵһġ
һ̣ȴһΪ˺ˣ
ԭ˺ҧʬķ­ɫһֳʱͻȻʳһ٣ͬʱһͷöݺĿ⿴
ɫһ䣬ûκԥһͻΪһӰɳ
­ȴһХȻΪһĹ׷
ɫ̽һһ
ۡۡۡնϣţ뺣һӰ·˿û˵ħͷӡ
֮͡һ죬ĺ˿мͷ­ͷٶ֮죬ֻһģȫһµ󴦡
д󺧣Ȼһһŵɫ
մ͵ϮķŮϽɻķȻ֪Σ䷨£ҲֻܹӦһˡ
˵ײĳУڱǧٿ׵˲䣬ȻһıѶ
䡱һ졣
һ̺硢ֲͬԵĿһɢ潻֯£Ϊһ֮ĳ𣬲һ
ͷ­Ȼ׶쳣һԴĻҲֻܽͷһգȻһ䣬һȦӵƿ˷
Ƭ̵飬ѾӳʮԶȥһͷ˴СľС
­ȴХһ¸ַ߰Ȼٶһᣬ˿ûз˼Խ׷¡
һǰһ֮£һܳʮԶȥ
ʤޱȣָӳ£˫΢΢һͿһڳԶȥ
­ڱ󣬾·ʵ֮ˣľȻܣֻǹһ󣬾ֱӶľжˡ
߼룬ȻǵûԽԽ
ȻĺһıѶԭӦòеķ­һµĲӰ
һŲȻһҲͣĳŴ֦ͷϣһ˿˿âٴһֶһոټ׸ϰ


146 ħ
ȻΪǰ綷͸ղһĹ࣬ͷ­ЩʹȻǿɨӲͣ
ղһûпͷ­ʩչͨԾڸԲٵġ
ڴ£Ȼܲһеļߣһͷײ˶ԷµȦУǿһ㷭Ļᶼûˡ
˿̵ΪϣŵӸˣֻҪܰ΢ǣסͷ­һ㣬Ϳа취֮ززġ
ϣȻˡ
ʱܱ˵˳֣˿ֻɳɳһ
Ȼһ㣬ʱ
ͬʱղڴɴϰٵڷ˿ûеĴƤϵղλô
һʱ򣬺ȻͷһЦһźӿֶڣٵһ󣬾ͻΪ­ֻһţʱһޱȵľ޿ƾոֶºݺһҧȥ
һ˼ĵһŻ
ۡۡ⼸ŻһУȻûбѶһɢ
Ƭ̵飬֫һŤ·ȥ
顱һ
ȵվ˵ϣɫһһ̽Ӱ
ͬʱֱϵɫһΪһȦȦӰΧʼ
Ȼ½޷Ըͷ­ɴϾڷҲֻܲһѡ
ħȻûмԵʣΪѾҲֻܶһˡ
ʱ­ѾһźХ£ͬʱȴâһһƳȥһźû­вӰ
ɫһһһųɫͻƾոֶͬʱһͻΪӰĳдڼȥ
ǿз­ȴһЦȻһģ󣬾һԶģĻˣתۼڻûٸһ޶ͷ­Ӱ
ɫһ֮£˲䶴ʮ𣬵Ǹͷ­ȴΧ𣬲лûӰ
ɫ΢΢࣬δƳʱз­ȴͻȻͷ­һڣƿ죡
ڷΪâĴ˷
һߣȻо޴߿һףٵһɫһģķ趯ܲһ㵭ɫǽڡ
һ̣ɫǽһ֮£ĳ򴫳ʰı
΢΢һ𣬲ɵĵ˰벽ȴ˫ĿһȻסĳһͷ­Ӱͬʱһȥ֡
ǿžͻ򾹡ˡһǿŷ­Ӱȥ
ͷ­Σȴֳһ˿ɫۡһ󣬺ȻֻΪһźɢˡ
ͬʱ­ӰȴһҲˡ
Ŀоâһһָͻһ㣬ٿһ֣ȻɫȻһҲΪһȥˡ
䡱һ졣
޴ڿһбѶΪʮżС𵯵ļ£һĽԲʮڶ¡
顱һ
һŻڿƿտյطһ±Ѷ÷­һĵ
ʱһ
ħ͵Ⱥðĵ˽ǰһģ󣬾ͻΪӰһ£ʹ˵ķ­һ˸ʵʵ
˴ϲȻһһˣʱħһ֮£ͽõķ­һǰ
ԥĵһתŻɫָ両ֱ֣һͷ­һĶȥ
ʱ벻鷢ˣ
޷ķ­ۼԼϵʱ򣬾ȻȻһЦһ죬ڲлΪһźһģ󣬾˵ǰһͶ֮ڡ
ϵǼټ׾·޷赲ħͷֺ
һĻ磬ҲηӦһ׹ôºɫһ²԰Ѫˡ
һЩйħͷϲ龫Ĵţһ֡
ʹˣҲִеģȻһҧڵַɿһҪʩչ­ǿбƳ
ʱ麣ȴȻһȣšۡһһźһٵһ󣬾ٴλΪͷ­
ʱķ­Ǿ֮ɫ˫ĿĿۺ󣬺ȻˡһڵϣУз˻˻̧һˡ
ΣȻһסˡ
ɿһתȻһŻɫһļ
صĿУ顱顱顱ŷһ»ΪŹıѶ­档
­ȴ׳µȻͣûжܵ˼
һ£һɵͬʱĴˡ
Ȼܴģɫ仯˼󣬾ͺȻһָһͣһҧƣſд
ӤһȻʹħͷΪѹͨģΪӣȻûعһЩƽħͷļ򵥷伮ϿģҲ˲١
ֻҧָѣһѪ측ֶȻڷһ£һתͻΪһѪСͷ
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­ƺҲӦķڽ״һ̧𣬵ηĴԭδһ¡
Ѫɫһţû­üвӰ
ŷ­ħͷһֳ˿˿ʹı飬֮ͷѪһ֣⸡ֳһöɫĲ֪
ͬʱеһ󺳶Լмܹͨħͷӡ
ϲã֪Լʩɹˡ
ղʩչȻ̫ӣ۶ħͷĽЧȴȶһһʩչɹˣǾӤĴڣҲֻʹġ
ʩչǰᣬҪʩһǳɣұʩħͷ򼸺ûгɹĿܡ
Ҳǿ­ղűֵ֣ŻðһԵģû뵽潵˴ħĻҲֻгŷЧڣжԶӶԶˡ
ϲɫֳŹͨ­£оķ­ϵĽӡǺԼϵȷȷκŵĳһ㡣
һ
Źһɢ𣬷­գգ۾󣬲˳ڿն
ſƷ­Ϸ¼ΣΧԼԷɶȦȫ
ҲҼԭˣҲһĴŷ­뿪ˡ
պһϢһ˫۵ʱԭĵķȫָĲˡ
­ȴϢʼһֱڴ·δһ¡
ˣдΪ⡣
ԴħͷͻȻƾԼ飬ȻԺ
ϧϾûͨרŹͨħͷֻģĸӦħͷԼʮ־ηܷԸһ¼⣬ȴû취ŪеԵɡ
ֻеȻصڣһŹͨһº󣬲ҵԭˡ
һߴʵʵķ­һ˼


147 
­Ҳʯ֮ȥͬǰ¶ġ
˼ţһͨ­򵥵ķԸ󣬾͵һƤ
һɺϼһ­һС
ȻһרװʢģҲ÷­ʱһµġ
ȥ֮רħӣҲͿ׽ˡ
Ϣһ󣬾κˣŲŲæվ˳ȥ
ھؾڹرѾûмˣҲٵʲôƮƮһ󣬾Զȥˡ
Ϊ֮ⷵ·ȥʲôٶȻ͵ʱǽȻͬġ
ȻΪСĿܴڵȻҲȫ·
Ҳֻһļ䣬ͺᴩ˴ɭ֣Ȼһ·ƽ£δ͵Ϯص
Щ֣ϸһҲмֻȻˡ
ںǰִͬˣۿ޽ʮ֮˾ŵĲӣ񶼾ۼؾڸˡ
Ȼһ£Ͳˡ
Ͳ֪ǱεˣǸڵ֣֮ǻмɵܱƽ֮ơ
˼ʱ򣬺Ȼһĳ¡¡ľ죬·ʲôȻֱײķɿӽ
΢΢һȻһٵ֦ͣϣ˫Ŀһеһȥ
ֻǱߺȻһŴһƶ󣬴ӺһɸߵĺɫԳܣȻ󼸸ζ󣬾Ȼͣڴ·
һȻӾԳһ
ʦܣ㣬̫ˣ
ԭ֣˿ЩϤľ޴ܣҲȻһЦĻص
ʱԳܸȻһĸֳһķĴڣһ¶һԲס
սؾ󣬵һڵᡣ
Ҿ֪԰ʦܵĻ飬϶ؾĴκġȻȻʦҲǴȥǳڴɣҲͬаɡ˵·̣Щʲô鷢ġҲܻһġȻɫһ˵
ҲãڼȻѾˣͬлȻ͸һЩˡֻɿһתͺԥһڴӦˡ
̫ˡаʦͬĻҲһֱһڸ·ˡԲԴϲ̲֪˺ֽŵÿܸһѿһͨһ
ôǰһֱͷܸ·𣿡ԣȴɵ΢΢һˡ
Ҫ֪ȻûѧҲ֪һֱݿܿ϶ķ;񣬸οͷĴͿˡ
ȷˡԴӱһѪӵ͵ϮһѺҲֻиоһڣܸȫһЩġһ̫ˣһ㳤ʱ·ҲЩԲˡ̾һε˵
ԭˣ־֮ǿ¾͹ͬҲǰéİɡԣ˼Ļص
ٺ٣ĳйһЩڵľҪĻھͽУҲֻڵѡٺһĻص
֪ǰǡһ⻰Щˡ
ΪһĶ츳ȻͨͽһϣǺͶԷȵĻ»Щġھ˵оȻ˵ľ֮ϣȻһˡ
һȻʦˡʦֵѡ޹ʱ򣬳޹⣬˱һſ׳ĸߵȷÿһ㣬侫ġϧǣ⹦̡˼Ҳֻ˲ǿġһȴЩ⣬ȴˡһЦĻص
ʦ֣ҲؾĴˣûп侫Ҳǿġüͷ΢΢һ塣
ʦƫ˭ķʽʶĺ侫֮ǿȴЦеĻص
ȷˡͷȻͬ˵ˡ
ʱᵥ֮£ѾԳܻΪһźɫԲһն𣬽ַųһֻӯܳһζ档
ģЩϤۣٺύ̸˼󣬶߾һһµļ·ˡ
һ֦·ȰǰһڵϷɱ

һպؾĵ¶УǿȻʯ̨ĬĬ߶ǰάؾڵȶ
ʮҺڵĸ߲㣬ЩŵĲʱ΢΢İɫš
ʱ䣬Ͳ͵Լ޵һˡΪֹȴûκһӴ߳Ȼöд˶Щ
ٹһ󣬿ƽİɫȻʼͬʱԼк¡¡ĳ
˳ˣҲ֪˭ϲ˵һĿ⡰ৡһ£ȫס˰ɫ
ԭĿĻǿߣҲ˲۾
һɫϼһӰͬʱ˸ϡ
Ŀһɨȥ󣬲ŷǰܾеĵӣǸڶһеӡ
˲ɫˡ
ô£Ī˶ۼǱߣŻжˡ̲סǰһһŮӴæʵˡ
ʦʣ֮˵ȷۼһ𣬴ŻжʮˡǮＱæһĻص
ʮˣ˵ֻһСˡֻһȻؾôġԣɫ΢΢һˡ
ؾƺǴȻؾһЩ顣Ǯһº󣬻ʵص
⣿
⻰ŵ˶üͷ΢΢һˡ
ʱ䣬ڸ߲㣬ɴཫڵȽеǰ׷ѯһЩĵ顣
Ȼϲˡ
ŵ֪𡢷˶䲻ɫȻҲһ˼֣߳û£һһ˶΢΢һϲ
ʱаɫٴηȻкӴдͶ

˫Ŀһͷѹʱ򣬾ͷԼ³˳ʱľ޴󶴿С
ţյʿȸڸ߲㣬ֳѣǰۼǰ洫ͳĸڵӣҴɫ֡
һԥ󣬴˹ȥ
ǰϵؾڸʱǱߵȴǳԤϵƽ
ڵӾһǰȫ׷ױŵľۼһ𣬲ͬʱؾڸפ
һӼɵ֮£˶ڸ֣˹ͬƲõʱЭ顣
ͺ׵ĻصԼм䣬ȵһû˹󣬼ھʱǰĸһӵĹͬͶˡ
̾Ȼ쳣˳˿Ӷûг
ʱ߹ȥ󣬳źյʿֱһ񣬾͹վһԡ
ԱߣǬǮȻѾվˡ
ܺãĶܹȻؾзأѾΪ˴󹦡α˴Ѿǿˡȳͷ¶һ˿ЦݵĶ˵


148 Ϲžħ
ǮȻ׷׵ĿڳƲҡ
ʱؾٴһ죬ҲһĳڶС
һڷεİȻ꣬ȻǸ߳ӡ
һ䣬Ŀһƺ
һ߳壬еһ˿Ķʱһֵ
ݼʦʦ壡߳弸˹ȥһ
ɡû£ΪʦҲͰˡһ֣ʮָ˵˵
Ҳʦ֮ο»޷߳ġ߳ʮֹ˵
ⷬɻȻʮ⣬վһ˵
߳嵱һζվ˵֮С
ˣĿ˶Էһۡ
ʱĸ߳壬׵ü·ûпһ㡣
ü΢΢һҲޱջĿ⡣
ǰؾʱ򣬸߳仹һľͺ˻һˡ
һȻĳǰʱɫȻѿ֮
˴ʱͬŵ棬Ȼһٶʮֵ뽫ԷҲԷˡ
ȻҲпϧؾ˭ʧų׷ʲôġ
һؾ˭˭¶һʮֵּˡ
ʱյʿҲʮֹĵ䡣
Ǭȵ˺ȻĲ֪λشˡ
ɫ䣬˿ûпڵ˼
Ǹ߳ԥһº˵˷ǰһơʯĹնɱ顣
ʲô˵һһնɱˡﻹʯһ޶ɿˣǸʯüͷˡ
ʦ𣬵ҲǺҪ˵ʯʦְɣʵǿ֮ҳֿ磬ʵڲʯʦӵеʵҪ˵ǰɡòģǰʯʦʮ񡣡߳һºص
ʦܣô£һת׵ĳյʿʵ
ʦֶԣӦֿˡһɱʦֶģһͷʮó仯֮ޣʧʯʦֶ˵ҲѾɥУԲܱ仯ʯʦֶģʯʦֶڽؾĳЩ飬ʵʧŻ˷ĳֵͬġҸÿǺߣҪʯʦֶһֻ­ģ᲻ħͷʧȥ˿ƣɵʧȥ˱ԡյʿһºص˵
ţҲֻֿܵġԭͲͬʦܽ­һͽڵʹõģķħҲ̫ǿһ㡣ŵͷмƵԵ
ˣô˵ʯͷ飬Ѿȷˡڶβ桢ԣȻ䲻֪ҲµģҲ֪ʣµʱڣܴܲؾ߳յʿЩźԵ
ȷرʦֶǾ֮壬ʦֶܵʧ棬һ֪ȥνġ̾һ˵
ʦҲ̫ˡô˵һӴؾ߳ǲĽˡ˵ȡòĳɼյʿοһ䡣
ϣ˰ɡؾڹرջаʱ䣬ڸҸطúϢһ£ؾڹرպ󣬸ڻһؾջ񡣡ŵͷɫһĳ˵
ȻǣȻ͸һطϥˡ
ǬȴŽסյʿһһ䣬ϸѯؾзһЩ
һΣô̸֮ȻκζֻǬĿѣźյʿȴɫ쳣
һŲһ֣Ǭ뿪յʿн̸
һأ̸֮䣬ͽˡ
žһʦʯ̨˹ȥǰ˵˼ʲô
֮ɫʱ΢΢һ䡣
ͬһĻҲڼͬʱķš
һڵĽǰҲһǰؾĻһеߵǰɿʲô
λһڵĻǿߣɫʱѿ֮ˡ
Ŀº󣬺ȻͿˣλѣҲ˵ؾоϹžħƳֵ˰ɡϲʲôȻؾϹŴ֮ʿרŷӡϹžħķӡռ䡣Ȼ˵ֻħֲ֮ӳ˿ռ䡣ΪԷһ黹ھ̹رؾڡһʲô͸ҵһһԳе顣ƴ½Ҫһٵġ
ĽȴĴ˶ÿһ˶С
ڸ߲ԣɫһ䡣
ͨӣȴһͷˮ˿֪˵Ϲžħʲôڡ
ȴ΢΢һĽϹžħĸġ
ǣܻеδġϾǳŵһʱ䣬ڻаղŵġüͷһĻص
ѣͽӺϹžħ˭˭ᣬ⻹˵𣿿ңɫҲͬûгģҲҲҪġµѣأĽźһ˵˼䣬ʯʦ̫ʵ
ȻǣϹžħӡ飬ôҲΪġеûҲҵȵҲ̹ͬرڣʦ̫˫Ŀһж󣬾һͬ
ʣµ˻һۺеѪӺͳͷıʾͬ⣬Ȼû˵ȻҲĬϴ¡
Ľżˣɫ΢΢һٷϻĵһһֳ·Ľɫ޶һС
ˡһ죡
޶һķɿСһģľͻΪСļأֱûĽвӰ
ʦ̫ˣڷһͣǰԲȫһĴѶҲֹͣ˶ؾڵķӳ֡
һеؾֻǿº󣬾ռ䲨Уһʧˡ
Σ΢΢һ
ҿǰһĸϵ˳ڴҪ׼ʱһ̲ŹҪ档Ժκ˵ĳŵֻ֤ܹһȫΪġ
ȻҲһɫ졣
ˡȻؾѾرգڿǽջóˣ˳һˡʦ̫Ŀؾڲں󣬻˵
ٺ٣ǻһڿûбҪ顣һЩ飬ȴ뿪ˡĽĿ΢΢һ󣬺Ȼվ˵
ĽݵѺαߵִ٣Ȼջ񲻱زμǴǿкջкβɵġȴ˫üһ̳
ѣ⻰ʲô˼ҳѾˡѵԵѵݣҪڲɣĽԣɫʱ
ĽݵˣǼȻ޷ͻһȣŵѲãҲӦŪͷԵһˣȻҲٵġʦ̫ȴĲ˵


149 ջ
ԭǼλǻµӵõͷԡЦҪ˵ҸղѾˣͷԲδУǵĻѵλʲôɣĽźһ˵
ͷ˹ڵУǼȻҪһˡǻڵĳԾѪҵ˵Ҫ֮һڵõǼϼһﶼԸõȼ֮ﻻȡһЩġʦ̫Ŀһɫƽ˵
ٺ٣˵ǼڵĽĳҲܻͬȡһЩѪˡĽһ⻰°ͺ󣬺ٺһ˵
ԣɫ΢΢һˡ
ȴ¶˼ı飬ûзκ
ǵȻġ⼸ӣƶԼһʦ̫˰д̸˼䣬Ҳмصĵͷ
ãǾ˵ˡĽڵĴӦˡ
һʱ䣬ڸ߲㵱ŴؾĵӣȫߵЩǿڵʯ̨
һؾջɡھʡ˷ʱ䡣ʦ̫Ŀһɨʣµӣɫһ˵
ΨһڻӻţΪһڣʵ֮ǿȷǹھڵġ
ڣһڵĿͬҲˡӣѪӵͷֻ߳ؾ
Ҳѹˣ
ѪӵͷŶ޹عţ΢һЩټһɣֺȻʱҲǵʧš
һȻֻܵˡ
ڵĸ߲ҲĻ֮ɫȻԱڵӱʮֵĲ
ǣʦ棡
ʦ̫еȻӢŮӡ
ߵʦ̫ǰĿյϣһСɰһͶȻдʵһ
ۡһ
һѴСһкһЩʯȫ˵ϣ۵ģȻŵһԵ˶鵰
ףǺ֮ʦ̫һ˵Щ
ʦ档鵰ķһŪֵġ﹪Ļص
ǿǱҺڵݡĺܺãֻ鵰ȴ͸һԸھһǵġʦ̫¶һ˿֮ɫ˵
˼ˣɫˡ
µѣ˺ӣĪͨ齣ĵӡ˫ĿһеĶ￴˼ۺ󣬺ȻһЦʵ
⺢ӿɲͨ齣򵥣ڽ֮츳Ҳһģ˵ڵüʦ֮¡˵ӣƶһЩҲġʦ̫ԣ򵭵Ļص
ʲô˵ŮԺҲпܳΪǲĴˡѪӵǿߣҲЩˡ
ȻҲ֪ͨ齣飬Ҳû뵽ʦ̫ȴڣ㿴һͽڵӡ
ҵЩ˶֪˶ٿͷܽ׻磬ֻҪһûдܶǰˡֻ˵⺢ôһ˿ϣˡʦ̫˫üһ˵
ҲѾ˲õˡڻ˲żüãǼڿǴġҲһ˵
λ˵ЦˡĲ˵ҿվĵУ¾в˵ʲ֮µġ˵ڵλӣٶ֮죬ҵȼ˵Ҳ޷ȵġĲ˵ԺҺڿʮþȵ顣ʦ̫Ƴߵĸ߳һۡ
ȻΪĸ߳壬ͬҲŸ߲ˡ
߳⺢ӶֻǱһЩѡҪ۶ܺ͹ڵͬ׽ȡʦһ⻰ȴЩסˣæ˸ǷӦ˹ȥ
ʦ̫⻰һЦĲˡ
ǿˣǴ߳һۡ
ʱڵҲһһǰĽԼջ˳ѻĶԱһЩ
˿̸ɳһҺڸ߲㣬ͬʼЩҩĳֱ׼Ļʯ
ڵջʯֵȻﵽһٰʮʯ֮ޡö鵰Ϳɻʮʯ֮ࡣ
Ҫ֪һҺڴڶһ˵ȻǾԵм
ҲԶͨ߿ɱȵģõĻػǧҲǴпܵġ
οһ꣬ٶҲһۿɱȵģʤ޷ɵ
鵰ڴϣ˵Ǵδֹġʮʯۣ뻹ġ
ҪˣҲ֪Ǽͷ񲻺öԸҲҪðյĺѪϣӲնɱЩݵġ
ŵʯľ˶һ
˴һĿ˵ҲԵĿˡ˵ҩЩмУҲ򲻵ġ
ǼǿĿȴüͷ΢΢һ塣
ľǰֵؾջȴʵǲǸ˵ġ
ʯʦ̫ˣĿһһ䣺ôǶûмͷ𣿡
ʦ棬ͷԲ֪˺δҵȻҹˣδټġڵӻһۺﵱ˵Ĺص
ˣȻûҵǾǻԵûǽжó˰ɡλѣĵĻɨһǷ񻹲ߴ֮Ķˡʦ̫ԣȻЩʧȴΪδ¶ٿＸһ󣬾˫ĿһյĻ˵
ŴԣĽŵȼǿҲûпＸһɨȻͷ׷׵ͷĲ˵ʲôˡ
ʾ£չʾջȴǾڵӡ
ǰҩݣѷɫڵӵãȻ޷ˡ
һѪӵҺڸ߲㣬ЩɻĴλʦջһɫ«γӵһźɫʱΪ֮һˡ
ƣһƷʲ͵ȻƣʦֶǴӺδõġѪӵ˼æʵ
˻Ҳһɧջļڸֱ߲Χ˹ͬһһȻļ˺«ơ
λʦ壬ǵӴһͷԳѨѹεģԼƶɵġ굹ɫƽһĻص
ѹˡԳ޵ȷϲһЩġЩʮ崿º󲻵Էɿָĵķв˼ĸЧԶ添Щͨƿɱȵġ۸𡭡ѪӵҺһ˵֮˵˼䣬ֱӸʮʯĸ߼ۡ
Ҫ֪ܼʱָơʹҺҲǴôġ
Ͼ˭ǿʱľʮƽʱ򣬶һС˶ֱҲǺϡ顣
һ«ĻȻ൱ڶһˣ˵ЩƻЧˡ
ʮʯļ۸񣬵Ҳ㹫ƽ
ǲԶЩȴһЩȻˡ


150 
ԭһЩԳϳģλڵĴʦ֣
һջ񿰿˰ʯ
Ŀ˺һԲ̫ӡ
Ѫӵŵļӽջóһȴɫ˼֡
ΪҵԴջ񣬻ڡ
з٣ŲջʮʯԴѪӵѪΪҲóһö鵰ջһ´ǵ˾ʮʯҡ
ѪӵǿߺͳȻɫΪѿˡ
һתۼֻʣ˻һںˡ
ʦһŻǬҲǰȥ
ԼͳԹöݸ޷þɨ跢֣ѧԹҲֱѪУҪԻڴڵļʱҲ΢΢Щţȴɫ˿¶ֻǰĽԼһö΢΢һ
һԱǬ˶ҪٵĶڵֶ
ᡰסһʦҲ࿴һۡ
óԴģǬˣһѶ棬ȻҲһɫ«
˵ջԶࡣ
߳ˣȻơ
ҪǺͷûͷʨޣΪ˰װ˷죬ջܾġ
ǼѾйһξѪӵ߲㣬һǰǬǱߵöɫ«жȻһ˿Ȼ˵ҲһƣҺ͸ղŵǺƷһ޶Ӧóͬһɡ
ǰЩƵȷһͬЩԳϳҵģԷһ롣ǬĻص
ţȻĻЩҲùۣҲʮʯˡûʲôɡҺһ˼ʵ
˵Ȼͷͬ⡣
ǽһ˿ʼһѶѵԴ
ΪԴԵʣ߳ջȱˣʮʯ֮Ȳǰͨӵջ
˾ȵǣǰؾĴնɱͷ޵õġˮԪȻδЩС
Ͳ̷ֱ֪ʳˣʲô취ղ
ʮʯ
ʮʯ
ǬջȻҲȺʯӵһƵǬʯ
ŵһΪ֮һ
һӵջȻԶԶڣҲ˾֮ˡ
Ҳѹˣ
ӰԹջʮжһϡ쳣Ȼһ֮ԶԶ޷һ«ȣ߰Ļȴָ߳һˡ
μյʿǰһջһ˿˷ܳͷıʾ
żˣȻϲ
ʦԣҲźЦһ䣺˺ӽʲô֣˭£ؾбĺܲȥһҪνһġ
ʦ壬ӽа״죬ǾӤɽʦյĵӡδܱɫҲʵڴʦֶϡȻȥһԺ͵ġһԼʦ嶼˳ſļæص
ͬʱиǷɿȥҪԸ߳һԺҪٺǽŵӾˣȡһ¯ˡ
ʦԣĵͷٶ˵ʲôˡ
ڸ߳ջ֣ɫ΢΢Щˡ
ȻԼų谮µĹͣȶԷ㣬ʮа˾Ųʵˡ
ȻܽʦĻһȻֻ᲻ͬġ
߳˼󣬵оͺ޺޵˻ȥ뾡һа취Ƚʦ˵ľ
ʱʦȴҲǿɨȼϣ˽ʲô
ȻйһԵĴǰȻͳóˣ˼տҲġ
һ˼ЩϢһһɨʱ仹ǲȻӴ˼¡
Щ޴ѹҲûбֵĶãǺƽʱһ޶ԵЩ쳣ˡ
һնأǿ߲δֳ˿쳣
ȻǼ¶ûеõͷԣĽݵѣǻһڵҲδ𣿡ѪӵĻǿߣҲ̲סĳĽʵ
ߣûмͷԣµӾһҪˣǣѪΪڵӻңĽԣһ˵
ǺǣλѺαΣٹһҵȲͶ֪Ľ֣Ҳջóɡȴ˸ĳԴԲ
ǼҲѶҪκһʡʲôˡĽɫת׳廯һڵӵͺ˵
һԣȻĴӦһǰ󣬷׷׵ó
һٷ񡢳˵ɫ̫ÿˡ
һڵջҲаʯ֮ޣͷԵİӰ
Ӹڵһؾг⼸ǿҲʱע⵽ˣȷûӰʲôתջٶ
Ͼ߾СκһǿߵԸǶÿһطġ
ͷԵϢ¾һöƬһóֿռ䣬Ҳ޷ǵġ
ȣҵѣȻûͷԡʧ飡̾һ˵
һûԵĵӣ˵䶾ˡĽȴЦ˵
˵Щʲôáٺ٣Ȼ˭ûеõͷԣⷴʡˣ˵ҵȵĻԵδʦ̫ȴޱ˵
ֻĬȻˡ
ˣγˡλѶûʲôɣʦȴĿº󣬻ʵ
ٺ٣ֶԹκ⡣Ȼҵǰ˵ˣջʤȻûзڵĵѾأʦ̫ٺһһ䡣
λʦ̫˵ѪӵʵЩ귢չ죬ѾڹһЩвˣȻѹһġ
ҲֻǾ⼸ѡһΣѪӵ϶ԭȵѪȻҲǳγɼ
ȻѪӵڵţûлŵ˼˵ȻԷˡ
ʦ̫ЧԺΪ仯һЩԴƿϱ䶯ȻͲЩǿ߲ĵ顣
Ȼиڸ߲㣬˽ʱټϸ̸
պ󣬷Ժƿһ죬һҾ͹ڿնһڼȥˡ

ºڶһº䶯
еӶ֪ˣڵһд¶ͷǣȻ˵ڶ
вμĵӣһ±˽֪
б̸ģǬλڴʦ֣λðĺĵӡ


ڶ ߳


151 
Ͼйؾн飬˿Ҳ״˿
Ϊһʮˣؾջ֮ྐྵȻǬλƵ֮ϣȻĽʼɵĿ⡣
һصӤɽȥȪһ⣬̻صסıŲˡ
ȻʽЩϵЩ뷨֮ˣΪʧ
ϥֹɿŸ첲һȦɫͬʱϺԼһɫֿ費
֪˶úһзһɢϺһķˣȻһɫһģʱһƾոֶȻʮ֮ࡣ
ˣϲһ˿Цˡ
ħȻҲֻһƷ̺ԺǰȻͬ˱ϣޱȣʹ½ն棬Ҳ޷˿ۣԼ˿˿溮ɢ
ֹһƷ򵥵ģܿͷ­ġ
һ뵽ħͷʱɫ΢΢һ
һصźȻȥɽϵطһˣһЩйħͷ伮оһ
ȿ֮Լܽ­Ƕô顣
ھӤһʷϣҲûͽھͼ­˵ħͷģ³һǱɾѪ
ʯǿʹħͷʵǿ˹Ȫʩѹƣħרſ֮ЧħԵʣϲ˷­ˡ
յ伮ϼأνħͷʵǻ֮ĸеļ֮ԭ壬Щ̵꣬ͨȸֶΣȴԽǿӵ
ΪħͷĲȻģҲǧٹ֣ʲôζеġЩ͵ħͷǱȽϳһǰ֣ʶŻȡ֣һߵʵΪ˾Ʒ
һƷħͷһͽʵˡ
Ʒħͷӵͽʵ
ƷħͷһԾӵͽڴԲʵ
ƷħͷӵҺڵʵˡ
ƷüͷҺʦʵ൱ˡ
ƣ˾ƷħͷʱԺͻڴԲĴ˿·ġ
ȻЩħͷʵ󣬻ԽΪƷףʱ̬ȻҲͬȻͬˡ
յ伮­ƷħͷڴľӤȴƷħͷˡӤȴȻǴӷ­ɵġ
ʱ伮ϵЩ֮ȻһĺȻԻ
ͷ­ȻؾбֵʮôҲûҺʦȼʵ
­ֺ;Ӥ֮䣬Ʒǰ߾ȻҲܽɺֲĴڡ
һУδطܳ׹ͨ­ǰʱȻ޷ġ
⣬ȻֱȥѯʹȪ˵ġ
һ֪­ͷħУʮа˾ŻҪҪȥġ
˵ܴʵĺöǿʵǰĸ֤Ȼٽȥġ
һ뵽ȴֻԼȪټΡ
֪ʯδ߳ؾȴдŹʣջȻѹǬһͷɫǸ쳣Ȼϲɫռ˶
ϾıþӤһڵ״߳
˶˵һЩ֮ĻһЩҩʾҪظõõʮ֮һջ䲻õĴ¡
ؾڵĶУһɵӽԴͬŵȫˡ˵õʮ֮һݶĶȻҲҪźһۺͳһŵġ
ԣȻглѡ
йعͨħҲȷ鵽ţЩùȪԴڲѧϰ
һֻܽһŽСħľϡ
һŹͨħ﷨Ҳǿһ־ʩչ֮󲻵Թͨħһ̶ϻסԼһȵľ
ȫһȻûʸѧϰģʶֻڲؾлһ׵ܵھ
Ϲ׵տҲȻҲȸһ¡
⼸죬ֻһߵŵĽһæŽħ˵
һͽ˵Ϊʦ޷һֻܲһѡ
˵ȴΪһĶõ츳ͬʱġ
һԵʱͿͬʱ½ͷħʦ֮Ӧúˡ
ǸӰ룬Ϊ̫ͣһȴֻǵɱﵶãԵлЧȴ̫ġ
˼ʱ⴫һöŮʦܿ𣬹ʦɽŽˡ
һЩ죬һ˼ҲͻȻˣæڻظǹʦСͳ
䣬ֱһϵɫ߰һܣȫûвӰ
ʱ˳ȥ
ֻԺ⣬վһòķŮӣǹüھӤһעŮӡ
ʦܣδϲġʦοΪźǾӤ˴󹦣Ժ϶ǰ;ˡ˵ʦὫֱΪʦֵġŮһ߳һЦ˵̬ȻԵΪǡ
΢΢һϾͷӦЦһЦػصʦ˵ЦˣСҲǽҲЩ͵ģҺλʦʦᲢ۵ġ
ʦܣ⻰˵Ĳ̫İͲô˴ȴһ߰ʮͷһ㣬Ҳ̫ȤһЩɡüԣգգ۾ЩΪȻӡ
΢΢һЦûٽӿʲôˡ
üûа취֮£ֻٺһۺ󣬾ڿնɽһɶȥˡ
Ҳ
һյ蹤ͳ˾ӤɽĴС
˹Ȫյã⣬һյʿҲ
ӰݼʦλʦȳյһֳҲһ
죬ɡΪǼѾˣһʦ͹ġյÿĿ⣬ʮֺͰ
Ҳѹ֣ǰòΪ״ӣΪź;Ӥһͣ档
յޱ£Ҳ˼֮ġ
һΣڲμؾļλ˴棬ʦʹͲ̫˰ɡȪҲЦݵĳʿ˵
ʦ˵ЦˡʦֶʦָҪӽĵӣʦ᲻ʹ͵ġģ֪ʦֶĽ֮ᣬ˿ѷɫʦֶġʿɫĻص
ҪĻҾȴллʦˡյԣ¶ϲɫ
ǺǣллĻﻹǵȰʦֶ֮˵ҲٵġʿǺһЦ˵


152 Ӱں
֮ʿһתóƴЦŵݸ
лһ󣬵ҲмڴĽн˹˸ӡ
һзһīƿһȴһöɫƣ滹ӡһ顱֡
ǡ¶ɻ֮ɫˡ
Ȫȴ΢΢һЦΪ֮ʦֶԺʦ붫ù׵㻻ȡû׵㣬Ҳ顣ɫƿзŵľɷ֮ɷԼĻʦⶫǱزٵġƣȴǽ뱾֮Ȼɫƣ˵Խһʱġ
ԭˣлʦ壡ԴϲȫСĵ
ʦܣЩǱμеĽеĺͲ̫ɡʱҲһЦĲˡ
ʦܣ𼱡Щ⣬ȻĽʦֶΪ⽱Żرǧ׵㣬һνʦòһӰڵĻᡣʿŲæ˵
ʲôһӰڵĻᣡһ£Ȫȫһˣյøһʧڡ
ʦ֣Ҳ֪ʦүӰѾˣҪδȰʦֶʦֶ˼ףʦͬʦλġյʿҲһ˿Ľ֮ɫ˵
һԵȴһͷ֪νӰڵǺ
Ȼյøἰǰǧ׵㣬Ȼ߼ֵ֮Զʤǰߵġ
һΣŻˡӰһʦƹܵģչ涨Ҳֻڵӽ׳Ϊʦʱ򣬲ǰȥһġйӰ飬ͷʦʦֶһ°ɣɱװ˷˴˻ᣡȪϾʧ󣬲ɫصĳյ˵
ȻģԻὫйӰ飬ϸ͵ġ죬ȥסһˣһĻ˵ġڰóʦȰǧ׵㻮ɡյɫصĵͷԸ
ԣͷԼƴӲժµݸյʿ
ʿӻͳһɫ̹ϵ˼º󣬲Ż˵ǰЩŶĽеϽؾдԴʮ֮һŻѡһ־ؾдʲôʮ֮һеĶ޷֣Ҳɵȼ۵ʯһѡЩԴȫʯ㣬Ҽ۸񻹻мϸһҡҸ˽ĻȰʦֶѡߡϾؾеЩҩĴż֮Ҳֻܷ֮ӳáЩеĻ˵벻һЩ鷳
ߣѵڻ˴ⲻɣյһ⻰һ˵
Ǻǣ⵹ڡˣɾͲ˵ˡʦֶˣҲѡʯֻǰʦֶһѡҩĻҲ̫ðɡʿЦһĻص
ˣȻʦܶ˵ˣðʦֶҲѡʯɡȪüͷ΢΢һ󣬻˵
ʦֶ˵ˣҲû죬ءյ̾һ󣬳ʵ
ȻһжʦķԸ˿ԥûеĻص
ǺǣܺáǶһõǧʯʦֶһ°ɡһ˻ʿɫһɣӻͳһֱ˹ȥ
̧һѽӽһ򿪵ĿһۺֻʮнʯкȻĿŷ·ɫʯ⻬ޱȣɢԶнʯľԪ
Ǹ߽ʯ
ǵһμ˵Ƚʯ˫Ŀһ࿴ۺ󣬲Žͬ
ã˼ѾˣҾȸˡʱʿЦݵˡ
ȪȻ˳ȥ
ٻתʱҲʶȤĸˡ
ӰڴŴʧʱཫĿһպͻȻ̾һģ̫ϧˡҪʯԻȡʦֶЩҩԼͿԳʯֺαطҪϽšҿΰʦֶؾҩвٿǶҵҲǴôֻʮ֮һ˵Ҳлͻǰƿġ
ˣʦֶδҩȷʮϡʦʦֲ˽֧еġԵģǱԴĻҲδûлеõһЩôġȪԣȴҡҡͷ˵
ϣ˰ɡһΣǾӤһΪʦֶı֣Ž֧ǰ֮ˡһԺڣһڷֵԴǰһϡҲԴһˡֻǿϧʯʦֶû߳ؾ˵һλǰһġȻʯ
ȻμԭǼΪ顣ֻ˵ʯԵɡһΣ­ҲŪˡʦ˵Щϧˡͷ­ɱǴָԪ󣬾ͽʦʹġȪԣɫ˼֣ЩǸĳյ˵
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ˣʦ飬ҹٺ̸Ⱥ˵һ²Ӱڵ顣ڴ֮ǰ˵˱ģյòŲæһ䡣
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Ҫˡ˴ιۿʲô̸ϣȷһЩϷԹۿӰ֮ˣܹЩĻЩҼǺˡһۿӰǰñ徫ȫ״̬ĳһЩĻǰԡիաڶյɫĸһЩԹۿӰڴôĴֶΡ
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˵·Ҳɷˡǰʦɷ֮ǡЩȻˡ
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ԼĺܣȻԼǱһҪһЩҪڤǾ깦³ʦɹʾ̫ߵġ
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ΪͼɵðȻʦ磬һʧܣҲڸϵġ
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ʦĲˡ֪߳ؾһź̾ͱչˣ˵ʦǰһЩ׼ڱչغžͲٽ뻯ѪɽˣһֱӴѶң֮ڣĻصҵġĿɫһ˵
һЩûлشʲôüͷ΢΢һ塣
ʦܷģ߳Ҫʦ磬ҲǶʱ׼ģƶ³꣬ܿʼԵġԪΪҺ̣Ҫ֮õġ΢΢һЦ˵
˵ȻҲġʦңǽֻҴ°ɡ侲ʵ
ȻܵġЩ¾Ҳ˵ʦûԼҲ֪ġߵǣǰ׼Ҿڵ֪ʮϢ󲻾ãʽĻڣǰ顣ɿЦһ˵
ʲô˻ڡҴӦˣһΣɫһˡ
ԭֳЩԥģڵõμϾһڴӦˣҶٶһЩҷϲ˵ʵΪʮӺԭѾǰ׼һڻġϾݣ˫ް£ȷʵЩˡ׼ȫһӵŮΪϱġû뵽ƺһŽֱӶӡʦܣǷʲôġɫֹʵ
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ӦòᡣϾҪ޵ĸңҲֶŮͬû̫оġ˫ĿһƬ̺󣬲ŵĻص
ˡ̫ϧˣԭܿµġйػڵ飬ǱҲ޷Ȱ˵ģҲֻܿʦԼˡԲû̫⣬ֻ̾һ
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ȻûĿٻһƣڿյӤɽһɶȥˡ
ʱŮͬڿնһһɶȥ
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ɷһĶź
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ô״СԳݲͬˣȻڻźԣȴмŭˡ
⵹ǹֲðʦܵġ˻ԭҵӲӵͷϵģû˵ȢŵĻǻĻȥȢһ˵ŮΪޣ¶ҲϵġŮӵݵλѾԼˡȴҡҡͷĻص


157 
ˣ˻Ҳ丸һڴӦµģ׼ôҲøһ˵ĹȥźȻһĻص
԰ʦŵĵλ׼ҶҪģǷ˵飬һ仰顣Ҵ˵ʵҴΪǷʦܵģϾӲǣϣҲƵҪ뿪ţ׼ݱܸ߳һġȴЦһĻص
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ţҲġʦΪˣʳΪʦļȻǳãġǳʦʧܣʦֲһܴ棬Ӵ˲Űɡʱʱ򡣡̾һ
˵ʦܴȷǰֲֹۣ㲻˻ˡһѾͷʲôӰɡǰʦ˵£߳غ󣬻᲻ȥȥźͷһ䡣
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ʵĿ£ɲĵӿģȻŸ߲㶼Ϊ벻мٵģҲӦ߰˳ϵİհɡһص
߰˳ɰտԳΪʦҺڣҲߵһԪͬҲ̴ϵġźϲһ˿Ľ֮ɫ
ʣԺôһ˿ܡȴһֱͽڶˣ϶û˿ϣˡԣȴɫһ
źдڣæǰŮ§ס˵һİοºת˼֡
˽һЩ󣬲ڿն𣬷֡

صӤɽ󣬵Լסһ£Уٽһŷһ˺
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ڹ£ʼĬĬ˼ǰƸߵĻݡ
׼Ҿ֪ѾΪʮ£˿к£뽫Ļ°ɼȶʵǰ׼Ҽλ׼ҴСӳ⣬ΪͿԽͰ׼һ𣬾ǰ׼ʲô֪飬Ƶð׼Ҳòˡ
ȣǸǺ߿Ըһˡ
ҲνˣҼ۷ʲô飬Լʵܹġԭʹ뿪ź󣬾ͽ׼ҵ鳹׽ģԷҲǸһĽˡ
мƶͽ·ԺһһͳһߵСƿӸҳһЩľ裬һ㡣
һֶһˮƾӿΪСˮ
ŽƿһҶеһСŻɫҺһӴˮ˲䣬ɢ˴̱ǵζͬʱˮҲһ±û쳣ˡ
ˣϷ¶ı顣
һֱһģٴһȡдʵĽйעȥ
Ƭ̺е׹һǼֱľһ֡
һ֮£ͽƤײֱӰڻҺУȻֱһգԱߵıĿϢ
ʱ˫ĿһֱһĽƤ״ľһöһһһˮƾո֣ƤմȾҺȫһ
һĻˣ
ǹɴ̱ζʧƤЩƬĳϢһͬ৵Ҳ˿ˡ
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ڶ죬ȥִһˣһЩ׵㣬һʱ󣬾ĵ뿪ţֱݷжȥ
ʱһĹȥ
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ͬʱǸԭʱװŷ­ƤңҲΪһ쳣ĺɫƤͨԼ˿˿͸ģһı
киǶ˲ٵķҩޱȣЩҲʯ֮ࡣ
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һǴͺˮɽۣԭ޽Ҫһµܽӹְ֮
һȴǴĶһڵļӣͻȻʧȥ˺ڵϵҪһµļǰȥְ𣬲ͬʱŪǰߵ䡣
񣬺ʣһΪˡ
ȻѪӵʯ󽻳һδȵ֮ǰȻǰɧŵġﵣصӵĻؿ԰Ķɹꡣһ㴦Լռɷ֮Ĵ㣬ҪˡְλֻҪͽڵӶԵΡ
ڶЩˡ
ϾںͺˮżһˣȻ߼䲢δģڱ߽紦żȴǳз顣
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Ȼְλ˳㣬ԵεҪҲǼߣֻͽڵ飬ҪÿϽɴʯţ򲻵ְλ޷סܵŹϳͽ䡣
һ񡭡
Ŀһڴϣ¶˼ı顣


158 
һǷˡ
Ϊԭһ߻ӵطΪڵʹйԼΪһǵκŹϽҺϴڣҲ̤˳һ
Ϊ˱֤ԼȷִУŶֻһӣרŻලǷΥԼ֮ɡ
Ҳˣɢ޺ߵЩа޺ʿҲĻݵĽǱ
ʶļӣȻҲͳΪĳЩ˵ж̣ᾭ⵽ɱΧ飬еһڶӽ鷢
飬ȻڴŭɨκȻаȫնɱˣ˺ɼȴĿŵг֣ɴҲͬǱ
һڼӰȫȻһ´Ϊ˱ϡ
ʹˣҲһּΣյְλһλҲǳе飬ڲȫ˵ġ
ȻΣյĽȻҲǾˣһ׵ľ˽ɻȡһɷ֮ˡ
δְλҪȴֻҪͽΪӼɡ
ϾҪְ𲢷Ǽѡ
֮һ¶ԴģȻǿھȻܾͬһطԵʣΪӲɻһǱڶ޷֪εıˡ
Ȼ˵а޺УҲˣȴĺڷкһЩصĻɫᣬᾭʦҲΪ֮Ĳѵı˵пܻҪɷ֮
ڵμӵΣԣԼֻҪһıݣٶСЩͲὫݱ¶ġ
ڵʵֻҪʦ֣һͽмκ˵ġ
һ͵ڶȴǾ̫һ㣬ʵڲıʩеġ
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ʲôʦҪȡӵ񣡡ʯִ̨Ҳʶ֮ˣԺͲһŴԾı顣
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⵹ǣ԰ʦڵݵλαҪȡȻʦʵǿ󣬵ҪȥĻȻʮΣյġִ̲ס
գ϶˵ˡûϵСΪӦЩġȻ˶ڣеļֵ
ʦһҪѡȡʦȻҲˡְλͬһ㣬ʦܽȡ󣬻Ҫȥһڵʦ塣ʦרŸڸؼϵ˵ġǾ㲻ϸĻʦܻ޷ȡġңйǰμӵϺʹݵƣҲͬҪʦõġִԣֻҪӹƣö̹˼º˵
лʦѣСȥʦһˡջԼƣЩȻĳлһ
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ôĪʦڲɽ𣿡Ȼɻʵ
⵹ǵģֻʦ鲻̫ãײ͵ġһɽԥһ£ص
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Ǻǣ˵Ļʦֵܶ˿ɲðʦķ飬ʦܲΪ˴󹦣ʦ˵һġɽӻһۣһһЦŻص
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ȻҲٵĸһЩԼؾеļţλɽζ
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֮ɽһڿշɽ·ɫƽ˴֮ڡ
ʮɿ㣬ڴͷһǰһ۵ĸߴӣĿǽϹŵһװõɫ޽䲻ξһɽĳ֮С
Ӱ״죬ݼʦߵǰ󣬵һʺ
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һٷʱңӼͷ΢΢һת˹λʦ
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˵ֶѣԲŲܻ߳ؾˡմԣȴɫȻһ
ңӾġ̾һȻǫѷĻص
ߣֻʵĻֶӵһԹʮеκˣһλ߳ؾȴû⵽Һܺ棬λߵľӤɽӣжʵˡմ˫Ŀһк˵
ʦ˼ǡüͷһ壬Сĵʵ
ܼ򵥣⼸ܲãҪСҲҰʲô飬ǽӲһĻǴʹȥɣմɫһֵĺȵ
һ⻰ɫĴˣ֮󣬲ſЦһ˵
ʦĪǺʦֶЦģʦΪΪܽµġ


159 ֮
ģһԲᶯʦϷġǲԸӵĻҲǿھͿ뿪ɵûҹҵġմԣȴ˵
һ⻰һݣȻ׶Է˵ġδҹȻǲܴӦκҪˡ
ɿת󣬻ǻֱӣֵ˵ȻʦһҪԵʦֶͶʦˡ
ٺ٣ܺáŶˣֻҪܽһ£Ұʲô飬ҶȴӦġմ󺺺ٺһ˵ֱһȻһָһˡ
һ˾ҵĵַɿһһӿΪֵĿͬʱһǰһģڹһ֣һ\ܵǰ
ʱմָϵһһϸ˿ָ⴦һ̣һĻΪڰ־޴ֱһ˶ȥ
δ˹еľһɽϢһ
˼һһ֣½˲両ֶһģĿ
һֻֻһöɫоͬʱĸֶһ󣬾ͷ͡ļȥ
öоͺնϣ΢΢һ󣬾žз׷ɢ
ʱһҲ˵ϡ
䡱һ󣬶ͬʱбѶ
ɫɫ绡˲ݺύ֯һ𣬵Ȼһ󣬵绡ڿнɫ˺Ѷ飬ʣһǰɫϡ
ɫһ䣬ֱһ̧һֵָһֵҲ˹ϣͬʱڷӿ
ʹˣɫҲֻǼһĴѶ
ʱʣ绡ҲֻʣĴָϸСˣϻȴһ»ΪӰĿ
һʣ绡ͺдͬʱһɢˡ
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Ȼе㱾£ֲΪһŮӣ͸ȥǸ߳Сˡξˣ˵ɣҪʲô顣մĿô˾ɫԻмֵ˵лʦ壬ǰʵǽְλԲݼʦġһɣԲʧĹ˵
죿ְλʮΣպ֣´ǽڲʦˡ˵Ļ뿪ŵҲʧһ֮١߳һҺڳɹŵӵȷ̫ùġմ֮ԣû̫⣬ͷ˵
ʦǴӦˡȻһϲʵ
ܽһֻҪСһЩϼӦҲ㹻ԱġҪӦ룬ñ뻹Ӧһմ󺺳һº˵
ʦ˵ֻҪһᾡġһһתæص
ܼ򵥡ȥ󣬰һСæδΪʦǰǷһѵĲС顣ȥȴȥȴƺһЩ鷳ͨҵǰҾԮӦҲЭ飬Ϊڸ߲Ȼƻأȥġ߼ӣҪôҪҪôΪȥ̫ͬĵġļְλ˳ҽѺ˵鷳ɡմ󺺻˵
ԭˡʦģֻҪܼһʦġ˺һ˼Ͳ˼һڴӦ
ܺãҲܿӵԼһЩʹְλйϡţʧټҲеģ㶼ûȥúÿɡӽӹڸϵְ𣬷ҪŹϳ͡մ󺺵ͷִͳһķİɫƺһö򣬵˹
ǣһڸϵġӹλɫһݵ˵
ûʲô飬ȥɡһپһġմ˵껰Ϻһ˫Ŀһգ治
ȻЩ֣һ󣬾Ȼ˳ɫ
ʦ֣㽫ְλʦֶҪǸ߳Ϊʦ˵жʦЩٵġһĳӺӰһΣȻ߳һӰ
ʮģǹһʦֲ
ʦã֪ҲƼһȥδְλһεļҲ֮˿ûеʧٵˡɼˮԽԽˣʦΪԼƼӱȰʦֶ𣿡մ˫ĿɨŮһۣȴֻشǰʡ
⵹ҲǡλҲʮ޽Ϊһɷ֮ŴƴһѵġȻʦָʦֶǾ͵СδˡʦΪ⺢ӵ飬Щɽٿᶼμӡ²̫ðɣֲ΢΢һЦ˵
ߣʦƼǴҪʦ֮Ȱ˵İɡմһ˵
ҲҵĹϵΪãʦֲ˭ġֲ˿Ļص
ʦþȥظʦ֣˵Ҹû¡Ȼ鲻̫ãҲڵµġϾҵ治ԸĻȫԳؾġȻˣȻҪԼеɴ˲һк׼ҲΪһŵ䣬ʹһ겻ġմ󺺵Ȼ˵
ãʦ⻰ˡСȥظʦˡֲԣһϲ
ˣʦολӺͰʦֶġ
ۿŮӸҪߣմ󺺿һ䡣
ʦֵСһεģΪǣ˹ʦ֡ʦˣҲֱӳµģֻܽìܵŮȸϻ˼壬ʣµֻ˳Ȼˡüһ˵
ߣܰʦֶΪ¶ͣʦֻǴƫԼӼˡʲô˳Ȼ߳ԺΪʦʦֶ˿֮ûаɡմԣһ˵
ȣʦϵȷҲʮΪѵġϾԸ߳ʳΪһԱʮ֮˾ŵ飬Ժ˵һ˿ΪߵĿܡʦֶȻΪ´󹦣ŸøʹҲȫһ˿ٵȫˣʵ̫һЩ֮壬Ϊʦվû̫ǰ;ġܲΪһͽӣȥѹһԺܵǿ߰ɡʦ飬ҲѾˡðʦֶ뿪Ҳһ£˵߳ʦ󣬻Ὣ߼ԹܿͻԺġŮɫ˵
˵ǰĸ߳壬˵ŵġڵ𡭡ٺ٣ˣ̫ͬģǸ߳ΪӵС¶ʲôԹʦΪһں𣡡մЦһ˵


160 ۱
ʦڵλ߳ΪʦǰȻʵʵġ˵ˣ߳⺢֮ǰ˾޴һȻԭһȴΪʦֵ׵մջ¡˹ȻΪͽھʹ²ǶӰȴʮְԵģֻеȽʦ֮󣬹¯һغ󣬲Żָµ¯ʦҲѾɫˡֲЦŽ䡣
ʦòöʲôˡ߳Ժɺģҿû̫ϵġԺɻǿߣʱҶҲ粻ˡʱˣʦҲɽɡҪúþһˡմһ֣Įĵ
ֲˣֻܿЦһ뿪ˡ

صס˿ķļơ
ƱԵžƣһӡš족֣һӡšڡ֣һע뷨󣬵ḡֳزͬɫ
ﾹȻҲһƷ
ڿֳ֮ȴһ˿˼ɫ
ǰǰԹϵõǿ鵭ɫƣΪƣֻƷԶԶˡ
˵ǿ鵭ɫҲǴĳݵˣͷԹϵġ
Ȼ˼ٱ䣬Ҳ벻ؾок˳֣ڱǰɱʮɺϵˡ
ٰ˵һֽöȡͷһʼþ鿴мصĶ
һӺһöɫм
벻ȻеĻҪӣȻӰгֹȻ׼˴ʱȻûĵˡ
ૼ־˼ú󣬲ŽƺȫһıĿϢ

һƬΪ˽صɽǰڴɫصֶţڲԶһƬɲݶϣȻһͷѩèһŵĺ˯š
֪˶úɽвнŲ߳һƲʮһĻͯӡ
һߵǰЦе˵ʦ֣ʦѾȲӰˡڰʱ䣬㻹ɽţȵϵʱȥӰڴĦ
лʦܣĳھڸȺһˡԴϲлһ󣬵ɽȸһŴ͵صϥ¡
Ȼ겻ڣӰڵĻᣬȻܷŲõģںú˼պ󣬽ŵʦڵĽشӰһġ
Щϧǣԭ˳ݼһλʦһ棬ȴƺûеһͽӵ˼ֻعͯӴӦ
ʱǻͯȴһƨԱͷѩèԣһֱѹڴë׵ϣúͺ˯
Σа档
ͷèһʮΣյѹ֮УͯȴΪߣ߾ȵദʵһ顣
Ҳܿı˫Ŀʼ
ʱһĹȥɫڿҪʱ˯һСͯһĴèһ󣬾Цĳкһʦ֣ʱˡȥӰڴˡͷȵʱʦһҪҺ棬ʦԲµĽƣǿɾ鷳ˡ
Ȼʦܾǰ·ˡԣ˫ĿһվĻص
ǰСͯȻСȴһʮаŸоȻ˵Ҳҵġ
ͯӾʹһʯС·ɽȣȴͷѩèڹ⡣
ֻС·ԼȫǻҝԼľɽʯ֮ණϸȴָоЩںһƬ޷̫
СͯԼһһƬ֣תƺһƬֱͱǰ
ͱ·Ȼһ鱻׹ɫʯš
Сִ̧ͯӻͳһƣʯһκ󣬵һ⼤һŵûʯС
Ƭ̺ʯű׹⵱죬ڿº󣬡ۡһƾɢˡ
ʦּסֻһʱ䣬һʯŽٴʧʱ򣬾ͱġ⣬ӰʦѾˣȥͿֱӹĦסһ㣬ӰǱȥӴһ˿𺦣Źϳ͵ġСͯת˵ϱޱȡ
ʦܷģΥ涨ġҲ֣ػص
СͯԣĵͷǰһһѽʯŻƿȻٻ˵һ롱֡
һ󣬴߽ʯڡ
һеʱʯŵеһ϶ϣͬʱһʧ׹һʯϻָˡ
ҡҡͷϸΧһС
ֻ˿̵ȻһʮſʯУϺıȫǿƼӲޱȵİɫʯм˷һ⣬ֻһɫŷڽ䴦κζˡ
ɫһֱӳ徧˹ȥΧ仺Ȧ
龧ڲ󣬿ɣҲֻгѣ˫Ŀһȥ󣬵ֻ۾ǵɫâϸһȴͷĿѣĹо
΢΢һ󣬼æ˫ĿһյĸĿ⣬ȸо΢һЩµ˫Ŀ
ʱȴٿӰڣǼߵһʯǰ´ͣ
ʯϣȻŹֵĻۣǳһЩֱֱȥЩȴЩȴֵַĹŹַϣ鲼ʯ֮ϡ
˫üһָһЩЩ̺ۺͷźĿʯҲһɨȥ
ʱſɿʯϾȻҲͬĿ̺ۣȫһ޶ӡ
Щ̺ۣȻǰӰڵдЩǰ˵ʱͻȻӾʲô˲˳־ڸµЩ̺۱ǡȻдˣջǺģҲԺӰ֮вġ
ҲյöйӰʱҪᵽĶ
Ҳ˰ʱʱ䣬һʯ¶Ҵҵļ£˫ĿһյĹ¼󣬲ߵ䴦һץ󶪵˾ǰԶϣŲŲæǰϥá
˿̣ƽʱַϥϣһ˫Ŀлעȥ۴žѡ
һٷ˫ĿȻâȴһƬͷϿʼڵð
Ȼһͺȣ˫ĿâһƤɿϣɫΪ֮һɣһ˵ӰڣȻȻ֮ЧҾ㹻ǿ󣬸ղŻ޷԰ˡ֮⣬ЩģӰӵ״ʲô˼


161 
ǰȻֱӾʱ䲻̫ǿյᵽģӰ
ЩӰĳ֣ղݾȻ֮ԼҲҿ϶ЩھϸֹֻԼӳһЩþѡ
յԣЩģӰҲȷһ桢ƼٷǼٵĴڡЩӰһЩģȴΪУװ˷һĲʱ䡣οȻҪԼѡ
ӰڵȷޱȣľҲһ޷̫ʱģҪôþУҪô޷ֵʴĻڲ֪л˯ȥ
ղҲĪѶġ
ĬĬ˼һеָĲ󣬲ٴεһ˫Ŀעȥڶȥ
ʱһĹȥˡ
ȥҲ֪Լ˶ٴΣһʼЩģӰ⣬ȻδջЩģӰҲϸоһ£ʸʯϵЩ̺ʲôϵ
˶ӰڣҲΪĲ٣ȻΣҲûʲô
ϾӰڵʦ֪йõҲûж٣׹ĸ޼Լһͽֶ飬ҲǺƽ顣
˼ţҲǿԼվΧžת˼Ȧ
ҪͯرӴҲǷʲôƣָǷʲôӦġ
ҡҡͷϣŸɴ˫ĿһգʼڤǾɵϢ
ȻӰںԵҲǿʲôôʱƬ̵ĺá
˿˿һðΪһֵΧ
ڤǾ߶ԽԽ죬ϺԽӿԽ࣬ɫҲʼԽִ
ڱĿȴûз֣ԭƽɫϺһð˲䣬ʼϢ΢΢
һʼǳϺԽԽ࣬ƵʾҲʼӿ
յһΪִ֣һ趯ǰ뾧һ²ֻԶʱ򣬺ȻһȻɳһƬ⣬һ󣬾ͺͺɫײһ
ֻâһǰһ֮£ʹƾղˣһζһ»Ϊɫ˿ĽС
ںɫʧһ˲䣬Ȼһ˫ۡ
ֻǰҫʹ־ȫ£ڽķ׷ʧ
ûɺһ֣Խһ֣·˵Ǵ֮һ㡣
˴ʧɫ뷨һʲôٶȴˡ
һһŵĲɫȫûڣɿΪ麣оۼȥΪһ̶Сɫһģķɿת
ʱֻһ飬޷ٿƷָֺ֫޷һˣͬʱԺȴһðͻȻֳһɫƤĵ伮һģ󣬾ͿʼһҳҳĻˣּȴǳģ
ԼӰ϶һƪӣ׹ôһ£־ϲȥ飬ֻƴ伮϶ö伮ֻģģ޷дʲô
ãκΪԼԵʣѹʦԣͨͽҺں󣬲йĦӰһĻᡣд֮£ͻȻм׹ôһ
ȻˣҲκް취ۿԺе伮һҳһΪƾɢˡ
ͬʱ麣еɫȻһֹͣתһģķɳ壬ֱڴء
пЦѣΪԼҪʧһԵʱ麣ȴȻһ̣ݾ˿ûеĸֶ΢΢ŵ⡣
һ̣ͷԼΧһͻȻžޱͬʱоһ±óٻޱԭصɫ򾹱ţһڣͬʱɫȻ֪Сٱɡ
ÿһöɫıܿ
˹ΣȻȻޱȣգ۾ſ˵ЩʲôȴȻԼͬıŻ˲֪ٱϡ
һգۣȻƤһŲպʮһѡ
еһٷɿһתȴмˡ
Ȼܱûʶһ±ñƽϣŻִ龰ġ
ʱһɨҲ麣΢΢ݣЩȻˡ
ʣֲ˼飬϶ݵĹͲ֪ΪλڴʱͻȻðġ
ʵʱ򣬴麣΢΢һ󣬾ͻȻзɴ˿ֻһ󣬾׷ײɫϣһȻһȥ
ɫȻƴŤȻ˿Ȼһء
ĿɿڴʱӰȴһ죡
֮ţиֳʮɫʮӣҹâһͬһ˿Ĳ˵˱ͬϣҲڷȥ
һߵ˿Ȼ˿ãǿűɫһһζ󣬾һʱ佩в
ֻԼ麣һ¸˼֣΢һʢ󣬾Ȼ˿
Щ˿һģ󣬾û뾧У׷ײʮɫϡ
Լһתй򶼴ӾֱӲȥ
ȻйҲ޷ݵ࿹⣬һ类ǰȻһģ׷׵û뵽麣УһںΪһӡ
һ̣ͷ­һ˫ĿһڣԼȻͳһľС
ǽڻǵذݶӰڲһ޶ӡ
ܽ䴦Ȼһʯ̨ÿһʯ̨϶һɫ֣Էһʽһĵ伮
һɫĵ伮Ժֹһ
һжԴ˿̵˵ȫ޹ؽҪˡ
ΪĴԶĵطȻһƲʮ۵վ
˵˰룬һʳһֹŹ֮Ŀ⿴
ǡȻһζĵΪԾʵͬʱȴȻ־۵˾һΪϤĸоƺ·һ㡣
ڵӣôֻͽΪ۵ȴһ䡣
ȷǵڵӣǰǡʦһ߻صɿһת󣬺Ȼһ˸߹ʦϵĳͼ


162 ̫ڤ
ǸʦФͼȻֻǱӰǰηδ磬һ޶
ôܣʦڵĿʦǧǰѾȥͻȻֹط
㵹ǴĺܣȻһϳˡҲʦˣֻ䵱ǰµһ˿ѡʿԣһ˿֮ɫһЦ˵
ԭˣƺ˵ǰʦҲġ֪ʲôطѵӰ𣿡ЩȻЩʵ
ﲻʲôӰڣȥǰԼС־£ûҰһαʶѡνģҲġϾֻһѣ޷֪淢һ飬ֻǵоһЩΪԼ̳еĵӳڸʱЩӦôǰˡһͽܽ˵أ̫Щˣһǰ浽׷ʲô顣ʿĿ⾼Ķ˵
ԣС⡱һ¡
Ȼܽ飬ǰʦҪɻؿ̫ͬܵġϾνʶʲôһϲͨġ

Ŀ΢΢º˵ЩʲôһʱȻȻһ˷ͬʱˡԡĴ֮Ѻƾ渡ֶ·һ̣ݾҪѿһ㡣
ܣʶȻҪˡԭɫȻʿһ˾ŵһʧڡ
ʲôҪˡԣҲһ
ôܵģȻҲʶ֮⴦ʶȻҵȫɣ̶̳ȵ浤ǿҲ޷֮ѹ˴ġ˶ŴѺԼ͸˿˿ɫһ²԰Ѫˡ
Щ͸Ļϱȴһ±ùŹ֮
ЩɢϢϤŪĻɿռϢѵǡ
ڽˣҲգҴǧ֮ãԭӰͿľúͬҲ᲻ڵģڲǰһЩѡȻܽ˵أ˵ҲԵ˵ܻ뿪ġһ㣬ҵ껨ѰѪҲδɵһö֮ߡӦңлĻһҪ͵½ҺСסΪһѪɣʶֻӵѪ֮˲ܼʹáʦλ½̫šΪ꣬Ҿͽ⽣֮صһشɽ֮ڸ㡣סشɽ֮ʹʦҲǽ֮Уʾ˵ġʿʿۿܾһѶ󣬷һɿĳ˵һ󣬾Ȼһſڣ³һöɫĹСȻһץסǰһ룬ֳֵǽĳʯ̨Ͻɫ伮һ֡
ۡһʯ̨ɫһѶɫ伮ʱΪһļһ󣬾һ¾ͣǰˡ
Ȼʶһѽɫ伮ץסһģ󣬾ƾвӰ
һʲôķɿ˵ǰѧϰڤǾ֪湦С
ʲô޵ڤǾֲһŹղŻзɳȥˡڤǾеõһϹŹҵֻõǰ벿ѡҪԼԵȥѰˡ֪½ƺѾ˷ֺ벿ֵټˣȻһŹҲ͸ɣڽҺں󣬿ֱȸ޴ŷġһԥ󣬾̾һ˵һֳǰһʯ̨Ϻɫ伮һС
ʱɫͬѺ󣬺ɫ伮Ҳһ¼һͬûвӰ
µʿȴģ·ǹȡ伮˵Ҳһ顣
ˣȻæл
ʿڰ֣˵ЩʲôʱܾȴһУڴѵȫʱ˰Ĵ˷Ĵһѹʿȫһû˽ȥ
ֻȻһʶٴһģ󣬷ԼȻ³ǵɫӰǰԼһҪı䷨Ƶӡ
ǡ
ȻΣѾΪϤˣǲЩɸղһǷֻǻþѡ
ĿӰһɨȥֻ˱Ȼ˿ǰʲô֮ͬ
һ󣬽ʶһԼһɫʱ
ֻݻ΢΢麣У麣֮ȴһöɫС·Ծʮη壬ֻ麣Ʈҿݷֺ
ȻһգһɨԼʶУŵɫƾոֶþһ£Źһת󣬷ֱΪһһ伮
̫
ڤ
Ȼһ˵ŹƣȻǷͬСɵķ
һϲ󣬵þһɫ伮һҳҳķ
ͬһʱ䣬ɽһصУԭڱĿʦ棬ȴ֪ʱ˫Ŀͬʱ¶һ˿ɻɫ
ȻһתȻһ浭ɫ̣һ֮󣬶ʱһؽƸֶȻһģͻû̾ھǰͼ
ʦϸͼе;ڼۺ󣬲ŵһģɫ̾»ָˡ
Ź֣ղѪͻȻӿôһ£ѵ̫ľЩˡૼ󣬲ҡҡͷĽֿʼĿ
ڶһ磬ͯ׼ʱʯһƶʱھǰҲһ˫Ŀվ
ʦ֣ʱ䵽ˡ뿪ɽˡ߽ͯЦеĳ˵
лʦ֪ͨҲʱˣҲҪ뿪ġͬһЦ˵
ŶʦӣĪӰЩջ𣿡ͯӼΣ˫Ŀһʵ
ջһЩֻǽҿ˼ڤһ⣬һ֪ǷЧҪȥԳһ²ȷϵġĻһ䡣
ʦջ㲻ˡʦʦһϣ˿ûõġͯһЦĻص
ǺǣĳҲġҲһЦ
ʱ䣬ͯ·£һֱ߳ɽȡ
ʱͯӲ·عУٴʯУΧӰתȦģֱӸļһ飬ƺֲûʲô󣬲ҡͷԵ뿪ӡ
˾ӤɽĴУ˫վյãȪǰ
ȻѾԼĴ㣬һҪ뿪꣬Ҳˡڲѡʦ磬ȷ֮ٵġһžһʱĥٳҺڵĻ϶ҪһϣġȪĳ˵


163 ǧ֮׹Ǿ
ҲģԲ㼱ɵģص
˵ҲʮΣ֮ǰų飬ԷԺʲôǿСȴ˵һʹзɳһСƿ
һѽСƿץסȻһϲĿгл
һųشͷԹöĻȷһ´ٵġ
ȻʦͶˣʦҲֶȥġɣһ߼۹õı԰˸ͷ棬ӦԶ֮дôġյ΢΢һЦ󣬴ӻһ߰Ķһݹȥ
лʦǡĽӹϸһȴ΢΢һˡ
Ǻǣ벻ʦþȻǧ֮桯Ҳʦֶˡȥһ챦ֻҪһţעЩͿϲıԼݣұ磬˿ڳ˴Ψһȱǣ߿ɼֵǧʯһƷһʹúҲֻʹ޶ѡȪˣһ˿ɫ˵
˴ӾͿˡԣϲٳʩһ
ȻµӣʦȻֲ̫Сġʦ֣Һʦֶ㲻ĵĲóЩôɡյƳһۺ󣬺ȻһЦ˵
ٺ٣ʦò˵ʦҲһʾûеġһ֮ණʦֶҲȱٵġɡһƪԴġ׹ǾСԽһڳʱ仯һ֮ٺǧ֮ϣһӵ޷죬ԸѧϰȪЦŵĳ˵
лʦͣӵȻԸѧϰһ⻰һϲĻص
ã׷˴ҳϣȥº󣬾ͽٵɡȪͷӻһдֵĵɫҳ˳ȥ
æǰһӹҳ
⣬⻹һƿ߽׽ⶾҪϴеЩҲٶˡȪһתóһСƿҲֱһ׶ȥ
ӹСƿٴγлѡ
ʱ䣬Ȫ䣬Ⱥ뿪ˡ
תۼ䣬ھֻʣյö˶ѡ
죬ǰ˵ҪΪʦʲô飬ôǰŴ˵ġյһȪ뿪󣬾ɫһĳʵ
ʵͽ˵ģйͽ顭һº󣬲Ż˵
⻰ʲô˼յԣȻȻ֮ɫˡ
ʵӲǰ׼ӵܣҲǽС״졯Ҫӵӵ˵ˡɫصĿʼ
һӺ󣬵һ˿֮ɫĴɽһɶˣڴϵյȴЦ֮ɫˡ
û뵽⺢ӻһ˵󲻴˵ССʦĻҪȥܽ»ΪСġ⺢½Ϊ´󹦣ֱƵĲò뿪ţЩһҲץס˵㲻ŵġ૵ֳһ󣬾һվҲ߳˴
ʱȴѾصס΢ʰһº󣬾ƮȻ뿪˾Ӥɽ
ʱһϣԶɽŰԶһ·š
ʱһͼϸ鿴ţκ󣬲ȥ׼Ҫ΢ЩԶ·ֻҪ˼龡˽ͿȥǬһˣףȻȥҲٵġ
һ˵⻰ͽͼһնڣóһ״˶Է󣬾͵ͷҲһն𣬶Ȫ͵ҳ׹Ǿ˳ǰ
ƪ˿ԽʮԼӸı䳤⣬ûκãʶƪӡ
Ĵӱ̶ȣռ乤򣬾ͽƪ͸ˡ
֮ҳһնģİտھȻһᷨ麣һתһʱпӿһɢȥ
һ̣һͺȣڵ˱ĴͷһΣȻ䱩һͷ࣬һ±Ϊ
ڻһվ´ٻֽţòκβ׺һͬıСһأмС
ֳһ˿ϲɫһߵĽָ󣬾óҳٿ飬Ȼһġ
ۡһҳʱڻлΪ˷ɻҡ
ȻŽһգԼ麣һɨȥ
ֻݺȻ麣΢΢ѣ
üͷ΢΢һˡ
Դǰֺ󣬾ûǰǰʧҲûг䷨Σ麣йͣ
Ȼв
һӹзסʱȻҲԹ÷;ٴݣһ˿ЧûС
һʦʶǻҝռɵΣо͸ӵľʵ޷ݺǻɿռ䵽ʲôȻҲ
䶼ûͨȻǶʱŪˡ
ҡҡͷֽĿ麣öĵɫСˡ
ǰЩоѾŪνġ֮顱ʵ֮ĳĴڣҾʦ˵ǰ㣬޷ͽƳʹ߶ġ
ⶫƺҲûʲôȻҲˡ
õ̫ڤ伮ҲҴҴſһˡ
صĵ۹̫ˣܿʲôġ
̫Ǽĳַɽ֮ȴǲٵġ
һڤȴƺһַǳǿ֮ԼڤǾһഫƺרſƹӡ
ϧ˵˹Һںʦܲġ
Ǳ̫޴ƣȲ͸ѡȡּһġ
һУȻװ󣬲ܽеġ
Ҫ飬ץϵ׼ңԼݺ³׽˵ˡ
ѾǰԼðʵյãԼλʦҲӦ仯¡
һѾڲ֮ˣȥ׼ҽ⣬Ȼˮɵˡ
ݺʵһֻһͽİ׼ңκε
ţ΢һߣ»Ƶӿ˼ٶȣֱԶȥˡ
ϣҹɫʼڵʱʹո˵ҲԸðռ·
·Ұɽ봦һɽͷһ£㿪һʯʹϢ׼ڶһټ·
ҹʱڴȻо麣еȻһ̣һӴ֮ľ˿׵һӿ˲͵ͷ­


164 ׸
Ȼ󾪣δηӦʱɾʶпעȥ侫һֲֿٶȷɿǶ
ǡ
һ˲䣬˵ȡٷ顣
ĻֻһηĲǷǾ֮ľ֮
Ϊλִ£ɿһתҲһʦʶǻҝռӲѹɵһĻʱмֻȻˡ
ЩͷҲһŵ飬ӿľ޷ϸʲôֻƴʩ߶õħľ໤סԼʶеһ䲻ͻأӴһ³
ԽǱʶѣԽܸоԼķ̶ȣһСĹ򣬾Ȼ侫һ±ǰˡ
ӴľȻħľס񣬵ͷ­пظģ΢΢֮£ɫ԰ޱȣͷپԼ˿˿Ѫʶˡ
ʱͶһĶõ츳鼱֮£һΪȻͬʱ߶ħľǿֵӴĳ
ٹƬ̺Ȼһȣʯ죬һˣȻʹ˵Ļ˹ȥ
֪˶úڸоеζڻ˹
˫۵һ˲䣬һУȻǵѪ֮ɫġ
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ǰһĻǾ֣
Ҫһֱ֧ţڻǰһ̣ǹɾڲӿͷ­ҪӲű
ҲоԼʶƺǰӲıϣӴ֮ľʶÿһط΢һ£ͷ­ʹ
Ҫɾƿ磬ҪһʱòС
һڿֲľѾһʦȥˡ
˼Ȼʲôæһȥ麣һɨȥ
ȻöٴӰˡ
һնأָ°֣ȴ¶˼ɫ
ԭȵĲ²벻٣ӴķԴȻǺʦ񸮱йˡ
ַȻſʼͿɷᴿķδһġ
Ժ飬һҪĶСˡ
һûбֱӳͷ­һĻɲһҲˡ
ǻ˵ˣַҪúõĻȴٶȿģջ֮ҲҲȻĶġ
һǰͷ­ľʱֲһķɿ콫˷׵Ժ
Ҫ˵֪νʶдֻĻûȫ߲֮ôֶΣºɱġ
ʱ䣬ּһԼ䴦ֲûʲô˺Ҳһɵˡ

ƿǴʮ֮һˮǷƿ֮һСʿۼ֮ء
˳ؽ޽ɣй֮ʺֲȵƽԭڵأڸʱмֵĸߵͭȿ֣һˮǷһʱ֪жٴС̾С
Ϊˮʷƾõ֮һİ׼ңһȴüΪԾ׼Զİ׼ҴСͻȻʼſͣð׼һֲּٶӿڶ̶ʱھͻ˲ٴСж
һЩУ׼ϴ飬ǰһ״ĵϵӳΪŵʱһ´һҳΪˮǾ֮һһٶȴ˿ûУˮļң԰׼ҾٶȴʮֿƣƺֻҪ׼ҲַǵΧһ޶õӡ
ú󣬾ʹ˰׼а״İ׼ºӭȢպС飬ٹйλ׼ΪʮŵӵĴţŽʿ֮䴫
һʿһЩСŻȻ׷׻æĶ׼һɴֱͶ׼Ϊ䣬ð׼Ҽһҹ֮ѹңռСˮǡ
һʱ䣬׼ˮǿˣ
һգռؼĶ֮İ׸ǰȻһ۵̧꣬׿˿ۡǰҾ޴ңٵɨһվڴԲҶ󣬾ֱ̧ȥ
ǰ׸ʲôˣȻҴ
ҶȻİ˾㴳ȥȻŴһΪһںĸߴӣһɵĳͺһ
ҪЩһ۾Ϳǰƺһˣкһȭˡ
ȻǴҴҲŸһĻ˵һ̧ͽһöɫ˹ȥͬʱޱ˵ｻ֮ˣ˵ˡ
ȴǵ״֮ðʱȻҲһͬڣó
ˣ⻰ʲô˼ĪϷˣҲɣּҶʶһ½ס壬һ󣬲ɫһ䡣
Ҫ֪Ű׼µľǣЩȻҲˮǴߵ˸ǵġͻȻһӣ˵ûͷûԵĻȻдŭ
ԣֻĿ˺ּҶһۣȻһ
ʲôΪںһЩҾͲҡõģԵһ£ͽ븮ȥּҶɫ˵䣬ĿȻǰվطһۺ󣬶ʱɫһ°˼ֵĽ˵
ҶЩ֣ĿͬһɨȥҲһ
ֻԭ⻬ʯϣ֪ʱĶӡʯд֮֮ʯĵ̶ɵһ㡣
ЩҶΪ׸ˣȻҲӴһЩʿǻ֪ǰĲһˣȻȫһ±ʵ֮
ĿúּҶɿźСܶȥԼ򾲾վڴǰȺ
ʱ䲻ҲһյĹ
׸ͻȻ죬һöӭУӰ׸һӿŷһͷ׷ߴӸ˳Ŀһ󣬾̿˴ǰֱվЦݵļæ˹һĹ˵
үڻˡүСǰЩ컹߶㣬˵ͻظģû뵽ūվһ¾ͼүүС֪֪ж˵ġ
˭ϵңĿһʵ
ү˵Цˣū󴰡ҿǴСүġȻЦǺǵ˵


165 
󴣿Ͽ˿ɫһۣĵͷҲ˵һ߶ȥ
ĿȻһ۾ͿǰߣҲһΪʿϵġ
󴼱æǰ·ҿʮֹķɿ˵үСȥ̸һЩȥˣūѾ˴Ӻſӱ޵֪ͨүظϢˣүС㶥ͻ̷ظеġȰүǰԺס°ɡ
ڸУڰ׸˭ģһ䡣
үɶүеģүһֱڱչеġʵʵĻص
ţڸ˭ҶϣһҪµˡĻߣӣӦҲֻ֪֮ˣҾͲ˵ˡĿɨһۺһ˵
ү˵Цˣū֪ʲô顣үģүСһүġɫ΢΢һ䣬Ц˵
ޱĲ˵ʲôˣֻǸ߶һתһպûһһ쳣ľԺǰ
ڴԺǰƺɫòѾվȫʮģһ߹һ˵ݼܹܣ
÷÷ЩԺרŸʳסУκε̼֮ҷź򣡴үǲ۵Ļū̻°ź㡣öŮЦݵĳʵ
ǰɣĿһɨǰĶŮһۣÿɷ˵
ǣүϢɣū͸ˡʲôҪ㾡ܷԸˡ󴹧Ե
ͷͲԺһ߶ȥ÷÷Ѿʾ£Ҳæ鲽ĸ˽ȥ
ĿԺһضϺЦ΢΢һüͷԭطһ󣬲һת뿪ˡ
ŸûԶȻС·һŴӰһεֳһƾߵǰȻ󹧾˵ܼңСѾְźˣֻҪ뿪Ժкһҵ̾ͻ֪ġ
ʲôˣҪдүүʹСûԸĿǰǰ׸һǺʵġ⣬ŵȫɡǺεˣһЩͨùĿȻҲǸй²֪£׼ŵġ󴿴һۣȴ˵
ǣС̾ͽֳһ飬ڴӦ
ַԸ󣬲˫һ뿪ˡ
ֱӣһЩ޵Ŀ⿴˿ԶȥӰһۺ󣬺һһС·ȥˡ
Ƭ̺ȴһƬԺ󣬲ھں󣬲һ᷿ͨǰǰߵһš
ǰɣɡһȻд˳
ǣүߴӦһŵ˽ȥ
ֻ治УȻһŮ͵Ⱥ
еĿΪƣһ֮ʹԼʮӣһеȴʮ꣬뺷Ϣһ߳ĴʳŮȴһ׵ƣһͭȣӡ
ūݼ̫үү󴵱ǰ˹һ
׹ܼңҲˣʱα˿Ѿźˣ˵ʲôûС֮ӣһֺ󣬼æʵ
үѾŵ˴үԭסˣ÷Ѿͷȥźˡڻ𣬴˳˵һҪүʹС⣬û˵ġ󴹧Ļص
֮ӣȻǰ׸ڼ
˵Щûһڵ𣿡һ뺷ӣȴĿһʵ
үûС߲˼Ļص
뺷ȴǰ׸˳ƶүİ׼϶
ɫΣʲô쳣𣿡Ҳʵ
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ܴ򶯣ǾٶһЩ롣ǰ׼ҵ˶꣬òץסǰᣬٱԭȥġȴһ˵
ĸ״ˣ˱ϾеλͬСɵͽھʵѹ£ҵЩʿúʹֱӽģԺûѡȥ̶֪ͨȥˡȻ̶ֻڵͨӣҲڿɱȵģ˵ĻڳĻǲźúʹ̸ġ˵
̶ȥȥ˰ɣһʹߣαҪ̶Ѿͷȥӵġ϶ȴЩ˵
϶Ͳ֪ˡʹĿɲһʿ˵Ҳǰھµһͽǰ׼Ȼ̶ֻܵˡȴƳ˱뺷һۣ˵
ԭˣ̶֪Ѿͷܷϻˣ϶ЩȻˡ
ģҾյ̶Ϣʹڳķɺ׶ֻҪõеϢźܸܿϻġг˵
ˡʱʹҲҪ̶һˣһҲСӵĻʲôɣ뺷ӻһɻʵ
İɡȻûϵ˻׼ҡʹʱסһ죬顣ڰ˵飬Ѿ飬ҲһͽΪʹˣûн׵飬ԼҲ׷ġڹؼǣǰ׼ҽ̶һͽ֧Ű׼ʵˡ۲κΰ취ǶҪʮӵͷܱסڵĻҵмص˵
˵ǰ׼ҵ˥ҪСӵ̸ˡ϶ԣЦ
Ҳûа취顣ҪǳΪʮ֮Ǵ⺢ӻǸöá˵Ļɱǰ׼Ұʢġ˵ǿϧ֮ɫ
ߣĸײҪ˵ǸˡΪһʿȻɥһٵСУμӿ䣬Ҳ޷ͨġȴһ˵
Ҫ潫Сӱǰ׼֮ˣҲǲܵġ׼϶°ͺ󣬾ͺȻ˵һ
ܵ˼ǡԣ΢΢һ
Ҫǰ׼ǰȫ̶Ѿͷͽ֧ţԸ⽫ˣƺҲ˼˰ɡ׼϶ȻһЦ˵
ʲô̶СӣԲУһԣŭһڻؾ


166 ̶
ΪʲôССӿʮ֮һʵݶ̶´ġλʿС㣬Ϊ̫пԭ飬̶ݺͽίĻҲСӲĵġҪǣҲǲɱҺ޹ϵֻǴ׵ӳһСӡΪǰ׼ҳ𣿡϶ȴЩ˷ܵ˵
Ȼû˵¶һ˿Ķ֮ɫ
ĸףܣǿɱˣǵǴӦ̶ģֻҪΪͽйɾȫ䱾⣬ǿġˣЦһĻص
磬Ǵһʱһʱˡ޷СӶģ׼Ҳһҹ֮䱻ԭΣǽ֮£˵ŵΣյġϾǰΪǿѾ̫ˡ϶Щ鼱˵
⻰ɫºһʱ䲻֪˵ʲôá
ţ϶˵ҲЩ̶ϾͽݣҲ޷ΪġɣԽ˼˵һ£һ̶ҲԻȷȫˣҲΪѵġ˵
ãȻĸ״˵ˣ̶һ󣬾ͺһ´°ɡһҲ˵ֻһҧ˵
һԺУϥڴϣıĿϢ·콫Ҫ飬ĵӡ

ڶһ磬ȻڴȻɫ΢΢һһ˫ĿݶϿյһۣɫ±۾
ͬһʱ䣬ڰ׸ϿհϿУһһŮһƵĲվһĿͬʱ·СԺš
׸ֻһӵͽϢܵȷصˡһɫۣ쳣Ӣ꣬Ȼת׳ԱͷɫŮӣЦ˵
ţǰ뿪ʱԺ仹ǿտյģȷסвˡʱ仰ٽСܸܽɡɫŮӷö˵
ãȻҪټ̶һ棬ͬʱҲλδ÷򵽵ʲôԴӱк󣬶ܿһûδģСжܶ͵ġܳΪʮ֮һӦ֮ġȴһЦ˵
˵£һҪлֵġҪּʱ֪ͨСã׼Ҳܼʱ֪СܳΪʮܵϢץסἰʱǰ׼ġŮĻص
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ǶŮӣȻλµİ̶ˡ
ٺ٣ҵҪõڷ飬ȷǲ̫סǵȸ°֪Ҳ顣֪ǱϢҲΪС;ʱѶԵʡΪֲ˵Ҳܿ콫Ϣذ׼ҵģΪҲǽѡӼܽףʱȻ͸ֱ˴ˡٺһ˵
СȻҲϣһһĽ˳׹һҪԸǵĻҪ༸ּɵġһʱ䲻Сδˮ⳩һһлĻһľһЩڣȥɣСȸְźס죬˵ûҪ̸һЩֵϸ⡣̶΢΢һЦ󣬾·׸һȥˡ
ЩŰ̶ȱӰһۣҲһˡ
һӺ󣬰̶ͳ˰׼רӭ͵ĴУ׼Ҽ϶ϣڽ̸ʲô
̶ڻˡΪΪҪЩܵġһԼŮϲ˵
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ĸģѾ䰲źˣҵȸһҹ·ӦѾȰЪˡ̶΢΢һЦĻص
ͺãûкС̸һе£Բȼġԣ΢һ
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ȷ˵ġϾǶ뱸սһġзʲôǲ֪顣̶΢΢һ󣬻ص
ܷʲô飬Ӱ쵽ǵļƻ׼Ҽɫ΢΢һʵ
˵ϾϴεõϢǴڴгΪʮʱ飬һǱ߸ĴϢҲõģǲȡѵѾڸ֣һл̽ʲôϢ󣬾ͻ÷ġҪģγ£ס˵⡣̶ǲŲæ˵
ţȷ˵ġ̶ҲһͽǰǷܴСӵġһɫмصʵ
ǰĻ϶´ˡ˳ΪʮӺ󣬿²˵ˡһݣŽԼð֮ڸ߲гҲֻСһѣ޷úôҪЮġʵ󣬿²Ըٺǰ׼ʲôǣ쵶նĽǰ׼ҵĹϵ˵ĻԭȷһЩ̶̾һ˵
ǰѾǰ׼óļޣϾǰ׼ԭҲֻһң޶Դ۵ġ׼϶Щ鼱ˡ
ԷѾʮˣʹ֮أѽ׼Դеġ̶ҡҡͷɫһĻص
Ļ̶ǻһַûпܽ˺ǰ׼һ𡣡üͷһ󣬺Ȼһ䡣
Ŷĸ˼ǡ̶һգ˼һ䡣
̶ҲʲôˡҺ㸸׻干ͬһЩĻһ˵СӶĵġºйأĸһ䡣ǽ˻ԸģһͭȣĿоâһʵ
Ŷĸ͸״˴дΪ飬ڲܻشĸ͸״ˣȼ䱾˺󣬲жϵġ̶⻰Ȼûжŭ˼˼Ƭ̺Ļص
ǺǣȻ顣ͷ̶ȼһ´ˣڷȻ㸸׺Ͷ̸ɡһ͵ģͲͷ¶ˡһ̶ûһڻؾϲ¶һ˿Цݵ˵


167 
ͻȻ⴫һŲ󣬵һգʱȫһսڣͬʱһ䣺˭棿
үʱѾˡҪūȥҪЩԵ⴫һСŮ찲źŮһ
ˣ⼸첻Ҫʳ÷ˡ˼˵
ŸշùٹȵȻİ֮ʳöġ
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±ĿһСٴδ˺εĽŲͬʱһİöŮһСð̶ܹһ
ԭǰС㣬ɡһ⻰ɫһ۾˵
һƶ߽һ̬֮ĽŮӡ
ŮһɫȹĿһɨ󣬺ȻһЦ˵ֹȻʹм󣬹ֲùشūţȻͻõѶСܵĲμӿ䡣
ȻûۼܣС֮Զ벻ġ⸱òԼģû˿֮ġҰСĴҿǴӹشǿٵġ˫ĿһеĴ˴ŮһۺŲŲæ´΢΢һֵ˵
УҲԴŮΪľޡ
Ŷ⵹ּЦˡǰ׼ֻСŮһͽʱȻòһЩͷ¶ġ̶ԣֳ֮ɫ˵
𣬰СǲϲĻȫٲͼ飬ͽݣ׼һǿ㲻ɣˣһÿɷӡ
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׵ѣѿ֪֮Ż¸Ҵ˶鷳𣡾Ϊ׼ֻҽ˵ôȴҵһԭˣҲò뿪ţʱܿԷһʱġһĻص
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ĳʲôϵҺո˵ˣӴң׼ǰ׼ңǸɵġҲѵҪΣ֮£ҶҪһһġһۣޱ˵
̶ˣмˡ
ȻΪߣҲһͽһòʹڵͽҲС֮ˣһЩеӶвΪʮֳԵġû뵽ǰǰܵܵ꣬ȴ֮ɫ޶ԣ·һʯĳһ㡣
ֶ使ݸӵӣð̶һת£ʶһ
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ţ¹شɣԵƬ̣ȥҸҶһˣ̸Σ̶ɫ˵
ðɣĳ˵ɡüһһνӡ
̶΢΢һЦ󣬾ʹ˵ĸ뿪ˡ
һٷŲٴ󣬰̶ʹŰ׼ҼͰ϶ǰ
ӣĳĺܣڲ֪һԭ鷳ԹҲǺ顣ܣǶóΪǰ׼ҵ֮׼Ҽһ̬ŵļͣĴֳԱ߰׼϶һԸ˵
׼϶Ժ̽һ׵˫ϡ
ǰѾ˵ҺͰ׼ǰǳ˽ˣ޹»Բð׼ҵĶ׵˵׼Ҵһʽף˵ɡɨһۣһֵ˵
׼ҼˣЦ΢΢һ׼϶ɫȴЩ̫ÿˡ
ǰ̶Ŀһ£Цһ˵ף˵ֲϲȦӵģ㻹ǽֱɣҲ˵ֶǰ׼ӡһЩġ
Ǻǣ⵹ЩʧɡȻĳ̹Ȼֱ˵ǰСŮѾǰ׼ڲ˵Ĵ˵һЩɣǰ׼һϣȻڻð״֣ȲҪŻָԼΪۣǰظ׼һݺ񵥣ӿǷ⣡ǿһЦ˵󣬾ʹӻȡһֽƬ˫ֵ˹ȥ


168 ɷ
ûĵһӣĿɿɨ˼ۣȻ΢΢һЦ˵ǰ׼ҵĽЩȫҲǧʯѡΪΪʯὫ鷳𣿡
ĳ֪ЩԴҲһЩǰ׼ҵ̵ȷ޷ᲢۣһʱҲֻܴյġ׼ҿԴӦӣԴֻҪϰ꣬ǰ׾ͿٲͬһݡһȻ˵
ʲô磬ôУԱߵİ϶һ⻰ʱ
ǰ׼ұסڵĵλٶԴкõġ׼Ҽȴһֵ˵
ԲֻĻ»û˽ȤδȰ׼ֵʲôҡҡͷ˵
һ⻰׼ֵܶɫһˡ
֣ǲЩ̫ˡԴĻ½ӽʯˡǰ׼Ҳֻǽͷһöѣ㲢ûʲôʵʧġ̶ԱҲˡ
ֻǽһ£ʯԴȻ㹻ˡҿɲŰ׼ڽ鷳ʱ򣬲ὫǣġϾӦʽףȻҪǡ״졯ҪԸ׼ҵĻµһȶԸĻҡܷſֶԸ׼ҵġɲǿ˵˵򵥵ġˣ˵
׼ҼͰ׼϶һ˵ˡ
ֵȻҲ֪ģڱֱӽ˵Ȼ֮ɫˡ
̶Ȼû˵ʲôҲɫ粻
ȴȻվԭƾ˰˼š
̶㡭
ˣ壬֪˼ģûõġ
׼϶˰̶һۺ󣬸뿪˵ЩɫôȴŮһڴˡ
ԣô֪ӲԸġ϶૵˵
ˣȻɫ糣Ҳһ
ðɣѣǰЩԴ⣬ټأСǿί޻Ըǰ׼Ҷɹѹء̶̾һʮһ䡣
׵˵Ц˰ɡסˡ
Ұ̶Ȼֻһͽڰ׼һ˵һġֻҪȢңȻԸ޵ġ̶һЦ󣬲Ųæ˵
׹Ĺɫ㣬ֻҪӶѾܾġĳѾר֮ϣгһܽʦڲûҪ˫ްµ˼һºٿ˿̶֮Ƭ̣¶һ˿ź֮ɫ˵
˵̶һЦĲû˵ʲô
һԵİ׼ҼͰ϶ȴԼͬĴʧ˿ȴҲʵҲʲôܴǰˡ
ΣҲٵȥе˵ǰ׼ֻó⻰ҾͲˡĳҪȸˡ
һ˵˻̶΢΢һȭһȥˡ
׼ֵܼˣɫɵĴ䡣
̶Ҳüһ
ʱȻһɳƵ̾һȷѽӼڰ׼СˡӼȻĻ־ɾʦ֮ܣһҲġ
䣬ӰһΣһͭȵĳ
ĸס
ĸ
׼ֵܺͰ̶ˣ׷ǰ
ԭǰϷˡϷ㳤ʱ䣬ԭΪ㲻ġȴ֣һֵ˵
ԭ֪ˡӲΪʮˣһűһʩչһͽ޷ֵġԣһ˿֮ɫ
һЦûٽӿʲô
ڲѷɫʦĿֲıܶӦ֮ġ
ȥһ£Ҫ̸һ¡ˣȻ׷ʲô׼ֵܺͰ̶һԸġ
ǣĸ״ˡ׼ֵæӦһ
ĸҲ𣿡̶ȴЩɻһ䡣
Һ˵飬Ҳкģǲĺáԥһº󣬻˵
̶ȻЩֻ֣ܴӦһҲ˳ȥ
ҲһϺתۼֻʣͰϷ˶˶ˡ
Ϸˣʲôڿ˵˰ɡ˵
Ӻα̫ļˡȿ˵ɡ΢΢һЦȻһɫˮƿǲ֮ɫһۺ󣬾͵ݸ
Ҳƿ϶ʲôֽţӹֻһκ󣬾ͽһĿһɨȥȴһʧˡ
ɷ֮ǰ׸ȻдҲδ̫һЩֻһݵ֮һɡһˡ
ǺǣӹȻʶ㡣ƿ֮ﲻɷ֮һɷ֮ĸɷǰ׼еõģҲֻõ֮һص˵
ǸɷĻȷʮϡֻ֮һĻкõġСƿһ󣬲üͷһʵ
һӷġһĸɷֻԤȡŹ֮ˣֻҪԸⱣǰ׼ҽ꣬Ը⽫׼õɷǴɷӵصʵġԣɷȻСƫƧʣɷһݾԴ´ġŲæ˵
ߣȺôǰ׼ͽɷȫȡˣڣһתȴһ˵
һ㣬ӾͲ֪ˡɷӵص㲻ңطʮաִɷӵλ׼ҲһͽвŴﲢð˼ղȡɷ֮ġǰ׼ȻҲͽȥȡʣɷɷӶδͷ׷;ձˡҲˣһʱİ׼ңΪͽƲ֮£һ˥ģĻȥɷˡҲǰ׼ˡЦһ˵
ǵطʮΣˡϷ˵˼ǡĿ΢ʵ
ܼ򵥡ֻҪӴӦǰ׼֮һ̽ɷ֮ӵͼ˫ַϡȻ˵ɷӸʮգȥҲܱ֤ȫ˵ġʽȫɹԼˣǰ׼ҲȷòˡȻֻҪӴӦǰҺӦԴͬһġɵ˵
ٺ٣աֻҪȡɷλ׼ȷǺͽȻҲηġãʽҴӦֻǰ״꣬һ춼С˿еɫСƿ󣬺ȻЦһ˵
꣬Ҳǿǰ׼һҼվסˡУ˵ˡһ˼󣬾һҧĴӦһΡĿ
һϾ׹ȻһЦͬһֻƵһġ


169 
պٴȻ뿪˰׼ңһ߳ˮǺ󣬵гһƣڿĳһɶˡ
˻飬ȻҲ׼ˣҲǽ׵һ֡
ʹߣûȤȥҲԸٶ˷ʲôʱ档
ϾҪġ
߰뿪˷쿤ʹ䲻
º󣬴һٵϣʮڼʿǰš
Щڼʿÿһ˶ʽ£ǹ䵶ɱڵӣǴպĺڻ
һ˼ʿͷϲһöɫӧһŵɫ޹ȴǺڻƿһľξ
Ȼչ涨һҲʮңǺڻһפҪ֮רΪ͢ظؾ񶯾ʹһͨξҲƷĹְˡ
ЩڻͬξȫֻΪ⼸ɼ˿϶Ǹˡ
ˣɫˣǻҸطŰɣץЩ·Ӧöܸϵˡǰһ׳ģʿȻһ׵ξǰ˵
ţȻ֪¡վҲʮԶġȴ˿ȥǰ̽̽ɸʺŵĵطξصϴһűĺɫףݷֺġ
ǡţСǸȥǰ̽һ¡׳̴Ӧһʿкһ
ʱʿһ˿ӱ£ǰ汼ȥˡ
žξɳʲô𣿡ǰһУȻһԵŮ
ӷ˲õģֻüȥǰһ֮ѡźɫ׵ľξԣһת׵Ļص
Ŷû¾Сһ·϶žξһ·ͣȵһҪسлһġŮƺһʮָм˵
л⣬ҵҲǷ˶ͳ֮ˣξ΢΢һƺԸĶ˵ʲô
ŮЦһͬҲտڲˡ
Ӽǰһңǰٴһȴ׳۶
һǰһķŻٶȡ
ξˣĹٵԷһţСѾʰˡ׳һξǰ˵
ܺã·ȥЪϢһɡξԣ˼˵
ǳӵӿ˼֣׳뿪ҲʼСܶˡ
һӺ󣬳ڼʿӵٵԶһǰ
ƥڻ⣬ȴһС͵ĺɫͷ໨ӱ˩һơľ׮ϣڵװĿŸҰݡ
ڻԼ˵
ʲô£žξˣһԱ׳һ
ξҵҵ֮ʱѾ·ڴˡѾʹˡȥͶ׵ģһ޸֮һֻһŮѡ׳æǰһĻص
¹شȿ˵žξƺԲ̫ģ˵һ󣬾дȥˡ
ֻѾȼһһСѡ
дЩһһʿСЩѸȴһɫ۵һ߰ģŮͯ
ŮͯȻò㣬һƼģӶϣƺʮӡ
ʮ߰ӣʮƽȴһ֪鼮ŻĿŽζӡ
Եʿһžξ˽ʱһվæʩ
ˡ
ʲô֣·Ҫȥģžξһ֣ȴ˿ۺʵ
ԭǾүǬֶŮȥͶ׵ġ·үԺ򡭡һžξʣƺѹʶĻش𼸾󣬾һͳһͰֽ˹
һʿæǰֽӹתٵݸ˶žξ
žξֻǿֽۣ͵ͷĽٽʿٻԼһԲת߳
Ƭʱʱ˻˺֮һֳʮʿʼɿĽɨһ£ֲ֪Ӻδľ˼
ʱһ߽һʮ޸һһ߰ģͯȴһִֽŵ͸һʮѾߡ
޸˺ͯһ߽У͸̾ͽбһѩƤһ̿ŵͰľʣø˺ͯ档Ѿóһƴ¯һһȼ
һɵ̴֮
ʿǶžξ߽УȻһº󣬳վŴ⣬˴󶼿ʼױдһһȡ£ҲúϢһµӡ
žξһȡͷߺϼº󣬾һ޳ӢòŮӡ
ֻǴŮͷһɫ˺ۣƻò֣ͬʱϱ쳣˿Цݲһŵɫ߹һͲɫʸһź󣬾޸˺ͯ洦ŻѳĬˡ
ʱʿȴʼȡһЩŰʳͬĽʳ
ڻΪľʿȻȫѵصӡ
޸Ǳߣ͸ѾȥһˣȡһȡһЩˣ޸˺ͯʳá
žξﷹ˺ܶ࣬ҲһͬʳһЩɡ޸óһ龫¸ιͯںĿһɨڶ治ӢͦŮһۣȻһЦ˵
лӷ˺⣬ѧһЩٹ֮ղʳҲ޴󰭵ġӢͦŮӿ޸һۺ󣬾Įҡҡͷ
ԭˣͲǿξˡ޸˼ˣҲûжŭֻ΢΢һЦļͯιʳ
ֻͯٳ˼ں󣬾ҡͷĲٳˣһתЩĳһ߻ѴŮͯһȥ
ֻŮͯв֪ʱҲһ鿾ڽͷһڿҧţ֮š
Щҭˡ鼮ţĿһƳĿŮͯʵģ΢΢һЦ˵ֱһӻһЩȵƤݸŮͯ
л硱
ŮͯʮֹɵĽӹƤСеڣСЦ֮ɫ
Ƥȴһɵ㣬ΪԶԶû̴֮ǰŨԵûм˷ֵġȰͯʳ޸ˣȴŵ֮˲䣬ɫ΢΢һмɻ֮ɫŮͯƤһȥ
λһƤСλӷĿº󣬾һĳ˵Щʲô
ʱͻȻ⴫һ̶ļƿһ죬վļڻһҽк󣬾ͱʮӺɫҹĻмļʸҪķ׷׷Ե
һ£Ϣĺڻһң˲ôϼµȽԱз׷һץ֣䱸̬
Щ˸ǲ֪Ӻδ˼źƤܣӰһһεľ͵ӷ˺ͯǰǻ˸ʵʵ


170 мս
һߵĻѴƺҲⳡ侪ˣȻл鱾ȴˡ
ԱŮͯȴӲСֻСȻץ½һ˫۾ȴĶںڻٶ˿֮ɫ
ӢŮһֵ˲䣬ȻһԲž޹ȴһץУͬʱ˲ʸȻޱĶ⡣
˿̳ǰͻأļʸ⣬⾲δκӰ֡
ŮӼˣü𣬺Ȼо޹һ͡һ죬ɫʸһģݶһŵĶ
ҽзһµµߺʬһ´ӵ䵽ǰ
ʱӵͲһץо޹һζ󣬺Ȼöʸ
һεĿ꣬ȴĳǽˡ
ʸһŵûǽкҽд
ã﹭ЩɱȥǶˡһܻһǽں
Ůһ˻Ŀкһ޹һζɫʸΪһߵļ
һΣʸǽһûȴȻˡļ죬ʲôĶһˡ
֮䡱䡱죬ǽھȻѶȱڴһɱ䱸̬ĺڻսһ
Ůһȴûٶþ޹ɱУǿöʸĿһת俴⴦
ٺ٣˵ϺڻһŮξɱʿ벻վȻܹһͲ֪ܹκǼֵ𣿡һЦӰһκϢĴӺɫһ߶ҡڵŴ
ɷĺ´󺺡
ŮӼˣɫԽ䣬о޹һԱ߼Ͳмʸеķ׷׵ĺɫʸļ
˿ͷ󣬵һʸҲһ׷׵һΣиԶһɫƤܣͬʱ浭׹һȻͽ׷
һ̣ʰıȻ
Ȼֻǵͽʿʸ£Ҳеܾ𲻶ϣβȥˡ
־ŭ£ȴһʱ޷Է
ȻԷһЩͷܾŮҲֻһͨ˶ѣû뵽ڷÿƺ£ȻᱻԷƵǱ
˿칥£Ů߼ʸתۼͽľ
ֻƤϾȻһᣬԷƺѾͣ˵ӣһϲ
ʱԺȴȻƿһ죬Ȼö糤ɫСһź󣬾Ͷ׶
ʿ£ʹ˵һغˡ
мսĺڻˣȻһ󻶺
ЩȻڶ֮࣬£ȴ׷¶֮ɫĴ·ˡ
ڻסӷ˼ˣȻϻЩףͬ¶һ˿Ц
ߣҪϷԳˡ
ʱһͻȻϷһ죬ݶȻѶʯٻΪ·λӷ˺ͯȫһС
Ǽֶܺڻ󾪣æ֮£;ٶһٶȥʯȫһ
ʱݶһ˼£ͬʱ弸ƹȰĸĳһȥ
顱顱Ǽڻͬһ𣬷׷ײҽеĵɳȥ
ӰȻڿһ־ӸµĳӷҲһƻ
ŮӼˣɫ״δ䣬о޹һҪ赲ȴˡ
ӷȻĿһ˿־֮ɫȴȻ§סͯԴ˹ܡ
䡱һ죡
Ӱһ󣬾һĵɳȥصŵż󣬲վסΣһ۵ӥߡ
˫ĿԲĿͻȻӷǰ֮ˣȻ֮ɫ
ͻȻֻ֮ˣȻӷԱ߿˵ֽŴִ󽡸
ʲôˣнʿݾȻԸ͸ˣͲ¶𣡡ӥߵͺһ˵
ߣнʿԸ˴̿ͣΪξͲʹˡڵĻ˵˺͹һëȴһɫ̲棬һĻص
ӥԣɫޱˣĿڳɨһۺ󣬺ȻЦ
ٺ٣Էȫ¶ˣҲˣǶ˰ɡ
ʲôǻˣɫʱһ
ӷĿͬһ˿Ļ̿ˡ
Ůԣȴͫ΢΢һ˫ֽסо޹ȴûöɫС
ԭͺĺڻڲβ£Ҳ׷׾ۼһֹͣ˺Щ˵
Щԭʹ·εҲֵֻ֣ͬǻΧסˡ
ʱǽҲһѴѳһ󶴣и߳һ
һ˿Ʋߣͷ­ޱȣϸС֮һʮ׶٪塣
һȴܣͿ۲죬룬ȴһвŮӡ
ɱ춾ǲΧ±ץ̲𣡡һ³ˣŵɫ
ٺ٣ͨЩܹģ׾ٵ顣вŮ֮˺ٺһ󣬼ɤӵĻشһ
ϴǷϻʲôȻˣÿһ˶ٻ뿪ˡɰСһҵģ˭ҲܺУҲ̲סˣұȺú۰һ˵٪ĿӷͯŮͯһۺɫһ˵֮ȻһΪһӰĳ岻ԶŮͯһ˶ȥ
䶯֮죬ֻһ͵Ůͯǰָһ£ҪŮͯһ˫һڶ¡
ȣ鷳鷳ƫƫġ⻹Ǻֵ飡ŮͯԱ߿;˵Σ̾һ˵ֱƺһ
顱һ
٪һҽзξȻԱʱٶȵһ󣬽ʵʵҵѾȱȫǽϣΪһ⽴Ļ£һɹѪˮпӿȴκˡ
һĻ˶סˡ
㡭ʲôˣ֪ʲôµģӥڻŭӵ˵
ʲô˰£һ㶼֪ԣҲ԰ĵȥˡбƳӥһۺ󣬵˵һ䣬ٵһಡһһһš
һ̣ӥֻһͷ­͹µµĹˣͷ˻κ󣬾ͨ͡һķԵ
ʱ߸ߵѪŴʬ岱
ͽͽʣµѲŮ֮һΣȴһ´󾪵ļгһͻΪһźӰӡ


171 Ǭ
һΣȴƿһɫС̶һǰ
ȴǶŮͻȻ޹С
ǲвŮʿŭȻ˻ڿУȴȻһһ߰Ĵеһ趯󣬾ͻΪӰĳöСȥ
䡱һ
öСһӰе˲䣬һ±Ѷһ·ɳɫҺ塣
вŮʿȻҲḻͻҲʤǺɫҺ彽˸嶼ǡ
һ䵽ϣæһֻһᣬʱŵһȳ֮ζ󣬲ŭӵļһ㵽ڼвʲô
ˣԼͻ֪ˡҲһ˶˵ϻġŮȴо޹һŶ£ޱ˵һ䡣
ҲҪɱ㡣вŮʿһҽк󣬻ۿɼٶȷɿÿٷһУȻһŮӺݺһͶȥ
ֻһΪһƿյŮͷݺһն¡
ŮһȻҲû뵽ԷдֶΣֻεȻо޹һ뽫һˡ
ǴŮȻ̫Сһнʿһˣо޹ȻҲǷﵫͷᲢ۵ġ
ֻ顱һ󣬾޹ƴִҵһնϣһ󣬾ҪŮһնƬˡ
ʱಡһһһһţݺն˺ϡ
һ
⻯Ϊɢ𣬺ȴһµɳȥٻԭһĵˡ
Ů΢΢һһתһۡ
ֻһֻֻ£Ȼղȵġ
Ůһת£˵ͷûглʲôڻһͺȣǻʲô콫Щͽȫ£
ڻԭҲղŽ龪Ŀɿڴһ⻰ŻȻһĳЩһ˶ȥԱǰ֪˶ٱ
֮෴ǣЩΪʿȫһ󣬷׷״ŵĿʼˣЩ˸Ǻԥתӡ
һսС˱˵󲿷˻֮ززˡ
ڴ˹̣ŮӺȴʼմӷ˺ͯߣûٳֵ˼ȻǵϮ֮л֡
ֵȻǶˡ
ڻһ߲ĺһʱδ
ˣһĿһۺ󣬾ͻȻ޸˶˵ʲô
ӷĿһ󣬵˵ͷһͯڽͬ˹
ǶŮָӺڻʼֳʼ׽ĺ
лʦղȣȮӿҪڽˡӷһߵǰһĳϿ˵
ҪǵѸղų֣Ҽҷ޷ŻصˡҲһ˵
лңҸղųֿɲΪ˾ˣֻЩȶҳְˡһľŪǰ£ĵĻص̬ǰȻͬˡ
ʦ˵ЦˣҵΪʦܱסģǺʵġ֪ʦմҲҪȥģӷȻһЦʵ
ֻһͽѣɲҳʲôʦǿԳƺһǬҵȷҪȥЩġ˵
ԭǬӣҲС֮ˣֻһЩСˣŻڹ;α˴ɱԸ⻤ͬеĻȻصضлġӷмֿ֮ɫ˵
ǣûȤεֻΪֶŮѰһζβҩѣ͵ʲôǷȥġԣ붼һڻؾ
⻰ȻӷЦΪ֮΢΢һˡ
ԱȻɫ˵ǬΪѰҩĻҼҷܰæġ֪Ҽҷ๫İӶӾרչҩĵĵ̣ʹҲзֵġʹҪ֮ڰҲҼҷҲɰϵһЩ̣ͬ԰Ѱġ
ŶͷһһģǰӶң⻰ɫһ´ӷۣ·жϽǼ١
ֻҪϻҺȮӰȫصҪǺҩѰġ˴ʱӷҲһҧĳŵ
ĻáҾһΣ˵ˣǵ޷ʵִԵĻɱǬĳˡһڵһͷ
ǺǣѾܷġֻҪѰЩеһҩûġæЦ˵
ߣҩֵģֻʮټӺõĵŲҵġƺ˽˼һ˵
͸ûˡˣֶ֪Ů˺βҲҽΪͨҪҪæһһɣ˿ԱƼݵŮ̲ͯס˵һ䡣
ˡ澫ͨҽĻȽ˹֮ɡҡҡͷȻص
ʲôжˣ
ܣҶжġ
ӷԣͬʱʧ
ٺ٣λŵĻԼһµġüȻжһϵġͯһۣ赭дĻص
˵϶ӷ˺ͽһۺ󣬲ɵ˼֡
ӷæ˵һĻ󣬾ͺͽͯæȥˡ
ǳѾ߷Ը߷ɿܳš
Ƭ̺Ѿ߾ͱһĹҵİ˽
һѽסһҺ󣬾ҳһŷ
ӷ˹ĿУһŷͯһĶȥֽö첲Ϸɿȥ
磬ж𣿡
ʱһֱŵŮ̲ͯסһ䡣
ţȷжˡһһֺ鷳涾Ҫң˵˶ǰϦǶҲ޷ִµġ΢΢һЦĻصͬʱϧŮͯͷһ¡
ƶʮ߰Ȼɵġ
Ůͯȴ뿪쿤ȥһĳСУҵǬΨһˣҲǬŮ
׵ϣλ伸ʦ븸Ǭ壬ǰΨһԸϣлĻԼտһ
뿪׵һ׷ɱִԤϵİ³ΪһͽֱڲŵʱȥǬһˣѰ˵ġ
һѰٺȴǬ屻ץ׵ǰΨһӣȻѾɼҵˣǰһУȫȥˣֻһǬŮ
һûиĸߵĴŮȻϵ岮װռмҲú󻹱ϳ˼ţֻΪһС


172 ζ
ڳĳľҵŮͯʱ򣬴ŮزһһϢģˡ
ҪǸмؤչһǬŮҪСС͵ֶȥˡ
֮£Ȼ㾡ȫԾΣȴִŮ֮ϼټһֲֹ᲻ͣѪ·첡һġ
׵һЩѧҽ֢ƫЯҩҲʱŤת䲡֢ǿά䲻ٶ񻯣Ҫ׸εĻȴҪһּҩС
ǬתһЩҹЩռǬӼҲ岮ǼиԷһѻ𣬽ǼҲȫ˸⣬ָЩչŮͯؤһЩ֮󣬾ʹŮͯ뿪磬ֱġ
ҪҩȻټ֮󣬶뻹ϣҵġ
ҲûжˣҲݲεˡ
ڹ;УͶǧ潫ԼΪģͬʱ׹£ҲǰͰ֣Ըߴͨһ޶ˡ
ڵκǬĹֲΰŵ⣬ȴԺٿǵ⡣
ʱ䣬Ů±ˡ
ǬԴزоȳҲһ¶λ³ֵġ硱ֵ쳣ʼ˯ʱһֻץ½󣬲ܰ˯һµڶ硱ٽĿģ
ȻλǬйϵŮͯҲϧ쳣;жһЩСҪҲӦʱʩչһЩ򵥷һ·ϡЦϡ
ΪչǬ壬ȻڿڿֱӷУڳʱһԸϳŮͯһ·ġ
Ҳû뵽ۿԶʱ󣬾ȻʱҹУ׷·ŵĺڻһɱϷĿ
һʼ˵٪ͻȻǬ¶֣ĳġ
Ͼ飬һǣǷС
û£ֱǰ¶Լͽݵġ
ȻڵĻȻֲͬˡ
ȻѾˣʹɴλӷֱһɢݻ뵽С
֪ÿֵɢ޲һҲעġ
ͯ涾ȻҲʲôüǿֱһɨͯ壬ŷ쳣ġ
Ϊ˱Լشһ˵ġ
ʱ򣬽Ѿͯ첲һ°γһֻ°һƬ
ӷһ¾
æʣ༸ŷȫͯϡ
һյ蹤󣬽ٰγһ룬ɫȻʺɫѿ֮ˡ
ӷȴ֮̿ɫˣͽɿ콻̸ҲȡһСƿеһű̵ҩĸͯ¡
Ƭʱ䣬γҲںɫ󣬴˶ŮĴ
ٵ̸󣬾ͯ˹
ǬȮӵȷ涾ҺͺɩѾˣȴ޷˶ܿ˶϶ҲܽɣȮһӷһߵǰһͯľҪݡ
ˣüͷһ壬ֻһһǱһӿ
µӷ˵ֻǰһУҲ޷ȥˡ
˲ض񡣴˶ȻʱҲᷢġȻܽ⣬Ҳһ֮飬ôѨѪ֮һγġϾѾжˣŲæ˵
ûϵֻҪܼЧ໨ЩʱʲôɷھͿʼζӷԴϲ˼˵
ҪĻҾһ԰ɡʩչֶʱϲ˹ۿ˺ҪȻرһˡĿɨͯһۺƽ˵һ䡣
رܣҪҵλرܣûо̫⣬Сĵһ䡣
ţҲ赽ȥҿֱʩǵġһ󣬾һЦ˵ٴһһɺϼһһûͯڲӰ
ԭ۾ͯʱһķ˹ȥŸһ£ͱһһƮ˵ͿС
һĻԲӷˣһϵ֮ɫһֵĸ˵ЩʲôȴԱߺɩȻһӣŶȻĿлһ˵Ȼ鷳ǬʩˣȺˡ
ͷתŮͯ󣬾͵һУͯ䴦һɶȥ
һκҲȰŵһһɹɺһðٹһ󣬾ͻΪһƬĽԲһȫڵסˡ
һӷ˺ͺɩ֮£ҲֻԭʵʵȺ
ʱŮ˷²˹ӷˣѾʹˡЩ˶ֻǸĳɽկĽٷˣǰűǼʿΪ£вȹǵġ֪˭ǼʿҲһ֪ġŮӷ˵
žξⲻ֡ǰӾô϶֣ǻ˭˹Ըǵġֻһû뵽ǾȻ˽طŻ֣ǰЩὫֵǰɻȥˡӷԣĿɫһҧгݵ˵
Ȼ²ҲˣΪ˷ֹ⣬Ҳ˷ֳˡԷʲôⷢŮԣһ˼Ļص
УһжԡҲһҹˣҲЩϢɡӷȻ˼˰ӰζϣԻ¶Цݵ˵
ŮӵͷĿ䴦һۺ󣬾ĬĬ߻ػٴˡ
һӺһԭŨŨĺһʧˡ
˫ͯһ˿ƣ֮ɫĳ
ڸϣһ̲ɫѪɢŵζ֮Ż
ǬȮӷ˼æ˹ȥͯӹȥ󣬼仹ǻ˯ѣĵʵ
ģѾγ䲿ֶԣڶԶûбĿˡ΢΢һЦ˵
ɩҲ˹ȥһСͯ첲һ壬һκ󣬺Ȼ⴦ֻһ㵭󣬲һ
ӷ˼ˣҲͬмĳ˵
ǶܴЩ̿ͣȮӿҲһغġȵǷҩ⣬һᱸлġ
ˣֶŮѧҩһҪЩֲеġӷѪ֮Щ飬󲻷ʳһЩ֮Ȼһβ̫ࡣԷ鲻ܲˡְζÿ춼ҪһΣһº󣬲ܳװγɾġҡҡͷ󣬵˵
Уġһص̾ͷԸưѰζҩֻȮԺζ飬Ҫٶֵġӷ˲˼˵


173 뾩
һΣֻǵͷٶ˵ʲôˡ
ӷ˺ͺɩͯصԭȻѴʼ׼һЩ֮õͯ͸á
ڶһ磬һɺɫʿٴӵżǰֻжһСԵЩӡ
ЩڻһսҲ߰սҲʬϾֱӻ𻯵ˣ֮ͿĨЩҩ´Ͽ׺󣬳ɫ΢԰Щ󣬴浹Ҳʲô쳣
Ů޹Ҳ»һңٴδ׵ĸӷԱߡ
һڹٵԽԽԶܿͽ׵Ӱˡ

һøûʵĴУһţƲʮĽˣոտһ⴫ţȻɫһӡ
дȻ˽طɱҷ˺Ͱӣ浱Ǯ̥ɡˣһȡ
кηԸ
߽һĴ󺺣һ͹һʵ
ɰֵٳһˣԻ⣬ȥүһˣ˵¹Ӱһãһ顣Ӳ˼ķԸ
ǣȥ졣̴ӦȻ󹧾ĵ˳ȥ
ߣǮһӣ˭붯ҶŹġšߡһ䡣
ͬʱһ쳣Уһ޳еĴӣҲͬıš
ȫһнʿһ֣Ȼûе֣˼ȫһѶ˵ˡʿүò״һõģȫˣһͷ˽ġҹԽԶԽã
߳ߣϷ֮࣬öӹĹķ·һֻƤһˣ˿ȴ˫ĿԲǰһƹܼģӸ˸Ѫͷ
ܼģֵ̿Ĳҷֱֺһ仰ʱһɣͷܵ˳ҡ
֣Ҳ̫һЩ֮˷ȴ֮ȥιȥˡнУȻһģӰһϡ
ߣܼҸҲһЩʱˣҺҷЩԶ׹ϵȻΰ²ҲϼӳʹġƽϢһؿڵĴ󣬲мε˵
ôȻʵġҵɱȫУ治̫һ˵ġģӰ̾һĻص
⻰˻УαӦĳˡʿȻѵãǱȴֻͨˡҪʵĻ׾ٵ顣ֻҪҶ˵ûĳȻġԣȴһ۵˵
֮ЩʹĴӻһĹҵĲһ׶ȥ
ٺ٣Ҿֲֳ֪СġУ¾ͽˡҲСһˡγҲ㳹׺Ͱ˺ˣǼһͬСģºܿܲ鵽ġģӰһѽסһ󣬾¶֮ɫ˵
˵ȻҲ֪µģͲ֪ٴˣֻҪһղ뿪ѵɡӺ˵
УУȻˡģӰӵͷ˵ŵһһκ󣬾ȻֱûǽвӰ
˾ȻҲһͽ
ģӰ뿪ⲽȦ󣬺Ȼһѽһ豭ץסһˤ飬ͬʱк޺޵һ䣺Ǯǰҵ裬ҾġˣһΣӰǾʧֵġ

ڳӳһľ޴ǰʮɸߵľ޴ϷȻӡͿĨġ֡
飬ų֮Զһ˴·Ѹ󷽻۶
ڳŴȴнٰ׼ʿֱվţһһǵĳӡ
ڳϷߴǽϣԼɼʿֱֳУһ߾ɳľԼɼһִ֮棬ǰȫ溮â·𲢲ͨǰ򵥡
ȻԶ˫Ŀһ£Ȼǽϵľģ˸
ЩҲˣӴһЩЩȴӡһЩɫ棬ȫһЩԵķ
ˣвΪȻˡ
Ŀ֮ͺֹʮˣͬʱһϵĻºͽҲֻеķݶ
ڳŵЩżʿУһӦ£ͷмҲʿϢɢ
Ϊǣƽ䱸ɭϣʵһͽҲֻʵʵϾҴġ
˼ʱһɺڻӵ£Ӿ͵˳Ŵ
ʱŮһ͵˳ǰһö̲ʿһף˵һ䣺Ϻڻͳ֮ػ͹˻ؾƿ𣿡
ԭǺڻľξˣҲûǾˡһ̲׼֮ʿƼ󣬽һ׶أĻص
һһӿ˳С
ʱѾĳլԺУǬߵһСЩϡ
мλϣŽˣм֮ɫĳ˵Ǯĳ˺ȮܰȻؾʵڶǬԮ֮ģҪҵζݣѾлȥв鿴ȥˣеĻ̾͸͹ġ
ţ˳ҵݵĻȻòˡֶŮȻҿסˣͬ޷̫õġͷɫ˵
˱ݣǮһлǬġϾ֮ҲȫǬֺܷͻġӷ洦ҲһЦ˵
ţȻ֪ǬΪͽһ㷲϶ϵġɣٹһ£ǰӾһᣬʱпκһĻ۸٣ǮĳֻհΣ֮Ҫ鷳γˡǮһ󣬾Ͳ˼˵
ǬĳȻִˣȻûа;ϵĵǮģֻ֮ҪγΣ޴ˡͷÿɷĻص
ԣȻһϲл
ˣԣνΪֶŮ⣬Ͷ׵ġ֮˵Ļ²̫׵ġסҸΡǮȻƲʲôլԺֶŮǴ´ġӻһתַǳĵ˵
ס󸮣ҲãǬĳȴһʱˡĿ΢΢һ󣬵ûпĴӦ
ԣԵøӸˣٺ˼󣬾ͷԸһ͸ŮͯȥרŰŹ͵᷿ȥˡ
ˣ㵽˵ģϸϸ˵һ顣Ӱܿܿʧ󣬽ЦݲΪ֮һϼ֮ɫĳӷʵ


174 
ôʲôλǬʲô𣿡ӷԣȻһ
⵹ǡ˳ʱ̫ɺһЩǰӶ֮Ϊ򲻵òСһġҡҡͷ˵
ԭˡĻǬӦûдġϾǰӵĶͷģͽ˭ǶֵģֻҪȫ£޿κεġҷ˶һɢ޵ĻȴýΪģҲǰʵһֵġϾȻҲвͽݷֵˣʵ̫ǿġӷЦһ˵
ţ٣ٶ۲һġߣȥˣҲӦˡһ˿֮ɫȻͯ
Ͽǰҽ֮ˣȽ˶ĻȻǸòˡӷԣͷ
Ƕ˵תԱһƫ߳լԺȥˡ
Ƭ̹󣬶˾ͳһ쳣ľУ˵ҩ֮
ǽǮͯһŴϣẨ˯ţԱȴһüĿߣ˼ʲô
ɩһ֮ɫҲվС
ϣ֮ôûд󰭰ɣһߣ־ɫʵ
Ǯĺܣ֮ǳ֣Ϸġվҡҡͷ˵
ʲôôܡҽ֮Žǰʮ֮еġԴˡ
ҪҽʻЩµġǽⶾҽ飬涾ȡһϷҲ޷ĶҲǺϡ顣ǰˣڶƺű˷ųһЩֻҪַͬŶĻӦҲ޴󰭵ġһ˻ص
Ļûˡǰʩչζ֮ھǮһУȮԺĵ֮ṫྡһˡӷ˺֮ԣһ˵
ŶġϷȻȻһ鲻ġͷҾͿһЩĵӡˣǰԣǽⶾ֮ҲһͽɷϷһġҶֽⶾ֮ʮָȤܷ佻ҽһġ΢΢һЦ˵
ȻûģɩȴϼһǬɡͬһɵķԸһ
ǡ
ɩȻһڵĴӦһ
ȸӿ·ӣȥݷλǬҲٵġԣŲæ˵žߵһ£ϱͲгһëʡ
ɩæ˹ȥһŰֽɿĥ

ڿƿ᷿ת˼Ȧ󣬺Ȼͳɫ죬һһϸĲ嵽и䴦Ȼٵһ
һ󣬾ͻΪһɹƾԭʧˡ
ˣϲ¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ȼݷʱ򣬻ʯ跨Ҳֻм򵥸Ϻ;书ܣʱסȴǲѡ
һͲõ͵̸طʩ԰ˡ
վԱߵǬȻֹһμʩչһĻ˺˫ĿСһʱ޷ˡ
磬ʲôҲǰ˵ķ𣿡ŮͯҲ̲סֱ
ɲǷǷˡԣһЦĽͼ䡣
ѾڼǬ壬ͬȻ޷жƷΣ;оͽԪڸˡ
ŮڼʩչһЩȻҲĽζʶһЩйؼ򵥶ҲûŮͯ˼
Ǭ֣ԴȤ׷ϸѯ
һЩȻޱȣҲһʱЦĲ֪λشźá
ʱȻ⴫һǬѣС϶ɽ֪ɷһ𣿡
ԭͬˣѣɡ
һ⻰Ŀ΢΢һһԥ󣬾һڴӦǰһƶˡ
ֻȻվϺͺɩˡ
Ǭǰ䣬ҲһͽݷһġɩΣɿĽһ¡
ԭˡ³ҲཻЩͬġһЦһ࣬һơ
û뵽ǬᣬǳϷ֮⣬С϶ͲˡһᣬĿвһ˿֮ɫɫ糣˵
һʹҡڵ߽᷿
ɩһ󣬾ʹ˵ĸ뿪ˡ
λֶŮɣȻвġϷҲĶЩҽѲĻµ԰æһġһУȻһ۾Ϳ֮ɫǬһת˵
ŶǿϳֵĻȻ컯ˣָѰȻ֪ԷǺ˼ҲĶԷŮͯʲô⣬һ󣬾һڴӦ
ŮͯԣҲʮֹɵĳлһʵʵڸϡ
ϵһУһƾ󣬾ŮͯԱߣץסһ˫Ŀ΢еİ
ʱһĹȥɫȴ
֪˶úϲųһ˵ԭǴѪֺ֢Ҳõܽ޲Ƶˡ֪ǷҪѰǱҩõġ
ֹȻͬһ㣬ȻͲ³½֮ˡЩˡ
Ī֣ǰϷǬᣬԵҽͽⶾֶλЩ²ģȻ޻ˡС϶֮⣬Ͷҽ֪Ϊԣιϣܺ͵ѽһġȴһ֣Ϊ˵
Ǻǣֹˡҽȷ̫տֻǴһЩѧһЩ֢ƫѣǵѲĻȻûвʵĵԣǺһЦĻص
ȻϲͺһЩҽ
Ůͯʾ£ʵʵȥϢȥˡ
̸ֻһͷλϵȷҽǳ˵ãһЩԭƶͬҽ϶оϱͨ׶
һ£ĺͶԷҽ
λ϶ҽϵһЩؼóһЩƫݣͬϲ
һ̸Ȼǰ֮ã
ֱɫ֮ʱϲЩĸ뿪
һ󣬵ڶһʱ߾Цݵٴγǰ
ΣмˣҲֻǿļʹϽҽ
㣬һ졣
һգٽһЩҽȻʵ֣³ܻҪڴסһʱ䡣֪ڿɻȣʲôҪСע֮𣿡
һ⻰ɫ΢΢һ䣬һ˼󣬾ͻ˵ҺǬ͵ҲһʣҲ˵̫ࡣһ棬͵ĻǾ뿪ĺã


175 
ּȻԣ϶ҲԼԣѺ⣬СܻˡѰѾͷҩ⣬ʵЩ˽㴦һģʱ뿪²̫ʵġҲܳסǮģѿʲôʺɢ޾סĵطƼ𣿡΢΢һЦƺ̫߿˵
ȻǬ͵飬ĻϷͲٶȰˡʵйΣҲֻЩò²ѡһЩϢ˳ŵйģͬԵġ͵˽ƻֻҪ΢ЩʯӦܴӲٵط̽ҪϢˡס⣬ҵġһҿǮƺ˼ҲЩģ͵ǿΪӿ仰ͿֱӰᵽϷȥˣҺھסһ𣬵ʱһǬ͵ʶġȻûм˼Ļȥϼɽһʱסϼɽڳ͢еģʮľԪҲΪ񣬸ɽжֶģʮְȵĵطΨһ鷳ǣǱ߶Ʒ޷ʵڲƵģҵɢޣ¶޷ʱġڷñ˵ĵطҲҲȽϻңԪҲԶԶ޷ϼɽȵģ˵͸ʵǴӰ֧¿ģԺǺںֵ֧ġʮϸĸһ
᣿
һ֣ɫ΢΢һ
ǰմ󺺸Уйغ鱨Ǽġ
˻ʮǰֵģԱν֮
˵֮˲࣬ΪʵǿаޣƽжһΣ֮Ҳ󶼲ʶԴºƺ
˻һʼֵģȻżȳֵģԭȺų֮һġѪ󡱣ͽһҹ֮ȫֲֶնɱ˺󣬶ʱȫΪ֮𾪣Լͬľֹͣ˶ԺĵжΪ
ԭѪԴƺҲĲټˡ
һԭѾֵһͬʱĬ˺еĵλ
ĳ˹죬ļȻ󶼶෽̽ϸ
ϧԱһûҺǰ¶ջҲ鲻֮˵˭
ǰһἰ˻ᣬȻһˡ
Ǭ͵Ҳ˵ͷŶҲ֣ɢ˵ǵ֮һϾ˻Աʮأһóɱ֮аޣҵЩɢǵˣôĶȻܱܶԶͱܶԶġԣȴһЦ˵
Ŷ˺⣬ǵģȴķһ䡣
Ȼǳ͢ˡǵҹӳҲκβҵɢˡǵﳯ֮͢ˣ뿪ֻҪڴо޷׷ɱġŲ˵ˣǲǴףеĸڼʹ߸֮һ˸޷ܼġ͢ȴȻʦϴڣ뼶ʿƵģƸý鼶ͽҲ֮ࡣֻҪ͢һ棬ɨСҲֻһ仰顣ֻͬʱڣҲǳ͢һֻ۱һֻ۵Եʡϴ˵
лѣСһЩͷͬ˼Ļص
ʱ䣬ٽ̸Ƭ̺Ͼˡ
뿪᷿ȴֱǮȥˡ
ǮӶӷ˵ʲô飬Լɼһ˿ŭ⣬ĿһתĿߺ󣬵ЦݵʵϣڻˡϿ̽Ǭ˼ǷԸҰӵĿ䣿
öʧˡǬѻ˼δ͸¶ӵ˼ƺҪһʱ䣬ʱڻ뿪ġ˵Ļص
ЩϧˡûϵֻҪǬ뿪ĻǰӾͻл£ġϧǱǰӾȻûУҪȥѼҪ໨Щʱġӷԣüһ壬һչ˵
飬ѾٻȥˣֻҪдҩĻһҳġڹؼǣүӰѾǲǰɱ˺ͻԪˣȻǾ۱¥ָʹġӺһ˵
۱¥ϺǰԭǶͷ䱳ľŻӺͶүҲһˮݣǺϡġ⻰һ˵
Ѿ˶ˡǻĺܣնڸиŰ벽ѾԸȥˣÿݷֵټӴѹ۱¥⡣һ飬ܾˡǰӻ㣿һ˿ɫ˵
ضŭʵȱ۱¥飬ҪģһεһҪɹСҪˣΪһεȨǰӿɸ˾˴ۣʧܵġΪֹ㹻ѹƷɻûҵġӷЩȰ˵
һ޸⻰ŭʧˣһȴг˵˷ģոյϢѹƷѾһֵҵˣ;Уʱ䡣
ʲôѾҵˡ̫ˡǾ۱¥ٶЩƷ֣ӷһϲЩĵ˵
õѺ˰ȫ⣡һҲҹλȥƷˣүӰҲɳһӹȥġʮŵ˵
үӰɶʿеǿߣӻλͬУȷһʧˡҲͷ
ţĳȫҲʮҪҪٶһµģ㿴Ľơɫһֺֺйص
ͬһʱ䣬Ů᷿ͯУԼȴȻǮŴ
ſڵǱҶȻϵλйͣȻļæ򿪺ţ˳ȥ
һ߳Ǯźֻҿ˼ۺ󣬾ǰһС·˲Զһϣܿ뵽ȺС
֮ǰ罫һЩҪֵͼУʶڽֵϵ˿İ֮⡣
һһ£ܿᴩֵˣճһǰȻһûС
ûжúһĿͨĻˣҲߵڴĿĳСһɨȴɫΪ֮һ䡣
ͬСпտҲ˿Ӱڡ
˴֮£ٹ˲ļæУҪѰһЩ˿
ʱȻ󾢷һֻһۣһڵķˡ


176 С
ʱԭƺһ˵ĵطһεֶĿһɨϵĻӺ󣬵һ䣺Ȼ۷ƣֻһͨˡ
ֳ֮һץԭҲӶʱڿն䣬һץס½ᵽ˽ǰһֻһѺȴտҲĲûʲôջ
üͷһ壬ͻȻһſڣһźڹ
ԭƻȥĻӵѹƤһ˲䣬ʱɢŵ׹һ˫Ŀ
ʱʶһ˫ĿʼľȻͬʱһ·ӼԶңңڶһ𣺡ʲô˭Ǯҵġ
һյ蹤󣬵һɺ󣬻ӾٴλԵĵ˵ϡ
۱¥ǰӵĶͷˣҹϵȲġ˼һĿе׹Ѿָ
ղʩչĵʲôѻֶΣֻԼǿʩչһִֶΰˡ
ȻֶζԸӵзͽûʲôЧԸͨ˺һЩͽʿǴ´ġ
ʱٴεһһξȻһ¿ͷ࣬ΪһĿ֮ˡ
һŪֱм׶ıδס
һ첲һģöһֶһע뷨󣬹ϼһһɫƾճ֡
һѶ£˳ݺ󣬽һϣ֮ҡڵ߳ڡ
һʱһͨɳ۳ţҲƵ˳һɫСɽǰ
һ֮ͣ£һ
´󺺾ʹӳһĶ£תӸһӺ󣬾ɽ·ɽһ߶ȥ
һٷɽһྲС͵ǰ
ռزһĶŽգһʯǽΧţԶԶȥ᷿Ҳӡ
̧׿һ۵۴ҵġСֺۡ󣬵΢΢һЦߵǰ˼˶ͭ
˭εľʿˡݲӿͣ˼ڱչأ޷Ӵ͵ġŲδ򿪣ȴ洫һͯ
ԣɫ΢΢һȴ˵ǴӹԶݣҪġ
ʲôݣԴһ¡ͯмӡ
һСŻһˣ߳һʮģ֮ͯɫĿ
һȥǹһۣȻ֪˭ˡ˵ͯһۺ󣬲Ĵ壬ֱӵ˹ȥ
ʿԴһ£ȥȥͻأͯԥһº󣬻ǽӹ壬һضϡ
ˣ˫Ŀ΢΢һУû˵ʲôԭĬĬȺ
ʱ䲻һС󣬴žٴһǵͯٴЩǸĹһ˵ʿɡѾأ᷿еȺˡ
Ŀɨһµۣͯ˵Ĵǰ
ڵͯ£߽˵ۣź˵ۺһʯǽԺУһ俴ľ᷿ǰ
λʿԼȥˣˡͯߵ᷿ǰһ󣬹˵
ãǲǻʲôͷ˹ȥߵǰʱȴŲһ٣תͯһ䡣
ˣǾʿǰպˣǵͯһĴӻнǰǰͳ˫һĵݸ
ͷֱһһֻһץȥ
ꡱһ
ֱͻȻһأƾһ´Ӳ˼Ƕס˵ͯӣֻһ֮£þͽ䲱ɴһŤϡ
ͯҽδ̱
ָһ£ͯʬһȥ
ͬһʱ䣬ԺǽϣͻȻֳϸףƿһ죬мΪâ
üһһ׼õ½ֻһ趯ƬƬӰӿȫû˽ȥ
ЩһӴЩӰ󣬾׷׵ıѶΪһųȼն
һ̣ͻȻӰһХһʢг澹һķ׷ɢ
֮Ӱкһɫһǽںһնȥ
ã
ǽһ´˶˵ľ
һͽûǽвӰ
֮ҽǽڴӰһ£ֳ߰
Ժǽھп֮˲С
ЩиԳһŵɫ󣬵һ̣ͻΪصķ׷׵رˡ
ղŷųļǽһնذҲһն
ʱȻһ㣬һ³
ͬһʱ䣬ȴͻȻһ֣ðһԺĸצδץס˫һա
½·һնһһ¡
ಡһ
·һ±ѶһɫӰмһһӶȥ
ɫ䣬ͻȻһָ·һ㡣
Ȼ;зһ䣬ҲͬɫӰһȥ˲û˺С
ȴԼǿӲı˽
һҽк󣬻ɫӰͻΪһƬѪķ¡
Դȴ޶ãֳֽڿУͬʱһתף᷿򵭵˵һ䣺òѵָһһɡ
ͨˣļʹˡϷʲǶ֣֪ҪʲôܱסԼ᷿дһɳƵ
ٺ٣Ȼ֪ļʹߣٴңɼһʹʧٶҲйϵˡ˵һŹ𣿡ٺһĻص
Ĳһˡһһʣϣܹһ޷죬ôֲ׵ġɳһٺֻ˵
ߣΪһЩ𣬼ȻԸǾͱҲˡȴһԸ᷿˷ϻʲôһһööɫоǰ׷׸ֶһͻΪ߰˵⼤¡
顱顱û᷿еķоʲôһˡ
ˣĿ΢΢һˡ
ʵʩչĴԲķ֮ԶͨͽɱȵģһͽҲ޷򵥵Ӳӵġ
᷿еĵˣҲһͽ
˼ţжȴ˿ͣһ£һſųɫֹӿֶһͺ£·ȥˡ
Щδ£һϢһˡ
䡱һ
һӰ᷿ݶһ󣬾ɽһӶȥ
Դƺ׼һһɫͻΪ߰ĵһζ󣬾ͻΪӰӰһֶˡ


177 Ӱ
ӰȴһȻһѪ쳤һӰȥ
ॡһ
ѪӰһӴ֮£Ȼûһնƿ£Ӳһ
Ӱʱһϵ顱һ󣬾ȻΪ߰˵ѪӰ˷ˡ
Σһķһ˿
ǿ˸ǰʩչΪ
һʱӰһգͻΪӲӾһѪӰһֶȥ
ǵѪӰ󾪣ͻȻһȵѲҪңݹҺͬھˡ
ԣֻЦһܲʵֻǿʱ죬ŵٴһն
ѪӰһŭȣͻȻſ³һϺɫԲ飬ӭһεĻΪڰ޴ֱɫһȥͬʱ䵥һȻ׳һֻɫСܣֻһģ󣬾ͻΪĻĽԼС
һ̣ɫԲײ˾ϣһĻΪ汬Ѷ
УԼһ޴ɫƾոֶֻǵһתпӿСնȾ˴Ƭ
ԭ˾΢΢һݡԷΪͽȻһɱﵵģΪܴݻٷħӵǿˡ
ͨ˵ۼԻ¾ƷҲ˵ġ
ԷŪ²ú߹鿴ˣǲٺͶԷȥˡ
мƶ֮󣬵һʱڷͽӰĳħпӿȥ
һ̣죬渡ɫģӰһ
ɫһݺύ֯б˸ʵʵһ󣬾ͻΪ𻨵ı
ɫ·ѪӰһ˾д壬һŤ󣬾ҪʩչͨӶݵȴѾˡ
ֻһһ£ͽ䲻ĳһģһѪⶼɢֳ䱾Ŀ
Ȼһʮİߣֻ˫Ŀתѣ黫֮ɫ
ʱӰ˷һֺֻһƶϣ˸ʵʵ
Ȼһͽ˽ǰ뿪˵ЩʲôĿһƳϸֳһѪɫƺ󣬾ɫ䣬ֱһһȭ߻Զȥ
䡱һ
лΪƬıѶѪһС
ҪӦ죬»Ҫˡ
Ȼ֪ѪΣҲʲô򵥶
Ա󣬸ǽƷȫΪУ׷ȥҲûˡ
мƵʱ򣬺ȻɫһתԶһۡ
ֻУƿԼ߷ɳ۶
˵ĵһڿճСɽһɶȥˣڷɳʮԶһɽͷһ£ɽ·ɽȥˡ
һţһüͷ˼Ÿղŷ顣
СмأԭӦһϵİ׮ص㣬˶ŵӣרЭӼʱŴһЩҪϢõġ
һ£ʹӳ⣬Ҳᱻġ
ԭͨС۸Լ飬˳˹۵Ӵһμӳ¾û뵽ҲѾʧݣ˲Ȧ׵ĵϹˡ
ļҪǻͽӵ˵Ļ»ûжٻӸղѵ
Ͼǲһʿʹͬʱһͽһͽ
ηըģһʼȻǰ⡣
ڹ涨¼ʹ߳ʱ¼󣬱̽ȡ϶ΪһҲȷһ¶Էݣ˲ŻԼ档
ʱԷҪ鿴һöƣġ
ǵͯӹٴοŵʱȻûнѾΪˡ
ԺУǿֲǽк͵֮˺ȻκγɵĹϳˡ
˵ˣ׼ʦ£ͽѾǷǳǿˣЩ˲ĿŵĶڵӳ֣ʹ̶ֳ£ɼ֮ˡ
ЩȻģڱܺԥԱ顣
Ǻͽÿһ˾ߣ˵ϧ֮˵ġ
дҲɼĹͿ̶ֲˡ
ԺжҪӼСģûϸ֮ǰܽԼݱ¶ȥġ
кܿ찵˾

ͬʱĳ谵쳣УӰΧһӵĶš
һ쳣ߴӰָһոѿѪɫľƣһ˵
źʹ߾ȻƵԱˣһļӣʵġ֪Ӧöɼʹ߹ȥˡ
ӵʵһʹӦô´ˡѾЩˣҲϾġǰ֮ɾźȥСۣҲΪԷһļһˣ˹ҲҪ껺ʱ䣬˭֪ξȻ죡һӰ˵
ˡڼǰˣźԱǰѾò˹Ƕһ£Ҳ鲻ʲôġڵӻҪһģоϡѪӵڵļݶѾȷˣֻҪ˺úöסǾˡΨڼݣһšҿɲеؼʱ򣬴ͻȻð˴µġţǱеôˣܹټӿһЩʱɲ˵ģȫ䶨СߴӰĬһº˵˵
İɣ߽ȾûġΪ˴£ǿ׼ʮ֮ãʱԲܹһġһţݶڻҪû˷һðƻɣһӰг˵ߴӰһ䡣
ЩǷ쳣֮ȫˡڸһҲȫԼˣġߴӰԣ˼Ļص
ţòˡھźżȻѾˣǾٴѡһģѪؽΪҲͽڣ²Ͼźʹߵλáˣʶڷֱ½ˣԷǱܻй¶ǵܡٺ٣⣬˲ǹ߶ѣ˿ɵĻᡣһӰ˵
²˵ҲĺܡѪоѪҲ̫ˣٶഢһЩеġڶӰȴ˵˵
ѪǼ򵥵顣ʱһɢޣѡһЩûбܻˣ½ҰɡһӰ˼˵


178 ϼɽ
СڿɲǰЩ꣬ѾΪˣɢʧٵĻҪǾ֮ˡݣһɢ븮Ȼ֪ʧˡߴӰȴҡҡͷ˵
Ȼи׵İ취Ȼνˡˣ͢ûʲôɡôһЩ鼶ƺҲʼ׷ǵˡһӰͷصʵ
鼶䣬Щ鷳ġЩ͢һһˣͺѲġЩһ˵ǳ͢䣬ʵڻ֮˲ġǻע⵽ǵĻҲûյġӦֻЩ˽жˡɣһͷ̽̽ڷ˵ڴ֮ǰȲҪЩ䡣ҺԶǧڲ֪ͬı飬µһʱͻ֣Ƿǳ⽫ȡ֮ԴʵԼʦֻǲ¶ѡߴӰ˵˵
ʲôѾʦˣʲôϢڶӰԣƺһ
һûȷе֤ݣֻǲ²֮ԶѡߴӰȴҡҡͷ˵
ģЩʦҲΪģֻҪһǰ¶мڵһľҡɣͷȾܿЩˡڣֻҪ̹꣬һжɽˡһӰĬһºȴЦһ˵
ţҲֻˡڶӰ̾Ϣһ˵
ʣµʱڣ־ۼһĽ̸һ󣬲ŷ׷뿪˴

»صʱѾʱˡ
ʱΪһƳ׵ʿһֵĽֵϡ
ȻһԱһͨĺͬС
ͬ㳤ȴ߰˼Ÿֱʶ̡
˼󣬾һҰᦵĹײǰͣŲæ˽ȥ
͹٣Ҫľ
һģӣڸһո¹ľˢźᣬһ߽жһţ߹һʵ
ǰӼۺû˵ʲôȴͳһǰһΡ
ԭɫƽӣһɫ䣬Ȼһζ󣬾ŷɿϡ
һĻصǰҲһɫ
Сʽɫ⣬Ȼʮӡ
üһһ˹ȥ
ӼˣҲصĽɫƶ
һץסֻ̣ǵɨһۣעЩ
һɫһֺ󣬾渡ֳŹֵĺɫ
ЩĺŵͷĽһգɫһ»ָˡ
ʱȴóһСƿеһֲ֪ҺͿĨϣϸ֮κ󣬲ŴһĽһ׶ء
ʹߴˡΪһöðӣΪԼһӶٽӴ֮ˡ
µļʹߣ֪μʹʧٵ顣ͬɫƻ˶Էɫʵ
˺α̽Ϊڰӣԭѱȥƽ̽κ飬ҲӴκͽֻΪһͨѡΨһôڹؼʱṩһϵڵѡ˼ȻңϵϵӦòˡӻ˵
ܺã㵹Ǻر֡Ҳܻˡûжŭͷһ䡣
ʹߴ˸ɡϵڵķ󣬱˵ˡÿһ궼ȥһΣһζãǶʮǰˡһ˵
ͷ̺ȥˡ
ǴһСԺ󣬾߽һ᷿ͨС
˷󣬳һẈ̂һ⣬κμҾˡ
ȴߵ̣Ȼ˫һĳء
ľСԡһ죬мһΪˣ¶һںĶһʯֱͨ·ӡ
Ӵͳһۣӭһκ󣬾ƾԼȼŽ·һ߶ȥ
ɫ΢Ҳȥ
ڶ߽ȥ󲻾ãԭֿľٴλеĺˡ
˴Լʮɺһ˶ĵʯС
ⲻʮɴСʯУһúõ˶󣬱Եȫһööѷźõİɫʯ
ڷĴȴһԲʯ̨ӡƣȻҲһСͷ
ǴѶ󡣼ʹ˶ԶҲԽϢ˲䴫ڵģĿռ侧ʯҲʮ־˵ģɻϢǾЩĺáʹ÷ʹߴ˿϶Ҳѧ˰ɣҲ˵ˡվڷ˵
ţʱȷһЩʹ÷ʯ̨üͷ΢΢һ󣬻ص
ȻҾȵˡʹߴ֮ԼˡõĴ˷󲨶ᱻ֣ʯɵģвġӵͷ˵žԹԵػʯȥˡ
Χŷת˼Ȧ󣬲ŵһ̹ⵯһŵû뷨вӰ
ɲǼ䣬һˡ
һʱٴ뿪˹ײ̣ݵ߳ͬ³˽ֵϡ
ʣµʱ䣬ֻǸĽֵй
ɫڵʱٴνһƫƧСУһ˳ʱ±ɶʮ߰ģǮ򻺻ȥˡ
ڶһ磬ϢһٴƮȻĴǮ뿪ˡ
һΣֱڽֵһ򳵷Ըһֱϼɽȥˡ
ϼɽСɽͬһֽɽ޽ɣϼɽҲȫ鳯͢Уɽϲפ˴ӳ͢ʿһЩԪŨطֱӻЩ͢Ľ鼶䡣
νĿõĶʵֻϼɽԪĵطѡ
Щ޷ҲľˣһɢʹѵġⲢ̫õģϼɽϻûжɢ޾סϵġ
վϼɽһڣҪʱһеƷʱվǰµһ£üЦ
ǰչһűעλõɽˮͼԼѡпѡĶ
ŵͼһЩȤĵطͷҡͷһѡһλƫƧǰһСĶ
ڹ´£ȥǶ鿴һΪ󣬾ͳ˸ߴǧʯһ޷ú󣬾ʹ˸߲ҵĹеõ˶Ľơ
Щ⼸һЩ򵥷ûҴĻᾪɽϵѲɽʿطϼɽʮְȵĵط
뿪ϼɽûϷǮʱ䡣
ʱ֣ٻصǮʱסȻһ˵ȴ


179 
ˣǮģĪʲôǬĳ𣿡һ֮ˣЩȻʵ
ǮǮ
ǬǮĳ֮ԻᵽʵиϢġҪıݣ»ڴйõһ꣬ҪԹĿһ£ǷãǮЦݵ˵
˻棬ǬĳҪȿһˡԣȻϲ
ǮŴһľУЦĵ˹
һѽӹľУһʱ¶һ국ɫҶݣԼɢ˿˿
ˣĿм֮ɫмâһһ糤ֶ
һľУһָס룬ϵĳҶƬһ̶¡
һ
붴ɫҶƬ˲䣬һɺ⵱͸ָһӿȥ
ָһģ󣬾ͽһأǰɨһۡ
ֻǰغȻȫһ㵭˪סˡ
ʮıݣֶŮ㹻ˡһΣǮˣ¾ͲˡϾɫһɴ˵ͬʱָһĲˡ
ǺǣֻҪþˡԭǷ˵ӦµľͣµڲҵԭҪǸһġǮһЦ˵
Ǯ̫ˡǬĳֲ˳ֶΪ顣ǫ˵ľ¸Ǻú󣬾ͽСĵһնˡ
ʵǮĳһǰһģȴ֪ġǮľУЦݲһ֡
ŶǮлֱԵġԣɿתȴɫ˵
ԣǬǰҲ֪һЩģ֪ΣǮɫһʵ
Ǯ˼ǡ˫Ŀķһ䡣
Ҵ֪Ǯ˵ãһҽ֮¡˲ţʵġǮĳԹʽΪӿ֮һһöȷöɿߴġǮֱ̹ˡ
ӣҪǮʧˣ»ûдġԣüͷһ˵
ΪΣΪһɢޣȻʱס¼ĳһ֮ǳ顣ǮĳԿ䣬ӵĿʹһģҲŽǰ֮еġֻҪӣÿ¶вƵһʯʲôȱĵҩҲһŰռġұӶԿԼҲǷǳɣǿ̫ΣգܣһȨԾܾġǮĳÿһЩɵ顣Ͼӱϣҵ仹ǴвģҪλԶֵĻʵ̫ġǮ˿⣬΢Ц˵
ȻǮг⣬ҲҴţʲô˵ʲôˡйذӵĿҴ˵һЩˣȷ㲻ġ֮ԲϴӦǻǰƺһУҲ˺͹Ӷ˽ɱˡǬĳһЩ˽鴦ĳЩ鷳еģǣ˴󲿷־򻺻Ļص
ԭˡǬǶǰڴ̫ԵʡҪĻǬͲ̫ˡʵһеж԰ӵıָʹߣǮĳѾ˭ˣǱӵĶͷ۱¥Ϊġ׻˵ĺͬԩңռԴңȻһ򶷵Ĳɿˡұ˺;۱¥ĴƹӰǣҲޡʹ˶һ˭Ҳκβ˭йȻʵԭ򣬵ҪĻұпɽԵʣκһҵµġصİЩ⡣ֻҪȵ¸˳ٿ󣬱Ӿѹ۱¥ˣŶԷڶǱӵġǮȻ֮£ϸĽ
пɽԹܱΪɽ϶Ǵ֮ˡ֪ǮܷһЩȻһ䡣
ȻûġʵĴСٶЩеģġǰӺ;۱¥ΪǶģɽ˭˽֪飬ʲôġǰӱ֮ˣʵǵϵ׵ܵܡү֮һҪϽġ۱¥ĿɽǵŻӣͱӲͬϴƹӰʵǾŻӵļū۱¥ǾŻӵ˽вƲѡ¶ҲһҶһҵģǱɽ鷢ġǮص˵
үĪǾǶʮǰЭֽϵǻһ֮ƵүȻһ𣬵˿ɫ¶ʵ
Ŷû뵽ǬҲүͷͺðˣȷλ١֪ǬǷı⣬ԸΪӿˣǮЩʵ
Ȼ鷳ֻʱģүλǬĳ˵ƴ֮ԣҪǮˡҿԴӦӣڴ֮ǰϣܹӦһ¡Ƭ̺󣬲ɫһ˵
ǬʲôˡǮһϲæʵ
һҼӳΪ䣬ֻڼ飬һ뿪󣬴˿ȻҲˡǮģʱ꣬ġڶҳΪӿı꣬ÿµʯ⣬ѧϰһЩϣƼҵĳʦѧϰһЩ֮ȻҲ֪ʦһͽģҪֻǰӵһƼѣа취˵ԷġӸܵʦܹʦõҩеġ˵
ʲôǬҪѧϰ֮˵ȻǮһ
ô²ѧϰ𣿡ԣ˫üһ
ȻǣֻȻͽҲ֪֮ѧļˣܹԸ⻨ʱѧϰߣ޼ġȤĻǰӻͼʦйһЩģ԰ƼһġʦϵҩʦʹڸҲǷëǵġĻҲֻһ˲д˵ȱµġʦƢʮֹ죬ȻҲνεҩʵû̫ӦָġǮһɵĻص
ûϵֻҪǮ¼λʦһУѧϰ齻дˡˣȴһ
ãֻĻǮĳӦġһΣǮֻһ˼һҧĴӦˡ
Ǭʹٰݹˡ΢΢һЦǮ΢΢һˡ


180 Ԫɽ
Ǭ˶ˡգҾͽ˽Ƹ͹йסǮǸ֮ɫ˵
סͲͷˣǬĳһϲ徲Ѿϼɽ¶ˡȵ½඾γɾ󣬾ͻȥˡ˼Ĵϵ
Ļÿʯ²ٰɡɣԺÿ¸ʯһɡǮЩ⣬˵˵
ǬĳлˡԣȻֳлһ
λӶ˼󣬾ĸ뿪ˡ
͵󣬲˼֮ɫطˡ
ʱ䣬ҪϽǱݰ䷽İҩ֭Ǭ£ֶλѼʱһֲ׸
ͬһʱ䣬ǮҲصǰС
ϣƷһ衣
ˡϲɫĪȰ˵ɹǬԸˡһǮ飬΢ȻһЦ˵
Ǻǣһ棬ǮĳùȥǬȰ˵£ȷӦҲǮĳҲҪ˷һݲСġǮǺһЦ˵
Ŷ˷ѲС飡ָǡһ˿ˡ
λǬһˣڶȴҪʦָһǮϲɫһ΢΢мص˵
ʦָĪǷӴʦԣɫ΢΢һˡ
˷Ӵʦ˭ܿƴ˳ƺģǮ˼˵
ǷӴʦƽˣȥָǬġϻЩӡ
Ȼ֪ģǬȴֻҪһ¾УƺԼ˵ʦġǮ̾һĻص
ֻĻԶͷʦĹϵҲǿġ͹ֲöҪ˵˷һĻˡǬǰ׷ĻˡԣŻȻĻ˵
ֻҪλǬ˵ǰһǺͽĻȻֵõġϣλǬᣬ㾪Ϊ𣿡Ǯǵͷһ˿ĵʵ
ôϷжϻЩ𣿺ٺ٣λǬȻû׿ڳϹͨϴκɩЩĽӴϷԿ϶Ϊֻ֮϶ŷ֮µġ»ѴٴһЩֻҪܽ£Ҳһʻ΢ȻһЦ˵
仰ǮĳҲͷˡһͽĿ䣬ڵİ˵Ȼһˣֻ΢ųЩȥҲڳȥһЩҪ顣Ǯɫһɵ˵
ˣйǬѵɲʲôĺͽǱһɢ޻ӦûвСġһµæʵ
Ȼ˵ˣǵΪֹ˿ûеġҿǬܲǱ֮ˣ˵ҵߡһ֮˶ҲġǮһ
ɲ˵ЩɢȻԵУҲֻ֮ͬҪ㹻Դһطϰ겻Ҳ顣λǬ̸ֹ̫֮ʿ˵ߵҲȷЩġĺͽ˵ʿҲûпܵġ˼˵
ʲôϾǬʿǮһԣɫһˡ
ٺ٣Ǯصġ˵ղֻϷĲ²֮ԣʿǴǣкηġ˵һЩʿΪҲûġȴٺһЦ˵
⵹ҲǣֻҪ˶Ұûж⣬ǮĳҲЩġߣʮоݴ֮ˡǮһҲͬȻһЦ
ҲĺЦ
ʣµڣȻţйһڼרųϢһЩ;йص鱨ڶһЩ˽⡣
һϣһǬһ󣬿ԲСǺ˯Ц֮󣬵΢΢һЦĽԱһ˿ӸŮͯһǶϣȻ뿪˴ߣȥ˸һС
УԼĴɫƽϥĬĬ˼ЩΪ
⼸æµǬĹֲڳȬˣԺֻҪӵһ£Ϳɺͳһ޶ˡ
ʱԽȫνĿˡ
һν׷μͱְ˵ǴҪģҪĿĻǵȴٴᴿռ㹻ɷ֮ԼԼ׵Ǽܡ
ǰ߹Ҳ˵ˣ϶һʱ飬Ƕʱɵġ
ںȴǣһطˡ
ԣһصطһֻ跨븮вܳ׽ҿжܡ
ԭȽʱ跨Ǳڵ𣬵û뵽˴ɣϹϵİӾȻͺйϵġ
δشӦӿġ
ϾʵֻҪκǰ˳ΪһӵģûбҪѡĳһˡ
ڵĻȻǰˡ
үͰӼĲƹϵֻҪ΢ĵȺһ£Ӧò̫ѵˡɱӲðǱҪ׵Ķˡ
˼ţǵ𵭵Цݣ˫Ŀ΢΢һպʶиһöɫֻþһ󣬾͵תĻΪһɫ伮һҳҳĻˡ
Ǳ̫
Ȿ쳣ȻҲΪӱӵõҲֻʮ֮һѡ
Щ򵽵ĶҲһʮּ򵥵ؼӶԼ֮ߵ֮
νĽ֮ߣʱҲŪôһˣԪɽҪǰ
ⲿ˵ɽһԷΪ֡
һ־ǽͨԼӼһֻҪܺԼͿɴ߶ͨɽ
ַɽȻһ㣬һûֱ̫𣬵ǱٻԷɽҲ̫Ӱġ
ַɽһĸ߽׽ǲмһˣͬġ
һ֣ԼѪɽ֮ߣȻٽעƺõķɽϣͿɽߺ϶ΪһӶɴеԪɽˡ
ַɽΪԼѪ;Եʣ󣬸÷ɽ˴߶ͬʹʹָһ㣬ɱ֮⣬ӦϵķɽҲ׷ɱ
ȻԪɽһٵĻҲ÷ɽشЩ̫֮ԵģôʹߵҲǺϡ顣
ҲˣЩ߽׽ԪɽĲϣȻҲ֮ͨɱȵġ


181 ¸
󲿷ͨϣ޷뽣еġ
㵱Ȫ˵õһҲֻһǿԵԪɽϣһЩ߽׽˵뻹޷ˡ
ʺϽ޵ķɽʵ̫ˣ޵һȫһڷɽ֮ϡ
ҲвٽۼѰҺʲ֮£ҲֻһЩͨԪɽ壬ƽԵʱȻС֣ײҶô˷ɽġ
һЩڵΣ£ɴԪɽͷֻǴһЩѰһЩΪɫһȻǷɽҲõĽ鷢ˡ
ڵΪòſԪɽƵĴ⣬ԼĽ֮ߣȴǿġ
ԼԴеĽ֮Ȥ֮һõⱾ̫Ȼȥġ
̫ԣ⽣֮Ȼֻ֮壬ֻҪ嶯һΣͻ֣ҲԶԶ޷͹עõԪɽɱȣ߶֮ȻԶϽɱ֮ڣͨԵֵġ
Ȼֽ֮ߵҲǻѪ顣
һ˵һɹעɽڵĽ֮ߣʮ꣬ʮɣҪ˻ʱͱΪˡ
ҽ֮߼ʹﵽעɽҲ˼ȥû޵ܳǿȥ
һһЩʼҲʷɽϵĸ߽׽ޣڽ֮ߵĿ̶ֲȿ֪ˡ
ЩʱԼڵöɫС֮һӡ󣬲զ಻ˡ
ʦΪһֱԪ֮ʱ佣֮߿¿Ҳû˭ܽһɡ
ϧĺܣⲿ֮ߵĴ߶ֻѡ
һͬѪ֮Ѫ֮״߶һ־Զԭ˵ǿҲǿ߶ġ
ǰ߳ߵԭ˺⣬˿϶ΪġȴҪʦҪǿʶ֮ôҲͬʵֵһ顣
ȻڵĽ֮ߴȤҲֻܷ뷨ԼĽ˵ˡ
̫֮߰ͬĽҲ᲻ͬټƷɽϵĲͬעɵķɽ֮
̫Ȼһ׽֮ɵĽ߱Ϊ̫ߡ֮ҲԶͨ߿ɱȵġ
ϧ˽ߵĵһͱҪռ̫֮ǰδ˵Ĳϣ̺Ľ֮ܿʼġ
ǰѾǮһΣλҲδ˵ֲϣѾӦһ¿δгˣҲǶʱϢġ
δȫ͸ߵ֮Ҳżһʱġ
һ˼ţһ˫Ŀϵļ׷
һʱ㻺ȥˡ
ȵڶһ磬ֲ鿴Ǭһ飬ȷŮͯĳް󣬾伸Լٴ뿪Ǯ
һΣȥ֮õ·пһ
˷кطвͬΪûм˼ԵʣȻ̸ʲôԣҲ澭һЩûеϡƷӺ;۱¥濪Լ̡
ڴ֮ǰ·ĳֵʱĿȻĳڴһۺһ¿һŹֱǺ˫ĿȻһж
ʱȴٴαóһʿĴ磬ŲæǰڴֱϴǼײ̶ȥ
һǲ⣬ֻĽ̴һغ󣬾Ͷ˵䵽ȥˡ
Ƭ̺һ˶ԳڵʮУɫصվڷм䣬ͬʱԲʯ̨֮ϣСͬʱ߶
ʯ̨һɫϼŽ˫һնأüͷһ䣺֣ʷʦ嵽ģҳʱֱӸˣҪҵʱͨϵŸߵġֻٵȼȥˣȽʦ˵ɡ
ٵʯ̨һȥ
ʱСȻһֹʹֹͣת
һתƮȻ뿪ҡ
һʱĳ鲼ǽשĺլǰһһ쳣ֵɳ۶һͬǰͣ
һָһ£Ŀǰͬһۣʹ˽ȥ
ͬǳȴֻȴţǰ󶼰ڷŴСһʯʨʯȵ
ȻסĶǷǸ֮ˣЩլԺһЩѾ۵˵
ɿ߹ǰ漸һֱߵ˺ͬվһȴǰ̧һȥ
м䴦Ȼдš¸֡
¸ǰ漸ңҪ࣬ǰǿݻմźҲǼž
һ꼴ԥϼ˼´ϵͭ
һ
ǹú󣬴ڻǰ˿˳ŵӡ
Ŀ΢΢һ˼ҪҪʩֱӴȥ֮ʱȻбŵһȴһһģӣ̽ͷ̽Եͷһۡ
վڳ¸ǰ󣬲תʱһæͷҪٰŹϣȴѾˡ
ֻǰӰһΣ͹ȰĳǰһֻһѾϽĴŶʱóޱȣ޷ƶֺˡ
Ҫʲô˸ۡɲʲô˶ܷĵط۵ŭӵĽе
Ҳʲôˡˣֻһ䣬¸Ϊαɿյˣȥˣޱʵͬʱϵֻһ
ꡱһ
ƼӲ쳣ĴţʱӲץһ
۴Ӷʱһ飬æִÿЦ˵ԭʿˣ¸ԴӳʷѾһǰ͢ջأ˵ھסֵһСȥҵĻȥǵطͿҵ·ǵġ
֪ݵľλ𣿡ԣʵ
СľĲ̫ˡ¸һλˣÿʱȥֿڸ׵Щʳȥȥ׵ȺĻӦġӵͷ˵
ͷһ˾ͳĵطתͬȥˡ
ӳһæһضϣһתȴȻԶվһ۵ӣ֮ɫ
үӼæȥһ
ô£ղôſ˵ںʲô˵𣿡֮ɫʵ
үôһ£¸ˡӻæղŷԼүһ顣
ʿܿ϶ԷʿЩɫȴм粻֮ɫˡ
үҪʿۼģġһָϱץõطæ˵


182 
ĿԸոõĵطһۺɫ΢΢һ䣬ҡҡͷһ䡣
ԭΪʷˣڽˣڿδˡŹغáӽڣүκοˡ
ǣүӵ״Ӧһ
˼뿪ˡ

һٷͳĳֵһ˵ǰֿ̧˿ɫ󣬲ԥֱ˽ȥ
߳ʱ򣬾ͱѾ¼λöȥˡ
һСߵһΪƫƧǰǰ˳¾ɴ¡
Ƭ̺󣬴Ŵһ߳һɫµ
˭һǰʶĿ¶֮ɫʵ
ʷ˿𣿡ɫʵ
ʲôʷʷҴطˣҲ֪ɫһԥһţȻҪŸ
ǺεˣֻһΣסߵľٶ
߼˴ŭȻֱһͶݺһȭͷȭΪСӡ
ֻ΢΢һЦȭͷܡ
ֻһ߶ʱȭͷһһɾǰӿһ󣬾ĵŵŵĵ˳Զȥ
ô˹ȴһ߽УĿһɨ󣬾Ϳһ긾§һͯվڽ䴦ЩԾ
Ůǳ·ˡ
ɿһת
ӣվκһٶ󣬵ŭӵĴһȻԱ߷ŵһںץУҪһƴӡ
ֲ˵ʲô˵ʱȴͻȻˡ
һ⻰ԥº󣬻Ǻ޺޵ͣ˽ŲȻֳĵڸǰ
΢΢һЦ˵Ĵӻһε⣬һֵ̧˿ȥ
ǡֲ콫ⶫùϸһ¡·һӺʱüæ˵
ԣȻЩ֣ԴϽӹ⣬˸С
·˽ⷴ˼Ҳһɫ⣬߷һ󣬳ߴ״ȫһ޶ӡ
СŮӰݼʦʦһҪ¼檷ҲЩʦ˿ͷ·κλɣȻһǰͯĳڵأͯͷ
һҡҡͷһһ֮ӿͬʱе˵˵ɣҿɲʲôʦιҲֻжѣֻҪܼȻΪ¼ҳһġһǬˡ
ǣǬֻǰһһУ޷·ֺˣоϲ£ӹĻصͯһվ
Աֲˣ֪ѷǵУæһףվԱЩڨڨĲ֪˵ʲôǺá
Ȼ޴·Ӧöˣ֪ʷ˵ҵġʾֲ¹غú󣬲ŲŲæʵ
ڻǰƺҲϵԼ⣬ǰ⽻˵ֻҪ˻£ͻһʶʦȳ¼ҵġ·˵
ţ˵Ĳеʦʦ˵˵ʷİɡͷɫһ˵
ǵģǬģҷΪʷڰǰϡ·˵һһ
Ҳ۾ţϲʱ¶˼ɫ
ǰһȺòͻȻ븮У׽ý˴УٹºҲϳ˳¸Щ죬ҪֲĹĲ벻Ȯһ֮ض޷ҵġ·˵һ仰ʱıʹ֮ɫ
°ͣβŻ˵˵鳯͢Ҫ͢Ĺδ׼󣬲Żз£ȥְýġ
ǵģǬȷˡ·æص
ٺ٣ô˵ʷأȻ顣ҿĲʲôУЩ͢ɡǵһʷ練Ƶ顣ٺһ˵
ǣ˵ǰ˼϶乩ҲĬġ֪Ϊε󣬷Ҽҷ볯͢ˡ·̾һ˵
⻹򵥡Գ͢Ŀ»ҲΪɵĲĽȻǳʷùˡЦһ˵
Գ͢鲻̫˽⣬Ҳ˰ɡ֪Ǭʲô취ܾȳҼҷġ·˿Цһϣʵ
Ҫôˡֻȳʷ˵ֻǾ֮͵顣뱣ְֹĻͲ̫ˡһЦ˵
ֻҪܾȳ·ĵĹٲҲաǴҪˡֻҪһžۣǾһСطһˡ·ԣԥ˵
ãǷģǾͺðˡǸһ³ʷò󣬾;ʰ뿪ڶʮĹٵԵžˡڶһ磬ԻġˣǽѺʷĴڣҲһԣƽ˵
˵Ǳһ׼ȳһݵĻԱȻǼ֮
ǰ˽ȻҲרʿͽĴΣѺͨ˵ġ
ּ¾һЩĽƷ󶼻᲼ò٣ҪȥĻȻˡ
Ҫй¶żʹʮΣ飬ֻҪһݣλʷӴֱҲ̫ѵ顣
·˺ֲȻе˼һ
ǳ·ɫºҲһҧĴӦ˼ں󣬾һʷò
֮󣬾κ󣬾ֱһץһֻƤֱӵ˹ȥʱϰɡ뿪ʱʲô鷳ֻҪݺƤ£Կɱµġ
Ƥװֻ­ħͷ
˷­ԶȰ׹ЫߣѾ򵥷Ըһˡ
·Ȼֻ֪ƤǺҲ֪һ⣬мĳлһĽƤ˹ȥСսС
ʱ䣬ٷԸ˳·˼󣬾Ȼ뿪ˡ
ûзǮ˼ֱ·˿еĴڶȥ
·һ΢ʰ¶󣬲þ͹һֱֲӸųš
ҹʱ֣ĳƽ䱸ɭϵĸߴУһӰͨһڣֱĴȥ
ȻӰһ٣ڲվŵ߰絶ǰͣЩ󣬺ȻһȺţһդС⣬Ȼκ͸ĵط
ӰһȻâһŵķ׷ûЩڡ


183 
Щֱһ飬ͽӲվԭ޷ֺˡ
ʱӰһģǰֶֻ֣һ֮󣬾ʹһ佫һѳɫԿժ¡
ӰҲƵһζͽһһûС
ź棬Ȼһխµĳݣҿ쳣·ʱûͨһ㡣
Ӱȴһ޶ãһŽһȥսǴһģ󣬾ˡ
Ƭ̺󣬽ݸط֮κˡ
ͬһʱ䣬Ӱȴںڵʮһηǰ͸һִդԼԼ붼տҲֻȼӡ
⼸һȻ洳˹һˣһ־ס˸ǼͷҲһ
ܹηˣҲʲôƽգȻҲ󶼱侲֮ɫûддʲô
ⴳ˵صӰȻʩǱ
һ˵Ҳ䱸ɭϣһͽ˵ȴֽͬı©
Ҳ뾪ߣŶһڷлΪ֮壬ŴģֱӴ˽
˿һ߹ʮηĳ䴦פդһӴ˼ۣȻһЦ˵ǳʷ´ˣ
˭ϵóĳģ࣬Ҳм֮ɫЩɵʵ
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ܺãѡ񡣳´˺󼸲ɡͷԸ󣬺ȻǰһۡۡһץסǺդ
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ǣһȫʦ˵ġʷȻû˿顣
ǶһתͲҪ뿪ˡ
ʦ֪һܣǣǣ͢ԾĴλʦҲ޷ġλһ˾鼱֮¾е
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ʦˣС˼Ȼҽ˻˵Ȼ֤ݵġȻ˫ĿЩëȻһҧ˵
ܺãס˵ĻҾһΡˡˡƬ̣ŵͷ˵
֮һһڶ̽Ľǰդһг߰˽ء
ˡ˴ϲæлĴ˳
ǰ˵ĻҲˡȻĻܾߵģҲһ˲СһкĿȴηʣµɨһۺĿкһ˵
ʦˣѵ롭һ˼ʷ͸վȳˡɫһˡ
Ǽηеԭ𾪡ˡһ˻ɫˡ
ģȻˣҲѪϴֻ͢ǸԼ鷳ѡֻǴõСʱǰһĻˡȴٺһ˵
ԭˣлʦ˴ȱΪʷһæ˵
һֺ󣬾ѾһѺ˵ηȥһŤ󣬾޹ǰֱӴդ伷ηС
ŵһ߶ʱһվĺ
ǰĽ̸Ҳˡʩһ㳹״ѵĳ˵
С϶ȻͲСˣԴ˺쳾֮Ȼ˲ĶʦʩɡЦһ˵
ͷһһɫһģıֱڸϣ֮϶˵һ֣ƾȼ
˲乤һ̴֮ͳη
顱顱
վդĳʷ˻ηйѺ߼ˣŵ˲䣬ͷ׷һķԵˡ
һЦŽһɢž͵ϥ£һУֱ˵˽ǰͬԼ棬âһϸ뵽֮С
һֱͦͬʱ˫ĿһľȻ֮ɫ
ʱдʣ˫Ŀͫ˿˿ѣͬʱָԼסһ룬ͷ­ϸɿ

һٷٴκǵŽȥԶ޴ָԾ²֪ĳʷˣͿյһͬǰС


184 
һĴ߳ʱĿһɨȴ΢΢һˡ
ֻԭӦýӲվһʿȻȫӰȡ֮ģȴһɫƤ̹ӵ׳һ˫Ŀĺߡ
һһϸޣһȴһڵɫк֮ɫĴŸո߳
䣿
Ȼе⣬Ҳû¶̫Ծı飬ʮƽһ䡣
Ҷ˵ȷǽ䣬Ѳ鵽ˣȴû뵽ײ˵ѡ⻹һͷ۵鰡һ˺͵ʲôϵǺ̾һĿһɨ˵ʵ
ûʲôֻ³Щ飬һˡص
Ŷɵ飡͵Ѷйϵ֮ˣȻͬʱͬһطȺȣƤԣȴһ˵
ǰ¾ɣĻһ䡣
ߣҶû㽫ȫȥˣҲǰϵûСڼȻײˣڶͬ˷ϣչǿĬһˣһ˱мصĻ˵
УҪߣһҲµġԥһڻؾ
ǶԼʵţҪˡ˵ˣǼȻǳ͢Ľ䣬Ȼ˵һȻҪһֵġ˵
Ƥ׳һЦȻһץƤޣһ󣬾һҡͷβһϸߡ
ͷ­ޱȣԴо綾ӡ
ٺ٣֣δҪ⻰ȴٺһһǰʱϡۡһһǿ֮Ϣ
һһɺڝƾӿֶΧһ󣬾ͻΪһ쫷ĳ
ߺƤ󺺼ˣɫһ䣬δ˵͸еһɿֲѹȻһײ
һ֮󣬾Ͳһֵóһ·
һʹ˴ӶмһתۼʧڲԶһԺź
ƤֽץסкߣǺȻ֮ɫȴһʱûκľٶ
߸֮ɫֻӰԶȥ֮󣬲Ŵӿ¡ͽڡ
ȷǺͽˣпǺͽԲĴڣҵͽٲôҲֵ㲻Ƥ󺺳һ˵һ󣬺һζĲصϡ
ţȷֿܡֲ˼ҸģĶˡȺͻǼϹһȼĴڣǵġһҲ˽ĽˣʵȥҲʲôġҲһ˵
Ҳֻˡ˵ˣڵԽԽͷˣǽΪһ˺ͻеǼϹͻȻȫչأ鲻ܲӿһ±ǰЩϣвٶǹӡ֪ģͽԲڣкü֮ࡣЩ֪ģΪģ֪жصҪʲôӰɡƤĿº󣬺Ȼѹ˼䡣
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򵥾ͺˣؼڳ͢ҲŹŹֵֹģЩҵļһ֪ʲô飬ȴЩͽ׿ԡȻǩѪҲ벻׵ı˵õġƤ׳һ˵
ֵܣģɫһ粻Ȼһ䡣
ǵȻġȻΪ΢ֻһͽΪɢޣҲ֪˶ٿͷģ汻˵ڻõġƤԣæһŵ˵
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ãׯĳʱ϶ʵԼƤԣʱϲ
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ȻˣǻҪ鿴һ£ǷȱʲôûСźĽһۺ˵һ䡣
Ȼ飬ֻϣ˾˾;߰ɣɱٴɱˡƤԣҲĵͷ
֮ҲţƬ̺󣬾ͷԲѵļȻһæʩ˷ֱѡ
⼸ˣȴǵûǰһˡ
Ӽв̴ζЩͷ­һЩɫС㣬߶˻һۺҲԼôһˣֻܸӵĿЦ
ԷַȻһЩʿֶΣԻҩһЩƫؼӴܹ˽ġ

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ˣ̫ˡҪ̫үȣūҲʮǰûˣǻܻյġֲæֵ̿˵
顣ֲڳ¼ĹΪ˶꣬ٵĶҲѾˡζ飬Һ๫һ⳥ġ·ȴͬ˵
ˣʵףǰһˣݳĺүֲԣ˵ʲôȴȻԶٵһɳ۶ǰһϤӰϲӵĽе
ʲôҼӷ𣿲ῴɣǰһ𣬵·ͯ˳ʮּҲٵȥ
Ǻǣ·˷ģȷǳ´˲١
ʱȻ߿дһЦ
ֲͳ·һæ̧ȥſһƴӿһ£վһˡ

һӺվɽ𶥲ų·˸ոջƥаԶٵϽΪӰ΢΢һЦ
ѾǰѶʦֻҪʷһһ뿪󲻾ãȻͻǰӦˡ
һѾʦԸ׵ˣȻҲ˼ɡ
ˣǲǸúúеǼܵˡĿһնغתԱվŵһʮӣ˵


185 
ǬȻ´оȳĳõܣȻȫгġ˵ܺ󣬾ټˡԻϣʦºܽһСͳ´һǰ㣬ȫͳ⡣Ӵĳһҽ뿪̤벽ˡ˹Ļص
ţֻҪ˵ܵȷشҲֵģҲӦˡ⻰ɫĵͷ
ãǬ仰ĳҲ޺֮ˡ˵ܣǵʥϲǶʮǰǻλϣѾһûɵġһɺ˵ز֪õĴܡ
ʲôǼٵģûɵģȻѿʼ²Էܣ㻰ﻹסˡ
ǬҪΪĳǺܣǰʵ֪ˡҲ֪ĳԭǻְ֮ˣ֮ǡճʳ尲̩εһЩ¼б鷢
ǰЩ¼ãϾʥʢ꣬彡޲Ҳ֮顣ƫƫǰͻȻʥСһԴ첻𣬲´ϢҸʮպ󣬲õؼ¼ʱҲû̫⣬ֻΪΪϴ󲡵飬Լ¼һ㡣˭֪ҵϷ¼ʱȴҳзһݸֽ֮ˣǵΪŵУλ˵ڷǰסҹĿûϴһ˱һ˰Ḷ́Ż˹ȥȴһȺò£һأͳġΪֽλдҲܴæֻ˵˵մΡ棬ȴǽȥһǼߵĻʦ֪¡ΪҲţֽлᵽöϱƬ˻ʹĳҽȡøǼʦȥ١һ˵Ŀвǿ־֮ɫˡ
Ȼɫ糣ͬԾѡ
ҿǸֽȻŵĲᣬҲȫŵġһδúΰ취빬һ˵ʱ򣬹ȴȴϢҵʱ֪λԶ벻ˣĵֹպҵһڽ˹У˵طڳöָɫۡһõҹױһ֪СؤһöƬĻдһţӽһʦСһҾ˵ʦȫϰٿˣһҹ֮ȫնɱ˸ɸɾϢΪˣʱĳ͢ŭ֮£ϴ˵ʱһ飬СԱǣԴصġ͢ųϢ˵͢һаڳɱʦ飬ⳡ粨ƽϢˡӴ֮ȴٲҽ¸ߵڶˣʣµһöҲ˸еһ֮أͬû˿ҪǣΪǣ½˴²úУг͢䶯Ի귨ҽ˵˳Ҷ뻹һֱеġһ֪һȫ˳
˵ڸлöˡ¶˼ɫ
ȷˣտƾ£Ҳ˱֤ġɣͷҸʦȥһˣһߺý˽ӳһ߼öȡһ˼˻ص
УǾɡˣ˵ٰģǽӵǰԱһ£ڻϺǰʲôͬ𣿡ʲôһ䡣
»δк̫쳣֮ģʲô֮ͬ⼸ƺϳǰһЩҶүӹҲԽԽˡЩǽıģҲŴܣҲ޷仯ġһ˵Ļص
ãˡǾͷɡΪ˲ע⣬ò뻻һ²С˼һº󣬵ͷ˵
֮ȻһĨʱ׹һ󣬾һʮ߰ģһӡ
ִгһһɫԼϺ󣬾ͽһֱ׸ӡ
ŴĿɿڴһѹæҵҲ·
ʱȴӻһɫ裬һ꣬һ󣬾ͽַĩȫͿϡ
ʱԭƤһ±Щڴֲ
ͷȻһ
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УӦòˡ¶֮ɫĵͷתɽһ߶ȥ
ùͺͺ°ͣһҲæȥ

ʱ֣һͨլԺǰΪӵ
һʱǰ͵λҲı֮ˣ˾ڲԶȻǿ̵ڸһã˿󣬲Ŵ
顱顱ԭյĴһ¶һ̽ͷ̽ԵС
˭үСԭЩʲôϸһ˺󣬲ʧˡ
С㣬λ˶ڸ𣿡ȴһɵ˵
ү˶˶ڸУոջ̸үءС˼æһãй˵
ã˶ھͺáϳȥͷҾҪõġ˲˼ķԸ
ǣСȥ졣СԣæӦһĳȥˡ
ԼֱլԺȥ
Ƭ̺լӾɧ

ʱִŷɳ۶Źٵǰһȥ
»ָģǰһУаһöĴָСɫƬĳ˼֮ɫ
˾ڶ洦ȴĹ֮ɫ
뿪ʮ֮Ӧþ㰲ȫˡҲҪˡϾһĵĹ粻ǳ͢һ㲻뿪ʮ֮ġָһɫƬһģĲˣͬʱ˵
Ҳ˴šǶľ֮ĳһһ֪ʲô³ġԣм˵
ûʲôֻǺװˡӴԶ߸߷ɣȴһҪġȴ̾һ˵
⻰ʲô˼һ⻰Ȼһ
˴뿪󣬾һֱڿиǵġûв´ĻӦҲǽеǿˡɫ˵
ҪǺãԣɫˡ
ģҼȻ˵Ҫ뿪ȻʳԵġֻҪˣҲˡÿɷ˵һӳһڶºһһжĳȥˡ
Ƭ̺ڰɵĸ߿УһĴ䡣


186 
Ҳǽ䣿ڿˡ
ӣӽĴͳ֮һյ±棬˵³һԲͬ׵ѣһʱ͵дһ󺺺ȻһЦ˵ԭȱ鵴Ȼ޴ˡ
Ŷ˵²Ϊһˣһ⻰ɫ΢΢һ
ٺ٣Ѿ˱ߵݣǳ͢صСɫֵԳġѷģȻ˺йϵǰУֻҪ֣Ҿͱ֤ûȥҵ鷳һЦ˵
Ϊ¶ġȻҲǱȥΣʡýٵٵˡɨ·һһۺ󣬵˵
Ȼû⡣ɣӺԥ˵һʹ߶»ƵԶһƬСһɶȥˡ
·˼ҲһĽ˹ȥ
Ƭ̺˾Ͽٴңңˡ
Ӽˣ΢΢һ˵СˣĳʵͨȴͨһЩƳֻ֮ҪֵܹסҵĹƳ棬ⳡд¾ϲˡ
䣬ֲŲæĸԴһֻƤףһƤһץȥٵһ
ʱ԰ټƵı̷ɳһӿֶΧŴ·費
˫ĿһУҲͿЩɳģһֻֻŴıѣֻ϶βʹͬʱһɫ̣ʮֵ
ȥ
һͺȣָһ㣬Ƴһ»ΪƵıһ˶
üһʱǰһ֣۳ųɫһ󣬾ͷХĳƷȥ
䡱䡱䡱죡
Ż׼ȷޱȵĻ˳ϣΪƵĽû˽ȥ
ɫ˿ûɣзһ䣬߰öƾոֶˡ
ΪӼԼƳ汻ưû¶֮ɫǷ𵭵Цݡ
Ȼһ̣ƿһ죬ЩƳһЩ֮⣬Ȼȫδӡ
Ԥϣ˾ͫҲ΢΢һзһ߶ǰоͻΪһļ
顱顱һ󣬷оͻΪһն˳ϡ
ǳǰ漸ֻܲıһƳȴһɢıܿ˵ĳ˶
ˣɫһȻһһɫ̽иֶֻһ趯ʱһɭȻӰƾǰֶˡ
ֻдѣѾȻóˡЩƳȻ㲻ֵܵҲҪһֹƳСһӦ潣Ӱ̺Ŀֲܺ޷򶨵æһһߡ
ЩѰƳʱһٺ󣬷׷׵һɻˡ
ͬʱִƤץһһ׶
Ȼһֻͨĺɫ׳棬ȭͷСģһ񶯺󣬾ͻΪһڹֱ
½ȻһɫӰһ֮£ͽ˼׳뵽С

һɭȻնɫ׳ϣ˽ײĶᣬӲƾնİ׺⣬׳澹ȻȻ
ͷƳΣѵ˵磬ˮ𲻽ĵزһ޷˺ֺġӼˣЦ
𣬼Ȼ޷ն¾ͽסɡ˻Ŀɫһ󣬺Ȼֱһģһֻƾ˿˿У̽뽣ӰУһѾץס˺ɫ׳档
ɫ׳һһţҪֱݺһҧȥ
ʱץסȻһεɫâ֮һһ㺮ƾڼ׳ֶ˲һ޴ˡ
һһ׶һֻɫ̽һҪһնȥ
飡ⳡд裬ˡƳʲô£±Ƴ֮ԭȵʮ֮һɰõһġӼΣȴһæ˵
˻źٺһЦԭնһȻһ࣬һ±˽һĶȥ
һ죡
鵱ȥˡ
ӼˣһɣԶԶĵһУͽƾ㵽ԼУһһƻһܶƬ̼Ϳʼڽ
ǺֶΣȻʱҵƳڣһͨӦóԱ׶ɣƺСɾ˰ɣͷƳҲıסһʩһ˵
ѺղֶεȷǱ׶仯ġѿɻƳ棬ҪҪȥÿɷĻص
ˡĳȻƳ棬޷дϵġͨǰıԣѾ϶ѵȷһĺͽʿˣĻٶֵıҪˡֶͨǿϼ볯͢һͳ֮λʮа˾ܲġôѿȤӽм׳ӱнȳ󣬾Цеĳʵ
䣿²ˣѾڰӵοһְˡһɫҡҡͷ
ǰӵĿ䣬̨ү̫ϧˡүǽǣһ治ȥڵġȻҲǿˡˣ֪մúһ佻ᣬȥĶһЩ˲õļһҲ಻Ķ֡ѿȤμӵģ¶ϧɫһʲôһ䡣
Ǭ佻Ļ»ЩȤġ֪ʱУ⻰һĻص
Ҫ°ɣϾһЩѲ֮ˣҪطġһȤһĻص
ãһ׼ʱμӡ˼Ļص
ܺãҵʱǬѵһ£ǰȥġԣܸ˵Ļص
ȻҲлһ
ʱ䣬޸ǵ򳵶һɶȥˡ
Ƭ̹ͣڹٵϵٴǰɳ۶ȥˡ
ϿգԶȥĳӣһ˼ı顣
ϴ治Ѿ沼죬ֻҪ棬ҶٳĻʵǿҲѷɵġ
кȻһɻӻ
ĳŴϵзɳӰģ󣬾͹Ȱͣߴ
λ͵ܣҽ沼·ֻΪһ׼ĺֶѡʵ֮ˣ˭˵ʮսµġһܵˣҶҪˡؼǣΪҪȥˣȥ˵ġӵȻĻص
³ֵĶһƵĿӣȫһͷɢʮָ⣬һְռɭо
ǰϴͳʱ򡭡һԣЩˡ


187 κͶ̫
ߣһﲻ֪ӻЩϹеõʲôȻͬʱչ棬ȴٲ顣˵顣ǰǴѶĻ赱ġ̶ˮԽԽˣһǿУϹϵĻԺȴ˵дõġӺһĻص
ԭϴ˴ģҾүǱߵĿ䣬ⲻʲôɡһȴмصҲʵ
ֻǰӵĿ䣬ӺүԺΪģ㲻ˡȥֲ̰һ°Ƿ¼һǬ¿䣿ӵһԸ
ǣһͷ̾ͷԸȥһڵĴӦ
ղᵽүҵˣǰŽ븮˵̽ӣôˣϢʲôʵ
ϴǸ̽Ѿûϵˣǰɽȥһ㣬ѾˡһԣЦһĻص
ߣλүǽĺܣǰǰɽȥ̽߰˰ɣһҲֻϰѣϢ˼ˡԣɫʱ
ϴүΪ͵Ҳϳ¶ˣΪҪעλġҪ֪ϾΪϴλ´֮ˣһϸ״ĻȻ壬Ҳ䲻һðɡһȴЩֵһ䡣
ţԭЩʱٸǵġȻҲǰ˵һ°ɡ֮λġΪҽӵ߱λүһġᡯйأ䱾ܾĄ̊́һ󣬾ͻ˵һĻ
ʲôᱳү
ҪˣҳԱ˳ŵģ᲻ͣȥȥܲ̽ʲôϢǴҪģֻǸλүѣ֪ڶ䲻ҪúŪʲô˻ȥѡһʿպͽСӺٺһ˵
ڳԾȻҲĴӦһˡ
֮Ҳڴ˶ͣʲôö·úõķ󣬾ʹڿһɶˡ
һʱһһɶվ֮˺Ȼǰ뿪
ڵһ˶ǽǼߺ󣬲·ص
Ͽ˼Ȧǿ·ֽɨ󣬸ӦвһЩƲ󣬵ЦһҲ뿪
ͬһʱ䣬ûʵһĵУһɫ۵ӣƴڵϴͣԭ֮ףŤиֳһööСɫƬͬʱͷޱȣ˫ĿͫҲɵ֮ɫˡ
顱һ
һ˶ɫβһ˦Ϻݺһĺ󣬾ͽ쳣ӲʯҵķһƬ
ɫǱֵʹޱȣֺݺץڸϣȻһĿĵѪۡ
֪˶ãһ鴤Ȼһɺ󣬾ſڵϲֻʣ´ڴڵĳشϢ
ٺ٣֮ʹĻѪ˵ֻһαһʹࡣ֪ˣֺαصءҴźȻһ߽һƲʮӺһװԸ߹֮
ǵϣʹǺҩһҲԼȥġһܡһβһģ»Ϊ˫㣬ǿվޱȡ
һСռ޾ĺ˵ǲֵһġ⺢ûȥǺ壬֪֮󣬲ŻֿЦ뷨ҪһͼıҲЩλװİһӣͣҩֻǸһССĽѵѣǧһЩΪǵˡҡҡͷ˵֮Ųæһ
ǴϵˣʵΡ
ȴǵʵĸĶ̫
˴˿Σ˿¶һ֮ĽϢ
ǵʲôͼıȻʮǰͲȦסѾӦˣǲҲøһЩǵļƻ˰ɡɫһ粻󣬿ʵ
ʲôͼı֪顣ҪģǾЭһЩҪԱְλ֪Ļǵ˾ˡһҪȷһʲô䣬־Ҷ͸з˴ӵ顣̫ɨԼһۣص
ߣЩҲ֮һѾ˼ˡѵ⻹𣿡ԣЩŭˡ
ȻҲҪһϹԱṩ˵βС֪Щ꣬ǰˣʵлЩ㣬򵱳Ҳ͵͵ϵڵļʹˡҪҶЩСֶΣáΪڼʹǳģ˰ˡ»㱻㻵˴¡̫Цһ˵
Ҳû뵽ӱˣȻҳ֡Ͳº󱻲Ҳ޷ס𡣡һ˵
ӣ㵽ڻҶСۣҲ˭Сġ㲻Ҫ˵֪λѲǱ˵ˡ̫һ˵ȴЦ
¹ȻҲ㡣˵飬Ҳĺˡԣɫһˡ
ҵȻ֪һȻԸ˳ǮȻҲ֮õˡ̫ÿɷĻһ䡣
һ䣬ǼλʲôˡԴӱջıչ֮󣬾Ҷ޷ټһˡγĬƬ̺󣬲̾Ϣһʵ
ģЩʲһдõģȡġΣҲ˶١ʱվǺߣҲɲˡ̫΢΢һЦˡ
һ⻰ʲô˼΢΢һ
ûʲôԺȻ֪ˡϴϵڵӵ飬Ѿҵĵˡǻеڶ鷢ĻҪ˵ҩûˡҿҪ˼ʧһȡȥĻʵˡҲ֪ǼٺͿںѪݣЩܽΪЩŻĻʵ𡣵ʱűѶĹͣ³ҲĳǵǺִ˴˹ȻҪһʵЩ已˵ģѪȻѵѡˡڿµʵۣʲô˵ȫ˵ˣҲһȰ㡣ĻͲҪҲĸ֮ˡ̫ɫϾ˵⼸仰󣬾ͽһСƿӵϣٴ뿪ˡ


188 
һСƿЩŤ֮󣬻ǳ̾һĽ𣬲еһɫҩɿ¡
ԭ쳣԰׵ףƬ̼ͺͬʱ룬ͷͫɫҲ˺ɫȫָˡ
ԭ뽫Щ߼ˮһʲôתڿһ˿ϣûˣֻܸЩһ·ȥˡֻϣԺչ˵ɡָ̧˫֣ǰ۲Ƭ̺󣬻ε䡣
֮λʵۣ޾ɵҴţľȻ˳ȥ

ϣԼסľϣаöɫƬ˼ı顣
ȻöƬϿʲô϶֮ǿ϶ġ
ʮа˾Ųٵġ
ڷֵĵʵۣȻһ˴ڣ⻹һЦɨˡ
Ҳˣ׽Ϣڵġ
ϾгһöƬ⣬κ֤ݣһʲôط󣬳ʲôأͬġ
Ǹ߳岻úͿܳΪʦܽԱԷġ
˼ú󣬻ǾʱϢѹ£ҵ֤ݣȷϴţڴشѶ
СԼһ˼ʧٵ飬ǲҲʹʲôϵ
Ƭһն󣬲˼
ļڣʱ伸ȫ·УеҲһЩΪõĵҩͷֵ̫ȴûҵ
Ҳѹ֣
۹ңһ㶫ȷ䷨ˡ
һգոմӷлסʱȴͻȻӴ߳ǮһסЦе˵ǬɻˡһϢ֪Ըһ
ȻǺ£᲻ġһЦ
ǺǣϢǷӴʦԸӼˡһηʦƳһҩ׼ڱӾٰԲԸӼҵȵġ֪ڿʱ䣬ΪϢصĳЩҵھȥʦⵤҩٳʲôֻҪ˷ʦµҩΰɹİֻһֵġǮʮ˷ܵ˵
ڣ֪Ǯ⣬ͬȥ𣿡һϿһ䡣
ûˣڸǱߵ飬Ҫؿⷿ޷ġǮ˼˵
УȻҺͶһɡһ󣬾ֱӵ˵ͷ
ǮԴϲæԸһ׼ͺȥˡ
һʱǮ˾ͳһɽ·֮ϣȥ
λʦȻҲסϼɽϣʮֵĴˡһߴܾɫһ΢Ц˵
Էʦ裬ȻܽԼǹƿ֮µġϼɽԪŨΪƧҲһĺõطǮȻֻһûķ˵ģýĺУ˿ƣ֮ɫ
⵹Ҳǡʦϡ̶ȣǽԼΣ֮ػ¾Ǳ˰ǿҲ̫ϡ顣λӴʦסϼɽó͢ռ˲ٱ˰ɡԣ˵Ļص
Ǭ֮ˡȷΪӻʦĴۣÿ궼ҪһЩҩ͢ģЩڷʦﹺҩҲܱ˱ôһɡǮһЦĻص
ͷ¶Ȼ˵ı顣
һٷ󣬶һƬͱ£ͱһʯţڷһͷʨ
ǰһ಻ԶһľͤԼʮϢ
ĿһɨͿЩ˴ͽҲǷ֮
Щǡʶһ䡣
ùǡЩ˲ʦѧϰʦʦĳЩҩġһ£ʦġǮȴϰΪĻص
ţʹͱʯȥһӵġ顱顱ֱߵš
Ƭ̹ʯһ߳һݰסͷСͯ
λǣͯӴһۣſʵ
°ӵǮͷʦѾԼùˡǮЦ˵
ԭǮʦԸˡǮĻֱͨӴˡͯԣ¶Цݵ˵һ࣬ó˵·
ǮˣȻлһ֮˽ȥ
ľͤһ뿴֮˼ΣȻһɧ
λʦƢ֣֮ġ
Щڴ˳Ѿа֮ã̵Ҳˣһμȼ仰ܴҡڵĽʯź󣬲
ʱͯ£Ѿ߽һС
ʮɿ㣬ĽǸ԰ڷһ費֪滨мڷһ̴ľͼӣõ쳣򵥡
λԵһ£ʦҪһܹġͯӽýϣһ󣬹˵
ûϵʦҪҶȺˡǮ˵
ͯԣͷ˳ȥˡ
һŲˮһ
ǬǲǰЩеͳˣһǮȻһ仰
ţȷǼһ档ô֪µģЩ⣬һתķһ䡣
û£ֻǰЩǬ飬ǷͳġǮЦ˵
ٺ٣λͳ쵹ǸˡԣٺһЦˡ
˵λӺͳ죬ͽڴԲľ磬˵ʵǿ֮һˡǬе˰ɣǮ̽ʵ
ܷģֻǺλͳʱдһԲһЩעġɫĻص
д裡
ǮλӶ˻ȴһ
Ȼ֪һͽߣȴδܺԲ߲Ĵڡ
ԾͶ˶Щʲôʱ򣬺ȻӴƫڴһϵ
ϷҲܺ棬Ѻѵд裬֪˭Ӯ˭ˡӿǾͨƳ֮вٹƳǼΪֵġ
䣬ƫ߳һ׷ͯյİߣǸȤı顣
ʦ㵤ҩƺˡǮһߣ̴ϲæ
ĿһҲͬһȭ°ӿǬˡ
λԭλǬѣǮ㻹һ˲õĿ䡣Ȱڰ֣ȼЦ˵
Ǭȷͨ󣬻־ȹǮĳ˺Ȯӣȴȷ֪ǬʵȻ˴ֵزǮԣæЦĻص
ȷݣΪ൱֮ˣºдġǬҲͽڴԲˡһ룬һۺ˼˵


189 ȼѪ
Ϊʦˡ΢΢һЦ󣬾̹Ȼĳˡ
⻰һЩݣԱߵǮǾϲӡ
ʱ򣬰ͻȻһڴԲ䣬˵ȻϵڱĴϲ֮¡
û뵽ǬᣬΪ͵־硣ʹЩĵȣҲδزȥģԺʹʦҲδǲܵˡһ
ʦˣгʦİգͶʲôطʼ׼ˡʵεһѰҺʵɷ֮չһЩﵤҩΪԺʦܶһְաԣȴ̾һĻص
Ǭ뻹гʦĻᣬһͲ֪ɷ˶ˡɷ֮͸ʦĵҩȻټֵطҲûϣõġرǬΪӿ䣬˵ͻЩջġӹһЦ󣬾ʹк˵
ôĪϾɷֲ֮ɣԣһתǮʵ
ʦ˵ûΪᣬӵȷռɷ֮ϡһɷ֮ѹƷѾ;СǮˣֻܿЦһĻص
ܺãᣬҲҪμˡϴγŵƷҿ԰һӦİɡһϲ
Ǯĳĳŵм١ǬҪκζҶֻһ뼴ɡǮȻдʹ£һǳϵĻص
ܺã¾ȶлˡȻлһ
ԱߣЦĿһС
ˣʦδѶ˵Ƴĳָ߽׵ҩ׼ϳ֪ۡǺֵҩɷȸֺ֪͹ЧһҲ԰Ŵ¡Ǯڳ已ɫһ˵ԼĿ
ҪμĵҩȼѪƺ͵Ǯ˻ˣԲŲæĴӻȡһ֬СƿһתĴеһѪɫҩ
Ǯɫһ˹ȥѪɫҩһץ𣬷ǰϸһ飬ַڱһᡣ
˿ζûУ
λӶüͷ΢΢һˡ
ʱȴȻ˵ȼѪҰϹŵòƶˣķ˴ϡݣһ¯ֻƳŶѡ˵ҲֻзĳһܹƳˡЧȴǶʱڿԼһȫѪ䷨һ±ʱǽĳ֮ࡣ
ʲôⵤҩΪĳɣ֪άֶ೤ʱ䣬кκûУǮһϾץסؼ֮ʵ
ٺ٣Ҫ֮ǿˣͬ侫ѪЧҲͬģάһʱ䣬ǺʵġںȻҲһЩˡǾΪѪΪ𣬻ᵼ·֮Ժʱڶ쳣һЩ̫һ˵ЧεġȻֻҪºӵѪ²ϺЩ֢״ͲˡӲ˼˵˿ûȼѪȱ֮
˵ʦ˵ȻʲôˡչǵҩƷӻҪ֤һ󣬲ġʦ°ɣǮԣ¶һ˿˷ܵ˵
˵ȼѪЧģֵ֮߿֪ˣҲΪѹƷ֮һġ
ûϵҲ֪ĹһȼѪǮȴȥ顣ǴֵҩҲֻŶѣÿһŶϡ쳣Ǽ飬𻵴˵ҩԡһҲ͵ͷ˵
лʦ¡ʦģ֤ҩҩԵ粻֪ٱˣֻȡ˵ƤһЩĩģ𺦵ҩġӴϲ˵
ܺãҶ԰ҲʮַģǾ˵ˡӵ˵
ǮȻлСĽöȼѪװСƿװá
ǶλûĻϷͲˣ׼ȥȥһЩҩȥƷһ󣬾˵Ϳɫһ䵭˼֡
˵ƢЩŹ֣Щٵġ
ԣȻʶһۡ
΢΢һЦŲæĳһȭ˵ѣǬĳǮʵһģ֪ѿɷԸһ
ŶˣȻᣬǬһͽԲͽȻֲͬˡϷһġ˺ЩĻص
ǮɷȻرһ¡£뵥ͷʦ̸һ̸ġԣת׳Ǯ˵
ǺǣȻûġɣǮĳȵղ·ǼƫȺһ£Ǭ̸ֱ֮ȥҾˡǮ˼˵
ûз֮⣬һԸٻһֱȺͯӣǮ뿪
ˣʲôֱӺ˵ˡϣǬ˵飬˷ҵʱ䡣ӵǮͯӰſڲ˫Ŀһеĳ˵
һ֪ʦϵãһЦһָװСĶֱӵ˹ȥ
ϷȿһףǡԭĵĽ˹Ⱦָ΢΢һ󣬲ЩԾĵ׿֮ģ󣬵΢΢
ǶȻһС鵭ɫճõ˵ǿϢһС֡
ʦϳˡǶԵʦ˵Ҫ֮ĽϢǷҪϸһ£Ƿ󣿡ˣɫ˵
ñˣҵҲõǮϢԶû󣬳ɫҲԶԶ硣ȷǽϢ١Ǭѣ˵ɣ㵽ʲô飿ֻҪ㽫Ϣңǵҩʲô顣ҶһڴӦָ쳣Ľɫճ󣬺ԥ˵
˿̵λպʦĿоǻ֮ɫˡ
ҵҪܼ򵥣ϣָǬĳһĿһ˵
ʲôѧϰǬҲһʦӶʱԾ
ȻһЩĵ伮ȴδӴġ̹ȻĻص
ǵѿ֪֮ޱȣûʵĻЩһ֮˵޷˵ŵġ˺ɫЩѿˡ
½Ҳһ飬㳣ʶ᲻֪ġΪĳЩԭǬĳѧϰܹ֮ȫһ̾һ˵
ߣѿ֪Ϸϵ츳жߣѧϰˣֽĳɾͣʲôԭһȰǬѷͷɡҿʲھ磬ֺοٷѧϰȥһܿһ޳ɵ³ʱͺĪˡ״ؿ˵


190 
лѺ⣬ѾˡȴĻص
ȻҪѧϰҲǲСϷҪԼ²Уһ޷Ȱüͷһ󣬿һ˵
Ѿ˵ɫ˵
һҷȻҳǴһˣҲѷɫרЩʦҪѧϰһϢġӶ˵
Ȼһ鲻ټһΣнʣģȫˡüһһȻһǰСһȦĽɫճһ׶
ȻʣĽϢĻҲˣҲǿѧϰıˡڶ֮ޱȣҲ⣬Ȼѧϰ֮ƽָֻཻ꣬ѧȫˡһޣҾٶഫˡɫ˵
ԭֻѧϰģʱ㹻ˡҲиҪ󣬷ѱħģҴڵĵ˿˽ĿһͬĻص
Уû⡣ʻЩⷽ顣ѧϰһʮҩ飬ϰʱ趫ṩ밴м֧ʯСһ䣬ҪΪһʦϰǱزٵ飬ĳ˵츳ҪҪĶࡣϾо츳Ҳ˷һЩѡʯ϶ҲһĿһ׼ûĻӼÿ¿죬һרųʱָġӰ׵˵
һֻ죬ǲ̫һЩ״ԥһ¡
ƽҲеƵҩܳʱѾҵļˡǲӦϷҲû취ġҡҡͷ˵
ðɣɡºͷѾ˵ˡɫ仯һҲͳһĴӦ
ܺáֻҪ츳ҲҲ֧һֱϰȥĻʱ䣬ҲԽ֮ĴˡӼˣ¶һ˿Цݵ˵еĽϢһնˡ
ʱ䣬Ȼûж˼ٶ˼䲻ҪõϢй¶ȥ󣬾뿪ˡ
һٷǮ߳˷ӵĶţֱľͤĿɽȥˡ
Ȼڴ֮ǰλӶӦָϢȻҲǷ˺һĿҲһЩ
˷ǮǮ̿ʼټӵĵʦʼǿŴȼѪ
صס󣬱Ų
ڣͬδ뿪סƺȥһֱȵʽʼΪֹ
ǵʱϺǮȴصͬʱס
ʲôѺƷĳһĵطԾʵ
һѺƷĶУүһӰдӷֵ䣬ټȥӦ䣬ͽ֮࣬ԭΪһʧġû뵽ԷټָǿֱֻһƷ֮һĳɷ֧šҪһһͷ䣬͵͵ɳ˰ΧǰšڻҪڹеġʣҲֻо۱¥ˡ׵˵
Ƕ˼ǡĿ΢΢һ󣬳Ǯʵ
Ϊ¾۱¥İϷϻڸпؿⷿѾȥһˣүٽһӰЩ»ͷǬҲһˡúְ취ֻܽƷסΪ´ˡǮõ˵
û⡣Ϊӿ䣬ԴȻԹ۵ġʲôʱһ˼󣬾һڴӦ
ȵүӰ»ҪЩʱУǱ޷֧ȥˣǬһɡӰҲϹȥ֧ԮġǮЩǵ˵
УͳˡԣͷĴӦ
ǮȻϲ˵Щʲôʱ򣬺ȻԱӰһһС˵ϣֱ۱סȡ
塱
ȴǬСѾͷСǵ֮ɫ
ģֻһС£ȥȥͻġԹˣСѾͷͷ΢Ц˵
ҲǳԶһΣǬҧҧ촽󣬻Щɿֱۡ
ƾֶŮܰģǬͨһλԲκġǮˣҲæЦ˵
Ǭȴ˼ĻȴСһƲĲᡣ
ǮֻܸЦĲٶ˵ʲôˡ
ȻһЦСѾͷ䣬˳ӱ׼ȷص󣬾ƮȻ뿪ӡ
һӺһϣĳٵֱĳȥ
ȻѾ߶˼ޣٶлڵġ
а̾һȷӦѰһʵķĳֿЩķж
ţʹӻһŷӭһκ󣬾̻Ϊû·С
ۡһ
ԭڵĺƣٶһ˱ϣֱǰȥ
ȴЩʹа˼ŹзʯȥһҪǮλӶҪС
СʱԶԶǰٵмᵹڵϣԱߵĶһЩƥȿͨĻƥͷ򶼱һնصѪС
ˣ˫Ŀһһʱºһܵһ༤ȥˡ
һɳԶȥʱ·ĳƬʯкȻƿһ죬зɳһһ磬ֱһ
һߣһɫ̽һ֣·Էɿһն
ۡۡһӭͷϡ
һɫһ
򼸸ͷһԷֳԭΣȻһںɫɲһڻɫС
ãǸ߽ͽ
·ʯȴһ´˾֮ӰһΣһһƶ𣬲ͬӶȥܲˡ
ߣȻˣǾͲҪˡ
ˣȴȻһɷ˵һ½һһɫͬʱһֻһɫһŵļ
˼˴ʧɫһæͳһСܵһףһ˲һŷӿֳ׹⡣
СӭһεĻΪС˺棬׹ȴΪһֵĻסʩ֮ˡ
һ̣ɫоһȫն˶ϡ
ֻһ죬˲䱻նʮ飬ǰĶ˸һҽк󣬱ɫзֳ߰˽ء
ʱɫҲһ¿նһߵĹϣɭȻһ½ʩ֮û˽ȥ


191 
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һΣֻɳʮغ󣬾ͿǰڵСɽͷм䰼µһĶȫһƬӿİɫסˡ
վа˾װʿֱֳָնʲô
ЩбжеâȻȫǵͽʿ
ԶЩĵطʮֳǿӲľš
ɽͷ֮ϣ߰˵ӰվͬųһſŻ򣬻ųһеĹš
ÿһΪ֮Сɢһ֣ϵߵʱƬѾ쳣еӰԼɼˡ
λѺαڼȥ˵ҵȺͼλûʲô˽ֻǴΪˡλǿڰ֣Ѻ˵Ϸ򻹿λѰȻ뿪ġһƯɽͷϿյĸߴӰȻЦ˵
Ӱ˺Ȼһߣߣһɫľϻ
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ʱһʱǰ۶һ߰˵ɫǰ
ʱǰҽЩ𾯽ʿ߰бնƬ
ʣ֮˼ˣ󾪷׷תɽͷ񱼶ȥֱǰ
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ߣҪĴ֮ˣ¾ͲطˡҲģ˭·Ҿɱ˭ԼÿҶ֣Ƴ˵һۣޱ˵
ôĿһ治֪ӿиԴڡ֣úһְɡԴŭת׳ԱߵһƲ˵
𼱡εģ;û𣿡ȴĿһתʮСĵһ䡣
Ŷ˵ԭ˰ɡ͵ϮңѾնɱɱˣԣһһ˷ɲһڷɵǰֶ˵
ʲôɱ˽Ѷˡԭӣһ⻰ɫʱΪ֮һ䡣
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˿β˼ͬʱһƤзɳԲ
һ󣬾ȻΪͷСɫݣͷСֻС
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ֻüһϺΪ֮ӿиɫֻûӲĵס˺Ĺ
ֻɫľҲҲƵķɵ˽ǰֻ˿ûͣ٣ԾΧɿתͬʱſڣһˮΪߵļ
ֻľݿܷһ빥ʱںɫֱеҲˡ
ֻһϣһ֮󣬺յİɳľͷиֶһͷоͻΪһߵǰһʧ
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һ߻ڴ߶зĿӣ򼸺ԼпһĻ
ʵȻܱһЩ˵̧־ľնɱ˵ȻǸҲ顣
һֲڣֶͬζԸԼĻҲûܹʱµġ
֮µĿӣһͺȣȻǴһɢַͬɿд
ʱЩ黯Ϊһöö޴ĵΧһһɫĻ䳹׻С


192 ˵
ԶĻȴһȻľ͵ԶС
Ӹոմɽͷͬ鷢ȵĴһĻһһЦ˵ҲһʱܹƵġֶΣҲκβҵġ
ʱǱɽͷӰζʣ¼ͽȫͣ˶Ĺߴϲ׷ڿնһɶ
ֻǵһЦȻǰһۡһǰһֶɿ۳һų򣬲̼ӭǣΪ޴ȻȻɫĻݺһ׶ȥԼȴ˲䵹ء
Բ
һ˾һڹĻȻ첻ˣֻŭһһſڣžѪû뵽ǰĻ֮С
ʱɫĻһӿֳѪ˿
䡱һ
޴һڹϣƺƴıѶ˲û˷ԲڵһУһϢ˷һ
Ϲ߼ĻɫΪ֮һ
Ƭ̼乤󣬿лΪ֮һɢ𣬴ֳ˱污ޱȵɫĻ΢΢ƺʱһӡ
Ȼɫ԰ޱȣȻδˣһԼºԶĴЦ
Ȼû¡ǴԲҲκβҵġ
˻һڣȻǰһһɭȻ˿һնɫĻֻһ죬ͻΪѶ
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ֻӲһһͷ­͹µµĹˡ
ʱŽնɫ̽һնأĿԶɹͽ
ϰͨʿŵԶԶ˿ҿ߷ֺˡ
ԲĻǺֶΣǺͽõҲƷɡôδܹлиĿ䡣ͽһնɱ˿Ӷ˺϶ֳ˳ɺηɫΨ߻򶨵Ļʵ
ǬĳȷǲǰŸոռӵġӣǴ򲻴ÿҪȥˡޱĻص
ߣȻ³ŷĽǿ϶Ҳ׶༪ˡʱڣҵǰǰͬ鶼նɱˣ¾ô»ưո𣿡ԣȴŭЦ
Ȼжˡ֪λǴ򵥴һֻսһҿĳʮа˾ҲһͽӦöԼʵЩŰɡƬ̺󣬺ȻЦ
սһƾһˣһ֮üͷһ塣
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һĻͽɫһףҲɫ䡣
ƾЫģ˭Ҳ֪Բ֮
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һٺ٣û⣬ѳְɡٺһЦ󣬲ÿɷ˵
ߣСˡ
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̽һת󣬶ʱɫӰһӿȻһǺ󣬾ͻΪһʵɫԲµĸֶ˺档
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ߵһУʮڷо˲伤أĿڷɨһۺɫȻһ˵תˡ
ͽˣЩ⣬ĻһۺҲ̸ȥ
ϰʿʿǡ䡱һȸſеͬһ¡
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ʱĿƬһȥ

ϣľȥˡ˵Ļɲú;ŻӽġϾŻӼΪжġһʮĺ󺺣һ߶»Ƶĵߺ󣬾ѹʵ
ߵĻѵϷʹƴɣ˭ԸȥסˣʱȥңҲһʱ̿ƿģҵȼԷԮֻԽԽ࣬ʱ߿¶ˣУ֮ԶģϷȫӦԣҲǶֵġбƳ˺һۡЦ˵
˵ЦˡղһȻûЧֲֶֻ㡣ԷͣȻͬΪͽһôġԣæЦ˵
ߣ֪ʲôβ˵˻ɡȴһ󣬵ľϻһץץһڷУпһǰһΡ
ǡһ󣬲һ
ֻǿ污епϣȻһСĻڡ
𣬶ԷΪֶ˵ãǿڶ̽ʮƷϷ̷ܹӲ´ˣβʮа˾Ҳסġ˵
ȻƷһʦӵеģû뵽˾ȻӵֱǸղһ֣ܲܡ૵˵ϲ¶һ˿̰֮ɫ
֪ʲôҲˡ˲ʵǿԱͷϢҲʮ־ˣһͬΧҲκβ˶ԷġҪǣǽжһͽǿŻһǰӿ䣬үǱߵ֡ͻȻһǿ֣ŻҲ̫ǵġȴԥĴ˴󺺻
Ͻѵǣ¸ղŵȷЩˡһ飬æһȭĹ˵
ߵͷͲ˵ʲôĽжһնԹԵļǰȥˡ

һУʱֻյɫľݿƾ㵽˽ǰȻһͻȻľݱĳ͹λһơ
һֻľݿܵһε»ΪɫԲ
΢΢һЦԲһնȥʬ崦ټһʱԶƬȴȻһ֣С߳һ


193 
ˣֻɨһۣԹԵĵһץǴŵ׹ķת㵽УԹԵĴͷʬϷһЩʯҩ֮ĶȫԼС
֮´һ飬δӰ󣬲ŴһȥæһдȥȻþηĿ⿴ԶԶһȭʵлλѳ֪ѿү֮ˣ
ҲʮӣһװһڳΪӡ
үȻǣѵǰûҺǵĶԻǬȷǰӿ䣬ֻǲż벻áǷǮ֧ԮģٹһүӦҲ͵ˡʱѾʬ϶ѹϣվŲæĻص
ʲôǬǰӵĿ䣬»ΪǰֻǺŪЩһġ°ຣҲǰӿ䣬һפֵ괦ԣϲ˵
Ŷԭǰ׵ѣ֪ôˣѺ֮ûгɣͷҲ¶һ˿ЦݵĻص
ǺǣǬֲõġ֮ҵȶЯģȻģֻѸַڷĹҪʱϢһʱ䣬޷ϾͺǬġ
ԭˣǬĳͲõˣȺһ°ɡ
ȻԷ˵Ŀ쳣е֮ȻĳȻ˵
Ҳѹ֣ԷǰδͼԼȻܵƾһ֮ʵľͷſġ
ʱ䣬λຣڷϥ£һûһ
ຣһûӲ֮⣬̾Ͷǰ˵֮˰˾ų֮࣬ڼǰڷѾչһ֮նɱǿУߵȴеΣȻη֮ģ鼸֪޲ˡ
ʱ֪һѺƷĶ飬ǰٵȱعٵеʿùԵĹһЩӰһ¾ͱɱ˴֮ߵ˲ŴͽӸ߿һͬϮ
Է˶ߣֻĸͽȻ޷ֵģֻܴʣ֮ٵһһߵ֣һ߱ߺˡ
ӵǿʺϲĵط˲ŴæƷеһ죬ٶȲ
ʱǼ˴ˣӰǰ׷ɱ˴ˡ
ҹʱ򣬵ûпʲôʬ壬ʰɾˡˣ׵ѿѾȷЩ˵ˡǾ۱¥𣿡һ䡣
϶˾ǾŻıˣҲǾŻ֮ˡຣԣЦһ
ԭˣ׵Ѻαؾɥô˵ЩƷѾ𣬲һͽҲʧСˡһЦ˵
Ǭ˵ʹһξŻӺ;۱¥͵ʴˣ˴ʧǰóһʱˡаһȻ߳һʮķһ󣬾ͳһȭ˵
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ǺǣĳͨǬǰ¶Ѹղ¶ˣԶԶġڰֵ˵
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ຣæһ󣬶ʱʹϲĽеүˣ
ߣ˻ҪǬּʱϵ˵Ѿ޷֧ȥˡȴɫ̫ÿ˵
ʱɫо͵˼˵ͿմӰһΣʹֱӷһһŮˣҲʮµľװʿһ浶ʮݵӡ
ף֣ѾȫˣЩٷأӷһ룬òªĴ󺺣һµӣһ
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ϾڳУֻΪİټϳǰǮҲѾǰһӿǰ֧ԮģҲǬӡ
һͬӷŮӣһʮģٸһ˫ˮһۣǰ͹̵ģԵʮֵĽ欣˿ĻͬĲɫ
ǬǰֵЩͽȷѾˡˣ治ɫ˵
ľǬһ֮ǻ˵ģª´ۺȻĳ֮ɫ
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һȻΣʱһ֮նɱԷͽ˺Ȼϲӵлѡ
ʱĳªӺٸҲǰ֮κλˣĿⲻһ˿ηˡ
ֻǺ˵˼󣬾͸ǵĻصԼס
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һ£Ȼø˴֮£׷׼עһоٶ
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һգ·еһ޽ڵʮľ޴УۼǧƵߡ


194 
ڴһǴԹ۵ĴŴڶߣϺޱ飬ͷ϶һɫ񣬽ڱס˴롣
֮ԻһȻΪ˼ƷǮ˵أԷʲôⷢ
Ȼ˵ҵ飬ǽƲֵܳġ
Ϊͱʦĸַƣʦһס¶һʱ̶޷ƿ˵صؽơ
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в˶һĻȺˡ󲿷˻ǱվڴܣһЩĻ֮ͽ
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ֻһ׹һ¯һͬʱһɳľƾʯ̨ϸֶˡ
˾һЩ߷ᡰסĳԾ֮˻޶Եı顣
Ȼһ˵ණʦ֮˲ܲݣһЩ֮ԱܿΪģǰʹùֱ촢ЩмƵĶ
ຣޱվʯ̨ĽǴ˭Ҫңȹһصġ
һᣬȻҪһڳֵ֮ģȫߵУ֮ȴҪһǿʵʶǮѡ֡
ԭλ˻ǹµģʢģȻԥľܾˡ
Ϸ˭ڳĲٵѶӦö֪һġ㲻ʶҲûϵƺһЩͿˡһΰӾеᣬ¸ˡȻᣬǰӻǵһξУžôġˣλȵĲͷˣĳῪʼļ󣬾һʼˡ
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ŲŲæǰһǰһϳһ¶˺һɫС
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һǧ

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ڶƷͷǿޣоܹͨݵĻÿһͷӵвͽǿʵϽڶϳ󣬵ָɫԲ΢Ц˵
֮һģʯ̨һѵȴİ
ӷһ̨˵һץסһɫԲһףٵĳһ㡣
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;ڵӲݹܵУȴӿҲһƽ޷;;ڵĺĵᲢ۵ġ
֮İٳһ㣬»ΪһԲķŻУϢ˸̨
ͷǿֿܷÿһͷǧʯÿһμӼ۲ڶʯŴвϾδʵʱȴץסʱĿʼͷǵ
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ǧ١
ǧİ١

ͷ޵ᣬڸղűݴ̼£ҲԵʮֻ𱬷ֱǧʯǧ˰ʯǧĲͬλ˳ȥ
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ƶʮö֯οʽĳ֯ųλʲôҲΪҵߣ޷ŵĻѵѡˡ˵ɢ֯ǰҲǵһνӴֻЩƣҸ֪ʽеʱص㣬һŲġÿһƣʯģÿһμ۸񲻵һʯĿʼһֻһܺ󣬾ֱ˾ĵĿʼ
Ȼ˶ԿʮϤӣһ֮´ϲ֮ɫʼ󣬼۸һ·ǣһǧʯҼ۸ܿ˳ȥ
ˣͬ֡
νĿƾͺμڿʽʱЯһ㣬μӿʽһ
ϵЩƿɲǸŷһЩɢԼＯԴľеĿʽ
ֿʽΪԴ֮˷鲻ԵʣܲμӵͳɹȻԶԶܺͼʽȵģΪӵʿṩ˳ΪͽĿܣʶȻ۸񲻷ƣȻܵʿ׷֪˶ɢ޳֡
ڴ֮ˣʮа˾ŶַͨܳΪͽġ
ʮö˳һպЦݸ˼֣һִ̨֣Ů
ΣŮŵκڵȻȫһ޶ɫСƿ
ƷѶĶݳͬһɷӵɷ֮ĿһɨСƿĿҲ¶һ˿ȵ˵


195 Ԫɷͻս
ʲôȻɷ֮һ֮࣡һỹǲμӶˣ
һɷ֮ǰ˰ɡֻһݣΪѹƷģ
ϣɷ֮Ǻɷ

һ֮ȻһƬվ쳤۾Сƿƴѡ
ȻֻмһֲͽڣܴﵽԲĸǲȼ˶ѣҲΪ֮ˡ
Ͼɢ˵ôһɷ֣֮Ϳ˵Լһ˿ʦı֤ˡ
ежͽԲ磬ʱȻȥӿǵġ
ǼشеԲڣǾϲˣԼͬһҪһɷ֮õֵľġ
ʱϴһŮϽһɫСƿСһ󣬽һ
ۡһ
÷һƿ׺һƵϼƿһðΧСƿ߲Լɢ˿˿Ϣ
йɷ֮ãϷ˵ʲôˡݻԪɷɷ֮һ޳ɺ󲻵ʹ˵УԻԷЩܻ֮ӭĳɷˡݻԪɷֿÿһݵ׼ʯÿһμӼ۲һǧʯڿʼһݣƷһߺ󣬶ʱСƿ׹ĽƺϼһأȻŲŲæ˵
˻˵ںȴһʱ侹Ȼû˭׿ڡ
Ȼ˶ҪԪɷҲһʼĽм֮ˣûпܵõɷ֮ġ
ڴһǣɷ֮ҲȻĶ
ȻԪɷ㲻ʲôϡɷʤһγ֮࣬ȫµĻԺʦ絹Ҳ㹻ˡ
ɷ֮ڤǾ̫䣬޳ʵҲ̫洦ġ
Ҿһɷ֮пܣ뽫ȫõУǳˡ
ֻõһݵĻȴû̫ˡǮİ۳ŵֻһƷġ
һ󷭹󣬻Щԥ
ʱѾˡ
ʯ
һǧ
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Ȼɷ֮֮ڶ࣬Ĵ໹һɢޣмǧʯĶ֮٣Ȼۼң۵ʵҲǰʮ˶ѡ
вٳߣдڱֵ֧ġ
ʯĳ˶ݻԪɷڱصãϣѸһӡһ³Ȼ۸̫ǧһ´ӴмվͷϸŶһժ£Ȼһ̵׶󺺣֮һȭ˵
ȻǵطõѪ֡
һĺڴԲڣһ˾ҵġ
һªݣ˽ªĿ󶼴־η֮ɫ
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㡣ãѵҵĻһ㲻ɡǧʯªԣĳҹڱεĿӰȥŭ˵
ǧʯӰŲæ˵
ǧȻ֪۸ѾЩˣªɫһ粻󣬻ҧ˵˿ڡ
ٺ٣ǧʯһֻԪɷǺôֱۣ¾øѰɡȴٺһֱӷ
ª󺺼ˣȻ޵Ҳֻܺݺݵһۣ뿪λȥƷȥˡ
һĸ߼ۣݻԪɷҲֱĳǧǧʯĸ߼ۡ
һȴǱˡ
һ˼ջûмɷ֮
ʱ䣬£ֿʼóһЩʹϡҩ
ЩȻ޷ǰɷ֮ļֵᲢۣ۸ȴø˳𣬹ʶȳ̶ȷʤǰߡ
УҲֱǧʯֵҩһַЩƼֵƵȴ޶ˡ
ʱ󣬵һıԽĵɫһ࣬ŮУóһƿɫСƿеһѪɫҩȻһоɫ˵λҲȼˣǱѹƷʱ䣡һɷӴʦƵȼѪ֤ÿһһʱڼһȫѪ䷨һ±ʱǽĳ֮࣬ӷ֮ǿȣЧʱ仹ӿܡΨһȱݣºʱʱڣֻҪһЩҩ󣬾Ϳɻָģû󻼡ֵҩҲֻзʦһܹƣΪò̫ϡԵʣʦ֮ҲֻƳŶѣʶÿһŶϡշʦ˼ŵҩһʶ׼ʯڿʼģ
Էӵ˶ȼѪĹЧȻûʲôɵģֹؼʱԷ̱ҩȻȤĿεˣչˡ
ۺһƿȼѪĳ˽ӽʯۣһɫߵˡ
һƿҩ̾뿪˴Ҳûлˡ
Ҳһ״ζֵһЩʶ
ʱó˵ڶѹƷȻһķĵɫľϻ鲼ֵɫƣʮء
Ǻǣټ֮ģ̨֪˭ϳϽľϻһĿһɨ˺ЦЦһ䡣
һʣڳ߶һɧľϻĿɻ֮ɫȻûмϳġ
ⶫЩ죬ĪǾǴеġսסκ󣬲֪˭Щɵ˵һ䡣
Ǻǣԭ־ȻҲˡѹˣڻϵ裬ϳˡȷһ֮ĻսסսױǧӰ߽ƶɣ仯ͬʱ˷ֲͬá˵ƾϷչʾλѼʶһ˵֮һۺ˫Ŀһ˵֮ľϻһţһĺ󣬵мƾֳһ
׹һ
һĴָʯͲ˰С
Ͽдʣһָľϻһȥ
ۡһľϻһ»ΪƬѶȻһģһ˶ȥ
һ϶ʱһƹļ£ιӣԼȫһööƬɣȫڸǵʵʵ
γɵһ˲䣬ɫĴƬһӿڵһ󣬾ڼǰγһʮɫ֮
ʱֱһ֪ϼϴʲôأϼһֳһ㵭ɫĻýȫС


196 ħͲ
ʱԭվڸ̨һǴİ캣ȻǰһһŻһɶȥ
䡱䡱󣬿СŻͬʱѶֻϹĻ΢΢һµĻָˡ
⻹㣬ຣֱһȻ󳤽һֻһһ󣬾һ߳ɭȻһն
顱һ
ɫĻֻ΢΢һ󣬾ͽɫһˣͬӡ
һĻ·һ̾
Ȱ캣һգޱվԭλúϵһģһΣȻûһԻɫֻһȶڿնԾٶڴϿɶ
ͬʱͬʱ߲ŲæĻǴ׻ս׵ķܣڿǱһзҲ˿ѷɫġ˵սеһ㸨ɱȵġ棬Ϸٸڵչʾһ乥
˵⼸仰ӰȻһգ΢Цĳ˸̨ϣõڶ߿Ŀɿڴ
ʱֱһ̧׼ʯ̨һʯֻһֳһ첲ϸɫԲͲ֮Իһһâ
һ̣ƿһ죬ǸʯϹâ󣬶ʱĶϸ
ϸһ£ſЩϸкȻһţëϸô˶¶Ȼ֮ɫˡ
Զ룬÷֮ܽЩ뷢ӵ̶ֳȣʵһ顣
ֹֻսСһ֣⻹֣ΪԺ֮룬ϷͲʾˡҲ˵ս׵ļֵˡȻ޷ʹеսȣΪ΢΢ȴʺҵͽʹõġϲְ֪ϼµʲôأһУս»Ϊ˵ɫľϻЦݵ˵
ϣս׵ȷȤ֪߶һΣҪĶ龧ʯ̨ȴһ䡣
λʵĺãϷԭʹ˵µġս׺ǺãÿһһʯɲõģǷԾʯУұƷϡϲ˼Ļص
شȻ̨²ɫ
ˣս׹Ѿչʾʽʼ׼ʯÿһμӼ۶ǧʯץסʱ˾Ŀʼ
սȻò˶֮ʯ߼ۻþ󲿷˶׶Ͼ˼
ȻսͬĴΪĶַĻѾƤףֹĻܺеƷ½ȣȻҲû˳۵˼
ʯ
һžһЩϤˣǰϳս׵ߡ
һʶһ۹ȥ
ֻڴһ䴦һ˶ңѹõ͵͵ģͬȫڵסˡ
˶ԶԶܿӣȻҲһߡ
ǧʯһŮƮ֮ڣڴƮѣҲλá
ǧһЩˡ
ǧŮȻŲæ
ӣΪĳֲͨս׶û̫ðɣ̲סʵ
֣ʵڱǸĺܣԭڻϵ裬սӦùõģ˭λָҪġСֻõˡǸŮȴһЦĻص
ߣλӶԻƨսУ˵ֻҪʮҾܽ临ƳˡҪˡѣûʯɷֳʯԣȴŭ˵
ʯʯȻԵġҪȡһɵķã֪ϵкαϲɫĻص
½ƶɵħͲһֻʯͿĻطֳۣɡ˵
ʲôƳһֻطˡǿϲɺص飡ԣһ˵
ƺʿлطҲǷͬСɵı
ԣҲһɧ
طƳɹʵ̫һЩڻܳɹһһԭõģΪսףĳҲ˲ˡƺҲεӡ
ϵͷʮӡ
ʱѾһԽӹɿ͵˸̨ϡ
ϵѵĻʦͷŲϷܣӦҲˡйħͲͻط۵ĹЧһҪչʾһġһ߿˵ţһߴһͨĳɫͲʯ̨ǸʯһָôĴָһͲĳͻط
һ졣
Ͳǰ˹âһһŹһԶ󣬾еıѶһ˶ľӨ˿иֶһʯϡ
ʯ˿˿һðȻƾһãã˪
Ϊ֮һݡ
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ֵǣ⻰һ˵ں󣬴ȴĵģʵõĻһʱ侹û˭۾ġ
Ȼԭδ˭Ҳɫʮѿġ
֣ħͲȻҲֹαͲ飬˭׹ģǺŮȴЦ˵
ߣʲôͲħͲѾʹôˣЩһﻹ̰ĵļʹòŻִµġԣΪŭ˵
⻰ţҲŲеġҺڴˣ˭ҹĻƷǸҺұλˡŮԣȴЦĻص
ʱһӴд˳ǧʯ
֮ˣȻڴһǵ
⻰һڣλЦʱȻֹסԱߵߣǳԾķ׷
λմĪǴĺͱԲɣһޱˡ
ԣôġֻħͲʮȤѡ˿ûеĻص
ϣ²Ҫ顣ﻰгв֮⡣
֣ǰӵᣬв˳飬ѵӲܲ𣿡߼ˣȴһ̧״ŭ˵ȻһƼݵӡ
ӣעһˣһٳв˵ĻϷ˵ҲֻȡľʸˡȻҲЩ֣һߵĻȻɫһ˳˵
Уֵõ⼸ǧʯôˡĬһºЦһ˵֮ûˡ


197 ᶷ
ǧʯһΣ
ǧʯڶΣ
ǧʯΣãħͲ͹λˡڶħͲʼǵ׼ǧʯ
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ԭδԥֽг˼۸
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˵ȻǰԪɷˣս׺ѹƷˣ۸̫ߣ÷ǵġ
Щõ־ǿʵĻƷȻǲݷŹĶˡ
Ͼ˻ˮ˳Ԥϵɲܶһʵ˵ܾһ
ڵһͬ״ڣȻǸںġ
ǣһκЦһ⣬Ȼ˿û˵
һڶħͲҲ䵽С
ʱѾ߶ԣȥ֧ʯͽƷȥ
ֻǰ˰֣˵һ䣺ҶȤһȥƷ
ǣСԵһֻһͨʿҲ֪ڰӵݣ΢΢һ̹Ļص
ʱѾһɫԲ˳һģǰһס
һ󡰸ԡһҳɵľ۾ƾճ˵Ϳմ
˷۳Σ˼мǸǶʮöɫʯڵײӡšᶡ֡
ᶻطۣͷ߶ֻķԾʯ˷Уٶ߿ɴͨڿ屶ϣҿɱСЯ㡣ϵƵĻطҲǺպ˵Ѿپڶ۵ͬط֮ˣÿһ֧ĳͨļ۸һֻеľƷΨһȱݣǺǰöħͲһ㣬ʹôӣӶܻˣ޷õġ˵Щϵһٳǰһ㡣
ۡһ
ɫ۾ͻΪһөƿնȥֻһζȳ˴һ˴ȻһģֻΪص˸̨ϡ
ٶ֮죬治һξ̾
ᶻطһ׼һǧʯÿһμӼ۲һǧʯڿʼģϵֳһ㣬»ָԲԭκ󣬾ɫƽ˵
һǧʯ
һΣ߻䣬һ³˼۸
һЩ˴ļæȥŷһ쳣ߴ֮ˣźɫƤףϴһţߡ
ʯħ㲻һɳᣬʲôӣٴδʮּӡ
һʯħ֮ɫΪ֮ƺʯħں֮ϵӡ
ߣӣӵϣѾħͲط۶дãȴˡţߵĴ󺺣ȴ˿壬һĻص
ˣ뽫ⶫ˵ɣⷬ˼°׷ˣһط۾˿أҲδ⽫˿̫һЩ˴ǿӲػûмŭһ˵
طֻۣʯĳ֮ѣҼ˺ȻġҪսףҲͬ뷨ҪطۣӵûսףǾˮˮġʯħٺһ˵
ⷬԻ˵ûͷûβȴòһЩ˸ʲô飬˷֮ɫ˽
ЩʯսλС˰ɡԣȴЩŭˡ
ͲʯĳˣҪ־͹᲻໨ʯˡʯħȴһЦ
ûٴ˭Ҳĳлðɵӡ
һǧʯ
ʱȴһ˳ˡ
ʯħԴŭĿһɨ֮˺ͫײ΢΢һ
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ͬʱʯħˣûж˵ġ
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һǧ
һǧ
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ȥʯħҲҪʹˣҲֻܷ
ʱġЦȴǡڴڻصѣ˭еļ֮⣡
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ߣʯٸħӦҲвСչˡҪҳǲҴ󡣸ղŸѿɡĻص
ȻҪһİͬ״ڣȻ֪֪׵Ķ֣ҸһЩˡʯħȴ˵Ļص
ʲôѱӵˡԣһ´ŭ
̨ϵϼΣȻͷʹȻҲһĴ϶˶ԻֱȻû˳ˣʯһΣʯڶΣʯΡãطҲλˡ
߻Ӷӵһӡ
ʯħ˽ƺҲ˲ʧȥ˼һһκһͽյһԲˡ
ʱߴ£뿪˴ͨһ䱸ɭϵĴһС
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һЦȻͷ϶һѶˡ
Ǭҵû뵽⼸֮ԭΪǻԪɷеһݣǮƺѾ֪Ϸ飬һЩƵʵ
ǻԪɷȻܹһݣǴɷԺ޹ͻҲֻܷˡЩ֮ﶼʮʵ֮²ԿʲôġЩĻص
ŶҪǻԪɷʵĻΪѹƷһɷ֮˵ʺǬֵġԱߵȴ˼˵
˵ЦˡѹɷεϡǰۣǬĳҲġԣЦ
⵹Ҳǡһɷ֮Ǵеɷ޳ɵ֮ǱӼ˴ϱչġļ۸ǶʮʯҲѶ˴ǬġģԺ󱾾ѰʵɷһŸµġǮҲЩź˵
ˣǬĳлˡ΢΢һЦлһ
ʱһƫһһòŮ̵˽
ˡĵĻѾ͵ˡǰһʯһʯȳŵģط۾ֻһʯͿ˰ɡֻҪóʯͿɽЩȫˡǮĿһɨ϶һЦ˵


198 
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Ǯһѽס򿪴һɨ󣬾͵˵ͷȻһ֡
òŮʶȤǰ
һͽȫһնˡ
һյ蹤󣬵ٴδӴƫ߳ʱŶҵһߴ£ӭҲ˹
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ղŶлĳ޷ս׵ġĳһϲǷ˶ݣպҪĻߣɵһˣĳȻġߺȻڵ˵һһöɫƾȻ
Ȼϸȴ֮ˡȻЩ⣬ȻܾȺµģһץͽȵץУ֮ͶԷ
»صλϵʱʯ̨Ѿֶɫߵͽʯ̨һվ󣬲һòԶʤǰŮľɫˣһɫСƿС˸̨
ϽӹɫСƿ󣬾ɫȻĳ˵棬ǱһƷҲ׼ߵѹ֮вٵѾǰЩǰӻѪڹõһɷɷϡ쳣ƴ½ִҲԲᳬָ֮ôɷ֮ĳڹӵоЧҹͨǳ֮Ӷڸв˼Ч
һ˵⻰һĽɫСƿһȻ÷΢΢һƿס
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ˣϷͲٶ˵ˣɷһݣ׼۶ʮʯÿһμӼ۲ǧʯϵɧ΢ƽƬ̺󣬲СƿϼһնأŲæ˵
ʮһ
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۸һ۷ֱʼ۵ļҲһ
һʱž

ʱӺһ˵ĳһƫƧĽֵϣԳ˼ҿƾɵ⣬ֵ˲ӡ
ȴڽֵϻţҶһһƺ󣬺Ȼ߽һյͬڡ
Ŀͬһɨ󣬺ȻͷҲص˵һ䡣
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ߣȻǰ½ǸǬ˵ĻҪָ˵ΪҪϻҵĺ£ͬڴȻӰһΣһӰϢĵ
ԭǺӣΪʯѵĿԻһЩġһڻת˹
ֻԶһɫɴͷ䣬˫Ŀɷ¶ٸ
ȻŮĿڵסˣ˫ĿüһϤ֮ɫ΢΢һԷ׵ֳһЩ֮ɫ
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ŶѸղ˵ʲô˼ǬĳղźȻֵѺһˣЩˡʱŴηѰһѹȻһЦĳŮһȭ
һˣǬΪ˻ˣȲ˵ǰʵѻûлػأЩŽɣɫ㻺֡
ʲôɻظģǬĳǼ֮Ȼϲˡʲô𣿡ЦһĻص
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Щϼɿ۳ţԽԽ࣬תۼСնǡ
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΢΢һݣǵֺȻһʱǰһ߰˵оͷļˡ

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ʱӰȻһ֮󣬾ͷѤΰĽûС
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199 
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ѵ²δ󷨣ڽ֮ϰɣɫһɢЦЦķһ䡣
ʲô֮Ӳ֪˵ʲô㻹ûشҸղʣԣɫһ䣬Ͼͻָ򶨵˵
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㵽ʲôˣһΣŴҲ޷ƽˣĿһ˿ɫȵ
֮Ů˫һоͶڰם̽ͬʱһɾϢϬ֮
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һ֮󣬾;ͣٸǰȻǴڼݵǿ鵭ɫƣ
ԭǰһüͨ齣Ů߰󣬾˻֮ġ
߶½֣Ůһϳи˰˾ųɰտ϶Էˡ
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½飬Ҳ˵ֻҪһѯʣӦҲ֪ôһˡŵڲǰй֮ԵġŲæĻص
ڵĺĵӣ͵ĺĵӣܲʶģ΢΢һˡ
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˵ǬʦʵӦòӦóƺһʦˡֵĻӣһûпһ쳣ٸԣɴ۾´ۺ󣬺ȻЦ
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ߣͲ󣬵湻СĵġҵļƣһƲ죬ǴҲȡһɫƣһ׹
һͽһĵУһ󣬾ͷƳǰӡֲͬ⣬۲ʽؾһ޶ӡ
ָһƼӲû˿𻵺ۼ
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дһ֣ţȷһ취ʦԴͷϣн鱨ļֵɫһڵͷ
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СҲɺϣܵõһЩϢġ˿ɫû¶΢΢һɡ
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кͽĻǾӦǺʹˡǰǲԱģЦһ˵
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аŵ飿ԣһ
ٺ٣ҪˡᵱʱһӲжһֱ񡣡ָƽ˵
ˣʦڿԸң֪ǺԱʹֵ߳ˡƬ̺ʵ
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Ϊܱڣʦֵַܿ϶ͬСˡ˼˵
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ҪĻЩߺͽͳȷп֮ˡЩȻ
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ڼӺֹǲɿһѱĳЩˡ˭ȴÿ϶ġΪ˱ͬҲδϵʦǲţŽӴ飬ɲҪҲǣȥˡЦ˵
Ǭĳˡʦ㽫ݸһ°ɣԻСġͷɫĻص
ȻʦʶȤϣʦξˡԣȻһЦ
ŴŮһֽƬ÷ɿд˼Сֺ󣬾ͳһȥ
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ۡһһƻһð
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ŮǰںͻȻֵһɢޣ˵е֮壬ͨ־Ӷܲһ˵ļ࣬ĳ̶ֳϣΪָԵڣӶܻΪһʼûţȱռһЩɢޣԺһȫռһһӦ󣬲ź䶯ġһһ䳬ʮĺͽԲɢޣָѰһԵӶɷɹΪһʦڡٸ˵
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ЩʱǺʦһķӦɷɢޣԭںʶģԭʦǲٵ顣Ҿ˵ɢΪ˸лλʥӣԸΪ͵ĸңҲĿù顣˵Ů֮󣬺ƺע⣬Ǻ֪ôһϢˣԴŮ޶һλʥӵͷȻԽԽܱ߼ɢҲȥռ׺ͻԵȥ˵һֱǳģôŮͷȻԽˡǴɢУҲ˶ԴŮʮŷٺ٣ܴŮǷװŪȷһؽɫ١ǰѾ׼ҪҪٰһᡯΪһЩԵռ׼ָԵġμӴ˴ΨһͱЯĻ֮ſɡ涼޼ġٺһ˵
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202 ҹʹ
һ˼󣬻Ǵͷʹġ
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ֻҪҵ֤ݣͿɵ֧Ԯ˺˳ƽ֮Ҳһɨġ
ʱû˺ᰵе׾ٵˡ
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ʱ䣬һתȻжһİɫ伮Ƥӡšʮ֡
ǰ죬ӵ·һ沢ûǣ̫¹ȫһЩݿܵʵ֮
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ۡۡ
Բһ֮ȻһģıζתۼͻΪֻĳɫľ
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ʱ䣬дʣʳʮָ΢΢ĲͣɫľָŤŤڿն𣬲ߺ͵зˡ

İڣһڷָѧϰһڶϰϤͷľݿܵĲ֮
֪䣬͵˺˵ĻҴ֮ա
ȻŮ˵ֻҪϢУ˼һ󣬻ʱʱĵϼɽ
֪ΪΣܾп̫ܲ˳ǴһЩӦĴ㡣
ʹԶһʱѾΪһ뺷֮ɫĸߴ׳
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ʹ޽λΪһ氤һһӪһǻһӸۡеһֻһĵĻʹš
ڣЩһ棬ҪôؽƣҪô䱸쳣ɭϡ
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һ⻰ҲһһͽŮһסһͽһĽסˡ
ģû˿֮Ѿ²֪ˡ
ԥһ㣬ʹŴŮΪһʹ⼤ȥˡ
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203 
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ǣСȥ졣ʿӦһĴȥˡ
ʱҲԷֳӵ׷˻ʹ
һ˵Ը˼󣬾һתߣֱڹȥ
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ʹ߼߸뿪ˡ
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ֱ۳˱漡ڰһЩ⣬ԭ˿
ˡѾ㽫鵤ҩ׻һֱۡϳʱ򣬾Ͳ˻ˡô㲻СģȻڱʱ򣬱ײһնȥһ۰򡣡̫˫һնغ󣬿ȴмֲ˵
ô֪Ȼ߻װɹŮҵҡ⼸˹ŮĿұ֮󣬻ᱻֱӴġҪĸʿһֱһΣڽˡҲɫ쳣Ļص
ߣǰǶɸʱҲһ̫Ըӡ֪ǵĺô˰ɡоһ̷ֱǶҵļ͡ҵĶӣȻҲĹ޶ĵġ̫ɨһ۵˵
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ġԭ˵ĶڶѾˡ˽ӦҲǵĶ֡λӳȥʱʩչֶЩΣƺʮڵĽ֮һɢޣѵڵŮ޲ɣ̫һ󣬾ȻһھͲ³˺ݡ
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ˡĸļӣҵʼҲδ˭֮˻᲻ȳһʲôֵʵ
ڵļʹߣţһ˵Ҳûд˿ܵġˣܴŮǺҪǸ˵Ļ޴ˡٹĻ¾͸÷ˡʱ򣬾ҲϾ˼ˡ̫ȵ˵ͷЦһ˵
ϣܰʱɡ⻰һ粻ջǿЦһ˵

бٸһƬžڼɿ촩ţһ򣬾ԶԶ뿪˻ʹһͷƬֵһƬС
޽һʯͤС·⣬Ȼ·ˡ
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ʱǰ¶һĶʮӣֻǴ˿˫죬촽ںڸѡ
һŮͷһȥ


204 
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üͷĿڴŮں촽Ͽһۺ󣬺Ȼӻɫ̽һָһһɢĳζĺѪ
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һĸߴòӢһİС飬òªޱȡ
˽Ȼͬˣǰһվ󣬾һ쳣Э͵Ĺо
һĻɫ΢΢һ
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ۡۡ
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ŶϿڴһӾͻָ˳״̬˿Ѫ֡
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СȻЫȥͬʱ˫ȻһףһģĻΪ߰Ӱ˷Ӵܶȥ
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Ѫ˲ӰпȻǰСӱ塣
˿̣ȻΪƬʬĵѪ޷ֺˡ


205 Ӷ
ͽߣҲǵù֮
ԭ˲кһó֮ʵԶʤǴҲԱġ
ƫƫܹʹ­Ͱ׹Ы
ǰ߱͸ӵй칥ֶΣʵһԲͽ֮ϣӻԱ߻š
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ֻҩƿֱ򿪸ӵڱһᣬ̽ƿһöʣƿһץеĻص˺ԡ
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⼸ԣ˵Ц
ӵͷߵʯͤһʯմϢˡ

ʱѾ֮߰һߴ߶֮Уһߵֺڹٸ͹ϲͣʲô
֮һͣһ䣺֣ϲʲô׷ٱǡ˵ӦǺ׷֮ʲôֶΣܹˡĻɾЩ鷳ˡ
˵ţǳ֮ɫһ󣬲ҡҡͷһ
ˣҲֻҽҽˡ
֮һͳСһĴƿ׷״򿪸ӵٸһá
һƿзɳһƬɫĩһȴɳһƬ͸峺Һ壬һƿȴðһɴ̱ǵĺɫ
߶תۼûٸУʧӰ١
һкɫ΢΢һɡ
ǰʮɫĻʼ΢󣬵ԥĵͱٸһȥ
ƹһʹٸһֵ䴦
ʱɫڣֵ϶ĵģûκӰ
´ۣȷûʲô󣬾ͳֱԼٸһģͻûɼӰϼɽɱȥˡ


206 
ϼɽԶʱȴûɽȶһУ˽ʱȷȷûβ󣬴ٸĵԼȥˡ
ȻϼɽҲѲɽʿ˵ܿȻ׾ٵ顣
һٷʱʹźصԼС
Ϊһڽ붴ǰ׹Ы棬ʲô˿ģ䱨ġ
ʱǬѾԼ˯ˡ
ȻὫŮͯѣֱӱٸ뵽ԼУڴϣϸ˴Ůۡ
ֻʱĺ촽ϵںȫȥͬʱҲͬӰ
ϸһȻüͷһ˵ʦ㣬ȻѾˣͲװȥ˰ɡ
ʦηѹġԭƻԲѵٸƤ΢΢һ󣬾Цһ˫Ŀ
ʱΪҪ׷٣ûзʦ쳣ǵʦ㻹װԵĻȴҶĿˡ˵ʦǺʱģ̾һ˵
ʦϺֵʱҾͱˡﶢףһ۵˵
ȣʦ㲻Ҫ֣СҲû취Ϊ˷ֹ׷ɱ˵ġԣϲһ˿ˡ
Ȼ״˵һͶ㲻ˡǲô˵ǱᱡһʦҪһɣȻ۶գһµЦЦ˵
ʦҪʲôˣ΢΢һ
ʦܱǽа״ɣûֱӻش𣬷һתһ䡣
ʦڲˣ⻰üͷ΢΢һ塣
½ΪںĵӣؾаȻߡڳڱչ׼ʦĵ⣬ʵ벻˭аʦ㾪˵ʵ΢΢һЦ˵
ȻʦѾųˣȻûзϵıҪҵȷеġ״졯Ŀ΢΢º󣬾̹Ȼĳˡ
ŶĻʦģ϶ǱĿˣɷʦһ˺󣬵Цݵ˵
±ĿûʲôɱܵġʦһȻ޲ɵġһΣһԥ󣬾ͻͷ
֮һһһĨ
ʱһԴ죬ͬʱһģͻΪһɫЩ԰׵ͨ꣬ԭС֮߰ӡ
ǰʦܱĿҲƽĺܰΧת˼Ȧ󣬾ȻƷͷ
˲Щһֱ˵Ѿ¶ĿˣʦǲҲˣ̫ԿһЩ
ҲݣȻû⡣ʦ㱾Ŀûʲôɼ˵ġ⻰ȻһЦ
֮һĴָɫԲ飬ֻǳ׻˼κ󣬵һâһƲʮһŮӣǰֶ
ȻŮ޷ʽԭһ޶üСЦ绨΢΢һЦĺݾȻԶʤԭ
ʹĿ˾ɫ£Ҳ΢΢һ
ʱִַŮüɫͨŮӸˡ
ֻüӢʮ㣬λüȴֽ֮ɫ
ԭʦ㱾Ŀ˾ɫֲҪסĿˡģߣ֪Ƕ鷳ġ֮Ż˵
ʦ֪ͺá䣬ʦܻǵһ֮ˡ˿ԱñĿ⣬κ仯ʵӳġǰ˵ֻЦ֮ԶѡһܴѲʦּܳԽӦġҪڻʹˡ¶ݵĺȴɫһ
ʦҪ涾ΪһЩɢ޿ġˣʦ˶ֵģҲЩʵ
ʦ֪װһŮŻڹȥĿαһĻʱЩ⣬Ҳơ¶ݣԱߵ䲻Ļˡʦ֪ܲĹʮֹ졣ҪǵϵȹΣע⣬Ҫ±ֱڹСˣе涾ǰҲһЩⶾҩ˿ЧûСʦúεҩ׵Ľ˴˶ǿЦЩɻʵ
֮ȷʮأڽⶾҩͬûжЧһ׷նɱǣҵ˶֢ҩŽȥʦ֮赭д˵
ʲôʦܽһնɱˡ˵Ҳ֪ˡԣȻһ
⻰΢΢һЦȻŴֻӭһΣʱ׹һһرնβڵ¶ˡ
ȻҲǺˡʦһ֮նɱߣȻӵкʹеľʵҲһʦһۡĻǵһЩ˵󣬾ͬһͲ㶫һκ󣬵һӭһΣͻΪһ߶೤
ϸһ£Щˣ
ǺȻһͬ鲼ɫƬֱۡ
ǡһ䡣
αһ첲ҳնڣѾԿ϶λϵȷ壬ҲʲôһˡŮ侲˵
ˣЩЦǴ½Ȼһ嵱׼ĻʵۡͲ֪λλʵһʼһ壬ǰ;ɱȡ֮ġ̾һЩɻ˵
ͲˣʲôβֱۺǾ㹻֤ڻرѶˣɳʦڣֱӽ͢ɨһˡȴΪȻ˵
⻰˵ĵҲеʦһֵĻϵѾ©޷ٻˡȵͷһ䡣
Ȼ顣ĴԲŮߣԭûм˵ġټһҹûлظЩֻҪײǽˣ϶þܲ鵽ͷϵġһҲֻȱܱܷͷлڱѶȥҲû뵽Լᱻ֣Ͳˡԣüͷһ˵
ʦȻûд⡣һ£һҲ鵽ġܾã˿²򵥰ݵġɫһ˵
ʦܻе˼ǡ˺󣬲Щ˼ˡ
ܼ򵥡Щð˴Ǳƻʹʹ͢϶ͼı֮·ͬСɵġλλʵۼȻײˣҲ֪Լݱ¶ˡȻǲ֪ļʹݣ϶Ҳ뵽˵Ϣڵġڴ£ҿɲź˻㾲뾩µġ˵


207 
ʦ˵Ҫ幷ǽҲǼΪӱ֮ˣһ˻мֻȻˡ
ȻͻһὫϢڴȥʹٶȣ֧ԮҲҪһʱܵġ㳤ʱ䣬㹻ЩˡصԵ
Ͼ£ǳضڵֲ˽ƣһʦϾ̤Ļ̾ͻᴥƾȫǵˡЩ˶ҲǺһĴԲͽΪвʣ淭˲ɡʦ̫ܲģʲôӣҲֻǲһЩɢ޶ѣڲ̫Ӱġҡҡͷ̫µģ
ʦ֮Բ޵ǺϾʹ˭Ҳ£ǻᶯʲô˼Ϊһǲʹк˳ϢһЩ͸©ȥһģЩ붯ʲôԽҲ׵ˡһȴ˵
ˣǲЩ̫óȻˣ˾ٷŪʲôͬڽġԣԥ
Ӧû̫⡣ɢеǴˡ˷ҲŵģֻǧټƵĴ̽Ϣʵ񣬲ŻȡʲôжֻҪʱڣЩסˣúÿֽŵжǲܰȻȴ˹ġص˵
ⷬмֶݣڷ˼ûҲʮֹϵػصãʦһҾõȷһð취ǾɡֵĻЩҲϾ׷ˡʦܴηųϢɱ𷴱˷ֺۼ˳ϵ׷Ѱ˹
ʦ㾡ܷģмרų鱨Ϣ֯ЩɢСͲܣֻҪһЩϢһò˼գͻᴫгĻص
ʦ濼ȫˣҾͷˡȻ֮Ȼ˲ٵԪ½Ĵʱ䶼Ҫһˡ飬ֻʦܶһˡͷЩǸ˵
ʦ㲻ÿˡҲŸհᵽﲻãû֪˵صģһ²ġˣﻹмƿָԪĵҩʦɻҪġȻһڴӦ
лʦܺ⡣ڹԳһңһ㵤ҩû̫ôġҲ˱ƵҩָԪֻǳ顣ȻһЦЦ绨
Ȼһ֮תĿ⣬ʹŮ˵˼仰󣬾ͽøϢԼ뿪ˡ
Ƭ̹ͳ˱һֵУʼǰϵõı
Ǽƿҩ˵һЩ˻ָҩɫ̰һöɫǣɫСԶ
һʩһ⼸Ҳͷֱǵļֵˡ
ǰ߶صĵͽɫСȴֳʮص󣬺ȻһƷ
ϲ
Ϊ֮ȻӴˣƷﵽƷĿ޼ġ
һʦ˵ƷҲǲıˣӵƷʦҲ֮ٵġ
ΪȻֻܼƷǰأҲԶһƷǿöˡ
ɫС죬һ
ӽڣ˲ð͸Һ״һĻɼµģ
һ˼󣬵оʹע⡣
ɫ̰ɫǶǺеԺ书£ֻҪҸֱӻʯͿˡ
ɫСΪƷǸ֮ǿϸоԼһġ
˼ţͽ⼸ȫһնУһֶһźںԲ
ⶫҲӢѵģԲҲۣû̫ϵġ
ϸһ۲죬ȴ䲻֮ˡ
ɫԲȻ޹⣬ϸ֮£ȴ峺͸ģȻĳֺɫƮӡ
֮£˻Ρ
Բĵģɫ΢΢˼£ԼʲôƵġ
һӴȤˡ
оһȷԲʵһ֪ʲôɵضӦı
СģȻóȻƻԲ飬һȴӻ߰˸죬һͶȥȲҸˡ
Ƭ̼䣬һСͷͲöɡ
һߣ
һɫĻϿոֶĲֽʵʵ¡
ԲڵϣóһŷһģȻֶһɫ֡
ʱԼǼƤףŵʱų׷
ѹСˡ
аŵĶ֪ܶ࣬жһʹġ
ɾ벽Щ˵ĺ󳾣
˿˺󼸲һһɫгԲһնȥ
顱һ
һնԲϣһӲķ
üͷһ壬Բ鿴ͨ澹Ȼ˼Ӳ
һ̣һ½ͳУһһɭȻݺ˳ȥ
䡱һ졣
Բ΢΢һͽͬһ
һ£浹һ
ƾһ޷ƿԲˡ˵Ļֶֻˡ
һ󣬵ӻһŰɫСƿߵԲϷƿһζеһɢ̱ζɫҺ
ۡһ
ɫҺһӴԲ󣬵ԱһһӴðһ̵Ľʯظʴһ׶
ɫҺ徹Ȼ綾ޱȣ
ԲȻ⻬˿ӡ
üͷһ壬Сƿһն𣬵һһųѶĽԲȼն
ͣиչעȥôһյʱ䣬ŷһգϨ
ɫԲ˱Щ΢΢֮⣬Ǻǰһ޶ӡ
һ£һˡ
ΧԲתȦĿһֱһ̧һָһ
ۡһһˮԲ齽˸͸
ԭҽľٶȴһ̴ϲ
ֻԭԲ飬ȻڹһȻˮһ룬ͬʱһ촫Լһ׺۸֡
Ȼ˷ѣƾջûʮˮȫһѷ䵽Բϡ
Բڹâ󣬽ˮһ룬׺۸֮һĳѿ
ʱȻĴ䡱һ죬Ӷ֮һΡ
һ΢˰벽󣬼æԲѴһȥ


208 һԪˮ
ֻǱߵϣȻԲѺðһźס
ЩʪģֻסԲһСطһɢӡ
ΣȻʮֲ죬Ȼһһɿӿֱһȥ
ۡһӺһֶȻûдֺ
һ£һˣһһŻһɶ
һ죬ڽӴһɲǣȻǰ˲
ˣɫŨ˼֡
һԥһһ󶣵һɫеֱȥ
顱һ
ɫǰˣֻǲɫһСأͱĳֵֹסˡ
˫ĿһУټӴʱȻʧˡ
ɫһ´жյģκζڡ
һɫһأһ󣬾ǰһЩ
ʱɫһ󷭹󣬺ȻԾٶȵķɿɢתۼʧӰ٣ԭֵĵ洦Ȼһڴ
ˣһ뵽ǰ죬˼ǰȥĿоһһɨȥʱֳһɹŹ֮ɫ
ʲôЩŹְ
һֱһ̧һָֻһֵĶ׼涴ڴ
һ߷ʱһɺƶ˳ֱۻûһɫ֣ûȥ
һɫֶʱȻһƺҪʲôӶһ
Ȼɫֱñֱ쳣һ±ģ֮ȻײûжϷֺ
Ŀô˾üͷ΢΢һ壬ֱȻһΣһ˳Ŵһӿ£ָ֮΢΢һ
һɱǰľһء
䡱һ
֮£˫ʯһ·Ƕ֮Ȼ˿
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ղٽﶫӦҲһģȻκβ涫
Щ˵Ҳǧϵķˡ
ֲⶫԲһ̾ͽѹʯأû֮ˡ
ţٲκС֮ˣ˫ĸԼӳֽһֱһ
ɫȻһĻصڣȴһ죬ɫһֱû˶С
һȡ
һκ󣬾ͬʱץסȻ˫Ȼһᡣ
¡¡һ죡
ϱһɾϢ
ٴ΢΢һΣ֮ڱ
ֻ˫ۼ͹ģͷʮֳӡ
Ƭ̹󣬵˫ֲͣڽһ˴ӶһקͷȻճһȭͷСĵڹš
ĴȴһζСĺɫҺΣīԼмƺƲ
ⲻ۵ĺɫҺΣȴҵֺһһзɳһɫСһģ󣬾ͻΪ߸ߵ˺ɫҺ·
ڵһҽеЩ죬ȻºԭϿյĹĻһ£һûвӰ
ͨʯ棬淺һ㾧Ө֮ɫ
ʱȻһա
ɫҺεһһģһ£׼ȷޱȵĵ˶¯С
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¯âŵĿ£ڲһʯа߶
˽һ
⻹߶˽ƣҵ¼ӹһ
ֻ¯Ҫ͸ղһ㣬ֱ²Ӱ
Ҳѹ֣
ղżˣŲɫҺǿᶯģҲǧӣҲбֵ㾪ˡ
ʣⶫ϶ǷͬСɵı
ɿתһ飬ûڿ伮ҵʹƴڡ
ڳоһˡ
ɫһգյ¯ǰϸۿɫҺ
ͬһʱ䣬֪Զһ޴󺣵ϣһʮɸߵĺΰʯڣһ۵ĺߣŭݵĳǰһɫµʿѵʲôǷôرģȻܽһȡһϰʱһԪˮ֪֪ȱһһԪˮԭҪɵıҪ֮ࡣûлʲô
ϢŭһԪˮ⣬ﲢδʧѾ鵽ˣ͵ɵǰոշ뿪УȥʮСȥˡ׼׺һ쳣ʵӣ˿ȴͷ󺹵Ļص
ȥСʮˡߣ϶ͼıѾˣɵ顣ҪһԪˮ⣬ƣ¶ʧĲǴ˱ˡ˸СʮѶ̽͵£Ȼҹǲߺһŭݸ˵
ǣ͸ʮС㴫Ѷˣ峤ǰôѶ볤Ϲȥ£峤ڡæӦһʲôæ
ʹˡϵƵ·ԶˡۺϢһ˼˵
úһ׹Ӿ޵һ𣬼󣬾ƿʧӰ١

̾һһ󣬾ͽ½һնˡ
ڸղŴʱڣøַɫҺΣִ˶ޱȣɢŨŨˮ滹Լ̺ĳֲֿ֮ѹ
ȻʲôܾƽͷųСƬϼɽըƽƺҲǲܵ顣
пɫҺΣ޷ûа֣ᱻӲһ
֮⣬˶бܻˮĲ˼ܡ
һɫҺΰԶͻӰһˮһӽҺΣữΪıÿ
֮ʵƽ
Ȼ֪ȻѳģӦúͺ島ʲôϵģóʾѯʵġ
Ƚ˺ǿȥж෭һЩй챦ĵ伮ܷ鵽ʲô
뵽һתȻһȭͷСݣ
մݵǰһκһƬϼ¯ĺɫҺξһĲӰ
΢΢һ
ҿĿռ챦һ㴢ʹҺΣطҲЯġ
˵ĻǾ鷳ˡ
ʣµʱ䣬ǸɫСȡʼƷ
ڶһ磬Ϣ뿪˶ױһӣֱɽȥˡ
ȵʱָ֣ĿٻصеʱȴÿǬһһСˣ֮Ľ̸š
һ΢΢һ
Ҫ֪ǬΪİһļǿﾹڶ̶̰ھͺѾͷˣ⻹治һ顣


209 
ʦܣˡҺСĵĺͶԵҼˣҲҲŸոտʼƺʮ֮ӡڵһʦҽ鲻ƼѧϰһʱΣٹ£ҵμʱҲˣÿԴһ뿪ġһȿ˵һ
ʦа취ǸѾͷ𣿡ԣȻһϲ
ҵڳΪŵʮ׵飬ܷΪŵӣҪǷܿɹΪһͽˡŮһеӵλҪһЩԸѧϰ֮ĵӣǸŴѾͷܼĻ϶۸ġҸղѾһЩڵ飬ѾͷҲܸȤξȻҪʦܵ˼ˡȻһЦ˵
ˣ˵ȻһˡҲҪһˡȥѧϰ֮ˡ۳ΪʦǳΪߣһǧѵ顣ֻһͨ˵ĹҵӴٻһȴ׾ٵ顣һ󣬾ɫصĳǬ˵
磬ˡҲٵһͨˣҲҪһһߣΪһ󷨴ʦΪԺ׸ǬһͦţС֮ɫ˵
Ȼ˾ģҲˡʦ㣬ȴ˵˽ȥڰɡпܻԺʦտһġҲʮֹ֮ˣͷ󣬾鴺һȭ˵
ⲻСһ׮һҲܻʦֵܲԮ֮ˡˣγȥôˡЦһ󣬷һ䡣
ȻȥҪλú̸̸µġǬԸһ
СѾͷԭӦڵСϻ˷ɫһ˻󣬲˺ཱུСǹԹ뿪˴
СѾͷĻӦûѪԵϵɣΣЦЦ˵һ䡣
׵йҵѾͷʱñЩν˸ϳţڽͷһЩҲǺ顣˵Ļص
ԭˣСѾͷȻ˿ʦеģһĺ˳ˡ̾ϢһһЦʵ
ȷΪ˳ѾڴϢҲһҷ鱨ɢ֯ų˷Ŵ˵ȾϢ̶ʱھܱСͬʱ֪ġٺһĻص
ܺáʦܻ֮ǰͬͨ飬ڴ˹ȥŴ˿ڸ߲㶼Ѿ֪˴Ϣ˵ִ»ʼټˡԣʮ˵
ʦҲܽϢȥСҪ֮ˡˣһʱֵֽ϶˲ٳ̽͢д˶Ļ񣬶Ҳȫˣдءʦ汩¶ˡȻЩȣǳʶȤĲδ׷飬ӻһŻֱӵݸŮӡ
ｫһӹۺ󣬾ֻ˵һĺǰӻʮ˵λ߻Զֵģλҿһα۵ĹǺɡ
⻰ҲֻһĲ˵ʲôˡ

ʹĳڹС
̫һϣɫĿǰһݺм꣬һɸ߾˰󺺵ץסͷ­ڰеĬĬʩʲô
λʵվڶ̫ߣԼһЩɫ
顱һ
ָһɣͻû˹ͷĵϣʹ۷׵޷ֺˡ
С㣬СѾ̽ˡλǰʶڲú󣬾ͳΪġУλʵˣû⣬йȴûзֺġ󺺳嶭̫һȭ˵
ûǰһܺõζûǴĻǰһڼʹߴжεʱ𣡡̫˻ȴ˫Ŀ΢΢һ
ĸ˼ǣŮڵļʹߣ⻰ɫһ䡣
ţڿСд˿ܵġȻҲųŮĳֻ֣һɶѡ̫˵
ʹ˵ߺƺҲһ˲õߣ˲Ҳڵļʹ߰ɣɫ粻ʵ
˲鿴ˣڼʹ϶һֱǼ֮£з֮еһʹߣǸɫڳС۸˺ݺһ󣬾Ҳû¶ˡ£ɳʲôɵ𣿡̫ૼһ޺ʵ
С㣬ʮƵ뾩ߴ󲿷˶ģֵûɵġ޺ԥһº󣬿ЦһĻص
˵ߺߣҲһʮĺͽϴͲ̫˰ɡ̫ԣ˼˵
ǺͽĻȻͿųˡҲܿ˰ϻԼΪġڼμʹߣֻҪ͵һЩ˶¶ԼΪǺѲ޺üͷˡ
ţһ˵ȷʮּ֡Ҳһ֣֯һһ̽ϲЩֵɫǷֵû˵̫ĬƬ̺󣬻쳣ķԸ
ǣСͳȥ¡⣬߻Ѿ׷ˣҪ𣿡޺һĴӦһĿһɨ̱꣬һ䡣
ĸ⺢ҲҺӦҲкѪɣҪһɡԣɫһæ˵
ߣôˣܱ֮ǰںѪһֱǱ֮У˺ҲֻǴѪǺ˿ϵûеġλ߻Ӵɡ˵Ϊ˴Ȧڹʱˡ̫ɨһۺ󣬱˵
޺˻ЦĴӦһһѽ߻˳˴
ڴ˹Уοž޺Ȼ΢˼£ջû˵ʲô
ĸѾˣҶʱҲֻܳϴҵȥ׷һȥǷ˶֣£ǲҪЩ֡λָƽ󣬳嶭̫ص˵
ټ֣²еģǰţѲľٶѾɡǻֵĻ˭ҹ̫ҡҡͷ˵ţĿһ£ͻȻȵ
С㣬ū澣ӰһΣһ칬װ긾ŮЦݵ˽


210 ĺ
ɩ㣡ҲǷԸˣ㿴űչشҪ뿪𣿡̫һ긾ˣɫһ˵
С㣬үǱϢˡԣû¶̫ɫһ׵˵
֮һöɫǣ˹˫ֵ˳ȥ
ҸʱϢЩŹˡѵǱ߳ʲô飿̫Щֽ̧ɫǽӹͷһ
Ƭ̼Ĺ󣬶̫ɫһ±һŲ󣬵ȵεӣȻ͵еһԪˮ˻һҪƤǽһ
ʲôεˡʲôʱ飿긾Цݶʱʧˡ
顣ߴʹ⺢ӵı˳ȥεȥ׷ˣڶûлѾ⡣̫޺޵˵
˵һԪˮܿѾˡ˵Ļɾ鷳ˡС׷ش˱Ļ¼ʹ񣬻лⲻүһѵġ̾һ˵
ҵȻ֪һԪˮԸҪԡѾˣץסߣҲ޼ƿʩġһҪڹ֣ϾġϾҲһԪˮֻǰһѵ⣬¸ˣȥҪںںԨʮصġ̫Щε˵
ĻС㽫½ū澰ɡϴүµһ챦һڣܶһԪˮӦġҶߣ˵ҵһЩġԥһº˵˵
ŶĻʧһûа취İ취ǡ̫ԣԥ֮ɫ˵Щʲôʱ򣬺ȻһŲǰ뿪޺ٴ󲽽˴
̫üͷһ壬ͣ˻˹ȥ
С㣬ˡҸոյϢĴɢһЩϢ˵ǻʹڳҵȺ壬˵һûɵġ˵ǺһЩﹴһҪͼı죬׼ɢ޴ɱ硣޺һ߽һ˿ݵ˵
ʲô顣ɲ鵽˴˴ǴӺεش𣿡̫һ⻰ɫʱˡ
ԱߵΣɫৡһ£Ĳ԰ޱˡ
ҲˣϢǴһרŷϢСɢ֯ġ޺æص
С㣬ūȥɡ긾һ⻰ص˵
ɩѾˡСѾ𽫴Ϣ߰˼ҡŲöãͻȫϢˡ޺ȴЦһ˵
˵϶֮ˡǵ湻ġɩЩչصʲʱ׹ʱ̫󷴵
С㣬ռƻĻҪʱ䡣ǲϧҩ͸֧ԺԪĻɽʱСһ롣ɩ⻰æ˵Ļص
ȻͷȥɡǲɵĻЩҲûôˡȥڵĽ䴦Ӹ¡ϾͷĻͽնɱˣȻôϢû빬ڣȽӹܹڵн䣬ЩɵȫԷڵأȫ½Ƶ¡̫ɫһֵ˵
긾ԣȻڵĴӦ
޺һݣɱ¶˵
ֽƵĻ̫鷳ˡҪҪС˽Щֱնɱˡ
áЩ߻дõģҪġ̫ȴҡҡͷ
Сˡ޺ЩȻˡ
ζּҪȫ빬ݣ˵߽۴̫һתףѾЩĿɿڴηԸ
ĸѵھҪˡλعˣһʵ
ԭٵµģûа취òǰˡҲûϵΪһ׼ʮ¶ǺպĺֻҪһ߶֮ʦҲ޷׽ġҴͬЧܸһдѶϵõĻ߲µ¶ڵļʹߣ߻δϢ⣬Ϳɽһȫ֮ˡŵ䣬ٺʵһǾͿӹʱ䡣ֻҪȱǱһ֣Ҳ͸˲ˡ̫󻺻˵
ˡּȥΪһ֮ȻҲһ֮ˣһᣬκԥĴӦˡ
ܺáˣһЩͼˡֻҪ㽫ЩһеҾͻͬʱټ󣬽ʹҲ׸ѿƾЩɢ޵ı£Ҫƿ󣬸顣ˣжɡ̫һ䣬ɭһԸ
޺ȻӦһһɺ׷׵ĸˡ
պʼһϢŪĻְ̻̣ӿʱ򣬺ȻΪ֮һΣСƾմӸֵиһŵĲ
һһˮװϸĵɫӵ³׷ûⲻӰ
˾һĻȻպЩɢȫĿɿڴˡ
ͬһʱ䣬ʹĴһԭǫ̃ܣۼĻʹжٶˣһֳɫ죬ųĶӵĲһķڡ
̨ϣ̫һɫװİ
ɣԭ꣬Ȼֻһʮٸģ˫һöɫͭɫصʲô
Ȼͭ߿һһ죬ͭһһöɫġ
ʼСڶ̫ͭͣ£תۼͻΪС̫һɶȥ
ʮɸߺ󣬾ͻͣƾ̫ôбҲֻ΢΢ѡ
֡
̫ˣһҧĴԸ
֮Ůţͷ㷢Ʈ֮£ֳһոʤǰֵĺݡ
̨ǶʹͬϹâţ׷׻Ϊ˰˰ģ
ؾȻȫǺ˻ûɵģҷһֳԭκ󣬾Ϳ¹ŹڵĿ
ķһæţڵ֣ͬʱһɫϼЩпӿ׷̫ͭûȥ
תۼ䣬ͭͱùâĿ
̫ȻһſڣһžѪΪѪҲûͭУڷȻһߺ󣬵Ϳմľ޴ĳȥһڸ߿вӰ
һ̣߿һƹ裬ͬʱһ˼ϢĽƲԻʹΪ˷ĵ


211 ʧ
֮ɫ㸡ֶһ󣬾һĻΪ֮ɫĻĽȫ¡
ԶԶȥ·һֻɫ뽫޳ǵһ㡣
ͬʱеĻʹҲڹǿâһֳһɫĻʹָ˿
㾪һĻѲиɢޣȻȫˡ
ãǱסˡȥ
֪˭һ󣬵ֵ̻ȻķɳһӰ׷׾ͽԼĻһɶȥ
һָ̣ЩɢͷŶΪֹâɫĻϣ׷׵ıѶ
һʱ䣬죡
ȸֺâʧ󣬾޴Ļ˿Ȼ㲨ƶûе
˾һĻóɢޣɫѿ֮ˡ
ȻЩɢ·һȥ˫㷽һȵ˲䣬ȡһЩȻһ߶֮ͨƹһķ׷һȥ
ЩӦЩɢޣöݵ֮·Ӷݳȥ
Ƭ̺Щ˾ֵĴӵٴηɶݶ
ԭʮɴȻҲһɫĻ޷ݳ֮ġ
˼ˣһ
һЩڸɢޣ׷Լ̽ȥˡ

ʱ󣬸Ϳʼ££ͬʱ߲׷׾ۼһٵΣ
˵϶ǻʹЩֽţôݷһ¶ִ̳ˡʹҲ֮˵ġĳ߲㣬ھۻŭɶ˵
ͬŭȻҲš
ûо̫֣Ϳʼǲ
ûжúһӶߴһЩ֮ٴڿշɳ
һγ֮ˣԱǰɢ޸ӵѵأ׷һΪĹĻֿʼһֵٶ
ȻɳߣʵԶǰں֮ڿɱȣһһЩ׵ҲñĹĻ΢΢£޷ӡ
˽ȻЩ־ŭ
֮³ס󣬵һ󣬶ʱɳֵĻϵ
ҲΣЩܵвֻСʱ䣬ԾЧʵһ
֮Щ˼ߣһּоƽɫĻһʼڻʹۼȥ
ȻЩһмȻǻʹ嵷ĹֻҪƻʹĻȻƽˡ
ͬʱеͨȻͬΪ̣ͷһĻ⣬δ쳣ַ׷Ͻͷ
һЩϢͨմ״ʵİգҲܶԴ֪һ֪⣬˽֮£Ȼ֪˶ٰ汾ĹŹִ
һУӰҲصľۼһ𣬵̸ִ˲֪úֹһɢ
ʦܣİ취˷ЧЩ˾ȻƵĶ˴ֱʡ
ϼɽĳɽͷϣͺﲢվ̧Ÿ߿մĻŮӺȻһЦ˵
ҵȷû뵽˾Ȼ֮£㾪˵Ĵ󡣿һǵ͹Щķ顣˵ЧĻҲ̸ϵġȻˣֻ֮Чûй֮ܵģͷĽȫһˡ£ǷʮְȫֻҪ˾ԮˡЩһն󣬻Ļص
ʦ˵ĻƺҲеЩȫ˻ʹУȻǵ鷳ˡѾԹˡĻһҲ޷ڴκϢˡʦܵϵֶΣӦӦҲЧġٺ٣ҿжĿ죬罫ҪϢȴڡ䲻£ҪЩӲϵӶ˴¡Ц
Щ嶯ôֶΣȻЩǽӦú־䣬ھûǰϢҲ̫õġȻȡǿӲֶΣЩֵġȵͷЩɻ䡣
ܺʲôƻȻϢѾڣעǲܳɹġϾڵġ鶼ѾȥˡʣµֻҪʦųˡʦܺα̫ˡȻһЦ
ҲЩˣʦ˵ģֻҪȾˡףҶˡԭѹˣʦ㣬Ȼضһ¡ѾĻݣҲϵˣǾͰҰ˰ɡʱ䣬׼չزٲʲôȥˡɿ˵һһԼһɶȥ
ԭˣѹԼӴˡһͬ˺һ󣬲ЩȻ
ȴһ˿Ȼ
ͬΪڴԲͽǰķˣɼǻĳⱦǾ֮ǿԶ֮ϵġ
Ůɫ仯Ƭ̺󣬲̾һķɽͷ
һСһüĿߣͳ˲Զɽ·ϣֱ
ǰӵϣ
˼ӣߵĲ졣
ûжú߾ǰʯ¡
Ƭ̺ʯһЦݵĳǰ
ףλǡǬϵܿǾסȻ΢΢һЩɵѯ
ȷǬʦֵסǣԶǬĶ࣬˿Ҳֻűӵƺˡ
ԭλǬʦáᣬӸͨһ£Ǭ֪̾Ϸ˭ˡʮֿ˵
²Сʦǰոձչأһмܰ;صġϻǵһºʦְɡһҡͷ治ɫ˵
ʲôڱչأӲͨһҲӦÿϵĽ˰ɡһΣǮյүϢҪǰӵߵȥһˡǬһԲͽүָյһҪģүӦԴ˵Ⱦķһ˻Щˡ
үǸǵ̫ټʦҲܳصġɫһȻɵ˵
ȻϷֻظүˡϼȰ˵һ˿û֮Ҳֻ޿κε֮һȭת뿪ˡ
߷һ߳ԶȥȻ߲һ𣬾Ĵ֣ĻͲʱóȻȥһֻܵˣĲ˵ˡ
Ȼֻ䣬Ȼһݣתһֺ󣬾Ͷ˵ɽȥˡ
ڣ˻ʹ˽ǧɢޣһСһķ󣬽ʹҲ棬ûóȻжʲô
·Щ߲㣬Ҳڿڤ˼ƻʹķ
ϾʹסĻȻƾˣҲɢžϢһͲѰֶܹƵġ


212 ʼ
ڴڼ䣬ȴһаŵ顣
ЩΪЩүҲܲˣʶɳ봳Щ︮Уһ١
ȴһķ֡Щۡв֪ӺʱʼȻȫյһƬˡʹЩ䣬ȫĪʧٲˡ
оͰ
ߣаӵϡ
żѱһӰûзֺɫȻѿ֮ˡ
ǰλ佻õĴԲߺӿУһдѶ˵Ҫҹʲô顣
һһҹκϢˡ
̲סдȴְһĻȻ־ŭˡ
Ҫ֮ԣ˸ڵҲδμۻᣬǺ֪ͬˡ
Ȼ֪Щʧ˵ˣֻ£Ҳʲô³ġ
ˣҲ޼ƿʩֻܻȥǮԲˡ
ϰȻǮʱڴͺطһֻɫĻֵʮɳۣڸ߿ռš
ڷ۾ĴУһɫװŮӣ׵һֻͨ嵭Ĺ١
öʱ滺ȪʱԽ٣ʱ̣ʱͻϸ׳С
ͻȻװŮʮָһ٣һ¸Ȼֹˣһ̧ף¶һ֮ףһ䣺ô޷ʮСϵ𣿡
ˣԷѶƺʲôڱסˣһʼûκηӦġŮʣ̴Ӵ߽һĶŵ꣬ʩ˵
λʮСʲôϷȻΪһ󣬲Żڳȥһѣ޷ϵϵĻô֪ôˡװŮԣüһ˵
˷ģҪȥϢȾ֪ͨԷˡȻԭʱǰһЩӦûʲô󰭵ġһЦ˵
ɲ˵ȻЩɢʲôʥӡӵ֮ռߣһвһһЩ壬ˣһЩСϷѡǰ壬úڶԴһֻ۱һֻۣҶôʹȴǺٽӴġһʦʥͷɲʹġװŮӵ˵
˺ʥŮݣʿҲҶ㲻ġϾ廹ûʼƻƴ½Żδ˺ġȴг˵
ϣ˰ɡǱͻȻʧȥϵһЩġдϢһ˰ɡų̼ʹЩҲͬʱġװŮһ󣬾ǳϵ˵
ǣС͸үѶȥɫһ࣬Ӧ˳˴ա
Ƭ̹󣬴ȴٴ˹֮
ֻһ߰˼֣Լֽ֮⣬˲Ѫڣ

ͬһʱ䣬һĵϿգһʮɳİɭɭۣУ·ħͬš
ڹǰһ۴󺺣ޱĿǰ
ȻŲһ죬һȵòŮ˹ʵʦ֣Ȼһз˺壬ҲҪͬʱʦɣлɽ
ʦ֪ڽӵһЩϢƺıʲôƻغҵЩ뺣ϽĹҡһΣʦϣǼֶɨк壬ݺݸһѵЩצӣҪ̫ˡ⣬ڷƺҲͬ˼Ҳ˺üʦһΣڹͬжЩ˽ӦҲҪȫڴڣܷκһմ󺺵˵
Ǽ򵥣津ŭɡԺǿʦǿڶ࣬ɲҵ֮ܿġŮԣȴһ˿ˡ
ʦ⻰ɾ˵ˣЩ壬˿֮⣬ֻЩôߵġ㿴ڣΪºƴ󣬽Ժ侳Ϊ޶ãȴǺڴ˹иӲЩ빫ʦҲʾʦ󣬲Ż´ġմȴЦһ˵
ԭʦ׿ͬģӦþû̫ˡﵽʹȫУҲҪʱġϣǱ߲ҪٳʲôˡŮһʦ֮ɫ΢΢һ
ģ԰״СӵĴӱʵʲôҲܹӦԵġҵû뵽뾩ʱͲ͢Ѿ˰ѳֵľϢ֮£ǰ漸μһѷˡ˶꣬Ȼһ㺣鱨û̽մЩŭ˵
λʦֶȷǲ֮ϧֻ֮ٶһ˵вСΪʦġŮҲ¶ֿϧ֮ɫˡ
ɲ˵ֻǳΪʦ̫Сһ˿ûгΪʦĻᡣմ󺺳Ĭһȴ˵Ļص
ôʦֶԴӻ濴òɣŮЩȻˡ
˵ϣֻǾλʦֶƺֻ̫ߵ˲ӡˣ˵ǳʱ߳Ѿ׼һУʽʦˣմޱĻʵ
ţʦֵλӣȷѾʼˡǷһγɹҲҪһ֪ġʦֶҲ飬˵ذ׼ҺͽҵĻ¸˵ˡһĻʹ߳ΪʦһʱҲֱҰʦֶ鷳ˡŮԣÿɷ˵
˵£ߣʲôãȻ߳ѡ˳ʦǾ˵¯ѾĿˣܰС˲˻飬ѵ˶Է鷳ţֻѡմԣȴһ
Ҳһʱ䣬˵ڼ䣬ʲôתġºҵû̫ϵĴӵĻҲӦǹʦֺʦòٵˡŮ΢΢һЦ˵
ȷˡһΣܳɹˣʦֶҲ˴󹦣һЩʹͿ϶ⲻ˵ġ⣬гЩҪ⣬߰ͬҪɨһġЩɢ޻Ϊǵĵˡմȵͷɷ˵
ûЩɢ޽ЩȷֵЩˣǸôһˡŮԣûвͬ˼

Ĵ˫ǸɫС죬˿˿ΧС첻ͣƷţƺʮֹؼʱ
ȻһͺȣСһ֮Ȼĸֳ㵭ɫ󣬲һŵɢʧˡ
ˡ
ΣϴϲһѽСץסдʵĽڷһȥ


213 ս
ʱɫС조ˡһ죬һӶ֮ȻиֶһģĻΪƬˮˣӵС
ȻĽСˮҲͬĹӿͣ
ȻСһһǰһ߰¡
ˮһ߰˸ִߣһŵȫ˶ǽϡ
Щȼӳ˽ƵǽڣâʯϾƾն߰˸СһĿ׶
Σȴüͷһ塣
һƷ˵ɲ̫ġ
ţȴһɫСһģ󣬾䷴һûԼУַɿһ
һģ͸һˮ֮УҲ˿Ӱڡ
ʱˮȴкֱײһ𣬻ΪһճҶһΪһезתͣ
ˮһ죬ȻһΪĻΪźһ󣬾ȻиԻûһ͸ӰݷκȻһ޶ֻǶңңԵĻһۺ󣬾Ȼ޷ֳ˿
û뵽ⱦȻ㾪˱仯ҿնԵʱûʩչ֮һģӰһ»Ϊˮ˵ıһӰһ֮»Ϊԭģ
ʱǾϲ֮ɫ
ڴ˺ڣͺڶбŲ
һھ˻ָԪһרϤոյõƷ
ڴڼ䣬ʼ˲ͣ̽Ĺʹƣôҳ䱡
סʹĹĻͬıĪ⣬ܺԹµĳ·ûκڡ
ЩΨһ̽Ľž״˽ƾԷһ֮ԹƵġ
ٹպƺҵʲôƿʹƵֶΡ
һʱԭڻʹǧߺȻʼһӶӵж
Ƭ̼䣬ȻڻʹŴڳ޴ӵС
һУжһڰםһУ򶼰γһںڳһУ׷״һһɫȦס
һЩǻɢ޼ˣ
һЩʶ֮һݣ˰гˡս󡱶֡
ͬʱʮϢ쳣ǿ֮ˣǧһɶ
һòߣһӻͳһԲ״Ị̇߾ٵĶ׼˻ʹ
Ȼݴʦλһ󷨴ʦˣ
ɢУһϳ˹ߣϲĽе
ϳݴʦ˵ͷߣҲϲ
ʱλݴʦаȻ߿һ׶ͬʱһĳһȥ
һ
̹âţԼһֱľ޴ڱһĸֶ
λѻʲôһ֮
ݴʦȴڴʱһȣ
ʱһɳߣ·Լðһ·ֳվãÿһֱ۷ǰһ˼ͷ֮ϣǰֱֻӰߺϡ
ʱɾˮݴʦڿӿȥ
ֻڷǣһȫӿȵľ·һ̾Ҫ׳űһ㡣
߲ҵְʮָʱְĳйһ׼ȷޱȵڹ
ÿһεùһ֣תۼ乤򣬾ǵ֮߰ޡ
ʱ޴һ죬ɫĴƮһ֮󣬴Ĵһããִһ󣬾ͺݺײ˻ʹǰĹĻϡ
ԭɫĻڱ䵽󣬵һȦȦƵ״οʼ΢΢
˿̣ʹǰսǧУҲ֪˭˵һ䡰֡
ٳֽͬһ˵һһ߿һնȻ˲һʮɳ޴⽣ڵʹĻһ¡
䡱һ춯ؾ졣
ɫĻȻ·һ飬ͬʱâŵĿ
ڹ⽣һʧ˲䣬ٳֵҲͬ߿ջһնɭȻй⵱ˮߴһһͻΪһʮɳĺɫУɢϢҲһȥ
һ죡
ɫն˹Ļͬһطʱһ죬һ׺ƾڹĻϸֶ
Ļɢޣʱһֿϲ֮ɫ
ʱɫȭ׵ߣҲǡôһӴȦ׵ȭͷȭӰɶҲĻΪһֻ޴ȭ·Ļ׺۴һҶȥ
Ծ޴ȭľƣ˶һ֮·Ļױ
ʱȻʹĴѪһ֣һ߰ɵѪɫ⽣һ󣬾ͶĻݺվɫȭϡ
һѺѪâ⽻֯һƬһͬʱ
Σڲͣٴʦڴͷʮ߲һʹĴһȥ
ֻǱһڿնȻվʮθߡ
Щߴ󶼰׷ԲԣÿޱһڳɢŵѪ⡣
컯ǡ֪֪ڻʹ˲壬ѵǾð踵ΪŰɣһͷҷͬͲСĴ߲㣬һʮ˵ģ󣬾ŭӵĳĻЩһȡ
Ҳһɧ
νĹ컯Ȼǽгͳ졣
ʱҲϳģĽгߡĻ
ǻаԼͽҶٮٮߣѾͽԲϹ
Щߺ䣬ȴԹĻ޶ãֻὣڹĻһгĬ
˹ΣЩ˵ĸ߲㻥һۣһ
ǲҪ룬ǻ֮ˡǼȻĹһ֮ѡܻΪǣԼСˡ
ʱӻʹдƵһžӰһɶ𣬺ȻµĻʹж׵˵ӡ
Ϊ׵һϣȴվһ䣬ɫװĸˡ
̫
̫㡣˵ȻǺˣ
еĸ߲Ȼ˼̫һҲŭһͺȡ
ĿһɨٻʹȴЩȻˡ
ЩʹϢΪҲͽм޼ɵųѹλԲͽҲЩľսо
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214 
̫󵭵˵ֱһһָǰĻһ㡣
ˡһ󣬹Ļгְ׺ۣһ˲Ļָ
˾ٶĸˣĻˣڶӵµһء
ͳЩߣԭļ֮ˡ
߲㣬򲻽

ôĸЩʿͣ²ٹʹˣ̫˫㷽һڻʹĴ£Щ겻ΣʱЩĵʵ
Աߣһ޺һͨ긾ˡ
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İɡЩȻǰֵһ𣬵ϾǶɣչʾһǿʵָһ׼ȷʱ䣬Ȼƴ֮ˡ˵ҪִҲֽƣһݺݽѵ֪Ѷ˵ġǣЩڱú˰ɡЩȻޱȣһ㷲ȴĪӰ죬ֻҪշԺշĪôġ̫赭дĻص
ĸģЩڶѾ˰ֻҪȾ޷ġԣһɵĻص
СɩܹǰùأҲ˴󹦡صУԻΪһġ̫ת׳վԱߵ긾ˣ˵
ңūֻǶһЩСֶΣܹǰصġһΪСħʵһȴȫС֮УʱţʶҲĻµµսΪûǵѪɷܡɩЦݵ˵
ҪǸһƿѪɷ֮ãǼʹħҲЧġʣµʱ䣬ֻȴˡˣΪĺԵʣǺϵͬ˿ҼǵԭƻУٹ£ʥŮҲǻϵġʱ䣬ӦÿҪӺ˰ɡ̫Ȼһµʵ
ȷˡһ̫ϣҲ֪ôᰲŴŮҲġɩĻص
ܼ򵥡յԼҲкһ롣Ϊƽ⿼ǣλʥŮȻҪһˡˣйغ鲻ö࿼ǣԻи״ǻΪҵһȡ㹻ġҵϵʱһдҲѶˡھϣһҪ׼ʱǵӾʹˡ̫ЦЩص˵
СġҵʮǰͿʼıˣҪ׸Ķġ޺Ļص
ϣ˰ɡʣµӣҪʹ۴ͽ;ˡˣһΣӿɴܵˡٳʲôصĻɱҪִˡ̫һĳ޺Ը
ǡС˾ٷˣһΣûϵӾȻе棬ӳʹģٳִڶˡ޺ԣһĻص
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һεĹǧоȻ붼һֳ˲Ӧо
һһָ󣬸߲Ͳɢˡ
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Ȼʦֺʦ㶼˽ƲƳǲǱ˺һжΣ󴦴һˬʵ
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ڷӺֲԣȻûв֮
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ʹһĻǰһҺƵİɭɭۣһֻͭɳңңš
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ڶͭɳϣվŮһУŮһʮ߰꣬һʮ꣬ԱһһڳȴʮӣһۣЦݣһ˵ĸо
ϣĵǼʱ߸շѾ˼Ľ˴Ƶھǡøϵˡմ󺺵ĳ˵
ηĿµʹһƿڲƵʱڵʦҲŷɳķɳ۶
Ϊ֮ˣһʦнޡϡ
Ȼմ󺺵Ϊ֮ضԴˡ
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ĸףһ֣ʹմ֮ˣҲһ
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ãĳҲӴ״ųƿɵֻǿȫһҵȾĿԴˡմɫ˼º󣬻ͷ
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Ƽζĳ˹Ϻ󣬹մ󺺵һ˵Ӱ״죬λʦ壡
ʦֶΪ˴󹦡㴫ϢЩطںڽηֺ˵飬ϸϸĸһ飬ȷԻŸش͵ġմ󺺿һۺޱ˵
ǣӵǽӵο䣬ú֡ԣɿʼһһ
գնɱĺˣһһ˵βͣźںʦ϶ʹѾռ飬Ȼʱ䷢ϢöɫƬֱۣһֱߣ뼸λʦһۣ
һ˵󣬵ӻһļ״ֻӭһ󣬾ڰ׹еһöɫƬһСЩή鲼۵β
մĿһһתͽȫ㵽УϸƬ̺󣬾û˿Ķֱ𽻸Աߵֲͺߡ
ȷǺ˵βͲ٣ұնʱҲǰӡ
ƬϢȻˣһ˿Ϣ
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ܺãɡΪĽŽֱӽǧ׵㣬ͬʱٴ±һöմ󺺴ȡһɫ̹ɫ˵


216 
⻰΢΢һϷӦĽԼó˫ֵϡ
մֻһ󣬾ͽɫ̹һնأȡ֮óһŵɫ
һöһּټĽԷɶݷǿʱֻҪͿԾٶӶݶߣʹһʦҲ޷׷ġͬʱմ󺺵Ĵ
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ʱһߵĺڻش˵ļʻҲһЩɱֱ˳
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ۿҪΪ̿ĶϱۣȻۡһɫȻΪ˵֮ɫ
׵ѣЩƺݲһ㡣ֱУȻһ˿Ѫ˵ĺˣԭȼƻҪıһ£Ŀô˾ɫ΢΢һմ˵
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УǾɡմɫһ粻󣬻ͷ
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ŮȻǵɽնɱͷǿߣڵҶü
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Ҫ˵԰һ廯߻ôͬ׵Ļڽ޿ǲҪΪɵͬ״ڡ
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Ҷüھͳɾͻھ½ϣϷںҲԳƺһӳĬһº󣬲Щص˵
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˻䣬Զ߰׹һһͨ徧Ө׵ƿֻһģ󣬾˻ʹϿղԶ
ǰվһɫװŮӣԶһʮĶһĸߴߡ
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217 Լս
ˣɫ䣬ȴѾˡ
ʱɫװŮȴȻɳһ⣬ֻеһתȻΪһ˰Ӱͷɫɺʹڣɫֻۣ˫ĿһеһһɺƵϢ
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ɫװŮȻɫ䣬㲢δܵκ˺
ϽڹעĻںҲһСˡҶüһһûûгɹҲûٳֵ˼ɫװŮĿⲻһ˿ء
ߣҿղһû˵ʥֶŮںǳǲˡһʥӡº󣬴һ˵֮һģ󣬾͹ȰҲϣҶüʥٳ֡
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ȷʥû뵽ҶǰҲ˵֣ʥмܳˡʥԭҶüͻȻһȺϺеΪһ״
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Ҷ⻰ǵϷвˡȻҶüΪɵ˻Ҳŭ
в̸ϣֻϣǺ岻ҪǴɺͺһĵطˡ⣬λʥֶŮղ˵ʲôӻ֮ͬˣĪǵϹӲɣƭСĻҲǰ˵ҼȻѾԵˣΪƾƮƮ仰ܽ˴ߵ𣿡ҶüüĻص
Ҷü˲ĻʥӺͺɫ΢΢һ䣬һۺ󣬿Ӿͺٺһ˵ȻҶ˺ˣϷֱһ䣬βȻҽ֮ͬ˴ߵġҶҲҪΪ򣬾Ϳ쿪ˡϷҪƴŲֶλҲԽǴֵ췭ظɭ˵
û뵽ĺ廯ǿߣã˵ġûǿ߳£ҵȷΪɵģ˭Ҳڴ˵սһӶսɣҲҪ˵ûӡǻʹеЩˣͨԿԾǷܹߣ˶ҵԲáϾ˴飬ǺǴģҲòɱһӰ١ҶüĬƬ̺󣬲ŵ˵
ʲôѵ˼ϷԼԲãԣŭˡ
ӦĻҶüֻк͵һ֮սˡܶսһЩֵĻҶüģÿնɱһ󱲣ұؽԶնɱʮͬ׺塣Ҷüһ󺮹˿ûе˵
κ˶̺Īġ
һ⻰ɫˡ
һڽںͨ˴ɱĻ֮ؿ¾Ҳ޷е
ҶǰαضŭҲδ˵һɴӦġ˵ıԾܹߵѡ֪ʲô˼ʥüͷһͻȻЦһʵ
ܼ򵥣ͷӻʹйѡΪһҪߵǺڵͬ׵һսʤĻͿɸߡܵĻԶ°ɡҶüޱĻص
ʮʥһ˼ı󣬺ɵ˵
ʮУҶһǿѡٶһҲˡҶüüͷһ˵
˾ˣҲһԡһսɡʥһ˼󣬾һڴӦ
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Ȼˣǿһ˽ʹЩСƳˣȻһʱ󣬾ڻʹǴսһɡҶüȻúתЩ죬˴ʱȻٷʲôҲһսͬʮĵġ
ʱ䣬ʥʹȥһ״ŹĻһκ󣬾һֱӶ档
ڹĻڣдĵֱֱʹһɶȥˡ
ͬһʱ䣬Ҷüͭɳһȥ
ϵʦæһɶأλл̫ϳϴݼ
һߵմ󺺣һҲһԸĴ߶ۿ˹ȥ
ӰݼҶʦ塣һΣҪҶʦȣҵȿҪںǿˡմԶԶĳҶüһ˵
йλҶü˵Ǵǧһ˵԰겻ʱͽ׻ڣĻǱԽ׵Ľ֮
ʶմ󺺼ʹһѱڿƲʮŮǰȻֵĹ
ʱҲմһͬɫװŮʩ񣬵һȻϳ˴Ůǵնɱë󣬲ԼһĪԵŮӣȴ˿ɫδ¶
ʦֶöιҲʦһͨһ֮٣Ҳû뵽徹ȻɳһǿߡҶüһɨմ󺺵ˣĿ΢΢һٺ󣬵˵
ԭʦǰȫ֮ߡЩǿ߶ˣлʮҪĽɫ˻սĽ飬ʲôıɡֲʮֽ˵
ȻĻս֮飬϶Լͼı֮սȻҲҵİաɡҶü΢ȻһЦ֮һģ׹һɢֳһѩ׳ӢŮӡ
ͨ齣
ԭŮǰȻҶüʩΣֱڲŽֳ
ݼλʦʦŮһͳʦһݡ
ȻʦֶڴˡαԿ϶ʤˡʦֶҪ׼չأúҪʦҶʦ嵽˵ġʮŮǴϲյмɻ֮ɫ¶
λ˵ǰһɷǷģǷˡпܵĻôɷ֮ɷɡҶüɫ˵
ԭˡйɷ飬ͷúʦֶˡ˵صļӣҵɷ֮䣬׾ٵ顣ԣĻص
㷢к˵ģŶﾹȻǱáܺãǽɷҴ̽ҿ㵱ӡ˻սҲһɡҶü䴫ĿһɨԱߺ״¶һ˿Ͱ֮ɫ˵


218 սϣ
лҶʦʶһ߾ȫġȻ֪Լ˵˺ûһݵĴϲ˵
˵ܵλҶʼӣôȻˡ
αԣ˱ں⣬ӾڵӰɡϾһΣǲδͽӳġҶüת׳մһԸ
Ҷǰģαڳʦ⣬⻹ʮͽӣʵġմһ֮£ص
ܺãǾʹѡǿͷһͬӦսɡҶü˼˵
մ󺺵ȻӦתһԸ
Ƭ̺վڹۺʮŵӾǰʵʵվһš
Щ䲻һСĲŶʮ꣬ʮӣϢӡ
ĿһȴһԼȻʶǶź
źȻҲֻǳһͷûκαˡ
ҲˣⳡԹغֻܴ࣬ѡǿųսź״죬ǳսɣմһɨǰӣԲݷ˵Ŀ˵
ˣǰһĹӦ
ǽзĵӣһʮĴ󺺣ԲӣȻҲһӡ
ȴ̾һ
ԭ֧Ԯ֮󣬾Լˣȴû뵽ǿ߶ˣһһ³ԼҲòٳһˡ
ˣһκͺ˵ıԣбֳɫߣԻ᲻ϧ͵ġ̰ŵĳֱִͬŹ档մһ˵
һݣȻæӦһ
֮մ󺺴죬ֱӷͭɳ
ɳӣŶǺͽ㲻Ǽܼ򵥣ȾʱĲסˣһһĽЩˡҶüĿһɨˣ˵һ䡣
źͷȻ֪ν˭Ҷüλǿߵע£Ȼֶ˵
ҲĬȻĵͷ
ˣʱˡȵϢһ£һͿʼˡҶüһ仰󣬾Ͳ˵һеĿӿһۡ
ֻλ廯ǿߣɫǰĿţһгӡ
ҶüˣֻЦһ
ʱֻʹɫĻȻһģͻΪɢʧˡ
ӰһΣӰڿնֱǱһɶȥ
˫ĿһУͽǼӰ˸һ
һʥӣȴһͷһͨ͸һɵľ޺Լһɫ۵ӣһȴһͨ屻ѪֵģӰ
Σ΢΢һ
˲̫λʵȴһ۾˳
ϾΪֵùע֮ˣʹп˵Фˡ
ݼ壡
̫һ䵽ϣΰݡ
ߣѾͷǳʧˡҪѶ˵ϾȻһ˿Ѫ飬Ǻֵġ˵Ŀģ⺢Ѫ𣿡ǵ˵˫ĿһΣʵ
ģͬһֶŮڴ鱨ġΣֱ̫ǹصųηԸһ
ȻɫЩ԰ףԺ̽һֱһ̧
̫кһһھӨСֱгһСڣٵһУһСžѪһɶһĵУǰһ˫ַϡ
ޱĽžѪһץͷ΢һɫһ±Щˡ
ȷһ˿ѪУȻΪǻѪԵʣ̫ҲֵܴһˡйرԵ飬ʥѾ˵˰ɡɫһʵ
ʥѾ˵Ҫ߱һ뿪飬ҽȡʤķҲһͬˡ˵ĻֶŮû˿ԸһжԸֻǿϧЩһͬͨˡ̫ǵͷЩ˵
ûа취顣Ͼ¶ˣԷЩ˵Ҳǰ׷ѵģܹһӵѪ˴ȥҲǽˡˣʱ䵽ˣȥ԰ɡһҪȷ⺢ӵİȫ˵
ǣ֪ȥġ̫ٴһ񣬲վ
ʥһ󼴾ʹǰһɶȥˡ
ͬһʱ䣬Ҳڿն𣬷׷·һȥˡ
ȴԭδһ¡
̫ԹҲ˵ˡ˱ʱ˫뿪ʹǰƬ㳡⣬κֶηֻҪܻܻɱȫ֣ʤҶѶԴûʲôɡһ˫֮˶վ˻ʹǰ㳡ϣҶüʵ
УҶԴûҶüüһ󣬲˼ĴӦ
ȻˣǱԾͿʼɡӺٺһ˵
Ȼȴͬڶһ㡣
֮մ󺺵˻ϵĺ壬ৡһ£Ŀȫ±ߡ
һſȫԹ۲ǰĶ֡
Ǹһ￴ΣգȽҶԸɡĿڶ̫һɨѪֵģӰϣ˵
֮Ůһѩ׳ʹѪӰ˹ȥ
˼ˣȻûʲôҲӭԼ֡
治Զĵطɵľ޺
޺һ߹ɫһ֣ȻһȻӻһŵҩֱ׽ԼС
ȼѪ
ȻЩԶȻһۿ˵ҩģ΢΢һ
㾹Ȼ֪˵֣Ҷ˵ˡȥˡ޺һҩ£Ѫ˲͹ͬʱһɾϢϱ
޺ֻһתȻһɫƾճ֣˫ֻһͻΪһɿһ
üͷһ壬һ֮£·ҶһƮ
һߣźҲֱ˶̫͸
киһھӨֻ̽һ趯󣬾ͻûһӰĳȥ
̫һһǽľĻɫƣһ覵⡣
һɫĹĻһһӶж׻Ӱֶ߾ȻǷֻ߶£ͽнӰ
ź򽫱󳤵γ˾ͻΪ嵽ӰΧ͸նѡ
͸һ鵭ɫǣƾոֳһĻסԼƾ˷ȴվԭ˿
ǽзӣȴλǰĴʵۡ
ǻδȷַ̧ųһ޶ĺɫ׶ȴ䶪һķ
䡱һһģ󣬾ͻûһɫӰſھͳݺһҧȥ
һ֮£ֻܼæһ߹׶ΪźڹĻסȵֵֻ֮İӰ


219 սУ
Ӱ裬㻹Ҫһͷײ󣬾͹׶ڹⶼΪ֮ѡ
Ȼ֮£߶ڷʮָ㲻ѣ׶֮ޣŵס˰ɫĹ
ֳĸսŵɱҶüǺûж࿴һۣȫѪɫӰӢŮӡ
Ҷü˵Ȼ֪Լλź֮ǱʵΪš
Ȼһμ仯ڵĿֲȻҲܴӴŮϸܵһɴĽڣһȻٹ˲ȥעˡ
˶·ʤؼڴŮϡ
ʱֳֽߵѪɫӰ߰Զ룬ŽŲһٵͣеѩ׳˲䣬һɾ˺ӽ
ʯ棬ϢͿʼһ㾧Ө˪
ɫʱЩѿˣȻ̧׳ԶҶü˵ȻǱרſǺͨѾͷڽ֮ʢǹصĺĵӰɡҶѶԴսҲ紦Ļǵıõġ˵ȵӣٹصԵ޹ʳڴ˵صġ
Ļ̸ϣҴλֻһѣȴû뵽˵ѵˡǹʲôʱʼħˣصħϢ֪ǺħҶüȴѪӰĿͬһ˿ɻ˵
ǺιϷ˵һ֪ˡĿ΢΢һ˵
ҶüΣ˫ĿһУٺͶԷ˵ʲôˡ
ʱѾһƿһ죬ʮɭȻ˿ûеĸֱֶѪӰһնȥ
ѪӰϬ㲻кȻһХȻЩ˹
䶯֮죬һ˺ŮӼĽ롣
Է˹Ź־ٶͨ齣ŵӣҲһҲһ֮ˣʶŲһϢ󻬶ͬʱгȻǰһ
ʮѩ׳ǣ£ȻһΪһŽһ£ýѪӰһС
һͽѪӰնʮأ¶˱ĿȻһͨĶʮӣ°ȻδΪβϰȴѾۣ˫ĿǱóʺѪ
׵ľɱ˿ƼֵǿУҲһ
ʱʬСۡһһžѪ˿ûеĵһģ󣬻ΪһѪ˿ĳӢŮӼ
һһѩ׳ǰһתͻΪһƬӨĻҪѪ˿һ
ʱѪ˿ȻһƾյĴѶһ»ΪѪɫĵķƮ衣
׹ôһʱһѪɫѾΧȻγɣĴ
ŮһݣгһҪһȥ
ȴѾˡ
Ѫɫڳε˲䣬һķһѪɫĻһ½ŮС
ͬʱֻһһɹν֮õϣ䶯ʱǰٻʮϣָ·ʮֳӡ
ӢŮȻɫ䣬ڷһߣгһ»Ϊ˰ɰ޴ѪɫĻϺԥһնȥ
䡱һ
ѪɫĻ˼κ󣬾Ȼµĳ˴˹
Ѫ󣡸ղһ߹ʬĺˡѣǲǸøһ˵ˡҶüĻͫ΢΢һȻʵ
ղʥֶŮҪսû˵սһҪ˵ġսֻǳˣ߹ʬֻһ˲ݵѡ֪ʲôأΥǰԼһﱻѪɫסȻһϲȴ˿ɫδ¶Ļص
Ҷü˵Ȼشüһµ𣬵Ŀһɨ·ѪɫеӰ󣬲֪뵽ʲôȻ˲ָƽûģ߹ʬӦûδɣѪһʦж޷ġ߰Ʒ֮һ޷ӳΪȳ̶ȵķ֮ס𣿡
Ϸȴüʹ̶ֳѪסҲǴ´ģ޳ȴͨĻȴŵӣл﷽˵һ룬Ȼ·Ѫдһ춯صľ졣
ﾹڿд£Ȼ𣬻Ϊһѩ׾ĺݺնѪɫĻ֮ϣ渡ֳһǳǳѺ
ӿĻϱʱ粻
ٿѩ׾һֳȻûϼϥµĵϢֹһЦ˵ӾȻͽھ޳֮ߣ֮ڷҪһʱ顣˳ʱĻıԿѾ˽
˵⻰˫Ŀսһɨȥ
ҶüûӿʲôͬĿһĿˡ
ֻƬ̹սѾֳ³ˡ
ۺﻹǷԶ̫ĺεĹ˿̺ȻѾ·ˡ
Ƕ̫ɫƣѾ֪ʱӶ֮£пӿİɫ⻨ѾΪڴСһʼķ֮ﻯΪ˹·ѡ
Ȼ㺹ܵĽڶ̽Ŀ⣬ڸһĽĻЩɫ⻨ײ£ɵ𶯲ѣ·ÿһ׻ޱȣֻ֧ܿŵӡ
˿ԵȴѾһͷӰֶһͷɫϺ
һһͷӰ£ֻɫɷ׵ĿԱѡ
ڶź˫յһǰɫĻѣƴռϷӣɫȴΪѿ
ΪΪֵ͸ֻڹĻһߵָ߾ٹǣһ˫ĿյĬĬʲôʼնûκη
ϸ֮ϸ۲Ϳɷ֣͸зһסѪɫĻϵǵѺۣڻֺ
ԭǰͷνġʬȻ͸вݵġ
ѹԶź˶ųһĻ⣬ϾκԾٶˡ
һսţȴԵøĹˡ
ȽѪľ޺Ϊһ¼˽֮࣬Ƴޱȵıȴ·ǩһɣ޹֮һɹɰם쫷硣
ȴֻǵֳһɫֱ̽϶һɫܣ֮·һ˿ûУȻ쫷ÿÿԿƲܶعӰ֫һŤͷ·ëһ
̶ʱڣþ޺ƵļѪо޹趯Խͣ޲һͽţֱҳ⽴
ҶüطΣȴɫ
ӿսһϲĿǱߺȴɫһ
Ҷüıֺȴü΢ᡰסһ


220 ս£
ڴ£սȴͻ
Ȼ̫һ⣬ųƬɫ⻨ĽӲԶ󣬾Ȼμԡ
ζһвˡʩɣ˵Ļɩ޷̫õġֽ̫֮ɫķɿ˵
ĸҪô𣡺ûе̶ֳȰɣ˺󣬿Ǻ󻼲СġĴ߶ͷӰΧѣһԣһ¶˳֮ɫ
ǿѾͷò˶þƿѪġǱߵĶҲͬѰҲһʱʱܽġǴǰĸӶ֮صġҲõʩĵԪһл游Իᶯҩָġ̫ˣȴüһ˵
һ˻һݣĿѪɫǱ߷ɿһֶۣ̫ԵȷҲһҧĴӦ
ãǺʩ
䣬δһѺ˵ذףȻԼɿһѪӷƤڿӿ
̫ˣӡһ̫֮ϲӻŲͬɫķһȫϡ
ɫĹȫ𣬺ȻһЩ
λǰذһգʮָһմѪԼͷ֮ĻһŹ֮ηͬʱзɿĳֲ֪Ϲŷ
һ̣üѪɫһ´ͬʱм׷͹Ķ˲ѪһƬ
ۡһ
ξѪлΪ˰˰ĺģͬʱѪ˿Ȼ·ڸһѪһ㡢ͬʱһ˵ϢȻüѪɫпӿ޾֮⡣
ʱβֱһ̧һָǳĳ嶭̫һ
ǹϢһӿͷ·Ұ̫Ϲעȥ
Ѫһ½ȫ޸ˣϢһӴ˲䣬еһУپ͵һ󣬾Ϊ˰˰ĺ
ָĿĶ̫ϢӰ£ǲͣתۼͻΪɶߵȻһͦվֱ
ʱ޸ˣȻϡܿǶ̫ģһƬȻΪ˵֮ɫͬʱü˵ѪɫĿ
ǺȻʹһǿұǰ֪ǿ˶١̫޴壬ֿ˿󣬺Ȼ׷Ц
ոհѵǰɫ⻨ĺԭֱӳ嶭̫һĿô˾󣬵һݵĽŲһ
ʩɹͬʱӰû˲֮£ö׶һڽ߷׷׶ɢ
һ̫ڵľ޴ģҲɫһ䣬Ȼһζˣںԡ
ֻǻһۣȻֶԵе˼ȻֵĿǰľ޴
ĸһоȫˡ޷֧ȥˡͬʱʩϵĿö̫Цһ˵֮ˡһҲ޷վȵ˵ϡ
ͬʱϱѪһֹͣˣͬʱϲǹϢҲһ³׵ĵȻ޴ˡ
İɣѾ˴еĺǰ⼸СǼһҲҶˡ̫ʮ˵ֺ֮Ȼǰһġ
䡱һ죡
һɫ˴ּ˲һ󣬾ͻΪһɫľ޴ꪡ
̫һѽץסһ趯󣬵ڸиֶ˲仯ΪһźˮΧ
ͷˣжһ飬ʱͬһʱĳˡ
ｫڶ̽һףַɿָȥڶ̽һģ󣬾һԶģûʮӰ
Ůһ߳нӰƿм漤
һߵķſһžѪö׶ͬʱѪһۺ󣬾ΪһĻΪһöɳľͼ׶鲼ѪɫƣɢһŨŨѪϢ
̫ˣһЦһꪣʹ˵ӭȥ
һʱչͨսһ
̫ľ˱仯ÿйۿҶüΪ֮һ¶һ˿˼ɫҲ;޺һд
⣬ԭڴսбֵ̫⣬ǿߵĹעﱻѪУԷ̫Ϊ㾪˵һ
һĻЩֶλ´սܴܶˡһڵŹ棬մ󺺾ԲùӳԵġ
뵽ʱΪһƮתʱɵһٻʱѱ׵ľ޺ץס˴
˫Ŀһ֮󣬺Ȼо޹һȻһģΪһ͸ˮһŵֱһҧԼٴһţһɰããˮһһ󣬾ͻΪˮҷȫǵС
Щˮδϣԭֱֱȥľ޹һ±˻ȴЩˡ
ӦһߣȻһһöɫСУֻǰһӣƬ
ˮЩˮһûУϢĻΪΡ
޺Σȴһʧڣˮ죡ɱεԭǻǴµһ
޺ʧ϶ʱøӴŭˣȻͬʱһһҲΪ˰˵ıĿȻ־ͰһƤһ£ֳݺһͶ
ĿкһСһκ˲ֻɫֱֻ̽һһɭȻһݺնƤϡ
䡱һ
Ƥ˲仯ΪƬıѶмһһֱ
üͷһûж֮⣬ж̽һð߳ĳһȥ
һ죡
ⱻɫնֱӷأдһȻҲһɳ
ʱձվȥȻһͷȻԱǰٶȳؿڼ
һδվȣͼæж̽趯𣬶ʱһɫӰӿ
һ⾹һ㽣Ӱűɫֱ̽һĵɳȥ
ʱĿһڿĿ
Ȼһߵϸ㡣
ͨǰͺͷǷ·ļޱȣռĴ֮࣬СһԽ͸ĳֻ۷£ʹһͷٴλΪĳ
ʲô㣬Ȼһ½Ȼûնɱ㣬һһٴγԼҲЩȻˡ
ʱ޺Ȼ޴βһ棬һڿնһŵһģ󣬾ȻΪһԽӲӾݺһж


221 ٤֮սϣ
ϬȻҲһĳƤһɺźХһֱӭ漤⣬ͬʱ½һתͷųһɫӰ޺ȥ
һ౬Ѻ󣬾޺һģͱݺύɫӰӲƵĵɶء
ͬһʱ䣬ͷɫʹӺͻȻ˳İ׹Ыһײ˸ţ֮˴һŵ˵ϡ
׹Ыֻһ̧ͱĳɫ񹥶ȥ
Ȼû㣬ǰͷ·һУͷ­ڶ֮£Ȼס˹ЫĴ빥żЩϣһ˹ȥ
Ȼˣ˹ĵֵҲƬ̼ѣ
ЫβΪʮߵļ뵽к󣬹һ£϶ʱѪ׶Ѫ
شо綾£ϳֲ֧״̬ˣֻ˫Ĳͣ
ʱľ޺ȴֻܶԹΣ޶á
Ϊ˿̵һɫӰһɫвҪļ䲻ͣ
ɫһʼһööĵƬ̺󣬾ĵһĿ
޺ֱȻӲްܼ£ҲֻܽǰһƬ⣬֧ŶѣȻ©нһͷг˿ڣӿɫѪҺ
־ŭȻľ޻֮ıһֱѹſ
Ȼ޴βպݺһɨۼ̼ͻΪ˹ˮȻ޷Ͷ̫ݵĺˮ֮޿ɱȣҲԽȫС
зһǰʱд㺣ˮˣʣһɫƬֵ£ֻһЩ׺ˡ
ʱɫӰͷȫһ²Ӱȡ֮ǰֳһų򣬿ʼֻڴСǵһת󣬾лΪˮװ޴
ȥ
һͺȣһ޴ͺ¡¡ֱ޺һҶ
ΣһȻԸӲӴ˵ȹһҪһһܶ
ʱȻһȵ棬˾ͻΪ漤ȥ
޺ܹ޴򣬾;ǰһΣ䲻Զĵطһһ̧һɫͲͶ׼
á
޴󰵽һܵĻȴѾˡ
ֻԡһһžӨ˿ͨһýš
޺ֻһ庣ˮھ˲䣬ʼɱ
һֻ𰾷һ裬ϱʹѶ
ʱ䲻Զȴһ˿졣һϢһƮȥ
޺һδǺʱͺȻеϢһϻһ֣ǿԭľͻȻһ׼ȷޱȵĵأ䲻ҵϡ
һ춯صľ죡
޺һҽк˾ͱ𳹵ûˣֻ£Ģ״ĳлΪ˷ɻҡ
ͬʱͷɫΪ;޺˲䣬Ҳɵ΢΢һЫһץסٴ˵˵ϣֻѹסβһ󣬾ĺһ
ͷԭҲһּϡеĺޣ˿ȴ˸ǧٿףͬʱڶҲѹסıɫ˲仯Ϊ֮ɫѪۿɼٶȷɿ
һ˾޺ǿС
˿̵ɫЩ΢΢ףһָͷ­ɿ˼ºɫ΢ÿһЩ
֮ԻˣΪǰΪ˿ƾͻص䣬ķ˴Եʡ
ңطֶΣǰȻҲԹΣֻһЩͨ𵯺ͷУֻ΢ıһ¹ѣԾͻȫȴǵһΡ
ȻΪ⣬ľ֮ҲЩԤ֮⡣
ʱҲ˲Щˡ
ΪʱԶһսҲֳʤ
ֻһЦһСЩӰʹһŷתĺˮеɳȥ
ǺŮ
Ůɳʮһĺ󣬾ֱԵڵصĻ˹ȥϱ鲼ĴС˿ڣ·ͬʱиһ㣬ڶ̽һ鲼ʮСڣһֱӴмһΡ
ڷתˮȻһֶ¶˶̫٤Ȼ
ʱ֮ɫһֻץľ޴ǰˣŷڵӵ
ꪷпֱӶҪͬ鲼˺۲£ѪֱѾû˿ˡ
ˣĿһƺâһ
̫һΣ߶ºˮԺһȥһȴƺӦʲôȻת˹˫ĿúһԶϣͫײ΢΢һ
ʱȻҲ߳˵ϵһǼ⣬Ϊֵľ޺ѾȻ޴ˣֻǾѪڻĹʬ塣
Ҳ˵ϻһ̧ȣ޴һ߶ȥ
ͬʱ׹ЫȴƺҲӵʲôʾһֱû治Ӱ
̫٤ȴһ󣬳ϵķʬſһ磬һ溮һͽʬ廯Ϊһű顣
΢΢һбڴѶˡ
λк٤ĺ帾ˣޱȣȻҲ쵽Ĳͬһ㣬һС
һߣźȻ͸ĹĻնѡ
ʱĹĻѾǰС˽֮࣬͸ǰĴ֮ɫͷѾȺͬʱһɹӱ
֮ˣһΪźĹ뻹ΪһߵﶯٴιѪεԵʡ
ȻƴעѪ֮УȻ޷ʱֲѪɫĻ³ֵѺۡ
˿̵ѪɫĻѾ鲼ʮѺۣÿһȵһ
߿֮УԭЦ֮ɫĿӣѾɫĿⲻͣڶ̫ɨѣƺں߼ʵࡣ
Ҷüȴͭɳɫ
۷̫٤ꪶݾͻ򽫴˾޺Ϊ˷ɻң·𶼲˿Ķݡ
丽սϣմ󺺵ʦȴΪˡ
֣ʲôˣȻͽǿд߶֮ƷˣӾ֮ǿͽҲŽǰʮ֮ˡ̲סתմһ䡣
һĵһɫؾΪ¹󹦣ȷʵйܵѲңֻҪȥԼӴһ£ҲͿ֪ˡմĿºȴ˸ص
ԭҲȺĵӣڹصغú׼ʦŵμְ֮ģЩСˣԣȻһЦ


222 ٤֮ս£
ȣڻȻԼĵͲֹ˰ɣմһʱԱֲȴȻһЦ˵
ԭˣĳЩðˡ»ǾЩϧˡϵͷȴɫĻص
մԣüͷһ壬˵ЩʲôʱսȴȻһ촫Ȼøնһ
һ£Ҳ˲ý̸·һȥ
ֻʱֽһ⽣Ͷ̫٤еľ޴Ӳһ¡
һŵŵĵ߰˲Զȥһȴһͬɳȥ֮ԶȻϰӡ
סεֻٻӶо޴⽣һ£ɫ˿䡣
̫ںˮһֱȴǳԾɫˡ
Ҫ֪Ȼɺ٤ǿᣬԶͨġ
ǰͷһУڲͨ£Ҳܹƾо޴ꪾսʤֵġ
ʱȴһģ󣬾Ȼһ»ûһ޶Ӱȫһĳ嶭̫һ
̫Ȼ֮гɣȴһߣֻǰһºˮһХһ˵ǰһȥ
ۡһ
ڵһ󣬴ӰȫһһȴһģӲ˺ˣɫ⽣ֻһһͽһ
̫üһ˵Ľǰһ裬ͺݺݻ˾ͽ
һ󣬾ͽӲһɢ
Ƭ̵飬ȴһŤ˿ûе۽붭̫󲻵Զĵطһоͷ͡ƿһֶ̽һҲৡৡһһ
ͬһʱ䣬̫٤´Ӱһ׹Ыӵһ˶ֱֻȡ˫㣬ͬʱβһҡΪʮ߽
Ͱ׹ЫϿ޷죬һԲͽ޿ɱܣ
Դ˵ȹ̫󲻻ŲæĿһХꪺȻһģĻΪһɫᦣ֮ߣӡģɫġ
ֻ̫ǽȻһΣһȦȦɫƴһµ
˼һĻˡ
ɫ֮ۺˮǷнйȻһ֮ȫɢ
׹Ыһҽк󣬱һɫӲһ
һһΣԾٶȵĵء
̫ȴһ߳кɫһǰ嵹ɳȥһȥ
һֻ̣ܿһһ˲ݳٶΪ֮һ١
ţɫһ֣ȻһֳǰһץºˮǰһΪһɴɫ֣ݺһץȥ
ɫһ䣬һǸ˾ˮ͵һûڲӰ
顱һ
ɫһ½ץ˸ţָһҪֱ˸顣
ֻһģͻΪ˰͸Һ״̬һŤ󣬾;˿ĴӾһ
֮ͳʮ⣬һſڣͽɫСһ¶˲ָ˳̬
ˮ죡ɱε񣿡̫Ŀô˾ȴһ¼оȻһԾһϲӡ
һɫһɫ̽Ȼһףַɿ̽յָһ򻺻һ̧з⣬Լһö߳ɫ׶۶
̫ˣһݣ˵ĽһΣͳٴңңһ
߷һȴһΣ͹Ȱĳһط
ָպ󣬶̫ɫʱ̫ÿȻͺһʹˮֱӳһ
ʱ·ٴκӰһ׹ЫȻһźɫ£嶭̫Ҳһ˶
ҹ
̫˴ŭкɫһӣһƬϼһ
׹Ыȴ˫Ŀ̹һȻһſڣһ
ۡһ
һӴϼ󣬾Ȼɲһһȼն
ЫһΣȻֱӶͬʱϺɫȻǰһͺݺҵǰˮϡ
һĻˡ
һӴɫСֺˮȻһ±īɫͬʱһŨŨɢһԾٶȷɿɢ
ԭֻֻӶᦾͽЫһɵĶ̫Ŀô˾һٵæú·ˮһ
顱һ
СɫˮĴӿһ£׹Ыȴٴγ嵽˶̫ߣβһ󣬾ͻΪʮģߵĶ
ʶ׹Ыľ綾󣬶̫ô˹մԼֺֻǽɫԼǰһչʹпӿɫģٵһת󣬼Ϊһɫܡ
ɫβһڷϺ󣬵һ޴ʹƶ˲䷴˰׹Ыϡ
ͷһ󣬾ʹһɽζĴӿ׹ˡ
йЫƬ赲ǱȴѾʩˡ
˫ĿԲһͺȺһָһһֱɫԲ¾ڷתУһģĲˡ
һֱֻһ۶߳ͱ׶Ҳһļˡ
һ̣̫ͷһɫԲ¾Ϣĸֶһ
ͬʱɫ׶һɢ溮ҲŮԶĵط
̫Ŀô˾дݣȻһֽɫ߿һףΪһźɫĻסͷͬʱһƶһֻȴǰһץˮһӿϣٴλΪһֻɫֵĳ׶һץȥ
䡱һ
ɫԲһ˺ɫУڷתкһɫ绡֯Ƶһһʱѷµӡ
ɫһץס׶˲䣬ȴĿкһһһ֡
һ󣬾޴׶ȻеıѶ溮֮һ֮󣬾ˮһɱ
ڴһ˲䣬һâӱеֱ嶭̫٤ü
̫ȻʵˣҲû뵽ȻѾһ£ȻͬʱеڶȻˣֻһеȻȫüһ۶ȥһƾϸֶƴһͷ­
ۡһ
âһĻ˶̫ͷǲ赲£ȻһûУȴֻͷһС־ͱӲûֱӶͷ­
оʹҲ֪ˣ
̫һҽУȻһָԼͷ­ݺһ˿ڴһĺ÷һȻһɫϸӲһ
ϸвͣŤȴһƬϼסһʱ侹Ȼ޷Ѷ
Σɫ΢΢һ
֮׺ЩԤ֮ˣɲѾ˱Ӱ涾£Է˶á
뵽û˿ɵĳԶɫԲٴһ㡣


223 ɨ
ԭͺ£һ֮һµıѶϰٵͬʱйһ½赲һȫ˺ѶΪɭȻ·һȥ
̫һ̧׼ΣȻͷлʹޱȣҲ֪ʱٲƴĻҪʹˡ
ȻβһˮͬʱһſڣһʺѪֻ̣Ǳһ㣬һɳ⣬̻ΪɴСȻһʱÿ½΢΢һ٣û
̫ô˻ᣬһ󣬾Ȼӳ˽ַΧ
ˣһʹȫ߱Ӱ룬ѿƵٸ̫һ
ʱȻԶġ䡱һ촫
ѪĹĻɲǼ䱻һѩ׽һ顣
Ŵ˽һ;ĺʮɾ룬һĴӶ̫󱳲ΧӴɿһƣͽնء
ֵѩ׽Ⲣûоʹ˰֣һһ»Ϊ齣ĽȫɭȻ£˲һƬѪ⡣
ѩ׽һζڸһԭصֳһޱŮӣڵ
ΣĿɿڴˣգգۺ󣬻ǳʬ崦һС
ۡһһâеһŵĻصС
ŵһۺٳһһһѩ׽һͽΪ缸Ѫήޱȵ͸һնƬ
ڸһõޱȵĹĻ˲䱻ⶴ飬δ赲ֺ
ԭΪ˶ϲĶźҲһһֺҲֻӵĿЦˡ
˻޷˿Ѫɫûе⣬кȫնɱһˡ
ⳡҲĻ
߿УϿӣ˿ɫޱˣĿº󣬺Ȼֱһ̧һָ·һ
ۡһ
ϵһҽУһξ綴ͷ­ͬʱ˲ֳһѪ棬ʬһ»Ϊ˻ҽ
ѣǺ⣿
Ҷüԭ·ڵȡʤ¶һ˿Ц⣬һĿô˾Ϣһ±ñ̹ˡ
ûʲô⺢ӼȻѪ;ܻСԼ˵ĺֻҪǻʤˣҲŻǼ뿪ڼȻʧˣȻҲɥʧ˻ŵȨҲǺġٺһ˵俴ɥĵط¶һ˿ϧ֮ɫ
ȻֻһѪǺеѪʵ̫ѵˣɱʵһ£
˵ˣҪһѪѪߣʹҲóȻˡ
˵ЩĿӣһ·ɳʥӼɫУһͷԶƿնˡ
ҶüĿ絶ĿԶȥɳһ˿ԥ֮ɫڻδȡκж
Ҷʦ壬ҪҪȥʹڲ鿴һ£ǷҴˣȴڴʱǰһ˵
˿ڼǺߵɴ࣬˭Ҳܲµʹں˿´Ѿˡλнޣǲıһ˿ϣ
ãʦֶһͬȥʹһ°ɡ⣬˳㿴ǷҴ壬ѡһ»ʵ۳ķںҪܾʹ˻Ҷüԣ˼ķԸһ
ϺֲȻӦһֱΪݹļ¡
ʦֶǼһϵаޣȫͷһһҳնɱһᶯһ·գ㳤ʱӦ㹻ˡҶüִһ򣬿׸մ󺺡
մ󺺽ӹȻһݣԹĴӦһʹʣʦһɶȥˡ
ʱҶüȴһתȻһɵɴֻ߿һףһ㡣
һɻڵľϢκڵĴӴŮϱֱȥ
ʹһЩһֱ͵͵ӻʹǰսɢޣΪЩģֻˡһͷ׷һڵֱӷԵˡ
ЩԶЩΪԸߵɢޣҲֻһһ޷ԭվסˡ
žͼʹϿգһŻɫת𣬲һһƬϼзɾ˷Ծٶһɢ
乤Ȼֱһ㿴污ޱȵĻɫ˿סˡ
ĿôΣԭΪ֪Ÿ׷׹ĸ߲㣬ʱĿɿڴˡ
Щ֮ˣϾ뵽˺ܾǰһЩôţʱ󾪵ķ׷״˿ʼЩɫ˿
˿ȻҶüλͷųֻԭĺ֮ϣ֮£ЩɢܹƵġ
ΪһЩ˹̫ͣӴ˻ɫ˿ķܡ
ֻ˿һ죬һƬɢ޾ȫնء
һĻʱʣµŵĻɢ֪Լٶѣһɢ
ʱմ󺺵Ѿչһɱ¾֮磡

һպվڷɳС
˿̲ŮҲͬվС
ĴҶüһϣǰһ̴ḷ̌ݺύĺڰӣһֳֺڣһְֳףȻһͬʱ˵ӡ
Ҷü洦ֲ϶ͬȻվ
˵ʹĺȫԾˣһȶùо궼һɢҲκһˡҶüһöӷĳλú󣬲ŵһ䡣
ǵģҶʦ塣ҺӲʹ⣬Ǳʮɶһ飬ȷڵȷûκһˡЩ󳼺ͨĻʹֻʱԻ󣬱ѡΨһ鷳ǣǵϵѪĻȫһҲˡӴˣƺں¶֮ЩеЩүȫһˣڻ֪ġΨһҵģֻмѪԶĻŮˡԣæǰһĹص
ߣЩаӦɨСҵֻЩŮǾʹѡһģ䵱ŮʰɣЩүԺǷҵûгֹˡҶüЦһ˵ֽһöӷĳ
ǣʦֶȥˡԣһȻĻص
Ҷʦ壬ʦָղŴŹ˵ѾϸȫɨаҲ붼նɱˣһЩ˶صıȽأ»Ҫٵһ죬ܳ׽ʱֲҲһ˵
ֻҪУ¾Ͳһ㱨ˡҶüӡ


224 
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ûʲôαܹʤλ˴󹦣ҲǱҵ档˳ôɣϹԺңҪ䳰ȷһˡҶüΪ˵
лǰʦֶܹõ˼ҵ㣬ĻԵˡֲһϴϲ˵ͬʱæһ֡
ԣ֮£ͬһϲæǰĹл
˼ΣҲһ
ﻹãĽ֮ɫˡ
ԭа״죬˵ҲǵڶμˣҼҲЩԵˡҪЩʲôô˵ãҪôµĹƥ䣬İҾ̰ỰŵҾʱϵġҶüһŶº״ʽһ˵
ʦֶҶǰǰֲһ⻰Ȼһ
ԣҲĲ죬ʵ벻ͨһڵͼӣλҶüǿʶġ
Ҳû뵽ٴμǰԭΪǰͽˣͲ֪ǰеĺô˲̰⣬ɻʲô𣿡һת󣬵ʵʵĻص
ֻҪҪҷУϾûʲôˡҶü΢΢һЦشȴһ죬ĸ̲ѡ
ʲôв䷴УҲ̫ģһɣ
Ȼˣɿתͣʼ˼ʲôҪüֵ󻯣ֲǰǿһھܾ
ҶüΣҲûдߴٵ˼ֻһֱǷһ˿ЦЦɫ
֪ǰпʺɷ֮𣿡˼˰κЩ̽һ䡣
ɷ֮ȷмݣд붼ѾˣʣһЩȴ̫ͨȷҪһ𣿡Ҷüδ֣ƵĻص
֪Щͨɷ֮ͬһɷ֮һתһ䡣
⵹ûеġЩɷ֮ÿһֻһݶѣҶüŲæص
ˣȻֳһ˿ʧ֮ɫתһֿʵȻɷ֮ǰûкʵġǰп̫֮
̫֮Ӻδ˵ֲϵġ˶ƷɽļƷϣ֮˺֪ģⶫҪûУУҲġӣƺϼֵ̫ӣҾһҪˣеĻŵˡҶüüͷһ״ֳһ˿͵˵
ԭˣлҶǰ¡ĻܸܲѧϰһЩ޵֮пЦһ˵һõҪ
Ϻֲ˻Щˡ
֮ѵ޽֮뷨ߣҲ٣д˶;ˣֻ˲гɣĽȣԶԶġȷѧϰĵʵ㲻ѧĻҲܴһЩһЩ֮ˣ潫Ҫ˷ڴ棡Ҷü⻰˫Ŀһ
еЩĵãҲġǰ֮϶ͷеЩΪͬġǰܹȫһһΣȴԥ˵
ܺãȻѾҿԴӦҪ󡣲ֻܸһЩĵָ㣬ûо֮Ҷü䡣
ûϵǰĽĵҲУ˼Ļص
ܺãԵһ£ҶüͷӻһöֻͷһķƬ̺󣬾ͽһöĳһ׶
ϲĽӵкҶüȴȻһ˵
ҵͽʱĵѾȫˡȻûо֮ƾЩĵãֻҪԻҵһ׾ھӦҲǿšסˣѾʩˣֻһʱ佫䱳죬˽ͻеҴЩĵãȻʲô˲õĶҲ뱻̫֪֪㽫䴫ˣҲὫֱնɱĵˣһɱһʮɱʮһٸҲɱһٸġҶü˵
ңὫĵٴڶ˵ġһ˵
ãǿ뿪ˡҶüº󣬾ͳֲһ֡
ʹʦֶȸˣҶǰʲôԸܴѶˡ
ֲ𵱼ʩ
֮ʹӷɳһڿշԶһɶȥˡ
ڷ;Уֲ´ͣǹŹֵı顣
ȻŮʶҶüЩԾҪ⡣
ͬһʱ䣬ͭɳϣЩ̲סʵʦ壬ԼĽĵãһͽˣ
ôҵ飬Ҫ𣿡
ңʦֶֻ΢Щֶѣ
ҶüƮƮһ仰ȴһ飬æл
ˡֻҪ֪ȻԼ⡣ҸֻŽĵöѣ㲻ʲô̫Ķ˵֤һ飿Ҷü˵ͬʱü״ֳһ˿ײɻ
һ˲䣬ʹڵԼܵһ޵ĽϢϢһ֣һʧǳ΢Ƹɲ
ҲΪĽⲢҼΪʦ̫ԶԶԵʣǻһͨڽޣ޷ִµġ
ҲЩ⽣ǷĴڣԼһִѡ
Ҫ֪ģ߽֮ŵӲСԶĲ˵ټУͽҲֻһ˶ѣҲǿ꣬ڽͽں󣬲۶ġ
һһͨڵӣҲнϢġ
Կ϶ԼһμλСʱ򣬶ԷûиԼָоġ
Ϣɨϸȷ΢ڣĳ⣬ûջˡ
ôŮһЩ֮ˡ
ټһͽģ󷽵ĽԼŽĵôڵġ
ֻҪԷԼĽĵãԼ´ټӵʱӦþȷжˡ
Ҷü㣬Ȼϵ˽͵ģҴȻЩȤҲϵġ
ϾֻһͽȽϢҲʵ˼¡

ص۵һҺֱ£һֻﴦһɫԼЩ粻ˡ
ʱԿ϶Լö֮ԴӼλڵĻڳϺ󣬾ԼЩˡ
ԭ˿оûеöߣһӽҶüʱ򣬾ڵ︽һ΢΢
Σöϻǵһγ֣


225 Ӱ
Ȼ֪ԵɣҲλҶǰ˾Զ֮˼
ϾڻǱǸصĹݣһ汻ǿ߷ֺ󣬿ɲ֪кֺġ
Ȼ˵δ֪ӣƾᴿʶؿռã϶Ǵ֮Ȼõڶ֪µġ
ȻδܴҶüеõҪĶ佣ĵãԺԼ֮ߣ޹·ġ
Ͼеǲ̫ʵ̫ˣ˾֮⣬ĵ᷽ļء
ҶüĽĵãٴӷռһЩ߰ص伮ӦҲ˳̤뽣֮ˡ
Ҫֱ֪ķɽ֮ΪĽģл˵ģȻܷġ
Ψһ鷳ǣ̫Ҫ̫֮ȻƷɽļƷϣһ㷽Ǹ޷ֻ֣ͨһЩ;ſҵġ
һںͺ˲СͣմҲûĵָƿ鵤ǧ׵㡣
źȻҲʹͣȻࡣ
ʱ䣬һֱڹš
մ󺺺ֲʦûٸǲʲô
һֱմɷĻصϺ󣬲ٴټ
ȼԸһŻδҵа󣬾ԼҶˡ
ٹһ죬һٴ߳߿һȥʱڱĻɫȻѾӰ١
ˣӵѶϢҶüմ󺺵Ѿ뿪Էȥˡ
ʱ΢Щĵȫ߽һգ֮һ߱ɨһաʣµˣڿнһʧ󣬵ȫӿǣҲҼˡ
һֻǰķ֮һңһʱʵʵҲðͷȥʲô顣
˺һڣйؾɻʱУŮʵǻϢҲΪĵ˿
ΪżӣڵǻеĵգȻȺУۿŮʵǻȫ̡
ڶά£е쳣˳
νġŮʡһЩʮŮӡ
ЩǣڵǻоȻλΪѾĽͳ졣
˿̵ӣɫЩ԰⣬ûмκ˺ƺⳡвδ̫ܵ󲨼һ緢ӡ
ȻûȥλΨһдĽͳȥǵȵһ󣬾ķضˡ
ǻû죬䶴УմǬѾͷ
մŮ뿪ǰ˵ĻѵˣھҪˣʶŵһΪǣΪŮͯ
ǬѾͷҪ뿪ߵʱڽ֮鳹ױ˳
һۣл̸СѾͷһͷȫתģ
Ѿͷȷ֮ϱֳ˲ټҪȥǴһڣ漴ʹܳΪͽҲԵõ㹻ıӻˡ
һǬĳŵҲһˡ
ڴڼ䣬ȥǮͷǱ߸һ¡
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ȻڵĴӦ
һգڶУ鿴һֽƬԼдһЩһЩԡ
Ŀǰ桰ᡱֺдŵ֡
ǺеҲǺʹеһźͶš
մ󺺵ʦɨϳʱʼδ¶λֵʹߣȴһܲȴմ󺺵նɱˡ
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Ŵһŵͼǳ΢·󣬾ؽȥˡ
һӺҲ֪ʲôѰĳ䴦һŲ֪˶ľǰ
ǴˣʱҲġΧžת˼ȦĿϿһϲ૵˵֮һ͵˾ϣӸµĿ¹µĵӰ
ʱţģӰʼĳƶı䳤ϸ
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ϲһĴһɶµʱ򣬺Ȼɫһæ΢΢һʱȫûҶУͬʱϢҲΪ֮һ
Ƭ̹ƿһ죬ȻӰһһߣһ֣һζ󣬾ȻҲͣھ·
Щ֣𣿡Сĵɨ˼ۺ󣬸ߴЩӰͬ˵
֪ҰɡЩӰԣʱȡһԲ̣Ȼɵײһһٷɿ
ۡһ
Բһ´ʱֺӰֱһһֻͨԲֱû֮Уһ󣬾ͳһںĶ


226 ǰ
ȻһȭͷѪ쾧ʯҷһóɢһŨŨѪζ
̫ˣڣûбЩǿ߷֣ţǽڴ˵ˡߴӰˣϲ˵
ھһһš֣ʱһа˼ɰɣԼڴ˵ؾһͷ©֮㣿
ٺ٣ǵȻġѪЩүѪģܴܲ򿪱شţͿˡ˵ˣҪѪ֮׷Щ䣬òʱڴ˵أֺαضʱġЩӰѪɫʯЩƵ˵
˵ڱνһ˰ʱ²õģЩʦʩҲ޷˵쳣ġ˵ˣⶫڴ˵أЩǿ߽ٵʱ˭ҽⶫߵġߴӰ˻ص
⵽ҲǡҲ˵Ųδй¶ǵܡϧԭҲģȴû뵽Щǿ߶죬ǳһıֱӶϳˡҲֻ˴ʱѡЩǰҲֻܱһһˡЩӰȵͷ̾һ˵
ţҲѾȻ𣬺α˵ЩҵǸ棬ô֪ҺǰʵǳͬһѪġйر飬ҲҵҶ˵ģŹͬ齨ġǰҺ㣬͸¶ֵġҲѾˣܿ͸©һЩ˰ɡߴӰǵһ䣬ֺȻĿһһ䡣
ߣһţʲôʱıˡѾ˴˲ȷҲָˡΪľǰҵϵѪڵĻңʵҲǰһЩҵĺֻѪԵԶһЩˡڷǰԼʦ뷨ŻĳķЩ档ƾԼԾݴĻʵ۱ⱦҲǰΪһµģԭֻҪǵʱĵϵҵӣһϾѪ㹻ƶ´ˡϧǰʱ̫ˣѪҲЩˣû̫ЧֻнЩľѪһˡЩӰĬƬ̺󣬲üĿ˵
ԭǰҺˣѹˡǰƷ鲢ôϣýǰغЩ˹ߴӰ˺ɫһ粻ջǸЦһ˵
ߣǰЩɵϣ֪ŵǿ󣬾Ȼƾһ㷲ƷڣԼ飬кοԹ޵ġ˵˶꣬˵ֻԼ޳ʦҪ顣ϧһ˵򲻿ЩƣҲֻǰæˡΪ˺ƽЩأҲĸԸġѾܸܸ÷˰ɡһţ߰ɣѾڴ˵̫ʱˡȡƽֺҲ÷ֵˡЩӰ˵
ٺ٣УֻҪ㹻ʯҾչ㹻ɷ֮ѴˣೢԼΣҲһ˿ΪʦĿܡһΣߴӰûж˵ʲôֻȼ󣬾һһƮȥˡ
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䣬ʹȡһŻɫһģһЩɷĸֶһŵûС
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óһŷǰһ׵к󣬾ͲŲæǰˡ


227 Ӱ
ԼԶԼӦѾϼɽ·ʱ򣬵ֿʼˡ
һûƣڰӺڿǰͷһɢŵ׹ɫʯš
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ۡһϵһ㵭ƹסˣһûһʯˡ
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ȫƽɫʯש̳ɣЩִʯ󶼱ƻĿȫǣֻмܱ
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ӰŮӾͻΪһ̵ƾɢˣֻԭһ޹ıɫԲ顣


228 ͼ޼
ҹŮҪɱ㣬һҪʬΣƤǽߴһӰŮӣȻתۼ䱻նɱˣȥȵģһУñŭޱ
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Ըߴ˵ļʶ᲻֪Լĳ涾һʱ֮ҩɽġ
Ҳһ֮ɫֻһ󣬾ͺȻֱһһָ糤ָףԼϥǴһ


229 ʬ
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˾ɫһɣĿһ󣬾һߵսС
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ɲǼ䣬Ժ˾˹Ыͷ­ļй֮УȻ仢ͷ治ͣҲһǽķ񷴻Ҳ̼ʹ·硣
ʱж̽һһɫҲ뵽˹С
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230 ɷʬ
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231 ɷʬ֮ս
ֱ֮һ̧һָһ㡣
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ʱԭȵĻĴȴâһһɫϸеһź󣬾͵üۿҪֱӶ


232 
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Ȼſڵһ˲䣬һŻҝһ
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ͬʱɫ׶궯飬һбѶ
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ͻȻǰһƾ˫ǰ赲ȴû˿ã·֮һ㡣
һЦ󣬾Ҫٴһκֱڡ
ʱȻʮöƬһ֣ǹһӴĳƬϺ󣬾ȻһҽУ˲仯Ϊһźĵȥ
ȴǼۼףһӦа￿󣬾Ȼзӳ˾˵ܣ˹һˡ
ΣȻϲ˼Ȼһſڣһ磬Ӳԭתͣһʱ޷ǰˡ
֮ٵһָǾ߽ɫһ㡣
顱һ
òɫ⻷˲ɢмķ飬ֻһģ󣬾ҵ˹ϡ
ƬƬɫͬʱںбѶ
ҽɫâз䶯ѣȴһʱ޷ָԭģ
ⴭϢʱ䣬Ŵзɿһɫǰһ׶
ۡۡ
Щֻһģ󣬾͸ҩķ׷ں֮ϣ˲佫˸ʵʵ
зһ䣬һ֡
лɫʱΪŰ׹бѶڰ׹УԼеѡ
һΣҽжδڽлΪС
泤һ
ҪǴ˹ﲻ֪ԭһʼȻ޷뿪Ӱִ֣ɴвܿƹĶɱ仹֮顣
һִʹѡ
ղһմ󺺲ǰʹһרŶԸĸ߽׷ֵ֮󼸺ǵڱĽˡ
ҪǸղŹʵѲһĽûã᲻һȫõġ
˵ˣǴΪԹ˱ã顣ͷƬȻԹҲã⵹δԤϵ顣
˼뵽̧ϻЩ΢΢̵ƤףǰһС
ƿһ죡
һööԲ鼤һģ»Ϊһם顣
ԭͷ­ֻɫԳڹﱻɱͬʱҲΪɢʧˡ
ħͷƮƮһɶ
׹Ы˿Ҳܴӵ氼ݴЩĵܵߴֻǰ˲š
һɨЫЩѵطüͷ΢΢һ壬һƤ
ۡһ
һɺϼһͽЫ뵽ƤС
һΣͷЫ˲ᣬ޷ٸ˶ˡ
Ƿ­ȻЩԪȴûյ̫˺üġ
­ԸһڸȾź󣬲ſǾ߼Ľɫá
˹ǼڴԱߣһ˿ûеģ
жʱֳǰǼܱǽɫҺ˲串ȫΣȻ䲻СȤ
ڿɲоʱ
ֻΧ˽ɫתȦ󣬾ַ̧ųһö״Ľһն
ߵֺʬԱߡ
ڸղŵսУǹһʱ򣬾ͽʬ׵˵ϡ
һ󣬾Ȼ˼а伮޼ȻҲС
֮⣬мֵļöƷʯ
˷ȻΪ֮һϲ
ʱƺûмǸߴ˵ʬ塣
ֺֻǺ죬ˡΪһĸߴˣҲٵȥġ
ڴ˵һʱʱ˴ģҲżһʱ
ȫպúһ󣬾ǰߵӱԵ·һȥ


233 ɷ
ֻ·ȻȫǻҰɫƫƫֲһЩӨ˿ÿһͷϸƾȴ־ֹ״̬һּŹֵĸо
Ϣǡ
ųһӦеϸ˿¶˼ı
Щ˿ɢϢǰǾɷʬںмƣɷʬȻô˴ɷ֮壬˳ʱ䱣ġ
ɷʬǰ๥ֵǿ֮ȻܵͷУӦҲɷ֮ЧйϵġԵģɷ֮ƺֱԹΪƣǰɷʬҲ᲻ӲӾͻ򣬺ֱų׻ȥ
һĻвЩʧˡ
ȱ˼˵ɷ֮ɷеƷˡ
ϾЧǿԵ㣬һɷĻԺʱױرԣӶ׵
ɷǺɷ֮ȱǷԼ²㣬Ҫûȥ˼һ²ܿ϶ġ
ɷֻƷڣɷлܵɷֹݵӡ
˶ɷ֮ȱٴҲԵԼһıѡɷˡϾͬɷһЩĻܴͬɷʵġ
뵽ٳɵĴȡһͨĴƿ·ɷһף͵Ŀʼʩ
һٷǰŷһ޶Ĵƿ
ʱɷеĺ˿Ȼ޼ˡ
Ҳûнʣһɷȫһ򾡵˼һͽƿһն
֮ⶴһ顣
мɷ⣬ֵעĶˡ
ٽ­ҲսƤ󣬾ͻصԭȷĴ̧ڴһۡ
˫ĿһУɫ̽Ȼ߿һȥ
ۡһ
һĻֶɫһ
ǽƹȻڵġ
һû˴£ֱһģʱ̽ȥһɫ
һСһĻڴѶ
һЦһͻΪһӰĳ
顱һ
˫²ϲ㶴߳ڴϲı顣
ߴ˵ʬȻ
˼ļǰһҲҵƷʯһЩҩܷųѪɫ׻ͭ
˾ҲһȻܲӦֻһƷΪľóȥĻӦҲʯϵġ
Щϧģδҵʲô伮ԭһ۹֮Щʧġ
ʱ䣬ȥһʣµЩɫľ淢˲ٵϺʹʯһ޶Ʒ
ЩϵǰȻ࣬Ҳû̫ϧĶһ¼ֵҲʮʯӡ
˽ȱʯȻϲ
һε¶֮УõһĲ֪ɷ֮һŪ˽ӽʮʯ
óϵļ״Щȫһװ˵ۼȫһٶպ󣬲뿪ˡ
һæµͼɫѾʼ
ٷ󣬴ӵص󣬾ֱӻϼɽжС
ʱѾУǰһ߽ɫϸоš
ѾԹˣøһҺ֮ͨ徹ȻƷӲޱȣʹ½Ҳֻһǳǳ۶ѡ
뽫նϻ߰˽ȫնͬһ¾޿ܵġ
оһ֪Ժ뷨Ȼһץס˫ǡ
ۡһڳпӿ˲佫û˽ȥ
ǽӲӹǼڻȻɫɣ˿кα仯
¶ȲԵʡ૵˵һ䣬üͷ
ǰڻɫӵĸ£ų鱬ʱγɵĻ棬һʱȥѰҴ˵ġ
Ҳֻ˼Ƭ̺󣬾˫Ŀһ
ɫһն߳ң뿪Լ
Ӻ˷Ӷǰ˼¶š
ףԭǬǰʦûʱʦָġŵͯһЦݵ˵
ѾѧϰһʱˣͯȻҲΪϤˡ
û£βҷʦģöеĵػ¯һá΢΢һЦ˵֮һһƷʯֱ׸ͯӡ
ǺǣҪõػ¯޿ܵġʦ岻ˣȻġڴʦһżĵػ¯Ǭʦöżİɡͯһѽӹ
ʯϲЦտ˵
ã·ɡԣɫĵͷ
Сͯ£ֱȥˡ
Ƭ̹ͱýһɫʯУһɫ¯⣬κζˡ
¯·һѿĺ϶һۺȴ¶ɫ
һĹʯţӻһ죬˷һס
һ㵭İɫĻֶҶסˡ
һеһŷһ顣
ϼһǾ߽ɫٴθֶ
ֳ̧嵤¯һģһ֮ϢƯ
ֻǰһɫþ͡ಡһͱֱ˵¯С
һӾһ¡
һ嵤¯·ѷеȥ
ۡһ
ѷлһһɹɳ˲ͽ¯˽ȥ
ֳһģɾӿ롣
䡱һԭɫһ±˰֮ɫɢøնʼ
ˣȴΪ֮һϲֻǼ߷ͣ

һӺ뿪˷ӶԼҶȥ
ٴλصеһϥ£ʹһУһȻ¶һӲӵԲȭͷС
õػ¯֮ǾñĲ֪ɫ塣ɫñȴڸֱӻΪ˷ɻҡ
ɫҺӵ¯һƬ̼ټӲޱ
о˰죬ҲδǺֱϡ
֪ЩϡУûƵĶ
ֻкʹӺϵõһκɫҺһ㣬Ժл˱һˡ
ǽʱ䣬ӵ¶еõȫһ飬׼ҸʻὫȫֻʯ
óµõǱء޼а޵伮ĸȤķ
Щ伮ص֮Ѫ֮Ȼȥģͨۿ伮ϼصȴ۽磬Ժƹ֣ܹҳԷ׵Ļˡ
ʱĿ뿪˶ٴαȥ
Ѿйһξһֱ䴦¾ɸ¥ȥˡ
˳֮Ǳ뵽¾ɸ¥ǰһΣֱӷ˸¥ϣȻĳһƬĿ⻺һȥ


234 
ĿȻڵʮһɫƬϣֱһͽƬȻ£Ȼһתһ
ֻƬ棬ӡһġ֡
üһƬּһУ˵һ
ۡһ
ƬΪ˷ĩеȻһöָһдֵİײ
ͬʱһץסһ͹ȰĴĳһƮ룬˸¥㡣
ӻһžӨԲ飬÷һߺ󣬾ͻΪһŰ׹ǰ
Žյֶϸϸһ
Ǹָۣ·ֻͨڲȴӡһŶȻϸСޱȣȴ֮֮⣬֮ˡ
ָȥоƬ̣ɫȻ΢΢һŽһնǿײ
˰ײȻǾҩˮرݹģȥˣȻδƣдҲû˿ģģ
ЩС֣丸׵ıʼ١
ȥˣٿϤ֮вһ㱡
̾һǿסϸײд
Ƭ֮Ͼ¶ɫ
֪˶úһ󣬲Ž֮һö֮лһӿͽײΪ˻ҽ
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૵˵һźӰڱ£һʱ俴Ǻα顣
ʱ䣬㾲Ĵڸ¥Уδ뿪һ
ֱɫʱһӰŴӸ¥һɶ󣬾Ϣӳĸǽ
úеĳ¾ɸ¥ڣöڸ¥ǽϵķ΢΢УȻͬʱıѶ浱пӿ
ɲǼ䣬¥ͱ泹װˡ
ȵѲʿæʱ¥ȫΪСƫƫڽĽȫȻһ˿Ҳûдڹȥӡ
ЩϵʿΣ

صеϥϣϴŵöɫָӦŸ۵һɵԪ
ָȻܹԪһȻԪһ˵΢ģһ˵ߵĻٵЧ
ֲõλүָˣڸ͵˴󣬻˽Ѱ׷ʴ䲻š
λүû뵽ǣԼѲȥ󣬸δָǲ˵סĸ¥֮ڡ
ЩǣԼҲδڰײἰʲôݣδἰĸ׼Ǳߵ飬ֻǽ˵ĸȥľ뿪ԭ
ҲҿλүѾ˺аУɱ֮ͬ죡λүǻڵĻ˵Ҫһˡ
Ȼһ죬һų˿ûеںɫָϷֶ
һ̣ۡһл澹Ȼȫָһ룬øۼԪΪ֮΢΢һŨ
һ
һֻһתֳɫ̽ݺնָϡ
һ󣬶ָ̽ϵ˲䣬һɱǰնǿľ޷أö̽һ¸߸ߵ
򽫺ɫָԼǰһţֻ½ǰն֮Ȼֺۼδ¡
˫ĿһУٿ˿кںָ֮ͻȻֳһ˿֮顣
̫֮û뵽ǧûѰ˲ϣȻڴҵˡ
öָȻ̫֮ɵġ
ܹ֮һϳ˲ȴմ뿪ǰѯʹ̫֮״Ӻԡ
лԪ̫֮Ե֮һ
ղŵԣҲһöָòϣȷ̫֮١
Դ˲ϵϡ̶ȣµָˣҲ֪Լòϵ®ɽĿɡֻǿԪԣͿƶɵġ
ںٵõүͬ˵ġ
Ȼõһֱõ̫֮в֪ΪΣȴһֱ޷ø
˺ڣ˼һֱڻ䵱͸һĵεС
һֱ߰ڴӴ״̬лָ˹
ǿһ׼ٵľͿʼô˲ԼĽ֮顣
һգĳͬڵĹײУдһЩϢʱȴյڴһκ˰Ϣ
ʲôǺˣ͵˴ͷ­ҲͬΪϸĳĵӣ͵ӡڵĴʦ̫ĪжĳŮҹţѾ֪ȥˡѾغսһ֮ȫݣѾǺ˵¡Ѿҹϵ˴ͺı߾ͬʱڹͬӷûְ˾ߣڷظڱվڴŷǰԼյһϢЩѣεĸо
ЩϢУδҪͬڵ
ȻԴ˿̵˵Ȼ縺ְ𣬵ӦϢҪ߶Էº˲ļ͸
Ӻͬ߳ʱɫޱˡ
ڣʵ޷쾹Ǻ˵ϢȻڸ߲ѾصӷϢȻҲȷɵ顣
һʱ临ޱˡ
ֵڶգԼȼ·ɢޣһжƽ졣
Ȼƴ½Ϣδ˿̵޷ƽġ
˵Ҳ޷̫õġʱ˵ֻôһˡڴ֮ǰƺҪȰеһЩϴˡһȻҵ²ٶԭļ۸ˡ
෴һЩ»Ѷǵġ
һ˼󣬵ԥĽһֱ·ڶȥˡ
ʱ󣬵ûɵһ´󺺴һҿͨĵ߳òĲϵҩȶȫһգͬʱ϶ʮʯ
ټϵõ߰ʯһֽӽʮӡ
Ȼ⻹δĽ
֮һ˼ҷҩĵ꣬ٹһͽھʹõļ״ͼֵʦĴϺ΢΢һɡ
׼뿪еʱ򣬺ȻһҼɵ̣Ϲһдš󡱵ɫң΢΢һ󣬾ֱ˹ȥ
ҲǶ֮ԶڰӺ;۱֮ϣ˵ڴе̣ڽҲе̴ڣǺĳ
λѣ֪빺òϻǳ۲ϣһ߽ȥһŰֺӣЦݵӭ


235 
˵һλʦܹ¸ֺĵرһδ֪ǷģĿ쳣ĵɨһۺ󣬾Ͳɫʵ
ŶԭҳʦϵġʦÿһҪʯٵġһҲ޷ϳĶóʦġֺ˿Ļص
ԭҲһʦԣЩĿۡ
ңֻʦѧһʱ䣬һҲܹϳһȻ¼ĻȻ˶ˣһֻҪʮʯɡж¿ǲлҴʦҲٵġֺЦݵ˵
Ȼмøȿɡ˼ĵͷ
ãȵһֺһϲ
Ȼòߣͬüȫеġ
ʮʯ˵Ҳһʲˡ
һƷԸһ󣬾ͽ˵ڵһƫ¡
ʱһתȡһСƿڷϣǳ̵˵еõһƿ֪ɷ֮ϣܹҼһࡣ
ɷֺ֮ԣЩˡ
˵ɷ֮ÿݶҪֵʯġԭΪԷֻһͨɢޣڿȴƺЩ´ˡ
ֺɿתȴһ˿Ц֮ɫ˵
ûüľȻɷ֮ϡͨϵĻ»ܱһɷ֮Ļ¿ˡɣһʦһ˰ɡֵĶѾôʦԼˡȻ͡
ֻҪܼþͰǰ˵۸񣬾ġǱϲĻ΢΢һЦĻص
ǺǣǴʦҲ޷ѵĶȻκʯġֺӺԥ˵
ãǾ˵ˡɫĵͷ
ǰֺӵһ뿪ƫ
Ƭ̹󣬾һŮ˽һ󣬲ŵ˳ȥ
ٹһСһ뷢԰ףǻĿĻߣ˽
ֺ󣬲һæܵ˵
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Ҽɷ֮û˵ʲôϻĿСƿһɨƽʵ
ʹʦˡ΢΢һ
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λʦȻҲͽΪ
ʦȸһСƿһ
ۡһһİɫƾոֶýСƿеӡ
ʱ߲һָһСƿӵһɶзɳɫϸ˿
ÿһϸ쳣ͨ徧ӨΧСƿɶ
ʦ˫ĿһУ֪ʩչ˺ַͫԼâָһͼһ˿֮֮⣬ڱһᣬ·˻ȥ
ɷƫɷ󣬿٣Ӷܴ֮ɶԷһЧԷ๦ΪƣɹΪƷɷ֮СһСƿĽк˿󣬵˵
ԭǿɷлʦˡԣ¶˼ı顣
˵ɷԣԭԤϵĲ࣬ˡ
˴ɷ⣬ҪϷ𣿡߽Сƿһ׶غ󣬵ʵƺеƷɷ̫ӡ
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ʺչʾˣɡһطú˽ƣܹڱκϢܳκαй¶ܡƹ㽫鱦Ҵ򿪰ɡʦһЦת׳ֺһԸ
ǡλѣɡλƹԣͷ˵
⻰ȻûʲôŶ߳ƫᴩһСݺߵһȱ鲼ɫĵʯǰ
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Щ࣬ļּ򵥽ƣûкɱЧá
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ѵϷ˶¯ʦɫ޶ЩԾĶδܵ
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涫ʦԣɫһǰߵ˾޶ߣ̽һȥ
ǡһ޶Ĵһκ۵ĺɫҺ󣬵¶˺Ȼɫ

ʱ󣬵ٴ߳ʱƹʽ󣬿вͣ˵ſŻѣ治ǽֻҪѿϴӦۣ۸ϵ˵һõġ
ƹֻϵġҶдã۸˵ġȴޱ˵һ󣬾ƮȻ뿪ˡ
ֺӿԶȥıӰϲȫǱĿϧ顣
λƹٻصڵƫʱ´ʦϣ˼˼ʲô顣
ӣղ˿϶ûнˡߵһ䡣
˵ȷûг˼̫ϧˡϡϷһͽУʵ̫˷ˡǱܹ£ϻ¾һЩڵϹҲΪ֮ĵġƹЦһĻص


236 ۻ
ǿۻҲˣֻǶߴôǵһԪˮǾͨˮͨĻǿ߲ļƷˮԱֻ䵱һϣá⻹һԪˮܼɶԪˮԪˮֵֻἤٱˡٺ٣ʱʦٺһ˵
ʦ˼סȱȷһͽӵеġѾɳֵˣúӦϢˡƹһº˵Ļص
ܺáȻظ֮ˡǽһԪˮϽܸ󣬾Իᱻʹ͵ġǰδЩ֮˳֣ȷ顣ִŵġʦԣɫһϲ
ǰ֮ˣƷһʦõĲϣȻҲϡģܺȡѾֵˣᾡ˵ʱ֡Ļ˼ʹʧˣҲ̫˵ע⡣Ψһĵǣ˼ȻҽرóҲЩֶΡһֵʧֻƹЩԥ˵
õġ㻹֪ɣǰЩֵܸոմѪͱȫǷʤ͵ϮرֻҪֵ̫ܲĻʮа˾ŲʧֵġʦȻЦһ˵
ʲôȻд¡Ҿȫˡʦһһϲһ
ʱ洫˽Ų߽һһװ
ǻˣѵ͵ˣƹһװݺ󣬵һʵ
ʽиոᵽĹֵܡ
ʦˣͬ¶ı顣
ҪֺͳʦʧˡСʵڼ黫ĺܣһֵڴո䣬ֵܾҲӰˡиЩľװӣɫЩѿ˵
ʲô˸ˡôµģ֪ϴǺֱ𣿡ƹԣʱŭ
ʦɫҲһޱˡ
ϵģڸеλȻԸһЩҲûʸֵָֻŰɡΰʧҶԻϱҲ۷ʯѡһЩľװԣɫһˡ
ֻ֮ǳʦһе뿪ƫ
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Ҳûа취顣˼Ȼ˦ʦֵܣȻ˽䱸֮ġ֪Լر»Զ뿪ģҲû취ġʦ̾Ϣ˵
ƹݱ˼䣬֮Ǿɥ֮ɫˡ
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˸Լûие̫֡
㻻֪һϾȻӵǿ߶ĵıҲġϾĵ·УνġڱҲԶԣֻûĶĶѡ
һصУͽУٴʩĽ޶һķųȻĿ⾼´ŶһκɫҺ壬˷֮ɫ
Ȼ֪ﲻһϣҲû뵽ȻǴеġһԪˮ
Ҫλʦ棬˴˱ĸԣ޷ŵġ
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һǿ˵ѽʱֻΪһϣȻһòʧ顣
һһԪˮȻ͸Ӻϳˡ
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ȻһԪˮ˷⣬䱾ҲǼƷˮϣҶʦֱƳƷ䱾Ҳɴġˮ顱
Χž޶ٴ˺ɫҺһԽԽϲ
ϧȱҲΪ̫ϡͼֵߣҲܹãҪȽʦ֮󣬲ܿ;
˼һһһƬϼɾ󣬾޶ֱһն
ִһӲԲϸһ֮ͬ¶˼ɫ
ۻһԪˮ˵ҲСһЩЩΪУȴһԪˮǷġ
λʦԣۻҲһּϡϣһֽС۽桱Ϲĺ󣬲Ŵڲһϡ
˽޷κеϣҲ޷ֱƳɵ֮ıУȴͨĳֱӼ
ֻҪܽɹͿɲݱ仯ΣӲģֱϣӲٵġһЩ˵˽ֱԼϣŸ顣
ȻپһЩ飬λʦδˡ߻δӣⶫӦûһЩ֮ġ
˼ţȻóȻھͽԼġ
ڣָĻݵȥ˵·мˣʼѰҿɷһԪˮԼۻصһЩ伮ӶȷλʦЩϵļϲû˺֮
ҪֱӱһİϵȻǧѵ顣Ѿ֪˲ƣȥѰҺйص˵أϡټҲʮɵġ
ҲǻлʦһʦԼ֮ұ͵Եɡ
ȵȷЩǩ󣬵ֹһϺ󣬾ڶпʼչ
ºеɫ԰׵һϣΪӡһɫ󣬷ʮСһƷʯ
˫ĿգǰһŽ
ԼһȭͷɫԲ飬鲼˿˿Ѫۣĺ΢΢š
ʱţɫָһЩ֮ɫ˫ĿһſһžѪ
顱һѪ˲䱬ѶΪһѪĽɫԲ档
УһʱѪ


237 ֮
ʱȻһϷһ´𣬸ֳһööɫ
ͬʱѪΧŽɫԲһת󣬾ȫûвӰ
ڵɫâУԲȻʮ³ֵѪۣѪԼγһʮָӵ
Ѫɫγɵһ˲䣬ɫԲâţΧ
ԭԲ飬·һ»һ㡣
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һ̣δκʩԲಡһһײȥ
ۡһ
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һգܵһĪסÿһָȻһůĸо
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䡱һ죡
ΪһΣһɫһϺȻһĴӡ
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ڵֱֳ̧۸ԷųһŻһɫ׶¶ϲı顣
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ղŻɫ׶ûýɫֱ۸ܵ˿Ȼ֮߱⡣
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˿̵Ȼ֮Уƽǰּȴһöָ
ԼдʣϺӿʮģֿ費Լʩչĳַ
ɫָŷÿһʱ䣬ͻһ㾧зɳȻƮһŵûС
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պ󣬺ڻɫָҲѾױ˻Ұ֮ɫеİɫСҲǰ࣬Ȼһޣƺʱɢĸо
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ö̫֮ѾԺֻҪҲͿˡ
̫˵ö֮Ȼʱڲܷų˵УֶλǴģ˵д˽֮飬ܱһļҪ࣬ԺԽ֮ΪͷŽҲǿȵȡ
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һڣȥѧϰ⣬ʱ䶼ԼԼĽ֮顣
﷽ڳΣЩ̫ȶץʱһЩġ
ʱйغƴ½Ѿռ˺ȼٺҵϢͨһЩɢ޴֮С
ʱΪ֮ȻһƬ
̶̼ڣлдɢ̾ɢȥС֮࣬иɢ޾ʹ
еĵ·У۵ҩǷȫ۸һ䣬Ȼڶɢ޵
һºٴγ֮ʱ·лӪҵ̣ҲѾ޼ˡ
һж˵ȴû̫ϡ
ֻǻЩʱ䰵̽һδкټҲ»صչ


238 ڶ
ţʱתۼȥʱ䡣
˿̵ǰû̫˵Ψһı仯ж˲ٺߣд붼ɢޣҲһСԭȵĺŵӡ
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һУȻû̫ϵˡ
Уڴ紦פ˴ŵӺ󣬲úͺĺ˽ˡ
ǱߴϢԼռһЩ鱨˫Ȼ˶λǿߣһʼһ춯صĴս⣬ûгִ˵Ƚǿߵֱӽսˡ
ǳĬǣ˫ʦͽȽ׽սȴü֮ԽԽƵ˫Ѿʦжʮ֮ˡ
ЩΪ͵ͽǲˡ
Щǣ˫ڿս󲻾ãڱ߽紦һ޳ǣһ㳤ڴսӡ
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ԽϸԽöԷǵڶԼвֱð
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桰˿쳣ûУ·ղŵ溮ֻ֮еĴѡ
ĿһбƳԼղŴԷͷֱʱɫһˡ
ֱֻۺȻѾ֪ȫһɫ˪ˡ
һϹһðͬʱľֱһӿȥ
Ƭ̼乤ȺŹֱϵĺɫ˪ͷɿȥ»ָ֪
ʱǰġԼȻԽĸеˡ


239 ׶
󣬻Ǿðһˡ
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ֻһоͽŶ桰Լֱ۶
ۡһһ糤ӸֶӿɫѪҺ
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ЩҩȻֻͽͨҩҲϰϰٴ֮࣬ɹʻֻάʮֻ֮ܳɵӣҩľҲֻǿϸ
ѾԴ˳ɹʴӳޣΪ˶ʱھ߳ɵǼˣԼȴһֱ̫ġ
˵һЩͽҩֻɹʣǵԺʦҩʱ򣬿ûϰʱɵ֮Ϳ֪ˡ


240 
ͽҩɹȥĻԺʦҩҲǴкôġ
ϾһЩľĵãԵ͸߼ҩͨõġ
ǽڣͽ˼ȫˡ
ȻؿռڣϵһȻһ޶ɵȻάʮܳɹεӡ
ʱǰ¯ۡһ죬һɽζд
һ죬зһգ֪һʧˣĿһɨ¯ԵĵϣѾ޼ˡ
̾һһʹͳһװϵļ״
ǰŴӵ·йʮŴϡ
Ϊķ˴ʯȻΪɵȥ󣬿ҩջزʯ⼸Ҳķ˽ʮʯ
⻹ÿֻʱ俪¯ԵʣϺķڴ˻Ϸ׾顣
һŴװϣһҲ͹֮õġϣÿ첻ͣҲֻ֧ʮ֮á
͵Ʒһеʱ΢΢һ֮ɫͱ֮
ȻһתȻһɫӡɫƣЩ״
Ŀɿڴһɨŵɫ
ôʮţǰѾõһš૵˵֮ɿٵһ鴢ȷʮŲ١
зɫЩ粻ˡ
һ̣Ȼһնֻһ˲һ飬׹һֶһϡ
һȷлǾ;ŴͽղƵһŲ䷨ĵҩ£ڷڻӺüͷӽ
ٳһ£Ϳʼļˡ
ÿһ¯ҩϺͼһеĴһʼûκα仯
ڶһþһɨ֮ɫȴʱһ
æһץʱһٴθֶ಻ʮŵӡ
Ҫ֪һ󣬲Ÿոռдֻоŵġ
˼һ˼ٴһŷַųһϺ󣬾ͽŷǰһһźá
ʱ䣬ֻҲգĶŵϵķ
һ죬죬һȥ󣬵ϵĴǱžŵûκεӡ
ΪȻˡ
ǵȵ˵յʱҲ޷ȥˣɴ಻ǰĴţ¯һʼ
ٹ죬ۿ콫Щ϶ķһյʱһʩһĿʶһɨɫʱһ
ʮŷȻŷ
ǿѹסеĺȻ˲õ¯еҩĽһգ˫ĿգһµĶŵЩ
ļԭȾŷڷλȻǵƬ̼ȷϳ³ֵһŷˡ
һ󣬵һУͽ³ֵĴһץУϸ˺һûзֺκ쳣󣬾ָһĽһ顣
ۡһ
׹һ֮Աߵֶһϡ
Ŀһ£ֻɨЩϼۣͷֱȻǰһöеһ޶
ȷȫһöĴеһж
ʱЩЩᱻƳʮа˾ŲҪҪҲõĲˣŻռб¸Ƴһ޶ĵڶö
Ϊȷϴ£ڽİֲ飬²ĹȻһ޶
˿ռ֮ԶԭԤ֮ˡ
ϲӵǣЩĲͣƵҩȻоԼԼЩߵӡ
ռڣʹøƳĲԵͬЧġ
ȷ˴֮еһ˿Ҳϲ֮£Ȼҹ¯ͣ
£ȻͬҰһ㣬һ·ѡ
һ£һ¹ȥ⼸ʦҩɵԾٶš
ϾǰţԵʦҲ޿ľϰ˿ơ
ϾʯĻڿռһºķѵϣֵʹʮ֮ޡ
ַʦķһܺķѵ
Ҳַϰ֮£̶ºڴ󲿷ֵҩϾͿʮгɵˡ
ٹһ꣬󲿷ֵҩĳɵʾʹﵽʮˡ
ʣµʱ䣬עߵҩƷ֮ˡ
ڴڼ䣬׹Ыͷ­Ҳʼδͣ
˿̵İ׹Ыβһ󣬾Ȼ˲ܻûʮԼβѾƿ֮ġ
­Դһ֮£Ȼֻ̹ȴκγӰٶȺͬһ̾Ϊֹز
ǵڶһֱδ˿춯浱һˡ
һգӵ¯һűһɫƵľӨϷԳһ˿ϲɫʱ򣬺Ȼܲһˡһһڣ˾³˵뿪֮С
ѣ֮зһʧ󣬶ʱڵȻһ𣬾ʹпӿһɾ֮ķˡ
һϲæһĬĬĽɴзľ
Լһյ蹤һĽַ¡
ʱеݣѾٴεʧˡ
΢һ´ʱķȻǰ־࣬ΪȴӴԲͨͽڡ
ֲЦ
ʱ䣬Ҫһβͣʳҩˡ
ؿռڣѾһ˵زͽҩոǵ¯̶ȣһЩӷĵҩѾˡ
뵽ȻһץһŴһ顣
׹һǰտҲûκζ
ȻˣΣûие⣬૵˵
ŴдŵĶؿռƵĵҩΣЩҩ޷ռ⣬ȫϢʧˡ
ȻдпϧԴмԤˣҲû̫ɥ
ת׿˿һԵķ­Ͱ׹Ыһۺ󣬵һЦĵһƤ
ʱɺϼƤһ󣬾ͽȫ˽ȥ
ٴǰ͡ǰһ޶Һ󣬺ȻһЦվ뿪ˡ
ʱ䣬ȥйһʼֵߴʮϺ󣬾»صʼһֲ֪ؿռ˶ٴεġڵ
ֵҩʹԺͽҲвӷЧҲӷﻨʯָҪѧϰĵ֮һ
ڵȻЧȴʮѣʹʦɵҲ̫ߡ
Դ˵һƳɹһžǧʯȥмеӡ
˵ڵҲռֵҩгɵ͵һˡ
ԵɣһǴ˵ȷƣؿռʱ˵ϲ̫࣬ʶϰԶԶ޷ʦҩȵġ


 ֮ս


241 µ;
ʱУڶһڵһ߲ͣô˵ɷ
̶̵ʱڣͽٴ˴Բˡ
ʱڽӵڴϢѾµļ·ˡ
չжμְĵӿµڣʶֻҪڰڷڼˡ
ӵȻϲ֮
дǵż˸ǮͷӶȥԼȻ뿪ӴκϢˡ

º󣬴һҡԽ紦һƬɽԵ
һվһɸߵɽԶɽţɫʮأһ󣬲૵˵ɽϢȻ׶񣬹ֲð׼˶궼޷ɼɷɴཫɷλøˡ
Ȼ
Դ뿪󣬾ֱȥ˰׼ңҲӰ׼Ϸ˿˳õ˸ɷɷڣһ·ɱĸϵ
Ŀɽݣܵ紫ĻϢЩ
Ҫ֪ɽ䶼ǺպյأǧСɽͷɣһֱ֮ң
˵治ҰմеһЩͨĵͽޣȻЩһɽһ˲ġ
ΪɽḻҲʢĸʢҩʶԽҲ˵˻Ϊɽֻ֮Χɽġ
ʹҲʱʱᴫһЩ߽ɽٲ顣
ʶûرɣ߶ԽɽΪɵġ
Щ鱨Ȼ֮ǰرģհ׼ĵͼɷɷɽġ
ԶȺɽɿתš
һǻصţ϶ᱻٲμӺͺսʶһʦǱ飬һͺ߶ϣǼп顣ڷѾڴԲ¹ֻҪ˺ʵɷ֮ϾͿɷĳʦ硣
ֻǿɷһֱõƷɷ򲻵ѵʱ򣬾ôɷʶǰΪϵĸɷͳΨһѡɽΣռ֣ҲҪðմһˡ
ڵΪֻҪʦʵҺޣӦþûжġɽǷд˵Ƚ׵ޣ˵顣
˼ţüͷ΢΢һɶٳɵһԶɽһɶȥˡ
ɽ˵ܷɵݶ棬ȻҴҡڵֱɽϿշɹȥʶһɵɽк󣬾һ£˫ȵصǰ

ͷɽèҰ޴ŴһԾ£ݺݵ·һ˶ȥ
ۡۡ
ɽèһ뿪֦˲䣬һһš
ͷɽèһҽкʹмһˣʬѪӸ߿һ¡
һΣֱӱܹͷµѪʬ壬ͷҲûصļǰУ·δܵκθһ㡣

վһŴһЩƾɵĵͼϸʲô
ʱһ߳ͶߣϢĴӴһϣ߶
顱һ
һһźһβͷϡ
һŤ󣬾κϢˡ
ʱ׹ЫŴϷһƬïһڶֻһžͽʬ˺Ѷɿ˸ɾ

վɽһϿǰǰԶһƬƬҰɫҡҡͷһת׼һЩ·ƿ˴Ͽȡ

º뵽ɽ
˿Ŀ֮Ǹߴ֮Ļɫڼڱ˴⣬ľ·Ե÷ǳʪ
ɫ̽Ű׹ЫŲæŲԶһСɽȥ
СɽΪأϰɽξȻһֵĸˡ
հ׼ͼֻҪߵɽ֮ϣͿҵɷӵ׼ȷλˡ
ΪѰɽ壬ǰ治ֹ˶ԩ·˲֪Ұ޳ѨѰġ
ȻŲһͣ˫ĿһеĿǰһŲ
ɳɳһ󣬾Ȼһ쵾Ы˫ĿѪʺ춾һֻɫβںڶͣ
òɲ
һֻѾĶ棬ʵͬһӡ
ɫһһһһն˾Ыϡ
Ыһֽеĵ󣬾µĳӲǺȻֻһ׺ۡ
˹ȻҲŭЫ֫һһȷķ˶
üһ붯ֶν棬ʱȴಡһһźӰһ󣬾ͽӭһ˶¡
ǰ׹Ы˹
˲˴һ
һҪж̽һȥæʱȴյЫǱߴһϢȻ䲻Ҫæ˼
գգۣȻ̫׹Ы⣬ǽ̽һգվԱ߹ս
׹ЫûжԷ޴󣬵̱βӶȴ˴ռϷ硣
ЫƼӲ쳣ڹЫβȴֽһͱ˸ǧٿףͷ­ЫһԾסֻܿѪֹѡ

һʱ󣬹Ы˺һƬЫʬƬҲ̽˿У֮˫Ŀһͱ
ˣһһƤһɺϼĽЫսС
׹ЫȻǹһ֣ԭҲЫӺմŻģġЫĻҲһ;
׹Ыڱģ׼ٴνӡ
֮­һ󣬾ͼ·ˡ

һպһѱߴľסڵɽǰ
߶½ųһɫӲӹľпһС·߽˴ɽȡ
Ŀ⳯ɽϸһ֮ɫΪ֮һˡ
ֻɽȺȻȫһַۺɫڱסˣ֮УȻԼһЩ˵·ĳֳɶѵӡ
Ŀ˼º󣬾ͺȻͳһֻɫԲǰһ׺ٵһ㡣
ԡһ죬ɫԲͻΪһֻɫĳľݡ
֮һߡ
ɫľݵĳһ񣬾ͻΪһۺɫмȥˡ
ۡһ
ɫľһͷ֮Уһɶȥ
ǴľֻһСξ룬һСࡣ
ɫһ䣬æзһ䡣
еɫľһͷˡ
󣬴ӷۺɫһֻ߷ɳԶȥ˿ûеһͷ£ˤ˵ϡ
ͫһû߹ȥĿоһľϸȥ


242 
ֻɫľϺȻһַۺɫϣֻдʮֻӣƴͿֻľݲѡ
תۼ䣬ֻܾͱòȱȫˡ
üͷһ壬ȻһһŻм䡱һ󣬾ͻľϡ
һӿڶۺȫС
󲿷ַϵͻΪ˻ҽʮֻӲ˻ֱ
һҲ·ǵһ㣬Զͬۺϴзɳӿ
ɫһ䣬˵ĵַתȻһӲС죬ֻǰһһƬˮƾӿһת󣬻Ϊ˵ȥ
Ƭϱһ룬ֻںˮƴ޷ѡ
Ȼвٷ϶˾ǣڷ񶯳£嵽ǰ
ʱǰղһһͷ­ĸֶ
Ƿ­
ħͷֻǽԴһΣͷΪ˿ı
Ƭϵֽ֨֨еı׷״ӿ׹¡
ԶɫСºֱȫ˺ˮС
ڽ­ͷΪһ˿С©ķϣȫһʣɱ
һʱ䣬˵ķϣûһֻܳ嵽ߡ
ɫκηϳʱдʣһһɫ׶ǰɿ۶ɿ֮ɫͬʱһ⡣
һ׶һģĲӰ
һ̣ԶһͻΪһž޴ˮ˸߿С
ˮУ鲻֪ٵķۺɫϣȫںˮƴš
ǰһ׶ֶһͷˮ֮ϡ
顱һ
׶ûˮ˲䣬ĴеıѶһƬɫһˮ˲仯Ϊ˺
һɫľͱи֣һ׹¡
һ죡
ڵϻΪããмзҲ඼֮ˡ
ŽСһնһһɫԲһɶڡԡٻΪһֻľݵķС
һָͷһ㣬ͬʱ˫Ŀ
һΣɫľûϢκ쳣κηˡ
Ƭ̺Ȼɫһٴ˫Ŀ
ͬһʱ䣬ǰһľݾʹһɶ·һצϺȻץһ߱·ĺǡ
һ죡
ľצһ£ӵǰԼһģ󣬾ڻлΪɫԲ򣬲һûвӰ
ŽָӶͷһö£ǰ·Ͽйۼĺһ󣬺ȻĿһֳ̧һץ
ۡһһɫӺһɳС
׿һ£ֻһӡһס֣ɫ΢΢һϲ
ߺǹȻǰѰɷӵİ׼ӵܣֻǲ֪ôɥ˴˵أǸɷɷˡ
˼󣬵ٿĳԱ߷­һ֡
ħͷһЦ󣬺Ȼһ
һԴȻɫпתۼǰ޴࣬һŴڣһɻҝവ
ۺɫһ֮󣬵ӿ
һվ˷­󴦣һֻһͰϣһԪĽڷע롣
䡱һ
ӷ­ĿȻ׳˽֮࣬ԭͱյ˷ɢ

Ӻдӷ­ÿʱɽѾ紵ɢһˣ¶Ĵһֱʮɵľ޿
˴޿ӣȻаԶҲһ۾Ϳ˸
ڴ˿ΧϣһֲСݣȫһۺɫСӻĴʱһЩۺɫĩȻʹеĲ
ЩȻ򣬸ղŵķۺɫȻֲֻֻ֪γɵġ
һ޿ӷȥʱ򣬺Ȼ޿Ĵһ󡰸¸¡Цһɷۺɫһӿһͷ޴֮İ˰
˹ϰһͷĳŮӣϸֱۣѩϸ壬ǰһϾ飬΢΢°һӷ쳣ľӨβһȦȦĺɫƣһԺǰۺɫһ͸ֻǷŴ
ϰŮףò֮ĿǷŭ֮ı顣
ͽԲ棡
һӦɢϢһݣ״˽ı顣
ʣ˹ʮа˾ƿ˵ɷ֮߾ġ
ϾֻҪΪͽԲҪʦҺھ磬ⲻɷһġ
ͷ֮ԱֵŭȻΪɷ˹ؼʱȴԵʡ
ͨޣͨгҪѵĶˡҲˣͬ״£Ҫ޸ӵѲ
Ѿʼɷ棬Ȼòˡ
һ󣬵һת½ʱһ֡
ȴƺ̼ˣһֽк󣬷˶βһڶһĿž޴
Щһѩ׾Ө㣬һ뿪β󣬾ʹмһѶֳһ߸ߵķۺɫϡ
һξ޴󣬱ͬһԾӨɣ֫ọ̈̄ͬʱ¶ϢȻҲͽڵˮƽֻ˫Ŀһ񶯳ĳһ
ŮһĿų֮ϢȴȻֻ࣬ͨͽˮƽ
Ȼв죬ҲûʱȥϸԵɣֻɫ½Ȼһͳֻϸһնȥ
ƿһ죬ĵһ
ͬʱ­ҲһУͷһڶҲΪ˿漤ȥ
ۡۡ
ֻֻǱȻһ٣ȻȻԻΪƾղӰ
۽˿ȫһա

һ˾ȴʧڡ
һ̣΢һֻϾƾһֻ֣ǰֻ֫һͻΪĵӰֱٶȿ硣
һͽȲ䲻Ĺܻʹˡ
Ǻε֮ˣ侫ǿһʦ޷ˣӦ֮Ȼֻ֮һͺȣɫ̽Ȼһģٸһȥ
顱顱
ֻǰ֫ɫһնУһĵ˳Զȥ
˫Ŀһɨֻǰ֫ȻɫΪ֮һһͻȻƬһðٵһ󣬾ͻΪһɫֵͷϿȥ
ʱֻһٴһģĲӰ
ͬʱһߵķ­ͷҲΪһ˿ĽԼ棬ڸֻκ֣ʹħͷļ쳣


243 
һͷϾȻ˷ݴ־˶Ȼû˿ֵ˼ˣڤǾ߶˼£ɫ̽ѣͬʱһУһööɫлΪһߵ
Χ񹥲ѵͷϣȻ˷Ϭ£Ҳˡ
һֻԹδһηݶʱȴһܲһɫ˸ͷ֮߰˵ͬʱӣƵܣûʱݶߡ
֮һ죬һɫƿնֻһͽͷ˸ʵʵ
ʱ󲨶һһͷֶֻǰ֫һһ˶
ͷҲδأȻһ֣һɫһ
ȻһŤȻԲ˼Ƕһ±ܹӭɭȻ
ڴ˿̣һֱһģһֻӲȭͷһ
ֻһֻǰ֫Ȼǰһ뽫ɫȭͷһж
ǰ֫һͽɫȭͷӴ󣬵һɾȭͷпӿ
һֻǰ֫ɾӲһ顣
ɫȭͷһģ˲䶴ͷ­䵱ˡ
ͬʱһֻϵɫһ֣Ȼնͽ˾Ҳһ·ֳء
ֻϵʱһߵķ­ĳȻһȻͬûвӰ
ƿһ죡
ֻԭеľޣγӲһƶͬʱɫ˿ӰȻΪʮĵ¡
ʱĿһֻųֻϾδһȥ
ֻһֻ챻նɱ˺ŮϾȻ¶һ˿ŵı飬һֽк󣬺Ȼ䱳˫һȻһתڿնӡ
һ֮붼һ⸡֣һͷǰֶ
һͷоͷһƿ
һ̣һۺֶָһ󣬾޴оͽͬ汾мһնء
һҽУӸ߿ֱ׹¡
ۡۡ漤˲佫Ϊ˻ҽ
ȴǷ­ħͷһɶſħ档
׵Ľͷƹ棬һɡ
ȻųͷϵȷҲδ̫һ㣬Ҳ֪ǷΪɷгʲô⣬ʵġ
о֣Ҳûжʲôɿɷһ߶ȥˡ
Ȼ׼˵ɷӶδӦû˲ٵĸɷɷзͷȴΪ֮
û˷ִ˵أ˭֪ڴڼжѾùеɷ֮
˼ţɵĸӵ
Ƭ̹ߵ˾޿Աߣ·һȥɫһ
ֻɷӺϼɽ¶еǸִͬˡ
ȥоȻһ©׶״طʮɸߣмЩɫ⣬طȫǰ͸Ĳ֪ʯ飬дС⡣
Ŀмɫһüͷ΢΢һ塣
һڿնɷĴһȥۼ뵭ɫֻߵʱ򣬲ųһץ
ʱһŵɫֱӷɵǰŸȻһֹͣ
˫Ŀһеϸȥ
ֻɫУԼһЩɳ״ɫѣ·ǳһ㣬ʮŵӡ
ˣ϶ʱϲ
һоɷ˿дճϵɷ֮Ӧþˡ
˼ţ˳ĴһСƿ

ºھӤɽڣ
ոջصڵվڹȪǰλӤһɽԼһЩ
ĲΪӤһˡһΣҪǰеĺȫһ򾡣ھҪǣ޷ȫĶġϧǣʦʦǡ÷ȥ߽ˣ֪ڻĻ϶ϲġˣʦֶԺʲô㡣ʦѾ뽫ָ˹ԺͿֱáıˡǲĻĺĵݣ³ӦҲᱻɵ߽ĥһġȪ֮֮ɫ˵
лʦģӾ⼸ѾڷΪۺˣҲҵ˺ʵɷ֮׼ʦ硣ûмǴĻصĵӣ¹飬򶼿ڱչڼһٵġ˵˵
ȷд˹涨١ȷҪʦ磿ٶ꣬ٶһְյģȪһ˵΢΢Щݡ
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ԭЩġ֣ǾĲ߻˶ꡣԣҲЩˡ
ʱ䣬λȪڳʦʱһЩָ󣬾͸뿪˴
֮ȥִñ˳㽻Լ񣬲ȡӦһЩ
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244 ֮
ϸֳһ˿Ȼ֮ɫʱ򣬶ȴȻһ
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ԭͯʦһЩȻЩĿɿڴҲֻʵʵĳƺһ
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ĴȻҲԪŨĵطЧҲԵλҪõĲһ붡
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ţȴƽޱȣս״̬С
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ɲǼ䣬һɹɺڿðһת󣬾ͻΪһźںľ򣬽档
ʱķɿţɫڿӿϣþҲԽԽƬ̹󣬾ͼʯ֮С
ʱȴʼд
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ȻʧˣûнԪҺɹɷһ߳ģҵҲǵڶγԣǿɹġӼΣ˶ϵû¶̫ı顣
ڵ֮࣬ЩͽԲȻ٣ɹʦ޼ġʶһɷʧܣȻһϰΪӡ
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246 䶯
ʦܣǹϲӤɽڶһҺڵʦһϷˣû뵽ʦֶȻҲܳɹĽסʵʲѷɫ߳ġȻлعЦһĳȪ˵
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ʦǧɥСܳɹʦҲ˴˵ԵʡʦʣͻƵҺھǳ顣޵飬Ҳ̫ȥǼҲûʮܽʦӡŮһ⻰ǰʦΪǰɷʧܶУæĿڵ˵
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Ϊһƿɷȫù⣬һɷβǿ޳ɵġ
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գھӤɽĴУһʦݺ;ӤһڶӼˡ
ЩȻ֪ͽʦ飬˵ʱ򣬻Ǳӡ

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ֻҪɣٴ߶ĻȻǰ֮ˡ
ۿɫ̽ԽԽ࣬ʮҲģĸֶϲɫһ֣һʱ򣬺Ȼһֻд
һĿɨһۺüͷһ塣
Ȼзһ٣ɫ̽Ȼڿв䣬ԼһһԲ̴һɶһ󣬾ȵС
ĿϸֵСһɨ󣬵ֳһ˿ȻĿº󽫴һն𣬲¶˳ı顣
ŵţȥĴпᣬ˵Ҫ֡
ȻЩ֣Ȼܲġ
ַɿʩ½ȫһأͽ̽һն𣬾ʹ뿪ҡ
Ƭ̺ȻƵ뿪˾Ӥɽֱһɶȥˡ
ûж೤ʱ䣬רµĴС
üͷѾһһ˿Цкһʦܣˣ
ʦ̫֪ٻҵʲôҪ£Ϳĳ΢΢һ
ȻʦԼ֮ˣҲٹĨˡһ䣬ʦǰĹڤǾɣһ󣬾Ϳ˵һһݵĻ
ʦǴʦ֪İɣһת󣬵Ҳû¶ʲôɫ
ʦܲõģҪ۶ڤǾ˽̶ȣڳʦ⣬¾ֻϷˡȻμӴˣôʦ棬Ҳִܿ˹ļ󡣡Ц˵
ȻҲȥˡʦĵȷڤǾʦ־ͽһĪǾΪ˹Եʣɿתϲɫʵ
ţȷ⹦йءڴ֮ǰһʦܶһκغкοɫһ˵
֣ɲ̫˵ˡһǺʵģʮǿ󣬵ƾһ֮ºѻ˺֡΢΢һϲ˼Ļص
ʦҲǸˣĻЩ߽紦صϢʦܿȿһ˵ġŵͷ󣬺Ȼһɫ򣬵˹
ȻЩ⣬Ҳûٿʲôӹͷһȥ
ʱһȥϱ齥粻һ󣬲̾һĽӶͷһŲ
û뵽ʵȻǿǰξȻҲˡ
㿴ġ֮ԶԭġڵĻǿߣһǰȫפ˱߽紦ԷԷǿ߷ֱ͵ϮơںǱһƺ󣬱߽紦Ҳ޷֧̫õġǼڱɳڶԮϸȥʦҲ֪ԭСģʦȽ״ԭûж٣ںִ֮ˣɳʵ޼ԣһαȻ޷ɳʦ׼üԭһֱӡرȻ˵
رЩȻˡ


248 ɻ괸
ʵ벻ԷԷرԼʲôϵΪҪרŽԼйһˡ
Ȼ룬ļ˵⼸ر֮ԻᱻӡйȻΪ̫󣬲żɵĻЩﱾһʹơҪôҪľ޴ķҪôʹ֮һĺ󻼣е⹦Ϊǰʹġ
ǰᵽڤǾĪʲôô˷ʹġЩȻˡ
ʦǴ֮ˣҿеĲڤǾڤǾƿعǴ󷨵ЧڷӡڽеرУǿعǴ󷨲ʹġعǴʵ̫ˣѾ궼û޳ɴˡʦܼ޳ƿعǴ󷨵ڤǾȴýʦֵһѴɫһϸĽ
ʦּȻڤǾ˽⣬ǾӦ֪˹Ĳֹһ˵ġüͷһһµʵ
ҵȻ֪˵ҲڤǾͽΪʹرģǿд߶Ļᱻ˲˸ɵġ˵Ļص
ԭˣһʹЩΨһѡˡһһ䣬ʦ϶ڤǾЩãӦڿڤǾʦĵһ˰ɣǰӦδڤǾʹЩɡЦһ˵
ţʦ⻰û˵ǰȷûڤǾ߶Щرҵжϣʮа˾ûġңʦֻҪȥһҲ֪ˡҲֻʦһ˵˵ԭһʦ޷ʹĻҲֻȥ취ˡЩرԱʮҪҲǱֵе֮һ۲úְ취ҶЩ﷢ӳӦе̹Ȼĳϣɫص˵
Ȼ漰˱Ȼ岻ݴǵ顣ǲɵĻʦҲҪ̫ʧˡȻ֪ԼûоܾأʮָɴĴӦ
ܺãҾ֪ʦܻͬġ²˳٣ʦھ͸ȥһ˰ɡԣһϲ˵
ȻᷴԵġ
Ƕ˵뿪ֱɽһɶȥ
Ƭ̹Ǿͳλʦչɽǰڴһۿͷɳѩèһŵĺ˯š
ûèֻǴӻһɫŹڷһҡ
ۡһһβӽ嵴ֱһȥӡ
ԭں˯èֻë׶һʱȻͷ­ԼУ˿û̧ͷ˼
ͷѩèĿ⣬ȴһ˿֮ɫ
һ˵صʱ򣬻ֻͽΪʱֻôèϢʮֿ£ȴ޷жʵڳΪʦ֮󣬾֮ǿԶǰһ̽è̸ܵɢѹǿȣȻһĳʦȥ
ͷèȻҲһͷҺڵǿޡ
èѵʱɽо߳һӰǵعͯӡ
ͯݷζǰһ޶··û˿ۼһ㡣
˵˭ԭʦʦĪ鿴ǼˣͯһţЦ˵ĿĿһۣƺѾײϵˡ
ʦֶҽһ£½ʦʦܡεȷǴʦٿһǼġЦݵ˵ͯʮֺƵӡ
ԭʦ塣Ȼʦ治٣ʦ˿ӡ֮Ȼûġʦ浱뿪ʱµķԸ˼Щʱܴġͯӵͷ˼Ļص
Ȼ֪ġδʦܹҲֻΪ֤һѡ˿Ļص
Ȼûκˡʦʦɡͯ¶ʮֿɰЦݣ֮תǰ·
˽
һյ蹤˳һؽưΧĴǰ
ֻȫһʵʵİɫĻţ滹ŵɫɢ΢΢⡣
Ҳֻ͵ˣʦˡڷӡѲסʦġͯߵĻǰת˵
УʦֶԵһ¾ˡȻڵĴӦ֮һתһ׼õĽɫԲ̾ͳУǰĻһ׶ȥ
ɲǼ䣬ɫԲ̺͹Ļ֮˲˼ǿ
顱һɫԲ̾һ˹Ļϡ
ʱŲſдʣһָɫԲһ㡣
һ׹⼤һŵû뵽ԲС
ɫԲȻâɫĴһһķ׷û뵽ɫĻС
һ죡
ŵɫһƮ󣬰ɫĻ˲ɢ
ŵһУɫԲ̾ͱһһģû뵽С
߽֮ʯڡ
Ŀһ󣬽˽ȥ
ڴУı߽аڷʮСһʯ̨ÿһһɫĻסԼһӡ
˿ûУֱӴһʯ̨˹ȥ
ߵʯ̨ǰĿһͽĻ˸һһʽصİɫǴ
ͷĿŲͬͷһɵģֱϸǲĽ˿ߣĩ˾ͷһԲΰۣǶһŵɫ˶ʯ
˱ɻ괸ǰıһĻǰùޱȣƷﵽƷޣǾ뼫ƷҲֻһѡϧλǰǿƷ׵ʱȴʧˣøյô˱Ʒ״٣ֻܿסƷƷˡˣɻ괸֮ҲһƷɱȵģҪܴ߶˱ԵеĻʦĳʦ֮ˡҲܹӦһʦ·ġϧ˱ͨ嶼Ǽɣֱλǰ˼ƣҪ߶ͱعǴ󷨲еġԱʮϸĽһ顣
ԭˣɻ괸ʦʹõرˡŹǴ˫Ŀ΢˵
ɻ괸Ȼ쳣֮£ȴʦȥʹһҲعǴ󷨲ܲݵıȴһ˿֮ɫ˵
һɫ΢΢һˡ
ʦܸôһˡȴɷ˵Ĵһʯ̨ȥˡ
ǡһһʯ̨ϵĶ󣬶ʱһ
ڹĻڣһ߲ãÿһͷ϶ӡһֵɫƣ鲼Ѻۣȱһ첲


249 ħ
úȻһޱȵӡ
ǡһãȴɫһ䡣
ȻŹĻ赲һ˲䣬ȻܵһϢĿֲϢ
ҪѾҺھ磬һʯ̨˲䣬ͻᱻѹƵõȥ
걾ʦйһһħ裬Э²źɨڣܵеġй߾һֱʦүȥصʧ١ħߣߴﵽħεİ׹ħˣҲǱΨһһ߱˾ħʯ̨ãȴص˵
ħһ⻰浹һ
Ҫ֪׹ħȻǲڵĹ֮һдֻͨħѣٹǡεĶ֮١ڡǧǡεİ׹ħỳǷƳɹġ
ϾָߵȽ׵ĹܣҪʱʯ飬һ߲ԼӲ㣬һ⻨Ѫġ
ǰħȻͷһ߼ǡεħôȻ֮
˵ǧǲεİ׹ħ;ʦǿʵǲħҪǿ󵽺̶ֳˣ
ɿһת󣬼ϸˡ
ħʦնɱڶǿУ֮ʢ˿ѷɫ֮֮Եȴ֪ˣȴǴħʦүһδʱشˣȻʦү¼޲һҲˣֻԭȵСʵ˵ˣҲǿֵһڳ׵սȻ˭Ҳû֤Ҳ֪Ƿ˵ġּ˵
һСʵ൱ڻڳʵħȻȴеĻҪµĶࡣŹĻеãдݵ˵
⵹ǵġ˵ʦүħúƺǴ֮ʶʵűһϵġħǿ󼸷ֵġҲˣ걻ʱȴ޷ǲֱ滻޲ģֻһֱĳ֮ǧǰǿ޲ģ󣬾޷ٽһ޲ˡʦүøħֻս꣬ҲѻɢĲˡǰսʹħһֱ޷ɹġֱһ˿عǴ󷨵ǰɴ಻øսֱ꣬ÿع֮ųɹ߶ħһεġŽ͵˵
ˣʦǾܲħڵֵϱʹǱɻ괸ŰһЩġȴս긽ħ»Ҫ󽵲ٵġĿº˼˵
ȻҲ֪µġǰĴʹȱ˶ս꣬ħҲɻ괸ɱȵġʦֻܲһѡ߿϶ҪǰʹǺʵ顣ʦѡһҪݳԺĽȷɻ괸˿عǴ⣬Ϊֻһǿݴ˱ģֻǴ˷󻼲С򲻵ѵʱҲõġſЦĻص
ŵ˼ˣһ˵İɡͲ˵̫ϻֱӵͷ˵
ܺãʹ򿪽ơԴϲ
֮һתǸɫԲ̾ٴθֶһ󣬾һɫĻϡ
顱һԲ̲󣬾ɫĻ˲ʧ
֮˵һԣһƾʩģ
˿ʯ̨ϵã˫Ŀһк󣬾ֲŲæͬʱ˵ͳ
ڤǾĲȻȻܴиӦһֲݸǵ
ʱȻʱҲ޳ˣȴǵһεʩչ˷
ֻ϶ʱðһɹɺΧתƬ̺ʹԼ˹Ǻ֮
ԱԭЦۿţƣϲֳһ˿Ȼ
λʦܵķ̶ȣƺԭԤϵҪǿĶࡣ
ʱһ٣ֱһ̧һָʯ̨ϵһȥ
һ
һɫһŵû뵽ͷ­ڡ
֮зһ䡣
ۡһ
һɫƾ𣬲һ첲һ󣬾ͻ
Ŀô˾϶ʱ¶˴ϲı顣
ʱһָһٳ
֮˫һ󣬾ֱӴʯһ£ʱȲ̫ȻһͲһĵˤڵء
ü΢΢һһͬʱʮָһ㵯ʼȫڹעȥˡ
һֻ̣ڶۿУȻڡһŵɫ渡ֶһתȼն
ɲǼ䣬ƻΪһööɫĵƮ˲ıѶΪһƮ
Ƭ̼乤ñƬɫûˣֻܿһģӰ
֮дһİĵͺ𣬳޾֮⡣
ģӰںӿпǾ޴󣬼ζ󣬾ͻΪɸߵȻ
顱һ죡
һֻСİɭɭʹһԼһֻ޴ҪӺζӡ
ˣͷһ
ʱеȻȻһξٴηɿСźһɢʧֳվԶĲãۿеĽɫѾ֮·ǰһȫδһ㡣
Ȼҵȷܲħ̫ǿһ㣬޷ġüͷһ壬һתףʧ֮ɫĳԱ˵һ䡣
ʦܲʧˡѾԤϵĻҪˣƾղħ̶ֳȣѾ㹻ˡ׼һԣȴû¶źı飬һЦ˵
˵䣬ȡһ߰׹ƣȻӡźħһĺɫƣžӨĹâ
ǡʶĽӹƣһͷˮʵ
ħһС߹ƳɵĽƣҲǰȱΪݴħ˼ڤƳķܹӵӦֵʹˡ΢ЦĻص
ⶫȻЧһˡԣǲıˡ
֮ĿһɨǰԶú󣬾ͽעȥͬʱһΡ
һ죡
׹ƵƹâţͬʱĺɫĴпӿ漤ȥ
һ󣬾ͽЩɫȫ뵽ԼУŶۿнȼնһźֱӿӿˡ
Ƭ̼䣬ξٴαɫס˵ĵͺٴδдͬʱһɱǰҪǿĿֲϢһ
ͫȻһһֻ߰ɵȻʹӺһ߶


250 ʦ
ʱͯ£߳ɽȡ
˼ɫĿе˷֮ɫ
ͯʩһĻתɽȺӻһ伮Цݵ˵бʦүµĲħĵᣬûȥúÿһһħգȫʦܵڤǾˡʦܾ콫伮жڻͨ˵úͻõġ
ȻһȻУĵͷǡ
ٶ󣬲źʹ˵ķ֣ڿնˡ
һƶУһ߰׹ƣǰڹħ®ɽĿв֮С
ħ޴󻯺ĿɶȣԶԶģлڵʵ
ħȻ⣬ڿܽ׹ƲٿסħֻӦԸɽȼΣܶϰ֮һ
˼ţ˾ͺܿص˾ӤɽĶУڽϥº󣬳
ŽħرҪóʹãɼڱ߽紦ͺս治ֹ۵ġ
Ϊн׵ҺںߣʻԱްġҺڸ߽׻߻ڵĺǿߣ¾Σˡ
ǿȻսħںǰ¶棬±ֵȽ׵ĺǿ߶ϼǳ顣
뵽Цһ
ԭΪʦΣͲˣȴû뵽Ͼײ˴顣
ڵΣҲܾܾʹħΣΨһںսԼһ㱣ϵģֻзԼʵһ;ˡ
ֻҪȥ߽ǰʵһصĻҲͶһԱİա
뵽ɴཫ˫ĿϣͬʱʶйâһһƵĺ伮ƾճˡ
Ǳڤ
Դӵõ󣬵ֻҴҿһ飬̫ºδĹˡ
ʦ֮Ϊ˹Ϊʱͬδ˹
ʱ䣬һҳҳķɫ伮ϸ
һʱ˫ĿһǾϲӵıˡ
ǰĴ˵伮ʱΪΪʮ߰˾䶼޷֪ڤһŹ⣬δ
ʦΪٲ˹ʱȴʱолȻʣǰ಻طһ±װˡ
Ȼ򵥵Ľڤ͸ҲһŪ߳ݣʣЩ̫ɬ֣Ժٶ໨ЩʱоҲȫġ
ҲŪڤһʲôĹˡ
˹ڤǾЩƣЩطֽȻͬ
Ƶǣ˹ڤǾһ֮ǿЧڤǾͬǣڤϵǿ̶ȸڤǾᲢ۵ġ
˵ڤǾ֮Чڷˣڤ֮ʮоųɶǿˣֻһɲڷ档
ľǣ˵˹Ϊ㣬ֱӦҺںͻ磬ÿһ㶼߶һһ֮ȫ꣬Ϳͬʱ֮Ժ󣬻ɶһֽڤĴͨ˲֪׹þж֪
ʦ֮ҲȥڵĲؾ󣬲鿴һЩڵʦûһڤŵġ
ǵ伮ȫʵĻڤĹ֮һ
ţ˫Ŀֳһ˿֮ɫһ˹Ŀֲ̺һ
ڤȻܹ⿿һԪÿһʱ䶼ſɡ
ǺεаŶһ߳ڱʴ£һСͿܻΪ˰Ĺ
üͷ˰󣬻ǳһĽʱõԺ
ڤ֮ȻԶԤ֮⣬伮ûпٳڼĺսп޷̫ġ
һĻʱھʵֻнһЩˡ
ţ̧첲ϵݡ
ռ챦кȻһһԪˮ
ԴƳɴеġˮ顱϶ʮֲֿ
Ҳ¼һܷǵˡ֮⣬ѾͻƵҺˣԭΪƿҲˣȻٿһЩҩ鵤ֱˡ
˼о˶ơ
ڶһ磬뿪˾Ӥɽֱڵĳɽһɶȥ
һͳʬһ帽ĳͱڸ
ʮɸߵĵطͱϿһȳɫʯţҷһӽʯʮɺ󣬾Ӧɢ
ž·ޱȡ
Դ˵ûʲô쳣һ֮󣬾ͽֱӸ˿
顱顱
ʯԶطͣͬʱָһ鵯˼¡
Ƭ̹ʯһ߳һС׳Ķʮ꣬һǰȻ󣬲һʵǡ
ʦɣӤɽݷáɫ˵
ʲô½׵ʦ壡ʦԺȥ֪ͨʦһһ˻һЩֵ̿˵
δתȥȴ󴦴һˣѽɡҲλ½׵Сʦܡ
Ȼ󣬵ȴ졣
׳һĴӦһͲÿڡ
򲻿һû뵽ʯźͨС
һյ蹤һ֮ʯڣһۡݸߵߣͨ˫Ŀȴ
˵ϷһˡʦҵͷϣвҲвʦһġЦЦ˵
ʦ˵ʦֲʦǷеЩͨʦɱȵġҪһҲ鷳ʦˣҪƵĶǱѰҲֻлʦֲܽƳɹġɫһĻص
ŶȻ顣֪ʦƵĵʲô˵Ϸһԣɫһˡ
ɣҽƵóʦֿһȻ˵顣գգ۾󣬲ɫ˵
С
ڵĴӦ
ʱûóһֶľ׳һۡ
߶ʱЩȻת׳ԼµӷԸһ
굱ĴӦ˳˴
ʱһöһɶһŵûвӰ
һ̣һɫ󣬺Ȼһ㵭⡣
߼ΣȻûֹʲô϶һЩɫ
һкŵһתһɫСֶһģĻΪ˰ɸ߾ٶ
䡱һ޶ݺڵϣʯɽʯдȥ


251 ɫ˲
ʦĿô˾ͫ΢΢һһ͹Ȱĵ޶Աߣϸ
ˣ΢Ц
ֻǺͨɳ֮أѵлʦΧž޶תһȦüͷһ˵
ʦֹȻˣ֮ȷҴϡĿһ˵
ʦֵ˵ͷһֻһһ֮͸һȥ
ۡһΪصĸӵһɶ𣬲ȵĸڰв¡
ʦһ̽ͷһȥɢɫĺɫҺθ˸ϲֳһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
Ȼλʦ֡Ҳûϵ֮Сһ
һ̣һתȻʲôֳ嶦һ̡
顱һ죬޶΢΢һΣɫҺȻһ
ʦɫʱ䣬һʧڣһԪˮǴеĴ˱
ôʦǰ˱ϳһԪˮҲЩˡ
Ϸǵһμ챦һ¸ϵ飬һԪˮͼƬԭȷϣԹҲͿ϶ˡʱĻƻʦ֣۶գĶŶ֮Ȼ૵˵ǳ֮ɫ
ԭˡʦּȻ֪ǺֲˣӦҲ֪ʦƺ˰ɣЩȻ󣬸ɴ̹Ȼֱʵ
һԪˮȻټ֮ƵĶ̫࣬ټܺƥҲϡޱȡĪʦܴһһԪˮƳɴеˮ鲻ɣʦ֮Ժӳ˼֣һº󣬻Ļص
ʦֲΪڵһʦȻͿʦܵ⡣ҵȷ뽫һԪˮƳˮ顣֪ʦжٰգͷɫһʵ
ϡıʦǰ˵ģͨеЩʦʧܵļʻ᲻СǻĳԶƵĻȻû̫⣬ֻǿɵĻǺεƷʵˡʦһʮŵ˵
ʦ־Ȼ˴գҾ֪ȷѡ񡣡󣬴ϲ
ٺ٣ʦܼȻóһԪˮΪһʦȻ޷ܾƳһջ󡣲ʦ֮Ҹ׸ɻɡʦֺٺһ˵
ûʦְæµµġʯȻһЩʦҲϵġɣһеʹ͵һɷ֮ɡɿһת󣬺ЦĻص
ʹ͵ɷ֮Ȼ֧ͨͨõҲǿˡǽһԪˮƳˮĻķѵһЩҲ٣Ȼܹ룬ֵͬҲǲƵġʦȵͷҡҡͷ
һɷ֮ٸʦʯһΣǳˬ˵
û뵽ʦͲ󣬵һ١ãǾ˵ˡһºԵȡ⣬ϣˮЧƣҲȸ˵ʡ󣬷ˡʦЩ⣬´ۺںƼֵ˵
һöˮûҪֻҪһء֣ʦս˱ƳɺεƷȫԽƾСƺԴ͹˼󣬺ԥĻص
ֻ׷ǿѹˮ鱾ķǽϵĻ¾һСɽҲܱһġصıǿ󣬿ºʹɡʦĻȻ֪ƹҲ΢һ
öˮѹķ𺳳档
ʦַģҼȻдҪȻԴ׼ġ΢΢һЦ˵
УȻʦ׷ֱӵǿܹʹҾͰմҪƴ˱ʦһ󣬵һνӡ
ǽʱ䣬ʦְһʦأԡ
֮Ҳڴ˶යֱӵĸ뿪ˡ
ڴеĺߣž޶еĺɫҺΣϵ˷֮ɫ
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˵Щ󣬵첲һץ̲һϻƾո֣һȫȵǰ
̧һУһϻƾշٵһת󣬸Ӿһ¶һɫ˲Ρ
˲и첲ϸ֫ͷ­ȫɼɢһ˵
ؾеõһҩɫӦǧ򣬼ʹȥҲ÷һصġ
ֻʱͽʱôҩЩ̫˷ѣһֱġ
ɫ˲⣬лʦҩֻЧҪһЩѡ
ĹƣЩҩȫµĻȻֱܽƵҺڣҲԵֵʮĿ֮ˡ
뵽ԥһö̽ڽɫ˲±һƬֱ˿У׽¡
һɽ֭Һ˿ǻ˲û쳣ֻǺһȫû˶С
ֻйһƬΪһɹӿȥˣҲͬʱһƬ
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ʱţкԽԽ࣬ͬʱĴϢҲһĸǿ
һȫŨŨʱʱĴġԡ
պкĴһȥƬ̼仯ΪһƿĳڴΧ裬ޱȡ
ʱԭ˫Ŀյ۾һǾϲɫ


252 
ʳһƬɫ˲ΣֱڤǾ󣬽һЩھȻҲ˾˵ı仯
ԭһ˾ЩӨִĹ˿̱渡ֳһЩɫȻЩϸģ壬ҲǰǽȻͬġ
ʮָһգʱܸܵԭʵһЩͬʱƺҲ˲С
ղųһƬɫ˲⣬Щɸû顣
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˵ڹ䣬ʮа˾ڷԵˡ
ΣͽʱֻڤǾÿ޳һʱŻᷢģڹ仯ҲԵġ
ѵΪΪʦڤǾĲԲԵʡ
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һŽ̽һһֽеĽɫ˲һƬٴη˿С
ʱͬһĻˡ
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ٹգ΢һºһھͿˡ
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һٷʬһͱڴһһξԶĳɫʦһײȥ
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Ƭ̺ʯžһǰ׳һ߶һ󣬵ҵĹһ񣺡Ӱݼʦ壬ʦѾԸˣ⼸ʦĻͨͿֱȥġ
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ϾԼõģҲһʮؽƵƷѡ
ʦˡʦܵ˵õı꣬ʦֿǷ󣡡
˺ȻüЦտˣ΢һԲ飬ȷϵȷʮؽƵ󣬵ʹȡһСƿһʯֱ׸˺ߡ

ӺʬһһɶʱеĺɫԲ飬ʮ˷ܵɫ
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Ƭ̺Բ鿪ʼɢĵĹâͬʱ渡ֳһԽԽࡣ


253 ֧Ԯ
һ뽫ԲԶһͶʱ򣬽ڷһԲȻޱȣֱһ󣬲޷ƶֺ
ԴƺѾԤϣֱϼȻһֺһȻڿӿ
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üͷһ壬˫ûгʲôж̽ٺһöۣȫӸ˹Ы

תۼЫ˶ʮöۣûҪ˼ֳɫʱҪ˯ӡ
ˣ΢΢һɡ
ȻԿƬ࣬ЫٶȥҲҪʹˡ
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дȻһ
ɫһ˫ĿһʼĬĬĲĴ
ȹһСڸȻֹĿһ󣬲૵˵һ䣺Ȼټڸ߲ۻᣡ߽紦޷֧ȥˣʮа˾ҪɳԮˡ
ɫЩأҵʲô뿪˶˾Ӥɽֱһȥ

ٴһ
֮һ۴ɽŴ½ڿգľۣםۣĹۣĸʮɣ̵򲻹߰ңʮӡ
ЩзȫվϢߣһġƿ𣬷ȫͬһȥˡ
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֮ΧռһŤټȺɽȻһģȫƾղӰ
ͬʱЩɽԭ֮ðƬ̼ͽ˵ػΪһƬһޱߵĺɫ


254 Ы
šֲȼʦͬһҾ޴ϣȺ۵Ĵ
ǰ飬һڳÿһʦɽ⣬ȫȥ֧Ԯ߽紦ڡ
ӤһΪʹħȻֻùȪˡ
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255 ߽
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ӦԪĴ΢΢һϲִȡСƿͬһ׶ȥͨʶЫȡһڴһڱη󣬲ƹһߴһɶȥˡ
Ƭ̹һɵеʱϻƹҲͬʱɢ
ͣڰУǿʱ̼ŵһС
ʱһĹȥһһҹ
ڶһ磬ٴԶɽͷ͸֮ʱʼûзֵк쳣ھ뿪ˡ
Ŀɨһ󣬻ԼЩ̫ġ
Ҫ֪Ы׳ҺĹ֪֮ģҪȥ߽紦ʱ䣬רػ׽ġЫʱȻɻģȻƫƧ˭֪Ƿʲô˻󴳽˻ٵ˹ЫĽԾĶˡ
ţһҧ󣬵ȻһֻƤ
ۡһһɺƤһٵһͻûһͷ­
Ƿ­ħͷ
ֱ׽ķԸ
­˺󣬡¸¡Ц󣬾ͳ帽һŴȥһģ󣬾ȻֱûвӰ
ˣһһ׳һȴһɫԲ
һ㣬Բ򵱼ԡһ죬ͻûһɳķۡ
µһطۡ
΢΢һȷۣͻΪһƿȥˡ
­߹Ȼܶһ֣Ϊ­ܸ̫ˡһ罫ħͷ£ȷЫܹȻס
Ȼ֪һΣЫжʳɹףĳ֮ƤƬҲֵڴһ顣
ǣڷ߽ԶȥʱƬڻָյƽ·һжδһ㡣

ٹһն׷ڵȺ󣬾ͳ뿪ҹ۵Ϸ
֮»طһգ˾ƮƮ˹ϣںӵĲĿ⣬Ųæȥ
һУڴϣȻ˵
ɫһȡԭη̣һ³ֵֺ󣬵¶Цݣٽһն󣬾ͼıĿ

ºһƬʮľ޴ɽУڷԽһǧɵľ޷壬ȻǰһǰȻһƬ֮أһͷӡ
ǲԶ֮һǽɸߵҪǳȻ
˳ȻռֻʮСͨ嶼һֲ֪ĵɫשͷɣԶԶȥǳض⣬Ȼһ׳ΰľ޳Ǹо
˿̣ǽȫӿݣһЩطѿ˴СһĿӣСֻдϸȴ߿㡣
޳һվһսʮֲƵӡ
ڴ˳ܱߣ޽дСʮߵͲһʯͬɫשͷɣߵǧɣĲһɣͨ嶼׹⻤סҶ˸һֱǴӡ̳ߡꪵȲͬ
ÿһʯ˽ͣн޳УӾ޳зĳʯڡ
Щʯ޳ǣһЩͣڿУ׷Щɫʯשϻ÷ƣֳСӡͼһЩһЩԲͲ޳Ǳ³һЩĵɫҺ塣
ЩҺһ絽ǽϵЩѷ촦󣬾ȻܿӲпȫֲʵʵ
ڳǽϣһӶӵļʿѲţڸգʮͷɽСĺɫ費ӸµһֱܵĶ
ҲˣڷһɽϷɳ󣬶ʱͱ޳˷ˡ
޳һ󣬴ӳ̷ɳһź¡¡߹Ƭ̹͵˷ǰ棬Ȼһɢ¶һͷǷ޵Ļߡ
ڵĻǿߣʦ档
ݼʦ壬˼ôԳˡѴʦ߳ţһʦ棬һļæǰ
ֲȻҲͬĹһ
ʱ䣬ӦòǵˣȻԳȷһˡԶҲǲףȽ˵ɡʦĿһɨˣ¶һ˿Цݵ˵
Ȼгơǡ
һɷ£ҡڵķ˾޳УһƬرΪڻһ¡
ſ޳ȫ޽һʯݣ룬ǳ򵥵ĻΪȫռ֮һ
ڷµʱһЩѵڵӵӭ
һԸ£ӷµӣЩһЩʯУֱźס
ԼʦλʦֱʯȺеһߴʯȥ
˲䣬Ŀһɨ̿ŵʮڸ߲㣬մ󺺣յõ˺Ȼȫ档
Ӱݼʦ˹ȥȳյһ
ĺܺáѾʦִѶ˵ˣ㾹ȻһξͽҺˡܺãҵĿҲһʦԺֻҪͷϳһʦУҲʩˡ˵ҵ̵ļ٣ڳɾͣǿԼġյһ˱֣һֺЦݵ˵
ȷҺ͹ʦֶˣҲδġʦֶȻܳΪһʦġʦĪΪԹҶ˰յԱһˣҲʮָ˵Ŀˣȴࡣ
Ȼ˵ҡ
ʱʦȻҲͺʹ˴һţһֱѯʺ˵Σһʱ䵹һƬ
ʱȴȻɫһܵһɲƵĿ⣬תһۡ
̾Ϳһߴ꣬ޱĿ
Ǹ߳ӡ
˿ɫûУüͷһ壬δкηӦʱȻһȴһɫߵֱ꣬˹
ʦܣû뵽⼸겻ҾȻѾʦˡ
ԭʦ֣ĺܣʦʲֻܶۼ꣬޷ʦְؾл󣬾ͬƿġ΢΢һЦĻص
ͨϵȻ֪Ǭǽڸ֮߳󣬾ϢȻҲʦɹġ


256 
صź֪Ǭ׵Ҳһ䶯Ҷ̶ʱھȻʦҪͻȻ˺飬òڸ߲Ϊڴ֮ʱֵˡ
ڵǬĸоϢӵʵȻλڴʦ֣ͬǺǽҲŽʦġ
Ǭʱ򣬶кȻʦĻˣʲôҪ˵ĻԺ˵ˡڳű˶Ⱥúּ顣
λΨһĻǿߵĻȻ˸Ҳȫ̷ֳţʵʵϡ
ʦֶǲսʦȽͺ˾Σʦֵܽһɡʦˣֵ˵
ǣλʦֵҲͨǰյϢѾǰЩ˽⡣ʵϣǺͺ˼սԤϵĻҪ⡣մ󺺴Ӧһվɫһ˵
ҵȶϴġԣɫ΢˵
µ֮ˣҲһݡ
˴Դǰס֮˫֪޷ʱսʤԷŸ޽һսǣ׼־֮սԭһǰʱڻǿ߲ϲ˫ԸսΪĵĻϽɱһֱάסܵľ档󣬺ǱߺȻһǿԮλͨԭĺ˴ͬǳ˲ٿͷͨ׽һ˿е֪ȻԶ˲䣬ڵ֪ռƴ½Һ󣬾ȻҲɳһյ֧ԶĺҲǿߡһڵĻǰ͸׳ˣԺǼǴ·磬ǰú˹սǰҪǺսǼɱﵣú˳һڻԷӲסġλǰΣɳּǿ޲վǻٻ֮価ָԭȵǿ⣬һǰɳʹߣ׼˺ٵĻǿԼһʦ弸ٳͺĻǿԼһһεʦǰҶԷֶ˻ǿߣǰԼһôûʤİաʱ½֧ԮѾҹ·ˣԤºܴﵽˡǵļƻҲҪŹʱ䡣ЩȻ˵Ҫ˺ٻڲ׼ֵЭ飬ҲɵʦȱƼ֮¶Ժ˴ֱûսгǿߣӦûһʱġմϸĽһɫʮȻ
ʦ壬㸺ˣôΪδ˵£ЩɫʦʵģȻһһѾָ߰˰ˣʣֻ˶ѡǣҲΪǵĶѡϾŻҪϹͷġʦȴһЦ˵̫ӡ
ʦֶȻʦͻҪΪŲҪǵʦûгĻ˵ھܶһǿˡȻһ֮ɫ˵
ʦֵȷǿϧˣҲԵ̫ǳŴһ飬ʧٺƻĪķ飬ҵڻ޷ҵκԭ򡣡ʦʦֺ֡ɫҲΪ֮һ
Ȼ֪νġʦ֡ʲôˣǬ߳ʦɫЩȻ󣬾Ϳ֪˿϶һ֮ˡ
ˣ¾ˡҪζȹѹزҪġȻǼϼһѾȡ֮ߣҲҪݺݷΣؽ˴ˣŲǱ̫ģʱȵԮʦֶЩ𣿡ʦĿ˼º󣬾Ѹٻָƽʵ
ʦģЩҶˣһһ⾪ϲѾҵʹĺ֮ˣ½׵ʦܡŹĻص
ʲôҵʹ֮ˣʦֶ𣿡ʦ϶ʱ¶˾ϲ֮ɫĿһɨ֮󣬾䵽ϡ
Ȼʦ󣬻ǵһμλʦ壬䵱ؾͺӰʱλǿ²Сӡ󡣺ŵ˸䴫Ѷֶһ½ʦ飬Ȼˡ
ʦ壬ӵȷǿˣȻ̫ӦÿڴսΪھġȻ֪˵ħվĻص
ܺãҾ֪ʦֶһ֮ˡһʵͿɴˡˣʦֶͷһмҪһġʦԴΪˣʲôֶ䡣
Ȼе죬ͷĴӦ
ʦֶȻܸһ飬ӦѾˡʦºͷ­һתɷһĳʵ
ʦ壬ļλȻӡ꣬Һͱʦ޲£Ѿ׻ָյķɣֻҪĹ֮ײ٣һʵֻʣˡԣĹص
ߣҪǱѾͷ⣬Ȼϸ͵ͷ­йֵĻᵣĺٶǿߡˣѾͷΪûйղӭǵʱһġʦȵͷɫһ˵
ʦʦġֻʦõȷû뵽Լ۰ӻǺˣڷһҵ֮ʱŻͻȻ֡ʦһͽֵġڼʹֻɵҲӦһĻǿˡһݣæ׵˵
ǰʵҲ׵ıҵȲٿصġҲ˵˵
ˡֻҪɷһܹݹΪ󹦣ҾͲ׷ˡʦüͷһ󣬺һ󣬲̾һ˵
лʦȫԣȻϲĳл
Ȼ֮ˡ
û뵽ھȻȱͷ­£ȻͷڵĴ˹ƺҪں֮սϡ
ʦ鲢δ¶ྪȵı飬ȻԴ´֪һġ
˵Ļڵʵǲͬһ㣬ҲǱǳġ
ʱ䣬ʦ£һʦ˼ս飬սۣ˶׷ʦǵ뿪ˡ
תۼУ֪ʣλʦˡ
ʦֶϴȥۿӰڵʱ򣬿гֹʲô쳣𣿡ʦ彫ºĵһ仰˴һ
һ˿ɫδ¶ʮֹػصʦΪλһʣڹĦӰڵʱ򣬲δ쳣ġ


257 ʬ;ۻ
Ŷʦֶ֪ԴĦӰڲã˱ھ˿ųˡʦ嶢˵
ʦֶ治ˡյ뿪ʱ򣬴˱ڻġգգ۾Ļص
ţҵȷͯ˵Ӧúû̫ϵģȥӰںľԵʡǿϧڻǺʦүĵϵԵʦԣɫһЩ̾Ϣ˵
ҵȵʲʦү޷ܿϵİɡ΢ɣи͵˵
˰ɡνҪȴΪˣΪڤǾԵʡ֪˹֮ˣµ𣿡ʦȻһЦʵ
ʲôʦ˼ҵ״ӣһ
ȻҺˣԳƺһʦ֡ʱͳڤǾ־ҪڤǾΪһʦΪϧķԼҲڻ֪ˡĳ֣Ҳǰһˡʦ建˵
ӶʦִҲһĴмģ֪ʦˣ˵˵
ڱչУֻҪԪǰɹҺڣҲˡϷһȻΪʦӦúڤǾ޷ˣѡ޹ʦȻһתʵ
Ϊӽ״æδʱҵĹȻȥ˵ʵ˵Ļص
ţ˵ĻڤǾƫʬɷһӦްġɣһʬ㣬úһ˵ԺЩôġס˷ܸڶ˿ݹʦ巭ˡʦ˼һº󣬾˵һĻ
֮һһںһɶ
ʦ壬ǡ
ʶһͽһץסһͷˮҪЩʲô
ˣϷЩˣ͵ˡʦֶȥɡʦѯʵĻᣬ֮ԹԵı˫Ŀ
λǿһԸٶ̸ӣȻٶʲô΢΢һ󣬾ת뿪˴
ʦ壬Ҫ𣿡Ӱڴſʧʱ򣬸һӺ󲨶һ𣬾תһӰ
ȻǰӦѾ뿪ƣȴǲ֪ӺʱȻķ
Ҳ֪ȻһԪҲҪǰЩ׼ˡһֶȥʱͷëʬܿˡҿɲͷԼʬ˸ͬ³ʦĬȻһ˵Ļص
ʦֶȻ֪ʦ֣֮ҲһöʦܰɣϾŸոսҺΪΪǳģǷˣ˳ɵʵ
ߣѡ½׵⣬˲Ѵ󣬾ʲ޷ҵĶʬ֮Ϸ򵱳ֻʦһˣϧҲ̫ˣڻ֪Ҳܽһȫˡڸ߳壬ǻѪһڹʬһྶͥҲ޷ʬġҲһѡʦһ˵
߳⺢ӵȷѪһ֮ţʦֱֶƼ˼ҵˡԣЩˡ
ʦȴܲʵļ˵ǬĻȻʬ֮޹ʣҶʵݣܴͬҵĶ֮һȻֻʣһˡӲᣬַǳǿ󣬶ڤǾԴҵĶ֮ǺġҪ˵Ψһȱ㣬žˣ֪δܷٽһȻܹһξͽʦҲǱϿ򵥣Ҳֵڴһġ
ʦһ˵ֻʦΪˡʦΪβ˵£ֻȽھˡ˼ºȿЦһЩɻʵ
ҺλʦֶӴ࣬Ʒ̫˽⣬Ȼھŵëʬи֮¡һʱ䣬Ҳһʱȿʬһ˵ˡʦ㵭˵
ʦȷϳ֮٣ʦֶЩðʧˡʦǰٻ϶ʲôҪ̰ɡŵͷ󣬺ܿ콫ԺɫȻһ䡣
һˣȥڵźЩϼһúĴսϵҵȴڴǼڲòϸϸһġʦһص˵
ʦֶˡԣûие̫⣬ϵĴӦ
֮˴Ӵ뿪ֱǳĴȥˡ
ͬһʱ䣬ҲѾһڵ£뵽һΪƧʯǰ
˵ؾڳеʱסˡ
·Ӻ󣬾ͽС
һסȻ࣬δȫȲú˸ϽƣΪ⡣
׼ԼϢʱ򣬺Ȼ⴫
Ȼһ֮š
ֻվһɫ꣬Ǭ
ʦܣҴȥطȥˣ֪Ȥ
ȥˣȻ¶֮ɫˡ
ںһ⼸½׵ʦǼȫϴؾ֮֮ˣʦҲӦüġǬ΢ЦĻص
ŶμĿǡЩȻһ˿ɻӡ
ǺǣҪǼЩ˻ʶһܻҪдһͨǬɵĻص
ˡУҺʦ־һ˰ɡмˣЦĴӦ
ܺãҾ֪ʦܲµġǬԣϲ֮
֮ڿն𣬳ĳһɶȥˡ
һСһС͵þͳǰǰһɿľ޴ƽ̨λúƬ֮Ϊ֮
ʦܣȥɡǬ˵˵һ󣬾ʹ·һȥ
Ƭ̺˽뵽˵С
֣οˡѾΧһӻ̸ţһ׿ǬĴϲе
꣬ȴǵؾڵʦ֡
һ˵ˡৡһ£ĿҲɨ˹
ٺ٣ΪȥʦһͬԵʡֽеĪϴдĲ̫׼սһβɣǬƳһۣ˵
ͬʱȴҲ˵ؼȫһ飬Ȼ֮ˡ
ɫŮӣڵ
ŮߵģһŮӣͬɫ̽
һѪ۵ӣϴؾ֮мģһѪӵĴʦ֡Ѫ͡
һŷΣһѳȵĳü꣬ҲЩ죬ӦҲȥؾġ
һĸߴĿ俴꣬ȴǸ߳ˡ


258 д
߳ڴ˲ûие⡣
ϾǬȻ˵Ǽ½ʦľۻᣬ߳嵱Ȼʸٴˡ
ǺкǬֳ֮Ϊ˵ֵλڴ˵أΪġԭΪҲֺֻ͸߳ʦܸһģȴû뵽һλͬʱʦҪʦؾеıֶۣƺҲֵ̫ˡˣҲˣʦѾˣӦóƺһʦܲŶԵġ
ңܽʦֻǽҶѡˣô֪¸顣΢΢һЦĻص
ٺ٣ܴӱĽ׳ʦһǽҵġҲ˵ֱϵĻˡڸ飬Ȼǰ͸ҵȴкˡֶðɣӦԺ֮ߡһ۵˵
Ǭԣ˹ȥ
ͷɫҲȥ
Ǭλĵط¡
һߣŮӡ
Ůһɫ΢΢һ죬Ȼ˵ͷ
Ůƺʮ󣬵Щ⣬ҲʶŮЦһЦ
ŮӣɬһƬȻ̧ٿӡ
ǴŮԱߵֻǵһۣ˿ûС
һߣһǬ£Ц˹ƺҲԼλѶǬȴһۡ
ʱ궯һԼӺЩεԭλӡ
ˣҺʦܸղЩλܷ񽫸ղݣҶ˵һ¡ǬŲŲæʵ
Ǹղ̸ǰκ³ֵһֺޣʮֵѲ֣ʲô취Ӧ𣿡ŵĳü꣬Ŀڡ
Ŷʦ˵˵ͷԴ޾ˮɽƬջΪˮǾޣǬԣЩȻˡ
֪ѵϴνսҲֺޣüԣЩȻķʵ
ֹһڴ˺޺һʦСǬһ
ţ˺޵ȷʮֵѲṥȴƤˣóݺˮһֵĻʵ̴١ԭΪֻʦܺʦ˺ޣֶˡѪҲˡ
ŶʦҲ˺ˣ֪ʦӦԵģΣҵʱһʩչӵġǬһ˵ʵ
ƿͷ޷һնɱˣȻͺֵĺʦһ۰򡣡ƽ˵
һ⻰˶һ飬ĿⶼЩˡ
ʦòΪͨ齣ˣ֮󣬷ɽ֮ǿһҺҲ˰ɡѪ췢˵
λѪӵĴʦ֣гԹٿͷԭΪ׺ԼѪӴ󷨾ǱѰӦÿλڵľޣԴӼͺ˼ζֺģҲͳġ
ڼǺ޵Ǭͳü꣬Ȼһ۵ĿЦˡ
ʦȾ޷ɽ֮֮ˣҵпҲֻһӦǺ޵İ취ҵȿûа취õġ޼Ȼͨˮ֮෴ĻͨӦô߳һ䡣
вͨλСܱڻԹҲóˣӻͬԵศǴ߶֮Ҳһʱ̾ƿ⺣ܻƵӴˮֻǵһͷ޻ãֻǶ໨ʱѣƫƫкϵʦȻɱͷ޵ġüüͷһ˵
Ǭ⻰Ҳͷ
ȻҲӦùֶͬΣͬûЧ
Ҫǻ֮㻰ǾӦԱԵķˡһˮӦÿס޵ж˰ɡ߳һ˵
ҲСȻûԹ˷⺣ҲӲȴģһ֮κβġߣȴһβʮԶȥǬԣһڵķ
⺣˼֣ѵûʲôˡЩƵ˵
Ȼ֮ʹλùЦһЦĿˡ
ûԹ˵Ǹ취Ǻ޴߶ˮʱҪͣˮֻҪֱͶˮУͿжġǬһ˻˫Ŀ
Ǻ޵һ㶾ЧɡѪȴ˼˵
Ǻǣ˵ö֮ڶѴ󶼲ó֮ҵһЩ涾벻̫ѵ顣һֲУͶ֣һӦûЩЧġ²ܽ⺣޶УӦҲһ顣˵
ţ⻰˵еȷֵһԡѪԱߵòªӣͷ˵ˡ
ˡ׾λǡ˳ªһۣЩһ䡣
ŶϵʦҲġʦѪһʵ֮µġҲμؾ֮Уʱ䶼ĳطڵ־ͲƽƽˡѪԣЦݵ˵
ԭˣ˵ѪôЩġ·мֻȻ
ʱ䣬һֳ˼ӦǺ޵İ취ȻһĶãʱ޴ʱҲڶ޲ˡ
ڴڼ䣬ǬҲ΢˺ʦһЩĽɫԺϺöעһ
һЦĿȻ˵
ˣйغ飬۵ɡǲǿʼедˣһʦܼĻв˶жֵȤɡ
⻰һڣĲĿ˲ϡ
ɫû¶˿쳣֮ɫ
ףǲĻ¾͡üĿһѼսʱȴһ˺Ȼˡ
ɸҺһս𣿡ȴǸ߳һתףסһ˵
⻰һڣ˶Ϊ֮һ
Ҫ֪Ǽд裬Ȼû˵ʲôһȻ֮սͬڼдȴδġ
Ǭ⻰Ȼûие̫ȣҲап಻˵ʦܣ㡭
ʦ֣֪˵ʲôκʦܵдڱУˣǰʦܼؾʹ˷£ٲɧֺҴӴڵطҾܵĻرãʲôӮ˵Ļ뵱ڸҿͷҺݺݳһڶ߳ɫ˵
һ߳ն˵صĻǬʱĿ˼䣬ٿ˿ۺ̾Ϣһû˵ʲô
йԼλʦܼľȻҲ˵ˣֻһֱû뵽۵̶ֳȶѡ
˼ˣȻĴˡ
ãȻʦ˵ţĳһʦܽ׺ͨɡ˫ĿĿ˸߳Ƭ̺󣬾͵ĴӦ


259 ˲Ѫ
Ȼ˵˻͸߳һ֣Ȼڳ֮˿赲ˡ
߳ڵдĿУҲʵǿ֮ˣϾйնɱͬ׺ߵȡ
֮෴ȻҲ˼ʶ֣ͽʱˡʦʵûһ˼ʶġ
߳Ļشɫһ֣˵ʯȥ
ҲȻҲһƮ뿪
˻һۺҲɫĸ˳ȥ
Ƭ̺ʯǰǸ޴㳡Ͽգ͸߳徲ңңš
ʦܣ֪ʵԭȲôʹ㣿߳һ󣬺Ȼĳ˵һ䡣
Ŷ𣡡еȻ治ɫĻص
Ҫ㣬ΪҵĶ¯ǳ飬Ȼ֪£ʦ֮ȴ޷ֹ£ҲУ޷԰εġҲˣԭȳٳٲԼΪ̫ڣΪƷԵ鱻ǿߣҷͷܿѡһ¯˳ʦǧ򲻸õǣȻ˻ԼΪð׼һڻ飬ܴ裡ҶǷ࣬Ҳַֻʽָһˡ⣬Ҫ֪ͬ׵ʦʵҵĶ֡߳建˵һ
Ȼɫһȴƽ˵ԭʦ֮ܶģҲ£¯Ҳܽ׳ɹ׼һڻ飬Ҳǲ˵˵顣˵һҪ˭ȭͷ顣ҵǺ󰮣ʦΪ԰ŵġ
֮˵ȷʵɿضΪţȻΪĹ޷ᲢԵʡЦ˵֮һ˿ɫһѪ١ۡۡ죬Ȼһ´ڳѪɫ
ÿһʮɳ鲼Ƭͷǣ˫Ŀ壬ޱȡ
Ҳһϸһ󣬲ŷЩ߿ʵһͨѪȴħûɵġ
ɫһҲʲôһǿɫ̽һˡ
ףѪ죬ǹںպİ˲Ѫɣ
·սһаѪҲһȣҲͬѪѪϸһ֮󣬸ʧڡ
˲ѪʲôǸ߳ʦĹ𣿡ȻҲѪ͵Ļһ˼
ʱѪȴ˸߳һߣ
Ѫɫֻͷ­һڣӿи˹Ѫ棬ǵذֱһ
ЩѪδ浽ǰһ֮ŻѪһڣҲв֮һݡ
Ҫ֪ΪùҩԵʣһ㶾ҩѶЧģѪ滹Ƿͬһ
˼ţҵɫ̽һʮؽƼһзһɫӰһֹϳһ
һ̹Ǻӿֶһʮɳͽһ
Ѫһ󣬾ɫбһˡ
ǵոֵİѪɫһͬһ飬ΪѪıѶ
ʱɫҲľһģƾɢˡ
һĻսѪ͵ˣȫĿɿڴˡ
ܣдʵѪڳƬ̺󣬺Ȼ˸߳循ŭ֮ƺԸղһ޷ܵӡ
վڶޱ飬ֻǽ½ٴһԼĽӰǰֶˣ·һ㣬˿˶ˡ
ʵҲһ΢һ󣬾Լôһˡ
ȣղõҶüĵмصһʹҲǸղһǻʵĽֶΣԲϬġ
½ΪƷһܽϽȫȻҲӵġһԶͬʦķǡǡܽ˽ӵµġ
ղһնԼܵڵ̫֮Ϊ֮ӦȻԽãԶġ
ȻҲԭ򣬱˵һɱͬʿĿֲǿ֮ľٵĶڸղһܵġ
֣ȷֵǾӤһ£һޣһת׳ԱǬ˵ʵǻɵı顣
ʦܵȻǽޣؾֹģ˵ӦúġǬȻߣ˫Ŀͬ¶ɫĻص
һİ˲ѪױƵģһߵѪͣͬȻ֮ȴһ˵
ԱߵѪȴޱŸ߿У˫ʮָս
ԱߵĻŮӣȴǱָˡ
ſе˫Ŀ΢жԼһɽ͸·ղһԾԾԵ֮ġ
ͬΪڵĻŮӣеʱȴĿɿڴˡ
ʱѪиٴδһХ
ۡۡѪһѪæȻһζ󣬾Ȼ˲غһ𣬻Ϊһͷ˫ǣצĻ
Ѫڷһγɺ󣬾ͳһ޺
ʱѪѪϿӿȥţתۼǰѪ޴˱ϣжʮɶˣͬʱһɿֲϢɢ
ѪȫѪһʱ򣬸߳Ӱٴĸֶ
֮һ߳ģ󣬾ɫһˡ
ʱĸ߳壬ͷɵѪ֮ɫǱ鲼ѪɫƣͬʱһѪͻͻڼµѣ俴ò
ˣҲüͷһ塣
ȥ
߳Ŀⲻܲˣֻֿ߷ͬʱһȳڡ
ѪɫһţһѪһͬʱ¿һӴһģ󣬾ͻΪһѪַһ˶ϡ
Ŀô˾Ŀкһɫֻ̽ǰһΣЩĽӰĴһһźһɫԲƾո֣תķǣΪ޴
Ѫɫһ嵽ԲϣȻŵâ˷顣
һζ󣬾ͻΪһǰִɫ⣬Ѫһȥ
䡱һ졣
ͽѪԵײһâѪ⽻֯һһʱ侹ֲ¾档
߳ɫһ䣬зȻһ䣬һſڣһžѪ
Ѫӭ绯ΪһƬѪٵһתֻΪöѪɫĵûǰղˡ
һ̣ǰѪųѪ棬ͬʱƬϾԼֳһööѪɫ
ɫⱻѪһ֮£Ϊ֮âһ
ΣüһͬһԶһ㡣
ڷʱйĿӿ
ԶͽºȻһ죬ͻΪһɫıѶɫâм


260 ȭһ
ԭѪľԣ˲䱻âǧٿףһ󣬾ʹ˻ΪһӨѪߴӸ߿׹¡
ͬʱĸ߳ɫһףɵſžѪͬʱѪȫһŵĲӰ򳹵ή
ܺãû뵽㻹֮ͨһαˡ߳ԺԻسŵһʹԺǣ֮£ҲԻ˱һġ߳ŵɫκ󣬲Ŷһֵ˵
ֳ֮·һץ
ಡһ
ǱѾڵϵѪߣһ󣬾ͻΪһѪС
֮߳һתͷҲصȥˡ
ۿˣˡ
˵ʦôʦãܴ߶еİ˲Ѫԭ붼Ǽ֮Ҳ֪ǺƶѪм֮ѪĿºڳ̾һ˵
ѪʧˣӦǱŵùһƷԱڵŰ˲Ѫ˴ЧǬҲӳԾлعбƳѪһ۵˵
ٺ٣ֺαѪĳͼıѪѪԣһ˿ʧȴһЦ֮
Ѫּס仰ˡǬÿɷ񣬵Ļص
˵ģʦܰɡղʩչĽֶΣڳУܽһҲû˰ɡûʮġŵĳü꣬ȻſУҲһ૵
Ǭ⻰ֻѡ
ȻҲλʩչֶΣľˡ
һߣŮСﴫ˵ʦ㣬ղλʦʩչǽ򽣺һɡȻֻǳһ֣ȷڵĽֶβ١ҸղƺҲԼܵһİ΢⣡ô£ѵλʦһ޲ɣ
ΪλʹýֶΣҵ֪ôһ£ڸղһΪλнϢˡûϵһҾͻŪԭˡޱĻص֮һ棬ȻΪ׺ĳһ󣬾»Ϊεĳ洦
սԣ׼ڿշĻɫ΢΢һˡ
û뵽ûʦܾȻ޳˽ֶΡΪϲͬΪޣʦܹͽ̽һλĿҲս
ǬѪ͵˼ˣĿɿڴˡ
ڼǰĽֶκ󣬶ȤоֵġֻǴŮϢᶼû£ϵļս˾Щˡ
Ȼܱսĳ̶ֳҲǴŮϿʵһҫ֮¡
Ͼξۻ˶ٵдΣҲֻֻǱܹһս󣬾ʹδսˡ
ҲǴŮһνսչֳѹʵҲϨκͷ
ԺľۻУͼ׳Թߣû˭ûȤĸȥսŮģʵĵһˡ
ʱȴ˿ʲôҫ֮£˶Ůһҡҡͷ˵ֻȷɽ֮ĻĳƿˮĽֶΣǵѶ֣Ҳٱˡ
Ŷѿֶλڽ֮ˡܺã˽֮⣬ʲôֶξܶʩչɣ˵üһҲһ¸˳ƺı˵
֮Ůһץǿѩ׳ӽһȵС
δŮʲôֻⷨǽǰһᣬһɱ֮ͳӰ£ȻƾһƬƬľӨѩΧŴŮƮ
λȫڳһλش𣬶ϳֵӡ
Ŀô˾ͫ΢΢һɿһת󣬲ɫصĳһȻŵѶ˵ˣĳͽӸһ˵ɡ
֮Ҳٿʲô½һĽӰǰֶһģнӰһ壬䡱һһͽһ
֮Լ˿˿ļУƺǰٴֵġ
ĺãҾѼʶһ£ʲôĽ֮ĿþͽϮľƣϲĽ߳һ֮ѩ׳ֻǰһܾӨѩϿӿȥâĿ
ۡһ
ѩ׳һ׳ڽһ£ͻΪһѩƥļӭͷײ˶ľͽϡ
ֽʱ֯һ𣬵Ŀɿڴ鷢ˡ
ƾ˵ɫ⣬ֻǱɫƥ΢΢һʣһѵĴѶ
ʱٵһָǰһ㡣
ѩƥһ޴ѩ׽һ֣һ󣬾ͳһȥ
ٶ֮죬·ʯֻһģͳǰһɴ̹Ǻһն¡
Դ˾ȴ㲻ܣ˫ĿâһȻȵֱһһֻӲӾӭѩ׳һƺ˿ȭͷֱһжӡ
ˣüһȻҲûвٿԶɽͣ£÷ɽ˳ɫȭͷϺݺһ¡
䡱һ죡
ɫȭͷѩ׳ԶĵطȭͷȻкɫˮһͬʱȭͷһһһ޷ݵľӿΪһģεıѶ
ѩ׳һ̱·޷ݵȻɣһʮɴſͣ
˿̵ĳ͵͵ƺܵһˡ
ɫҲһףƬ̼ͻָ糣ˣһۣǰһС
ѩ׳һļأȵ²ŮС
ѹȻϣһλл̵ͨʦã߰ɡŮе˵һ仰кĻŮһ󣬾ȻҲԹԵ뿪˹㳡
·ǽзĻŮԣæǬ˸һڿյĸȥ
תۼ䣬ڶŮԶȥӰ
ˣЩĿɿڴˡ
Ҫ˵ǰһܸ߳壬ѾˣǸղһȭȻɽ֮һĻǺȻˡ
ʱеȴˮŽղŻĽɫȭͷջأֻȺŹȭͷǰһɫкȻһСƬԼ͸˿˿Ѫۡ
ղŷɽȻһɣӷɽϷųϬҲͬ˵ȭͷһЩƤ
ķɽ֮Ҳľˡ
ȭͷջкָ΢΢һɺвһűɫˮԲ¶
öһԪˮ飡
ԭǰ֮ԸӲȭͷ·ɽ˶һۻ⣬ȭͷеˮ顣
ˮıӻܽӵ˼£Ӳջķɽ
λʦ֣СܽЩˣҲʹȻȥˡɫ仯Ƭ̺󣬲һȭ·Ц˵
֮»һҲʹ˵תȥˡ


261 ̫
λѣȻˣҲûгֵȤˡҵҲɢ˰ɣԺлдɡǬΣ˵
УڿʦζֵƺĳҲȷûжٶ־ˡüԣЦһ˵
֮һ֣ȳƵڿնߡ
ʣµѪ͵˼ˣҲ˼ķ׷׸뿪ˡ
תۼ䣬㳡ԵֻʣǬˡ
֣㻹ʲô𣿡Ǭˣһ䡣
ûʲô֪һɷҪһЩǡеõһСľӦʺġһЦ󣬾ʹһɢ˿˿ĿľֱӵݸǬ
ľҵȷôģǧʯӦԵֳֵˡǬɫһδӹľһʯƤ˹ȥ
ãĸԸ͵ģȻסƤȴҡֲѣҪʯһ׶ء
ҪʯҿɲҽľǬˣȴһ
ȻԷеļ֮⣬ЦһҲֻܽƤ
Ǭһɣֽ̧ӹ˺ľƬ̣Ŀ͸©ϲı
ˣܲٿһݣĿô˾ɫЩ֪ôģ૵˵һûͷûβĻ
˵ʲôǬ\ľֱ۶һñ̹
ǺǣҪǲԸ⣬͵û˵ɡһæЦ˵
Ƶѣ㲻Ҫ˵µԡԸ˵ȥҪȥĶҪܽȫһɶõ顣ǬϵɫĿʮɭ˵
ĳȻǵô£ֻǰ㾪ˣġ̾ϢһĻص
ߣôģøҼˡݵڶεʱҲڵˡǬ˵֮һֱӳڿԶȥˡ
ԭԶȥǬӰ˷·𳹵׳մֹһ㡣

ʯǰӰһΣ
ʹһ£ӳǰֻһһӿʯһƶ
һ
ͽ뵽ʯУͬʱŻһضϡ
Ĵϣϥ£̧һǰһš
ֻƱ˿ںȻ˼Ѫ۶ѡ
ǿ󣬼ʹһЩָ׷ƾӦһСˡ
һָȫҲ
һ󣬵ַһͽǿɫ̽һǰĴһͬʱвﱳǿѩ׳
Ȼ֪ŮýǺֵȽ׵ģ̫Ʒʮа˾Ǻ½ಮٵƷ
ԷԷʩչķɽ֮ȷˣȴܸоûн˽ӳ
Ҳ˵λŵӵķԶԶġ
ɴһǶ˵ķɽ֮ȴԵøӿ¼ˡ
ĬĬţŮн׳ȻΪһѩƥ׻½ŽһĻ
ԣֱӴ߶ΪɱýֶҪĶˡ
Ҫǲ̫ˣԴ϶ҲƵĸ߽
ǰΪ޷ණڽʦ֮ȥд϶ջġ
˼ţ½һն𣬻˫Ŀеһ֣һɫ伮ʶиֶһҳҳ򿪡
һʼɿ̫
һʱɫһ˫ۣǾϲı顣
̫ȻֲݽƵеĽ֮֮󣬾ȻնɱΣһеֶͨΡܺãȿǴͨģ૵˵ʮ˷ܵӡ
֮ǰνʵרָһͨˡ
ֻһߣǶϲֱͨӳΪˡ
һٴα˫Ŀ½ԺС
ʱһĹȥٴ˫Ŀʱüͷȴˡ
ȻѣҪסĽƣҪһĺ;Ĳͣϰܽ⣬Ȼͨڷͽϵܽɽܷӵ¡
յ伮жȻΪͬ÷ɽܾͽȻ̶ͬΪݣҲͬšСɡԼԲȼεĻ֣ͬΪ£Ҳ֮ġ
ĹƣѶȣ¾Щνġ߽׷ҲĪġ
ʲĻ˵ͣŲˡ
еһҪСɾʩչͨǲɾ͸޷ġ
ڽʦǰһͨɼͨ齣Ŀֲˡ
ĿλھӵΣֻͣŽ׶ζѡ
ǰԵһͲýȭͷƤ򵥵ˣ˵һԽһжˡ
ȻˣҪ³̶ȣҲȭͷȥˣԥĴ߶ˮȫܣԶԶһͶġ
Ȼô˵Ҳһſʵɿķš
Ȼ̶ָھͽ˷ų̶ȣգ½ֹеļ򵥳̶ȣǿġ
뵽һᣬͽж̽ȡȻϰڵ
ɺһŲͬƾһδεĽ֮һ׶𣬵̽ҪڿֻƬֱ̣Ӳ׹£ҪôڿпӽϷųϬ޷ۼΡ
ʯһչؾǰ֮á
ԾһЩʱȻʯ⴫һ
ͱ˸֪飬Ȼ֪Ǻ˳ֵľæ̽һնƿʯš
ߵֻ޳ȫɧ
޳ڣһۣһսĴӸڿն
ǽϣһӶӵļʿ۷ӿϳͷɿ콫һ߾߾޴𣬷׷׶׼˼Զ
üͷһ壬ºһ𣬾ͽߴһжȥתۼ͵ɸ߿У޳ǸԶȫһˡ
ֻʱľ޳ܣʮɫȫʼɢĹâͬʱЩ˵첻ͣͣȫһ޶·ڻӦ֮С
ͬʱԾ޳ΪģʮΪ֧㣬һ޴֮ɫԼγ֮С
Զߴ¡¡죬һƾոֶתۼֱ󣬻ΪһƬޱߺơ


262 Ϯ
ںƳֵʱ·һҲˮ˹Ŀӿ˲仯Ϊ˰ããĺͬʱһͷͷι״ĺޣ׷ںϻ֣СĲС·Сɽһ㡣
ʱква˰ĺˣ׷£ֱ̤ˮУĳֻޣƺò֮
ʦܣٻҹȥˡ
ĳʱߺȻǬ
һ
ֻλʦ·ǽϳ֡šմ󺺵ʦҲվ
¿󣬾ǽ׳ǽһȥˡ
ΪѾԮԵʣǼڲ㵥ľˣСڳ⣬ȫųȥͺ˺úôһ׳ҷʿʦáʦܣǶ˴ֵسڣȫҳȥʦǰҲڳԷԷǿͻȻ͵ϮҶСĵ㣬ЩʿʮɱɲſƺǶʲôġһ÷ԸĿ˵ƺЩоѾԺʮ˽ˡ
ʦȻûвͬ׷˸ķۡ
ϣ¡ѪӵȼţҲͬΣһӶӵӻƶУ˷սȫһɱڵģ
ҲһһʮɳĹۺ󣬶ȴŵĴ
ʦܣʹħĹؼ֣սǿ֣̾ͷسڣǧóǿмǣǱڵɱ֮⣬һȷΪһ
ԣЩȻĿһڴԵ˵ͷ
һγսԭûкͺðյ˼ϾΪҲͬͨڿսʤʦͺȡʤϣˡʦ¾͸ÿԱˡ
ʱ߰ӹһԸ󣬺;ڹ۰ǰȥˡ
תۼ䣬ǰͺͶ溣ˮԶˡ
һдĽһȻڿһ󣬾ȻΪ˰ɳ⽣ͨ׹һȥ
ۡһ
޽һն󣬴Ѷ
Զĺˮȴھ춯صľУȻм䴦ֿһﳤľ޴ƾڵ¶
ĺͺޣ˲ͻΪѪĭ
ͬʱһƬˮȴ˵źˮţһɫˮƯͬһ۶ȥػΪһֻɫָ֣һֵĳһ
䡱һ
ھڵУһξһѹ£Բڵķɳȥͳͳһķ飬һƬ
ļʦˣɫʮѿ
ŴȴʮӢʩ֮£һͷɵľͻȺƾոֶ˫ֻǳȻһȣĻ
͡һ졣
еһ汬ѶΪƬƬƵĽĺ޺£֮ߣ׷׻Ϊ˽̼
һѪӵڶſһѪ󣬻ûʮ߰ɳľѪǹһļ
ֻмϴ𣬶溣ʮѪһ󣬷Ѫ·ϵĺ庣ޣȫһıѶ
ж˸ɫ֣ĳ߷׷׷
˫δӴв˵ˡ
˫ĳٶȣԶսսҲֻһ˲顣
Ƭ̼䣬ںͺ˾಻Զˣǰĵܿ溣ˮһݡ
֡
һŵʦͻȻһ
ڽŵӣ׷ȡһķӶȥ
Щֻǿ£ͻΪһƻķںͺĵС
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ǰϻƹһؽǽȻεض𣬲ǶӲΪһʮɸɺĳǽתۼʯüӲޱȡ
溣ˮһںǽϣСִϷһ󣬴뺣ˮɵΪ֮һֻܴӳǽӿԭϯľƲһ١
ˮĺޣֱ֮ӵͺײ˳ǽϡ
ǿֻأԴ΢ѣƬ̣СײͷѪ׷ܴᡣ
ߵӼˣϲ֮׷׻߶ͷŷǽһɺ޺䲻ѡ

в֪˭ŭĹֽһ
֮һ׵ĺʦԦһͷʮɳİӺ溣ˮиֶֻ̧һͷ­ްֻһģͳǽݺһ
һ죡
ǰǽŴĿ׹⣬һ죬ǽƾֳ˸ˮ״Сľ޶
ˮЩһӿ롣
ͬһʱ䣬ǽǰֳͬ޹ꡢȼǿޣҲ׷ױʹĽǽƻ䡣
塵ٴλΪ˵
һʱ䣬ȫΪ˹档
ʱڵѷ׷·ߣַĹ˹
ߣȻһɢҲֳŸ־޴ݵĺߣ˫˲ͷ·ˮսһ𣬲һӴ˲䣬ʮӰӿ׹¡
һʱ䣬սĲޱȡ
Ϊڸ߲㣬ȻܺͨӰ㣬һѷĳǰԭȹۣƺǬվһ
ǲԶʦɫȻĿǰս
ʦܣʦܣȥ֧Ԯһ£Ǳ³Һ塣Ƭ̺ŵķԸ
մ󺺺ԣûеս߷ȥ
ʦãʦܣȥɱǼͷƤľ޹꣬ǱߵıڵӸκβǡ
ǡ
Ǭȥڵľ֧Ԯһ£

һСŸֻʣ°߳ڵȼˡ
ʱսҲɢ˿ԷγһСһսš
Щսʮ˹ӣЩսţȴʮֹһʦ
Ȼģ˫ҺǿһǿĲ£øȫΪ֮һˡ
ʱڸȻһŴƵľһ½һ£·ʲôޱȶ
˫ĿһУȻȥ
ֻˮһֶһֻɫ̽һѾͽһѪӵץסֱ󱬶ΪһѪ
衱һţ
ˮһֻֻľ޴߰ɸߣͨ鲼ɫƬҵһںľ޽
ͬĴֹȻˮнӶʮͷ֮ӡ
Щﵥֽһ븽սУңûκεжత£Ҫô޽һնأҪôһץסֱ󱬶
ڵӷڴ˹ϣȴƬӲ£޷̫˺
ȥԸ³ֵЩһӿɲǵĶ֡ſĻɫһתԸ


263 ս
ǣšЩͽҰɡȻҲЩţĹڵкֱײΣӦһ
νĺȻָһЩȫǺĺޡ
޺Ļһ㡣ʹǿޣûȫǣӵаɽʵҲᱻΪ޵ġ
෴ǣСޱȣҲɱΪһԱġ
£޸ȺͬҪһʵ󣬲ܳ׿ǵģӵǺȻýȥѧϰһЩʺϵĹ
ʶһ˵廹ǱһҪǿġ
ǰЩţ׺ȻҲȫǵĺ壬о޽趯ͣǲʱе۶ԽսԽͣ˿ƣ֮⡣
Ʒɶ֮£һ½ͱг
ಡಡ
·ϵĺͽںб˳һնء
֮μζһͷ޽һڵӱƵĽڽں˵ţ׺Ͽա
һͺ
⺣ֵ˲䣬ȻĸӦڣо޽ͶϷݺһӶ
ˡһ
һҷһն
Ծ޽ĿֲǰԵ쳣һͷ·һŰɨ
üһ˵Ķ̽һᣬ޽һȥ
䡱һ졣
޽½һӴһɱȱȾ޽Ҫǿӿ
ţ׺ֻ˫һȣо޽Ȼַɳͬʱ˫ľӴŵš˳
ʱж̽һ߳âӽһͬʱȻһģͳţ׺ı󴦡
ͨһ
ţ׺ĲһѪ߸ֶͷ­µµĹ£Ӵ֮ԵһɹѪӲ緢
⿴Ƥ񣬷˵ĺȻ׵һն
֮Ƭе֣תۼ䣬߰ͷţ׺ֶͬη׷նɱ
һһͷʱȻƿһ죬ƺʲô
ɫһ˫ζ̱ģ
ۡһ
һ׶˿˿Ĵ󱳶һٴδŴ󣬾һȰƣĺС
ʱȴѾΪɢ
ղ׶ģֻԭصһӰѡ
ͬʱʮԶһطֶĴӼۡ
Ӽˣһݣ˵˫䶶桰͡һ죬һɳö׶ڷ߶£ǰһöȻΪâļ
Щâֻһģ͵ǰͬʱһɹȾ
üһɫֻ̽ǵһתݺҽ֯Уһǰֶ
âһ󣬾ͷ׷û뵽С
ഫ
ö׶ȻͬʱдıѶȴӿƬİɫ棬˲仯Ϊƾͽû˽ȥ
ԶӼˣ˵ĴЦ
ö׶ƲʵϲöƷѣȴһ档
һ뵽һҺ÷һײ֮£Ȼù׶̱ѶӶ䲻ɱˡ
ôֶΣλɱͬ׶֣ͬ£ȻǴΪЧ
ɱﵰɡٺ٣˵ĻҴΪʧˡֶΣͽʱͲ֪ùٴˡ
ںΪ־֮ʱɫȴ
ʲô㾹Ȼûԣһ
ʱɫһǱϢɫ˲ɨһգ¶һɢɫâӰ
ֳֻֽȴֳһӵ㾧ɫĻĸ
ԣӺΪƥ䣬ʶҲʮֲȻɫӲȫ
Ȼ֮ԸҪԭ򣬻סˮ飬ҸղȻƳ˴ˮѳĻ֮ڡ
治ðյġ
溣Ȼ֪һУδȻ𾪣ɫ粻Ƭ̺󣬾ɫһ֣һꡣ
ڡһ
һʹڿӿ仯ΪһˣͬʱдҾͲҵĲ֮棬ᱻһƣ
䣬ֱһһԼΪһɫ޾ֱ˶ȥ
˻;оʹһţ
ֻһȣȻһֱ޿ɱܵϢо
Щ˼
Ŀһ״¶һ˿Ȥı飬һ̣ɫֻ̽һĽӰǰֶһģнӰһ壬䡱һһͽһ
֮Լ˿˿ļ
ͷɫֻһӴͱɫһ顣
溣ӸֻǰһѾǰȡֶΣȴˡ
á
󾪵ķһк󣬾ͱУںֻƬ̣͡䡱һѶ
ֻҽһͱ˷飬һƬѪ굱ӿ¡
λҺĺʦȻʩչ֮һ㱻׵նɱˣ˳̶ЩԤ֮⡣
֮ȻϬֲΪߵͣ󲿷˶̸ɫġ
ૼ󣬵һץͽѪнһǶڶ౴ǵĺɫһץס
ڴ֮ǰǬ˵ʦõ֮״ġ
֮ϰεװȡ󣬲ŻѶٵһַԺõĶ࣬ʶʦôװʢġ
սеһ˲䣬һΣ֮ĸоȻͷӿ
·һ̣Ҫͷһ㡣
һĿ⼱æһɨԶЩսеĺ⣬Ļκε˵Ӱ
ֻĿº󣬾ɫһΣһӰһշ˶
ۡһ
һų糤ݵľ޿ڣȻһ֣ԭվһҧȴֻҧ
һͺȣɫ̽һһɫ˲ڿ
һ졣
һֻɫ޴ڴǰֶ׵Ľɫһ
Ŀһ˲䵹ɳ
䡱һ
һֻɫ޴ſ羢ĴӸ߿һҶ£ȴҲ˸ա
ףһСˣѹָղǸᱻĸɵˡһӸдԼһ˿֮ɫ
˭αعģȴž޿Ϸգʵͬʱɫ̽ǰһᣬ˲䱻һɫֱ쵽󴦡


264 
޿ڸȴȷһһɵľӨƾ
˺޲峺͸ڹһԲӨһ쳣ȵظо
ھӨϷһŤһֳִۣĺֶ
ֻ޴ޱȣӲӣ
Ӣһͷ̷ͷϸӡһöŵâĹģ΢΢·ǻһ㣬ϸɢĺǿϢ
Һڣ
һӦԷϢ󣬵ɫһжϡ
裬ѼȻһޣǾʸǰˡ국˵˫ǰһ
һ촫һȦȦ˷ɾ
λ边·ӡ
Щˣȴ˵¿ǲСϣҲܺͿһ󣡡
䣬ɫ̽Ȼһģһʮɫ˲ںһ壬Ϊһ޴󽣹ϯ
˫Ŀ׹һֱ֣һһֻɫ޴ֱǰһҶȥ
䡱һ
ɫȻϬɫ޴ޱȵһ£Ҳ̼ɢ
ͬʱȻһתһֻȻһһֻ޴ಡһһɿͶ
ֻһһֻ޴ͺХˣͳ̶ȣҲɫ΢΢һ䡣
ڿϮǰ˲䣬һƮƮһ𣬾׾ٵıܹ˶Էһ
ˣüͷ΢壬ֳǰһץ
ֻܿľ޴ģˡٴڿն𣬳һͷĿҶȥ
ʱտ𣬵Ӱ
Ȼˣȴ·ҶƾӰأȴʼհȻ
ˣһȻһµӨ㵱βһ˦ϼƾղ
ͬһʱ䣬һֱһȻڶֻ޴ҲΪӰҶȥ
תۼ䣬߾شӰȻҲһ±᧿Σζձܿһֻһֲ㱻һֻҵ
дݵģֻʧĹ쾧衣
˺֮쳣ǰͲɥڵġ
ɿתֳͷһ㣬Ӵ֮ľʱһųͬʱеɫ̽һĲӰȡ֮һöɫС죬ֻӭһչͻΪߴ
ʱһ޴źХӭͷ¡
ȴ΢΢һЦĲ㲻ˣɫǰһΣɫĸֶһɫˮĻƾո֣˲仯ΪĽ·
䡱һ
޴һҶ£ˮĻһҶɢȴˮĻӲĵ档
ԶˣһХַɿһߡ
ۡһ
һֻ޴ҲһģĳɫˮĻϷݺݵһ£ǰһֻ޴ϡ
ֻ޴˲϶Ϊһһ󣬾ͽǲɫˮĻһɢ
һ̣߶ֻ裬ȴͫһ
ˮĻºȻտҲжֵİӰڡ
ʱ뺣겻ԶУȻ⸡ֶмһۺһɫӰ측
ȻһתףĶסɫӰȴһ˿֮ɫ
ۡһ
һֻ޿ɫӰ֣һϺ󣬾ͽһҧء
ֻľӨ㡣
δȺϷһ˿ЦݣɫӰʬȴһĻΪ˵⣬ʹɢС
ʱӨڸһֳ
ˮӰľˮ죬еġˣһʧڡ
ʱϷһźƾո֣ٵһתʱΪĺɫУͬʱһ죬һһֻɫȭͷʹһ£ݺ·޵ĳͷ­ϡ
䡱һ춯صľ죡
һŽɫ˲·Ѷ
һͷ­ʹһķѪǴбĽȱʬ嵱һĴӿ׹¡
ȻǴĲˡ
źвģӰһΣƽ
㾹ҰޣҪСֳĿô˾ȴȣŭ˫ü
ֻܻľ裬ģһ̶ϻһ˿׻޵Ǳǰ˴򱬶䱩׵ġ
ַɿһԶ޴ʱһĵأһģ󣬾ȵС
赱ֻ޴мһϣٿдʡ
һһƾմӴƶ
ͬʱȻһǣһ°֮ߣֻ޴һģ󣬾ٴλΪƬƬɫӰ
ֱ۲ͣһڷ趯ֱȥ
绡ӴӰӿ˷ƶȥƺòˣ
Թ
һ˾ϲֳּɵ
Ҫ˵㹦УֹƻԺͽ֮Ტۻ¾׵֮ˡ
ȻҲû뵽ǰ־Ȼ˴ͨ޴ֲ֮£ܸǿֲ֮Ӳӵġ
ɱﵻֻ˱ܶһ;ˡ
뵽ûκԥһ󣬵ɫԲһɶһ˽ɫС
һַɿ㾧⸡ֶʹ˻ΪɫĻĻסȫͬʱһöӨ׶ɿ۶ɢյľ˺
һУ޶ãյһÿһ쳣أתۼԶˡ
ۿֻҪ˫ǰһ𣬴ӴӰеɫ绡Ϳɽڹ֮ˡ
ʱȴĿоâһȻǰɳ޴׶һġ
ƿ졣
ɫ׶Ϊâһţһ̾͵˾޴󻯵ĺǰ
һͺȣֻ޴ȻмһһУͽ޴׶ʵʵ˸飬Ľˡ
ڰããУȴ͡һһӨϸ뾹е
ˣһݣһΣҪܿʱȴȻоһóٻ
ͬʱաһһ㱡ƾ˲Ҫԭ
ĴԲı׶Ӹ֮һѺɢĺ֮ʵԶһġ
Ĵˣ״θеΣգλҺڣʵǿҲԶǳʦɱȵġ
ֻһȣ˫ʱ绡Ӳһɢ˲䣬ȴǼıâ޿ɱܵġ
ֻȻһһžѿûӭıӰ롣
ϸȻϬޱȣ赲ҲɵĶһ١
ˣȻһƫͷ­
ಡһ
ɫϸһ׹Ѫδһ
ȻˣҲú겻ɳһ亹̧ǰһֲͫһ


265 
֪ʱ䲻ԶطһֻӲȭͷ仺
δĻһúΪ֮ľȻһӿ
붼ֱһͽֻ޴ǰ
䡱һ
ɫȭͷʵʵĻط
ֻ˫һ飬˫һͬʱŵŵĵ˳ȥһʱ޷ֹסΡ
һɫ֣ȻһŴڣһѪɫСܣֻǵһתͻΪһѪɫĻĽ令档
Ѫ֬ܣҸ֮¡Цʱһκǿͣ
ʱֻɫȭͷȴȻָһţһźɫԲмһź󣬾ͻΪһźػѪĻϡ
˵һĻˣ
һѪɫĻͱԲһ飬һģԲػ˺֮ϡ
һҽУؿڵƾնһڴѪȻ˿ЧûУһһ־лΪѪıѶ
λҺڵĺʦȻ㱻ɱˡ
ô˼ζѪ֣ͬʱǰһС
ಡಡӰͺɫԲһöӶ漤أһȫС
֮һɨƲɫ޴ϣһ׳Ŵ
ɰϼһ޴Ҳһն
ӷɾŴպõʱ򣬺ȻߴһŭĴȣС㾹ȻֶϷ򲻽ʬΣ
¡¡ķ·һ㣡
ʹΪӴҲһΣӿֱ׹¡
ͬһʱ䣬ȴһХһģӰȰĴԶֻǼ󣬾ͳսС
һ·赲ǰĺһײɣƤ򵱳۱
˿̣ѣѹȻһ̧ףͿ䲻Զĵطһɫ۵Ŀߣɫ࣬˫Ŀ𣚣ݺݵĶ
һ붼ĵһתͲֶҡԡһ죬һžӨ˿һֶȥͬʱһֻһɫֶ̽һնʮȥ
ȴɵ˫һ㼤ȥˡ
ߣȰ˵
һͺȣһһ־һץǾӨ˿ʮɫȫ޶õӡ
ۡһ
Ͽӿһ棬˿ɫһǰʱȫĻΪ˻ҽ
ͬʱѶݳʮԶȴֻһһɾ޴Ӻ󱬷䲻󵹷ɳȥ
󾪣˵ɿȻڷһٴͣԭ
һĻúߵɵᡰסһ֮һ֣ץָ΢΢һ

ʱһں󷽴ſϿպһֻ鲼ëľ޴ִһĶֱȡǡ
ɫ䣬ԭ̽Ȼһģ߿չצһץȥ
䡱һ졣
צƼ䵱һ̝һ쫷籾˷ϯȥս֮˲£׷׵ĶᣬһЩ΢ЩģǷʧĴӸ߿׹¡
ЩȻǿסڿҲ絶ͬʱһԼϢĸо
Ȼ֮ˡ
赲֮ˣλʦ壬ܺ൱Ķ֣϶ҲǺǱߵĻǿˡ
ղžһǿ߶ˣɵһ²ѣɿתȡŷһģȻһתͶĻڿƴȥˡ
ֺͿйצֲµĿߣĿһƳͽٶ˸һ
֮ɫһͻȻһֱһһָڷһȥ
ס֡
кеʦ屩ŭһֻצҲȷĴӺһץ£Ѿˡ
ָֻǰһһСغָ׾ಡһֻһ󣬾ͲӰ
ͬһʱ䣬ƴߵȻоһźһȣ˾һɾײһ˶ͬʱ̲סһſڣžѪȥ
ʱ˲ʹޱȣ·ü׶ݺһһ㡣
߼ǰĺ󣬾ȻȻµٴһϴŭʱȴȻһɫƥһΧһơ
Ҷü
һͬβͰĵ˫æ󣬵ɫԲมֶͬʱһת󣬾ͻΪһŽӰ
ȻˣɫƥһնϺ󣬵̶ļ
Ƭ̼䣬͡顱һɫӰڰɫƥ£ڱѶâһһɫȴûһֻǼģ󣬾ҪԶȥ
ʱһֺһ̝ûߵľϡ
еƺߴֻ΢һٶ˿ӣƬ̼䣬ͻص˺֮С
ʱ򣬲ŴǱߴԹ֮ҶӣѴĳˡиղŻɱֶӵСӣϷҪƤǽйͷ֮ޡ
֮ԶȥȻʹ˵һȥͷˡ
սڼսںͺߣʶķ׷ͣ
ڴ˿̣квӰһһͷǷ޵Ļߴλʦ塣
һ˲䣬ûȴȳǵİɫƥһֵ˵лҶӳʦֶοڽˡ
ҵȼ֦ͬϹ־ȻԼҽսųֶԸһСȻԹ۵ġ
䣬ɫƥâһԭֳһɫװòŮӣȴڵҶü
ʱŮĿȴһ˿Ȼ֮ɫˡ
Ҫ֪ǰ߶ϼһΪͬ״ڵҲҴֱӵֵġ
ڽʵʵһ󣬾ȻֻһЩѪͿ޴ˣȻôŮЩˡ
ô˵һûӳ֣ºϹġʦֶҲллҶǰ֮ʦȴҡҡͷ˵һ֡
лҶǰ֣ǿź󱳻ľʹ˹Ҷü˵
ûʲôҵû뵽ż겻ʦֶ˽֮һѾ׳ʦҶüԣ΢΢һЦĻص
ңûǰָ֮ڽ֮ŵġȻ˵
ôʦֶĽ֮ǴҶѧģԱߵʦԣʱЩˡ
ʱȴȻһĺŽǰĺ庣޳ˮȥ
ϺƵϺˮҲź¡ɿȥתۼ䣬ٴλΪһߵĲӰ


266 ʥ֮
ѾˣһιЩͷβȻˣҵȼҲسһ°ɡһΣ˻ǿ״Լ֡ҵȲòġҶüˣüһ˵
ţµȷǱѰǼҪúһʦԣɫȻ˵
ǿߴһ󣬵Ҳ˳˵
׷׷ųսʰһսսͬʬҵ󣬾һͬϵݳйˡ
Ȼ֮ս̫Ҳ˵֮࣬һЩ֮˶ЩɫȻ
һصкʦ岢δ׷ʲôסߵһ伸󣬾ʹҴ뿪ڻǿȥˡ
Ȼû˼Ӧˣ֮ͬ˴к󣬾ʹҴһصԼס
һʯϥ£̽ϼ³ȥ¶һƤס
䱳󴦣һöλϵİƬĴȻѾ֮Ƭ·ںһƬĸ߸
þһӦκ󣬲һ졣
ȻҪƤףο϶ˡ
ǿߵһȻֲֲøڶ˾ǿߴ񣬵ŵ
Ϊǰɱĺʦȴһֲڶˣ붼˱巢
ںͺУλ廯ǿʦǿǣƣ޷׶ֵġ
ֻҪԺսжСһӦòлᵥԴ˴ڵġ
ĬĬ˼Ƭ̣Լƽֱһһöȡɫ˺ϡ
ںڴ׹תŨתķɿȥձú͸һ޶ˡ
ЩֻһЩƶѣʹ÷ƾǿҲܿ޴󰭵ġ
鷳ģȴһУܵǿ֮ˡ
ƼʹеҩҲҪʮڶ޷Ȭġ
ţȴѾȡöҩɿ̷ȥһһ
źڹһɶٷĵһת󣬾ͻΪöǶǵĺںǰС
ֻǵһУͽһöһץ£һ󣬽̽ȥ
ס
һһ̣һġ
ۡһ
һϼɾ󣬵ǰֳһѶд붼ǵɫи߽ʯһЩɫıǣСһЩҩƿ޹ƳɵƷһ޶糤ɲ档
۵ģȴһöȭͷ֪ѣ鲼Ϻɫƣɢһ޵ѹϢһͲһ֮ѡ
ˣͬЩ⣬һ̣ͽɫȵС
ָһӴѵ˲䣬Ȼžһ죬Ȼӿɫ˿
ȻۣȻһ顣
ʱһ
ѾȻһֻ֮ѣһֻҪ޲ԺǱֵ̫֮ͣǾͿ֪ˡ
ɫĵ绡ƺǵһ˵
˫ɫѣݵЩ粻ˡ

ͬһʱ䣬ȥĴϿգһֻɫһֻ쳣޴ɳϣһܴɫµźӣЦЦĳԱ߿˵ֹȻޱȣξȻһ˾͸ҴУͬȫˣһ˻嶦Ľޡ´￪˵ֵġ
ѣĪڷңԭɫޱȣһ⻰Ȼŭˡ
ٺ٣ˡ˵ˣһֶӵɥʧ̬ðȥԸһʦɡûǴĻֶӣûʮҲʮ߰˸֮ࡣбƳһۺ˵
ߣ֪ʲôֶһľһ䣬ЩֶпܳĴڡĿ΢΢һȴĻص
ˣֲҪңصֶҵ˵ҲǶעһôҲڵðճֵĵزɡҪ֪һγ֣п⵽Ǳ߷һҵǰõĴƣ˭ܵġԣɫһˡ
ѣвң⻰˫ĿһУͫ׾Ǳ֮⡣
в̸ϣҺܺԭҪ֪Ϊƴƣҵȼ׼ʱ䣬¾ʲô쳣ӰɰܲҲһ֮ˣȻ֣ܲ峤˵֮Ӧùһɡӽ֮ɫһնƽ˵
˻ɫʱһƬͬʱ˫Ŀӣ˫һճȭͷһŭҪֵӡ
ӶԴȴ޶ãֻǵ߲
ãӮˡ˴֮ԶԼС˵ҪѵͨˡڱĿˡ
ַģֻҪ˵鲻漰ҵȼƣȻᱣܵġԣȻһЦˡ
߿ͬЦݣȴʮֵƣκ󣬲Ż˵ֶӵϣӦһʥ޲ǰµһöѡ
ʲôʥ֮ѣԵģĪǷ˲ɣԭЦһ⻰ɫ䣬֮ĳߴ
㼤ʲôȻǱʥ֮ѣ첻㣬ϸûпģԺ󶥶ֻá֮Խ裬ҲֻǴϲı׵ܷ֮׵ƿٸһ㡣û뵽Ȼᱻһʦɱˣʥ֮ҲһͬɻŲòðճ֣Ҫ¶صġĽ͵
ԭֻһͷѣ̫ϧˡԺҪƾնһͷϵĿֲսˡ˵ˣʹһöʥҲϡ֣úõĻڶкôġģĳ˵㻰һ㱣ܵġӣ϶׷ŹСӣҪʥһصġʱҪҪһ֮֮ɫ󻺣ָЦݵʵ
ԸһʦΪһҪ֮𣿡˫üһɫ̫ÿ˵
⵹ĳʧˡϣԺɹɡԹһЦת˵
һΣֻǡߡһûٶ˵ʲô

޳ʯУɫŽһӨ͸УһϺ󣬲ʮصŷ档
ͨǰһ飬ȻûбϳǺ֮ѣϢ˥ޱȣӦġ
ʶ÷ѷӡԺҵᣬǰһǷֵ仨λ


267 Ԯ
һֻ涫ͨͨˣҲһЩʯҩһЩǰĹ׶̫ϡ
ʦղҲˡ
˵ЩиƷʯжʮ֮ˣһ´Ϊ
Ҳѹ֣ϾʦأûȫϣҲһͽҿɱȵġ
ʱ䣬˫ĿһգĴ߶ҩʼ
ͬһʱ䣬ڴսһնɱʦһ˻ʦӺ廯ǿһӵ飬Ҳ޳д￪
ڵŵ˵λ½ġʦ塱Ȼ󣬴԰
ŵӣ뽫ŽɣСŴ¡
պ󣬵רŸսĹѫھ޳ǸȻǧѫĳɼڵһһڡ
⵹˵ûնɱͬ׺ʦǴѾǰս¶ʵĺȻġ
ңеԶͬ״ڣɳ֮ܿרŶϡ
ϴδսзһ¶󣬾ͱ֮ͨҺסƾɽ֮ϬޱȣҲ޷ƿԷ϶Ϊһǿѫ
ȻŮǣҺںҲ´󹦣ֱնɱֵȣȻࡣ
ʱйҲ֮ͨдδܵϢҲ֪˭д˳
һʱ䣬֮ͽӺʦ˲֪˲ˡ
˽ﲢƴ˫ӣֱӳһӵЦͬ׵ǿʵ
һȻ̫һֱĬĬıչˡ
ڴڼ䣬һɳǰǡ
δأǰյŵĴѶסԺĴս
ԵɣһΪսǿСѫѾ㹻ˣð¶棬ֻҪרΪһξս׼ɡ
յϢȻЩ⣬ȻûзԵ˼
ǽʱڣһȬ󣬵ʼĬĬļϰ
Ͼôֻдʵ죬Ҳпھսǰյġ
õĹѫ㣬ͺ֮˶õģʶܻȡ֮Ҳڹͬŵģ廨ţҲеҩȸֶ
ҲûпֱЩѫ㻻ȡ˼ܹʦĵҩ£ʣʱֽһļǣԼѾҺڲ̫Զӡ
ڴڼ䣬żҲ֪ڻǿ߻Ǻͺǿڸĳִսһ
һȻΪϵԴռ·磬ڼǿ߶ѹ䱦£ǿû汻׻
ʶǿ߲׼ʹսԼȻάȥ
ǿ뿪ǰԶԴս̫Ӧòú󻹻ٳڻڴڷսġ
һգʯȻ⴫Ļһ߳ӡ
ֻкͳǽϣĸڵӣһȫ˷쳣ĳƵƵָ㲻ѡ
˫Ŀһк󣬵ڿնֱڰɸ߿вͬһȥ
ֻԶУȻһֻֻɫľۣÿһֻаɳȫվʿ
ȺСһķɳݣͬȺߣֱ޳ڼ
Ҿϵɫ½ѵڵıǡ˵ѵ֮ƵҺǿߣÿһн׻ڵľǱ
ЩȫŮӵģӦˡ˵ֻŮԵӣҸͨĹ֪Ƕٴ½յȢľ˫ް¡
ʲô㿴ҺɫϵĺڼӦƴ½һ֮ƵԪħŵӣ˵³һӵĿֲӣʮ겻ѾҺˣԽնɱĿֲ˵ƴ½Ǳ֮ˡ˵Ԫħŵһ̫ϳϣҲƴ½ʵĵһˣѾ˻ڼ޵ļٵˣɾҲֻһ֮ңѡ
һ˵ǴӦóˡ

ԶһЩڵ˷֮Ľ̸ţȻԮ֮ǿЩԤϣԴ˺սʤκλɡ
ʱ޳л崫һŮδܵԪħѵŵ´ڸмˡ
ףȻµѣŵ˰ѾԴˣôᡭһӶĳֻϴ˲֮⡣
ԪħŵĺؼѰɡƶǰʱȷ˰㣬ЩѾ޴ˡ˵֮˾Ȼڵʦ̫
ܺáµѸĻҵȽ˾͸ˡԪħŵĺؼԣЦĻص
֮ԶȺں¡¡Сɿӽˡ
¶˼֮ɫˡ
޳ȻŵӺȻһ±ӵ࣬ͬʱԪħڸ߲ǺҹֶԸľˣҺܿϸ
ڶһ磬ھɳһʹߣԼպս
ЩԤϵǣ˾Ȼս˿ûУȻһھʹӦ
޳ĴĴУһ廯ǿ߾ۼһ壬ոմӺӪʹ߽˵ĻظͷӦ
˵˶ǵսһ˿ɶûУһЩϲɫӣʦ̫˫Ŀ˵
ЩӸʲô֪ԮȻӦʹ죬вթɡԱ߾ڵһ룬мֳɵģ
ţ˷ӦȷЩ֣ô˵ҵȼȻѾԼս룬Ȼ˿ȴġΪһκͺ˴սȥ򣬻ҪһġһۣͷߣҲ˵
ڳ֮ˣڻǿߺʹ⣬⻹һ毺õ¸˺һڼ׵󺺣ͭ˫Ŀ
˳Լǣһκͺ֮սǴİΣϧԪʦʮǰͿʼأ޷ԮһͬҵȾͲհˡʦ֮ʵԺɨСġڼ׵󺺣ȴٺһ˵
СŹǿߣԶ̳ԪħƺšһԪħйһ󻯾ǿֵĿֲսű½ڹΪƴһ˵ġϧСý׻ʱ϶̣δĿԪħѵɣһϧ֮顣صѿ֪ʦαۣʦ̫ԱߵҶüȻüһʵ
ʦڱչǰûж˵ʲôȻǱأԪǸܵͻ׼ٴνͻơԪʦʢ꣬ӦǺ߰ɡڼ״󺺶ҶüѯʵǲҵԼ͸©һְȻ֮ɫ
ǿԣȴɫһ


268 ͵Ϯ
ѵԪħѾͻƼٵƿ龧ᵤˡһΣȴѪӵǿѪ飬Ȼʵ
ĳ治֪ˣǰ֮ԣҲֻµһЩ²ѡλѲ浱ġؼ˸Ƿ˵
ȴûмźڼ״֮ˡ
ˡԪϣ浤Ϊе浤ʿҲԶˮⲻ˽ʣҵսֱֲӰġҵҪսлѹͬпܵġʦ̫ڻָ侲ص˵
Ȼ֮¡˵ʵһ½Ԯ·ǴҪһ·Ҫֻ࣬ҵڡһߣǻһڵʮڴСɳԮǻڴھ֮ࡣԴߣֻҪܼʤˡֻҪһԮһɺ˼ٷֻԮǻߵĺҲͲս԰ˡԴսΪΪĺáһȻһЦ˵
ʯӴԲӣҵԺ׺壬ɽһȫһսһսô죿ô˵սҵȻҪȫԸĴ֮ĵġҶü⻰ȴüһ˵
ȻҶģҲûġڵӴ󶼲óҲµ̫صġȥ²ڽԣĻص
⻰һڣ˵ȼ˶üͷһ塣
ģԵɱĻͽԪħˡµӣϲɱ¾֮ˡžͨʱֻҪϱڵӼˡؼֵһ˵ںӡ
ԣȻ˳ƵһڴӦ
ѵȻԪħǰ㾫ͨɱ¾ڸϻЩţŵʱҲԸЩһĽѵѵڵĹ˳磬Ҳ΢΢һЦ˵
صѣµศɣǰδҵϹǾ͵ɾҪҵ»һˡʱֻҪǣ˵Ĳˡ˴飬ǽɡҪǶԷǿֵ߳ĻλԳġʦ̫Ŀº˵˵
ʦ壬⻰˿⣬ȻԴй
⣡ӦԺĻǿߣ岻ݴǵġؼԣһڵĴӦ
͹˳ҲûȻ˾Ҳ⡣
Ͼ˵Ҫµӵ󻰣Ҳͱ˻ᱻڵڻ֮ˡ
ϧһҪܶǿߵĻһսȡʤգͶࡣʦȻ̾һĲڵ
֣ɲҵȼڲԸȫߡҵȼҲǸжͷģһſ黰·ж͵ϮġϾһΣҵ½ҲŶɳԮġһΣ˳ЩεĻص
ҵȻףҵȼҴλѵԮǸмġֻҪǴӹ˽٣ҵȼڱضǴԮִʦ̫Ȼ˵ȻȻδЦݣ˭Ҳó˻ȷġ
ʦˣȻҲͬص˵Ƶĸм
ȴ˵跢ʲôԣͿֱӴڳ¶Ԫħڵˡ
˼ˣһЦȻ˳˵ЩĻ
ʱ䣬Щǿ߲ſʼʽպĶԵдơ
ԭѾ׼һƻڼ˷ӦȻһܵļƻˣսһҪһʧ

պһĳصĽ£ϢĴӾ޳Ǻ뿪ˣȻһ޴Ȧӣڿ溣巽Сķȥ
ȺУˣ⻹ΪһһŮϢ쳣ǿ֮ˣδǷźѪӵʦҶҺڵĿֲΪ
еһѪۣʮ꣬Ӣͷ׷һڿ֮ͨĵһ˵Ϣ
ԱŮӣȴһĻ쳣Ů͹£ǰ쳣΢ϼһȻĶĸо
Ůȴһ쳣ĽɫԲ̣ɢһ͵İ͸Ļһȫ¡
ʱԶ߿ʱȴǰ͸Ļ޶ãֻǿյһƬվ󣬸޷ټڡ
ʱԼǰƾճһĶСľ޺
ںˮĴƯһڵľ޴ǳأֻ͹쳣澡ǰԲνһصĸо
ڳǳظԼɼһͷͷ޴޻ģӰƬ޺и֪Ϣ˶ͷޡ
ںϿգһЩž޴ĺʿڸѲ߲ѣѲ鷶Χ鲼޺ʮ֮
Ҫ˲Զһ䱦ڻ£»ܱЩ˷֡
ʱһѾͣ
ŮӴԶ޵ۣͺԱ߰׷˼Ȼָ·һ㡣
һ˵ڹĻ£һڡ
Ů˵ʲôϢİ׷ӣͺȻһһŻƹһɶصһ˲䣬ͻΪһͷ߳ɫɽס
Ѫӵεİ׷ӣֻǿ˵˼䣬޾֫һɿԭشһɿ¿ӿɳ
һʱ˾ʮɴһ󶴿С
ˣЩӦ޷ǶˣҲԿ˵ˡŮӽнɫԲ߶һһĿ˵
ģ쳣ö
īʦ㣬ܹеʲô˰ɣͲסһ⻰̼Ҵҵʵ
λʦ֮ܳǰѵûеõʲôʾϢ𣿡Ů΢΢һЦĻص
ûСֻǱʦֽй˵¹شսʤҪҪȥȻһֻҪīʦѪʦֵָʾˡԥĻص
ҲˣҲ˵
ֻɫĵͷȴмơ
ΪͬǱǲģ佫ǾħֱӴˡ
һ㲻֪ݣҲ֪оΣղСġ
һεıܴʩȷĲʵ֪ǴݵĻҺѪ˺͸ڵĻǰ⣬Ҳ֪Ĳ̫ࡣֻһҪڸڽڻڵǿսпɵġīʦԣĻص
һ⻰˲ˡ
Ȼ˭Ҳû뵽ȻǸνĽλս
Ȼд飬ʦͽһɫмֽʵ
ܼ򵥣һеĿģǴݻٺӪҲǸղſǣһԵİ׷꣬Ŀˡ


269 Ʒ
ѪʦĪ˵ЦƾǼʹݻٺĸǣǼȫǻǿߣҲɡһ⻰ʧڡ
ʦ̫ܲλƶ˼ƻǰδڶ֡ǵȴսʼ󶼱ߺ󣬲ֵǳֵġֻһ·ѣʱ⻹·һֻ֡𹥣ǲѪ嵭Ȼ˵
ԭˣҪĻʱһԵġ⻰ɫɵĵͷ
Ȼüͷ壬Ȼʶļѡ
Ȼ֪ЩǰΪλָλ½׵ʦҺѪʵ϶ǴڸλãӦúеԵɰɣܷڸ֪һˡŮﲨתһ䡣
ԣ¶˳֮ɫ
īѣԱߵİ׷⻰ȴȵ
ҸЦѡǼλǰɴѡԭҲһʱ֪죬ҲһˡŮֻ֦չЦ
⵹ŪЩ֮ɫ
īʦ㣬ҵ²Ǵݻٺ帡򵥰ɡСԿ䣬ΪĳЩԭӪУܹӳþѷɫһǿߵġһʦܺʦֶˣӦҲвáֻΪݻٺӪǵòʧġٴοˡ
ĳҲͬɻ󡣶ҾҵǴݻǣӦҲһĿɡǽкɱ⣬ֻнƷٵҲЩɵĿˡ
ʦλȻڲɶõǿսȻὫĿһЩغϡڸǱҲν飬ֻҪк㹻֣ƾٽһҲ׾ٵ顣ǵĴĿ꣬ʵǻٵĴһ޴󣬲ҪΪ۵һ׷ɫ
ʲôȻҪȥͼıʮֲˡ
ͬ¶ϸı顣
ȴգգ۾Щ˼ӡ
ʲô֣ҺѪֻ治ֻ֪֪Щ½ؾۼˮĹؼڣЩܹ֮ˮǣʵ붼̴˷򣬺ԼȻܹۼݺˮҲǰǰɡΪ۵ǼһƷڲ֮ǰⲨҲֻӦֻһһʧû޲ҲǶʱ顣ŮЦ˵
ȻǼƷ
⻰֮ɫˡ
Ҫ֪лֻƷѣƷûһ
ԭˣǰҲҶʦ˷飬˵Ļȷ˽ʵһ˵
˵ĻӦöԴ˷Ʒ쳣רǿ߼ػɡƷۺͬһ𣬵һתֵĵʵ
ʦ˵û֪ÿնһ廯ǿصģʹÿκڴսҲ⡣˲ǲˣ·˽ߵġǵ񣬾ٶȽƣȻǼƷѪϸĻص
ĳˡɫҲ΢΢һ
һתȴмֺʵ
īʦ㣬Ѫʦ֣ǿ֪·úַߴеĻǿߣһ˵⺣ǿ߼Ȼش뿪ġᵽʱʲôɡ
Ҷ˿Ĳ֪ˡȻǰƶ˴˼ƻʮɵİղǡŮԣЦݻһն״ȻĻص
ٺ٣Сˡգգ۾ƺʲôĻص
ˣЩĿһۣǲ֪Է׻Ǽ׵ġһͷˮ֪·˻úַߴеĺǿߡ
һеվͿȫˣҲöˡ
ǽʱ䣬˾¶еϢΪմս׼
ڶһ磬̫һӵƽʱͺ޳Ƿ򣬼ͬʱ˶
һǸַսڿնΪеǰȥ
ǰΣж߰˾޴ޱȵȻÿһİϡ
۵ǧɾ޴
һɽ壬ɫƮ費ѡ
һɫľǣǽվһӶӵοܣȫףָ꣬нǧ֮ӡ
һֻͨѪĹȫǹѪ治ʱһЩʵӰԼд޺
֮⣬Ԫħ֧ԮҲƵĽ֮
ĺ壬ڿкһ֮󣬾ͬԦˮĳ߶
ͬĺޣޱߺ񣬺Ͳˮˣͬʮͷξ޴˵ޣÿһֻɴС
ɫƶɵĸǧĶСҲЩ֮
ڸϣվºʿһϢأȻǺľ
ϵĺƬֱͬǵ࣬졢ɫǷֱۡۡ۵ƴ򸽽岿䡣
һεĴսͺ徹Ȼδǰǰ㣬̻ƵֱӴսɾ󣬶ĶֱԼˣԭͣ
Ϸ嶭̫壬֪λѿԴ˵һĳϣһ۵ߣȻڿն𣬲Ҽζ󣬾͹䣬ƽĳʵ
⻰һһɧƬ̺ɫľͬһӰһƮ˵ԭǶѣƶ᲻ſɴ˵һ
һɫɮۣ쳣ʦ̫
ԭڵµѣƿѾȬˡߴʦ̫ۣһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
ߣ⻹ҪǺͣҿƶѾˡʦ̫⻰Ŀʱ֡
ٺ٣¿ԹϷϡЩһ顣Ϸע⣬ǺʵαʩչЩ˵ļֱӴƴ½ˡԣȴٺһĻص
Ȼ֮仹кλ˵ʦ̫һ⻰˫ü
Ϸ֮ԻڰֻǴһѡǿϷһҵĻϷµȫȻ뿪սһʼǴڿ¾Ҫڴˡ̫˫Ŀзͬʱͳ˵
ǺôĿΪսһǴڣ岿𣿡ʦ̫ԣΪЦһĻص


270 սһ
ţûĻĳΪа˾ųɰհɡ²˵ǴһᡣǼֻҪ뿪ȻԱڴʹңҲ֮صġߵ˵
ʦ̫һ⻰Ȼ£˫ĿߺһɭȻ˵ΪţܱӻգкĿƴ֮ءϻ˵ˣսţش
⻰ϲ¶ʧı飬κ̾һػصȻϷԤϵ˵ѻظǾÿϧ֮Ȼֻеǹˡ
˵⻰ߣҲٶ˵ʲôϻһ󣬾һƮȻȥ
ʦ̫ԭ俴߻صӪ󣬲һתͬ巽ȥ
Ƭ̺˫ӪԼðͬʱʼ춯
Ӫнһ죬˷ɫĹĻһĸֶΪһƬƬĽ·ȫ¡
溣ˣȴںŽУºˮȻϷһ𣬲׷ƾÿһϣΪһɫˮĻ
ΪߵͲͬÿˮĻҲһ
һЩΪµģһӡ
һЩΪģ֮࣬˶һɫˮסˡ
ʩ֮죬ԶǱߡ
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ͷ޹Ȼʧٶ˿Ʒһ£һֳ־޹һȥˡ


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˲乤˫ڻսһš

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꣬һųԳȻԼָһҧƣɿѪü仭һѪɫ
һĻˡ
üѪɫĵһת󣬾ȻһģҲûһֻѪɫĿЩ⣬ȻͽԳüѪĿһ޶


272 ս
һͺȣٳԳһ㡣
ԳһȻһ߶
ԼӭŽԳһ˶ȥһģ󣬾ϢûԳ֮ڡ
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Ѫ񣡡
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ֻһиֳһֻ׹ƣǰ΢΢һΣͬʱһ֡
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Գŵŵĵʮ󲽺󣬲ҡҡͷվסΡ
˼ˣһݡ


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ħһֻȻˮһƻʵĳ嵽˾޹ǰͬʱֱ۱桰ڡһð
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һ۽ԳҲںУͷ޴мһ˺ʬˮһ׺˲仯Ϊʯͷĳˮס

ԶԺͺʿŮӣһۿκ󣬵ϲæڵĴߴٵ
ԣ˼һٻΪһ׹ı̳ȥ
ۿ׹һŮڼ̳ǰֱһ̽ҪǺɫԲץеʱ
ͻ
ۡһ
ԲһһƬϼɾײؿϡ
ŮһƺߣſһѪ󣬽ʹ˵ĵɳȥƺȻǰֵӡ
Ů⣬һ˾󾪣˼һħһ£ýһѱס
һ졣
һɸ޷ֵľӻнпӿ˫һ£ŵšʮȥ
һŭĴȺһվ
ʱԲзɳһƬϼֻڼ̳Ͽյһת󣬾Ȼһģƾʧˡ
һ̣ݵ۽ԳǰһһֻӨ͸ɫԲƾոֶһģھԳӦʱ򣬺ݺײؿϡ
۾Գһ·𱻾ػ߿յɳȥδȾԳӴ£ɫԲһ󣬺Ȼײ˴Գϡ
Գһ߿ճ
ɫԲڽ£һ˽Գʮ£ȻӲĻɢ漸ʵʵĻ֫ϡ
˽Գ֫УѶǹâһķɿСȻ»ΪɸߵıС


274 ս壩
ʱԲвһ𣬵һ󣬾ͻΪһɫϼ۵Ůӡ
ŮƲʮһ꣬ΡӨ⣬üȻһ˵·ǳһ㣬໹һƣϢ
ȻղöɫԲǴŮ֮һ֣ͬʱˣʵ֮ɲ⡣
ΣҲɫѿ֮ˡ
ʱѾһ˿εĴѳлһ󣬾ɫȻĿ˶Ůӣͬʱкѩ׳ٴһֶ
ʲôˣȻ͵Ϯҵȣʲô£ｿ߳ĺһ䡣
ŮĿ⵭ɨһۺֻǵһУöɫԲһļأȵУȻŵ˵͵ϮЩСǿЦ֮ĻСһˡƴ壬ǷȻһ޷סҲǰҲˡ
䣬ŮһƮʹģĳ˹
Ԧͷ۽ԳȻƴȴȫһƬÿһͷķ飬޷ӭС
ʦܣʲôȫʩչˡһл˶ԷĻ´˵ؾҵȵ֮ˡüһĳ˵䣬һſڣгžѪȥһѩ׳˲ͻΪѪ֮ɫͬʱϢԲ˼ٶȱǶԼѾ޽ӽڵӡ
ɫһ˵Ľȫа׹ϿעȻһ
һģȻһŵûħС
һ̣ħһ޺𣬻һ󣬾ͻΪɸߵĹ档
ħͬʱһץۡۡʮɳĺ׾޽ƾˡ
ڤǾһߣħ̳Ůһȥͬʱֻ޽ֻһΣ͸һڝ˽ӿ
ɫһ˲䣬ȷɳΪ棬һվת󣬴˷Ůӿȥ
ʱҲһͺȣһͬг˲仯ΪһĿѪɫ磬ҲŮһȥ
Сɾ󣬽޲ܻһ֮
һＸû˿ˣھѪӳ£ǵһͨǿ߶ҪΪ֮ݵĵز
ͬʱԭ޷۽Գƴһͷ­󣬺ȻüĵֻѪĿȻĹԲ
һ죡
һѪɫѪĿһһ֮󣬾͹ĵ˲ŮӽǰȺѪɫ绹Ҫ絽һ
Ů˵ĺһ˿֮ɫûУһ󣬵һתͽöɫһѼּ䣬ͬʱһ
һִޱȵɫ⻷ʹϵ֮նΪ֮һ
۹Ǻɫħ棬һɨȫ׷׵ɢ
ħںħֱն󣬸һⷴ󣬾ͽħһֱӻΪһɫ͸Сͱɽ
޴õڱ޷һˡ
ϵ˲ϣ޷Ӧֺˡ
Ѫɫ͹⻷һӴȴڴУֱû⻷дȥȻӲĿУ޷ֺˡ
Ȼƴ߶гѣһɾ˽ϳֻѪȻʢֻԡһ⵱Ѷ
Ѫɫһ󣬾ͻɫ赲ıŮһȥ
ŮӼˣĿ΢΢һ״ֳһ˿ɫˣֻһоͶһӲӵꪣһģ󣬾ͳ澪ӭͷһȥ
һƬһ
䡱һ춯صľ죡
ޱȵѪɫ磬һӴ֮£Ȼĵɳȥ󣬲ŴѶ
âһɢɫ԰׵³ߴ
ȻŮһ־ޱȣ˿̿ŮӵĿҲǺȻ
⣬һû뵽ᣬȻ֮ܽ˵زϧڵķԼģбҵһ˿ܡŮӿȴֳһ˿ɫٴοˡ
ߡ˲еģһһ
㳡İ׷ŮȻһȫУһۺ󣬾а׷˴һ
֮Ҳٺ͸ʲôһһһŤֱû²Ӱ
һһŷһΣ˲仯Ϊһɢ
ɫһʱóһŽɫһ飬ƣ͡ಡһΪһŽɫƿնߡ
ԱߵǰһöҵİɫһѶзɳһɰϼĽŮһһƿնȥˡ
ʱǱߵ۽ԳҲһ˲ıѶѪһһѪһ󣬾߷۵糸ҲŻŶˡ
ΪҪӣҸðִдȻÿһ϶׼ѹıֶΣ˿һ²ΪһɢȻ˿ɶûС
ߵ˸ɴ࣬òŮ΢΢һϾЦһһҲΪһĳ׷Ȼ߷

ͷҲصһǰݳ˶Զ󣬷֮ϣǲһ»Ϊɢ
ͣ˶ݹ⣬þɿһɨ
沢ûǲŮӰ󣬲ɫһɵĴһ
ֵĺŮӣʵ֮ǿʵƽѹ֮󣬾Щǿ϶δѵŮǱȻǿĴڣǴе浤Ϲﲻɣ
ƺЩ̫
ҪǴ˵ȴڣ´ŮֻǶָܽԸϰֱˡ
˵ĴԲ磬׳ƼٵڣҲһ㻯ǿ߿ɱȵġŮ뾳Ķǿߣд˵ȴڵĻαҪǰͳֵĻڶֵܵģʹܶˡ
ħȻ˴ŮУȥ󻹲֪Žġ뻹ֿϧ飡
ɿ˼ţɫ粻ı仯ţһתҡҡͷ
飬ǽЩǿǰɡȻӳ֮ԶǺŮӿʵ˵ض뻹̫ȫģǿЩȷسеΪ
˾󣬵ȡһŵҩº󣬾Ҫһ»Ƶļǰ
ʱȻԶĸ߿дһϵʵǴСӣû뵽ֺϷ˰ɡһΣ˭ܾһС
⻰һ飬̧Ǳ߸߿һɫʱûаѪɫˡ
ֻĸ߿Уһ۵ĿߣЦš
Ȼߡ


275 ǧ׷ɱ
ɫº󣬺ȻͳһŽɫһģٴڽһ෽ƿնˡ
ǰմеõһŽ⣬ٳǰָŴ˷򲻵ʱ
ҲǣҴӦμӴҪ̡
߼ˣȻȻŭƣҲԦݹļ׷
תۼ䣬߾һݳ˰֮⡣
һֺĽԶһʩչӳֺ󣬶֮ʦȽ׵׷֮Ī
ȻһǿߣԶóҲֻһֺͨˮԶںϺϻɣȻвСЧˮûеĻĵϣҲֻһʦСӡ
ʶȻȫ߶Ȼ޷İ־롣
һԽ׷Խŭɵ˼ȫǽԷ׷ϺҪúĥһĶͷˡ
ǰһ·ɶݵҲЧӵ˼£ڷѾڶͬʱзתѡ
ǰѡ߷ʱܿǰ׷ȥķһͷײ˶Է
ʵΪ飡
⣬ȻŽҲֻɳǧԶͻָԭĶ١޷֧ɻڵľ޳ǡ
ʱҲϸ۲Ǹһ·ȥƽ̹֮һɥʧ˶ٺ󣬸ܲɱܣûаصĵطڷӶȥӦвСˣԺ׷ĿֲʵһҲ޷赲ģһŵĻǿڸ
ּʵڲ̫
ڸӵǰźͺսʤ
ʤĻȻһж˵ǰܵĻ˵޳ѾռˡҪ˵ĻŴ˷ȥֻ·顣
෴ǣڵͷһӴܻӦŽþʱ߽ܽĳƬɽСһĻǷϾԲκֻ֣߳ܳһӦԺĺǿ׷ɱˡ
ûмǴǰĵͼƬɽ޴󣬲һֱͨֻҪɽУӦвС֮ܽ׷ġ
зɿ˼һ󣬾͹ϵ˾
Ȼһһͷһһ༤ȥˡ
߼ˣȻϷͬһ䣬Ȼһ·׷š
ʱ뼸ŵҩͬʱסһƷʯƴԪ
ںΣһЦ
ǿȻһ۾ܿһҺߣٷõҩʯԪڴٶֶܹȥ
ϾַɶݷɵԽԪҲԽ
УӴ֮һʱ̺ҪĴˡ
һҺߵΪǸֵһ顣
һɶݳ˶ٶԶȥٶԲ˿󣬺ɫ΢΢һˡ
ƣһҺߵķ˴˿̣ӦѾ߰˰ˣ޷֧ȥǵġ
ʱϽһɢ𣬺ȻǷЧþˡ
߼ˣȻϲҪһᷨһ׷ȥʱȴһתֽһŽɫϣٴλΪһŽƿԶȥˡ
һΣҲ̲סƵƿڴûлǿߵ˿緶ˡ
λ˵ֵȽ׵ϡҲûмŵģҴˮԷκһַɶ֮ġ
ԷһʦȻӶó䱩ŭޱ
ʱ󣬵ٴһеĵöٱʱûп˼ˣֻĬĬ߶ݹĽ׷ȥ
Ӻ߲ʱĿȻѾ˺ģһ·ȥˡ
ȻȻΪƣ֪׷˺鵤ҩȻһֱϵڻĸɾ
ʱŴ麣д˿˿ȴǴϲ֮
ղŷõĵҩȻָͨҩ˵ʹֲͣɵʯҲ޷άٶȵĳ÷С
ʱһĺôֳôˡ
˿еʱ麣ÿʱڻָһЩǰĵķȻ࣬˳ʱȻҲǾ֮ġ
Ȼָ֪ٶȻΪӣҲδҺ徳󣬾ȻЧ
ҲҿֻǷɶݶУҪ˳ʱ伤ڷָ¾͸ϲ֮ˡ
һһ˿
һ󣬵Ѿ׼õһǱʱ׵ԺȻͷ߷֮Ϊƿնš
ȻȻˣϢҲһʼʱ˽֮ˡ
ٹСʱǰƿտĴϣֳ˺ɫɽӰ
˿ϲȻַɿһ⾹ȻΪ֮һʢٶȺȻǰһ¿ֵıƬɽȥ
߼ȺɽʱȴɫȻһ䣬ʲô⡣
ݷɿ仯˼ºȻһҧſһһžѪӭ绯ΪѪ
һʹѪжʱ鲼ѪɫƣͬʱһѪᣬ°Ҳ˲仯Ϊɫβ
߱ѪɫֻǺݺһȣ˾͡ಡһǰǰȥˣɶٶȱǰС֮࣬ʼɿ˺ļľ롣
λǿʩչȻһԪļӳȻٴҪĲСԪһĺ֢
ʶǰδʹôģۼҪɽУһ֮µκι˼ˡ
ֻ߱Ѫɫһ·ȲͣƬ̹Զˡ
ԶѾӰ󣬵ɫһ֣Ȼһִ̽Զһġ
ۡһ
һȻݺһײȥ
βԣʱȴˣֻɿһתڷһӿȥ
һڷ˲۳ɺһĻ
ʱϢײ
䡱һ
ĻֻһͻΪѶ
ֻһȣɤһ˵ǰɳһأſžѪ
߼˴ϲһ̣ȴȻ
ԶȻǰɳȻһŤ󣬾վֱΣҷƽžȻһСء
溣ߣΪղųһĵ飬Լ½˲٣ֻޱȺڵȶѪļ׷ϡ
ʱģ˾һûȺɽ֮ˣΧŸɽͷһһȦ󣬾ʹ˹ĲӰ


276 
ں漱׷ĺߣȻѪöٴϾӳֽڹʶ޷磬һСĵʹ˸Ӱ
߱ϾǻǿߣԴΣ֮һһٵͣĳɽͷϷŭЦ
СӣĪΪϷҲˡղһƣȻûҪСȴϾʹմȾϷһ˿Ϣ档ҵʶǿ󣬽ҳƬ̼飡
䣬ߵڿеһһָȻԼͷϡ
ۡһһɿֲʵʵӴ֮ϳ𣬲ڸ߿һ󣬾˷һֶȥֵ£ȫһʶ֮ɨ
ԭһ̨ģ侫֮ɨ߰˱Ȼû¶˾֮ɫ
ͨԼϢģӦ϶ͣڸûԶ涯ʶ֮ȥѰʱȴ޷ȷλڡ
ɿת󣬺Ȼзһ䣬ѪƺͱѪȻΪѪѶȻΪĶСѪɫ׳档
ЩѪɫ׳ͨ徧Ө͸һͲʵ壬һ󣬾˷ȥ
ǻ򶴴ľֱӷвˣЩֱû븽Сɽ֮С
ȴڿϥ£˫ĿһգĬĬĲԲˡ
һֶ
Щû׳û˿Ҳ޷ִ̫ӵͨӦϵÿһֻɵ۾ڡ
һǰʹЩطʶ֮ڴ£Ҳһˡ

ʮֻ׳һûĳɽͷɽкһɢĵѰ
еֱɽͷϷȥеȴ´׹ȥ
һǾͷȻߣ߰߰ǱؼĵºӴ
ЩѪɫ׳ЩߺͺӵзɿѰһԺ񣬾Ͳκγɵķ׷뿪ɽ
һ峺쳣ĵºӴУмɫСˮлζš
ȻһСǰһȴ·ʲôıһǰˮһȦȦˮƣƬ̺һлָ糣ˡ
Сβһڵǰٴ˼£ȷ޷ֱӴ󣬵ͺСһ䣬ƹʲôĴԱһζ
ʱ˾͸ͨĻͿһۿǰˮУȻһˮһ޶ľӨˮĻУһһߵɫС죬ǰһűŨŨˮĺɫԲ顣
ɫСһˮͣעˮĻС
ǺɫԲɢŨŨˮǳˮĻռ䣬һƬͬëëϸһ㡣
Լϥ˫Ŀգڱ˿ϢûУ·һһ㡣
ϸһͿɷ䱳֪ʱݺύźںԼһ͸Ľǰ˴ȫС

ʹЩ׳һҾСʱ֮ãͻȻһ죬ѪɫȻɢɫʱѿ֮
ͬһʱ䣬鲼Ѫɫ׳浱׷׵Աһֻδʣˡ
Ȼͬʱҵʶ֮ѪСӶʲô챦ûϵеֶαɫº󣬳һ˵
֮һζȥģ󣬾ͳǧɵĸ߿Уһһֻƾʹ̽·찴ȥ
ۡһ죡
һֻҝĶӰոֶҴӿһɫ绡·ĳɽͷһѹȥ
һ춯صľ죡
ɽͷϰ벿ڵУȻӲѹС롣
Ŵָһ֣һɽͷһɨȥֽɽҲмӲɨɢСߡ
ʱֻҝ߲£޼᲻ݣƬ̼Ĺ򣬾ͽͷȫƵ浹ʯһƬ
ڹУþסֻҪ˿쳣֣;۾
һֱջ
ãܺãȻ˶ӰӦòڼˡ
ɫԽѿˣ·Ƭ̺󣬺ȻһȻһɫ죬ȻһȻеľˮЩƣ΢һЩ
һ󣬵ΧŴԵɿһȦһһӸ߿Ͷ£صһ˲䣬׷׻Ϊɸߵɫᦡ
̼䣬һͷԼΣƬΧڡ
֮һģͳĴϷд
¡¡֮죡
Щɫһӿˮ
ǣЩˮڷ֮Լ£ȫ˵Ϳմһε¡
һһͻ۳˰ĶСһƬ
ʱʱɫһ֣ͨһ˾뵽ˡС
һ̣һֻɫ޴βӰˮϺݺĴһ£ʱ˹
кˮβΪģʼתԽԽ죬תۼγһ޴Уڴ̶ļУˮΪ׶״·һȥ
ؿʼƬʯȫתˮ
߾֮Ҫ׳죬صκβ֮
߲ݺˮû֮ʱ򣬺Ȼһᡰסԭתˮһ֮󣬾Ȼ̼;ֹ»Ϊˡ̬
溣ˮһ֣̬ߴһζϻһ˿֮ɫ
һԲαǰ˵춯ѡ
üͷһ󣬵һĴɳһĨ⣬ڿһŤ󣬾ͻûһģ
εأ̸ҹס˵֪֪Ϊʧְ˲òǰ֣ʮֲĸˣʱڱصмȥٺ٣ʱʲôٶ˵ʲô˰ɡ׷һֶſ˵һĻΪŭӣۡһʹµɢ
ʲôǰˡѵСǴǱӹģ˵ôġ鷳ˣЩɫ䣬Լһ˿֣̿Ŀһɨ·ǼĵĿ¶֮ɫ
ϾҲһҪСնɱʥ֮ȥΪ˸Щۡ߷ɿ˼Ƭ̺󣬾һ
֮һʹӻһɫĳκ滹һſЩƾɵĻɫ
߿ɫӣǳɼ֣ҧĽһ˺Ӵ򿪡
һӺгڸ߿еһ󣬾Ȼ̻ûһ쳣Ľˡ
˫Ŀգݺʮֿƣֻֻ࣬ʮ׳ģ


277 Ԫħ
Ϲʲô鷳ôýٴηųˡҼǵϴηҳʱѾǰǰ˰ɡڻ˫ĿĿһɨ·ߺȴһ˿Ц˵
˵ϻζĺܣֻҺΪʮó֮ӦڵĳҪ账ϾŷġҲʲô취һҪСҳһöʥ֮õ֡˿û˵֮ԣֻ׵˵
УС飬Ȼû⡣Ϲأαɸ֮С˺ԥ˵
ˡֻǶԸһҺڵСõ෨ζɸһ뷨ֻҪõϸһЩ֧ŰӵĳԣޱĻص
ٺ٣Ϲ㵹ԽԽˡУһ뷨һ뷨һζúҵĳŵ˼֣Ӧò̫Զˡ˺ٺһ󣬾һڵĴӦ
ô˵ҪûңҲġ뿪߻˭Ҳ֪ʲô鷢ġ߶Žˣüͷһ˵
Ǿ鷢˵ɡҾãҹϵûеǰܣҲѪ֮ţǿˡ˺Ļص
ߣ֪öϹŻƽʿطĻΣҵͽٵȻҲˣߺһ˵
Ϲ⻰˵ĿķˡҪҴڣǰǿʱһغˣܻ졣Ҵĳ˵ںһ棬ٵңԼҲԪԪ˼ҵһɵԼ赲뿪ݹԱҲҪƴܾˡбһۣںĻص
ԼȻǵáֻҪٰҼΣȻỹɵġˣһҪ϶ˣȽɸ˵˵⻰󣬲ٳɵĵһһָǰһȥ
ۡһ
һľӨָ⼤һ󣬾ԴԴϵע뵽ϡ
˵ֱ۳һϢԿֲٶȼǶͬʱ¶һǳԵɫ
෴Ϣȴɿ£ҲЩҰ
ϢͻƵҺڵĳ̶Ⱥ߲ȻһգָķѶ
оǿĸо¸£ϧֻһߣܳΪе浤ʿһ뷨ҲҴ˾ĸоˡֳһɫƣֱһŶ£ȭ˵
浤ʿ㻹˵ƴٵ֮˶δһʲô浤ʿˡˣһоͽˣΪһСˮ죬Ҳһͬ£ԷСӵסһҪСеʥ֮õ֡˵⻰󣬲Ըٴμȥˣβһһ»ָΣŶݹһ𣬻ΪһƿնߣƬ̹󣬾ʧ߾ͷ
һȻʹ˷ĵ뿪ˡ
ߣһҺڵߣ޲ˡϹˡ˵浤ʿǼٵҲˡһϵ˿ŻʧıӰȴֳһ˿˵
Ŀһ򸽽ȻƯĵɫɨȥЦһֳһС
䡱һ
ټġȻһӿУΪˮ˿˷ȥ
ɲǼ乤һŵɫľ޴˿ǵصĽƬȫ¡
Žˣдʣһϣһֺ󣬺ȻһŽ⸡ֶֶҵһתȻбĽÿһ̣ȫ·Ķȥ
ϵۡ죬ƾֳװС
Щâʵ֮ҿƷޱȣ׾پû¼֮һļɿ߲һп֮
ȹһյʱ䣬âĶ֮·ÿһطһ飬Ȼ
˼ˣüһֻǵһнâֱĴӵ¼ٴλ۳һŽɫ򣬲һģ󣬾ͳڸһϿա
һͬһĻٴγˣ
ڱѶâ͵·ٴζȥַΧȻֻĶСġ
ĵȻ˫ĿյºӵˮĻУȻԵϷһк֪֪Լм¶û̫ˡ
ͬһʱ䣬庣ս߽ҲѾβ
ȻδǼ̵ļƷҲƻ۵㳡Ϸ󡣼ʹ˷ֱк޸ȻսϺʵһʱ䣬ڴʱʧ˲֡
ʶָ˷ĺˮӳ֮Ҳ˳ںսд·硣
෴ǣսһսϣЩǿԼӡ
ֻһ¡¡ľ಻ϣһɫľ͹ǲϱѶͬʱһ裬һ˻ƴ˷
һӰȰз۵糸һһ·𶼵ʯһ㣬ʱʱ춯Ļײһ
Ȼ˵Ȼļ쳣Ѿˡ
ȻԪħڵʿϺͺ廯ǿ߳ƽǺһ˵رһǿΪϴѾй¶Լرĵϸ֮ԣʶδΪĲ
еҶüһɫɽ仯Ī⣬һ˾ȻǣסΪ˵̬ǿߣһ֧ܿ

սǧһƬ鲼ʯݵϣں帡һ׻ֵĲŮӣȻվϵһʯϣ¶˼ɫ
ڴŮԶУһСľӨݣһӰ棬üǣλĽš
ʱ˫ĿգһԲѵӡ
ڲŮͷϺʮմȴһɫƮѣϸ쳣ǳ֮ͨ£ȫΧӡ
λѺҿЦȻСΧҡѾĵĲˣٲĻɾݹҪǿˡŮӺȻ˵ˡ
ѺαضŭֻԲ´ֻõһʱ̶ѡʱһȻŵ뿪ģһдƮ޷ȷλڡ
ԪħѣŮ˫ĿȻһеʵ


278 
Ůһʣǰ˵ʱĬκŻ֪µģԪĳź͵Ӧǵһǡ
Īڴ˵صӣȻǺųƴ½һߵԪħŴϡԪħ
кѲµġСȻܹ֪׹еģҲֻͬ׵Ĵˡ֪ƴ½ӵмٵӦҲֻԪһ˰ɡŮĿ΢΢˵
ٺ٣˵ʲôƴ½ʵһЩĺѣƴǵѵ˶ƺɡ˵ƴֻһٵߵĻҲδмСƴˡ֪ģ뵺ϻһͬΪ֮ˡһ򵭲ҲˣԲź֪ġԪħĴ
ʲôƴһٵ壡ԪĪôңŮһĿ¶֮ɫˡ
ǲģӼҲ֪αˡԪħȻʮƽ
ĪȥһսһҵĴսˡŮ⻰˼֡
嶼Ѿ½ǣȻһҰףӲġԪħ˵Ļص
ߣΪֻ˱һٵһμȻƴ˳ǲ׺壬ǵ֧ȻҲ̫СġŮһָֻ侲˵
ҵȻ֪һΰڣһٵƹضԳڴ˵ˡǣƻ۵ҪıȡƴͼıֻˡԪħƽ֮
϶ֻŮɫķһ䡣
岻Ǻ֮ɱĻ˵廹ܶһٵǿ߹𡭡Ԫħÿɷ˵
㾹Ȼ֪ʵ飡Ůɫ
ô˵ԪĳȻƴһߵͷܲ뵺˽⸽ǿڡǺȻԶǲ׺ڶ࣬ȴڲǰɹ׳Ϊ浤ʿ˵ֻǽγɵƷ浤Ҳǻʵ浤ʿһٵ߿ɱȵģһԾΪ׺֮ΪߵλʣµΪ̺ĵһҪȲΪԭȲ׺Ĺˡǲ׺ΪԱƴ£岿䣬Կλʡǰ۵ƫԶ岿ڹУõԳ£ϾȻȴһٵǿ߶δġԪħƮƴÿ˵һ仰òŮɫѿһ֡
ȻԪ֪ʵ飬Ӧúǲ׺屻ĻƴҲҪܴū۵ġһβһֵġٵ߼Ļһͻһְյġǰҿ̳ʣѹóǰռءŮһת󣬾ȻԷȰ˵Ԫħ
ѲΪ׺һ֮ȻȰ˵мٵڶ࣬ҲȱҵһġԪĳȴҪ֮ӻ壬²õԸˡƴƫƧǺʿɲһ᱾ġԪħƬ̺󣬾ͺ޸Ļؾ
ߣҪĻñʵʵĴɾЩˡ㲻ΪһСסˣŮԣŭ
ǲϧԪȫֵĻʱȻ޷סġѿҪˣڴǣ£ΪлȥսɣʵǱ֮սθҪʤĻ϶ѡҶ˴ģսʤΣԪħȴ˵Ļص
ģŮ˫Ŀһжˡ
һҿԽȥŵѳֻزӵСǽµߣҸûн£뿪ΣԪħм
ߣα鷳к㰲ȻĻҿ˱ѾռݵʤΣҶٲָֺˡŮԣת˼Ȧȴ˵Ļص
ã˵ˡµѵĹ㱳ŮӣҲһͬԪħû˿ԥһڴӦ
Уû⡣Ů΢΢һͬϵĵͷ
һ̣ԭΧ˵ؿռ˿˿ƣһ󣬷׷׵Ѷ
ŸߴһŤģһɫۣӾƾֶ
ȧǸ߸ߣ棬˫Ŀ·ܽһжȥһͷںֱͷһ˵ѹָоһֻһĶӲӣ˿˿ƶ
ԪħȻͬ죡ǲ׺ϵ񡣡Ů·˿кӼۺ󣬻˵һ͹ȰҲڸ߿Уټģ󣬾ɵңңš
ǰľӨҲ֪ʲôƶɣȻһĽ˴Ů
ԭѣ¾Ų׺캣̲ܹ֪ܷĿһԪħнһնЦЦ˵
ѾܷģԪǿ֣Ҳȫ𣡡ЦĻص
ãǾѳְɡԪħͷ˵
Ůһ⻰ٿĵһץһɫ绡Ͽӿ˲пӿȥΪһӲӵì
ìͨƣɫģÿһעУһ֣Ƭ̼乤򣬾ͻΪɾ޴
Ůֻޱһ޴ì͡ಡһһĲӰ
Ԫħǰȴһìʹƾռֱͷ­ȥ
Ԫħˣֻޱһһ澧Өƶʱһ֡
䡱һ
ìһڶϣȻ˲ûвӰһ̣ԪħУһìȻж˲仯Ϊ绡ıѶ˷ԲĶڵһС
СŲ֮ѾȻķֲˡҪΪ˴˱ͿԸˣǿɾʹشˡ
һĻЩȻˣһ̣üһ˵
֮Ůһһֻ·ٴһץȥ
¡¡Ȼһ󣬸СʯŮͷȥ˲˿˿һ̼ͻΪһİɸߵʯɽ
ҪԪνŲƿ
ŮЦһһʯɽһȥ
޴ʯɽˡһɫģʹ˺Хһѹȥ


279 캣̲
ԪħһĻɫЩˡ
Ӵʯɽѹ£лĳֽ֮ȻеľӨСޱȣҲȥӲӴ˻ġ
ֻӺȻǰСһնԭݰת𣬶ʱһƬƬҝħģһŵӰӿͬʱһȥ
˵һĻˣ
ȻʯɽһӴɫħ˲䣬һͳٻͬʱԾٶȷ绯ʴ
乤ʯɽ˺ħһĻҝɫͨ鲼Сһϸס
ʱ·ģһӰȻһ٣ԪħվֱֱȻһһȭлħƵʯɽݺݵ
䡱һ
ƾ޴ޱȵʯɽԪħһ֮£˲䱬ѶƬɫӿһ¡
ԪħֻӳһһɿХȥͽлҳɨһˣŮ΢΢һЦ˵ʣһˣӲؿʩչǴе캣̲Ԫĳһ۽ˡ
ȻһƴҲ˵ԪħŵʯħųƴһħһȻ鴫˵ĻҲ캣̲ȫһˡԴ˾Ȼû¶̫ɥɫĿһ˿ɫ˵
һɫ۵ϼţֳһööĵɫƬ̼ͻΪ˰˰ģ
һ㺣岻ͬڴŮɵ˲䣬վ͸ֳ⡣
ܺ¡¡һ죬һɹɵɫˮƾջû˲ͽŮγû˽ȥ
ʱŴӺˮִ񵭵Ļǲ׺Щͨɲһٻָʱ򣬾ͻоۼˮԪκͷͺ½Ϻһɡ캣̲Ȼͷ󣬵ӳģҲֻоѪĺ˲棬Ԫֲ֮ɡ
䣬Ůܲӿ£ѾĶСĺˮȻ仯Ϊܼȥ׷û븽ղӰ
¶İӰ̧һֱۣһץ
ԪħΣ΢΢һ뿪ЩʲôʱȻɫæһħХһܿȥ
ͬһʱ䣬յɫһ֣ٴλΪĴһδ浽Ԫħǰһɹɾȷˡһѹ·Ҫ˲ѹһ⽴㡣
һ̣ľУЩͺˮͱǰɫħ׷һģĵ¡
ЩħƲȴ̺ĪУһľ£Ȼάֵûɢ
ĲŮӼˣȴֳһ˿ָֻ̽һ֣ٻһϡ
䡱һ
ΧԪħĵɫˮͬʱ߿յʹһ̼仯ΪһžˮĽħԪħͬʱ˽ȥ
ˮ濴ƽ溣ˮȴʼת˲γһ޴У˷ӿӾ˵ľƴм伷ѹȥ
ͬΪһɫĻħڴ£ʼϳֲ֧״̬
ԪħˣɫһͻȻһſڣһžѪ˲䱬Ѷ˵ĻΪѪ׷ûĻС
ԭƲ֧ķһѪⷺȶ
ˣȴЦһץָȻһ£ϡ
Զˮо죬ԭƽȻֳ˿˿⡣
ˮľ޴УһƾֶɰǧĴͣͬʱеתԽԽ죬ľԽˡ
һոȹĻɫĻٴҡҡ׹
һΣĴԪħδټħĿѪһֺ󣬺Ȼһͷ
ۡһһзɳһź
˺ֻǵһʹðһŲ԰֮·Ԫħһ޶ֻӭһǣͻΪߴ󣬲һſڣʹһɻҰɫħ棬ƺۣһȻӻɫĻһûӭ浯һִϡ
һĻˣ
ǵޱȵһлҰħϣһ
ŴһȻһƮ󣬾˺ˮϡ
һ
ƵɫĺˮͩͰȼն˲͵ȼˮ򣬽仯Ϊ˻Ұɫľ޴
ڴ˲䣬йһ»ָԭȴСಡһûԪħвˡ
ȴһԭץָȻһء
ʱ䡱һ𣬾޴һıѶԪħ𻨷ɽ£һһЦĳŮ˵ӣѹӻسŵġѾͷҾȴˣ
䣬Ųһ˾˲ûǰղˡ
һ̣Ů󴦲һԪħӰٴθֶֻǵһǾӨݣͻΪһź𣬲Զȥˡ
˾ȵǣ޴ݾȻһģҲƿնȥ
עԶȥĺûгֻԼЩѿ
һŽղץƷתɨһۡ
ֻԭĴȻһСƬڵ˺ۼԼܴŵЩζ
˵ԪħԪħŵʯħһŲ֪ͨɱͬ״ڡǴħˣͨʹټ֣Ҳܹɱ˵ġŮüͷ壬૵˵˳˼֮С
ˣںʲűĸ󻼣ʱŹƴһȽ˴к˵顣ϧŮˣԭǴʥ޵ѼƷκ󣬴Ůɫ仯һ󣬲¶ĵ˵
漴ʹȡһɫ̣ɿĻһ󣬾͵ͷ渡ȥˡ
úǧĻȵĺ֪ʲôԵɵĴ˳˵ĺŽǣۺ廹Ǻ޶ˮȥ򸡳Ƿȥ
ȻڵǰսռϷ磬˺򣬲ĴɢҲóȻȥ׷ֻĿú˾ĽԶȥ
ͬһĻ˻ǿ֮
ǿԭʹռϷ磬ȥĻʦ֮õ飬Ȼȥ׷ʲô
ʤĪȻЩǿһͷˮ֪ɡ
ԪħӰͻȻ˲ԶԪħŵĴԾһ½гԪʦ֡ʱ˲һЩȻˡ

ɽԵһŽٴαѶĽâʱļ£ĶҴһÿһطŹ
һâһĳӴˮһȥʱ򣬶ʱײһ͸壬ΪһŽıѶ
ڿ˫ֱ۵ĲݽâĽˣ˫Ŀһ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ͬʱˮĻɫһҲ˫Ŀ


280 ɽսϣ
СӣԼԳ־˲˵ºӴɭ˵
ʱҲ߲ڵˣȡ֮ȴһҺڵĽˣòʮƵӣȻ֡
ѾԷ֣˽ıסˣ֪ǲܵ飬һ󣬾ͽɫСһΣһֻץͽͬʱǲ͸ˮĻŨŨˮ˲ɢ𣬱źɫҲһȼĻΪ˻ҽ
ǰ֮ߵһصطأһǿˮ;ˮڱΣرǰˮͺӴΪһ壬ټ仹ʹϢͱ֮ȫͣ˶һ𣬲ſһڵѲ顣
ȻҲλǿ߱óǻͨ˷ǿߣˡ
Ƭ̺һɺӵһٹһ󣬾ͻûӰ
ʲôˣҲǺˣһɨδֺмһɣĿĳһ䡣
ʲôˣֻ֪Ҫ֪Ϲרʰ˾Сöʥ֮Ӧô˰ɣǽԶҿԸһʹĻ˺ĳв
¿ǲСʥ֮Ǻ΢΢һȴǸ֪ɫ
£ȻϴԼϵġ
㲻֪ʥ֮ѣˣ治֪֪ʣֻҪɱ㣬ȻͿ֪ˡסɱ֮˽Сסüͷһ壬ɷһֵ˵ŵһУȻ¡͡һ죬Ľâм㱼ȥ
ˣɫһһһͻûһɫֻ֣Ƿһ裬ͻûһӰĻȫ¡
ͬʱһ㵭ɫҲΪںĻиֶ
һ̣ʰȻ
ڵĽâһںĻϣΪŽⱬѶôɢһЩ⣬δκδ˷Σ
΢΢һδ׶Է˹ǺʱЩѿĽɫһۼȥһģ󣬾ʹ˻ûһ
˽˽һ󣬵ɫһֱ֣һһȭݺݵ
ͬʱԶһˣʹ˻Ϊɢ
˹ֶΣȻҲһܸˣֻ˫۷ɿһᵵǰͬʱһҺһ˫ҲΪ˽Ӳɫ
䡱һ
һֻɫȭ׻˺ĻϣһдѶ
ںɫ֣һСȭӰȻֺ󣬱б˺Ѷ
޴ȭӰһģ󣬾ͺݺײĽɫ˫ϡ
һضɽҡľ죡
ɫȭӰͽ˼䱬ѶΪһ𲨵˷ȥ
ͽһǰ£ͬʱŵšȥ
ȶһվΣһۺ󣬼ͬʱʧڡ
õǺ
ʿ
ͽ΢΢һֲͬʱĬ
ɫЩ粻ȴм֮ɫ¶
ҵСˡϹҲԱ֮ˣȻһߡʿΣҺڵΪˣֻҪһǿҲǸӶѡĿкһ˵һ䡣
֮һһɳһģ󣬾ͺȻΪĽ˿һɢڡ͡УԾٶȥ
ɫһһתжʱһСᦣһ壬ϢûԼڡ
һ˲仯Ϊ˰͸ľӨ̬
Щ˿һ׵ĶСףȻǲ֪İ͸Һ塣
ˮ죡ǺĸȻȱһУһֶλ޷κˡȻͽͨһɣĿô˾һɭ쳣˵
ֻ֮ȻһΣ˫һ׵ɫƮͬʱһʮɸߵĽɫӰڱĸֶ
ӰȻģ壬ԼܿĿ¶㣬ΧһƤȹʮֿӡ
˵һһȣɫ˵ֱһ̧һֻ˶һץȥ
ֻͷһһֻӰСӰķиֶָһֵһѹ¡
աˡһ죡
ʱһֱ޿ɱܵĸоͬʱһȻϣ˲޷ֺˡ
˫üһ֪浽Լƴʱ򣬵ȻһҧҲһ֫Ȼһֺ󣬵̵Ҳ˲Ͱ˾ͬʱȻǰһڵɫСᦵһͬʱһֻӲƶʱˮץסһӵĳ߿վһ
䡱һ
ȭͷͿоȿޱȣһ˲䣬ȴһģŤͬʱ̶һŹɫ˲ȭͷ;Ƽ䱬Ѷ
ҝ쫷һһȦȦɫ˷
ֻһɫĵһɢС룬ͬʱӰһģʹ˻ΪѶ
ľɣŬ˫Ŀ濴ȥʱڻҝ赲£κζ
һ̣кһһɫ缤ֻһͺʮɾ룬˽ǰɷ˵Χͷ­һơ
ꡱһ졣
˲Ѷ˶ͷ­ǹµµֱӹ¡
ʱ쫷ȻһֶĴ߳¶һ˿ϲõı顣
ǵȻøոѧ½ֱӼĽ䲻¹ȻնɱǰǿС
ϣЦݾһˡ
ΪǾͷʬ徹Ȼûе£һֱһȻǴصһץһѽոֳԭεɫ̽ץס
ƿһ죬ǿŽͷ­Ȼһһſڣɫ̽һĽɫġ
ЩĿֻǵһת͹˽ϡ
ԭƴ͵Ķ̽âһȻʹ˲
ɫ䣬Ȼ޷Ӧ½Լϵ
ʱͷ­һɶȵͷϿֻһȦͻָް˺۴ڡ
ͷ­ԭϵ˫ĿһһЦ
ȻĿɿڴˣ
û뵽㾹ȻǼ޷ɽ֮һޣǻҺڴڣڸղһ£˵Ҫˡңȴ顣ȻҵıͨҲɱ㣬ǾֻǿʵֱӽѹˡЦȻһ˵


281 ɽս£
ǿʵѹ
ղȫһҲûʹޱȣŴԣдݣͬʱм־ɡ
ȻܿղһѾǶԷڷ޼ˣб䱾ͨ޷ȸղŸǿĹ
Ȼ㱻ܹǿѹסͷɻ󣬵һǰɿһȻۼ󣬾ͻûһӨ͸ı׶ʼ̼ͻΪ˰ɰС
ĿһȻǰͱ׶һģһ׶һŵļȥ
ͬʱһֻȴҲγһö߳ľͷУҲһȻʧ
һ󣬾漤ȥ
ֻǰһһöоͺĵ˽ǰһһж
ͬʱǸ׶ҲǰԶɢ˿˿溮Ϣͬһ
һߣһֱڷķ󣬽Ӳȭͷǰһһɽ𲨴пӿ
䡱һ
ɫкͺ׶ڽɫȻһž͹ͬʱѶ
ɫɫƬɽǾͱ׶ڱѵͬʱһʹһ
ֻһ˲両ֳһ㵭ľӨ˪䶯ʱٻ˶룬ⶼ޷赲˺ֺġ
ͬһʱ䣬һâӷƬг䲻ļһŵľʹӽüһķһںڡ
ͬʱ˵һŤԲ˼Ƕ˽˱󴦣ֻץˮȭͷһΣϢһ
顱һ
˻ֽıһ飬ȭͷʵʵĻ˽˵ĺ󱳴˲ӿһݵĵɫ𲨣ҷעǰС
һͺ
˲Ĵ󣬲һԱ
һɽˣʱ˷һȥ
һϲ󼸸ʮһմ۶գĿŶĴ
ȻǺֶΣֲˡڼȻֹˣǾͰĵȥɡ
䣬ɫһǿϢֶΪ޴аԾٶȷǣתۼͻҺƣȻﵽ˻ڿ̶ֲȡ
ʱ˲һֳֶӰ𣬷·ǰӰ붴ͷ­δһ㣬Ϣ֮ǿѾ˿ǰˡ
Ļжʱֱȥ
Ȼ֪Է˺ǲ֮ܽΪ̶ֳȣ뻯ڵĶѾԶԤ֮⣬Ҳֵܵˡ
ֻǷɿһתȻһͻΪ·漤ȥͬʱҲ˲һöɫĶݵط
ǰ£ٴ£ܹסΨһ
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䣬Ŀڵϲɨ˼ۺȻֳһС
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284 
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һһһźڹͬʱһɶһ󣬾ͷֱΪһɫ̽һźɫԲ顣
½ˮ顣
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ʱ򣬺ȻһҽУüӨһɢ𣬽нɫСͽӰͬʱ׿һֱӷԵ


285 ½
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һѽɫ̽ץסϸϸһ̽϶ʱ¶ŵı顣
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ۻԶһãȻ֪ģô˲ϰ½ĻҲһؽãƷǾ޿ܵģ˵ʲôƷˡ
ϸоһɫ̽ڲӡһ㸴ޱȵ󣬲ŷֳ˺Щ⣬ǰʮвٶ½ԭӡЩǶǣҲ˸Ķ˲١
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ѵԼ֮ˣһʦɣ
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ɫСһնĿַǿźɫԲϡ
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ԭȴͬԭˮ߶ʱ򣬿ûġ
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һѽֱץסһ̽ȥ󣬵ʧڣϢȻˣǼһﾹȻȲˮˣȴֻƷ
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Ҫ֪ϢԭǴƳһ¯ģȻȫķѵˣȻŭ
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еʹϧֻάƬ̣һתԼоЩ
Զ֮׽½ƷʦֶΣ֪ܲϢϡ
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ںͺսԼʮֵļ򵥡ƴѾռݵغΪ磬ڴӴ˲ַҵƴ½ҵ½ڴʱҲɴ⼸ڣĬʱΪ岿ʦ建Ļص
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287 
һʣʦŲһۣһ˵ʦܼȻѾǽҺˣһЩͨӷӡϣʵҲȨĶˡ׺ϣҲ֮һʦھ֪ĻҵԸʦ˵һ
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ʦ֪½֮Ҳѵ֮ˡνƴ½ƴڸԼĽзѣӦóƺƴ޷½½Ტ۵ġ½ƣСŸǲԴ֮ء⣬бͳεĴ½Լħͳεħ½֮⣬ŻһЩСЩĴδ½ֻ½ǧ֮һ֮һС󶼱һЩռţ֮ҲԶʤҵЩˡŻ˵
羹Ȼ˹󣡡Щˡ
΢΢һЦ󣬾ͲŲæļ˵Щ½ȫޱߺ򡣲׺ǰƴڵһƬͳƣ½ƴ½ǽϽһЩġƬĺǧƣƴҪĵ죬Ӧþ߰˸֮࣬ƴʮ֮ࡣЩǱǿռţΪĴ͵ʵ̫ġ׺ƬǿԲ׺ԳƵĺ岿塣岻ռ˲׺޴죬ǿǼٵڵĴڣӦнʮ֮ࡣڴ˺һ߰ޱȣм򽻵ƴ׺ƫƧ֮ʹٴ򽻵ġȻƴ׷˷ԴͷĻٶ½ŶٶЩԨԴģҲò׺һֱмּɵġһΣȻɳٵǿƴ岿飬ŻҵԤ֮ġ
ԭˣ˵׺ǿʵΪһֱŵġЩЩȻˡ
ʦЩŸȤĻȻصڻһЩ׵㣬ͿĶϸˡ˵
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ҪЧģȻ岻ݴǵ顣⻰ԥ˵
ܺáʦֶոսҺãһ֣ʦֶȾȰ˰ɡʦһԣȻ˵һ䡣
ǣǵӿǲܣȷӦʦȻڹһʱΪŶԵġԣתĻص
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ھһսУҺʦоλӤһʦ͹Ȫһ򿴲۵ɷһɽҲͬ˴սС
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ȻкɲϾͷëʬ˷սǲĻӦòúͻʬˡʱʵԽǿ󣬲Խпܽ併סġʦ建˵
⵹Ҳǡ˵ˣʦܼȻͨɽ֮᲻Ժר޽ˣһ˿ֵ˵
ٺ٣˭֪ġȻҺԻѡԼ֮ⲻҿԸģҪ䱾ˡʦ嵭Ļһ䡣
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ƴ˵黹˵Ժƴ嶼ǿУҵȸű뱧һţܺͶԷءӼƻͲ˵ˣ´ŶҪúõһġѡпͻƵٵĻߣԼΪǱߵӣȻϧƴԴרȡڽõ϶һٵʿԼǧܳ浤ھ磬ıǳɹȷƴʵ༸Ա֮˾˼ƻԴ֮Ҳ֪ˣЩԴ϶ҲҪҵȸڹ׳ġǱѡеţЩԴȻġûѡ֮һװ׳ЩԴ֮ˣκһſ¶ġſЦһĻص
ԪħѲŻѡ˴ӴţԴҪӻƴӴ˲òڼһʦĿ󣬻˵
һԣԼЩԺΪ֮ˡֿ浤߶ԼĶѪ²мֿܵġѪ֮飬ƴ½𼣲֪ˣִӺδȥѰңҡҡͷ˵


288 ׷
ʦֶȻ˵ԪħǺε֮ˣȻ˵Ƚ飬Դûκκֵġǰ飬ֻ˵һ֣ЩӦδġʦȻһЦ˵
ʦ˼˵ԪħǰжѪƵĶܹҵڵĹǣԣЩˡ
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ﵽѾþǰɫױȫɨһ飬ֻпͽڵϢ˫ĿľȻ˿ûУ޷ǰǵĽᲢۡ
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ʱ䣬һȻĳϵķǰһֻȴָѣΧתѡ


289 ֮
Ĵڴһ΢΢󣬵ڶöȸƬҲۿɼٶȷɿð
תۼ䣬ֻȫһƬɢŵĺ⣬ƫƫ沢δ˿Ϣ·ЩƬеһ㡣
ЩƬڳʱȻþĴļȫϸ۲һ
ЩĸԴȻڷ̼ƺ󣬼ѪлƾľӨ죬һð֮󣬾ͻûڵĳɫƬ
ӼһնغЩֻɿСؼ·ΪٴɢѪ֮ڣ˿к
κȻϻЩȻȴ΢һ
ЩԴʽڣĵĳֺʧĻ˵һԽܵ顣
ϾԵ޹ʣ˭ҲƾնһЩص
˵ˣЩͷڳԵƬȻϢ֪ʲôԭȫˣ֮ǿȴǰ¶ɣһƷ¸Ʋ˷ֺ
˼ţΪ֤һ뷨ɫһ󣬿ʼֱ̼ˡ
Ŀע£ѾֱۿʼıһɫƬ
ڸܵѪлܵĺɫֻüһ÷ֱ̼ۼͣ
һĻˡ
ֻԭƬ棬ȻֿʼڶƬҶ׼ȷޱȵĽصһֱƬԭȸӵˣʷҲ
һԼĿкϷһ˿ϲɫ
ڸܵѪɫȻԭƬϣʼӵ
һΣֱۿƬ֮Ѫκκɫˡ
˿ѾɫֱۺĿкһһֻһһöƴĵɫжʱֱֶһӡ
ۡһ
һնֱϣȴ˲һ޷κκۼ
ޱ飬һֻһһɫ̽ͱץУͬ屻Ƭֱһ
һ
Ƭһ׺ۣδʹƿֱϵĺƬ
Ŀ˷һ½һע롣
͡һ
⴦糤âһðĳֱһ̶¡
һ
ֱһɫСףδ˿Ѫð
ĿϸһɨҲͿֱϿ׶ֻǴ͸ǰƬδһ㡣
ϲˡ
Ҫ֪н½ǼƷ̺ոյ˶ʮصͽһ֣ҲͶʮصƷ֮ġ
ֱۻֻǵۺܽЩƬиխٶӼĻǾӲӼƷްˡ
ת˼ţһߺֱƬ˲һʵֿʼһֻȭͷһĵӿֶ
Ƭ̹һֻĺƬȭͷƤγɡ
ֻȭͷʺں֮ɫʮ֮ࡣ
һЩָ̫󣬺Ȼֱһģ򸽽ʯڷһץȥֻ첲Ȼһغ󣬺ںɫָͬ嶹ûʯ֮С
һĽָһɫˡ
ɿ϶ԴڵļӲ̶ȣעʱ¾Ǻͽ½ӲӲĻҲ˿𻵵ġ
ȻйЩ۵ı仯ʹ֮ҪϰɵģʱֵƬٶȿǴ󲻹ġ
ƬٴγȥĿеĽɫ̽ˡ
˽ֵĵһƷˡ
֪ʹУƷҲָ
г˿϶λʦлмƷ⣬ӵдƷĿ϶޼Ҳؼʱ󶼲ᶯõġ
֮ˣȻڶ̶һʱڣͽһԭƷ½˼Ʒڴڼ仹ͬʱ˼飬ɼԷͨɲˡ
룬Կ϶ڵʦ壬һġ
һ϶ԷҲǼٵϵĿֲڣǴе浤ڴڣҲǴпܵ顣
һ뵽ԼȻֲļһﶢˣҲֱð
һָɫ̽ʼ˼Լ
ͨ뵱ʱľԼؿռ俴һУȻԿ϶ԷǻûԼģĵڶ
ڶԷγֵģΪλûԼģº͵ؾֵֻħЩϵġ
Ͼڴ֮ǰڶδؿռڳֵġ
ڶԷҲܹ߳ؿռ䣬ԶᣬԶԷռ̶ֵȣµؾʱͲڴˡ
ϸϸоԷܶǰʮа˾ź״̬йϵġ
֮ԻͻȻܵؿռڣҲˣۿΣ£ʧȥԼĿơ
뿪ؿռ䣬»صԼڵʱԼȴȻѾǰҪǿ˽֮ࡣ
ĻֻҪһֱֲ˵ĻԷӦþûлԶģҶԷʹܹʱƺҲ޷ʱռݡ޷ͣԼΪĪִؿռڻصڵˡ
ȻһֻԼĲ²֮ԣ֪̫٣޷̫ȷжϣʵһˡ
˼֡
Ϊ˷ֹԼٴαᣬȻ޷κݣȴԲһЩֶֹٷġ
Ĳ˵ͨǰĶڶ伮֪ЩͿԤ˶ġֻЩֵƣƷ޷Чġ
⻹һЩֻⷨҪЯҲЧȻЩЧͬˡ
֮⣬ֱ֪ͨӡһЩƣҲһ̶Ҳܿƶ鷢вСĺ֢򲻵ѣײô˷ġ
Уװ쵽Ȼǵ֡
ھƵӡƣֻҪЩ׵㣬Ϳ¡
ڵһֵȻֵҲڷгֻ֣Ҫܼ˷УĵȺһӦҲչһġ
ѵֵģרƳķˡ
ַ֪òϡ鷳;ڵһʶʦȥƣȻӵϡ١
żмҲ׷ױۡ
õĻ˵ǻʮʱ䣬ڷ෨ĳ֡
ңƲĶ֮˵ͨһȼҲû̫ãҲҪĲЩЧġ
һȻӵѰˡ
еĽɫ̽ɫ粻˼һС


290 Ԫħ
ԣȻܿ˾
ȼⷨȻѰңǾ͵Ȼȥȫչöطȼü֮ȥѰط
ǴûеĻȥ½ƴҲĻǾȥ׺طȥѰһ
ƶȻϡ٣ܲ׺һҲɡ
ƴ֮⣬Ǻͺ£ΪȫҲҪȽҺںԱֶκ󣬲ŸԳġ
ƶú󣬾ͽȷԣϸнɫ̽󣬾ͽԼڳȥ
ֻöɫĽ֮飬Ĵ麣
һº󣬵ɫСһɾת¶һɾ˺⣬һ飬æ˳ٿ˿еĽ½ֲֳһ˿Ц֮ɫ
˵̫ܱǣҲѾһƷȻԪɽˡ
ڻ·ϣȴƵķ֣ⲻ֪ӶٱܵĽ֮Ȼ׵ڣ밴̫Ľ߶ųʱȴִ˽麣˿޷
ȴܹ˳Ĺͨ˽ߡ
Ծ֮Ҳ˼ڤãҵԭ
ö̫ȻöʧĽں϶ɵģʶȻҲӡǴڣҲΪע̫࣬½֮Զھܲݳ̶ȣС󴸰Ĳ޷Դ߶ġ
ǰܹ֮˳ڣӦúǰöԭһֱ麣йϵ½߱麣ԪֻҪһǣ׵ıڡ
뽫߷ųĻȴǧѵ顣
ҳһۺȻɵۡ
˳߶˽֮飬±ȵ䷨Ϊһ̶ϲſˡ
Ͼִ飬ҪΪö֮鱾̫ԶԵʡ
εȳ̶ȣܴ߶˽ߣǲ˵ˡ
ҲҺڣ̾˳߶Ҳ˻Ҳһá
ȻΣܵ˵ԼһƷ̫ܵԱǣȻһ顣
еһ˿󣬾ͽɫ̽ǰһףĿʼ
ڽ½˼ƷΣԭнƶ¸Ķһ볹׵Ĵʹ⣬ȻҲҪµļԼһ
ڴЩ½ƣȴΪģҪҺڣ²ܽƷȫӳ
׵ҺڵʱҲ˽ĵڶʮؽƶѡ
˽ҲһƷᲢ۵ˡ
ڽļڣȫڼ½ö¡ˮ顱Ľơ
ڴڼ䣬Ҳʶ֮ȻصϢݷһ
оͰǬڵˡ
ǿв֪ٵǿܹԪħȻصϢҲ֪ʲôԭ򣬴ŮڻȴһֱԲС
ڶԴŮϣ˶ȥһۣȴδ׼Ůסڡ
˺ΪȻӢŮȻҲһЩע֮ġ
һգʯݴʱ򣬺Ȼһ졣
һ֮£һͽһĺɫԲ𣬷óһםԲ̡
Բ̱ڰ׹УȻֳһŵɫС֡
˫Ŀһеɨһۺϲֳһ˿ɫ
ȻȥǱߣôһ£
󣬻ǽԲһնƿʯ߳ȥ
Ƭ̺һƵֱȥˡ
ûжãһΰĴǰƣҪ߽ȥʱȻӦתһһȥ
ֻԶУһֻɫľζͣϷ
ӰһΣʹӿľһ¡
ֵܣôҲĪҲǱٻ˵ġһЩȻʵ
ĳȷǷʦ֮ģֿ֪Ϊ˺£Ŀһʵ
һͷܣӵʦѶŴҴҸģҲ̫ǺԵɡףҲΪƵ˵
ȻҵһȥӦҲ֪ԭˡͷ˼˵
ȻһڵĴӦ˵Ŵȥ
ŮӰأһ߹󣬵һòĵӣ̹˵λʦ壬λǰڴȺ򣬵λʦȥɡ
Уǰ·ɡ겻˼Ļص
ǶŮӴ£ȥˡ
Ƭ̺󣬶˳ڴеʱȴŵһ˵һ
ֻ֮˲̫࣬ž˵ӡ
ȴڵҶüʦ̫ǾڵԼڵʦ塣
ЩǿȫϣмλȴһۣӣȧǸ߸ߣ˫Ŀй⣬һ˵֮С
ݼʦ壬λǰ
Ӱݼʦλǰ
ͺ껥һۺȻдгԾæǰ
ɣҲݼһԪħѣʦһˣ¶ЩЦݣмŵһָ˵
ݼԪħǰ
һ⻰һͬٴǰһ
ţ;ܽ׵ҺȻɡ´˶˼ۺ΢΢һЦ˵
Ԫħѣ㿴˿𣿡ʦ̫ͻȻڵĳԪħʵ
Ҳܿ϶Ҫһ²СλʦֶλԣǾԶһͬǿĶࡣǽԼȫͷųϸһһˣǵľ֮ǿϷĻȻǵĺôԪħҶüֺͰĳ˵
ԣȻһĿʶʦǱһۡ
ʦֶ㾡Ϊɡ
ֻλڵĻǿߣ΢΢һЦĵͷ
ǣ׳ˡ԰Ļص
ԱߵȻҲ˵õʲôʾҲæĵͷǡ
һ̣˷ֱʼʩ
ֻһһɹɺôüԼ˿˿󣬵һɾ˵һٵһתԼһڻγɡ
Աߵĺ꣬򵥽һָͷһźȻȻһǺҲųһɾ˾֮˵Χһ󣬾ԼΪһ쫷ȥ
ãȻ֮ǿԶһҺڿɱȵġԪħΣȴֻǲɫһ䡣
ôѵ𣿡Աߵʦ̫ԣȴɫһʵ
ԣҲ֮ɫĿԪħˡ


291 ӹ
Ȼǰļǿ࣬ϲ٣»޷֮ġ˾һƴҺҲѵõĺܣƿҺкôĵҩͷֱ͸ǰɡԪħ̾Ϣ˵һ䣬ŵһתоͶɫСƿ˳ȥ
ͺԣһͷˮԪħµҩʶһѽסͬʱгл
ʦ̫Ԫħ֮ɫȴЩѿˡ
Ҷüȴüһ´ۺ󣬺Ȼ˵ʦֶαʲôչֵľǿӦòǼްɣϴκʦʱ¶ľ֮ǿӦþͲֹġ
⻰һڣ֮˴һ
ʦ̫˸¶Ȼɫ
ԪħֻĸȤҲ¿һ
ʦȴһº΢΢һЦĳԸʦֶȻλǰ뿴㾫ǿ̶ȣҲʲôˣͽһĶļǿ¶ɡ
Ȼʦ嶼˵ˣӸҲ𣡡ɫֻܿЦһĻص
һĶá
Ԫħüһ£ƺЩӡ
ʱѾһСƿ󣬷Ȼһ䣬һɲѷɫǰǿüӿԭΧתľУʱΪ֮һǣǰǴСࡣ
˾޴ľڶ໯ǿȻƲʲôףһҺʦ˵ȴǺȻ֮ͨʦϣȫԱߵĺ쫷Ӳѹƫб
Ŀô˾Ŀɿڴ
һԵ¶Ծ飬˫ĿŹסиġϧ֮
λڻǿ˵ӵӴľȻӦھŲ˷㾪˵츳
ʦΣȴ¶ЦݣȻ¶ľ֮ǿҲΪ⡣
ãʦֶȻܴﵽ˳̶ȡ˵ĻӦÿһˡԪħˣȴһЦ
Ԫħѣ˻棡ʦ̫ԣϲ
ڴϣϷŪٵġҪȹڵӵĻλʦֶԸСϾϷ֮ҲһΣԣҲʦֶͬûԲѵġԪħȴɫĻص
Ȼѣ³ҲֻʦֶΨһʵѡˣΣʦ̫ͷɫصĳʦ˵
ǰ˵Ǳк֮˵ĻӷֺġΣգʦֶԼԸĻĳҲ˶ǿġʦЦһ˵
ȻֻҪʦֶܾĻ۾Իʦֶ⡣ʦ̫ԥ˵
Ȼĳûʲô˵ġͿλѺʦֶԼ̸ˡʦ⻰ɫԻ
Լôһˡ
ʱȴվºҶüһȭ˵ȻѾҵ֮ˣϷ;ʦֶȸˡٺ٣ô˵ʦֶܹѵĻԺкܴ׻ǿߣΪٵ˵Ҳһ˿ܵġƴ˵϶ǲɷҪսǹڻҪæĻܿھˡ
лѡҪƶһġʦ̫˺󣬵ͷĻص
Ԫħ˸һ󣬾ʹƮȻ뿪ˡ
ʱʦ̫ĿصѾջؾϣ΢˼һº󣬾뿪˵Щʲô
ʱԱߵҶüȴȻؿˣʦ㣬Ԫ֣ѣҵʦ̸̸ֶΣ
⻰һڣʦ̫ʦ嶼΢΢һ
ȻҶԿڣԪĳȻûġλѣҵȥƫȥϵ顣Ԫħȴ΢΢һЦĴӦ˵
ʦ̫ʦ廥һۺȻжЩɻ󣬵ڴ£Ҳֻܵͷͬ⡣
˵Ҳ뿪
Ϊһӣû˿Եأֻ¶֮ɫվԭء
֪ΪΣڶҶüպŮʱвСļɵ֮⣬ͶԷʱһԼܱԷٵĹо
ʦֶղʦ˵ĻӦΪ˰ɣʲôɻĵط˵ˡҶüһ˶뿪󣬵Ҳûпֱʵ
ǰҲ˵ʦӺ帡ǻ󣬾һֱ֮У֪εΣʦҪҾǿ֮ˣλǰǸʤ˵ġһԥҲֱʵ
֮УΪ˺ٵǿµһöӹơ˿ȫΪһԣݴ˹֮СܼʱѵĻ¾޷ѹˡҪһǿ֮ˣͨԪħĳطҲУǿлѹΪһҪΪʶޣ޷ܳΪ޵ʶУǷɾͻʶԱԣһ֮ˣֻܴҺڵѰˡ¿ҲֻˡҶüһ̹ȻĻص
ӹƣĪһֹĻһֻҪƳƳ⣬𡣡ЩȻˡ
򵥾ͺˡ˹Ƴа֮һһоͻ̺ͼ߾γһֹ棬ǽǿбƳĻֻô˹ƺͼͬھġΨһܰȻɱ˹ƳķüԼ˾㷨ͨ죬Ҳ޼ƿʩġҶü״¶ر顣
ȻаŹƳ棿ɫˡ
ϵаƣһֲɱεĶӹѾֶº͵һˡΣѾУ޷ѹԪħһת̼Ʒһش󣬾ӵнӹܽͬʱȻ־;ԽǿԽõġһҲпͬʧеġʱκΰ취ˣҶüһ˵
Ȼһ粻κſЦһ˵֪ǰȥĻмֳɹļʣ
ɲ˵ҪöӹԼ̶ȣԼԼԳе״̬㵽ʱıˡҲУ׾ܽ份ѣҲֻʱǳѡҲõģҲʱҲ׼֣һ֮ġҶüɫ˵
֣ǰԣԣȻʵ
һƷתֻ̣һպĸ֡ʱҲʧʱǿԪħ߶һڹƳתͶ̥ɳ֮ࡣÿһεתǿʶһΡҲ˵ܹоŴλһĻܷҲͽ͡Ҷü˵


292 
Ȼ˵ĻȷҪϲٵġйת̵ֻ飬ʦҲ֪ġĿʵ
Ȼ֪µġ˵ĻЩںĵð̫յġȻϴӦµĻȻҲḶ㹻ı꣬ʦֶƽðյġԼġʦֶϸһ룬ȻٻشҡҶüһЦ˵
Լ᣿⻰ȻĶ
Ҫ֪ĵľǶ飬ʵȻһУһЩķӦòҳŵġ
¶˼֮ɫһʱû˵ҶüЦЦĿڵ֪ڽ֮Ѿˣ߽׽֮添ȴ˳۵ġĻҵǿԴһױĸ߽׽Ȼ޷ͱڽȣΪһҲǴп顣
߽׽лǰ񰮣Ժһʱ׼רڹɽ֮Ҫȷһŵġԣжʱ̫㶥׽̳ܵ
ˡӣӦҪĶɡҶü˿ɫûУÿɷĻص
Ҷǰ棬ȷҪһ֪ǷУĿµ˵
Ŷ˵㱾ûУҲԳŵѰҵġҶüԣ״¶Ȥı顣
Ȼǰ˵ˣˡһ¶صı顣

һٷ󣬵ʦ壬ʦ̫Ԫħ˽ӵϢٻصʱȻվҶüǰ
ôҶѾ̸ˡʦһ˾ȿʵ
ʦ̫Ҳ¶˹б顣
ַģһԴСɡʦֶѾӦˣҲ׿ڳŵıꡣҶüƳʦһۺ󣬲ÿɷ˵
ʦֶˣʦԣתһ䡣
лʦġҶǰȷѾŵ˵ҪĶĻص
Уʦŵͷ
ܺãҶʦãˡʦ̫ԣҲ¶ϲɫ
ȻλѺʦ̸ֶˣ²˳٣쿪ʼطɡϾʦֶΣʱԽԽġ⣬ѽһЩҪע飬Ҳʦֶ˵ˡҶӣȥŰǼ˵õľתֻ̽ɡԪħΣҲֱӷԸ
ƴ½һˣ˵Ҳûокβ״׷״Ӧж
պһĶĽɫڴڲúˡ
ܱ߰вǶĽٿ鲻ͬɫʯĴǶ̨
һ̨Ϻһɫ԰ףüޣ˫ĿյòŮӡ

һ̨ȴտҲϷһɫţԼһƴİɫԲš
ԵԪħһ˵վ滹ŵʯӡ
Ů΢ЦĴŴеĽɫ֪ͣЩʲô
վԶЩĵطϺȻʮŷҳҲ֪˭ڶ࿴Ƹӵĵɫƣһ£Щѣ֮С
ʱ֣ʱˣʦֶ뷨ˡԪħаһָ̧̝ſһۺ󣬾˫Ŀһе˵
ǣ
һ⻰һ󣬾ʹӺ滺ȥƬ̺ﲻԶһ̨ϡ
ʦ̫ʦ˼ˣһ˿֮ɫˡ
ʦֶˡʦֶʶƳھʱʵʱǽȻͬҲйһ꣬Щ˵ֻһɲǵʱ䡣ȻˣҲ潫̫ʱģֻаʱ份ʦֶʩһʱڣ˻޷ԼѵĻǾͻ߶תֻ̣ǿнֻ֮УȻһоͿԼˡԪħĿ˵Ʋ󣬵лصѣһ˵ĹУ˲ġ
ͷĴӦһ󣬾ͽϥһţ˫Ŀͬʱһʱ䣬ϷͳϵĸɫƣʱֹâţԼγһĻװС
ٺ٣û뵽ʩչ󷨵һ졣ԪħΣȴһЦһϣȻһ֡
ļһ̝Բ鸡ֶڹâУһɫû뷨С
һ̣ܱ߾ʯһ𣬵ɫĴӵðм䴦ӿȥԽԽࡣ
䡱һ죬һ¾׵ĽɫӰƾм両ֶҽ˷ֱûͷ­֮С

ֻͷ­һһᣬһ˫Ŀ˾ͳһд̵ɽͷϡ
ǹƳ磡
̧˫ֿһۣ´һۣϲһЩ֮ɫˡ
ֻһְɫҸ߿գط̿ɽͷʮŴСһм߰һʯɽʯܸܵһЩ紵оͬʱŵĲľ㡣
ϳЩ⣬δ󶼺ͽǰһ޶
ʱأ̴٣޷壬ȻֻһǷ̥˿δӡ
üͷһ󣬻ֽţԼоԼƺЩɫһ򸽽һСȥ
һͺȣָȭǰһ
顱һǰС˼ΣԼһǳǳȭӡ
УȻ˿ûУ㱣δ޵ǰˮƽ֪ǰ޵ЩǷʹáЩ΢ȭͷǰһۺȻһ
һֱȻִһȦ
ֻҪ漰ġ治ܹţ˵羹ȻֻһƳûģֲӹа֮еģȻʮֵĹ졣ٿ˿ܾһ۵˵ֱһȫָԭģ
֮ߵɽͷԵӸ߸µ·
ɽɽŴԼһС䣬ðȻ˾סС
طȫǺںɽ壬һۿͷӡ
ʦ˵ͽʱΪһƷ˿Ϣֱӽ䲻̫Զĵط˵ƫƧŮѵɽУ˵Ļʡ鷳Ŀ
֮һһģ֮ɽ·Сɽ˹ȥ
ȻûзȻ첽ɣӵʱ䣬ɽ´丽
ûðȻУһζ˸һŴϣȻï֦ܵҶڵ۲еһС
Ȼ̫󣬴淿Ӧֻס໧
ԱֻмĶĸأĵĹ磬ũ֮ˣڵæµʲô


293 Ѿ
ڴ֮УӴľͷɣһЩڻţȴδκһ׳֮ˡ
Σ¶˼ɫȴδ
һС֮ãֱɫʱ򣬲ŴӴһɽУһȺԲ׳һֲ汳ϴ󶼹һЩҰȸ֮С˵˵ЦЦȥ
ΣӴӿһȺֱͯӭԼˣЦһʱȺʢ
ɫһĿסһȹƲʮĿŮ
Ůһʮ߰״ߴߴ˵Щʲôʱʱȥ׳ŵһҸϲõı飬͸Ů̫ӡ
УŮСЩƤ΢Щ⣬òа˾ŷ
һ붼ȷ˴Ůǳеˡ
һ㿴ŴŮ׳һ긾ŮЦ֮ɫ߻˴УĴһϴЩУüͷˡ
ڵģԤеһΣѾ׳絽֮С
Ҫ뻽Ѵ˴ģµ֮顣
Ԫħʦ˵һֶ޷Ѵµֶνϣǰ㼸ֿܵġ
˼ţĿº󣬻ǴӴŮһʱٿúֻѷЧ
һ˴󣬾û븽ɽвӰ
ڶһ磬һƾƤۣɫЩ԰ģ꣬ͻȻ˴·ڴ
еЩ׳һ߼һİˣȻ£˴мǰһ
ʮ߰ģ꣬Գʧȥ˼䣬ǵԼҲ֪ԼΪλ⸽ġ
ֻشȻô֮˸ţ˴ΨһмԼһ
ʮУ׵״һ߸ĺɫͷ­ܹشȷڲСʧܡ
һЩ߲ЩɵˣһҲֻһݣʱڴеľ
ͷܹش⣬֫嶼ʮֽӦܹԼԼд̫ĸ
ʹסҺ׳һųȥһͬԡ
£ô˾ķ֣꾹ȻһѴԺ֣ĳ棬һƵԹ׼ޱȣնض飬ջ֮ǴҲ޷༰ӡ
Լ㹻õȫ޳ָ˴ˡ
£ȻûлָӣҲΪ
ٹʱͳ׽˴ꡣ

ѾǴԭ۵ĶŮ˵ĸϵҲǴеĵһŮ丸ҹʱ䣬ɽɱһͷٽľ޴ҰƸ񣬲ŽĸȢصļС
۷ҲΨһŮ۰мӡ
ŴŮͽҲԽˣϵʱҪɫ֡
һżҴǰ𣬾ڶ˼ǰ˵ףسеĳһ˼ҡ
۷᲻ðŮޣȫһһˡ
ٹۿѾѾʮ꣬ٲ޾ҪϹŮ۷ȻͲٵ鰮Ů£Ҳͷų˼Ůķ
Ϊһۣ֮ȴԲѷɫ䵱ȡ־ҰΪƸ񣬲ſϼ޳Ůľ
ɾһôڶ꣬һ
Ұ֪֮ܲġ
ٳɫˣԴޣһҲ֮ģ˭ȥǵġ
Ҫ֪֣ҲͷҰֱ£Žҵֵġ
ҰҲ̫࣬һɽһҲеġ
ԵмȥɱҰ˶һʱٸҳˡ
һѾȻҲһֱڹУδҵ˼ҡ
ԴΣѾŮǺ⣬ÿڼЩũϷ첹·
һգ뿪кȥɽдԺϷּˮȱˮ󣬵аŮȥĴϾȥһͰ
ѾɵĴӦһʹһľͰߴ˼š
һյʱ󣬴ŮһͰˮŴСʯ·ȥ
صˮͰ˵Щ̫ˣһС·󣬾Ͷͷ΢΢Ų
ȻŲһ׾ȻһŹԲʯͷϣһͬˮͰҪһͬڵء
ʱǰһһߴӰһֱֻ֣һһץסˮͰ֣һֱס使һŨŨϢŮһЩŹû°ɡ
ҡû£ԭ磡ûгȥԣѾȻߺ֮ɫҲ̿ǰӰģһǰеʧȥꡣ
λ꣬ڴסºһֱ޷ָȴԼһС֣˵ԼȻԺ޷ָǰ䣬ҲҪԼһֵ˼
Ȼˡ
ûСǰЩ򵽵ﻹʣһЩüɽġǰͨŮ΢΢һЦ˵ɿ˫֡
Ҳǣ֣ȷɽġ˵мλƺ⼸ָ˵ýˡŮˮͰһţᴭƳһ۵˵
Ѿ˵ΪΨһܴﵽƸҳҲ˳۵꣬ĸȻǰἰöԷ׸Ŀܡ
ԼͨĽӴҲЩ⶯ġ
ٺ٣ҪȢȻҲֻȢˣҿɿеġǰϤ׵ŮЦЦ˵
ޣ˭˵ҪˡŮڡһ£ɺһںһˮͰҪٴ뿪
΢΢һЦһεÿ˵·
ŮˮͰһ
Źϴ˵εһѩ׳֣֪⼸пɻεŮ߳󣬺Ȼһ䡣
ѩױţǰЩ컹εûˡˣ硣ҽЩɵĹ£ͦ˼ģ´лᣬٸҶིһЩ𣿶ˣ㲻ʧôǵЩ£Ůһ⻰תһ䣬ЩȤ˵
Ҳ֪ΪΣлǵЩ¡ŹҪϲĻٶིһЩȻûġ⻰Ŀ΢΢һȴЦĻص
Ů⻰Ϊˣлһ󣬾ٴˮͰԶȥˡ
ȻûЧ¿Щ鷳ˡŮԶȥıӰȴ૵˵һ䡣
ڴеһʱڣĻǰţѾֶ߰ͼѶԷǱصԭ䣬ЧõģҲһЩйصζѡ
һ㷽ĲУҪһЩֶˡ
ת


294 Ѫ
ڶ죬ͻȻĪĴӴסʧˡ
һʼ£Ȼôסȫһɧ
һԲ˿ϢҲͽἰ£սгֹһʧꡱ֮£ˡ
ѾȻһʼҲܹġ飬ʱһ󣬡еļҲͬģ
ٹڴسһ˼ҵף׵ʱ򣬴Ľ޵س֮С
ɹһĶŵӢ꣬ۼҾòԶǡɱȵģڻ󣬸Ѿޱ쳣۰ôŮ׳˻С
ӰӣǴӴŮκһ˿ˡ
ڶѾˣҾϣĻһӤ
һһҴϲ֮£¸Ƕޱ۰ߣ䲻ʱպӺ
һڲһװֵӤټһ졣
һգѾͥԺʯϣԱҡиոµİӺ˵Цķֻκźˡ
ʱȻ洫һҽУ˾ǿǡĻ֮ҽ
ѾһæҪȥʱͥԺһܽһˣҪſ˵Щʲôʱ򣬺ȻһںڳӺ漤˲佫䶤˵ϡ
ʱš߰δ󺺣ɫֳС
Ϊһˣȴһݳª꣬Ŀ΢һɨٸϾһ˿ЦЦı顣
ѾԱӴ֮£Ůǰſ˵Щʲôʱȴһδ̧һŵ߷˵ϡ
ѾһҪԼ๫ȴȻоԱӰһΣΪ׵ĳª꣬Ȼǰһ̧ͽӲȵýʵʵ޷ֺ
ҪʲôҪĻȥͺˡڵɫĽе
ҲҪ˺ͶȴЩȤҪ˵Ҳᡣ˺ͶӣһһҾҪɽկˡªЦһ˵Һһһоͼܵ˵Ӳϡ
ʲΪҪȮӣһʧʵ
ٺ٣ϲ¾ƺȣȥȲҪǲشĻҾһɱ㣬һߡһª˵
Ѿ͵ԣͬ׺䶥
ܾġҪҷˣǾʹɡ촽΢˵ĿҿԱŮһۡ
Ѿԣȴɫ˲κѪɫˣ俴˿ԱߵеӤȴһҧû˵κλ
ܺáڸıˡªԣЦһȻеһתһģͽӴ˹ȥȻһͳŮӱ󴦣ҡӤһѱ
ҪʲôѾˣŭ֮һ̧ҪȥԼ¡
ʱԺͻȻһۣһڣ˾ĵȥ
ǰһ˲䣬Լªŭȵ˭ǳˣҲ˵׼Ů𣡡
֮Ѿκ֪ˡ
֪˶ú󣬵ŮٴƵĴһʱȴԼһ䲼øûʵ᷿УԼһΡ
治Զªһߴűãһ߰һϤ쳣
ҶôˡѾһҲ˲Ĳʵ
ٺ٣⻹𣬵Ȼ˱ĸˡڣѾԱ㣬Ұذɣª꽫һף¶Цվ
ѾһԣʱһҲһˣԼѪ֮ɫ
ôҪӵĻǺͱһˡªߵѾǰһѽŮ°𣬿˵
ѾһſڣͻȻҧסָƴ£Ҫ֮ҧĽء
ǳªȴЦһָȴ羫Ӳ޷ҧֺ
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Ҫɱ㣬һҪɱ㡭Ѿ˫ĿѪۣǰ˵õϺ֮ǿ꿴Ҳһݡ
ߣɱҡⱲӱˡªɫȻһȻһһɾһ
Ѿֻ΢΢һۣ˾ޱȿĲ£Ҳ޷ֻ˹ȥ
һΣһóóΡ
ԼԷݵأͬɰʩչһЩ˼ķԦһѩ׷ɽնɱڶ޺ܷɡ
ŹֵǣξУǰʱʱһЩģӰͬʱлʱʱĴʦáȹŹֵĻ
ѾȻһʱ˹ǰоһУȴȻѾʮ֮˾š
ʱȻԭȵ᷿УܼҾȴȫϡãһװθһģ·쫷һ㡣
ʱŲһ죬һƤ۵ĸߴֳ꣬һմѪĳ˽
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ԭл֮Ѿָԭˡˣ磬ڸһӤѾлһֺȻʵ
ȻŮл̫ϣϣǷԼĶûԼ֡
ӤûмһƵط񿴵һЩӤƤһ˵
磬ܲҹȥһ𣡡Ѿ˻ֻͷ­˵һ£һ˿Ҳʧȥˡ
û⣡Ƥ겢ûжʲôһڴӦ

һʱѾʮָѪֱ˫ӲһƬڳһСӣȻһЩӤһ뵽ǰڵһУһС֮ɫľȻվǰһ
Ƥվ󴦣ҲɫصһԲ
֪˶úѾڻתƽʵ磬һҪɱǳҰӵĶܽһѧȻܹǶѧȫı£ȻҲܹɱ
Ҫѧҵı£һСŮӣҪͷġ˫ĿһУǰŮӻ˵
ֻҪܱѪ𣬾ٴͷҲԸ⣡ŮӺԥĻصɫ쳣Ļǰ˿
ֻǰŮһģ·ǰվǰλвһ
ҪѧȻû⣬ô죬ȥˡɫķʵ


295 ޾׷ɱ
ѡҽǶʱҾûʲôˡȻҲ޷ԭġСܱѪ𻰣˺ҲƣκˡѾԣһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ˵
ɫЩݣһ̾һ˵Ȼżӣ¶˾ģȻҲὫ㱾±ġ߰ɣҴȥһط
ȥεط
ٺ٣Ȼһ˴ţܹǱ֮أ

һ쳣ɽڣһɫ۵òٸһƬƽ̹趯һһΪźĽԼȫû˽ȥ
ȻٸԾһֱΪļ
顱顱
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޺ãӣֽѾʤҲˡǳ䲻ʩչ£ܶҲûмˡԱߴһ㳡֪ʱһƤ꣬Цݵĳٸ˵
磬ⶼ̵ĽС㱾£˵šĺܣҪǺ㶯ֵĻ֧Ųʮеġ
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Ҹղ֮Կûпѵûз֣ʱԱҪ˳ֵĶ𣿡΢΢һЦ˵
СҲЩƣЩ꣬Ҳڶ౾£ΨԽȴʮ׵֣·ǰϰһ㡣ѾһϿЦһ˵
˵ڽзͬһ츳˵ϱҲһǿߵģȴ˼˵
磬˵Цˡˣڱ£ǷɱǸˣŮҡҡͷʵ
ڱһһĻӦúǶڲ֮ɡǸղֽ͵ϮĻȴвСĳɹʡ˺һĻص
Ȼ綼˵ˣǿ϶ûˡС͸뿪ȥǶȥˡѾһ˵
죡ǲЩ̫ˣüͷһ
磬֪ģ꣬ÿһһۣ뵽ȥģ˵ʲôҲ޷ˡѾɫ˵
ˡȻĳҲˡסһϣȰɡԣֻܵͷĴӦ
ҹʱ֣Ůһòˣ׼һЩƣ˵ҪлĴ֮
ŮȰ˵£֪Ͷ˼ڲúصԼУϴ˯
һϣһǳ޵ĴΡ
ԼһЩģŮӵ䴲ϣ˵ѵ·óа⻬סĹһǳƵҹ
ڶϣһͷʹʱ򣬳˴ȻϤŮ֮⣬Ȼκһˡ
ڴͷȴһе۵ֽ
æֽɨһ󣬲Цֹˡ

ºĳٵĲУЪϢ裬˶ǿ׳ıδ󺺣Ҵߵƺ߽ˡ
⻹ɺһͷ׷ҲռһӣĬĬĺŲˮҳЩ󺺶࿴ĵСӡ
ʱԶٵһ
һƥڿ۶Ƭ̺͵˲ǰʿһͣ
˺Ȼһ۵ĳª꣬Ŀֻǳɨһۺ󣬾Ͷ˵߽˲
͹룬֪ЩʲôˮһСæ곯ԱһȥЦ˵
ϻ˵һľˡªֵ˵һκ󣬾Ҫ߾
СԴϲٷмʱЩΡΡϣȴȻһһһƾճУʯ˳ªꡣ
ǳªһֱһһͬλεʹһȻܿУϴŭĵͺȵʲôˣȻ͵Ϯү
ҪȥҵְɡȴĽеȴö쳣ӣڱֻһ裬ͻΪźȥˡ
ߣҴүĳ˶ˣҲٶһªԣȴһЦηҲӶбӭȥ
תۼ䣬˾ڵ⽣Ӱսһ
ڲеˣȻ֪˽ĳɱ󾪵ķ׷׶˿
˲Ƭ̺ǳªȻһΣֱĿһ˶ȥͬʱдЦ˵үҪ£ʱ
ߣȰ¡һУڱһͻΪ
ֻһǱ;ƥͷ­һжϣǱ̵ȴһŵû뵽ªͷϡ
һʹƺߣȻһغ󣬾ͷһһԾ󣬾ʹͼͷ϶̽뵽˲︽һƬС
һΣһĽʬ帽ĳЩһأҲһһ׷ȥ
Ƭ̺оٴ˶Ĵ֮
òɫ԰֮࣬
һӺһӵԣֱֳվڰߴǰˮ˫ĿѪһƬ
ȻһĨ¶һ쳣ٸݣȴǺĴУסˣһδӵʮΣһٴΣһǧΣҲҪʬΣԱǺ֮𡣡
˵⻰ٸһת˿ɵ뿪˺ӱߡ

һƬԭϣһһŮһɱһǰš
ѾǵξˡΪɱ𣿡ǰĳª꣬һ߻Ӷһ߾ŭ֮ĳ
ߣƾ㹤ǿϺƴȻܹɱҡֻҪΪǺұͲڴˣʱһһͬǾȪ֮صġ
ٸֳȫͬھĹǰªҶӾֻܵ˼к󣬾ٴǰӴܶȥ
ٸȻȻ׷ᡣ
תۼ䣬˾һʧˡ

ʮһɽɽӰɽ£ʱʱĴдı
ӣǵʮ͵ϮˡߣүֵġһȵĴ
˵ˣʮΰٴβУǾɱǧΣһŮ
Ҫ£ԣӴŭ֮Ļص
һ󣬶Ӱһûɽˡ

ʮһ쳣ɳĮУһһŮƴİĻ๥ţתۼϾ;ǹѪۡ
Ȼǰ۵ĳªӽбһգ˵תܡ
ͬһԲֳ˫׷ȥ


296 һҹ
ʮһƬЩƵĽȺֱߣһιµߣޱվһǰ˫ֵһ
֪˶ú󣬺Ų
һͷ׷ŮӣһһڳĴӲԶһС·ϻ˹
㵨ӲСһξȻԼҵ׷ŮʮȻͣ˽ŲĿⶢߣ˵
βԼʮ׷ɱҲϰٴ˰ɡһֵܹģڵǱóȶˣҪǻʮǰҲ˵κηϻϷƴˡתȻ֮ɫ˵
ߣȻ뽫ʬΣҲò˵áģһֽڳҺĹǰԼġ
׷ŮȻѽ֮Ѿʮȴ֪кȻͷ׷ݷָʱĽģ˿ú֮ǵ˵Ŀһɨ
ԼûĹͷ
ŮȻЩֶԷΪ֪˴طʱѾ޳ţҲ̲סֱһн˫ȫ˳
ٺ٣ġұ˶꣬ҲѾˡһΣǲݣֻһ˲ܻ뿪˵ءߺٺһһһǺॡҲһλһ
ܺãˣȻ֮õġѾЦһһ趯˫ĳ
һ󣬵ٵӭȥ
תۼ䣬˾ƹеĶһ
ʮǰʽԶǿ࣬Խˣڵ⽣ӰԽԵøӾ֡
ǰͬһζ˼ȫǹ١
һ򣬰׷ŮϾͶѪۣһֱȴһѪģĴ󶴣´κж֮ˡ
׷Ůӳһ󣬺Ȼһ߳Ϊһ
һļæһȥ߿һͬʱЦ˵ֹҶǰͲ̶֪ٱˣΪ˵𣿡
׷ŮȴԣȴĿǰһ
߷Щʱȴƿ֮
ȴһ󣬾Ȼļˡ
ۡۡ
شѪеܲǰһĺ󣬶ʱ˵ϡ
ֻֽʮǰˣһֱûǰ¶һΡˡ䵽Уȿ֫ڵ۾׷ŮӼΣͨЦ֮һǰһһذֶףɭȻ˵
ߵ׿˿ǰУ̧׿˿ǰǷ֮ɫİ׷Ůӣȴֳһ˿֮ı飬󣬺Ȼɤһĵͳ˵ŵȻУڽϵ츳ǰ㾪֮ɻεЩݵأзɽնɱǿе𣿡
㡭㵽˭׷Ůԭһ׼ذ׼ݵ˲ϣһԺɫৡһ£Ĳ԰ޱˡ
ЩŵõϢ׼ȷޱȵĶסңʹûлɹ𣿡ȻһЦĻص
ǰ˿ڴһЩϤ׷ŮʼȻذһնһߵףһַɿڱԵ
Ƭ̺󣬡һһűֽĶһҶ¶һ֮
磬㣡ôһ£ôģģܺʮǰһ㣬ѵҲǳһ滨ɣ׷ŮӶףʵ
ʮǰֱ󣬾δŮټκһεġ
ĿеĶԭһֱҡЩṩϢ֮ˣҲ˹ġ⸱ģȴΪҶڵ˵ֻһͶѣȻеϲȹɡ䣬ȻվǰһģڱӺ󱳱һƵ䣬ͬʱǰ˿ھۿɼٶȷɿֺ
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ͬһʱ䣬Ѿɽ߰ԶһƬϿգڱԵһȥ
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һӰͻȻӸһһζ󣬾Ҫͷϡ
ʱ顱һֱһģһץס˽ߴĺӰ
һ߷ߣЫЫĹ
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˳ԾǣԭĺβȻһźǡס
Ȼײû˫ĿǿѵУԼɼһޱȵĺɫ̡
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ʱĴ˹ȻǰСֻ࣬аߴСӣɢȴҺϢ٣ĸоһҺڻҪΣյĶࡣ
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ԭһ߿һþеĲܣȻɫľһնأһͬʧڡ
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ڷ­˵ʲôֻʶһԸħͷͬΪħһƤС
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ʮĳ֮ѨԣϵĬĬʩţԼһĺɫѾΣȦĻתţһӡ
ͷһĺɫȴһһģʼ޷ȹӡ
ԶĵطֻЫѾΪɴȻȻҲȫӡ
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ͷϵĺɫһȻѶٴλΪŨŨ
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һ˵Ȫ´ۺ󣬲ſЦһػصʦѾ֪ƴ½ʵֻǺһ޵ѡҪ˵ߣЩ޵ǲ٣Ҳҵ٣ҪǻޣȴȷʮֵټʦҪȥѰҵĻȥԪħŵѰһѰԴ֮𣬾н޷мԷӡϰߣ˶ȥˣ˵ҺĻ
ȻЩޱӡ棬ʬȫˣȥѰһȥŴ˻ȴһķʵ
Ǻǣʦ֪ˡѹֻǴҪܣҪǴͨĳСؾڣʶЩвἢʶһֱԪħµӣռ޲ϵľ֮ءȪ˵˵
ԭˡԪħҪȥĻ²̫װɡЩȻüͷһ˵
ǰȻ̫ףڼȻԪħҵЭԿ壬Ѿ齨ˣҲ׿ھܾġˣʦܵʱึЩʯˡȻʦȴʦõһŵĻ͸ЩˡȪ΢΢һЦĻص
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ţĿٴ˳˼С

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ڴ˷ǰˣһ۵վ俴ŲԶԪħɽţϲֳԾı顣
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ԭǾħͷ­ѹɢ㾪ħˡǰɽϿƯӿĵȻ̫֮ԣǽϾһյ˵
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ȻѲ٣ðˡû꣬ȴһȭĺЦ˵
ԭ֣ϵ£Ȼʵ
ѣǵȥ֧ԮڵԪħһԱֻһֱ󷨷飬ǰѹѲϵġնɱʦԼƻ帡ǷͷʵСύһˡðԣЦ˵
˵Цˣǽҵģ㲻ʲôȻ˼֡
ô˵ԪħһҪúõĶ졣ڣȴȥŰɡʣûˣȥɡð׵ͷְ׵ĳԱһԸ
ǣȸˡеԣӦһͺ˼תڿ뿪ˡ
Ŀɨ걳Ӱһۣ֪ΪΣԼôƺһͽ򵥵ġ


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˾У֪ɽ޽һúɫʯͷɵĴС
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ȻҪԪħţȻ֮ǰͶλԪħһ˽⣬ȴЩΪġ
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Źˣĳ治֪ԪǰȻ۹ġ⻰Ȼǫ˵
ȻûþɨǰߵΪӶԷɢеЩѹϢһ㣬ҲһҺʦ
ʦ֣ҲˣҵҲٵġðԺͺ߹ϵʱһ˵
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֪ҪʲôȽ̫͵ģ²һðɡ߲ÿɷһ䡣
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ʦܲĪ֣ʦһ̸ƽ˵ҲˡðЦһĺǳһ䣬Щε䡣
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ޣһ롭ţȷģеڵڶʱɱһͷͽڵªһ󣬻ص
ֻͽʦûѲʱ򣬼Һʵ߳ʵ
ҺĻҲСڵʱ򣬼һͷҺڵѪܹݴѪʮֵĿ¡һΣªҲĻص
ҺڣǾ͹ˡɵĴϲ
ܺãˣʦԻȥˡԪħ˼ĵͷ˵ķԸ
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ѣҪú̸һˡΪصأһ£˽еġԪħһתףԵ


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ҲǴɣٹʱ䣬ٴοġƽʱ¸ٴۣҲΪ˵򿪴ơοĿһǶһЩͽҵնɱͷﵽҺڵޡ֣ص˵
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˵ԭȹžʹҺʦȥնɱһҺޣһκ󣬲ſЦһ˵
Ҫ֪ΪҺÿһν׺ΪǰȻ֮ͬԶͽʱɱȵġ
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307 
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308 
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꽫ƱסĿһɨֻճ࣬ɢŨŨҩ֮ϲֳһ˿֮ɫ
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ȻӻЩͷȴ΢ɣͬʱԷԼĿ࣬ԼղЩˡ
λʦͨ챾£ԼĻһҩжʲôֽšǰ޶˸Լ鵤ҩ飬Ҳȷˡ
󣬵лһ󣬾ͽҩһ£ڽУһӿɿתΪһ˿˿ľ
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ĿֻʶһӴɫ飬ֻǰ̹ţͬʱʶ䡱һϱʹ˵
ʱɫȴһɬΪһźһ˶ȥ
һҽУȻڴ𡭡
ڶһ磬ʡµ߳˴ͷҲصƮȻ뿪ˡ
ͬʱеĺɫľȴžκˡ

ͬһʱ䣬ħɽ´Уߺð̸顣
˵ǿޱȣһʿˡԪħŸð׵Ľһ˿ɫ˵
ȷˡҲһоѹѾٻɱ֮ĹʦܡðмصĻص
ţʦȻʿȴҲһЩ֮ټЩ֮ǿǱѰģοٻɱħҲƵġߺһ󣬾Ȼ»һʿĿº˵Ļ˵
ʦ˼ǣʿҲǿ羳ĴڡðԣɫĴˡ
ˡֵʱܴҲٳһɫԣʲôдֹ𣿡һʵ
Ҳ̫ʦ֪ĻҿԻЩʱȥһ¡ڴˣҶǼԲȤһЩķѩѾСɾˣȫ߶£֮ǿҲԭӲӵġƾһƳˡһƷģð˵
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ȷˡйҪԸһͷħޣͨ飬ҪҪǰ͸©һЩ֪£Щ׼Ļ˵ջһЩġð׵ͷʵ
ˡ֪£Ҳ̫ôġΪη壬ܸıĲġܻŴгֻҪ˵֪ᱻħȾħ֮¾ˡˣʱٶЩôˡǺǱߣǼħ֮һҪ׼֡һʱͷħʵ֮ǿԶԤϵĻҲܱ֤ʦһܹȻĳҡҡͷ˵һ
ðԣûʲô

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һգڸ¥Ϣʱ򣬺ȻӴһų
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⻰һϲ˵ΪһźҲӴڴ˳ȥ
һٷһԪħŵ£ٴ˾ħɽ´С
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ѣ׼ˣҪˣѾǰȺˡԪħżһ˿΢Ц˵ûн˵˼
Ȼû⣬һֱڵһ쵽ġˣȻҲ£ҲһЦĻص
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Լ߰Զӣǰʯһ±ϡ
Ⱥ˫ĿһУҲͿνġ
һƲɸߵĺɫʯһЩߴʯһЩС׼׵ӣʵڲ֮
ҪʯǰѾվʮɫ˷ܵԪħŵӣҲȷ˽ǡ
һʦȺһ£ڶͽĳߵ˷׷׼
λʦܣʼӡɡһ֣ʮָɴسð׵˵
ЩȻӦһ
˳Ů桢֮Һʦߵʯǰ˷ΧٸӻͳһĹž
ӲƴС⻬ɭҲ֪Ǻֲƶɵġ
ԪħһԸ£һͺȣзпע롣
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ԭźɫɫΪ֣ء
ͨӦɫ̺ĿֲܣǱըԽһȫĨƽˡ
ɫһȻ˿ûеתĿһɨöͽһ˵Ŀ⡣
ݺȴɵ΢΢һ
ʮ꣬ǵԪħŵӡ
ƺҲûϵת׹εһЦֵȥˡ
Щ΢΢Ĳоǲɫתͷ­ٴ⴦ĺɫ
ʱѾ͵ֱ֮ޣܴ߶ɫžһʦҲͷ󺹣ʼصĴϢ
˿̣ԪħȴɫصĽйžǰһףһתȻȡһӨ׷дʵм


309 
ʱһ֮£ͻһ׹ûкڣ֮ӭһΣͻΪһιӵľӨţ鲼ģһУһ
ˣȥɡ
߼Σһϲķɿ˵ͬʱϢһľҷ
ȻŴ򿪣λҺʦҲг
ԣ˵ڿշһû֮С
һЦͬĳ
Ԫħŵ˷ܵķ׷Ƹȥ

һѣκһ˾ͳһƬʯϡ
Ա߻һĴţǺ档
ĿһɨͷԼһɴУܻɫʯ֧һɫĻȫӡ
˷ר޵ģǵʦү޽ʱֲãлʵ޷Ƶġ˵ȴްġʱԱ˵һȻ˿赲ûеĶĻ
ʦȻͨ󣬾ܲơĿɫһ̾һҲŲæ˳ȥ
ѾĲ㣬ڳȥһ֮ǰЩҪȶһµģϾЩ⣬粻ͬģʱֳһЩ鷳һ󣬶˵
ŶѾ˵һĵġûо֣һЦ˵
ʱѾ̧׿һۣ֮Ϸʮɸߵĵطȫźĺ˲㶥ȫڱסˡ
ȣֻܳҺںһҺڵߣҲǷҺ޻֮ණֻܷ޴Уڴ˿ռٻģһᱻֱӴͳ⡣Σвʩչռ߷һռңˣֱӱġκηɶ֮ѹƵģЧֻʮ֮һķƽϵġ涢˵
ˡһǼӳ˿ռ棬ġ֮౻ҲԤϵ顣ڷɶ֮ѹƵĻǾͲкˡͷڵĴӦ
У߰ɡȻǵĲ㣬һֻҺڵ棬һʵĻͨᱻֱŲƵ߲ȥɫһʼĳȥˡ
ȻᷴԣŲæĸ˹ȥͬʱĸȤĿʵȻ˵ͨǾ˵Ҳˡ
츳ͨжѹԼϢģǿƭнƣԼڵͲеġҼǵǰһλʦ֣ڵĲһͬҺ͵Ϯһֱˡ޺ټһ֣ҲᱻþʱġƽĻص
ѹԼϢޣȷʤġͬĻص
һҲ֪ж㣡
ʱѾ߳˵ãĿ֮һЩżֵһЩʯʯѣȴһͷ޶δ
Ҳ֣ԵûʲôҲǳ֮¡
һǰ濪ʼһЩľݣЩһЩʵڲľм䣬ԼܼһЩȥ
Ŀ΢΢һβġ
֡ڴ˶꣬ѾԼͷӡٴεؾΪһˣؾʱʱж䵽ġƺ⣬治ΪȻĽ䡣
ڽǰҲ˵ԭӡĳؾڵġһֱδܹͨ˵ĻЩΪλȫؾ𣿡üͷһʵ
ؾٺ٣׵顣ؾв̶ģʱܻһ㣬пڵ߲֣޷ȥؾڣбµƣһֻܳܽġҲȷҲؾеģͬᱻ˽潫նɱġƳһۣȻ˵
ԭˡЩȻˡ
ʱߵһƬǰͣ˽Ų
ˣһץۡӦȻһɫԲָ̣滮˼ºüͷ΢΢һ塣
ôʲô𣿡Σüһʵ
յͼ˵ֱӴֻӦǾȥһ㷨·ߡһֻҺΪ鷳ܲǵĻǾҪǵĺáԥһº˵
һͷޣúɵ϶вͬѰ֮ˡһº֮ɫʵ
һͷޣܿ綾մ֮У޷ɱ˵ǽնɱϰٽأҲܻΪϰٷļˣʮֵѲǰλʦֽ뽫ȥδɹ·еĻɾҪԶˣҲϸޡ滺˵
ȻǻʲôԥġֻЩѲѣֲ޷˵ҲһҪնɱޣֻҪҲˡ΢΢һЦ˵
ߣȻһֻޣֻǲڵǰɣ˷̫෨ѡ֮ҲֻάҹѡʱһҿɾͻᱻԶ⣬·Ͽû̫ʱָġһ˵֮Բһգ󲽵ֱӽС
һЦŲæĸȥ

ͬһʱ䣬㴦һʯǰͷ޾ڸϣһصĺѪһʱõСͷС
ڷĴһԪħ꣬վ
ǵʣҲգĿʯѵϷ
һʯϷȻһŻҝ򣬲Ĳʱš
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ֻڷϵһתͱѪһĳ뵽ɫǰ
䡱һ
ɫ渡ֳһɫģѪһײ֮󣬾ȻϢһֶ
ʾʹһεûС

⣬ԭʩһԪħʦѾֹͣз
ĺɫʧȰɫŸ绯ΪСķɻصԪħС
˶ʯ£Ȼ֪οһʱ̿Խġ
ŮڸһСϣ˼ʲô
ʦãʦ˼ҿɻһʱûȥˣùȥ˼ʺһˡŮȴȻ˺ߵĴ
游ӣоʲô⼸ûʲôʱ䡣ŮһȴɫĻص
ˣǹ£ȥ˼ҰɡԪħųһº󣬾Ĵȥ
һΣŮȻڵĴӦ
ŮûпǣԪħŵµϣԼһ˿ɻ֮ɫˡ

ĳԪħŵ߶һڶ̹״Χһͷɫǡ
һâ󣬺ܿͽƷء
һ󻶺һӿ£ͽӲĻڵء


310 
һһֳ˫Ĵ׳꣬ͷ󺹵ĵֵͷ޵ĹֻǣޱȣʱʱĴзɳһɫУ˷ʤ
һ
׳һһлУͻȻһַɳ
һ£ԪħŵӴʧɫ˵תȾܡ
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Ȼֿȭÿһ߼䣬ޱȣڵµĽӡһǳ
ۿҪᴩĵʱ򣬺ȻԶһ¡¡һÿôԶķɿ쵹£תۼʮԶӡ
Сģǵˡɫһ䣬һͺȣ֮һݺһ塣
ۡһ
һãã˪㴦Ϊģ˷ɿӿڷԲһ񺮱
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䡱һ
㴦ͻȻݺһ·ʲôݺײһ£֮һĸֳ׺ۡ
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ͬһʱ䣬һжһѩ׶̳ߣһһ糤ľӨǰֶˡ
ʱһضɽҡľ졣
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˫ĿһУһǰʮŻХһ˲ɳ׼ȷޱȵĻϣ׷׵ıѶ
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ŵ޴һɽζӻһ˶һεĿ꣬Ȼ˺

ˣĿһȻһһֻȭͷȻһǵӭ޵
һ죡
һźɫڵͷ­ϱѶ޻ĵɳȥͷ­˲䰼ݽȥһʱ侹޷
ʱһͺȣֻǰһһɫ⻷ƾո֣һģ󣬾ʧˡ
ͬһʱ䣬ȴһһööɫ⻷ƾո֣һ󣬾ͻΪһӨıͽ˲סˡ
ˣ˵һһ֮󣬵һͷ۶һ
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ֻܿһͽнɫ̽һգһһž޴зɿ۶תۼͻΪˮװС
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һƣǰһȥͬʱһգȻȥ
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˷ȥĸ£ȫĹȡ
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޵ıԹԣĴԲвСƵġ
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ߣֻ΢̶ֳȵĻ¾ҺʦҲԸӲһǵġɫЩ粻
һΣֻЦˡ
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ʱ󣬶նɱͷӲݴ͵ϮİɫǺǰ濴һ͵ãԼа׹ѡ
ˣӿ˽Ų
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תۼ䣬߽˵У˲ԶڹĻеķ
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Ҫǰһξöġ
һ漴һζŭӵĵȥʮԶȥ
ͬһʱ䣬ҲһģԭʧһξҲӰһ


311 Ѫ
顱һ
ֱһģȭһһźɫȭӰʯѶ
ԭƿյգΪ֮һ󲨶
һ͸ƾֶȭӰһƣԾͺмĿյϣڡ˻˻УĿ¶׹⿴һſڣ̵ϸ²
濴ǰޣѿ֮ˣղҪʱһƣȻܱסСҲ˲ˡ
һԸ֮꣬ڳԾȥ󣬱߳ŭˡ
ȥɡ
һ̳һ֣ǰպݺһ
ۡһһɰããɳХһȥ
޼ˣȻһڣӨâһתʹû븽ղˡ
һ̣ƿһξӺཻһɨ˿׶ûС

׹һƾոľӨܣξһɨ棬ֻǸԸֳһۣȻûܻǡ
Ȼˣ˹ҲúͫһȻеıѶźһ߳ĺɫ౻㺮ĸˡ
δһٴγʱԶһɫȴһͷϴһζ
һҽУ
һƬѪӿ£Ҫϰɫһֵȫ㽽һ
ʱƬնʬŴֳˤ˸ϡ
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Զͬ׵ǿɨ£ͷ޸ǳı¶ǰġ
ǷһΣлҲһεġ濴˿ϵʬ壬Ȼ˵һ䣬תȥˡ
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Ƭ޲кʱ򣬵һһŻɫ˲оƬϼ⣬һɨȥ
һУеʱ򣬵ϺȻյһƬˡ
һյ蹤󣬶Ӱͳ˹ĻڵķУһ󣬴ģʧ

һӰһƬĵͿմš
Ӱᣬǰ鲻ͬɫţʱͣʲô
ͨڽ뵽ؾеĵʡ
ɵһɽͷϿʱȻ·ŻҝӰӴɽͷϳצֱȥ
ͷӲëͷ˫ǵĹֺӡ
ʡˣȻ㲻ܣֻǵ׳·ɨһۣ¼֪ġ
˵龰ˡ
ͷ˵ǰĹֺڱĿһɨ󣬾ȻȻͣ漴ë˲䷺һҰɫâƬ̺󣬾ͻΪڿеıʯ
ʱȴһһÿϺȻ˿˿Ѫ
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һ
һɿϯ£ʯһֱµȥڡ顱顱ֱɽͷˤǡ
֮ӰԶȥˡ

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Դ־ȹһκ㲻ٰˡ
ȻǾ͡ЦһЦ˵ЩʲôʱȻһϴ֮Լһͷɫֱ֣չ
һͷ񣡲˵ʩչɶݣѹ𣬴ƺδܴơˣЩȻˡ
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ԭˣҲһͷʵݣΪλģЩƵӡ
һΣûлشʲôҲɻ
Ȼǰһޣ˶ӵп羳еҲʲô
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ʱкΪ֮һ٣
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ΣͷıʾףҲַɿڰ׹£ԭʧˡ
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˻һûʲô쳣ϸһ£ͺȻһֻ۾зţƤ䲻ʱ˿˿ѪͬʱһֻǰצҲľһţɢϢһʮήҸо
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ǿȻ֪ԼԶһ࣬Ҳ˻ȥȷǸһ鷳ʩס޶һᾡһնɱġҺ޵ʮΣա
аһնɱͷѪ˻жʱһЩŽģ
ٺ٣ĳֻܾһˡٺһĻص
ãȻ˵ˣԻᾡġһº󣬾ȻĻص


312 նɱ
˴ʱԭſŵѪȻӶ˶ͷ­һһֻ۾һ˿ɻڷɨ
ͷ֮ԶƺҲʲô
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һ̣ԶѪƺ˲һͺ󣬾֫һɿվ
ʱȻһƾնöɫ⻷תȻһպ󣬾ͻΪ͸Ĵִ
Ѫһ顱һݺˤϡ
ϴŭ׾޺ѪӿӴ֮󣬾׷׵ڻ
ʱϢнɫ̽һģĻΪͬʱýȻһߺ󣬻Ϊһɳƿշɳ
ѪֻԶһ˲ϢĵͷΪһӰ·һնȥ
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Խ½ļƷȽףһѪ۶ɵӰֵܵġ
ֻġꡱһ
ѪɫӰͱɫӰһն𣬲ݺնɳѪɫʯϡ
䡱һ졣
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ǿŻͷϹԶȴͻȻӱһͷ­һĳ𣬴ƿնߵӡ
ԴƺԤϣֱֻһһֻƾͳԶһץȥ
ۡһ
һֻƵ֣Զֶһ̶£Ѫͷ­һץסһ¡
Ѫͷ­пȻѪͷɭȻɼȴһѪδҷڿҧ֮£ڱѪ粻ѡ
ʱһ棬ʱΪļֻǼ͵˴ץסͷ­ǰ˵˫һ߰ȭһ
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ʱһ׼õķм˲ͷ­ϣͬʱ˵Ưɫķġ
Ѫͷ­ڷİзɿСջΪȭͷСʼմڻ֮С
ɫ֡顱һҲΪɢˡ
ֹȻֶ˵ãһնɱͷѪƷɡֳΣ˹ǱǰĽɫ֮̽һ˿𾪺ͳɵʵ
ֵܣȻһ֣ҲЩġͷѪǰͷУȷǸ˼ء¾׵ֵģ̇һУͽɫСһУ΢ȻһЦ˵
ַ֮תȡһɢУѪͷ­ֱװУںϼŷ󣬲ʮСĵ
ѵû˵ԽǸ˵Ұ޲ԽΣҲͬˣͷѪ㸺أҲһͷҺޣҪֶ˵öڽͬѰҲ޷˵ġˣǰʩչĿǴеҡҡͷɫһ֣ʵ
ȷ٣Ҳֻǳ˵ѡĿĻص
˵ֻһޣһΣȻĸҲһˡ
̸ϣֻһЩ֮ѡҡҡͷ
Ƕ֮ˣҲ㲻ýޣҲûжˡһ־ȻǽͬˣÿһֶзͬСɵ衣ʣȻûбƼ֮ڣѵڻиĵӲɣŵı飬̲סʵ
ĳʵӵĺܣʤҵĶˣѡƼ֮УҲ飬ûʲôֵġǺҲʵͬСɣҲͬûȥμѡ𣿡ƽĻص
ߣʵ˵һ㡣ⷬ˵ȥŵġʮʦУ־Ҽĵڶ֮ˡδƼμѡΣҲԭ򡣵ʵĻʳһ⣬Ҳκ˵ġüͷһĻص
Ŷúֵķڷ֮ˣĪǾǹŴӵλѡ˫Ŀһеʵ
ߣҶĳƨһкˡȻУҺһ߲һ飬֮ǿҲġ߰ʱ䣬ѾҺڵΪˡ˵ˣڽ϶˾ʵȻʵӦҲ̫ԶˡҲãһҶɴ͸Щˡһһ˿ӱ˵
λԪħŵ꣬Լʵ֮ǿ֮ϵġ
⻰ЦȴˣƬ̺󣬺Ȼ̾һ˵ڣѻԸĳʵ𣿡
ʵ飿⻰ʲô˼ԣɫ΢΢һ䣬ͬʱĿЩ˸
ֻһͨĺޣֵĻ˵ʮʮİգ˾ųʤܻеġֵΪλĲӡͷӦʵԶʤͨޣЩ֮ɡĬ˰κ󣬲Żʵ
㿪żɽһʣһɫЩѿˣȻտڵĲһ
ֵĪǺ£ĳ⻰ıⲻȥǵˣܷģ¼ȻѾ˵أһѾõ˵õı꣬϶ȥһ˵ġ֮Իڽ³˵ֻ֪ͷʵֶΣǰЩ׼ҲߵеİաǲŵĻҲԣ꣬һ˵
Եûд˱Ҫˡô˵ǰҲȹһΣҲȥġԭ뵽ٽģڸߵĻҲǰһЩѡͷȷһϵҺޣҲԶǿĶ࣬һͷҺڵħɫ粻һһɫһ˵


313 ӡ
ħ˵һͷҺڵħޣޣȻһ侲⻰Ҳʧڡ
ڵΪݣȻͽǰ㣬޺ħ޼һ֪ġ
Ȼһתӵ伮Ͽйħ޼ؾͷ׷ӿͷ
ħȻΪܵħȾ޵ͳơ
˵һħ޺󣬲ħÿѪޱȣʵͬҪǿϴ֮࣬вֲ˼ħͨʵǷǳֲڡ
ƴ½ҲûмطħڣЩطҲ󶼱ħռˣһ޿ġʶǧħƴ½ҲѾǴеĴˡ
оȻһͷҺħޣһ
ԭͷħޣѹֵֺûʮʮİˡǷӡ޵һͷħģָ򶨣¶֮ɫʵ
Ҳ̫ˣͷħǺȻڵеġǰڵʱǴδ˼ġǴؾֱİɡ˵Ļص
˵ͨؾУܻħˡЩˡ
Ͳ˵ˡ˽ؾ飬δħĴڡһ˵
ֻδֶѣؾûħڡĳûʲôϵڼȻħĻȷǲöԸˡѸ˵أӦҲ׼һЩֶΰɡһ˼ʵ
ţŷһһųǰģԸħӦЩõġ治˼Ļص
ĻֵҲǲܺħһսˡʱҪһĲԣܺʹӲӲˡȻʤҲʤ³°ͣ˼˵
ŶĪʲô⣿գգ۵ʵ
ֵܣȽ֪йͷħ鱨ȫ˵һ飬޾ס֮صĻԼһЩɫ֣ص˵
Щû⡣ǡڵĴӦʼĽ
ţʱʱĵͷ

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ϣ߰ͷͽ¹ʬ壬նʮĺһء
ʶߵ̣Ǿϲӵı飺зӦˡҾ֪ⶫ϶ͷӡܺãֻҪҵ˷ӡ֮ƴʧһҲҪǿдһˡ
⼸仰һʱзɳĹ򣬲˷ȥڷ׷вӰ
·ĶĵϣһҲаεسһʯа֮࣬ʮ֮ޣСҲ֮ߣÿһ涼ӡڶĺɫƣҶǶһźľʯԼһͷ
ʡ׿˿·¶һ˿ʹ֮ɫ
ЩʯȻֻһԵģò֮ϡ٣ʹλǰƴһңҲķ˰ʱŴġ
ʩɹҲܳԵڶεġ
ţһҧִӻһɫǣ澧Ө͸꣬Լһ˿Ұϼѡ
ʡǰһţһ꣬ȻӲ˾Өķĩ·һȥ
ЩӨĩһ·е˲䣬ȫûʯвӰ
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ʡˣŵһһ׼õķ·
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ʡˣϸִϲȻſһ磬³һžѪûǰϡ
ԲĺɫУʱ˿˿ʺ֮ɫԭľ޴Ҳʼ΢΢Щ
ʡĻɫȴΪ֮һ䣬вɵЩп಻
ӡ̶ȾȻԤ֮ϣ忪ĻҪѲʱ䣬Ԫ֮ҲҪĸࡣ
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еĽɫںɫͣ£ڻζб淺һȦȦĽɫⲨ

Ѿ뿪֣ûǰ£˳İյͼҵǰķ󣬲ڰ׹УȫģĲӰ
ѣٴ˫Ŀһɨ󣬲Ϊ֮һ
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ϴνʦֽǰѣȻ˵
ȻǾͷħԤеĻҪ鷳ƺϳֱӰᵽ˸һԭõİ취޷ˡĿһպȴɫ˵
ֵ˼ǡȻʹˣϾ̫٣Բʶʵ
Ĳ˵ȿͷħǷ档Ŀ˵ͬʱһָͷһȥ
һӴʱüӿ˷һɨȥ
һԵĺˣҲͬʩ̽鸽
һ󣬶˾Ⱥ˷
Ȼû⸽ͷħҲ֪ھĻ̫ʮֲġȻȳȥɡͷħޣӦʮĵطˡֱһŶº˵˵
ʮ⣡־϶Щӡ
ٺ٣ͷħȻͨһЩǣҲûڷ⣬ǿ϶ھ̫ˡǶһˣҵħޣȴҪæˡʮ򶨵Ļص
û⣡δһŷܹ׷ħλõġ治˼˵
͸ˡҵͷħڸ·Ȼٿɡһ˵߳˹Ļ⡣
룬ҲûзԵ˼߳Ļ󣬵ַתȡһŵɫӭһεƾȼ


314 ӡն
һ̴ӻ۶ΪһֻƴСɫСӰڸһ衣
ಡһ
ӰȻĳȥˡ
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תۼ䣬˾͸ſӰɿԶȥˡ
ʱӰڷɹһƬߴɳ󣬵ڿһɢ
·Ŀô˾ʱɫһͣ˽Ų촽΢Ĵ˹ȥ
СˣͷħӦþǰ治Զˡ
ԣֽ֮ɫĵͷߵ긽Ҳͣ˽Ų
ʱȴȻһſڣһããɫӡ
һѽסĬĬɳǱϿ΢΢һΡ
ۡһһƬ׹Ӿзɾڷ߶֮󣬾ǰԶûһľŰСĻ
ڹĻУֳɳǱߵ
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ˣһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
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ܺãǾڴ˵ز·Ȼ󽫴ˡ˼˵
СŴǻԴӦÿԿħֵġͷ֮һףʹӻһ糤ĳɫ죬ʼƮڸ
һٷһ鲼ƵĴ󣬾ڵˡ
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ŶֵƺĳĴܸȤ΢ȻһЦĻص
նɱһ޵κ֮˿¶ЩȤġ˿εĻص
ϧ˽ҲҪɲתõġЦЦ˵
ٺ٣Ϊû㹻Ĵ۽Ȼ⽣ЩȤҲûռе˼Ͼ޵֮Էɽ֮һϲͨġˣڷѾˣҪνͷħٺһ˵
ͷħ޹ȻҪնˡֵҪڴ˵ַ֮½ҾˡȻ治֣һӵĻ֮ػܼһġƽ˵
ȻֶСˡԣһɫֻǵͷ
ˣһԲɳƮȻȥˡ
վԭԶȥӰɳһĲһŷԼһġ
һ󣬺ʱΪһŰ׹Ľʧ

䡱һ죡
ɫбѶһƬɫϯСɽƽ֮ȻֳһںĿ׶
桰ʡɫ԰ѪϢҲѱ˥쳣Ŀô˾£ȴǿϲ֮ɫˡ
һӣǰ޴Բ̡顱һ²ֳö̵һɢͬʱʯâһ׷׻Ϊһŷĩ
ʱһŻΪһźڹĳֻһģ󣬾û߿Բ֮ڡ

һӰӣذ߸ߵлţƬ̼乤ӹһʮɸߵɳǰһذľ޴ɳӡ
ɳĴȻһСɽĺɫһŵſ
ӰӣʼرԵһٵվƬ̣ڻжȥɣʮɡʮɡʮɡ
䡱һ
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ͬһʱ䣬ǸһŵĺɫȴһģˣȻֻһŻûɵӰ
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ʱǰ⸡ֶȻһۺ󣬾ͻûһЩƵķ
Žױ
ǰǵӰŷκȻ߹ȥġ
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Ҫһ׷Լȥһ£п˾ڵġ
ʱȻֶ̱޷ȫ˵ġ
뵽ŶĿɫȻתһɳأӡ
еĺɫˣһȻһڶ׷˹ȥһԾ䣬׺ʮɾ롣ٶ֮죬Ӵƥ䡣
ǰѽһƾųʱעźһУһݣһ׼õķһɶ׷һıѶɫ˲֮ڡ
ͬʱԼҲһͺȳڣȻСһ֮£˲ԭȴִһȦ࣬ٽԾٶȱԭȼ˱ǿͺɫסڵľ롣
һ׷һ֮䣬Ծٶ沼õķ󴦿ˡ
ۿټԼͿǷˣϲֳһ˿ϲɫ
ʱȻԴƿһ죬ƺжԾٶȼ
붼뵥һȵ棬˲һ༤ȥ
ಡһһϺɫоԱһһֻΪްĺɨ
ٶ֮죬ܣˡ
ɫһнһһɫֶ̽һ֮£ͻΪһƬϯ
ۡۡ죡
ӭоնء
ôһΣʹ˴һӰļƮ󣬾ȵ˲ԶķС
ʱһɵתɿȥɫΪ֮һ


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ȻʻвѹֶΣɫҺ˰ԵҲɫһ䣬ͬʱдԪħŲѡ
˵ܿħķ
ǰô˷ǾȥҲסԷſһġ
ֱڣӰһֱδҲ֪˺ֶΣʹӴҲֻԼеϢڸȴ޷λڡ
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һֻҪץסᣬǲܺݺ͵Ϯħһѵġڴ֮ǰȴҪȵֵסǰħ޵Ĺ괴С
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ҲգҲˣͷħʵ˵ɣԼƬֻҪԷҺ̶ȣԱӦû޴󰭵ġ˫Ŀһе˼ţнɫ̽һ
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ͻȻֳʱ򣬿̷ͺͷ­ֻȻһŤļöѶһ׵һɺɫҺ壬ҪǼɫȫһɨ
ԤϵһĻˣ
ɫҺһӴ߶棬Ȼڡһ£ΪƬȼ
кһ׼õİɫ̳߸ֶݺݳ·ȥ
˲乤򣬸߿󺮷
ʱƵĹ¶ȥɫħһû˽ȥ
ɫжʱ˺ɫŭȻ˵Ҳ˺
кˣϲɫһ֣һſڣһžѪû뵽ŵϡ
һѪƾڹŵϷֶ
Ҫʩ߶˵ʱ򣬺Ȼ߲һ𣬴ľ
ʲôȻΪϾʵս̫࣬ԲһΪ֮һ
䡱һ
·ɫУһЩ˶׺ȻžϢһһ֮һֻĴڳ´
ʧɫʩܣȴȻһһӲסˣۿҪ·һ˽ȥ
أͻȻһ죬һɫ˿ûеƶȻһͽӲקʮԶȥ
ڶʱһҧա
ǰӰ׷ͻȻһķų˷ħڽҪͷ˳ڡ
ڴʱħһŭβȻ·һɨããһ𣬾ͽ·ɫȫһѹͬʱӴһڣٴ˲Զĺ档
ʧɫ
˿̵ŸմǰǹɾȻ֫޷ʱٲȡֶַΣֻһҧǰŵȻſһ
ۡһ
Ѫɫһģ󣬾ͻΪһֻѪɫСĴӵϼֱȥ
ɫȴһߣһɺһѪСһľԶȥıѶ
ǱڵһУ˲ȫѪ֮¡
ûκ赲󣬾ʹһŵĳ庮ݺһҧȥ
ʱڹһһźɫԲϷƾոֶ͵·Ȼһ׹
䡱һ
ԲϣͬʱһСɽӰֶ
һͺ𣬷ݰ˶ͷ­ʱҵȥصˤɳ֮Уø涼Ϊ֮һ
μĴԲ飬Ѿˣʹڵ֮ǿҲֻǿʹˡ
ͷħȻҲһֵܵסԲƼӳµĺݺһ
ͽͷħҵͷۻһʱ޷̧ͷ­ӡ
ʱһȴûгɵĽнɫ̽һףַɿ
ɫ̽һģͻΪһɾֻһʹĴһ
ɫæѪ״һ˶ͷ­Ӳһն롣


316 
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СЩûױնɱġȴɫص˵
һǰĽѵ󣬼붼ȻǰŵϺɫһƮһ㱵ĻΪɫĻĽԼ档
ʱ汻նƬͷ­ȻĴѶŲһԭкȻ̽һֻСЩĺɫףκǰǿһ޶ֻͷ­һϸϸѪۣ˿˿Ѫб
ǰնףȻֻǴħͷ­һƤѡ
Ȼ˲֪ǣͷħ֮ƤǼ֮ģҪõǼƷʩչһնġ
ƤӲһħҲ˲СĴۣϢǰή࣬ʺ˫Ŀȴɫ
ȻһХȻһŤԭȱɫսطҲ׷ѵ£¶ոƬ·˿ûܹһ㡣
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Թ˱ħһصޣȻͷ­һŤһſڣһŰ͸ľӨԲ顣
䡱һ
Բײһ𣬺ɫԲһģ󣬾͸ԲУʹ˵ͰĲˡ
ͬʱβͺݺһĵ棬Ӵдһɿĳδ˵һӰʹӴе
һݣһĵнɫ̽һΣһɭȻ˲Ҫоһ
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ȴԤϰһ㣬˲ȥֻǼģٴλصԭȱٵķ󴦡
˿ȴѾԴ󷢣붼Ļɫһڿһķ׷
ˣĿкһվԭزˣ֮һȻӿ߿һԼΪһɳĺɫԣ費
ͬʱнɫ̽һһֱֻһζָսһȣͳݺһһɺƵ𲨹
һ˻ſһɺɫҺ壬צҲһ˶
ۡһ
ɫҺûԶͱһݾײϣƵķء
һ֮ŭһſҲһɫҺһƵͣԭմ
ʱϿհ׹һһžӨ˿˿ûеĸֶһ䣬ͳ䲻Ľ档
Ÿ߿д˿һնͬʱֳםķģȥ
Ԥϵ£
ЩɫĿƲۣӲޱȵƬȻ޷ֵֺһзĽӴʱзһʹ಻ģ
ǺץסᣬѲúõĿ˳
һȻЧõӡ
ಡһ
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ֽԲָսɫһ֣˵Ļȭ·ͷ­
䡱һ
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ͷ­ϣƾֳһСİӡ
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ͬһʱ䣬һģȰֱӳϣ䷴ӦֱһģĿ
һȦȦ𲨶ʱ˶ͷ­ϵ
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һʼƴѣһʮȭ֮󣬾ͽ޴׾ͱӲҳ˱ƽ״벿ֶɳ޷ֺһȭݺº׾ͷ·ϰıѶɫԽͺɫѪҺʱ
һģȻԭʧ
һ̣ʮУһӰһ֡
ʱɫЩ԰ףͷԼкո֣Ȼһ߶ˮĿ񹥣ҲķѲԪ
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ҲǺֵϵĺãҲ׵ֵġһɵ˵̲סǼھʬ˿һۡ
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ȻˣҲġԪħŽɱﵣ
ܺãһ˴Ϊһǽڳʬֱһ²еģҵζɡҲڻЩ˷ܵ˵
Ӹ߿һµ˵ֳǰĹŵһһɫһƮʬһȥ
ۡһ
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ͬһʱ䣬ٵֳ·һС
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ʱԱߵȴȻɫĽáȻֱһ죬һźɫȭӰһɿм
ಡһ
һӰӻмö˺ɫȭӰһģ󣬾ͳʮɾ֮⣬ȻһĺɫСߡ
ͷǣ˫ĿѪ죬һɺ£ͷҲصԶƿռߣƺһ㡣
׷ħı壡һͺȣԥһʱļȥ
֮£ҲͬһƮ׷˹ȥ
Ȼ
Ʈ֮£ȻٶҲĿ죬ǰߺٶȴֻ֮׷Զ󣬾ҲǰߵӰˣֻܿЦһͣ˽Ų
һ֮ʮȥٶȴ˿ѷɫǰĺɫСߡ
ҲǰϢ˥ޱȣ޷ԭħᲢۣԸ񣬻᲻һ˽׷ȥ˵顣
ۿϢԽԽٶȴ෴ԽԽڵϽ׷üͷ𣬺Ȼһһɾֻһͽǰһնء
顱һ
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Ϊ߶ɽ֮£ٶȶʱ룬úһ½˸ࡣ
ˣһȽɫһļصк󣬵ǲʩչˣֻĬļͷ׷ȥ


317 ӡ
һٷ󣬶˾׷ʮ֮ң
ǰȻһ䣬˲˻ɳ֮вˡ
һ
һɿĵ˺֮˵һȭ·ݺݵ
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˼д˷һӵֶ
޿ĴյһƬûκζ
üͷһָͷһ㣬һӴһ
ռѷ족
һ̣ʱʧڣɫһ粻Ƭ̺󣬻Ǵһŷһġ
һ죬ʱΪʮöɫĵıѶ
һƹ⣬ٵһ󣬵Ϣ·ȥҲû˻ɳС
Ȼܶǻɫɳ˫Ŀӳ£ȴԶһС
û²߰һֱİɫξɳиֶ
˹ԭתͣɢŵĿռ䲨ԼܿʲôƵġ
һζ󣬾͵˰ɫεĽǰ˫ĿһɨȥɫЩˡ
ֻĴԼֳһںģ档
ϸֱ֮£ܴſʾĳֽڲ

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߿϶ռѷӵһȥˡ
Ҫʹ˵ķ׷Ȼ󲻸ĵġ
ϾŵǽͷħնɱģӵĻȳʱɲԪħŵ˵ģѾֵѪͷ­˵Ҳʲô顣
޼൱ԪħԼģóһͷϡеѪնɱѾ֧˲͵ıꡣ
Ȼ֪ռѷγ֣һͨʲôطȻܰȻͨҲӦµġ
ɿһתҲ˾ΪСȴû϶ǰѷһһöƾɷɳһ󣬾;ǰС
дʣְֳķɿһָǰһ㡣
ۡһ
ƷȻɫƮͬһۺ󣬾ͻûһ׷
һƮָ˲˷üһɾע롣
Ƭ̺󣬷ԭ˫Ŀһ˵һתǰİɫһƮȥ
ԭĿĺͷһƾϵ
Ϣ
׷һߵǰ˲䣬һֱ˽ȥ
ֻͷ­΢΢һ׷Ӱͳ˰ɫεһߣıϵ
׷һߣ´һ󣬾;վԭˡ
ܺãȻû£ˣȴһɵ˵ŲٳɵҲһƮȥ
һ׹ͳһȫúɫʯͷɵУȫǸߴӵĺɫʯɫһʯϣǶһ㡣
ȻһɨҲͽο˸
ֻǰȫǺжĺȴһƬǺӰĺɫգ⣬һ޷ͷ
ȾȻûκ֧ŵڰС
Ծߵһߣ·һȥͬǹ㣬κεײڵӡ
ٵĽӴһŶһɨȱԵ󣬾ͶʱһϱӲء
ȾȻĳνƣ޷뿪ȷΧ֡
ЩȻˣһ߶ӿ΢ɡ
һδܵ˿ѹƣ
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ЩȻˣ
˵벢ڣһĶռˡ
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ڣ߲뿪ﲻãûһЩϢδɢġǰסħϢˡ
һԥ󣬵ַתһɫ측ֶֻ߿һ׶ȥȫû븽ղӰ
ߴһ㣬һƬɫθֶһģ󣬾ͻΪ˺͸һɫռѷȫڱ
һķԸ׷һʹӻһԲ̣˫ʮָһ㣬һ渡ֶ
һͳĳ׼ȥˡ

һͬеСĺɫ̳ϣʡվһ鲼ɫƵľ޴ԵŷĴһɫסȻɫȻЩ԰ףڲסĵĿϲ֮ɫ
Ĵıʵʵ鲼ɫƬֺ㳤״ʮ߳ڴëһֻСɽС㡣
ڴ˿Ȼʧɫ
һؾмħʮǳͬһġ
˾㱻Ƶһɫ⣬һɫĻУϸһ󣬻ɷЩɫ붼ֱûѪ֮ڵģ·ͳһһ㡣
ʡΧɫĻתһȦЦݽ
ϹŷӡȻԤбԭֶܷƿɲ˵ˡ
ЩƵ켸󣬾ɫصĴӻһѶöư͸ƣһɫСƿһƴɫ֣ԼһʮֲƾɵĻɫᡣ
ʡһЩһһǰһָɫֵΪһļһ󣬾ͺݺײɫĻϡ
һ
ɫĻ˿ɫȴͬնھְķ
Դȴ֣ȻһߣʱֱԵꡱһ죬ƾֳĴݣ˵ĿʼתٴγɫĻһնȥ
һ̶ļֺɫĻ䵱ǱĻȻ˿
ʡһڳǸɫһġ
һ¶һƻƺõĹŻĴӡһͷӲӵѻ˫ն߷֮ʽ
һſڣһöķѪ쵤ҩһĳŻǰһɶȥͬʱһŨŨҩ֮
šʡַɿһŻϴȥ
˼һĻˡ
ŻϿƾĽɫѻʼģһĽ󣬺ȻɫѻӰһ̽һڽҩ˽ȥ
֮˻ţٴɡ󣬵һֻѻһɶ
ȥ
һͺȣһָѻһ㡣
ڿһһſڣһƽɫһ¶ɫ֮ϡ
ֻ֡ڡһһŽɫԵתƾոֳһɫߣиǰϡ
ԭ˿ɫĻʼ΢΢ζˡ
ʡһϲָһ
顱һ
ɫСƿѶӶʱһźɫҺ塣
Һ巽һ̷κٵһת


318 ӡ
һʮɳĺɫȻӺһݺײɫָ
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ǰѲ֪˶ţʣ޼Ѿ绯룬ܱȵǧһˡ
зӡģȻϹʱͳƴ׺֮ħһֻħ㡣
һЩ伮أ˾ħ걻׺֮ʿնɱ޷׻ȥֻܽͷ­ֱնѰһ֮ؼԷӡ
⴦ؾһӡ֮ء
Щӡ֮صȷλãͱЩ֮ʿ֪֮٣پȻû֪ˡ
ԪħŵλɽʦԪħţ⴦ؾڲ޽ϵһȻҲΪġ
ħ޵飬ҲǽЩ귢飬ڴ֮ǰ˿ûУȫƾճһ㡣
ʱġʡΪʢ֮ʱ֮£˲ʱоЩħ޳Դͷʮ׷飬ղ鵽ؾУҵһЩͷӡص˿ȷԪħ֪̽˶ٱСؾȻǾħ֫ķӡ֮
Ȼáʡϲӣ
δλԪħҪȡжʱȴΪ浤ʧħɣΪ󽵽Ԫħ֮λóòԪħɽĽУҹ߻ħ֮Σ
һȻӡ֮ص飬ȫ׵Ժ
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οԤУϹžħȻͨɲ⣬ӡֻ֮һ֫ӡڣӾ˶꣬Ӧñ˥ޱȣûжвˡ
һΣҲûд㽫ӡ׻ٵ˼ֻҪܽӡƴһ϶ռһħ֮Ҳ㹻ˡ
Ϲʱͷħ֮ܽ֫ӡķӡһٵڴҴġ
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ȻһֵܼʱȻޱȡ
ó⼸Ҳ侫ѡרȻղ̸ǰéȴʺʹã϶Чġ
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Ȼáʡϲ֮ɷ˵ʼһһǰ빥ӡС
ǸɫСƿһ󣬴еһɫҺ壬ɫӺ󣬾Ȼ˽֮ࡣ
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Ƭ̼乤򣬡ʡͻΪ׵ˡ
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ۼѾ֮һ֮࣬ϷȻάűһĻ֧ܿûѶ
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Ԫɸ޷̫ˡ
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һֵ˲䣬Ϳдʲѣ桰ʡѡ
вһŻɫĻϿոֶתĻΪ״ԽԽԽԽ
ʡɢϢ˲ﵽ˻ڳ̶ȡ
޴ȻĴˣȴܲκζ֡
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׿һָͣдһ㣬ͬʱһȳڣ
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䣬ɫֵȼ䡱һȫâһ׹¡
ǸͼƣڰлΪ̵ֱɢɫֱԵȴ˲両ѺۣȻҲϵˡ
ֻɫһ󣬻ΪһźɫҺεĴӿ¡
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ʱѾ¶ľ㣬ȴ˷֮ɫγȡһ˿ħ֮гģ
ʡһתȻһɫ«Щȥ
ڰɫһ·ΧɫĻѣ˿ӰûС
ʡˣȻζ󣬾Ŀ¶ȵߵ˾㲻Զطкɫ«һж𣬾Ҫ׼ײֿʼζ
ʱಡಡľ޵ļɫӲëȻΪɫߵһ˶
á
ʡΪԪħȻþ㲻ܶʲôΣգһֱһ˿СģһĻʧڣץŵһŷ˲
ǰֳһɫܣЩӲëߴŲӰһҧ棬ǰķ˻˻һء
ʡˣϸһ˿ҵĵ⣬ٻζк«ʱ򣬶ȴȻۡһЦ˲Ϊ̲֮ͬʱһͷ­ӶͷһѪ˫ĿšʡԼھ׽ʲô


319 ټˮ
ܣⲻܣֻһˡ
ʶǰȻֵĺߣ̧ͷĺѪԽŵ˼仰ûκ̱£ͬʱǰɫܣ˲仯Ϊɢ
δʬϣͷ­һıѶһźʲôĴгһζ漤ˡ
вӰһ𣬾ײӲëϰ벿ٴλΪߵĵ°ȴԲĺ;ײһ
һҽУж⼸ſҧס
Ⱥһɢ󣬾¶һȭͷɫߣ·Ƥ֮̿ɫ˲䱻ں˺Ѹ飬ͬͷʬһͬ˸ɾ
Ƭ̺󣬽Ѫɨһյĺߣһص»ԭ˴ִӲëֻһʼʡͷ­ĺߣȴھײһ裬ƺҪЩη岻ҹȥģ
ȴϢԽԽ֮ջǡ˻˻һȻ˾㡣
ںһӴײ˲䣬һںӰһ顱һտ³һھˣ˵ϡ
ԼȴһģҲΪһֳӲëĳ˾ײӲëһ޶·ԭеһ

ɫ߱˺ѵͬʱħɽɽеĺɫУǾԭĺɫľУȻһҽС
֮׸ǳһںӰ˲ֲֻΡΡĳǰպץ˼£͡顱һͷ­еıѶ
һɺͷһ֮У˲仯Ϊһ쫷ĳ
쫷һ嵽ڵϷ̴˵ڵؽƣɫĻͬʱ𣬺¡¡ľɽлص𡭡
ħɽ´⣬Ӱζѣ߰βһҺŮʹ˷ͬʱۼ˴Ŵ˵ĸһ̵²鿴
Ƭ̹һˣһʧ
ôܣȻǺħĲ
ȷǺħ٣ѵǡһƵĿӣҲȻ˵
˻һۺҲ¶˾ɵɫ
ʱһڹӴ漤͵˸ϿգâһֳһʮĽӣһ漸˺󣬾ɫɷ׵˵λʦֲˣʦ鿪ˡ
⻰һڣȫɫ䣬һʱѻȸˡ

⣬ڸԪħţȻдߣһһһɫԲһɶһ󣬾Ͳǰ
Բϰ׹ԼһɫСֶָ
Ԫħֻɨһۣ͡ڡһվˣɫѿ֮
ʦ֣˺£ð׼ˣһ䡣
ʦ˼ѾȥˣԪħŰ֮󣬲ֳһ˿ʹĴ˵
˵⻰ĿⲻɵɨǽСĳŮ
ŮʱڸһŴţζĿһɫ伮Ȼ֪Ϣ
ʲôⲻܣʦ˼Ȼħɣġðһʧˡ
仰ȴδô֮
۳ŮԪħʦ˻ȫһĿ⡰ৡһ£Լͬɨ˴󺺡
ʦ֣㡭˵ʲôŮЩ·ûǰ˵ݡ

ŲԶļ̳շһĻĺȻС
׷Ϣڸ˸׷λɱ˼̳ߵΡ
׷ߵı壬һë࣬һֲ̫ʵĸо֮ģȻޱȵĺȻ;塣
һëܵУܻΪһͷҺڵħ̳Ͼ㱾Ŀֲ֪ˡ
йϹʱħֽӡĴţؾмħֺ󣬻ȥҲص伮Ҳ֪һЩشš
ټһֻ޴ħ㣬ȻгԾҲǵħʱһͷˮģˡ
Ϲžħ֫ķӡ֮ͨһ¶ѵһԼȻ̶ھȺԵֲǳǰǸ˭ЩƣѵҲԪħŵӣΪ̫ߵӣ
ԶԶ̳ĵһۣʩչ֮ԼΣ˿ڴӺȻлָѺɿת˼ǰĻԵ
Ҳ˾޴ħȻЩɫ֮УҪǵħְ͵һʱ֮ززˡ
Զ̳ϵľ޴ħ㣬ɫ粻ı仯š
֮ԵûߵһҪԭȴûŪݺӡ֫Ĺϵ
Ͼһӡ֮صؾУħָú󣬾ͻȻĻԹȥ֮󣬲ħֲӰڸĪĶһ
Ҫ˵߼䣬û˿ϵȻŵġ
ԵĿϹʱƴ½һӡ֫ëɻΪֲħɲڣȻҲһٶʮСĽ
ԭص˺һûм̳Ͼ˿춯һҧ̳һƮȥ
ڿŪѵҲΨһĻᣬʶȻ֪̳ҪðСգҲ˲ˡ
ϾϴζݵļɵѾ˼£ǲŪĿԺҪЩʳѰˡ
ۿ̳ԶεһֶͬʱһʱֳɫĹĻ
ٵһڸǿӿɺһ󣬾ͻΪһɫԣצڸ費
ͬʱŸҪһƬƬƬ
һһ̤˼̳һĽݣһ
乤̤˼̳˫һٺ󣬾ڽ봦̳ϷĴӡľ޴ħ㡣
˽£Ȼûиܵ麣κһͬʱֲһ˿ɻ
Ƭ̺Ŀھ㸽ϵļϡ
һЩƵɫ֣һСŰʲôĺɫһźķľʯ
ɫֲ˵ֻһɨȥжϳױˣûȥ޲ļֵ̫ˡ
Ǻɫжͺɫʯһ
һУһһɫź;ʯͬʱһ
ɫŷһֵ˲䣬ʱֱ΢΢һ
˫Ŀ˵ſڳȻһ

ɫȫһ¶治СһźɫҺΡ
һԪˮȻһˮַѾƹˡ૵˵¶ʮϲɫ
ڵˮķŻЩɼֵ֮õĵһˮ֮ˡ


320 ħ
һöɫʯƾɢϢһ۾ϳͷħˡ
Ӳë»صϺȴ
˴ĻܻȥԪħŽˡ
СĵĽս˴УԶɨһۣһѺɫƬ
ЩƬȴǡʡǰóĺɫ«䵽ϺȻĲˣ˿ˡ
ŻٻķԵΧž޴ħת˺üȦвͣȽž͵ּ
ڴڼ䣬㾲ڷĴӲëҲһȫһ㡣
Σüͷһ塣
ûдӾϸܵ˿ħڣ¾Ǻֻħּͬˡ
ͣ˽Ųзɿһת󣬵һתжһϸ롣
ƷӰ롣
һָһϸ뻯ΪһâļĿǾײΨһûƬڵĴ
顱һ
һӲëһģΪɳһӶ󣬾ͽӰһɡ
ˣɫ΢΢һ䣬зȴ߶ĸӼ
ֻӰһٴγĴֻһģƿ죬û԰ټƵâӰ
ۡһ
޴󻯵ӲëϰغȻһͻûɺɫߣһſڣ˴Ƭϼ
âϼһ֮󣬷׷׵ɢ𣬵ֻʣһâȴһڣһڽ̽˸С
ˣɫһ
˿̵Ѿʧȥ˺ͱӰʶϵˡ
֣ⷬҲ̽ЩߵĴʵˣҲҺҡ
޴󻯵ĺߣ̵˱ӰûٴλԭӲë׷˻˻ס
˫ĿһУзһ䣬ǰ⸡ֶɿʮöɫ
ȥ
һһͺȣǰȫΪâļ
޴ߴŭ֮Ȼһڶ󣬻ûʮӰÿŴһţ˲ҧסµ̽˸С
֮Ӱͬʱһģ»ԭһţȻһΪһɺֱѡ
˫ĿһУϰδ˫ȴ簲װ˵ɰٻȥ
顱һ
ڷԵһٴλΪߡ
ƾƴŤ벿Ӳëȴĺ;һ𣬸޷ǰһˡ
һ̣һſڣϼƺҪ¶
顱һ
һźɫȭӰݺݻ˺ͷ­ϡ
һȭһ󣬿Ҫĺϼ˲ɢ
֮нһһڽɫֶֻ̽ûһɭһȥ
ۡһ
Ȼһ䣬ͳ䲻ն˺ߺδ仯Ӳë紦һĽǰغ߲һն¡
һ˻˻󣬾˲仯Ϊ߳ĺڴӲëӿһƮ¡
һնȴͬͱһ㣬ײӲëһζҲ׷׻˺ߣоȫ˶һԵ󣬾ͬ޷ǰˡ
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˵ĻȻжηˡ
һХһ߽нɫ̽һ󣬻Ϊһļ
һʱ䣬춼ɭȻӰ
ǽ޲ʩչ
һķɾأ»Ϊ̽кк߾ȫмһնϣʮ߳İӲë
ʣ»;ײĲӲë׷׵ķأֱײʹ˲Ӱ
·Ǳһնһ㡣
ЩȻһ˼һһƬɳͽĳնӲëһأָһ󣬾ͽȼסˡ
һγˡ
ָһӴӲë˲䣬ڹӲë˾Իûһźɫףһתĳҧ
ƺзȻһһݵ𶯴ָӿֱӴ뵽׺ڡ
顱һ
ͷ­һΪһɺɢٴλԭ˴ִӲëֻǻ΢΢Ťѡ
ʱɫ̽һնȡ֮ĽһöɫӲëϡ
ɫĴӷһӿַ׷ûӲëвӰ
ӲëԭӨںڵʱڶСģֹ֮ͣ˻Ĳһˡ
Ӳë죬Ϲžħӡ֫壬Ȼܷġ
ȡŷ󣬾ȡһнӲë档
ʱ䣬ַͬЩӲëȫ
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ҵʵʦ˵Ƴһ׼Ʒ
ЩӲëٴο˾㣬һһУһɫƾոֶһͻΪâļ
顱һ
ûκ赲£ʵʵն˾Ĵһ
ɫһûʲô֮ɫдʣһһ֣һɳͷǰֶಡһ󣬾ʹ˵ʧˡ
һ̣һͷնĴͬһķ
ʹûƬڵһѷ֮ǿҲԶġ
ɫˡ
ϹʱЩ޷ٵħʬŲòӡţʮа˾ˡ
Ŀº󣬵һת½иֶһһɫһ
䡱һ
ϬޱȵĽնײȻûбȴһŵֱûвӰ
һ£Ŀɿڴˡ
Щŵٴһͬھһš
һ£Щˡ
Ľ½޷ƿﻰûֶˡ
ЩɫֻҪûз裬Ȼȥƻġ
ʱ䣬ֳ˻׶ȷ
ͬûʲôЧ
ŷԵٴΧž߶Ŀȴھÿһطɨ
˾㱻նϵĵطѾһͬ鲼۵Ƥţû¶ѪطҲ˿˺ӡûУûκá
Ȼ䣬Ųһ٣Ŀⶢס˾һĳСƬֳһ˿Ծı顣
ûпĻղöƬϺȻֳһö֪ɫ֣һ
еЩǣֱʻŹַ֮һδϹ֣ȴһ۾ֺ֪巢·͸֪һ㡣
˹飬Ȼкðˣ
תһЩȻˡ
֮Ի飬ʮа˾ź˶һδйϵˡ
ʶģǵ֮ϵôֹģ֪ʲôԵʵĽⲿֱּ


321 ħĿ
ԴӾһЩ˶ľ󣬻صźⷽҲѼĹص伮ȷЩʧø顣Щ˱˶ǣֱ˶ּ߲䣬ƾѧһЩ
ȻҲбߣȻʱûбɹºԼʶȴΪ߲Ӱ죬Ӷ顣
ֻǵõ֮ϹϵЩ䣬ʮƽˡ
ϸɫĵʱȴһã̫䡣
ȻˣҲϷŹǰ۹ⲻգһµĶľöƬ
ʱŷöƬƺȸƬԴһȦҲĺһЩ
һٷʱƬϺڹһɫһŸֶȻԭö֡
ˣһȻŴƬһ¡
ٹһʱ䣬ȴöɫٴθֶʱȻһɬѶڡ
ۡһöոֵɫģ˲͵ĸƬϲͬһʱƬϸհ׵طâһģһöȫͬɫĸֶ
ͫ΢΢һȴԥٴöĵķ
ڶöɫͬ͵ĸƬϲöɫĽҲֶˡ
ÿֳһöµĹʱ
Ƭ̺󣬾öɫľųһеƬ֮⣬Ȼδκ鷢
ˣüͷԭسһ󣬺Ȼſڽöһͣȫ˳Լĳַ
顱һ
һʱƬϵľöɫͬʱһɢ𣬵ǰھԼһ΢졣
Ȼ󣬵֪Ϊͬһ¡
һʶ˺ȥ
Ǽ󣬾һ촫Լղִһ֡
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һ£ɫ䡣
֮еĳֹɵĽԽԽ죬ԽԽ죬·һǿ׳һ㡣
Ƭ̹̳Ͽȫصġ顱
ѾһֻưԼϣɫѿ֮ˡ
˿ǻ࣬ȻžڰͬһƵšʹƴ߶ڷҪǿмԸı䣬ҲûжЧ
ʱÿһѪһ˵ܸо
á
û˿ԥһת̳ƿնˡ
Ȼ֪˺䣬Ϊһڼ䣬˿ȻԶԶܿһЩΪ
ʱеȴһ¸ȻֹöɫƬ渡ֳ˿мһ󣬺ȻΪһֻСɫ飬΢΢һĿһĶסͫâȻš
һ̣͸оܿһһ޴Ȼһ˲佫󵹷ɶȥ
ΣȻһ
һת׵ĿƬ϶ɫ󣬸һ֮һȣһȭ˲óޱȣ󵹷֮ƵΪ֮һ٣ŵһתɫ̽ƾոֶݺһն
һ
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ϲһҪٴƿնߡ
ʱ̳ȴ䡱һ죬ֻƬ˲ͬʱ𣬶ÿһƬƬ󣬺ȻֳһֻӲ飬İ֮࣬˲ȫס
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һɣΪûд󰭵ʱ򣬾ϵɫȴȻͫâһһ˿ֻһû븽вӰ
һ̣ܿռ䲨һٵ˿Ȼһ󣬾ֱӶĸֹ֣һ²˸ʵʵȻ̳ȥ
Ȼƴ߷ڷڱ˿ס˲䣬ͱͲͬʱһɲ֪ڿעȥ֫ģ˿޷
Ķʱֱ³ȥ
ͬһʱ䣬ħĿ˿ԭڵЩɫȴ
֮ЩɫΪɫ״ųһƵɫ棬Ȼս
ɫȻսӽɫ濾գɫ鵱̡ĹۿɼٶȷɿС
ͬʱײһƾո֣һ󣬾Ŵ˺۵һֶ¶һźѪźԷǱ˿
ڼ̳ϵⷬ;ȻѿѪںкȻ֪ˣ£ֻۿԼһ̳ȥ
ɿһת󣬾һҧһ汻˾㸽󣬾ƴ˴ԪҲҪöߡ
룬˽̺Ŀֲȫͷų˵ΨһֶΡ
ֻҪܰʱ䣬ЩɫӦþܽٴѹȥˡ
ڴʱȴȻһϤо
һ˲һɨֻ麣в֪ʱһöСľӨݣ΢΢УӿһʮȸԾĸоĿȻָ˼̳ϱӡľ㡣
ȻϲЩʲôʱ麣ȴһת
ۡһ
ϵ˿ͬʱȼ𣬷׷׻Ϊ̵ĲӰ
ûЩ˿˱һٵͣڷ֫˲Ļָ
ͬʱ̳ϱɫտľ㣬Ƭ˿ʧ˲䣬Ҳһɢ𣬵㱾ȴɫս£ƴŤ
ѪڣƴŴ󣬿иԽԽ
Ȼϲӡ
ݹȻħӡ֫йϵ
һ̣ײͻȻһĽš顱һʹһڝһź󣬾ͺɵû뵽Уʦеӿȥ
ֻǰڹˡһ˫Ŀһľʹ˱ˡ
ӹĺɫԴԴϣȻעȥ㱾ȴۿɼٶȷɿСʼЩɱ
ͬʱЩɫȴ죬ͬʱзųĽɫ棬Ƭ̳Ϊ˽ɫ𺣡

˫Ŀһһܾɫ󣬲ЩЦˡ
˿̵ȻٴصĻɿռˡ
˿ռϴ뿪ʱȲû̫ı仯
΢һҲһط£ʼ˼ǰһ
ʣαֱ˿ռ䣬϶ͷӡĺɫйϵȻһӴ˹˲䣬ʶͱ˴˿ռ䣬ȻͨӦֲ̺ħ
˵ĻۺǰݲֹһεȡڷһֻʧٵԼʶ˿ռӦþǱȡˡƺÿһȡ󣬶ռһЩ䣬ܺȡͬЩġ


322 챮
ǰȡʱռһЩֵʧÿռƾնڶ
㻰ֶھħ֫һ֣ȡӦħͬڴ˿ռںܿٳֵڶġ
һжĲ²֮ԣǷˣȻҪۼȷġ
ܿ϶ǣԼռ೤ʱ䡣
һΣֳʱֱӻԲһΡ
ؿռڣڰ˼ʱ򣬺Ȼռ΢΢һͷȻ¡¡Ĺ졣
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ֻռĻҝ֪ʱӿתϿԼγһ޴С
ɫһ䣬ʶļæ˼һץɫ̽һһٴеӡ
ʱһ̶ļȻһźмҪеӡ
䡱һ
гڴһɫĻֶýгڶ˸ʵʵ
һײڹĻϣâţźӲһ
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˹ΣкȻŽɫ̽ƣ亹ֱð
ĻŰâȻһ潥âƵýڽںˣһֽеͣ˿к棬ĻȻȻ˿Ѻۡ
ʱȻĻһŤȻâļֻһ󣬾ͽǧٿס
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ʱ𣬴˷ӿɫ绡֯һͬʱм䴦ĺɫһѹȥ
ɫˣһͺȻһͷȥʹȥӡ
ʱɫĻϺȻһ˿ֻһͽ˸ʵʵ
ɫ󾪵ٴһʱ޷Ѷֻۼܵͱ໡ûˡ
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ǡ
Щɵ촽һº󣬻ǻ˹ȥΧŴʯתȦ
ʯӡĲ֪ħͼһצʮֵЩħͼĴӡɫģ
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૵Խгɫĺ壬ɫһ粻
ٴתʯʱȴ΢΢һվʯǰһˡ
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˫Ŀһж𣬾㾲ʯϵɳ©ͼһﲻ
ʮ󣬽ɫɳ©кȻһģһɫɳٶһЩʮӡ
һĿɫɳ©ϷһɨֻɫɳȻҲֻʣ˱һ㣬ֻаӡ
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˼һٵ׿˿ǰʯȻһָʯ״΢΢һ
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ϸЩĩһ󣬲ŻȻķǰİɫ
ֻǲ֪ʲôԭ򣬾ȻȫΪ˷ĩ״
ϸ̳ŷּ̳ԭõЩƣ˿ȫֳһѺۣһܱˡ
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һȻһ֪ϸ˼һºҲ²ˡ
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һ˿ҽҲħͷк󣬷­׷˻ϲĹֽС
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ﲻ֪ӦǿռڣʲôʱܵԼʶˡ
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ǻɫռԭ쳣涫Ҳʵ֮ܴ뿪ǿռ仰Լʶеֵ̫ˡ
ڹؼǣҪŪʯԼʶУǷʲô
ţһǾ޴ʯһεľֱӳǰ
ϸһȴɵɫһ
ûмǴĻؿռУ챮ϰºڵģȴϺ°ס
ѵʯ˹
˼ţһһµʯ洦ɫӡδ˿ת
һٴεʯǰĿʱʯм䴦Ǹɫɳ©ϡ
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һһһ˿ͷ­ȥھǣ£챮עȥ
һӴʯ˲䣬һŵûУû˿谭쳣
һ񣬽Ӵע˵ķ


324 
ŷĹע룬ʯϵɳͼ𵭵Ľ⣬ԽԽ
ˣȻ٣һҧԲͣʯйעȥ
һյ蹤󣬵עȫ֮һңɳ©ѾʶлΪһŽɫڣųĽĿҫۣ
ȻС̡һһں󣬾ȻٴγǻҝĿռڡ
ۼˣȻ־ϲδȡξٶȻüһǰ䡱һ죬޴ʯǰ
ʯǵľ޴ģֻһΣָԭȵϰºɫмɫɳ©һģпʼһſŵɫɳ
һһŵӡ
ˣ̲סĴЦ
ȻǶؿռһ֪ô˵սռķˡ
һֱģΪ֮һɡ
Ŀʯɳ©һɨŹһʱ䣬ǰϥȻ㾲Ⱥ
һʱ󣬵ɳ©ɫɳһŵʱɳ©ٴΪ֮һת
Сˡһ˾ٴγ˼̳ϡ
˫Ŀһ˵Ľͷ­һȥ
ʶУʯϺ°ٴ
Ȼˣʯ󣬳һ
ʱ䣬˼˼챮ͻȻֵԭ
һ˼յó֮Գ֣ʮа˾źǰռֵǸ޴йء
޴׺һ޶ӦþǰԼĶ
ɫĻ赲ͺƴΣƺҲǱƷӡӡ
ǰ֪ʲôԭӦóɹһΣԲܻûԼģںԼ˾ήҵʱ򣬼Զ
һΣȴûгɹǰӡƸɱˡ
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ţһ󣬲һĿʶжһСź
ⶫǾ޴֮Ȼ֪ʲôȻʲô֮ˡ
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顱һ
һӴ˲䣬еıѶ˲仯Ϊ˿ɢʶС
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һĵĽֻⶼɨ鵫ͬ޽·źԭȾͲһ㡣
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źϢʮС˻ȥһԪ֮𣬽ɨһ飬Ҳûдˡ
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ԭȳɳأһ죬ɳĽ䣬Ƭ̺Լγһ޴ɳӡ
ˣһһɳһ󣬾ͽɷƽˡ
֮ȻΪǰȥطʮа˾žǺͨСؾĳأڼ̳ϱɱǸߣƺҲԪħһˡ
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΢ȻһЦһһźɫ˷
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ȻҲˡһϲ˵
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ۡһ
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ʦַġѾͷħնɱˣζҪһ˻һ߲ˡˣʱͷħħˣȻеðɫЩȻʵĻصŽǿɫʯһ׶
ðЩȻһѽɫʯþһɨ󣬾һĳ˵Ȼͷħľ˲١˵ĻҲ˱ˡԭʦ׼ڵѳ󣬺úдһģڳһЩ£¾Ͳܶˡ
ȻҪ´Ȼ֮£ĳγҲʱ䲻ˣԭҲɳŵ󣬾ͻڵġܷһ䣬ڵ׳ʲô飬ҪĳЧĵطԣ˼Ļص


325 
лѺ⡣ûʲôֻǱһλ¸صĳȻȥ˶ѡðԣЦһĻص
֮¶ɣ
ˣʶǸڼ̳϶ߣһĲٶʲôʹ˵˼䣬ʽ
ð׺ͺ浱ԽͳԪħŵɽ⣬޴ʯֵıԵ·ڡ
ʦ֣˭ȥˣѾˣܿԸ˰ɡ·ϣҲ̲סʵ
Ǽʦȥˡð׳ĬƬ̣Ż˵
ʦʲô˵ʦôܣһʼЩͿϾͷӦʧ
ڻֻڸ߲֪ڵ˼ҵ򡣱Ͼճ˵˼Ȼħɣòڽ֮УȥͻȻǴΪĿɡʦҲȾشϢҪ׸ͨӡðɫĻص
𾪵ͷ

뿪Ԫħź󣬷ų˻طۣһ·ֱͣȥ
¶ٴλصڡ
һȥһ֮ã˵ȴûжע⵽뿪ŵġ
صԼȺúϢ죬Ϳʼڤ伮˵ʼǿѪͷ­
ʮӶ߳ʱϺȻһƿĵõϺɫҺֱǰǸ֮Ѩȥ
ʱһĹȥ֮Ѩһһʱ䡣
һգһЩڵӣ֮ѨɽͷĸʱȻɽ洫¡һ죬ŴɽȻһڝһΪ󣬾ԼΪһɫһֻɫ޻
ڿзһ󣬾ͻϷ˵һһ׷֮һ״ǻһ㡣
·ڵӼˣȫĿɿڴˡ
һСɽϿգӰһΣϢĳЩԾŲԶչֵ
þ˵Ϣѵһλʦܽ׵ҺڣѨоֱͻˡԱ߲һһȻֶ˿е󣬲ɵ˵
ߣǵƹˮʦ֡
ͬһʱ䣬ԶƿԼʦˡ
ϢȻǿ󣬵Һͻʱףĳֹгɺһʱ޷Żֵľ󡣲󣬵ȷǳټҵһʱ벻ںֹ޳ɺ󣬻ִġʦܣɶԴ˿֪ʲôҡҡͷ˼ʵ
Ȼʦ˵ˣǶ벻ˡ˵ǺֹĻʦȻ͸֪ˡʦգգ۾ҡҡͷ˵
ʱСಡಡһ¡
һŮӣһߴӣǹһֲɽմ󺺡
Ǹźͻʦִкڽɽͷϵͬ¶Ծ֮ɫ
еֻٻϷһ󣬺ȻһıѶٴλΪһɺļ£ֻǼ󣬾ɽͷвӰ
λʦѾ˹ڶѨԹΪһʱ᲻ܳġżˣЩź˵
ʦ֪λʦѨУ׵顣ֻҪѨӽһʱ֪ˡֲԣһЦ
ţ⻰˵ʦЩͿˡԣȻһЦˣ֮Ĵ
Ƭ̺󣬶ɽӰһΣɳһʮ۵ӣ֮̿ɫƷ˹
Ӱݼźλʦ壡һˣæǰ
㣬Щ죬˵֮Ѩ˭ȥһ֣ƽʵ
ţ֮Ѩֻʦһˡ۵ӹص
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Ҳͬһ
ţһǰ۵һ˼ʵʵĻص
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ٺ٣ʦܺαô˵Ūң֪ʵĲǴ¡ԣٺһ˵
ʦǶʦ˿죬Щ̫İɡϾʦŸոսʦûжãʱھͽ˵Ⱦ磬¾ҺھҲ̫ԶˡʦʦܷʲôǱҩЧʲô;ɡֲԱȻһЦ˵
Ͼ;ʦ˿ģҹʦǰųϢ֮ǿ¶ѷɫһҺˡһ͸ЩЩ̫ڼˡЩĵ˵
ʦֻҪûваֶΣ˿Һھ磬Ҳı¡ϾУʦҲûжٵġ߷ʳʲôǱҩҲԼѡĵ·ҵ޷ġմ󺺳ĬƬ̺ȴ˵Ļص
Ȼʦ֮죬ҲЩԾֻ˵ʦԼĻԵСѣǲģһҲˡǷ˷ǱֶΣҲҵܲĵˡٺ٣Ϸʱа취˿ģҲԲġʦҲ˸Ƿÿɷ˵
ţλʦ˵ҲеʦӦҲֻ޹ЩСɶѣھ绹жξģпյʱһɡʦʮֿأһϣҪôֶΣ̫ˡɫ仯һ󣬲Żͷ˵
˻Ȼûˡ
ˣʦ֡ʦϢˡӵıԽó˰ɡʦֶϣ֮Уմ󺺺Ȼһµʵ
ҲŸոսӵʦ崫صϢѾнˣµѲδѡСֱԪħŵɷӣһڵİۣȺˡӣΪμ֮˽϶࣬ѡηǳϸԻδнʦ廰˼߳ӼʵڲġڵмϣġϾͨ齣ڣʹԪħŵȣҲѷɫ̫ġŴʣüͷһ̾һĻص
ԭˣ̫ϧˡѡΣʶ۱ʵĻ˵ʦвСеġմԣЩź˵
ѡûϸƣҵһľʦˡϾ˵߳ȷʵԶԶġͬ¶˼ֿϧ֮ɫ


326 Һ
߳ʵʵҲֻǺȻҪһЩϧһѡӣʵǿ̫أǱΪҪҪмʽ׻ڲֵġҵȵƼʦܣҲֱӱƴ˸ܾġʦֳһºҡҡͷ˵
ʦ֣ʦû׻ڵĿ𣿡ֲ˿ԶɽͷȻһ䡣
ʦãԼأţûֱӻش𣬷һ䡣
⻰͵û˵ˡȻ֪˵ʦµģСҲͽˡʦߵһ侪ʵֻҪܽҺڣһҺڶҲ޷κˡԱ˵ȻһϢġСúʦֻЩҪһȸһˡֲЦһ󣬾ͺմ󺺸ǵ뿪ˡ
ſŶԶȥӰüȴ΢΢ˡ
ʦúʦ㲻ӵӣ˵˲˾ãҵȾ˵ĺϢˡʦȴЦ
Ŷʦúʦܶ˹ϵѾָ糣ˡԣɫһʵ
ΣҲ̫˾ͺ岢һս󣬵ĽƺѾ⿪ˡʦҡͷԵ˵
ԭˣʦܺʦԭǽͯŮһԣֻΪһСᣬŸԵڡƾԲҲһϲɺص顣һ룬ЩȻ˵
Ҳͷĳơǡ
棬˼󣬾ͬڿ뿪
ͬһʱ䣬֮Ѩнһɺں۾ǿϲı顣
վһգ̴ıٶһ˫ۺ󣬵ȫһĴ
˿ڷúѪͷ­ƵҺȻ޳ڤĵһ㡣
˿ΪҲҺڻһξ룬޳ڤһͬʱˮɰĽ׵ھ磬һ㶼ûʦᵽүƿ
Щ֮࣬ЩȻ
ڤΪ½̫ŵĵϵȻƿ׾ͽ׵˴ھ硣
ʣĻҺҲǴпܵġ
̫½ϣҲ˲õĴڣóһ̶ֳȡ
Ͳ֪ڶڤǷ׵ͻƵƿ
һ̾ȴ֪˳ĽףȻڤʹ½Ҳһżϳ˵ţģΪ嵱߽ڳԾδ֪һֺһ
ϾߣǴͽԼõģȻ̫ġ
ȻֻǴҴҵһ죬ϿʵϲһĶ츳ػѾѷɫһˡ
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ֽĸʵȻҲм֣һʮֿ̣֢øҲǾѰҩ޷Ͷߵɱȵġ
ȻһУȴӦԼھʱ˷ظı仯
Ŀɨ˸һ󣬵ֳ岻Զһɫʯһץȥ
䡱һ
ԶɫʯӦıѶΪһʯ
üһָһϣֳʮʯڣһĶȥ
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ڷԽԽܸܵڤǾľ˺ôˡ
Ժ˷ȱʧȻӵźˡ
ڤǾЧȫĻֻһͨҲ׳Ϊеķ˫޴ˣΪԽԽߣҲԽӵľˡ
ȻʮϧܿһĽ·ԺϺ󣬵ͽʶС
ֻʶУڰɫĻ챮Ǹɫɳ©ͼȴȻһЩ仯
ԭտҲɳ©°벿֣˿Ѿ˱һʮɫɳ
Σ̾һ
ɫɳ©ʱŶɫɳ飬ǰѾˡ
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ϾѾ֣ɫɳٶȷǳ͹̶ɳٶȼʱ仰ҪпϷɳġ
ڣǡǡǰһαȡʱǲġ
ڣڸոսڳɹʱڵ̫ķ顣
һʶĴڹһһɫ伮ƾոֶһҳҳķ
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327 ݷ
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ʱѽʱԪħħƤöֱڼн˳ۣȡԼĪʯ
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Щ˹ȿڣһݹ⣬뿪ݷС
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һĵ˵ͷ϶ݹһ֣һͷƬɽ֮С
ɽһƵСɽ֮У׵ĳ۵ʯڴһڣȻų齣һбһʯֱͨͨɽ


328 ѡ
Ϸһ˼ɽƣϡ
һɽУĳ۵ɽڣ˴ȱ𴦣ƺΪŨһЩ
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һΣվ˷ǰˣһ󣬻طۡಡһΪһĳݷзȥˡ

ԵҲδλ֮ڣƴ½ֻƫһǣ׺еһ죬֮Ҳͨġ
һºٴλص
һη֮УջķᣬɹöҺĲ㹻δ⣬ͬʱڷо¥дķзģƴеӣѡϢˡ
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˼󣬱ʯڣʼϢ
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һգֶҩͿĨȫ׼ʼɳ֮ʱĳֻƤȴˡˡ


329 ħͷ
ԵԪħ֮ؾռУ­ħͷһԵɺ֮£Ϲŷӡħ֮֮ҽ󣬱һֱƤг˯
ڼ䣬Ҳͼ֮ͨϵ­ȴһֱûеõκη
ںͨʶɨӹƤں󣬷ħͷȷֻڳ˯޴󰭣ŷ
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­ѣһʵ˷ܲѡͬʱѰħͷҲĶƻ

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һ˼Ҳ͸ڣû뵽δţˡ


330 
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ǬˣЩʵͬ˵˼仰ڷּһʱ󣬲Щ˸ȥ

һΪƫԶƧĳʯУһ˫ĿӨǵɫװŮӣޱϥš
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ݼҶʦ塣ʯſԶԶĳҶüһ˵
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ʵҶüڼǰͨµӣҲ֪Һڵ飬ʯңʶɨӹ󣬷ɢϢȴͨʦڵӣвһ档
ǰЩ뿪źȥһ½ԪħڣڼȷҲһЩԵգգ۾вɫĻص
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ҶʦʾԾһһɫ˵
˼ƴ½֮ϣȴ׺֮֮С
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ȻѴŴ˽⵽νƴ½ȷʵ˲׺еǧ֮һˡ
ƴСҪĺв¶ʮ֮ࡣЩǱǿռš
׺֮г֮ǰ壬Բ׺ԳƵǿ岿壬Ѵ浤ڵĺʴ˵ȿֲĴڡ
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ʱһȥϱ齥粻һ󣬲̾һĽӶͷһŲ
ԭȷƴ½ϣڲ׺֮һԪĺϡ
Ԫڲ׺ƫλãƴԼĪ֮ң
ӿи·һֻ͵ĺ̾ںУʶ
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ԪԴҲʮֵķḻĵرҲԶƴ½ɱȡ
Ǻȴɺ塢塢ԼһЩ干ͬռݣʮֵ߻ӡ
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˱óƻ棬˶Ķʦź֮ϸϣԾȴмӡ
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׫iΪ׺ʦԶƷףʩӵĽƶΪһ¯Ͼͻᱻһյġ
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һƷǼΪľ˵ò⣬滹̺ĳЩƣֻҪԼӼߺ󣬱ֵܵһ̶ȵľؼĻܿ˵Ķᣡ


331 
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˵ϴЭӹþ󣬴ҶüõöԶп֮Ч
ЩҲʱʱֵɫţԱ⡣
ҲֻȨ֮ơ
һЩһƷǰǸ乹ɶвĺӰ治ֹһֻӡ
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ţһ󣬲һ̵Ĵӳ˼Ŀ䵽ǰҶüϡ
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Ŷʦֶ־˼ĻȻҲᷴԵġеΣտܻԤϡҶüţƺм⣬¶֮ɫ˵
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һţûнӿڡ
ΪҶüȻѾἰˣǿ϶Ὣ³׸
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Ҫ֪Һʿ˵绯ʿϡ٣κһҲǺĵĴڣʵС
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лҶʦˡԣʱϲûж࿼ǵĴӦ
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ȳȥɣºʱԻ֪ͨ㡣ҶüĿ΢΢һ٣㳯˰֣˵
վҶüһ֣ǳ
ѺʯĺƺѵõҶüĴԸͬ΢˼󣬱ͬ뿪Ҷü԰ڵʱסˡ

ʯ֮УһɫװҶüţ˫ĿӨǣ΢΢˸¶˼֮ɫ
սʯҵһ˲䣬Լܵ΢Ϣٴγ֣ƺȵǿô֡
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ִ߶Ϣɨϸٴȷɽȷɡ
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ҿһѼƷ½Լǿ˽Ϣˮ飬ټϷ˵ĳƤףҰ׹Ы­ҲѽҺڣԪһУҪЩǿġ
˵Ҷü˵ǿͬУݺƴĻΪӦòԼ;֮ǣ׺֮бϾͬƴ͹ԪѵõϢ己࣬߻ӣеıɾ̫ˡ
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ʵڲеĻҲԿǽöƽʿطöԱʥ֮ѳۡ
ĻҲҪðСķա
ϾԺǿ֣֮Ҳ֮ǱԪк̾ᣬڲ˹ע˵ȻҪȫЩС
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ΪһˣҲֵļΪʵЩ켸ȫڸ¥֮Уȥһ˷вɹһЩ֮⣬δ

ºһηۻһ׹⣬ڼһ·򶫷ɳ۶ȥ


332 ɫ
ºƴ½߾ͷһηڸ߿ռС
վڷǰ˵һ۾Ĵ̽š
Ҷüͬг
һɫװҶüʱڷۺĿţƺ⾰ɫĮĵӡ
Ǵ˵еĲ׺֮ﰵɫм˷ܵӡ
һȥǱˮɫһͷӡ
ޱߵĺ棬֮ǰֻĿúȻ顣
ʱʱת׻һۡ
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ڴ˵˶ʮ꣬һͨ꣬ɾһʦ׺˵Լͷ·ϰ㣬ʵһСڡ
Ͼ׺֮⣬졢ġħ˵Ĵ½һЩռݵĴδ½ҲԶƴȺܱġ
Щط塢ħ壬ضʵ˵ģһҺڣǸֵһˡ
硣
һЩζĺЩ૵˵
˭ԭΪԼѾ֮أȴȻԼֻ죬п¶ûʲôζ
ʦֶ򣿡ڷۺ󷽴Ҷü֪ʱ
ֻһɫװ溣΢΢Ʈһ˫ӨǵĿĿԶʣһһȾĿ֮С
Ҷʦ壬ھ޳֮Уᵽ̫֮ƷɽļƷϣ֪Դ˲Ƶķɽʲôر֮ûлشʲôҶüɽ֮
˵ԪɽҶüתͷֻͷԶգƺʵ
ӱɲؾ˽йƷɽ֮֮£֪ʦνġԪɽй֮šԪɽʱһȴɫĻص
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תͣš
ʱҶüһ˫Ŀѵĵ
ԪɽʵǷĳˣȥĻǰԼ߱ΪƵļɿ԰֮ȡ׼ġ衯ʱķɽ
˵գһɾ˵ĽϢȻɢʱо︽һ΢΢
ҶüƺʶʲôϢ漴Ȼֹӡ
ˣҲһ亹
ҶüҲ⡣
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˽⣬Ҳһƴ˽нˡֻǰβûзʲô
ǡɽ͡湬ɽƿŵϡʯԴ븽ҲһЩ湬ƿһıػأٻһֽС¶桱ıػ
ڵȻѣҲûʲôһЩСҲԪ䣬ǿάһľ档
ҲòٸΪ֮أ׷Ҳô˵ӣҲٲʢ֮

˷պ󣬿ڽ׺Եʣ֮вʱַ硣
Ϊ˲Ӱг̣ҶüƷھ뺣ʮ߰ɵĵͿշС
ҲɱʹһЩ޵ϮһЩͽڵĵͽ׺ޣżɼһֻҺڵģҲǳΪ
ҶüȻǲмڳֵģȫֶ׵Ľˡ
ԴȻ飬ϾĺķᣬõԪϣ˵ҲһʲС롣

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ͷһֻۣۺ˵ҶüһܲʵӣԹԵϥֻεĿЦѡ
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ͻȻֻӰһģֻХУǰһڣһƬɫС
ɫ䣬ѾסһɫĶ̽ͻȻɳĽâֻһ㱣ͻΪƬ⼤ĳ
һزҽУ
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һֻ̣ϿӰһΣθֳֶǰһУһźһץסΪһ\Բ顣ֽԲָսɫһ֣˵Ļȭ·ݿ
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֮һХУݲĵŤתӴӣһХУԶӴܶȥ


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һԭԤϵҪ絽˼ա
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ΪԶǼˣϢȻע⡣
ҶüδϢɢ䳬׵ʣòޣ˿ʼ˽ʱͶһЩĿ⡣

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ֻǹԪĴͼע˺֮ϼͳǳԼһЩؼĴŷֲλá
ز˶ԣܱûеǿ
֮ͨǰõϢͼϵҵ˾ʦ׫iڵĳǳصλá
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⼸λʿҶüòƺΪߵӣԵϷһ
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Ҷü·δһ㣬˪Ũ˼֣һ
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ǰһһâʹӶ˶ݹ⴦һ˲ͽǶƬնɱˡ
Ҷüһâ伤أһģ󣬾ͻΪһڳɫһûвӰ
¥¥ĿһУ׷дݣ޼ɵĿ⿴Ҷüˡ
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ΪڵǿߣһȻֲܡ
ҲλڻڵŮ޵һʶ
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Ҷüʼնδλʿһֻۣޱվһ㻯ΪһɫݹĴӴһܶ
״Ҳ֪˵زٴһ漴ΪһɫݹǰҶüȥ
˻عѲ֪ˡ

ۿСʮ⣬һƬɫϿա
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ˣǸմӸۿС뿪Ҷü
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ǼȥǾȽнףѵ˾Χڣػڸĳǳ֮һŵ㡣մ뾧˽Ӵ΢һ㿪ڴ
ʦֶԲϷֻһǳأϳǣλӦǾġֻȸϵУҵִ˱ǵĵط±֪һˡҶü˵գһ˫Ŀ֮о˸ѡ


334 Ѫ
Ԫ
һɫɽ
ɽĳһֱƵľɽֱ֮ߣΡ쳣ΰӡ
ʱ֪ɽ֮УıھһЩӿݵİӣͨǰѶȥЩбұڿȥͨԼͨɽ֮ͨ룬ұϵİӲкۣҲϡ
ֻżദƺڶµĺۼ
鲼ұ࣬ȴʼһһСĵɫĹâ·һſɫǳһ㣬֮ͨҲ·һ㵭
ײʯûҲʼڶ
ԭ˴Ȼɽ֮еһ亱ȻԾʯֻĳͷʮƵĿ󹤣ľګֳһڽĳͷĬĬĿţű߲ʱһЩϸϸʯһȥƺ壬Ҳȷ塣мƺʿӣȴδ˿Ϣϴ
Ȼһײһʿģ󹤣ѵڵһˡ
ԱߵĿ󹤣ûһۣеĹһϰΪˡ

ͬʱΪԪ֮һľϷԶĹϳĳһͨɲ֪ʯɵĸߴʯУһɫ۵ĸߴӰһģˣһöɫڶͷ֮ϡɢϢȻһΪǿߡ
ιֻ佫ӶͷһŲ
ֿūˣЩƵһΣǼڳзѰ´ߣȥΪѺȥнɡֻߴӰֽ飬߻ĵԲϡ
ǣϴˣӦһ͵˶ִȥˡ
Ӱɱƺڳ˼ʲô

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ˣ΢΢һЦıתȥǰҲϰλҶʦʱ䲻ȵӡ
뿪ǸۿСҲѴ࣬;·ϣһ̽Ѷ⵺ϳһЩ˽⡣
ԪŨ쳣Ǿѵ֮أ˵ʿҲΪˣƴı֮ࡣˣ⵺ͨҲʱʯףʿͼֲˡ
ΪԪ֮һȴҲŽͬʱƿŵϡʯԴҲõ佻Ƶ
ϳΪ뾧ľݵ㣬䱾ɾΪ֮˲Ŀ̡ȻҲ֪˳ǵҪԣָһǿ߳򣬹ʶһ߶಻ڴ˳֮Ѱ£˵ˡǱǳأصֱӱǿͨǿᷨȥ麣һΪ֮
ϾڱԪֵطֻȭͷˣ˭ȭͷӲ˭ܴҲﾺӲϳܱߣһЩС̾ᣬвѰȡ
Щˡ˼

ʱ峿һֺڲԶһȦɫĹ䵽һ濿ɽһٺĳǳ֮ϡ
˳ĴﶼֹӿԶԶȥǽɵģнúɫĴʯɣԵ򡣴ʱȻ̶ӽˡ
ſվŵʮͳһ׵ɫȻעЩ֮ˣϸţʱ̸šȻֻּҪ߶ԵġЩȥˣȴ˹һµġ
ЩϴŵĿףʵɫͷβȫʵʵĴƺͬһ֮˵ӡνļ飬һʽصľӣ׼Щ˵֮ɨӸͣ
ϳǵĸ߿֮У䲢δһЩĻһĽơ
ƫƫǳϿտտҲȴδκһݹֱӷԾʮɸߵĺʯǽֱӽȥġ
Ҷü˷۲δֱӽ䣬ڿԶԶһ󣬲ڸĳ¡
ΪͣȻصıʲô
˲Ϣ˳С

˿̵ĹϳڽֵͷַܶǷ
ÿſڶġ
˾룬ӦòˡҶüߵĳϺվ·ֹǰˡ
üҶһûѯʲô
ֻҶüһһһСİԲ̳һһԲ̿ʼ⣬Ƭ̺һ΢ӰԶһɶ룬Ҷü״üչԲ̿ȥ
ԲͨЩ͸һӰζѣ㻺ͣ£ָĳ
Сʱ󣬶Բ̵ָ֮£˹ϳĳһΪƫƧĽֵԣһҽС̲Ŀջſڡ
һջǲܽƧĵضεģϾĻʲôšĳЩԸע֮˵˴ѡ
ִ±ǵĵطӦñǴ˴ˡҶüޱվţͫ΢΢һ˵

ջĳľͥԺ֮С
Ժ˸ִдĻľ˴Сһĸɫ֪ܡ
һʯС·ֱͨһ俴ƽĿͷſڡ
ͷУһһŮվϸʲôһ·ѰҶüˡ
ִµȷҲǽ֮ѡջشƫƧ̫ע⣬סԺҲƧһֻ豭һŶº˵˵
֮ǰջ˱ҿջƹһڴ¹ִµľ󣬱֪ǰȻǶڴ˵Ͷס
˵ʱסһԺ䣬һԸһµ󣬲ҪܴšչͲ˷ĪʧˡƹʱΪ£Ҳδ롣һ֮ں󣬻δ˳֣ƹŷƺЩͷǶ˷ҲδʱһȻ֮ˡڵ֪ǴԺѱס󣬲ҶüԸҵǼˣһչʵӲʩı㾪˼ˡ

һƺûʲô֡
˲δڴʲô
̾˿Щε˵
Ҷüδӿڣһһ֣һ˿Сзɳһģ󣬱ڰС
ֻҶü˫ֲͣ˼ھһһھѪ絽˿еСϣʱʢ
˳ɹĸλִµľѪһΧڣЧҶüɫЩ԰ףȴɫƽĵ
ֻС֮΢ž죬漴һ˸ִĴָСѪɫ漴ΪѪӰһ۵Ľһû롣
һȥǽ䴦ȻκѪ


335 ջ
ҶüüɫأκѪ۶δգһ¡
һ̤֮ʱʶѴ󿪣ͬԲڷΧһȫڡ仯ڵǿΪʱȴδйκѪ˿
һΣҪҶüǰҵǶ˵ס֮أϧԪ֮Ĵ߶˸߲ΪһǼִ¾ѪķҳκѪټ¸Ǻͷˡ
ˣĿǰ⼸κѪ֮⣬һʱȴҲ޷ҵʲô
ڿп˿Ϊ֪֮ʩչ˺ֶֹΣǶִйصĨȥˡ
ЩĺѪǶԷһʱѡ
λִʮа˾ȫ˲⡣ЩѪ̾һ૵˵
µȷЩ鷳ҶüĬƬ̺󣬻˵һУ˸ɫС㼤ɻʧ
ҶʦͨҵɵĿǰΪֹȴǳģӣ֪кδģ״Ŀ΢ʵ
ȻѾҵȻûĵˡҶü˫üһΪᶨ˵
ʦʲôҪҪЧ𣿡˵ɫԵΪϿҡ
ʦֶȻ˵ˣҵϳд̽Ϣ˽Ƿʲô쳣֮֮£пǵġҶüҲûпֱӻص
ǣƾʦԸԥĵͷӦ
֮򵥣пǣ滯ڵĴڡҶüһֻ˵
ڣĪǺ͵йأЩȻˡ
ͻڳ˹ϵðȻЩǻˣ˵ԼʵҺڣйЫħͷϻڴڣԲʤ㣬֮ǵӡ
Ҷü¶˼֮ɫһʱû˵ӣЦЦ˵ִҲҺʿܽϢĴӿջ°߻ɱ֮ˣʮа˾Ҳֻл߲ҲĿǰ²⣬ǷˣҲδ֪ġڳߵʱûǽһĺá
лҶʦ嶣ԻСĵģ˴΢΢һݵ˵

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ڶһ磬ɫƽ߳˱̲ջʼŹϳǵĽֵһҼ̵鿴
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ϳȻ޷͵Ķһϵĳǳȣ֮ҲΪˡ
㻨˴ʱ䣬ŽСתһ顣
Ȼвٵջ񣬲ҵһЩԾʯϡȱϣйʿʧٵϢȴ˿ûС
Դ˵ûж֮⣬һֱŵȻɫ

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ȷʿʧ٣ȴˣһЩ֪ߵغĵͽɢޣڳڸ̻һԲϷѲϳΪͶˡ
νʧЩʱʱ˱ȥȿӱΪūģڹϳ˾֪飬һҲἰղˡ
αϢĳԪִµӣڸۿСһ֪ŮնɱһҺڸøʬȫ޵³Ǹ߲ԴʮŭɳڳǰԪ¡
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Ӵ¾ӸʲôһĲɵɢӡ
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⡱¥Ĵ
ʱһݿݣɫƵĻߺһСǼΪۣƺдһ˿ĻŮ¥ݿڴ֡
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游ѹȥˣûǵϢջ֮еȷûκ𣿡ŮȻ˵
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ǻ᲻ᲢδסǼҿջŮƺĵʵСࡣ
⵹ǲ̫ܡǰÿһϳʱס⡮ԪջģջϰҲʶԸ쳣Ϊأδ֮£̫סİջġ߳Ƭ̺󣬲ŵش
Ǿʱʧٵģ᲻ΪЯЩʯ˼ıˡŮʵЩ٣΢˼֡
ϳǺÿ¾ᶨڴѶڱƽֻǾŸǰһԴϳǲɹȴһֱûϢءʶڲǰ̽ġǷΪʯԵʳ飬ȴ̫˵ˡϾڱǺϡģˣ͸ӵĲ׷ˡô˵ĿǰɺͷȻٴӳɡ˵ʱ΢΢̾Ϣһ
˵ֻȻ취ˡŮ˵ʧ龡ϡ
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ǿֻһţ㽫һĻԻڶС
дϢȴ˲С𶯣
벻Ĳһһȴ¥Եɺµõ˵һϢ
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ϳʮһֵĻĵ֮ϡ
һȥĵ֮ϳ˹ĴСʯͷ⣬ݲ
˫֣˫Ŀǰһͫ΢
ǳ¥һ·β˳ǡ
Ȼٴ˶˽ĵ֮һһپͻȻʧˡ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ͷų̽
ȻǿľȻû˿ֵӡ
ڴ˿ֻ̣ǰһģһӰһԵмǺӰٶȼ죬ʱ䣬ǰ顱һײϡ
䲻һ֮£һɼΪ񱩵к£ȻǿᣬҲһ˺
һײȴδʲô˺һߺȻһվסˡ
ֻڸղűײλãԼһӡ
˫΢΢ɨĴĺӰ֮ϡ
Ӱԭһ֮ͨɫƱһؽƴһ㣬ڴСƬ˸ɭĹâȻȴȻһֻޡ
ڴ˿̣֮󻺻߳һλߺһλŮ
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ǻһƽȴ΢΢һǰ꾹ȻԼ޵͵ϮЩ⡣
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ԷΪޣȻǿһЩӦҲԶԸġ
Ůƣޱֻǵһתָʱһ屬
֪ʱٽʲôûõġ
˵Ҳ֮ˣԼ׷ٺ϶˵⣬ǿеʧ֮ǹϵǳһ㷽϶Լʲôԡ
ʱҲֻܶЩֶβЧˡ
һߣͬûϻ֮⣬ַһǾһָ
޶ʱ췢һءβڵϡ䡱һҶ£һģٴλΪһӰͬʱռУһƵ
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ϺȻŨŨĺӿͷһת֮󣬱Ƿɿ۳һɫӰֻڸһͺȻһ£ұ֮ϡ
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ɣֱһһȭżټľһҶ
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һĻͫ΢΢һƤɲضһ¡
Ҫֻ֪޲ޱȣһּӲ쳣ĺƣӲ̶ѳԽͨ
ȴ赭дؾͱ˺ˡ
ΨһĽֻǰʵʵɲ⣬Լɵеġ
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ͷܾҺڵʵҲûмͷģȻ᲻׵ıٵ
ԣٺһЦȭͷһնغϵĺҲһûڡ
ǱҲǸɴһ˲仯ΪһâľأУâһģ֮󣬾ͻΪһźɫԲˡ
λѣԵʣһ·ˣ߶ʵȴмֹĳԱ߻Ůʹ˸ɫ˳һЩ룬ⱻǰ֮˵Ľ沨
Ů˵˳Զȥ
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⻰ɫ΢΢һ䣬׵һŮһۡ
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һֻһһʮĽºŮʵԱԪϲһСŵߣϷҲСƳۿΪֻǾŸǰȮӺ⼸˱ϳǣǾȹһЩԾȥ֮áԴ˱ڼ֮ȮҲǽ֮ˣ֮زڹϳжͣġԴ֮£ȮҲ֣г̾Ʋᳬµġδϵγ껹δأ֮ǰ˿ϢءϷŲϳ׷һġ
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ʵϷڳʱ䣬һЩʶ֪֮Ҳϳʧ٣Ҵ˵زɹ֮ˡʧ߶Һڵ׳ʿˣϷž뿪˳ǵġ߳Ƭ̹󣬱ŻصɫͬʱЩȻ
ƵҺ׳ʿʧ٣Ҷϳвɹ֮ʱ
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һֻ̣ӰһȻֱӺԶ룬һģĳ˻Ů󴦣ҡžһͷһƣһκ󣬾ͻûӰ»صԭ֮
̵ʯȻһŭģٴδ߶;ȴֻ˵һӰѣûմ֡
㵽϶ʲôֽţһ̧֣ӳһֻɫԲ򣬻ûһֻɫӥܺ󣬳ݺݵ˵
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Ϸ֪ģѾȫ߸ˡȭŭĶ
㣬Ȼòˡ뵽ʲô飬ɵϳǱ̲ջҡ
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游ǸôŮ̧ͷȥķɫм־ŵӡ
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߽ǻŮͷҿȻһɫıӡŮͷһ
游ոʵ𣬾Ȼ˼Ҳ֮ͻŮˣ򱴳һҧЩ޺޵ʵ
ӦһޣҾ֮еǿߣոһƻδȫӡԪҪд·ˡɫЩأ˵ձЯŻŮͬƵԶȥˡ


337 
̲ջǰԵЩ壬ż·⣬̷δһӡ
ʱһͨĻһ·Ҵҵſ΢΢һٺ󣬱һĽ˿ջ
Ǵӳһ·ͣϻصˡ
ֻһ̤ջ󣬱һ˼ԺӣֱһϰͥԺڣĳǰͣס˽Ų
ҶüסʱŽգλҶʦδصӡ
ˣ΢΢üͷҲδ⣬λŮҲһֱڲģתصԼУĵȺ
֮ϵ˶񣬽Ŵǻ߿֮зɿһ飬˱㿪ʼ侲ˡ
ĿǰõϢ˵ĪʧٵЩ˶ҺΪ׳ʿҴǵ˵زɹԴģƱض˲ٵʯʱѡ֣ҪôΪʯҪôΪˡ
ʯҲ˵ˣ˭֪Я˶ʯҲ޶ԵģЩ˼Ȼɳвɹ֮£ҲİطƲ¶׵ĵǡ佻׵һֵġȻΪһЩʯ
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ϾһЩΪ׷ǿʵʲôĲַġ
ǷǶ֮һֿܣ˵顣
ֹ֮£ԼҪЩСĵġ
˼һ󣬽һգʼĿ붨

պ
ҴһȥߺȻҶüһ䴫
ԣȻһ˳ȥ
ʱһϮµҶüվڿջſڴ
ֻδüλڽʺãҶü㲻ݷ˵תߡ
ֻÿЦһʹ˸߳˱̲ջ
Ҳ֪λҶʦҪȥˣ·ϣа˼š
Ծλߴ̽ϢЩô㿪ʼͨҶü˵Ҷʦ壬ڹϳд̽ϢʱһЩλִԵ޹ʧ֮йءң˹ϳǵľԴҲδôӡ
£һһʮմ̽Ϣ֪Ҷü
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ʯһֲ֪ھʯɵģҫ£΢΢ɢһΣӦв˲ٵĽƣƺ򵥵ӡ
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ҶüɫԭصȺš
ʱ䲻ڽŲִҴ˳ֻһֺõߣ˹ơ
Ҷü˵ĳȥȻҶü뵽˵֮ڡ
߹һȣʯС
ֻ˴ʳΣԼĪʮɴСŲٹ޵񣬴봦ֻһӼ˰ӣʹôޱȵĿտ䡣
ֻ֮Уվһɫ۵ĸߴӰڴķ򣬸ֶ
˽Ų߻תӣֻʱɫͫ׽ƣɢϢɲӣѹоҶüҲܸܵ
ȻҲһΪֲĻǿߣ
ߵòϣж϶ԷӦһˡ
·ϣѴ̽ʵҲһֽзѣǵò壬˵Ѫйء
෽棬ϣȷͨġ
壬ǿᣬΪܼʵһ̤֮·ҲΪдЧĹеʿΪƣȴʿвػʹ屼ͬնġ
ֻһۣӡһžʯ״ɫͼƺ˵ھ֮ݲ͵ӡ
֪ҶüĵطʲôطˣȻ˵Ǿڹϳڵƿڡ
Ҷüһߣɫ΢΢һƺҲЩ죬תۼͻָ糣ˣߵصԭѣþòû뵽㣬Ҳ̤˻ڡǿɺˡ
Ůԣʶǰߡ
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ȥ֮ȲᣬҽյЩҪġĸмҶüȴû㣬İִ˶ԷĻ
Ҷʲôʵģܿڣһ֪޲ԵġҲֵ֪ҶüƢԲΪ֣ͷ
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ʧٵľƴ˵λִ¡Ҷüʼˣһ˵
ԣϵļⲻɲضһ¡
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Ѿƴ˵ִǰڽϳǺûñʧٵģԭ;׵ġɵǷøһġҶüһЩƺʲô
ŶϷû뵽˵ִҲڳʧˡ⵹Щҵˡȴִ֪ڹϳǷʲôԹҲǱѰҲ˵ġϵɫЩŹ֣˺һ󣬲˵
ҶüԣɫһһɾƷųϢͬļޱȣ˵ô˵ȽһҪǲһ˵һα㲻һˡǡñ˲ųûãҲҪҸʾһġ
ҶӱˣҲֻ˵һѡҲűǲ˵ġʶԳǶʱշ飬ҵȷ̫ҪǲţԴһԴϷ˳ǺǷʧٹġ̾һ֮ɫ


338 ƴ
ѣô˵ƴ˵ִ¶ǹϳ֮ʧٵģǾȶҪЩϵ֪Ϊ⾧֮ҲԵ䳤ˣݣҪԴ˺֪ġҶü˸â˵
ţ˵ڹִʧ֮£ȻֲܵġҶӷģϷһ棬Ź˽ԭί󣬱ػᾡ˵ʹʱһ˺Ҷһ˵ġ΢΢֮£Ϊ֣صĳҶü֤
˵ȴ¶˼ı
ҶüԣһϢøΪüĶ˵ѵĻŪһСҲˣ㵱Ǻˣ֮ʣ
ҶӴЩˡҶüԣɫ΢΢Щͣæ˵
Ҫ˵أǷҲóһЩ˺úƭģҶüĿһ󾧹תÿɷĵ
ͱ֮ƣһΣûмſڣȴ粻ɫ֮ͫһ˿˼ͳ֮ɫ
Ҷüֻޱ俴Ĭ
һʱ䣬ʯһּȵİС
ֹ֮УʱһĹȥˡ
ˣɫȴЩжϡ
λȳϱض֪Щʲôȴƺʲô֮ӡ
һ㣬ѣҶüҲѿһˡ
Ǿĺá
ѣǵˣι󣬿ȻδһԥԥӣҶüȻЩȵĲͷˡ
̾ϢһĿһվһԵȻ촽΢˼£ƺԴķʽ֪Ҷü˵һʲô
ֻҶü֮ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ͼƣ˲˲١
һĻһԵУһ˿ɻ󡣵ݣ󻯾ǿߣȻڴʱѯʲô
Ȼǣˣֲɵ˼ˡһΣƴ˳ɵһˡʣµģһдˣǣϷֺġ⣬ҴеԪҪԴһµģλִδü֮¡֪ɵܷ󿪷֮ţҶü΢΢ͷлһ󣬾Ȼἰִʧٵ£Ǻ˵Դˣ̬Ի˲١
ƴ˲ϧɳҺִԶǰƵΪ˹Դġû뵽ûɾʧˡڵִµͬʱҶüȻ˳ԴҲһˡ
Ͼһ¹غƴ½δ֮ˣ˽ױ뾡ɲԴȫͻƴٵˡ
˵ǰ֮ʧ˴ʵʯЩʯƴ˶ԣ䲻СĿܳܵ
ŵҶüԣȻЩ죬ҲһЦضҶüӦеҶҪʲôԴܿڡֻҪ˸㹻Ĵۣһõġ
ʱ䣬Ҷü㽫ӡԴĿ¼һֱ׸ߡ
ǽҶüһɫ̣֪ԴһﱸȫͻͨϵģԴɹ۸ϣҲŵɸҶüһŻݡ
Ҷüûие⣬ֻлˡ
ʱ֮ͨĺ̸Ҳǰ߲ǾعϳǵĻǿߣǾ֮ʮڳ֮һ
Ծȵĵ̺֮ǿЩȻˡ
Ƶľ¾ǴһҲԶԶеġ
⾧ȲԪʵҲġ
һҲ֪Ԫƴʵ֮ǿƴ½̫ġ
ҶüڽԴһ¶̸֮󣬱߸ǣ뿪ʯˡ
ڷر̲ջ·;УҶüδһԡȻɫ糣ȴڲʱ²ǰߵ׸Ҷü˵ʲôôŮΪ֮ɫˡ
Ҷüƺ˼вһ֮£һεĹĻǽ˵ʦֶǷʷ״ʲô
һݣæͷȭص¹شʦ岻ֱ棬ȻԼĿǣҲ²ġ
˽ţ֪Ҳ󰭡ֻǶ⻹ǲҪŵĺáҶüɫ˵
ԣһ˿ɫֶȻĵͷǡ
ˣҶüɫԻЩŵ˵ղŲһСѡ

ЩȻˡ
ҲǾλ֮һΪڻڵӣҾ˵ʵɲ⣬Ѿ߱ͻǿһ֮ܡҶüƽһ˿â
ڡУȻһ
Ҫ֪ʵǿޱȵҶüΪҲֻڻڡˣھϾȻҶüҪ߳һ
ϳеҺʿʧ֮йأȻ׾ˡ
ҶüĿƺҲ̫ϵӡ
ŮˣȻ̽޵ݺ侪˵ķɽ֮
²⵽Ҷüʵ¾һ㻯ǿҲҪΪ֮ηֵģ˵ֻڻڵˡ
ʣµʱ䣬Ҷüûٺ˵ʲôһ·ص˿ջ
ˣʦֶҵһˡҶüǰŸո̤ţƺȻ뵽ʲô飬Ťͷ׼ݵ˵
һϵͷʵʵĽҶüС
ѯʣҶüѾڣʱ䣬ǾĻʱѾˡʦֶܻҪ絽һЩ׼һձ̣ǰ׫iסμǼˡ
Ҷüִʧٵ飬Ȼ˾ϣȻٲˡ
һ⻰һϲϳһǡ֮вЩڴúľĻˡ
Ҷü㿪ʼĿϢһ˳ȥ

գո𣬵ƿţ·֮ʱȴһۿǰѾ֪վ˶õİŮӣ΢΢һ
δǰҶüȴһһＤ
ʶĵһץָͶһɫơ
Ҷʦ壬ǣ۾գĶƿ˼ۣʵڿкãҶüʵ
ƴƣƴ˸߲ݵȻ֮޷ͬУִ·Ӧûóģ嵺һ㲻鷳ġҶü˵š
Ҷü˵Ȼƴ֮ˣ⼸Ĵ̽ϢҲһЩСæݣȻԸǷС飬˳ֽʱ
ԣȻϲйл󣬾ͽСպãһֵ˵֮ԣ뿪˿ջ
úͳ˹ϳǵĳţ߳Զһųɫۡ
һΣվ˷ǰ˴һߣΪһƿշˡ


339 
һɫ۾һƬǧɽϿգΧɫǲԴ̣쳣
Ȼǰվһʮ꣬ɫȴ΢΢ЩϵĻ޷Զǰ߰˿ų
ǲ뿪ϳûõ
ڷǰһƬ𺣣Լɼƴߣҽк󣬾ͷ׷׻Ϊҽκ촫ˡ
ʱһ˦ǰȫɢˡ
һ·Ǽʶ˱ԪҺ޷졣
ϳʿʧ֮£Ϊע⣬㽫ΪεͽڴԲӡ
ÿһ·һЩ۵ļһǰѰơЩ˵ʵҲǿǱֶλɱˡ

һգطϵ˫΢΢ԶԶ·һģΪӴķС
ڵˡһٿط콵䡣
ʱһòͨĻУУ˿Ĳۡ
ǰ;У֮ͨڡȺ׫iҲ˴µ˽⡣
ɺ湬ֱӿƵıԪ֮һ
λųƲ׺ʦ֮һľ׫iͬʱҲȷʦĴڡ
һɨ֮£ǷеĽȻʯɣ֮£ԼһȦȦĻҰɫΣʹЩ쳣ĺʵͼӲ
;֮һӶݣк湬־׵ļʿѲš
Щʿȫޱ飬ϼͬʯͷĽӲҰף·Ѫ֮һ㡣
΢΢һɨ֮£㷢Щ湬ʿȻΪȫҺ£Ϣ쳣Ź֣һֲƻ˰Ĺо
Ǻ湬պѪʿ˵ΪȻ̫ߣҺƣһ˺
Ѿ˵湬ִѪʿ˿΢΢ЩԾ湬Ȼ򵥡
ûһͬʱ֣ȵ൱֮࣬ÿ߼һӡ
ÿ̱Ȼһʦġ
һԣΪһʦΪ̣һͨʱջۣԼ϶ѳġ
ڵڣʦҲλʦһѣ⻹ȫĽ
ʦһֱΪϡٵԭ֮һ֮Уǰһ³֮ʦⲻЩȻˡ
֣ؽ̳۵ĶҲԸΪҶҪչҲǸϣҩ֮ϣǲ̫ӡ
ȣǵ鴫
ʱ㽫һЩתһȦ˳һһЩļ۸ˡǣڹһ֮

һɽƫƧ¥ڡ
ϥڴϣ˫΢΢ƺ˼ʲô
˶ʦض󼸺ģһЩϡеϡ
˵ţһתóһƴСĳɫӡڳɫһκ󣬺Ӵ򿪣ʮһѹ䶯Ӳëֳ
Ǳӡľħ֮㴦õʮӲë
ڵõЩӲëҲʱδ򿪺Ӳ鿴ЩӲëһҿƷ󣬾ܻͬŤѣ·һɫСһ㡣
ȱ;ԵĲϣȻҲֻǵһ˵ͼǲʣҲ֪Ϊϵϡ̶ȡ
Ϊ˾Ĵ׫iǼ㽫óȡ㹻ʯֱҲδɡ
㲻ôöʥ֮Ѻͽױˡ
ţһƵһóὫһɫӲëװ˺С
Ȼ֪ɫӲëֵƣҲ޷׼ȷֵ˱ڹһҵ̼Գۡ
ͷһһ󺺵ģ߳˷ݣһҿΪɵĵ˽ȥ
ҵ֮ͷܶΪӡ
λ빺ǳϣһһж̺ƹģʿǶк
ⶫƹĸһÿɷ˵ţóǸװǸɫӲëУὫӴ򿪣ȴֻƹһ˿Ķ
ƹһƻľħӲëʧɫ˵ѣȵżƷϢƬָ̣ļʦ˲ϡ
ͷޱƹ߽ż¡
һһӻ׵Ŷ룬΢΢ЦЦֵԭλҪϣȻʶϵŻôֵģŵù࣬뽫ȡ࿴һ
ͷ𷨾һΣӱд򿪡
һŤĺëӡʱͫ΢΢һȴǿƽ
ǿȻɫȫ뵽С
߻ߵߣһһŻɫӱһУһͬʱд
ۡһ
ɫжʱƹ⣬ܿͽеĺɫӲë
ֻɫӲë΢΢תһڵĹâ֮ǿ׳ĻɫӱɵƿʼתΪɫ
һĻҲ޷е𾪣Ͽʼ¶ȻͿ֮ɫ
зǣѣϵĽ϶ʱѡ

Ϣ֮߻ջӣɲŨŨ֮ɫ֪һĻ쳣Ѿ˶ԷУɴʵ˵ѣɫӲëȷһĲϣȻ෬Ҳ޷ȴضƼƷѲˡɣԸ⽫۸ָԳʮʯչ
ʮʯ
ԣҲ΢΢Щľȴɫ˿¶ֻһЦ˵۸Ȼٺú˼һ
ԵͷȴǿЦѣԼոڼʱδܿȻöԷƼˣҪõɲ׵ˡ
ȺŵļƷϣ˭˶ᶯݵġ
ˣ˵׫iλʦһĴᣬ֪μĴʲô󣿡һ󣬶
ҪСμ⾺ĴҪôǴﵽҺڼϵΪҪôĪһҪйе̼Ϊ䵣ҲСߺɵ˵ϾҲʲôܣȻûҪ
ˣ΢΢һ
ڵʵֻҺڣȻǲϷһΨȥڶˡ
ǣ˵ʵεȾΪһ׫iʦƵҪΪҵһ£ⶫ۸񣬵ܿġ
⻰üͷ΢壬а˼ж麱Ľɫէ֣ضǷɲܱǼϼһˡ
뵽һ˵ҲգԴӦΪ㵣ҡ֪жҪʯ
ʮ򡣡˼˵
ʮԶԶܸļˣɣѺϷһʮΣϼ΢΢һ㽨
ĬȻڵ˵ͷãɽ


340 
һյ蹤ҵ˳жһɫƣӡźʹ˵ͬıʶͼ
֮⣬ϵУȻ˶ʮöƷʯ
õʯּһЩ̣˳չһЩԼΪõϡ
ϧǣΪĵйƷɽĶײϣȴһ
ʹУɽȻǼϡȱ֮޷Ѱġ
պͻصԼסʼ
ڴ˺ʱڣ׫iĴٽȴʼۼԽԽߡǻȺвٶصģƺ֪Լݡ
ȵ˵ֻҪЩ˲ڹ£Ȼ޶õġ
ʱй׫iһЩţҲ֪ʲôй¶ɿڹд￪
˵׫iܹƳһƷƷһƷ
еȲ˵ȻֻǼƷΪкֵܵӻܿƶᣬȻʹ˴Ȥġ
ƷҲһˣ̺֮࣬ﵽƷܴﵽļ¡
һƷδ˵ǺεȱݳòǼ亱ĳϫܽ𡣶ôֲƳһˮˮԹ֮˻޾ĪЧǼи޷ֵջ֮˴θǳԱΪ׺ʦ֮һ׫iֵ֣֪֮֮ˡ
ȻǶ߻˵һƷͬҵҲҪϧĵֵġ
ĳһ䲼ŵ᷿Уĸ߰һĺˣۼһһľ׳ӣڽʲô
ʲô˴κµҲˣĿҲΪƷһӽ꣬Ϊ׵һߣĿ¶׹ĺݺ˵
ڴˣͿһϳǰǵ׷ɱǧ֮ң廯ǿߡ
ֻʱǰӲ֣ȻΪڽ׷еķ𣬵ԪԵʡ
ǵģˡ¾ῴǰˣǺ»սеݡҪСĻĿ죬»汻ǿˡ׳ӹĻص
ߣʣ϶ҲΪƷġţǺ˵ѽ׵浤ԭȼڵ֮ʱٻĴѰҺʵ˼ѳڴ˵أضΪóϫܽƵļƷģϾʱҲˮޣôġһ˫üڴֵĺ帾ԣЩݵ˵
ȻһԵˣΪ˶𡣴˴ҵƴͷһΪ£ֻɹʧܵġԣɫһֵ˵
Ϸģһ峤󿪱֮ţҵʵ˲ϡϣԻȡһƷġ帾ԣٺһЦ˵
˿ɲҪСݣĻݾȻԵˣ϶ƷҲڱصõģҵҲĪ̫ˡҡҡͷ˵
Ȼ֪УҪõƾҺͲġߣԭһɢˣܺҵЯᲢ۵ġȴЩƲƲ˵
ŮȻΪҺڣƺ⣬λǿû̫η֮ɫ
Ŵԣֻǵͷûж˵ʲô
֪ǼȻƷײߣӦú֮弫ΪģпܵĻͽҲɡ帾һתףһֱ׶ĳŮЩе˵
л̣ܵõĻȷ޴󷨣ֵġŮ̧ȻһЦ˵
ֻʮͣüǣۣȻ⣬Ӵˣں㷢ɢͷһһЦ䣬һֵǵľ֮С
ǵΪϸڵŮ

һЩʯڣһ۴󺺺һȹš
㿴ˣ͵͵ŵСӣǺ֮ˣ۴ʵ
ġеĺСûһǧҲа˰ˡϢʱһҺĺСҪ´ݾЩѪʿע⣬罫һɱˡȹ˱зһмߣɫ¶ĵ
Ȼĸң϶ǵԭеĺˣͲ׺Щˡ۴˼˵
ʴѽ浤Ҫ֮ʱ٣شһʱգǲ׺ţȹһЦ˵
˴ҵȶ˷ˣԴ˼ƷҲڱصõģʴô˱ؽ绢ԺȻܳưԲ׺Ըǲ׺廹Ǵ´ġ۴󺺳Ƭ̺󣬻˵
Ȼʲô׺壬ޣȹЦĲм֮ɫ
ΪԷһʧܵĻֻõڶ׼ƻˡ۴󺺺Ȼһת˵˵
Ȼ㾡ܷȥμǣһУһһƷȻɲҵĵġȹЦһЩص˵
ͬһĻ⼸֮طţĵƷ뷨

º󣬾֮ڵˡ
ֳǵԣ߹հ˹յȵĳ䣬һ¶ڴ
վһ֮δż룬ֻǴŶڴ
һЩ󶼱סĿľߣע£С
ԼҲѸͷһ󺺣ųһ㵭סԼΡ
˵زɭϣѱؽƣǵƹԣ湬ɳ󻯾ǿ˵ء޷ߵġޱİ˼
ڿƣǲ̫˸µģֻǳ⾺Ļ᳡ɾ˵ˡ
ֻҪδȣӦû԰ȫġ
ţһҲڴȥ
˼ȻɫһһɨһۣƺʲôƵġ
ֻڲԶӰվһȹŮӣһɫɴӰȴһЩЩİָо
ŮǡЩȻһʱ䵽벻ԷȴѾߵڴע£һ˳
տڴһһϵıǺ󣬾͵ͷһߣ˽ȥ

ʱ䵽ĴῪʼ
һͳȴдԵǰ̨ϴ
ԭЩ˽ĵ¶Уѻȸˡ
ֻһ쳤ۣЩƣòͨӣվǰĸ̨֮ϣһĴ֮ɫ
ЩǣֳŵڶѰڷźõڶʯϡ
ȫĸߣҲֻжٶӣԷֳƬɢڶ߸


341 ϫˮ
Ĵֳ֮٣Ҳûио̫֡
ϾҪҺΪй̼ҵֱɸѡ󲿷һǴֵߡ
У²ٻͬߴͬһ֮ˣ־ߣӦûһ֮
ʹˣ޷ΪģʮλӣƷƾɢϢеЩߣҲ֮߰ࡣ
˵ػǲԻԼһҪһٶʮֵСģ
ԿЦһ˼š
ӭλǰμĳ˵ᣬҾͲ˵ˣλҲ֪ģ۸ߵʯ㣬øֲϱ֡
׫i
ʯ̨򵥶ڷѺɫľϣһźɫЦߵĺˣҲϢɲ⡣
ӦñǺ湬󻯾ǿˡ
׫i˵պһͣ٣Ŀɨһ»᳡ˣ˵ȻҶû飬Ǳ㿪ʼɡ
ֻһһгУһ¶һ߳ķɽС
һƷƷѪɽԪѪ֮Ч̺ʮؽơ׼۶ʮʯÿκ۲õһʯ׫iޱĵ˵
һֳһƬȻ
Ҫ֪ǹжԲҪΪ̵һ֣Ҳͬʿг͵ĴڣҶʮؽƵĽѾʮֽӽڼƷˡ
Ȼʮʯ۸񲻷ƣһڷɽ˵ȻǴΪﳬֵġ
һĲȴ΢΢ЩʧλϱĿ
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡

ȻƷɽһֳһ̧ۡ
һҽ𣬴˷ɽʮһĸ߼۱һŶҵŮߡ
ϣƷҲһɫСһɫƤףҲǶʮؽƵƷֱĳʮʮۡ
֮ˣȻΪһС⹦ЧһϡеķұǱɽһؽƵԵˡ
вЩȻˡҪ֪һļƷҲһٶʯѡ
ЩƷᾹ˹ĳ߼۸񣬿׫iʦͷ鴫
ļƷƷ̺ʮؽơ
ʱ׫iһóһľС
ֻ䵥һģиǵһ¶һͨӡƵɫСֻСӣ쳣Լɢһ˵Ϣ
˵ƷϷǧƷѪľʮգžƶɣںʮؽƣƷҲֻһضѡвٵ֣ΪϷὫƷķ֮ԭֻһǴֵǰƷ֮ϡ׫iе˵
⻰һڣȻô˵ȫһɧһʱ䵹Ҳ˿ѯʣȫ֪λϻԭġ
ҵʱԭֻǴһֵܵͨ˭֪ƹоȻԵɺ³һЩδϵ䡣ȻƷױȵԤҪ࣬ڵֵҲֻǿ⣬ȴµĹЧһܹЧֵаᣬܹһ̶ǰߵˣܹõĲûжˣһǿĵУȴġؼǣ£ҲƳͬĵڶˣԲŷǰƷ֮󡣡׫i˵ͣһ£˿˵ķӦ
Ȼһ˵ȼۺ˶ڵһ˽
˶˫ĿͬʱںıȫȻ޴ˡ
Ҫֵ֪ܹԭͲȻǸӵĺˡȴͬʱӵֹЧʵЩףֻһƷ
׫iˣ¶ı飬ڴЧΣ¾Ͳ˵ˣֻ˵Բλʧġˣ׼ʮÿһμӼ۲ڿʼ
ʮʯ
׫i䣬˿ڣ۸ֱʮʯ
˸ۣ߳òһ⣬һЩԭѾߵĻ˻ȥ
һ󣬲һֱӺˡʮ򡱵ļ۸
۸һʱΪ֮һһʱ䵹Ҳûٴγˡ
ϾϣһƷ۸ҲһٶʯһƷ¸Чٺˣ˼۸ǸһЩ
ͬһʱ䣬ǰһ֮ˣһΧȫɫֵĺ帾ˣȴüͷ
ˣȥĻ۸ֻ̧øߣ˵ӰǴе񡣡ߵŮȴڴʱȰ
ҲգлҪԴΪղź֮ˣȻͷ¶βϢѾסˣͷȰ£Ҳδûлٵõġ帾俴ԶȫŻɫ֮ˣ䴫ص
һΣŮȴͷû˵ʲô
ԱߵĿޱ飬Դ˸ʲô
ʱһĳΪ֮Ŀɿڴ
ʮʯ
֮ˣȻԭһֱĿ
˿Ѿ˫ĿԴһ˿ɳƣԭɤȻͬӡ
Żɫ֮ˣĳۣȻ⣬˻һۺмĿ֮ˣٴαһʮ򡱵ļ۸
ʮʯ
ԥһּʯ
˸߼۸ȻλҲЩңҲˡ
ãܺáλѶڱصˡҲգǾøѰɡϣܺúñܺôмĻɫˣ˵仰˳˾ۡ
ǻев֮⣬ȴ¶ɡ
ԴˣȻ⡣
˸ߵļ۸ʯ̨ϵ׫iҲֲЦݣ˴˽
ֻҪĴ󣬴㹻ʯͲȥ׫iͿɽõˡ
ƳλѵȺʱѾˣ棬ǱξĴѹƷҲϷЩеĵ֮עϷѪеļƷϫˮܣ̺ʮһؽơ
һ֮ڶһּ䰲Ĺ֮С
Ŀⶼˢ˼ᣬŸ̨֮ϵ׫i¶𾪵ɫ
׫i״ҲδȡƷĿһɨ̨˺ΪصһЦ
ֻһ̣һץһɫϻָ䡣
׫iϻǰһףһֻӳһд򿪣СȡһöԲԲ峯ǰһ
һɢҫ۽ľСܣȻӳС


342 ͻ
˶˲ǧ֮Ϊߣ뵱һλǰԶԵ֮õһ鳱ϫܽͨԪ֮ƾžŰʮһշɣ̺ʮһؽҲΪ֮һ߶ԷųˮĻסȫˮԹܣ
ֻ׫iϻнɫСһץǰһж𻺻˵һ֮¶ΪԺ֮С
׫i˵ϫˮܾ̺ʮһؽƵļƷһɧԭԹ۵Ҳ˲С𶯡
Ҫ֪һ̺жʮϵĽƣԳƵǼƷˣ̺ʮһصн׵ļƷˡ
еǿڽ½ҲǼƷҲʮؽƶѡһ̺Ƴʮ֮ÿжӡһأ֮ǰͬնġ
̺˶زǵһμҲգĿʯ̨еСܣиͷɿת
һԾˣȻҲ
Ͼ׫iȡ˶֮ǰΪνƷӦֿ뼫Ʒ֮е½׼ƷֻƵĲϱȽϡ̺ܽΪˡ
Ȼһн׼ƷԪΪ֮䶯ˡ
±ˮԹӵдֵȽ׵ļƷҲʵΪ֮ˡ
׫iƺ𾪵ı飬ͣ˺һ󣬲һļڵˣƷϫˮܣ׼һʯÿһμӼ۲㿪ʼɡ
׫iһжʱ˶Դ˼۸ûие̫Ծ
˵һ㺱мƷ֣Ҳ֮У۸Ҳһٶʯˡϫˮн׵ļƷ۾һʯҲ̫ߵġ
¶֮һƬž
·˶ڵȿһ㡣
׫iҲżֻǾĿ̨ˣһﲻ
һʯȻڳλѶ±ȿͷˡ䳡Ƭ̺һӶ߽һɫ֮ϴ˳
һһʮʯǰ߻䣬˲ʾ
һһʮ򡣡
һٶʮʯ
ϫˮܵļ۸ȿ֮󣬾ͿʼʮϿǶȥڳԭԾԾԵҵײ֮ˣɫת˲롣
ɫĶУҲԾû뵽⼫Ʒֵ֮Ҿ֮
ӦһЩ
Щǣǰĺ帾˵˼ԶŻɫ֮ˣ˳Ĭ״̬
͵ļ۸һͻһʮʯ֮ǼҲסˡ˻ʵҼмߣҲ޼ˡ
һʮʯĳ˴˴δ׺ǰȡڳλͨһԲϵǺ帾һԿݵĺʿ
ʱֻʿеѹ̴ɢʱһЩΪߣʼеľ
׺塱һԼܵǹ޵ľѹǰԼֺе˿ʼٳˡ
һʮ򡣺ߣҵ˭ԭѡʲô׺壬Ժںʱǰڲ׺˭ٸԳ塣ǰһ۵ٴδ֮лһ˿Ū֮⡣
壡
ʱһ۽΢΢鴤ɫ粻ڱϺסҲ±˷
ܹ㼸ǿߣںսб׷ɱһºһ̽ȻҲ֪ˡ
Զ񣬱Ⱦ䡣
ߣϷ򡣸¼Ȼ£Ϸ㵽ˡһʮ򡣡ݺһĻص¶ŭ֮ɫ
ֻһϵĵɫαɢ¶һߡ

ºսݣƷʴڱصõġһٰʮʯ
䴦˵֮ϵɫһ󷭹¶һͺͷ۴󺺡
ֻ˫Ŀ֮£һɲǰߵӴѹɢ˲Ȼԡ
ȻҲһǿߣ
һɢˣʲôŵġһԵĺ帾Ϊм˵
۴ɫ۽бƳһˣû˵
ʯ
òɿ֮ʣһֱδڵŻɫ֮УмĿ֮ˣһԵĸ߼۳۸񻹸߳˶ʮʯ
ô׺ͺҲˣһɾЩˡ
һݸ֮С˴˵֮꣬Ͻ˵ˣԷ֮жлڸ֣ɽ˽¿ɾ͡
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򣡡ԥ˵
һʮ򣡡۴Ҳʾ
󱨳ٶʮ򡱵ĸ߼֮мɫ֮˱㿪ʼĿƺ˼Ӽ۱ֱ˳ӡ
۴üͷʼƺ˼ʲôԣ۸ѾԶԤƵˡ
ʮɲĵ
۴һڣʮ򡣡
ϣ߱ͬһ㶢ϣ͸һɿֲϢ
ڽ浤ʱ٣٣һֵȻҪϧһд۽ϫˮߡ֮һ׺õˮԹļƷ˳֮£ԺһΪġ
ʮ򡣡ﺰۡ
һһһž֮С۴󺺶˶㣬һ˿ɫĿûٿڡʮʯѾ߳ĳܼˡ
һĻУȻٴСĲЩĵ̹ȻˣһƷȻܵʮۣ
Ҳֵ֮䶷ĲɿϾ˼ĵˡ
׫iЦе̨ʮҲЩϵģ뿪ʱ
۴󺺺Ȼٺ١һԭеֱȻһģȺһĶȥͬʱ˵ҪϫˮҲУñүǷ˵
䣬һɺͷϿգȻһҵĻζһģģɫֶָָһֵ·һȥ
Ȼ֣ڵһɺԤϡ
ʹͬΪڵҲû뵽Է󵨣һŭȻӳһһƬϼ
䡱һ
ɫֺϼײϼһ֯󣬵һ˿֮˴󶼾ĶᡣȻҺڵҲҪ𷨾һ󣬲ǿס


343 ټ
ԭһɺϵɫΣҲ󻯾ǿߵĽ˼ɢ
˳׫iڵʯ̨ǰʱȴһƾճֵĺɫĻסˡ
֮ɫӰɢճ׻ΪʧС
׫iΣɫЩѿˡ
˻ҲǱһۡ
һۿı׷ɱǧ֮ңҪĺ
ֻλĻǿߣȻݿǰ˥˼֣ϢǺԭһĿֲǿ
Ȼһ󣬷ټǿĿ˿ɫδ¶Ų򸽽һɨȥ
һ̣һ޳ŮʱлȻһ
һԼĪʮͷľɫŮüǣۣں㷢ɢͷһһЦ䣬һֵǵľ֮Уһֻһ污ɫɴ
ȻղŵĽ֣һɺݵɫɢŮɴ
ʶľףͫ΢
ɫĺŮȻŮˡ
ʱŮ˫峺ƽԵ֮ڸǵľ⣬üмǶһöɫƬɬ֮һЩȴ˼ջ֮С
û뵽ŮȻһͬ˱Ԫ⻹ǴԤϵ顣һĿ⻺ջغ󣬽һƬ֮ɫǿаס
ǱߣۿｫԼһ˵ĵ£ŭһۿҪٴγ֡Ȼ˿һֱվ׫iЦȴһתۼݺм䣬ͬʱԾ׫i֮˵˵أλвö֣Ϸ򲻽ˡ
ڴ˵ʱڻǿ߲еĿֲȻͷţ˲һ󣬾Ȼѹݺﶼɫ΢΢һ䡣
λĪҪᣬֻΪ׺ͷ󣬸ոֻһʱûסλѵͨˣλҪ֡ʶλ򻯾ǿߵʵ֮ϼһ˻˵
ԣȴֻǸֶ¶Цû˵
Ȼǲ׺ֱ䣬ʱȻȥʲô
ĺȻǿ߲˵˼䳡滰ٴ˻صʯ̨ĺɫľ
ˣȻϫˮȻˣĳҲڴ˶ˣǡʱ䣬۴Ҳû˵ʲôϻ۴һ˦ͷҲص߳˶ߡ
۶ҲЦһģ۴ߺûҲ߳˶ߡ
ʱ׫iŸæǼϫˮȻǱԶʮʯˡ
ˣ˴ελѵӦصʯȡĳ£ͲˣڳλϤԱ㡣˿̣׫iһɨ΢Ц˵仰㻺뿪Ӳų˶ߡ
׫iߺʯ̨Ѻɫľϵ湬ǿҲڻһۺĬһվ׫iڵĲ뿪˶ߡ
ȻǱصԱŴһ߳뵽һ֮ڡԴֳʯ˱ʾԴҪ׫iȷֵɵֳ
ԵƬ֮Ǳ׫iڵķ䡣
λѴԴֳʯȴ֪ʲôԴһ뷿䣬һ쳤۵׫iת۾ʵ
ԣ΢΢һЦȻװħӲë׫iǰˡ
΢΢䶯ľħӲë׫iе䣬ʱһɫԲرһ¡
ʦֳ֪ܲܵʮʯˣ׫iı仯۵ףɫƽĿʵ
ɷϷȼһ´˵١׫iӲë˵
ȻڵĴӦ㽫н׫iС
׫iҲסɫĽӹУָὫһŤһëڴ֮мֻǺëָסȴƺĸˣ·Ҫѳָһ㡣
׫i״΢΢һ㶣ɫϲ֮ɫһϸϸ
Ƭ̹󣬺׫iһ֮бһͨɫЩ͸Ĵ⡣
ֻ佫Ǹë֮ϣͬʱһһ
ʱͨ׹ɢһȦȦİɫΣڿһģ㻯һ˿˿ϸ⻡ëëƺܵʲôȻɿŤȴ޷ֺӡ
һȦȦĹλ⻡ëԭͨɫ͸⣬ʼڼΪɫ
Ȼǳɫɫ
ɫĲϱ仯׫iҲ

ȻϷҲ֪ľҵļ߲ķӦϷľжϣﵱǱ;ԵģƼƷļѲϡӲëֳʮʯҲ˵ùȥġ
áԣ΢΢һϲȴǲɫӵݸ׫i
˵ħӲëȻĳּ亱ĶϣԺĲñ֮˵ȻǸȡˡ
ͬʱڼ׫iεɫҲԴ˾ħӲëļֵ˸ȫµжϡ
λѣлƷѵƷ֪ѿȤһ£Сݸĺº׫iȻ˵
Ʒԣ΢΢һһ˿漴ȴǿЦ˵ʦʵʯޣѾ޷һƷˡ
޷ʯȻϲ׫iԥ˵
΢΢һƷȷЩջġ
ȻиԶǰλʦ̽ǷоħӲë
ˣֻ⶯֮ͿЦҡͷ˵ʦԴôˣʹʦƷԵˡ
ϧˡѣʵϷʲź˵ȻֻƷΣһЩȴһļƷҲϷ˴ûóԭ򡣽գϷ򿴴Եź˵ġ׫i΢΢̾Ϣ˵
ԣüͷһ׫iնԼϵľħӲëǼȤˣԼҪǲ׵ˡ
漴һ뵽Ӧ֮һЦ˵Ȼʦ˵ǼضΪסã¾жˣԺʦĪˡӲë¿Զһ˺⣬ܲҵһЩһҵ±ضǰһʦƷ
׫iԣ۾ʱһһĵͷ˵Ϸ͸ˣһҵ˵ͬϣʱĳʱѵ
Ȼͷֳһ˿ԺĽڴɫ׫i濴ƺû뷨
ֺ֮׫i̸һ˵֮ԣǴ¶


344 ͷ­
뿪ϳ֮󣬹ϳڵҲƽ֮ȻԾʱѰ֮ͽͶΣδٷʲôʿ޹ʧ֮¡
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Ҳμڼ䣬ϳʮһƬɽ֮С
ĳƵİɫ޷£һȫɾӨ͸ʯɵضڣҹʯǶڶǽϣһҫͬ
Ȼ˿̣޽˸ûʵĶУȴž̡Ĳҽ
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ŮӼѩ׾ӨòޣͫȴǾҫ˿ֻʣŨŨɱ⣬ÿһηɫ±ضųһѤѪ
ѪɺӵĶҹʯӳ£Ҳӳĵúͮͮġ
λ֪ʲôطӣˡūʹĺ帾˼·ӣȻͨأҶüͷ
ҶüӸո̤˿ҲһǵĹ򣬵ɫµūȴǲڶʮˡ
ͽ˵ģҶüеɱ˿ޱֻһ
ಡһ
溮һâзɾգ۵Ĺʹһ
šۡۡۡ촫ֻӾںбһƬѪҽûзͱҶüնɱˣ
Ҷü򶴸һ𣬳ٴλΪһ磬ʮ򾪾ԭһڽһɪɪʹӼȥ
ʱ䣬ֻһѪ
һġۡۡУʹӸؿ˲һȭͷСѪ
֮Ҷüһٴκҫ۵˸֮£ĿԴͻȻأڵϵתͣɱ򼫶Ȼֶ̿Ťı顣
㣬Ҷüзϱ任Ϊⲻڶ֮кᴩֱɣ֮ƶŶʣʹչ˳׵Ѫˡ
յĹҶüɱ˶˿̣ӡһԼĪɸߵľʯš
ֻʯϰ׹ת֮£һȦȦɫλϷοֻǱһ㣬Ǵдݳȴһּ᲻ɴݣ쳣ĸоȻһΪ˵ĽƹĻ
Ҷüֻǿһ۾޴ţеĳһ׶ͬʱзɿر任š
ʱɫâϽӰЩһ󣬺ȻҶüӰͻأģȻԭʧһʱ䣬ֻʣ°еǱɫ𶯲ˡ
ҶüΪڽʹһ
ಡһ
ʱȻֹͣ𶯣ž޴ʯżȥһ£ûǼӲʵľ޴ʯС
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ƿʯ֮ҶüӰٴһģֳ߻ɨܿ죬ֱеһŴ֮ϡ
ѩ׵Ĵ֮ϣһſʵĺ̺ӣ̺֮ȴһŮˡ
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һʺĳȹֱӽѩ׵Ĵȥ˴롣
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Ůһ֮£Ǹٸ
ǿĶЩʧ˰ɡٸһһֳɫİŮӣʱʧɫ˵Ȼ֡
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Ҷü״һЦֻŮӵŮΧʱʢƬ̹ŮӾһĺ޶ˣȫа㡣
λǰǾȸ˫ް¡ӿϷһһмʶҶüʵ֮󣬴ŮӶʱŵûս֮¿вͣҶü
һ֣ҶüкȻתһ˿⣬ϵɱƺŨһЩ˿Ůı飬Ϸһ𣬹ʱٸΧγһֻ֣һѽŮΪһؼȥֻǼ󣬾ͳڶ֮⣬ȻһԶƿնȥ

˭˭ȻҳϷ֮ڶ֮˵֮£Ҷü°ٸСպһŭĽȻ⸻ûʵĶ
һۣӥǵüɷĿŶҵһмصʬ塣
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ϵһ䣬һɫƴСķ̱ǳУһһָⵯɫС
ءءУӭǣ˲ɰƴСˮװСͬʱһööɫĸֶ
һ򣬵ϷȻʱȻֳһ쳣ͼ
ֻܿһŮУٸļԶڿշȥ
һ̣ŮӾƺʲôȻһٸһġ
顱һ
Ͻһͼʧ
ˣϷҪ˺㣡һĻһٴα任𷨾Ͻһ裬γһɫ˿ָ档
˺ͣһɫ⻷֮ӽģ壬һХ󣬾ͻΪһŽ˶
ͬһʱ䣬еڷָһЩ֣ʲô˴һЩϢ
֮
ϳǧ֮һСɽСɽǵɢżԾĹɣ֮£Ұ΢ҡڲ
˵ظ˵ĵһо˵Ĳ
УһɻѪ֮ζһεѪϴһù֮ϵ£ʹϳһƬ磬˳ŹȥȻܿһžٸͷ­ڴɵһ֦Ѿϡ
ͷ­˿ƽƱһж£ϵļѾȫŤӲ˫ĿԲһĿӣȻǰĪľ塣
һ紵紵֮ϵļ֦Ȼܿϱ˼֡
ɱ˳ǷծǮ
ң⼸ֵ·һССġҶ֣


345 粨
Ժ󣬻ƽĹϳǱһϢϯ£ڱ
Ϣǹһƴ½ŮҶü䲻뾧ȸĶ֮УԼĪʮūɱ˫ްɱͷ­ڹϳǧ֮һСɽ֮ϡ
Ϣһϳ½һƬȻ𺳵ͬʱȻ׷
Ҫ֪˲һǵòܸ裬欶ˡ
һĿ޲򹦷Ԫ֮׻ڣδŮɫԼ뾧Ȳ˸һι֮ʱʶ˵껹ͽڵ񣬴Ӵ˱㳹Ůӡ
Ϊ仯ΪŮΪ˫ް£ϧķѾʣѰԣ֮Ϊ޽ݻʮū͹ʹǳ谮쳣ƴӡ
ƽƽܽҺң֪ʲôӲ˳ҺڣʹԪͼء
ɱλˣȻͬͷݺݴһ
˾֪λȸһΪɲ⣬ݳƼǿ߶֮·磬ڹеλ߽֮ڹԪҲȨƺˣСŵĸ߲ᵽ֣ﶼֳĸо
λȴ˫ް¾ȻһλŮĿŵնɱˣȻò˶Ŀɿڴˡ
ȷ棬һʱԴȴδ̫󶯾в֪ҪӦԴ¡
ϳڶߣǶҶüݷ׷ײ²
ú󣬾ϴʶˣΪΪƴ˻ݶ˳Ȼһ˵档
ڴϢûж೤ʱ䣬ϳһΪ𺳵Ϣ˵ǹϳнһ޹ʧٵҺ׳ޣȻȫ˴Ůйأ˵ȡЩԪ;ѪΪһаĹӶͻΪϵƿ
Ŵ˴ŵģȻĲɢ޺һЩشСҪȶԴ¸һ˼
һΧڶ˴˷粨һҡ
ú󣬾Ǳǲִ߲ϳǣԴ¼˷ϡ
˵˭֪޷粻ˣЩǾȷƬ֮ʰˣʵˣŮԵǧǰɱˣ
ͷ񣬵ﾧȻ£Ҳֻ㲻֮ˡ
һһ뵽Ҷüɱ˵ȻԽкòѣ侪˵ʶ֮
ûжúҶüͷڡ

ϳǱԶһڡƵĻɽ
ɽһ޽Ľݳ޵ĶУ̬ʿ֮ϡ
Щ˴Ϣ񣬼塢壬Ҳˣһۣӡһžʯ״ͼɢ޵ĲһּΪĸо
ЩǾȵĻڴڡ
˿̣ÿϵı鶼̫һе¶˼֮⣬е¶ŭ֮ɫеüͷڵʲô
ΣһӡһŽɫʯ״ͼİ׷߻ɨڵλϣڶԴ¿ʲôˣ
˿˵ǾȹһΪѾﵽڣʵŽԪǰǿߡ
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ⲻΪҾңȷһȫ֮ñвٻصġ׷Ҳ¶һ˿Цݵ˵
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˿̵ϵıȴʮƽ֪˼ʲô
ţڸ߲ڶһŽɢȥ

ϳǧ֮һ޷ϣһϮƮƮҶüƾϸаϣһɫҫ£ŶĿ⻪
ӿ޷ݵ溮ϵİԷ裬֪Ϊϵ֮𣬻Ϊյĺ
ǰ֮һɽϣƾ˵߸ֶ丽ԶУ߰ҺʿɢȫٴаҶü


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üߵͨ߶Ӷһ·ͣ׷ҹȴһɽ֮ϼ˵ͷ­Ȼ
Ҷüֺ󣬸ŭɶһХеһŻĽǰͷ­Ϊ˻ҽ֮һĳ𣬼ƿҶü׷ȥ
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ΪŸȻ֪֮ϬҶüʩչ䣬һʱͼ˷
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˿̣һХ£ɫѾǵԲ֮ǰۿҪնԲ֮ʱȻѶһ»ΪٵӰ˷ȥ
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գ¶һ˿ο֮ɫ漴ǰȥ

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ӰڿһصںǰԶĲݴС
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ڸղһֺɫֺͷųɫϼҲɢһΣȻǴ˸൱
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С㣬ϺϾˣһٴ׷ɱҵȸǺãһտˣɫ粻˵
Ҳõģ֮ڣӦҲ˵ءǺ湬ĹϽΧǼҲ̫ģػǰȫġΨһģֻоԮˡ
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˵գŮһһɫ̱ģ֮󣬿дʣһСһûС
Ů˿Σң°žӣ˿ǣһ뵽ԺĴɵͷޱȡ

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ݳ󻯾ڸֵֹ֮ˣǿ֧Ŵ߶񱼰صڣش⵽޹ɣ粻ʱ뷨ʩȣ֮ǡ
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뵽⣬Ȼһҧͷź˷Ըڴ˵غտϺ̣ҳȥߣܴӹҵϵķӡ
гһŷ׭һɫһӿ󣬵ģε䣬ΪһòŮŴȥ


349 ö
ʱڼĹؼʱ̣緢һв֪
ֻȫɫâţͷ֮һöߴСɫС
С֮ϵķԾڻת֮ѽһЩ΢ϵ
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壬ڿ»ټӿЩٶȲСոǱָҴѶǱڵʮΣ湬ŵһ֮Ҳûˣ˵Ļ湬߲һݶϻ֮ǣϫˮҲ᲻ġʥü΢΢𣬻˵


353 
ԣ΢΢һĿһ˿⣬ϻȻ¶ϲɫʵĪʥֶŮѲȷ֮ϼӳּٽ֮
壬ЩںȹԾٰ졮ᡯ֮˲ʿ׵ĻбвƷһĻط֮ۡʣͼԭȺսпɼӳʿϵļһЩ仯ܣӶʹ˽ƿڷ֮Сڱ˲ٷ֮ĥһµʱν֮Ϊ󡯣ӷٶԼɡʥӳƬ̣΢΢˵ͷ
ʥֶŮȻΪҳһʦǱ²˳٣첼ɡգϲɫŨ֡
ʥü΢ԼΪ֮ɫƬ̺ŵͷ˵ЦˡãҪЧܣǸ߽׷ԾʯɡĿǰֻһн׵ķԾʯԪҲʣ࣬ЧۿˣҲ֪ǷɼĿĵء
⵹һ߽׷Ծʯϴ巻п֮ʱһʿãԪΪ㣬ʥֶŮǷУԥڵȡһöԼĪȭͷСĵɫʯ
ãʥ㿪ʼ󡣡ʥӽӹݹķԾʯϲڳϲ֮ɫ
ֻ⾧ʯɢһȦȦ˵ԪԶһн׷Ծʯɱȡ
ʥӻ˺˼վԭһ¶֮ɫĿ⻺ɨһǰڼʲô
ͻȻ䵥Ȼһ䴢ӷзһС
ͨ嵭һЩĵ죬߳ӡ
ʥûж룬һ죬һھѪ絽֮ϡ
ʱʢ
ʥĿоâһһ
㻯Ϊâֱ˷ǰת·УʧӰ١
һ̣ʥ˫Ŀ΢΢һһףöȭͷСĵɫʯ㿰ǰ֮С
ʥӿزһش
֮һĻˣ
öڰ֮еľʯһȦȦҫ۵ĵɫâ
ͬʱǰ۱棬ɫĴʧ׷ӿֶɿһĹýɫʯΧĴӡ
˸𽥽ҷ۰˲ʱ䣬ͨ徧Ө׵ķ۱˵֮ɫ
ʥӼ龰Щ԰׵ɫ΢΢һɣĿеػ˿û֣ʮְָһ任һ˹֮Уɵһɶ
һҡκ󣬡ಡһǰٶȻ˲ӡ
˵ҲǼʶˣһĻҲЩ㶣ιƫͷʥ˵Уձɵȣõʱ̫ˡ
ʥԵ˵ͷϸһ˿˵ʵҲͬСɣ˷ȣҵҲҪСһˡ
Ҫʩ͵ϮݳͷۣҲ׻ġϴеʥҩֻҪܼʱϵܱµġһ˵
ϣ˰ɡ˷Ԫ֮Уһ·Ѿɽɹ㹻ĿʯǱһˣǱһͬǱ߽ˡʥĿһĻص
˵£ϲǰȷ飬նɱ˵ŮӣҶüŮΪˡŮԼݣ¾ʵ̫˵
壬ҪԴΪأĿǰҪȽ֮£ʡĽ֦Ҷü֮¿Ժ˵ʥҡҡͷĿȰ
˼֮ɫĳκ󣬲ųһĵ˵ͷҲգ˳Ժл౨ģͲһʱˡҵ¹׺岻ãΰµȷݳصġ
ʥӼˣ΢΢һɡ
Ժ۰ºһʱͷԷȣȥɲҶü
Ļ鷳ɾ͸ˡ

Ԫһ֪ĵؽ磬ͿУһϮƮƮṲ̊һɫϼٻС
Ůɫ԰쳣һѪɫûеӣȻǾɫաֻؿ½󴦣ȴܿ۵һĨ졣
Ǳ׷ɱһ·ӶݵҶüˡ
ΪˣŮѾ޷ڸ߿ֻǿڵͿջС
ˣٶȻƿֲֻһգ۵Ĺ˾ͳʮ֮⡣
Ҷüͷһۺ󷽣ԾɿʲôӰƾǿľȴӦȻʮⲻĽţƺЩɵԪɽ׷̫ӡ
ҶüϷһ˿Ц֪룬ǿ˻ǿ߶УŽ䷨ľٳֵĴ㡣
뵽һҧԭЩоٴҫ漴һٶȻԶȥ
ҶüӰʧú󣬺Ȼһֻķͭɳһ˿վ棬ǰҶüӶݵķ˼˼ʲô
˴ȥȷĪʲộֻǻŲ·ѣߣ׫iҲڹУɱҲѲ˸ϵģһ˵
һ֮£ɳƿԶȥҶü׷¡

Ƶĳ˼ĺߣɫĺˮŭţĴںһſԲľʯ֮ϡ
䡱ľ·˺˵ĶĤƼΪˡ
ʱһɫĹâȻӲԶֳϸ֮£ܷŹâаһӡ
òΪӢӣƤ𪣬һѩ׳緫溣ҡڲͣȥһּȺгĹо
ʼչŵЦݣֻںһ㣬һտɫˮű۳һ̤֮£Ȼڰɿ⣬ֵֹ쳣ݣ·ںӺһ㡣
һ̤˰ߣȻһתʱۺ󣬵˵һ䣺˳ʱ䣬ǲҲóˡ
Ƿɺ˷ȴδ˿쳣
Σ˫ü΢΢һָ֮ǰһȥ
һɫâһţûǰ˷֮øһ󲨶
ʱȻ䡱һ
һ˻شˮ´ǰȻһҵĲɫĺˮ·ϵķ
һɹ쫷ϯϾʯ֮һӽǰȴ̻Ϊ촷۱Ѷ
һž޴ĺӺһһȻ¶ڰС
һͷʮɸߵľκޣ죬ϸһСƬҫ£۵Ĺâ
˺޲Ӵ󣬶ģҲΪ죬Ӻڹ굹оųƣһӲǣͷףβ
䡱
Ȼոһ֣ڰһ̤£֮µĿռʱֳһŤ֮С
֮֮ǿ֪ˣ
ڵĹޣǧˡţе˼국ǰľǻһЦݡ


354 Ⱥսһ
һƺһʱһ𣬿
һտɫ޴ȭͷӰھͷһ۳һȦȦɫ˷
ʱ¡¡ľУڿռ㲨ˣһȦȦ໥ƶ˷ȥƺ̺ĳֲ֪Ĺ
޾޴һɫ˾󣬺Ȼһͬһٶࡣ
ʱо޴ȭͷһţ˴Ӵϡ
һУâһ׹󺣣˻㽦䵽ʮɵĸ߿ա
һҵİ
޻ΪһӰӺˮһܵ߿գ˫ڿʱ¶ŨŨķŭ֮⡣
޵ͺβһռ䱬ըͻΪһٴγꡣ
ίʵӴ󣬴˿̳·һСɽա
ϵЦݲ۾ζı顣֮ǲŲæֱһ̧һָżٳľ޴һ㡣
ҫʱ۶գ۵Ĺһʮɳľ޴ָƾںϿո֣΢΢һ󣬱źһ¡
顱ĽУָռȫҫɫռݣԲ˼鷽ʽϢ˾ϡ
ں¡¡ľУȻٴһ׹뺣ˮУңмдƬѵ
ٴδӺ֮ðʱϢή˲٣ϼӲƬжദ飬һ˿˿Ѫ
Դǧ굮һЩǣ֪Էʵ֮ǿԶԼɵУ֮ǰԼ׷֮ʱֻϢˡ
ϰĿУļɵ֮⣬ٴ߿գзءĹһͷ󣬾Ȼӡ
ֽδȴȻϱֱľϢͬʱһģ֮ľ޴Ӱһţֱһѹȥ
ͨһ
һӴ޴Ӱһ֮£̹Уͷ­ƴҡΣһѪϵλѹ֫޷һ¡
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һ̣޾ϷһɫԲһһ䣬·޾ͷȥ
޼״ȴһҲҶԾɷһġءֽС
Բǹͷ֮ʱͻȻһһû룬ǹ޶ͷϱһɫѩ״ӡǡ
龰ĵ˵ͷһ֮䣬ޱ㻯ΪһûС
֮ת׿˿ԶİߣһƮ󣬾ͷҲص˹ȥ

ʱɿš
תۼ䣬湬ݵԼһ֮ڼ١
еһ¥С
ϥڴϣ˫΢΢ţԳһ˿ϲ⡣
ӦҲ쵽ˣҲ׼һЩյġ˵һ֮һԾڵϣָһţĴ˼ɫСɾµ¥ڸһףдʱһСâס˴ݡ
һУһ
漴һбǶһƴСɢ͹âķ
ͨתһɫĹΣŹâתÿתһȦα˸һ£·һ
ŷͫ΢£΢΢һıǱһˣʱһǿҵľ񲨶ʹâͷһ

գδеɽˮ¥󻹱һ㵭֡ԶԶȥһĻ·һλʦƷˮī
ڴ˿̣Ȼһƿ֮֮⴫ü죬գ۵ĹѾ˰ɡ
󣬱ܿһֻɫĻֵʮɳӰϿշŴ
һ·ٸʥӺͺȺ֮ˡ
ںƿϿյĽսƺ󣬷۱һ·ֱӴˡ
ʱеĺ湬ѪʿȴδһУԹԵѲŽֵȴԼͬıܿ˴˷۸
һ֮ɫڷǰʶȴ·ɨ
ڸϵˡʥĿ·Ľһɨ漴һһɫ̱ǳС
ϸֺȻһŷһָֻҫķ裬һӲӵļͷһָԶһֵ
壬Ǿˣȥɡˣʥһϲź˵
˵ͷʥӵʹ۰ָλãȥˡ

ȵĳžĿʯ֮ڣߵĺˣϥ
Ԯѵˣһ֮ԼƺСյӡһ˺Ȼڵ
ݶ˱زᣬӦǰǷҪֹһһԣ˵
ʱҵȻʲôɡмһ˳Ƭ̺󣬰˰֣˵
ǶԣһۺҲĬĬ˵ͷ
ʯٶȻָһƬž

һյĹ󣬺ɽʥӵȺѾסķ֮ǰˡ
ȻʱȻһɫХŴһԷм䡱һغ󣬻Ϊһͺͷ۴󺺣ںǰ
۴Ӱոճֲãһݹڷ֮ڰһ֮󣬱һ۴ߣΪһò˵ӡ
ϵ˻֣ʥӲ⡣
ݡλڿˡԭԵŰݷõģڿǲҪˡʥӷЦȴһЦⶼûУеֻһ˿⡣
ߣԭǺӣү͵ȵòͷˡܺã¸ĶˣǾһ˰ɡһ㲻ٷϻһ֮£зȻ𣬶ʱͷɫ޾ٴֶ
˾һ֮£ռֳһŤ
ݴ˿ޱ壬ѾϴκٻʱҪ޴ֵӡ
Щ죬ʱ̿һˣȴ֣ܳȻǺйһˡ
ߣһɢϷǰ񣬽պĳ֪ĺһһ֮£ɫĹâǼٴһ¡¡ͷϿյһûһֻ޴ơ
Ƴжʮɣݺύһɫ˿ߣճһΪӵĴȻǱӳһЩĹܡ
ڡ䡱ľУ󻯾ǿ߱սһˡ

һԣҲų֣ЦеĶʥӣЩζζСΪҺڰˣǿ˶ϵĻ˵Ըһʹ죬Щʹġ˱ˣͲֻǽˡ
ոճ֮ʱͨӴ֪ǰλʥӺһɺ֮ΪҺڶѣƾڵʵȻշѹġ
ȻʵˣȻ˵أȻҲбġʥӸܵȹϴĿֲѹȴ治ɫ˵֮һһӡ


355 Ⱥս
䣡
ʥʿȻһΣʱһģļ
˫һٵվ֮ԼԼѾγһģ
ÿѶһޱȵƺȫĳϾʯƳɣֱһ֧ӣһöСģһīС࣬һá
֡
ʥϵЦݺȻһ֮£ǰ֪ʱƽƽһͨ巺ŵâİ٣ʮаָϻḧָӰ涣任ٶ֮ۻңȴ̺һֹĽࡣ

ʥʿҲһ׶ǰ֮Уͬʱпʼдʣи԰һּΪӵķ߶ڷ
һɫĴмûǰ֮УļȻâʢ֮ʼһЩɫ֪ģԲͬĽ𣬷ֱ𷢳õ֮ƺʥ֮Ӧš
ֲͬɽְ֮֯öʹͬɾС
һâǰһû뵽ʥǰС
ֻļͬʱһһĿʼ˸һʼЩ򣬵Ľ࣬ϼ⽥ͬʱͬʱһһ㡣
˼֪Ĳ׺СҵҪʲôЦǰۣƺȤӣȴȻûҪֵ˼
һ룬ϵЦݺȻ̣֮ת쳣֣ء
˿̣֣ʥϵϢȻмȻһּΪ˼ķʽͻҺڣ˻ڣ
ʶЩˣдɫзһֶʥĳ
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ʥкâ˸ж˿ɣָɿӯ裬ɲǼ乤ɫķĴǰٷɿûͷǼµĺɫ֮УʹǹԭĿҫ۵Ĺâ˲١

᷿֮еҪٽһ֮ڵԵʣԭü΢ڷⲽ
һļ𣬵򵥶¼˷Ըһǿ֮󣬱㲻ڷͣһԾ˷š
һ̣ŮȻɫһ䣬һŤȻ뿪Զ
һ
˿֮һѩĵȻʲڵĿռ䡣ϢÿռһҡΣӿ
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ԭЩʱȻûп˿ûţһֱߣŻһЩ彵չ鵽Լ¡
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£ֻʥǱʣҺڵĺʦֱ
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ɲǼ䣬ʦһԶԷսһ
ΣŰһǰ󺺣ϵĺԽԽŨֺȻƽƽǰʮָ£һ
ɲǼ䣬һ죬ռٴŤһģٴһ˲佫ʿ֡
ΪĺֻоȻһԺоȻܿƵĸֳһû
ΪҺڵĴ󺺣Ȼ֪æƴҪ磬ΪʱϼһŤ鶯Ƭ̹ĿҲʼ
ЩûӰ֮£϶ʱֳһͬĿű飬еЦеĵ˻еϲ
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ȻһĻûгãеӰһնȫûС
顭ĵӶʱΪһѪɢУʹԭ̵Ŀռڴ˿̶һŨŨѪ֮ζ
һԵݺͳȻУԶԶ׵ĽԼոҺʿնɱһԾ
ʥӵȺ֮ˣȴǴϲ
˿̣޴ͬһʱ
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󣬳ʥҲǺɫű֮£һײֿ
ݺͳ໥һۣһǿ˷ɿ

һ֮£϶ʱʢ֮һļ䵽գڸ߿һת֮󣬱һΪģɫŴһɶ䶯
ͬʱſһ£һںӴӿڰվš
ӿΪ죬һŨĺΧ棬衣
󣬳һ֮£ֻ𷨾Ȼһ
УɫƺһԣƵĺɿɢ˲ס˷Բ֮ء
һ޺һͷɫľһԾ֮£ȻӺֵĿռп񱼶
˾޸ߴɣȴʨţһźɫ쫷粻裬һͷķޡ
˾޸ոճ֣еģſʼʵȻγһԲɫҺ塣
ǣɫҺ½ȴڲϵı任̬ǱΪһ׳ӣһֱ任Ϊһͷ˻һֱΪһֻģǹ֡
ݶͷٻ󣬶˵һڷһ
վӣȥʦԸʣļ֮ʱȴԾķ֣Զ³ֵͷޣһϢһͺ𣬾ȻԼͬĳɱˡ
һĿæס˱ƽͷޣɫЩء
Ӷ洫ĿֲϢܵͷ޵ʵҺڣ
ƾʴ󷨵֮񶥶ֻܺһҺڵǿ߿⣬ȴͷҺڵޡ
һԣΪǿԵʣʵҪͬ׵ǿ߸ǿһЩ


356 Ⱥս
𡱵һ
˿̣ںͷʨţޣ¿һ𣬾һģԾԶ
ͷ­һϵڹһת֮£һСĺɫ
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ˣɫʱ䣬ϸַɿ任һöö·ĴӴеΧתͣԵ֡
Щĵķתһɫôһɢ󣬾γһʵޱȵĹĻ֡
䡱һ
ɫ쫷ײ˹Ļ֮ϣĻתзĶʱΪֹ֮âΪ֮ѣһʱ䣬Ҳ֧
һ̣ķмײУâѶƾ֮֮
ĻصİâΪ֮˲١
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ʮָһգںһģ󣬵ΪһŴĽްС
ڴŮҪһߵʱֻáಡһɫҺѾһտɫͳǹһ֮µĳ伤
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ˣһͷʵѾԶԶ֮⣬£һ䣬һӰٴӿܵĿҲʼһŤ
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һ̣ɵһУռ䲨һ֮ɫ
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ಡһЩӨӿֶŷɿ쿪ʼģһӰ١
һ̣ϡ֮һӨϢĸֶ䲻£˸ʵʵ
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һ󣬹Ļһҡ֮ڻΪ˵㾧ɢ
ڹһʧԭذȻɫЩ԰ףһҧԲ߿һ׶ͬʱһҧ⣬һھѪԲ֮ϣд
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Բзųһâҫ۶Ŀ·һɫиֶ
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顱
ԲײֻɫϣһɫģҺϡ
޼ͬʱʹĲҽܴ˻֮ȴָһŤŭ֮ٳ
ʴȻ죬ֻסͷ޼书ӡ
ˣȻһ߿о޻һȦȦ޴Ӱ䣬һʱ佫ֻ޵档
ʱѾһʼ͸֧ӣһҧַȡһŷһֻһɫâɫһʱתࡣ
ʱУٺķѴԪĴ߶ʴֱУֻƾеԲʴ󷨻ûӰӦս
ֻǰڴŮг˸ټסֻޡ

һߣݵĽսҪ߸Ϊҡ
ֻݺͺȺһ֮󣬱á¡¡һըװ
ǰ۳ľޣ˿ٴκͺӳѪĴײ
һʱ䣬˸ȫɫâռˡ
ڡ͡ƿУɫ໥صһٻΪ˵һһȥ
նΪ֮
ţֻϷֹ׷׶Ÿ԰յľ޺;޴Ƶ
أɫͺɫһһۿɼٶȿʼ
󡰺䡱һɫͺɫըΪ㻺ɢڰС
ϯ֮£ݡ⡱ԺʮԶ
һһǶһưСɫꪡ
һ𣬱ǽ߿һ׶ͬʱд
ʱ̵֮һģʼ䶯ҫ۵һգۼ书򣬾ѱǵʮɴС
ȥ
ݴһһһһ֮ϣܿ첻Ӱ
ಡһ
ԭζֹꪣȻâһɫķֱĺɫݺݴȥ
ˣҲҵһĴȡһĳɫ̰ö̰Ȼһģֻɫͬѡ
һӣж̰Ǳһ׶ڷ任˲䣬Ҳд
ʱ̰ڰռǣϢ֮䣬ǵжʮɾ޴
𣡡
ž޹һ
Хһâһ֮ںݺһҡ
䣡
ཻڿлײ׷𣬱һ޿ݵľ졣
·Բڵķݵ棬׷׵ĵݣһʱƬѣľ
󻯾ǿ߿֮£Ƶðꪺֺϣڰн棬ڶ
ԶѲ˵һӺ湬Ѫʿˣȴˢˢͷֱʱķԭ·ضȥ


357 Ⱥսģ
һս֮УʥӺͳҲؼʱ
ʥӽսã̷ʥֵİֵǼΪĳ
Ҫ֪Ƴ׵϶亱Уͬһ֮ϵĽҲҪͬͬһ֮ҪӦڴ߶֮ʱӳͨ޷ӵеĿֲܡ
ⲻˮƽҪǳ֮ߣͨҲûĲô
Ҳ治һʦƵģҲǳ缫亱ԭ֮һżȻ֣Ҳĸдķɵɽ϶һЩ
ĿȻԽԽˣͬߵľҪҲԽߣȴʼμ
ʥӽһҺʿóǳϣ˳Ǿ˵ףʵڷ˼
ȻһҺʿԣͬʱ߶ǴΪˣҪͬʱ߶ǲ֮¡
ʥȴ˼Ĵ󷨣ͬΪ֮˸Դ߶֮һ󷨼ӳ֮ʹͨԷһ𣬾ŮΪڡ
˻ЩСҺСˡһߵʩһɫصȻһ˿źɫǰ֣һ֮󣬾Һں弤ȥ
ֻҪȽնɱʥӾͽ޴
ʥӼ龰ɫһ˵зһ䣬ʱǰİٰ׹ʢ˿İ˿漤ͷγһ͸İɫ֡
Զ˿ڵλöְ׹ڸסͬһ뵹סһ
顱˵ȫݺݻ˹ϡ
˹ֻ΢΢һ£Ӳȫ
һĻɵɫһ䣬һһֻȭͷСͨӡųɫĵķ̳С
˵Ľһ׶ʮָʮɫķһû뷽֮С
һ
һҲžԲ˼ٶȷɿϢĹжʮ֮ߣͨӡɢĺ⣬һɴ̱ǵѪ֮еСա
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ʥȻҲܵⷽ𶥰ƣɫޱȣſһ£һҫ߲ʹâë
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ڴʱ·ĻУʿµĲҲʼͬĽΧת
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ĸϸߣԴԴзŮС
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Ǹ߲ëĽ࣬ڰ֮н˸š
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ʱǸë֮ϵĲʹʱʢΧʥͷϷٷһȦ֮󣬱㱼Ƿһȥ
ëӯ鶯֮һɫʺȥ
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ǣϸëֻһɫθֺ󣬾ȻӲ䷽֧ڰС
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ಡಡಡ
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޽Ҫڷ֮ʱϾһĤһĲתϣȻһԤӡеķơ
˽Ծ޽ȴԵøģһն֮󣬾;âһĴѣΪƾɢˡ
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޽˷֮ϣ
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·ʥӼĻһ

ں˺ͺµݡ˼սͬʱȴӰǱһɽĵĸ¥֮ϡ
ȵľס֮


358 
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ϸ֮£ָܷ¥ΧԼԼĴ˽ƲƺзƱ
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⼸ۼ˳ص֣ȴһϲɫҲûУһۺͬʱ¶ŭ֮ɫ
Ǳס֮˵һɫϼУΪƾɢˡ
ӵˣΪ׵´ҧгݵĵͺɫ쳣ѿһȡһɫķһ𣬱һСһû˷֮С
һк´󺺴ҴҴ¥˳ܿʧ

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ʹֻһӰҲʱɢźͱһϢ;񲨶ѱ档
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ȻŲ׺ʦ֮׫i
ߣվ߽ӲӵĿܼʿ֮ߡ
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ֻҪϣھ޷һͷ׷١
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һ
һһڼʿϡ
ϵǣ̺ŶʮؽƵļƷڼʿϣȻֻһǳǳĽ۶ѡ
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ΣһеĽ½һᣬطѩѸΪһɭȻʱڼʿ֮ϡ
һ󣬽ȴǺ͸ղһģһ
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аԳԾ˿δͣһ̧֣һŻֱֶһ߿ܶȥ߷һӴ㡰顱бѿ
ʱ߼ʿӲұͬʱһ̧Ȼһ
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һʱĸоǣԼ·һСɽһ㣡
ҿӦʱûӲѡѸٺ󳷣ǿ赲Ļֻ´ʱ½ѾΪڶˣ
һԵ׫iΣЦЦȻǺ߿ܼʿ
֮߼ʿһΣǰһȥ
һ̣һĻȻ֡
߼ʿһӲֱһ󣬺Ȼһģ󣬾ֱûһ߳ĵ
ಡһ
һֱۻûΪļʿһģ󣬾֪ôȵߣһŶͷ­һ¡
һͺȣ˼ж̽һɾһƬӰĳ𣬵һУʿӲ
ҲʱǾֱۻΪ󵶵ĿܼʿҲһĵ丽
ϵĳֻһɨһɫâ
룬ֻһζͻû߰˵ͬӰâһ󣬽дӰȫһն
ֻһȴ֪ôһΣȻ˳ʿı󴦣ֱһݺһȭ
䡱һ
ʿɶǡײһ߼ʿϡ
߽һҫ֮󣬵һţײĵطɫ¸ȫȥһˣ
ԷǿĿܼʿ˵ûʲôӰ죬͵۾нһ֮󣬾һֶվٴν
õ΢΢һǣ߼ʿӲӵֱ۴˿ղǰһģ仯ֱַûΪӡذ׵ī
¼ܿ϶߿ܼʿֱ۾ûֱ


359 ɰ
ǰ߼ʿлûıһȣüͷһ£ԽעŵǾֱۻûΪӵļʿϡ
ʿѾǿˣϴ˵ش乥֮Һʿȫһ

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Цһһһɳӱ㱻һ׶ͬʱϥأпʼд
ʱһĻˣ
ںХУɫɰһľʧڰС
ԶʱչƵ߼ʿȻֻǰһͱĽɫɳˡ
һæȫƴעеĽ½ϣʱýһɨ֮£Щɫɳ
Ϊ𾪵ǣƼƷĽ½ڽɫɳϣͬͭǽһ㣬ֱð
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н½Ȼһնһ֮£ʱӿһźһһȭǰĽɫɳص
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ȭͷĿռУͬʱռҲ΢΢Ļζѡ

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ŽżƷɳ޿κΣڵƾҪƿʵ̫Цˣ
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һźɫڽɫɳϱѶѵľУԭȶ쳣ĽɫɳĻȻһһζҪļ
һĻ׫iϵЦݶʱһһ˿ɫָ糵ְ㲻ŸֹŹַ
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׫iΣвһ˿̰ͳԾ
ֱ֮ϵƬȻ֮Ӳжϣһġ
ҪԸ֮ˣϻвرġ
λʦҲǵ֮ܿ㽫һգȻһſڣһžѪӭһκ󣬻ΪѪûɫɳɰ֮С
ɫɰγɳһ֮󣬾Ҫֱ۾ʹ˰
һݣֱ۾һģء
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У裬ɳȻɢ֮һۿɼٶȵٶȷɿ£γһߴʮɵĽɫ쫷磬ͷС
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ЩȻǣɰתܾȻڷɿӣҪٲ취ȥһֱɰסǱɵġ
ٳɣһָһգʼеڹͷһת֮󣬱Ƿɿ۳һɫӰһ󣬾ͺȻһ£ұ֮ˡ


360 ɱ
һ̣Ŀһ˵ֱһƾմִһȦڲУһȭĽɫɳݺݵ
䡱һ춯صľ죡
ȭͷ֮ĽɫɳĻ֮ϣһݵľӿٱΪڲѸӿ
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Ҳһ˲䣬Զϥ׫iɵһſڣһźѪ˳ɫ԰
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䣡˵ľɰɫȭԻȭ
ꡱ֮һƱı
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һ½ٴУһ֮£½֮ϵľâǰȻͬһ֮±ǽ߼ʿˡ
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һȻ׫iλԵʣһǰǿ߿Ƕʯĵطһ֡
̿磬һһ֮ˡ
һУɫ΢΢һɣĿһƳһߵ׫iһƮ󣬻ƽ˹ȥ
׫iۼԼѾ޴۲ŪοܣȻ׵ɥʧս¶һ˿־֮⣬ǿѹϵľʹ˵һƮʹʩ֮زز
¸¡˻˻ֽд
Ыħͷ­֪ʲôʱĳ󣬷ֱ¶׹Ķλʦ
׫iһ٣ɫѿ˼㣬ٻתһҧص˵һͨ쳣Ϸ֮ϷΪ湬Ŀ䳤ϣɱңǹȻƺ湬Ժʲô³Ӧúɣ
ԣ΢΢һЦн½һһӰûжʱ
׫iһĻϼһ飬æֵҲգֻҪѴӦŹϷʲôܿϷʻЩҵġ
ûҪ¶һ˿֮ɫֱһǰӰȻΪâı
׫i˴󾪣һſڣһɫһ¶ڰյһת֮󣬻ΪһʵɫӽסͬʱһŻƺɫһ顣
ֻǰһ׫iһģ󣬹û²Ӱ
ߣߣ׵ġһӴһŶһתȡһöɫһʱһһк󣬱淽Ϳռȥ
ͬʱЫϺһһ֮±û뵽˵¡
­һЦ󣬵Ϊһ̹βȥ
һյ蹦
Ȼ顱һ
ǰһһŹĺȻӵðһɰ׹ЫӣͬʱβУȻŻԲѵ׫i
鴤ֹһö֣ҲҪģ
ȻЫڵ·Ѿ˵׫iֱӶ˹ȥ
һģ󣬾ĸϵ˵кһ½Ȼ׫iĲӡ
ۡһһͷ­µµĹ£ڵϵѣϼ⻹ΪȵľŤһ
һУŴ׫iһһһץС
Ыβһͷʬ屻һ׵ʮ⡣
һų
䡱䡱Żͷ­ͷϣΪ档
ʱ顱һ׫iͷ­ȻѶһźһżСľ״ӻмһ󣬾ͷɳԶȥ
׫iһƾ꣡
ˣüһе̫⡣
ϾҺ֮󣬸ĳЩ츳֮ͨУпܴһЩԭܴһʱط
ֻҪྫܼʱӵԼͰźõĺԶᣬһܱסġ
ȻҲкܴ˵ų֮᱾ҲΪ;Ԫġ
ȻӵдҺߣ֮٣һʮҺвſһ֪ѡ˻ں󣬼˶ѧϰˡ
ɱǿУԴ˵ָƣһһɫϯȥһ̱㽫ûС
һҽк׫iһ˿лڽбķ飬ֻڵһؽľ򣬱һеġ
һλ׺֮ʦӴʧˡ
һһתн½һĲӰĿһתһֻץŵǼöһȥ
һɫĤЩתԼεһҪָ𿪡
ȻЩ׫iӳ˾ƣһ¸޷ʹõġ
ڼȻѾȥˣȻһжðˡ
΢΢һ̣һ߿һ׶˫Щһ
ڹӣ桰ءءĿ
һһ֣յĴٴ䵽УתĹâʧԼ׹봢С
ͷһϲ֮£һ룬̽տʼŴûҵʲôرĶֻһЩõķ׭һЩ㲻ϡ
ķŴʱϽһЩЦ⣬ŴевԸƷʯһмƷĸߵݺһЩƵϡĿʯ
ȻĿǿؽľ֮ϡ
ͷһһ߶󣬾ͽУ˫Ŀϡ
ʱţɫҲ仯š
һС˫ĿһĽӶͷÿϵ˷֮ɫ


361 Ѫ޾
̽£ִ˿žкȻֻһǶһɫ伮дš澭ĸɫ֡
⾧ȻҲһټֱ֮ռ侹ݻҪϼֵӡ
Ȼ֮£һͽȡ˳
ǶܰưСͨڣӡſͷһϷ֮£Ȼһ֣ǹ֡
Ǳ澭һȴǰ벿ּʺϾһЩ벿Ǽ׫iĵãͼִ֮
ͨ⡶澭⼸Ľܣ֪ԭںĹǶܾȻһƷöܡ
˲ϲзһڷйעȥ
ۡۡ
Ŷһð濪ʼĺɫģһתɿ۳һģĺɫһۿȥʮ֮ࡣ
Ȼӵʮؽƣ
һʵһѡ
ʮؽƵѾϽ׼ƷˣΨһǰѼƷ½߲㡣
Ҫ֪ƷߣƵļӳҲҲǳʱ
׫iǲΪʦšöܾഫʮؽƵķΣҲһ֮ңˡⱾ澭ԭҪԲϷɼӳ֣ѹ׫iǾħӲëִŲˡΣҲġ˶ǷлӡµʮؽƣɾǴ˵еӦԲϾͻ˵ģ뻹ҪһĻԵСӵд˵ȱﾹδе֣Ҳ˱ˡţ۾գҲգĶеĶϣβס˷֮ɫ
֪ǣ׫iԭǴ㽫˶ƳʮƺżԼȻƾĳط֮Լһͻƿڵġ
Ҫ뽫ڶܵʮؽƳԲǱزٵġ
׫iڿʼֲȥƻҲ벻ɥڸҺʿϡ
ϾγͷܼʿÿһͷӵвһҺڵʵԼǴɳȼƷ
йǶ½澭йؾڶܵĲ֣ϸһ顣
ȻʮؽƵ֮ҲϸģҪƳؽƣ˲ٵԲ⣬Ҫ⼸ϡĸϡ
ʯҺ
֮󣬵⼸ָμУ伮һնȻĿһ׫iʬһѻҽϡ
ֻǵһץ
ಡһʮһŻƶСĽɫɰһɶһȫС
һץסϸʮһŽɳϲ¶һ˿Цݡ
ɳǰѾƷˡ
УֶһƷȻǴϲ֮顣
һתЩȫƾʧˣٽİ׹Ыͷ­ͬһն𣬾Ͳڴ˵ضͣˣһɫĻطһ۳
ڵһ㣬Ӿһζĳڻط֮ϣһߣ·۾ͻΪһƿնߡ

Ӷ֮ʱһξĳС
ಡһƿ
һԶ߼ֻһѾ˰ɿ⡣
Ǵ˿֮̽¹ۿܷаһµľɫŮӣ͸Щľ⣬ϵϢȻ쳣·һһ㡣
Ǳһ·׷˵Ҷü
һ·ϣΪɵҶü֮ǿҲҺֻ̫ǽ֮ľ뱣ټķΧڡ
˿̵ҶüΪ˵ȻʩӶݣʣ޼ٶԶԶûиտʼӶʱѸˡ
ԶԶҶüܵһ仯Ȼϲ
Ĳ²⣬Ҫ˶ãҶüŮͽĽߣʱȫ׽նɱ
ȥһյĹ
ҶüĿռȻһζֻž޴ɽһ֮󣬻ɢ
Ҷüæһȹ䣬һη۸ǰһֱ˷ۡ
ҶüľϷҪͷҷ֮顣֮ʶһնأ֪ҶüľЦһһķͭɳȻٴ롣
վڷϵҶü˿̲ٲٿطзǻתһ֣ص׷ķɳ
Ϣ֮ɫһ׷˾ҶüǰʮɵĵطȻâһ¶վķͭɳϵ֮ɫ
Ҷüüһһ˿˵һаָһ㣬ȹһ籬һǶͷֹȥ
ಡ
ҶüȻˣһ֮ȴ˿м
ܿռԼŤģƺǱֱӺӡ
ˣд󾪣ҵϴֺȻһ֮ͭϵֳһ⣬ͬʱ֮ͬʱȫٺ˿
û뵽Ҷü˴ʱȻϬɣԥһ£ǴȽ෨ľ˵
Ҷü᲻֪˼Цһһ䣬նһԲ
ʱȻʢ翪ʼΧӿ費ǽ·ӡ
Ůڱ潻֣
ˣһ
ɲԸͶԷͬھæֻ֮һŻŵȡһƴСĽɫԲ̣ע֮󣬶ʱӭ籩ǣգ۹޴һģ󣬾ͻûԲӰڡ
һֻ̣ԲӰײ֮£Ϭ޿ײ룬һʱͭɳ֮ϵƵýڽں
һݣĽ·ɳһնһȡһöξʯ
ʯ죬еѪɫƣΪŨѪ֮ζһ
ɫһָһ㽫öʯա
ʱпһֻӥģӰһ
һؼ
ֻӥӰɿڿһϳɫëһâתɢâ
޿ݵĴۺâڴգԶԶȥͷ֮ϺһѪ콾
ҶüΣɫȻһ䣬Խ쳣һʱȴҲ޷ƿЩɫԲӰ
΢΢Цз仯֮ͣ
ͷӥӰҫ۵ĳɫâвϳҲԽΨһģͷһǰöξʯ֮
Ҷü״֪ҪƵӥ࣬ȹöʯɽһֱָӥ۶ȥ
͡ɫӰʱӥͷϾʯȥ
ʱӰǳʮң
ֻ׷һУѿռŤӰһЩֱӷҶü


362 
ҶüһϷӦһݣܳʮȥܹ˽ӰĶüΪ֮һ塣
ξʯӥ൱Ī⣬ʵƲһ㻯ǿߡ
ߣϷġѪ޾֮£ҲˡԶҶüһۣɭ˵
էһѪ޾⼸֣ҶüԣҲ΢΢һ
νѪ޾ĻڵȼȫѪһС޾ϾɣûӰʵֻǰԵһЩǰͨɱʵǺ֮ı
Ѫ޾ҲƷֻά̵ּʱ䣬ټޱȣ˳߳ǿеͷ׶ô
һҶüɾ൱ڼͬʱڶ֣ʵ֮ʱ¡
ҶüҲ˵ʲôϻһҧͳһöɫ׭һ飬˫ʮָ糵ְ任ͣ
ֻһɫưٴ㺣עҶüշɽ֮УǰЩĽâٴҫǣһʮɳľ޽Ӱͷ۳ΧֻӰ໥侹˵Ľ໥ͨԼγһӡ
Ҷüһ䣬ͷɽӰ񵱼ʵ֮£ͬʱΧӰٴεת伤
ˣɫһ֣һһֳֻӥңңһ㣬ͬʱд
ӥʱһɫë̻ΪâıΧӰһſڣһʮ֮ߵĳɫ쫷磬ӭµľ޽
ĳâ뽣ӰһӴȻײĹ֮׷׻Ϊ˵㺮ӿʧˡ
Ŵ̶ı
ɫ޽ɫ쫷Ҳײһ
ɫâۡһֱת쫷֮Уʱѳɫâһֱ쫷һ̶ø졣
˶ü쳣ϸһͿԷҶüɫȻ԰ޱȣ֧Ų˶õġ
εȾ֮ˣ˲ɵдϲһʱҲ˲ʲôֻЩŮɱҴͳԼӳһֺ󣬱ݲӥ޳ҶüݺȥֲɫȭâҫĿֱҶüȥ
ӥٶȼ죬˲ͳ嵽Ҷüǰһţ;ݺһҧȥ
Ůȴ޾ɫ¶һ˿Ц֮⡣
ˣпһ£ηӦʱȻۡһȻ󣬵ǷһУȴ·һ㡣
һâ˿ûеĴӺмһź󣬾Ȼ߲ɫԲӰͻĴӱû룬ڴǰһĶ
һһĵǰһѪȪͬʱ֫һѣ֮д޶𣬻˲ڿк
ж
̵Ĵһɿ˿ڸָ£һɫҩƿеһѵɫҩ̵ĵС
ͬʱԭõȴδüصĲӥҲʧȥ˾ϵ»öξʯģ
һһɫӰ˿ûеھʯֶһѾͽöѪ޾ץС
˺ٺһЦָһоʯ㻯Ϊ촷۵ˡ
Ѫ޾һ֮һûкľҲ޷ٻûӰ˿龧ʯѾκμֵˡ
Ȱ֮ˣͬһߣòͨ˫С۾ϵɫüȴһӡ̡
е֮ǿԼ֮£Ķʱһס
˲ǰƺڶԣǿڲ෨һץһöɫֶ
δ׭üֻǵһУʱָһ
ɫʱͱһɾߣһķ䵽üС
˾ȸزʶֻҪѿϸ̧֡Ȼ΢΢Щ
üֻ߲΢΢һԵҶüֵĳ·һС鷳΢Ƭ̣ӲҪ֡
Ϻαضʱ򣬲»Ƚ˽ˣȻ˵顣ҶüȻʶ˵Ҳôס
ŶĳϺͿˣȴϢһϷ˰ɡüЩǸسҶüЦЦҶü֪飬Ҳٻɫɽͳöҩ£ϥϢ
ü߽תһߣ˵ѣĳ׶ζΣϧһȫô˱һʩչǰֹҪٶһеġ
˵ţһӣǰռ䲨һһö֮ͨɫ̾ڿУ滹ռ˿˿Ѫ
ǴղƵķشǰλǿߵķҲʩչĳ˲õ
ʱ˲ٶʲôüпһ˿ı󣬾֪Է޷ŹԼĿܣѾӿڱߵĻﵱʻ˶С
˿ܾ綾ȴȫʢ״̬ԼԴӴ˵ذȫˡ
һˣһ˿֮ɫ۵׷һ죬ȻҪʩչһֱһеǰ֮ͬھˡ
δһ;һ֮һĿڴ֫ٺѸӣ麣֮˲׹ߣȻؽһ˪ľ쳣
ʱһƬĿǾ֮ɫˡ
Ǻǣҿɫ죬м֮ǣ˿ұʿǱ֮Ϸöڡ桯мԴ㽵գü߲Ϊ⣬Ц
һԵҶüüͷ΢壬ȴҲû˵
ãݣȻݣһƬѪ죬Żδȫɥʧ֪ͻȻһſڣһѪɫһģˣͻΪһʺɫСӰ
Ӱһֵ˲䣬ͷųĿѪâѪɫһƮͬʱɢѪ֮
һſڣһѪ絽档
ˡһ
СһһƬƬѪɫһκ˰ıüһȥ
ƴ֮Զѹ׵ı
ü߼Ļɫ䣬ȻһΣ䴦ʮȥͬʱ˫糵ְɿȻһſڣһھѪ絽ǰϣʱö̾һ֮ʢӭ籩ɣΪһӰϮȥɫײһ
ɫ˾Ȼסδһ¡öϮ֮£âֳ˲֧״̬
ʱϢҶüһҧһԾ֮ٴʩչһɫâзڿһѸײڶֱӺѳΪ˵ϡ
£ѶɱĲ˲仯ΪĩʣİȴâҶüһ䣬ɫâתǰֱӽ飬ΪѪ꣡
ֻһźںɫзȻҪ˵أȴâתУ׻ҷˡ
ڰѪСӰ˲߽Ϊ㾧ƾʧˡ


363 
ü߼Ļʱһһ֣֮еһģССûвӰһתҶüһֵ˵겻ҶһͨȻ־˲٣Խ֮ľδˣĪ˵λϷˣҲǱذɡ
ˣҽ׻ڲʮ꣬뻯ڵȡ֮ǿҲһࡣһ֪Ǻµ顣Ҷü΢΢һЦĻص
ҶӵҲ˿ЩڵҲλƴִ³ϣĳҪϲˡüߺȻһתĿ˵˹ص
˵ЦˣǲʽȰˡҶü˵
ǺǣҶӹǫˡǲĻȥϷ򶴸ЪϢһϷ򶴸Ǳߣ˵ز֮ңѡϹһЦͻȻ뵽ʲôƵģĳһָ˵
лϺ⣬˷һҪΪͣǡҶüԣʶĳָһۣתľܾ
˻δ˵꣬;һɭ֮ͻȻλһ
ҶüһҲӦ죬ֵͬʱȻ䵹
ڳ䲻£Щˡ
ֻǰռ䲨һһö֮ɫ̴Ҽһ˲һɱ̹ǵĺľұۣȫӵƣ
Ҷüȴһζ󣬳ԶʮԶһط˵ָһҼ紦£ס˼ͷļ֡žһһɫ档
һŮϵѪۿɼٶȷɿ
ʱҶü俴ġϡޱʵ˵ɣΪʲôҪңͻȻ͵ϮңֻЩѪѡ
Ϊƴ½һŮޣʱȻ侲ϧԵɣϷ򲻱档ӷģҲ˼¶˵˵ҲһԵġü߼ˣȴڳ֮ԣҿƴüĿһͰ֮ɫӣ֪ˣΪǸء
͵ϮңȻ˵ҵĻԵô˵ǷӦøмˣҶüüһ˵
˵ĳҲԨԴҲЩģʶҲؾţֻҪϷ˵ȥ;Կɱ㰲ȻµġȴȻŲæ˵
ߣѴĵ̡Ϊƾղһܽ𣿡ҶüȻ¶һ˿֮ɫ˵
ˣĪҪҶĺáէԣЦݶʱһնɫ
Ҷüȴٶ˵ʲôȻ֮ѽյһŵɫ飬âʢ֮£һܵһΪȻָȫʢʱڣ
ü߼ˣʧɫֻҶüһ̧̾ұۣһ֮£շɽâѤţΪһɫɺͷת˼Ŀ
һˣҲĴΪλʩչͨ¶ɵ֮ɫԣǿϢô̵ʱѾôܡ
ҶüȻܻشٱ䣬ɽصУ˲϶Ϊһһɫƥü߷Ϯȥ
ü߳üһ£ɫΪѿæΪԼһٶȵķ׭ͽȻΪһȥʱ㿪ƺƴĹ쳤硣
ٴδӿ¶ʱȴԥ֮ɫˡ
Ҷü滹ʵڽȫԸȥӲâġ
ҶüȻ֪˺ֶλָҲǿ֮ĩֻҪ룬ȴŮĴ֮ʱ׽׽ˡ
ֻ˼ţɫһ
ǵɫһڿлһСȵԲٴ;һģ󣬺ȻûĴƬӰֱ֮⣬˿ģ
ߵɫЩˣȻһХͻΪһɫӰĳȥ󣬾ʧ߾ͷ
Ȼһ콣Ӱʧˡ
Ҷü³Уһ˿ЦĿʧķ
֮ˣʹһֶǱƷʵȴĲǿ֮ĩֲ֧˶ãٶһӣԿһˡ
ֻߴޱϧر˾ǿߣԼһСޱӣյġ
˵ǲðյĻִֻˡҽһľǲͻ弫ޣ֮ضġ
ҶüҲСֶҲֻӲ˶೤ʱ䣬ŵҩٴβϧԪʩչɶͨ˲ԶɣֻǼϢ򣬱ֻʣһһɫ㡣
յ蹤üߵӰȴٴγڴ˵ذ֮У´һκϾǰյı顣
ǰһʱҶüΪӴͨĳҪʹͬھһʱ鼱֮˲Ϸֱ档ּ֮Ĵ󵱡
ߣȻʩڲƭϷҺϷ򷽲һöǰעԼһ˿Ϣƾ֮ӵȥߣϷҪ£ܵóԸ˵
ٶ˶˶ֺȻ¶һ˿ɫļ૵Ϸڴ˾Ѿ֮ãԪҲʣ޶࣬ͻƣٹʮ꣬Ҫˡ֮ƣ׺ߣҲֻһ˶ѡ˴Ҳ֪쿪ۣϷʱתֻҪŮ׽ϣ仯Ů޵ݣؽΪָ۷ʵľ¯ʱϲ֮£ҽͻƿδ浤֮Ҳǲ֮¡
˵ϲ촽˫Ŀ֮һ˿֮ɫ
ԭüǰںΪ׷һͷޣ䴳˺ʵ֮
λ׺֮Ψһ浤ǿߣʱս浤ãڱչؾ²δΪʿʩչֶΣŵֻҪ˳£ָ۷ʱڵʵ㴫浤ķ
ߵʱƿ޷׺ڶѰԵ޹Ȼϲӣûжľ̹˳˺ʣ½ƺ󣬲»صıԪϡ
ԭһֱٿ˼ֵúʵĻģܵõйؽ浤ܣǰЩȴͻȻǰյҶüλ˵ĴѶ
ʱϲ
Ҷü㷨ĻŮޣԺ˵ɲǾѵ¯
һǣ浤ڵܺԼԪ̣λȻٹ˼ɵǵ֮飬Żںʰ󣬺Ȼ͵ϮҶüһѡ
ȻĺֻҪϢȻⱲӶ޷ٻصƴ½ˡ
һ뵽üһʱûмȥ׷ȥվԭأɫ˺һ


364 Ԫ
Ʒ壬ȱһٶһɽ塣
Ƭɽ֮Уɽԭֻۡɽϱ鲼һֺɫľɽأԶ·һĢ״ĳƣʶ
ʱ˵ĻطɽϿհ֮ͻȻüͷһ壬ȴǸеöҶü͵ƴͻȻһ΢𶯡
һöɫһɶǰƱһɫСֶָ
󣬵ɫһݣһɫڿһ󣬾϶ĳļȥͬʱԼӴһŶʼһĲͣڸɨ
һյ蹤ֻԶһһɫ߷
ˣһ񣬵Ҳһݷӭ˹ȥ
գ۹;ɫ㣬һ·Ŵ˼֣һŰµӰԼ߸
žԽԽɫͻȻ
ַɳһСξ룬ͣ·۲ǰˣΪѵǰԶһŵͣ£¶֮ˡ
Ҷü
Ҷʦ壡Ծĺһ󣬾Ҳ˵Ļ
λƽ˪Ҷüʱɫ԰쳣һ˿ѪɫûУȻˡ
Ůֻ֮ǵ˵ͷͻȻһģ漴޽˲仯Ϊ㾧ɢڿУһľֱֱ׹¡
һȻһ߷ɫһ֮󣬶ʱ׹䷽ȥ
ھҶüɾ֮ʱһӿΪһɫǰһȥ
ۡһ
˲סҶüһ˷ϡ
ųһĽŮƽ˷ۼװϡ
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Ҷüû˵֧꣬Ųסֱӻ˹ȥ
һڡĸ֣һݣ˵һȽһͷԭȷȥˡ
Ȼһ֮£ȡҩƿеһѸɫҩԲѵҶü¡
Ƭ̹Ҷüɫڶһ˿ѪɫȻ˿ûתӡ
һ֪Ů֮أȻԶԼԤϣ˵ģʮа˾žǺ׷ˡ
һοɴĲˡ
һ˼ţһͨͣںɨʱ̹עź涯

һʱ
ƷϷ֮
ŻۣͨüߣڿУ˼Ķ˼ʲô
û뵽Ůͬڴ˽ӦӦǲӳ֮Զˡ
˿۾ĶһɫԲ̣һ׹⣬һ̱شȥ
ȻӵæӦΪҲ߲ȥҶüĺ󱲡ӳҵȥüͷ΢΢һ壬Ц˵
üһԭķͭɳͻȻ¡
ҵҪܵȥ˵꣬ü˫ͭɳַת֮£̻ΪһɫӰǰȥ

Ҷü֮ңһ׷һ֮ʱĴսҲȻ뵽˰Ȼ׶Ρ
ʥļս֮䣬ʱһ춯صľ졣
ʥֻһҺʿȻƾ֮ǿнΪϾĻʿʱԲг𣬴·硣
һʱ֮䣬ҲܣҲֲֽ֮֮ơ
ŮŽս϶Ҵɨһ۳ƺȴŮüͷ
кսʤؼԼߣںϡ
󻯾ǿڲϱ任з֮УꪺֺϵĽ֯ܿѲͣײ֮ڶһʱҲѷָ¡
뺣սʿսĺʦڷֱɱһսʿ󣬴˿ҲǻѪ߰߸˲ӣ󺺵֮±ƵĽڽںˣۿҪ֧
Զ˿ʹ˻ſͷҺһټ󺺣ʤܼתۼ¡
УȥԼؽһͿأϫˮܲҲýˡ
ʥһת¶Ȼ֮ɫһҧ׼ԼѹֶΡ
飡
ٻû߲ëһεס˾޶Ĺ߽֯ײ֮·һĺ
һ̣ʥһ˫ʯ㾧Ө͸֣ͻȻǰָɿķתһſڣһö˸žӨâСͷ
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ʱѶзɳһ⣬еһתһ˰Ӱͽֶ
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ͫ΢΢һһߺ̧𣬽гɫķһס
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дʣʮָһƾն׷û뵽˷֮С
ʢһζ֮£ӭϮɫָ
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һɫһ֮£ȻһţһɫĹţӿһ
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ݽսĺҲ˾æɨһۣһ̴̣󾪵ģ̲סһԪ飬ʥˣﲻɵֵġ
˻˵ڵʱѾˡ
ЦһѾȻһ߷
ǹ˲ɰɫΪ֮ɫгȥ󣬾ڵһ£ðһƺںɫ档
ǳ޶ı棡
ʥȻǴ󾪣æʩҪһɫָ
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ɫָӰڴ˻У𽥱䵭ջΪ㾧ɢ
ʱһȣֶſлȻһ㡣
ںɫ浱һͻΪʮɸߵľ޴ǽֱ˶ȥ
Գ˵ȻԼѾ˴ԼԪرȻûٷŹֵ
ʥӼˣȻΪȻæһ߿ëûһӰʱס˻ǽ
ںɫһĿ֮£ЩëӰ·ĭķ׷ױɢ
ˣҲ̲סһαǰǿݺһҪʥӴȥ


365 
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ѿ룬һ߹зһ任Ӱ˲ģһƬɫâ˸һ»ûһ޶ɫӰһģ󣬾͵˺ǰֱһķǵصļ
Ŀһдŭ֮Ҳֻһ٣ʩԵֵһ
ݱͷӰһǰһл֮£Ҫսſôˡ
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Ůһƺߣӿֱֱ䣬ˣǲҽֱ֮ӱƬѪ
˴ϲһһߣ߱߹һȥƽֱӻΪ˻ҽ
ʥƺΪ˲͵ҺڣΣĻȥ赲ӭӣַֻ̧ųһΪһŽĽƴ
ʥ
ۿʥɵΣգҲסˣһ˫֮к˸һſڣһ³һ⣬һֻɫС룬һС
С룬һ֮£ʱɫϼԼĺ֣֮ͬӿһɹīɫҺ壬ǰӰ
ҺɢĶ·мǿҵĸʴ֮
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ͻıʣ˲Ĵˣ߻ӰԻɾһֱþѪͱһľ磡
ԴȴδãһֹϷӿֳһɷ֮⣬ȴٿݣΪһɫݹ⳯ʥӴȥ;ɫСٴһ
дƬīɫҺӿȻһ󷭹һ»Ϊīɫˮһ׼ݣһȴ˳
ʥգʹҺݷٵǰɶݶǰ󲻹һ乤ٶ֮죬ʯ
ټʶǰɫҺĻɫˮֻһεʱ˿
һһīˮ˶вɵðһãæڣ˫ſкɫһС
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ſһѪһץסСᦺݺһҡȻһƬѪʧ
һ̣һģ±ʥǰѪһͽʥҲУƿһ죬ͻΪһѪ缤ߡ
ںסͷ޲ѪһͬһıС
ˣѪ绹һŵĴӺסĸ¥жȻһû˿ɵĳⷽƿնˡ
ʥӵ˴Ƥ±ߣдŭƳһ۲Զϥɫױ任ݺͻȻһԾ£ͻΪһķȥҪȥǺ¡
գۼ䣬һǰһƿУʧʾͷ
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˵ţֲ˼֡
ܵϢд󼱣ƴ߶ҪѶԷ
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ոأȴûת뿪Ѹײڶ֮ƣƺݺԼһġ
ۡ
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һ֮£СֱһһϼУӿһɵīɫҺ壬ųϯȥ
ڶҺɳ˲䣬дʣһſһѪಡ붾Һ֮С
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ӰһܹŲԶСѪɶݶȥ
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һת󣬻һâأһƬȪӿھǰһƬ𺣣ȼա
ֻǴһжٴλָƽ֮󣬺ѲӰ
һջ˷һ仯ֻ֮ɫԭ·ء

ݴ˿ڵϣѾָһͺͷ󺺵εɫʮѿüƣһֻ沿ߣʮ
ǿŻʹһſڣһɢŵâĹŰһöľһһǰ
ʱڵϵȴͻȻ𣬷һͺ
漴ǰľбһ֮ɢһɫĹâûüеĺ໥
⵭ɫĹâڵĻֻǶʵ̫ǿˣһʱ̼Ҳ޷
һţٴζһöӨ͸ĵҩҩһâ˲ʧУڼһɫӿ뵽֮С
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ģضƵ֮ʱȴһֻ۳ΪʵʣΪԼīɫߣ˻
ݽյ˫Ȼ׹˸ڵͺ˲䣬΢΢
ۡһ
һīɫѪҺ״ӿ
ǣ͵΢΢һ֮ʱ֮ѪȻӵһ㣬ڿȻۣٴλһīɫСߣſڣϮ
ͫһд󺧣û뵽ⶾѲ
𣡡
ɫһſһŻ˲ƾն󽫶Χסڻ֮зҽУƬ֮ɢ

ˣһ
û뵽˿ֲ֮
ٴαۣ׼ָʧȥԪ֮ʱӰһΣȴޱͻȻԡ


366 ׷
أĪܵˣ
˫Ŀǰĺȹɫǲ²⵽ʲôг˷ŭ֮⡣
ߣϧԪͷŵĶҺ֮ҲᣬȲٶ˵㻤ҪȻָԪٴӳ顣¸һȻ˵˼󣬾ͻΪһӰԭʧ
ɫ粻˺һ˫Ŀٴαϣʼ˹

֮֮УһХһͭɳԶĳ䲻۵İ֮һɶ
ڳϣһüߵ߶֮»ΪһǰƿնС
ǰһٶﴦ˿̵˫ֲϴһƴ߶ŻطǰУǰȴһİɫԲ̣һЩɫ㣬ڷɿһһʧ
Щɫ㣬;µһЩ̽һһ˵üٶ׷
ɫҲһǷ֣ȥ˶ãԼͻᱻ׷ϣʱԷҪǻǿ߻ԼǶֵġ
Ӧ̽ɢ˿˿ͻȻһ΢΢ſһöУŷ׷ӿ룬֮йâתҶüס
еĽɫâʧ֮Ӱ¶
ֻǣԭȴҶüϢ䣬òȻҲȫͬ»ط۵ƣҲһģһ
ֱҶüӰŲͬķȥ

һʱվͭɳ֮ϵüӰڿУüͷ壬¶ԥ֮ɫ
ôϢһǲͬķ򡭡
ü龵૵һʱ侹֪Ǹ׷ȥ
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ʱһŻԲѵҶüڿмۡ
֮ϣо˸˼£˿ϵĲȷԷԶȥв΢΢һɡ
ӣԷһǽӰȥ
ôԷٴ۷ʱ

СӣȻֶƭϷ򡣡
üһƽɫҶüķӰ÷飬Ŀɫ̲ޣּ̣ɢɫ۱ᣬ֮лΪɻҡ
Ҳ죬ȻϷ׷طҲƭˡϡԷҲûмˣȻҲֻһӰˡ۷ѱϷƳҵҪܷʲô
üһһߴ߶ͭɳתӦһȥ

ͬʱ΢΢ףڹеҶüһۣüͷ
ŮϢޣӶʱ޷ˡ
ȻˣƻԵҶüȻһʮΣյĸо䲢׿ȥ
Ŀһ˴Ůͷ֪ʱֵһƬ죬ԼװϵļѪϡ
Ҷüͷ֮ˣʱֻͨ͵ҩʱƶѡǰһǱУȴô˿ٴαѶ
ϾǻǿߣǿҲ۷ڼ䣬ٴˡ
ЩѪȴһ֮£뵽һʱİ취
ð۽䣬Ӵȡһɫ죬˫۳һƬģһɫâЩС

һ˫֮䷨һ䣬췢һ͵Ĺâɢڵ֮Ͻ֯γһµ󷨡

һ£ϵ󷨣˲زûһ˿ۼ
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ѪҺʧĵطĿкһһ׳½йõĽƷ󣬽Ϣεһɶ󣬲ٴڿ

ʱ֮һһͭɳڴ˵صϿա
֮һ۵ϣֻǴ˿ȴѲӰ
ţ
ϾڿУ˸ϴΧһУȴʼպ
ˣоŮϢڴ˵ء
üͷ壬૵Ŀеһƴ̡
Ҫת뿪֮ʱɫͻȻϢ͵ر̻һĹ⣬˲䱻Χ
һ̣֮ǰõ󷨾ʹ˼˲һĽΧס֮б˵
ӾȻڴ˵ز󷨣䱻ץס֮ʱҪҷйͷ֮ޣ
̼䣬ŭɫһʼ߶ȫӦǰ󷨡
һӴףֻǸ˷󣬲κιܡԽˣҪҲҪķЩֶΣ
Ͼһǿߣ֮Ǽ̣еĺ棬һƬ𺣣ܷ
ʱ䣬ںϯ֮£еĺɫϡ֮õЩѿʼ׷߽⡣
ϵӰҲ֮һɫɨһ̣˵ȡͭɳڿлһɫļȥ

˹ϢͻȻеһ󲨶һ֮£ʱʧɫ
ԼǰʱҲڷ;һЩص̽˿ЩԱǰٶһһԱʹһʱ䲨ϡ
üߴ˿ɿԼ׷
ԷΪǿߣֶҲΪôʱʶԼķӰ׷
ɫһ粻ҧҧһӴͳһŷ
׭е⻪תмйɣһ֪ǷƷ
ʹ֮ɫһţĿһҧ⣬һھѪڷ֮ϣ漴һֽ󱬣˲쫷ϯ쫷ƶ֮΢΢ٶȶʱ֮ǰ˼֡
΢΢һʱŸеһ΢΢ͷΣвɿЦϾƽʧȥһھѪǰ֮ǰһ̲ͣĲʩ
ûµϢָղĵľѪٴθеǹǿޱȵĻϢԼ֮߰⡣
ֶʱٴ׼ǿٶȡ
Щɻǣ˿̣ϢȻԼи߲ʵѹȸУƺ֮ǰ
ûϺ«ʲôҩԼˣλѣǺα׷ҸϣҿᣬΪ˲Ҳ֮ţʵͣ£̸̸Σ
Щ˲䣬ֻʶһȻо˵֮˺Ͱ֮ɶһʮŷĸо
ãϹȻͨһ̣Լǿʱһ˹¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ


367 ݵ
ʶ߿ĳԻǵطҧأֿʼ𷨾߶
ֻüĴһâʼ˸֮һӴľͷŶסٴвϱ任רעݷȫǰУ󷽵ͭɳ˦Щ롣
ƺδӰ죬ɫһȴ֮ǰ͸һ˿֮⣺ѣط۵ȷҲǷƷܼ˳ʱķУٶȻԽԽ죬ϷȰ㣬ȿԼ°ɡ
һ˻һʶɵɨһ·ۣжʱһ
ʱĻطȷ;ۣ֮ǰǿ֮ͨ£ѳ˿˿ƣȻǿ֧Ųסˡ
ٲ˺ʹǰУֻۻֱڿ֧ˡ
˼⣬˼һתϷҲ˶٣ٶȱȸղЩ
ϼ״һϲͭٸϣͬʱԴ֮ȰСҲǴˣ׻˵ʶʱΪܡοҶʵҲǹʽˣ˴αҶΪһС£ֻĸԼ֮˵˼仰˵ǵһŭ֮°νϷ֮ʧ˻ԡʵϷþɽȣ֮ͨСԭһ
ϸеƺЩɶæ˳СѾܷģֻҪԸͣϷҶȥĳһˣҲȷľ԰ȫһƷΪġ
ƺǰȣ˼ֵӣϰԵԼ⡰깴ǡ
Լھ֮ǿϴ֮ԸһҺСȻڻ¡
һ̣Цһסˣűɫˮ
ֻǰĻطڷɿ潵ȥȻǰδܵκӰ죬ҲһΪȻߣȴǿ˹
Ƕɱĸʢ˼֣ô˳ɳȥպؽΪԼĸ󻼡
ĵصһƬɽɴһ֮۾ͻһɫ򣬱˻ȥ
ڿп䶯һ㶣תŭΪϲϸֳһЦ
俴޷֮٣ܲԼΪӵɽֵƾ˦Լ
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οȲܶҶü˷ۣȻҲҪһܣѳԼĸ췽ҹ̷ˣ
˼ţͬĲͭ䵽ɽ֮Уڴ˹Уɫͨһһ
ֻǣĿɱŨ㲻Ųæȥһгӡ
ҶüӰº󣬷ɿͳһŷ׭ϣһɫƤһϼ󣬹Ыڡ˻˻һ
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˵꣬ɫü޷Զһọ̈ŵһʱӿâŰ
ֳһֶָ̱ɫâ˲䱩ǣֻȻһƿһһ˿խĴ󶴣ʮ
üҲԥȥϸ׷ҶüϢ

˿̵뱧ҶüĽڻΪ߰ɳľ޴Ыϣڵɳɳķɿǰнš
Ыһƹ⣬ȫ棬ƹ֮ɳȫֱӶһ㡣
ֻǼ䣬ЫѶݳʮԶȥڵµĶ˿ڿеԷȥ
Ыܹڵص˶еҲڴ˹Һں󣬲ȻֵģһֱУԼѹֶαõġ
Σͷ䲻ùЫʩչȻһʱü֮ľ롣
ʮĵطǰɫâ̿£ͬзɿ촩ţȴһʱ޷׷ϣҷҪѵơ
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ŭǣԼһǿߣȴӶһҺʦѡ
ҲףԭһִķĶЫܵ飬϶޷̫õġ
뵽ˣ÷Զ񣬵߶̲ĸȥ

һ󣬹Ыʮӣɫȴʼ
ں͹Ы£ѸеΪȫ߶ݵԵʣڷѾЩˣͷŵĻɫâҲʼһı仺
һ˷תĵһŻɫڹЫһĺ󣬾ͻΪһƬƹûвӰ
֮һͽԼڴֱЫڿעȥ
Ыһ󣬵ƹһʢپٴμӿ
Լڷйɫޱȣ֪ȥԼԼֲ̫õġ
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ŹЫٶȵٴμظӦԼľڲ̡
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˶ڵһǰһ󣬳˰ʱ
˿Ϊʧ̫ɫΪ԰ף˫ĿҲΪ
ʱüٴ׷˾Լʮ֮ڣٴͨͣɧ
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οԼʱķҲൽ˿;ƿݵĵزˡ
˼ţڣɨһԾƯ麣СӰһۡ


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䲻Զ֮ϯضָ֮󣬲Ż˫ۣüͷ΢ĿʯϵҶü
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ҩ֮󣬾˲ڻһҶüȫ֮С
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һҶüŮ֮ȴưֽһˣҪ˵Աס֮󼸺޺κйӴ
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׷ʲôȻǱ
˶ǿϢĻǿߣĶӣԼޱȣҲȻ
Щݹߺ󲻾ã󷽲Զִһ쳹յĺһƬɫϼǵصķɾԺǰݹⲻٶǰɿƽţƺ׷ǰˡ
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374 
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е˫Ŀһֵı顣
ʱһԵɫƽ糣Ѿκ˰ķؿȫһĪӿͷһ֮£ȻһΣʹһӰĳҶüߴ
Ҷüһ˵ЩʲôȴһЦİڰ֣Ȼ󻺻ת׿ʣƽ˵²ţ뺣ʸ´ƣ
һ˵ɫһ±þ֣овмš
ڶмܵ浤ǿߵһƣ˵ֻһɹҲһҺԳܵġ
ȻǰƣҲû˵۾΢΢ĴһǰֻҺڵ꣬ĿһҶüֶԷ鿴ƽĿȴһ˿֮ɫжʱ˼ֻȻɫ˼֣һ󣬱˵ȻƣôԸǣ
һӵ̧ұۣʱǿϢһ磬ɢϵİڷл죬ȻҪ۳˪һ㡣
ܵɢϢؿڶʱֿҪϢĸоĿ֮еɱ⣬һݺݴͷ侫ǿҲе·ʲôиһ㡣
ͫ΢΢һ󣬵һһھ֮еķѷת󽭾㱼ڲϢʶе̫֮ӿȥ
ŷӿ룬ԭɢŵСӰʵ˼֣ǳʱˡ
֮ɫЦһȻһģ֮۵Ȼһ󷭹һ޴ɫʱͷ֮ƾն֮ͬʱĺ֮
ڴƳֵ˲䣬ͫһǵܵɢϢ֮ʱɫ΢΢һ䡣
ɫɢϢȻ֮ǰκһӵĻҪǿ
پǿ֮ѿһƣ俴ƺǰһģһ̺ǰ֮ࡣ
Ű˿ɫδ¶ӣȴѶɱġ
ڳ˽Ϊ֪˶Ļ֮ǿߣ˵ȵزʵ˼ȻҲǾޱȣ㷢еΣںʵƣȻ˿顣
Ⱥ֮е֮һ˿ײĵǵڴ˾֮£ȴ޷˵ʲô
ԭɫ䵭ҶüΣͻȻɫ䣬ϢȻǣھ֮еķת
׼֮ʣ֮ȴʹ֮У֮۵ķʱȫɢ޷ֺˡ
ԭ֮ǰˣδȫָǰִ˳ʱ䣬ټӷ뺣ʽ֮ʱȫʩչһ֮¾˱ѸֻǱһֱѹƣ˿ɫѡ
˿ҶüۼΣڵϦ߶֮ʱ¾һһʱ޷κηˣ֮в¶ֽ֮ɫ
ȶϲ¶ʲôɫȴ޷ʵǿ俴ĿУɱ˼֡
ſеɫԼԽԽƾǿľ֮ȻҲóǰһǰһȫͬʱһɷ֮ĵȻӿͻȻһҧĴȵĺã
羪װը֮У
ԭ뱣̫ߵͷ˿̵Ȼ޴棬һ֮£ͷһ󣬶ʱûһһӰڿͬʱзȻһ䣬ʮְָһ󵯳󣬵һޱȵķǰ۳˽Ӳӵķģʵ쳣
˿ʩչַ̫صһֶнԽ̫һ˲ȫйӵ¡
ʩչطȴǽ֮ĳɢʧһʩ֮һ̶ܷɣ˲ᡣ
ö֮飬ʦԾΪԪվһöе̺ɲ⣬ܽԱӵµĻ¶ԷһƣӦþģ˵شԷҶüһ˿ߵĻᡣ
ǽӲºһƵĻСûˣٱö֮кá
޿£ת󣬾˲еϵͬʱǰ׵޷ǿʱֹעһܣҲڱ
ǰɫһƬʱһſڣһѿڶâ֮аһö糤ĽɫСӰ
Ȼö̫֮飡
֮黯𣬶ǰеĽɫķ׷ûС
СӰӭ籩ǣһ̱㻯һɴСͨɢҫ۽âĽɫ޽𲻶֮ϸ¶һ۵·ͷβܲ
˿̵Ľ֮飬ԶԶȥƾʵ޽һ޶

֮еľ޽кɫһͻȻԼؿڷɿһġ
ۡۡۡ
˲䣬ھѪȪӿһƬѪѪ֮ɢž˵ž޽ڶȥ׷뽣֮С
ɽ棬ԭɫĹâ֮Уɢ΢ĺɫâ֮ڡһ£ûѪɫ棬ʺޱȣյգ̵ۡ


376 浤
ղһеķڵʯ֮䣬Ļǿ߿ǰ𺳾ٸܵɾ޽ԼɢĿֲ󣬶Ȼ䡣
޽һֵ˲䣬Ǻëһƾ׸о
ＸΪĻǿߣʶ˺󼸲˲ץס˸ԵķȻ
ǿߣһۺ󣬶˶ԷĿеľ֮ɫ
޽ɢĿֲϢǶնĻûܽµ˿ա
Ҷüſо޽Ŀ䣬ȴһ˿ֱ顣
Զ֮İ꣬ھ޽۶ɵ˲䣬ϵ֮ɫҲɢӰ٣ȡ֮һľΣ֮У붼͵صͺһڵķǷתһ˿ڽɫ޽ϢȻ
һʱΧǧ֮ڵ׷ӿ룬һɿɫֱ
֮ʱһ𣬱Ϊһ壬֮ɢѹǰ
ɫƴ˿̸ǱɴСһֻ֣֮ںһ֮£̩ɽѹ£ɫ޽ȫ¡
˿̾ǰյһʮ
ʾȻ˲佫ڷ˼£
Щҡҡ׹壬Ķſµɫƣһ֮£нɫ޽â֮£㳯оһնȥ
޽֮ռڵʱһҷƿ֮ɽʯѰصǧ֮ÿ䡣
ھ޽ĿҪ֮ʱ֮ɫâȻһ˸渡ֳɫΣλ֮£㻯һ㵭ɫĻưС
䡱һ
޽΢΢һı赲⣬޷֣ѹһ˵Ĳ֧
ߣ
һԴֳ֮ߴӰдɫâţòģһƬ
Ľɫ޽ȻԶԤ֮⣬ԷϾֻһҺʿԼʱȫԸ֮£硭
ҲΪһ֮ʹ˱֮ʱǱ赲ľ޽Ȼ䷢
޽ƣȻһ󣬾ͻŤһɫĹâӳճһ֪ɫת֮£׷׳ɫĻӿȥΪһŽɫбѶɢһȦȦľ˲
գۼ䣬վͱɫɫĻâռݣճһƬˮݵ쾰
ȥѤޱȣ֮𺳡
һζ󣬽Ϣ֮󣬰ƵɫĻڽɫĻ֮о
ɫ޽˿ҲǽһֳɴСı壬ȻâȴɢĽʸС
һ
޽ɽݺݵײھϣӲնһȱڣ˲仯ɴСڲ˷쿪
ʼˣɫ䣬ָɿƺҪʩֵ
һ̣ɫ޽һ󣬾ͽ;ӲһնΪһֱһնȥ
䡱һ
ƻΪֲ˲Ѷⱻ΢΢һ˲Ϣţһģ󣬾˾֮У˲佫ɫ֮еĺʣն롣
ôܣȻն룡
ʴˣ
Ⱥ֮еĻǿߣĿ֮£Ĳ˼飬и̲ס⼤
Ȼ˻δѹ֮ʱ
Ǳն壬Ȼɫâɢ֮УǵԼ֮ɫͬһɢ
ͬʱһʮɺд˶С
ҺСܷһǱʶܼʱ»ҪЩ˺ˡ
ԣһԭʲδɣղűնģȻֻµӰ
ѭȥӰȻٴγһߵɫâ֮Уһ࣬ȴƾնһ糤˿ڣеɫѪҺʶ˰֮ϣѪҺ˲̣˿Ҳգۼʧ
һٴγǰü֮ɷƣ˫ľĶſо޽ˮ
ԭڽɫ޽ƿƵ˲䣬оһһĸо
ϵھɢ֮ʱԱŷǿþ޽ڿͣһ£ʩչһ̺һ˿ķӰ޽
һı޽УѾΪ浤ǿߵҲҪһġ
ˣɱ޽ϵĽˣȻֻƤ仮ơȴ浤֮ĵһθˣĿⲻһ˿֮ɫ
ʱɫ԰ףͷ𣬺ܼʹ࣬ѵվԭأն
˵Ŀ룬۵İɽɫ޽ڱǿֲһ֮󣬻ѷܲһ󣬶ʱѿɫĩɢڿ֮С
Žɫ޽Ļɢܵ˶΢΢һɡ
ȴЦһ
˿Ϊ֮Ա񺳶ش麣֮УΪ֮ǰ˲йΪ֮鴤ֹھҳһţκγ֮ˡ
˹໥Գ֣Χڶ໯ǿߣݳ𣬻ȫɫ
Ҷü֮оתгЩ΢Ծ֮⣬ȫǵĵ֮ɫ
󣬺ȻŶĺЦһ˵񣬲֪·סһˣ
Ļ֮Ȼ˫ֵıֱվԭأ˲両һ˿ɷڳĬƬֺ̺ȻЦһػص˵ֻ֮Ҫܽһƣһӵй齵ʸ񡣵ǷΪ£ȴ˵֮ˡһлҪ
Цص˶ߣò˶һݡ
Ǹ´δҶʦֶҶüüһ󣬵һ䡣
Ͻ֮УһڿɡȱһۺҺūܽ±һƲķϣͽУΪЧɣˣ˼ѾˡǾͺͱһغһ˰ɡʼҶüʣͲ˼˵
Ҳ𲻴ӦһתƮȻһķǰɫĻ֮С
֮ҲֻܽС
Ƭ̺󣬳ȴ֮⣬˵оֻʣҶüԼ֮ˡ
ɫӵĿۣ΢΢ǰſԣҪ˵Щʲô
ǣԱߵȴ͵ƣһץס˵Ķݹһ𣬶߾˲֮ˡ
ĳֵˣȻһϳǰ֮˱ǵС
ڴ˵֮£˿û鷳ˡ
Ȳ˵ѱΪ£ԼҲ޷ԱУղ뺣ʽ֮ʱǾһҲдΪ¡
Ҫǵ潫ʵ޷ԷһԷʩչʽԼӦԵġ¾䵱ҲǺֵ顣
ϵʥ֮ѣлҲֻеȴպˡ


377 ɫҩ
ǰԻ֮ʱһϸĴ
ǿߵļʶȻĳ֮ǰĽɫСԪɽõĽ֮顣
ɻֵǣֻҺڵ۳֮ģ˿ֲ
ۿ佣һ֮󣬻ΪɻңҲһڽ֮߱Ȳ˵ԪˣҲ޷ʩչǰһƸԭ֮޽֮Ҳ޾Ŀˡ
ԷܶηǾһԺҪ˱ᣬʥ֮鳹Ժˡ
ߣѵ˺ʣ˵ʱ˵ǽ֮пɿʯ˶¾˵ǰ򵥡
Ҳѱʲô뷨ҲȻڴʱðȻʲô
룬ȻҲܲ²֣ʱҲֻܵһЦĲȥᡣ
ҲȥԭؾֻʣҶüˡ
Ҷüü΢վһԣһۣߵԡ
δڣҶüһӣâ˸֮֮бһö˱ǵĻɫҩ
öҩһ֣ɢһɹŨһ֪Ƿӡǵҩתɢŵɫâһڣپˬ
콫°ɣ
ҶüҲ˵ʲôָһҩͻΪһķȥ
һţͽ˵ҩ̽˿УΪһɽҺ븹С
Ҷüԥһºֱ̧ۣһģһɾȥҩɿɢ֮󣬱㻯һؾ֮⣬ھ֮ߣ޸ľ塣
˼غ֮ǰǿ۷ⷴɵĲʣ㱻ǿѹ
һת׿Ҷü续һۺ󣬵˵һл
˫ۣٲ鿴һ״
˿̵ģ֮еľѺܲЩλԭŨ麣֮УҲɺԵûһ˿
龰ЦѣлҪ⣬ҪԼǿԶͬףѾ϶ˡ
񼴱Ҷü˵ҩָ֪Ҫʲôʱ顣
𣬸ղԶ֮һ֮ʱͬ𺳲ѣû뵽ö̫Ա֮£ȻӽΪ浤֮ĺʶ˵
˵Ա֮ıˮһţͨĻڽ´߶֮ԱҲ˵ʷֺġ
һǼش̫Ȼͬ죬һ˵λ̫ʦΪ֮ߣǻ֮ô򵥣ʮа˾űͲںʣ浤֮Ҳǲܵġ
ǰһܻ
Ҷüŵ˼˫΢΢Щ̾һſڵҪ˵Щʲô
ȻڴʱɫĻ֮УӰһɳ
һ̧֮ͷȥݺͳˡ
ɫĿˣ˵ڴ˵ظʲôѵΥʴ˵ɣ
Ŀɨ֮ʱͫȴһ˿ɵ֮ɫ
ȻһҲ̫ӡˡ
ҶüüһĿŶˣȴû˿뿪֮⡣
ݼˣһ䣬¶в֮ɫ˵ôҶѵ뷴Ҫ˵Ļһоݹĳˡ
䣬ڵһǿѹһŶ
Ҳ¶ЦЦɫֻǿҶüĿȻһ˿ײ֮ɫ
Ҷüˣ˪ָһɫСһƾո֡
߰ɣֻҪܻһжпܵġ
ʱȻһץס˴Ůĸ첲΢΢һЦ˵
ҶüһһתĿ˿һۺɨɨԼ첲ϵƺ󣬾ĬȻƬ̺΢΢ͷ
Žһɣݶ˵ʲôһһƮȥ
Ҷüָ֮ɫĸ˹ȥ

ɫĻУ֪ʲôʱһʮɷۣͨں֮ɫ˸һ㵭⣬һ֪ǲ˷ͬһĽơ

ϸ֮ʱ֮У֪ʱһöƵİƴСơ
֮ӡһɫѩӡǣֲ֪ͨ巢ˮתʯһ㡣
ֱһΣ֮Ȼһɫâ۱Ľ֮Угһ㣬ۿɼٶɢһ̱γһ϶ڡ
˾˳ŷ϶˲û֮С
Ƭ̹˾вһ䲼þµľ޴У걳ǣǰҵһɽˮͼ
ʴˣѴݳ΢΢˵
Ǵȥ԰һ°ɡˣöҶ̫ʧˣͷҲص˵
ǣ
ݺͳͬʱֻӦͷֱҶüȥ
ſʱݽ˸󣬳Ҷüǰȥ
Ҷüû߳Ȼعͷһ֮¶Щ֮ɫ
״΢΢һ֮£ȴҡҡͷͷһ֮£ۺȥ

һ㹦һΪƫƧСУֻɷԲӣڷżŹӵΣܽԱľΧľ渡һػɫĹĻϸСתţɢŵ
ĴһȦ֮ɫ䣬Цһ
˶ƣλҪ춯ֲ±˷֣ԵԸɴ˿ɼһߡ
תһĺһϣӴóһöҩ֮󣬿ʼ˹ˡ
һθ֮أһǵһ㾳磬¶Ǵпܵġ
ڶ˵ҪľǾƳѹסȻظЩ˵
ʱĿ˹ʱ򣬺ȻһŲſ֮
˫˲ſ֮ȥӰһΣݾһ۵ĳڷ֮С
֮ʱ϶ʱ¶һ˿ЦߵǰͻȻ˵ұһ̧һӰĺݺݵĻ
顱һ졣
һ֮£ӦԷȭͷдһɹ֮ʹǿҲɫʱৡһ£԰˼֣ͬʱ𣬶ͷ亹ֱðǻδͣȴһȭ
СӣһȭζΣϺһ壬һЦ˵
һһںڵĵҩУһ֮£һڹ⣬뵽С
ұһΣǺݺһ
ʹ֮£ʶһͽҩ뵽˸С
ɫҩڼΪһȳɿ뵽֮С
ҳԵʲô
ǿֱӺ󣬸о֮е˿˿䣬û¶ŭı飬ʮƽʵ
֪ˣݼˣһ˵


378 Ѫ˿
ݵĻ䣬ͼһתһ֮£ȻжһöѪɫơ
ʮֹӣ⻬޺ۣԼаƴСɢŵѪ֮
һ˿ɫһָһ㣬ʱһɾעС
ĴͻȻһһ£ȴһ»ΪһŷתѪɫΣѸٿɢһ콫ƱС
â䣬Ʊ渡ֳһݺύ··ʵ֮ɫ֮ɫӳǹ֮

ݿһ֮£Ȼ֮ͷһס
ڿеһת֮£ڿУɢһȦȦҫ۵Ľɫâյĺ
ݼˣпʼд˫ּӿһɫģǰһ󣬱׷û뵽֮ʧ
Ʊ·ڷӿ˲䣬ƻһ㣬֮Ϸ׷ڿһ۳һѪ⣬Ưڰ֮С
׼һָ̧֣ſһץ
֣һ½ѪɫС
ҷ֣
һ֮£ָһѪɫŶʱһΪתͣ
һһָ֮£һѪɫһģ󣬱㻯һѪ⣬һûУʧӰ١
پ麣֮һ·Ĵʹޱ֮Уд֮£ȴǿŲδͷ͹˫Ŀȴһݡ
ٺ٣Сӣǰĵҩƣ͵ں׵һӿūɣʱݲһЦ˵
һ֮£֮ʣµһѪɫţΪһѪ뵽ڿе֮С
һ֮±㻯ӹ⻬ıģһûʧˡ
һģʧڷ֮Уԭؾֻʣһˡ
ʱ麣֮ǹɷ츲صľʹ֮Ҳ֮ʧˣʹ䲻һ
˿̵˵ڷʣ޼ȴǿᣬݲδӳַȭ֮£ʹѵʵʶɵ˺΢΢
Ƭ̹׵Ĵӵذ֮Ҳȥˣڵϱ˫ĿʼĬĬļеı仯
ǰһĻ˵֮С
ǺʵԸ񣬶½ƣǺϡ֮¡
ûϴĻЩǿҲһ㴦ãһ⡣
Ȼݣλ˷ĵؽЩǿߣǴһͬǰϳ֮С
˼ΨһıǣԷȻСĽΪȴûнԼԼеҩȫߡ
ѵΪԼֻҺڣ֮䷨ۣ
ҪȻǹΪ֮Īǻⲻɣ
вϲ뺣ʵ⣬ֻȼ֮е״

ͬһʱ䣬һεٳھۼװʱȴǰԶϣһɫȹĳվﳯ˴
һݣһ˫Ŀת˼ת֮£Цһ˵ݣˣСӵΣ
ߣΣȻ˺ʵѪ˿СӵҲ־ǿ֮ڷ֮ʹ£߶δһһԾԣֶޱĵ˵š
Сӵȷǹ죬ҺΪ˵浤֮Ҳǿٲ׺֮ȴ֪ʴΪλҪ£˵ֱӽɱѻ꣬˵̽ʲôܳḧһƷ˿Ŀ˸ĿݣڴŶԷĻش
Σҵܽ׵磬һйٻԵġӵĽ֮Ȼɢ㻹ʲôܣҲֵúʴˡСӽ֮У³ʲôܶᱻЩظһѹե񲻱ҵʩչѻ֮һСģŪüɵǿĶࡣݺٺһЦ˵
ߣ˵ĵǺҿʴҶüջ󣬲Сһġԣȴɫһ˵
˵Щʲôʴ˵飬ҿԺ۵ġɱһæ»һûκ˺󣬲żæĴ
Ҳ֪Լһʱ鼱˵˻һҲٶ˵ʲôˡ
ݼˣһɣɫһԵҲ֪ֱͨ޵ԨģǱ߲Ϊѹƣʱ޴ܳʴЩץĿū͵ҩ޿֮ණߣΪıԱ֮ɼˣҲ׶༪٣ÿ겻֪жҺū档ҵĻڴڣҲȻ˵ȻġοΧѷĲˣЩūÿ¶ܲȡ㹻ʯΣԸǲ֪˶ٱˡ
ܾСЩ̫򵥡λҶüߡɫһ粻󣬻ЩȻĺһ
ˣСˣںʴ˿֮£˿ΪǿҲ˶õġҶӵ飬ҿȥܵġɫȻһ֮һͻΪһ뿪ˡ
Ȼԭأ߶˼顰Ҷü֣粻˺ôһģʧԭء

۵Ĵմ֮У۵ĺʣֶǰľ湬շԸʲô
ȹնˣɫվһԾʱʱĸһϲ˿֮ɫ
þзһ֮ڣɽ£бԪСзߣɱ⣡ʵ˵֮ȴϺͲɡ
ͬʱ֮ƺɢһ浤ǿߵϢ˸оһɽѹؿڣѪ
ǣʴˣ
ȻǰΪһ֮˿ȴ˿飬пЦһ׷׸͵ڴӦ
ĵ˵ͷɫº͵İο˼󣬾һֵ뿪ˡ
պȻ뿪˺ߣǰȴѾλ浤ǿ˽ƣʵʵټ֮󣬾ͻһ磬뿪ۣŸڷ򼲳۶ȥˡ
ʱ֮еĳڡ
ڵذ֮ϣɢŹϢ

ĺһյ˫ۣƤ԰֮⣬ɫѿ
һ֮̽£֮ıϣ˿һ˿˿ɫɢ˿˿ĸʴԣʴԼอ
ɫȻ֮ǰǿиµöɫҩɡ
ɫʮֹ죬ƹ֮ӰΡ
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ʱԱߵĺ´󺺼ԭأһ˲ֱ̧ۣսȭͷһӰݺıȥ
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ȭͷʯƣӲޱȣڿоһ磬ϣһģµվֱӡ
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ǰ׹һͷĿѣ֮󣬾ͺȻһʪĶҤ֮С


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381 
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382 
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ǱΪĹǵϸ鿴£Ӧĳ޹ƣΪ̣ȴ˿ûֻǷǳͨһ˱ֻǸӷһЩѡ
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漴ֱۣ̽ӵؿںֱ۴£վ˼˲ʿȴһǿ٣⵹Щֵġ


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һʧ߸ˣһУֱӶˡ


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Ŷרڶ˵صˣЩıƺɱ˶ƵĹЦЦ˵ţİŪ˼ԭڶԷĹǵ
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ǣЩʬ淺ĵ⾹Ĳ֪ɫС棬Ҳһ
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Ѫƶɵԣ޷ãһڣԿɸеһɴ̱ǵѪζ˱Ƕ֮Żѳ֮
˵Դ̤ɽֱʳѪ⣬⻹ǵڶΡ
ϾѪƳɵҩЧϲ٣ʺ͸ҲһЩ
֮ʱҲЩԲߣڸЧúȴЩղ
ԭɣ֮󲻾ã㻯Ϊһϸ΢徭֫ٺԼһ˵̹оǶƺһ¸һ֡
ǰ²ǰ㣬֮һ洦
Щֵǣ֮ڷĻָȴ΢΢һѪͬˡ
޲ޣġ
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ʱЩףΪЩūΪһЩϡʯƴˡ
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˵ȴǸɶõڡ
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еʯʼ˸һȦȦ͵ĵâҲʼı˫Ŀ׼붨С

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ȻʯȥҲֻܻȡһЩѪˡ
һɫʯڳ󣬾ͱֱںϣһٶ࿴һ۵ӡ

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ڼÿһι̶ʱķųЫһЩʯ⣬ʹˣָ֮ûˡ
ʮкȻѾ˰ʯ֮࣬ȻˮʯӶӡ
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ٻصУһƾƤʮˮʯȫװУͬʱֳ嶴ڴĹЫһС
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ݳӸһҽУ˻ΪһźӰ󵹷ɳȥ
ʱȻһ棬ΡಡһͻΪһɿĳӵ壬һĵ˶ǰֱֻһģûȭӰ
ūһδηʱ㱻ѸײڶȭӰͬʱϼҪֻһۣǰһðͿԶûԵֱӷԵڵء
Ϊ׵ĺߵǶ죬һ֮󣬼ʶĵһ˲䷺һ㵭ɫĻȻסǰȭӰ
Ƭ̺ɫĻһĸֳһѺ
һɫһҪƴӴܡ
ֻϹĻһԺ󾢷һ𣬲һһڵҶԵϡ
ȴ˲ǵһӶ󣬾һĽն˹ȥ
ʱǰɵİӣˤϣ֫޷վֻĿɿڴĿǰһУһŵģ
ʱٴλתĿ˰һۺȻһζ͹Ȱĳǰֱһ󣬾͡顱һͽһȭҲ˹ȥ
ţĽϵĿʯѹθɾһ·ڴҡȥ
һѿĿ࣬ΪŮһ߹һ˼ǿЩЦݵ죬û˵ʲô


389 ɳ֮
ΪҲڣʵôǿᡣҲİĺܣǴ˵صˡīߣڴ˵ʱϳмС᪡ŮԶͻȻתһʵ
ǰҲδˣһȭܻ֮ĹǵӦһɣ⵹һǻǲǵһǰ°ͣ˼˵
Ŷ˵ɳϴǧʯɱܵܵˣһһֿ϶˵
ǴûˣץԽԽ٣ܽɳ϶һϣͲͨġ˴ƣʮֿ϶侲˵
ģҲȥɿʯȡ½ҩġǲ𣬵Ǹ֪ĻӦûġīߣɳϴ󱨸ŰɣǧʯҲǱСĿˡǲͨ籨ѶģҲġһ򾫺껺Ը
Ե˵ͷóһСƤдһЩִһСƤٳһֻͬĵͽСޣƤϺһ׳ȥͬʱдһ
СգգŶС飬漴һ̵ĴܽһԵͨвӰ

˿̵һװʯľ޴нţв֪ԼѾй¶ұͨ籨š
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Щūһ˲ô˶ӣȻϵķΪɵûʲô󶼷ɿһξɴֱ·ıܿڡ
ЩЦˡ
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ȷһѰ֮ȴǱƣҵ֮ܵСӣ㵨ӻ治Сɳĳİܶɱͱڻ뿪˵ˡСɳϴ󡱵ľ޺Цһ˵
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˰Ķź̸ȻѾһЩūȫ˹
Щ˷׷֮ͣ߿ľʣɫ쳣˷ܣһϷģ
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޺ֻǵһ
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ˣüͷһ壬ֱһ󣬾ͽ˶ӵһԣһһɫСʱС
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ǣǻ˰ɣɳϴӵܲɳ֮ߣ跨΢΢

һ䳰ȷĻεĴĶĿ΢һ⣬˿仯ûС
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֮ˣ඼ı뺷֮ɢϢҲԶһЩͨūɱȡ
Щˣ󶼳Ⱥӣٵ˾һ𣬶жʮһš
ˣһɫ۵ĺ壬ɫưƺūеӡ
һ߶Уǿ׳ɫ䣬ƺг֮Ҵ󶼴ŶƤۣϾһɫ۾ʶ
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ԭڴ˵صСˣ˵Ŀо˾η֮ɫԶԶܿ˶ߵڡ
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ҿᣬϾûսɿʯ͸õˣ˭ҲɵʱȥЩӣڴ֮ǰºʹֵġҡҡͷһھͷ˴˵

ǵĶԻУӡ֤룬Щռݶ߶λõԺΪ֮Ψһūˣ˵һ뺣һ壬Ϊء
ռ˵һˣƺǽˡһؾҺڵͭǿߡ
ع󣬵ʼϸ۲Ż
߶˵ǻԺΪ˿ԼĪʮ˵ӣк֮˺Ȼռʮ֮˾ŵӣ󲿷ֶϡƬ֮ˡ
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Ĺ۲֮£ûзЩпƻǿߵĴڡ
ڶˡˡڴȶ˶˲٣ȴΪֳֵַС壬ȫϡ
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ԶԶӲѣΪš
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ǰЩ˶һһŵģ֪ĻΪСˡԱһ˼ˣ͵ǰһ˻˼֡
ٺ٣ȻԳʲôˡǿЦ˻ࡣһɫƤ֮˺ٺһЦƵ˵
˷һܵͬһ֮˺ôЦ
ͬʱȴɫʱмվԭɢһ̱⼸˵Ĵͷ֮ˢˢվһƬʱΪ֮һ
ΪԼʲôһȺѡһɫ԰׵İСūĵ˵
ûǴϽӲӵŮޣԳʲô׺Ľ壬ϧˣҪûǼƬƬһӡһͫ׽Ƶ׳廰¶ɫ
Ůǰ׳֮˵Ļɫʱñޱȣһ˵˵ҵһ쳣ḻڣՆҹĿɰɣ֪ΪûЩһͬǰȥ
ŮӴ˻һȺ֮Уʱмɫѿ
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ߣǰ飬ҲܹʵġŮӣɫһĻص

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ƺоڴͻȻعͷһЦת׺˼С˵
֮⣬֣Ҳͬһһ˵Ŀūû˿ԹԱĿš
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ʱĽڣڿū½½ٲȻѴﵽٶ˵Ĺģ
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ǰ翸޴İ꣬ڴʱһöҩȡһҺڵͬ飬˴һͨ뿪ˡ
·ߣ˻ĳЦһЦ

վԭؾ۲һյ蹦򣬼Ͻʣ֮һ֮ʱ°ͣһץľ޴ƤС
֮ǰڴ˵Ⱥ֮ʱȻɨӹ˴еĿʯּǰȡõĿʯ˿ܹԼӣֻƷʴǺˮʯƵͨϡʯ
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Ǵҩ̺ıǽⶾҩһְԵҩֻʱԶǿѹסһʱѣʱһֶԺ϶ΪһȻͬĺ


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ڸոյĴ֮ʱͨӣอ֮ϵĺɫʴٶЩӿ죬ĿǰԻûĿʼ
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ҩһɤУΪһŻû븹У漴Ϊɫͬڵĺɫȥ

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ޱı²˵ּͷ֮;һҺܹƵģ֮пܻɱġ
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ڣоҩרƹǷ׶ԵʣûȥɿʯʶϴβɼĿʯȡһֺ󣬾һ˽
ȼٷʯʱ򣬳ֶһŽⶾ⣬İкȻʮƲӲӵĿʯ
صʯ󣬵ȡһɫСЩƲӲӿʯһУɫһһſڣһƳ棬Сȼյİ
ͬʱʮְָһûȥ
ԭһĿʯۿɼٶȷɿܽ⿪ԼΪһƲӲӵĽ֭Һ
ʱٵһץһöѵ̺ƵĹ׶㵽˽ǰлһȥ
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ʯ֮д˫ĿȻһһͷһȻһΪԼγһɫԺһͷɫ
һХֱַвӰ
˽գԭ֮ˣڳȬˣҲָ۷״̬䲻һ
ͨɨһֲ֮Цһ
˿̣ƷʯȻȫһգƷʯҲ飬ֻʣʮӡ
Щʯ֮֮죬һΪ⼸µĲͣȡˣһǲͣƹǷ׶Եˡ
뵽ȻһץеֳöĴ糤
һ˼ͨɵɫ渲ϸСƣѱſ׶ϿȥЩ졣
Ҳĸͣ£ΨһƳɹöƷǷ׶ˡ
뵽жĪĸаοһ
ΪöƷķ˲ڴ˵ޱʯ⼸նɱͷ֮һͬĴ
˴ĴۣȡһԶе׻治жˡ


394 
ͬʱ֣һʱ޳ִƺԽƵ
ͨƫԶķͨɴ˿ϡʯ϶޳ָֻ丽࣬ٵġ
ڹȥĸ£ļֻޣǺ͵һһ㣬ҺڵΪҲͷҺΪˡ
ͨ⼸νӴǷ֣ԭҲֻһ̬ģǰǷǵ⣬һЩ绢èȵ̬ʮɾУһⶼͷ˫ţͨ峤ŸɫƣʮǿԶҲһֿ
Ы֮£նɱ޵Ҳ֮
һ˹ͷ⣬ɴ˿ҲѴ˲٣ڲϵķʳ֮£Զȸ̤˵֮ʱǿһЩ
һգմӽڷ˵µĽҩ󣬱ڶ֮ϥ
ŶĿӿݵĵ棬Ŀ˸Ͻһ˿֮ɫ
Դ֮Ҳһβʱˣ뵱ҶüͬУһ·ƴԽ׺ԪȾ֮°Ŀ
¶ǰһ֮һĻһֻεĸо
ηѣȥԼ⺣׿֮У֪ʱټϲһ˿Īĸ֮ɫ
Ҳ֪ˣ֪˶ãһЩһ
˼һĻ㱹󣬷˻
˶ֿʼĬĬ˼ŴӴ˵ѵĿ
ʱȻƾʶʼѴ˿󶴵ľ巽ˡ
ԣȻǳʯԲ䷨˵صȵūһ㣬ʯľܾʧֻ֮ʱѵĿȻͽˡ
ҪӳĻȻҪǰѹأһڵƣһǴӴ˵ѵ·ߡ
ֻҪһ޷Ҫػɣ顣
ǰߵĻڵĺɫѾԹ˸ֽⶾ֮ȴЧҶԽҩҲ˲оѷ˲ٵĳɷ֣м޷Ūףҩ֮ƫȫҶԴ˽ҩԻдǣδкαȽϺõӦ֮ߡ
麣֮еѪɫţӦض֮»ᷢ麣Чݲ֪Ӧʱ󰭵ӣҪȴǺͷ
·ߵģĿǰֻ֪еսʱڣȴؽơ
ƽȥˣЩǾɲߣһһػŵͷڵľ޺صʮ߾޴ܡ
뵽Ϊվüͷʯϵıһ֡
˼غʱ򣬺Ȼ㷢ֶڸĹЫһ֮£׷ķ˻˻Ĺֽ
һһ֮£˾ѵ˶ͨУĿһɨ֮󣬶ʱһ
ֻĿʮͨУȻһŵɴСĻҰɫ֮¾ʼɿգ֮һƬγһƬĻҰɫ
У˵Ŀռ䲨ϴԼһ޺֮ԼֵĺӰ·Ҫг
֣
һʧںжʱǰڽشźϢ
νġ֡Ȼָľ֮֡
ƽżһͷ޵ԨгƱϣ֮е޲ָͬǣÿһʱ䣬޵ԨͿ󶴼ıϲ֪ʲôԵʵĻȻȼӶڶͬʱ뵽˿е顣
һֱ󣬽٣ǧͬʱڿ֮УܻҺڵĸ߽ޡ
ڴ˵رѴѵĴū˵һ֮֡
ԳʵˣǱһЩסҲֻķݶˡ
Ϊһһ޲ס޷ʱи
ڴ£ΪǿߣҲдֻԶԶӿ
Щڴ˵شʮϿūӦűһεġһαŸչӣ˶ʱ䰴ӦðȫĲǣĪзʲô֪ıʲɣ
Ÿڲϻ࿿ɿת֮£붼ĵкһЫμͨڴ񱼶ȥ
ĹֻҪڴȻпڽƣǿ޳ֵġʱһãЩֻٱһĪ֮޵Ԩġ
ڹȥּٵļ£ūһ㶼ᾡԶ߱ɴڳڸȴҪȥɿʯҲѡһЩΪƫƧĿҶЩһȥ
Ҫģץס޻δȫϱڵʱ䣬Ͻӻؿȥ
εֱͻȻΣ»֪жٺһĿūҪɥ֮ڵġ
ǿȫԾ֮£ֻһŻӰ֮ͨģ󣬾ӳ˽ԶѾԼɼͨĳˡ
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ʱͨڸһƬҰ֮УͻȻһһ̴гһ߰ɴСƽ·Ķýͨڵ˸ʵʵ
޲ߴ㹳Ƿޱȣצ裬֮ƿһŻɵƾո֣˲仯ΪС쫷磬Լγһǽһѹ
ˣɫ΢΢һ±ٶȴ˿δһ֮¼ͷϵƬɫƬ˲㸡ֶӭ쫷ǽײ֮£ֱӶһڡ⣬˿Ӱûеģ
ۿɾʱͻȻݺһ棬ͷ·ĳ޼ȥ
޼˴ŭֻ츴ͬʱݺݵĶŸ߿еţһҡͷ­һȳĴһţͽĺݺһҧȥ
ۼȻ㲻ֻһһһɿһһɢһֻһץɫСƾո֣֫һŤ󣬾ȻûһӰĶ˶޿ڵһҧ޵󴦣һն
ƿһ죬һɫһţͽնء
ƬʬδأȴͷҲصĴŹЫһĳͨ
䷽һͨ˲䣬ֲͫһ
ֻһͨ򽻻ͨȻҲһŻҰۣѾͷܰ޶
ȴԵЩմģȻȴֻԭأûз𹥻˼
ͬʱͨ򴫳ĵͺȻţڷ
һ֪ʱٱ޲סһΣԥĳһƿյͨһ롣


395 Χ
뿪һٷ֮
ԭͨУȻһ𣬡֮͡ɳʯ֮£ͨڶʱǻƝһƬԼ޴Ӱڼͳ˻һεĴдܳ˿ͣһͬƿյͨС
ͨͨڵֻ޴ܰޣΣԭմһɨգڿзֽкҲһʮԶҲȥϢ֮ʧС

ھǧԶһ̻Ի͵ĺ׹ڣһλڹ᷿С
ԼʮɴСޱȣϲŻ׵ľ񣬷ܺͶǶſſžӨ貵ˮɫʯ
Щʯתϸӿŵ⣬ʹ᷿Եþ֮
᷿ʰøɸɾ̳ɵκʹ齶һȾӣܽһ۵׵Ĵڱߣڷ費֪ĵɫʻ
˿̵ĴǰһɫˮȹľɫŮӣ˫Ŀյϥһͷڷ磬һ
뺣ʶʮ֮ԼҶü
һ̣һ֮£Ȼ˫һޱȣ᷿ڵһȫ޶õӡ
ʱգǰδ߶֮µȫָˡ
ڼ䣬Ǻǰŵһ㣬ȷδֹһΣֻÿһʱ䣬һŮһ֧µУ֮зһöɢŴŨĵɫҩ
Ҷüʶôҩ׺֮ѵһƷʥҩ
Դˣδܾ
ڴҩҩ֮£Ʋ˶̵ʱڻָҲûʲô
Ҷüоת֮£ͻȻСһţһöɫСһɶڿһǰͿ֮Ѻ˫ƽϣд
ɲǼ䣬϶ʱһ㵭ɫââ֮£ǰСҲ֮΢΢浭ɫĻתһ
ҶüǰСĿȻһٴα˫Ŀ
һ̣һ޷Ȼ
ɫâҶüͬһƾޱȡ

ͬʱ
һΪ֮ͨС
һ۵ֱһģкɫСȻΪһںһͽһͷɴСͷ­һ룬ͬʱһֱһһֻ鲼ɫƬȭͷҲ䡱һػһͷСϣͬɳĻɳȥ
ಡһ
һһĶ˵ɳȥ壬Ӳ˸ǽϣһء
ĹЫ׼ʱһµ˱泤ġס׼ȷޱȵĶСҪ
ֻһСޣȻзͺҪٶȷ𣬵Ƭ̼ͼһƬϺڵĵزˡ
ԹЫסĶ֮ǿʹЩԶһֿޣȫע붾ҺֻҪʵ̫ǿҲƬ̼޷ֺˡ
ɫСһնغһϳɫƬҲ˲һն
ʱӺںͨУٴĵͺ֮
¶һ˿֮ɫ̾˿󣬵һУЫһһģĻΪСͷϡ
ԼһΣٴλΪӰļ󣬾ȻͨͷԷɿٶǰ񱼶ȥ

һʱ
һͬʱͨľ޴·һ쳣Ļս
⽣Ӱ䣬Ѫâ쫷֮н֯ͣ˻ǽϴ
һ۵ֳһɫ齣߰ūһ𣬱ʮͷΧסƴֵš
ūеˣȻǵɳϴѶŮ˿᪵Ůֳһǽһֻ˶Ա߲Զ򱳿űͷսһ
һͷ˵Ļ޲һڲɨսѰʱ
ڴʱһһͷڱ޳ֲūͷһ˻󣬶ʱ󾪵ļæһ̧֣йǶϼͬʱһҧȡһö˲ʱ󱬶ΪһֽԼС
ֻ顱һ촫ͷϷ֮͡԰ټƵɫâһֻոֵϱǵصļ¡
䣬ǶܱһĦļбиƬɫâֻ΢һūͷϯ
һĲҽд
ūȻֳһǽп裬ڷޱȵɫâи֮£ֻǼĹͬ־ͻΪ⣬һƬѪ
ºһԸۺһٴԾ֮ϣһĿȥ
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˫סǲǰһӵǰޣȻǲʹһŵأʹӵϵһ˺ͷϣ跴֮һǰܳ⣬ԥһöһʱһ̹֮£ǰͨڴ
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ڴʱǰԭЩģӰһ֮£ȻһֻԼĪɸߵľܰޡ
ڹһ޲ѵǰ
ȴ˿֮ⶼûУһͺֻǰһģ㡰ۡһ͹ǲӲм䣬ͬʱһ
ꡱһǲ˲Ϊĩķ׷ɢ¡
Ӱٴһģһ̣ںݹ֮ǰֻǰһġ
ݳ˲ɫ䣬ֻܿһһ±޷ֺˡ
һҽδ£˱ֻƼѹ£ΪһѪıѶ
˾޾ȻҺڵΪˣ
תۼūǰ䣬ʣµļĿô˾󣬴Ϊ֮ɫ䣬¶֮ɫ
᪵ŮӼ龰ɫһ²԰һܹǵһҧͻȻһԵͬеȥƱؽɱīߣС壬Ϸͷߣһһ
䣬ŮһԾöһöһ˲仯ΪһźǰްУһöɫһһųɫâ򸽽һͨһڶȥ
һһ۵ĵݺݹк󣬱ǰ޺󣬱ͬһԾͨתӡ
һ̣ȴһͨУżȻӿֻ߰ޣһϵĽٴΧһ
˴֮£һæҵļԵֵ̼ٴαȺ֮С


396 Ⱥ
ӳûԶǰͷܰͻȻһ֮£㲻֪صĳѵͨǰһ˻֮£ǰһģ˶Ӱ
ÿһӰһ£ͻΪһɫ
ɲǼ䣬ʮǵصֱݹӿȥڣ֮
᪼ˣвһ˲ĵһһɶǰȥͬʱһֳڡ
һ󣬾ͼǰ׷ױѶΪһĿ⣬ʱס
޼ȻһţһԾǰһΣٴһƬٶ᪼ȥ
ಡļ󣬼һ㶴壬һ̣ȴǷ̱㻯Ϊ㾧âɢ
ͬʱɫ޵Զһ𣬸ֳһӰ᪡
Ůһͺԥһö
ƹһ֮ǰͨˡ
תͬ鴦һۣ̾һһεûͨͷҲصˡ
ȻҲ˶ֵߣ˫ƱŴĻ£һŭ˻ӰһģıŮʧͨȥͬʱֻҲ
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һ̣߶ĽЫһУһͨһȥڻȭ˼ֻ·޺󣬲һѽĳֻҺץ޲˿˼Ŀȴ׺
ô˻ᣬȴѾͨУ󣬾ʹûӰ
Уȴڴͨӿ޺֮˻Ͳҽһʱ𣬵ûú󣬾ͳ׵ֻʣºˡ

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Χ׷½֮£˲ƿյͨӴܣ˦󷽵⣬Ҳûñ֮ߡ
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һ粻ȰĽͶڳʮԶ
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ಡһ
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һ̣ɫȴȻһ䣬Ӱͣԭء
ǰһĻɫ˲
ǰаĶСľ޴󶴿ڣȻѾ޵ĺ
ܶǶɫӫʯâӳ֮£ĿһɨĿԼĪʮͷ֮ȮСޣɢڶ֮У˻֮˷ƾ֮
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ڴ߶ͬʱҲƹ֮һԾ𣬻ΪһӰĽ̼ͳ嵽˲Զʯ⣬һѽһֳԭεĺɫСץУһֱһģ顱顱ͷڿշһնˡ
Ӱһζ󣬱ʯˡ
ʯ֮ȥֻڴյϣȻĿ󺺣ֳһѪģһƬľ͹ǴΧֻɱ
һֱһ裬޴һХгһֻ޻
顱һ
ػ֮£Ȼɳȥصײʯһ֮ϣһһ׳ڵĽйǴķɿ죬ǰֻһʱ֮ƵĲҽӽֺѺͷʬ塣
ȻҲһ۾ͿȻڶеһ
ףԭǸ¡Ȼˣλѽɡ
δ˵ʯȴȴһᡰס˿ԥûеС
ЩϤȴһ˵һȭ˵ǰĳͷޣһʯС
׳󺺼ˣȻɫЩ죬Ҳ治롣
һ̤ʯ֮Ƭ̹ʯ޾һ̶ĺУͷʯڴ˹
󺺼ˣɫһо޴Ǵȴ趯ԽխƣӲƵ¾Ȼ޷ǰһ


397 Ԫ
ʯ󣬴ԼֻʮɴС
г˼ʯһԶŵļӣûʲôˡ
ӳģһƼݣŨü۵ݣֻǿϣһ˿Ұܵɫ
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˿ϥмһʯ֮ϣǸԼľ޴бһʯǽϡ
һο˰뿪У΢΢Щ㵣´˶Էۡ
ŷ֣ϵĻɫ˿Ѿò滹ŲѪ֪޵ģġ
ģԸΪصӡ
ʵҲ֮ˣɼǰ϶Ҳ˼֮ɱ
ʶģԺжʱ˶ͷΧ޴ıĺɫǰ
ߣͬӣһǰڽʱһöⶾҩ֮ˣȻֻҺڵΪȴһΪǿᣬ˿ֻ̼ޱĿһۣϢ
ͬϵĹЫۣٺһЦ˵֮ƽִ˴ҵЩСˡ
ˣҲֻǷֵ磬ܵĹ죬Ϻðˡ֪񣬵ѿԸ֪ˣ˸һÿɷɫ
Ԫ߰ǰѵ˺󣬲űλֵʱƾΪġҵȴ˿ΣҲضʲôˡλСԪԣЦ˵һЦƺǣƣȻ˼ɫ˲ɷ˼֡
ԭѡ˵ȫްΧˣټ׷ҵޣ˿Ŀ֮޷ӲȥˡҸղſԭȴ˵صȺƺһͷɫǰΪס֮ĪǺʹйأһ󣬻ʵ
Ǳ͵Ϯ˵ġͷҺڵʵһܹб仯Сǰ֮ͨУһűֵġֵܾʱҽҳ˵أеƼһѾҲӵ˵ҵȼ˵ЩԵֵġԪ΢΢һЦ˵
Ե֣ҪҲգԣЦһ
ٺ٣ǵ㴳ȥҲֻһʱˡνҲ˵ЩʲôϻˡҲҵһϵƣҪĻҲҪЩġ
ִЩʲôͷתµЩʲô
ܼ򵥡ܶһ˴˵أ϶ʵǷ˴ָոտʼĹնʱ䡣ڴڼ仹ҪѺҵֵһ㣬ȥڷ޵Ĺÿһӻһ࣡ѾοɣԪЩˡ
붼û̵ͷӦˡ
Ҫʱʯ棬޻ԽԽлҺʵޣͨҲѶµˮйͨ
˺Ȼڴ˼أ⣬ѱˡ
ȻСԪ꿴ʧȥ˴սͬȴһֻҪȷڲƣϢָĻӦûܰܳһʱġ
ܺãֹȻǴˣ¶ѿġһ·Ѿ˲٣˿̴ȴϢһ£Ƕֹһ󣬲ֵѡԪˬĴӦˣϲһ˿ϲɫͬʱһִ˵
ȻˣҲˣΣδƴǣһֵĽЫƤ֮УҶϢһ£ڱԹʯһյأϥ
֣£˳ȥ滻һ°ɡԪԲԶϥӷԸһҺڵߡ
ֻӦһվȡ¹ʱ򶴿ȥ
Ƭ̺ǰڶڵ׳һǰһʯУйǴѪܣҲ˺ֱۣۡϥǵ·ѱһģԼɼϸСѪۡ
ںһ˵һֱۣƺʲôƾնһĴָϸѪһЩɫĺѪɢһȳϢ
ЩģޣѲٶޱȣͷǶΪ졣ֱ˴ɫЩ԰ף˵Щ󣬾һķԵ
ǰߴ󺺣ĵ󣬶ʱһϽһתĽ𣬲˰֮£ƽһʯ֮ϣιһöⶾҩ΢һ
Щ粻
ǰ׷ЩСܰ޹ȻΪѲҿһֱδЩ޾ʲô鷳ʹˡ
ԪΣɫЩѿһأȻӲһ˵Щʲôʱ򣬶Ȼһҽһ˵ĺҲжˣһң
һʯУ˶ɫ䡣
ȥӦһ°ɡҶԴЩ˽⣬ӦӦò̫ѡ
δԪڣĿһ󣬺Ȼվǵ򶴿ȥ
ˣ⻹һƿҩӦöЩôġ
߳ȻͷҲصһһֻߵɫСƿһ׶
һΣ󣬾ͳ嵽˶ڴ֮Ǳߴ͡ƿ޺Ҳʱ
ԪһѽסɫСƿ˿ʧĶڴϲһ˿ɫƿһ򿪺ñӶƿһº󣬶ʱһ
Ϊ֮Щˡ
̼ܿ϶ҩƿ֮Ʒĵҩ
¶У˵Ʒ˵ҩûƷĵӵҩҲǷǳϡټġƽڿūܴȡУҲҩΪϡ٣˵ҩм۸ߵġ
ĿһɨͷСƿűɫҩиӵˡ
ϾԷҲڿ£֪ܲЩƷ˵ҩļֵ
Ԫɫһ仯󣬿˿Աʯŵ󺺺ջĬĵһŸ£Լһţ֮߶ڲķʼҩ
һӣĵײصʯеʱ򣬶ڴһƬӰͷܰһС
ԱһӣӶһǽƴֵһ޹
Сģ
ͷնı˵ı֮Ŀһɨ֮󣬺Ȼɫһĵѵ
ͬһʱ䣬һͷɵ󴦣һһɴСīɫӰһ֣Ȼһֻͨ޴ϱľޡ
ҲǶԵоΪḻ֮ˣʱһ֮£˼йǽһӣûһӰĵǰͬʱһֻ˲һö
顱һһɫĻֶӻС
޴һ󣬵һţһָͷϸϸһһĽǶȱܿӰ˹Ļϡ
һ
޵ͷֻ΢һ٣ͽĻ

ͷ­һŤ֮£ͷ䲱һѪɽ
ԭ⻤Ļס乥ʶһ˲䣬ƴܾٶ
ʱһǵȴʯһݺն޵ĳϣ˲һնء


398 Ԫ
޴һҽк󣬵һĴӶз£˲Զĵϣһ˫Ŀ˻µϣͬʱͻһСһĶʮֵ
ȴһκ󺺲
л󺺲δ˵һ仰ַһöⶾҩһºһŷ˿ڴһ󣬾һĶǰľޡ
ѸΧޣӽҰɡ˫ĿһеĿ˾ܰһۺ󣬻˵
Ľ飬С֣¡Ӳû飬ͷһͻӶǽһͷֻͽޡ
վԭأŹǽ·ľ޴ޡ
ڷһֽкֻ֫ͻȻһһεڿն𣬱ͻȻѶŨĺ˲㽫ǰСոǡ
ǰϯĺûгɵĵһһöȭͷСĻ㡰ಡһΪһâķɫвӰһ֡
䡱һƣ
ɫ֮£ͬϯһ㣬̼ɢ
Ȼһ̣㷢ֶкȻտҲ޾ƾղӰ
ͬʱǰԶͻȻһͷ޾Ȱֶһſڣһĳٴε׼ü
ޱվԭδüһ㶹СĳɫƬӶͷð
ᡱһ
޳ڳƬϺ󣬵
޲һƺǰһĻ֮
ȴֱһꡱһıһأһֻƬһѽץס
ֻץ֮ޱȣɫһָֻһһͷֱͷ­ӿȥ
޼״󾪣ڳһ޷鶯ֺȻһϣԼͷҧϣͬʱ󶾰׷׵ıѶɫǵص֮ϯ
ɫһһ棬ȥͬʱŻɳ
һ󣬺ɫֱըѿ롣
վΣٶһ֮ʱȴǷ֣˵ܾޣ˿̾ѳûܳ˶ڣһʮԶ֮ززˡ
ʱͷȴһ϶ڣֱݺ

ڽȥһʱԪͬפضڣǶ޴зֺ
һսˣѾ׷׵˺ۣû֣ǿս£Ȼ˾ƣ
ڴڼ䣬ûöٷֻͨǿ֮֮סӿ֮޹ơ

֪úʯɱ˻ɲڶ
˿ϥʯڵһǣ˫ĿϢץһʱָ
ھֵԡѪɱ˶ѾгԲˡûһʯܽխַ󣬿͵ססȺ
ʱʯеԪͬ飬һ޻ɱ⣬ʣУҲʣ˻һս֮Ҳ̶ͬȵĸһЩˣ˿ڶڽء
ԪԴӷҩʱɫԱǰ࣬붯ֵĻ»Ƕʱ顣
Щź
ʱܶһǿֵĻסСϣȻϲٵġ
ַˣ˴յʱ䣬ʯۼޣȴǸԽɱԽ࣬޼ĸо
ȻԼǿδо˳֮£ֶܼûǲ˵ģϾһͷҺھľޣһֱ滢š
磬֣Ҳˣ޺һ㣬ͻȻϵӿҲ֧ŲסˡһٵĴӶ⴫
Ԫ˻һЦ֮ɫĿڶɨһȦջ˽ϡ
Ҳǣ˿̶սıֻˡ
ԪԴǸĿ⣬һ󣬵վֱһֵ˵ѣ֪ɷһã
ԭȵǱǵһηʱڻǱһͷҧϳء
Ԫһ⻰һͷ˵Ѳؿȥñǡ
һץпʯǽϵľ޴һȻһ֣һХһɶ
޴;УһɼϢĶ
˫üһͷһΣֱ۾ʹ˴һȦ࣬һѾͽץС
һֻ̣˫һ΢΢һݡ
޴ԶԭԤϵĻҪϼ֡
һ̾д˶Ծı顣
ԪĿи¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫȴƽ˵͵ĻԪشһǧٽ̤Һ˱󣬻ǵһνˣϣһ֮
ܺãд˱ĻһӦҲסһʱġһ䶯º¶һЩЦ˵
֮ͷһһȥ
ʱĶڴΣòݺ֡
һѪܵľ׳󺺣һʯſλãйƾ޴ÿһ»ܻһֻǰޣвЩ޸һأµٴվ𣬲˻ٴμ뵽ΧȺ֮С
Ա߲Զһӣǰս֣¡
˿һѪģһƬҲ˺ۣ䲱ǰ޴ͷµ˿ȻѣѪģŶڱԵʯڣ¶֮ɫĻеĹǽһʱ֮䵹ʹǰֻ޲̫ǰ
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˵ؽҰɣȥϢһ¡
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ЩһһУǵѪɡ
һǧصУ·ֽ֮һ㡣
˴ʱǿ֮ڳ¶ɡ
乤򣬾ֻɥĹӰ֮£˻֮һʱ˷
һԸս֣մ󺺷Ӽˣ¶һŵı飬һʱ侹˵
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ɢźɫâһ£һģԭһʧˡ
ǰԶĿյϷڹһθֶں֮£ֱڶڼʮֻȮҲһͬ
Σкɫްܲ͸磬ȴѾͷת


399 Ն
ԪҺʵ֮ˣͷ͵ϮˣȻҶԴ˿С֮ģοԱߵͷԴЩޣҲͨޣҲǿִ򷨷ġ
дݵʱ򣬺Ȼ֪Ӻδһ·ĳХһʱ쳹޴ʯߡ
˺ɫһ䡣
ͷɽĺɫһ֮ͻȻһ٣ͣԭأҲһԽ֮ĺһŤͷһͨɱȥ
ԭΧʯڶޣȻҲ׷ͣ˹ƣں¡¡Уˮͬһͨ񱼶ȥ
ƸǺƴ֮
ԭܲڶ֮еޣȻ̼ߵһɶ
ΣһպǾϲ֮ɫ
һһͻȻЦæԭȲŵ֣մʯһԼ첽ĳʯԪ˱ϲȥˡ
֣մͬƲסԼϵϲ֮ɫڿʯϵһ˲䣬һߴЦţһ˶Ͽԡ
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˭Ҳ޷֤Щȥˣǽʱĳ룬ʶҪٶȸڴ
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ԭ֮Ķߣ˿̽ʣһ벻ռ䣬߶ȻȫҲȫǿӿһƬһѷŲٸūȱʬ壬Ǹ޵Ĳкмūĵ档
˵ҲһԶļ
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һ֪ԭǰһͷޣͻȻŴȺ޳˽ʱչ˶Զ֮˵ķɱ
гפ֮ӸһЩӻ֮ˣԭѾۼ˲ٿūб֮ˣִ˵κǰӵĴ˹ͬ˵ʱЭ飬ڼҺڿū֮֯£ʼͨڵխνַء
޻öԸΨͷڵ죬ʵԵֵ
ΪҵģҲ޵ս
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һսϧԲһΪۣͷһƾ˵˲شͷھԳޣŪϹһֻۡ
Գ޵תӣͬŵһ˶ȥ
۵ȴū˵Ļᣬֹ̧һɫ磬ͬڴ˵صĽŮӜ]һ𣬾ʹ˴Ӷʧˡ
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ĪǱ죿˫ĿһкԪѯʵ
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ƺСՆĴ󺺵ע⣬Ŀһɨ֮£һ˿ɵ̴˹
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ٺ٣ҪϻޣĻܻŻˣ֣СܸˡλѣֻΪȴʵʮǿᣬ˴ҪǶСܿҪһغˡԪ˿Ϊ⣬ЦԵ
Ŷǰɳϴɱ֮£ҵţǱһСɱѲɾ㣿СՆ׳ۺ°ͣɫЩ˵
Ϊ֪ɳϴ󡭡Ŀһɫ˵
ģû飬вٹڵġֵ̫ܲнՆͦ˵ģƢǲġԪٺһЦڰֵ˵
ɳϴƽȷЩĦһЩ£Ҳ֣żʡȥҲٵ鷳ĳǶлһˡՆ˻ûĵһֳۣɫһԵ
ˡһЦĻص
ֵо֮ҲĳѣֵԺֱՆּɣ˼ĳƺʲôѳ̵ġՆͷ˵
ڽĽ̸УԼ֪ԭԪՆԲ׺֮һݵĵطڱץΪūǰͻʶԪԵɺϵľȹՆһʶ֮к󣬼ʹԪԸˣՆƽʱչˡ
˴ַͻȻ֯ͻϮ֮ĽڹȥǴδġԪǰķ棬̾һ
µȷЩΣ˵ڵȷӦñֵġՆҲüͷ˵
֣Ǹոյ֪ǰ˵ؾΧʱȻϧʧһֱ۵ĻΪ׵Ļޣɲ̫磬Īʲô鲻ɣԪһͻȻһ˿Նʵ
Ҫ˵λǿΪ½ū˵ȥڳ֮˭ŵġɵҪ˵ֻΪŮӵĻƴԼһֱۣȻҲЩ̫ܵӡ
Ͼɲĺ峤ϣֻһ뺣Ѫѡ


400 д
ô˵˾ٵҲ˴˴֮ΣڸԵɣԼĿ֮ɡՆһºĿ˵
ˣһݣԼоԷƺӦ֪ʲô˿δ¶
ԪՆ˻شһ֮Ҳ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫٺһı㲻ټ׷ȥˡ
˵䣬ͻȻһͨӿ˼֮ˣһ룬ҴŴ˴һۼ֮ȥʱ㱻ͬһһɺ弰ΧͲŵϷ׷Ĵ
Ƭ̺Щƺͳһһ㣬ΧһЩСע֮£Ǽ˵󣬺ƺƵĴһͨӿȥգۼ㾡ʧͨڡ
ˣвЩ죬˿һԵՆȴһ˿顣
ڴʱһͨһеĽŲ˴֮ˣֱՆ֮
ϴǼѽԲڵͨһ˷һЩʬ⣬ûٷκλˡ⼸ߵՆǰΪһ˵˵
ţܺãĿǰļӦȷЩ޴˿Ѿȥûоļ󡣡Նգɫ΢΢һɣ˵ͷ˵
һԵȻ˵ˣҲǴһӡ
ΪʱڻǲǰϾ˴ֲͬѱʲôʷһԵԪȴĽ
͵˵ûǴ˿ҲԪˣҲżҷ˸פһٴӳ顣͵ܣΣ˽£Щ³֣ҵҲܼʱڽƴܵġՆԪĻͷıʾͬһ䡣
ԪһȻкη
Ͼ£˶໹԰ȫЩģҸڴ˵֮һפڡ
Ļ³֣һ˵Ҳʱ䣬ӵڴ
ãǼ̰ɣ˷ЩԶ·ˡՆˣ΢ȻһЦ˵
ԭפ֮ԭ⽻̫Զ贩ͨͶ߱ɵִ˿ֱ̽ͨפصͨȻǰļս̮ʶֻ·ˡ
ˣ˴פؾ⽻Ҳһʱ·̡
ՆڷԸڽʱע⸽󣬱Ԫһ£ԼĪʮˣһͨȥ
·ϣԪՆ˵ʯľվʱʵ֮ǿӳ
ֲ֪ʱ龰ɵǾ֣ұŶխΣַ֮£ֵܵһģδϵȺ޾ԽɱԽ࣬ҵҲǽ˲֧Ҫֵ£ڻһֻ޺һ֮ضߣЩ޿ֺ治ġԪ˿̼ϿǸԪɫԲ԰ף˵֮ʱȴЩüɫ裬ǰӡྶͥ
ǺǣֵˣµʱҲֻΪԱѡһԪԣֻܿЦһĻص
Ŷԭֵʵ˲ՆԪǰһȤ
ٺ٣ֹˣֵܾʹԪ֮󣬲ͭˡԪٺһЦֲ˵
ãֵܣפأдһΣՆ֮󣬾һ˿˷ֱܵ˵
⡭򲻽һ
ֲԥͭԭԺöּϲ֮¡ԪԥĲ˵
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˵˺һλʵҲһѵõĻᡣ
Ҿֵ֪Ҳˬ֮ˣǿЩɣ˿פزԶġՆͬ⣬ƴЦ

һʱ
˱ՆĴ£뵽һ޴󶴿֮С
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ˮ̶Χɢʮʯݣÿһʯ϶ӡһɫ۾š
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ֵܣ㿪ʼɣ׳һֵ˵˱ִͽ̣λͭǿߣȻҲҵֺһصĻص
Նһ˻ٺһֱֻ΢΢һʱϴһܼıһ̣ҺڵǿϢϳ
һݣҲٶڷʩչڤʱ򣬶ȴͻȻԪĴֵܣпܵĻʩչһֳܱ֮ɫĻ˵ĺô㡣
Ȼɫ糣ȻĪ
ԪȻʹķԭδ˵ֺ
Ȼͷһɻ
ƾֱȴԼ˻ûӣһȨ󣬱㻹ǾŴ˵ģһԡ
˲Ϻ󣬵ϵһɫСиֶֻӭһΣС΢һԽĳ
ɲǼ䣬ĽӰֶȻһ󣬺Ȼûһĺڝ⽣ԼǱɫСͬʱһɾ˽бŷøշ͡ƿ֮·ڿм佻֯һ㡣
ޡ
ՆΣδ¶ı飬Ŀһ˿ϲɫһ
Ȼǰնɱɳϴ飬λҲ֪һ
һͺ˫ֱ۱Ȼ˫һֱֺֻ۱㷺һȦ֮ͭɫɿȫӶ
Ƭ̼乤Նͬһͭ˰վԭأڶӫӳ£ľ˹󣬲һ¡¡ȥÿһޱȣƾ֮
ĿоâһȻһǰ⽣
ಡһ⽣Ϊһɫ缤ֻһ󣬾ͻΪ߰ɳɫӰĳՆͷ˵ӭͷһն¡
޴Ӱδ£㷢ļ֮һӰ
Ն˾˹ԼĴʹ֮Уȴŭϲûж֮⣬һͭһ֮£֪ʱѴһֻӲӵףһŭȣ׼оǺݺһȭһξ
һ춯صľ죡
һɫȻՆͷֶ߶Ϊ֮΢΢һ
о޴Ӱ΢΢һ󣬾ƵһƫתՆͷһ¡
䡱һ
׳һϣʱɽѣƾֳһʮɳľ޴󹵲ۣˮ̶һն
Χ˾֮ʱՆͭļͷͻȻһߣȻһѪ


401 £
ɫӰȻһƫзųνǽՆ粿һơ
ՆĻŭϲŵһƹһͻָԭģЦĳ˵ֵ֮ܵȻ֮һһ˿֯ףֵܷͭδ֪ˣ
ֳˣҲǸո޳ûжã޷շĵģ̇һУָԭεĺɫСһնغ΢΢һЦ˵
ڴ˵Χ۵˼ˣһʱ˽ĿȻɫ죬̺һ˿ˡ
ՆĿеǿһ˵䣬ȻҲǿˡ
ں׿ǿʳĵطǿԶ˾ηġ
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д䱻֮ˣȴǷԸȥרڳһϴЩʯס˽ȥ
ڣՆԲȥĴ̽޵½½Ϣ˴ƺ׵ı˹ȥˡ
⣬ӽĴϢԳ¸Ϊ׵Ŀֻ˿󣬵ûõıٴ뿪ˡ
ԴˣՆȴֻЦһûжˡ
ڴڼ䣬һֱʯ֮Թ˴ϢՆҲΪ˲ٺ濾ɹʳá
ԪҲһʯһģɫȴǰ˲٣Ҳ֪ˮƣһ̸һЩǰţҲ֡
ڻУԪƺǰҩ֮Ϊмӣǰνġĺôȴֻδᣬͷû˵һ㡣
ԴˣȻѯʡ
ٹպȷȫ˻ԨՆǣڼ˵ʢ㶯Լס
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һ̣һɫӰһʯС
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ڶ˽̸֮䣬ѽȻųʯ⣬֪ʱѶŵİǿϢ
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һɫĻһ֣˲佫ȫ£ʹ˸˺һϵ


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ԪԴ˿ɫδ¶ƺ֪һ㡣
һУȷҺʶ޷󣬲һЦʵˣֿԺ˵Щʵ˰ѡՆλͨټֵܵǿЭʲô޷쵽ģΪλᵥĳŽûжõˣͲǺʵóǿ󹥻֮ˣԿ˶Һкߣղ㹻ôҲӦñ¸ɿְɡ
˵꣬˫ĿĶԪ
Ԫԣɫһٿ˿İɫĻ󣬲ſЦһĻصֵܼȻˣĳҲֱ˵ˡֵܲϧ߶ՆĿǰʹ֮һΪ˸мҩ֮ȷһᡣҵȼƻڵȷȱһǿ֮ˡֲΪ˵Ĺǿʲô˶ʤΰɣЩҺкڵūУмյˣ֮¡ڿй˶꣬ûή٣Ļʩչʲô־ͲͬˡŸոսﲻãڷִ֮࣬ʩչȻܺʱһϬƥǼƻҪ֮ˡ֪ģ˼ƻ֪ʲôԭƺҪһЩʩչǿܹ֮ˣЭֹп˳ʩСҲǰѾƼѡּʹӦʱ˵Ҫһġʱգ˼ƻҲѵ˼ϣòĵزˣȷҲ޷ȥˡ
Ԫ˵棬ɫ
˵ʶ֮һնɱɳϴ󣬱㶯˼
ֱĿҩȻҲ˼ָмŲԥļՆƼҪǰ˵롣
ՆȻֻ֪һߣʱ£ȻҲ޷˼̫ˡ
֮ǰʶ֮ԪƼ󣬾ͬ˴£ɳͬҺĸԪˡ
Ԫٳһ󣬲ŻʵȻֵܶ˵˶ˣӦòˡţՆѾҵѹڽƵķ
Ԫƺϵһʣ˵ĴӻһīһȦȦطĵСƿӣֱ׸˹ȥȻ¶һ˿֮ɫ˵ֵ´ڶ֮ʱƿ֮󣬱֪Чˡ
ץСƿ̰γƿȴǷֻһںĳѰ㶫糤̣ӴϸһҲûӡ
СƿеĶ˰죬һʱ֮ҲʲôߡвЩȻ˿ɫ¶ĵͷȻˣǱлֵˣƿ֮ЧĻĳȻġͬҲԸŹġ
ôõĺɫܽȻԴһˡ
麣֮еѪɫţȻԷû˵ҲȫԲߣҪļ뵽ƻ֮к󣬲ŻԸ֪ˡ
Ԫˣͬһ۴һ˿ϲɫ˵ѡ񣬾ġȻˣĳʹ˸ǣȻظՆȥˡ
ͷҲûжʲôǵһɫĻһ㡣
ۡһĻΪ㾧ƾɢ
Ԫһȭתߣû˿֮ͣ⡣
Ԫ뿪ûãڴϢҲ֮ʧ
ʯܻᣬָкɫСƿķģٴ˳˼֮С

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ŮܣȻһɫа˱֮࣬ΧһȦɭȻ⡣
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Ҷü˵껰Ϻһֺ󣬵һſڣһ糤ɫСһͷΪһһ󣬵һ˱ɫҲͬʱ˶𣬷ںӦһ㡣
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Ůâ֮У¹һ䣬һ֮ƾ𣬲תһɫȹҲ޷
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ŮͷɫСҲͨɫϼʢһ֮󣬾ֻûɫ˿ܰ˱ɫͷŵĹӰӦ
ɲǼ䣬һҶüΪģֱĽԼγɡ
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ʱҶü̴һٴ˫ĿɵϢ
ģһС˴󣬾űɽָƽŴŮľȺҲɰĺţ·Ҷüһ֡
ݶ·ɭȻӳ֮£һɫҲҶüĺš


403 
󣬺׹ĳΪµŵ֮С
һ۵ĺʣŰм֮ϡ
󣬴ڱ߷ż赭ɫĲ֪ʻ࣬վһһŮ
ŮĳһɫݣɫȹѩԼʮͷģȻŮ
˿ޱĵͷŽż⣬֪Щʲô
е׷Բԣƣһλ׵ձߣһ˱ӣӵʻʲô顣
ʴˣǰųԼ֮˵Ϣ󣬹ȻЩ֮˷˾֮ģڹȥһ֮У֮Ѹɨ˽ԵһЩС˸ڤ粻ѱ͵⣬׷Ը򺣻ʴͶϣˡ
ʱʺȻɫһ䣬һִ̧˵Ȼһֵʾȥ
ձ죬ȻЩĪȴΥʲôֻһȭĴҴ˳˴
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·ŻعЩĳʹʩһҲæ˳ȥ
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ֻԭŮФϣ˿̶һ㱡ˮȻǰģ࣬ͬʱٸϾһ㵭Ѫ⡣
ʱѾĻ޷ٵʮˣ뼰һʱˡʿǰŮФɫһ粻󣬲૵˵
֮һն𣬺ȻκһʯȥһſڳһöɫģһŵûС
ۡһ죬ʯһ󣬾ȻֳһȺںС
һԥһһɫʯף·ȥ
СţһֺϹرա
ںڰУһյ蹤ǰȻһ󣬾һ鲼ľӨС
߲ĶСտҲΨĴһˮװϸľ޴
ڱУһɫװľɫٸ˫Ŀ΢ϣһĲС
ŮպȻǰϵŮФһ޶
һеŮӺϵĵȻɫǷɿʧһֳճյɫűһȥ

׿ʯУ˿ĿţϱЩʹ࣬ĺ鲻˳˫ջ£ɢһ˿˿ĺƮ費
ǰĿյ֮ϣһɫСƿƿѱȥǿտҲˡ
ԼĪյ蹤ɫһȻһſڣһŴм˿ıɫѪ
Ѫۡһ䵽Ϻ󣬶ʱһȳϢʯڵգۼ丯ʴһС
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һ븹УʱһȳҺѸӿС
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Ҳֻʱѹƶѣ˶ÿ»ٴαģ˵ĻҲ𵽺ʱҩЧ޷˶Եġ
ڵõѵһȻͼ飬Ȼ޷ϳҲȷûбʲôֽţҲ޺Żĵķ¡
µĽҩɰʱǰ˶һһΪȷһʧһ棬ǲע⡣
ϾԴһնɱɳϴ󣬸鷳ˣҲͬյ˲СĹע
һμȻǿ׼ӳ˵أȻһܵļƻڵ˵ȻҲʧΪһ뺣׵
ֻҪ뿪а취ʱ֮ѹסĻҲµ޷ѰĽⶾ֮
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ԪеĿ˰취Ҫ뿪׿󶴣ƺҲһҪðСյ顣
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ʱԭĵԼҪһͬ뵺ϰУȴֻȿʮ˲ܵСӶڵûǰסġ
ʮˣҲһ׵թǿˡ
ܹӳ˵أұضһˡĿкһһٴα˫Ŀ

պ
ԪȻϵĳʯ֮С
˿̵֮ʱ֮ȫָȻɫЩ԰ףɢϢѺʱһ޶ˡ
֣ʱգ˾ϰɡԪһЦ˵
ǰ֮ȷʱںʵֻ֮ǲ֪һѹԶʱûֱӻشԪ⣬΢΢һЦʵ
ⶫҲֻǰùһΣՆ˵Ӧÿѹƶ԰֮ãʵЧҲȷˡ䲻ЩĽҩѹƶʱ䳤ãڳѿԳñ档Ԫգ°̹ͣȻ˵
˵ֻҪܱ֤ҲǶʱ赣֮ˡȻˣ¾ͼˡԴ˻شûо⣬ͷ˵
ãͻȥת֡Ԫ϶ʱ¶Цݡ
ڴ֮ǰĳټλǰһ棬Щʻ뵱һʣֵһתɡĿһȴֽס֣꣬ص˵
ȻֵܼȻͬ룬㲻ڣǶҲһģǡԪϰĳ˰֣ڴӦ
󣬴ӱһƵĸȥˡ


Զĳڣһصʯ֮С
һ۵һƽĺƲ˲
ǰԶ֮ˣǴе
һͨ۵ߡ
ݣɫЩǣҪ˵ע֮һͷɫͷһö糤Ө̽ǡ
Ŀһȫֱϡ
ȻλǿڴֱۣѾͨĳˡ
˿ޱھλõһʯϣһͭɫՆЦЦվԱߡ
ˣüͷʶһ塣
ĻЩԤϣйضʵĴţ˶Ŀˡ
ǿՆ֮ϣ߾һһվĳǰˡ
˽Ƽĳ֮ˣҲҪۼһ档λȻѾĳˣʲôʾˣһֻܻشһ⣬ڡĿǰת󣬾͵Ŀˡ


404 ·
˻һۣһͷɫ󺺣ǰһֵʵǰ
ǽʲô֣֪ˡ֮ض˵˵ɡЩͷĴ仰һ˵
֪ǰ͵ֿʱѹƺʵԵĳѣӺζƺδ˵ġβƻ֮ˣÿ˿Եõöֳأմ󺺼ˣһϷɿʵ
ߣѾˡҲգǵһʵķϣϷشˡıڴ˵ذ䣬ͨÿṩĽҩɷֵо⺣ʵϰãͨʮĿӽ֮ѣʶûдġ
˵һ٣˼һµļص˳ΪףʱޣϷҲֻ̫࣬ҪԸϷƻŵڴ֮ϷǲϷÿ˻һṩʮöϣԱ˵ؼ֮ʱѹƶ֮á
꣬Щ˵ʲôδ俪ڣһֳֻһɫЩĺӣ˸ƣʾʡ
ӵҲɴֻ࣬һȭֱʵǰǺʵ֮Ȼʱѹơ֪ǰ麣֮еһֽƣкζӦߣдʽĻҵȿ»޷뿪˵صġ
ڵѪɫţʵֻһ΢ӵѪƶѣֻ뿪һΧŻᷢӰ죬ȴ˲ȷҲΪ鷳ϷڲǰҲоƽʱжǰֻҪķϷһЩȽֱ⣬󻼡Դ˻شɻ⣿ԣ˼Ļص
Ȼϲơ⡱㴹һԡ
һˣĿȻתһ˵ˡ
ĬƬ̺󣬲ɫƽĿˣǰұѺ˵صʱ򣬷ֳ֮أڶѲӣлںްأ¿ͬдѲߣ֪ǰȷܴǰȻ˵أ
⣬üͷ״΢΢һ壬ڳ˰ι󣬲Żص˵ģɲصġǵ뿪֮ʱᾭʱĿڴġֻ·֮ش󣬾ΣԺԻ֪Ϸ򲻱˵
ĻشģģȻԲʱ͸¶ļƻ
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ѡǰ⻰ʲô˼ҵǶѾѡƻ𣿡ԼеЩɫһʵ
ߣǰֻԸ룬Ϸɴδ˵ȫµġʵǣϷѰ취Ƚ⣬ʶɵҲޡֻʣټһͬ鼴ɡ࣬Ӧöǿʸ񣬵ˣֻǿߣܵõҵϿɣΪҼƻ֮һҪͬ飬ôٺ١˵ϵ¶һ˿̵Ц⡣
Ȼû˵꣬˶Աμƻӳ̶ȣδϿɵ³Ҳֻ·һˡ
ԣȻһ
ʱվԱߵՆüͷһ壬Ŀв¶һ˿ǸɫƺʾȲ֪飬Ҳûп˵ʲôȰ軰
ֻһǰΪǻͬ⡭󺺣ͻȻŭ쳣
仰ﻹδ˵꣬ͻȻһ׳ֱһϵһȭվԱߵӡ
Ӳִ֮ҪܿȴȻֻġ顱һ׶ʱҵѪɣ׹Ǳ¶
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һŭĴй۶ʱģ壬ͷ­һѣΣ˫㡰ŵš˼ȴۡһһɺ˿׵һðһĻΪһʽĺɫذһ֮£ֱСȥ
ʱǰֻ̹һһԼڿնǰȴƾնһЩϤͷ壬ǰһڣҲûʶˡ
ںͷ­һɫУһնµʱǱ̵ǰĺɫذ»Ϊһźɢ
Դ󺺿µͻȻնɱԱߵݺӣ̲һ乤򣬵ʯһͻȻ
ʱͷʬŻ˼κص˵ϡ
ǰһУֻޱľţֻԼһ˿֮⣬ԱߵՆɫ΢΢һ䣬ָֻ糣ˡ
ܺãھ֮ʣ¸һˡ󺺽ɫǰһ󣬲¶תɭȻ˵
ҲԸ˵ĻͻȻֵһ˲䣬˵Զĵط˿̼Է˵ȴ˸ǷĻص
󺺼ˣĿɫһҲ˵ֻɫһȻ֦зڻཻ֯һ󣬾Ϊһɫľ޴ľͬʱڴ̴нϷ
ֻǽо޽֮һӣʱڴ˲Ӿ޴ľ֮л
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о޴ľ̹һ澹ڴһڶâ޾һ㡣
ȴʱȻһͺһȭ󣬵һžıУȻһȦ˫ֺҪ֮˲䱻ɫƬǣȻһȭǰݺݵһȻһӿǳ
漤ĺâһ֮󣬾һƹƹҡļУ׷ױһɣֻ©֮һЩɫƬһЩ׺ۡ
󺺼ɫһ䣬ɫľһ֮£Ȼзɳɫ֦һ֮£ΪһģӰֱڿͬʱһԾо޽ֱӻΪһıһն¡
һ˿Цͬһȭɢǰâ󣬵Ȼһ棬͡ಡһһģԭʧˡ
һ̣ӰһΣ֪ôĳһֱӳڰеǰһ󣬵ͷϸֳһɫԺһֻɫȭٴλ
󺺴֮£ֻ޽ǰһᣬһŷΪһɫĻĽԼ档
䡱䡱
һȭͽ޴ľķ飬һȭֱȻһǣͽɫĻıѶ
ƬָһֱӶ˴ţһ顣
ֻһҽУƵ˲䣬ĵ˳ȥͨһľʹ˵ڵϲˡ


405 
󺺾ͱɾĻɱˡ
ʼնû֮һԹսՆˣһ˿ɫ
ʯ֮ϵҲһ˿飬һ˫Ի˫Ŀ´һǰ꣬ƺһ˿֮⡣
ѹȻֲȻʣһˣȻʸϷļƻ֮Сһ䣬ѿԸģûаǿ֮⣿˵
л⺣׿Ȼ֮õġоһԥĻص
ܺá
ʶȤĻĵ˵ͷһ֣ՆĴȡһĹҵƤһ֮£ӱ㳯ȥ
һƽվԭأƤɵǰʱһ㽫ƤС
ͬʱٴʮöѺϷ˴μƻڱԻȥ׼һºʽʼжʱһ˳֪ͬͨ㡣¼䣬ҲķȥɿʯֻҪһĴ״̬۷弴ɡÿɵĿʯȻ˴ɲҩʱ
ҲǣϾǳȻѹ̫֮ģ˻ڿ֮ʱҪÿµĽҩġĻҲԻЩǲɡ
ʶһɨִгʮǰһ޶Сƿ⣬һöӲӵСͱǣӡһЩµķġ֮⣬ʮƷʯ䲻֮࣬ҲһʲСĲƸˡ
ȻҲʲôлһ󣬱˵ĽƤСĵһնһֵĳ˸Ǻ󣬱ת뿪ʯ
ӰʧǰͨͷͻȻתͷһԵՆѯʵû뵽ӾҲһޣҲΪǿӣ֮Ƿ˵ǵĴ°ɡ
־ܷģ߶֮󣬽ƾһƷɽͭʱǰ罫ǱƷ齣ؽʤǰġՆԣ򲻼˼ĳڼԱ֤
ȻãǱ齣ʱǡԣƺеĳȥˡ
֪ΪΣܾôӵʵڴˣʵՆһתֲ˵
Ŷ˻⻰ɫһ
Ϊ˲Դʵصˣ˵汻ҵȿУҲʵ֮ˡ赭дĽ֮˻ɱɼѹֶξԲ٣ֻһֺеġՆ°ͣĿ˸˵
ţ˵ҲеǷʵֻҪܱþС⣬һˣ׼׵Ǽ֪ô˰ɣɱʲôβ͡˵ͷһתһ䡣
סһº󼴿ɳ죬ɻʺ࣬߳ҵĻڼƻ֮ʱӦ㹻ˡՆŲæĻص
ܺãڽѪѡȡ֮£չˣ˸˼£ֿʵ
Ѫ֮ѰҪӿūѡ˵ص˰ڵʱ򡭡ɲˡՆɫĻظһ˿â
Ѫ¹ش󣬻ҪСģ֤޴УοѪҪһſɽУڴ֮ǰѪһҪʹãʧȥˡҵȺαصڲȥѰԣ΢΢ҡͷ˵
ַģԻʱ̶ǵģʵڲУжǰ죬ǰѪȡՆٺһЦ󣬷ǳŵ˵
ãȻ㶼ȫұˡ¶֮ɫ
⣬ʴ⣬м֮ͨǵķҵһЩ
Ŷ˵⻰·һ
ʵǿԽЩ֮һ֡

պھ뺣׹Զĺ֮Уһɾ޴ʯɵĲ۽С
ڽµһڰ֮С
һͷɫɫ󺺣Ψһһ\ľϡ
ǵģнĻ塣
ǰվŵһ¶ɫֵˣʲô顣
˵ºϼһͿʼжˣܺãҪǿʴЩԨԴķϣڿһֱ硣ȱץס̾ͷȥһΪһζʱʴҲҵȵġȻһЦ
ǾʶҶԹСӡ
˼ˣû˵ʲôֻĿǰĴ󺺡
ߣģֻҪȷϢʵ³֮ɱ֤֮ѵ±ʳԲɣǰ˳Ĭӣһŵ
ԣų买˹֣ˡ
ȥӰһתȡһ̣һָ̱ɫâһһСһŵûС
󣬴Ȼվǵֱȥ

׿һضߣʮƫƧ˼
˶ΨһһͨڴҲʯżпū·ҲΪǷתȥġ
ôУȴһʯݡ
ʯ治ֻ߰ɴСȴһֱɣͨɫ۶ɵСͷɢһȦȦɫâʱһɹĪϢ
ǶŵʮȭͷƷʯ
һվڷĴ£һͷɫͷ޷ԶǴ˵ΨһĻǿ
˿̣һ澧Ө͸ľдʲͣȻһһ׹뷨֮С
һ̣һеɫΪһƾ򾧾֮оۼȥһķ׷ûС
ŹԽԽ࣬о
Ȼ߿һͣɫ΢΢һ£Ȼоǰһףͬʱһָһ
һģ󣬶ʱΪһɫƾǰ
ۡһ
·һͬʱ߰˵Ĵָϸɫʹһ˲͹һ
ʱɫһֶͬʱһתƾտǣ̼㻯Ϊһ޴
һſڣһž˾޾֮ϡ
˾һֳֶһģӰͷŶһɫ۸ǣݣԼһŮģ
˵ɣһ龧ˣԺжʼҶ޷ϵˡϸžŮӵģӰȷԷ󣬲ޱĻ˵


406 ۼ뾪
ߣ㲻˵Ҳ֪ġ󣬼ҲûмöġҪΪ˺㱣磬ᶯô˵ȱġҲˣ˿ҲѾ¾㱸ֻǷˡߵжŪԽԽãֻҪܶǣʵһЩ£׹һ֣ɹվ͸һ֡ȻܽЩһǾ͸òˡŮһö˵
ߣһǿߣ㻹˵Ҫǿߣҿ¼ʹкҲҪڴˡԣֻҪƻһ˵ؿ϶ƲСʱˣȴĳܹܵˡ˫֣˵
ΪһεıѾ׼˶꣬һЩԵɺϣյʵʩֻܳɹʧܡ߾жʱ䣬һҪԼʱ䷢һ̻һ̣ԲеġŮӲĻشԹԵ˵
֮ǰѾ˵飬Ȼ֪صġٺ٣˾ҺרŸĽһǶǰͱѣ汻ˣһ֪ġΣұ֪ҵĴۡĿкһֳһ˿˵
Ҳ򵥣ȻһѼƻȫΪ棬ĵĹ©ϢƾͼƵжֻǿϧЩū㣬µ֪ôһµġŮͻȻһЦ˵
ĵѣᱻ˵شϰ֮ˡҪṩҵ䷽Ҳ˳šĿ˸ɫָֻ糣ˡ
֪СҪ㱾;бһѪҵҲðȻϵġ³֮󣬱ҲᰴԼΪгϣӴйŮһ
ϣ˰ɡص
⣬Ҳܣڴ˵صѪ壬Ҫһȳ˴£ʱȻĺôŮƺ뵽ʲôΪصĲ
ߣΪ˾ֺοԶһ۵ĳȥӦǻڵޣҲѵΪҴӴ˵سȥɣ˫Ŀ΢Уɫķʵ
ǾַˡŮ̾һ˵
Ƕټ̸̶һЩϸ˺֮еľͷԵʯȻ䡰顱һͬʱѶ
ŮӰ֮һͬʧ֮С
ˣޱת뿪ƿʯź̧һߵĽȥ
ߵұǰֱͻȻһģұ֮˼¡
һ󡰺¡ǰұ֮ϺȻһʯţһƶ뵽һʮصʯڡ
ǶһЩɢ͸өʯĴһ̨֮ϣһֱɵСͼ̳
̳һСʯī
̳һȦȦĵɫƣ飬鲼̳֮ÿһطڱԵǶöɫʯ
ߵ̳ǰһ֣صһ̧֣һơ
ǰ̳ƶʱһһĿİɫȻʯϱֱ̳֮ʮ֮ߡ
ˣȻһſڣһɫһӭһεĻΪһźɫû֮С
һҡκ󣬽ŹǺд
漴ʧȡ֮ģиֳһģĺɫһͺ󣬾ٴһʧˡ

һʱ䣬ת˲伴
ڴڼ䣬֮зƽ˾·ǰָδֹһ㡣
նɱֻޣȡһЩ޲⣬δջ
Щ֮ǣֲϧʯƳһöǷ׶
β֮ʱһūʯſڣµµĽⶾ󣬾Ͷ˵תߡ
ԴˣȻһնʱ䣬ʯɵϢһĽԼȫ۷״̬
ٹպʯһ֮͡
һԲǰһƤӣüͷ΢΢
ǰˣ䵱ռՆĸ֮һ
ƤޱĴۺͻȻһһöӲӵ㳯ȥ
ֽӹһȻһöɫǣһ֮£һֻһתȡһöɫǣһ֮£ȻȫǺϣһ˿϶ûС
Ŀһ֮ͷ֮һϵķת֮£ͬʱĻ
Щвһ
ʲôھ;ۼƻǰˣϾͿʼжˡɫǴӶͷŲ󣬶ŶԷһʵ
Ƥȴޱĵͷ
һɿתĿ˸ѣһأǳһ˵ȻˣǾͶɡ
պ
ͨһЩδ߹ͨӵĴ֮£ӦǿĳĶڡ
һ·ϣӵĽ̸Լ֪˴жǰƺΪƻ˱¶Ŀܣʶòǰж
ھγ⣬ͬĺ֪ˡ
˶ߺһ㷢ֶʱ⣬ԶһҲһͨԼһɫûˡ
֮ڣȻжʮ˾ۼ
ÿһ˶أһصӣкȻԪŮ᪵ŮӵˣȴϵδՆ˵Ӱ
ڴ˵غ󣬱ԹԵ߿ռһ
ɫһҲߵԪԱߣ촽΢Ĵʵ֣ɴՆõʲôϢ˼ƻѵı¶ˡ
֣ҲǱ˴˴ģֻǱһЩˣҲδյ˿ʱ䣬ҲûмՆġԪ¶Ц֮ɫͬĻص
գ΢΢鴤һ£Ԫ˲ĵȴ
ʱţ˱˶֮е߼Ϥ֮ʱĿжھ֮ɫ
Ȼ˴ǰҲδʽͷϵġ
չʮ˺ȺһӣͻȻߵǰһȭĴλǰѡͬ飬ڴԺƬ̣ǰڸ˵;УúɵִλѴơ
ǰҵټ˵ƻǰˣڴ˰װ׵ĸɵȣǲǸøҵһġһ˫ֱĴ󺺣ʵǰƻģ֪ͬڽĻµǰ˵ĻֿȥʡҲֻǸ𴫻ѡѿɲҪҴˡ庣壬ٺһĻص
󺺺һɫЩ粻ȴû˵ʲô
˼ˣҲɫ죬ͬÿʲô
һʱ
һڴŲһ죬ҰɫһҷһӰֶ˳
Ŀ⡰ৡһȫɨ˹ȥһ֮ʱȴ־ʧɫ
ӰˣǱμƻķˣΨһĻǿȴһĹͭɫ֮ˣȻՆ


407 Ն֮
մ磡
ǰʲô˼
һΣȺ֮һɧΧҰɫһ󷭹ʱмվ˳˵
ҲǳԾ֣ȴɫĿӼһɨʱϳ⼸֮ǰפؼՆĸǰ䵽˴ƤҲȻС
վԵԪڿ֮˵ò󣬣ɫҲʮѿȻͻһĻҲͬû˿׼
ʲô˼ٺ٣ҪϷֵ磬ȱ˻֪ġϷΪðյͻȻƻǰˡھΣԿՆˡһһͽ֮ˣֱһס
顱һ
Ն£ͬһ̲׹˵ϣſһҽĹϹͭɫ֮ϱƾӿһĴɫƣŵ⣬˲鲼ȫһ߲ǹ֣
Ƶ˸Ϣ
ȻʱՆѾ˽ơ
һʱ䳡ȸϾ¶һŵı飡
ǰЩһģՆĸ˿ҲЩɲһͽգٷһ
֣ǰ˵𣿡Ԫɫ˼ǰϵՆʵﲻЩˡ
ƺԪ֮ԭſڵϵՆһָһº󣬾˵ע֮£һվӡ
ԭǿՆ˿̾ȻվЩѵӣɫ΢΢һĿжľˡ
Ն˿ͷɢɫЩҰףǿվΣһ˫˫ĿľȻĴǰϻɨԪϣŵ˵˵ûҺͿϵˣһһϱˣǰˡ
˻һ˶ʱһƬȻ
Ԫ׸һ²԰Ѫ
ڳ֮ˣȻѼƻ֮Ҳ˼ƻ֮еģ൱һĸՆֱ£Ƽġ
ȴй¶ƻܲ쳣ŭ
Ն㽫˴ȥͨΪ
ô㣬ǰΪȴ

һʱ䣬Ⱥŭڶ
Ն񣬸Ǵ˲׶
˵ı֣Ԥϰ㣬ȴֻ˫ֵԹۡ
ʱՆȻֿ죬׿ЦǷɫһ֮£ʱ
ЦֹסՆͻȻһͦư˵ЩˣΪʲô֮·ɣǿЦ֮
һ㶣һʱ֮䲻֪ՆǺ⡣
һˣȴǰһЦһ˵˿룬ľʧſڴƻƣĪΪ˻𣿡
ߣˣҲʲôˡ˵·ߣȫǲͨġ˼ƻһʼƭǡȻ֪ʵĿʲôȻƭȣ跨·кδģֻûϵʵ֮ϡڼȻˣҲ޻˵ġúǾͻһͬңڻȪ·ϵ̫µġՆԽ˵Խг˵ķ֮⡣
˻һԭЩµȺʱٴΰ˵Ŀ⣬ৡһ£ȫվՆϣ˾ɼɵȸָɫ
ΣһƲһ̧Ȼһǰȥ
顱һ
Նͷ­㱻Ӳһ飬֮ɽһء
һ̣Նͷʬ弡ϵĴɫͻȻһ֮£ԭͭɫƤʼѪҲۿɼѸٸɱȥ
̼䣬һͷʬƮƮԵϡ
ɨڳһۣ¶ЦЦı飬ƫƫĿޱȣĿڵʵϷڿʼﻮƻ֮ʱѷՆйˣΪһ֮Щüֵķϣһʱաڼ䣬Ҳ˲ٻᣬϧڤ粻顣ʶϷһֱδ֪֮Ϊ˼ƻʵ֮֡·ô
˴
һٺ󣬿ȴȻһȱڴپգɼ֪ˡڲԸȴߣԱ㡣
λǿߣԭϥ£ԹԵĴ
ڳ˼Σ
Ȼ֪Նˣ˭ƭ˭Ҳ֪˵֮·ǷĴڣˣȻҲȥġ
еԱ֮˵Ҳֻ˵˵ѣ˭ҪҪʹȥĺԸՆǰ֮³֪ˡ
һԭһˣȺͬϣ˽ԹԵĵϢ
Ԫȴ̾һһһŻ䡱һՆͷʬϣ仯Ϊ˻ҽ
ţɫһ䴦˭ҲıĿ
һֱŷһУȻɫδ䣬˿Զгģһۺüһ󣬵ƵҲһ֮˹ȥ
λں׹µĳ⡣
һۣƤĳªˣŮͨҵͨڴ
ھҴһСξ֮ʱŮڳ󸾵һ֮£ͻȻͣס˽Ų
ҶӣʴټЩūǰȥ󸾳ɤӣ᷿֮дȥ
κ᷿֮вŴҶüͻȻټν£
ū֪ӿЩŸʴѾúʱˡΪͷֱӼԴߴٵ
λʴ˸û̫ʱ䡣ǰڽ󿰿ˣҲûȥıҪˡ֮ٴδҶü
󵨣˵ʲôªԣʶɫһѵ󣬵һתȻһöɫҪһ顣
ʱƺʵ׹ʯţʱͻȻѶ
ʯɽ֮УһѸײڶ֮Ʒɾһģ󣬸֮б˿ɫֶ²Ϊ˿Ľ󸾼ŮȫС
һ󾪽к󣬳ª˺ЩŮ㱻ֱг⡣
ͨ˲䱻һѪסˣͬʱһŨŨѪ֮
˿һ֮£ٶȻΪ˿ɫڰ֮Уһ֮
᷿֮һɳ˿ڷɽһͬΪһĳ˲㶴һʯ¥ĲƣֱϷɫĻһȥ
ʱ׹ĳطͻȻ˺ɭУҶӣ˼򵥵ܳģδЩˣ


408 ս
һ£Ϸռ䲨һһֻʮɴСֱиֶ·ɫһѹȥ
δ£̺ǿ㽫·һȫ¡
еҶüֻΧһٶʱΪ֮һͬʱ¾޽˿ûеһһģ
Ҷüһ䣬֮оתһ֣߰˱ɫȻһȫû¾޽֮С
Žһ֮£ʱŮƾոֳһĶɫķ֮£һˮ״ϸɫ
ۡһɫ;ȻΪһһ֮£ͽɫ׵شмһ
֮޽һģͻΪһֶ˺ɫĻ֮ȥ
·һնĴ֣̼߽ѿΪɫڿʧ
ͬһʱ䣬׹ұ֮С
Ůӵı֮ԣʱһԣһַűһĳַ
ڹϷֱ˲䣬һ֮£˫Ŀһŭ֮ɫǰ֮еŮ֮һͻΪһӰ˲ԭʧˡ
Ƭ̺һ쳹ʵ֮ӹд֮һʮɴСͨ嵭ɫһצҶüӶݷ׷ȥˡ
ͷһŤɫǣ֮ϲɫƬһɫ׵罻֯˸ͣԶԶȥƾֻ֮Ǽҡͷβ䣬ͬ˺ϿյĽǰ̼һȥ
תۼ䣬ɫѳǧĺף˺֮ϣڼİɸߵľ֮һĳȥ
Ƭ֮󣬸ոջָƽĺٴһˣһɫڼдһƬĴгڿһ󣬱Ŀһɫ緽׷ȥ
ǰҶü磬ƺǲ˺Ľ׷ģȻһԽ֮ĳеֳһööɫģ׷ױѶΪһɹɾ˲
統âĿһ£ʱʮ֮⣬ٱǰֹ˱ϡ
׷ɫΣĿ¶һɫһ˿ɫ֮ͬһһȻһģһȦȦĴĿϱΪǵɫ˵Ľû֮һɫ⳱Ĺ׷ȥٶȾȻҲ˴֮ࡣ
һǰһ֮£תۼӸʧӰ١

ʲôʾȻһ뿪˺ʹ̫ˣ壡ȥ̿ʼж𺣻ʹʡǽϳһڵ£һ˺󣬻κͱ嶷뺣ʹ֪Զ֮һһβͷɫڵϺߣǰһʿ󣬵״Ц˵
ǣ£ʿӦһȥ
ߣʣץס֮󣬶ȡ浤Ԫؿһͻƿɾ׺֮ߡĿźʹ૵˵ϵ˷֮⡣
һٷƬԭƽĺȻ
һ¡¡ˮʼӿһһʮ֮ޣиֳһͷͷСľ޴ޡ
Щ޴鲼Ƭ޿֮֮ܲ䣬ˮѣһ㿪ʼĳ˶С
޿㱳ϣȫվһ£ֱֳꪵĺʿ
Ǽڽӳ֮£˸һȦȦɫΣԶԶȥâ˷ޱȾˡ
Զߣڴһ󣬱㸡ֳڶɫݣۿɼٶȷɿȻǰںʹĺɫݣУڶຣڹ
Щɫݸǵصķɹȥûã򴫳ˡľ·涼Ϊ֮ѣ֮ԶкӰһ֣ȻʮֻСɽľ޴۸ֶ
Щİ֮ӡžɫƣڸ鲼һɳںڼ̣ò쳣
ۼװϣӰζҲԼɼһȫװɫʿгһ뷽ɷ죬һǾ֮ʿ
һҾ۵ǰˣһŮվϣƴһεĲ׺ٵǿ
󴦣վʮƬĺ֮ˣɫأɢϢǿޱȣȻƴĻǿߡ
һ߷ĺͷϢ˵ĺӰϢ򺣵׹ɿȥ
Ϊ׵һ;޴ĺӰȻһͷ鲼ɫƵľ޴㣬㣬ÿһа֮ޣͷ­ǰ棬Ȼֳһżĸף˫Ŀâһ˿鶼δС

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ݴӰһֶ󣬾ȻǳλĻǿߡ
䱳ԶȻվһѩľɫŮӣĹ֮ɫȴŮ
ܱףȻмһֱ޷ףΪ壬ǺʵĸΪȴҪͶˡҪþϵǰҶԻԭֺġʵ
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һ˵ӻкȻһŰС澧Ө͸ľ򣬲һ顣
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ߣ˿̶һּС


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ϽϷ뺣װɸ߿֮ĵɫĻ⣬һ޼ʵ档
һ֮䣬ÿ룬ɼһЩž޴ʿѲš
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ʴ˴˷ȻֳƹȻޱȣ⻹ҵļһμһɫƤ壬һ˷֮ɫ˵
ǰʴǲ׺֮Ψһ浤ǿߣǺߣһ̺ԣ˵Ѫ֮л̳һ˿ϹʱڵѪǰֵǵɫв֪ǺˣȻ˶ŭһʿ˵Ҳǳ羴֮ɫ
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ۡһڿշ𣬵һת󣬱˰֮С
һ˿⣬۳һһƬϼʱΪСɫš
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410 ֮սһ
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411 ֮ս
ݼ˴ϲʱһָһ㡣
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ݣʲô飬㶯þеı𡣡Ӱһ̿Եʵ
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⻰һڣȻһɧ
ǰһԨ֮أҪ޴ڵʴǰΪܲõģǡ
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ԪڴЩˣӦöΪ˽ġ
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Թ˵ҲǴ֮Է˺һ˵ȴǾ綾ޱȣרۻ˵ǣ׽ӴáֻͨҪһڣͻʶ𺦣ҲֱӴԨ֮صЩ޲֪ӺζѪ⣬ƲǹȴȫԿʳ档ͬʱ޲бޱȣֻҪֲͬ࣬һӿϣʹǿ˦һЩ룬ǻ᲻ݵؽ׷šԴˣҲӦˡԪ˵һ١
Щ޵ȷѲ֮ⶫƺҺΪӶֵ࣬ĻʹȺӦԱɡǰʱһĻҲɵһݡ
ǡǡ෴˵Щ廯ǿߣһ˿ռ䣬δüٶ֮ʱȷĴڣ˺ʵȼǿ߷ӦԿ죬ǿʶ֮ʶ⣬༸˻ڲ뼸ڣΪգڷӵĴ޵ַΧ£ˡֻкʵˣٴκ˺ѿռķغ׿ҾʹڿܲɭϵĽƣ赲޿նҲ޲Ҳ޷ǰǰɽˣֻгÿһʱĽƱڣܽҴ
Ԫһ˵໰Ԩ֮˽⣬Ҳ֪ǰΪ˼ɵˡ
Ԩ֮صĴ˵ڴ˵زʲôܣڴ˵΢˳һЩˣȻ֪ˡ
ǻǸǼף治˵ˡһת˼ɫ
Ԫڳһº󣬾ȻִȻûʲôݣ֪ʲôʱ𣬱˵޵Ԩʵֱͨеֻڵľڤ硣ִȻ޻̸֮ˣϾȫһĻסľڤ磬ֻһ˵ʶ
һڤ硱Ļꡱۺвһݡ
Ҫ֪ƽ߿еתָһ㹻ǿ֮ˣԼͶ̥תǻԵ㹻ĻܾǰһЩٲĵãӶһ;ߵĸԶ
Դӽ׵ҺںȻҲʸŵĲؾ󣬲ѯ൱ͽ޷ĵϣйؾڤϢһǳ¾ɵ伮пġ
Ǳ伮һ˵Ĺ;ڤеĻȫֲͬ
ǰɴв飬Խʬ׹ֱͨͣ۳壬Сһ仯ɻΪϸࡣߣȴһֱ׹ڤУ֮ٴλΪƻǰĴڣ󶼱ֺǰһò
Ϊͬſɴڣʶһ㷲Ӻ׽߻Ϊһ̸
ǰ˵Ĺʵӵʵֻ֮ι״
׽緲ͨ˵Ĺֻ꣬ΪĳЩԭδȫɢһƾѡ
ʶܿƵġڤءȻǰˡ
˵ľڤ磬Ϲʱʼдţ˵ֻĴ֮ʿԻ֮˽磬ʶһֱصɫʣ֪˽Σֻ֪˽һĺӻֳɾŴÿһһͳΣںֻصľϣްˡ
Щ˼ʱҲڱ˵󶼱ʾԸԨ֮С
Ͼڳ֮˶֮ѡĲڣϸһףȻԸһͬ룬ȻԴмĵģԼСЦˡ
£˷׷׳ǰȥ
һ֮£һ̱վһʯ̨֮ϣʯֱ̨ӵԸ֮ͬʮǿվ档
ڽе֮ʱһһâһΪһͨСһɶȥ
Щȵĸֽס߱ĴϷصһƷ齣ȫʩչ֮
˾Ȼ˵һЩɣڴ龰£Ȼ˶ʲôġ
δ䵽ʯ̨֮ˣԸֻʼʱһ빥Ƽɡ
˾ѵλȫһԾԾԵģµ˵˵ϱоȻط࣬ΪµĽƼӳԵʣҲΪ֮ࡣԺһƿһ㣬¶ڶ㣬ȱȫƿɡڵ㣬Ϸ취Ƴ
˵գֻһһͳɬʮɿһΪ˳ÿһ׼ȷʯ̨ϵĽӲӵ֮ϡ
ʱЩһ֮£һɫâһĴָϸĽɫ˿зϷ֮£̼㻯ΪһʮɴСĽ
ˣȻһſڣһžѪһΪһѪ뵽ɫ֮С
ɲǼ䣬һ죬ȻһƬĿҫ۵ľâʹ˲£׷ױ˫Ŀ
Ϊʳ廪˫Ŀһ֮£㽫Ĺ̿˸
ɫľѪ֮ͻȻת𣬲Ŀ֮һƵ˺Ϸ
һ̣˫ַһ㵭ɫĹ⻪
ͬʱɫӦһ㣬ĴɾһȦȦĽɫϼ⣬û뵽ƿյС
˫ֽһգʮɴСĽɫȻȫûϿղӰ
䡱һ춯ؾ죡
ϷȻһŤģͻȻŷһĿâӲ˺ѿһĶСĻ
վʯ̨֮ϵ˴˿ѷ׷˫ĿǰһĻɵһ־֮ɫ
ڣϿʼˣΣϲ԰Ѫĵȵ


413 ֮սģ
ֻ˵ôһ仰ԹԵһʯ̨µһյϣϥ£˫Ŀв֪ʱѶöƷʯʼٶȵϢָ
ͬʱʯ̨֮ƴˣҲ׷״߶³ֵɫĻչϬ
ȷģԪӡ
ո£ͷһ㵭ƹ⣬һԾ˫һ־޴׼ɫĻĴһҶȥ
һ̣ںӰСɽûͷĻɫĻϡ
һ˵ڹĻϱѶ쳹ߣԼγһڝ磬·ɾ
ԪԲܲ˵ȻͣϼȻִһȦԼһɫƴֶ
ŮӣһƮƮĸ˿Уһתжʱһž
ۡһ
ӾϸСĹ㣬һۣգۼһһŵ˹ȥ
𸽽һʯ̨ϣ᪵ŮӣһһƵ죬ƴҡ֮£ӿַ׷׻ΪһֻֻӥĹݣһɹɹַ磬ҲɫĻ
ʱһʯ̨Ҳһķɳʯͬʱšۡƿ
֮ˣһʾ޹ųһʮɫļʸǰһһ䵽Զմ
Ƕ죬ÿһιɫĻΪ֮Ȼޱȣ
ߵūʱҲ׷óԼѹıͬ뵽˹С
ǵĹȻԱԪˣʤ˶ಢͬһʱ֣ԶԶȥ·ڿշһƬɫϼƷӾȻֵӡ
һͱУɫĻһģĿʼŤ
Ҳԥˡ
˵һâһһָɫСһĨȫпע롣
ɫСһȻɢһɱ̹ǵĺ
ޱһһĽӰûȻָһ£нӰƿռ;ںһ壬˲ӭοǣգۼοǣΪһʮɳ⽣
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䡱һ춯ؾ죡
ɫĻڵھ޴⽣նһ±Щҡҡ׹
վʯ̨ϣޱֱһһָٸһȥ
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ϵɫĻڸֹ֮£һı
˻δһϲɫĻ֮ȻƾոһѪɫ˿ͣĽ߲֯һ㣬ٴγһѪĹǽ
ˣһͣеĹ
Ҳһ֮£ҲֹͣеĶ
ƺ𣬼ʶһֳ̧ѪɫǽһʸһһƬ׻һȥ
һĻˣ
߹һѪɫǽǰۡۡȫֱûУӰ
֮ǽǽ洫ˡ¡¡죬âһѪɫһһź󣬾͵˳ǰ
ūɫʱ䣬֪һйǹһΣʱûһƬƬİɫĻعĽԼС
һһŴڣһɳ棬ӭŹһȥ
һ̣ȻһɢûѪ˿ֻ͡һ죬ɫͰɫĻͱ˲䶴һ°ʵʵԶ·ֻѪһ㡣
˴󾪵Ѫ֮ƴУԴԴϵѪ˿֮£̼޷ֺˡ
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ʱѪɫǽ˼º󣬺Ȼͻָԭȵƽ
⵽ʲôѵǸﲻɣ
һзֻмĹΧʯ̨ϵ˲һ亹죬󶼷׷װǰԼûðȻ֣Ҳ˺ǰū֮ˣŭʵ
ߣʲôһƬѪζѡⶫȻʲôԣһܹȴ᱾ܰĹһлϷûн˵֮ǰ֮Ƴⶫ練Ƶ飬ֻж໨ЩˡϷǰ˵ףƣġǼȻȻֲˡ
ԭϥͻȻ˫һǷһ˿ЦĿ˵
֮վͻȻӰһģ£ĳ䲻Զվĺǰָֻһţ䲻Ľץסˡ
ǰҪʲô
˴ʧɫȴͬ׹޷ֺеʵ
ߣʲôȻҪȡƽѪˡ
ʲô㲻˵
˻δ˵ɫһָһһɾ֮£ͷ­Ȼ䱬Ѷ
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ѪɫǽѪɫ֮󣬵һ𣬲һ󣬾һΪѪɫҺܽ⿪
ǰֳһʮɳĿռѷ죬ǳխڲ¡ģ
˴ϲͬʱǰĿռѷ죬ֶһ˿֮ɫ
Դȴƺ׼ֻһ׳һȥ
ֻڿռѷǰסתһȦ󣬾ȻΪһ߲ĺǿܣֱҡҡλεķ뵽ѷ֮С
֮Լȴ˫Ŀ΢ն
ɲǼ䣬˶ףգһˡϾռѷǱǷȫǾڳ˵ˡ
ܺãǱںܰȫûз޵ӰѷӦÿԳԼһʱʱ䡣λڿɴϷȡһݹƺҺԼϢһץʱˡзһɶ˫Ŀһ󣬻ĳ˵
⻰һڣȻ˿ϲ֮
򻺲ߵǰٴϥ£һӣǰʱһƤ
һΣٴߴʲôǰȡ˶
ȡһӺʶһɨ㷢һöǰһ޶Ĺƺһƿ֮ѪƵҺ㲻ÿɷҲһյأ
ʱ

ͻȻһվȡһöƣ䣬һתһûѷ֮С
Ҳһݵվ׷ռѷһɶȥ


414 ֮ս壩
˼Ԩ֮صͬʱ
ʹ뺣սݱĽš
𡱵һ
һͷʮɵޣĻ֮һͨīľ޴³ĺ֮£˲ŧ壬Ƭ̼ö֮ʱ
ɫҲһ󣬡䡱һʮִͬʱУΪ㾧ı
ͬʱʹǰķθ̨֮ϣ׷ԲԵձѪɫһӿһѪ˳
ԭֳֺɫҲ顱顱ĽԱ
˿ɫ󣬺Ȼֻʣһֻ߲ǲͣһӹ̷ӭС
ʹˣԭ˵ɫĻ˿Ҳֻʣһ޵ĵˡ
ڷҾۺʮֻ޴޺ƿɫĻһ֮ң綼᧿Σ
ʱ뺣粻֪ԶһƬϡ
ҶüһƮ費˿Ųһɫ޽ڰɵĸ߿֮С
ŲǰȻͷصɫ⳱ü΢΢ƺ˼ʲô
Ŀһһɫ޽仯ΪһƿնߣȻǳȥˡ
Сʱ󣬴ŮͳһɴСĽʯϣǰȻһԲѵ׺ʿԱ߲Զһʯеꪡ
˿̵Ҷüһֻɢְڴ˺ϣĿ΢գдš
Ĺ󣬺ʿһŤ顱һ죬ͷ­ȻıѶ
Ҷüֻһͽɽĺ֮ﾡһϸδմȾϷֺ
Ȼѡʱϳ廹ǳԤ֮⣬˵ȴδһᡣˡҶüվźʹڷ૵˵
һ̧֣ųһŻʱ㽫׺廯Ϊ˻ҽԼΪһڿշ𣬳ʹķȥˡ

һ
һɫԾȻӵɫĻ֮гڿһͻȻǰľ֮зٳȥ
ھԼۻײ֮ʣͨŷһɴĿ֮⣬һɷ·˺صĿռ䲨Ĵ
һ춯صı󣬵֮һɫĻֶ֮һɫƾھǰֶֻΪεһ
ɫĻֻ֧˼º󣬱ڱдѶ
ɢ֮ϵĺ֮ŷ֣ɫԺ;۾ȻͬʱʧԭֻһƬѡ
ϵڶຣʿǣǱղž˱ըֱӻΪ˻ҽ
ͬʱԭ͸ɫĻҲɫԱ֮Ҳ޷֧ȥı
ʹǰķθ̨֮ϣһɫΪһѪվڸ̨ձͻȻһѪήҵ̱˸̨ϣϢҲ޷վӡ
ɫĳ̱㱩¶˺ǰǰЩʿָ߽֮£˵ĺ׽֮ԸĽƹĻΪڻŽĺ巢Ź
龰󷽾֮ϵĽߣһ£ʼڶĽ״ݻٺΧһнͽơ
ʱһͷͷСľ޴޼ʣľۣ㶥ĸɫʼ򺣵Ĵ
ʿźУһһʱ׾ٵ˺ߡ
ʾߣԭƴľҲڳˡ
ֻҾ޴ͭս£οں淢һ˻Уӭ˾޴޼Щۡ
һʱ䣬˫ɫʸ֯ϼ죬Ļ֮ɱڶ
һʱ䣬Ҫôкľ۱幥Ʒˮοܶʱӵϣĺʿ̱ӣ
ҪôƬˮ޴ѹһҧһƬ
ҪôϰͷοܽʮʿӲ˺ѷ顣
һߣһֻȻοܣжýޱȵһ˺۱Եһȶ󣬱һɱʮʿ޿ܣֱϵĺʿһйһ̲ͭ
Զʮվھ޴֮ϵĺʿһԽļ߽ʿһ͵Ϯ֮£תۼֻʣ߰˸ˡ
ʱ޴һŭ𣬴һţһȻʱ㽫һƬ֮ļʿ˳ʿڽӽ֮ʱ䱳ϵĺսʿҵ֮£ࡣ
ʿֱ˾޿С
ߣھ˫һ֮£ʱǰϵĹĻ綹ѿ
ںŵҽ֮£ߵͭսοתۼأʣ޼
巽ڽڽʤ֮£ͬҲ٣ŶԽӵĽƴݿƳΧȦȴڲСУת۱нٷ֮ʮĽѱƳ
˿̣ԶĽߣϢǿ֮ӰȻûг֣·ڵȴʲô
ڴʱһĵ𣡶ԭΧƺ׻ʹܵһˮ׷糱ˮһ㳯źۼ޷ȥ
ǵ֮£ʱ뺣С
ۼϺʿݿܣ޿ײĶˮܼĹ֮£Ȼ˲أˮҺմߣʱö
ʿһЩ߽ͳ£ҲʾļԷâӾһ󵶹⽣Ӱ֮£ʱˮ߰˽صɢڵϡ
Ҫˣˮƣֻ鷳ˣ֪ǱϵʴûСĳУһŨܺë󺺣һ뷢԰ߣ֮ɫ˵
ǰѶѾϵʴˣ߸ϻΪ֮ƣֻܷһˣȡ㹻ʱ䣬ϣʴ˻Ĳ̫߳Ƭ̺ɫһ˵ޱȡ
ֻܺٻǼһˣƾǼ޷ȥˡһΰСӣʮĽ
һһۺҲĬȻĵͷ
ûжúһˮնɱ䣬󲿷οֻʣһСʱ򣬺ʹϣͻȻһ춯صľ޺
֮߰˸ɽȻӵ·׷ðɿڿգ񱼶
Ȼֻ߰İɣͨͷֽǣһľޣÿһֻȻɢžľսĻϢ
Щ޴ԶĵϣϢֳһɫķ
ǰ壬Ȼڴ˷֮С


415 ֮ս
һ£ڵĺʿǵĹȻһַһģ׼Щޡ
ȻǷͨͷЩľ޺Ч֮ʱ⼸ͷȴһһĶŸֹ뵽˺ǰС
̼䣬һҾ۱ͷΧŵĸһ󣬾ں¡¡ɫĻ֧
԰ټƵĺʿǱ޴֮£㱻ϼһС
һĻԶĽɫ䣬һ£һиɫƬĻǿվ˳ֱڿնԷɿٶǰ޳ȥ

ױͨС
һվһɫĻǰޱվԶĿٶ
֮ǰСʱͱͻȻֵĽƵסˣļ֮£νֶξ
ȻǸַ͸ַȴֻɢ溮ĹĻһЩۼȴʼ޷ֺ
粻˺һͻȻһҧһſڣһɢ͹âĺɫһ
ȻһԪ֮档
һд֮£ʱΪһƺɫڵǰıĻһȥ
ڡһ£ɫĻʱһƬɴСĺɫûˣͬʱɢһɹϢˡ
˲ɫ΢΢һģʶ˰벽
ɫĻȼ£渡ֳһöö֮ķģת֮£ƴűʴ
ʱ߶пעȥͣӴܡ
顱һ󣬺ĻڻбѶΪ㾧âʧС
ɨһصı̧ǰȥ㷢ֹĻȻ¶һӨͨ
ͨǽǰʱ·һ㣬ȫɽһ㺮˪ֻǱ֮ǰ񼸷֣һӽһɴ̹Ǻ
һ˾ͷԼһߵڡ
߰ɡ
һ˿ϲ֮ɫͷҲصһԸ̧ǰȥ
Ĭĸ
ͨƬ̹˱һǰһ̤һĶСı֮С
ĿһɨͣĴŵıзӡĹװŮϣϼ鴤һºͫһ˿֮ɫһһһɶȥ
ɾڴʱһȻ
棬һѲúõͻȻһΧһռ䲨
ڹ⻪䣬һòİڷĴһ֣Ǻʱˡ
һ˫Ŀ̺ޱȥ
һʱӲͣԭأްѪɫˡ
Ҳһͬ˿־֮ɫ
˵ɣΪҪѱȴֻǵ˺һ䣬ȴĿһתڱеŮϣ͸¶һ˿ټů⡣
Ǻǣѡ㲻㣬ȻṦһ񡭡ľȻǰİ꣬૵ȻԹԵЦһ̶ЦЦдһ˿ʹԶĸȥ
ԣüͷ΢΢һ壬ĿһٴŮȴûٿڰ䣬һԾȶԷظӡ
ͻȻЦһգ̾һȻɫһ˵һɢڲ׺֮Уԭǧ̤뻯ںΪ˻ȡԴʴ¡֪Դ˵һ𣬱ϲ˴ˡúұ㰵ԣΪ޴ҲҪɾͳɵ֮Щ꣬ΪĴѰĵر̽Ԩɱ壬ΣյΪץȡҪĿūɾڵһ
˵˴һ٣ͻȻһԹ֮ɫ飬ݺݵĽ˵ʴأȴ絾һ㣬˷֮ʱδ˽ټңûۿһۡΪսˣȴδõ˿֮⣬ȴһӰмӡҳ𣿲̫ᣬ̫ˡȻ֪ŮǺķ濴ǿϰٱ󻹴һòƵŮΪ˫ް£ǹĸûУҲˣܲҶ⣡Ůܸʲôһѡ
ˣ׼ԣͻȻɫһֻһʱɫһһξͻȻ˴Ůϣһ𣬲ɳˤϣһѪֱ˳
㲻˵ƫҪ˵صĳһ֮󣬾дӵһĻһָűĿоǷ֮ɫ˵
֪ⱻ֮ˣС顯䱾ʵһ̺ԣһļ壬ֻҪ֮壬Ϳľ꣬Ӷʹռݴ壬ұ˵ڶ顯󣬹
ܺãԭǱŴִģȻĻҶҲûʲô˵ˡ
ͫһ䣬ϸֳһĻ˵
֮ŷһӴ֮ϢһȦȦ쫷һһ˲ư˳ǰһ
顱һ죬˿ûĳһ֮£̼ѶΪһɺѪͻȻһź
⻯޳һƾꡣ
ޱĵһָ̧һţ㡰ಡһ֮У޷ֺ
˿̣΢΢ɨƴĺһۣĿȴ¶һ˿ֱ飬һ󣬲ŵ˵˵ûȷн飬ȴǱˣǱͬ׽㣬֮ԿԳɾ׺֮Ψһ浤֮ǽˣŵͻƿ뾳ġҪ㷸飬һȴ⣬Ǳֲñĺˡ
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416 ֮սߣ
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417 ֮սˣ
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ʱͷѾһɶײǰ·ޣĳ嵽ǰ
ֱײļƣ˿Ҫܿ˵ӡ


418 ֮սţ
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һʱ䣬ΧѪɫ߲ͣܵʹϿգƾ֮


419 ֮սʮ
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420 ֮սʮһ
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Բ̶׼̳ϷһΣһ׹һĴԲ֮С
Բ̱ӿ֣һ֮һɫһŵûʯϷմ
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˵˷׷ĹУҪûūУȴһ㡣
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ʲô׼˵ʲôĪ㲻뿪˵ˡȴɫδ䣬ֻǵ˵
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⻰״΢΢һδ˵ʲôԱһֱĬĺʣȴͻȻˣǶɡȻڷĸӦڵġ
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ĽǰĿū󾪣һҪȥ
ʱ͡һ죡
âһ
˿ӵصȻĶū
ʱҽūԵڵء


424 
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̳ҲȻޱһ󡰺䡱죬ҳʼ䣬ֳ䶯Ѫɫ飬мʯһһ󣬾ںУǼ߸ɱʬ֮С
һз˲Ϣ֮䣬ԶūˣȻ־ŭ׷ڿպˡ
վԶ֮ˣŽǰһУ˸
ǰĿտ֮ϣȻֳһɳʯɵ۷һ㣬ǰֵľ޴ֻ޿ڣ̳ʯͷûɵġ
ūոպ˵˲䣬ԭͻȻ˫ĸһӣξһײȥ
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ʱԪҲչ¶ʵеԪȻǷضѡ


425 һ
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һ̣ɫʸһ֮£һĻͷŵĹĻ֮ϡ
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ͽոȥ˲䣬ȭӰһХǵصĻ˲дĻ֮ϡ
Ļ̴ġ顱Ƭ̼䣬⼸Ļͬʱֳһ׺ڡ䡱һйĻͬʱѶ
һɫ룬дǰһᣬע֮£ٴλûһſסȭӰȴҲܣƵýȥ
Ԫһ£˵λǿߡ
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ͬһʱ䣬·ľ޴ͷ­ͷ֮£ȴֻ֮ȫƷſеʳ
һԿūҲ̽˿дͬŮڵūѾ˴˵ء
ʱһֱ俴ߵĺʣٴγˡ


426 
ͻȻâʢĶ̳һӣǰȻһƬһξһģ󣬾ʹԭʧˡ
ľ޴ͷ­ˣȴȴһЦͷ­΢΢ת֮һž޿ڣһƬ˿ˮһӿһմһֶȥ
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һɸɫ˴Ӻɫ˿ȻһܶһЩƺǹĺ˿գۼ価ȥ
ڻĴһ۵ĺʣһɫ棬ֶŽߵľ޴ͷ­һЦ󣬺Ȼеһ׶ڿһɫӰԼһ˲䵹ȥһĿ⿴档
޴ͷ­ʶһŴڣɫһ룬ЦԵ⣬˲֪£ۻκһմȾԾʧ㻹ʲôʩչˡ
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ಡһ
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ȥ
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ۡһ
ӺĺɫԽɫ쫷޶õһֱӶ׷ͷ­һģ󣬾͹ĳϣͬƶϣͽӲҲ


427 ħ֮
׷ڱҪ˲䣬ͬǰĽɫ쫷һΪâɢٶȻָһŻɫƮ¡
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֮أ˼ȥҲδҵ֮ǰᵽѪ޵ĶңϷ꾭Զ֮ڶԸһЩ涾֮ʱȷĶࡣ˷ҲСûʮգŪɳ׾
΢΢һллָ㣬浽صʱȻ˲ˡ
ȷʵˡˣڴ˸һķҢѱϷҽϲ٣ҽտԸ֣а취ġƺϲ̫ϲʿ򽻵ߵ˵ͷݣƺ뵽ʲôȻ˵
ԣпЦһȻһлȻٴƶ
ȥķ򣬺Ȼ㵺ˡ
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֮Уտжλ᳤һ߽׿ҲƼڴˣࡣ
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ͨͻһ̸ѾȷǱ澭ϼйԲϲҪƳʮصķΣԲϲſɡ
öѾʮؽƵļƷʮؽֻһһƳɹɱɷΡ
ƴ˶Բϣлв٣Ӧ㹻һƵļˡ
ӵʮؽƵĹǶܻžһĻϹǰҲԱˡ
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ѾǱҪƷɰ;ڶܶ׶õģرǺߡ
һ汻ǿ߶ϣ鷳ɾʹˡ
Щ׼󣬽ʹڶմϢ
߰Ԫһͬ뿪㵺һ·Ңڵĵȥˡ


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Ѫ޵ͺһĿѪһ˿ھۿɼٶȷɿֺͬʱˮһӿһɹȻӸͽѪʬм۳һžѪֱ޹ӿ
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༸Դ󾪣е̱任ҪջУеȴַ̧ųҪȻס˵һֻŽңʱ
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һҽУͱѪһնƣ˲䱻ǧٿס
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СģޱܲͬྫѪйҢΣ־ŭȵ


446 նɱ
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УһʱʧֱѪ͵Ϯ䣬ȷǿϧĺܡҢ̾һ˵ڷӵ䣬Ҳʮźģ
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һк󣬷տޱջ齣Ӱζ䣬Ϣ뿪˶ߡ


448 
˻ص㵺ǵڶ峿ɽȥʱӭȴһˡ
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飡
ԪȻμӶĶϢҲĻһۡ
֮ԴҴææӶгʵǽӵĴѶټҵȫ̳ϣһЩ飬ƶͷͶĶйءڼȻλѾصͬһǰˡЦ˵
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ȷϷƴ󡣵۶δӣҸԸҪ̫ŵĻɣʯҲѵˡɫһףȻеġʮη壬æά
Ҳʲôɣ㻹Ǻú׼¸µĶĶɣøʧˡòŮޱĵһۺ󣬱תƮȻ뿪á
ӡ߼ˣ˵ĿŮӰȥ

һպ󣬳̳дһϢ
ζĶΪ¹شԷǲμ֮ˣ˿Իôй׵⣬ṩʮʯسꡣȻǻʤĻòÿѡһġ
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һʱ䣬йضĶ֮µõ˵ĹעµԾвμʸ֮ȭĥ


449 ѡ
ڴʱһ˳ԾϢֶߣ
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ʱ䣬ǼСͽۻΪƵʵ֮Ϊ˻һϯ֮أȻϧѪҪ˴ȡһЩʵѷΪûϣμ֮ˣҲҪûһʡ

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ԪȻҲٶ˵˼󣬱Ƕȥ

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ԼһʼΤƣȻҲС
С;ۻƵҲûһЩõĲϳ֣һʯЩƽؽӴִ¿УȴҲ˲ѶϢ
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ʿԺٺЦһѹС˵Ҳֻǵ£ʶҽһΣʱִ֮䲢δ࿴ȡ궫֮ҲȥˡֻǴҴһƳ֮ҲʵҾȲˣļֵҲʮʯҶм֮ңлмһ֮ҲһֱδŪ;
˼ʶ֮Ҳ޷ʶȻǺöˣЩʲô˵˵ԣȤʼ׷ʵ
ٺ٣¼ʶһ㣬ûۼĶȻʤˡм¼ʹȥе伮ȻҲ˿ͷ˵һɫʯһ鲼ɫƵ񣬱Ϊ֡ͷӱһ֮£ϲ¶һ˿Ե֮ɫ΢󣬱㿪
̸˵ᣬǿȻһ
ʿᵽ񡱼֮ȴʱһ
Τѣλ±иˡһˣ˸ڣ뿪˽ֱ̳ȥ
ΤƵȻе⣬ֻ˼Ҳˡ
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һ̤붴˵֮̽вϥ£˫Ŀ
һ֮£ʶкȻһöɫþһ󣬵תĻΪһɫ伮
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̫伮ǰ벿˵Ȼ̫ߵ֮벿ȴ˵Ǻͽ֮йصһЩע
оȷָǽ֮鱻飬޷̫ͨˣԱƫ棬ͨһЩƫŵĽ֮顣
⼸ֽ֮ΪòϺ֮֮ͨ飬ʶߵڶὣ߳
ֻƫŽòУԶͨ߻Ҫʱʶȥһɺȴ÷ɽֲ˼ܡ
Ȿ̫ϣͼһ֡սƫŽ֮˵һɽ֮к󣬿÷ɽ֣Ӱȥ٣նɱǿμ䡣
˽֮ϣȴһС񡱵ϣȴҲδĲϣȻЦ⡣
伮ͬ˴˲ϵĻ񣬺Ȼǰἰɫһ޶ӡ
ѵǽɫӵ񣿡ǰѽ̫飬кʵһȻһϲ
뵱̫Ժʵıȣ֮Աȥʹһ֮Ǵۿۣڽ֮ϱҪֹڴˡ
̫ⶥ׵Ľ֮ź֪
ϾҶüԻΪƾһճȻǿ߶ӲâȻƣɸ˼̵ӡ
֪лٴ֮飬Ȼֻһϣϲˡ
ϾֻҪԽǿʵܱ֤Լڽ֮·ߵĸԶ
սǳеһЩҲֵõġһվҲҪμζĶᡣ

պ
⼸ڵϴķзĶĶѡĻ̳ԵĳֵڣҪμѡ֮½˱
֣û뵽Ҳˣ̫ˣ˵Ҫչ𣿡ձԪڵ⿴һ漴־ϲ
ԭ˴㣬˼ȥվǵֲסʮʯջ󡣡ȻԪ˵ʵкĴ
ٺ٣ȻˣǱζĶȻӲҶ֮ˡԪٺһЦķ֮Ҳʡ
棬˼һȭȸˡ

µʱ䣬Ȼһζ
һգ㵺һС֮ϣСɽ֮䣬һ䳡һľ޴ƽ̨֮ϣ˿ڷɴС̨
̨м䣬һɫۣͷڵĳտפֱŮɼڵĵء
ܣһһƬվˣȻ˴ڲѡΣó׷׸һʢͬʱ˲ٻеĵͽ׵ӣҲ۽磬մ֡
һʱ䣬ѡֳͷܶò֡


450 
ѡεĹܼ򵥣ǰ֮Դ̨ķʽʤռ̨볡
ʵˣһ˸ǰս֮ˣɻȡμ˶Ķʸ
տѡαԣڽ˵һ飬ҪдΪвʹɱֺ󣬱ŷض뿪ƽ̨ԶһרΪսС͸̨ϣȶʼ
ûãʱˣһһķΪ飬Ȳ̨˵Ĵ
̨Ȼ˽Ѳúõķ󼤷𣬵һɫĻ̨ȫ¡
ۼڴ˵ڣȻǰ㽫̨ΧˮйͨкõģҲԶԶڿչ¶˷֮ɫ
ʱ̨һĺ󣬱ȺֳʤȻ˼̨ս
Ԫ˲ֻ֣ԶԶ̨ϵıԡ
ҺϵĿܼжʮˣַֻʮˣӦΪ˿̻еЩмӦʮа˾žۼڴˡԪ̨ϵĶԾл˵
ŶЩ˶μӱȶģԣɫʵ
˵Գ˽̶ȣԶԶԱλڽʵԪġ
ǵǣǰˣ˴αȶղμֻ֮ͬʮˣֵġԪɨһߵȺٺһЦ˵

չ
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顱һѪɫӰɫӰͬʱʧѪɫǹͷ֪ʱһָֻץС
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һ˦һӿ
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ԲȻһ֮£ѪʢһʧĴȻ˸ס
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ʦһ֮ʵ˵ãĳ̾硣ʿһȭ󣬱Ѫǹת̨ȥ
ƽ͵˵áһеջطɽͬʱĿ»ɨ
߽׿ʤ
Զ̨֮ϵķտۣĸȻȻˣ޷λǿߵС
ʲô·Ҳǻн󸱻ǿ֮һ
ҿӦδʹȫԵʰɡ
֪ʲôԭͶǼΪѲ֮Խսϡƽˡ
ԭˡ
һЩЩĹսߣȴ۷׷һһʱ䵹Ҳٸ̨սˡ
ͬʱһߵ̨ϡ
춯صһ죡
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Ľɢʯɢһ۴󺺳ڴԣһɫƲľޱɱŻơ
˲֪ʲôʹαԭȵıСһƤһƬӲޱȣͶ֮䶼Ī
ֻÿһȭȴδ֪һ㣬ǰܿغ󣬴ԾڷһЩ֧֮С
뿪޿ӲԶĵطһӰһֿ֣ӹ۾޺һԪ
ֻǳ󺺺ٺһЦȻͺһֱۼⱩͣкڹŴһɨȥ
ɲǼ䣬ƿһ죡
ƬڹӰûκ˵Ĵϯȥ
۴󺺾ϮɫȻһģһ̣˷ӰʹХı㳯Լ
Ӱδҵһξ͸ܣʹܿһ
޺һ̹һһ㻤ȻֶֻһͬʱһȻߴ˴ֵб˳ȥײ̨Ļϡ
һҽк󣬻Ȼ䱬Ѷͬʱֱһʹ֮£Ҳһ֮ɢӲʯƤѪ˿·©һ㣬Ƭָ̼ƽС˵Ҳ޷վ
ѾȻˡ۴֪޷ˣĵЦһ˵
߽׿䳤ԪʤԶִտ

״ˣֻΪʵҲСһҺ׼˵ȺŹ֣˴ѡѾнˡһµķڷտԣĿһ˿Ц⣬Ц
տδֱӻֻ΢΢˵ͷ
һߵλڵӣ˵һĿһ˿м֮⡣
Ԫˣһ̻һʹý൱һʱ䣬ٸ̨
ֱһʱ쵽֮ʱв֮սǱ׻ܡ
Сʱ֮˸̨ս
ãܺãû뵽λĵѣز¶һΣ˵ĶĶȡʤɣʱλˡտĿɨһȫΣһЦĶ˳
ˣҵȶᾡġ̨֮ϳһȭЦ˵
ԪҲһ̨֮Ͽ˼䡣
λ̫ǫˣȶĶʤ󣬱ᶨġ
տһЦ˵ţͬʱһֵʾֳྲִڣĳʽ˴δμӶĶ˷ֱΪعӣԼԪλ䡣
䣬ʱһЩԪƽؽõĿ䣬׷ء
֣֣ϲϲ㿴ǰˣЩȻ
˷Ҳμ˱ȶϧֻʤһ㱻Һڵ۴󺺴ˡ
˼ѳ䶨ں̸󣬾ͰݱտĽ뿪ˡ
ϣλڽʱúϢȫսºĶĶڴڼ䣬ʲôҪĳģֻ˵ǣһȫտ˿ض˸̨ߣˬʵĳŵ
ҵһ᲻
ȻڳлúҲ뿪С


451 ڶöˮ
տֳ˶ȥһֵķųһɫۣطȥ
ƿһ죬ʢ֮ڿն㵺ȥ
˴̨ѡУǶ˾ѹˣرһޣʵЩϣ֪ӶԴô۴Уտδ̸ǰıȶѯһԵصĿ
ǰ˴˴ܹ֮ɵȡʤʵǿΪʵ̫ѣҪǻҵĻʮУǹԹˡԣΪȻ˵
ǵȻЩ£ܺᲢˣϾ˴ζĶǵˡտΪȻ˵
˱Ȼףڲδչȫʵ£Ȼ޷÷տǱ̫ˣʶѺˡ
ǰģԸˣһҲڻ¡һ˵ţһ߲ĿŷɣһȻģ
״ˣεĶĶʦȻû⡣䵹Ҳֵôһɡɼ״ǹά˺һһתᵽԪƺĸȤӡ
šտԣ˼˵

ԼĶĶһ֮ڽԪ˱ڶ֮רͬʱʱɢγڲж
һգϥϢȻʲôּ̧ں󣬺Ȼһվ򶴸ȥ
ѵԼˡ
һ·ڿնУûжú󣬱ٴγ˻涴ʯǰ
ȻοŵͬǰƤڵŮӣҲǻ֮Ůˡ
ǰǰǰѾɣҸǰǰѷԸң⼸ǰǰֱȥȡɡŮһ˵漴һӡÿ˴š
Ǳ鷳ƹˡȻƳɹ΢΢һϲ֮£˵ͷҲ˽ȥŮӵĴ½붴һʯ֮С
ŮָָһʯϵĽɫУڵǰҸΪƵ档
ͷ̧һץоͱһ㵽Уһ
ֻзһĴָСĺɫԲ飬澧Ө͸˿˿Ƹ֣Ȼһöˮμǰһ޶ӣֻɢ֮ʢֵӡ
һ֮£ָɫԲУ΢һ󣬷ִöˮҲʮؽƵƷʱϲɫ޵ƵѹȻֶΣǳʢʦ
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Сʱѷɳ⣬һ㵺һɽ¡
θһվһƵˮһȡָһˮԤϰԲ
˵ĿʼעУɫԲâ𣬲Ũ
ȥ
ͺһһ֮£ӿ֮£ѱޱȵԲ飬ȻֶʮһСɽͷһҶȥ
䡱һ죬һɳʯ
ɽȻһֱɵĴӣʯĽ޿ΧʯҲ׷׹Ӷ
˿̵ıʩչδˮ飬֮Ȼͬˡ
̧һץһźӴ֮һɶһ»ΪԲ飬һһȡһźڝԲ飬ע֮£˫һ꣬ˮ龹ںһ
֮Իˮ飬ǱΪˮΪ⣬ںϷˡ
üͷһһˮ飬ХһļһСɽͷݺȥ
¡¡һضɽҡ촫
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ٻԲ󣬵һ󣬶ʱһΪˣСĵ
ٴξôһһƵԼȥ
һµʱת˲š
ڼ䣬ֻڶڶѰγɾڶöˮ飬ҲѾһ
֮һƧ֮ٴϺˮһֵƻѾȼƷȻʮ⡣

ϽΧ˽紦һͨĵϡ
˵㵺֮һСмһɽռݣûཨеֻǵļɽЩ¾ɵľʷݣХУЩҡҡ׹֮С
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ӰӻһõͼյĿһ󣬺ȻһЦֱ۽һֱûʯ֮УһպкȻһȭͷСĴʯ͸ӨʣһƷ
ȻƷʯܹĵĿԵȷܴ󣬹ֲΪ֮ˡૼֱϹϼһҪ
ʱӰȴһ̾Ϣ
ǰ˳һһתȻǰƾնһӰǰ֮˺󣬵һʧڡ

ӰȻǷտ
ͷ¶ˣͷ϶ñҲκ£еǳһ䣡
ֻ˿̣֮ɫ
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˵أʴǶ˲˾ȻͬʱңһˣһȴڵĹտޱ飬Ļص
Ȼ㶼֪αٶ˵Щϻ˵ҵԶռģҶҲΪһҶѡǺʱ֪ڵģɫһһ
ڣΪĺ֪顣ʵǰĳѾ֪˿ˣֻǵʱɵ̫࣬ҿɺ͸¶ַȥȴû뵽Ǳ˷ֱ֣ӳַңұѣҲ֪¸޷ϺԶ½ݱһʱͷտŲæĻص
˵ǷҲ⣬ĳտɲ֪顣ЦһĻص
ߣǰұѻֻһֱδܲվźˣɱ֡տɫȻһ˵
ŶֱնɱˣͲġ˵ŻȴȻһ顱һһâͬʱһѽóһö˲飬ƹһֱû²Ӱ


452 
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СӲƴС۾쳣沼һ֮Ľɫƣ
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ˡһ
һڣϸСĽɫĴиֶ֯һƬɫϼڷտһָ֮£һŵû֮¡
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һ̣΢֮Ŀռ䲨һһһ档
ֱһҲ޷ֺͬʱڷҲһ޷߶һǰ㡣
ӣһʧڡ
ʱϷڵķտּ
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տʶһɨأȷѾĲˣŲŲæСӡ
ߣڶѣĶעкοɵĵġտ˼䣬ת뿪˴˵ء

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ھǰĿյϣ˿վӰ
Ϊ֮һߣۣǽվһ׷ͯյĽߣȴǵսĽ˸ϴһͬǰսһλݵӣվһ
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ٺ٣ڵӼ룬ȥ롣ֻСͽʶһˡ˸ÿɷĻص
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شڵĴĿ֮һЩʵĻɽڣΧ¶ȴδǰ;ɽϷʱȣһЩɳʯ䣬Ȼ͸˿˿ɫˮΪ˵һ֮С
Ŀһգɫƽɨһۡ
Ļǿ߲˵һվҲһɲŭơ
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ϣĸеһ˿ΣյϢûв´ĻӦþǴеĽӣҲǶԷζĶ̡
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Ǽ䣬Ŀие΢΢һȣһݣ̹ȻĿȥϢһЦƿߡ
ˣһ˿ɫ
һʱһҰɫɳ֮УͣȺ󣬴ӳϻŮӣΪһ޸ˣǵڽ̸òˡ
ʱɫɴϲһȸģת䣬Ե÷֡
Ůӣǰɫɴ棬һ˼ѩϸۣü͸¶һ֮ɫһȣһ˫峺ĴȴԼ͸¶һ˿ɷ
ӭФӴݡŮæӭǰȥ˫һһ
۵˻û𣿡òٸ̧¿˿ֲԶֻгˣһ䡣
ǺǣƶФӶȡһԶд
䣬һɫŴ߼󣬱Ͽգ¡
µһƮһɷ֮С
Ϊ׵һɫľȻʿ˶غһУɫűһʧˣͬʱһƶаƷڣһ֪ѵõı
ʿվλˣϢҺߣһҲ۵ĵմӡ
ʯ֣òû뵽˷ǰտһʿȴɫһϲæӭȥƺʹ˵ʿǾʶ
ԭʯѣ겻Ϊˡ˴۽ɳԴ˴ζĶȷΪˡФһʯյˣüһȱЦЦ˵
ФӶϴݹ٣ƶк֮¡ҿͽ˵ƺѾ룬ǶĶͿʼɡʿȳտͷľȻĳص
ФһȴûгԷԵ˼
ڴʱ֮кȻһ˻
˶Ϊ֮һ
Ѱ̧ȥֻԶߣȻһֻ޴ݺХ
ɳ鲼ɫëͷѪɫڣ˫ٻӶ磬ԼԼվʮˡ
ڡһݣѿڶ
տ˫ĿҲ˲΢
䣬޴һҷ۷
ȴǳɫеɫ͸ʯ
Ф˺ʯյʿˣɫһ


453 ǩ
ݷɵϿպһӥӵӣƮȻ¡
źͬҲ콵˵ϣ۵ͬ¡
ӵŮɫۣһñ㣬̬ԵʮºͣǵСϽߵŮᡣ
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֪˭ʧһ䡣
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Фӣƶ˴ǰ˵˺ͳҾ˽¶ĶĪҲǴƬ֮һȻ漰˴»֣ƶΪҲӦʸμⳡĶġŮ΢΢һЦ˵
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461 նսϣ
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ȣӰȥ٣ҲֻǼ֮Եѡˣ֣ѾˣǷ˵ţһתһתһԵԪ
лҲ̫˿ѾˡԪ΢΢һʶĻص
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ֹ˴ԼСʱ󣬷ɲ˸ǣ뿪˶ߡ

ҹϥܽ״ָ̬ѣΪһս׼
İ֮أȻȫ붨һĶ֮ͬʱųǿľһߵϢһʱעŶܵ
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ˣһĶԿʼˡŮһ
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󣬴Ůܷܷһ֮£ǰγĽɫвһ׶ͷϷת
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ܺãλѣλʩǣ̫ŵһЩ飬ϣλرһʦ̫ԣ˵ͷɫĶ˵
һ⻰Ѧɫصĵ˵ͷתߡ
˼Σһ仰Ҷʣ׷ڿնߣԶԶıܿˡ
ֻԪ֮ʱЩĵĿ⿴ۣεķȥ
Ůȴ֪뵽ʲôǰɫȴֳһ˿Īĺ֮ɫ


464 Ĵ̫
ѾԶʦ̫һչ˫䣬һɢŵɫâķ˲һչΧʮɷΧȫڡ
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ʱ󣬴һտȴ߳Ԫˡ
˸˲ԶһΪľƫ֮С
װμΪţſһ֬۵Ůӡ
ǵջмԺʦ̫
ǰԺƬ̣ĳȥȡΪлɱءտǰĳŮ˵
Ůĵ˵ͷĿ
տԸŮΪŮ󣬱תԪƫȥ
˾һȣһСǰŶͨһܵ˰յ蹤󣬳һ֮ǰ
ⱦܵ󷽣˿صӣʧԪЩɻ󣬿ʵ
֪ⱦһλһΪ̵ӲᴥƣеġտһЦĻص
һģһССľӨʯУһĽʯһ֮С
һûʯ֮У
Ȼʼ񶯣֣䡱
Ĺ󣬱ĴŻ򿪡
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˷һ̤뱦⣬žеĹرնϡ
䲻ҲмʮɿһɫǽֳÿڶһŴӣжѷŴСһɫС
һ㣬ⳤᱦ֮ھİ֮ࡣ
λؿѡʺ޵һЩǸ򡣡տ˶ɫһֵ֪ӣɫǽΧָһָ˵
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˺ףǧɫƶɣ̺һʮؽƣһƷտ˿Ԫ֮ڽ͵
ԪԵ˵ͷƺջطָСĴŻ֮вŻԭֿʼѡ
˷ǰĿģΪ֮ҪѰǡ񡱡
һɨ֮£Ŀͣ˱һʹǽС
һŷ̲һİɫС
һ֮£ߵ˴ǰһУһֻУһһʴĿâ
âʧͷһһɫʯʯӨ͸ڹ¾ɢɫ
δʣļУڵʱȻֺһر鲼ɫƵ
дϲ֪ȴ˿ɫδ¶ĺ˸ӣŻԭ
ԼСʱ󣬵ѡ󣬲ſĻص򣬽װĺС
ֻлصſʱԪտ̸ʲô£һֻɫС
ôãҵЩʲôԪٺһЦʵ
ûҵʲôʵ˼ƲĲϣ׼½Ȼἰʲôһ󺬺˵
ԪҲʣһװźɫҩ衣
ѡöɷ裬˵˵ʣнᴿĹЧ޽״档˷ȥұ׼ʼչأˡԪһ㣬ЦŶ˵
һԵķտֻ΢˿еУͷ˵
ȻλѶѡϣǱ߰ɡտ˵գŶ뿪˱⡣

һƫڣʦ̫ڱĿȴδ֡
űƿǷտԪٴλص˴˴
˴ȻѾ˽ᣬƶˡŮӶʱ˫Ŀվĵ˵


465 
ǣɫ˵ţתտԪ
ĳڳᣬɷչˣڴлˡտһ֣
䲻ؿΪ˲ŶԡȻ̫ԨԴǰȥ˵ҲһԵĳͲˡտ΢΢һЦ
ִ˴ǰȥ½·;ңԶ´ټҲ֪ʱౣءԪ֣ص˵
ֶౣأǡһȭ
˵䣬Ůߵſڣһӣƿһ죬˱ƶȥ

һºϺĳСϣһΪصɽС
˴ƣľȻһ˼֮ݴҲϺĳһڵһء
ɽһСͷһߵʯһɫƵľʯǰվһˡ
ǰˣһ°ɮۣŮӣһͷ߹ڣɫ۵ڽ̸š
ʮһŮȻˡ
ƶ˷Ҫ͹ʹ⴫ˡŮʩһ񣬿˵
ѣغĳԺҵԨԴ֮ǰҶڱн֮Լսʹ⴫֮󣬾֮͡¶ЦĴ
˵ЦˣϹŴ󣬿ҪѹڲƷռ侧ʯƶٴлŮ԰һĳл
Ҳ΢Цһ񣬴һƣ΢΢һΡ
ۡһ
һмһŵûʯ֮С
ʯƿº󣬱ں¡¡л򿪣Լɼһڵĳȡ
˴ֹĶ࣬λС߲˴ֹɾ鷳ˡӶһ䣬˫һһ׹ʯڳ
лǰѡ
ԣæͷȥ
˷һ룬ʯŵһйϣָ
߹һбʮɳȺǰһ¿
ǰȻһĶСǽϿһЩ޷ķţһЩڲõĽơ
һһɴСķ󣬷ƣһЩֵϹ֣ۣӦǷŸ߽׾ʯá
λ롣ʾУȡöӨĺɫʯһһ뷨֮ܰ
֮ⷨʱЩ˾Է⡣Ůˡ
һݣȻͷǡ
ӷ꾧ʯֵ֮һȡһ̣Ѹٵ滮º󣬶ʱֶڹϷ
󷢳˵һɾ޴鲨Ŀâ
ʶı˫ĿƴļоֻΧһǿۼŻһȣǰһģȻڷ֮ʧˡ
Ƭ֮һͷĿѣ˫ۺ󣬷Լһ֮УŮӼվԡ
ΪɻɫʯɣʮʯǶ΢΢ıʯյͨ͸
˿ĴУȴǽڳڴһϣһͷ׷Ĳɮˡ
ɮһۣ˫ĿգзﲻͣŪһ̴ľ顣
޷Ӧ˿ķڣвЩȻ
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꼸ԶȥӻɫԺǽڣӻҰɫʯżС
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߳ţ̲סһۺ󣬾Ϳϵһľϣдš¡֡
֮⣬һƬһ޼ʵĻڵء
ʦ̫һ̧֣ųһֻǳɫֽףһ
ֽ׷һһ׹ӭԭֽתۼͻΪʮɴС䣬ͷڵľݡ
֮Ծֽ׺ʦ̫һƮƮֽͷŵһ
ֻֽһУ̻Ӷ򣬹һ쫷ĳĳƿշȥˡ

ºһʮɽ΢ɽϿգһֻֽһڿһɫƺۡ
Ϊ˿ܿһЩŻֵĳУֽһ·ϲûֱ߷УǺ˼ĻɽҰ֮С
ʶһ·ϣżԦ·ĵͽʿ⣬ûʲôˣҲûԭеʿȺӵΡ
Ȼʹ½Է˵ҲĴڣҲǱϵƽ˾Ҳ浤ǿߣԵС
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ʦ̫һͬ뿪ȥˮסա
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֮壬ѹͬͽΪ֮ˣԸ߽ǿʱȴΪʶҲǼ亱壬ȴȱ
֮壬ӱ֮ʮƣҷǳױΪǺߣʵȴֲ˼ЧӦԺԽӵ£ɱǿ֮ġ
壬½Ҳ֮ʦ̫ҲǴһϹŵ伮֮˽⵽ģǡ֪̫ĳһֹ޴ˣʺ塣
ڵ֪δʽˮκγº󣬾ֱŮҪ˹ҪҲ˳·һ̫ͬ¡
ŮȻдΪᣬҲ֪˵ѵõĻԵһ̸ҲʹӦǰ˴Ů
һͱʦ̫Ŷһͬˡ
һ·ϵദУȴʼδǰչֳµļ󣬲ֳ䲻ȵӡ
ȻֻЦˡ

ºһƬ̵ĻĮ֮УһŮͽǰš
ǰɳĮһƬһ޼ʵĻɫһ㣬£⣬ʱһϮһյĻɫɳ
Ƭ̺ɳĳЩϹŷӡԵʣ˷нƣҵȲаձɵһ;͹֮Ůǰ߱˽͵
⴦ڻĮ֮еĴͨηЩɻ󣬵ҲûʣںĬĬš
ŮӴ½һЩ


466 ɽ
½ԱӣΪڶ֮УĴ̫Ϊס̫űĴ̫֮һʷԨԴ˵׷ϹʱڣʤڵԺȵڷ֧ʮ֧֮ࡣ⣬ҲЩطһЩռݳӴߣ˵ֱĴ̫ڣСơŮӵ渵һȻ
̫Ȼĸ֮࣬һһЩĴ̫ڵ
ʵڴԤ֮ġ
ʱ󣬻ĮһߵĻҰɫɽԣŮȡһ̣һϵָζ˵
ͻȻһɫûɽ֮С
¡¡һ죬ɽΪ֮һ󣬸ֳһߵڡ
˸Ů붴ߣھһɳĵصһɭϽƺһ俴ƾɵʯ̨ǰ
ʯ̨ĴӡһɫСʹ󣬶мһĴָСİۣΧЩ
Ůʾ˶뷨кȡһöռ侧ʯһ밼֮С
һ׹һ漴ʧԭء
һ·УĳصĴͷ󣬲һ·µ£Ҳ㻨˰ʱ䣬ڽ½ĸأӽ˵̫űڵɽ

һգɽԶĸ߿УһֻֽףԶƿշж
ֽǰˣԼɼһ°ɮ۵ŮӱֱվĿᣬԶɽ
һһŮͬԶȺ
ǴϺ֮һ·ɽˮ˵ص塢ˡ
Ŀ֮ʮڶһһɽ壬߻ͣӲÿɽ϶Լ˿˿ɵ
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ֻǰһƬģȻعʱǰɫȻֽͬ˽뵽һƬ֮С
ĿһɨܾǱǰΪΰɽ壬ӭһ޴ɽɽȻһǧɸߵʯʯϿмӲԾɫ̫֡š
ʯӳڣɫ֣һׯ֮С
ʱ޷֮УȴͻȻɳֻɫӥվһǳɫģ꣬һֻǼĹɵֽǰסǵȥ·
֪λմ˵ǱɽˡǱԱδǰеġӥϣһʮĵ꣬Ŀһɨʦ̫󣬵΢΢˵
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ĿһĶ࿴˴ۡ
ƶ壬Ժִϡ˴δҪݼƷʦ֡˵գʦ̫һȡһöɫ壬ߵĵꡣ
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֪λǰɻƾ֤ڻͷһ򵥴˼ֿʵ
ʦ̫ǰ˽ҲգһЦз𣬲һһһڼԶ֮۳һƴķ룬д
ԭԺǰеˡ֣ʦǰǰȥƷ壬ڴ˼ѲߡһҲӥϵ˵
ֻʮ꣬ҲҺڵΪ
֣ǰӥȥױߵҽһݾӥǰ·ʦ̫΢΢˵ͷֽ׷һȺɽƿնߡ
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һ·ڴ󲿷ɽ嶼ƣʹֽɱҲֻԼڰпһЩ̨¥
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һ·Ŀɿڴʱһĳɽһɫĸ¥ǰ
¥ʮɸߣɽ¥ϷһľңȻдšԵĽ֣ܾľƣһζ
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ԭ޲Tǰ֣лˡ֪ԺǿʱǷܹԣһ˿ϲɫ˵Щʲô
ýͷҪһ漰ı¶Ҹ޷ҲֵġҾһγ֣ҲЩܵѾ˲٣һεĻͲò˯ˡ꣬ȴһ֣Ĵϵ


467 Ʒ
ԭˡȷЩˡؿռһμȡ׼ȷʱ䣬ǰ֪һҲǰЩ׼ԣȻΪʧЦһ󣬿глһ䡣
´μȡӦûһ⾰ڵķֻҪһЩԪ֮ӦҲܹˡ޲TԣĿκ󣬲ЩӲĻش
һʱ䣬ҪԪһݣЩʲôʱ޲TȴȻһ䡰ˡһ
ֻʶ䡱һǰһģٴ˫֮ʱȴֻصԼڷ֮ڡ
ʱˡ˾󣬾´߹ȥľŴ򿪡
һɫȻվ⡣
Ȼ澪֮ɫԥһº󣬻ǲöԷš
Ůڵĵһ仰ɫһ䡣
ѣǲǰʶ
ŴŮ¾׵ӣһʱ֪λش
֮ҲֻĬĬĿδ˵ڶ仰
ת˼Ƭ̺󣬻̾һĿڣͬʱΪѪԼ֮ʱ֮£ֱץס¶ʵ档
ⷬһɫ粻һ֮ɫ֮󣬸Ƕ˵ת뿪ˡ
ⷬٶȻЩͷԣ˼˺þãҲһá

ͬʱ̫ĳɽĴڡ
ʲôбǧǰʧٵشϢˣһʮİӣһ֮ɫ˵
ɫۣͷڣжڴ֮ϣаһ̝Բ顣
Ϣȷ١ҪԺѴϢ˭뵽شӾȻ䵽ƫƧһطдһСڡϣһʮģüĿĻͯӣ˵
˵ţͯӵһȡһö򣬵˹ȥ
ʿֽӹ漴ͷһʶ͸ȥϸ鿴
ǻͯӼˣн˵ţ¬ʦ֣ѾϸĹھǧǰشӣΪִĳ߽񣬽о˿ռ籩֮УӴ˲֪١Ϊڵһ˿֮ʱһֱδϨҲδִȥֱֹ֮꣬ʧʽȡشӵݣӶϵġ
ͯ˵̾ϢһΪشӵʱ͵ʱڶܺشǰ˳ԭܳΪҵʦ壬ܽ޵ġ
ʦܣȻûͨǾ˵Եſûʲô硣Ϣճ˵ֻҪ֪ͨһУһˣ´»Щʲôôĸϵɡӿ˿е򣬻˵
ʦֹȻᵽ֮ԻᷢڵӵݣʵΪ˱ŵڤŹ涨˹ֻбŵӲʽġҾѵѯʣСһƺ̫ͯ˵ɫ
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ʦ꣬Ҿȥʦһͯӵͷ
ڶһ磬ո˷ÿͣһһµӣŶʮͷϢʮ񣬺ȻҺڵӡ
ˣ΢΢һݡ
ԭΪͣҺƴ½ѾǺʹˣԴ̫ǰһգЩԽѵȻ޴ˡ
䵭΢˵󣬵һηۣڿնȥ
ʱ˱˲Զĸߴɽϡ
Ʒ֮ߣӰɽܿһϵİɫȥɽ䣬дУһѵõɽء
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ĬĬһУ˿ɫδ¶Щ߿һۡ
ʱӴ߽м
λѽ깧ĶŵеĶһ񣬹˵
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ãȥɡϵİӻ˻֣һ񣬹˳ȥ
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һ̫ŵ·ϣʦ̫Ҳ˵һЩй̫ŵ飬ӺԱߵͯӾȻһǿ϶浤ǿߣںڴڣ˵̫еλȨ֮ˡ
ǣλǰæ˵
Ҳû飬ֻ˵һΣй֮£˵ϸһЩͯӼϻ̳ϿֵģЦĵ
תµ˵ͼ޷Ǿǲôʦ̫ĻҪ˵һΣȻҲĳܿ˵α
ˣȻݼ챮һ뵽޲TڣԶѶʦ̫ԵĻ˵һ顣
һţһ߶豭΢΢һڲˮһֻȴһתиֳһĴָСİɫԲ飬תŵΡ
ʼ˵һУԲϹοʼת
ڵĿռУ޲Tϥ֮УһеĻ챮̾˿һ
ֻ麣֮У챮΢΢һ㰲Ųɵİ˿
ĵԲ飬תĹһֱûз仯±ĵ˵ͷͯӴʵȷĴˣҺڣӦ㲻ġ
ʦ˼ȻѾѧ̫ʲҴƷһŵӡϾŵĵӣҲǿǰӣЩȥҲδɡͯӰͷص
ѱϣͯ΢΢һЦԭȻĴˣҲЩԵʹ˼̫ţ迴Ρ
ǣƾλšһϲܼ̫Ȼ֮ãһҪʣһֻӲͷƤص


468 ŵ
ͯ΢΢ͷִһһɫϼ˲佫ȫУͬʱһһȫתһȦ
ֻ֮ڵÿһطƺһ㡣
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һ麣֮пݴ֮أûа浤ǿǷܹӦͯӷ֡
һ̣麣תһȦ󣬱ܿ˳ƺûие챮Ĵڡ
ȡ
ͯӿһۣ΢΢ҡͷ԰ӴʼȻֻȽϼͣҲʲôһ࣬Ҳ֪ôҺڵģǷôҩԵʡ
ˣҩҲǰ˾ҲӦûжǱˣǾͲֵһѴʱ侫ȥˡҴƷŵв٣ŷԴɲɡԣ΢Щź
ʦǣ⣬麣̫֮ѵĺۼԺҲ޳̫ˡͯӼ˵
ȻˣǾͰѴϱ̫űڵִǾϾˡ䵭Ļص
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ִһ˵ôһλȻȴ𸴡
ѡڶ֡
󣬼Ǻԥѡ˵ڶ֡
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⣬ϳ˵޷صǰ̫һ㣬Ѿ޷ͨĽ֮ˡ
ҪһǣڵݣһȡһǴ˿̱ȥڤҲ͵̡
νһ̫幱׵㣬Ҳֻһһˣοǰڻ壬ӦòرѲǣҲֻ㰲οԼ
Ե˵ͷȻѡ֮У±ִĵȻѡԵ⣬ǱٴӣҪڤʶִΪŵӣŲԣܱơ
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ڣŵӲһЩڵĵӣһɹͽΪŵˣҺ߲ڣƴ½Ҳǿʱмʵ
Ȼͨһ·ľ֪ƴ½ƫԶԴʵ½˺ֹǧٱ
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ӽƵݸַԸ˼󣬱ƮȻȥ
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ǵġ˫Ŀ΢΢ͷӦȴЩã͸֮ɫ


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£ʦʶˡѨҲǱأԹ°빦֮ЧݲͬѨĵĹ׵ҲǲͬģŵӿԴۣŵۣشۣڵͨӣȫ֧׵ˡ⣬ѨݵȼɷΪŵȣҪĵĹ׵Ҳͬ׵һѨʹһʱҪĵĹ׵ҲҪơ˵Ѩֹϡ٣ͬʱҲһܹģƵƾ֮ŨΪ̱֮ġԬٵҲΪĵһ˵˲٣һͷ
ʦҺڵӵĻһߵѨΪʺˣȽǿΪͬ׵ӿɱȵĻôѨһԡԬʶһɨЦ
ԭˣлԬʦָ㡣΢΢һЦÿɷĵ˵ͷгл
ƣԼҺΪһ㻯ڶ޷ܵǿǣӦÿԳĵѨ
Ļ̫һЩҼʹĵѨĹ׵㣬ҲľˣҲʱܳġ
һÿٹ׵ѨΪʺˡ
мƶ¹׵㲻㣬ȥ
ڴʱһɷ߽
Ԭһˣ˵һ󣬾Ϊӭȥڳơʦ֡
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꿴Լ£ΪҲҺң̬ȣȻ֮ˡ
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һݣһ󣬲ŵ֪̫ŵĹأԺһСȣʮһȡرǺеǰʮԻȡԴ͹׵㣬ǵıȶиǰȥۿܱ⿴УٶȻͿɳΪŵӵġ
ҲŵӳΪŵݵķ
λʦʵˣѾһСȶ뵽ǰʮ֮ˣȻһӴΪͬġ
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һСȣʮһȣƺҲͷĺûᡣ
ȻʲУڱǰéĻ˵ܴɽŵӵġ
һж˵̫һЩ
޳ڤڶ㣬ŽҺڣӦݵķȡ󣬲ܿЩġ
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ЩͨҲŵӣͨӾӶ࣬ŵȴһûƼ
½ŵĵӣǵһ֪ڣÿﶼ𣿡֮£򸽽һѯ
Էһͨӣ룬ȥ곤١
ʦܰ˿ƽտûôˣʵмڳǰųЩ˵⼸ջϷų񣬹ʶŻͨǰġӼŵӣȻʮֿĻش
̧ͷһ۵ǿ赣淺һ㵭İâ渡Ӳӵġ񡱶֣ϡϡдŲӦĽλȴǿտҲЩ˽ߵԭλá
˿ЩΧŵĵӴĿתĶϵȴûʲôȥе
ҵԺ˵ͨ˵һЩΣС񣬹׵㻹пɵȻٺʲһЩ׵ĶѶȵЩҲһЩʶͬһȥƽֹ׵㡣ˣʦûȤҵӣʱһʦʧġӵĽ͵ָָһ⼸ͨӡ
Ǽ˼ŵӣҲǷ׷׹ĳһ
ȻԾ̧ܾͷԹԵо
ϾĿǰʵȻδִ㡣
һִ˿µģȴһЩʯ͹׵㼫ٵˣǱȺ֮УȺ
һյ蹤һ׹תԭհ֮ʼֳһּ
쿴Ȼˣ
ϽЩ񡣡
ʦ֣׽Σ
ڰâ֮вϳ֣ΧۼĵǶʱһеϸ³еĺѵӡ
ģѾóƶŰĳһζϵͶһ⣬Щ˵֮ϡ
һСṤϵѱȥС֮ࡣ
ûЩǰ˷ܣŲæһһ鿴Щ
һüͷ
ϵ񱨳ʯŹ׵㣬ʯ񻹺˵߶Դ˶Ϊ󷽣һʯġ
֮ȣ׵ȴ֮٣ҷߴ󶼼Ϊģ򲻹ʮ㣬Ҳʮӡ
ټ֮ոձЩһʣµĹ׵޼ˡ
ЩΣճ̶ȣȴҪ͵ö࣬Щɱͨռˣɼԭϣʵȷʱ񣬹ҲǷ˷ʱЩͽ׵Ǵˡ
ˣдΪƣָеЩ֡


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Ŀһת£赸վ˼ִµӷ֮ˣʱǰѯʲôȻٽȥ
һٵƬ̣Ⱥʼϡʱһյ˹ȥ
λʦˣʦЩ⣬Ҫһһֵǰһֵʵ
˿ʮͷ֮ɫ˫Ŀ쳣Ȼһ֮ˡ
Ŷԭŵʦܣ¾ȥʡǰͨΧѯʣֳһ˿ͷ֮ɫһŵӵķκȴ̻һ顣
½ŲãͷһЩɻʦָһ΢΢һЦʵ
޷µʱҲˣʦʲô׵ĵطܵʯ˿ûеĴӦ
˵ҲΪˬ죬Ѹոյɻ˳ȥ
ŶԭʦܣйҵİڲһڰҪΣյĶ࣬ұҲҪǹ׵Ϊ
ʦܼȻѾţӦҲˣ̫У׵ʯҪõĶ࣬ڰϵѶҲӦҪö࣬ΣաԴ˰һĵܹӴģֻŵӺʵǿŵӣʸȡԣɿĻش
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ʦܼȻոռţȽȡһЩҲãڰǵһĺá
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һ˼󣬻Ȼлʦѣϻмʵʦԣβſɽȡڰ񣿡
һȰ˵˼䡣
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΢в죬Եл󣬽ӹö˹ȥ
һƫ棬ǰȻһͨ
дһ飬ʱ¶һ׻ɫĶñɿĴϣȫڵʵʵ
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̫ŹȻһڱϢЧЩ֮õĶ࣬ǱǱ֮Ҳֵʯ˰ɡп֮࣬첽ͨ
ЩŵĵǣһڴǰĹ⻷֮УΪԼڲͬʵҲǸ̳ȳͷ֮Ż֪ԼǾ֮ܰˡ۽Ƴʧڣ΢΢ҡͷЦ
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ʿŵšгâ䡱һ˵ϡ


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׹֮УɫĸֶΧĴ·費һ֮֯£ʱγһ׹ķ
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һ֣Χ赵м˳߿һۣתͷȥȻܲ⡣
ˣδ⣬ԹԵߵȺ֮΢΢һɨĿͶǰڰϡ

ͬʱĳУһֺĻ۵Ӱһϣеһ̣ʷĴѾѶֻһɵͭõġ
֮ͭʾһӰǸոͿܼʿսһĻսֲ̲߽յ蹤򣬱ֳʤ
۵һɨڿʩչӰʱ΢΢һɵֱһ㡣
ŵĸȻȥڤֱ򣬲ӣڶ㶼δ½ŵˡ۵ͷ૵˵
ҡҡͷһͭϵͼʱһʧˡ
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˿ѽϵһһ飬ɫʱм
ȻΣյĶˣ󲿷˶зͬΪĹ׵ҲȻ֮Զɱȡ
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ԲεڻһҩʯҩʯһЧüѵҩģҲƼּƷҩҪ֮һ
˵εʵСȴҹλĻȺ
ҹλ½ϵһ컨ͨʪĻУγһƬͬʱɢһ־綾ͨһСһİĻ롣
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Ҳѧˣ̤һڣһ֮±һɽϡ
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½ϲ֪жɢ޺̫ųһǰĹϵҲкܶʿˣżһЩƷҲ˴۽磬øʿĽ
ڸ֮󣬲û̽뷻УѰ˸һƧ֮ϵ̫ŵӷΣһѰɫһͨһ㣬Ƶ˽ȥ
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ӺһȻĴ˳һɽͼܿڿ뿪˷Уһ˽ɽ֮С


475 ѩצ֩
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⼸ͷ֩ѩ׼צ;˼󣬾ͽһնٷųѨһɨȷѾû֩Ϣ󣬾һĽ档
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һ˼󣬵ڷڲһ׷һЩҩóʯʼĻָԪ
պȻ˫ĿԾѻָĲˣһȡǷݺɽͼϸо
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ٺ٣ֻ̫ŵӰˣǽǶɱ⣬̫ŵЩϹҲġһֱң񣡿ɽ֣ڴȫ䣬˭֪ΪƴĻǾ͸òˡͷצ飬Ƿдеª٪һЦĿ¶׹˵
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ֶ游һ֮ʱἰйؽ֮飿ߣǷƵĴšĿ֮һ׷˽֮һ¡
бһɫ˿δ̷ϵʦδἰ¡
ĻشĿһת£Ҳû׷ȥֻǼɫѯһЩ֪¼
ʱ֮󣬱շƽɽȡ

ƶǸѾˣ˼ǽϵĻշƷһ̤ݣ㿪ʵ
ĸҽͳɽȣȷߺҲŻġշƹĻص
ĸʱԣ游ʧǰ뿪ʱѾʼ̫ˣΪߵĲǽ֮Եʱȷʾ˽֮Ϊ׼ģԼʹõġȻ游һ˿游ֽڤ̫ţ᲻ἰ⽣֮Ҫ֮¡üͷһ壬ɫЩص˵
ĸҷŹ۲ʦܻش֮ʱɫƽӦòѵӡշü΢Ļش
Ϊֵ̫ƽŸɡƶҪ跨Ӵһܷһ׳ǽ֮䡣긾Ů΢΢
ǣƶ֪ˡշԣһڴӦ

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ǰĶԻ֮УȻҲԼĻɣڴ֮£ȻҲ޷Щʲôġ
˼ţƺͻȻ뵽ʲôһ䣬תĳƿնȥ
ԼһյĹһλĳɽ֮ϵĻҰɫ⡣
ûжɰɴСӣͨһҰʯͷɡ
µ
ŵϱ߹ŵңһ䡣
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һ£˽ȥ
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Ůӵд˵е֮壬Ļ֮䣬ò˴ɡ׳ͬ˻һ㣬æļ
֮壿
׳˵ĸʱⲽڵбһ㶡
Է˵Ůˣֻδ뵽Ů԰翷壬׵ĳΪŵӡ
лʦѣλʦû֮壬ݣҲұˡʱҡҡͷЦĻص
Щ죬ɫ䣬ԹԵһҩһִµӡ
Ƭ̹߳µԭʣǧ๱׵ȫ˿ҺΪĸֵҩˣŴеļСƿĵ˵ͷзһºһȥˡ
ڻص֮׼󣬵ڶſڹл͵ƣתר

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շÿʮ¶䶴ſοлƺ󣬾ͽ²һˣÿȻǰ˶飬ԴȻǺ֪
һգ֮УϥƲŨޱȡ
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ŶߵĲ£κȻǰ˲١
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һС˱ͬʱθ˼֣ʼ߲
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˫Ŀ˸£˫Ȼһ֣ٴ𣬲ڰһٴλΪźû֮вӰ


484 
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ȻԼڤڶѳɣΪͻҺڣȻôһӡ
˺գδ뿪Ǽ֮ȹ̸ɵڤڶ㣬Ѱͻƿ֮
ר֮ʱ֮еȴͻȻͣ
һĽ֮ȡעЩ֮һŴдһ䵭ĴѶյѶϢŵӣٵƮԺС
䲻֪˷żټǰȥν£ȻһˣʲôҪҪ
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Сʱ֮ƮԺ֮УʱĴڣʮŵһá
ЩŵӿʮᣬСֻʮ꣬Ҳжʮ߰˵ӣɢϢΪҺڵڶеӡ
˽ģҲĴֹģϥĿ
ǰձʱĸԺսֶ֮ԣ˿ûУ֪Щʲô
ˣԹԵߵȺ֮УһյأͬϥأȺ
ȥʱʮŵ½½Ĵ˷ĬĬļ뵽Ⱥ֮С
ʱڵĵʮ֮࣬ڸԺս貢δֻüȥ
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һȻԶԶľ͵ͷʾ⡣
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Ժ
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ԣһĿһɨΧŵӣֳͬȻ֮ɫ⣬һƽ֮ɫȻ֪µӡ
ѩƶˣҲɫȻ֮Ҳǳš
һ쳣ߴԼɸߣ˫Ŀͫ׳ʵɫƲͨ꣬ȴע⣬ۡ
ȴƺʶޱȣ˲ת׳ҲһۣĿһӺȴµһŲ
⵹΢΢һݡ
ϸҲ˵ˣʱ˻͸λ˵⣬˷ŵ֮أ㶨С׽ˡΪ㣬߸μСȵģ˳Եȵһٲμӡ˶ٺֿ˵
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˵꣬ʾ˿뿪Լһתȥ
Ժսæȥ
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һԵѩƴŮҲһ
֣С׽磬ǰδ˵ֿ֪ɷͽһżɽֱʵ
ֶ֮ºС׽粢֪飿ŶԺ۵һδѡΣֱִƼ뱾ԺĵӣĪǾ֣ԣһ漴ЩȻ
ƮԺûеڶִƼ֮˵ĻӦþĳˡԣɫƽĻص
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ԭˡ˼ĵ˵ͷ
С׽̫Űǰ·ֵһ޴ؾ澹Ȼ̺ŨĻԪһЩԡԼֲҲǻԣʵв翴ϡޱȵġǰ漸ѡ˵Ϊ֮صĽӣʵõ˲ٵĺôԹ֮ˣǳȻЩȻǲߣȴ;о˵Ĳݻ侫˸ǾѵϣܽһͷĻֵͬġɫһļ˵
ᵽ顱һʱһɵĻڻȵǳضսʱĶĶʹνľɺɫ飬Ȼܣ֮ռµġ
лʦ档ˣҼվһߴͬšʦֿ֪˵Ҽ˫Ŀϣƺҵͨ塣лһ󣬺Ȼʲôֿʵ
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ѪԣЩˡ
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485 С׽
ЩȻ
ԭǰڲ׺֮Щ;ȣȻҲ壬Ҳĳһ֧ںʵ壬ϵ塣
һĺѪ˳Ϊ̫ŵӣҲǴԭġ
ʱ䣬δͶ˶̸ཻʲôֻ˵˼󣬾͸뿪ˡ
ǰչڤߵĵҩͷĵĲˣΪ֮Ҫȥڷһˡ

պƮԺĴ֮У½ԸμĵǶѾۼڴˡ
ЩУеԾԾԵӣƺԽʮ㣬ʱ̸֮ЦţҲеɫأԿǽŵӡ
Ҳ˴֮У˿վȺ֮УԵѩƶĽ̸ţһЩйС׽һЩ鱨
ڴ˿̣ڲһȵĽŲһԺأȲ˳Ŀֳһɨ
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ˣʱˣû֮˱Ȩ߰ɡҲϻһӣһƬɫӿһڵӾ档
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ִһ˺һǣ޴漴һĽС
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ܻ޽˰һ޶ĸ̨ռ˷İ˸򣬲Χм䡣
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ĿڸԺתһȦܿ챻վڴ뷨ǰע⡣
⼸ˣӦñԺԺˡ
һƮԺһŵĸ̨ȥһߴ
⼸У뷨һݿ£˫ĿݵĻüߣһ£毺õ޸ˣԼһɫüĿӣЩĮȻһӡ
վ뷨Զ˵ʲôŴס
ʿӣһֻʮңһɫۣбһںںľһȴϽƳ봹أһ۰׶٣Щ̱
׼ҴһŮеİ֣ʮӣһԲñһִ̼磬һľ̡
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̫Ű˴Ժ˴֮ԭʱоرŵӼĴȽֱӾ˼ԺеߵͣиݸԺصԴ
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·˶ʱеһ֮ӭһѹһЩΪĵӣŵš̵˼ȥкȻѡ
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486 ѻ
С׽ĿռԪȽ⣬ʶΪ޷˽磬ЩǿʵҺڡ̫ȻƵӻྺв֮ɱɿɾ͹ܲˡһΣգõһʱһ̨ϵĽغĽӹͷ˵
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ŷâת̨ܸŵӾܸе͸һһų֮˻ѹ
صȰλԺǰƣٴһֱ۵ĺɫ׷û·֮С
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һһŵӽ뷨֮Уһ£һģıϷĺɫ֮ͨУʧӰ
ܿ죬ŸƮԺҲһͬ˷֮УһǡǸв塣

;תǰһģٴ˫ĿȻԼһƬɫ֮С
һͬͽľ˾︽Ū󶼺Ĵľ
С׽磬㣬һƬȵ磡
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ſйϾ۶Ӧһ˿֮С
ñ˵ŵӣɫһķͳһŷĴϡ
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΢΢һɣһ£ҲγһϣҲ˲⡣
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С׽лȷǳ˶һжӦðȫĶࡣҷ˴Ҳûй涨˱Եá̵õһӵͬ͵
ʣ༸ԣһʱ
֣ǿЦ֮Ҫְ֣ɣĳͲˣ
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ӼˣɫʱһЩѿ
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ҲһЦƮȻ뿪
ܹ̫Ժĵӣһʹˣĸ֮һж󶼸Լʵ
Ƭֻ̹˴˴˰ӺǸ⣬һͨŮӡ
пЦ񣬺˼̵ĽƻһҲܿ뿪ˡ

һɽУһ۵Ҳһ˶ǰС
һС׽ĵͼһ߻ţһϸȶŵͼϵĵΡ
С׽֮ӣԤ֮ϣ֮ǿᣬڸʱ˿£ʱ̻ʧš
ǰڤָһۺ˼֣ĶԶ˵΢΢ġ
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ǰߴʱһ󡰸¸¡ĹһƬƸֶԼкɫ
һĿйעȥϸȥ
źƷɽҲԽԽ󣬺ȻʮֻСĳѻЩɿ˫䣬ͣһ޺ɫ棬ͬʱһɳޱȵϢӰϮܵĿյЩŤ
ѻ
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⼸ҲĻЩ˼ȥռ˸С׽ϣ⻨˲ٹ׵ȥһеĲ
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˽Ϊ˴˴ŷйһƷˮ齣
¡ļ
ǰĻѻȻ쳣ۼ⣬Ȼֽм
кâһһ
һɫâ𣬲˲ǴΪһɾͽĵͷֻѻ
ѻ˻һ󣬵ſһɻ棬ͼֵĽ


487 
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սߺȻ»ָȫʢʱȫʩչ֮£һҺҲӲӣοֻѻˡ
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˽۸ո֣ûüüɣʶ޷ȫܳԻ޷ά̫á
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ʱȻ֪Ӻδһ̶ļ
֮ǿҲֻͷ­΢΢һ˫Ŀһк󣬾ûٴ߶ɽһն
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ͬһʱ䣬ľٴͷſȥڸһûκη֡
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ȴûʹλζ䣬˵Ӱֱӳ˻ȺУðһɺһ޴ơ
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ȻЩڰеܻСöôһҿ޷ץסǣһ·ϾȻ㳤ã޷ʶƵĻǰ׳ˡͷ飬ɫ˿䣬ȴ˵
ԭڸղһʱ򣬾ѾطųΪ׷һԡ
ͷٴμУо񹥻ȴҲס׼ȷλã˲ݷ̽һȻƳǵĻ֮
СȻΪ䲻⣬ȴΪǰ漸ιĴλôȴ֪Եɡ
֮Ը䣬һһ֪ʱеıɫɽѾѸײڶһն
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ȻһУͨ屻ιѾɫ޴󽣹һɨС
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488 
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ǷļԻǵã֮£ȻӰ죬˵ɫСٴһӶ
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Ȼ˹Ҫ׷ǿҪֽŵġٻ˷ɽλɴܵķɫ֪Щʲô
ŻȥɰеĻȺڲϹŻ֡
ȻһɳٴսڲͻȻ͹ͻ̣΢һת£еĻ̶гΡ
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ųȷΧ޵˺󣬽̲кһЩòٴȡ˵ͼ鿴
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ʮ⣬һƬҰϷ֮лһǰӵĻٴֳΣ·ϡ
һֻ飬ֻһֻĲһСϵĻҲǰ֮ȻǱǰĽˡ
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ХĻֱۣһĹĻǶʱ飬ʱҲ岻Ĺ
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Ůһɫ籴һ֮£һУʮֻնϡ
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489 
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ڼɫÿһЩкɫһ£쫷ϯҲԶֻ顣


490 
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491 
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˻һڣ¸˻üڵԺʱ¶˼ɫ

С׽֮Уȶʮӣ˿ӳµǵķԸϿڴԶĵطæµţһ˸УһĶСľ޴
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췢ӽɫһ׺ͬµǵƿնߡ
һߵһͺȣһʱ޴󽣹ǰһȺĶ󣬵һתҲһöɫĵԼϡ
ۡһһ֣ҲΪһĳ𣬲һ󣬺µ෴ߡ
ǼͷȻҲδ˾ߵ뷢׷ʱȻѾˡ
ʹ߰ͷڿ׷ȥҲ˲ķָɱˡ

ڰշɳ˴ʱûл׷΢΢һɣóͼȷϷλɫһ䣬һģ˵ϡ
ͳһŴ̷һģһε˲û븽һŴвӰ
ʱԶһҽ֮ǸطӦһɲͬѰ
תӴʶǱ߷Ȼһ̽һ
͸ĻƣԶһƬƽԭϣȻۼ飬СһĻޣİֻӣڻ޺󷽣Լ仹жʮͷӵмһֻԼͨСľͻ顣
ŸӦǴӴ˾ͻɢġ
Щۼ֮ԶߣȻݹֻʵķӶݡ
˾ͻ齫ŵģһȱȫ̫ŵʬ壬һԱһӣͬʱзһͳ
Щλʱһֳӣÿ飬׷Щߵŵǡ
ۼŵٻȺҲѿаֻ׷׸Щλȥܱ߻һ󷭹
ǾͻϢǿ󣬼ɵָ飬ٿôȺ֮ߣڳˡС׽з䣬ֻ¶ͻϲ˸ϵ䲻ʵˣ˶໤Ȼһðնɱġɿת˼š
΢һȡһݷһģʱ˻һŻƹĶ˵£Զݵضȥ
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Ƶʱ򣬺Ȼɫһ⣬һɫĺ
һԡ
һ£ݹ˲ӿ죬Ƭ̼ٴΰԶԶ˦˺档


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ԥһʱͬʱеһֶΪһɫɰһֶڡ
ಡһ
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յ蹤󣬱ƹŵɽ𸽽Ҫ֮زز
ǰϻһһֻǰ֪ںδλ飬ǰ

һһҺڵĻ飬Ȼ˿η壬붼еһƬɫɳһ˲仯ΪһֻӲӴֵһѽץס
һֻһ
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ףոյǹϢһȡ˾ˣתתɶ֮ʱȻͷһͷĻʬ壬һ˿֮ɫ
ǰȻӻкϸܵһ˿ϤϢԼǰͷ޴С
ʱ顱һ죬ͷʬ徹һбѶڹ淭Уͳ׻ΪһѺɫҽȻɳһƺϼһ󣬾Ҫƿնߡ
Ǻε֮ˣ붼һΣ͹ȰĳһƺϼԱߣһץס
ʶһųӴһɨȥ
ϢȻͷͻġⶫнһʶͨͬϵѹֲζأҲ޷ӳȺ׷١ͻǿʵС׽ֻ֮أֻҪһ֮ڣȷҳֶصĵˡ
Щ󣬵һ꣬ƺϼһѹ𣬾϶ĳƿնˡ

֪úһСɽ֮䣬ϹһһųɫĻƽ
֮һϮмźɫɳ˸
Ƭ̺ɽȵľͷݹɢȥ¶ΣµǼˡ
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ͷ飬ʮֻޣȻҺڵΪѹԳµʵҲֻܶ·ӵġ
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496 
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ʱ֮Ȼ޴ϿȲԶһƬ֮С
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497 ͵Ϯ
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еɫںһʹ˵ƾɢ
һΣۡһ£ſһžѪͬʱɫ˲԰ޱȡ
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ƾľ޴飬˫һӣȻһſڣͽ޿зӿĳϼһڶʱ˲ؽڴʮŶСľÿһŶʺѪԼȻɢž֮Ϣ

һΣȴһʧڣѪ˲òã״¶ֵɫ
ΣҲһ
νĻԭָΪһ̶ȣ麣޷ټɸҺ̬Ԫɾ״һ־硣ͻֵľģȻ͵伮ϼصķᾧһ޶
뻯ʱԪɵķᾧԽ࣬Ȼ䱾ԪԽۺǱҲԽ
һ˵߻ʱʮᾧʮʮʮڴеߣȻһˡ
ԼʹͬΪڣΪʵҲرġ
ܹ׻ģȻܹķᾧֻʮˣʹݴ½ӴУܹߵһģҲ֮٣һԵġ
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˲ͨ˴£΢΢һɡ
ʱľͻ飬˫Ŀݺݶ˰еһۣһĳХڣȻһûӴڣͬʱɫ˰֮ɫξһģʧԭء
ˣһ˲ٴ߶ɽһٴһɶһɳĽԼС
һԵĲҲͬɫһ䣬һǰȻҲֳһɫܣԼ˺档
ѾлʵĶ֣˲ͬʱڳ˷̬
ǰһһӰ˲临ϰǣȻǾ޴飬һһģʧټֳ˲
㣬޴ھ޿ں֣·Ȱ˲ƲʼնδԶֹ
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ΣɿתһȦ󣬺Ȼͺһ
ʱ޿ӱԵİУͨ鼤սŵ󣬲һ𣬾޴Ӵʱһ֡
ͷֻǵֿһץɫּһȻû˰׵УŰ׹һ£ʧ
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һЩֵŵӣڴ߶Ӧǰͷ飬£һְһն룬޷ֵֺ˲䱻ɫȼ󣬱㻯˻ҽ
һ̵ŵӼˣһ˲ǰͨ飬ɿһɫʱһͻΪһŹڵͷȥ
Ȼֻӵǿͬȥܹס
ģһɫоӶݷһ֣ۡ𣬽ͬİ׵һ룬ʱʱѶ˵⡣
ΣɫЩࡣ
Ҳ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ͷնɱͬŵʵڿ磬ö˸Ԯȷֺ
ǵһȻ֪һս϶޷ˡ
ͻһХǰֻλ飬Ȼ׷ױѶʮƬɫƣһ£׷ûͻ֮С
ÿһƬƵû룬ʵһ֣ȫûкϢȻǰǿ˲١
һ󣬵ٳȻһߣǰɫɳתγһ㵭ĽɫɳĻסȫͬʱɫСֶӭ籬ǳһɵɫӰƿɢɭȻĺ⡣
Ŀкһһָɫ޽ڿ΢΢һƿ֮һʮɵ磬һĽ󳯻һնȥ
ͬ˵ĴһӣȴһɫСɡһɶڿеһת󣬻һľɡɡ淺̹⣬һûγһɫĻȫ
ͬʱſһ磬ɫɵӭһǵĻΪɳУڿһſͣķˡ
ȥ
һͺ£ɫһκ󣬻âȥ


499 ᾧ
һͺŰɫеһɿ컯İɫȻУ˫һӺһ׹ɫ޽Хȥһӭâ
׹ֻһӴһɫӴһȻСɣԭСģͬʱ˲両ơ
һץɫоڿбѶ浱ɫСû
ֻһͳʧȥɫСϵ
һ̣ۻεĶϽкӿֱֱ䡣
һߣâӶײ˰ɫк󣬾ͬʱѶϰɫâͬʱ
Ƭ̹󣬰ɫڵĽâûˡ
֪һಡ΢ϹİС
ʱһģ£ȻһֺӴһΪڿиֳһģһľ޴顣
ͷ޴飬ͬʱһͺһֱ˲˽ǰżͬʱ˫һı
˫ĿһУųǿľͼڡ
Ҳ츳󿪣ĶǰĻ
˳ԾǣǰΪڣ֪õĺַ档
һߣǰɫɳȻһͻΪһɫɳ˳ǰľͻһȥ
ۡһ죬ɫдɳһų
һæöˮ飬˫һϣɫˮ˫ȭ֮ϣӲһ
䡣
ɫͬʱѶˮĺɫˮ֯һ𣬷һ󡰆ꡱ𣬹̼䱻˴롣
ô˻ᣬζʱ˳ʮԶһӣɫɳٴǰ
һߣ߶ɫɡͬ޷ֵУһӴɫĻѿ
˫ȻɫţɷΧһģɫͻоһƫб༤
顱顱ն󴦵ĵϣֳ泤ۡ
ͻϮһûЧͻ΢΢һδ˷ǾͻȻŰɫȥһںϺ󣬾ڹ»ΪԭȵĻ
̫ŵˡҪĿĿˣٴηĻȻһ㣬˫ֽǰзŹֻɬ
ʱϿк¡¡죬޿Ļһ󣬾ǵص伯۶Ȱɫ˴ϯ𣬻һͻȦ˲佫С
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д󾪣ֻܸԴ߶ƴԵֵǰͺ̵Ĺˣһʱ޷ٶ
ˣ˫һֿٴһѰѵİɫУȻСûǰĴ󣬵֮࣬Ȼϰٰѵӣǰ
͡һ𣬰׹һİɫжʱȫӰ
һ̣ϮУâ˸ʱʱĲһ
龰ɫѿһߴ߶ɫɳԷתһ߽еˮһףʱûһڝˮϯ£Լʵʵİ
žžײ𣬹˱ɳγɵɳĻߣɫȴӻһ׷״͸ɳĻɫˮˮһˮð
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һߵǰɫɡѾһ̶𻵣ʱֻûɫ޶ֵܵϻˣɫ߶ռֵɫС
䶯֮ľˣڵֵƬ̹ɫҰףȻЩˡ
вڹϮ߶ÿռŤӲĸıеķ򣬽е䵽˿С
Ȼǰ׹һʶһʱֻ۴һȻһһж¡
ҲƵʮֱ뺷Դ˾ɫһһţһѪֶϱϡ
ۡһѪ˲˶ϱϵİ棬󽫶ϱ۲ţ˿С
֣Щʱ䣡˲Ĵ
Ŀһ󣬶˵һ߷һκ󣬾ʹɫɳķǰܻûһƬɫɳĻҲڵʵʵ
ͬһʱ䣬һȣҪϵֳһööƬȻһˮҲһӿñǰŨؼ֡
ɲǼ䣬һĻ˺Ͱȫ˷֮⡣
л֣ٸһʱ䡣
ɫɳĻеһ䵭Ĵ󣬷ȡһöɫϱ۴һģֹסӿѪ
дʣ˫ɫ˸жϱ͸ʺɫѪҺɫ֯΢΢һ󣬾ΪһɫѪֵĹìڿС
ìԼɫķһһǰ˼гʵɫɫѪСģѪڹìΧ߲
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˫˲Ϻ֮ɫԥĵֳìһģͬʱеͺһ
ಡһì֮һѪâȥ֮죬羪һ㣬ֻһʹԽˣȻڻǰ
ͻĹìҲǴһȻǰһΪһ¿ɵİɻǽǰ
Ѫɫìֻ΢һ٣ͷһžֱӶɫǽ
һХӰһģƾʧ
ͬʱѪɫìڿһתͣٵĳĳȥһŵҲûвӰ
һһ촫ƿһ˵Ȼһɰɫӿһ¶˻ӰǸѪɫìֱͦͦĲС֮УŹ֮Ϻɫâ
׿˿ϵѪìŵɫȻһ˻ȻһסìһζͬʱϻһʢͽһĻΪ˻ҽ
ͬһʱ䣬˿пӿ˿ڱԵƵ䶯ͣ赲޷ֺϡ
ԭΧ˵ĻȦȴȻһµɢ
Ȼͷش֮£޷άԭȵͨ
ʱһ԰ףѪɫȫޣҲҡҡ׹شʩչҲǷľ
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һģ˻˫ֱɵɵĶ˫ɫУȻһϺ󣬾ҲΪһ׷ĳǹݺһͶ
ֻۻһɫǹ͵˽ǰȴˣһȥ


500 
ʱƿһ죡
Ȼһɺһײ˰ɫǹϡ
顱һ
ɫǹһӲһɳ
ȴһԵһȭһ̣ȻһգಡһʹһӰһ˶ȥֻһģ͵䲻Զĵط
һŭһſڣһɰɫ˳ǰһ
һ£˫ֳָɫƬͬʱ˫ָһöˮ飬˲ûصɫȭӰ

ɫ漸˲䱻һɢȭӰȫӽʵʵ˻ϣ丹˿һѶ¶һö΢ĳ쾫ˡ
ĿоһȭӰȻһգһֻƾָһֵĳһץ
ʱѾһϢĻȴȻ䡱һԱΪһȦȦĿ
˽ԱҪܣܣֻһͽûС
ΣȻʧɫ
ʱಡһ
ӰɫгһŰ׹⣬ֱϿڴƴӡ
ڰ׹УȻһӰǻֻǰȻСϣϢҲ˥ޱȣҼζ󣬾Ͷݳ߰ʮ֮Զ
շӦĲʩ׷죬ȴˡ
ʱԭµİɫоȻٴƿһ죬һźѾһģļ׷¡
ںУֳһɫǶܵǰԼоſͷӰѣٶ֮죬شĻҪϽ֮࣬Ƭ̼׷󴦡
߸ߵĻƺ֪Լ޷ܵˣͻȻݹһͣȻһתףӿɢʺѪӭһκ󣬾ͻΪְСľ޴ֱȥ
һݣȻСһ̧һΣΪֻ޴ͬʱſͷҲ֮ΪСͬʱһŴڡ
ۡۡۡ
ʺûбѶһӴſͷӰ˲䣬ȫһ롣
١顱һ
ӰһģĻǰֱһģһֻƾֱӶ丹ö쾫һץ
ҽһھ˲ɢֻʮʺķᾧڿС
ųһǶһնһֵĽʮᾧģһתԶĲȥƮƮھ޿һ¡
㽫նɱˣ˴λʵˡȻԶԶĿɱһĻȻɫ쳣԰ףʮַ쳣
ٺһֽ̧ɳɳҲһն˫̯һֻзһöˣһʮᾧ
˵˷ɱֹûʮ˿ŻķᾧƵҩѲϣ˿ɲȻ龫ˣƻԼƷ֮߼ֵ൱ҶһһΡ
Ȼ¾ѡö˰ɡҲһ˼ѡϵĽɫˡ
΢΢һЦһ׶ֽʮŷᾧУЩᾧҺкӷ൤ҩıرϣȻ羫󣬵Դ˿̵˵Ҳ֮
һȻԴϲֱЩҩһ󣬱㿪ʼͷڿæµ
вڽ޿еһЩԾʯ󣬱㵥һתһŵη̣ھ޿вͣ̽Ѱʲô
Ҳһŵɫһ֮󣬶ʱΪöɫģΧԷ費ͣĿдʡ
Ƭ̺󣬶˾ͬʱɫһ䣬һۡ
֣ΪѾٻĻȻǰ˿ûмɫŹֵ˵һ䡣
ȷˣ񻹱ȸղŸŨһЩȷϳġƵľ˽֮жˡҲһ˵
һΣֻǵͷͲ˵ĵֳ巨һյָ
ҲһĬĬ߶ʲô
ͬһʱ䣬зһĿַɳһζ󣬷ɵ˾޿ĴϿգתͣ
ߣԵļɫҲһɶƮƮ˷ͬһλõ·մͬŵⲻֹ
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Σ˫Ŀһеĵ˵
ţ鲿Ҳһ㴦ӿĻҲ϶ˡҲ˿ûеĻص
˵ĵطȻԭƵ޴֮Ʈ󣬶˸
´˵漸ۺ󣬺ȻһһץʱһźɫԲ飬˿˿һð󣬾һȭһ
һ죬޿ӶΪ֮һκ󣬺ȻֳһĴӿۿɼ˿˿ϼ
ҶҪȥ̽ˡˣȭͷһնת׳ƽ˵
ҲĿ¶ͷ

һյ蹤󣬾޿Ĵ°
һŻƹͺɫ£ĿɿڴĿǰһɫ޶
¯ɸߣӡкɫģǴ󿪣¯ڰɫƮ𣬲вʱɫ棬øĻɿ۳һɫ״ַɿɢĻΪһƺϼϷƮȥ
һϹµĲǰ޶ͬȻ֮ɫ
˶ɢĻ֮ǿǰδţ˽ĶǴ˱ˡȻ˹
ôֿǿ˴˶¯ĵϸɫһԵһۣʵ
˵Цˣ³½֮أ˵ȱⶦ¯̲ػɲ⣬Ǵ֮ˣּʶ㣬֪Щʲôԣһ˵
С׽еսټʶĲʵȻҲư֮ģ̸ʮֿ
̫ǫˡҲǼʶǳϲǺҡҡͷ˵
ܴﵽǺҵȽŲ棬˵ΣĿһ󣬺ȻĽ
Ҳáֻһ˼Ҳصĵ˵ͷ
ԴϲһʱϹʢ
Ƭ̹ϿȾ޿ĴĴУȻһɫһһζ޶һĴӶڴðһŲһº֡䡱һ˵ϡ
ಡಡ
ӰִӶһһģ󣬾ͷֱ˾޶ĵϡ
ֻǶ˾ͷ󺹵ӡ
û뵽ﾹȻأҪҺ»޷Ūġ΢ƽһ´ϢͿЦһ˵
ҲԽ˵ǷˣڵǷβܽ˱ˡǰڵ¶ѾԹˣ֮Ǵɶ޷˶սеġȴüͷһ˵


501 Ы
ȷȡ֪һַ˵ܹЧҪȲһԸų޶תɫģȴɫ΢˵
ŶȻаգǾͳһɡԣһת󣬾ͺԥ˵
Ҳͷͬ⣬ϲһҪȡߣȡ˶
ʱȻ޿Ϸɵĸ߿һ¡¡촫ſռ䲨һֳһҫ۵⣬ɫƯ㹹һɴСķ
ͲȻһԼͬ˾ٶ
һץȻһɫ
һҲΪһƬɫɳΧȫ
ʱзһĴһ¸ֳӰ
ЩһȫԲ沿ģһƬֻԼ٣Ҷɫף̻ͼǰ⻬ϺȻӡһġ֣ɢŵ⡣
ִִˣһЩɫ˺ȴһʧɫеĻɫȴȥ
ԣһĽɫɳȴ˼֡
ƮԺŵӰɣʲô֣ؾšǼִʹߣΪС׽ڱȽ⣬ԲŽ֮˺սġΪһ׷һۣЦһ˵ģһƬӣԵЩ졣
˷˵䣬ȡһ淽ƣͼ֮ʱһ㣬ִı־
ԭִʦ֣²Աλ֡˷С׽з˲䣬鼰޺ȻɱҵȵĴҲȻʧЧвŵ䣬֪ŶѾţĿһɨֵĻص
Ȼû˵Ҳǳбȭһ
ţϵȷǵֲ١ҵһ¡
Ϊ׵׷ԣһնٷȡһ·һ伮ɿ췭˼ҳ󣬾͵ͷ˵佫伮һն𣬵һתһȴ޷̬
Ϊ׷ִһʱΪ֮һ
ͬʱ޶ڵĵһһ¡¡֮ɫĴӸ³𣬾Լھ޶·һɹ
ͬдʣϵĴɫΪ֮е֮С
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·һִɫһ˲佫޶С
ڹ֮Уɫľ޶Ư𣬶ɫȴʧˡ
ЩȻȡ˱
ˣɫΪ֮һ䣬ҪǶԷǰѾִƣ̾Ҫˡ
˿ֻ̣ǻһۺ󣬾ɫĬȻˡ
Ϊ׵׷˿ɫ֣֮֮һףһ⵱ڰ֮У˫ʮָãַӡһ·ġ
ͬյٻ߿еɫţƬ̺һģ֮£ֱûУʧӰ١
Ϊ׷һ֣㡰ಡһֱӷɻصС
Աߵļˣ˴˶һۣƺ˿ӡ
ʱΪ׷Ŀһתٿˣ˵˶̫С׽УҲΪлйС׽緢䡣˱Ҫܣٶκἰ߽Ź洦ã
ŴԣȻмԤϣ˿Ȼ˿ɵĵͷǡ
ţ˵бȲµؽƣǰ˺ͻս֮ʱΪԵʣ޷˺գ͵гҲͨ˵صĽƣ鿴ǰļսΡŵܹ֮ɱҲΪ´󹦣˷ȥ֮󣬱Ի͵ġ˹飬׷Իĵ
Ȼһл
ˣ˼֮Ѿ˴ԺǱߵĴͷҲӦÿ޺ˣԭȵѾûãЩҪ˳˴ǰС׽ߵľأֱӴͶǶ˼ǵý¸֪ͬţĻҡ
׷˵꣬ȡһɫһ飬ɫ֮жʱʢһ£׷ͨһʧӰ١
ŻЦĻһۡ
ȻִŵǽһϽȣȻˡ
˶ȻԭȻҲ޷˵ʲôҲֻϵùˡ
˵ѱߣҲѷػ鼰ȺıҲƽϢǻǾ콫ϢͬšĿ˵
ţȻ顣֮ǰǻһҪ˵ţȻߵ˿ӶԱߣȥ
Ӷ֮Уԭɫ֮أ滹˲ٵĻԾʯǴǰ۶ɣɫʺ죬ɢǿҵ̶ȿƷԾʯˣóȥܴ׬һʡ
ղĽЩʯռ˸һɶ
Щ˿ºܿ춼һǷͷжɣܷҵı㿴˻Եˡ˵һ䣬û˸Ļ֮С
ĿҲŷȴߵһ
˴ϿȼȻĻ鲿ľۼأŨȻҲʢֻԵġ
ŵӶڣչεĴʱȻҪϷָɾ
ڲûвãӰһȰĴӻһء
뿪һַۣųʶܲ̽һȷ˺󣬲żǰó󶦵ĴԣȥͬʱһŻɫһĶȥ
ۡһһƹ⽫һ룬ȥˡ
ܿ϶Ӷ滹ıϢǶ¯һ޶ȡߴ֮󣬵ضȻŨ࣬ڻƹУȻĿˡ
ˣûȻոѣõͨң·ȷڡĶȴȻһǳ۵Ůͯ
˵ؾȻеڶ˴ڡ
ĬƬ̺󣬺ȻĳƤһģһɣһɺððٵһת󣬾ͻһֻƴСɫЫӣ֮һĹЫ
ԭߴСȻС࣬ӡĹƣԭȵĳɫȴʧһɶͬʱββȴǱģ
˹ԴԨ֮˾ħͷ­֮󣬱һֱг˯Ȼǰھ޴նɱͻͬһʱ䣬ȻĪ˹ڷǳ춦¯ʱȻ˵Ӧ¯·һ֪


502 
˺Ȼʮ־ȣԲŻͲֿȻ·ؾ޿֮С
Ыһ󣬱һͷϡ
չЫָʾʩչ˶ݵ֮ԭȶ¯λǱ˰
ȻɫһƬ̺һᣬһСοռڣڵһ㣬ڱʮֹ⻬
ڿռλãƯһȭͷİɫţ΢΢˸ƺʲôâ
˫ĿһУͰĿͶι֮ϡ
͡ǡͷϵĹЫʱ˺Ůͯ
һӴһɨȥȴһ޷̽浽Ǻű̺ƺʮºͣӦ޺֮
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˹Ы󣬵ȡһСɫҩͬɫһͬСķ֮С
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ѹˣԺ֮Ҳ˲żüãμӴȣһЩҪٶĥһԣ˸ǷĻص
ǵͣһ첻У϶лģ˵Ժֻٶŵӵġӣٺһ˵
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˵˴µֶҲǱֳɫΣͷȷѡ񣬵ͳµһ㣬д֮簡ӼˣһתֳԺ˵
йС׽ڷһУȻͨһ֮ڣ˽߰˰ˡ
ü˻Ȼǫ˼䣬Цݡ
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˵ʦö´δʮˡĿ˸΢΢һЦ˵
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һʱ֮󣬽شһڵӻصƮԺ´С
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ЩܽⳡдĵǣȻûһߣö龫Ȼȡˣһж⹱׵㻰ȻǾһϲ
˵׷ȡŻ龫ˣϽ˽غȻ˸һ֮󣬲ŷ׷뿪˴
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ѾִǱ˵ˣǶС׽УֺǳɫֻɱƮԺ˲档ضеĲ豭һڣ¶һ˿Цݵ˵
ԺЩǵӦġĻص
ִԣǻƺһͻƵ˻־ȻԽ֮նɱɼĵȷмʵġǽնɱ̣ϸٸ˵һɡ¶ָȤ֮ɫ˵


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תȦҡҡͷ׳ԵĽҩ·УϷٴ֮С
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ԭȵǿˮԷɽѾںͻļսУ޷ýͨʵǴӰġ
˼ţһϥĵϢ


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̫һϾԶʱ佫ԪΪ֮ʹԳƿиġ˱ȴֻϵӣʸķֵĹ׵ʹá
һַڿʹãҲֻ跨ǰֶˡ


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һԵɳֻͨһҺڵŵӣһ˼ͻȻ첽뿪ȥһдź󣬱ڿƷɶݶȥˡ

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ʱ֮뿪ɽɽȺУ긾ҵһֻʮɸߣ쳣Сɽ壬һ¡
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ʮպ񻷶˳һƵĴɽǰһȥɽܲһЩŹֵīɫľЩɭɲ
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񻷵ĺɫڱĴ֮΢΢ţ㵭ĻȻޣҲ

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512 뺮̶
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á
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513 
ʱɫСϷһ㾧Ө͸ʵʵĵɫλתͷųһɹɺ
ÿһɺûԶһƬƬ
ûã̶ײһƬ硣
ȻסƤ׺ǿûܵ𺦣ȴЩȻ
ɫСɢľϢʮؽƵľöй֮޲
˽Ȼһķ
ʱ񻷴ͻȻۡһ촫
Ůؿһһöɫ֣˲仯ΪһŽɫȼն𣬲һȦȦ׹˷ϯȥ
ĺڰ׹ɢ£ѸٵڻˮƬ̹˱ָж
Ӷ˼¶Щ˫ۣɵһԵĽƳȥ
Ůһ˵һ˰ɫСǰֱһץС
ɫСзһĲϲɢĺ·Ϭ֮ƻƶѪֱ
ȴԴȫȻһܲ˵ӣдͬʱһַһߣһſڣһöɫСӰһһ£һŵ˲ûеİɫС
һԵĻвһ˿֮ɫ
ŮȻҲһޣķ·Ҳһö֮顣
һ̣ɫСȻҵŷһҫ֮İɫâԼ΢졣
˲˫һУҪһ׹⾹ͻȻһİٴ¶еС
ֻԭͨ徧ӨС˿̲һϸ΢֮ķģ͸̶ˮɢ㾧âԵΪ졣
Ůˣзһ䣬ɫС̼ССһԾûü֮С
СŮȡ˲䣬̶ˮб溮˲俪ʼɢ
̶֮˱䣬ҲȫΪСԵʡ
ʦ֣󹦸ɣҵ뿪˵ذɡ񻷳һ󣬳һЦ˵
֪ǷԵʣŮ󣬿ȥ̶һ֮⡣
˵ͷ˵һ̶ˮϷȥ
û˺ϮȻҲ˼ɵĵһ̶ףȥ

ʱض֮⣬ϵƤ׽ڽ񻷡
˳ȫʦ񻷽ӹƤף¶ĸм֮ɫ
ûʲô¼Ȼ˹ͨЩȻǷ֮¡΢΢һЦ˵
ʦҲˣʵҲһޡɳ֮ɳͨȢΪ˫ް£ʵҲΪͼıķȻ˽ֻһոεƷķ潣֮Ϊ˳Եʣʧȥ˲٣ҲһΪ֮ӲˡҪǽҲ̫Ÿ壬ҲһͽЩԨԴĳɽ峤ϴкʵ޷ס˷ˡŮ䣬̾һһ̹Ȼ¶ʵ顣
˽ʱʵҲѲµʮ֮ģֻ΢΢˵ͷδ˵ʲô
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ЩȻΪδŮֱԣ˿Լ˷˼ˡ
ĳҪϲˡ˴˱Ժʲô̫ѵˡȻõ֮Ҳ뿪˵ذɣʡɳ֦ɫһ
΢΢һͷһ䣬һһֻľ޵ڶǰ
һԾϺ󣬽ḧ˾޵ͷ
޵һԽ˫һչʱɽƿնȥ

ʮպɽĳƫƧɽϷ֮Ȼһˮ漴һֻɫ޵һɶ˶˼³Ľ
漴ӰһԾ¡
Ȼһ·صͽ񻷣
һ·ϣŮһȥʱĳĬҲ˽ǰԻʱڵһЩ顣
ˣֽһڽ޵ľ飬ԼߵһЩСϣڷ֮Ҳ΢һ
ϾŮһ浤Ľޣû䣬µĽĵȻڣ֪һǰ㣬ȻҲһЩ·ġ
ǰȲɹȡ洫Եʣϵ飬֪޲ԣջСġ
вУȻѰȻأǱʹ˱ˣԺϾⲻٺʦ߶һ֮ˡŮּ򵥼󣬱˵˸֮ԡ
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ŴŮȥӰһ˼£׺һ𣬻Ϊһһڿնȥ

ͬһʱ䣬ɽĳΪصɽ嶴С
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ǱҲ̫áҼʹͨ˫޻ýѪ˽Ҳ޷ȫҲˣʹѪ֮ʹ˷ɽҲ޷Լķɽǰ⣬վ޷ΪĽǿߵġһֻԼıɽԱǱ࿴صġõ˽ҲֻǴ㵱ýѡɳͨһݵĻشһνģ
ŶȻһ߽֮Ըȡ֮ǶҲǿˡ£Ͼıõ飬ʱһˣҪλһС⣬ܶԽ֮˾ҲɼˡֻҪܹ׻ǳΪشҲδǲܵ顣ɳҵĻڳ󣬲ŭϲĸ
ֶһᾡġɳͨĿâ˫һɫĻص
ĵ˵ͷ˻ۣʹ뿪˶

һصڶſڸ߹лƣ̤֮С
ʯţϢĹرˡ
ߵмλã˵һһöɫҩһöɫҩתͣǵڷйõġ衱롰ˮ衱
ϸĴеöҩ裬һ˼ģ
һյĹöҩһգִ֮ȡöɵͨ
ʱѾ¾㱸ֻ轫ָҺ۷壬һ֮ԳͻҺˡ
мѶƣϥأ˫ĿһգĵϢ
һʱ䡣
ɫһٴ۾ʱֻˬ»ָ˾
һ󣬱뿪Ⱥֱµȥ


514 ̫֮Ѩ
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һʱһƽĴµгֺȻһǧٹ׵㣬˿Ĺ׵ܼǧˡ
Ӧùˡ
һһȡɽͼʶһɨһնٵһ̫ƿնȥ
ȥ֮ǰȻѾ̫֮Ѩ̽һ
ν̫ʵ̫һרյĶߣڱָһһСѨרΪһЩԹ֮ʹá
̫ޣеУشӿʹ⣬ŵӽ֧Щ׵㣬ŵ֧ԶһЩͨӸҪ֧׵㣬ڶн϶ʱܽ롣
⣬Ϊ˷ֹѨ֮ڵй©ڵĳλ̫ϳϻѨܼϿջһ޴ƣֻ˶Ѩ֮Ũ̶֮߿֪
ˣѨŨҲ𣬸𼸴Ѩ⼯Уϡ֮һ࣬ЩطЩ⹦Ч֮˶ĳ档
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˵سҺƿȻкôġ
СպɽһɽеһϿǰ
վϿڣһɽƮڲģ˫΢е´ǰ
ǰԶһƽϣһɸߵĻɫʯΡȻǰһɫʯš̫ɫ֡
ߵ˴ǰƳŻ˻κһһûУ¡¡һŻ򿪡
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󷽣һɿխĳȣ΢΢һ㶺㾶ֱȥ
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һգһףƷС
ˣԽȥˡʱһԶͻش˴
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ֻµ΢΢һһ𣬷ܷһ㵭⣬һĲӰ
ٴα˫Ŀ

ֻǰһĿһһۣԼһĶСʯ֮С
ֻһɴ̹Ǻ˷ϯоԪǳϡҵһŨ
ܵŨ̶ܳȣʱڵѨȻ߳ü⵹Ϊ֮һϲ
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ߵ˽䴦ϥ˫Ŀһգת£˺֮ս̫ŵĵεΡ
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һ󣬵˫ĿһյĬĬڵҩ
˵һֱ죬ڴڼ䣬ʱʱʶɨ麣ȴ۷ٽڣǵڱ֯Ϣʼ侭зٶš
һգԾڷȻ۷壬麣еķҲֵʱʰֱߵͨһؿһġ
ʱһһһɫϼзɾȫУѸ͸ûڡ
ֻһǿҵ澭֮Уһ֮ϮȻŷһžž죬ȫ˲ڴ̼±Ƕ
ںֱײĳ淨Ŀвһ˿֮ɫ
ͨȻ棡
ǿҵڲͣĴԭ麣֮ѾͷŴﵽ۷巨ĵɫҺҲٴηһɹɸķ麣вӿ뾭֮С
ˣĿоһȻһͺȣ˫һϺֳһֿһ󱬶ž죬һ±˳ͬʱ̼㻯ԼûС
ʼĬڤķٴλ˫Ŀ


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תۼ䣬ʮȥˡ
һգ̫ϿգȻХֹ󶴶޴Ľֹ¹ðһƬƬɫ
һ̣һ쳹ʵɽһĺɫһֻľ޻̫г𣬲ʼХ֮ڶ
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ͬһʱ䣬̫ʯУɫǰĻ˫Ŀ΢
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ڵķ­ѾɱƷħͷ磬ϢҲﵽҺڣθôһ伮мصľӤģ


516 
ǰη­͹Ы֮ʱ׽٣ʲôûзӡ
ĪʲôŹֲɣ
תһЩɻ
Ƭ֮䣬ߺȻһ
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˿ӡǳ̣쳣ƷҲ޷֮նϣľѲϡ
ǳ˿ּ򵥵ĴһĲϡ
ļ죬ڶ֮д΢һ粢ָһ󣬱ֶ뿪˶

պٴվ̫ŷеڴ
̧ͷһԶĸߴȺ΢΢һЦŲǰȥ
ԴӼ̫ںѾⷻУҲѽԴ˵Ϥ
̫ŷʯ㳡Ҫṩеĵʱ̯ĵطҲΪֵĳĶӣʲôС
Լļʶ۹֮ˣڴ˴һЩ
ӹ㳡ֵԿӭ͵ĵΪвŵӹ˿裬ҲһЩŵļڴ˾ӪÿֵӪƷҲء
˼Ƭ̧̣ȥ
ֵߵĵǰʱƺ˲٣вٴŵӷ֮ˡ
һת˼顣
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תһȦŲ߽һҵ֮С
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һ˽æվϺЦĵλ͹٣޲Ҫۣ
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йŽ죬֮ǰгС׽ɱĻϣһֱ˴ˡ
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ǰαΪͻƿйһЩҩŽͻƵҺڡ΢΢һЦǫѷ
ԭˣִ˴޲ҪۣŽǺһЦ֮ЩȲʵڴ顣
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517 ͽԪ
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ϣһֻϵĲϣŽ͵̧𣬾ȵ˵
ԭǱǽҲЩȷʵһֻϵĲϡ˴һۣϲɫ˵
ѺǿʵЩ̺ӦһֻҺڵϰɣ˳ԽƻײüݣȻ֮ܽնɱŽ̾˼ֵͷϸ鿴Щȥˡ
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ЩϺʣҲûʧҪС꣬³Žֱȳһ֡
ʯüͷһֳ֮ɫ
ּȻϿͻҲ鱨ǮҺڲ٣ֵǮĲϼ뾫˺˶ûУǮѾǺܹˣʦȥ̣ҲۡŽ캩ȻһЦ˵
ֻϵĲ˿;ˣôȻʹ˳ۣߵǿԻȡʯġ
ðɡ΢һ󣬱ͷӦʵ
ŽˣٺһЦȡһöһɨһâһ㽫Щһն𣬽źúһȡ߽ʯݸ
Ѵ˷УĪǾΪ˳ЩϣҪ¶ҲϤԸЩġôһ⣬ŽǸ˵˵
ԣбһ
һУͷıϲϣҪĿõؿռ֮жһ
һյ蹤һϲɫĴӵֱַ֮߳ȥ
ֽ׶εԣҪܹӿٶȺͿٻָĵҩ
ǵΪĵϱҪռֵҩҩЧҪ㹻ǿܹҺʱҪ
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ŽȻЩԷеҲΪϤڵ֪󣬵˼ҵһģ֪ȥ˾֪
ʱӱһоԪիĵ˳ɫԵЩΡ
ԪիѾܵĵҵˡ
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ʺԼĵ治ңˣʱգȥѰһҡ˼䣬ת߽Աһҵҩӡ
һӹ֮һʧ֮ɫ˳
һҡ

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Ҫ͵ĵС϶Կ䣬о˴ҩռĵ˵ҲаٰʮͷߣҡͷԵ˵
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΢΢һּ̾ȥ֪˶ú󣬺Ȼüͷ΢΢һвһ˿ϲɫ
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518 Ʒҩ
ڷɿţȻ֮ɫ
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˾ĴԾѾָ߰˰ˡ
ʱһϸļ㣬սʽҲµļƻ
˼ѱϣһ󣬱վٴ챮ȥ

һºһ졣
һƬƽ֮ϣһɫӰһҰɫĸߴʯɿĴš
ʮԶһɫӰԸٶȾֱ׷϶
ɫӰƺ˿ǰʯֱһӼ䣬ʯ÷顣
һʱ䣬ʯ֮¡¡˷ɳʯĽ䡣
һ׷һӵħˡ
ǰʮν֣˵ֶξ
Ȼɳڤ޷˼ħֺˮͬɫƬĺһҲֵֻܿסħľצӰһѡ
ʶһıԣȳԿܶӶá
ϾսУӮҲһֱս
ٶȣʲħĶ֣ʯиӵĵΣתŲ䣬֮ľʼձڼʮɡ
ڳʯ֮ʧȥڱ߼ľҲĿʼ
֮ʮʱǰͻȻһͣڿһתۻأͬʱһѳɫСһɶ
ʱƿɫСһ󣬱ӭ绯ɴĳɫ磬һɳĳȥ
ħֻһŤһ˺ϵļħգۼħֺ
һ̣αɿˡ
ʱٴ߶齣Ѿˡ
תֱ£˫һϣһ죬öˮһڶϣһҧ⣬žѪΪѪĽɫԲ˲С
Բ浱Ѫţ浱ֳʮģӰ
˫ۺһӿ㽫һͶˡ
һ죬Բ㻯Ϊһģڹȥ
ħ״һ̧һץֱӭˮڹ⡣
ˣȻĿɫһ£зһ䡣
ˮ΢΢һžƾԱĹɫˮһС
ɫˮһХħһĳȻѾˣͬʱǰ̽ƸѪֱ
һ̣һɹɺɫħʹ˿зӿ䣬ȫ׺ˡ
˾٣ȻҲħױŭˡ
˫Ŀɫһʢһ˻𣬾Ȼǰһڣ;һȻʧ
ֻͷһһֻɫħצͷƿһץ¡
ɫ䣬ִټæзһһɫСܴһɶһת󣬻һ޴Ƕܡ
ϾֻͷӰͬʱֶصĹ󣬱˿оצ
ʱٴȥ
顱һ
ֻͷӰһ˲䣬ؿһһֻɫħצʹӱ󶴴ǰضˡ
һתĿһۣŷħ֪ʱĳ󴦣ڶԷѪĿע£һ̱ʧȥ֪

˸ºƬʯ֮С
һСɽϿʮɴһɴĽɫԲзת
ڴʱһ˺ѷεĵͺɫԲɫӿ
ʱɫԲѶɳ
ɫɫ޻һһ˲ɢ
ɫɢȥӰӿһ£ħ
ʱɫҰ׺ѪɫؿȴһĿննԲ˿˿ħ
ǿžʹһֻ۾ʧȥ֪ζ΢΢һ
һ̣һ԰׵ĳؿռ֮С
ʮζս󣬵һλɱħȻֻͬھʵսвãǰ˵ȻǾ޴
Ͼħʵһ㻯кϣҲܹͬھġ
ȻⲢ˵ʵıһ㻯к߻ҪǿˣϾ£Ǿ˶ζսĽ
ʹˣʵսͽħͫϰ֮ǰȣȻ֮ġ
кڵĻ߲˵Ƕһϻڶ֣Ӧ߰˳ɰսԷնɱġ
˼ţߵռ䴦˫Ŀһյļϥ


521 ʵ
һһ졣
һīɽ֮ϡ
ŲԶһۣѪֱħ
Ҳɫ԰ףһӣһһȭͷѪȴȴûаѪ
֮ǰΪնβ
ȴеóɫƬ֮һħһֻƲ丹˲䣬ǿŤܿҪ䲢ֳ齣˲նһȥ
˽ľ룬ǿסԷֱۣʹηȵҲ޷ܿնһֱ۾㱻Ӳһն¡
Ҫ̵˷ɳһ׼õķԼѪϣҲͲ֧ĵˡ
֮ضˮһֶΣҲģھʵս󣬻ǵһʵʩɹ
֮ǰʹֶͬΣòֱӶؿڵ龰Ŀ
ǰ־飬ҲѾħֻ֮Ҫᴩͷ­Ҫλǿͨħ仺޲ǶϵһֱҪʱ³ħȴʮ־ˣһ֮ˡ
ʱħȻԸĴħ޲֫壬Դȴһֺ󣬾ڵֱӱһ
ˣһӣһɫɳһڿеһĻɫĻǰԼ򳯲ԶһʮɸߵɽһɶȥӰһģ˲ʧ
ȻʧȥһֱֻۣʵɫĻҲ֧Ƭ̱㻯ɳɢ
ͬʱɽ£һԳΣöɫԲһ֮£϶Ϊһתͣ
ƿɳĻֻʶ΢һɨ£Ŀڿһ٣ٴγǰ
˵ʱʱ죬ηһ֮ʱֱ͵ǰһף
ಡһƿ
ɫԲ黯һɫӰһɶڿеһת֮󣬱㻯һ߰ɸߵĺɫСɽӰһ¡
ħˣֻ΢͵һζ׵Ķ㿪Сɽ
¡¡һǰϱһľ޿ӡ
һЦҪԾСɽٴ֮ʱ
Ŀһ䣬˫ַһ䣬СɽͻȻһɫâһŵĵ´˲䱬ѶƬ˵ĽӰûС
ԭǰĽɫɽ븽֮£˿̽ˮڻ䲻Ĵ߶Ա
벻£ֻܴæ߶ϵħȥֵʱƿгɫɫħ֯һţΪһɾ˵ĺںдŭĴ
ȴ˿û֮ͣ⣬д£ͬʱֳһָںΧͻȻ˸̼仯һŽɳɳһȥ
䡱һ졣
Ȼһȭɳһɢ
ಡһ
һɫӰȻһһѽסȴǻƽʿط׷
ʱ͡һ졣
ԭɢɳʱһģĻûһɫһ׶ϣ˲佫ħ˸ʵʵ
Ȼһƴֻһֱۣ׷ɳ˫£һʱûѶ
ͬʱȴһӰļһеջˮ飬һץΪɫԺ;޻ֻȭͷһΣûȭӰֱӱҶȥ
һħ߷ݰıػɳȥ
ͬʱһ£ٴһ֮£ͺֳħǰֱһģˮȭͷһֱӵ˶ԷУȻ˲ȥˮ˶Էڡ
ħһУҪǿվΣʱˮһΪһźڹıѶ
ħǿޱȣڶĹҲ˲仯ΪһƬѪıħҲһͬʧӰ١
ˣһ״¶һ˿Цݡ
Ȼˣһȴǰζս״սʤħմ
Ȼ˴μսȻвٽҳɷУȻʵսǰ˾˽
˫Ŀһպʶдˡһ

ʱķɿ죬תۼȥˡ
ͨħͫħսΡ
ֱʮζԾʱʵսдѾʮ֮ʤһͬھ
ʣ߳Ҳֶͨħʮغϡ
һգϥԺڻعǰħһսе©
Ȼؿռһ󲨶ִˡһһ֮£һת˾ͳ˶֮С
Ы­Ҳһࡣ
ʱ麣еѾʧˣ챮ϵ©ٴεת˹ɳҲʼĵ¡
һ£ʱһɹɾķ麣зڿӿɫر˫ĿϢ
һԵĹЫ­ǵһμˣĵȺ
Լһʱɫһһɵٴ˫ۡ
ˣ
Ы­ʱΪϲĽл
ûˣһҲõ˲ٺôɡˣȽɡ
ԣЦһĻصһƤųһƬɫϼ⣬Ы­һС
Ըм󣬱㽫һɨһ´˿ʣķȻǰ־࣬ΪҲҺٴε䵽Һڵˮƽ
ɵÿЦ
һʱ䣬跨ָˡ
ˮƽѾһߵĵزֻҪԴԴϵĴ˵ʳźָܻܿΪˡ
뵽ʰ飬һŴϡ
ʶһɨ£һտҲǰŵؿռƳĵҩȻʧˡ
һŴǴǰ׼ļͽԪϣԭⲻӡ
΢ת뿪ңʯȥ

ʯУһƽĽһСƿɫҺᵹ¯֮УȡһҩĶ˽ȥһӵĽǺϡ
ÿһԵôݲȣؿռУһϵж粻֪˶ٴΣȻ֮ˡ
һкһָ¯һָһ£¯Ȼڳ棬¯չ
ʱһȥһɵҩ㿪ʼƮ
΢ֻ˼ڣһ¶һ˿ϲɫ
˹ԼĪһĹҩᵭıΪŨ
ҩŨĳһ̶ջоâһͻȻзһ䣬¯·ɫ˲Ϩ

һȣͬʱһ׼ȷڶ¯֮ϡ
΢º󣬶ǾеƯһһ֮֮˱Ƕ
ֻ¯֮УĴָСӲӵ


522 ۵
һУҩС
ĿһɨŵҩûгֵƣӦý֮䡣
Ŀź֮ɫֽҩŵһԣһ¯еҩɾ󣬱㿪ʼһֵơ
˿ʦ⸱ΣһˣǳɹƳһѾϲˣȻҩƷʲõģ
ʮպùеĲϣƳʮŽԪ
ΪϲĿǰһƬͨ徧Өĵҩһ渡ֳһɫĵƣȻһŷƷҩ
ܹƳƷҩ˵ͽԪϣѾﵽ½νʦˮƽ
ű̫ŵһЩʦҲ޷Ƴֵҩġ
һˣЩ͸паŷƷҩȴһĿʼЩҩ;
ʮȫ֮ķ̾һأ»ָҺҲǲܡ
˼֮󣬻ǿѹ˴ͷȲЩҩ׼ǻʯȻٹϣƵҩ
˵ĻֻҪκмĲۣ׬ѵʯӴԺҲõʯѷˡ
ͽԪҺʿѰ֮ֻҪһóҲҲġ
ȻΪݿԾÿǵҩȺͷù֮ʶԺͻƿӰ졣
ǻһͨߣҲķõҩ
мƶ㽫еҩ£ȡһöһεĽЩҩϤһն롣
ʱ䣬û뿪ǿʼϸĲڤķ
ϾҩʲôֻҪĻ
һº
ʶ֮Уɫĵ伮һ֮£㻯Ϊһźɢ
֮ʶ˳ȴ¶Ƶ飬üͷ
һΣ㻨һʱ󣬲Ž㷨ײ͸
չ伮أڤ㷨ѶȾҪԶԶʤǰ㡣
һ㹦ҪһЩѰ޳ɣڶ㹦ҲֻͨһЩ壬ǵ㹦ڵʱ򣬱Ҫһҷϴɾ硣
綴ȻԷ֮ˣĪĺôؼȻγɵġ
̫ŵ֮ҲֻɽѡĳĵƣĪͨ޽һ
ȻҪѵɹ׵֮࣬ԶԶԽѨҼҲֻŵӲʸʹá
ҷ֮ȻϴкܴĹЧǷҲһɸʴ֮кܴΣʱʴ󣬻Ī
Ըڤ伮˵ÿν綴ǰҪųϼӳֵһ˷ĺ󻼡
ЩȻ
һʹ֮˵õڤ̫ŵӣҲ޷˹߲㾳ġ
Ǵ˹̫еĸ߽׷֮ʱƵƴڡ
Ҫ޳ɵڤȳΪŵӲſɡô֮ʵڴнֱȥͨ
Ŀǰͨӿȣ;迼ͨͽڶܼɷ
ֻҪɾöܵĵʮؽƣ˶ܼɷΣȻʵˡ
ǰݡ澭Ѿ½½׼˲һؽҪĲϣʣµĲϣֻҪ໨ЩʯҲܴڷռ
һڱ֮£Ҫʯſɵġ
ϸ˼һ󣬵վſȥ
ʱ֮һڷڣһֳ֮һۣͨӡ

Ѿͨ׹ǾıһòϵҲһɫۡ
ŷȺĳ
Ȼüˣ֮ǰﶼͬŴ۶ľȻһ
ᳵ·ж֣ԱȽİֺϽȥΣӦвϵδⲻҪ鷳ɴѡܵԶһЩȥһЩǰδĵ̣ȽһЩġ
תһȦ󣬵߽һͨϵ֮С
̨һʮĺŮӣ΢֣мϸСȸߣòһ㡣
λѣҪЩʲô
֮бȽ壬ûпţŮӿ˽̺Цվ
»һۣŲߵ˹̨ǰ
λƹչҩ𣿡Цһ˵
ҩƽﵹҲչһЩģ֪ҪֵҩŮ۾һ漴ͷ
΢΢һЦһŴһ֮£ȡһεУǰ˹ȥ
ŮӽӹУ򿪺иǣֻöӨĵҩ棬һ߱ĵҩ֮Ʈ
ŮˣбһϲƾŨҩ㣬ⵤҩȿ϶͡
һӺʲô۾ʱ
ŮӾȵĿЩ
ƹǴ˵֪չô˵
ȻΪҩҪҩģ΢΢һ֮Ϥҩ˶һ۱ϳ
Һʿм棬ҼƣһϡȱƫŵҩȻչġŮһۣл֮ɫһࡣ
ֵĿ˺ŮһۣЩ΢΢ơ
һ̼չƷʱǿˣҲҪЩڣһԴ˺ɱЩǮŮſڱŵһһʮ˵˳֪Ǻ⡣
֪ŮҺڵľ磬ΪҲȻﵽƿ֮ҪԾĵҩէһﾪϲ֮£ʶȻֱ˵˳
ҲΪŮͲ󣬳ǸҲûɵԵʣǻһ֮ˣضˡ
Ȼˣƹ񿪸۸񣬺ʵĻ¾ˡָŹ̨п˵
Ůԣ¶ԥ飬Ƭ̣һ۸
һǧʯ
Ůӿһֲۣ۸ѾܸˣҪ֪һҺڵĵҩһ㶼ǧʯһŵġ
۸񣬳
ɣѵһǵ̣ŵҩ͸һǧʯɡŮӼˣ΢Ϊҧּһǧʯ
µıۣЦŵ˵ͷ
λѾеԤڸ˲١
ŮӼͬˣΪ֮һɣȡһ˹ϲ̵
ʶڲһɨȷʯĿ󣬱˵ͷһն


523 ɽ
λѣпɻУ綼꣬Уû˻ȱ˸ߵļǮˡŮĿƵĿڴ˵
ƹ˵ЦˣҲǷϴ󹦷Ū֣ΪҪʯ˵ʲôҲġϼһ¶ʹɫ
ԭˣСŮˡŮޣʧ֮ɫ
죬ԺеҩҪۣɾ꣬ضøʧصġŮֲ
ÿɷĵ˵ͷûٶ˵ʲôܿ͸뿪ˡ
ʱӰһǰ
ʱ֮ϵĵҩѾһŲʣˣȡ֮ʮʯ
ͽԪܻӭĳ̶ȣԶԤ֮ϡ
йǿŷƷҩʯľ˼۸
Ϊ˲Ҫ鷳Щҩڼ̳֣ÿĿţע⡣
ˣʵλЩԸΥ
չǿŷƷҩλϰĴϲ飬Լһ׷ʴ˵λʦƵļл˿̻дΪء
Ȼ൤ҩӽѾ̫ŷֱӳˡ
Ϊֻ֮ѡһƫԶУһע⣬ؿ֪ˡ
ȻĻһݺ󣬾еʯȫչҪϣԪϽԪ޾һʱû򵽣ֻա
һкһɽܱϸͼܿ췵˶֮С
ʮʱ䣬һƳʮлŵҩﵽ˷Ʒ
ЩҩϲˣҪʯıһ
漴óŴӷйĵͼϸо
Ϊ˽ʡʱ䣬ҪȥòҪ̫ԶǾ̫̫пע⣬ȻһΪìܵ顣
һϸǺһ취
СʱһȻſڣӰһ˵⡣
ḧһں󣬱һݵ˽ȥ
һͷܶ
֮У̧ͷʼϵ
һЩʯΪͨԭȻ޷У˷ǰΪ˹׵㡣
յ蹤ǰһԥľƣ׹һһһ֮С
ȥ̫ŵһ壬˽ȻֵͷֻۣӦöҺҵΪ
еһۣһʯ̨ϵһλִѯ˼仰󣬱㲻ɫת߳˴
һͬŵӷεĴ׳꣬Щ˼ԶȥӰ
ոտķӵȥźԶĲɽ
ѾϳּˣңԶҺĹҲֻİʯʶһֱʽ벻Ժͬž´
ҡҡͷ󣬺ܿ콫׵ԺĿһתֽ˼֮ˡ

պһ۵ڵһʹſڡ
һɽ֮УԵΪʮĶСӡ
ɫʮͷ˸žӨĸɫâдСÿһԶһƣд̫Ÿ
ÿһͷԣվһ׷εִ̫µӣʱ˴Щн
ôϣʹ磬˷Ϊ׳ۡ
ǵһ龰Щ졣
̫ΪĴ̫֮һڵĸʩ֮ӴȫԶԶڴССɿɱȵġ
ڴ֮ԹһȦܿҵһС͵Ĵͷ
λʦ֣Ҫôͷ𣿡ԱߵִµӿϵŵӷΣ¶һ˿Цݣʵ
˵ͷȡԼƣ΢һҡΣһССİ׹иֳҪȥĵص㡣
Ĵͷ̫ŵеֻҪһĹ׵㣬ʹãʱҪͣǿʹõġ
ִµӿϱصһۺ󣬵˵ͷȡһƣһɫ˷֮ϡ
߽˷֮УִµӼִһ
ͷʱɢһƬҫ۰׹⣬˵ĵ
Ӱһҡκ󣬱һʧ˷С
һ̣׹󣬵ٴοǰʱȻһĴ֮С
̫Ŵʹһ˵ҲɫʯɣСʮ
Ȼˣĸܵ˴ıУɢ
֮Уһ̫ŷεӣ֮һˡ
ҲɢҺڵϢȻ͹ֻ΢΢һͷɫʮ䵭
λʦ֣ƮԺӣʴ˵ؾɽжԶιȥ´ͷ󣬶ӱȭһʵ
ﴦ
΢΢ü¶һ˿ͷĻص
Ҳ⣬⣬ڵõ𰸺󣬶˵лһת߳ʯ
һ߳΢΢һ
ʯþ޽һΡɽΧһƬɽ͡
˵ɽ䣬ïȻ˵̣ɽҰȻҲɡ
ֵطˣ˭Ҳ䵭֮
ȻЩͬλǲ˵ִµˡ
ҡҡͷ󣬱ѡһڿȥˡ
պһƬСɽ
֮ǰϰ˲鿴˲йش˵صĵ伮ɽдһ֣ȷЩʵ
˴˾ɫ֮⣬Ŀ֮Կ˵һƬ󣬲ǳϡҲûĿغҩ
һ·˵ĳǳҲпǻ֮
ȻЩƣ˴Ϊλڣ׼˵
ʱһɽ֮ǰ
ɽ֮ϣʼƯһƝȻһ͵Ļɽڸס˺ķ羰
ĿԼԿӰӰ´µĽ
˰ɣ
૵һ󣬵һһŴͻ˸߿ձѿ
Ƭ̹ɽ֮һڵһȻһֻ޴ĺӥٸ
ӥϣվһµӣͽڵΪ
һ˶һۣһ˿䱸֮ɫͬʱһȭʵ֪ǰմұкιɣ
̫ŵӣ֮ݻᡣ˵
̫ţǰ̫ŵƾ֤ԣһԴ꣬æһ񣬹˵
뿪֮غΪ˱鷳̫ŵķΣ˿ֻһͨòҲƽƽ棬ѹǶ˻ɡ
ԣĿһδشʲôɽȴȻһ
̫ʹǰݵú
䣬һڿնԼվһĸߴߡ


524 ұ
Ƽǰ
վŵһߴߣϣȻǹڷʩ֮ˣһۣ漴һǸ˵ʹˣЩСʶǳªкð֮¡
޷֪޹֣ʸ¿ҿЩС£Ȼϣ΢΢һЦԵ
ʹĿ棬峤ߴɫһоȲѣһʱûǰ֮οݡ
΢΢һЦԶԷҺΪһҵѵĿжϲԷݡ
̫ŵݣǶԷȽӵ˽ȡϢò˵һ˽⣬Ļ׵̳ӭ
ӥϵӣŻֵ̿ļæǰ񣬲ڸߴߵķԸ£һɽбѶȥˡ
ʱɽĽһ󲨶һͨ
ʹȵһɡˣ˿к֮һһơ
Ҳûп˵ͷͨһƮȥ
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һҽУԴеӿȴǹЫڵ£Ȼβ㵯һ׵֡
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528 
̫أһе˿Դ߶⣬ȫĽΪעʩȫУԶǻɱȵġ
Ǵڶݹ⸽գ̶ܵͬȵӰ죬ǿпƤ˴˹һʩչһ̶ϻǹһġ
Ψһȱݣžʩչڹעһִţ̫ķˣڷ޷̫õġ
ֶһδҲ൱ڽԼ͵ǰˣʮòС
˵ԼֻﵽСɵĵزҪþϵʵս
ѻպȥйЩϣһЩҩ
һתɫСһն䣬뿪˶ȺƳƿնȥ
Ͻȡһռҩ뿪ţĳϿƿնȥ
ʱڣȡһЩѶͨ׵ҲߣȴԶŵֻÿȥĵطһҲ̫עСͷС
еĶʮöۺֹ˲ĸġ
Щ񣬶ʵѲڻڵ˵ȻѴ֮׾ٵ˳ˡ
ºһ죬̫ŷһҹģСĵ㣬һɫľ֮ϣһ˼ӡ
⼸գѾ̫ڷдССģδ˹Ķ̹˸飬ֻҪǷϻҪһɨա
ѾãȱһЩҲٴЩģĵѯʵġ
ϲǣƹ˵йȻʮöһʮöպ㹻ʣµЩƵҩ
λѾõˣҪ
ԼյĹһʮ꣬һɫˣһֻɫ¥Ľзǰ
ˡ󣬵ùУһġ
ϵĻɫһ󣬺иһ¶ʮöȭͷСɵĹʵ
Ѿö˵ϸϣִֻһɨ󣬱ȷЩȷҵĻ
һץһöǰϸĴһ󣬲СķŻ֮С
ЩȷƹЩһǮ̧ͷһˣʵ
һһʮöÿöǧʯһǧʯӺЦһ
ǧʯɫһһÿɷӡ
λѣҪʯɡˡðƺǵһɹˣ֪͹ٹƺֵҩҲǳչ൤ҩģгƷҩܿұۣ۸԰⡣Ϊˬĸ˸ۿۣЦʵ
ҲֻΪĳλʦΪչԭϣ֪Ҫֵҩüͷһ壬ȴʮһĻص
֮ڵʦҲʶ֪
ƹ¿ܹɲܶй¶λʦݡˣ»Ҫȸˡδ˵꣬㽫һգȡһװʯĲϣ΢΢һ󣬾ʹҴ¥뿪˵̡
ȻСĵĴзֱ˴ϣΪ⸽ֻŷвеԵʣʶڴ˴ãȻ˾Ҳ̫ۣѾ֮˵ע⡣
һƽϺ󣬱ԼԺڷ֮йҩˡ
ص֮ٴαչһ£ŽʣĲȫϡ
ʱУȻѾϰٿ֮࣬߿ŷƷҩһŵƷҩ
öӵƵĵƷĵҩһ
˿̵ѾҺƷҩļֵʶƷͿҵʯͨʮϡ
ƵҺҩͨҩ۸Ȳ࣬Ʒ֮ͨҺҩ۸ȴֻʯˣԶûƷļ۸ߣֻͨҩ۸ѡ
ʱ䣬ҲһⷻеĵУһλƹѯʵƷչ۸
ҲҺΪĵƹ񣬾ֵ̼һץס֣ԥĿʮʯۣһڵĺ
дв
Ҫæ˵ԼֻһʵĻ»޷뿪ġ
˴˷΢һ£֪ôһ¡
ԭʳҩ߷ߣΪҩù࣬ʶڶԶֵҩһҩԣԺͬ൤ҩ֮ͻƿĻЧͻȫûЧˡ
˵ҩԭͼƣƳƷĸ֮٣ĳ̶ֳ˵ͻƿǷûҲһָõͻƿҩ
֪жٶγĳƿδ߻壬ЩƫƷҩ֮ʣڷвϧչˡ
һƷŻͬͬƷҩ۵İĶࡣ
ƷҩһΪЧ׿һʮϡ٣ʶ۸ˮǴߣڷһ˼
ҲˣԽ֪Ʒҩ̫֪£ýҲǽȦҹͣ
Ȼ򲻿һˣ츣ŵ顣
һ˼󣬽ϵĵҩϤ֮С
ѾһҪĳռĴͷȥ
һ۵ҩۻԭϲɹȫ̫ɣͲκעˡ
˼ѱϣ뿪˶ٴƿնȥ
һΣһѡ󣬽ȡһش̫Ӱ
ǣĳƫԶͷе̣ʱΪһ꣬һڱɻصš
ԭԭλŵӣΪҪ뿪һʱ䣬һھͻ᷵أҪʱһŵӴΪܡ
Ϊ׵㲻࣬һʱϳȻһǰѾҳȴһֱ˽ȡ
һΪŵ񣬶ڵ˵ǡǡеı׼һʱҲ㹻ⷻɹϣͳ۵ҩһϵ飬׬һˡ
֮󣬵һִµӴһ֪ȥⳤбʹĳ봫ͷ;ͷ󣬷ɵڵķС
صĲϵȽһڵڶձ
ڶһ磬ɽһΪεɽ£һһһӺһ¡

˿컹՝⴦ƫƧ֮ص⴫ʹ
һȥɽһ߰ɸߵĿͨʯſֳ־޴ͷɫʯ񣬴ŽգұһƬããơ


529 
ǰϽƴһΡ
һʱһ˹ĻϣȻʯű΢΢һ󣬱㡰һĴˡ
һ߽ʯݣһִģķ˶ӣ˯˹
λʦܣнҲ湻ġ˶۾һ鲻Ըӣ˵
˼ŵʦϢˡҲǵһǰ⴫󣬴˷ǽҪȥСһ
ŶСɡ˶΢΢һ٣˫Ŀϸǰһۺ󣬱һתȥʯݺ󷽡
¶һ˿ɻ֮ɫҲû˵λ˶˽ȥ
еΪԾǣʯݺ󷽣һɽеƽ̨ƽ̨ĶСʮ
֮ǰͨȣڴ˴ȴδһˡ
Щഫ͵һЩƫԶĵطҪȥеĻ;пⲻ˻öഫͼεġ˶ӺٺһЦĸ͵
ԣɫĵͷ
㴫͹ȥ֮ǱȻпط֮ˣֻ֪ҪȥУԻͨĸд͡˶Ӽֶ䡣
лʦ֡˫һл
ˣȥǱ߽Ǹ󡣡˶ӳƽ̨һĵɫһָ
ԣ˵˹ȥ
һ̣ƷųһĿâµĴһƬԭʧˡ
λʦܾôˣȻȥе˶Щ졣Ҳѹֻ֣ЩŹ֮˲ܺ˴Ͻ˶һ󣬱ֻصʯк˯
ֻߴһǰһ֮󣬱һӳɽ֪һСɽ֮С
ǰԶȻдԼͷ
λʦ֣Ҫȥεأһֻʮ굱ǰ΢΢һʵ
ȥСޱĻص
еĻʦֵǰǸɫ֮ϡ
лֳлߵɫ֮С
ţһһٴԭʧ
Ĵκһ滨ݵɫɽ֮С
ɽתһȦ㷢֣̫ŵķֻһƵĴͷȴһ½½˴ӲͬдͶҴϢжϣҲһЩҺߡ
Щ˲δᣬһȺƣֱڿնߡ
һ·ϣĬĬĻ˳ǰ鿴˳еһЩϡ
˵еĵطΪλñȽ⣬̫źطʶڲ̫ŵĵ̣һЩֱӿ̣ͬΪĴ̫֮һĺȻԺҲУҲиߵ浤͵ͽڵڶླ֮˶С
סɽ볤вʮĵط
һ˼бˡ
һʮգڴԽһƬ̵ʯɽǰȻһƬĶĿƽء
ƽһǵС򣬲ԼԿݹڳзɽɳ
ֹһյĹ˷ǰԶİ֮С
ûֱ£ĿһɨĽڵδһ
ڷУ˵Ȼ޴֮Ϊڡ
һʮĶССͺǱ߰һɫΧǽΧ
޽ĸָ߰һĽ
һ˼󣬱ڶԼķһȥ˽ȥֱ̫ڶȥ
ûжã棬һҹšҵС
ڴ˵̶¥Уһ˿΢Цĺһĸ߸ݵӽ̸ʲô
ʦˣڴ˿ɵȺʱˡʵҼмҪȥһʼҲҡֱǰյϢ˵ʦԸʱ棬ʵ˽ȼü֮ĸ֮꣬˵
ˣȻ˼䡣
ˣ֪ʦôƺͷٺһʵ
ƮԺ΢Ц˵
ԭʦܣ¼֮Ѿˣ̾Ҫһ˳ɻԲᳬһꡣҶƹʦǰҲ̫ŵӣ˴һЩˣ֪ˡߴﹾ˵һѣ¶һ֮ɫ
һ˼󣬱˵ͷ
ǱлʦˣͰɡ˴ϲлһ󣬽ŴȡԼơ
״ҲȡԼڣǰһ١
굥һģһɫһû֮С
ִ䴢ȡһӵݸ˹ȥһ˵
ӹӣһĬһʶɨȷ󣬱˴С
ͿˣлʦܡƺظĴһϲɫ˵
ʦֲ˿֮һնˡ
˼֮£ƽҶƹģһ¥̨λǡʦܽ󵫷ʲôĵطѯһҴǰҲˡ⣬ⳤ֮У˺ͺȻԺ˶ʦмǡ
˵գֳһ󣬱˳ĸ뿪ֱ¥߳˵̴ţȥ
ڴ̨߾վƬ̺󣬱һת߳
ǰҪԸСȥһվڲԶһ̴ڵ˹Сĵʵ
ƹͼλʦɣЩҪ˵һ¡Ըһֻصż֮С
õģСȥ̴ӴӦһתȥˡ
һᣬһ⡱¥Ĵ
֮һ׽̣Ĵ׳Ⱥ¥ݿڴֱڵĿ
֮⣬ûˣĻ̴Ӷ֪ȤԶԶܿˡ
Ҷƹ񣬻λʦɡһſڣʹƽ͵
˶һۺ󣬻̱ƿ˷Ŵ˽
ڷڵһϣϴ΢΢Цһ
ʹˡҶƹԥһ£ǰһ
ôӳһ£Ҳżһ
λѲ˿ԺҵȿҪһʱˡվʮֿ˵
ҶƹԼʦǶ̫ŵͨӡΪʹˣŵԾԶУȢӣ̫Ŵ⡣
̫֮ʵƽܶʵõֲͨԸԼ֮ˣô
ֵӣһ˵һʱû⹱׺󣬾ͻͨϻȥ̫һָϵΧˡ
ӶҺڵΪҶƹȴֻͽڵʵʵʤƹְ֮ȻҲ㹻ˡ
ǰ;ԶŵӣȻֵʮֹ


530 
λѾ˵ˣʦҪҪʱ뿪һ꣬ʱ±ʱƮԺλֱӽɡ¶Ծ֮һϲͨƽ⻹ǰмλһȫճɣ䶯ˣ΢΢һЦ󣬼˵
ʹô˵Ժ飬ҪʹģҵȻᾡȥġҶƹ񵱼ǰǺһЦ˵
ʦ˴˻ɫһɡ
λʱӿһ֮ˣϲ£ǰһ
Ǽٽ̸˼ҶƹӻصԼԴĴϤһ°
ոսʱҲֻǴִһƳʱλƹĴ첢Ľ˵£Ȼ԰һµʶ
һ¥ǵ̵棬൱ĹӴһŵĻܺ͹̨ϰһЩʯȵȡ
¥ǸżһרŽӴһЩͻǽһЩ˽ܽףõķǳŴ󷽡
ż䶼̫ŵĸƣǻǿߴҲ޷̽鵽ֺ
¥طСĶ࣬ӵӴľҡ
һ¥Ժ̨ϰڷŵķǹֱƵġ
ûйľ飬˿Ҳʵһ۽硣
ҶƹɫصĽ˰ĵңµҷԲɴСһ˶ߣǽں͵õĲһɫʯĿʯӲȼߣиʶ̽á
мһСԲη΢΢Ű׹⡣
ڵԶ봫Ѷ󣿡ɫһЩȻ˵
ǣĴѶֱͨŵִµһд·ʹô˷ϱšҶƹ֣ص˵
Ź涨ֻӲʸܶõģʹӦѾｻʹ˰ѡ
һӣʵ̫ڴһݵ㣬ν̫ŵĵ̣ʵֻһЩŵӻԼġ
ⳤǼĺϽ֮أ֮ϽֶģӣƽʱҪҲǴ̫һãһʵǿ֮ˡ
ֵȷѾˡͷĻص
˱ܿ뿪ң¥ľ֮С
⹲䣬õķǳ򵥣һһźľӣͬʵصΣмһԷ滹һҡ
ȻҲͬĽƷڴ֮ʱᱻ˴š
´һ󣬶Դ˵صĻҲȽ⡣
Ҷƹæȥɡ£ôﴫѶҡ»ǳĴУȥĴúתһתϤ»ȡһɫԲ̣Ҷƹ
Ҷƹһ˼󣬱ڴӦ
ԺһЩƮȻ߳˰
Ҷƹ˽⵽Щ̫ŵһû˸ڴ˴£ʶƽҲ÷ǵôڵеġ
û߳ԶתһƫƧ֮׹ǾȫһžȻθ࣬ͬʱȫһ󣬱һĿĺ󺺡
ŴѧĹЩѾײ͸ڤܸıͣĹԼɫҲһЩ򵥵ױһò
ٴ߽˷е֮УĴϹ
вǴ͵ķУֵԵĵ̣ǹģԶԶǰȥļСͷС
ŲйʿҲܶ࣬ﲻڸԽ̣ҲԽƵ
ĴתһȦ߽һҿйģĵ̡
ҵڱҩ϶гۡ
һᣬ˳ϵȻƽȴһ˿˷֮ɫ
ո沢ûʲôڵҩ̨Դһ¸ֵҩļ۸
ϣⳤҲǷǳϡȱĵҩ۸Ҳʮֲơ
ֿĺƹ֮˴һչ۸񣬸ϲķ֣ƹļ۸ǰļлҪ߳һӡ
ȥʱ䣬ȥ̣һ֮£õĽ޼
⣬ڹ˼Ҳ̺󣬷ⳤпǴڼ֮ԵʣҲΪȫҪĴ󲿷ԭϺױչóһֵҩԪҲС
ΨһȽźıǣҵеݶڰңЩˡ
һЩ¾ɵĸ¥֮С
ϵƹһλ׷ԲԵ̣´һĺ󺺣һ˿ֵʵ
ǣ֪µпУ˵ͷʵ
ˡϷªţõĵɢЩҩݵѾ㹻ˣҪϵкôƹѩ׵ĺʵ
һ˵ȴֻЦ
̺ܿɿһЩεϷˣҪϣϷСûеģ²ϱȥҿǱߵӦ
̣΢΢һ漴ȭл󣬱ת߳˵̡
䰴λƹ̵ָ㣬ܿ˷ϱߣܿ췢˼Ľ
һ̴ΪһЩʯ޽ͬЩȴһֺľͷ沼ϸĴ˿ˡ
ѡһĶ¥Ų˽ȥ
˵̺Ȼһիҡ
˵̵󿪼䣬ڷ֮Һ㲻Сֳͬ򣬹̨ϵҩݵҲһӦȫ
Щ̨涼վżɫСˣһüĿ㣬ݰס
Ǵͨнһ壬òͨ޼ΨһȽԵⲿ˼ʱӱ¶һ污ޱȵᡣ
⣬ЩӾ΢ЩȴԶͨࡣ
ûпЩСǲˣܿջĿ⣬һ̨˹ȥ
ڿ̨ʱ۾һ㲻ɫ˹ȥ
̨ϰڷŵĶһЩȭͷСĻԲɫӣȻ
ЩʵոͷСֱڿľ飬ұߵһЩͷϴģӾİӣ
ѿҪ̨Сˣ¶Цݵ˵
ЩģûϿڣϸһ󣬲̧ͷ
ݣһ꣬꣬꣬İĲͬ򣬼ǮȻҲǲһġһһǧʯǧʯǧʯİһǧʯһšСĻش
ͷ۸ǱȽϺġ
ڷתһȦˣܿϻ벻ﵹв١˵
ǰǵһаɣСĻû̻ش𣬵ʵ
˵ͷ
ǰҲΪˡ;㷺ҲдֲġС¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ͵


531 
֪ҩΪ̣Խ࣬ԽԳɻܶʿֲֻһЩһģ벻УȻİ°ͣЩ̾˵
ǰ֪ĻȻ⣬ڵɽ⣬ʺϴֲԹһֱֲҩ˲طЩİĻļƷҲǧһǷڷһһεϵġС˵ЩʱЩԺ֮⡣
ǧһԣһ
Ҫ֪ԭһ;ҩģǴﵽǧĻƷˡ
оɽȻҪطǰҪһ㶼Ա֤һĹС˵
ˣ̼Ȼд𣿡ƺ뵽ʲôʵ
ֵҩȻΪϣûƴ˵ʦûд˵ҩ۵ġС˲˼˵
ôڳҲ൱ϡȱ¼ڸ߼չ˵ҩȻǧʯһöĸ߼ۡԣ̾˿˵
Ƽѣе̳궼ּ۸չģҲˣϧһֱ˳ֵҩʹ۸ڸߵ㣬ҲͬյġСЦ˵
ԣͷȻἱڴ˳۵ҩһƮȻ뿪ˡ
ûϻذ󣬶ǼһЩ͵йһܷһЩ˵Ķ
еشڼĽ磬⻹ûʶȷͨûеϡ֮
һ·ջࡣ
Сʱ󣬵һҷ̳ʱ϶˼¹÷ĿһɨԱһ޵̡
˹Ы­ʶ赹ûжȤҲûиྫȥֱӺӵһ
·ſڣȴȻһΥ
㣬㵽ǰҵȥҸܵһħϢȻ޲T
ħⲻ̫ܰɣп浤ʿûֵܲᷢġ
һʶҲص
֪ʲôһ˿ħ֮ʲôڱסˣһ˸޷ӦġҲǽ֮ȷڵġˣĪ˵ķϻϿȥｫǺħ֮Ķҳδ˵꣬޲Tͷ
˸ۣ޲TĻֲ治תŽ˵֮С
̲ƺֻһһԺˡ
ǰڷһЩӣ滿һЩС͵ޣԺһ˿֮ӦһЩΪ͵ޡ
߽ǰȻѾ۵ߺһݸ̸Щʲǫ̂ϰʮУѾˣƺװһЩ֪ѡ
˽ݸ˸һ˹
λѣҪޣССޣͽڵҺڵĸ޶г۵ġ
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ݸߵԣЩʧ˵ͷ󣬺ܿ߹ȥкǰ˿͡
ʿһʮ꣬ͷЩ֮Сһ˺ᣬֻжʮͷüޣòʮӢ
۴Ŵ绹̬ȣ˵ʿ˵ǷīģͶ֮䣬һ֮С
߽ŵɨһ֮󣬱㲻ļѡеĶ
Զ˶̬ȣ´˸ϵĶ󣬱ڰ޲Tʾɫĺߵ̨ϣĽڱϵһõϸۿ
֮һöָСɫѣϱ鲼һЩɫߵ㣬ͨ
ʱҲһżСѣݸߵּۻʲô
ˣļʶǿģһšϸогѣ޲Tִ˹
һŴ˳ѣֱݸߵһҪˣ֪ʯ
ǧʯݸԣعͷһƳ֮£Ͳ˼ı˼۸
һּۻۺʯļ۸񣬽öνɴ֮
龰һԵƳһۣƺԸ佻ΪЩ͡
ͬʱ޲Tʾ£һ˿ڤֳ̺֮Ļע֮С
ˡһ
΢һ£ϵĺڵɢ˵ĺڹ⣬ֻһţܿȥ
ɫһϲոպڹ˲䣬ͽʶͬ棬Ҳȷʵ˲оһ˿ϤıϢ
ȷʵħ֮ɣ
ڴʱǸɫһתͷ˹Ŀϵɫ֮ϣһ˿ɻ
ĵ˵ͷѷŻ֮Уתȥ
λߡĿһȻһΣǰ
кιɣˣ΢΢һ
ϵöɴ֮ѣԸʯ¡ֿһۺ󣬻˵
һԵӢҲȵĿһۣ´һƺЩĪͷԡ
Ǹ²Ȼҡͷܾ
üͷһ壬֮ɫһţϵ¶һ˿ϢȻǻڵѹ
ʯ˵
Цһѹ˿Ϊ
ڵʿöˣС׽绹նɱͬΪڵĻں㾫ϵѹ
ǽҺںͽþǰԻڻмּɵ֮⣬ˡ
Ѿ˵ˣѲġһڻؾ
ԣɫʱЩѿˡ
²Ҫʶô֪ҶǺȻԺˣʦԺִ¡˳ѣոֻǻʯ˰ɣתۼ׬ʯʲôġԱߵȻв֪ԵҪӼչ֮Գݣ֮в֮ԡ
ŶԭǺȻԺĵѣһᡣһһ۶ϵۣüͷ΢΢
һΣʮʯѸҰɡˣޱ˵һ䡣
ԣɫº󣬺ȻٺһͻҲ˵һһԱƮȻ뿪˵̣һȻԺ֮ˡ
ȻԺͷ˿ܻ˼һΪ̫ŵӣȻҲġ
ڣЩ࣬˫Ѿס
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˴һʯȻһʿҲǴΪĶġ
һߣ뿪̺󣬱Ѹ֮Уڷмй
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ѹȻɴѣϹŽǰʮɻʶϸѡ˳Ѳ֪Եʣȴħ֮ۻˣѾĳϵħ֮ѣֺڵ㣬ͨɴһ㣬ΪմȾħԵʣŵһֱ޷
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˳׳棬ʵ΢˵û˿սҲֻһ츳Ǿǿĸ֮˵ľСҪʱٴ͸ȻԺһٶȵĻָĵľ֮˵õһʶ棬˲ɽԼһˡָٶҲǳ˵һϡϾʹ˳ͬʱָĵľ޲ŢͷһޱĽ͵
󣬶ʱĿɿڴˡ
޲TȻ˵赭д⻯ʶҲδ̫ˡ
˲˵˴˳棬Ҫ˵ƽмЪԴ̺ʩչһЩûʶľĽħͫĻþУõĺôʮ־ˡ
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вһݣһתһֱʵ޲Tǰǰ䲻֪Ϊδ˷ȴһ̬ȣħ֮ĳѣѷ
˵¹ֺġҲͬˣҿԽ˳ӦһС޲Tɫ΢ĿһĻ˵
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Ϊ˲֮裬ʶʱ򣬱뽫˳ؿռУͣȡ侫ϲСΪ˳һ󣬾Ϳɸ˫ľĲȻҲɲϴӻʶ֮мȡħ֮޲ӡ֮޲T˵
ǰԴӦȻһ˿ɫɿת󣬾һڴӦ
޲TԵͷҲ¶֮ɫ
ǰ»һǡ⻯ʶȻ̺ħ֮Я᲻ᱻ֮ʿʶơüһٴʵ
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޲TһŹֵķһָϵĺɫħʱ£
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ѽ֮˳ϵħ֮ߣֻʱ֮ƣöú˳ֻٲħ֮ڴڼ佫ѷɳ档⣬˳ѴϹŵʱһֱʼ˯䱾ѾˣҪ˳ԪҪѰһЩѪһС
޲Tֽһ֮󣬵һףͽѻȻ򵥾ͳȥħ֮


533 ǧ̻
һץɫѱС
ʱϵĺڵѾʧӰ١
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ˣֻܿЦһִҲǵһˡ
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Щ죬ȥĵڣûпƶ۵ġ
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ڣÿһпվͻ뿪̣дССиȤĵ̶һ顣

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λһ۵ĸߴһڴ࣬ɢϢҺڵΪ
ſڸ߹ҵľ޴Ҷϣǧ̻ᡱĸɫ֣͵ӳ·ĿĽ⣬Ե÷ۣʱһЩ˴ӴŽַΣŲ֮ˡ
˴ǳڡ
һĹߣһһɫ۵鿴Ĺ档
ĸ֮󡭡
ӵһ󣬱תȥ
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λ̨½׿ǧ̻ڴ˴еĸ֮һ֪γƺʱһ㣬ʮģǳɫ۵꣬Ӵ˳ǳĽסӡ
׿ˡҶһɢޡԣתʵ
ԭҶѣǵһУضǧ̻᲻Ǻ˽⡣ǧˣʵɽǧҴСһ̻Ṳͬɵˣ˵̻Χ󣬵ǧ̻ṲͬɵˣȻҺĴ̫ڣ˴ȻȣҲһϯ֮صġ껺͵
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ᣬνƣֻ㹻ʯμӡǵЩʲôҪģҲеļ֮ˡ֮ͨ󣬱ɲμҽ³֮󣬱ֻȡһɵӶ𡣡ٺһЦ˵
л׿֣»ҪȥЩϣиǣĸº󶨵ǰμӡ˫һ󣬾תȥһʧ˷нͷ
һ˿ɫĿȥ󣬵Ҳתӣ߽д֮С
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ǶʣµļöƷҩδȴûá
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ǽϵķеĸϽƣԸһоΪٸҲ޷̽ڷֺģһԷġڸ֮ǰǷǼǰĳͷԵһƹºûñ˽һõȲ裬Цӯӯ˵
áԣͷ˵
衣ӽһţһУҵĴŻϡ
ˣڿԽҪʲôϣ⣬ʲôҩȡأº΢΢һЦʵ
ԣȡһֻɫзϡ
ҪһЩϻʲôҩнƹһ֪ƵǰԹԵĶ豭һڲ衣
ֽӹУĵһģһ򿪣һʱ¶߿ĵҩ

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ӺŽŻУּһŴ
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иƷĵҩҲδزصǧԽЩе˵


534 д
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ԵƬ̡ŷЩʧ̬ˣһЦ󣬵иϣ߳ҡ
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ǣԸȥƹһֶ˵ͷ󣬾Ϳ첽˳ȥ

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֮ǰ˴ţ˵һ֮չöһǼ亱ķƷҩеļϿҩ֮󣬶Դʮӣ賤ϸڳϻϿһ˵֮һ͸òٸ̶ҵһϣһһ䣬֣Ƕǡ
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ˣӦñˡһγֵ࣬ҲǵһЩƹ˵ţȡС
пƷĵҩòٸùһУʮŹԲɢһŨҩ㡣
ȴûˣЩͨƷʵĵҩƹЦһ˵
òٸ϶ʱ¶ʧ飬һϸᣬ˵ЩҩľҲͣԶѰҺڵҩ֮ϣһλʦ
ǣ˴չĶʮöǾ߳ɵͨҩƷҲһ֮ңˡƹ˵
ǰνӴ֮ˣд˱λʦϢòٸУ΢һʵ
˿ڷϣ۵ҩǳĽڲᵤҩҲմˣԲҶʡƹҡͷЦ
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ϵһ£賤ر´δһҪǷеƷҩ䱳λʦܷƳƷ
һ˲Ը˵ǱƵ̫᲻λʦƹЩǵ˵
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ǣ֪ˡƹȻ


535 
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һƷҲһƷȡħѪƶɣֻħ֮ʮؽƣ׼۰ʮʯÿμӼ۲򡣡̨֮һ̣֮ƽһӣȹǽףȴڣһɫͷ
һĬȻһƷȴǼħ
ʮʯ׾껰䣬̱˳ۡ
ʮ򣡡˵һʿһ֮ɫаһѰ׹ȨȣһǸаʿ
ʮ򣡡˼˼ۡ
ʮ򣡡֮˺һƺԴ־ڱصá
ʮ򣡡
һ򣡡֮ƺЩͷֱӰѼǮͻ˰ء
һƷֵһڰʮһ֮䣬һЩ⹦ЧıһЧȻû
һһʮ򣡡εȴǴĹдģֱӾͼʮȥ
᳡Դ΢΢һ׷׿˹ȥ
ϧн󷨣ʶ޷͸ֺ


540 Ƿ
֮ˣʵһʮꡣ
˿ڶĳ֮УֳһӣòŮްԣʱߴ硣
ǸĴԾһ׵һ㣬վһԡ
һһʮ򣡡Ӻݺݵĵ˰᷽һۣӼۡ
һٶʮ򣡡¶һ˿Цžһӡ
һʮ򣡡ԣҧҧ˵
᳡˴ʱ󶼱ſϷ̬۸ȻѾڶˡ
һʮ򡣡ںּʮȥ
ԣһҧгݹջһŭλϡ
һʮļ۸񣬱
ͱүǲ֮У꿴Էʵ飬ƺܣ˸ָЦ
үƷһ㣬ƺֵۡ󺺺Ŀ˵ɳƣ·ƬĦһ㡣
ǲֵħѪƳɵģûȥټػѪƣֵܷһ껩һִӣŷ磬ԵòŮ
󺺳Ĭһ£ƺ˵ˣƬٴοڵŸոտʼĺöں棬үЩʯεᣬ˲ٴ
ģзִ硣국
ĳ֮УһʳŮĳڰᴦһۣһ˿漴ܿջĿ⣬ŪϵĽɫС
˿̵᳡֮Уڴǰһħһʮļ۸մﵽһС߳˽۷׷ס
׾Ц棬Ϊϣֶƴ۵ΪˣһͨĻһߵļλ
ʱһƷȻһɫĵ伮
һƷǻϵܲҺһֱ޵۷һھ׼ʮʯÿμӼ۲ǧ
ⲿڳһҲǰһλպĻʿ޵ıǴ˹
׾һĽܺ󣬵Ҳвʿ־ۣձһҺʿԶʮһʯļ۸
ؼֶȻȤֻ΢΢һƳһԶ
У½Ʒзɵɲ棬һƷ£ԼƷ¯ȵȡ
ЩƷĳʮʯļ۸񣬻᳡ս
һǱгѹ֮Ԫ䡯һλ浤޵ıĵáⱾ伮֮¾Ͳ˵ˡ׼һʯÿμӼ۲򡣡
׾˵ţ̨ϵĺ첼¶һɫװ鼮Ͼɵķдĸ׭
᳡˶ʱ̨ϵĵ伮׷СĹУһЩҲ¶רע顣
浤Ľĵã
ˣҲȻĶ
Ȼ޵̫浤޵ĵã֮պУοֵ֮󣬱㲻Զˡ
ڴ˿̣Ѿڳˡ
һʯ
һһʮ򣡡

ڳˣⱾĶĲ٣һʼӼ۶ǽҶһ¥Ŀھۣȴһʱû
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һٰʮ򣡡֮У˫ֳס̨һȤӣ˿Ҳһۡ
̾˿ûмӼۡ
᳡һʱһٰʮʯѾĸóˣֻһЩŲõó
һѹˣʱԵ
򣡡һͻأ˹ȻǴĳġ
һڳ˶ʱһƬȻ
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浤ǿߣﶼǿˣڳҲǸ߲ˡ
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еλѳ۶ûг۸ߵģûаⱾԪλˡ᳡룬׾ʵ
Ƭ̣˽˷ȴȻû˺ˡ
˵̨棬˽Ĺ
ˣЦһЩźĿһŮǰ̶ȥܿ͵Ǹ֮С
ƷһźҺڵҩǶŵҩ
Уʱ䣬Ὺʼ½óһЩ鵤Ͻ
ЩȻǰԪһЩƷֵǮǾ֮Ȼ֮ͣһЩСҺɢ֮ˣ֮ʽ
ʱҲϸעÿһƷ
ƣǷӦҲҪˡ
ڣһоһɢʮʯºһŮֶһСС͸С
ƺһСѰɫķĩ˿֮
Ǵһ֣ʱǰһ
ȻѰʱľǷۣ
һƷһʮֺϡǷۡظλ֪Ʒ֮ʱҪõٸϣǷǹ㷺Ӧõһ֡
׾˻˻᳡һԾԾԵӣһ˿֮ɫм˵ҪƷεĵܴᡣڿʼۣ׼ʮʯÿμӼ۲һ򡣡
׾˺ܶ˵
ʮʯһɢģ̺˼۸
ʮ򣡡˵һͷҵŮޡ
ʮ򣡡ɢüͷһ壬̼Ӽۡ
ʮ򣡡ǸŮЦһһ¼
ɢӺݺݵĵŮһۣȴûټӼۡ
Ů޶µӹһ˿ɫ
ʮʯ
䴦ȴһ
ŮŭĿһۣһʮʯ
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˵⻰Ĳһ¥᳡֮Уһͷ߰׵ߡ
ͷҵŮüͷһ壬һۣƺʶ˼ɣûгԶײ
ǲȫ¥ʦԴʦ𣿡
ԴʦʦѹֻôߵļǮ
ѵƷΣ
ϵô˵ģʱȻС


541 ħŷ
ǷۣмҲʮңＫΪһʮһʯЩ̫ˣһƷļ۸
Դʦһʯбߵļλ𣿡׾һϲɫĺ
һһʮʯɫĺһ䡣
᳡˴󶼲ŵĿ˿ʼҡͷ
һٶʮʯλѣϷдãϷһӡת׿һۣüͷһܵ˵
𣬵ϧҲ־ڱصã˵ֻкʹʦһˡһʮʯÿɷ˵һʮʯ
һƬȻ˶óԾĿ⿴
ҲͬĿһ˿֮ɫȴŻλҲûټӼۡ
ȻңҲԸԶļ۸ȥһϡ
λѳһʮʯиߵ𣿡׾ȴдϲĿٴλȫͣƬ̡
ôݾǷ۱λС˿ûٳ۵˼׾κİ
ˣŰ˿
ȻҪ˼Ӽۣ϶ȥ滨˶ʯĻȻҲˡ
һᣬ̴˹˻᳡һСãһŮһ̣Ƿ˹
ˬĸʯϸ˿Ȼ͵伮ϼصһҲǳ֮ߡ
˵ͷֽ֮պãֺܿ췵˻᳡
һμҪĿıˡ
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ʱֵƷȴһЩҺڣõĵҩҲһЩѱõĳޡ
һֻΪ⣬ڶѰĵرһֻѰ
ϧû죬㱻һŮʮʯĸ߼ߣЩ
ֹһٷһԵӺȻߵ̨ϣһ֣ȴһУһ򿪣ȻĸɫԲ飬̨ϡ
ȻһΣٴλص˸̨¡
׾ˣһ˵λôҾõˡ潫ҪеģǱѹᱦʱ䣬һͷܼʿ
׾˵ţץһöԲһףʱɫϼһ̨϶һߵĽ׿ܣſдʣԴ˿һ㡣
ֻһɫĴзһû˽׿ܵüĴ
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׿ܴһӰһֻص˰׾ԡ
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᳡֮УʿΣ¶˺Ȼ֮ɫʵ֮ǿ˿֮
λͷܳĴ̫֮һ칤ڡҲˣܼʿÿһͷҺڵǿʵٶȸǿѸףѾȫ˷˿ܼʿٶ۵ȱ㡣ѵõǣͷʿ֮£ܲһ󷨣ԺͻڵʿԿ˿·硣׾˳ϵľδˣ׳һ˵ǡ
µʿԣѾ¶־ϲɫ
ҪٿͷܣĵľҲǷǳˣԶһĿ֮ʶλѿС汨ۿʼͷܼʿ׼ʯÿμӼ۲ʮ򣡡׾˻һ䣬ʼ
׼ʯ
֣һ١
һʿ˵һҲһһóôʯ
һЩСɣҪóʯҲҵٶС
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ʮ򣡡ȴǰ꣬ȻһԵʹ˸ɫ漴ͷǰ
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һ̣ϿյĺȻһɷʵʵѹʱ֮һѹȥ
ͬʱŮԵȴЦһһκ󣬾ȻڰϿգͬʱһʱϹԨƺϢ
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Ӵѹ͵ײһռȻһ᳡֮Ϊв֮ˣʱѹһ֮£ЩϢĸо
ˣ˫ĿһУƾǿһķҲû̫ܵӰ졣
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̨֮󣬴ӿʼڶƻ˯İüߣȻһ˿
λԲϽֶֻһξ棬ٷλ볡ü߻ϸ˵еľζȴ˭ó
ϣˡŮһ
һϵϢ
һߵİףҲȥ
ףȻ˴еŷҹλСĻʦһһ֮УȻԺȻĿϣȴ¶Ծɫ
ħڣŷң벻ҲСط֡һԵҡҡͷЩƵ˵
ִΣ⵹ǲôֵġͻжԣôĶ۵ġϾһպȴЦһ˵
ǧ˻治СȻܸ㵽ڵĿܼʿʦ壬׿˾ǲǾһ£ȤǱ̨ϵĿܼʿסĿ⡣
ˣ׿ܼ۸̫ˣ˵̫ʵõģ˰ɡ


542 
һ¼ʹ᳡һʱЩüߴʱٶȻָһģ·ǰʲôҲûзһ㡣
ȣλѳٰʮʯ׿ܼʿ֪г۸֮ˣ׾¼ƽϢæˡ
򣡡еĿ˸̨ϵİüһۣٴα۵
ʮ򣡡еŮʾ
ˣвɿЦһʵʵıտڲˡ
ȥ壬ϵʯҲѲˡ
ҳİʯ׿ܼʿҪˣЦһ˵
ʱ᳡Ѿûټ뾺ˣ𾪵ĳᣬ̾ľ˲
İʮ򣡡ŮȻ˵Իᡣ
򣡡һվһ˵ۣޱȡ
һߣŮ΢΢ףƺڿʲô£Цһ˳ۡ
գ׿ܼʿʯļǮ
һͣٹ󣬰׾곯һԵ˸ơ
΢΢˵ͷȡһ½Уһ󣬺ȻһöСɵĺָС
λ֮мʶ㲩֮ˣѾϳ˴ڶѹƷöֽ䡣ڵĴռʮɴСɳƵǴеƷ׼һʯÿμӼ۲򡣡׾꽫һ󣬱Ŀʼ
䣬ʱһ˽Ȼ˶öָ֮
Ҫ֪½ʹõĴ߻ԴΪ
ռСһ㶼ɴС΢ЩĶ޷ţҼӳϵĽƴʱޡ
һĴ﷨ҪôӴҪôռ󶼻索󣬹ʶҲͷӵܣſӵһռϴֱЯĴߡ
ӺõݣҲɴСѣˣȴҲǼɵõıˡ
ССһöֽ䣬ȴʮɴռ䣬ȻһʿҪˡ
һʯĸ߼ۣҲ׶Ͼ˴󲿷˵˼
Ÿ̨ϵľָҲһȻĶ
һӣϣ㳣ôЩ㣬ÿλҪѲʱзıǰָȴҪġ
һһʮʯ֮չ黹еģܿ˱˵һ۸
һٶʮ򣡡
һٶʮ򣡡
һʮ򣡡

˽һĹѾѼ۸̧һ൱ߵλá
Щ֮ˣʿж¥ĹмۣУƺҲرϡ֮
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лʦ壡⻰ɫһϲĵͷӦʡ
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ѹƷӦûһɣֽʵ
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˵ͷ漴뿪䣬᳡ȥ
ѹһƷ˵϶Ǳ֮
ĪıﾹǡǰڷĴţһ²

ڵһ̨֮ϰ׾˶ʱһǰЦӯӯʱɫԵҲһ֣֮ɫ
мǸ浤İüߴ˿ҲֱӣһĻ˯ӣɫޱȡ
һҲǱδһѹƷڳĸλǰӦҲһЩ׾˵ţ˵˵ͷ
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Св΢΢һͨ嶼Ǳ̵ɫǺֲƣɢһĵâ治ʱԳϸСķѣɫǶһöε䣬ʮֵء
˴߶СȻ·һֻݷһ΢΢ѣԵʮ㡣
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˵Ϳʼˣ׼İʯÿμӼ۲ʮ򡣡׾Ŀһɨ֮£Ȼʮֳ˵ķӦʧʱĴ
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İʮ򣡡һ˸ȴһɢģ꣬һҧгģ·ȫȫѺϵ顣


543 Ѫ
˴һۣ֪˸˿ϣûУⳡۻոտʼûۺ񵽼ĲǸɹġ
ԼɫƽڵİʯСһ߽Ƕ˿̻Ȩһ֡
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ȴȻԴڱصãԵȵ߼ʱټ뾺ˡ
ʮ򣡡һ֪ʿ͵غһ߼ۺôˣʱ
ѪȻ󣬲ҲʮΣ۸Ѿܸˡ
ʮʯһ֣һλ
ٰʮ򣡡ԣɫһ䣬ԥһ»ǳѹ
򣡡޸飬ʾ˱صõľġ
ʿɫһӳλپȥѾԶԶԤ㣬ɫһ任󣬵Ϸˡ
֮УŮȤĿһۣ¶һ˿Цݡ
ʮѪ۸⣬һ㹻ʯȥȡˡ
ܿ죬׾
ΧһƬ֮
ǰڴУѾĵǼֵ֮᳡Ѿ⵽
ξĵ֣ʱв˿˹š
Ҽǵ÷žǸָɡ
˻ǸУǰѾİʯ˰ɣȻиȥѪ
ĸ֮ˣô¥İȥ
Χۣδһ㡣
ʱ̴˹ȥ
ѪȻѾ̨֮İ׾ôҪʱĳϺڹһٴһ֣һתȡһ˵ҼʯҲЩ㣬׾һ
Ҫ߳϶عͷһۣǰ·̴ע⵽Ŀ⣬̹ɵ˵ǰǲҪһһٽʯҲɡ
ˣ߰ɡܿջĿ⣬óԼһħԴȻûжȤ
һС֮УһҺڵĺٸ棬ֱߵڷǸ«װС«ɫҺ塣
̤˽ٸһۺ۾һֱں«ϡ
λѣɷ¿Ѫûзϻֱ˵Ŀڵ
ѼȻȻԡٸ΢΢һ㶣ȻһЦԵ
˵ͷٸԱߵСĵ«ӣϸϸһϢһŨĸϢ˱Ƕĵ˵ͷ
ѪӸϺֽŻϡ
Ǳ᳤̻ԼģոյӦѵŲٸ΢΢һü˵
СһЩûдˣȻûǾͿʼɡ΢΢һЦ˵
˵ţһֵȡһƤһУн˵һʯһЩҩû㹻ʯõȼ۵ƷֻˣӦûɣ
ĹȻǿԵġƷֻչȻм΢Щġٸĺһ˵Ի̬Ϊӣ䵭ĵͷ
΢΢һЦû˵ʲôһ㽫ƤϣȶԷ


544 
ٸ״ǼһǸƤȷһöƷʯ漴ǸУиһİڷĿĵҩ
ǡȫǵƷĵҩٸΪȻҲ׿мʶ֮ˣһϱϳⵤҩ
Щ̵ҩ֮ϣÿһԵĵƣɢƢ㣬ǻʵĵƷ
Ǵ˵ҩޱ˵û㹻ʯȲ֮£ֻЩּˡ
ٸ¶˼ɫɫ΢΢һ䣬ƺеԡ
ôЩҩ𣿾֪ƷһֵʮʯĿÿԵֳ򡣡üͷһȻ
벻Ҫᣬ˼ĿŵҩļֵȻǹˡٸһ¾ѹһЦ˵
ãȻˣǾǮˣ±㽫꾫Ѫˡ˵ţ㽫ϵĺ«ս֮УͬʱվҪȥ
ѻ֪ЩҩǴӺδٸһҪߣæ׷˹ʵ
ôյѺ΢һףɫһ˵
ֻ˳ʡٸǿһ˿Цݵĵ
˵ҩ´һģľ޿ɷˡһ󣬱㲻ٿٸ˳ȥ
ֺϧ̬ȣúٸŭѣӰȫ˳ȥŽƽ
ԭشƬ̺󣬺ٸͻȻƤһգתһȥ
˲վͨ᳡һ֮ͨУû׷΢΢˿Ц
Ӻٸı仯У֪ǧ̻һҲڵ鷻֮¡
ôĿŵƷȥ϶ѾǵĻɡΪѪһʱ֮Ҳ˲ˡ
ǧ˵ʵ֪˶ʦ棬ȻȽƫţҲöԷʲôԻ顣
οǱ仯òμᣬй˼Ȼ˼֡
˼䣬һŲ˼
ǰѾˣǸոյǸ̴ӣæһ
ţ𣿡΢΢һЦʵ
ڽ̴˵᳡Ǳߴһ֮
˰ʯǴǰŮ
̴ӵ˵ͷܿ˳ȥ
᳡֮ϣŷҵŮǸʿ浤ǿߣڽмҵľۣѾѼλ̧˰˰ϡ
£Ի᳡ϻȵջδţ̧ͷ᳡Ƴһۡ
ĴŽĹرţҪȵŻ򿪡
˵עڳеϣⲽڸһλµȴŴ
ֹһӺĻŷҵŮԾŰʮʯۣѹʿһ˷𵶡
׾漴һ´ʺ󣬲
Ż᳡¡¡һ򿪣ӿУ첽뿪
һ·ϣ߹հ˹յĳûһЩС֪ʱװһ󺺳˷С
ȷ˸Ժ󣬲Ѱһ֮ûرĿƵһĴŽ뷻УȻ˰
֮Уϥһɫ֮ϣϸϸĴһߵİ͸«״
«һɫĹŹַӡǣСɫҺ壬ŵƷҩʮѪ
۲һǰһУȡöʶѣ߬к󣬶˫ĿһգעʶеĻ챮֮С
һ̣ǰһں󣬱ٴνؿռ֮С
޲Tǰǰһ۵꣬ɫƽվǰ
û뵽ôõľѪȻʮ֮࣬⻯ʶӦǲˡ޲T˵
ǰѪεʹá΢΢һֱ˵ʵ
޲TԲδ𻰣ǵһһһɶ
ֽס򣬶˵Ľڶͷ֮ϡ
ݣˮҺٻݣ
֮мصĺȻǵⲹԪҺĸϣȴ඼һЩгĲϣҪռȻѡ
ûʲô飬ذɡ޲T˵ţ΢΢𣬱Ҫϳؿռ䡣
ǰԵȣ⻯ʶϵħǰٴһ¡æ˵һֱ޲Tߡ
޲Tʱ˫Ŀһվ
㲻˵ҵˣһȡħ֮Ҳʱˣ⻯ʶϵħ֮Ӧָɡ޲Tһۣޱ˵
Եǰһ죬ָһſ¶еĳѡ
޲Tָֻ΢ѱһɶ𣬲С
ϴһʹĳϵħС
ˣˡ޲Tʳָ΢һһС
δ˵ʲôֻһϮһ̣ǰɫһģ˾ͻصС
޲T»Щ׽һ󣬱㽫ҽһգ뿪ҡ
ֻҪϴ룬ɵⲹҺˡ
̶һ֮ӼҩռһЩϣص˰֮С
һ׼ϥʼԪҺ
ȽһɸϽĥһֻСУΪҩˮҺһɫҩҺȡɫС«ѪС
ڡһ
һνɫľѪһǰСУԭƽɫҩҺжʱһһ㵭⡣
ʮξѪȫУɫҩҺȻѱɽɫĽҲЩĿͬʱһɹůҺһܶ
һָһʱһָ⿪ʼڣѸھҴܣ֫ٺһ泩ѡ
һϲæ߶һתƬ̺ůŽɢҲָ֮ƽ
ʱڷƺһ˿Ǹոշù֮һ㡣
ԪҺȻͬ죬ֻһЧ
֮£˵ȡʶѣСķС֮н
ѷһɫҺ֮Уһɹ˿״ĽɫˮƴӿڣͻȻһ㣬ۿɼٶȻ
˴ԼаյĹ󣬳ֹͣˮЩĹˮоƯš
û뿪ңһֱڴĶһߣĹ۲Сгѵϸ΢仯
չ󣬳Ȼ˿״ˮҺ£ѱɫȴǰɫ˵ɫ
ֹա
šһϸŵĴ
СеĳһȻһϸѷ죬һĴָָڴСĵɫ͸С棬ŴѷлɫҺ
ˣһ˿ϲɫδС棬۲


545 Э
ֹƬ̹СֹͣҺԭɫ͸ȴȻʵ˼֡
ˣһУɫССһɶ֮Уϸ۲
ֻĻʶƲϳ棬ͷһֻС۾ͨһУ㲻ͣ䶯лʱ³һЩɫҺ塣
˳δһ֮£һۡöɫһɶܼȥû²Ӱ
ٵһһɫ¡
׳Сͷм䣬ָҧƣһξѪڽɫ׳֮ϣͬʱд
һ̣봦ڴϸɫ鲨ڷ봦һֽСУͬʱһööɫķĴӷиֶ׷û׳С
ûã֮Уԭͣ䶯׳潥ſԭһ
ˣһָһ㣬֮ͨ乵ͨ
û뵽ǣָ׳淽һӴһ΢İָͨһҷɿ׳
΢΢һϿͣ߶һɫĽӶ׳ڡ
ֹСʱ󣬴С洫İľı޼ʱƣԲͣ׳
һ򵥵Ĺͨȷ˴˳ȻǰһӴѿʼ
һϲʼ߶俪ʼںϽ
ֹһһҹ󣬴˳ľڴﵽ˺ľһ޶ĵزˡ
ˣһһֵĽȥСٴУٵһʶл챮עȥ
һں󣬱ؿռ֮С
һΣҝĿռڣȴûм޲TӰ
޲TûϰΪδĻߵ˻챮ǰе׳һͨ󣬱ͷųעǰĻħ֮ͫС
ֻɫСĿһ֮£һǿľһŶûǰĻħͫС
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һֻ̣ʶдһǰɫ˲һģٽ˵˻þ֮С
ԶħһΣ·Ȱһ˶
һٷħһսͬھһ֮ɫٴλصؿռС
˿еĻʶ׳棬ƺ˾ʼ뵽״̬΢΢һЦĽ뵽һֻСУźá
һк󣬳һĿһɨ㷢ʯ֮ϵСУɫҺԾɢ˿˿ů⣬ȻЧһЩ
һ£ͻȻöԭһֱ޷İ㺣֮ѡ
ʱöҲϢ΢ȫޣʶһֱ޷ѪҺҲͬЧ
ţȡöѣŵĽҺ֮С
ȻС֮У˿˿ɫˮٴη׷ûУѱ淢һһɫ΢⣬ɢһ˿˿ļֻȻʶѵʱ龰
öҪָ֪Ҫ೤ʱ䡣
״Ȼдϲһ˼󣬾ȡǰþѪĺ«һʹ«΢΢һ󣬾ͷųһɰɫϼһ󣬾ͽҺͬ㺣֮һͬ«С
һк«һĲӰŴָϵֽ¶һ˿ı顣
ǣٴϥأĿϢ

ºӰҲɢȥˡ
ʱÿնûʶؿռĻþУħһսҲһʱ䣬ڰӲһеλʦҲЩ
һգһװһ󺺣˵ĵ֮С
һ̤̣һµƹЦӯӯӭ
Ҷѣ¥Ƭ̡ҼҹԸǼǰ֪ͨԺ͵ƹ񹧾˵
΢˵ͷδ˵·ⲽ¥
յ蹤¥һ֮УУϸϸƷһζԴʿ衣
ڴʱҵĴűƿһɫɴٴƵ˽
ҶѵȺʱˡٸߵǰ£˵
˲ض񡣡Ļص
ҶѴ˷ǰ֪ϴСŮ鿼ǵˣŮЦһԵ
Ȼٴἰ£Ҳֱ˵ˡ¾һϸǺ󣬾÷˵鵹ҲƽԾԺе̣ȡʯҲôӦɫһ˵
ֻҪṩʲôҪ󾡹ǣֻҪСŮģ㡣Ůһ˿Ц˵
һеĽױϸܣκη͸¶ȥһ¶ֺֹһнסпܻõһЩĸϣϣܰæһռһƽĻ˵
Ҷܹα꣬ҩڱۣʵ֮⡣ٸԣһڵĴӦ
ܺãϣٻȡһЩ˵ţȡһֻѩ׵Уںٸǰϡ
ٸָᵯһ¶ɵĵҩȻһöƺһöƵĵƷ
ٸҩϸһһϲȴü΢壬˶ٺٴο˵
ҶѣִƷõڰ˰ң֪Ƿ񿴵ϡҪƷʵСŮȥժֻǵѿµõЩʱˡ
˰򡭡Ҳԡһ˼󣬱˾
˵˰ǧĻЧãֻϾ֮ЩҩЩʯֲʯա
һԭϳ˼ŵƷ⣬ƷԵ͵ĶǰһˣԼҲҪٷʳһЩƷҩ
лҶ£´εǰ궨ǧϻŮƺ׼ǺһЦ󣬱㵥һһɫľϻС
Ҷѣö˰Ӧ㹻ȡѵŵƷҩ˰ɡŮӽľϻ򿪺󣬷ǰ
ޱĴȡһöǰתƣ˰˵ҲýʮʯһööŵƷҩȻ´ˡ
ɽǼʦҪһЩϣ͹ˡ
˵ţֻľϻһգȡһڴŮصҪϣһЩĲϡ
ҶѲؿЩһ˾Ϊռȫٸδı㽫һնЦݵ˵
˱лˣ»Щ飬Ͳˡһ󣬱


546 Ե
ٸһЦĿ뿪תص֮Уźµĵƹһĺһߡ
ѾԼԺ۸ǡҪһЩϣ˾ռȫɡٸȡ򽻸˺ƹͬʱķԸ
ϲˣΪպҺͻƿĵҩ㲻÷ˡ˷Ը飬ȥ졣ӽӹ򣬹ά˼󣬱¶ϲɫˡ
ٸȥ¶һ˿Ĵκ󣬱͵ػһɫʧԭء

ڷвһЩĺ󣬾ͻصһαչ
º㽫ϵ꣬ٴƳ˽ʮϵǣԼһСƷҩȴûٳ嵤ϵĵƷҩ
ҩϤװ뼸Ӻ󣬾Ϳʼ˫֣Ųӣʶ߶
ÿϼͣ°ͣ¶һ˼ģȻϼͣ˼
ƾöܵһݲϾǷѾ룬ν¾㱸ֻǷˡ
⿰ӽεļƷȻʦƣ鷳¿ֻԶƳһصĽ
һ˼󣬾ϰһʦֶΡ
Ͼֶǡ澭ϸأֻҪϤһӦÿѧġ
ļ㿪ʼڷһæµ
˵̳ȡʮʯ˼뷨йصĵ伮ɹ˼Ʒ󣬲һ֮ɫĻص˰С

ԺĳУλеʦ̸ʲô
ʦʦмͨƷȻʹ󣬵ʹ˶ȴָоϧԼϣӼؽƣɷλʦָһʦʵ
ʹҪһЩƷӼؽӡ⵹ǲѣֻռһЩϣ踽йصĲϣɡȻеһЩʱ䣬ҲյġһʮģЩݵĻӣ˵
Ʒ߼Ʒӽӡ¶֮ɫ׷ʵ
ƷͼƷƷӡԭϻͬҲҪԵĲһЩϼƣҪʲôһ伮ҲؼؿɹοмƷԼӽҪһЩԲϡǼռ˲ϣѶƷҪ࣬ʮ꣬Ҳұ֤һɹʧܻԡһĽڳʱѾƷջǺܴģӵĽԽǸ߽ףԽ׳ɹġһΪ׳ʵӣ˼
һҲͷ
лλʦָ㣬Ȼ¾ռһһˡԣһЦֿʵ
һ㶼䱸õģʹѡһʹá˵Ŀȴһ˿֮ɫ
һԵʦҲһ˿ײȻ
ϾԭҲΪλʹǰæӽƵģȴûϵԼ
ĵͷ˵߽ԱһһأȻһǰĸߡ
ǰһЩйصĵ伮̣زϸѾ롣
һ󣬵һתбһɫ
ʮպֻ֮д䡱һ죬һɫĴҴܡ
УЩͷϽ˫ַһͣһɴСķȻâһ¶ڷ봦һĻɫɵ
ʱķɵٲȻѰ޹⣬󲿷ѾʧȥӣԭȵؽҲֻʣأȻʧˡ
һ߰˰ɢһصЦһҡҡͷ
̶Щǰ׼Ѿʣ޼߰˼ƷһڱؽƵɫСӣҵؽ⣬Ĵ඼ʧˡ
Уаϵѷɵһ㣬ٲʧȥԣ޷ʹã˵Ǳˡ
Ȼ۷ûеô˳
˿ѷɵۺһҧ󣬾;ȥһЩƷһ
Ͼһ㣬ûؿռ丨֮£Ҳֻͨϰܽյġ
ǣϵĻҳ߳㷿һϴ󣬱㳯нͷ̷ȥ
ͬһʱ䣬Զĳҵ̵¾޴С
һ˿˿ɫϼҸƮУȻγһɫĹĻ
Ļ֮УһŮµ˫ĿǰһѰ׹ɵķɵʱ
ɵ·һСݺύĹۣǳɫҺ䶯ţϸᷢЩҺеơ
һߣһ˫ʮְָ任ѣͬʱһĹ֮Уɫƺ֮£γһ
ʱŮһͺȣӿ³һžѪ˿еǱɵ
ʱɵ׹ʢڿвͬʱһ̶
߸ϽִɫҺһӿ㻯һɫˮɵȥ
ͬһʱ䣬һͳɬŮƴ
һĻˡ
ɫɵΧɫˮȻһͺ󣬾γһԲ״ɵʵʵڿвͣתʱ˵֮
Ůü΢֮£ͣ˿е˫Ŀ΢н˿еɫԲ
ԼһյĹԲʧһԵ˫ַһ䣬һָɫԲһˮɢ¶һ׹ɵķɵ
Ů¶ɫ䵥һк󣬷ɵһĿһ󣬻С
ϲС㽫ɵɡзһͣ΢΢˵
ɵˣ˷ǰƵҩʱޣµƾ֮޷Ů˲ͷĺ飬˵
ҲС컯ȷʹ˼ԵԭѪ㵽СڴһݲСԵģ˵˵ľǴ˱λһʦԣۻ׵ĳ룬Ե
Ӧòǵġ˷ȻдãеĵϵݣֻҪܽ׵ڣҲзδµġݣһŽУʲôСԵŮ⻰ȴҡҡͷ˵
⡭С˵ǣ˵Ĳ֮һΣȷ벻䷨۵ġһ˺󣬴һ󣬲Цһ


547 ħ
νԣռһЩ¼һַɽУһЩ˴ӳжϤռ֮ܣǳ֮Ϊʦ
ڲһּΪÿβҲʦش𺦣ʦԪΪ۲ܲһЩģδ֮£Ҳ׼ȷĲŵȻĲʦڶ࣬ԸΪ˲Եȴ޼
һ㣬֮뱻֮ѪԵϵռŻ׼ȷһЩʧ׼
һЩϧвʦԪռδ˥ͼͨǰ֪һЩӦ֮ߡϾԤֻԵʱĳһʱռδǴ˺ʱ䷢һЩʣδ֮ıġ
ЩʮǿĲʦҲжĳЩԷһЩͷԤףΪ׼ȷķԪ
ŮӾŷһλѪĽǿʦһѪУ˺صһЩ󣬵óڳпܻһСԵԤס
Ůŷҵĵλ뿪ġ
ϷˣַҲ˲ٷϽϢһ°ɡǻԵҪֵĻҶ㻹ҪΪһġŮɫһ˵
лСģȸˡһԣͷĸȥ
ĳҿջ¥һ֮С
ħڵ꣬ȻϰͷµõĿܼʿ
룬ͷߵĽ׿վһս귨߶£ģĲϱ任ŷλ˫Ŀ䣬˫ȭܲ͸磬һ壬
ͻȻһУһйιͷܼʿһ˲仯СĻɫԲ飬һķ֮С
ʱ¶һ֮ɫһִǰһСöžƬϸһۺַ˻ȥЦһ߳Ҵš
ֻһͬʹãʵѾﵽڣ㲻¡Ҿ뿪һʱ䣬Ͳøˡ곯վŵڵ˵
֪Ҫһȥʲô󺺷ͳ˻˵
ڳϲ˵и˿ܻбⶼ˰֮ãʵ̫ˡܰұȥתתܷνĻԵ˳նɱ̫ʿóһǰ׷ɱĶһı顣
ǹӵöСģرǲҪ볤̫ĵط֣Ͼҷ浤ϵǿġ󺺲ûֹֻ΢һ䡣
һȻ֪һЦȻһſʧˡ
Ƭ̺󣬳иһƬï֮ܵУһһĳС
ȷ֮ٺһһĨ
һ̣һžڴȻߴ˱˲仯һ޺ִ֮ʱһкڰ
Ǵʱ̫ŵڴˣһϳ仯޺Ȼʮħ
һŹŹֵһħҲʵ˵ãһ֮պɱ̫ŵӣֶμݶʵҲǾ֮
֮ǰ̫ŵӹĳ׷ɱպĳֹŹֹѣҲˣӴ˱伣
Ǻǣ̫ŵЩӲݣվñүѪһħһ¥޺һЦ촽һģʧԭء
һʱ󣬳мʮ⣬һƵɽ£һ̫ͨӷεİСһ߱ġ
Ȼһɫιһ̣һɫ£һųªĴȻڶǰ
ħС״ѿڶ
ֻҺڵͨӶ֪ҵţ̫ŶһǱһӡ󺺹һЦĵ٩
С꾪ͳһɫСȣһȣһ磬һ͸ķܣȡһŻɫ飬һɫγɡ
ħֻһЦ˲仯һɫԭʧ
һ̣Сͻؿһһֻɫľצ͸㻤֣ǰֱӶһ޴Ӱħ
ħɫһѽֳʱСȫ͸ɫֲŴѿڡ顱顱죬㻯˵㾧ɢڿС
ӰСóСȵħһɱ顣
һ߿üĿİ֮꣬£ſһŷ׼ӣȼԼͬ㱻ױɱʱŵԭκξٶˡ
ֻͽΪ㲻̫ŵ˰ɡħתȥ䵭˵
¡ֻλżʶ̫ųκιϵǰʱɫǳѿĵЩ
Ҫֻ̫ŵһ𡣡ħǳ鶯һ£һߺ󣬱㳯һץһֻɫħצХȥ
ɽжʱһ̶Ĳҽ

պ󣬸ʼаƵƵϮ̫йʿϢ
Ķ̶̰¼䣬½ʮ̫йʿһҲȫϴһգһʱ֮䣬֮к̫йصĻ̻
ûú󣬰ԺһУڽ˱չأһֳȥ˲еĽƺ󣬱㻺߳˷䡣
ڴڼԼһĶ߲֮ϵĲ伮ηӡƺڳһЩ򵥵ַƷؽƺ͸Եƣɹʾߴų֮ࡣ
ȻûаܽöһξΣϾռһʧܣʧǲС
˼ȥЩƷϰʱ򣬺Ȼ̺Ȼһ춯ŴҶƹЩŵʹˣʦˣ
ʦʲô£һĴ߶ʵ
ʦɽչõһЩϣոϢ˵λͬڷ;У⵽һ󺺵͵ϮΣѻǰȥԮҶƹЩ
ã͹ȥȻص
Ϊӣ£Ȼƴǡ
ѯ˻ʦǵĴλú󣬶˵̣˰ڷ򼲳۶ȥ
һ뿪Уʱڿն䣬һŷ۵糸ĳȥ
һ֮ϵ˷аһͰɽȡ
ҶƹԣʦǱ⸽˷˵ķųʼ
䡱һ
ڴʱԶһƬд¡¡ķײ


548 Χ
ˣһзһ֮£ڹһı䷽ַ˹ȥ
Ƭ̺ϿպڹһֳΣһʱһ
֮еһߵϣӺһʿͷǺĸԻһ죬зͣĹͬ߶һʱõķ
ʮɫЩҵһםĹĻ˻С
ԣһ˫ĿյĻӣѪһ֪ӡ
֮⣬һ޺һЦĻӶ޴ȭͷͣĺڹĻ֮ϡ
ں¡¡ľУĻһҡҡ׹ӡ
ƿʱ򣬷жȻȫע⵽ݹ⣬תͷ˹
ʹһʱϲĺ
󣬾ͣ˷ϿգһҲһɣȻĿһɨ޺
ûжκƾһȻܹҲ̫Сӵġ
Ҫ֪׷ûʲôر֮ȴ̫صشפһЩӣǿ֮ʱʱõġһԣҪ֮ƣһһϦ֮¡
Ŀھ޺źڰ׷ʱɫ΢΢һȻ˵һ䣺ħ
ŶȻϵıүҲ̫£һŵˡܺãҽ컹ջС޺ԣпӳľȭһ̧ͣͷ´һͭһ˿ɱ˵
һߣҲ𻰣ϺһʢһģӰٶȼ죬գۼӸµĴһӰĵ˾޺ͷһȭ»
һźɫȭӰһ
޺ƺҲûϵ飬ªһ˿ȣҲȻͬһȭӭȥ˶ȭӰԼдһ档
䣡һ죬ڹһ֡
޺һʮվȣɫʱ
һߣƮƮڿһתۣһ±㽫޺ĴΪΣһ˷֮ǰ
һֶΣֵ¯֮ڻħͫþкħζսʱ͵ı졣
˿Ϻ䣬ûͷԺһͻ޺һХ
ڤ޺ƺ̱ϳŹڰɫĴ΢΢Ťһ£Ц˼ȻһתΪһ̹Զɶݶȥ
΢΢һתͷ˵ʦǷѾľЩطȥɣȥ׷Ǹˡ
԰գȶ˻ػϺڹһ˲ڿն޺Ӷݵķֱ׷ȥ
ʮλħ̫Ŷ׵㣬׬ȡ׵ĻᣬȻ׷Ź
Ͼ仹ǰһʹ׵ծġ
еĸߵϣʦһ䣬δӦ޺Ѿ˫˫뿪תۼʧˡ
ⷬﻹڴ˶ͣҴ˵ϵ죬ǸԲѵӣзȥ
ħһ׷һӣƬ̼Ѿɳ˰
ǰ̹⣬ȴһ˿ɻ
ħӶһʼٶȱʱʱģڸ˼ƺߣ뽫ӳԶԶӡ
Ȼ֪Էڴʲô⣬ǰ֮һ֣ѲҲҺڵΪͬʿȻ˿£һ߽¶ݹ⣬ȥ
ֹ˰յ蹤ǰ̹Ȼһ٣һɽͷϿͣâһֳħΣһЦĸֶ
ʮԶڹһҲͣ˶ݹ⣬޺ӭ
һأ㽫ӴľһŶΧﷶΧϸһ顣
ִ˵һƬߣΧҰҲûֻҲûзκĺۼŵĿ˶ľ޺
̫ŵڤӦŵӰɣ˻ûɱŵأͷһ⡣޺ĥĥݣ۹·ڿһֻ׵ĸЦһ
½Щ浤ֵɣԣȴƽĻص
ȻˣǾȥɣħԣƺЩĿһۣ漴Ц
һ䣬޺һģ˲˵ǰ޴ħצϸֳһ棬ݺݵһץ¡

Ӱھ޺ħצһץ£ȻһģɢȻֻһƲӰ
޺һץպ΢΢һ䣬ͻȻɫһһȭķȥ
θһ֣ովȣһ˶ȭͷӭ˹
ɫҲһû뵽޺ӴٶȾȻҲ֮졣
Ӱһֹ֣Ȱһˡ
ڻþħ¶֧ϰٸغϵ޺ȻҲ㾪ˣܺȡ
ʱħɫѿ
ȻǴޣٶ֮֮ͬһ˼һԷӰҲûȻЩ߳ŭ
˫һҪʶ֮ȴȫӦ˶ԷϢɫ̾һ䡣
һ̣һȷ綸Ȼھ޺ߣ۽ƶƳһ˿׹⣬תֱ£Ȼһʮȵ֮յĿ˹ȥ
ˣ޺ҲһʹȻǱǰ׹âˡ
ħ̹һ£̵˳ȥʮ⣬ѾһƬϸܵ亹
ҪĿ죬ոհԴҪǰ׹
âħ˿̲ڿǰ׹Ǻ
Զһ۵פȻΧȴûпκηɽ塣
ǽޣħɭȻͬʱȴһ˿ɻ
Ȼޱ飬˿ûش˼ҲЩ⡣
ո䲻ʹָͨϺս͵ĹΪһжҪû뵽Ǳ㿪ˡ
ʮͽȻЩµġ
һת˵ǰһξںһ󣬾ٴʧԭء
ħˣɫһ䣬ſ³һ׹Сᦣзһ֮£ʱһɵĹĻһ¸ܡ
䡱
ոһУ޺͸о׹һһͻȻ
һֻɫ۵ȭͷȻ˹Ļ֮ϡ
һꡱĻ̸ֳ֩һѺۡ
ħУһ˿Ȼ
İ׹ȻǼƷҲһʮؽƵƷȴһ㼸ˡ
Ҳüͷ΢΢һ壬ȻǰɫĻЩϵļͣȻסˮһ
һ£δȹĻеľ޺Ӧֱ۶Ȼֳһ˲ִһȦֱϵ۸ں£ԵЩ
һͺȣֱһģ󣬵ûȭӰȫ׷׻˹Ļ֮ϡ
顱һ죬ɫĻ·˲ѿ
޺ɫ䣬âһԭء
ˣָͽȻһţ׹âէһ֮£ɫâѾ˾޺ǰ
ꡱ
ħ󱳵һ̹⣬˲ͱ׹⴩͸¶ָϸѪѪ
޺Ҳ΢΢һ͵ĵƬ̣ٴ̹һʢ⼤
˵ʱʱ죬ȴɫһֱһ̧һָǰһ


549 
ۡһһԴִһİɫڼתУһģû޺ĺĴ
ۣ
ħҽһſһѪ˶ʱӰȥ
У޺âֶ˿ڴ۶ȥ޴ҲۿɼٶȷɿСһģ˵ϣͬʱϵ˿ھˡ
𻵱ٿʮħ壡ԭ˷صţһ̤뻯ڣߣֳɡһ𣬿ſегԹ֮ɫһ䣬ʱĵзɾĸСĽɫܼʿǰ
ףϵ׿ܼʿĸʿüͷһ׵
ԭ׿ܵħڵʿǴˣҲԣָ֮ȷʵһ޶һ˼󣬱Ȼǰвɵһ˿ɱ⡣
֮ǰ᳡ԿǸһڵʿҪٽˣһǻʿǱҪֽˡ
˼䣬ȴдʣһֵĴĵɫģ׷ûͷܵü֮
ʱͷܼʿϿʼһʢȻɢҺڵѹ
ɫһ䣬ȻԹԵŶԷʩ߶ܣһģꡣ
ڰ֮УгâһһɫɽһɶһĶϯ¡
Цһ΢΢һΣٴһɫĻԼľ߿ܼʿС
Ȼǰö׹ᦾ֪ʱջأٴδ߶ֻǴ˿̵İɫĻ͸¶һ˿ȼȻ޷ֵá
˾ҲҪȡһʱ䣬ľ߿ܼʿѡ
ľ߿Ȼÿһ߶вҺڵΪȴͬҪķѲپҪ߶ҪĻһġ
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䡱һ
ɫĻʱһҲâٴΰ˼֣ȴû鿪
Ļ֮еԴ˳ţ˫ֲϴһľ߿ܼʿϡ
һ̣һ£ȻǰֱϺƣ˹Ļ֮ϡ
顱һ졣
ɫĻһһεĺȻ鿪
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ڴʱЦһǰĵ𣬿ܼʿҲʼжˣ
ˣ˵Ľºݺһ棬һһ̱Ҫ
ǰһһߵӰ֮䣬ţһֻ˶Ľȭͷһȭͻ
ءһ졣
۵ֱۣȻѺͽ׿ܵȭͷӲһǡ
һɾȻתֱ£֮Զ΢΢Ť£ȻƮƮ
ܼʿζܰɣ꿴һȭԶɵĻתϵһЦ
৵ļ󣬵߽ɫߴӰҲһģ𣬲ȵľ߿֮վһΡ
üͷһ¶һ˿֮ɫȻЩܱĻҪѲ˼֡
һ֮ɫĿǰĿһۺֽĿЦһ󣬻ִ⣬ǰ߿ϡ
м߿ܶʱ⣬ֱڳһƣ껤С
ˣĿ΢΢䣬бһϲ
ܼʿľʵ䲼õԷΪ߹֮ЧľҺڵĿܲ£ȻƾСġ
Ȼȴ֪д֪ľ߿ܼʿֿһֻҪ跨һͷ޷ˡ
мƶ˵Ľһ㣬ڿն𣬴һƲӰ˶ȥ
ͬʱнһָǰĳɫɽһ£㻯һɳҫ۽磬ǰܼ
ˣЦһг˲м֮⡣
һ̣䡱һ
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ͬʱֱһͷ׿Ѿ׷˼֣һţȻһڴֵĽɫѸײڶ֮
һ֪޷ױܿһ٣ֱȻֳƬһӭ˹
ǡ䡱һ
ɫһȭ֮£ķ顣

俴赭дĻɢ˽ɫȻֱҲ顣
һ൱Һڵʿȫһˡ
Ƭֱ̹һֻȻ׷ǰߴֱһģӲӵȭͷһһĽɫ
ӦҲǼ죬һŤһΪŤƣһȭ˿ȥͬʱһתһȭͷݺݻȥ
ءһһ̣ȭͷȴͿһȭͷӲһǣڿܼʿźͬʱȴٴɡ
δվȣһɫ
Ƭ̼乤߿ܼʿ£Ȼ뿪ʮɾ롣
ͷȴػߣδ׷
²ˡ
һλһɫԶһۣһ
źɫֱֻһ
Ƽ䣬Ÿ¸¹Цħͷ­İתһȦࡣ
һźɫһԣһֳ˹ЫӰ
ħ裡꿴ľٶƺЦһδϣǷͣĲٿͷܣҪһٽɱ
ħħ˵Ȼ˾ռ֮£Ҳշħһ㶼Сܶ࣬սޣοԵǵǹĿܼʿһ㹥޷Щʿκ˺
ȥסͷܣһ£Ž׿ܹ϶ͨʶԸ
ЫһӵڴðһƬīɫţһ±ĥ̴СһȻ䵯𣬾ݺݻһ߿ܼʿؿڡ
ܼʿɾһ壬Ҳ̲סһҪһȭЫӴɣһܼ͡죬ϸСĺߴڽ׿ܵؿڣһƬǳǳס
ͬһʱ䣬ħͷ­Ҳһֱߵһͷܣɫ˿ƿ
׿ܶɫ˿Ĺܲˣһſ³һɫֱ­沿
­Сͷǡһϣʱһͽɫײһ˫˫ˡ
һ̣췢˿Ȼһһɫ߿ܽ
׿ȴҲС˫һ֮£δȴвٷ˿Ͽ
ͬʱв֪ʱȡ˻ƽʿһƽ֮ģķӿע뵽˷֮С
ǰĿһһߵĽɫӰˡ


550 
ȥ
һԸͬʱһһ⼤һ쿪ΪһɳĽɫߣһ֮½˿סĿܼʿײ
ûĽ׷˿˵˿ǰһȭݺݵĻ޷ļʿͷ
ͷܼʿ£ʱһ»ڵء
Σһûϵֻħʵ֮ǿɢķȻҺڵʵ
ǰΪǹ⽫ĿԶ
ƻҵĿܣҪʬΣȵ̹ʢͷһ˶ϡ
ȴһģ£˱­ƽʿĿܸǰзɽһĴؿһɫıڡ
ڿܵĽṹҲоֻ֪ҪݻĹӦ֮ǿܱʱһͨǰһ۲죬Ȼҵ˺ڡ
͡һ
ɫķɽѸײڶ֮˼ʿؿڵıǴܼʿߴʱһɫâڲһ졣
һ˿ϲɫ΢΢һ䡣
߿ܵڲĻغͷȻûоʹȫֹͣɫͷ­ȻɢɫâֻǷųϢȻǰ˼֡
ԭˣܼʿȻģѹֶݡת£нһɽٴһµһһ´˿üĴ
ءһ
½׿ڸȻֹͣ˶гâһˤڵء
ųħеݻһͷ׿ܣĹ
ֱ׿ܵأŴͷ¸ϵǰĿһɨ̱ڵϷĿܺЫһʱ޷һͷһ٣ɫһƬٿĿ⣬Ũҵɱ⡣
һЦִһƿܵɰʱɢһ󣬱㻯Ϊһϡ
Ϊ޷ʩչ󷨣ұ㲻𣿡һЦ
Դȴһ΢ЦģͨȻ­ƽʿԷԸһ
ಡಡƿ
­ͻƽʿȻ伤߿ܼʿ
ͬʱһǰɫâһնꡣ

һ˫ֺڹһȻһڵȭףâһʢǰĽâһȭ
䡱һ죬ɫɽһȭ֮¾ĵأҲھ£
סΣҪٴλȭ֮ʱһЦȻУֻǰһһӰص˦ؿڡ
ءһ겻£˲飬ؿڴһʹһڿն𱻴ʮԶһһ㣬ˤ˵ϡ
ۡһ³һѪǰ°һƬеһʹ
ⲻܡ귭һ˿֮ɫ
ħĿŵӣһɽڿ˵Ǻ绽꣬Ǳ
ԶΪǿ̵ͷܼʿһͷѾ𻵣ͷ򱻶ԷĲסһʱ֮侹Ѳ˵ˡ
ǿؿʹͺһվ𣬵ǰһӰǰ˲ưĶһӰ
ˣ¶һ˿η壬Ȼһſڣһâ˿ûУȴһ糤ţë롣
ȴ˵Ȼǰһۣͬʱͷ­һģ󣬺ӰӰһһһ˲һĻһɫУǰһȥ
˽£޿ɱܣ߶ҲˣֻƴһһȱܿҪ֮
һ껤ͱһնƣһֱ۱һж£˲仯ΪѪıѶ

ҽһ
ҲԼᶨ֮һҧζʱ֮Զһַɿȡһöϱ۴һϣֹס˼λѪעһӣڹһϺȻһѺڶٵӣȴµƷ
üͷ΢΢һûǴӦʮؽ֮࣬Էƴ߶֮£ҲǲС
񲻹¹⾰ȻѾ׿ܣǰδһʱȣӦûȵļһҲùֵˡ
˼䣬Ѿ¶һ˿֮ɫĽȫӿУƺһſڣһھѪ絽֮ϡ
ȶʱһڰâʢ׼ͺݺһȡ
һɫӿһ֮£̼仯Ϊһֻɫãһŵĳɶ
پһ֮гܱ߿ռ䣬˫ԼһʹʱΪ֮֡
΢΢һݣȻȡһöɫСͬʱһһ
ɫСһ֮£˫ȻâţһɷʵʵӴӿӭ˿ɫá
䡱һ
ɫȻһɢٴλɫڿлɢ
֮УһɫӰֻһŤӰһһ̱ѵǰɴ
Ҳܻ֮˿ɫѲ԰ֽΣƴĴһһȶɫз׷ϯҪһ
Ŀһ䣬Ϻһһ㣬˼һŤŲ˲ӷ֮д˹ȥ
һ̣굫һںھХؿһʶĻȥȴһһ۵ӣ̧һֻƵƣһѪԻ
Ļϵı˲̣˫ĿԲɣȫǲŵ顣
žһ
͵һսʱķ飬һѪ
ţз˼Ͳŵ˻֮һԵ˵ϣ۾ȫû˹ʣֻؿڴȻѪðͣ
ޱջֱۣ΢΢һĽѪɢ
ڴ˿̣һźȻͷ­мһ֮£㵽ɿ⣬ۿҪԶȥ
üͷһҺʿܱһƾǵģҲǵһμˣȻѣֻһ֣ɫСѷΧźһơ
֮ȻһҽУءһѿڹɢ
͵ɫһɵ׼ջطɽ֮ʱڹ֮кķɳһϸ˿Ѫ⣬ֻһû֮С
ٶȼ죬ֺ
ʱһ̴߶ܿ㿴ھһ˿ĺߡ
һ̫ŵ伮мصһЩħܶ඼ѪΪĶ񶾷
ǵһħаѪȼѪһѪֻҪմһǰ㣬뵽ԷԪ;֮Уƹ֮һ㻺ʳԷԪֱħʿ֮ʣ͵ͬھа
ĪѪ˿Ҳ෨һ֣
Щֹϸһ˼ָо
ѪһаҪһľͷܷոյһƾǱâʱƺûʹ÷ļ
ţʩѪ˿εҲ˿ЧûУˡѪ˿·Ͳһ㡣ħڵĳ
ˣǵȻصУɡһʱ޷ֻüͷһʱֹͣʩ


551 
㽫ɰһն漴ֺĽʬԱߵȺһԺɫȭҲ
ǻʵһƷȻĻҲܻʯɫȭӭӷɽâȻҲһϧһֻȴɰ٣ʣһֻĻӦҲܻЩʯ
ֽպãָܿһöŽâĴ
һƺʲôгһ㽫ͷ­
ħͷ­õܻĹ׵㣬ֻħǰһֱһĴ󺺳û֪֪֪ħʵò
ҲȥһԣһֵĽ֮սһöС
ţĿͷʬһۣһһų棬תۼ佫仯Ϊ˻ҽ
һߣǰһͷܼʿҲʱʧȥ˿ƣ̱ڵһ
ˣһеջ˺һԵķ­Ыƽʿ㵥˼ջؿܵķһյ蹤󣬽ͷܱ˻ɫԲ飬֮ĽսֽС
׿ܿ൱һڵĸ֣˵ҲһսõսƷˡ
ȻһͷŪ˺ģ֮ʱִյ൱ãûиܱɲص𻵣ֻҪָܻ糣ˡ
һУ㲻ڴ˵ؾôһƣڿնзȥ

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ڹһһɫֳһɫڰ֮С
ֳôĶÿջܱߵ˷׷׿˹
˿Χ˫һеĺɫ̣ķһŭ𣬺ڹһĳԶ۶ȥȻ֮

һƣһݹ⣬۵糸зжȥһ·ûʿ
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ɫһȻڵǺˣȴȻһ˿ԤС
ӶԷȻΪͣпܱһǿߣɺڹɢϢҲһЩϤĸо
תҪм֮ʱһӴʶ׵һɨһ½С
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ʱһӿĺϯȻǰԶȻһٵͣ
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˵ʲôƺûĿһ˵
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ͬʱһĵƤ
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󺺴˿̸ջֻɳɫɽڹһ㽫ϵһɢһͺȣһû֮УָֻһϣһץסһϺɫβ
ʱβȻһģƾմӴʧƿһ죬һӰȻ˴ͷ­棬Ϣһȥ


552 һ
­ħͷһſһƬ棬˲ס󺺵ߣͷ̷ȻһΪϸ˿һֶȥ
üͷһ壬ȻһȭӰһɢźһ
ʱһɫһն˴󺺼ͷϣȻ޷ƿҲΪ֮һģұһһ±ɫϸ˿˸ʵʵ
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ڴʱһģӰϢһ³󺺵ıһӰǰȻһڱ鲼ҾݵĽɫУն˴󺺱Ȼһ
ŹЫ­˴󺺵עȻϢǱ˹ȫעɰзһ͵Ϯ
䡱һ죡
󺺵Ļ׾һնƣͬʱһǳ˿ڣѪʱн˳
ֻһʹ˲־ŭԴһͭͷ۵ħ׻ʱܹ˺ҶԷһҺڵ
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һݣ۷ɿһһӡžŸͷĶƱϣ˺ڹ⡣
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ֻһɽľӿȫشһζȻȥڰſͣǺȻ֮ɫ
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ԲĴͷϿķӷģɢһǿҵ
󺺼һҲһ
С֮ǿģԼҲһֵܹȴû뵽ٴαҺС
Ŀһתһ̾ϵĶϣžöɢĴâһ˿̰顣
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ɫһҪԮǲ˲ͨʶȷϹЫֻЩƤˣ޴󰭺Է
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ЦһץСֻ˹ȥͷЫӣǰħͷպޡ
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󺺼һĻɫһұһžȻһȦ͵һ顣
䡱һ
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ǰĳ޺⣬Իħڵ׷ϵһƾӡǶɱû뵽һصУħƺ߾ȻѾɢֶλЧҲֻа֮á
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553 ħĵ伮
ûм˹ϢָǵһģȲļǰħ϶ȡֻ
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˷Լһ˿Ϣ⣬ͬ޷ʲôһնǱƲĵ伮
Ȿ伮Ѳ֪жݣѾ΢΢Щƣȱٴһ߽ǣм䱻˺ѶȻֻа뱾ӡ
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ͬʱ볤в֪֮һƬΡɽ֮С
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桭ġ
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ܶǺ֣ǰ뱾伮Ϲħ׫ƣܹǿƿƣҲȫħдģħ֮ˣܹĶҲգԽջذɡ

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װ˵ڴǰİѷֱҿ̣ܵʮʯĿֱܷһ޲ֻһߣȴЩʶԺðЩСգλĿ޲һ
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Ȼ֪ǣûãйħ̫פصһŵһնɱϢܿڳи￪ȻһСɧ


554 žƬ
У֪λħʵݵˣȴ֮ɫ䣬в˷׷׿ʼ̫̽λʹ
һջ֮Уһɫ۵һԵŮʲô
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ȥŮٴεͷеĹžƬһ˿˼֮ɫ

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ĿСһɨĵ˵ͷһߣַȡһʮؽƵɫС׼
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һУɳͨȻջɫɽͷ­󣬲Ƶڿն𣬳зɶݶȥ

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ͻȻһϲ֮Ĵ洫
˫ĿȻһһζ䣬˸⣬һĽʯһ
һϲɫվУ󣬵һ̯¶һƬĹžƬͣţɢ쾧⡣
ŶԭǱ񷾵ƬȻ˷Ӧô˵˵ùٴοʦֶ컯ˡˣ¶ϲ֮ɫĿ˵
ǵģʦ壡Ҳڳغ˶꣬һҵȵˡЦ˵ʾ£һͬ뿪ңիȥ

ƵĻҲŮԵ߿С
СⳤУ̫˵ĻԵȻָùЦĳŮ˵
ʵҪһϼˣŲССĳеȴ֮ã˵ҲǸǧѷĻԵˡŮӿѵľӨƬҲüЦ˵
㽫еĹžƬһգһͬ߳ҡ

֮󣬳ж⣬һƬݲĻҰϡ
ȻϷвһ𣬶ʱ측ֳĺɫ㣬ԽԽ࣬Ƭ̹򣬱Ȼһֳ콾
Ƭ֮󣬴˽㿪ʼģ䡱һѶƬһŤ󣬾ƾոֳһɫʹӰ
˹Ȼа֮ߣͨƺȫɴɫƳɣɢ⡣
֮£ԵЩ翣֣Ϊء
ʹӰֵ˲䣬ȴڰ¥֮ϥϢֱߵĹžƬȴһҫ̹⡣
δӦ̹⾹һ֮ӡֱ֮ϣΪһöɫҶ״Ĳ֪ġ
ͬʱʹӰ֮ڣžƬĳߣҲһ޶žƬ׷׻Ҷ״ģЩϡ


555 ù
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оֱҶ״Ĵ΢΢֮УͬʱܵĳĪٻңԶ֮˹
һ֮£˾ңһĳڰݶһ̣ȻԶо޴ޱȵĴɫӰ
Զ޴ޱȵĹӰȴ·һΡĸߴɽһ㣬ưĺڰ֮У˭ԿһۣܲһǿҵѹȸС
һȻݶϴ˰Σ̸оֱϴٻ֮ǿ˺ܶ࣬ٻԴͷԶյعӰ
ͬʱķУܶҲͬʱе״
ǽйģڵصйģдˣ˿̶׷׷ֱ֮£ӿͷĿɿڴϵĹӰ
ʿҲһ㣬Ծݶ֮ϣҪһ
ù֪Ǻʧһ
üͷһ壬ǵһ˵תͷ֮ˡ
ȻڴʱâڿնԶӰķȥһһɫƵӣǸոʧ֮ˣϵȴǼ֮
ԳƬ̣ݹɳ˽
ܿ죬ԽԽʿԶĹȥ
󸽽һҵ֮УŷҵŮ˳վһߣͷԶĹӰ֮Ҳһ˿ϲ
û뵽񷾵Ƭո˷ӦŰչ򣬱ùѾˡĿ˸Ŀգ˵
ϣҲɡŮĿ֮һ˿תͷ˵
Ե˵ͷ
Ůִ̧һöɫӣһ˸󣬰ȻֳһͷëݣκͲӥƣһ׷һ
˷ƮȻڳݱϣ˫һչһ磬Ŷ˱ԶӰȥ
ԶԶĿ˼۶ɵĳɫһۣĿϵŮһӶһ˿Ȼ
ȻֻһƳϳǸŮȻûмҲ²³ݡ
ʱԡһ죬Ҷƹ͵еλʦҲһɶԡ
ù벻֮꣬Ȼܿһ졣ҶƹԶĹӰɫ֮ϲʣһһһԵĻλʦҲһ̾
Ҷƹ˵ıùʲôӸոտʼвں֣תͷʵ
Ǻǣˣʹвãѹû˵ùҶƹԣ¶֮ɫ˵
˵ùʵ̫ʱڵһʿż
̫żһ⻰һһԺиֳԼص伮
ݹżϵļأν̫ʱڣǱϹʱڻ֪˶ǧ꣬ؼԪԶŨʱڡ
˵ʱϹħ廹δ˽磬ҲԶڷٲʢٱ
̫ʱڴͨǲ鱦ǲ绮ֶڴһ
֪ʲôԭ˽ͻȻһش٣ô˽Ԫǰϡøһɱ֮ʿ䡣
ƫƫʱ˽ͻȻϹħ巢̶֣һս˽屻˴սӴ˴˺ϹʱڵĻ
Ǹ˵еʱڣһЩ伮Ҳɲ꣬˵硣Ͼʱ̫ңԶҲֻ̫ŵĵ伮жһЩǵƬΡʱѶϢϡ١
ù̫ʱĩڣһλбĴ֮ʿ޽ר˵ӵż
Ȼλ֪ܲԭ֮󣬽˻ùԿףҲһ쾵ķѳǧƬֻ֮ддƬпܽ˻ùӶõĪĺôһ˵ʱԽãõĺôҲԽ󡣡
쾵Ƭ΢΢һ䣬ɨһۻ΢΢̵ֱۡ
Ҷƹ˶Զľ޴󹬵Ӱû⵽仯
ùĵص㣬ⳤиþˣһ㶼˵š˻ùÿƿճֵĿʱ䶼̶ǧһꡣʶʹ˵õ쾵ƬҲмߣûмƬغڳиġ
ָ꣬һֱϵĴ̷ģҶƹ˼֡
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Ҷƹλʦڳдʮʱ䣬Щŵ˵˲٣Դ˺ܸȤ࣬ޱĽһЩ;˵Ĵ˵˳
һһһԱùҲ˲٣еĺôҲɵȻĶ
˵ùֻҺڵʿܽȥҽ֮ǰƺҪһ飬ʵ֮ʹоƬҲ޷ȥ
⣬ùʱ䣬ʱһͻὫ֮˴Ͷٴʧ
Ȼǧѵһ̫żҲȥոֺˡ΢һ֣㻯Ϊһźڹɳ۶ȥ
ʹƽʱһ˼ſޣ벻Դ˵ҲȤҶƹĶݹԶȥǺһЦ
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˵˺һ󣬱ܿȥ
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һЩ̫ԶľƬȻΪɥֻεķ˴˴λᡣ
ùķ򣬲ʱܿһâȿֺһɶ
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Щʿվľ֮£ֱ֮УԸ߿еľ޴Ӱָָ㲻ͣ
ʱһźԶ߼۶︽ղһٵĲͣ
ȥֳһӰûɵĺ󺺡
һ̧ͷ˫Ŀ΢е
ڷֻ֮ܿһƬӰ£ùӰҲ
ɸߵ׳ڰɵİ֮Уʱɢɫӫ⣬ƻã·Ϲһ㣬ù֮
Ŵ˹һһĻع񣬲¿һۡ
ֻʿǧ֮࣬ɫĶǰĹӰͷӶ۷׷ס


556 ʽ
ùͨ屻һ㾧Өҫİ׹ĻС
Ӱ·һЩģʽݺȻӹŴ͸Ļ£ӦñǱùΨһˡ
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Ө񣬿ȴ͸һ쳣֮С
һ֮£ųһƾɨ˹ȥ
ֻ߾ʱ򣬾ȴƺһεıϣҲ޷ֺˣһΣϢ
ȻӲ֮ˣʲôýġ
һת£ջ˾ͬʱĿһ˿֮ɫ
ùһΧֶ棬ʵ̫ʿż
ڴʱʽݴһԶԶȥȴڳʵʽˡ
ɫһҲɫĿȥ
˿ڳݵģһɫƵ꣬һ۱ϳǴǰڷ֮Уһʧùˡ
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귽һ̤ʽݵĵһ·ɢһɼɫϼ⣬΢΢ҡһ£ֺܿƽ
ˣһüͷ
ΪҺڣȻܷ޹վȵ飬ǽʲôĽƣܹ㲻ȡ
̢һϸ룬ЩȻҶƹ˵ĽùĿ飬رʽˡ
һ̤˵ڶ
ԽߣϵϼԽ·ƴĽŲһ㡣
һĽݣһٽס
˵ע£еٶԽԽߵʮ׵ʱ޷סٴҡ
ҲרעѵǰʾȻҪúÿ
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͸տʼʱƣ÷סһʼߵİȣǵߵʮֿ֮ʼҡ
ҡҡͷݻнӽһ룬ڱ¶ƣ̬֮ܳŵùȥ
Ȼڻǵʽݵʮ༶֮ʱȻ罬Щҡҡ׹֮Уһ˿ɫ͵̧ȣҪϼʵ֮ʱȴһȻһһԱˤ巽һݣ㱻ϼһֱӺɳ˽֮⡣
ˣҡҡͷ
ɳ֮󣬺ȻֱϷɳһ̹⣬һԶɶȥ
̹֮Сܿһ龧
濴ֵʿʱһʮݹ̹⳯ⷽ׷ȥ
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ΧȺвʱ˶Żָָ㣬˷˳Ц֮
ɫҲѿ֮һţΪһƹ⾶ֱ뿪ˡ
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עĿ֮£ȻȥͬһƽļȺ
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üͷ΢ݹ͸ϢһֺϤĸо
âһ¶һΪߴꡣ
ʱһ
겻ǱˣȻС׽һĲȺŹȻҲΪù
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Щ㵵УΧʿҲһۣߵʽǰֱ˵һݡ
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ʵŽ͸ղӦû᲻һġ
Ȼʵٶȱ֮ǰĻ˲٣Ƭ̼Ѿһ֮
ڽӽһʱ򣬱ݺݺɵģǲϵ黹Ǵݲȣһӡ
ʵţ
ȸոǸ֮ǿˣԻûöȫ
Ⱥ֮۷׷ףȻȽϿòҲһ֮࣬Ҳһϸϸ۲Ųһ·ʵǵĹ̡
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ڰʮ弶ʱϵĻâԵøΪҫۣȻע˲ٷӡ
ھʮݣѾЩļظͷð˶ĺ飬ÿһԵüޱˡ
弶֮ʱһнһŹֵķӡĻһ˫֮иâʢ
ŵšһ岽ΧֻϷϹɿһǸߴѵ˵һټݣ˹Ŵ
Χʿжʱһ̾Ľ˼ʣҲ¶˼ɫ
վȺ֮Уüͷȴǲһ¡
ĺȻ˳ͨ˿飬һʱѾʼһѪ˿
һݣһֱͨŵĿʯƽ̨Ѿûâ
վƽ̨֮ϣֱһ̹⣬˱㡰ಡһ£ֱӴ˴ŴĻһûӰ
˳˱ùϴű쾵ƬʿУʱв¶ɫ׷סˣ̱˴Ⱥ߳ҪԵʽݡ
Ͼڱ񷹬ʱԽôҲԽġһ̽ȥȻռı˸һЩ
õ쾵Ƭ֮ˣȻǼΪҲҺкڣûһߡ
һᣬ˽˿飬ȻֻһƾϵһƷǿͨĺֱڿշĹžƬȻһֺ
һĻȻڶྵƬӵӭͷһˮԭԾԾ֮ģʱΪ֮һ
һʱ䣬ûʵǽˡ
ڴʱȺ֮УһĽ껺˳Ŀ͸¶һ˿֮ɫ
һݺ󣬲¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ҳʶǰһֵŵɳͨ졣


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ɳ̨֮ͨվΣĿ΢һ󽣾һİɫƤңʱһĿһһˮɫɽʱǰ
һ̣ɳͨзһɿ任ɫɽųѤĹâͬʱҲɢһ
һһס塣
죬һӰͰɽͨ죬һֱӳ˽ݡ
һ
ɳͨʹ֮Ȼһ
ɫգۼԽʮݣ󷽽һ·һ㱡ɫĻɫ֮ǰ
Ŀɿڴǣɫ˿ͣûУһ·˹ȥ
Ļڿ֮󣬷׷ױķ顣
ɫԽʮݺٶҲһķ
ȻɫɭȻһźȻֳʮĻ赲
ļϣһĻȴȻһΪһºɫǽ·СɽĵĽ֮ϡ
ɫȴͻȻɳͨһߣɫⶸȻС˼֣ɫȴӶĿۡ
⼸£Ȼײ˹ǽ֮ϡ
䡱һ춯صľ졣
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ɫһɳͨȻѾֱ˰ɫ֣뵽˹С
վȺǶʽݣǰ󲻹ʮĹٶ֮죬Χ˴ƵĿɿڴ
ƺǱɳͨ׹ظȾ̱˳Ǯǰͺ̵ĵʽݡ
ϧǣ⼸һʱͷԷȣʵȴС˺ܶ࣬յ蹤򣬶ݺˤ
ϣǹȥɡ
Ⱥ֮УŷҵŮ˵һͽȻ˳ȥ߼ˣҲһԲȥ
ŷҵˡȺϳŮݡ
ŮһȻĻ˽ݣƬ̹򣬱ʮ༶ݣϻȥֻٶԻ
߼ˣɫһҲվʽ֮ϡ
߷һ̤ϵһݣʽһ˴ĿʹâϷŮʱһףæڷס塣
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ȻϢԳ˻ڣȻﵽ˻ڵĳ̶ȣʱסΣҪһȴƺǾˡ
һ̣һɿķȡһѰɫߣд£һӣһİ׹Ȼ伤ŮϣΪһİɫȦ
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ȻŮﵽʮ弶Ժ·ܵų֮ƺͽȻȫͷϸ˫Ŀ죬ɲͣߵֱҲ»ζ
ϷŮİɫȦҲȻ䵭˲٣Ҳü΢΢һ壬һɫâһָâʱǰ漸Ľ֮ϵϼ⾹һп
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˿һۣϢήҵ˼㣬ҡҡͷ
ַһֶΣʽԿԸ֪վ֮˵ΪָӴʽݵͨѶȣ븨֮ʵ߳ṩİѶȣҸܷ֮֮ҲԲС
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558 
еһһȥǿͷӦٶȣƬ̹򣬱׵Խʮݡ
ȻŽݵԽԽߣµϼҲԽԽŨ֮ܵҲ޴Եñ仯ˡ
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谭ʮݺ󣬱Խԣƺÿʮݣ֣֮仯ٶҲĪ⼸֡
ƾ述Ȼʿǿڹ˾ʮҲеЩӦӲϾ
µĲһ٣Ȼһһž죬ͽȻһأͬʱðΧתһХһ
һֻ̣һᣬ˷ѹ΢΢һЦ׾ٵֵ弶ݡ
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״ЦһֻһŤһģĴԭȻʧ
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һٵٴγڴʱʶһɨȷ޾Ǻ󣬵ǰԲȫһץ㵽Уһϸۺ󣬲˵һ䣺ԭνı飬ȴǻɫģӸղŻɱĻֻ͵ȵĴڡ
ʱٴҶƹ˸˵ģйЩù顣
˻ùǰֹ˶ΣһȻҲͱ˽߰˰ˣβഫ
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ÿһùʿڻɱЩ޺󣬽ӻʵһõ̺ٲһ޲к顱̺ԽߣɫԽ쳣ʶҲΪɫɫɫɫɫɫࡣ
񷹬ʿֻҪڻù£Ϳڴ˹ʧǰ͵ĳ޴ֱ̳׼Щ飬ȡֵڹ󱲵ĸֱҾ˵ֻҪ㹻Ʒ㹻ߵĻֱӻȡĳҲǲܵ顣
ҲɵҲùԭ֮һϾʵɨЩ޶ûκġ
˼Ϻ󣬲ϸ
ȴֻ߲ЩɫͷĿ֮У޷һ
ȫһ̝ǽڣǽϲرֻ֮ǸһɫʯŽգƺֱͨڴ
ߵĳʯŸǰһ㣬ʯž΢΢һһ
ԥƬ̺󣬱һⲽ롣
䷽һ֮УĴűкϡ
ɫĻߵ룬ܺȻȻһҷ£ȻͷɢƹľҰ
ЩҰɳһԽɫ쳣񣬿вʱ³Źֵĺ֮
üһʶһɨ£ЩҰȻҺڵΪ
⼸ͷҰȫ˫ĿƹȻһͷһк󣬵׷׵ͷһϡ
Ŀһ䣬˵εͬʱһɫСһ
ʮֱָ仯ɫɽڿеһ󣬱㻯ɫӰҰ׷׼ȥ
һɡ󣬳ɫӰ׷׵ķ
˲΢΢һһ߼߶ɫɽһ˫Ŀ΢еϸ۲
ֻЩҰϻɫԱĳķƣͳ̶֮ߣķ޷ֺ
˼ζ䣬Ұȴʼܲ˺ϵĳɫӰǷ׷פһɫһ󣬴˷һѹȥ
üͷһ壬˫ַһżСĳɫʮָ۶𣬲˲ӭɫ
ʱлʢɳɫ˷ϯ֪ɫһҷ̼䱻ȼմ
ûһˮУһģ󣬱㻯ӰҰȥ
һХ󣬼ֻɫҰȭӰ涼䣬׷ױͷҪıǳɫԲ˵ϡ
һƿ˴һɫʯš

񷹬⣬Ȼ½½Һǿߴ빬ڡ
պĳŨƵĴ֮Уܼž·ʲôһ㡣
һ㣬Űɫ۵˿վڴλãһ˫΢΢ţ·ȡܵĶ
Ȼɫ΢΢һ˫ĿйɫһӰһģʧԭء
һ̣һҷдһžžı
ţʮöԲһأаɫɫеӡ
ѸٽԲһεʧ˴֮С

һ֮УһɫȹԼ˵ŮϥһƷʯĲŷ
Ȼһƣһ֡
Զһͷ˶ĺɫԳſڵһƬ̺һɢ֮УһżСɫԲĹ
Ů״Ŀ¶һ˿ϲɫ㵥һУԲ䴢֮С

תۼ䣬תתʮˣȴЩűߵĸо
񷹬Ĵ໥ӣ޾·Թһ㲻֪δǾͷ
ǰʱ䣬һ·Уһ߰ʮȴδߵͷ
Ʋ⣬˹϶ĳ֣һ߶оͷ
Ҷƹһĳ̳ȵùʧǰʱȻҲܻڴǰġ


559 ż
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ҲûҪڵ˼˻ྯŶԷۺ󣬽ղĸѡһͬʯžʹ뿪ˡ
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ͨ峤ɫ˫ǳֳһȦȦɫƣͨ屻һ㵭׹һ˫оʢ
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Ī񷹬֮Уи߼Ĵڣ
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ǻϵĻޣʵ£նɱģ¾޼ˡ
뵽ҡҡͷѡĳ򣬱һʯŵ˽ȥ

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һգ񷹬ĳʮɴСĴ֮С
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Լһλɱħ⣬ڳеİ֮ڴʮСģûĿʾ˹ϣҩĵҲӦò˵ע⡣
ս񷹬Ҳδ̫ŷΣǴŮһ۾ϳԼܺԼ֣Ȼĸвˡ
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ӹˡͬʱ˫Ŀ΢еĴǰλŮһе˵
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ŷպգԵһ֪ġ񷹬ʱޣ»ȡһЩ飬һˡٺһ󣬾˫һĸ
֮δȴŮڣһ˴һ࣬һ㽫ʯһһ̱ʧŮ֮С
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תһ룬ʱǰڴӣͬе꣬˿ԼἰһЩ顣
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һӰʱɳȥɺ󣬵׹һʢģƾյִʧˡ


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˿ЩӦӰǰɱģϧЩæµ㳤ʱãȴȫС
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սʱ䲻ҲΪҡ
Ҳ㶯߰˷£նɱֻλޣͬʱҲ˲ַȻðȻ뿪


562 浤
ͬһʱ䣬ùĳʮɴСĴ֮УһսݱĽš
һȥɽɫӰصһ޾
һеԴͷȴڴϷеһͨ屻ɫâӰ
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һʱڣһЩնɱ˼ͷޣʱգЩĻ޵һЩлڵʵЩϻЩ˺ۣǰʿսµġ
ΪϲǣÿÿɱЩ֮󣬳˻ޱı飬õһЩʿǰռı顣
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ڶȻĽɫУǼƷƣȻѱһնΪƬˡ


567 һ·׷ɱ
һ׷һӣƬ̱㴩Ƭƽأɽ岻Զˡ
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568 
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ʱԽп಻ֽмʮһ֮ھֻʣ֪Ҫһ·Ӷݵʲôʱ
һ׷ӵתۼͳһ졣
һ֮һƬʯ֮УһƬ޴ʯдһɫâ׷󣬲ʱ顱ı֮
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⵽ðΪ֮һĿһת̾Ϳ˺ĽӰһɨ֮ɫһ´䡣

ʧһֺҲĿ³޵
һ죬˲ǱһƬƬɫӲëͬʱʮָ⣬¶ü両ֳһ֣˰뻢ģ
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ʱӰѾһ΢΢һбݹ⣬һ̧֣һĽնȥ
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֮ǰĽⲻͬ˽һʧ󣬾ͳʮ⣬һģֳ˸Զ֮
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һͺȻһצĳһםצײ˽ϡ
һ
ѲУһĵǰԶȥһȺ󣬾ƹһļǰƴӡ
ԭӰȻǽһԵĶݹ֮УŮת׿һۺ䣬ɫЩ˼֡
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569 
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һһӴ˹ĻһİϢ̴洫
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һţȻ̫ʱָķЩ֣һۺ֮ĸʿˮһֺ̾ͻһЩ򵥽и֡
һӣݳ̫ʱڱѴڣͨƣƣǴ˼񷹬֮֮ǿ޷
һ뾵ԼߣͭΪǶ׭ģէ֮ͬһƽӣȻȴӵ֮Ŀֲͨ
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ڶʮؽƵĸַΪǹһЩȻʧϹߣӦоС
˵޷͵һŵķȣκһŵ½֮УҲȡ֮ˡ
Ϸһ֮ʣµļţȴǴҴһƳģûһһ꿴ˡ
ǵһЩǧ꺱ҩȲϣϡƷΪ
һЩŴʿʹõļƷԲϣһЩж򵽵Ͳϣһʯӡ
ʱֽѾٿɫһı飬һ֮£һһȡ̳ǰһ֮С
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ǧ֥һּ亱ҩĮܼΪĮгϮţֻǧŻһ˥ڣԽժʴҩ඼ǧǵǧҺıر֮һ
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һϸѡѡһƷҩ񶦡
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˶һת󣬾ͻСûֽˡ


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ڱùŵĵطӰһĵȻֶ
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ŮӶͷתͷȻһЦСǷһ飬ԺлĻ౨
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µѣӵǲȻֵܹĻΪŵӦǴлİɡǧ̻İ׷Ŀô˾һ˿ɫȴһ룬ЦǺǵ˵
ѹˣʦֶҪĥһġͯȻٴοͬдΪȣȴɫǫѷ䡣
֮漴ֺ󣬰׷߱һݹоȥֻʱĻ׿һۡ
ȻԺˣȻҲԸڴ˶ɫյӼˣҲһԲ뿪ˡ
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֪ڳִ񣬻Եɺ·ŵõһö쾵Ƭܽ˻ùġҲ΢΢һЦĻص


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Ͳ̸ж飬ϾֹԵйһΣȻҲ̸ʲôİ
̸ֽ˼󣬲Ҳ뿪ˡ
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º󣬰ԭʦ֣Ӽǰأ佻һȥһ̣ϵȡһ󣬱㶯·̫š
ʮպɽһʯ֮߳ʱ˿ǰϤľ󣬱΢ȻһЦƮȻȥ
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Ȼͷ­Ѿָݣִ֪˺Ȼͷ­̼ͻָľ޺ͷ­ģ
ִȷͷ­ʵԺȻ¶Ծı飬׵Ľ

֣òˣ
һصƮԺϿգҪԼĶɽʱȴӭһˡ

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˵ﻰѩʦô˿Լ˵һִֶ࣬Сȶûвμӡһ˵
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˵⻰ǸƮȻȥˡ

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ڴ˶ס˼꣬Դ˵һжϤһ֪档
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˵ʲô޹ԣŲһ٣һתĿ˲֮
ŵӵĹأÿһڴûвμСȵĵӣڰڶȨԭСǰʮĵӣһսʤˣܵõСȵĽɵĺܣôҪսʤˣ˴ȻҪˡҲһ䡣
ȻǰҲҺΪپеһۣ˿ͬߣȻѾöѴˡ
ٺ٣޹ͷԺﻹһոżСһҲսܺãҴӦˡ޹ЦһڴӦ
֣ǰҲû˵˵ЩСԼʵš
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޹һΣΪһŰɫĽȥ
һӺ˱˫˫ƮԺһ䳡С
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˿ֵ磬вƮԺڴˡ
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ʮħȻҲǱŵնɱݴѾȥȷϹϢαһʱһЩ˵ע⡣

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֣鵱΢΢һƺ뵽ʲôһ㡣

Ȫ֮еһ֮УշϥУĶͷһöɫ򣬰ι󣬲ȡ
ħŮһ˿ɫ

콣һ֮Уɳͨһ̫ʦϣ״һŻµӵͷ˵ʲôԼȶۡ
ˣȥɡɳ֮ͨ󣬲ͷĻ֡
µӹ֮ɳͨһĴ̫ʦֱֱḧһĽңɫޱȡ

նǰùңһССĸĶա澭ϴǰλʦ˵ģڷ봦һĹۡ
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ͬʱɽϿ֮Уɫݹ˷Ȼȫݷ巽ȥ
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ԺˣҵԺ½һյӣҲʹֹ֮֮ͨ⣬ֶӳµǣҲԶڷϵܼڣ˷ȷԺܴŹʵġһЦ˵
ԣֻ΢Ц
޸˸һ죬һЦģ
˴Ժڴ˴δȻʮӣǰʮĵӲ˻ֵڶԴڵķԺͬܵڰõԴڸԺʮķչҪ
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ھһİӣԼʮţ֮ǰһೡĿǰʣ°ʱ䣬Լǲϳˡ

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һʮţսʮĺšִµޱ
һ˻һЦ߳ȺһԾ̨


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ͬʱݷ岻Զһɽͷϣһͷ𹿵Ļˣס˸ڱȶдܶ飬ɥ
𣿡ӵ˵
ǰ𣬲֪ǰǡ˿ЩƣڷԼ˿޷ܵԷϢ󣬵ɫһĹֻص
ܺãϷ̩峤ϣһʦȥݷԹսû뵽ȴڴ˴㡣ԣ¶һ˿Цݡ
ʵãδܽ뱾δǰʮ˿иǰ̧һһЦ
޷˾ССܣ˾ɥϷ˴ǰ˴δΣҪ̩ġҲ̩ǳʦԸ⣿Ӱ˰ִһЦʵ
ǰԵ棿ԣȻϲ
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ǵʧˡæΰݣǰһɨգ˷֮ɫ
ڵһȥ㶯ɡ˵գ󣬱һϼһжĳƿնȥˡ

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һȶǰʮڳ¯
ǧŵӱٮٮߣһſվڰ̨֮ǰȺš
˿δȥǧӣĽ̨Χ˸ˮйͨһôǰʮߵķɡ
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ݹһ󣬺ȻԳһЦӣʮ˾ӣһЩĽɫۡ
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ˣóĪ̫һһԾĵ
ûĻȷǴˡ֮ڣó̫ߣҲʶ֮ˣ;ǺˣϵáҲһɻ֮ɫص
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ˣȻλѾûȶڿʼʤ߾Ϳɲǰʮӿ͵ĿҲһ˿ɻ֮ɫȻʹ
䣬һִ´мһ̨ơ
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ͭҲݣһεģ㡣
Ȼ˵ʱʱ죬ɫһ󣬻ǡ͡һ貿һնɳһ糤˿ڣѪʱȪӿԼ¶ɭɭĹͷ
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һִ̣Ӱһ̨֮ϣĿһۺʤߣƮԺ
һֺ󣬱㽫ľ߿ܼƽʿһնҲǲһ
һԣûռϷ磬Ԫɽ֮ҲֻܲȡֶΣһʼɳĽƽʿ͵ͭԣȻ͵ϮĻ¾޷׽սġ

ոľ߿ܼʿȻܷ֮ųӦǳ칤λʦְ֮ɡ֣µԽԽȤˣ˵һٶڡü߿̨һ˿ת׳Ž˵
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Уغս軥һۺ󣬶ЩΡԺȵǰʮӣȻڸԭ򣬲ȫܱɽϿУŵģҼǿУҲڴȽļ˽ټġ
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Щǣȴ׷ȥûһ˴һ࿴һۣȻѾ˵ǵѡ
ƮԺǰĵӼˣҲɻ֮ɫ
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սҲ̾ϢһֱкƮԺһһͬ뿪ɽ塣
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ЩϢǱֵʮƽֻȻĬĬÿ̷ҩ
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˵ҩҲǹӦеҩʦƳţڶͻᱻ˺һա
Ͼͻƻƿĵҩʵ̫˵㡣
һ˼󣬱㽫ƿٴθϣȻͬʯһͬСĵֽС
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Ѵ˷Ժ֮УѹԺȡõһʵǿϲɺءҾֵ֪ʵǳ顣Ȼ뵽ʲôƵģ¶һ˿Цݵ˵
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ҿڹ׵㣬ſ㹻һԳЩ֮ЧĹġĿ֮һâת£΢΢һЦ
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ڽս֮ʱĿͨΪԶʩ֮ˣ޷ϳڣսԵп˵ʵ֮
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顱һɫâһ֮£˲䳯൯
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һվɽشϣȴһɫ«ڵĹƣʱ˼Ʈϳȴ֪Щʲôġ

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彻ԷӹֽҲд˼档
ʱİӣҲ֪úַͬ壬ҲͷĻ˳ٽӹֽɨ˼ۡ

ʱ֮Ȼ뿪˱󣬴˿ϺȻʮʯҲԸԼҪϢ
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Ѫħɫһо޸һϷһƬҫ۵Ѫ⣬ûӰױ㽫̷ͺ߽÷顣
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ʱʮ㣬Ѿһʱ֮ˣշƣ˶ɫ졣

У顢Ӱͣʱڴһǣʱڴ롣
ڴһۿĻֻ·˲һڴһĳ֣һʧ
ʨȻӴ󣬵ڼӳַҲûһɫӰĽ׷ͣ
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ڴʱһ⸡ֶһȫû֮УͬʱɿһŽԪһģҲУ˲䲻Ӱ
У㽫Լͬʱһһʤ
ͬʱоֻͷӰһţĺ
ʨʨȻҲЩõĹ죬һ֮£зѶΪɹɿȥԼһɫ绡С
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ʨ޼ˣһŹֵĺУ˫֮£ڻ쫷֮£ǰһͷһ˶ȥδ˵޴Ȼϼ
ۡۡ
ͷӰһţķϤһ̶£顱һеıѶʨһ˸ա
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ܿ˱ɽ֮µһջ֮ϣջÿԶһŵӵסƣеĶǴŽյӡ
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ķӣҪ綴δڣ̱˫ۣĿϵķ֮ϣʵ
ݼǰӵȷķ¡˵ţȡƣǰ˹ȥ
̽Уȡһ磬֮ϣʱ׹⿪ʼ
֮ûн綴Խȥ綴ʮ˴ڶʹãҪڴ˾һЩʱգϷ飬գʮձɡ⣬֮󣬽Ʒ붴еĵ氼֮ڣÿջԶ۳һǧ㹱׵㣬׵㲻ĻᱻڽԶ̧׵˵׻УͬʱĿɨϵŵӡ
⣬ƷŻ֮󣬵ߵһԣѧŵӣһ֮
֮ǰѾˣ綴Ϊֻܹʮ˸һֱǹӦҪŶӵȺʵֻҪȴʮջܽܡ
ʮʱһμ֮ԾںŶӣ˿ȴվһͷ֮ڡ
Ʒתһɫžе͵ſھž֮зɳһ׹⣬ϡ
ȫһ㵭İ׹⣬ȵҺ֮С
ǡԵֿҷĸʴ֮Ӧ綴еĻֻάապʧ֮ʱܲס֮㽫ȡʮϢ򣬱ɴͳ̶
лǰѡһֵ˵
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ֻǰһĿ⣬һһһ̱һ֮С
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607 ħ˫ɷ
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˵ǣڤƿѾʼɶļ
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ʱصķĶ֮УϿʼ˱չء
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ʱһȥķʮźŵĶա
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ͬʱ̲֮⣬һµӿһװλ̣һ˿ɫװµģߵķȥ
ʱԺһɫһ󺺣뿪˳С
ͬʱһɫݹҲһĳ˷УȻĶһ֮Уĸ˰յĺ֮
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ɫӰһ˲м˰ռӿٶȣ׷ȥ
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ͬʱҲһ꣬зɳһɫ⣬ֱնС
˾ԭǺܽâһ㵽ǰ
һһӣīĺӿûС
ߺͺɫâ֮У漴ײ֮˺ڲѡ
һ֮ʱԾһ۴󺺣ͻһǰһסȥ·
үѪâζΣԹԽϵʯȫүһʹ졣۴󺺹Цǵ⡣
ҲһЦ
˵ĺϻ֮ϵޱȣԷȻͬҺڵΪ۴Һڣ֣͵Ϯ϶ûʧֵĵ
Ƕа֮Уħ˫ɷ̾ڳиŻһЩ䵥ʿ
رǴӽһЩ֮ˣϻдƸҪĿꡣ
ڷ֮п̣˲ɵö˼
ԭǵɱﵣЩʧ֮УȻ


608 ټ޲T
ħ˫ɷɫһ䣬æʩǶ˵ţ뺣һ㣬ͻȻʧȥϵ
ȥֳӰֻ֮ƯͷСһź
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Ȼƾʹ÷߶˿Ҳ˿ûжˡ
ħ˫ɷɫɷףﻹ֪ߵ壬һ֮󣬲Լͬתɶݶߡ
ߣЦһ˫һţǵصĺɲǼϿӿԺѹѹһƬľϯ
ħ˫ɷոշɳʮɣ㱻һ֮С
ֻǰһڣ˲ʧȥ˷УܶʱһƬڸǣǺХĺһ±һ֮С
֮һڣڤвġڤͨΪԻûһƬɲٿصĽգС
һɱˣΪһͨ
ң˾˵ɾ磬ڤռ֮У۳һЩ䣬ǹĴڣͣĹ֣֪
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ͨܺ;ڶܽһͬʩչܱģ˵ڤͨ䲻ոŶѣԺ󻹴Ǳڵġ
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ֻÿζϾľ޴ŵɶʮڹ׵ſʹһΡ
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ʱ䣬ַ˼صĵ伮ἰҲͬ뿪˲ؾһƣԼĶƿնȥ
׼ٹһԲ󣬾׼Ѱҵ伮صЩȻͿԳƿˡ
һգڶ֮˵յԺ󣬱㽫עʶĻ챮֮Уٴνûʶľþ֮һ
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609 
޲Tǰδˡ״һ˿죬ȴһֵ
޲TѾʮδֻ֣ÿӻԶþĻʶϳȡЩħ֮Ȼؿռ֮УѲʲôҪ飿
ߣ㲻֣Ϊλ鷳ˡ޲T˵ͬʱ¶Щ֮ɫ
鷳ԣȻһͷˮ
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ʲôд顣ɫˡ
֮⣬Ϸһ䡣һȡ֮ʱԼ֮ʱµķΪδܽ׻Ļȫ֧һ´εļȡģ㲻ɣԪҲȥ֮ࡣ޲Tޱ˵
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ӰõĽָͨƺظһ˼󣬱ҡҡͷʶ̽ڶϻ֮С
飬ʮһؽƵļƷûצƳɵԲ飬̺֮ƳɷοɽΣлỽһ˿ֻꡣ
ڴΪĶҪʮһؽƳʮأȴ鷳ҪָϣؼǻҪԵԲϣռɱҪ꣬¸ʵã̾һһνʶһϻ֮С

Լʱ֮ãŴִƫⲽеϻ֮УȴһʮؽƵļƷۡ
˵ƷΪĶȴҪԼȥӡƳɷܷ֮ܡ
˼ȴѾƷȥռͿɷЧԽƷг;ķ·ʱ⣬·;ʱ䡣
ʶĿǰ˵õġ
һ֮˵ټ죬Ϊ޷ִֻԺ޳֮ſ;·ġ
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Ȼ֮⣬ҲȥʲôֵķҩҲһ

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ˮ黹ãֱӽ˷һʦ֧һʯ󣬱ڷٴȥ֮ʱֱȡˡ
öΪΣȻʾˣύ޲ˣʶԼ˲˼ӷйһֵƵĲϣԶֺ㻨ʮգŽ޲ȫˡ
ֽлһոµɫСҲ½Ʒɽ
ԭȵǿڻɫСȴΪʱ̫عѾֵȥ޲ˣʶɴ»һ
֮⣬ֽһǻżöķԾʯһķ
ˮ͹Ƕһն󣬾˼һվ뿪̫ŵʱͻȻ˵
üͷһ󣬵һĨбһԲ̣ŵɫ֡
ʲôɽˣҪзڵȥĿһɨϵֺϵһȻ֮ɫһ䡣
ȻλԴȻҲܲȥġ
֮󣬱뿪˶ķ嶥ƿնȥ
һٷķһƫ֮Уľۼ˶ʮŵӡ
ЩȻǻھķڵеˡ
Щ˴ɫ죬ȻͻټҲһͷˮΪ׵һ̷ѹµŮӣȻķϯӣԳơ㡱ˡ
һ۵ӣǵɽִµķʦˣҲ֪ʲô꣬Ե˼֣ϵϢƺǿ˲١
ӣɢϢжϣڵҺڵӻ԰뿪ʮ˵ӣҺڵһͨķİΪףȥҲֻжʮ߰˵ģ
վڲ۽֮еһ꣬
ڼķںЩͬذɲϤһʼк󣬱ԹԵվﲻˡ
ĵ̸ţδǰڨ


610 ս
԰ڷŵļľϣмλϿţһ۵ӣһͷѾЩףȴô˵òһ˿˿ȫһŻɵʯ
ʵɲ⣬²ӦҲķĳϣǰʱݼֳȴС
Լ˰յĹһӴഫڳڵһʱ׷ͣ¿лķȥ
һ̣һһ۵ӣӴ˽
һɿһȴӤ󣬻ɢϢ֡
վȴԾܸоһЩѵѹ֮С
ݼʦ𡣡Ϊ׵壬ǰһһ
еҲǷ׷׹һ
ԭķ崫еˡֹһҲӦĸ֮ʩ֮һ
λϴ˿ҲǷ׷״λվΣһȭ
ˣλ˶ˡ뿪ķʮ꣬ķ˲żüãʮ֮ھ½ӣ⻹˳׻ڣʵ˿ϲɺ֮¡ĳڼ䣬Ҳ˼λϴΪַˡ˵ţĻӹ˹֡
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ټλǰ˴һΪ˼ϴһ棬Ϊһ컯һƽ˵
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ԣбһ
ǰȥĵ伮֮ʱɫ¹Ѫͻƻɹʵҩ֮һ
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һһȺȻһɧһԵ浤Ҳ໥һۣδ˵
Դ˴Σ׼һͬǰһҺӣһӣһͬǰĵӮô˳ԣǾɫ¹ޣȻ᲻ϧʹ͵ģԴӦһҪ󡣡΢˶ٺ󣬱ɫһٴο˵
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ܲμӱԲʤλҪһЩɫ¹ѪΪӦò̫֮ˡ
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˭ʦдһµģɲÿһԾˡλޡ㡱ԣһתȻһЦĳ˵һǿϢȻһ
ŵļҺĵӶʱоǰһ·һɽƾѹ׷סŵšĵ˳ȥԶվΡ
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ʶһڷվԭصδһ£Ҳ¶֮ɫλʦ㾹Ȼܷų˿ֲϢʵѷɫ浤ʿˡ
Դ˵Ǻֻ֣Ŀ΢΢һ󣬵ɨһۡ
Աߵ浤ϣȻҲע⵽λҺӵ쳣ͬĸȤĶ˼ۡ
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ǰģȴһСҹСͷ
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ʱԼ·ʿĲϽ룬Ұų֮ҲĻʱԼԶһ
һΣħʿסݵĸһյشֻ֣ҪӰ쵽ȻҲȥ档
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ǰ¡һ죬һŶѪȻըѪ
ѪĻȥһµӺȻֳΣֻǴ˿̾Ǳģ
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Ҳڣɫ԰쳣Ȼ˲Сˡ
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ܺãȻˣǱձӵӡǰɡѪԣ¶һ˿аЦݣһ֮£Ѫɫһɶ׷˶ͷ


622 ż
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ڴˣһϳǰŮӣڶĺڷӡ
Ůȴ˵һصĽʬ壬ǵϾûһѪеʬ嶼ֱӱһһ㣬֮ƮŵĽζ
΢ʬϣԼܿ½һѪɫͼ
Ϥԭ֮ˣϳǹųǸһרϲŮ޵¯аţѪñ־
꣬һڹϿ֮һɶųǷ򼲳۷ȥ

һºԭҰųһо֮˿һҵɱ
֮УһɫӰһɫӰϵײɢ䣬âﲻ
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ڴʱԶȻ¡¡ľһȻ߷ɱȻһʮɵľ޴ͭˡ
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Խվھ޴ͭ˼ͷû˵Ŀȴ˰˼ٸԶһź֮
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˼ΣĿһ˿ŭɫ뵽ŶԷʯ쾪һţȴû˵ʲô
ٸȻҲ֪ƾԼʵǰһ֮Цһ󣬾ͽһ
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һкԽµľ޴ͭ˫ѷɿԶ۶ȥͬʱһڹȴǰȻһöССĴ
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ƵҰųǸĲԭƵƵʿĪĶ˵Ȼ뿪
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ԭƽĵ棬ȴĺУֳ޴ƣ˷ӿ
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ڳ˶ߣᱻЩʯ
濪ʼ𶯵˲䣬ƿ˷ɫĶݹ׷ڿն
תۼ䣬ųϷգͱʿռ󶼾ϲӵԶճľ޴Ⱥ
ҰųϿգѪӸֶԶһ޴Ŀ䣬֮ŵ˵߰ɡ
䣬ѪӻһѪɫݹ⣬żȥʿɵĽȥ
һһϮɫȹĺڷգһ˫ͬԶżȻһЦ󣬵һһɫϼһ𣬹ס䶯˵ĽһںżХȥ
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ųϷȺ֮УһһۣɫƵڰ֮УŲԶյһ˿˼֮ɫװ
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ԭϹħżżһ࣬һڹһֳΣ͸Ļǰΰ׳Ĺżв̾һ
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ÿʮɾ룬һСʿ۾ĺŹĻһյĹ򣬴˴ȻۼǧʿЭӦǰȻ
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һĳƬĻ⣬ԲʮɷΧڣÿһξܿһʬڵϡ
Щʬɫ԰ףѪȫޣɱ·եһ㡣
ಡһһ߸ɱʬӲԶһѪб˳ȫ޵˵ϡ
ӣ˴ʿѾĲˡӰһһü۵ĺӳѪ
ЩνħޣڵľѪӵĶЩǲħʵû̫ôѪһҷһն¶һѪӢ꣬Ѫӡ
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Ǽڴٴϰʱû©֮㣬ʣµģҽżѪżɨһۺ󣬱Ѫ촽Ըһ
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һС͹һϿʱĶȻ޲Tʾ
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Լʮɳͨɱ쳣鲼һȦȦĺɫƣһ֣һ˫ĿնһƬĶסֻۿѡ
ʬ
һ˾ɫ΢΢Щ仯
ӦϹħ޺ͨɰǧħѾΪһֻħʬޡĿǰʵԸȻѣ̫ķʱˡֽҲʯڶֱӴֱӵħڴˡ޲Tٴ䴫
䣬ʬȴڵһ֮󣬿ºĳֱ˶
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ʯϲƬʯ鱻׷һ£¸
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żһյϣһֻʮɸߵ˶ͭפͭ˼ϣվһɫأũ꣬Խ
Ϊ·Щ鵢Ƭ̹ûżĵһʱ
ʱżĵѿӿݣܱߵĵϻŲٲȱȫʬ塣
һ⣬ЩϵĴһգϾѪһɶ
ھ޴ͭ˽ŵ£ǰҪ͵ϮԽ֮ˣѾ޴ͭһ׻ɱȳˡ
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Խˣͭ˴ȱڴһ룬ż񱼶ȥ

޲Tָ£һ鲼ֲ֪ݺǵĵС
˵ĶСܺɫǽӡŸֵɫƣڵĴһߵĺɫ̳˸źɫعΡ
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ûˣħ̳֮֮еģȻϢ˿ûйȴҵĸӦٴδ޲TĻ
˫ĿһУϸǰĺڝ̳


624 ̳ӡ
ħʯʯϵĶüͷһʵ
ⲢʲôħʯһЩĺھʯѡྦྷʯ֮Բĳϵղͬλðڷſγĳֽ磬ǰıĳֽ磬Ҳڣ˼̳ܵȻ𡣡޲TĽ͵
ԭˣǲƿ󣬾ܼħ֮ˡʵ
û֮˵֮ǰƿӡħ֮һ䣬ħһй¶пܱħ޸Ӧܿҵġ޲Tٴѵ
ԣ˵ͷ˵ǰ˼һöˮһ˫һ֮Ϊһö
ںϺˮ֮󣬿д֮£ֱۺһͺ֮£͵һȭһɺ
䡱һ
̳ǰ֮һһιĻֶڤӳµˮһùĻ֮ϷһƬѡ
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ԣͬӿʲôֻǼˮ飬һȭһȭǰͬһ

ͬʱżĳ֮ڣͬһŷεǰſһֻߣ쳣ɱĺɫǰ
Ժǰʬһ㣬һͷħʬޣʱķĹֽ
磬ҵȽֻʬޣȡƼƷħͻƻƿӦϣˡһӣǰޣٺһĵ˵
ѱħʴΪһֻħͻƻڣֽǱЩȡһЩħʿȻҪô٣䶾ҺʮմȾáһ׳ˣѵ
ԣһ֮ĴӦһͼ׷׼͸һ˶ȥ

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˽٣޷ֱʹãϹħһЩĲƣǻȥ֮󣬽˵ܵõһЩϡϡһ䡣
ʱһѪâһδüӦϱһߴСѪź󣬱ҡ˼µĵѪУ֮лקǰѲƵĺɫŽ
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˵ĶӵһУʱѪ䲱ΪѪߵûС
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ʱҲԶһ֮УȻصĽŲÿһ·̩ɽѹһ㣬õ涼΢΢һʮɸ߾޴ͭҷ첽
һ֮𣿡֮УѪ죬ЦһڰĲƹŽһ֮󣬱Ѫ󷽵ļ
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Ѫӣ
ԽһѪӣҲ΢΢һͭ˶ʱȻһͣԭء
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ԽԣɫһδкξٶͭȴȻֱһһֱƲӲӾֵѪһӭȥ
䡱һ죡
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625 ս
ԽǰѪһսջѪӼһͭ˿ܱԷޱѪûѪʩչ֮£ز˱ֱ÷顣
Խʧȥ˾޴ͭ˺Ȼַų߱ÿܣԲѪӵ֣ձ˺󣬲òԱͷܣڳݷزز
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Ȼһץжʱһɫ״һɫָ롣
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ԭָ룬ʱϷɿת𣬻ΪһƬģ⣬ͬʱ̱óҲһȦɫ
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Ụ̊ڹһȻһתָȥˣߵԽҲ

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һĳƬߵϵͤУȫǰһ̻ڴĲɿһ̣ȴԼͬͬʱһգֹͣĳȥ
֣ҶΪѾȱȫħ򶷲ݣȴһҵħ֮Ҫ֪˵ħһ˿ħֺ֮αڴ˿භݡһֳֺɫӣջĿ⣬˵
ߣҲգ͵Ϯ֮£뿪ż֮ˡһ˻䣬һ󣬳̳ĳƿնߡ
ǰ˼ΣҲһͬһɫݹȥ

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Ȼֳ޴Уʱ̳ܵɽһ⣬Х֮˲䱻ѹȥ
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Ѫϵһ㴢﷨һն󣬾תϸ˿Ѷķӡ
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󣬴ŮЦһ֮󣬾͵ػΪһźһƿնȥ

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½вƽԭԪǡ
ԪǴ֮ĴǣͬʱҲ̫ſƵļ˹֮Уһʿʢ֮ء
ŵʯɹʻʮɵĳǽԲǧ֮ضС
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ƬͨһҲ̤㡣
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˿̣һ۵ԪϣĿĿĵɨŵ·Ե̡
ԭħżѾȥʱ䣬ûмŻɽһֱ̫ſƵļ˹֮
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ˮ̣Ϊɣʮɿ
У̨ܴԵʮֿһŰɵĻܣڷ˲پĸϰټ֮ࡣ
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һһɨȴЩƷõҲǼƷˡ
һۼĻƣţоϢȻȷо磬Ҳ֪һˣæӭ


633 ˮ
λǰ뿴ЩʲôСĿΪܣƷȫƷϳˣԻġ
ŶʲôƷǿзγۣ˿дĻɫ糣ʵ
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˵ţ»Ʊһ·˶¥һװΪµĵ䣬һ֮󣬾͸ȥƹˡ
ӣһڣòζ嵭Դһ˿𣬵ҲǲļƷ
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Ѳ˿ҶԹάĿ΢΢һ㶣Ҳվһʶԭļ
ҲһλҺʿƺողڵӡ
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Щʧչ飬һ㶼漸һЩֵߵĻŻ֡
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Ŷ֪ǺϢĿʱ
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һһĽ֮ǰͣӼߵſڣ´š
ܿ죬һŮţ˳Ӻ󣬶ʱһЦʱһ˵ķȻɢЦԭˮĽƹλæ˽ôпյ
ȡЦĳˣν²½ˣҪһλҶѣμӽյĽᡣӺЦ˵΢΢ó˺
ŶλѿȻǽƼģǾɡŮȻͷԣЦһĿһۣ˵
˵ţŮӲÿһͨ
Ҷѣ±͵ɣϣѴ˷ջ񡣡ûнȥ˼һֵĸǵתȥˡ
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źϣڵĹ߱㰵ǽǶ¹ʯµİ׹⣬ΧһСƬռ䡣
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634 
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Ůüһƺ㲻òΪΪĺһֽӹƿƿһһŨҩʱƮĿʱһ
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ŮʶԼʧ̬Ϸһ˿̺죬æɫ
ⶫѵķ۰ɡ˫ֵפе˵
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˵꣬Ůߵǰ棬ǰȥһһǽ֮ǰ
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߿ŵƷ֥ˣʹաݸһ˼һЩ۸
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ֻټʮʯΣȡһһװʯƤ


635 Ϲ
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636 Ͼ
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麣еҺ̬Ԫʱйɵ𵴶ȻȽ֮Уʼתʵ˼֡
ܵ麣еֱ仯бһϲϾֿ֮ܽΪΪѭʹԼķڴ˹б˼֣ҺĳɹȻ˲ٵ


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ֻ輸󣬱㽫ջС
ͬʱͷϾĹâȻһѸٵ˻ȥ
ݶһۣҲΪ⣬һα۾
Ͼոս׵ڣڵԪûгȹ̣Ҫչһʱ䣬Ϣġ

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¬ʦ֣Ҷ϶Ϊ֮޷׻ڣŶδ˽뱾֮¡ԺĴȣԼսһͻʮı֣Ҳ֪ġʵϧˡһߣİСͯģ˵һϧ֮ɫҡҡͷ
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ԣ˵΢ͷȴһ˿˼֮ɫ


638 ״
콣ĳƫ֮Уշһ׹ɵʯǽ·˼ӡ
ʱһһɫ۵Ŷ룬첽ߵշɳͨ졣
ʦ㣬Ȼͻƻƿˣɳͨʵȴһ˿˷ܡ
ţҲո˵ˡ˵Ҫͻƻ磬ɹʼͣ仨˴ѹ׵㶯Ͼһͻ⻯ƿЩܵġôɳʦܺЩ˵ӣշƻͷɳͨһۣЩֵ˵
ãܺãԭΪԵһսˣɳͨͻȻ״ЦһеĴշǰĲ輸һӣͷҲصתȥˡ
ͻƻԺԭΪֹҺڣϬб䳬Խһ죬ʶһֱһź
շɳͨȥķһ˿֮ɫ֪Щʲô

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ʳɹͻƻڵ飬Ҳ֪˭˳ȥ˲˺䶯ڱ㼸˴ɽ
һЩͨӣϢ֮󣬸Ƿ׷׾ϲӡ
֮ǰһЩϢԺȵһȴûбκΪӣҺΪԴʮ㣬Ŷ֮ٴδǽʧ֮лع飬˲෹۵Ļ֮һ
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ʦػϹ̾磬سҲ顣˻ص
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639 ʦ϶
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ﾧ֪ԵʣСʮϲȴƫƫͨѾ鶦忼߰˴ʦ֤ȴûһγɹ
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Ƕμʦ϶ģﾧѾͷôˣһɨ֮ĿȴͻȻŮϣüͷһ˵


640 Ʒ
ʦ壬ֻʦôģ˳ѧϰһﾧգգ۾һͷ˵
ȻλϼΪϤ
Ѿͷ츳һ㣬ƫƫȴϲ˵ˣúôһߣҪ˵Ŀ졣ף컹ɽĵǰҿǺܾûпˡɽӣѵŮ㷢鶦ĵӣʵ
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644 ³
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һ֮󣬾ɽĳģĴ⣬һӭһСɽͷϣһӡ

Ѿ˸У鵤ϵЩռĲβ룬һдزݵĸϾһݶûйõ
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ɫһ䣬һΣٴδ߶Ӱ󷨣Ӱͬʱڡ
ɫӰֱһģһɫһ
ۡһһӰʱһնһȴһ֣ųһСܣӭһκ󣬾ͻΪɴСӲ˺Ľ
ʱɫӰȴȻһģȻһԶģĻˣתۼ䣬վͬʱֳʮһ޶ĽɫӰͬʱгһ󣬵Ľɫӿ۳һɫӣһľͽ޶ͬûˡ
һ󣬾ֻص˻ҝĿռС
Ȼ֮ٴΰڽ֮⵹ЩԤ֮⡣
λΪ̫һǿӣȻֶ˵ãȻ֪Էдͨ´ȻСˡ
ּþλӰѣԼʵս֮
ĻʵλҺڵĽӰֶκȻʼʤиʤฺ

һգؿռаȻ΢΢ĲǰɫҲʼģ
ಡಡഫ
ֻһĳԣǹЫͷ­ߡ
ʱ䵽ˣպʮ꣬׼ʱһ֮󣬵һڣһתϤо󣬾ͺȻѾٴλصԼС
ͬʱֻ麣һһɾ֮ķԴԴϵĴпӿ׷ûһʮö֮ڣһٷ򣬲ſͣס
Ҳ֮ۡһ죬ʧټδֹһ㡣
ʶһɨȻķֻһ룬ԼΪȴδ䣬ǻڵˮƽ
⵱ȻΪڷᾧԶһϵĻʿʹʱȱһ뷨Ҳάھ粻ġ
Ы­˿ȴһԣϱһŹûУīصĻˮһ㣬ĳ״ת
Ȼͨʶ֪ͨ˷Ҳ漫
з­ķ֮ʮҲǴһȻԾֳֻܷŸÿҲһȦʵ˲١
Ыβ׵ĹԼܣȻҲһ
һƤͽֻ˽ȥ
һкųһ
ڶ̶ڣȡ㹻ħ޲޲TеġҲ˳ġ׵˻ݵķȡһпưȻȹʵÿһǾĶǡ
һпƴãзЩ֮У龰
հʱԼΪչ˵յãڵǬԼйԵǸ˪Ҷʦ塭
˼ú󣬲˦˦ͷЩдԺֽٴγڡ
ֻ麣ֳһֵСӰǱֽ֮顣
ԭżѪӵһս⽣֮һ˴ȻǰȣȻ֮
ҲΪѪһսʹսߵ˽һ֣ôƳɵԪɽӸķɽ֮ˣȻڴ
Ѿ׻ҲҲʱʽԪɽˡ
ţһʶ֮һʱֳһĵ伮Ǳ̫
һգ˴˽֮Уʼϸ
һʶŴɫ伮֮л˳Ŀ֮ȴ¶һ˿Ź֮ɫ
˻ڣ̫ܷĲֶ˲٣еļأĿǰԼյһָȶڻͨҪӸĽ֮ӵһԪɽ°빦
ڵս֮飬ĴѾ޷ﵽעԪɽĻҪ󣬱跨ֲС
һԪɽ˺ʵĽ֮⣬ڳعעĽ֮壬ҲǱزٵġ
ֻн֮ȫע֮УپһԪɽֻ
յ伮ϼأԪɽһƳɹӦǷεȼģҵƻ͵ķ֮ϡ
ֻβͬǣһҪǴ൱ڱԪɽڴԺԼһ֮ҲԼԶɡ
ƳĽ֮壬γߴ綼ȫ⣬ٹעԪɽܷʮɵܣԶԶЩֻǿ߶ǰķοȵġ
̤粻֮ʱĿҶüǿ֮֮ټ֮־ȻѾҪƳһԪɽԼı
öȻҲǷΣϾǷ֮ԶԶûһϵԪɽĴ
ֻܼϵĸִĽ֮
һҪ⡣
һǽ֮ܵĻָ˼⣬ǻֶΣֲܹǰĿȻòˡ
һǽ֮ˡ
Ҫߣ¶֮£ǰ߲ö˵Ҫûлָ֮ĻҪѴʱȴˣҪռƲϺͽ֮֮ſɡ
ϧǣ̫֮Уֻս֮֮ڽ֮ƣȴֻδᡣ
ҪƱɽֻԼҺʵ֮ˡ
˼ãҲͰ˾
ͻȻһ
һת󣬾ȡһŴ˳һ顣
ϼһ󣬶ʱ϶һ߸ɿݵʬǵҰųħżҵǾħ˵ʬ塣
ڵõʬЩΪ˽׻ͽؿռ׼һֱûʱϸоЩϾ׼ٺúоһ
Ŀһɨ֮󣬾ͿʬȳҪ޴һ࣬ݻƵĸӲƤڹǼϣݳڶͷϻϡһ糤Ʒ
ϸ£ܿɱƤԼеɫħƣȳںͼЩ
һֹ
ħˣôҲ޷ǰһǿߣ
ţ˫Ŀһкһָüһ㣬ųǿһʶͼʬ̽һ
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Ƭ̺ɫһ󣬲ѿһ
߸ʬĸɱƤҲ֪ʲôУȻʶȫȫĸ⣬˿Ҳ͸ȥӡ
ˣʶӴʬһ˲䣬ܵʬ̲һɿֲ̺֮֮ǿҲΪ֮ľ
ȴ¶һ˿ڲסϲɫ
Ȼ֪ħʬǺǿߵʬȻǷֵ֮ʬΪ֮ˡ
õȥǧʯļ׾ٵ飬һмУ˭ȶҲʾˣ˵óȥˡ
ȻҲûн֮Ĵ㡣
Ȼʶ޷ʬڣҲװݵġ
Ͼһպһ˼һֽ֣ȡһɫ
ǵڻʿʦʬмغͽ˲ʬķ


649 콣
֮ʶ֮˳￪ʼͳͬʱſָϸԸֳһɫ촽϶΢΢
Ⱥɫ󵽼Сзһ˸ʬͷ­ϡ
ͬʱʬƤ̸ֳ֮һ㵭Ļƹ⣬ס˺ɫ֮ơ
Ļϲϲһɫ򾹻ɫĻ
һĹ󣬺ɫȫһû뵽˸ʬڡ
һ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ʦʬȻЩŵһʶ֮УѾȻ뵽˸ʬڲ
һɨʬʱִһ
߸ʬȥһƤͷģ֮ܶʵš
˱ǰʿͣڹ֮ܶ󣬾ѾһͬʿɱȵˣǺʬһȣȴС׼ף֪ȥˡ
Źƣ˸ʬ֮ܶ󣬼ʮϡ
ǿ¾ԪɽȥҲ޷˼ֺġ
кȻţһӡһӣһηбһĻڸʬϡ
žһѳ˹㣬ʬݻƵıƤһ˿ۼҲδ¡
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һָ֮ٴθֳһɫ
һ̣һһɫ绡֮󣬾ͻ˸ʬ֮ϣȻ޵
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Σʱзòַͣķ׷׻˸ʬ֮ϣȻϵĶһ棬Ҳû˿ĺۼ
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ǰ߸ʬκμӲѾȫԺͷμķᲢˡ
ʦʬȻرʬ׵ʱ򣬸вٶصļ⣬󾳵ʬ壬Ѿˡ
Ҫ˽߸ʬ֮ʬĻȻҪ߾ʬ֮
ʬ̾һһֵĽֽ֮֮С
Ƭ֮ķ忿嶥λõһſڣһƴмɶںХƿУؾȥˡ
ʦ֣ؾĵ伮ˣӰſڣִֵЦǺǵӭ
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һڽؿռ֮ǰƹʮ꣬˵¡
ǺǣĳʱЩɻҲֻܵ˿ǰŵĵˡ΢ЦĻһ䣬Ȼ첽˽ȥ
ؾѾΪϤˣֱ㣬ʼ˸йԪɽԼʬصĵ伮
ʱֵҲһ֮вؾ֮ʱʱ˽ҲʶķŻ˽Ų
Сʱ󣬲ؾ㶫һƬǰӶͷϷһöӡš｣䡷¶һ˿ʧ֮ɫ
ؾ伮࣬ȴǲβ룬Щйؽĵ伮֮УһЩ֮ľҪȴἰ֮ƷУҲֻһЩͨĽ֮֮ԤԶҲ޷̫ġ
֮ʣܵһ߹ӣһɫΣ֮ϵĽͼжϣƺ콣ŵӡ
΢ɨһۣ㲻ΪתͷȥϷ
Ԫʦ֣˷ʱ䣬ؾȻܶ࣬ʵǷѣҪ˵ر絽ľȥˡһЩĲɵĵ˵
Ȼ֪ҵļƿҪѰһЩͻƵУҲˡһ˵ţǰȡһö̹ڶͷĲ
Ȼ̸Уȴһ
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һŵɽ֮У콣ԽͷɽصĶȻҪ콣ȥҲ
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ͺñķԼľڣͬǰռĸֹԼǰĵ䱾ڰķҲȥȥΡ
еӿŵڲؾȻ伮ڶ࣬ݰ󣬵Ҫĳһ๦ȻǸƫط֧ɽв飬ˡ
ô򵥵ĵô֮ǰû뵽˰ͷЩƵһ
ЩеķŻǰ֮ϣֿʼйʬ
ûú֮ɫˡ
ؾкʬصؼȻв٣ȫֹڻڼʬˣ˵󾳣浤ʬļֻﶼҲһǰ㡣
ʵֹʬ֮˴ؾеҲἰ浤߲ķȫֲֻᡣ
һ˼ԼЩôһ£õһ伮ŻԭλˣЩĵ¥ȥֱִµӸǰ
ôҵҪҵĶˣִһЦǺǵʵ
⵹ûС֣һ²һһֺʮֿʵ
ʦɻĻʾˣСܿ϶֪޲ԡִһϲ˼Ļص
Ȼлһԥһº󣬾ͿʵĳؾҲ㲻ˣڲŷִ˵ƺû󾳵Ĺؼ浤ص伮Ҳ޼ġֿɷһ
ԭҪִµԣ¶˲֮ɫ
Ͼڿ뻯ڣճ˵浤˵ѾңԶˣ˵󾳵ˡ
ϵɻ󣬿ҪһЩ󾳹ĵ伮ղһ£ԲŻдһʵġȻ˵ʵӦ˼䡣
ִԣһ˿Ȼ
ǲؾִ£һЩ˺ܶŹ⣬⣬ȻҲжˣٳɵ٩٩ص֪˴ĲؾҪŵӿţЩһ㶼ҺڵΪطҲൽ浤һŵΪﵽ浤ԶΪشӣ漰󾳹ǱĵϵشҲֻشӲʸѧϰˡֵ伮Ȼܷڴ˵ˡ
ȻҲ¹أΪ㹻ĹͣҲֱʹ󾳹ģͱûжϵˡ
ִػ˼ĵͷȻ˻شࡣ
ִ䣬͸뿪˲ؾ׺һĳȥ
ʱ֮ڿշɵɽպ콣帽
ɽΰƣɽվֱɽƣէһһ޽ڵ֮ϡ
콣嶥һȥľὨܹҽǣķİķͬ
ڿһ󣬱˾ǰһƽ̨ϡ


650 
ףⲻʦ𣿡ով壬һŮ㴫˹
ת׿ȥֻԶ߹һλɫεŮӣ˫֬ϸһɫ˿
Ǻй֮Եշˡ
ԭʦ㣬òˡڴŮЩȣϾ̹ȻˣһֵĿ˵
շ콣ϵĵӣòɣʳһΪѾ˻ڣ콣ҲСġ
ǰЩʦܳɹͻƻڣշƻδüŵأʦܲɡշǳǳһЦﲨת
ʦ˵ЦˣҲǽҲͻƴ˾ġЦһĻص
ˣʦλæˣôϾ콣ģշƵһЦһתʵ
ͷһתҲ̹Ȼػصʦ㣬콣ʵһŽ֮֮ΪעԪɽЩ׼
Ԫɽ֮壿˵ʦѾн֮飬Ժ߽֮ˣշԣĿһƺָһ㡣
ҲǻԵɺ֮µõ˽֮֮һתɫ糣˵ͬʱȻһתһɫСӰлðȻһ
շƺһ٣Ķֵָö֮飬Ƭ֮Ŀȴһ˿ʧ֮ɫ
һֱ跨ӽΪҪ̫̽ߣǰ֮΢֮ƺոɲõӣ̫ߴ죬Բö
֮ˣͬʱֽȻͬĽ֮顣λʦܻûеõĽ֮ˡ
շ̾Ϣһɫ˵ʦ֮飬ҲΪϧʱж̣Щ˺ʵĽ֮壬ʱҲʺԪɽġ
ʦĿ棬Ҳ̾ҪƳԪɽȡһŽ֮֮Ȼȥռʲϣơ˵˵
Ȼˣʦܱȥһʦ˼ƹܱľ󣬲Ľǲģܷã㿴ʦܵ컯ˡշһ˻ص
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ʱŷ֣濴۵ľȴΪ¹һŵ̴ľܣƽˮĥʯţܼһľᡣ
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շƲδڴ˶ͣǾֱһ֮ǰ
ʦܻڴԵƬ̣ҽȥʦһ⡣շƴһк˽ȥ
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˴ľĹģŵĲؾȻҪС࣬ʰĺǸɾ룬ÿһ϶ע⣬űķźãش˴ҲһϽӡ
¥һ࣬һľݣͨ¥ģֻǲ֪¥ǷҲ˵伮
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ӼˣĿ֮Ҳһ˿ɫֱһ̧һָһָ
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δһɽѾɽĿӿ
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ʱѾ˶ԷݣȻһʮֳ꣬ۿòӡ
飬ƶѾ˵ˣƣԼȥؾѡһŽ֮֮ɡһҪ㣬㲢ǱӣʶκιҪȡĹ׵㣬ȱӸɵġӿ˵ţ̧׹һɫơ
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Щ⣬ٴιһת˳ȥ
һյ蹤󣬾ͨ¥Ľ֮ϣǰһ㵭͸Ľ硣
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ÿ֮ϣһƣ˱ע֮еݺĹ׵㣬ͬйĻϡ


651 ǹ
콣ԽΪĵ伮Ȼǽصɱһļϣҵ˲йԪɽ֮
Ԫɽ裬֮ͽ֮֮ﶼгС
Ŀһɨ֮£ֱйؽ֮ĵ伮̧ƴ򿪹ֺ󣬱רĿ˽֮ص伮

֮ǰҵ֮ϣ˸ֽ֮صӣжһҪĹ׵ȵȡ
һ·ȴûҵǳط
ս֮飬ڲ̺֮Ľ֮壬ȻҲҪǵศ˵⡣
ڴʱ䴦һϣһöɢտɫâסĿ⡣
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֮Ψһı״Ǵǿµǹ֮ǳԿƣһʧܣԭòϱᱨ޴ˡ
Щ˵ɫһ粻ԭسһӺ󣬲ƺͨʲôȻЦһ󣬾ʹŴ¥ȥ
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ԭ伮صƽ֮ķҪһֽǹⷨ󣬲Ҫʱĵص㣬ǳ֮ƽ֮塣
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ôطĽϣȴֻȼֿѡ񣬱Եɽ֮ˮԵǵȵȡ
ЩϱҲǼΪϡҪҵһҲǼ֮£ֻһЩпѰ
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һͺȣţ¾޴Ӱ΢΢һ֮󣬶ʱĳһʯԼȥ
ԶɫɽȻһɫ硣
䡱һ졣
ɸߵʯԣӲĹᴩһ֮Ŀɫֳһɽڼȥ
Ŵæнһͣͣ˶ݹ⣬Ȼٶ̫죬Գ֮£ɫӰǴһͷײɽϵһʯ
顱һǿӲĽʯҵķ顣
ĵһγУȻɹ
һ޷ȫӦٶȣһһƽҲ޷ٿ
伮˵ģû֮ǰл޷;еġ
˵һεʧܣ֪˸ԴںȻչ
ǽʱ䣬һмͣϰһоеĸּɡ
һһգɽһ̵ʯɽƿﲻ
һСɫ磬ʯش
ɴСĻҰɫʯһӴɫ磬ݿıֱ
ûãʯѲƲ洦ɼ
ʱȻӽдһ˵
һᡰסɫһ󣬴¶һֳɫ齣źµꡣ

ֻһһĴ̷ǰС
ķҡ֮УȻͳ
һ˿ɫһ󣬵һץɵڿһٴηС
ţɫɽһնһƵڿն𣬳ķ巽ƿնȥ


652 
һյĹķ֮Уһ۵֮ϣĿ
Ӳμʦ𡣡űƿ¶Ӱǰңң鹪һ˵
񡣴˷ټǰһҪ㡣˵̫֮ȴԱ٣Ƿ۳ˣһ֣ɫƽѯʵ
ʦǰЩһ֮£ȷ˽֮飬ǰǿʱֶ˽֮һΡһϷӦĻ
Ȼǰ콣һУѣҲġ
ֶ˽֮飿ѵ֪ڹע֮ǰ֮ʯɻȿ˵ԣüͷһ˵
˵ʲôһεĴվһģ󣬾ĳߣֱһָһ첲ϡ
ֻһϢֱϴѸٵ澭֮ת
Ƭ֮һתֱ֮֮С
ڵĽ֮ȷ̫ߣʣҲӡ˵ȷǼʮټƫŽ֮һҲһ컯֮ˡ֪֮ѣܹڶߵĽޣ֮ٵġֱֺ¶һ˿Ц˵
ҲԼԵС׼ڽ֮϶໨һЩġ̹ȻĻص
֮飬Ȼһ¡̫شӲʸطԭʱǿڽ֮Ѿٻķϣִûж׷¡ڻ¾Ͳһˡһִ֪֮ӿ»ҵͷϵġδ鼸ٴϺ󣬿л˵
ʦ𣬵ӡһҪ˵ʲô
ˡҲ̫Ĵ£ȻѾŵӣΪĳ״ӣԹ۵ġΪʦȥִ˵£ܹ֮ҲԼĻԵӦò̫顣鵭˵
лʦȫԣһϲ
±ϾǣŹɣԭһֱΪĵ顣
ܹʹ˽Ȼòˡ
˵ĻԺͲýͬǰʩչ̫ϵĸֶŽˡ
λķ£ǸԼһĿɽ
ϲʱͻȻһתʵ
ΪʦһҪ㣬ǰȥһ鶦壬˵ҩʦ϶ʣд£
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ܺã㾹Ȼ޵˵Ļ˵㲻ú󣬻һԵġŹЦ
ȻһͷˮҲֻҲ֮һЦ
ѯһЩ⡣
ѵд˻ᣬȻҲŹһЩһһ鵹Ҳ˽һһ˽
ʱһζ
Ϧɽ֮ʱŰݱλʦһĻһ磬˶
֮֮дϢһյĴȴִҪһʱ֮ķ
괫Ѷ֮󣬶˵뿪˶Ƴķƿնȥ
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Сʱһͷ𹿣һ׳һ߽ͬ˴
λִԸϽݼһһЦ˵
ӣݼԸԲҵǰ׳һ
񣬱ǰֻҪʵһٶ̫飬վ׳ޱ˵
䣬λԸһģ󣬱㽫һִֻͷ
ʱоһǿӼͷڣһһӿʼȴֱůѹƣ嶯á
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ΣҲּ
һԣɫ糣ĿһС
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лʦʦ
ţȻϲæ׳ٴһл
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ԵܵӵĵʦݵȷѾõ֤ˡ˵ͷ
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ǡ
ȻЩԷӣ̴ժƣĵݸ˴ˡ
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Ըȥһʱеͷ֮С
΢΢һЦ˵һ䡰Ϊ֮Ļ󣬾ҲԹԵ뿪˴
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ʱ֮⣬һһļ£һ¶һ߸ݣִӷεӡ
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תֱ£뵽ǰִԸһĻ
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λִʦ֣֪˴ǰν£ʯţһǰĸ꣬һȭʵ
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Ŵ󹦣ʮ׵㣿֪Ǻ񣬻ʦԣ΢΢һ
ǰԸеһɣû뵽ô˵
Ī֮ǰԵĻԵָ£
ʦܲõģǱŵһش̫ϳϣҪһֶ֮ͨĵһССԡ΢䡣
֪ԵҪҺʱȥ񡣡תһ˿صʵ
һ磬ȥִɣԵԴȥλ̫ϳϵġˣѾ֪ͨ㣬иˡ˵󣬾һȭٵһƿնˡ


653 
ת߽˶УʱɹƳöͨ鵤󣬱㽫һնʱԺȻ̫ϳ֮Ļ
ν̫ϳϣһִ³Լ֧ȫܹͬеΨһ׼Ϊﵽ󾳽Ĵڡ
̫УԭǺεݣֻҪһ׵󾳣̿ɳΪ̫ϳϣܹ̫ӵĪȨӵԴΪ̫ŵ
֪ʹ̫ΪĴ̫֮һ̫ϳϣҲֻʮˡ
ǰϹλָ֮һ
̫Щ̫ϳϣ½Ҳ̧־䣬ѹͨŵǿڡ
Ȼ֪λ̫ϳΪλͻȻҪһ뵤ҩͨĵӹȥȻʮ׵ͼһ͵ĳͣ¶λǿ˵ҲʮҪ֮¡
һιȥȫϣλ̫ϳС
뵽뿪˵ңк˯Ϊ飬úһ
ڶһ磬ˬ뿪˶ֱִ򼲳۶ȥ
ʱһɢִɽϣһִ̤ţλԸȻѾ
ãˡɣ
λԵһһϲһֺ󣬾ʹתߡ
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һǰһ󣬲þִ󷽵һƫڡ
˴ʮСһĴͷÿһĽƹĻɫͬ
ǰִ֮ʱҲ˴Щδȴ޴֪ˡ
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ǣʦֽӹͷĴӦһ
ֳֽ֮ɫ߽˷󣬷һ֮£һʱӴͷ֮зɳһû˴ԵС
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˿ռ䲻ԼʮĶСģһȥɫں֪ͣΪοռ֮ȴԵ÷
Ŀһ󣬾׵ĿǰԶ俴ͨͨéݺһľͤéݵһһƬĶСҩʮݡ
һ۾ͷһζݳСݰҩǰһ֮Уһıĳ˽ʯļ۸
ҩȻ޷һһϳҲǷƷһЩ纱ϡݡ
ҩУЩ֮⣬мͷϢһԣÿһͷϢһֻʿȥתϸһۺ󣬾Ϊ֮һ
ʱһéݵš֨ѽһĴһ߳ߡ
˶ǴԼʮӣһۣú׷ͯգһһۣòͨһͷĻͷȴʵɫ
ʶһɨ֮£޷ΪǳȻǳԽ浤Ĵˡ
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ǳμ棬Ϊ̫Ų̫ϳϴڣȴš
̫Ψһͨ󾳳ϣҦ֮ͨһ֮ͨĳϣΪ̫飬̫ǾԳȻĴڡ
ˣضˡʦܣǱҾͽһʱ䣬֮ٻҼɡҦĳ˰֣תԵİ˵
ǱлҦʦָˣնԵţ˶Ҧ֡ǳ˵
ʦܣԲӡҶǧʦֵˣ˿ˣҦĳ飬ͲĦʦˣиǡߺˬĹһЦ󣬱㻯һ⣬󣬱ʧؿռ֮С
߼ˣЦһգٴת׳˵ԸңһʦƳƷĵҩͬʱҲ̫ԽҲΪͨɶģ
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ܺãĻܰһġҴ˷ǰҪ㸨һϹŵҩ֣ΪҪˡ֮ǰһӣΪҪչأ޷ҡԭмҲܵΣƫƫˡȴڽָ˵ãʶۺ󣬲ҵϵġ
Ӷ߾ܣǰɴ˵ŴԷŻȻ򣬼æٴһȭ
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󣬰ߴеһé֮ڡ
俴ͨéݣڱж죬ȻһķңԼʮСһ򵥵ĳżľһżӵĴ⣬ˡ
һĵ֮ϣһԼдĹɵķԼɼ
ߵǰһһֻɫСڿеһת֮󣬱㻯֮ߣ顱һصڵǹ֮ϡ
޴¯֮ϣɫɼ
״΢΢һ㶡
˶ǰС׽ζ润
Ҿͽ⶷Ҫıǣڴ˵֮ʱϵķųע¯֮ڼɡȻһʦӦ֪ʱΪ˵֮ʱмʱգ̫಻̫Ȼ˵һ޷޷˳ƶˡķԸ
ԣȻӦһ
֮һ˫ʮָȻһ任һǰζ润С
޶ɫĶʱʼͣҲһɶ𣬶вʱɫϼϯ
ڴʱ䡱һ
һûײķ֮Уһɳ쳣ĳɫ𣬲һĽ޶ײС
һöģһ˺һۻңҴ󶼽вĲϣһԶǰա
һ̣˫裬ǰȫһ붦¯УҶһµºϡ
һкһߵָһ߾ĵȴʱʱĳ¯д뼸ʱ̿Ŷ¶ȡ


654 
ĿתĶŴ˶¯һƶҲ֪˵Ҫãʱ֮ʱֻʱ̱ž裬ע뽣
˾é֮һҹ
Խעʱ䣬ҲյԽÿһζܽע뵽¯Уֻ붼浤ҩոɾֻСɢʧ
Ϊ˵ҩҪƸʱ֮ʱȻǿʼ΢΢ʼ³ɫ档
ӦòˣһҴ򿪶¯㶯ȫܷųܽͷųġΣĿһ˵
ȻͷǣһĽɫСУһʱһӰǰһһֶ
״Ϊ΢΢˵ͷٴһһ磬ǻŲһĿڡ
״нһսĵһһɫӰΪƿû붦¯֮С
Žӿ룬¯֮жʱͲŵĽҴܵ졣
ĳһٷһ֣ͣŽһյֹͣ˹ע
ĺܺãϢһɣ佱һ֮󣬱һĽٴθϣ˫Ŀһգĵȴ
Լʱֻ¯֮д䡱һ죬ͬʱһŨҵĽζ˲é֮
ʧˡ
΢΢ҡҡͷһǴ򿪣һУһɫеĺں״ġ
ֻɨһۺ󣬱һߣ編ƵٴȡŴ˺飬һѲٴ˾޶֮Уһ߷ĵȼ˶¯µĳɫ棬ʼ˵ڶε
ȻҲһͬȺһߵϢָŷһʱ̹עž޶ڵĶ
ǹհ֮ã¯֮ٴδˡ䡱һ죬֮ζݳ˵ڶȻʧܸա
˲һ죡
⶷Ȼһλ󾳽羫ͨʦҲһεʧܣ˵Ƶĳɵ֮ͱ֪ˣЩõĲϣһŵҲмеĴڡ
ȴޱٶ˺Ŵʼ˵
֮󣬵ٴ΢΢Ĳ֮ʱϵһ߽ųһɫû˿һζ润֮С
϶֮ʱ¯֮ȴʼϵĴžž΢֮Ҵһٷ֮á
һɻ֮ʱһɫȴȻӶǵķ϶֮г
ˣ
ˣʱ¶һϲɫһĴһһŲһƬɫĹζʱͬʱһɳĽӶ¯ɢ
ͬһʱ䣬ڵֽ֮飬ƺӦʲôҲ΢΢Ĳͣ
һ֮£æŽڽѹȥ
ʱ
ŽзһͣһУĴָָڴСɫĵҩӾ޶ڿն𣬲ಡļС
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͸ɫ棬һɫĵҩɼӡһĽɫơ
һԵöɫɫҩ֮ʱһ
νĶȻǰС׽еõǿŵҩϢΪơ
ֻеǿŵҩԴһȦɫƣЩҩֻһƣûеǿűֵǰʮ㡣
ˡ˴˵Ժ׽ӦǲˡȻɹʮ⣬һЦ
̫ϳϣ⶷ͽкιϵš衱֣һ˵Ҷüһ֮ͬʱҲйἰ̲סʵ
Ŷ㲻֪ҲԪɽ׺Ĵڣķˣ׹̺ͬڳǧκɽ໥УſĥɡǲúǿֱӶͿøַɽлĥĵҩ׵ĺ룬Ľ͵
ԣ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
边Ȼ˽׶ɵģȴѾһƵķƷвԴϲ
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л̫ϳ϶͡Ȼһ˵֣ͬܽظܣȻǴϲٹһ
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һϲĽӹ˷ֽ֮֮С
ʱ䣬λⳤϣƺɹ֮£ָһȻҲǳ
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ִûлضֱȥһ˲ؾ
һȴûǸΪʶִµӣֵ֮˻һŨü۵׳
ʹ˴һкֱ¥ֱйصҩ伮ڡ
ѯһϺһžɵ伮֮ϣҵйⳤƵĶϸϡ
ԭ⶷Ϲ֮ʱһֵҪĲϷ֮Һܶ඼Ѿġ
ݵ伮ϵļأֵҩϹ֮ʱ㼫ƣǼʧҲֻ̫ȳţʦ£ܼȫ֮һЩĵرƳ
⶷ڽ֮˵ȷǲɶõ
ûд˵ĻһĽҪԪɽ׳ɽ̬ҪĪĻԵеļոǧѣɹ׵ĸǰٲһˡ
⶷ԽϡԽȻĶ
ţּеĲͽйصĵ伮ڷ˴ʱڣһ۵ıƤ伮Уҵȼļء
ԭ⽣̫ʱ֪ĳλͨɽԱס󣬶γɵһص
صձ̫ȱҵͨĪͨɽãרн޵֮á
һʼκν޵Ӷʹãִõڽ̫죬ŸΪֻŵӣֻشӽˡ
Ȼ̫ϳϵɣȻһˡ


655 
ķĶУϥץС׽õǿɫҩ
ҩĴָСͨ屻ɫֳɫɢϢһж͵伮ϼصһȷʵһŶұɫƣҲ˵⻹һƷҩⳤƵǿҪĶࡣ
ָСļŵҩȥĿţԽԽϲ̲סǷ˿˿Ц⡣
Ʒζδкܴϣ޳ɽ裬Ӷڽ֮·ϸһˡ
䲻öҲ֪Ҫʹô˵ҩҲҪӵԪɽΪﵽһ̶ȣпܵġ
һ˼󣬱㵥һٴν˵ҩСջؽУֽС
Ͼ˿Ԫɽδɣ軹أⱦҩȻȺúղġ
ʱ䣬ھ˼һ󣬱㽫һգʼרעͨ
֮ǰһѾ˷ͷɽΪһ壬⡣
ٴν̫йвͨһ󣬵ֽһһһ
ಡһ
ɫɽһɶӭСĽ£ɫʱ
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ಡһ
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һ֮Уֻ֮ǽ֮ϣȻһơ
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֮˿֮ĿȻΪܹڴ˵ʱܹһְա
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ϿʮأҪڵͼϱʾλã»治ҵġ
ȷǰϿȣȷͼָһ޶󣬱׷ɽֱӶ֮С
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һʯƺ쵽Լ麣еֽ֮һ˿֮С
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ʱȼпӿø֮з̼סӰ
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󣬵һٴοܾ֮ʱȻһɵޱ߿ռڡ
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üͷһŭϲ΢΢һִͣһָɫ
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ˣüͷһ塣
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ղؾе伮˵ƽλ̫˴ܣΪô˵Ϊרĥ޵ӵĽأڴ˲Ľƣ⴦ռ֮Уֻܶ÷ɽͽͨһʹͻᱻ˵ų⣬̴Ͷġ
һҲֻʹýʹ߶ɽǰ⽣ˡ
ת϶ȴûϷֺֻһһ״νһȥ
ν귴ӦҲǼΪԵɫ⣬ζʱ˶ȥͬʱſһɫâ֮ղŵĻҹִ˱ӣӭɫ⡣


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һϲæһĳھӨԱߣһУһƽ麣֮С
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ʦֿˣķһæһ
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һжǺϤȻ׶ˣ˳㻹ԴһЩ
ϾӸոֻ꿴˴ҲΪȼʵͬġ
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һƬĵϵһСɽϣһСɫΧһɫν裬ʱʱĴзֻΪСһЩɫ⣬ɫֹ
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һ˺Ѳ
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Уӳ֮Ϊ˿ϸľâڵνߴһ
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657 Ƭ
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֮ͰˣҳݣʦԽɫ꣬ӦҲӦһˡҲڽܴʱҲൽˣ޷ˡҺʦҲ㼫ΪͶԵǾʹ˱ˣԣˬ˵
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ٹһպһƬɳΧش
ӵȥѰʱᾡܵķ٣ȻԽɫ꣬ӦҲһս֮ͬʱ⵽ΧûôöԸˡ
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ֻ֮УȻһɫİ͸Σֻ͸ӰϣȻܿһ״Ҽ粿λһָڴСĿ׶ɼ˿˿ϣƺڻ޸˿ڡ
콣ƺˣӶ˵ӣ
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䡱һ
һĽͻȻסɫâһײɫɽء
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˿̵Ľ֮飬Ȼǰʦö̫ߣҪǿϱģ
˿̵Ľ֮飬ȴֵļΪȶʱһҵĲ
С̫ᵽ˼ַţת
ʱһȥԭһһҹǿס궯Ľ֮顣
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Ҳ֪ãղżȡģӦǴܽĽƬ̺Ľ֮ǿġڵĽ߹ǿѾɵķ룬ȻǿѹȥˣԺȻʱߵġ޲T˵
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ҪסöνߣüƳԪɽһ֮й󣬱жߡʱˮһˡúõɣ޲Tٶ̶仰󣬾κˡ


658 ɽ֮
ɫһ粻󣬵вһЦͬһ̣һ顣
ɲǼϼһͳ˽Ĵ֮ˡ
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ڽ֮УΪ˾ܶնɱս⣬߲ݵս˳ʵǣ˿̷;ĶǼ󣬼Ҫúõһ
ڶһ磬΢ʰһ㿪ʼ˼
֮ǰ޲TڽһΪԼѹƽ֮ãҲʵû׵ġ
Ȼ֮ǿѿɹעǵ֮ǱѰҺʵĲϣƳԪɽˡ
ƷɽĲռҲ˼ƻ׼ȥںպ̫ǻУֻȥǧ̻ˡ
㷭ȡɽĵͼʶһɨ󣬱뿪˶̫ƿնȥ
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̫Ҳֻ֮ǽ֮ʯΪ˹׵㣬Լ۱ҲԶԶ緻йġ
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һ̤㣬ȴǰտҲһյĴһ֮УмɫŵĹ
ʱԱһŵһʮִ꣬·εĳӣվڴ˸Ƿ󣬲ſһ䣺λʦܣҪһʲôϣҩ
ҪһһЩƷɽĲϡӣһƽ˵
ŶɽϣԵһ¡ӿһŵķΣ¶һ˿ɫָֻܿһȡһӨᣬ˫ĿһеĲ
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ɵͷһ֮ʱüͷȴ΢΢һ壬вԿЦһ
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Ŷһ׵㻰ȥɫĴ󼴿ɡҩĶһ׵㣬Ҫȡѣʯ⣬ҲҪһ䣬һ㵤ҩ̫ǲյġԣһյĻص
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ԣ΢΢һЦֽ֮ȡһֻľУиǴ֮һҩ˲СͿռɢһöɵĵҩС
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ȡľе˲䣬ɫһ̧ͷ˿ȵĿеľС
һУľڵĽԪһɶ̼С
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ҺڵĵƷҩǿһ׵㣬ԪڻָսҩҲΪףԶ໻ȡһ׵㣬һ׵㡣ڼã˰ɣ˵գϾѾˡߵͷһеĽԪл˵
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߽ӹƣڿһ֤֮ʦݵɫ¯ͼ֮΢΢˵ͷ
󣬰߱㽫Ԫһգһȡһ֧ʣһ㣬һһûУϵĹ׵Ȼ㡣
лǰӻ֮ٴιһȻ󼸲߻شͷ
һ̣һٴγ̫Ļɫԡ
ʱִһŵ˵
ˣҲûǰţֱһߵĵɫ
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һŵֻľһ㣬ȻŷֻС
ȡһֻʶһɨϵƣȷǼʯ֮󣬱㽫£һֻ
ٴʶһɨƶϲ¶һ˿ϲɫ
֮УȻǿɽ֮ˡ


659 ǹⷨ
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ɫʯһƽ󣬱Ľǰʢ˼֡
ˣĵ˵ͷ㽫ʯŻ֮Уϵֽ֮С
һкʶһɨƣٲȻֻʣһˣֻһЦ
˵˴νй׵ķһգ˳ĵõƽ֮ĲϣȻϲġ
ţͨ뿪˴˴漴Ҵ뿪̫Ⱥƣڷзȥ
ԪɽҪѾҵʣµıһЩΪͨĸϺͲǣǹⷨһЩˡ
ʱ֮ڷг֮ʱֽ֮УƽĸϣȻ߰˰ˡ
ǹ̫ⷨвʲô̫˲õķ󣬳ƽ⣬֮УǹƵҩɡ
ʶͬһרų۴෨ߵĵ֮У˳Ļ˶ʮʯһײߡ
β÷棬ȴȫûˡ
ϾԼֻ֮ͨܲһЩ򵥵ʱ
ǹⷨ˲ò⣬ؼʱصѡϡ
˵ʱĵĵ伮УϸμǳλѵĲصʱ䣬Ծܶǣǹɲһʱܹյģ绨һЩʯ׵㣬ȥһͨ󷨵ǰæ򵥵Ķࡣ
мƶ֮󣬵һƳƿնȥ
֮֮ڣһĿƳƵִµӽ̸š
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663 ѷ
Ӻ֮ûڴ˶ͣܿת뿪һŷУɼ˴鵤ĸϡ
һкʦ鷢һѶϢ֪ԼΪ˻Ź׵Ҫ񣬽žͨŵĴͷֱ뿪ɽ
һʵĿȻΪѰ鵤ҪˣǸһΪԼҸɶѡ
뻯֮ҩѾṩֻдƳ鵤ԽϿٶ
鵤ҪҺ½ϲĻеزɽңԶ֮а徭û֮ء
ʹʵȥֵطҲҪһٶʮֵСġĴ̫ڵӣĿʵСġ
뿪ɽ֮󣬲ϵͨͷǷУֱһ·ȥ

ºһˮϿգһɫƥһţ˸һŲ֦ͷϡ
һ¶һ۵ĸߴ꣬
ͬʱˮУȻһ˻ȷһһʮɳͬˮͰһϸɫȻһֱݺ
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ͨһɫͷ­Ȼм䱻һжӴֱӴӰй£ʺѪһأȾµĴ
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ޱɨһۣһ˾ʬԣȡһ͸ľ򣬿еһ֡
һɫ򣬴Ӿͷ­Ʈ˳ڷǣ֮½˾С
ʱľ֮УѺȻƯʮƵɫ
һն󣬱㵥һڿն˲䳯Զƿնȥ

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ڴʱ̧ͷץһĿһȥ
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ԱߵĳɳĮ֮УȻ˴δɳͬһɳǽһ㳯˷ٱƽƬ̹ʮԶ
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Сģʯ󣡡ǰˣʱ˺˳
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½Եվڴǰϣɫһ֮м۶
֮𵭵ĺ⣬һˣ̵ڵ档
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Щ綾ޱȣһ̶ʶ֮Ч֮˰һ㣬ҲǼΪ鷳
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Ⱥٶȼ죬䣬Ϣ߰ɿ֮ˡ
Ҫù廪˫Ŀ͸һǰȻ£Ҳⲻæһˡ
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Щ̶ֻζжһֶѡ
ʮУֽ˶Ыӣãϵȵ档
˿Ϊд۴˵ȼƷʶһ·֮϶оա
ʮպ󣬴ʻıԵʼ뵽һƬԭС

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һӺɽ֮һصʬ壬ͬʱһ⼤ܿʧԶʡ

һɽɽһžԶ
ϼһʧ¶վϵӰ
ĿһɨԶ಻Ⱥɽ˫Ŀһкַһö򳯶ͷһȥʶ̽С
Ƭ̺󣬵һ㽫ӶÿһԾƮȻ¡
һۣչ½Ǻ󣬱ȺƵɽԵȥ
ǵͼûдĻӦĳľ߹ģĳ
˳ɽķУѷˡ
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ʱԶһʿһţͷĹڿնУΪ׵һ꣬ҺڵΪȴͽڶѡ
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һӦϢɫ䣬æ¹ޣһ˵ǰͻȻסȥ·ʲôЧ͵ģ
ͽ߼״Ҳ׷ޣɫ㷲
ǲ˽ţҲ޶⡣ֻǣһ¹ѷеֶԵ


664 
ǣֻҪǰʣ˶֪޲ԡԣһɣȻŹɫ
һΪ˵ͣʿûһ˳ξͲ𣿡ٴ⼸һۺ󣬲Żʵ
ǰǳѷУ֪ܲ˵صҵѷиţڵĵӣǷʦ֮׹ģһ㶼Ϊѵġ꼱æĻص
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ǰ֪ѷеϽȴ֮ǿ֮һķĦڵ˵ĦڵѾ޽ӽͨ磬ݺϻĶްܼġ꼱æĽ͵
ǿߣҴǰҲ˵һЩйλľΣ˽ĲǺԣ¶˼֮ɫ˵
ǰֻһɢޣƾպȻ岿ģҵʿҪɽ㣬ֻÿÿ๩һЩܱ֤ܸѹġ깧ġ
ŶȻһɢޣܹпչ֮¡üͷһ
ǰ֪ĦڵȻϾ˼˼֮£һ״ӡҲȥЩĲ䣬ĬԳһġֻЩĲ䲢ͬһ򣬶Ǳ鲼ϸĻص
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ѷмȻзĦڵּǿΪ̨Ӧò˸µġĻеĻҲù̫ˡ
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ȴһ𣬻ΪһݹֱԶȥ
һѷһڴ£ҡڻһȺУ˽ȥ
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һ·߿˴ʱ˷еĹ㳡
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ڵܵĹ㳡յϣɢɢвɢڴ˰̯Ÿֲͷܶߺﲻеͨǳصо֮С
㳡Χļֵԣż֮ߵΰͨһЩ׳ľǷļ̣һЩСˡ
ʶһɨеĵͼ󣬱һյĳֵȥʱ߽һҵͼϱʶģڵҩС
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ȡͼɨһ֮󣬱߽һҩ̡
ԼڷתԼĪʱ󣬽ͼʾҩ̻϶͵һ顣
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ڶһ磬ݳһʱģӣٶ߽һ͸¶ƷҺҩС
һ̤ţһ׳ӭ
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ѷἰҪƷҺҺȻڱд󲿷ж򵽣Ʒȴ޼˼۸Ҳˣ֪Ҫ٣׳һȽУЦǺǵʵ
һιĻ۸Żݣݵķʵ
ѿȥҲһˬ֮ˣƷҺʮһƿһԹƿϣԸۿۣʮʯ׳ٺһЦ
۸ҲǾҪƿˡһЦ
ԵƬ̣ȥá׳ԣһϲɫվ뿪ң̵¥ȥ
˿裬¶һ˿֮ɫ
鵤ķʱգҹƿҺҲ֮òƳɵ
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׳һ̧֣ʱֻɫСƿǰϡ
Ȳһ¡׳һЦ
΢΢˵ͷһָһɫСƿƿǡ顱һ򿪣һ󵭵ķ֮ʱƮɢ
ĿһɨƿеĵɫҺʱĿȴһ˿ʧ
ҺȴΪƷ֮ǰ³ǹõƿճ̶ȻǷ֮Ҫһ֣ʮһƿļ۸Ҳʮֱˡ
֮ǰĲõҺϲܹãôҲƷĲϣǰһĶʮһƿƷҺҲ
Ƭ̹ƿҺϣķϣ¶֮ɫ
Ƿ⣬ǵѳ깺Һƿļ۸񡣡ƹ״ɫ΢䣬ʵ


665 ۵
Ȼƹ˵ˣҲ˼ٽ۵ġƿ¾ˡԺ󣬻ƷҺĻȸһʱ䡣ԣɫָ̻˳̬˵
԰գֽ֮ȡһʯӸ׳
׳ƹӹʯٵʶһɨ󣬷Ŀû̸˵һն𣬲˵û⣬ԺǻƷҺ壬һΪġˣ֪ôƺ
ҶһЦ󣬱һɨǰϵֻɫСƿֽ֮С
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ӣ鵤ǻʿĵҩȻԸʸչġ֮еŵҩԸԶʮʯһţһļ۸ʸչ֪¿ɻ⣿룬¶һ־ڱصõӡ
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ˣ¶һ˿֮ɫ
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Ʒ鵤
ԣæǰӹУһ֮󣬸ӡಡһ򿪣һŨŨҩʱӺɢ
ţСָֻ˵ҩм𣬷ǰϸ۲


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аյĹ򣬻߲ЩĽ˵Ż֮С
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ŵҩһ˿֮ɫ
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ԼΪֲʲôˡȻƳһŵƷҩź滹Ƶڶŵġ
ɫһ϶ʱָ˹ž飬һףҩ̷ȥ
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зһ麣֮бƳһɾķסڵ鵤ʼ߻ҩ
ʱһĹȥʮպŵƷҩڱ˿˷ѵȫ
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û˹Ҳĸܵڹľ
麣֮УһʮŷᾧҲһȦ࣬ΪѾͻƵ˻ڡ
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ಡһͲŵ촫
ȻΪһ⣬ֻΧźʮϢĹһƣԴµµĹͷʬֱͦͦ׹ȥ
ڹٴһɢʱ򣬺ھнһɫ絶ȴվԭһͷϸ߳˶ĺ顣
üĲ봦һö޵ĽɫСƾƷ֮ĽⲢ΢΢·ʱܼ
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ھȻȻ֮ʺԲһ˿ԥɫ
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Ŀһɨߵϣ˫Ŀʱһж
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Ϊ浤ǿߣȻΣңһһֻֻǰһĨһɫƾð̼һɫǽǰ
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ʶ浤ʿ֮ʱѡ浤ġ
ƴȻҲڷʵ֮ǿԶԤ֮⣬һ֣ƾ羪κ˰಻侪ŭĸʩչӦֶΣܡ
Ը浤ٶв֮ռ˴룬ֻҪһ٣ͿԻ浤ʩչͨͱԸˡ
ϵķΣɲֻǰľһֻǰһ͹ųڶһͬʱ߶μĵľȸԼӳָּеġ
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ͬʱշɽĽɫȴ˿ͣûУŵĿУݺնɫԲϡ

߶ʱһҽУϾͱľ춯ؾ쳹û
һɫ˲ɫԲڴѶƬɫ˿ϯɽ֣Բ֮ڣĴ𣬵ҲĹεһ㣬ɽʯ̳ɢ䡭
ʮ󣬵ɫɢһպһɫӰȴӸʯһɶߡ
ֻʱλ浤ʿ˺ۣɫǲ԰׵ĿһѪɫΪȻ˻ڵĵز˿ȴһˣ̡
ǰ֮ԣԶԶ㿪ûԶȻվһŴһֱսš
һȻҲ浤ԱУȻֻǱನҲȫ޷ط˲ɢ˸شֱӻԲˡ
½ŵһۣһ󣬾Ҫ߶ʮһֱԶݶˡ
ڴ˿̣һ޷ĵɫӰȻӴӸδɢȥ̳һֻΧͷ­һƣһļˡ
ȴʱͲֻǷԴĴӲϹ£߳Ѫͷ˿ڴһͬԲѵ̸ֱӴӸ߿׹£ˤ˵ϡ
һ̣ӰŴӸ̳лɳ
俴ҲΪѾԭòɫƤ׺ǰĹǶܸǶദѡ
ɫƤ𴦣ȴۺɫѪֶ֯ڷɿֲ޸š
浤ԱȻˣ
Ҫȶ㿪Ĵ˲ųڶܺͶ޼֮Ҫشġ
ɵǰ׿˿ߵʬһۣĿɫһ𣬿䡣
ǸԶݶȥһ治ɱˡ
ʱۡһһɫͷһһģ󣬾ͳʮ⣬ƴԶɶݶȥ
Цһֳһ㡣
ಡһ
ɫϷһ𣬵ɫӰٴһ֣˲ӹж
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ڴ˿̣һֱԲѵ̣ȴ͵شӵһеĳŷһĳһͷ£Ҫ෴Ӷȥ
üͷһһȻһƬڹǵضȥ˲佫ûС
ʱԶɫӰһֻΪһɫƿնأһû뵽ڹ֮С
Ƭ̺ʹһĲҽС

һкҲһɫ
һսȻʱ䲻Ҳ䷨Ĳ١
սҲԼʵһŵĶλȻ֪浤жһ浤ڵ֣Ӧòʲôˡ
ȴټƬ̣ո浤Ա˴ĶпѾ˸˵ע⣬һǿʿˣ䴦ɾʹˡ
ҴȡһöԪº󣬷ɿʰһսһķųŻ򣬽ʬ崦󣬱ԦۣɿԶȥˡ
յ·УڷصƷС
ֱص˿ջס󣬵ֱɵ˴ϣ˯
˯һһҹͷлָ󣬲ŴӴϷִֽȡһںڵľһöںڵ
ЩǴ浤ΪߣԼѳ֮ڴǰż·ʶֻǴҴһɨδϸ鿴Ķ
ںھźʮʬ壬򱻾浤Աλãڻصϯ֮£Ѿʣˡ
֮ȴϲɫ
ףᱻ浤ǿΪƵ鵤ԵʡȻֶξ֮£նɱ˴ˣѱһβðġ
鵤Ҳ˲ˣʱˡһ䡣
ܿʰʶ˽ȥƬ̺һ˿ϲɫ
Ҳһ浤ǿ֮ӣⴢﾧȻռ䲢󣬵ȴ˲٣ʯǧ֮ޣĻһЩҩȵȣҲǼֵơ
һ㣬ıװֽǸںǴҵġ
һλ浤ʿļҵףӦòʧġ
ʶĵ˵㽫ʶҲ̸С
һ̽飬ȻĿռʮɣֽСˣһ﷨һıˡ
ռһʯһ鴫ѶһöɫͭǮԼһ⼣߰ߵͭһɫС
һʯͬһǧıƵԼֽУֽеͭǮϤȡ˳
öͭǮһͼһù׫дС֡
ˣ
˳һ
Щ֮أĴ߶֮£һЩȽҲжˡ
ûв´Ļ߳ϵ⣬ӦûһΪ֯ˡĳԱ
֯ľˣ֯Σȴ˵Ȼ
ֻ֪ɺܶɢɣжһ죬ڲԱ󶼻¶ĿҲһﲻˡ
նɱԱɴģĴеλá
Ҳɢֻ֮֯ԭ


675 ͼ
˳ԱʵݳҲǲβ룬Һ浤У֯л󾳵Ĵ֮ʿֻ˭Ҳٰ֪ˡ
˼ĳһ󣬷ͭǮöѶͷһʶ͸˽ȥι̱һ
ö򣬺Ȼ߽ӵ֯һϢᵽ˳Աɽһϳټټ˳Ա׼͵͵ɱ壬ժۡ
֮лһͼעټĵص㣬ֻҪֳԲμӴж
ʶ˳򣬴ΪĶ
Ҫ˵ɽһ˻ӽɽժۣȴԭһܲժƷģѾˡ
һε֮ȴرᵽηֵ峲ѨصǳƫƧûбκҵʵҲǼǿʶķۿ϶ҲǼ𼫸ߵģƳټƷҺˡ
Ȼڴ˵ؾôÿԳô˻ݺһʣ˱ֻﲻˣʲô󻼵ġ
һǺһͭʶҪȥɫ΢΢һ䡣
ʶһͭһâһ֮£ʶͱķ˻޷ֺ˵Ķеˡ
¶һ˿ȤɫͭȻӳִֹֽƺǷӡ
˫ƽģһ֮£ʱһɺм䣬֮һĹâƺڵֵϮ
ףƺһ
ΣһͣϵĶͭǰϸȻһȦȦϸŵĵơ
΢һ󣬾ʹָƳһξѪ棬ͬʱַһʮָ£ʱһɳȫһûУͬʱд
Ƭ̺֮ͻȻķһ׹⣬žһ£Ӧ
һϲٴηųʶȥ
һΣʶһ˿ңױС
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˵Ѿʮ֮ãΪģ츳ͨͼȻҲٵ˽⡣
ͼСΣҪǿͼڱ̶ȣλͼʱõѪϡ
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ڴǰ׼Ϊ֣ʶϸ֮£Լһʱ󣬴絽ǰֳһֻ޵Ĵ
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ţ֮ѪЧ㣬޷ԦͼڣҲֻʱʹա


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ºٴλûһģ뿪ס
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渾˹һһͭǮУ使һ֮£˰벽ȥ
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Ըǣͷ󡭡ҪĻǲġһΣ渾˵м⶯Ťͷһۺ󣬽촽΢ĺ⼸˴
Ƭ̺渾˺˽ɫһĳȻ˵ȻţۿԷһ룬סξͽˡֻҪܲסһʱ䣬ǼȻʩչֶνȻٺԸ⣬ͷ浤ڵĴڣС
û⣬µֲס浤ڵķһʱ䣬Ǿġԣֵһ֡
ãǱһΪˣʱˣӦǲμӴ˴жˡ˴μȻ룬ҵӦûɲٵģټΪ˴˼ƻصػ߰ʯõġ̴㡯Ӧÿɱһʧˡ渾Ůг˵
ԭѻС̴㡯˵רſ㣬ǶԸȻûˡӺٺһ
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ȻûҲûӡ
ȻԷȫڱصãûмǷӰǰȻҲκ۵ľٶ


677 
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û뵽Űʮ겻ѾˡͷŮЦһҲһƣһâȥ
Цһٴɫ쵵ĹâһһƬϼƿ׷ȥ
ʣµļУ׳ųһֻ֮ľӥȥһźȥ
һųɫСһ󣬱㻯һĳ
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ˣ۽ǲ΢΢鴤˼£
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Ӵֻһ۵ļٵβļһģ֮£Ӽٵͷ
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ʱԶһӰӻɫһֻ˵ڶͣһĴһ󣬱ڴڵİһصѪʳɸɾȻ󷢳һġ͡󣬱䳲ڲȥ
˼״¶˺Ȼ֮ɫ
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ѼȻаգ´Ϊһ·Ȼû⡣׳üͷֻһԥҲ͵ͷ
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Եͷ֮һһʳֳָɫ״зеķɿת
ţһдĵɫСâ˸˼º󣬱ӭ绯ϸ䡱һصǰݵ֮ϡ
ɫһϸ޴Բ
ӡһ̹ɵƣſһֻĻ״ͼ
зͣһȦȦɫͼ֮ΪģɢԲʮɷΧڵȾɫ
ʶһɨʱиܵһ޵Ľ֮
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һһŻɵܵİɫиֶռ


679 ɱ
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ߣѶˣΪͼ֮ԼЦ׳һֱ˷һǡ
ɫԻһϼ䳲ƿնȥ
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ˣһת㻺ĿˣȻûԸ⣬Ǳ¸ɡ
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ʱӰŮ£ѾؽУδ˵ֻ浤Χסˣ˵ͬʱ֡
Ӽ˴ϲȻһ죬һ󣬶ʱų˵Ĺ䣬ԼҲһļ뵽һս֮С
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׳Ҳҵ͵һ䣬һɫϼһ޺һһ֮£һֻɫĶϬţһŵصĳڷɱȥ

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һ֮ȻЩȻ˵ͨ죬Ҳ¿һˮ飬һ֮󣬾ٴλΪһСɽӰĳ˷ݺһҶȥ


681 ɱϣ
˷ȻѾǿ֮ĩ˿ƴ˦βļ̣ų˿ͷŵһƬƬ⿹š
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ŮͷŵľӨӰֻʹô˹Ļ΢΢ȥ֣ȴ޷ƿֺһ̣Ůһ絶ȻֱӻΪ
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ĿһƳǱ߻ӰٻǶɫ޻أ³һƬƬĺɫֻǱ֮ţϡ˲١
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׳ԣɫз䣬еɫ̽Ҫٷѿڵֺϡ
˴ʱ鼱֮£Ҳ׷ٴǰҪֹӳ
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ϾһӳĻûͼ֮ļӳ֣ԼЧҪٽ֮ɱϼˣǰһŬܾǰ
ȻһУƺЩˡ
ɫݹֻǼѾӽ˵ɫĻѿڴۿҪһ֮ʱ󷽵Ĺڰ;
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һ鴤£α΢΢һ͡
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Ȼ˵Ĺſһʱ޷˸š
ȹâһȴһ
浤Ϊķ󣬹ȻȻ֮һ֮£ɫĻֻ˼֣Ȼ˱һ㣬徹ƺδܵʲô˺
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682 ɱ£
󵱼һ˫ȻһȣɫĻʱٴδʢ·ѸͶ𣬾Ϊʮɾ޴
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ڷ鼱֮´߶ķ࣬һʱ֮޷ٴ߶ڶֻһ߷½Ԫָһߴ߶ڤͷųɫԣΧս֮С
һΣƾιɫĻֻǿ£ٴλָƺǰӵ񼸷֡
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Ӱһ쭣ҲͬҵĸԷųֶΣٻ޴Ӱǰ
һֻ̣ǰ޶΢΢һһ󣬾ʹʰı
ͬʱĿһɨɫ΢΢һ䡣
ֻڶܱѾӿݣһЩ·ţë㾧̡
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˾޻仨꣬ÿһ仨궼īǺһƬӭһ֮£źй·ɫĻһѹȥ
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ڿеһת󣬾ƾջΪһֻɫ޺Ӱ˫ֻһչɫƬ㼤¡
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˶ȭͷϣ֪ʱһӲӵȭףһȻһģ·пȭһ㣬ƺòˣ
ŮӺӼˣҲҵһȻʩչһ֮Ϊһһնһʹٴ׳죬ΪһԵĺݺ˳
תۼ䣬ȫͨһ
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ٻһȭ󣬾޴й»ָԭС˿һâ֣ʱʧɫһУ˲ɫȭƸָһ֣âһץȥ
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â˲䶴ɫֶһֱûüУӺԴһѪļȻһͨĵľ޴̡
׳ŵı飬ͨһˤϡ
ɫһɱ壬һͷ󣬾ͳڽոջȵȥ
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ɫȴһΪһɫӰĽ׷š
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˽һ֣һȻ⣬ʹһһ½ǰķС
Ȼ׺˽ȻһкҲ˸սΪ֮һ

һͺȣɫɽͻһ磬Ѹײڶ֮ƣɫĻ͵һնȥ
䡱һ춯صľ촫
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ĻӰڽɫʢ˲䣬ֻоƤһշɽɢϬƵһݣɵķ׷׵ȥ
ӰǺ͸ĶŮӻһۣԷеĳԾ֮ɫ
Ȼһޣһһ˿ֲԪɽĽޣʵǴԤˡ
浤ʿȻ࣬ܽ浤ĽޣȻӵĺˡҲˣһӵԪɽĽޣȻӵѹͬ׵ľʵ
ûӰ˴гԾ
ɫһʧ¶һֻɫƵӴһ˫ĿѪֻǷһ󣬾͡顱һΪɢ
ӴȻѱշɽг顣
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λ浤ǿŴһݹһͣĴӸ߿ջ£ջؽɫɽȴļɵ֮⡣
ԭѣһޣСʧˡһսˡ벻ԪɽȻ֮һնɱͷ󡣡Ӱ˿ϵķ⣬ȻȻ˵
ûʲô¼ȻӦЩȻӦõ顣֣ܵҲԭͨλѹסˣ׵ֵġɫɽһں󣬵΢΢һЦĻصĿҲһµϵķź
ô˵˴Ŀģ˳ˡѣȻѾɱ㽫ʬʰһ°ɣȻҵȾȥ䳲ɼȥֻǿϧϷλͬ塭ףȻһ侫Ҳɱˣˡ
תһת˸Ƿ˵Ȼ󼸲ߵ׳ʬԱһ飬ҡҡͷջʬԵ̣һܵİö죬Ϳʼʩȡϵͼ֮
˵ǡĵѣȻֻˡжȻô󣬵ȻҲҪðʱķաӰԣҲ̾һĻص
ŴŮһͷɵ˷źԱߣȡһӨƿʼһһϷȫ档
һĶΪȻʱһˡ
ˣҲɵĽŴŮĶ
ף
ӰϺȻ¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫָһȻӷĳץһ
һö׻Բ滹ЩɫѪ˿
ѣ
Ů̴ڣ㵵˵Ҳ̲ס̤ǰһĿж¶һ˿˷֮ɫ


683 
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ʱҲһϾΪ浤ޣµѵļֵֵ֪֮ˡ
Ƭ̼䣬ӰʹӵѪҳö
ѣȼһЩɶǻѣ˹ʵ˫ĿȴȵĶЩ׻ķѡ
ԣ˶΢΢һһս֮£֮ܵǼпܵģһѵĿҲӴ١
ԼǡӰԣһ˵ͷ󣬾һ״аָָðһİ׹⣬̼סЩѣĿӦ
Ƭ֮󣬻Ӱ۾չһЦ˵Һãöѣгö⣬ʣµöϢԼӦöԳɹ
ԣʱһ
λѣ֮ѣĳ˵дôԸһۣȡЩѡ˿ͻȻɫص˵
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Ⱥö˭õûдãһ˳꣬ڶһ浤Ϊİ֡
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ĿУҪ˵ڳΨһܺģҲֻλ浤ˡ
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ϾѾ㹻࣬ҪҲ֪Ҫ²ſЧˡ
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684 
ĿɿڴУۿɼٶѸٸɱȥԭ˻ҲֱԾŵϴȴֻмͲŵ
Ƭ̹һȴǰ׳ٵѪٴδ޵ŴһζкȻһ΢΢ࡣ
ٷޣѸɱͬһߺǣɫ֮У˫ĿأԱž̲ʵɫû˿
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Ӱ˵ĵһɨһֻɫֱ㳯ڳ֮ץ
Ļɫ䣬вãʶ˷Ӧڿӿ̼ס壬ͬʱһɫǶһɴСĵǰ˫͵һŵ棬æҪ˳ȥ
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Ϲ֮У޷ֺ춼޷ſһ£ֻܾɿˣɽƷһжֻüҴһƳԶԶԺ

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Ӱ˴˿Ҳѻָжš
Ŀɨ֮£Լ˿ƺһͨ尵ĸߴɽ֮Уɽ֮ССĶߣӰӰ´»ܿԶɽ֮У鲼˲ٹĽƺһǳصӣвʱһЩڽ
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ԣжʱһ󷢿࣬׳ɽ֮ҲǺպڣƿ֮أͬʱҲļ޾ۼ֮
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۴󺺿ȴûôˣɫЩ֮ɫƬ̺ٴο˵ǰνĹţͨռ徫ѪеѪں֮ڻһ壬Ϊ֮е֮壬ԴаգΪƻҿ׽֮ͬˣĦڵĶҲɱˣǵͷһգҲ
˵һ仰ʱ۴󺺵Ѿ
ֺ뵣ģǼϵһʧġĦڵѾҪ޳֮ͨҿһ򲻺ϣһ˾磬֮Ļ֮һɹҷ̶һǿߣؼҲкܴĻᣬͨǰӸͨİأͻĿǰкܼġ󺺻˵
ϣ˵ɡ۴̾˿ü΢չ
Ҳ˶ǣռһЩѪѣǿʳ淨򣬾鲻й¶˳ȥЩѵеҶ˵鷳ɣڷӣֻҪҲþֺġ󺺼Ȱ
ֲٶ˵ˣĳȻѵһѾƸ۵˼۴ԣɫŻ
ˣֽץ˲浤ʿͶ뵽ؾ֮УĻƷӦò˰ɣ󺺻һתʵ
ԭһЩջɱĦСʱǡץһӦñ㹻֮ˡ۴һ˵
ȻˣΪ˱ҹζִ̱࣬мƻɡ̳УȻҵȺɫĵӲſɡһϲ
Ҳá۴룬Ҳ˵ͷʾͬ
ƻȻеΪأǱ֪չһ鷳֮¡
ο˿ȻδἰΪɵĻǺһĦڵһöҲ֮ɫӴ
֪˾Ȼ͵͵˽У֮̾ǰˡ


685 ̽ؾ
һӺ׳ɽ̳֮ء
۴ͺӴ˿վ˼̳ǰ·ʮʿֳڼ̳·һɫۣ£һжһ£һ֪Ǻ󺺵ĺ󱲵ӡ
ЩʿΪ浤ϣ֮УٮٮߵĴڡ
йҲ˵ʲôǶҺڵѴӸǧѡϼѵĺѡӣʽԺҺڵѻִؾڣؾ֮УҲѾ׼㹻Ʒǽк󣬿ȻɱЩƷǴڵ⹦ȡ侫֮׳ʵΪó׼ؾʥֻ̳һˣζʲôҲ˵Ҳס֮УǿΪֻʤߣõкѡϵƺ󣬲ʸУ۴
·ӣɫһݡ
˵֮Уǿʳ˾ռ֮£Ǵ˴βͬʤ߲ʵܼ̳崫еƺţ׳Ϊ󣬼ԺٽͨҲǴп֮¡
Ϊᣬ֪μӴмܣһɺѡҲûһԸ˳ġ
һ浤޸ѻͣԺЩֵʵˡ
ؾǱÿϢν롣ڽΣ㿴Լ컯ˡĿ·ɨһۺ󣬱ԼһǰһΪ׳˶Ĺͷϡ
ͬʱ۴󺺵ĿҲԼһΪ֮ˣһϡ
ѡӣ浤ϵΪϵϢֺȺĸо浤ڵľ磬Ҳпĵӡ
ղĶһۺ󣬶˵һ˼̳֮ϡ
˿ͬʱдŹֵķ
ʱ·ļ̳ʱâʢͬʱһģһֻ֣Ĭͬʱһ
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һ̣ɫ۵ĵУΪ׵Ĺͷ׼һ㣬һܣؾڷһ򿪣ֱӷ룬ܿʧӰ
Ϣµǰӣֻһģĳؾڣһ֮£Ǳؾ֮С

ؾ֮еĳɽţձϴѩ׵ĸڿƮţȥԶȺɽƣ̲񣬼ֱһء
һ۵˿վһ֮£ɫĬȻ
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һж²Ĳ࣬ԭ׳ɽĳؾеĸʿǱһץġ
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689 Ө
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䡱һһɫԵü״֮ϣ˲仯ΪһźɫεıѶ
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ۡһһ˶ɫԶƿնɿײ˾ڵСɽ塣
ɫǶʱҡҡλεһ
䡱һ죡
Сɽͷ϶ʱһĥ̴СķʯĽ
ʱ߰׹һһĿݹ˲伤ֻһͻΪһʱİӣһ˿ײ֮ĿŲԶɫǡ
˫ĿһҲͿȻ㣬ŨŨһǿޡ
Ҳֻ浤ڣδڵģְһȴһ˿ء
һ浤޾ӵǿϢԽ˵ԷĲ򵥣֮ǰЩ浤ڣҪǿĶࡣ
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ֻһָһ㣬йһ󣬵ĳɫǼȥ


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Ա߻ӨˣҲæâһһѣһӶ󣬴һ֮ͬʱϼһ֮Ӧ£һĻһͨʮɳľҲɫӰݺһ˶ȥ
ԭʼĿĿľߣҲ˫Ŀһ˫ֻһӣɫ
һٷ󣬵ϵһ߽ޱȵĲȱʬ塣
ľһ£ʬ˵ɫ


693 ľ괺
ȻʵҲ㲻֮£ȴ׾ٵıɱˣ嶼ľһѹճ˽̿
ԶһȴƵһСŵɫԼһɫӰƴѣȴ޷ȥ
޵ľ꣬ڱѹնɱӳ˲䣬ͱзڤһסˡ
˵ɣôҵǵģʵԸһʹ죬㾫תͶ̥ȥҵǲںһѻֶεģֱɢе꣬ʵ
˵̫硭վǵܲȥġɫһ𣬵¼˷֮⡣
ľѣ¶ѻ֮óѻ֮¾ͽΣԣüһָһϣһĲҽһתͷŲԶĿľ˵
˵ʵǿʵΪҲǻΪȴǻʵ浤ѻ֮ĻȻʩչΪ׵һЩġ
û⣬ѻµͨһֽ¾ˡľ߿˵һۣٺһЦ˵˳ֽҲ
ѻʲô˵ĸֻǰľԸµĲһʶķ󣬵ûñ㱻˷ټʵĸεģʶһ֮ԣδϸڴӦ
ԣĵͷ
ľһͳԣһѽӹе֮꣬ɫָͬʱһɬ
㡭Ҫʲôס֣
ڿľеŤѣ˻ѣƺһ±ʹޱȡ
ľδţֻԹԵĴ߶ѻ󷨡
һҽк󣬾һų鴤ˡ
֪˶ú󣬡顱һ굱ڿľбѶΪĳ״ʧˡ
ľȴһΣɫĳǰʬԣͬʱһУɳһöһץУһ֮£лһƬ
еҩʯݵȵľߵĿȴֱһöƴСģ֮ϡ
λ鷳ˡľһ̣ȴ̧׿Цһ˵
ľѣ˻Ŀ΢£ȴɫʵŵһУǰľẉ̂ಡһֱƿնȵС
·żѰбһֱһʣǶ֮أֲȶеϢ˵޷ټģƸӦ֮ԵʣҲӦѰġľе̣Ե
ŶĪǴºöйأӨԣҲеһۣҲ̲סʵ
ˣ̣ҵҲնɱҲзֵġ΢΢üһֻƷתһģһ̸ֶ
λµĲݷѻõϢ˵ص޶ĵӣʮ˵ӣ϶ЩͶؾˣ϶ȻĳֱǡЩĵӣܹͨƻӦͨЩҵǲ֮ζܣúεȸʶķ󣬶޷Щѡӵġľ̾˿˵
˵ҵȻΪЩ˵ˣӨԣɫʱʮѿ
˶ʱĬȻǼΪԭÿľȻظʵĴ㣬Ҫˡ
Щָ»иѰٶġ
Ȼˣǲͽƾͼƣݴ͵ǹһһ֮ɱɡֻǲ֪ľѵˣƬ̺ȴƳĬʵ
޷а취ƾָġλѻһ£ٸĳЩʱ䡣ľȻĿһ˿ɫ˵
û⡣а취ָȻòˡԥĵͷ
󣬿ľһ֣һö̵ͨĵ裬ſȥȻԹԵԭϥ
Өͬڸȴ
Ƭ̺󣬿ľϷһ̹⣬ɫһ֮Ѹ̸£̼㽫С
Σ˫Ŀ΢΢һУ¶һ˿Ȼ
Өɴ˫ĿҲЩ˼ǰһĻ
Խ٣ƿľߵô׳Ѹٽ֯һ𣬾ΪһŴдĲľľγû˽ȥ
ʮɸߴ󣬲֦鲼˴쳣ĿҶһݵϢɢ
һʱ󣬵ľһʹĵͺȴ󣬾ͻȻۿɼٶѸٿήջΪɢٴ¶еĿľߡ
ʱȻһƬŨɫסȫϵϢҲԾٶȵĽڽ
ľѣѾ޴ˣΣĿһʵ
λ֮еһľ괺󷨣ܹԪΪۣѸٻָ۷״̬ҵȼȻʱǿУҲֻʩչˡľ߽ȫһк󣬲һ˿ɬЦݵ˵
ͻӨЩȻ
˻ûҵȶ֣ڴ²һЩɡӨһ˵
Ϳľ߻һۣԴȻû
ʱ䣬ҸɽڿٳһѨ沼һһЩ󣬱ϥĵȴ
£õһѡ񣬵϶׵

ؾ֮еһïܵĴ֮У˿һҵɱ
ݹòƣ˫̥ħʿ˿иԳһڵħһһҵǰһµ޲ѡ
ֳһ쳤꣬һţǿֵס˶˹ڴʱħͻȻһģ֮£һʧټ
һ֮£ϿգϢӰһħͻȻһħ͵ǰһ£ɢźĵ⽻һһѹ£ƾ֮
ҲսҲ֮ڶ˳ֵһ˲䣬л쳤͵ֶӭ˺ɫ⣬ͬʱһζһɫݹȥ
Ȼħ޾ͬʱһЦںɫ쳤ײһ֮ʱٴһģʧԭأһ̣֪ôͳɫݹǰħٴһ֮¡
һ
ɲסݹ⣬ֱֱնأһڼҲһƬ޷ֵƬ̡
̼䣬Ѫͬʬһء
ٺ٣Ҷ˫ɷ֣ǲߵħʿЦһ˵
ߣ˼޲ȻǳȥǾڴ˴ɱ䣬ҺΣҲħҲЦһ
Ȼδȶ˸˶ãïͻȻৡӰһȰ˶


694 
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䣬һŨһſһɫ磬һ³Ƭɫƣ˲佻֯һ𣬻ΪһĴִһѹȥ
ħʿһͬʱԼͬתħ̼նʮ߰˵ڵĵâ
վԭزһ£˿ûж֮⡣
һ̣ʮ߰˵ڵ׷ڷϡ
һž󣬷Ȼȥڵ򱻷׷÷顣
浤ڵޣħ޼Σʧֻǻһۺ󣬾ͺȻתԶӡ
ڴʱͬʱصģֱȻһ̧¡
ϺɫȻʮ֮ޣһ֮£㽫ħʿС
֮Уϸɫкͳɫӿ˲ͽħ޵Ļͼ˺Ѷ飬򱻷вȻס޷ֺֻƴ߶ļǿֵ
һ̣ħӰһȻһһҸֶͬʱһ̧֣ʮָȻüޱȣ糤ںָס
Ӱ䣬ֱ۶ħʿŶһץһ顣
ʼգһģһһĶҲڵʯ֮ˡ
֮УħʿĲҽεƮҡѪ˲䱻һա
ˣ˵һ£ͣϢѸɢħʿ˲ӿеµġ
ʱٴһָɫһתۼ˻Ϊ˻ҽֻɫǻڰ֮С
ˣޱĵͬʱſһɫϼžһ˿Уȥ
ʱ˲һЦͬʱ¶ı飬Ȼһһģ󣬾Ϲ˲Ϊһ壬Ϊһˡ
ںΪһ꣬ԭȶһģֻһ鲼ɫƣһ鲼ɫơ
ϹһͣĻһɫƥԶȥ

ͬʱһ¶ѨС
Ȼۡһ죡
һڵϷֱͨĶڱţһӵޣһԾϳ˿־֮ɫȻһɫݹǰȥ
ոշɳԶһڹͬӶһɶٶ˲׷һ¶ĺġ
ºѡӱĹڹ֮ɫݹȻһ£ײǰһɽڡ
¡¡һ춯صľ죡
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ͷ­ޣȻһţ״ĹӳĶ˰ɽϣƬѪѸȾɽ档
顱һһӴӰºѡԡ
Ȼһ׳˶֮Ĺͷ󺺣ɫֳɫͷ϶һںڵǡ
һҲǲμ£ϢȴޱȣһøնΪ֮
ͷ󺺶˵һֻɫ֣ץסȥ޲Цһ£ֱһ
ꡱһ죬޵Ĳһֹȥ
ͷִ䳶һöɫƲһն϶ʱֳһƬŨɫͷȻһ˶ɫţͷһţһ½ͷ­˽ȥ
´ͷ­ɫһ»Ϊ״ְ̬˶ɽϵţǹӳһ֮£ȥѪĲ䡣
һкȡһ̣ͳ֮϶ʱֳһƬЩʵԲ״Ļ
Ļг˶Ϸһâţ֮⣬ûˡ
ͷĿ΢΢һɨ£϶ʱֳһ˿̵Цݣͨɫâһ㻯һݹһȻŶϷɳ۶ȥգۼʧߡ

ɽµزɽУϥпľһСС̣ڱĿӦ
ͻӨ࣬Ŀʱʱⷽ
˲󷨵ڣѾȥʱ䣬;ȻһҲûҹ
ȻҲ֮ҲЩסˡ
ݿľߵѻ꣬ؾЩѡӵʵ浤ʿеٮٮߣҲᱻѡμл浤ڵĴڣ˵ͨɲ⣬ʵѾʮֽӽͨϵ浤ʿˣǿߣҲֻ֮£սʤĿܡ
ʱ䣬½ҲѾдʱ䣬ұͶʱࡣȻҵ϶ӡǣ˿Ѿûж˻ѵġֻһ˵õ˵ҲѾʼɱˣһʱѰġȻĿˡ
Σȷ˵ܣ˵ĻѵҪɡ˻ã浤ڵӣɾЩˡӨüһͬ
磬ҵڵһգǻûѰĻҵ뿪ľ˼һºһҧ˵
ãǾ˵ˡһڵľˡ
ӨԣȻκη
УľߺʹŮ浤ڵǿߣȻҲΪ׵ġ
Ȼ֪ͬ˳ʱɱڴ˵صĸʿѾѡնɱĲˡ
ѡ֮ͨһɱҲֻʣ˰ǿ浤ڵ˶ѡ
˾Ⱥʱ򣬿ľߺȻһ̣৵һվ˵ˣ
ͻӨԣʱһ
ľɽ¸˲С͵̽󷨣̲ٿأֻҪ˾֪̾
ռƻ£
ĿһԥķԸ
ľߵͷ˵ķɿ̽
̱ۡâһ㾧תһ±þӨ͸
ɫһ´ɽֶ˵̼ڽ˰֮С
ľٴһ֣ɽ֮еʱʧӰӨҲͬʧԭأ·δֹһ㡣
ɽУֻʣ˿ľһ˶ѡ
ոЩãһƿѾɽ⡣
һ£¶һ¹ͷ󺺵Ӱɣ¶·Ƥɫͷ϶һںڵǡ
ͷĿɽһɨɫһȻֱһһȭ嶴յۡһһž޴ȭӰһûɽС
һصľ죡
ɽ¶Ϊ֮Ȼһһı


695 ս
ͷһȭȴվԭ俴ŵɽʯվԭδһ¡
ԭ浤ڵĵѡƬ̺ɽ²ԫȴһͳš顱һһʯɽмǿľߡ
ʱŹͷĿ⣬֮ɫ
ôֻһأҲɡͷһľߣһ˵
Դ̣ͨѾ˵زֹһˡ
¼Ȼ֪ڴˣҶһ˹ո˵ˡľͫ΢΢һȴʾĻص
ߣϻȻȰѾ׸үɡͷԣһǿһ̣һȻΪӰļ˲͵ľ߲Զط
ʱ顱顱ֳһƬɫģ˲䱬ѶƬɵӿ̼γһŨŨûС
󷨣
ͷ󺺼ˣǵûͣ£Ŀ׹󣬺Ȼһſڣһɫһһź󣬾ͽǰһ󶴣ûڲԶĿľϡ
䡱һ
ľǰƾոֳһɫľܣ˲ͱɫķ䲻òýľһᣬų̹£ŵס˹ܡ
ʹλȵ浤ǿҲŵŵĵȥ
ľ߲ɵĴΪȻҲҳɵĴһλѣ뷨Уֵںʱ
仰䣬һ֣ͻӨӰͬʱֶó֮ƵĽͷΧס
Ө˵ĽһһӰһ£ٴμ˴ѣһ֮£һһâ̼仯ʮɴСߣһ˶ȥ
Ŀһ£ӿ˫Ȼǰһ죬һХУԼֻȻͬǰһ
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İɫ𣬹ͷ󺺶ʱоܲһһɹɾ˷ѹ
󺺿Ц͵һ֮£ֳһɫģ˲佫ܾһֶסһſڣ³һöͨںڵţ״СӭСһģͳ˷ն
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ͷ󺺼ΣһЦһ꣬һٵһת顱ĻΪģɫС
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ľ߼Ҳ׷ֹϼŰ˾ǣ
ʱɫѱɫһɶԭɫУҲЩ
ͷ󺺺ٺһȻǰһһɫеľ֮£죬ͬʱֳһ㣬һ֡
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ɫȻ䱬ѿΪְСɫţ˹ȥ
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䡱һ죡
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ƺһһ̲ס˰벽ȥ
ͬʱҲ󣬷˵ĺһҽС
ĿһƳбһ
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ۡһһѪɫƥӶϱ۴һڿһ֮£ȻΪһѪɫС
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׳ȻûϵŮдֶΣ΢΢һ£ϷӦоһᣬҪһƽն
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һ죡
ͷһŭȣо˿һնɫȭӰмһնȭӰдľֱһȡ
һ̣һ
׹һɫ绡Ҳھϣһ»Ϊϸ˿ı
ͷֻյһ飬ɵΪ֮һ
ʱѾɳȥĻӨȴдʵĵֳһ㡣
ۡһ
ԭѪѪȻһΪһѪ˲˹ͷϣƴ
׳ֻһǰĹڣһʱ֮޷Ѷɫ״δˡ
ಡһһӰĴӴԱһڲԶһǿľߡ
ͷ󺺲ҽһͻȻ˫һĽѪѶȴһĵĲˤ
ͷϣȻһСصĻɫɲ档
ʱ׵Ŀľߣȴû¶ϲɫ󺺵ĿȴǺȻ
޾뺷˹Ѫסʱ򣬻ڹؼʱŤܿҪ·𾫸һ룬Ҳ㷨εķɲ޷
ʱƿһ죬һɫӰһģ󣬾ʹӰͷ󺺵Ķͷȥ
Ѹײڶ
ͷ׳һ˿ɫͻȻһðɫ⻪ͬʱȻ


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顱һ
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һ̣ţһͷͷϼǣ׼ڷһģ£һӰ弤ȥ
ֻǰһţѾ嵽ǰˣһȴҲˣֻһҪ˫Ȼһֲ֣ɫƬǰһᣬӲӴ˻
ۡһ
ţ֮գ̹һȻֱֳ۵һƽ֮£һºǽ
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ǰǿѪ֮סţĻӨԶȴһĵĵڵϣ⵽֮£һʱҲ޷վ
䡱һ
ǽ֧һ㱻ţͷϼǣײĺȻѿ
ţƲļȥ
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һսһͻΪʮɽϯء
ţ֮׺ɫ֮ƣҲɫһȻֹȻһţǾг彣ݺһ
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䡱һڽɫâ֯һ𣬾һʱ佩ֲ¡
ţһͺооһնڹ˲ͽɫû˽ȥ
顱һ
սһ»ΪһСĵɳȥ
һһ߽ԶСһ㡣
ۡһ
ɫСһģƾԭӰ
һ̣ǰһսٴθֶ
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ľֻǰӰһţȻǰţ״Ȼһ֮£һƬɫӰһĳľ߶ȥ
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ţ״󵶾Ƿμпܽӽˣ˵ɵ
üһȻһһźɳһŵû²Ӱһ㣬ļȥ;еϸһɫƤףϺӿ̼ĻӰ
ಡһͳţգ˿˸Ƭǵָһţ͵ػһֻɫֳţץȥ
ţȻľٶһ͵һľ˼תڹһӭ˺ɫ֡
䡱һ죡
ڹһӴ˿ţοĵ˳
ڴ˿̣΢΢һ𣬡͡УȻһƬܼĺߣֱţС˼ȥ
ţһϷӦĴһСȱɫһ˲ִһȦͬʱ渡ֳĹ
߻棬Ħ׷׷
ţЦֱһţǾкХһɨȥ
һ
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ЫһͬʯһͬС嶼ڵ˲飬շɳ߰ȥڸһϢ
۽һ鴤ɫһΣһٳ嵽ţǰ
ЦһоһתΪһڹĽǰһն롣
顱һ
ΪһźɢͬʱһӰһ֣һĽţУͬʱݺһȭ
ţɫһȻһģӰնһȥ
һ죡
Ӱڹһ𣬵Ӱȭͷȴնĵһ飬ȻǰһٴһȭͬʱԺֻ䱳Ҳһ˶
ͬһʱ䣬һϣһֻɴǣҲһ˶
ǿľ߳ûֳԭΣ뵽˹С
ţŭолӶƬڹͬʱһֱֻ۷һƣһֻɫ֣һˡ
ԺֻӰתۼͱʵķ飬ɫƬȭͷȴһ֮£ֱţͷ­һȥ
ţЦһͷ­һͣþ޴ڽһϡ
ˣĿȴһ˿죬ȭͷȻһָһţ˲ðһź
͡һ죬˲伤䴦˿һ½ţͷ­ȫ˽ȥ
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704 ս£
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һִɫ绡׹бڳŰɨȥɨһϰΪ촷ۣ
һϹһ㣬һһɫ׹⣬Զȥ
ٶ֮죬˼
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λǿߣͬдΪһʿȻָĵҩԭ룬͸ýС׷ϣʬˡ


709 
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Įڴ˵صģһεĳĴԵˡϸһǰĺɫɳĮ಻ӵ
͵ɿתͣʱһɲǿϢȴʮ֮⼲ƿն
ʱɫ䣬Ϣ˿ԼԶܸ֮ܵһȻ֮϶ͷһλϻǿеķĦڵˣ
찵Խпࡣ
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ƫƫ֮ǰһ·׷˴ԼҲǲС
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˿̲ƣΪͲԼԹͥ
Ȼǰ߲ݵ׷һ¶࣬;вϧķѾѪδ߶Ѫ׶˿۷ԪǰĦڵʩչƺѾɣɲ⣬Ȼܿġ
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һʱԭһ޼ʵĺɫɳĮڴ˼ʧӰˡ

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Ȼһת߳ԶȥɳĮ֮ȴȻɳһɫķˣŹŨɳǵصĳϯ


710 ɳ
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ĵϯضóһƷʯԴ̤֮·󣬻϶Ƽܹ
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ʶһɨִ˶˽ҺΪ֮һ˼󣬱˹ȥ
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ͼλҸͼǵֺǰһ΢ͷƫɳӺһЦĴ˵
ѧŶͬһ˵
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Լʱ֮žȵķ֣ǰ֮⣬ȻԼһƬԲԼĪǧĶСޡ
֣ǾͿ쵽ˣǰޣɳǡͼͷһָָۣƬޡ
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֮ϣһռԼ֮һСͳǳأǳܵΧǽɺɫɳɣ֮߰ߡ
ñȽԶΧǽΪߴ޷ǽھܿʱЩͼ˴֮ˣͣĽ˳ǡ
һڵɳĮҪʱԶɳлҪ׷ǸڿƬ̵֮󣬲΢ɳ
ʱһ˻˻ɳ֮ӱ
ãɳ籩ˣɫһ䣬æס˽Ų
ڴǰͼֵһ·֮ʱ˵йɳɳǰϦԤס
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ת£ϾɳγһһĺɫС
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λǡһۣ¶ɻĿʵ
ֵܶ˻·һʿǴȻȥݼϡͼ͵
ԭˣסڹȥĻܼġԣȻ򣬲ĸȤִһۡ
ͼ״˳ڣͼͼ˵̸˽յճɡ
Ī֣ɳ岿䲻󣬽İ˵ĹģͼϺϡ˿ֲ΢תתҲϤһĻֿɱߵ̫ԶȥͨϣǴͬ⣬ȥݼ˼ҡͼЦ˵
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ͼߺ㽫ĿͶ˳ǳиɨ
ɳ岿еķͨʿĽвͬģɳʯɵʯ֧ţ߶ȴԼҡ
˴ĶǴƵɳˣ󲿷ֶɢҺϵϢˣлڵѹ
ǵģǳȻƺʵ˿ûܵѹƵģвԾ
ʱһɢŻϢɳŮһΪ֮߳
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ŮԼʮӣѩȹ¶һ͸İɴţֻһ˫ˮӯӯ¶棬峺쳣һ֮£һɽȪ֮УǰŮʶΪͬ


711 ɳ
֣ڿʲôأ˵Ǵһͼ
Ŷûʲôֻڴ⿴ɳŮߵһк󣬲˼ת׻һ䡣
ѾӦˣɡͼΪ˵
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һ·ľΪɫݿƼӣ˵֮ڴ˵صĳȻˡ
Ҳ˴˵ؽĲˡ⼸ǰһλ˴ʦΪл֮ɵģι̶̳ȿͨ˺ͳΪ˱Ͼס֮ˡͼƺɻϸ͵
ŻȻĵͷһ߽ͬǰڡ
еҲķʮֹֻǼ򵥵ĳżŻɫʯΣһһȦ豭΢΢ðӵײǽϣһϯƺͨݡ
ͼʾ֮Լ첽߽˺á
Ƭ֮һɴۣͷŰײ΢ߴӺú󷽻˽ͼ
֣λĴͼͼһָ΢
ͼϣʶһɨλ΢ߣ˿޷ӦΪǳ΢΢һæһȭ˵
λǰἰֵܰɣÿɣ΢ߴüĿƵĴһЦſ˵
лϣʮֿĻص
Ҳײ˵صģ΢ߵһԣ£΢Цʵ
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˵һأֻ˽ܳȥҪ뿪ǧѵ顣Ѳסһʱ䣬ǻԵˣһ˿뿪Ŀܡ΢һ󣬾˵Ļص
˵ĻԵǡһæʵ
ԵˣȻ֪ˡڴ֮ǰϷ򲻱˵ʲôġͼúðλֵܡ΢ߺǺһЦת׶ͼ˷Ը
ȻϾܷıǡֵܣҵססգԺΪѰһأ㰲һ񡣡վڴͼԣˬĴЦ
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˵Ҳ֣˵ÿպҹ綼һɳȴȻÿ찴ʱϢǳйɡ
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ļڣɳ˵ĳǳ֮ĴƣһϤΣһ˵صĸϢ
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712 ɳĮ
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ﵽˣʲô𣿡ɰվ󣬲һתƽʵ


713 ɳ
ŵʲôɳŮûлشʣµĿеɫ
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714 ɳΧ
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Ŷǹûгֹ޷ס򳱳üͷһ壬һ䡣


715 ϼս
˵ǰҲһ޷˵һԪˣʧڶˣǵʱĴƴĳſˣűס˲䡣ɳǷܴڣ˵顣ɳ˵˴кȻ¶һƵİˡ
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ʮְָڷʱԴԴע뵽ǰĽɫɽ֮С


716 ɳ
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ô˵ֵʵˣһǰ˱æˣϷһġһսҲҪúϢһϷ򰲶ٺһкֵסϷҪ̡΢˵˵
λɳ˵˿ҲƴʲôֻܵͷĴӦ
ϣԼסĿŲǰµһŽԪ˿˿ɫƽ쳣
ȻŲһ죬ͼ˹Ȼɳȥ
Ӧһ󣬵һգ˳ȥ
Ƭ̻ٴǼ俴ͨʯУѵ
һЦݵȻƺһòɳŮľ̵
ֵܽհˡһɳز衣΢յЦݵ˵
̫ˡӹ豭һŨ֮ʱ΢ЩӦһڱвˮȴһɻŨ֮Ųˮ븹Уаһů麣֮룬ƺָӡ
⡣
ܻ˶ɳͷɳޣǶֵܵĳرֵ֮ܵͬ죬ϷҲʮƷ󣬺Ȼ˵˵
ˣΪǰǰʲôնɱͷҲһʱ֮١ȻֵĿ
ǺǣֵǹǫˡϷ˴ҵѹһʾǰ֮ϷֵٰһСæ󣬿лͻȻһת
Сæ֪ǰָǡԣϲû¶֮ɫʮִݵķһ䡣
΢΢һ󣬶䲻߿֣һ˵ֵܣһսϷʹֻͭܵһͷޣ䱾Ҳش˵跨޸ؼĲΪʱ̫ɣظˣ޷֧һεĴսˡֵҲ֪ûͭ˵İɳ˵ʵҪԸһͷɳޣѣ´ٳͷɳޣ¾ֵҲΣաЦһȻ˵
ĲˣȷǸС¡ԿҲһ֪⣬°ﲻʲôæġԣüͷ΢΢һ壬Щɻʵ
ǺǣֵˡϷ򲢲æ޸ģ֪иطֳɵĿܺĲֻУæȡһǡ߼æ͵˵
ŶĮȵطһ˿ɫɫָ糣һ裬ûٽӿʲô
ȻϷ򲻻ֵܰװװæΪ꣬Ϸṩһ뿪Ļᡣ߼δ˵Ŀ˼º¶һ˿Цݵ˵
뿪Ļ᣿Ȼϲ˵˵ȥδѰͭ˿ܵĺĲν뿪Ļʲôһ豭ٴηµĻ˵


719 ϻĿ
ɳĮģһżǲ֪ǰһвĸֿܣͭ˿ܱһ֣ƵĿӦûв٣ֵֻҪҵһӵĵĿܼɡ뿪ɳĮķˡϷڲ˵ֵûغĲܸ֪㡣΢̹Ȼ˵
֮Ц
΢ȴɫ糣ƺڡ
ǰ˵Цˣ㲻뿪ĴŷǾԲȥżѰҿܺĵģһ½ܺȡأϲ뿪ķȥô졣ҴϿԵżʮΣգȻ˽Уֺ˳֣֮ǰ˵ǲŷûеõһ뿪Ϣ£¿²ܴӦ¡˵
Ҳգֵܽյı֣ϷҲٽ㵱ˣϷͶһЩɡһ˼ЦЦ˵
ȻʾԸϴ
˵类֮ΪĮɳȴʥأʵǧǰ֮ʿĶ֮֮ʿǰ˱ŲƵ˿ռѷ֮Уÿʮ꣬˱ƿһοռѷ죬ĳʱѷ촦ɳ籩ͻΪ˲нĿܣʱҲ뿪ضصС
ɳʵǵ֮ʿӺˡֵ֮ǰЩɳǴ֮ʿ껿ѪϷ򷽲˵Ǵżλ֮ʿǰľס֮Ȼλˣ˵żûм֣ż滹أвٿڵεκһӽĻͻᱻ
Щʱɳ棬а취ʹݲεĿܣܺЩɳޡǧȥˣʹ֮ʧЩɳ޸Ѫ֮Ҳܿƣɳ˵Ĵ󺦡
ҪǣɳѪģ̤żһϾԼɣȫ嶼żΧҵĿܲͱѰһգѰҵĻֻżˡҲǣϷֻһ˵ԵʡֻҪֵһغģϷԽбƴЩԪ´ʮ֮ڵ֮ʱ㰲Ȼ뿪
ߺޱһһ渵ԵʮֳϿҡ
֮ȻûȫŶԷ֮ҲΪȻˡ
λɳϵ˵Į֮ʱǶ֮ƿռѷʱ䣬˵ԼҪڴ˿ռдϸʮ뿪
ϻһЩҩʮʱ䵹ҲȲˡ
Ȼˣ飬¿ԴӦϱѪģȷ³֮һ뿪һ˼£ٴο˵
ԵˡϷԸȫģ³֮ͼĳ㾡ȫֵ뿪˵أ򶨻𡣡¶ԴϲڵĴӦ
֮ҧָƳξѪ淢Ѫġ
ˣ΢΢һͷǴӦ˴¡
ȻˣֵЩȥϢóȥɳĮĵż֮ľѾͷҲ൱ģһ֮΢߼ˣϲɫ˵
¾ȸˡ
һ֣ݱɳϣת뿪ˡ
һصԼס㵹ͷ˯
һսǺķ˲ٵķ;֮п¸գϽԼָ״̬ǡ
ڶ죬ֱٽ֮ʱ˯ѡ
˯֮ʱȴɳȺʱˡ
֣ˡɳȻɳ߳Цһ˵
ɳõˡ϶Ѿ߳ˣȻǳɡɷ˵
áżľ˴֮ңҲ޷ɳһɳ֮жУһʱˣǱ߱˵ɳͷ˵
ɳĴ£ֱ뿪ɳǣɳĮĴȥ
һ·ϣڶʶ֮սҲ̸
һͻһתʵ
һԼϿеλ֮ʿɳɷϸĳ˵һ
֮ʿҲ֮ˣҲӦ֪ˣ类ΪϻĿ۵λͨܡݳƣλǰԭȳ½Ĵ̫֮һ칤ڣ֪칤ڣһͽ֮㹦ĿӴĿܾţ֮̿۰һʱɳ߱߻͵
Ȼԣһ䡣
⻰˼ǣɳԣмɻˡ
ʶһˣҲ칤֮ˣʹһֻɫͭˣʹɫͭ˿ΪƣڿԭʦͬڵԵʡҲûʲôڽ͵
ԭ칤ڵ˽ʶʵҲǴѪɳˣҸɳˣҲһǶǰһʥصˡԭҲ½ĳһҵӣ˵أȻʮֲʣʶ˼ĸͶϣӴԺ󣬼ҸҲûҪ뿪˵ص˼ҸΪܵƣҲ޷ڴ˵ʱһ㳹׳Ϊһˣûþˡɳƽ˵ȴһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
Щ⣬һ뵽ŮǰƵƵѯʵĹڰ˴ҵʱЩȻˡ
ο˴Ů󣬾͹⣬ѯһЩż
ɳȻ֪޲ԡ
żڵĵط޲һ·ͽǰڲδϴɳ;˼ֻɳ򣬶ֻɱˣûеʱ䡣
һն󣬶˱һСɽɳ𸽽ѾǴɳĮϸֲβĹʯһء
ɳ𣬾Ϳ쵽żλˡɳһɳ𣬵һ˵
ͷҲ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ʱѾ֣ԽǿνżĮԷѹԽأɳס֮УάҺڵʵ˴˵غ󣬾ȻֻгڵΪˡ
ǵˣʶӦҲͬܵѹƣֻԶѡ
ĽƣϻĿ۾ס֮벻ˡ
ɳɳ޵ϮҪСģżΧвٿǻǻṥҪżκˡɳŲһӿ죬ɳȥ
ͷ󣬱˹ȥ
˵ûñ㷭ɳ𣬶ǰľһݡ
˵żͨܵסĵط
ǰһƬռؽĶӴ棬ȥĿĲԫϱڣڻɵӳ£Ե쳣ۡ
߲ĹϳǽǺµ̮ۼɫĲשĥɵߣѵİЩ洦ɼ
ɴ˿ɼЩεĺΰ׳ۣݻ


720 ɳż
Ŀ룬ȴ֣Խżģ̶ȾԽ١
ƬżܿһΡĹӴ
ĴǰݻõĲϿʮͨ
֣߰ɡɳǰӦɫԵúƽ
ԣһĸȥ
ȵȣ
żԵûɳȻɫһ䣬һסæһĶ㵽һزǽں档
ſڷʣĿһƳ£̱͡
ֻǰһٶ⣬һǵĳؽŲһΧǽ߳һһ˶ߵĿܼʿ
ȥ˿һͬɫףͷϴϾͷ˫Ŀλ⣬·ȼյĳ档
ͷ­ڲת˷ɨͣ㻺ûһƬƾɷݺ
ΧĿܡõģ䷶Χֻʮңֲǡɳοܺһ˵
ȿܼʿԶ˱żȥ
żʮֲͬĿܣ˸ոο⣬ҲһЩ͵Ŀܣżиɻ߾ͻԥĹǰ֮ʱҲԹٿͷɳһСĵǰһ߿͵
˵ͷ㣬ɳҲἰ
˴ܵϰԣйֶζһȻǿܣȻ㡭ɳϸĽһЩһһаǡ
˵䣬תһ䡣
ףȻͣ˽ŲߵһԼһ
һκںֱۣ˲ٺɫִЩ
ӦһԳֱۣܵΧżбвƿܲƬûʲôֵġɳ⿴һۣ˵
ʼ磬ֽһԡ
ʱ˲Զĸ߿кȻһˡ
ѭ̧ȥֻͷ֮УһͷɫĹܣڼٳ
ܻ࣬һ˫Ŀðź⣬һĳչɳעĿһ׶೤ļ죬ǱԵݣ˲ٵ̣ޱȣȻһͷܣһķ޲޶ֱ
⣬ֻ˵ϵĿܣȻ˻ʯ񣡡ɳһͷܣȴʱʧڣȻһץкɳһûһɫɳ
Ŷֿܺ𣿡û¶ɫȻʯûκθ
ɳҪشɫѾںХƿУ˵˶ǰ
Ůһմ߶ɳӭȥʱԱȴһſڣɫСһļ˲仯ΪĴӹмһ
顱һ
ܵһĴӶһˤ˵ϣҲ޷ˡ
˿мһöɫģڽ˲䣬ͽķ顣
㾹ȻնͷʯܣԱߵɳΣȴĿɿڴɳɢ̲֪
ôʲôֵ𣿡ֽ̧ɽٻأһ䡣
ɳԣûϻشȴͻȻһкɳһ󣬾ٴλûһɳУڹһ԰߹һնȥ
顱һ
߿ϺȻһĽɫӡۣûбһж
ʯܣʥеĽɳƶɵģӲޱȣΣճ̶ΧǰɳɳУɳ򶼿һնƿԸ˿ȴûжЧģɼˡɳʮص˵˫һ˿
֮սһ˾նɱ˾ɳޣôŮȻгԾϾûĿãʵֻһģӡѡ
̧־䣬һͷʯܣ֪˹
ûʲôһޣսֱһɽһЩԲµġ΢΢һЦ΢䡣
Ҳ˵罣޹ֶԶͬʿ֮ϣ˵Ȼġʵ˵֮˱ȱȽǣгһܹۿ磬ĸ׵Ըɳȴ̾Ϣһ˵иһ˿Īİ֮ɫ
ɳȥĻϲӦа취𣿡ԣһʵ
취Уһȵ귢ģ˺Ѫʥٴӭǰ޷뿪˵صġɳҡҡͷĻص
ˣüͷ΢΢һ塣
ǵģиԣʥһջٴѡ˵ġǰµĴˣ˭Ҳ֪Ǽ٣϶Դ˶ɵġɳЦһĻص
ԭˡãܹˣǸϽ뿪ɡ¶˼ı飬ɫһ˵
ԶȻִ˳صĽŲ
ɳȻͷӦһȥ
·̣ԽСԽżģĴεĿҲö
һʱʱһЩܣһЩ
䡱һȭͷϰһһͷͿܵؿڶץһŻɵľʯ
ͿܵȻأһ
ɳջ˲ڿϵɳӣ΢΢ףķȻܹĮѹƣս£Щˡ
ҪҪϢһ£һ㽫ɫʯķ顣
ɽȻϬֵط߶ȴĺķԺĿܣɴֻһһ״ݻٵ
޷ѾҪżˡɳǿЦЦ
ԽżĴŮɫԽ԰ͬʱϢҲͬʱ
ɳ˵żĴĹɳǽص˵֮ˡ
ֳΧһۡ
˴˴żֵЩһЩĺɫʯݣеЩ¡
ʯݵĴŴ󶼳ţ˲ٹŹֵķġ
ϸ֮ӦһЩϵĽƣ޹⣬Щϻǿƻĺۼ
ʯݵΧܿɢŵĲȱĿܲкֱۣȲҲаӣ󶼱ɳǣȻʱѾˡ
һпԼսļҳ̶ȡ
Щɳ𣿡ָŴϵĺۼЦЦʵ
ƬżɳأȻҲѰһЩܲǲƻķݵġɳԣɫһ˵
ˡʧˡЩǸĻص
ȻɳΪôпǰһʿػܼսһ
˺ܿڸһ󣬼ʮʯң˲ٵĿܲкȴûзͭ˿ܵĲ
ɳΪһ·˲ٿܣǾ͵ĿȴƺһҲûٴһʯп߳ٴüͷʵ
˿ȻżǿܣȴɳĿǰյļֿԲٿصĿܣʮϡ٣˵żҲûжٵġܲҵصĺĲÿˡɳͬЩзɿĻص
޹ֻüżȥ


721 
·;ǳߣһʯ·ӦֱͨżĵĴ
;ڶֻ࣬ôԱߵС·һ·Ѱһǰ
תۼ˴գ˼żһ飬ȴһ
żĴһ£˵̸š
ż඼ҹˣֻȥĵĴڲˡɳżĵĸߴãɵ˵
֮ǰҲ˵żѰҲĲĻǾֻȥѰһˡԣԣδ˽ȥɳ֪ʲôϢĿһʵ
⡭׼أĴǿճӺ֮أڿ۴ûã֪ʲôԵʵƲȫĪʧˣֻҪСһЩӦµġϾðսеġɳ΢һԥ˵
ţ濴ȷκν⣬Ϊһĳֲһ²Сͨµһƶ·ɻġŤٿ˿ԶʮصĻص
û⡣ֻҪֲƻʲôֶξʩչˣСŮӲͬһȥˡɳԣһڵĴӦû˿֮⡣
ܺãɳȺһ£ȹȥ˵ˡͷ˵
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ߵǰſɽǰſɿɣͨڣ·ȫúɫɳ۶ɣȥҲոһҲķӡ
֪ǷǴܾùϣżе΢ǵȶϸһȴֿ˿״
֮⣬ȵʮִʯÿһʯҪ˲ܻõĲҲֹĺʯ
˹ΰ޴ڵĵȴŹֵĺܣȺɫʯŽرգȽ˲ͨȴʮɣĲЭ
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顱һѪ˲仯ΪѪ£ȻΪһģѪɫ󣬲һûвӰ
зͣһѪ֣·һֱĬĬ߶ĳ
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Ȼû˿ƲӦȫ˹رˡĻֵðսһˡŽзɢȥĿһ˿ɫ˵
һ֮ͨʿǰס֮ܵҲ¶һ˿ˡ
ԥһ˾һֽһöЩƵĻɫóһ֮һָԼüһ㡣
ۡһɫһģ󣬾ȻΪߵĽɫʿֻ׺ЩƣֻЩģ壬˫ֳֿȭ
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һ߷ɫʿȥֱһ֮󣬾ͽֻƷʯϣȻһ
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Ƴޱȵʯţ׾ٵı˿źӿһɴŵùζϢ
˫ĿһУҲͽźһп˸С
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ԭشһ󣬷ֵźͨһƬκ쳣󣬲һȻ˹ȥ
ʱ򣬽׷ޱһ˽ȥһֱ߰ɾģ
˫㷽һͬʱ̤Ϻɫͨһ˲䣬Ȼ²һһֱʮɴСĳɫ˿ûеĸֶһ½׷ȫС
á
С⡱һ£붼˫һҪ·ߡ
䡱һ
ײ˹Եһϱڣص޷뿪ֺ
һͺ𣬵һץɫһ֣δϱںݺնܾһģһѣͺͽ׷͵һһƬֲָİط
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ʶӦҲƺѹסˡ
Ψһеοǣ˿˫Ż̤ʵһӲĵϡ
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ѵ֮һɣûзʧȥǾ뷲ˣδ֪Σա
׹һȻŭһһֶͬʱֳĻӰҪǿתڤ忪ڵĽơ
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ǰһƬڰ֮УͻȻһԾȵ
ڤԭ̫ŵӣĵǲԣĹϢڤǾڰ֮дöֻյļžռԵЩ졣
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ϰڤǾʮأҽҺԺڤڤǾϢӦѱڸ
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Щͷһ漴㱻һߣΣƳڽ˵
ڰеһϢΪ֮һʢҪתڤ
ڴʱֻƺȻӺڰ֮Ϣ˳İסļһɰľȻ
ֻϷ·һɽѹסһ㣬ɫͬΰϺ죬徹޷ֺ
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ڵĿռȻɫĹδͷ£۾΢΢һ£ڿһС
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Լվڴ룬һ̨̨һɫɺΡ
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ŮͯȻһΩΩФĿż촽΢ţȻǰĻǴжˡ
ǿһŤͷ­ſסģһһ˶ߵĽɫżȫӲӣķģȻͲ󣬵סһƣȴ·Сɽޱȣѹĸ޷ƶ֡


722 Ůͯ
Сӣ㵱̫ŵĵӣűõģȻʧĻƽɲ֮ʱϵŮͯٴεĿʵкȻһöָԭεĲƷ
׷ڴ͵˿ռ˲䣬ָԭΡ
˿̱ڵķֱɫץסȻֻһ̾ػصǰȷ̫ŵӡŷҲеõ֮
ŶڤǾĪҲɽǰϼһｻģŮͯԣʵ
΢һĬ
Ҫ˵ڤǾҪἰʦ֮£ŮͯޱСʱȴĪһһͨ嶼Էĸоֻܺػص½ԶһƫСԵɺ²½̫ŵġڤǾȴǵһŷ
С⵹Щ˼ˡ֪֪ڤǾ֮ˣ½Ҳûм˵ġŮͯ
ǰǰ˿ԣҲǶ˿ռѷ죬½ġһ䡣
ռѷ졭ѹˣˣЩ¶ν㣬칤ڿɻ½ŮͯૼкȻһ˿֮ɫ˵칤ڡʱҲ˼֡
칤ȻڣĿǰ½Ĵ̫֮һ΢΢һĻصȴͷɿת
Ĵ̫ڣЩϼһӦҲû⡣ŮͯЦ󣬾Ŀĳ
ˣҲ˵ֻεľȺ
ȻߵҲܲ³ҵļ˰ɡҾˣǿеϻĿۡκŮͯ½Ŀ⿴ޱ˵
ȻǰЩ²⣬Ůͯ˵ɫǴһ䣬΢Ҫ˵Щʲôȴʲôû˵ڡ
ڴУϻĿλ֮ǿѾˣ˭Ҳû˵һŮͯġ
ʶŮͯԣȻ׵š
Ůͯƺܿ͸룬˵ҷǰѱǿлٻŲòһƷֻڿżϣԵ֮ʱȫڿ֮УʶұĿ޼ЩΪжȡһʲô۵ţЦ֮ҵʹһսлȫ٣궼ɱҪڶ֮º֣¾ĴӴʧˡ
ǳ鴤һ£׵ˡ
Ůͯһ˵һȫ֮ˣҲϾֻǷֻ͵ϻĵĿ꣬ǲͬġɳһˣӦҲѾ˵⴦ĮǱƵĶ鱦ˡ
ǵģȷɳ˵ǰ˵أΪɳ֮Ѱһͭ˿ܵĺĲԵ˴һЩɳ޵Ϯܽ뿪˵أǰͷת˼ת˵
ԭˡЩɳҲҵˣ󾳴ڣû뵽񾹱СˡҲ˻֣̿Ҳû׷˵صĹܵˣҲⰲŵģΪ̤˵زɣǰڵ󾳼һɳĮԵŮͯһתûһЩ
󾳣
סˡ
һһ˭
δ״£ŮͯԹԵļ˵ȥ
걾֮ʱֻҪⶴ֮ʱڼ䷢һЩ⣬һֱ߿ż֮УĳЩԭҲ޷뿪⹬벽
ҵһԿܻԭڴ˴ż֮У걾걻󣬲֪ǺԵʣԿܾȻ֮⣬һҵµĽƣƿż֮еİؽơͽһֱڴ˵ݣ֮佩ֲ£๥ҵڴ˵صǿҲ˴Կա
˵˴ŮͯͻȻñŰüֳ֮һ˿
Ȼʶʲôһ㣬ɫ΢΢һ䡣
𲻶ϵĴнһЩʿˣϧһЩ֮ҪôɳĮУż˴żҲΪΪѹԵʣͽ߶Щֱɱˡ
ôˣҵһõˡСӣҿղŸǸɳСΧԸЩܵʱΪ飬Ϊڷѹ˲ٵ£ܷӳ浤ʵΪ˵زãʵӦҲܲɡŮͯ˵ɫһ
ǣ˵ز£Ϊδȫ˻Ůͯţһɲõĸоֻñؾ˵
ˣ˵ô࣬ҲӦѾˡȥҽһԻʹ˶֮Ůͯ˵ͻȻ˻֡
Ľɫܵ˫һɵķſ򣬲һ
ֻһ£ָжվֱĿ˽ɫһۣЦػصǰ̫߿ˣҲһʿǾԿܼȻǰͥ񣬲˵ʵ¿ƵĿܿ϶ҲܶԿġ
ͻĻȷʵǶ֡Ϊ˵صˣʹһƷֻ꣬⹬ܿһġа취нƻغͿȫʧЧʱֻڴڼҵݻǾԿܼɡŮͯгԵ
˵Ůͯƺ뵽ʲôһ㣬ȻһЦ˵ո˵ΪɳѰͭ˵ĺĹȻ뿪֪ǵķΣռ󣬳ɹʻɡ˴£ǳ֣ԻὫͳĮ
⻰ȻĶͬʱһ粻
ĺܣŮͯȻ˵ɣԲô򵥵ġ
Ȳ˵ԳϻĿ۷ֻŮͯǰ˵ǷȫʵǾԿŮͥ꣬Ҫ˵ûһΣգǴҲŵġ
Ǵ˿СŮͯ²ðҲܵģģֻǾԼȡôˡ
в˼ʱŮͯٴδΪ£Ȼ㡣ҼڤǾǳΪª֪ڤǾ
ǰͽ̣Ը꣡һϽ˫ȭһݵ˵
ڤǾЧ֮ǿЩһֱģϧǴ˹ʦһֻǰĲ㡣
ŮͯˣƺЦһЦȴƽ˵ʵ˹Ǿڤһŷȫܹʮ˲㣬һֱ֮ͨҲǵɱһǿֺеõǰʮ㹦ġǰɴ£ҿɽ˹伮㣬ں漸㷨ҪԼ취ˡ


723 ذ
ڤ磬壡ǰڤ統𣿡
󣬵һû뵽ڤǾ˴
Ȼڡ˽ҲͨʿʮƮ֮£Ⱦ֮˵ʵʵڴڵģ걾Ҳȥ˽һΣԲ֪ڤǾϧ޿֮ǿĹ̫ģҲûȥѰҡŮͯ˵
ɫһ仯ˣȻ˼ŴŮ˵
ò˵ŮͯȷʵȥڤǾǰʮ㹦˵޷ܾġ
ݻԿȻΣգǵҾܾŮͯƱֱӶɱֵġ
һûѡˡ
ãȻǰгˣԸЧȮֻ֮ϣǰسŵöһڴӦ
ٺ٣Ǻε֮ˣǻŵ֮¡ģֻҪȻ
ŮͯӦҲһϲ
Ȼֻǿ֮ϱ˿κεĽӲ֮״Ϊ֮ͨʿƵĿż
ˣֻ̫òӴһЩʯ䣬֪Я
һ뿪ڣֻϴһ֮󣬱㲻ܿƵ󣬾ֱŮֻ̱ͯյĽġ
һǰ˵ķ緶
ŮͯѿӶָֽһʹ˽ƣžĶȫк˵ϡ
миҲиϣһѶѾӨ͸ʯЩ꾫Ļܵȫҵס
ŮͯЩʯĿ΢Ϸһ˿Ц⣬漴һӣһ֮ƾ𣬵ʯϤһߡ
ˣһ鴤
Ҫ֪֪˶ʱ׬Щʯϴǰɽؾѹεģǧ֮ޣȴȫŮͯǰװΪ˼£
ף
Ůͯʯ֮ĿһɨɫͻȻ΢΢һһ
ҲζϵĿʯ϶ʱһ֮Ƶһԣ¶һ߲Ŀݻʬ塣
Ǿħʬ
СǲȻŪһʿʬ壬ԣϢħʬ塣󾳵ħʬǺ֮ˡҲɳΪ㴦˰ɡŮͯϸħʬۺϾ¶ϲ֮ɫһӣųһƬ׹Ľħʬһ𣬲һƾղӰ
ԣȻֻЦһвŮͯڶʺһ顣
ħʬһʬģֻΪûҵʵķһֱû뵽ҲԷĿŵȥˡ
Ůͯڵõħʬ֮ƺãĿһתǶѶϡ
˲һĵǰġܡֿʲô
һΣŮͯȴûжʲôȤǵ׿˿еĻƽһۺ󣬺ȻЦһ˵ģҼȻණȻҪġҿȻöƽֻǽ䵱ͨʹãʵ̫ˡɣһϹʱĻƽƵ伮ҵһãȻвȱҲǿıЩʯħʬǴ´ࡣ
Ůͯ˵꣬һתóһ۵ĺɫᣬзԼһͬ˹
лǰʹֻͣܿглһѽסһзɿսС
ǱϹŷ伮ȻûҲһͬ˽ȥ
ˣЩɳ˵飬㲻ȥˡǼȻҵӵĺˣЩҲ㹧ҳȥͷԿܺȻһѵġŮͯȻ뵽ʲô˵
䣬ŮͯȻ˼ɬѶСĳһӣŴĳһ

ͬʱ⡣
ɳ󣬱ڸѰһ֮ض
˿üͷ壬һ֮ɫԶԶŹһֻͣ½ǡ
ȥСչ⾰ˣȴһ㶯Ľȴް취
Īֳʲô£ɳнЩɳԣҲóȻ롣
ȴʱ򣬺ȻһصĽŲ
ûãһߵĽɫοܺȻſڣ˵ľֱ֮첽ɱ
ɫٶȼ죬㵽ɳصĽǰ͵һԾֱԾ˽ɳǰ
ɳ˴󾪣ӯɫʮɿ֮һȡɳУɫĿͿܡ
ɫȴȻһģһĵŮǰ
ɳ󾪣ɳһΣͻΪһɫƥն
ɫȴֱֻһģͽɫƥһץ飬ŽӰһɳһ飬˾ͺ֪Ļ˹ȥ
ɫһζһѽɳס򹬵ŴٴιȰ㱼ȥ

֮С
Ůͯ˿˵ʲôƺڽһЩ顣
ǹͼѾ·ˣذҲţǾԿǼӲޱȣֻѷذײſƻںˣмˡŮͯ˵ţһ˦Ӹμһ·ߣɰҵǾԿܡ
Ľ͸ľӨذף淺󾫹תͣɢ溮Ϣ
һ£ֳذ׳ǰһһ£ʱƿ֮ƺΧĿҲ֮˵
һ㷨δע룬ذױһȻӦǴеˣ
־ϲ
ˣ²˳٣Ǻ·ߣϽ·ɡסֻʱʱ䡣Ůͯ޶ãֻϸٶ䡣
Ȼͷ
Ůֳͯɺһһģ˫һ
´ʱ׹һ޴ķ㱻
ֻܾһģһ£ͳһ
ΪĹʮԶһ׾ʯ񣬲֪ǲϻĿ̵ֵġ
ҡҡͷ񣬵һתһöɫֶֻڶͷһǰȥ
Ȼ濴ȥ̫󣬲ǰԿƫ·̣ȴҪԶϲ١
һյĹ߹հ˹֮£ٴνһֲָڳ֮С
ˣֽȡһöɵ¹ʯעЩ֮¹ʯ澧һһƬƬɵĹαʯɢݶ
¹ʯ֮Уʱȱİɫյĳ
һһĻˣ
һȥǰȻվĸֿܣֻȫվԭһ
ΪϻĿ۾ס֮˶Ŀܣһ˿Ȼ֮ɫĿһ߷ɿЩܣһСļǰС
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һߣֻɳʹͭ˿Ҳվһԡ
廨ŵĿܣ֮ࡣ
еʯܣǿԼʿܣ֮ǰڹͼʶÿһֻʵҺڵʵ
ΪѹƵ£ԸһЩӦǴ´ֻ࣬һϣҲֻ֮ززķݶ


724 þϣ
ŮͯҲûƭԼЩܾıȫˣ˿̶һһһ㡣
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ʱ֮˵ͼʾĳƫ֮⡣
ƫȴƺţŷ͸һ˿
һת֮£һҪʩ̽ʱȴһŮӵ
ϻĿˣĸʲôɣ
һ⻰ʱзͬʱͷƤһ顣
⣬ѵʧЧˣ˼
δкζͻȻƿŽײĴ̶
һæͷһֻͨв֪ʱһɺɫɳ
ɫ䣬˲˼ǣһһƫŴ򿪣һƫ֮С
һ˲䣬Ŀ羹ȻֹʧӰ٣мӵĽײ֮Ҳһ·δֹһ㡣
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пһ£Ҫ֮ʱȴȴ䡱һϡ
ȻˣڿԻشҵ˰ɡƫУһͨ˫üŨɫװŮһľϣһ΢΢̧ͷ˵
ԣδӿڣֻǷɿһܡ
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ݴǰŮͯ⹬װŮȻԿܡ
ƺβ̫ľ·һİɫɼŮ˵ֻ֮˫΢ţ˿޷Ѿ
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֪֮ˣ˵ʲôӦҲܲ³ԭ˵ʱҲͬŲƵģֻǱһѡھӦôҵı꽣ȥˡɫװŮӼ̾һĻ˵Ͼ˿֮ɫ
ȴδŴ˻ޱһ߹ȥ
Ǽظ㣬ϻĿ۷ֻֻ꣬һ߱ѵԿܰɡҸ㣬ʵǾԿܣҲǿ۵ķֻ꣬ѡ񣿡ɫװŮӣȻһЦ˵
һ⻰ͫһĽŲ΢΢һ
ǼֻǲǾԿܣĺôҲ΢΢Ƿܰҳƿ֮ĻҿΪ״ӣҵϻĵĿȫ㣬浤Ҳ׾ٵ顣ɫװŮӲɫļ˵Ȼʮƽ˵ȴ޷ܾջ
ҽ浤󣿡ڽŲͣŹװŮ׿ˡ
ֻҪܹƿָ֮ʵҲָտɴ飬㾳Ǿ֮͵顣ɫװŮĿ΢΢˵
ȴվԭسκĵ˵ܷĻҵǲܿ£ֻڴ֮ǰһһ
ʲô㾡˵ɫװŮԣԥʵ
ҵǡҪ
ԥеȻһȻһȵ棬ξĳ漤ȥ֮죬ֻһ˾ȻɫװŮŮӸȥ
ı𣬹װŮӷǵû¶֮ɫȻЦֻһ֡
ɲǼ䣬Ů˫ĿͻȻŰ׹ţԼϸС޲İɫӿֶķתͣ
ĿһӴŮ˫Ŀ׹˲䣬ʱͷ­ˡıóޱȣ˲
ԭѾŮӸߵذףһͣ
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˫Ŀ޷ŮĿа׹Ųƿ֣дƴ߶ԵֵͼԼѣһֻһֽͼ֮Կ
̫ӦҪúõϢһ²ǵġװŮӼȻûˤϣĿһ˿죬ȴ˿ޱȹĵ
ԭֻͷ­һⷬ·ӼԶĶǹװŮģӰһ⽥ӿͷѾֽϵƾ޷߶κηó
󺧣֪ԼҪ׹ж޷԰ˣȻݺһϣͽԼҧƣһſڣۡ͡һһѪ
ѪֻǵһתͺȻΪöѪɫģһľһŵûС
㯵ʱΪ֮һ֣Ȼһ޺㾹΢΢һĶ˼֡
ΣɫװŮβסϵĳԾ֮ɫһ˵һһ˲ʧȥ֪û뵽ΪȻ֧ŵڣߣҲͶһʱѣڣ˯ȥɣ
Ů䣬˫Ŀ֮жȻɫʢ
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ʱһŨŨĽ⽫Ҳ֮΢΢
һԼеʲôһ鿪󣬾һڵ²֪ˡ
һ˿ǴƮȥ˲䣬Լŵһ̴ϢʮֵŨʮֵĺţʮֵİһ˿δС

㲻Ҫңѣѣ
һЩϾɵľ֮УһӣòͨĲŮӣ˿֮ɫڴͷҡڴϵһ㣬ӡ
Ӵ˿˫Ŀգ˫ն΢΢죬ĺ鲻ʱͷ䣬Ȼʪ˴صı졣
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ףҰˮˣûҪҪȥڴĺаѰкľϣŮӵ½ǣ˵
ѾǵһλʹȥˣһκϴҲƹˣҲ˵ʲôʱġǼҲûȥˡŮЩѵ촽̾˿˵
ţվӣŲ˼ǰˮ裬һԥ֮󣬾еľưҨһưˮ˴ϵӡ
ৡһ͵ĴӴ˫ۣ˦˦Դ
ˣ
кˣʱ¶ϲ֮ɫܵ˴ͷӵһֻ첲
һֻ֣кԴתͷȥһŮӣ˵أͻȻжˣ
ȳȥл˵ŮȦЩ죬һۣк˵һ֮󣬱Ҳ˴ͷ
ǣסͯµĵ˵ͷ󣬱ϵľ裬߳ӣš
֪ÿտ̿飬ҪȡûûҹĿֻ»δУȿˡŮһ˵ĵͷ˵۽⡣


725 þ£
ֻΪܣ궼δܸСԼãͬسһիһͬϰú׼Ŀԣĩͳӷģ״Ԫ½磬ͷܹϺӡӽŮ§뻳У˵
Ҫ뿪ׯس֮УŮҲ޷סеĲȻ䡣
ͷĵȥɣ֮£չšҲǸСˣҲѾˣͰĵ飬տȡֻǷҲҪע壬ǧҪ̫ʡԼûкõ壬˹ΣŮ촽ҧǿеĲᣬԴ˵
ӷģΪȥһղбһղ磡ŮӵıĿᶨ˵
ŮԣɫһףҪ˵Щʲôȴ´ɷĻԣֻýбʹĵףɬһЦ
֮󣬴ׯСߣһһŰɫӣĻӱһĸӡ
ӽ޽§뻳УͷһºӵԴ
չ˺ܿͻǿĵĲᣬ΢Ц˵
֪ˣҺڼҵк˵ͷᶨ˵
кͷЦһ󣬱תȥȴûٻͷ
Ϊһͷʧȥ뿪
޶ʼԶȥıӰþòȥֱӰнԶձһ׵㣬ʧ˴Сľͷ
֮ҴһСسС
˿ֵʱ֣һ򶫵ɵϣͷܶߺﲻһˮ־
һŰɫ㣬ü֮ɢʵӣŰųӰɵսǴһԺ֮С
Ӵ֮Ժ᷿֮УÿһյҹӳһҡͷϸжӰ
֮󣬺֮ǰͷܶ̾˷
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궼ûϣĳʵԼˡɫɫȻҡҡͷļֵȺ
ºҴС
ףţǵдģͯһ˷ܵܽһƬһ˶ߵĵ֮С
ӵŮԣͣе˫ȹϲ˲һЦĽӹке򣬴򿪿
ϵЦȴȥȡ֮һֵˡ
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кƺЩʲôĬĬĵͷû˵
תۼ䣬һȥˡ
һ꣬ĸӶΪ쳣ļ
ˣҲ˶ҪľԴϽֺ֣ׯҵճɲã벻Ůһҧ˼нʣһͷţŻЩǿάſ
ȻͬһζûкҲȻûеȵӵ½硣
һȣ֮á
ϾľڵĴ֮ϣŮΪ۳ɼԴ𣬶ȻδʣܱҲѾˡ
ףеţкٴ˳ܽڣ˵ŮӵĴͷ˵˵
ʱкѾʮˣҲǰԵĴһȦ֮ߣĽ˶Ѿǵʱͯˡ
ȡȡŮԣһЦ⣬ǿųӣȴԲֹ
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أΪãѾδܸУʵںش׸ϡ˼˽տɺãθûСк棬ԭЩ˷ܵ
ȡ죬ȥֽʣšŮԣһ˵
֮СԺ᷿У㲵İУһݼ飬ֻûܿԶʣ۵ּ
һаãܷĶɣڼеж顣֣Ҳ潡׳ϣгһܳ۳ɳЧҡ
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һգһ̵ķͷ֮ǰһĽ˶꣬һţȴŭͿɬ
Ϊʲô㲻ҸߵѾ֮أҪÿζŸһаãΪʲôһҾǰ˾֮ãȴûһλǣ㶼ˣȴ֪ˣ治֪Ҫȵһ죬пƾٶ˵ôҪҪô궼ؼӺͺӣ׻ҪִԲʲôʱ򣡡
䣬ӿصһȭĹһԵľʯ֮ϡ
顱һʯϳһϸϸƣֱ֮մѪ
ͬʱسǵԺ֮Уһۣûûҹ顣
ȴʱգ·ֻҪǿ㲻һ㣬ÿһܶʼĿ顣
ڣʮʱ
ֵڣڸˣһ̽
ˣˣˣ˫ֲһֽģдš֣̽·֣ķĺɫӡ
һԼ޵İ߰߰׷һݣ̲ס漴Ц
һգҴƺ֡
ͨڵΨһһ·ϣһǰš
Ϊ֮ϣһͷ߹ڵģö˵ȻǱ̽ˡ
һ˸Ҳۣģһòֵӡ
̽ǰҴˡǣָŴڵƣ˵
˫Ŀһеһۺ󣬱һԾ¡
ҪԼ߻ȥû뵽һ߱ʮ֮ãҲ֪غͷôˡһ󣬰е˷ܣԹԵȥ
һ۴ſڣǿ¾ɲ֮ӿ˽ŲԼڵӼȥ
ʮǰȣƺ࣬ԭĴڵڣٲȻֻм곤˻ԼſڣŪŵոϵʳ
ǣˣ
һ׵İ׷ϸ˿֮󣬷·ϳݣЩ˵ŲĿ⣬ƺ뵽ʲô顣
ôãһˣҸ̽ˡôػ𣬷أϸ˵飬һֲĸоӿͷеʵ
ϸ˲û˵ʲô΢΢ҡҡͷ̾һ
״вһ£漴ͷҲصԼڷɱȥ
ʮǰһڵһСɽ壬һƬݵ֮УһôִԲľСľݡ
ƿڵţȴǿտҲ
ƾɷڲ˻ҳ·ܾû˾סӡ
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ٸ˫ֲϻڵƮһֻɫһ㴩ɽ֮УƮÿһλ裬Ҫ
˾ȫһ浹ɱ
ҪϾɱΣŭ֮Ĵе
սΣʶһɨ¾ͺˣȷųɫֵĽɫ޲ٲȻһƷײ͵ķ˿̽ɽ棬еƬռ֮УȻǲˡ
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βһģ֮£ֱƹǰԲ̣ؿڡ
βٶȼ죬֣Ȼ֮æ֮£˫Ŀкڹһתһ̣һƬ
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ȻȻס˹ؿȴֻһȻӿβȵ˳ȥ
վڰ֮У·ս۵ףҡҡͷ૵̫ˣ
˵˫ֽӡǰƬ̺ɫĲ͹Ļ֮ϣĻϷĽɫķ׷׸ֶĽ£̼乹һ޴ķһͼ
һֻ̣ͷֻת֮вʱһٲȪһĽɫŹĻڵһɽͷȥ֮ɽʯȻѶ
̼Ƭɽɽ֮˷ɳʯգƼΪˡ
ˣȻòҰޱȣɽˡ
һĹһɫһһİɫӰѸԶɽ
ƬɽʱһƬǽ壬ԭļʵɽ˿ʧɽﵽҲľʯͬ˹һ㡣
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յǿ߷һ֮ʱ֪˭ַųϢ˵Ϊ󾳺ڵķĦڵҲ֪١
ЩŽɣȻΪϻΪߵķ˼ɵģڰ˷ַڵȾѿ˷ȴ󣬲µӾŲϻĶʱ
дҲƵƵͻʼںµĴƬհ
ϻĶʱǧϴơ
£߰ʱתۼš
һգϻĲ֪һɽеһ֮УһХͻȻ
ĺɫԣϷʯϷʱ໥ƣʱ໥˺ҧ
·ϵһֻɫ޻ڵϣ˫Ŀ֮һɫľһƴӡ

һĿʯһֻɫ޻֮һ˳Ŀ֮˳ȥ
ʱϷһ䣬ɫ޻ɫ˲仯һƬڵĹâڶת۽ֵһƬǴ濴淢ʲô
Ĳϰ£շڤͨ
ڤĵҪΪſԼֻܷϰ˹ԼȺͻ
֮ǰȣڤδܸһ¥Ѿϵ֮£ﵽĵز߶ķѵ׼ʱҲһ֮ࡣ
Ϊӵг˵һʮŽᾧ̶ͨУϲʳ鵤ĹЧҲһ·ͻͽڵƿҲֻһ֮ңˡ
ڴʱֻ䴫֮ͬ͡ʱһǿҵϢʶһɨ䣬ֻƺҪƤ֮г
һ֮£һƤһһ£һֻԼߴİ㡰ಡһǰԶĵط
ԭֻаƴСȣʱȻ˲֪ٱԭɫƤѾɫɢϢҲѾͨʿҺˡ
ֻ㺣Ѳֻޣǽ˳ڡ
޷һڵϷһֽУԭߴСͣһû֮־޴˼֣ԭЩģɫƶʱԵø


734 ֮ӡ
ȴûʲôȣеϲɫȴǲԶġ
˵㺣ԴײѪ֮󣬱ͬ˲ҩһ㣬Ծ˵ٶڽţ̶ʱڣѾ˷츲صı仯
ѪöûǾˣԼҲǾ㻨֮ãŽȫա
䣬֮ǰȼǿһϣϲǣڵЩɫѪ֮¸
Ŀǰڵĳɫ۲Դﵽ֮ǰϷЧ浤Ƭ൱ˣҪʱ򻹿Դ߶
жϣЩ۹˿һƷ֮ǿ֪ˡ
뿪֮޷ٽˣνһһƬǱҪʱ̣ǾԲȡֶּΡ
ʱ㺣ͱ仯ѾϣͻȻӶһ֡
Ӱһ顱һ˲֮еһʯȻѿ
㺣Ȼ׵˳ڣȻ˿ûг켣һΪ䱾ܣȫǹЫ­ǰͨԡ
ԴˣȻҲûʲô취
뵽ٴʶɨֹЫͷ­˿ûҪļڳ˯֮С
ֻСһԴ˱һѪѾ˯֮߰ãҲ֪ʱŻк־˱仯
ڴʱ֮ٴδ䡱һ㺣֪ΪΣԼǼӲޱȵԴײҵʯڡ
ЩεҡҡͷĿһƳ֮£ֱ⺣Դҹʯ֮Ͼһۿɼİݡ
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㺣޵֮ҵʯڻҪӲҲѪԺЧˡ
뵽ĵײЩЩȲҪڵİ㺣û޼׾˺µı仯
һУһ罫㺣һء
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дʣ㺣ͷһģȫעУ㺣ϵɫȻâһ漴ûһ޼ס
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ʮպһ߿֮ҹһϰͻȻһֱӳһ̵ʯɽ֮䣬
˵߰ÿ첻ϵĽħͫþ֮޲T׵ĵȼһͨ׵ףٶȸͻͽ
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ڻþ֮յ޷ڴþҪ޳ɴԲֱ뽫֮ķȫںϣ㿪ʼ֮ҹ
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ʱ߿һһڴֵĽɫ绡һֱӻ߾ٵֱۡ
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ܶڤеֿҪӲ֮壬ѾڻþģǧεЩгԲ
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׵ӡ˲ţбһɫ˿߲ͣһ̧£Ѹ۳˴ɫĵ绡


735 ػ
Ŀһ䣬һָԶһƵľ޴ʯ壬һڴֵĽɫ绡ָ˲
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޳˴ԲҲ˵ֻҪռʱħˡ
Ͼ޲Tԣһħпܾͻ᳹׵׵ıȥΪһֻ֪ɱ¾ˡ
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֮ޣǰԲʿҲѾﵽ󾳽磬ǿȳѰ֮ˣˣб׻ֱӡ
ǿ῰浤ַѪ˲٣ΪԷһǴ꣬Ϊ׵ڣʵֺ󣬲ȥס
һֻ֮ҪȥǿУӦûлټħġ
˼ƶص˶֮Уֱɵʯϣ˯һ

պһ峿֮УϥһֻɫľӨСƿ
Сƿ֮Уǰ׳ɽؾõǰƿţѪ
Դ֮ϻδ׶֮ǰȥУǰʱһЩҩǧʯһҺ⣬һֱӼǱˡ
ƿţѪûô
Լ˻ʣ¼ƿϲժµļƷҺû⣬ƷҺѾƳ鵤ЩõĲˣеʯҲʣ޼
뵽ֿ˿ֽʣµΡ
ЩԲʺãҲһֱһûȥʱһԵ
ڷϻ֮ЩͷʱǰٷƷһˣᣬĵ˲Һ
佻֮ʱʯЩγ֣֮Ҳڹע˴󣬱㵱ϵķͷó˼öƷ鵤˵ֳ䣬ºǴҴҵ뿪ֱӻ˶˲ˡ
ҪһԽЩγ۵ֲעɲ׵飬Ƿֺֿķʱ;ĸͷ۵ġ
Ͼϻ֮شδҪʱ뿪Ҫúһ׼ˡ
˼󣬱浤ţѪٴλһĳͼϢ󾳵ǿҲ޷ʵΪԷж
οԳͼڵͨҲΪڴġ
ǰλʱͼڵľֽ֮ȡһ֧ʣƿմ˼£ؿԼǰ
ʱ֮һֻ۵ţͼֵϻƶ
״ǰһģ֮복ͼ֮Уһ˿ůʱͼ֮תš
һֻţӰۡһһ֣·԰ǰ˻һ֮󣬲һֱû伡֮ϵĳУûͼڵӡ
ĳͼ֮𣿡Դɻһ󣬱㽫ʣţѪһ
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˼ҵ裬۸񹫵Ҿ©ҲΪȫ
˵ЩɱԽ֮ˣȥõ̽ҩתֱ֣֮򹴽һЩ֮Ըߵļ۸ύףĲ
ٹպƷжǣһ俴ͨĴ֮УĿһŵĻܼ߶ÿλԶһ̻ƣſ˿ֵ֮
ڴʱһͷñƤ׳ſڿŶ룬Ŀһɨ֮£ⲽһǰ
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˵ͷźʮʯŴӷһ̰֮õģӷŻƵıӦòˡ
ȻƬ֮ƺͨĳַʽ壬ٴǰ佻У˵ǰ
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һ˱ӵ̵ĺ˳ȥһ߹հһͨͨҩ԰֮С
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Ŀһɨ£׾ܱеʮ֮˾š
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Щҩɢ֮УǰľҲЩЭ֮
ĪǴ˴ֻһƬҩ԰֮У
˼󣬱һվԭأƺûٸ·˼ֻһ֮ɫ
볢ƿ֮ʱתһ룬һ񣬷ųһǿѹ
ͷԵİƣֻͽڵΪܵ˴ѹʱͨһĹڵأͷ亹
ǰǰҪʲôЩ˵
ʱһιʱ֮еһǰľɫһģ֮ҩ԰ԭʧˣȡ֮һɽС͸¥ƺֱͨɽ
¥ſһɴСţϵɫҶ֮ϣһĴ֡סȷһЩҩֻϸǰĻþ֮ˡ
ͬʱһԼĪʮ꣬һɫ۵ߣЦӯӯŶ˹
λĪ֣ģ̫¡ӭסֺ̣±Ǵ˵صƹ񣬵ѻһ𡣡Ц˵
ͷɫȻѹһգ󲽵˴֮С


736 
߳ǰư˰֣º󣬱ͬŶ룬첽ߵǰǰ·
ͨһ㳤ĺɫȵ߽ɽ֮еһҡ
ͨҲͬǣʮɴС֮Уһ㱡İɫиʶ֮ЧмֻһʯֻʯΣ֮⣬
߶˸ƣЦӯӯ˵
Ҳߵһʯǰһۣȥ
Ѵ˷ǰҪЩʲô˶ʯϣԴ̽˵
ԣޱһžžžžһӨʯгһţʮ֮࣬ŵ˵ͷȱʯԱЩҵȡһЩʯ
ԵͷһУһֻƮȻ𣬻С
ֳһģСಡһ򿪣һɫĹâȻŷеһת֮󣬷¶ݣǵ׳ɽлɱǳõǰɫֵ
ΣϾ˵Բ죡߲ʧ˵˫Ŀ֮Լһ˿ϲɫ
ĬһƽĿŰߡ
ǰҪ۴ԸʯչΡʵ
ʯ۸㹫ûһ˵١˿Ϊޱ˵
ȻҲִ˵ڶֻУһöɵԲ飬ҲǴǳá
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˶һɶõķͷΣҪĻ˰ʯˡҲף˶ȥĻ»Ҫٹϲٵġߵ˵лʱ¶һ˿ʹ֮ɫ
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ʱ̵֮УޱĿʮֻУǰվĺˡ
ȥһ£ʲôʦӦûѰز̫ѡ˵ΪҲ浤ڣֻҪһ¼ɣҪȥŵˣȥ޻أԻͷ㱨ߵķԸ
䣬ɫӰһ漴ʧ֮С
ͬʱѳǧ֮Ⱥɽ֮УòȻֻһ׷ԲԵߡ


737 
С֮һ·Ͷݣȷûбκ˸ٵ£˳Ļص˶֮С
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һºһ죬֮ϥ֮ʱȻ΢΢ͬʱһŮ֮ͯ
ˣҳܣ
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Ѿﵽ˴ԲĵزһŽԪδֱӷһɫ绡ǰɫһӭȥ
ʱͻȻڵһʮŽᾧͬʱ΢΢һŽᾧ治뵺ڣӿһ޷Ƶǿůʼȫ߲֮ͣ
ͬʱǰֻצҲǷһֽУϢҲǿ
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ӿкɫµɫ绡һɫƣŶƱƹת£һ͵ı˲ܣʣಿ־ֱӵ˷ˡ
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ЩмʿҲ壬ڴһ㣬û浤ʿסڸ֮˵Ϊձֻл磬һЩҺСֻԶԶһ۶ѡ
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ǲһһֳֶһɫƿһƻлð


739 ɱ
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˻޿⣬ЩҺʿȴԵЩ㣬ĿҲһѡ
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Ҫǣͻƻƿһ¶˲䣬ͽȫֱӻɱˡ
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귽һ£һеջ˹ۣͬʱųʶ޼ɵһɨ
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Ƭ֮һڹڿն𣬳ɽȥֻһ߲ȱȫʬ塣

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һĴޣȴҲ׼ԣȻſ˴죬ɫâһȭͷСԲ顣

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747 һ֮
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ˡֱȭ˵һ䣬תԾ̨ȥ
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ӣǷһ˿Ц
Ϊķӣ󲿷ֳʱȴŵӲϵ䵹Ҳ˿ֵġ
Ҳķӣݻʦ𡣡ʼ磬漴Լݡ
ԭʦ֣˵ʦִţһᣬһᣡҵǲǰֵķĵӡŵԣ¶֮ɫæʩһ񣬲Ķͣ
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ǴеʦְǱųϿУͨԽŵġ
λʦ־˵ʵˣΪ´󹦣˱Ϊ״ӣҲ֮˻ڡ˵ʮ궼У֪ʲôز
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ЩƵ뿪ķ嶥һصԼĶ֮С
ʯŻ֮ȴһʣû˿仯
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ڸŵķʹ˵伮ϹʱƽʿǽȻͬģ߾ӵԣӵĪǱڣǰȴֻƿܰĴڣֻܹԿƵѡ
Ȿ伮ҳϣȴ˼ûƽʿһŽƽʿƳɷطȤ


750 Ǵ֮
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751 
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վһ꣬ŲʮͣýüĿ
͵Ϲ裬ܿȥˣˡ
ϣһƷ裬һĺ
ʦܣν²翷Ϊ£ֱ԰ɡڿѯԪ⡣
ʦȻô˵ˣʦҲˡ
һЦһָĽ꣬˵˸λܣʦոսĹŵӡ°Ͽλʦʺã
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˺Ӷһۣһʼע⵽üĿĽֻ꣬û뵽ԪĹŵӡ
ʦֶض˵ʦҲӰɣôô˹ŵӣ⵹ǴԤϵġһףЩ˵
΢ĩ̳֮ܵһܼ̳²ĵӣҲˡʦ˵˵ͽΣӣ΢΢һЦ
ʦֶӦв꣬Ѿﵽ˻Ϊҿʶ֮ѡüͷһ壬²͸Ԫʵԭ򣬿ԾɵЦ˵
ʦˣͽȷʵġ˵翷Ҳкܶ츳׿ĵӣʦһʦֶǧѵһ֮塣ԪǺһЦʵ˵֮塱ĸʱĿȻ˶ľ㸾ϡ
ʦܹˣܺʦֶȣҲֻͨͨѡԣһ˿ɫȴǫѷĻص
ʵ´˴ǰݷù壬һҪλʦһǱǴͽܣλʦֶ׵ġԪĿһۣͻȻ˵
һ˺Ӿһ
ʦܴ˻ҳһΣ˿һֵӣŻԵλʦ㣬ǧѵһĵػ֮壬˵ľ֮һҲǿѰ꣬ҵôһԼ̳²ĴˡԪȴ΢Ц˵ػ֮壡
˺ԣͬʱһ
߿ŽĿҲʱΪͬͬΪͨ浤ʿȻ֪֮֮µˡ
һ̣Ӿ뵽ʲôɫ΢΢һ
λʦҲ֪ػȻϰ๦漫󣬵Ϊÿһ磬ڱһֻСͽǵ磬ڵĻѾʼ谭ΪĽһλŮӺ˫ޣܳ׻ɻ浤Ȼڻˡ
ԪʮֳϿģڶһٺּɫص˵ţʦӣ֮壬ʵѡԲŸðǰ󣬻λȫ
üͷ壬ɫĬȻȴɫȻһصʦ˵ɣػ֮ȱô׿Իġֻǵ˫֮ᱻȡ룬ʹ˶ڻһǰ·飬ȻܴӦġ


760 Ӳʩ
ǺǣʦȻʶ㣬ʦʵ֮
ԪĿһȴɫļ˵Ҳ֪˾ٿܻ翷棬ʦֶҲЩɣԸöƷľĻ鵤һѪ񣬻һν롮µʸΪʦֶҲṩԴȫ׵浤ģˣλʦΪΣ
ԣûϻش𣬵Ŀ˸
Ҫ֪Ļ鵤浤޾Ļö꾫Ϊƶɣ޽ڶзټ̺֮˼ΪĻ浤ʿż棬ͻƿʶÿһֵǧʯмС
ƷľĻ鵤ڽʱҲһЧá
Ѫƻ෨һ亱Բϣֵ֮ȻԶˡ
ڡµ̫ŵһСԪռ䣬˵ͻƾľ֮أȥ綴ȵطʲ࣬Ҫ߽רṩ浤ʿʹõģÿķϧԴһҲܽġ
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761 
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ˣһ³˹ȵףһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
ʦҵȻҪȻѾ˫֮ԼҵõѶϢķ֮ͽҲ˿֮ˣڲǰƼΪ˲μŻҪӡʦֶһȢζҪȺŹһġ˺Ȼ˵
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ķǰһʵϹ⼲۶ಡһͣ˶Ϸ֮С
ų䷺ıһȦȦһɫٻӰϹƮȻ

ŮǰԥƬ̺źٵߵ˶š
ʦã֨ѽһڴ򿪣һ۵˳ſ֮ˣ΢΢һѿ˵
ʦ֣òˣӭ𣿡ȻһЦ
ֻû뵽ʦûͻȻãȻӭ֮ġЩ֣˿ɫδ¶һý˶˴š
Ƭ̺󣬶С
Щªʦû벻Ҫ֡ЩȻһЦ
ⶴƽʱû輫򵥣ʯ輸ͼѺľζѣԵЩտյ
ǰʱʦֱĿޣСһĺܡȴҡҡͷʮԵ
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ȻڽΣ߼һ׽ĸС
֣ʵһġºգգȻҧ촽˵
Ŷʦл˵ˡԣ˫Ŀһ


762 Ӧս
ʦ֣ġƺʲôһ㣬΢̾˿󣬱㽫йԪ֮ԭԭ˵һ飬û˿
ЩĿɿڴĿŮ˵˫֮Լʱ϶ʱ¶һ˿Ź֮ɫָֻܿƽ
ֵ֮£ԭ£ʱʵ飬鼱֮δ룬ֻŶס˵Ŀڣȴû뵽Է˱ԵҪ󡣡˵˴˫շһƬĺΣмǸȻ˵
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л֡һϲӯӯһ漴¶һֹɫ
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¼̫ŵɳҿԱȼġ
ڣֻܿǸˣܹսʤɳͨԺл˵վϣǾһв԰˼֡

ͬʱ콣һ֮УշƿϴѶֳϸСּһ˿֮ɫ
֮շϲ¶˵ЦݣԭˣʦãȻ˸߿ͿûǸʵнȳˡ

ŵһɽ壬ƸʣԶڸһЩɽ֮ϣɽȴΪƽ̹һ¥߾Ӿ֮ϣһȦȦƣһӺݻɼɡ
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ķ֮УͬһöѶݰ˿ûУ˲֪﾿ʲô
һվԱߣΪǵ˵ʦ֣ŻٿûжʱˣʱһʲôˣǻӰŻϵķӣϾѡŻɲס棬˳αȶ
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Ļ֮ϣͬһŰۣ뷢԰׵ߣ˫ֱɫΪ䵭
ʱɫʱ仹дʱ㳡ܣȴѾŵӾۼڴˣȺͷӶ̸ʲô
еӵĿ⣬ʱʱƳе

ͬʱ̫ĳؿռ䡣
ͺ˷ں֮ͤУͤſһʮɿˮĻ⵴Уĸֳ翷ϵΡ


763 ս翷壨ϣ
ɽĳֵΰĳյĴ֮УһǰƯһ̣֮Ӱ㿣Ҳڹۿ翷
ͷ߹ڣƳ봹ؿڣϵϢƴ󣬺ȻҲһ󾳼Ĵܣ̫ŵ̫ϳ¸°档
ϣ󷨴ɳأŵ֮ҲǿߣԸǸֵαԹۿ״վһ۵ӡ
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Ӽˣ¶ڨڨɫֶĲ㿪ˡ

ϣ˿ҲֶͨΣйעⳡԡ
СʱƮɽƽ̨֮ϣѾۼ˲ǧˣԲʱиɫݹ˷Х
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Ŀһӣһ˿䣬ƺ˳ŶԷĿֱ͸ĵף˶ʱϷһ⣬·һ߶סһ㡣
һݺڤ΢΢һתҲͻָˡ
˱ˣȷʵЩ¡ýԼһ䡣
ĿһҲ¶һ˿֮ɫˡ
ĳˣʦ¡°ǰ߹һʩ񣬱ֵıĿĻеǼǵվһ𣬵ɫһһ˿֮⡣
ûеԼʱ䣬٣ǽȥɡ߰˰֣ٴδһͨ
°˵˹ĻУھ˲ԶվΡ
ʦã±ԿʼˣֻסǸ°ɣʣµ齻ұɡ촽΢һԵ
ԣ΢΢˵ͷ
ĵʵҲ֪ζ˵ǶԶʵսڿ˵
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ΣΧ۵ǧӶʱ˵Ŀ˰еλ
ˣȻ˶ˣԱʽʼɣ֮ǰҪ˵αԲɱԲöǶԶıԣֻһ˶䣬жʤѷ֣Խһֹͣһ˵ţĿӹĻϻɨȴޱȵĴڳ˵ĶУдݡ
Ļĸˣȴ˴ңңȫһԲ
˼ˣŤ׶԰ߵľϣǽͽˡ
ǣġ߹ĵ˵ͷ
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ֻ˻ײ֮ϣ׷ױ˿һƬڹⷭ𣬶°ȴϰ㣬˲ź󷽵ûбڹס
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ǵ뷨һġֱۣ̹֮⻺ɢȥ
ʲô˼˫΢УҲûż֣ʵ
ԵƬ̾ˡȻһ˵
˵䣬λζ䣬ȻһӰ׷°ĿâбɫԲӭһ趯һǿҵ⡣
°ˣҲͣ˺֮ƣ˫Ľȫעǰɫ֮Уʹٴʵ˼֡
дʣֱһԲһú󣬻ûɫĻӰΧ°·ͣƾˡ
°鲻࣬һʱЩңĻӰƵĽڽںˣֻзһ䣬ǰ޶ܹâʢоһ⣬Ϥ
ЩӰһ⣬㱻һ޷ǰֺ
һ˲°һɳһâлΪһͨҫĿס
ʱ°ȴͻȻһ˿Цϰ׹һһŰƴСķ
һ¼ɬ³һʵʵɫģһ󣬾ûһɫ°Хȥ


764 ս翷壨У
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ڶһεĽ֮һз·һ㡣
ԭִ°ɫҲһ˻ɢ»Ϊһֻǹȴȥͬ˰ա
ʦãµˡСֽ󷨣ð׷ˣȻܶˣ浤µĹ޷˺ֺġʱ°ŵ˵
Բ߶ȴֹȻ˿ЧҲûУжʱ³ȥ
ڶԷҲͬ˵ͬһ΢΢һ
ߣͬʱסңҪʲôһʵ
ʦñѩα֪ʣ֪ʵѷһС󷨽ͬʱֻҪʤͿˡ°Ц
㡭һµûУȻףǺ޳ܡԣʮŭ
ٺ٣ֻǲʦڱȶʲôʧôֶεģ޳ܿɳʲôϵ°ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ͼٴ΢Ц˵
ȴ֮ȴȻˣȡ֮壬ڵĻ浤ָ֮տɴԺ˳пɶһЩĻһ浤Ȼٰ裬йͷ֮ޡ
ȴ˪Ťͷȥٿ°ˡ
һȻǴˣʴ󷨶δʩչ㱻ԷӲ˴˴
Ůתһ룬Ҳ̫⣬ϾԭȾȲס°ģһҲǲĽ
뵽԰ĿǱսŴ

ףǷŵСֽ󷨣ǿȣӦǳ󾳵ʿ֣֮ȻһԵģֵҲҪǧʯɣԪεѪؿռ֮Уһһ䡣
΢Цףȴûнӻ

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Ŷʦ⻰⣿üͷһ壬ʵ
ʦܵͷĳЩҲ˽ˣԸʦʵĶ֣һֶο϶У˵ֻʩչѹ׵ġ󷨡ˡǴ˷ǿһʩչҲԼҲ޷һиʧʦҲġ赭д˵гֲһԸ
û뵽ʦ־ţûϵʦҲʦִʶ´е󷨡ԣһЦһʱ
ߣȻǾͱûѹˡɫһ䣬һ˫һ̧ʮָɿͬʱϿʼɢĻҹ⡣
ˣһһȭȻ
ֻڹһһֻ˶ĺɫͷӰȻ両ֶһ֮£ֱͻʮɵľ룬ǰ
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⾪ȭӰɫҲޱȣ˫ͻȻһҹһȭӰ֮ǰͻûһĻɫĻ
Ļͬɫɴһ㣬ӳĵĿԵģˡ
һ̣ȭӰХź˻ɫĻ֮ϣ˴ǣĻֻ˲ڰһ֣ûзκ죬Ҳûб˺ѿ

ַһ䣬еһֵ
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˶ɫͷȻ䱬ѿһɢһɫĻ㷢һ󡰆ꡱڿ
ˣ˻Ǳ͸ɫĻһɾ˳ȥɳɣâһס塣
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ڴʱİľȴͻȻһ̧һ
顱һһŵɫмʱѶĻûɫģû·ɵ͸Ļ֮С
ͬһʱ䣬һȴǰѻϴ͸ĻɫȻһ㽫ЩУ
ĻڣԶСסԪƺҲûܵЩѻӰ죬ȻҲΪ
һ̣ĻҺɫһ΢£׷۳һֻһֻĻҰɫѻܹʮֻ
һҹѻԶųһŹֵĶУ
ȻѻѴﵽʮֻ֮࣡ݣȴһģ
ž֮һʢ֮ٴθֳȭӰһ㳯ȥ
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ڽȭӰ£ɫĻ޷֧ŵıѿ˿˿ɢȭӰʱˮ㳯ӿȥ


765 ս翷壨£
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ʮֻҺɫѻԽԽ죬γһҺɫ壬ʣµȭӰײ棬ֻ˵Ļҹת׷׵
ȴޱ飬˫ٴһģؼĺɫȭӰӿ
ȭӰҹ⽻֮£úڻɫһȴԾ޷ֺ
Ѿһȡһֱ۴ϸĺɫᣬһչֻ֮ӡ׾ķģλ滭һֻѻͼ
ʮָɵһŵɫ䵽˾ϣҹ̴ʢķķ·һ㣬ɢ
ۡһһھѪھ֮ϣҹһ±мѻͼ֮ȼ˻ɫ档
һѻһֻѻӰӻһΪª̬ӷףһѪɫɢĹâ
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ʱɫһ䣬һϺͬʱצֶ˵ɫף˫ϸγ˼񵹴̵ȭס
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һƾ˵ĺУмֻѻͻȻžѳŻıѿʱڻɫһҵĲԾûбơ
еĿһ˿Ȼ֮ɫһ٣Ȼһµ졪硪䣡
䡱ַһڣͷѵľѻӰͻȻһ̶˻
·ʮֻҺɫѻҲͬʱһС
һֻʶСˡһ£·شݺһһ㣬ͬʱһǿҵͷ֮ӿʶЩ㱡
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ʮֻѻÿµ֮
Сʮ𡯵ĳƺţ׶༪ˡ
Χ۵ĵӼĻʱ۷׷Ŀ־־֮ɫ
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䣬ȴ˶ʱھͻָһµӣҲЩˡ
˵˵һʮ䣬һһǿ󣬵ȴҪģΪҲǿʩչˡ
Ҫǣʩչ䲻ĴķΥΪʶԪвСӰ죬ν˼
˿ɫº󣬺һҧٴſڳͷѻһھѪ˫һ취ƺ֮䣬һص
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ȻʶЩججǵԾڤڤ֮УͻȻһԶȸղǿֱ֮ӻʶ֮С
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ǵˣ֮жʼ͸Ѫ˿ȫƤҲϺ֮ɫ
С֮У֮֮Ŀǣ˿ûܵӰ죬˿̵֮ʱʧɫΪȴ޷ֺ
Ԫȴϲü޼ɵĿɨ
ʱȻѽˡ

췢һȻǰһپһ˿˿ľԴԴؿڴڷɿע룬ջʶУӲɮ֮ʱѹȥѪ֮е
ؼʱ̣ȴϻʶһѣӲӾٱıԵ˻
ľˮһ˿϶˫Ŀ˲ָ͵һһöСɫСУע£ȻһĻΪһâûԼüġ

ʶϷɫСʱһȦȦɫһЩȻֵĻһɫɿ߽⡣
ȴһӦɫ쳣ѿʮָѣ߶ǰȺѻ費ѡ
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ͺһ˲ȫȫע뵽ս֮С
ಡһ
һǴʮΪһɫƿնߣٶ֮һ㡣

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зȻһ䣬ɫȻϷһȥ
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·ۡһɫ˲佫һն𣬸һŵĴӾѻӰж
ѻӰԾɱſڵĶһȴȻΪɢһЩƵĺɫӿƮ¡
ھѻɢͬʱʱһžѪ˲䳹ή
ʱһɫϯ£콣Ӱ˲佫С
ȵȣˡΣЦһͻȻڴ˵


766 
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ԣ˵ĵһУսһ֮󣬵ΪһֽļأûüĲӰ
ǰһĻһ㣬òԶʱľϲ֮ɫ°ȴ׻ҲЦֺˡ
˶δӷһĻӦ֮ʱȴٴһģʧԭء
һ̣һɫӰһĳԪ˵İɫǰ

ֻ˿ȫƣ˲ֻ޻Ӱ
һ쳹صХʱΧΧ۵Ϥѣ
ֻɫȭ׸ǵ˫ȭͻȻ񵷶
ɫȭ翴Ϣķ׷˰ɫ֮ϣ
˵һˣ
ǰɫǱķ׷ɢĽȭӰϤΪУ
߰Ϣ󣬰ɫֱâȻʼ΢΢βɢķҲԽԽ٣ۿҪ֧ˡ
סס֣ҡ䣡ԪǰһĻ𺳵ԸӣſڲĴ
˵СֽȻܼ󣬵߶跨ҲǲСԪԻΪܷܱ㲻ˣ޼ʩչ֮£Ȼ֧Ų˶ˡ
ԪԼҲδ־սֻϣ󷨣ֶνֻʣһˣʤ˿ûˡ
ǰⳡԿ𣿡
Է֮üһȭӰһյͣ˹̧׿˳İߣɫƽʵ
˿ڷҲʣ࣬£֮УҪлʶǿ˿̿˫һڵĻʹȥˡ
áԵ˽ˡ˻ʤΪеİƺҲлعһۺ󣬴
⻰һڣĻԭͱսĻĿɿڴˣ˻عһº䶯
һɫ˲˶ȥȡһöԪº󣬲ŷ·㳡ϣϥ˫Ŀһյæ߻ҩ
ǰһսȻ̣侫ֱԶġ
ҩ麣֮мݽߵķָɫźÿһ㡣
ʱԭ˵İɫͻȻβ˼º󣬺Ȼɢ¶ɫѿ쳣Ԫ
˽һƮȻߴ
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ǲ֪ʱڴ˵صɳͨ졣
ʤһ̣ƺظ֮Уδãľٶһжʱζӳ֮С

Ȼ׼Ӿ֮һסΣϵӣʵҲŽǰʮ֮ˡŻμӣſǶ˲ʤ㣬㿴˴ӣǰҲٵæ쾳֮УĿ˽һۣһվЦ˵
õ˵ҲǡͿһۣ΢ȻһЦ˵
Ŷ⻰Ǻ˼Щ⡣
͹һЦûлشͻȻһֻһһϼһһΪһǹľԶȥˡ

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ߣдŭݵĵһһһûǰ֮С
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״ȴûôˣ£һöƬֱţζʱͬһĵ顱һײ˴ʯǽ֮ϣһڵĻ˹ȥ

ķ֮У᳤Ҳͨһƣ翷ϵĶ
Ȼʤˣ᳤Щ˼˵ȴһ˿˷֮ɫ
ʵ˼ǿŻбضʣΪ̫һЩˣķҲյŲٵļνˡ
ȴĿĿ˼Ƭ̺󣬻Ȼվһģ£㻯һɭɭڷ磬֮ɾȥ

ʱ翷ɽ㳡ϵȺ·ըһ㣬˽ͷӶ۷׷ס
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ķʵ֮ǿҿŵҲҵܺƥеˡ
ŻܼȭСֽҲ̫ǿˣ
۷׷ף̾ʵ֮ǿһʱ֮䣬ƺ˳ϵˡ
㳡ԶĿ̨֮ϣԪ˵֮ԵʱɫЩ֮ڴӴվһԵˣ˵ʦ㣬СͽȻˣ֮¾ʹգˣЩעЩԻǲġ
䣬δ˿ڣӰһ˹㳡գ裬ۿһӣһɫϼһһƬ·°ˣΪһƹ⳯Զ۶ȥ
һĻΧ۵ǧӣһൺ
ڸоɫʱ򣬲ŷԱ㴫һȴԣĿգҲգĿ䡣
֣һСǷ飬ԺҲ֪βܳˡһۣȻһЦ˿Եñƽӽļ֡
ĶٻŭŵĽǰȻеһ˲ʧҪ˵Щʲô֮ʱֻǰ⻪һȴݹӲͬ󣬼ͬʱǰԶ
âһ֮£ֳӰȴһ¿۵Ӻһĸˡ
Ӳμʦ𣡡æǰһ񣬺ʦ顣
ԱҲӯӯȥ˵ʦ𡣡
ﲻķ壬ض񣡡һЦ˵еİ΢΢ͷʾ⡣
ԭ٣δԶӭˡһȴҲӲԶ̨һɶ
ܹսŵӣϾͬʱ浤ǿߣʱһ
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ţ˵һ롱ֺ󣬾͵ȳ翷ȥ鳯΢ͷʾϺҲһɫĸȥ
ʣµǰ˵˼仰ֻͷͰĿһͬ嶥ڿնȥ
˵ЩͷԣʦΥһԥ󣬱Ƶĳȥ
ȺУɳͨҲ¶֮ɫĿͬ˽Զȥ֪ΪΣֲõԤУ£Ȼȥˡ
΢̾һҡҡͷͬתһȥˡ
ΪֿɿΧ۵ǣѾҲգۼߵһɶһУ׷ȺĻһɫݹ⣬ɢȥˡ
һ㹤ԭͷܶ翷ɽƽ̨ʱտյˡ


767 Լ
翷嶥֮С
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Դ֮һֱӺ˴̸ʲôĿȴһֱϴͣӤϺ棬ʹŸɿݶƺ˲١
ͽΣӽУɫǵûйٹһ󣬺ȻһЦʵ
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ԣһԼԤеʲôһ㡣
ȴ΢ͣ顣
ˣվǰɡֳУ΢΢һЦ˵
ԣһ̧ף¶һЩκľӣ漴ƺʶԼʧæǵ˳
΢΢һĿע֮£Ҳ˳
αԷ粨飬زú㽫дʦ÷˽ҲѾˣȻ⣬챾ΪǶ˵ʦǰǵĻʽˡ΢Ц˵
ȻѾԤУէһ˻ɫ΢΢һ䣬ƺˡ
ԣӸ˼֣΢΢һͣȴʲôҲû˵ƺĬ˴¡
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ָܿ侲תͷ飬üͷ΢΢һת󣬰ԿЦһҲû˵Ļ
ڴʱĿ͵Ŀ˵ʦֶᣬΪѾﵽ˻ڣ龧Ҳָտɴˡ
ӲŸոڣδٵҪ龧Ļ»Ҫһʱġѹº󣬹Ļص
ܺãʦֶΪ˵ãԶϳɣͽи㣬ûҴˡˣŻἴʼҲҪ׼Ļ¾㶩£Ƕһ浤ž˫޴䣬ʽΪ°ɡӶشӣ˽˵
ѿܣôɣİ嶨
˸û˿֮⡣
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Ͼˣ½˵ȷԱСƣֻһӵԶͬʵ
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Ĵ֮ǰһ۵һʱЩӵĻӽ̸š
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̫ʮأ˱ſ޾⣬˵ҲС֮ʶ֮ȴ޼ġ
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̾һͻָ˳̬תڿնҲ˾ͷɳ
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ʱԱߵշƣѾִһһһ˰ɫʯ
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صԼа֮ھͷȻһĴͷӨӨ΢⡣
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񾫵˾ڵģģҲһ죬İСķ˶ꡣ
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ͬʱʯ֮ϵɫľһȥĲ־ָԭ״
ΪΪǿ󣬶ʯ֮ϱ˽ƣؼʱΪֵЩ˺һײҪ޷ˡ
Բϰ֣һ˿ɱһģͳ֮⣬һ̧һֻɫצ
ǧһ֮ʣһȡһŽɵķ˵Ѹ˺飬ǰ֮ȻһתĹĻ
ֳСģתڷӼˣĿ΢΢һļæһ䡣
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ͬʱɫĻѿ˵ɢ
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һԵɫһǰע⵽Ů뵱ձùŷٻƣʮа˾Ųˡ
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ˣЩΪʲôշһҪԼˣȷбһĽᣬʵ̫һЩǿǿ飬Բٷġ
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޷Ҳ߰ɡŮӵһ󣬱ŮתʧȺ֮С

ڽеͬʱѩɽϿȲԶһĴɽϿգһɫݹһɫݹһǰһǰš
ʱʮӰȻһĳǰγһԲĺΧ֮ƣˢˢһ̧֣ųһɫħеһһ߰ɸߵĺɫǽɫݹӲ
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̽һҲãŻʽٿ֮ʱҪԶԸΪˡ
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ǰʱĸ߳ȻȥѲ֮һʣĸɵץʱ̣ȡŸ֮
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·ɫ죬ոյõϢʱ۵ͭ˵ţϽһһ˸ߵľ޴ɫᣬ˵ˣڵӽؾ֮ǰҪ칬дԼ֣һξѪ֮νˡ˳򣬰һŻȡõĳɼΪ׼
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սɫᣬһ¼ɬ󽫽ɫһףָ΢һӲӵķûС
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һ̣һĥ̴Сƾոֶ顱һ㽫һͷǰʯˣֱӻһƬʯ
ͣһϿӿһͳĻֻ˶ĺɫһܶĳʯͷ˹ȥ
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ĿɫһٴγʱӰȴͻȻȻΪһӰԶȥٶ֮죬ֻһξ͵˰⣬ټ󣬾Ӷݵ߾ͷ
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˰նڷӺŮҲƺĬһ֣ͬͣ
ЩܲμŻᣬǸڳɫӣʵ⣬ԻҲһһģ֪ΪżԼȡ档
һºɺڷӺŮӸԲժ˼ö֥
ڱ˴˽䱸Ŀ֮У˺ܿ룬׷תͬɳ뿪ˡ

һɳɳĮ֮Уշֳһˮɫϸɽ÷һһ㣬һͷʮɴСĻڻɫɳ漤š
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𡱵һ˻
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շâһֱһӣˮɫķɽâʢ˲Ǵʮ㽣ĽΰУٻΪһɳɫ缤ֱӳɳĻ֮С
ۡۡ
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ɫڿһ󣬾¶ֳɫ齣շΣֻɫЩ԰ס
Ȼǰһ֮ҲһЩԪ
ŮһУɳ澧˴ʵȡһףϵ֮΢΢һºԭϣ¶һ˿ϲɫһƮȻȥ

һСɽ峺ϪԣһɫŮӣЦˮ棬ϸϸɫ㷢ԵʮֵС
һòصϷӣվڲԶһʯϣ˫۱ǰڱĿ
ھʮɿĲݴУȴ˵ĵʮͷԳޣϢȫޣȻϸ֮£ȫȴƺһҲޡ
֮Ů㽫һͷϷҲĬ˫ۡ
˲δһ䣬ֻǻһۺ󣬱ʮĬڿն𣬳Զȥ

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칤ڵĵӣķһѻɫУȻСı飬ԽԽĿл֮ɫȴԽŨ˼֡
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ͨһʯ˳˲䣬˯ߵһȦȦĵ
Ƭ̺󣬿ƽˮ湾˼촫ͻȻðһݣˮҷӿ𣬽һˮͰ׳ڰצһ̵Ѫɫִӳˮ֮гһצ·Ѱһ㡣
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ڲ֮ǰƬƫƧϿڴһĢ״ݣɢŨ뿴ĸĵ伮Ҳ֪Ϊֻֽ֮պ㡣
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֮󣬻ɫűɴ֮ɢĻҹҲԽˡ
¶һ˿֮ɫ⻯֮Ȼƽ޿ɱȵģͲ֪ؾ֮Ƿ񻹴浤ˡ
ͬһʱ䣬֮ӰͬϿǰš
ҿ֮ǰʦſ໥Ӧλõطңʱǡû̫ԶҲ˿Ļһ𡣲ȻǵʵǼڣɾ鷳ˡһӰһ߷Уһ̾һ
ٺ٣ҲҿʦŻ֮ǰչأȻôֵμŻᡣڵǲҶǰϣɱͨӵ練ƣһٶȣǱЩɱ޲ɼҩ֮ҪĶˣ˳㻹ջЩ֮ơһӰٺһЦЩ˵
ǰֻһһ϶һ䵥֮ˣ˵ɱ޿϶ĲٷûߣҸϽȥպ
ͬʱһЦһ߶ݹ⳯ڵλ÷ȥ
ʱĽʬֽ֮У˵ǻޣ죬ĳټҲ˵ȻΪռݽָռ䣬Ǿʬȥ˵
ʱͻȻüͷһȻһתֻ治ԶУźڹƿնĿȻ֮
˫ĿһУɫĿźڹһ˲Զʯϡ
ڹһ֮ħڷ¶Σһͷɢͷ𹿣һ˫üݻƣ⡣
̫ŵˡһΣɫ΢΢һ䡣
ûϵ˲ʦἰɣҸոռս׽ġĻü꣬Ŀһɨҵĵʹ̯Ѫȴٺһ˵
ţʦ֮ҸܷŹˡԣͬһ۸󣬲ЩȻ¶һ˿
ھȻɱ˶ᱦ飬λЩ̫𣿡˵һ˵һ֮Ϸ¶һ˿ֵı飬Ȼһ䡣
ߣ֪ʲô棬Ȼؾ˶Я˸֮ʱȴֻһЩ£ܹǵġҲֻڣһЩֵҵġȵҵһЩ󣬻һ֮ȻͻЩҲҵġüħԣһ֮Աǵ˵
ʦܣ̫ŵ˶ʲôСӣ֮飬֡ȴͷɫĳȵ
ȻλԼǾͶְɡˣȴЦ
֡
ӴŭһȺ󣬵һǳɫħ
ĻüӣģҲɫһͷһ󣬵ڹХУͬħ
ȴĿȻһ䣬һһŽӲӵķһƮ߿еһţ١ۡһ󣬾ʹ߳һģߺȻһ޶
ˣʧڡ
ħڻüӣͬɫ䡣
ԶŹƽһ䡣
ߣ㲻ΪӵлӼʵȻ·һüɿһתĿ׹ŵ˵֮дַɿ
ҲȻȻҲ죬зӡɿ任ͣ
ۡۡ
ֻڵħӰħڵǰ۶и߸ǰĺȻʮ֮ħ֮ϣһƺɫƣһֻСһȦ֮߰
ʱһΣ㻯һһӰħڵӼȥ
ȥ
Ӻͻüͬʱһ𣬸Գǰһ
ֻ޴ħӰһģ󣬾ʹŵĿֲѹֱͻƽһĶȥ
ʮɵħӰڵֱѹ
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һƽʿһһȭһӲӵľȭӰ˲
ȭӰ֮ϽӲӣɫӰƶצ֮£ȭӰһԵơ
䡱һ춯ؾ졣
ɫȭӰɫħҵһײǸ΢΢һΣ֮Ϊž޴ıѶ⣬ͬʱһȦȦ˷
壬ԽߵľӰȴȻһٵأͬʱͷһΣţɫƸֺһͺ𴫳һţӰȻǰֶ
Ѿõͼ֮
Ӱһһſڣʱһɫ쫷ϯ
顱һ
ľӰ쫷һ֮£һħƾɢ
Ӱ͵һħˮıһھڣ̼ʧһɶ
ˣ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ܣǳ֮չֵĵڶǿɣĿǰܣԷԶԼĶʱܷЧǶַΪԶĻ䷴п֮ܳķˡ
˵ͼ£ڶ޾Ǻ󣬲ܾһ̺ͻƽʩչǴħڵֵ˼
ӰħȴԴԭһ˫ĿŲԶӣһδģ
һߵġڻƺһŤ֮£ͼĳ˻üӽǰ˫һģɫȭӰûһֶȥ


779 ȷ
ü󾪣æһſڣһĹǶܣһεĻΪСǰ
һ̣ĽɫȭӰͱڹǶϣз顱顱
ȻüӲһеƴħעǶУȻƵĽڽںˣ죬ǶϸֳһѺۺ󣬼æ󾪵ã߻ʵʦ֣һ֮
Ƿ֪ʦ𵱳ô뵽ؾģ
һӣԳͼչֵܴһʱһ֮ɨԼʦһۺжʱһһȡһɫС죬ͬŲܲ˵һʱһŨĺڹⷭڸγһĻ֡
ͬʱС֮Ϻڹһ˲пӿȥΪһڹĳì
߸һڳì͡ಡһһһڹֱȥ
Σһߣ򳵻Ӱһ
һͺ֮ſצǰʮɣٴһž޿ڣһ㽫ڳìҧ˿С
žһڳìӲҧأ漴Ϊ˹ħӰ̽˸С
ᣬôܣӼһĻĿɿڴǰ
ʱ顱һ޴ţӰһ֮󣬾еɢ
ͬʱԭվԭصȴɫһȻһɫһڿһȻ⴦һŰɫαһģ󣬾ͻΪһѩһٶ֮죬磬һֹһ
Ӧʱ䶼ûУͱɫ硰䡱һƻħֱӶͷ­
ȻһҲֻ˫ĿԲĻ˼κ󣬽кɫСһףʬӸ߿ֱӵ¡
ţޱԭһ㡣
ɫһֻΪ콣ɾأ˲佫ʬֱٰнʳ˴ƬѪꡣ
ʦ֣üӼΣһŭĴС
ͬʱǰɫǶȴҲ޷ֵɫȭ顱һ˵ɫɢ
һ̣ŽɫȭӰһ
üӵһȻһĳƤȻƬѪһӭ˽ɫȭӰ
ۡۡɫȭӰѪһк󣬾˲ɢ
ʱȴͻȻƿһ죬һֻӲȭͷȻһȭͷͬʱĺɫͷӰ
ǻƽڹǶѵͬʱŤ󣬾Բ˼Ƕȳ󴦣ķ˹
ʵֻɹķ߶ɵڤҲԶͬʿġ
üܣҲˣֻɫһ׵ƴ߶ڝĻ
䡱һ죡
һɫħɢ֮ϱһľ޿ӣӻðѪھ޿֮䣬ѾһϢ
ƽһֱӳڿӱߣһָ⣬һεĽֱӹᴩ˰ͷ­һֽ֮һ顣
̧Ƭ̹ħڵĵӾУȻǷһ롣
ֻϧǣ˲̫࣬һԼ֮Щʧˡ
ƽһգߴҲָһųŻĽкȫһɨա
ʱ䣬ŽԶɫСһУֽС
һкϢΪһڹԶƿնȥˡ
뿪һٷĹһƬڷĺХǰĵطȻһͣ
ڷһ֣һݸɿݵĳª꣬˫ĿǣڻͬħڵӵķΡ
ªһḧһµ棬ָһץڱһ£¶һ˼֮ɫ
׳գѾǧǰնɱ޻ˣȥЩǿߣѰ·
ڼΧĴ򶷺ۼ֮һٴλһƬĺڷһ뿪ˡ
˺İڣؾ֮жתתҵһЩϡĲϺݣҲ˳նɱһЩޣЩˡ
ڴڼ䣬ȴδ̫ŵӣĴŰ˴֮Ҳδһ
ŻؾƺԶлҪ޴󼸷֣Ӱһ·Ѱȥ
ŻԽǽӽؾ򣬱Խģпܷڶ½֮ĸشС
һЩҪ̺֮Ǿ֮ʣҲŻǿĿꡣ
ȻûпؾĴͣĸȥҲһոһյԽԽ
һգͼסϢԽһ߶͵ϿȣдС
̤ϿȽգɵժȡ꺱ݺ⼸겻֪ݡ
˵ЩϼֵҲмʮʯһ꣬ۻĿҲС
Ҳһֱû߷Ͽȵԭ򣬱ϾܺؾһطԪŨ֮ҲǸ׵֮
Ȼû֮أΧҲ󶼻ػޣͨ˵ԽǺػʵԽǿ
˿̣ǰһͷڵķޣȷ
ͨʻҺɫӴ֮ޣһצ쳣ëӲߣһ޷˼ֺ
Ҵʵеû֮ʱͨȺ
Ƕ˵Ԫɽնɱȴ׾٣Ѿͷȷʬ塣
͡
һ΢ĽƿսһĲӰɾնһͷȷͷ­
޴ص˵ϣֱߵ֮һЩɫ塣
һеɽ䵽һͱ֮ϣСĵĴӶ͵ɽڳһЩ㣬ɢһȦȦɫεݡ
ϵӦһǧˡΪĵ˵ͷ㽫սֽ䡣
ȻʱԶһɽ帽һ֮ɽ֮ϣʱĸɵľӰĳһɶȥ
ͷȷĪǻڴ˲ժݣ
˴⣬˫ĿһУһ䡣
΢һ󣬱һһĽ⣬Ϣĸͷ˹ȥ
ȻϣԼ֮⣬ɫ۵ӣСĿһͱϵһ黨
ãǹȷ񣬾ȻֻһİӣŤƳɽͷɫһĴѵ
ʦ֣ô죬޻δ֣ȷˣսǱܣһòƽƽӵԣæʵ
һ΢ֵ꣬ҲصĿӡ
ϵķΣӦ½ĳ֪Сŵĵӣһڣڣʵؾ֮Ҳڵ״ڣֻڵĹȷ񣬻δǶֵӡ
޻ȴһζ粻ɶõϡҩġ
ңңͷӺĿҲ΢΢һ


780 Ө
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ֻȷԭҪˣоĳ콣׷׷һԽһͣڿȻһת˫
ȥ
нһ䣬ɫһ㣬ⶸȻһΪһΪĵɳĽɫ磬ֱֻҺɫȥ
ֻȷƺоΣУԿֻ˫һ£ð˹ĻɫڱǰСպ󣬱ûĴһӡ
ǰѾɱͷȷ񣬶ĶȻأзһ䣬ĵҲŷɢһۻҵĽɫӰ
ţ꣬ꡱͬʱ
ĵɫ۵糸Ĵֻȷж
ֻ޻֮ķһ֮󣬱׷׹˵ϡ
һ̣ĵһ֮£ڰк϶Ϊһ»ΪһɫɽವһɻС
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òԶδöԲߵĻˣſڽࡣ
ӿһ£ֻʬһߣһƻɫЩʬɢеľӨС
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ϾܱĴ̫ѡ߰˰һεŴĵӣɶǿߣСѡӿɱȵġ
е΢꣬ʶĽŲƶ̲סһ
ҪʵǿǼܹԸģҪܣֻѡΪ׻ӻͷ֮һۣæ˵
Ȼ̹Թվԭأ㶯ˡ
Ӽתʱæһǰһһ񣬹˵µزѡ
زţʵμŻᣬΣղСġˣе˵
˵ǣղŻҪлѳֻɱ˹ȷ񣬾ҵӣֱϹϾĹһ
֮ͰˡٺһĿֱߵ֮һɨ
ѣҵֻǳһСţֻͨŻΪŻһЩˣ⡣ҵжȡЩˣҵϾˡ꿴ģɫ䣬æе˵
ԣ΢΢һ̣¶һ˿Цݡ
ЦݣڻУȴǻͷһ㣬˶ʱ亹ֱð
߰ɡڿˡ
ʲô㡭
һ¶˴㵵ɫҲһ
ôҪ𣿡ɫһ
лѡ˲䷴Ӧ˹ﻹ˵
˲Լͬһֺ󣬱ͷҲصĻɫݹƿնȥƺһ㣬תۼ䣬ʧԶС
ԶȥӰȴޱϲֻǴӿһ£ͱϵǶ޻˳ժȡ
˵֮ɢĻҹⰵ֮Ȼûжˣ䵹ҲöӶˡ
Ƭ֮ٴλΪһ⣬ǰɳ۶ȥˡ
˷ḻȻʹ뿪ļУϿȸĴѰ
磬ӽʱŵ滺УȻ˫ü΢΢һͣס˶ݹ⡣
ڸղţеĹЫȻһ仰һϲġ
Ыղ˵Ƭʯ֮£һֺ󣿡˵ţһһɺһΪһͤͤĺɴŮЫ
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ģˣ˴ص׶ʮһַǳĻӨʯĸоҴӦ֮ǽЩӨʯϤڳӦԶѳһСɽġЫһЦͬʱ¶ԾԾԵɫ
ԣдϲ
ӨʯһʵؼӲΪĿʯ۸൱ƣȭͷСһžҪǧʯЫԣǶѻһСɽ𣬿ֵǧ֮ޣֿʯ÷ǳ㷺߽֮иǱز٣˸ǲȥġ
ǿɲ̫õģʲôЩ󾡿ռһת󣬸ɴʵ
Ҫ֪ؾ֮УʱʮֱģҪѴʱڴˣǿɾЩòʧˡ
ˣҽ֮ٿʯν練ơֻЩ֮࣬ҿҪʱܽϵ档ЫȻһЦг˵
Ҫʱ䣿˫üһ
ˣЫȫʩչ֮ĻȫھҲҪʱЫһ£ش
ãȥɣڴֻʱ΢˿˼ķԸ
ЫӦһϺɫξ͵һת㡰ۡһһֻɴСľ޴Ы˫һ棬һģ֮󣬱ʧˡ
ˣһķɵ˲ԶյϣһŽԪ󣬱ϥ
Ƭ֮󣬵ص֮±㴫ɽʯ𶯵ȻǹЫѾʼھӨʯˡ
һӺһƻɫȴĴӵط֮ɢ׷е֮С
Ыʲô飿ɫһͨͨʵ
ˣ»вҺڵɫ׳棬˳ֽˡߴЫЩ
ãСģ߽棬мǲҪӲƴϽ֪ͨҡһЫ
ʿɱޣһֵġ
ˣİɣ
ϢһһҩָһȴȻʶȴɢ
ٹһӺһ¡¡죬֮ѿһ϶һĻɫʯӷ϶֮з˳ͷôСֻкһ㡣
ܴСÿһ龧ʯɢʵĻɫâʯڲɢ˷˿һĽ⣬Ϊÿ
þĻӨʯ˫Ŀ΢ʶӾʯһɨһŨ¶һ˿֮ɫ
һһƬϼɾ󣬱㽫ЫӳĻӨʯȫսֽС
˺ÿһյ蹦һλӨʯһֱʱЫŴӵһת£ٴλΪһɴŮ
ֻǴ˿ĽЩףסôŴȻǷ̫Եʡ
ЫˣϿشкúϢһɡ΢΢һЦ޵
ˣЩӦġЫ΢죬һ𣬵ΪһɻС
ʶһɨֽ֮УƳγεľʯȻͬһСɽһ㣬ռֽķ֮һĿռ䡣
˶ĻӨʯԹҲüֵǧʯˡ
һˣʱá
·֮ʱü΢΢һȻһŤ׵һɽͷȥ
Զɫһƺжݹ֣ڷ򼲳۶


781 Խͺڷ
˲佫ע˫Ŀ֮УĿһϸȥſǵɫݹһɳ
һأ״ũĻɫӰ֮ϡ
ӰĿ󣬵ɫһԷǺԽ
ڽؾǰʱע⵽칤ѡμӵĵ֮һȴû뵽ȻΪؾĵһˡ
ȻϳԽԷ˴˿ȴһأֻƴԦɶݣûϷǰĻˡ
Щƣһ̣бһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
ԽԼԶգɫݹһ֣Լٽ׷ԽԦҪôһֵӡ
üͷһ壬һΣͷ·ȰĶһɽʯ֮ͬʱ𳵻ͼڣϢ
ѣαżߣСûδú֮أһޱȵһɫݹд
ǾЩ죬ͬĿϸɫݹһɨȴЩ
ɫݹе׷ǱˣǺڷӴŮ
û뵽칤֮ˣЩͷ֮һҲ
ȻֻǼ֮һɫݹȻһʢ£ÿһʮɵľ룬󣬾һٵĴɫݹԼ۶Խǰ
ˣһݡ
˴ҵΪ棬ŷٻҲʹƿռ˲ƽ֮߿Щơ
ԽѾӲһĽһͣͬʱָץסһɫԲ飬ĿĿǰˡ
ʮǰ׷֮ãս׷նѣҲˡǰݹһ֮£¶һۣ࿡ĺ꣬ǰԳƴ˺ڷֵ֮ꡣ
αЩڣҪϵĶƾȡǣһǰĽᣬǱʦ֣Ҳڴһ˽ᡣԽһĿºͻȻ͵һ󣬳·һȥ
ߣʦּˣҪֻԲѡڷֺ֮ٺһ˵ͬڹһҲһ׷ȥ
ڷӽЦһͬһģȥ
һԽһ£ĿͬʱɿһɨԿеĺڷӶ˲ܲ
µĺ꣬ˣɫһһ̧֣Ҫ֡
ʱһĺڷȴͻȻ޺޵ĿڵֳСԶֽԽ⵱֮ޣ
ҲãССģΪɲ㡣ԣüͷһ壬κŵͷ촽΢ĳڷӴ˼󣬲һĳɽʯϣֶš
ԽˣЦһδ˵ֻһ̧֣һһնһһŻɵԲʱͬʱʮָɿ
ۡۡ
ƹһ£Բûֻ֮ߵĽɫ׿ܣࡣ
ɫ鲼֮ĽɫƣɢкڵǿϢ
칤ڵĿ֮½ν˲֪˲ͷɫһеļƷ
ڷֳˣ϶ʱһ˿ء
ڷӼˣȴüһһڡһһɫһ֮һкһԼһͷӰͷֶ
Խһδκξٶͷ׿ȴȻǰһϢΪ֮ٴȻһǣԼ뻯Ҳֻһߵӡ
ۿ֮ĴսҪʼˣĺ꣬ȴɫһ䣬Ȼһת˫ĿâĿԶһ޴ʯͬʱбһʲôˣĶ
ڷӺԽԣȻһͬĿһɨ
ﾹȻбˣ
ʯ˲ʮɣ˽룬ǾȻ˿ûвǱк쳣
ǺǣѵĻ֣İɣôɹ֮ˣһЦʯ߳һ۵Ӱ
Ǻˡţ̫ŵӣ΢΢һ䣬Ŀһɨ󣬵ϵķΡ
ڷȴڿݺ΢΢һ㶺֮ʧڡ
ԭ֣̫ˣԽһϳȴϲ
˵칤̫ŵĹϵʵԽǰҲĿùȻʮûҲѷɫ̫ġ
һԶ֮£ʹпܱסϵˡ
֣ҵȷԵڴ˵ضټ档ˣҲԽ˹֣΢Ц˵
ںڷҧгݵʱֳȴĿѩ´һ󣬲ŻĿˣԭ̫ŵħĵӣϹħżشãһʰˣ
ˣһת
պڷӼħΪħйشȻȥʲôֻǱԵһЦ
ħ޶֣Խȴ¶һ˿ɫδ˵ʲôֻѾһͺȣ˫֮Ϲӿֱ˲䱩ڰϸĺɫֱ۱ͣ
ţ˫һɫһ֮һֻʮɴСצӰɼһģ󣬾ʹһɿֲѹĳһץ¡
ǰӽϼʹ˹֪֮ޣ칤ڵһ֮±㱻˵ģҵļæڤϷ˵ĺͬ˫һһ컢Хĺɫ޴ͷӰ˲۶
ڹһֻͷӰ̼Ϊһ壬ٴαǵһȦӷʵ壬һϼ
䡱һ죡
УɫͷӰצʱײһ
Ǻڝɫצͨһ˵а֮УͷӰϢȴޱȣ·̺ĪУԼɢһ֮
ӰһҼѹײ֮󣬾ͬʱıѶһȦȦɫ˵Ϊ쫷˷
ֻһһɷþ£ŵšĵʮԶȥסΡ
ĺ꣬ɫһͬһεȥֻǷɳԶȥһȻһԺɫ޳Ӱݺº󣬲ǿͣ
һȻǿռһ˿Ϸ硣
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һЩŤٿĿ⣬Լ¶һ˿˷֮ɫ
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˫Ŀ֮оһͻӶһǰצڵĳɫһȥ
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굹Ҳɴ䣬䣬̳ԶĺڷʹһɫڹһΪһŹڿնˡ
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ܺȣҲᱻ׷ĴӴˡ˵ؾΣķ֮ϣֿ֪ɷͬУ֣Ա鷳Խһԥ֮󣬵һеĽֻ˺˵˵
⡭һЩԥ
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Ǵ̡֮֮ǰ·ɱһֻٵ֮ҵƬĽˣҲΪ˴Ŷҽ׷ġҲ֪ĹֻҪ˿ƬһܴؾҪ֮ءƬҲѾҵϣһ֮ʱ̴ú󣬾ͿԹͬ봫֮ءԽɿĽ͵
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ţǺεݣ칬ϼһ͵ϮǿѹؾУȡҵȾѪάִؾһ뿪˽󣬶ĸˣƿ˽磬˽ȫɱɸɾйͷֻޣԴɳƣʮƽ˵ȴ֮
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ˣݵĻǵ뿪˵ɡΪμƻǿѾı֮ã޷ֵĻ칬ǰһҲκλˣΪһҾõЩ϶еʱ򣬲ҵȡŮ˵
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һͨɫɽУһʮ׳ɫɿɽдÿһ嶼צӻɽʯ죬ٶȿһɫӰ

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һ̣ͷȻȼڳɫ棬׷װڵϷʱ㽫һЩľԼΪһѶѺڻҡ
ٸˣ¶һ˿֮ɫһ䣬һ׹һһе⼲۶ȥ

һƬïĲԭϿգһ޴ַɳХ
ɳȫ¶ƺǴ죬鲼ɫľƣʽĿޱȣȴֲ԰
ɳģǰƥӲӵĿܷ̤֮Уȴʵذĵõ졣
ɳ֮ϣһӣüĿɷ˫Ŀȴڲͣ·ɨӡ
Ȼһƥܷһ˻󣬾ͬʱһյͣ
ֻ·Ĳԭ֮ϣľۼϰͷɫ
ÿһͷԼͽںҺڵʵͷԺȺǣҺڵʵ
ЩмһСƬɫĴΪģȦηֲƺڿʲôһ㡣
Ũҩ㣡˫Ŀ΢΢𣬱⶯˼£һ˿֮ɫ˵
·ȺʱҲȻע⵽ͣǰķɳڼͷͷǵĴ£볯зһǺƺڷ档
˫Ŀһһ˿âһЦ£һӣʮȭͷСɫԲһ
˸䣬Բ׷ըѿ̼仯Ϊʮͷִָͭʿһ㣬һ󡰺¡¡Уص˲ԭϡ
ٻɫ£ʱȳһغˡ
ЩɱעƻмĴ֡΢΢һЦķ
ʮͷͭʿʱ˫Ŀâһ̤ųصĽŲоȭ裬ʱȺС
ɫȺˣڼͷĴ£һ߰ĺУʼЩͭʿһַĹȻǵĹײϽʯ˻һ㣬̱㱻׷׵ɣˡ
һĻ·ʮɫʯ˻ɫһ㣬˻


786 ֮
ʮͷͭʿޱȣʵһ֮ңȭһ趯£ֻѪ
˲ʱ䣬ϰֻȫɱգۼѪɺӣһƬ֫ϱۣɢһ̱ǵѪζ
ӲŲæĴӷɳ֮һ£صѪʬƺУһһ߽ȺػСƬ֮С
ʮͷͭʿ˿̣ȴԴγ˰Χػ֮ƣԭһ
վڴǰһӣֱ㱻һֿ֮¶һͨ
Ӽˣ˵̧˽ȥ
һյ蹤󣬵ٳʱüȻôһ˿ϲɫжһںɫݣÿҶƬֳ׵㣬ɢ̹ǵĺ
Ȼǧĺײݣûаæһϲһ㽫һն
ûãһڵУɫɳٴ̣ǰȥ

ĳǧɸߵľ޴ɽ֮ϣ嶥һŲ뱻İɫС
ɫУȻһ̶˻һҵķγһһľ޴
ھĶˣһ޴ںڳѨУѨ֮Уһͷͨѩ׵ľ޴ʬУһҲȻѿһ󶴣Ѫͣƺձɱõӡ
ѨһߴһͷϷʨǵӣ壬ڳѨ֮ʲô
ͻȻ顱һݵʬ屻ץȥܵİɫһ󷭹
ӻֱȴ˷ܵɫϺȻһϾɵ̲Ƭ
Ȼûв´ͷѨҲûȻһƬƬϷϲɫ˵һ̲Ƭϡ
֮һ󣬶ʱֳһƬɫϼ֮ͶӰһͼһɫѡ
Ϸĵ˵ͷһն󣬵ַһһǹסԼ壬˲뿪Ѩƿնȥ

һľɽУһݹɳ۶âһ£Ϊ˱ŮӰ
û뵽ôʱ䣬ǱӦѾҵ˰ɣҲҪץˡŮü΢¶صɫ
һ£ŮٴλΪһݹ⣬ɽ֮ȥˡ
ɽʮͷ޴ĲԳʬ˵һء
ÿһʬϣط˿ëңΨؿڴȫһ޴ѪտҲ

Խһ߸·һռ;ŵر˵Ĳʵһ·û˿ΣգջҲǼࡣ
ԽҲΪ̸һŻǻŵһȡϢȻֻ̫಻٣һЩ漰Ż֮⣬Ҳûʲô
һʱһζ˰̲ƬϵָһƬ޴ǰ
ȥ˺Բǧ֮㣬߼ʣˮˮʷǳĻǣ·ɳһ㣬ɢһɵĹζ
һ߶ºƻ˺֮ϣһУһˮڱϸᣬپһ̱ǵζıӡ
˫ü΢֮ʱµˮͻȻһҷһˮĽһںľ޴ͷ͵شˮð˳ѪвһָСɭɭĿ¶׹ҧСȡ
˴ĺˮƺЩִ֣֪ǰ֪˴Ҳû£ָһɫȻһһֱӻ˹ĹԴһȴ˲Զĺס
һ̣ԭֹˮĻǺ棬ʱը˹һ㣬˲
ϢͷģĴʬ壬Ư˺ϣŲƮҡֹ
ϸʬԼûһɫᣬΪĹŹ֡
ھƺûпἰ˺ԽͷĹһۣ¶˼֮ɫԵ
Խ˵꣬ͻȻȡ̲ƬĿһɨ£ּ˵̵ͼʾ֮ӦþƬҲӦòԶˣǲǰΣ
Ҳãץ·ɡüͷһ壬ϵ˵ͷ
˵һ߶ݹ⣬ǰɳ۶ȥ
һ·ϣʮɸߴУδʲôԺеĹ
СպһӴĵȻ˵ҰΧڡ
˵ԲϰϵһƬƬ̷ʢ֣ԶܸܵŨ
֣ˣͼʾĴ֮أӦþ⵺ϣԽһϲ˵ţһ¶ݹ⣬ٶȲӿ˼֡
Ȼš
˰ϵĹָʾŵĴһ·ȥ
ûãһ޴ذɽȳǰȶ˷ɽ֮ȴһƬһݲģ
ʱɽһƬտ֮ϣϡϡľۼʮˡ
ĿԶԶһɨ£㷢ЩУһ붼Ĵ̫ڣ˴ҵĵӣһмϤ׼С
ǰй֮ԵŷٻþվڲԶȰ۵ĵӣһӥ׶һȴǵõѦ̡
֮⣬Ƚ۵ģһȻԺٸһɰƥɫܷŵɫɳϵӣӦ칤ڵӡ
һЩˣϲ
Ŀһת󣬾ԼΧ£סһʮɸߴʯ̨ҰɫܹһϸСݺύĽɫƣʮֵء
ʯ̨֮ϣһɴСķɼĴа˸ƴСİۣС봫Ƭ£Ѿеѡ
ٴλһܣȴڳ֮ˣŷŷٻӣȻԺٸѦ̣һ϶ֵĽɫ⡣
ԽеƬ֪ʱҲиֳһɫԡ
ﻹ᲻ףڳǰѾ鴫ƬڵȺƬ֮˵ĵ
ƿ֮ɽȸҲ׷׿˹
󲿷˵߶Խ֮һʱ죬¶ϲȴ΢΢üȴϲ
һŷٻ΢΢һ漴ƺʲôһ㣬ֺȻһЦƿĿ⡣
ѦƺҲϳ۾оһֳһ˿˷֮ɫ
˾Ŀ֮£˸ʯ̨һյϣԽǱȺһƳ֮󣬺Ȼߵɫɳǰ
Сʦ塣Խֱȭһ
ԭʦֶҲõһ鴫ƬǻԵСϵһԽȴüЦ˵
Ҳû뵽ʦ徹ȻҲڴ˵ءҪ;̫ŵѣʦֶҲ߲ġԽԣЦһĻص


787 
Ŷԭ̫ŵĵˡԣǱһۣĵͷ
ԽȻʦ壬ȻͬΪ죬Ȼҵæֻ
Խֵ˵˼仰ٴιһ£תɻԣϥȴ
ڴʱһȴĶߣʮδַɸʤ
תͷȥֻԶŷٻȻһЦ˵
ԭŷ΢΢һЦųʶһɨɫ
ŮΪҲѾ˻ڡ
ȻҲǻڣԼ֪Լ£ҩݲᴿ֮ܽ졣
̫һЩʱͬĵӣɳͨˣڻǻš
ŮҪôţҪôЩŷԴ˴Ǯ
ձùһû뵽ңѦŻٴξۼһ𡣡ŷٻһЦԴһ˿Ц
ٺ٣ĳȷδ뵽ڴλټġѦŷﶼ̳ˣͲǴոˡǷģɨһߵѦһۡ
ϵķлΪ羪ˣȻĳ⹦
ձùУԽӰ׷ɱʱֶβӦ磬ΪǿҲԶʿɱȵģʵȻҲͬ췭ظˡ
ѦԵӥӣƺӦĿ⣬ͬתһۣ˫ĿϬ쳣Ȼһʹĸо
΢΢һæջĿ⡣
ӥʵƺǴһ㡣
˵ͲЩˣʵСŮӵڱùоѾ̹ˡŷٻһת΢˵
˵֮ʣԶߺȻһƿһ۵糸㳯ɽڼ
ͬʱмʯ̨ģ߸֮֡
˼״Զһϲ
ȴüͷ΢΢һݹƺЩϤ
⼸ǰյϣһʮֳӰһ̫ŷΣɡ
Ҳץһ̲ƬŵĽɫΣ
ɿĴľ޴ʯ̨Ҳ¶־ϲɫ漴ֳڳĿһɨ
㣡ӣοӣ
ѦӥʱͻȻ˫ֱĴһâʢһȭ
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ڣ֮Χ֮һҲ֮˼ˣһݡ
վڸСɵӣǴ󾪵Ļæ㿪
Ѧԭزû˿ܾٶֻɫӰ
һߵӥȴһһһһɶһС漴һת󣬴ƬɫâӾ漤ûӭϡ
䡱һɫӰâϼĵĲѣڿ裬ȴһʱ޷¡
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ƺɫҲΪɵ붼˲䵹ʮ⣬ųϴסΣŭɫʤ˫һ񣬱Ҫٶȳ֡
λʲô¹ܲţؾĴ֮ڣλҪֻƲĵطɡһ칤ڵüͷһ壬ͻȻʯ̨֮ǰİƥɫܷһȦȦĽ⣬ನ
ԣһɣŭɫԺ޺޵Ķӥӣһʱ׼ӡ
ӥһץסٺһƺɵĹδС
ڴ˿̣һһߵɽ֮
ԭ߿ƬѾˣʱ䵹Ҳá
䣬ɽȶк¡һ죬һɫ֣Ƭ̼ʹһɿʯ̨ϿգһյȻһ£֮УԼһĸߴϷӡ
ˣ۽΢΢鴤һ¡
ϷʨӣǵŻῪʼǰıߵ֮һֻǲһŮӰ
ͬʱʯ̨ĵڰ˸֮У΢Ҳ֮ƺӦʲôһлת𣬰˸нʢܹյϸСɫƣҲ֮һ
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һ̣һӿУʯ̨תʹɽеĿܵ𶯣Ҳһ˵
˾һĻԭϷͻȻִˣʱעȫ˹ȥȫʯ̨֮ϡ
ܺã֮ҪˡŷٻԵŮӣһ䡣
ԭһԹԱĿٸҲ˫Ŀ΢¶һ˿ײЦݡ
˼ΣĿҲ׷¶˻֮ɫ
λѣ֮ؾҪˣڶֻǵòʧġλлⲻ˵ĶԹȴлô˺󣬳ٽˡԽĿʯ̨ջغٿ˿ɺӥӸһۺ󣬺Ȼǰ˵
һбŰ֮ɫڽȥ׵΢΢ͷ
ӥЦ˼Ҳϵ
ֵ֮ҪҪʱ̣ȷʵʱ
û뵽ҲܺãﲻúһˡĿһתҲԽĿһ˿֮ɫ
Ҳû뵽ʦҲõһƬɫĳ买֣Ǵ˸к
̫йϵãЩж֮У˿ȻؾУȻҲ̸ʲôġ
֮ǰ˳͵Ϯͬбŵɱȡϵˡĳԭ׷ɱˣΪͬűȴƻѡ뿪ؾ֮һϱţΪŵӣӦ֪ôġƳһۣ촽΢Ĵϵһһ󣬱˲Զһϡ
˫ĿһУҲٴɨӥӼ
ȻлΪʵȴ֮
䲻֪ɱͬŵӵʵΣӵвμŻҲȥ֮Ҳвӥӣһٻɱˣ˱ǰԼĻҪǿ٣Сһˡ
ɿת˼š
ƺӦ˴˴Ƭ̹䣬߰˵ɫĶݹ⳯ɽƿնһ˸
һɽеʯ̨ΧѾȺΧһȦнʮ֮࣬Խ˾ˣʮ˵ҪȥԶˡ


788 峡
ߣŴЩʵ֮˿ģЩƽӹ֮ƬûУڴ˻ˮ㣬ʶľϹϷڿʯ̨ȺʱͻȻĵͺȵ
󣬵֪Ƿӳĳֻ仰쳣̶֮һĴʹд
Ĵ̫ڰ˴֮ˣһ˿ɫͻָ糣Щɵĵӣȴʱ¶ʹ֮ɫһʵСľʹ˵أڵϷѣѪֱһǳʹӡ
ؾ֮еĴУΪҵȲܼ̳УǼ΢һЩҵ˿еƬѡһ⣬Ƥĸߴ׳ҡҡЩѣεԴ󣬵˵
ǡһüۣİСҲǵš
Ϸԣɫһâһϵֳһɫơ
һ̣ӰһӾһĳ˸ߴ׳󣬵ֳǰһ͡
ߴ׳δӦ˺£͡顱һɢؿһһѪ֣أѵ㱻һͶ
ߴ׳͵Ϳ˼£ȴʲôҲȻˡ
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䣬Ϸӵһһһߴ׳ʬ飬һƻӵӿеľӨС
ü۵İ龰ɫ䣬һתһɫݹ⣬
ϷӶԴ˲δǣֻЦһһεĳ˾ѦǰֱһһֱΧһ֮Ȼһͷ­СʵʵɫȭӰ
ѦɫһҪ֣ǰȴӰһΣӥӵǰ
ֻ˫ǰһ棬ɫֱ֮͸һ֮£һɫĻǰ
䡱һ죡
ɫȭӰһɫĻȻѣϹɢɫĻȴֻ΢΢һ󣬱ָˡ
ϷӼˣ˿ͣûУһģֹȰĳ˲Զһǰͬһȭ㵷
ϷӵĶδ壬ͱصĻɳȥһĿյϣؿһ˶Ѫ౬ĭѪ˿ڴͣð
ҽҲδʱûϢ
Ϸײеɱ֣ڳʵɫ׷״䣬ﻹ˿ͣһǱͻתۼ߰˸ˡ
ϷԹЦݣȴ׷Щ֮ˣָֻһһ缤飬˰֮󣬲ٴһģ˺ȻԺٸǰ
ٸϷǰײоٶδǰ֮΢΢һЦԼɫ
ϷӼˣȴɫ΢䣬һԥ֮󣬾Ȼûгֹεһת֪ôһڵĴüǰһȭ
ü׼кڹһ£һɫƣʵʵĵǰ
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ʱϷڴЦУ칤ڵǰ
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ǰһɵԲѱǵɴСԲ֮ϸֳһɫĸеĺٲȻмƵӡ
䡱һ죡
һƬϹɫȭӰһӽɫԲ֮ʱľ֮һƻɫ㱻ɢ
һҲԲĸֳһȭͷӡǣûѿ
ܲס˴˳ȥʮɺ󣬲ǿվΣſ³һСѪɫֵĿϷӡ
Ϸ̧ͷһ۴ˣδٳ֣˵һʧ
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ϷȴЦһ˷̧һӣƬɫϼһͬһ㽫ͷӰУ˲ѹɢ
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ŷٻŮͬʱ߳һֻһ̧һһƬϼһסȭӰ
һ󣬾޴ȭӰͶϼֱŮ
ŷٻһ䣬ǰȴһѩâһš
ڵɫȭӰ˲䱻һնΪѸƮɢ
ϷӼˣٺһĿһתϡ
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Ϸ˵꣬ĿоâһʢϺȻִһЩͬʱһž촫һֱ۱һأһ̧Ҫָһֵĳһץȥ
ˣ΢΢һЦδκξٶȴһһɫһɶӭһΣΪ߰ɴĽӰֱӳϷһȥ
ϷֻǰһһǿƺƵһѹ޴Ӱδն£ɭȻ溮һ
ϷɫһݣץȻһգһŤһģԶ֮ܿ˴˻
䡱һ
ɫӰɢϷԭվ֮һʮɳ֡
֮˿ˣȫɫ΢䡣
ҪռλϢˡϷӼˣȴŭϲһЦ֮Խǰһɶȥ
Խϰ̾˿һ䣬һһƣһȻֳһļ¡


789 ͨ
±鲼ƣһЩҪһЩ̣ͬʱԡһ죬ֱ۴ֵĳԲͲȻڼͷֶ⾹һսס
Ϸӷһ˾˫Ŀ΢΢һС
ۡۡԲͲһûȭӰϣͬʱһ
䡱һɫȭӰԽϣԽ̽һ
ٺ٣칤Ķǲͬ죡ܺãڳĸλʸ봫֮ˣȥ֮󣬿ɾԸˣ
ϷӲټֹԽһεĻصԼԭվ֮ٺһ˵ִȡһɵĴƬ
ԣĿִһɨڳʣʮһ˶ѣԼ⣬ԽѦ̣ӥӣŷã칤꣬ȻԺٸɣϷӣһǰʹһԲ̣ǿϷһĻˡ
ԽȶˣŷǶ˹һ鴫Ƭ⣬еâ˸ȻиһƬ
ΪĳΪǵļһѾǵ˺ܶʱ䣬Ͻ⴫֮ذɡȴĿϷһۡ
䣬һ̧֣һöɵƬ㡰ಡһȵʯ̨ķĳ֮С
ϷֻһЦͬһӣһöƬһɶǶһ֮С
׼һһ׳Ƭ׼ʯ̨ϷʱȻԶպһ죬һɺڹʮֵľˡ
ŷٻ˼ˣɵüͷһ塣
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źڷһһ󣬾ͻûһСǣªħڵ
˴֮Ѿˣ¼ȻûдƬǸϽ뿪ĺáϷӵ˵һ䡣
ħڵȻʵµȻûϣ˷һˡ
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˴󾪣ֻһæ׳һԲ̣㱻ͻȻĺڷһ֮£û˽ȥ
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һҽкһ߻޹ǰʬӺڷһ׶ɽ׹ȥ
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ڷһٴ¶ħڳªӵΣֻУһӲӵĴƬͬʱһɫɿϵ֮С
ڣʸ˰ɡ
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ڳ֮˼ħڵӾͶ䣬㽫һڵʿɱҲɫˡ
Ϸһ˿âһ̾ͻָ糣˵¼Ȼõ˴ƬȻûʲôˡ
ˣʱѾ˷ѲˣλĥʲôЩְɡżʹܽ봫֮أҲҪܲ㿼飬ܵõĺôŷٻ˶ĬʱȻ˵һ̧֣һӲӵƬӳз
Խ˼ˣҲ½Ƭ׳׼Ƕ˷ڵİС
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һĺУ޴ʯ̨³ȥȳû֮󣬾޴ȻһŽ⣬ʯ̨󷽵һƬʯϡ
ʯڱ浱һⷺ𣬺
ԼĪյĹɢɽҲֹͣҡ
һɽȻһɳߵĿӣһͨ޵ԨĴţһƬʶ޷ֺ̽ӡ
ˣؾѾˣ߰ɡϷӹһЦ׵һԾһӰһ롣
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Խһ붴֮ɽȺȻٴѿ֮Ҳϣ̼һбָˡ
ͬʱѾһʯͨУڹرգȫ޶ãֻǸһ·ȥһߴܻ
˵֮ͨܲվ˹ͬǰУ֮ͨкһƬʶƺҲɶѣܽ˵صĶǼᶨ֮ˣʶҲû˿˵ֻǸСǰš
ڴխ֮ͨУ˳϶͵ϮǷʤʶһ֮䶼ɵľ룬ǰ֮ˡ
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˵ʯǰ׷£´ͣ
ʯ֮߰ߣպϣʮɫתԼɢһϢ
˫ĿһУעУȴָ޷͸ʯŷֺٷʶһɨͬûжЧãȻϱĳĽơ
Դˣ̫֣ҪǰʯûнƸӣЩ쳣ˡ
Ϸӿʯź΢΢һ£ƺ¶һ˿Цһһξһӿ
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ܰкҲ漴˫һŵصĶʯš
һ̤ʯţֻǰһڣһ󷭹󣬱ǰһ£һƬɵĿռУ̫Զȥ
Ϸӣħڳª꣬ӥӵˣվڸԶͬڴܲͣ
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ĳ֣ܵĻɫҷŷɿɢ
̧ȥֻɫɢ֮Χɫʱһ࣬һƬĺɫƽء
Ǵ֮أƺʲôûа˶¶ɻ֮ɫʱ֪˭˵һ䡣
䣬ֻһǡǰ洫
һ˾ĿУһаɸߣͨӯ׵Ͼ赴ӵȽȽ
Ͼһ棬ͣһֱʮɴȻֹ
һ׹һ£ֳ׹ɵԲͨÿһɴСƺͬʱĸ˵ӡ
˼Σɫһ粻


790 ѡ
ȥ
һͨϷһɫ̫ǣͨһȺҫͣʱͨıԵ罦ɹ๾ĳҽһ֪쳣
ڶͨϷ̻һ£ͨڲ¹⣬ɫɢȻ庮ģ͸ϢȴʮͣҪȵһͨ罦ĳҪºࡣ
ڵͨϷ׺ŵ買ǣͨҲǻڣɫӫ𲻶Ե쳣ء
ԶԶȥͨͨ˲֪δҲ֪ǳ
ڣ˼ѡ𣿡ϷĿоһٺһ˵
Ҳ¶˼ɫһʱ侹û˽ӻ
ϷӼˣҲ֣ԹͨɨӲͣ
ҲĿϾϵͨɨţƺҪпһЩߡ
ղţѾųʶһ֮ͨɨȥոսһǿҵų֮Ȼӿ˳һӽʶ
ͨҲͬˡ
޷ʶ֪֪̽浽ʲôԽȻ߽˼˵
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ϷԣͻȻȻһЦһֱϾ֮ǰ
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ЦЦĵͷٹһЦһҲ뵽ͨС
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ڽǹͨΧʱֻʣһƬĿǹ⣬Ҷǣ˷·վǿ֮һ㡣
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ϧҲĳʶƣϸ̽һˡ
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Ϊǣˮ̶Լɼĵ㷱ǣͬͷɢһ㣬Ͷ羵ɫ̶ϡ


791 ǺɳҺ
ϸ֮£ܷˮһ߲ݺύһķʽ໥һγһķС
ǳϵתһ޴ɫͼʼǹл֣׺ᣬʮֵĻֺ׳
ͼŷٻˮ̶еһǳ仯澰󣬲ʧڡ
ԵŮҲһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
ޣǴϹ󣡡ԽԼȻҲĴ
ȴһãȻδ󷨵ӡ
˵֮оֻǵΪ˽һЩˡ
ʱɫˮ̶ϷͻȻһƾոһɫޣǳ仯ΪΣΪΪ󷨱仯ߣɽһأһ֮˿ɶýǺɳһ
ĸ˺ʱ
Ǻɳһ½ϣϹʱĹżἰֲ֮ϲǺ֮УƷϵȵĲ֮һ
ؾȻһ㽱ҲǷͬСɵģ
ɫСһţһɣʶȻѾˡ
˶ʱ־ϲҲæ׷ˮ̶һԣ̿ʼŲ޵ǧ仯

ͬһʱ䣬̫ͼĽӲԲͨͷ
ϷӰȻͦһߴΡĻƽһУȻεض𣬻ǰ
ΡͨƣԽʮɣʮɣر͵ĽȴԵʮׯ£ƻֺ֮꣬Ȼգ˵ĸоȫһѹȵ״̬
ಡһһɫŨһӰɳ۶
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顱һһźӰ£ֳһСǵ꣬ħڵĳªӡ
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ܺãӣֻˣ
ϷӿһЦμǰȥ˽֮С
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Ϸ´һܣĿ˴һǽ֮ϡ
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½ƿ֮ɺħڵĳªҲ룬ηһ䶨ĿһתҲ䵽ǽ֮ϡ
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ϷӺһ漴쳣
һԵĳª꣬Ҳһ˿̰֮ɫ
Ҫֻ֪֮֮޳˽ղ֮ĵõɮ֮ŻпγһŽԵʶԪͨʿҲó٣ϲ˴Է٣ʶϡг̶ȱɼһˡ
˵֮˵õŵر̷֮󣬱ܵõղЩܣԿһ˿֮Щʿ˵ǿ
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ţô˵Ҳȷмֵġ
üͷһ壬ɫ粻ı仯κںһ󣬻ϵơ
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ϷӼˣҲٶ˵ʲôֱӻеĻƽǰϥһɫ֮ϣ۾һգգĶǽڡ
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һʱ䣬տĻƽԼžֻȻרעڲطȴʱ̷ֳһ˼䱸ԷԵΪ졣

һɫ¹ԲͨͷӥӣѦ̣칤ڵԼȻԺٸˣվһɫű֮ǰ
ֻžડһ촫ɫűĴŻ򿪣¶һͨƺָ˽롣
ӥɫһѦһǰһȷ뱤У칤ڵͺȻԺٸҲδ̷ͣС
ű֮еŵɫ˷һ̤УҰܵ˼ƣֻܿǰɾ룬ʶҲ޷
СģƺйŹ֡ӥͻȻһסѦ̣˵
ٸԣҲͬʱͣ˽Ų䱸
ͻȻһӣһ磬ɫһҷ󣬺ָܿƽǿû֮УϢˡ
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¶ɻ֮ɫʱͻȻһɫСлֳƴ˻ߣɼǰУ뿪֮ˣɶõһƿ߲Һ
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Ŀоâһһ䣬΢΢ҡҡͷ칤ڵĵλҲδ˵
ӥѦ촽΢ƺ໥۵ӣȻԺٸҲüͷҲ֪Һ
κɫСֻɢ˵âеɫ֮С
˻һۣȴ
ڴ֮˶ԴڵľӢӣȻ֪ȻѲǰˡ
ɫСɢȥûãǰȴȻŨֻԼΧһƺͻȻʧˡ
ӥĿ˸ĿԼ֣ոֻѦ̣˿̣ȴʲôҲûˡ
ӥһ󣬱ϥ


792 ͨ
ʱ󣬵ӳǹصɫˮԱߡ
̶ˮеĲ󷨲֪ʱѾ˱仯һŻɫ֣ˮ֮һǹ⣬ˮ̶Եӳ׹һ㣬һɲĹо
ϥ˫ȴĶŲת仯ǹ⣬һһӡ
ͻȻһͲŵһɫķɽͷ
нһɽȻһâһɫһ㣬˲޵֮Уĳֹĺۼѡ
ǹշɽĻ˷˸ѡ
˫ĿʶӦУһɵɫͼĸֶ
¶һ˿ϲɫշɽǴ֮ҵ˲󷨵ڡ
ԶԽɫҲһ԰ױ仯۾ˮϲתǳ´һ˿ϸڡ
ȻҪǳеٶȣǳľ룬ǹȣвܳǳеĹ켣
ֻԽ˫ַɣһǰɫ̶ϣڸܵǳ켣ʵɫӰʼǰ̶ϻ֡
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ŷٻһԲ״һַòѣԲ֮һɫǹ֮УȻֻһ֮£ʧӰˡ
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һԵŮֳһ֧ɫʣ¶֮ɫʱʱƾ趯£ƺһʶӦһڹʲô
ŷٻͻȻԲһնַȡһɫԲ飬дʣһ£ɫԲȻһ֮С
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ŷúԽȻѣ׷̧ȥжʱǲ˼֮ɫ
ȴϲ֮ɫнһһӡһˮ̶֮УɫˮһסΣˮ̶
һ̣ˮһɫһߣӰʧӰ١
Խŷüˣˡ
ֻռһҲӳĿɫϼ⽥ɢȥǰɫһ䣬һʯ֮С

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ƽ֮󣬱㿪ʼǰʯ
ʯͨңȫɫʯڣʮֻҰȫһõ״̬ûдֻһͰʯͨ档
Ŀȥʯһɫʯ̨һ۵Ļɫ
ɫһһһɺס˻ɫһɶ
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һоɳ󣬱㽫ǺɳСֽУǿѹסͷϲ֮飬ĿһɨͻȻֱһָһ
ಡһɫһȫɫʯϡ
󣬽ȫһɢɫʯȴֻ¼ǳǳĽۡ
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ЩȻʯ֮ϸһ飬ȷûκε©֮󣬲ŻߵͰʯǰСĵƿʯź󣬱㳯˳ȥ
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ڷŵʱڣֽĲ···һȷ˴ȻһԹ
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˼һ󣬵ֽһһдʣһĽӲСüĴֶ
һָɫСշⲻҫγһԼɵĽ⡣

һͺУɫһնһɫʯϣһƬǡ
ɢǽֻնһָĽۣʯڱһתָֻˡ
ΣЩѿˣ
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Ȼ˶ǽϵѾԼһ
ɣüͷͷ϶ĺ䲻ֹڲʱһž죬ȫŵѪѿһ㡣
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ϧȴ浤ʿ򼫿ǿȲֱӱˡ
ȻʵԶͬϾֻлڣҪǶ»ûʸ
һߵ죬Ҳȫ壬ȫʹ£ǼѾͨ˴룬Ŀǰֻͻһ֮ɴ󹦸ˡ
뵽ǿŽвһ˿֮⡣
ڴʱмϷͻȻ˫ĿԲ漴ĽɫȻ˵ɫһҫɢ
ԶԶȥϷͬԡһƬڽ֮С
֮ϵĽɫӣȻ춯𣬲֮
ħڳª󣬼ͬʱ˫ۣ־ŭһͬȥ


793 
ֻϷӽ²֪ʱһɫĽɫҲһڿ𣬲֮âУͬһɫǶתɢһȦȦɫˡ
֮һööɫƾոֶ
ɺͳªˣɫѿ֮ﻹ᲻ףϷѾһ˱ϵķˡ
ĳţȥȡǷرˣλڴɣЦ֮УϷڷнģһӰ١

ɫű֮У޾ԾţֻǱʱǰԽŨˣγ˵۵ľ״ԼһЩɫľӨģɹͼѶԵء
ӥӣѦ̣ٸ֮꣬У˫Ŀһ˿룬ϱȴʮľȻȻ˻֮С
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ͬһʱ䣬֮ڵȻ֪Լ֪ΪԼȡǴǺɳ󣬸źԼ˶ˡ
ͨǻĥ߳ǰԹ
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Ҫ߳Թ治Ƕʱ顣



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˼֮󣬺¶һ˿Цݣվȡһźڹɵķһ֮ϡ
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ŶЫʲôð취ԣ˫Ŀһ
ˣӵжĲٿ֮ȻǵзԶƽҪĶ࣬һ㣬ҵڵġЫǰڴУ޷ַӴʵġЫЦ˵
ȻţǾȹһ԰ɡһ󣬱˵ͷһ䣬һɫһǰһԳһȵĺɴŮ
ˣԵƬ̡
ŮȻһЦ󣬵ϥ£˫Ŀһգд
Ƭ֮Ů¶һ㵭ɫ棬Уƽ޲Եüʮѱº͡
ڻɫֵһ˲䣬˫üһ
оƺ۵ĻɫУһȦȦԷɢ
κЫ͵˫ϵĵɫǰһȻһֻɫĹЫӰ֮ߣͨĶ
һ˿ɫ仹ǵһοЫʩչͨһ£һκ󣬾͵Ӱǰָһȥ
һָ׵ûӰУκʵԽӴָ⴦ȴоһɵů
Ы۳ɫЫӰȴֳһ˿ƣ֮ɫмֳģ
ˣ붼Ľָأһȴһ֣һɾķעŮڡ
õЫɫÿһ֣һü֮˫ͫжʱɵľʢ
޴ЫӰ·յָһ㣬ಡһ붯ǰ·һȥ


797 
һ̣һ鷢ˣ
ֻЫڳ嵽·ڵ˲䣬ȻģķֻֻһģһӰС֮ǰ֮һͬ·ȥһ·һֻļǰ塣
һ־ֻûãЫӰȫûԶͨӰ
ԭˣ
ЩȻ¶һ˿Цݡ
ʱЫĿԲҲգעǰһĶԭʱƵƹðڡ
ʱһĹȥŮ׽Ӳ԰ϢҲʼǿĲ
¶˵ĵɫ
֪˶ú󣬺ɴŮһıһվٴĿ쳣԰׵ϣȴһ˿ϲЦݡ
ͬһ¼Թ䴦ֻֻĴָСЫӰȫ䡱һѶΪŻľʹɢ
ˣɣҵˡ
Ů䣬һΣΪһŻӰǰĳͨһɶȥ
ϲȻȥ
ӺЫ֮ºһ߹հתںڿĳͨͷһɢ׹ĳڡ
ЫˣϽϢһ°ɡˣһɣת׳ԱߵĺɴŮԸһ
Ыһ͵ػΪһ·С
Ŀһ˲Զĳڼۺ󣬴˹ȥ
Ƭ̺ǰһ󣬾ĳ޴㳡֮С
˹㳡ΪԼĪĶСԼĳ⣬ڣͨϸбʶĳڶ̻һͼȴһ£һ̫ˡ
ЩʶȻѡͨӦ
ʹǰ߹Թ֮һʯ̳ɣ㳡ڹ㳡֮ϣһɫĹɼԶԶȥȻճһʮ֮Բη
ϴʱŰڰ׵ĹâҺɫâڽʢ֮Уð׹ۿɼٶȷɿš
һŷ¶˼ɫ
ʱಡһӵ̫ʶУһӰһͣ˷Ա߲Զ
Ϲȥ֮˾ǱϷӡ
㣿ܺãܺá
Ϸһ˱ȳԹ¶֮ɫĿɿһɨΧΡ
˵ֻ˺΢΢һת϶ʱ¶֮ɫૼ䣬һһɫһɶɢ˿˿⡣
ԭָ´дһȻĳͷˡΣĻ֪Ϸӱź˼Ȼ΢΢һݣȴŭЦ
ĿȻһ䣬һ߷ڵķԴԴϵĴһʮŽᾧ֮пӿ麣Ϸշɽ֮С
ۡһ
һɫСüһǰ
ϷӼˣЦһֻǳǰһ㡣
ƿ죡
м˲仯Ϊʮɳɫ磬ڵһ
֮֮з·𱻶һ㣬ļ
һߣͬһɫСһģҲΪʮɽӭ˶档
䡱һ
ɫɺɫ緢˼ײɫâҫѣһײһɫ쫷ХĿâ·޴ھ˺ҧѡ
һ죡
쫷籬Ѷɫкͽɫɽиһɶ˵ء
һ߾ƽɫ
ϷӼˣɫһ
ǰ֪µԪɽͬСɣ̹ˡһУԣ
Ϸ˵ȻһϺڻɫƹ측֣ǡۡһֳһֵӰ
˹Ӱʮ֮ߣ˫鸡գ޹һ㣬Ϻڻɫ䣬ؿ֮һ˶ڿ
֮⣬Դ޴֮аСһͫĿѪ֮ɫѪڰ뿪ϣɫ¶ʮֵɲ
ҲǵһμвСƷֺ˵һ߹Ϻĳ𣬲̼쳣ĺɫÿһ߰ɳϿצƺòˣ
ߣڤҲҶϷһϳùмһзһ䣬Ҫ߶Ӱ֡
ʱ㳡һͨڴһһһԼӰȻȵӥӡ
һ֣һ;Ȼһתͣӥʮط
ȴ칤ڵꡣ
ͣ¶ݹ⣬һǰҪֵľ󣬾΢΢һ֮ɫ
н䱸֮ɫһжʱöԲ
ӥȴǺٺһĸֶһֵӡ
ǺǣˡѵȵЩģ໥дһ¡
Ϸһüͷһ壬ٿ˿գգۺ󣬺ȻһЦ˫һ񣬾ɢȥ˹͹ӰҲ֮ƺɢ
ˣٺһûнӿʲôзһ䣬Ҳͷȫ˲ԱϺһջڡ
ԭˣҲλڴ˱ȶҶ˲ָܱѸٵҵڵġˣ֪ôһ£Ȼ΢΢һЦ󣬴˸Ƿ˵
ȻǼѾˣӦҲˡӥȴɫ˵
˵һ㲻ĸϯضȴ
ȻϣһĹһһݹ̫һȴħڵĳªꡣ
ֹһٷĹһ֮ͨУȻԺٸҲ˳
Ψ֮ͨԽŷȴʼδѦ̴ҲӰȫޡ
ҲǣͼײģҪɴµĽǴܷ֮񵽴˻˵֮ˡ
Ѧ̣Ȼδܴһؿ
ʱ㳡ľͷѱɫǣɫֺȻֻʣ֮һˡ
ֵԼĪһյĹ󣬾ͷȫɫˡ
ˣ΢΢һ̾
ͬʱīȻţͨڿռ䲨һ𣬾ʹ˵ƾʧ
ŷϿյ⸡ֳѸнɫС
֮оһʱߣɽһء
̧ͷн֮ʱĳˮ̶ڵĴ֮УȻޱ
ˮ̶ϿŷٻüԽһ֮£վ
ʱĴˮ̶棬ǹʢǴиֶŷٻԽӳյķ·ǿһ㡣
˾ڵâУһģʧˡ
ֻǰɫһ任һѣгĳ䲻ʯС
˼æĿһɨ
һʯ֮ϣһЩЩ¾ɵĵ伮
Ա߽Уһɫͷŵ⡣
ԽһݣĿһƳŮϸֵɫ󣬵Цһߵ䴦ͷ֮С
׹ͱٴһߡ


798 Ĺ
Խ֪ŷٻö֣óⱾ伮
λʶȤʡǶˡŮˣƽһЩͷдľɥ֮УЦ˵
ŷٻͬݸһЦƵǰǱ伮ʼ
һΣδ֮ƺֹֻڴˣⱾ伮ûпֶˣҵ뿪˵غ󣬻дѻѰؾصС
ʶŷٻʼԵôݲȡ

һʯ㳡֮УȰϤ뷨֮к󣬷ܽһᣬһֱɫĻ
ԶԶȥһ͵ĽɫԲ壬ʯ㳡С
һ·ߣȻʲô֮
˼˶Χһж޶һ㣬׷׵ϯض˫ĿһյľĴ
ڴʱʱĵ֮ϣһѸƬĻ֮С
ֻһʹһȻķԲĸоҷǳĸ֮ȥ
Ծ˫ֻۣǰããһƬʶһ㱺󣬾Լص˵׵֮ϣƮƮȻУͯ¾˵ڵǬһĻԼһĥѡ
̶Ƭ̹¹˻ĵʮ꾭ٴγڵſڣʽĳȻĿġ
һ̣һתĪڵؾ֮أǰһģֻħֺХ׷
һĻĻֲ棬ǰûκ˼Ͼ
ȻһħƺЩ
һ֮£ȫע뵽֮Уһ֮͸ȫĲʱƽȥ
ָоתţǰһ֮¾˵ħһζһĻ
ȻһУֻЩ֧ļ䣬ȫصΪ־嶫
п˫Ŀգͷ֮϶ĺ鲻ͣĻ¡
Ȼ֪ЩǻѣãȻмҪЩ־徭ػȴԽ
ٴοޱġħһɱ¾֮ʱĵ״ȻĪķŰĹЦ󣬾Ҫվ
ʱʶеĻ챮ͻȻһ
һͻȻһ˿һ֮£͵һҧ⣬ǿҾʹ˲˻þվûоʹվ𣬵Ҳɵ亹ˡ
ת䣬æųʶ͸ڣ֮£ħ׵ѹ֮ʵʵ˿ѼûС
ǰһиоȫǻþѣ
һæڵķעУͬʱֺɵĽлʶľĹԼʶС
ʱ˿֮ԴԴĴʶڶ𣬲γһܲ͸͸֣εĻסԼ
һв΢΢һɡ
ɾڴ˿̣һʢһģ󣬾ٴξ˶սʣѪӺͽһĻĻ
һΣؿռþеƶսĥȴӦԶɫƽ
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һþ˫ĿһƳ֮£ħڵĳªꡣ
һ˫۾д˿ѱ֮ɫȻϣ˫ȴµ趯
һ̣ªͻȻ쳤ХһȫУಡһһӰӺг趯˷ĿĻһСһĺӰ
ۡһ·һɿһ𣬽ιУռ䲨һ󣬾ʹڷʧӰ١
ʱǽ뷨вŰ֮ãһʵ֮ѹסͷɱ¾֮
ˣһȻ
ȻһУľļޣͨʵǿϵǺܴӡ
һ߼߶ĹɣͬʱĿһɨˡ
Ϸӣͷ֪ʱһöɫƵͭӣζշųһȦȦס
ϷֶУһƽ֮УƺǹӰ졣
칤ڵӣѶ֮ϣ˫Ŀ΢գлɬﲻϴ
İƥܽƬɫϼͬһͬУȻܵӰҲ̫
ȻԺٸȴԭȶ˫ֳһŵâһżʼչŵ΢Ц˫Ŀƽ޷ﲨ㣬ܵһзδţֻרĵķе
һɼӥӣȴûϼˡ
ȻԾϥ˫Ŀеͳ˻ɫԻѣ˫𣬲ϵĺŵ档
ÿһȭصȭͷȴѪ죬Ȼ˿ָ̼ѪȻ˿ĺ֮
Ҳ֪ʯ澿ǺβܼȭӰ£˿ۼҲΪ¡
ƺǿƾŽеһ˿ǣͨڷʹԼվ
ӥӣȴһһ죬ʹ֮ɫʱжĺӶͷϻ䣬˫ָϵı任һһ׷ûǰŵһɫ֮С
Ļתɫϼ⣬ֱü֮Уƺĳ־ӡ
Ȼˣһٺɱ̫žӢӵޣȴԵøǱ
ҡҡͷҪ˵ɻܼȻѾ˱Եˡ
Ȼϣ߰Ϣһ죬ӥǰɫȻѿ
ʧȥ˾󣬽Ĺ򣬱ŭĴӵϳڰ㵸Ͷ֮䣬Ʒħһ㡣
һɫϼͬӵϷһ𣬽ӥ˲УƾմͶߡ
ٴλָ֮ʱȻԼһİʯС
ʯ֮ϣһЩƵİƴ伮ԶĽ䣬һɫСʹͷ
ʯ棬ħڳª꾹Ҳڴˣֻȫһ㵭һʱ侹޷ӡ
ӥӳֵ˲䣬⡰ۡһѿ
˻һۺ󣬼ԥͬʱ֣ʯ֮дս

ʯ㳡ϡ
ڳª꼰ӥӷ׷׳ֺ󣬳ֻʣϷӡӡٸˡ
ʱ䣬ƺ쳣֮죬һ˺ǹɹȻһͣٴˡ
˫ۣгһֹͣͻʶļӳ֡
ɫ԰׺䤱˫ȭںɫѪװһԪĲģڷԼͦ˹غȴ˷֮ɫ˫ȭһվ
ٸϷ꣬һգͬҲվ
һ̣ˣֻýŵ׵ķ΢΢һƿһ졣
ˮͰĽɫȻӵ³𣬽һʧ˷С


799 ̨ͭ
һƬɵĿռ֮С
ȥ߼ʣûκϢȫһƬڵİɫš
ãã֮£ȴһƬȼյĻ𺣣޵̴ӻγ˿еȰ
Ƭ׻𺣵룬֮УȴƾΡľ޴̨ͭ
̨ͭܶɫͭ⣬ƷηֲƽԼĪʮԶ̨ͭԼɣҲԼɵӣʮƽķ
ڡһ촫һ̨ͭϷ֮Уһɫƾո֣˲ɢ𣬴ֳһɫӰ
ǸոͨһصĿ飬͵˵
Ӱм׹ֱ£䡱һ̨ͭվ󣬲ٴ˫֮ʱǼһ΢΢һ֮üͷһ
̨ͭܵİޱȣʶ޷͸
»ƺҲһ棬ʶһɨ󣬾һ쳣ȸдأһµġ
ڴʱϷٴηһһɫƾո֣һһɫӰҲӿһ£顱һ󣬾ȵվǰԶ
ɫһɫӰǱˣǺȻԺٸ
ٸ˶񣬵ĳһ֮Ҳʼת̨ͭİɫ
һ̣ͬü΢ͬ˴˵ص쳣
Ȼٸͬʱоµ̨ͭ͵طһҵ
һ֮վķ̨ͭԵͭ⾹䣬¶ԭò
̨ܱͭԵȻ½ɫģͭķ׷䣬һĿĽɫӽɫжȻ
ҫ˲ųɹâֱѸٸ̨ͭ
ŽɫĻתеȰڽ֮£𽥳Ž۶
ɫŨϸڽɫ֮ϣŷ̨ͭıԵγһ׶ɫķ͸֡
԰Ϊף˿ζԵʮֵĵĮƮ졣
Ծ֮£ȴ͸͸Ĺ֣⣬һ޶ľ޴̨ͭͬ䣬ҲһɫĹ֡
ʱ޴̨ͭϣҲԼӰζ
ϸ֮󣬲ſɺϷһ̨֮ͭϣ໥䱸Ķš
һ̨ͭϣһվţͬ͸ɫĵĻ̨ͭ
ͻȻ䣬̨ͭмУһڣγһɫġ
ͬһ̨֮ͭ˻Ϊֻ֣жԾʤ߷ɽһأᱻдߣ֮˱Ϊ˹صʤߣֿԶʤ
ɫڳƬ̺󣬱㻺ɢʧˡ
Σ΢΢̧ͷٸȥԷĿһ
ҲкһĳϷӿȥߵһȻ˻ѡ˳ġ
ˣȴЦ
Ȼǽֿյ˶ˡ
һ䲻ô֮Ϳ׽һˡ
Դȴ²⵽˶ٸһۺ󣬺ȻһЦĹֵѿһβֲˣֻеˣ
ţ̫һΨһܺɲܹ֮ͨһ֮õģٸԣһЦĻص
˿ɫûУȴ΢΢һݡ
ٸȻ֪нֹ飬ԤˣŮҲǴ֮ˡ
ʱٸѾһ֣ȡһɫĺʯ
ʯ̣ͨʽʮֹӣϴлŵ㵭ŵīɫƺī֭лȻֻȭͷСٸȴޱȺصĸо
ֻٸһʯ⳯һףٵһɫ˱ʯ֮С
ʯⶸȻųһ̹âڰеһת£ƾǴʮɴС˵Ͽնڱסˡ

ٸһһ
صʯһ΢΢һбкһɹٲɫī֭Ӱ
һɹī֭ڰһ֮£̼仯ʮɴСɫɽӰʱ̩ɽѹ㣬¡¡ֱ׹£ƺ֮
ˣȴţ֪ⲻĿռ£޴ӶܣĬһһȣһŨʱðֱһ񣬾ͳ߿պݺȭ
ۡۡ
ͷĺɫ͵ĺɫԵں۶˳˶ȭӰĳȥ
߿һ촫ɫâ˲бѶһȦȦ˹
һХУһɽӰ˲䣬޻Ӱ˺Ѷɫɢһա
ԻӰڿһ󣬼ߴʯֱײȥ
ŮӼˣɫѹʮָͬʱʱʮɫûյʯС
ʯⷢͳ֮ɫʢ˼֣бĽǶҲȻӴ˲٣ɫī֭Ӱ㵹ٴλʮɽӰºݺѹ¡
ٴα
ԻΡȻӭɽϣԴԴɽӰײ£𽥱䵭һһڳ嵽ʯ֮ʱʣһɫˣ֮·ʱɢӡ
ڴʱȻһŴڣһֵĵ⼤˲ջûɽӰ϶һ
ۡһ
ֱӴʯĴһ󣬾ͻΪһɫɽļأһûвӰ
Ȼ罫սļһУܳ䲻һȥʯ⡣
ʯâһظԭεĵ£·ɽӰҲ顱顱ɢ
ٸˣ֮ɫһţһУʯһأһ˿ʹ֮ɫ
ϵʯײȻһԵ
ʯ⣬ٸʦ״һΣϺıʯνʯ񾹱Էʹ÷ɽˣҪ޸ɲһһϦɵġ
Ůݶʱʯһն˫ͻȻһķӡͬʱзǻ
˵һĻˡ
ٸһ˫ڰ׷ˮ֮˲˳֮ɫвʼֳһ״ϸƣòֲ
ŴŮ¹ɬɫ龹ͬаתʱһƬƬ档
ͫ
Σһݣ˼һͻΪһӰļ
顱һһȼյĳɫ棬Ӱ֮ƾո֣ȴһûлС
ٸһﲻӿ˼֡
һʱ䣬С顱顱˷ɫƾոֲѸɢÿÿǵȰ㴩Ҵ󲻶ɫӰȴǲ˰֡
ɫӰȻһ䣬Ӳ˼ĽǶȣͬʱܹڸбѶ棬һ³嵽ٸǰԶ
Хһһ˶ȭӰȻΪɫͷĺȻ


800 ͫ
ٸ΢΢һȴȻһЦԭɫ˫ͫͻȻɫ䣬̹
ȴöЫɫ䣬æȭͷһգһģ
ٸֻ̹ͫȻһʢסԶȥ
ͬһʱ䣬ֻǰһΧһжЩģ
һ죬һƵĺɫڸ߿ȻֶžϢɳӿ
ڤ֮ˮ
űӿеĺɫˮ˫ĿһʱЩ룬ʶʧһ䡣
һ̣ͻȻһҡҡͷ͵һҧ⣬ſǰΡ
Уʲôɫһɫ߼ٷֱĿڴ
ɫٶ֮죬ҪʩչֵȻˡ
Ȼ֪ɫǺ֮£Ȼ估붼һſڣһɱҿ磬Ѿߵĺɫ΢΢һ΢˰֡
ۡһ
ôƬ̻壬ϵţһɫƤ׶ʱֶ
ڡһ죬ɫͬʱһŵĻ˴˼ϣȻһɢһḯ֮
Զƿһ죬һźɫ߳Ϯ
һΣһģ£ɫӰһɢ˶

ɫӰɫһ
ûһһɫСһģĽɫӰһ˲仯Ϊһ㽣ĻĻסȫ
߻ڽĻ֮ϣһ죬ϻƺʧ溮У޷κνĻֺӡ
ˣХڣһһԵȻϳͬʱĻȻâһʢͻΪƬ˷
һ춯صľ죡
ɽֱӽΧĳȫɢ
нһʧֽӰԭ¶ޱĿٸ
ŮУȻһ֧īʣʸϸ緢Ľ˿ƣʼ⴦кɫ˸ѣһźɫĹߣǴӴ˼
ٸɫ֮ͫԻ񣬺ɫߴ֮£ν޷죡
׿˿ǰϿ͸һƬ̺ۡҲһ¡
ԶͬʿӼʱ߶ƿͫ󣬿»п˶Է֡
ٸӵĳֱͫҲǷμҪ˵ۺʵڴ˴ŴŽǰʮ֮ˣԷӦþǺȻԺβμŻѹˡ
ʱٸֱֳʣظ΢΢ȻŽӶĴ߶ͫ侫񼰷ҲǼ
ڿôԼͫҲɵĳȻ֮ɫˡ
ת£Ҳ˾ϣнɫɽһն˫һдʣɫϲϸֶ
һ̣ͷɫԺͷɫͻЯŹ䱳צ볯ٸȥ
ֻע⵽ǣоһ㵭̹⡣
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ЩѪɫ뷽һӴɫĻȻһ̯̯Ѫˮɢ
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ĻŮӵһü

û뵽ڴ˵أҾġ
ħڵĳªӣɫ԰׵ϥҡβѪռ֮У˫ֲͣıŷ
ʩչħƿЩѪǽҲЧ΢֮ǰӥӵĴսһûüָ˿ԵôΪ
Ȼª˻ƵĿһ˫ֳһ٣һѺɫ˲仯һʮɳľ
˫Ŀоһ۲㵹𣬷·һѰѼСһ㣬֮ӵѪɫ뱻˲ѳһСһСĵһء
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һƬѪռУѦ̿в³޵һžĹǽڱϴȻ
һ̣üֳһ֣ԭ˫øΪͦڽڱ¶ͬʱʮָ⣬ֱ֮ϺȻһƬƬɫӲë
ֻһһ޶ɫ׶֣˫һŵأԭطɿת
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808 
ɫٶ֮죬·һķһ㣬ʱĽһѪɫУ÷飬һѶɽ
Ѧû뵽ǣм׶ܿЩϵ룬ٶҲֻԴԴ޼ͻΧȻЩˡ
ʱƺѪˮʴԭϬɫУ֮ǰҲǽС

ѲֻжʦµӯˡǰմȾѪɫ޹ܣҡҡͷ
䣬ͻȻִһһöӨͨ͸ľӨ㱻С
һ˿֮ɫŵһһ弤ȥ
ۡһ죬Ө˲׹ţһɫĴ渡ֶп֮ȻըѶ
ʱһ͵ɫϼһȻ֮С
ΧһȦȦɫα̲㵴ΧɷΧڣѪɫ룬ڣڰɫε£Ѹٿή
ԽԽɢĹҲ𽥳ӯѸٸѪɫռ䡣
ϵѪɫѿή֮ϣϵѪɫҲ𽥵ĸɺԣüֻʣһƤһ㡣
ڴʱһǰһսױһĽɫسһһĿʼɿȶ

Ѫռ֮оΧһģͯӣһŻɵĻ棬Χ鵯Ѫɫ롣
ɶζΪȡ˲ʱ䡣ͻȻ˫Ŀ΢΢˵
Ӧģˣ
ͯӴʱɫ΢΢Щ԰ף佱һȻ˷ܵĻش
Ϣһ°ɣ¾ͽҰɡ
һЦ󣬵һͯӾˢˢȫѶһź󣬾һƤС
˵ɶֻΪȡһʱ䣬ʱ̷öƷԪ󣬷ҲָͬһЩ
ջطɶĿһ䣬нһ߶ڷԴԴϵעԪɽ֮С
һɫС΢΢һ󣬱üĴһɶһɳĽɫ磬ɫһ󣬾ֱӳѪɫ֮ϵĳһ㡣
ۡһ
һûСзٴηɿһ䡣
͡죬һϬӽ֮ϷѶһ˿ݺύ
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ʮĹϾȻγһɴСѪɫ޶ΧѪ䶯£ʼδܳ׶ڶ
顱һһģʧԭأܿ˳Ĺ
һ̣Ѫɫ޶ǰӰһһͺȣȻһ֣ǰ͵һȭһͷɫӰ˲ھ޶бѶ˲Ϊ˵һ
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Ѫɫ󶴹âһȻըѳһ߳Ŀӡ
״һϲ˵ĵһսʢͻΪһĿĴѿһݳ˱֮ء
нɫһһֳֽ֣Ŀܷɿһɨ
ֻѪɫռĵϣ鲼һʮɴСѪɫ룬ͬ㲻ͣ䶯ţЩѪ棬һ벻ͣƶϣѪ벻ͣ
Զ׼ǣʱԽѪҲԽԽغб֮ҪͻƶĿҲԽˡ
ʮĵطһֻѪͬһҰ̱ڵϣҴȱȫ
ϿգϷһӨУͣնԴԴϳֵѪɫ롣
ֺɨһ۹ƿĿ⣬Ӷвͣ
ʱƿһ죬ͬѪɫƶ
һսֻһһƬƬӰпȫʳѪ
ʱϷм䴦һ쳣޴ѪУȻһȻϢ
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귽һĿһĿϷӺȴɵ΢΢һ
δ˵ЩʲôѪĸ߿УȻһŮȻСѪΡ½Ҳ˲żüˡ
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Ϸɫһ˵ĵһоӨɫֶ
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ӭһǻΪʮɳɫ磬Х󣬳߿һȥ
ٺһЦǱ߸߿жʱһһźȻֶһģĽײɫ磡
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˹￴Ը߼֣ԼĪ֮ߣͷһԳļǷŵĺ⣬һѪɵľһֱ۰׳泤βһںڷꪣ֮һƺɫƮ
Ŀһɨüͷ΢΢𣬲֮Ǻɫɢ˿˿Ϣħ֮мơ
ʱѪɫԣһһҲȻֶ
ɢȥԼɼһϰòŮӣΪСɿˣȻ°Ө͸˶ӷ׺Ʊϣʱ죬Цˡ
Ż֮Уһһڽɣвʮڣ·޴ľ޳棬ڶִǰ֫һצӡ
޳γªͷ­ȴһͣҿϣǲ֪ĻɫҺ
ۼ³ģһȻųʶһɨȥ
Ȼ侫ɨ֮ʱ˿޷̽öԷΪ
ʱ·һѪ֮Уһ֮ѪȻһ漴ըѶһһĴм
âһ֮£ֳһӰɴӡ


809 ѪҢ
һˣδü˵ֻĿһɨΧ΢΢һ
ٺ٣˵ʩչѪ֮ˣϣ¿ɺãȻһ˳˰ϵĻŮƳһѪɫЦ
ѪɫҲһţе³һѪ
ԭڵϣʱһѪɫͣ湴ճһŹѪͼ
Ѫɫｫһ١
顱һ
ͷϣֳźͮͮѪɫţһֱ֮ըѿѪһ
ɲǼ䣬ѪţͬʱѪһεٴεһ׳룬ֱһѪ˶ȥ̸档
Ѫļӹ֮£ȻֱһȦұʢһӴִѪɫѪ۶ڿ費ԭȸӵֲ
ٴνӭѪɫϤ
ǡѪ棡
ϷһѪɫʩ֮ϸϸĴͻȻʲôһʧڣͬʱɫҲ৵һ£԰˼֡
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ѪǺѲʮֵļɵüͷһֱʵ
ߣֹǼɵǰĹѪ棬һοҪ׶༪ˡϷԣȻɫʮѿȻɿĻһ䡣
˹ͷˣºαʲôӣЩѻ˵ɡȴһ˵
ø׼ĹһЩеľϣʶ֪һЩʿ֪ϡѪʵ˽壬һѪǿ壬һ֮Ҳ浤ϵʵҸ֮ײкöǿһЩͨĿֲڣԶ˽ɱȵģϷɫһȴҲû˼ɿ콫Լ֪Χ˽һ顣
˻ɵһ̧ͷٴֻªѪɫɫˡ
ԣͬдݡ
ϷɫҲһѿ˼֡
һߵ꣬ȴɵĻһֱ˰ϵŮӣȻ߿ʵʣǰϹŴеġҢ
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Ң
ܡ
һΣѯʲôһҢ֮˾ٴɫ䣬Ŀ৵һ£ֶ˰ŮϵĹϡ
֮࣬ԺзɿתһҢصϡ
ŷֹа˰ŮӣȻʹӦ˽ϹҢһģ
Ϲŵ伮أϹĳ֮գ԰ټǵҢ޼ԦǴ֮½ѿɿݣͿ̿Ҫ½ܹͨͬնɱɾ˵롣
ѪǰδŹ壬ȻҢɵ˺Ȼˡ
ǰͷҢӵдеĿֲֵֺܹͨġ
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²ŪɡϷӣϲʵ
ԣͬŵꡣ
飬Ǳ̫ϳֻͣҪܶĿЧ;ġ˱ʾЩҲ浤ҵΪԣԥĻص
⻰һڣɵˣһ
ܹߵȻʵ־ԶͬĴڣֻҪֳǾĶ֣Ȼһƴ֮ġ
Щ˼Щ˽ϣȻ濴ҵȵһЩϸ߿аŮϵҢˣϰһ󻨲ٴνЦ
Ѫϣͬ¶һ˿֮ɫ
⼸СҲ򵥣Ȼܿ͸ڵĵϸϻ˵棬ʱɲģҢȫԸǰСھͶȫȽ֮ѹֱѪ֮вʳҲ˳ָһЩĵľѪѪԣһ˵
ѪѶˣȻҵֻǱ۵ʱʵ㱾ʮ֮һԸڵСȻѴ֮˵Ѫѻǽ˸ָʡĻͷҶ֮ʱŲֽš˰ϵŮԣں˵֮ȴ˿ûн˷ӡ
һȴһԲֻѡʳĿ⣬Ĵˡ
Ѫɫռ䱾±ӡıڣҪЩֽŽָȻûˡѪһЦ֮ڴӦ
ںڷٴ֮һΣеһЩɬʱһѪ֮ɢ
ЩѪⲢδ˶ǿµķ׷û·Ѫϡ
ˣȻ˫ĿɿɨܣܰС
Ϸӡ꼰ɣҲǽս׷¶䱸֮ɫĸԵ˼
Ȼſйｻ̸ԼֻʱѣΪ绹Զʤǣʲô
顱顱һƬѪ뾹ͬʱѶһƬƬĿѪ˲
һ֮£һĶܶ·ȴǰһĳ߿ͬʱһ顣
һβɵһͣʱ·ѪһС
һֻ̣ǰһ󣬾ȻѪɫռ䴦ʧӰ١
ɵ˺Ң޳ҲһģıѪУͬһģʧˡ
˲䣬ѪɫռУֻʣѪһѡ
ȴٺһЦڸ߿һģ󣬾ٴʧѪ֮С
ٴοǰ֮ʱԼһѪɰĶСѪտռ֮С
ǰʮɴֻªޱȵĴϱޱȡ
಻Զŵɫս׵Ҳɫɵվ
ϷӡԼѪҢȴȫ֪ˡ
С˶ϣԶ֣ٺú۰һҶֵĻһģһ׽֫壬ȻŻȡˡȱص֮ʱҲһݹˡª޳붯ŤŤȻһδǰ˷ӡ


810 
ԣȴĿһ䣬ͻȻһ̧ಡ𣬱ս׸ǵұȻâȻ˿롣
âһ˲һ˿Ľ֯£·һɫ˿ĳֳһֶ¡
вм֮ɫһһ鶯һţһ֮ŷȻһɫճҺ
ࡱһ
ɫ˿һӴɫճҺͱ˲䶴
ҺȻܶʯ۽ƷҲܱһ
ɫһзһ䣬˿һɢٴμâ˲֮һƿճҺª޳ͷȥ
˫ۺȻͬʱһתƳһâ֮һȻһ
顱âͷ­Ӳϣûκκۼֱӷ𻨵ıһ
Żɫһ£̼ͽâûٻ޹ϸ׹£ԾɆѣȻѾ⼣߰ˡ
Ŀô˾ɫԽѿˡ
ڻսе룬ļƷ
Ȼûмϣ̽һ֣Է赭дĻȥȻһ
³ɫҺʮ־ˣĳҲһֶܹƵġԷҲǺҢͬһȽ׵Ĵڣ򵥵һ߻޷̶ֳȵġ
ĿһУҲͫһɿ켱ת
Сʲôʽ;ʹˣϷڴ˿ǺܾûлˣǶ棡ª޳ڿŤĿѪѣ˵
ѿз˹ֳסƬ̣ܽӽɷΧڣа취شȻһԵ
겢ûлػֻƳһۣͶͳʮöɫԲ飬ǰһףͬʱдʣһһķ׷ûɫԲ֮С
һţһԲƾջʮɸߵĿʿʮƥɫĿܾǡ
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ЩɫһǺ󣬱·Χž޴ԶԶΧһֱʮɵİΧȦ
зһ䣬һսױ༤УΧ
Щ⾹һɵĻطɽ飬һ˱֮࣡
ɽÿһг֮污֮ӡһϸɫƣԵüΪ֮˿˿ⲻͣ

һָһ˱ɫطɽԾҵĲͬʱź󣬾ͻΪһ⳯鼤ȥ
ЩΧ˵ɫʿҲͬʱ˫һнɫǿܷͳХ֮Ҳм˶ȥɫ⵶âһһɫâĹնȥ
ͬʱһ߷ӿȻһ֮󣬱ûɫӰ͹ֳڼȥ
˫붯ɫʿƳ˼֮˿û˼ֻһƵĻʱøŨ˼֡
Ĵ
ɫɫâӶնϣȴ޷ƿֺֻΧһЩɫĿâѣƵҲΪˡ
޴һ֮£⵶âͷ׷׵ɢ
Ӱȴûƹһľ޴򼲻߰Զˡ
ʱȻͷ­ʮһת˫Ŀͺ޸˹
һδкηӦʱ޴ȻһſڣӰһ;Ȼһģƾղˡ
á
Ǻεȷḻ붼ȻһڣһԼ
ۡۡӰȴͻȻӰ˸ţ˲ɢ
ԭվҲӰһĶȻһա
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ɫСٶȻ˼֣ƿһѾ󱳰Զ
ȴٴһƮͷҲصָһӨһ׼ȷޱȵĻСϡ
󣬽˲䱻ɫСһ𣬵Ҳ΢΢һͣƬ̡
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ˣһ߼ƻطɽͬʱٴһһɫĹϼһȴԦǰƥɫŵɫ޳
оâһ˫ַӿ˼֣һĿķ
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ʱǰһХһɳ콣˲һͻΪһɫһ
ǡһͨ
׷ɫҺСֻǱȻɢನһһıѶ顣
ڽɫǰˣһɫĹɼΧзȴԥսǴ֮
޴ϣڹһ˿أԸܼʿطɽĹ޶ãŹĽ磬һһ֣ٴɫҺ
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˲֮£ֻһƬĿ⣬ʶ˫ĿһϣȻһſڣһҺ
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޴һҽУ裬ȻһѪɫѪҺ
һ̣һɫ˿ȻӹֳѪ֮бһ󣬾ͽƼޱȵ㣬ȫиȭͷСһһѪ⣬һء
ǰԶɫһأ¶ֳֽɫɽ
ʱȻЩɫҲЩףüȴһ˿ϲŤ׳˵ͷ
ҲͬϲһЦݵһͷҲٻĻطɽʿ
ʱѾķѣѪУȴͻȻһëȻĹЦ
ãܺãϬԪɽȻмֱ¡ϷȻֻʱ۵Ļһ̶ȵԪɽɸƿҵƤֺȻˣϷķɽҲ޴ֺˡ
Ȼɷľ޴ͷ­
ͷ­ѱе֮һ࣬˫Ŀգ»󣬾ֿʼһֻɬ
ԭһصһѪ⣬ԭؿʼ䶯


811 
˹һĻɫ䣬˵ĵһǻδɻصһ˱طɽâһ齣ӰЩ䶯Ѫ⼤ȥ
ͫһսһ׶һϯĿеĲȱͷ­
䡱һ
ͷ­Ľ˲䶴顣
ٿѪȴں潣ӰǰͻȻҹʢꡱķ׷׳𣬻ΪһĻɫֳ棬ֻ֮ࡣ
Щֳγ֮ǰľ޴ǳƣͬͨҹɣͷ­ӡ棬ͬС
âһĽӰ㽫Щֳ涼У̴žžı
һߵҲʮְָһһʧУͬʱԶɫһ»Ϊ߶೤ɽ˲һΪΪġתۻ˰˱һ޶ĽɫӰ
ȥ
˵Ӱ΢΢һҲΪĳЩ©ֳһնȥ
֮Щ©ֳҲ׷׻ΪѪıѶƬѪ
н⽣Ӱٴɢһպٶһ󣬾ֵһ
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˵һ͹ȻԭȹֳٴηѣԽԽ
˴ΪȻʱǧֳֻȴͬʱһſڣ帽ĻطɽͿʿһҺ
ȻһļæݷɽͿܷɿܣȻۡ
һ˿ڻطɽ붼ɫҺУ˲һ
ЩɫĿʿǲĹֳӵһΧϺȻͣӶм⵶ųһƴֵ弰¾ǿԸҺУƬ̼ȫǧٿף¡¡ķ׷׵زˡ
սİ˵ӰȴҺеһתΪСĽɫ֣Һ˲һɢ
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Ⱥһ˿У׷˺ѷ飬һģѪ۶˵ڹ
ԾɺȻȴЩȻˡ
һΣЩֳûмѸȻǰǧĿѾܻûļˡ
Ҫ˵ĻֻҪͣѹɱҲǲսʤġ
ϾʹĲ֮壬Ǳնɱǧ飬Ҳֻ³
Ҳһ˿ϲɫȻͬ뷨˫һһطɽһٴαȺһɱ
ǰҲâʢһƬɫֺХ
һȻһ䣬һһɫһһͯһɴŮ
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һӽȺЫзһĻɫϯضһתĹֳС
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һЩֳһ֮󣬲ܲ˵ĴӶһֱȥ
һһŽķһɶһת󣬾ģлûݺһ޶һꡣ
ƽһ˵һͺȣ˫һģһŽɫȭХɵǰĹֳ棬ȫһ顣
תۼ䣬ЩֳѪ
һһļͷ֮һţһͺһţӰɫиֶ
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䣬ԭںͻطɽЫ­ֳ棬Ȼһͷڿӿ
ԭţӰ̽еʮֳֻ棬ҲȻһͷǶ𣬾ҪֱţӰڱѶ
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ԭ߶طɽβȺһն֮ԣĿ⾫âһ͵һҧ˫ǰһŹֵĽӡһɫȻǰƮȻֱӡǰ֮ϡ

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ۡһһ㵭ɫĻС


812 
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˽Ӱڸ߿ֻǵһת·ɫˮһȻΪɫˮĳһȫһŵû޴ӰС
Ӱһ¿Ϊ߰ʮ֮޵Уʵһ㣬ɢֲ֮ǿ⡣
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Щɫʲ̱һצۡ
ɫŽźȻ£ɫһ֮Уʼѣ
ţٺһ죬Ңͷһ㷢һžĹ


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һڲԶֳսղŽһȻʩչһٸش
СҪǵСҢӴ˼κŮԹӿбŭ
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ҢɭȻһЦſڷһܵĻɫʱɳһƬư㳯ǵصϯȥ
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ЦһȻſ³һھѪûеͭŵ֮С
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817 Ѫ

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818 
ͬ𾪣Ȼͬ溮꣬˲һãã˪
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˻δ¶ϲ֮ɫаһҷֿΪһɵŻ״ӰһзɳӰ
һɺϢʱһ˲㽫ѪɢĿֲѹһɨա
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ڿռͨľͷԿߴĺɫϼԲ·һ޴ĺ뵹ڵϣէһڣһɲĹо


819 
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ӡȻѾ᧿ΣԼݹϷˣ
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ԣһͬСľ򼣬ڽңʯƺûкԽ֮
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ͳͬʱ촽⶯䴫˫ʮְָĲͣ


820 
һ̣ʯϣлȻâʢֵˡ
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ĿЩһɨ˫ü΢΢һ
һǣЩϵʧӰˡ
ԼʮˣϵȴԾɺö˶˵ϡ
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ಡһˮͰ׳Ĺɫɫ칬ʹеԲ̼ȥ
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ĿһϸĴһǰݣȷ֮ǰ伮֮һ޶󣬵¶ЦݣһֺҲȡһСɫһ黨С
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ԶŷٻĻҲȻһЦ
ɣǶ˹
ʱԶһ֣Ը
ޱĿһۺ󣬱㻯һƮȻȥ
֣¾ȸˣԵպټòԵĳԽһת˿ɫƽ꣬ͻȻ뵽ʲôһ㣬买ʵ֪γƺ
칤Ҷһ㶣ЦһЦҲֻص
˵ͷ󲽳˷ȥ
ŸҽӦ֮˵ĵʱѩɽ֮֮һ״ķȻֶǸŽźš
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ͬʱȺһһϼһǹ˸ɳ۶ȥ
ǱϷŮɪ


821 
Ҳפ˲²⣬ֻѹʱƣǰâ¶
Ȼɪ˿ɵǹ֮ǰɴһŻɫòӴǹ˸лֶ
Ǳ
һ֣촽΢ƺɪѯʲô
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ڴ˵Ŀⶼ۽ʱȴǰ˼еһ顣
顱һ죡
ʱĻɫԴԴϵĴйӿ糱ӿһͷʯ֮С
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һԵɸǵɴ۾ʯ
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֮ɫһڷһ˿Цݡ


822 
Ŀǰ̫ʮֵϷӲеһɪ꣬ɣĽѪٸڷӣӥˣȡ
ʱ䣬˻صžۼ칬ʹٴߵʯǰȡһöӵʯ̣޵ﲻһûʯ֮С
ʯȻһ˵ֵһʧʯ֮ϡ
Ƭ֮ʯ֮һε۶һҵ
̫߸ֵһŻĵһڶı˲ʮ֮һֵ칤ڣħڽ󣬺ĽңȣȻԺеߣȻŷҸ˺棬һЩСŵȡ
ʯ֮ϵŵҵĳǣɫ
̫š
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ԶܸܵһɺԨĲãϢӴԲ֮˷ɢ
һĻʱôСɵȻʧɫ˴ҲЩĪ

칬ʹ߼ɾ׼ϣһתһӣһƽ֮еһһöɵľ޴ġ
ۡһɫһûʯ֮Уʱ¡¡֮ʯ֮Ͻţ
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ͬʱɪˣҲĳٴŮ칬ʹǰ
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δΧľֻǰããһƬ߲ʱ֮Ȼһ͸âһǰȻһׯϵĹ
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δ˶࿴ϼۣԱһʱһǿķһڡ


823 س
֮УĿ֮ҲһƬӨѩ֮ɫ
ԲΣʮֱľ޴һֻֻ̬Ĳ֪޵ӿһɹŨİɫʹײƣɾ
е֮ϣ°׷ˣ˫ĿΡȻԱ߻վʮģİ̴ӡ
Ŀһɨ޷֪˿
ǲǰĿöԷһ֮ʹ赭дĪͨҲҪΪǰһͨˡ
˱ǰˣ˻˫Ŀһɨˣ˵
ϣǴˡһԵԣĹ˵
Ȼɫĳλͨʩһ
ǿѱɣǰҲʵ֮
ǲض񣬼Ȼ˵أ칬֮͡ӦҲ֪ǰףһҪΪν˵ɣǶЩʲôҪ󡣡˵һЦʵ
ǰҪһѾʧ֪ҪǷƺ˾ٹһ󣬾ȵĿ˵
ȷһѾʧڶԿħͻƿĪ棬Ҫܺȥԣ˵ͷͬʱһߵһ칬̴ӷԸ
λ칬̴ӵ΢һȥ
ʱ˱һɣ֮ӡһɫĵĵ伮ص˴֮У伮ϷС
ɷһӹ˵伮伮ĽɫĺȻһһϷü֮䡣
΢΢һϾЩȻˡ
Ƕһ˵Ľмǲ⴫֮˵伮зٻ٣˺Ҳ˽Խйشľ߱ˣȻᱻ˵伮ϵĽƷɣ١˿˵
ס
ϷһĽ伮봢֮Уһֵ˺˼
һλ
ǰҪһöƷԪɪƵǰ˼գգ۾˵
ƷԪ˵˵ΪƷ½Ҳʧǡд鵤ƷҲܷҪ󡣲˵ȼ֮ãѲ㾹ȻãĵӹȻ츳
ԣЦһӦ˴£ֱӴͳһɫСƿ׸Ůӡ
ŮӵһУСƿ㱻һɫϼһС
ƿǣ˫Ŀ΢е濴ȥ޵¶һ˿΢΢΢Ц
лǰ͵
ŮӽɫСƿһն𣬳һ󣬾ͺ˼Ļصԡ
ȥѱϹ˴Ӧҵĳŵ˰ڰ֣Ŀϡ
ǰѯһ£칬ǷԽҵļ֮΢ԥһº󣬱㿪˵
ֱ칬Ƿ޲ϣȻԼѾõ˷Ŀȥ֮ҲɴﳤǱߵ֪
ȻѵõĻᣬ̽һ¹Խҵ֮Ȼ޵ĲϣܹƳԽңҵĺûرרԵ֮ȻýԷӵЧԷɽʱܴﵽһֲ֮ĳ̶ȡ
һԵϷŮԣԴȵƳһۡ
йԵĽϷ֪йصϷ򵹻治̫ġҵһ¡ɫһţֳԱߵ̴촽΢Ĵ˼䡣
̴ӹһº󣬾ٴȥ
ˣдϲ
ǱԿ̬һ˾ܾĻϻһҪ󣬶Ŀǰ˵Ŀƺ
˰ӵʱ䣬칬̴ӲŴӴ󷽻˳һ̣һö׹ɵ
ͨԶܴɢĵ⣬ԼоĲ
ҿһ´ǲҪĶ
ɨһеİɫȴδ𣬶ǿһһɫϼһһڷȥ
һУ㽫У˵Ľ֮ڶͷʶһɨ㽫мȻء
еȷһйԽҵļֻⷽͨЩͬΪӣҪĲϳ⣬Ҳ٣ִ֮ҲϾһһĿȷϴα
칬˳ȻĵλȻҲһݼٵƭǰġ
˼󣬵ֽУ˰лһ
ضˣȻѾõ֮ˡ䣬뿪ɡ΢ȻһЦ˷Ը
ǡ
䵱ӦһһٴξһĴ˷ɳ˴һɳ˾޵ԭ·ص˰ããѩɽ¡
غٴλȥ֮ʱȴѩɽԭŵž޵Ȼһ졣
һ̣֮Ȼһľ޴ѿڣ¡¡֮ŵڼת֮Уѿڷȥ
һĻѩɽ嶥δȥ֮˵פ
Ԥʾţ˰һεʢᣬĻ
ԼһٷĹ֮㳹ѿ֮УǵѿҲ˲ֺ϶
Ƭѩɽһλָƽ·ŵδֹһ㡣
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һЦ󣬴Ůͬڿ䣬Ϊһ⣬Ϲȥ
üͷ΢壬Ҳû˼ȥɻ⣬ֻĿһɨΧ׼˷󣬱һһһ̫פ֮ƿնȥ
Ӻ̫ʱסĸ¥ں¡¡һն𣬽һɵľͷɳڿն߼ȥ
պ󣬾ͷɳĳ֮С
˿ϥʶ̽ϵֽ֮УϸϸŻջ¶֮ɫ
˵ŻϵǰݲݽջҲСر칬õĹսҵ˵Ǵô
֮⣬ؾ֮Уջʬϣǻٵڵľв٣ݸʤЩžвǧʯļֵ
Ǻɳѵһľϣ½ѾҲὫ䱣պʱϴô
ʱȻɫһֽŵֻŵľϻմʱѡǸ
ʹ뿪֮غٴ򿪿оǺδ뵽;ȴֻֱڲʱġ


824 
ԥĽֵľϻֽȡͬʱľϻ֮һȣһľϻ֮һζ֮ɢһɫľϻڵĳǰ
һģľϻһ򿪣һƬһľϻ֮һΪӵĵ伮
Ȿ伮˼ΪµĵɫƣƺǱӳĳֽƣֻȴʧȥ˹⻪ұ߽΢΢ȻǾѾˡ
伮ľϻ֮ȡרĵķ
Ƭ֮ЦһĽϣŻɫľϻ֮С
һϹʱԻŮĹϹĳԴŮƵɹޱȣʮһгɣȻ֮
յ伮˵˹ҲбѡеŮЩŮֽһѡΣֻȡ֮һΪŮȴᱻ̴֮Ƨɼһߡ
ղ֪Ϊ½伣ˣ伮ֱǰ֮ȡΪ˴н֮һ
˹Ȼȴ;ҲޣΪ˷ڿͷдˣǴ֮Ůӷɿʼ
Դˣֻҡҡͷɫľϻʱպˡ
ַųʶһɨ
ʱķɶЫг˯ѣһ߻ָһڻ֮С
ǰһս˵ʱδֻкŷ֣ҲЩֳҺӰ죬жദʴĺۼ
ֻѾ׻ڣֻ֮ЩϸһصģҲָܹġ
Ҳ˫Ŀһյİ
˴Ż˵ǾƣߣᣬպóŻ̫·ϵѵõϾʱ䣬úõĵϢڵսȼԻЩЩӡ
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ϾŮʦˣ֮»ʦ˵ĽߣЩⲻȥġ
֮⣬Ҳһεӣ̸֮ƺ˲١
ڣһ·;棬һһλصڵɽ֮С
뿪˾ͷɳԹԵȥ

պ̫ϵĴ֮С
μŻƽĵӣһվš
ŵĶǸɽн֮࣬ʦȻУһ֮ɫ翷˵̸ʲô
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ˣ˵ʾ£һһǰȡʹ͡
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ձŹ׵򣬻ҪĵҩƿԼڼƷѡȨһΣ浤һЧõġ衱һš
շƵˣ˹׵õıһЩһ⣬Ҳࡣ
Ĺ׵㣬һͨŵ˵ҲһʲСĲƸˣǲϵȥڰҲҪʮ귽лܵ
ڽӹʹ֮󣬱֮иȥԻԼĶ֮С
Żı֣ڵҲһʱҲһˮǴߡ
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ͬһʱ䣬콣һ֮С
дһವƿ죬һ磬ڶشѡ
·һĽϥ粻
ڴʱһ毺õŮⲽ˽
շơ
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Ȼʦô˵ˣȻҲеԲȥˡ
ɳ̧ͨͷһշƺĻصԹԵļ
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һ۵ɣ뷶ԣΪεĶһۺֻʵӦһ
ͬʱڵķҲŴĽλˮǴķõԴҲ˴Ϊ㣬һЩսŵĵӷ׷ױʾԸͶķ¡
ķ翷ˣҲƺвֱ˴֮ͷ
ΪºȴԴȴȤڳϯ˼αزٵĳϺ󣬾һͷ˲ؾвٳ
ʼĲ׽޵ϣԼһЩڽƿĵ伮
֮ŴӲؾ֮лλƵ˳һһƿնȥȴķﳤϵĶ


825 Ͼ
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һɣĶ֮Уһ˿˿ȫӣľ֮ϣ˫Ŀһ곤ųɫҶ״٣ɫݡ
ãȻǷĲûģݱĻҪһЩ
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ģϷӦȻʳԣ޵䶼¼ŵͼ֮ˣõʮն񣬿ûô׵ֵģϷȰһ䣬Щ׼ٳҲٵġ
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ӹᣬʶһɨ󣬱СĽֽУٳﳤϱȭл
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°͸ٴˣÿÿķ翷帽ʱֱ·Уֺ
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ټϾаߣΪɿˣϵë֮»᷺һɫ⣬ʮֵŮϲһЩŮӣһֻϾΪΪ١
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һתת£פֵ·ڴһɸߵľС¥ǰ
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˼۸֮ǰĶʮʯңȥԶ
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Ѿסڽɽ֮УǰպȡɡһϲæĴ
ãպţٺ٣ǵʱ޻
˦һ仰󣬱ٺһⲽ߳˴˵̡
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뿪̺󣬱ڸһרʿϢĿջʱסһ뿪˷УԼŵĿջ
뿪իãһüĿʣһɫЩ湫ӷ緶ʿⲽ˽ȥ
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⡭ҪùʧˣһֻϾһ㱻һλǰԤˡԣһ㶵˵
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ʿɫ䣬ϡ䡱һһ浤ǿϢɢ
ҺĿ󺺣˵ĸߴ󣬵ľѹ壬ͨһĵ˵ϣһ˿Ѫɫˡ


826 Լ
ǡ飬֪浤ǰ١Ͼ֮ҡѱʱǰԹȡֻҪʮʯɡλ󺺼̱ڵϣ΢΢˵ȴǱ̧˲١
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ŵײײվ˲ͷϵ亹
СҲʮ֮ˣ߽ʿҲ٣е˿µ浤ʿǵһμ
ϾҲǼʶ֮ˣһת֮󣬱ָµӡ
λ浤ǿΪɽȻںǰ˵Ļˡ
պԼٴ˰ի
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˵ܺãɣմʱʮϬһΣӮˣ¾ͽϾáʿ΢΢һת󣬺ȻЦ˵
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صջٴȡŵɫȻзӦ󣬵ڷڴϢ
ڶһ磬ʮĳ޴ɽһ࣬ǧɸ߿УĿɽһĸ߿ա
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һɫָⵯһ֮û˰âеķ롣
һ죬ɽϿһŽɫֶ˲䱬ѶһȦȦ˿
ȻͨĻʿе˼
ʿˣһ˿ɫȴֳһ˿˷֮ɫ
һӣһɫһɢͬʱٴֱһ̧
ಡһʮâ˲·һ˿֮߰лڼ
˶ļƷ˵һԵʹãսʽʹҲǵһμбһݡ
Եоḻɫ֮ɫһź󣬵һһɫСܾһĵǰһתɫϼ⣬ӭ绯Ϊɾ޴
âһ֮󣬾޶ܱһɫСɽӰԼɼ
һ̣СɽӰžžϴҲ΢΢


827 ֮

Űʿвϵ³֣ɫĺ֮ǰһŰɫӶֶ׷ױѶһǿ
ܱͬɫϼѣ˶ļƷԱֲ֧ͬ״̬
ˣǰһֵסܣдʣȫԴԴϵעС
ܱʱɫϼӿ䡱һ޶ܱһСɽӰѶܶӭǴһʮ֮ޡ

һɫȻٴμһֱѣɫСɽӰƹȴʯΡȻ
ʿˣһٴһ˦ȴǰΪܼİâ籩к
ʱСձâǡ
ȫұ
ͳһ𣬡顱֮ﲻİɫͬʱѶ˲ںϳһ˶ޱȵİɫɽӰȫûС
¡¡һ
׹УɫСɽȻɢʱɫâ
һƹӰɫȴʧȥĺܡ
Ȼڰ׹ȥֱվԭδһ£һȫһ
һͽصĺһն𣬲˵һ䣺¾ֻ㱾°ɣûֶεĻһսɾ̫ĳʧˡ
⻰һڣʿɫʱʮѿɽսߣҲüͷ΢΢һ塣
ôĿһ˵
ʿŭЦһһƹĻУɿһףͬʱһһŵĴС
ڰһչкȻһֻɫ޻ͷ򳯰ݡ
ʿʮָһְ仯ǰһָһɫһеһ֮󣬱ӡ˻֮ϡ
һХ
ʢֻɫ޻ȻһŤͷһŵĴӻ֮һ˶ӭһǣΪɾ޴
ʱܿ˻ѩףƤëкɫݺύһȭͷСĿУŽɫʢò硣
˻һһХ֮һǰ֫Ȼ߳ɫצ͹һֱȥ
һɨ͸ܵ޻ԼɢĿֲϢĿһ˿ɫ󣬵һָüġ
ಡһһ߰˴Ľɫɽһ󣬾ͣͻһʮɳһ
׻һŭֻǰצһڣĽɫץӰһֶȥ
ۡһ
һ˸ɫֱӶצӰͽȻһɫαӰ׻Ӵһ
ɫ޻֮ȻһͣͣһһƵİɫ˿ʹŷ
顱һ
ɫ޻֮ըѶһưɫɢͬʱʿǰᷢꡱ֮ʹԷ٣Ϊ˷ɻҡ
ɫһٴλΪƥʿһȥ
㾹÷ɽҵİ׻ͼ
ʿȻŭ㲻ٴһ֣һһ£бһɵС
δԱƿһ죬һŻҹֱײ˽ɫϡ
һ죬һɫɽأҹ֮УԼһɫС
ԭһԹս΢Ȼ׳
ɫһһУսһļء
һ̣ԶɽӰһΣ߾ЦĳͰʿмմ
ʱʱ֣ĪǴҪԶһˣһۣޱһ䣬ǰɫɽȴʼ΢΢͵͵
İʿ֣ͬȻû˵ʲôֳͬһ˿֮ɫ
ǺǣˣϷֻǼ·ɽ֮˵ãȰ˵λɸΪ񲯶ѡ΢ӺٺһЦһ˵
ƳϣҶ֣ʰ˴˲ɣΪηҪͽ⡣ʿȴЩһ˿ɫĺʵ
Ī˵ġ׾λеĿӵԵԪɽ΢Ť׳ʿʹ˸ɫĿٴνʵ
Σԣһݣɫĸɴص
˱ûˡѼȻҪͷϾҲҵĿһҲΪƬɽͷ޶ɣƳЦе˵
ǵҲΪޣȻ²⣬Էһ˵ɫȻ΢΢һ䡣
ȻҵĿͬβֲɱͷޣҪڴƴһ΢̹Ȼ˵
촽û˵Щʲô¶һ֮ɫ
߼ˣȰ˵̨һǴˣŵһԣҲˡҼڶ࣬׻ܵģٱȶȥ¾Ҫˣʱ˭Ԫˣͷ޵ҪӵϼˡҵҲ֪ͷҲ浤Ϊ̵ҲеԷɽɡҶΪ˴УҲ׼˼ϴõı˫ְֻȻ͸˼֡
ŶԣҵõͷޣҪηģĿº󣬲ÿɷʵ
Էԣ޵츳նʮֵĵġȻսûʮܹƳ޶ġ
˴Ĺŵ֪˵һͷޣǽƼˣɴϳȻԸ顣
Ҳ׽⯻ҪһЩƵԼߣӶԷĻѾ룬ǺҲȥ˲ʱͻġ
ͷʵֻҼ浤һѡ޲ϣһڱصáҪɣ޲ϣҶҼһһΣڴ޵̨ԸǣϷȻҲ̨Ը㹻ʯΪ΢ɶһϲæٴ
˵꣬ѯ˲Զİʿ
ʿ˿ȴֳһνӣƺĬ΢ߵ顣
һпУɫƽͷɿתš
˵мβС֮ϼأֻΪսҵĲϣȡʮ֮һСƤѾ㹻ˣ޵浤ȺŹʹõ󣬾͸߼۽۵ġ
˵Ҳã¾ͺͶλһΰɡ˰κڳһĵͷ
ܺã˫֣ͷȻ֮ˡϷһ£λǽڵİδ̵γƺ
ƳϹһЦһĳ˰ʿԣһڵĽ
ʿˣȻЩԸԵһĽСк󣬲䲻ȵĳһ֡


828 
ԭǽڵĵѡһɢ޶ѡһ
ڣҲû˵䲻ֳ̫ᲢۣҲһڣ浤ΪҲֵ̫顣
½ؾӪԴһЩѵһҩֻҪ㹻Ĵۣڸһ㶼Ѱҵõ紫ţڶڻĳЩԴĴ̫ڣ˴ҡ
֮⣬ҲдԳƣʵĳشķ֧ѣʶŸö֮ĽӪΧչȫ½Ҿò˥
ȻҶʶˣҵͷȥͷΣƳЦе˵
󣿶λûʲôҪҵھͶΣٵ컰¿ɵʲô֦鷢ȴĿһ󣬺ԥҡҡͷ˵
ʲôھͶʿɫ΢΢һ䡣
̵ȻҲСƳ΢΢һ󣬾ȻڴӦ
Ƴϡʿɫһ
һ̣촽΢ĳ䴫˼䣬ʿĿһ˿ɫٿ˿һۺ󣬾ȻĿڵĵͷ˵Ȼ㼱޵飬ĳȻЩûд꣬Ǿ͵ȵٴɡ
䣬ʿһһֻΪµĲһɫһ֮еһû֮һֻ֮ɫСȻ֡
˫üһǰõһ޶Ͼû
ɫСһأֻƶСɵһգСɵı΢΢⶯˼£ӡĽ֮󣬱һԾʿļͷĥ˼죬һǳǵӡ
ͽޣųûñѾշˡ
ѪιϾ֮£ɡۼʿȡһѾӨСһָųѪӣ΢߼æǰ˵
޷ʿһСһָ֮ϳһϸСѪڣѪ
ϾһѪæӰʿϣܻ
ˣһ
󣬰ʿһץסϾıǿקֹѪо
ֻϾ𷽲ţҪһȦ˫Ŀ֮иǱһƬһӣ֫ͣץڣͼʿ
ʿȡһŻɫһһƹһϵ˿ڱֺˡ
ϾŻָǣƺ˴һ
Աˣȵ޳ûĵط͸Һúóɻˡʿ˵һת󣬾ͽϾ׽޴С
һȷ˫յϺȷ޳ûĴλã̶ˡ

պһƬɽУһϪϿգԼԦǰ·š
аʿһǰ棬ͻƳϾ΢һЩĲķУʱ̸ʲôΪǢģ
Ϸ֪˵زͷޣǻѲٵͼ۲򵽴鱨ġ֪ǴӺδ֪ġЦʵ
ĳֻǻԵɺ£һЩԨԴǰе֪ġǶλѲڣ鱨ܹõȴĻص
ⲻʲôҪǼȻУǰЩ죬ѲҪȥ˵ѾϬԪɽѵҪһԵƺҪ׽΢΢һתٿ£һЩ󣬿ʵ
ƴԪɽõԲϣǴһλǱ߽ģ֮һֱδҵͬϹ黹˷ǡһֻڴ˸һûŲԶǧصظɱҪõһЩԲϣù黹λѡ治ɫ˼Ը
ԭˣһλ֮ˡƳ΢ԣ˼ĳ޵
һûһľַɳȥǰһƬ鲼̦ɽ긽
ǰİʿʱһ٣һȡһͷһţϸֱһǰκ󣬱һת׵˵ǵͼûĻӦþͷ⯳ûˡ
ԣ̷ǰһƬ
ֻƬɽȷط̫һص̦⣬ȥȻһЩͺͺľ֦ɣһ޷ͷģ
ţأӦòˡҲͷ˵
Ȼû
ʿˣͲٳɵһƤһɫһ󣬾ͻΪͷ߳Ͼ
ȥ
ʿһ̷Ը
Ͼ׷ͽкСı䶯˼º󣬾͡ಡһΪһϹɽȥ
ȥʿϲһڿոȥ
ͻƳϣҵͬβȥ
ʱ̦ϡϻɫͬʱľҲϡ
ǰԶϹȻͣâһ£¶ϾӰ
һ˫Сɵգ˼£ԭһǰӣ΢΢һƺ¶Щη֮ɫתɱ˰ʿһԾͷ߷ˡӡĽ
ʿ΢ߵ׷ͣ¶ݹ⣬һŹͺͺľʯ֮
ǰԶȻһƬ֮ڱε֣Զᵽһɵȳζ
ԵмɫΪޣŵݡ
ͬͣ˸ͿմЩݣһ
֮ǰϣϲʳһЩݶ˿Ǽݣ൱Ķԡ
ǰǶֻ⯿Ͳûˡʿǰҝ˷ܵ˵һĲϾһɫС
ѣһЪϢƬ̣Ҽڴͷ󣬴ޱճ󣬽ʱ»ƷסҼеĻӰǣжҶѽʱֻڹؼʱ̷ųԵԪɽһشɡ΢ԣ˵
ԣ˵ͷʾͬ󣬱һԣֶľȴ
ţԶʿİһһɫϼм֮ӭ绯С죬֮һˮεĹġ
Ȼ̧֣һһûС첻ӰСɫȻһһת£ಡɢܿյ֮ϡ
ˡһ
һ㵭ɫĻʱ֮һͬɫСһͬʧӰˡ
ˣ۽΢΢鴤һ¡
İǰڷ󷨵бһˮԵĸ߽׽շˮʹκ˻޽֮ͬˮһ㣬о˷ʹȻͣеˮûĺɫˮ֣м֮ǶԸ˲ɻȱ֮
ֻͨЩŹֵˮηĴˮܼһΣͷʧʸߣ۸񲻷ƣһױҪʯ֮ޡ


829 
λֱʣЩĿʱĿһĻˡ
İĿһɨܣ¶ֶԴ󷨲֮ɫٴηȡʮС죬֮һף˫ʮֱָ仯ɫСһ
ЩС֮һ֮󣬱׷ɢйɵڷŲõķ֮УͬʱһһĵɫĻ𣬲ͬһ֮ʧˡ
ε񣬾ڷŵ֮䣬㿴Ӿַųһģһ󷨣
ȻҲҲ֮ˣΣԲɵİԿЦ
˵ʯҲǧ֮࣬ǽΪһ壬Ҫķ˶ʯҲҪԥġ
Դ龰ڵ΢ȴɫƽһֵ߲ģ
Ƴϣˮɷ㹻ס޵жˣǲлĲߣֻҪͷ֮ʱķЩˡİ˶䣬Ŀ΢ߣʵ
ǺǣӣٶףϷ»ûȥˡˣڷ֮вЩƵķѷ΢ߺٺһЦ
Ȼ
İһЦƳһۺ󣬱֮ȡһ׹ķжʮ֮ࡣ
һٴ˷룬εԭһתа׹㽫Щ׷û뷨ܡ
ţİַȡһĳɫ̴㣬˳ֲ˷Ĵ
°ͣƺ뵽ʲôһкȻֶһ֮ǰһĳɫ̴㣬ԥϤ¡
˲ȷһʧһ֮󣬰ʿвһ˿֮ɫ૵
ȴʱɨɫ̴һۡ
㿴ۣͬѰ˼ͨ򣬲û쳣۵ĵط
ˣвһ˿ɫ
ѿ֪ЩԱƣζϲ֮Ƴƺеɻ󣬵һ䡣
󸡱
ԣ΢΢һݡ
һ־켫Į֮صľ綾ޣԸ䱩ŰΪһɴﻯڣһ浤ʿҲԸȥǣرܵܵвԥԱųĶ֮ʮֵѲ
ȷǱģԷû˵ǣʵϲͬᱻζʶҲżʵ֮ʮֺġ
ԭǴ㣬ѹλг񣬹Ϊ޿˲ٹ򣡲һѣвʮ֧ɣ᲻̫Щ´޾ͷֻһ䡣
ǺǣѶˣԽ࣬ҲԽһ㶼ΪƻѲֻ㹻Ĵ㣬ȷһʧġ߰˰֣һЦ˵
ĪǲµֶΣİԣȴɫһ
Ȼֶ˵ˣȻûġȴ˸Ƿһ˿ЦĻص
֮Ϸרעڲٿط󣬶Ҫ߶ЩѷΧޣޱϾԣζĪ⣬ʱҪѵԷɽܽնɱˡѳʱһҪץ׼ʱȡ֮һնɱƳ˵˵
Ȼûڰʿ䵭Ŀע£ģһΪصĹľУʹϥأĬĬ
İһĳ˷һ̧֣һ̴ָһָһ
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ˣ۽΢΢һӺɫɢĵƺǰɫдϢΪơ
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ʱţɫַΧԽԽ㣬Ķ֮ȫ£ɢĵ֪˶Զ
Լһӵʱ䣬Զɵ֮УȻһһīɫȻֶڻвͣţһָ޷ץס׼ȷλõĹо
ͻȻһͬ¹ͷ­ӻ̽˳һ˫Ө̵۾ʮ־š
˼ˣԴ߶Ϣ˿ҷ
ȷû󣬲Ŵӻɫл˳
֮ߣǰõϣ˲٣һֻ¹ͷһԻҺڽ⣬ɫĶë֮ϣɼһһĻɫһһʱʱ֡
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͡һ
һ̣ǰʮɴҹһٴֳ˴޵Ρ
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̰һǰİɫȴٴ¶Щ֮ɫ˫Ŀʮ־ɨһ飬վԭز
˫ĿһУв²޶òŻ῿ʱ⯺Ȼһͷ­һţ³һȦȦɫ⻷һʧڸС
á
εȷḻ֮ˣһĻɫ䣬붼Ȼһֳһ㵭ɫĻ˸ʵʵͬʱͷ­˫һ䶯һ۵µĽ׳׶סˡ
ͬһʱ䣬һֱĴ̶ȻڸջصֱøľݴȫһһΣм⯽ϽϸľֱһĴмжѶ
ڹ΢΢һµĽֵ֮
һ߷İͻƳ϶ܵľʯҲû˿쳣֣Ȼͬɫĵֵ
ԭЩĵ΢΢һɡ
ټƬ̣ȷϸȫ󣬵ķҹһһ˲ƶ
һȷϸû״ڳ׷˽䱸֮ģӨ̵˫۾âһǰɫƮĵطɫƿٴαģ塣
͡ƿ
޾Ȼ˲ͨϵĳ̴ڷɳ۶һӰ
ҲǿЩզ࣬ȫʩչ˲֮ͨʱٶȹȻ֮
һŨҴ̱ںɫһ󷭹Ʈɢɫһ£ڳ˷룬ʮ̴֮
ʱʮ㿰һ롣
޷һסΣʱڵ˼ڰɫһԾӨ̵۾Բʱ
֣
ԶɫʯߣһԵķİһȻһ˫ʮָ巨ȥ


830 ˮ
һڡۡзҲƵķ׷û뵽⯸
䡱һ
УöɫСΧһȦȻֶţγһɫĻǸֳһööȭͷСˮ״ģɢƵĵɫˮ
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Ϊн׹ȻСرǶʮͬʱ£޵ĻɫȻ˴󲿷ַУԴԴ£Ȼַն˿˿ѪЩҡҡ׹
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İˣȴһʾĵһٴȡǸɵСӣ֮һ׶
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ܰģҿϷˡߺٺһ󣬵һתȻһ˳Сᦣֻ糤ֻ̣΢΢һΣӭһ߰˳֮ſдʣڷпעȥһȥ
䡱һ
һ󣬵һһź󣬾ûԶϡ
ɫʱһһдѵıѶڡ顱顱вϵĻΪƵķӿ
ԼɼɫѣںлΪ𺣵ĴһȥҪвΪҽ
İˣϵ¶ı顣
ڻƳ˳׼֮һ£ȷԵġ
ͬһʱ䣬ۼ𺣼˲䣬ͻȻ˫Ŀػ棬һЦ
һݣδַӦʱеȻһΪһŽɫŵıѶҫ۹â;޴ĺϯ𽫸ȫһ
ۡһгɫ˲м۶϶ԼҲɫһ£ſһѪ
侹Ȼڷ£Լܴᡣ
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ͬʱİ󣬺һһӰӵһ֣һֻ鲼ɫƬơ顱һ㶴令ûС
ۡһ
İֻؿڿһһףŵĿԼ϶һ޴ѪȻտҲ

İһȵҪתȥ
Ӱȴֱһͽһ飬һֻȴХһһֻɫͷ˲ͽİͷ­ͬ澫һ顣
λȻȴʩչĻᶼûУ㳹ˡ
ӰȻǰ첻塣
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һһ㣬Ƿнɫֵ˲䣬İ㱻ֶλˡ
߲ſ׽ĻС

Ŀѣŭһɫ˲䱩žžĹǽը֮κȻǵ֮ߣһ浤ڵѹıŷ䵥͵һģĻӶ֮£ĽɫȭӰĿϯȥ


835 սңϣ
ɫһĻ˾֮ͨû뵽һ浤ޡ
ȻԷ޵ֶΣɼûõķˡ
ͷתȴ˿δͣȭӰ֮ʣȻһһɫḡֶ
˫һɿ˾ͻһĳ𣬽ɫȭӰ¡¡Ĵ·ڸϡ
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һɳʯ󣬽ȥϺȻһʮɵľ޿ӡ

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΢֪սСȻһֶµʱǴݣһٴȡǱڹɵСǰһΣ㻯֮ޣǰ
顱һ
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ͬһʱ䣬䱳󴦲һһֳñԷ
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ųʶ̽봢һɨ󣬵¶ϲ֮ɫ
ڲΪԴḻڣ˴֮гʬ弰ڶ֮⣬ʽ鵤ҲʤһǶѻɽʯִһҲǧ֮ޣνջĶࡣ
뵽˴һߵķİʬ壬вһ˿֮ɫ
һҲңΪķİǸ˵ˡ
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ҪĿƤѾõ֮ȻǾ췵Ŷˡ

ͬһʱ䣬̫ķǰŴȹ񻱳Ӱڶǰǻš
Ӱתʱ¶һžգŮ
ûŮһɫֻü֮䣬ƺһЩʲô
ǵǣįһ˿Σ
ԭΣ̾Ϣһзһ㷺һȦȦĵһģĻһɫâԶƮȻȥˡ

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ȻҲЩУ⹺һЩϡ
һص㾶ֱЫɶڵʯ֮С
ΪѰޣһ꣬Ҳֻ֪ˡ
һ̤ʯңȴڵ֮УԼ¶һֻƴСɫЫһ̷ֻͷ­
Ыͷɶ
ֻǴ˿̣߶ΪԭΣϰ˴
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Ҳոջ˳ǵ״ûдˡ΢΢һЦ˰֣ö
ͷµĴ鵤ϵѻָΪҲ˲ٵӡ
ͷ˼䣬߼󣬱תУһͷڴϣ˯
һ˳ţȻвۣǽƽҪĲ϶ռˣ˳;֮£ҲƣƲЪգǲָԭе۷״̬ġ


836 սң£
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սҵƷѾ˽һ飬ͬϲõһѪҽԣҪʱ䲢̡
սҵϣ޵ƤȻѾˣĸȴҪٵġ
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ʱ䣬նϹлӣֽķȫ󣬲ٴ߽֮С
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֮ҴŻ򿪣һɫ㲵˳


837 Ԫ
˵ĵһ佣ңұȻһɫϼ⣬ЩҩһԶȫ˽ȥ
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һкЩ֧ŲסˣߵԷ֮Уͷ˯
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ˣͷɴŮǰһϲͷС˵
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Ȼûжٱ仯ͷѾðҰˣ˿ûԭĺ
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ȡһöԪº󣬿ݽߵ麣ҲָһЩͬʱҲľңдѲ֮С
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üͷһ壬һֺвõԤС
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⻰ʲô˼ǰ㲻ǡȻ
һֱҾɡ޲TĿһۣ¶һ˿ļ

ʵĵͷ
ǰ˵ռһӡӡ˺ܶħ꣬ϸ˵ʵҲǱӡĳִڡ
һħ겻ͬҺͬͬԴǵ걻ȡеһ˿ԡȻ˱ΪڣȴΪĳԵ޷ɱֻͬӡСҲϵڴ鳤ڳ˯ڼ䣬Ʒ⻯ζܲٿĲܡ޲TڻԼ
ԭˣǰһЩɻˡǰ˵ֻΣ󣬿ЩȻˡ
һȫѹĻΪ޲Ҿͻᱻʱ϶αˣȻҲᱻ˸ɡˣĿռ䣬ֹ͡ġ޲T˵һëȻĻ
ɫʱһϣ˰βſЦ˵޲TǰȻͬͬԴɷ˺֪ߵϸĻ˵ҳӦ԰취
ҵȻڵʱܳ󣬴󲿷ֵļѾʧˣйһˣ鶼ֻһЩģӡѾ޷ĶֻԼǵãҵıһͷܹ߸ޣͨɲ⣬Ժɨ޲T¶׷֮ɫκҡҡͷ
ⷬģĻشȻԶˡ
ԭΪ鼴ʹգӦûǧʱģȴû뵽ھѼ˵ĻҪΨһ취Ϊˣ֮ǰ޲T˫ĿһĿļ˵
顭
һ󷢿࣡
Ȼ޲TļѾģؿռֲ˼ʵͲ֪жֲˡ
һȻУֻҪ¶ĻȻһ޲Tƺһ۱㿴룬˵
޲TǰʾһɡĿһ󣬵޲Tʵ
ܼ򵥣ҪģһڣͻƵ浤ҲΪ˵ĻǴõȵѣһȡ跨ͻԪմһغˡںҪ׼ˣҲǽ浤֮ϵġ浤Ҳ˿õġ޲Tԣ¶һ˿֮ɫ˵
ʮڳɾ浤һû¶̫
ʮʱ俴ƺܳҪ˶̵ʱڽ浤̸׵ģ
ǰһļٵ磬Ͳ֪¶ʿ
龧ᵤ֮·Ҫһ˵һɹ浤ΪһʵķԾĳ˵Ŀʼ̤ǿ֮·
Ҫɹ浤ǽƷ浤ǧѵġ
ǰڵƴ½˵ڵʿȻ࣬Ҳ̫٣ÿŻٶڣȴһ浤ʿҲûС
׺֮򣬾֪ҲһʰˣˣҲѾ۰һˡ
̫Ĵ̫ڣڻڵӲ֪ж٣浤ʿҲǷëǰĴڣܳΪһϣλԺ֮
ڳΪ̫ΪصشӣȾ֮һҪһ浤ôһЩܡ
Ҳ̫ɥһ֮䣬Ի᲻ϧܵһЩԪܵͻƵ浤֮޲TһۣԵԴһ˿
Ŷ޲TǰԳ֣мˡһϲæŲTʩһ
浥ԼĻʮʱ浤֮ûжٰյġ
޲TȻԳֻһ˿ǰһɲ⣬ضһİգŻ˵ġ
Ҳڴ˿лңҲ޳㣬ʱģպһɹ飬Ϊ˺󣬾ͱѰһߺʵ壬÷뿪޲Tɫ˵
ȻֻҪǰƿЩȻϤհ죬ʳԡֻһڴӦ
ܺã˵Ļҵʱܸȡġ
޲TƺĻش⣬ɫҲһЩ
ʱ䣬ֳûѯһЩص⣬޲TܻشҲʵ档
˽һ¸˲١
ˣ޲TǰйʶĻ챮ǷҲһ֣Ȼ뵽ʲôһ㣬Ȼʵ
֪ΪΣһֱо챮Ϊأƺʶؿռ䷨򵥵ģӦʲôС
лᣬȻɴֱʡ


839 մǵ
һֱ֪޲Ե޲TһƬ̺ųһµػصҲգ˵ʡϴɻ󡣻챮ʵǰһħ˵֮еõһ챦޹ϵǸħţһӲ챮Ϊһ塣֮ҲԻ챮ԼӼһܽɴ֮ռ䡣
˵ͷ
챮ôһǸħܹ챮ûʲôϵıΪһ壬һϾĴڡ
뵽ʱԼһαڼ䣬ǸԼġħˡڶ̶ʱڣͽֽԼĽ½ˮһ죬ǲ֪ʲôֶΣƬԼ壬˼ǣʦ˵̫ߣҲԼոĽߺ϶Ϊһ
ѵЩеħˣó֮ɣ
йش˱ʵҲ޷ȫյģ˽֮þ֮⣬챮ʵĿʵһ׼ѲԿףӦҲǵãһδ˱ֹɣ޲T˵
⻰һݣ˵챮򿪵ȹŹֹš
һΣʵڳʹԿףϧʱʧˡʹʱδ죬ʱڣôԿ׸ʲôôںʹ˱ص飬֪ûʲôôǲҪ̫⡣޲T˵ͣڻ챮ƺԸٶ˵κһˡ
лǰָ㣬һЩͷɻ󡣡
ȻȻΪԿס֮Ϊ죬ҲһתҲʶȤûٶʲô
ˣľͲ˵ˡҪľǣ׵ٵڡһ˯ܳһʱ䣬ܵĶһЩԱ浤֮ʱܹһ֮ٵڣֻȫԼˡ޲TĿĿ˵
ףزǰʧɫһĳ
޲T˵ͷ󣬺˼徹ٴαģǰʧӰ
ٶȻָտյǰ쳤һϥЩյָ˰üġ
һ˽⵽ôҪϢоԴЩˣҪúһ˼С
һǰʱ֮ſЦһʰ飬ȡһöɫ
֮мصģǽմǵ֮
һؿռԴʮ֮ãڴڼѧϰĶȻһмƻ
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ǰƵ鵤Ԫʹ˵ѶȼֱǴ׼Сˡ
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ѵõǣ˵ƷôȻη֮ЧͣǸ֮ϵļأҩ֮ǰմǵǿ
ǿʿմǵļֵȻǲԶˣȻƸѳ̶ȣҲһϵʦ̾
Ҫǣʸƴ˵ĵʦɵҲ͵ĿͶͲ֮𣬸޷ЩʦȤýմǵ漸޷ü
Ȼ˵һʦ䣬˵üҲһҪԭ
ѹֵѪӣڷʿҲΪһŽմǵͲϧԳɱ
մǵƹĺ󣬱һ֣ȡʮ
ŸһߣµǸ֮󣬴Ƭϱ㸡ֶ
ţһһз֮УȴһͨɵСҩ
ڰеһת֮£ҩӭ籩֮ߣ沼µƣȵ񶦣
ಡһ
ص˲䣬һ׼ȷУһɫӶ֮Ȼһܶȼ
ûãɫҩڻоӨ˸ɢȵϢһɹ˿ʼ˷ϯʹ丽¶Ȼ
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ۡһǷҩϿˡ
ˣֶŵϵһһ㣬иϢķ¶һСͨɫһȦȦϸСƵĹƬ
𿴴ﲢʮۣȴ浤ޣ½걳׵һƬ
˴Ƭ̺һУɫ׷˳˶ڣһ֣һСؿƺ۵ĿݻҲӵһɶ
ָһɫâһСأ׷С
жϣһϣȫһһɾûҩ֮С
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εڵϴ˿ڿʼڻ໥֮Ҳʼںϡ
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ĿȻһʮְָ㵯ֹһһķڿݺύ£׷˶֮ϡ
յ˵ÿһٶȺ䷽λ˿ӰճɵļʺƷʸߵͣаֵĲء
ǣµĳԽҫۣѾ񶦶УԶԶȥѾһ˶Ļ
ϣһɫʼ֡
ڣҲ˵ͳ֮ߺͣԵΪ졣
ɫľȻΨ˫͸ɫĹâ
ۡ
Ȼ䴫һƵı
ȴɫһҡҡͷ¶һ˿Ц
зһ͵ͣ˶»棬һУȵĶԶһɢȥ󣬶вһЩҰɫĿ״
ѻָ糣ˡ
մǵѶԶ鵤֮ϣȻûܹ׵һγɵ
еķϵϥ꣬µú󣬲ŵһץʣŸһԶһС
֮󣬴Ƭһɢǰ
ڶʼˡ

ʧܣ
ʧܣ
ʧܣ
Ȼ׼մǵѶȴϡ
ؿռ֮У伸ϵķơ
ʱ䣬ھϰٴʧܺ󣬲˵һöմǵ
ֳһͬһںɫͬʱֳһСĽɫߵ㣬Ǻ޹ɿԣ΢ĺ⡣


840 Բ
˵ȻֻĴָСȴзҴ˵ƹ˱ǣɵȴûа㵤ҩ²֪˿Ϊĳֽʿƭõļðҩˡ
Ŀһᣬ¶һ˿Цݣⵤҩǲôÿʶ֮ˣܹܵеĳҩһŻʵĽմǵ
ֻǾȲߣֻǿﵽңֻһöͨҩ
һ˼󣬱㽫öҩһն漴編Ƶһö
ʱǱ
ʱˮ
ٹһ֮󣬾ҹͣƣմǵĳɵڴﵽһɡ
ʮ󣬳ɵʿߵԼĪɡ
˵ʮ꣬ͨεƣڽƽմǵĳɵߵɣҾһ꣬żȻƳһһƵƷҩ
ʮ꣬մǵĳɵʴﵽңƳƷҩĸʻǺܵͣڵƷմǵһҲûгֹ
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ƳƷҩȡĲͬҪ
ӽİõһС½걳ףӦֻһֻﵽ浤ڵ½꣬ɫܺãЩҲҴææ䣬ڷڲɹģܹĳɵʺƳƷҩѾȽˡ
һգƳһöմǵ۵ҩ󣬾һ
ǰ񶦣ʱһɶڿеתһȦС
վչһ½ǣĿռ䴦һƳȥ
ԶɶЫԾڲŸԵͨ
ɶ˿һ޶ͯӣڰģѣ鶯ۻҡ
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ŻɫһڰںһȻһִݺײǽϡ
䡱һ
һҹı£ԭʵǽڻĸʴ£һ㾹ڻ֮״
ǽȻȼհ׾ףƺһʱ޷Ϩģ

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ǱߵĺɴŮЫƺҲע⵽ԷɶͣʾĽһз͵һߡ
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ЫһŤǰǽһָ
ͷɫСɽһĲӰ
һ춯صľ죡
ʮɸߵСɽ壬̩ɽѹһ㣬ֱӴݺײ˸ǽϡ
ǽĹâƾոֳһѺۣѶ
ãʮҲûиˡ˵ͷ˵
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ҡҡͷɢЩͷ󣬱ֱ̧ۣưʯ棬߶ԴԴϵȥ
ʯϵĻħͫһ
һֻ̣ǰһٿǰ֮ʱȴѾ˱һƬֵĻþ֮С
ȥǻߵɳĮ͸˿ʯ˵ĵɳ֮Уһۿȥޱ޼ʡ
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ʯ֮УЩվȡ
ģһ⻷Ӱ󷨡
˵׻ӰӿʼѾʮȥˣһֱûдﵽյĴԲ硣
ЩҲ˲پŹϣ֮ûдɣΪӰӰ֮ʱһƿ
ԲӰͶӰֻһ֮ȴԽ蹵
õдףӰԲԷֳӰӰʱһֹЧǱǿʼʵʻ
ֹЧͷ­ķ֮ЩƣֻӰʵʻάʱ޷̫ҲҪ漣ĿƲС
ôǰˣҪӰ̫߱ߵĹҪʹӱ棬ڴﵽԻЧ
˵ʵʻʹӰ߱һķԴﵽԼ֮Ч
Դ˹ǰ岻ѣЩӰս֮ʱ䲻ٰ
Ը߾ʿʱ׿ڣš
Ӱ󷨵ĴԲͻƣҪѾ޶ʱҲŹڱ֮߸һֱʽҪԭ
һΣȥǰƵҩѵʱ䣬ؿռ仹ܴʮ꣬ʱ仹ԣʶᣬԲ
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ͬһ㣬ӰһΧʯҲֲļΪܣҪʱ任һ·вײʯ֮ϡ
֮£ٶȴԽԽ죬һߡ
ͻȻӰһģȻģӰ
Ӱٶȼ죬벻ʱŲʯ֮ѵĺɫӰ·鶯һ㣬һͷ޾ʯ
ԽȥŭĿԽ󣬾ϵĻɳĴʯ֮У˾޴ž
һʱ
ʱ
ʱ֮Ѵ죬ҲʼЩ͸֧ˡ
ʯ֮зɳΪǿᣬʱ䱣ָٶУȻ󣬶ڲٶȵǰ£ͬʱӰʱ򣬶ԾҲһֺܳصĸ
Ѿ൱ƣˣ˿ûͣЪ˼ٶԽԽ졣
ҪӦӰļޣл۳Ӱ
ֻټ޵ʱ򣬲ŻᱬڵǱܣҲͻƿõķ
ʱȥˡ
ȻΪЧȻӰǿңңڣȴӵ鶯ˡ
Ӧ˵ѾӦֶӵĻڼУѧõĽǶȣŭ磬ûӭǰˡ
һ֮
ѾӦĻУɳԼӰӰԽԽСԺԲơ
Ʊ弰Ӱʯ֮תŲࡣ
εǣԾûͻƿ
Ȼϳ۳ӰкεӰֺ󣬱һ
֮£ֻüӴѶȣʯܶһͬʱ˴ɳ챩ѩ
ѩ̹ǣӰȻȷɳҪĶ࣬Ҳĥ


841 սϣ
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ͨÿյѵٴӦ˻ҴʱٿӰѾԱ֮ǰӵĵӦ֣Ӱʵ̶ȺɢҲԽӽˡ
ֻ۵ĵӰȴδܳ׳ɹ
ǣ޷˵ٴμӴѶȡ
ʱһȥһ꣬꣬תֹꡣ
֣ͬһɫһ㣬ʯ֮ĴУû˿Ϣ
Ծһ޶ӰӰǰ˺ܶ࣬ȫͷٶܿ
ڼ֮У֮£ͱ忴˿ˡ
վ˲䣬ǱʶΧĻ֮УУҲһ㣬ΧĻѽǶȡ
ңƺѾҪȥԵӰˣƺǣԼһһ㡣
ֻҪһӰ֮
֪֮Уľƺһ״̬ΧһƺЩ
һɼĸоֶ
ʶģһڷĺȻһʢһ֮£㸡ֳ˵Ӱ
Ӱ˲䣬ԭӰһͬǰУٶȣò˿
һ˵Ȼƺ˵ӰӰӦһһ㡣
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ָо
ӰÿһʼɢķҲһЩԡ
Ӱһ
һ̣Ȼֿľ֮˳϶ʱ¶˿ϲ֮ɫ
漴һ˻һӰӰԶȥ
ԶԶȥĸɫӰ۶ɢֲһ䱾ڣ
֮£ɳ۵ٶԽԽ죬ĵӰʱʱϣ֮ĲӰȻֻĸӰ·ǧٸӰĴɴһ㡣
ͻȻӰȻһգһˣվһʯͷϡ

ʱϵЦݣŨ˼֣Ҳһ˿֮ɫ
ܸоĵԲӰ󷨣ʵԴǿˡ
ΨһȱĵķҲԭ˺ܶࡣ
ȻȻ˷ѾԲֹͣ˴طһ˼֮󣬾ʱ䣬ͨ챮Ļħͫʵսѵ

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ǰȴβ֪ôĹһŤ赭дĶ˹ȥ˿δܣٶƺһ֡
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һΣȴûܡ
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廢һͦУԴӿ˹棬ɫìһȥ
Ȼɫì׹һʢƾΧʮֱ۴ϸ磬ױ㽫ĺһա
Ŀһзɿã廢ĶһȻһζ󣬾Ȼ׷һں£Ϊһͷ˫ǣצĺɫޡ
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ÿһ綼ֱ۰ϸкܶСķֲ׵磬绡˺˺Ҵܣ漫㣬֮ǰһоԻΪޡ
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ոջһĿһƳϳϵĸ߽׷оȻ˲ܷ
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ĿϹ˼£Ƭӳյĳޱȣ漴ֺܿɢ
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ڴ˿̣һӰӺ֮˳
˿ϻһһ飬ͷϵĺڷܶ඼ֱϵ·ҲǽһƬеĵط˵ðź̡
ޣ󾳵ʿʩչĸ߽׷Ȼסһſڣ˼ƺҲһ˿˿̡


842 ս£
֮ϣһƬɫâһͷţӰһ˻£һûڡ
һ֮ʣ߶˳ͼڵͨԭҪϵĴ󲿷׵֮
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ҶҴϿʮͷԴһʶʱ˺һŻָ˹
ڴ˿̣һɾ񲨶ǵʶ֮ϣһΣǻָ֮һڹһεĺڹһʮֻ˷顣
Ӱһ˴֮С
ֻǴ˿̣ɫЩס
ճǿд߶񲨶ԾļأûƵξ񲨶ҲĲپ
һеĻʶ洫ݹһɹɾľ֮ɫʱָһЩ
ȥʱҶҴĿ꣬Ѿǹ΢󷨲ҲȻʧˣⳬķݶ㵹ڵأʱܿʬ壬Ѫһء
һ
üͷһ壡
ֹϲʳʵҲͽڰˣ޷ͻƴ˵صĽƣЩԪȥˡ
һתʶٴɢӡ
ף
һɨ֮£ֲһ
һɵ˴ǰõ֮һУϵʯһƾץ¶˵һεĵؽڡ
ؽѱӡһЩЩµķģûʲô֮ȴܽ󲿷ʶ֮⡣
ҪǿᣬҲ޷δҲѹЩδܷǬ
ֻǵһһɫһؽŴ򿪡
аɼĵУһͯڵϣأԴſ־飬һ˫ͫ͸һƬ⣬ͫȴֳһ֮ɫ
ǽ𾦱ͫϸһ૵˵
ἰйؽ𾦱֮ͫ£Ϊ֮ͫУڽΪߵȵĴڡ
𾦱ͫи߶ȵĶ֮ĺȻԺŮӵ̫֮ۡ
ң𾦱ͫ߸Ŀ⣬ڹĿ֮һɣ¾Ĺŷɥ
ͻȻͯ˫Ŀ֮еĽһҡһ£˵ϡ
æַһɺͯ壬ߡ
ϸһ󣬷ͯǿпĿͨѪЩ⣬ûʲô⡣
ָͯ㶯˼£ͯ԰׵ɫΪͣͷһ˯˹ȥ
ЩתͷٴοܣҡҡͷӳͯѾûһˡ
ǧǰҶʿѪվ⵽֮㻹һ˿Ѫ
һ˿ɢһӣһɺӡ
һһζƬ֮󣬴һڣ
ͯһת׼뿪ʱȴͻȻŮöˣ
ЫˣѾ˽ǵҩˡüͷһʵ
Ыи˺ûͻƵٵڡЫĵ̾˿
޷ٵ֮·һƿͬѰͻ֮ǡ˵ͬʱһġ
һźɾһ֮£ΪһɴŮӰ
ЫտӡеͯݸЫ
Ыֽ˹һۣ˵Ҫ
ɽĹѾɢӿȥǶնɱˣʡĸ˴ˡ
δЫ˵꣬һģ£һڹ⳯ĳƿնȥ
һҹʱȥˣ
֮ʱӰٴγɽ֮£ɫЩƣˡ
һҹ׷ɱѴ󲿷ֵĹﶼȥˣһ©֮㣬ȻҲ˲ʲôˡ
ԼҲҪҲ޷ڴ˵̫õġ
˿̵ɽȾ䣬ԭŨܵĹƮɢ˺ܶ࣬Ծɻв·յĳһ㣬ٴλһ
վһʯ֮ϣ˫Ŀ΢Сٴνʶɢ˳ȥ
֮۾¶һ˿ɫ


850 ɽ
˵صڽħͷƷʱܵ˺ܴ𺦣رµİ˵ӡ֮ѶΪء
ˣд󷨽ΧĵƣԾɾĳЧΧĹٴ˹
ϸ۲֮£ַӡмɫʯƺԹһ֮Χ߸ɫʯƺķӡ֮á
꣬ɷƵɽϻһβЩȻ޷ģʱڲӰķˡ
ڵҶʿã岻ѡ
ף
ɫ΢΢һ䣬һ˹֮С
Ƭ֮վһɽϡ
Ӷȥ죬׵ӡ
ⶴбǷӡǽħͷڣ˿˿˿ƵĻɫƮ
пһٴα˫Ŀ
Ƭ֮һѨӶȥ
Ѩ֮һƬ󣬱̹ǣƵԼһĹ򣬲һԼĶĶС
ԾһƬȴһɫɳأа׹мǰ˸ȱʯ
΢΢üĿϸϸЩӨ͸ĺɫɳ·клת
ǳɳֻ֮زŻһʶɢǰ͸ȥ
Ȼˣ
ǰ⣬һʯһƬŰ׹ǵĺɳأߺһ̰˸ӡ֮Ȼ
һʶǰȥģ˸ӡ֮ϸֳһνƣסʶ
ͬʱһɹԹ͸ƣݵʶ֮С
Ǳ߿Ҳһ˿ӣвûнħͷǿԷӡõġ
ջʶ֮ϵ̾Ƹп
Ƭ֮𡣳ȥ
һӺվɽһ̶̶֮ףͬ˰˸ɫ
ʱ֮ɽһҵ˵Ĵӡ֮
ԭˣɽ֮һĴ˿ӣҶʿһһ˷ӡҺֻһͻƶĴӡȫѣҪˡǰľ૵˵
Ȼֻʶ̽һ£Կĸܵʣ˿ɷ֮ҲǼأҪˡ
ӡ£Ҳû浤ﵮȻҲƻӡġ
̾˿ͬʱв֪ΪΣֲ֮Сƺʲôط©һ㡣
ڴʱһźƴԶ۶ԣһաֳЫΡ
ˡЫվбŵǸͯڻ˯֮С
ĿͯһͯϢѾƽȡĿ̫֮ࡣƻҪ˯ղ
Ѿ˽ᣬ߰ɡ˵šĿٴοһɽ
ܿ죬һݹѸޱȵĴɽɽ¼ԶƿնȥĹ򣬱ʧʡ

ͼͣ߿ո֮£һ޴ʵ½㲻ʲôȻԴḻ˶ʢҲ
ڸɽ뷱࣬ҲǽΪԣڹȥУ˲ɼ仧С
Уĵ½˴֮һŷˡ
ŷڵɽǳһɽҶʶҲǡҲ½ɽʥء
˿ֵ峿ȥһߴǧɵľ޷壬ԶĳҰ֮ڣϼƣɺ裬·˼ɾһ㡣
ЩɽΧСݣ¥ʤʱܿһɫĶݹڸɽ֮䴩ɹһƬʢ¡
ɽΧһɽ֮ϣһžɵĸ¥ɽ¥֮һɫңдšӭ֡
֨ѽһһ¥ķűƿһµ˳üͷ΢š
Ÿ¥һΣһĴ֮С
ѣϢĿɺã֮Уһ۵Ӽæӭȥ
ɽ½еɽأ棬˼䣬ȻϢļá
¶һ˿Цݣϻһתʵ´˴ŷңҪҪݷŷǰ֪ʱԵɼ
֮£Ѿʵ峤ϽҪ²һʱûϾӼˡ¶һ˿ǸЦ
ǿǲˡԣЦһ
峤رԸڴ˶̻գӭסᷳˣҲ԰˴ɽһŵķ羰ȻȲ̫ɽɽеľŷŹҲЩɫġ΢΢һЦ˵
л⣬û֮ǰʵĹ买˹֣תǶȥˡ
ĿӰ߳˴Ĭһ󣬷ȡһ洫Ѷ̡˼һ׹⡣漴ֻظƽ
һߣ֮Уһ˿
ɽѾգ˵󣬾ͱӭҲѾŷҵĸ߲㣬ǵΪֹûмһλŷҸ߲㣬˵λŷˡ
ȻӴǸִ¿̸ǲеһ˿֮⡣
ⲻһֱ˼еԵɡ
ӭŲһ۵ŷ˹ڼɫĳһ󣬱̧˹ȥ
ò˵ŷӭЩӶǱ˿ĴӦǾרŵѵ
ˣٵȴտɡ֪ŷٻɽСǼŷȥݷһ´Ůһ˴š
ϾŷҵĵطһڴˡһʱҲû̫õİ취롣
ŴλŮҲǽΪʶˡ
ţܿص˿ͷ֮С
ŷΪ½İ˴ҡӴ˵ĵطȻẮᡣ
Ȼֻһͷȴ䡣ԷңĲη

Ҷͯ˿ʵʵڿУվһ΢΢Щɳơ
˵ͷߵ
ͯҶҴŹ£ʱûжߣԺΰȴ̫ð졣
Ҷƣ°ɡָָԵӡ
ͯԣ
ЩӣǴ﷢Ҳ˵˲٣ʲô㣿Ŵʻ㣬ѻ˵һЩ
ƶԸһжţ
ͯᵽӣɫʱһٴεͷ
Ȼ룬ҲãҸѡһǴصҵʦţ̤֮·Ҫ˵·ߣȻһͽΪõͬʱҲ޾Σգʱпɥͷ˵
ͯԣͷ­ʱ̧
ڵڶ·ǰ͵һͨķ˴䣬Ǵ࣬ԺҲΪãܿ࣬ƽȵȥ
˵Щ󣬱㾲ĿҶƣƺڵŴ𸴡
Ҷ죬ƺŬ˵Ļ
Ҳżһ裬һߺһߵȴ
Ҷɫ仯ãĿڼᶨ
ˣһ
ǹغһѡ񣬲̸Ҵ𸴣һҪգٶ࿼һ¡üͷһ˵
ˣѾĺˣҪΪˣүүʱ˵˵ҡҽҶҵϣ˵ϣʱҶС֮Ǽ顣


851 
ǺãȻˣ˽ᣬұֱӴš⼸գڴ˺úϢĿһɫ˵ߵϥ
ʱֹܿȥա
ʱԾûеõŷϵټ鲻͵ڷⲽ粻
ˣ
ſڴüͷһ߹ȥ˷š
һƢϳȹŮЦվ⣬ŷٻá
ԭλŷˣ΢΢һº󣬾һϲæڡ
ʮ겻ַɡŷٻһЦ˵
ŷԾվŷٻһĿЦĴû˵
λӲԽĹˡ˵ţȴһֹ
ԭҪȥݷöˣû뵽Ůˡ
СǰЩˣŸִݹŷңǰɡ˵ֻʮ˻۷ľ磬ٶĪŷٻ´ۺ¶һ˿Ľ֮ɫ
Ҳŷ֮£ǿһģӹˡǫѷһ䡣
ŷٻתһת󣬺ȻһЦʵιݷϣĪǽڵģ
´Ŀģŷ㲻öౣܵˡĳΪ·ʦ͹ŷǰǾʶŵڣ²Żðãŷǰ֪ΪΣһֱұܶԣҲЦһ˵
ŷöһۣһ˿֮ɫ
ڶĻ»ҪЩ۵ġ֪ŷҳֻҼʥʹôƣÿֻܶһΣÿҲֻܹһʹáڵϣҲΪ֮СŷٺȻڻ˵
ѵڸոʹù⻰ɫ΢΢һ䡣
⵹ǣֻǡŷĿ£ӿֹ֮
кμ̣˵޷üһ˵
ŷȴ΢΢һЦĲٿˡ
ʵǽ֣ʵǺ֮йصġԱߵŷٻһ¶ߵ˿̾һ˵
üͷ΢壬û˵ֻǾĿŷٻȴŴŮ˵ȥ
ֿ֪ɻǵħڵŷٻȻһתʵ
һ漴˵ͷȻǵãħڵӣʮֵŷͻȻἰ
ʮǰҲɽ˵ҲɣĿһ£ҲڡŻ̻֮ڿޣʵҲѾ˻۷壬һħһ֪֮Ӻδ̽ŷҽһ£Ҫס˽ڣҪӭȢǽһ˵Ҫ󡣡ŷٻ˵һ˿֮ɫ
һߣŷٴ˿Ҳһ˪ȻͬԴĴ
ת䣬ŷؾ̬ȣѾŷٻ˵ɲµ˴롣
ιŻ˵ûмǴĻŷҺħ֮ǵжԹϵɣλС㶼ŷҵĳɫӣǼȻϧλҲҪ£
ûԶĵˣֻ棬Ǽ߲ħ֮䷢ʲô˰ɣ֮һλλȨصĳȫƶ£Ȼĵͽ׵ˡŷٻһ˵
֮Щص˵ȻλҪʲô˵ɡ
ֵĴϻۣҲµˣǽöʮ񣬲Ϊĺ󱲣ȻҲֱӾܾ¡ʵǿҲĴ̫֮һʶϣΪŷǼףǽñ㲻ü޸ˣҲ˳µĽõڣȫ֮ŷٻ˵
û˵ָöӣ
ŷÿ飬һۣͬĵȴ
֮ؿڵ֪ʲô飬ҪģԹʵӦòҪ˰ɣ
ҲǺһڱӦֵʵҲǾġŷٻɫһЩȻ˵
Ǻǣٻ̫߿ˣжٱԼҪʲô¶֪ǿֲܴӦʲôġȻһЦ
ŷҶҪɵ飬ýָͷһҲǼ򵥵飬ʮа˾ҪðΣգһ˵ŵʲôġ
֣ǽʵĲ֪ͻƼٵڣѵôһҲðʵںһͬڵģǽòҪһڻᣬȰ㻹˼ֻҪǺͲ˵һֿԶҲܽõ屦ϵҲһŷɫһˡ
вĳ
˴˻˫ĿһУ·һʶŷһ㣬´˴Ůһۡ
Ȼղ֮Բ̫ȷҽõķθ֮ԡֻҪܹǽòü޸Ҷ˲Ա֤ȫ˵ΪȡڵʹȨ֧һıΪлоŷҵ굤˵Ծ֮ǣڽ׼ٵڿǴġŷٻһϽӿڵ
üͷ壬ûϴӦʲô
ɣǷŷ飬ȸҶȥһ¼ɡ־ڴ˵ٵϸʱ䣬Ȼ޼µġŷٻŷٻһۺ󣬺Ȼ˵
ҲãǾͶλˡһĿŷöһۣҲ͵ͷӦ
ŷ൱̫ŵˣŷþȻʱݼɼ˶Ůݲˡ
Ҫ֪̫˵λ֮ߣ˵ķݵˣҲ޷ʱݼġ
²˳٣͹ȥѡ⼸öס˵⻰Ů϶¶ϲ⡣
ٳ֮ǰеͯһ󣬾͸ŶŮ뿪ס
Ƭ̹ŷ뿪ӭ󣬲ݹ⳯ɽȥ
ɽΰͦΣƣɽ鲼ɫʯɽϵĲľҲ΢ϵλϢ
һ㹤ŷõ·֮£嶥һͨɫ޴ʯɵĴǰ
һɫɷΧֻһһӴϣ·ȥ
һϺڹ͸ڤתǲδ߶ȻҲ޷
Ƭ֮˻˴ǰĹ㳡֮ϡ
䵽㳡֮ϺǹȻʧˣĿ죬ȥҲʮͻأ
ŷٻôʱڰм֮ãƺһ˿ɫ
ֲؾţ˴ŷҵ´һЩս󷨡ŷٻн͵
ԭˣ´СˡЩȻɨһۡ


852 ټɳ
˴ȻŷҵҪ֮ɲֻ˽սƣ˵֪Ѿ˶ɱ󷨡
ڸոǹ֮УĲһ˿ɱϢһš
ҪϸϸӦʱŷѾ˴ſڣֻøȥ
ſԸվһθߴĻϴɫУһֳֵһһơ
һޱĵǰңңĴǳ´صأý룡
Ŀһɨ
ɢϢΪǿ󣬺ȻǻڵʿеӵͶƷʼߵļƷ
ŷٻˣȴһȡһɫƣһ¡
ϼ׻Ŀŷٻеϣ΢΢һ񣬶˵ÿ˵·
ĺŷٻеƺȻһģһֻŷٻеһֻöǳͼ
ŷٻƣĿ⳯Ŵһۣû߽ȥ󣬿ʵ棿
Ӵˡϼ׻е˵ĿתһȦϡ
ŷɫΪ𣬽ɽڣŷ֮˶һۣһȻԵ÷ˡ
ˣȥƫżɡŷٻԣ΢һ
˵̧߽꣬˴֮ڣŷٽȥ档
ϼ׻һۣĿһ˿ɻȴȴûǰֹʲô
֮һȣ̫װΣÿһʯɺ׵ɢһµա
һ·϶һﲻյлص˵ĽŲ
Ƭֻ̺ǰĿһͨ͸ó˵ǰ
һ߿ڣԱ߻һƫվ˵ĽǶȿȥ˿Žգֻ˵
֣ӴˣԺȥݷðɡŷٻ˵ôһۣŷ̧Աߵƫȥ
޲ɵĵ˵ͷͬȥ
֮кĴһ󼱴ٵ죬䡱һȴһ
ŷٻ˻һۺ󣬶ʱͣ˽ŲĻ׿ȥ
ಡһ
һɫӰƺűһɿ˳һƮ󣬾ȵ⴦
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źɫ˫¶֮⣬һŰɴòһԴżŭ֮ɫ
һϤʱ΢΢һ
ѩȹŮǱˣϻй֮ԵɳŮɳ
ŮһסΣһصĽŲ洫˳һɫƣ׵Ȼ˳һ󣬾͵ɳǰ
ŷٻӦһٻϡ
ԵŷȻͬȴһ˿ǿ֮ɫ
Ũڵüëһ壬ΪĿŷٻһۣĿͣƬ̣ٴǰŮϣɳ㵨ӿ湻ģŷǻߣȻֱǱ
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ܼģǰͼǱŷҵľڸ󣬼Ѿ׷ô֮ʶľͿ뿪ĪΪƾ輸ϷĲҶ㶯֣˼˴ŭһͺȺһɼغѹӿĽվһԵҲС
Ŀһ
ǰһ浤ʿɢѹ֮ǿԲκ浤ʿ֮£ѾһЩ󾳵İơ
浤ڴԲǿߡ
һת˼
ڻħͫþ֮в֪ٴֱޣܹ磬˵ѹ޷Ӱ졣
Ȼһߵŷô˿ȴǻʧɫܲסѹġŵš˼
ɳҲһף漴أԸֳһ˿ǿ֮ɫŵ˼һסΣ漴ֱͦˡ
˼ˣһ͵ʵʵɫֱɳ˫Ŀ
̣
ŷٻˣʧһ
ŷľֻ浤ʿǿľ֮۳ɽӽʵʵĹεĹ޷ɶϵ˺ȴھش֡
ɳƺû뵽˻Ȼ֣Ȼһ׹⣬͵ѳӴѹѹȣһзһǰâ۳һɫϵǰ
ȴЦһ
һֻ̣顱һɫϻһ㣬һ֮£㱻ɫ͸ٶȲɳ
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ʱۡһһֻŲĴȻɳǰ
ɫ棬ΪϹıѶڴֱ߽ʧ
ɫʱһ䣡
ֻɳǰ֪ʱһƵӰһֱ̧
ɫ΢΢һ£ת˲ָ糣һֻסɳƮ˼ʮɿ⴦վΡ
硭ɳһ֮ʱʱһ
ɳ΢΢һЦȴǰ̾˿
˷ʵЩͻĲ˵¿¾͵ǰŷҳϡ
ɳڹĮʶһҪ䵱˻ȻҲ޷ġ
СڴҰ˼ˣȴŭ֮Ŀе俴
ϣλ̫ŵѣרɽݷüġŷٻˣüһ壬ȻԽһ䡣
ͬʱŮһߵм䣬ǰ
ŶԭǸҪñڵĿһ¶һ˿⡣
ͬʱȴŷٵļɿ촫
֮Ϊ֮һ
ǰŷӣȻŷУҪٳŷҺħгˡ
һˣͷһת󣬾ɫƽķſ˳ֵ˵̫ϡ
ߣ̫ţôͷһŵӣҲŷҵļ£δ⵨ӴЩɣŷԣ˿
ңֻǺλɳϻ֮йһ֮Ե֪ϻͨµӣ֪λܵϣܷ˵ꣿ΢΢һЦ˵
ͨܣСʲôϻʲôʱͨܵġŷһʲôɫһĺǳ


853 ŷ
ͨܣ
ŷٻŴ˻ȵ̴ڣɳ´˲ͣ
ŷͬһɳ˼ɻ֮ɫ
ɳ֮ԣȴ̾һ˵СŮǲͨ£̫Ҫ顣ǰŷңʵΪѰҼҸҸҲŷ֮ˡ
ŷٻȻһȴɫĿĲ֪Щʲô
ˣҼǵǰ˵ʿû뵽Ȼǳŷ֮ˡȴЩȻˡ
Ҹŷ飬׿ڶԼĸ˵ŷӵܣҲһ뿪ϻģֱҵˡɳ˵
ŷ顱
ŷٻ϶¶ãɫƺû˵ֵӡ
ɫȴ΢΢һˣһƺ뵽ʲôɫת˲ָֻ֮糣
˲Ϣı仯ǱɳС
ǰܹСŮӼһ¹һ֪ҸȷϢŤͷߣپŷҰֵġɳʵ
Ѿ˵ˣŷҲŷҴطˣαػһֱִԲ򣡡ŷЩͷˡ
ܣҸ׿ڸ߹ĸף½˴֮һŷңǵڶʮ˴ĵ֮һŷ顭ɳһæ
ϷûҪƭ㣬ŷȷʵûд˼¼ڲᡣ½ڶ࣬ŷҲɽһңЩ뿪ȥطϢȥɡ˵
ɳ죬Ҫ磬ŷȴһ䣬һϷԾڴˣŷҲӭԱɣĪҪϷ治ˣ
䣬һ޵ѹȻһȦ
ŷٻûɳƺһٴκһ׹һסΡ
ֻԭ΢΢һκ󣬾µĳ
ŷĶ࿴һۣһ󣬱ת߽˴
ɳˣ촽΢ҧճǿһЦ󣬾ɫȻȥ
üͷ΢Ҳû׷ȥ
Ӵǰοɳ֮ʮа˾ŷӵܣҼпǣŷҵʲôأһ˽Ӳŷңǿ׷뿪ġ
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һڣһȣмͬµֶͯǰһߴڣѲӰȻѾУŷٻŮ˿ǰſڵš
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ŷٻöӹһŷٻ촽΢Ĵ˼󣬱ߵһֶˡ
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ɽ֮ǰŷҼҲһЩ˽⡣
ǰλŷݴŴ˽ŷвʱ䣬һֱǵ͵һòᡣ
ԭ̫ŵֶ˰ɣȻһ˲šŷٻĴ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ´ۣ΢ЦĿˣԴЩɳơ
ҲżհݣҲĻԵĻص
ٺ٣Ͳ͵ͦ˵ٻֶɽҪڣŷ豭һڣʵ
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ٶΪϴԲס֪ϵӦ˽ûԵɵģΪмλƿӻȡĻᡣȻԼܳñЦŷԶˡŷپȻֱԲֱˡ
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ߣ֮⣬ȽڸħСʹðɣ治֪ħ˽¸ʲôôʹΪ㣿ħһŷҲϣŵģŷٻҲԥֱӲˡ
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ȻǣǽãҶѵ˵ˡνĳϻ飬ǳд볤ϲ٣ֻСֳϵ˽¾ѡ桭ŷٻ
Ӵ˿̣ȴ豭ĺһڣ·ûһ㡣
ΣԴ˳Ǹһ塣
ΪǼ£ΪѱΪʣϾǰЩŻϣѿһٶʵ֮ǿԶ֮ϡŷͻȻ˵
ŶҵҲµġԣĿʱ΢΢һ
ֻǽҶѡŷֱӽԼƣȻüͷһ壬ɿתȦ󣬻ûֱ˵ϵĻ
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˵ɷ£ĪҲؾŷٻ˵
㡭Զʱһᡣ
һŴȻ޷ģһŴҪ˰֮ãʱ򼴱ˣҲԶԶûﵽԽˡ


854 Ԫ̨
Ż֮Уٻߵͬһ֮·ͬеĻǸֵʵΣҶĿãرԸǼֻͻȻֵֻɱģνǾӹΰǸƺһֱ칬ʹ߽ȳġŷٻһԵŷʹ˸ɫʾҪٳԶײԼ˵
ԣҪڷȴЦЦ˵ϺٻһƼһټʦֶΪǼ飬иĵҲͦΪѵġɣʦֶʦֶ˹һ˭ʤ˱ڵʹȨƽˡϾҵǼ飬ҪȻԽǿԽаյġ
ŷٻһϲת׿һۣĿ֮дϣġ
Ȼŷ˵ˣȻû΢һ󣬱Ӧ
»ᷢչһҲϡ
Ȼŷٻ˵޳һʵȫ֣˵ڣǵ浤кʿҲһսʤġ
װɡǰϾǳϻġŷȴɫһ±ѿתӹ˵
ϣϻȻȨСйأҲȨɵġϴħں飬ҲʱΪѾ㲻ö˵ˡҪǻλϲĻҾͺˡʱ䣬ͶհɡԣٺһĻص
ңȻѾ˾ȥ֪ͨɡϣλʦֶʱɲҪʧ¾ȸˡŷɫٱ˼ջƤЦⲻЦĴӦȻ󳯳һȭ󣬱̤˳ȥ
ʦֶĪҪ֣ϱƢӶ΢һͷЩ˵
˷ǰЩͻˡÿɷЦ˿쳣ûС
ٻҴʦֶȥϢǧ򲻿ɵˣ磬Ԫ̨԰ɡĿһۣת׳ŷٻԸһ
ģٻֱǾʶȻᰲ׵ġŷٻЦݵļæǰӦһ
Ҳٹһ󣬱ŷõͬ뿪˴
˶뿪󣬴һƬž
ϣḧαĿ䣬ƺ˼ʲô顣
ڴʱһӰϢһ֣ȴһͻأԡ
°ͺϳŨܵĺɫ룬ϴźŷһĳۣװӦҲŷҵһϡ
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䣬һ˿ɫâҶʱ˼žը죬ð˵ɫ棬ʹԭªӸ˼֮ɫ
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֪ΪΣȻǰģÿÿ뵽ǰ̵һĻбеһĲ̤ʵ
Ǳˣʱڳŵ֮Ի֡һ
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ƽ̨ɫʯҲǺʯɣӡ˲ɫơ
ƽ̨ŷҵƽʱд跨ĵطԻԪ̨


855 ħ
ƽֵԪ̨˿̽ʯ̨ԵվӰŷŷħڵ
ŷŷ˵ʲôɫ糣һԣһԲ
ڴʱȿһɫɫݹһ䣬ƽ̨
Ϲȥ¶һ۵ӣŷ
ŷһվΣ㳯ŷ
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ͷϹˣǰ˵ֳҵǰɽݷãҲֻǰˡŷһЦ˵
ŷԣмһ˿ޡ
ƽŷҽӴ˰ݷ֮£ŷ洦ġ
ںħ֮£öԷչ֮ʣ⽫ǰϢڸԾգŷ͸𼸸ִ³ϣиûм֪
رŷŷǶµضϢģǰԷȻڴˣȻѾ˶ͨ籨ˣ
λħڵʦֶɣŷĿһתϣرͷϵɫ˿ͣƬ̣˫Ŀһеʵ
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˵̫Ϊλô˵һЩ˵ȥˡŷĿŷһۣ˵
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ֻȿڰգһƬѸޱȵķɳ˹վһ۵꣬
󣬻ŽУȴŷٻŷˡ
Ĺ˱ƽ̨֮ϡ
λǰǰԶԶ㿴̨ϼˣȻʶӣԳ΢΢һĿһɨԱߵ
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ŷٻŷٺһͬݵĿһţͬû˵ʲô
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Ӧһһݣƽ̨Ͽա
һۣĿ⽻֮е漴𣬲ͬʱƽ̨룬Ŷ
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΢΢һЦĿâ֣ȴûٶʲô
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һӣɢһƵķأ¾£ԣƮ費ѡ
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üͷһϵĺȻŨ˼֡
źһ϶ȴ顱һɢֻһӰѡ
֮ǰԶһֶ˵ֱһһֻŹȭͷպȻ
Х
һڻͷȭӰֶУǰײȥ
ȭӰ̺ǿգǿҵı֮
ɫһ䣬ҲЩԾ֮ǿ󣬲ܿ˫Ѹ˼ɫɿһʢɫ̼ǰ
ۡһ
޴ɫסڵȭӰǰ㣬нȭס֮С
ţɫȻ仯Ϊһɫ棬̼佫ͷȭӰճ˻ҷɡ
Σüͷ΢΢һ塣
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ֻͲ֪ʱ˽һһɶߵľˣ¶ϸֳһһĹơ
⻹עĿģ۳һʮɸߵɫӰ沿ģ壬Կͷϳ䵶ǣףֱִŵƵȱ
һħΪģ˷ɢħһ㡣


856 һ
⡭ʲôħ
ƽ̨棬ŷٻʧڣɷף
ɫӰɢѹ֮ǿȻѾﵽ浤ĳ̶ȣŷʱϢʤһģ
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ǿȻǵϣͬʱֳ˼Ȳĸо
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ħħǴϹʱڵط֮д˹̥ϹʱڵһħһħʼħżȻáħ֮Ѱ˹ʧȥֵħ˵ҲǾž֮ħһĽڤɷħ֮ҲǼһ޳֮󣬿ԽɱСŷ٩٩̸ƺħ֪ķǳϸ
Ҫɴ˷ҲǼΪѣҲ˵ҪɷĪʹħ긽һؾʹųɵħ֮ʿܲסӶ»ɢϾ˹ڻδᵤ֮ʱһֻܹһħ֮꣬Ȼ뾡ܵĹǿħꡣħڴֻ޳ɹطӵҲʵѵáŷ˵ⷬȴ˵һԶŮġ
ŷٻԣȻɫ䡣
֮еŷƽ̨ϵΣĿ֪Щʲô
ŵĸԴ𣿡վӰ֮ǰӰԵ÷ǳСɫɵȻɣûжٱ仯
ģҴʱɱģһģٴЦһ󣬱ʥӰζһֳֻ޽ֱȻһͳ͵
ľ޽һģ֮£ƾջΪִɫӲͬķͬʱϮȥ˲ǰ·
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ˣɫһͳĶ˿ͻȻϺڹһȻΪĵһģһĺɫӰһĵӰ˲ɢֿŲͬķȥ
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һ̣ԶĵӰɢȥһȴһĴֱֻ۵ķڣ
ֻŷŵɲǹ۽߰ɣѾɵľˡ

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顱һһֻ˲䰴˴Ůϣͬʱһɾӿ使һ޷֣ͬʱߴĴżʤδأ
ŷٻһȴŷĿ⾼Ž֮ڣ֮ƺ˿Ϊǡ
ڴ˿̣ƽ̨ϣ֮Уһţ໽֮жȻһǺԵɫâ
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һ͡һѲ촫
ʥӰȻѿΪɫꡣ
ɫУȻϥأǰһ޴˿ڣѪ


857 糤
ʱû˿Ѫɫְ˿ڴѪȴ󴭴ľһʱ޷վ
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ɫһƬȻһ仰Ҳ޷ڣ޴·©һ㣬ѸٻָԭĴСϢҲ˲÷ǳήҡ
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֮УŷȴǳϵͬʱɫҲһ˿֮ϲ
ȻαУʤɾҲԤ֮ġ
ŷ䣬һӣһûƽ̨ϵĽС
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ԣԹĿһۣһﲻڿն𣬻һɫݹƿ뿪ˡ
һԹսŷɫ࣬ŷҴһӳ䣬ҲһϹĳ뿪׷ȥˡ
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Ŷ΢΢һЦĿֿ˲ԶŷϣԶԶһ
Ǻǣʦֶ֮ͨǿǳϷԤϰȻ̫ŻĵһŷһЦҲ˹
˵Цˣǳʵŷһ浤ӣҲǿĶɡǫѷ˵
ʦֶ̫ǫˡˣ˵ʦֶȻӮⳡԣԼȻʹһαڡȻڴ֮ǰǩ·ºһҪӦŷһſɡŷ˸ոշɹŷһۣɫһ˵
лǰԴϲæֹл
ڽ飬ͽȥŰɣҪʦֶ⡣ŷٺЦһ󣬱âһԪ̨һɶԶȥ
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ʱ䣬ŷѯ˼Ľ󣬾ͱҲٶͬƮȻ뿪ˡ
ʱԪ̨֮ϣֻŷˡ
лֻǵһ١ŷٻųһʮֳϿҵ˵
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λӲÿҲ˷㣬ڼѡȴһֵĻص
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ЩʯΪ죬ӦǶŮؾ֮Ѱõġ
ЩǲôУֻһ֣ȡǸɫУ֮һĴָСɫҩɢһ⣬ҩƢ
ĪǱǵ˫Ŀһеʵ
ŷҵĶŵҩܹϴ߽֮׼ٵڵĳɹԼһҡŷٻЩ۵ĿɫҩһۣԵ
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˴˵ɹ׼ٵڵĻִ˲١
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Ů߽֮ںΪϵǣֻһúصĴһ⣬ˡ
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858 
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һŷٻ֮ǰ˵ĳ䲮ǰˡ
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ܺãͣľ˳ţŷҴҪǿĶˣѹܹ;ͽ׵Ϊ߿ǫɫһ˿ͷ
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ףл糤ѡһһѽķץס󣬾ɫ֣صĹһ
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ڴ˿̣˵УȻųҫ۵ɫԣʯҶʱûĺ֮С
˫Ȼգ˿ƺҲоڵı仯ϣһɱĸоӿ˹


859 ħ
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֪˶ãΧ񱩵Ļ滺ȥΧ±һƬ޵磬ϵ˺ʹҲ֮ʧˡ

ͷðһ亹Ŀ漴øΪᶨǰȥ

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Сݺ˵ϣһֻصĲؿڡ


860 ٵ
һʹؿڴŴ죬оҪϢˡ
Сӣ׵ϵĵϾˣͣѾܾûгˣһ׶ĳª쵽ǰŤƺſˮ
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ڴʱǬԱһȡһ⵶һһâؿڡ

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ŷˣ˫Ҳ͵һϱ黹ѳֵסâ֪ʲô
׼ٵڵڶúܶŷҵĵӷ׷֮ͣ£ߵ棬ϵľ޴ƺ󣬷׷Ŀɿڴ
ƺ˳ɹ׼ٵˡ
쿴⡭ƺ󣡡
Ǽĸʦ֣
ܶŷҵĵӿ󣬶
һЩ浤ĳϿеǹ⣬ɫǳԾ˸ȥ
Ͽյ㱣˰ڻɢһ漴ָƽ
ɽһµĸ¥֮ϣŮԶԶķ
ŷٻŷá
벻ôͽ˼ٵڣƺҲЩڲͬŷٻԾ૵˵
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ٵôͻƵģǰţӦҲ׼˲ųɹͻƵģټƽϰɡŷٻЩɺ̾
ɽһ¥֮ڣŷңԶɢƣȴһ˿֮ɫ֪Щʲô
ʱתۼһ¡
һ֮ǰ׼ٵڵ˵Ϣɽŷ֮˳ȥҲŷҵ֪
һΪûг¶棬Դ󲿷ֵŷҵӻֻˡ
һգɽ֮еҴźȻ򿪣һӴл߳


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һ֮ǰȣûзٱ仯Ͷ֮䣬ȴɢһ޿״ѹ
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ͻƼٵ֮󣬱һֻ̤浤Ҳ˴ǰ޲TԼ
ڽ浤ȻӼޱȣ޲TѾŵʱһԻæƾն
뵽á
ϲʦֶ׼ٵڣԺ浤Ҳָտɴˡһϵ˹ȴŷ粻֪ʱǰ
糤ϣ˴ܹҳɹͻƣȫڵЧ򼴱ٳʮƿҲûаܳɹ׵ġæһ
ʦֶǫ飬ͣӦøһӦõġŷһЦģ˵
ԣֻЦЦûнӻ
ʱŷɽٴ߻֮С
ʱĴ֮Уһ۵ŷ֪ΪξȻҲڴ˴߽˴΢΢һЦվ˵Ǻǣϲʦֶˡ
ˡһͬʱҲЩɻûʸŷרڴ˹Լġ
˵ʦֶΪβʯ֮ж๮һ¾磬Ǳ֮أԪɱŨŷʾ£ɫͰ˵
ΪѾȹֻ̣֮ҪٻЩˮĥɣټռŷҵıˡЩԲ׼ŷĿģһһʮĻص
׼ٵڣܷΪܴ󣬲һףڵķδ̫̬仯ԹΪʱ䣬ʵҪܶࡣ
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ǵٻ˵һκʦֶżɽһ֮Уŷ˵˵ţһתʵ
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Щŷ⣬λŷ۳òΪױȣֻǡָЦ
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ŷٻ̸ֻ֮ʲô飬ټĹϵûдãﻹҼǱŮޡ
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ӰһϮɫۣ̬һǰŷ뿪ɳ
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һĬȻƬ֮Ϻ¶һ˿Ź֮ɫĿڵ֮ǰŷҵǰ²ԡǵõڹĮ֮Уɳ׿˵𲢷ɳ֮ˣĮѾΪȥˣɳΪλҪѰϢĪǻʲô鲻ɣ
˵СÿûƭֵͼֻǵʱĮ֮еɳ֮ˣʩչһִ۸ļǶΪҸѾ˹Į֮СʵҸǱ跨ͳ˹ĮҲű⿪֪һġɳ̾Ϣһ


862 
۸ļ䡭ԭˣǰôȥӦԵʰɣԣĿһ˵ͷ˵
ΪͼҸԼֻҪҸΪѰҵһԴΪ⿪ĸڵѪԼ뿪Įʱʥ֮УΪ˷ֹй¶Բʩ۸ɳ˼䡣ֻҸһȥδءɳû˿̴Ľ͵
ԭˣǰɳɳЩǰĿأǿϲɺذȻֺ֮ȻһЦ˵
ȷʵܺãֻϧѾ뿪Įʱ䣬ҸһҲûҵòŷңҲˣŷԸҡɳɫһҧӣ˵
ǰȻΪѰһԴӴ˴֡Ŀһѵ
δңҸѰҺҪ뷨ӡЩӣɽҲ˲йֵ飬ּȻ̫ڵӣ֪ܲСһ֮һ¼Ҹ䣿ɳϣĵĿ
⡭Щˡ
Ȼ֮ǰŷҴŷʸڷŷ鲻ŷҵˣ䷴Ӧ˵ѡ
ɳ֮ǣŷҵأֺϻĿйأȻԽ˷룬óȻпɲ֮١
ɳڹĮеĽ飬˵ȻܾĻͬЩ޷ڵġ
Ϊѵʱɳ̾һļ˵Ҳ֪ЩΪѣСҲʵû취ˡֻŷҵҸɣ˽ѵ飬־ʱ֣СȻмġ
Ȼɳﻰ˵˷ϣĳٲæԵ̫ˡãҾͰһɣɳȻ飬Լ׵˼׵һһڿЦһ˾ϡ
̫ˣִСһûݲɳԴϲһ
ʱ䣬ɳ㽫뿪Į֮ѰŷĹ̼˵һ顣
֮󣬳Ƭ̣쿪ڵȻ϶ŷҵĵӣ»ǵôŷҴʼ֡ɣŷһʡ
˵ţȡһɫ̣ɿĴϡ
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ĪǾʿʹõĴѶ̣ɳЩĴеİɫ̡
˵ͷǲ΢΢
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ʱ֮Զɫݹ⼲۶һ֮±ݹȥ¶ŷٻõӰ
Ϊߵæûü湧ɹ׼ٵˡŷٻ˼£漴վɳ΢΢¶һЩ֮ɫ
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ǰһһСӰȫһĶ֮УɫĴ֮Լܿȶ˵ΣȴһɫŮӡ
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͹٣䵱ЩʲôǿڣСȻȴİϵܷ꣬ġ»ƿֻʮ˾꣬ڲһʮֻģ
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ȥǡĿһĻ˻֡
»Ŀһۺ󣬱˫һСܵԺȥ
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ʱ»ƱŶ˽Ժһ䷿֮С
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ϾƵ飬ҶȥģŷͬɽҲʵľݵ㣬֪ԽҴġ
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ߵһԵһԣ淭һȡһ˲鼮
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һԵɳе˫ȴճȭиֳһ˿ɫ
ɳ鿴У̾˿֮ͷһţȻһЩŷʧǰЩϣλӵ׼ȷַ

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âֳ֮ɳӰ
Ǵ˴ɳվĹ֮⣬΢һĿһ˿ɻ˵
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Ǻɳˣ֮һ˿֮ɫ
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ʲôˣôɽׯ
ĿһǰĻֻҺڵΪʿȻҲû¶˿ĵ֮ɫ˵λѣǶ˲ð֮⣬ŷǰΪͨһ
ô֪ҸڴӣǾʲôˣһɫһȵ
üοڲűȽתЩʱɽȴȻһԲϵ
ж񣡡
䣬һҡҷֳһ״һߴз˳


864 Ѫ֤
סɫһתĶһ񣬲˵һԡ
λСð벻Ҫ֡ߺ󣬶ʮֿ˵ȴһ˿΢ɲĽ䱸֮ɫ
رŷѰɣҶðãðǡ۾ڻһɨĿ΢ϾȻҲǼٵڵʿ̬ӵģȻ浤ˡ
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֮ʱܴԺĴд䣬ԳһȻԵõ֮Уȷʵһӵĺõط
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ڴʱһӺ˱Ϯȴɳ˹
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ʱȴûиֻɫصվſڡ
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Ŷλŷ֮˱áԣȴһƺ̷˼֡
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Ȼŷ֮ˣǶλӵͷӣΪ£ĸȤʵ
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Ľͣ˴˻ŭ΢΢һһ˿֮ɫ
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һԵӦʱߣڷѾһԲϣԷͻֵģ
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ʶǰ꣬Դһ䡣
ǱԺִµӣʦֲϵҲ뵱ʦԺ֮ȡõһ֮ʱҲҲμˣֻδʦֱԹʦֽź󣬴ŲμŴᣬǿ֮»˵һѳΪƮԺǧĽˡˣ֪ʦֽǰΪ£ĪǡΪ˴ӣߴƺǸ¨ӣһͿӸû꣬һߵͯһתʵ
ӵĵӣֻͨɽԺŵӣͷ΢ȻһЦʵ
壿Ȼ˵ƮԺѾδյЩ츳ĵˣȻЩֻҪ̶̼ͻͽԺ֮ʱͷΪԺ⻹ӮøԴѲɴӱǡߴһĭɵ˵һͨȻʶʲôһ㣬Ŀ˾ͯһ˿֮ɫ´
ûֱӻشʲôһֻƣͯҶƼһġ
һϸ΢˳ƴҶڣֻ΢΢һһĸоϮ˫Ŀ֮ԼһƬĽâ
ͯнâһţߴӼ״ȴΪ˷
ʦ֣ûпλͯӵеĿ֮ͫ壿
ˣ֪ǷֱƮԺˣ˵ͷƽ˵
ȻɵǣԺˣԺǰҲִҲҪܷ֮ءϾֺĵӣԺԲһ£ȷһԺڶķѴԴġߴͯϸ˼ۺ󣬲ϲ˵
ȻԺ븱Ժڣĳʱٴɡԣüͷ΢΢һ塣
ʵ˵ֻǸִµӣǰڵĹأҲǿ԰ƮԺڰġɣʦȰŴӼƮԺλԺһ¾̰֮¡ſɺãߴһת󣬼æ˵˵
ţ´Ŵӻضȷ̫㣬ȻǾλʦܰһˡֻһ˼ҲڴӦ
ʦֺα˿ߴæڰֵ˵
Ҷƣλǰ㰲ź˵ģԺܹԸԳͿԼ컯ˡתߵͯ˵
λ˾֮ͯҲƶǶͷ
ʦ֣Сһｻһɷĵġߴظ˵ҶƵĿ⣬һİ
Ҳѹ֣˵庢ͯţǹһһʻܲĻǺôȻٲ˵ġ
ȻһѾףҲûжͣݱִµӣҶƼ󣬱ʹ뿪ƮԺ
˴һһ⳯ƿնȥ
ʱص˶֮С
һţ㽫ŹϣһֻƤһһɴЫ
ˣЫһ
˵ͷʶһɨһֻƤ΢΢һЦ
ʱķɶһֻƤк˯Լٻȫģ
ҡҡͷԸЫԼ󣬱һԵ֮С
Ϊȥһŷûжã㵢˴ʱ䣬»صڣڿ԰ĵĹһ¾ˡ
һ㹤֮С
ϥһ֮ϣһֻɫСƿ֮Уűƣͨ徧Өĵ裬ŷƷ鵤
˵鵤ЧҲ֮٣ٵ֮ͨ鵤ѾûЧƷ鵤ҲֻЩЧѡ
ڵʱ۵ľЩͨ鵤ƷĴУ˵Чԣͨ˹⿿ޣ°빦Ч
˵뿪ȥѰҲҲ̫ʵȽеЩõ˵ˡ
󣬱ָһ鵤У˫ĿһյĵڵķĴ
ʱոһչķɿ죬תۼȥˡ
֮ʱδˣһ굹ǹҲΪƽûʲôǰ
һգ顱һ죬ҵʯŴ汻ƿˡ
Ӱһ˳
佫ĵҩһգڵķȻ֮ǰ־˲١
˿̵ٵ糹׹麣еķɫâתͣӯޱȣѾ龧ᵤΪ浤׼ˡ


869 浤
Ȼ޲TӦʱ᲻ϧԪĳףȻҪԼϣˣɲ·
˼󣬱㳯Żȥ
һ̤˵нһһ⳯ķ巽ƿնȥ
ǰգͨѶյѾķϢǡԼҲչؽǰȥݼһ£˳һ³浤ˡ
ǰڲؾĵ伮֮ʱҲϸ˽һЩ浤֮£ȻҲ浤ν·ϵһҪĹؿλѯһΪ
һյĹķ嶥һ룬λ϶һ˱ǵ裬ʱϼڡ
ǰһźɫķӷε꣬Ȼˡ
ܺã˷ŷһΪ˳ٵƺҲ̺ˡԴЦ˵
˳ĽٵʦĿ׵ͻƴƿɫĳ鹪˵
һֻ״ӣΪʦȻϣʤˣҲǳ浤֮˰ɣ˰֣˵
ʦӴ˴ǰҲ˳ʦһ¹浤֮¡˵ͷĻش
浤֮£ȷʵЩô㡣ḧŪһۣͷͬ
ΪﵽٵȻףʵ˵ˣֻ浤ǰ׼ˡյ龧ɵڲ£ɹʿ΢΢ġ֮ǰ粻ͬҪʹˣҪڴ֮У׼ڵǱܻ浤һ˿
½ͣڼٵʮ֮ʤ֪Ϊʲô𣿡˵ֶһ١
һ˿ѻȡһ˼֮£ڻص
ֻһ棡֮ǰҪΪľڼΪյ²ĥѰһ߻ᡣһ˿Ȼף̫Ϊ½Ĵ̫֮һڶӱ׼ٵ֮ˣȻʲô֮вѰõġҪԭ򣬻ǼҲޱȣʮе߰˶˴˲ϡһ״龧ʧܣԪˣΪǻֱӵ磬˺ָΪȻʲô֮ʱҲҪʮ󣬲ٴٵѰǰľѳ̶ȻҲɱӣᵤֻӵã
ԭˣʲô취ܹ浤ļʣЩȻˣֽŵʵ
Ϊ˵һͻƿܹ֮ˣʹҲǲĪԵܵõġһ˵ڷᾧԽ࣬ԽǾ浤ɹԽġ鲻˼˵
ԭˣʦ˼ĪָǣͽԺһ૵˵
ܹ͵סįڷ飬Ȼ浤ʱ洦ġٺ٣ϧǴ˵Ȼ˶֪мܹסԼΪͣʮϰ֮ǰֻԭشĥġٺһЦ
ԣȴ¶˼ɫ
֮⣬Ϊﵽ浤Ȼ浤ʿȴǴǧ浤ûƷʣɷΪƷƷƷԼʮϼƷʶ浤һʮֵĹؼҪδ·;ߵĸԶƷƷ浤ãҲҪƷС½ԱȻ浤ʿȴЩһ˿޷ѰǿɵƷ浤˵浤ΪߣҵĴ̫еĻŵӣҲκβ˵ġԣ˺Ҫ·ɣһҪμˣ
Ӷʦ̻壡ĴӦͷȴǼת
Ȼӵг˵һʮŷᾧСݵҲһʿĶ࣬ҲھóȻ浤ġ
Ͼ˵һʧܣڶ浤ϼˣǽǿ浤ֻƷ浤ȻҪĽ
ἰԼ˵ĻþĥΪ֪ǻþȻҲûһߵ顣
ѰͻɵҪһЩԵУû޲Tŵڡ
Ѱҵͻ浤һҲҪѧλʦ㡱С
ʦ𣬵ҲһѰͻƵĻᡣһ˼ɫ֣ؿ˵
Żı֣ΪҲǿԣֻʮĴ֮ڶ࣬ǳţΪʦΪƼҲҪٽһŹ׵㣬ܽ롣Ƕ֮ʮգҲһȥʮδ飬ڴ֮ǰܶЩ׼һЩʵΪáԲδ¶֮ɫһ˼֮Ҳ͵ͷӦ
лʦ𡣡Դϲĳл
ˣһ£ڵشҪ㣬ƺǴһŶŽȡһǺɳпϾʱȥһˡȻһת˵
شϣǺɳˡһϻȻڴӦ
λشϣȻǵŹŻĻ۳ϣ֪ؾõǺɳֵ̫顣
ģȻ콣嵫һΪõģ˽϶Կ䶴콣ɽ֮У㵽Ǳһ֪һЦ˵
˼䣬ƿ̾ĵҩ󣬱˻Ϳˡ
ݱ󣬱ת뿪䶴һƽһжֱλڵ콣巽ƿնȥ
һ·ϣǡ˳·µȥһڽ֮¡
һ֮£ŵ֪ҪŵӻһŹ׵㣬һƷɽ롣
Ϊ˳֮ǰǷµİ׵㣬ĿǰҲѾʣ޼ȴǲôģĲ˵ʮÿҪŸŵӵĹ׵ʮ֮ޣ⣬ԻһЩʱЩ
һʱ֮콣һ۵Сɽ⣬һɫݹ⼤
һ˷巽ԲΧڣֻ֮һ󲨶ʱһŨ
ǰľ΢΢һ䣬ɽ֮һɸƻֺĻɫʯȻɼʯ֮ϵһɳɫ޽޽ŵ⣬нš
ʯ֮ǰһ£κ󣬱ǰĸһʯϵľ޽
һֻ̣һɹɵɫ·һָ֮͵Ĵţ
ڴǰţʯ֮ϵɫ޽ȻһһʯŻĴ򿪣дһͳԴɳƵ
ʦֶɣɡ
ǡ
ԣֹ֮ɫĴӦһʹ˹ȥ
ʯţٴһʮɳʮͨĻɫʯȺһʮĶá
شϵľס֮ĶҪӵĶࡣ


870 ڽ
ڰڷһЩɫʯΣǽ΢ЩҵӳһЩȭͷСɫģʱɢ⣬յó
ýһɫ֮ϣһ˫ĿյĶϣдʡ
ͬʱһɫСнĲϱ仯ͷͣš
С֮ɢһȴº͵⣬֮лճһֻСס
ˣȻҴţֻܾվÿڣĿתĿһĻ
÷ɽϲƽϡƽҪƺķִȴôܰ쵽ġ
յĹһɳɫĳ֮У֮
ǽŻͻȻ˫Ŀһһһա֡
е˫ͫһʢۡһɳɫһɢȥС֮һһŵĲӰ
վ΢΢һЦ֣ʾȥ󣬱˸һʯϡ
ݼ̫ϳϡǰһ
ʦֶ˶ʵһǰҪϷеһֽȡеİǺɳֱ˵˵
ѾʦἰˡĴ
ǺɳǲɶõϣϷѾѰãû뵽һ㾹Ȼؾ֮еõһ˵Ϸ㽻ǺɳĽҲйأһſֶͨνǺɳԪɽһ÷ɽܴµͨҪǣȵ浤ԳƽˡЦһ˵
ʲô浤¾ͿԼˣȻһȣҲʧ
Ҫ֪ԪɽһƳɽ裬Ѿ뷨ηΧΪķˣӴĪ⣬ܸǺǰ֮
Ҳˣ͵ķΣп浤½ԪɽȴƲܵ顣
Ĳ˵Ƴɽʱɢֲֿ⣬͸浤½ܹסġ
ʶֻ浤ϲܹƽ裬⼸Ҳǽ˽֪顣
ǰλش̫ϳϣȻ˵浤¾ƽ裬һ
ԭȼƻȻ浤󣬲׼ƽ֮¡ҲǰƳս
ϾһɺҪڽ֮зʮֻ󹦸ɵģʱ֮޷ʹԪɽǰ֮ȫˣֱ·ӡ
˴Լ浤֮ǰ㽫⽣ϣʵ˲ġ
˽֪ʦֶǷԸ⣿Ϸȣ¾ǿ㡣ûֱӻشʣ˵
ӵȻԸ⣡һΣֻһ˼̹һڴӦһֽ֣֮ȡһɫõʯ֮ϡ
顱һɫصʯ֮ϡ
µĵһץвһΣϤϤɳײͬʱڡһɿ֮һ貵ǹɢ
ִӲ֮ȡһЩɳдŪ£ǰϸĲ˫Ŀ֮Խ
ȻǺɳû
ӼϺ󵱼ЦͬʱȡһֻɫСƿһߣָһ
һɫϼϯ֮нһһǹӲлķ·һľ˵ɫСƿ֮С
Ƭ֮󣬻зһͣһĽɫСƿкĵ˵ͷʣµİǺɳݸ
˫һĽӹʶɿһɨ֮ȷʣǺɳ󣬱СĽٴֽ֮С
ȻϷǺɳΪⱾ㽻ˡ˵ţ֮óһ΢ЩƵĵɫ伮׸
лϣ
ֽӹ伮ִַһ£д󲿷ǹɽϣһЩּ··żȥûãһЩĵñע
˵伮Ҹݶڻͨɣν֮ǺڽԭԪɽ֮ϣҲҪƳɽ֮󷽿ɽУǺɳͨϣеİһ˵伮֪⣬һ㣬˵Ǻɳ֮ԪɽԻûǺ֮Ҳ̫֮࣬»ʵ䷴Ӱ˷ɽԡϷƣֻʣǰʮ֮һˡƽ֮£ȥؾһЩص伮֪˵䣬תúһʯȥ
̫ϳԣӽǡȻͷ
㽣ʲɻʲôڽ⣬ҲʱҡˣҲЩˣˡԸһ󣬱˵Ϳ͵
л̫ϳϣһϲҲҶͣ伮֮󣬱ʩһ뿪á
߳ϵĶĻɫʯűٴλĺϣʯ֮ϵɫ޽ٴͣųһ͵Ľ
ʱֻ佣еս֮һ˿΢΢
û뿪ǵḧ䣬ɫһһ֮ӽмʯ֮ǰ
ԼĪ˰ӵʱ䣬ʯ֮ϵɫȴֻսųĵɫ͵ײţȴûзʲô״
һʱҲͷԣֶ˽ָͨųһν̽Ծ޷еֻεҡҡͷɫСһնͬʱһߣһƣԼƿնȥ
ͬʱڵĶ֮УϥаֻɫСƿ
ǰֻӵԪɽЩ⣬û뵽ʯϵĽƣȷʵСҲķɽδƳɽܴﵽ˵ȳ̶ˣûм콣ר޽ȴЩϧˡ
˼󣬱㽫еɫСƿ֮У˫ĿһգϢ
һʱصԼĶ֮С
ѶһأϤ󣬱ٴһͷԽУȲȡӽġǺڽ伮ϸж
ʱ֮Ž伮һߣüͷ΢΢һ壬¶һ˼ӡ
ݴ˵伮ļأڷɽǺɳӣֻѧ伮һֶصںýǺɳһ⴦üԪɽ֮мɡ
ķһɣ޷롣
ǰλԣǺɳķ٣ֱӰ쵽֮ɽͨΣķ࣬ǳ֮ᵼ·ɽɢӰܡ
˵ʮ֮һҲֻǸŵķǷǳȷҲʵЩͷۡ
Լûħͫзƣ׼ȷǺɳҪʵ
һˣԿٴϸķеĵ伮


871 ս
̶֮ѾýǺɳ߰˰ˡ
Ϣһգָ״̬һ漴㽫ע麣еĻ챮֮С
Ƭ̺
һƬɵĿռ֮Уϥǰһĵɫ󣬷֮ϣһѶ߰˴糤Ľһš
룬һ㵭ɫĻ֮£һͨİɫ׼ĴԼʮ֮һǺɳ
ǹӲڻ·ǳһڷ֮С
ʱɫһһϷսȻţһɽɫĽһ£ۡһֱû˽ɫĻ֮С
һĻˣ
һǹɳɫŴӲ֮һڷ֮γһС͵Уһûֻ֮һǹɵСģ
нĲͣ任ڵɫĽ֮£Ǻɳϵı仯״䷢ǹҲԽ
һյĹɫĻ֮£ǺɳһȭͷСɫɳţͣŵ⡣
Ӧòˡ
һ󣬵ֳɫһ
һϵĽɫĻһһɫɳšۡһһɳֱ֮еĽ𽣶ȥ
ͬʱн𽣲ͣĲһ֮
š֮͡ϴɫɳһɫС߲ŽɫϣƬ֮ɫСС
ɫС֮Ҳıû

һ㣬ͬʱһȭͷСĵɫĴһ¶֮еһת󣬡顱һӡ˽ɫС֮ϡ
ʱɽϰⲻͣ˸һ㻯һƵ˿˵ɫķ֮С
״¶һ˿Ц⣬һУһС
ϸϸĴս˽֮ϣһȭͷСķɵŵ⣬û̫Ĳͬ
һ̣һӣ𽣵ֶһ߰ɳĽɫ糯Զһɸߵɽ弤ȥ
¡¡һ죡
һâӷ嶥ֱɽȻ仯һ޴ʯ̮
΢΢һЦ
˵ȫעԪɽ֮У߼Ǵ֮ҪƻһɽҲǲڻ£˷Լֻһķܽ׾ٵĴݻ٣սǺɳ֮󣬲Ǵ̶Ȼǽ֮϶˴ȵ
ãʮ֮һǺɳûдﵽļޡ
ʱ䣬˫ĿһգĬĬĻ֮ἰͨʹ÷нʼͣı仯
֮һ֮һɫӽϵĵɫ֮зӵһſϸСɫɳͬһ㱡ɫĻһ㣬ѽС
Ŀһ䣬ֳɫɳһָһεĽ˲ꡱһײ˷ɽɫɳĻ
ɫɳĻ΢΢һ֮󣬱һתεĽ·ţ뺣һʧˡ
һĻٴδϲ
ݵ伮أǺɳĻԵֹ˺ԱԪɽԵ֮ʱ𽵵ͣͬʱ伮֮лἰǺɳԪɽͻָٶҲǻɱӣֻһ޴ӳԡ
һյ֮һ˿ƣɫ
˫Ŀһգһ£һ֮һ̱뿪˻þٴλص֮С
վſеһ޴ʯ֮ϣ˯
Ժһʱÿ춼þ֮УϵĳԸıսǺɳܵĲ졣
ֲиķ֮ʣǺɳԼĪ˾ŷ֮һպʹԪɽܿԷӵҽҲܵӰ졣
֮һ죬ڶ֮УһɫɳͣתͻȻһ£ֻһϸ˿˿ݺύҡ
ѾǺɳɹշɽ֮У߶Ҳʮֵ
ǺɳԻûһۻҵɳԸŵ˵ߣսԣŻһ˷ʤҿԽɳתһɫɳʹշɽܴ˵ޱȡ
ϲ˽ǺɳɹԪɽ֮УһЫһЦֵĹص
нһ䣬ɫɳ֮һ֮ͣ󣬻ûһ˿˽ɫС֮С
ɫСһ֮󣬱㼱ü֮䡣
ֻǵһҪġЫһЦͬʱֽĽ֮ȡһűɫɫҩǿƷĶ
ˣƺǡС׽緢ֵǿŵҩЫˣɫһ˵
û˵Ƕƽıر֮ɶдĹؼʱ̣ڴ˴Ϊ令Ҫȥһˡ
ЫԸһ֮󣬱㽫Ϥ뿪˶һһƵƿնȥ
죬ȫУķʣȫ׵㣬йؽ붷ĵ伮˸飬ǵõϢȴǰ֪Ĳ࣬ڶʹãȴֻм仰ơ
Ҳǣ⶷Ҫ󾳽絤ʦƣҪĲһƷԼһԵɺС׽֮еõһöҪӴ˵򲻿ܵġ
ûд˵ƽҪԼͣĶǧβɣҪѵʱͼѳ̶ȣƿô޵ֹ̾ˡ
תһ󣬵ȥݷһ콣λϣѯһ´¡
뿪˲ؾһƵĳϵĶƿնȥ
һٷĹ󣬺ϵĶ֮Уһɫɳ·һХ
ɫɳ֮͸Ľɫâ͵ͳ֮Ԫɽ
ǡôĿǺɳķԪɽ˵زʵסϷҲܹŶѣϾǺɳȲҲҵ޶˵ĻӻͨķɽЧġһԵĻ΢΢ͷ˵
̫ϳˣιǰս⣬һ»óָһġнһͣһС
ɫɳһɾ͡ɳɳȫ˷ɽϵķУôڰ΢΢һ󣬱㼤ĽС
Ŷʲô飬˵ɡɫһ˵
ڽĽ׷Ӳص伮˽⡣ǰѯʹڶ֮¡ޱĻش
Īдἰɫ΢΢һ䣬Щķʵ
ˣǵӵһ񣬸ⳤƶʶ˽һЩڴ˵ҩ֮£˵ƽ裬򺫳һԴĻص


872 Ͻɽ
Ŷԭˡ˵Ҳɣ㸨ƵǿŶӦǸһλش׼ģӳ˲ֹһöȻ⶷֮£ϸ˵һºˡԪɽ׳ɽ裬ҪǧβϵĶǧζ֮Ķ뾡벻֮ͬ˶öԷĽĥԪɽĽԣһĽҪɽĽף꣬ҪǧʱĲ϶ϹŽޣͨƶɵļɽĵҩ˵ҩͨɢĽһΧڵķɽ⣬ƴһǧ֮󣬷ɽȻȻͽ׳˽衣ӺޱĻ˵
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ƺǲµжȴӳģȻĸ˵ʲô
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˵ţһ̧һзеһת󣬻һȭͷСƣС
ĿһɨƣƱкɫתŵһѾ쳣ĴСɽͼ
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ϲɿĽֽ֮УٴγϹһ
һ㣬Ԫɽ໥֮ʱǽתĹȣ·ڽ䶷̫Ƶ˷ɽԵǿɾǵòʧˣҲûгֹɫ΢ѵ
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ٴΰл󣬾ʹת뿪˶Լɶݶȥ
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Ҫʼ𣬲֪һΣ̫м˻Ŵ뿪һ󣬾ͻı˫Ŀ
ʱ²;УȻ֪˵ĶԻ
ʱ˼й֮Ե콣ӣĴһ¹ڶϽɽϢ
ϧЩΪߣ˶Դ֪٣ֻ֪ϽɽὣڣҪŹ׵⣬ˡ
Դˣֻһµȷһ¶ϽϢ󣬱㿪ʼһ׼ˡ
һ磬һֽ֮жֱ콣ȥˡ
һʱ֮콣һСʯǰһ۵һ콣ӷΣø߸ݵ꽻̸ʲô
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Щ¶ףʦȿһ
ŲæĴͳһöŵƣ˸ꡣ
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֣ص˵ͳһŰɵķݸ
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ӹ֮󣬱˸ֱ꣬ʯݣӺһĶСĿյ֮ϡ
յ࣬ԼһͷֱһŵɫâԱߵһʯɫ֣ϡɱǡϴءֱһŵĴͷдšὣڣ
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һ̤뷨֮У֮ͻȻһȦɫϼ⣬˲С
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Ĺ󣬵ٴȻ˫ۣȴԼѾһƬ޴İɫռС
ռһͷһǧɸߣһ۸Ļɫɽһ޽Զ
˫ĿһУһ󾫹󣬲ŽԶɽ˸
ֻ⿴ƹͺͺıֱɽϣֺȻ˸ָĴСɽ
Щɽ̲һĹ¶沿־ͽӽ̵֮򲻵һߣд󲿷ַɽѾȱȫ滹ɢŵ⣬޹⣬ȻѾڶϽɽЩͷˡ
ɽĶˣһƬɫĹηҫ۶Ŀһɫķɽɢ⡣
ֵ˲䣬ɽϵвнһ㣬ͬʱһ΢΢˷˽֮ƺЩ֮ơ
ͬʱɽһƽЩϻƮ϶µĳռ֮Узײ
佣Ҳ΢΢һɲǣӡԪɽȻҲͬĴ·ЩӦһ㡣
ϽɽȻ鴫
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ףͻȻɫһһھķһģǿеĽԪɽѹס󣬱˫͵һŵصĳ
Ƭ̺ͻΪһ˽ӽ嶥λãһƽ̨֮ϡ
ݹһƽֳ̨Σ䲻Զһ鿴ȥЩͷĹʯ
ʯһԽһɽʯ֮Уֻ¶һĽɫԼߴλôĽϣдĴָָڴСȱĿڣ֮ǲȱ˴롣
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Щ΢⣬۳һĽӰÿһ˴֮ˣЩнĻԻͣ·ͷһ㡣

ϸǰʯ֮ϵĿ֣Ȼ΢΢һ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ǰԶԶɫɢĽԼЩϤһֲȻ˽ǵڱù֮УӰ߶Ǳɫɽ
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ͬһʱ䣬콣һ֮Уһͷڣö˶Ľϥǰ֮еһɫĻ
ȺϼһǣԽԽˣֻһٵСɽǺɳұһɽϬ٣ʱƽЩ֮ˣƷĶһƲסĻ»Σա˲콣ĵӣֻܿԼ컯ˡ
˼֮Ȼĵһӣһһ˰ɫĻ
Ļ淺һ󵭵󣬡ꡱһ˵׹ɢ

ʱϽɽὣڣеϥͷ֮жĺ鲻ͣĻ䡣
˫ֲͣһʮϼΧ׷½֮У֮Ĵ󲻶ʱķƹƹҡĵĦ֮
ƷĶǿڼĶ̶Ƭ̹֮УѾ԰ټƵķɽԼ߷շɽҶһš
ķɽ֪ǺԭȻ֮л⵹˿
ЩɽɽͽףĴڣ԰ټƵһӵϣȻսϬޱȣ˳ս֮£Ҳ޴мܡ
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ľҲŷɽĲϼţӵлʶҾԶͬ׵ҲгԲ
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Դε̾һ󣬵һУɫɽһնɽ漴ಡһĽ֮С
һߵḧң֮ȥͬʱһ̲ҵĵڵķעͷĳͼ֮У˲佫伤Ϣһ󣬱ɽ֮һ͵ʯһȥ
Ȼϣʣµ߰ʮɽʧȥҪĿ֮󣬱໥֮
ʱ֮ЩɽĽֹͣһķ˶Ͻɽ֮Ум޹⣬Ѿķɽ˵ĵһء
Űĵ˫Ŀһգʶս֮УϸĹ۲ս
ʱսȻֹ̫ۣǰЩСѿ֮⣬֮ϣݺύĹλۼʤ˵ЩشˣҲʮ²ָܻ
Ҳǲż
˷ʧ򶷽ʹûܿƺôһ϶Ҳڻþ֮ģһ¶ʹá
´඼Щͽ׷ɽ֮ǽɽϲĥɽһٿزĿɱ֮ġ
ڽ֮Щҩ󣬱ԭϥָ


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߿֮һĽɫ⼲ۻ׷Ľâȥ
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һ̣ǰʮ֮Уһ㵭һɫĽٴδиֶ顱һһâһΪ
ɫɢȥһΪصĺɫॡһĵ˵ϡ
һɫâ·֮͵һתһֱֱɫײȥ

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ʱѾƬɽǧнϤĥһ飬ЩнҪָǰĽʮأǲˡ
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ʱսɫ֮ǰȴǸΪ˼֣ҲɢĽ̺Ľ⣬ǿ˲һ㡣

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˽٣ڣд棬ʶʹΧɽҿ
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㻨һ£Žս޸ãٴɽˡ

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ʯдɫķɽСɲ½ǧǰһ콣ڳµԪɽ
˽ܼ󣬵ʮ㣬ѪԣѪ˿ԼԦֻýԭⲻϽɽ֮С
˽һͨīԶԶȥŵ⣬Ʒǳ֮ͨԶ
Ǵ˽ǧĥԻɢ˲٣ܷܲ㶦ʢʱڵİٷ֮һսֻҪһ֣ͻᱻնΪء
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ڴڼ䣬սеһα˽һն֮£֮ϳһѿڣأ䲻òսջ֮á
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Сַȥļһ󣬲ĵͷָһ㣬Сһģ»ΪԲ״󣬾С뵽ս֮УȡһƵĵɫ˽֮ϡ
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879 ǧħ
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ڴŮȫûиоϾ̤ʽһ𣬴Ůǽ磬һ·ƴ졣
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صңȡ˸˶ͷ֮ϲ
֮ݲֶ࣬йǧħĸ鱨Ʃ˳ѧʦкˣֵĵطȵȣصĶһЩɢɢƬΡ
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۹⿴ףӦĳֻ浤ڵ½ıף˴һ飬ҲҪǧʯ
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н˸øͣѤ֮·ĵϣ֪ʱһ⣬ͷҲһ˷·𱻹ؽһ޴Ľɫ֮С
ڷеַһߵסΣȫں֮Уʣ͸ϺȻ˿ûС
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ӰһӰ˵ɫԱߣһ̧֣һʸ״ײ˵Ľɫ֮ϡ
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ЫȥȻһĻһɫ⣬ƿնȥ

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˳ռʮֵĹǳرٷ羰жʮɸߵľ޴ǽȫɫʯשͣԶԶȥǳر·һıһںߡ
¬жţһͨĶʮɿǺӣΧųǳǽһܣˮڵףаӿȻ沢ֻˮѡ
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Ļʹռ¬ǶһĴСһĹ͵ŵĴСȣһ滨װε԰ˮأüʹڻʹס̫͹Ůǣϴ·ĿЦ顣
ҹʹ֮Ҳ岽һڣʮһڣʱдżеѲӣ䱸ɭϡ
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ͬʱҹ֮âҫ۵Ķݹǹ֮⡣âɢȥֳ쳤۵ӰŮɢϢʵΪҺкϣΪһӻ׵ߣΪǴﵽ˻ڵĵز


886 
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ȻҲһʿ壬ڻλϵĻʵۣһᶼûзķӵܵΣƿߣҲǼĸ߽ʿǣĻײ¶档
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ǰԣȷʵЩƾ仰˵а޻ûɣΪѵġһɵġߴ߻˵⽫桱˵Ľ˼֡
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Գʧ⼸꣬н˲񣬽նɱ˶λ浤аޡ
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ڵ֮еɧȻǺ֪飬˿ѾŴֱۣ뿪ɽ
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ΪܸߣһҲҺкڵڵӣȴΧĻΪһ壬ѷټһеܵвʱ綾Һ׵磬һּΪѲˮĸޡ
ֻгĿˮĸڲпϵƷʵĺ飬ռһٿҲǼΪѵ顣
ЩȻΣգⲻ֮ԻҪԭ򣬾ָ˾ʡȥȥѰҵʱˡ


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ķӦ˿û⣬ֻԹԵ˵ȥԴ̫ʱϽ汻֪ʲôԵÿһֻأ½֮Ľ֮ᱻһ˽ڶŴҲôǧѷĻᣬø֮ͨϽͨ
оȵͬʱҲµ˺ݣûв죬ȥ
ϽȻֻһкдĵرΪԪԶ˽ԵʣҲв˽;˽ǰǿĴкͷҲˣܹͨǲһ˵ӽѼֱرһЩ࣬ͨйصǾܷŹġϾȻԵеĴԵ̫Ϊ½Ĵ̫ڣȻҲڴ֮ˡҲѾʼ׼ĸ߲ҲѾڽܹĵɸѡһЩӢӣ׼ϽȥҲòµΪʦٻԭˡص˵
ΪֻŵӽȥѰǲشǻ󣿡סеĲ죬侲Ŀʵ
һͨϽͨҪķѾԴڽ֮ƣÿͨܽȥͽߵΪܵһƣΪ޶Ϊ浤ΪԽߣȻȫԴһЩȥӦԽ٣ѰļҲԽ͡ԵģΪԽͣϽͿԸ࣬ѰļҲ٣һԣһ浤ӵԻʮڵӵĽ롣Աľ飬ǲһ浤ӣʮΪ׵΢΢һЦ͵
аͷ˰ȷʵܺ
ϽȻΣ֣УһЩָԽȻֿȡΪʦ֪ɽ嶼ټ˲ٽܳӣޣҪɸѡȷеѾָǰġ˵ЩԵ֮ɫ
ǣӶȻʦʧһת֪Լ޷ܾ˴Ҳվ˵
ܺãΪʦ֪㲻ñʧġ˴Ͻ֮УĴ̫ڣԼȣǰһЩûͨļҲ󶼻ЩˣѡӵܼĶУһͬѰ⣬ʷأϽл½ǿ֣߳вڶħ˳֡ɫصĶ
壬ħˣԣһ
ϾʱĴ½ħ½½ͬͷͨġԴпνΣأᷢ˭Ҳ޷ԤϡʵǿϾ浤ͬҪСĵģΪʦ͸һЩ֮ҴţԱʱ֮衣˵ţâһһ׸
лʦ𣡡Ľ˹ʶһ֮̽öӨ͸ķһɫƿ
һƿеĶҲ˵öɢϢȻǧħʹùŲƷơ
öƿշԶ̾ƿռ䣬ΣգƿöƷ˲Ϣָ֮һЩķڶ֮ʱõ鵭˵
Դϲ
ͨ࣬öһƿҪȻܰˡ
Щұ˸Ķȵ˽ϽǰŻʹͣЩڶкúôɡ΢΢һЦ˵
ӽʦֳ鼰ﳤһ󣬱ת첽ſȥ


895 ÿ
Ӱ뿪˴Եﳤ̾˿ڵ˴Ͻ֮мΪѵãϧδأ֣ķ嶨Ȼܹһˡ
δȷʵϧʦܷģڣķҲֶģȴ˵
йϽĴţܿ㴫̫ţŻŵӣʼֵ¡
ϾֵһεԵǰ֪жڵӸǿɼġ
֪ôѾѡ˴˴Ͻ֮еϢ¶˳ȥոջصûãвٵŰݷãͷ
Իؾ˼˺Խֱӹرգ˯һһҹžӵ˹Ϊʼķ֮˴㡣
ȥһ˲ؾĲ㣬һЩйصϡ
˵Ͻ̫ҵϢ࣬һЩǰµıʼֻƬĴ䡣
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ˣⶾָԪĵҩȻҲһԶ˲١
֮ڷõõĶ׼˸
Ϊ˼ʼϽ֮æµ׼ͬʱйط֮еҲȷ
ܹѡĵȻڸǳܳݼӢӣǸĺǿĵӣҲ׷ױ¸ַ͵ҩ
ʼһ䶯ɽܿƽ˶ھȴϽͨ򿪡
һգϥľȴȻһ
Щӣ̫˹ݷãԴѾᣬֱˡ
Ȼȴƶÿյ蹤򣬱
Ƭ֮ڲһһöɫĴȴ˽
üͷ΢΢һ壬Ȼվ߳ңһѽڰյɫץУʶС
һ̣ɫʱһ䣬첽ߵ˶ſڣִ˴š
֮⣬һľɫŮĲ˫ĿˢˢĿڵŷٻŷá
֣ɽһòˡŷٻߵ㷢Ц
λŷʧˡ˱ȭЩȻ˵
ֲǺų̫ŵһŵӣѾˣǽѾڴһӵţٻĴѶֿ»ǰɡһԵŷ٣΢΢Դڿ˵
ٶŷٻһŷ٣һ
ٻ㣬˵ĿʵɽǿмѵķΪϱġǵʿ˵Ҳǣŷ˿δŷٻһתٴϣһƲʵ
ĳˣλŷˡֻ̫ǰǲʤ䷳ŽⶴŹϡλﻹ˵ɡªλɱЦЦһתνŮý˶
˵ЦˣҵΪʿЩϸڡŷٻ΢Ц߽ڴһһ˿顣
ⶴȷʵһªټªסˣȻʰĺܸɾüͽıȴӺʣǰ͵ֻ˼ͨľӺͲ
ǽϵװҲûУֻǺ·Ƕ˼¹ʯֹ
ȻʿȺкܶ˶ܲ׷󣬵ǰªĶʮټġ
ŷöһۣ˶Էеһ˿ȣ󣬱Ϊ̫ŵһĵӣסֵط
ûоﲻԣ˶һ֮󣬱˿˵λԶɽң˵ʵΪ⡣
ŷٻоȣŷľЦôǲǽ𣿡
ŷ˵ﻰǰɽλҲ࣬Ȼ̸ʲô˾ӣȴҲ֪жرĵ΢΢һЦ
ô˵СŮӾͷˡ֣ǽ̫ţʵҲΪϽ֮СŷһûϽͨڹһ򽻺ã˴ǲǽö˺͹ڵĵһϽ棬ѰһЩԵŷٻЦݣԱߵŷһۣȻ˵
ԭˡ鵭Ȼĵ˵ͷȴǸеһ˿ȡ
ð˴֮һŷңҲ޷ԴͨϽͨ͸¶ѶϢʵԴͨģĴ̫⣬ҲԼȲܰ쵽ˡ
ŷٻ˵ڽãŷҰӦø̫൱ĺôŮռȥɡ
תһЩͷɱƽ
ǽô˴ݷãһǺִкһԭ֮ǰдһţת֡ŷٻ˵ţȡһɫŷ⡣
΢΢һ漴ֽӹŷ⣬ֽɿĿһ˸
λŷ￴𣿡֮󣬺Ȼʵ
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֣ԭΪŷһµģϽȻԲʱı⡣ŷٻҲ˵
ԭˡµɽ˳ŵȻᷴڣη֮УĳᾡΪġһλʧˣûкĳһ𣬿ɾͲΥԼˡԵ˵ͷɫһĽ˵Ȼ
ŷɫһϲŮƷԸҲ˽⣬ȻӦ㲻Υ֮¡
⣬ĳҲֻܳŵΧڵıҲӦΣգλҲҪԱ׼һֲ
ķ˴˵飬ҲֻܹǽøԵǳҹֵġαǽûЩŵġŷٻɫһĵ
ԣ¶һ˿Ц⣬ͷ˵Ȼˣ¾ô˵ˣ֪λѾסǷҪ°æһ£
Ѿǽ翷סˣ˵ֵ˫ް¾翷һλʦã֪ʱҽһ£ŷٻĿ΢΢һǳЦ˵
ԣȻһΡ


896 
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ڵŷٻƺҲֻǵЦһ䣬ܿŷٸ뿪ˣе˿

Ů뿪һҷȥͬʱԺȴֳӰ
ЩҲһֱûŮϢ֮ǰ˵Ҫչسڵƿ˿Ӧûûгذɡ
ţת߽ҡ
ϥúȡնɷʶܿС
Щӣһֱоⷨ仯þнģ
ºһ죬һɫƿնӽƵһĶС
â˸£ȻѿһϵʱռлصŴϣ
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ЫĿεſڣвȥͲŵ˼
Դ󣬱öȥˡ
ɶֱܵǰһԷСס½ǣϸֳͰ͵顣
ģϽ˴ĻԵô᲻ǰȥֺֺЦĵλһۡ
Ыͷɶʱһһ㻯ڹûС
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ϵķΣǸŵӣľ·ڸϼڿһ㡣
ķˣܿעе˳
ΧȺһʱڳ˵Ŀ׷׿˹
üͷ΢壬һȥӵ˦
ԭʦܵˣ겻ڴʱһŽ۵ӰһЦǺǵӭ
ԭǽʦ֣Ŀһ¡
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Ҫ֪˲μԺ֮ʱҺڵΪ̶ʮ䣬Ȼ󾳽磬˵ĵز
һֱΪԼٶѾܿ죬Ǻͽһȣȴָ㲻ʲô
һҲӡ֤ԭȵһЩ룬һֵ̽ʵֹȻشӣϲΪĪʦӦǴе浤ʿ֮һɣ
ٺ٣Ҳǲǰų׻ָΪġϽѵõĻԵҲŵĳһ£Ϊŵ֮һ͹һЦ󣬲ûзϵĻص
ʦӵĻʦܵǷĶˡԣһϲ
˵ڵ֪ϽϢ󣬳׼⣬һֱڶ֮УµûйĹעֻŴ鴦֪˴浤ʿӦ˶ѡ
ʵĪ⣬Ϊӻηִеȷȫٵġ
ˣҲҪվſ˵ӿˣɣѾĲˡ΢΢һЦȳȥ
Ŀ⳯Ĺ㳡һۣһ˿ɻ֮ɫȥ
ʦܲظе֣ЩʦǰĦϾһεĻνǧѷ꣬ҲһּķʽɡƺĿ⣬΢΢һЦ˵
ԭˡ˴˻ЩȻˡ
˵䣬һ˴֮УͬʱҲ֮ˡ
Ŀһɨֻ˿̴֮Уϡϡվ˴ԼһʮθĵӣŮУȻνϽѡˡ
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⣬Ҳ۴Ϣװжϣƺ֮ˣҲŷһӵܣʸ̫ŵġ
⼸˶ȴ˼ۣƺĸȤģ
ڳ֮УΪΪ⣬඼ǻڣмһﵽ˼ٵڣŵ֮ȻٮٮߵĴڡ
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ʦܱȣǲԶˣˣ˫ްתġշЦһһת£ƺ뵽ʲôȡһöɫ£׸
һֽӹһ֮£ȴһöΪɵĴеɫת
˷ЩȣƺշƵļ£ƮɢһƢ㣬ȴ֪շƣ
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ʶɿһɨȴǼ˵ɫһ̣ƺĳСͷĲߣ֮⣬һöɵ
Ȼ֪Ǻ⣬˿ҲϾϸ㳯շƹ˵лʦˡ
ؿ˵ʦöʦܿһţշư˰֣ЦЦ˵
̸˼շ͹һ󣬱뿪ˡ
һʱвŵ˹к
Ҳû⣬һûһһһӦţԵΪݡ
ŵ֮УͰŵһ˹Ȼ鴫ԭѾߵǵĽͣͻȻĴ˵
ʦ֣ⶼЩѡʵڽʦпɸֵһġҡͷЦһͬص
ͺٺһ˵Щʲôʱ֮⴫һĽŲһĸߴ׳󲽵ĿŶ롣


897 
ԶеһɿҰϢ
ǡͫһ
ŶʦˡֿܲʶһشӣҲǱϽ֮еһ浤ӡ͵˵һ䣬ȻֱӼӭȥ
󺺵ĵҲӵע⣬۾׷׿˹ȥ϶¶˾ȵɫ
ʦܡʱͷһ˳󣬵ȷϡ
ǵڽУΪչ˵ӡ
꣬ϵϢΪӴɢԼҲΪֲڳŵҲ󶼱ɽ
ƺͽΪʶ˴һк󣬱˵Ĵ̸
֡
ڴʱߴһȴŷٻò֪ʱ˹
λŷЩӻסĹ𣿡תͷһЦ˵
á׻Ͳˣһͨͻᱻ򿪣ֿ֪ʲô㣿ŷٻڣŷȴһ˵
ҶϽ֪֮٣ʱҲֻӦˡʱλòҪ̫ԶǣΣգԻ취סλȫѾϰ˴Ů˵ʽ΢΢һЦ
ǾˡŷٻԻ˵Ϊ̫Ž׽Ūǵ׵ĴڣҲֻһһˡ
˵䣬ͺӲ˽˾浤ΪڴЩȺ֮С
ŷٻƺ̫ŵйཻΣŷ˵һԡ
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кֵģǰڽбʦйһ֮ԵʱʦܲǼʦ룬Ѵ˸˵ûпˡһˬģ˵ĹЦ
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ڳĵɫһ࣬
ÿ꣬˽ͷ֮ŻᱻԸɲлƾ跨֮ǿдһͨÿʱֻһ꣬ǽϽ֮һҪǱ͵ĳأһ֮ػصԭأŻһδͨǽǲܰʱأԼҲ˵˵
󣬵ȴޱȵĴڳ˵ĶУֱ졣
˿̣ڵˣרע˵Ļ©һһ䣬ϾЩ¹Լ
˼ˣɫ΢΢һ˵ģϽвڶ˽ûеŵرδ֪Σգž͸һЩҪĶ
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ŷٻãƲ̫֮ˣȻûеõ
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һŵͼһɵԲ飬һƿ
ϽޱȣǸͼǰνϽǰƣԸָһ´ŵ·ɫԻӦ顯Բ֮ڣԸӦͬŵλáƿһöƷ򵤣һζƷʥҩܵˣһڣֻҪܼʱ´˵Ҳܱסһ˵ͷ֮̽ʱ˵ٴδ˵Ŵá
һ󰵰ͷЩȻǱҪ֮
ͼ͸ӦԲ˵ֵҩֻڲؾ󿴵صļأڴеĵҩû뵽žȻִһöνǴѪˡ
ҲڳĵӴǸĺĵӣһ̫˵޷صľ޴ʧ
˴Ͻ֮Żȡ֮ϾͨſǺķ˾ԴģЩżĵرҲӦⲹǳԿǡ˵˵
˴˻һڵӶʱһ˷ܵ
Ŀһһ˿֮ɫ
һҲ˵Ӱ˴֮һŷҶ޷Կͨͨѳ̶ˣųȡ֮ԴҲǺġ
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ˣ˵ĶѾ˵ˡ˴Ѱ֮УŰλ浤شʦΪǵ֮ˣϽ֮Уһǵİţ˭ҿߣصԺضط˵һһɰѹ͸
ӽŽ̻壡ڳ֮˶ʱͷһ·ѹһʯһ㣬ɫ΢ĹӦ
˼Σ¶һ˿Ц⣬Ŀ˽ͺӵϡ
λ󺺣ǰȴǲأɫĳ䱧ȭһ
һԵĽȴԾһЦҵӣװģҲ˹֡
ˣǶҹɡûĺ˽һۣȳһƫȥҲ˵ĸ˺档
ӿһ۽ͣ漴ͬʱ̧ǰȥ
ڳ˼ˣ׷׽˽ȥ
һƫһжʮˣǰĳȥ
һƺͨͨһ˾ĬȻʯȥµĽŲصѡ
ͨÿȦǶһ׹ɵ¹ʯͨӳյӰ´£ڿǰΪ˵ƽ˼ظС
ԼĪһٷֻǰһһʮֿĵ´Ȼǰһɨ֮£аɣҲʮɵӡ
λÿ¼һʮɴСķ֮ľͷ˲ͬɫ·ġ
ܺȻĸɫʯʯ֮Ҳ󷨷ģ͵ϵķӦӡ
˿̣ĸɫʯѾϥһϢȵߣڱĿ񣬶ڵӵĵû˿Ӧ
ˣһȻҲΪ󾳵̫ϳˡ


898 ֮
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˵˼ɬһһ⡣
ͬʱ̫ϳҲͬĶĵɫͬʱ˵ķϡ
ϵľ޴ͻȻһ֮ĸɫʯϵķĽâ·ˮһ㣬ɫʯлע뵽˵ķ
һʱ䣬Ƭɫϼӷӿǵصĳ֮ڷ֮УγĸͬԲĹȦ
ǿЩվȦ֮ڣڵĵÿȦվʮˣͣǶ˵վһȦڡдһ˵
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һоڤڤ֮Уƺһ޿İ֮ϣ޷ֺʶƺҲʶС
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̫Ͽգ͵һֱʮɵޱɫ
𣬽ƬĹУ·һֱ
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ĸűΧǵĿ֮ϷڶȥٶʮֵĻÿһξ룬ٶȾͻϼ֡
֮ϵմ˿Ҳ˾ҵı仯еƲ㿪ʼٵתγһתУ˷һƬƬİƱ˹С

вʱɫεâѣ̫嶼档
һʱ䣬ΧĹ˲ڰ·Ӱһ±˺ҹ
ĸɫžɫУԽԽٶȣƼѵļ
ʯ㳡֮ϣǧ̫ͷǰһĻ׳۾һͣ𺳵Ըӡ
һĻһʱ䣬ĸɫŲɫ֮Уɫâ˸УһһûС
ʱ˿̵龰νֽ֣ͬڰһ㣬ڳÿһŵӵ顣
ڣ˺൱һʱ䣬Щ̸յһĻ˷ܲѵĸ̸۰졣
ĸȫʧ˵к󣬳İɫſʼСΡ
һ̣֮еľ޴ޱȵҲɴСҲʧˡ
֮󣬹㳡֮ϵڶӣһ֮
Ĵ֮Уɫһ԰ףλҲһɫƣģ
⿴Ƭ̵ʱ䣬ȴ˷·һļ尾˿ǾǷ˲١
·ϵķУѿյӰȫˡ
ֻǰһжתƺףȫһɾѹѹסҲһֻεĴס·һ̾Ҫըһ㡣
֪˶ãоһ˲䣬Ҳƺǧ꣬ѹͻȻһɣȻָ˶ԼĿƣԥ˫ۡ
ǰȴһƬҰޱߵ磬ؼͬһɫһ㣬ĵȻһѹ֮С
һȥ˷ǿտĻҰԶĵطӰӰ´µܹһЩɽ޷Ӱӡ
ʦܣҲˡһС
Ȼվתͷȥ
󴦣ɫȻڰգɽ裬һö͸ķ
ʦ֣Ͻô
˵ͷĿ⳯Χһɨȴֵһصˣһ˫Ŀգ¶һ˿ʹ֮ɫӾȻҲС
޷ǲΪԽ֮ʱܵ˾ҵ𵴣ʱ˻Զѡһ漴ƮȻ£Ц˵
ԭˡһ
⵹ͬţǸսزУһʼ㷢⻰ɲʲôͷ
ʦ˿ͻָǳԤ֮ģɼԪ֮ǿˡö͸ķ¶һ˿ɫ˵
㱾²ҲգڼޣĥıȽϽʵѣʦֲѵıҸˡˣǡ΢΢һЦĿһ˽ϵķ֮ϡ
еķȻɫѾ䣬һϳ֮ǰ˷ųöɫ
˿̷еѺľһգ˰͸ɫԵôޱȣһ·ͻữΪ顣
лһۻγɵķ΢΢žһΪһƬӨķĩ
µǵһ˵ʦֹȻǲѧ֮ˡĿһ˵
ǺǣҲĵ伮ԶЩˡ⻯ƿ뼫ԶռʱŻõõķǿдͨ½ϽͨǴ͵˴ƾ跨֮ǲġ٩٩̸
ƿ֮ĽϱڣҪļ½ϵĸŸΪ˴˴Ͻ֮Уʵںܶǰ㿪ʼ׼ˣϡ⣬Ըɵ֮ȡϽɢĽ֮룬ſƳ⻯ÿɶԣÿһö˵һϽԽһ浤ʿʮʿͽ˵ء̫Ż£ҲֻƳöѡЩпģ
̫ҲͽĸЩȻ
ļʱҲӵվ
־Ͳ˵ˣû뵽ʦҲҸѣʦֵĺˣӿվŵĽͺˣһ漴ĴЦ
ûãɣʵڵĵҲָ̻ʶ
ȵ˻ָѾСʱ֮ˣڼвɵ˰գĴ߶һ£׷״ΧĻ
һҰת
˴ȻΧԪȴǼΪŨ񣬱ɽõĶ¶Ҫǿϱӡ


899 Ⱥǿ
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һ۵ӣͻȻзһףһ˲Զһɳϡ
һ̧һм
顱һ½ɳķ飬һͷСʯ飬ʯڲбɫĹڻζɢ˿˿
ıʯʱϳʯơ
ıʯһּƷԵԿʯƹħķεϵȲϣ˴һ飬õʯˣνǼֵƵϧ֮
һЦɿĽıʯ
Ͻ桭
ĽĿ⿴˵ļһͬʱжһƬȡ
ոյǣĻԵؾǰƬ޾֮Уȴȥ
Χ˷ܵͬţȴޱ顣
λʦܣǶ˳֮Ͻ֮еӡжϣλܹӡȻ˼ֵжҲֺĳҪѴһ䣬ɲͬ½κһؾյأѾĵرͬҲΣջӦ˶ÿ˶С
·ڵԣȻдݣٻ֮ǰʦǵĸ룬еĻȷ׷ָ˼
ͽ˵ı鿴У΢΢˿һȡ̫ŷַĵͼڴҪľǼסǴ˿ڵλãڵͼϱǳһ֮ϣڳ˻³
ԣҲͼȡ˳ΧΣֱܿ˴ӦǵͼϱעһɳıԵ
ڵͼϱע֮΢һһӣһз˳һ˵¡
ڷйһ巽ͨ
˷һָӦΪһ㶼ʿ̽ѰԹؾʱŻõõ˸һϣͨ˴ãңң֪Էڷ
Ȼô˷ԣԼñǡ
ԱߵļˣľٶҲ׷׸ʩֶε±ǡ
һкĿһɨߵŷԣŮλкδ㣬ǷǼͬУǴ㵥ж¿¾޷бλȫĳŵˡ
˿̸ոս⴦δ֪ȻǺһͬжףûԴ׼һʼͶжĵز
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ŷҼȻöŮϽ棬ҪĶ϶׼ˣ˵ϵĶҪࡣ
շվԶŷ̸ΣüĿ΢֪Щʲô
ȻҶ׼ˣʱȣҲԿʼжˡ
ڽһº˵ѡһʽʼ˴˴֮̽С
ͬʱ⣬һƲľ޴󹬵Ⱥ֮УȻֳһĿİ׹⣬ţһɴСĺͼڰ׹ֶ֮
жʱ˵УƬƺҲ˲׹һҡҷ£ƾնһƬӰӰ´µӰ
˸º󣬺ܿɢΣʮӰҲ
׹һһӰѾɵ˰ա
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ӾĿȥɫȻ·˿ûܵ紫͵Ӱ졣
·ĵϣ˵ʮˣһ˫ĿգȻΪĲʶʱ˻֮С
ʮһ֪ǱĵӣʣµȻһŰİɫۡ
ЩǱϽѰˡ
ӰһƮȻ˵ϣĿʮһɨһӣһɫȦɢʮ˶С
ڹȦҫ£ûãЩ˷׷˹
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һĸߴıе˹һͷϽɫʨڣ˫֮ͫɫⲻͣתǴǰؾеɣ乧Ķһ
ŻʵŮɪҲȻУֻǴ˿俴ɫ΢΢Щ԰ס
ŮʵȻͣʱƺ˼֣ܵĿӰҲȻ
ʣµӣһԴòͬĺ췢꣬һ˾Ȼһɫ۵꣬಻ʮӣݰףټΪ¡
⼸ȻΪߣѾﵽ浤ڣЩ˵ͷ֮ˣ˶䶼ʮֵĹ
˶Ϥѹӻ˰ɫȦ
֮˻ָǺվ˾뱱˽ԶĿյϣǽ䱸ɫ
λұŵ칬İѾˣλԱɡӼˣȻ˵
֮˻һۣ΢΢һȭһԲתΪɫݹ⣬Զƿնȥ
ʦ֣ΪҪŹ칬֮ˣһϽ棬е˶Ѿǵ˰ɣΪβûˣɪü΢壬ˮ˵Ľ޶ˣ˵Ļȴ絶档
ɪҪɱڵģ칬ô˵ҲǺǽ˵˴Ͻ֮УҪĵʵ칬Ҳɣ½ħ½½塣΢΢һЦ
ɪ΢΢һƺЩʡ
Ҳۣ½Ĵ½ħ½Ͻľ뻹ҪһЩ϶Ѿӿ˴޺ħˣҪСĽһսҪȫԸ顣ɫ֣˵
˼æͷǡ
²˳٣Ҳɡӵ˵ͷһӣһǹϯסˣһâһ򼲳۶ȥ

һľɽ֮УͻȻһಡಡƿ˴˵صƽ
ȴһȺɫӰӹм׷˸һɽ֮ϡ
󲿷ϵĴźۣħƣħڵʿ
վǰˣһģӣȣúһλ׹ӣɫ֮ȴż˸һ˿͡
һˣȫϤһɫڱΣֻ¶һ۾Į˿顣
վʮħڵĵӣȻҲУһͷͷԵΪۡ
ħڵˣ߸ʿӦͬɵˣ˿ԶԶվһԡ


900 
Ͻ棬ҲûʲôĵطžһȣĴ
ħڵӿıӰĿ֮ж¶һ˿η塣
µѣȻѾϽ棬ҵȾʹ˸ˡһӴ߸ʿз˳վǰ֮⣬ȭ˵
ŶԭǷ֣αҪֿжһͬѰǺܺ𡣡¶һ˿аЦݣüһ˵
ˣλħڵĵʵǿЩ˸ֻᰭְţǲλĺá۽һǿЦһ˵
ҲãǴҾұһ֮λٻصＯϰɡĿһϸֳһ˿º͵Цݡ
ԴϲֱȭһһҪɿ
ոת壬СһһֻƺȻ麣֮жѪʱӿϵĺȾøޡ
ϵƺһӱɣѵתͷ
壬ǹһ˿̵Ц⡣
㡭Ϊ˴УϹˡſڣʱӿڵѪ
ǲԼǴ𣿲̤Ͻ˲䣬֮Ѿһĵˣ˺͵˿еģһЦϺһɺɫħ档
ӵħ֮ԽԽСܿ컯Ϊޡ
һʷͻȻԶʿһĻһģʱһ⣬Զķɶݶȥ
һЦȴûȥߵˣǷһģԶȻֳһƬڵħ𣬽ʣ಻ӦıʿС
ɫħֵļʿʱһĲҽУһɽζʱɢ
ڻҹĵ˼£ȻʩչֶΣͼƿħ
ɫħ֪ǺͨȻǻȴ쳣ͣǵûбƿԽԽ֮䣬ͳûκϢ
һߣɫ멵ӺٺһЦҲѻһںļֻǼĹ򣬱ӵĻڵ֮
ԶëȻĲҽкڵӰȥ׹УͬܽһɢƮɢˡ
һֻ̣ǰâһɫ멵ӱٴγһԡ
ʦʦֵķħ涼ѵǷ켫Ҫ˶ãλʦֱԳԳˡһӵħڵǰһƨ
ϻ˵ѾɨˣǱ㰴ռƻ£Ҷ˸ӣʣµˣһڴ˼ϡĿĿ˰һۣ󿪿˵
һӺħڵ˱㻯Ƭƣ򼲳۶ȥ

һɳɳĮϿգʮݹնݹ֮ǶʮŰɫ۵½Ĵ̫֮һĺȻԺӡ
ǰһʮɸߵɳȻըѿзɳһƬĺƣĺɫϣͷƤУźȻԺ˷˹ȥ
ȻԺڵһԭĶʱЩ
ǱϾŵӣܿ״̬̺ǳɫâ׷ؼͺɫϼսһ

ĳվɽ帽ΧһƬɵͻȻһҷ
һӵġǡ
һ̣߰˸ɴСĸߴͿܣȻӰ֮д󲽱ÿһܿʮɣɿĳԶȥ
ˣ
ٴδһзɳһƬľ޴ɶ꣬ÿһֻͷСɫ壬ɢ̹ǵϢ
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˼ιֻ߰Ϳܵĺ֮һѱǡ
Ϳ͹󣬺ǴӰжЩͿܱܵԽԽ죬ɶ˦
ɶ׷һۼʧҰУڰһ󣬱׷׵תεķɻɽİɫС
ЩͿӳʮ󣬲һɽͣ
ţһһӰӿͷÿһкȻĸ˵ӡ
һֳ˶ʮˣдŻɫ¶۶Ȼ칤ڵĵӡ
ͬʱֻ߰Ϳһ󣬱׷׻ΪһſŵĿԲ򣬲
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ǴͽϽĵطɣøһȺڵıɶޡ
͵ľ޴󶯾ʱЩɶ˹ͷ浤ʿֵһ󣬿Щ칤ڵĵڻ֮оȫɶ޻ɱˡ
λʦܣȻãûԱҲǲеˡһͷԴ˵
Ͻʱ仹ȵһط̽ǡ˵һĿķ󺺡
˶浤ΪҲ칤ڴ˴Ѱ֮е֮ˡ
칤ڵĵԶǾһȺ֮УҶȻڴˣȴûпԽӰ

һƫƧɽ֮У䣬ҵķײڶ
ս˫һֻʮɴСľޣһһȺޣӴŴȵʿ
ֻһʮɸߵľɽɽкһ˿˿˷ҷ޵Ʈ

ʱƣ½Ͻĸӣ׷׽Уʼ˸Ե֮̽С
̫ŵһˣ뿪ƬںǰĵòشҲһЩɫֲ֮˼Ϣ
УŷٻԾ̫ŵĶ⣬֮ˣȴ֪ʱѾ뿪˶顣
һ£ǰĽͻȻһӵͣ
˼ˣ׷ͣ˶ݹ⡣
ʦ֣˺£ԭڶŨüһ壬˹һ߽䱸Χʵ
ʦĪţǵϮԶЩܹо쳣ת˵
һ׷תߵʣһƬ谵Ļκε״
иֳһ⣬ðĽâǰһɨӣƬ֮ҡҡͷȻûпʲô
˴Զǧ֮⣬Ҳʩչ֮Ӧ״챦סͿ飬һЦ
챦ڳԣһȡ
λҵ۹⣬ȥ鿴һдջ񡣡Ŀɨˡ
Ȼʦ˵ȥҲ޷߶һ΢΢һ˼ͷ˵
˼ͷ֮˵ȻҲʲô˶ת򣬳˹ȥ
Ⱥ֮Уһ߷УһȴתʩչڤѰĿ֮һİ֮⡣
Ƭ֮ͫ״в׽һ˿˿ɫϼ⣬ɫмֱ治һϲ
ôֿʲô𣿡ŷٻһֱԣ̲ʩʵ


901 ʯ
ǵûУǾԽԪƺԽŨЩȰˡŷٻӦ֮ΪԾµ˵
ŷٻĿĵĿһۣûм׷ȥ
˵Ķٽӿ죬ûãѾɹ֮ң
˴˴˶ܽΪĸӦǰ쳣ԪƺһӴԪڻת
ʦֵʶȻǿزĿ˽һۣԵ޵
ʦܹˡһЦƺ⡣
˾˵ʹ̫ŵһڵӶл׷ٴδ߶ӿ˷ٶȣ޲һ̱ܸϵĿĵء
ĿԶ˻Ҳһ˿ľȡ
ʶ֮ǿޱȣܹĸӦΧԪԽԽŨңһֳԶл۹ȥơ
ѵʲô챦ɣĿһ۽͵ıӰ¶˼ɫ
Сʱ֮ڸϵ˴ǰָ֮أȴһ滷ɽɽȡ
ɽȲ󣬹һƬʯУӵһ֮ķ󣬷ԲԼĪʮɴС
󿴲һƣɫȭͷСʯǶڷ󣬹һ·
˴˴ѾԵܸоΧԪγһ©״׷ӿ˷֮Уɽ֮еŰһǽʵʻԪ
Ӧһ鷨󡣡
ɽ֮УĿڹϸһ󣬿˵
һһ̫ŵҲȲȥ׷¶˷ܵɫ
Ũ
ɽ֮ԪŨȴľˣϽ𴦵ʮϣڱǺҲԵĸоԪڣĹͷЩ
Ҳֳϲ֮ɫ̫һС磬ŻԴٳؾԪΪŨܣǹشͻƾʱ֮ء
ǺСԪŨƺҪϲ֪
ףǾʯѹܹ֮ԪˣڰһҲĿĿŷ֮еɫʯһ
ʯ֣ЩɫʯǾʯ͵Ļ͵صɴ۾Щŵ˵
Χ̫ŵ˵ĶԻ󲿷ϸֳãȻɫֻʶĵҲ¶˼ɫ
㣬ʲôǾʯŷĵѯԵŷٻ
ŷٻеϲɫˣҪڽͣ͵Ѿ˹
ʯؼһּΪʯһЩʢǧŻָ׸ǴСôһ顣ʯԲΧԪҴ洢ҪʱԷųʯеԪþ󣬻Զɴ洢ԿظʹãͨʯһľҲͱˡʿ˵ʯһֲɶõԴ
ͻ䣬϶ʱֳ˼֮ɫ
ܹԵʦ𳤱ѡϽ棬ڳûһɵӣһʹ˻ԾʯļֵȻȻˡ
Ȼʯǲ˼飡ŷϸֳһ˿֮ɫ
ڴʱһӰŷõǰȴȴûж˷֮ɫ˵
ϹʱʯͼƷʯΪƷʯ޷ЧáʯܹԶԪ֮⣬ڲ󷨣Ҳм档ԳʱάַУͬ˴ľԽԽ࣬ͻƿҲ޺ôġ
ԣȻһϲ
ֹȻŹ㲩˵ոڰͣ˺ܾãѵʲôѰĵطŷٻҲȻһЦʵ
ҡҡͷûٶ˵ʲô
˴ľӦǴϹʱ󷨣½ձʹõľЩͬĿ΢ٴ˵
ʦ֣ȱģ˵صԪŨҶයһʱ䣬ܷͻƸԵΪƿһڵŵ˿ĭЩڴĿŽ˵
˵Ļ̵õ˲˵ĸͣѾγ״˾ѵڴһʱ䣬пʹΪڶʱڸһ
ΪȣȥѰһЩԵòôˡ
һ뵽ɣշƣҲΪĶ
ǶﲢϤĵͼ֮ҲûбעóȻڴͣĻͳһµ˵
ʦֹǵе˴ȷʵЩŹ֡һԣŨĵطᱻ̾ռǴ˴̫ƽˡոڸ̽һＸκļʵЩڷˡ˹˵
⡭ɫһ䣬
Ϊ֮г浤⣬ʵǿˣ˵ĻȻͬ
һֻޣôˣѵҪη岻ɣҹŹʲôֻһԸ룬ҲûʲôΣգ̫˰ɡɽŲ̤ǰһƳһۣЩ˵
мڴһʱ䣬ΪѾ˻ڵ۷壬ֻһܽ׻ˡ
ʽ׻ѶȲǺܴ󣬽˵صľŨ֮вСͻƵġ
ɴ˻ЩҪµ˶ʱ׷׵ͷǡ
ʱֳɣһΪһѵõͻƻᣬðЩֵõģһȻͬͽ͵Ĺ۵㣬ΪӦ԰ȫΪء
ɼõ˶ӵЩ⣬ưĿȴ˵
Σ˫ĿһУʱһƾâ
Աߵ̫ŵӽӴĿ⣬жһͻ̲ס˿һ
Դ̤磬һֱɱ¾ϣĹǹϲƵɷջ֮£ŨطǳرЩɱ浤߽а޺ޣˣֻһһɱɷ͸
һӴ£һ飬ɫҲһ䡣
ϡ壬ʵڷһת£ס񣬵ʾֱӭĿ⣬һʵϢʱ˼ƾֳ
˺ˣȻִ£˸һڴ˵ͣգһˣպϵľʯȻ뿪˵أʦ㿴ɺã
һֱҲ˼ӣȻһȻм䣬ϢһɢһЦ˵
Ͱʦ˵İɡڼ䣬ҺʦֵܶأÿʱࡣͳĬƬ̺΢΢˵ͷ
Ȼ֮˶ˣȻüͷ壬˲̫ԸǴһ¡
ʱ䣬˷׷׽˷֮У˸յϥץʱ״̬ŷȻҲ˷֮С
ȴûжĸھ֮⣬ɽܴͣ·Ѱʲô


902 Ϯ
ʦܣ㲻һΪͼˣĿһ߹ʵ
˿̣վֻͣˡ
ʦ֣Ϊڴ˵ص޷𣿡ûشʣǷһ䡣
Ҳˣ̽ϽŸոտʼ͸иԵ뷨ˣǿ뿪һٶʮֵĲԸȻǾǰɡһȴƽ˵
ͷҲٶ˵ʲô
ʱȴһɵ˰գһȡһöɫ̺һ졣
ֱһʮһɶΧתͬʱſھ˫ֻ˼¡
ڶ϶ʱһɫ⻪ڡಡಡƿ˷
ۣ
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ӵ˵ͷûм׷ʣһкȴûнУһķɵɽȸߴϥͬʱʶɢ˳ȥעΧĶ
ԾɽΧæµţȡһ׵̣ں֮ڣֲ˼׷ԵĽơ
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ȻЧ϶ͽµ޷ȣԺ׳浤ƿ϶ҲЩġ
˼šڤʼΧŨҲֳ˲ʶʱעΧĶ
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ҹĻ٣ܵһжû谵һȥԶһƬɽ⣬κζ
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˿̣гһöɵʶУ¶֮ɫƺڲʲô
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ٹ乤ڿƬƵݣȻֻɫÿһֻһ˸ߴ۾·ɺĹ㣬Ѫڣͻֲ
⾿ʲôޣ˵һȺ֮гһ˿ҡ
λʦĪҪţѾɽΧ˶صķ󷨣ƾЩһʱҲͻơף
Щҵ˶ʱһȺ֮еɣһ˿ŭɫ
ո˽ҪĹͷѾסͻƵһ˿ȴЩƣ֮
âһҪȥɱһʱһεĳߣһѿס򣬳˵ʦܲҪ嶯Щ̫ˣҳɱûôģһɱҵķѪޣ
˿̣ڰյĽͿпʼдʣеһһĿĻâ
ѾɽΧʱֳ˹ɫγһεĹĻ
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Ļ˲ɵһֻЩʵ̫࣬ͷǼ󣬷ȥ콫ɽȵĻڸסˡ
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ЩҪһ岻ײŹ֣зһ˻Ƶļһͬ˵Ŀڣһ˫˫Ѫɫ۾˷֮ɫ
Ѿ԰ڴ˵صľΪڣʱȡ˾ϵľʯ뿪Ļ˿֮С
ЩʵȻ̫ǿЩҺڵޣʵ̫ˣӲƴĻЩڵӣҲұ֤ȫˣһһЩ߽޹ˡ
߰˸Ѫƺۼ޷ͻƹĻһѪâȻ͵ؼ
ž˷
Ѫ˹Ļϣʱɫ⻪ԭĻɫҲһҷ
ͬʱɫ΢΢һ٣̵ֱҲԲһ¡
ʦ֣һ֧ⷨԿ˶̫أҺҲ̫ܳã󷨶ڳ˶֮һͬݰɡӼˣڽԣ˵
˿˵ͷӶɫ̸ֶӷȥ
ӻץһɫ̣һ棬ʱֳָһ㵭ɫĹ֡
ɽϿƹâ֯һɫĻʱһȡ


903 Һ
жÿ֮ʦܣһͬ¡
Ⱥַ֮ɳĸӰȻշƣŷٻһ߶һȻġ
һȡһ̣Ƭ֮ĵâ׷չʹɽȵķԽȹ
һʱ䣬Ѫ³ܼѪɵĹĻ֮ϣͬʯ˻׷ѻΪѪɫꡣ
ڳ˼ˣһ
ȻԽԽ˽ϿռɫͷƤѪ˫Ŀǡ
ʱûΣˣȥҲǳ֮ưӼˣ˵
ЩƵȷֻܷһʱ˶ѾΧסɽȣ˳֮£ֻʱ⡣Ҳͷͬ
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Сģлڵ޳ˡ
Ŀһ˵ЩʲôʱȴȻϵ
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зһһţһˮͰϸѪɫΧĺ֮ϡ
ͼˣüͷһ壬ִһϸֳһƬɫѪɫĹ
ֳһֻڵ𣡡
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һʱ䣬ڵޣһð˳ԱѪɫſнһ񹥲ͣ
ɫһҲ˫һ߶ı仯ɽһʱܴͬЩ𹥻ȫ
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Щ³Ѫ⣬һۻฯʴã˶дݡ
Ҳˣ跨ͻΧȥУһЩص˵
ΧԶʱʵ˭ﶼͻΧΨһİ취ǧֻҺޣвٻޣóóȻ뿪ɽȻҲͬѰˡ
⣬浤Ѫ𣡡
вɫ󣬴˼ȴǷϣͻȻкâһתȻתͷɽ֮ⲻԶһһ˵
ԾһתȥȴǴطһ޶⣬ûʲôر֮ӡ
дɻ֮ʱɽ֮⴫һԽ˻һɺںɫͻȻ׵ϯٶȾ֮
ΧҺڵһͬеĿҶһ㣬ɼı׾˳ȥһĴ̶
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ͬʱеȻһ죬Ļƹһ֮գۼ䰵ȥ
շƵͬƿ̵ĵӣȫһԻæһɾԪе֮ϣпעȥ
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Һ
Ŀһ
ڲؾĵ伮Ͽؼأħ㣬ѵټһЩϡҩľɵһֺҺ
ħͳѶǶżջ֮ҺµޣڻϵЧۿۣ浤ޣ򼸺Чˣ˺ܶΪеͽʿʱһЩԽѨ÷ɱ
ҺƺȴǱħһƷסڵޣ浤ҲһջֻƼѣֻһЩʦܵҺʶֵߣм֮
ִ˷ЧҶҪٿطһߵ˿ҪһˡҺʱɫһʲô˵
Σտ϶һЩʦ뿪ʱһʩƿһͨΣվС˼֣Ҹ֮³֮󣬿ԵõһľʯΪյı꣬Ӧûɣȴг˵
һ˵ţһһͻȻзɳһƬɫϼ⣬µľ󸲸ס
ۣ
һУеľʯɫϼһ֮£㻯һı˳գۼһԶѳһѣˡ
ͬʱɽϿյľ޴ҲžʯȡɿɢŨҲɢ
˽˵֮ٿ˿ϵһѾʯһһʱˡԷԡ
вˣŵµľʯи̰ɫ
֮ǰȻֻھ鷨˿չ򣬵ȴǶֺٶȡ
Ѿʯǧ֮࣬еһҲٶ飬֮ҪдϽɣҲԲС;鷨ˣһ˵óȥۣȻҲһ޷֡
ЩһɨɽϿյˮͷķ׷ͽˡ
ɿŵϵľʯ˫۹âȻҲǴΪ⶯


904 
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ţʦԸⵣΣҲʡϾҺʦ⣬¾ʵǿˡȴ˵ͷƺվек⡣
ӼˣҲٶ˵ʲôֻҲͷ
ĿǶѾʯһɨȴƽˮ
Щʯ˵̫ҪˣΪܹ׺浤ʣʹðЩҲֵõġ
Щʵеʹȫ˵ġ
ȻʦԸ£²˳٣ͿЩжɣѾе߰˰˵Ⱥ𣬵ȡһƿ˳ȥ
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Ŀ΢΢һַһɺϵľʯҲһ룬սָֽС
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һԵŷٿ˵˾䣺أ
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ԭһΧȺ绡֯УӲһͨ
׼ʱһΣʱһڹ⣬˲䴩˷Ϸ϶ûͨУøûзӦʱһŵĳ˳ȥ
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߿ҫĿâʱ糤ˮмһأͬʱЩĽɫӰҲ˻һ£һת·϶ȥڰ;»ΪһĽɫɽһûĻɫС
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ˡеȻһҪһϷ󣬾ҪԶƿնȥ
ͬһʱ䣬Ȼͷһ𣬹һһֻʮɴСľƿնȻֻ浤Ѫ
޿̰ĶȴԱһ˿һԾצ˲䣬ͻûצӰ˷ץ¡


905 
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˫ĿѪһȴȻһŭ⣬ɢѪ⡰ۡһһţһѪɫ򣬵һбѶ
ƿУѪâ˷˺׷ĲǷ׷׿̷ĲҽУȼ˹ѪɫĴӿ׹¡
ԶӶݺӰͬѪâ˲䶴ƾջΪɢ
ֻһȻϺһʢ˲һɫֻסȫ
ۣ
ʮѪâ׷׻ڹ֮ϣûԤеķײ죬Ѫ⾹Ȼһ֮£ڽ˹֮С
һ̸оһɹӺɫһӿ룬˲ûУֱ֫̽ڷתҲʼɬ
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·ѩһ㣬תۼ䱻ͼ֮˽ȥ
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⳵ͼڵԶԶԤϣϢ⣬ӵпͨѾδˡ
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תĿЩ飬嶯ȴǲ˿и͵һᷨٶᵽߣʱһɫߣԶʷɳ۶ȥ
浤ѪԽԽԶĺɫݹ⣬һŭļ漴һԾ޴һģ£һںɫ磬Բٶȣǰ׷ȥ
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ֻЩ֮ӳɽʱȻԼĪ֮ӣЩΪҺڵ;б˦ˡ
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ĺںʸһĴӷж˲ǧٿףΪ׹֮ɢ𣬶ʱԶյһƬκһˡ
浤˾һһ֮ŭ֮һХֱúȫһ󶫵ᣡ
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һסΣ㽫ʶɢΧʮûзѪټɫһɣһ
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˼ţһһɳһСƿ
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ȻЫ˴ãֻ浤úԾɽ׷

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ǰʣǼֻõһ׷֮Уԭ뽫ֻ浤˴ֱնɱȴû뵽;ʮֻڵĲ޺һֻ浤Ϊ˫ߡ
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סˣԺ޷ԿǿлԱȫΣΪһùҺ˷Ը
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ׯĴһɴСĺʯƽ̨ƽ̨һɸߵʯ˵ѾЩ֧飬ϸ̵ܷһ˰ĳªӣԼԼɢŵԪϢ
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һȺħʯûҵͼȾָħҵȶħ֮ˣħʯħҪħȥӦڣҲħʯīģĿһ䣬ǳ
˵ʲôҪΪʦƽ谮мѣΪԼ浤ʦ֣СԣȻŭ
ߣ֪ΪµӴ󲻷ˡȻɳԿϾħһǿΪ𣡡ޱĻص
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ǡħʯһԹսһħڵӣ˷ܵĴ
Ҳ¶ϲ֮ɫֱһ뽫ħʯȡ
ʱۡһһɫƥ֪Ӻδƿնһľͽɫħʯһߡ

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һ죡
ŭһȭһײ֮Ǻɫƥȴһģױܿ
֮֮вһӰӺɫƥȻֶ
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Ҳδ˴ӦһƮĳȥ˫Ŀ̰֮֮ɫͬڿһֻֿɵõһ
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˵һĻˡ
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һȣֱдһž죬ʱǵˮͰ׳ͬʱָһ
ꡱһ죡
ħ˼ͷͷ­һͬʱֱ飡
һʱ䣬һ̱ǵȳϢź֮ɢͬʱһɫħӲвð˷ɢ
ŷȡһŻָĵҩº󣬷ųʶͷʬһɨȥ
Ƭ֮¶Щʧ֮ɫ
ħϲ֪ΪΣȻûУ䷢ʮЩħƵĺɫʯ
ѲЩħս֮ʱʹ
Դɻİֹһ֮󣬱㵥һеĽʮɫʯУַһľϻ֮УһŷӡֽС
ʱУͻȻһͯˣħʬܷ񽻸ң
һһ䣬һһƾջһͯǷɶ
һ̰˼СӣͺԥֳԭΣһΪŵĳħ˵ʬһ˶ȥڴڵҧ
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ۡһٴλΪһ»ָͯģԲĹĵĶƤһ෹˯ӡ
΢΢һЦٴһĽɶջ֮к󣬱ַųһ򣬽ªħʣĲΪ˻ҽ
һкԭһ˿֮ɫ
˵˷׵ĻɱΪħˣȫ̳ͼڵĹͣ䷽һ۲֮£гɵħ˵ħ˿ܽա
ЩħţӰͣƬ֮󣬱ʧˡ
ǿħˣͼھͲһ˴Чˡ
΢΢ҡҡͷ󣬷ȡͼ΢΢һɨ֮£׺һΣŵͼϱʶĺҫɽжȥ
뿪Ƭ̹Ⱥɽ֮кȻƿ߾ڷһ֮£׷ǰվλá
ģȻеĸ߽ͼ¿Ϊʡȥ鷳ˣ
Ϊһڷ֮УһͳִֿżĹЦ
ڷУԼɼӰȴ˿Ҳδ֪ǲԸӦΪ֮ˣǶ˵ֱˡ
ţ߾ڷ㡰һһƬɳʯƾʧԭء
СʱһƬݽߵĺһߣһƵͿշš
Ӵ˴˵еԶǸ͵ͼıʾӦû̫޳ûˣһ·ջ˼Ų֪ݣһСѪɫĿʯ
˲ķ˲һӹͻȻɫһ䣬һΣ˷·һģɿǱ·һɿݵĴ֮ϣͬʱ߶ͼϢ
ʮԶһƬȻһѹ
䡱һ죡
ƬϿնʱһƬĺڰ֣һ˿Ҳޣ΢΢һ
߿Уɫɢ¶㣬ȴЩƵĻӣܲͣɨ·Ѱʲôһ㡣
Щ˿ƳͨƣһԶԱ˫֮ͫо
ɫ΢΢һ䣡
˵ûкɫħƣһ۾Ϳ˾ħɣҴΪÿһ˼ٵɢϢҲʮֽӽ·ֵͬһ㡣


910 в
ɣˣ
һͻȻֱָ̧ۣһһ״ڷƾصĴһ
䡱һ
ǿøɿݵĴڴ״ڷ˲䣬㱻ը˿ľͷм
һӰмб˶
˿̵һתȻһɫƣͬʱͷתķɿǰͻ
Ⱥħǳ˵ԸһƾֶӦûаգҪһҪԸǿħˣ鷳ˡ
˼ʱ򣬶濴Ϊ׵һӣȻ˵ƾһ֮ɱһ֮ˣҲʲô֮ûϵǼ㲢Ǳ𣬶ϣҵ֣ڸһżȡЩ³֮ȻҲٲĺô
ħ˵һԴʣԭڿǸӦԵ΢΢һ㶡
ԷȻ˵⼸֮ǰնɱħ˲ͬˡ
Ҳǣħ½֮󲢲½֮£еħ϶Ҳֻһɵġ
֣ħĪ˵ЦˣͷתޱĻص
Ϊβ֣ٺ٣֮пɺ˽粻֮ͬ£вûзġһΣô֮ҵ㣬ΪֵѾͨͼÿ԰ҵ׵ƿǱżĽơȻӦҲУʱҵȿɾ벻Źѵˡ٩٩̸˵Ҳͬޱһݲ䲻Ӧӡ
ԣһݡ
ԣȻЩħ֮ԣֵǿħ£ƺҲݲ䲻Ӧ
ǰ沿Բ٣ô֪º᲻˵ĻĳԸھͷһҲȰȡرǿĶࡣԲɫ˵
ɣȻ٣Ȼˣҵȿڴħ֮ѪģŵΪ׵Ļüͷһ󣬾ԥ˵
ħ֮
һ˻ɫ䡣
ڵ伮е˽⣬νġħȻָϹʱ˽ħ֮ųһͨݺڽ磬ħĿֲڡ
Ϲʱħ壬ħ½ħˣһС
ʶħ廹ħԡħ֮ĻԶ֣ص֮ԣ˸Υġ
ãħ֮ԵĻҵҲܲŵġɿתһҲһҧ˵
ܺãϣܼǵô˻Ϊ׻˹һЦֱһȻһ󻮿ʳĺںɫѪ󣬾ԡħ֮¶ģŵΥģħѪ֮
ħˣҲͬͬħ֮˶ġ
ˣɫƬ̺󣬲ֿڵȻѾӦһжڿԸżкα˰ɡηеĺôҲϣܹ˵á
ãѹˬ죡żеıʵ޿ɷ档ҵҲֻ֪ر֪ġô䣬Ȼҵˣһˣð˷֮һҲǿ㡣Ϊ׻ӣ˵
˷֮һҲ̫һЩҪ֮һ
ԷȻˣ˵ҲǵȷҪԼһ֮Ŀŵּۻ
֮һδҲ̫˰ɣķ֮һΣٶ࣬ԲˡһԱͫĿ֮оһ˿˵
ħˣҲ׷׵ͷһͬĿ⿴
ãǾķ֮һһ˼֮Ҳͬ
ܺã²˳٣Ǿ͸ɣ
Ϊ׻¶֮ɫһӿ
Ƭ֮һħƾո֣һ˵ȫһĳ߷ƿնȥ
ħ֮Уı뼸λħ˵ľ롣
˵ħģҿǵûнż֮ǰ⼸ӦòóȻԼ֣»СΪĺá
Ϊ׵Ļȴħ֮Уȴ˿ӰЩ⣬ѯ֮ǰǷħ
ԴˣȻǴ˸ĺ˹ȥڶԷ׷֮£Լ̫ŵ⣬ûٶ͸¶Щʲô
ȻͬûзŹᣬӴйħ½ħ˵ϢӵҲƺ֪޲ԣ٩٩̸˵
ԭ⴫˵½ħ½½಻ͬģһǾסеħ˿νȫޣҲÿһ˶ħޡ
ħصħ֮Ȼħ½ʮϡ֮ħ½ȣȴвԻõġ
Ϊħ½岼ֲŴСС޵ġħԴÿһħԴ᲻ðħħԴɢħУŴȲͬħ֮
Щܲħ֮ġħԴ㱻֮ΪħԴν
ħ½ĸЩħԴΪϢУӵеġħԴԽ࣬ʵԽǿ
⣬ħ岻ͬǣʮֿѪÿ֮УֻѪʼߣлͨħԴϼȡħ֮
ʵӵħˣֻͨͨħˣȻͨһЩڷ֮Улỻȡħ֮ԣȴǱˮнˡ
вһħ½жںĵӺͨӵ֣Щ½ڵŵӣֻһѪԭΪΧӵĻҪȴǧ֮ˡ
ͬʱֲ뵽Щħˣһ˿㷲֮С
˾һһŸԴ½֮£ħˣȴǶԴ˷δһ㣬ֻԹԵıĿ
ȻƺĵòֺʶȴһҲûиʼעܻı仯
ľǣһ·ħ֮޾Ǳֺ֮ҽӽ
Сչһμţһ˺ܿһƬİ
ħһڿǰľɫ
ӳһƬƽأƶ֮ϳһǧɸߵɽ壬ɽŴһ޴󶴿ڣΧֺۼ߰һƬ·ͨ˵ص
һˣƺûãߣΪ׵Ӽˣüһ˿ŭ֮ɫͷ˵һһзɳ۶롣
ϸϸɽ帽һɳĹŲۺȴ۽ǳ鴤һ¡
ԣⶴԭɽѹģȴŲˣɼ֮˵֮ˡ
ѻʲôҲȥɡ
ľʱ򣬱ȴһȴʣµħ֮һˡ
׿һ˵ħˣһҲһû·С
ħˣȻ¡


911 Ů
ضһ죬ЩббʯȣҪࡣ
ԼĪһٷ򣬲ߵʯ׵ľͷǰһһƬĶĵ¶߳ǰ
ԼɼһĻɫʯС·֪ͨηһЩʯм߰һĺɫֲ
Ͽղ֪ΪαһƬƬɫĹϼţߵӳյ貰߲߹ǰǶʯȵĻ޷оԼĵص֮¡
һ˼󣬱ǰɫʯС·ȥ
С·㹤ߵ˾ͷ
ǰȥΪ׵ĻħˣվСͷһȱƻɫʯǰڼʲô
ʯŸɣҲң봦ƿĴ󶴣ʣĲϻܿĻƣ߸ֻ֮࣬Ǵ˿Ծʧ
ΪħˣʯЩƣһİɫָš
Ȼħ˽ַ˱֮ǰźƺǷʲôҲûкһֱӴʯƻ
һҲμζĳʯ֮ǰĿһͬһ¡
ףǡ߶ƣ
ֻɫ֮ϣ߸֮䣬飬۸ӵǳϸۣۣ˵ޱȣ˽ϸϸĦԶ
ڲؾз󷨵伮ʱ俴ϹŽƵ˷̺߸Сͽƣߵ֮໥ӣ棬˷ǳ֮ǿֻо֮ͨˣ⿪߻ϵݼȶ˳һһƿɡ
Ҫͨƿ¼ʿҲһʱġ
ȴǿйҴӱۼͲϢƺڲǰֻһ˳ƻġ
Щ˼ǰ˵֮ˣҲ򵥡ת˼
֮Ⱥħ˴ߴ٣һεҲʯš
ಡಡƿ
ħͬ׷ƶһ
ԣЩħ֮Խ粽룬Ԥ;ͻȻı
ʯ֮һ¹Ĵһˮ鿳ȣƬĺɫʯٲֱͨǰͷٲУȪͣʶ£·ߵͲƽĺɫʯϣһƬƬˮཻ֮£·һɶ˶˵ˮ֮£Ҳһζ
ƽʱ˵ͣƷһȻûд飬Ʈ󣬾ڳȵľͷ׷Ϊħˡ
ȵľͷȴһЩŹֵˮأ֮ˮٲ
˿̵ˮϣȴһƬƬСһİɫ壬ƺһƬƬһ㣬ɢɢƯš
û뵽ˮҲˣǵץʱˣΪ׵Ļħ˵һ֮󣬱ֱӻһƬƵĴˮ֮һɶ
ħ˿еķδˣҴһˮ֮ҲֱӺڹһĴϷ˹ȥ
һֽͨΪķƣЩƣȴһĶѱ˸ٻˡ
ûжú뼸ħ߳һƬɽȵڸ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ԶԶܸеڹһ޵Ϣʮǿ֮ǰɫʯϲмơ
ԻΪ׵ļħˣҲͬӦ˹ˣһ֮󣬷׷̧˫ǰһһ֮ķӡ
ʱ֮ϣһƻҺɫϢĻһɹɹҷ磬һʧԭء
ˣһļͷͬ˳ͼϢϢļǱС
򲢲ڷһ̫ߵС֮ɽһš
Ŀһɨ֮£ȴһ
ȴɿɽȾͷһԼɸߵľʯסǰȥ·Ĺâ谵ĵԵΪĿ
ʯǰȴһɫѣݵŮӰ˫ͣ۳һӨķģǰıС
ʯ⣬ŷĵû룬˸š
һ˿Ȼرһ·ƿ֮ˣǰʯȻһơ
Ŀһת֮£ͨɽȾͷ·ϣ˿˿ƵĻҺɫȻǰƮۼȥ
һȴûмǰǾôվϣҲĿǰһС
ЩҺɫƮӰɾʱͻȻٵǰһһ̱Χס˺ɫŮӣ͵صһתĻߵɫӰ
ħˣ
˷һֳκ󣬱ǳĬͬʱһֱ̧ۣ߾˲¶ڰзɿһֱ۴ֵĻɫŮӼȥ
ΧסŮӷӦ죬˳ֵ˲䣬һͣзһ߳ϵĺɫѾͬϼγһֱغɫ쫷磬С
һʱ䣬쫷
ۡۡ
߸ɫħһмɫ磬ڽɢٴλһƵĻ޷ֺ
ߣħ˾͵Ϯңɫ֮УһöŮ
䣬ɫͻȻſƣƺҪ͵ϮħϤС
Ǽħƺһûеϣû¶ɫŲæķ׷һϣɫħתͣ
һֻۣмһץߵŨĻħм䵯
ЩɢɫεƮҡħںħӿͻȻٴ̺һɴСĻħצм͵һץȥ
Ůɫ羹·߸ħצ޵ֿһ㣬ʱۡһ䳤ֱûУ
ħϣʱ¶һĹЦݡ
΢΢һݣܾЩԾӡ
Ȼ벻һĻˣ
ԭɫ磬ɿĳмСԸٶת
ż촫֮кһʢٷɿȥ¶еӰ
ûеֻħצȴӰˡ
ħ˺ȻЩŵм䴦ȥ
ҲͬĿȥ
ħм䣬һԼŮվħм䡣
ŮֵģǴǰϵǼɫѣһһȾİɫװһͷٰ˳֬ǵľɫգȣҲ˿
ȻһǣŮü֮¶ϢҶüмƣһЩ֮Уһ˿˵Ȼ֮
ڴʱħͬʱһͺȣٴεһץ
䡱䡱
ߵڷ˷һĳڴŮ֮ڣڷ֮кХһȻĺɫС棬ǵصĳŮȥ
ЩħÿһдСӼһ㣬ҲǺƣͷֻƶС۾һǯӰ¶


912 ս
ŮֻɨһΧһɫѵ粨˰趯
֮иֳһɫϼʼʮƣŴŮӿ죬ϼԽԽࡣ
ŮҲ֮ģһ֮£ŸһģһӰںϼиֶ
һʱ䣬ݺύɫϼӰ£ɫװŮһ˫ź趯ѣÿһԵôȻƮ磬ͬߣһ
ƻõһĻˣһԳ
һ̣һҧ⣬һֱ͸ľʹ̼£Ȼɫ΢ĵĻ
⹬װŮ֮֮ңУľͶɲѰʿɱġ
ڴʱԶͷƤ
ǵصĺɫħ棬ħ˵Ŀ£أһͷĺϼ֮С
ԭڵĺɫħ棬һۻҵɫϼУٶȱһͣЩλβ
ЩװŮкɫ赭дһ֮£ֻʮֻɫħɢٶȻħ
ֻħʵ̫࣬䱻˲֪٣ʣħԾɲϵӿ롣
ֻǵЩħ津װŮ˲䣬Ǿһ»Ϊ׹ɢˣƺֻһ߻Ӱѡ
Ȼһ̣մһһɫӰٴθֶкɫٴ趯
һ㹤ԭǵصĺɫħ棬㱻˰࣬еĹװŮȴԾǾŸƺһ㣬ֻħļ٣貽ӯ
ͬʱĺϼԽԽ࣬ΧҲѾɢȦΧħˡ
δȼħκηӦϼ֮УһɫӰһĳһħ
ħɫһ䣬ɿһתһֻƵһָ̽һֵĳǵɫӰһƻ
䡱һ졣
ǵɫӰһ޷ֵľһâһʹ˻Ϊ׹ɢ
Ȼδħ˻عٴθֳһɫװŮͬʱһɫѳħͷһ֣ħ˵Ķһһ۳䱳һץһֻץסͷԭһת֮󣬱㽫侶ֱĳԶһ˦
顱һ
ħ˱صˤ˵ϡ
ȻħƺûʲôˣͷкɫϼƣĿأЩ֮С
һ飬ĺɫħ棬߷֮һƺɢ
һߣһɫӰһĳһħ編Ƶͨкɫѳͷһ֣丹һĳ
ħϵĺɫħꡱһɢͬĳһַ˳ȥ
ӴŮʼ֣ӳħˣ֮Ĺ
ŮչֳĹͿֲʵв΢΢һݡ
´Թ۵ʲôʱĪǲҪżеı𣿡ͻȻһΪ׵Ļӡ
ת䣬ڻһεĻһӰǰȥ
Ӱٶȼ죬Ŀתۼ㻯һߣ;ģĻѵĺӰһ֮󣬱㻯ĵӰ֮һٵģǰսڷɳ۶ȥ
ףﾹȻһСӣ
ĹװŮУͻȻһöһ·𲻴һ˿ɫʡ
Ƭ̼乤ħˣװŮԹкɫѣˤ˳ȥ
˿ԭزٿغɫħħˣͬڣˣмɫϼеĺɫħ棬Ҳֻв֮һˡ
Ϊ׵Ļַһͣüͷȴ΢΢
ڴʱĵƵӰڳݺύĺɫϼǰ˵һͷ˽ȥ
ĵӰâһ֮һζǰͬʱһװŮ£ȥ
ɫϼⲻ֪ΪΣӰȴƺӰ죬ЩӰϼкֱײ
װŮһ˿ɫźǰһкɫжʱ³һɫϼĵӰȥ
ĵӰںɫϼ޶һ㣬˷֮΢΢һΣȰıܿϼ⣬˹װŮߣͬʱ׷̧һ죬һץȥ
װŮ֮оһɢĺɫϼ֮кȻһһĽǶȵء
ۡ
ɫϼһĴӰ֮жӰʱУ׷׻һźڹɢ
ʱһӰѾȰڴŮ󣬲һ̧䱳ĿڴһĶȥ
װŮ֫һŤ˺Ӱ漴ΰתĵһӣֱȴֱӴһź֮жٴ˸ա
ʱһһӰһ¶һֻƵ˶ȭͷѾƻʵĺ
ŮѾˣֻɫ΢ǿͬһֻӭȥ
䡱һ
һɫһֺһС嵱һɺڷ𣬲һĵ𸽽һ
ۡۡͬʱ
İ˸װŮӰͬݺύĺɫϼ⣬ʱ׷׻㾧ɢһա
һȭδԴŮʲô˺ʩչĻȴһˤֱƳˡ
װŮȴɫһ֮£һһѪ˳Ȼƣ֮ҲǲС
Ŀһɨһ˿Īĸ֮ɫ
ͬʱɫڵʣħˣȻһ˿ϲɫзһ䣬ʣĺɫħ׷ڰһĺɫħŵϵĹװŮΧ˹ȥ
ಡ
ɫħһ߲ĺɫСһ㣬ŹװŮɵת˲䣬˴Ůϣ˸ʵʵ
Ϊ׵ƺģһһźڝķƮڹһ󣬱㻯һĺɫװŮ档
ԭװŮˤȥǼħˣ˿ҲŮĻת׷ĳӿ˹ٴνŮΧм䡣
˿̵ĹװŮӣ˫ĿɫħƣԭµյøΪ˼֣޵ȴǺޱ飬ƺסĲԼһ㡣
ѹΪĴ½ɣħͨ죬ҲôģѻǡӺٺһЦ˵﷽˵һ룬ŮϺȻֳİɫģͬʱһɿֲ
ꡱ
ɫ֮ϣʱһƣۿɼٶȷɿӿ
ħ˼״󾪣׷˫һ죬ųһɫħԴԴϵĳڣħ֮ƽıϡ
ɫ΢΢Ĳ͵ֹ


913 β
ˣС⡱һ£һɼΣոо̴ĵױ붼һΣȥ
ͬʱеŮѾͨ׹Ŀһģ󣬾ȻΪһͷѩ
Ůһޡ
δȼħʩչֶΣһضɽҡľƬɫɫ˿ըѶͬʱһɿֲ˿
ͬڵħˣ׷׵ŵŵĵ˳ʮſסΡ
ͬʱԭشһɻҝһ󣬾ֻʣһͷоֱ۰βҡѩ׾޺
ԭĺɫѲӰ
ɫ˫Ŀ֮У빬װŮһ޶Ȼ֮ɫһ֣Ŀ˹
ɢŮȻѾ֮ǰ浤ڣ̼䱩ǵ浤ڴԲ磬ħɫΪ֮䡣
Ҫ֪Ͻؾ֮Уǲ浤ΪģŮƾΪ˿̱ؾ֮׵ĴˣҲһ֮ңΪ壬֮ǿ󣬸Զʤͬ״ڡ
Ϊ׻ħ֮£תһſڣ³һС
ʶһĽҡ
˵֮£ֶξҪ׶༪ˡ
δȶ˲ȡһĶɫԭȻһڶ֮Ȼģ
һ̣ΪħǰӰһ˾͡顱һ·㵹ɳȥɫСӸ߶ֺ
ӰһΣһʧ
ţ顱顱˷
ʣħˣͬ޷֮ķ׷ױһɡ
ɲǼ䣬ٵΪħ˾ȫ˵һأȫȥһ飬·𱻾ػһ㣬һ˿޷ֺ
ʱаӰһΣβ׺ұĿ⿴
һҪʱ򣬶ȴͻȻŮ࣬ҪҲˣ
ɫһ䣬վԭزһˡ
ʱβһգһģ󣬾»ûΣͬʱ֮УһƬϼһµϣԭǼɫѡ
ԭζҲǼѲغ£ҵֵĻһֵġΪħȻڵ޷ȴ¶ĳͺ
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δվȣװŮһ̧֣һǿİɫХٴκȻɣҵһɽ֮ϡ
һΣȻΪħ˿¼ѪһʱҲ޷˵ˡ
ȰǻʵʵţȻɱЩ߸ȤȻ͵ϮңȻ׵աװŮԲм˵
Ŷӵ˼ǡɫһĿˡ
Ϊ鷳һȻҲƿᵢ鲻ʱ䡣ȡżеĳﻰұῼǷŵǼˡԸ⻰Ҳ⽫ֱǰ֮УˡŮĿɨˣޱ˵
Ȼҵ룬ҲذЩ˽⣬֪㷽ŻģֻҪһĻǵȷ÷һģΪħڻָ侲˵
ħ˹ȻµȻǰ˵һѾ˵úˣҵԼ뿪ʣ±Ҫ㾡ƾȥñǣҲӡŲţҲɲˣװŮԴ˵һ
ಡһ
һööɫļһŵûħڣƺĳֽơ
ͬҲδܻ⣬Ҳһöɫļ
һԥҲͿЦһӲˡ
ڼŮĿֲʵɲΪԼܿһѡ
ֻɫû봦һ֮бӿ룬ϢȻ䷴˼֣Ŀ΢΢һʹ·ӡʲôһ㡣
ʶһɨȻ麣֮ϣһɫĹŹַģתţɢһ
ǲضʲôǻָ̺ҵһ˿꣬ǲʲôͲҶ˵ˡˣȥǿʯĽƿɡװŮ򵥽˼󣬾ͺ˷Ըٵһħϵİ˿ƾɢ
ħ˵׷׷ɿԷµҩ
Ϊħ˸Ŀºƺ˴䣬ʹħ޴ʯȥ
װŮ򲻿ԭϥ£һƿƵģ
ĿϥŮһɨҲʯ߹ȥ˫΢е´ͣ
˶ʯɷһĹĻ˵ŵĳ۲ŶУ۶˴ӡһЩİ˽ͼ˸ӡŰ˸۾ֻ˸۾дСеĴţĿеȴС̶̬죬ͬ
˽ͼһܾԼı伮֮ϼȴһʱ벻
˿̴УѾӨϷİ˽ͼУҲϵ۾ͼͬ˾Ө⡣
ƺֻ轫ͣעЩУЩ۾ͼɽˡΪħ˿˰κ˵
ħһԲƺĬ˴˵жϡ
ȻҲ뷨ЩԣȴҲһʱ˵ʲô
ȻҲ𵢸ʱˡѾ͸ұߵģ±ҵȽɡΪħ˼˵ϵ˵
ħеˣ˫һ̧ʼĴ߶ħ۳һɫģֱߵĵŵĹС
ˣҲͬ۳һööķģעұߵĹС
ż˴ķû빵ۣжʱһӨĹӳ
ʯɫĻҲ֮˸
Źʯ쳣֣Ҳ
ħĬĿŹעķٶȣʯϵĸͬԽԽ
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ʣħ˵Э£ͬʱ
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ϷǸ˽ͼʣϵ۾ͼ
ֻĳ۾ͼֻһͻȻʺѪ
ã
˾ʱɫһ䣬ͬʱһļͷʱţţӰһֶͬʱ˫һţɳ
һԵļħ˻δüӦʯϾ͡һ
һֱ۴ϸѪɫѪɫ۾ͼб˲䶴˴ĳħͷ­
ħ˵һͣ漴顱һѿһκںɫѪ⡣
ħ˴󾪣ͬʱһҲ˿ȥ
ڴʱ
ѪɫȻһΪΪĵٴγħϼȥ


914 Ŀͼ
ھʮַֽͻȻ˿̲˿ʮɣħҲ˳ʮɡ
һԵħɫ䣬ҪҲ
ǧһʱ̣ȴͻȻһͣ˷ǰһʣͷţӰһڳһХһɫ¶һ֮£㽫ӭѪɫ·ʳһ㱻ţһԵС
ͬʱһ
һԣצԴֱϷɴֱܶǰʯϵǸ˽ϵѪɫ۾ͼ
¡¡һ죬ʯѪɫ۾ͼΪĵѿʯĽ
ԶĹװŮĿô˾֮һ˿ɫ
ĵѪɫȻһ
֮ţӰ㾧âɢٴϼһĻصͷ
ΪħųһĿ΢Ŀһۣ˵Щʲô
δ仰ڣԭʯײۡһȻһƬɫϼ⣬һɴСķֶ
Ǽ˵Ҳⲻ֪⡮Ŀͼ󡯣һĿǲܼ𣿡ǰӰһװŮȰĸֶ˵
ʲôǴ˽ƣ˵ΪЩġ
ԣȻһ
˿̲ĿͼһϹ󣬴̬һԭͬ־ǰ˸̬һĿ
ֻǴֻв֮˲֪һĿܼû˿Ǿֻƾղ²ˡ
װŮ˵Ҳ֪Ѿƴ󣬻ǹŪˡ
ڴʱװŮһ£ǰķ֮Уһº͵⽫֮󣬱һģʧԭء
ˣҲͣһҲ̤뷨֮С
һһ֮һת֮дٿΧ֮ٲȻһûʵĹ֮С
˹Լʮɣһ⻬羵İɫʯɣڴǶһ뻮һ¹ʯŵ΢⡣
ڴʯڵķ⣬ӳյóޱȡ
ڴľͷһɫĹĻ֣Ļ֮ƺһֻ޴ĹӰһڴС·һƼޱȣݳ
ڹĻǰԶĿյϣһɫȹɫѵ幬װŮС
ƺͶĶŮһɨ

ͬһʱ䣬һƬܲͨڹСɽɽڣͼӵһ̫ŵӣڴ
ⶴΪ̫ŵʮķɢУеϥеںɡ
ĳ䴦ӣϥš
ʦ֣Ѿܳʱˡ˵һ˳ĻʦѾǻϲŶԣȥ»ʦ𽻴֮¡Դص˵
˵û˴ĸ챦⼸Ѿҵһˣʱ뿪˵ˡͻͷɨһ̫ŵӣе˵
һ˴ϣҵȴ뿪Ǹô졣Щĵʵ
Ҳûа취飬Ϊһ˶ŵļƻ֪ͨȥڴһҹһ磬㶯ȥһĿꡣʦ⣬ǼȥҲ˷ʱ䣬ûг£˵ԵʱˣҲûټȥıҪˡͺٺһ˵
ͬʱһ֮УŷٻŷŮҲС˵ʲô
ٻ㣬ϽȻǧĶ츣أʮյĹջ֮࣡ȻȥҪϽ̫Ŵ룬һЩѰؾջǲܱȰŷٴ˿ϲ̵ϵһֻһ˷֮ɫ˵
ǲܵģҪһʼмλ̫ϳϵĶûл̫еӺǿûԼһΣգ»ÿԼˡŷٻȴûŷǰɣü΢˵
ٺ٣ٻ㲻ΪǼһﵣģСֶζأŷԣȴЦ˵
ѾͷȡЦ㣡ŷٻԣ˫΢

պħڹװŮ£ֽƳżеؽơ
֮ǰǰ֮ǰҲðʧˣȻٶһЩڵҲһ·Ϊ˳
ڼ䣬һҵķ֮ڣֵһҳƾɵ伮ͼδݡ
֪ǷΪһʿżʲôԵʣֲ⼸ħˣװŮӣԲĸؼȲ̫ģֻżȥƺֻıǴеĿġ
⼸յ̽żҲһЩ
żӦǴ˽ĳܴڵĵ¶ƺʮ־ͨ󷨽ơ
Ҫʱ̫ãƶ˿»޷ߵġ
Ȼ֪˭Ľ֮Ҳʮֵ
˿̣һúɵĽȺУͨ˴ʵȴͬһԹһ㡣
Щֽأ쳣ͨǿдеĻȫֿԣֻͨһһƣͰ롣
˿̣һڝĴУһɴСνɫ󣬵סǰͨ
˷ɫǽΧɣÿһǽһɫ״绡߲ͣʱķڡ׵罻֮
봦һųСĵɫԲڰ֮Уתͣš
ӦþˣȻʹ׵ΪķӡƣˣǿԿʼˡװŮ׿еһƵͼ޵¶һ˿ϲɫ
׵ƣħ壬вСĿãӡȷʵٺò̶ֻȵĽƷƺҲ̫ªһЩΪħĿɫЦһ˵֮һһħʹ˸ɫ
ħ˻⣬һһǰһһһɫս׻Ȼֶգۼϡ
ս֮ϣһɫ˿߱鲼ǰ׵âӳ£ŵ⣬սϣֱӡһ֪Ĺġ
б׹ЧļƷսףû뵽ħΪ˴˵أҲɷѿģװŮƳһħˣޱ˵
ʱħ˫һɫͻȻһɫ⣬һһǽڸǰ˫ǰһ죬ɿһ
֮
ɫҴܵĵǽӲһȱڡ
һʱ䣬ҴܵĽɫ߷׷׷һתĳ伤ȥգۼ㵽ǰ
ֻЩһɫױɫ󣬱׷ɢټ
еЩߣ޷ƿս׵Ļ֣
ˣϲһ˿ɫ
͵ħǰҪԾ֮ʱͻ
ӷһɫ绡Ȼ;һ¶һ˿ɫ˿һĳħü伤ȥ


915 ټ
顱һ
ϸߵɫ˿˲䴩͸ǼνļƷħսףֱӻħ˵Ķͷϡ
ħʹһҽ֮󣬱֮һŻҽ˿δ¡
ǵɫ˿һ󣬾еļأ»صС
ԭħ˳ſ׵ǽϷ϶ʧȥħ˵ļӳ֣ѷҲ˲ֺˡ
˼ˣɫȫ˲ʮѿΪħ˸ǵгˡסĸ֡
ⲻܣֻо֮ſܴڣҿû˵ʲôܽ£ܴеġһħˣҲɫ૵
װŮҲһ˿֮ɫȻĿһۡ
Ҫ֪ͨ׵ħ˶ŲСĿã׵Ŀãٶ˵ʲôˡ
Ȼ֮࣬вһЦ
Ҳѹ֣ڳ֮˽Լ壬ǰִ࣬һβҲˡ
˵治ΪϽ棬˽ѵһľ׾ȻҲ
࣬ǰʩչ׵ӦɵЧȥƵɡװŮڻˡ
ħҲͷ
ɴ߶ͼ׿ûʲôȫģ±һЩСԣڻص
޷һ˿׼ףǰħʹõħҪǿϲ٣⻹һű飬Ҳ׵ĲӰ죬ԽһáԸ֣ǾɲԼˡװŮص
䣬ֱϵĴ֮ȡһսףһҩСŰ׹Բ顣
ҵͬеԵɣҲΪӦԴƶģȷѴչֵʱˡΪħҲٺһ˵
ˣȻ֪ѡأֻÿЦһӦֽӹŮе׷
˵ӡľ׽⣬ͼ֮ЧӦò̫⡣
Լһ㽫ս׺ֱӴϣͬʱ߶ڷע뵽ս֮С
촫
ɫսڷע󣬱һϸܵĽ˿ȻսױһƬɫ棬΢΢ڡ
ֽǿŰ׹ı麬˿С
鷽һڣһɹȵůԲÿū澸ֻһ֮ȫµƤ棬Ҳֳһ㵭⡣
ҹ۲죬˽Ҫеľ׻֣ʹ˸޷ֺ֮ܽ࣬ҲǿĽɫԲƻӭжˡΪħ˴ɫ״绡ǵ׵編Ƭ̣Ȼ˵
һЦһΣ㳯ɫǽһȥ
ֻۡһ죡
ǵǽδ㱻Ľɫбܿ¶һͨһ˵ȱڡ
һ֮£㳤ֱͨȱڣ뵽˽ɫ׵編֮С
ʱ׵編ըһ㣬žըΧһɫ׵˷Ŀӿ
һСЩɫ绡һӴ壬㱻սϵĵɫ׷׵޷ֺ
ܼĴִ绡ݺսϣڴƤϵתҲһı˿ȥ
Ȼ鴫
ת֪Լ˿вǲеľˡ
Ȼ˿У޷ĸоɫ׵֮Ͼȡһףһ˿ߡ
һ߷ųʶʱעΧһ򻺲ĳ֮ȥ
顱һ
һԭĽɫߣͻȻ;кȻѿһϸɫ׵ɢ绡мٶ֮죬ʯһ㡣
ȴǶԴһ㣬֫һŤһεı㿪顱һ
ǵɫͻȻһתԡһֱüȥ
һ붼ֱһ̧ɫ˿һûС
ڷ˿˲䣬ֱֻһ飬һʹӱдһ֮ʱ֮ѾǽһƬˡ
˿ս׺ͱ飬ɫ׵磬յ⣬ȴǼ޵ֿ֮һı䶴
ǵɫ׵һֺ󣬱һûڶɫ绡Уʹ˲ټ
һԵĹװŮʣµħ˼ûֱӺƺҲɫһɡ
˿̾뷨ദĵɫԲҲˣ˲˵ֱۣһһֱֻһһֻĻͷӰһԲХȥ
䡱һ
ɫͷӰֱͦͦײ˷ŽԲ֮ϣʹ˱Ѷ
ΧŽɫԲһԲ鱾º󣬱Ȼһϸϸѷ졣
ΧΪħ˼ˣбһϲһߵĹװŮӣȴһ˪ı顣
ڴʱ顱һһִڿǰ˲䣬ȻѶеһָϸɫ˿ǰǸʮϴϸ
һ飬˲ȫÿë붼һȣͷһţӰȻӿֶȫС
ɫ˿һȶţӰһûɫսУźһػϡ
Ȼʱɫ˿Ѿǰһִ󣬵Ȼһ֪Լ޷ƾ֮˴ִľףڸеȵ˲䣬һҧĽעؿϵӡУзӡֱӴ򿪡
һͲŵ麣֮дؿڵɫӡͻȻ䷺һɫ⡣
麣ϷġٵĴӦһ𵴣ͻȻҲһϸ˿ɫ˿мһúûڵĴִɫ˿ӭͷײһ
һž죬߾һ۳һţһת󣬾Ҫڳױ
ʱְֳķɿһһɫ绡Ȼֶ·˲仯Ϊһ㡣
ͬʱ麣еġٵ飬Ȼһģʧ
һ̣۳ŵľ׸һʮžֶ֮ľ˿зͽԶʤǰľװ
һбһȦȦֲϢ־˿˲仯ΪС
ƴ߶ɫһףſһžѪһͺָƴһ㡣
顱һ
Ѫ˲仯ΪöѪɫģһ󣬷׷ûؿϵɫӡͼϡ
ɲǼ䣬ڵоһҲһٴγ麣Уڶྦྷ˿ҲӲ˽ȥ
⡱
һͺȣͬʱһ
麣еһʮöͬʱһȥٵһת۳ɡٵ̬


916 ս
һɫ绡׷׵ɢؿɫӡҲһĹâ麣۶ɵġٵ΢˼º󣬾ͳ׻ָƽ
űԭ屶ľףڱǿ·ӡ
ʱҲΪǱѾڣһƬ
־ϲ֮£ۼȻһɫ󣬵û˿ɵһȣ˫۱ƣٴǿڰյĽԲ
䡱һҲһ΢΢ĻζɫԲֻһεûбѶ
һܵ߾ٴ˵ϣȴϼµĹӲֱƿ֡
ô˻һҧһתȡһˮ飬ĹעУȻֺݺһȭ
ۡһ
ˮֶΪһСɽӰеĽɫԲ֮һȥͬʱҲȭͷַɳΪһʵĺɫԣצһ˶
һ죡
ǿŵɫԲСɽӰԽ£ڱѺ۸ֶһԱ
׵ƣͬǽʱɢһա
ʣĽɫ֮һ֮󣬾ͷ׷ʧӰ١
ʱһɿóһϡ
һħ˼Ƴ˽ƣ¶ϲɫװŮ¶֮ɫ¶֮ɫ˵ܺãԭҲֻǴһԣû뵽㾹ȻƳӾ׵׵ơűѪ㣬һȥȻٲĺô
Ů˵⻰һű̵ҩ
лһһѽҩ£ϸȷȷ˵ҩ󣬾Ͳһ¡
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ֻһ𣬽ɫս׾лΪһŽߣͬʱһȣҲѿڶŮ
װŮһպ󣬾ԹԵļǰˡ
ħ˼ˣһԲĽȥ
ͬʱŸоѪЧֻһѪȺϥ
Ƭ̹ԭֽ֮̿ϣʵѪɿ·һĺָܿԪڵķҲһӳӯ
Ƭ̺˶ֱۣԭľ֮ѾʧжްϵƣѾָ߰˰ˡ
һɨ֮ʱŮֵĽȻں󣬲ٴοЦһͬǰȥ
׵ƵĺһĳȣԼ֮ɵʯ֮ϣĵŸʽͼ
д󲿷ֶһЩ˽ϡޣҲ֮ǰɱ֮ʱĹһЩص伮ԴʱʮϳȻˣԲ治ѡ
͵ϸĴʯ֮ʱȻоȵľͷоҵС顱Ĵ
ʱɫ䣬Ϊͬһʱ䣬ڱװŮ½ƾʼЩȼ
һСƼȺжԷһ˿꣬ŮĪǴŮʲôⲻɣ
ת䣬˫ʮָһɹɾķ麣Ѿ۳״һʮŽᾧ֮пӿһɫϢöƷ֮ϣǿн̺Ŀѹס
ţһһ֮£㻯һӰĳȾͷɱȥ
ԼĪ֮ĿǰٶȣĹ򣬱˳ȵľͷ
ǰһĻȴһ
ԻΪ׵ħˣ˿ΧһȦƴװŮ
⼸ƺĳֱѱǵ࣬ÿ˶ɫħϵʧӰ٣¶˲ɫƵ棬ԭݣǱûҺһƬŤһ˫ֱ۴˿ҲñȴǰȦ͹ʮָָױüޱȣа趯䣬ΪצӰĳ幬װŮΧȥ
Ѿбµƣ÷ʱѹ֧ŶáװŮֳǼɫѣɾƬƬϼצӰ£˵
ѻһ֮Ůų͵ϮҵȣҪ̴˴ҵֻҪնɱµĽƱܲƣнˡΪħ˲ͺһ˵
ݹһ֮󣬾սŸֳΣĿ΢΢һ
ƾҲƽⱾĽƣЦΪԼǿ𣿡װŮȴֻɨһۣЦһĻص֮촽Źƴ
δü˵ЩʲôֻؿһƵ͸ϮȻ˫صĵ˵ϣһʹ಻ı顣
ΧסװŮħˣȻҲͬܵ˽֮Ӱ죬ξҵĲڷһͳŭ֮ȴͻȻ˷أװŮһ˶ȥ
գ˫ǰһ죬ֻģ˲ûһƬģĺɫӰһƾ˵Ŀɲо
װŮˣһ˿֮ɫһɫɢٴλһɫɢӭ˷ӭĺɫӰ
ۡۡ
Ӱһɫ磬׷ûеɢɫҲѸٱ
ڴʱװŮȴɫľһЩ֧г
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ɫħħ˶ʱ˸գ̧һۺ󣬷׷׵ǰһץ˺ѳһѷ죬һС
˿̵ͷ󺹣ֳŵ֮£ǿʹǿվ
˿ĸо麣֮еöԽĲɢȻʧȥ˿ƣԼ߶ᾧסѱٵ侳ˡ
̧֮ʱȴŮһɫŷ˶ɫӰһٴνΧסС
¸¡Ӳˣ
ħ˲ͬʱĹЦ֮Żɫħ棬Ȼ
ˣһһáǿڵĲʣȻһţȥ
յĹװŮȴü΢΢һſڣ³һöӨ͸İɫԲ飬ʮְָطɿͣ
ɫԲһţ͸ɫϼзɾͬ˿һɿգۼγһ˿ϼ룬ŮС
ڹװŮոһʱ¡¡һӰд
ħĻɫħ׷ըѶжʱһʮɷΧŨܻɫǣҵʹҲһضɽҡ
һɫӰӹеɶ顱һǡصԡ
ǹװŮ˿ĿգѪ죬ͷǱ͸һ˶Ŀ׶һƻɫħ̾˿֮ϡ


917 ħ
æһݵ˿̸оȫʹȻʧһɣȡ֮ģ麣еöٴξҲ޷ѹסĸо
ͬһʱ䣬桰žડžડ
һҺɫѪ⣬ӰеŨУɢɢ׹һأͬʱһŻȳ֮ڿ
Щħ˸ղžȫԱˡ
ɫ粻ʱ򣬹װŮС̡һëһĿ
ɨһ۲Զȴû˿õ۳סɿʺ쵤ҩ̷ȥɿĿʼ߻ҩ
ȻŮˣɫ԰ף֪Ϊӡôһȴһ˪ӡ
ˣЦһ
ŮʼնûȥЩɢħѪ⣬ģǰָƣ֪ǵ񾭴ʲôֶ޿֣Щ
˵ӼŮʼƽ˵ǿУʼһ䵭ĬıɽģȻھճ£Ҳмֱζʩչʱıȴȫˡ
һˡ
ֻŮԼµĽδԼȻҲ޷뿪˵أ
ת䣬һĽ֮ϣŮҲ˼ɱ֮
װŮƺҲܵϵɱü΢΢һĿͬһ˿֮˹
˫ĿһоҪ㿪˵Щʲô
һߵͻȻһļ
һȥɫһ䡣
ŨܻɫͻȻҵķмԽԽСգۼʮɴС£˽ֱɴСˡ
ԭɢһصĻҺɫħѪ⣬ҲȻͬһ䶯ϷɫС׷ڿն𣬳Ϸɿľ£ȥ
ħѪĻ룬вϴġžը졣
ֻʶһɨԼоڰеɫУħѪѾۼСţڲϻ۾޴УͬʱɢĹϢҲǽڽС
װŪ
װŮͻȻվԥĳһġ
ۡһ
һξʱɳʯĿȥһӴȴţ뺣κϢˡ
˹һĻŮһ״ֳ֮ɫ
ͬʱȴǰΪħ˵ĵͳٺ٣Ϊβָ֮ĵͦ죬ǱѪ˵ЧմȾħضһʱ޷öٷɣ
µĽƣѾƳˡҲһͨħô򵥰ɣװŮźԶһУƮڲԶĺɫУͬʱвͣ䶯ţһһʵ
ߣ˭ûҪ֪ˣȻ½ұƵʩչֶΣȻǲˡȻ溮ޱ
䣬һɹŻȳϢһɹɳħӻɫŨɢ˷ϯȥ
ˣɫ΢䣬һѹڵĴģһ߲ͣ۲еţɫͬء
Ƭ̹еѾɴСԼֱ˫ͷ­Ϊģ
ݣƾ㣿װŮЦ
ƾ
䡱һ죬еĻɫŨȻɢ¶һɸߵħΡ
ħ˵ò֮ǰΪħһģһֻҪ׳˶Ϣ˲ޱߣֱͻ浤ڣ
ˡһȻ
󾳣д˵Ϊν˵صģװŮҲһС
ٺ٣ԱΪԭȷ޷ֱӽ˵صģǻΪĻأħ˺ٺһЦ˵üǵ֮ɫ
ԭǰǼˣķѡ˵ΪϢΪ˽ӽڴ֮ǰѾʧһ߷ΪƳֲϧԱʵҲǲСɣο˽ݲ󾳴ڣȻָҲҪܽ淨֮ɣ޷άΪðɡװŮɫºѿ˵
˵Ĳڴ˽ȷ޷ʱά֣ԱҲٷϻʲô˵ؽѾƳĲˣСˡħЦ󣬵۷ɿһһ죬ħڰһֻʮɴСĺɾħצӰһ߰ĻɫħƲѣƾ
Ұʱƣȴ뿪Щʱ䣬ȫѹס֮һֶͬԵУװŮҲʮֹ֮ˣħ˶ֵ˲䣬Ȼһεĳߣзɿ˵ţͬʱָһһɫһڡ
ڰ׹˲䣬ֻȻһɣԭĴҴܵ˲صöУ麣ƽ־ϲԥһǰİ㺣ޣϳһᡣ
ಡһ
ɫһڣһѱװŮһɫݹ⣬ʱͨڴ
ȻħֳҲֻкŮһ·ˡ
¡¡һ
˶ĺɫħצɫӰĺȴ˸գֱײ빬װŮԭڵĵ֮ϡ
ʱһУķʯϯ
ɿȥϺȻһ֮ľ޴צӡ
ӹװŮڣͷ޼Ů룬ٵħצ£ǰ󲻹ϢĹ򣬿ν硣
Ӧͦ죡Ҫǻӣ
ħûϵٵΪӦٶȾ֮죬ͺһٴλһŻɫħӰ£׷׷ȥ
˿̵һ߷ǰͨӴܣбһ޹ǰ䣬һʮֺŵ˱Ƕҡ
ȴֻޱķ߶ڷ˫ƴעȥ˳׻Ϊһ⡣
װŮȴû뵽ὫԼһѱ뻳УȻعȴܾɿĵˣԼӾЩڶԷĻС
ŮܵӶԷ˶ϴ£˫ղһƬ糺죬ԭ޾׵գеĸ޶˼֡
Ҫ֪ӵеľβѪʹĴ½ҲǴӳָĴʣòˣĴ½Ľ֮ˣвΪ֮ˣڼԭȴδһ˽ļӴ
ֻһ˽ż֮£ħ˵ľ綾Щ֮ʣʿȴܵϵĴԼһܣвһ˿ĸо
ָоʮֵңԶСʱԼ游Լ־ΥİȫС
һ˿ܿͱŮǿаȥˣСĿϵĽ޷Լ˿ݵ뷨


918 
ŮٴĿһɨȥüȴ΢΢һ
ȻǰľƵȷֹۡ
޼׾ӳ֣ûϵ£Զ󾳵ħˣ
˾ϢĹħľ룬ҲͲǰʮɶˡ
һٴγͨĳڴǰĲ׵編ǰ
Ŀһɨȴ΢΢һ
˿̵ηУٴξۼ˲ٵĽɫߣγһ׵ϱڣֻеľȻѲˡ
ҵȳʱְܷȡЩʱ䣬ֻҪϢ򼴿ɣɿĳеĹװŮɿ촫
װŮ䲻֪Ҫʲôȴԥĵͷ
һ̣һ֮£ŹװŮһͷٴĵɫ׵編֮УͬʱһƬϼ仳һƾյһת»һʮɴСĺɫĻ׵編ĺ󷽡
С
󷽵ħֻǰͻȻһƬɫڱߣһЦֱһ̧УһֻħӰٴ۶ǰĺɫĻ
ˣѸǰĵ֣ɿһӡһָͬʱзɿд
һͲŵ촫ձյһϸ˿ɫףʱӡٵһ͸ָ⡰ڡһڷڻ£һû˺ɫĻС
䡱һ
ħӰȻ˺ɫĻ֮ϣĻͬһƲһ㱻ֱӵ˺
ţһɫӰһı˺ĺɫĻԾ׵編
׵֮
ɫӰһ̤׵編һɫâӷһüĴȥ
ħħ˼ɫ䣬Ҫǲ⧲£ǰһ񵲡
ֻ䡱һ
ħɴСӴ壬㱻ֱĵأֱײһʯ֮ϡ
ϵĹɫħҲۡһɢ¶һƬ̿壬һֱֻۣѾֱ˿ֱӻΪ̿ı߽⣡
ħ˱ЩŤױø༡鴤ѣһʮʹӡ
ףܣ˴ĽѾƻˣΪλоףħһżͷĶϱ֮ŭӵĵͺ
ܴδħˣȻģȴһ˿Ȼ
жǿȻˡ
Ϊ׵Ƶħˣ׻к󣬾Ȼһ˿Ԥˡ
Ȼħ˸һ׵編󣬵ʵʧȥ˾״˽ƶǰħֽһ㡣
һת󣬵ڷгħ˵˵ǸˣеľȻڣǲΪΪӴ׵Ļܹǡ
䣬һתװŮӲ˺һ׵ϱڣһĳ˷
ˣҷ°ɡѾ޴ˣ˵ӴղⷬħҲġװŮȻ˵
֪ǷǴǰµıѪЧʼ֣Ůԭϵĺõ˲١
һɣɿŮ
Ů˫һغֻһۣȴʲôû˵
ʱŷħ˶ϱ۴ڹɫħת֮£Ļɫѿתۼһֱ۾ͳˡ
ֻɫȴòҰ˼֣ȻŵֵһΪǿߣҲЩԪˡ
俴һǰأԽɫ׹ҴܵηƳһԼֱۣмɵ֮˼֣վͬŮϵǰûоʹ˳Уԭϥ£ɫħΰһ״ƺǿʼָ
ɡװŮˣҲ΢΢һɣһԵһ󣬲תΣȥ
ԣһת󣬱Ů˹ȥ
װŮƺԴʮӣ뿪ɽȺȺͨ˼һ䣬һЩѵƫƧͨС
λѣѾʱסħˣɷȽˡЩȻ̲סĿ˵
Ȼղųְң˵ȻŮԣŲһͣתĵ˵
䣬ŮһһֳһС
ֻ麣еɫƺܵĳٻһ㣬һʢ֮£ʧԭ
ۡһĴһŹװŮһɶȥĵһת󣬱һģĲӰ
ֻ麣һɣֲʸɢˣеķҲ˿һϲŮֵȻسŵĳʹ˸ˣ
¼Ȼ˵أѵϣֶء±Ҫȥ˵صһصأԸͬвΪǸطԣ˵ҲһĪĻԵתȥʱװŮȴٴο˵
ȥεأǻԵִӺ˵𣿡ԣһʵ
ǵطýʲôҲĴ½һֱΪװŮɫһ˵
ԣĿһ
˼⣬ԺĪԨԴˣֻĪ崫вɡ
Ϲʱڵһžֻ֮ǲ֪ιʣһ޵Сǰ˼һս֮Уɱ岻ǧʿ޸ʤȫһ䴦ؿռеĵڡ൱һʱУеǲ˱㽫˵ν֮Ϊмأڴǰ֪˺ִͨ뵽˷ڣһֱڴˣδ̤Ӧñ֮ŮĽ͵
꣬¶һ˿Ծ֪Ů˵꾡϶Ե޹֮£ӦĲŶԡ
еĿģѰҲһֻϹžβꡣϵǸͼٻӰпãӦͨȡ׳ɡڱйУ»ڶ꣬ʱ뱣֤ʽţĺôɵõԼ
װŮȥĻȻһȻĶ
Ϲ꣬п²浤ϵˣͼԣȻһѵõĪԵ
룬˴Ѿʱ䣬ϻ֮ؿʮֻ浤ޣԷеջ֪ˡ
ãѿ֪׼ȷڰɣħѰĪҲΪ˴˵һ˼ֿ֮ʵ
˼أȷʵڴżУ˵ͱһռУһᰴһתλãʮѰҡһĸӦһΧ׷ڡħǰӦĿĲͬλ޻ħҪõɡװŮ԰գһתбһɵķ


919 
̵ģһҲʶĳģ侫³̶ȺɢȻһƷ
ɫһɫ粻ĻͷãȻа취ҵڣĳһˡ˵ǰ棬ǵط֪Σգ²֤һ㵽׵ġ
ģΪ˴У֪ǰѯϣκβصġ˵ŵȴ֮أ˷˿ûзӦɼǰʹҵð˴ķգȴҴ˵طŮԺ⣬ȻһЦ˵
֮Ůתǰжȥ
ȻǸ˴Ů󣬱߱ϸϸ۲ܣȻ·ߡ

պ͹װŮһ·Ƴ£߱СżڼȻҲЩջҵһЩϡҩͲϣ̫࣬ƽȥ
˳ʱ䶼ûзҲЩֹˣоٹһȻ˿ûлҪȥˡ
ϾϽУÿһնҪڴ˷̫ʱġ
磬ƿһĶƣһΪƫ֮ʱŮŵķȻųһɫΡ
һϲװŮҲɫһͣ½Ųƫ֮´
ƫԼʮɵгһԲεĳ¾ʯԼΧֻʯ⣬ǽϾȷֲİֻ̬ͬʯˡ
ЩʯէһۿȥͨʯκεĲֻֻͬ׾Ŀʯ
ʱװŮźһһֻѪڴŵһָ
һ׹⡰ಡһûУĿȻһһֻɴɫӰһ̧׳ƫĶĳХ
ӦþûˡװŮһ֮һת⼸ֻ֮Ҳһ׹⡣
༸ֻͬһֻֻӰ
һʱ䣬ƫ֮аֻӰʼ໥׷Ϸ
ĪǴ˴ڣһֱԹ۵ڿʵ
ȻзӦ벻ˡ
װŮӵһ󣬱㽫еɫһףһָһȥ
ۡһ
ɫ˲䱬Ѷ˵ƫ֮С
ǰֻӰһӴ⣬һû봦ʯС
Բʯʱ渡ֳһޱȵɫ¡¡֮󣬱˵֮ڡ
Ƭ֮󣬵֮һ֮󣬷ŵɫâķȻֶ
ߣװŮӿһ֮󣬱һĽ뷨֮С
һ󣬷öԼӳ˼㻤ֺҲ˽ȥ
һ̣һӷΧһֻһԼ˻󣬱еܾһģһת
¶һʱȻѾһͨڵصС
һԵĹװŮͬ´ͣš
һȥƺͷ̧ͷȥҲǺںһƬյо
ʶɨԲﷶΧҲûвκ쳣ڣԶ̽ȥʱȴвˡ
˵ضʶѹƣ
˴ռҪ࣬ʮֳ㡣ֻǴ˵ص˲֪֮꣬γĳ΢ƽ⣬ǿĺܽһѲԳԼͼӦŶջġװŮ˫΢Ȼһ
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ζʮɴСȻЩʣƾϢжϣжϳ߶ǻꡣ
ϵǣֻһϿյĳӰ󣬾ɫ̵תΣԶƿӴܶȥˡ
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ӴӰһԵñȻѽֻˣɢϢҲ뿪֮ʱһ֡
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âһŸСһһзŮ˫ʮָ£ΧΧڵİƯƶ
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ţװŮеͳɬ¶һӡһģ֮£ŵÿһ׼ȷЩС֮ϡ
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ͬʱŮ棬ΧķӦһ㣬ʼɫϼ⡣
˹ԽԽҫĿԲηѤ쳣
װŮԭգʰ߲ϼӳ£Ե޶ˣ˶һʧ
ŮȻһͣſ³һžӨ͸İɫԲ飬ǰһ
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һŮ˫ʮָֹһɫɿĴϡ
ʱһƵɫϼԲзһɵɫҲԴŮΪģ˷
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ʨлХӥǺ֪֮࣬
ЩУ˷аԾ
ԲηеĹװŮȴԴ˷δŰ㣬أԴ߶еķ
ڴʱһɫȻӴŮͷڿеһһֻͨѩ׵ľβӰʱֶ
ɫɨһ۾βӰҲʶųͬʱһʱ׼߶ӰĩһС
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ͫһЩΪ׵һͷ꣬Ȼһֻʮɴľ޴
˺ͨҲһѩëʮֵ鶯ȴӲӣβڷвͣҡ·һŵĻ䣬ǰװŮԭȣ⣬һ޶


920 β
Ȼͬǣͷβ˿û˿֮Уǳʵͬʵһ㡣
е꣬ҲһֻֻСһӰ̬ɫ죬е˫Ŀеǻڣеͨ屻ҲңԶԶ޷Ϊ׵ľβᲢۡ
װŮ״ȴĿϲɫͻȻȡһɫСԼֱ֮һʱһѪֶѪֱ
ΪһĻˡ
ŮֱѪһ㣬δ㻯һƵɫڶ𣬷׷ûܵİԲιĻС
顱һ
ĻȻѿɫĵ㾧⣬׷û˴ŮͷӰ֮С
Ӱֻ΢΢һ֮£ҲԽԽϢĹͺȻСǵ֮߰
װŮ壬ҲƮȻھβӰ֮¡
ǰһĻ˫Ŀ΢΢һС
崫еļ̳У̫ŲؾеҰʷпһЩء
дᵽһЩϡٵĸߵԼѪΪýͨĳĹϷʽ̳ԼͬѪȱ
ߵȻԪ೤ӵоѪͬʮϡ٣Щ屾ҲͣΪѪѡӽ
ʱƣԽԽĸߵѪϡͣҪҵһЩѪͬ壬ʮֵѡ
ѪʽȻֻҪҪеĶһѪϵɣѪǾܼ̳е
ӸղŹ״ŮûԭοѪʮ־ߵ壬һʽʵ½ͻͽ
ڴʱװŮͷϵİɫβӰ˫ĿȻһԭزͣĴתʱʱԭеĶֱ۰׳βҲȻȦһԼγһ޴İɫӰ
Զصľβ״ͫҲһѪתͣһХȻһ٣׷˺棬һ˵˹װŮϷͰɫβһ
װŮˣҵַɿͬʱпʼдʲüԼһѪɫӡƾոֶ
һʱ䣬ŮϷУһһСֻβӰ·Ǹĸ뺢Ӱ໥֮䲻ͣĥֵ쳣ǣһһŹϼҲǽںһţΪ
Ҫٰʱ䣬ڼ䲻Ҫκε꿿ң׳ַ֮¡Ů΢ĳ
ģѾܰʩµľͽҰɡԥ˵
ܺã֮һоȫ̸ˡװŮͷڰл˫Ŀ
˵䣬ʮͷ꣬Ҳĳ嵽˸
˵Ĵ߶ڷϵĹעͷͼ֮Уָһ³ְŴ
ƿһ죡
һɫӰ𣬻ڿеһ󣬾ͻΪһֻʮɸߵľ޴ţӰ˵ڣ³һһɿ磬ǰڵһȥ
ۺ̬꣬һɫУȫ˲˺ѶΪɫһĵ㾧⡣
תۼ䣬ʧӰ١
ʣµ󾪣һɢ̵ͷ֮زز
ߣڻߣ˵飡Ŀкһзһ
ಡһ
ţӰȻ絽ؿк󣬾ͺȻΪһɫƥļ
ۡۡ
ߵļͷ꣬ɫƥΪɢ
һţӰڸֳԭΣٴһţͰѸĵ㾧ȫ˿УͬʱһתȻִһ֡
Դ˾ȴû¶ʲôϲ֮ɫɫصתһȥ
ֻǸϣȻֳһҰɫ˻ͺϣԼһЩСһӰ֡
ǣҲڸϵˡ
һ󣬵ֳһߵţӰһС
ʱͼһģһζĵǰ
ʱԶҲڵĳ˹Ȼǲ򱪸޶Уʹķ·¥СȴƴС
ֱһһֱֻţӰֱϣͬʱпӿ
ţӰһͺ˲һأ֮ߣٴδһź󣬵һɫ
һͳ˻󣬳嵽ǰһֻɫ꣬һƵɫ˿ߣɿתɫһأ뵽ţӰĴڡ
ķӵ꣬ҲԴԴ쫷ɿûȫ˿ûеֵ֮һһ˺Ѷ飬ȫ˳ͼڵĸ֮ʳ
һĹʮֻ꣬㱻һɨա
зԣҪתӣԳٶȣҲǸӲԶ㱻һֱɵˡ
ţӰתβ֪Ǵ˱Ѵﵽʮ֮
һһ۰һۡ
ֻװŮûľβӰֻźľ;β֯ںţһźɫĵ㾧⣬ܣǰһĻյƻ
˼ֺǰһĻ΢΢һȡ
֪ʱֻӰ·ĹװŮǼ쳣µİɫװȻʧ屻һ㵭ֵѩȻչǰ
ŮϺ̴΢ţһţüƺ⴫й̣ôɡ
Բ϶ľѩ׺βƮ俴欶ˡ
ޱ޵һĻ˲зɣһʱ޷ƿĿ⣬һޱȡ
ߣӱģٶ࿴һ̳ۡдк󡭡ڳ
ʱȴ˴ŮߵĻֻЩ϶ƺǴŮî˾˵ġ
Ȼһһҧ⣬һʹĴʹ˫ĿѸٺϣתȥ
˿̵Ȼɿڷ֮УԺԲʱŮĻ档
Ȼٻعͷúôһĳ嶯·ֻҪܶ࿴Ůۣһ̱ȥҲǸ֮¡
ɿתһɫһ䣬ͻȻ˵伮صһЩйؾβĴš
ഫ壬ƾϢԻ˵ǣջ֮ϣƺ֮廹ӵ
Щ֮󣬲ٳɵһ̺͹װŮһЩ룬ĽСУһϢʱֱʶУת˼Ȧ󣬲䳹ѹ
Ű˿󣬶˶񣬲ָ𳵻Ӱӭһֵȥ
ʱ
ţӰһţɫ쫷ɫ꣬һƵ˿㣬˳쫷类˸ڣ˿м֮Ҳޡ
ֱǲ٣Ѵﵽ˶ʮ֮ɫĲ丹вϵķٵڡ
ȻԳ˿м֮ûУװŮзȴƺ
ʹٶͼһ߰˲꣬ȺӵѰ
ʱһನһ𣬺Ȼһɱ̹ǺһͬʱֳһʵİɫԼʲô


921 
һݣæһ
ֻ֮УȴһֻʮɴСİɫȸ꣬һ飬ŰеĹװŮ
ŮͷϵֻβӰȻѾʼ϶Ϊһһϸ˿ľ⣬һһڳŮ롣
Ů˿գƺҲڽееĹؼʱ̣
״âֳһָӰಡż㻯ĳɫһȥ
ȸˣ˫һϸСѩ׵ıƾһϸСıӰļȥ
˿ҲţֻǴһţһɫ쫷ϯ
žž֮ϴ
ı쫷һ֮£һưɫˮӰƾյɢˡ
˫ͫоһ͵һˮͬˮ㻯һӿУ֮ʧһɶˡ
ţӰһζȻȰĳڰɫУһҧס˿ȸһ߳
໣
ȸһ˻֮һ׹ΧѸһƬƬͷ­Сѩ׹һѸڳ϶̼Ӱϡ
Ĺһ㱡˪ڳ渡ֶΪһ񵫴ҧסȸɿڡ
ȸ֮в˦򣬷һ˻̹ǵıһҪѳ˺ҧȴƺЧ
ˣüͷһ壬Ȼһ߷
еһɫĹϼţ
һϼ˲ѶͬʱһŻ
ȴǳڻδתֱ֮¶
׿ȸʱһļ֮֮Ȼһģıܿ˻һͻһɫתߡ
һҪȥ׷ɱ꣬ʱͻ
ಡһһһ
һμæһΣܿҪһʺצ۸ֶѪ
һֻɫצӣԲ
һհʹ֮дһģ󣬾ͳʮطɿһֽ֣֮ȡһŻɵҩ븹С
һº͵Ϣ䱳һת˿ڷɿĺԵмƺɫ֮ȥ
͵ϮĿһɨȥһ
ֻԭ󴦣ȻһӰһβƮѣǹװŮ
Ůһ˿ңں£̹¶ѪŵĴѩ׽ʵظ΢΢ԭ峺ˮһ˫֮Ѫɫľⲻͣת·ź챦ʯһ㣬ֻЩãȻƺʧȥһ㡣
ɫЩ粻ɵŮϷɨһۡ
ϷֻβӰѾںϳΪһ壬ΪһֻͨѩףһȾľβӰ
ǰڣСֹɢҲ˲٣һ˫ͫĿȴͬ챦ʯһ㾼Ŀ¶׹
ԭϷӰвŮڵһϸ˿ɫ⣬ʧ⴫ӦѾˡ
ŮɢϢȴϺµƮϢ֮ʱҲ浤ڣ۷˲浤Բģ
ˣüͷһ壡
ĻῴŮڴеʱһЩ⣬ƺǾβסˡ
ȻŮ׿ԽѪҲޱȾҪϹžβ˶ʱɴУҲЩ̫ǿˡ
ЩòʱϷľβӰȻһ˻·ŮӾ·յһ㣬Ŀгһ˫ַצâĳ˹
Ů鶯쳣ֻգۼ乤򣬱Ӱĳǰ
顱ƿ
ɫצâŵٶȣһʮֽ£һ»塣
ǡȴһɢʧƺֻһӰѡ
ʱһģ󣬳մһתֱԶƮȥͬʱһͺȺ󣬳Ůͷһ㡣
ԭͣڸĳӰһΪһĳ˾βӰ
˺һ˦ľβһɫĺβӰһɨۡ󣬾˶ĳӰһķɳʮ֮Զ
Ӱһ֣һת£ҡҡλεվΣһɫͭţһɣų׹žβ
ٴ߶ͼʱβŮȴһ֮£ٴιһĳǰֱһû˻˻צӰ
֫һŤ֮һ򣬵Աһצâͷ֮ϡֳһѿڡ
ȴ˿ţûŮһһ
š顱ıƬɫˮһӿһֻֻˮݵĽŮΧס
ȻβŮѾʧȥǣҲɵһ
ô˼϶һȣֱһһ֮֮߰ɫԴֱŮƶȥ
ڤ
ɫԲδӴŮȻѿһɫâŮС
ͷľβлֻ˫ͫѪһһɳڤһɫӰһβŮޱ
ɫһ˫һַ۵糸ӳŵɫķֽעǰİ㺣֮ϣۡһһɫչֶ

ɫ֮ȫѶһɫĵ绡βŮһȥ
ͬʱɫ͵һɿ㻯һƿȥ;гӰһ㡣
ӰһһſڣͳβӰһ³߰˵쫷硣
βӰȻŮͷҲˮͰ׳ĺβֻһҡͻһӰĺɨ
ۡۡЩԸ쫷磬˲䱻ЩӰһһ˶
³Щɫ쫷硣ȻҲȴǰɫβ˺󣬾һζִ򳯾βӰȥƾӰңʼղ뿪
䡱䡱֮ϴ
л֮£ֻüβ赲쫷磬һʱ侹ֲ¡
ٴγ绡赲ľβŮҲ֮潻սֻǴ߶ɫᣬԳӰΪģڷԲɷΧȦ
ȻЩ͹˺ֵٶȣڻþǿеľ飬ԹȰŮҲֻ֧ܿŶѣƬ̼乤ϱʮǳһ˺ۡ
üͷʱԭֲµĳβ֮΢ı仯
ʱƣȡ꽥䳹Ϣʼڽ
лڱ֮Ů˴֮ҪʩչͫٿشŮжʮ־ˣϢʼ˥
䡱һ
ӰһȻȻһȵ棬һֱͻƺβݺײ˾βлϣһײɡ


922 һ
βлȻûϵһ֣һµʮԶһŤվκ󣬿зŭ
ֻβлƺΣϢϾٿŮˣ˫Ŀ֮Ѫһ֮󣬾βֱ˱һɨĽ쫷׷׻ˣͻȻ׹һʢһ֮£ͺͳӰ˵һţ˺ҧ
׷ŵŮʧȥ˿ƺ˫ĿеѪ˲ȥָɫŸĵĴ֮׹¡
ˣһĳڴŮߣһѽ䱧סȵص֮ϡ
βŮ̡һƺת˹΢ԣһȻһЦɢһ˵ķ塣
һδ״ŮôʱŮ˫һ½ס
һŷִŮȻƣȻûѹ·һֹʧ״̬С
ĿʶһɨŮͦ˫Ϻ㻬ĳͪ壬΢΢һȣ˫һҪŮӳȥ
ۡۡ
ŮβȴһȻһΣͳĽĲһš
β˵ļͣһʱ䣬޷ѶֻܺŮһ壬һƬ㣬ָӴط˿㻬Ľۼ
ʱ߿һ촫һȦȦ˿ĴӰȻ˺һţѾ˹ؼ
Ȼֻͼûģ˶ľڽս֮ϾȻòԭ޺㾹Ҳûֻצ
ǰһ£Ҳھβл񹥻£㳤á
ӰϾֻһ۷Ӧ͹ֶζڵһٶۣھβ겻ͣ˺£Դ·磬ѾС˲٣ұЩģ
δݣҲ˲ξ棬дʣ߶ͼ
ಡһ
һɫͷһźûеĳӰڡ
ӰһӨƸֶ˲佫ľβлһȻſһ
һڣƬɫһ˲佫βлû˽ȥ
ͨͼصһָ߽Ҫǰʱ䳵Ӱȡڶ֮ԭ޷ʩչġ
βлһҽУʱƤɫеĲѣ˿˿һɢڷɿСС
Ӱȴûһɫе˿˿˹ɿ¸Уģۿɼٶ
乤򣬾βлֻʣԼĪɴСˣۿҪɫг
ˣҲΪ֮һɡ
ʱβȴȻһȻһһ˫챦ʯĿȴѪţɳڶѪķġ
Щһǰ麣еƣһɳ˲䣬ͷ׷Ť䶯Ϊһֻֻ׺ɫֱ켤
üͷһ壬зһߣӿ˲仯ΪɫֵĿ
顱顱֮
ֻķ׷ױѶΪһƶۺɫƯԼѪ˿֣Ҹɢ
ԡ
˲ͷһΣҪŻŮ
ʱеĳŮȴһЦԭƵһŵľβȴȻһɾ
֮£ֻһ˾ͺ;βŮͨһֱԵˡ
ͬһʱ䣬ܷۺȴ԰Ȼмһӿ˲佫߾û˽ȥеѪ˿ͣ趯˿Ŀ֮
Ȼڤ壬ۺȴӵֱû
˲ŵһ˿Ϣʶһ㱣˫Ŀʱ΢ͬʱһɸƵӿͷ䲻ܿƵĽŮ§һЩָڹ⻬˿ļ֮ϣʶĸ
ָỬĴУ·һȫĵת֫ٺ֮䣬и޷԰ΣٶҲԽԽ˫ɵŮͦε֮䡣
Ů£з˼ѽѽ֮Ŀ룬֬Ľ΢΢һŲĸ˼֣һֻź۴Ӻ§ס󱳣һָֻ·߲߰ؿ½֮ڡ
Ů޾ܵĺâӳ£糺һƬԵˡ
ͻȻһ̧ա
ֻһȣǿڼ価һɵĴ㣬Ȼ٣Ҳ
ӵ˷ĵľɫȻͶͱмܲΪ֮
Ȼ֮ͯδŮ֮µˡ
ʱĽͻȻһ
һ֮󣬶ʱһ飬˫Ŀ˲ָһ˿֮ɫҲһ֣ѺβĽץС
δ顱һһβȴһɨеӲһɣͬʱһֻȹ̵һ²סֱۣ˲§ס˻ȥ
һһֱҪѶһ΢Ľ֮š˺һϰŮ˲˺ͬʱһȻκڵϣһ֮о˲ջָһ˿ǣױˣ±ô΢
ͺһ΢΢һԭƵĺβƾջΪ㾧ɢʧһѽŮᱧǰ˫ϣһָֻŮΣһֻֻСһں˴Ůǽε㴽쳣׾
ǵ˲䣬Һڶ˿ڼתţĸоԭʼܳ׼һͺ󣬾һĽŮѹ¡
ΪͼδջصԵʣտյģҲû꿿зۺдײʱӵͳ˻Ůӽ
شʱǰţۺеҲ˿ᡣ
˿̵һĴ֮С
ם˿ƺû˰֮֡
⴦ռ֮е𽵹˲֪ãŮζ·òľһ㣬ȫ޷԰ΣƺԶйһ㡣
ŮҲ˿δָǣʼս֮ˣ˫󱳣ͬͣȡš
֪˶ãۺɫһƵĽɢȥƵѪ˿Ҳ׷׵ɢʧ¶ȫ㣬ӵһ˯Ůˡ
Ӱɢȥ˲䣬ۡһûһļһûͷС
ڳ˯еһ飬Ȼ˫ۣȴǰһžòŮӣ˫ĿҲȻ˫ڶԷ޹ǵĳ֫ϡ


923 
δ׹ôһʱߵľŮӾ˲Ȼ֮ɫȻƺֱһһɿȻ߼䱬
ֻһͺŷɳʮ⣬صˤ˱ϡ
΢΢ĴʹŴ׹ôһ£ɫ콻֮£æȷɿ컻һµ
δմһۣǰһβŮҲ´һɫװĳǰֻޱȣɱ
ܺã㾹־֮飬ǰҲɣ
Ůҧгݵһ仰һһֻɫצӰ˲ݺһץȥ
ֻһЦͬʱһһɫСܷûһɵľ޶ܵǰ
˶ܵһת֮󣬱һСɽӰֶ
䡱һ죡
ɫצӰɫСɽһײ֮Сɽ˲仯Уܷ·ֽһ㣬һƬɫѶ
һϵİ㺣ȴǰһս֮в֪٣ִ֮䣬ֻǿд߶ΪʮƬۣ˼Ҫ
ֻǰһƬĿؿһ̰ʹдȫϵĳɫһƬƬѿ¶ʺѪ⣬һӰ˶
顱һ˵ļֹס˽ŲǰһĽ֮ð
ߣһٵʿȻﵽ˾˵ǿȣҸоЩתѲɻɣ
װŮޱ˵ٵһӣһֻɵľצϿ·Сɽһ¡
ʱѪܣؿ˶׶ɼȴһȻȭ߿ոջͬʱֱϺһƾճצĺɫԡ
һ춯صľ죬ڸ߿ս֯һţΪ󲨶Ŀ
һѪ˿ԵøǱ
ŮڶȻЧһ˿ɫһԥ󣬿˵ܺãΪȻ±ոմеõĶצҲЩ¡һǻܽ»δҷһҲø˵̫ˣղ²Ųɷѡ
䣬βŮһХڣۡۡѩ׺βٴƾ֣ӭ費ѣ֮ͬʱٳϿһ
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ˣɫ䣬Ȼֳ帽һС
ಡһһһһûǣ˲仯Ϊһɫ£ǰʥޣ
ͬʱ˫ַɿһһָԶһɫֱۣͬʱӲлץһˮƵˮ顣
ʱצѾһ£ָ׵ƣ·ħ֮צһ㡣
ͫһһһʮɳԺֻݰСĺɫͬʱûͬʱһ죬ȻһأͬʱһֶԭֻϸǱɫƬ
ֱۼͬʱµľצ񵷶
ɲǼ䣬ϷƬΪ֮һԺֻȥĺɫȭӰֶˮĽȥ
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ɲǼ䣬һȦȦɫУһҝ˲˷
ֻؿһȣ̲סſѪȥͬʱһ顱顱ֱаأʯһƬѡ
µɫֱУΪɢԭֱۣҲ˲ʧȥ֪£ֻ鲼ɫƬȭͷƤѪܡ
ȴһȫܲˣֻſнɢľ޴ںɫš
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һɣĿ⡰ৡһ£ٴο˶ľβŮ֮ʶνҴɨһۡ
ҪǶԷϰݵĻ˵Ҳֻнҷӡеսˡ
װŮΣȴֳһ˿Źֱ飬ƺǴһмֲĵģ
ߣˣȻ˵˵ҲûȡֶˡȻ⴫ʽķϣҷһ֮£ϣе֪º½Ҳ跨ɱ㣡Ůɫºڳһ˵
ģ¾˵֮й¶κ˵ģԸɻ̣֮ɫһæԵ˵
ܼסղ֮òˡŹԪεĳˣ⣬ǿ뿪˵֮Ů˵ٿһۺ󣬺Ȼ׹һɫҩһöɫ֮ԥһֻеͬһö׹һ̱ģ
½֪մһѽסҩͷвһ˿֣ʹһ䡣
պǾԼʵ㹻ǿ󣬿ԵĴ½ұʵͳǰ̽ʬΡŮöĻڴصһ̣ŮӰ׹һ󣬳ʧԭء
ŮٻӰʧǰԭ˺һԺиɿŮʶ̶գԼһβ֪ܷԵ֪ΪΣﾹЩʧ֮С
ԴŮβѪĴ½϶ݲͬһ㣬ȫ˾βĴУһʵҲֻһ֮ңˣĴ½Ǽãˡ
뵽ֲԼй֮׵ҶüҲʮδԼǼҵĻԼһЦ
ЩŮ鳤֮Ժ֮һһʧ󣬺ָܿ
֮һеĵҩͷȷû󣬱㽫Ԫһ£һ͵ҩ˳źֱСѸ澭֮зɿɢ
ǰѪģ׶֮ѿ֮ʱʼֺ϶ˡ
ˣʱһϲ
ʱԶٴԶһ˻
ˣһȻһļͷһٴθֶ
Цһ󣬵ųӰ˻𴦴󲽶ȥ
Ѿˣ˵Ȼȫ֮óļˡ
Ͼ˶ĻᣬǸ޷󵽵ġ
ºͬĵطԴһܣƬһ֮к󣬱㽫ɫһ飬ͬʱ˫Ŀһա
ٴ˫ʱѾһ֮ͨС
üͷһɿֽ֮һȭͷС¹ʯɢľ⣬ʱصյóޱȡ
ܵʱ򣬺ȻͨƫϷλãŰֻףǰƫ֮һģһ
δ˼ʲô֮ʱܵȻһҵ¡¡֮


924 
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ʯһضɽҡУɿĳһѷ졣
ͻȻ޴ıӺͨڴʯ֮һƬ
Ҳ֪ǺԵʣ⴦żƺҪˡ
¹˲ö룬˵һΣǰδͨڼȥ
һӺһӰһ֮£ĳոѿĵ϶м
뿪Ƭΰ쳣ĵżص˵֮ϣһ˿ͣûеƿԶȥˡ
뿪żյĹżص֮¡¡֮ƵԸɽδģϷ׷׸һִơ
ٹƬ̺󣬵һ촫ɽȻһݶȥ¡¡ľǴ˷Ĵӵ
ϢƬĵȫ˽ȥóĿȫ
Զߵ󷽴ľ޴󶯾󣬲ͷһۣвɵһ˿ϧ֮ɫһзһߣһڹ⣬ԸٶƿԶȥˡ
Ѿż˳ʱ䣬͵˾ԭȻϵصɵȵģҲֻһ˶·ˡ
ڣϻĵͼ滹м̽ĲرżӦûлͽ͵˻һġ
һʶٻһµͼһĳȥˡ
ͬһʱ䣬Ͻнĸ½壬ԼħԼһЩǿƵԶĲҳ̶Ȼ
κɣ廹ħ壬ڹȥʮ˸޷ĥĳޣһȻսݡ
ĳһƬݲʯѡ
˴ϡκ䱦ټ˵һЩʲô֮еĸ߽ˡ
ʱĳֻɸߵգȻһռ䲨һУһһŮӰֶ
ĸ˶һͷϾʨڣ˫֮ͫɫⲻͣת
Ůһͷɫ̷һɫͫĿ貣ܹһ˿Цݡ
˾Ǳɪ
ѾԶ˴Ȧˣʦܴ˿ӦԶ˰ɡƳһۺ󷽣ں˵
ʦ˵ֻлڣʵ˿ѷҵģűȥҴʦǣӦò⡣ɪһ󾫹ת˵
ߣǸ浤壬Ҽʦ֮£ôԸˣҪ֪浤ǿ޼֮ĶӵǱ֮ǴȥҵԺڱ㡣ȴм˵
Ȼֺ֣αЩηЩĴ½ǰǿߣѪʵȵӿҪǿϲٵģ֣Ҳ޷ȡʤֺαغķʱ档һ֮ǿҪȥ˻ϵġ
ɪ˵˼зһ䣬һƽһж𣬻һ׹⣬Զɶݶȥ
ԭֹ˼֮󣬲Ųĵͬڿն𣬻һϹĽ׷ȥ
˷һ뿪ʯ֮УȻһһʯ׷ܱ
УȻһ鲼ɫƬͷһԹֽӣ˫Ŀ֮оⲻͣɷɶ뿪ķ
һ֯󣬽տҲˣϷʩСƣ⼸СϵˡҪҵǸطڣͽ˺Ƭˡһ֮Ȼڹһʢһʮɳĺɫƿնȥ

һҰ׹⻬Ρͱ£һɴСɽ
ɽڣ߰źȻԺεʿϯضĿϢһƣӡ
ʦ֣ǽȥôɲ䵽Щ֪ðУ˵ģȴһʮģЩӢˬŮӡ
ǵղμŻٸ
ȻҲԶԶˣʵʵڷͬСɣȴΪƳԵʷȫʣ޼ˣҲֻȴݱһˣǻָ֮󡭡
δüĿʿ˵꣬ڴ׹һɫצâֱֶڼ
Сģ
ٸӦ죬δ䣬ͺԥĵһһʯзһû֮ƾձǵʮ֮󣬶ס˶ڣͬʱһ̵Ĺâʯ俪
伸ʯⶸȻһ֮󣬱㡰顱һֱѶ
ʱ֮һһ룬һɢ֮£ʿ
ʮֽӽֻǷɫͬһͨ峤ŨܻëһͬŨܵë
ٺ٣ȥԸǸŮ˵ŮʿϸƤ⣬ζڲͬһûԳгëʿĿͣٸϣ̰֮ɫ˵
ߣڲǺЩ
üĿʿ״һϵһתǰһ¶һС
ЩС첻߰˴Сÿһ涼ӡһЩµͼɢ֮ķ
ʿһ߿дʣһߣಡಡƿС׷׵ļֱֱĲǰС
һһʮɴСɫǽȻֶͼ֮䡣
ȻԺڵʿ£׷׶ݹһɽɶݶȥ
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һɽбŷɽһҵ𶯺󣬱̼̮ʯĽУɫݹæĴмԶ۶ȥ
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ⷽ򼲳۶ȥֻǼ£㽫ӵС
ʣļݹˣԼͬķַɢͬӴܶȥ
ҽ֮Ӱд
֮еԽԽƬ̵ĹѪܵĲȱʬ壬֮б˳
ǶϣǷͷ׷
ͳֶݺݵ˵˼֮󣬱㳯ʣ༸ӵķƿնȥ

һ鲼һ˴ϸëĴһƬĶСħڹţ治ʱĲҽ
ħһʧòʬ壬һɱ쳣ֻһźɫ׵ħʿֱվĴһ¡

պһƬϿţͬʱĿⲻͣɨš
Ƭ֮УһЩɢɢӲ⣬ȥصࡣ
ǰ·Եһֻиܵޣɱ̴֮Ȥ
Ҫ֪ȻͷȭͷСҲ쳣ª󱳶ĶҺȴиǻܣͨʿ޷֮մȾ䶾ҺҲʱ֮ڣȫö
ⸯĴ½в½ѵټƫƫһѪ⼫мֵ䶾Һһٶ衱Ҫϣҩڽ⿪һЩ󾳶ʮͷ۵涾⹦ЧһСƿ˶Һĳļ۸񣬸˵ǳƷİٶˡ
Ȼڴ˴ִټȻ׷Źˡ
һ·еĴûޣһʬͼɢһصĿƬ


925 ͵Ϯ
Ȼ֮£һĳʬԱߣϸ鿴һ
߲ʬĴŴ翴칤ڵɣϵ˿ڣǱĳ־ǿ˺ģֻ˿룬ҲЩ졣
ʱһУһƳ֮£һöɫ
üͷһ壬һУʬһɶˡ
ʶ̽봢һɨ֮£һЩʯ⣬ﻹʮɫԲд󲿷־ȭͷСֻһŽɡ״תԱļҪһȦ
ף浤Ŀܣһ鿴ɫԲº󣬶ʱ¶Ծı飬ֿ֮Цҡҡͷ
ܽ칤ڵӣȻһɫӵдֵȽ׵ĿܵҲֵ̫顣
˵ľҺܼʿڵĿԼͲٿعˣ浤Ŀˡ
רеĸ߽׿ܣȻһܹʹá
֪д˻ԵڹĮ֮ʱӦҪڿܲٿĵ伮
ֲ鿴ܲкֶֻǻܣƺλ칤ڵͻȻ⵽Ϯ浤ܶδͱӲɱˡ
һնڸתƬ̣ԲûٷۼҲֻƮȻ뿪
ļһͼıעȥһ;˳Ҳջ񲻷ơ
мζҩ뵽֮УڽĪİ⻹мƷ׽ϸߵڤʯҲԵļƷϣֵͬơ
ϲǣõһѵһǧ׷ݣһζ߲ɺԵƳһܹЩᵤʵҩ
Ҫ֪磬ֻӰٷ֮һᵤʣҲǻٵʿΪ֮֮͡
֮һƬïְɽϿգһڰһʶڷԲﷶΧڴִһɨȴ˿ûзκ쳣Ϣ󣬲Żߵһͨɽʯǰ´ۺ󣬺ȻһһС
ۡһɽʯȫӰѶƾ¶һǺ̦ľ޴ɽڡ
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ˣ˫Ŀ΢΢һȻһεĽС
һٷɽ帹һյĴУһЩʯʯεһأѾɨһչģ
üͷ΢΢Ŀ⻺һɨ󣬷ȡһöɵԲ飬浥һġ
ԲĹâһת£һ͵
ಡһһ׹Ӹĳһ˴мһ֮£뵽Уȴһöɫ
ָһһɫ֮еһ㻯һаɫС֣Ƭ̼ͻΪƾɢ
ǹѾˣҪȥһص㣬׷ǵǲѵ顣һͽԲһնκת뿪ˡ

ºһϿȵͿմƿĵӰȿֺļ۶
ЩӰ󷽰⣬һƬɫĶݹ⣬׷ӡ
Ϊ׵һ׿Ľɫݹ⣬֮һŽɫ۵꣬ǽ͡
ݹУȻŷշƺӡ
ԭ֮ǰͺӸոѲͼϱעһżΪѰЧʣֱڴƬѰ
ʹշƵ˷һҩľ޴ɽȣɢɼʱӺȻħڵӵ͵Ϯ
ҹѣ˿ûУ̫ŵȻʵͣȻһ˵һȴ̱ǿ˳ѸҵɽһߵĽͱš
͵ϮȻǵýʹŭټշƵˣ׷ɱ˹ȥ
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ͿǰӵļħڵӣһкȻдʣзҲǷɿ仯ϵķҫ۵ǹ⡣
ͻȻ˫ֱһ⡣
֮еһ󣬱㻯ɫ磬һŵû뵽Ͽߵɽ֮УӰ
ϿȵɽͻȻһߣɿǰӶȥ̼㳬ǰӰ
䡱֮
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һ̣ɫݹ֮Ȼһ貵һ㣬Ȼһٵ׷ǰǼӰ
Ӱ״ȻһͣٲתΣħһպ¶ħڷεӣһͷ̷꣬
дһͺȣȻзɳǹ⣬˲۳һֻĶĽɫֱ֣˺ݺһĶȥ
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˼ˣȴͬһģȫ󣬲ֻͬʱ˫ϡ
һЦһͻȻֳһʮɸߵɫӰ沿ģ壬ԼɼףֱִŵƵȱ
ԼһһһɶߵɫˣֳһĴִƣСɽСĽɫ֣һ㡣
һ䱳Ӱֱͬʱһӣвͬ˲ںһ壬ΪһʮɳɫӰݺݳɫһȥ
һ춯صľ죡
еڴĿдѶ˸ɫһףȫŵŵ̤յ˼
ԭµ֣Ҳͬһɢ
ͼΣһƺһ˿⣬һ󣬾Ҫٴγ֡
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ͬһʱ䣬źɫɽϣһЦűҹһȻֳһѷ죬߳òƵĻ
˷һֻĿкһͶ˵ķ׷һϣƿһ죬߸ɫٶ֮죬˸޿ɱܡ
շƼˣȻŭӣ̴һţһɫСһ󣬾ͻΪһʮɳİ׺ǰһȫ˺档
ŷٻŷҲ󾪵һյһȥͬʱ˲һһֻͬʱһ𣬸кɫһɳһת󣬾ڰɫٻû˺Ļ
¡¡촫
ǰĵȺڰ׺ͺĻϣһͬʱɢ߽⣬κ赲һҪʵʵĻŮϡ
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926 ħ
ʱȻһһһǹ˲䱬һ󣬾ǺӰĽʣɫһˡ
ʱǺһֳ˽޳Ӱ䶢һʯϵĳӣ¡ħˡ
շŮ͸ϵҲһ
ٺ٣Ƿ棬ʥʲôֵġСͲ󣬵ղһͨǲġֲǰշǼһֱȰİ֣ȻٵʰһˡҲû뵽ϵıֶҲǲ٣ȻֻɱѡͶŵĻӣ򷢳ͳЦ
ڴ˴Ȼһ۾ܱӣǵյ󾳽ħ߾߷Ҳ֪ôȼħڵҲǿиշˣ˽͵˵⡣
Ҳû뵽ħڵӻħ˹һ𣬾Ͳ֪ػ˽󣬴±ħڼλֻ̫֪ʲô顣ͺһ˵ͬʱ罫ͻȻֵħϸһ飬⼸˲ƣΪϢҲʮֽӽ浤ڵӣвɵһ˿񼣬Ϻͻȴ˿ɫδ¶
ʱħ˻˶ʱڣ׷״Ӽٵ׵浤ڣ¸֮ɫġ
ǼħڵŽ֮ԣɫһ䣬ǰ԰˼֡
ȴһػصٺ٣ľܣдʱҵԺ飬δʥλӵɡ
˵ʵҲһӵƻ
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Դħ˵ĿֲֶΣȻλдħͬҲʵҲһ˵ֱѹˣһ˶δܳȥ
λħ˵ֺ󣬲ûɱǼǺĶ½ƣȼڸ̽Ϣʹɱ䡣
廹ͨĶ飬ֻҪλħˣȫһŹʬ徫Ѫȫħȡһɶһζʣ
ʱĻףλħǿ߾ȻѪʿĳֲֿħ
Ȼˣħչֵ˾ʵֽ£ҲֻܶħΩǴӣսע⵽ͬ߸Ľ͵ϡ
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΢΢һݹ̫еӣΪ޶ӣѵħ˵
շƺŷͬһ˼ۡ
ٺ٣ֱûǻᣡԸ˳Ը½Ϊ£Էһ·Ӽ̫˲˵ֺٺһ˵
ºôĿΪƾǼͿԳԶĳ𣡡ˣ˸˵ȴɿŮһСġ͡¡
շŮΪǰɽȱﱻ٣ԭϵ°Щˣ⻰ȻӲҵ׷ȡС
͵˺޹˳֮⣬Ϊħ˵ٲԥ˫һڹʢһӿ̼佫ǰڱγɺѹѹһƬټȻγһĶľͺơ
ħˣҲְͬķһƵķ಻ͣĴǰĺ֮С
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ЩСͨڣ˫ͫѪ죬һĺڲϡ
ֲƣĿһȴվԭضҲȴĽȴշƻһӲӷɽ󣬽һ׶ȥɿյָѡ
ɲǼ䣬ɫɽһתһΪΪģתۼ仯ʮλεɫ⣬һģĻΪһɫ㡣
ŴŮһߣɿŶϬݺύ䣬ûһɫұԼϸС׻ѣӭڳһжȥ
ƶѾͷɽ׵֮ϵһ𣬵ҲΪˣöԸһħǴ´ˣҪδȫ͵ĹԸЩħ½ħˣ¡ޱĿһĻа˼Ųͣ
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һ̣ǧĺɫС׷ײɫ֮ϣžž֮һâ·׷С
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зɳħҲͽȻһֹóٶȼתֱ£
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һ̣ɫħȻһ󵭵Сɻ伲ԽԽ죬װĴ˷˲ͷƤ顣
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㼸СģעЩħڵӵĶ
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ħ˫Ȼžžĵ绡֮һɫ˿͸˫ȫ͸

һҽУħڵУ󵹷ɳȥ
˷һ㣬˲Ϣ֮ѷ
ħ˻عʱɳħ˺ȻѾħɢϽһƬ˵׷ŭһȻһصĳ͡
ͺٺһһץƾ۳һӨֻ̽һĽħ˼սһš
һʯϹսΪħˣ׵һħ˷ˣҲ¶˼֮ɫȻԶԸһ䡣
ԣüͷһ塣
ɽۻϣ̫ħ˴ܾˣħҲֻεһͷαһΣǰ˹ȥ
ֻУħ˺Ȼһȼյɫѽħ߶˼£շŮȥ
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ȴշȶʱһ类һɫԵЩ̴䣬ֻ类ʲô֮һĴʹϮǿ߶ɫ⵲һŻͬ㣬ŷٻôȥ
ɫһ֮£Ҫ׷շʱͻȻɫһһģ֮£ʧԭء
ಡಡȴһɫ黨ԭһ
ȴŷȻʩ赲һ¡
ʱƺںʮɴһٴλΪһĿŷٻһɨԭªף˼֣˵ãǼ澣³ɺ޿һ˽ˣ
䣬ֻһϸֶꡱһϷ˾ҷɫ棡
ҲнڽڱǣһʮɸߵɫӰֶͷϢҲ˲浤ڡ
һХ˴ӰĻΪһž޴棬ŷٻóȥ
һĻŷٻɫһ䣬Ҳæ߶ɵȣɳһʮɳİɫ߰˶ʮɴСɫ黨ӭȥ
ɫűâһһɫ潣һɫ󵶴һֱն˰ɫɫ黨
һʱ䣬⽣ӰϷâڰн֯ͣѺǽϵĴ


928 ɢ
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ֻĹ򣬰ɫɫ黨ɫ潣ɫ£ڽɢŮֻòϳע뷨֧
շƼˣһٳȴԱƿȴħڵͬˣĿԼ
շ֮£ֻܴٶԵֵ
ܽħڵӣȻһʵշƻתۼ·
Щħ˲򵥣ҼʹȫҲѶʱȡʤһ跨סٳߣסԼ˵ͻȻշƼŷٻ˷ɿ촫
˿ڻɫУһʱ޷˵ʤϹħӳ־£Ҳͬסħ˵ж
ʱŮ뿪ûй˼ɵķһ
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շɫһ䣬æһתһ̝Сܾͳϡ
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շֻǰһڣ˷һ죬еһݡ
ħȻмǿĸʴԣɫֱѸٿӿݣҡβ
ħڵһɫΧм䡣
ⱦﵹҲܵס˵ʴɷħ֮ãһĿµħڵӣ
ߣʱѡһСħڵȴЩм˵
˵ϻˣְɣһħڵȴЩͷĴߴٵ
˵ʮָһһһƻҺԴԴĴָϼûмɫ
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˿̵ɫֲ֮԰˼֡
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һƬĿɫһٴλһƬ͵ɫ黨ŷٻһڵһת󣬻һϹշƲͬȥ
ߣûôף
˴ŭһֺ󣬻ɫâһٴλΪһž޴ɫţ׷ŷ߷ȥ
ŮһսϿϷĻգȻһڣ漴㾧һ˸
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ţһƬƬǹӸ߿£֮׻ɫħ׷ڿħ˲ǧٿף
Χħ˷״ɫһķɿȥ
ʱĽͣ˫ĿգĽɫƣ⣬Լлаɽɫ⾵
µǹ⣬ƺǱЩ⾵ˮķ׷ûС
ħ˼ˣȻ֪ΪһȺͬʱһ
ڷ𣬴ħУɳһħ׷ûħ֮Уۿɼٶȷɿֺ
˫Ŀһ˹⾵顱顱ķ׷ɢ˫һţһǹֱ֮ϲƶָ֮Ź򣬲һıѶһɫ˿˷ŷ
ɫ˿֮ʵʰĻɫħ׷׻ɫȼױ߽⡣
ͬʱһȦΰ׹ӽһԲ˼ٶȴħһɨ
顱һŰɫħһĸֶ
ħƴ߶ħЩɫȴϽͰĸΪ֮һʢڻпʼһƬͬʱŨħϡ
Ȼе˼ϷΪֹˡΪ׵ħ˼ˣȴĿЦһŤ
䣬ħķͶ𣬽ż󣬾;ԱһƻɫħעΪħڡ
ΪħֻǵһһȺͨɫһתȻ޴һɾѹûоͷһ·ǲֹ
󾳣
ͼˣ˲ʧڡ

͵ڵϿʮ֮⣬һƬɽƶ͵ɽ
ԶԶȥƬɽһ㱡ԵЩʣɽųƬĲ֪֣ʱɽӣ졣
վͷһƷϺȻվһӣȴһ·׷Ѱ̫żǺǰ
Ƭ̹ͷƬɽϿգһ㹤ȻɫһȻŤɽһۣһ˿ɫֶ
ǡ
ֻһһ䣬Ȼһڹ⣬ɽɳ۶ȥ
ɳȻһͣԶȥ
Ƭ̼Զһ죬һϹƾո֣Ծٶȳƿն
һϳϹŮӰŷٻŷ٣
Ů˿̣ȻҲͬʱϲ֮òԥֱӷɳ۶
ʱҲֶŮݹ棬һɫħ
ʶһɨħеϢȻҲһϳһ˿ɫһͷͬӭȥ


929 նɱ
֣ħħڵķʦΪڻǳ룬˿̻Щħ˽սδһŷٻԶԶһ䡣
ħڣħˣȻд£Ƕȴ˴˵ĿɨŮ壬ٿ˿˿û֮ͣɫħ棬ϵ˵һ󣬾ʹϹһӶֱӭ˺
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ͻȻ֣ħеһ˷ܵЦ
ȻҪɡ˼ɫһͬʱһ
˫һɫһ£ʮɳĺɫԣӱ󼤳һ󣬾ͷ׷ҡͷβĳ˶ȥ
ƣ
һ޺˫һʮǰһ죬ǰһʮɳɫ
Χһ֮󣬱ӭɫԣ˲˺һ
һƣ鶯Ʊ仯һɫĿ¶֮ɫ˻ħһʱҲֲߵ
ˣһ˫ַһ䡣
䡱һ
ɫ̼̹ɢâ֮£ɫҲһǧٿס
ʱȴȻɫһ䣬æһͬʱ˶ȥ
ԭȱ󴦣ռ䲨һһӶֻ˶ȭͷ񵷶
𡱵һХ
źɫͷӰںֶ˻һ
ɫӰһӣʱȼĵǰ񿳶ȥ
һ浶֮£һ¹֮ӲסŻͷӰľĺ
ʱͷһһž޴ţͷ­Ӱƾոֻ֣һſڣһϼ⵶һɨ˲䱻ƾߡ
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Ŀ׹Ŀһۺ󣬺ȻһſڣһöɫѿڶеһתӡɫӰĶͷϡ
žžĹǽڱ֮
ɫٴα˱ֻһɫİɼͬʱһɫɫħϵע֮УƷ·˲ҩһ𲽵תۼѾĴ󲿷֣ӰҲȻʵ
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໣һȻһһɫһ˲䶴жʥӰС
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ۡһɫħڳһת֮󣬱ʧӰ١
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˼ˣɫº󣬺Ȼ˵һתһ̹ƿնӡ
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ھӰ˲䣬ѸٱСָ˱Сһ֮£ΪһӰǰӡ
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Ӱ״󾪣һ಻ɫħ棬һۣһɫľ޶ܵ䱳
顱һɫ޶ܰȻһɡ
һ̣һ֮
ɫƶһͷײɫ޶Ϻ󣬽˺ķ顣
ʱŸתʩܸˣֻܽһֱһĵǰ
һ죬һײϺ󣬵ʯĵɳȥ
ಡһ˫ᣬһĴһӶһͣԶĵط
µͣµ丹ȴһ޴ѪһɹɵɫħѪһӿ
ڸղŵһ˲䣬侹Ȼһȭ

ԭªʹŤһȻԳҪ
һָƴȥһһתĴһöɵķҪͬһϡ
һ̣ͻȻ丹жͻȻдɺɫˮƮµµ

ʱѪɫһУ߶зȴѾˡ
ɫˮʸĴڱš顱һͬһͬѶӸ߿һ¡


930 սħˣϣ
һУһźɫԲһɶأȵУˮ顣
ԭǰһͬʱˮֱС
ûзֵǣ׷УһֻĴָСѪɫСУصͬʱϢûвӰ
лֳȣ
ŷٻŮ־ϲķ˹빰л
λˣʦǱߵ׷ʲô飬ٸϸ˵һ£
һļͷţӰһû֮Уתֱʵ
ŷٻԣħ˵飬ɿ˵һ顣
ħˣʮƵӣ꣬ɫһʵ
˵ûĪǴħǰ̫ŵˣһŷԣɫһʵ
˵⼸ħʵһħǿߵķ֪ͨܽΪǱ˷棬ʵνɲ⡣֮󣬿½ʦҲǶֵġüͷ΢΢һ˵
ٵϵħƺﵽ浤ΪŷٻЩԾ˵
浤Щʵʱִǿˡˣ²˳٣ĳһˣڸҸصطһ¡ҺͽʦֲеĻԻ跨ǻȥһ󣬳ŮԸ
԰գһĳŮϿȷȥ
ŷٻŷٶһ֮Ҳֻܰԣĳɽȥˡ
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ţһɫǹб˶ֱײɽȵһࡣ
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׹ɽϱѿâɢɽʯɽ£ɽ֮ϺȻֳһʮ֮Ŀһſ۵ӡ
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Ͽһߣһɫħƣɸߵħһɽ޴ľ޴ħӰ
ħӰϸֳһĵĹ컨ƣɫħӿģ壬ͷȴһɳɫǣɢһ޷ĿɲϢ
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ħ˼Σֻ׹һһſڣһɫ¶ڰ;գۼ仯¥С֮΢΢Ťģ
ͼ״һݣ˵ĵһһмһɫСܣ沼һƣɶֻԼʮɫѡ
ַɿһɫСһָһ֡
Сܵڰеһתɫâһ󣬱һ㾧Ө͸羵ĵɫˮĻֶѸӿգۼ仯ʮ㵲ǰ
һ˲䣬ɫ򣬺Ȼ䡱һѶһʮɳɫƥһ˦
ۡۡۡһ죡
һǰ߰˲ˮĻĽ飬ɫâɢС
һͻɫҲɢֳԭͣһͨɫĳޣ
˱޿֮߰ͷβ߽أÿһ϶ĵɫĲƣͬһɫľһ㣬ɢųһŨŨϹϢ
ħ֮ǰż֮ѰٵһϹħùޡ
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һ̣ɫһֻһಡಡ󣬰˵һӭɫӰ޵
һɵԲ
Щ⾵ڿеһתһƬƬɫǹкΪǺӵĳȥ
һ̶ļܲǹݺύɫӰʱײһӴƵ·Ҫֱ˺ѿһ㡣
һʱ䣬â׹ӿһĿϼ˷ϯħ˵ӰͬʱûС
â׹һŵͬʱʧ
ʱδı˺ѿԲɷΧϿɽڣȴʧһ˶ľ޿ӣĴɫʯڿзɾ
޿һ࣬һŽۣɫ԰׵գŲǽ͡
ʱϵѻã˵Ǽۣ˵ǽ¸ĺʣ䲱ӡ䡢ֱۡȡŲ¶ƤĲλһһı޺ɼ滹һƵɫš
ԭܵİɫ⾵ѲӰڷŵһУΪޡ
仹δüղһѲһȫʢʱһ㾹ܻҲǲ˼֮£ǰĻɫɢ߰ɵħԳӰ֮ɫ˵
Ծɳһ߰ɳɫޣ£ҲȻʮֱ۴ϸѪںƣۿɼٶȷɿʧˡ
ߣû뵽黹ءҵǸ棬㣬ܼڵʵã̧俴ħһۣһĻصȡһŵɫһģֻһƣȫµı޺۾ȻʧˣϢҲͽȻ˼֡
۶ãҪС㹻ˣ
ħԴŭһȣɫ޺Ȼâһʢһɫһӿ׷ڣͬʱ޻һɫ߰ķɿұϡ
ħֳһɫƣϢٴԿֲٶ
ͼˣͫһһѿˡ


931 սħˣУ
ħһͺħ޵ֱӶһɴֵɫӰ
Ӱ֮֮һǿҵһɫ·нһлΪҽĸо
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ħ˷ӦҲǼ죬ֱһɫޱɿһŤתĽ˦˳ȥͬʱϵɫһʢ㽫绡յľ⡣
ڰһ˼ͷ󣬲ſסΣҪһĲȡжʱȻɫһͻȻŤ׳ϿȺȥ
ֻһɫݹ⣬쳣˵ٶȣ۶
ѵˡħƺҲԶжһЦ
ˣǷɳ۸
ʱȺƵͷ壬һϾ֮ɫȻѾԶǸĿĵ˶޿ӡ
޿Ϸ߰ɸߵ˶ħˣ֮ǰϢǿ˲ֹһ㡣
֮γԱȵǣһߵĽͿϲʲô˺ۣϸĵĹ۲죬ȻѾԪĲˡ
Ȼ㣿СŮ㵹ܷ뿪
ڲʱħ˲Ȼڶ
˿ûнӲ磬Ƭ̺󣬻žһ죬ֱֻ۾ƾձһصǰݺһ
Ϊħˣɲ˿֣һֱȻʹʮɵķ
Х֮
ʮɳĺɫֻƵ䱳һֱħڹȥ
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ֻḧǰɿһӡдʣ麣Ϸġٵ֮Уһ˿˿ѹľţ侹ٷųһ˿
Դϴżðյõһž׺һЩ׹У̫ħɵ顣
ʱڤ֮һɾ˵ѹһɫâںڹп֣䡱һڤѶɫĻкɫâͣƬҡŤһ֧ӡ
ͼ״ɫһ˵һſڣһžѪ¶˫ַɿĳѪһ㡣
ಡһѪһѪû˰ɫĻ֮С
ɫĻǿһζ֮ȶ˼֣ɫǲϳŹĻ
ҲȡһĹٵ֮Уһϸ˿ɫһ֮󣬴һָе
һ
⿴ͷϸɫ˿һ󣬾һĻΪڰִһֱ͸Ļ롣
ףżгֵĹȻ㣡ڤһħ˵ıŭ˻֮
ֻٶȼһޣɫһ֮󣬷·һ϶½ʵʵ
䡱һ죡
һɫɫɫ˿һƬԶ߰һɽһƬ˲仯˻ҽ
æ߶޼׾˲串ϸͬʱα˶
һҲĵ˳ȥУȻ³һѪ
һ
һεĳڽһԣһѽסΪļһݳ˰⣬һֳΡ
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ˣжʱһ
˷Ѿðշųһ˿ףʹñӡѹħҲ¶ȻǱħڵ
ɫ䣬˷ٵȡһŵҩһ̶¡
СȻܹþףǾ;ˣ
ɫм䣬ħ˻ߵĴɫһٴλûһħޡ
һ̣ϺɫȻΪâıѶһӰһļһĳڶǰԼɼǰֱһ̧һɫâ
һתһԾ޴ɫȻһȣͬʱһŵسȥ
Ҳǻǹһĳһȥ
ħ˼벻һΣӰĳ׷ȥԽȴ޶һ㣬һֻһ̧һ㡣
һɫָһһĴֵָĺڹһţת˲͵ǰ
һǿĴ߶޼׾ԼڵĳɫƬǰһȻһΡ
顱һ
оͷһȣһʹ
֮ϣȻһֵָѪһƵĻɫħȻͣϣͬʱͷ߰ɴžžĳ޽֯һɫâҲ¡
ǧһ֮ʣ֮һĵֻһ󾢷紵һɳĳɫâһ
顱һ
ɫӰ뵶âͷһײ֮󣬡ಡķ˻ȥ
ǽԶԶ֣˴˻
˳һ飬㵨ӵ治Сħ˶ݹһٵͣΣһת׳ȥ
ֻкȻһĳɫС֮һʵʵľӨͣΣֻǵһϸ΢ѺۣȻǷһȻǿֵסˣȴ˲١
ͶԴ޶ð㣬ֻޱ³һھѪûɫС֮С
Сһ󾫹תһΧĿ˵һһɳĳɫâħһȥ


932 սħˣ£
ħһֱ͵Ĵ׳ɫгͬʱһһӶȥ
ͬһɳɫâӭȥ
䡱
֮âײһϽӵĹâ䣬ɽԭͲȱȫɽ֮ϣȻһСĿ׶
顱һ죬ɫâһΪıâһѡ
һسɫâ֮һתź󣬾Զһɽͷһƽ
ô˼϶ɿȡһŰɫͷһģһɫ˿֮У˿ҲǻֺٴһΣĵӰħڼȥмڹ
ħ˼״ԥֱһӣһɫӰǰֶ籩ĻΪƬâĵӰϤС
ۡۡۡӰһɫӰ׷ɢ
һӰҲ֮ʱһɫǹӰһ֣һӣһɫǹ⼤Ӳסеɫޡ
顱һ
ħһ鶯֮£ɫǹɢӰһĵ󵹷ɳȥ
һĹȴûһŤ˲ưĳħǰԶһӣڹ⼤
â֮УȻĴָСĺɫԲ
Բӭһǣתۼǳĥ̴СУ΢䣬һ͵͵
ӵǾħʬᣬħЧĽħ
ħôд
ɫԲһħ״ɫɫһĻɫħһһξͳڰ֮⣬ĿתĽźɫԲɵ֮ɫ¶ɡ
ħˣ˫һģ£ȻԲ
ɫԲȴ΢΢һ󣬾ͻȻһĿ⵱һ
ٺ٣㲻֪ӺδõЩ»ʹðɣ׸ȥκħȴȻ¶һ˿Ц˵ĿϺöԲ䲻ɨӣƺҪ̽һЩʵ
˫أĻŰԲȴɿЦһ
֮ǰڻþѧŵսķʽԹͨ߶һЩħκιͨ׵ģû뵽ҪԴ˶Եˣִ֮˻ȴ˿ܿһ㣬Ҳ֪ʹ÷׳ʲôء
һߵĽͣĿô˾ȴһ˿׾ɫ촽΢ĳɿ촫˼󣬻ɫǹһٴλһ׺磬ħڼȥ
ħ˼״׹ָָɫâͣһĴֵָĻɫǵصļ
ͻɫǹҫͣջһĻߣԾ󾹽Щıܿˡ
ħ˼״֮ɫһָһĻɫ͵һ֮˷ٴΧ˶ȥ
ͼԦǹʵ֣ܾյ״һ䴩
ʱһʮָȻһ֣޵ĺɫһûԲкöħٴ΢΢һٴηͳ
һԭͼħһָһţһɫȻһ٣׷ڽܱ
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λãһɫħɫǹ⽻䣬һƬģٴûС
ħһк˿ûУұһɫһһģĻΪӰֱֻħХȥ
ʱȴʮָٰŪȴ˼Ͳŵ
ֻɫԲ֮ȻΪһƬģӰƾһĵɫ޺Х޷ֺ
ħ˼ˣпϲͻȻһ˿ɫɫһʱɫӰһ䣬Ȼڳȥٶ֮죬ʯһ㣡
ˣĿһȼԶʱǰӰһΣ;˺۵ֶǹҫؿ֮һɫηĵתͣ˲һִɫıӰһɢһźħ˺Ȼȥ
ħһʶħһӿڵǰһ̣һ죬䵽ǰĹȻѶâ·̰ļ
ڣڣ
âһߴħһϵֳһѪɫѪӿ
Ҳ֪ЩâӵкܣȻħŨŨĻħ
ħܴȻȻŭԼסѪȼԺݺݷʱԶ΢΢һֳ̣ǰһΰԲڰеöɫԲȴȻһԭƾʧˡ
⣡
ʱעöħħ񣬵ɫ䣬ȻʲôƵģħһȻȥ
Ȼһȴͽ͡
ۡڹһ֮£ħ˵˫֮ϣ׷׸ֳöԲ
ħ˾ĿУֻɫԲһϣʱڹʢĹħĲϸֶħһ롣
ħ˵˰һ㣬ȴҲ޷ƶˣֻͬʱ˻ߵĿͣͬʱɫħƴԵֵɫħҲǷͣ
˴ϲ˫һһͻΪɫֱħȥ
Ҳԥһǰٴεһתһɫħһ
ȻȫһҪħ˾ʹ˻еĴ㡣
ħ˼ˣȻŭӣۼԹһ˿ɫһȣɫٴο
顱죡
䱻ħס˫һǺ󣬾ʹԱһɫħѪ˷ϯȥ
ֻЩħڰֻһ֮£ٶȱöħ֮С
ħ˾ϵ˱֫Ա֮ӻΪһѪܹ͹
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顱ֻħӰһ鵯˳ȥॡĵ˵ϡ
ˣ۽ǳ鴤˼£˫Ŀֻħˣȥֻħ
Ͼڻþаԣ˻յħޣÿδ߶󣬶ʱڶ޷ٶõڶεģҲ򵥱Ӱеġ
ħ˺󣬱ͱռķ֮ѹƣֱħ˲ħһԱ˿һʵʮӦòˣˣеǸȽ׵ħޣǲСġ
ɿ˼š
ħҲͬ͵ĿڴڵĴŴ
ʱϵϢѾ轵һ벻ֹۼ˿ڴɫħϵţƺڻָţеɫҲ߰һأֱٴ̾ᵽ֮ϡ


933 ֮
ԶĽͣλΣһ׹¡
顱һ·ʯУһɫ̳
һæųʶһɨϵĽͣϢȻʮѪЩңӦû֮ǣһɡ
ʱȻɫһ䣬ȻһģĵһģһӰɲǼûͬʱͬ
ಡಡļвĻɫʸƾո֣ǵذļ
Ӱ˲䱻ɫʸֱӶ׷׻Ϊٴɢ
ֻһӰȻһͺ˫ֶʱΪȭӰĿ󲿷ּʸӲһ𣬲ȴֻ©֮ݺݻУ顱ײǰһڣӿֱӵ¡
˿̵İʹѪģһɫѾѿƬɫƬҲѾķѡ
Զħ˼ⷬͻȻϮûе֣ҲΪ֮һ
ЩͻȻֵĻɫʸȻǰԱ֫ħȻһٻûġ
ղһ޼׾Ƭ˺󱳣ܱͻȻϮֱӶҪˡ
ߣӦͦ죡ħѳҲܷųģҾͿ㻹ʲôʱ򣡡
ħ˳һ󣬺Ȼһͻһɻɫħ
״һ˵һ̧֣ʮɴСĺɫ˲ӭȥ

ɫħдһ˻𣬵һת˲仯Ϊ޴к󣬱㽫ԾУ˲ķ顣
Ӱһħ˱徹ħ֮гһģ˲ưĳǰһһƵĳӰ
˽ľ룬ӿ̼£׽ûС
ħһϲָһһھѪħ桰ꡱһȼΪɫ𺣡
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ǰġȻƽûģħ֮ǰѾѿǵ˳ȥ
ʱħһʮУһ˫ģӰһֶ˫Ŀͬħ˶ͬʱḧ䣬һҺȻֶ
壡
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һ̣һһ糤ɫСһͨɢһ溮⡣
ն
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ȻƲ£ʩչѹֶΣŷӡûõĽ̫е˳ȥ˲̶Ⱥ֮󣬻Ǵԭ
öֱƽעĽҿ˽ϵķӡһӲħͷ­ǰŲһϢˡ
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˵ˣ⽣֮ħȫʢʱڣҲ޷һģҲϵڣӲͷƤôֶεġ
ڴʱǰһȴǷǿŽɫԲٴ˲ƶأֻǱâƺŵһ˲佫̺Ŀֲй˴䡣
һһ䵭ɫңɫԲһ롣
ɫұâһת£ٴʧټ
ʱ֮һֽдѭȥ΢΢һ䡣
ֻųڳʹýľϲУ˿ûע⵽ħ˵ͷ­û׹䣬ƾɫѪһ㣬һɫħ
ʱһſڣһɻɫħһ׹ֱµɫھȥ
룡
ʶɫܵȻöԷóѣһһɫеһ¶һų̷ķ­Ƿɶ
ɶһֱ׹ɫ޶ȥ
Ǳ˫һȣһɫ磬ħͷ­ȥ
ɶ䣬Ȼɫħ˼ֵɫްɳɫ˿һļһɫžס
ħͷ­״ݷ࣬ԥ֮ɫһţһҧתƿնӣͬʱһ޵ķ
­̷סɫޣǹħͷ­¶Ļɫħȴһתû˳֮С
ʱޱ棬һɫķķͬʱͬɢһİĿֲϢ
ɶҪܴ˱ˣ
һɨɫ䣬һٵͣ¶ݹ⣬ɶɿķԸһͬʱһķųˮ飬ĹעУһɫˮȻϸֶ
ɶһ飬ͷ̷һı㽫ԶԶ׳ٴתһ̹ƿնߡ
¡¡һ죡
ɫڸձ׳Ƭ̺󣬲ȻµԱһ伸ɸߵɫĢƽض
ħ˷Ա֮ǿ֪ˣ˷ƬϿȶܲУдļɽͷҲ˲仯˻ҽӵϾĳɳ
ֻˮһҵͣˮĻǿҵҡΣˮֱһƸֶ
ͬʱһǹӸϳһɶһߣһͳ⣬ɫһľҪڵأǽͣ
׷
ǹ֮УǿסΣ΢Ĵһ䣬ɿȡһŵɫķ˺飬һɫĻֽɶС
ɫһǰನˮһգɫһɿһХ֮һ׷ħͷ­ӷȥ
ôһ飬ħͷ­ȴ֮ˡ
˿̵ħͷ­һһҧſ³һžѪʱһѪֶ
ѪɫħƣԼйħԾֹͷ­һģ䣬ͻΪһѪ⼤ߣһ֮£˼ǰԾԶһ󣬱㻯ΪһڵʧӰ١
Ѫ
ͫһ¶һ˿ɫ


934 
ܹ߶޼׾ɫϣ׷ϵĿܣ񾭹ս˫Ѿ鲼˺ۣ֮Ҳйһգڽ֮һ£Ҳ޷ʩչġ
ԶԷڵľٶȣѾ׷֮ˡ
̾һ󣬵תڻȥˣһǰЩε˵ʦ֣ˣô
˾˰ɣ޳˽裬տɾΣˡħشеķҲѾԱ޷ʲôвˡֻԪЩ𣬲µġղŶ̫󣬴˴Ǿ֮أ뿪˵˵ɡһۺҡҡͷ˵¼ŵҩɫת˼֡
ҲáȻ
һԵķ­ܵ˳Աĳ;ʱͷ̷յ٣ǲ޴󰭡
һ̽ͷ
˽һЩһնһһƽ𣬻һɫݹƿնȥ
˷ɳûãȴȻһɫݹ⼲۶
ɫһºƲһ͵ͣȥ
ʦˡһԵĽɨһۣ˵
ǵٶȼ죬֮£㵽ǰһֳ֮ӰӺշƶˡ
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ħˣѾԶˣҲȥ׷ˡЩˣѷһЩҩֻҪϢϼձɻָ¡ˣأ˰֣漴ʵ
ʦ־ȻЩħ˻ˣ治ΪǰЩǷֺҴʦһɽżſڣһȺޣʵǿûмغϣһʦܲ䣬мܡҴʣ跨˳ڰ·Ͽ˱ħڵ׷ɱʦãֽһɱˣ˵㱻浤ħڴ˵أʦܴҵطˣҸʦøˡǴϲĹ֮ɫһĽ˼䡣
ǰ˵ˡһΣܰȻ£ҪʦˡЩħħ½ħ֮ӳֵħȷʵ֮ʵȻͻ󾳣ʦܵĽչһλΣ˼֡ȴЦһĻص
󾳣裡
Եһ֮۷ŹΧ´ͣڿʲôһ㡣
һԵշƣҲǳԾ֮ɫĿͬš
浤˵޳ɽȻǲ֪֮£Լٵ֮£ö˴ΪȻͼ֡
շƸԹЩħ˵ģ֪ʵĿֲ
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ӦòǣЩİأȵȫȻͬǶӣҲû׷½塣ҡҡͷ˵
˴˻Ŀ΢ȴû˵ʲô
η֮УǹƵĻҪΣһЩ˴˵֮أǻȻصפ˵Ҳɫһ
ӺշȻûȴͻȻһȭ˵ȻʦһɣŷҵλѻڸҪȥѰٸȥϡ
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ʱ֮һһŨŨɽɽϿա
֮Уһ̧â󣬷׷ûܲӰ
漴ԭֹɿ¶һɴСĿӡ
˼״һһ˽ȥڼ˽ٶֺ
ֻɨһۣ΢΢ĵͷ
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ĿϷɿɨ΢ͣһ£¶һ˿ɫɫ糣
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˶ʮֿĶΧǶһЩӨİɫ¹ʯɽӳյİ׹ɵģ⳨
̫ŵĵķɢڶиԭϥ˿̼ǽһҲվ
뿪ʱ˼ˣ˵״Ҳ̫ã϶زһƣʿЩήҲɽһһԲѵӡ
ŷô˿ҲվȺ֮УӰҲֳһ˿ϲɫ
ˣŮ΢΢ͷ
˴ǰҲǾһɱӶݣһϢɫǰҪϲ٣û̫Ѫɫŷ٣üһ㱡ĺƣɫЩҰܡ
ŷٻһֹģ˿Աߵˣվûп˵ʲô
̫ӣڼͺ浤ӻҲ¶ϲɫ
ЩƽﶼŸͬеٮٮߣܸԳأԸУƾԼıԱҲݣʶʱΪ˽˵أҲǼͷƤӱĽ˴
ǶǱźųųһεĪԵģŽϽʱ䣬ʣ˵ˣȽܵˣ̬ϸ췭ظı仯˿ˡ
浤죬ǵĿУȻѳĹǣʱֶع飬ΪһҲһͬˣȻ־ϲ
ڼڵӵȻ¶һ˿Цݣһźߵɽ䴦ǸػԵ̫ŵԶ
һҲ˹м˼ΣҲΧ
ӽԵ̫ŵӷǰûп˭˿̿ݺвһ˿ɫ
ԭ˾Ȼ
˫ĿգһѪ߰ߣϢЩȻ˺󣬼ʱҩ
Ͳ鿴һַȡһöɫĵҩС
͵ĵ̸Унԭί


935 
ǸѰʱ޴ˣڷ͵ĵƷ򵤺󣬲űסһȴһֱ
Ŀһ˸֣ʵҲ˽⣬Щ޾ȻҰˣ
ԺвֳйһϦ֮ŮٻӰƴʱ˵Ĵ½֣˴½ΪĴ½еǿԶʤ½Ǻϡ顣
ѵҲǺһĴ½ޡ
ҿǵһûҵ𰸣㽫׿ˡ
ͼƺ󣬲һκ󣬱վһ˵
ʦûд󰭵ģҶڴ˵һʱ䣬Ĵɡ
Ȼû
󣬽ɽڴ˼׷ȷһжû֮˸طϥȡ˷ͼרо
ڵٴηɢɽиϥˡ
ŷҲڿĳɽڵĵط̧˹ȥ
λɣ
ҵûʲôֻЩԪѣٶʱȶʱھƱһЩиʴ֮ħþ˷Ҳ޷䳹ŷٻһۣһ˿ġ
ٻ㣬ûµģħѾ˹Ƴ˴룬ֻҪٻʱ䣬žȫˡŷһ˿ʹ࣬ǿЦһµ
ŷٻԣݽҧȦ΢΢Щ졣
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⵹Ǹ鷳ԣüͷһ
Ҳа취ʱӦȫսףΪ˽رģƲ֮вϡеĺԵʴ֮һı仯Ч֧һʱӦò⡣ؼǽٴӴڳ²û̫׵ķ⻹һ㣬Ҳͬһ޴ܱսƣʶ޷͸ֺ½к޷ͨѶʱһսһѻҶٴλ˵
һ˶ʱĬȻ


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λɲصģȻʯȻ˵ġֻҪܼʱѰҵ鶦ǾڷΪʹٴſڡһֱĬ˵
ʦ˵Ҳҳ֮⣬Ҳûõķˡ˼Ƭ̣˵
˷жȻҪðЩգ뻢Ѩɵûӵĵڳ֮˶ס
λڼȻս׽棬ʵҲǽֶεѡ֮һġȻҲΪԣǾͲô˲ˡҶһ칥ڵһ󣬾˵˵
ܺãʱǱֹɹƿпɽҶѣʦҸԴ޽йעʦܣʦܣ˽ڣѰ鶦ɡ
ͺܿ㹹ļƻ˵
һ˼󣬾͵˵ͷɸ¶ԾԾ֮ɫҲһڴӦ
칤ڵӼðսڣȻҲûж
ʦ֣¾ͨɱ֮ڴڸܷҲɽѰұģȴüһ¶Щ֮ɫ˵
ʦܣ䷨ǣƴ벻ġʦʦʮǿһЩиΪʵġ͵˵
ԣƳһɺ󣬱㲻ٶ˵ʲôˡ
ʱ䣬һϸڣҶĴ֮£һ·򶫷ɳգԽһƬӵѩɽ֮󣬺ȻһƬޱ޼ʵԡ
󣬱ھʮһɽϿͣ
һȥǰƬֳʻ֮ɫ֪ΪοһͺͺɣϡϡһЩĻɫҶӣֵĶϲ࣬ƽعһƬռԼʮĶĻҺɫɽ
ɽʲ״ɽ֮Ͽӿݰ͹ƽɽ֮һ͹ʯţɽΧһ㵭ĻʹɽЩʣΪ˵ƽ˼ɫʡ
۾ɽȻɫȻûɢȴһɲĹоɫһ
ǶҶѿеľ˰ɡзһɫǹ⣬ԶһɨĿɽ֮ϣȻʵ
ʦֹȻ棬ڼصǴˡӣڳ˯֮УǿͬʱҪȫϢܵ޶ԷΪУԴܻὫ侪ѡҶǸɽκ󣬲ɫ֣ص˵
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ٹ۲һҶٴο˵һоͰ֮ǰļƻ£һҪע⣬˷ȡȻѾй¶˺пҲѾ︽ر֮ˣӦҲޣҪǧġ
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źɫͲһֻЩء
ս˿ڵöˮǿʿǴصսףڲ÷£·޷ġ
˼ţ̧һۣƺҲ칤ڵսĸȤͬ׷ȥоͣ
ͿʯеҶһۣһ߰˸ɫСһ˷׷ײ˵֮ϣΧһΡ
дʣһ֣ɫ⣬תۼɽ֮Уһ£㲻Ӱ
һ̣һİɫֶС
ǾֻҪڴΧڣһзᴫݵ棬ʦܺʦܾڴϤһ»սװɣõĻᾪǾޡͿ˵
Ȼлһ
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ɶһۣ˵ͷһԵƺмֲԸӣ˶ͬˣҲûж˵ʲô
ǺãʦϤһսװɣʦܣȥ̽һΧǷѾڸַԸ˼֮󣬽ͱ˷ɳ˾
˷һ뿪ɳɨһ֮󣬱ߵ˾һ
΢΢һЦҲԹԵоĻսס
ͬһʱ䣬ԶһʯԣҶ칤ڵΧҲһɸƣҲڿ̫ܿż̸
Сʦ壬ѾԸڽ˵صͬʱĴ߶ڵĸӦ֮ĿǰѿȷϾ޷Բ֮ڣҵ⣬ûڸһຩ׳ʵӣĳҶ˵
ǾͺãҶɫһɡ
Сʦ壬˵̫ļܷ񿿵סϾһɵĶɲСһЩǸ֮ܵ£»ֵסġһģӣĵ˵
ʦԣ̫δӵĽǴ֮ˣʵɲ⣬ֻ谲ֵԼ֮¾ͺãˡУʵͬǿ󣬵ŴϱѴʡɣҲۼ䶷ȻֻлΪд˵еĶ壬ʵ浤ԣȡвСյġҶĳ˽͵
칤ڵⷬͣŴһ
˵Щ칤ڵڽ֮ûñ㿪ʼȺ⵽ħ͵Ϯ۽֮ջȴ֮٣һδãܽ鶦УǴ˴η֮бûаˣȥڶؽġ
һߵľУϥųʶϸоźɫͲ
ͲдȭͷС⻬ޱȣһɫ彻ǶУŵĺڹ⡣
칤ڵĿܼգǼʶĲˣܵԽԦľ޴ͭ˿ܣԼڹĮ֮µοܣԿܵȣһǹ칤
ս׵֮ͬҼ칤رƣȻҲǷƷ
˵ԻսҲİƴ½һͽʱѾʶˡ
һ˼󣬵Ҷ˵ŵڵķָ֮ϣͲһָ


940 
ԲͲ֮еĺɫȻһâתۡһ죬һɺϯָָ⿪ʼƶϡ
ָֻһһ̺ƿʼɿȫӣһĹ㸲ȫҲһסˡ
šǡ죬һڹɵսȻֶȫ˸ʵʵ
ս׵˫࣬úɫ˿ֻ̳ͼ
еΪǣս׸ǣȴӰӾȸй١
ųʶһɨ֮£㷢սؿ֮ڣһɫľʯ⣬ȻǴ˼׵ĺڡ
ϣ״ɫ΢΢ͣʱɢŨϢ
׻ս׷ȻΪġ
ҿһۼͷͼڵķ˫֮һƺɫϢͼһת֮˫ͫ׷׾һͷ״Ȼ͹ֵֻĺɫ׸
һڷע뵽ֻС
ֻɫ״һţ³Ĺܣͬȱһ㣬м䡣
칤ڵĻսףȻЩ˼
һ£ɫܿ÷תı״Ŀ飬ܻûɶƣеȸ̬Ϊ⡣
һߣɴ˿ҲµĲŸסȫĻսףϤŸá
һʱ䣬ͬߺɫһˣⷨжЩСڷԼôԶǸСɽûʲôӦ˱㿪ʼϴ
ԼĪʱ󣬽ͺԶ˻Ӷ˵ɫȻûʲô쳣֡
һϰѽսΪϤˣ˿̼ͻдʣһ£ϺڹһתٴλΪһֻĽͲ
һߣҶ˴˿Ҳۣ˹
Ȼ׼ˣǾ²˳٣ЩɡһĽ󣬱ʾû쳣ֺ󣬾ͳ˵
ҶȻûһˣȫϢСĴɽ³ǰĸߴַͿշȥ
Ϊ˲ݾߣһڷɳԼĪʮ󣬱Ҷʾ£ʼͽߣ˴ӣſִ˴ǰġСԶȻͣ
ڰʱδԴʲô̫һӽľ޵ľ޴̫칤һɾӢӣһ
ʹǼʶĽͣҲЩ
˽뿴ȥͬһСɽһ㣬ưĺƬһ࣬沼˻ҺɫĳɽһΡȻΧһĻɫ
ǰ֪һ˼ǴԱ߾Ҳ޷ֱġ
ʼɣ
ջĿ󣬳һԵҶ˵ͷ˵
Ҷԣ촽΢ĳ칤ڵСԸʲô
ӷ׷׷ɳ۶Ϣķɢɽܣվķλֳһ״
Ҷһĳɽͷֻ֮һתȡһɫָ̣֮
칤ڵĵӶĻֱۣȻڴǰѾ˲֪ٴˣһɫ쾮ȻĲܵĵϣɿĲɴСԲη
ֶǰһĻͬʱʱ̹עšɽĶ
ɫֺ죬ƣ̣ɫֱӡиʽķģֱľˮС
ڷĴӦİڷɫȭͷСԲ飬ֻпˡ
ͻȻյҶɫȻ΢΢һ
ӱ㲻Լͬķ׷״߶ܵһ
ŷû룬ɫâţ΢ĶиֳһſȭͷСĹš
Щ뷨ɫһ޶ԽԽ࣬գۼ䣬бۼϰٿˡ
ʱɫЩţзҲɣһ˿δ
һ̣зͬʱһͣеЩڰһ֮£һɫľ
ɫڷϿձѿΪϸľ˿£·ĴԲ֮С
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ֻɫԲ׷𣬵һû֮籩ǣ̼ʮɸߵľ޴εĿܼʿǰ
죬ƣִ̣Ĺӿܼʿϳһǿѹ
λʦܣ͸λͼ״æ˵˵
˶ʱɫһݣ׷һɢ
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ʱΧмġɽҶ濪ʼֹѣһҺɫʯ׷¹䡣
Сɽ࣬Һɫʯ֮ϣɳɳ֮һ죬һԷݴСľĿһͬʱСɽ˳ֱ
𣡡
һĺУɽ˲߽⣬һͷȻ޵ν
ͨʻҺ֮ɫһֻ޴⬣н֮ߣ߰ɳ
ʮʯĹǴ̣Ӵͷ­ȴЩͷһֻʮɸߵڶǣһɫβ˲һǣ׳壬СɽһŲ̤ȥʮɷΧڵľ׷۳˲ľ
ʱΧƿӰ䡣
ͣһ칤ڵն˳֮ƽΧм䣬Ҷˡ
ͬڰ֮Уȫעĵȴʱ
ʹļʶ㣬ټǰľ޴ͺҲʵһѡ
Ӵľޣ̤ΪӴһֻˡ
ǰľޣͻȻһ£͵ظֳһ档
ʱһʮ꣬׵ʱ̣ҲһֻޣƺֻǰֻСһֶѡ
ʱķ֮ȻŵĻɢΪֻǴҴһƳѡ
𣡡
ԭЩ¶ľĿ˼֮ɫΧ󣬾޴ͫðһŭٴ췢һŭ
Һɫľ޴ƬȻһȦȦⲨ磬ΪһŻӰŰȥ
ھͷҶ˾ɫһ䣬̽еǿɫ̣֮һף˫ֱַ仯һ
ԭ֮ɫ̣˲仯ɴС֮еķת
ಡһ
һĵ˾ͷ֮ϣҵתȻâ·һɫ
ͬһʱ䣬ڷһԵ칤ڵӣҲһɫС죬ͬʱ͵͵ӿд趯֮£ɫϼӿ׷ûǰľͿ֮С
ͿܼʿִУһ£˲һƬγһ״İԲɫ֣мޣˣһͬУͬʱųһĿΡ


941 
䡱һ춯صľ죡
;ɵһײɫϣֱڶʱһζɫâ֯˸һҡҡ׹ӡ
ӴʱһȻ˻ȥ޴棬һĹ
վκ˶ͷ­ҡ£ƺΪײЩѣεӡ
칤ڵھײ˲䣬Ҳͬ΢΢һæһ죬ٴһû·УɫȹһЩ
ͳڣյҶߺһ˼ھſһھѪתɫ֮ϡ
ɫ̶ʱâǣһˡǿҵ˷۶γһ޴УƬնһվԶҲǰĿѡ
Χ칤ڵҲһ֣е켤һִ⡣
ɫĻâţĻϵķĿʼҵĿ
顱һ
ԲɫĻɢĻ˵㾧⣬һ̣еĹһ𣬻ΪһɫֻǴһݺύ֯޵סˡ
ź֪ĲʮʯĹǴð˴ƬĻɫӴһ󡰺¡¡Ŀѡ
ȻԵϸ˿ϵļͣƾζȻεĽԭء
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ֻѾǴ˰֮ߣǽɫͣ
һ̣칤ڵһͿϴһöġ
һֻɫͿܣһУǰһˮ״ĴºһĵˮͰֵɫֻܼȥ
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ҶȻóѵģͺȵٴͬʱһ
Ϻɫܼʿʮɾʱ´ͻȻһƬɫϼ⣬ɫϯȥ
Ϻɫϼһ֮£׷ɢʧˣһȴֱӾء
һž촫
Щɫ׷׳˾޵ͷ弰֮֫ϣһûڱ˿ĺۼʹ֮£ȴϢ
󣬹ȻֵǶˣԪʦܣʦ˸ȫͷ࣬ʦܣʦǶŻһ޳ʹ֮ſڻֱӳȥͼ״Ťͷ˷Ը
еġԪʦܡ칤ʣеӣĿЩСȴ쳣׳ʵ˽͵Ļμ֮£ֱ˾ͷ࣬Ҳ΢΢ƶΣŴ޵ͷ
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ٿطҶ칤ڵӴʱҲͷ󺹣ƶĺ鲻ͣĹȻٿ󣬿ɲʲô֮£ԷĶǼ
칤Ԫվκ󣬶˵һ̧˫ۣз޵ͷȥ
֮УȻʮƵĻطɽһӲӣһơ
ն
Ԫָɿɽһ˲ڡԡΪһ壬ΪһɫУƿУһʮ֮ޣͷХȥ
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˾һĻԪһҲɫһ䡣
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һߵ״ȴһЦͬʱ۳һ٣³һЩ޵ķ䣬˫һŻҺɫ׷׷ױһֻֻҰɫѻʮֻ֮࣡
еĻҰɫѻ˫ᣬͷȥȻ۳һֻĻҰɫѻ
ȥ
ͷ­Ҳһָѻ˫һ񣬱㻯һҰɫâļȥ
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ѻҲƺһ߾ȫһƵĻҰɢˡ
ԪĹǰ󲻹߰Ϣ򣬽ȴûʲôٶֻĿתĿžޣƺڵȴʲôᡣ
ԪƳһĿв֮ɫһţȴһ䴢ʮźɫһܶһֻֻðܣһŵǰ
Щÿÿһнʮ֮ߣɫĹǼŵ⣬иһ߰ɳĳ޸
ԪдΣ˫ʮָһһ׷ûÿǰ֮
ÿǰһʢ˫ס޸ͷһն
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˲ͣĹ£вϵķߺߡһǰ֫ͣŵϵĻǴðĻɫԽԽࡣ
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顱顱
һΣסɫںɫеи֮£׷ɢ
Ҷ칤ڵӼ״һ
ʱһһͷǰ֫͵һٵ棬֫һţöһͷײϷϡ
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һһζĴɫâ𣬾Ӳײ˼֡


942 
ҶˣɫʱЩˣ˫æϵĴһɫϡ
弸칤ڵĵҲæһ߷ȫһԾͿͷ֮ʯķ׷ͷһھѪ˫ʮְָ仯
ԭվֻͿܣȻ˫붯ĴԼؿڣ̧Ȼǰȥ
ͬʱǰķĶʱֱ˼֣ܽӦ
ֻ֮ľԽԽ໥ҲˮǴߣǹȻʵ˼֣ٴһ¡
ͨһӲٴѹſϡ
Ƭ֮ԭζͣɫڻָƽ
ۼзֵס˾޵ĳͷ󺹵칤ڵҲʱһ
Ҷᵽɤ۵ģͬҲַ˻ȥ
һȴûеóԸƿԵøӽ겻ɽڹ²ǿ֮һɹȵĵɫϢ
ɫһͣٹ󣬱ֿʼײʹٴҲ
ʦܣԪʦܣ˫Ŀ
ڴʱԭڰһĽͻȻڳ˷Ը
Ԫԣзһ䣬ָǰһÿܣһİɫâ㳯Ŀȥ
һߵǵһȻŴ̹âķһ󣬻Ϊһɫ棬ҲĿȥ
ƺǸӦ˷ʶĽݰС˫Ŀ
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ڴʱһһֻ׹ɵԲƾոС
дʣһɫĴӿһԲ֮С
Բ׹ⶸȻһʢһۿɼĵɫ˷ӿע뻷УʹϢ̿Ƕ
Ѳǿ黷ϿգҶʱڹעŽ͵Ķ龰Դȵ
ƿܵ칤ڵԣȴЩĪͷԡ
ʦܣʦܣ׼ˣ
Ȼһǰһа׹ɵԲʱΪһ׹⣬һӰ˫ĿĴ⬾ͷ­
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ŰɫԲȻһͬ޽ǵĸ仧һ㣬ԲʣɢһȦȦơ
֪ǱЩŨʲôԭ򣬾ͻȻӣ͵һž޿ڣһ˷Ī޺ԭֱ壬ӴƺǶϵԲʲôһ㡣
ಡƿ
һһӰ˲ӽͱȺ˾޿С
޴˿׷ϵġʳϾȥ˼ˡ
Сģ
һŵĳ޿еͬʱдһ͵Ĵһֻ̣һɶӭ
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Ǿ޵ʺ˰ɣǾˣ״
ڴʱһɵɫ֮ͨƮ˳ɫ巽һӹ֮ϱ㷢һ죬漴һõĿ׶ƤһЩ壬̵ͬۡ
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ɫ΢΢һ䣬һתȡǸɫԲͲָһĽעУԲͲΪһźڹס壬ǵĻеУһڝĻսȻ֣ȫ
һ̣ս˫һĸֶһ֮£³ܣȻһս׻С
ɫһɫܣԶһߡ
˾΢΢һɡ
ŲɨΧЩһɫĤճţЩĤ״а֮
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ԣ̾˿
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945 
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ոעģǶ̵ɢĹâ
ƺһԲ͵Ŀ󣬴˵ӦҲһѷμֻǿϧˡת䣬̾˿
͵ס޸ɫϮɫʯж̵϶ѵõıƽʱȻȲĽЩսУȴġ
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Ȼֻ⼸ͼ棬֪ǱŶ١
óȻ֣ضЩֳע⣬гͼϢҲѵġ
ʯƺͭ󣬶̵ҲǽԵ޸еЩɫԽԵƷ޷ʴȻȡҲûйڴͣɨ˼֮󣬼һ߷ǰȥͬʱĬĬ˼š
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946 ȡ
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ϷһҺ壬㱻ʴֻ˱ͻϡ

ͻֱڹ˼£Ҳ顱һѿ㽫ϺɫҺ嵲ûմϡ
ûٴһһɳʮ⡣
ͼֳˣͷ𣬿зһŭĵͳΧۼŵļ̶ֳ˻ţͬŭһ
ͼѿʹļ棬Щ˼
˹ĳ溣ϲδ¶η֮ɫһ䣬ĺӿм䣬һķɳԣţִͷ
һԽ׵һצӴͬʱײ˳溣ʱƬƬֳײ˳ȥ
һ̣ͷҲ׷˳溣֮У˻ҧһʱ佫溣סԽ׳һ
䣡
һϮͼ治֪ʱִӵ˳ɴСһӰһţ㳯ҧ
ȴƺԤϣתԵһȭƿػ˾ͼͷϡ
ǾͼֳƤҲһ󵹷˳ȥڰаڶ˼±㣬ɴȥڲԶסΡ
üһȫźڿն𣬾ȻԶӶݶȥ
𣡡
ͼֳȻʷ˻һŤ׷ȥ
ֳܿҲ󣬳ԶȥƬ֮䣬ﾹȻð
Ƭ̺һģӰϷճ֣Ȼ
ԭߵǸȻĻƽ˹ֳ档
ȺԶȥһۣЦһһ鶦ڵļ̳
ķѾһʧȥЧڻк󷽺ˡ
Ӱһ˼̳ɫԣһȭɫӦ顣
һվʱѾһɫ죬ˮƣȻҲһΡ
飡
̳󷽵ɫҲȭŵĻɢѹ˴۵һɫƵĶ̽
ԵķɽǷΣһϲѡ
սӡ֮һֱʱһʷɽʱʹţϧһֱûԷɽҲܹһ
۶Ƴ̳İɫ˸˼£ɢ
һٴλûһֻɫһץ£㽫̳ŵ鶦˳һץ
ʶһɨִ˶û쳣󣬲źһɢץסС
˶Ȼûз߶Ծɢһɾ˵ԡ
ȻǺö鶦ģ̾һ
ڴ˿̣ԶХ֮һɫݹѸޱȵķɳ۶㵽˹棬ӰһֳɵӰ
ʦܣҲˡĿһɨһЦ
㡭ɴ˿̿ΪңͷɢңϵĻսײٵطҲܿٵĺۼĿе鶦ɫЩࡣ
鱦ѵ֣Ҳˣʱ䲻ˣǸϿ뿪ɡɵĻһ鶦սֽ䡣
˵꣬ѿ֮ɫֱһΣԶ۶ȥ
ɶ񣡡ɿӰʵĵͺһ
ڴʱΧڳٴδһԥҲһתȥ
ȴûиȥ򣬶ǳԼʱ֮·ȥ
ǰһһһԵм۶ɢ¶һɫʿĻƽʿ
ִһƽʿɢ»ΪһŽɵķ
պú󣬿зɿڼһģͼڷ⣬ȫС
һȡĵ˲ʱϵĻսȻû𻵣еѾӽľӿٶȸ·ˡ

ڴʱƽʿķ򣬴һΪϤ˻
üͷһȻͷͼֳ棬Ȼڳ׷
ߣ
һζֻһİӰӣȻļǰжȥ


947 ޿
ȫ߶ݹ⣬ܿ㽫ͼֳԶԶ˦
ʱ·;һۣȴûôˣгڸϢͨļֳ޷һ·Ȼ˿ûз
ʱԶԶĿǰԶڡ
Ŀһɨ֮üͷȴ΢΢һ塣
˿汻Լƻڶڣһļֳ糱ӿ㳯˹ڶסˣ׳棬Ҳļֳ档
գδһ߷һð󣬻ΪһͷɫΧһ衣
ͺһڶңңһȭ
ɫһһڶȻײڴ
飡
ֱײ֮£סڵļֳ޷ֱ֮Ӻ˳ȥڶʱ徻
ಡһ
Ӱһڶڷ˳ȥ
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ֻǸȫĻսвȻ޶࣬ͷŵ满ιҲ޹⣬Χɫʴ֮£ҡҡ׹
Ĺһͨм۶Ҫӿٶȣһƿһһ͵Ļͷȥ
ȴһâǰХâ֮е˺ܿҲǰܿҲͣɡ
˿̵ɫϵĻսЩ𲻿·ѱʴһɶ¶˴ƬƬļɫʴ֮£ϵűʴúĹ̡
ʦܣҪȥҪҺһͬаɣڵ
Ĺ㣬˿̾ʺȫٷлֻһٷɵ֪ǷǴرؿռ䷢ԵʣͨУʱʱϱֳ龰һͼҲʧȥ塣
ЩֳȻٶ࣬Ҳһ֮У˺ĻȻܴʡˡ
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ԣһȴûз֮⡣
ˣ΢΢һЦһӣļǰƿնȥ
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ǰƬĶĿռ䣬Ǿ޵ĿǻˣΧǲͣ䶯ķۺɫڣǰǳʰԲηֲģ½İɭɭ޴ݣÿһʮɳ˲
˿˵ɫ̫ÿϵĻսǿɢ΢ĺڹ⣬ɫĲʴ֮£һʱҪӣɵĻսѲӰ
˴˴ҲѾϡɵĶ壬Ѿȫʴˡ
Ŀһɨϵĺ޼϶˿ûпڵ˼
ҪſڣҲô׵顣˵
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һ֮£ھǰʮɴͣͺһ֮ɫԼͷɫƷ
״üͷһ壬ͬ˫ǰһ죬ϺХУͬ廢ֻɫȻǺɫġ
һ̣˼ͬʱ˹
ְֳͬʱݺײ˾µһƬƬϡ
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ţʩչ廢ҲȻ˺˿ڴһ
䡱һ£
ڿռ͵һҡһΣ޷վȣռƺεת
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ڵĻɫУڰյҶϣĺһһδϻвϵĴһǰתѵɫϡ
ٿпܵ칤ڵӣɫҲǲ԰ޱȡ
룬ԭЧƾжǷ֪ʱѾȻ޴棬˿̴Ϳܼʿֱ֮Уðһ޴ڴ;ϡ
һʼ޵ɫһ̺һƣĵķҪٵö࣬ҶԾжҲȽޡ
絹״İԲɫ֣Ҳٴα˳УֻǹֱЩϡԶһʱǰʵˡ
мľƺҲЩˣ˿ſڵϣǿһɹɫǷһŭߡ
еĽͣɫҲޱȣѷԸԪֹͣ黷Ҳ˻һ漤ŭ˾ޣԴ˿̵Ľο޷ѹƴ޶õġ
ĿǾܽסΪȡܶʱ䡣
ͻȻ޵һ鴤һŵĻȻվ
һĻڳ˶һ
δкζ㿪ʼŲӴϵƶλãȻһٺһţ͵ͷ϶ײȥ
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Ҷ״ɫһ԰ףԴԴϵע֮УȹɫĻȴ״¶˽֮ɫ
칤ڵĿ󷨣ԷƣҲУѽľǿ˳ʱ䡣
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ΨһܸеҵģûзСй£ѱˡ
䡱һ
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ŭʢһڣҪͷٶȳײһ̣ȴͻȻһ˿ʹ֮ɫ޴ͷ­ҡ£ſڷһĵͺ
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âɢȥ¶Ӱɡ
𣿡ϷҶɫһϲɿĿʵ
ţʧĻս΢΢һЦ
һԵɣޱû˵
˴ξȡٴҲԴΪŭ


948 Ӱ
Ҷԣȴһ
ͼ˳ͬһɣЦĳ˵˵ͷ
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޴һţһīɫϢһӿӿĲˣǰɫĻݺһײȥ
һ춯صľ죡
Ļ֮һȦȦīɫĹη𣬽һ𣬹Ļ֮ϺȻһ޶
Ʒ칤ڵӼ״һ亹зãٴӶ
޸ˣȻѾ֣ҵ֮˷Ŵ뿪
ʱҶһµ
칤ڵӵзһͣɫһֶ
ֻͿؿڵɫɲǼ޹⣬ɫĹĻҲ˲ʧӰ٣Ϳйâһ޴һ㾧âɢ
໣
ǰͻȻʧ󣬴⬾˫Ŀһɣֳһһ
֮֮зһȦȦ֮ʱ쳹ʡ
ٶ뿪ԭأҶٴδ
Χ칤ڵԣһͣзȻһ䡣
顱顱֮
аɴСľ޴ܣһâ˸УѸٻΪɫԲ顣
һ̣칤ӽԲһն𣬲׷һԾ˰֮С
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ಡһɽ˶Զ֮ɳһʮɿľ˹
ǶھӴͶԣٲ죬Ĺ֮Ŷݳʮ֮ԶʿȽϣٶȴʵ֮
Ŀʹ޶ݳʮ֮󣬲Żع׷˿½ȥ
غҶһϲɫߵɸһֵ
˷ˣȥ󣬱ڶл
Ҷֲؿ˴˵֮أ޶߶֮ǻʿ鶦ҶȽպðɣ
һһֻ׹ɵСУǰһ˹ȥ
Щ֣
Ҷ˷֮ɫ׼ȥӵɲǼ䣬պȻһϢеһ˲ͼŤѪɫ˿һ֣ǵصĳҶ
Ҷɫͻ䣬˲ȥݹСȻһתţһӲӣƵĻս׶ȻֶȫʵʵͬʱǰڹһֳָһɫСܣ˲䱩֮
һͲŵЦ֮
Ѫɫ˿֮кȻһ֯ȻһתӱԵƹ˺ɫ޶ܣҶȥ
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֪Ѫɫ˿Ϊһ֮±㽫Щиķ飬ָڴСһ顣
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ԭΧһƬѪ֮УȻһȱ
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ʱΧ˿ȴԲ˼ٶȻһš˺Ѳ
һϸ˿аĴһţɫĻս׼Ǻ޵ֿ֮

һҽ֮ɫƬһŷѪӿл׹䣬ɫСΪʧȥ˵ϵ׹¡
Ҷգۼ㱻ɱԪûüӳ
Ѫɫ˿֣Ҷ鼱֮µһϵзӦ䣬ʵǰ󲻹һϢĹ
Щ˿ڻɱҶ֮󣬺ͣٵһһȥ
ʱҲ㷴Ӧˣŭ£е鶦һնأ˲߶Ӱ󷨣ĵӰĸ
ۡۡۡӰһ𣬱㱻Ѫɫ˿ֱӶ𣬵ĵӰȴȻһŤԵĹǶȾ쾧˿һһģ󣬾ͳʮһط
һߣһŭȴһɫҲѪжһȺһֱֻѱѪɫ˿ϣظۣ֮ͬȴһƬѪģ
ˣŶĲ֮Ҳ쾧˿͵Ϯ±סҲȱȫ֫ҲԷɿٶ޸š
Ǻ͵Ϯɱŭ֮Ĵһ
Сʦ壡
乤ڵӴ˿̲ſӦҶһĻ뾪ԪһľҪƿն£ȴһԵĽɫͻȻ
ףʲô壬Ѿ˺ķ飬Ȼ޸
ʱѪɫ˿֮֮һͳƵĴͬʱѪһתһɫӰֶ
˾һݣȧǸ߸ߵӣһѪɫֳۣһɫȣޱĶɣֿһУ׹صĺɫСһץС
ӰˣոճѪҲܷӵ۷壬ɣһŮ
ͬһʱ䣬Ѫһ̲һɫӰƾճ֣ȴһ֦չŮӣʮģͷɫ쳣ĹʶĿü֮һԱʯ峺ɫͫĿŵľ⡣
ǰ˾ǲǰʦֶ˵ޣ
칤ڵԪ꣬һѪӣȴĳ˵칤ڵӣѪӳֵ˲䣬ɫҲʱ԰ޱȡ
ԣһδ˵ʲôȻһдЦ֮ӰЩɲȫӰ壬ҲҪֵһЩô
䣬пһʮɸߵĻ쫷粨ΰϯܵĴ׷ױ𣬲÷顣
Ѫֻüͷһ壬ͶжδţȤĿǰĽͺ֪Щʲô
ɫһХ󣬾ͣѪԣм˺ѰɢһߴӰҲ¶ȴһɣ׳
׳㣬ͨ岼һȦȦɫƣֻ첲¶һ׺֮ɫ
ĿǰϷɿһɨŮ˵мٵΪ޵ϢһƮ֮УԵˣ浤۷ǿϢԴˡ
ĴӰеĸ߽ǿߣҼʹƽҲֵܵһˣǿ˷УŻ룡Ŀһɨ׳ѪӺĿ״ͻȻ˴
һ칤ӣˣһ


949 Ӱ
ΪŵݼӢӣڽ֮ǰȻͨ½һЩһЩ˽⡣
ӰĴ½ٶȺͨһ壬ˣӰ֮˻ɱԣֶμ̣ҲǺ顣
壬ȴǡǡ෴ǿơ
֮Ӱ壬壬жĸ߽塣
ӰŽһ֮㽫Ҷֱ˺ķ飬һشɣҲĴ½ǿ˽һʶʵ֮ǿ֮żľβŮҲѷɫ
һ̣˷׷תݹԶɢӣֻнԾһվԭأѪӼӰն
ܿԣ鶦¸£ͷ׳ĿһɣһԾ𣬳ݹһץ
䡱һ֮һƻɫƾճ֣һ֮һֻʮɴĻɫͷֶ
ɫͷ˫Ŀ֮о˻һ㳯ɫݹɿȥ
ͬʱȴһģ֮£һǹתһɫӭ˻ɫͷ
ɫǹһǾֱӻ֮йᴩ
䡱һ죡
ǹⱬ֮£Ϣ֮յһŤɫͷȻмܵɢ
Ҳãû˸úû½ˡ
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һԿɫһɫǹǰӣӭĻɫͷ
˼Щͽˣ鶦ɱȡѪҲûֹͷ׳ľٶĿһƳĳɫݹ⿴һۣ˵
δ˵һ֮£һѪɫӰļȥһȡֻ䣬Ӱڰɿˡ
һҽнŴ漴Ȼֹ
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ŮӿһЦ󣬿бһ̶ļХ֮λһ׷ӷȥ
Х֮Ȼӳ칤֮УȻһ촫һƬɫĳըѶɫݹ֣ÿһԲ˼ٶȣһ칤ڵڼȥ
ʱҶ֮˷Ĵ
ֳսţĻͷ׳һ칤ӣҪӦ˼壬ڷɳɺҲӰӦս
ͬʱƵȻĻɫͷ׷׶һ飬ͷ׳Ҳ۽ǰˡ
׳һ˫һ֮£ʮ糤ɫצâֶںݺץȥ

׻ɫͷӰǹӣɫצâգۼ䱻˺÷顣
ĿɿһƳԶ뼫ӰпЦһ˫΢һΣ͡ಡһԭʧɫצâʱա
һ̣ͳ˻ͷ׳ǰһӣһǹ˫ȭӭ׳һ˫ë׵Ļơ
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ֻǽһɳ߰ɣſסΣͷ׳վλãȴԭڣɶѡ
ʿƾս±һƣҲΪѵãԽԽ˷ˣУͷ׳Цһɫһ£һ¾޴˱࣬Ϊһߵľ޺
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Ͱ˼޺ǺʱһȦɫһ˫˶ޱȵľȭӹһ䱳ֱ
һͺȣιһΣȻΪӰĽʱʧӰ١
ԭվһԾȭХ˲㽫ЩӰ˺ķ飡
ڽ뻢ͷ׳ѷ֮ʣһսУȴһ׷Ϸ
һѪɫӰһɫݹһǰһڻɫϿռ۶
ѪɫӰ֮Уǿ߼Ӱǰʮɵɫݹ⣬ȻǴ߶޼׾˫ˡ
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Էٶ֮죬ԶԶȻͨʩչӰ󷨣ʱӣ߰˸Ĺ򣬱ٴα׷ˡ
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ʶ֮ǿͿ浤лʶĸӰ֮Ҳ֮ͬʶǿ׷ٵӰڡ
˷һӿһģĻĵɫӰӭȥ
ӰЦһѪɫӰһζ󣬾һһĶĵӰ
˲ݱӰӰսƣںɫӰͣѪâڹ⽻֯ʱһ
˿ȴ亹ֱ˵ӰӰ趯ʵ˫׼ȷҴԷڣƵƵⲫ
ͻȻӰȻһģȵĳָһţֱ֮ϸСѪɫĸֶһֻѪɫһ֮ȥ
ֻһ䣬һأ˳ɵľ룬ұһһץס˲ѪƵֱۡ
ӰһߣĿ׹һҲֱһʱһƬѪţֱ֮Ѫɫ˿
ǧһ֮ʣǿŲڵĳɫۣ串ֵ֮
һֱȻžĹǽڱ֮һ˼ĽǶȴұ֮´һȭֱӻ˼Ӱһͷ֮
֮һƬѪ𣬽һڹһ֮һѪӰ˶ʮסΣǼӰ
ֻͷ֮кɫƣԱǰһȭ֣һȣֱϵѪһ㽫ɫɢӰ١
һߵĺڹɢ¶ɫЩ԰׵
ʱ߰˰˵ĲӰӰȻ׷ɢ
˵һ֣ƶӣȴʯһ㣬Ϣ֮ڣ˸޷塣
ԼѪ˿ƣһ£
ֲ鼱֮˼Ƭֱֻۣ֮Ҫױˡ
ղŹ¶ԷҲ˻˵˵Ӱδϵ˽һȭǽ˳룬ӵĺȻ֡


950 ֮
Щ˼һ壬սʽȻħЩơӰһ֮󣬻ѪһתٴλѪӰ
һߣһƬɫ֮УɫɭȻš
ƾ蹦⣬뻢ͷ׳Ľ֮нռϷ磬˭֪޾ͻȻųһŹֵĻɫ֮С
ʱ¡¡ı֮ϴŨ֮кȻ԰ټƵĻɫâ˷ڼ
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952 ǿԮ
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953 ľ
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ʱһѪҲ˼ӰڣĿлȻѪ⣬ֻצһץɴСѪɫצ

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ӰˣֶΣǲӰһΣٴλѪɫӰһһķֱ׷Ӱ
ѪɫӰһ֯
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955 
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ѪɫҲһͺķ˶ΪһѪĽ׷ᡣ
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Ůɿŵҩ΢ָЩ󣬾ٴδ߶
Уһſžεض
Ӱٻֺ乤򣬾ͻָ˲٣һִ֦ٴν߿ڸǶס
Ѫɫǵķ񹥻ʱ䣬νʱ׷ɱ˼ֵĴ߶֮סӰ
ѪɫȻףȴҲһʱ޷öΡ
˹һٷ󣬼Ӱһ˿֮ɫ
ٹƬ̼乤ԭľǣѪһĻΪΣ䵱һͣԭأһתĿŻɵԲ飬һ׶
顱顱죡
ĿԲһͷųƬҹһɴɫ磬ڣ״ޱȡ
еļӰɿȡѵҩпȥ


956 ľӡ
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ӡͷ­СķͼģƺϹŵ֣һӴӡɢ˳ȥ
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طˣСŮûرʥѾˡ¾ˡ˼ȻһЦһľӡ


957 
ĳͲˡԣһЦĽս
κȻ˫⡣
˼֮ѾᣬҾڴ˷ֿɡ˼΢΢һ񣬿˵
㡣˴Ͻ֮ʱ仹˵лһҲһͬ˵
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˼˵ţȡһöӨ͸׸
ҩԣɫ΢䣬ֽӹ
½ܹӳҩҩķ룬û˻óۡ
ǧĴ̻ᣬҩҲֻǧһεʢϲпܳ֡
۶Ժ־ʿ˵ܶһЩԪӦĶ˼ֽ׵ϣ
֪жǿʿԪľǰһȻȴûʱȥչˣʱܶϸһʮ꣬пܾʹ˽ףӶԪˡ
Ȥˣر֮ӦҲӦΣգǧء˼΢΢һЦ漴һһƿշɶݶȥ
˼Զȥķɫһ漴Ŀ˼Ӱɱʬϡ
ָһһŻ˼Ӱʬϣճ˻ҽ
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ЩɳСģҲзݰСЩģͬɽһ㣬ڲʱϯĿХ󣬱仯λúʹС
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ڳ˭֪ܹ֮ҪսϵƣνĿҲǱ໥ҲӮ࣬Ҳֻǹ˼Ƴ֮ʱ͵Ϯųٳûսġ
ʵǿ߸ˣԷ浤ʿ˿Ӧʣ峡ԣһ룬Ҳһ£ϾĴ½ʿǿһһ£ʮԵġ
ʱҲЩȻԭȻԺĵҪԼˣΪԼʤһˡ
λʦȲҪżڴ£Ҳһ˼ǣûǿΪġһأЩ˫սݣ໥ʧ൱أ¾˫һʱᶼ޷Է߸˴ȥ»ȻԷҪռǵıˣҵΪβ˳ˮۣƾͼƣʿ˰˰֣Դһ˿ص˵
һ϶һ˿ɻ֮ɫĿٴμʿϣȴŽµ˵
Ǻǣ˵ҲɣǡɶһصĽܹض֮һֱǶѣ´ֱ֮ˣԱõ⴫ͷֱӴͶߡʿǺһЦ˵
Ͷߣ˲ˡ
ΪֱǱûκεĹЧԸᱻֻʱϳҪһʱ䡣ҵļƻǣһڱԳȲúؽƣ˴ڱ֮ʱҪʱ䣬ȡڱԵĹнԷڡ֮ͨڱԵͬʱǱżڣΧһЩӦǵԶ봫ͷ󡣽ʱҵһƳ֮ұ㽫⴫ͷ󼤷һʮˣʿͻȻߵĻʣһҲͲΪˡ˴Ӱϻ֮ʱż֮类ҵȺɨһˡʿĿһɨĿڽ͵
ʦֲǺȻԺң˼һĸԣ۾һ޵
һݵ˼Ҳûʲô⣬׷׵ͷʾͬ⡣
Ҳô˼ƻУܾЩףȴ޷׼ȷ˵ʲô⣬Ƭ֮Ҳ˵ͷ
ΣޱȣرǶԷ浤ʿһҵڱԵĳϣǼƻʵʩɹҲ޷żеرˣʱħڵİʿֿ׷ʵ
μӱ֮ˣȷЩΣա˵Է֮ʱѾȷ˵ֻһͶ㲻˼ȻȶֱӰ쵽ķȨ˫ಫԴֻܳŵλǲ֮ˣڷ֮ʱԶȡһЩġڶԷ浤ʿһȻϳһϳ֮ˣҪǿԴﵽһʱЧλԸúңֻҪԷɹ±ǣڷֱ֮ʱԭٶһݡʿĿͣϡ
ڳλʿҲɫһû˵ҲĽĿͶ
˵ֻҪʱѣʵжףڷ֮гֵ浤ʿͨ浤ô򵥣ҪһʱҲһٵʿġ
ˣɫ΢ȴûϿ˵
Ըμӱԣڸң߻ȥһ£ٸҴҲ١ˣ˸λԵʱ䶨֮󡣳֮⣬ʲôڴ˴ʿ˶ûп˵ڲ
ԼĪһĹļʿʾԸԣֻûԸȥսһ浤ʿ
ʱһЩرȶϸڣٶӼ죬ɳһЩڸתһЩǿ߼ʱˡ
˹һʱ˲Ž˴˴λ飬׷뿪ˡ
תۼ䣬֮бʣʿˡ
µԭ򣬲ö˵ﶼס
ѣҲܲµԭɡʿһȫڣҲ̹Ȼ˵
µȻֵ֪˼İɣһ浤ޣͽĳҲӦ԰ɡ˵ȡʤϣ󣬵Ӹһʱ̣ǲġ˵
ãܺãҾ֪ѶӦ£Ż֮ʱʣʵѿ浤ŴսʤҲǿܵġʿԣϲ
Żǰ֮£ʱҲֻЩˡû£Ҳиˡ΢ЦĻص
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ͬһʱ䣬ѩɽǵפء
һ޹ɽ֮У˽š
ӥ֣ôģȻ干ͬƽͨԵķʽĹһ˵
ܵĪ˵ǽ߳ԣҵʵôЩʿҶԷеһ浤ʿҲˣ֪ڶԷҲǿԮ룬ҵûκε⡣һɬЦ˵
ߣ֮ǰҵһڼӰض˵֮ǰ´˴żδȴЩ½ʿָǶ˵һ壬ȴ˰ĺѶˣʮŭģ
Ӱ˼ΪԸ˴Ҳֻƾ鷳ѣҲ߷֮һıܴߵġֳЩ壬Ҳһֱֲ£ʱٱ̵ɬмһ
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ʿڵפһ࣬һƬѩǵƽԭƽԭͷһ߰һСɽ壬Щɽߵаɣȴɸߡ
˴ҲǱѩеһ֣֪ΪΣѩ֮ȴо˿˿⡣
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ʱһݹ⳯ʱڼ۶
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ǿʶʮ֮㷢ִˣ֮ǰһͬڴµһ˴еʿ


962 ӿ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ħУ˶ڡ
˵ʱһ󣬺浤ʿҪƭʿǴ´ģҲ֪λҵʲôȻҵ
ȻԷѾˣȿԷߺ˵
һ̤ʱ㿴һ˶֮⡣
ðǰݷãĪ֡ӭӣ깧ǫһֵ
ѿˣȻѾ⣬һɡɫ糣к
˼򵥵Ŀ׼󣬱ⲽʱ֮С
ʱ֮һżªʯߣԶ
ã¹ޣЩ׵طպһδȶԷ˵˴ǰԭһ˵
֪Щ飬ǵʶˡǸźȻԺһͬؾ֮УʶҲõϢ˴ġҵڴϼӥޣֳ塣겻˼ĳ˵
߽Ĵơ
ӥ壬壿ǿ֪ż֮оǺαһתʵ
Ͳ̫ˡֻ֪Ҳܻһ޺֪һżģ֪ǺȻЩʿ˿أ϶ͨرô򵥡˿û֮⡣
ԭˡִ˷νµģ˵ͷ󻰷һתʵ
ģĳһ·ϳɺȻԺչˣֵõĴСС䲻࣬Ҳ١ܹ֮ü廨ѴԴȡһΪ͵õżǰȥ̽һġԭ´ǰִ˴Σأ½ǿƵƵ֣һ˸Ǵ粽еġ˵Ȼ˵
һĳҲᡣħˣԼӰһ·׷ɱľҲԴпĵͷ
ʵ±ȻԺżͬѰǺƺг綨õ·ߣ¾ͲٿˣԴһͬǰ
ŶĪǵǴͬȥ̽ɣ΢΢һʵ
ĳǴ⡣ԭѡģڼȻˣԵѿ浤ʵȻʲˡ̹Ȼϵ
ȴ׳κ󣬲ٿڵȻǣżѺĳǰδıܶ˷𣿡
Ϊ̫ŸͽպգȻŵùġԸĻǿ໥֮½ƣǩѪģȻ͸ûʲôԵĵˡĿоһתɫص˵
ԭˣֿɻˣûֱӴӦʲôǻһתʵ
֣»ԼħҶͬУƺ£δһǰݷ֡¿Ա֤֮󣬱㲻ԼʿˣϾ̫໰ﵽҲ̫÷ġΪ˱ʾµĳ⣬˴һ֮м¼˵һҪȥ֮أȸֲģߵȥ֮ᣬǷҪҶһͬǰԣҲ൱ˬ죬ͳһֱ׸
Ȼ£ʱԻһ𸴵ġ
ҲһУһת֮С
Ǻǣϣʱֵļɫ֮һսĳͲ־ˡҲʶȤ֮ˣһ򣬵뿪ˡ
ߺֻǴҴɨһм¼ĵַ󣬱㽫
Ҳ˵ħѽ²СԹµҲϾ˼֮жֻܵʱһһˡ
ٴν֮ĽƼרĵѪ
ڶʱ֣ڶϥʱͻȻɫһ˫ۣһУһӶһɶ룬һС
ʶһɨ£ȴʿĴԣԼǰʱ´ϡ
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ʱ´ʱȴһΣ֮ļˣжʮ˵ӡ
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һ޳ƤڵٸԵ÷ۡ
Ůһǳɫȹ䰼͹µչ¶ţͶ䣬ֱֻ֮ʱʱ໥ײһĵ֮
ͨ͸滹һµƣһ֪һɶõı࿴˼ۡ
ȻֻգвٵѸϻĳ˵ˣԼս֮սھһ³սԵѡ˵֮೬ĳԤƣϾֻˣһȨ֮ѡ˼ǿĵѳսϣЩδܳսĵѲҪ֣ϾЩʿʵǿᣬҵҪܳʱ䣬˳½ƱǣͬʱҲԱһЩҪʿ˵
ڳȻ׷׵ͷ
ãȻû飬սȻԺĵҺɳʦܣħڵ׳̫ŵԼ˴ҵ꣬壬Լһɢ޵ѣ졣뼸λʿĿϻɨ󣬿ʼһֵ
һ˽У˷׷ǰʿԵĿյȥ
߹ȥĿ⿴ĴˣкȻԺħڵ֪ǰݷ֮ˣʣµȴһźۣ°꣬ɢޣȻǷƤڵٸ
ŮȻҵӣҲܽϽ棬⵹Ϊֵ顣
浤ޣ֪Ǵ˭սӦԣٸͬ˺󣬵һ䡣
Ӳڳ֪ܲѾһ浤Ըʣһ̫ŵӦԡϾҪŹһʱ䣬ʮΣ֮¡ΪһŴһˣҪŹʱǴ´ġʿŲæ˵
䣬ĿҲৡͶ
ãҲ֮ˣþɽ֮ҲšսȻûġ콫ĿתȤģ
ˣ΢ȻһЦûж˵ʲô
ûʲôǾۻᵽ˽˿뿪μӱԵĵѣٶƬ̡ʿ֮󣬱˵
ԣҲ⣬׷׸뿪
תۼ䣬оֻʣˡ
Ϊ˼ƻ˳УͬʱȷλİȫҪһһ˲Ʒ˷Ǹλ֮ãΣʱֻ轫˺˲Ƴɾ룬Ȼ뿪̨Ȼ䣬мǱһҲηڶˮ塣Ȼĺѩƣһơֻ轫Яڱȶ֮ǰĹעУ䳹׼ɡữһϢԷڣγһƱǡ
˵֮ʿȡһŵɫķԼһ龧Өѩ׵壬ֱ˵С


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ӹ֮󣬱õǰϸĴ
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һעЩУһѱϸС˿ƮȻ֮Ʈš
ͬʱҲ
һͣЩ˿ȴϢķأգۼ
ڳ˴ʱҲ׷飬¶˲֮ɫ
ƴʱעһƣڼһʱڣǸӦۻ״ʿ˽͵
ѹȻ֮ͨҵͷˡµ֮˻סżڣ÷в֮ʱҪСˡ꽫Ʒ֮󣬱ѵ
λѾܷģȻ˺ʵԷ浤ޣҪ޲·󣬻κġλûʣԺúûȥϢһҵȱڴ˼ϣȻһͬǰ֮أʱԻҪȫԸöԷ˿ġʿг˵
ٸһЩԹ֮º󣬱һһְݱˡ
ҲԹԵķʱ
ʱСĶʿһȷԷ֮ŽСĲ֮ڣϥ
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곯ͷһ£ٸҲȻһЦ
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˽Լӵʱ䣬˱ƬѩصıԵ֮һѩɽµһƬտƽϡ
Ϊ˷ֹ˫ñԵĻȥż˵֮ȶ֮󣬾Լڴ˴ԡ˴żǧ֮ңҲƬִ̹ܵƳżĽ뻨һչ뵣ġѾӵϢ˷˼㳲żѲ߿ذˣҵȴǰԤϵһʿ˵Ĵ
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ױһȴǳø߸ݣ֮ɫ˫ĿϬ磬˸һľ⣬Ǹ׼Ƶӥǣһֻڵĸоӥ浤ǿɡ
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ĿȺɨһۣ˵ͷصãܵԣ֮ȷҲûʲô˵ģԿʼԣ
˫һ䣬׳һڵ磬м䣬ɢȥ¶һϴŵ̵ĺӡ
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վڶ䶯˶Ŀ΢΢һ
ӥǶ˵Ȼᣬʶǿַù֮ǽ˵Ľ̸˸˾Ųʮ
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ߣϿͷ䣬һῼǷһ·Цһ˵
ƾ仰ձؽңĿ׹һЦһһзͳɬ
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964 ͨ
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ͷһȻӺϷϺһɫĻ棬ȼ
֮УߵҲ࣬һţһӿԴԴǵصĳŵӼȥ
֮ƺҲΪܲסȵĸ£ЩŤվԶҲеһ֮Ƥյۡ
޶Դȴδһ㣬˫˫ۺȻ˳֮ɫµȻתۼë·ǵԭС
ͷ˿ҲѻΪһͷϵ̵ӳ£ԵøΪֻϲŨܵĺëī档
һ𣬾޴ȭͷϺţһ
һ죡
ȭ˻֮ϣɫâһ֮֯£һɾ޴ޱȵȻ䱬ֻǼƬ̣ȻѶΪĻ档
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״ɫһ䣬һſһƴСĺɫСᦡ
СӭǴ󣬺һС
зɿɫᦺţ϶ȻһɹɹĻ棬ѸΪһŷԲʮɻƣԼл߶档
޼ˣ׹ǰ֮л죬ݣֻͣ˽Ų
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ˣ¶һ˿͵һҧſһڹ˺ɫ޴֮С
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޾ֱֳԭΣȻ׼ȫһˡ
ˣҲɫһĲҵ˫ַһ䣬Ŵɽתɫ֮С
ʱ̹ţƿ˿ӥȥҪ䶴ǧٿס
ɫӥˣһâһ˫ȻһȣͻΪһŻӰ;һģƾʧӰ
һ̣Ϸһ𣬾ӥһƾֶֻצһ̧ĳâһ¡
һŸֻ֮ӥצݺץܵĴɫϣʱݽȥֳһơ
ɫӥ˫һչȻȻ󱬷ӥצϵĺâȻǡ
һ
ɫĻҲ޷֧֣ȻѿΪһɫꡣ
ɫӥ¶ϲ֮ɫ˶ӥצƲץĺ󱳡
һα仯۵糸һ㣬һϢ֮ڣ壬޷Ϭһ
ɫӥ·ѾǸŮ޲³
ڴʱȻһףϾû˿ηɫ
ɫӥһпһ¡
ηӦ˵һ˫צһһö̾޻ϳһϣ˲
ɫӥȻŭֵĿ˫ᣬצϺâƴѡ
ʱһɫԲҲ׼ȷ䲱֮ϣսë֮С
ɫӥһҽкȻ䱻̶ڰУ˫Ĵ裬ʹ
ȻĴһĵɫ˲۹ɫӥ档
һ˿˿ĺʱ˷ϯвʱ
Ƭ֮󣬵ɫɢȥ¶еľ
ɫӥȻȫһɫᣬȻһıǰһ̷ģ
ʿ˴ϲĿҲһ˿졣
ʱŷ˫ۣɫһ԰ף
Ƭ̵ʩķķһƣ޷ٶΪ֮µӥ˱ס
ӥ飡
һȣһֳӥӵӰ
ɫȻһ䣬һ㣬Ȼ
ڴ˿̣׹һһӰǰȻʿ
ӥѣֻǱʱסѣв̫ġʿ˵ϰ׹һƴ
ӥĿһע⵽ɫ棬ɫӥͫ׻΢΢תδʧȥһַһâ˾ӥϡ
ѿɫӥϻɫԲ޷
һˣ˰ɡӥɫѿʿ˵


969 ƾ
쿴ʿһۣ΢΢ͷųӥִ
̹ۡۡһöɫԲת£Ӿӥƾʧһ̳ٸ˫֮ϡ
ţɫӥȻһҺɫ⣬޴ɿСĻΪΣ֮ɫ
ӥҲ黹ɡӥĿһԵɫϼϣ˵
ԣһЦ˫һֻ̧Բһ
顱һ죡
еĴɫϼâţеɫϸ˿׷׳˿뿪֮С
һɫ󣬡ಡಡĻ⣬ӥһе˻
ӥݺݵĵһۣӥʾ£ɻ˱塣
Ҳʿ󣬷ɻȺ֮С
ѹ塣

˷׷׶칰֣д˳޵Ļ
Ȼźҵӣһ֮תƣһʤЩʿһ˿֮⡣
ĻӦ˼󣬾ϥ£ԹԵĻָ
ˣ΢鿴һڷһҲ¼ŵҩ΢ԶЩĴϢ

֪˶ãϥ˫Ŀ
Ԫټֵҩʹڷָ˴룬ĵľҲӯһЩ
ѣˣǸ꿴վⲽ˹һк
΢΢˵ͷ˵ЩʲôȴԶһҵķײ֮עѭȥ
ˡмĿյϿգһһâڼҵײͬʱʱһ¡¡졣
ΧʿУҲϥ⣬ʣµڽŵĹۿϵıȶ
ѣڱȶˣһԵһ䣺
ոΪ˾ָȫͶй֮У˷ֳЩעΧ쳣⣬Գϵıȶδġ
ԼܸоǰԼĪʱӡ
߳ȶѾֻʣѺǸͷıȶˡ꿴һۣ˵
Ŷ֮ǰĽôԣɫһʵ
ֹ̫ۣȶУֻѺħڵҶʤĵҲǺѿ볡ϻȥʿ̾˿˵
û˵ʲôĿһתٴ˰յĶϡ
֮УʿгһЩ£бһİɫĿ⣬ĺ׳󺺲ݡ
׳󺺴˿Ȼְͷ­ΪһֻףҲŨܵĺɫӲëһԺ趯䣬ۻҵĺɫӰ
Щǣ׳󺺲ޱȣٶȾȻҲֻƾһƱʿİɫӲѣÿһײװ졣
׳ȻѸͣʿİɫҲǱ仯˺׳󺺵й˿Ҳ·ģ
תкڹʿ֮ȻһСķξӣ⻬ˮ׹滭Ż޵ͼԵڡ
Ȼ⾵૵˵
Ҳϵô˱Ϊ̫ŵӣȻʶ㣡ʿһһۡ
ǺǣжŰˡÿɷ˵
˵Ҳг˵ȻԺ˵˱ľ⣬ܹƾһħʿȻѸ߳һҷѵʤҪһЩٺһЦ˵
Ĵ̫֮УԺȻԺĹΪûʣųͳ๦ħкܴĿãǺ⾵áûнĻǿЩ˵
ʿһЩֵĿһۡ
ʱȻɫ糣
˵ЩʲôʱȴȻ촽΢Ĵˣѣ֮ǰ˵һżҿһĵͼлЩҪһ
Ըһͬȥ̽ˣʲôʣֻҪ֪ض֪޲ԡԴϲͬ˻ȥ
΢΢һЦʿ̸˼䣬ͬʱһħٴĹģָһϵס󣬺ȻŲһת˲ԶħҶӡ
¸ո˵ǿУһʤʵǿϲɺأҶǰվ¶ЩЦ⣬΢΢ֵ
ѹˣҶӴӰջĿ⣬һ˿ɻ;֮⡣
Ͼħںλ̫ŵӼ䣬̸ʲôദġ
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ʿ˿ǰһϣ·֮£Ĵָϸİ׹Ľɳȴȫǰİɫ֮С
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ĺ׳Ƭ̹Уۼ˾ɫ΢΢һ䣬ɫ⾵ϵķҲеһ˿ļ¡
ͺһзһͣһɫͼƳϣһ
δӦʿѾȷ˹ſһڡ֡
ǰ⾵һͬʱһɫ⣬ںϳһֵľ޴ź׳󺺵ͷȥ
ȥ
׳󺺵ͺһǰϺڹţһ£ðƬת˲仯Ϊһֻи¥СӰ
ոճͣɫȻ档
ɫһҽУ׹䵽ĵطѸٻΪһ̵ɢ·ֱڻһ󶴡
ɫ޴طĺ׷׻˹գۼס˰ɫϮ
׳󺺼ɫ΢΢һɣſһžѪûС
иֵӰʱ˫ϼһѪ⣬ڰһΣΪĴָϸСߣһʿ
ʿɫһ䣬һɫ⾵ϷֻһɫӭѪɫСߡ
顱顱ͬʱ
ѪɫС߻ûдɫƾձ˿ΪѪѸںʿС
׳󺺼ˣϸֳһ˿ݶЦݡ
Ѫͨȴɼ˶޵ľѪƶɵģ㲻ܶɱǰˣӦҲʱסһЩʱ䡣
һ̣׳ԴԴϵĽע뵽УеĺɫӰȻǴ󣬲һ޺𣬾Ҫٴη
žڴʱѪ֮ȴһߣƿİâȻתۼ佫Ѫǧٿףٴ¶ʿӰ
ܣ
׳󺺿ǰһĻʧͺ


970 ̥
·սȺУĿһ
ʿȴԴ˺ᣬһһɫ⾵İɫȻըѿΪȥ
ಡಡƿ
ɫ˲䱻ɫû䴩׶һУȻɢ
׳󺺼ˣɫһͺһϺɫȻʢֹֻ֣ϷɿĶŨޱȵĺɫë
ԶԶȥͬһ˶ĺɫëڰա
ɫ棬ֳһŰɫߣͬʱһŽȴ޷ֺ
ɢ
ʿˣĿһзһͺȣзһӡ
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׳ֻǰһƬããʱɫһ䣬Ҳ뼱æһ䣬һ߾˫ֽȥӡ
θնͷ׹һɫ⾵·˲һ㣬Ȼ˺׳󺺵ͷͬʱһһİɫȦֶ£׳档
׳ɫ䣬ķ徹Ȼ޷ƶֺΧշ·һ㡣
һĵƺڹţɲǼһɫ֡
ʿĿʱעź׳󺺵ľٶдʣֲϻ裬˸ָӵӡһſڣžѪͬʱһָֻһ㡣
ۡۡ󣬾ѪȻһֵĻţһŵ˰ɫ⾵֮ϡ
һкʿɫһӱò԰ޱȣ˿ѪɫҲˡ
⾵ڽ˾Ѫӳֺ󣬾ϼţ׷һɫ滨˺׳󺺵ĻȦ֮ϣתۼ仯ΪһƬɫ𺣣״ûУȼ
ʱսʿֻܿӴУҲ޷۲쵽ηֺˣʱд¡¡ľƴ֡
ʿһΣֻα˰ɫ⾵Ͽա
һĵ֣ȴûʹ¶˿ϲ֮ɫɫЩϥϷɳһϸϸİ׹⣬·İɫ⾵ϵ
·ɫֶʱʼ
ӥǰͷ治°ɣһĴ󺺿ǰĻ¶˵ĵɫĶӥ˵
ΣգǲʲôԼֱӳȥȳͷˡһӣԾԾԵ˵
ٺ٣ǵĸʲôʿȻЩͨʩչһֶοǴķЩɫ󣬲ǿƵķ֧ŵסͿ˭ķȺľˡʵڲУٳҲ١ӥӵЦ˼˿ĵģ
ԣһۣҲʹӦһȥ
ԶʿߣҲϲǲΰ롣
һʼʿסʱʵ˷һ󣬵ݱ˫ƴľ棬ȻִΪ
ϢƵȺ󷽣Ŀ˸Űеʿ֪Щʲô
ʱһȥʿЩͷ
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·İ⾵ɢİɫȦҲ࣬İɫԾȼա
ڴ˿̣һӹȦд
ʿɫһ䡣
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ɫȦ˲ǧٿףȻɢȥ
һɫݹеʮ⣬ڹһ¶˺׳󺺵Ӱ
˿ѾָΣýűյĺۼϢҲɢңסĴڴϢţ֮ɫ˿
״һ֣ڹһƳǰâ쳣ͼȻʧ
׳ɫʱıȻˣû¼Ҳ֪Ҫòָܻˡ
ˡ
׳󺺼һһٵĴݷ⼸̧֣׳ʿȥ׹һ¿ӿ˳
һߣʿҲ˶٣ͬɫ԰ףĿ׹һɫ⾵һתĻΪ⾵лС
֣αȶ͵ΪֹɣλΪ浤ʿټȥһʱҲֲʤһ͵ƽְɡӰһӥӳ˺׳ԣֹ
Ȼԡ
ʿĿһովֱ۷
׳󺺿Щģӥ촽΢䴫˵˼󣬺׳ɫ΢䣬һϵŻɢ
Ǻã߳ԣ˾ȫˣӥӻһȦ˵
֮УӰζˣʿɳۿ˹Զ˴˶
һԣ˫أһʱΧձЩţֻҪз紵ݶʱһս
֣ɣˣȴɫһ΢΢սʲô󣬺ȻĿʿеʵ
޷ȥȷûбҪˡʿ⾵漴ȡһöĴָСĵҩһ̷ȥҡҡͷ˵
Ŀһ˵ͷ˺һ
ʱӥӸɿһЩƵգǰһ֮ǰԼ˫ƽżڵĽƣȻձȶеıڽѾʤһƽżеıȡеķݰ룬λӦûɣ
ȻȻѾԼãǵȻʿһ˵
ǾͺãӥһЦ
²˳٣ǰż֮ɣ䡣ʿһЦ˵
ѣһʱɣڴĽһʱҲ޷ƽ⣬ϢҲ١ӥüͷ΢΢һ壬˵
Ӹһʱ̣˭֪ʲô⡣ǰ˫ûˣֺαٶൢʱġ޵˵һӣзɳһɫɳһķ档
ʿҲ׷׷ɽ˷ɳһɳһݹ⣬ż֮ɳ۶ȥ
ʿˣʱһɧ׷Ҳ̶
ҪЩȻôţȹȥˣڸԼһ˻ָЩٶٺ٣żڵĽ쳣ܶʱƵġӥ˵Զȥɫݹ⣬ĿԴһ˿ɻ

ûжú·ɽһεĶУӰһ֣ӥӡ
ʿѾһȥǽأΪλҵȴ󶯸ɸĵһˣл˵ҲһЩıԹ
ȶҲҵȵɱˣ˴ĵһգұﲼ˶̾Ĵ󡣡ӥӲ˵


971 ƽ
˷ȻЩ飬ʤһƽ֣ҵյļƻȥԶѲҪݰıﲻɣǲ֮ɫ˵
ҲǴϣû뵽弸ٵʿоȻ˵Ӳ֣رҶսǸСӣ˵ңܴѣ˵ˣԷô˶սҷˣ»ܶʤһˡӥ¶Щ˵
ӥ˵⻰ʲô˼ôʿԼ磡ԣ͵һ£ǰһʯĵķ飬Ȼŭ
԰꣬ʵӦ֮ߣ⼸ս׵ʿһúıһ£ӦǡϾɽ˵رЩʿУӥһתЦ˵
ŶҾ֪ӥֱơʱתŭΪϲ˵
ɡʱǾ㡭ӥӴսߣϸ˵š
ãããѹӥ˵Ҫһˣԭߣôɣ̱㽫·ԸȥһζҪЩȥ޻أȻҲضϢʲôϴ͹ȥɡǰ˵ҲֻȨ֮ʰˡüͷȴչƴЦһ˵áֺ󣬾Ц뿪ˡ

һƿնеľɫɳ֮У˷ǵûΪֻȡʤɥһ˷֮ɫ໥䲻ʱ̸š
ʵȥԸԷһʿǾܻʤЩ֮ƽɫˣЦһ
ѣǰҵǿⰲʵǿʿսԷʿӮĳҲпܵİɡʱҲֶԷ᲻ᵱڶԷ浤ʿ±֮£Ҳ˳ʵʩġٸЦ˵
ΪŻһˣʵĿãҪʤһ浤ǿߣǲ̫ܵġһȻԺ꣬̾˿˵
Щ˵ţֻĬĬһ䣬ԹԵİĴ
ʱһɫݹԶأڸ𿱲ĺȻԺü߻Sˡ
˴˿ҲѾ뿪ˣֻǲûֱӸżԭפϢüʿ
Ǵ˷ȡʤ֮ҲưոݡҪˣʲôڶΪʱˡһεļƻν൱ĳɹż֮ĴͷѾ׵Ҳ˱ǣֻƳƵǽ󼤷ɽһߡмǣʱһսپʿһ򾡡ʿһ˻˻Σ߿ǳͬʱ΢Ц˵
˷׷׵ͷͬ⡣
Ͼ浤Ϊ׵Ȼǲڻ£żебȻҲ֮ˡ
һٷһ˱㰴Լż֮
ϵǣǵִ֮ʱȴȺʿѵż֮
ôܵǰ桭ˣȲ˴ͷ󡣡ʿһһϷӦĴ
ģôڵٶȣǻΪݰıﶼһˣΪ׵ĺ׳Ʋһʿ
һȺҲһ䳰ȷ
ǡһ۵ԣһŭ֮ɫֱ΢Ҫ֡
ʿæһᣬֽ£ɫĵĿɨһΧ󣬱㴽΢ĳ˴Ըδ֣λмһҪͣһͬƿƣͷ󼤷֮ٽһ򾡡
ţֵĳ˵ܵ˵Цˣݰıȷʵ࣬ҵҲİɡ
ڶ̸֮ʱޱķųʶɨһޣĿ΢΢
ȻҲˣϻ˵ɣһͬƳڶᱦɡԵӥǰһһ˸˵
ãҹζࡣʿ˵ͷ
ŽĿżڴʮɸߵɫʯϡ
ֻʮɫɫʯ֮䣬һ㵭ɫĻޣʱʱ֣ˮһƽޱȡ
ˣüͷ΢΢һ
ʯмĹĻɢϢ͵ʱ˼µľмơ
ʯ󷽣һɼ״סɽΡȻеıȻˡ
˴Ľƿûʲô⡣ʿ󣬺ٸЩɻ˵
Բ죬˴һΪľԽƣҵڳ֮˸ûһӵƽֻ֮ͨƳ˫ûʱҲ޷Ƶġʿ˵Ļص
ţˡ
ԣüһƼһĳɫĻǰ˫һֻɫֶǰ̹š
ֻٸдʣֻɫԲǰתӭ籩ɴС
ۡۡһƴСɫĴԲϷɳһ֮£Ϥû뵽ɫĻС
˹ĻһзĵֻܲͣĹעֱﵽ۷壬ſɽƻˣȴЦһ˵
ٸȴδţֻԹԵʩ߶Բųɫ
Ƭ̺ɫĻһ͸һϸѷڹĻĸ֡
ˣһϲһԲ⻪ʢųɫĸ飬ɫĻϸֵϸѷҲ֡
ѵ˫һܶõ챦ƺܿһЩʿ״¶ϲ֮ɫ˵
һߵ浤޼ˣҲһۣΪ
ʱֻɫԲȻͳʼ΢΢
ף
ٸüͷһ壬ɫ
һԭֱ۴ϸɫѷ죬ѸٵıϸͬɫĻ֮ðĵ⣬һαɴ
ɫĻٶȻָˮƽ
顱
ֻԲܿưĵڵϡ
ٸɫ䣬æһУֻԲֻûֻķɻֱϣ΢һ󣬲Ŵһ
һԵļʿ״Ц֮ɫ
״Ŀоһ˽ȷʵǰĽƴͬпֽ֣ǽ̫еƽǿԹһԡ
ͷһתţ
ȻҲûа취Ƴ˽ƣҵֻܰķǿƳ˽ˡʿԴʧĸ̾һ󣬱
ȻԺĵȶ֣˫һ̧һɫĳ
֮¾Ȼһɫ飬һһչ󣬵ɫĹĿӿĳĻնȥ
Ҳֱһһһɫɳųžžɫâȥ
ʿҲ׷׼Ļȥ
ˣҲڱ֮ҲְɣҲ˵
ԣȻӦһļ˸ʽֶΣɫĻ񹥶ȥ
һʱ䣬żڴﲻɫϼ
ʿ浤ǿȴδֻ֣䱸Է


972 ʵ
˲ͣʩżɽУ¡¡֮ϴ
κɫʯľ޴Ļ޷̫˺ӣɫĹϼӿȴţ뺣ȥ޻ء
һʱ޴ɫĻȣֻǴ΢΢Ĺ˼֣֮⣬κα仯ˡ
Σߵʿһ
λ֣Ǵڴϼ켸ҹ𣿡ʿȻ˵˵
ģ㲻ҲûôΪȻһ
ӥ俴ʿһֿۣ˿ԶƽΣһ˿֮ɫ
ҵȱ˴˻вٽģ˴ʩ֮ȥ»֮ˡҿ˫Ƿ½䱸ȺƳ˵ʿһ֮ҲǷӦһΣɫĻǰİУָһţ׹ɵ⾵ģһɫָ⴦
аɫڰһ׳İ׹⾧
ۡһûɫĻĳ
ɫĻһ΢΢˼֣˿û֮ơ
ӥӶһ֮ٵ̸Ҳ׷ڿնĳ˹Ļǰɴӿ
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󣬹һֻӰһ񺿣һ´ӿ³ų
ÿһֻͷ­Сڰ;Уȴһӭǣתۼ仯Ϊ˷ݰ޴ֱɫĻȥ
ųɫһӴɫĻһҵĲϮƬĻȻҡһüƬɫĻ˶Ӱ֡
ɳɳ֮ϡ
һƬƬɫҶӹ֦ͷϷɾһ⣬ųɫգۼиķ飬˵ĹҲյУ˴롣
һߴ߶пֽʩչһ߼Ӱһ˿ɻ
չֳĪǺӰеöӡǣʲôϵ
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973 
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ˣȴһĺ˼֣ȺԵ
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ʱӥǰȻͬɫëһĵͷ­ҲѾӥģĻɫҲһֻӥ״
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䣬һѪɫо顱һ飬һѪɫС߰ڡ


974 ѪӰ
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ʿˣһƮɢ¶ŽɫȴɫĽá
һ̣ŴĿⶸȻ춯صŽһһ֮䣬ʿûС
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дʣĿԲԭصתͬʱҹһ۳һɫķ磬δɢȥĽͬŨһ档


975 Ѫ޳
Ϣ󣬻ɫ֮У⽥ɢȥֻʣһŻɢλм䡣
벻ѪһҲۣ̫ŵСӣȺΪֵһ֮дһϵƺûбö׷ˡ
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ڵϷˣҸںȻԺڵʱСѾʲô˰ɣȻһֱɫҷɴʱͻɱ֡ٺ٣㵹ǺƣҶȥˡηҸģѪɫɻ˵
ҪԼùˣ֪ѪԴħ½ħ˵ħɣǾĽʲûиı䡣ȻʲôѪ棬ȻħϵϢħͬͬԴܲɣһԸ֪ħϢıôҲáĿһ˵
һѩɽ֮мʿʱħӦħϢʱħڵҲڳΪǴϴʲô̺ħ֮
֮ŲЩԾٹĺʿħҶӻ˷ֱһһӴ󣬲׹ԼħӦԴͷȻλȻԺġʿ
ǣ֮ʱһֱʿΪ쳣ģҲһֱʵѪʱֱװ֧أʵ϶ѪȻסȫǰľѪ඼Ƕ֮ʧ̫ܱ࣬½ս


976 Ԫ
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981 
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·ΧŽ͵˵ʮھˣв֪ʱһ˸ꪣǰһ٣ͳһƬƬɫˮ⣬ѸڰһƬγһ޴ɫ֣ˮת䣬͵Ϥ档
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982 
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983 
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֪ѿöˮ̶ıĻ־ڱصãʶȤĻͱҡ˵̧ɫâһɽ鸡ֶһɳصѹʱ˷ϯ
һ˫ĿЩηĿǰɽһۣܿѹη壬ο˵صıĻضıܹ׷
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ſ죬һŨɫţǵصϯȥ
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ҡҡͷһεķˮ̶֮ϣСժˮϵıĻֽС
Ƭ֮һɫƿնԶ۶ȥ

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˼ͣΣĿڵϷĹһۣһϵĻɫʯƬ֮ɫһһ̾Ϣ
ķϣվĹա
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һİ׵ĵ¶ѨڣʱԶġδˮⶴѨһ˿ɫʡ
˴Χȫһͨڵʯͷ˸Źĺڹ⣬ʱð˿˿ƵĻǺȻǼΪħ
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ֻǴ˿ɢϢѵ䵽浤ڵӡ
ͷ­пϼ䣬Χľħ֮˫Ŀ
ҵһħʯѨľħָܻһԪˡҪָʵҪľпܣѰֻˡħͷ­˵
½̫ţߣ˱Ȼֻħͷ­޺޵˵һЩʵı˫ĿʼΧħˡ

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ǰ˴ԼһӣǰȻһɽܹΪݵĺۼ
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ߣɣηѰ˷ͷĳҲǣĦĿһ૵
ԴӽϽ棬һֱѣǿв˵ûѰ
ǰãʱתеõһö˷һ֮أҸŶӣѰرż
һΣɽ֮Уǰʮɣһ˸ľ޴ʯųǰ
ǰ龰иֳһ˿ϲɫ
ֻ֮Ǽλãû˵ǺΣ⴦żͬСɵӡ
˿ֵļһɫСܣһ󣬶зһ㵭ҹ⻤סȫ
һУһһʯš
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ʯ̨ƽһΰ񣬿ƺһײģյĳƣ
ڹײǰվһɫѵĹװŮ
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988 
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ѾõرȻʹ޻ʬȥһɫ壬ŵ֮⼲۶ȥ

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һʱ䣬ݹݺᣬɫâ֯衣
ƴһĸˣһɫۣȻǱӡ
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սŲԶһƬʯУһһ˶ߣ˸ŵʯͷ·ǳ˸ޱȡ
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һڳ˶һ
˵Ͻûжã˴ӣӴȫޡ
Ȼʵǿڽ̫źҲһֱŴ漣ʱƣ澳еĲпԼͬĲ䣬һ򿴺ӣǰһҲΪ˷ĳ
ʦ֣ʦ㣬òˡһЦȭһȦ
ʦܣ벻㾹Ȼţ˵㾿ȥ˺δӴ̤ߵǰصһļ򣬹һЦ˵
ŷãշƴ˿Ҳ׷˹иֳϲɫֻǿĿҲǳ˺档
̫ŵվһԣ´ûп˵ʲô
˵պͽʦһΪ칤ڶᱦ֮㱻ͻȻֵʿ׷ɱ֮󵢸ʱ̫һֱҲλֻöһĴεˡĹԼļˣлЩģ¼򵥵Ľľ˵һ£ЩطȻȥˡ
ãܻŻͺã󣬲̾һ˵
ڳԣоǸпѡ
ϽǾ̫ҲĿ˲ʿգۼ֮ء
ʦֻ֣ЩͬŻѵ˶ѾĿ⻷һȦüͷһ˵


991 ̫
Ӧˣ봫򿪻Сյʱ䣬ǻܸ򡭡һ֣˵
ǽʦôڣѵҲɫһ䣬Ȼ˵
⵹ǣʦһжгЩʣѱ˵صĽ֮ǿƴ˳ȥ΢΢ҡͷ͵֮һľ֮£˵һ顣
һЩȻ
ʱֺŷ̸˼䡣
˵ҲЩŷñԼŵķ֮£һУԼŮʱ䣬ܹҲѡ
Ůȴδ˿⣬֮¶һЩĵǣҲЩж
շҲ˼󣬱ߵһԣԹԵϥĵȺ
ڻ·ϣһС鷳˲ʱ䣬Ϊ˲͵ʱ䣬֮ȫ·Ϊأ˿ץʱָһ¡
ʱһȥվûٴγ֡
һʱ˽磬̫´֮Уϥһɫʯϣ˫ü֮ɫ
꣬˵ѾͳҲȡŻһȥ˶ʢïµЩӦûԼһԵ컯ҵȵ˲ҡһʯϣһݺͰ˫Ŀ΢˵
ϣ˰ɣ
ԣλߵ˵ͷ
뵱Ҷ˴澳֮нӳ죬ҲˣȻͻ󾳣֮;ҲֹֻڴˣһɫŨüߺȻ̾һ
ʦܣ֮¾ͲҪˡǽʱҲѲһˣŽ֮ҵȲЩʩͨЩأ֮ʡݺͰߣ˵
Ҳãʣ²㼸ʱõҲӦõˡ꣬ҵͶְɡɫŨüɫһ˵
ճһ˵ͷ˫ַʼɬ
ۡϥµĸʯȻţϼһ˵ϵķ֮С
ϵľ֮ͬǰ֮ͨʱһ㣬һͳ֮ĸɫʯ֮ϵĽзĸֶ
ûãɫʯϵɫȻıѪ֮ɫʯǼ䱻֮һƬš
ʱзٴһ䣬ͬʱһԾ֮Уʯ´һ⡣
ĸʯͣĲ֮£ʯϵĺɫâˮһ㣬ע˵ϵķ֮С
Ƭ֮һɫȪӷðȴȪˮһƬƬˮ
ͷѾͨڳ֮ӦþܸӦˡŵϵġɫȪۡ˵

ͬʱɳԵ˫Ŀյϥ
ϱҪ뿪֮أŽЩͲϽţЩԼ¡
ʮöɽëҩԼЩͻ浤ĸҩģǾϽŵģ֮ǰŵĶµĹϽ֮ķãԼҪ⼸رһصҩܻ
˼֮ʣƬɳ֮кĴһҲ֮
ͻȻһĴ
ţһľҲǰĵ·ҪƬնҪһ㡣
Ȱ˼Σ׷ɫһվ
һĿɫȻֶȻɢһƬʮɵŨܺɫ֮Уһ޴Ĵͷ󻺻ƾˡ
λǰ˴ҵͳɡӼˣһ˵
ʦ֣ʦ䲻ǾͲ𣿡һͷӺȻʵ
֮ǰұ㶯ﴫͼϵʦܣѶʹ˸ӦиӦҲ˿޷Ӧʦܵ١ǲϣʦѾڷ֮ˡ㻹ţӦҲڰ֮⣬ٶȸҲˡ̾һ˵
ʱ
˵䣬еķȻʵΧҲСɴСнͣɢһº͵ѹ
λҪά⴫ͨҪѲٵķԴҲֻܳĹȽȥɣٵһ¡ӻعͷ˷Ը
һ̫ŵԣǰķ֮Уֻһ£˱ʧȥӰ
ţշƣŷٻãɣҲ׷̤˷УͶߡ
뷨кֻǰһ죬Ȼһ㱻һƬûһʧԭء
˫ĿһʱѾվһǰ뿪ĵطҲ´֮С
ŷɵˣҡҡ׹׹վһߣƺ͵ѣС
ܻվ˵ȼ󾳳ϡ
ôֻǼӶûܻһѵģ̹еʵ
ţʦֻڷ澳мأ˵ҪȵȿǷʦֵܹæһֵĻش
ԣҡҡͷ˫ַķ֮ȪٴӿͣһƬš
ԼĪһֵĺɫ̫Ͽ֮һ¡
䡱һ죬ɫֱӴ͸̫˺ɫȪ֮ϣһĿ۴Ӱһ֣ӡ
λ̫ϳзһͣˢˢĸɫʯ
һ
ĸʯ˲ָԭȵģķ֮ɫȪҲȻɢ
Ӱݼżλϡ
΢΢ҡҡͷѹһȭ
ֻһ˻ô˵ĶˡԴʧ˵
ţġ˷ĳӲʧ˶ĵӡԴε˵
ѾǵĴ˵ˣ˷ȻҲܻͺˡͰߴʯһԾ£ӵļ΢΢һЦ
ʱŷɵˣҲ̵ת׷׻ֵ̿ĳԼλϼ
ˣȻǶˣһǴ˷ջɡӣɡɤӣ˵
˵˷ô˳֮ܳˣȻЯٵıߴ˿Щ԰׵ϣҲ¶Щ֮ɫ
ǣš˵ţ̤ߵ˴룬һŴƮȻ
ָһţ㣬һɫϼָ˲
ۡӦѶ
һɳһѴСһݺͿʯʱɢһأֻУװͷġ
۵ģڿʯһֻŵɫȸˡ


992 Ͻ
ֻȸȭͷСӦǲŷãЩ¶ȴѾɢҺڵѹëī뵭ɫţͷȴһʰ쵵ȸڣԵ쳣Ư
Ǵ˵еȸɣＴĴ½ҲǼΪϡ֮ɫŨüۺ룬ͷ˵Ǽ֮ɫ
ԣҲɫһ
˵δȸݵĴȷʵжŵģ˵Ҫιȴ£ֹͨڻڣһͻ浤磬޵ʵɿʿ
ӣȸԸϽţôʣЩʲôһ롣֪вƷɽĲϰɡɫŨüĿתĶſȸͬʱ
лܳϣĳͲˡӵһУһںݼһЩɫĿʯУҲһ֮ɫ
ܺã˷ҲˣȻԼȥϢɡۼѾ˾˳˵ͷ˵
ӳ˼λֹһֺ󣬱뿪ĵ´
λɫŨüĳϣһһϼϯϵȸԼϣʧԭء
ֵɽϽɣǰһһһƬɫһСɽߴĲĶѻһأмƬƬ쳣ҫۣǴӵվá
֮һľۣɢϢѪƺʮֵĴ˿͵ձȽ⿪ӡ뿪棬Ҳ̫һ۵ĺճһϲ˵
бݣ껨ǣǷݣعǲˡݺͰ˵Դ־ϲ
ţȷʵֻЩϲû̫ġɣҪЩʲôȥȡ֮һɡɫŨüޱ˵
ûʲôҪģЩȫϽɡɿûЩһۣȻȻ˵
һڳ˽΢΢һΪڷãͨĲҲ粻ɶõģƽ޹ʷЩҲ治֪ɴ˿Щʲô
ҲУ֮һὫ֮һĲܶһĹ׵к㣬Щ׵㣬㿴ΣҲûֹֻ΢΢ͷĶ˵
лţҲЩˣȸˡɳԼλһȭ󣬱תͷҲص뿪ˡ
˼״Щɻ󣬵δ˵Щʲô
ţ꼰һҲȺǰչʾջ
˽ǸóȼŴѣдҲЩҩʯȻв½Ҳ֮ʲôرĿĴڡ
˵Ҳ֮Դ񣬲ΪʵȺΪ֮ǰ˺󣬱һֱӵ󣬲δжõĲֻЩҲ
ҲΪǰ˵̫Ÿ߲ƽʱ֮ҪԶԶһؾֹˡ
ȻЩʧ˼ֻȡеһЩϣ㽫˴ˡ
ˡͻȻŤ׳һЦ
һڳڵˣĿת
˹˹ֺ󣬱ǰ㽫еĴó֮ʱͻȻһɫѶһɶ
˰ڰ֣ʾס֣һѽץУ΢鿴󣬾촽΢λϴ˼䡣
Ƭ̺ݺͰߣһڴ˵ŷϼȻԶǾͲҪ赲һɡ
ǡ
⴫һŵӵĴӦ
һɫһ˵´֮Уһ󣬾ͻΪһߴӰ
岮ŷٻŷټ״æǰһ
ŷ˼λϣð˵´λ˵һۼʮģӣŷٻŮ΢΢˵ͷ󣬱תڳһ
ѿˣϷģðһ˵ŷ˲űѲǧ꣬ܳɹ󾳣ʵɽ粻ɶõŵˣϷѾˣͣڣʵǲˡݺͰߣЦ˵
˵˷Ͻ֮ΪӲ٣мλҲΪٻٶѾͷ̫ŵȺˡŷ΢΢һЦ˵
ŷϢ֮ͨɱȼ籱ˡ˷ȷʵһЩ鷳֮£λȴǺˣҲ赹ˡԼ˶żõıһ롣ɫŨüǳ鶯һ£ÿɷ˵
ȻٻǻѶóüλǰһۣŷͷ󣬺ԥĳŮԸһ
ǡ
ŷԣ˫˫ǰһ㽫ڷ֮ãһԶһء
˵õЩҩԼֻв࣬ǼҲһݡ
ǰɫŨüߣȴĿתĶһһųΪŹֵɫ䣬Ͱߴ΢Ĵ
ˣ¶һ˿ɻ֮ɫֲǶ黨˼ۡ
һ̵ͨĻ䣬䳤ȴƬ꣬о֮һźɫŨ֭͸˿˲һֻһ䣬ëĴ
Ҳ֪˻кֹЧȻ󾳳Ķ
ŷƺҲеĶߣûпҪ´˻˼ѡԼĪһĶУ߸һϲ
λѣȻѾЩԴĹ±㲻ˡŷǰһĻûж˵ʲôŮѡϺ󣬱˹ָǵ
˷̫λչˣҲˣŷٻŮҲڳ֮һ
ˡԶˡɫŨüЦŻص
԰գŷö˱ŷ磬ȥٳʱŷٻ׳ԹĿһۡ
ɣϣջʧĿŷߺ󣬺ϳ΢Ц˵
Ӧһ̽봢һȡ˵ϣмʮ֮࣬ڳ󾳳ϺδȥշƵ˶һ
˵ʵԶʤͬʿһóһصĴҲʵЩˡ
˾֮ʱѾĳϵЩһ£ֻһһɱ֮ΪŨʱкת˲Ŀҩʯ´
䶦ʮŻɵɽ飬ԼƵȻǷĿ
Сʮ㣬ӦñͿ鶦ɣʮԲ飬ƺԴĽϢƣֻ̥ѡ
ףٵɣţ
ĪǴ˵ֻоڤе
˴һɰʯ
һ⼸˽̲סѿڶķ׷۵
ɫŨüϸ˫۷첽ǰ鶦ϸĴ
ݺͰҲ̲סǰСʰһǰϸĴϲ֮ɫԱ
뺫Ͼ֮ɫһ漴һ֮ɫһһ


993 ּۻ
Ƭ֮ݺͰȿˣû뵽㾹Ȼȡ˶ջ񣬰ڵĹ涨Щ֮һ⣬Ϊ˴󹦣Զѡ
һϲϾʲôϵϲɫ˲仯ѿ֮ɫ
ЩϼһȻ˵ûô򵥵ġ
ȻɫŨüԣ̧ͷӿ˵Ϸ򿴣鶦ԪϽŰɡֵֶٵڣЩҩвٶ浤аԶһЩ㿴Σ
ԣвһЦ鶦ûָ£ԪԼǷѾĻһŵõģֱӷЧޣҺʱ࣬ʱڷ֮ͽ䵱̷ˡ
ʮöԲȻֻ̥ƺΪһƺѾǿмˣֻһƷΪףҲϽšԹ㵹ΪʣɡݺͰ߸Ūһֶۣ˵
뺫ź󣬲û˵ʲôֻͬʱعͷ
ͰҪɽ̥ʱȴǲɵһ
֮ǰδʶɽ֮пܿǣԹԽţ
ȻҲΪأɽȣĿеĵλرˣϾڤѾӽɣԴ֮Ѿûһʼǰˡ
ʲô뷨ֻܿڱǡƺϵΪ֮ɫʵ
ţ鶦ԸϽţҪʮöԲ顣ҲϵĿ˵
ֻһŵҲˣһʮ̥ʵǲɶãֵǲƵġ⣬ԣ鶦칤Լȡ֮δûдȶɫŨü΢һЩÿɷ˵
ȻӻԸɰʯԼѡȡĻᣬֻҪʮԲ̥Ԫħ飬ԼһЩ浤ƿҩһЩѡᶨĲ
ǳףʱȡЩƷЩϼһǵУҪǸûκοܵˡ
ǿſħƷʵħ飬½ûʲôħˣʶ;ЩϼһﲢԴӡ
˺ͺԣû˵ת׿һཻۣһɫ
Ȼˣҵȶһ£ɡݺͰɫŨüһ󣬱׷׷֮ǰһŵرڻ˹ȥ
鶦̫ҫۣʶ˷ŴҴһƳ֮£δ֮⣬˿Ļ󣬲Ҫϸ鿴һʣ֮
ͣСɽһĵرǰϸϸĴʱ촽΢Ĵ̸š
ɫŨü߿һҰ޹֮ʱϲԽ֮ɫһţһĽ֮УݺͰ߼֮ʱҲһ
һŴԼĻɫݣէȥǿήһ֦֦ҶҶƬ֮࣬ҶƬ֮Щɫ״ŵ΢⡣
״ҲǲɵһϲӦմѪӰĴãڵʱЩæҲûȥϸʼղ֪ʲôϣߵɫӦҲһɶõݲǡ
һɽԪµĿܱϣˡ
ֹаӵʱ䣬ڽһѲϸϸļϡ
ֶҵ֮Ѿ˶ᡣǽв϶£ɴһʮöԲ̥ԼЩ浤ҩЩ޵ʬԪĻ͸һŰɣϾᣬдѴѵԪɣϷٸһ׵㣬Ϊ˷ϽԴĽ͡գɫŨüߵĿ˵
ֻһɵѹȸȻһʱ侹Ȼ޷ֱߵ۾Ѿȷģûˡ
˵ֻһԪʮɽ̥ܹ֣ǰһ
Ͼ֮£ɽӵҪһĹ׵˵Ҳ൱ʱȻԼѾչ˽Ĺ׵㣬һĻڽ֮ǰΪ׼
Ӷлλ̫ϳϡúͷʾͬ⡣
ݺͰߺͰɫŨüԣΪĵ˵ͷ
뺫һۣҲ¶һ˿Цݡ
˵ǵλӲѹĻµȻòͬ⣬ȴЩʧˣȥҲôȻԸͬúá
˹˹ֺ󣬵һУһ΢ƽض𣬽мҩԪħԼɽһһ𣬲ɿֽ֮С
ȡǼڽ޵֮ʱڳ˼ûж࿴һۣһԴ˺ӡ
ˣüͷһ塣
⼸ܶ޷ѵѲЫɶˣ
ͷһţǾҪȥ޵ĵطȥһʣ㡣
ˣЩʯҲȡһЩڴʱȴ˵һ䣬ͬʱһȻʮɫʯڷ˹ȥ
ˣȻҲƴǣлһ󣬱㽫һֽͬС
ɫŨü߼궫󣬳ĵ˵ͷһ˦ۣһָһֱ֮С
΢΢һһƬһŹ׵ֺȻһ
л̫ϳϣˣ乧һȭ󣬵˼λϺˣת뿪ĵ´Լķƿնȥ
ʱ䣬շҲλǰ˴еջȻҲм£ȣֱС׼ס
Ϊŵļλ϶շƴ˴η֮лǸĸߵۣرʹһЩԳ浤ЩõҩΪͣ㽫ˡ
շȥһ󣬺ڴһջҲֱ뿪ˡ
Ƭ֮´֮оͱÿտҲʣ߶ѡ
ʦ֣û뵽СӾȻǴ˴ľϲ˷֮УȷľˡɫŨüЦ˵
ҲһλᣬۼԪ಻꣬ӾȻҵٵĵҩǼݣǲɶõʥҩ֮ܽ˳ͻͨһ߿ˡݺͰҲһĳ̬Ц쳣˷ܵӡ
鶦֮£ʦôɫŨüɫ΢΢һ˵
˶һıӷԣҵȿԼķһ㡣˵˶ԼҪ칤ڣԷδгŵӦԴҴ˶칤ڵı䵽̫УѾǵʱԼЩԴԻȡˡҲòģǼλͨʦʦȥɡݺͰĿоһ
ʦֹȻı㣬֮һȽ⼸Ƴɻ鵤պ˵
ϲһ֮󣬱㻯ʧĵ´֮С


994 
뿪̫ûκͣһ·ֱԼĶȥ
˵һʱû˯һȾȷʵҪúõϢһ֮⣬ҪȽ˴η֮еúúһ£Ϊһúôһ¡
˼䣬µɫɽѾ˶ɽϿա
һعȴԶԶĿһŮٻӰ䶴֮⣬ӣƺѾʱˡ
ˣɫһŮϢȻϤˣ
ʦáڰкһ䣬ͬʱһգڶſһԾ¡
΢΢һת˹ȻһЦ֣ˡ
⿴Ƶһƽȴؿһȣɵд֮⣬鲻Խǰ˫һ§Ľ˻С
ȻûϵͻȻסԼ΢΢һ˫շһƬΣȴûѡ
ʦãҡŷԼЩʧ̬æɿ˫֣ʱҪڽʲô
ˣһ߱һ֮á֮ǰ֮һĽʦΪĳԭͻȻͳ˷棬Сö෬֮£ŵ֪˴ηؾ֮бƵΣءЩ챾ӦǱչسڵĹؼʱ̣ЩԾԳأڴ˴ȴֻˡδ˵꣬ȴͷĽ͵ֻУƺԴһ˿Թ֮⡣
ʦõˡһ˿֮⡣
֪ӦñȽˣǿضϢһ°ɣһȥطߣһȻ󡭡Ȼͻȥˡ⻰΢ҧһº촽˵
ʦǲĳԸǰԣʹѿ˵
Դڷż֮һ֮ƺŮ֮ºȻһ¿˰㡣
ãǾˡ
ԣһ֮ϲͷ
˵һһƽһ𣬳ɽһɶȥ
ļͨģСϪˮǰɽͤˮٶԿһһŮûӰ
ƺȴһз֮£ֻͬɽһЩ羰֮ɽˮƷ۵
˵ɽһ˽ܵĶ츣أ޷Ρ룬ǧɽ壬׺Ȼ뵣Ȼһɴд̣ﻨԴ¡
˼ĸ飬Ҳڷɿ켤š
У˶ɾһ㣬һЩԭеӣֶʣȴ޿κΡ
ɳͨĿ֮ºҲǳģһͷԽŵĲؾ֮ڡ
ϾϽһУ֮£˻عĵ죬㱻ţŵһ˵ǳʵκ˻ˡ
дԳƣŸ߲Ѿ˾һ浤ŸΪشӡ

һգɽһƬĲԭ֮ϣĲпһʯ֮ϡ
֣ƴ֮ʱİңѾص֮ҲûнΪˡǲǴʱ𣬾ͶҾͲֻǼ򵥵ʦˣͻȻգգ۾ʵ
ҡ৵һ±Щ΢죬һʱ侹Ȼ֪λشǺá
ץ˰죬ȻһЦʵҲμӶĶսֵ֮ʱΪδӦңºΪǶʱҲûгԾܾӦСü˰ɡ
ʦãʵһ˿ȣһº˵ЩʲôʱȻһ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬һ£һһ֮ͣС
뿪Ų㾹˽Գصɽˮͻƹؼʱ̣ٻصɽչأ
ʦʦ̫
֣ʦȥչµݱһʱˡһ࣬վЩԸ˵
Ȼʦ˵ˣʦȻȥ¡һЩƿҩƿЩ档ԣüͷһ壬ϷȡƿҩоŵƷ鵤
л֡
ӹݹСƿ֮󣬲δ࿴˴С
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⼸յദȴָоһָˮĸоһ̣δ߳һ
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Щͻ浤ҩԪҲŵԺٴ
ʯ׼պϾ֮ʱڶвһС;
һ˼ЩűջֽУöħʱ󣬻ǽ֮ղˡ
һк󣬵ֻʣʮһɽ̥öڽˡ
һ֣ʮһŻԲɢһȦȦĻɫΡ
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˿ѾûһԪˮԺúһ¸кᣬӦûһЩҵһЩģܹʮһɽ̥ȫɰƷʵȻ̱һĵز
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ͻ䣬клܻʹһֻͨ޳ΪһĴڣҲпܻʹһֻƷ޳Ϊһֻ
½ʷϲڳУеõĻʶѣͱȻԺʿ˱ɴѡ
ЫͷɶҲ˵ǱޣմȾһ˿ϹžħϢҲһЩѪŲα졣
һ˿֮ɫĿеĽɫѣƬ֮ƺ¶⣬Ȼվ뿪˶ɽĳȥ
һʱ֮վɽֱ죬Ƶɽǰбϣ
ɽ֮˶ޱȵ·һɴСľҶ
Ҷһ֪ǴһòľɣĲһȦȦֿ֣֮£֮ã˾ľͲǷƷҶҲҶôˡ
Ҷдˡ԰Ծ֡
˴̫ŵһҪڣרѱ޵ĵط


995 Ĺڽ
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˴Ҳǵһǰֻżͬἰѡ
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ڽޣԣ¶һ˿Źֵɫ
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˵йڽޣҲֻڵ伮Ͽأûۿ
ԣæҡ֣ʦֲҪᣬڽֻһͨĻޣ԰ȻеģֻǺٻޣʦ
˵⻰΢΢ðæתɽмȥ
ˣüͷһ塣
ոûжʲôѹȥֻ꣬ǹɷأϽ֮Уֻɱ˲ͬףǸ߽ʿɷڽЩ¶ˡ
ս֮ʱɷܹС棬һЩΪԼͬʿƽʱ粻ȴЩˡ
ͷת䣬Ѿź԰֮ڡ
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ĹڽһЫֻҲ˲ֱֱøʺΣͬʱϺɫը𣬺Ȼһ̬


996 
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˵ЫӺͼ˵ֶȻһͱ˴˵
ˣȴһ˿֮ɫ
ЫֻڵĹڽȻû˿η֮⣬͵ðգ֮ҲǴСββ˸ĵĺâһһӰ˳ȥ
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ʦܣ⡭̷׳һۣüͷһ
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䣬дһҵײߺȻײһһһŹâײ֯˸
ȻֻһĹһҺĹڽ˳ȥصˤ˵ϣϵĻѾɢ˴룬ߵĳһ˿ɼ
һߣڹһЫȵԭأϺƣзһ˻
Ĺڽŭһͷֻںţһſڣڴϸľ޴Ϻɫ棬ƳһϺɫ
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997 ɽ
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ʱ䣬ûܿ뿪԰
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ЦϷ־֮ˣǰϷһæΰһѣǻһˣߺһҡڵ˳ȥ
̷׳ҡҡͷ漴ִϷһɫĹâЫڽսĺۼܿ챻ɨɾˡ

뿪԰ûзضֱŴʹ뿪ɽ
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һգɽ⣬һҰɫ۴Զƿն֮վһӵӰȻǻŷεˡ
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ĳһֻɴСİɫݴӾ޷Ϸ˹ݱվһɫ۵ӣĿԴ֮ɫĿ
λǰմǰɽɽڣ»벻ҪֻҺڵΪµݣͣھʮ⣬˵
̫ݷһ¹ɵĻӳϡ˵ţȡ̫ŵƣ䣬ޱ˵
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ԭбŵ޷ǰԵƬ̣Ϊͨϡһޡɫһ䣬Ľ˹ܿ˳ȥ
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κ̫԰мƣ˴ģԶ԰׳۰ٱˡ
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԰ͷĬĬת۵˫ĿҪһ·֮еʲôޡ
ת޷͸·Ľƣһƣһɫ赲Ŀ⣬ʶȻп͸ȥ
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һۣһһж𣬳Ƭ֮󣬲ʦֶϴ޴ӦҲޣȻͬˣǰ׳ϵĺ󱲣ϷȻҪչ˵ġҲйأɵӽ޸ȡһЩʯõġ


998 ޸
ףлǰȫԣʱϲɫ
ںʯԷͬ⻰ɾ鷳ˡ
΢΢һЦһӣ֮зɳһ̹⣬ȴһֻɫƤëС
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ħϹʿȥģȻЩӷ֣˵Ҳ˵֮Ҳãǻ̫ŵİһ˳ˮ飬˳Եüһ˵
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ÿʱʮʯһ˵ȻһСǮѣǮ繺һˣ޸湻ڵġ
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һĵ棬ಡһԶƿռ۶ȥ
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1000 ָ
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ʼչغ󲻾ã̫ȴͻȻ˽ͽ󾳣ָ֮Ϣ
Ҫ֪֣߰˰ǰǿ߳ķʢ˰֮á
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콣һƫ֮УһͷڵĽһ̵֮ͨϣ˸ͣվһһɫȹŮӣȴշơ
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շʶȤûжʣʼһڷؾеų渵

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ЩһΪף߶ɡ
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ˣɣ˵Ͻ֮Уڼλ̫ϳѹΪһ˵ӵģд£һԸߣͻȻתʵйһЩڵɱַ
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ˣһ˼£ǾԼʦһ£ֱӽ֮УϾʣʱ޵ġ
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ҲΪˣһЩǿг浤ôпϵƷ浤Ӵ˾·ֹˡ
ɢ֮Ϊִ̫УԴḻӶͨĥķʽѰҵ𵤵򲻵ѣǾԲǿнᵤġ
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СҪȥˣ˳Ļټ֮ʱӦҲѾ浤ˣϧһ׾˴ѵҪ򵹿ȥǱ߿ҲδȥˡٺһЦת¶֮ɫ૵˵


1001 ϣ
ɽԵĳһСƬԱܱɽͰĺɫϿȡ
ȿ걻Ũ쳣ĹǣӸ߿ոĻᷢЩͬһɫһ㣬ʹ·ϿȶԵ쳣谵
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ʦãҡԣһʱЩ֪˵ʲôźá
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ĿһתĿһ۲ԶշƣвɵĿЦһ
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շʼնδ˵һ仰Ӧһ󣬱һתƮȻȥˡ
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ǶͬʱڿնѸ뿪Ƭɽȡ


1002 £
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Ĵ̫ڶľӪ£ƿ˶һС򣬶ޱ޼ʣ޷̽Ѱ߽磬˵ֵطͨеľڤ硣Ҳᣬ˵˵صĹҾȺʦ˵˵˵صĹɡ·Ϊ֣һǶеʵԽϵͣûܵ֯ͳһΪСɢʵ̫࣬ʱʱһҾγɿ¹ҵפءһֱʵǿҵȵĶţ֯ܡȼ˵ȫװóֹͨʵڡ»൱ʿĹ˧൱浤ʿĶͳ죬Լ൱廯ʿĶξڶĹ䡣֪ʲôԭԴĴ̫ڶռһƬݵҲ֮ð񹥴Ĵ̫ڵľݵ㡣ӶԴ˵ιȻʮֵϤ٩٩̸һ
ͨҪӦһݡ
˵㣬ʦܾܷġȻҵȼҲɳһͨȶġ⣬Ĵ̫ڻ齨һԱŵΪʿţԿţֱ̫ŵĽ칤ڵĿܾȻԺĺԼħڵķħƽʱĴ̫ڸԿһǣ丽һıݡһжϮ໥ӦսʿŽᣬͶʱֶԸʿʱȴֻɱһʿȻʵϴƣȴܳڼһƽ⡣ӻĽ͵
ԭˣʦҲͷˡˣ»ʦִһ飬֪ʦֿ֪ķһӡ塯ֽΣͷ󣬺Ȼһת
壿˵һ̷ŮӰɣҵЩӡѾʱˣʵʮ˵ã˲սǰһʱʧˡЩȷ˵
ʧˣʦֿ֪ʲô𣿡һæʵ
йش£֪Ĳ࣬ʦһᵽ˳У˴һ¡ԥһµĻص
Щʦָ㡣ΣҲֻ˵
һ·̸֮䣬ѷɶݳȥǧ֮ԶפرҪԶˡ
һ·ϼпʿһ칤ڵɵѲСӣԷ⣬Ǵ˸󣬱Լɶݶˡ
ΪǣԴ뿪ڷȷΧ֮Ƭѹѹվͽ˵ɫٲֱɫ
ֹ˲ʱԭƽ֮кȻϸֵ꣬Щ꾹ȻǵɫģҰһɵȳ֮
ʦܣǶеĸ꣬˵ʴڻϵʿûʲôоʱ˶ٻǻЩӰģҵȻݱһټǰΪ˵
˵ͷʾͬ⡣
Ƕ˾һ汻°ΧСشһ£µͱ֮µһֻСѨ֮С
ʦ֣˴ָ£˲ЩʪѾʴĴָСڵķκ󣬿ʵ
ָڶ֮вͨ²ŻһΣһ¾գԻݱһΪ⴦ɽǰҲδҪϼˣȽ̽һû׼Щջ񡣱Ͼпвٺöġҡҡͷ͵
Ҳá
˼һ֮󣬾Ƚɽ֮һ̽
Ȼγɵģͨ嶼һֵɫɽʯ˽߽ȥʮɵľ֮ѹѹһƬ޷
һüͷͬʱһһһżС¹ʯ
﷽һֺ͵Ĺâ㽫ɽյĳ㶴Ҳɼ
СģڱسЩ֮Լ俿ĺܽʱҲ׷ټġѵ
˵ͷ֮󣬶˱㻺ɽȥ
ɽĿݵӶǲ壬ɽһʯڣͬʱעǰ
ɽޱȣһյĹȴû˿ߵͷļ֮Ĵ
֮ͨ£ԽǽĳѨԽ׳һЩ߽׵޹
ͷת֮ʱȴЫȻˣ֪ô£ҾȻܸӦǰһȺ￿ٵӡ
һĿһ󣬵ķųʶǰһɨȴκ쳣֡
һ˼󣬾ͲɫһƤһɫȻƮֱһʯ֮С
ǰ˰֮ͻȻһٵͣס˽ŲȻҲ֮ͣ
ΪǰԶȻˣһСĻ谵ʯ֮Լɼһ국ɫİƴ黨Լһֱ۴ϸɫһ
ǡЩɻʵ
һֹϲʳ⻨˻ֻһЩ¶ɽ֮ϣһ㲻Ȼֶǡɫһæһһ¹ʯǰһס
һɫâգǰʯһУ˷ʯϣȻһֻֻĻɫֻ֮ࡣ
⡭ڤ𣡡
һ˾ʧڡ
Щڤ֮ǰǰȻͬÿһֻɢɭ֮ϢһԱ̵˫֮ͫо
ͬһʱ䣬͡˻ֻˢˢһչ˫ᣬǵصĳ˶
⣬ЩڤѪҺ綾ޱȣխطǣǿߣӻֵ̿˵ͬʱһξҪߡ
ʦֲؾţȴ˵һ䡣
䣬ɽк¡¡֮ʯںȻҵĻζ˲ѶʯɲǼ
ֻһȻӵ´
ʯںת𣬻һʯֱȺȥ
дˡۡһƴ֮
ʯ·һһֱӴЩɫ϶ʯ֯һһʱѪĽ׷ɡ
ꡱ֮УڤѪʯͬڻһ㣬ɿıʴںԴԴʯ£ʹ˵Ҳ˿ûб


1003 
߰˸Ĺ򣬹Ķ֫кĵһء
ʣĹ״Ȼڿһչᳯɽ֮ӶȥʱӴܵһɶˡ
ȻĿɿڴˡ
ʱʯ·һһɴŮֶЫ
ˣЫ²ȻһĹˡЫ΢΢һ
⣬ĺܺˡһ֮һ䣬Ыһɫ֮С
û뵽ʦܻΣ˾ͨͶ㽫ôҪ֪Щ𲻽ѲĺܣͨûʲôֵǮϣѪҺܻ֮һ£û˻ȥӲЩġŻعƤ̬Աԭࡣ
Ҳѹ֣ȻںųŵӵһЩ뿪ʮϰ̫˵ȻİĺܣҲǵһ
޹ȻЩ˼Ե˵ͷԴ˵صֶ˼˽⡣
ʱʯ֮һȴûиķˡ
֮ĸڽͣ˵뿪ɽǷɳ۶ȥ
һ·ϣպһΡĴڽҰ֮ڡ
ʦܣڶפǣˡңңһָǰĳǳأ˵
·ϣѱ˴˻ͨϵȻҲ˲١
ԽݣӣҲΪĥѰҽ浤Ѵʮ֮ãȴһֱδԸ
˿̣˳ԽָԶԶȥƺΰռԼжʮӣ˵ǳǳأҪΪǡ
ǳͨһֺɫʯɣĳǽаɣڳǳ룬ԶԶܿһɫǽʮɣһ˶ĵɫת˷ŵ⣬ԶǳضͬԡһƬɫһ㣬ҲǴ˳ֽǵԭˡ
ĳǽϣʱʿѲӣÿʮɾһС͵¥¥涼һ;˵ľ󣬴ÿһɣ滹ɢķâ
˾޴Ĺ󣬿һ֮£ǻڵʿҲֱâ
ǽϵɼӿݣƺǿµĺۼһЩطȻݣܿٳƣɴ˿ɼԽݿжŵķԣʵй֮
ǳظĸ߿УԶһŲٺڵ㣬ϸ֮£ȴһֻֻĺɫݣӦѲΧĶ
ǹȻܡջĿ󣬵˵ͷ˵
ǵȻҽǰɣǳŵӣҪеǼһȻĳϷ񡣡Խ˵ţȳŴȥˣҲһ߶ݹĸȥ
Żаɣǽ̷֮ɳʿϴͳһɫףӭ
վסЩʿʮվΣΪ׵һʿһȻһ߳ؽңңָˣʵ
Խʹ˸ɫͣ
ʶڼһɨ⼸˺ȻǻڵΪΪ׵ʿǼٵʿ
λǽһԽݣҵƣλĵӣķҪȥбԽ˵ţȡһɫƣ˹ȥҲʾ£ȡƽ˼ˡ
ʿϸһ¶˵Ͼ֮ɫԼﻹ˺󣬶ļ˰һ֡
һʿ̷˳ȡһɵľӣһˡ
üͷһ壬Խû˿ҲûӦƾС
һЩ̵ӹ֮д˳ɿһȦ
ûзӦûʲô⡣ʿ˾ӣ˵
ʿŵ˵ͷɫһɣ˱һȭ󣬼תɻ˳ǽ֮ϡ
Щ˶ǽǵڶӵѲߵӣΪǰһʱ䷢Żγɱʿǵ飬ԶԽ˳ǵʿŲ鶼ǳϸеרڼġԽһ߶ݹڵϣ͵
ԽʦֿеĵһӺ͵ڶǡԣЩɻʵ
ʦֵĲǣǸʦռһǽˡܹӣֱǵһӡڶӼӣڳеǼ󣬱Ҫһѡ񣬴˺ÿ꣬һλԸ顣ԽһŷȥһЦŽ͵
˵ǸзֹɣԽ겢Уʵ
ʦԲһӣǽҪϲ㽻ĸ񣬻ְ𣬾ҪǿɱսΣϵߵĶ飬Զԣý浤ȻҲģܹȡĽҲġڶӣǴ˵صפزӣҪǵķغѲߣƽʱûǲ뿪ǳһģһȣΣϵȻС࣬ӣȴɵĶ࣬ҪǸһЩƺĹвҪǱΪ˴˵еһЩĶһЩԼƷ֮ˣҲӡһԣ˵صˣѡӣϤӦһ´˵صĻڵڶ꣬ټפĥһڵһӵġԽϸĸһ˵ص
˵䣬˱ѵִ˳ſڡ
˸ոձѲߵӼһ飬ػŵĵֻǼ򵥵Ŀһ¶˵󣬱˽˳С
һţüһ޴ڵȻõΧǳ˲
һϿɢµĽɫâЩȻ
һɿĴһŵʯݽʽǧƪһɵĹӣͳǽһļ̴µĺۼȴʮּ̡
кܿӰԵЩ壬ֻڽֵԱߣÿһξ룬Լɼмª̣С̯Ϊ˵Щ
ԽȻǳϤֱųеĸ첽˹ȥˣҲ˵ĸȥ
ʱ˱˽ĸǰ
ˣĸоǰĺΰһֲ֪İɫʯÿһһƵĵط̻ϸơ
ֱֱ죬ɸߣ֮Ϸ·䳲һ㿪ʮССڣܿӰܶ
ǽǵҪŦڣи߲㳤ϴҲڴ֮СʦĴɵĺܣʱ߲ıǱһͨʦԽһָ߲㣬Щ˵
׿ȥֱֻ߲ϷɫµĴĿâ֣ȷʵԵ쳣


1004 С
˴Ӹײһڷ˽ȥһĴ
֮Ϊտִʯ֧ŶˣһԲ״ʯ̨̫ųϷεʿ棬Ųתͷ˹
ɫһһɫĮӣһȴһͯ󣬺ȻԼй֮ԵĴƷ峤ϣͯӡ
ͯӿɫҲһ
ԽݣλϡԽûע⵽ͯӵɫ仯һ
λϣ
ɫָܿ糣Ҳһ
ԭԽʦֶضˡ˵˵
ʦֶ벻𣿡ͯȴЦվ
Խݺ˼Σɫ¶˼֮ɫ
ǵģΪѾһƿ׶Σ˵Ѱһ߻Ե˵
ҼǵʦֶǹҲʺĥΪͯԣΪǵĵ˵ͷ
Ŷԭϵӣӽ̸鿴Уâһ˵
֣ضѾ֮ˣԶ֪֮֮١λʦֶʮǰŽŵģʵȻŵһӵĳƺţҲ޲ڵġͯ΢΢һЦ˵
ŶԭǸŻжռͷӣҵҲ˵һЩ顣Ӵۣϴһ˿֮ɫ
ԽվһԣȴǾɫ
˵·ϣʵȴû뵽֮
ˣҵһûٶ˵ʲô
ȻŻһչʵԣȻˡڽӵԽһ·ѾͲ˰ɡֻǲ֪ʦֶһ飿һʵ
һӡ˵ţȡĵƣȥ
һԵԽݼˣȴʹһɫȴδǡ
ʦֶˣȻʵɲ磬ϷǽȽڶϤһµĺáͯԣüѵ
л³Ϻ⣬ѾλʦȫᶨĻص
ȻԽ·˵ȴӵӻǵڶӿʼϤӦһ´˵ٿǽһӡ
ʱ󣬿ɲԸװ׺ķ꣬ӶԼʵʮţŻҪġ
һۣٺ촽΢Ĵ̸󣬽ӹݹƣȡһᣬɨ˼ۺ󣬵˵ʦֶȻԼʵΪţԸɣеĵСȱһӳʦֶΰɡ
һڳԽݺͯɫȴ΢΢һ䡣
֪ܷ˵һ£йصСӵͯӺԽݵɫУһʵ
ʦֶʹʣҲԺҲ˵ġǽפлϵԼˣԼĪڵһССǵһСӣִеĶǼ伸ʮ֮ߵġͯͻȻڽ͵
ӵĵڶִŶһĽй׵㣬Ҳиִ˵زģִԽΣյ񣬵õĽҲԽࡣʦֶʵǿΪĥΪѰͻСȻʺϲˡбƳͯһۣɫž˵
ԭˣǵӾƾųϰŰɡ΢һһڴӦ
ܺãǱںųŵһӣûŵĻҴΪʧˡ
״¶͵ɫĵƶ˻Ρ
֮âһʢ󣬱ٴλָƽ
ȡһƺһ͵ڴ˵صƣ̫ŶнƣԺѪһպ󷢲񣬶ԴﴫѶǽͳһΣѼйضһЩϣȥ֮ϸϸжһ£жаġ
Ӧһӹƺʹֱֹʵˣһ£λ̡ʦ֮һֱûѶϢ˵һʧ٣֪ʲôͯӺԶһһۣһʱ䶼ûпڻػ
Σ΢΢һ
ԱߵԽݸֶ״ü
Ƭ֮ͯ̾˿˵ΪӣҲûиǲӦøЩͨӵģȻʦֶʦֶͬţҾͽ¸ɡ
֮ǰŽӵһ棬˵ƽԭжûԱǲһСӵȥ̽飬ʦֶУͬеĻٵʿһ浤ӡһȥû˿Ϣء֮Ҳǲȥ̽飬ȴûз˿״ĺۼҲûУһֱһţ˾ͬڴ˵˼һ㡣ͯ̾˿
üͷ
ͯ˵ʮа˾Ѿ˲⡣
лʦ֪£м̾˿ֵ
ûϢҲδǻ£ʦֶҲعڵģڵ֮Уպ˽֪ͨ㡣ͯ˵
ֻܿЦٴγл
ԽݣʦֶȥһӵסһЩ飬Ҳϸ˵һ¡ֳͯһԵԽݣԸ
ǣ깰һ񣬺ܿ˳ȥ
ͯӿԶȥӰ鲻ЩӣȻ̫Ѿȥʮ꣬Ծɰźǳ
ǵһ£Ʒ֮УһŵӵܾܿͻͷϣĻֵķˡ
ˣ˵ʲôҲˡ
ͯа̾
ֿԴΪ˸ղһֱûпڣʱȻһЦʵ
ǺǣӺ͵ڴ˵ʧٵЩҲǱĹ֮ˣȻҪúչһЩġͯӲÿɷĻص
˲һշƵѾͷôֶҽûлعڣҪúø˵һˡԣɫһ
˵ˡ

뿪ԽݱǳǰĳƬȥ˵ʦܣҿû뵽㾹ȻڵĵһŵӣԺҪչˡ
Խ˵ﻰЩЩ˺Ҵģɲܵġĵӣ˻ţ඼Ѱҽ浤ĻԵĲ˵еĵӣʵ֮ϵĿҲڡҡҡͷ˵
˵䣬˳һʮ·ڣ·һԺʽĶǰһıš
еľҲӣ˴˷ָģһƬǵһӵ˾סֵľһˡԽݿк˵ŻµĿһָۣһſдš׵ߡĶ˵
һ¶ΧĻ徲΢΢˵ͷ
֣½ЩҪԺϾ׵źŶҡԽݿһ䣬㿪ڸǵ
ãлԽһ·ͬڡл
˱˴˿󣬱ʹ˷ˡ


1005 ̽
ĿԽȥ󣬻عȡųƣһºſһξѪϡ
֮϶ʱһ㵭ڹ⣬һڶ֮ϡ
ǣ
Ż򿪣΢΢һЦƣ˽ȥȫˡ
˼һԲεĴ¿һۣɫ΢΢һ䡣
ֻȻмΪģΧǼʯңÿʯҷдŽľˮʯϿһ֡
ԣһ˹ͬסĶ
ȡƣȻڱдһ𡱵
ڴ˿̣дľֵķ֨ѽһ˴ƿ߳һ쳤òٸ
ţдˮʯҷҲȺ󱻴򿪣ֱ߳ʿһͣЩձһ󺺾бһŴ󹭣һݿݣͶ֮棬׼ĹӸһ㡣
Ŀǰһɨ΢ݣ˶ǼٵڵΪƾˣƺһ˶ԽҪǿӡ
ոյŵĴѶ˵ͻСһλӳؾǸ˰ɣٸܻĴۣ˵
䣬ȻվһվȴγһǺΧ֮ƣɢѹһ𣬳ѹȶ
ķûеڶӻǾûˡǼ˶ǵСӵĳԱĿһɫ̤ǰһֵѹ֮еȻ˵
ڻþ֮ʱʿԿںĸٵʿѹ
ձߺͿݹӶ˻һۣжһ˿ȣɢѹɵһ
ǰ˵֣˵Щźܳͷٺ٣ڳһպգҲƾͷѹסǡٸûлش⣬ЩԵ˵
ĳֻҪĥһΪû˼⸱ӳôҲǳλȤܹʤλҲǲԹõġΪĵ˵
⵱ʲôӳǰ˷һƣȻҲʲôġ
ߣ뵱ǵĸӳܵóʵ֤ɣԿ˵ٸŮޣԸ񷴶Ϊ𱬵һһıȻǰһ
ѵʵɡǸ칭ĴںٸǰһĿ֮кһһֻһת֮£ץ
칭ϢأȻһޡ
üһֱ΢΢һڣ赭дĶ˴󺺵һץ漴ֱһΣ˵ӰƷ˺칭󺺵
칭󺺼ȻԼӲƴǸֳһ˿Ц
һֱ̣ײһһ죬칭ֻһɾֱ֮ϴ˹Ѫһ£̲סһһ
ȴԾеվԭأ΢΢һЦ
߸ղŶûж÷Ȼֻƾһ
ٸ˼ˣɫһ䡣
СӺѾãԱ˴ʵѷǳ˽⣬칭󺺳Ľ𶥷壬ǳï״ӣһɽӣڽٵȻޣҲǰ֮Уһ֣ȻΪóһüβ
칭˲ˮһ˫дһžȻ¡ģʹ˴һȦֱ࣬һֱ̧ϱɫ󣬻һȭ
ȭͷ֮ûɢ˿ľ磬ƻʵһ㵽ǰ
üͷ΢΢һ£һ̧Ө޳һ̽ס˺칭󺺵ȭͷָһ˲㽫ȭͷϵĺɫ顣
ȭӵĵطһľѰ죬֮κηӦˡ
칭ɫڴ䣬оԼţ뺣Ȼ޷ԷֺҶԷָһϣ·һεץס˾ȭ޷

󺺴һڵϺݺһ壬ţһǿ
ָֻһ𣬾ЩǯƲסԷ֮С
һ̣һ䣬֮ϸֳŨŨѹ˴ϵĺ⣬ֱۿһڡ
칭󺺶ʱֻһĺĿֲӿ˲ԣշһ޷ѵڿն
ۿҪײǽϣӰһΣǸձߺȻӶлƹһһɺȣһƹ˺칭ϣƮƮĽ
üһֶ
ѹȻʵǿϷֻձ촽գС֮ȴ˵Ȼټĸ
칭󺺴˿˵ϣɫѿ쳣ת飬ŽڵѪ˳
֣ҵȲǴƣֻ뿴ѵʵΣϾ֮дգǸӳʵãҵҲΣˡڿʵҵԤڵҪǿϲ٣ҵҲͷˡһԵ湫Ӹȡһȣ৵һ򿪣˼£Ц˵
ٸԣȴĺһȻмֲҲû˵ʲô
칭󺺴˿ɫѾָĿ֮вɵôһ˿η֮ɫ
ȻˣϣλԺЭͬ潻ɡĹ֡
ҲɫĻһ
ˣ΢΢һЦٿˣĿڴ֮д
ѳ˵أӦûǺҼɣǾѼ򵥽һ¡Сӣ϶ӳѣһˡӳ⣬˼䶴˺ãһľռȻ㹻ģճҲӰ쵽Է˸Եķ⣬ﻹʯңֱҺңɴҹãֻҵȶó˵ʶһֱþˡձø͵
ԭˡ˵ͷ˴˸кԼĽַ
ԲδУ󺺼뷿ҲһԲתͷ߻Լķ䡣
ϰܸϿЩҲסˡ깫ӸžһӣĴЦ
ȻͲ󣬵ȴǲСһʵȻСӳӦҲǾؿǵġձߵ˵
ߣΣͿһɡٸһת߽˷䣬ع˷š
ձߺ͹ӸӿЦȻԴŮĻƢΡ
˼̵Ľ̸ҲԻصԼڵʯҡ
߽ԼķĿһɨռ䵹Ҳ㿪һʮɵӣ򵥵ĸ˼䣬ҾҵҲһӦȫ
ǽҲ˸ƣŵȫݲˡ
΢΢ͷĻҲ⡣


1006 
Щһ飬ûз쳣󣬵һתȡһָ̣ɼ䣬һ֮䵽˷䡣
Ƭ֮һ㵭ɫĹĻס䡣
һЩ˿ߵҵʯ
ڶһ·ȻôۣҪĽԺеõйϢúһ¡
ˣ
СʱͻȻȡǸųϸĴ֮󣬵Ϲâһ˼
һɫļ£һɵһ۵İСƿ
¶һӷʵӯһ㡣
ſһɾ˼֮С
ǰһ£Ѿϡ
ʶһɨҲˣһƷսףһ㣬òȴԵģŸã⻷£һΪķ֮ˡ
̫ŵı־ӡŵһӵġӥǡ
׻һ壬˿Ӱжɵĵ˵ͷ
ţּһǸСƿװʮŵҩƿһüСд˼С֣˵Щҩ;
һܹĵҩ
֮гĹʱʩϵԼӡȻԶֵЧڻǻ۲Ҫʱʳ
ȴЩˣǹһڤǾ壬ǲ̫ʴ
öڶͷ֮ϣʶ͸ȥ϶ʱ¶רע֮ɫ
֮м¼йصĽǵһЩϢиĵͼԼɵһЩ֮д󲿷ƪǽйضţ
ЩϢ˵Ҫģķǳϸʱ֮󣬲Žʶ˳
Զ֮ǰҪӵĶˡɫص˵
ϵĽܣʵλںڷָڱԵǳΧηֲʮСͱݣΧм䣬ռ˽
פڽǵ̫ŵʵԼǧˣĥΪŵ⣬ǲפصӣʵҺڵӣܷӣִµӺͽĵɣڴ˵ӡ
⣬ɵֱλںڷȶ棬ͱ棬ʻʽںڷΧм䡣
ĿǰյϢĴռݵԺڷΪĵֻǶ΢һСط뿪ڷԽԶĵطעԽģкܶطûκαעĿհ
ڶźͱصȻǵ·ԽѾһϵϢĸϸЩģϰԶصһ
پƬ̣ܿ뿪˶˽С
ӵӵĶռ˳߳ϵأЩطûʲôÿģܿ˽ǣм۵ĽֵһЩ̡
һķûʲôֵԵĵ̶һЩΪª̣Ҳֻ࣬һƹģʿ
˿ֵ̣֮ſȸֻߣ󲿷̶ֵûʲô˹ˡ
¿һۣŲ߽һ˵ģϴĵ̣аڷ˼ܣ̨վһ毺õŮޣҲΪԼĪڻڵӣӦרŵӡ
λʦ֣ҪĻҪЩʲôŮ޿߽վк
㿴㲻кҡ˵ȻߵһԵĻ
֮ϰڷ˲ݣҩһЩȵȣЩƽʱô۵Ķעļ۸ȴ˲ֹһ
ǾΪĵҩϵһɫƿıעд˻ƾСӡ
ǡŮ˹
˵ͷȡƿһ£ϺȻ¶ֹŹֵ顣
ƾɢϡԶԶȲ鵤̺ǰƵҲӡ
̶ֳȵĵҩ۾ȻʮʯһƿʮŶѡ
ּ۸½
΢鿴ĵҩЩΪָ˵ĵҩƷʶǿ⣬۸ȴס
λʦֿҪһЩҩŮЩڴʵ
ˡҡҡ֣һ˿п
ֻۣ֮ǰѾԤС
Ũأ쳣ϡ˵·Ѿˣ֮У޷ֱá
ڽУ̫Ų֪ʩչʲôֶΣеǿԹһ˳ǳأҪָͲòҩ֮ˡ
֮ǰ׼׼һҩ㹻֧ʮˡ
Ůԣ϶ʱ¶ʧ֮ɫ
Щҩ㵱Ŵ͹֮ʱЯ𣿡Ȼʵ
λʦĪǸոǣŮ޲Ŀһۺ
ȷʵ˵زáĿһ漴ͷ
ǾѹˣЩҩֻһЩˣⶾĵҩСŮӵģĻָ;ΪĵҩöƶɣҩЧȻãǮȴһֱӸ߲µġŮģϵһЩЦһ˵
ѹЩҩƷ֮лȻ
ĻʹΪεľǸָֻĵҩˣϧʱ򣬶Ǻ˽⣬ĵҩ֮ǰһˣֻܷЩƷĵҩˡŮ΢΢Цһ
ԼڸĻ
ЩȤһȦĿͣһ˸ݣģ޹ǵȶļϣлһöԲζɢһȦȦâ䲻Щ档
ЩǴ˵ضޱնɱµˣǴ˵زҲֵǮĶˡŮ޿ɫĵĽ
΢΢ͷڽ˵֮ǰ֪Ƕز֮;㣬½ϡȱޱȵģв˱Ϊ˴ðս
һֻ൱ڶͳ浤ϹУЩ׺쳣ǰԱˣʶµı֮ˡ
ڵڻһȦ󣬱ת׼뿪ˡ
λʦ¼Ȼ˵أСŮﵹһݶĵͼʦֻȤŮ޼ˣԺסӺ󷽼ȡһ鼮Цݸ
Ŷⶫԣ¶˼ָȤɫֽ˹·һ£вɵõһ
ⶫ֮֮
ⶫҪˣ֪Ҫʯ˼ۣ˵伮
һ鼮ѣֵʲôʯ͵СŮ͸ʦֵİɡպʦռ˻ģܿˣСŮԸԸ߼չŮ΢΢һЦ˵
ԣ´Ůһۣǰ̾Ůӻ⣬ҲΪ
Դ˲Уûƴǵ˵伮


1007 컯
ڽһֱѹѹ֮һѪ£Żص˶
ļճ⣬ʱһֱڳий䣬һЩ̼ƹģǺ͸Ҳ˳˽⡣
ͬʱϴε̽͵СӵĸԱҲϾֲпյأʵǿǻջ𾴵ġ
һգһƹʲôƺķһɢڹ⣬ڹ֮иֳС֡
ĿСһɨɫ΢΢һͶԷ˸к󣬱ת˵̣һ壬˰εض𣬳Ŷ򼲳۶ȥ
ոյϲ㴫Ѷɸ˵Сһ
㹤ϵǰʱСӵԱѾվſڡ
ӳˡձߺṫ΢΢һЦ˸
ٸͺ칭仹ЩȻҲǰ˸к
ҲΪ⣬˵ͷ˵ʲôʱһХ
˻ȥʱȴһҹһȻǰԶ
ҹɢȥֳһ߸ݵӰ˿ʮҵͣɫЩݻƣһ˫۾ȴϬ磬
λˣܺáĿڼһɨĿϡ
ɫ΢΢һ˺Ȼһ浤ڵʿҸոǵҹϤͨˡ
ĿӣϺ¶һ˿ɫĿ͵һһȻ⼤
˫Ŀپ΢΢Щʹһɫ⣬ͬ͸һɭɭ⡣
ɽڰкȻײǰ֮һε磬Ȼɿ˫˫ɢ
ãλεıӸӳʦܰɣ˵ʦܵĴһȻͬ죡дĿһգһЦ˵
ʦֹˣɶӳϹɢȥֵ
⼸գҲձ߼˴һЩйλСӶӳ飬һֱûм档
浤ĶӳǶһǼ˲סһ
ձ˽ղŵοУҲ¶˼־֮ɫƺܹ浤ĸӷͥжۣһΡ
μɶӳҲȭһ
λؿˣҷͬţֻڴһ£̫׾ûʲôȤζˡҡͷ˵
ĿһԸǺмƣǺˬ֮ˡ
λȻˣҲϻˣոյϲ㴫ѶӦҲѾˣθСһ񡣡ӿֱӵ˵
ɫûжٱ仯ձԣɫ΢΢һ䡣
ոյѶϢǶˣ˵ǰصһݱŴݻ٣ȥѰҴߺһҪƷ
˶ڶ˶꣬ȻΣԡ
ı֮ǰرݵҪΪ˶ԶŵĴģԤ;á
ǰرݵĺһ컯챦˲ԽСΧĴ˽תΪʿʿڴڶزٵƷ⼸е֪еĽɫţһľ컯
Ʋף˽ڲ࣬һݱƣԤúõĽƣ컯Զͻؽǡβ֪ʹʲô˸ţڱݹʱͳȥȴûдؽǣط
СӵĿ꣬ǲϧ۵Ѱҵʧ컯
αƵģԶʮźűݣʮ֮ңҲǶźʿ
λҲصģڴ˴ΣԣϲΪȷһʧɳǵС⣬еھţʮСӣͬ¡ӽ鿴У˵
ձԣɫһ
СѾһɺǿ㲻ţȻ϶в֮£ȫ˻мְյġ
ھСӡһ˵ԽƺǸСӵĳԱ֪᲻μж
ǸӦ飬ڰڸӦ컯ڡʿ˵ţ漴ȡŵɫĴָСԲ飬ַˡ
ӹԲ飬۱㽫
²˳٣ͳɣСڽſڼϡ˵һ󣬱תݹһһȳųŴɳ۶ȥ
һ˺ܿ˳ſڣԼɼǰͷͷӦСӵѾˡ
ĿȺһɨ¶һ˿Ц⣬ֻһС֮УԽЦվĿҲ˹
׿֣֣СһöλõˡԶԶıЦ
Сӵ浤ӳһһ۳룬ߣһǸıδ󺺡
Խݺٵʿվڱ󣬱δҲˣСӼʮʿ
浤ʮٵκεطһɺǿսˡ
οЩ˱ŵľӢҴڶ־һĵط˲ꡣ
֮Ժ˵˴ǳȻѾ룬̳ɡ߿ӹϵƽƽӣ˵һ󣬱ת˹ȥ
δ󺺵Ϊ˺Ӵ˸кΪһۣ漴ƿĿ⣬¼ͬȥ
˿Ϊ⣬к˸ȥ
һſڣ׷׽Ƶݽسǵӡ
ڳһ㶼ǳϸ񣬵һӵĶԱûʱҲһɲ׼ǵġ
һƲ˵ǼǺ˱뿪˽ǡ
ͷŨصʱ˷ĿҰɫ
ɣӳһ£·˵ݹ⣬Զ۶ȥ
ĿĵʮźűݣڽǶʮâͬʵһ㣬ɿƿնȥ
ףͻȻĿ΢΢һ£һ
뿪˽ǺԽǰУΧԽʶȻҲʼյ˺ܴơ
ʶյƵ飬оˣԶԶûء
ʦ˵أԻ֪ԽΧԽأЩҵϢġڽǸãȵʮźűݸʶֻܹ̽鵽ΧķΧˡԽڷɳ֮п˹ɫһЦĽ͵
ԭˣաüͷһ塣
ʦþˣܿͻ֪ЩġԽЦ˵
ʮĬĬĳǰɳۣʶյƣٶȲ̫죬ʮľ룬Ҫһһҹʱˡ
СģǰйȺǰıߣͻȻĿ̹һѵ
һݡ
Ů޴õ伮ֹĽܣһȺԵĹΪһ㣬ʮѲ


1008 Ѱ
ֻʮ֮ڳУȻһƬɫĹ߷ɿıƽ
ƾʶӣ޷еĶ
һдʣ˫۷˺ɫɫ֮ͫкܿȻһͷͷĹַ䣬ĸɱβȴһɭɭĹǴ̣˲
俴ΪϤķĶ࣬ǰֳϢĹ䣬һʮϤĸоǰƺҲ֡
ˣڵڤأ۾һȻ
ʱʦٵڤ֮Ҳһй֣μǰĹһģһֻǸͷҪСöࡣ
ֻֻǸ·ҪƵаɡʮСӵıδ󺺶ӳ
Щ䣬ÿһֻɢڳ֮˶浤ٵʿǾϺҲһʱġ
˷׷׵ͷݹ͵̧ߣӷȺϷ۶
Ⱥ˿Ҳˣɫŷ¡¡Χ˹ȥ
ȺȺֵķΧĶ˶ݹԶȺƶٶȣ׷Ϲ֮ǰ˳
ӿˣôȺĹ仹ټԽݻ׿ĹȺµ˵
ڴ˿̣ȺȻɳʮͷĥ̴Сĺɫ䣬Ѹޱȵ˶ٶ֮Զֻͬ࣬Ǽ˵
СģǹȺеķ佫ÿһֻʵȻڵʿӴһ֮Ȼתɫâʢ
һɫⶸȻ֣һ˸Ϊ޽ԽΪļתɲǼ仯Ϊһ޴ޱȵĻɫԲ̣˶ʮͷ佫һĶͷ˽ȥ
ۡЩ佫ӲֽͬһٷĽһ飬ż켸ͬʱʮͷ佫˲ʳĩ̻һѷ鿪ʧӰ١
һĻҲԾ
Ҫ˲Ϣ֮ɱ˶໯ڷ佫Ҳ޷ʿȻֻ浤Ϊͨȴ˿С
ߣ˶ķ佫ɱѾ˷Ⱥеķע⡣΢΢Ĺ򣬱ߵĴߴ֮ٴδ
߻䣬Ⱥ֮ԶԶĴһĳ
ɫһ䣬ӿݹ⣬ǰ۶ȥ
ȺͬӵѶһ㷢¡¡ĺɿĵת׷϶ȥ
һʱ֮˦ƹ֮һĹȺЩŲ·΢ƫһ㷽
󣬼ʮźűݵĿĵضȥ
һ·֮ϣָĹϮг̱˺ܾãһĿĵصʮźűʱȼȶʱȻ˼ʱ
ʮźűһشĳǱռԼ߰ĶС˿ѾһƬ棬֮һЩԫϱڣΪ˵ǣѿһʮɵľ޴ѷ죬ӱݷᴩ
ηڰգ·Σӹһ˿⡣
޴ĵѷȻʩγɵģƱǶΪܱһ˴ıݳƻ
֮⣬˵صȽǸ˱Խ˵ľ֮ǿʶҲֻ̽鵽ʮķΧ
·һĬĬתڤŽɲ֮ɢ
ʮźűǰǰɣʱʹõΪ̵Ĳϣȴƻ⸱ģ˴ĶʵǿᣬӦòֹһ浤Ķͳ졣δڷ֮Уϸһ˵
ΣеפصѾȫˣ¶Է󾳹˧Ҳһ֮ܿѪ̾˿
ĹʿѪʵսܵʿֱӷʳɡ
λڲǸпʱҵʧ컯ѰҴӣһѾҪˣھһѰ컯ɡ߲˵
δ󺺺Զһۣ¶һ˿죬ǵ˵ͷɻ˰ա
컯Ĵͽܵ˸ţ͵طݾϲƲ⣬ΧӦԱΪģԲ֮ڡֵ˵
ΧȻ󣬲˵Ũأʶ̫ܵ󣬺ŴĸӦ顣˵ţһȡöɫӡ
²˳٣Ͽ춯ѰҰɡδɫص˵
ҿһǷɢѰҵĺáߺĿ˵
δɫ΢䣬Ҳüͷһ壬׿֣˵ѾʱпֶܳţǷɢӵĹ֮
ΪˣҵȲҪҵ컯ȻϻؽˡɫѶˡ
ԣٸɫҲЩѿӳ֣ǵûʸġ
ӵһۣ漴ƿĿ⣬ǷɢһжԶν
ڵʵټɽ鷨ţֻҪ󾳹˧ǿߣʮֵա
һǾֿжСӸԸ̽һ
ʱ߱һԲĴСӵݺһƬӵɽطȥеԽݶ˵ͷ󣬱űѸʧԶ
׿ͷͨĿڴ˵صƣҪҵ컯ռ͡δĿӱԶȥķ򣬿е˵
һЦ´ʣűδһֺ󣬱˳űһƬشȥ
δҲܿҲСӣҲһƬַȥ
ڽشһſֱȡ˸ӦԲ飬չ˵̺Ƶ
עԲ֮УԲ֮һ⣬ɢһεĲΧɢ
ӦܹɢΧʮʹʶΧ˲١
һ߿ŸӦһŤ׳·ȥ
ʮźűݸͼ֪һƬƽΪƽ̹࣬Ψһ˵ĵڴ˴ĸֹûĶš
գǲģһʱڼֻһЩСεֻɱˣû鷳
ٹһʱ˻ǲ¶ƣ֮ɫ
ϾӦԾĲСǶǼٵʿ߶ҲЩԲ
֣ǲͣƬ̣ϢټѰΣٸ϶΢΢¶ƣ֮ɫһɵ˵
ԣĿһɨһ˵ҲãϢƬ̣ʱټҪעΧİȫ
˵ͷ˻֡
ٸ˷׷׷ųʶܷɿ̽һȦûзκ쳣Űĵ·ϡ
ʱȣϯ׷ȡָĵҩĿȡָĵķ;


1009 
ʦܲϢһ𣿡ӿվŵһۣ˵
»Ǻƣ֧ŵסһЦ
ǿԶͬףлʶȻûиеࡣ
˿̵ȡһöʶ͸˽ȥ
ڽǵһҵ֮и߼һͼа˲ٴռϢĵͼȻ꾡ܶࡣ
֮ǰСӵķ䣬Ѿ֮̽һСӦҲˣǵСӶûκη֡
˼֮ʱдЫļˣһͷڿǡ
Сĵ£
ȻĿ˲䶢ס֮һƬأڵ
δ䣬䡱һ춯صľ촫
ǰʮɷΧĵȻӲȥһ󶴣һӰܳȻһͷӴĻɫ档
ͷĥ̴СſѪڣҧڱĿĺ칭󺺡
ڴѵ˲䣬ѻȻѡ
칭ڿǰһѪϷŴ󣬸ɫһ䡣
Ҳս鼫ḻˣֻǵһϺɫâţִ֮۳һĹ֡
꣡
ɫȻ£̸ֳƣҪ̱
Ƭ̵ĵ飬˻ɫˡ
͵һһĿɫߴһȻһִɫӾͷᴩ£ɫһ֮£һƫſܿ
ڴʱһХһڻͷȭӰһȻ
һĹ
ӴӲɳȥͬʱɫһĴ䲱һͷ­ȻһΪ֮⡣
ɫͷѾŤѣϵ֫鴤º󣬱û˶
ӵһӣһɫâವһ˻ڡ
һߣϻƵĺҲɢջ˻ȭͷ
칭󺺵ſɵգȻ·Ѿȥľᡣ
ᣡձС˵ĸг˺¡
Ҳѹ֣ڶڶ޹֮УǱɱߵĳƺš
ΪΪҼóǱ͵ϮֻҪڵ£浤ʿҲ޷ʹʶӦʶĴвٻ浤ʿ
л֣ѵľ֮칭֣صĶһ
һߵĺٸˣɫҲЩм֮ɫ
ʦܺα˿Ƿ֮£˴λǶʦˡӲĻ֣ĿһɨֿһԵ
˵Щʲôɫһַһɺ˹ѵͷƬ֮󣬾סһȭͷСĺ򣬷˻ȥ
ˡɫһϲԵ
⻹һִӹеõ˼ˣҲΪ⡣
˼º󣬱㽫ö˽ӡ
СӵԼ⴦ִʱ֮ɶӳͳһ棬ȥٽƽ֡
ʦܣǱ£βģӽӹ˺󣬳ʵ
칭Ҳ¶һ˿棬ոһ칭󺺼пܱĿС
·ֵģһֻϵ裬ӦΪ񡣡΢һҲû
ӵĿЩȻ
飬ȻûϢˣܿʼǰ̽ȥ
֮һͣһƬɫϿա
Ѿȫ̽һ飬ȴһ
Ӵ˿ǰһɫ̣ɢİ׹⡣
̹âȻһ渡ֳ˼С֡
СҲѾѰһ飬Ҳûҵ컯̣ҡҡͷ˵
컯⸽ˡձø˵
ЩΪȻ
Ѱ컯Ͳһ£ɳ֧СһͬѰԭ򶨵ΧҲֻ״̬δѰҵҲʵ
ȻѾȷ컯ڱΧǲһЩѰ򣿡깫Ӹ罫һΣ৵һ򿪺˼µ˵
߲ȥϹһνףܷ̽ϢʱٸȻڽ
ⲻ󺺵һӦ
ϹǳĽƻҵȻһνףõʱ˷۱ˡձȻûзԣһ
ȻϢͷ֮ҲѾǵһˣ˵ĻܸСǰҵ컯ˡӵͷ
༸ԣΪǵĵ˵ͷӵ£
ӳ֪ɸСӹͬɵһѰĿĶʹͣѰٶȣʣֶأȻҲͰװ׵Ļʱ뾫ˡӸЩɻ֮ɫǰĽ͵
ϹӦĳֹɣףЩȻתһʵ
Ĺڶ࣬ʵȽȶŵڹȻҪöˡһЩͽ׵Ĺʿսг䵱ڻңʧջȴСö֮һЩ㲻Ըⱻ޳ʹʿͶŵսʹ£ԸʿһЩסͨ˵һЩ޵ľѪ߹ĵͽ׷ǽʱܽԼһЩϧϡӸĵĸ͵
ȻԷǵͽ׹ʵӦòǿ컯ҵȶӵѰ޷ҵϹкܹͨ䡣°ͣЩɻ󲻽⡣
Ϲ˵ʵ£ﻷʮֵϤ츳ĿͨɱʿʶҪõĶˣԾΪʹáӸĵ˵
ˣȻҶûˣǾͳɣһһҪС֮ǰ컯ҵ깫Ӹ˵ĹҲ༸һϹ׿ֵܳͻֱ˰š
֪һϹλãɡŮӵһ󣬱תһƿնߡ
żźɡĴ󺺹һЦҲǻһݹ׷ȥ
Ҷ˸ɾܺã߰ɡˬʵһЦҹһڿն
ˣȻ˿иĻһڹȥ
һʱ䣬һɫĶݹ⣬·ʰ쵵Ĺϼһƽ𣬲һٵƿУŶ۶ȥ
ڴش֮⣬һƬ߰һĻɫɽ
һȥɽϴݲǹͺͺһƬһҺɫƲĸգʹԭѹѹո
ɽĺ󷽣һƬռʮĶСԲκˮɫɢ˿˿Ϣ
ںΧѻһ󲻹СаߵС֮࣬Щ涼һһС·ֲڿпһ涼İƬΧ
Ǿʿһ˾ȻһϳϹѨڡ


1010 Ϲ
˿̺룬ʮŻɴССϣһֵָɫˮԴԴϵĴӺƮȻ֮С
ÿһŻɫ֮УԼɼһɵĹͷ
ЩͷϷûбӣֻһֻ䣬ͷ­һͫĿͷ֮һֻȭͷСĶĿţԵ쳣졣
Щһ˷ܵĻζԴһŵɫˮһζӡ
ʱԶʴһ̶ƿȴǻɫɽϷ䣬һɫĹӶĳ֡
ãƺʿˣһŻ֮Уһŵһ
ţɫ׹ȥۡһɢбĳһֻ̣ͨŸ弫ƴԴĹԴģȻͷŻеĹͷһģһ
Щ˿еϹˡ
˹һԳΣȲĳһԵĳ֮һ롣
һЩɫҲǷ׷ɢбĳͬϹһķ׷༸֮С
ǼĹƬϿգʣ¼ԴһЩĻɫˡ
ߣʲôţҪǣͲڴ˴ˡҿأµˣһֻ˫̹ͫһһ˿ûоɫһҡԴһĳȥֱӭȥ
ȺСǷƵĻֵˣʿʲôˣһŻУһֻ˫ͫѪɫĹͷҲһЦ׷ȥ
ʣµļŻеϹһԥҲСĸȥֻǾֻϹԱһСξ롣
Ƭ֮ƬϿգɫĶݹһͣ¶Σһˡ
ǰһֳ˼ֻϹΡ
λԶ׵İɣ˵˵ҪʲôϢδ˿ڣֻ˫ͫѪϹȻһĿ˵
ֻϹȻļֻ˼֣ҲֻҺΪӣˣвδֳ˿ĵ֮⡣
ǸúܣһΣǵģݿݻƵʿһЦ׵һսָһһҹһ
һĽ֮
˫ͫѪϹͷ֮һĿĻҹҫۣһɵľ޽ӭ籩ǣ΢΢һ󣬱㻯һɫһն¡
ǡ
ѪɫͫĿϹ˲ɫͻ䣬ĻɫһͷĶĿȻ䱩һֱ۴ϸѪɫһӿֱӭӭĻɫ硣
һ죬Ѫɫڻɫҵײ֮£գۼ仯˵âɢ
ҹһ
һΪ˫ͫѪϹҲĴӿ׹䡣
λӳֵɱֻѪͫϹһĹͬͫϹڵ༸ֻʱɫ䣬æһŻɫ淽ƿնӡ
ӳʲôǲҪϹ𣿡󺺴˿̿عһȵʵ
㶼ЩϹѾ޼ɵ̸ˣٲЩɫһҪűˡձߵͳһЦ˸ﴫ
һԵӳûκ΢΢һκ󣬱һӰȵĳֻӴܵıͫϹǰ
һһ⼤֮еһת󣬻һֻɫԲһ£ʱ㽫ֻͫϹС
öԲǵľ޸ã˵ֻһͨļƷסͽ׹ﻹǴ´ˡ
Щʿã֮ǰ˵ǺƽദǸṩ鱨ԶӦԴôͫϹһŲ󣬶ɫԲİɫâ˻ȥʱܻ˻
ŶҿɲǵôԼṩҪ鱨ȷʵԷһ·һεĳһԣлɫСһգĿ˵
벻һһҿеõϢֱǳ룡ͫϹ˿Ҫ鱨ͫһת£ƺ侲˼֣¶ֲм֮ɫĻص
ԣһÿɷ飬ĽȭͷһգɫԲ֮һԲȻսһСȦ
𣬲ҪͫϹ״϶ʱ¶˾ֵɫŵĴе
˿̣ͷ­Բѹ֮£ŤΣʮͷһȭͷСصĹͣ
Ȼ˲ϣǿֻѰϵˡ˵Ľȭͷ߬˼֡
źɫԲԽԽСɫͫĿϹͷ­ѾŤȫӣҴ˻
·Ƭһ
λĵ
ʱһСĻ·ĳһڹ
ŻɫɢϢеϹӦлΪֻСκһˣҪϲֹһˡ
ӳʹ˸ɫʾ佫ԲɿͬʱһξŻӭȥ
Ϲˡһߣձߵ˵
ԭǹˣǺþòˣŮӿһЦҲһεĳһȥ
գۼ䣬Ůӳ˱һǰһĽΧм䡣
λԶʲôҪϹһæģܿڱǣαǿжأ
ɫһ֮£Ȼ¶һͬͷСĹһԴռһСģϹƣֻ쳣ϣͷһֻĿŵĽâ
ҵȷʵЩ飬ֻɲǹʲô˶ܺҵȽ׵ġɫһĿ˵
ǺǣȷǱдȣǿֻͣҪʵļǮԵΪλṩ鱨ġ֪ɷλȽСſ֮ҵȿԴӳ顣ϹСǰһʮֿ˵˿᷽űնɱĺͫϹ
ԣɫ׳һۣ˵ͷ
һУɫԲһ󣬱㻯һֻͫϹϷһɻС
ͫϹһһæһŻâҲƵӻ˺ߵĳУӰ
лλѣλ˴Ҫȡʲô鱨࿴ܷϡϹˣɫֹ˼֣˵
һݱ٣ʧһֻ컯Ǵ˵ز̫ԶϢͨˡҵȴ˷ǰΪѰֻ컯֪ܷΪṩһЩˣвٹ巨֮ǰս֮ʱɻģȿɡʿ˵ţһһɵĲУһӸϹ
ϹɫֻɫɱСֽӹͫϲɫһš


1011 ϹĽ
ԵƬ̣ھȥдһǷ֪컯ϢϹ䣬תһŻһߵȺгȥ
ˣüͷ΢΢һ壬ȴޱԭصȴû˿ĵӡ
õģЩϹʵǿӵС֮˲ܣ޷ڴ˴ˡӶĽ͵
ȻҲеĵֻϹ̬˹Щ
һյĹһŻٴδȺмӴСϢжϣֻϹ
λѣѾѯеȷ˷컯ֻ֮֮ͬʱطС϶Ҳ֪һһǼ٣ǽʧ˲ֹһֻ컯һ£Ϲ΢΢һȭ˵
϶ƭǰɣŮԣʱŭ
С϶ٴĵӣҲλġöб¼ַڣλǰȥһѰ֪١߲δΪŮӵĻŭǱϹϾȡһöɵ˫ֵݸӡ
ӽӹ򣬽ڶͷ֮ϣʶһɨ֮󣬱Уת˵
ߣ
䣬㻯һɫݹĳĳƿնȥ
ŮӼӳȻЩԸҲֻٵϹһۣһŤһ׷ȥ
ʣ¼λˣҲûж˵ʲô׷׻˸ɫĶݹƿնߡ
С϶ӭλ´Ϲһȭȴײĳ鶯һ£ٴλһŻķ˻ȥ
תۼ䣬ԭɫϿٴΰһûˡ
ͬʱһԷɿٶϱһƬߵĴַɶݶȥ
ӳϹʮּ黫թλ깫Ӹ硣Ȼڶݹпʵ
ﾭͷϢ飬οЩԻͷƵϹˣոȻϹչʾһѱϹ岻תͷǵϢţͼ
Ҫ˵컯Ȼǲܵģһ϶ҵ컯ġطڶŻԾķΧ֮ڣϹδز˽֮ҵأΪ䲿ڱ˼ӵһЦ˵
ǶӳΪβϼһｫ򽻳֮󣬽նɱŮЩ޷޵ʵ
˵ЩϹթ쳣ηͱ֮£ֻһҲȷ֤ݣֱ֣ṩ鱨ʵģӱܹҵһЩġǽһټպĵͽ׶Ҳˡӻ͵
˱˵ߴ߶ݹ⣬תۼǰַΧ֮С
Ƭ಻Ĵƺûоͷһ㣬һȥǻɫһƬ
λСˣݴǰϢвٹûв߽׶ͳ졣ʿųʶǰһɨ֮£˴ѵ
ԣȻ˽䱸̬˶ٵļǰȥ
һʱ󣬵˷ɹһɽʱڿɽĵϳһʮɴСĶڣƺһӣӱײڶĲ֪ǳ
ͬʱеĸӦǿҵķӦ˴ĿĽ⣬ͬʱѡ
һ̽Ѱĵط컯֮ءձ߼״Ŀһø˵
˼ҲǴϲ׷׽¶ݹһͣųʶ׵ľ޿ɨȥ
޴󶴿Χвٹͺͺľ֦ɣӱɻҺɫʯ̳ɣһƴ̹ǵĻɫȪˮһӾ޿ðԭʵﾹȻ۳״̬
ڰɸ߿еˣֻһ˿˿Ϯʵ˺ë亹ֱ
Էųʶɢֻɱ㱻ɢӦײȻ޿еŨ̶ܳҪԶԶطˡ
˴Ũ˵ЩΣա˫ĿһУһƤ˵
ʦ˵û˴ܻܿи߽׹ڡҵȶУȴЩ̫ðˡξȥһˣפؽ䱸ɡʿһ˵ķԸ
ձԣ໥˼ۺ󣬼ͬʱͷǡ
ȥɡһǿѰ棬һЩġȴȻ㿪˵
һʱ˺ٸ˵ĲĿ⡣
ʦܣŨ·һйĻʵġȷҪȥ𣿡ʿԣҲһ¶ЦЦɫ
ûϵĳķ壬ǹ˵ȻŨӰҲޣжӳĻ²ܸӰĵġ΢΢һЦĻص
⻰һڣúٸʹɫЩѿˡ
ԣǶʵ󲻷ĵģ
ձޱ飬δղŻһ㡣
湫Ӹ磬ȴֻǺٺһЦѡ
ȻʦѾҲˡ淢޷ӦԵκβأ̻صڴӦж䡣
Ȼ¾ȥȥͻصġ
һЦһȭϷ˹ס壬һԾֱ·޿֮׹ȥ
ͺٸ䣬漴˱һεɢɿû˶ڸ
޿Ӹٴλָ˴ǰ
˹֮У˶ξͣΣһһŲýзɾ
аһֻƴСЫӣǻΪ˱Ы
Ы䵽ʱȻǴ˳˴СȫŵĽɫҫۣ·ȫȼŽɫĻһ㣬ԭЫͷֵĽڱǴ˿̳ЫͷһĿĽɫ⣬쵽ǰ֮Զ
Χһ⣬·ѩ㣬Ѹٱ˿
ǰ龰ɫɵΪ֮һ䡣
ո֮ԻԸµҪѰ컯ҪеЫ֪ӦʲôͷϵĽڱͻȻѣ˼޿ӵͼƺ֮Ķ
һ£ڤǾڤ壬˴ֻҪ󾳵ĹʵԱģŸԸµͦ
ڴʱЫ˫Ŀһһʢ֮£һģԲ˼ٶȳ·ȥ
Ыȵ
ȻʱĹЫĺȫǳţ󣬱ûǰĹ֮С
ɫ䣬ϺһŨӿٶȼ׷ȥ
ȻЫٶȼ죬ת֮ʧ֮⡣
һ߼߶ݹǰ׷ȥһ߰ľ
޿ӳϵӽ붴ڵڣѾ·ɣûпײԽ£ΧԽŨء
ʶѾ̽飬йϮǾ֮ˡ
ͷת䣬Ϲ⻪̼Ⲽ֣΢ɡ
һ¸ֳɫâɫ׹˸˺Χٶһ峯·׷ȥ
޿ӼǱֱ£ԽԽխҪټӿ켸ٶȣ·ȴȻһһµ޺֮
ȻЫ


1012 Ȯϣ
ţ·ΧҲҽֳһҵС
ɫº½âţ·ȫٶУһ㵽˾޿ӵײ
·һĻȴɵĿ
ӵ׵İУЫȻ޴ɢĿĽ⣬һԾһӰĶһֻɫȮ﷢˷Ľ
ɫȮˣӦһͷ浤Ŀ¹ͱЫγɣŨīĹת鲼ĺɫǴ̣ÿһ߳·ɭɭһ¡
֮⣬ȮβһɳһβֻǰצҲųצշɿ䣬͡ƿβҲ·һ㣬Χ裬Ыľ
һ۲£ȴͷȮСЫƺΪη壬һٷģ
ʵʵ̫ȻȮЫ֮£ԵЩηηЫɫ棬βĵߣȻ޷ͻƾȮһǰצ;βɵܷ
ңʱƣЫʱʱǰצ;βľĵ˲ѣϺȻѾ˲ٵ˺ۡ
ǰ龰һݣĿ⳯һһɨһϲ
ֻռײһͷ­СԲκɫʯͷмҵɢŲͺǣԼɼһЩʿķΣһɢŵâĶһĥ̴СĽɫۣԼ¼µķġ
컯ȻطĿȴܿջأٴοսŴ
ЫĹȻңʵѾ᧿ΣȮƺ˷˽η壬ʼַ
зһХ󣬺ɵĳˡ
˫ȻһӣǰֳɫУÿһöжŰС͵ƿźɫȮǵصϯȥ
ͬʱһ֣˫һʮɳĺɫһжȥ
ɫʵϸǸֳһöö޴ۼף֣ʵ޼ˡ
ͷкХµͬʱ͵һţȻΪһӰžȮȥ
ɫȮѷĴڣֻԭæŵЫĿը˿һڵĹһ˲öЫϽĴĿβȻһΪһɫӰʵʵĳЫϣ顱һһɡ
ţȮȻһתֱ漤кɫԣһţһһȦȦããп
ȷɫзһӴ̷׷Ѷ𣬺ڵĺɫҲűɫһ룬ͬ顱顱Ա
Ƭ̼ĹһѾ۽˺ɫȮǰɷΧĿâһɵĵһץϹһֽͳС
ֱһʮɫ˲ڰΪһ壬ΪһС
ͺһֱֽ۳·һӣ޴дװ¡¡콵һ±㽫ɫ˿Ҳûͣ٣žȮݺնȥ
ֵ߶ֽն£̿νһǳɣû˿දͬȷõһ㡣
ɫȮиֳһ˿ɫֻǰצһ̧һ裬ʱСצӰһݺײɫ֮ϡ
¡
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Ȯβһްľβдһɿһصĳ鵽µɫϡ
һ죬Χʯ£ȮβͱһɾݺݵķأȻնһơ
ɫȴҲһʹ˺Ȼɢ
ɫȮ˦˼βͣ໵ʹ֮ȻɫȻ飬Ҳ൱˺
ڴ˿಼̣ХԶһģȻĵһģһӰһ̳ںɫȮܡ
ĵӰͬʱһͺȣɫٴһʱɫӰžȮ¡
ХӰȮ˷ֵˮйͨûжء
ȮΣзһ޺ӴȻһΪһԲľ޴򣬲ȻΪ˻Ұɫ
ͬʱ·ɸһ㼱ٶһǴڲȻ׷壬㳯˷
һ͡౬֮ĹǴ̲ܵɫӰݻٴĵӰе˸ǧٿף˲仯Ϊľʹɢ
ֻһӰ֮дһߣɫһεĲӰͬʱϹɿһ˲仯ΪһŴĿڹ⡣
ڹⷽһͣڡ䡱һֱӱѶԼγװС
ಡƿУĹǴһںڹУţ뺣κӰˡ
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ԭŹǴ̵ĵطֳܼĺɫߵ㣬ߵĴкɫѿðƺǴڻ
ڿΪĹǴ̹ûջԤЧ󣬲Ȼŭͳ˻ҪкжʱȻͷһȰһ֡
ֱȻһ£ĻХУֻ¥СĺɫͷӰѪڵһ£ƺ֮
˷һ֮Ϻڹţٴһ˸ΪһӰɿΧžһһžȮ˹
ɫȮ͵һ̧ףһţٴηóһȦȦĻҝͷӰС
ۡۡͬʱֻɫͷڻɫУ˲һŤĻΪ˺Ѷˡ
ţɫȮͷ­һתҧסһ˻ĺӰ
顱һ
ɫӰ£һھȮɢȻһӰ
ʱһͷͻȻһϹһһʮɳɫһն˺ɫȮ
羧Ө͸ɢžҴܣȻȸոյɫ޽Ƹ
ܹ֮ӰȻʩչ˽һ֮һֻͷӰ֮У
δ£һ溮ޱȵĽһ£ɫȮ¡
һʣһ㣡
ȮһĻعҪ跨ɫ磬ѾˣֻܿзһŭľβһһڵĹâ·޴ǰһݺɫ硣


1013 Ȯ£
֮УһЦ
ͷȮĹβȻҲͣոѾֽľ޽նˣٱʹĳֹͨǿ˼֣ܵס˽һһ
һӣɫһڶ赭дΧβĹǰתһȦ
꣡Ȯβʱسء
ɫҲһ٣նļ΢΢ͣһ¡
ɫȮ˲βľʹ֫һſһҪź󷽵ȥ
ͨղһĽ֣˹Ѿ֪ǰƱԼĶ֣ʵǿĿ£رûǵϬɫ⣬ȫΪӲĹβҲնˣһָ޿ɵֵĸо
ڴʱͻ
ںɫȮ˲䣬·ʯУ䡱һɫʯ˷ըѿһ£ƴСĹЫӴмһͳ˾ٴȮǲ֪ʱָԭСЫ
ЫȻǴβΪ˽ӲɫȻһ
͡Уʮļ˲䶴˾ȮĻûΪС֮С
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һ˲䣬ԶɫƵһžȮһơ
Ȯϵʹһ̣һȦѪ䲱֡
ͨһ˶ͷ­һᣬͬйһµµӴһ·ʯУʯ̳һƽϢ
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źɫȮʬ壬ʶһɨȷĲ󣬳һ
ʵǿᣬԷ˵Ѿ浤ʿˣֻϧվ㣬Ҳ޷˸ɾĽնɱˡ
ڴʱڰеЫͷڱȻţĴĿ⣬·ϯȥ
Ȯʬڽ֮£Ѫ죬˹
Ы˷ܵĵ֮ſڷһеĺˮһӿĿС
ǰΣüͷ΢壬ûֹ
ȻΪЫ֮ǰ˾޵ѣӵһЩػŽֱӿƹģֻȮѪƺĪǰŻֵ
ֱ仯ǺǻҲ޷Ԥ⣬ĿǰΪ֮һƺڳźõķչ
ЫѺ˴֮ѸٵĻָԭ״ɢԽԽǿĽ⣬ȮʬҲ֮ۿɼٶȣѸڻˡ
˶ͷ­Ҫȫ֮ʱವһһɫĹмѸޱȵĳž޿Ϸȥ
ߣ
âһĹȻͷȮľǣҪֽɱˡ
֪ɫĹոշɳûԶЫһſڣһһŵĻк
֮дʹ֮ļ֮Ƭ֮Ĺ·ĭһѣΪ˵ɢ
ˣ¶һ˿֮ɫЫԹЫĿƣԶԭԤ֮⡣
ʱɫȮʬȫʧһҲЫȥʱ˺۲ѾָɫǸɢһɾӨĹâ
ˣЫϹâһ󣬱㻯ΪһɴŮģ˫ӣ¶ɫ
ѾͷȻһͷ浤ˣ¶һ˿Ц˵
һΣ˾޿ӵزʯУַһɺסе컯һᡣ
ΧĺɫԲʯ컯㱻ϡ
컯һֻ֣һ
ֻĥ̴СĽɫۣвǧӡ
ֻɢ⣬ײ¼һ֮ķͼȻԷΧ
֮ϣһۣҲ֪ǷǶƻġ
ϸϸеĽ𲧣޿ϷȴһХ֮
ˣˣЫнһƺܿ͸ͷĹתͷ˵
Ӧ˸ոյĴ鿴ЫȽɡһ˼ķԸ
򲻵ѣɲ뱻˿Ыģ
Ы˵ͷΪһɺƤ֮С
֮һɫƿΧڽ䵭ֱӽնӳݹУȴձߺǸ깫Ӹ硣
϶һŰɫγһ֣Χ⡣
ʦܣеĽɫۣиֳһ˿ϲɫ漴кһ
ʦ֣ôˣûʲô°ɣ˵ͷ¶ɻɫʵ
ոոӦ·˴ЩĲ£Ժλʦһ鿴һ£ѾˡĿ⳯Χȥһ˿â
޿ӵײĴӣΧĿӱһĽۣʾŸոսļҡ
붴ڣҲĹѡ
ձߺ깫ӸһۣٿĿУʱһЩη
Ƕ˼ʹſķ޿ӵײԾɸеЩӲжЩ㣬˵Ｄˡ
̾˵صĹѾʦܻɱˣȴ֪ǸʲôĹӿĿһɨߵײͿռ䣬ȴûз˿кʵ
һͷɫȮϳ˹Ǵ̣һһľβʬ屻ȥιֻˡû򵥵ĽɫȮòһ¡
˵ʮа˾һͷҰˡԣһ˿֮ɫ˵
ŶԭɶӳҲ˹üͷһʵ
ǻʮǰĳոս浤ʱһαĻսʱԶԶһ󾳹˧һֻޣòʦһ޶ֻӦ浤ڵӣҾвٻ浤ӱСһ£֪ΪĴ͹ӵ浤ʵû뵽ʦ㾹ȻܶԽɱһ˵ţһ˿֮ɫ
ɶӳˡ΢΢һЦ˵ĿɨȮʬ巽ŵĵطĿһһУʯзɳһͷ­Сĺɫˡ
Σһ˿⣬ֻȮˣԭΪͬʬ嶼Ыȥ
ʱΧŨأδɢЩɫԲʯһ𣬲ϸֱ治
ףӴ˵ĴСɢ⡭ѵʦɱһͷ浤ڡԣ浤ڵޣĿ⿴еĺɫˣĿڲ˼֮ɫʵ
桭浤ڣ
ձߺ깫Ӹԣ׷¶˾ɫ
ܵɱһͷ浤ڵޣǻǿܡ
ϾԵСκһ˵ʵԸһͷǲߵ浤ڹмܰ쵽ġ֪ɱһͷ浤ޣһ˶̵ʱڣǾ̫˼ˡ


1014 ǽ
ţͷȷʵ쳣ȴֻ浤ڶѡ֮ǰ˴Ǯ˼ƹıŲϧһеһը£Эܽҽⲻɱ˸˵
ձߺ깫ӸȻЩţĽͺϵľ֮ɫȥһЩ
ô˵ö˿ʦܶԻɱȷʮǿŵһӵţȻʵ飬ĳһЦ˵
ձߺ깫Ӹ˵˼̾˵ǰ˻ЩίߵĻ˿ȴȫȻķڷˡ
λˣȻѾҵ컯Ǿ뿪ɡϰԵǫѷһ䣬Ȼ󻰷һתĽ
̫أȥٴӳɡĿеĽɫɨһۣ˵ͷ˵
˾رʦţԱһʧ
һ֣컯Ӹӣɵ˵
ɫһĿһۣҲûпĽ컯С
˽ûмʱ䣬׷Ԧݹ⣬ž޿ϷɶݶȥһɳŨصľ޴Ӷ
ɶӳѣǻˣٸͱ󺺼״æӭ
εˣһֳŽ컯˵
̫ˣ˷ǰ֮ǰҵ컯û뵽ϹȻûгǡٸˣһ˿˷ܺΣ˵
Եı󺺣Ҳ¶˸˵ı顣
ϲĽΪƵģ˲´Ź׵⣬һЩ֮˴жҲȿֺˡ
˵׻Ƕʦܣǹƥɱһͷ浤ڵޡ˴λȥҲʵλʦʦġؿڱ֤
ǾͶлʦˡһЦ
˿ڽеҲȷʵҪһͷ䳹УҲвСİ
ٸʹ浤ڼ֣ҲǴһ
ܹ˶ʱڶԻɱһͷǿмλ浤ϣҲġ
ˣȻˣǻǲܴ⣬̷ؽǣµ뿪˵ٴӳ顣ɫܿ侲˵
ԣҲһݣ׷׵ͷơǡ
ˣʦ֣Сô죿ǷҪ֪ͨѾҵ컯΢һ˵
ô֪ͨˣˣ߰ɡ˵ţֱһӣ»ɫⷺΣ㳯Žǵķ򼲳۶ȥ
˼ˣ׷״߶ݹȥ
ܿ켸˵Ķݹ⻯Ϊ˼㣬ʧ˰С
Ǽ뿪ͻȻһŨһ󷭹ֳһģӰ
ɫת䣬Լɼһͷ綷İС̷СһֻϹ
ֻͷһɫһת΢΢һ̣漴һ֮£㳯뿪Ϣŵɳ۶ȥ
ʱӲĻߴϿգһ߶ݹ⣬ۡ
ȷɽֶķǰٸм䡣
һһƣ˶ɫȻ֪Щʲô
û뵽˷˳ȥȡʹͺҪϲչһʱգܾƿƺôһ˿ɶˡˬʵ˵üԵ֮ɫ
СҪȹϲˣǵͻƿɵСȥһλϿһЩϦݣٸԣЦ
˵⻰̫ˣԼˣαôأõĻص
λ湫Ӹ磬ֳֽȵȻȶЦĿǰˣԵձȴƺûʲô飬üͷЩ΢ɨӡ
õѣôкβ𣿡ͻȻǰӵ˹
ɶӳ֪ǷϷĴܾЩԾ˴·һСϪǰǸոշɹձԣĿٴɨһºø˵
һԵ湫Ӹ磬Ǳĵı󺺶ˣһ׷·ȥ
һƬǰҾͼŻ˵ġһ֮£Ҳǲ˵
ô£Ӧòôɺϰɣٸ˫΢΢һ죬ɫһĵ
ô˵ҲоΧƺŨЩ̫깫Ӹ罫ֽȡžһ˫ü˵
˵Ķû룬ǿѾǽˡнһһٵͣ˰գعͷ˵
ǽ󣡡
˷׷ͣ˶ݹ⣬ȫһ
˵ǽڴǰ͵Уϸжû뵽һִԼˡ
Ƕйõһй󣬴ڶȫͷŴһƬȫУ˵Ұʶһ۴һһ浤ΪĶͳѿء
нйشɿĹһ飬˫Ŀһкͫкâһ𸽽һƬ߰һɽ
ʱɽϿգȻһƬɵŨ޷κζ
һɨ󣬷ƬŨһ˶ޱȵľԲԶԶУϸ۲£Բڻĳмš
ϴǰӼ־ȻĹǽһģһ
ձߵȫһֽ䱸ģ
ڴʱܻȻһӵƿ
ŨУһҹ𣬽һɫȻֶ飬֮࣬ȻһͭеĶʿֳī䵶
Щʿ沿ģ壬Լɼ۾λŻɫâƺѵأһվλ൱໥֮ľԼ߰ɣͬʱϵĻɫ໥ᣬȻǽľںһ
⣬ÿһʿԻһɫĳëȮĿ¶׹⣬м¶
Ϊ׵Ķʿͨ巢ڣ֮ߣɫûĿǣһȭͷСɫĿǰٵתɢһǿҵֱ浤ھ硣
Ȼһ߽׶ͳ죡
һһ̧ųڣ͵һָ
һ̣жʿ˫ĿˢˢĻƹʢһţŴСһĻɫţַɿʧӰ١
ţ¡¡֮
ס˵ľԲСٶȻ·ľȻģһƬ̧ͷĻҲûһƬ
˲о֮ȥȻҲʼЩģ
ãԷʼ߶ˡЩ֣跨ܿҲֻӲˡձɫøɿ˵


1015 
ǳһֱӳȥаٸü΢Ŀʵ
ǽһֱֺͣײķвͨģŨӰʶͷУջᷢԼֻԭشת⵽Ǳ֮еĶʿ͵Ϯ깫ӸҡҡͷصĿڵ
ɶӳ˵°ɣҵӦԣ󺺵ָڱ󳤹ϣʵ
λĪţȱţע͵Ϯȥһ´ۣȻҲұ֤ܻɱǸͳ죬ȫƻۣʹɶһ£ػģǽʱŻȥӴһ²ԶģһƬĹʿԥķԸ
䣬ɫһĳȥգۼûŨܵĻ֮УӰ
ˣֻȫ䱸˸ֺ
˵䣬ס˵ԲȻɴСΧҲŨܵĴ̹ʮڣҲ޷Էˡ
ڴʱһ󹷷һഫ
Ũ֮һɫĹâʯܳ߰ĹȮֻĿкһ׷׳ı󺺼ձһ˶
󺺼ˣ֮΢΢һ࣬ͷȮҧڹϵĵһ飬ĳУһֵֻһָ֮һɫĻ۶һɫļ⡣
ֻ䵥һţɫâ㼤ֱӳǰͷȮڼȥ
ձҲĿкһһ飬бһɫȣһ֮£֮ɫ״һֱͷȮıϡ
˳ԾһĻˣ
ЩȮ֮󣬾ȻһģĽ绡ֱڣǰ嵽˶ԣ顱ЩȮȻԱըһɫĹ档
ЩȮȻʵڣһЩûɵġ
һ֮һǿŤ
˲£϶ʱմȾһƬɫ磬һ첢סζ
ţ˷Ļɫ֮УдĹȮӶһ
ٸ깫Ӹ˴֮£Ҳֱһɫȣӭȥ
ֻǰ˵˶ʩչԶ빥ֹЩȮ
˿ѹǰһĻһģ˼ųɽնɱЩʱȻͷһȣڶʱһƬţһͷţӰǳͼڣ
ͷųĳӰ˻һһĴһš
ꡱһһɫ쫷ƾճֻ֣ӭĹȮһ˸С
ࡱһ
Ȯڱ֮Աһɫڳĸвͣתȴ޷ͻƳ
ϢɫʧӰˡ
ӰһƺޱȻϲ
ס
Դ˾ȻһĿɿڴ
⳵ͼھȻЩʵ̫Ԥ֮ˡ
ͳͼ£ȻȻܸоӰд֮⡣
ѵͼڣƺձ߼ˣȴһϲļæ˵
ҹԿ
̫϶Ļһ䣬֮һ
ۡһӰٴδһţһɫ쫷磬ֻȮУһ˿˿ɫҲԴԴϵ˸С
˼״һߵĹȮһ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ʱȴɫһһģϢʧԭء
ţΧһƿɫһԭںݺ£Ȼ˸ա
ЩҲʼˣλСģһߵвһĸֶٸ˷ɿ

仰䣬һҽдȻ󺺡
һ£ĿȥԭڴһƬҷĻ⣬ﻹʲôӰ
ãˣٸ
һɨ£ڣȴֻԼһģӰѡ
û뵽Щø֮ߣλ뾡쿿£⸹ܵУһ
ʱĻѾŨĳ̶ֳȣʶܵ˼ƣ䷢չ½ʰ
䣬зһߣǰһţɫ쫷˷һΧĹȮһɨųһɴСĿռ䡣
Ҳڷȥ
һʱ䣬˺Ѳ֮ڶкɫѣʱɫȮܶӰ
ʩչͼĽӦ£ձߣ깫Ӹ缰ٸȺɿռУֻǱȴҲûгֹ
ʱ˱ĺͼϯ£ΧеĶȮһʱ֮䶼޷ֺ
ȥҲǳ֮ơձڴ߶ȣֻɫ绡һʿĹ˵
£ļ죬Էȴˮ˳£Ҫڴ˵ˡһĺٸҲ˵
Ҳ֪ɶӳǷҵۡ깫Ӹ˿ҲΪǱȲϾһŰСķУҲЩ鼱Ե
ԣȴһﲻֻ˫һɫһͷĹʿһɨ
ƾԼʶڤѻѾԼΧѾĶξȮΧˮйͨҪȥȷҪֽˡ
ȴû˿η֮⣬ʵֶΪĻЩȻ޷סġ
ٸ˿ֵ֮ʣ¡¡һһഫΪ֮һ
ѭȥԶŨܵĻɫһ󷭹ţ֪ʲô˺ѿһĿ׶
͸׶ԼɼԶɵա
ɶӳۣձ߼ˣæø˵
׶ΧԼɼӰػζȻʿ׷׾ۼ³һŻ˿׶֮ϣҪ֮޸
ʧߣ
зɿ˵ţͬʱַһߡ
ֻϷţӰٴһž޿ڣɴСİԲɫϼббϯһǿҵ׶֮һȥΧʿ͹ȮȫƵķ׷ΧС
ͬʱ깫ӸҲˣֻе赭дһתһɫһڰ;ʧټһ̣ȴȻȭͷСֱӡ˿׶
ɫĿ֮£ʱʹ׶һʱ֮޷С
Ůձߴ˿̣ҲϾ˼˷ӿĺɫ⼰Ȯҧּһ㻤ֺһȹ趯һĳɫϼһһָķųһֱ۴ϸߡ
ʱһɫϼӿÿ׶ǰĻһ󷭹
Эĺ£ԭҪֲ׶Ļɫֽһ˲䱻ɢԭĿ׶Ҳ̼䱻Ŵ֮
ߡ
һΣһӰļȥ
Ůӣձ߼깫ӸҲķ׷׼ݹ⣬ȥ


1016 
һ·ĳ嵽ƿǰʱ
ֻΧغɫâһ֪ðʮֻɫȮһĵǰ
ţĺɫ˷ǵصϯ
ˣͫһת䣬һ䣬һĿɾһ֮£ȻһֻСЫӡ
跽һ֣ͷɫͼȻʢһˮͰϸĽɫ֮лɫ˲䱻һɨգϢȻ䱻ձů
ʮֻȮڽһɨ֮£η׷ױķХȴٿ˷ֺˡ
Щǵصĺɫ⣬Ҳձߵʩֵ
ڴʱಡɴСĿ׶һ߰˻Ӱ֣¶һڵĶξΣѸٵĶ˼ǰ
Щʿûǰ˼ٴſ³һŵĻɫһ͵֣ͼΧС
λڴһˣˣˣһȣ˫ǰһ졣
һ쳹ʵ֮
ʮɳĺɫԴһЫһΪһһʮɳĺɫǰȥ
ԳԵ֮ʱһһһŽ⼤Ы
ֻЫͷڽͼ˸ͣƬǰһɨȥ
ԭƿڴʮξȻ⵽׷¶±飬ȴȻվԭδһ£׷дڵǰ
¡¡һ졣
֮ʮξкɫ䵶׷ɢҲڽ֮УʧӰˡ
֮ǰɿ׶ٴαŴ˱
һ£һɫḡֶһɿ£㻯һɫĴƿڴֱӶ
ЫҲΪһŽβ
ٸ˼˴ϲҲ߾ȫ߶ݹĽ¡
Ыͷļڽ⿪·һۺͼսڹһ
ãõƺûг
ڼ˷ɳûԶȴȻ֣ԭˣȴֻʣˣʧٵˣλձߡ
˿̵ĺŮҲһԡѪ˲ӣ깫Ӹ磬ҲڣеҲȻʧɫ
ոһЫջƤ֮УɫһȻһۡ
Զеƿڣۿɼٶȷɿֺȥˣǲʵ顣
ʱһ춯ص죬һɫһƿն󣬾䵽ǰ
ʲôĪǻٴǽ𣿡һֳһɫݻƵĸӣȵ
ɶӳõǡٸһ߶ʧݵ顣
ʲôҪ˵뿪˵˵ȴ̴ٸĻһ»ɫ齣ɳ۶ȥ
˼ˣȻҲֻͬ߶ݹȥ
һʱ󣬼һ·ͣ£ڷƬߴ֡
˶ŷŻ
˷ܹĶСøмٸɫһɣһ
˵ֵֻͨ˵ãȻסЩȮ䲻ҽӽʮֵ깫ӸҲǳ˹֡
ɶӳϧյȥۣҵлӳģֻǿϧáλˡ˰֣˵
ٸ깫Ӹһ뵽˱󺺺ձߣҲɫȻ
û´˴εӦЩϹѲ˸ϵҲգȲ׷ҵȻȷسУ컯ڼλ˵ԣҲ̾һ󣬾ͳ˷Ը
˹ˡʱȴɫһ̧Զĳȥ
Զһһɫ
Ҳһȥٸ͹ӸǾ֮˽䱸̬
Լˣ˼ۺȴȻ˵
ףǡԽݣ˫һк󣬿ֻгһ˿ȡ
ɶӳ֣ɫݹ⼸£ɵ˼ǰȻЩҡҡ׹ļ
ݹȥ¶һݵӣԽ˭
ֻǴ˿̵ڣɫ԰ûһ˿ѪɫһǱģ
ʲôˣ׿ͷأӼˣüͷһʵ
˵ˡԽݿЦ
ԭԽڵĵھСǸ浤ߵĴ£չһ̺ʽ
һһҹ޹СӼȥһϹĲ䣬ϧؽһ£Ҳǵ֪ܳ컯ĵط
طȻ뵱ʱϹṩĵصһ޶
ȻھСȴûˣȥĵһطǡҲйפһս󣬵ھС˵ɢ˿
˵ھСӵ깫ӸٸһȻĻһۡ
Ҳɫ΢΢һ䡣
ԣȻκ˵ԴӺЩ򽻵пûٳԿڻǻò鱨ʶԴһֻ۱һֻۣʹЩĵôߡλȥԻλϣܾͰưոݵġԽѸһͬؽǡ
лɶӳԽԣ¶м֮ɫһҾص˵
һպһмһ·ɱ£ٴλص˽һСϡ
վڴ˵أԼɼǽ̻Ի͵ĺΰģ
һ·ϣһЩε䵥СعȻֻɱˡ
кŮӼԽݸ˿ɱ⣬εҲ˺ֱӻɱԷ˵ĻᶼûиȻΪ磽ĵķ
ԴˣȻһܲ˵ӣںԼɵ£ҲȻ˼ֻк
˽ʱ깫Ӹسפ˼󣬻˵ûѾϢ᲻¶ӳҲ˲⡣
µϷͨѶ̻ظϢСӵҲ£ڻس·ϡȻפϢԽѣǶȥµӵķӳĳ򲿶Ϣͨܰæҵ䡣Ŀӳһ󣬾ͳ˷Ը
깫ӸŮһӦ󣬱ٴڿն𣬳Լפڷɳ۶ȥ
Щɶӳָ㣡ԽҲǳӼһֺһ򼲳۶ȥˡ
ӣмȥ
ôҵ컯ǳҵˡһյĹ󣬽ļĴ֮Уӣĳ˵ͯ򲻼Ӱ
ųϣ컯Ѿִµӽвˡ˷ж¿ǲܣ;⵽˹¶һʧ٣һ䡣ӹ㱨һ˿֮ɫ


1017 춯
Ŷںεأʲôģüͷһ壬ʵ
ڽϷʮ֣Է浤ڶͳһˣȮӲûʵص
ܹͻΧʵס˵һҵ컯İɣӵ˵ͷֻһתʵ
ģСĴѰ޹֮󣬱ȥ˸һϹ䡭ӳյأɱһͷ浤ҵ컯ġһһʮĵ
ô˵˴󹦣˵֮ˣͷ˷˳ҵ컯ʵһ󣬿һ˿֮ɫ
֮⣬ҵӳΣңŽ͡δ˵ֽ꣬Ų
ܺã˴˴ŵĽ⣬ɶö浤ˣѡ֮⣬ٶʮŹ׵㣬Ժרȥӣɵ˵
лųϡԣæֳл
ˣȥɡһ£˴εСʧӣҪһ²ˡû˵䣬ճϱ
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ˣˣȥȡСӵĽɣ˵ļСӺѡˣһῼһµġͬҲ浤ӳ
˵ⷬԻȻǲ֪ģѻصפض֮УϥĬĬ˼ʲô
˷ջ񣬱ǵ֪⳵ӰȻҲȻЧԶԶ޾꣬ȷͼ
óӰɴ꣬ϣֱӴˡ
㽫ͷͼ֮֮һƬţһֻ˶ţӰһԾ˻ǰ˼֡
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һܱշ֮УһһۣòͨĻͷߣվڴˣǰһ̨Ѱһ컯
߾ĶŲۣĿڲĻͣ¶һ˿
֮УͯӺǸɫվһԡ
컯ֻǱһЩЩ𣬵û˼Դƣ΢һܼʹˡƬ̣׷ߺȻ˵
̫ˣǾͰҦʦˡͯԶ˿̬˵
ǶȻǽеĳϣλĸߣǰȴһ󾳵ĴʿһǺų̫֮һʦǽ߲㡣
Ĵ̫ǲһλͨĴÿһֻĴܣ̫ŵһ̫ϳϡ
λͨƽڽǣݵ㸽ĳطӣһ£弸ŵ顣ԽСС飬ɼ󾳵ĳ˵㡣
컯ͷɣºȡʲôٵʵ
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ˣйζźȻϮʮźűݣǵôˣߺĻһתһ⡣
ͯӺ͹꽻һһݻرʮźűӦǱӵĶͻȻ󱻳״ݻ١ж֮ǰƺ׼ֺŷĹһʱ䣬ıҲѶ˵ֶŵ쳣ٶЩεϮһ̽ϾһεĴսѾǰˡ
ŶԭġԵͷϹžʵġ
ͯӼˣԾ̱տڣ֮һʱ
ոյõϢפԼݣҲƵܶϮҴּ֯ġ˵ÿ꣬ᷢһδģܹʱ䣬Ҳˡ߳Ĭú󣬲̾Ϣһ˵
Ҧʦ壬˵ģǷҪȡһЩӦ֮ߣפΧݵȻŵΪ̫ĻǱҲġͯüͷһ̽Ŀʵ
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ͯӶԣоһݡ
Ȼ׷˭óһԽö췭ظĴж֪жĴ̫ڵӣ˶ãĶˡ
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ôʦġĿһ漴
ʱ䣬һͯӶ˱뿪˷䡣
֣Ҧʦո˵ȡöŵ鱨ôһ£뿪˷ͯЩʵ
ʱ䲻ʶ»δüἰΪ׼ȷĻȡŵ鱨ʵǰڶаԵס껺˵
顭ͯӾȵ˵
Ϊ˱ܵԵʣִ³֪µҲ١˿ͯһۺ˵
ԭˣȻ˵ĻŪŵ鱨ͼ򵥶ˡͯüͷ΢棬˵ͷ˵
ˣԵڶŵľɽҪ֮УΪ˲¶ݣ޷뿪ҪǻҪȥ鱨ȡֻѡ棬Ҫúһ¶˳֮ɫ
һˣɵΣͯԣһ

պ
פصСӶС
˿ϥһ麣֮УһĴָСѪɫԲתѪƣͣ
ͻȻ䣬Ľһ΢
ףĪ񣿡
ԭϥص˫ۻȻһһâֳС֡
Ŀɿһɨɫ΢΢һ䡣
ϢͯӷģڸȥһҪ̣мȴû˵ʲô顣
Ŀɫһһ󣬾վ뿪˶Ƴĸȥ
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ʱĴ֮УͯӺ͹̸ʲôƺѵȺʱˡ
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Ҳ¶һ˿Ц
֪λϴѶõˣʲô飿ǰƽʵ


1018 Ǳ
ͯӺ͹˶һۺ΢΢һЦǰյʦֶˡ»һҪʦֶһˡ
Ȼˣ
ԣĵװ˼ţȴǲɫʵ
֪Ǻ񣿡
ģúĴ̫ڵĽֶԶŷһشжھݣڲҪ֪ΪжҪǱŵľɽҪҾǰŵһԵ׽ǢȡһҪ鱨Һ³һ£ʦֶĿǰʵѡԵ
ԣȻһ
Ҳһʱ䣬¶ѾϤˡ
ŵľɽҪĿǰ֪ĶҪפصĶҲͷ֮࣬浤ͳ˵ϰ٣󾳵Ĺ˧ҲмϢƣеͨҲеġ
ҪǱҪΣԺ͸ոɵѰ컯ȫһȼģԼʵǳţҲĽһ
λϣȻҪΪҪѡٵڵˣ浤ʦ֣ɲֹһ˵ġĬƬ̣ûֱӿھܾǷʵ
ǺǣǱɽҪɲΪԽԽã˵ΪԽߣԽзעˡϾֻҪ浤ϣͺѲŵע⡣ѡһΪԽϵͣʵ֮ˡʦֶȻֻмٵڵΪʵ֮ǿĿãǾʵѡ˹Ű¶һ˿ӲЦݣ͵
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УһݿԿƷתԽһʱתɹ³ϵǧ䶷񣬸áʦֶһǹǾ͸ûκˡ˵ţȡһöɵ׸
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ãҾ֪ʦֶ壡ˣö֮л˺;ɽҪԵ׼ڣص㣬һоͽʦֶˡͯɫص
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һЩйؾɽҪԵ׽ͷʱ͵صݡ
ʱպ󣬴ӽǵɽҪĻܵʱȻǴ´ġ
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һʱӭһź֮ϣԶǵķ򼲳۶С
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ЩϢȫԺ㽫ͼֽȡǼǧ䶷ϡ
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˿ɢ϶ξ̬ȫȫһĶξûˣĪ˵浤ʿһҲһܿǼٰġ
˿˫ϲƵĻɫĵ˵ͷֹͣתûãָֻ˺ɫ
Ҳûξ仯ô̬ǰɳ۶ȥ
֮󣬶ŵľɽҪ֮һƬӰӰ´µĻɫ֮УһҺɫƵİ͸ӰңңҪķ
ӰȻһ·ˡ
˵ɽҪһ·ϣ䵹ùһĴͺ籩
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һ˲ʱ䣬֮һ·вûۣԼʱ֮ǰϵ
ʱҲˣ֮ǰԼĵص㡣


1019 ͷ
ǰʮ⣬ƽ̹ĵͻأǧ֮ߵĺɫ޷壬ɽҪǽɽ֮䣬ռֻнǵʮ
ԼҪһصطڵλûһξ롣
Ҫͨξ룬ɲ׵顣
ԾɽҪΪģɢ˺ܶС͵ĸͽܿ߶Ĺ䡣
ҪʱѲ߶߹ص쳣ܡ
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֪ΪΣϵɽҪڣȻûпһӵľųҪ
·ϵԵʣѾûжʱȴˣϿʼж
Ы治ܴӵݶ𣿡ͨϵЫ
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Ӱĳô׳ޱȵľͣɫݹɢȥ¶һԼɵӰĹ
һͭУɫƤɱ񣬱źӲֻʣڶʮֵɲһ浤Ķͳ졣
䷽һվΣһ˫ͭ۾㷺źĳΧɨȥ
ڴʱƻһźӵϻð˳۳һ͸Ӱ͸涵Ӱ͵ɫԶԶĿǸͳ졣
ͳɨһۣ¶һ˿ɫƬ֮е͵˼ƤϿʼðƬ֮䣬ȻһߴĶͳ죬Ϊһݵķˡ
˵ɫ֪ΪοǺܺãɫЩҰ˫ĿݣѪ˿ܲ·ܾûϢһ㡣
ƻиֳһ˿ϲɫ˵̱ʵһô棬˳
˶΢΢һȻת˹


1020 һ˫
±Ѧǰһվ˷ǰ֮⣬ʶһɨ
˺Ȼһ浤ʿ浤ԲҲһ֮ңӡ
гԾͬʱҲЩ죬˸ߵΪΪԸð˴ǱšҪ֪һ¶ݣǱ³
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Ѧ±Ǿǲĵ´һۣʵɳƸɬѪӳ£ԵޱȵĹ졣
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ѦǸûϢķȻҪˣҪסȥҹܾûг¶棬û뵽һϺѪʳСӣԹԽѪ⽻ɡߴŤķЦкâţЦһ٣һ±Ҫ˶
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ȻĿɿڴͬʱҲЩȻ
ոƻּʱΪʿ֮뿪֮󣬶ԷڶֻռϷ磬ԲŻ׷ɱ


1021 
Ѧʦִ˿ǻѣһ𷵻ؽǣųǻа취㡣΢һĿ
ѦԭĮ˫ĿУֺů⣬ֻһţʲôİҡҡͷѾˡʱ䲻࣬һҪ㡣Լ֮߰ǰڵĹֻռ֮ʱһӹƽԭһСӱʿʱڻһ˿ѣԼδ֮ϾɱǱѺ£ʦܻȥǺмǽ¸֪Ÿ߲㣬ȥӪǡұӣ̰£ЩӦûоȡ
˵ٴ¶ʹ֮ɫҲ֮ҵĲ
ƽԭѦʦ֣ǶӱʿһĶ̷Ůޣԣɫһ䣬ʵ
ȻʱķĿȻŤΣﻹýȥϵ˫ۻϣһŶ˫Ŀһ֮϶ʱʢ屻Ѹٸǣתۼ䣬Ѿת˶֮塣
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1022 ƾ
ǵӾиˡ
ݱ֮뿪תǵķзȥ
֮󣬵ӷĳֿ߳ʱȴĳ֮ɫ
統˵ģԴѷ۸ߵףһЩϡȱ֮Ҳֻͨﻻȡ֮ǰõ޲ԼӶؾ϶һЩڤʯȲϤȡʯ󣬲ſȡ˼׼׵Ĵ뼸
ƽķ۸񰺹󣬻ֻһЩͽ׷߽׵ƽټ
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1023 Ǳ
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Űɽ磬ʯϵ˴½󣬷졣
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һ˿ɻͻȻһ˻Ϣ·ڶðһΪ֮һ


1024 ټ
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Ҫųʶ̽ЩʱһŲǰȴףֳֹŶܵĹ䣬ϷʯȻλƵ˹
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ãƺֻЩ嵼һЩӦþͻˡ
ʶһɨ֮䣬ʮָɫһɫɫӦϡ
ؿһŵɫķ˴Ůͷ֮ϣд
һƹƮȻһ㵭ɫĻֽС
Ůϣһƻɫڤ֮治ϴ֮ܳоۼ
ͬʱЫҲûţ˫裬һ罫е
һ̣ЫһſڽЩ˿УϵĺڹҲ΢΢һʢֳһӡ
ԼСյĹ󣬻ɫ֮УƤ΢һ˫Ŀڻ
ǡʦܣЩ룬ڿǰ֮ʱ϶ʱ¶־ϲ˵
ʦ㣬ˡˣæ˵
û뵽ܼͬţʦ㡭ˣʦε֪ڴ˴ģ建ʵ
˴˵֮أǻ뿪ɡ˵һ󣬱ֱǰһӰһ뿪ңʯϡ
ʦܣʦҵı廤壬ӱԲ޴󰭣ֻЩѣԼߡ⣬һͬצ˴ļˣӦþͱѺڸϷһ㵭Σ΢΢һ£һĴѣվԡ
˵⸽ļʯ֮УӦ⼸λʦˣһ˿ɫ˵
ˣЫǰǰԶһʯУЩ΢Ϣ⣬ģ¶ѱ壬ˡ
󣬻ָһţƾһָ
ɫĻ֮УһŰɫˮӿһɫǾޱһûǰʯ֮С


1025 ӳ
Žƣʯڱ򿪣ͬһŨʯڳ
ЫҪһ̽ʱһһֻ˶ɫȭͷʯֶݺһ
δЫһξڵһֶ
Ыɫһ䣬ͻһĻɫЫԭͣһ˫ǰһ棬ӭȥ
䡱һһһײһ
ֻһϢɫЫɳһ˻
ţʯдܳһĻɫӰڤ֮ӿ
ӰԼʿһ޶ϴϡɱǽӷֻ⽩Ӳ࣬һʬòΪԼ浤ڵӣ
ʬʿ̤ʯҵ˲䣬ͻȻһ٣׷һ̶˻
̹СǱˣ
Ҿ˵ôһôˣ
쿪ƣͨһȥ
˴󶯾ѲߵĹξȻһ¾ͱһ´˷
ţ¡¡ĥƶ˷Ĵյɽлصֹ
ӳѡʱ壬Ŀǰʬһɨзһһ˵
ˣߣϷĶָһһɫǰʬȥ
һ
ӽʬȴͬ˾ϣֱð䲱ȴȻ
ڴʱһǡ촫ȴǸ༸ʯұ׷״򿪣һŻɫȴһΪڻ浤ڵĽʬʿ
ȴʦ뿪ֵЫ״漴ͨϵͬʱͷ֮һƬţҲȻһûһֻԼĪɫЫǰ
ʯ߳ʬʿǰĽ壬ɫһ˿η֮ɫһʱ侹Ȼǰ
ͬʱϷһͨУһʯŴдܳһɫ࣬ĴŷεĽʬʿ
ãǽʱͨѱǰĳƺҲסˣ³˵ʶɿɽռһɨзɿ˵漴·ͨзȥ
ˣˣռ·һֱܹͨͨµĺɽĳһܣȻĿһ̲תͻȻ˵
ʦô֪·ͨģԣЩŽɡ
Ͼſ·һ˶ޱȵУͨǱߣһ˿»δͨѱֱӹˡ
ҵȱץãһ浤ڴɵͬ飬ѹƣͼǼˡʦԣǴͨλڵײһԣմǵͨڣ㱻֮ӿʴֱӻһͳģֽץ˻ȥ͵
˵䣬ѵµ·һŨϢڶǰģȻһ˶ޱȵС
˿ýˣȴϷȴһ㵭ĻɫĻƺǱĳ־ͽƣ·ݳ
˿ѱɵĻϵĵŴ̹ʴԾûƵ
һԵ壬ȴȻֳһɫ壬ɢһȦȦâдһЩâ׷ѩڵʧˡ
ڣδߵĻ
Ŀ⻷֮£ȴиɽϣϡƼٺ˵Ľۡ
Щߣƺ˽ǧĲɣҲ֪ΪΣһΪϤĸо
ֻǴ˿ݲϸ룬ջĿٴοǰУһ䣺ȴ֪·Ǻεأɢ˾
ͨǱߣʦܣǿ߰ɣͻȻֱ̧ۣңңָԶһСʯȣͨͨӡ
ѭȥȴʯȣебǰҪȥҪϷɹȥ
ͷʱ֮·һۣ촽΢˼䡣
ϢһڹӱЫ
󣬻һӵƿ
ˣЫܣЩʬƤ֣ԽԽˡЫԴ˵
Ե˵ͷ˵һЫһһ롣
һһĽһֱӴϿշ˹ȥ
УֻȴǰΪŨ·йʱеһһҧһһһʱŶ˻һ⣬ɿĴϿգһû֮ͨС
ϵǣһ·ɵͨͷʱȴִ˴Ȼһͬ
ʦܡ¶һ˿ʧ֮ɫ˵
Ŀһ󾫹תʶͨͷ֮һɨȻһ̧һɵСɽǰƷɽ顣
䡱һ죡
ͨͷʯڱһƣһҲΪ֮Ҳ
ߣ
һУɫСɽֻûһŻɵԲУͬʱһŵػһ
Ҳû˵Щʲôһξͽߡ
ڶ뿪ͨڲƬ̹һӵ˻ȴһŻӰӶͨӿЩʬʿ
㷨δָ㣡ˣȻһѽ屧𣬱ɫһȵм۶ȥ
ЩʬʿȻǹ룬ٶȺȻǲʩչ޼ȫӶݵġ
һĹ򣬱㱻ԶԶ˺棬Ӱ
ʱ·Ҳ˼ʿҺ׼֣;״󷨣Ѵ֮ıܿˡ
ʱһμţһͷ֮һСɽ½£פ
˴ѾǽطΧˣʦ㼴бﻤ壬˷ǲԪˣдָһЩԪĺá˵ţȡһöҩݸ壬˵
ʦܿˣ˷ʦܵǹƥǰӪȣʦʵڸмӹҩֳл
ʦ˵ﻰϧʦˣ˷ֻȳʦһˣû뵽Щžץ˶ʿ顣˰֣̾˿˵
·Ҳ֪ǴӺζ侫̶ȱȶطŨֹʮʿľ壬ĳֽƵ£ʶڣʵȴճΪЩʬЦһɫЩȻ
˵ʦЩ꣬ʱ߶ġԣûнӿʲôȴһת˵
иʦ࣬˷ʦµıﻤ壬ʦȣҲҪΪһˡû뵽̶ʮ겻ʦҲѽ׼ٵڣʦܼȻҲ֮УҲѰҳ浤һԵɣ̾Ϣһ˵
׻˵ĺãѲк󸣣һۣʦ浤˵иһˣˣҸսãô˻ᣬʦ˵˵ڶеľɡο弸䣬ͻȻһЦ˵
˵
ԣһЦһһʮ渵
Ҳ佲ʮڣڷһЩ飬ŻϽ֮Ҳ΢˼䣬Ȼһп
Ϣʱ֮˱뿪֮أǷƶȥ


1026 
˽ǵʱϵƵﶼ˶Уķһŵ˳ǡ
̤ǵ˲䣬ҧһ촽һ˿Īĸ֮ɫ
ϴ뿪ִнʮˣ֮ͬѳΪ˹ԼҲЩУʵ޵֮УΣյһξٴλصУ䲻ֻĸо
ʦ㣬µ飬Ҫϻ㱨һ£廹ŵסɣһۣʵ
ãû⡣ĺһ£չһЦ˵
˵ͷһ֣һźסˣųȥ
֮С
λϣǰͯӼճϹһҲŹ
λҲöˣոѾӵ棬ʦֶ˷һ壬ʱܿˡͯ¶Цݵ˵
ЦЦû˵
лϹһмĻص
Ѿ˵ˣܳɹǱ£ͯ˽½ƾ˺ܴá
ʦֶΪֻȳʦֶһˣĵѵѾųȴĿһʵ
Ҫλ£µĹݵ㿴ͨݵƣȻڵǱкȴһһʮĽɽΣ鶼ͯӶˡ
д˵飬ڵӱɽʬճϺͯӶһۣ¶˳Ծɫ
Ǵӽӵ鱨ѾµӦһŵķʵأû뵽еȴš
ӺЩʧȥǵĽʬ֣ʦ˵֮ǰֻǻڵʿɽʬ֮嵶ǹ룬ʵѾһ浤ʿˡ˵
ұѺʱżȻصĹ˵ǳЩʬʿΪ̹Ҳڽ͵˵
̹ͯԵһ˹ճһۣҡҡͷȻҲδ֡
ﱻѺʿж٣ճϳʵ
ӴԿһ£Ӧڽҡһ˵
ǰұץȥʱûô࣬ЩŽ󣬲
ͯӺ͹ճԣɫֳ˼֡
ʦֶЩҲˣȻȥϢɣʦֶҿϢȣڳһʱɡͯӳһº˵ķԸ
ǣӸˡһ񣬺˺ܿ߳˸
˵Ӱ˳ȥͯӺ͹ճɫ
벻һСС£Ȼôܣ֪ˣӦǲСӺһͬжˣ˵ܾȳһЩδĵӡͯЩյ˵
ھ˹ȥҲѾǿ˿ȣݼŰճҲ̾Ϣһ䡣
Ҳ֪ݵ㣬ǷƵڡͯ˵
ӦòˣͽЩĴʧٵľӢҲ£ǷֵǸŨ쳣УҹƣӦһģľЩӦûٽڶˡճһ˿֮ɫ˵
ΣȽҦʦ㱨һ°ɡͯ˵˵
ųȻͷͬ⡣
뿪˸ܿص˳еľס
ʦ㣬ڸоΣڰУе˵
Ѿ޴ˣȻ˺ܶͷоգҳʱֻ£ڵķ˺ܶ࣬оͻƿѾҵˡ峤һ˵
ĪǡǺǣ¿Ҫϲʦˡһ漴Ц˵
漴˼󣬱Էֿ
ܿص˵СӵĶУ
֮УһƬš
мһϣϥȫɫγһīԲ
ʱ˿˿Ƶĺ˿˷Բ۶ʹԲǴ
֮һڵĳĬ
źɫԲ֮ɢУͷΧѣХ
һ̣ٴλһƺûУӰ
۾һ˿ϲɫΪȻûоתȸոսʱȴ˲٣ĸӦ麣֮еķҲˡ
ƽҪˡͻȻ°ͺ¶һ˿˼֮ɫɫ
ǰδӾɽҪȡصǸ鱨ҲԿеݣǶڸصľݵֲͼԼݵı
ҪЩ鱨ʲôҲܲµ֡
ĸоһַѹȸУ֮ǰ뾡ܵһЩʵ

²ڽȥʱɵľӣʼƵյϲĸָʾӢСӱʱɳͻŵһЩΧݵ㡣
ĴҵĶһЩפʵԽΧݵ㣬ÿݵֻһ浤ĶͳĴžӢСԵĽ˲أʱڱʮݵ㱻ݡ
ҲԴ˺ܿ˷ӦǵûйʼٵĴ֮ʣһеĿʼĴŵĸΧݿչԼҹַ͹
ʼδĴŸ߲Ծ֮࣬һּΪľ棬һ£ֻʱͻžݵͼתԷΪ
ڶƺҲδ̫ΧڹµΧҲأĴɵĸ߲Ҳ˿
ˣеľҲ𽥽СȻҲʼƵĽӵ񣬲ϵڶط
ԭСڱ󺺺ձʧٶճλӣȻҲˡ

һʯشһɸߵɫʯڴˣһŻתĺɫԲ˸ŵڹ⡣
˴ǶһҪ鱨תء
˿ΧʯһսݱĽš
ͷżʿȻмʯΧס
浤ͳΪףڵĶξһס˰˸򣬷дһЩҺڣͽڵĵͽ׹䡣
ڵĵСӣСӣһʮ˴˿˷ΧһĸʽΪһƬƬɫĹϼмĶſȥ
һʱ䣬ɱ˷ϼ֮谵նӳյͨ͸
սϣһ浤ʮڡٵڵʿռƣܵķҲǲѵס˵ǿ
ɫʯϷͻȻԾУֽһǰɫֽԭһΣһʮɵľ޴ɫȻֶݺݵĳǰն¡


1027 Ϯ뱻
·һͷξʮҺڹ״ͺһ׷״ӿһŵĹڰһ֯ƣ۳һ޴ĺɫͷ­ſһˮͰϸĺɫɷˣһµסѹµɫ⣬߶ʱ˰ա
ɫһ¶һ˿Ц⡣
һ̣ǸξµһͻȻðһͷСɫЫӣЫ
ЫͷϵĽڱɢǿҵĽ⣬Ѹٱ˽ɫβһʮ߼һ׷״˶ξ塣
ξϱߴ̴ĵطȻʮȭͷĴ󶴣˿ΧĹ׷ɢ˿ڲϵ
ξ¶˺Ȼ֮ɫзһҽС
ȻЫβһһģ£ֱӶ˶ξͷ­ҽ֮Ȼֹڽҫ֮£ξܿɢΪһźɫıЫڡ
ĹﱾͶЫɢĽ⼫Ϊη壬ӳ֮䱻ɱ׷׼ų߱˿
û˷֧֣кͿֽĺɫͷ­Ȼɢ
ڴʱнһֽâţһģĻΪٵӰ㼤¡
һ͵ƿ֮
߰ͷӰ̴ԭƶʱϷܣ¶һȱڡ
ʦܣĺã
Զӣ״һδαѾһӣһɫ⼤˲ǴʮɴСΪһִޱȵĻɫ޽ն¡
Ŀһз仯ɫӰһҲһִɫӰ¡
һһ޽Ȼ£һ±㽫ԸĶţߡ
ĺٸ깫ӸΣϲͬʱ׷μķʼ赲ٴɷ
ͳΣɫ䣬ХһָʿҪȱڣͬʱ˷Ҫ˦ǵĶ֣ͼɹȥ֧Ԯ
סͳСӵ浤ӳ֮οϷУʹͳס
Ƭ̹һһ㣬һĴȱͻ˶ŵ֮С
ȴͬʱʩչһ֮
ڻɫڻ£һХɫ޽ͻȻתббնʯ֮ϡ
¡¡
ʵֳһڹƣɫ޽Ͽӿ׹£֧Ƭ̱ѿ
ɫնʯֻһֱӶ˿Ȼ
ţһɫ⸡ֶһģӶѵ̴ĺɫԲȻҲʹѿʧȥ⡣
һĶ磬ŻûӦʯͬĽƱѾȫݻ١
âɢȥӺӰ˰ա
ʿ϶ʱ¶ϲɫ෴ڶ󶼲֪Ľԭء
Ӻһۣٴλ⣬Ӷȱзɶ˳ȥ
ˣѾɣ˵ز˾쳷ɣӳ󣬷ɿ˵
ɶӳʵռţｫЩȫɣٸ˿ɱЩʵ
ЩʵٴȥܹǣҲСϵþˣܻоԮǲҪ¶ˡӲɷ˵ķԸ
˴ԵСΪӳӶ˵ˣӳҲ˵ʲôһݹ𣬳Զȥ
һӣ·֮ϣЫһ֮С
һתһźס壬Զ۶ȥ
ʿ糱ˮ˷ȥ󣬳еܿͣЪ
浤ͳ쿴ŵʯɫѿȻתͷȥʿȴû׷
α˸ֲֻǿ˿⣬£Ҳֻ˽ʧʡ

֮һɽϿգŽСӶӷһˣűվһţʿΧ
Уһվ޴Ĺͷ󺺣һֳ˫꣬½󺺼ձ֮ˡ
ôͻȻһӳôٸһߴ߶һɫԲųһƬƬƵĵǰһҧгݵĺ޺˵
Щɱ֮ͷ󺺽һһ˶ߵľ޴趯磬Щ޷޵˵
һߴ߶糱ˮӿĹɫҲЩҰܣֻնӳϻ򶨡
ΧĶ֮УͳֻˣξҲ࣬ȫ
Ŀ⳯Χɿһɨ΢΢̾Ϣһ
Сαִһμ򵥵˭֪ͻȻ˴Ӷŵ
ҵǣεĶûɹȵһִʱһЩ
λʱϵԽԽǲĳԺһᣬλ취ͻΧɡ촽΢ڳ˶ޱȵ
ԣɫһ
䣬ϻɫһĽУһʮɴСľ޴ɫĳǰɨȥ
ǰʮ⧲£׷ɫҪܿȴǲжʮ䱻ҹһֱ˺ѳƬ
ڴʱԶһ׵ĶͳЦһͬһʧһѾǰ˶צһ٣ɫצâһ֣ӿ
¡
צâȻײһ𣬾Ȼڿнֲ
ҲǷӦ죬Ӷֺ󲻾ãĬĳ˷ͬʱһʱ䣬ɫâ˷һ¡¡ײ֮
ߣһҲҪŹЩȫɱ
һ췢ͳˣ´
䣬İͻȻһУһԲͲڹ֣˼ĶϤΧС
ɢķ͸ɫϼһԲͲ͹֣㱻ֱӵ㲨Ҳ޷
췢ͳˣ˷ܵĹֺһһ˹ֱֻȻһӣצӰƿ֮Ͻˡ
һǺٸһ
ٸۼͳǰ棬оɫһţϺţɳĵɫ֯γһɫܵǰ
žһ죡
ȻסצӰٸӴܵλǱʹ
һߣ˲֪ʱȻһתĺɫצӰִ˲䣬ವһȻı˷򣬳ŲӶȥ
мڵצӰȻ˺ɫţ·ţ뺣ûзһ
ɫٶȼ죬תۼײ˶֮С
췢ͳ˾¶һ˿֮ɫ˫һģҪ
ڴ˿̣¡¡һ춯رըӲԶӺһͳ콻ս


1028  Ⱥ͹Ѫʯ
ֻһ޺ɫľ޴ĢȻը֮һɫȻһʱӺǸ׶ͳӰ
߽սԭʮ䱻˲ûҽҲûзһʧˣ޴ĳȻɢҵıը粨˲ϯ˸ɵķΧξ䲻£׷ÿΧԲͲڹĻҲ˲
췢ͳ״ɫ䣬˲ȥ׷ˣһҪըȥ
ڴʱһʮɴСĻɫӻзɶݶֱͣӳڹĻ
顱һ죡
ԭҡҡ׹ĺɫĻɫӲ˺ѿһɴ󶴣
ɫͣһ㳯Զȥһģ㵽֮⣬ܿ컯Ϊһҵ㡣
һʣʹԲͲιĻĶűһ£Ҳ˻ҡ
סͣˣ췢ͳˣЩܻĴ
ˣְֳһֽһֶ漴ΪһʮɳɫӰ
һ
һִɫ⼤ֱӳ˹ϵĴ󶴣֮䣬Χͷڽ֮»Ϊ촷ۡ
췢ͳֺһֱǰһӣһצӰƾո֣뵲½⡣
һ̣һƬɫϼϯȴǹЫ֪ʱ˳
췢ͳӴɫϼһϱ㷢죬ɫ£æһεĵ
û赲ɫһ£ֱƿĹִϡ
һ
ԭɴСĴ󶴣Ȼɾ޴
ʱнһ䣬Ыʩչ֮һɫ⣬ֱӳһԶ۶ȥ
ͬʱСԱҲķ׷ʩչͨ
ṫӸԭʹӲԶ˿̶˵ķȡһɫԲ飬һ飬ʱһɫס壬Ӵ󶴴һȥ
һߣͷ󺺺걾Ǳվһ
ͷͻȻһתо޴Ȼ󶴴һ׶ͬʱһſڣһھѪû˾޴֮С
һĺһֻҝľ޴ӰȻڸ߿ոֶһ·ǰݺһҶȥ
󺺱һһԾһ㵭ɫ֣ž޴Ӱһ·ڶȥƴŰΧĹһ³ΧĴӴ󶴴ɶݶߡ
Ҳǲ˫֪ʱȻһһ⣬һ£һںɫ־޴ӲӶͻ˳ȥԶ۶ȥ
ٸĶһˣҲ˷Ӧһ֣зһŰɫӨķ
׹һֱ۴ϸϸͬǿӲһ㣬Ŵ̶ļХǰĶš
ٸϺһıڻ֮£һݹ⣬һȥ

ڴʱըַɳһӰȻǸӽս׶ͳ졣
ֻ˿̿ΪǱϵѾȫѣ廹ðẒ́ߵֽѾˣԵܿһѪܵ߹ǡ
˵ȻأȴûΣգ˫ĿѪ죬Ȼѱ׼ŭ
׶ͳѪɫĿһɨȻס˻ûзɳ̫Զĺٸ
зһҰްĺ΢΢һΣڹһѾһĺɫì
ֱһӣɫìȻһڹ⣬źٸȥ
ٸ˿ѾʮɣۿҪӳ˶ŰΧĴ̶ļХ֮
ٸɫһ䣬ҲһֵĴһ⣬һƷ΢һζǴС
ЩŻһ΢΢һȻһ
ٸһ£û׹ڽ߳졣ڹһìȰ㸡֣Ѹײڶ䵽ϡ
ٸ£â⽻֯һ𡣵ìŤ𣬡ۡһƾֽͬм㱻
֮ìٸУѿ
ٸһҽУͻΪɽǻûüɳ㱻ڹ
⣬ҽ֮׿һۣһ˿ź漴ɫΪһ㣬ʧ˰ա

֮ĳ谵ĵ¶Ѩ֮С
ʮͷĺɫ·ӰһĹڶѨռƮƮȥһӰΧм䡣
Ӱ
࣬ЫվڴˣͷϵĽڱɢĽ⣬ʹЩƮӰȻϵʻѪȴ˿̤ķΧֻڸǻ
ûж࿴ΧĻӰԭسƬ̺󣬱󲽳ǰȥĿڶѨΧѰʲô
˳ŶѨһӺΧܵӰԽԽ࣬Ѿ˼ͷСĴӰ
ͻȻĿһת˲ԶѨһͱ֮ϣһһӣһڹ⼤
顱һ
ʯڱһƬͬʱһ鰵ɫľʯȭͷСܿһѪ˿·ɢһرϢЩѪ
ҵһ飡Ŀһϲ
֮Ի¶ѨȴǽŵһɼռһЩеĿʯѪʯ
ֿʯȻԵĿʯȴ̺һԶžһ˺ԣƹϺòϣսڼȻڴռ
⴦ѨǹѪʯһڣϧȹֹȻ£ȴϲʳʿǣ簵ӰͨѶɴ˺Ը˵زɼѪʯʿࡣ
ѪʯζɢȥΧȷ·𱻴̼һ㣬ͷҲ಻סͻȻһĳ˹
üͷһ壬һļͷⷺһͷɴСţӰȻֶ
ȥһ֣ţӰһ˵һͷǰһţһɫоסȣƾҲ޼£ܿ챻ţӰſȥ
ȼ˾󺧣æͣΣתӿ
ЩûԶԾͣ˸ĶȻЩʵģ
ˣЩģ̫ɶˣȥǶɣЫŻԶǻȣ˵
ץʱռѪʯЩҡҡͷ˵
Щȿ˵ɱ֮ⶴѨ֮в֪ж٣ҹؼɱûκκôóӰɣҲΪʵ̫ûκηЧȻԸõ顣
䣬ִһͼӰһأͣͷ
Ы˵ͷû˵ʲôֻǿΧȵĿԾɴ˿˿ɱ⣬ͷĽڷֲ˼֡
ɫľʯ󣬱ŶѨȥ
ЫˣЩ˸󣬵һƮβȥˡ
ˣЩϽǲܻȡһʹ׵ˡѨԼŮߴߴ


1029 ̩Ҫ
ʱţ֪䣬Ѿꡣ
ڷȱ߰һƽԭشһ׳ľͳǳڴˣнǵСӵɫǽӸʣɢŻϢϴССӡȱսۼƺ˵ţҪһĻĻ̡
ǽ֮ϣһܼܾ͹ͶʯȵȴеڳǳܻʮԲ͸ÿһʮɸߣķģ˸Ÿɫâ
Ƕ֮УĴҪ̩Ҫ
˿̵ĳǳ֮УʱܿһӶ׵ʿ߹ɫǳأҪһֽŵա
ȻǽԶߴ޵ƿʹóǽϵפʿ׷Ŀȥ
û£Ѳ߶ˣһŰɫӳεŷ׷˿
תۼԶĶݹƿе˸ȴһʮ˵ʿ£׷˱ǽ֮ϡ
ӵһӣֻʮ꣬ɫ΢ɣΪȻﵽ浤ڵľ硣
СʮʿࡢơסĴŵķΣһǼٵڵΪϷ쳣ǿ˿ѷɫһ浤ڵʿ
ˣλˣȸԻȥϢɣҲҪ̫и˭Ҳ֪Ż᲻ṥ˳˵
ǣʮٵڵʿͷӦһ
˻֣ת˳ڣҲɢܿǽ֮ϣֻһ׵ꡣ

Ŀ̩⳯ҪԶȥɫЩأƬ֮Ҳ˳ǽųȥʱͣ뱱ǽԶһԲ͵ʯǰ
ִһ󣬺߽ܿʯݡ
һªʱסȻ󣬲δȴȫмϽƣһȫСͶ
һߵ֮ϣϥ˳˼֮С
ڼ䣬ĴźͶŵսν漤ңһʼֻΧսĴݵĵƣࡣ
ֻʱƣŵĹȴԽԽͣҿʼĹӳĴŵΧѹʮŴݣѾ߰䣬Ҳǲ
Զͱ˵Ĺƣ̫ŽȺѾǲԮ֧Ԯǿס˶ŵĹơ
սңų˼⣬ͬʱڽǣǣħǣܳǳظͼ˴ڳһͱ˵̬
˵ÿңŶἯзһĹƣȻʱ࣬ĹƼģȴԽκһΡ
˵ЩŵһţôĽӴ¶ڱʵȻһЩ˽⣬䵽жٵƣĴҲ˵Ȼ
Ĵ֮£ֻһӦԶżĴģ
̩ҪĴ֮ҪһŦʧģʶȻԿĴڽڸѡһ֮ˣԭפش˳ǵؾһͬԱֹŵ͵Ϯ
⼸֮УŴ񶼱ּΪɫʮ֮ǰҲǲ˴˵ء
˼֮ʣȴ
ɫһ˷ţֻվһɫµĶ̷Ůӣ塣
ŮϴĵѹȻѾͻƵ浤
ǰһĥѺץסͻչǱһʱڲǰɹᵤɹ
ԭɴĿĺ󣬾Ҫɽս¸漱ؽ֣֮ŨĹʿȹ浤вСãʶŮ£ΪӢҲǲ̩Ҫ
ʦ㡣ЦŴһк
ʦܣҾѲСҲûˡݸһЦ
ͬʦܣµ飬˹ϵǰ׽˲٣ƽﻹʱ̽һЩĵá
ʦڵСǸҪɣý˷ڣȥ衣
ţҲŻسǣﻹƽδйûļ󡣡忴ݲһۣ˵
̩ҪȻûгֶŵӰļʿΪԷһǽЩǲʿֱɼСӣ̩ҪַѲӡ
Ĳ֮У
Ҳ֪Ĵˡ벻ִ꣬ģսЩε̾˿
˵ش˵ɱУϵĥͻƼޣѰҽ׵һ˿ȴ˵ȴģĻս
Ͼ˴ģľսУʿΪٸߣʵǿһ񣬶ĺͿ
ʦҲعڵģ̩Ҫﻹ԰ȫģĴŸһ̫ϳϳڴ򣬻ʮ浤ִ³ϸټŴķƣһȫ뼴ˣʱҲԹƣΪԮĵӮ㹻ʱˡƺĵǣ٩٩̸
ţϣ˰ɡո˵ģγֻ֪һսչ׻ᷢʲô˭Ҳ˵׼
˵аһʿ˵أһΪ˼ǿ̩Ҫķһ棬Ҳ뽫ǷԿİȫΪһ֧ҪĺʹáĿһļ˵
ǵİȫʱӦûʲô⡣һЦ˵
ִģʿսУͷսΪпᣬʿࡣһǰ˫뽩֣ʿıûиտʼôࡣʮ֮ǰǱȥ̩ҪǸտʼֱԶŵĿ½ʹҲ΢ɿ
Ȳ̸ʱ򣬡ˡˡľ޴˷ͣĴ
ǣ
岻漴ͬʱɫһ䣬߳ӡ
̩Ҫ봦ӡֻڷʱ򣬲Żӡ
в˺һ󣬷׷߳סɫĿķ
һ󣬻ͣЪ
ڵӣ㳡´ϣһޱȵĴ˵ĶС
һۣû˵̩Ҫе¶㳡ɳ۶ȥ
һ·ϣĴżµʿ˿̶ͬһȥÿ϶صĺܡ
ʱ˳һܴ¶㳡ϣһ޴ʯڴˡ
ڸ˵ʱҲһΣܿ˲߽˴ѾۼԼĪǧʿ
Ŀ⻷һ£󲿷ֶǴ˵صפصӣΪߣҺΪڵҲûмһĿⶼЩ̣˽˵ʲô
һսչЩˣкܴĿܱǰڻʹá
ҲЩźܷģҲɼ顣


1030 
ۼʿϷֳĶѣĴȻ˵ЯֺǸţ˴֮Щŵ˼
ǰжʮִ·ε浤ʿЩǳפ̩ҪĸڳϣʱɫҲЩء
Ĭߵ̫˵Ķ֮УվһȽϿǰλãĵȺ
ʱ½½ʿ߽ʹôеĴﵽһǧ˵Ĺģ
һյһͳĽŲӺ֮ԭЩӵʱʧ١
ţһŨں룬ɫߣӺ˳վĿڴһɨ
칤פڴ˵ʿϡ촽΢
Ե˵ͷĿں´һ
̩Ҫʮգûм˵صλʿ
Щʿ̩Ҫһ㲻ǰ֣ҪָʾҪ´Ҳһ˳ѡ
һټǵشϢҪλûІ·ϻ˶ٺ󣬿˵ǸոյϢŵǰ沿ڿʼжˣ˿нʿڹħǡ
ȴޱȵĴڳ˶С
Զһͻսڿʼˡ
⣬ǸĹҲʼȻ̩ҪʱûзֶţҲܵġȥٻѲԱӴ˿̿ʼһ˵
ǣ
֮ԣһӦףлص
ˣλִ³ϣȴפص뿪ý׼ĴŵפԱ¡ɫһվڴǰִ³˵һ䡣
ִ³ǵ׷״ӦһŸϽפصӣȻĺܿ뿪˴
ʱֻ֮ʣһˣЩ˴ǼٵΪݼӢлʮ浤ʿһɺӴս
ûб˼ʵȻԴģսΪսȡģֻһ𣬲ܷӳܡһЩϵսƻҪ˵һ¡ߵ˵
ԣæ˾

̩Ҫܹĵս׼ʱ򣬽ǣǣܳΧĶҲ׷׷˽սѾ׵ı
˿̵ĽΧȻһȦѹѹŨΧ˸ˮйͨ
ͻȻԭĬŨʼҷ
ͬʱжɧһӶɫµʿѸײڶ֮ӿ˳ͷǽϵľ͹ʱɢĿĹâΧʿĵ֮£׷׶׼Զ
ϷƬʿڰգгʮ뻮һСͷ
ÿһɶʮʿɣһ浤ʿͷСӶӳӴ˿ҲһСֶӣһߡ
ȷԼСӶ䱸״̬󣬻׽Ŀ·ǳȥ
ֻϷľ컯УͻȻɢ˳Ľɫâһ㳯ɢȥԸΪģһԲεľ޴ޱȽɫڻ۳Ρ
ӿ˼۱ջĿ⣬תͷһǽ
һγǽԵÿտյģһʿҲûУ浤ĳվ³ϣճ϶λС
мվһĺߣǽǵ֧֮һʿҦġ
̫ڶλʿһ̩ҪС
սڼʿԣӲɵĸеһİ
ڴ˿̣ܵ¡¡УһƬӰֶƬ֮ΪһƬĺơ
źƵıƽĶҲʮһۿȥҲͷӡ
֮г˹⣬һͷͷι״ľޡ
ʮͷʮɸߣͷͼǣû۾ȫƤͬʯһľޣ֮Žĳǽܲͳ˹ÿһͷͬһСɽڷɿƶһ㣬ƼΪˡ
ͻľͶޣӣҲеһϵѹӿ˼֡
ǽ֮ϣҦ߿ԶĶ𽥱ƽɫһһơ
ͯӵ˼״׷ȡһ̣˼䡣
Ͽʮֶƺõͬʱɳ۶ɱڵӭľ͹ޡ
Щֶӷɳ۶ͬʱ˴֮ҲŶΣ浤ΪͷʮųһУէһ·һľ޴ʸһ㡣
ţڳ浤̵ָ£ʮֶУһˮͰĹǵصļȥ
һ춯صľ
ЩͶǹ޺Ȼǹһ㣬۱ǳеľк󣬳˵˼⣬δ˵ӡ
зֶӵĶӳɫȻЩ޵ĳͷ̫ңóȻȥ赲ѻʯˡ
һ̣Щ͹ðٶ˿ֱӳ嵽ĸǽ£ͷֱֱײȥ
ź¡¡֮ǽϵĴǵľ޴ɫĻʮͷͷǵĳײ£ҵĿɢĽɫâҲ䵭˼֡
ҵǣЩǾһγײ󣬾׷׺˼ͬþһ㣬׷׵زˡ
˶һ
ȻƬ̵飬ȴ˷Ķƽ˲پ롣
תۼ䣬ʮֶӺͶˡ
ĳС֮УǰԽԽĶŴĿһһһɵ죬ͷһ󵭵ȫ
漴Ļɫɽһʮɳľ޴âǰȥ
ĶʮԱӵĶͬʱһһɫ죬ʱһסǵ塣
ʮɫ첻ͣ඼һ޶·ڻӦ
ͷţʮԱķͨЩ˴һӸеһݽڡ
һԽĽХ֮ɫâȻǴΪһɴС޽ɢļХĶһ¡
¡һ
âµĵطǰʮͷȻͼֿڽâ֮ʧ٣漴޴ɫâȻѿ
һ춯صľ죬ɫ˷ȥڶ֮նһľ޴蹵Ķ͹ޣ˲䱻ʳࡣ
ãӿǰսһϲ
СӲԶԭھСӵպ׳˿Ҳ˶ʮʿһȺŹײһ
׳ͷ϶һͬɫ죬ͺһϷɳɫ꣬һ֮ΪʮɳĻ
׳ͷһ֮£ȻǴ󣬻ΪɴСľ޴ԣȻ˶֮С
ͣ
ԵĶ͹ޣ׷ײҽһΪ˽̿
СҲʩչֶΣѸ͵Ĺ
һʱ䣬ɫĸ֮£Сӵķһ𣬼ϣһ±
⧲£˫һ֡


1031 
ǳǽ֮ϣͯӵȳϿ˾˿
ҦƵЩȻܽСʿķڶӳϣ乥ķֱǰδͯ̾˵
УᷨķҲûУҪΪӵĽƣں̵ܿ²пʵ֣ЩʿͬһֹҪʱĥϲпܡ
񵥿һʵЧʵڿνʵھˡ
ͯӵ̾ȷǷԷθġ
ϿҦߵĿ֮УҲ˾֮ɫ
һǱȽϳɹģҲ㣬ԽϲҪϸƵġҦҡҡͷ΢΢һЦϵҲЩԵá
ֻǰܴ죬϶ᷴˣйעս֣Ҧߺܿ飬һת˵
ǡͯӵ˼æӦ
ҦճϻûãԤһźܿ˷Ӧ
һĶź󷽴һͳĺŽŽͳĶ͹һͣ׷װڳ˷ľ
ţ·һٶɵԲξ֮дһźɫţһźֶܿһ𣬻˼޴ޱȵĺɫ֡
͵ƿɫִľ򸽽һʿ
һʿӴСӡ
Цһɫâֶӭһִ֡
ɫâһģǴ˰ɴСһױ㽫һɫնϡ

ֹתһ䣬ӼһƹʿԱ

ֶһ·ɢĺɫϸ˿ʮԱһȥ
һĲҽһƬ
ں󷽵ԭȫעĽȫעǰϣϸ˿Ĵ֮£߰ӣҪôѣҪôȻסҪطֱӹᴩɥʧս
ɫһ䣬нһ䣬ְɫ޽һģȻ˼һģһľ޴󽣹⡣
ǽӰֹ֮
ۣһ촫
ֻδڶҲɾıɢĻɫһնϡ
һһӣɫӰֶһģ֮нӰһתۼٴ۳һɴСľ޴ɫ⡣
âһɫͽ⼤£װ¡¡ն·Բζ
һ
֮иֳһ۳һ״ĺĻ
һ˺Ѳ
ƹĻֻ㱻ͽӲѹ壬漴Ȼɢ
ɫһ̩ɽѹƣȻ˶֮С
¡¡һ죬ͷգۼ䱻ɫâûҽҲûзһı㻯ΪƬ
һֱϰŵһɫ̺һһǡôĴ˳٣ȥ֧Ԯ󶫱Сӣ
תͷȥֻ󶫱ĵϣԼǧͷһ;ںʿѽѷ֣ʿԴ·硣
ʿһӣʣʮԱＲɶȥ
սϣʿ̵׼棬ʶռϷ磬ŰڳȻһʱֵסʿĹ󼸺޷ƶλã̴󽵵ͣʿơ
ЩޣȻڽ֮£Ҳһֻһֻıնɱ
սʱźͻȻһŽ֮սеĶ͹糱ˮɢȥ
ϣսָӵļλϼˣҲæһѶϢֹ˸С׷
Ҧȴķüͷһ壬¶˳˼֮ɫ
˷һսǿνǴʤʿǴ˶ŵͯӵȳϼˣһ˿׷ϲɫ˵
ҲֻСʤһڸ˻̫磬Ŀս»ںͷҶŵνЩͷβбȻЩΡҦߵ˵һ䣬漴һŽڷȥ
ͯӣճϵԶʱ͡
ûãʿ׷׷˻
һս٣˵ʵĴȫʤһʱ䣬еʿƴǡ
ڽս֮ʱ칤ڵĿܳ⣬ǧ칤ڵӳ԰ټƵĴͷۡطɳؿ޵ȸʽľͿϣͷս
ͷһҾ޴սÿһսԼʮɣԼĪʮ칤ڵӣһڿһĿնвʱһִޱȵĹ
طɳڷСϲ٣ÿһֻз۵ʮ֮һ󣬲ڶڷ۵ڻ£裬ͬвϻһ͹
ÿһ£Ȼҵıըһİ֫бɢ衣
ŵĹ󶼱Ļַ
еĴͷۣͷжٻİɸ߻ؿȣȴԵЩ΢ˡ
Щޣú;Գ£ȫǹ룬ɴصޱͬһ㣬ÿһ¿ƳٻĻ裬ܽʮɼıƷ漴󷽵ķ۷ɳĹС
ӳս˵칤ʿռ˾Ϸ硣
ء
ڴʱź󷽴һͳĺŽжɿĿʼˣвٹߣʬ޴档
ʱжżʿʧԶ
Σ칤ʿʱһ󻶺֮
ܳһɸߵ¶̨֮ϣһͷ׷ԶԶĿŶųķ򣬱ֱ˫üһ¡
ͬĳͬںǣħš
ȻĴǶ⵽˶糱ķ񹥴򣬲ȴʿʤݺݵĽŵĹƷȥա
ĴųսݵϢܿ촫˳ȥ̩ҪȻҲ֪ܿ˴£һʱʿʢ

̩Ҫ֮УĳʱڣϥһϣǰһСĽɫӣ˫ֲͣĴһ棬ƺڼ
ʦܣԴϢοģ
һľϣϣһ߿һһöѶ򣬿ʲô
ûĿõʱĶսھβ˽⣬޷ƾһϢ߳жϵġҿⲨ򵥵ģͬʱĴǳأȫˣôҲ̫ġ۾˵
ţʦܺһӦò޵ķʸӦʲôΪ֪ͼıɡ¶˳֮ɫ
Щ飬ͽȥǺˣǻһ·ǰ˵ս֮¡ûȥô࣬һת˵
ţȷˡսٲҲЩȥĵģǵȷġһ֮Ȼĵͷ


1032 ֲ
磬̩Ҫĳ´֮С
ԲΣԼĪɴСԵʮֿܷԼĪٶʯΣмһյΧ
˿̣СʯɫµĽʿȻС
˴ȺڵʲôҲмԹԵıĿ
ڴ˵Ӧöǲ뱾رжСӵĳԱ˰ɣЩ˿ЩĿһۣ˵
˵ʦܽҲˣھ˵ֻˣʶҲ֡ڴ˵صЩЩǽСӵСӳҲǼٵڵǿߡ˲°ˣΪ˺պսЩǰĴս΢΢һЦ͵
ʱһĽŲԶĴһ߽꣬˴֮УʯмĿյվΡ
²ܳףǴ˴ʱĶӳ񻺻ɨˣԴ΢Цĳ˵˵ͷ
֣û뵽ˣһΪѾ뿪ˡһ˼ˣæվĳ买һ
Ҳ׷֮ͣ£վʩ
ƺʵС
˿̷ǳʱڣףֱӽɡشҲ˵ˣһζϮģ֮󣬿νǰδЩĴǱַΧʮϾ˵Ŀǰ̩ҪδϮڴ˵صҪԣһƣĴǵҲᱻжϣʱпܱƣҵȾ˿и֮ġ
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ʦ֣ҪķѴ֣֪ҵҲʮʿѣ㻨ѴԴǿ󣬿Ҳάֲ˶ðɣһߣһòٸ֮ɫ˵
һ㣬λҲ̫ģȻԺвֵѸļǿ⾵ǰվѾλˣλѾϡұΪҽһ´Ĵɡʿ˵ţһһŽеһ󣬻һСĽɫ⾵ת䣬´ӳͨ͸
ˣһһתĴһƴСĽɫӣתԵʮ㡣
оаһԺ֮пٹһйڽϢ
ǻ컯һֹһĽƴͨ컯һýɫ䣬ԭһĽɫγһƬɫԴΧɢ
⾵ҲһΪļƷ估ЧĽͨһķϣԽ컯Ĺܷӵ
Ҳһȱ㣬ÿһδ߶޷ά̫ãᵼ½ķҲм϶
һÿΪһСۣʮԽܷӵ£׷ǴСص֮ƷĹؼǴĲ֮ġһƽ͵ĳ˽͵ͬʱһһ׹ɢɳ׼ȷķ׷֮Уȴһöö׹ɵ
Ϊ׼Ҳҽȳôսʼǰһ󽫴Ч󡣡ʶɿһɨеİɫ򣬿
λõʦܰɡ˵Ĳֻķ࣬ʱܷϮѾûʱٸǲˣȽеݼ죬ʱʹʱվλԻᰲšԣЦ˵
ִԼǡ˵һһ
˾Լͬıʾͬ⡣
һȷһЩƻҲͷ׷׵ĸ뿪
Ҳû̫飬һ׼֮ȥȴסˡ
ʦܣڵıҲ˵һЩȻдٵʵʵѾ浤ˡ˴δսһЩͬԴģĹʵǿҲҪСģͻϮʱмǲҪսĳ˵
лʦѣһȭ󣬱ȥ
ϢȣɢķѾͨٵʿɱ⣬ȻҦϵҲû˵Ŀȥ󣬿

϶ˣһܱյķ֮С
ĵϣƹճһԲεķ󣬷ϷзƮŵɫĹ⡣
ҦߺһͷҰӣվڷһǣ⸲ǡ
ڷеλֱֳͬɢɫĹĹڣÿһϣֳһӰ
ڸոյĴսλʲôҦߵͻȻĿϻɨ
ˣĴڶ֮ˣ󾳵Ĵʿ
˵ǴȫʤӮȴЩ̫ˡҶоɣһϣվһ칤ڳϣһͷ׷ݳӡ
ţҲΪġҲĹ֮УȻԺһֻʮ꣬һ۵ӢӣͷüĴһ㣬·֮еһ㡣
λǷ̫ˣĴΪⳡսʮĳ׼ȻӮЩʵҲڳ֮СмһϣվħڷεӰ˵һ۳ü꣬ڳΪһԻվһʮ
λڶ˶꣬ŵʵΣֶȻ㲻һġҦҡҡͷ˵
ҦĪǿʲôɣ벻ߴͽ̡ħƳԵĳüһۣв֮⣬ת׿Ҧ˵
üüͷ壬ƺΪɵû˵ʲô
ңֻǴ˷սǵĶȻ࣬ͳ켶Ĺȴƺ࣬ҲװˡҦߵ˵
Ŷͼı֮£Ҧֿͷüͷһʵ
̫߿ϷˣҲǺͷв²ѡҦҡͷһЦ
ߣ۳ü귢һߣ̬ƺΪм
ҦɫһʼձŵЦݣ·δĺһ㡣
ˣȴɫһڵɫͻȻһģ澿ʲô
˼ˣĬȻ
Ƭ̺ħڵɫڲŻָԭٴ¶˳üӰֻǳüɫ΢ЩȻֻǴһԣû˵
ʦܸս󲻾ãЩʢҦֲҪ֡΢Ǹ˵


1033 ˷
Ҧ߲֪˶꣬۽ëǿյģһЦû˵
ҵȼ縺УڣһлСΪ칤ڵİ׷ӵĿ˵
˷׷׵ͷֻħڵĳüЩΪȻ֮£Ҳûж˵ʲô
ˣҦ֣֣ȴ֪ɻǰںδ˴ζżȻҴٹĴǳأ̵ģԳ֣ҵȿ޷ֵġ칤ڰ׷Ӻüͷһ˵
ԣҲ¶ɫ
λģɻǳϴ˿ںڷȸǶԷͨʿ֣˼ұضβܵġվҦԣһֱûпڵĻҷˣͻȻ˵
ˣҵҲͷˣս½ţҵҲģȥˡ׷ӵ˵ͷֱһڵɫڣɢɫɢ˰ա
ţмҲеĺȻԺӢӼħҲ׷׿˵˸ǻڵɫҲ֮ɢʧ
Ҧ߼ˣҷ˳˷ͬʱ˼ԲηҲʹ
ٴλָƽ
Ҧüͷһ壬תҪһԵĻҷ˵Щʲôһ󼱴ٵĽŲԶ첽ߵ˷ſڡ
λϣոսӵϢⱤٴ⵽˴ӶŵͻȻϮҹңѾ䡣һ
Ҧߺͻҷˣһܿ˷ţǴ˵صִ³Ϲˣɫʮֽ
Ȱϸ֪ǡҦɫһ˵

ͬʱǶǧﴦһվɽİɽʮ˺űڴˡ
˿̵֮⣬ƣڱ˴Ƭա
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һʱ䣬˻֯һƬ쳹Ƭɽ塣
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һ޴׻֮˱ɫ֣ԭ˺۵Ĺַ˸ºںȻһɢ
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һʱ䣬ڰɽıһҡضʯɡ
Ķˣʱ˷ܵļУˮ·ȱڴӿȥգۼûݡ

ڷϣһƬɵشԲﶼĻɽҰ롣
ĳһֻʣ¶ԫбڵıݣУƺձƻõӡ
⣬ʯɢһأвɫս׵ʿʬ壬ЩѲȱϱ۲֫Ѫһء
֮⣬вپͿܵĲкɢĴ
ƵһĻĻĴ򣬲ʱš
ûãĴŵĸ߲㳤ϱյ棬ڶ̶̲յʱĴŶݣѸײڶ֮ݣû˿¡

ܱշУҦҷٴβɵԲηǰüͷһصӡ
û뵽չּˡǰһϣ칤ڰ׷ӿЦһ
жʵϣʵڷʤö˵ʲôٵĹƶǲˡҦ֣Ǳ߿ʲôý飿ҲϣȻԺӢӣɫ˵
ֱڣǻûܳײԷ׶˶ٱֻʱΪȴ֮ˡҦҡҡͷ˵
һ㣬ҲͬģǿԿǷһЩСͱݣߣǺ͸Ĵͱ֮Смڵħ˵Եü꣬ȴ֪ȥ
ͬҽĴǲ򲻵ѣҪ׵ӽ֧ԮԷʺϳ־սǻԾƶ˵칤ڰ׷˵
ȻλѾ̶ˣҲûʲôͰȥɡҦһ˼󣬵˵ͷ
ȻԺӢȻҲûʲô
һɫڷ׷ʧǰ
Ҧ֣ȫؾݵĻ̩Ҫ൱ڳױ¶ڹǰˡ˵Ҫм䣬ҽĿǰδзִûĵܾЩϾ˵һʧݣҵȽ׹뱻ľ棬һ½Ƹϣ㻥ͨϢҲ޷ˡڶ˳ʱҷͻȻ˵
ЩȻ֪ڰ־ġˣǽǰΣҪġ⣬ĴŶԴҲзѽܳʱɹȥˣҲԮסһйϮ̩죬ҲùڵĵġҦߵͷ˵
ԭҦаţҲͷˡԮ̩ҪķֻҪԳ֣֧һʱûġҷԣ¶˷ĵɫ


1034 ٳ
賿̩Ҫ
ɵոոոһ˿ʱԭ׵ܳǽϣȴͻȻһļȡ
෢ֹټ
ִ߳伯ᣡҲǣ
ãϱйû
ʱˡˡľ޴Ҫлص
ţдһƳޱȵĴ˵ĶУСˣҪΧִ̹λ
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Щʻηֲÿһ֮ߣֻмһԱΧ߳˼֣״ÿһ涼⻬쳣һЩķģת
˿̵мˣһŽӲӵԲתɢһƬƬĽɫϼԲ·ܳϥ
ʦܣǰľϡϵµʱ򣬶Ȼ˲ܳ׵Ĵ
ԣһԾ˲ָܳĸ֮ϡ
һƽ̨νƷȻǰѾɫµĽʿУȻУһϣȴǿһˡ
˿̵ÿǰһСĽɫ⾵Χϣ˿Ҳ½½ǰڲܳ׵İ£׷Ծĸ
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⣬˵ߵŵǸϥ£һȡ⾵һ⾵ǰȲ
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Ҫĸ䣬̩Ҫƴֱ֮ʮɫµĺӣЩ˽£һŵԲη󣬱תԵʮۡ
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칤ڵԣһƵĺӰԴȻħڵһɵӡ
ЩݼӢ⣬ԭפӣҲ׷׳һܼܾ͹Բθ֮У˶һȻ顣
ˣ΢΢˿ջĿ󣬽ʶųʼ̽ҪΧ
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޷̽ԷеľѹȸȴǴδеģԷıѾˡ
üͷ壬¶֮ɫ
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ȻǷߵľٶҪķƴŸռδȶǰˡ
𣡡ڴʱܳ׵
˫һɿ趯зŹµͷŵĽɫ컯ʢ
ɫһݣдʣһһǰĽ⾵С
ڵĸ̨ϣ⾵ңӳв𣬲л۵һ㣬һɫĹŽС
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ͻȻһĹӹ
еĶ·ӵһ㣬һʱ䣬쳹أĶξһӶӹ䣬ɫĺһ㣬ֱҪĳǽɿĳ
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ֻǰһһɫеĹ⾵֮ϣһ󾹻ɫ
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˵ԿЧѣܵĹʵ̫࣬˿ûа֮ơ
й˽ɫķҲǴڼ϶ģŷļ϶ͷ棬ס̩Ҫɫȥ
ʱԭվڳǽǰļľ˿ܣҲʼжˡ
¡¡ս׵ľͿ̧ص˫ȣ뿪˳ǽ
ЩͿܲóȴˣ˿ӵĹͬɽ
ͿܵԱߣһƼĿʿģι״޿ܣҲǷ׷Ծֱ˻ɫ֮Уֱһ𣬶סĳͷ
ǽ֮ħħеħڵӳŹ赲ҲǼħʩչħųһħһźڹ⣬Ĺȥ
һʱ䣬̩ҪܣɫɣɫĹϼ裬һŻɫУɱ֮˷
˫ѽѷ֮ʱ̩Ҫ߳ǽ⣬ܷмƽԭϣͻȻҵ
ͬ˺ѿһ㣬Ȼ߰˴ֱɵݡ
ţݴһ̶һŻɫĹ
Ϣ⣬ǹ򾣬ԷԮм֮ϣܳĿһɨ֮£ȵ˵


1035 ɱ
Χϣš򾡱ʱɫҲһ䡣
Ǿеһ֣ʮƣ쳣ӴȻߣȴشͨصڵԿֲٶƶǱ㱻øֹ丹Угĵ´䡣
ֻǴ޼ΪϡУĿǰõϢһҲûмͷģڴûʲôֻҪӵлʵ׽֮ɱʶһ㲻ڴģսг֡
š໡ļһݴ𣬽Ļɫɢ
ţһֻֻͨ尵ɫľ׷״ݴ̽ͷ­֮߳˳ƽԭ̩Ҫ
Щÿһʮɳͷû۾ȴԺڰĴ룬ÿһϣһȦɴСĺɫԲף䲻ϵĳŵĻɫ
ֹǧ俿ǽܳ׵һµ
ڵĸ̨ϣԼæһ࣬еĽɫ⾵һתһִĽɫֱһ򾼤ȥ
һ
ۡһֱӱɫͷ
䡱һ
ͷͬС˲ҷ𣬽ʣ˴س壬ͨһµ̱ڵء
Ť˼֮󣬾ſڵһˡ
мϣܳе첻ϱ任ŷλͷ컯һһĽɫͨΧϵĽ⾵󣬲ϳĹ򾴦ȥ
Ȼÿһδ߶һʱ϶ЩڵٶȲ죬һĹʣµЩ򾣬׷ױͷĵزˡ
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ǰŵĿڵֵΧƽǽϵħڵӷ׷׵ת򣬿ʼƴЩͻȻֵĹ䣬ʵ̫࣬Ȼ޷赲ƽҪ
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ʱǽĻ⣬ͷξҲ׷׳ɹ浤񹥻ĻƲѡ
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ۡۡһһƮȻٵһת󣬾ͻΪһһӰǷɶЫ
ɶȥЩͽ׵ĹЫ˷ɿ
˷ģЩͽ׹ｻҾˡ
ɶһ˷֮ɫϵԲһ׶һģ󣬱㻯˾ͯӳĹ֮гȥ֮ٵͽ׹ﶼͯһӵϵı˺ѷ顣
ˣ˵ͷһתҪǽȥʱֻոս׵Ķͳȴһʢ˶
ȥЫ״һεĵǰ¶һ˿׹⡣
ͳˣ˫֮ͫоһһſ³һźɫĹ棬Ыϯȥ
ЫĿһͷĽɫӡһ˸£һƬ⼤
ܣҲһֻôᡭֻͳ¶־֮ɫʧֽе
ɫĹһӴɫ㱻ֱӻ̻ҵɢ
ֻ󾪵Ҫת֮ʱƬٴϯһҽС


1036 ᧿Σ
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⣬ȻĶԼι״ޣΧ˸ˮйͨ
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ȻҲҪƴ󷨣ȴŵĹ˧ֹ
Ŀһ󱾾ͼޱȣʿʱҲ޷ƣοǸΪ߽׵Ź󾳹˧棬ǲ
Ӽάַ⣬˻سڣͻȻߴһӵ˵
ǽϵһڵǰվߵĻܿ˳ǽҪ֮ڡ
ǽϵĵӣԺܿҲ˳ڡ
һΣɵ˳н̨֮ϣͲܳ׵˼䡣
ܳ׵˵ͷĿĽɫ̨֮ڶƬ֮չ׷ΧɫĻ֮УʹùĻٴηɫ⡣
Щߺ󾳳ٴξһ𣬵
еʿĿܵһУһĬ
̧ͷϷҲ粻
ʦܣղԣƺ֪󣿡վԵ壬Ŀ˵
˽̸ϣҶֻ֮ԣżȻĳżϿؽܡ̫ϳϸո˵ֻҪ󷨻ڣ̩ҪһϵжϡջĿ⣬һۣ˵
ü̩ҪҪԣҲǳϵһжϣǵǳҲڳ˹³ǡ
ǣУϹŹһ󷨣˸һзʶĴ⣬һĵطǴ󷨻ֽڵ֮תɴ֮Цһ˵
ԣ϶ʱһס
ǴŨ֮أˣһʱ䵹ûʲô⣬ˣرЩΪµפصӣܲסõġ


1040 ſ
ĺڷĳһ֮ɽһӰһʯϣкɫתͣ
Ĵ΢΢һһף漴һĿ׹Ȼһ鴿׵ʯ
׹Ȼɽռ䣬һΪªȻɽ˴ǿԵɫʯ⣬ˡ
һŻɫ۵ߣɢŵĺ⣬Щƣ޽ǵͷЩѩףԼĪʮ£¿˿ĵطֻ˫֮ϣԴһĽɫԲͲԵЩۡ
еİɢĹâһиֳһаɫС֡
ĿЩַһɨɫʱһ䡣
漴¶һ˿ȡһӵʯ̣֮ⷺ𣬵˸˼֮ɢ
߻ȻվϺһһӰѾɽھ޷Ͽա
ƬطͿ粻ֹȻŰɽ紵ʱȴһ㣬ֱ͸·һ㡣
˫ĿкתĿ֮һܿһеĸо
߲ǱˣĿǰĴ̫ڶƾ̣̫ͨĴʿˣ
̩ҪȻ⡭
߳űƬ̺󣬿תͷһ·ɽ壬ϸֳһ˿ԥ֮ɫ
ΪһܣںڷоޣôĴŵ£ʵҲΪסڷȵ⴦ͨϾͶ֮Ǿʧġ
ٳһ漴һӣһɫֶһ󣬽ȻΪɫ·ɽ壬ͬΧļСɽ嶼С
䵥ʮ󣬷ɫȻʧӰˣеɽٴλָ˱ģ
Щߵ˵ͷһһźƣű̩Ҫȥ
ûɳԶǰպĲһɫϸ˿׵ĸֶȻźƼȥ
˿֮ɲǼһڵĿռѷӿֶдľ
ɫһ䣬һӣȻֳĳɫˣܣ˶ʱһŶĿҫ۵Ļͬһ̫һڰУ˷ųâ
ɫϸ˿ڹâ£ɢһС룬дһģ֮С
΢΢ζһ£ָֻܿƽ
һ̣˶һΪɢһգ¶Ӱйâһ˿շѾָƽû˿״
ߣ
һţ˫ǰһ棬ϵĽɫԲͲȻ³棬ǰγһİɫ
ȥ
ߵһ㣬Ȼмһ̼仯Ϊһֻɫݣ˫һȶ£һģʧ١
һ̣ɫʮһȻֶһ߿УĻһɫâ˫һȣһͷǰ
ۡһ
ǰռ·ˮһ㣬Ť˲ûУ漴Ȼһըİɫ˷俪Ⱦ˷ԲķΧɢĸ£øնŤ˱
ڴʱըĴһӰһģ󣬳˺ʮ⣬ңңš
ſˣΧĴĿ׹ȥ󣬺һ˵
ٺ٣Ųһѵ𣬹Ȼĺܣ
ɫӰûлشߵʻһЦ󣬺ɢ¶еݸ߹ӰһС
ü΢˫Ŀ´ͻȻĹ
ݸ߹ɫ쳣Ĳ԰ףͦٿһͨûʲôһ˺ɫĹǵѣǵѵһˣһҰɫͷһζ䣬һɹʰĵڸƮǡ
ͻȻڴˣϷˣĿſеĹǵͣƬ̺һĵ
ǵŲµֶܹ赲ĳ뿪ǡſһڳɭ˵
üͷ΢壬ͻȻڴԼȻԷ̩ҪԤı뿪ڷĴͨΣˡ
һͨĶ½ζʲôȻޱ
ţĿһͷһ⣬һƬĺɫΪģ߷չ
·ȰѻǲҪΪáſһЦһӣеĹǵðһɫ
Χʱһصĵ˷ĻɫʱſӿΧ֮иֳһֵİӰ裬ЦΧص
ٹҹɫһ䣬Щŵ˵ɫ׳˵ѿ

˿̵̩ҪԾɱһ˶ޱȵĺɫ߸κ
Ͽգü˧˾һڰ֮Уü䶼Ϊ˷ܡ
ɫܣȻȫǺѹѹĹ
Ȼ˿̶ֻвˣЩǾеľ񣬶ڶŵʵԣʵδ̫ࡣ
ļƲ߹ȻЧˣ̷˧Ŀ˵һ˿˷֮⡣
⻹˳üֺϵ粻֮࣬˵Щ֣򵥿ǣҲ޷ͬʱ·᲼Źˡһ׳˶쳣Ĺ˧˳ü˧һۣ˵
ߣΪ˵Щڤ粻ǻ˲СĴۣЩֵˡü˧һ
̩Ҫ⣬ǳҲ͹Ԯˣ类幥ƣٺ٣ӽʮɲһͨ˽磡
˵ü˧ٺһЦ¶һ˿̰֮ɫ˧Ҳͬʱ¶˿֮ɫ
ĿǰҵҲ޷̽鵽Ҫе嶯򣬱Ͼڴ˾Ӫ̲꣬С϶ԷҲ򲻿ɵġһֱû˵ߺĿ˵
ϲصģҪеʿ֣Ҳ˲ƿڴ˿أ֤һʧġü˧˵ͷ˵
Ե˵ͷû˵ʲô
ٺ٣ڴ£ҪԽԽأãʿʵͻ壡˧ٺЦ
ǲɲͨʿ֪»ǰȡ˧üͷһ壬Щǵ˵²صģѿǹ£ѾԳˣͨʿڴ˳ֵġ߻˵
д˻Ҿͷˡ˧һ


1041 
УҦߺͻҷ˲վƽķ֮Уɫء
ǰУ˿ȴǿտҲϵ޹⡣
Ѷ޷ת̩ҪĪǡѾݣҷ˿ŽµķɫЩ̫ÿ˵
Ҫأ֮ǰǲľӢӣʵǽֻǿ򲻵»̩Ϊƣ˼򵥾ͱƵġҹƣӦǶʹʲôֶΣҪеĴѶƣĴǳزŻȻʧȥϵҦ߳ĬƬ̺ĿĻص
пܱˡһǿɾЩˣЩӣһʱҲ޷ԮͻΧȥҷԣͷ
֮跨Ѵ¸֪ʦ塭һдѶֶζжϣ֪ͨʦ嵹һ⡣Ҧмַˡ
֮ǰ̩ҪΧʱ˼ǰ󣬻ǽ˻ʦһغڷȣ̩첢Զһ̩ѣͨԻ֪˼һĻ̩֮Χӭж⡣ҷԣ΢΢һЦȡһȭͷСİɫ񣬿Ө͸һֻĳӣȻɣû˿ĺۼ
ǣҦĿ˰ɫ;ϣЩɻ˵
Ҧ˵ʱ䲻ʶ֪ǵʦô˵ƵĴѶرֻһԣô˵ΪýѶϢ˼뿪ʱһһϣʱֻʹһΡ
Һ㿼ȫ˷鷳ˡҦ߼״Ҳһ˵

ͬʱ̩Ҫ֮Ĵŵפصӣִ³ϵĵ֮£ڳǽرƺڲʲô
ҪŹдչ⾰Ȼз赲еǽŨΪߵĵӣѾɫЩˡ
Ƚ߽׵ӣ˿һϥڽ̨֮ϣϽڷעǰĽ⾵Уڲܳ׵£ܵķŴ컯ͷŵĽ⣬ųе
ÿжһƷʯͨʯķ䣬ǿάŷ͡
ԶҪ֮ڣߵʿɫصվڴ֮У˶棬վһڵӡ
߶վŵģ
˿Ȼ˿ɫδ¶ȴͷתͣ
ڴʱ˿̱󾳳ͻȻٻȻʲô¡ȻѾˣֻܾˡ
֮⣬ʿǰվķֱһ칤ڻɫ¡Щ꣬һźȻԺɫ£ĴԼһħںɫµŮӡ
ɢķȴ浤ڵΪ浤ڣ浤ڵӡ
ҲЩӡ󣬶ԮʿУʵǿĶӳӡ
ڴʱ칤ڷһ֣ſһɫĹâ
С飬΢΢һ˿ɫ
ˣҲϻˣ˽еһҪҪȥ߳˵
ԣɫʮƽ
߿˷Ӧ΢΢ͷõͳ˵
ƣҲ֪ˣ̩ҪŹ⣬˵Ѿ֮ĴǴ˿̱ȻҲ˱жϵ˹³ǡ˿Ѿ᧿Σĵز
ʳϣڶǻ̫ŵͨ𣿡ȻԺ󺺣ȭһʵ
ԻʦͨӦ֪ˣΪεڶûг֣Ҫ²ˡ̫žͷԣҡҡͷ
һˣϣ϶ɫ
ͨǿ֮ԻҪغڷͨ½ͨͬʱһ¶Է˫ҲһĬһ˫ͨǿ߶׽롣
ƶ弫ΪȻ˹غĹؼʱ̣ΪͨδֵԭȻǺ֮ˡ
Ȼ⣬ִСҵĴڶ֮ʱΪӦԤΣĴŷֱڸԵһѹֶΡһʱ̣ԵƣɹشΣô˵ƵĴʵЩ󣬹ʶĴ̫ڶ˹أҪפ˵ص󾳵ĳȫϿɣöܹɵѹֶΡһת˵
Ǵ˽λϵͻĴǣһ˿ˡ
˵¹̩ҪİΣֻܽʵǿˣǼϼһĸϣǲҪҵʧȻԺ국˵
ǡԣ룬ȻӦһ
ʱЩȻ˿ľܾ֮⡣
˺浤ӿĿУٵĴһ˿ɻȻ֣̫Ϊѡٵڵʿ
ʵֹ֣󾳵ĳҲĴɻ
ֻоɫ糣һ˿ЦݵĿ
˵֮ǰе֪Ϣ⼸漤սУɱ浤ͳһĻҲͿеġ
λϣҵҪβ뿪ҪйŹ󡣡һ£ʵ
²õģа취ģǵʱǡ߲˼˵
ˣȻɫ졣

ʱ̩֮Ҫ֮ڣʿĴϵĴ֮£˰ա
֣
칤ڷߴһֱȻһӡ
ʿ浤ϵͷ֮£׷׷䵽ǽ֮ϣȻɫɳΪɫĹţڵĺں֮ϡ
ں¡¡Ун̨֮ϣܳ˫Ӷ˼£ҪϿյ컯ʢ̨ܵϡ
һ̣ɫڰ۳һִޱȵľ͹ŲܳһָĹĳ䡣
ĹâŹײһ𣬷ıðͨһƬƺƴ֮
̩Ҫ֮ĶţҪڶϰķ׷׷ɵ˸߿УȫԴ
ŹȻ̣Ĵɣǧ˵ĺ֮£ԭĺɫҲҷ
̩Ҫǽ֮⣬һ󾳹˧Σ϶¶һ˿أ׷׷ȡڵ졣
һ޴ĺɫĴз׷ûͺɫУŹܿٴȹ


1042 ͻΧ
˿̣̩Ҫ֮ڣߵʿҲˡ
ͬʱһ٣׷׼˸Եķ
̫žߣһӡĳִͼɹ⾵һߣɫӰӾ浯Ӱͬһ㣬ΧĹζѣڵź
칤ڷӻͳһŰɫâĻط֣дʣƾյһתĻһԲι̣һУвϵһޱȵѩƥ˷Ĺȥһɱ̹ǵĺɢĺתٶƺ˼֡
ȻԺǰһƵԲ飬ϵļһɫ籩һײڹ֮ϡ
ħڴķ䱳ĺɫʯ˿ȻǰǴ˰֮ޣ·һСɽ𣬱˶īɫģһȦȦɫ⻷ƾոֶԥ˷Ҷȥ
ʿּƱǧӼһԺʹøոȶһЩĺֿʼ
̩Ҫ֮⣬ü˧ɫһм죬ڹԴԴϵע֮Уӽȹ̹
󾳴ܾһ󣬸ն
ʱ˿̣Ҫ˶Ŀ۽˼ҵķײ֮ϣȴע⵽Ҫһ䣬ǽдһ΢죬ѿһϸСķ϶һĿռ䣬˶
϶ǰԶǹĺĻǽĵطϷǽ֮ϼ֮ķײеĶʿƯ˰գעϵ
˾վڿռ֮Уƺڵȴʲô
ڴʱҪǽϵİգ˱һ޴ķӰҵķ˲ɢƺҲΪ֮𶯡
˷Ҳ·˲ҩһ㣬һʱâʢ

ǽ֮ϣλִ³ϿߵӰҲͷ˳ټĸڵӣϵĹȫ֡
һʱ䣬͡ƿ͡¡¡ĺ쳹̩ҪϿա
ɫ߲Ĺâ缲һ㣬ϵĺܵĹ֮ϣϵĺҲ׷ɢ
֮⣬üȹ˧״ɫ䣬Ϻӿ·ӿ롣
֮⣬ĶͳҲٴа㣬̴µĽݼӢȫע뵽˺֮С
̩Ҫǽ·Ŀռ֮У۾ʱһ
ڣ
һ̣ǽ֮Ϸ϶ڻȻѵһ˶ߣ˴
һһɺɢ档
ںڻ֮£˸ɫâ
һ׹ҫԲ̣һЩŹֻƺޱȵķģдʣԲ֮һɫǰĺɫ֮ϡ
ڰ׹֮£ɢ
ԲǾ߸ƽر֮ǰͯǼƾ£ѷһ
ҲȡųƳƱ
ħŮһöͭСȻԺ󺺼һâ˸Ķ׶칤ںͷһֻɫͿܣ˫֮ͫ⣬İɫԲ̵ĹΪơ
˲ϴ߶ƽ֮£ǰĺĻǳ
Ϸĳǽ֮ϣҵķڳ֮й⻪⣬˶ۣ˷֮С
˵С˿Ҳۡ
У칤ڷ߿зһŭȣз仯ɫطֹâţһĻΪһʮɴСѩݺݵ˻˺ɫĻ֮ϡ
⣬ͷķӰһ֮޵ӴӰ˫ȭҲ۳ĿĻɫâһȭһȭصĻںĻϣȭӰ´ɢֻۺƿ٣ԴԴĺֲ
⣬˧˿ɫҲЩѿԽԽĲһйҲֻȫάִ
澹һʱֲµӡ
˿̣ǰĺϣΪϷķ񹥻ƽ䲻ݷĹñ˺ܶࡣ
˶һۣж¶һ˿ϲɫ߶б﷢
ҧ⣬һѪڰɫԲ֮ϣԲϵĹŹֻһʢƽ׹ʱ˱
ħڵŮͭСǴзɳһȭͷСɫģŮ޵ķʹ֮£䵽˺Ļ֮ϡ
ÿһַкĻĻΪ֮һ
ȻԺж׶âţһ׶ӰļϵĻѾҡҡ׹ĺĻĳ֮ϡ
칤ںϵĺͿܣ֮дǵĻش죬ͷ֮ϣѿһȭͷСıɫͫһִɫ
˺ĺĻˮƣһȦȦĺɢĻȥԭʵĹâñ
ȻʱһһĹȥ˺ĵطȻԽԽ볹״ͨҪʱ䡣
ǽ֮ϣ¡¡ĹȻڼƱղţѾ½
󾹱ԤϵĻҪƣȥΣˣˣλز׾˰ɣ칤ڻ꣬Ϸһۣ˵
˵꣬һſڣһȭͷСĵɫԲ飬Ȼ浤
浤֮ϣиֳ˾ŸϣȻһö浤
Ļɫ浤һǰĺܵദ
ͷϵ۾ʱ˼֣Ϊһ壬صĺ˺Ļ֮ϡ
󺺺Ů޼ˣ΢һԥ֮Ҳ˸Ե浤߶еƽ
Ŀ΢һġ
û浤ܹ߶еԲ̣ҲֻЫͷĽһˡ
һɺ˳ɢ¶һֻĥ̴СɫЫӣͷ
ҪʶĿЫһɨһ
Ы˿Ǵ˿ҺĹοǰ޳ֻϺȻһȦȦ״ĽɫƣͷĽڱɢ⣬Ҳ֮ǰˡ
̸ܵЫ˿ϵϢ¶һ˿ŵɫ
Ыڵʮɫᾧ֪֮һγһ΢΢תͣɫ
ЫôЩŵŵ
ˣҲ֪˲ٹѪ⣬⼸һֱججģ֪ôͻ˼ٵڡЫƺǻЩģ૵Ĵ˵
ԣЩȻ
ЫںܾǰΪ͵˻ڵ۷壬֮ǰ˾޵ѣ֮˲浤񾹽׵˼ٵ磬Ҳ֡
ͷתȻΪˣǰҪȻϸ˵Щʱ


1043 ;ɱ
浤ЩĿͣͷЫһֻۣһͷٵڵĹ裬ܿƿĿ⡣
ڴʱЫͷӡȻһһҫ۵Ľɫâ
ˣһϲЫ׼ٵ󣬷֮ǰȣȻִĿ˲١
һ̣еĽɫâ۳һִǰ˹ĺĻ֮ϣɫʱѩ̿һ㣬ɿɢЧȻκһƽﶼҪã
칤ںĿЫһۣĿͷϵĽӡͣƬ̡
˵ıͻ࣬ȻǺ£漴Ҳ׷׼ʹȫ
ǣЫͷŵĽӳ£Ļۿɼٶȣɿ찼ȥ
磬Ĵ磬硭
ڣĻһζһ£ƿһɴСĶڣΧĺ䣬ƺҪֺȱڡ
ߣ
칤ںͺһֱӴӶڷ˳ȥ
ҲĽŷɶݶһеĽЫջ׿һۺһΣһӹĻϵĶһ
ոշɳڣڡءһ죬ָԭ״
˷һ뿪˿Ҳԭ̷ͣɢŲͬķɳ۶ȥ
ûдƹʱڴһзƿСǰ󲻹ϢҲȫƾ˵Ĵһʱ˷ǡ
תۼ䣬ݳ˶ŵذΧ
ոһɵʱ򣬺Ȼоһ飬·ĳ־һסˡ
ܣ
һȴӸ߿մһɺȻѹʹһ
һ̣ͷֱһĶСľ޴Ӱץ£Ȼ˧һֲ죬һֻһץ
ߣ
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һһģ£ȻĵһģһĺӰȻ٣ǰĸȥ
һףԭһɫ޴Ӱڰж˰ϢһΪĵķֱĵӰѹ¡
ҪıϢͣ٣
䡱һ죡
ĸ޴ƿ֮ǰĵӰѷɳ˸ǵķΧ
ڻħͫþ֮У֪ģ˶ٴκĽ֣ԸʿûһУޱȣ
ɵĵҲǸڵ̳ͬ׼£Ҳоյĸ˧һ
ţһӣһɫзס壬һϹ⣬һ˸㵽֮⡣
Ҳʩͨųۣ˫򣬳
ͬʱ̩Ҫ֮ڣߵȻ˵ľΣȴԥͬʱȻһ߶Ӱ˸ΪĹʹٴһ⻪Ҳ
Ͽգ̷˧ŽнԶĵݹ⣬бŰɫһȻСƤߣβдŭһҪ׷ȥ
վסػҪߵڹ׹˧Ķ
Ҫ֮岻ϵĳŹҲǿס󷨣һˣһƣǰˡ
˧һ٣ڻͣΡ
Ƭ̵ĵ飬Ѿĸ㣬ʧԶ
ӳ̩ҪȻͼıôû𣿡˧Щʵ˵
ߣȥ׷ҲЩˡߵ˵
˵ķɶݵķӦȥĸǳء쾣֪̽ͨΧĴǳصЩһ˽ĸСü˧ȴһЦת׶ԵһųɫĶͳ˵
˴ӦһȡһƴСĺɫִһһɫâ
˧޺޵ĿӶݵķ漴һ˹֮ϡ

̩ҪһɽϿգһɫԶɳ۶৵һͣ¶Ӱ
תͷķ¶һ˿һ֣˿ֽһźס壬ŽǼ۶ȥ
̩ҪͽǾԶһδӽǵ̩ҪԼĪյʱ䣬һȫ·һһҹ֮󣬱ɹ˴·̡
ɫţһɽϿշɳ۶ʱȻ·ɽ֮ϸ˿ĺ߼㳯ֶȥ
Уɫһһӣֽɫâһһתһɫֵǰ
һĦĴ̶˿ֽʵķ飬ƺɢ
·ɽ֮ϣɫݹͣǰ֮⣬Ȼͳ죬һĿ࣬ϴںڵĺףһһۣһɫɡ
ɫɽӦþǴˣ
۶ͳĿܵĿֽϿһۣ˵
ߣֻһٵڵСȻһһһ½ǣ㲻ҪˡһĿĶͳĿһۣкڹһһĹǹһ̹ǹ֮ϯ
һȣ
ͳºݺһ壬η·һʸȥ
ĵһһЫз˳ǰ
ͳһֻǼٵڵĹޣһйǹڹţֱһХǹӰ
Ы˵ǰǰһ棬ͷӡǹâһһɫƿֱӭǹӰ
վԶĺ۶ͳԭ˫ֱۣϾĹսţȻЫ˲䣬ʱɫ䡣
δʲôӦд죡
ǹӰһ⣬ɢ
ͳڽֵ˲䣬Ҳ˫ĿȻɴһ𣬾Ϳаȥ
ڴ˿̣ӰһȰǰֱһһʮɳɫ⣬һ£
ͳգ޷ٴαΣ鼱֮£͵һſڣһڰɫĹŹԲ̣ǰ
Բ̵һת£ڰɫ̼ǰһ¥СĺڰУһȻкҪɫС
ޱ飬˫һʮɳīƶɫ֮ǰݺݻ˺ڰ֮С
¡һ죬ڰɫ׹ȻһɢɫâȻɢ˴롣
ţֽɫžն¡
һ
ڰͬ󷽵ĹŹԲ̾һͬһնΪ
ɫͣļ£Χſͳһƣֱӽն˼Σںͬһ㣡
ֲ߽Ϣһ浤ͳ죬ȻѸֶնɱ


1044 ֮ս
һеĽֽлأĿһתһߡ
Զĺ۶ͳ죬ſڽ࣬һûзӦ顣
ĿϣŻعеľ֮ɫȻ˺֮ɫкɡ৵һſһת£ĺ˿ɡ漤͹ЫС
˿ֵ˲䣬ȻһתһĽУԶɶݶȥ
кһ˫ʮָ˼£ʱ״ɫָ䵯Ϲէ䣬ʮ绡Ծ£̼һɫ֮
һ̣ĺ˿Ȼ׷ײ˵֮ϡ
֮죡
ɫ绡֮£˿ʱΪɺ
һΣһĴӺ˿м䶴˺۶ͳʮɴһ㣬ֽɫ˸һ¾һʮɴС⣬˲ư˺۶ͳͷ
ն
һȣֽɫ绡ݺն¡
۶ͳɫ䣬̧һſڣһöɫ羵һ⻪֪ǺֲƳɵġ
һֽײ£΢΢һȻһµ
۶ͳһµ飬Ҳ
ڴʱӰһһģĵǰ˫һͷī˻ų伤
۶ͳɫһף߶кɡʱ
ˡһһƬ貵Ľ󱬷ԲʮɷΧС
ȴЫķ
ɲǼ䣬ͳ챻ɨðˆĺɫ¶ʹ֮ɫ
ڴ˿̣ͷһͬѿһƬڹ⽫۶ͳûУһɫһûڹ֮С
Ϣ֮һɫݹӰɽϿռ۶ŽǷȥ
ڵӣڷɻظɳǳص;УҲ׷˻򰵵Ϯ
浤ͬʿУҲǿޱȵĴڣʵ֮ǿԶЩ˧󣬴˿Σ¸ֶƵ·Ķţǻɱƽѡ
պ󣬽⡣
ԾɳŶԽǵĹƣģѾ󲿷ֵĶֻǽǳΧסûз
ڴʱɫݹգɿļ۶
ߵĶ֮УһŶǵĶͳ״ӭȥ
ɳ۶ĺɫݹ⻺ɢȥâ¶ӰȻǴǰɱĿ׳ͺ۶ͳ졣
λôͻˣ쳤ϷԸǸСѾɱ𣿡ͳĿڿ׳ͺͳһɨһЦ˵
һٵʿǶ˳֣ܻʧ֣ǵսƷ׳Ϲһһɫɽ˵
һԵĺͳȴû˵
λںδ»㱨һ½Ϻá׳Ŀ¿һۣ˽ϿգһƬ֮Уͫ΢΢һ
λڳϲսҿ㻹һȥ㱨ɡͳ˵
׳ͳһͷһŽǷȥ
ͳüͷ΢΢һ壬ǰĶƻʵת֮ѾɳʮɣƺЩ鼱
ȵȣվסͳͻȻ뵽ʲôɫһ䣬Ȼȵ
Ȼ׳ͳǵûվסλģٶһ¼˱
ΧĶȻûӦĿſͳԵĺͳ졣
ŸʲôǼٰðƻסǣͳЩܻȵԶԶĴ˳ȥ
ͬʱһ׷˹ȥ
ͳôһΧĶŶʱӦ˹ǶŵľӪڣû˷ĹǷ׷˿׳ˡ
һʱЩ
Ҫһѷȫϣͳ쿴ǰ龰ܻĺȵ
׳Ȼʹǧ䶷ıεˡ
˿¶һ˿ЦڹһȻΪĵһģһӰͬһԵġͳ족һ𣬷׷׷ΧĶ֮УʧӰ
ĿȻʧ˹Ͼһ㶡
ͳһȻεض𣬷ɵ˸߿գĿ⳯·ɨȥ
·ĶŻЩң˻Ҵܣһʱֱ֮治ĸǻȺðƿ׳ͳ졣
ܿͳ㲻ΪⷢˣڻұԵһӰ۶ŽǷ򼲳۶ȥ
ͳŭһ³һڹǸӰȥ
ڴ˿̣¡¡
ʮɫâҲͬʱǸӰȥ
ٷӦٵĶξҲ׷׷Զ빥ǸӰѾ뿪˶ţõˡ
ʮɫӰû棬ҵıը
ߵĶзɧ֮Ȼ󻺣ǽϺܿע⵽
ô£ǳǽ֮ϣһ浤ӳΣɫһ䡣
ƺڶеңһ浤ʿӿڵ
ŵĵˣ϶ʿȥ֪ͨλϣĴʹߣ
䣬̱˳ųиȥ
ͬʱ࣬ըƽϢ¶˿ӿݵĵ档
𣿡һξЩȷ˵
ߣܵʮһ浤ʿҲܰȻξµ
˵䣬ըɢȥ¶һſڵϵĺɫӰ˿Ѿѳ˺ü飬ޱȣۿǲˡ
ͳ״һ
ڴ˿̣߿Ȼڷһƾֳһźɫĸߴ쳣ӰȻֹǵһ󾳹˧
˧ֺ󣬿·ΣɫһɫһĿһתĶԶĳƬյش
һһ̧һֻĶСĺֵǱϿոֶ·ץ¡
ˣֵķΧơ
һ˵кĲһ𣬸ֳһɫӰͷľ֣Ȼܲ˵һģŽǼȥ
Ӱ
ߣ
˧âһĴֳһ˶ʺģʹþӰһ±֨֨ļѹδӴ棬ѾһȦȦĲơ
ˣɫһ䣬ɫâֶգۼ仯һɫϣȻһףµľ˫ȭ
һ쳹Х
Ϻ˫һ˲ûԣͷ
ÿһԣʮɴСۼëޱȣ廢һ𣬻һֻʮɴСȭӰֱϡ
¡¡
ֺȭӰײһ͵زһ£ɫȭӰȻɢҲ΢΢һ٣£һɾȻ
ͷ΢΢һ࣬˾ͬ߷һббķ˳ȥ
֮е˧Ҳƺһһĵһ
ĴȻҲƿһ󶴣֮顱һɢ


1045 ƴ
ŵķɳʮɣǿס壬ɫһףѪ
˧Ͼ֮ɫһû뵽ȫһٵʿȻֻѪ
ɫһһӣϷһץ
ˡڰбһ磬漴˿˿Ƶĺɫڰո֣תۼ۳һţһ¥Сĺɫ޸ֶ΢΢һ֮󣬳ͷȻ¡
һصѹնŤΣֳһȦȦۿɼĲ״ۼ
ѹ˲ϣ嶸Ȼһȫ·һ̾Ҫѿһ㣡
󾪣Ҫһ׹ӽǷںɫ֮ϡ
ڰɫâȻ汬ת£ӿסȫɫâˡ
˿ǿܹ壬׹֮һöСİɫ񻷣ڣһɻԡ
һ
ǽ֮ϣҦӭĿ˧ңңԡ
ֽɫ޸ֵİɫ񻷹âʢžһɫ޸漴ء
ϱһ׹⣬С
ɫһ䣬ת׳ԶǾ߲кȱʬһһ⼤ء
һŵɫǻƽʿ
ʹûƽʿķѾ죬ȻҲá
һ̣׹ס壬ŰɫһͬΪһƿնߣ˧ٳ󣬾˽ǽ֮ϡ
лҦϣ
ǽϣƽʿתҦ߹һ
ҦĿ˻΢΢˰֣漴Ŀ⿴ȥ
У˧üͷ壬ûм׷һУɫ󸫻һڹ⣬ɻС
ͬʱΧǵĶţҲڼХУȥʱϢ
Ҧ߼ʱˣ΢һعͷҪѯʲô֮ʱһɫâһֳһͷҰ׵Ӱճϡ
Ҧ֣ҷ˺Ҧߴ˸кĿһתҲһԵ
̫ϡһ
Ҽǵɣǰһʱ䱻ǲ̩Ҫҷһ˿ɻ֮ɫ
ǵӣ˷Ƿ֮̩Ҫһ·ͻΧˣҪλ̫ϳ档˵
ҦߺͻҷȻЩ²⣬Ժһ
Ǻ缸ȫϵ̩ҪжϵǶȻҲҪǲͻΧȥΪԭûܳɹ
ﲻ˵ĵطɡҦ߻һ׹⣬壬ųȥ
ҷ˷ɿ콻һ³ǽϵļ浤ִ³ϣϷĶźҲһεĸ˹ȥ
ոǸˣ𣿡سǵУܿϳ
֮УڽУҲһСʶȻ١
˵ǲ̩Ҫȥˣô⣿
ѵǴ̩ҪӹģΧʿ׷
һͷͯӺ͹˶˶һۣҲ˿ҦϴߣǶȻǲ岻ϻġ
ʦôˡ
ǽ֮ϣԭСӶӳͶλϵӰ߽ͬ૵š
Ҧ߶˵Ĵ£ֱ֮еһܱշ䣬Ҧһſһ硣
ˣûˡҦߵ
̩ҪΣҷЩ͵ʵ
̩ҪǰͻȻϮҳλ̩ſ˹ǳرԡŹ󡯷ʿλ϶棬Ҫ֮еĴѶźҲȫжˡ֮⣬ол˧Ĵڡ¼ҪĽ̩Ҫһ¡
Źԭˣѹ֡ҦĿһһ˵
ҷ˧ʱüͷͬһ
Ҳ󾳹˧ǳҲǲ㾡ȫһٽĴˡ
ˣʦҷ˺Ȼ뵽ʲôʵ
ʦһֱûгֹϺɵĳ֮󣬾ĴɸǲһͻΧǣٸĴǡõӽλϵġһһƴСԲ̡
ԲƺͨĳɣէһЩۣȴɢһĪϢ
Ҧߺͻҷ꿴еɫԲ̣ɫһ䣬һۡ
Ͽɻл𣿡Ҧһʵ
˵ѾĹͷֻжֶΣпŤתˣҲġص
˼ˡʵǶҲд⣬һֱûѡҦߴнӹԲ̣˵
ҷҲصͷ
ˣ߶ֶҪÿһҪ֮ӦشģӦѾð˰ɣҦֿ˵
ϲصģѾĴڸ˵ӡɫδ˵
ǾͺãˣڴȵϢһԺʱҪæҦߵ˵ͷ˵
Ӧһߵϥ

칤ڵĿܳ⣬ͬŰΧȽǸ˲ٵӡ
˿̳ľſƺЩңǳϱ߿ǽƽԭϣɢһɴСķ̿ܵĲк𻵺ۼƺǸձƻá
ܳһ֮ڣۺ飬Ҳദˣ˿ϥڵϣһݳİ׷վһԣзһȦɫĹâ档
Աߣһź٪ͷȻ죬ɢϢ׷ˣ˿
֮󣬺۾ϵ˺Ѿ˴࣬վ˵
лȳϳѾûˣ
ˣϻ֮˵̩ҪˣӦǼһҪ¸Ҷ˰ɡ׷ϵİ׹⣬˵
ǵģϴ㶯ܡһжһε̡
׷˼ˣͫ΢΢һ漴ͺ٪彻һȫ΢΢˵ͷ

ħĳ¥֮С
ԭˣȻʯҲͬ⻽ħᣬǾɣ֮⣬Ҳûõİ취ˡ̾˿˵
ԣ۵ĳüɫȴЩ
ǰһŮɫĴֶ΢΢ƺЩ֧ӡ
ȥзħ׼պ󷴻Ը


1046 ƾ
ȻԺڵĺ⣬һƴԶ۶ڰһȦ¶һʿӰ
˺ȻһΪĹ˧˿䵥һѪģڵһεεѪ
ΧĶƺΪη壬˧׷״ҲҴӡ
˧ֱ߽һʱĺʯ֮С
Ѫħֿ鲻֮УһźƳ۵Ŀ󣬵վ
ͨһһ߲ȱȫʬ屻˵ϣŻܿǰһĿ󺺡
СĪǱϹѶעǸӿһ۵ϵʬ壬˵
Ȼ֪Щڴʲộ˵ЩʵҺúһ˧˵ţ¶һ˿Ѫɫ
ҡͷ̾˿ͬһΪӦ
⼸һֱֻΧǣ嶼Ҫˣʱǣʾ𣿡˧Щʵ
Ѫħֺαؽ˿֮ǰʮɲķӡֻҪʮɲѣЩʿָ𡣡ӵһЦ˵
˧ԣɫһ£ߵһϥ

պ󣬽ڵĽܣīŵ֮أԲڶ
⼸ն϶ΧڳפϷ֮£ѻĹ估޵ʬȴ࣬ν˲ء
ڵڣжŶ˱ᣬֻԵĽΧʹýǻѵõƬƽ
ʱ͸һԲƽ̨ϣӰӭ
ϷİУ컯ԾƾջתһȦȦĽɫϼ£ӳյĽڣ·һ㡣
͸⣬Լɼһһͷң˫ĿʵɫߣҦġ
һȴۣͷҰͷȻǽһǿճϡ
һɫµӣǱˣǸոһ·ͻΧصǲʱˡ
˳֮ƣмΧһɼĿյأÿжһƴСɵԲ̡
ʼɡҦͻȻڵ
䣬˼Ȼ̧һ
¡¡һӵ洫
мĵϣȻʢϸС𻡴еŴһɸߵԲʯ
ʯתӡĹƣϣһɫ΢ͷ󣬷봦һƴСԲΰݡ
˼״˵ͬʱһ̧ұۣͬʱ֮ŵɫԲʢֶԶûǰʯ֮С
һָ̣һģĳǰһ㡣
ǶʯɫԲһ֮£ɫŵķɿת
ţ˿ü٣ǰɫŷɿת
ͷϷľ컯Ҳ֮תԭ˷Ľɫϼ⽥м俿£𽥻һˮͰϸĽɫµֱӽ·ĽɫʯС
ߣ
ڴʱ˿ԼͬȻֹһͺȣͬʱȻһŵ
˼һĻˡ
˿ɳʮɿʱм͸һľ˺аεض
գۼ䣬һųεľ޴ɫţ֮󣬷һһ㣡
ͬʱǳǽϵĽӣǳ˷Ĺ溧Ȼ֮ɫϷһĻ澰
޴ɫ˵Ŀ£ڲ
аɸʱ
еĽ⻯һɫԲ˷ɢٶ֮죬ʯһ㣡
ΧŨһɫԲ׷ɢһ䣬еͱɫԲɢ߰˰ˣ
ã쳷
Ϊ׵˧״ɫ䣬æһйˣͬʱλҹһĳ
Ǵ˾ٶȻЩˡ
ɫԲգۼ͵ΧĹ֮У
й˶Уһڵ㣬ɿСϢʧˣ
ʱеĽʿ֮ɫŸ߿ա
ϿԭǸ޴ɫţѲӰȡ֮ģȴһаɣͨӡһɫƣһԷɳĽˣ
ͷڽӳ£ݣԼɼͷһŽɫת˿˫ֱ۵ǰ
Ҧ֣һ˼ؽԷһ˸ߣĿ̩꣬Ҫһߣҷ˳Ҧߵ˵ţ˵󼸾ȴмֱˣ
ֻ󼸾ȴޱȵĴ·еӶС
·ԭԳھ޴Уҷ˵Ļŷ׷׼Ļع
ǣͬĴص

ͬʱ˺Ǻ֮⣬Ƶ龰ڿܳǺͷħͬʱš
ܳܣԭΧƵжӰ֪ʱѾʧһգԭϣŽƴ̱ǵζɫڡ
ڹ㳡ܼǽϣĿܾȻ׷׽ĿͶ˳ǳĹ㳡ϡ
㳡ϣȻһԼĪһٶɣ˫ĿͿܡ
ͿһɫȻڱεķ겻͸ֻ˶ֱ۷ֱһڶʮɳľУһƴɫƲޱüȻǶһ˶ޱȵɫʯ
ԵİУһͷ׷ݳӼһݺͰ٪ͷա
֣ǳؾͽˣ׷˳źͰ٪ͷ˵
٪ͷû˵ֻ΢΢˵ͷ
һӣӣ
ǣ

ķħ⣬˿Եʮֵ
ǽϣվӰǳϷһź۵ĳü꣬˴˿̶ޱųǳǰƽء
˿̵ƽϣԼĪźɫµħӣˢˢķ˸ݵӭ
˸м䣬Χһᣬ߰ʮɴСȻ
ͷȻһȻһͷŴ˲֪ٱľ棬沼ĸ¥СƬÿһƬƬ϶һȦȦƣ¸ֻĴ㣬˶ͷ­֮ϣȻһԷ·ǰĺǡ
ǷħڶѹֶΣͨӡϹͨħһƷֻħᣡ
ħһԺм䣬վһźɫۣʮֶԶ
ͻȻĿ˻»һȦȻתΣĿ򱳺ķħǷ
ʦ㣬ģһнҾˡδڣħϷĳü꣬˵
΢΢˵ͷתͷ˼ʲô
ţһХ·ľħд
ħ˫Ŀһ±ѪХ󣬱ڹһһ·ֻڳ
Ÿʲô۹ȥ
ϣŰ浤ӳһȣħӷ׷ħᱳϡ
ħٷһХžβһ˦ڳȻһȶø쫷಻
ħ޵ڷħ˵Ŀע£Ȼһ˶ڹڿշȥǰˡ


1047 
ŵĵڴݿȥΧ֮ƺ󣬱ֱ̩Ҫ򷴹ȥ
ǧ뿪ĸ߿֮У˧һͷ𷢵Ĺ˧ɫѿڴˣԻмҰ֮ɫ浤ͳ죬Ķţڸոս֮бһɨ⡣
Ұ֮У˱޴һչԶɶݶȥеĻٽӡ
ûãһ˽ʧ֮⣬Ƿ̩Ҫ
벻徹Ȼɱﵣǿɺޣ˧ҧгݵ˵
ɲ֮ãĵҲ𷢹˧Ե侲Ķ࣬˵
ߣڲ˵ЩʱɣľŶѾˣڸô죿˧ûͬһۣ˵
Ȼͨܣҹ䶯壬˧֣δزֵܵסھͿܷǰʮɲֻҪܲɲʤǵġ𷢹˧˵
˵ҲмֵǺã̸ȥ̩Ҫɡ˧ͷ漴һ֣Žļ£һźƣ̩Ҫȥ

н˿·һ·֮ϵĹȻԶԶĶ㿪
һɽӣճϵĴ£˿ûлѣһ·ͨĳ̩Ҫȥ
պ
ʲô
̩Ҫ֮⣬ԶԶĿȻһĿ⣬һ˫ľ޴˽ɼ
һ̣һɳɽһѹϯ
ڳĶŸ߲׷׾ڹϿյ󾳹˧ɫѿ
ãԮˣٶȺܿ죬ϾҪˣһ׳ţĹ˧Ŀһ˵
ĸӦǽǵĽţü˧ɫ˵
ʮа˾źǼߵСйأɶ񣡡Űɫ̷˧ҧгݵԵ
̩Ҫ֮УפʿĴ£ʩչֶεŹʴ˧Ѿû˼ȥЩȫ򼲳۶ľ޴ˣתͣ
Ĺ򣬴һɻذϢѾɳ۵˾Ҫǧɾ롣
аɵߣɼĽɫƣɢɽâɵӳͬ磡
ΧǳصĹˣ׷׺ȻʧɫĴ
ϣ
УһգΧɫŻգۼ۳һ޴ޱȵĽɫ⽣ֱһӣ޾ƣңңĳŹһն¡
һޱȵĽɫ⸡ն֮Ƴ
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зӦĹ׷ʩչݷܣཫʿߵĴǳҲӦ׷׺ԱӴܶȥ
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һ貶Ŀ˵ϯ㽫ǧδĶŽʿһɨգ
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򶨣ϢӦǽˣ̩Ҫգһͷϲɫ
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ţĵݹɳ۶ǾߵĴŵϣ漴Ҫ֮еʿҲһһݹ⣬׷׷˳
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ˣ˿ڽɫͷдʣɫԲ̣ƷͣÿһԲ̶һֱ۴ϸɫע뵽˽ɫ˵ͷ­֮С
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ڽУ˿ĿһĿһ·̩Ҫ
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ֵ⼸գ̩ҪȻŨص̶ȣ
а𾪣ĿһתĿڰյ̩Ҫפʿǣ󲿷ֵͽ׵ɫڣƤϾһɫİߵ㣬ϢЩήҲģ
Ԯգ̩ҪЩͽפʿǣǵ벻ɡ
ڴʱһĶ̷Ů޴ӲԶ˹һ󣬾ԡ
ʦ㣡˵ͷ
忴û˿⣬Ȼɣ˿֮ࡣ
ҲµѨ궼ȻеȻҲһ֮ˡ
⼸һֱûпʦܣԭǲȥȱˡȻһЦ˵
ҲǷ£㲻ʹɫĻص
ʦܰľȱȻ֮һ۽ɫˣ
ʱĽɫˣСɽһ㴣̩ҪԣټĶپԮ߲Ȼʿ
ԶΧ̩ҪĹٹǺ¼һţȻԶʤʿ̲Ѿ
ɫӦɱﵣȻֶΣʿȻթޱȡü˧ҧ˵
ô죿ҵʣ²ʿǸͨˣͲǿԵֵģοԷҲʿ˧ҲһĿɫص˵


1048 ս
ãҹࢻ겿ЩһȻŷŻңˡһֱĬĿ˧Ȼתķ򣬳˵
ü˧͹˧ɫһ䣬תȥֻĶţȻ˲٣ԲϵСɵĹӣԶӴܶȥ
ԭ˵Ķӣգۼɣ
Щʹļһ˧ŭָյ졣
ˣҲûָЩһⳡսԺȥҲ٣ڹ˲ˡü˧һֵ˵
˧޺޵ĺһٿתǰ̩Ҫ
λõģҸոյϢʮɲѾɹѾˣƾͿ쵽ˡߵһѶйâɢȥ
˻棿ü˧Դϲ
ˣǻߣֻᱻɢɱֻҪסһʱ䣬̵ܷģߵ˵ͷ˵󣬼һһ١
˧Ҳ׷׵ͷ
֮һѸٴȥʣǧſʼתͣգۼɢ߰˸
ÿ֮жнǧۼųһţʮ֮Զ
ͷߺʲô·ûиһжʿϷŵĶȻǿС
֣ǾȻûߣĪΪƾֵܵ칤ڷߣЩֵ˵
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ҪУһֱգ˷ʦڿ»ʲô̵ġȻԺˣص˵
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һɫٴκХߺȻײһ
޴ƼѿٴλΪյĹҲľܣʹ˻âɢһա
Ĵ˧ͬʱӿһ쳱ʮɲſסΡ
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ԭ֮еһ׺ƹ취סˣȻóľʿһЩʱ䡣
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仯ͻȻȻһ˲ٹţæתͬʱɫ廤֡
飡һ죬ŭ˳ȥ
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˧һһ̳ʮ⣬ÿ˾ߺĹͬʱһзɳһ͵ںڳһ£Ӱ˺յļ
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˧ӲƴֻƾȰз˲סڲֹš
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ʿ֮УûмֻֽʹڤԵӣ󲿷ֵ˼˾͹۲ս֮ϡ
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1049 ɲ޹
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һ˳˼˫Ȼ΢΢˼£

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Īǡħڱʯ󺺣ɫһ¶һ˿ɫ
Զոֳһڵ㣬֮ԽԽ󣬺Ȼǳ̩Ҫ
һɿ񱩵ѹӿ
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Ӱת۵˸ȻһͲ̫ŽӴޣǷħǵĵƣħᣡ
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ڷȸ˺͹ſͨڰ֮Уš
ΧڷѾȫ̮Ϊʯͷ棬½Ŀռͨɫ֣ҰȻ
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ʮɲݰٴ˽磬Ҳֻά۷ʵܹеùͨ𣿡˵
Ҿڴ˵ȴſɡſΪ˵

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˵ľĿ֮Уɫâ˸һ£ȻʧˣһͬʧĻϹ֮еĶš
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ӵĿ˼һۣĵ˵ͷĿ˲ԶĽˣܣħϣһ˿ײܿ
ͬʱڶź󷽣һɷϢһҡضĳؽŲһ޴Ӱֶ
һͷʮɸߵľˣͨϣΧżªĺɫƤսȹϰ㡣
ΣͷȴһףƺһͷͷһɫĶǡ
ǧʿΣʱһƬȻ
ԶֵҲ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ͻȻֵˣɢһĪȻϢԶԶȲϽ˵ȣҲ۷ʵ
ɲ޹Уߵɫһ䡣
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ÿһʮɸߣͷºʹǰ׾˽һ޶ֻǲϲ֣ȴǧٹ֣ãлţ
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Ŀ·Ķɨüͷһ壬ֻʣЩˡˣ
·ڹ˧ԣһûг
ˣδս֮һɡʮɲţؽЩʿɱһ˵ϹһȻһɫ̡
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һ͵һſڣһźзɫϼֱ֮С
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һ̣ʮɲ޹һȻ׿зһĹХ


1050 ɲ
һҵζȻӵ洫
ʮͷɲ޹˫Ŀ⣬ð̤ųصĲԺΧ֮ƣʿ߿񱼹
ʮɸߵɲ޹ʮСɽһһţѹе÷ͣʹڵʿ׷
ɲ޹İУһϹʮͷɲɫϣʼֳһȦȦĺɫ·
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ÿһͷӰģ·ɲ޹һ޶ʹɲȻųһɳľơ
һ޺
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ʮӰӰΪʮȷݣ
Сģ⡭Ǵеʮɲ󣡡
˴󾪵ĺȵִһϽϹâһֻֽǰһеһ޴⽣ȻǴ˱Сˡ
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ʮɲͽԸʣµ飬ͽˡڴ˰׷ӵ
䣬ʮɲѾ˽ͷİɫм˶ͷ䣬ͻȻһĶ˾޺Ӱ
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һʱ䣬ƿ֮쳹أɫ׶֮ռҲ˵ϸСѷ죬ɼÿһö׶֮У̺˼ܡ
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ս֮УϰŲ۳һӰֽ衣
ǰң۴ǵˡ

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1051 ׷ɱѪڤ
Ŀһап࣬һ˧Ĵڣ
㣡˧һ֮漴ϳŭĺ
գ˴Ƥƿӳ̩Ҫʧ档
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ˣ
һĿɫͷֱ˧
˧о˽̺Ϣɫ΢΢һ䣬󼶱ΪҲԸմȾֺ
ɫֵһĵǰɫ棬ʱɢָ΢һ£˽ɫ
Ыȡ˲Ϣʱ䣬ѾһɽһжأһΣʮ⣬нһӣһɫһͣĳսһȱڼȥ
Ȼ޷Ⱥս
˧Σ¶һ˿ԥ֮ɫת׿սϿգߵ˧Ĵս
Ȼһˣߵˣոպ̫ŽսһԪ
˿ȻģȴƾС
˧΢һԥѾΪһϹ⣬ϱҪʧԶʡ
˧ĿվеĺռϷ磬һ̹ס壬׷ȥ
߿֮У߿˧Ȼս׷һʿȥɫһ䣬Ҫ
䣡
һɴСȻצ˹ȴǶ̫žͷһŻɫԲ飬ͣĴмߵ֮
ֻѹ´ͷӦ
ֻ裬һĿ⳯սݹ⿴˹ȥ
ǹ˧ΪҪȥ׷һһ˧ֻǿϧˡͷת漴

պ󣬾̩Ҫ߲֪һƻߵƽԭĳһֻĻɫһض֮̽ͷ̽Ե˳һĿɫͷϿշɿһǰ
ȽϹǣɫ֮Уɫɫһâ΢΢һȱ¡¡Хŵֻͽ׹˶
ɫʧʣһкָֻܿƽ
׳ŵ̽Դڴ˿̣Ͽһɫɳ۶
ֽһವһҲ¶ͷˡ
ɫݹٶҲǼ죬գۼʧԶ
Ȼ̩Ҫս͹˧ˡ
һ׷һ֮ã粻֪̩˦δԶȥˡ
˧֪ǷΪԸ̫ƫִȻ᲻һ·׷ɱҹˡ
ɫݹ֮У˧ɫʮֵѿ
ԭֶλɱʿйһеԹû뵽ǣСȻ΢֮ۺ񣬶֮죬ȻԶԶԤϡ
ԷмǸɫĸһ󾳵Ĺ˧ȫ׷˳ʱ䣬һֱ޷׷ϣβ㱻Էøֶ˦
ȻҲΪ֮ǰͽһս嶼ˣӲԭʵ
ˣҲŭѣҧгݵҪʬΣйͷ֮ޡ
ͬʱϵĹЫҲܸȤųҲ˿˿η壬Լһ͸Ĺ֮С
̰֮İ𣬸Ӳ׷ŹǰС
ǰɫ֮УɫҲ̫ÿ
һ·Ӷˣθı䷽򣬻ǿ߶٣Ҳ޷֮ˣڷѾνӽݽߡ
˿̣֣֮ȡһöҩȥɫȶâһʢǰƿնȥ
֪䣬һǰһ׷֮ң
˧˿̵ɫˡ
Ϊ˽Թ뿪սºǱ֪Ȼһ޷ˡĴǰСݷַǳ˵ãòƶһʱ޷׷ϡ
˧˼飬һԥһҧͬȡһöɫҩͷȥ˲Ťޱ
ǰ⣬ƹǰһɽ壬ţһɽȳǰ
ĿΧһɨϺ¶һ˿ɫ
ɽȸƯһźƣɢ̹ǵﲻ¡
Ų·һ·֮£Ȼɵ
սԵʣƵؾ˿̶Ѿȫ룬Ľƺڵӡ
ĿһҪɳ۶ɫ䣬ȻͷֻһɫݹŵâѸٵߵľ롣
ʮĹɫݹ㵽ɴˡ
ţһɫƥ˺յľ޴ͷն
ɫ䣬͵һȣ˻һâһԶ

ÿ죬һߵĳǱɫƥһӣɫѪҺӿ
һڷӵע֮Уѿ˿ڿʼںϡѾ޷ʹ޼׾ˡ
ҷôĹ򣬻˷һѪڤСӣ轻ңҸȫʬӰһ˧ʮ⣬˿ŵѪ⣬Ҳֳĺ⣬ʮֹ졣
ɫһ仯ȷԼ޷öѶԷ󣬵һһһɫġ

˧˿̵ĶкһֱһץһֻĶСĺֻȻͷ֮Ȼȥ


1052 ͨ
˷·һֻӬһ㱻صȥҽɽ֮С
˧һЦΧȥɫ΢΢һϳǾŵʵ֮ء
ڴ˿̣·ɽȣ¡һˮâð˳漴ˮɽ֮ȻðΧӶȥ
˧ɫһһ·ȥ
Ӵˮ֮ʱˮһˮ⣬Ȼ赲¶ȥ
˿̣ˮ֮£нѪɫ֮ϡ
ɫɢĿˮ⣬һ֮£һȦĲɢ˳ȥ
Щйâһһµ¶Ѩڽƴа׹һһɫԲ̣Ǿƽر
ԲһɫڸֳһڹĻڰ׹֮£Ѹٵɢ
ڴ˿̣һɰȻɽȴˮ֮С
漴һɵ£ˮȫ޷Ӱ죬ĳͷն£
Ŀһһְֳɫ̣һָֻ죬һͬʱһſڣɽзâ£һСɽӰɿĸֶͬʱһɫɽ¡
ʿȫһ֮ܵ
ɫâնСɽӰ֮ϣɫСɽӰ˲ѿһ϶漴Ȼɢ
·ڳӰʱӰϷһƬˮ⣬Ȼɫâһ¡
̹һ˧Ӱ£˾ŭһִһɫ漴âţ˲ѹ˴Ӱնɽ֮ϡ
һɾɽõϣ˿̣ɫҲѾɫԲƿһ󶴡
һ죬ɽӽƿĶڳ·ʯһȥ
֮ľ޴âվ˺ɫ֮ϣһ½䳹ƿˮ롣
ڴ˿̣¶Ѩ·ɫâһѨڵˮ˲ɱڶµʵʵ
˧ˣзһŭ쵶˳ƿ£ݺ򶴿֮

¶Ѩ֮УſһѪոյĵâܣȻ󲿷ֱɽ鵲˲ٰˡ
ڷɿת£˲ѹƣһڹ⣬·ȥ
µ¶ѨԭһЩͽ׶أܵϵǿѹһĶ֪ˡ
֮䣬䵽˵¶Ѩĵײ
һתľ޴кȻǰԼͨʲôطƵġ
Σϲһ˿
ϴʱ򣬱²ĳ֪ռؾ֮ڣȻ֪ӵʲôطܱԺ󷽹˧ҪǿĶࡣ
Ȼʵˣֺ·£Ҳһ׵ڡ
ͬѨϷһ죬ٴδ˧ŭ֮
ٲɣһ£˲ûǰĺ֮С
һֻ̣ǰһڣ˷ȫǺɫͬʱһɴ̹ϮһεӴ֮£ǿᣬҲɼֱֱ׹䣬·˰յ޵Ԩһ㡣
кȻ£ðһ룬ֹΧŨʴ
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û뵽Ҳап಻һʱҲʲôðʧٶֻƾԼ
֮Уƺ޷ƶ٣ԼҪʲôƺ޷ı׹ٶȡ
Լܸо˧ϢʼԼŰҵľ룬䲻ɴһ
һյ蹦󣬵Χɱĳ̶Ⱥǰȴɢһ˿΢˽
֪ΪΣԭ׷Ĺ˧ǹɱ˵ѹȴļ֮ľƺԽԽԶˡ
ʱһĺӭֻһȻܿƵıʲôֱ˽ȥ
֮£߶ڵķҪȻʱǰľɫȻһ䣬ȻһƬɵ֮У岻ֱֱ֮ˤ
顱һ
洫һ죬ƾնһΰӡ
ӲǶ棬ֻȫҲЩңһʱ޷ֺ
ǿ߶ʶֱѾӦ˹˧ѹһ
κľŽָ֪վҡҡͷ­ԭЩЩͷ­˼֡
̧ͷһͷ߿һƵУۿɼٶ
ͫһٶһɼͨһͷ˧ŭĿԲţֻƺܵĳֽƵĸ޷κ
ֹʮĹͷԽԽСջһƺ̵ƾʧˡ
ͨȻͨԶһ㡣
һʱȫȴ͵һ¡
ȴһ̹ǵϢ˷ӿϢƣȴȶŨ˺ֹ
ʹǿǹҲִгԲĸо
֮£׼תڤԵŨʱ˼һĻˣ
ȴ麣ϷġٵзɿתԽתԽ죬ͬʱһɹԪԴԴĴ麣УһͨͬȫĴִпӿȥ
ԪתʹЩ̹ǵϢҲòô
ڤǾ
־ϲõڤǾת
ת˹󣬻ľŽָ֪ܵҲһһĻָš
ĬĬţٹһһҹĹӦñܳ׻ָˡ
˵ز죬޷£ʲô壬ԼҪԲ˶ˡ
Ŀǰ£ڤǾתƺҲţĿһɨգٴһ
ɵУȻһ̫ͬһĴĿš
ֻǴ˿̵Ĺϣƺȱôһ飬Ҵ⡰̫µġ⡱ϣȴܲ˿ů⣬Ǹӵ䡣
ʱƣڵķתԽԽ˳֫ҲԿʼ΢΢ˣ߿е̫֡˿ȴֻʣͬôһС㡣
ͬʱĸоƺ⡰̫ıСΧгŵŨҲ֮䵭˲١
ֹСʱڻվҡҡͷ­žԭЩЩͷ­˼֡
Լָж׶ŷǰԶһʵĺʯ̳Ũ쳣ĺڻɫ

֮ǰڶͬ˴ޱȣŨ̶ҲǷͬһ㣬⣬Щڤ֮ȻֳҺ̬·𵭵ĺɫˮһ㣬ڼ̳Χ
ܺ󣬷ּ̳Ӧôһɽ֮УԼɼһ߰һɽ̳ΧС


1053 ֮
˫ĿһУ´ǰļ̳
̳ͨɫľʯÿһʯϣĳֹŹŹֵƣһƺɫŨϵĴЩ֮Уʹ̳ŵĹ΢⡣
ջĿͻȻһ£һУɽһʯͷС
˵˵صɽʯƺҲ֮ǰдͬɵʯֲޱȣоӲޱȴأ͸¶һĹϢ
Ľʯͷһ󣬡ۡһʯͷʱһƬϸСۣͬʱһƻɫڤ֮ʯɢڰһ£ֱ֮С
֮΢΢궯ŴЫɶЩ˷ܵ
ǣʵ
ˣ˴֮ǰĴͬޱȣ·̺ŸǿЫش
ЩȻŨޱȣЩ죬ҶǰδӴƵɶ·̫ˣµ
ȺúõĴڴУ̽˴˴֮پǲҪǳ
Ըһһ֣һɵĴѶУһһ̱һ̱ķɿת
Ƭ֮ԲԽתԽ漴ۡһ죬ʧˡ
ȻûЧ
һ䣬üͷ΢΢һ塣
ԭһǱ˽֮УԼѾ뿪˶棬ƽ½֮ϣƵĴѶ̲ŻʧЧ
Ŀǰּпܱǵڶˡ
һ˼󣬱㽫ѶתóһŵɫķɿڷϱȻ
αȻɫķʼһӣڤ֮Ӱ֮·
һ¶λõķҡҡͷٴ𣬲˵һһƺɫһɫƮȻ
Ƕ˶Դ˵ķӦǾ͸ı΢ϡһЩǸпǴ˵صĳڣʵ
Ǳߣ
Ǹ򣡡
䣬ЫɶȻԼָͬͬһ
ãߡ
ˣЩףһĽֻУһڹķɽĹŨ֮С
СյĲϷУڷɵ˺Ե͸ѾʮϡԷһ޴ɫƽԭȻǰ
շɳϸǰƽԭ֮ʱȻռ䲨һһ֮һ
ȻһɳĻɫУ
ʶ΢΢һΣӰ׾ٵıܿ˻ɫС
ٻһƳʱǲ鶯һ¡
ϮģһȻӸиֶĴ󺺣ƤЩҰףͨʿһ޶ȴоһ˿һĻ
һŻɫ
һ̣ޱ߶˼Ļɫ㷭ӿ
ţһֻֻǧٹֵ׷״впеĵͺѣ֮࣬˲ͷƤ顣
Щһȿֺ
Ϊγ͵Ϯң˵Ǻδ
ʶһɨҲǼٵΪЩӿĶֻҺڵΪ󣬲ûż֣˵
ȴ˿ûҪشʵ˼һģ£㵹Ĺ֮УЩǼӿ˷Χ
üͷһһƤһӰһӰһ
ǷɶЫ
ЫǱȱȣ˭ɱĶ࣡ɶһʮ˷ܵ˵ţϴŵİ˿鴮һ˺£̹һ£㻯Ÿһ޶ͯӰɿ˷ӿĹȥ
ߣȾͱȣЫͷĽɫӡ˸ͣ˫һ죬Ⱥһͷͷ׷ڽϯа
ͬһʱ䣬У׳ָͻȻҹ˸һһǵصļ
Щɫп̺ͨϢ΢΢һ£׶㿪˹֮ܿΧΧһŤΣɢڤϢ̹ǡ
ڴʱ׳ɫһ𣬻һɫ㼤£ͬʱ˫΢΢ЩɢĻɫоȻһתȥ
ǰͬʱϮĹûҪֹ˼ֻǿ˫ųһɫЩɫС
ȻϣзһӴɫ˲䣬֧飬˵ɢ
ҪٴζЩɫ֮ʱȻܻȻһһɫһΧȦ
ץˣ
׳״¶һ˿Цݣɬ
һ̣ǵصĻɫз׷׷
䡱䡱һһŻɫ
Ĺ󣬻ɫ潥ɢ֮еĺӰȴһƺɢ
ˡһӰѣ
ಡһ
֮⣬һɫӰһֶ֣ЦЦ׳
˵ΪߣҲϡƽֿĹȴ쳣̾
γֹ׾ٵһһ⣬ӶԷĵ̬ȣ¶һЩ֮ɫϵɷ֮Ũ
ȻһȣҰɫƤ֮һ𣬽ϻɫ߽֣ϪעƤ֮С
Х֮ʱ
˫ĿһУһΣֱӻĵɫӰʧԭء
ڹһ
һӰӲ֮дȵĳ׳
׳һת֮ʱֻϮһʹȴȭӰŽһӿ
顱׳һٿըʧȥ֪һ׹ȥ
ֵ׳ҲһĹ
ͬʱԭʹ·Щʧȥ˵Ŀ֮󣬶ʱȺʼһХĴӴܡ
ЫˣЦһһͷţƬۿɼٶ˷ɢЩڽ£׷׷ʹֽУγٶޱȡ
ɶľͯӣô˼϶Ӱ³һŵĻɫ棬ֱӽЩʴ̻ҡ
ĹЩͽͱЫɶֽɱ
ˣôô죿ţЫһĳԣ̱ϵ׳˵
Ե޹͵ϮˣȻǽʬˡɶ˿Ҳ˾߷һգһĿһ׳
ȵõһЩ鱨˵֪ھںδ
˵ţһεĳ׳ߣȷѾԺ󣬵ֱһָһŵץסǣʩչѻ


1054 ڤ
Ƭ֮ϺȻ粻¶˾ϲ֮ɫ
ˣôˣЫɶһۣСʵ
˴ȻǴ˵еľڤ磡˾ȻǾڤеסˡЦһ˵
žڤ쳣һʿûлԵ޷ģϲˣЫһϲЦտĹϲ
΢΢ףҲΪ˷ܡ
һֱڤǾ漸㹦ڤ֮ˮϣҵˡ
ˣڤѾڶ˰ɣɶ֮Ҳһ֮ɫ
û䲻֪ڤ֮便кϵȷʵѾˡ֮ǰо쳣ȻҲͨľڤˡ˵ͷ΢Ц˵
ԭǾڤѹִ˴ڤ֮˾֮дͬˣȻҲ֮һǾͿԱһˣɶ¶˸֮ɫһζ£ܵ˸һصĵطڴڵʳ
ֿ˿ЫʾҲȥһЩڤ֮
Щֻ˵ǿ󣬻պͻƿҲнϴİ
ʱ䣬ϥ£зɿ𷽲ѻõϢ
Ӵ˼еõϢڤҪΪ֣һǴӴ˵ؾľڤеһ֣ǿ飬һת
ζͨƣòȴǰ£ܱЩתǰļ䡣
һ˵ڤд󲿷ֵ壬еģתҪٵĶˣתʵһ㶼Ϊǿ
е壬һ䵮صڤ֮ŨܡĸߵͣʱڤǿǵԼϰڤĸߵ͵պΪǿת壬ҪתʱԶٵӰ죬Խ࣬ΪҲӦϿ졣
ڤգ
ƺ뵽ʲô̧ͷһе̫֡ʣһ˿ϸڳӯţһ˿Ȼ
ڤգڤġֻ̫ɢģȴϢʱƣͬһ㣬Բȱı仯Ӱ˽ŨȣҲǴ˽ڵĸڣ˳ʥԼݡ
ڤһǿΪ𣬼ΪԴڲһֱϣδͣϢ
⣬ڴ˽ĸ䣬ɢ廹ΪӴӵĸֹ
ȣЩʵǴ󶼺ܵͣҹĹվڤ棬ڤҲ֮ΪҲĶ࣬ʶΪĻ֮ͬһĴڡ
Щͨƿأ֮䲢ʿԼϵһ䣬߳ʵΪǿ߶Ϊ߽׵Щʱ󵹸ꡣ
ȻⶼһܿܿڹУҲмСʻһЩѷǿߵǿȻҲǼߣѷɫеǿߡ
ʹʶЩǿԹأһǿߴͷ֯γһɹжԵ
ϣڱʵиʶѹסֹЩƾϵľƣھֲսսʤ塣
һֹͣڶɱ乹вĹ
뵽Щã͸֮ɫ
ĶţĪǾǱӾڤĳ֯ǿ
ĻǸͨпڤѵһĳǿ
ЩֻĲ²ѡ
ĿǰõϢڤ󣬾˵ΪŴÿҲǷԱҶһΪͨףϽ֮УִԷγɵ
Щһ泼ڸһ棬ֻ໥ƵԴ
ÿһ̾һǳأͷĿҲǳ󶼾Ϊ»壬Ϊ󶼴Һ浤ڣΪЧͣɸԻȡԴ
Ҳ˵һǿǿĶϢϢˡ
Щոڤ֮е壬Ǵת壬Ȼͳ˸ص
ϾһļɳǱ޴壬ţ޷á
ΪˣһЩϴɳԼ֣һЩ嵮ĵطɡ׽壬׳Լ
ѳΪղ飬ȻҲԸ档
ĵ̼£һܵţпܻᷢΪֱ䣬ʶھڤһȶ׳ɵɣκֻ嵮ܵȴֱӽ룬򽫻ܵ׷ɱ
Լͨ⴦طǡôĳڤ̳ķΧ֮ڣҲ嵮֮أϰڤڤǾԹԵʣʻɢϢ弫Ϊ˱㱻غڴ˵صĳΪ壬Ӷһ뵮أܵץ
ʵʩץ֮ˣԻ䴦õļһ壬³ǳɺ󣬱㱻פȽƫƧĵطƽӴ࣬Ϥ岿䣬ȻҲ֮١
ڳһϵеϢ֮ȻԲѵġֳ֮ɫκ󣬺Ȼӣ
κбɡЩƾɵĴӣһöɵƣһöĵİָ
ӣǴ˵רùƷ׽ϵͣÿһֻʮֻҺڼµĹ
öƣƺĳƳɣбʮֵĳأһЩƣмдСĺǡ¡֡
Ӽ󣬷ųʶһɨöָ΢΢һ
Ϊмٵڵ壬ĹԵģöָռ˵ʮŻɼӲʯ⣬ˡ
ڤʯ
ˣһԺǰڼ̳ͬʯ飬ɵÿЦһ
ֿƲ۵Ļʯ飬ʵǾڤͬԻҡڤʯˣԿٵΪ߲Ҹ̺Ũ̶ȣҲһΪƷƷƷԼƷһ㵹ʯ¡
˵ʮڤʯƷ⣬㾡Ʒڤʯѡ
뵽ɵĻͷһʱŻɫǼ̳ڤʯƺƷģûֵֵ̫˷ʱԭ·ȥġ
ҡҡͷЩʯջذָ󣬱㽫˰ִָĴָϣһ̧֣һɫһֱնء
ųһŻɳزʬΪ˻ҽַȡǧ䶷֮󣬿д
һƹαʧȡ֮ģһƤЩҰ׵߳ߴ󺺣ǰġȻһ޶ģ


1055 ³
ǴٰС壬뵱ص跨̽ڤǾڤ֮ˮ䣬Ȼ취ض
˴ĻԵţȻǲ׷Źġ
֮ðһͨڴ˽߶Ȼ̫ܡʵ̫ߣҲۣð״ڴ˵صפҲҪˣܿͻᱻǲ³ǡ
˺ȻҲ˳µĻУȥ̽ԼҪϢ
ȻȱһҪǱǴĵͽ׹֮ǰɶЫɱ
˵岶׽ʵȫΪЩɱ˶֣ҪʹΪūͣѾΪ˵һϰԡ
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ʱ䣬ûֱǰУǽʱѡ³ǱԵһΪƧСջš
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Ϊӵͼڤӵλãڵ³ȻǼԶڵʵԼֻǷеĻҪʱ䡣
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˼úվʱ³ڣȳ˽ڤһ뿪ǰ׼һЩڴ˽ĸֶ
³֮һƽСɽȡ
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ʱһһݹԶ۶
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㿪ʼԼݣȥύһЩͬʵǿߣͨЩ˴̽ԼҪ鱨
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Ůӣ֪³ǸһܽǰոǴ˴νϣҪˮķ֣˶˱Լǰᣬϣն


1056 ǧˮ
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һ˿ɫƾǿʶѾԶԶĽ˴ϸϸļһ飬ûڴ˴ʲôơ
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ߣĴָϵĺɫָĵ׷Լҡ
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Щĳ³ǷУѽһЩµĹϣԼĪǧڤʯ
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Ҫ֪˵صһЩ䲼񣬸ѶȸߵͣһҲʮڤʯȵĽǧڤʯǻʱ伫ѶȼߣץļһֻҺҲܻȡʮʮöڤʯѡ
ץļһ岢سǳصĻջƷڤʯķͣʺõģ͡
һѹ硰ĺ˵Ϊһ壬Դ֮ˡ
Щڤʯ⣬öָڣ浤ϵϡвϣԱʱ֮衣
ֱ޹ɵһԣʬǵĺһߣԼĿĿһš
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һ˵Ŀ⣬˲䶼˹ȥûк顣
߼΢΢ͷɤӺּ˵ʱˣǾͿʼɡ䣬ͣ˲һϢ򣬿֮ǰѯʽй°Ŀ׻ˡ
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ʱһһƷﲻı˳׷ɳ˲Ƶļ۸
ǰֵĶƲԣȴûʲôá
Ϊοֶܻصʱһ侫һ
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ȻֺΣʹǰȴΪͬˣȴȻ䳡ӡ
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һǿаסе˷֮顣
ͨˮķˣڤ֮ˮɲ֮ͨˮҪضзܼġ
ҲμνҪĿġ
Ͼڤ֮ˮˮȻδۼǰЩѾеһЩϰ˵ǵϣֵ֮󣬸ͨˮɱȵġ
ԥĴԶһЩڤˮ
һڤǾϣϾڤˮѹڤ֮ˮĻЧֻѡ
ʮöɽϣ˵ƳķܸһģΨһȱ㣬طڤˮȻҪ䲻ʱġ
Ҳûмźۣ׼ȹ۲һ
Ȼڤʯûô࣬ȡǼ浤ϵĻȡﻹǴ´ġ


1057 
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ⶼѾǵôˣû˻Ǯģİɡ
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ˡ
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ŶԸһڤʯˮʯԵĳԣͬĿͶ˹üͷһĿʵ
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ϾԼҪڤһӣǰڤ⣬ͨʹѾʩչģ׷ɽýȼü֮

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һЩԼûʲôôĹϣһЩڤʯ㻻Щʵһ֮ϲ
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㳡ϣһС߰ɵ˶ɫ赣ʱʱᷢĹ档
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1058 ѡ
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ˣʮźıģ֮£ÿһεıӣ뻤Ͷ飬ҪͨѡΡЦ˼֮󣬾ת뿪Ⱥ
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ױǿڶ࣬Ϥ·;Ҳ˳ıܿһЩ;Σһɴļ˶ǰڤӵķˡ
⣬黹һܴĺôǿʹôΣҲܽʡʱ䡣
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ô˼ֳϵͽʹõڤҲǷͬѰԸһͬ׵Ȼڻ£󺺿Ҫùˡ
δʼһ֮㴫˳ǸŽƹĻҲһ
ƺΪЩмƲƲ졣
΢΢һЦԵһֺαһģ
δȰ귴ӦΧռ䲨һĵӰͻȻһһֱӶĸ򳯰Χȥ
ͻĹŲæĵֳһͣʱһɫһһֻֻɫĺͬʱһŨŨϢɢ
˶ڤֳϵͽ
ƵģȻһ־Ǵֱʡ
δ̨֮ٴϣ˴۾һĻˣ
ĵӰ쳣ȵıܿķɵ̼Ϊһĳڰ
ʱİ껹ѰӰߺȻĺХһֻɫͷӰһ˽ľ룬ݲܡ
ֻܴ󾪵ļæ̧Ҫֵһ
䡱һ
ֱֻһʹһֱӹأһ𣬾һɸ޷ֵڿշɳ̨⣬ϵ˲䣬ŵŵֵ˳
ۡһ£ſһѪƬɫһƬ־ŭ
λİ꣬ڤûüʹ㱻һˣ̨һΧ֮˵һ֮
³ԣͷЩҰ׵ߣҲǲҡҡͷͬʱߵһ̴ӽ˼䡣
һ̨֮ϣһͫĿ͸ʿ۶Ʋĳ̨һ


1059 ڤ
۴Ŵ翴˷·һ壬Ϊ浤ڶѣȴѾ̨֮սߣҲ˲˵ע⡣
ʶ֮Ȼ˴˵Ŀ⣬Ҳһ۹ȥ
壬ȴƵһЦ΢΢һʵֹһ
ͬһʱ䣬ʮ̨֮ϣһֱȶݱĽš
̨ƾһչֵѹʵһʱ侹Ȼû˸̨ǰս
ΪЩΧ۵˲һ㽫עת̨ϵıȶ
Ҳøڣɴ̨֮ϥĿ
Ͼ̨ѡֽһٵʿյĹĹһı뺷׳浤ڴ̨
ɷң´ͽ̡
ڻɫƹâͬʱ뺷һȭ
买˹֡
һβ֪Էǲбδκξٶ뺷󺺵ͺһ˫񱼵ֱӳֱӳ˹
¡¡̨֮Ŵ󺺵ĳؽŲͣĲ뺷󺺵νǣĹһ֯£ΪһʮɴСĻСɽӰֱͦͦĳڳ൱ˡ
ԭΪԹϵĹû뵽֮оȻҲ˱뺷ޣ
ϵɫһ˫ַһߡ
֮Уһ֮
ʮɳĺɫԣų̨Ͽһɿһ֮󣬾ֱӭ˼۶ĻСɽ
ۡ죡
ɫǰ̵ײ˱뺷ĻɫСɽȴ·ֽһֱɢΪ˹޷ֹ䳯ڱƽ
ССɽ֮дɷҵЦ֮
ȻСɽֻ֮ʱȴһΣԭƾʧ
һ̣һģһĳɷʮ֮⡣
ߣһ˿յĻɫСɽдɷԴŭߣһٴγڳ
ڤ
Ŀһ䣬뺷СɽӰΧһ㣬ԭɢĺɫ˲ٴһݺύĺڹ⽫û
оһһһ֮һҹһҹ֮Уһͨʻɫĳɼ
޹⣬·ۣнȻһ£ʮڤһһɫڤ֮ӽ֮ӿ
һɫзɿ컮ಡһڤ֮С
ĸ꽣
˵յõڤ󣬻Ļһо
ΪٵһԼϵĽȻǲڻˣһĶõҹ£ûѶʱɹˡ
˽ȻԻĸȻһףһһСһһˡ
ӽĸ֮Уĸӽ͵ϮڵרӦʱ֪ıͻȻֵӽˡ
ټϴ˽ڤ߶ڤܴﵽʤЧ
вͣڤ֮УʱֵĻɫ磬һƿ֮
ĹһУһһɫһأ֮к϶Ϊһһ󣬱С
źڹɢڤҲıٴ¶еıδΡ
ʱıδ󺺣ѻָԭģɢȥһ鴤֮״ȫĻɫ۱鲼˸ǽӲվԭһ
һεĳ󣬵ֳ䱳һ
䡱һɷ˫Ŀһգĵ˵ϣˡ
˾޵ı֣һ̨ΧΧ˵һۣ׷ײ²
Ͼһ֮ıٵʵ浤ȻҲУⲻ˳ʱһսƵȡʤģȻ֮ˡ
Ҵ赭дĳƺδʹȫ
ڶԾ֮࣬Ŀ⣬ҲתΪ˾η֮ɫ
Ͼǿﶼ˾ġ
Ƭֶ֮˵ĽƹĻȥִģ̨Բѵıδ󺺿ȥ
һûϢܾãĹһͷڣĽӲ̨
̧ͷգâڤջʣһ룬һʱӣԼҪס̨ⲻҪһսˡ
²˰ǰǴε½ˣĸ꽣µʱҲΪġûǴµտȡ浤ĲϣǴֱʡЦЦĳ˹֣ûеԼȴ촽΢ĳ˵ôһλ
ɫ䣬һԲĳ买˹֣ȴɵһ˿ɱ⡣
ԷͨһڤϳԼ´˺С鷳
δȶԷٴ˵ЩʲôͺȻһȣ˫һɫٴξҵķӿ
ǰγ֣һѹȻ־һأ̨ΧΧ߲һ㡣
쳹ʵХ֮
ʮɳĺɫֻʮɴСĺɫͬʱһһɫڤ֮ƻֺ꣬ڵ̨ĻɫƹĻҲһ
˺ƴĳ棬ȴ治ɫǵֳһ죬ֱϵڹţԼɫӰֶ
һ಼֮ɫȦֱ֮Ϸ֮еһת󣬱㻯ֻ۵ĹӵĺɫԲ
ЩԲÿһöаƴСŽӿлɬﴫһȦȦŹֵĻɫڤƣ·ڻཻ֯䶯һ֮£ͷޱȡ
⡭ǳ׵ķڤ̨£֪ʲôˣһʧڡ
Ŵԣ΢΢һ㶣Լ֮ǰڷ֮Уἰڤȴһʱ벻þΡ
˼֮䣬ֻԲȻӭһΣΪɴСĻӰֻɫɫһӴ֮£ϺɫХһԴԴϵֻԲ֮С
ɲǼ䣬ѾĶʮȻСʮ֮󣬲һڷɿСС
ɫͬҲûõȥϺͬ˿ıֻԲĿ롣
ƣЩԻ»δԷΪֱɢˡ
ƻֺԻȫһһƴ
ˣЩȻڤ̵Ľƣǿڤ֮ơ
ֻһֻڤڤٶȽӦЧ󣬵׳֣£Ȼʮ־ˡ
뵽һһ𣬽һգӿĺɫһ˿˿ĿʼƤ֮ڡ
¿ǸˣȥȻǵѡ񡣡̨ĽӼ״ٺһЦ˵


1060 
Ȼǣͬʱһ˿׾ɫ
һһâĻУһΣ˾͹Ȱ㻯ĵӰǰ
Уз͵һߡ
顱顱
߰ɴСͬʱѶĹͬöڤķ겻͸
ĵӰһ֮£׷û˽ĺУӰ
ĹɫһһУڤ΢΢һ󣬴з˿ķԣΧͣת
ʱڤĻ˿ѾһŻ۵Ļɫ˿ͬʱΧĺɫԷűɫԲ롣
ಡಡĵӰͬʱܵĺһΧм䡣
ߣȵľ㣡
ĵӰδվΣһȣƿȴ˿öɫ黷м
ֻâһ˿Ӱ϶˺ѷ顣
һӰֱһһҹ⼤һת£ΪƬ⣬˲ͽǰ˿
Ǳĸ꽣
ɫһ˳Ƴϯȥ
Ӻһ˫ַһöڤȻɿһĺΪһɫԲ˫һɫԲתŵǰ
顱һ
ɫԲ֮дȻһͣڤһתεĿС
ԲڤƴʢһƵɫڤ֮ĸ֮Ͽкӿڤ֮Уĸ֮΢΢ʱ֮
ߣֻҪڤûڤ޷յģڤҿסˣ㻹СӰȻ˵ƺѾʤȯա
Ȼ仰δ䣬ɫһзһ䡣
һ֮
һгĵɫСĸʯһ
ӷֲҪʲôʱȴ̫ˣɫСѴüĴ
㡭
˫ĿԲ΢ŵһۺ󣬱ֱԵڵء
һ̣һУһһɫ⡰ಡһɻУ˫һ꣬ĸ꽣ٴκΪһ塣
һ仯һ㣬ǰһ̣ƺ·磬ϢڤĽӱ䵱ˣ
һĻ̨ߵΧȺ׷Ŀɿڴ
Щ˴δ徿ʲô飬ֻһĻҹӾӦˡ
̨֮ϣȻҲע⵽һĻΣֻǴҴһƳ֮󣬱㽫Ŀ˿ȥ
Ҳѹ֣˵ԼٵΪսʤ浤ʮֲף񾳵۹⣬濴еġ
ڵ̨ϣڽӵغֶ˵ĻɫƹĻҲ֮ɢ˿
ִԾ̨ȷϽѾĲ󣬵ɿ콫ʬֻ̧̨ǿĿУһ˿֮ɫ
˫ֵĿִһУڶ̨ޱĴ̨Χһɨ
һΣһʱҲûսˡ
˷չֵǿʵһЩԭԾԾ֮ˣҲ̨ս˼׷ȥ̨ȥѰЩѾսԵþƣĶˡ
һĻҲ˿
˵սǱЩԳսķʽַսԼҲҪгԲġ
ʱķɿ죬תۼ䣬߿յڤѾֻʣС룬Ѿٽʱ֡
˿̵ʮ̨Уڵ⣬ĸ̨ҲǸû˸ȥսˡ
ͫĿ͸ʿҲλС
ʣµ̨·Ϊʸ֮ģһֱͣ
ҲøУĵȴ󼸸̨Ľͬʱϸһѻȷ޳ɹǿߡ
Щ˼浤磬һӵ;ԳĿ󺺣浤ڵΪ
ֹ˴Լһӵʱ䣬һЩ̶м̨ԭΧȺʱ
Ϊ˶𣬴һεѡĻ
ˣʮ̨ϵʮʿҲȻȻĳΪ˱β뻤Ͷʮˡ
ܺã³Щ꣬˲űҶû뵽һξȻһٵܹڱȶӱиλļ룬һεĽԵһʧˡмĸ̨ϣ±¶һ˿ЦݣĿ⻷ʮ̨һȦر϶ͣƬ̣л˵
ҵȶľΪ˽֮ﰲȻĳǣԲĽ۹Уתм̨
¼ˣ΢΢ͷ
˺踣һν̶Ѿ׼Ĳˣ˷԰ѺˮǼȥѾѡֻյλĽسˡڴʱԵǰ˼
ǰǴ˷׼Ľ֮ﶨȻʹĴ⣬һȻҲܱĴˣһŮӣƺ鲻Ҳǿ˵
ˣȴⲻãǼһɶϼ޻Ϻ꣡˵ǰͷ˷ȫȨȥˣǳʲô⣬ҿʣ³ǳ֪ΪΣ˶ȴȻ˦һ֮󣬱һģʧԭء
ŮĶһۣҲͬһĳ³Ƿȥ
¼϶뿪ֳ̨ٴδȺ𣬿ʼ˷ܵ𷽲ŵıȶԼһ½ѡʮλʿ
ЩֻҪ˳ɽȥĻ񣬹󲻽Իһʷͣһԣᱻ³ΪĽȥһЩڤʯӴ˱㲻δԴˡ
ʱ֤֮󣬱㱻֪ͨԻȥϢ֮ǰǰ֪ͨ
ºһ죬ĳСջ֮Уֳֵͼϥ¶֮ɫ˼żʼĽ֮¡
ʱ֮һƻҹһеɫСֶָ
պʱϣ
Ҫˣ
ԣһ˿˷֮ɫһ֮󣬱㽫ͼ뿪ջ³Ƕзȥ
պ
³Ÿǽ֮һƬƽԭϣһɸߵɫ޴Ʈ֮ϣ¡ɫԵ쳣Ŀ
·һ̨ϣһɫ۵ĳ¸ֶ
ǰһɫ׵ʿ˶˵ӡ
Щ˷ֳÿһǰվһɫ׵ʿɢ浤Ϊ
Щһߣֻ߰ʮɴСľ͹ڵء
Щ޿£˫ĿʲôĶСƽ̹ϣİ˲ٻɵԲνÿһԼĪ߰ɴС
Ȼ˶Ѳǵҵȱ֮ЩԱߣվʮŸɫεʿǱѡ뻤͵ˣʹԳ󺺼ΣЩ˵


1061 ڤ
ЩֻĵĳųˣЩпõļһһϰк̵ӣҲ̵
ٺ٣һǾǵһβ͹Ʒ񣬾ĸߵҪ鷳лǻ᲻ľ󣬱Ͼչʾʵʱ򣬱ĴҲȼɵġȻһЩƷֻɼʵǿĸܻͣǸӰȫһΪ󺺣ȴٺһ˵
˼ͲڴˣûЩˣĿһתһЩģ޴ޱϣЩɵԲν档
ѣǶЩЩ棿ڴʱͫĿ͸ӿߵԣͻȻ˵
ƺ֪ָһˡüһ΢ȻһЦ˵
Ǻǣָ㲻ҵЩ𳵡ʵҲԵСʮֵ£ٶʮ־ˣʶΪ˸Ϊϲõһ乤ߡ⣬ڱƵԣټֵǴﵽʮڤʯмУˣĶѣҲӳΪ˸ƴʵһ档ĿЦе˵
ԭˣϡ֮ѹ´δѼʶ㣬ƺ³֮ˣδ̴΢΢ͷݵʵ
Ǻǣ±ףǱĳʿˮѰͻƿ浤أǡɿ³ļͶ飬һʱȤˡԼٵΪȴλͶ飬¿ĿҲ̹ȻĽ˳
˵Ҳˬǫһ󣬱ͶԷһûһ
ˣʱ̲ˡ˷ǰĳǣ·;ңԶ쳣ţ³ǽʿսǰؽնֱǰ̧ͷ˿߿еڤգͻȻϵ˵
´˷ģ֤˳ʹΪ׵ɫ׵ĽɫȻĴһ
֤˳ʹ廤Ҳǹ˾Լͬһź
ܺãλ֮ʱصʹ͵ġ΢΢ͷ˵仰ʱĿȴʮϡ
زʮȻҲǹ˵
ɣΪӣ£ͽˡĿзǰһĽϣ˵
ǣ
ɣŲٹǽǣԵǰһɫȻĹִӦһ
¼ˣ¶һ˿Ц
˼̵Ϲ𳵣ʮλתԸ
ʿԣηһһ˹𳵱ϡ
ʮԣҲҵɵ˵Ͼͷ𳵺ҲԷ˹ޱϣվ
һ̣³зһֻһָһ⼤һû˾͹޵ĺ֮
һ쳤Хӹ𳵿
Хֱ峤գַ·֮
ţֻýŵһڵĹ𳵱׵ڿն
ҹ޳η𣬷ڹ࣬ͷȻųһεԶ۶ȥ
ֻߵķ羰ٵı任޳ٶ˿ѷУ
λǰĳ·;ңԶԭĸֶ估⣬֪졣˻λܾľųҲλġƽʱλɾɳΪλң;羰ǲġڷɳ³ǷΧתʮ˻˵
ӻģЩַҵȶ޻أʹԳΪߣɻ£ص
༸ˣҲ׷׳Ը͵
Ȼû˵ɫ糣ȴһν֮ɫ
ɼ˵ͷعͷ޳
¶ʮ³޳Ϊ⣬˴󶼻صԼڵ֮С
ʱڣ޳żƻ·һ·ʻͨͷһ·ϵҲ쳣˳ûгκͻ״
ʱ䣬ԼУÿգ͸͸磬˳˽һλá
Ҳ֪ǴɣʲôԭǸҲ߳ҵʱ֣ʱʱϼ䡣
ʮ̸ֽҶˮʮϤʶ˵ҲĵķǳͶ
ӱ׵ĿУ֪ڤţҲ쳣飬ڵرĳ֮󣬵䶴͡
һ糣Ȼ˼־衣
ת֮ȥ¡
һգ޳о¹޺ͣ
۾һ˿֮ɫߵ档
ֻ޳˿̺ȻҲͣ˰Уһ
һĿǰ߶𳵵ֶƺڴʲô
ѭĿǰȥֻǰȻһƬĻҰȺɽޱȣൽҰͷ
ɽɽƲǺܸߣȽصǣȺɽ֮вʱܿһ޴ޱȵϿȣ·Ƭɽܵ˺ְޱѿ޴ѷ졣
֮⣬ɽ֮лƯ˲ٵĻɫЩء
ĳһŲ˹
תʱ˴һк
ǱףҲͷһ
֪ΪΣ龹ͣˣ˵еɻ
Ǻǣһĳ˴˵ض֪ǰһƬɽǱյأڤˡΪĿһۣ΢Ц˵
Ǿڤȣ
ɫһԺ֮л³ѼľڤһЩ伮ȷʵᵽڤȡ
˴ԹΪȴǼΪ󣬵ͨ浤ʿеĻҪʱܴԸӴ˶ġ
֮УǺܾǰڤ淢սĵطƬЩͨܵʿ˺ѣڵģ
ҲΪ˵汻˺Ѻ󣬵һСƬ
֮ԻᱻΪյزΪдһΪڤ֮壬᲻ʱ緢
ڤ֮˵ʮֿ£һӴһʱʧȥз
ʿ;ʱΪҲԸѴʱԶԶƿҲԸðմд˵ء
Ժ֮лЩϢͷתһ˿ϲ
Ϊ˾ڤ֮󣬾ĿڵһڤƺҲԶˡ
ԵȹƬͿȻ³ǵĽ飬ǰڤӶȥ
ӹҲѡ·ھ˵ĳ֮硣·ĻжеĻ·;ȻȽϽȴҪ;ԭ˲ٹﲿ䣬ʱϮʿ·;Զʤڰȫǲ֪ѡǸˡ֣û°ɣ׿лͣƺע⵽΢仯
û£ҵһڤȣЩˡԱֿӻѡһһݣһЦ
ӵ뷨ҵ֪ѡбȽϰȫԣٺһ˵


1062 Ϯ
׻䣬µĹȻһ󣬾Ϳʼתƶȥ
ų˳ǰȥ
ɲ֪ʱֱվ˫ֵš
ͷҲͬʼת򣬼άֵԭơ
ֹȻʶˣܹһӵ˼΢΢һЦ˵
ٺ٣ûʲôֻҪûл˭ȥڤȵġһЦ̸ֺ󣬱ת˻ȥ
վԭأû̻ȥĿڱ׵ıӰһƳɫһ
һ·֮ʱʱ̸Ȼûоô˻ʲô⣬ʱʱʼڤ֮£ƺԴ˹ҲΪ˽ģ
ЩԷˡ
ƾԷʲôͼıҲǣֻҪʱһԶԶߣԷд⣬Ҳκβġ
ӵת򣬳ɳ۶ȥ
СպͻȻ䶸
һɽ棬ĺžȻɳٵҹ⡣
Щҹųβͣ·Ǿ죬¡¡ƿվ죬³˵ͷ
Ϯ
ľ˲쳹顣
ͷͣǰ̷ɳ˶ʮ˰ɫĹâһſһʮɾ޴İɫĻ˳ǰ
ϥĿһʱ˳ɫصԶȥ
һЩѡγĻҲ׷˳
ڵĹڶмλãɫ֮кȻһȼŵԲξʯЩ½ϵ߽׷ʯ
¡¡Щʯһ㣬صĺ˰ɫĻ֮ϡ
ɫĻҲѸ֮ȥſĻʮֻǻΪʱɫ䣬ſһѪ
ĻֻУ׷׸ֳһơ
ʱ಼жʮ˹׹û˻ɫĻ֮С
ʮļӳ£ɫĻȶʣȼջʯ׷׵
һ壬³ǻѷ׷״ӹ֮з̼ͷ𳵱վӣ浤ӳֱվ˶ǰλãɫ
ˣ׷׷ȥ
һ̣Ӱʮ˷׷󣬷վΣһɫȻ
ǵصĻʯ걻ɫĻϤסɽ徹Ҳ֮ƽ
ʲô˵Ϯ³ǣعˣɣɼΣ˿֮ɫδ¶ĿоһĿɽ壬ȵ
Ӧģȴһ̶
ѭȥȴɽ棬һֻ޴ޱȣ˫Ļ޷˳ޱվһȺʿ䣬һ߰ˣ³ǵĶ黹Ҫࡣ
ЩʿһۣվǰʮʿĿ³ˡ
վڷ޻ǰһų߾޺һɫۣһ޴˺۴Ӷͷһֱǣþ޺ǳ׺ݡ
ĪǺˮָʹϮǵģͫһ۾޺ȵ
ˣЩǺˮǵˣˮǺ³Ϊص⣬һжԣһսһˡվԣ˵
ޱ΢΢ͷȴһϲ
ãʵԱǾģսһʼÿԳû顣
ɣҿһ۾޺ɣݵЦ
ߣ룡ɱ˵ɫ򶨣˵֮ʱĿȴΧȥ
˵⵽ǳ֮˵Ľػɲûие⡣
ǰˮǵȻǿһЩһߣˮЩҲǸסģػ֡
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1067 Ѫڤ
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1068 
ɫŸոշɳʮɣǰѪɫһͷѪɫӰȰ㸡ֶٶ֮죬öڰզ಻ѡ
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Ψһûµֻ۾޺ѣ˿ȫ±һ㵭ɫĻ֡

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۾޺Ҫɶݵ͵һ֮ͣɫĻȻתͷȥ


1069 ׷ɱ
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ɫѪɫâתУȻֳһϸŵƣۿɼٶȣɢ
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ոϿȾȻǻǼΪĽƣ
˴˿̣ﻹףԼڲ֪£˾ڤȵһ֪֮С
ǰʮԶ۾޺ҲĿɿڴվԭء


1070 Ӱ
۾޺һף֣Ρৡһ£˲ݳʮɣɫĿ
Ŀ۾޺һۣվԭأûĶҲû߹ȥˡ
͸¶һɹ죬ûд̽ǰɲ
ɵ£׷ɱҵİɣ۾޺һº̽Եһ
ֱ˿̲ſòԼǵ֮ǰˮ֮ʱǰ֮ɸΨһļٵ
̽鲻ΪǶԷʹĳϢѡ
˿Ծ֮࣬ҲȻʩչ˼ǱȼսԪ󣬽˻ָһЩķеҲΪ֮һ׳
۾޺ȴûӦԹԵĽĿͶΧʯ
ǽںͶƺĳֽ֣ǻɵһƬ
ʱ֮·˿ȴһƬɹĻ֣Ļв֪ɫתԼܿһ͸Ӧʯҵڡ
ܴ谭ĽɲͬĳȥųʶĻһɨϣһӴʶͱ˻޷͸ֺ
ּʶʯ༸ǽڽ䶼̽һ£һ
տʯ棬һɫĳʯ̨ʯ̨ϷһյʽӵͭŵƣƺԶһĻҳ
ͭŵûκηһһ㣬֪ΪΣȴһɭ֮ĸо
֮⣬һˡ
۾޺ŭɫһҪ
ڴʱͻ
顱ʯ洫
Ͳţڴ־Ļ£۾޺Уȴһ㡣
ȻһȻתȥ
Ǻɫʯ̨ϵͭŵƾȼһƻֻǵֻлƶССޱȣ·һܽ䴵һ㡣
ţһ̴ӵзҡʯ̨֮𶯣һ״ɷϢд˳
۾޺ͬʱɫ䡣
Ȼתĸ꽣ҹһͽȻʢΪһʮɳľ޴󽣹⣬նڴĻɫĻ֮ϡ
Ӱһ۾޺Ҳ˲úжԣһԾķ˹в֪ʱѶһöɹǻһ֮£һƬӰصĻ˹Ļϡ
Ȼʩչľ޴󽣹⣬ĻӰһӴҰɫĻȴţ뺣Ӱȫֻڱ淺һǳǳָֻܿԭ״
˾ɫһ䡣
Ƭ̹ʯ̨Ϸ̹һģӰ֮иֶ
Ӱ沿һת֮£ϡ
ֻһתʯ̨ͬʱſ³һŻԲ顣
ɽֻǵһתһɫӿȫ棬ͬʱϹһֽһ壬ɢɫ׵硣
Ȼ֪֮еʲôɢɷϢʵֲһֵսľĸоָо仯ֻеǿʱй
һԵ۾޺ɿ쿴ͷɽ黹пֽһۣͬſͻһСģһɫĻȫͬʱ۽ǻǰ
ףʿ
֮еģӰһף˫Ŀһת˲Զ۾޺ϡ
ߣ壡
ģӰһԹĻ̧һӣʯҶĻɫĻУɫм۶һâ£ȻһɴСɫţ֮
ţɫȻֳĿ⡣
۾޺һ
붼˫һŵأͻȻһԼȥ
ⲻ֪ԶԾ޺е£ȻȱܿΪ
۾޺ˣȻŭӣһͺȺ󣬵ҲһԶȥȴѾˡ
ֻʯҶһ󽻴ű渡ֳƬɫâ̵죬һ߰˵ִɫű漤۾޺ȥ
۾޺ֻεĶһйǻһķɳһ£ͻΪɫӰӭ˼ɫ硣
䡱䡱֮
ЩɫӰһɫ磬޵ֿ֮ıһɢ
ţһ޴
߰˸ִɫ磬ڰн£ɿһžɫٺһΪһǵصɫ۾޺ͬǰĻɫСһѹ¡
۾޺¶ŵݣٴЩʲô֮ʱžѾɫСĻɫУ˲ķѵɢ
ţ۾޺Ҳ֮ûããɫС
һɫһţ¶һС
۾޺ϰѾɫ׹֮ʧ٣ʣµİزҲըýһƬں̹У顱һ˵ϡ
һ̣ɫâѸɢ»ΪһɫţֻȸղһӰ˺ܶࡣ
˹һԵˣľѣ
ܿع澯֮ɫеģӰͬʱ۷
Ҫⲻ֪ڣҲֵĻ˵Ҳֻвϧ۵ٴζ÷ӡ׺սˡ
ҲֲֻֿǰסһСġ
֮еӰһкһƺһƵ֮ɢ¶Ӱ
һˣɫҰףѰ嵹ûʲôԴһ˿ƣ֮⣬ƺղŵĹҲ˲ٵķ
ɿ˼ۣһ˿ɻ
ȻɢϢƺȶ忴ЩʣͶĻﵹмơ
˵ʱ˿Ҳ¶˼ɫ
СӣǹɡףƺһЩԣôϢĿ˸¶һ˿Ź֮ɫĿ˵
˵ɫ΢΢һ
һЩܣƺȫԷĶĿǺҪ֪ڶλϣҲûܿϵЩܡ
ǰƺ壬֪ˡǣûֱӻشԷʣ˿ĺ󣬹ʵ
ϸӦ˿ϢеֻŨɷǺͨ־ͬҸոֻɱ۾޺֮ϵϢҲʼӡ
ʱ֪ʲôԭʯڵĻɫĻǰҲ˼֣ųӡս裬ɰտԽƣ°˲١
ǹӵȻ˲ˣˡ˿зԳĴЦԽԽ󣬷·޷ѹеһ㣬Ц
ӵĹŹ־ٶһݡ


1071 
˴ЦãƽȽȽʯ̨֮Ʈٵ˵
СӣǱ㣬ΪʿΪλڤ磿
ԣĿ£ʶĳʯȥ
㲻ˣ˴ռѾԪ֣ȻѾٱסٵڵСʮأǴ´ࡣԹԻش⣬ǱˣǵẦ㣬һĪĻԵһЦ˵
Ե
ɫ˿δ¶ȴͷתƵ缸󣬲һ֣ٵ˵ǰǱ׷ɱ֮ʣһռѷ죬һշת֮£żȻ뵽˴˽硭ֱŵ֪˴Ǵ˵еľڤ硣
ռѷ졭ߣСӣ㻹ԣĿռѷ죬ʱճϫ֮ΪȣǱʢ֮ʱҲ̤㣬һССļٵʿ˵ͽ˵ͳģЦһɫ䣬һɴɷΣ䱳һЩģӰ
Ȼһֻɫëĺ꣬Լеƣֱ۰ϸβҡڲ
ǰ¾ǰ˼½̫ŵӣڱſٵĶ˿ռͨ͵˴˵ء״æ䡣
ӶԷɢǿ䷨ӰȻһǿߣ⻹Ԥ֮ġ
βĪǡĿڶԷӰϣаֹ
ʲôطȵȣ˵˵Ǳߵԣ¶һ˿֮ɫ󻺻ʵ
ԷҲźͶԷһ
Ŷԭ˵ɲ磬ǾڤǴ֮أ⵹пܵġ˼Ļɢɷ
ˣɣȻҲʲô
˵ڤˮҲһյأ˱֮ɿֲΪλᴳӳһºֿʵ
׷ոձǰɱ壬󴳵˴˴һΣʵ˵
ܺãйϵϷ˵Ҳһ㣬ԳĿڶɫ仯ƺ˾
ԣȴɵüͷ΢΢һ塣
Ҳ¸㣬Ĵ½壬ѾһлѡӦú֪ΪλڴˣΪڴ˹ӲдɣӵȻ˵ƺ˵һԼȫɵ顣
Ŀӣ˵ͷеȷһ˿档
ΪᰣԭĴ½ĳһϣ̳еѪȻ˵еľβҲǧ֮ˡǰһͬһͬڤ磬ˮ򣬰һ¡
һ˵ţһֳ֮ɫ
Ȼգ˲ٹ򣬲ڻǰˣû뵽ǣ˵ͬѸǲ⣬³֮ҷǵûյȴӦı꣬ǸСϴ˵һΪ¬ǡΧҡȻΪʤһѲڣջ˵ҧĺ޺˵
ȻˣǰѾǣΪλһֻڴˣĿʵ
ΪһСĽǴδ֮ǰǰͨһ˿ֻ긽һ֮ϣԴ˱ΪۣԪŴ֮󣬷ֻŵԳڴ˾ٱֻԷһû뵽ȴ˴ڡЩԳ˵
ԣϲɵһ˿Ȼ
λǿ߿ɹģ£Ȼ䵽³ɼĿˡ
ϧһ˿ֻС޷ڤľڤʴ˵뿪ڤˣʶһֱطɱżȻɽȵĵͽ׹ޣȡһЩʶ֮ǿӲд񡣲Ĵ㻹ǵõһرҧгݵ˵Цſһۡ
һͻ˺˼иֳһ˿õԤС
ĪǴҪҵ
Ǻǣ㲻õģһƷֻ꣬кĵĲˣոǿд߶˵ؽƣɱǸ壬Ҳǳ˿޽Ҳ˶õġӿһۣЦЦ˵
ԣĿɨЩƮҡӰȷǿи֮У˿
ǰô˽֪ҪΪʲôɣתһ룬Ҳ˼֡
лѾ;ƿݣ㲻ţ֮ҲҪɢԣһסӵ˵
ףüһ
ӦԴĳͼɣͻȻ˵
ɫһ䣬֮ǰʩչƹĻһ̣Ȼͼû뵽ӾȻҲܹĵͷ
ǰĿ񣬲һżȻĻᣬõ˳ͼڵط
˵ͼĴ½ҲһźĶ˵Ϲţ䲻ѣҪﵽȴǼΪסڵӦûûнԲɣӿ˵
ǰָ㡣ɫ΢䣬˵
йسͼڵ飬⼸ҲһֱС
֮ǰѾó˲ٸ߽޾꣬ѾӽԲڶЩУ˲ٻ浤Ļ
ֻ⳵Ȼǲ֪ΪΣȴһֱ޷ﵽԲ硣
Ϊˣ˺ܶöسͼڵͭ򣬻һֱûŪ⡣
Ȼ֪оϣûкôΪҪָ㣿¶һ˿Цݡ
ǰνףԣüͷ΢壬ɿ˱ȭ˫֡
㽫ͼԲ磬ԵģҲҪħģӦһ顣ϵЦݣɫȻ
ĪǰҪҸ㱨𣿡üһ˵
ɱ֮𲻹죬˳Ļ˵ʲôҲʲġĿһԥĵͷ
ǺǣǰΪܹޣҲ󾳵Ĵֻһ浤û۳ɵʿѡңȥˣǰҿͷĴ½ˣԴˣˡһЦɴľܾ
ٺ٣¿ɲˡԪŴ֮УǲӦֻҪô˽Ƶһɱ㣬ͬһֻӬ򵥡ɫƽƺԤϵܾһ㣬в˵


1072 
ǰڲֻ浤ڳ̶ȣҲ൱һڶѡǰΪһ𣿡ȻһЦ
Ȼûʮɰգ߰˳ɻеģԪŴյֶԱӷƷȻƲҲǾԻסġţԾԡ˵иֳĮ֮Ц⣬ɹ۵βӰҲϬ㶢ϡ
ɫһĬ
ۺѾˣͬھĿġ
ҲżֻĿҲûгߴ١
֮һڵã¿ԴӦǰҪ󣬲Һһ󾳵ĴΪУƾڵʵֻܳŵ㣬ӵ㹻ʵʱԲŻǰȥԸɱǸˡ
ȻǸͷ࣬װ׵ȥҲҪķˡӼӦ̻ϴϲ֮ɫ˵
֪ǰеλˣ˭µʱβҵˣֿʵ
ʱ֪һὫйشѶϢħ֮УһܳɾطϢԶҿӳʶС˵Ļص
ԣûٶʣȻѾ˾ҲһſڣһʺɫͷѪڰ֮С
ӼˣһһһѪҳɳһź󣬾û˾Ѫ֮УͬʱдʣѪΪһѪɫĻ棬ȼ
߶ħ֮Ȼ糣࣬һǿʩչģ˲֪ķ֤֮ĵĻҲֻгɾͨпܵġ
ˣɫȻʶһɨѪ棬ȷԷҲδֽź󣬲ŵָ죬˵һ顣
Ȼ˿õһǿǰˣУһҲûС
䣬顱һ
ѪһԱΪһѪɫģһŵĶͷ֮С
Ӽˣ¶һ˿ĵͷ˵ܺãˣ⳵ʵĴ½һϹޣ⳵ͼ֮󣬱ٻĳͼڷһ㣬̶ֳܽȣȻһġȻѻãĴ½вپž֮մֹһҲ޷ٻĳ֪ΪΣ
˵۽ζбƳ˺һۡ
ǰָһԣȻ˹֮ɫ
ԷȻ˵Ȼа취ˣ
ע⳵ͼɾĹУʲôرĵطûֱ˵취Ƿʵ
ĪǡǾģһ뵽ʲô
΢΢ͷּ֮ɫ˵Щɵľ꣬ȻԣǷԸģʶڱɹмƴֵٻһЩġڼͼڵĹûģһѳʱȴǴɡ
ѵҪɵľȫԸһ˿Ȼ֮ɫüͷ
ˣǴеϹŴʶҪһϵľ꣬ĸԸıɣ˲ʹ׾ѵġӵ˵
ǰ˼ǡҪﻹ׶Է˼ʱһ
Ϊܵ󾳣½Ĵ½ǳ˲µͨϹ⣬վ˵ˡ
Ĵ̫ȻУ󾳴ҲǷëǣһЩеУ漶
ǰ˼Ϊɾͳͼڵһˡ
ȻΪ
Ǻǡ乶Ӳдʮ꣬𣬵Щϣܱһ֮𣡺ˣԾڴˣɻʲôʣһһٵ˵һ˿֮⡣
֪ǰ֪Ӵ˴ڤڤڣʵ
ȡһհҡҲ˵
һתĶһöɵ׸ᰡ
ֽӹ󣬷ڶͷƬֽ̺׻ظ
ţޱϥ۾һ
ˣҲһǰͼӡǣ˼ɬ
ۡһ죡
ͷһ£һͷʵʰţӰһǰ˻˼
ǰˣһᾡȥǰԸֳӹֱһȭ
䣬ǰŵĳӰſڣʱһɫ쫷ϯеϯȥ
ţһ㱡ɴһ㣬ʼһģһƵɫģɢɫϼ׷û
̿ƻʵǰ󲻹һյĹ򣬶ʼգû۾Ƕһ¡
һɫţӰȥҲ֮ʧ䡣
ۡһ
ϵͼӡȻһɫ
һĪ֮ɢȥл޺֮
ɫһ䣬ڵķɿ챻ͼߣţӰڵõЩ֮𽥱ʵ
ķͼɵʱ򣬳ӰһͳĺУһģ߰˴κڻΪʵ塣
ȴһͷɴСɫޣţţƬӥצӣĿ쳣

ǵһٻġޣȻ˴ķĸӦʵ廯ĳ̺˾˵ܣƺһʿѷɫٵģһ̳˳ͼڵЧûɢ˿ķ
һзһ䡣
޶ʱһȻΪһɫӰݺݵײʯڵĻɫĻ֮ϡ
ɫĻһζ漴һ˺ѿ
ϲ̬ĳޣٶ˿ǰӰʱ⹥ǳˡ
һʵȻٻ޻ѵķܶ࣬һ󾳴֣ԺʿҲǰǱˡ
ɫĻ֮ʯ֮жıڻɫâ˸˼£ҲɢԪŴʹ˱ƽ⡣
ڴ˿̣һʯ̨֮ϴ
һߵʯ̨ͷһ
ֻʯ̨ϵյӵͭŵƣ˿Ļҳ䣬¶еΣ¼˼Ϊӵ󷨷ģм仹̻һ۾ģͼȴһơ
ոյӦþǴġ
ͭŵӦþǰзֻıҲԪŴۣᰱɣҲ˺ѣȻҲѿ
ͭŵƱ滹ɢ⣬ƺӵһԡ
ŵƣһ漴΢һ㽫


1073 ڤˮ
𣡡
ڴʱһͺһ󣬾ͻΪɢΪһâķͷӰ
ɫһ漴Цһ¡
ŰӲ⳵ɢˡ
ڷҲ̶ʱڳģʣˡ
Ҫ֪ڷ֮ۺԶһ֮ͬġ
ˣȻʱЩȽ䵱һԵĹֶκˡҪʽԵУ»ҪȽ浤ԺˡİοԼ
ԭϥ£һŻָĵҩȡƷʯ˫ָһĻָ
СպԾڷָ߰˰ˣվ
񳵻ͼѾԲȻҲڴ˴ȥȡӸĵͼ򣬽ʶ̽˽ȥ
һӺһεĳɽ漴һɫݹ⣬žڤĳɳ۶ȥգۼʧʡ
᰸Ƶĵͼ֮ãźᴩڤȶ
ڼ䣬ξڤ֮緢֮ǰԤûдڤֻ֮΢ЩӰ죬е弰ǰ㣬ȫʧ
˾ڤȺǰһһ޼ʵشյͼϵļأƬ꣬ܵеĿģڤӵˡ
е˷֮飬ʶɢ˷ԲʮķΧ
ƬʵѾڤӵķΧˣ鵽Ϣڤ򸽽˴ޣҲǾڤһ˼յء
˵֮صڤӣ൱˽ĵһ㣬Ǿ֮ص֮Դ󲿷ֵڤӶڵ£ֻ¶˵ر
ûеڤӣѾĲΧеѾ𽥱Ũҿ
˿֮˺ֱãԾڤŨҲѡڴ˽ǳأҲڤӴദƫƧ֮
ֻһЩԶޣ͵ס꾫
ҲԵʣڤޣȻʵǶΪ£Ҳ쳣ɱ
СĵͿշգ;ɱͷ޺һɫӳҰ֮ڡ
ȷϸû״󣬱һ߶ݹǰȥ

ʱѱڹںӵϿգ˫ĿһеĽ·ʵĺѹѹˮɫЩ粻
ڤ˵ǺӣȴͬһƬһ㣬һȥ԰ֻͨʵķ򣬴ж
ˮȥīʶҲ̽ɶѣˮ濴ƽʵӿ
֮⣬Ŀ֮ɢķֲʮСһУʮɴССҲ߰ɵӣתٶȼʹɫˮճޱȡ
һ˳ڤǰȥڤ֮ڣ޼Щࡣ
һԽٵڣһС󣬷ûʲôһһŻɫķУһ˺һ㵭⽫
һΣ˾ͻΪһ·ȥ
·ڤ֮ˮλʱͣ
һɴ̹ǵĺ˷ϯͬʱһƺ·ںˮ֮УһεڽɫҲŤԼ˿˿ɫˮ͸ϵϸС϶ϵӿС
ˣһݣæ˫ַ任ĺ֮ӿ֮УƾǿķǿнΧͣĺɫˮӲѹȥ
һĹŽӦֻ
Ȼڤ֮ˮޱȡ
ֹ˼֮󣬾˫ĿһգԺпʼǧˮķ
Ĭ飬ȷûκ©˫Ŀٴһ˫һչϸ߸߾𣬿д
һ
ֻΪģ·ڤ֮ˮŵˮͷϷ֮֯ƶ𣬻һŴԼСĺɫˮš
һһָɫˮŴһ⣬ɫˮŶʱлת
һ͸ˮźɫˮŵת˷ɢɫˮҲ֮ϵıСֻǴɢȴˡ
ʮչԭСĺɫˮţ˿ֻʣСһκɫˮˡ
зһ䣬һָ˺ɫˮ֮ϡ
ɫˮ֮΢΢һ
šۡһ
ˮͬһһɫˮУһ̶Сĺɫˮ飬֮ͣС
ҲҿޱȣҪǻ˻ΪԶģ˿ˮġ
һУɫˮȻһٺ󣬱С
һֻ̣һֱ۾Ծһ
ڤ֮ˮˮȻһˮܱȣϵͱԭˮˮҲ
ֽˮǰϸϸĴһڤˮ滹ϸСĺɫƾȵķֲ΢⡣
ųʶ̽УܶҪǰõˮҪŨϲ٣ˮ֯ϸС״εıһת
ָᴥˮ֮ʱһɴ̹ǵ溮͸ָڣ˸ս
æָأ˵ͷ֮󣬷ȡһ׼õУڤˮС
編Ƶļ
תۼ䣬һʱȥˡ
УŵһС̶ͬСڤˮ¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫ
Ҫ֪̫ŲؾҵһЩˮΪҲҪ߰깤򣬲пһ
񣬲һ±Σ
ڤˮٶ֮죬Ǵ֮⣬Ҳϲѣ
иֽУˮ֮ʱͻ
·ԭƽںˮȻҵĻζţһʮɾ޴ƾճ֣һƬƬɫϼȻ𣬳ϯ
Χնʱһһǿѹ˷ӿ
Ӧ죬һͬʱһΣϷȥ˺ɫϼ
·ĺɫĹϼܿɢȥȡ֮һƬڤ֮ˮɿķӿ
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нɫСϵڤһʢһâܻɫǽͣĳ
顱֮
аǽȴǼޱȣһʱ޷ƣ


1074 ս
ֻǰһڣΧľһ䣬岻ľͱ˴˺޵ĿС
ۡһ촫
Ӵһٴζīڤ֮ˮУڤӵȥ
ͬʱֻԼƺһżصҺУһξ޺ȥ
ȻΧһƬ޷֪ԼҺڤ֮ˮɡ
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1075 ճ
ʶһɨȷ޷ܵ޵κϢ󣬵һУɽСɽӰɢһŻɵԲ鵹ء
ʱԭӴѸɱſ˺ӵһѾĲˡ
̾һʣ಻Ƭű̻ƵͫĿҲһڳ
ͷȻʵʮǿ󣬵ͬԲٿڤ֮ˮɽ飬ȴǡñסˡ
Ӵֳ˶ڤ֮ˮܲɽ׽
޲Ϻһ߷һĽУɫһȶ㻯һӰľֱϷȥ
ڤ֮ˮȻޱȣΪޣ֮ڱɫļӳ£ǿסǰУֻٶȱȽϻѡ
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ռоȻûһ˿һڤ֮ˮƯ˿˿ȴǾޱȡ
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ʮ֮вϿޣѾ˲١
ЫͷϵĽӡǸޣһŽɫ棬ɶ忴Ҳ֮ǰ˼֡


1076 
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˿ɫҲ쳣԰ףҹ̵ļԷ;Ҳһֿ顣
ʮöɽǼɹˡ
ڤˮɵɽ飬ʤڴ
⻹öλ֪Ĺʿǰ׼˶Ѱϡȱϣʮö鶼˷̥
˵ؾޱȵϳڤˮʹôƽĹ̼Ϊ˳ûʲôƿˮˡ
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Ʋ⣬ǽ֮ɽӴ󣬿¾󾳴ܣҲܲضõ濹ˡ
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ִһиɽзֱһɫϼ⣬ɿһ֮£һɫӰס˿ӿڤ֮ˮ
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1077 ᵤϣ
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޲TǰѾѰٵһ˿ͻ浤ǰĿ⻷ܣ˵
ռѾСԶԶĴص
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ߣǽ浤˷ܣˣ£Щ֮ʱ޲T䵭Ӷ
ԣæע麣еĻ챮УǰһѾռ֮С
ռ浤֮󣬱ǰִ˲٣ֱչʮС·һСأɵնһ˿˿鶯ĺĴƮɢš
ǰԶ޲T˫ֵվڻ챮ԱߣϵĻħͫպţΧһĹâ
޲Tǰˣæһĳڻ챮ǰ޲Tһ
޲T´ۣ΢΢˵ͷ˵㲻Щ߰ĶѾ˳ȥˣԵɺ֮£ӵѪȹһ㡣
֪޲Tǰٻʲô飿޲TĿ̱ϰΪ˿Ϊʵ
Ѿ浤ǿﵽ˳Ϊ˵Ļˡ޲T˵
һϲδ俪˵ʲô޲Tٴ𣺡Ҳø˵̫磬Щ꣬ȻҰٰǣƣȻڽѡұҪӿжˡ
ɫһæֵʶǳªȫƾǰš
޲TҲ˵ָ̧һһ⼤һŵûĶͷ
ǡûжܿʶΪһɫС֣ӡʶ֮С
Ȼ׵浤Ҳܳʼƿѣȣ̫ԶҪΪˣҪȵﵽ󾳲ſԣʱѣҲ޷жȨˡ
ҪĻʱ䡣Ժÿһ£ڻħͫеһξѪȻҸոմƪѪΪħ档˷ʱ䣬һħҲƿΪպԾƿ޲TֱۣɫЩص˵
ԭˡոƪɬܿоҪʱЩȻ
⼸ʮһֱû¶棬ʵǱռһǣ飬ͬʱҲ˴ԪѪڿԵյǰˡĲ壬Լӿȡ޲T˵
˻棿ϲ
ᵤǰһ̣Ѿܹһƭ㲻ɣǰһԵĹעϸˮ¡ȻҲһ𺦣ȴҲ˲ˡ޲Tһ˵
лǰ˴պضرΣ湧Ĺһ
ʱܵ壬ԼΪﵽһʮֲֿٶȡ
رͲˣֻҪ˵ŵҵСҴ˷ǣıԴʹãܻᱻٽѵĽȡÿʩչķҲԪȥĶʮڣÿһʱ䣬һעһΣﵽʲô̶ȣͿ컯ˡ޲T˵
ã֪ˣȻЩʧ֪ѾĪĻԵˡ
ıûˣԳȥˣһβݴ˹ǰһҪЩ׼ʱԻ֪ͨ㡣޲TһҪȥΡ
ǰԵһ£ЩҪ̡һת£æֳ
ʲô飿޲Tԣüͷһ壬ת
ǰӦҲ֪浤׽٣浤֮ϣʮϡ֪֮ˣֹֻʮ浤ѵʮһֱ죿֪᲻СɫЩ˵
ȻҲǵһ˵ʮ浤浤ʿĽ𵤿Խ࣬Խ㲻ùֵġ޲T˵
ˣ˿Ȼ뵽ʲôһ㣬ֿʵһ£޲Tǰӡ麣ǵףƺһɫӡ浤֮Уڸô
׿ʼתΪӡȶף㲻ᣬ¶ֻкô⣬ҲԷʹˡ޲T˵
䣬޲Tһ֮£ʧˡ
ͷˡæһ֣һʯ


1082 浤
һֱԵʱֶΣΪ˷ӡ麣֮еľ׶һֱ޷ʹãڻعˡ
һߵħ֮ͫǰ޲T˵ſһͷѪеɬֻ裬һŹֵӡ
һ˾Ѫ֮ϣһ£ѪΪһѪɫ棬˻ħ֮ͫС
̸оԼͻħ֮ͫϵǿ˲٣ռҲһ˿޵Īϵ
޲T˵ģȻģüͷһ૵
ܿ뿪ռ䣬صڤ֮ף͵ϥ£Ⱥ
֮д޲TһԸ󣬽麣֮һݸֶһ֮£һɾķԴԴĿӿ
ˣ
ɫһϲæת麣еĺڰ浤һɺڰϼ⣬ס麣ȥ
麣֮еķܿںһγһɹůͬʱγһС
ֻﲿλȣ麣еķڽ

ʱһ߿ĲڤǾʮ㹦ͬʱҲʹ÷Ķõͨڤˮ
ˮ½ҲǼΪıѵھڤ磬ڤˮֿɵãȻԸŹûᡣ
ÿµĹ޲T߶Сеڡ
ʱһȥڤѻָľס
תۼ䣬ʮʱȥˡ
һգڵڤͻȻҵķԭʮɴСͻȻ׷׻ۣγһ˶ޱȵС
һɹϢеתڶʹΧ¶轵˼֡
һ
룬ͻȻһƬʮɸߵˮţһӰ봦ɳ۶һ֮£ͣ˰ա
ˮһĺɢ¶Ӱ
˿ɢһǿҵķΪﵽ浤ڣޱȣ浤ڣҲֻһ֮ңӡ
Ȼޱȣʮٴνһ׻࣡ϸֳһ˿ϲɫ˵
˷ȻȻǳ֮ƣ޲Tǰһθע󣬱̹ԴѾ޷ʹã¾ͻỽ飬͵òʧˡ
˵Щ޲Tһʧ٣ƾκû˿Ӧ
ƣӦ߶˷ԪĴ󣬴˿ڳ˯ָˡ
Ϊ⣬ڤǾҲǰ˵ʮ㣬ʹȫ¹ϵĵɫâ˼֣תЧʸǸ˲١
⣬˲ٵڤˮװһĺ«
СôСһ«нǧڤˮǲ
˶ˮõ½Ҳܻʯ
ļĿ궼ѾɣȻѾû壬ĺһ󣬷ȡһʶ̽С
³ǻ˴Ǯˮĵͼ
ڤ粢Ӧþô֮ɽ鷨ѾƳɣڤˮҲԹԺڤǾ
һѰҺ벿ڤǾͬʱѰ뿪ڤķ
⣬ƣһݵıҲѾûмʱˡ浤ڵķӦ㹻ݵɣΪԷһҪһЩ׼
ͼһǹ˸ţˮеĸǳأʶܿһ㣬Ҳˮǣĳǡ
ΪˮǣҵȤĶڤǾ
ʶ֮˳зһߣһĻһڹ⣬Զ۶ȥ

ºˮһƬɫĴ֮еĳƬյ룬վһɫҰףԼ߳ߵĴ󺺣ŨĺһĻɫ
ΧȻͷǷǵĶǹγһ֮ƣ߳ߴΧм䡣
Щȫ²һȦȦĻҺɫڤƣ˸䣬ɢһ޵浤ϢֻϢЩȣвʱͳĺ֮ȴûǰȥƺм֮Щɵӡ
ͷΧȦ⣬ͷƤ촦ĹĲˣģȴмͷһ޶
ͻȻм߳ߴ΢΢һ֮£·һ߰ʧԭء
лҹಡͬʱ
ͷһѪȻ֣漴һķѿ
һͷǹ˻һתȥ
ڴʱһϸŵĻâӺһûף֮Ӷͷ
˶ǹܳʮԶ󣬱һ̱˵ϣһˡ
󣬺Ӱһٴֳ߳ߴ󺺵ΣȥһУԶһһСҹ϶ΪһûУӰ
˲ö˵ˣ
ߵͷߣؿڴһץһſűѪŵڤ˱һͶ˫һУеľ˷ǰۺ󣬱ͬ⼸ֻʬһеֽڡ
һΣӿ𣬾ٴλһɫݹļȥ

ºһ̵ɽͷ֮ϣ߳ߴ󺺣ֶЦЦǰ߰һɫ׵ӡ
Ϊ׵һһɼϢɭȻﵽ浤۷ӡ
ˣ˸޷̽Ϊ硭ٶ֡ĽԣһüĿСӣۺһתĽ˵
ߣҹʲô˭֪ƬڤɽǵĺɽԳվȻôµʲôȥʧǵӡĽɫһСĻδһ㣬һǳ
λǲи㣬ĳ˴ˣӣ΢Цʵ
˵Ϊǰ·ǡһͼϱʶΣսأصжΪɽ֮дܽԼյʱ䣬û뵽Ȼǵء
ƾǰһλ浤ڵĽ浤ٵסڵδЩˡ
ϻ˵Ȼ˲ʶ̧٣ǾͲҪˣ
Ľһ£һѽΧļӣ׷һƤ
һǺ
ȴ߰ͷɫĹӰһŹˣڼ
ٺһЦξ˷ȻһܣһֻнһһɫһͬʱһֻȭͷֱֱӻǰһͷӰ֮ϡ
顱һ죡
ͷɫĹӰһȭ֮£ֱӱɢʮԶֱڰбѿ
һ̣֮͡
ͷ汻һѸĻâм䶴֮һ
һ̣һۡУгɢһֻֻӰѾмһΪ֮м׹¡
Щɱǰ󲻹ϢĹ
һεٴγڰʱΧӴֻͣƤ֮ϣǲ˼֮ɫ


1083 ĳ
Ǹ߽׹еһ֣ΪȻֻлڣ֮£ΪѲʹǳҲһ˲佫߰ͷɽġ
⡭£ҿ֮ƺеᡭĽɫҲ˲˼֡
˿̣ﻹ᲻ףԼ˸ǲ
˿̣ȴʲôҲû˵һģʧԭء
ӰʧͬʱĽ󲨶һһӰһ
Сġһ循һ
ٶʵ̫죬ǵʯһ㣬˸⧲
ġָճڣһ촫Χĺֹͣ
һֻѪֺȻĽֱһͶһŻɵĽ𵤡
Ľ˿̲ſӦͷԼ˼飬ƺԼһ浤Ľֵֶδ壬㱻һƻ麣ͳ浤
ܣˡܣ
һ⼸״ѱŵľ֪˭һ˷׷תһɫݹɢӡ
ĽеĽ飬һֻһĨһâһĽͷ­һĴ֮׹䡣
һ浤ڵ徹Ȼ赭дˣʿڴˣҲһġ
ŽĿĴӴܵ壬ǽЩ˷ߣصǺ󣬿ֻҪ鷳ȻѾ֣ûڵıҪˡ
˼ת䣬ϣಡಡһһһǷɶЫ
һ򵥵Ĺ֮ͨ󣬱һͳϢǿİɫ㷽׷ȥ
ɶЫȻҲǻݹĽ׷⼸ٵڵİ塣
Ƭ֮󣬻ɽдԶһĲҽκˡ

ˮǱĳǣˮĶϷ򣬶ǧ⣬һڤӣϱһƬ
ǳ౳һֱͨԲξ޷塣
û֪ĳǱͨ޷嵽жߣֻڳ̧ĻĿֻ֮ܿ㻷Ƶڤ֮
ͨ޷嶥䱦ݣ˴ԣ˾޷ֱͨ棬ûжлȥһ
Ϊ˷ˮܱͨĵĶ֮Ҳĳ׳ĸڡ
ڴ˷޲꣬Ϊͨƾһ֮˵ˮڴ˿Ļҵ
ʱգѲڹڳ¶棬ʶĳȻûмĿΪƽ˼ɫʡ
һĳ;棬Ҳ˱ĳԱһߵϡ
һ·ϣҲĳǳأȻҲٵЩйرĳǵĴš
ЩǼ٣Ȼ޴ӿ֤ΪͨҲѱĸӻ߱ټǲӽͨ벽ģҪ֮ͨˡ
ڱĳԶԶ壬͸һֺɽӵȻƣҲ΢΢һ
˱ĳǱͨ⣬֮Ҳ̾ѡ
ĳǵռĶ㶥ʮ³ǣ⣬һɵޱа֮ߡ
Զڰ֮⣬Ŀޱ¡ġɫ֡
ǽɫľʯɣӨͨ͸ŵİ׹⣬ǽ֮ÿһξһɫʯʵľ͹ܵ¥ҲǸͦϣ൱ֺ롣
ŸԼɼͷܶϵĽʹǳԳһ쳣ٵľ¡
һƵ󣬱㻯һɫݹĳĳǷɶݶȥ
ϵǣ̫࣬ĳǵرɭϣſڵļűɫ׵Ǽ򵥵䣬鿴һƲȡڤʯ󣬱ˡ
֮ǰһƬپʵЩӦ
϶һҰ֮ɫΪԼѾ½ĳٵĴͳǳˡ
˴˺峤Ƶ⣬ʱܿһЩι״壬еĳףȴģе¶˫Ҳצģ
ԴˣҲûоóԾΪ֮ǰ;һǳءǡУԴְģΪģڳУϡ֮
ͷܶĽֵ࣬µŲŸ߰һĸʽ
Ĺ˼ֵ󣬱һҿЩģ¥Ų˽ȥ
֮󣬵ҵ֮߳ʱĴָڰָ֮УٲȻһīɫĵͼһ·ϻõЩ浤ĲкԼڤˣһգȡڤʯ
֮ǰ;ɱĲѻڤʯԼĪڤʯ֮ˡ
һͨ浤ԣЩƸѾˡ
ȥһʱֹ˼ҿĵ̣ĴйڤǾʣ๦Լ뿪ڤķ
ϣȻǺջ
ֱ߿еڤֻʣһСʱŲתĳ̽ΪϡٵСֵһΪƧĳСջš
ǱĳΪˮŦʵ̫࣬ƧСջҲΪڤʯ֮סһԱȽϰķ䡣
ջ֮Уһöɫ䣬ĳԥ֮ɫ
ǺˮǵλӳĴеƷǺˮҪ֮һЩ챦
ڤ֮أֻǴҴһϸ֮£֮ǰڳеĴ¼۸Ҳ̾ѡ
īĹڤݣ֮һֻҪ˲ݷپɻ֮֮УԶڤ֮ǷϣҪڤʯһꡣ
һɵС죬鲼ڤʮ֮࣬һɶ÷μڤ
ȻڤڤǾԹΣȴʼ޷߶죬䲻ЩΡ
һЩδżδŽСĴָָڴСĺɫҩ裬һޱȣŵ΢ĽʯԲޱȵɫʵȵȡ
ȻףЩƲ۵Ķвʲôȴ󾳳ﶼ֮ֻЩھǼһ㣬ܶóȥ
ϾЩ䱦Ͳ̫ͨԼóȻֵĻȻᱻ˶ϣԺˮ˶ĹƷҲưոݡ
Щһ뿪˾ڤ磬û֮ҲһĲˣһһڤʯһЩԼ֮
μһ֮ڤǾеһᣬһڤ̵ϰе֪ģ˵Ǵ˳һȵһʢᡣ
ϣڶ£ЩƷ֪ίгͬʱܲĵһЩԼ֮
˾֮ڿջ֮оϾԼŽ浤ڲã绹๮һµġ


1084 
£̶һʱת˲š
һ峿ʱ֣ڤ¶΢⣬ĳ㳡࣬һԲεĺΰſڣУɫɫڴ֮нһ쳣ľ
֮⣬вľԣеפƺڵһ㣬е˽֪ʲôеˣһãȻĿ־Ա֮˵Ľ֮£ŻȻĵͷȻǲõĹ͡
ȺһǣһŻɫ۵߳ߴ󺺣ޱĿŴȺ֪Щʲô
ö˵ӣˡ
ֻǴ˿̵ɢķ浤ڵӡ
ǰԲκΰǱĳһȵʢٿĵطĸ󡱣ˮһָĴ̻ᣬ鲼ˮ
ݳĻ֮˴ͷҲйϵӡ
Ǵգ֮ܶˣңǷŸ·ĳǣص˴ʢġ
۲һһִĴָϵĺɫָɫĻȺ֮Уⲽ˴š
ڽʮöڤʯ볡ѣǼݺ󣬽˽֮С
߹̫ĿȣһеһԼĪɵĽݴȻǰ
Ǵ˴᳡аһŵľΣǧ֮ࡣ
ھʼһʱԻûж
᳡ǰһƽ̨˼κһΰ̨˿Ȼû˵ġ
ĿΧɨһۣȻĿһתڻ᳡һ࣬һģСƫſվ˼ɫ׵ʿ
ʱһʿ߽ƫ֮Уڳʾʲô̱֮ᱻſڵʿӭ˽ȥ
᳡֮е忴߽ƫ壬һĽɫ
Χ˽УܿŪˣЩ߽ȥʿбҪ֮ˡ
Ѿˣ뽫ԼеƷҪǰƷᣬרŸ֮󣬲ſڵϽй
ȻҲϳһεṲ죬ղǵһ죬ż֣һЩеٺӴ
ϾЩȻ쳣·˴ǱĳǣӣһһҪӱСĲǡ
˼ۺ󣬱ת߳˴
֮һ¶쳤ȣɽһЩª̯λ
ƷϸĿƣ΢һЩᱻ¼
һЩԶ壬ϴŵĶֵϵͣûʸõȥֻ˶εɽöڤʯһ̯λгۡ
ϾյᣬˮĴʿˣ̻ѵá
ĿִһɨдʱѾۼ˲壬һַǷӡ
һʿ֮ǰȥĿһС̯ϸ鿴
һ˼̯λ¶ʧɫ
Щɢ̯λûʲôɿģƷЩԵеͽƷԻµЩ;Ϊ壬Ѵﵽ浤ڣȻûжôġ
Ψһܹפ㲢ɨϼ۵ģһЩϺͿʯˣȻǰڷɽȵ̯λӦҲʲô̫мֵƷ
ÿ̯λǼ̵ͣƬ̣ĿһƳ󣬾ͼǰȥ
Ƶۣ˲ʱһȦȻһ
ҵǣ½½ĽһЩ;õ޲ϼڤһգȡ˲ٵڤʯжʮ֮ࡣ
Ҫ֪Ŀɲͨ浤óġ
תôһȦῪҲˡ
ٴν᳡ʱȻɫһһתԭһȥ
ֻһʮģűɫ۵꣬վʮ֮⣬ĿһӴʱЩ޴룬ΪֻҺģ
λСѣһʱˣʲô飿кһ˵
ǰǰҪᣬ²ҪǰֻֻǷ֮صԼһ𡣡걻ͷųѹ򣬽Ͱ͵˵
Ŷ˭ҿɲǵĳ֮Уʲôˡüͷ΢΢һ壬ǰִ˼ۣŽųѹһնء
˵ΪӦòǱ˰ŵĶҡ
ҼתǰǰһλˣΪЩԭ򣬲ڴǰ棬ԲŻǰð룬Ʋ˵صĹ¥һ𡣡˿ɫ˼֣һֺ촽΢Ĵ
üͷ΢΢ͷת
ò˵ˣҲ³֮ʱʶ˼Ϊ壬ѵڱĳˣ
ֻߣ˵ˣǰѡ
ͷתͬʱҲڽЩļ䣬Ƿڱĳʲô֮ˡ
״ĵĴվһԾȴţ˿ûдߴٵ˼
˺һᣬûʲôͷһۣʵ·ɡ
벻ʲôˣܶ翴Է˭ڵʵӦӦͻˡ
УӦû˻óȻԼġ
лǰϲһ󣬵תǰ·
ҹգ᳡һװεŵ¥Уĳǰ
ĸṩңΪһЩṩڡ
ţܿ죬֮Ŵһ϶
ǰ״һơ
һۣƿʯţ˽ȥ
Һʯٴκ겢ûи
ڵκ󣬲ɵɫ΢΢һ䡣
װλ룬һŲ֪ƤëʯϣһͫĿ͸ʿǱˣǵ³й֮Եһͬ͹Ʒıס
һʮ֮ãû뵽־ȻΪ浤ڣǿϲɺأ׼վӭ˹һ֣΢Ц˵
һΪλѣԭǱ֡Ҳȭһ񣬽˵
Ϊ˲Ŀʩչ˳ͼڣ浤ڣʮʱ䣬磬ʵЩ̫עĿˡ
յľڤǰ֮ս´æ֮ºʧɢӴѶû뵽֣ҵԵ׹Ц
¹˴ӦòΪİɡ״ԣһϵЦȥ
ֲ䱸²޶⣬ɡ΢΢һЦԱߵһӣһơ
˫Ŀ΢Уٴ˶Էۺ󣬲Żߵ


1085 
ߵԣԶһ󣬸һĲƮɢ˿
ǰĲ豭һۣûȥá
˽Сģײû¶κβ䣬˿ɫûе棬һ󣬼ڵ֣ʵݣˮһĽ
ԣɫ΢΢һ䡣
Ȼµݲ򵥣Ҳû뵽侹ˮĽ
ĳҲһʱ䣬ԳеҲһЩ˽⡣
ĳˮǣľס֮֮Ȼٲʹ֮ˡ
ڱĳУҪ֮һǱľ൱ھĸسǳصĻһ㣬ֻǸĳǵճ
ľڶ࣬µһЩͨĽѡ塣
֮⣬ѡĻӣҲŲӡˮˡ
ˮ࣬ǱµĺĳԱˮĽȻǱĵĸˣܱ֮ͨܿˣȻ򵥵ġ
ԭӸλֲҵ£ʧɿת䣬ͬʱ˵
ֲضǡҲǽżȻ˵ѵģ֮ǰ֪ҲĳǣȥŰݷˡ׹һЦ˵
ٺһ¶ÿɷɫȴûٽӿʲô
ˣл͵ΪֹʵˣȷһҪְæġЦݣɫص˵
Ŷֶ޷֮£µЩˡüһϴơ
ʵ£ʮǰĴԷԸһ񡭡̾һ˵
漰˵飬һ½浤ܲͽȥģѲ˵ˣ˰ɡ
䣬ȻɫĳԴϣһڵֱӾܾˡ
ֲýţԵɣֻеѲܰæģţµĳлӦòܾġ׵˵͸¶֮ɫ
Ƕһ£δ˵ʲô
ûпӦڤɣûгԾܾͻȻһתʵ
˵ûǴ˹ĪǸҲͨ˹̹Ȼϵһ䡣
Ǻǣǵǡ¶Դ˹֪һ״˸Ƿص
ȻԵɺ£˴˹ȷָ֪࣬һĿɫ˵
ָ̲ҵ֪ʵ˹ǰһλСڤʢһʱ˴˹λ⣬ͺܽ˹ɲΣܶô˹󣬲֪ʲôԭ򣬽һ󣬱޷ˡȻԶЩã޷ڤԶڤʶڤһ˵Ѿһ߰Ĵڣ˻ȥ˹ˡװ˰ֵĻ˵
ԭˣֹȻŹ㲩ͷ¶һЩȻ֮ɫ
ڤȻԴԾڤ磬ձ˵˹ƺкܴȱݣһֱȻЩѣƺû˵ǰ
ѵ⹦ʺɣ
ڰ˼ʱ򣬱׼٩٩ֵƾ˹ٵǽᵤɹ׿ԽֿڹؿչӲ֪˹ʵڴ˵ġڤҲܵƾ˹һʱ
Ŷѵ˹أָһԣһæһ䡣
ӰϣõڤܹΪ㣬ȫ꣬ڽᵤɹ󣬵ȷ֮ȻҪǧˡ
˹Ȼ֣֪֮֮ͨҲֵ̫顣
ڤ֮ԻҼʹɺҲ޷ֵ֮ʵȱһϵĸš˷ţӦõڤģʶ֪ڵ˸޼ɵǣǰżȻõһڤӦǵλڤвڤȫźĸţڴ˹һЩĵú͸֣ⱾûȤɣײ˵һִ֮ȡһɫĹӵ伮
ĿⱾ伮ɫ仯һ
Ȿԣֵ֮Ͳ˵ˣڤĸͨܵĵãܿ޼֮ˡ
¸ղ˵ģֻҪԸһ֮ⱾڵΡ
׽仯У¶һ˿ЦݺƵļ˵
󣬵ѾĽͳڿڣһ䡣
ٺ٣Ȼϡ緭ˣֻǺڤйأڤ޼ȥҲ޷õļ۸񡣿ҲֻУϡֵ޼֮ˡҲóġ׺ٺһ󣬺Ļص
־ĳΰæѼȻԸı꣬¿϶ͬСɡʵޣȻҪⱾСϧġ侲
ǰģǵԷԸģ꾡ݣ»͸¶ġڤ˵ֵɹҪãܲðЩգԣĿһ˸
ʱĬȻ
򲻼Ķ豭һ裬ƺ׼ܾһ㡣
ãҴӦˣֺ֪¶֪˶úڳһ˵
Ȩãڻ޷ڤڵʵ浤ԵΣգʲô
ֹȻˬ죬Ϊ˴˴񣬻Ҫλѣ֮پۼһʽġ׼ӦһЦվ
Ǻã±Ȼס׼¾ǡҲվ׸һ󣬱תȥ
׿ڽס
ԣת¶һ˿ѯ֮⡣
Ҳһ֣еɫ伮׸
ʶֽס⳯ɨһۣЩĿף֣Ǻ⣿
˴εڤҪãȻһЩࡣⱾȸ㣬ϣµʱ򣬲ܵ˹ܡ֮»ǰȥֹֻдﵽµԤڱ׼ǲܶЦݵĽ͵
ǡĳʱûдﵽֵҪ󣬻ŴֱܵˣָΣĦеĵ伮κЦЦһ䡣


1086 ڤ
ٺ٣ţ֮ţȻܹﵽµҪھߵĻ׺ٺһкһ֪ʱһȭͷСѪɫʯ
ʯӨ͸΢΢ĺâƺһѪ˿תЩء
Ѫڤֵ˼ǡĿһƳɨ˾ʯһۣƺû¶ʲôԾ֮ɫ
ĳǵһ·ϣҲٵ˽й֮£֪ѪڤһΪϵͬѪķһĶ
֪Ǳˣ˵伮쳣ΪԷһҲѪڤģԱ⡣һЦ˵
Ŀһûй࿼ǣ˵ͷʾû
׼ˣѪɫʯǰһףִ̧һ
Ѫɫʯڶм䣬ƾյת
׿һۺ󣬱һָбƳһѪָһʹ֮Ѫɫʯ֮ϡ
ѪһѪɫʯ㻯˿˿ϸ˿Ѫ˿ֱû˾ʯ֮С
ţʯĳӰѪ˿·ͻȻһ㣬ʼھʯзɿ
ˣҲ«̧ھʯϵһѪ
Ѫû룬ʯеѪ˿ٶ˼֣ƺһ̾Ҫʯӡ
漴һۣͬʱ죬Լ֮ڶмѪɫʯͻȻѪʢžһֱ˿
ĳѪ˿Ѵһ֮£ΪѪ⣬һ˱׶ͷһĶͷӰ
ֻһ̹ǵĺüĴֱڣ֮ҴһȦ֮һŵʶ֮УΪһѪɫСģľ״壬˺ڰ浤֮ϡ
һʶеľһѪɫС档
ѪɫС˿·һ㣬ĲѪɫС̺Ϣ
Ȼѱϣ¾͸ˣºټ֣ɫ伮ҵһǽһۣת߳ҡ
ĿӺ󣬻ʯ֮ϣһ裬һڡ
ڴ˿̣֮һ죬һǽֳһڣл߳һ׷ߡ
û¶˿֮ɫԹԵƷŲˮȻ֪ڴˡ
װڤ壿׷߿űףüһ˵
ٺ٣伮ʺͱףΪԸǧֻҪڤģԶ׬⡣ڤ˵пޣܻһǿǴ׺ٺһЦ˿Ϊ˵
ˣҲһ浤ڶѡԣʮǰֻٵΪ˵浤绹أ㽻㻹ǳԿСġ׷ɫһͺһ˵
ͨ浤ô򵥣֪ҵֱһ׼ġ⣬Ҳ֣ʩչڤȷСѾܼڤͨѾ㹻ˡĿһ˵
д£׷ɫһģԾ˵
ܹûиŵǰ֮£ڤɣڤҲûмģʶ֮Ҳ쳣ǿ󣬸ոȻû˵ƣѷˡ΢΢һЦ˵
ܣҵЩ󾳳Ҳδܹ֣Ӳոս浤ڣǿľ׷ԣЩ
ٺ٣㲻űգʵԽǿԽãһΣϣץˡ˵˴кһһ
ꡱһеıյֱ촷ۣ¡
׷ɫ粻ƺĥոձ׻е˼

뿪¥Ѿû˼μӽˣֱ뿪ĸ󣬲ֱص˾סĿջ
߽˿ջңӶһâм׷ûܣƺŰĵߵ룬
ţһתȡ˱׸Ǳɫ伮֮Թдĸ֣ڤ
һ˵伮ҳ֮һСּͼУʱеע⡣
ʱһһĹȥ
һʱ˵伮һף¶˼֮ɫ
伮ݲ࣬Ѿڤ󣬿Ҳûʲôƿܿ㽫ͨһ顣
жϣⱾ伮֮ϼصĵȷǶڤĵãеһЩԹʹһéٿ֮Уܶԭδϸڶһһἰܴ
֮⣬лһЩŹʩչţܶ⣬Ŀһ¡
мڤĸţȴЩ⡣
ݵ伮˵ڤ˸ʱÿһ׶ΣҪһЩڤУͻƿʹ֮
ԭˣˡõǲڤ伮Уᵽ︨һ˵Ե伮֮˵ûʮ⡣
ݸأڤڤ֮ʱ˴ּΪĵرУʹô˹ܴ
⼸ڤ籦ֻ֪һ񡱵ıＫΪ󣬾˵һܹǿʵģѾûھĳֹĵرҲû˵ӦöԵġ
ȻڤЩԱӦҲġã˵
뵽˴˵½ˮǵĹƷ֮Уĵرȡ˳ȻԳۣɴԼһ
һīݣǺˮǹƷ֮һĹڤݡ
̺صϢá
ǰһºһ꣬Ϻӿڤݰ档
һ죬ڤݱ˲顣
ɫһæյ伮صķŽڤе뵽ڤĹ֮С
ʱ֮ϵĺɢڤݵĲ֮ڤ֮УԹܵûʲô档
ڤݺڤǺݡ漴˵ϵһɫУʢһľ塣
ðһɺ桭
ʱһֹ߰ƷеϧϣЧ룬ֻһѪЧ㲻
ҪڤҪѪУֻôССһ飬ǺˮǽĹƷ֮һȻֵơ
ҪѪڤܡ
ѵôĴ۲ŵõⲿڤȻӲ˶ôֻҡͷЦ
պ󻹿ѰһЩԣǱ׸ʱֻ¡
ˣ
ĿһͻȻ뵽ʲô
һ֣жһСĺɫ«ʢŵģʮĽǧڤˮ


1087 ڤӾ޹
ڤ֮ˮȻڤǾдٽãԳŽЩڤˮڤ֮Сͷת
뵽˴ȲĲ˺ɫ«ӣһУ«֮зɳһζСĺɫˮΣڤˮ
ϺһΪһͷɫһڽɫˮ˽ȥд
ûãһڵˮ
Ȼԣ
һ
ڤˮȻǳ׵ıڤķںһʹԭӰʵ˼֡
ȻϲȻЩڤˮΪԺڤǾ׼ģڵҲ˲ˡ
«ǰյϣһУ«֮зɳʮˮͬʱдޱĴڿӿ
ţзһߣһХīͷӺзɿҧ֮£㽫ʮˮ桭
ʱһμ
ڴڼ䣬неڤˮڤ֮УڤȻ
˿̵Ŀջ֮УĿ֮һƬĺ֮硣
ⲢĿռ䣬ȻѾΪһƬֲָڿռ䣬ڤڤͨ
˫Ŀյվڤռ룬΢΢һ
ͻȻ˫һӣ˫Ŀһ֡
˷ʱһ󡰻ˮһɹŨصˮϮ
Ϊĵڿռ֮УķһƬƬɫˮ⣬һƬĹ֮˷
ɫˮһζУһֻֻСĺɫ׷״˳䣬нֻӡ
Щ˫Ŀ綷ͷϳһڰĳǣһ¶Ų˰һֱ쵽βϣצ֮䣬Χˮ⣬׺ޱȡ
Щ¶һ˿ϲɫ
Щڤˮ֮ڤûڤС
ǰĻͬǣЩﶼʵ壬ÿһֻԼĪ߰˵ڤˮ
ΪĿǰܹٻԼĪһֻӣÿһֻʵҺڵʿ
ֻҪԴԴע뷨Щﱻ󣬿
һ£˶Һڹǰ̵ķӵϣ浤ʿУһʱҲ޷ˡ
ĵ˵ͷ漴ӶһƬɫâһţǼʮɽ鷨
һдʣʮɽһɫˮţ洫ˮη
ɽɢĺڹڤռĺںϽ֯һ֮Խ٣ʮɽһ䣬ΪʮͷʮɴСͨںڵľ޹
ʮͷ޹ģ֮ǰڤС£ֻ۸ΪޱȣͷϵĹֽһֻֻϻ鲼һƬƬƴСĺɫƬ֮ϵУϵ»ͻ߰˸ìһİɫĹǴֱ̣泤ϥǵλá
ڤڤˮ֮󣬺ɽԵԽ
ڤһЩĵڻͨʮɽڤռһ
ɽ鱾ڤ֮ӳֻûɵڤӾ޹ÿһͷнӽٵʿʵƣΪߣЩ޹ʵҲԽԽ
һ˫ַһɣڤռͬеĹȻɢΪˮһ壬ʮɽҲ֮С
ڤĳ̶ȣӦԴﵽ׵Ҫ˰ɡ˵һϥ
һգ֮вڤĵãһ׹漤
۾ַһ׹Уȴһ
飬һ˳Ǳס
վ߳ңſڴ򿪴š
ֻվű׺ʿ
ԭǱ֣λѣɡĿһӶͬʱÿţ˸ƣȴһ
ˣȻ浤壬һ۵Ŀߣгһ͵ľƹȣһüˣݣƺû˯ѵӣһ˫ֻ꣬жʮӡ
ȽģΪء
һϰͣ°Ȼһģϸצӣβһβ
һͷɣ׳ޱȡ
֮Уģ壬ͻͷ浤ڵΪ˶浤ڡ
׵˽˷ţ˿˵Щªλ¡
Ǻǣֲ˿Ϊһ£⼸λǱĳĲĵѣʶһ¡Ϊ˴ټˣĸһˡ
ۿΪʯݣü˫Գƽ壬߾˵ɢ壬ȽϿ
Ǹͻͷ壬ȴЩˮΪ
ײûжܣȻʣֻ֪Ի߳ͷй
壬ֻ浤Ϊ֮ɫֻưĵͷ
˿ɫһһЩĬĬĽЩ˼
֣ʱѹӦ˰ɣ׽֮˺󣬻һת˵
Ǻǣ˱ֵĵ伮Щջ񡣡΢΢һЦÿɷ˵
Ǳãھ̽һ£ֵĹˡһϲ漴һһɫӡ
̹һһɫëԳ͹˴֮С
ڳˣɫ΢΢һ䡣
ëԳȻһͷ浤Ĺ
µһͷͣʵ㲻ʩչڤֻͨҪסͷͣء׵˵
䣬ִһɫһŵûëԳС
ëԳк̹⣬Ȼת׿һΣһɫӰȥ
ëԳȻٶȲ˵ȴʲôһӿΪԣͷ
ʱһ̹ǵϢ¶轵
һֱӵëԳǰ
ëԳŭſһɫɢҲ
Ŀһ漴˫üһСڤַɿڡ
ʣͷһ±ѿΪ˴Ƭڹ⣬ëԳ档
׼ˣĿһ˿ײ˷˵ͷ
ߵɢ˿˵һǣһۣҲ΢΢ףȻΪϿɡ
һߵİͻɫȻƺʩչڤռ䣬мһ˵ӡ
ɫռ֮УëԳһϴ޷󣬶ʱŭ
йֽһϸֳһɫ棬ʮָ͵ðĳצǰһһƬݺύıɫצâļиΧĺɫռ䡣


1088 峤
ڤеĺɫһ棬ڡ͡Уɢı˺һӡ
ëԳϲһΣҪûȥ
ոշɳɣǰһ󷭹Ӷʱֺ϶
ţһߴֻźڰ׳ǵĺɫ˹
ëԳһԳ۱ǣɫţһһĽͷɫһץסҪ顣
Ȼͷɫ͵һǣءһըΪһɺ
ëԳһʹ֮ˮϵɫ˲١
ëԳѿΣд˿ڸֳ˽ɫ
ڴ˿̣Χһڣһֻֻһ޶ĺɫ׷˳нͷ֮࣬һУȿֺëԳȥ
ëԳ۹ֺһֻצǰȻһӣʮεıɫƾոֶХųڶնȥ
͹ȻС֮׾ٵĽͷǹն»ΪһƬƬơ
Ʒݣÿһֱֻնɱֻһͷֱ޾һ㣡
ëԳתۼնɱϰͷǹȻ˷ĺƷǵûкˣ𽥱ƽ˹
֮ĹƵҲԽԽ죬иһɫĹ
ëԳɫţסȫ
ɫһɫ֮ϣȻ̱ɢԳ棬ҲԽԽ
ëԳ˫Ŀ̹ţȻֹͣ˷йȭͷ͵һؿڡ
ɢһ죬ȴȻǴתۼǴ޴ӳΧĹֻķɣ飬ΧĺƸǱ˺Ѳ١
ëԳ﷢һй߰ĺҪټһѳɫռ䡣
ڴʱڤ֮⣬ɫĿĬ˼ͳ
ڤռΧĺͽȻһ漴ëԳΪģɿתҳļѹ˹Щ뵽˺֮Уʧˡ
ëԳһ޴צһӣץѹĺơ
һӴƣëԳŷһˣЩһ±쳣أʮ㣬ľҲ޷׽˺ѿ
¶ëԳ𣬷˺ץԵĺƣûãתĺƷɿѹ˹
תۼ䣬γһ޴ɫУëԳ棬ӴδҲת
ëԳзŭĺУڴ˿̣һ𣬾޴巢ǵɿСԭĴС
ëԳ̹һһ˿ԻĹâ۱ȭǰһ
֮ڵڤռһȻɢΪ¶ëԳӰ
ַһУ޾ˮûУʧ١
ëԳѾָ˱ɫ֨֨ΪηĿһۺһΪһ̹⣬ɻرĴӡ
ܺãֵڤռ󣬻Ԥ֮ϡ׹һЦ¶֮ɫ˵
ֹˡ΢΢һЦ
Ȼͨ˿飬Ǵ˴δ£ҵλһɡλѶûɡתˣ˵
ǺǣȻû⡣
Ǳһţ˵ˣ׷׶˹֣ˣҲЦ˻һ
ͻˣһۣȻɫȻŰȻȻҲĬ
׼˴ϲֶ˿˼󣬰߳Ŀڣּϸǳ̶֣Ȼ˶ˣҪʲô飬ܸúϸ˵һ˰ɣ
һڳҲת׿˱ףȻҲ֪ξҪʲô
Ȼǰûкλ³¡ֻһ˼ЦݵĻص
ҵȾϴˡԣǺһЦ˵
˵򵥣Ҫǣһ峤顣ԭӳ֮һԭ㱾֣ʮǰȴñĴ֮ʱԵľһ˵ıˮȻ󲨣Ĵ˲ȻŭǲºˮԱĴ׷¹һֱܵĽУûšԵЩ߷߲ƽĻ
壿
Ŵԣڳ֮һʱû˵ƺ嶼Ϊİģ
ˡϷʶǳǵһ˵ڤڣ˶ȥˣˮ˵Ӧ׽ס˲ǣѵ龹Ȼӵȥ˲ɣ૵˵
ǵûСʯ֪ԭǱ纱֮Ĺ壬ƽǰʶ֪ڵ֮١ּ⣬һָ֪ͨ£ڶ浤ͨǳ뻯һͨǺѷδΧѡλͨԴָкܴĿã²Żλ׽͵
һڳų˶ԷԼһͬԵɡ
гӣĪѾ׷ٵڵȷλˣĿ˵䵽֮һֱĬ״οڣΪͳ
Բ֮ǰ׷鵽һ˵٣Ѿ˳ϵȷ䣬˿һλͬţм顣а׹һȡһģĶ
Ȼˣδҹζ࣬ЩɡĿӱһɨ
ߣѲֲ뼸λˮһͬж񲻸аգ忴һۣһ漴תĿű׵֪߳黫ޱȣץľ飬һ֣Ϣһ©ԻҵǰȥΪ׵׿˰һۣ˵
Ŷԭɫһ
˵²˳٣λʣԱ߱˵һ˳ȥ
˵ȻҲһһ˳ȥ
뿪˿ջڱ׵Ĵ£һ˶תת֮£˱ĳϽǵһرɭϵĺʯǰ
ռʮĶСķʮֵĺΰڤյӳ£һֽ
˼ˣδ¶˿ɫΪ·ϣἰ˴ǱĳǵĴʹˮֱӹϽ
˲δֱͣſȥ
˵㣬ľĸ˶ޱȵĺɫʯܣֳĸÿвٴͷӡ
׶Դ˿ʮֱֵ㣬һ·ϣԱ׵޶һ㣬ûκ̲ѯʡ
Щ򶨵Уһ˿ɵ֮⡣
ʱ˽˶ĳ֮С


1089 
ֻʮɴСһʮҵԲδ󣬷ǰһűɫ׵Ĺͷ壬ϥ
֮ʱʱһվ˫ֱȭҪ˵Щʲô
Ȼδȹͷ忪ڣ״ȡһˮɫǰһΡ
ԭǱ״ˣ
ͷ״̹ĶűһҲʺȵݣתֳһ
׹ţʱ
߰ɡ
Ҳ˵վ˴ͷ֮С
һƬ׹֮Уǰһģ˳һ¶ʯ̨֮ϡ
ʱڱ׵Ĵ£ֽת˼ͷ
һ֮һѾ˾ĳǲ֪֮һͰɽ֮С
Ǳ֮һҲӡĿǰõϢһǱƬɽ֮еһ塯֮Уﻹ֮ңһĸͨĪ⣬ܹڻ϶浤Ǳʯ飬֮У˷ʤǽ·;ҪǳСġɫصĶ˵
ԣһ漴׷׵ͷͻʱҲĿɫ
һҹۣó仯䣬ҵȾǰɡһһ֣һҹϷɳΪһɳıԲۡ
˷ͨʻҰɫԵһ״ĹŹƣ΢΢˸ŻɫĹâ
׿дʣִһЩƺһӿ˴ƬĻɫ۰棬濴ȥͷ·յһƬѰƣֻмķ洫
۾һҷǷμģԶĴۿɱȵġ
߰ɣ˷֮ϣҲŷ
֮еĻ΢΢һ£һϢķɳ۶ȥĿ죬Ѱ浤ʿĶݹ޼
ĵһǻɣɫߵһĸ߿֮󣬻Ѿȫټ
ڳ˿Ŵ϶ҲԵӵ
ֹȻǱĴ˵ţȻд˵ʺǱеķۡĿһ·ۣ̾˵
ֹ߳ɳһۺʲôıûмµСС۸㲻ʲôЦһ˵
ٺһЦû˵ʲô
ô˿Щʱ䣬¾˵һΧľ岽ɡһ߲ݷǰж˵
ԣ׷
·̣Է۵Ķ٣ܿ˹ȥ
Сʱ󣬻ɫͣһ޴ɽ
Ǹ塯ɽһߣλҪʹʶ̽飬һʶӦҲ쳣Ŀһɨǰ˵
˶˵ͷɢ΢΢¶һ˿֮ɫ˸ոҪųʶ̽һܵġ
һ֣ɫϢĽȥһεɽ꣬쿿ȵ׵ʱΧзһƣƾУʧӰ
ɽ֮УȻһƣ
ɽ֮Уɫɢ¶˱һ˵Ӱ
ţ׵һУ۶ʱΪһӰķ˱УӰ
̧״һܣΧΪĿҶѷŵľ޴ʯ顣
Զɽϣһһ˶ߵɽͷſһ㵭ɫĹĻ
ڴʱɽ֮зɳһɫݹ⣬һ֮£ǰâȥһ׷ߡ
֣ˣ׷߿ǣһ漴Ŀϡ
λˮͬšɽһֱڴ˼һĶ򡣡׶ȼ򵥽һ䡣
˶԰׷߹һ񣬵׷ʱĿɫһš
û´Ļʱĸ¥ʱҲС
֣ոƺ﷢ʲô˫󣬱ͻȻʵ
ţ⼸һֱйעŹ壬֪ǲǲʲôգ岿ٻˡ´ݾߣҹ̽飬ҺļʱӦûڴ˵ء׷üͷһ壬˵
Ǿͺã
˿漴ת˵ʵ̫թ²˳٣㰴ռƻְɡ
˵꣬תһ̹⣬ɽ֮ɳ۶ȥ׷߽ȻҲæȥ
زѾûмıҪһȫɳۣܿɹɽͣһɽϿա
ʮֿ涼Ӹɽм䰼ݴһƬªԲνвٽϣðһƺʹƬϵУһŨܵĺ֣Ե
˷ɳ۶ǿʱɢ岿֮һ󾯽˻ŴӼУɳʮϡƵĹ
Щͨ£ֻ۴ĸǶȿȥֻܿīڵһӰò
ʮɢϢ߲ҺڵӣƺǸܵɢǿѹһ׷ͣԭֹǰˡ
һ֣˼۶һεķɢصĶϱĸ
ͬʱ׹һһɫ죬ֻӶ֮䣬컯һ׹⣬û˵֮ϡ
ܿ죬һεİɫ档
˿̣ϵĽ֮УַɳͷԴһȦĳܵİɫ֣¶˷ŭ֮ɫ
ЩҪʲôлͳǵĹ岿䣬´ŭлͳһڵĳ
׿ҲûпĹһۣĿ·֮ɨüͷ΢΢һ塣
漴ת׿˰һۡ
⣬âһðһԱĳһģ£˹彨Ͽա
һſڣһֵĳХ·ǳ˻
֮УʱΪģֳһȦһȦۿɼĲƣ·Ĺｨӿ
ԣƺѰ
˿Ѿе찲ϣзĲƹһ
֮еҲӵ֮Хֻ΢Щȴûʲôӡ
·еЩЩĲƾ֮󣬶ʱ
Źֺ˷һһģĳ׷״Բνд˳
ЩһʱܵĲҽвٱͷ
ڰյĶʮͷڼҺĹҲͬһҽУʮͷðһɹɻɫ֮ԼֳһŤס
һˣȻܹӸ֮ϱȳȷôġԵͷ


1090 
Ű巢Ĺɢ·УҲгðĻɫҲǸ
ƳΪҲǺǿҺڣ಻ӡ
Щ·ûһ㣬ΪһɫӰӣ̶ХУȻ˷ɶݶȥ
ʱվڱԵĻ̤ǰһ컢ХһðһƬƬɫϼŴӱȭͷС͸ݣŷӵһһ˹ȥ
Щ͸ݿȻٶȴ죬Ĺ򣬱㽫һĻӰ档
ݲסɫâϴҪͻƶ
Щٶͽͣ͸ƺһĿһ㣬ճ˻ӰϣƾҲ޷ѡ
͸ݲɢĻҹɿı˽ȥ
Щ͸ݳ˿Щ⣬Ȼܹڷ
һ˾϶ʱ¶֮ɫȿֺĳԶɶݶȥתۼ˵˰ɫ֮ǰ
ߣ꣬üվĸλͬʱһɫֶȻâš
˹һ׹⣬ʱꡱ죬ڴ˷ĲҽУ·һ㣬ҲС˲١
Σ˶Ǵϲ
Ϊ˴˴ж׼ǲµ󷨣ʩչ츳ͨĿסЩƻ쳣һ塣
ڵοһжźõķչ
ȴüͷһ壬һƬã֪ΪΣЩ
˾վԭأҲûжֹЩɶݶֻǲϴûɫ֮УάŰɫֵܣκһͷӳȥ
ҲǱȾõս
峤ǰĸֻҪؼɡ
Ż˼鰡͸ݣܿ콫бƳס
ЩƯ͸ݣŰ·һǴұ˴ܣγһһݣ·еһ㣬ıһ
Щȫҹɢ״οһΡ
Щÿһͷֻгߣֻ沿壬Щɲ֫ϸŶ̶̵ĺɫëѰСһ㡣
ûã֮бƾնʮСݣÿУŴССͷеĻܶеȴͬһ㣬ǳ졣
ʱĻɫҲѱò԰ޱȣȻʩչֹͨҲһԪ顣
˿һ֣һϸܵĻâеʮ鷢һһûС
žžӶĴ
ʮݷ׷ѿֻѲٶǵʬ壬ȻҲѿš
֮ϣĹ岿֮У԰ټƵĳѾӽб˳ۼǰΣһĿɿڴ
Щĳָ󣬸һɫ
ڱ׵ʾ£ڷ˻·һȻʹ࣬ȴûٱƳˡ
ڰգĿ·Ĺ岿֮ɨӣɫޱȡ
ַһ˻󣬱ͣ
Ѿɱ𣿡忴ףʵ
ᣬɱĶһЩͨ黹ûҡҡͷ˵
᲻ѲǣΧס֮ǰ֮ززˣüͷһ壬
ɫһ䣬ת׿Եİ׷ߡ
޴˿ܣڳΧרŸӦһ󷨣浤޷ӹ̽ġ׷߳˵
΢΢ͷ׷ˮ󷨴ʦ϶Ȼڴ˹岿֮С
һһ·ȥ׷߰Ҳ
·Ϊ׵Ǽڳڰͣ˻ʹ֮ɫƽϢȴŭĿǰļ塣
˫ʵʵ̫Ҳ˶ѡ
ڴʱ·ȺĳĴһɧֿ֮һ·һЩ͵ĳ˳
λĴˣ˴˲峤лλǵˣϳڵ塣͹ű׵һԵЩϡ
ԭҲǵҵ׷һǱǵĲ֮У֮£Ҳֻˡ׵˵
ԭˣ֪Ҫҵʲô𣿡峤ԣЩȻǿЦ˵
ոհ巢ԶҲһһ浤棬λ峤ȴκβʾ
ϣٺ٣ܼ򵥣ڻһͷûбֻ֣ٵһˡ׺ٺһ̿һ԰һۡ
һЦ漴һţһɱȸղǿȻ˷ʱΧгȫ档
շԵĲƣ޹İ졣
ˣ
峤ʧɫһ̣ǿҲ棬϶ʱҲ¶˼Ϊʹɫ
Ȼ峤ΪҲǼٵڣֵסǵħʱ˫ֱסͷ˰֮
ǲΪµһ죬ţڡ顱顱УȻѻΪһѪͺ
תۼ䣬һʮʹ˻ҷ
֮ϵЩԲεĹ彨Ҳڿռ֮УȻ˲٣̳
⸱״Ǳף壬û¶˿ɫ
峤ҲУͫһҹһɲǼʧ١
ಡһ
һĿâȻ̵˳峤ؿڣȴһɫץŽĺȻ塣
ɫͬһֽƬһ㣬һ֮£̴˳峤ؿڣɫâ˲ķѡ
ڴ˿̣һӰȴӳ峤֮һŵķɳ˼£ʮ⡣
飬Ȼڴ˵أĿޱȣȻֵĻɫӰ
ֹͣ˷˻¶صɫһ˻ӰҲ࣬һлɫһҲ˻ɫӰࡣ
ɫӰΧڰ׷ߣվ˱ĿĵĿԶĻɫӰ
ӰԱˣ˿ûη֮ɫзĹЦϻ¶Ρ
Զһ˿ȣ֮еӰȻһΪӢ׳ӣ޳棬͸ոտªȫͬ
ⲻǻʵ塣
ľ飿
ףֻɫĿӣâ˸ȴû˿ɻ𾪵ɫ


1091 Χ
飬Ѿ·ӣʶĻʵʵĽɣȻ󣬵кãĴ˵㲻ҲǶͬŵķϣҲڱĴǰΪ˵ûпһһ̹һѾһɫСᦡ
ҲʩСתðɫϸ˿ӭҡڡ
ףǰһֱΪǸˣû뵽ô޴⣡ˣҽ裬ѵŹҲɣٺһЦ
üͷһ壬ûзϣڵ˵ڸˡҲ޷ץסֱѻ꼴ɣ
ʹұˮҲҵǿˣЦǳЦ֮⣬·˵ʲôЦһ㡣
ѵѾ֮ˣһ֮ŭ
һЦĿת򸲸ͷİɫ֣Ȼû˵˼Ѿˡ
ãܺãȻˣֻ΢ƽϢһ±Ĵ˵ŭˡɫ·ܵγˮ֪Ϊ־廹Ƿŭһ˿
Сһţ˿ȥ
׶֣ͻҲɵķ˶
йâһһɫޣһ֮£Ϊ߰˵ʮɳıӰ鼲ȥ
˫Ŀһʢһߣһ˶͸ݣӭһ֮£ΪһƬ͸ݣǵص顣
֣˲ȫ·
Ͽ˿η֮ɫ԰ͻĹܲˣһֱ˹ȥ
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֪ͷһһĽǶŤ·ˮƯˮһ㣬쳣ıŤ
˼һĻ֮ˣ
ҹһξŷһ㣬˿֮ʧ١
˵Ĺʱ׷ա
һ̣󲨶һһ֣˵˰׷߶ȥ
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׷ɫ䣬ȻҲ浤ڵΪƽճר֮ٺ˶ֶսһʼվ˱ôҲû뵽龹Ȼ
ѸתľٶҲɫ䡣
׷ߵĶΣǳ˹ȥͬʱӶСᦣǧ˿ȥ
Ķʼһ˲˿Ѿ˵˰׷ǰɾ롣
׷ȻЩţΪ浤ʿӦҲǲһĵļæϼһɵĻ֣һ֮£ҲһɫԲܣǰ
³һöԲܣɢɫâȫ档
׷߸ոЩһֻɫȭͷѾǰݺ¡
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Сı󣡡׷߸ոշɳɣߺĴ׵ĺ
ûӦһ͵סε㻤ֽɢСһһֱֻۺȻᴩ麣ץһöɫ浤
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ڴʱɫϸ˿ſȴǹһΣһֳ˶ʮ֮⡣
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ӱ׵˳ֹ飬׷䣬ǰ̶ֻһʧһˡ
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ɽ
׿һ۰׷ѾûϢʬ壬Ȼ̧ͷһ㿴顣
˿ٴʵΣ¶Цͬס
ͻ˿Ҳ˹˱ԣɫҲǺܺÿ
ԶԶǵԤϡ
֣˲άֻˣ֮ǰܴ˵ԼҲˣȫɱɡƽϢһЩ
׻䣬ס岿İɫ˸£Ȼɢ˿
һʼ֮ſ֣ͲΪ˶Ըģ̶ֳȵĻֽƣһ浤ڵǿ˵ͻơ
ţˣͬԵİ弰ȫһεļ۶˷ֱ顣
ʹõĻɫޣ֯һƬݺύܼ岻֪ʱǱɫĳųһ˺ɷɲ棬Ϊʮڹĳ鼲̶ȥ
⼸ߵҲǲ
ʹһװɫɵų˱ɫɽüһöɵԲ顣
˶Ѿ֣Ҳ˼ţĸ꽣һΪӰ鼤ȥ
˺ϼ⳯мڹȥƺƴ󣬹ΧҲ㣬˷ȫ
͵Ĺƣɫȴǳϵ򶨣һŤ·޹һ󣬾͹Ȱ˹ж
һ˿ȣӰ󷨵ͨڻþһҲŲ
ʱһ߹һĹ֮УһɫӰһ㣬κ֣ƾο񹥣Ȼӡ
ʱıײûг֣վڰУ·սţɫ粻֪Щʲô
УһɫޣȻΪ߰˵Ӱոոֶ塣
Ȼͷһ㻯ӰɢɫֻӰ
Ӱһʮ֮⸡ֶ
ڴʱһɵСһһת£һӿɫϸ˿һ
⧲ʱ˿棬γһ͵Ĳϼģ
ãץסˣ˷ܵĴһָһʮɳɫɽһʮֽĳűסȥ
δһӰѾӲ˿֮зɳ·Ӱһ㡣
Сģһ屾ǰ״̬ѿʹ峹׻ΪδڣһĹ˲Ҳסˣ׵˹֮Ӱڰ֮иֶһк˿ƿնأâһ󣬾Ȼ۳һС졣
ˣһ
ԣҲЩȻ
ѹܹ˿Ĺ֮к𣬳ǹĪ廯ΪεĹͨ


1092 ֮
״΢΢һĹͻ
ĻӰ֮УͻȻâӰĻΪһҹ⣬ıڼȥٶ֮죬һ㡣
ɫһ䣬͵һ֣ɫɽһնصǰеʮɳɫâն˹顣
ϻɹâһתĽնϣһ㣬ֱӴ͸˹ȥ
һ̣һſڣһֱ۴ϸĺɫѸޱȵһ֮£㵽˱ǰ
ɫһһֳһɫףһɫð˳ںɫ֮ǰ
Щɫ֪Ǻɣ·Ӱһ㶴˲ɫ棬˱ؿڡ
еؿһͬɫ׷·ֽһ㣬ȻɫһڴѪȻؿڡ
Ѫ磬شʹʶһģҲЩҡҡ׹
ҹһĻɫӰѾû˵˱ǰһֻɫצץͷ­
֮£ҪŶǣƣſһѪԭ΢Ļâȫɢ
Σʱҡ
ѳͷŵ˿Ϯ꣬ƺʱܳʵֻת˲ĹۿһҪ֣֮
ڴ˿̣һɫ׵Ĵһ½С
Ȼһٻ˴롣
ڴ˿̣һ֮Ļ˴ӺӿҲһĲƣһʮɳĻһ˶Ȼ˰ɫ֮е顣
ڻǧһ֮һģ֮£ͬڰɫܽ⿪һ㣬͸
һ
ŴƬ棬ɫУһƬƬˣ˷һʱ֮޷
ͬʱһһĺɫϼס䵽Զ
ǵüӣ˿һɫ⣬дʣдһĳɫͱ
һԣʯͷϣ֪ʱһɵĹžһɫԴԴϵ
ۼԼ̴ڴϢæȡŵҩ£ؿڴ˿ϸֳһ̹⣬漴ѿ˳ܿ콫ؿڵĴϡ
лλԮ֣ò׻һüӺ߹һ
ߺ͵üӴ˿ר־ĶԸ飬ȻҲûϾӦֻĵͷ
СģոշֺɫǿμķڤҲֵס̹һֳɫСڱԣȡһŷһģһɫֽסͬʱ˵
䣬弰ͷѴһɫ޼ɫɲ滯ĲӰ׹⼰ǵصϯȥ
һߣнһĸ꽣һ֮£һʮɳĻɫȻ֣һǰȥ

֮ʱɫɫɫɫɫϼ֣
ɫϼһȥһŻз֮£˲ԶһֳӰ
ȥƺ˿üͷ΢Ŀ׵ˣ۹⺮â˸ֳһ˿ɱ⡣
׵˼Σһɫ
иǰԾ
ȻΪֻ浤ڣʵ֮ǿѾԤϣҲ֪ΪΣãʵƺԶԶֹˡ
֣ļܽ廯ΪΣеĹûôпжԲߣת׿ףʵ
ԭ㣬ҵȴͷɽֵ󷨽ƶԸĻ֮͸ڡ˼Ļ˵
ԣɫһ
λҲصģڲʵռϷ磬Ļ֮ҲȻ㣬ֻҪҵСĽһЩҪƣҪɱǲѵġЦһ֮һ꣬ʮɵԲֱڼȥ
ٺһЦһΣһԺӶ
׼ˣɫȻһһʮɫԲһתҲת˷ͬʱٶȼӿ˱תۼ׷ɡ
δʲôӦһ䣬һ֡
顱顱һը죡
ʮɫԲ龹ͬʱȻѿΪһƬɫûС

ԶĿһЩɫأǺˮǵʹù
˶һ±ѳӿɫӿգۼ㽫ΪģΧɷΧ֡
˼Ʋһεķ׷׵أַΧ
סΣǰȥ֮ʱʱǰһĻһ
ԭڵİУȻʮӨģÿһ֮Уһ鳤һ޶αУ
·ĳ岿أȻѾΪһƬɫӨıѩ磬ǧƵĳԲνһɫᣬгϣűǰһ̵ı飬п־壬оȣо
֣ʹڤʱ䡣ڴʱȴ˱׵Ĵߴ
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ֻȭͷһΣʮͷԾ޻һХУֱеʮɫڿӿȥ
ڤ
䡱䡱
Ծ˲ԱΪƬڹĳǰʮһȥ
գۼ䣬һнɴСĺɫȻ֣
ɫһͣȴȻһžžı֮
Ȼסⲣڤ֮Ч׼ˣ˿һ˿ϲɫ
˿ȴɫأ˿ҷɣ˫һɫûкɫС
ɾڤͨٺ٣Ϊ˶ԸңѪǷʮǰ±Ҫڴ˵ˣ֮ȻɣڤҺΣ
ڤ֮У˷һƬɫ޹УӿĺɫȴǲŲæ
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Ķǹצĳ˹ȥ
ڴʱٺһЦһ֮£һһ֮£׷û˹Ķǹ֮УӰ
ô£ڤ֮⣬üͷһ
˿ڤٻİͷڤСϣƺһ
Ҳ˵ÿһͷڤСпǱţȴ˿޷ӦÿһͷڤС˿Ĳͬ
ܲܿͷڤСɱɣˣҲֻǰװԼķȴ޷ʲôʵʵ˺
һˣüͷһ壬ԥķһɡ
ۡһ
ԶɴСڤȻɢĺɫ
ٵҹӺɫĵһ֮£û·ɫ֮УӰ


1093 ī
ô£ΪνųһԵʯݼ״󾪺ʵ
ⲻѣǻǵ͹飬⼸ʮУȻ֮ˣʹɵڤҲ޷סҪʱսǲ̫ܵġһΣȴǱĿһɨ·ٸ̾һ
ڤٻĹﶼܸҸ޷ҵڡ䱻ڤе˲䣬һԪȷ˲١ŵ˵ͷɫ˵
ãȻ֮ܽʩչĳ뻯ҲǲСġ֣Ϳֶˣλ͸λһΣɱһϲɫһ˵ζǻ⡣
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һ̣ƿ
ͷˣ׷ܣΧ
ţͷһȻϿգһߣüͻȻѿһѷ죬һŵĿϸ֡
һ
⻢ͷĵ۾Уһɫߣһ֮»ΪһƬɫϼ·岿ɨȥ
˼һĻˣ
бסĳһɫϼɨɿһŴСһĳɫǣеʮҪɢһ㡣
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ڴʱŰһХѭȥȴ·ĳ֮Уһųɫ⣬һֵĻš
һ̣һɫܰУ籩к¡
һıѺ
ǸΪĵĽɷΧŶɫ⼸ء
âȥ󣬸ɷΧڣסĳԲνȻ޴棬ֻʣһ˶ޱȵİӡ
Ȼˣɣ浤ʶȻˣڱը˲䣬һ޵ĻɫһŵĲ֪١
ߣͷһŭȣͷϵĿлƹţһƬһƬɫϼ⣬ϯ·ɨȥ
ʱ˻ͱϴһɫ⣬·вϴ
ȻԲϴ߶ڽ֮Уܿ춼ͷĵĿҵȻ˱Ƴ
һʱҲ޷εʲô˺
ûãԭڵأѾһһ޴İһƬĿľ
һԸĿռҲԽԽСϢҲԽ΢ʼ뱻档
Ƶ߶ҲĲСһɫʼ
䡱һ죡
һɳʯ֮Уһõĳ䱻Ŀϼ֣һɫһܶͽȻһΪ˵ĳ˸򣬼ȥ
ߣز븺翹
еĻͷ壬Щκһڰеһת£һƬɫϼ⳯˷ɨȥ
ۡۡ˷
߸һɫϼ⣬ܽһľʹɢ
ֻжϷһɫţϼһɨ֮£һȻâһʢǰټȥ
Ѿֲ֧סˣ׷
濪ʼܣһȻԥһ߶ݹ⣬һ̹ļ׷ȥ
˵ҲԼݹ⣬ڵǰ׷ȥ
˫Ķ٣һ׷һ֮£׵תۼ׷֮ңѾңңԿͰɽıشˡ
Ȼټ죬;ϵļʹɽľ֮Уұ׵˵ߣ׵ȴʼ總֮һ㣬ԶԶβں档
һߣ鱾Ԫȫٶ֮£ǽġ
˫ľҲԽԽۿҪ߱׵׷ϡ
ǰɫ֮Уһߴ߶ݹǰۣ۹ɨһ۽׷ŵı׵ˣһ˿֮ɫ
ɺޣֻʱ䣬ľͿɼˣʱ򣬾ǱҲġȻ̫ͱƴżƻһҲҪʬΣԽͷ֮ޣ
һݺݵţͬʱ˼ɬĹŹķĴڿӿûĻ֮УȻмһʹٶһᣬֿ֡
ȻһתͰɽһ򼲳۶ȥͷûٻһ¡
Թǽˣ˿ʩչʲôǱλټӰѾֻҪɱⲣĴһͣ󷽶ݹ֮УԶнԶĻɫ㣬˵
ٺ٣鵱֪սб״˵ı֮ڶҵȵ׷٣һԵİԣٺһЦ
״ˣͻȻת˷ǰ֮ǱǱɳһƬī֣īҪҵͲˡۿʯȴüͷ΢˵
ī֣ӽȥˣҲҪӿٶȣһҪī֮ǰסɫһ䣬˵
漴һſڣһɫ壬ʱһɫ棬ɡ
˼ˣҲ׷˶١
ĸ꽣һལǰˣûֺ
浤֮ڽ֮Ҳһ֮ԽѸ˿̱׵˲඼Ѿȫ·˿ȴֻʹ߷ֵʵѡ
֮ϣһȫԸ顣
ӿ˶ݹı׵˽˺֮ľ룬ȴʼû׷ϡ
С֮һƬҰɫʯֳ˵Ұ֮С
ԶԶȥЩʯΪϸէһ·ǿÿûҰɫľʮɣ·һƬӴޱȵĻҰɭ֣ൽҰͷ
ԭī֡ԶԶĿǰĹɭ֣ɫһ
·ϣĳһԵĵüѯйī֮£֪ЩҰɫľʯǾڤľ֮һֽīĿʯγɵһ⾧ʯ
īھĸʵټڲٵطܿľʯ֡
ЩҰ׾ʯ̺ľڤӲ޷ڤʶ̽Ĺܣ͵īŸڤڤķӡ
ԣһ嶼ī־Զ֮
ͱ׵תۼ㵽īֱԵ
ȻѾߵ죬ɫţǱǿһɵ˻Ұɫɭ֮ǰ
ٺ٣ףҪȥûôˣ
ɫĸЦһҹһڻɫУȻܳ߸һģһĻɫӰŲͬķһͷʯ֮УתۼʧҰ֮⡣
֮п˾һʶʯ֮ɢȥ
ʶһҰʯУ̸оһɹңڵľҲֻ̽⵽˲ʮﷶΧ
ʶӦ֮У߸ɿĳŲͬķȥۿҪݳʶӦΧ


1094 ؿ
īֵĸţҲжϲĸˡ˱Ԫīлʩչ֮Ȼ߸ͷ׷һһ˵ȴ˿Ҳ׷˻ҰʯֵıԵ״˵һ仰ɵķʯ֮УһӰ׷ȥ
Ҳҵʱ䣬Էɢ׷һ
Ҳ׷һ˻Ұʯ֡
ʯ֮޴ڵɢһֹĲظʶ
ʯ֣ȴ·һдУתۼѾʧҰ֮⣬ֻʹʶǿԷ
һӺվīֵĳüͷ壬ĿΧ
ڲǰ׷Ǹ
ֱ鲼ĵطٶܵ˺ܴƣĹȴȣܿһ㣬ɳʶ̽ⷶΧʧīС
ԭվƬ̣̾˿ǰȥʼī֮Ŀĵ
һߣ׵˵࣬һ׷īûã׷׷˱׷Ӱ
ͬʱīλãһƽ̹ĻҰɫīʯƽ̨ϣһɫ޳Ӱվ
͸ƵԼɼһΪӢ׳ӣ˲Ǳˣ顣
˿˫Ŀգƺڸ֪ʲô
Ƭ֮۾Ǹֳһ˿Ц
ܺãϣһȫɢˣʱ䣡һɫ𣬽ţͬڻһ㣬һŻû˵¡
ɫǱаһӴĵ¿ռ両ֶ
¶Ѩ֮УһʯѶ£ƺͨĵط
ɫȥ¶Ρ
ƺԴΪϤ˵ʯ·ɳ۶ȥ
ܿ죬ǰһɴСľ޴ʯţһȦȦµķģֳһƬƬĺɫâ
һٴλһŻɫֱӴʯű͸˽ȥ
źһʯңʯλãһֱɴСɫ󣬷룬һɴСͨʻҰɫͿܡ
ƺɴ˴īƳɵġ
һŻɫʵٴλΡ
ǰĿܣ¶һ˿ȡ
漴˿ɫܿƽ첽ߵͿڵķǰվ
ڴʱϺ¶һ˿漴һҧкһȻһͷ­СͨѪɫ;ʯ
ȻֻǰƷСһЩĻӦòʲô⣬ȵЩʶôĶɱٺúüӦҲģ
еľʯһȻҰο䣬һ˿âһţпʼд
ŵͳеѪɫ;ʯֳһ⣬Ư
Сĵһ;ʯɵοܵؿڴһʯûУ棬͸һĺ㡣
Щƺ˿ɫȴøʮָһְ仯ϵĴһ
ؿڵĺ⻺ȥԭ޹˫ĿУȴһľԵ⡣
ˣ¶˿ϲɫ

īеһСĻǰȥʶϸ̽ΧĻϣҵһµĺۼ
ͻȻһϸŵľľ
ɫһ䣬Ȼһģ
һ
һֻɫƻȻ͸Ĳһ̣ӰȻɢȴһӰ
ӰһӰ֮⡣
ֻ֮ǰվ֮ĸһīʯϣϢĸֳİ壬۾һ˿ȣ漴һԶȥ
һУԶݶȥ
ߣ
һЦϺţзӿһ֮£˲˷ԲʮɷΧ
ڤ
ǰһڣ˲һɫռ䡣
ٺ٣һ𣿡
û¶پ֮ɫĿ⳯Χȥе˵
ӰһӰȻǰ档
ξûлûԽڤ֮С
ȻֻǷͨûм٣סҵģ˵
ԣȴ俴黯Ȼһģһźð˳˼ϡ
ɢȥ¶һСɫЫӡ
ȻҪס㣬ǡҪֱӻɱ΢΢𣬵ɱַһڣ˹ȥкڹһɫն
һ浤ڵʿôĿɫһһ̧֣ҹһѾһεĺɫ䵶
ֱһһʮɴСڵâƿն
ߵڵâȻײɫâ΢΢һ٣׽飬նȥ
һ˿ֱһӣնâҵ·Ϥ
üͷһһ£Ӱ˲ʧ٣ɫâ׷ն˸գ˺ɫռ֮Уʧ١
ұƴЦΣ΢΢һ漴һЦȻתһֱ͵һն
кɫ䵶һҰްðһɺ
һ޺𣬵֮зɳһֻɴСİ׹Ǿ޻ȫǰɭɭͷкâ˸˶
ǻ˵ķӰһֳӰ
𣡡ǻһ޴ĹצͷȻץ¡
һ˿ȣĿһۣһֱ̧֮Ϻһ
ǻ޴ͺȻͣסˣһֻ޳ץס˹ǻһֻǰצƾҲ޼¡
ɫĮ޳ָϺڹһǻǰצ·ĭһѿΪһƬǷۡ
漴һӣһɫȭӰ˹ǻͷ­֮ϡ
ǻһӴȻѿ
Ͼɫһ
ͷǻȻһ㣬ȴɱһͷ浤͹ޣɫ䵶֮Уٻսڱ壬Ǵ˿̾Ȼױǰ֮˻顣
Ŀһǰĸߴ׳ɫһ䡣
ף
ոջͷǸɫЫӣȻѾӰ١
ڴ˿̣һɫĺڰ֮к׵ļۿҪ֮ϡ
һһӣһ˽֮ǰ
һ̣޷ŵһĻˣ
ͣ
һ죬ֱһɨ֮£·ѩһ㣬˲ɢɫٶȲĺȻ塣
ϸֳ˾ֵɫͻȻֵĽ·һ㣬ԭ黯ۿɼٶѸ
ΪѹֶεĻ֮Դ˽ȫЧ


1095 
Ϊ峤ֻһ߷ҲǲͬѰ壬һڱһɺǿ⵲סһ˲һΣηɶݶ˽֡
ۣ
ʮ⣬ɫ԰ֽȻ䶨һʱȴֽɫӰ
ã
δ䷴Ӧɫâ˷ɿļһ֮£㶴ؿڣСҪ֮
һŤڸոǿķٴαɫâɢ
Ӱһ֮ǰָһţɫâзγһ׵档
⡭ʲô׵ͨ㵽ʲôˣ֣׵֮ͻһɫ绡˺
ɫĬȻûʻؿڸֳһ׾Ľɫӡӡõӡ
ļ׵֮ȫ˴ĿĽɫ̺˼־׵ơ
ţ֮мһֱ۴ϸĽɫâ֮С
׵֮дһĲҽУɫâ֮УȻΪһ̣
īص֮УϥڵϣдʣһһеûǰԶĻҰɫο֮С
Ұɫ˫ĿԽԽҲ𽥸ֳһķģܸеһӴϢѡ
ڴ˿̣һ𣬻Ȼ̧ͷ
Ȼô㱻ɵһǱǸ浤ɱȵȣɫ׵磿ӵķЩ졭ߣʱˣ
һֳ˼֮С

īĳɱ󣬽ڤЫ΢һγŸ߿շɶݶȥ
īֶʶŵոǸǱҲûܲƬīִľˣäĿѰȥҲսһ
ãһ·⴦ī֣ĿĿ²ǽ˴ǰ򵥣ȻԼʵΪţȺͱ׵˻ĺá
ţɵ˰֮У»һۣ㳯һɳ۶ȥ
īһطһһâڰвϵļײһȦȦεķԶԶ˳ȥ
ڴ˼սģǱ꽣壬һ
֮ǰȻˣ֪ʹǷʲôƷ˵ҩ˿̿ȥѾָԪɫɽݺɳۣ磬һƬܲ͸ɫѹס
ֳһƵĺɫǹΪһɫסȫǿס˱ƣȻ·磬һʱ֮䣬Ҳܡ
ڴʱһɫɽ϶ΪһΪһ޴󿳵һɫȻȥ
ƺ֪вǿн£һ֮£Ҫȥ
ڴ˿̣ͻȻһž֪ʱͷһɫ档
һͣɫ⺷Ȼն£һΪ
նȻδصһΪһŻԶһƬܼīʯӴܶȥ
һһͷĳݾǰҰɫʯмһ֣˻֮ǰſһһײ˻֮ϡ
Ȼɢײײķ˳зһҽС
˫һչƬĻɢԲʮɷΧʱΪһƬ𺣣ְ档
ಡһ
֮ɳһȦһĽ档ͬʱ֮аɫٴֶ£ʱá
ڴ˿̣ɫɽն£һƬɫ⽫û棬ҽ֮洫ܿ컯Ϊޡ
Ƭ֮󣬴Ƭ𺣵ɢԶӰȻߺ͵üӡ
ʯ֣֣лλҪɱ»ҪѲٹˡһ֣ɫɽز󱳣ֶ߶˵
ҪͬĺΪ£αл˹žһЦ
ţ˲ȥһĻһųԲ飬ͬһɫͬʱأ˵ü˵С
û˵ֻǶű˵ͷɫĽĿͶܡ
ʯ֣ҵȽҪô죿꿴ߣʵ
üԣҲĿ˻ת׿ߡ
֮Ϊߣ͵üΪס
ī֮ԵЩ죬¿ƾĿεҪҳǲܵġ˵Ǻ˻˵΢һ˵
͵üӶûʲô漴һ£㻯Ϊݹڰһ󣬳ʱķɳ۶ȥ

ǧ֮һƬҰɫʯУɫϸ˿ݺύĲƽɰǧɫ֩һһ㣬ⷽԲʮɷΧڻΪһƬε˿
ɫϸ˿ϸֳ˿˿Ƶɫ棬мסһķ
˿Ѿʩչ֮壬ΪһƬɫ˿ͻɫϸ˿ԾһĲ˻ɫ֮ϣνס
˿Ͽգ׸նɫ£˫Ŀ̹תһϵûǰɫС֮С
һ
̹ţһɫһ·׹ȥ͸˿ֱ֮ϡ
֮
Ĳҽ֮ԽԽСܿ㻯Ϊ˻ҷɡ
׼ˣ˿ϸֳһ˿԰ס
ī޴ڵĸ֮ʹʩչһϵеķѵķƽʱࡣ
ȡһöҩ£ɫźÿһЩִһ˿Ϊ̹⣬һķɻɫС֮С
ģüͷһ壬תԶա
ಡһ
һɫݹԶ۶¶һӰȻ
ԭ֣
ɫһɣ¶һ˿Цݣ˵ͷ
ԶԶĸӦжϹһû뵽Ǳ֣սѾˡĿ⿴ܽɢȥĻɫ˵ͷ
ֻһ߷ѣѿҵıڣ׵һЦʵ
īֶʶ̫Ծһ񡣡ҡͷ̾
üͷһ塣
׵ѣ齫˴ī֣²ǽΪӶô򵥣ҵȼͷ¿²ףҲδ֪ġһúһ˵
¶˳֮ɫκͷ֮˾ۼΪ
˵꣬һ̧֣һ׳ɫһ֮£㵽ǧ֮ߣ漴ΪһƬĿ֮ĺâΧɢҾò˥һյ蹤Żɢȥ


1096 
ͱڰգܿ죬ݹԶ۶һ¶Ӱ
ȴǰͻ塣
׵ѣˣ߶ű״˸кԱߵƺûƼһ㡣
ҲΪ⣬ƽ糣
ƳһۣûɫеһȴЦʵλѣз鱾
ˣǷƻޱȣ֮£ʧӰ͵һͷ֮ʱֺȻԶ֡׷׷֮ͣͣʱ֣߳һ·ͬˡˣֽҵȾۼӦָʾɣ̾˿˵
ּ鱾ƺûԶ˼˵Ļ˴ʲôˣʶҺֺϼ֮£Ϊ滹һͬжĺá׻˵
ͻԣһۣûзԵĵ˵ͷ
ֵȴƬ̣ܿ죬ߵҲۼ˹
˶ڱ׵Ľ飬ͬͬ
֣аҵȸж߿ʵ
˿̶Ȼī֮Уλʲô΢һ󣬷ʵ
һʱĬ
һ·۲ī֮жʶڤĸţԽԽǿҵȸɴǰ˵һ̽һ˵
Ҳ޵һԡԣ˼ͬ
ߵ˼ԣͷ
屾뿪˵ЩʲôҲûҲûٶ˵ʲô
ȻڳĶûкһһˣ׼򣬿ʼīɶݶȥ
ͬʱī£ϥ˵ϣ۾
ǰοܿѾȫѣ˫Ŀɫ䣬Ұɫϸֳģ·ϴһɫսһ㡣
ܵ壬֪Ϊαȱⰵ࣬Щ졣
Ŀڿⰵ֮¶һ˿ź֮ɫ漴ֱŨŨϲɫڸǡ
߿Ǻܾ޴Ŀܣɢѹֲ֮·嫺ɲ⡣
ãܺãȻȫ߿ܣҲܷӳ߰˳ɵʵʿҲڱĳô꣬ðյĵȡˡ黶ϲ֮
˿ɫƽüͷһ壬ȻɵĸЩһﶼī֮Уף֮ˣʡһ򣡡
ϸֳЦݣһŤģһƻɫƮܶͷ봦Ӱ
֮οܻȻվӣʯųȥ
ƬīȻСԱһ˵Ķݹ⣬㹤򣬱ɵīֵĵش
˿˷׷վ˰գ׷׷ųʶ̽
īʯֱΧߴ࣬а֮ߣ˴˴˶Ӧ˸ǿҵĸ֮
ף
ͻȻһһһ߷ȥ
׵˼ˣæ˹ȥ
ɳһƬʮɴСĿյسǰΧߴīԵ쳣ۡ
֮⣬յ뻹һС⻪ƽĻҰɫīʯƽ̨
ǰΣɫ΢΢һ䡣
ƺȻɵġ嵭˵
֣ſǷʲôĿּϸһ飬ûзʲôת׿ʵ
ҪſڣΧĵζһ£ϵīҲ͵һһ졣
ôˣڳ֮ɫʱһ䡣
۾΢Уʶŵȥո͵һʮɣһνƣ޷ǰһ
ڴ˿̣־һζһ£ȸոշȴ࣬ϲϸһЩīʯ˶ѵ
Сģһƣʶ̽飬¸ʲôʣ׳˵
ԴӼƺ󣬾һֱϢˣЩ춯᲻Ĺڵ
ԣɫһ䡣
ֲ²⣬Ȼпܣ
һʱ䣬ڳɫ죬ߵЩͻĿɨѡ
粻ƺڿʲô
˵仯Уɫ˿δ䣬£ӵУȴǰ˷
ڴʱͻ
¡¡һ͵شӵ´һǿƥľȻӵӿ·ĵȻ
·ɽ緢һ㣬˷ȥΧﷶΧڵīʯҲ𣬴ѿ
ɫ˲䣬汬ѵĵط·
ڳ֮˶ͨʿ䷢˲䣬Ϸ׷˸ɫâ˷һɢ
ɢīȻ޴󣬲Ǳн䱸˷ҲɾƳʮ⡣
δվ壬һ޴ɫӰӵ·
һǵصѹ˲ɢϤС
ɫȻ䣬Ӵѹ·һɽѹϣתΪˣӰֱȥ
¡һ죬һɸߵοܣصǰ
󼶵Ŀܡ
Ϻӿ棬ǰֵĿܣĿһ֮иֳһɫĹâ
׵˴˿ȻҲǰɢӴѹĴڣһͷ޴Ϳܣɫ䡣
Сʮ׷Ҷأղǻԣο֮дĿЦ֮
ԣɫ˲ࡣ
ڴ˿̣ݹ𣬳ŲͬȥȻˡ
˼ʶ˵Ĳֻʶӣתۼ㵽˰֮⡣
ߣߣģ˭ҲӵͿ֮УЦһ
ţͿ̧һֱֻۣһ
һģĺӰ׷ȥ
Ӱٶȼ죬գۼ㵽
һ̣ҽмͬʱ
СͷСĿնǵгΡ
ͨһ죬˵ʬԶīУôˡ
Ͷ֮䣬㽫浤ֱնɱ
ͫһҲֻԼӰƺһ֮Ȼ֮ǿ˲䶴˵ķ
׼ˣʧɫһߵİͻ壬ҲɫһƬ
ڿܣҾڤ缫Ȱɻ֮󾳺ڵĿܸǴû˵ǴӺδһָ򶨣˵
ͬʱȴ˱΢Ĵɢӣҵûκλᣬֻĸܲȡһ
ͻҲ΢΢һȻҲյ˱׵Ĵ
ٺ٣ñε£˴˿̻һǱʱ䣬֮ˣȫҪһ䣬ţֱֱһţܼĺӰһˡ


1097 
ɫһ䣬Ѱмһɽʱ˲ǴʮɴСǰ
ءһ죬һɾ޴ɽϴݶ˴鱻ɡ
ƺߴ
һߵİ粿һ󶴣һֱҲֱնϡ
ǰֳһɫСܣ̹Ȼ˺ѳ˼Ѻۣôס˺ӰĹ
Ŷܹסʴ󣬵Ҳ򵥣֮΢ȣһ̣ͿܿһţһƬɫ
ͱɫȻһݣ͵ص
ͻˣ΢һЩʱɫû档
ҽд˲Ȼֹ
ɫÿ죬ɢҲ죬ԭվİͻѾʧ٣ͬеˮ黯Ϊһ㣬ûһ˿ۼ
׶ɫٴδ䣬ȶ˷Ӧɫܽһȣ޴Ѿ˹Ƭɫٴӿ׶˶档
Ӧ죬һʮɽ龡ֶһɫ֣ȫС
ɽһ󻩻ˮ죬Ƭĺɫˮ⸡ֶɫײһ
͵𣬺ɫˮ·ˮһһ㣬ɿɢ
ɽڤˮɣˮԱԴ֮ǿޱȣɽԴԴϵӿƬˮ⣬һʱ֮סɫ档
һߵıȴûôˡ
һҽдԴ۾ͬǰɫСܣȫû˹֮С
𣡡
۽΢һ鴤дһһƬɫˮʮɽпӿͬһ㷭ϣɫһ³ɢ
ͬʱһ̧֣ɫˮ֮жȻֳһɫâȴɽ飬һĻСɽӰݺײȥ
һı
涸Ȼըѿĥ̴С鼤ǵص£ʱҰɫû档
һѾΪһӰ󵹷ɶ
ʱͷϷһȰһСӰ
ɫ䣬ʶĵһҪ߶ɽ鹥Ŀһڿ˵òʱһ
ϻĿǰ
һ٣Щ޷ŵʧڡ
ǰȻֵĽСӰһֻŮͯǼͨܣϻĿۣ
鿴ҲûֻһԶʯѡ
ڴʱһը죡
һŴĿбе鶼˳ȥڳз׷ڲ
ţҰɫٴγ֣ţڴŭ
һһſڣһɫڼ
ɫһ䣬ɽֶɿһɫֵǰͬʱٴɳʮȥ
ߣ
߿е飬źХɫȴޱһֱһӣһƬɫϼһ֮£ɫʱڽɢ
ţһɫĴŮͯܿУһŵû˻Ұɫü֮С
ɫһɿɢ˫ĿҲһ
ô£㡭Ǻˣ
Ұɫڣʱ龪֮
СĿܣкâһϸָһץһģзɳһû˿ܵظ֮С
ҹһЩģȻһֻɵĴץסӲ˳
ǰǰֻ䷢ִ޷Ƿ֮ġɫ֮У֮޷ʩչ֣˳ױŵûɢæġ
δ䣬ɫ͵һº£ҽжδһ˲䱻һѪࡣ
һֽƲʬ˳ȥĿ˾ĻҰɫͿϣƺʲôźȻִһ⣬ɴСĿ档
֮УɿСΪһͷ­СĻҰɫԲ򣬷С
ЩһƮת´ۣǽСһɣڤ磿û뵽Щ겻Ϊǽ٣浤ڡ
ԣпЦһƾԼϢͷ滯壬λͨǰ޴Ρ
ǰɽһն󣬿߶˼ǽڷһԸԵ죬һҺɫһĨ󣬾ͻûԭģ
ʮǰһǿ׷ɱѶһռѷ죬˭֪ײ͵Գݺ̳鹪һ
ԭˣĸԵǲСڤȻѰʿ˵ʲôõط˵ȴǺôСġĿнһһЦ
ǰԣȷõһЩôǰҲǾīܼѲɺǰʲôϵʵ
µĲīǱڶǰ˽֮ʱһʱƵġֻʱһҪֻ˴룬̴Ҵҵĸϻ½֮ǰؽ˿ʱƬһ͹ﶼԸ⿿īֵ£һǴĳ⻷˿ܣһ棬Ǵ͸ϻٽ˿ɡֻϧһȥ֮󣬷飬ڴһֱûҪҲΪ˴ǿźڹԲ飬нһת󣬲Ų˵
߿īֵ˶ܹ꣬Ȼɲ⡣ող¡ԣɨһеԲ飬һ˵
ٺ٣Ϊֹ˷ֲô˿ܣĽơһ˼ʹҵܣҲᴥƣɶġ˵ոǸʲôˣܱܿƣ뵽ôԲʹҲм͡黺˵
һݣű㽫ͱһ׷Եɾ˵һ顣
һ壿û˵壬ҿõĴԲֻǸƷֻ˴˿СʵȻ˵ʵҲ򲻿ܽ´˿һҪȫˡƳһĵĻһ䡣
ǰƵĿܣ϶ʵֵܹġҲҿǰʱϵǲˡ˵ѾʮˣһֱѰһص½ķ޹ǰͨ󣬲֪뿪ʱܷһͬ죿л˼䣬Сʵ
ȻܹģȻܹص½ķλϻĿ㻹ܳЬϵҵɳԵʣ仹һŴѶԼ뿪
죿ҲǲУڤ½ԶԼһ˻֮ǿдһռͨȻҪٷҲǼ֮¡ҪһС鷳ˡռ֮ͨпռ䳱ϫ֮Ϊ޴ҹ⻤ס浤СʿҪķѵķҪʮϡǷһС飬ҲΪ˰׳ġԣɫһ


1098 תĺ
ԣſڣļϱһˮõı¶˿ɬЦݡ
ỳԵʵԣԶԷλͨܵݣ˵ֻԡ
˵ҵ˾ڤͬ˽Ŀռѷ죬˿ռ䳱ϫԻеġ
˼ת֮ʱȻƵ˵˵֮δɴ˿ܣһʱ䲻һǻȱһؼϡ˴˶ҽ֮ɣָտɴˡ
֪ǰҪֲϣԸЧȮ֮͡ԣĻ׶Է˼ʱһϲæڵ
һȦӣȻҪʲôˡ
ȱٵϣоתĺˣīܵĺ֮ãҲ䷢ܵĹؼڡ鿴һۣ¶һ˿ء
תĺˣüͷһ壬Ժвδйش˿Ϣ
㲻֪Ҳ󲿷ֵĸ߽Ҳֻ˵ȴδġתĺˣ֮ͨź֮̺Īܣһڲ֪꣬Ȼ˲ͨҲֻмУſӵšƺϵʣĵĽ͵
⡭Ŵԣɵۡ
˵赭дתĺԸڤʯԹ򵽵ġ
ԼʵȻͨ󾳹ϼУҪͨʲôȴܵġ
ߣ㼱ʲôû˵ҪȥЩжȡ֪ˮĽ֮һƬޱ߼ʵɽɽһ֮䡣Ӧûоתĺ˵ġͺһ˵
֮䣿
üëһתĻعŴǰǰĳ·˽ģ֮һЩš
ھڤ磬ǿΪ𣬶屾޷ܣ˾Ŵλòûʲô֮˵µǿߣͨսһ̶ŵġ
ÿһλҲǿߵսñսϾʧھڤҲΪˡ
һǰһսˣ᳷˵Ի֮䡱ĽУһ˷ΧУʤ߱ٽ˴׷ɱᴥŭͬܵ
Щ˵ǰ˵غһҲ뿪ЩأֱبºȻ
˵֮䣬ʵҲǾڤչޡ
֮󣬳´ڤ䱦⣬ȻҲоתĺԭˡ
һЩԸǰѳҲ£׷ǰһ֮ͬ䣬ڸ´ĽƣЩЯ弰ȴ
Щƴ裬ΪԽߣܵĽƷԽǿҡջ֮£ʱʱڼǿ壬Ĵҵ͵͵Ǳ֮䣬ȴн޳һЩǿߡ
ö֮ڽ֮صԽԽ٣˽ʱգ޼
һÿһ֮䷽ԲﷶΧڣȻһأһҿֺ
뵽ʱɿתѡ
ʱʮƽļ˵ҵõתĺˣҵʱԻ뿪ڤ磬һһЩôʵȥ֮䣬Ȼ⣬޷˵ĶĿ˵׷ɱԤϵĺ˲򲻵ѣǲһ˵ġ֮£浤Ϊȥ˴Ļȴʲôע⡣ڤǾȻӵпԼϢȴеʿЩרӦĽƣδЧġ齫ı仯У˵
֪ǰԴ¿ʲôûУһʵ
ģīĿһյڤ֮άʮ֮áֻҪڴ֮ǰתĺСҾֻˡԣ΢΢һЦ
ãȻǰ˵ˣӦ´ˣһڣתĺ˽ǰеġپһؿ֮ڻһҧĴӦ
Ȼ˵֮ʮΣգܱԼ汻ڤһӣҪǿĶˡ
ܺãûд㣬Ȼʶʱ֮ˡһܣؼʱ㽫ʹɱһС˿ֻʹһΣǡ⣬֮أ㻹ǶЩ׼֮ٽΪƺ϶ӦԺа׹һһƴСĿСˣ˦׸
ϲһУСУǰϸĴ
ֻСߣͨ崿ףΩΩФֻ֮С沿һƬհףûκ١
лǰͣһ󣬵鹰һ
סʮ󣬻ڴ˵˵ţ˫һһƬס壬šಡһǰʧˡ
һ˿ɶݶȥûпܴͨܵͨ⡣
ϸһеܣСĵ´һɫһ֮ȥ
Ƭ֮һϲɫվڰգкһЩȴڤɫһӾӣһŻɫԲһɫ
ЩʹõڤǷμ
﷨еĺöҲǲ٣˶ʮڤʯлһЩҩݿʯȵȣԼʮƷڤ
˵ЩòȥҲһʲС֮ơ
ϧͬϵĴ﷨ī֮ܵлΪ˻ҽĻϾԲֹЩ
źţֽЩ漴ûڴ˶ͣһĸ壬Ϊһɫ⳯Զ۶ȥ
֮ٴλģϢĻص˱ĳУһµסס¡
һգǱŲʲôҲûз˿
ȻӦȥȡתĺˣȻɵɵֱǰȥ֮䣬ǴռһЩصϡ
ˮΪĵطĪڱĳˣҲðջص
СǱպ󣬾ͿʼһЩ伮

ˮһСĳǳأĳѾԶλˮб߾ĳǳء
˿ֵ磬ǵһʯ·֮ϣһŻӣڻУĿⲻۼĴԵһЩ̡
С߹հƣͣһҿΪϾɵ¥ǰ
ͷϹһƾɵңѹֵĹ£ּ
۽¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ˽ȥ
¥п˲̨࣬һʮݵӣĲŪеģ
λ͹٣Ҫòͣµһְ˱ڤƣ⡣һۼ⣬˽ӭ˹


1099 
һ䣬Щòˡ
ֿƲĽסһãһССĻɫһţԼɫڤС֡
ԭλͣʧԶӭɡĿҲˣɫ¶ǰһϢ򣬾ƺѱ俴˸С
ƶŻ˲ۼЦһ£תźͥȥ
Ҳ໰˫֣ޱĸȥ
¥֮ͥԺһ䣬һͷǰͣ
͹٣ǰ淿ˡƶԻ˹һҲͣתȥ
˼ԶջĿ⣬ųʶ̽һΧĿ⿴ǰĿͷ

˿̾ī飬Ѿȥʱ䡣
䣬һһڸй֮ϣһֱջ΢
ȻǰһżȻĻ£˽⵽˾ڤһǳصĴڡ
˵ȴΪΣ鲼˾ڤĸ򣬴һкڰףϡŹֵƷϢ鱨ṩɱ
һ仰ֻҪ߰Ĵۣû飬Ϣ
û֪жǿֻǾݴ֮صĴ󲿷ĳλ⣬ҲԼϽڵĸֻ
֪ĴںȻϲޱȣҪӴͲμٰĶᣬҪõһС
һĻɫƣ۽΢΢鴤һ£Ϊ˵õǻ˲СĴۣȻЩۡ
ҡҡͷǰڷ¡
ɡ̴һԲϵ
֨ѽһƵľӦ̧뷿䡣
ǰģһ䲼÷ǳ򵥵ķ䣬ֻһźľӣӺһλüĿߣֻһ˿ѪɫҲޣЩ졣
һߣһĴĵ磬Ĺƺĳֽơ
ʶһɨϢȻ浤ڵΪ
¿ǲμӱζģĮʵ
ޱĽȡԷ
һֻݵֱ۽ӹƣĿɨɢİ׹⣬漴˵ͷƽ
û⣬ɡ̧׿һۣȡһƴСƣ΢һҡΣһ׹⼤˷ڵϡ
ת¶һԲͨһ˺Ȼһâ˸Ĵͷ
ͨζĻ᳡ˡ߼ƺЩԥӣ˵
һȡһߴϣߴ﷨зֵһڤиʶãÿϡ
֮һεֱӴͨվĴͷϡ
âһҡҷӰʱʧ
ֻǰһ⻪ɢ֮󣬾ͳһɴСɽ֮С
ӭ¹ˮ򶴺ᡣһŮ
һźڰɫ۵Ůӣվڴԡ
˵ͷĿͶܡ
Զ֮ʮƽ̨ÿһƽ̨϶һͷ΢΢˸Źâ
ÿһԱ߶һƣע˸ǳص֣Ա߻վһźڰɫ۵塣
³ǡ
ǡ
ˮǡ

Ŀһɨ֮£ȴԼ֪ļǳأȻС
ɫĮȻƽ̨ǰһͨȥ
ûãǰһһټĵ¹㳡ӳС
¹㳡ԲΣʮĶСԵʮֵĿǶ˴ɢͰ׹ʯͷ¿ռҫͨ͸
˿̵Ĺ㳡Уϡϡվ壬Ϊ֡
Щźڰɫ۵ĶԱ⣬˴󶼺һϴЧ߻ǶеɴòģһƬ
ʶһɨ΢΢һݣڳɢϢ浤ΪȻռһӡ
㳡һˣСһĸ¥ʽʱÿ¥ſڶһεҶ
ҶдӦǷֱṩϢｻǰɱȷġ
ǰֵһĻ龰ûиеԾ֯ƽṩķ⣬ÿһʱ仹һͬʢᣬֻÿεĵص㶼ͬѡ
ĵ˿ûע⣬ȻҲֵˣⲽǰȥ
ߵ㳡봦ʱȴв廹һЩª̯λʱ鿴
ˣһ
ʱ仹㣬ȥЩʿܷѰЩ֮
˵ⶴߵľѳ治ҽ׵һЩڤϡвϣֻҪκ˶ȥ·еֻԸĵȼ۽ס
һЩܵĳĳЩʧԵıĶпܳ
ڿĴ֮УĿѲ
߹һ̯λʱȻ۾һ
̯һλߵĴ󺺣ǰһżľϣĿƷĿģȴǽ䴦ŵһѪɫ״
ǰ֮ڣǰߴȴһųһɵĸϣС
¿ǿöů񣿴ǲˣʺƷڤϣҲܷһЩ󷨽ƴ˺ڤʯ򣬲ۡߵĴ󺺣ɿ˵
ů񣿡
ԣ˫ĿһС
ǰ֮˵Ҳû˵Ǿڤ缫Ϊһ񣬵ҲֵۣǷ½ֵܻҪһЩ
ЩһЩ֮̽شˮ֮䣬Χһ㼫ĳϫ
ֳϫΪԵһֵֽĴڣ֮ܵƵӰ죬ʿҪͻƹȥҲʮѡ
ܵõů񣬰տɾʹࡣ
һԷμıһڤʯȡůֻ׬Σ˵һͨɫĳС
µλ꽣ĳڤ
ٺ٣´࣬´ࡣǴߵĴĿе˫һɨһ·һæб˹ȥ
Ҳԣһָ˲ɵУһķɿȫ˻Ҫȼһ㡣
Ȼů񲻼٣һܲǰˡ
һϲ˫һڤʯ˹ȥҲͣһ㽫ȥ
˵˫ҲѾ˲ڴ˫ĸ꽣Ϳ׽Ȼóȡˡ
ֹһСȴûзʺԼĶԶļ¥һ˼󣬴󲽵ĳСһȥ
ߵĽĴϣȻд֡Ÿ󡱡


1100 
Уӭվһźڰ׳۵Ŀ󺺣˫ֱۣ´һۺ󣬱õһԣ˵м¥ȥߴˡ
ɬޱȡ
ԣſǰĿռУխľ¥ݣͨ㡣
Բ¥϶¥谵ޱȣʲôҲ֪ʩʲôƣʶҲƺơ
׼ѯ֮ʱৡһռ¥ݿڣȴͻȻʧӰˡ
ǺǣѲؾȣ΢ʩһЩƣҲϢɣЩ˻ƣȴԷ棬һϵĸߡ
ԭˡ
˴˻ɫĴ߼ۣͬʱɨһ鷿䡣
һɴСĳң˸⣬ˡ
ߴüһյɸߵͭŵƣһɫĵ棬𲻶ǰһŵͰ֮ϣʮöСһСɽһһ
ȿȣ֪ʲôͬϢͬļ۸񡣡߼˵ίĳѵ
֪£֪ˮ֮䣿ߵǰͣʵ
֮䣿Ѳֻһɣ綼˵ɣҲ̸¼ǮǸߴŵ̧һ£͸һ˿⡣
֪й֮һ鱨Ȼɫƽ
ٺ٣ϢѾЩͷûмʹˡ㵹ʶˣŸ⣬ط¶޷õ̫ϸϢʮڤʯǵȼ۵ڤߺٺһʮָɴ˵
ԣüͷ΢΢һų
˵һֱڴ֮飬ȴֻ֪֮ΧгϫĴڣмֵϢȴûеõ
Լʮѹ꣬Ҳ޷ټȥˡʮڤʯȻһʾ޿֪ܶһЩϣ֮İҲܶϼֵġ
мƶһһѸƷʵڤʯǰ
ѵҲǸˬ֮ˡǸĿڤʯһɨϲЦտ
ţ߶˼ʲôɿֱһתһö׹ɵ򸡿ն
״һУƽȵģڶͷʶһɨȥ
֮ϸָ֮֮˵֮ظպǺϣ֮ж֮ΧҲ漴¶һ˿ϲɫ
֮⣬ж֮ڲһЩͼյصֻЩȴЩ飬Ǽ¼ʮȫðսյضһŷ֮صġ
ǾǮ壬ͲˡһգԷǵ
ͣҲûִһɫϼĽڤʯһأһĳһ
ԭʧ¥ݣٴθֶ

Ÿ뿪ʱ¹㳡֮еԽԽ࣬Щ
Ȼ˴еҪĿģҲûٶȥ˵ϻмûнȥķҲòڤʯûҪעˡ
ڵɽȥɫһת
һŹߵʿ䲻ʮɾ룬ĶҲͣ˽Ų
£ںôãʲôҪ˵𣿡˵
벻Ҫᣬ²޶⣬ֻðһ֪ǷҪǰ֮䣿
Ϊ浤ڵӣһס˶壬ᣬ˵֮䡱ʱȴ˲䴫
ŶΪλ˵
ԣһݣæĿ⳯һɨƺûע⵽˿
ǺǣΧĳϫÿʮһڣˣոտѸ߼ۻȡů񣬺ȥŸòų󵨲²һ¡ԤϵӦòˡǺһЦ󣬼
˼ܣȷʵ㣡˹Ĵ£ĪҲ봳֮䣿ԣӹһ˿ɫɫĴȥ
Ҳ˼֮ˣҼȻĿͬȤһ֣֮ͬΣޱȣһȻһġ˻ص
һʱû˵ƺĿʲô
ˣҲûдߴ٣ԶԶվţĻ
˴˶ӣҵ뿪Ҹط̸ɡκ¶ĵ˵
Уû⣡һڴӦ
Ŀһۣת˴ɽŲһֱʮɵľ롣
첽ߵʱǴǰ΢΢⣬첽˴С
شŮҲ໰һ⻪һ
ڴʧһ˲Ҳ˽ȥ
⻪ɢȥص˽ȥʱľ¥Ժ֮УǸüĿ߲Ŀ͹һۣûж˵ʲôָһ㣬Ӧ
΢΢һЦ˳ȥȡϵߣһӣòΪ㣬üëֱһӢ֮С
ȥһĻüëһ
֪ΪΣŴˣһʶظо䲻˶ԷۣȷԼ治ʶԷҲɻȡԼߡ
һӺǵһ¥֮С
ֲһ֮ȻĿ塣
ˣ»ûҽܣδѯʣ΢΢һЦ˵
Ļص
ԭ֣֪ѶԸոµȤ˵һ䣬֮ΧĳϫȻÿʮһΣȻ溮ޱȣѼů壬ɹȹĻҲ󡣶ǡ֪һϫΪͨͻƵĻĳɵĳɹʡĿһ˵
ֶ֮˽డѵҲǴӶõϢЩˡ
ǵǣǰһżȻĻ£õ֮ĲֵͼرͨǺһЦ˵
ɫ΢΢һ䣬˸߼۴Ӷ鱨У󲿷ֶǽ֮ĸֽƣͼϢࡣԷϢĻȻǼ
ȻˣͬҲǲСҵѼȻҲȥ֮䣬ʵҲȥİɡĿһת˵
˵ĳΪǺܸߣ浤ڣ֮֮Щƿֻϲͨġ˵˴Ŀһۡ
ٺ٣ԭˡ˵ãҲûаͨյأ¿ɲյġԣٺٵĻصҲ֪ǷĻ
ȻǾ˵ˣºǾ̫ǻ棬Ǿ֮һǳء˺ɫһϲվ˵
Ȼûʲô
˾̷ֱ뿪ˡ


1101 ϫ
뿪˾¥ֱĳ֮С
ĵĲٳǳأдͷ˴ͨе壬ʱΪ˽ʡʱ䣬ǳڰȫǣѡͨͷأлҲСˡ
תһΪĳǳ֮Уᳵ·Ĵ˼ֵһ徻СԺ
סʱס
СԺһ֮Уϥһ֮ϣ¶˼ɫ
Ǹһ֮ϲ͸һɫʣ䵽кͼΪ֪ҪСĵġ
һ˼ȡһ׹ɵڶͷ֮ϣʶܿ̽С
ڶֻǴ²鿴һݣȻԼʱºÿϸоһϣٶһЩ׼
µʱ䣬Ҵһζ
һ峿ˮ̫֮⣬ݹ⳯Զռ۶ȥ
ݹ֮Լɼһ˺һ꣬ˡ
̫λˮԱ֮һƬãã޾ɽ˵еļ֮֮ڴˡ
һķк𽥱û谵֮гŵľڤŨŻâҲĸоһϢϮ
֮ѾԶǰıɽӦþܿϫˡɨһۣ˵
ԣ̧ͷĿԶǰԶԼɼһƬӺɫɽסСա
˫ۣſԽ΢΢˵ͷ
һͣеġɽǰҲᵽɽִĺ塣
ɽ۴ȫǹͺͺĺɫɽʯһ˿һĲľ޷Ѱ
ۿɼĺɫڤɽкХǺڤ֮лд̹ǵĺͨ˵²Ƭ̹ͻᱻɱ
Ȼ׼
˫һչ֮ʱֳһһɫֵĽԼУ֪Ӻδȡһɫֱۣϣһ˶ʱӳɢ
Χ磬һâתﻹûϫѾˣȵ֪Ǻֹ⾰ء
ѣ֮ǰ˵Ǵͨںδת׿һۣʵ
ԣ˵ȡһ򣬳ͷһ˫Ŀ
ߡƬ֮˫Ŀһкһ㳯ĳ򼲳۶ȥ
Ŀ΢һ߶ݹĸȥ
ԽɽɳۣзԽԽһɽ˳ϫò
ֻǰ֮УӵصĺɫһɫкֱײĺХûйɿѭ
ԶԶȥͷ·һƬ޴ɫɳ㣬ǰ
ԭʹ̹ǵϢͽʮֹ֮ͣҲľ֮ˡ
ԭǳϫ
Ҫ֪ǰ⺮ĹģǴڼڵģδ룬д˸о֪ʱͨл֮Сˡ
һˣת׿һ
˿̣Ͻɫɢ˴ĿĽɫâɫû쳣һĳĳȥ
ˣͬһڷעУͬһڹĽȥ
һӺһεɽ֮ǰ
ͼϵıʶͨӦþǴ˴ˡĿһ˵
ȥɽɣ֪ͨδһƬɽڵԵʣĳϫ籩Ȼȱĵطϡ˲١
ȻûǾ߰ɡ˵һ䡣
΢΢һЦ˵ͷ
˵߶ݹ⣬ɽȿڣţ㲢ɽȿȥ
˿ʢͬʱһɫĻ棬ȴһɫ塣
ʱѽǿůƳһƷıٺ壬ʹԭıܺЧ˱
һ˿˿ůӺɫĻ͸̽Χĺ˳ȥһů
һԵ˼ͳϵĽɫ̸ֳһݺ߲ĽɫƣɢĽɽ֮мܶĺ塣
Σһ˿âɫϵķƺ;Ĵ˽ڤвͬ巨ƸΪơ
ƺоĿ⣬׿˹¶һ˿ζЦݡ
ĿһЦЦ󣬱ͷת˹ȥ
˸׼׵ֶΣɽ֮еĺֱȱϡ٣ԳǰЩ֮⣬ǰٶȵƽ˶١
ԼĪСʱĹȿڣѾȫˣʱ˼ɽ֮УΧĺҲ

ǰһа֮ߵĺɫ쫷磬ͻȻǰһ֣Ѹޱȵķ˹
쫷תһŵӷһܵķɳʯͬϫһ֮£׷ױУ˲ʧ٣ʹ쫷ԽԽ֡
ǺϫУ㿪ɫһ䣬һѸޱȵĳһԵɽ˹ȥգв֪ʱһ߳һն
䡱һ
ɽϺȻһɫһ֮£һʮɴСİӡ
ӰһȻûС
ˣҲǻһӰͬɽ尼֮С
ͬʱĹǰɽͨ˺ѹѹ쫷⣬κζڡ
ɫ쫷Ŵ̶ƿХܿʧԶ
û뵽ɽ֮ҲкϫСˣδɽ尼һζµ˵
ݼأϫǳϫܼ֮żֵһִΧ죬һԲУͨ浤ʿֱɢҲˣ޷ձеġ
ַӦʱоաǼ·ɡÿɷĻһ䣬Ŀһгŵķɽ֮ϣ¶һ˿˼֮ɫ
˲䣬սеĽ裬һ¡
·̣ǱȽ˳ݵͼʶھ˴·ʱɽԽԽҲ֮
һξ룬ƾ汾Ӳȥˣǰٹǳϫľͷ֮Χˡһߴ߶עɫУһ߿˵
û⣬Ȼˣһղðģ˫Ŀһһ󷭹Ļһڹ⣬ǰٷȥ
ٺһЦͬһǰ۶ȥٶȾ϶١

һƬ˴ʯ£ʯ֮ϰɶߵӲݴһƬһĻĲݵأһƬĻ߾
ԶȥһƬͰ֮꣬СޱȣͨһƬŹֵѪɫɭ֣޷ɭ
ʱһŲʯġɳɳ˳ʯԶһǰһĳǰ귽š
˾һŬ֮ͨĳϫͨһ«״Ͽȣ˴˵ء
ݵͼʾ˴Լ£֮Χ򣬾֮֮ңˡ


1102 ѪҶ֡
ܹ֮Χжദ¾ݳͨһ·ʶ˱ѡ˴˵֮䡣
ˣ˷һ̤Ƭʯµʱһڷйʧһ֮£˾ʹ֮м׹¡
һʶ澫˲ö˫Ŀָ糣Ľʯ֮С
ʱҲͬˣ䲻֪ʲôֶΣڿһ֮ٶȻһƮһ֮ϡ
˴Ȼ˽սƣһʣ·̣Ҫϸˡһ߲ʯ·ǰţͬʱ˵
˵ˣǰвٷ˼ĽƴڣҿҪ׼ˡ˵ͷ˵
ʱһһҵһ˲佫˰С
ʯ·һſŵĵһ㣬žžĴڶϡ
ֻϸһʹæڵķɫһӿԼסǵصʯǰ
һ̣ȴȻ֣Լ˿ܶõķ۷ʱĶˣвɿЦһ
֮Χܵ˴ĽӰ죬Ϊʲôô޻ˡ
һߵһ֮Уɫͣžžı֮ڶ
ΪǿԵʱǱƵģÿһʯ֮ϣһγصĴ
һֲ̼һɫ֮һȻϿһ±ĺɫĻ¡
ʯһĻ㷢һը죬Ϊ촷۵Ʈɢ
һĹɢȥ¶Ρ
ɫƽϵĻѾò
ڴڵĴɫҲЩ԰ףһЩ͸֧ӡ
ѣû°ɡˣüͷһ塣
޷˵һȱ̶ֳȵĹǱϤУ˿ǲС˵ǿǳµϡԽ֮䣬ҲԽֻǶСˡһĿ˸µ˵
ǰԵɺ֮£ȷȥֵһ뻯ĳ۽ˡ˼󣬺Ȼһת˵
㽣ʲô˵ز˾ǻץ·ɡ˸˵һУһɫһ˫֮һƣһ˫īɫѥͬʱóһźɵĵҩ̷¡
Ƭ̺ԭЩ԰׵ɫͻָˡ
ϵĻҳǰȥ
ѥӳ֮£ŵһ㣬ٶȻӿ˼֣ʩչҲǿ첽ɣͷ
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ڴԽһƬͰ֮ǰƬïܵѪɫǰ
֮нȻͬƬ֮ɢһ֮һεضĲµŲţԵþ쳣
ЩɳʻҺɫкɫѵ̾ţ֦֦죬֦֮һƬƬѪİƴСҶĴӵһ
̧ͷȥһƬѪ죬ա
ǡѪҶ֡ˣ˵ÿһתУ˳߳Ƭ֣Ҳδӡ֤֪Ǽ١Щص˵
鱨֮ˣҲǴӴлųģΪȷȫ̽һ˵˼˵
˵ҲеСһЩǺõġ
˵ͷһĲһɫһһֻɫëĳԳ
˺ԭرĴ֮󣬾һĳ֮С
˰ӵĹ򣬾һ֮Ӵ˱޶
·Ӧûдֻƺ޴ڡͨԳ˵лڣڴ˴ʵΪҲѹƣٶ쳣浤֣Ҳ׵ı̾һ˵
µҲûת·ˣֻΣաᶨ˵
Ȼ޾˴ޣĳȻ㵽סƺҲ¶˾ģ߽Ѫɫ֮С
ҲһƮĸȥ
˲ְ̤ɵľ룬¶轵һϢ·ҪƬնΧһ㣬֮
ֱϢСĸǴ
Ͷڶս֮ʱȻ̹ǵһ󺮷һһӰһ
׼һξıܿƺҲԤһ㣬˫һŵؾ͵
ڡ
ҹһ󣬻Ӱ֮¶һֻͨ峤ɫëǡ
Լ֮ߣΧ˿˿ƵĻɫһɫƾŲţֻצŷޱȵľ⣬ϢȻѾﵽ浤ڵӡ
ֽ֣ûҪս
ˣԥ˵һһ⼤ھ֮һ𣬻Ƭĺ⽫
ǷȡŽɫԲ飬һȥ
䡱һ죬һŽɫ׵
ֵ֮һǿҵһƬƬѪɫҶǿҵĳ֮»˵⡣
һʱ䣬Ѫ·һѪһƮ
˲δ˼˾ǵѪڣͷҲصĳһڷɱȥ
ʱƾһЩԵķÿ޵Ĺ;ܿͣļǰС
֪鱨̫ӴƬַ·ûоͷһ㣬һ߱һһҹ֮ã׼ֵҲЩгԲˡ
ڼһֻ浤ڵѪƾܲڶ
˾ޱȣΪѹƵ£ǿԼǿըĹ쳣ѵĽɱ
˺ЩҲսʹڤס󣬱֮زز
µʱ󣬶ƬѪɫɭֵľͷ֮ľȴǸ˲Ŀ
ֺ󷽾ȻһƬĻԭδ룬һȵϢƬѪɫγĶԱȡ
̧ͷȥƬ֮һƬĿҫһϿ
˫һУǿ壬кȻʮֽɫ߸ңһԶȴԭܿտޱȣһ۸ͷ
󣡡ѿڶ˵ɫݡ
ԣɫһ
δ˵󣬵ƾ⡰֣ö˵Ҳᵽеĺˡ
ֻ˽֮УһȵϢƤ֮ϱ˿ķ죬һƺɫɢȥ
Ȼǿ󣬾Ȼֵܵڽ֮⡣ˣЩˡ


1103 
һԣԵĹâǱ֮ġ
ʶΪĽƴ󣬶ĿȻ֪ˡ
ѹƺǳĳԾ
лֳѣȻͬСɣֻһʵƤˡ˸˵ͬʱֱһնأֱԼ˵Ƥһƹ󣬾ۿɼٶȿֺ
˵ز˾뾡ͨƬĵأʮɢĽϿ϶Ѻ󣬴֮ͳһɵԲ飬һ
ۡһ죡
ԲһһСıɫӰȻҡͷβĸֶӿƬˮһ½С
΢΢һŤӰϷˮһ㣬˫һ󣬡ಡһһӰǰһ
ĽɫˮӰϣһвˮ֮£Ҳάһƽ״̬
ˣҲһϵȥתۼһīĺ֣ȫɽ°ĵˮ©
˫һŵأһӰһĸ˱ɫӰȥ
һĮֻȻһƣ°ĺϵķĻڿ䲻ϴ߶ڷע£һʱҲ
һǰһݳʮľ󣬶ȻһϮ߿нҫƬƬĽɫϼͷʮֽɫǵصϯ
ͬʱʮֽɫĿʼƶγһΣת
ֻ֮б屻ɫϼܲ͸İϵĺɫɢٶȻ
ǰȴƺΪ
ڽɫϼ£ˮٶȴַ֮УɫӰȭͷСĿ׶ҲһһĸֶӰҲԽԽСɫЩѿ
⣬û뵽Ⲽ֮˵ֶξ֮Խ⼫󷢻ӵ̶ֳȡˣֻ취뿪ˣ
һ˫֮ͫоһʢһתӰȻֱʵ˼֡
һһ˸󣬾ǿŽټ
ˣȡһŻָĵҩһ̶ºһʢٴӰһģǰһ
⼫ĽȻɼ˺Ƕǿ浤ʿȴ޷˻ڷ⣬ҲֻܶһЩ˶ˡ
Щ΢ʹ˵ǲΪ塣
Ȼ⼫ԶԶֹˣĮʱͷĽɫȻ
ÿһŽΧһĽɫ˵𣬽֮Ȼһ⻯Ʈ
ʮֽתۼ仯ʮŰɴСĻţڿзɿת
໡֮ɫŷ׷ըѿһֻֻʮɴСĽɫ񣬴һ˫׷չѡ
ãǽӰߣ̧׷ɿ쿴һۣɫһ䣬æ󺰵
䣬һХһŽӰһ£ȴһֻɫһҧɫı֮
ɫϵĻһ𣬶ʱֻɫӰûС
ۡһ죡
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в֪ʱѸԶһɫС죬һ֮£ˮĻסƿǰȥ
ӽɫɱӰһ飬ٶ֮Щľ
ͬһʱ䣬֮һĵӰ˲ͷΧм䡣
һ̣ͷɫһţȵĻӿһԲλǽ˷ˮӿ
֮֮һŤΣ󣬾ĵϵĴƬӲݣҲ˲仯Ϊҽһĺɫ档
ˣȴһȻһΧĺɫһգһȣǽڷžž󣬻ֱҲȻ׳˼֣ͱ˰࣬Լһڼϸֶ
һĻ泯мһ󣬾ȼ˲䱻ɫĻһͨɫĻˡ
֮еֻȺʹЩѣϣֻƤ޷û̫˺
һ˻Ļ棬һ󣬼һǰ۶ȥ
ͬʱǰȴٴαͷɫΧɫˮڽɫзɿɢۿҪ֧ʱȴзѿȡһźɫƤзһתƤ֮˸ͣ
ֻͷһͣƤһģʱʮӰһźһɫƾսΧ
ǡļɫɢһֺֻľӰ¶֫С˶һɫƤë˫Ŀ羧
󣿡һԵˣжʱ΢΢һ
ڻȵҽһĺޣΪߣƤҲһ㣬Ի֮Ŀȴߵľˡ
ؼǴ޲ǾڤҲ֪ӺεƤë
仯ĴԭСɫƤë쳣ֲڣһԼצޱȣԵñ׾ޱȡ
ĿһУ޷ǻûɵġ
һ֣Ͷ˵ֱ˻Įĵص£һСǰɿǰ
ֻɫȻݣ˫һ񣬾һƬƬ⳯Сȥֱֱû£ٶȲٻࡣ
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ǿжԿԵñ׾ޱȡ
ڶ˴ʱѾԽ˴ĻĵأԼһյĹ󣬶˳뿪˼ֵķΧ
ʮֻɫǳ˻ĵغҲû׷ǷеĻûʮֽɫ¹һ˻ĵϿա
ΣŴӵ֮˳ɫĹϼһ󣬻ָԼò
Ҳһһ󣬽ϵЩɫ泹ɢ
ȻĳʵЦЦĳ޵
ٺ٣ֻǻ֮ѣСܺȡǿᣬֵܵڽ֮֮ã֪ǺֹͨЦһһ䡣
ֻԵɺ£޵õһּǱڶʱǿʱһɲġ˷ܹ˳գҲ˼ˣ⼫ٶһʱᣬ¿¾ҪˡԣǵĻص


1104 ݷ
ǰһϿȣͼ϶дڵĽƲûмأֻˡûٶʲô˼еͼڶͷƬ̺ҡҡͷ
һԣҲһЦ
ӶõϢǰݷϿȻǰȫ֮еĽƣȷʵҲûʲôرע
ڵѾΧĸ֮У֮Ѳİ֮ңˣⲻò˵һϢ
ֻڷܵƵ£ӦЩǧٹֵؽƣʹʿǷҲЩгԲˡ
ԭضݵϢһָ˲ַ󣬾ͼǰȥ
ʱ˱һƬǰ֪ͷΡɽеϿ֮С
Ƿһ̤ϿȣŻ˽ŲһĴһ߻ǰС
Ŀһɨ֮ȴһݡ
Ͽʶ͵ɽϣбʲô֮ĥĺۼݺύҲ
Ȼδ俪˵Ȼǰʾͣ£ͬʱ˫ĿһգƺڸӦʲô
κ˫ۣת׶˵
֣˴ЩԾ鿴һ£֪ˡ
ԣһҲ˫Ŀϡ
һֻ̣ߴХŰķһ֮£ҲʶųҪͼѰԴ
ʶŷ̽ȥûԶ;Żһ䣬ʶһɹӲһƶء
һ˰벽סΣȴǷһ󳱺졣
֣˵ˣ˴ĽΪ죬ʶǿ̽顭ʩչһڤͨһЩԪиӦҲֻԼ鵽Ǳĳ磬Դͷȴö֪ˡɫЩء
Ȼƽͬ
Ҳֻ·϶ӷˡ˵
˵ͷ󣬶˾ͼ·ˡ
ϵǣ·Ͽ֮һƽûзκεΣټǿһЩɽ綼δ
ԽˣԽ쳣
ɽƺҲǺ޾ͷһǰ֪ʱǾͷ
ʱפ֮ɫ
ϿȵľͷѾ·ˣһͬʵľ޴ɽᵲڶǰ
Ǳؾ֮·ɣߴˣǰľɽʵ
˹ȾôһӦòдˡĪҪȥУɽȻߣڽս֮£ҪȥҲף硭°ͣ˼˵
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ӡ˷
ɽ֮ϣȻѷ졣
ţƿ֮һĻɫУѷĿǵء
Щпͨķд£ֻ̺һɼΪŨ֮мķУ֮Сȴ硣
תۼڵ֮УĻɫռݡ
Σɫһһȣīĺð䱳ɿʵ
һ֮
ʮɳĺɫԴɿһֱӭķС
ȻͬСɡ
ۡһ
һͷдĳɫһնڹһ󣬾ֱӽһնΪ
ЩСһЩķУȻû˴ܣҲǲСϢѽ༸ɫԸıˣҡҡ׹
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Ŀһ䣬зһ䣬·ԣ׷ױѿĺɫһƺ㽫֣ͬʱХֻ֮ʮɸߺɫ޻ӰһΧҷɿƶ
žžı
ֻɫǿеڵ˴󲿷ֵķУη̫࣬вٷдӼ϶֮һڡ
״һһḡֶڵͿһŲĶ
ͬʱһڴ߶һϮ󣬴ȡһɫëһģһ׹ʱȻһƬ˱ֽİɫëӰ

һŰСĺɫг伤ȥɫëӰȻ΢΢һ࣬һ˼ĽǶȣʹ÷в
ʱƬɫë֮ƮƮ۷ôܼÿÿоյĴԲ˿޷ë
ЩĹ۲˲䣬ķƵȻ
ֻñɫһɿ֮£һߴ߶Ӱһ߻һŲ
ԽԽ࣬ԽԽܣȻһ㡣
ٹ죬ҲòӲһЩСЩС
ǿЩмʹƿ令ҲһЩѪ۶ѣƬ̼Ѫ䶯лָˡ
״ɽ֮ˡ
Դ˽ƵĿֲһ浤ʿķУѱгˡ
ŷķɿţҲʼоЩԲˡ
øϿҵӦ֮ߣ뿪˴УͼûĻ·֮УͱȻһöͨĵطֻǶ˻ûüѰң㼤˽
һĶ֮һ˼ţһ߲ͣ۽ɿɨΧ
һ㹤ǰȻһ
ǰɴһʯڽ䣬һʮɾ޴ĺɫңɢɢķһţ뺣ֱûУκηӦˡ
ˣԥһŴʯȥ
ɫҲʮɾʱֱһ̧һɫ⼤һ֮£ҝ⸡ֶ
͡
нⶼûɸɫ˿ݺύ֯ĻΪһžǰһֶ¡
ɫ˿һ棬ھұһ£ͬķ׷ûС
ʱ̹֮ͽȴķһƷĺɫӰһģ·֮£֧
һߣһģ󣬻ĵӰԾǰȥ
ಡಡ
ӰգۼͬͷûããУƺ
ȴǽһû˺ɫ֮УӰ
ԽʯɲǣֻǰһڣĺХȻһͣһϢΧɫȻһ䡣
ٿǰ״֮ʱٲȻһƬ̲峺ĺϿա
æһ߷סΣųʶһɨ
һƬһЩ߰һСɽ𣬲ûҵǰеĵ·
ڴʱ֮вһһƬɫëӰƿնڿлƮ䡣
׹һ¶һŰ۵Ӱ
һܹ˳գҪ֣ȻܹããȺɽУҵ⴦۵ĳڡëһն𣬳˹ֵ˵
ðˣֵĳ۽硣ˣֿ֪ҵδ֮仹жԶҲ˶Էһ䣬һתʵ


1105 
·⴦õĵͼǴྶͥյͼϱעݷӦֱͨһƬزŶԡ
ΧԲһƬɽаӰӡ
ĪִʲôƲɣ
һԵԣһۺ󣬾˫Ŀһյٴڤ
κһ˫ۣɫȴޱȡ
֮ӦòԶˣֻǡ
δ䣬··˲ˣһݲϵðԭƽޱȵĺʱòӿһ˷Уһ˶ޱȵиֶ
峺ĺˮͻȻīΧҲȻȴ
⡭ڤ֮ˮ
ֻʶ·һɨʧڡ
һֻ̣һһȻпӿҪֱȥͬʱ˷ۡۡƿһȻӺгһˮ״ϸˮͬһһ㣬С
״ɫһ䣬һǰİ㺣ޣһХڿն
ڴʱȴĴ
֣֮֮ͨ·Ӧþĵײ
䣬ֻһתɫӰһֵĽУͨһ㻯һӰֱڶȥ
ȴһ粻Ŀº󣬻ηųһɫݹҲ³ȥ
顱顱죡
Ⱥ֮С
ܷӿľͬʱĴ£ʱˮĽҲһٷ
ֻΧĺˮɿתʱ·Զһһֻ޴ɫβӰһɨӲĽΧˮĴߣԼſһͨ
Ҳٳɣ˫һ𣬾ͻһ׷ɫȥ
һˮ·ϣһЩʱֵļм⣬ҲûʲôرΣա
˸ʩչˮ֮ͨ£һһȻȹ˺һƾɵĴͷС
һת󣬶˱㴫͵һѻɽ֮С

ʱһȹ˼ƣŴգЩǱǿһһ˹ȥ
Ȼͨܵ˼ƣȴóһЩϡŹֵĶ˶ȹѹأƺĳԤζǰһ̷棬Ǳܹա
Щ֣棬ȴʵԽ
ƺҲܵЩĿ⣬ȴֳһӡ
ʱһƬɵĿռУǰͨһɽƾɴͷġ
ܣһ
˵ؾԼеǴռмơ
Ҳ֪ΪΣռ֮УԭѹƵΪѾָҲӯ
Ѳ֮ˣЩɵ˵
һԵһܺȴҡҡͷĳ֪ӦûǣԤУ֮䣬Ҳһ֮ңˡ
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ˣæڳ˽䱸̬
һ·Ѿʶֹ֮ŹֵĽƣ֪ʲô
ɿռ䷺һȦȦĲƣҹһǰֳһ޴ޱȵľӣ˸ֳӰ񣬿ޱȣϵľɫҲֵı˳
ΧյļƽϢָܿƽƺûзʲôر顣
ӣʲôƣĿ⿴˿еԼת׿ΧȻ˵
ͬ⣬ʱ߾Ȼ޲TͳǻϹʮ֮һƾոƱ׽ɱұʤ뿪ұó㣬ὫĻ¸һ飬ͨ˺״Ӹ϶ҡ׻ܡһܣΪһܰڣҲᱻһɵҿǹһأ¾֮ܽˡ
лǰѡ
ϼ鴤һ£æʶлص
һ䣬ͨ󣬴ģɲ̫ࡣл֮£ǵŻ֮˵ɡ޲TһЦ󣬾Ҳûκλﴫˡ
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ֳһâһɫϡ
˻˻
ɫϣϷһʹǧ䶷ûһɢָԭò
ɫһ䣬ζһӰһʱӰ
αΣɫʼƹ֮һ㣬ϡ
ð׷ˣֻҪ㻹ɫռ֮УͲܶùȥġ޲Tĵ׸֡
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һԵˣ¶һ˿ɫȻûжݴ̫ĳԾ
ʱӰıģ漴ֳһ档
Ŀһɨ֮ʱһ
ǰ޾Уֳһɵľ޵ӰΧƣһһ֮ء
ԵͣҾ޴ֻڿ󴬵İߣڼɱ
һͽģ˴Ƥֳָ޹ļªһ˿ƺǹٱףװܶࡣ
սڼҵĽţʱƣͽһڶ࣬ѹ˹ٱ
ǡ׵һ䣬ڼҲɱȺ֮УһСֳһֶ̽ɾĻһһٱ
껹һ˿ʼһĮɫҵɱƺȫûӰ쵽顣
Ŀ˾֮ϣиֳһĪ
еĻɿı仯һĻĻԶĳĸ˳
׵ڣʦսϺܣ½̫š
еĻƺڵоһ飬ֳ״ħħһĻԽ̵ļ䣬еĻԽ
۽΢΢鶯˼£Ƴһһۡ
ӳճǰļоѾȫ¶֪ʲôӦ
й޲TݵһУûʾӦñ޲Tʩڱ˹ȥİ˲١
еĻɿ仯󶨸ڤһ̡
ˡ
ɵľٴһеĻ澡ɢ¸ֳһӰ
Ϻĸֳһ˿Ц⣬һȻӾ˳˾棬վǰ֮⡣
ɫһ䣬֮óţɢϢȻһģһûаֲء
ַܹ֪֮̽ΧʿһѶϢȻһͱʵһӰҪ֪սʤıԼˡ޲T漴ܿͳȥ
ԣŶġ˫ĿȻ


1106 ǰ
޲TԵĻǰӵкԼһ޶Ϊͨ
Ȼȥڻħͫвϵģÿһˣȴδ㣬վˡԼĶ棬Ҫ뾡һа취Լܡ
һԵԾֵһУ½ֵġʼնû¶˿֮ɫֻɫȻĿš
俴ĳʱüͷ΢΢һ¶˼˿˼֮ɫ
˲һԵɿת˼šԼܻᷢÿһֹԼӦӦԷͬڰֻҪǰġԼ춯ԥķȷˡ
ġȴһ˿֮⣬վڶ治ԶȴҲһ¡
߾ô
ڴ˿̣ɫһη˹âһɫϡ
üһȻǰһԼϣ۾⿴˹ȥ
ûǰͼҲû˿֮ɫֻǾվԭأɻҹסԼ
һ̣ǰĻɫϹϼһתҲֳһĻĻĻ棬Ȼƽ
ۿƬ̶̣ת׿¶ŵɫ
һžеĻ棬ɫȻ΢΢˸һ˿â
лֳģһһΡȺɽɫڵֲ͵Ⱥɽ֮Ʈƣдɽ֮ϣһ̨ͤ¥̨ɼ
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ݣмƣѾ֪ЧȻףǰȻҲһ塣
󾪵ǣһƬɽؿϤ֮·ɽڵĴɽ壬Ȼڳ̫֮ʱȥһεĴƷ塣
ǰһЩм׷֮ɫ񵭣·ڿһԼȫ޹֮һ㡣
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ȫעŴϣһֳָĺ׷ͯ˵ʲô
ͷϣһ˶Ҷ顰ӲԾĴ֡
߱ȴһɫ̵ĳι̨̨һյյͭСƣʮ߰յӣÿС϶һ㶹Сĵ棬ɫһ
ţһתһдеĴɫСɽԾȻǰ
пﻨ㣬һƬ񾲵Դ£˼ªĲ®ͼĶҩ⣬һƬ峺ĵɫ룬һ鲻ͣľ޴Ȫۣð峺Ȫˮ
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ġͬǰ˼ٴͣΣԼ
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ʱľ֮ϣȴһĻ쳣棬һƬɵĻ谵ռ䣬ƺĳɽ֮С
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ͻȻƿĴƬ˿ͻȻ˷ӿһֶ¡
ʵ£ͻ͵Ϯɫһ䣬ʶȻһʱһɫϼ⣬ҪӲ´˻

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Уɫâţԭ谵Ŀռ䱻ӳյͨ͸
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ڤǾĿתĶšĵһڤǾһۺ¶Ρ
ڡĶ棬ȴվһ߰ɸߴͷ˫ǵ޹һʮɳĺ޹ڵϣš˻š
ʦȻ֮ǰ˼ֲ²⣬һĻȴ̲סѿڶдһ˿
һԣһԴȻ֮ɫĿһۣٴνĿ˻ɫ棬û˵
ɫϵľڼһΣһɽ֮Уɫ԰ףЩȵٷɳţشһ㣬Ӧڱʲôǿ׷ɱš
ͨĳ֮ʱȻһͻȻֵĿռѷ˽ȥӰ
ӳһ޴󺣵֮ϣɫ䣬ȻĹƴ
еĻɿ䶯ʾˡƴϳ۳ҵһĻĻ龰ֻԣȴһͷ˫ǵ޹һ˫Ŀá
գںɨǿУѰطûҵؼ֮·εػصľ޵ĳɽ϶
úһСɣʼͽȻڣ
£ϣģҲԽԽһʢľ¡
һȥӽȥԪһգĻ棬Ȼǰһ̡
ջĿ⣬һ̶ת׿â˸


1107 ֮սϣ
ʱĻ
ǰƴ½ڴʦҲ̫ʧٶشھڤת֮
ֻת֮˵ԭ翵˵˿ڵĵطǾڤ磬Ǵеֻ֮أȻԾȴȫ޷š
δѯʸףǰĻɫһٴθֳһһĮȻĴӾ˳վǰԶ
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һУɫɫһ͵ðһ׺ĺɫħ棬žһαǣԭĳ۶ʱѿϰ¶⣬Ƥϸֳһĺɫħơ
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ǰĺɫȻڽϤħ˫ֺ˫Ŷ˳צϢڲϵĸǣתۼﵽ浤۷ĲΡ
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һ̣ԥĿдʣΧɫ˲䷭Сʮɣͬʱһɫâϼһ֮£ΪһƬܼĻɫӰǵصĳšħֶȥ
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ɫͷӰȻɢ޽ӰȻҲһȭ˳ȥ
ħõƬ̵ĴϢϵħɢָԭģͬʱһƬڹɢĻϢƽϢ
ˣһݣûм׷ǻִһеĻɫӰ׷ںһҲΪһɾ޽ͷա
ͬʱһģźзɳȴٻЫͷɶ
˿ףǰԼĸƷΪԼһս˿ѷɫԼȫԸսʤˡ
ЫͷɶһһĻս塣
ڷ­͹Ыֵ˲䣬ɫռľ޴ٴ˷Ӧһɫм˹Ыͷ­ϡ
ɫһ䡣
֮лҹţ֪ΪΣ沢δֳЫͷ­ǰľ
ҹһӰԶͷ裬ȻǹЫͷ­
ˣֻܰп಻
ٻͷ飬Լһ֮û뵽ȻҲᷢãʲôģûָˡ
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Ӱзһƺߣһӣͷĺɫ޽ӭȥ
Һ޽ײһ𣬱һ˵죬Ծ൱µľһ


1108 ֮ս£
һԵͷ裬촽΢Ĵ˼䡣
ЫһԾһ棬һһɫӰЫ˹ȥգβһģĻĹӰ
­ǷһЦֱˡ­ɫ˿ǰȥ
ͷ֮ʣԵͷҲͬʱͷȻײһ
һʱ䣬βӰײɫ˿֯ơ
ûġЫ͡­ȻͱʵһģһʽҲûһʱĲ£ֲʤ
ڴ˿̣Ыͷ­ͬ˵һ㣬֮ͬʱȻ棬Χϯ
ɫһ䣬ͷ輤սĵطȽϽԵʣһʱڵסˡ
δӦ֮лɫ޽͵һ˦޽֮ϹâȻʢһµɫ޽ľ޴ӰһģšȻ¡
һӣϻâһһŻɵɽ鼤˲Ǵʮͷ
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һ춯صľУɫ⾹ΪӨĻɫ˷ȥӨ֮Ҳһɫĺۼ
ˣæһ㣬һεĵͬʱٴλƹһĸֳĿŻɵԲ飬Ƭɫӿ档
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ȴû˿֮ɫһܣǷһ˿ЦһĻ֮йâʮɽ龡ֶתɳۣһƬƬɫϼϯ֧һɫԲռ䡣
ڴʱڤռɫһ󷭹ĺɫ֣šǵصĿӿȥ
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һУΧĺһҷţֻ߰Сͷǵĺɫһڷšȥ
һܵʮɽȻâţ΢΢һһȦȦɫĹⲨ𵴿
˹ĺɫСڴⲨ˲䣬һɢٴλɫҺıѶ
ȻδȡɣΧٴξҷһֻһֻĺɫ˳ǰ̵ĳ˹ȥ
ɫһ䣬һָǰʮɽһ㣬ʱԲɢһĿâһ֮£ȻΪʮʮɳɫ
ЩȻʵ壬ϸƬֻڻצ
ʮΧһ裬צһ˺ץΧϳֵкɫС˺顣
ÿһСֱɢһźһʱΧƲ
ڤռҲɽʮƺ̱Ҫռſ
ϲ¶һ˿
ڴ˿̣ڤռͻȻڹţΧĺȻһ󷭹һ֮£ȻֳʮֻʮɴСͷ˫ǣƬ
ͬɽʮڤӾ޹
ʮͷڤӾ޹ηһ֣ˡûʮͷȥ
û¶˿ȵɫһЦӶʮ˶һſڣһ׳ɫڤӾ޹ȥ
ڤӾ޹зŭоצһ±ǳâৼ£ͰѼɫץ֧顣
ô˻ᣬʮһ󷭾£׷ײڤӾ޹ϣצڤӾ޹ڡ
ڤӾ޹ǲʾϻצɫץâҲ
ߴС£ҶɽûɣʵȻǲ£
âһҪһһɫӰĸֶһֱΧ塣
һԥļͷһʱһֱ۴ִһȦݺһȭ
ƺոճֵʱ򣬱תͬʱһֱħţȻֳһħƣת˲仯ΪһֻƵħ֡
ħһģȻĻΪһӰĲؿڡ
ɫһ˿ûжܵ˼ӭħֳ˹ȥ֮һֳһɫףǰ㺣޼ס
ϸֳһ˿ɫ漴ɫһħ֮Ϻһָϳ˷צͱࡣ
ɫ׹âһħֺȻᴩؿڣɫ׵赲ԭȭͷȻһ䣬ħֱֺϣħָ΢΢һƫĶ
ƺһ˿ڴѪʱɫ˿䣬·𱻹ᴩĲһ㣬ûһһѱס˽ߵġűţ߰˵ɫ֣һκ󣬾ͽȫס
ɫ䣬Ҫ
һֻȴһ죬͵һɫ绡Ȼһƾףһ֮£ޱȵĳˡڡ
ڻ˲ħ˽뱻׻Уڵһԣתһ˿ͣ١
գ
򷢳һȣţʮͷڤӾ޹͵Ŀâһ˸ٴλΪɽģ
ʮɽһ֮£׷״ӻɫץһһģ֮£϶ΪһΪһɫ壬ȥ
ͬʱ˫Ȼһɣһȥ
Ȼ󾪵Ҫ֮ңɫ£һʱ޷Ų֡
һ춯صľ촫
޴Բʵʵˡϣ˲̣һ̣ױȻֳһѪۣٺȻΪ˴ƬѪĭıѶ
һ̣ѪĭڹţΪɫߵƮɢ
ʮͷɫֽҲ֮Ϊһɫꡣ
кɫ㣬ԽԽСɢΡ
Ļһɣִһϵɫջڣʮɽ鷨ҲΪһâɻС


1109 ŭħ֮Ŀ
һкͷһؿƿĴ󶴣ѪԾð˿ѾȾһƬ
ƿˣûж˺ֻʧ˲پѪѣѪѴɣڶڻ˴ľѪʱԲ䡣
һ߷ͨѪָ˲־Ѫַȡһöɫ˿֮ϡ
ؿڵĴ϶ʱֳһ㵭ĺ⣬ѿ䶯ܿ콫˿Ѫ
ɫЩ԰֮⣬Ѿûʲô󰭣ȡһµɫϣĿһת׿һ
ڤռһЫͷɶԵľͷ边Ȼûиʧ
΢һ˼֮£кܿһ˿Ȼ
ͷ辵Ҳɻֱӻû˽ɱ򲻻ʧ
һ֮£˹ȥ
Ы˿ȻǴɴСһԾ·һԾ޴һ㣬ϷĹͬʱβһ߼͵ƿ֮
һߵķɶ­壬ͷ̷ɾʱһ㼤иһɫ棬ܼ
͵Ĺǻͨͬ޿ͲˣǶֻ裬ȴͶӵȫһĹֶΡ
ʶܷɶЫѾ˼չһһҵĹƣȴȻöԷûа취
ˣյһӣһɫâмһģ֮£ˡЫ񡱵Ͽա
âһΪһɫ߲Ƶʮɾ޴ɫâ͵һն¡
Ыƺʶһ˿ʱһ˻βܼߵһߵֵЫĹͬʱֻŵһͼֵâ
ɫâһģ֮£һֳ̾˹Ы·
Ϲһ
Ы⧲֮£巢ꡱһϱɫӲն룬ɫѪʱ˿ڴӵ
Ы˴ϲ˫Ŀһſڷһɺס˾Ыʬ壬ſȥһţһԴ죬ȥ
״һ˿Ȼתһ֮£Ҳû˵ʲôת׿һߡ
ġ­ƺ˲зһ˻󣬾Ȼһģıͯģ
һһ£˾Ÿһ޶ͯӣɶΧסһɫ棬ͷ̷Ҳ綾߰裬ͼֶνɶɱ
ɶŭȻԸָͬͯģһΪŵʩչͬвеĽס
΢΢һЦһӣֽһģ֮£Ҳһɫɵ˾­Ͽա
һ󣬾ŵɫ⣬һ֮£Ÿɶȥ
Ÿɶɫ֮£ͷɫ˿ͷһƵĻһɫ˿Ҫֵɫ⡣
Ȼͽͣ
ɫ˿һɫ⣬ʹݿֱɢ
һ̣Ϲ֮ۡĽ
а˸ɶֱӱɫһɶȻ֮յĶ㿪֮ɫһȴľŸɶΧס
һƬɫ̼佫ɶûһͳĲҽдд˳ܿûϢ
ˣһУŵɫһأڰ;ΪһɫɽķɻС
ɶڻɫȼУѾûϢ
ɶˣһȻҲͬЫһ㣬ſ³һƬɫϼ⣬ǰĻͬнʬһͬؿУȥ
һߣЫˡЫʬ֮һ󷭹֮£˺ɴŮģ֮Ϻķһ㵭ĺɫϵϢҲή
Ыôˣ
ɫһ䣬һΣӵЫǰַ̧һɺЫ壬ʵ
ˣû¡Ыſ˵һ䣬۾ı˯˹ȥ
Σüһ
һߣɶ̽˶ӣ֮ҲήҲЫһ˳˯
ˣһ
ͷΣǰҲʮ֮˾ǽ׵ס
ҲЫͷɶѴﵽ˻ڵ۷壬֪˶ã˷һͻƿҲ֮¡
һˣг׷ַɺסͷ裬ս
漴һӣڤռȻɢǰһֻص˻ɫռ䡣
ոǰ͵һһ촫һִ⳯ͷ
һһκɣ˹ȥ
һΣվȣȿΧɫ΢΢һ䡣
˿̣ɫռͬˮһ𵴣ִĳɫ⳯˷ȥڻĴɴСطӰڼ֮Ĳɱš
󾳣
ͫһ
Ӱ֮УԼֱܷ侵Ӱ
ȻѲµΪ򵥣û뵽侹Ȼһ壡
¡
һ춯صķײԭһķӰȻɢӿѹɢ䡣
æ֮Ϲһ㣬ź󷽷ȥ
һ˿˰ɺ󣬲վ塣
˿̵˷Ӱ֮УŴĿĺɫâת׿Զһۣһ˿âĿһתٴ˶ľϡ
ֱһ죬޳ָ֮ϵһɫָâһ
ΧڹһֳĸСĺɫףһſڣĵڻ棬ûС
ɫһʶӹȥ˺ɫ棬ɫʱһס
ɫ澹Ȼ溮ޱȣʶһҲһֱĸо
\֮Уһģкڹһһɫ
һ֮£ڽΧһһʢӰÿһ궼һӨĽ
ɫɿתɫ汻һ˿޷
ĸɫ׼ˣһһǣźɫ˶ȥ
ͣ
ɫ׸ոշɵԵɫâţӨܱ
ĸɫ׵壬תۼ㱻û˽֮Уҽжûзһ㱻˺ѿ
ڴʱָ֮ϵĺɫָžһѿû˿۵ɫдͬʱһֻв֪ʱһɫͷֱһ̧ͷɢԽԽĽ⡣
һ̣Ȼָֹһ֮
顱һ𣬽ɫþӦѿ
ɲǼ䣬ɫվҲͷȻѿһ޴ĺɫ϶һɿֲѹ͵شпӿɿɢ
ˣһݣڹʢһٴηɺصĿ˰еĺɫѷ졣
˿̵ĺɫѷ죬ڷɿխһֲֻĿ
ŭħ֮Ŀ
ߺ޲TƺЩ⡣


1110 ̹
һҪ׷޲TоĿиֳһӲԲƺǾĿͫһ㡣
һ
һ貶ĿĽɫ׵ĴӾĿ֮мԲ˼ٶȣڼȥ
ɫ䣬кɫֶһ֮£ʮڹ⣬γһغɫĻǰ
ͬʱַһߣӰҹʢڡǰһɫĻ
¡¡һ촫ɿռ䶼Ϊ֮𵴲ѣ
һ֮£ǰĺɫĻͬ䷨ӰĻɫĻ·ֽһ㣬˲䱻
δҽУϵĲֱڽ֮ʧ٣ķӰ˸ºҲɢ
˿ɫ˿ûзɣзɿдʣִ֮оĿɫͫת˼º󣬲ЩʵĻպϡ
Žɫɫռָֻƽ
һɫЩ԰ףһӣӰһɿСûڡ
顱һ죡
ǰ޾淺һ㵭⣬漴͸ͬɢ
һ̣ɫռϿһâ˸ĸֳһƬССİɫ㣬·ҹеǳһ㡣
ɫռ䶯һĿɫ룬ŹԽԽ࣬ռ羵һ㣬˿
ֻǰһһᣬѾһ޴ĺʯɽ֮ǰ
˿Ҳǰ治Զ
ǡ¶һ˿ɫ
ֻǰ޴ɽȵһϣȻĸ֮֡䡱
ȿڻжʮôСһ֦ҶïĲСһöнɸߡ
֮ˡδڣ˵һ
ţĿ⿴˺ʯɽԼһ˿˼ɫ
ԣȴɫһƺʲôִһֳһһΪһɫ񣬱˶ʱָ˱ò
Σüһû¶κɫ
֪ӦóƺʦƬ̺ڿʵ
㾿ڵӣ̫ŵӣΪλ䵽ڤ磿ûлش⣬һ
¸ոӦҲӾеӰ񿴳ˣҳƴ½ھӤһ֮Եɺϵ½̫ķӣں̫ŵƣĿûʲôĳ½һ£ȡơ
һУУĦһ£һ˿׷ɫ
»֮ʱڵӰڴʦµһ˿ҵõ䴫ڵڤ̫ͨҲΪˣ½֮󣬲ŵ԰̫šһۣƺʲôֺɵ˵
Ӱڡһ䣬漴ĬƬ̣һӻ
ʾģҵȷʵ˵ɫһӱ仯󣬳̾һ˵
󱲵ʦ
ֽ̧ӹƣԣæɫȻĹһ
һǷġ
û뵽һڤ֮УλԼ֮;ӰԶĴ˵
ԼĵġڤǾڤ̫඼Ǽӳ֣Ǻ߶漫ǵݻԵڵľ硣
Լ֮һЫҲǶԷصڤѰá
ҲΪˣŵԻԵɺϵİ½Ĵ̫֮һ̫ţ˺
˵ûλʦĵĹ켣ܱܿ᳹׸дˡ
ѲضˣѾǹȥ֮ˣȻӵд󲿷ļ䣬ȷȷʵʵת壬ĵھŵѾǵˡùһ󣬰ڰֵ˵
ԣվֱ塣
ӾǰӰҲµ㡣
кܴһתⲢûʲôֵġ
ˣ㻹û˵Ϊ̫ŵӣΪλڤ磿ʱȴķʵ
ǰġ˧׷ϣεĶռ֮żȻĵĹ̴˵һ¡
ڣں̫ǺΣп߶һԥһµʵ
Ŀ΢а̾һȻ˵ѾˣлǶǰΪǹҡ
뿪Ѿ꣬Ҳ֪ڵһʱ֮лʿλҲ㳬Ȼλ֮һ̫ΪĴ̫ڣ֮ӢܱҲһʢ󡣡٩٩̸
ܺãҲˡˣȪȵҡΣ˵ͷ¶һ˿οȻ뵽ʲôһ㣬ʵ
ҵĺ󱲵֮УһշƵŮޣʦ㣬ҲѾ˼ٵ磬콣¡˵һҪǰӰڵõǰһö֮飬ӦҺˡڲ׺֮ǿУΪԱȲ˽֮飬ûǰУ¡Ǹصֹһ
ԱԱɣö֮飬Ҳһʱ𣬲ʲô£֪һаãҲͷˡ˵
лǰ½⡣ԣһ
ȻʲôˣŵȻںϽ֮֮еħ꣬һֱǺеһ̣õ½⣬ʱеһɡ
֮飬˵Ҳֱ֪Բ䣬ǳҵԤϡ´ۣһЦ˵
Ȼкܶȱ㣬ʻᾡŵġԣһĻص
ô˵ҵӰڣҲһԵˣҲҵ껨ѵЩѪһЦ
лǰĳȫ֮ͬЦЦ
˵һʿð˴յˣӦǲòԭɣʲôɫһʵ
ԣüͷһ壬Ƭ̺󣬲ŵǰ˴ν֮䣬Ϊ˵õһöתĺˡ
תĺˣǶ֮֮ͨΪ󣬶ҵ֮ƷضΪܣ󼶵ʿҲһаյõһ˿ȡ
ҲǳΣ¹غܷ뿪ģ½жѣһҪµġεĻصĿּᶨ
ԭˡʵڶ棬ұѾ㲢壬ʿͷ󣬺Ȼִ˵
ŶǰԭȵĴǡһ


1111 ĺ
һʼ֮ԻͬУʵҪʿݣƽ֮ڵһơ˵š
ҪȥѰҾתĺ֮ǰȰǰҲ޲ɵġͷתһ̹Ȼ˵
ǴƱȽ⣬ɷʿƳϺܶ࣬Ƴ˲䣬ҲռʿҲѡڼȻ֪ݣǰԨԴȻôˡѣ֪ǷȤһף΢΢һЦ˵
ˡ
ף¶֮ɫ
ģǰ˴֪֮м֮һƶΪ㣬ӦýΪ׵⣬ƺڤǾΪ޹˹٣ӦûûĹɣζ˵
һеĸֳһ˿һš
תĺ˹ϵǷܹ뿪ڤ磬֮ͷȴ±ѰҵڤǾ°벿
⼸Ҳһֱڴϧ˿ûнѾ˷˹ѡһ׹Ĵˡ˿ԣܹ
֪ǰҪʲô˿ǿƽ飬ʵ
ҲʲôѰ飬ʵǿǹˣպ֮ͨпܣֻҪһŵպɻڴ֮ʱǹһȪңƴڱɡȻ˵
ڵӣʦºѣ¶û⡣ЩȻܿͷ˵
ѹȻˬ졣˵ͷɫɣҲûҪʲôԣǷȡһհڶͷ˫ĿһյĿ¼ʲô
Ƭ֮¼ϣһ֣˹˵Ѿעλãһ·֮ҪעһЩơǾתĺ˵ڣһǵһͬڤǾƵ֮أӦûȫ׵ڤǾţҲǳѵݣӦòѵ֡
һѽӹ΢һ˵ͷ󣬾͵ĵڴ˳ŵȪҺѣֻҪܼضȫ
ˣ¶һ˿Ц⣺Ȼˣұڴ˷ֿɣºڴ˹ȿ㣬а취뿪˵һһ㻯Ϊһڹ⣬ֱɽڡ
ԶȥıӰ˺һٽڶͷϸ鿴
һ㹤ֽӶõĵͼһͬһԺж֮䡱ڣһʶ
˴ռλ֮޾ɽλãȴҲǹޱߣǰľ޴ɽΪģ֮رѩ죬Ǵܲ߻ɳڤӹٲȻԳһ硣
ĸ֮أ岼ֲڸ
һգĿתϱߣ΢һһΪһںƿնߣĹ򣬾ʧ߾ͷ
պ
ŴѩɵѩкХʹԭ֮䣬̹ǡ
ɫѩϣһűֱǰĽӡԭɼһ紵󣬱ģ
ڽӡǰһ۵꣬ŷѩǰһһǰš

˿̵ȫһ㵭ĺ֣˵ѩš
Ҫȥģߵһ׻þתĺ˵ڣϱߵѩһĺ£ĺ֮ء
һ·ϣͼָܿƳһնƣ·;һЩĴߵĹΪڻ浤ڵӣֶλɱˡ
߱Ъ£ȻٶȼҲ̤ƬѩƮҡĻɫѩء
һ򣬾ͷִ˵رĳֽսƣһеĻĻɫѩ۳һı׶ǵصļ
ÿһ׶൱һʿȫһȻǿȴҲܲסܼĹ
֮£ֻͽ
ûãͻȻ˫һٵͣԭأ˫һеǰȥ
͸ɫѩԶԶǰѩɽӰӡ
һΪСѩɽۣ֮ԼɼһСͲ
ˣ
˫ĿһӿŲǰȥ
һʱ󣬰Сѩɽ֮۵һƽ̨ϣפǰɴһļªСڴˡ
ϳ˱渲źİѩ⣬ûκװΣҶûһ
ڤ磬ҵͼ֮ȷıעţ߳ĺ֮ͨأΪԼʲôɽСˡ
˼ۺɫͻȻ粻Ƭ̺󣬲ŵͷһģâһ֮£ʵʵĳӰһ˻һһ˻ȥ
ˣ¶֮ɫ̧ŷȥ
ĵͼСƽʵⲼ˴ĽƣЩƴֻ弰ЧЩƶ˵Ӧò¡
ڷţ޲TȴͻȻ佫ȫϢԷ˵ֱ̬߽ȥ
ѯԵ֮ʱ޲TһԲˡ
ЩŰɣջǾһԡ
һĻɴϲ
Ȼôſڳֱ룬ͬһ㣬ûг˿״
һò󣬽аɴСһʯ̨һɫ׵ӵ
֮⣬ԵЩңܱϳټսµĺۼ
ǵĺµλˣԼɿԳڴ˴ĿɼĿɨһȦֿͷ񣬲һ䡣
ݵһν֮ʱ˵أ˲١ĺıбһƽأἰλĹĻÿһ˶ӵвʵȴԸ׷ĺˡ
ڸͼʱЩע档
СĴһ֮£ûнתĺڵ౦Ϥȡߡ
һһ˿һƵǹй¶ܻðչɱ
˼һú󣬱㾶ֱûǸȥ
ͨľʱȴһ
Ȼ䲢ŵңмҵǼѱ򿪡
ǼпտҲ֮Ȼѱա
мǼңռʮСɡ
мһϣϥһӡ
ͷڣĿţ°ʹһСںڶףͬһģ
ǵ겻һĻĺˡ
ӣųʶϸ̽һ㹤󣬳һһ䡣


1112 ­֮
䣬һֵӳŷһźϣȷû˿ƷӦ󣬲
ǰֱһֱ̧ӳԷСﴦһץȥ
ꡱһ
ֱָûУٴγ֮ʱлȻżСԲ顣
ЩԲӡϸСģתΧն΢΢ЩŤ
תĺˣţһͨڴܣһϲ
֪ͨڵ麣λãһžתĺˣ̺һΪﵽڵĻٵųͨڣš
ڴʱǰʬȴۿɼٶȿήɱȥ·Ѫⶼˣţۡһʹ˻㾧ʧˡ
Ϊͨһߣڴɢˡ
νޣޣΪֻͨҪûдﵽΣվʷ佥
ǰһĻ΢΢Щ񣬵ڴʱͻ
Ȼѹ˲·ֱϡ
ɫһ䣬Լȡ߾תĺˣƻ˻ĺȻǴ·λ󾳻ܵˡ
ת£æžתĺһգһһһɫһԼһ󣬾̻һϹϷȥ
䡱һ
һϹⶴ¥һԶȥ
Ϲֵͬһʱ䣬ɫݹӻĺмӷ׷ȥ
·ѹӢľ޴ɫѩҹһһӨ׶˷Ŷݹӿȥ

߰պ
˫ֵڸ߿մԶޱ޼ʵĻɫɳֳһ˿֮ɫ
ݵͼʾǰв·̣һλ֮ء
⴦żǰĺѩɽСͬһΪΣڲΪӵĵż
˵ھڤʷϣҲһպյˣ䲻ڤǾģ۲ΰԵļ˲ǿߣľ£֮ڵʱһʱ
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λͷĵЩƣȨСǰΪԼôһꡣ˼һ䡣
ˣɲҶꡱ˿С֮ģһǰǴλĺ֮У˲СĿͷ
ʱһѩؽսƣͨӰ󷨻ӰͨͼϢ˦ܵ׷ɱֻһʿȴ總֮ҰĶչ˷׷׷һһҹ޷װѡ
֮£ֻðһɱɽڤİ£䳹׻ɱ
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촽ޱļǰȥ

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ŵƹ⣬ԼɼһԼߵƽ̨ƽ̨Ϸһīľ޴ײģײΧһˮͰϸͷǵľԲš
˫Ŀգƺڳ˯
˿̵Ĺ׸ǱƿһǣϷƣþ۲ɢ޷
ײǰվһģӰֳһɫĿš
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Ӱ
⴦谵ã֮أĵ°˲㡣
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󲿷ֽƶŲСΪ壬Ҿǿԣȴδʲôţһ֮£һһоյĶȹˡ
ͼڰ˲ʬ֮ľ̾ŵ֪˯ʬԣΪ󾳣ʶʱ֮ʱδΪһԼõڤǾȥǴ˹
ڴɾĳͼӳ֮£δʬԾѣȻȡ˹ľ֮Ȼϲ
ڤǾ֮ǰ鴦õģвͬʶ˳˵
ղȻֻǴҴɨһۣȴⱾȫƺӡ
һ۹ľĿһ˿ɫ
깲оŲ㣬˵ھŲ㣬֮ĴӦþڹľ֮¡
ڵͼȷעţΪͨҲҪͼ̤ھŲ㡣
һҲûҵھŲڣѵõȫ׵ڤǾȻȥˡ
ûͣʹ뿪谵ãԭ·ˡ
֮ĽƣѾᣬʶһ·Сû̽ط˼
ʮպƽĻص֮룬޴ĺɫɽڴ
˿̵Ĺȿڿһˣûг֡
ʱ䣬Լ»ĺܣһ˼֮£ɴɽڵһƧ䣬ֲ˼ƣϥȡڤǾϸϸ
֮ǰֻǷĿһ飬˿̣ʼϸϸʮһĹ
Ϊඥ֮£Ѿ浤ڣֻҪܲͨ͸ʮһڤǾӦˮɵ顣
ĿڤǾʱһϺķ˵ɫĺĻζţ쳣
Ȼһ˻д˳
Ȼ۾һ
һźз˳һ£ֳ˷ɶӰ
һǰķɶɫһ
˿̷ɶѾΪ˷­壬һСһŸͷ­ϣֳİɫѪ˿һϸܵľһ㣬ɢѪâ
­ͷ­˫Ŀ֮иֳɫ棬зһ˻
ɶѵѾܵɶϸǵϢϸֳ־ϲ֮ɫ
ڴ˿̣ɽϷĸ߿дһƵԭͺںգѸٵĸֳһƬƬڵĽơ
ܿ죬һҴܵĵߣըԶԶ˳ȥһɹɿŰϯ£ʯɽ֮С
ѹĸͣĿߵԽԽ죬·ʱӿ¡
­жʱֳһ˿ɫϺһ󣬾ֱӷɳƣϽƷưĵͺ
ԭΪЫȶ׽٣û뵽Ƿɶһ
վԭûжŸ߿еķ­Ｘ䣬ʶųʱ̼Χ
Ȼ˺ںɽʯһҲûУ飬ȻԲϷɷֺһϹһֽһɶͷ


1113 
յԽԽ࣬Ȼâһ󷭹ߵĵâ۳ţۿһ̱Ҫ׹¡
ڴ˿̣ĳһ𣬡һ죬ѿһִĿռѷ졣
ţһִɫмٶ֮죬˲һ㡣
ͫ͵һûκηӦɫѾһ˰֮ϡ
ոƺȻɢ˴룬ʣ֮ž֮죬ɫɫɫĵпϡ˺ܶࡣ
ɫֻһţ˲ʧӰ٣ͬûгֹһ㣬ռѷҲܿ£û˿ۼ
һȻһ㣬˰εض𣬷ɵ˰֮С

üͷһ壬׹Ȼֻһɲǣ̺֮ǿԶԶʿƺûмӺ­˼Īͨ­ȹ׽١
¡
ʣ಻ƻۼһϸСĸɫ绡˷­ȥ
­һţһŭͷ̷һɫſͷ
ɫ˿֮һĸֳӿ棬һ绡棬âţֱӽ绡档
ƱɢԵʣЩ绡ޣɫ֮һžը죬Ȼɢ˲٣绡Ҳܿɢ
­з¸´Цſһɻɫ棬ȻϿյƣֱӽһƻеĵâסȻһȥ
ɫһ͡
еһ󷭹ٴ˵ڶ׽٣ȵһС­ֱһſڣ³˴ƬĻɫ棬Щ绡סһһȥ
ܿ죬յĺɫԽԽСһɫ绡ºҲɶͬʽȥ
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ɶڿʼ˽ף
֮д˷ɶ˷ܣͬʱҲЩʹ˻
һʱ䣬
ԷɶΪģΧϵĻ˹γһ˶ޱȵУ֮ĸֳʮɫ飬ȻתУѸٵںһ
꣬ɫ֮иֳһȭͷСĺɫԲӰ渡ֳޱȵĿϡ
ɫԲӰһʧекȻɢٴ¶˷ɶΡ
ɶͷ϶һ⣬òûз̫仯ԭ˸С͵ͷ­úͷ­һ޶Ÿͷ­ڰΧһȦȻֲΡ
ϸĻſͷ­˫ü֮䣬һĺߡ
ǿҵķʾ˷ɶѾɹףһͷ浤ħͷ
̹һɶΪͯӵģһתԡ
浤֮󣬷ɶͯӿƺһЩ⻬Ķͷϣĸֳһɫߣէһƺһŵ۾һ㡣
ˣɹˣɶԣ۵Сס½ǣ˷ܵ˵
òḧŷɶͷ˵һ䣬вǰȻֵİɫаɻ
ɶԣӻϲ֡
Ŀһת˷ɶͷϵĺϣһ
ɶͷϵô£浤ͨ𣿡
ɶһ۵Сͷ¶һ˿ãȻ
ɶҲ֪ոպȻʹҪѿһѾûоˡɶ浤֮ߣֱǰ˺ܶࡣ
ԣüͷһ塣
õģͷͷϵӦ֮󣬻õĳδ֪ͫͨס޲Tĵ׸ֶ
ͫȵ
ǵģͫһַǳͨò˵ǲͷ趼ŲͨϹʱвۣ֮֮ͫĿȵȣȻ֪ͷ­׵õʲôͫӦСͷ­Ϊʹôͨڴڻδ״̬޲T˵
˺Ȼдϲɫ΢΢һ䣬ƺʲôæʵˣ޲Tǰ֮ǰٻǾĿͨ㵱ʱ֮Ϊŭħ֮ĿѵҲһͫͨ
ô˵ҲûϹħսڼ䣬һŭħħһּΪԵͫͨħͷҲڴսˣֻĿһֻ۾ӦǸʹĳٻġ޲Tƺ̸ܿȥ
üһҪ׷ʲôʱԶƿһ죬һݹɽڷ˳
ɫ΢΢һ䣬һԸɶصС
˿̵ķɶȻĿɽȷƺû
ˣüͷһ壬Ҳֻɶˡ
ʱݹһͣǰâɢȥ¶Ρ
ǰǰ΢΢һ
ѣĵǺ磬ӣӦնɣһ˿⣬漴ĿɨԱߵķ­һۡ
ǰָ㡣˵
ȻҶﵽĿģЩ뿪ɣ֮ɲǾ֮ءԵͷɿ˵
ǡȻûвͬĵ˿̣­Ŀɽȷ
ɶ߰ɣЩ뿪üͷһ壬˵
ɶһƺŷӦ˹
ôˣɶɫ΢ʵ
Ŀ⿴˹ɫҲһ
ˣƺٻңһܴȥɽһطɶϸֳֵ飬˵
Ȼת֮ķͬʱʶɢ쵽ǧﷶΧϧʲôҲӦ
߰ɣɶ֮ЩŹ֣Щֻһ͹ϵ˵
ɶ·ԭأȻûа뿪˼
УˣҸо޷ٻǸ˵з棬ոհҶȹ׽٣ҹȥ˵
ԣɫһ䡣
֣ͷɣǷʲô£Ŀһʵ
ġͷתǽڷɶϵ
ԭˣйطˣҵ֪һЩǰҲǾһ֮Ϊͨ˵Ҳһͷ­ħͷɡӦ˲ǡ˼
ǰ֮䣬бһֱһʣųķĹɻлŵܴͨڣ˸˵
ӦûУҴʦ¡֪һ֮ǰλܵԪ㣬ӦѾϾͨܣҲ޷ϵġƬ̺󣬻ص
棬ͻȻٻͷȥЩˡ
Ҳˡͷ­ͷҲ֮ͬˣӦòʲô£ͷһĪԵص˵
ԣɫһ仯ԡ


1114 Ыڵ
ɶȻһԵɡ˾
ˣҲ뿪㡭
ɶԣʱֱֻס䣬¶һ顣
ˣֲҲˡڴ˰ǣһģ뿪ġҲЩ᲻ãһ䣬һ͵ƿ˷ɶ
ɶֳһĨ⣬ſڣҪ˵Щʲô֮ʱͻ
Զɫɽƿէ죬һɫϼ⾹һһѾס˷ɶ塣
һȴûгֹ
Ҳһ˿ɫ̲סһ
׹ס˷ɶ󣬹âһɽƿնأ˲ʧӰˡ
ԭվƬ̣һʱ
ȻͷѾٻȥҲڴ˶ͣˡȴ˳Ĭ˵
ã֪ǰ˵뿪˵صİ취ǡһ˵ͷֿʵ
˵֮֮⣬˽ʱѹ⣬бǴ˵رһ޻صľء
Ⲣ˵ûа취뿪ݶṩϢмַ뿪ģֻһȽ˵ʱĴۡ
˾ȻΪ˽ЩǱ˵֮ˣڴ˴
ҵڽ˵ʱǲ޷뿪Σбˡ˵ţһ̧һźɫεĴĸֶͬʱд
Укɫǰһס
ۡһ
ɫӭ籩ǣȻһɴСĺɫ֣һöŹַĴһŵûУ΢΢һת£ֱϼ׷׷ӿ͵͵֮
룬Աܿƣֱӽ볱ϫѹʮһȵ˥ڣϫɲ֮ǰˣ
һ仰ȡһɫһתһ⣬˺ɫ֮УӰ
źɫ֣ɫ粻˺һڻһһĸ˽ȥ

һӺ֮Χĳϫ֮УһһӰɳ۶ݹɢȥ¶ӰȻ
˿ЩǱڣɫ԰쳣Ѫ߰ߡ
ЩƣӵѪԣȻʲôˡ
ǳˡµĻұĺɫһ
ڽĲֺ֪һ㣬ֱӽΧĳϫɺȽʱֹҺϫƵ
ڶ˱Ͳǳˣǰ׼֮£ȻоյĶȹ˴·̡
ںεʱ򣬷һЩ⣬һȺںеķ顣
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ϵĽۼһɫӲɱһѪ·ȴڻޣ޷˼ˡ
Ȼů壬ֶξ˲СΣս͵ܼ󣬻һһģһ˴󲿷ַ飬ſӳ
ѽʲô㣿Ͻɫһն𣬿һۣʵ
һʿھǲ㣬Ҵ㾡뿪ģ½ȥ˼һº˵
ҲãһҪһˡѻص½֮󣬲Ҫ֮ĳŵɫһ˵
ǰܷģȴġ֣˵
˵ͷŶ˵ĻΪһݹ⣬ܿʧ˰ա
Զȥķģ¶һ˿漴һҲΪһڹ⣬һɶݶȥ

º
ɳһƬӴޱȵīɭ֣ҰɫīൽҰͷһ߼ʡ
ڴʱһɫݹԶɳ۶һ֮£ֱīС
ûãɫݹ·īش͸ԼɼеӰ
ַһǰһƬյأϼɫӳǰԵôĿġ
ǵ׵˱ɱ֮Ҳ֮ء
Ȼ뵱ʱĶսȥ˼ͷһ뵽īܵܣԲ¡
ݹɢ£һĿ⳯ΧȥƺѰʲô
ڴʱһռŤĳһһСӰĳǰ
ǰæǰ
û뵽ŹôЩӣˣ飬ĪѾõ˾תĺˣ´һۣһ˿죬ʵ
ǰЩӽҸմ֮նأҲѾõˡǰǷҪ֮˵ţ˫óһɫУɫ˫ֵȥ
鵥һ̧ɫСಡһ
иӻ򿪣¶һȭͷСͨڹľ壬֮ľתĺˡ
֮쳣Ҳᱻ˽֮˳Ϊʮ֮ˣԸʮʱ׼ŹЩʱ䣬õ˾תĺˣãܺãû㡣Ŀھתĺͣãһһ˿ĵ׵Цݡ
ǰΪȷʵ˲׼һЩŵ˳ġĻش
ͷ֮ˣȻȡתĺˣȻسŵ㷵½⣬ǶĶ⽱
䣬һֻ̧ǰһƾնһԲκɫľɢһǿ֮
Ϣ
ɫһȻһƷ׼ߵ
½ϻĴãնɱ浤޲Ҳδǿҵ
мһްЫڵֻЫ費Զǳϣڵͷа˳ϣ˳ᵤ׵浤鿴赭д˵
лǰͣ
˴ϲָһ㣬ڵһֽС
Ȼδ˵ְЫɢʮа˾Ǿڤй鶼˵ˣŶԡ
Щ׼㷵½һͷźֱһӣܵĿռвһһƬɫϼһ֮£ס
ʱкȻһ״Ȼѹ
ѹ֮ǿ˲˸һҷ
ɫһ䣬ֻһɽϢĿ¸о˲
ȴĿһһָϿһ㣬һƬϼǰֶһֻзһɿ
ϼڷûһĻһɫĻС
Ļһ֣һɹɱɫϷǵصϯ֮һĿռѷɼͬŽһɫĻϣʹùĻһҡҷȴվûѿ
ΧĻҰɫīͿһӴ˷ľ˾죬һ֮·׷ɢ


1115 
ţбɫٴδ˷۶ڰγһ˶ޱȵС
һģӰĴһ¸ֶ
һüͷ˫ֺʮһȡס˵ɫĻ漴ɫƽһӰ
Ӱһ֮£ʵһüĿűɫ۵Ӱֱӳڶǰ
Ӱͨģ壬ƺʵ֮һ֣Ŀɨͣϡ
ɫ飬ԷĿ⾹Σ˲俴һ֮С
ڿһԵûʲô̫ӦҲĬĿ˶Է
ģ˾ʲô˼ʵ
ԣһ
ԭǰ֮ˣǴ˵ˮƿߣܱͨģѹֻ˴ơ
ߣû㣬㵹ˣϻģ㱾ͲҾڤˣһڤ磬Ѿչ˵ˣνڤĻᡣѾһλˣǴ˴뿪Ժ󽫲̤Ǿڤһֶɱ벻Ҷ˵ˡΪ֮ɣ˵˻ӰҲûи˿˵Ļᣬһģ󣬱ٴɫ֮С
еɫУ󣬡顱һʹɢ
ٴλָƽ
ӱĳ֣ȥǰ󲻹ĹΧһƬīֵĶ֦⣬ղŷһоͷ·һ㡣
Ȼԣվһһķ
ȴɫһޱȡ
޷ŵˣڤһЩҪҪ죬޷뿪ġٵϼ꣬ȫƺīܣٽ뿪κڳһһֲɵĿ˵
û⣬ٵȸˡԣȻûк顣
ңϻвֻõڤͲϣֱӴ½ûʲôô⼸껺ʱ任ȡһЩ½õĶ
˵ͷֱһָһţһɫһɶƮȥ
Ǳ㣬ĽнҪʱ䡣һᴿľĽвС棬ֽ̲ʱ䣬ҲǶһֲˡ
лǰԴϲ
һһӴսҺ󣬺ȻϢûС
һ˳Ļ֮ڣԽ߿ȫƺáˮڤɽҡʱʹīܰ뿪ڤ硣˵˻Ҳٿһâһֶ˵£ʧˡ
ԭ˼һҲһ߶ݹ⣬īȥ
ºͨγͣһ˶պһīĿڤϿա
һƬǳϤչʮĵط
һ޼ʵĺˮϣᳵ·һ߶ݹ˹ȥһڤΪŨϿջӡ
һӺѾ˺ӵ׵Ľ֮С
ڴһкۼȻʣȻ뿪ֻмʱ䣬ڼ䷢̫飬ٴһֻĸо
ϥڵϣ¶˳֮ɫ
⼸ڣ;ѾھڤеĵõĸƷһеڤʯԼ޷ʹõڤڤȵȫһЩΪ½õŵĶ
ָֽд˴ľزĸֿʯݵȶЩ½ҲǼΪĴԵԲϣֵ
Ϊֹɱĺܶڤ޲ϣǰֻеС֣֮ﻹǱŻص½֮󣬿ԻȡʵʯȻ֮ܽǰ浤ʱĵʯȫֲҲزֵʧˡ
ڤӵײĺɫ֮⣬ʮɫתš
кڹһһɫƿƿȻзסȻһ˿˿Ѫɫɢ
Ħƿɫ¶һ˿ϲɫ
ƿ֮ڤʯһ浤ڤ޵ڤˣһξԪ֮Ѫ
ڤ֮У಻ʤһʬ壬Щڴ֮еѪ壬ӵȡѪͨ
ξԪ֮Ѫʬɵ⾫Ѫ
Ԫ֮ѪھڤһּΪɱ˲䲹ʿѪһʥҩеȴǴе˲䲹ʿѪĹЧ
ôĴһξԪ֮ѪΪӦԼһεݱ
ʱ䣬Ҳˡ
ΪѾﵽ浤ڣ֮ǰԱյѪҲɣڴ洢൱ľѪӦݵɡ
޲TҲ˵ΪѵԵʣЩ̫ȶϴαԼٵԪΪ˱ǻ˺ܴĴۣôһξԪ֮Ѫ
ϧ⾫Ԫ֮ѪɢԺǿĴ洢˷סȻӷ˺ãԥ㾡ۣһЩߵġ
һºɫƿ֮Ŀڽ֮ڤ֮ˮɨȡڤǾĿ
ڤ֮أһΪ˵طǳȫǾӦݱĺõطһԭΪ˴˴ڤ֮ˮ
ڤǾÿһ㶼Ҫڤˮ⼸ʱ䣬һЩá
Ͼڤ֮ˮֻоڤУص½֮Ҫˡ
Щ飬ҪȵӦ˴˴ݱ֮
ʱһȥתۼ¡
һգھ麣вһһӨݻֶ
üһȻ۾һģһźɳһ˴СЫӳԡ
Ы黹ЩήңһٻãȻĿ
ϸ˵ְЫϡ
ۡ
麣ݴһ죬һϤǿϯ
׼߶麣֮ʮѨϵ浤ǿԴԴϵĳйȥ
ݷ֮ǰδеǿ󣬷·һ޵׶һ㣬ܶٷ˽ȥ
ڣ˿̷ǰõ벻
ݵɳһӣ˿ûмʹ麣еķѾ˽롣
ɫһһЫð˹Ϊһɱķڣ˳Ÿɿû֮С
õЫڷٶȴΪ⡣
ǣҲ⣬ʶʱ̼ݵһһ
ʱһһĹȥ
ЫڷȻҲ񣬿һͨ浤ޣǺȾ˺ܶ࣬ܿ죬ڵķԼףзһ۾
˿̣ݱѾ˰ʱɷٶ˿δ
üͷ˿麣еķѾֻʣңЫǲ֮ʣһ㱡ĺ
Ыһۣһж˴ڼȡͬʱһڸֳһöѪܣһתһѪ˿вϵӿ֫ٺ֮С


1116 롰
ͬʱŨŨѪ⣬۳һεѪɫ֣Ѫ˿ܲס塣
Ѫ˿һһһƾѪΪһɹԴԴϵû֮С
ֹһӣѪ⣬˺ܶ࣬ɫҲЩ԰
麣֮УӨСݺȻһɷٶ
ϲŵһֻһһɫƿУҿķһŨŨѪɢ
û˿ԥһ֣ƿ֮зɳһѪɫҺ壬һŵķĿС
ԭѪȻһۿɼٶѸȥ
Ѫɫ֣ٴϡֻʣһʱ麣ݲֹͣɡ
һֻ̣ǰһЫ˫˫˻ɵռ֮С
ظһ㣬һһŵڷȥ
ɵķ֮࣬ԶԶԤϣǰ˶׼Ȼڱ˸ɣҪԪˡ
һԵЫϺڹһûһɴŮģ
ֻǴ˿ϲ԰һƬθǲ΢΢ţͷĽڱҲʱ٣һľģ
ǸЫΪݺȻ֪ͨ㣬ᴿĻ̫ѵã̫ϧˣֱӽٻ˳ЫɫһᣬЩǸ˵
ˣЫ׵ġЫΪɵĵ˵ͷĿ⳯Χȥ
ôûпɶЫֵʵ
ˣЩӶг˯ġǽɶٻ֮£򵥵ĺЫ˵һ¡
ԭЫȻһϲֳһЩʧ֮ɫ
֮Ҫռ֮дϺܳһʱ䣬Լúˡ˵ķԸ
Ы˵ͷһ󣬱ߵռһ䣬ϥ
Ŀռһɨſں˼޲Tϵû˿ĻӦ
̾˿ԹԵߵ챮ϥ
ԭ޲Tһ½޲T˿ûлӦֻܰԼĴˡ
㣬˴ռӦҪʮ꣬ôʱ䣬ҪúһС

ʱ󣬲֪䣬ʮʱȥˡ
һƬֲָڿռ֮У˫Ŀգһվԭء
ͻȻ䣬һХ˷ӿһ֮£һֻһֻͷǵĺɫƾո֣аֻӡ
ЩĿһ֣Ŀˢˢмһĳм˹
˷ƾ֮
ȴһֱ̧ۣһһɫζ
˫Ŀоһ˫ƮȻӶɿ峤㼸£ͬʱдʡ
ʱһ󣬾һ࣬գۼֻɫӰʮ֮࣬ڰеĻΪʮϹ⣬ͷһ
ȥ
һͺȡ
ɫ£һɢһɫӰֱܼȥ
һʱ䣬ΪĵķԲɷΧڣĿһƬɫ˸
ĳֽ󣬽Ƭֽ˿֮¡
ţžž֮Ͱҽ֮˷
йﱻɫһڵ֮£ɿɢٴλƺ
Ȼֻһ󷭹֮֯£գۼ䣬ֻ۳һֻԭһ޶Ĺ˻żмӿ
ǰ̣ԴԴ
Ĺ򣬱ʩչĹͲǧֻ֮࣬ڲš
һУ̫вһ浤ʿʩչĽУǴԭĽֻܻ֮ãԽԭֻľŵ⣬ʮ
ȻͬһͨǰľŵӰͬնӦԱԼΪ͵Ĵˡ
˵ӦԶͬٶȼʶֽܷɢ̫ͨлΪŵĴڣҶԾҪ󲻵ͣʶ̫شӣڻô˽һҲỨʱڴ֮ϵġ
ԣһؿռʱԣЩĴģսҪôһŹԿ˴ĵͽʿ
㻨˲ʱ˴ֻֽʮʱ䣬Ž䳹ɡ

ʱһΣֹꡣ
һգһĶ֮УƣޱڰС
·һ˻ͬײĴ̶
ѭȥȴһһڰ׹ԲιΣжʮ֮࣬µķֲΪĵܿյϡ
ÿһ֮УһŶĴŷεĽʬģʿУڲϻȭŹΡ
ǵڶģɻʿɵ̹
Щοʮּ̣Щ̹ȭ֮£ûñᱻƿһȱڡ
Ȼȱڷһ֣ȴеһ̧һźһŵĳȱڴһ֮£׹ǣֲĻȻһ¡
ɹǣ۹ǳͨڤǾ°벿ҵһͨԽ۳ɼ쳣İ׹ǣԸЩǹѲһҲľЧ
»һȦűס޷Щ̹ڿв΢΢һЦ

ȥʱڼͨħͫսͬʱûֽһЩйһ׷۳ӡ
һԵ֮ʱ˲ٶȣзָ֮ͨУﵽ°빦Ч
ؿռĵʮꡣ
һգϥ˫Ŀգһƺڲʲô
ڴʱǰԶһ󲨶һɫӰֶ
Ȼ˫ۣŴϲæվֵ޲Tǰ
䣬ɫӰʵһʮ꣬޲T
׼ĲһΪ˴ȡԪˡ´һۣ˵ǰǷμȡͻȻҲ鼴ѵԵʣԣЦһֿʵ
ʱѾԽԽˡʱ仨˲˼ھֹѣ˯ȥˡҲһЩ׼׵ıǿԳƿħˣֻеܹɲٿħ󣬲ʸʼ顣޲T˵ͷ˵˵
ʲôħܿƣǰָһһ̶ϲ֮
浤ھȻħԶĺܣҲȽע֫ĳһ֣ӳ֮£пܶʱӰ졣ʱһÿսħͫħƿء޲T˵
Ͱǰ֮ԣлǰָ㡣һڴӦ
Ҫ֪ħһֱĸ󻼣һܿסħ˴ȻҲˣ־ϲ
ãɡ޲T˵ţһΣһ̣˺ڰɫĻ챮ԣָһʯĿͼ
Żħͫһת֮£Լʶˡһɫһģһ̱һƬĵ֮ϡ


1117 Ыᵤ
δվΣһͳħ
ʱֻˡһ漴ʧȥ˶Ŀơ
һ̣ðһ棬ȼһžžı󣬱һأϸֳһĵɫơ
һϢϳԺһХУܳΪһɶĳһʮɸߵɽȥ
УһԲƵȭӰģһ֮£һƬĺɫȭӰ֯
ɽȭӰ˲䣬ȭӰ֯£
һɽȭӰ£ͷһѿɽʯ
浤ħʵǱǰʮϡ
ħֱӴʯһһɽ巽ȥ
ŸʲôԽһͼһشСԼЩ̾ħԼ֮ǿ֮ʱȴ޲T
һæǿԼȫޱľ۽ұۣеľ֮С
ڴʱħȻɵһɽǰұһһȭɽ
һ̶ϲ
Ϊȭͷɽϵһ˲䣬ֱһִӲĸо
ָоȻһţȴеһ֡ȭع顱ĸо
һضɽҡľ촫
ɽʱһ˶İݿӶΪģһݺύѷԷɿٶ˷ӿ
ɽǰһֻ̣ǰһڣűص˻ɿռ֮С
޲T˫ֵվڻ챮ԣֻɫ֮ǰЩ԰ףһۺ󣬵˵СԻһγԱгһЩˡձ㵽Ϊֹڻþģʵħķѵľɲͨþܱȵġ
ſڻҪʲô֮ʱ޲Tȴһģ֮£ʧԭء
пЦ˼󣬱һյأϥ£Ϣ

ʮһգռΧĿռĲ
۾ǰɫһ䣬һᣬѾˡڵĻɿռ䣬صڤ֮ףЫֻͬ࣬ȴһŵ
Ŀһ˸Ƭ֮󣬵͵͵̾˿
ڴ˿̣麣֮Ȼһݸֶͬʱһɾ֮ķӿע뵽麣浤֮ϡ
æתڤǾݷķɢȫһҺŨܺ嶼С
һʱ֮󣬺һ󷭹һģӰзɳ۶һģ֮£˰ա
Ӱʵ¶Ρ
˫ȭܵ麣;֮ˮһصķ̲ס췢һХ
ڵķݷѾﵽһֺŵĵزȻΪ浤۷壬浤ڣҲûʲôһЩʱ䣬ܿȥ
ףǡ
ʶһգֻ麣Һ̬ķ֮Уֳһƺëϸ˿
Щϸ˿ǳСʶǿ󣬸޷
Ƿᾧϸ˿̫ϤˣͻڵķᾧЩơ
Ҳ˵ʵķѾ˽ᾧĵزˡ
һסе˷֮飬߶Ыԡ
˿̵ЫȴһīĺС
ʶһɨȷЫ޴󰭺󣬱һϥ£һ߱ĿϢһ߾Ⱥ
һʱһöĴϢЫĺһɢ
˿̵Ыȴѻָ˺ɴŮװ磬˫ֱϥĶڵϣЩ
Ыоô˫ۣʶһɨȥ
˿̵ЫɫЩ԰ףһΪ˻ڵӣڵķȴ֮ǰʵ˲١
ˣҾΪƺһ˿ɶӦǽᵤˡЫ̧ͷգգ˫ۣ˵
ԣһһ֣ĶһԲκɫľ塣
ЫްЫڵΪָ󣬱㽫˵£ھķᵤӦò⡣
лˣ
ЫɫһϲֽӹԲξֳһ񣬱һεĳڲԶһƬյϣϥ
ˣһ£зɳʮʵ죬Щһָ
Щ컯ΪʮɫâһûЫܵ棬Ӱ
ţһ㵭ɫĻЫΧֶһµķƮ
еЫ˵ͷʾ䰲㿪ʼһ߻ָһ߼ڤˮˡ
һᴿˮٶȱ֮ǰּӿ˲١
һ졣
ϥ߶ǧˮˮ֮ʱһԴһ졣
üͷһѭȥ
һֱڻɫĻеЫڣܵĺɫڤһûڣ¶ɵʱΧڤͻȻһҷ
ڤӵ׵ĽƣҲƺܵ˲С𶯡
ڵĺӵ׽ϷγһСһУԲڵڤޣ׷¶ˮ棬ŷڤˮЩ֪롣
һϲȻ֪Ыܷ浤Ĺؼʱˡ
һȥĽƣݵһȫλãĹ۲
ڴʱкѹѹ֣һƾд
ԼĪյĹ󣬳Ƭ׵ڿһ󽻴ΪһˮͰֵɫʱĴڤϣһƬˮ
Ыƺܵʲôһɫ棬һɫݹ⣬ϼ۶ȥ
ˣһͬһڹȥ
ɫƸ֮£ڤӱһҷдܳһɫâĺɴŮΡ
ţһˮһƵӰŴˮзɳͣ˰Զ
Ӱ
˿̵ȫעĿЫųʶΧֹһпֶܳЫ
ڴʱЫ˫ƺһȻСΪƴСĹЫ
һеɫ绡һк£ڰлһܼľ޴ɫ·ƾ֮
һѽɽ飬һΣգ̳֡
ڴʱЫͷĽӡͻȻһƬ⣬ɫ׵һ⣬׷ţ뺣ûУӰ
ʱƣµɫ绡ȴ˿ûмƣܼ
ֻЩ绡һ⣬ֱգƺ޷·Ыκ˺
ǣ׵粻ϱյͬʱЫҲ֮
һʱֱЫͱԭȴ˲ϵ׵Žͣ
ˣһɡ
ŰƵɢ˷ԴԴϵĻ˹ЫΪģγһ˶ޱȵС
֮УʮɫЫڸֶȻתУѸٵںһ𣬻һȭͷСɫԲ顣
Ʒ浤
ɫԲ飬
ɫԲһŵûЫͷʧкȻɢٴ¶ЫΡ
ѾٴλûΡ


1118 
ʱһ֪ЫȻ浤һ˹ȥ
ˣҡڽ浤ˣЫת׿죬ǻϲЦݡ
ոս浤Ϊȶúùһ°ɡԣͬʮָˣһ䡣
ЫһΪһڹ⣬·С
۹һŽµڤ֮ˮ¶һ˿֮ɫ
κ㲻ͣһɫݹĳԶȥ

һգˮһƽԭϣһΡ޷Ȼͦ嶥ֱֱĲ
ڤˮĸ߷壬ڤɽˡ
˿̵ɽƺ֮Уһ˫ֵϲޱ
Ȼˡ
ܻɫƣɽ䣬вٷ޲ʱɹ
мֻոտҪӽڵķ嶥ʱƺʲôֲĴһ㣬ĵĵɻȥԶԶܿ
Դ˲Ϊ⡣
˵Եɺڤ󣬲ʮɽ飬˲ڤˮʹڤͨԼͷɶЫҲȺᵤɹڤǾ°벿Ҳѵ֡
ǰ仹սеĽ裬ҲǴһɵģ
пǸԵ񣬵õԼҲδϵľ޴ôȻص̫и֪ö˴һġ
һˣвЩ
ڴʱһЩϤ
˼֮ĵҲΪУԼʱӣǰˡīҲȫˣ׼ˣ
æȥһɫϼµĽСӰ֪ʱʮһ֮ϣԼ
顣
׼ˣͷǰˡдϲ˫һȭ˵
ȻˣǱھгܣ򿪿ռȥʩ֮ʱԶһ㣬ǰ룬롣ԣ˵ͷһһƬɫưԼ
ǡԣһȥͣ˾Զ
һֱ̣һ̧һͷ­ĻҰɫԲģſ³һûУ˼䷨ǿ˲ƮԶӭ籩
ʱһԼĪ߰ɸߵĻҰɫͿܣǰ
ʱһɽϢȻѹ˲ɢС
һ޷ֵѹ֮һ˼һ̾Ҫֱӹ£ԷðһɹͬʱһžУαһȦſס˽ŲҲɫ԰ףͷˡ
ѹֻһţûгϵѹȻˡ
Ȼˣ黹ǲһۣһ˿졣
ס󣬲źȻ´ǰ
˿֮ǰʱ£ֻǻһȦɫ⻷ڰȻһȴʹøһŤΡ
˼īɫ⻷΢΢һΧɽʯʱһƬ׷׻Ʋȥˡ
һ̧ͣһָڷһ㡣
īɫ⻷һһţ³һöͨڵ֮ӭ籩֮ܵУһϸСĿռѷ˷Ľ֯֡
īɫǵ߰ɴ󣬻δϸһģ£˲仯ɵӰڿгһƬʹ̶ȥ
һ𣬡֮ѿһִĿռѷ졣
ռѷ׷ں֮£һ˶ޱȵڹⶴֶͬʱһȻӿ
ͻȻеһβȣ޷ֵȻĳŹⶴȥ
ָоͬǸڤǹصĺɫУƺȶһ㡣
ҪͼЩʲôԵס֮ʱȴ赭дֱһ̧һƬһס
ʱһ֮İУһͣǹɾ޴ƺ˲ʧӰ١
鲢δֻһܴ뼸
īƺӵָ˫ĿһʢǰɫⶴĴͻȻһǺܴĺɫС
ſڣҪ˵Щʲôʱȴһָһ㡣
ۡһӣźɫһƮȥ
һ˲䣬㱻ͽ֮С
ֻǰȻһڣһЩϤĸоӿͷΧһƬ̹ǡ
ԼܸоϢԽԽԶˡ
ûãܵĺԽԽأѹȸҲԽԽǿңһֺѹȸС
˫һʮɽ黯ΪһΧһƬɫ廤ס
ЩΧѹȸжʱŰ

½ĳش߿һҲ
һɫƾո֣תУԽԽգۻһʮɾ޴ĺɫⶴ
һ̣һ紵һǹⶴ֮һֱ֣׹
ֵͬʱɫⶴȴɿıСʧˡ

䡱һ
·ĳһɴССӡ
һŻĴӿ
һ䣬Ыһ֣֮ɫĿһۺ󣬲ûж˵ʲôƹһ£㻯ΪһƴСĹЫǱ˵¡
֪Ы˿̶ȻܣϥãתڤǾڻһ
һεĿռͨƺһλҪռеѹȸʮǿңʮöɽԴԴϵķ֮£ס
Ȼˣһξ룬ѹӴ޷ĳ̶ȣǿͲЩƤˣҪ˺Ƭˡ
ڤǾѪ֮£һٷֻһɣƺ˴룬Ȼվ
ɽǣΧԼԶһ޺ʱһֻĸо
á
ǻˣ
Ϊпһʶ˿۲ΧҪȷһԼĿǰ½ĸλá
ΧûʲôɽСȴǲ٣ƺԭء
ڴʱͻȻɫһ䣬üͷ
Ϊʶһɨ֮£ʱоܷԲԪЩңЩ
ʱת
ȻûȫӿռĲлָʲôȽΣյ飬ߵ㹻ġ
һȥ۲һҲ˽Լεء
мƶһЫΪһڹ⣬Ԫһ۶ȥ
ԼһٷĹصĳһʯ֮
ǰɿ⣬һƬ΢ƽһĿش
һյϣһȺͬһľͳӣڲͣΧһʿ
ЩӴ·Ϊƺ֡
ɫĳӣκʿ£ͷһ͹ǣɢһȦɫĹ⻷
Щɫ൱ڰôߣһ׿ȴںڷǿ׳ǰ֫һԼצӣһ쳤ݵĿʱһεīɫҺ壬ڵϵʱ򣬾Ȼðһ̡


1119 ޳
ЩɫȫֲսΧһɫľͷ֣ɫӼʿϤΧУƺڷֹʿӳͷϵĻɫ⻷ʱһϸܵĻɫ˿еʿȥ
Щʿǲ֮±ɫ˿סȻʲôˣжȴܵСӰ졣
֮⣬͵ɫ֣ƺãеһΪٶȣУʹðΧȦеԾٶȷɿ١
ԭԴͷЩɫĳӡ
˿Ѵ߶ͼϢΣһ˿Ȼ
ɫԼΪٶȣ糱ˮ㲻ϳ嵽ʿǰüצͿеɫʴҺ壬񹥻ʿ
޳ȣʿԵٵĶˣʮ˵ӡ
˶һɫװ磬ͷһɫ˿ΧмһʮɸߣˮװϸĻɫʯΧ
ʯһֻͼ
һ뷢԰׵ĻʯϷͣĳʯһһȦȦɫʯΪģʿС
ڻɫԡ£Ƥϱһ㵭ҹ⣬Ӧĳǿ
ףͼ
Ŀڻɫʯϣһ
Ϊ浤ңȺʿΪ֮⣬ʿ֮ˣȫҺڵĵͽʿ
ʿУ󲿷ĹҵĲϴӴͳһѰѻɫϸɰ۳һɫ׶УΧϱƽĺɫӼȥֹӽ
⣬߰ĿҺʿһ˫ȭ׵ȭһɹɻɫȭ磬ĳٽĺɫӷ
۲һᣬвЩ
󲿷ֺɫɢϢֻ൱ҺڵΪʿʩչЩɳ۵ıУںɫںڼ׿ϣȴֻһɫĺۼǽɣ޷ʲô˺
ֻΪڻڵʿʩչɳ﹥ƿ֮ˣǳ׻ɱ
֮ȣ߰ͽʿĽɱΪЧȭ֮ƿЩƤڵĺɫӣһ׷ױࡣ
ֻʿʵ̫٣Ϊ̫̫ͣá
Щɫֲ֮Щʿʱ㲻Ӳӷֺת򹥻ʿ
⣬֣˵ĺɫӻ̵Ľ޷˵ĸصͬɣɺ䲻ƾұøײУϢҲǰΪǿ
ŰΧȦϼ٣ʿĹԽƣգۼʿڷɫӣȴֻǼʮ֮һˡ
ЩɫӣڽмɫʯɢĻɫΧкٶȱ󽵣ʹʿһʱ֮䣬ȫܡ
سϣѾڴ˴ˣͻΧ˻Ҳϡ¼ֲ˶ã
˵һڵŨü꣬һ˻ɵС죬ڴвɢһƬƬɫɳһƬƬĻɫɳɨǰĺɫӡ
ȻЩɳֱܲӹᴩɫӵļӲ׿ǣںɫӶ֮£ȴա
Ϊ֮ƣֻܶһһˣһɢø졣Щӵͷ˵ľЩƣ֮ϼΪĬûͻΧȥĻᡣ˵뷢԰׵Ļߡ
һ߳ʯһһ߷ųʶйעսһʿΣ֣һɫ⻷
伴Ϊ浤ǿߣƵƵ£üҲѽƣ̬
һسϵɳͼӳ֣ǻлվ˵Щͽ׵۷Ѿˣ¼ֲ˶ˣ
ŨüԣһڻŮһߴ߶һɫɳ©ɫЩȻ˵
سϣ罫Щȥ˵ƷʯȥӦûܼһЩʱ䡣˻ǻоȡŨüͻȻ۾һƺ뵽ʲôһ㣬˵
ҲգҵɥڴˣЩʯ޷˵ġüͷһ壬ֳ̾һһмʯ͵ʯܵʿС
Щʿÿ˽ӹһɿĽеƷʯַΧĵͽ׵ӡ
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ͼ֮Īǡϻ֮أϻģƺҲδֹĳӡ
ЩʱҲתǷһ̣ȻɫһĿɨԶĳɫӾۼ
ڴʱһɲߵѹЩɫ·
䡱һ죬Ǳߵ˿¶һڵѷ죬һĺӰһܶԾա
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һʮɳľͺɫģӣĺɫӴ£ֻͷȴȻһЩŤεף
˾޳ɫӲɢһȦȦɫĹ⻷䷽һ֣ܵĻɫƺܵ˺ܴĳһ
ɱɱɱ⣡
Ǻɫ޳׺һ䲢Ǻԣŷצӣǰջȥ
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ʮĺɫиֶʿڼȥ֮δ㿪ĺɫӣȻֱӱһΪ˹ȥ
еĻ߼ˣɫ䣬˫æһְ仯·ĻɫʯϣâһԭһȦȦһ֮£һͻɫɳܣʿ֮ǰ
һʰ󣬻ɫɳܾһѶķей롣
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ҺʿֵסЩɫеںڹ˸˲䱻гء
ԭҡҡ׹̱
ʣĶʮҺʿɫףҲ˵ٵֿʲôһɢɢӶȥʿҲ⣡
գۼ䣬ֻмһɫͼʯϷŵĻߡ
˷ЩĺɫȻЩʿʹȥȿֺ
һʱ䣬Һ
ʣĶʮҺʿգۼһûڵĺɫӴ֮С
еĻۼȥɫ԰쳣ȴɿдʣִһķһŵû·ʯС
¡¡ʯʱεض𣬴иֳһֻľӰоһɫϼ⣬һԶ۷ȥ
ڵŨüڻֻɫ޳ɫһСǰһףһ֡
һ죬һĢ״ɫŸֶʮֻɫ޳С
ţһҵɫۣһ⣬һ򼲳۶ȥ
ʿҲ׷ͨԱķʽ˰Χвٺɫ޳ɫ޳棬׷ᡣ


1120 ѹ
ʣĵͽʿûôˣȻҲҪͼ߶֮ززͷɫ޳ȴѺֱײ˹޿һţ³һƬɫζ塣
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Щͽʿûüܳɫ壬׷װڻ
ڻŮӣӵ˼֣ɫβ˱Ƭɫɫ˲ʧȥԣӿֱֱ
δಡಡƿվ˷âһ£ʮɫ˿ʱסֽš
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޳һк¶׹Զߡ
浤ӷӰ˿ѻһСŻҹ⣬һĺڻɫ㣬ǽ׷ȥĺڻɫ޳棬ֻǱ˺ܳһξ롣
໣
޳һȻһ֮£һĴӵϵһڹ⣬һӰ߷ȥ
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䷽һ뿪ûã֮УһëȻ졣
ţ֮ǰĻƺɫ޳棬Զӵзӵ֮࣬ա
Ϊ׵ͷɸߵĵɫ޳棬ɢϢȻﵽ󾳣

Զߣ߷ԽԽɫ޳棬Ǵ󺧡
ٶ㹤Ҫ׷ˣ
Ŀ˼ºƺ˾һ㣬һ߷סΣתһſڣһСɳһת˸¥С
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ڤǾѾǿһν浤ʱõ˾壬񲻹ٶѾ˾׵ĵزרĸ߽ʿ֮ҲĪˡ
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ɫ޳¶һ˿ȻΪɫȻȻһתצʹһݺύķУݺץȥ

һ˿ЦһĻһӰʧԭء
ɫ޳һץպ󣬷һ䣬צĳɫצâץȥ

һɫӰצâһȴɢʧȻֻһӰѡ
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徹ͬʱһֻݴСɫͷӰһ¡
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Ҳ໰һ磬һɫϼϯڰеһ£ΪһţӰ
ţƺ˷ܣȲ³һǺɫ޳ͷʬһص̽˸С
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¼Ȼûд󰭣뿪ɣǳ˸Ĺֳ档һۻߣƽ˵
ԲҶﻷʮϤģǰ·ɡԣŻعϲ֮˵
㷽ܾ޳һ˼ڸԪ·۰ɡˣһһɫۣԹԵһԾϡ
Ȼˣ±㹧ˣһ˿ԥһ뵽ԷʩչʵĻʲôɣֵлͬһε̤Ϸۡ
Ҳǰ
һ
۶ʱƲо֮£һĳǰ۶ȥ


1121 ɽ
֮ϣֶųʶ̽ŷԲڵ
˵ܾķ޳Щ죬ƺ뵱Żֻемơ
ʱ칤Ҷ˵岢½壬ĳǿ塣
ƾò׼ȷжЩ޳ǲ˵࣬˵ĻɾЩˡ
뵽粻
۵Ľ֮УµĻ߼һԲвЩ
ĵأĴôҲʿͻȻֽԼ£֪кĿġ
ڻԥ֮ʱȴڴӷǰװĿʵĴŴ磬Ӧ˰ɣ
ǰһɳڵĳϡ֪մԣæֻش
ǰչֵʵʵǿ֮оηмӡ
ԭǻɳڵĵѣ̫΢΢һЦĻص
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Ҵ˷ֻ֮ģ˵صѴ˷ڴЩģ˸漴һתʵ
յָԭ²ֵӸɽ˻ϵģû뵽·ȴܵΧɫЩȻ˵
ɽ
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֪޳ԶǰЩҪ԰㣬лʵǿľ޳棬һ㲿ȵֵġ˷ǸȥɽҲڴϷԸģмʿټͬӦ֮ߡиУһɵȫûʵȥɽһϢ㱨šǵҲܹȥҷʵһֵġ⣬⣬ϻطЩֳŰȻͨˣҲвСΣյġ̾󣬺Ȼһת˵
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̫ŵӵݣڵȵʨӣȫɫ΢΢һ䡣


1122 ټ
ԭ㣡
ʱұߵĽŮȴƺʲôŭһһ
һݣپһȻѹ˲Լ

ߵĵü߼״üһִһƬɫɳһֱֵӽִ㵵һһץ
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1123 
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Щ۵ףü΢΢һԭһЩΪȻ֮ģʱ˲١
ˣĶˣΪ˴λ˵ټ֮ͲٷϻʲôˣټλˣΪӦЩȻƽ޳档ճɫһ˵
ǰϻĺȻ˴֪棬ڳ֮˶֪Щ棬ϻ֮أҵȶûκЩ棬֪е鵽ʲôϢ״һ췢۵ĿͻȻվճϹʵ
һڳ֮˶תͷ˹ȥ췢ɫ˿䣬ֱֱֻĿŷճϡ
Ŀں췢ӹ΢΢һ
ԨȻһ浤۷ʿһ͹쳣ƺĳ
ԭǺɽĵѣѲʣȻҲЩ鱨λһһ˵ġճ΢΢һЦ
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ûбˣЩдҰģ϶ֻµĹģضаٱǧĿǰľ޳ƽǾۼڴ˵ЩʿԵֵסġ
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½ʷϣҲֵӣһξħ֣˽綪ʧһ½Ȼڳ֮˶δӸҰʷУʱȷѪꡣ
λҲ̫ģսĿԻǺܵ͵ģոյֻҵȵƲ֮ԣûʵ֤ݣЩֻżȻƽ˵أҲûпܵġڷճϽڳ֮˵̬۵ףһο˵
ճϴԣڳЩʿɫÿЩ󲿷Ȼɫء
ʷǰкδ㣿췢ɫ򶨣ʵ
ҵѾԭصĴ̫ԮغܿͻԮһ棬Һͼλ֮󣬾ӦҪг־սľ򣬲ϻͬˣͬʱóɽĵƣȻ˺ӻռ̣ΪԮȡʱ䡣֪λΪΣճϻΧĿɨʱ΢΢һ٣ͬʱ˵
һʱ׷
ھۼڳɽʿȻԳڣɳڣȣͽĸڵʿΪڳ浤ʿڶСЩһ𣬾ѷɫĴֵ
ʱճϵʿûгԴߴʲôֻǾĵȴš
˺һᣬеڽͣЪһԱ֮£ڳ˶ͬ˷ճϵ顣
Ͼϻ֮Ѿݲ£ôս𣬱޿ɱܣĴӴձƣϳڵڣΪȫһЩ
ûе֮ͬˣԼʣ̫ϳϵɺҲһһӦ
ãǷĳڴˣлλѵĴ֧ˣճϴϲ
˴ͬˣΪ棬϶кܴߡ
йͬ˵ϸݣλöڣҵ߾Ⱥúһ¡ճɤӺ󣬼˵
¶ȻζɫȻֵ飬˿Ȥ
°ͣĬĬŵŴ˵һЩ
ʱ󣬾һۣƾ˳ڷ糤Ϊ̫ϳΪ⣬ûֳٽ
ȴ糤ľټΪ̫ʱˣЩЦ
һֱϣɢȥ
ҲǼҴҵ󣬸ÿһλ˵浤ʿ˶סõסΪʡ
һͷԼס֮Ļ鶼ûвμӡ
֮
ɽһڡ
˿ϥһʯ֮һ£һƬī
Щͣı״ĺҲʱʱ
ͻȻһ˫ֿٵĴ˲ͬˮһӿУɿ˫ۣһӰƮ˶⴦
ѣдˡһӣػɫۣΪڻ£ȰͻȻǰɫһϽ
ǳɽĵӰɣӦʲô°ɣŶԷһɽķΣüͷһʵ
ǰӷ̫ϳϵǰǰǰҪ顣ػɫӣϽ˵
֪ˣȥɣ΢΢˵ͷ˼˵
ǳɽۼˣ˫ֳһȭɫĸȥˡ
̧ͷȥһ󣬱뿪˶Ϊһ⳯ȥ
ʱʯ⡣
ʱĴ֮ڣλʿڴ֮ϣ촽΢ͣʲô
֮⣬жʮ浤ʿ࣬żλʿĻ
λǰ˫һǰһ
û뵽ô͹ˣض񣬵ǰ˵ɣ糤һЦ
ɳڵüʨ΢΢ͷ
ֻн棬˫ĿҲûʲô쳣ٶ
֪λǰǰʲô飿ۼˣߵڶʿǰƽʵ
ոյõ̽ӵһҪ鱨뼸λ֮£¹شԽټǰ̴ơȻҲˣҲĲˣǲʼɡ糤ϲ˼Ե


1124 ɳ
ԣһȴǲɫĵϴˡ
ڴ¹ش󣬱ҲͲĨˡ̽ӸոմĿɿ鱨ڣ޳Ѿﵽ˰֮ࡣǴռѷΧƺʮദСһЩѷ죬ԴԴϵĴµ塣糤ɫһ࣬˵
䣬ʿ붼һһСɫ
ʱҲһۣݻƵȻǰһֵʵǰ˶׼ȷλãǿգ
Щƺıʲôûֱӹ׷ϻɳĮСЩ򳹵ɽȫƽ;вκֵֻܹҪʮʱִܵ˵ˡ糤Ͽһۣ˵
ڳŴԣʱһɧ
λǰټҵˣֻΪ˸֪ҵЩŵϢɣѾˡӦ֮ߣȴһҵ֮ǰѾ˳ϣ˷ټλˣΪ˸֪ҵġҦ֣ȥΪڵ˵һǵӦԼƻɡ糤Ŀһۺת׳ü˵
˵Ŀʱ׷˵üߣһʱԵ֡
Ǻǣλʵ˽ţѾõϢطԮѾ·ˣҪľסɽٻжɽȻվأͬʱǿ˳֮£Ҳǵ̫õġʶҵ׼Թأȡʱ䡣
ҵʿɵʮǵ
ǰ˾ѻʯ
ҿ绹ǳüسɽ
ҵȷɢ뿪ܱһ
һȻ¶˼
ȻҲЩɻ󣬵ȴûп˵ʲôֻǿŻɳڵüߡ
ྲ
ڴʱһӵŭӵֳΪ֮һ
ȴȸʨվ˫ĿԲɵɨڳһۣͺȵ˱ԸǲԸڴҵһͬ飬ҵȾǿġȥ⣬廷ţΣķմӴ˵ȥߣԸҵȿɹܲˡ
ڳԣ
Ȼ֮ǰ²ϣ˿֮ʱ˫Ŷͬ˶һ㣬ûŲһ
ܺãȻλԸ£ǱͬҵĶԵ֮ˡҦѣ˵ɡʨڳ˱龡۵ףһ˿׾Ц̶ת׳ɳڵü˵
ʵλЩҦĳ˼ˣҿûдôȥͬЩһսġü߳΢΢ͷŲæļ˵
Ҧϵ˼ǣڳЩͷˡ
֪λ֪ɳա֮˵ü΢΢һЦ
ɳգ
һδɳ̫ϳἰ⡣
ɳաҲǲɵ̨ϵüȥһ˿ɻ
ش˶֪⡮ɳաģϷڴԼ׸һ¡ɳգϻĴɳĮʮһļɳÿһγ֣ܳһ֮áڼɳĮнһƬɳʯյ磬ʹ浤ʿҪ봩ԽУҲΣصġϷ㣬һεġɳաһº֡ü߿һۣ˽͵
ҦϣĪɳֻЩɳܶһЩţͬұʿսɣЩӿǼӲһɳô죿ݻƵ꣬ɵ
λֻ֪һ֪ɳնɳԷ󣬿żǿЧġҵںɳյ֮ǰϻĴɳĮĸͬλͬʱһɳ󣬾ͿһϻĴɳĮĳסеʮ֮˾ŵĵͽ׾޳档㲻ȫɱе壬شʱ赲ȫ԰쵽ġü٩٩̸
ԭˡס
ʿҲͬȻ
Ϊ˴սڽ׳ɳ«ÿһɳ«洢һɳԽʹµɳ֮ÿһɳ֮ʿǧʱܳɹЩɳ֮ʹͽһϡ
˵˴üŵɫһ䣬һ֮£һȭͷСĽɫ«ġ
ͨתһ֣ƺΧĿһ㣬ǧ֮ء
Ҳ໰һֳһɫ«ʱֶڰеתһӺ«һ
ʱһǿ֮ɳϢ֮б˷ϯȥ
˫Ŀ΢΢һе⣬һ˿Ȼ
Ȼǰһ⣬ǵü߿еġɳ֮ˣֵ˲䣬͵һһƬɳĮĴ
ɳ֮һԪˮм֮˼
û뵽Ҧ壬֮˳һսܴɹЩֻҪ֮УͲˡʨӼ״ƴЦ
û糤ϴǰ˵ģϻĴɳĮνǵأ˵ɳĮȫռݡҦϣڴ˵£ҪȫǱԤص㣬Ҫ㹻ʱڲܴŵ·ٰȫ뿪ɲǼ֮°ɡͻȻһԿڵ
йһ㣬Ҳɷġ½ҵԳһǰȥȷһʧüǿ߶һۺ˵
һɽҪ󷽿飬һʱǺãһ࣬ɽĺ췢ʵ
һ㣬Ѿܷˡҳɽ꣬ʻЩ̵ģҵȳ֮ǰῪڻɽ󣬼ǰȫһʱҲɽ롣糤ϺԥĻص
ĻҵҲˡ췢ԣɫɻ
˵ĹǺ󣬽һУˮɵˡ
ʿڷ˸Գǰķ󣬱ѡ˼е浤ʿ
ϾʿʿȻֱҪС
һּۻۺ󣬷糤˳ŵڰϻʿɲ󣬾ͿԷ̫ţ⻹Ӧ³֮󣬸䲻
һ˼֮£ͬѡȸʨĶ顣
Կռ䷨ĲΪУֱʹôǰѾ̫ʵˡ
󾭹֮£ڰºʼڡɳա֮ʱ󾳵λӳŸԶ飬ɳγɵȻǱ뵽ڵص㡣
Ļɳ֮ҲܽɳεİȻ뿪
ƻһʧҲٶĸ뿪
һʱסڣĴ


1125 ĮǱ
º
յĸϹɽܵɽԵش泯ϻĴɳĮ򣬽޽ʮССıݽĵΣһķء
֮ϣһӶʿȻĴѲӣݵĳǽÿһξῴһ͹󣬴ͷɢǿҵĹâ
вʱƮ⣬ϸ֮£ǷθĸʿһЩʮ˵СӣԮݣһпȻ
ЩҪ鹦ϻͬ˵ĽʱƶƵƣʹԭЩɽҵľƳ
֮⣬ΡĳɽɽʼȻһɵĹĻ֣ĻµķתͣԶԶȥʣɽڵһˡ
һɽıϣһɫĹâԶɳ۶ڰһ£䵽һγǽ֮ϡ
ڹɢȥ¶Ӱ
ǽ֮ϣʿʨ𣬻ʮʿѾվ
ʨǰλѣǸΪһʱ䣬λڴ˾õˡ첽˹ЩǸ˵
ҵҲǸյ⡣ʨ˰֣˵
ʨԣվȷεĻڵӣ󣬷׷׳买һȻڼӣһһ
ȵˣʣ֮˷θ죬ӦϻĸصСʿ
һ׳˶һͷ쳤Ȼһ浤ǿߡ
ԴӡɽռǸɽޡ
飬ڣһ浤ʿǻڵӡ
ѼȻҲˣ΢׼һ¾ͳɣСѾһˡʨһº˵
ڳ֮ԣȻû顣
һ̣谵ĳɽϿգһ˻Ϊһ⣬һɫƴһϻĴɳĮȥתۼʧˡ

ʮһһ;ϻĴɳĮıԵ
ͷȥֻǰȻһƬһ޼ʵɳĮɳֳƺ֮ɫ˿ƬɳĮϣĿ֮һŰĿ磬ľ޴ʱ𣬿תߡ
յĺɫɳסһְ֮С
νġɳաʲô˼
ɳѾʼŰǿԽм̽鱨ӵķɳҲӰ쵽ĸ֪λҲҪ⣬һ·ϾϢϾ˴ִеǱ񡣺ˣ߰ɡʨת׶˵һ䣬һŻâ˺ɫɳ֮С
˶һۣ׷ʩչϵķͷһɳĻâʨǰȥ
һ·ϣʨǿɨ֮£ƿһһۼ֮ء
ŽĮλԽԽ룬ܵľҲű仯
ΪɳĹϵΧĹ߱ʮְͷ̫ǼɫɳƵôʿĻâϣһŽžž
˿̵֮ϣȻΧһ㵭ĺɱ㽫Щɳ뿪
ʿΪʨ˵ʹþǿҷķ塣
͵ĺɳ浤ʿûʲôЩʿʱһЩˡ
ǰʨͻȻͣסŲ׿ˣ˵ĳһӣһɫСᦡ
СᦹһȦɫ⻷ʨһСðһƬɫһǴһʿȫ
ΧŰķɳһЩɫţ뺣һ˲ʧ١
˶پһᣬЩڵӣǷ׷¶һӡ
Ҳ¶һ˿죬Щۣܲȴ赭дĸɳϮɢķ΢΢ڷɳ֮Уѱ
ɳᦣȻ㲻ʲôڷ棬ЧûǲġʨΧһۣ˵
Դϲ׷׳ʨл
Ǻú֮һսڵǡʨٺһһУɳᦾ˵壬ɳ֮зɶݶȥ
Ƭ֮󣬱ʧããɳ֮С

ϻĴɳĮΪʮ֮㣬˴գŽһ˴˴εĿĵء
ΪģɫɳʯǳһӭʹŻıҲʱķһ
˿̣Ǳøӽͣصн·ߣԱܿƵƵһЩۼء
ںɳڴ˴ѾʮܼٶҲǼ죬ܺõסһ˵м
ɳᦵЧʮʹ뼫棬Ҳû˴ĺɳ籩з˵ټ
һΣʮֻ޳棬ʹӾһ˲ԶɹҲûܷ˵Ĵڡ
֮УɫȻʱ̾Χ
һٷɹһʮɸߵľ޴ɳʱɫȻһ䡣
ɳǰһ޴ģӰѸٵĳ߾ֱƶٶȼ졣
˫ĿڹһĿ˲䴩͸ɳǵӰ
һֻߴ߰ɸߵľͺڳ棬֮ǰɱǸɫ棬һֻƺ΢Сôһ㣬ϢȻҲ浤档
˳ޱȣΪǿĺ֫һƺļǲʱ¶һЩɫ֭Һܵĺɳʱðɵ̡ͷֻΪͻ۾Ҫһʮֲֿ
ͷһľ޳棬һţȻ˲ǰ˼ʮԶľ룬ͬһ㡣ÿԾһζɳ֮ľ޿ӣΧ񱩵ķɳ˿ûжһӰ졣
ͷ޴ֵļΪͻȻܿǳѾһǰʮɴˣֻ۾һ˿⣬зһ˻ǿĺ֫һŵ棬λһڹ˹
ʨüͷһ壬һӣͷɫСᦹâһʢֵķΧȻʮͷҲ档
ٽ˳ɱҪע⡣ʨԼȴûг֡
ʿһһҵԪһ֣ע⡣
ʿԣ׷״ӦΧȥ
״ΧĻ˿⣬廯һɫӰͳ˶ȥһǰ֫ն塣
Ŀһһһģת۵޳һɫȭӰͷȻȥ
ȭͷδӴ޳棬һϢĳȭѹ˲һ
޳˿вŸֳһ˿ɫ䷴ӦҲĿ죬͵һҪ㿪һ
һ̣޳ȴŲ壬ɫȭӰҲӰΰƫ˼֣ǡֵͷϡ
޳󾪣ȭӰͷ­ǰ˲䷺һڹ⣬۳һ΢ĺ֡
䡱һ죡
Ӧƣ޳һȻ£һģź˳߰˲֮࣬ͷ­˲Ѫ˿


1126 
û޳סΣӰһһεĳǰ֮һ˶ĻͷӰĻХһŵ˺޷ͷ­֮ϡ
ꡱһ
޳Դʱͬϰֳ꣬ĵɫѪҺȪˮʳ
˫צһĿĵ˶䡱һ˵ϣ鴤˼֮ҲûϢ
޳Ϯ䱻Ѹײڶ֮ƻɱǰ󲻹Ϣ򣬰г˸ɾǳȭ죬ֻʣΧХĺɳХˡ
ʿŲո۽ûвֵأȻһĿɿڴʨҲ
ŵµ޳棬Ҳûе󣬵¼ͼڣһͷټţɫϼ˲佫ʬһصţӰС
ӰƼ£ͷ޳ʬ壬ʧӰˡ
һۺ޺ۼսĵͷջسת첽ʨڷȥ
ܽյ˾һͬʱȴܽԪƵСʵѵáȴĳͼֱ޳棿쳤ĺɽ׳֣һ˿ɻʵ
ȷżȻõһͼЩ޳ǡܹһġļ
ŴУ˱ἰԼĳͼΪʲôҶ֮ʮּɵӣһԣȻЧ뵱һ޶ͼС
ˣʱ䲻ˣǸϽ̰ɣȥ·;У»ܼˡ
ʨĴ˶
һ˷׷֣н
һεͻ¼֮һʱڣһ˵ٶٴηЩϾɳĮ˷дССۼһ٣вҪǰˡ
ȥУʨɳᦵĻӳ£Ȼ;һЩι״壬ȴоյĶȹˡ
㣬ڵյʱ֣һʮһʮɸߵɳߵǰ
ǰӦþҦܳһõصˡΪ׵ʨͣס˽Ųǰɳ𣬳˵
վһλã˳˵ĿǰȥǰХһɹ쫷绯ΪããһƬȻȸսĮʱҪ˼֡
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ʨԴƺ⣬ԹԵķȡһöͼڶͷһȶ֮£漴ɫСһһεĻһŻɫţɵǰɳ֮ϣڿеһת󣬻ƹţһ¿
תۼ䣬һɫ֣͸˵Ͽգһֶ£ԲɷΧС
ɫص˷ĻɫʱеĻɫУٴһӰ֮£ǰʨ
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̰˸ϣмһĴָɫĹ㣬𲻶ţΪ
Уʱ߳ʿȰɫۣ༸θ죬ֻжһ˻ɫСһԲ̡
ȻɳᦲɳӦڱβڼһжΪԷһ뼸λþ䡣ʨĦеİ˽̣Ŀ⿴浤ʿ˵
ʨǰģ쳤׳ȭ˵
ȻҲ׷ŵ漴һεĻĵݹ⣬ɫֵĸԵڶȥ
ʨ״̶ת׳ʿˣλλǿʼɡ
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ʿͬһ飬һεĳĸȥͣ˾ʨɴʼ
ʨˣпʼдʣһа˽һŻɫһ³γһЩʵɫţͷƯ
ɫԵһ߷ųʶעΧͬʱ۲
ڵӣѡľ֮ͨʦ豾Ͳǰܵ˻ɳҦϵָ㣬ʶ˸һ󣬲ʲô¡
ʱĹŻɫСͷѳΡ
ʱʨͷɫţȴʵԼɼһƬСɳĮС
漴ĸλİʿСͬʱһ裬ĸʮɴСɫָ˸Χ
ʱʨдʣʮָͷŽһ
ɫ͵һ󣬾мһɫϼ⣬Сͷһ
һĹɳѻɣڼ䣬ȴʼûз״˳˶ɵһ
úɳʨָӰˣɳֲ֮һ
Щ֮ʨͨ˻
ˣѾϣֻطɳ󲼺ãɿʼںˡʨȡ˽ֻ̣֮ϲ֪ʱֳĸǳͼǰ޹⣬ֻһöɢĹâ
ʨеϿһۣջĿ⣬ߵһԣϥʶɢʱ̸ӦΧĶ
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ʱһȥ֪ʨɳʵھȻżһЩڸûзִ˴״
ʨеϣöȺҲֻһöʼղɫʨ𲻽üͷסߡ
˼ˣҲϾֻϤɹſںϳɳɳ󣬸ɳĮе
Сʱ֮һö
ãɳѾϣ̷ɳ󣡡ʨ״ɫһϲ̴˵
ǰʦϵʮĬʼ׷״߶еĲߣ׼̡
һ֮󣬿϶棬ҪʨĿɨ浤ʿ˵һ䣬漴һ֣ǰֳ˻ɫ졣
Щ·һ㣬ʨΪԲĻ
ʨдʣ˫ڰ˽֮ϷɿĴͷϿյһƬСɳĮ˵һһɫֱʡ
ʿҲʼʮָѣһȫΪӿߵ֮УϵҲĵ
ڸ߿лһһɫĹҪͱɫɳʯһ㡣һʱ侹Ȼĸ߶ȣֻԵĸоܵɳƺе㱩
¡¡ŽɫΧɳХҲԽǿ
ɫ΢䣬˴ĶȻᱻ淢֡
ʨɫ࣬мѶĿھ˫ְͬһתһ⻷ΧŰ˽̽֯


1127 
ɫԽҫۣҷһĺХ
ʨзһ䣬һ֣ǰֳһȭͷСĽɫ«жʮɢһǿҵԲǴǰɳҦճἰľɳ«
ָһ㣬ʮɫ«˻ɫ֮С
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ɫиֳһƬɫ棬ʮɳ«档
ʱЩɳ«濪ʼ䣬¶һſżΪϸĽɳǿ֮ԷԴͷȻЩɳҲǻɳںķǧʱɳ֮
ɳڻ֮лڻҪȫҪʱӡ
ɫɳ֮âٴδʢ
ͬһʱ䣬һ汻ɳĻɽУһ޴쳣Ľɫӹڶֱ
ɽ֮Уͷ˿Ľվڰգдʣϴһ
֮ϣʮθʿɫصԴЩ֮ϻЩĺۼɽ֮ʯ޿ӱ鲼ʱܿһЩ޳Ķ֫
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ͻȻ䣬һͣһ֣һһɫľɳ«˽ɫ֮Уɫ渡ֳһĿĽ⣬Χɳӿ
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һĮ봦ͬһɫ
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󸽽Ѿѻ˺ܶʬ壬սѾһʱ䡣
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ɽճϺʮʿڹΧɫء
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ת֮䣬ΪģԲɵķΧڣΪһƬȵܻ𺣡
Ļ֮У׷׷ʹ˻巭䱻Ƶ죬ȻЩӲǣҲסֺ
ֻǼĹ򣬵һ𺣵棬㱻ûããĻ֮УΪ̡
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ЩɫòˣȻ˸ߵ¶ȣڵҲܲס
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Сģҵһס߽棡֮Уʨѵ˶
䣬ͻ

һͷɫ״浤淢һ˻Ȼһĺɫâ۳һĻȦ޴һŤȻֱӳ˻𺣣˷
ͷ浤棬ҲðĻâ˹
Щ߽巽һ̤𺣣ɫһ㣬Щ浤˹ȥ
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ת֮䣬⼸ͷ浤㴩˻𺣣˵˺ɫ󴦡
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Ҫٿ𺣶ԸЩ棬Ѿڲˣ⼸ͷ棬Ǵˡʨˣ̾˿ʿԸ
ʱͷ浤ڻУֻâһ˹
浤ʿȻҵͬ߶ķͷӭȥ


1128 ᧿Σ
췢׳һΣѵ˰Уһӡ
һ
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췢׳浤ʿӲͷƤԵѹ׷һסͷѪɫ档
ЩʿҺѪɫսڷ֮УʮâһǿסͷѪɫ档
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Ŀ⳯ΧһɨԭеȻһһɫϢֱѪɫ漤ȥһģΪʮ⣬նѪɫϡ
ﬣ
ѪɫϷһ𻨣ԿֽķâȻҲƲϵѪɫ׿ǡ
ϾɫһţԻƹһֳָɽ顣
ʱǰͷѪɫһѪɫй޹̷һ˻͵һſڣһѪ˲˷ԲʮɵĿռ䡣
ֻᵽһЩȳζͷ­΢΢ЩѣΣɫһ䣬ɽ鱬ɫȫķ겻͸


1129 ɽӴ
Ҫ֪ǹһ඾кǿĵֿԣڲһѪȻᵼԺѣΡ
ҪתڵĶһ⣬һѸٵתһܡ
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ԶԶȥΪĵķԲɣȻһƬƣɽĺΰ
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˿̵ɫЩףһβʮɽ飬״β˵ʱɽɽӴڷ֮ͬˮӵʧĳɡ
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һץְɽӰȻͷѹס


1130 չ
һĶʹɫְ˼֣ǿһһļһ⻯ţӰļһͷѹס档
ͬʱһһֶֽһʮɴСɫ޽޷ȥ
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շɳɣһֻ޴ƴһ̽䲻һץסѪɫͷȴһͷȻ֡
ͷѪɫ󺧣з˻Уһ·һͷڤӹϣŷצƴи塣
ϧЩڤӹڤˮɽûɣڤռ֮Уˮһ㣬ƾѪɫצڤӹϻһ˲ֺϵ˿֮⣬ûж˿˺
ڤӹͺһһֻһץסѪɫβȻϳ
ѪɫѪţŤڤӹҲŲϻζ
ڴ˿̣ŰСɫӸ߿һţݺѪɫ֮ϡ
꣡
Ѫէ֣ͷѪɫ嵱նףѪɢɽ
ȴͷв֪ʱסһͷ󵶣Ųĺɫˮ⣬ǰ⣬ͬʱ¡
ѪɫȻΪ浤ڵĴڣڤռ֮УӲʵʮڤӹΧ֮£һֻһֻɱ
ǰ󲻹ĹͷѪɫ棬㱻ɱˡ
ڤռɫ԰ףʩչΧķڷҲľˣȻ̷˲ٻָĵҩʱȻЩԲ
͵ʹϢ˼ִʮͷ˻â֮ѸСΪʮŻɽɻС


1131 ɱ
ɫһɣҪڤռ䣬ڴ˿̣ڤһɳһͷţӰǳͼڡ
Ŀһ¶һ˿ɫ
ոڸϹԮûüٻͷ侹Ȼ˹ҲڤС
ţӰƺʵ˺ܶ࣬ʵӰ
ĿڤռеͷѪģѪɫʬ֮ϣһ˷ܵţſһϼסһͷѪɫʬ壬ڵ˽ȥ
üͷһʳһ֣ڤռȻ壬ųӰһͬص硣
һΧɫΪ֮һɡ
ɳ󲻽Ȼɢ˱֮ǰĹâľ޴ɫУһֱ۴ϸĻɫߣûΧķɳС
ɳ֮ǰɳ·ŭһϯ
ɳΧɳģ
Χĳɫ𺣻ڣȻַ֮£Сһ룬ǽЩͽ浲档
ɳΧļսڼ
ͻƻ𺣶ʮͷѪɫ棬Ǳɱͷڤɱͷ֮ǰѹɽӴ֮еͷҲѾ˿ɳΧͷѪɫڡ
췢׳һ浤ʿɳ֮ǰȻѾ˺ֶۣξǿֵסͷѪɫ档
ʮɢӵĻʿ˿ֻʣ°˾ˣ˿óЩٴξһЩлʦ󣬲µʱƵҲΪǿֵסʣµͷѪɫ档
ЩҲǸˣήˡ
ѣһӰ췢׳¶˴ϲɫ
ޱ飬һӣֽһ⣬źЩʿһͷѪɫնȥ
ֻ⣬ȴֻɴС
ɫһ漴¶Ц˿ڷѾҪףʩչ֮ȻҲֻôˡ
ҪȡһЩָĵҩ£ͻȻһ
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꣡
һʮ֮⣬϶һѪۣѪ
麣֮пտյûз֧֣ٶȺȻ˺ܶࡣ
תһ֪ʱһͷСĺɫ档
η·һ㣬ϸ۾˸źâһһǰצǴϮ
ֻɫͲ󣬵Ȼһͷ浤ڵ棬֪ʱƻ𺣶롣
жʱһݡ
ɫ淢һ˻һݣΪһڹ⳯˶
ɫһ䣬͵һġ
һУһСɫЫӵǰЫ
һЫȲצһ棬˳ȥȻͺɫײһ
һͳ죬ָԵ
Ыԣɫһ߳ĺۼѪ
ͷɫС֮ϣһСΧһƬĺɫѸٵĳΧӡ
ɫ淢һʹ˻Ҫ
һһֻɴСţӰȰϿգһֻ׳ɫţŴƬɫϼݺ̤ϡ
ȴǳ֮ǰڤռлɱͷѪɫɸɾ˿ַ
ɫɫϼ£׿Ƿ֮ڻ޷֮˲䱻ȵ˵ϡ
һܼɫ淢һûм׿Ǳ弸ȳϣѪ罦
һֻţȻ̤ͷ­֮ϣһ֮𣬲ҽ֮Ȼֹ

״ϲ
ٻͼڣڿǵĵԵʣֻٻӰѣǴ˿̳Ӱ˴ĸ߽֮󣬾Ȼбðʵ廯ˣԼɢ˲ʿǿϢ

һҽдһԴȴһֻ浤洩˻𺣣˽
һʿͷ淢ֱӽ嶴ǧٿס
߰ʿԭֵһֻ浤ļ룬׻˼˵ķ
һͷסѪɫ棬ûƹЩʿɳ˶ȥ
ɫһ䣬һҪٿسţǰȥ׷ɱ
ʱʵĳſһ⣬ס˽µĺɫʵ壬ɫ֮лΪһţ˸С
ڴ˿̣֮һ⣬һůůķӳͼӿӿڣҷɿ麣
麣֮Ѿݽߵķɿĳӯ
ǡһ
ţɫһƺҲ˿УĳͼһҡҷܿɢǹɷҲ˲ʧ
Ȼ˿ڵķȻûȫָҲԭˡ
Ȼ֪Ϊλᷢ飬Σ˲ϸ룬һһģĺӰǰ
ȻѸƹʿͷѪɫ֮仹һξ룬Щˡ
ͷѪɫѾ˵ɳ֮ǰһţһһѪɫɳΧһ
ڴ˿̣ɳľ޴֮ϣһӰɳȻʨʿ

ʨŭһһʮɸߵľʨӰһֻ¥СĻɫʨƴϷɳѪɫ֮ǰ
顱һ죡
ɫʨ΢΢һ㽫Ѫɫ顣
ʨֱһӣʨӰһɫʨƱΪȭֱӳѪɫͷȥ
Ѫէ֣Ѫɫͷ­ֱӱ
Ӱһʨԡ
ʨǰҿļʱһ
췢׳˿ʨĳ֣Ҳ׷״ϲ
ɳϱҪ׷ټƬ̼ɣʨһ΢һͷһӣǸɫƿٴθֶ
һϮƿٴ³˴ɫ棬ΧĻ֮С
𺣻Ȼһȼֹͣԭһ˷۹ֽУڱ˻ǽ֮⡣
һкʨִĿ׹Ȼһֳһͨ崿׵Ķ̸꣬ɢ˵
ɫ̸һǴһ˸֮£ն˺췢ӵڵһͷѪɫ档
һμͷ½ֵȥ
ţҲһ⣬˹һƬϼѸޱȵľȥ
汻ϼһס׿ɢζʱһ͡
ӰһӰһεĳǰͺһϴǽڱ֮һƵȭͷͷ
һȻϣһĹƽԴȻһȭһ󶴣ɫԽ䣬Ӵջɣɳʮɣص˵ϣ˼£ˡ
ųһһͷѪɫ档
ͼǣټչֵǿܣѪɫ±㱻ɱţȥ
ͬʱһߣʨҲѾͺ췢׳˼ͷѪɫ׻ɱ


1132 󹦸
𺣵浽ΪֹϤɱˡ
Χʨкɫƿȫӳ֣ٴӿ浲סʹ䲻Խ
췢׳ͷһɣ׷¶˻ٺ顣
˵صһˣʨ𽫽ʮˣ˿̻ŵľһ룬ȵӣֻʣһˡ
һţƺвʵĵͺһȻĻΪһӰ粻Ӱ
λˣƴʹôûбƣҵֻ農ȴ༸󷢶ɡصɽʨĳԻʵˣ۹͵ġʨĿڳȺһɨ˵
췢׳Ͱԣȴû¶˶ϲɫǴĵ룬ﻹ˵
ʨת׿һԵɫһҪ˵Щʲô
ڴʱһĺ¡¡촫
һ׷Ťȥ
ɳľ޴֮Уһװľ죬·ʲô汬ըһ㡣
ԽԽƵ޴ɫִһ࣬ϵĳΧһɫϼ⡣
˿Įɸ߿֮¸ĻĿһ׳ľ
ںɳ籩ŰɳĮĸλֱĵľ޴ɫ˴˺Ӧӹмһɫϼ⣬ĳֹѸٵı֯γһĻɫǴϻĴɳĮĸ߿ա
ž޴мĻɫϼԽԽ࣬ϻĴɳĮϿյĻɫҲܼ
ǰľҲǰԾһ̣ɫһ䣬岻֪Ϊθеһɸ˺
ڳҲһ·ɳȻߵ˹һ㣬˺ɳ׷߿ȥ
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ϻĴɳĮĵͽ汻޴ڵ˽ȥ˲ûϢ
֮ΧҲһӵصĺɫ磬ǰۼһʨһɫֵı£û̫ܵನ
Χĵͽ֮ǰȴǺ޷֮㱻С
ĸ߽ڴ˵޷֮Ĺ컷֮УҲ׷׷ʧ˻УҲ˲Щ࣬׷׵תλһݹ⣬˷Ӷȥ
ܺãط˳ɳڳ׷ˡѾûǵˣ߰ɣʨ𿴵ǰ龰һϲ˵ָһǰĺɫƿ
Χĳ׻𺣻ȻһȻɢȥ»Ϊɫɳ׷׵أս˺ɫƿ֮С
ʨƿ󣬿дȻһ֣һԲɴСɫ⻷һֵסڳˡ
ƹһҡҷ˵Ӱһʧˡ

ͬһʱ䣬ĳɽȸ
Χ󣬸޷ɳͬĵһ㣬ɽҲ˽룬ʱȺĵͽб˽ȥ
޴ɫһһ޴Ӱײսನ˸ĵϣ׻һ޴ӡ
Χ˵ľߣӰӰ졣
֮Уһͷ߷ܶĽɫѾȫЩвٶǽм
Һãɳ˳ˡ
ĺڹ֮Уһ˰˶Ӱɢѹ˿ѷɫڽ棬Ȼһͷ󾳵ĸ߽塣
һ޴ӰײһǺһ꣬һɫâǰƾո֡
ɫâһģ˲Ǵ˰ٱϣΪһɴСľ޴ɫâһɫ绡ת
ָһ㣬޴âն˶ȥءһѿΪĿâ֮ǰ
˻ִһķӰһɫϼ⣬ס壬һɫݹ⳯Զɳ۶ȥһģ£ʧããɳ֮С

ڵĻɽ⣬һɫɫɳѸޱȵĴС
ɫ֮УסӰǳɽ糤Ϻʿÿ˶ãɫ԰ףһԪ˵ӡ

ͬһʱ䣬ϻĴɳĮһɫɳ֮أһŴĿâǰɶݶȥٷ˼Ѹһ˸£㵽֮⡣
â֮оȻκӰֻܿһɫֵĴڡ

֮һҰɫʷ۴ϻĴɳĮĺɳ֮м
֮УȻʨһˡ
׹һɳ֮ͣ
һĿ⳯ȥֻϻĴɳĮѾȫڣĺɫ·һ޴Ĵ֣衣
ɳĮһƬޱ޼ʵĺɫɳ֮УѾֲ͵ء
Ŀһ˸˴ɳ廯ʿУҲ޷ġ
ɳĮ֮еĵͽǣûֶΣӦѾһˡ
㲻У߰ɡʨ̾Ϣһִһɫۻһ⣬ųɽȥ

Сʱ֮󣬳ɽڵƽ̨ϣһರɫ۴Զ۶
ɽŴ֮⣬һڷεĻӴʮʿվڴ֮Ĺ㳡ϣ׹æӭȥ
ʨǰˡ˹Ķʨһ
ʨ𵭵ĵ˵ͷһ֣˷ۣҲվ˰ա
ʦλǰѾˣ˿ڴ֮СһĶ
ˣǶǿ졣ʨĿһ˰ʾû˴·ĬȻĸ˺棬ǰȥ
֮УʱȴԵЩ塣
ϵĳ󾳷ճϣĽ⣬浤ʿ
ʨѣǻˡʨһ߽վ
ҲվʨŵˣرǿӰʱĿ΢΢һ
ѣѡףôɳڵҦѣʨһȭ漴ʵ
ҦϻĴɳĮУͷϮشѾ֮СҺͽСҲյشʨСӣࡣҳɳղɣŽʱ롣ԷҪ֯˹ģĽҲõˡ糤̾һ˵


1133 
Ȼд£˵εȷʮաһ·һ֮ʹʨĳ˳߶ˡʨüͷһ塣
ԣЩȻ
ȻҲʹճɹ󣬵ȥʮˣԼ⣬ϤããĮ֮ˡ
ʨǰˣҲֻǾһౡ֮ѡȻΣʱ»Ҫȷ̫ˡ˼󣬾˵ǵĻ
һΪŵһЩôŲμǰжûҪͣ˼
Ҵ˷ֵ֮Զ󣬴ս֮ʱɳڵҲ䵽ٵĵزЩʵҲΪԼʲô
Ҳ֪˵ʱմҵҲʧء֮ʣܷٿһ¶һӡҷĳɽ֮ǰӦѵıһ糤æ
ۼʶֶεʨˣȻĵͷ
һĽȴޱһԲ
ȷʵвòŵɣλǰ¡һ£ֵ֮ʣ֮ðɡһ˿ûµ˼
һβҵĴսЩ֮ȻȴѾһֵɽ֮ȣԼСǸΪҪһЩģһѾ御ˡ
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Ȼ͹ˡһΣֻһڵͷӦ
ʵЩףǷ糤ϵڲЩʹ֮﷢£ȶģǿϢһõһ֮ʱ⳹ɽе˾ͻ߽ˡ
򵥵Ĵ֮ŷ糤Լһɽִ³һͬ˳ڵĲر֮С
ϵǣ⳹䲻̫Ŵ˵̫ȣر֮ȻǱḻö죬챦ʤúòĶ
糤ٴòȰ˵£ȴ⵽ĶȻܾ
ۼѾҲٲ˵Щʲô
ȡԼЩʹ֮󣬾Ͱݱ˷糤ϣ뿪˳ڣ̤˻̫ŵ·̡
ɽ⣬Ʈվڴ·֮Уһ˿֮ɫ
սһշת֮£뿪̫Ű֮ãҲ֪̫״Ρ
һˣһϤףԺ֮һ
йһֽԼ֪ˣǷѾͻ浤
Ϊʦ״֮һ󣬰û˿ϢأҲ֪Ƿ񻹼ǵԼ
дʦԴӶսһҲ֪ǷȻصɽ
֮Σ

ǧ˿Ƶ˼Ժвϸ֣
̾һһ·۾̫ŷ򼲳۶ȥ
һ֮һľ߹ģķ˳ǳϿգһ׹⡰ಡһһǸ·
ֵֻĳǳ֮УȴΪһ棬ɼһƬǽ徰ǿջ̵о֮أ̨ĹٸǶᣬϱڲԫ
ֵ㳡֮УĲʬź洦ɼҲ̶á
ǰѼϢһûЩ治ʿΪУͨķҲŹ
˵Ϯʿ˵顣
֮νͿ̿ݲ
ŻǷ˹ȶ޷⡣һ½鶼޷ѡ
ʹж־żȻֻ򣬶Ѿӵ½ط
ʶɨǳأȷ˴ûһ˿΢΢ҡҡͷһȷ۵ƿնȥ
֣һ·ĴҲǾ٣һСֻܼʹá

ºһ۵ĺ֮£ܼɺȺУѰʲô
˲ٴ۲ŴһشֻҪͨ󣬾ܻصɽˣٸϻ̫Ҳʱˡ
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˴ѵʯŴӴ˵ĳлشϢʹĲϡ
һյĹһӨľͰ֮£һޱȵĴ
һؿڣȡһ鵭ɫľʯķ˷ĵİ۴
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׵ˮһɺصҡҷͣźˮһ󵹹ࡣ
ֻýŵ׵ķһǰȻһ
ѹ֮ʱȻһɽ֮УΧһƬıʯ޷·
СķųʶɨܣȷԼһɽɽУɽԼʮ֮⣬д
ЩϤһȺֳ档
ܿͰһΪЩȻĿڶ࣬Ϊ׵Ľֻ浤ڵѡ
ȷûи߽׵֮һͺȣĺһӿͻһֻֻɫֽʯ
䡱һɽ˲仯УʯУӰһ
Ȼһ֣Ƭɫĳƣڹ
䣬ԼĪʮͷӡ
ʱЩͽķɫһֱʩչֻ֮ƣЩ޳ɱ漴߶ͼڣϢ󣬱ӵɽ֮С
ΪҪЩͽ׵ڻ¡
ηݳһ·ȴԽƵ
ãƾ賵һЩɵ
ɶ˰Ȼ˸浲ǰ
֮£ֻѡƵС

߽֮ºƵͿնС
˿̵üͷ粻
һ·ϼҲδ̫һ㣬ѵ̫Ǳ߳ʲô²ɣ
ɵľ
ԽһСɽʱȻɽһ棬ɱ죡
һæųʶԶһɨֻʮ̫ŵӣ˵Χһš
ЩӽʮˣΪ׵һ۵Ŀ꣬Σǽ𶥷ĳλϣΪӦ浤ڵӡ
ʮ𶥷ӣȴлΪ
һȺֳ棬ȴнǧֻ֮࣬ڻƲΰӣƳ⣬ڳڵĽ𶥷Χס
ΪĽ𶥷ǰЩΪҺڲȵ沢δռʲôˣΪһֻɫ浤ȴεĲסȻʮն


1134 Χ
ͷ浤Ļɫ棬һֻѣСɵӣβ𶥷һֱ۲ȦβļС̣вû˿ƤѪֱ
ͬʱвͿɫУͷļȥ
ڿȻһ޹費ǳûбֱӴճΣһתֱۻһƬɫȭӰĻɫϤ顣
жޣΧɫĲϳײ£ǺܿĻ˺ۣȻ˲ˡ

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β׿ѣһȭӡݸֶ
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浤ڵĽ𶥷֣Ѹײڶ֮ƣǿӲһһɱŵͽ棬սһٴηת˹
ЩΪϵ͵ĻӼǿԮ룬ҲǷ׷׾һͬ߷
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ղ͵ʹڤֻڻڳȺֱӺɨƬ棬óȺһɢӶȥ
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£ʦǽ𶥷Ӱɡһ㶼֣΢ЦĻص
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ǴתŵĵӣҺڵΪԴʮ㣡
ϽŴĵһˣ
ЩӳŽٺ˷ܾһһĵ񣬳˾η֮⡣
Ǻǣʦܲ⣬ǴǽдŽŵĵӣʦִ˵˵׹ˡһЩε˵
ʦֹˣһ뿪ЩͷŵԷأȴ֪ڷʲô飬һ·֮ظڸĳȺʵٵġ˸󣬻һתʵ
˵£˵ˡ˴ЩֳûвʦǻǱ߱˵ԣüͷ΢΢һ˵
Ȼᷴԡ
֮ͳΧ𶥷ӷԸһһƬƾոֶĽɽڷƿնȥ
֮ϣɫصſĻ
Լǰɽļ򣬺׵ĳһЩռѷ죬ţһЩͽ׵棬糱ˮ㲻ϴ֮ͨӿЩ˵ڶ࣬ʵ£ǳ׻ɱ˼ӣ㽫ĲˡֻЩʱתսȥһЩ˵Щ
ȻԷģȻ뵱ʱ֮һޣֻǵصɳĮɽΧ
һ·Ͽһ˼ҲȻ
˴ģ֣½ʷϿָģҲһġ½в̫Ҳ⵽Χطսʢˡ
֣漰½
һδǱߵҲǲ١ȴ֪ڶԴˣʲôԲˣѵЩȺɽǻ𣿡Ȼʵ
Щͽ棬ȻҲ֮ټӽ𣬵Ծû߲̫ע⡭Ѿѵɱʱ䡭
ռѷº󣬱д߽֣ر󾳽޳֣ñɳĵӣ˳ǵע⣬ȴΪʱǳ֮ʱѾﵽ֮࣬һԮ߽ӿռѷӿ˵͵ɫͻȻ
󾳽֣ѵûɳϽ𣿡üͷ΢ʵ
ʦ֪ڷֲʱϲȡӦʩ˵̫ͨԳ֣Ҳɱ˲ٸ߽棬̫ҪʩչӡռͨʱȴͨðͬϢˡ֮£źͳһȶ֮󣬱ʱ˻ɽ󣬻ټٻеӡξǷԽӦһڵӣһûñ㱻һײȫûˡҺʦܼʱ˵ֳһ֣мл
ʦֿˣҷͬţﱾǷ֮¡΢ȻһЦ


1135 ط
֮ʱʦڴʱڣŶڴս֮дʵġȻһЦ
ԣȻֻܵͷ
պɽԵһзɳ۶
ֻղһǰľɫȻһ䣬ĿһƬڣ͸⣬ɼһϤɽʹ˷
ϸ֮£ȴһ޴ޱȵĽɫĻƬɽĲ֣Ļ棬һ˶Ľɫתͣɢһɺ嫵Ϣ
֮⣬һɽ˿ҲɫĹϼִ֣·εһӶѲɽɽǰʱɹٲȻһ뿪䱸ɭϵľ
Ҳ̫֮ãһο˾󣬿һԶĻҪء
ڴʱȡ΢΢һҡͬʱĬ˼֮һ󲨶ƬĽɫĻ֮ϺȻһĿ׶
һʹİֱӼ۶롣
ڰȫĻһ̣ɫĻֺ϶ˡ
ʦ֣һҪϻؽ𶥷ʹ˱ˣӦúܿͻټġͶ˹֣Ц˵ǵĻ
˼󣬱Ŀһɽ𶥷Զȥ
Ƭ̺תͷǰϤɽͣһ˿пȻһΪһڹ⣬һĳȥ
һٷһƣͣķǰ
˿̣Ρͦķ壬ͨ屻ĺƣ嶥֣һɹɭȻϮ
ڰһһȡºǰһΣһڹ⼤ûǰ֮С
һںͬһһֵ¶һͨ˵һºƣûС
ʱ˷嶥ǰƽ̨֮ϡ
Ǻˣ˴ķĪ룡վһŨü꣬´һܵɲϢЩԾ˵
ĿǰŨüϣ˿ҲʮͣϴķķΣȴûмӦ뿪Щķġ
ҲķӣʦǷɽϣüһϵѹ΢΢һЦ˵
˵ʦ֣ĪǾǼʮǰ´󹦣֪ȥʦ֣ŨüԣЩŵʵ
ѵķ廹еڶ˽ûУӦ˰ɡӣЦЦ˵һ䣬ͬʱȡһɫơ
ŨüЩŵķųʶɨ飬ȷķŵƲٺ϶ʱ¶˴ϲ֮ɫͷ
ȻʦûڴʦԵƬ̣ǰȥͨһŨüһ֮󣬿첽߽˴
ԼĪңŨü𼱻ǵĿ첽˳
ʦٹķ壬ѾڴȺˣ롣Ũü˫һ󹧾һơ
֮󣬵˵ͷ깧Ŀ֮У̤
Ƭ̺侲׵Ĵ֮Уһ۵мϣŸո̤ŵݰŨŨϲɫ
μʦ𡣡첽ߵǰ棬ĳʩһ
ãããƽͺãˡʦ˵ڶʧ٣Ϊʦδ̸֪ʵ£Ȼˣ´һۣڸǲסüϲɫһ˵á֡
ԣͷɵһȡ
ʮ깤벻Ѿ浤ڣЩУ˲һָԱߵΣʾ¡
ʦӵڶ׷ɱ֮ʱ赭дĽԼڶ;ڤһ˵һЩ
ȻһЩ漰Լ˽֮Ǳ̸ܶˡ
֮䵽˾ڤ磬ϸֳľȡ
ϻĿ۵飬ûͼϾԼһˣ޷˳ķ½ġ
ȵ˵һ֮һ˲֮¡
û뵽֮Ҳ˶壬һƽˡ̾һ˵
Ӵŵһ·ϣŰټѵҪ½һۣ΢˵
֮£½ʷҲûзĴ̫£Ȼģ㲻̫ĵġƺñֵЩڵģ΢΢һЦ˵
ף΢һͷ˵
ˣ֪ʦںδѾ뿪˶֮սΣͻȻʲôһ㣬ֿʵ
֮սȷʵ˲ٱʣ˵⣬ȹҲۡ壬ԴӶһս֮󣬱ѰȻصšƳĺ֣ܰǧͷֵ֮ʣ񣬻δ顣鵭˵
ԭˡĿһûжʣ
һû˼浤Ϊϵʣ浤۷壬޵ҲԹȻǾḻϸϸΪһ
ԾջĴ󣬶֮ĵ·һЩʶ
Ѿ׵浤ڣŹѾֱΪŵشˡ֪̫壬㲻ǰȥݼţΪ飬Ҳ쳣æµ̫ҵġ鿴һۣȻһЦ˵
ףһ漴ֵ
ҪΪشӣҪһõϿɲܹ浤мΪڶеı֣ӦûʲôġЦ˵
лʦѡĿһĻص
ʱѯһЩڵŰݱ飬תȥ
鿴߳ıӰ¶һ˿֮ɫ̵ܽһشӣҲɫ٣ķ壬õŲСļ

һյĹѾ̫㳡֮С
֮ϵһнҲû˿仯ż߾̫ŵʿӶɫЩأһɫҴҵӡ
֪Ϊ֮£ָ̫ŵȷ˲Сѹ
֮⣬ʾƣҪݷš
ŵƺҲŹţȵĿһۺһתȥͨˡ
Ƭ֮ŵ˳һ񣬵ʦ֣ȥ
˵ͷһ󣬱˽ȥһȺ󣬱߽˴֮С
ʱĴ֮ڣѾˣ֮⣬;ȻҲС
֮⣬һ꣬һķͨף˫ֱƺ˵ʲô
ȵǣźͽȻվ࣬һ׹ģ


1136 ̫
Ųɫһ̧ͷ˹Ŀһ¡
ֱһϢϢһѹһ飬һֱ޶סĿֲо
ͨܣһ
ǰĻ꣬һָ޷ֵɲоֻ飬ĵͨϸܹƵ顣
麣Ϸĺڰ浤΢һתתſָ
йâ΢Ŀ´
վһԵע⵽˻飬ֿһ˿˼֮ɫ
ӣݼšƽһľ˫һ˷ʩһ
ٺ٣Ȼʦ㣬Ҿ˵㲻µģףѾ浤ˣ˻û˵һԵĽѾ¶ϲɫ
ʦ֣òˡת׿˽һۣҲһ
ʦֶ˶ʱڲɽ𵤣ܽڣ̫ʷҲɳƵˡˣضˡҲ΢΢һЦ˵
ˣҡվֱ壬Ҫٿ˵Щʲô
Ȼֱ̧ۣڸһץ
˲һһâһ֮֯£һڰƣ˹
δѾеһѹʱΪ֮һϣѪҺͣ͡
ɫ䣬ҪתȫֵͻȻһɵ
Ҫκηֻ֮С
ͷת͵һҧͺһ֮һǱļ˲ŷϵ·߸߳˲Ǵ˽롣
ȣ
һȭӭͷץ˺ڰ׾ơ
顱һ죡
͵ظֳһƬˮһȦȦĿƣܷɿɢȥ
ʹǰһ֮УҲ͵һ£ڵڽʤǽڷֻǱһָˡ
ɼ֮ķ£ֱӵ˳ȥֱصײ˱һǽʱǿͣ
ȻˣҲһƬ죬ֻɤһһѪӿҪ˳¶˾Īɫ
Դӱ塢ЩֿڤǾ֮ǿᣬѾԶԶͬȼʿ
赭дһģͲ㱻һˡ
ˣȴֳһ˿Цݲֱۡ
̫ϣ⡭˿˻꣬Щɵģ
ȴһ˿ζ֮ɫ
ڷٵת˼ȦƵĸоʱɢ˺ܶࡣ˵ĻеЩȻ
̫ʱȻмͨܵŻ֪һ
̫λͨܣһΪˣѵǰòꣿ
ģҸղֻ΢һ¡һĵܹˣЩǿǵĹЧ°ɣһ΢΢һЦָһһȥ
æֽסȴһŵɫĵҩɢĵ㡣
ĳлһ
ұˣ޾Ͳȴٶʲôת׿ˣ˵һ䣬ԹԵƮȻ뿪˴
̫ϡ
ͺͽ˼æ͡
ţղλǰĪǾ̫֮ͨһ㳤ϣȻ뿪󣬽ҩߵ˺ͽǰһ䡣
ʦܲµĲͿһۣٺһЦ˵
㲻ؽ黳̫ϸոֻǳ̽һǿȣûж⣬ԵɣһġЦһЦ˵
ŽһȻ˵
йŸһ£ö˵ҲѾ֪ˡ½ڵĵӴϢ½¡̫ΪĴ̫ڣЩ޿κΣɴ˱طˡ䷢չȥ˵Ÿ³½֮֡ĿһЩص˵
ڵӵȷ֪һЩɡüͷһӦ
ѾвٵЩУŵļλ֮ͨƶһȫɽļƻһҪ񣬱ҪһΪߣ֮ǳǿĵǰȥִСƽ˵
ɫ΢΢һ䣬˽ĻѾµ˼֡
ԭڱѾѡ˼λشӣں̫¡̫ϸոһ۱㿴㣬Դ񣬿ĪˡЦĲڵ
ԣȻ¶˿Цɫ
Ȼ㳤ϷԸȻƴǵģֻǲ֪Ǻ񣿡
ʦֶϴӦ£ٺòƻ¹شֻеʵʩʱܸϸڣһȥ׼һ£ƻúͽʽʱԻ˵һС˼ӦҲΪˡ
Գһ£ջǵ˵ͷ
ʦֶ˷ǰҪΪشӰɣ˴񣬱㵱شӵɡֻҪ˳һشǾܲ˵ģңʱ򻹻͡Ŀһֲۣ˵
лţӱضȫ񡣡һ˿ϲɫһ
˵˵ͷҲ¶һ˿Цݡ
Ҳûжܿ͸Ƕ뿪˴
Ӱ뿪˴ֻʣ˺ͽˡ
ʦֶܹε𣿡˺Ŀ˵
ôʦֻ㳤ϵ۹⣿΢΢һЦ˵
ˣε񣬲ȷ̫࣬ǵʵܹɵġҡҡͷƺЩĵ˵
ٺ٣ҵǶʦʮ㣬ǰŻỹϽ棬ʦܴܶԣνıε񣬿ûбʵѡˡ͹һЦ˵
ϣ˰ɡ˳ĬƬ̣̾˿˵

صķټһΣѯһйش֮£ԴȻûϷ飬һһʮĺ˵һ顣
һ񣬲ƺҲԴҲ֪顣
޷֮£ֻõȰ֮ѯˡ
̸һ㷵صԼĶ
һ¡¡죬Ż򿪡
ǰ龰вЩꡣ
һк뿪ʱֺδ䣬ֻǶĵϣһҳԵЩį
ڶתһȦϸɨһ󣬲߽ңϥ
һ··ֽμսȷʵеЩԪˣúõһ
պڶҴȻһɫ⼤ײĽϣ˵
۾һһӣһڹס˰ɫץУһץѡ
ǰһԴϵĻ˳˵


1137 ϼ
һ߳˶Ϊһڹɽ巽ȥ
һյ蹤㵽̫⡣
ֵǣƽɭϵĴſڣ˿һӰҲûУڳǲͨһʱڶ
ɡ
ԣ˶ƿ˽ȥ
ϴεĴ֮ϣյֻһվûп˵Ӱ
šĿһߵǰһ
ضˡ
´һۣһӣ΢΢ͷ

֣ת߽˴ҡ
æȥ
ʱ˱㴩һȣһΪƫƧƫ
ˣĻҲ˵ˣʱ׼ɽļƻѾ׼Ĳˡսɰ񣬻Ҫȡ񡣡ƫеһºҲûзϻֱ˵
ʾ˿˵
һһȭͷСһڰУŶ˵ָɿָ˼¡
ʱڡһ£ţһͼӰֶʵ
ȥͼɽĵΣıע˼ӿĿռͨ;ۼ֮ء
ŵӶ෽̽飬ɽĿռͨɽϼ壬︽ۼҲࡣλ֮ͨ󣬾һټϼ帽档ֻҪ棬൱ж࣬طͳɲˡ˵
˵ͷû˵
ϼھۼѾ֮࣬Щ̫ŶȻʲôĿռͨΪΪ˷ֹͻȻ֣ҪǱ뵽ǿʼʱһܹռҵıǴռͨʩסĿһ˵
Щѿ
Ȼµ񲻻򵥣û뵽
˵ҪǱģȻȴᣬʹرסռͨ
ѾΣˣֱˡ
鴦õϢʱ̫ͨϱ˵ĵط⴦ϼ塣
ţˡԽݵ֪ϼռ֮ͨУͨڣǲ٣Ӳһ浤ʿοƤǱȥ˵ʩסռͨˡֻת˵
żȻ񽻸㣬ȻôǰȥһöӰǱͨƵ˷һʩչֻҪ÷ͨҲ޷ײҴ˷ԽΪߵʩչЧԽǾˡʹôĻǱϼӦòˡһ֣ȡһöƴС׹˸ķ
ԣɫԻ
ЧֻҪСһЩǱϼ廹Щյġ
Уκηǵע⣬Ǳȥֻ֮ͽķһ·֮ϷҲֻܿսپܶ˿ķᷢʲô飬ӦҲ֪ġɫصĽ
˵ͷͬʱЩȻѹҪһǿ֮
ͨ飬Ҳõģһս̫Ի跨ûʹ쾵סͨͿˡ˷ȡһںľӣͬöӰһݸ
ˣҲֻܹ˫ֽ˹
ӰȣʱһЩΪѶķۣʶ̽ȥӦ̺һɼΪɬ
һ쾵￴ò֮΢΢˸ˮһĹâ
ĿɨһۣƿĲ̺֮һɼΪ񱩵Ŀռ֮
һԵıرǻ쾵ֻܹһΣһҪպʹõʱ˿˼ӣ˵
ǣˡֽУ֣ص˵
ã㴫㼤֮ೢպáºҵȾͿʼʽж˵˵ͷ쾵ļ֮ϸ渵
ʱֽһЩϢ·õŵĶ󣬱㽫ͳҡ

ºԶ̫żһɽ
˴ӦһƬɫ֣˿ȴΪ֮ǰսʣ޼һȥ˺ܶ౻ľ޴Ӷ
ԶżƮļƺƺ˵ոշһСս
֮£һɫӰһȻ
˿̣ͬǱĺڱһ㣬ңԶһɵɽ塣
ϼڣɽ屻һȦȦĻɫ֡
ڵѾۼΧ
ӰǰʼԴ֮£̫ŵĵӱ㲻ϵϼ帽ᣬѾǧ֮࣬Һ˺üСģս
ףעӶǱ롣
һˣдʣһ⣬ܿ쳯ȫӶȥܿ˱㻯ΪһʵӰϢĳϼ巽ȥ
ΧʱʹöӰƾĳͼڵͨΧĵͽ塣
ӰȻǴ˷Ҳһʱޣ˵˷Чֻάһһҹ
˴Ǳ֪Ҫ೤ʱ䣬Բ򲻵ѣǲ׶öӰƵġ
Ӱɽ֮еĸڱ֮ٵԶȥ
ڵķȫأֻƾǿĿ·
֮·ٶȻ鲻ȥһʱ֮Ҳǰ˰
ڴʱǰһͳ˻֮Ű
Ϥüͷһ壬һһʯ֮¶һĿ⣬ǰȥ
ֻǰʮֻɫʳһЩ˵棬һͷڼ峤߰ɣϢȻ˻ڴԲĳ̶ȣڲϵʳУϢڲǿ
Ŀ΢΢һһҪ·ȥ嶯һ֮󣬺ͣ
һ·֮ϣҲ˲壬ǵͽ棬޷ټ
浤ܷʶƳͼڵЧһֱûгԹ
»һᡣ
ﻹΧﱻʶټҪҲܼ򵥡
һˣ˴ʯ֮Ǳ
ͷڼһҧһͷ棬ݵĴһţͷȥ
ڼһźڹ⣬һǿϢɢȻͻ浤
𡭡ڼзһͺΧɵԶԶ˿ηĿͷڼ档
ڼ˻һƺԴΪ⣬˹Ľ˵һһ˽ȥ
һͷҲ˺ڼĶӣڼһڣϼ巽ȥ
ڴ˿̣һžવ죬ƺһʯͷ˵ϵ


1138 ľ
ɵĺڼһ٣зһͺ𣬻ȻתһȭͷС۾ķȥ
м޴ɽʯҵĶţڼϸƬ̣û˿ķ֡
Ƭ֮ˣ棬ܿ뿪˴˴
뿪֮һ޴ɽʯ֮¶һӰȻ
Զȥķ¶һ˿Цݡ
Ϊ󵨵ȡõĽʮ⣬˽ľ֮£浤嶼Լ޶ãͼڵЧЩͬЧǷ
Ҳ˵ֻҪ÷󲿷ֵ޷мˡ
֪һһϼ巽Ǳжȥ
·;УȻԽܼҲٹĨǣ浤µСģ壬ֱϢĴԽ
ģϴ󣬻Ϊ浤ϵ壬ҲóȻ֣΢һ֮󣬱㰲Ȼȹһ·û̫ӡ
֮;޷һڳɽУһӰϢһɽڻ
Ĺ⻺ɢȥ¶Ӱ
һɽϣߵͲһ޴ɽΪվã类һЩɽϹľʯסʮ֮߰ˣ͸¶һ϶ȥ涼ǺڳһƬס
˸ߵӲҵɽΧɽ֮ϣһΪµټ
ĿɽϵĶ֮ϣĿ΢
ںܾǰ̫Ͻһ߽ʯڣǧǰѾɿݽߣһֱ
˸ĵͼ⴦һӣֱͨϼڡ
һһת׹һһƴСķУȻöӰ
зɿдʣִһӰɢһȦȦ͵İɫĹ⣬ϡ
ֻеһɼΪʵůӿ壬΢΢һʱΪһ֮塣
һ֫жʱֳһֺĸоȻվǷ·Χһжһ㣬һԼռ֮С
ͨķȻͬ죡૵̾һ漴һһȥ
Ѿָ߽ĸʼȻΧûиӦټѱ֮ûУΪǾʹöӰ
ڿ֮нһ󣬷ͨ˴ǿĺۼͨȴ󶼳ŵ졣
ƾŵͼеļ䣬ſȥ
Զʱܿǰ·ϱһЩʯͷڸסƾĵͼ·ߣ˿ûӰ쵽ǰٶȡ
ȭȥʯӦ飬һ˹ȥ
Ȼʹ˶Ӱһ·֮ԾһСģһ·û壬һٷĹӽ˿ĵص
һǰһˮϢС
һ첽ǰճ
ǰľһϲ
ڵĿ£һʮɿĺϢĳԶȥ
Ǹ򣬺Ȼϼڵķλ
ϲɫһţһΣһâ˸һ˸ߵɫľͷС
ľӺľͷû̫𣬵ʶУɷһȦȦͬһķġ
ľͷжľ˸֮һ
ľһľ֦ûʲô𣬵һΪĹЧǾξʶ̽顣
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ۼɽûɽûѣ˿漴͵ҧ⣬ٴһھѪ˻쾵֮ϡ
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һԴ˿壬ִǰľ޴ɽȻ壬»Ϊʮɽ顣
һУżâһɫϼɿûһ޴ɫȭͷѪɫƺȻײһ
һıը·׽ը졣
ѪɫƺȻ飬ɽľȭȻ
ϸֳһ˿Ȼټһɽ鷨ӲǿߣҲ˿·硣
ڶƴƬ̹ĿռѷǵȻ޴棬ȡ֮ȴһϸĺɫ϶
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Ͼϼ壬ģȻѾɣǿ߼ȥˡ
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ߣ
ѪŭһѪһĻΪһѪ⣬׷ȥ

ϼɽɽϿգ̫ŵӺսѾ˰Ȼĵز
źԮļ룬ȻԶ̫ŵ֮ϣսб
˫ڸ߶սϣƽ
浤Ĵڵ巴̫ŶһЩ浤ʹñ츳̫ͨһڳֲķһȣ·硣
̫Ҳ׷׽˸ֲͬķڼҷǿȻ޷̫Ҳڲ֮ء
һս֮УʮŰµ̫ŵվڰ֮УΧһƣվǰһŮޣȻշƴŮ


1143 Ϲ
ʮȥŮҲ浤ΧİµӣȻ콣ŵӣɳͨҲλУΪҲвٽչѾ˻ڡ
շһУ콣еķɽ׷׹⻪ţʮһĽһ޴貽ǰȺ֮С
һδܣ֮˻һƬЩΪ߲ڵһ̱նΡ
ʦãû뵽겻ڽϵ˲٣ѾܹˡڴʱһˬʴЦӺ󷽴ȴһʿ˹
Щ֮һɫɽͼı־
˵֮Ϊ׵һʮģ׳ӣͭɫƤ֮ÿһ鼡ⶼΪܽʵͬһ㣬ƺ̺
ΪǿѾﵽ浤ڵľ硣
վһʮͷŮޣòͷϴһķüĴһ룬·һʺ챦ʯһ㣬֮ɫ
ŮҲһ浤ʿշһ浤ڵľ硣
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ŵһɽĳϣϹҲ̫ŵΪһ˫޷򸾡
ֻ˵ĺ֮㣬ϹΪ浤ڣǰѾ̫ˡ
ųŵһɽ壬кܴԭΪˡ

ڴ˿̣һƬƹ˹֮ǧͷ棬Ȼû浤ĸ߽棬ڵȴаͷʵΪǿ
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󷨣
ڰ״嵽˴˿̣ﻹ֪Լһʱ飬Ȼ˶Էõ֮С
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ŶǰЩС˴ӡһ˿ɫ
ʦʵǲǸ壬ԱǴ´ģǲΪģȽǰļһɡкһڼ壬ִ


1144 Ż
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ӰһԵķʱЧ޷Ϊṩκˡ

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ȻѪһ·׷Ҳڴ˶Է
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ǰ޴򼣬Żͷ˰ֳ档
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ʮִɫˮʮͷڤӹһݺύܼˮѪɫȥ
Ѫ״ȻһŤԱ߶
ĿһʮָһΧĹ֮С
ΧһӿڤռɿСѪڵѹȥ
Ѫ˻һĿԴ־ֳΧȥ
ֻԽŨķ׷Ѫ漷ѹȥһʱ侹ô˳ٶȴٶ
дʣǰһӣһķȥǻƽʿڿеһΣûͬһĻƽ
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ƽгͬʱ˲佫ѪΧм䡣
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1145 ֮ĸ
һӰһģһ̱ѪͷϿա
ţȭ֮ϸֳһɫȭףͺһȭͷڿһɫĻߣѪͷѪɫ֮ϡ
ķעȭͷ֮УͷʱĿâ
꣡
ѪɫϼȻֳһѷ죬漴ѿ¶һѪ˸˫ĿĶ

Ѫзһ˻ֻ޴ǰצһģָ׾ǰ֫лߣն塣
ɫһ䣬æ߶һģĵ
һһ߽󱳶Ѫ۳ϣѪǶ㿪Ѫıһ
ѪӶצ˲䣬ţ£ʵ廯ľ޴ţ̤Ѫͷ
Ѫͷһ֮һ𣬿³һ̲ɫѪ
ӰһֹȰѪԣɫȭͷâڿлһ޴ĻߣڤռǶҪһ㣬âʢ
ͳĻХУɫȭݺѪͷϡ
һȸոոѪԴȻһȭһ󶴡
ѪӴ͵һɫѪҺ
ͺһţһΪһ޵նѪĲ֮ϡ
꣡
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顱һ·ʯˮĽ
ڻɱ˴ⲣ
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һͨûüʩչ٣㱻С
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顱һʬС뱬ѶзɳһѪ˸Բ飬ɢǿҵķһУͷľˡ
һˣֵʮ־ˡ
۲Ƭֽ̣սָֽ漴ĿѪĲȱȫʬϡ
ڴʱ޷һͺ
üͷһ壬һӣȱʬӵ˳ǰ
˷ܵĽһ͵ſһסѪʬ塣
Ѫʬ֮зɿС̱㱻̽˶ӡ
޼ΪתȦһк󣬻һû硣
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ɫһϲ
ʱҲͼɴ徫ᷴɷ뵽ڡ
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˼Ƭ̣Ҳû뵽һҡҡͷ˺ס壬Ӱ֮󣬱ʧԶ


1146 ټϣ
һ֮кڰɫʵĹռ֮У棬ƾն
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ŵ˵ͷΪȻ
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һŮݾ˫Ŀ⣬Ů
һ·׷ɱͽˣȴϵײһֻԭڸ˵浤棬ܵΧ
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һҽкȫ˲ǧٿףʮͷһ棬㱻նɱ
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ʦá΢Ц˵ҲЩҪ򶨵Ķˡ
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1149 ش
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ǺãΪʦҲڸѾ¶;ȥɣҲҪʱķ߶һ¡ȻҲ浤磬ΪǳԶԺлᣬҪཻǡָ˵
һƳһֱû˵һۡ
оĿ⣬΢΢һ£ѵˮһĺĿӴһ£ɫɿƿĿ⡣
ЩЦλ֪λﳤϵ֮⡣


1150 ɽ
ҽ浤鼰ԶԶȲʦģʦʦָΪűѾ㹻ˡͷת˵
ԣ΢
ճϣҲ΢΢һ䡣
ճϸüͷҪ˵Щʲôȴ˹Ŀֹˡ
ȻǴ´ӳǣ°ɡһ˵
ճһת߳˴
ʦ𣬵ӡҲˡߺݲ԰׵ľ˸һȶ˻ػ˳˴
ճϻһۣ¶һ˿Ц
ԭĶʦֶƵƮĻ£û뵽ȴЩʵ䷴ˡճϿЦһ˵
Եˣͨ£ҲܿǱ֮ˡֻҪԳԺǱ£ӱضԹ۵ġ̾˿漴¶˵
ճ⻰ͬĵ˵ͷû˵ʲô

߳ķûж飬̷Լֱ߽ϥ
粻Ƭ̺̾Ϣһ
½һΪԶ֮ͨĸһ½ݣһһСС浤ʿɾֻԴˡ
һ˼ǿʵöȹµĴ٣ʵû˼ȥǺĻ¡
壬ȫûкøУֻʵںŮ֮鳶̫ϵ
ҡҡͷЩͷ׳Ժһһɫƣشơ
еƣ¶һ˿Цݡ
̫УشӵλߣŸ֮£Ÿ߲УȸҪϼ֣Ҫԭ֮һشгԣԪȥ󾳣Ϊ˵еͨڡ
ȻԵλȨͺȤеȴΪشṩĸָ
شӾסĸ˵ɽΪĵط֮һԶʤŸɽۣ֮شӿʹеĺܶԴ˵ǰȥ̫綴еȹشʹãҪ׵㣬Ժܴ
شƺһ󣬲Ž֮漴ʼʰ׼ᵽ
ƽӣ֮лҲûжٶҪıǲڶеļߡ
ڶһ磬ٴλصķ˸к󣬱㻯һɫݹ⣬ɽȥ
һʱ֮ɽĳΪƧĽ䡣
ǰһֱͦɽ塣
ɽûʲôֻ֮ͨɢһɵɫâ·ɽһ㵭ĹĻֻܿɽϵһЩ¥
Ŀһȡشƣִһһ⣬Ϊһֻɫ֣ǰһץ
˻һǰձ˺һǣ͸һĹâ
һ˽ȥ
ǰâһΡ׳ɽȻǰһʺĹâʱɺݻɽɹӰɽʼİɫɽ塣
ɽ֮һΰӼԶȥҲһֺֻׯ֮У³
شӾסĸڣȻԹΪʵ֮ΪɽΪǡһЩ
ǰɾһĵط˿Ũ¶һ˿ϲɫϸõĵط
ɽִϺķ壬Ʈȵطû̫ɽΪ޽һĶɽһֱӵɽԼĪʮӡ
ɽ䲻࣬ÿһȴԶɽϣÿܿһƽ̨İ·һɫһ㣬ֱͨɽ
شӵĶǽڰһࡣ
Ŀ´һ£ҪȥѰĶڣڴ˿̣һɫâ۶ǰԶ͵һ£ͣ¶һ׳Ӱ
ԶԶĿһӰЩ죬Ȼʦܡ󺺹һЦ˵
ʦ֣òˣҲ¶Цݡ
ǵϽ֮е֮һϵΪشޣӡ
ʮ겻ΪȲμϽ֮ʱӾȻﵽ浤ڴԲľ磬ɢһԲƴϢ
֮ǰʦִѶ˵ʦŻصţڽɽս˴󹦣ʦʵ֮죬Щʦֵĺš󺺹Ц˵
ʦֹˣСȵʦ֡ǺһЦǫѷ˵
ˡҲҪﻥ๧άˣʦܽǵһɽɣﻷǱȽϸӣҪ򵼣Ŀһ漴Ц˵
֮ãСܻûҵԼĶɫϡȡơ
ɽ֮в֪ʲôƣʶֻӳ
ԭʦסڸʮźŶǺǣǵط֪ĿһɨǺһЦȳɽµߵɽȥ
һݹȥ
ܿ죬ڵߵɽβ˵һſΣſںȻд˸ʮŵ
ˡӵ˵
лʦִ·ﻹ治ҡлһȡһΣһ˶֮ϣϸֳ˼޴ģȻ󻺻򿪡
ʦ֣ǲª뵽ɡƣ
ϻҪҪǸʦܶ߶ţͲˡЦһ£֪ոհᵽ¶Ҫæ϶ܶ࣬ʶȤĸ뿪ˡ
ҲûйѯһӵĶλã˱ֿˡ
ĿӻĵɫʧԶת߽Լ¶Żϡ
¶濴ԣĴнɴСָʮӡ
ԷңҩԣķȵȣνһӦȫ
תһȦĻʮ⡣
֮г˷Ƚ⣬ƺ˾󷨣֮еŨ˲١
ţĻӦûɡ
ΨһЩźǣ⴦֮ûķ϶еҲûʲôдڤˮɢڤɱѰ֮ǿϲʮˡ
ڶǰǰһ飬ûзʲô󣬱㿪ʼֲ¶
ķϲļ̲úָЫһŨң
ˣŨҵΪѾ쵽浤۷ˣƲʮ꣬ͿԳͻˡЫﻷҲʮ⡣
ϧûҪĴܻ֮Ӱ졣ˮǹ׿ˮ֮죬ټڤˮӦҲ㹻ˡ˵һ֣ڹһѾһɢɫˮ̡


1151  ̫
лˣЫԴͻ浤Ѿܹɵת֮ԽԪתɾ㿴ЫһЦױһһ֣˹Χ
ŮͷһܵͬȾһɫѸٵıĺڵɫɢ̹ǵ֮Ⱦڤ
⡭
û꣬ЫΧĴ̹һ䣬ֻɫ
Щסˣ
ҲǼʶ֮ˣЫתʵ飬ǵһμ
Ыһ˿δ˵Ľ⣬ЩȻˡ
Ыɵ˾޾ת浤ӦǼһЩ˾޵츳Żתܡ
ãȻȷʵҪˮ֮ˣǾڴ˺úȡսסͷ˷Ը
ЫԽǿȻԽ
˷ģЫ֪Ůͷ
ָ뼸󣬺ܿصԼңû̿ʼȡһɫ
ģһЩشӵѶϢ
ȻѾΪشӣǶشӾЩҪк񣬿˵֪֮١
Ҳѹ֣겻ڣ̫ŵһЩ飬ܻһЩŵϤ֮
۾ųһʶ̽С
ֻ֮Ȼ۾һ˿ɫ
̫ŶشӵӺ͸Ԥ֮ϣ֮ȴɲֻ꣬һ䣬شֱӹŸ
ԴЩɻ󣬵漴ҡҡͷЩһʱŪպлѯһӺˡ
һ֣һѾһС͵ɫ͵Ĳ
õ˱֮󣬻ûüսʱֱֶܱΣǾյĺá
һ׵ǰУһſڣһɫ棬Сָָ棬һĲ˲ϡ
ڶչ֮ʱ˿̫ŵ֮УȴˣǸɽڴһá
֮ϣɫȻͷһ鴫Ѷ̡
Աߣʮ󾳵̫ϳϣĴͨȴһ
Ŵ˴ͨԴĸ߽ѻ꣬Ѿ־ϸڣ֮ǰҲѾ߸ˡĦ̣˵
һ֮һͳ˽໥ƺڽʲô
෽̽ҲѾҵ˴˴½ԭΪеһͷ֮ĸĿһĿˣ漴й֮ĸϸ˵һ顣
֮ϵλ󣬲һɫ䣬һЩϵûгԾȻѾǰ֪˴¡
Ȼд£֮ĸʵ֮ͨϣҵҪӦԣһԾ֮£Ȼվ˹ʵ
Ϸ׷׵ͷͣĿĿˡ
й֮ĸŵĴ̫ͨϺ̫ڵͨǰ֮ѾһӦ֮ߣвܹһյ顣
ԭˣǻáڳǼˣ˿ֻǻһ¶֮ɫȻԴЩ̫ĵӡ
ڴ˴ֹģ޴½򼸺һ⡣Ĵ̫ڣ˴ңһˣͬԿ˴ֵĴ̫ȻƴǵĳΪ˴˴˵ĺġΪ˾ܼĴȽɳӾԮͽӦһЩΧţǻʿѰһּ·Χ˻ҪɳľӢӳսʱҲڽĵӴŹ׵㣬ԼдԴ͵ֳɫɽ塣
ź
ڴ˾̨µĸû̫󲿷ֶͷʾͬ⡣
ͬΣ칤ڣȻԺԼħڵҲš
Ĵ̫ڣȣ󣬰˴ңĪ칬֯Ҳʼǲ¾ӣɢ֯ɱ塣
ʱգ½ʼѾһβ̵ʱ䣬ͨĿռͨٵ½Ԫͬʬ󣬱ǿ
㿹ȫջսҲԤǰ룬ڲսУʧС
һΪ˺ĵĴ̫ڣֻƵƵֱ󣬼սͶ뵽˿ս֮С
ոհᵽ¶ûգشӵ֮ϱ㴫˵ǰ̫塣
ԷگȻҲȥ˹Ы˸ɽһâ̫ȥ
СӺ㵽ɫ΢΢һ
ϳˣһϣƺڵʲô໹վ˲ŵӵӰ
һˮȻվȺ֮У˿ںһŮվһƺ˵ʲô
ŮӢһɫңɢһ⣬콣շơ
˿һشӷ֮ո̤ţԱߵŵӺһȫ˹
˴ĶշҲת׿˹
һշ۾һɫ΢΢һ֮Ŀ⸡ֳһ˿Թ
ۼ飬жʱЩϲɫתͷ첽ߵ֮ǰһ
ݼš
˴ǰһҪҪȥɣ˻ûе룬վһԣԵƬ̡ɫƺЩأķԸһ䡣
ǣͷӦһ˵Ավ
ڳ֮˶ŵӣһشΣкȺ֮УΧĵƵƵ˹
òˣʦܣһϮշƴȻ˹΢΢һЦ˵
ʦ㣬òΪɱǰӾտˣû뵽ҲѾ˽裬ǿϲɺأշƴ˸кĿĽɨһۣĿһ˵
Լһö裬ȻڽɢĶؽ⣬ʮֵС
շһ漴ЩԳЦʦ˵Цˣ̶ʮʱ䣬浤ڵľ磬ǰﻹΪտĸ֣⽣裬ҲǸտʼԶѡ
ǺһЦû˵ʲôתĿӭһֱ
գʦ翷һˡֱſ˵һûͷûβĻ
ʲôʦȥƮ壿Щˡ
շ߶Իϸֳһ˿ȻתһȦ󣬺Ȼֳָһ˿Ц⣬ʮȻ߿


1152 
죬˵Щʲô
ڴ˿̣һĽŲϴ󲿷˵ע˹ȥ
ߵĻȥѭȥִڴ˽
һ˴ӷװȻһҲһشӣʮ꣬ļߣ߳һͷ忴ȴЩݣɫҲһƬƣ·ĳּһ㡣
ʶڴһɨͫ΢΢һ
ѹ浤ңɿݣɢһʮֹϢ·еľ˹һ㡣
ָоڤǾʵмơ
ˣȴһͭɫƤ׳ӺһŮŮͷϴһɫüһ룬ɢһķ顣
̫浤˫ޣϹ
ƺͻΪ죬ȴЩη֮ɫһλں档
겻ڣʶʶˣϴŵķжϣǰƺҲشӣͬʱгƺΪʦ֡
ոռشУǰҲֻʶشӣһѳΪ󾳳ϵĽͣһˣشӣȻδš
ɫ䵭ΧӵĿ޶ã˼ߵǰͬʱһš
ã˶ˡ˶Ի˵ͷվ
е˼ˣʱͣˡ
ʱȣҾͳ˵ˡټǹʵһ񣬽峿һӹ壬ɣɽҶǰԮɣɽΧдۼĿҺͼλ֮󣬾ǲǰɣɽҶҽ档ͿɽڱŶԣʮҪһʧأʧ޷˾ʧġĿڳɨл˵
ź
ԣڳû¶ɫӦһ
ҶĿǰ̽鵽Ϣһлδ󾳵ĸ߽壬ҲҪ̫ˡɫһ˵
ǣ˵ͷǡ
˵˵ͷ漴ֱͻһֿۣڵǶͷмҪҪȫ壡
ԣ˲Զһۣһ˿ȡ
һֱվԱ߳ĬԣӾȻûзִ֮лһİشӡ
ĿһӴ󣬱ͬʱ˹ֳǡ
ͭ׳ӣȴ´Ŀɫ֪ͣЩʲô
ʱּ򵥽˴еһЩҪ㣬漴һ£ڵʮӱˡ
ֻЩӣǷЩ̫ףɣɽϿȲϿһռͨȻȻԺʱӡסˣ˵һָ߽滹ˣɣɽǴӹϿӴܹȥģһ󾳵ĴڣЩΣˣȻʵǰôսУܵ˻ûȬɡԱߵϣ¶֮ɫ˵
Һγû뵽һ㣬ֻ㶼ҪǰߣѾʵڳ鲻ˣֻЩǰȥˡҲõģڣ棬ӦҲ¡̾һ˵
ŶոǸòشӣϼ֮ս´󹦵ڵϣһ˿ȣ漴ͷ
֮Ĺ㳡֮ϣһʮųǰ׼
ͻǰͨһʶˣ漴˱㿪ʼŴ˴ε
Ȼӣ󲿷鶼һڰţƺ顣
ҲЩֻһ徲վһԡ
ڴ˿̣һŲת׿ȥǰԵһһŮˣߵԶվ
±ŵ֮ʢ˰ɣϹꡣϹ꿴ۣ֮ɫһš
ԭʦʦ㣬λ£ĿһԷɫУ˵
˵ǰϼ֮սзӡĿռͨΪ˴󹦣ӶΪشӰɣϹ۾һУ֮ƺЩ
ŶΣüͷһ壬ص
ǰЩƣ˵ȻҲ
ʦˣǷ򸾲μ棬Ŵȹкû˼ġϹҪ˵ʱ̤ǰһϹǰ棬˵
ϹâһһۣһԹԵת߿ˡ
ǸЦһ£ſ첽Ϲ꣬ȥ
˵ıӰоЩĪԼص̫żգƺû˰ɣѵΪɵĹϵ
ɽӻһ£ûʲôͷ㽫ͷ׿ˡ
ЩС£Ҳû˼ǡ
ϹվԶĿյϡ
̫꣬嶯ˡϹһۣ̾˿˵
ߣҾʲԭǸǱ񣬲Ѿȡ˻ᣬҲŴк˭֪Ȼ˽ˣ˿̳ΪشӵľϹˡϹЩ޷޲ƽ˵
ˣȥʲôãԺеǻġһܹǸǱʵضСΪһһشӡҡҡͷο
ϹԣȻɫ
ˣ˵Ѿ˵ˣɣɽһаҷԸ졣²˳٣ھͳɣͬʱǱߺܿ찲źԱзԸһһķųһͨ巺ƵͷۣͷһԾϡ
ŵӼˣ׷׷ۡ
ҲϽȥɣʦڵˡ˲ԶķһۣϹ
ϹԣһѾվڷβһۣͷһ§һ˷֮ϡ
˶Ѿۺ󣬵ַһɫ۱âһͻȻһ¸ֳһĻɫ֣У漴ΪһŻƹкǧȥ
ɽɣɽԶмûдͷҪҹͣķмղܵ
ڣɫС滹һĸ¥вٶķϢ
˵һİź󣬱㳯Լķȥ
ߵ;Ŀڶһͣһߵǰ¡
Ƭ֮󣬷򿪣֮һˮ
һۣû˵˲壬óһߵ
ӣ̧˽ȥ
䷿䲻ҲֻʮСһһһΣҲûʲôˡ
һ¯ڵðˮɢһ㡣
ոƺ衣


1153 ɣɽ
Ŀڷһɨ
˷ţƵߵߣ¯һ󣬱ڴ¡
豭ŵǰһ£ֻһƢϮвһһĻĻһʱ侹Щ
΢Ҳû˵
˾ôĬţ䷿üž
һĵ̾Ϣд
Ͳţڴʱ˿̵ķУȴޱȡ
ҡŻع
ʦ֣ˣҸһɡδ䣬ȴվ촽˵ֻһ˿Թ
޷Щȣýʡ˵еһ
ˣһ˿֮ɫζ˶٣ߵߣ¯ٴνеĲ豭
ڴʱһִֻһһס
һת׿ȴûѡ
ʦãǰʦǰȥ翷壬ʵΪˡ̾˿
ʦ֣ƽӹΪͣڼٵڣʦֵŸ߲ѹΪشӣȷЩˡԴ˵˵ţȴ˼֡
ʦˣڻԼӺ֮£֣׼ȫ˼˾ʵϡֻʵǿҲڴ˵ȴҴ棬Ҳܸõı֮ˡȴ¸һ䣬翷壬ǰףʽӭȢ㡣ԣ使˫ף΢΢һȺ˵
ʦ˵ģǡԣһЩûʧ
ʲô˾ӣ˵ĻǾᷴڵģĪʦŲ𣿡о쳣˵
Ȼġһ˫Ŀ˵ͷ
µʱһŸȥ
ķ˳΢΢˿õ½⣬ǽеһ񣬵תŸ¥ȥʱԼķſڡ
ֻǴ˿̣ķ֮⣬վһȵŮշơ
ʦܣ˵ʲô䷿ôòշƿЦЦʵ
ʦ㣬ͲҪڿˡҡͷЦһ
ǵ飬ö˵ˣʦȻǰͬÿһŮǧĪˡշͻȻЦɫɫ˵
ʦʲôˣȻҲʧġĿһ˵
ĻǾͲٶʲôˣΪ֮ɡշüһתԼȥ
շƵıӰԥһ£ǽסŮ
ʦ㣬ҵһ¡
ʦܻ飿շתһۣмֲ졣
ʦ£絽СƬ̣Щ飬ʦ˵һ˵ص˵ƿ˷䣬һơ
ŶȻҾٶһ°ɡ
շһ󣬻˹߽ķ䣬󷽷ϡ
߽˷䣬ִ˷ţһӣһɫĹչſһɫĸ硣
֣أշȻһ
ʦܣǡ
˵飬ʵǰйءһ˼տڵ
ʲô棿շɫ䣬Ȼվ
ʦ㣬ȱ𼱣˵ꡣ¿Щ˼飬ȴʵġʮǰڶһ׷ɱ֮⣬żȻڤ硭±㽫Լھ֮Ҳʦת˵һ顣
Ȼ顭շ̣¶һ˿ãȻɫ
ʦѾǾڤµӣѾ̫ܻع½ˣԲŻί£շһȪҡʦдպȪ£ʦʱ¶ңֻҪȻƴǡɫŵ
лʦ£й飬һȥ󶨻ʵĸģ˼ǷţҲ˵ġϾ»̫Щ˼ˡշ˼ú󣬲ųһȻһ˵
ʦ㲻ؿϧںǰֱæδܴһӦøЩġҲЩź˵
շˣҲֻܿЦһ
էʦϢշٺ˼󣬾鸴ӵĸ뿪ˡ
Ŀշȥ󣬾ʹĬĬϥʼĿ
Ʋ֮ϷУָ߶ȣǲĴģͻȻϮ
ҹ󣬷ѾһƬãɽϿա
۴ͷϥɢһɫĹâµһϵһ𣬲ٿŷ۳ǰɳ۶ȥ
ǰʣ˼վ߷Ӱӡ
Ŀһִһû˴ո¥֮С
¥ϹâһƬ֮һŲ˹е̫ŵӶ
ǰǧɣɽˣǶ׼˵
ڳ֮ԣ׷׳ԶԼɼĸɽȥʼڷ
ȻѾɣɽʱпЩ׺ݵ壬֮ǰɽսڳ֮˶̹Ȼ⡣
ڳʮŵӣ壬콣弰翷ɽŵɣش⣬浤ʿֻϹ꣬콣շˣĶǻڣٵڵĵӡ
һϵĴ﷨Ҫķڣвɵһɡ
ڴʱһӰߵԣȴ
ȻδػжΣգΪԷһ㲻Ҫ̫Զ˫
һ漴˵ͷ
׼ʱѾһƬããɽ֮У˴ɽأػɽʯһ㵭֮ɫ
һɽеΧľҲ֮Ũ˺ܶࡣ
ɣɽһܴľʯҶʵǱʿļ壬ڴ˿ؿƺɻ͵
ԭˣ㵹Ϣͨɣɽ֪֮꣬ҿǿĶˡһ漴ͷЦ
УҲʮǰʦȥȻԺݷã;˴ʦ䡣һۣ΢΢¶һ˿Ц⡣
Ҳ˵ʲôо
Ϊ˺Ѫڻǻص˺壬Ȼޱȣĵ˲Ĺ¶
˺֮䣬ΪѪڣͶ壬ֱ֮ܣЩһռ塣
һվȻ˹Բƽ
ҲΪͷһְܹĸоˣЩ꣬Ȼһֱ룬ԾܹĬĬصȴš


1154 ǿԮ
ǰԼĪһʱ֮Χɽƽƽ̹һѰһɽ֮еɫǱҰ֮С
ǱʽӣռԼĪǧĶԳһСͳ򣬳ǽӦһ̺ľľʯɣ֪µĥ£ʯԵΪ⻬
˿̵ĳǱΧȻССΧˮһŹűŹ
űһɫĻǣĹ֮£ʱ׻â
ɫۻȻͣڰգƹһ֮£ɿСջУһʮһΣ׷˰ա
ǰǴǱҶұˣû뵽Щ澹ѿʼ𹥻ˡϲδֳپȣƺ֪һ㣬˵û̹ȥӪȵ˼
Ҳɵ˶֮ǰ񲢼ңԶĹűʶɢ˷Բ
ΧҶұ棬ǧͷԻµĵͽΪ浤ͷɨһȦ󣬻˵
ЩʵΪ壬ԭƻж˵ͷȻҲʶ̽ˣһۣɫһֱ࣬ۡ
ҶұԶûжۣű֮Ĵټߴʽ
ҶΪĴ̫̫ŵĸ壬פؿǧϷչ׳ѾѷһЩ½ϵˣһЩڣҲ֮Ϊɼ½ĵλ
˿̣ҶұȴһƬæҾ󣬰һӶҶʿ裬һƬһأгŸɫһû˹űϿյɫĻ֮ϣӹŹűķ󷨡
ɫĻ֮⣬ª淢һУиϢɫճҺɫ裬ϵĳɫĻ
ҶұУƾվһɫ۵ӣΧվ
ɢصѹȻһ浤ʿֳһ˸ɫ׹Ĵ죬۾ʱ̹עߴ֮ȺͬʱʱӶд죬ָ֮ɫĻʱḡֳһɫִ׻𣬾޴󣬱ʮͷʮͷͽ汻ɽ
Χűǧͷ˵˺ֻǾţһë
ȻҶʿάַ󣬵Ĺ֮£űΧĹĻ
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˿˻ҷһۣüͷһлĴһ͡
ǴۣڹűĴΣб˭
֮ǰ̾ɣɽΧͻȻϮҶұҶԴӷ֣ͽټ˱Уҹֵأһʱɣ׻Ҳ˴ǿֵסĽ
˴ʱ˿̣ڲϵĺ£ҲҪ֧Ųסˡ
ʵڲУֻȳˣҷ߳˵
壬ǱҶһǧʱ䣬ѪŽĻҵѵҪʹ˶Уɫ˵ŴЩ
ǱԺٽҪסԪɽڲûաҷɨһܣ˵
壬ҵ̫Уش˴ŭ̫ţԺ½㡣⣬Ҫ֪ɣɽļɲֹҶһ۲ǵλãǲսӣʱ̫űػֲһƿش˴ĿˡȻ˵
ҷԶʱһƿԡ
ɫһ仯Ƭ֮󣬲һҧķԸ壬ֽе棬ԼһľӢӣۼټһʵڲУͨ롣أֱһ̣˼ʧأ̫Ҳ׷ˡ
ǡҷߴӦһ̳·ȥ
ȥе׻еԴʯװȥҲҪ֧Űա˶Եļ˵
⼸˴Ӧһתĸȥˡ
Ŀ⳯ΧɨһۣſһɾԪеĴ֮ϡ
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ĹĻһ£渡ֳһܵ׻绡
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Ļĵͽʱû׻绡֮Уˣ׷˻ŷ˹Ļһξ룬ʱֹͣ˽
ԭâɫĻõһϢ֮ʱȶ
𣡡
ڴʱȺ֮һɧͻȻڳȺ󷽸ֳһͷʮɳͬһֻţɫ棬һɢѷ浤ʿѹзһͺ
Χʱ˻Ÿֿ֮ʼҪĳɫǹĻ
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ڴ˿̣һȰ㸡ֳֳһƵӰһֻɫȭͷһģԲ˼ٶȺɫţı֮ϡ
ꡱһ
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δ䷴Ӧĥ̴СȭӰѸ£
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ڴ˿̣һͷţӰӰյģӰϷ£ڼдɫϼȻ£һȻһҧɫţİԴ
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Ӱ֣浤ɫţ汻ɱǰ󲻹Ĺ
Χĵͽֱ˿̲ŷӦ˹ʱ˻𣬵в㳯ŰеģӰ˹ȥ
Ӱдһߣһ֣һɫɳһģ֮£Ϊʮ޴ɫâһ
ͷɫâһɨУ屻նΣȱӰȥ
׻Ļ֮ڣҶұʿҶҼڣ˾ʱŴͣ¶ŵɫ
¡¡ģӰֵͬʱʮӰȻ׻֮
һǿҵĹЩϷ֮УըѪʱң׷׷˹·ɫ֣תЩȥ
վǰˣ϶ɢ浤Ӵѹ俴ÿһɻɱʮͷϵĵͽ档
⼸ΪףֵʮʿȺкֱײĻ⣬ͽ漸ûһ֮ء
ɱɾ׷ɢ


1155

̫ŵˣ
оˣ
ɫĻ֮УҶұʿܿ쿴ͻȻֵЩʿϵ̫ű־ʱϲĻߣֱϲ
ҶҼˣҲɫһɣΪľȻͨ˿ɱȣδţһ߼趯ӹ̷ͬʱ˼

һ̶ĳ֮źһٴηɳһͷư浤棬֮ǰ
ͼ
ĺɫԲμ׿ϣɫߵȻһʢһƬƬŨŨɫһȺˡ
Сж
ǰһҪԵѾһ֣һֻţӰӷһţһƬɫϼһһȻɫ롣
ǰ󲻹ưģ׿ж㱻ţ̽˸С
ưģһ
ЩıԼǿмΪֲĸʴ֮Էһ롣
ɨһۣһֱɫȥһָһɫԲ֡
ԲֱԵ絶˲ǴɴСתŷ֮ưģ浱ͷ¡
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һ̣ꡱһɫԲնֻǰצٶȲĽ룬ɫѪɽ
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ۼչһڻ뷢˾֮̾־
ϹһХһöɫͭһХһСĳɫΧɢֵķΧһ漴Ϊĩ
νϹУǰһɫϸ˿зһ²סΧ۽ʮͷ棬˫һ飬ɫϸ˿˲սʮͷиΡ
շƵûгʲôͷֻǷųһɫ⣬ͬ߳һ㣬ǰһһп
ĿϹеĳɫ֮ͭϣ΢΢һ磬Ӱ׼õ˻ҧλǹʽΪơ
ȻҧԶԶܺʹ˱Ტ۵ġ
ת̧ٻ˳Ӱнһٴηųֽ
˽ϼ֮ս΢ЩԪ⼸յѾûд󰭣Ϊ콣ӰΪʮɴСľ޴â޵ֱֿ֮ӾС
ΧҶұ࣬󲿷ֶǵͽ棬ʵޣͷΪ׵浤汻Ⱥɱûñ㱻̫ųɢ
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Ҷұɣ׻ȻѿһͨҶҼʮҶʿз˳ɱ֮С
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ʦ֣ǷҪʤ׷ɱɾϹ꿴Զ棬ԾԾԵ˵
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Ƿ˱ƽ֮ǰЩ档ͲˣҶйЩϢϸ˵һ¡üͷһ壬һ񣬼̶һתʵ
վԣҲ˹
λѣҶҶҲ֪꣬ǰִ½֮£һֱδԭδԴ˹ġֻ߰ǰȻɣɽΧִ쳣֮±ټرУͬʱѶ̫Ԯ˭֪ǱɱţλʱϵҶҿ±ҪЩˡҶҼɫһ˵
üͷһ壬ԭҶҴһϢȥľ˭֪Ҷһ֪⵹ЩѰˡ
Ҷս󱤵̾ɣɽ棿Ŀʵ
Ҷһ˼һ£ЩɵػصӦòǣһγɣɽҶ˷һЩͻʱûڳӻرеһλ˵ӦͷĹģ
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ʦ֣ǻǹȥ֮ɾЩģߺٴЩˡһۣ˵
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ʱҶҼİ£̫һ˺ҶҶʮʿһӴܵ뷽׷ȥ
Сʱɫɽ帽ɽ֮Ʈŵĺɫ
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ʦ֣ΪβֱӳȥϹЩ˵
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ʦܲҪ嶯СһЩΪüͷ΢壬֪ΪΣһ˿ԤС
һֳۣһ˿˼ɫ漴һָüģϵĻʶ洫ݹһɹɾľԺʶ˲ںһ
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СĽ£Ƭ̺ɫһ䣬Ȼȵ
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̫˶ս֮ˣӦͼΪݣһʶɢɿ
ҶұʿӦһЩһЩʿ屻ʯУʱ·̻ķ׷ױѶ
ҶҼ־ŭȴֻһԵļˣԶɿȥ
󾳵棡
μ£ʮİУת˵ðľͻҺɫ棬϶ʱһ
˳˿ֻӵ̽˲֣ȴѾ޳ޱȣ·һ򾣬Ļɫ룬費ͷû˫Ŀֻһ˶ľ޿ڣܲͷƤ顣
ಣ
Һɫ޴ȻһӰӵ³̼׷һӴܽ콣ӡ


1156 ս
Ӽ״ɫһͬʱһɫɽζһƬɫĻǰ
Һɫʮһ֮£ȻֱӻĻԲ˼ٶȽ콣һصľС
һҽӻҺɫдȻֹ
ʦܣ
Զ߿Уһ콣ӷһŭ𣬵һ󾳵棬ҳȥ
̫ŵӼΣҲ׷״ʧɫ
ɫ԰ף
ʱͷ治ʮɡ
ӿϢֱѹôŮзֻһһɫ籣峯Զ˿
ת׿ڳԶȥһۣһţﶸȻֳһɫУһ޷ֵϯ
ݹһٵͣ˰գȻ䱴ݽҧĴ߶ȫɼĳзȥвɵ÷һ
ڴ˿̣ڹһӰѸޱȵĴǰɳ۶ƵұһסĽ漴һģ֮£ʮ֮⡣
зĿֲƺû˿ã
ԭѸ־֮ɫһȴȻڻһ󣬶ʱм̱

淢һŭ𣬾ȻƤ½˵ߵʳҶԷֻһ浤ʿܵģӴһģֱӳʮɴٶȿĲ˼顣
ಡ
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һ¥Сɫ󣬱ƹţʹûɫٶһ󣬷׷׳棬ɽ顣
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䡱һ
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׹һҪٴιͻȻͷһֳһɫԲ֣һת£ɫй⣬ݺ¡
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ԶİУɫһףźһſһھѪ˽֮Уͬʱ
ɫԲֵйâţһΪһֻʮɴСĽɫ˫һչĽɫй⣬ڵ档
ԶϹڻع׷סκԶԶķ˹
ϹлХţһֵĳɫ档
ûʩչɫϸ˿ͨǼɫ״зɢ˵ĺ
շһһɫϯһţһǰԶһ𣬽һһֳһϸɫɽɢ˵ݺն¡
˶Ĺ˿壬֮ϻɫâţȻγһƬʮɴСĻɫӰſһƬʵĻơ
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Ҳо˲ԣѣʱ̷Ӧ˹
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һţˮһȻɫ˸С
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ΪҪǣͷһӴѾ˵˸ǰ
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Ϲ꣬շҲѧæ˸ֹҪԾȡ
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ǻǽĹһЩɫϸ˿˲㱻ɵһɶڰա
϶ʱ¶˾֮ɫ
ڴ˿̣һһֻɴСİʵ廯ĹŹǰ漴һ⣬ȥ
СȫɱĸȻײ
ˣһ졣
Źţһ𣬵ŵŵ˼վ塣
Ҳһ٣̶µ͵һͣӴҲҡһ²վȡ
ڴ˿̣һӰȰ㸡ֶâһӣƹһʮɫԲϤֶָɿһָųصķѹȥ
оɫһȻ֪ôӳĻɫϸ˿ɽɢѹһֺΣյĸо
һϵҹһٴһƬɫϸ˿֯һƬɫʮɫԲ飬βһһģıӰݺݳǰĹŹţ
ţͲ󣬵Ǹв֮УЩ֮ϡ
ɫӰĳţϣ徹һѿΪ˹ɫ
ڴʱ΢΢һ̣һӣɫһɾ˹
˿һӴɫѩķɿܽ⿪
ְָתһʮɽâţݺѹĻҹ⡣
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һҽУӴֱӱӰȥ˵ϣҳһӡ
ɽһ֮Ǻεܣοһʮ£
޳ӲƤദѣҲҶϲ٣Ѫ磬˲Сˡ


1157 ѹ
޿֮У˿ƺЩԺҡͷԵĻζ˼ͷ­Ҫ°һƵͷϺȴһƣһ˶ޱȵĹδźķһ½档

沪ȻŭϻҹţԭӴٴǴ˲٣һ趯¡һӲơ
ڴ˿̣ͷһһɴСɫɽ̩ɽѹ֮ѹɽײâţһȦȦĻɫο
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˫ĿһУðһУɿһǶܣͬʱ͵һ֣ɢĿѪâںֵ۳һѪɫܡһֳһɫƤףȫ
ոЩХصײ˹Ƕ֮ϡ
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ڤǶֻ˰Ĺ㸡ֳƣ̶ȻѿʮƲ͸ݺݺ˺Ѫɫ֮ϡ
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¶˲ŵɫɫӰ޷ԽѹԽͣںȻɢ
һ죬屻ɫɽ峹ѹ档
зɿ»裬һɫ޷ɢһâΧԲɷΧ
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ԱǿѳʵӦôʦܺʦԶԸȽ֮е棬Ǵе¡񻺻˵
ո˺һսҵķѴ˳ȥ
ҲӦܵ˿ǧѾңǽĴûᡣ
Ϲһۣ¶һ˿ϲɫ
˴ҪĹͶģǽ棬һݹڡ
̫ŵӺҶʿſȥ
һߣģһǰһ໥׷š
ͷԱɢѹѾ䵽浤Ǵ˿һɫâ֮죬ϡ
˿Ѿͬʱ޼׾ӳ֣Ȼ׷̫ϡ
תۼ䣬Ѿɶǧ
һ˿⣬׷ȥǰ취ԷȻѾʵ׷ȥ˭֪ʲô顣
ĲѾϣ˿һΡ
һˣһ֮ɫһգ̶̹һһСʰ͸ĳ
ǲ
Ŀ΢΢һ˿麣֮ҲƯһԴɫȼһƵɫ档
麣浤һһɾע뵽˴̳ϣɫһȡ
ಣ
˲ʲһģ֮£ܳɡ
ˣ¶˿ϲɫٱ֮ǰ˺ֹ
ΨһЩźǣ߶ʱ麣оȼջ˲ɫ۲׾ٶС
ȼյٶȣȻܾã


1158 ʯ
ȻҲܵٶȷĸı䣬һ˻͵һ·һɽȥ
ͬʱ͵һףſһִĻɫ
нһɫţΧһתתۼ۳һɴСİ͸ɫ޽һɫ绡ơ
һ֮
޽δΧѾһȦȦۿɼĲơ
浤֮ʩչǰ˺ֹ
ɫ޽һն㽫Ļɫɢһͷ
ܵһ콣ƽ󺧣ɫ޽ٶ̫죬ֻü۳һɫĻâ޴Ȼն
ڴ˿̣޽һ죬Ȼֳһɫ׵磬ɫ޽˲˽ɫ׽
ɫ׽һģ󣬾мһϻɫâ·ֽһ㣬ȻѶ
ڰҡһ£˲ظϳأɫѪй
ɫ޽һɢ¶Ӱ
˿ϲһɫ绡·һɫһ㣬ؿϸֳһ¸ӵɫӡǣķӡ
ɫ׹һɢɫ΢΢Щ԰ףл͸һ˿ϲɫ
뵽ֽ֮УֽȻ࣬ոյһȻܹ棬޷ɾһնεġ
·ʯһɽȵĵ棬
ֻ˿ڴҹһת£ٴλҹӴܶȥ
Ҳһһһ磬һƬɫϼϯѸײڶ֮ưס˰ͷǰͬʱһһָ㣬ַɽ㼤ȥ
磬գۼĹ򣬾һ飬һХĵתأ䡱һĩɢ
Ƭ֮ɫϼ⵹أ䵽ǰ
â֮аסһɫţͻѣÿâһΣĻҹͱâɽȥ١
˼֮󣬻ɫʵԼܿһ˰СˣӦͷľǡ
ͨСӣͨģ澫Ƕе
ϻ࣡
˫üһúͺ澫Ƿϻһâ֮Уɢһâ澫ǰ档
ѻ
󾳵Ӧ֪飬رɣɽеֲһȭǻˡ

ӵͨıɱ֮ˡĸ˾Źģ澫ȴԽԽͣڻΪޡ
ޱĸǣкڹţ澫棬Ӵֱ͸С
֪˶ú۾Ȼһ꣬澫һҽеľʹ˷ɻ
ʱһɫݹ⼲۶һֳ֮շƵˡ
Ů˵ʬ壬ͫ΢΢һ漴һϲһӣʬ֮зɳһɫСɢĽವһɻС
ɫСâ΢ЩȻ渹ܵһˣⲻ
շ˿һ˵ʦܹȻֶηǷƬֶ̹һ˻ɱһͷ󾳴ڵ棬´ţֻõʹͰɡ
ʦˡЦһ£ת׿һ۲Զɽȵǰ
ʦʵµĵһˣкøշƿһۣ֮ƺЩĽ˵
ʦ̫߹ˡƺЩĲɵĻһ䣬˵ϵʬһۣһӣһɫԲַ˳һ֮£һСС
˼֮ѾˣʦǱӦҲʼڿ֮еˣ鷳ʦ㽫ʦ֣»ЩҪһ¡ֵݸշƣشһһڹ⳯Զ۶ȥ
շƽӹ֣ɫһĿıӰԲ˼ٶԶȥ
ȻЩҪʲôһ˼û׷ȥһת·ȥ
㹤ĳɽǰӰվڰ֮УһۣʶвûзշƸɫ΢΢һɣǰһɽ
ļ֮У˷ɣɽһ£ǰɽ
֮ԻҲ³
˼Ϸһĺڹ⣬漴һķɽ֮С
ɽƣͨ˵صס
Ƭ̺һ޴ĵ֮ܶУһʯϺȻһɴСĺɫʯţΪģ˿ʯѾƻˡ
һ˽ȥ
ʯ֮һʮɴСĿʯҿռ䣬ƺһʿĶ
ʯտյģһۿȥʲôҲûУֻĵ͹һɴСԲʯ̨
ʯ̨ΪӣӦвˡ̨İڷһСĲɫʯ壬¼ķĺƣէһƺһޱȵ̡
ʯΧǶʮɫʯɢľ⣬ʯʶǾʯ
˿ɫʯɢһɫֱ嶴
ӦһѹҪˡϸɫʯϵƣ֮˽⣬ЩƺǰĴЩơ
ҲƶѣʯϵƱκδͷҪӵĶ࣬ʯϵƣһ޹⣬ƺһ㡣
ͷļ䣬䷢˴˴ԭδ⣬֮ǰ֮ʣһ뵽˴
ǰʯ壬оһ֣һֻں汻ӽɫ֮С
ոɽ׽Сޡ
һɫʧ١
жʱ¶һ˿ϲɫϵɫȷһʯǶһС;鷨ԵʣûʧȥЧڽṹ⣬ҪԽд͡
ĺ鷨ɫʯϣʯʯ̨Ҳ˵ɫʯ屾һƶĴֻҪṩ㹻ķɴ
û˵ǿƶģһԣ֮Ĵ󣬶趨˿ռ꣬˴ȫ̶ƶλõĿܡ
ǰʯ塭
ߵʯ̨֮ǰסɫʯ壬һᣬɫʯ屻УɢһȻɢˡ
ɫһ䣬漴ɫʯַʯ̨ϣϧʯϵ˿˼Ҳޡ
ɫһףܿһĿʯǶľʯϡ
ʮžʯе˿̺ȻʧӰ١·ʲôһһ㡣


1159 
⵽סɻļûҵйشĶ
˵صʯǷͷ俪ģҲֻ淢ͷ󣬱ʲôҲûС
ˣԺлоɡоһʯϵƣϧ֪ʶͷ
һ֣ɫʯսָֽ
漴ʯתһȦú󣬱ûԭ·ء
úص˿֮
ʱսѾǧӴ⣬Ϊ׵̫ŵӷս£ѱ
ҶұҶҼָ´ɨսЩеͽʬҲһļֵ̫ȻϣǶҶ˵Щôġ
ʦ֣ˣ
ʦܡ
ѡ
һ̫˻ҶҼ̷׷ڿյӭ
ΪһСµƬ̣λ̾涼ѾˡĿ⳯Χһɨһ˵
ܵԼĪֻ޷γˣʦܲضǡЦ˵
ˡˣҷŶͷʩչѻ֪ЩǴһйϿĵطܹģҲֻЩӦûصˡ˹ֺ󣬻һתĽеõϢ˵˳
Ҳѻֻ澫ǣõϢһģ˴Բˡͷ
һ̫϶¶һ˿ϲɫ
ɣҲ˵һʹ׶ȺŽˡ
ҶҼҲǴϲһڽһʱڣԼڵɣɽӦò֮ˡ
ֻҪ˴Ϣʱ䣬ƾǼĵ̺Դݲķ󣬵ʱҲԼֵԮִˡ
ʱ䣬ҶҼȻ̫ŵ˵ҶұСסһԾ֮꣬˻ûжය̷ܿأЩɫҴ֮С
֮˱ٴλصɽ
ɱһ壬Ȼֻ׵棬Ҳ֮ɫ
ͬڣȻõһʹ׵㽱ȻԾӹΰ࣬Ҳеࡣ
˷ֿһ·ͬе˵һỰ䷵翷ͣŲؾ
˵Ϊش֮ѾԽ븡һЩֻشӲſԲĵĵ伮ˣŲؾ伮ȫˣֻҪ֧һĹ׵㣬ܸ伮
һʹ׵㣬һйش֮ĵ伮漴㷵˸
ĿģȻΪǿʯ塣
ΪãӦþʲôͨĴͷǰ򵥡
оգǶʯϵ˽٣ʩ߶Ҳû˿ָ˼
ʯΧЩʯûʧֻǹŹֵǣʯն·޵֮һ㣬˿޷洢ˡ
⼸յоҲһã鵽˿¼Ƶɫʯ岢Ѱ֮һΪϹģһ̵ľģ½ӦѾˡ
ڶֽӵ˵һĴѶͬʱնɱϢѾ̫š
̫ͨϳϣŵŵӣ˲֪ˡ

ºλ½вԵشԭϿգвռ䶼˻ɱ⡣
ʮλڣٵڵ̫ŵӽһ󷨣һƬѹѹ
֮У浤ʿ߰ͷ浤漤սһһ
ٿſֽûһεľ޴âһͬʱס˶ԷΪߵͷ浤ڵһͷ浤ڵ档
ֽûĽâϸֳһִĵâͷ񹥲ͣһģ
ͷȻƤ񣬳׼Ӳޱȵ׵Ŀ֮£ʱͽеֿ֮û᷵ˡ
ڲú󣬱һ߶ڤͷ浤ڵĺࡣ
˵пԻɱ󾳴ڵشڣ̫ŵȻǾԽսԽ£Ƹһ˸߹һˣɱĽڽڰˡ

һ֮½ϣϺ֮һϿգʿ漤սһ𣬾޴ķ쳹أ·ĺˮҲ·һ㣬˻
ʿ·ֳɫΣ̫źͺȻԺʿʮ浤ʿΪȻҲС
սʱƬ󺣲Żָƽ

ʱţתۼʱ䡣
½֮ϣĴսҡ
Ĵ̫Ϊ׵ʿĻҺҲһĶԿ
С͵ҪôշתǨƵһСͬ飬Ҫô̫Ĵ̫ڡ
ʶ½ڴڼȻս𲻶ϣȴٳŵˡ
֮⣬Ը̫Ϊ׵ˣɳʿЯ߱˾ۼĴͳǳأ»ǴͶ̾봫ͷ󣬵֡
СǳصķˣȻҲʿİ£ʼǨӻĴͳǳأ
ʿ֯ķҲԭĴΪսķһռ˼ΪأٲȻһ½־սģ
˫̽ԵĴսˡ
һǰĴ̫ϳۼӢӣϮһռݵһٽ˴幥ƣ˵صļռͨӡ
ڼ䣬Ĵ̫ڵͨһ֣ٴκնɱһͷ֮ĸķϢһʿʿǡ
ôһһʱ֮ƵԴ½չɧţڸɢ֮ʱ֮ͻȻϮħڡ
ȻĴ̫ڵŵ֪Ϣ󣬵ٸԮ߽ĽħԾأһλ̫ͨϳϱĸΧ䣬ԪδӳͨӸֻҪǧʱָܻԪˡ
Ϊ̫ԶشӣһֱԾڸս֮УƵ߽ս֮Уľ塢Ƿȸ涼һ浤ڵͻ

ɽ֮ڣһ֮߰Уϥʯϣɢĺڹ⡣
ҵĵϣ¼һΪӵķһɫƿڷǰһصĺɫˮƿð˳۳ɸ޵״Χԣ͸ڡ
ƿ֮ʢŵӾڤڤˮڷļӳ£ɫˮʹ̹ǣͬߣĻƺӰ졣
ͻȻüͷһȻ˫ۣһӣΧĺɫˮ˲һ̶ӿڡ
ԴӸͻƵ룬ʱ뿪ǰߣרڶչ
һµıչо麣֮һĪ궯·ʲôʱ֮һ㡣
һϵƿվȥ


1160 ؾ
Ƭ̺Ƶɽ壬һɫݹԶ۶һ㳡֮ϡ
ݹһֳһشӷεӰ
˿̵֮˼ȣŵ⣬ˡ
Ҫݼšʾƣֱ⡣
ŵѾ棬һһ˿˵ʦ֣ǰм뿪ţ˿ɽݴ֪ʦǷҪ
һ˼֮󣬵˵ͷ
ʦڵԺƬ̡ŵ˵ţתȥͨһŵһ֮ɫ
Ƭ̺󣬷Žȥͨŵӳ̧Ŵȥ
֮УϣǰһشӷεϷӣʲô
ڴſڣλվ¶ϲɫĳ
ϷӼˣſڵһۣ˵Щʲôȴ𣺡Ѿ֪ˣԺһ칤ϣЭ̴£°ɡ
ǡϷӵĳһ֣漴ȥ
ߵſʱ¶һ˿֮ɫĿһ
䲻ʶԷǳ΢΢ͷʾ⡣
ʦܣǰЩʦ˵Ҫ׼չ֮ˣΪ㻹ҪһЩʱ׼Ҷ⣬㣬Ī̸۳ھ֮£Ϸߺδڣ¶ϲɫǰ
ʦֹȻ棬ˣΪ׼һ֮ʼչءҲ΢΢һЦ˵
ʦ̫شӣΪѹغʵԻѰһ֮أƺ׼һ㣬Ц
Ǿͷʦˡһ˿ϲɫһ
²ݵʦڸһ˰ɣЦһȥ
С֮
ɽԵһϿխɽ֮ϣде滨ͷѤĿȫɽÿһ䣬һɽϣһͬһɫٲк£ҫ£Ĺâ쳣ҫۡ
ڽĴ֮£˿վɽ֮ϡ
ֻһ˲һСɵĽɫƣɽһʯڴȥһâ֮˲ûʯ֮С
¡¡ļ졣
ʯһ֮¶һʮɸߵĶѨ
ᳵ·̧˽ȥһˣͬ˽ȥ
һʮɴСԲδ߲ʮ׿Կ˴ֵŶ棬ɢ͹â
ڲʮּ򵥣һͨİȡ
ף㲻ͻȵȣⱳᣬȴѾ浤ڣⷬǰΪ˴˰ɣǰһâ֮ͻȻֳһ뷢԰סǫ͵Ĵüߡ
ֱʶɨ˿ܲԷɢϢӦҲһ󾳵ǿߡ
ٺ٣ѳϺҲѽ븡ˣ˵ĿĲ˵Ҳ׵İɡٺһЦ㽫ǰ
֮ǰնɱشӣ˵ĻҲʸ񵽴˵ġü΢΢һϸ
ȻˣĳͲˡؾ֮ˣǱչ֮ǰҪֱӺ˵ͺˣһеġ˵֮Ŀһۣ漴ΪһƮȻȥ
ؾʱһ漴ǰĴüʩһݼѳϡ
ؾ񣬼Ȼ˵أضԳھӦҲмְˣɡѳϳֺ󣬱תǰͨȥ
߹հ֮Ŵüһʯ֮С
ʯֻ֮һɫ󣬵ܵǽȴǶ貰߲ľʯ
֪Ϻ˵ûУؾشӲط֮أƽʱǲῪŵġƾնɱĹͣϽϵĳ棬Ҳ˸ġѳƺΪãֱӱ㽫ȫ
лѳϣ֪пʲôܻ䣿һæʵ
ؾҲжţǰλ֣ͨ߶֮ƿգ翵Ͻ϶֮ȡһЩ˽Žôһʥء
Ҳһ˵֮⣬ʲô֪ˡ
֮ŨĳЩ۳طֻ࣬浤ڣҪֻ֪̫࣬Ũ쳣ͻƿɡѳ˼䣬ƺԸ˵ӡ
ԣȻǡ
ˣһʯҪ뿪ʱɡѳ˵ţһӤȭͷСĲɫʯݸ
ӹʯ˵ͷ漴һεɫ롣
ѳ˫һתмʱɫһŵĴʯ֮ϡ
ֻǰĿһٴ۾ʱѾһܻС֮ϡ
СԼĪĶСӣٺ涼һһɽ壬һεϣһһƬïܵ֡
ԶԶȥԿԵһۼ޷ĵƣס˵ݳʹõϵŨ̶ԶԶ˸ɽ
̫ŵ̹ȻʮַḻȻؾвɴϲ
Ŀһɨ֮£ÿһɽɽһСĶ
һ£»Ϊһڹ⣬գĳ֮⡣
ֻʮɴСĴûʲôƣλøպô֮أΪ⡣
ؾ֮У̫󴳴˴򵥵ĲһЩ֮󣬱㽫ֽһʮ˲׹˳
ЩҩЩʮѼһЩͻƿĵҩ
ϥºֳһץһĴָĽ軯ΪһУû˿Уʱ֮ΪŨҩ㡣
ȻȴתڤǾʼϸµĹ۲
һ֮󣬾ȷ崦۷֮󣬵˫Ŀ˫ֿʼظı仯˷·˯һ㡣
޲Tǰ󣬻Ȼؿռ֮Уȥ
ռѾޱȣԵʮԶ
䣬㿴ǰһӰһΣ޲TѾվǰ
ţ׼ʼͻ浤ڣȻûʧ޲TϸĴһ󣬵˵
ǣ޲Tǰϣǰܹ֮΢΢һЦƽ˵
޷ʱԻһ˿һ֮ġ޲Tϵˬص
ǾͶл޲Tǰˡ¶ɫĹл̶˫Ŀһյʧռ֮С
ؾڣϥȴһ˿Цݡ


1161 
һʱת˲š
һգƽؾϿգͻȻХ֮ĺˮ˼ɸ߾ˣ˲СԵӿ
Ҳ֪֮Ӻζƺܿסͷգн֯һݺύɫؾ֮з·ĩսһ㡣
ڴ˿̣ɽϿգܲƽһ׵ʱУ¡¡ڶ
ڣֻ麣ڷͬѪҺһ㣬Ϊ泩ת֫ٺ֮Уǰδеı
޲TǰüͷһĬĬһ
ۡһһƶСͻȻһĳ麣֮С
ɫһԱһɫƿʮŸɫҩһԶ˿С
ҩ˲䷢ɢƶС΢΢һһȵ͸麣ȫӿ
üͷһɿת󣬸ͬĥһʮԲ󣬱֮ǰҲ˼֣תٶȸӿ˲١
ͬʱϷҲԽŨ񣬾ȻڵУγһ޴©УؾСϿա
һ֮֫ٺķȻһ̶ͣѸٵ麣Ϸĺڰ浤۶ȥΧ׷׳ھ£ʮڰɫĹΧ治ͣĽ֯
ֻôʱ麣е浤Щͣĺڰ׹һ㣬׷ڣֱû˵ﴦ浤֮С
Ƭ֮۾Ȼ

һĳХ쳹ؾ֮С
ͷͻȻ·ܵʲôȻѣ˼۵̫ߣЩԽԽ֣ԽԽ࣬ܿ㽫Ʒָ˺ü֮ࡣ
ʱв֪ʱ¶ӰӣϿûз̫仯ǾͶ֮䣬ɢԶԶڴǰѹ
˿ΪȻͻƵ浤ڵľ磬麣֮зһࡣ
ڴ˿̣ͻȻɫһսһ𣬶Ȼһǿ
ֻ麣Ϸոȹĺڰ浤һ𣬽һɹɾķˮբһ㣬ԴԴϵĴпӿĽ˽ȥ
ɫһ漴ʶ֮һɨ
֮Уս죬ķ׷ӿУɢһĿĽâ
˾ֳϲɫ
ԴϻĿ۵һɷ֮սѾȹ̣⼸˽գҪˡ
սڽһķ󣬲ͣЪһ貶ĿĽתͣ
ܸŽңҲܸоɢ
ಡһͲŵƿսԶӽ֮з˳һģ֮£ֱ졣
Ϸʯս̳һССĿ׶һ͸롣
˴Ľսǰ·ֽһ㡣
һæ˶
ֻؾϿգһལХֶһĿ·һ㣬Ⱥɽ֮裡
֮ΪһӵĽɫɽðһɫͬʱĻһХ
ɫɽ·չһ㣬ڰ֮ԽԽ죬ٿٿĿҲЩ׷֮
սڰѸޱȵķɳۣ֮ĲȻХҲԽԽ죬ܿͬХһ㣬صؾ֮С
ɫ΢΢һ䣬˴󣬿»һЩҪ鷳æִһ
֮еս·Щʵķأһģ֮£ٴλΪһöԲ顣
ĿڽɫԲƬ̣¶ɫ
һԲ顰ಡһٴηɻ佣֮С
սɣոյƣӵһɱš
̧ͷһۼɢƣ֪ʱѽʯ֣һձ㽫֮Ϊ촷ۣαһƬ֮£˲ؾʧӰ
ֻǰɫһģһ̱ɽʯС
Ȼûˣһ£Ѿͻ浤ڡⱾѾʮˣƺͬʱ趼ɹˣʵѵãѳϲ֪ʱѾվʯſڵȺˣֺ΢΢һЦ
ǷѳϺͽʦֳȫ޷˳ġǫѷУȴһ˿ɡ
ѳϳ˵ͷҲٶʣ˻֣ʾ뿪ˡ
ͷһɣʩһ֮ȥ
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ڴˣһϳǰ֮ˣй֮Ե칤Խ
޴ս粨ʱһЩܵĵͽƷڵأײȻһЩΪϵ͵ʿɫҰ
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ʱһͷһ϶۽ԽǰԽµľ޴ͭ˿ܣȴһͷ֩˿סδܼʱܿ
һǰ֫һӣۿžҪԽء
ڴǧһ֮ʣдһƿ֮εĳªԴ֮ϣ֪ʲôʱһɫӰ˻ûӦ˲䣬ǵصȭӰŻХ֮ͷϡ
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ǰһͷ֩޳汾ΪʤգȴͻȻ̼ͬʬ׷˿УһͷſͻһŰɫҺ壬ڰһŶĻһŰɫſĳһֶȥ
ۡһ
ŵٶȣһסһӰ
ϺӰɢʧȻֻһӰѡ
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ȻɫȭӰȴڿйһΣܵĺɫһ֮£֮֩ϡ
һ춯صĺ쳹ɽȡ
֩ʱأڿз֮ʯͷһ˵֮ϣ׿飬ɫѪҺûһ˿Ϣ
Զʮݹ⼲۶ݹһʮ̫ŷεʿ칤ڵΧ㳯Χ弤ȥ
ɫӰȴѻΪʧԭأԶȥ


1162 սϣ
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˴սȻڼΪͷ浤䣬Լ̫Ԯļ룬ʿķͬȺһ㣬ܵ޶ʱĽڽɢ

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ʿʶɨ䣬ɷУһҲûУȡ֮ģȴǺƺƵ̾ͷ޳档
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ֻԽԱʱ΢΢һ̣зֳɫ쫷磬ޱȵ·ϯȥ
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ʱ·֮УʮӰӲͬλ˳¶֮ɫæ⡣
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ߣȻթЩ֪ȫɱ⣡ǧİУǸͷǵ浤ڼ׳״˵ţźתĳַ
ǰٶȲӰͻȻɫһͣһ֮£ʿһӶȥ
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1163 ս£
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󷽿ɭֱԵ浤޳棬Ŀ屻˲г˼󣬾һײбɫ·׷׵תεҪӶȥ
նɱڵĴڣЩ浤Եֵ˵ģ
ڴʱԶֵĽɫСһĲӰ
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ڰУŵϵʬ壬һһһ֮£˳ȡһö浤һö
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ڽɺĳδ߶ȡõЧǱȽģֻԼ浤ڵľŴ߶費Ƭ̹򣬷ȥ֮һ࣬Щˡ

֮ɽսڸһ䣬õŴѶ֮󣬱ɴ󼸾תķصɽ
ոջصɽĶ֮ڣȻüͷһ׿һųһʶȥ
Ƭ֮ɫһϲɵĽЩսеõԼ浤ȡС
һ˼ƺЩףһɫСƿҲâһûУһ䣺ЫҲҪͻƿˡ

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ǰȻϢͨҲûʲôġճλǰŵùίиũȡΪ½İΣȻҲȥˡںķ֮ǰոոƳһҩ¾㱸ʱԽˡϵ̹ĻصһתһƿĴָСīɫСƿȻֶ
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˾ͽǰԼǣũȻƳһҩۣʩţĵͽ׳˲һӵĴ̼壬ļӿ춾ҩӵٶȡһЦΪŵ˵


1164 
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ѪѪײͣйĿϲ

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ڳˣزöζҪҲһһХԭҡҡ׹Χɽȣɽӵһ֮УȻ̮ԲһƬƽء

½һƬһĻĵأ߿ңݲ
ĵĳһڿѱ˲֪Ŀݾ֮УͻȻһ𶯣Ȼᣬ⾲֮ȴԵΪ
ţһɫӰӾһ֣ȴһݲ꣬±һɫ͸Կȫֻ¶һޱӢס
һɨܣ΢΢һ̣赭дһ˺ѿһռѷ죬һûУӰ
ӰʧûãһӰٴδӾһڹһȴһɫŮתһϱߣ˵˼ʲô󣬱ٴλڹ⣬ʧԭء

֮أĳƬðźɫˮݵϿգƾһڣ³괯֮ˡ
һȵĳ紵סӵĻҰ׳¶һŲƵϡɱӦһϡϸˡ
һ˫ʵ˫ۿһܾǷһ˿׾Ц


1165 ս֮ǰ
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ԭֻһͨı߽СǣȻЩĴ̫ΪףһӶʿ½½۵
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ԶԶȥﱻһƬĻ֣ȻԶʿǻܸе洫ĳɷ
еʿ֪һս屻ˣ½ԪˣӴ˿뱻³ʶʿüҲǸ֮߰
ʱһȥԽԽʿ˷۵˴˴
ķ򣬸ֽƺѲԱȻ࣬Ӫ󷽣ҲһЩʿѲӡ
֮Уһʮ˵ѲСھϻԳǶʮһشС
ЩʿķˮɫΪˮͼ½Ϻ֮һСɣΪ׵һΪ׳˶ӣ翸һ˺ɫ
ȻΧκ쳣׳˶ĿȻɨΧͬʱʶҲɢ˳ȥʱ̸ӦΧһУóһ쳣֮ˡ
Ȼ׳˶ɫһͣΣԶա
ʿˣҲ׷ͣΣ̧ͷԶ
зʲôһҺڵٸһ䣬δ˵꣬Զһ⸡֣漴ɵ˽
ȻһҰɴСľͷۣɫĴϿ̻һɫһͼתͣ
Ѿʼ٣ǿҵѲСӵͷɳ۶ϻԳǷɳ۶ȥ
˴͵ķۣٶȾȻô죬Ƿķ˰ɣ֪һɵʿˣһҺڵʿĽĿԶȥķۣЩʧ˵
Сӣƽʱ˵ûʶ㻹ûǷϵıʶǿǴĴ̫֮һ̫ŵı־ԱһЦһ䡣
ԭ̫ţȻ쳣ϧûпЩʿɶģЦʿǵûŭЩϧ˵
Ϊ׵׳˶ţңŷۣȴ¶һ˿ɫ
Ĵ̫ںͰ˴Щ첻ǲµԮȴ֪̫ʲôȼĵӡǸٸĿһ˵
Ĵ̫ڵ񣬾ͨĵӣҲܹȽϵġ׳˶ţջĿ⣬˵
ȷʵˣ֮ǰĿ˺ȻԺһԮǲǧڵӣϰ浤ӡٸ̾
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֪ܲҼһλͨܵݡٸЩ㽵˵
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СӳԱæӦһСӻǰȥ
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һ֮ԵѣЩѾûϵ˼סСɫԪĦҡҡͷЩԳ˵
ٸԪԸ̸ӣʶȤûȥ

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֮ϣ½½ʮ̫ŵӡ
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һߴ߶ݹ⣬һɨӵĴΧ
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ϻԳפģǸɵĸ߽׵ӺͳϣÿҲһʱס½һСʯݡ
λʦܣϢԺ˻Ҫ鰲ŸǡЩصĶ˶һǸ뿪ˡ
ʦܣ˵ָո˵ʲô˼뿪ߵԣʵ
Ҳ˸ǰɡÿɷ˵
ҡҡͷû˵ʲô߽ܿԼСݡ
شеĻصСϢе˳ȥȥݷʶ֮ϤһΧĻ
ϻԳд˿̾ۼ½еĸ߽ʿΪսü޵ԵʣЩɱ
Ҳת߻ԼСݣϥ
ʿѾۼ˴˵أսܿͻչ浤ڲãץȹΪܵԼʵ
ϻԳλãһĽûһԲεķ֮Уڲʮּ򵥣˼ҪΣֻһ޴ĹĻʾϸΡ
֮еԲΧŶʮʿӰ̫ľա塢ǡĴ̫ͨϳϾڴˡ
̫ľ棬칤һ۵ٸȻԺһü׵ˣħһɫ۵ľߵ֮ϡ
̫ڻȣ󣬰˴ҵȴͨڣҲȻۼ
ڸɻۣʵԱһĿȻ̫ŵĴ̫ڵͨܶˣħǰһͨܣֻˡ
ɣȸλͨʿ˴ֻһˡ
ֵǣһִ½ˣĪ칬Ȼڴˡ
ƽѵһͨܣ˿̴֮кȻۼ˶ʮλ֮ࡣ
֮Уվ˼ʿǸɵƽ֮ˡ
̫վ󣬿ǰǰͨܣɫ쳣
գټֲ඼ᵽϻԳǣٵȥҲиԮˡ칤ڻ۸ɫĮ䵭˵
ˣҷѾ˱ΪǿʤһЩħھߵͷͬ˵
˾ͽѣʮսģܼʿ˶־˵ܶ岻һܷȫʺϴִսǺܴ󣬲֪ڿɴ˱ˣλ֮ϣһǹĿӰƽ˵
Żʱֹһεı


1166 쾵
ǺǣϢͨ˴δսϵ˥ħȻʲôʮսģһٵȫˡ۾һЦ˵
ܺãڴ˷Ҳ˰սֻҪսʼƾЩս޼᲻ݵսԲСĿͷˡǲ֪ȻԺѵŵƻ׼ôˣϾǱսսɾͷӲˡ칤ڻ۸üͷһԵİʵ
˾ܷģϽʦѾҹ̵ĸ˴ս֮ʱøλʧǡȻԺһЦ˵
ٺ٣ȵĹžͲλˣ˵ɨ壬ҲԲùˡɫ۵Ĵü󺺣δʼȴ˵
ţڳ֮ˣ׷׵ԼΪ˴ξս׼Ĵ̫ڰ˴ҵȴĵ̣ڴʱȻ˳һЩڿԱġ
˿λ׼ĶѾʮֳ֡ȷһ¹Ͷƻɡڳһһ̬һֱűĿ̫ľʦ˫ۣ˵
Ͷһ¹غ۵ĳɰ˿ãսڼȷһΪáȻԺˣɫһĵͷ
ҩѾʵ˺öˣЧȫõģֻͶ֮ҪѡǲִעĿΪ̫ͣ»δ񣬱ȳΪ֮ʳˡҺľѵ֮󣬾ѡӸ֮УѡһЩʵǿ浤ʿִд񡣡۸˿ľһۣ˵
һڳĴ̫֮⣬ɫһ䡣
մǰƻͶҪڴսһʼν֣ڶ浤ӶΪӢ֮ޱȣϾǸɵδϣִܷд˵
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ˣҲ׷׵ͷʶǿͨԸ


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˻ټˣǱޣнͨʶѾǼˡ
һӣһ׹ɵľӳУе͵˼֮ϸֳ˼׾ķġ
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һ̣ʮ֮ĸͺһһüģʮǿʶһײ˿쾵ʶ籩
䡱һı죡
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һҵ磬ϯ·ĵͽ汻סͬһҽŵ˳ȥ
֮бϣһγ˰ɫĻʹҲ񱩵
֮ղŻָƽ
ɫɽ֮ϣʮ֮ĸͬʱ¶Ц֮ɫ
ԶڼϻԳУһзһƺߣǰĿ쾵âһİ׹Ȼɢ
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صԼסȡɫ˶ͷ֮ϣ֮󣬲Žȡ
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֯һٶ̫ش浤ӢǵҩЧҪڿս֮ٶȣͻƵͶŶҩ
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͵Ϯħţǻɱһͨϣۺĳޣħںڵһġ
ȻԺʿٵģǲʱĴ䴢óһ죬֮ĵߣĴ֮Увĵ߰ĳͼβ


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ȷ칤ں̫Ȼ˲٣Ƥ׵ʿΪЩϴһЩ޵ĺۼΪעģǶǰĶٶͷ̬һޣÿһͷɢŲ浤Ϣ
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½˴Ҳװĳս󣬻׷Ȼó˸صֶΡ
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Žɫżıը˷𣬵ͷûڹâУȻֱ˺һȱڡ
ûȵȱЩյ̫ŵϷһĴ̫ŵӶС

ӵ̫ʿɣеĸէ֣ۻҵĸɫ⣬ǰǵضȥ
޴Ļ򡢱׶׹⡢ʯڴֵĹ⽣Ӱǧٹֵ⣬ڿһܼĹĻ칤սĽɫһסҰ
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Ϊ׵ͷޣ䲻
ɴСѪʨѪɫĳһӣ֮Уǰ֫һɫצӰ̸ֶͬʱϺɫĺβһģҲûâ̶ֱתۼ䣬аͷͽķѡ
˫ͷ­зֱ溮һı籩֮׷׻̿
۾ţͫһƬϼ䣬ܻ׿ǵĶȼһӵֻͫһʹ˲仯ʬĹߡ
ͷΪ׵Ĺڻ£ȵʿǺ޼ɵɱ˳Ⱥ֮Уʹء
һߵħһΪ׵󾳳в֪ʱһöСᦣͬʱſСһСᦱֶΪһڹڿһתӭ籩ʮ֮ߵľħᦡ
ţħʿ׷״߶ħħĳй룬ħħ˲ţϯһƬɫħ棬ֱסǰһƬͽ塣
˻˻֮ƵûڹħС
ͬʱͻȻٵڰ׸Ĺ𣬹һ޴ķͣ
ȴŰɫ۵ĺȻԺʿÿжһڰɫԲ̣Щ̡
йڰһ֯ƣܸ־Ҳӿ֣ƾջûһɾ޴İӰʿϿյĴȫ棬ת

칤ͨ˿һͺȣͬʱһָ߿һ㡣
ƿ죬һڰɫľϼӰӰмֱǰȥ
ڰɫϼס棬Ļ⾹˲ʧ٣Ĺ޴
ɵıǳУ߿ǳǹʢǳ͹зɿӿʯУһĿľ͹š
˴ҼСʿ˿ҲʩֶΣ׷׶ǰų
½Ĺ಻һʱռϷ硣


1169 ս
ʿʿ֮ʱͻ
󷽸߿УͻȻһХ֮
ŰдһҲɴСɫľӰƾոֶͨľ򼣬ɫߵ룬泤ɫ֩룬ɢĿεư桭
һִĸɫšУЩӰа
¡¡һ죡
սмɫ̫ʿͷŵķ⣬һӴЩ׷ɢ
ţÿһӰ·ֳһɢϢѴ뻯ΪģӰ
ͬʱطҲӰ׷۳ʽط߽࣬֯Ĵ󲿷ֹ
·ڻʱƴʢצĳǰɿƽ
սڣս޷빥ϵ칤ʿ֮£ֻ÷׷սԱߵ̫ʿһӭ
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ԶеʮӰĿһĬһ䡣
˿ӵشӣѻУ
浤ڵΪƾһڵƵĿַɽʩչӰֹ콣Ӱõˮ©е޷ֺ
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սֺͬ׷̱ӵĻս֮С
ȻʿΪ߳٣ľѹ£ʱвҺڼʿ䡣
Ƽתֱ£
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˵δȻһߴʮɸߵķӰеվ޽еĳֿȭЩ弤ȥ
˫ǿ߻ûӴһ˫۵طڿмײʱиɫĹ⻷ڿɢ
̶̵ļϢ֮䣬ڸ߿бξ춯صĺҲȻɫ죬ںڣ硢ϼڷ缱ըװıըڶ
ͻȻһȣ̫˿ûԥһ˫ְͬתдһɬ
ţһɫ⣬һĹͷһɢҫ۹âİɫ飬˵ɫ⣬ڿйâţſֲѹǰһӵֱ۵弤ȥ
Щͬʱ𣬽ı·ϾɫһıͬʱǰɿһȻһȦɫϡ
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ĺɫֻǵֵһ£̶ͬһ㣬ʱڿһ̲Ѫꡣ
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ϵͷ󺹵߶֮ʱһŰɫճҺһ༤ڰлΪһֱʮɵҪܣǲʱֱӰС
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ȴϵһƾ꣡
ڽҪ֮Ͼɱ֮ʣһʿ˽һ
һʱ䣬ʮʿȻ죬裬Х˫以ˣʱȻԷֳʤһʱֲµӡ
ͻȻԶճһƬʮŨƣмʮԼɼĺӰٵʻ
ʱһѹԲ˼ٶʿʿڷһֲʹ֮УսĽɫû쳣
žһ졣
˲仯ΪʮɫУÿжһɫӰ
ЩɫӰ׷һ֣ڹУһɫ绡ʮɫļ¡
ɫ绡ߣӪϮ֮Ȼһֿ˺յŤ֮С
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ľʱʿĶУֻһɣǹѹ˲˲١
ţ󷽣ʮɫεӰΪʮҫ۾磬ʮӰȥ
Ȼ½̫ڼͨǣ
Щ˶ǻ˲֪ϹǣսḻЩ˫һۻҵĴһЩǳһּ̧ѵһľ취
ʣ˲Щɫ绡ײһ
ڲʿдľս֮ʣԶ߿д¡¡ľ죬ŷԲڵԪȻһɫϼƾոֶߴһš
̼ҫ۵ĹâһţǱһ㣬ʮѤɫʾȻʮɫ绡ͬʱɢʧ
һϢ֮һεѹǵӿХһɹ쫷绯ΪããһƬ˷ɢȥյľһʱ޷Ŀӡ
һ̣ͨʮ֮ĸͬ˲һ㣬ͬʱڸߴǧɵĸ߿УϵĽ
Ϊ׵һɫߣһӣ̼һɫɡǰ̫Ϊߵľ档
ɫɡͬ޾ɫһ㣬ɡ澹ȻҲɢ貶Ŀľ⡣
ľʮָѣ˲伸ʮһ׷ûɡ֮ϡ
һ̣
ɫɡӭ籩ǣתͣһȦȦɫɡ֮һȦȦɫĻûЩĻ˸һЩȭͷĽɫš

ľ˫һϣһ
ʱɡ֮죬һ¸ֶ΢΢һ󣬾Ȼ˲γʮ޴ޱȵ磡
Щһɣȭͷ֮û棬˲佫һ貽â
ܵĿռͬѹһ㣬Ť
ȥ
ľʮɫָ㣬˲ǰһźɫϯȥ
ɫеһٸЦһȻſڣǰһī
ڰ;ΪһƬڵĻ𺣣ʱʮɫС
֮£ɫԽ׳󣬹֮ϣҪЩȫһ㡣
ľоһɫһ죬зʹֹ߲
֮ţںɫ֮еһתǱ˼ࡣ
ȻٸһЦƺľһ㣬ʮӹлûһֲסɫ磬һȴܷͨϯȥ


1170 սģ
ľʦԲԶıΣ¶һ˿֮ɫв֪ʱһ߲ʲſһףͬʱ³һö߲ʷһûС
һ
ʱԴԴϵĲɫӲкͬһʺһ㣬Щɢĺ֮ϡ
ȻЩ쳣Щɫ£ۿɼٶȴѿ
֮䣬аϵĺ߲
Щɢ󣬲ûȫʧΪһźɫַ׷׷˵˺ٸĺɫ֮С
ͨڼʶľͱ˺Ҳֻǿ֮ĸһƽֺ󣬷׷ײκд뷨ֻƾ˶ƣԶһԶķʽʮ֮ĸ
ʵķԼڶѤĹ⻷ܼ磬׷ЩɫΪģΪۿɼɢ
Щ֮ͨܽʣնʱΪ֮һһģ󣬾бŤɢһǵĻذϢ
Ҫ֪һܾͨͶ֮䣬ɽǧӴοʮͨͬʱ֣
ЩͨܵսΧѲڳܵλã˾춯ص󼰶⣬ҲûжսɶӰ졣
Щ׳۵һĻĻʵ̫ˣòʿںս֮࣬Բʱ鲻Խ̧ͷȥһ¶Ī֮ɫ
˫ͨͨòɿ֮ʣʿȴԼĪʿʼ
ʱŹɫ侲˿ݰеĽš
Ϊһɫ⣬ãã溣ͻҽƾֽڤӲɱһѪ·ͬʱʶɢͷת
ߴ֮ͨսȻΪңһʱֳܷʤ
·в˫ǿߣȻʿ΢ռϷ磬ڶʱΧɱ⼸ʮͷǿߣҲǼΪѵ顣
·ĴУ˳ӣֻһݡ
̫ʿһţͣ߶ָ޴ķΧ˺ЧΪ˵ȴһ֧顣
ȴȴͷ󾳹Ϊףֳ˼սţս֮䱣ŽܵϵŵҲָ˺ü֣и߽׹ľ޴սҲɱ÷ҡ
칤ڵսȻٻ˲٣칤ڵȴ֪ʱʼһСһսܣ֮УҲǺֱײƾˡ
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ȻħڵҲΣЩ׺ɱһ֮⣬ΧһԮƵ³
ĸСɼ˿ҲǸΪս˫ˣֳһŵĳ־ս̬ơ
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ƬȷѪ꣬ӰζٴŸȥ
ԶӣһȺɫɳͻһɢŵɫĹӳȵˣΪۻҵĽĻ
ΧĹڽɫĻ֮ϣͬһ㣬˻һ㻯Ϊһ̣ʧˡ
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漴ڿ΢΢һΣٴλΪһĵɫɽһģ󣬾վ˳֮ϣһܼ޼ȥ
һߣһźȻԺɫ۵ӣһйٱû磬ʼһϸ˿˿·һž㣬һһ֮£вٵͽķѵĺ
־Ҫ֮ʱͷһ֮͡԰ټƵĳɫ̣ոֵĴϼ¡
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ȻæҵķųϬ˫ܼ£ֻһĹ򣬾ͬһ𱻶궼ûӳ
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Щѡγ浤Ӣӣ׷óԼĿֶΣԼƽѵ¶ĹΪۻҵĹŸָӭ
赲Щǰĵͽ棬ʱ׷׻ΪѪɾ޷赲ֺʹмֻΪ浤赲ǰҲ󶼱ֶνɱ
ʵ̫ӴԾɲʱвҽ˷Ĵ
һٷĹ֮
ڸ˲СĴۺڵĽʿڻԡѪɱʮĵط
ȻƸΪգⱦɢɣֱըǲڶ
Ŀһ˿λãüͷһһһƴīɫ«ģũõĿĶҩ
ԶɫнɫǴʣ˲佫һȺն˼Σֲ֫ȻкɫѪҺ̼һغٵһ䣬Ҳóһͬīɫ«һ֣μζȥ
ɫһں«һ˻˻һƬɫҺʱӺ«ԴԴĽ˳
ţӰһΣ㻯һɫ֮ͻ
ҩһɴֵڼϢ֮㽫ΧΧС
ʿʱҲǰƴͳ壬󲿷ȡͬīɫ«ʼɫҺ塣
һʱ̹𣬴ƬŨɫ㣬ֵζڰɢͬһһ㡣
ЩͽһӴֺһ鴤ʹ֮󣬾ͷ׷û
ЩΪ׵浤棬ڽӴЩҩ֮Ȼ¶ʹ֮ɫжٶҲܵһЩӰ죬ȴû̵ض


1171 ս壩
֮µĵͽ̼
תۼ䣬ӵȰ浤ʿ֮϶ѻ˵ͽʬ壬ɫ졣
ЩνǾţһëճȱڣ̼㱻ĴȺ
ĵͽʬȻΧոյִĴʳ
еĽȴûзЩеͽڿʳ˱ĵͽʬ֮Ҳ˲䵹س鴤ֹûü͸ֱһӵϣʳ
˿ʼʩž綾̶һĹ򣬿ʳͬ౻ĵͽ壬ȻԶԶ֮ǰҩֱӶ壬ﵽ˶ʮ֮ޣҾ͵ص滹ڷɿС
ŵͽΧԽԽһЩںʿи߽ǿߣҲ̬ԡ
ʱһ̲һĹֽ浤ϵд
·ĵͽһͣƺܵʲôһ㣬¶һľ֮ɫǰͬ׷Ӷٴγڿ˹ȥ
ڴʱ߿ͻȻһŤҹһ£һɫӰֶ
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ͷ޳ٶȼ죬໥֮£ָǺϡ
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һͷ̼壬ŭһԭһεĲ֪ʲô칦Ȼ˲һԶ
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ţſڣͷ޴̼˺
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һ̣нɫһһɴŮϷֶһӣһƬɫϼϯȴЫ֪ʱڸ
ڽ޴ɫϼһϱ죬һֽкæһεĵ
ɴŮ״Ȼ׷϶ȥ
ͬһʱ䣬ҲܼȺһģļһͷ̼ǰ
ֻһ׽һɫĽһХббն̼ϡ
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Ȼ˵ս飬δĿ£Ȼһֱ޷ȫŵģĿֺⷬе޶ٻˡ
ڿɲǺѵʱһͷ󣬾͵ٻԶĽɫгɱ
ˣ̫ˣȥ¡
߻ƹһЫûӰԸ˳ŵһž޴ͷ­һ׶
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ЫᡰšһӰɫĹâһβˡ
˿֮һģܼһطȥ
ֻһһֻĹҵĻɫȻУſһʱһƬɫķ۳ڿһƮѸٵסһͽ׳ޣ˾ȵ鷢ˡ
Щ۳ͬһ㣬ɢǰȥ
ĵͽ׳һӴЩ۳֮󣬶ʱ˫һ죬צǰͳȥ
׼ҲϺڹһһɻɫķ۳ɶݵ˼Զһ֮С
ʧ˹Ŀͽ׳ޣ׷¶֮ɫȻһתͬ࣬˺ҧ
˿̣еشѾС֮࣬ʣ֮ҲʼųЩķ۳ͬʱֻɱκҪƵͽ桢ҵ浤塣
ҩŶҩĹЧٴƬƬҵĵͽ׳޶ʱʧأֱӻΪʬ壬ʮʮֻĻ˺ҧѣһ򣬾Ȼеͽʧߴ˰֮ޡ
ԣս˸߲Ԥķбȥ


1172 ĸ
ȻսֽʣŶ弫Ϊķչ֮ʱ󷽣кȻֳĵɫ⡣
Щޣͬһ΢ǳС
ڽΪɢں˷սϣδע⡣
㹤֮ЩԽԽ࣬Ȼбŷһɫϼ
һĿռѷ죬ɫϼƾո֣һOO@@һϴѿ֮̽˷˶ԴŤƴҪ⼷
ЩϿСͨ巺ŵɫâӨޱȣСӺ󣬱㲻ͼǿʼʳΧĿռѿ
һʱ䣬ʮĶشСУƵϿʼ
ͷƤУռѿۿɼٶѸţתۼ㸲Ƭ֮һķΧڲ
ЩҲ֮ɿ
Χռѷĳ֣ƬһǿҵŤ
У֮ĸͨԶĹϺͿռѷ죬׷ɫһ䡣
Щ澹ɿռĿռƣ֧Ų˶ˡüͷ΢ܴͨ
һռƱƻ㲻ûγɿռ籩ȻԺ˵ĵ
˷ΧĿռ籩ҲֻƬһЩҰˣҵĵǡ
Щ˾ٿʲôıλѣϽȥɳսЩ𣡡ľʦĿоһص
ͨǵĴ֮£ֲͬĸڸϣ̿ʼͨ˵
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ʿʼΪЩ浤ʿڻֹ浲סȥ·
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һʱ䣬ɫĹ䣬ĿȻԶеЩϣһʱĿ֮
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ڴʱһֻ󾳻ɫ޳棬һžͻɫҺ塣
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תۼ䣬ƬʮĶشСĿռ򣬻ȻΪһƬռѷ졣
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һװĺһռѷľ͹ڿռѷ
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ʱʮͨ跨סЩĸ⣬ͨʿ׷ڳʼ߶
̫浥һתһ峺ޱȵľӨУ˫̴һ֮һƬҫһҫ۵ɫ
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칤Ϊ׵۸ˣֱٻһֻ͵Ŀӥ
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ӥ˫һȣһɫëһĳâֱӴͨͨıԵһžҪֹͨڼ
һ֮ͨһŻɫճҺֱӽɫľ˻ҽ
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ӥһУһ
֮еһͨĸ֮¾Ȼڿʼֺ
༸ܴͨ˿̣ҲǷ׷ײĴ߶Ե֮ͼ跨ʱͨ׷գ谭֮ĸĽ١
һʱ䣬ɫϼ裬׷׳֮ĸڵĿռͨڿȥ
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ţһޱߵѪ
Ѫǰٶȼ죬Ƿ۵糸֮ͳսĶ಻ǧɴѪ֮дĿֲѹҲõʿɫһƬɷס
ȻҲһͨʿ


1173 Ĵа
ĻͬһʶɿɨѪ֮ɫһ
Ѫ֮еϢһϤĸоƺ͵ǸںȻԺʿϣԳơѪ޳Ѫʿһģһ
ڴʱսҲͬʱ״
߸߿УȻһĿХгƺŶĲм
һȼŵɫݹƾո֣ͬʯһ׹£ڱһɾ޷֮ϣʱʯĽɽ˲䵴Ȼ޴棡
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ݹУԼɼһ෢۵󺺣ŵͣȻֽŲõڵϿ񱼡
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ϸ֮£һȫɫƵֻ꣬赭дһ˺ѿһռѷ졣
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ͬʱһŨŨһӿУֱսϷ
Уһͷɢ괯ߵϸˡ
ɫݹ⡢ɫӰŨ֮УһɲѪĿֲѹ
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ѪѪ޳ڰУϳǰľӨйעĿһɨ߹ޱѪɫ΢΢һ˵
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ٺ٣Ħ϶þħ޳ħһڶװ꣬˿̸̻ʲôʿЦǱˣҪ˼²ģҪ԰˰ѪѪ𣡡һͷѪɫӰѪиֶдһЦ漴˵
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һѪ۵Ĵ֣ѪзʿӪкɨ
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ݵĺڴһ˿ĮȻЦ⣬ãã˳溣Уƶλ׻һ㣬ֻӰˡ
ξ޹ǰһһ±֣ͣıòȴֹ֡
֮һСһĿռѷƾճ֣תۼš
ЩûĿռѷ죬ʿ޳棬вֱӱг˼أĪ
ϱӪУ˿ȴ˹̱ǸζѬ죡
յУԭͲϵϸˣȴ鶯֮չʵ˫۱ñ峺һ˲١
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ɫУʿ޳棬Ѹٵڻ⣬ΪһƬճɫҺ壬Ȼϸ˵赸Щһ󷭹ĽЩɫҺֱӾһ±ϸС
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ߵ࣬Ҳ浤һɱΧ
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ڶڤ򹦵ճ̶ȣЩɫѾԼһ㣬趯ϿֽʩչĽӰֹЩͨ浤棬һ֮䣬㻯С


1174 ɺ
ɫԣڵһͻ淽˲ԶһͷԴľע⣡
һ˻֮£Źڷɿ߹
һݡ
˳ϢѹԴſ£һŶҺڽ쳣
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һʮɴСĻɫɽ壬̩ɽѹ֮Ƽ׹£ɽ׻ƹʢһȦȦɫε
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˫ųӰ֮ڽϵڤڹɢ
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Ѫ֮ʿϵѪȻ֣ЩѪ⻯һѪâֱʿѪ⻯˸ɡ
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æͷһȥֹѪʮ⳯Լڼ
֮ɫת䣬µ˶Է⣬зѸٱ任
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תһǰİ㺣ޣһչһμ£ͳһɶݳȥ֮ң


1175 ·
С㲻֪úֱֶζһɽ飬Ƴ˷һʡϷٹ򣬽ձͬСһͬɣѪ֮Уһͳ
ͨڵĴ쳣֮вǵǿѹȻʶ֮ǿѿ󾳱ȼ磬˿ҲֻһʹЩͷȻȻ½١
ĹѪѪѾ׷ǧ֮
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ЩֶΣնɱڣͨ޳ǰԸֵһģ汻Է׷ϻܹĻ΢΢ġ
ת֮£һģֱӻĵһ޶Ӱٱɫһ񣬾ԴһӰһԵܼ֮һ롣
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ЩŸոշӦͻһߴһ޷׽ڡ
޳ˣȴԥĴĹѪֱӽӷһͷ֮С
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Щͽ淽һմȾѪ͹Ͷ𣬽ŻѪڼֱӱѪ֮С
תۼ䣬Ƶĵͽ漰ʿΪմȾѪѪһ߾߸ʬ
Ѫ֮ľǵû󣬷˲٣Ǳ亹ֱ
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֮ͨе֮ĸ岻Ť˶һеƻռӡơ
ˣʵ̫ӴҪ״ӿռͨмҪѲʱ䡣

ͬʱĳ֮С
ƺû죬ûеأܶһƬƬ翵İɫת䣬ɢ͵İ׹⡣
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ӣǰΪ£Ӱת׿˰׷һۣ˵ԵЩնĮȻ
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Щ½֮£Ҳֲеģڴ˽磬칬Ӧ֮κιϸˣףһĬģӰ
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ֻأˣڤڤ֮аţաģӰ˵䣬Ŀ׹⣬һֳʱӰʧͬδֹһ㡣


1176 Ѫָ
ʱӳѪħצûлص·ս֮Уǳô˼϶ԥߴһ·Զݶȥ
֮ĸڵĿռͨ
ԣΣյĵطģϾ£赲ѪģҲеЩͨʿˡ
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漴˫һְ任ΧѪһ󷭹֮ٴǰһꡣ
ѪһһɳľѪ۶ಡһɽһնȥٶ֮죬ĿϾӣ
һɽһ㣬һĺɫӰȻ֣ɽУҪӲѪһ
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Եĸеһɾ޴ǣҪɽǣߣԼɽ֮ϵҲԽԽ΢
ʱȻ뵽Ѫ汾ΪɽԼɽ飬뻢ڡ
ɽ׷ɱҲͰˣѪײԸ񣬵õ˱ֻ޼ɵĳ֡
ʱûɽ˵ȷڻһ֮޷ܡ
ڴʱкȻЫ
ˣܲɽʯ֮ɽҲмֲٿ֮ܰ˶شɽ
Դϲ˵һһƮȻûһɴŮ
дһɫĴӿ³ֱѪ֮С
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·ѪһһȦȦɫˮе١䡱һһɽѪгֱڷȥ
Ѫ汾ڴ߶Σɫз͵һߣѪ̻һѪɫѪžɽ̾ϡ
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ʱ˿ɣзһ䣬ɽֱӻʮŻɵԲļء
ʱɽ汻Ѫ˿ƣѾ𣬱úָܻ
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ۿֵɽ鱻ٴζأѪɫһѪһͽһƬѪƣ֮Ȼһ٣ֱӻһѪɫĳȥ
Ы״һŤһʮɴ׳ЫβӰֱһɨȥ
һ޴ЫβƬɳʯѪɫϯݺһѹȥ
Ѫ¸һЦҪֵʱͻ
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ֻ֮Ѫζ岻Щζʱٴγ˼ֻ֣һҧȻһĽңָٵһһû˽в
дһ
һɫԲһţŻһ糤ĽɫСһһɱ̹ǵĺơ
һſڣһʺ쾫ѪתֻѪɫצһָ
ն
ѪڽɫСһû뽣֮УŻһŽӲԲԭʧˡ
ۡһһ޵ĽһֱӴѪɫצһ
ѪɫצȻûɢҲʱģ
裡
Ѫ״һӦһб
һĨۡһѪ֮һϸСѿȻ֡
Ѫ滹δüջصϣһϸ߸ֶѪһӿָָڱֱ䡣
Ѫִ֣ǰѪɫƣͻȻһѪɢ
Сӣˣ
Ѫ汩ףȻһۣһѪɫһٴγǵصϯȥͬʱһͺһ㵭ѪɫĻΧڸֶ
ֻܴƣһѿ˿ڼѹתۼָֻ
ۼѪɫϯһݡ
ս䲻ȫһͨǰȻҲܴﵽ˳̶ȣԷн䱸ʹý裬Ҳûʲôôˡ
һУӲԲһٻأ˲仯ΪĽУͬʱһؿڣһԾӨ͸Ĳৡһֶ
ֻǵһӨ֮һȻһᣬû˿һ㣬Ȼһɫľ磬ֱѪɫƿնߡ
ӽУٱǰȻ
ڼʶ֮ĸĿֲһβδߴȥǷһ䣬ѡĳۼĵطԽܣЩͽ׵ֻҪʮ֮ڣᱻһƵĽֱиķѿ


1177 ĸ֮
޳̼ٶȴųȻʶǰ΢΢һɨеİ
һŭĵͺ˫һ֮£߶ŰѪɫ磬̩ɽѹ֮ƣֱ׷ȥ
Ѫ֮ǧɷΧ궯ѣʿ棬΢һЩھѪӿˣ̳Ϊʬӿ£
ŰȷҹιѪɿ֮ľ롣
ٴδ󾪣ٲȥ˼ģ˫ַһߣ麣Ϸڰ浤תһɹɾ֮ķȪӿʳ麣ϿյĴɫСйעȥ
Сɿȶ֮£Ƭɫ泯һһȼյ
ڻӳ£˫Եþ˸Ѥޱȡ
ͬʱ͸ɫҲ֮ʢһӨ͸İɫƸֶ
ಡһ
һģ֮£֮ܳңٶȾѪ޳Ѫɫ³ƽ
޳ˣӱףѪһ·׷ȥ
תĺ֮£ûҪֱս֮زز
ϾĿĵܣпܻһ
ֻҪϷսлͣ˵мͨʿ潫Ѫǣסˣʱлӳ졣
ΪϷע⣬νѪʿϡ٣Լеս֮С
ѪԼͨʿһ浤ʿҲץס߳ŭýȫк;֮ϡ
һӣһ߽Ѫ֣֮Ӳͷ棬浤Ͳڶʮֻڸǲ
֮ĸ֪ˣǧټͷųҪԸһаͨɱ淴ʿ࣬ҪѪˡ
ȻԭֻʹεĲ˷ʹ֮£ҲǼ
麣УǶȼСԭӤȭͷСȴʣĴָСˣһȼմơ
ΪؼǣȻڷø߽׻ָҩڷʮһˡ
ں󷽾ѪɫХ׷Ѫԣʱķģȴʲôʶ֮ǿȻҲһ˫ѪɫͫĿз֮
Сܣ㻹ܵʱѪһѪʢ֡
߼ľ룬ֿʼۿɼٶȣɿ١
ľ᧿Σ֮ʱ
Ϸ֮УȴͻȻһ춯ص¡¡죬ͬʱһ״ǿѹ·ϯ
ԭѪ׷ʱ߿е֮ĸȴǲ֪ʲôڵĿռͨм˴ѩ˱һ޶İ֫¶ɡ
ңһ˶ޱȵףҲޱȵĳ˿ռ֮ͨС
һŮ˵ģҿݣʮֵĽ޶ˣֻʵ̫ĶСһ߳ϣԵʮֹ캧ˡ
Щ飬ȥɣһŮöĽ߸Ӿ޴дֱ۱淺һ۶Ŀİ׹⣬赭дһ󻮲
֮֮ĸΧͽȻִƬ׹һ˵Ŀռ䲨Уյİɫ쫷糯˷
Χͨʿˣѷ׷ɫĵ˶
ɫ쫷УԼɼһİɫγɣһķɿ쳯ϯȥ
ɫ֮һСһĺ
Ȼǿռѷ죡
һʱ䣬ƺɫмɫռѷ⣬飬ΣһƬ硣
ʱҽ
ʿǡôѷıԵδӦͱЩϸСѷ϶նء
һЩϴѷУһ˵ʿӲУͬ˺ѷ顣
ⷬʣѪ޳ҲЩֲۼǰԶȻԸ֣ȻһҧһѪɫףһļ׷ɱȥ
ӶеƾľٶȣԼ׿ķӦҶıܿٿռѷ󣬾ڴʱۡһĲȻ㾧âѶ
ţɫһǰһϯ£ǰǵǰһն׹һɾ˵ĲһɢһԼʮɵĿռ϶һƾֶ͸ǿĿռ䲨ͷ·һֱͨԶ֮
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鼱֮£ֻһɫСһɶأΪһƬס
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ǿҵ֮Чඥ㣬˲˲٣һͷȥԶߣһ߲ϼӰƮȻ
ϼ֮Уȴһͷ׷˫ĿյĲɮˡ
ɮ˻Ȼ˫Ŀһвʹתһַ̧ɳһɢ߲ϼ̴ľ飬ڰеת
֮ɫŮɢ㣬ƻʵķɾ
İɫмռѷ죬һЩ׷װ׹һΡ
һɮƺԼȴһʱ֮벻
һ̣ͳѾ뵽˿ռѷ𽥱ģֻԼд֮ĸһŭ⣬Լƺڴϲĺʲôʥ
ſռѷһ׹һ֮£ɿֺ϶
ǰΨһĹҲ˲ʧͬʱܾѹʹڿֲǿӽ軤޷մһһѪĻ˹ȥ
úѷеľȻɢһգʼڰƯȥսԶȥ

Ҳ֪˶ãӻ
ʹ
Ψһĸо񱻾޴ޱȵ˺£Ƥѿһ˿ڣһʹϮԺԸ֮Ͷ̲סƺһ
˺һᣬŽӦʹ
麣֮пտյû˿붯һָѡ
ޱȣ浤ʱ֮Ѫڣָ쳣ˡ
Ϣ˺һᣬһ
˫ת¿ȥ
˿һԴľСɽУһůббڱŵһµʵĲľζ
֮⣬ƺһ˿мʪĺζ
ҡҡԴоԺڽֳ˻֮ǰЩ䡣


 Ⱥħ


1178 Ѫ澭
֮ĸ˺Ŀռѷɣ˿ռ֮Уһֱڻ״̬Ҳ֪Ư˲֪ãֻԼԼǵؿڵİצлɫ׻סȫҪͬʱԼѪֲĻָͽ軤壬ûڿռ籩֮биķǡ
µƺ͵һСͺ֮ϡ
Ȼ֪Ǻδ϶Ѿ븽ˣΧĻԣӦû˽硣
ֻҪܹǸͨѪ׷ɱޱˡ
ִֽȡһö˵ҩ£һůʿѪļӳ£ϵƻָٶȻӿ˲١
Ƭ̺󣬾ָЩȻվһ佣ңĽɫԲһնͬʱһüӴʶɢȥסС
˴Ԫ½ϡ٣ҲΪˣֻʮССϣûʲô޵Ĵڣһʮְȫĵط
ף
ɫһʮһʯͷԣʮɫϱ˵ϡ
һ۾ϳֱѪ֫塣
ֻһתҲôһˡ
Լǵڿռ籩֮ʱһҽдӱ𡣿ѪҲռѷ죬ýһ첲䴫͵˴˴
֮һϲǣֱ۵ʳָϣһīɫıʯָɢĵӦѪĴ䡣
סе˷ܣߵѪֱԱߣȡ£ϸһС𣬽ԭϥ£ȡһöָĵҩ̷ȥ˫ٸһƷʯת
˿̵ڷƿݽߣȻظһЩ̸顣
С֮ϰޱȣ˴š
˴ʱ䣬΢ָһ㷨ȲȡѪĴ䡣
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ʶ̽˴䣬Ƭ֮¶һ˿Źֵɫ
һ֣һѶ˵ϡ
ȴһѴСһʯ߰˰ң֮⣬ֻһʮƾɵѪɫ顣
飬Ŀһɨ֮£ƾϣϡɼĸӴ֣Ѫ澭
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¶ʧɫԭΪѪͨܵĴ䣬һϲû뵽Ȼֻô㶫
֪ѪѪ֮ױѺ£ոձ֮ĸͷųϵĵҩͱ»ù⣬ѷӡ֮ʱٴҲʣôһʯһ伮ˡ
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ⲿѪ澭ӦѪĹͨܵмȤġ
ѪʹģպٲȻŹԼ
ڽ֮ǰҲָܹͨܶԿֻϣͨⲿѪ澭˽⵽ԷһЩص㣬պѪ棬ܹһЩѵĻᡣ
Ŀȥܿ콫Ѫ澭һ顣
ǰ벿ʮ£ϸѪ澭ͽڵֹ֮ͨЩͽʼҪȡѪ˻ڿʼҪʿѪ
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мصĹҲ쳣
ҪоŹ㣬һʱ飬һº󣬱㷭˾벿֡
벿мʮǿޱȵѪ֮ǿȥΪĶ
ЩʩչҪѪ澭Ϊұ֮ǰĹΪѪȣҪڶ飬еҪ߽ʿѪΪýаޱȡ
Ĳסҡͷ
üͷѪ澭Ҳȫûջ
ھ棬ҵһſΪõѪ󷨣ҪѪ澭Ϊʩչ
æϸĶȥСպ󣬲мֻȻ
յ伮ϵļأѪһŽͨȼѪ˲ǿ֮ЧͬСɣܹǿҵ
ݾأÿʩչѪ󷨶ɺܴΣΪȼľѪʩ֮ΪѪݽߣܳһʱ֮С
¶޷ƵĿϲ
֮ǿԶԽͬ׵浤ޣܹǿɣ֮Ҳƴʿˡ
Ѫһĺ֢˵Ȼֵ
ļգС֮Ͼ֮ϵƱȬˣҲָ
Ѫһ˻ԵЫ⼸յҲ˹Ѫֱ浤֮˾ԪЫڡ
ֱ̺ͨܵԪȻˣЫϵƷǵȬڷһأﵽ浤۷壬զͬʱҲеһ˿ο
ȻѾָûټСϵĴ㡣
һգһڹ⳯ĳ򼲳۶ȥ
úǰӳģһɫε棬ĺһ־ΥĿ֮С
һ߳ԶɳۣʶҲɢ̽ΧһС
˴ƽޱȣеҲͽڵʵҺڵĺҲټ
ˣв²Լܱ͵½ƫԶ֮ء
˲յ·̣ĿкȻһȻͣ˰С
ǰʮĺ֮ϺȻһҵķײʮʿֳڻƴɱ
˫ͽڵΪһ߰ʿΪ׵һͽڵĽ´󺺣ֳһɫ
һȻһȺϳƬ壬ҲˣΪߵһͽڴԲ׳ֳһɫɲ棬Ľ´󺺶һ
׳ϰȻΣ°ȴѾΪɫβÿһ˦ں֮˾޴ĺˣƵý۴ˡ
۴ΪԭԷһ˿̸ں֮϶ǴƣзϬѳŲȥ
ļ壬Ҳ˰˰̬Զʿɱˡ
壡
ͫȻһ
ְ˰壬ļֻƴ½ڵĲ׺֮ĺžеս̬
ĪǴ˴ǲ׺֮
пϲת䣬һͽɢѹҺڵĲΣһǰȥ
Ƭ̺͵˼渽
˺ʿʱŲĵԼͬĸ˿׷¶֮ɫĿ
ʱϵĺɢ¶ݡ
۴󺺵ʿһ󣬶ʱ¶˴ϲɫ
Һ壡
ۺȴȻһ׷׻ηı顣


1179 ˫
߽ʿߣ
ۺ֮͵رһɫˮ⣬͵ӿʮɸߵĺˣŽ´󺺻ȥ
ȻۺβһڣǱ˺֮ϣת۱ʧӰ
ĺҲ̷Ӧ˹ҲɿˮУԶȥ
Դ˸Ϊ⣬Ҳûȥ׷Щͽ׺˼
۴¶˽ɫ޶Ե飬ֻðѵĻ˻ȥ
һ飬ѾӵûӰˡ
۴̾˿˳ɵǰ֮⣬Ĺһ񣺡¹ԪɢԽǰлǰ
ļҲæһеһһ۾͵͵Ĵ
Ԫû˵ոȺô£Ŀһתе˵
ǰ׼ǰ˫;ﱻȺۺ͵ϮǰʱˣҵȿҪԴˡ۴󺺹˵
ۺ塭ԣиֳһ˿ɫ漴ܿȥ
ҳ˴Ͽиĺͼ¶ɫļʵ
еģǰԵȡ۴һ漴æӦһϷƬ̺ȡһͰ͵Ƥ˫ֹĵݸ
˹ֶ˽´һƷʯ
лǰʹ͡۴ɫһϲæл
Ŀںͼɨһۣüͷ΢΢һ壬ͼϷֲĵΪϡ裬ҲʮİһʱҲжϲλںδ
˴ۼĵĸ˵
ǰ˴Բǧڲûʲôסĵ졣ǰҪ̽ʲôϢ絽˫˴Ҳֻдյ·;󺺹Ľ
ԣĿһɨ֮£ܿںͼҵ˫λã˵ͷ
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Ӧ۴󺺵Ͼ¶˸˵ɫ
ܺһҺڴϹϵȻкô
رĺìԽͻѾʼĿŵϮɢ壬һҺʿͬУ·;ϣؾûʲô̫Σˡ
һ˺ܿ뿪˴˵أڴ󺺵ָ£һ򼲳۶ȥ
һ·֮ϣѯ˽۴һЩ⣬۴λҺǰĹϵȻ֪޲ԡ
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ϣ˴Ȼǲ׺֮Ҵ˵ڲ׺֮ԣƴ·;
ػعʵأвЩп
֪֮䣬Ѿ뿪ƴ½һٶʱˡ
Ȼ浤ʿ˵ֻһκ̵ܶʱ䣬һγʱıչرȥˣǶҺͽڵĵͽʿһ൱ʱˣ֪ƴ½ʲôΣ
ע⵽ͻȻóĬƺ뽻̸ӣԽմ֪Ȥıͣһͷ·
ȻҪ̷ƴ½ߵķ˳·Ҳȥ۴󺺿еǸ˫˽һ׺֮ơ
Ӵ󺺿еƺͺìܼķǳأ˲һͽڵӣ֪Ҳʮޡ
ʱ䣬ԽǿԽմ󺺿е˫·ʿҲ𽥶
ҿЩǰеķƺǸģд󲿷ֶΪʿѯ
ǰĪǲ֪˫ϵɴ飿ѯ⣬¶˾ɫ
ˣǰո˵أɴŷ飬Ҳѹǰ֪֮ˡԽմ󺺻һڣ뵽λǰԸϤ˫Ҳּ֪æ͵
Ŷ˵¶˸Ȥɫ
Խմ󺺿У˽⵽˫ɴ顣
ԭ˫ƬһʮֿؼǣӵмΪԣʶۼ˲ɢ֮ˡ
ǰãƴ½ļ˫Ѹ棬˵ڽսеɴᣬΪɢޣҳŵֻҪѡУɻԴ
Ϣһ˵Ȼɢ֮˲Сĺ䶯Ͼɢ˵ֻҪܱЩƽʲĴſУһˡ
Ըʿĳ˫ڻ㼯˹ȥԽմСɣɶȥˡ
ԭˣȻʢᣬǲ֪˴˫ģƴ½ļɣĿһһ
ڣѪӵкųƴһɵԪħšԽմ˵ţ¶֮ɫ
Ե༸ͽ׵ӣԽմ󺺿ἰļ֣һ¶Ľɫ
ڡɫһԺжʱֳһһֱռе˪ٻӰƥĽ⡣
Ҷü
ҲҶüȷֿ
Ӻʵտ˵ӦѾ˺ʹӦͷص˰ɡ
ŮѾǻΪһͨ뻯ôȥˣҲ֪ôˡ
Īǰƴ½ԽմƳɫ仯Щȵʵ
ǰȷʵȥһΡһɫ˲ָ糣
ƴ½ʿķԴ֮أϧ´δȥˣ֪εɴյӵĹǷϸ񡭡Խմ󺺼̬ºͣɵöЩ߶߶˵
ԵһЦûнӻ
պһһ·µһϿա
Ӱտȥ״Ыӵֻ˫֮űɴ˶
쿿֮һʯĳǳؽռҲСɢװʿ˵󣬱׷׳зȥ
Ҳڳһտ֮ؽԽմ󺺴ļͽʿĴǰĳǳء
˿̵ĳſﲻ˴ˣ󲿷ֶʿҲܲʱһЩʿӰ
ſڲһ·ϣҲԽմ˵˲й˫飬˵ԴΪḻ޴ռݣɢޣһЩڴˡ
֮䲻ʱᷢĦ˵ల¡
ɴ˫оУǰԴ˴ʢȤԽմջĿ⣬תʵ
ȻˣȥҲ޷ĿһĻص
ʶ˫ǰĳǳ֮УȻյľʶ
ǰΪʵҪμӴᣬضᱻ¼˵κΪﵽҺڵʿֻҪףƴ½˶ǻӭ֮ġԽմЩĽ˵
ǺһЦƺ⡣
Խմ󺺼ˣڨڨһЦû˵ʲô
˻Ⱥ֮У߽ɫǳء
ǳ֮Ϊɾ࣬ʯ̳ɵɿнֵݺύԶ۴αȵ̣֮ҲΪȫӦоУʱʿڵн
ЩȻϣȴԽմ󺺻ļʦֵ˫ð⡣
Ҳûڽֵͣܿ˳һƬߴ¥֮ǰ


1180 
̧ȥ¥֮˳ʮɸߵˣںĴ죬ʮֵĿ
̵ģȻԪħţڣѪӵı־
¥֮ǰһƬĹ㳡յ֮ϣһ߰ɸߵĸ̨̨ΧͷܶΧɢޡ
ɷεĵӣ˿ڸ̨֮æµţʱɢ֮˵ϸ̨ƺڱһ㡣
һҲߵ˸̨
˵˴εɴԱԶΪҪμӴɢޣﱨȻΪһһĽ̨ԣʤֲܹͨɸѡɵҺǰʣͨˣܹЩƴǽԽմ¶֮ɫ˵
Ŀ˸̨ϵڵϣЩͽڵĵӣΪ߲ͽڡ
漴Ŀһתֿ˺ĸߴ¥Һڵʿ
üͷһ
ʶӦУһΪϤӦþ֮С
¥֮УһİŮٴǰյϵȺ
ŮòȴǱ䣬ԼĪʮͣϱһɫɢһ˿˪
һŲ˹Ůת¥ݿһꡣ
ʦ塣Ůɫһ
ˣضˣеôˣŮް˰֣ʵ
ֹΪֹμӴɢѾˡ˵
ϼȻѾﵽĿ꣬ͿЩʼɸѡɣ˫ĺЩҪ죬ҹζࡣŮһͷ漴¥ȥͬʱ˷Ը
ǡ˺棬æӦһ͵͵ǰİŮһۣвη֮ɫ
Ů޲ƴ˫߸ˣƴеһԱΪѾﵽҺڴԲһ֮ǳ뻯նɱĺ岻ʢԶͨ齣ʣǱƴɻڳϣ׻ڵҺʦ
ˣѪеˣŮ޺תͷʵ
Ѫӵ˵Ѫʦƻûиԭڱչˡ꼱æ
Ůüһ壬漴˵ͷû˵ʲô
˺ܿ߳˸¥ǰĸ̨֮ϡ
Ů޵ĳ֣ʹø̨Χۼɢ޶ʱ۷׷
λǰӦþǴ˴εɴĸڽǰˡ̨Խմ󺺶˵
δţɫЩȻĿŸ̨ϵİŮӡ
ԽմֵĿһۣʶȤûжʣתʼµļǰȥ顣
ջĿ⣬¶һ˿ɫ
ӹƳû֮ԵʹԴŮһֱһصĸо
Ȼףǰ֮ڴٴȻΪꡣ
˵һɵ棬ǬǸСѾͷҲͺʹŮмֽˡ
µֱӼ棬ȻҸȥʹŮһ档
̨֮ϣﲢδע⵽Ե˼䡣
˵ͷ̤ǰһ̨ɢ˵ɴᵽΪֹѾгʿǰڱ㵽Ϊֹտʼ̨ɸѡĹ̵սλμӵĵѽ׼յ̨֮ս
һ̨ΧɢǶʱ󻩣˵
λڵѣмλҲĽɴᣬڻûüϵ֪ܷ񽫱ʱӻգ̨֮һ˵
Ǻǣλصģ˴ƴյĵӲֹ˿̱ˣɴỹٿȥϲһֵģպ󣬲ļǺһЦ˵
˻̨˶ʱİ
һ£λҲڴĴɱҵʿƴ˵ĸ߲˫һݵ㡣ʿֻҪףΪƴ˵µڴ˴ֿͬϮšһ٣˵
̨Χɢɫһ䣬漴ɫֻС¶˷ɫкã󲿷ɢ޿Щη
꽫ΧȺ鿴Уüͷһ壬Ҫ˵ʱȻԶһЦ
λѣǽһЩӵҲˣȻĿŵ˫ǲ̫ҵȷˣ̨ĳԶһȺڵ˹һͷ֮˿
Щ˴󲿷ݸߣɫƤ۾ֳһֹɫͷ쳣ߴϵĺŽߣȻݺȸϲ١
̨ɢȺһ߹Ⱥɫһ䣬æԱȥ
ǾˣԽմ󺺿ɫҲǴ䣬æļ
壿ɫһʵ
˫ԭסڵҲһǿкüҺڵĸ֡ԽմС˵
ԻͷĿһת˺Ⱥ֮УмϢȻ졣
ԭǾ峤ˡߵ̨һ֣ȥ˵
ŵѿˡŽߺ۵Ӹո˵ȻţƺЩη壬ͫ΢΢һЩȻ˵
峤ƺƴ˵Щк˸Ĺâһһٵ˵
ߣҾɲͺڴļЩҲͰˣڴ˽פȴ򲻿ɡ峤ǿӲ˵
ŶûҪ͹彻˼ڴ˽ݵ㣬ҲΪ˵ֿѡĿһ󾧹ת˵
ٺ٣廰˵ĺɺһ֪ڴ˵ľٶض򣬵ʱѱǣЩ˫ԭס񡣡峤˵
Ŷ峤֮⣬ҪΣƺӿֳŭɫܿȥ˵
˫ݵ㣬ܻҪϵֿ壬Ժ;嵹Ҳֵ̫
˵Ҳ򵥣ƴ˴˴ʦƴڵľӢŵѸһޣʵˣҲмҪλֽһһĶӮˣյӻǽݵҾٹʰ䡣ˣٺ٣Ǵӽ쿪ʼʿ̤˫벽峤ٺһЦ˵
оһ´ǰľ峤һۡ
һ˫ȻЩʵʵҲͺƴ½һɼ£ȻҹƴֱӶԿʵЩԤϡ
ΧɢҲ׷¶֮ɫ׷״
ʲôȻҪʿ˫Ǿʵ̫ˣ
ǣɲǾĵ̡
˵ֻɢޣɲƴ˵ˡ
Ⱥ֮У΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц


1181 һ
峤ΧɢޣֻĿĶԴ˵ôĪƴõӣȻ޵һս
һнһ󣬱ĳһ죬δʣһɭĽɢ
̨ɢֻһһɱ˵ĺֱ͸ĵףΪԵ͵ģ̲סһ
峤ɫҲ΢΢һ䣬ԥ֮ɫһź󣬺ָֻܿƽ
峤ȻҪԶСŮӵȻ㵽ףƴ˵ʦ˿̶Ҫ֡ǾѡǿһˣСŮӵԵĶһɡ˵
ٺ٣ǵ˳飬ԹңǾԳУ˵ͲĵġвˣǱŵΪѣһɡ峤ɫһת£ƺµʲôЦһʮ˵
䣬Ⱥ֮УӰ˵ķֱ˸̨ϵ
㡭
һ䣬˲ʾ峤һʱХһ쫷Щͽڵʿ޷֮쫷һĵɳ˸̨
˵ʱʱ죬ǰһѾһ͵ˮ⣬һץ£۳һɴСɫָ֣һֵץ
ƿ
ֻδ£һѹȻ̨һ£̮
ɫأֵӦҺ۷ΪҲҺʿ
佣ݣһԶȻû⣬һĻȴЩǿˡ
һһУϵİɫѾС
һ֣ɢһ֮ƣһֽһߣаɫɢһ֮İɫ׹ʢ²һһɫ޽ƾճС
׶֮ˮһ㣬̨µ˲һԺͬʱֳһ׵Ӱ
һ߳һӣɫ޽һģն˿ɫ֮ϡ
۵һ죡
ɫֺ޵ֿ֮һ㣬м䱻г룬Ȼɢˡ
ɫ޽Ҳ֮΢΢һｿһΣɵ˰գĿĿ˷ˮֵĺˣȵ㲻ǾˣǺʿ
Цһûлػ̹һһƴСͷ֡
һû룬̹֮ţһģĴзɴܳ߰ɫˮȥ
˴˿ѳûƵһ֪ʱѼһɫìһȡһīɫ޴
˷ֱڰ˹ȥ
ʹìĺдʣһֻ֣ìɫƥն
һо޴һ죬渡ֳһɫ绡
ִĺһ͵ػ޴ɫ绡մеһ֮£ûһɫ˺ѿĳȥ
Ĺͬʱǰ֮ƽм䣬޿ɱܡ
ִɫɵͷɿ
һɫͬٲӿ£ס壬תγһ׹ɵĽĻ
¡¡
Ĺ˰ɫĻ֮ϣɫĻ㽣ɫĻҪɢ
һɫ԰һſھӨ޳ʮָ죬һΪµӡ
ɫ϶ʱֳһĿľ⣬һִҫ۵İɫֶɿתи
˺Ѳ֮
ɫɫʱʵķ飬һԶìɫƥҲɢ˹ââȻܵһˡ
˵ƣɫʱһ£Һڵĺ忴һֳֵַΪ׺壬Ͼ¶һ˿ԥ֮ɫĲǰ
ڴʱɫһףſһѪ
ɱ
Ϊ׺ϲֺһٴȥ׼Եһͬʱдʡ
ǡɣһʲô£
¸̨ƴ˵ͽʿվ壬ﱻΧһѪӵʿž˷ŭĴȵ
峤ƴ˵ͽʿһۣ˿ûд˼
˵ˣסŭѪӵʿ
ЩѾͶ˺壬ûдǹƽȲεսǸ岻֣ȥѪʦǰ˵
Ѫӵʿɫһ䣬һ˿ԥ֮ɫ漴첽źĸ¥ȥ
ľٶ峤У˿ûں
ȷеϢԴ˴ƴ½һʦһѾ°ߣһڱչֻһڴ˶һ档
˵һҺ۷ĽޣЩ֣Ҳ
ͽڵƴ˵ӣΪǡ
ΧЩʹɢ޸ǲֵһᣬȻҲһҺڵʦҲҹȻӴĺ࿹⡣
ֻҪɱ˫ź߲㣬λҲԾʮİɡ
˵λһˣ˫ԼϽʱ򡭡
峤Щţٿ˰зײĵӰüͷȴһ¡
֮УΧ£Ȼ᧿Σȴ¶֮ɫȻܹ֡
Ϊ׵Һ۷庣ۼٳٲ϶ʱ¶һ˿ɫɫһףдʣһֻصһָ
һѪâָһŵû˷֮С
֮ϸֳһɫââһΪһʮɾ޴ɫ
˾͸ոշûĲͬȻʵһ㣬̹ͫһƣ渡ֳһɫ档
˺ʿϢһȻʩչ˷ҲǴķִһ
ɫһģһȻ˵ǰһţȻһƬɫ棬ͬʱβһڣ·һ޴ĸֱޣ
˿ʩչ֮弤ѣۼ˾˫֮оһнһɫɽأС
һ֮İɫӰϸֶһ̺ȻըѿΪɫ˷ȥ
Ӱڽ֮ʧˡ
ɫϱʮУϱһ˺ۣǹûһѪʹ˻
Ϊ׵ĺ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
·Ⱥ֮Уüһ¶һ˿ɫ
һ̣ìĺ԰׹һӰȻֶзɽ׹ʤΪһʮɳľ޴ם⣬Ȼ¡
СģΪ׵ĺĿһ
˫ìȻתɫ䣬һɫ˫ìһļǰ
ìĿ⣬ӭǴͼֵնµĽ⡣
޴İɫȻ£ͬɫì˲䱻ɫâû
һ죬ɫìȻм䱻һնϣһҽ
ɫâȻм䱻룬ѪȻ䡣


1182 

Ϊ׵Һ۷庣һŭĴһ͵һҧ⣬ſһѪǰɫϡ
ɫ̹ţϵ˿ۿɼٶȷɿĸԭӴһΣ͵ſһ£һϸ˿ļٶȼ죬תۼ䵽ǰ
﷽Ŵ߶һնɱ˶ì壬ɫǲ԰ֽǴһѪۣʹ˵ȻѾǿ֮ĩ
ΣǿһһתɫϷһ㽣һεĽâסȫ
ڴ˿̣һɫâӲ漤νâ֮ϡ
һ죡
νâȻɢȴһִ
ţһϸ˿ػڰɫ֮ϡ
ɫһ죬潣ȫֱ˳ȥǣƣſһѪ˴Ӱյ
Ϊ׺ϲһץָðˮ⣬
˿̧һֶ̧ޱȣһ˿֮ɫֻñĿ
·ȺҲһ󾪺
ڴ˿̣ߡಡһƿ촫һƱסƼķ
λȻҵҵ涯֣ǾͲҪߣȫ°ɡһº͵ĶС
۾ֻϾһӱڻУ俴ݺ󣬵һ
ӣȻ
ԶҲһʶһɨδܲ鿴Ϊǳɫ䡣
ãǻʿ
Ϊ׵ĺϾɫһ˵һ֣ɫ峯Զӡ
һ޴巴Ӧ΢һ㣬Ҳתһƿնߡ
ߣ
һһӣϺţһ֮´дܳɫӰһһҵķֱ׷ȥһ㵽ʮ֮⣬׷ߵ壬ٶȿľˡ
䡱䡱ӰѶΪźڹ⣬С
ֱ˿̣·Ⱥ˿̲ŷӦ˹һ󾪺
峤ԭЦĿżɱԼĴҵŰкȻֵӶ˴תɫıɷޱȣĲ˼顣
ǰȺ֮УԽĿŰеŵ˵
ǼͽʿҲһĿɿڴ顣
ǡʦܡ￴ݣЩȷ˵
þòʦ㡣ͷһۣ΢΢һЦ˵
˿̲ʶԼڻɫһ죬һվ䵽һԡ
࡭лʦܾ֮һ˿δˣһ
ʦˡ
֣ȻһУԶźڹɿƮ˹ٺڹһ¶Ӱڶ˫ĿգҲȫһ֪ӡ
ͶƷ壬˰Ǹ峤һɫ֪˭˸ͷһź׷תԶӶȥ
Ŀһɨһӣ֮׹һһֱ۴ϸĽɫ绡ȻͻȻһ֣ΪʮСһЩĵ绡ֱŷӵľ׷ȥ
峤ΪߣӵҲ죬һƬӯӯĶ壬תۼӳʮɣĴһ׵
ǰ峤֮£Ҫ˵ЩʲôϧЩɫ׹˿ûͣ٣Ȼ¡
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ɫ绡Χž峤һʣ׹һ峤ҽУ㻯Ϊ˻ҽ
һЩͼľˣҲһ⣬׹һ֮£ʬ޴ˡ
֮ݣǿָһӼնɱʮ壬иҺʿһĻΧɢһʱûһ˸˵ǱĶԼһһ׹
ʦܣ㡭΢죬ȻĿ
ڴ˿̣·¥֮һѪ⼤âһֳһѪӣɫЩ԰ףƺ
ʦ㡭Ѫԭһǰ龰ʱΪ֮һĿת˼תϣľɡ
Ѫʦܲصģλʦܣƴ½ڵĵӣҲƴ֮ˡＱæ˵
ԭʦ壬ѪӵѪмѪԣȻɻ֮ɫæֶһ
˵ƺʱͣһ£һۡ
ϢӴȻΪҺ֮ϣҶƺʦ֣ĳʦ塣
ѪֲؿЩƺνĿһɨﲻ˵ĵطǻǻطɡ
¥ƴ˵ĵطʦ뵽һɡһº󣬶ĳƺҲĳʦ塣
һ˴Ůһ۵˵ͷû˵ʲôץ壬Ȼȥ
˶٣ƴЩûͽǷɿԸ˼䣬˸¥
һߣ̨ɢȺʱը˹һ
˫Ȼһڵʿ赭дľɱ˼壬ָ˾ĺһƴ˫ǳվס˸š
һЩԭڹɢޣ׷ױʾԸƴˡ
û뵽ǰȻһʿԽմһУһʮ¶֮ɫ˵
ٺ٣Ǿһʿһ·ͬУҲ˸ˣߣҲȥԽմ˷ܵ˵
ԽֻһѰɢС壬ܺһϵǵĺôȻǲö˵ˡ

¥Ŀ֮У֮󣬺ܿ˷衣
ʦ壬벻һٶδѾ׵˻ڣǿϲɺأ֪ЩںδΪһֱûѶЩȲʵ
ʦ㣬ҵҲͬʦ־ͲˣǰǰƺĺáһЦ˵
ңʦȻѾǻʿСŮˡɫһ˵
ɫһҲûмʲô
ʵ˵ĳǰ⣬һռѷɣ͵һ½ֱղŵԷص׺֮򡣡£Ե˵һЩľ
Ѫһʱû˵
˵ĳ˫·ϣ˵ڲ׺֮ƺǣô£һתѯʵ
ʦ֪Ѿǲ׺֮ʵĵһ壬壬ʿѹƵĶӡü΢̾
ƴ󣬵׺ʵȻǿᣬƺûдﵽȳ̶Ȱɡüͷ΢΢һ˵
һʱһʱ׺Ѿ۲׺֮ģǺʹˡѪйĶ˵
ʹԣ⣬ԺϡһӰ


1183 䲻
ʦӦҲ֪۲׺ĺʣһٶǰ⵽׺Ϲ֮˶ӡǴʧһʱڰǰȻֲ׺Ϊ˵Ѿ浤ڡֲ׺֮󣬺ǿʵ˲׺壬ؽ˺ʹ֮㿪ʼ̲ĵڲ׺֮߳ϵĵ춼ѾʹͳΣƴ½֮£ȻǿŶ״̬ҲԽԽѾ޷̫ˡ̾Ϣһ˵
û뵽ҲѾ˲׺֮Ѿ浤ڣ⵹ǹˡɫ΢䣬૵˵
ѵʦ֪Ϊԭ򣿡ʵ
Ȼ֪Ҳܲµõ˵ɣһ뺣׿ͨռ˿ռѷ죬֮㱻͵½ʱҲڳӦҲ˹ȥ½õĳΪ΢һ˵
ԭʦ屻ȥ½һȻ֪ǴԴĴ½϶ֳĽɫ
½Դأ֮Ũ쳣ԴҲΪḻ׺֮ȵĻֻƶˡ
ʦĽˡð֪Ϊʲô̶ȣӦáӦòֹڰɣͨ齣壬ϢӦΪҲٻʿƴ˵ٵ֧ҲɢϢƺ֮¡
Ǻǣ½Եɺ֮³Ϊ̫ŵӣ浤֮һЦ˵
嶼һ΢ţûк£
⡭ʦ塭ǰѪиǺȻĻŵվ˵Щ״ˡ
ڲ׺֮浤ʿǸ߲ʵĴڣǧҲ˺һ浤ʿ
Ȼƴµӣ浤ʿǰﻹ¡
ǲ˰ɣ°ɣһҪʵġƽ˵
浤ʿǰûҵȵλЦһ˵
ҡҡͷһ֡
Ѫиеһ͵Ĵɼ˶һۣжһ˿
ʵ飬Ѿ֪ˣ棬˵Ҫ˫ݵ㣿ֿʵ
Ҳûа취飬Ϊ˶Կʹֻ֣ܾܼ˵һЩδʹʵռݵĵطټʿ˫ḻʿڶ࣬˸߲ǲңѪʦܣԪħŵĺʦϵϵɢȺ塣￴һۣ͵
桭ΪβӰĿһԪħźʹ˽һ֣һͬҲмӡ
ʦǰִʱʧ٣նûѶѾ°ȥˡѾˡѪһ͵˵
Ϊ˴ƴˣѾ伫ɱ֮¸ʱѾֲˡ޺޵Ҳӿڵ
ɫһʿѹȻԤ֮ϡ
˫ӣ֮ҲͶס˴˴Ҫ£ϵʿͬʱûʿƳ˫½յһĻѾﻮˣʦ弰ʱ֣ºļƻѾɹˡмĿһۣ˵
˵ͷĿһתڵϵԲѵĺϣһץзɳһźסһԴʩչѻ
Ƭ֮ջ֣һᣬû˿Ϣ
編ƣһҲʩչѻ
ʦеõʲôҪϢĿһʵ
ѪҲ¶רעɫ
˵Ѿ˲֣˸һ׹⵺ĵط׼һ˫и졣۾˵
׹⵺֪ط˫ǧԭһ˻ĵû뵽ȻǺ峲Ѩɫһݡ
һϢȷʵ˺Уţ˿Ѻ׹⵺С˵ָһɫʬ壬ֻǽһ㽫仯Ϊ˻ҽ
ǰ˴˻һϲ
Ѫжһۣһԥ󣬳ֵոʦչĳȥ˾壬ϵϵӦòˣЩ˫񣬿ڴ˵ľݵҲȥ֪ܷʦ֣ȳʦ֣˺峲Ѩ˳һ
ѪҲͬεĿ
ĳȻ뿪ƴ꣬ʼնǳڣȻƴ½£ȻԹ۵ġȻ˵
һɣæлһ
ʱһ´˿˫ϵƴ˵ӣ׼ֱӿ׹⵺
Сʱ֮˫ﰵĹע֮£ʿƺƵĳ׹⵺ɳ۶ȥ
һƬεɫĺϣɫĺˮ£ԵĹâ˲Ŀ֮С
ڴʱһƿ֮ӿд
ȥֻʮұɫĻֵķۻÿҷ֮ϣжʮƴ˵ӡ
ǰһҷۼװϣﲢӭĺ罫˵½󴵵졣
Ѫд˿̲ں氲Ŵ˴սһЩˡ
һ̡Ŀ˵
ʦ˵ָһ±紵ҵ㷢˵
һٶǰҺ͹ڵҶüǰԪ£֮ʱܡ֮շת½ȴ֪ҶӺôˣƽصƴ½Ŀһʵ
ʦʧٺ󣬾˵ҲĴѰҹʦ䣬һֱûнҶʦĻ˺ʹ󣬾ͻصڡ󣬿˵
˱ã֪Ҷôˣһɣֿһ䡣
Ҷʦ񲢲ڣ׼ȷ˵Ӧ䲻ˡȴ̾˿
䲻ˣһ㶣æ׷ʵ
ҲǺʹһս꣬Ҷʦһ֮ʱȻѶȫˣڳ˴Ѱң˿ûջ񣬲ҶʦڵıƲûѣӦûšҡҡͷ˵
üͷ΢壬Ҷüʵ׺֮浤ʿӦûʲô˺
ˣ֪Ҷںδʧ٣Ĭһ£Ȼһ
ڱھ֮£żϣ֪СŮҲǺ˵
˵ͷû˵ʲô
͵͵һֻۣǵɫв֪Ϊмֲ
ڴ˿̣һŲ˹ȴѪ˳
ʦ壬ǰ滹һʱ·̣ɵ׹⵺ˡ
ѪнųһӣһƤͼǰ
ãļ䣬˴ѨӦһںפأһΪķЩң׼ԸЩͽ׺ǡЩĲɵ˵
ѪмæӦһתԸȥ
˺ͼĿңǰĺ棬˿ûУ֪Щʲô
ˣҲû˵ֻĬĬվߡ


1184 Ԩʥ
ͬʱ
ʮ֮һϣХĺƬƬһ˶ߵ˻˴źߵɳ̲
ڵ츽ĺ֮䣬ʱԼһЩž޴ĺʿѲš
˴׹⵺
˵˵һϣŨŨϻ᷺˷׹⣬׺еһҹһ㣬ʶ
˵ûʲôҲϡ֮ʶϳȼ˵С⣬ʿгû
ٰļС壬ȴ˶ϱڲԫһҲޡ
һ޽쳣ߴʱʯڣһɫ۵ĳߣ֮ϣһĿ·
ⳤκ޼ֻ¶·ƤϣһɫƬɢϢҲԶԶ߹̨°ŵӣӦǽۺϵפسϣΪԼĪڻ¡
ʲôǼҺʦһﶼԸˣ¶ŭɫĴǳ
֪ҵۿҪնɱɾڽҪͷƽ޹ɱһݲꡣλʦһգ۹;ˣ˻Ͷ佫峤ڵʮϤɱҲǽֻԶԶĻȺУû˵ע⣬˻̨ºӻŵľȻһ󷢸ɡ
ô˵ʵҲڻ֮ϡ׹⵺˫֮òһˡ򸽽ͺפԮźţȸϹüͷһ壬˵
̨µĺ֪̬Ҳ˵˫һϽ˳ȥ
ʱһ̶ĺŽ
ϣˣ̽ӻرһʿ߸ӦϾҪˣſڷɿܽһʿЩʧ˵
ߣʿʱ϶Ǹ֪ðĻʿйءҪţѾ˴Ѷ֪ͨò˶þͻᵽˡ֪ͨλʦ׼ҾͲܹƺʴԴķ󲻳ɣüͷһ˵漴뿪
Ƭ̺׹⵺ʯĿյϿգ峤ƾ·ۼ˲ɫƤµĺʿÿһɢҺΪ
ͻȻɫһһ䣬кȻһɫӡ
ͳ죬ֻǶһ֪ĻʿǷҪ˴ƣ·һ߸ݵĺʦЩʵ
ߣȻĿŵĹ϶ƾ̡Ѳɣҵжôһȡ
ĺʦɫһ䣬ҲҶԡ
ųһ£ຣʦҲ׷ͳһ˸΢Сһɫ죬һĳźܷȥ
Ƭ̹󣬳Ŀ⻷֮£ȷϼʦѸ͸λվڵ켸֮󣬽бɫӳſһףڷ߶֮£һɫâʢĴһ׷û
һһ׳ޱȵɫ
ĺʦˣʱȫ֮пע룬һâź󣬾ͷ죬һƬƬɫϼ⳯мɫϯȥ
ɫϼӿͻȻ顱һɿɢգۼ仯һɫİԲ͸Ļ
һƬƬϼԴԴϵעĻУɫĻʵͬһ㽫С
ˣѳɣλ˾ְֻҪֵԮʱϱһʹ˸֪ǿߣҲǵĶ̧֣׿ɫĻһ˿ɫķԸ

һʱ׹⵺ĳһǰ
׹⵺Ͽգ˿ѾۼĺʿԴȫɫƤףгŸι״ıнǧ֮ӡ
ͬʱһ㱦ɫķѽС
ֱ棬˶ɫתΪ¡
֣ӻԻԨ֣˵ǺЩģʮǿҪո죬Ϊֶһ񣬼ǻʿûչҲԺһԵﻺ
㲻صģа취Ȼ˵ڹһ˲ʧǰ
ͬʱ׹⵺ϵıɫϷĳռ䲨һһڹƾճ֣˲¶һӰ
ֻұһ䣬ɫȭͷϣΪһ޴ĻͷһХУ˲˱ɫĻ֮ϡ
춯صľ췢
Ļ֮ϣһƬۿɼƸֶŻΪһſžһ㣬׷ױѶ޴ನ˷ʮ־ˡ
׹⵺ϵĽۺۿˣʧɫһЩٿĺʦѪɫһҧأķ˿ϧке֮С
ƬɫʱԴԴϵӿͷҡҡ׹ıɫϣǸֹ˷ֱٶȡ
ܣ
еĽ峤߾֣룬Ϣ͵ر¶һ˿֮ɫһ䣬һɫĳѳϡ
ͳ죬Ҫ·ļʿŵʵ
û뵽ʿǿ󣬺Ԩָס˵ĹٲٻʥޣԮδǾҪ˴ˡкȻȴǿ򶨵˵
δ䣬ȭͷϵĺڹһһӴѹ˲串ס˵ɫĹ֮ϡ
ꡱһ
Ԩ͵һ𣬾ӨɫƬͬһ㣬̼
ѵģޱվ׹⵺Ͽա
׹⵺ϵĺʱΪ̼ܵ䲨
ɫһû˿ԥؿһһϢŷԴԴϵӿ˳֮С
ɫĳѶʱâţһɴ̶ĵ˲䴫
ʿֻ·ԼԼһ𶯣ˮ˲䷭һںľ޴ӰӶʱڿն𣬳ʿ֮䡣
޴ӰȻһͷθߴʮɳӴޡ
ͬһ壬ɫƣѪӣŷһƬɫҺ壬ʮ־ˡ
СģǺʥޣۿǰֵľߣæ󾪵ĳѵ
ʿһʥޡһɧͬ¶ηɫ
һ޴޳֣ʿ
һҪ̳֣ߺȻЫˣ⺣ʥ޵ѪҿǴ֮ͽЫԸɣ
Ҳãͽˡ
üͷһǰһӣһɫһ˲ûһ˸ߵĽɫЫ
лˡЫʮϲкһ󣬾ͻΪһԶȥ
ֻԶһ𣬹Ыͻŵĳ˾޴ǰֻǰֻһһɿֲѹ
ͷʥ޲ΪһӦЫɢĿֲѹ󣬵һ飬˵һŤһɫճҺ˲仯µĹסȫͬʱ޴ͷ­һڶոճĺٴλæһͷȥ


1185 ķ
յЫˣɫâ΢΢һһģ֮£ͬ˲һͻȻ˺ʥ޾޴ͷ­ǰ˫һ䡣
顱һ죡
һСɵǯڿһͬпֽмһ㣬˺ʥ޵Ļ̼ףֱ˫Ŀ֮С
ʱȺѪҺɾ롣
໡
ʥ޾ʹ֮£һ֮Ȼһٵͣ˰գ޴ͷ­˦ҪЫ˦ѳȥ
ȻЫȴһסͷ­ͬʱĹڿлһۻҵĺߣͬһܼĴ˺ʥ޵Ķͷ֮ϡ
֮͡
ʥ޶ͷںºһϸܵĺڵ㣬ֻǺڵ˿Ѫۼԣһɺ֮ɫӺڵ㴦˲佫źʥͷ­ȾĺһƬ
ʥ޵͵һŻµͬ˲䱻һ㣬޷ֺˡ
ʱеЫͻȻſ˼סʥͷ­˫ƹһ̼任һֻʮɾ޴ĹЫ
꣬
ֻͬ¥һľ޴ǯļס˺ʥ޵壬Ӳںʥ޵˺˻ͬХһһƬʮɸߵľˡ
ۡ
ˮз˼޴ˮݣһؽغʥ޵ʬ帡ֶһɺѪҺ˲Ⱦһ
һЫһŴĿĽɫâٴγںϿգֻǴ˿ٴλΪ˱СһǰƺҫԼʤ
ųЫʥޱɱǰ󲻹Ĺ
⡭浤ޣ
ֲ̫ˣ
졭ӡ
һͷڵʥ޾׾ٵıɱкʿ־֪֮˭м󣬵
ĳҲѾѪɫæ׹һȻģһҪҶߡ
Ǹոԭزɵľ룬ȴֵķ֣ºڹһһ۰׹ɵӽԼС
ʶĳһɫֱһ֮£ɲʱʮƬӰͬһǰİ׹֮ϡ
ϵķ·ײĴ췢
նЩ׹ϣȻ׷һδնЩ׹Ƿֺ
峤дݣƷͨСɽһȻǰ˲á
־ĶſڸҪ˵Щʲôƿ֮һɫһģ֮µһ
ΧҪܿĺʦʱΪһƬѪһδʬ޴档
߻麹죬Ҳֺˡ
ڴʱڹһ¶Ρ
ޱĵһ㣬ɫһıû֮У赭дû˿
Ѫп˴Ŀɿڴˡ
⡭ôܡͬ𺳵ļ˵
ʿ߿бֶ翴һ㡣
ʱ˿ԶЫ󣬵˵ͷĿһɨݹ⵺󣬳屳һ֡
һʿȻ̻һź󣬾ȫһɢ׹⵺Χ˸ˮйͨ
һкٳһ㡣
ۡһλһźѮһĴߡ
㡭㵽ʲôˡҲǺʴ˶ֵģȻĿǿ־֮ɫȴȻĵ˵
ԣ¶һ˿ͣųߵĶͷһһźɫʱû˳ߵͷ­
ƺʲô죬г˷һЩŹȴ˵һ仰
Ϊ˵ʩѻֻǾ֮Ͱˡ
Ƭ̺üͷһ֮кһʱͷ­ͬܵǧＷѹһ㣬Ѫֹһ̼ûϢ
ҲߣͬһƲһһףԶĽǰ
зߣɱۡ
ߵʬ壬ɵ׹⵺ϿգȵĴ׹⵺ϵкС
ϵĺ忴ڳϵʬ壬һɫǾ
Ѫ¶һ˿ϲɫһֱʿӿ׹⵺ϡ
ʱһЩԴеĺʿûʲô֮󣬾ȻһҧأҪͻΧȥ
Щ֮л֮ǰʦ˿ͻѣնɱͽʿ˺˰ΧȦһӣһɫĶݹ⣬ۿҪӳ졣
ɫһָһɫ׵䲻ݷļһģ֮£׷⼸ʦ
ҽмͬʱ𣬽Զݹһڽһ£ѿ
ͼĺʿһ˾ʱ֪׷ͣԭأſе
Ѫкܿƴ˵ĵӣЩͶĺѹͬʱɻǵ
ûЩ㲻Ƿˡ
屻ϵһԣƴ˵ĵѪд£ܿռ׹⵺
ûȥֶվڰգ¶֮ɫƺڿʲô
Ƭ֮һɫӵϼͣ
ʦ壬ѾȫշϵĸֽʩҲѾȫٻ﹧˵¶һ˿ϲɫ
ڴ˽Ѩڻ˲ʣ¶У˫ݵĿȫ㹻ˣƴ˲
Ǿͺáͷ
ѱ죬Ҳûҵѡüͷһ˵
Ҹոͨѻ˽⵽֮ǰ˴ˡޱ˵
ȻˣֻȻ˫ˡ¶¶һ˿ź
ʱ䣬˳Ľ׹⵺һض飬˫ɶݶȥ

ʱ˫ȴǰӿ
ʿһǿߣ֮ڱ׹⵺Ϣֶߡ
˫ϵĴСһʱǻȻ
һЩǱ˫ĺ˷֮󣬴ʧɫϽĹ
֪̽廯ڳϽʬ屻ߵĴ˫ʱ̾ڸĺ̸ϽԶԶ뿪˫֮⡣
˫ϵСҲһС𶯣ԶеĹϵʼʿ
һʱ䣬֮£ʿѸٵ˫ĿȨ
պ˫ǵһ֮С
˴ڲʳΣԼĪʮɴС滹һЩĿװΣг봦һëƤ⣬ֻʣ԰ľˣõΪª
֮ϵ߻վʿɫ
ʦ壬˷Ƕ㣬˫Σ֣ƾԭʵ޲ˡ˫Ѷ֪ʦкţﳯл
ұǾʶ˼ġҴȻڿˣ˵˴ƴ½Ĵһ¡ڰֺ󣬻һת˵


1186 
Ȼû⣬׼׵ĪھҪߣһ˵
ǵģԽԽãƽ˵
ʦȻѶʹʦȥ￴Ѷֻ˵Ļص
ͷվתһԱɫѪУȻ¶һ˿ֱ飬һ͹Ȱĳǰֱһһָһ
Ѫд󾪣ʶĺ˱ܿ
Ҫ˵һ䣬Ȼȴ˲ɵĿ
Ѫһ飬ʵʵվԭزҶ
ָһ֮£͵Ѫü˿˿ӿ롣
ΣĿһ˿ɫȴʶȤûж˵ʲô
Ƭ֮˵ͷ
µľˣ̫⣬ҰһѣӦÿһЩ֮ˡַ˵
⡭лǰѪ¶֮ɫһ鹦ԭȵ谭Ȼ޴棬ҷھתٶȻ˼ֵӣ¿ϲ˵
ˣҲͲයˣǰ·ɡ˵
￴Ѫоϲı飬Ȼµղų־ȻΪѪУ΢΢һɣæӦһĳƫȥˡ
һյ蹤󣬶ѾĳС
һķʯңһªСʹ⣬ıڶǿյûκζӡ
ʦ壬и֮롣ʦصƴ½пգǰһˣһ¶Ը֮¡ƺ뵽ʲô˵
òǺԶȥһҲ޷һ˼ÿɷĵ
漴ͷһΪӰһΣû˴УŵŴĽƴһڹһ֮£˱㳹ڴʧӰ١
һֻ̣ܹâһͳһ޴ķ֮С
ǰſڴȴӰһεĳߣǿش˴֮ˣ˿¶֮ɫĿ
˫ϵʿҶԺźɣΪ׵һüʵ
Ҳûʲôƾ֤ȴҲ鷳ڹһһģϢԭȻʧ
ơžһ󣬾κϢˡ
λ߶ʱ

˵ƴ½ٺСˣΪսҪƴڴ˴Ѿ޴Ĳ˫ĴȻªһ㣬ҲʡȥԼó̵鷳
Ƭ̺Ѿһͨĺ߳ϿգʶɨһĿ¶һ˿֮ɫ
漴ҡҡͷһεʧԭء
Զߣһڹ⣬ڷɶݶȥ
СеͨˣɴҴææ˿ûвк쳣֮

˼պֵܵľɫҲô
֮ǰһƬ಻ϵأһЩٽĳҲ֮ԽƵĳ֣ɿ˶ȥ
ĿһɨǰĳСƮģһ
ƿ
ʱԶɽдһ֮
ųʶһɨ֮£ȴʮµʿʮʿΧм䡣
ȥͻȻüͷһЩʿ··ע⣬һ֮£ɶݶȥ
ɱ֮˷ĴµʿбжеĹâƾƽһɰʿѹס˫ҲֻһЩͽʿˡ
ԶһСɽͷϣͽڵĺʿ֮ƵĽһ׷ϸΧм䡣
ʩչһЩͽ׷ΪһſŻ򣬻һУ׷ϸڼȥ
ͷϸȻͽΪһѳõĵҲΪ죬ΪһӰ·ʵʵЩʱһˣİͷϸˡ
׷ϸ˱Ͼ˥˿Ȼս֮£Χɱֻʱˡ
ٺ٣׵ѣֻ㵹ùԹԵķֽֿɷ֮һʹ㡣һźµĺЦ˵
ߣƴҵҲҪа޳Щͷ׷ϸ˾ǿ˵
ҴὫ£ܣ㻹ܷӲ󺺷ŭĴ
ʣͬԣʱһȻǶʲôа
˳ſſͣһ죬ɺѪӿһӿڰһ£˲仯һѪס˰ͷϸ
׷ϸɫ󾪣еĳȴѪ֮ͬһ㣬ó쳣ٶҲȻ
ü󺺼üͷһϲһ˫ֻһ⣬ٵŰ׷ϸ˱ȥ
ۿžҪ˰ͷϸͷϣ
ֻкڹһһƬɫͬһ㣬˲סеĺаޡ
һɰʿδӦǰĺʿȻͬǧһ㣬ĴָѪҪЩʿΪ࣬һ˿ûдѾˡ
ͽڵĺӣҲͬںڹ֮£ɸһ㣬ͷŵѪ˲ɢ¶԰׵İ׷ϸˡ
֪ʲô
˰׼Ҽ̶֪ǰǺηʥһҲõл׷ϸ˾ǼģƬ̴ͺ̻ع˫һؿڵ
ϸ˾ǵ׼ҵİ̶
׵ѣòˡ
䣬кڹһһӺȻ˰̶ǰ
㡭ǡ̶һ˿ɣһǰ˵òʱ
׼⻰ͬһ
ȻʶǰλͨǰʵԽһ޷תˡ
û뵽ʱ֮ã㻹ϳҲѵá
뵽ԼԵɺϽ˰׼Ұ״֣ŵԲڣӶ޵ĻᣬҺӰ׼һĸɷͼҲʮ־޴
ǰİ̶ͽʿʱ֮£ഺ٣ԭŮΪϸ
һʱ䣬Ҳһꡣ˲ָֻ糣ܡ
ǰؿˣ׼ֻʣһ򣬶Ҳûʲôʾ֮ҲĻаޣŪǱ̶һ仯ڳ̾һ˵
ǿ֮£׼Һܹһδزһ¡ԣƽ˵
֪ܳõĵֻǰ׼ұѾʼ˥䣬ʹ֮⣬µճҲᷭŹ׼ҵġ̶˵ɫȻĻص
ҵҲ¹һݻԵһԵķʩҲѣҺʿҲ޷һʹʿҲԽסһʱ·ɡüͷһ壬һ˵˼һתöڹɵķ˹ȥ촽΢Ľ̸˰̶ʩĿھ


1187 ʬ
׼Ҷлǰˡ̶ɫϲ˫ֲŽӹָм˵
Ҳ˵ʲôڹһĳ𣬻ΪһݹƿԶȥˡ
̶¶ӵݹԶȥ򣬰κ󣬲ų̾Ϣһ

ڷȥһ·ͣٷҹ֮һƬֵɽȻĿ֮ʮ߰һΡȻɽ壬ԸƣƺƣٲȻһ˼ɾ
⾰½ɽȣȻС׼ˣƴ½ѵһ⾰¡
ݹ⣬ն΢۾Զߵһɽңңȥ
ɽĽͬƬһ㣬һʮִִɽ࣬ɽƣֱͨɽ֮ϡ
вֻ֮ɫ
û뵽뿪ô꣬ȴû̫ı仯Ϥľɫһ
̾һ䣬һǰȥ
ڴ˿̣󲨶һһֻɫۼ׵ĹȻֶ㳯һץ¡
һûκףһʧӰһץ˸ա
һͳ˻жһһߵɫʬ˰ա
˽ʬΣֻȮ¶ȫѰʿû
°ɫƬȴһͬһᣬʮָ׸Ƿޱȣɫۼףɲ
ɢϢȻﵽ˻ڡ
ףʬɫʬһ˿⡣
ɫʬзһͺ𣬱һҪת
ڴ˿̣󲱾һһס壬һ
𣡡
ɫʬзŭȻǽʬΪͻƻѾǣθıá
ɫ˫͵һȣʱһĳɫâţ
һ˿ɫֱϴһ
ɫʬ¶ʹ֮ɫһɿֲӱϴҪһĲӡ
ɫâʱðޱȣҲзʹİȴûһ˿ֿ֮
λѣ顣һŻҰԶĳɽмдһϵ
Ŀһ㽫еӰһü΢΢һ
֮ˣһͷǷޣͷ׷ĻߣǵΨһһλʿߡ
һٶȥΪȴǻڣòȴԽԵòˡ
˿̵ߣԶԶĿűһֻƷɫʬһ˿ɫ
ͷʬԴӰǰɹ֮Ϊǵķɿ죬ѾҪ˻ڵľ磬½ǹ룬ȻΪɱﵡ
ֵƵַƴ֮ʣΪ庣壬ʶ֮ųΪѲɽ֮ã̤ɽŷΧİ֮ˣз£û뵽ȴԷƷ
֪ǺηʿͻȻڣĳв֮벻Ҫ֡δʶɨ־˿ԷΪʱһݣæңңĺһ
ϾǶԷŭ֮£ԼļʬȥԼʧɾʹˡ
֪ΪΣԶɢϢмϤ·һ
Ժ֮зɿĽ֪Ļǿ߻һ飬ƺûкǰ˶ԵϺŵģܹõƷʬҲǻڵΪˡ
˵ڣƴɵУ֪ܲѵԷһӵĿ֮ʿ
΢΢һЦ˵ʦ壬ò벻ëʬѾɹ׷ʬˡ
԰գץɫʬᳯǰһף㽫˻ȥ
ɫʬɴ⣬ɾֵĹֽһĳ߷ȥ
ߴ˿̲ſɵɴһԷڳʦ壬æϸ˶ԷһۣԺ͵һٶǰһڵӰʱ¶֮ɫЩȷ˵㣬ʦֶ
Ǻǣ겻û뵽ʦ廹ǵ¡һȭ
ʦֶΪ߰βŻַɽһЩ룬Щɵʵ
һٶǰǰԪִʱ⣬շת֮±͵˲׺֮أһֱǱֱŵط׺֮򡣡΢Ц˵
úã벻ʱ䣬㾳磬ʵǱ֮ɽһ𡣡ԣȻϲ֮ʬһա
ʦ롣˵
ȻҲ˻ڣʦ־ͲˣһѼɡɫ
Ŀһ˵ͷûеԼʵ浤Ϊ飬ȥ
ɽдСɽʮ̨ͤ¥󣬴Ũƺ֮УһЩŷεʿƼƵڸɽ֮䡣
ŵһɽϼӴĽȻǰׯϣһ۾ϳеִáؾһЩΪϤĵطвɵһ֮С
ɽһ֮ǰ£˽ȥ
ʦ壬ոտǷ˺¡һߴӵ˳һ߶ˣʱһ
ŻʯʶһӦϢһ֮£δϸæȹһ
ʯλǰ
ʦֶúÿɲǱˣǵû˵ѾһЦ˵
ǣʦܡʯԣһ̧ͷĿ۾
ƽʦ֣겻Цһ˵
ʦܣЩ㵽ȥˣڵΪʯɫһϲ漴ֳָɫ
ˣڴ£ҲǺ棬Ƚȥ˵ɡ߰˰ֵ˵
Զԡ롣ʯżæÿ·˽¡
Ҷüǰ׺֮£֮Ѷȫˣ֮ҶҲѶ˵ʧٵľո˵Щһ׺֮⵽ô£һ£ʦЩȲʵ
ҶԲڱԪܣ֮㱻Ѻһ¿󶴡ҲûԵĽЩľ˵һ飬漰֮£Ȼȥˡ
ߺͻʯһ·ɫ䣬Ѿ½Ĵ̫֮һ̫ţ浤ڵΪʱסˡ
桭浤ڡ߹˲΢ţŵĿ
ʯ˷·ʯһ㣬˵
½ʥأ浤ʿ̫Ҳֻпɶѣ󾳣ͨĴҲкܶ࣬ǲ˾ȡҡҡͷ
̫ţĻԵ
ŻعϾɫȥһЩǲ˼૵
˵Щˣ֪뿪Щ꣬Σڲ׺֮˵ٲ׺֮Щһֱѹƴ½ʿԸ̸Ϊ飬һתʵ


1188 ˷
ѣŶǰѾ֪Щˡ߶ĳƺָһ¡
ѣǰ־Ͳˣһƽֱཻӳƺ־Сҡҡͷ˵
ңǰѾ浤ܷ߼æƴǵ˵
²ΪʼնڵӣҪźã·Щˡɫƽ˵
Ȼ˵ˣĳͲƴˡ߸е΢Ӳһ㣬æӦ
֪ǰٲ׺֮򣬲Ϊؽ˺ʹۼһվɲЩһֱ𲽲ʳ׺֮ԭ׺ҲѾշǳΪռƴ뺣սԼʶǳΪצԼȻǲˡƴ½شƫƧƴŽһ£Ҳѱ̲ˡˣ£Ҳ֧Ų˶ˡһɬĻ˵
ڣЩһֱƵͺ忪սԪˣʵѲ㵱ʮ֮ƴ˵Ҳˡ߶˶ٺ󣬼˵
ˣ֪Ӥһˣ˵ͷƺ뵽ʲôֿʵ
ʺͺѾ˽⵽һЩƴĶӣҲԤϵˡ
ӤһʦֶʮǰһκͺĴսвˣӤһʦֻʣʦֶһˡ̾˿˵
յûڣ˿ڹȪ䣬Ҳֻܰ̾Ϣˡ
ӤһĳɫӱͲ࣬ڳڷԵƣʯ䣬ЩƵԴΪϡȱû˽ʦҲ
Ҳǲ࡭һԵĻʯżӿڵ
һѯʣεķ֣Լڵ񻹻ŵѾ޼
ĲڤǾʦ壬վûͻҺڵƿԪͷˡ
һʦɷһʦʦҲЩͺĽսȺ䡣
ϵɺͶźڰǰѾΪ˵£֮źԾͻʦ˱˫˫ص˼֮УѲڶʱ
ǹһǮҺѰٵһԵҽҺڳΪʦŴ龫ֵŮҲѾˣ֮壬Һھ磬Ϊɽе
߳ǵ֮壬ЩΪ֮£һѾҺڴԲϣ׻֮ˡ
ΪصǬȴڰǰͻȻ뿪ţӴѶˡ
ʦҲˣüͷ΢΢һ壬һʦ֮УҲֻǬмֽ飬û뵽˴λȻҲԵ档
֪йǬˣΪأһػʿƼ뱾ڣͬʱһʲСԴҵʱйԥſǣǽˡͺս󲻾ã˱ȻֲǬߣ֮ȫѶˡ˵
Ŷʦ־ȻЩȵ˵
йǬҲʼûвʲôҲδк쳣ٶ±ûˡʯŲ˵
Ի˵ͷйâ΢
ڶʢ֮ʱԭнʮʦʣʮˣԪҲûмˣԱο˵ΣڵѹЩȻͲˡߴĳ˵
΢΢һЦû˵
ǰعϢҪ֪ͨʦһЩʱپٰһӷ䣬ټеμǰףŵһ浤ʿʯҲЦ˵
˵ġһʱԹ˸ˣȻˣʦֶ㼴ȥɡߵͷͬԸ
ʯŴӦһվ
ԲЩ֣ɡȴһֵֹ
ߺͻʯԾһ
ȻѲϲЩǾͼһ°ɣԺֻøʦһѣ˿ɺã߳Ƭ̣ѯ˵
˰ɡҸոջȻؾӤɽҲùַǵ⣬վ˵
ߺͻʯȻûż߳˴
ݹһ̳𣬳žӤɽȥ
벻һӣȻ浤ھ磬ʵû뵽ݹԶȥʯЩŵ૵
յľ磬϶ֹ˵򵥣ҲЩǱڵɽһҪ߾һе£סȥѶʦԺһ½ӷ顣ַԸ
ǣʦ˼ȫȥšʯżæӦһ첽ȥ
ʯߺվڵſڴ˰ΣƺڿʲôƬ֮Ҳ첽뿪ˡ
ʱѾΪһ⣬һɽ֮ǰ
ԶԶȥɽʮߴĽȻԼưܣһ۾˳ԼʱľӤɽ
ɫһڹһ֮󣬱ᳵ·ĳɽһʯϿա
סСԺ˿̿ȥıƺֻԺ俴һֱû˾סԺﵽ˺Ļҳ
˼ۣһ˿׷ɫ
ٰ׼ӵܣʽӤһһĬĬŵļӳɳŶΪ֮ĿʦеĵεΣȻ¸꣬ȴȻĿ
κҡҡͷһžӤɽɽȥ
һھӤɽǰȴһ
ֻ֮ǰĹ㳡ϣվһ˫޷׵۵ãǶʮӤһӣķԡ
۵ÿԼĪʮģ۽΢ƣϡܿ伸ʱò
յá
һӰյ΢΢һ
ˣžľҲһ˿·ʱһ´Խһٶ֮ǰոձӤɽ֮ʱ
ʦ𡣡ܿľӵñϹϾһ
ʦָոմѶңһЩţٶ겻浤ʿ˵ʦͽƣʱǨʵڲٽԵ࿴ˡӵϸۣĿο֮ɫǿЦһĵ
ʦ˵ﻰӶܵʲôʱҶµӡ̧ͷһһ˵
ӵԣɫһ仯Ƹжַ·Щ̾Ϣ죬վû˵ʲô
ʦЩǾӤһĵ𣿡⣬Ŀںͽʿϡ
ЩӿʮᣬΪͽڣΪҲֻ˵ӡ
дʮ½ĵӡӵûͷһӣͷ˵
ǰŵһͬ
ãضˡ˵ͷĴһץһɫȦһŵĳڵͷһſʮϤС


1189 շ
ЩӤӶʱһůƺӿ֫ٺڵķɿתͬʱů͸ȫë֮нһɹɺɫճҺ
յüˣƺ뵽ʲôһ㣬ΪмĿһۣʲôû˵
һ㹤һ˦֣ɢȥֱߵĺڹ⡣
ЩͽӶʱֻӯ˺֮ܶ࣬䣬һͷų裬ʮֵá
ӵȻʩΪ֮£㽫Щͽڵӵľؿ˲٣Щ֮;ôȻԶ
лǰʮӤһһϲæлһ
һЦİ˰֡
ڵΪΪһЩͽʿ׾費Ǿ֮ͣȨǼˡ
ӵõĴ£߽˾Ӥɽ֮С
Ŷ룬һɹӶϤϢ˼һڡ
˴Ͱಢûжٱ仯ֻǵľӤһȻû䣬ôڻйȪࡢյʦʯһɵӼüһãҲڣ룬ȴֻʣһİڷڴˣһ˵ļį֮С
յ˰һ󣬶˲£ֶ
ʦЩǾӤһȫĵ𣿡Ŀһɨʵ
ǵģԴӹʦ֮һҲ̵̫ӣյĲ࣬Ӥһ㻹ʱûࡣӵ̾˿˵
ʦ飬ҴӻʯҲ˵ˣҵʿ˱ͱ޳ʦ𲻱ѹȰο
ӵԵ˵㡣
ʱ˱˴һӵѯһЩҲϸ˽⵽˾Ӥһ
һͬӤһ㣬ѦɽСٻˣںͺ彻ս֮䣬ԪͷΪꡣ
ʦս˥ϵò˼һһ㡣
ɫƿһɫһɫƳϣڵʦһЩܹĵҩ㲻ȨΪТɣ
ƿ֮ǵҺʱõ쳤ͰɫƷһһأҲá
յȻһ۾ͿĲ֮ƿҩƿҲܸӦɢľ
ЩֹǲǷŵƴ½Щʿ֮УҲȻͷѪĺö
⡭ҲˣΪʦҲˡӵһ˿ԥ֮ɫƺ˵ЩʲôǽЩ
ˣȴ̾˿
ϴŵҩ浤ʿ֮ҲҪڲʹá
ϰÿһʱһ´ߣҪĶʯܹʹͳȥĲࡣ
֪᷵ƴĻӦûǰɹһõĶ
ϴŵĸĵҲ٣ֻҪһ㹦㹻ܽڵʵһˡ
ӵ̸ʱɽҲ׷յŵĴѶ

һ֮УһЩʮģİ֮ϣòϡɱǵĹֲ
ִòŮӣȻǮŴ
Ǯһ֬㷢ںڷ߸ɫĮ
ŴѳˣһǧĵĴˣһŹٿԡ
ֲֳһѶ̣¶㵵ɫ
ʦ㣬˺£Ǯ￴ֲɫɵÿʵ
ֲ½Ѷ˵һ飬ǮŴʱȵĳ͡
ҵоѰû뵽ٶ깦򣬾Ȼ˳ɾֲ͡Ŀ˸˵
ǮŴһۡ
ǵӤһǸСӣŴЩš
úԣǰѾ浤ʿĪҪǻֲɫһѵ
Ŵͷ͡
ʦټҵʦǰȥݼǰ߰ɣ̶ǰӤɽֲվвɵ˵
ǮŴԣæվжֳһ˿档

Ѫһ߳һϣʯһվǰ
߳ò仯Ĵò࣬ҲΪ࣬ţҲȻʯŰ٣˿˫ĿԲɣһŵ顣
ʦ𣬴µ𣿡߳Ŀһʵ
Ȼģ飬һƭ㲻ɣѾ浤ڵΪŵʱϵЩãȻݼʱһҪעһ¡ʯɫصĸ
֪߳ɫһ任˵ͷ
֪ĸʱ˿ȴֺܵʯ˵
ʦģǰѾ浤ʿҾȥͼġ߳ɫɬĴ˵
׾ͺã߰ɡʯ߳ԣɫһɣ첽߳˴
ɷһɽ壬һƷžӤɽȥ֮վһߣǵ͹Ȫִĳɽ
ͺսɷһҲ;Ӥһһֻһʦ֧ųˡ
ʬһһʦʱҲ׷װŵӤɽ

Ӥһ֮ϣžӤɽز裬ӵô˿Ѿڴ֮С
ȻźȲ裬ʶȴѽ֮һࡣ
ʦϻ㼯ڵС㳡ϣ˿ڻʯŵİµվٲȻ׼˵һͬڲμ
ડ
һŲԶ˽ȴ߹һŶ롣
ѣҺĵҲͬڣЩˣαظ֣ءδ߿ڣվһ¡
˵ﻰѾ浤ʿеǲģڵݺΪֻоۻᣬѾѻعϢ֪ͨƴɣǲμպĴ䡣ǰдѯ֮˵
üһνĴ䣬ʵǽ֮ۼʿֶͬԸʵĲԡ
Ȼ¹ƴˣҲͲ˵ʲôֻ΢ͷ
л£һҪ͵ܹӦûоܽӣ˿漴վϿҵ˵
Ȳ˵ӦӦ˵ƽ˵
ƴ½ͺսʿҲǺܴʦĴмƲӵĵزɸǳż֮⡣ԪҪͷȴûһڵʿܹ̳²ʵɲ⣬˷ܹӹڣĳҲ޺ˡ˵ţһ
ֲˡĿһһ̧
߶ʱеһɴס壬ζʱֺҲݲȥһľηһ֡
ĳƴǣֻ;׷֮·ڴ˵ʵû˿Ȥּ¡ԥ˵


1190 ̫ϳ
ʦԣ϶ʱ¶ʧɫ飬ȰĻҲ˵ˣֻܿЦһ˵ȻѶִûȤǿɷԸⵣα̫ϳһְ
̫ϳϣмֳɡ
浤Ϊڵְ̫֮ȷǴ´ġ
ȲҪžܾĳ֮룬ֻѵͷеӣͬʱҲС֮Ǿ鷳ѷֺġ߼æ˵
ȻֻǹҸͷ⵹ԴӦġ΢һڵ˵ͷ
εȷ̫ãҲǲ֮ˣο֮䣬Ҳ׿ڴӦҪշһڵġ
̫ˣлѳȫߴϲһ
ӦģҲ˿һЩ̱ԪĵҩӦÿΪһʮ꣬һμʹðɡ΢΢һЦһȻһɫСƿһɢźɫεĶ̰ݵǰ
ʦһٿǰܵƿŨҩͶ̰ɢǿѹ΢΢
Ҫ֪ƴ½ǻʿʹõҲƷƷΪ˵ˡ
лѺͣҲͲˡ߽סƷѡ
һЩõģҼǵñڶڴ˵Ϊͨģдһ°ɡȡһ﷨ݸߡ
æ˹ʶһ̽˶ʱ֮ŴϲӦ˹
⡭ѴôģȻµӵԵ˶ĺķѣ᲻ԵʲôӰ죿ֻȡһ뼴ˡǰлһЩĵʵ
ַģ涫ȥþˡ֮ﶼȻòģҲΪھһЩɡ΢΢һЦ˵
¾ͷˡ˿ģ漴СĵĽ﷨
Щ㹻ʮ֮ãֻҪʹõõһʿӦò⡣
ɽеʦѵ룬ǽɡ߳ⷽ˿תͷʵмʾĿǡ
ðɡͷһˡ
߿첽˳ȥƬ֮󣬴ٴαƿһĽŲ˽Ǹɽʦ
̧ۿȥԻʯΪףֻʮ˵ӣԼ
ɨһֲֻۣ𣬳棬߳壬ǮŴȼףʦûôӦ½ʦ
ЩĿһۣͼæͷ
ֲ𣬳ʦ϶¶һ˿Źɫ
ǮųǰйһЩӴ֮оһЩнȴЩ档
߳վȺ棬ɫӵĿۣͼæͷȥߴΣվȺ֮мΪۡ
ɨ˸߳һۣƿĿ⣬˿ɫûС
λǰλε̫ϳϡϣһֱǱޣղŸոշţѾﵽ浤ڵľ硣һָ˵ڼ֮⡣
ϡʮʦȻѾ֪ŴԾ̲סһ
ƴ½׺֮ǧҲͳһ浤ĺʣڶôһ浤ڵʿſ²գ½λҲ֮ˮǴߣԺķչȻҲض˵ˡ
ΪʦҲܹõٺô
ضҲɡ˵
һʦԣһۣλӹ£һѵģ
üͷһ壬ֳ棬ɲóǵ˸ɫߡ
ǺǣҲ˾нϴ˴Ϊɻصڣǧһʢ£ʦѴС
ߵ¿ʼ߶߶˵һѣԴչľһһһ˵ǿڳĸʦһ˲١
ˣټҹǺϼһ棬һ£Ǿպ󼴽еĴˣѾƴ˵ɹ󣬴ӽ쿪ʼҪʼץˡ߻һת˵
߲ǹˣһʱɵİȥڳ֮˶쵽
һʱ֮ʦŷ׷׸ȥ
ʱ˵ƴһЩɵҪ
Ŷ˵ƴԪħţһڣѵڵȴΪˣһᣬüͷһʵ
ƴ½ЩʵǿȻΪԪħŵλΪȻǴǰҲǸɡ߿ЦһԳĽ˵
˵ͷƴ֮ʱԪħţһڵʵЩ˽⣬ȷʵڵȴǿĶࡣ
ˣ֮УԪħŵԪħǰ⣬һΪٵڵɢޣīʵҲǲС󣬼˵
ٵڵɢޣĿ΢΢һмȻû뵽ƴ½ԪħȻٵʿĴڣҹؼһɢޡ
ǰʮǰһιƴ½Ĵս֮ʱͻȻֵģ䱳޴ӿ֤ƺԪħŹϵӡߵͷ˵
ԭˡд˶ڣҲѹƴ֧ôЩˡ˼˵
Ѿѵ֪ͨƴˣǲμպĴ䣬ЩӦöʱԻһһ˵˴΢΢ЩȻ
Щ鶼ְžǡɫûжٱ仯˵
ߴӦһ漴¶һ˿ɣ˵ѣǹ֮ȻἰԿ顭ˡֱԣƴ½ǸҲٶƴܲͺԿǲҪֵĺáԶ֣ʵ֮ǿʵԶġ
ַģġĿһЦ˵
ԣŰ˿ЦǺǵļ˵ãѾΪ׼ƽؾס֮ɽŵľ֮ϣԪŨ֮
лֺ⣬ҾסھӤɽˡҡͷһЦƴǵ
Ϊزƴ½޷ṩˡ
⡭ȻˣǾԱˡһ֮󣬵ͷ˵
˵һỰ߱ˡ
յҪھӤɽȻϲæҪڷ嶥ʰһõĶ
ȴססǴɽͥԺС
յЩȻȻûвͬĵ


1191 
СʱֶסСͥԺ֮С
һȥѾʰʮָɾһз·ȥȶû˿仯иֳһ˿׷֮ɫ
СԺתһȦ߽֮Уϥľ쳣ƽͣܿ˿޵ľ硣
ͬʱ֮С㳡ϣһҰ׶ݹݹһֳߵӰ
˿̵üͷ壬ɫЩأ̤˴
ƺ˶һһСűƿһ˳ǻʯ
ĪϲͬڴȨʯſϱ飬µʲôĿʵ
ǰѾ˼ԤУ˷̽һ£ΪӦײıˡҡҡͷ˵
ȻˣҲǿ󣬷»ʵ䷴ʯ̾˿
ȻڵδˣȫˡϧĺܣԸƴȨڱǻָʦʱĻԻͣҲǲܡʦ뵽˴̾Ϣһ
ʯԣҲ¶һ˿źı顣
Ƭ̺ƺ뵽ʲôȡһöݸ˻ʯš
ʯЩɻĽӹʶһ̽϶ʱ¶˾㵵ɫ
硭˶ģҿƷʼߣѵЩ͵ģʯžȵ˵
ǣ½ԴȴиӵĸСЩ㰲һ°ɣԴţмһҪá߳Ը
ֲһˣȥھӤһԴҪದһЩ
ǣȻסżæӦһתȥȥˡ
һҹʱת˲š
ڶһ磬Ӥɽ֮УյòһЩϵ顣
ڵΪʶһָ֮ԣյʱéٿ֮С
յһԵĹһֱҺƿδͻƣõһ㲦֮Ȼ࣬һ˿ͻƵס
յϲͻȻһ˿ԥ֮ɫƺ˵ЩʲôһҲû˵ڡ
ʦʲô¾˵ǣʲô˼ɡյõ仯У˵
ӤһЩ⣬ʵһ˲ڳŸոջ֪ȤһҲһԵ
һЩ֪յõ˼΢΢˵ͷ
յü״ϸֳһ˿ϲɫ˫һģһ߽һͲĵꡣ
ŵݼ̫ϳϡȻЩһű̸ݵڵأ˵
۾һУɨ˹ȥ
ǰɫЩڣԼĪʮӣΪ㲻ѵͽڡ
ĿͣƬ̺һһԵյû˵Ȼֻʣȴ߲壬ΪӦÿͽڲʱ˰ɣ
˵Ҽĺ󱲵ӣȻһ㣬Ϊ̤̿࣬ͽڡΪΪޣ޷ָ֪ܷһյøϽ˵
ĬһһЦ˵Ȼʦĺ󱲵ӣȻᾡΪ
ȥʱҪ֮£ƫһ֮УյȺ򣬷ֹκǰš
ҿռ䲻ֻʮɳªҲԵΪס
˿ڷһɫ֮ϣߵһߣޱ˵۾ȫɡ
ԣæ˫Ŀ
Ƭ̺üͷһǰһ죬ָһ֣һҺһճĺɫзȫͬʱзֳһӿ˵С
ǵüͷĺӶͷϹ£ԵΪʹӡ
ĲʩɫȫУһüͷһɣ¶Ϊ̹顣
һ̣˫һɫͬˮһ㣬˲ӵ֮ӿĺһͬ˻ȥ
ѾһЩڣŽ麣еķһ𡣡ŵԾȵɫ˵
ӵҲΪ飬ҲʣɫһԿʼ
ʱʱһζ
ȻɫչһХ˫Ȼһгɡ
ʱ˿̣˽̽ڵĻͻִᷢӵ麣֮ԭתԪ֮˿ϤһΪճĵɫҺ塣
˫ȭһı仯漴Ųŵת׿һ΢ЦƺͻȻ뵽ʲôһ㣬һֱӰݵߡ
ǰǲĻŵӴ˰ǰ£ǰĵӣ̷ǰҡδڣΪϿҵؿڵ
֮ǰûʦôһ漴ɫָ糣ʵ
֮ǰһֱĸָУûǰйʦǰͶҺڣ˵ͨǰδǰܹȫһԣʵ˵
üͷһ壬°ͣ˼֮󣬲ų˵ұͽ֮⣬ߺ壬ʺ֪һֹҲǺЩԵˡ˵ĻҿɽΪӣԸ⣿
ŵߵʦ𡣡
ŵһԣʱ¶ϲ֮ɫ˰ʦ֮
ŵر飬΢΢˵ͷ
ˣȻҼӣȻҪһЩôڤǾǰŲ㹦ʮϣĻʱգΪȻǡ
԰գָһһöһת֮£ŵǰ
ʦΪޣҵõڤǾ¼ЩȱʧʶΪⱾڤǾֻԼ֮汾Ȼûдֹǡ
лʦʹͣŵģ
ŵ䲻֪кǼȻ֪ͣطǷ±ϹϾ˫ֽ
ʱָ˵һЩΪϵִ֮͸һЩȹΪĵҩͼԺõŵ
ŵȻΪߣҲܿЩҩĲٴߵװл
ոսҺڣǱһʱȹ̾磬պˣǳȥɡָһ
ŵͷ漴˳ҡ
ԭĬȻվƬ̣֮ſȥ
ӣһʱѪ֮١
׺֮ƶ񤣬Դѷʵڲʺ浤ʿڴˡ
˺ʹ취Ѱһ᷵½
һӣҲƴһˣպշڣ˵Ӧ֮¡
֮⣬յüŵͻҺڣ𾪵ͬʱȻֶ岻ѡ
ѾŵΪӣյøǴϲ֮


1192 󷨴ʦ
ֱһʦ飬֮ѸٴȻһСĺ䶯
ʦĶ֮࣬ϽټһЩƿĵӣ׼ȥݼæ
ȻЩ˻δ㱻ѵõϢʦֹ
Ѿӵ˵ͽ飬Ǿϲѣ˿ĵıڹвǿȻΪһЩСȥᷳ
Ҫ֪浤磬ְΪ飬϶ҪķѲٷġ
Ȼٶ༸ʦҲһջ󣬲߻ֹʿǰӤɽ
ʱһֱھӤɽŲżָһ¾ӤһõҲΪС
һλ浤ʿϢƴ½һһֱܺѹȵĴСɵʿ޲ȸԾ
ϢͨѾʼλ浤ʿΪӭλ浤ʿٿ¡شϢҲɿĴƴյƴ˸⣬һЩС͵Ҳʼﻮűº׼ǰȥݼһλ浤ʿ
ͬʱΪպĴ䣬ҲĴæµĲá
߲ϧķѣɽΧһĽƣɽ׺һʺһϼ⣬ʹԭЩɽţһӷ·һòһ츣һ㡣
֮պܿ쵽
Ͽʼ㲻һЩСڰݷãʯһʦӴ
˵Դδ˵ʢȻæĲֺ
磬ǰμӴʿѾǧˡ
׼֮ϵĺüƫЩ֮ˡ
ǧʿľۻᣬƴ½ҲǼټģȻ˿Ϊֹû¶棬ֳΧȻʮҡ
ͻȻԶһֻ֮֮Уʮʽķ۴˷ɶݶЩ۴Сһ֮˱ضͨʿ
ۼ˾ߴӴ֮ӭ˳һЩʦҲɫվ࣬ǰȥ
ŷ۵֮ͣ󣬲һЩ֮ϷɳʮӰ̼ɶݵߵǰ
һȥΪ׵һɫۣһкƵӡ
߻վһĿİɢϢԶԶڳˣȻƴ½ٵʿ
ȻΪҲǲͣ˴Żһ⣬۰ԽһĻһĽţȵȻУƴ˹µƺ˷۵
īīǰδû뵽Ҳˣ߳ʩһ񣬻˵
ѣҺԪħ֮ǰǰ浤صšīĳ˷ǰֻݻˣ⡣īߵԪħ΢΢һЦ˵
īǰˣλѴݹ٣ԣλƲ˵ɡ߹һЦ˫ֳһ룬ܵʦҲʮֹÿһ·
ԪħīҲһǰһзɶݶȥļʮʿҲ롣
һյĹߵ֮£֮С
ֻ֮УһòͨѶм֮ϣ
̧׿˹Ŀоһ
ǰԪħīһͻȻֱԷ͸˵ϸĸоɫʱһ䡣
һڻʿȻҲǼ֮ˣ˿̶һ֮£ϰ
߿Ļ¶һ˿Ц⣬û˵
ǰһٶδû뵽ΪѾ˵زʵ˾ȰԪħԵīӶһۣһ˿ųһ֣ص˵
Ԫѹˣѵļٵ⣬¹˶ҲҪ˰ɡ鵭Ȼĵ˵ͷǺһЦ˵
ԪħһɫʱЩȻ
Ŀһתīϣ΢΢һЦλī˰ɡ
īƼѡīɫŰ壬һ
λؿɡ˵
ԪħīߵһĻһڣѵڣڵʮʿŸҷ׷ǰһ
λҲÿɡ΢ͷĿĿ˹ȥ
Һ󲻾ñ뿪ƴ½ƴɲ޶˽⣬ҲڴںԪħ΢ϵüˡ
ڵĻʿǰǰЩˣĿͻȻͣ
ʦ̫վһɫȹŮޣҲǸոնʮͷģģΪˮ飬ֻ峺ˮգҲգ
¶һ˿Ц⡣
ٶȥǬȻʽȻͬ˼֮ձ仯ǲ
硣ǬһЦ¶Цݡ
ò˿չһЦ·һѩʢǰһ
֣ǬĺˣȻ˲ͬѿһ㡣
Ǭ۾һһǰ
Ůͷ
ȻвٻҪǬ˵µĻȻʺɡ
µѣЩչˣĳڴлת׶ʦ̫˵
ǰˣƶҪлѣôһĵӡϵ츳ߣѾƴ˵һ󷨴ʦƴ½Ĵͷ󣬱Ʋõġʦ̫¶һ˿Цݡ
ڳһ⡣˵ǬΪƴ˵һʦͷѱ֪֪侹Ȼڵġ
ͬһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
½ܹôͷʦҲΪģڵ̫ţ֮ҲģҴ󶼻۶꣬浤ʿ
ǬΪոմﵽҺڶѣȻܹôͷ츳֪֮߱ˡǴﵽ½֪Ҫжʦ°ˡ
Ǭˣ۾䣬Ȼû˵ʲôǰ˿ûԼĵ⡣
΢΢һЦӦ¼䡣
ʱɻʿһ˵˼еĻߵһԷ׷¡
߿Ըɸ߽ʿ죬Цݵһһڳĸɵʿ
սܵһ룬Ŀһ˻һĽһҺڿߡ
ڳ˵Ľ㣬ԵĶȻ˿С
ǰɡʲô飿ĽһݣĿһۣЩδʵ
ޱָһһɫ˵ߡ
˲͡һ촫Ѿͷ­һᣬȥһѪ˳̼ûϢ
֣ɫĿŵϵʬ塣
⡭
ĽŴ֮ɫ˲ѿ֮Ȼ֪ΪλȻֻɱͬ顣
Ϊߣڻһ浣ҪְλҲԷˡ


1193 
ڳ˶Щ֮ʱڵϵĿʬ͵ضһ£ӡۡһ죬һ͵С˴мΪһɫӰѸޱȵĳŴ֮ȥ
ߣ
ЦһһһڹɳٶȱɫӰ࣬һģ֮±׷ɫСˣڹһ֮£ΪһֻɫȻץ¡
ɫС˷һУ̹һʢٶȶʱһ࣬ͬʱһӷɫӰżͬȥ֮յĶ˺ɫֵץ
ߣ
Ŀһ䣬Զеĺɫ֡žһѿΪŷĺƣһתۼ㽫ɫСͬʱû档
źٵһ֮£׹ɭɭĹΣɫСоҵûκô
һУ׹һ£κܿ㱻ҷǰĸеɫСקУ顱һһ̣ʧӰ١
ŹʣµǸɫСˣķһѽС˴ץҪʩչѻֶΡ
ɫС˷һ̶У·һա顱һըѳһɫ档
̾˿һֽЩɨ
һϵеıʯһ㣬ǰ󲻹ȼϢڳ֮˶ЩסˣĽɫѿ
˴˿̣˭óǸ⣬һǰ˴
ǰոǣԪħɫҲЩѿ˶󣬳ʵ
ûпĻӦһַֻ΢һ˵
ԣȻ󶼶Դ̫˽⡣
νֻʵܼ򵥣ʹطʿǷһ֣ΪһƷֻ꣬һЩͨʿôǱӪ̽鱨Ľ͵
ڳ֮˴ɫһ
ǰʩߣͷīӺĿʵ
ֻ浤ʿȹ̣ʩչַֻīӣ˵һ䡣
ô˵ԭǺԶֽţǰʱ֣ǺѲˡԪħüͷһ£˵
˵浤ʿ֮ǰڳ˶˼ֲ²⣬Ԫħеõ֤ʵ󣬶ʱһɧĵ
ĽɫޱȣԼ߾Ǳһߺʵķʱ֣һ춯вŴˡ
ܵոӰ죬һʱ䳡Щ
ܹǶǰˣԺ󻹲֪ǳʲôġЩԪĳֱ˵ˣҵȼڣһǰݻ㣬һĿģΪ뺣ĶԲߣϣǰ֣ܹΪƴһԪħվ˵
ʿԣҲ׷վȻεĿ
λģΪһԱԺ֮ȻԹ۵ġɫȻ˵
Զʱϲ
ֻǣĳոջڵƲǺ֪λδģĿһֻһתĿʵ
ԺʹΪģѾ׺֮߳ϵĵƴ½شƫƧҲѾݵ㡭Ԫħ½ֲƴٵľϸ渵
ڳ֮һһ߲ⳡս̬ȡ
һ˼˵Ѿͳһ˹ģӴĺͲ壬䷢չȥƴ߸ǳ£䱻أ佫עɢ֮ʣʡ
һһƬž󲿷ֶһЩš
ԪħīӶ˼֮ȴ¶˼֮ɫ
ǰǺҲ浤ʿǰҵȸ޷֡һһǰʵѷһƴ˾Ҫ֮ˡ֮Ԫħɵ˵ǲõĵġ浤Ϊʩչֻһðյľٶ൱ڽһ־Ƿѳȥһֻ걻𣬶ԱҲС𺦡˺ʵһֻ꣬˿ӦܴǳǳֶԸ΢΢һЦȻͬʱɫʿųһ˿ǿľѹ
̼䣬ڳֻС䡱һ׷׵ͷĿѣʶз·˲ܵ˲С𵴡
ʩʹˣҲǰ֮ɫָЩ
ԪħīٵڵʿҲɫ΢΢ף׷úȻĿ⿴
ȻǰаջҵƴȻԸǰðһս֮Ԫħ˾ĵĿڵ
īӶԴûз֮⡣
ڼʶʵֿƴΪߵ˱̬йǾͬ׷ױʾԸս
ʱ˱˴俪ʼսƻ

ɫĻһ˲䣬ƴ½ʮңԶһƬ֮УտĺȻһƬ̻Ի͵ΰʮ֮㡣
һƬεɫ͸Ļ֣һӶӵĺʿڹΧѲӡ
˴Ǻʹģǰ
ʹ֮еĳ֮УһɫâֵӰķһƺߣɫâܿɢ¶һŰۣƤӢӡ
ڴˣؿһϳǵĺʡ
ֻǴ˿̵ɫò԰ޱȣҲһʮ۵Ѫ
ɺ޵Сӣһҵһֻꡣɫֳɫзһͳ
벻Ҳص˲׺֮򣬾ȻҲѾ浤ڣѹܷҵķֻ꣬ʵЩˡ󣬺ʷȡһöҩ£
֮ɫźÿһ㡣
ֻżȻõһ伮֮ǰδǣϾ׺֮һ浤ʿûб˷ֵķա
ǰΪ˼ͳһ׺֮Ľȣʩչ˴Ե壬û뵽ƣɱֻꡣ
յشҲҪָܻ
һ뵽ЩʸǱŭޱȣҲ¶һ˿ɱ֮⡣
Ƭ֮վ߳ҡ
һ֮Уһͺͷ۴ɫЩȥĿⲻʱһʯš
Ǻʵ£ݡ
ʯŷһ¡¡Ȼ򿪣˳
ʴˣڳˣҪҪ㱨йƴġݴϲе˵
Ҫ˵Ѿ֪ˣ֮кȻһ浤ڵʿȷʵЩ鷳ʵ˵
ʴһ漴ηĿ˺ʵ
ȥƴк壬ͬʱۣʿغʹֳԸ
һ̵ͷӦһҪȥ
ѰҾзʿ飬еôˣʺȻ˵
ʮǰ˫ܻһʿݻش
ãԺ󽫴͹ҪԵ˵ͷ
ǡݴӦһܿȥ


1194 
ɫָƽĬȻƬ̣Цһһζʱʧ١
ʱ󣬺ʹһ䶴Ѩ֮С
ڵһɫѨĳƽ̨֮ϣһȭͷСɢŵԲ顣
¡¡
¶Ѩһʯϴһ֮ѿһڣһ۵ĺ˽һԹȥĺ꣬Ȼ˫ʧٵĺ档
ޱһź棬ߵʯ̨
ףϢȣĪˣ׺֮򾹻˿˵㣬⵹ϡˡһЩɫԲд˳
ɫһһһֽץŵĺʯ̨֮ϣǰץģҼˣȷʵΪĽ塣
ǺǣˡɫԲеǺһЦ˵
䣬ɫԲйâȻʤһƬɫϼϯס˺塣
ڻҹһֽſʼ
һ
ɫԲ֮йâһɳһȭͷСĻɫģһķ˺üġ
ƽ¶Ƥϸֳһɫ··һһ㣬̼䲼ȫ
ף嵹ΪҵҪ󡣡ɫԲеЩϲ˵
ԣĿ΢΢һû˵
ɫԲдһХһһĻҺɫɳ˺塣
һ¶һ˿ʹɫͬʱϵĻɫҲ
ʼ˾Ҳ¶˼רעɫ
Һɫ⻺뺮üģԽԽ֣ɫԲ֮Ϲâ֮ǰֳһƴСĻСˡ
ɫССȫϵıٶޱȣ·һС˺ܶ౶СˣΨһصǣСͷһԻҺɫСǡ
ҺɫС˿зġ
ڴ˿̣Ȼ͵һϵĻɫƹâţȻȻѿ
۾͵ſ֮ͫѾһƬҰɣӣ˼Ѫ˿
ҲǲСϧˡɫС촽ϣ̾Ϣһһ·ɫԲ֮УźĻҺɫҲɢ
üͷ¶һ˿ͷɫӣѾڣ߸ʿˣȻûһã֪Ҫûô̰ɡ
֪ʲôԭʿǺǿѰȻǲظˣȻһ浤ͨҲǿʹõġɫԲ֮д
ߣ˵ҿԼҸѰһߺʵ幩ᣬͻ󾳣ػ½ĪҪˣʲôУݹҲ档ԣ˵
ٺ٣̫ˣڽʣһǣˣʲôУֻЩʵ̫ܹĻҲЩڵ״̬ɫԲеЦ
һ¶һ˿ͷɫƺƵĻѾ顣
ʣȥѰҲͺˣҶ㼱ʲôһһǵȵġӵ˵
ʱͬˣڲ׺֮֮⣬ֳһ浤ڵʿϲܿͻṥˡ˵
ʲô浤ʿðģЩ˵
֪˼ΪҵһֻǱŹ˶ãͻˡҵΪǿת޽Ӵ󷨲ǿﵽ浤ڣܹӵʵҲͺ浤ʿ൱ǷȣҿûаնԴˡ
Һ˩ͬһϣǳʲô⣬³Ҳòȥת޽Ӵ󷨺벿ҲøҰˡʳ˵
ɫԲâ΢΢˸ƺҲڿʲô
ʼˣҲæŴߴ٣ֻޱĸֶ
ãȻ⣬̻֮Ҳ޷ڳˣţɫԲ֮һɫ
ֽסʶһ̽Ƭ̺¶һ˿Цݡ
ӹȻΪѰҺһټӰ׺֣֮ĻҲδȫҲġ
Ҿ;ѡӵ˵
ʵ˵ͷתߣ漴ʲôʯ̨Ϻʬ壬ܿ뿪¶Ѩ
뿪󲻾ãɫԲ֮ȴһͳЦ
һӺ󣬺ʳһͬ䳹ǵԲʯ֮С
ʯ봦ڷһ񺮱һȫĹװŮӡ
ʿűеŮӣϸֳһ˿顣
㣬㸴ʱ̲ԶˡҲǸСӾȻҲص˲׺֮϶֪ڵľڡֻҪܹط½ضľѰأʸű㸧ţ˵
ʯдƬ̺Щ뿪˴˴
һת֮£ٴǰչصУȡöɫû̲򣬶ǷĦиֳһ˿׷֮ɫ
Ԩ֮ر͵½Ϻ֮֮󣬱㷢ȻԼӵ浤ڵΪڲ׺֮ʱһһ죬Ѫվ
һշת֮£ڽ½֮أûãͱһ޽Ϊ俴رޣܵ裬¡
ǸɫԲеӡ
֮£ֻĹʮꡣ
Ȼһ죬ڵɽͻȻ֪ϴɽеͬϤɱ
ı⴦ɽصڣⳡƽ٣û˳ȥ˳ӵл
Ӿ䱦еһöת鷨УһƷֻꡣ
ʷֺ󣬱֮ɱȴûסһԴǹƻ䶨ԼͨĳϹԼΪԼѰһߺʵᡣ
ڴΪ󾳣ҪѪ˾½κһطʵ֣ӵĽ£ĳϴ󣬴һƫƧ
û뵽ǣ˴Ȼڣ׺֮
ƾµĴԴβպڿ浤ڣڲ׺֮˿ɵ±㿪ʼͳһ׺֮
ϾʣܹΪ˵زѾǽ֮ңٳ󾳣ǵϲ׺֮Դôһ˿ܡ
һ񣬽ɫڶͷʶС
֮ϷŨŨɫââȻƺ󣬵Իңͬʱдʣֲϴһ
Ƭ֮Ĺâƽ


1195 
һ˿ϲɫ֮У巴֮ǰҪڷȹ
ʹĳ֮УһֳݵӰ
֮һ͵ĴһЩĻӿڴ󸽽ݵһ
ݳ䳯ſһӣһɫķһת㵽˻С
֣ǣһӿдѶϵ֣ɫ㿪ʼϽʵ
ҪʣϽ֪ͨĳ½ʿٻطʹʴ˵󣡡ݵ˵
ԣжԣ˴ʹ
ûãֲڲ׺֮ĺʹ׷׿ʼ룬ϵ򺣻ʹھۼȥ

ƴ½ĳƬʯɽ֮УŨĺڝ
ԶԶȥܿʯкһͷ­ĻҰɫԲξɽƴһڣԪħɽ֮ء
ƴ˽֮ʱӪڣԪħ֮С
ʱԪħĴ֮Уƴ˵Ҫüһá
֮ϣһ۵ӺһĿİƴΪߵٵʿԪħīӡ
࣬ʮθʿ
Ϊ׵ĶˣȻڵߣԼһڵĽš
ǸʵȻûʸλõģڳ֮˿Ŀ⣬ź֮⣬û˸顣
֮⣬дĸڵĻڳϣԼȹʯӵƴ½֪ŵŻǳϡ
λҲյϢ˰ɣƴ½ϵĺѾ룬Һʹڲ׺֮طҲڼԪħһö΢Ц˵š
ǰ˵ûʴ˷ʶᣬӦΪ˼ǰĴڡὫ˴þ湰óġȹΪǵĵ˵ͷ
ҲǷ׷׵ͷʾͬ
⼸գںͻȻͺʹķɿ֮£ֲƴ½ĸѾջ˲ԭʧȥĵ̣ûսһЩԴ˲ٺôڵʿΪ߰ƴ´ķĴ
ڵƶʮҺīѵ֮󣬾ӿ췴ȣҹζࡣԪħһԵīӺ˵
Ȼʾ뺣ʹʵȻƴǿ˲ֹһǰ㣬ҵǷӦøӽһЩΪãʯü΢
ˣ֮˶Щ嵱ǱǿʵǿģĲ˵ԭȵĽۣۣĹ˳ʵġӦѾ֪ǰĴڣпԼˡԪħȻһЦг˵
ʯĿһ¶˳ɫ
Ǻûˣƾ浤ڵǿʵǿѹס壬䲻ġ䱻ǰ꣬ڱضڱչԸĿӦô̱ӣǳ󵹸Ҳ֣Ϊʱʱ򡣡ԪħɫȻĽ˵
Ԫѷ
ڳԣ׷׵ͷǣһЩԭлй˼ˣʱҲ󶼴ǡ
ƴƵ飬ҺīѾƴ˵壬һЩҲͬͬ飬뵽ʹԪħȥԴǣٴθ˳һŶ衣
ȻλԴ޹ǣλӽսȣպԪħ˵˴Ȼվ
ԣҲ׷վӦ
ѣսؼҪ̹ڲУ֪ǰںδһֱһûпڵĻһĽźȻʵ
ڳ֮ԣĿⶼ˹
ĽݵѷģݰԪħţѾŵڱҪʱ֣һ֮ġߺǺһЦԪħһۣ˵
ڳʿѾˣʱи׷׸ȥ׼
Ԫħīӣȴû뿪߽˴һһ俴ͨͨƫ֮С
ƫ֮УţƵĺŲˮ
ǬС˰վ󣬸Ĵżʲô
ǰһжѾķԸúˡԪħһɫ˵
ܺãǶˡ֮飬Ͱռƻ¾ͺãһ˳ʮ֮ڣܹʹˡ˵
˴Ӧһ
ԪħηĿһۣո˵Ļ붼ģͬⷴ壬Ҳһִٳɡ
֮ǰȻҲƴ½ļؽͼ˵һͬ壬һⶼ⵽˾ܾ
¸֪֮󣬲֪ʹ˺ַһ칤ӵ⼸ĴѶ׷ױʾͬƴ˽ˣҲҪκγ͡
Ԫħ̾һֶͨ󣬽һЩ㱨һ£һȥ
磬ںǬ۲תĿ״һָļ
Ҵһûϵ𣿡Цһ˵
Դڴ֮ǬһֱţƤһճߣҲûϵ⣬ֻһЩ˲赹ˮ¡
ҷҪ𣿡Ǭжʱֳһˮ⣬Ȧһ죬¶һȻɫ
ûУֻǾڿ˵һ󷨴ʦη壬ӦҲҪɣһЦ˵
ûϵڣһӮġǬΪЦЦ̵˵
ԣЩεҡͷЦ
֮ƴ˾ۼǧʿԪħɽڵĳʹ
Ҳڴڼ½˶飬ַʵʿŶĿﵽ˽֮ࡣ
ȻʵҲĴڣʿȻƴΪ
һպ󣬾ƴ½֮һƬУɼһɫ͸ֵľͺһ㵭һΪصϢ
˴Ǻʹƴһݵ㣬ɽ
˿̵ĵȻƴΪ׵ʿΧ˸ˮйͨ
ĺ˷Ĵһɫķâ׷׺˵֮ɫ֮ϡ
ɫڼĹ£ʱҲ֮һ㺣˳ϫ
ֻ֮ǧʿ֧ţȻݣƣҲ顣
˴һҳɫͷۼװϣĿ⵭Ȼ·ս
ߺǬֱվԡ
ѣĲùܸЩݵ㣬ôһ·ֱʹϳ𣿡Щĵ˵
˴Ľ·ֱָģҪ˴ù˼ɸĺݵ㣬ֱ˺ʹڶȥ
˾ƴжЩ˼ɣϾ׺֮ǲСģƣû顣


1196 
ֻҪһʹɣں壬ʱʰҲ١ޱ˵
Щ壬һǹ򺣻ʹʱӱ͵ϮĻǸǺã߻Щĵ׷ʵ
ͺʹֻҪǱƵ̫ҲΪ˺ʹװġʱȥŪɳ׾װ׵˹򺣻ʹʱض˵ˣôɡ˵
Щεĵ˵ͷȡһͼ
֮̽Ϣһ·Ϻʹݵ㲢࣬ǰΪڿĳɽ⣬ǰﴦһ˫Ǻʹһ;ݵ㣬˵ƵĺۼȻǺʹˡ˵
˼۵ͼǾͺãԪħǣֱӴȥˡ
ǡߴӦһΪһҹ⣬˳ȥ
תͷһЩǬһЦ󷨴ʦʲô
һССˮѣҲһмķʲôǬЦе˵
ԡЩȻʧЦ
ڶ˵䣬·սҲʼ仯
ɽɫֱâԽĻ֮Ϸĺ˳ϫҲԵԽԽϡ
¸¡
һ̶˹ʿĳͻȻɳֻ;޴ĺɫӥһ֮£һƬƬɵķǵصļ缲ɫ֮ϡ
ĿһЩɫӥƴ½һΪâϵӥ壬κƴֵļ֮һ
¡¡
һߣһǧͷ­СĻ׷ɫ֮ϣ¡¡졣
ЩȴһȺɫͷʿЩǾһʿ
ڱԪɱʦ׫iǾˡ
ƴʿ˾ҲӴ˹ȡ
վǰԪħͻȻһӣԪħŵӷдʣͬʱһڴᦡ
ЩԪħŵվһһɫϼ
ԪħϺڹһһɴСĺɫ죬ĬһЩɬѶĿھ֮ʼһЩīɫĲ֪ġ
Ԫħŵӷĺɫ˲ںһ𣬻Ϊһִޱȵĺɫ
䡱һ죬ɫ˲˳ɽϵɫϡ
ʱһ쳹ʵľ촫һ֮ڸֳһƣ̼˱ļ
ϵĺ弰ʿˣ׷¶ɫ
ĹŻںȻɢʿ糱ˮӿ˺
Щ履ܺʹѹȣʶƴʿ˿飬ʱ֮󣬵Ϻ弰ʿѾѪϴһգʹڴ˵ľݵ㽨Ҳȥ
΢ɨһս˴źʹˡ
ͬʱʹѶ֮Уüͷ봦һСʹѶǰŲǰԶվһ꣬һ׳һߡ
֮⣬˺ȻǼٵ磬֮УΪ׵ӡ
ʱϣֳһ˿ɫ
ͻȻԵĴѶâһһö漤
ݼ״æͣ½ŲһֽץУ˵ķųʶһ̽ɫ˲һ䡣
ݳϣôˣӼ״ʵ
ЩݵѾЩʿٵˡɫЩѿ˵
ԣɫҲЩӲ
˾ۼ˹ʿʵСǻ浤ʿ򣬵ǿ²ǶֵġݴˣҿҪʴ˳ǡĿһ˵
ȻʴһطҪܳءߣʴ˳أʿȻǴ˶֣֮ǰҪλʱһĹơݳǰ˹˵
ȻҵȶȻΪʴ˾ĵġߵԣæͷ˵
Ƭ̺󣬱뿪ˣֻڴ֮С
ĿȥıӰʧڴſڣɫȴȻһȡһ洫ѶƣȻ޹⡣
϶ʱ¶顣
Ǻȴ֮ǰٴαչأ޷֮ϵˡ
б˭ЩͶ뺣ʹµĺʿûжĵģ󶼻ںǿ浤ʵûкʳ棬ܵĲе֮һѡ
һãЩпš
ƣͷ˼Ƭ̣漴ȻվһŴ֮ɳ۶ȥ
˿̣ʹĳε֮Уϥڴˣһˮתɫâ
֮УȻ۾췢һ㳤Х֮лصѡ
һ̣ɫâһ֮£糤ˮһ㵹УӰ
վϲɫ
Ȼֻʱ䣬ڷȴѾȹ̵Ĳˡ
ڴ˿̣ɫһ䣬а׹һȻһ鴫Ѷơ
ʶһ̽ɫһ
ȻѾˡãǳһҵһЦҪ̧߳ҡ
ڴ˿̣ǰһֳһűģҹɫԲ飬ֳһӰ
к£ɫ΢΢һ䣬˵
ǺǣɫҵǸ̻֮Чɡҹ֮дɬ
ʣûнӻŲȴûͣҪֱƹɫţȥ
ǴȥǸ浤ʿ֪жʤ㣿ٴ
˲һ浤ѣҵѾ˵ڰأڵѪѾ˹룬ѰҲãѵʤһͬ׵岻ɣһ˵
ûоԣ֪Էûѹ׵ֶΣǺһЦ˵
˵ʲôͣ˽Ų
ݵļƷѾ֮ѾԳʩչһѪͼ׼ˣȻδرܽΪ󾳣Ӧÿﵽ浤ԲҲܴﵽھؾ硣ʱӦ㹻ԸǸʿˡ˵
Ե棡ԣѿڶ
Ȼ١ƽ
˻ҲΪҪңһЦƬЦһյʵ
ߣǰһϵƣǸʿУ˭Ѱʺϵ壿һ˵
Ȼǰһ֮ɡұ֤һɱʿ֮󣬱ضѲ׺֮ΪѰһߺʵ
ĳŵκ󣬲ŴԲд
ܺã²˳٣ȥЩһЩɡƺϵӦƵģԣ֮ɫֶ


1197 ˫
߰ɡӦһһԲɢˡ
ʿɢĵطƬ̺󣬺ĵ͵Ц˼
漴ȡѶƣ촽΢Ĵ˼߳ҡ
һС·Ƭ̺һ濴ƽɫʯ֮ǰʱڵɫԲѺһԡ
ʯ˼£һǵʯ¶һ顣
һ˽ȥɫԲҲû˿ԥĽ룬ʯֺܿպˡ
һӺ󣬺ɫԲ飬˺ʹ֮һǧĶСĵ¶Ѩ
Ѩ֮кޱȣһˮͰϸıÿ֮УȻһģӰ
Ѩеı֮࣬һȥ飬Եùޱȡ
ʶЩ޶һ㣬ֱӴ˹ȥֱ봦һʮɴСĺɫʯ̨ǰվΡ
ʯ̨һȦȦѪɫ·
֮⣬ʯ̨ܻŰ˸ɫԲʯʯͬ˺ܶѪɫƣΪÿʯ֮϶һֻպŵѪɫͫĿͼԵʮ죬ѪɫͫĿʯ̨ķ
˸ʯϸСѪɫ·˷ɢȥ޾Լɼÿһ·һ
ϣ֮ǰ˵ЧʽеɫԲһ׵ԣ漴Ŀһۣ˵
иʮ꣬߼ƷʩչɽϹŵѪڤͼֱٻ˵еڤƽȣֻȽһˡɫԲ֮дЩϧ
ռ߼ƷѺķ˽ʱ䣬Ͼÿһ߶Ҫô޵ġʵ˵
˵˷ȻɽôãҲδʩչεģԭ򣬱Ʒ޹˼̫ࡣҲҿƫһǵĲ׺֮򣬼Щս֮£ûб֡½±ȻЩע⣬ͳԲ˶ˡЦһ
ˣֻҪܹɱǸ浤ʿ߽巴׺֮ҵˣʱҸȡǣڻؾΪһ䵽˺ɫʯ̨֮ϣ治ɫ˵
Ȼˣ㿪ʼɡѪڤͼطʱɲ̣׼̱ǿжϣǵ޷ӳΪ»ᱻ̷ɶЩĵ˵
ģѾưţЩʿû߰죬Ǿܷʹġмŵ˵
˻Ҿͷˡһ˵
û˵ʲôߵʯ̨ϥ£˫ǰһְ仯д
ûãϽһƬʵѪԼ档
ʯ̨ϵ·ҲѪɫâѪ·ˮһʯ̨ӿ
ɫԲķͣʯ̨ϿգһͳԲ֮д˳
һ̣ɫԲйâһһ⣬ʯ̨Χһʯ֮ϡ
ʯȻֳһѪɫ棬Ѫɫͫ׻ȻűѪɫҲһѪ⣬ͬ˲䱻ȼһ㣬ʯ̨ϵĺʵĺӦ
Ȼ編ƣĳ˳򣬽ʯϷֱȼһѪɫ档
ѪɫͫĿϤһɲǣʯŵϸСѪƷ׷¶Ѩӳյĳͨ͸ѪһƬ
ЩʯеӰѪУԵ
ںʩչ׼֮ʱ˴ȴһ·߸ͽĳźʹȥ
뿪ɽȴʼʱǵĺʹɧţǰٶȱ֮ǰ˲١
֮ʿڵ˺ʹǰҪݵ˫
˴ĴƾһɴСĺɫɽ壬ɽ֮ϽһƬƬķݽ
ɽǴŵ֮壬˴ο˹ΪҪǵľۻ֮ء
˿̣֮ϣԪħīӵվڷ嶥һƽ̨֮ϣǰ˫
˫ŵĵ죬мһ֮
˿̵˫ѽȫ챻һ޴ޱȵˮɫĻ֣ʹʿֲڵɫȫһص׵ļơ
Щʹʿ֪Ҫȫˡһ󺺹Ц˵
ƴ½ʿˣ˼֮еҲ
ų˵˳һۣȻı͡
󷨽ΪϵؾҲ١δҹζ࣬ҵǷƲ첻ܣֱ˺ʹڣԪħûд˵ĺԣתʵ
Ϊ˾ٲףʹ˴̫ԶһҵȺͺʹս֮ʱ˴ؾͻȻӱ͵ϮǴϾ˴ۼģɲǺû˵īӺȻ˵
Ԫħīһۣû˵
īѴʼɡ˫Ŀһ˵ͷ˵
ԪħԸȻΥܿһ´ȥ
ͬʱ˫һΰ֮УһŽ۵ĺ߶ڴˣǵճںʹļٵʿеһˡ
Ŀ⴩͸ݶңңļɱĿ֮йâ˸
ڴ˿̣֮ӰһͬŽ۵ĺӣһǸɫ۵ĳӡ
ϣݳϴסЩʿ죬ش֮ڣһЩʿƹ˫ֱ˺ʹǿô죿۳һű˵֮ƺЩɵζ
³ϲصģϷ϶Щ岻ôֱӹ򺣻ʹ˫ϵһʿǵվȻ˵
ˣһĿһ˵
ڴ˿̣һƬɱ֮˹ʿźų˫ȥɫâһ£˫Ļ֮ϡ
ˮɫ󷨽ӿֳһƬƬɫϼ⣬ʿĹ˺֮ϣ޴֮
ɫһ漴¶˾ϲɫ
߿һԵһۣӵ˵ͷһ֣жһ澵ӣһĿ⼤
ϵĺʹʿ⣬Ҳ̷˷˫ɫ֯ɱ֮ڶ
ϵŲߣĳ֮۳תŽ߹һ
³ϿҶΪʴ£ϷȻίй˫Ȼᾡľġ˫ػȻ֮бϾһ浤ʿܹס˴죬ϷҲûȫİաɫͻȻЩǵ˵
ϲصģݵѿȫ´ͷʥޡϵ󷨵ֵһʵڲУ±ٻʥޡֻҪЩסʴ˳أȻܹɨЩ塣۳ŵ˵һơ


1198 󷴸
߼ƣйâ΢ɫ˿δĵ˵ͷ
һо³ˣ³һ֣һĶ
ӹһЦԽߣ֮ȥ
Ȼ彻˲䣬͵һſڣһ⡣
ɫ䣬ΪӦѸޱȵĲһת
ͷ­һѪһΣ˵ϣûϢ
ޱĳʬ巽һ֣ɫâصУâȥȴһĳֲ֪ɫƵľذף沼һȦȦƣɢĹâ
ɫذһգȡɫƣ͵Цһ漴ֽ
վһԵĽ¶һ˿ɫ˿ûиеԾӣȻ֪¡
ˣʰһ£İԭƻСߵ˵
ӴӦһӵʬ壬漴첽˳ȥ
̧ͷ溰Σ¶һ˿֮ɫ֪Щʲô

֮ϣԪħ˴ʱ뿪ǰȥʿȥˣֻǬڴ˴
ףǶˮ벻ڴ˴ܿϹ󡣡Ǭ·˫Ľƣʱ۾һ
Ŷʲôر֮𣿡ȻҲóΪǾİǿ
ҲֻĳЩõ󷨵伮Уؼأ˵ˮԷȴԼƣڴ˵ˮĺвõĻֻҪ۴ʿṩķ㹻ܹԴԴĵΧˮ֮ӳַ󣬼ѱơǬĿ˵
Ҫƴ󷨣Ҫܶʱ䡣üͷһ˵
ţ㲻֣Щʿ򣬿¾ʮ£ҲһܹƴˣȥԣǬ˵ȴ¶ԾԾԵ顣
ȵһ¡۹һĿ⿴·ս
УɫҷɣâƣľԶԶ
˫ȻңȷǺ٣ʹʿֻһڶˮУƺûкʿƴ˼
Ŀһƺʲô
¾ǰɣڴʱߺȻһϸӬ
ɫʱ΢΢һ䣬Ƭ֮ȴ¶һ˿Ц⡣

˫֮У߷ϵһɫԲ飬һ
һŲӴ󷽴ǰ˽
ϣϸѾİţ׵ˡӹһ˵
Ǿͺáߵ˵ͷ˵
һ仰֪ԥһ˵
ҵľ˫Ŀһɣ
ӳĬƬ̣ǿڵʵǶۼʶһǸ浤ʿˡ
ⱾһĲʽҲ׺һҪǹ˳ʵȴֻǽҵȵʹˣһ׺֮ͳһδػڡε浤ʿϮȴһѵõĻᣬֻҪܽɱ˺ʣǽ岻ܹ𣬻ٴγưԲ׺֮һ浤ˣ֮ǰİţҲδץסǵİѱĿ˵
ǣϹȻ˼ꡣӹһ
󣬷ȡɫƣ˽ӡ
ʥ޵ıƾͽ㣬Ҹʵʱٻͷʥޣһ鷳
ǣ֪ˡӽӹƣһ֮󣬺ܿȥ
֮ϣԪħīӵ쾡ٻ˻۾˵ʲô
ǰµ棿䣬ŵʯĿһЩŵʵ
ػ˴ʿղ׺Ľһ壬뺣ʿƣոǵͷѴѶңŵĴ¡˵
ԸǾʹ˹ȥұ֤ҲǺ£»թԪħ¶һ˿˵
˾ʵ֮ɱʰˡոʶ̽ˣϵѽ˴ļ֮ɱˣɴӦòȦסĿһ˵
Ԫħԣɫ΢΢һ䣬ǸոնԹ·ĽƴȫʶĽ룬Ȼܹ͸˽ƽϵһһ۵ף֮ͨǿȻԶԶǡ
λûĻҰռƻ°ɡ˵
Ԫħ˴Ӧһȥʼ
ɢȥһģڹһЫз˳
Ы°Ұһ¡Ŀһ˵
˷ԸЫ˵

˫ļսգ֮Ķˮ㱻ȫѹƣɫˮⱻۿҪơ
˵һκ֮£Ȼ飬ʿһУ˫
һʱ䣬ɱ𣬸ַ裬˫ʱƻĿȫǡ
սȻңûֶãϵĺʹʿѸٵĳְƣԶӶȥ
˵ʿ׷ʮǰĺȻҷ֮¸ֳһƬ޴Ӱ
ȻըѿӺðһСɽСľޣʿǰ
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1201 
ľ˺ȻĻ죬Ϊޣ֪֪ж٣ûǰʿ᲻ýɱˡ
ӣ֪˰ɣֻһƾǣӳʶĹԹ԰֪ĹҿǰϣԿһʱ
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1202 мս
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սʱ˿ǰİȻ״̬
Щʿļ룬ս̳ת̬֮Ĺ׷ֺʹɫĻϣùĻһһΡ
Ǻʹ࣬ԪħīٵʿֺһĹʱȫڹ˺ʹĵֱֿӺɫĻ֮ϡ
ʹ˻ʮֲ˿Ҳ֮УߵɫҲһ
ͻȻ䣬һĺӺʹд˳
ԭĸλһľͼľзͻȻͬʱֱӴɫĻ˳쳣ĳ˴
һײļ
ʿĹЩͼľзļ׿ϣ޷͸ֺԪħīӶ˵ĹϣҲʧЧ
ʲôƺͨĻںޣô˾ˣʯЩ˵
ܲˣ⺣ٶȲ죬ƽǰȱܿ޹󷽵Ļ֣Ԫħһ£ʮֹϵ˵
£䵥һ̧ȻһħƵɫǹһ֮£Ȼһƾ˳һߣֱƹǰľͼľзɫĻڶȥ
ʿҲԼͬͬľٶڸԻʿķԸ£׷ױܿͼľзѹźʹĹƣ󷽵ɫĻȥ
СʱĿ֮£סʹɫĻɫȻڲΧĺˮ֮мӳ֣ɫȷʵڳ˲١
ʱͷͼľзܼĸɫ嵽˫һ֮
ţͻ
Щľзԭ¶ͼ׿ͬʱ˼׿֮С
һ̣ɫ׿ǱĿ׶ȻâʢðһƬݡ
ݣһͬһİɫ㣬Щ׶д˳֮࣬ÿһ㱳󻹳һŧ
һ֣ǰͺ̵ӿʿӪٶ֮죬ʯһ㡣
ʿԭ۾ĹźʹɫĻûϵЩٶȳٻľͼľзϻдֱ
ϷĻʿȻӦϿ죬ҪԸ֮ʱЩɫȻִﵽ˴ǰɴ
ڴʱЩɫ㱳ĺɫŧ̼ͬʱѿһƬīĺɫҺ壬ʱȾͬī֭һ㡣
ʿ֮ʣһɫһƬм
ҽ֮
ЩɫȻΪߣͻȻϮϾ˵ٶȣʱʿңʱвͽʿֱӹᴩŶҺʦҲˡ
̼䣬ĸĽ˴Унǧ䣬ˣսľƱЩ᧿Σ
ϷĻʿɫ֮£ֻһߵŴӺʹмĹͬʱʼɱ·İɫ㣬Ҫס档
ʱЩɫȺʿһΪѲ
Զʹɫֵô˼϶ɫΧĺˮ֮ʹɫĻٴνʵ


1203 
ͷͼзⷬͻȻϮŴҡ
ڸڻʿʦֵ֮£һʱ䣬ŽЩɿ촩ڴмİɫɾסơ
ʱĸսߣ֮ң
ڵսϷƾǬվ󣬶˱һ㵭ĺ֣ˮ⡣
վڸߴսһĿȻԶʹָɫĻüͷ΢΢
ƴԤϵĻҪѲ٣һжϹֻҪƬ̹ɻָԷ˾Ȼǹʱ䡣
Ժʹĵ̣¸ŵֶβ١
һˣ̤һֱӳ֡
磬Գ֣Ǭע⵽Ķ˵
սȥΪ˵һӣֽһɫ⣬ǰֶ
ʵȱȺʹʿǿ̫࣬Ҫһƣ֮ǰͻϮܣȻ˥˲٣֮ĽȻ޷پۼ֮ǰֹˡ
ҵĹ۲죬󣬼ˮԸ߽׷Ӧ˲̺ѪľѪɲɡԳֵĻȻ϶ܹ󣬵ǱȻķѲٷ˵ʾ˴ģ󣬵編֮ʱٳ͵Ϯ㡣ֻҪ㲻֣ҲǲġǬ˸˵
Ŀһ˿ԥֱ̧ۻ¡
磬ʵƽĴҵи⣬ԣǬЩԾԾԵ˵
㣿üһ
ôΪҲ𣿲Ǵһģ󷨣Ӧһ¡Ǭ飬ƺܵ˺ͷ˵
Ҳ˼ҡͷЦһ
ٺ٣Ҿ͵ӦˡǬһЦ˵ĿԴ˼ֽƤ
¶һ˿֮ɫ漴ٻ˿ֽһ˼ʶ
Ƭ֮ĸԭ֯ʿ׷ͣԭء
ʹеʿˣȻҲû׷ԭҵսһͣ˫ʿ˿ӡ
һ̣ݹӸˮͣǰâȥֳԪħĽŵ˵Ӱ
ǰԪħһ
ոյѾˣʹĲ򵥣һζ͹ϲߡ˵
ǰʲô취һĽſһۣ˵
ʵΪֹûг֣ڻóȻ֣˵аƿǻһ´¡ɫ˵
˻棿Ԫħԣ׷ת׿վǬ
λǰȻûʮɰգ߰˳ɻеġǬô˶ţЩ񣬵˶󣬻Ϊŵ˵
Ԫħ˷׷¶ϲ֮ɫ
ǬͷЩ֮пǲСȻ˵ˣȻǴпΪģֻҪܹƺʹ˴ͿȨˡ
ҵĴġǬ˵ļƻ˵һ顣
һӺĸ˴ٴζԺʹ˽
ʹڵʿȻ˷ǧĸɫâŴ˷ĺٴ໥ײĿֲγٸСһĺɫС
֮⣬˻˴󲿷ֵĻʿΧסͷͷľͼľз񹥲ѡ
һԺʹĹȻңȴѾ˺ܶࡣ
ʹĳ̨֮ϣݺͺ󺺵廯ڳϲ֪ʱڴˣĿ⻷֮£龰С
ݳϣù£Ѿı˲ԡͺ˵
޷˵ãͷзǹֻҪǸ浤ʿ֣ʿҪɱǻܣÿԽʱ䡣ĿЩɵĿһߴ֮ʿ򣬿˵
ͺ󺺵Ե˵ͷ
ֻǼûע⵽ɵӰ켣ʿ֮Уӽ˺ʹķ
˵˾һɫ¥ҵĵطͣڼҵķڻ֮£˷ɿڵ֮æµĲʲô
һâ˵ϣڲʲô󷨵ӡ
ΧʿǼˣȻ֪⼸˵æʲôԷĴȣҵĹڻ⼸˲巢֡
һ֮󣬵֮ϲóһɴСĵɫ
һСĻӰе͵ִɫ΢΢һһ̹âȫټȫޡ
СӰϴһĳۣ˿ϢҲûзǬ
߰ɡú˴˴󷨣һ֣˳һȥ
Ƭ֮󣬼˾һ¥ڸʿڻ֮£ɿڵϲһ֮ǰһĵɫ
ʱ֮ǬΧʿڻ֮£ھľŸ¥֮ⶼһ󷨡
෽зһɫǬ˵ľٶС
ֶΣû뵽Ѿͷϵ边ﵽ˴˵ȵز૵˵
ú˾󷨺ʹߵǬ˺˰ɣں׵һʯ֮Ŀһһ䣬кȻһƴĽɫ˽̡
һӣһɷ̼䳯ӿ롣
а˽ƺܵ˴̼âʢ
ԱߵİʿˣǬΧվȡ̵
Щʿǰ򣬸ȷλ֮е͵һ̼ܹâһλ÷·ϵ˲ųһΡ
Ǭۼˣһоһ֮£˫ֱۻҵһֵķĬʮָӻɬѶĿھǰ˽ǰһһȦɫİڱתͣ
һɫâӼϷ𣬽һɫľŹ󷨡
ھŹ˲䣬ʹľ¥֮ɴһɫƾո֣һɫ
һĪɢľ¥ɫâ·ܵ˸һ㣬
ɫĻһ˸תۼϡ˼֣ߵľɫٶҲǴ󻺣
ʹ֮Уݵ˼Σ׷ɫ䡣
ȻδӦǬִֽнɫ˽˳ȥ
ɫһģ˾󱱲࣬Ӹľŵɫڰ˽̵ǣ֮£Ȼ㼯һ𣬻Ϊһɴִ֮Ľ⣬ֱֱĳž󱱱ĳȥ
ڽɫײھɫ֮ʱ˾鷢ˡ
Ƿϵɫſ޿ڣΧɫˮԴԴϵӿĻ㼯֮
Щɫˮһɫ׷ɢ
һ춯صľ촫
ɫĻڽɫĺ£ڱһʮɴСĴ󶴡
ڴʱʮĶݹӴ֮м룬ԪħīΪ׵ʮʿ
ɱ
Ԫħһ뺣ʹ˿ûΧĺʹʿһɫ¥˹ȥ


1204 
ãҪƻۣǵóѣȥֹǣԶ̨ϵɫһ䣬æ
δ䣬Χ廯ѷиâһ㳯Ԫħ˷ȥ֮⣬ĺʹʿҲ׷˹
Ԫħ˶һֳۣһǰȥֵԪħīӣĽţʯӵȼΪߵĻʿһ·ķ˵˾¥
룡
ڴʱ¥һŭȣȴڳϴǧʹʿͿܴһΧδ֪һܼĹȻ
ĽʯӶ׼һ㣬ֽЩΪԪħīӴڻ
ԪħΧ˻δţһٴμɫǹ
Ҳζ֮ȼһܺɫ棬еǹУ۳һʮɴСľ޴ɫǹӰ
ͺһһ޴ɫǹӰ·һ޵һ㣬¥֮ϡ
¡¡
¥ҵһ£ɫâǼ
ͬʱһߵīв֪ʱһӯӯķȣܲɢ󳹹ǵĺ
зɿ˼ǰһᣬ¥ϿһһƬɫƶƾոֶ漴м׳ĵ绡һĴ̶ƿصĺ¥֮ϡ
ž֮
¥ɫâٴξҲѸٵ˥ȥ
Ԫħīٵʿֹ֮£һٷĹ¥ĻںȻѣ¶˶ޱȵ¥塣
ס֣
˿̣ݼںͺʹʿڻ£ܿ廯ʿ˵˽ǰȻЩˡ
Ԫħֱ͵һɫǹһģ£һ޴ǹӰϯֱɨ
䡱һ죡
ɸߵ¥ʱΪ֮һ漴ƷɿźȻ鿪ΪһƬ棬̳
¥ɢͬʱɫĻ֮ϣһɫһ֮漴ͬܽһ㣬̼ʧ˹Ļ֮ϡ
Զݵ˼ˣɫȻһס
εɫʧȥһɫ󣬵¥ʱ̮һǣĻϡֽ
Զʯ֮ϣǬǰΣһУԶİ˽̷أһת֮£С
˿ҪվºһҪˤȥ
ڴʱһֱۺȻԱ˹塣
ˡ֪ʱ˴˴º͵Ц
磬ҡĳɹˣǬȻתף¶˿ĵ顣
ţͽңúϢɡ˵ţжһɾķǬڣ漴һǬͬΧʿһ𣬳Զȥ
漴һģʧԭء
ϡĹĻԪħīӶһȻɢ¶һɴСĿ
δֺϣʿѷһӿӵ롣
źʿδعɫ򣬷ɽӴʿн˲仯ΪһƬʮɫķ˳ΧĺʹʿͭսͿܺȥ
ʹܿҲӦ˹һսս޷빥һʿѾռȻԽԽʿӿ˻֮ڣʹʿͳĴҡ
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編Ƶһ󹥻¥ҲȻ
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ʵԣʹʿ֮ϣ˵ĻƶԷľʿʿԶԶʤ˶Է
һʱ䣬ʹһʿɱĽڽܡ
ݴˣô죿ͺЩ̼Ŀݡ
ڵۿ漴ʧأݷ˰գʹ
ʹʿæߴȥ
ǱϾʵһ򶨽һЩơ
ûݵ˸ˣһĿɫ⼤ڰ֮һģΪɫӰǵصĺХ·ǳ׹ذݵȻ׵塣
ݵɫ䣬ɫâһַ
ĽЩͽʿֵܵʹʿķɫӰ֮ǰ·𼦵һѣҽ
һֽʿֵķΧڣݻӵвķˣûһڡ
콣ӰһΪһɫâӰһ˸ֶ
ʿһ̶Գ֮󣬶ʱϲʹʿ¶ηɫƺһ֮ˡ
˫ֹͣԺһξ롣
㡭Сӣݴ˿ɫ԰ףһѪۣͷһɡɡ֮϶ദƣȻҪģ
еĳ࣬¶˲ŵɫ
һٶǰڱԪϣֽ˺һ󱻷½ֹͶ˺׿СΪеЩˣŵĺֶϤˣҶҲڽƱġ
񾹻ĳǰҳΪ浤ڵĴʿʵš
ŶϵңˣҼǵ㣬ǽǰɣһٶǰǺʵ¡һۣЩȻ˵
һΣ䵽ǰ
̲ס˺¶˾ɫ
ݣӦǺʹĸ߲㣬ңòɵʵ
󱻹֮ԶԶķųȻʶʹⶼѰһ飬Ȼûзֺʵټ
⡭ʵڲ֪ɫһЩ֧֧
ڴ˿̣ղһһӰȰ㸡ֶͬʱһֻں㳯Сץ
ûлͷһһ⳯źȥ
һ졣
ͰӰһ֣Ե
˿ʮɣһתڰվ
ϲ֪ʱһɫף˰˸ִɫ֣趯š
ӰҲʮɲվ壬Ǻʣ˿̵ò¶һ˿졣
ʴˣݵ˿ʵӰϲӵĺ
ȥɣ֪ôʿʻ԰ƽȥԸ˰ɡһ֣Ȼ˵
ݵ̴Ӧһʿȥ
ٺ٣ûĻϵɫףһϹʱڵһ޺ںϣܹܻ֮û״ϣʲδż֣´ϵɫ׼ۣȻ˵


1205 һͿ
Ժʵʻûлش֮⣬һ֮£˫һžըȻһȦ
һ̣ӰһһӰڷȥͬʱһԱƵȭͷǰݺݵȥȭӰĿӿ
ʡЦһɫâţֱ϶ʱһĵɫǣಡһƿУͬһεӭȥһȭƻʵĺȻһɺΪһֻɫ޴ȭӰֱȭӰȥ
˵ѪڤͼΪѴﵽ浤ڴԲͬʱṩڴﵽھغȻ̺һ˿Ѫ֮׼ѽڣʶӲӲķʽԸ
䡱һ죬ӺʹϷ
ʡһҽУֱۡꡱ첲ʹϤϣͬʱεء
һߵȴԭػ˼Σµֱֻ۱ҲѿѪۡ
һ浤ʿܱȱҪǿ󣡡ʡסκȻ䣬ֱ˿ڴֳһƬĿѪâѿ䶯תۼֱ۱ָˡ
ˣĿ˸ͬ΢΢ЩԾ
ϵ⺣֮ǰһֱܶǧټƵݵʱ䣬Ȼʲôͼı
ֻû뵽ԷڶʱڣͻƵ浤ڴԲܴ֮ﵽ̶ֳȡ
˼䣬ֱ۱а׹תѪۿɼٶʧ
ѪʡĿֱϣһ̶Ȼϲ
ããԭǵƻǼƻСӣҲȥ㣬㵹ԸˣҲʡȴһˡʡȻһ䣬øɬޱͬʱл֡
һһݣЩԾ
Ȼδʱ桰ʡԹ֮ɫһð˾˵Ѫ⣬˲仯ΪһŶĿĹţɫһţѪһȻö˸Ķӡ
ÿһöϣϸܵ·ƣһ֪Ƿ
ۣ
һģȻöɫĲϵؿڣСλ
öû֮ѪɫâţϵϢٴνڽգۼ侹ͻ浤ķ롣
ܵ˺ɢĲѰѹɫһһɫâһһӼɽ顣
ɽΪһ壬ɿǴâһת۾ͻΪһʮɴСĻɫɽ塣
ȥ
һףɫɽ峯źʷȻѹ¡
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ʴ˿˫ĿѪ죬¶һ˿ɫһҹһһнɾ޴ӰȻ֡
ӰͨʻҺɫ͹ƽ˵Ӱ˵һʯɵ˿ܡ
Ӱ˾ɫ΢΢һ䡣
һ̣ҺɫӰֱۻ̧𣬿һ֮£һضɽҡĺɽĻɫ쫷ʱֱӻ
ͺʽֵĶ֮˻кʹʿȻС
ںʱӰ֮ʱһȻѹк£˫ʿ׷׵һ
Щڲ׺֮ʿ˵ΪҲǻڶѣ浤ʿǽƴ˵Ĵڡ
ǰ˾ѾԶԶǵʶܸܵģֻǹϢȻѹٵͽʿǻ޷վˡ
ЩʿУм˶ǰһУ¶ЩȻ֮ɫ
ʿ
֪˭һ
˷׷ͣйμȥ̧ͷԾĴս
ʱĺʹʿһȻϲԪħīӵң־顣
ϷͻȻֵķӰɫȴһ粻¶־δ֮ɫ
ڴʱӰģ沿һŭ𣬴һţֻ޴ȭͷȻӭĻɫ޷֮ϡ
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Ӱһſڣһ׳Ļɫɽײһ죬ɫɽȻ˳ȥڰкȻ壬ٴλŻԲ顣
ȻƵıϧԪ˵ʹ׷춤ڵѪɣʡ쳣Ĵ
еԣ˿ûо֮ɫ˵һ߹Ϻĳ𣬲̼쳣ĺɫԼͷ
һ쳹ʵХУ˶ƾ֮

ʡЦһзһߣ˷ӰֻСɽĻҺɫ֣·ĲӬ㳯ХӰȥ
顱顱֮
⿴Ʊ׾˷ӰľˣֻϢ򣬱㽫Ϥһ»ǵصĹ
Ҫ˳ȭڻȥ֮ʱ
ڤ
ޱ˫һµ
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·ЩĿɿڴ֮ʣһɬͳӺɫд
ڤ֮Уʡֱ¶˱壬һʮɳľɫҡװβ֮£вʱɫͬʱ˷Ӱϻȭ˷糱ˮڤС׷׻
Ȼûͷ֣ЩڤСȻΪߣȴ·޾һ㣬ɱ֮һոɢһȻط𣬲Լ
ʡ˷ӰһŭͻȻɫϼһһſɴСɫʯڸֶʮ֮࣬źƿ缲㣬ݺΧڤС
һ˷Ĵ
ʯֻ֮ڤС̼䱻һɨգƲļ󷽿Сһ
ɫһ˿мʱ˷ĺɫʯȴʲôӲ֮֮һ㣬һ顱顱У׷ɢ
ʮʮɸߵĻɾ޷壬ֱӴӹиֶɿĳмƽ
ɫɫ䣬ȻҪЩʲôֹɽƽ֮ʱ֮ʮӿȵĺɫӴɽ両֣ݺύĳɫڿͬʱһƬɫϼɽһ
һʱ䣬ɫڵڤռȻɫͺɫ⣬ֻжٻͣ·һ±ճޱ
һ̣һضɽҡġ顱촫һɽ׷䣬ݺײɫ£ѵ
ϱɽҴȥһ˶ӣͬʱӿȫһӴ˳ȥϸֵķӰҲ֮


1206 ɵ
ʹϷɴСĺɫȻ䱬ѿ
Ѫɫз˳һϢٵģ
Ӻɫ֣ɢǰ󲻹̶ʮĹ·ֻдһһ죬֪зʲô
ԭڵ󾳺ʣʹһͿأг𾪺Ͳ죡
ڹ糤ˮһΪһӰһֳӰɫ΢΢Щ԰ף޴󰭵ӡ
սתֱ£Ǻʹʿ˶Ƭ̡
ܿ˫ع¶˿ϲɫʹʿһ԰ס
ݵȻۼܣһۣ̱ҪɢӴܶʹʿҲ˿ս⣬Ҳ˷һɢ
ߣ
Ԫħ߽ʿӦҲǼ죬䣬
ͺʹѳƺȻҪϾɱ
ɱ
ɫâɱٴ쳹ס
һӣһɽ鼤صһΪһƬƣסɫƲ塣
ƹһɫϻûִɫס
ɫŬ˼£˿޷ѣϵ˿ӿ˴Ѫ
ۼ˹ɫһ͵һſڣһɫ
֮ΧĺˮѸ飬ǵصĳȥ
ڴʱһɫСһڻ֮£ѸޱȵĳԶ۶ȥһģ㵽ʮ֮⡣
ӣ
ɫС˸ոշɳʮɣǰڹһһֻɫֶָһѽɫСץС
ɫСںɫ֮ͻһļУСͣ
˿޷Ӻɫ֮ѷֺ
ӰһΣӰһǰ
ѣɫСۼ֣æĲѡ
ȻǶ˺ʵ壬˭ƺϵңУô֪Ѫ֮£ʵ
⡭½֮صӣһƻѪԲ֪顣ɫСԭЩɣеĺ⣬̷ɿ˵
ӣԭˡ˵
͸¶ԿǺΪһ˽ΪѴ󷢴ȱһ»֪ܶȫߵѡӶġ
ϻˣһҪ㣬ھȡЦһÿɷ˵
ɫСԣ΢΢˿
ɿȡһƿִһɫСͬɫƿУŷȡһŷ棬ŷ
棬ƿһɫ
ʵȻûʲôˣǱϾ浤ڵԻʿ˵һǱϧոռսʱɽ̫Ѿ浤飬Ч١
Ҫʬ֮ʱɫһ
ʬ徹ûȫʧȥϵ֮Ѫ⾹Ȼڻ䶯Ŀʼϡ
ǡʶ̽˺Ŀһ
Ȼ΢ںʵʶ֮УһľǴڡ
ԭˣŶ˺ʵ壬ûüʲдľǳɾ
²µľ΢һ˼ִһ
סɫĻƹâţɿΪһɽģѾսڡ
ЩĿų·ȥ
˴˿̣ʹսѾʹʿ˲ĴӴ֮⣬󶼱˻ǻɱǻڵĺʹѾȫռˡ
ЩʿҲûţѹ𺣻ʹ
ʹưԲ׺֪֮꣬ѹ˶ٶ˵ĸȻŹһʵĻᡣ
ҡҡͷһȥ
˹Ԫħīӵ˼æӭ
ǰʹһۣѾȫԪħ˵䣬ʮּ
ãҲˣһսʿ˲С⺣ʹ֮ӦвԴԼŷһ¾ǣ֮ƴ½ɡ˵
ǡԪħаϲַսƷڼƺԴ˺ȤӣȻæӦһ
ֵܣѵ㲻һƴ𣿡֮⣬æʵ
ﻹЩ飬Ͳͬˡ˵
Ȼ˼ȻΥ档
ת뿪ʱһϮǬʿз˳
磬Ҫȥ
һЩҪһͬȥɣ֮һȥ㡣˼˵
ҺһȥΪȻУǶ󷨻Ϥ˵ܰæġǬ˵
ðɣһ˰ɡ
˼Ƭ̣ҪȥĵطܻõǬ˵ͷ
Ǭԣ϶ʱ¶˿ĵɫæǰһѱסֱۡ
Щεҡҡͷһ䣬һźڹˣԶ۶ȥ
ǰĺܳǬʦֶµѣǺԶȥķԪħָĶʦ̫˵
ԪѲԼ̫𡣡ʦ̫ԣȴ˵
Ԫħٺһ治ٶ˵ʲôˡ
ʱ䣬˽ʹ˸׳죬һջ񶼲С߲֮˸ǻϲķ׷׺ϲ£졣
һһҹѰȷѾ޶֮Щʿ뿪˺ʹתƴ½ȥˡ
Ȼ֮ǰԪħʩչֶΣˮ¹ٻպٱʲôá
ЩȻǺ󻰣˿Ǭ뿪ʹһɶݶȥ
뺣ʹãӰһɳһŮЫ䵽ԡ
𣿡ƺ֪Ыڴˣʵ
Ы˵ͷԵǬһۣһ˿âȡһīɫĴָݸ
ЫĿǬֱ΢ͣһ£㻯һڹ⣬
磬ո裿ǬĿһתʵ
Ы֮ǰͷ浤Ы˵īɫָ
ǬŶһûʲô
˼ǰɶݶȥƬ֮һףһƬСʯѾãطѾ̮
ǡǬ¿˼ۣʵ
ܶǰһ¿ӣ˴ʯӦѾ˰ɡĿһ˵
Ǭϸ΢仯Уɵûжʡ
ʶɢȥƬ֮ǬһȡһŻɫϡ
߽׶ݵطǬЩԾ˵
ĬȻһЦ˶ݵطϷһɫĹâһ˸˵¡
ɫâ֮£Χ·ҺһɿĵˣǬиֳӨ֮⣬ץֱۡ
Ǳɾ֮һᣬ뿪㣬ǰһʪĶѨ
˴ǵѺĵ¿Ŀȫˡ


1207 طԨ
ʶһɨ֮£ǰĴӵȻ̮ʣĿӵҲѻ˳Һࡣ
һ󶴣мҪڴȷһ¡˵һȡһ¹ʯĹâʱѨ
Ǭ˵ͷȻЩΪλ֪ǲûжʲô
¿ͰǰȻ仯Ĵ󣬲ӴʶԾᳵ·һ֮ͨдǬ
ȻһͨͣĿɨһȦ¶һ˿ɫ
ôˣǬͬͣΣʵ
û˵һðһɺΪһֻڽǰͨʯϡ
һʯϱһƬʯͷкȻ¶һȭͷСӯӯʯ
ƯʯͷףƺˮʯǬɫʯЩȵ˵
˵ͷ¶һ˿ɫ
ʶӦУвپʯԿɣӶеѾķϲ°ˣȴ֪ΪνĿˡ
ҡҡͷ˼Ժ
߰ɡǬȥ
ʱһֱͨصĿ󶴣ص׵Ĺϵһɵ
벻˴ĽƾȻڡĿ⳯ɨһۣһʯ֮ϣ˵
ǬĻǴʯڣϧĿʲôҲûп
Ƭ̣ҡҡͷһ֣һɫնʯ֮ϡ
ʯϷһ׹⣬һ̱㱻ֽն飬ʯʯ׷ɣնһ󶴡
֮ŻҰɫ¶һڶͨͷ
Ʈ˳ͨе֮ŨˣǬеƤһʹһ̲סһС
ľͷһԨ֮أҪȥһЩ飬㴩Ͳᱻˡ˵ţȡǧ䶷񣬸Ǭϡ
˶ǬȻøо˿ˣɵ˿
ʱ䣬ͨȥһ֮˱˾ͷһ쳣ĵº
µɫķӡԾʹڣƺǿһЩ֪ǷǺ֮ӹ̹
˺һЩһӣֽһ缤ǰһ
Ǭ̹ɵվ
ִһǰĿֽϹţΪһʮɴСɫ޽ͨɫ绡˸ȻΪһ޴׵֮
һɫ޽ɽնƣ˺Ͽյһա
һ죬ȻŤģֳһƬɫĹĻ

ɫ޽ϵһɫĻϵļɫ޽ǿޱȣ˺һ޴Ŀӣ¶һɫĿռѷ졣
ߣ
һе˿ֽһһסǬ˿ռѷ֮С
ǰɫȻһ䣬ѾһƬɵĻ硣
ո˵Ԩ֮أǬĳܴͣԣõĻΣա
ɲʲôõطûйƴĿռӦٽڤ硣УǧҪѵЩɫԵͽʿвСʴáһ䡣
ǬԴһæ˵ͷ
磬ʲôǬʵ
һ֪ˡ˵ţǬһȥ
Ԩ֮Щ굹ûʲô仯ûñһȺȺڵΪȻɰѡ
һʱ֮һ̮ĺɫɽĵطɽ֮ǰһƬʯ֣ǵӡħ֮׵ĵط
ٴ˴һЩ׷̾˿
漴Ŀ⳯ŴʯϿյȥֻһƬɵգռû˿״
ǰĿռڵѾȫʧˡ
ȻѾµϻ̲ס¶һ˿ʧ֮ɫ
ԶﲻΪ˹ͷ羰ģΪѰܹص½ķԭķѾвͨˡ
Ǭʧ飬ɵû˵ʲô
̾˿䵽˵֮ϣǬһۣҲûʲôǴﱻ͵½˵һ顣
ǬǵһԾͬʱüȴһ˿֮ɫ
Ҫ½𣿡Ǭʵ
ţ׺֮Դ̫ƶҺܿͻƿȻҪ취ȥ˵
֣ʵû̫ģ½ΪԴ֮أʵɲ⣬ĸ޷£ܾ׻ֵ֮ġ
ҪһȥǬĬƬ̣ᶨ˵
Ŀһ¶˳ɫ
Ǭ裬ڲ׺֮ȷʵЩϧˡ
磬֮ǰǴģ˺ʹľҪӦһġӦһȥ½ԼΣǬ飬죬һƬ½ǵ˵
ðɣҲӦҲˡǬģҪǰͷȥŷֶԷѾһֻ԰һЩŮӣֲ¶ۼֱۡ
̫ˣҾ֪ˡǬԴϲһסҪȥ˵
ɿһջ֣ǬվһȡǸװӾǵİɫƿ
ȻĿռڵѾʧҪ½ֻˡ
ҵƿڵķִһһźð˳аӵľǡ
ӾǶֺƵĵ˵ͷ۾Χһۣһ˿ɫ
Ҳ֪ӵ仯Ȼֻһ˲ǱУʵ
ǵģǰǸһΡһ𣬼æ˵
Щ鶼ν㣬Ϊ½֮صΪλ⸱ģĿʵ
˵µȡѪ֮ȵ˺Ȼɱһұ˻ֻоǽ˳ȥЯļ䵽ģЩ˵ǿģ
֮ô׺֮ģ˿Ϊޱʵ
ҺܾǰһŴ󣬵ʱδ⣬֮в֮£һû뵽ͷͨ򡣡ۼƣæش
ͷԴϲæʵ
¿ԽЩ鶼ߵѣӦģħģ֤ºһ˿ɺãӳһ£һ̸׵ģ˵
Ŷڻʸ̸ѻܹ֪ͬЩ飬ҪԡһЦûм˵ȥ


1208 ϹŴ
ĹȻʲô⹦۽꣬Ҳ˿ɱȣѻ֮ȡ˿ѶϢԣɫ
𣿡
üһһתһסӵľǣ֮ð˿˿Ƶĺסӵľǡ
ӿзһ˺ѷεĲҽУһҪľǣȴһĵ׷׵
һӺɫջ֡
û뵽ûпʣѻȷʵ޷ӵ꾫֮С
û˵󻰣ǿʩֻ㾫Ǳˡ˫ĿһС
ո˵ĽףѿǴӦˣӵľǴ˿̿ήҲ񣬱ѻ֮ĥ˲پ֮˵
Ȼֱ£ȻнʸˡãֻҪʵʵǴ鶼˵ҿĹһ˵Ľ˫ֵ󣬻ƹһȻĶһɽ飬ԼԼܹһ˫Ŀգһɫ
ָ΢һɽ֮Уɫ˫Ŀ΢΢΢һ¡
ã˽׾ˣԸʵŲۣسŵҲõѷʲôħ֮ˡӲûע⵽ĶԴϲ˵
ˣ˵ɣǴںδÿɷ˵
ʵԨ֮أ¸ո˵һΣڴ촫͹֮󡣡һЦ֮˵
ŶһЩȻĵ˵ͷ
˴Ԩ֮ؿռȷʵЩȶǰʯִҲͨ½Ŀռڵˡ
·ɣɫ˿δ䡣
ӾС˶ͷҹһһǿʶɢȥƬ֮󿪿ڵΣӦԶԶ
ûзϻһĴӾǣǬŶɶݶȥ
ʱ֮ӵָ£һƬĺɫɽǰ
ȥɽ֮еŻҺɫȻΪŨ
ˣɽеһ¶ѨҺɫС˵
Ե˵ͷһҪȥǰҺɫ֮дһ¸µĹֽУһҷзɳʮͷɴСĻɫ
Щһ쳤ڣСϳһںڵצ⣬˫ҲֻצӣΪ
ɫɢϢȻﵽ˻ڣƺܵͣһˣ˻
һһӣֱɫⱩǣһɫѸײڶ֮Ʒһģ󸽽ĸֳʮһģһĽ硣
ʮȻ£һɫһĹ򣬱㽫ʮͷϤС
ӴĽ֮£ʮͷŸоٽĿ־壬зֵ˻УҪԶӴܡ
ɫѾסе·޷ѡ
͵һʮͷ޵ֿ֮㱻ն壬Ϊ⡣
ǬӵĿ֮Ҳһ˿ɫ
߰ɣǸ¶Ѩ˿ֽͬʱһ䡣
ɽһϿ֮Сæ˵ָ˷
һΪһڹ¡
𣡡ɫ֮кȻһͳĺУ͸ոչĽЩƣǵͳࡣ
ĿһͣΡ
ƿ֮
һ޴Ӱ֮зȻһͷȸոʮֻľݡ
ϳ˺ɫë˫ſжʮɣͷϳֻ˶ĹĿ˸׹⡣
ɫݺȻһͷ浤ޣֻ۾һĶſڷһ˻𣬳޾ɱ¾Ϣ
һ̣˫͵һһɹɿӳϯΪУϯȥ
ǬΪֻҺڣڿŰ֮£ʱβȣǰҪʹ֮˺ˡ
һԵӾСˣҲɫ䡣

ŭɫһִһһ㵭ɫĻǬУͬʱһصһӣ߰˿ɽ鼤ӭ˲Ǵĥ̴Сź˵ƣźɫȥ
ķһɽ飬ֻһײ׷ɢ
䣡
һɽ˺ɫݱ֮ϣһĹ֮ɫݷһг˾֮⡣
δߣʣµ߿ɽҲѾûͷû
һ֮󣬺ɫݵѾò·һʯͷһȥصˤ˵ϣû˿Ϣ
ޱĻٻɽ飬Ŀһ֮˺ɫݵʬԡ
һǱرǹͷޱȣǼõϣһͷ浤޵ļֵɲһͷ浤ޣòҲԴڡ
ոһɽңһɽҲˣɫȻҲѾɼ͡
ھʬɨ˼ۣҪʬսֽ䣬кľһзһס
磬ôˣǬɵʵ
ͷ޵ΪѾﵽ浤ھȻûγ浤ĶԴﳤֶ૵˵ֽԴȡһȭͷСԲξʯ
Ӻɫʯֱ󻬵ıɢĺڹ⣬ڲû˿ɢһʶĲ
ӿеĺɫʯйâһ
ôĪǸϵʯһۣ˵
ҲǵһμⶫγɵһʯɡӴ˸˵
ٺһЦҲû׷ʣƬ̺㽫ǰȥ
·;˳ˣӵָ£˺ܿɽһϿȵײ
ָϿȵײһƽĻɫʯڡ
ھڴ˴ˣΪ˷ֹЩ޽ȥƻﲼ˼ơ˵
˵ͷЩȻסƽ
¡
һƬɫĻһȭ飬ǰʱ¶һһ˶ߵĶѨڡ
Ѩ֮һƬĶСĿռ䣬˻ɫʯͷʯмһƬСĿյأյϿ¼ƣɫľʯһʽΪӵķ
Ǵͷ󣿡һĿ˵
ǡӺԥ˵
ΧŴת˼Ȧüͷ΢Ϊʵڿʲô
ǬһϵĴŵϵƣҲƲĿˡ
Ǭһۣ΢΢һЦҰѴŮԣ󷨴ʦڣܶͼ򵥶ˡ
ŴƺѾʧЧˣܹ޸𣿡ʶڴ̽һӦʲôת׶˵
ŴڵĴͷкܴо˺ܾãרгʹõķҪͷҪһΪķϡӲ˼Ļص


1209 
Ǻüͷʵ
Ϊ˼˹Ŵͷ󣬻ʮʱƳһ챦ڲϡȱֻܹöϹʱڵĴŲЩƣƵһ౦һͷʧԶԶȲϴŲԶʹõġӽ͵Ļص
𣬿ѾõһöʣµһöģĿһ˵
ҵû޷һֱĴصӦѾõ˰ɣĿһۣʵ
ʵĴ﷨ȷϣһûü鿴˵ţָһѾһƴС
һ鲻ѪɫƣһΪ޵ĿռΪƶɵģҹӷɿ˵
ԣкһʱһεѪɫơ
ǴˣֻҪԵ뾫Ѫһ̶ܼŴˣʱֱӷ֮ءӵ˵ͷ˵
еƣ
ӼˣҲʵʵû˵
һԵǬЩĴ֮¶˼ָȤ֮ɫ
ŶȻ˼򵥣ҵЩ棬ȻܹصǺΪλҪڲ׺֮ƫƧ֮Ȼʵ
˵Цˣҵڱ׷ɱˣ߶Ĵͷû뵽͵ľǴԵĹ磬ȻǲԸȥˡģóȻȥֻ²þҪɢˡӿЦһ˵
ԭˣԹԵİеƣٶ˵ʲôˡ
Īǵм٣ѾĻˣУһԱ֪αֻϣµʱܹŵԣȥźáӼˣ̾һЦ˵
ٺһĿϵѪɫϺ󣬾Ҫ˵ЩʲôȻϴһƸӵĻƣ뱻ƣһʬĿܣͲҪ
˻ɫ䡣
΢΢һЦһ㽫Ѫɫսֽ䣬Ȼһ֣ǰһɽ顣
ƹһɽзɳһɫ١ۡһ𣬾ͻΪһģİ꣬Ǻʡ
˿̵ĺʡϵİòѪۣɫҲ԰֮ӵĿԹ֮ɫ
㾹ȻûܣѾӻ˵һȻסڡ
ѾҵľΣǲǣһЦ
ˣҲ̹ص䣬ȻԶԶȲ㣬ʱûѹһġ¶ʹɫ΢΢ЩǿʹЦ
ɫѿ֮һĿ纮Ŀ˹
ѣĪ˺˵Ǿ㲻ţŮһоͶˡٷɿ˵
վһԵǬ˻üͷһ塣
ԣɫһ
һиĴ˿̣ӵľȻҹţ顱һѿΪϰٸɫС棬˷ȥ
ӣ
ĿһؿðһĿ⣬һĻΪһͷţӰǳͼڡ
ţſ³һɫϼ⣬дһǿ˲Ѩ
ոɢɳͷɫС汻ɫϼһ׷׵ĵأţһ̽˶ӣһԼĲҽдӳͼڴȻܿûϢ
һ֣ţâһٴûͷʧˡ
ۼӱǬȻһЦͼͷӵϵĴͷ
ӱͼɺ󣬺ʹʱʧһվֱ塣
ѾˣǾŴɡȻ˵ҲԣԼѻ꣬Ҳ֪֪ˡ庣ƽ˵
ĪҲӵشȻȲǸĳ̶ȣԱ꣬Ҳסġһޱϲ飬ƺ˵һԼ޹صһ㡣
ȻǾͰҸոպӵЭ飬ҷһ·üͷһ壬Ƭ̺˵
Ե棿Ŀһʵ
䲻ڼ˾ӣ˵Ļġο浤Ѿѣ֮ӺüѴǿκƣҲҲ浤ʲô˵
¶˿ɬ飬û˵ʲô
Ҫ뿪һҪһƣʡ뿪ƴʲôΣֲ˵
ϵ⣬ɲòӦˡҪͬʱħģɫһ£漴ҡͷЦһ
û⡣΢΢һЦ˸ħġ
֮дʣָһѪȻִһ
ѪΪһѪɫģһΪ
ȡһɫƣһѪɫķ֮СƱ·һ㣬ֳһѪɫ֡
һһģû˺ڡ
麣֮иֳ˿һѪ⣬·һ麣
һʹ麣дƺһһ̣ʹʧӰ٣·ûгֹһ㡣
ѧһѪƣѾֲ麣ʿҲһܹƽ⡣ģֻҪ˴߶ƣڵĽƲκӰ졣˵
һڷȻЩѪ˿ûʲôӰ죬˿
뽫ƴУĿһʵ
ģⶫֻһ壬һһ֮˱ܣҲʲô顣˺ʵĵģ˵
ԣɫÿһЩ
ڸŴɣһתʵ
ʵŴҪʲôһ˵Ļ
⻰ʲô˼ԣɫһ
ĪҪᣬ˵ĶʵӶĽŴȻǿʹã޾ĥУѾԽԽÿһζ֮󣬶Ҫһʱ仺ָܻҪ󷨻ص½ƻҪٵʱ䡣ɿĽ͵
ˣüͷ壬ʵ
ѾħģȻ˵һԣοʱ䣬浤ʿ˵ָһӼˣʱǷ޷ʹã㾡ȡҵǣҲѾ˽ơ̾˿˵
Ŵ˻¶˼ɫ
磬˵ĻӦģȻûмŴ󣬵Ҳܴжϳ󷨵תЩȷʵѾЩѺˣתΣͻ᳹޷ʹˡڴʱһԵǬ̧ͷ˵


1210 ̹澭
𣿡ǬĻüһ
мطģ壬ȥ֮оһ£Ӧܹ޸һ£ʹڡǬǵһ£ּ˵
ԣЩ⡣
ЩСǬΪȻŴ޸
Ҳ֮ɫĿǬһۣһ̱ƿĿ⡣
ΪֱֽƣںԼ޹֮Ȼöˡ
Ǻã¾ͽˣҪʲôϾܺ˵΢΢ͷ˵
ʱǬ㻨һʱϸһ飬ƸƵ֮ϡ
Ŀǰص½ΨһΪֹƻ˷ֻ֣һʱ䣬Ǭİ֮һ߰׽Ʒ󣬽Ѩ⳹׷ŷĵ뿪
֮˴ӷ֮з˳
ˣҾڴ˱ɣϣպҪץסʲôǵɱɡĶԺ˵
ĬȻ˵ͷһȻ
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ַһɺסѶһݵԺ֮С
Ƭ̺ĿһһӣСԺĴŻ򿪣ſںȻվһߣߡ


1211 ɫ«
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Ͽˣʦֶ˵ˣԹݷá߼һģ
ڵ֮أ򲻵ʧߺ޲ʹڱչظǧ꣬ԶҪ뿪Ȼǲܵġ
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˵֮Уԭ׺ʮ屻ʹѹȺԻ൱ƵʵС
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ãЫ˰ɡԸһһӣ϶һɫݵʬ壬Ԩ֮ػɱͷ浤ޡ


1212 «
ִ˼ſһɺɫס˺ɫݵʬ塣
ϵëں֮кܿڻƬ֮󣬱һҰɫëʬ
ʬ϶ദ¶ҰɫĹͷ
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ˣ޸ҪȽϡĲϣ֪ûУǬǿ˵ͷ㱨˼ֲ֡
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ȻǴҵõʱҲôáЩȻһ䣬󽫵õľ˵һ顣
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ǬȲӣ΢΢һЦԹԵ߻ҡ


1213 ׵
ڶգһСԺɫΪӣƺЩڴҲЩӡ
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飬һȡװŷʬĸ߽ǿǰɫƣݸߡ
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ǵյ׵ڣǬ¶ݵž޶˵
ڼ򵥵Ŀ˸ĵεò֮󣬱ųʶȥ̽飬ȴ־޶֮Լһʮ΢ķЩϸ΢һ˲ײ޷ʶ쳣ǿԼ
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˵ǬĿǰΪ޷κĻʱЩͷԣĵ˵ͷ
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źǰȥȻһƬʮֿĺƽ̨ƽ̨֮ˮӯӯι״⾰¿˵ޱȡ


1214 İ֮
ǬѤþ£зһ˿ɫǰȥЩС׷Ϸ
ȴվԭأɫص˼
޷׼ȷĸӦʲôǴ˵ش΢ȷŸǿ˼֣ƽΧҲûɵЩ
ԥҪҪ뿪˴֮ʱȴ֮ȴǿɫʯڲͣ
һһתȡʯ塣
ͻȻ䣬һҹзȴǻɫʯзɳǰ
ֲƽ̨ƺܵĳһ㣬׷ױŤŹ׷׳ɫʯȥ
һ֮ʣɫʯĵĻηû󣬷ɿ˸ͣеȻ
֮˷
ܵĿռ֮УһѷȻ֣һǿˮͣĻζ
Сģ
״ڹһһɫһǰǬ˵Ҫʱȥ
ʱɫʯԭյһٴӿʯΪģһɫС
ֻ䡱һһ޷ֿӱ޷ѵ󵹷ɶȥ
һֻ̣ǰһƬ˷ȫɫϼ⣬̹ǵϯ
һȻ£æʮɽ飬ɿתһɫĽ磬˻С
һ˲䣬֨Ĺϴ˷Ⲩ˰ӿѣͬʱһתĸо˲䴫
κв֪˶úֻĿȻˡ
ٴοǰ֮ʱֻһЩİ
ٶϸһʱԼȻһде֮С
ܼʮɸߵĲĿǣïҶȻͷڱʮ֮˾ţ鲼˸ߵĲľ鲼һԹ״вٻ˷ĵ̡
ǰΣټʶ㣬һʱ䶼ЩȻ
һȦջĿ⣬˵ԵϻԲѵǬ
ųʶһɨȷֻڿռ䴫͵ʶЩ𣬲ûʲô󰭺΢΢һ
ָһһâһ֮ûǬüУת׿ԡ
һԵĵϣǿɫʯ徲ڵϣѾٴα޹⣬֮ǰںԨųĲöĿ֮⻪·꼻һһ㡣
һʯУʶϸ̽⣬Ȼϧμ޶
εҡҡͷ֮ʶ˷Ӷȥ
ʱǬĿһһ̵ѹЩŵվֱޱվʱԶ
磬Ǻδô
Ҳ䴥ʯϵű͵˴˴ҹ۲ľأ̫ǲ׺֮򣬵Ҳ½ĳ֮ɫ˵
ʲôǴ˵ǺδǬƼԾ
ЩԻŪģȰŵҩ¡һɫ԰׵ǬЩӣһһĴָĻɫҩһת㳯Ʈȥ
л磡ǬˣҲֽӹҩ˿С
һ̣ԭ԰׵շһĨѪɫ֮ɫ䵭˼֣ǰнӹɫʯ壬ϸ
Ĵͬʱųʶ
ûãǬüͷ㽥
ȱоʯˡ˵ؼʮ֮ƺжҽϢǰȥһͻȻɫһ˵
ǬԣȻûᷴԡ
Ҳ˵һӣĺɫһ㽫ǬУ漴âһ㳯Զɶݶȥ
Ƭ֮˱ɵ֮
ȥǰïܵĴУĴĲľѱƻ䣬¶һƬĶСĿƽء
ƽ֮УʮͷͿޣΧⳤӡ
˵μ˰ɽһžʯ֮
ʶһɨΧпһ޷ΪڼٵڵӣƺΪ֮ˣǻʵ
Щޣȴ죬һͷ߰ɴСӲëĺɫΪڻ⣬ڻڵڵӡ
ǿȻΪߣɫ԰ףһ޷ֶ֧õӡ
˿˫ϴ߶ɫϼԴԴϵӿڿлΪһȦȦĺ˪һԼĪʮɴСķ֡
ͬҲͬˣ䤱ȴԺԥҧΧڿ࣬ĿŵŲԶʮͷ¶࣬ƴޡ
ڴʱΪ׵޿һ˻һһӲëһ㵯ȥ
һ顱촫
ס˵ɫĻһҡ£ǽӲëֻǱȴ˼֡
ʣµʮͷ޼״Ҳ׷׼ӿ˹˷м˷ɿ˹ȥٶ֮쾹öһԵǬһʱЩĿϾ
ۼˣɫһʮָʱۻҵһܵĺ˪ֶʱʢ˲γһƬˮͰϸıƴܼȥ
׷״߶ȫԴԴɫĻ֮ϡ
žһײϵ
ʮͷʹٶ죬ڽĶ˼֮󣬻ͷޱֱӻУɵ˰֮⡣
Щ޵ƺΪǿײ֮£Ҳֻڵϻз˸ͷ󣬱µƺֻһЩƤ˶ѡ
ǿӦǶĳи߽׵ھ޴֮£ɫԲ԰άŷĻ
ڶΧ޵˻Ļ
һ֮ǰΪ͵Ĺ˻
䡱һ
Ȼٴγ֣һһͷɫģ޳ھʯڵϣҳһСӡ
ͬʱڽһѪҡҡ׹֮УȻһĵһλ˵ĻС
ɸߵɫһվͻȻ¶һ˿ǵı飬ӳһɨ̼Ŀ¶׹ĳʯɨȥ
ΪҪĻʹ󾳵ʿҲδܲǬͲͬˣֻҺڵ˽¸޷޵ĸӦ
ڴʱɫһһ˾޵ǰһֻƮƮȻǱ˲˾Դϡ
顱һͷ­ϰıѶӰȴһʧԭء
ֻһϢ֮䣡
˺ȫһʱϷƿһ죬Ƭɫâһ֣ס˸ֻޣһѹȥ
Щδɫâƿս֯У˲г飬ͬʱƬѪһ¡


1215 ղ
ʣµͷ޷Ӧʱ֮࣬˲Χ壬׷׾ۼһ
ʱЩ޽ʮɵĵͿմƿٴδ
һӰֶ
֪ΪţǺ£޲ԼͬĶϷӶצһƬƬݺύ߳צâγһ֯ݺצ
ȴޱĳһӣһͬī֭һĺɫ˲ӿͷӰںиֶ̱ѿһƬڹ⣬ͷͬצϤС
һӺڹд˷Ĵ
һ̣ڹȥһƹһŵļûС
·յϣͷ̱ڵأѪûһ˿
ֵƸ֮ɱʮͷޣǰ󲻹ʮĹһԶĿԵĶһĿɿڴ
Ƭ̺߲Ŵһ𾪵ĳ
ղţлǰʮº͡
֮ͶѣлƮȻ£ſеղ֣üһ˵
˿ȷ˾Ȼʿ
ڴʱһ죬Ǭ˹ԡ
꿴Ǭһۣо֮ɫ
ҵкμ̣仯У΢ʵ
ңֻЩȣȻѹȸʿ꼱æ˵
һͷת䣬һʱûп˵
ǬһۣɵҲûпʲô
¶㷲飬֪ԼǷǰĸˡ
ʴ˴ǺεأҶżȻˣһʱЩʧ˷򡣡ȻһЦʵ
Եԣ¶֮ɫĻ˼ۡ
ǰѵ֪˴Ĵ½ϵѹ򡣡ڳɵĻص
Դһ֮пЦѡ
Ѿ˼Ѱһص½ķû뵽ȻΪĴ½
ԭ˴˴л֪֪ѿиĵͼԸ߼һݡܿ˵
ԼæѰһᣬȡһɫƬ˫ֵݸ
ѹȸĵͼ͸ǰɣΪǰղСƬ̣ıл⣬ղ˴Զġ깧˵
Եüͷһ壬Ҫ˵ȴһס
ӹƬʶһɨǺĶһϸĵͼ
Ǽһ޴ɽȵڴǧȷʵһıǡ
Ȼʢ»ЩʣǾͲˡǰ·ɣһΣ˼̴Ӧ
̫ˣλ롣ˣȻϲ
󣬼΢ɨһսźֽĽȥʬղķȥ
һ·֮ϣűֵΪ飬У֪Ĵ½ϲȫûĴڣֻΪϡ٣֮䲢ûʲôͻʶǿ˺󣬲δֳ̫ҵľٶ
ûѯһЩ飬µ֪ŵǰѹȲ̽޳Ķ򣬽ȴ˴Ⱥ޵ͻȻϮ
޳һ߷Уһߺ
ѹ֮ºͣŨǳʺ棬ƾŶԻӦԼڶԴЩ޿νǷֳ쳣Ѹ١Ҽÿһʱ䣬ЩлᵮһЩǽϸߵĴڣޣϮѹȸļ䣬ԶȡõԴ˽͵
˵ͷ
ĹһĻɽȡ
ɽһֺɫʯ˳ǽһĽʮɣʵޱȡ
ǽ֮ϲ˼磬ÿһ޴ʽһӶ޷ʿ¶֮ɫѲܡ
ǽϿոֳһ㵭ĲͬɫȻʩչһַơ
ǽУաӲԾĴɼ
Ŀ΢΢һոź˵ǲ䣬ΪΪ󣬵ǰЩһ͵ĳǳˡ
˷˹һʿӭȥ
ǰأλǡһΪڻҵĸȻϳ˺ţЩɻʵ
˵λѾѶ֪ͨ˲䳤ϣȥͨСӣ˵һ޳б䣬һЩҶϽǰļ˷ԸȻһơ
һʿۼǰĶ˱㹧ȻκβɣϽԶɶݶȥ
ҲǬһɵ˳֮ϣĿ⳯ɽȥ
ɽ֮һƬߴĽȺͳһúɫʯɣȽϴֲڣֳλǹΡ
ɽȵĴһΪĹ㳡㳡һΰĺʯɭϣ֮⣬ǰһ޴ʯ̨ΪۣΧĽ߳٣¼ɫģƺĳ󷨡
ĸӦ̨֮ƺһ޴УеɫǴ̨ɢġ
Ǭ´Ŀ˸̨ϵɫϣЩƲˡ
λһ·ңˡڼȻѾ˲䣬λҲȥϢɡŶ˵
Ե˵ͷת뿪
ǰҸڲĴȥһɡһָɽһߴʯĿһۡ
Ȼ˹󲿣ȻҪһ峤·ɡȻЦ
ոʶѾղǣղǧˣΪĲʮˣ浤ֻһˣ˿ںָУӦþղ峤
ŵ˵ͷȳʯȥ̹ȻĴǬ˺档
һ·֮ղˣԺΪ񣬿Ϊڲ
Ǭİˣ󲿷嶼Ժ棬Ŀ⣬˸źţҲû˵ʲô
˺ܿ䵽˴֮ǰ
峤뼸λҪ£ȥͨһΪ׵һƺ֪Ҫһ㣬û¶˿֮ɫͺŴ˸к󣬱תȥͨˡ
Ƭ֮һĿĺӣƤ˳
״ˡŹĽһ
ŶƽͺãҸոѾӵͨ˵޳б䣬ˣӼɫЩأܿȥʵ
״˷ģЩӦû̹ǵùһħޡ˵
ŴԣĿһתվںˡ
ʿܵ˵Ϣɫһ˵
ļŴԣɫͬһ
λǰǬҿλǰܽӻزġżæ˵


1216 İ
Ŵһļɫ΢΢һ˵Ŀ⣬Դм־֮ɫ
ĿǬһɨϣʶһ鿴ɫʱһ䡣
ԭѣղ峤ҶлѾСһ˵Ϣ֣֪ԷȻҲ浤ʿΪԶԼ֮ϣһơ
峤ؿͷ̹ȻĴǬ˴֮С
޳֮Ժ飬°ɡҶת༸˵һ󣬴źͬ˴
֮ϣղ峤ҶмϣǬ֡
˷ҪлѳˣССĲˡҶת׿һɫЩ԰׵ĺţٴγֵл
֮Ͷѣ峤黳һ·ϿǨƵƺĳطۼ֪Ǻԭ򡣡ԣ˰˵
˴޳֮ڲԶˡŶ㽫˴̽˵˵Ҷɫ΢΢һ䣬ûϻشʣʵ
ǰ˵ǰ㣬˴ϿеƺκһҪӴҸ˽Ӧõͷ浤ŵ½˴֮̽еҶ渵
ҶüͷһԵǬҲ־֮ɫһֱɫ
Ϊ˶ȡһЩ鱨Ǳ뵽ϿӸȴһħ޵Ĺ䣬һ·֮£·겻׷ɱɱ˹ȿڸֻʣĪ̡λˡʱˣͬʱʮͷΧŶ˶ٺֽ֮һĻĻ˵
ÿ޳ʱֻһͷ浤ʱҲͷѣȥÿһͷܾۼͷ޹ģ޳˽ͷͬʱǲ䣬˹ģ޳ҪһˡŶȥ֪ͨмλϣЩʱ򵽴ǰһӦ֮ߡҶķԸһ䡣
ǡԣӦŵһ㳯ȥˡ
ǡ޳֮£ѼЦˡˣλװأټݣӦòǱ½֮˰ɣҶ˸к漴һתĿʵ
Ŀ棬µȷ½֮ǰЩ⣬ͨռѷ䵽˵صġһ֮ͰٵĻص
ԭ½Ĺͣ½嶦ʢ¼ʶǳªδ̤Ĵ½λҲܷģĴ½Ȼвٲ壬Ҳвٲ岢ġҶһЦ˵
ҪĳͰˡˣ·˵Ĵ½Ҳڣȴ֪ںδĴ½з½;ԣɣʵ
ϿλĴ½ļλã֪ʿƺڴ½һˡͨе;ƺǰжţȴö֪ˡҶԣҡҡͷ
ȻˣǾͲٴˣ͸ˡ˺վҶֵ
λӦ뷵½ɡҼǵһλϣһЩ֪η졣ҶĿһ󣬺Ȼס
Ŷȴ֪λںδüͷһʵ
Щɣ˿Ӧòú᷵ز䡣λڴ̻գҲһ֮ꡣҶЦ
ˣǾ߶ˡ΢һҲʹӦ
ʱҶһЩйĴ½֮¡
Ƭ̺󣬺ŷ˴±ǰסˡ
·ϣѯʺŴ˵ǷйĴ½ĵ伮
ŵҲΪˬ죬ȥһв֮أѡ˼伮
СʱںŵĴ£˲һд͵ʯݡ
гԼ򵥣ȴΪҡ
ǬĿ⿴ǽϿ¼һЩŹַģ¶˳˼ɫ
Щʲô˹
磬Ҳ²ЩӦĽƷģոڴҲ˲٣Ӧȹ̷õġǬתͷ˹˵
ҿԴ˵ЩȤǶղ֪࣬ʱҪСһЩҪڹߡ˼
ǬԵ˵ͷ
ŷת߽һңǼ伮ϸϸж
ڶһ磬Ŵһ̧ͷһ
⼸伮УĴ½һЩϢ˴˽⡣
Ĵ½Ϊ󣬵鼮ϵ½;ڤκһ
Ĵ½ͬһţΪӵ㣬ǸԲơ
СĲֻǧˣͬղһ㣬Ĳռоۼʮϰˡ
Ĵ½ļΪİ壬˴ȺֱѪ٣ߣ׺ףӰǣܣӥ
Ͻ棬ľһ˼˵һЩĴ½飬Ӱǣܣӥ⼸壬Ҳ
һˣй֮ԵľβŮΪߣܹϽ棬ݿ϶Ҳ򵥣ûв´Ӧһʿ
Ѫ٣ߣ׺ȺûнӴ鼮ϵļأ˴һѪ壬ȻһֲޣΪԾ
˴ȺռĴ½õأ˴˻ţСȺǸӹ˴ȺһЩƫԶ֮
Щ伮УĴ½ĸ壬ĿйʿһЩء
壬Ĵ½һЩƫƧ䣬һЩ壬صĲǺϸֻһЩǵϢ
վڷ˼վ
ǰӺŸĵͼУ˽⵽ղһΪˮĳǳأǸȺ׵ĵطӦþܵõϸ鱨ˡ
һˣԥȥ
ոߵУһ޴ĺ⴫ͻȻһ¡¡֮ϴ˹лղ
ôˣǬһӳ¶˲ɫ
û£ǳȥǬļ򣬺һ֮£ŶС
һ㶣ԶԶȥֻɽȵڴһƬѹѹڹɽȿڵĳǽ
֮⣬Ҳʮͷ͵ɫߣϳſĳһԷצӣϵĳ·幥
Ǭڵʯݣλɽʶһʱ֮䣬ûб
ղԶЩ޵Ϯû׼ʱ˷ߵצ¡
ղ˾ֵĺһЩæŶ˷ݽ
ɽеĽƼӹ̹Щһʱ֮Ҳκβá


1217 Ϯ
ɽڴǵصĺɫЩ޿׷ڳǽ֮ϣһҵĺ
Щ޴ĳǽϹһ֮£ΪһӲӵɫĻЩ׷׵£һźɫ˷ıѿΪľ˲óǽһ
ڳǽԼʿķ֮£Щ޷Խǽ׳ذ벽
ͬʱɽ֮еղʿڶݵĵҲ׷׿ʼеɫߡ
һʱ䣬ַâдը޴Ĺͺ
Ī޳У˿ɫǬץסֱۣɫЩš
ڴʱһͷɳɫ߸Զһղ꣬¶·ѩذһ㡣
꿴ֻʮӣ˿ƺɵһ㣬彩ԭأûߡ
üͷһ壬һָһ͡һһɫתļ
ꡱһ޴ɫ߱նΣһѪɺĳΧ䡣
걻ѪſӦ˹Ŀһۣ漴һеĳŸһȥ
ص˵ϣ£ܿͲˡ
ָһ״ɫ䲻ݷĵգۼ䣬㽫뼸ʿļɫն䡣
ǼʿмĿһۣ漴ɫڷȥ
ڴ˿̣¡¡죬ҫǿᷨӰӹĳһĿĹâЩϷ
ÿһâһͷɫ߱ɱ
Ŀһվһԡ
Щղ峤Ϊ׵һЩи߲㣬źȻҲС
д˿̾ۼķѲȻЩ˶࣬ҲҺڵ˫ʵ֮£ܿϰɫ߱㱻ɱ䣬ɽϿһѪȴ̱ǵζ
ڴ˿̣ɽĸߴʯ̨ϣһɫâһ޴ɫſۿɼٶѸֺۿ㽫ɽϿС
ʣɫ߼״һ󾪿ֵ˻׷״ɫϿ϶ԶӶݶȥ
ܣŭһһҪ׷ɱȥ
Ҫ׷ˣ峤Ҷˮдһ¶һ˿ʣͣΡ
ʱɽڴЩۼеɫ߳ˣҲ׷ֹͣ˽תԶѹȥ
ղɽȵĻȶֻһЩ˵˻ڷ
峤Ҷɨ˼ۣɫѿ
޳ϣһȥȿھ䣬ԷЩַҶһص˷Ը
ӴӦһܿһЩ˷ߡ
ҳϣȥЩߡ峤һ˷Ը
Ŷ为𾯽֮ҹҪúôµģȻ׾޹˲䣡Ҷ峤ŭ˵
ŴӦһҲת뿪ɽڷȥ
ղۿ峤ŭһĬȻ
ˣȥæɡ
ҶŭĿһתվڲԶһۣɫ΢ٷԸ
˿ɢ
Ҷһ˷˹ǰ
λѣ䱻ЩͻϮǼЦˡ˴λҪлѸոհæɱ˼ͷޡҶ峤Ŀ⳯Χķʬɨ˼ۣ˵
峤˵ﻰǾ֮ͶѡɫƽĻص
˿̶ڷݽеղҲ˳ո־һղ꣬ܶ˶УҲºࡣ
ոЩϮ֮ǰ˵޳𣿡ʵ
ȻǣЩֻ޳֮ǰСޡϧղķͼڿ̫鷳ûܼʱչȻЩСɵ͵Ϯ˲֮УǲҶЩڨȻ˵
ͼڣĿһ˲Ǹ̨
½֪ܲΪͼڣϷǰ˵֮һֽ󷨵ĶӦúĴ½ͼࡣҶ峤Ŀһ漴˵
һ졣
Ȼͼڲİֻǲ֪ԷеġͼڡǷ֪ġͼڡ
֪峤ܷǲιһ¹󲿵ķͼڣվһԵǬգգ˵
Ҷ峤һ㶣¶ԥɫ
Ĵ½һЩȺУرղСȺͼڶʮҪĴУνе֮أغȺĴѰѰҲӽģοˡ
峤Ҫ֣½һʦԶصһЩȽϸȤˡˣЦ
ǬѾȻʦʧˣĴ½ͼʦǼΪټġȻǬȤǾһȥɡҶĻһ㶣֮ĿƵĿǬϲ˵
˵꣬Ҷ峤ЩȲĴˣŲĵĸ̨ȥ
Ҷ峤̬ȵЩȣһЦĴǬ˹ȥ
ܿ죬˸̨̨һűʽʯ
űŽգһƻѻ͸йâ
Ҷ峤ߵ˹űſڣȡһȭͷСĶƺһһĶ
ֻͨɫȴһ׵ģ֧ѩ׵͹Ķͷݵۿ˸⡣
ĿɨһۣƿĿ⡣
Ҷ峤һŹֵһ̹⣬ϵ͸֮ϡ
۹âһ漴һ¡¡죬Ż򿪡
λɡҶ峤һĶ߽˽ȥ
ĿһȻɫݵĴǬ˺档
һڣǰΪܿӦˣһС
һ쳣ĴĶСǹε״һʮɡ
гһ̳ģĽ֮ûˣԵΪտ
̳ɫӣֵķģɢһϹ⡣
ɢĹâһγһִɫֱű񷶥ȥ
˿̣̳֮վһͷ׵ĺߣһСҰɫḶ́ڶдʵ˵ʲô
鼫ΪרעȻûע⵽˽
Ȼͼ֮ĿɨĿϣ૵˵
ŶѶͼҲоȻ֪ͼ֮Ҷ峤Щȵ˵
½ҲвʿǰȥҲʶһЩصͼġĽ͵
ԭˡҶ峤Ե˵ͷ
ǬӽʼĿһֱͣڼ̳ϵϣĿâš
˵Ľ̸ھǸߣת˹
Ǭİʱ¶һ˿ŭɫҶҲվŭݲ΢΢Щ
峤߶ԺҶ˵ͷǴкˡ


1218 ʩΪ
һ˿ȣҲҺڵΪԺҶʱȴղϻҪĶࡣ
ѣһ£λǰƳϣղͼʦλ½ĵѡҶ峤ԺߵĮȻ̬˿û⣬һ
ҲǴģ˴ղĽأ֮˻Щ뿪ΪáƳһۺ󣬲˵
ԣ˿ɫûУһʮƽģ
߼ˣĿһ˿ŭɫ˵Щʲô֮ʱһԵĺҶȴ˵ƳϲضŭλѶеĹͣǶͼ˽⣬ŻǹĦһ¡
ҲͼʦŴԣŭɫɵת˼Ȧ
¶ͼֻСԣԶġ΢΢һЦԵǬһۡ
ŽĿ䵽Ǭϣ¶һ˿ȡ
Ǭӽʼһ˫۾û뿪̳ϵͼ֮ĻʱŷӦ϶ʱֳһ˿ɬ˵峤ܷСŮ߽һЩ
ȻԣǬ㡣Ҷԥĵͷ
˵꣬ҶԺʹһɫ
¶֮ɫÿλãߵһԣֻһ˫۾Ǭǻ֮ɫ
ǬԺҶЦһЦʾ˸лߵ˼̳֮ϡ
ĿҲ֮˼̳ϵɫӣϸϸ
ɫӳ˱⣬˻ſһ޵񣬿ЩЩϬţ͵½֮ͼ֮ʮƣֻǸԾ
תһ룬Ȼ֮ɫֻͼԽóģĴ½Դ֮أ½Щͼ֮пܱԴĴ½
ͬʱǬȴߵ˾̳λãĿһͼ֮Ϲ۲
ʱһһ㻨˰ʱŽӶϸ鿴һ顣
ϰǬ֮ʱרעҶҲܺãʼնûбֳ֮ɫһԵĺȴЩͷˣȻ峤ոԿˣҲö˵ʲô
ͼȷʵ󷨽ƸǧǬתźҶ峤һȻһЦ˵
Ǭܹöͼ֮ҶЩȵ˵
֮ԴǰΪԷܹͼʵ㡣
˵ʮ͸ͼ֮֮һģ跨ۼΧ㹥仯СŮӵĹ۲죬ͼӦǴصЧҼһЩǵԻã֪ɶԣǬһЦ˵
ҶĿһû˵վһԵĺȴ۾¶澭顣
ǬӹȻ󷨴ңѹƳ籸Ҷ峤һۣȻһЦ˵
峤ˡǬ΢Ļص
ȻǬѶ֮мأ֪ܹԱͼָ֮һҶ峤ЦǺǵ˵
˻ɫһ䣬Ҫ˵ȴҶĵȻһ䣬ʱ˵
Ǭת׿õһ϶󣬱Ц˵ָ㲻ҵͼ֮˴֮ϵȷʵЩ⡭
Ǭϸָղͼ֮һЩ֮һһ䶼ֱָġ
ԭЩһӺȴѾǬȫı̬ȣг֮⣬ʵʵĴ
Ѹոָ⣬侫٣ʵϷȴ֪Щ⣬Ǭѿа취𣿡ҶǬĿҲùһʵ
⡭СŮӳνӴͼֻܾԣұ֤ܽЩ⡣Ǭԥһ£кȻĴ˵
ãǬӷʩΪǣҪæܷԸƳϾǡҶ˵
ǺðɡǬһۣ˵ͷ

ղ˴˴޵ͻϮȻ󣬵ɽеȴ쳣ĴѲӵֱ֮ǰ
һӰɽȿڵĳǽϷ˽˲ĵĴ֮ǰǺš
߽˴Ƭ̺üͷ˳
м״ˣʴһ
峤Ŵʿͼڹűæش
һ
ڴ˿̣ɽ̨ɫһ˸дһ¡¡ľ죬һ㡣
ɽϿյɫҲžҲˮͬ˾һϯķƼΪˡ
ղһɫ䣬ңͼڹűķһЩڵĳϸֱӴɽȸ˹
ǹűŽգЩҲֻܸɿš
ô£
һ˫İ׷ߣŹűϿڲ˸𵴵ɫת׿˼Χļˣʵ
⼸ҲãȻȻҲûͷ
ڴʱһݹӴ۶һ¶˺ŵӰ
ϼæһ
ŻһĿ⿴űյĴţüͷҲ
֪Ƿ˺£ѵͼ֮ʲô⣿ǰ˵߿ʵ
ҲǺҸոյ֪״ʿ˱СĿһ˵
ڳ֮ԣסˡ
峤Ϊλ˽룿ѵģ᲻ͼԱ岻ߺɫһ˵
ԣ鶼һ
ӦòᣬҪԱ岻㲻ˣҸ״˼Ȼ˽뱤Уض˼ҵĴ㣬ǻǾɡųһ£˵
ԣеĲÿɷĵ˵ͷеȻһɫ
˶û뿪ԽԽ˷׷׾ۼ˹
űϿɫı仯һӵʱ䣬ȶɫ֮ǰִ˱ֹɽϿյɫҲԺʵ˺ܶࡣ
ꡱһ
űĴŻ򿪣Ӱ˳ǺҶǬˡ
ҶЦݣЩ˷֮飬ɫƽǬɫȴЩ԰ס
ףոշ˺£ŷ˹һۣʵ
ǺǣǲؾʲôոϷǬѰæ鿴һеķͼ֮Ǭѿһλ󷨴ʦʩΪͼ֮Ľܹ࣬Ȼȹ޳ˡҶ峤˰˰֣һЦ˵
ڳ֮һ𾪣ʮĿˢˢԵǬϡ
Ǭˣƺһʶ΢΢һ
ˣѾûˣǶɢ˰ɣҺλͻҪҪ̸һġҶˣæַԸһ䡣


1219 ޳
ڳ֮峤ԣȻоɲԺܿɢȥֻкŻԭأû뿪
Ҷ峤ת׶˵˵Щ㣬λƲɡ
˵ͷ
˺ܿղ֮Уֱ
֪Ҷ峤ո˵Ҫָ֮ʲôҲûӣֱӳʵ
ãȻѿ˿ϷҲˡλѶǲ֮ˣʵǿԶϷ֮ϣǬӾͨͼ֮Ϸλȹ޳ȻҲλװ׳һЩλı֪꣬ΣҶ峤˹ֺص˵
峤˵˵ܹʲô١Ŀһ
Ϸ֮ǰἰλгѾزУϷѴе֪Ĵ½½ķΣҶ峤ϸֳһ˿Цݣ˵һĶϢ
´Ե棿ĿȻס˺Ҷһһٵ
ȻϷԸԲͼġҶ峤Ŀⶢסĵ׺ĸеһǿɫ
Ŵ˻΢΢˵ͷ
˸߶λصķֻҪܴ޳Ϸ򻹿λöĿ飬ղرܹڸǶλϵϢλպĴ½㲻õıϳˡҪ֪Ĵ½ҲкܶȺǳӵġҶȻ˵
Ŵһţû˵
ãȻ˽ǻ֮£ǴӦˡˣֻƬ̣ͺٺһӦ
ѹȻ˿Ǿô˵ˡҶԴϲ
̸һˣǬ뿪ˡ
ףص½ķͲ˵ˣĴöĿ飿ŵߺ̲ס˵
ţ㲻ضʡˣôˣҶɫƽ˵
ѾˣЩϮ֮ǰвڹ߰׮󲿷ֶɱ˿ڣӦ浤Ϊµ֣Щ˲šųĬһ£˵
ЩԽԽߣǽӦ̽ǵʵ˶þͻֱӹˡҶ˵
ɫЩѿû˵
ȥӽտʼÿʮʱַ˾ɽȷԲķΧκ״̻㱨Ҷ˼һᣬԸ
ǣŴӦһת˳ȥ
Ҷ֮Ŀ˸֪Щʲô
ǬصסǬΪ֮ǰͼ֮˲ٷطϢˡ
ǸֶվڴǰĿɽڴķЦݡ
֮
ż¡¡Ĵ֮ԼԶһľŽ̼쳹ɽȣղ˲
ɽ̨ǰĿյϣʮڳϼͬһʱӹиɱ峤ҶںŽͬʱѳڴ˴
ԣվźš
峤ҶһԸ£˺Żڼ̳⣬˸Իһݹ⣬ֱܵɵսԼǰǽڷɳ۶ȥ
ڴʱɽһڹһ˺Ҷԣڹһ¶ǬӰ
Ҷˣһһӣ˹˹֡
˵ͷ󣬱Ǭվһԡ
ǬȻ뺣ʹǳսۣ˿ҲղĽȾ
ȴޱĵ˫֣ɽⷽȥ
ղʮ⣬ԶԶıܿȺһ𣬳ղ񱼶֮ޣ̳޳Х֮˷Ĵ
ֵȴģսۣǰһȻ䶯ˡ
ʱһװǰľ͸̨д
ɽ̨ϳɫȻʹɽȵɫĻзˮ
һ̣ͷӰɫĻиֶ߲ͣЩ޿ЩЩϬţȻǰűʯſ޵һ޶
Ӱѣû뵽Ǭ边˵ȳ̶ȵͼھǧûгֹˣҶŰеĹĻΣƺЩϲЩ̾Ϣӡ
峤ˣǰƳԽ͸ģСŮܳɹǬһЦǫ
Ȼɫ糣ȴǬϵٴδ߹һ֡
ϾνӴͼд˵ԣѾˡ
ڼ˵䣬ʱɽ⣬ȴǳٶǧͷޣѺȻɽⲻɴ
Щͬ๷һֻֻԼһۼףνýɣ㳯ŵһ̤׾ٵԾʮɵľ롣
һصĹֽ
Щ๷ؿһ֮󣬾ȻſһŰСĻɫУڿлһۻҵĻɫ⣬ղ䷽׷ɶ̼ڳǽɫϱһĻɫۡ
Щ๷޵ıǧͷͬϬţޱϮЩΪ޴󣬴ﵽ߰ɴСһֲڵƤ·ͬһ㣬ͷâ¶һͣӭŷײ˹ȥ
ʱĿҲȻɫӰ⣬ȴǧͷ֮ǰֹɫߣŤɳ壬ſͿһŴ̱ǵīɫҺ壬ɽϷɫĻϡ
Щ޳ӵҺʵ⣬ֻͽڵʵʵ̫࣬ʶƼ侪ˣ಻ϵı֮Ȼ޷ֺɫĻȴ·ʿ׷ľѡ
ڶݵ𾪹ЩڳϵһղķҲǷɿչ
ƿ֮
ֻǽ޴ʽͬʱɢһɫâŲ󳵵ʿ֮£һƬڴֵɫâ缲㳯еɫߣԼ·Ⱥȥ
Щ󱾾;޴ޱȣڱϵĳַͼڵļӳ£ٶȸޱȣ
ҽ
ٽǽϬţԼ๷ޣɫʸ֮˲ء
ЩϬţ;޴ҷͣҪʸɻɱЩ๷ޣνýݶѻУǱеĻȴһ
еɫߣŲռϴ󣬹Ч΢·ʿͷŵ£ʬ¡
һʱ䣬źɱ֮ڶɫʸ֯һʹղϼ졣
ûãղǽ⣬ѻСɽʬ塣
ֻʵ̫࣬๷ޣޣɫ߼Ϭţ޼ӵϣԺηһųǽ
ɫĻʵ֮£ղʿסʮƣ˿û·磬ʿǣս֮ơ
Ǵ޹裬û˿֮£Сչ˲ͷ֮ࡣ
ƣĻĻղʿһһҹҲڻ¡


1220 纣
ղʿʿʢʱͽ
ɽϷɫȺУĳһˮ㵴ͨɵĹŹȻֶ˴֮벻ɣٲȻγһ֮ơ
·ɽȸ̨ǰɫһ̧ͷĿȥ
ֻͷ°ͬɫһ㣬ȴǳĹͷģһɫɳʺ²¶ļ̹
ͷ˰ߵ޷һ֣һͣȻ³һżΪ޵ɫ֭Һ
ҺѸٵ֮£һƬɾ޴ɫ·ĵɫĻɿֶ£ͬʱһɹɹ̷һ·ʸֱӱ̷һ֮£׷׹¡
·ĵɫĻһЩɫʱˡ̡ðһɹɹ̣еͷӰٶ轵Ļ֮ۿɼٶȷɿ䵭
ɫͷ޳ֺ󣬿˻˻һ𣬾¶ٴƬҺ޼ɵĺɫĻ
ã浤ߣſеһĻɵѿڶ
ͼڴ֧Ųסͷ浤ߵĶҺʴѣҪǣһһˡղҶɫ飬ת׳˵
ﶼҪȥһͻġָһʱѻһڹ⣬˰ա
ȵҶ뺮ŶٷӦ֮ʱȴѾͬ˲һ˷֮⣬Ϊ׵һͷ˰ߵ߱
ͻȻ¶Ϊ֮һȻתխƷͫкâһȻһſڣһɫƥϢϯ
һɴ̱Ѫ֮Żͬʱƥŵٶȣһ¾͵ǰһĽû
Ȼ̹ɢȻֻһӰѡ
ڴʱͷ߱Ӱһ
һ
һɫԾʹȻһ
ߴ֮£ſһͬʱһɫϵǰ
¡һ죡
ɫȻײɫϣӦ飬ɫҲ֮ɢ
ಡһһɫӺк׵ļ
˽ľ룬ݲ߶ܣһ֮£ͷ­ĿԴž֮ɫ
˰ߵͷʬδ׹䣬һεѳһǰ
˫һģĻӶɫȭӰĿ׷Ѷ
߷һɲǼ䱻ֱӺࡣ
Զһߣۼͬ鱻Է赭д˲նɱɫ֮£תΣ̹һҪ֮زز
һ̣һƹѸײڶ֮ƣ伤ȥ
ƹԼɼһɫԲ飬δߣһƬɫϼϯһ¾ס˸ߵβʹȻһ
߷һУֻĿŻƹʵʵҵͷ­ϣȴ޷ֺܷ
顱һ죡
ͷ­·ϰ㱻һĶãһֱȥ
ͷ浤һɫ֮ɢɫĻϵͷӰٴ
ͬʱƿ·ɫʸٴ㼤
ⷬһ㣬ɫ߼״׷׾ּеɢӣŴ֮£Ȼɫʸɱ˲١
·ʯ̨ǰղ峤ҶҲĿɿڴ
û뵽ͷ浤ޣնɱˣǰ䶣ǬĻ·ڶϡ
ԵĺţԼղʿǾ°Ͷˡ
λѰҵȴɲҪ˷ˣλղʿǣҳȥҶΪ峤ڶݵ𾪹ڷӦһӵĸʿǽȥ
ɱ
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һʱ䣬ղɽ⣬ĺ˷Ĵս˲ﵽ˿ǰİȻ̶ȡ
ڴʱղɽȵɫȻ䡣
ϹһͷӰһ´У϶ΪһĻһͷʮɴСľӰһɫϼ·ǽɨȥ
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ЩڵɫϼУ׷¶֮ɫĴ̶ղʿ£˲Ϊ˴Ƭʬ塣
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ε޳˵ǾɵһΣûʧˣ㳹׻޵Ĺ
˷ܹղ飬ʼȻսصʬСĵ
޵ƤëѪڵǺмֵĶղС䣬ûʲô֮ƽʱҲǿɱһЩ׬ȡʯġ
ÿһε޳Ƕԣ˵ǷգҲһ׳Ļᣬرͬһδģ޳ֻҪɹµʬ壬㹻ǽֹˡ
ڴ󲿷˴ɨս֮ʱҶ峤ҲûţһԸܹĵĴ֮£ŵһɻˣʼеһЩ֮ˣǰѹ̽޶ͬʱҲ˼ܿɽȡ
Щ֮󣬺Ҷ֣صĽǬղ
޳УǬ𵽵һĿȻˣղܹͦ޳ʵضҲ˵ΪһЩȺū۶
ϾǿʳĴ½췢ġ
αܹȻȹ޳Ҫ˶λѵĶЭڴ˴ղλлҶ峤ɫ֣صĶһ
峤ؿĳŵ飬Ȼɵġ΢΢һЦָ˵
Ҷ΢΢һ˼Цһ̻صѷģĴ½ǰ½ķ׼׵ѹĿ
Ҷ˵ţȡһɫƬݸ
ĿһӹɫƬʶ̽档
ǡ
Ƭ֮ջʶһ䡣
Ĵ½֮صһǣĴ½壬󶼾ۼλԳһֿ纣½֮䡣Ҳλг֪Ψһܹǰ½ķˡҶӿ˵
纣ۡԭˡ˵ͷɫƬ
֮ǰŵöĿ飬ϾܹϢλպáҶȴȡһУݸ
һЦĽ˹򿪸ӣֻöȭͷСԲӣɢλðĵɫâ
۾һָȡһԲӣǰϸ
Բ֮жʱһϢֱ͸˳ֱӿڡ
üͷ΢壬̲ڵķһմȾϢɢϢ̱ĺԭྶͥ


1221 ˮ
ȻǺöһ壬͸һɫĵͷ
Ŀ浤ƵıʹáҶԥһº˵
峤ģԻСʹõġ֣һĿݸǬ
Ǭ֮ӹϣҲһ㵭ɫ
ΪԭͲߣڴ˱ļӳ£ھԣҲϻ˿Ϣ
ѹȾǲ֪жмյأλһҪȥȶ·ߣĳԤףλܹƽִҶɫ˵
Գл˼䡣
˫׼ȻɣҲûмղô˼
ڶһ磬ǬϢ뿪ղڵɽȡ
磬ȥǣղһɽͣΣǬһۣʵ
ȥһ˺ˮǰɡȡ֮ǰŸѹȸĵͼһղĳǳأˮǡ
һЩ׼֮͸ȥǡּ˴ۡ
ǬȻûƬ֮һɫӰѸޱȵĴɽ嶥һԶ۶ȥ

ϿԶһƬƽԭϣһΰ׳ĺɫǳأһīĴӴӳǳᴩϼ֪ͷ
˿ֵʱ֣ϵĴӳſڽЩ˷θ죬ƺԸֲͬʿ
ڴʱһҫ۵İ׹Զ۶ڳǳظһСɽϿͣ׹һ¶ƵӰ
һ·ղǬ
ֽ·Ŀǳɨȥ
ĿУǳĳǽ߰ʮɸߣͨһɫڵľ޴ʯɣ⣬ڳǳصĸ䣬Լɼĸʯ̽ǽаɫתͣ
Ĵ½Ϊĺˮˡ
Ĵ½ҪİݣӹЩСΪ˶ȡԴ໥ƵսҲϢʶΪ˷ʿ֮以ཻ֮İڸϽһЩˮһĽ׾ݵ㣬нֹȶʶһЩСɢԣһʮְȫĽ׳ˡ
ڳǰѴӺŴ֪ˮǣİĩβӥһ塣
Ǭǵһƴ½˵Ⱦ޳ǣϵľϲ˷֮ɫԱҲ˵һУͬ䳯ųзɶݶȥ
ˮǳſվ߰ӥǰϽӥʿһӳӥ״
Щ̲˶һȡһЩʯ󣬱Ŷ˽˳С
һУ̵ᵽ˴ķ
˳ţǰ㶸ȻĽֵͬʱչǰ
еĵ涼ЩڵʯͷɣΪƽ̹ÿһʯ϶˸ֹ׾ĻƣһЩϡ
Ľֵһɾʯĸ¥״죬ƴǳнΪׯصķЩĽ˼ִ֮ζ
Щϴ󶼲һӭƮҡģȻһЩŸŵĽ׵̡
ֵ֮ϣ˼࣬ȻǸʿ
һЩĴ½ĸо
ʿ͸죬ȻģϻٻһЩ޺ۼ˰޵Ķ洦ɼ
ߣֱӴһЩ׺ݵ޳裬ڴҡУ˶ԴȴǼֲֵӡ
ǬȻҲıһЩòЩȣܶ˼֮
Ǭǰľ󣬲Щ£Ŀһ
޷ϴĿ飬µġ˵䡣
Ǭ˵ͷɫÿһЩ
ڳйƬ̺ɫҹĻ٣ֵԵĵҲ֮˰ɫĹâ
Ǭںˮһջס
һ·ǬЩƣۣͻطϢˡ
˫ֵվԼĴǰŴⷱĽֵĿ˸
ˮǵĹģ½ҲһΪĳǳˣոڽֵ⿴˼ۣģ޲ϣݣҩ鼮ܣһɨ֮£㷢ֲٶ½֮
аŵڶյг̣ܿϥ˴ϣĿ
ڶһ뿪˿ջǬԴ˷֮ɫ
ΪǬĴη壬뽫ڿջ˭֪СչǬƺѾȫӦĻҪȥʶһ˵ط⣬޿κ£ֻýҲ˳
ǬþӲ׺֮򣬺ʱ˷ĵطĿʲô棬رһЩĵҩΪ۲ƺЩҲһۣҲó
תֵһߵĿ¥ǰͣ
ſڿȥһҷ伮̡
˽ȥ
λ͹٣˿ҪһЩ伮żˮһĵ伮ˡոս֮Уӭ߹һòͰƤɫİ׷̡
֮УһЩӵΰ֮⣬ܱһʮ鼮򣬿ģ֮ࡣ
˴йĴ½ԼϽĵͼˣǵϸܡ˴ģ֮󣬲ɫ˵
²Ʋ¥Ƕ鼮ܸ»ȤһЩƣֻܿһСݣпϵ鼮ʱѶң֮ɴ׷ֻ̿ѰһЩռĵ伮ƺЩʧǿ˵
ǹͼ֮ĵ伮ĸ򣿡һԵǬݵܣΪڴ˵
ͼ֮󣿴伮УһһԹ򵽱Ƚϸ߼ĵ伮ڱ˪䣬ͼһĵ伮Ҳвղأ⣬ǰ¥׷ԣȤĻش
ȥɣȤĵ伮ֱ¾ͺˣù˼ʲôġۼˣ촽΢Ĵ
ǬһЦҲԣϲġŵš¥СȥʼѰԼҪ鼮
֮Ǭ߳ꡣ
ʱϲһЩĴ½ؽܵĵ伮ͼϢĹƬѼ˲١
ǬҲҵ˲йͼڷĽܵĵ伮˫ֱżöɫͬĹƬ˷쳣ȻҲǴΪ⡣
ȻЩƷҲ㻨ȥ˽ʯǶԣȻء
ȻѾõҪĶҲûмŷؿջǴǬʼĵι
˼֮Ĵ½ʢԴԶԶһЩ½ѵһļƷģĴ½ȻǺ֮ܳ
ϲѣܽЩ絹֪׬ȡʯ
뷨̫ĵܿͱ׿רĲɹһЩԼ֮


1222 һ·
һѰҵ˼ֶԼõģչ
ʱҲ½Ĳ֮ͬ
Ĵ½֮У඼Ƿݣ޲ϵȻģǵҩȳƷ֮ȴ
˿֣ƤĴ壬ǳ鶯˼£дŲµһЩԭ
ֹһᣬһҲǰͣס˽Ų
Ҳһҳ۸ݣϵ̣ԼɣļľϰڷһЩݣ޲֮ĶЩң˿̿յûп˹ˡ
磬ôˣǬ˳Ŀ⳯ŵ̿˼ۣĶ̣һ㣬ɵóʵ
ûж˵ʲô˽ȥǬֻø˽ȥ
תһȦͣһǰ
Ŀ⿴˼һУһͨɫɢһŨҩҩݣŹֵǣɫҩݸһֻɫĳѣƲӼһ㡣
߽һ
ǰǿⶫĴһСĻתһһƤ죬ǳȮݵ˹
˿Ӧǵ̵ƹֻҺڵΪܵɲѹɫмֽš
װ֮˫˫֮ϲݣɫָƷʵ
ǰǺǰҪĻ͵ͼòͷֻʮʯΣһЩȤЦűһ۸
ԣĿһ
ǷǰȻΪϡУ˵ûʲôر֮ã֮һ½ҲǼΪģû뵽Ȼˡ
Ҳûж˵׳һʯȵԷȷ֮󣬳һ㽫һǶϵ
ƹģһҪ⼸ϣ֪̿УȡһɫƬݸƹ
ƹһ׮ۼȻ⣬ȻãЦǺǵĽӹʶһɨȴ¶ʧɫ
ǸĺܣǰҪЩ϶ܺСûеģرòϺԹݣ¸δšƹ񽫹Ƭҡͷ˵
üͷԹݲ˵½ȷдڣؼòϣļʶǰҲû˵ѵﾹһѾ治ɣ
һˣЩ仵
ʱ䣬Ǭѯ˼Ҵ̣û֪ò档
Ҳû˼ȥ˼Ǭص˿ջС
صԼķϥƬ̺һ֣ǰ˼שͷ鼮Ƭһ߳ľ״ֽͲ
ЩϸѡйĴ½ǵĵ伮ֽͲĴ½ĵͼŵͼͻʮʯ
ͼϸȷʵֵ
һ鼮һҳһҳ
Щ伮Ĵ½һЩϢİֲһЩǿ壬طķ飬ϸ
һ߷鼮Ĵ½ĵͼҲչһһŸжĴ½һӡ
йشĿĵǵϢҲ֪˲١
λڴ½ٺ֮أĴ½Ϊ޾
ݵ伮Ͻܣ纣۱Ҫ޾򣬵ִ½ϲ
ǱĴ½Ϊļ֮һϽĵһ壬Ѫ壬纣ȻҲǱѪơ
ܹ֮أʹѪʵΪԾ
Ͼ̫Ϊ½Ĵ̫ڣҲֻܿټ뱾ٽؾռ䣬û½ġ
ʱһȥһֱȵʱŽ伮͹ƬϵϢꡣ
ߵǰźˮ峿ķ羰г
Ĵ½ԶԤĸӴܶ࣬ĺˮڴ½ļ֮أλڴ½ߣ֮ľ벻֪Զơ
Ĵ½ʮֺģԶ½ôռмӵһЩһ·Ͽֻܿи·
½ɱƽ͵Ĵ֮ͬУɱƽˡ
ǸС֮䣬ΪԴᱬսİȻĳƽ⣬˴֮ҲǳĦټһ·ϿգڵʵҲûʮܹƽִǡ
ң˴ã˿
·ΣҪ½Ƿȥɡ
֮תչĵͼʼ߻·ߡ
մдѽн·߶Ǭ˵һ
Զеľ٣Ͱ趨·ɡǬƺҲһҹû˯˿Ǽйͼ֮һԺ֮ɫ˵
ǺðɣϢһգվͳɡ
ЦһСѾͷǷĵĺܡ
һ֮һҰɫ뿪˺ˮǣʧԶ

֮Ĵ½һƬһĺɫϿգһ׷սݱš
׳˶Ļͷ壬ʹһɫľͷݣ׷ǰһƵɫӰ
Ϊ׵һ׳˶ͨ岼һȦȦɫƣ˫ܲƺ޾һ㡣
ЩԦɫȻ޴󣬵ٶȼ죬΢΢һ֮£ɷɳʮ֮ңǷ۵糸
ǰɫӰٶҲ䱳Ҳֻɫ򣬻Ӷ֮䣬ˮ˷ڶ𣬲ۼ˹ʹӰԽԽģ
ˮۼԽ࣬ɫӰٶҲ֮ԽԽ
ɫݱϵĻͷʿƺż˫һ׷һ֮£ٲһ£תۼɳһƬ«έ״Ͽա
ڴʱɫϵ巢һ¸µĹЦǰ·ĴȻըѿɫֱǰɫӰȥ
֮кȻҲͷ壬ÿһɢ浤ϢɫȻѿɫȻͣɫӰͷļȥ
һʱ䣬ɫӰԲ֮ȫ͵ƿİɫǵضûС
ɫӰһߣϹӿ棬˿Ҳûж˼һͷײİɫ֮С
״ɫһĿɫӰӲӷд͸˹ȥ
ںİУɫӰƺûյֺ˺գۼ˼˵İΧȦԶԶ˦˺档
ӣ£
Ϊ׵׳˶ۼ˾ŭһϺţȻΪһͷʮɴСɫ޻Ӱ
һţһǿҵİɫɫӰ
ɫӰ˿һ֣һʮɢǿҷķΪһ׵磬޴УͰɫײһ
ߺȻײľֹâ֯˸Ҳ˸һɼǿ𵴲˷俪
⼸кɫݱһ裬ɫӰ˼£ʧԶߡ
Ϊ׵׳˶ۿ׷֮ɫӰʧŭ˼ֻεĴʣ༸㬵طȥ


1223 
֮⣬ɫӰۿû׷׷ͣ˶ݹ⡣
ȥӰ
һ֣۳£Զȥ
˿ɫԲ԰ףȡһöɫҩ£ڷƬ̣ɫ𽥱úÿһЩ
ŵһ䣬бŵɫ«ڷɳһ⣬һŮ˳Ǭ
ˣѾǴΧǰһ·Ӧû԰ȫһЩһ˵
Ǭ˵ͷֻһ㵭ĺɢҲס΢΢
Ŀһַ̧һɺڹǬϡ
ǬϵĺѸˣڹ˽ȥƬ֮ɫڻָвһ
«Ȼ棬ϧĹִǳʱĻ»ˡɢȥеĺڹ⣬Щź˵
Բ磬ֻһˣܰЩˡǬһͣǸ˵
˵ʲôɵҵû뵽ͨͨһɳһǿ߿أ֪΢һ·ˡҡͷһЦ˵ִ
۶ٴһɵĻӰǰ۶ȥ

һ
Ĵ½вشһԭΪСͳǳ֮У˿ȴӵĸʿ
λãһΪľ¥顰¥֣˿̵ľ¥¥ʮľӻˡ
˴ľƿͻΪʿҺڵ浤У¥Ｘ˺Ȳʱ򣬶ʱʱķ
¥ĿԶ֮£ܹĿǳⲻﴦһƬޱߵˮ
֪ΪΣˮд˿ľˣ޾ľ˾֮ߣ֮䣬ʱһִޱȵɫХߣӵأ˾ĩһ㡣
ֲˣ쫷֮ǧ׺˰֮ңһƬ¡¡֮ͬʱһǵصϢһһ
Ҳŭλ쫷磬ֻˮ֮ϣʹ֮Сǻƽ
֣ŭӿ֮׳һȻ鴫νǶ֮컯Ŀ־ˡ¥һ䣬ͬ˵һӣͨϣһ
ˣһһŮһһ˫ⳤ׳һСĺɫĿϣһֻĻʨͼһ֪Ƿ
Ůֻǵͷ裬ںͺ췢׳̸ӡ
Ǵǰûмŭ֮ȻϡˣʵҲûʲô֮Դ˴ˮ˱ң֮УΪŭµһʧɵġ췢׳һ۴СľƱҾһ˿Ϊ˵
ԭˣټˡĿһ΢Ц
Ȼ
Ǭһ䣬νǧ࣬Խٲɽſִ˴ȴһ޴ޱȵĴ󽭵סȥ·
ŭڽˮ񱩵󾳵Ĵ˿ǿжɽвҲĿܡ֮⣬ŭϵΣտԶֹЩ췢ƺʲô¶һ˿η˵
üͷһ壬һԵǬҲ̧׿˹ЩԾ
ָ֪ո˵ΣʲôɫЩصʵ
Ǭ˸ո˵أŭûü̫Ϣ
ٺ٣¸ʶˡʵŭ֮УһֽޣֻĴָСʵҲ̫ߣѪޱȣһǳǧ֮ʬ޴棬֮ɫ䡣췢¶ص˵
Ǭԣɫʱַּˡ
Ҳüͷ壬ǽϵĿѾͷ۵ˣڣɽ֮
ҲصģŭĿйɿѭģٹ࣬ϵͻʱۼڳʿͳһɺӣܶһжĻҲûʲôΣˡ췢󺺹һЦ˵
л档һЩɵӣȴţµռһЩ·յص鱨

һա
һƬİ޹ɭ֮УһںƤɵļªۣ˷·һĵ裬һſŴϵ
ɭϿƯһƬƣʱᷭ£˿ϵϸϸĻᷢЩƾȻ޾֪ٵĺɫС漯ɵġ
ǰͬʱ۾ʱգ¶һ˿ɫ
˿ȫƾԼǰ˿Ҷ÷
𣡡
ǰʱǰһһĺӰмȴһʮɳĺɫɫƬһͫĿ׹˸һţҧ
һϹһѾһɫ̽
ӰɿĽɫӰ˸£ɫߵȻϳأƬѪˮһɢɽɢŻѪζ
һתۣûմȾֺѪøٶʧԶ
ڴ˿̣յһζһǣĺɫСߵʬ塣
֮󣬺ɫС·ɻգٴλƬƬƣ۵ϵߣȴѾΪ˼ѩ׵ĺǣеѪⶼѾһա

֮
һ᫵ɽ֮ϣһ˵ĳڻǰš
һյޣͺӴ߰ɳϳ˵ɫϸëĸִִڸߵͲƽɽҲǽɡ
޽ޣҲֻҺڵΪºͣӦֲͬĶӻǳʺ̶˴Ļ
ŵĻûӣײ¼һЩģ۳˴Ƭİɫ߸ߣƾǰС
ĳͻǳ㣬ܵƣԷɽԽ룬ƽء
ӵΧһЩɫĻĿ⾯ɨΧ
ڴʱһߴǰĳľзμ£䵽˶󷽵һɫľ֮Уóš
š֨ѽһ򿪣۵˳
ѣҪĽݣĿߴӻȡһľеݸӡ
ɫֽ˹򿪺иǣһ߰˴糤ĽɫݣҶ룬ɢһŨĹŹζ
ݿİ꣬㹻ˡ¶һ˿ϲɫĵͷ˵
õͺá߼ˣҲǺһЦ˵
һ浤޵ڵԽӦ㹻ˣᰳ¡ȡһɫУݸ˻ߡ
ŵ֣Ҳûпп˿ȻһȭͷСڵɢԷ
ߵͷ󣬶˵ƮȻ뿪ˡ


1224 
ת߽˳һŮпųţɫ԰ף촽࣬Ԫ˵ӡ
Ǭ
硣ŮЩѵſڽлһ
Ϣһ°ɣѾ룬Ϳʼĵе˵
Ů˵ͷ˫ۡ
߾ͣĳ;棬Ǹ
ʮ֮ǰ;ϽČϿʱȴ߽޴ǵص͵ϮǬ˶Էһ߶
߶ʮѲŮֱֻմȾһǰ㣬Ѹ͸Ѫ߶ǿнѹסѶˡ
һһһնɱǧͷͻΧǰͨɽɱԷһ浤ǿߣѵ߶Ľⶾֻ֮ǿϧȱһҪϡ
ʱǰǵ̶ӣ̸֪֮ݡ
̶ͷ죬ҲǸߣۼΪִԼͬУȻܾһ·ռĲϣȡ˴ҩġ
ۼǬ˯£ߵһϥȡ񶦡
裬һ켤ΧſһС󷨡
һ֣ȡĵвϣȻſһɫ𣬰ס񶦣ʼ

һ֮ľ֮УǬһӨӨĵҩڳϻתʱ԰׵Ͻ˼Ѫɫ
ĵȷʵЧһ˿ǬڣоѪ֮еĶѾֻҪϢգָܹˡ
лȡǬЩлһ䡣
˵ʲôɵǸңҲжˡǬԴ
Ůɫ΢죬ͷ
ְο䣬ǬϢߵһ£һȡһͼ
ͼ汻ȦȦ㣬ǳһ·Щѡ
˴Ͽһ·ϾĵطȻգһ·ջҲķᡣ
һ·ϻɱ⣬Ĵ½ĸõϡ֮Ĳϣ;ǳأҲϧʯĴ˲ٺö
Ĳ˵ƵĲϣò⣬ѾռȫˣйòϣҲѾ
ֻҪҵһϣƳơ
һЩͼһЩͼڷĲߣҲΪǬ˲١
˵ЩУǬ֮ʣٲȻѳһ費ǳͼʦҳ֮ܽܶͼڻͨ
⣬ĳ;棬һ·ǷǾҲ˲СĽ
ֻﵽ浤Բ󣬱׼̿ʼƿ֮ǰƣԽҲһ
ţ³һϥ
ǬĶȻˣȻ̶̫ͣһߣھҲдµ·ˡ

һ·µ˽µʱ䡣
һգɫľ֮оһԵǬΪĲ򳵴֮
Щӵĵѻԭûʲôˡ
˿̣ʻһƬ͵ֵĻɫʯɽ֮Уܵɽʱɻ֮ƣʱͬһ㶸ͶϣɵǬ֮
ʱͻ
￪⴦Ⱥɽ֮УǴһĺ̶һΪ˵ƿٵ޴ʯ黯ΪһƬ⣬ͬһ㳯ųӷ
ã
һͳľ֮˲
ţ̼Ӷзɳһѵصûʲô֮ɫɫ˫ᳯſкݺһȣķмһͬǽһӭľʯХȥ
һ˺Ѳܼ
Щʯڷ֮ǰͬһڿѣֽʮС飬һȭͷСʯͷ꣬ڳӶԣûʲô̫вˡ
ڿе̳δɢȥʱİ֮Уĳһɫεʿģǧٹ֣ӦɲٲɣԶԶ˳еĻ
Ϊ֮һ쳣ߴĳªӣŨܵɫëֺһεѹ̼䳯ĳӿ
ȵȣƺǸͽܼ֣浤ڵΪСģ
Ļ֮Уһӳĵ󺺣ªӳֺѿڶ
ٺ٣£ȻϵңԹԽ£
ǸªӹһЦ˫һ֮£ĸһ˲γһΧ֮ƽмΧס͵ķ˸ֶֹΡ
һʱ䣬צâȭӰɫϼ⣬ǵصĳųϮƾ֮
һЩǿһȻֱӻһЩι״ޱ壬βȥ
Ҫţͷӭʧ̴ۿȶ֣Ͻ
δ䣬ܵ廤ҲѰڳս󣬿дв֪ʱһɫսì׷ָܣ˿ûбȶԷ϶١
ʱƿ
Щսìâʢ֮£׷ֶڰлһɫ⣬һɫͣǱ
תۼɫ˿ںϣԲɿռȫγһ޴Ļڡ
˫Ĺ̼ڿײһ
žһը֮һɫӵĻ˳˷ɢóܵĵ涼Ҳ
˵Щڶ࣬ʵȴǲβ룬ѵصϵ̴󺺾Ȼָ֮£һʱ䵹Ҳû䵽·硣
ۿսѽѷ֣ʱƺֲʤģֻһܼ¶һ˿֮ɫһŭȹһ⳯ųм䷽ȥ
գֳܼԶ廤һץ
䡱һ죬һɫĹâƾն֣תۼһ󣬵һ仯󣬾Ȼγһë׵غɫӡ
غɫӡž޴ѹδʮʿʿؿһ𣬻ͬһСɽѹסһ㣬˲ŤһѪɢ
ªһ֣˿û֮⣬Ц֮зΪӰغɫӡһ̼֮ٴα࣬Ȼֱֱĳŵ̴ϯȥ
ǵ̴󺺲ǼٵΪªƷĹĸ˿ɫ֮˫һצӡؿһɫľӯצ֮󣬾Ȼлûһֻͬɫһ⣬źɫӡȥ
ıԴ֮ҵҪжԶܼһЦָһغɫӡ΢΢һ죬ƼΪʮͨĳŷһצ
˲䣬غɫӡ澹Ȼ߳ĺâˢˢ£â໥֮֯󣬱㽫ɫС
ڴʱɫľ֮еȻ۾һдһԽɫɽһ֮֡
һסɫɽһ֮£Ҫ뿪ɫľƿն
ڴʱ벻鷢ˡ


1225 ż˼
ԶһΪĵ֮ϣȻɫԼɼһһŮޡ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬һͣͣ˳ſڡ
ֻԶһɨӦԷ˿ѹӾ峵ص浤ʿ
˽ľ룬֮ǰȴ˿ûвʩչʲôʩĳϢơ
ʿ֮УһŮͷɫʶĿһȴǸˣʮĮ
ֻŮգ˫һ֮󣬰һЩɬѶ̧һɵɫĹţڿлΪɫϸ˿ɿĲƳһͬҶһ״֮󣬿Ʈɫӡֶȥ
߿н˲䣬ԭƺ˵ĺɫӡɫҶ˰УѸ֮ȥϸ֮£ȴɫҶðһϸ緢ɫϸ˿˺ɫӡ
ԶּܼˣɫȻһ䡣
ۡһ죡
ֻ򣬺ɫӡǧٿף̶ɢʱһֻɫ⣬־ĳԶĵ̴󺺷ɶݶȥ
ŮϤ棬ٸܵԷɢŨľ󣬶ʱϳ˶Է
ŮʮǰϽУΪѲսľ˼ˡ
ŮʱǼٵΪȻѾᵤɹˡ
һ˼֮ȴûг֣䲻ۼһɫ̼ûʧˡ
ʱܼɫȻͻȻֵĶ˿׼ûУۼʤ֮£Ȼֽһعһ֮󣬶ʱûһ˶ߵëܣڿһ֮£һɫŵӶݶȥ֮Ҳܲˡ
ߣܣЩ𣿡ŮһЦһ̧еɫҶصһָ
һ
еɫҶȻһģʮֱ۴ϸɫܼݹɼȥ
ܼƺܵ󷽵ɫ֮£ҪȴǲЩɫٶʵ̫죬˲˵漴һƣȻ·߰һ½˸ʵʵ
ַܼһŭڴһžը죬Ҫ
Ȼڴʱǰһ˾֪ʱȻɶݵ˴˴һһֱֻ̼ûɫ֦ʸһ㣬ܼĳܼͷ­ȥ
һġܼ֮ۡԿǲ֦һ˫Ĵ
ۡһһȭͷɫԾԿǣҪɶݶߡ
һһһ̧һָɫһ㣬ָ˲仯һɫ֦˲ӳĴӾһ
ʱһҽзɫǻһ̵ɢʧˡ
һʷʵ̫죬һֵ浤ޣͶ֮䣬նɱͷĿŤת˾ơ
ֱǱʣµſӦս֮ĵĳ˷Ӷȥ
ʱ䣬˵ǿ֮£սһߵƣ嵶ӴһһṤ򣬱㽫ӵ֮
屾ٶȼӵȫ׷ɱ֮£Щں֮ڵȫҲڻ¡
ʱȴǱվվľ֮⣬ûмǰȥϣֻЦĿŮ
˿̣嵶ɫĳ˺Ůɶݶʱǡɴ߲Զӹ
ŮĿһƳ֮£ʱĿ⾪УȻһʱ˵
ԱߵҲĴڣɢĵɫȻľκһɫʱЩ
˭вİ֮ˣѵһ㲻֪ôɫһδȵ̴󺺸ϵߣŭ˵
鳤ϲˣûпĻӦҵľʶԹ˳ʱ䣬˿кԸôŮһ㳯ڷ򻺻˵
˼˵ЦˣżλЩ´࣬ȻͲ׳ˡԵһЦ̽ԴǬ˵ͷ֮󣬱㳯˼λһƮȥ
ѣλǣ˼¶һ˿ɻ֮ɫĿһ֮£㳯Ǭ˹ȥ
Ŷλһ屲ĺˣǬԶƽ˵
ԭѵĺ󱲣ҵڷһû뵽ܹĴ½֮ľ񳵿ռ䲻СһΣ˼¶ϲ֮ɫתߵ˵˼䣬ָԱ߳
俴һ֮󣬵Ҳû˵ʲôҪȥ鿴һ»ŵ̴ųм䷽ȥˡ
ȻҶ·ϾҪˡۼˣҲ˫һǬ̤˳ľ֮С
ľ񳵵ڲռΪһװҲʮֿгһŵ⣬ϻһԲľһֻɢһɵסᣬǴ˳ڵʶ
ѿҲ浤ǿϲɺء͵ദһʱ䣬ҪԼɱˡ˼Ǭ˵һ˱ǵ裬º˵
ЩȷһЩԵ˼ѲҲɹᵤ𡣶ˣЩ˶˱ϹϾ飬ݺܲһɣĿܽɨһȦ˸ʵ
˵⻹ҪѵġϽ֮¶˱ʥľӡӰһȴʧأЩһֱչҲΪ˳ľһڼ˴֮£ŻɹİӰĿƣѪϽ֮ҵϢڣЩʵǿһЩ˳ͶľһĸСȺ˴νױȽҪгǲŻҺǰ͵ġ˼ĿĻ˵
֮£ֻ˳ƶΪܹǿ֮ĳ̿ҾӹġÿɷһЦ
ǬɵһԣԹԵĺȲ裬ЩƶǶ˵ĶԻҲûвʲô
̫ǫˡˣ˵Ѳ½ΪλĴ½ģ˼ԣȿһЦЩɻʵ
⵹˵ˡһ󣬵Ҳûƴ½żȻ͵Ĵ½Ե˵˳˳㻹˴ǻ½ķ
Щ֮˼ҲɵҪص½ʱȴ¶һ˿Ϊ֮ɫ˵˵ǿ纣һ£ȷʵжţûǴĻһο纣ۣڼ֮ǰŸո𺽡˾ʵһɶõĶ鱦ѪҲֻһѡһεĿ½֮УҪȰ֮ˡ


1226 
ʲôϢɿ𣿡ԴһЩеʵ
ЩľһѪʱнǰĿ˿纣۵𺽡˼ʮֿ϶˵
ĻЩϧˡŴ˻¶˼ʧ֮ɫ
Ȼ˵һ·ϣҲǹ纣۳ʱ⣬û뵽ôãոպôˡ
Ҳؾɥʱ浤ʿԲת˲֮£ȻĴ½ǵȴʱɣ֮ʿ٣Ҿ֪Ĵ½Դ½ġ˼ȻһЦİο
ˣҲֻˡϵʧ䣬ͷ
Ǭ纣ۻҪϰʱ䣬ҲǴΪʧϾе½ˡ
ˣǵĵͼѵ֮󣬿ҸطšûǴĻеʿһС԰ĵطǿȥ￴˼󣬵һתȡһɫݸ
˻лˡӹлһ䣬ʶ֮̽С
еһǳصͼ˵һ·ϾκһǳضҪ࣬ҴӵͼܹĿǳصĸֱֳ˺ü׵ҵ˼еС԰ڣȴλڳǳصĶǡ
ѪƵģѪİΪǿĲ壬ǶԴҲΪº͵ģǰ㣬ÿԸӹҪĹʹΪƶҲľһ֮ԸԸΪ丽ӹԭ֮һ
Ѫ֮зָ˺ü򣬹壬Ⱥʿѵǣصİȫ⡣
˼ϸĽ͵
Ѫ塭ӣй纣ۣ֪㻹֪ϢһֺȻʵ
ʵ纣ۣ֪Ҳֻ֪࣬Ѵڲ֪ˣĴ½½Ψһƾ̡˼˼һ£˵
½ѵ½纣ۻǰ½һ
½纣ۻܹǰħڵħ½ֻڸ½֮ʵ̫ңԶҾ˵;вͨʿȴյأʶʱҪ֮ãҷòơ˼ͷ˵
һһ̣Ŀĵػ᲻᲻½ħ½ԣЩĵʵ
ӦòᣬѪħ½ħƺĳ¶ùϵӣǧǰѶ˻ˡ˼ڿһЦ˵һ
ԭˡһѪ廹п纣۲һݺ档
ʱ䣬˼һЩйĴ½ǣԼİ⡣
˼Ҳûʲôһһ˽һʱ̸
һԵǬ˼һۣ˼΢ͣƬ̣һֵͷ
ûע⵽Ǭ˼֪˱鼮ϸΪϸ鱨رİһЩΪ֪Ϣ
һ·ܵ˴Ĵ½пֲ
˵˴ưʮ֮ãʷԨԴ˵׷̫ʱڵޣÿһĵϵڶЩ޵ѪʶϹʱھʹڵĴ̫ڻҪƾõö࣬Ҵ˼õϢκһʵ۵Ļ̫Ŷٵġ
Ĵ½½Щͬǣ䲿峤Ϊ֮½㣬ŻΪ̫߱ϳϣչز
İ峤ųưʥÿһϵľ뢴ͨ׵Ĵڡ
֮аʵѪǵ֮ĵһ壬Ѫ峤ѪͿʥԶĴ½˲֪˼̸ѪͿʥʱ¶㽵ɫ
˼ɫҲ¶һ˿ЦݣѪͿʥ֣⼸ȻҲġ
λͨȻųʥʵһŮޣȻܵͬΪŮӵ˼׷
ţѪͿʥҲ֪һ֪Ƿ˵һľβŮӣĿһĿʵ
Ī˵ǣһɡ˼һ漴Щȵ˵
һԵǬԣȻ̧ͷĿƵĿ
Ҳ֪ݡüͷһ塣
Ȼµһ壬ݲһ㣬û뵽侹һĹ
˵Ǿβ϶һˣ֪֪ģ֪δ뿪򲨹˼Щ
ҲǵϽʹŮСйһ֮Եһ䣬벻ȻһĹָƽ˵
ԭˣòˣųĴ½һˣѪΪ봫˵еľһ޶Ҫ֪ѪǼΪصģ˵ʮУܴﵽβ֮ʵľûгָ֮ɴ˿ɼеĵλˡ֮⣬ΪҲΪˣʮǰϽ֮к겻󾳣䶯Ĵ½һʥֱӽ䶨Ϊ˼ЦЦĿһۣ˵
ѾˣһɫЩԾ
İЩףΪ˴ֵľʮΣĴ½ꡣ֪ΪΣȴûдӦκ˵ףʱһҲͽǵߡĪҲ䶯˼˼һۣ뿪Ц˵
ǬԣͬĿ⿴мֽ
˵Цˣһ⻰һͻ˿ɫû¶
ʱ䣬ûѯй飬ǻһתĺ˼顣
ͨ塢Ĺ幦Ҳ֪٣һ˴˶ôջ
˼ͼ֮ҲΪͨȻһǬȤϲ̽һͼ֮
ʱ÷ɿ죬תۼ죬ڸϵ֮¡
ǣһվ˳µһڣǬμǣж¶֮ɫ
ǰǳظƣǳǽ±֮ߣȥ߼ʣվڳ£һ㣬һɰ
½Ҳ߱ϱ˿аȽ֮£Ҳǰ˴Ĵָ
һ·ϣѴ˼е֪ռ֮㣬ĵһɽɽ޾ߺͶ߳ǽţһ˴˿վĳǰ
ոʶ΢̽һ£֮Ҳǽڴ·ָ˶ϱÿ޴Ľ۴αȣЩңʵԳ·
֮⣬Ͽջһ޴ޱȵͼڽƣӦǽʿӸ߿շеġ
Ҫǣͨϵ޴ĳš
˿һǰĳţʮѪɫ׵ʿأǼͷһѪɫֲͼڣÿһǵʿҪ̲飬Ͻһʯ󷽿׼롣


1227 С԰
ѣ˴˴Ƕλɲˡ̧֮ʱȴ˼
ѵǡ΢΢һ漴ȻһЦ
ղѿǵȺ֮УвʿӰˡ
һ£ɢĵɫʱʧ٣һȭͷСĵɫԲӣĿ顣
ǬҲͬȡĿ飬һʩȥԭαװָ̻ʿϢ
ˣɫˣҲЩǰɡ˼Ŀһɨٴοǰſڴ
λջߣ뿴ƶӳģѪ̸ʲôƺΪӣƬ̺ӻͳһʯ˹ȥ
Ǹӳӹʯʶ΢΢һɨ˵ͷһ֣ʾ֮˷С
һ£ԭͣڳſڵ峵ˣƺƵĿʼʻţ̲ƺȥˡ
˿ٽʱ֣ɫյӳڳǽϣһ㵭Ѫɫľ޳Ǹ˼顣
ʱǵĸʿȻﲻҲһЩ̶ӵ飬ֻȻû峵࣬಻ʮ˰ˡ
˴ģĶ飬Ȼע⡣
ѣ䳤һ£ؿһϾ纣нʱġ˷һ̤棬˼Ȼڵ
ľĴ½һָѪһӻӦ뵣ЩӰıǡ˵ĳһ浤ܰʲôæ΢΢һЦĻص
ѪڣЩӰȻΣ漰Ľףû浤ʿУǿɾ˵ˡϾӰ֮һֱڻưոݵġڱ֮£СҲʧġ˼˵˴̾һ
л⣬ĳٿһɡÿɷ˵
ˣСñ㹧ˡˣǽȥҪͻ±߿²ܺ͵ͬˡǵľеĹƣպµȥҡΣֶľһдġ˼ˣҲûǿֵ̧ݸһǳɫƣ˸֮ԡ
ҲãҶ˾ͺڴ˷ְɡӹǳɫƣ΢ЦĻص
ǸƼƵвʱססͶС԰ӦҲв٣ֻǷòơ⣬мĪڳѪһȻԸʿΪƣڵΥ¹ߣǾġˣλء˼һЩע֮º󣬱ûǰĻ֮У泵Զȥˡ
ĿԶȥĿһգϸΧ
ǰһаɿĽֵֵ࣬˿ĵ·ϣȻκӵ֮ˡ
Եĵ̽飬죬߰һеװ㾫£еȴΪ
˼ǣЩһ·ϾЩĳǳУ󶼼ʶһЩ
Ҳѹ֣ǱĵһǣѪԺɰٴԾӣڸʿ߲ܣʹô˳ǳΪʵĴǣڱҵĴ½ǲġ
ĳЩ棬ЩԾɱŸԵĴͳ޷׸ĵġ
߰ɣȥС԰ҸŵأٺúùĵһǡعЩܾסǬ˵
ãǬĵͷ
˵ŵͼָųжȥ
ҹĻ۽֮ʱ˳еĶ
ӳģһƬķĸ¥ԼʯݽΪģʱɼһЩų۶ʿ󣬿䲻壬Ҳǰ֡
ˣЩȻʧЦ
ǰûԼпʿ˷ܵĸо
ʱ֪ģҪΪԼص½ĳСˡ
ǵۼ֮أС԰ˡ
ǵıпɽʶС԰ɽϣԼɼһƬɽɽ˿һСһĻɫʹʶ޷ֺ̽Ӧ˼УЩסĶ
Ǭǰ壬ƺҲ˳ʱǼ־̶
ǬֱЩɽ£һΪªĻɫʯ֮С
лİڷһЩ͹ӵľܵϰڷһŵĵ伮Щɫ֮С
봦ľϣһŴֲſϺ˯ߵǰû˿
ҪһŨЩĶˣЩЦһӡ
ԭϡͣŶǣǹݰ٣ϵȶв٣⡣һ¾ѹЩ˯˵

һ㹤
˿Ǭվһ䶴֮С
⴦ȻС԰ֻеȹ񣬵豸ʮȫ䱸רŵĵػң֮ãһרŵСҩ԰
еҲŨ˺ܶ࣬Ȼ˴ҲǷͬСɵġ
Ҳǳ˿ڸشӶȻסʱ仨ʯҲֵ
Ǭδݳ޵Ķ˷ܵڶ߿ڲúͳֻ̣費һâû˶
ת֮䣬һֵĵɫĻ棬Ҳ˵Ļƹ⡣
ĴæǬ¶һ˿Цݣ֮£üͷһ塣
ʵ˵Ů޶ٸ飬˱ϾйһϦ֮ûĴ½ҲˣȻˣ»ҪŮһġ
ʱ򣬶ſںĴһ֮С԰õһСƣʱԴ֪ͨеˡ
ɫһ˳ȥִһŻ򿪡
ɫһ
ֻⲢվЦݵʿһԼĪʮӣһɫۣϸüϸۣΪš
ˣһʮٸһòЩɫϵһ̺ƻ˴ա
һȴһ׳ӣϱһ޴Ż󵶣䡣
˶ʿΪҲͣһ浤ڣҲ浤ڵľ硣
¾ǽѰɡǺһסС԰ʿ˵ѵݷá۵ʿɫƵһ˵
Ҳ¶Ц⣬ȭһ
ԭλͬѣĿһҲֻһ񣬽˶
ۼ˿ˣǬͣϵĶıԴ裬Ȼɵȥ
ĳոհᵽªЩλѻ벻Ҫ֡΢΢һЦ˵
˵ﻰ߶˲ǡʿǫѷ˵
УʿǸͷ֮ˣһֱ˵
˵ҲûǬΪֻŮ
ˣǻûҽܣգһ֣λǾӺ͸ѡʿԵĽһ˵
ͷ⣬Ǵк
˴֮ͨĴ½ͬΪʿһЩиУ̸ս


1228 
һ֪˶ԼһΪһЩΪ֪Եʣ䵽ڵĴ½һշת֮£ǲס
յʿ;ٸҲ½ڡ
Ǹ׳˵һΪĵطȻûľӦҲһƲ׺֮ĵط
ԼҲûʲôյʿ;ٸ̫ʿ¶Ȼ֮ɫ׳Ҳ½Ĵ̫ʮӣ˵Ľܡ
鿴Уһ裬΢Ц˵λһݷ£Ӧòĵİɣ֪Ϊ£ϴ
ԣһۣ֮һЦǿ˿ĳҲͲĨˡûв´ĻĿӦúҵһģǾҪѪĿ纣ۣǰ½ɣ
ԲΪ¶ɡϧһ˵ǰ纣۸ո𺽡λĪҲǡɴ𣿡˵ͷ漴Щ˵
Ŵ˻϶¶˿Цɫ
ѣĳʮˣӺ͸ѱĸ磬ڰ˰ɡ࿴˾ٸ͸׳һۣ˵
ԣεĵ˵ͷ
λΪλڴ˴Īǡ˿纣ۣҪһЩɣЩֵ˵
ЩҲռһЩйؿ纣۵鱨ھ̫ԶһЩĴš
ЩϢᵽ纣Ҫһʯ⣬ƺû˵ʲô̵
Ǻǣ˿纣۳Ҫʯ⣬ҲȷʵûҪˡٸ¶ɫҡͷ˵
Զʱ˿ͬʱ¶һ˿⡣
ӦûûȥҪ廨Ѷʯɣ飬ƺʲô˵
ǽոոյִǣûüȥյѵ˼ĪǳҪʯƣ˲豭üͷ˵
ֹǲƣҪʯĿҵͨ浤ʿóġһֱ˵ĸ׳޷޲ƽİ˵
Ŷȴ֪Ҫʯʵ
̾˿һǬĿ֣ʯһˡ
ɫһϣʯǶ̫ŶԣǸСĿˣƴ½дСżһҲδشյó
ԴӾڤ֮кֳɵʯ̫ģڲ׺һЩĴ½;ûʲô˼ɵĻ˲٣ҲǧңǰеݱҲδعһģοǬҲܷβܡ
ѵ飬ӦҲòôʯɣҵȼҲһҵΪ㲻Ĵ½ֻҪȥЩԱݵġжĻֻܽһЩСЩһֱһжȡһЩʯͽ϶ͬʱҲڴ½ɱޣɼģųʯ࿴һۣĽ͵
ʯĻȷʵЩǿˡԷ˵ϣȻҲ²µε⡣
֪ѿȤǣţҵֵĻ󲿷ܽ£ҲȥһЩΪΣյĵطʯٶҲӲٵġЩڴĿʵ
ԣ¶˳ɫ
˼ˣֽһɫ
ĳѶԴûȤƾĴ½ôľ飬ĳţûб׬ȡʯķˡЩе˵
ĳո֮Уһж̫˽⣬ԴϢһʱ䣬ú缸λѰɡĳĿ΢˻ص
Ŵ˻ʱЩȻˣ漴¶˿Цɫ
Ȼ˵Ѿѵ˼
Ѿ׬ʯķӣȻˣĳҲǿġϾҶʿ磬ԵӦһϾʿȻ̸ϵ⣬ҲôƵġպʲôҪæҵȱɣȾȸˡվԴϧ˵
ٸ͸׳Ҳ֮վ̬Ҳ䵭һЩк㳯ȥ
ʾҲ뿪ˡ
ͳִһŻϡ
ԭվ˼
纣۾ȻҪ˶Ļѣȴʼδġ
ҲĴ½½Ѱֶο϶޷ȥģͨǼ鱦纣ҲҪʮʱɵ֪֮ңԶ·;֮ˡ
ţ˼鱦ҪĵԴҲǸ֡
˵ڣҪʮڡ
ԭ˼Ƭ̺Ѿһĸ飬̶ת߻˿
֮УǬѾ˳ɫЩȻĿ
ոǵ̸㶼ˣǬһۣ˵
Ǭ˵ͷɫЩ΢΢ס
ڲ׺֮Ȼڵĸ߽ʿŴԴãÿҲвٵĹʵʯĿҲѣͿ纣Ҫʯȣͷ
ģھ纣۳н꣬ʱ磬Ѿ׬ȡʯ뷨Ҷ˳˾ȥ½ӦòġȻһЦ˵
𣿡Ǭԣʱһ
ȻһҪȷһЩ顣ȥϢһ£ȥ֮йһȦ˵ôһ䣬ҡ
ڶһ磬֮߳ʱȴǬĴ룬ڿ֮һε˷ģ
ˣݸһЦ
СѾͷȻѽʯ۴Ʊһ׵˾⣬һֻ߶ŽյĹ֮ˡ
ȼ˰ɣ߰ɡ˵ţͷ˳ȥ
Ǭǡһ첽ȥ
峿ǣ͸ϢĽֵϣѴ֯ĵȻҲĿţʼӭĺĸ͡
˵Ĵ½ޱߣиزֻԭսҵľƣ״󶼾ٽ֮䣬֮ǰ;ЩͳǳأҲֻоӪѡ
֮Уȴʵ˰ľ棬øԷĵоӪͽףΪѪ壬ֻȡһЩöѡ
ľӪ˺ƴĹģӰǡδڴ˿⣬ĸҲפ˳ǡ
ȻѪǿĴ½þӵһλã峤Ƶʵ⣬Ҳ䴦ֲġ
ǬרһЩ۵伮ĵ̣ڹĹУЩϢвɵĶѪĴִģʽ̾ѡ
չ˲йĴ½ĸֵ伮ЩݵģͼԼİһЩϡ
ֱϦ֮ʱ˲ŴЩ伮صסĶ֮С


1229 
һ죬Ǭȴһδģص󣬵±һйͼڷԼĵĵ伮˸кϲ̵ĻԼȥˡ
ͬصԼ֮Уһأõĵ伮˷࣬Ȼϥ
Ҳ֪ΪΣĿ׵һ¼ϵĵ伮֮ϣʹĽ֮ϸϸ
Ȿ伮ϸйԴԼĿǰĴ½Χ
˵Դ̫ʱһֽоβޣӦľβҲȻΪͼڣԻȻ֮
Ůˣӵ毺õݣвòɰŮӣȻҲΪʿ˫޶󣬲Ĵ½ѪĳȻλʿҲֻˡ
Գ󣬱еļϴԾڵѪܾѵĺβȷڵѪ̶ȣҲֱӹϵδеĵλͳɾ͡
Ĵ½ʵΪҲ⡣
һԣѵĺβߣֻܱΪΧˣæһЩ£ֻдﵽߣɱΪˣܲƵĹԴﵽߣһδΪɾͶɴﵽ浤ϣΪĴڡ
峤һǰβϣΪﵽͨ󣬲ʸΣֻˣ궼δܳһ˵ġ
˴ֳһ˿֮ɫ
Ȼ֮ǰʹ˼֪йľʣϸ˽󣬲֪ŮķǷ
˵ԻԵɺ֮Ĵ½󣬱㲻ֹһζҪȥһ˼
Ҳѹ֣Ͼ֮˼֮ףŮǵľɫգĵ޷ĥӡ
Ҫ˵һ㲻ģȻǼٵġ
˼֮£ȴһֱûü˶ԷԼ˵ЩʲôãìܵľȻԸóȻȥˡ
˿̿йһϺȴ˼˼ΪΧλĴ½ϷѪһ̫֮Զϳ򲨹ǣԴ·۵Ķ٣ֻҪ߰˸±ܸϵˡ
Ů뿪ʱ˵ĻֿЦһͷٴΰ
һ˼վУ跨ԼΪʵһ£ٿ֮¡
֮⣬ʱڣ۵ľ۷ãҲؽĵ֮
мƶ󣬽¼ϵĵ伮£ʼ伮
зһȡһƴСɫ˲˼ҵģǸڵϸͼ
¶صɫ˶ڶͷʶ̽Уһ޴ĵͼ棬֮С
ɿڵͼϵһɨһӺɫһϲ
ҵˣȻǸûƭҡЩ˷ܵ˵ͼһʮΪСϡ
ҵ˵طͺðˣûʱȥһȥɣϣġȡ˵

һڣƵĿʼг۵伮ĵ֮ѡһЩйĴ½ƵҩԼֲϵķֲ
ضһֺŵٶȣɿɨЩ伮ϼصݣƺѰʲôƵġ
һ˼ǣȷ˽ȥļƻ
ҲһʦҪزĴ½׬ǮΨһ;ˡ
ƴ½½ʦһϡȱְҵЩķ֮ȫԼӵʵ
Ĵ½ʦϡȱһַ˼ĵزͨĻָ൤ҩ۸½ʮϣмС
ǿʣͻƿĵҩǸѵһˡ
ЩҩǴİһһЩͲ棬ȴƵļΪϿ
෴ǣЩҩĲҩȴֶˡ
ڴ󲿷ʿֻѡֱӷòҩ⣬ҩԵҲǿϲ١
һԼóԪ鵤մǵֵҩӦӭϲ󣬱ϾȥʺĵҩЧԶԶֱӷʳĵġ
仨ѲʯѼϢ鵤䣬Ĵ½ϵĺһʢһΪ䳲ɽĵط˴ޣʱҲвٸ۳
ڴֵҩϣռҲ̫ѡ
йâܿ

ǶΪһ
ٺǶһֵ·ط˽ӽһֵȫǿɺܴĴ̡
ʿڸнһַǷӡ
֮Уһ۵ŲһʮɵĴǰԶԶȥͬһɫĲ֦ҶïĴһҶԽдˡľСĸ֡
ܹٺ̣ȻвС֧֣ľȻҲ⡣
֮УֻҪмʶ˶֪ľľһĵ̡
ľһʮչΪѸ٣лѪЩϵʶ֮У˵СľС
̧ͷһľеҶ˽ȥ
ľ֮װξϸŴһֺܴĸо̼󣬹̨ڶ࣬ڷŵĶҲвͬҩӦоС
ܵ˵ľڣԸΪʿ߶
һ߽Уһɫµ̴ӭ
λǰҪʲô꾭ӪĴ½ϱĸ鱦вٶֻһҶеģ֤顣̴ӿҲЩΪ͵ӣ˵
һ֣ȡһɫƣһľ֡
ˡС׾ԭǰǱеĹ̴ӿɫƣЩԾһۣһ¥ݣж¥ȥһż֮С
ǰԵȣСȥ¹̴Ӷһȥ
еƣһӡ
ʱһŮľ˶һӨӨ裬ƮɫĻ꣬һµƮɢ
ӣһڲˮһƢڿڳݼɢȻ뵱ʱ˼Щ࣬ӦҲѵõļƷ
֪λǰմãǴ˵صĶƹδԶӭǰ֡һӴ˽ǺһЦ˵
ѿˣĿһۣԷֻһڵʿ΢΢˵ͷ


1230 
ԭǰǰֱֳеĹƣ֪˴ǰкηԸҪʲôӿһڰɫƣ˵
ĳ˷ҪʲôҪ͹һף֪е˼ѿڣĳԺ̸ĺáеĲ豭ƽ˵
ԭǰ˼ϵѣУȥⷬЩĻӷǵûĿһ֮ת߳žӡ
Ƭ֮ž֮һ𣬻߽һȵŮ˼Ů
һ£Ѿ͵ŰݷãĪǵѾת⣬Ըⵣα䳤𣿡˼£Цӯ˵
˵Цˣһɹˣûмһ˼Ҵ˴Ҫ̸һһЦؾ˵
ǺǣֺαļлԺ˵Ҳ١СŮոոյõ˼Ʒġ۽衯Ʒ½ʶ㣬ضҲоǲƷ̸ɡ˼ȻһЦֱһһոµĲɢϣַȡһСнɫĲҶݳɫ衣
һɢԵĿڱ֮Уɵöһ
Ŀһ¶һ˿ɫ
˼һƵǰԼҲ˱ӡ
ѲؿƷһ°ɣ۽Ĵ½ҲǼΪѵõġ˼Ц˵촽΢ǳһڣ󽫱еҺһ¶˳ɫ
΢΢ҡͷһ裬һ΢ĸоӺֱ£Ск͵ػΪһŨ㣬֫ٺ
ȻǼƷò衣˵ͷ̾һ
ѿҲǸ֮ˡˣո˵֪Ǻ£˼˲豭Ŀһʵ
΢΢һЦһ֣жһһƿݸ˼ѿöҩΣ
˼һӹƿȰɫƿƿ浹һöĴָСɫҩ
ɢԴҩ㣬޲ʾһöֵĴģΪĵҩ
ܲĵҩԻµʿ˵һֲɶõļƷҩ˼еĵҩƬ̧̣ͷ˵
һЦ漴һָһɫƿʾ˼򿪿
˼εƿһöӨɫҩ鵤
һʮӰɫҩɢҩȻֳۿɼİɫ
˼еĵҩסˣ鵤ɢҩԺڵķҲЩ
ѣɫҩʲô֣֪δܹ򵽡˿ЩеĿʵ
˼Ϊ浤ʿһ۱㿴ɫҩ˵ҲǼֵ֮
ɫĽ鵤ɫĽֶ½ĵҩ˵
ѵ˼ǡ˼Ŵ˻϶ʱ¶˼ɫ
ĳˣΪֵҩʵ½һʦöҩƵġһЦȻ˵
˼һȻվܿϸֳ˾ϲɫ
˵Ӧûв鵤ɣСԸ߼۹򡣡˼æ˵
Ȼû⣬԰꣬°ѻ˵ꡣҡͷһЦ˵
ǸЩʧ̬ˣ˵˼ɫ΢΢һ죬æ飬
΢΢һЦȡһö򣬵ݸ˼
˼˹ʶ̽Ув嵥
ЩĪǡ˼̷Ӧ˹ЩȷĿʵ
ѲµĲ嵥鵤ĲϡȻ˵
˼˿侲˵ϣȻѾ˰˾Ųʮˡ
ĳ˴ľкṩϣֵҩ֮ǳۣõҾ֣֪ѿȤһ裬ƽʵ
˼Ŀһ
ֵҩϣȻһЩΪľһӰҪŪʲô¡
ȻмֲΪ󣬵Ǻ鵤ļֵǱɽһǰˡ
Ĵ½ĴΪĵҩһΪϡȱ鵤·⣬˼ֵܹҩһȥεȵӰ졣
˵鵤ļֵǸҲܹľд޴棬õõĻʹľһʵ
⣬鵤Ҳмֵܹд˵ҩãͻĿǰΪƿϣˡ
뵽˴˼вЩҲԽԽ졣
˼仯Уиֳһ˿Ц⣬˫Ӯĺ£ûκ˻ܾ
˼˿ǿƽ飬ЩԤȻãҲһЩҪ
ѼȻֵܹҩСŮȻԵѵ鼫Ȥֻǣֵ֪ҩַΣɹж٣˼Ŵʾʵ
ֵҩҺóģɹʶڰ˳ϡĻص
˼һ˻¶˲ŵɫ´һۣɫһ࣬һ񣺡벻ѾȻһλʦСŮʧˡ
ľһЩչΪѸ٣Ҳ˲ʦ˼һҲ֪ܹһֵҩϴﵽɵĳɵʣȫԳƵһʦˡ
ʦľһʵҲֻһλóĵҩҲǽΪƫŵĵҩ۹ЧĻȷʵԶԶܺȵġ
ѹˣȻˣҵЭʹ˴ˡֱ壬ɫ֣ص˵
ȻҼ̽Ϣ˿ʼռЩϣŲһ£һԭˡ˼һ¶ߵ㷢ҲȻ˵
ˣݵ飬ѴΪܣĳϣҶǳ˵ͷ漴ֲ
Ȼ֪ѵɷġ˼ͷӦ
ȻԸôһ֪ǿǻС鷳ģ֮пвٰĶĿڡ
Ů¶ģݣ֮⣬ֻľ峤һ֪ɡ
ǰйֵҩĳۼ۸Ҳһݶʯ鵤ʮʯ
ƷҩǮҪˡ
һ£ǲϳ㣬ˮƽŲʮܹ꣬׬ȡ㹻ʯˡ
ַ֮ȡһöݸ˼
ϣҲ鷳˼ѴΪѰһ£ܷ롣
ǽԪͽմǵĲϣ֮ǰԼҵʱûܹ룬ľһңȻһ˿Ķˡ
˼ɫһϲ˼ҩӣ֮õġ
ӹʶ̽УܿɫȻ˫ۡ


1231 浤Բ
ѣҶԵҩҲ֪һĲ½޵ĹףĪƵǽմǵ˼Щŵʵ
û뵽Ĵ½ҲнմǵȷʵǴǵĲϡĿһͷϵ
ȻǴ˵ҩ֪ѶԽմǵַʲô̶ȣ˼Щ˷ܵվЩŵ˵
մǵĲ쳣ѰҲûƹٴΣɵֻɣԶԶȲֵҩġ˼飬ɫ˵
ֿ֪ƳƷĽմǵ˼ʵڴ
һ˼󣬾͵˵ͷ
̫ˣѣҸһСûᾡΪѰҽմǵĲϣܷæһЩմǵܹƳƷĴǵáȻһ֧ıꡣ˼¶֮ɫ˵
ԣɵЩ档
մǵʿмֵ˼ôҲһʿ
ûжʲôԥػصû⣬Ƿݲ嵥һָֻĵҩҲѰæѰһ¡
õģȥ顣ľһȻȲİ壬۴̽ϢռԴʲЩٵģźܿнˡ˼ǻָĵҩ̵ͷ
Ĵ½ƵָĵҩͬΣ֮ǹӦľ棬ܹƳһ·
ľһ廹ó̽ϢȻˣһæһ¡Ŵ˻ֵѲÿʲôҪҰæĻ˵ǡ˼˼˵
֪Ƿ˵һ壿ֱʵ
û뵽Ҳ֪һ壬ٹأһ˵֪ġǺͱйףһ֪һ˼¶˾ȵɫ
ܺã֪Ӷ֪٣ͽ̡¶һ˿ϲɫ˵
ѿˣҶҲ֪֪࣬ȻȺ󣬵Ϊϣһڿس棬Ҳ档˼һ룬˵
Ще˵ͷ
ѹһ·ǣ;һԦʿ˫һʼΪһЩһɵ֮£ܿͣ֡
֮󾭹յദ˻࿴ԷȽ˳ۣϧ
˵һĴڣǸ޾еϣһӵһֱѰҵòϡ
˼õ֤ʵͷˣžȥݷһ塣
Īһ幺Щ棿˼һۣʵ
ǵġûͷ˵
ֿҪʧˣһأҾĴǨ㣬ܶʱ򣬱˶Ҳǵġ˼ҡҡͷ˵
ǰҿɴ˿е֪һ޾һΪĵطüͷһ
ǵģסӦʮǰ˰ɡľһ鱨뿪֪ǵټһ㲻Ǩ̫ԶĵطӦûĴ½Ķһ˼˻ص
ԣɫ粻
ѵӣӦñȽϼҿ԰еˣѴ̽һǷһټ˼ɫ˵
˻棿ǾͰˡһϲֵ
Ѳؿ㱾Ǳˣ˹ͬ棬ЩС²Ǿ֮͡˼ȻһЦ
ľһҪ£ˣͨһ͸ˡ
ʱ䣬ֽһ󣬻˵ַʹѶֶΣ뿪ľУصС԰
ڶһ磬ģǳȥһˡ
һһػȥʱ䣬˸飬һֻ㬶ء
ٹһºľ˵һ鵤Ĳϡ
ԭһ˼ͼ֮Ǭֱ˿̲֪׬ȡʯļƻ
û뵽ʵǿᣬһʦȵͬʱһͷȴԽᶨˡ
鵤ƹ̣ޱȣΪ֮£ǵӦ֣ܿƳ˵һҩ
鵤ľһƳһȳԸ⹺ԽԽࡣ
յʱ䣬ֵҩһա
ľмˣȻӽռֵҩĲϵḶ̌ܿ˵ڶ
ιľһҵΪȶĲϹӦԴϸԴԴϵı
һƷʲ͵ĵҩʼƵľг֣Ĺ˿ͣвİӰͬʱȻע⵽ֵҩͬʱҲɳֿʼ̽ľеʦ
ľжݵıĺܺãǬǾž޵ͨĳֿռͼƳһ׶̾Ʒͷ󣬷ֱĶľ֮С
һṩϣ͵ҩͨ˴ͷС
Ȼ飬û˿Ľʱһã̽ҲԽԽˡ
ӿʼæµÿǬҲõ˱ãΪչĿ졣
ʱһȥʮʱһζ
һգС԰֮УǬԼ֮У۾ĲеһƵĵ伮һֻƾձȻʲô
ڴʱĿһƺӦʲôüһ˿֮ɫɿ˶һ⡣
Դʮǰľһ֮󣬳˱ҪһЩ֮⣬ʱ伸һǵػжȹ
ǾڴǰͻȻǬһЩע֮󣬱Ǳ֮Уκˣδ̤һ
Ǭڶʮǰṩĵҩ֮£û˿谭ͻƵҺڣǴﵽҺڴԲ֮뻯Ҳֻһ֮ңˡ
˵͵ǰǹùƷԼճάеĽ֮⣬ʣµʱȫо֮ǰõͼڵ伮ˡ
ʱ֮Уʯϣֻ첲¶ڹ塣
ڹ֮УԼɼһɹīȴʵޱȵҺתͣ
ͻȻһŭ
һ̣еĺɫҺ壬ͻȻһɫСһ㣬֮С
ڴ˹У¶һ˿ʹı飬·ҺСÿעһ֣ʹһ㡣
ɫСڵٶΪˣƬ̹֮ԭĺɫʱϤûڣʧӰˡ
һΪ泩ĳХֻû·ΪͻͽȻﵽ浤Բľ硣
˫һ֮£Ŵʱɢѹʱ¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫֻǿһᣬȻЩ
Ȼطֻ࣬һ֮ңǸѼмѸһ˿ģиûжͻƿĸֶΡ
һ˼֮˫Ŀһգʮָ˷·˯һ㡣
޲Tǰ󣬻һؿռ֮У˫ֱȭĳǰմһ񣬿˵
нԶֱɢռȴûзһ˿Ӧ
ˣһЦ
ԴӽĴ½Ҫ޲TȴûκλӦԼȻͻǰһ̣޲Tȴû˿˼


1232 Ԩ
վԭش˼ؿռ֮гĴɼɻڷ⣬ûκλӦֻεҡҡͷ
Ƭ̺֮Ŵڱƿһδһ
ǬغڲԶͻȻڽߴЦЦԼ΢΢һ̶ϲ˵磬ɹͻƿˣ
ģǬȻµ߰˷֡
ʱˡˣΪҲѴﵽҺڴԲԳԻˡҪȳȥһˣȻϸİɡȴƺͻȻ뵽ʲôüһ˵
ǬԣһĲ˵ʲô
Ǭɵģ΢΢һЦ󣬱㳯Ŷ֮ƿնȥ
ԼĪһٷĹ󣬶ٺ
ǰʿЩˮйͨɫĿһ̧롣
Դľпʼ鵤һֱ쳣ǰ·Σʶǰ龰Ҳֲˡ
ڳʾľ֮·¥ż֮С
λľжƹ˵˼ӦҲ쵽ˣֱа˽ǰ£Ŀ
ûãһľ֨ѽ˼ЦĲ˷֮С
ѣյĴѶұ̸Ϲˡ˼ǰȻһЦ
ˣʵһѯ˫ۣ˵
к²˵޷ֻҪС֪飬Ȼʵġ˼¶һ˿ɻ֮ɫ֮󣬿ʵ
ȻˣҲֱ˵ˡ֪ӿ֪Ĵ½֮УЩڽ󾳽ĸֶΣĿоһʵ
ĪôѾ浤Բ˼ԣɫ֮£Щŵ˵
°ͣɫĵ˵ͷ
˼ɫ仯һ󣬲ſЦػصֻ֣浤Ϊ¶ڻԪΪ֮£֪ĲġǰܻһЩĵãҪѯһ⣬ҲԸȥֲĸصľУǷ֮
Ǿӷˡ˵󾳱ҪСĻԵͻ֮ǿģЩڼˡˣ¶֮ɫ˵
ɣְ֮˴ʱܷõصϢҶһ𸴵ġ⣬СûһҪ֪㣬϶ʮָȤġ˼˼Ƭ֮󣬾һڴӦȴһת˵
ŶǺ£Щ
˵Ҳɣе̽ӻر˵Ѿҵһټһǰ֪ͨû뵽ȴȴݹˡ˼΢΢һЦ˵
˻棿ǰһæˡԣʱһϲ
˼һǰľ֮ϺȻֳһƤͼı顣
Ŀһɨ֮£Ǹĵͼ١
˼Ҳֱͣðָһĳɫıǣ˵˴кɽ֪һƬɽֻһµ·̡
˵ĻڱȥݷһȻᵣ˼˵м٣Ժԥ˵
Ǻǣֻļ˵һЩų壬һ˶ǰʱ򲻵һ񣬸㲻ûᱻ˳ֹ˵Ҳɣ峤ίǰ壬Ҫϰ£ʱҽͬУΣ˼˼һ֮󣬾˵һ
˺¶һ˿Ƭ̺͵˵ͷû⣬ʱǾˡһЩҪȸˡ֮ټ

ľг֮󣬲ûֱӷС԰ٺʼ˵صĸִС̡
ڽȥĽʱճϢǴС֮䣬Ѱ˸ֺУͨ;һЩϢľۻᡣ
򲻸ˣڻһʲСĴ£ڴһֶͻΪЧı
ΪԨ㣬ʵ޺㾨һϣϿԴͲطʱħԼӰ죬ֵ֮ȻǲԶˡ
㾨Ϊϡ٣Ҵޱһͨںˮ׽廯Ϊһֽ͸ĴڣϢȫޣѰҵټ
޶ĵطҪʮֿ̣ҵһʺסףһԣǰԤ֪ΣգŻʩչͨȻ뿪
ƽʿ˵ǰȥ׽ܹۿĪĻˡ
֪ЩϢ֮Ҳ׼ȥѰҺ㾨䣬ɲѰҺ㾨ϻ̫ʱ䡣
պС԰Եվһεľ޴㳡֮ϣ㳡һ¥ĸ¥
¥ǰһʮɸߵɫʯȻдšͨչϴ֡
νͨչʵֻС԰ʿԷ֯һطԷһЩ񣬻ѰһЩģȻҲҪһЩӦı꣬Щ̫ŵ
ôЩ꣬Ȼ̫ʱҲһЩȺʿǰݷãʶ̸֮УС԰ҲϤ
˿̣ͨչһ¥֮ûжʿڴˣһ𿴻һƾɵӺ棬Ŀ
ĿڴɨһۣһϣһС֣ϸ֮£ȴһЩ
˼ۺ󣬾ֱߵһԵǰ
۾ƺһ±㿴Ϊͣվ
λǰҪ񣿡¶һ˿Цݣ˵
ǡͷ
ۼƺ˵æȡһƴ壬Ϊ˵ǷƣǰֻҪдͿˡ
ӹ壬ָӶתۼͰѰҺ㾨дȥ
˽ӹ壬۾һɨĿж˼־֮ɫ
ûж˵ʲôȡһģĶϵ˼£Ϲâһ̸ֳһС֣µ
Ѱҳ꺮㾨ټʯ
ǰλãṩϵ˼ھʯӾη
˶λãܿ뿪ͨչ
С԰ͨչʵҲûб̫ϣֻ԰ˡ
ǰŸ뿪䴦ĳӰһ֣ȴһɫ۵ӰȻǵݷùࡣ
࿴˿ֿ뿪ķĿ˸֪Щʲô
ʱԼסʱ
֮д˿ΪǬڣʯŽա
ЩӣصΪһЩͻƻƿĵҩò˶ãͿԿʼͻƿͻƻˡ
˼Լİ֮ת۶̶ľС
һ̾˽뵽¥֮С
߽ż֮Уȴ˼档
ԻһɫһͷѪɫͷ߸ݿ֮ꡣ


1233 Ѫ
괽ݰ׵ģǸŮȴƫƫһ˵װԵЩײ࣬ȴҲһֶصζ
ѹȻʱô͵ˡ˽˼æվЦ
˷ĳ°ӰæȻҪʱһЩġһԵĻһۣɫ΢˵
ˣѽһ£λҵĺѣѪѪѣλѣ½̫ŵʿ˼ֱһ»ˡ
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ѿˣ˼ἰˡѪ绹һĿⲻͣĴͫ͸â
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ŮһӣΪȴǼǿȻҲһﵽ浤Բľ硣
вɵһݣԴŮ˼ּɵ
˴˺һ䣬˼£һԵ
ӣ֪֮ǰеüĿˣûٿѪ磬ת˼ʵ
⼸ʾй伮ļλϣ˵ѵ飬̲˱ף㲻УһЩͷ˼ȻһЦ˵
Ŵ˻ɵһϲ
ѱϾʿľһϲܴг֮󣬾ӣɸѽ󾳡˼˵˴һ¡
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һַĴ½һֽ˹ϴʣã߽󾳵ļʡ˼˵
֣ɵÿʼЩ꿴ĸֵ伮һᣬû˿ͷ㲻ٷ
ض֮ûйȻڵ伮֮ϡ
һһֽ׵ĵҩ˵ҩһֽ޵ΪƶɵģҪ󾳳޵ܷЧ׵̺һ˿޵ı֮𣬲һͻƿļʡ˼٩٩̸˵꣬ת׿Ѫһۡ
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˼Ȼͳ׵Ĵڣ϶Ҳ֪βܵõˡ
֪Ѫһе䣬ľһҲûеģѪѪҪǡһö˼һЦֿѪһۡ
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ѪŮԴһʼۣ֮һֱԹԵƷ裬ƺ˼Ľ̸
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ôһö׵ȴ֪УĪҲѪϣǷҪ
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ѪԲĴ½ѼѰǡѪҲҪƳ׵ͻƿѾҵһͷ󾳳޵ټƳ׵ҲѾ׼׵֪ǷԸһͬǰȥɱޣѵˮƽòٷƳ׵ˡ˼һЦ
ֻ𣿡ɫ˵
ôĪǵѻҵʵԼС󾳵ĳޣѪбۿһۣ˵
̾˿ʱѪŮĲ򵥣˵ϼ仰̱¶˵嶯ĴС㱾ԡ
СѪС㣬£Ǿһ˰ɡƽ˵
ܺãҲˬ֮ˣɡѪбֱߵվھȥ΢΢һЩˡ
ҶȺòײҵͷޣĥĥȥ˽ȵǵĻѵȥѰһͷ޲ɣѪ粻֪ΪΣƺĲ˳ۣ˵
ðɣڶڶЩΣֻܴӦ
һԵ˼͵͵һǸһ
ȻѾˣҲܿ߳ľС
ôѶ̸ǬһѶϢ䰲ڶȺ󣬱˳ǡ
úһɽͣ
ѪһϵĴʱһһɫķɳ˳˵ǳھǺԶɽͨٸ·Ҫһˣһרڳ;·ķзӦÿڰڵִ˻ʱͿԣࡣ
ԣ´˺ɫɳۡ
ɳƺĳָ߽ľƣȥ֮ͬû˿һ㣬ȴһ쳣Ļģͼڣ˸ĺ⣬Ȼһѵõı


1234 ɽ
벻Ѫ㻹д˵챦̫ˡ˼˵˵
Ҳ¶Щϲɫ
ɳԱĴҪ߳˲٣ٲȻһķˣѪһ˵౦ľĵõġ
Ȼ
Ѫ¶һ˿ɫִһһԽ𣬷ɳͼںţɳʱǴ߰ɴС㹻ʮˣװȻǴ´ࡣ
˵˳УѪ˫һְ任
ɳ΢΢һΧȻֳһƬƬɫɳȻûһֻģĻӰ˫һ󣬻ȫɽӳյĻԲ˼ٶȣԶ߼󣬱ʧԶա
ѪɳǷͬ죬ȱĳľ񳵿Ҫˡɳ֮ϣ˼Էɿ쵹˵ľ̲ס̾
ѪչһЦΪԵõӡ
һ۷ɳԵۣǶöɫľʯȻǼƷĻԾʯÿһŶֵƵġ
ɳɳ֮УЩɫʯеҲһַǳٶš
ٶȣֻҪһʱЩʯеͻᱻһա
Ѫһۣ̾ѪȻĵһ壬ƴ֣ѰѵһļƷʯʯˡ
ڴ˿̣Ȼһ£˼ʵѣǰɽشҪѶʱ䣬Ƿᵢǰȥһ壿
ַģѾеõȷϢһʱڲ뿪ɽġɱ޵̾͸Ϲȥ˶ʱġ˼Цһ͵
Ҿͷˣ˿Ŀ
˼һΣƮȻ˷ɳԵĸߵĿʼԵķ羰
Ѫ翴˼һ̶ۣĿͣƬ̣һ˿ɫû˵
ɳеһʱֻصķ

Ĵ½ϲһƬƵɽĺɫȵĻ⣬ɫˡ
Ƭɽ鲼ССĻɽڣʱܿһһ¡¡첻ϡ
гŴ̱ǵϢ¶Ҳߵˡ
Ĵ½ɽյ֮һ
˵յأɽ̺ͬ纱Ļģʱʿǰ̽գһⲿ
ɽĺĵش걻һĻɫ֣Ĵͨʿû˻῿
һգԶһִĺɫ⼤ͣ˻ɫ֮⡣
âһֳһ߰ɴСĵɫɳվӰǾʮ·ڵ˴˼Ѫˡ
ѪǰĻɫŷü˼䲻֪
һ̣˽µķۻһ⣬һŵû˴ŮϵĴУӰ
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ϷɳҪĻȻǲڻµģȴҪװ䲻ԣʵЩһű飬ԻסҶˡѣӦԼĻֶΰɣ˴ͨˣҿҪµʵˡѪƲƲ˵
䣬һתбһžӨ͸ˮɫӣһһ󣬶ʱһɹĻӱ档
ɫˮʢƬɫϼϯ֮֯䣬һСԲι򣬽Ѫ缰˼˰У¿ռ䣬ȷ޷һˡ
ѪֿһۣǷһ˿Цһ߷Բɫһɫ⣬ֱӳǰɫȥ
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ԲɫڴѪɫ֮ʱȻϸŵɫˮ⣬ʹûɫʱڽɢ¶һԲɫСһ޶Ŀӡ
ۡһɫֱû˻ɫ֮С
֪ûмƷܻĻĻʿδͨùġһѲóܻ֮ƾǶˣ󾳳ޣ᲻ᡭȻɫĻ˼Ҳǲ㺹죬תһۺ¶Щ֮ɫ
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Χ쳣ĻɫƺԣͬѰһ㣬˿Ӱûеӡ
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͵ɣޱȣټ¾ͻᱻˡھɫ޷廹ʮľ룬˼ѪͣҲͣסΡ
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һһɫйس޵ϸϢһ·Ѿ˺ܶ顣
λ󾳵ĳʵͬСɣ֮أռ˵ƣλѾȫӦ֮ߣתɫص˵
飬Һ˼õȻѾıˡѪһۣ˼˵
ѣƻģΪǼƷޣвٿΧԪ֮Ǵɽ֮¸һҽ޾̫Ǵ㽫ӶѨ֮ȻľסûնɱһԵ˼
ľľԵ󷨣ֳ֮زû𣿡һºмֳ
û⣬ľԸݻٻͬԵľõԵ֡˼΢΢һЦȡһľϻװɫϼһѡ
Ȼˣôɡˣͷ


1235 
˼ûпʼɬͬʱľϻеĻɫ˷ɢһŵķ׷û˸ĵ棬Ӱ
ţ˼зһ䣬һſڣһзһת֮£һöĹӴӡͣǰ
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һ̣ԭһĵʱһ»䶯
ţһÿͨСۿɼٶȷڳɴС󣬱һʧԭء
˹һӺ˼ľӡһգ׳Ѫ˵ľһ׼ʱԴ߶ˡ
ãճͽҰɣ˼þƬ̣һ޳߶֮סѣΪ˼ûˡʶ˷ŵһĻѪ絹ٿЩӡ
仰䣬һĻһӰϢŵ棬ž޷µɽȥ
Ŀһ鸺յе˭֪Ѫȴ˵˳ԼƵȷ˳ȥ
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䡱һ죬һһɫ⻷֯漴̱Ѷɫ˴ӱѴΧȥ
Ѫ緢ǹӰ˿̴̵˳׾ϣǱһѿ
׾һֻһɾ˳˫צ˹Ȼɽɽ֮С
δ£ΧϻȻɫСѸٵĳתۼ仯ΪһƬʮɸߵĳɫɭ֣ľ֦·һ㣬һģ󣬷׷ײ˳׾ϡ
׾֮һͣоŭ֮
Ȼ䲻ɽɣ岢û̫ܵˣȴϵ
׾ۼԽԽľƵϣ׹һʢ췢һŭȻţƾȼʮɸߵܻ档
ǲϺɫľ֪ʲôƷ֣ܻ֮У˿ûбյļ󣬷ơ


1236 뷨
Χĺɫľڳ׾޵ŭԽԽ󣬽֮䣬ƬյϣѾһƬïʢĺɫɭǡ
һ˼ӰƾոֶеľӡɢһȦȦɫΣͷɫӳյ쳣ɫȴ֮Խ԰
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һߣǰֽΪʮɳľ޴âͳ׾֮ǰźӰѡ
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Ȼ߶һʱδܽ˺Ӱɱ
˼úãԶѪۼ׾ޱľסϲĴһ
䣬һ˱ľƵĳ׾ޡ
Ļɫȴһ䣬д˼ٵнɫâʱֶһ֮»ΪһȭͷСĽɫ
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δתһӣ޹ǰ㳯Ťȥͬʱһֱ۴ϸĽɫ׵Ѹײڶֶ֮˺Ӱ֮ϡ
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Ѫе֮ʣҪ˵Щʲô֮ʱһ·һ˲ưѪǰݺݴ麣λá
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ޱ忴ҲܴҲᣬϸֳһɫƣѾɢϢ֪˥˲١
ľӡӳֵľ󣬶Ա߷ȻΪġ
ľ˲⵽˻ƻ˼еľӡâȻɢſһѪϢή
ѣû°ɡַһƬɫϼ⣬ס˼壬Լԡ
˼ֽľӡһһöҩºæڵ벻ͷ׾̫ˣľҲѾơѣҿǻʱ˰ɣ
΢΢˵ͷϺڹţһ¾ס˼Ѫ壬Զ۶ȥ
׾ȴ׹һŭһϵӰһģ˶ȥ
Ӱټ죬׷һţɫӿϯȥ
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һŭĻȻתɫϼ⽫˼ѪŮһеļȥԼȴ˫һԼͷ˫༤̱ѿ
ڹţ
һ޴ޱȵĺɫȻγɣӰĻϤ档
Ӱֻǰһڣ漴һڵĿռ֮УΧˮأˮ֮˷
Ӱ³ĻҲ˵ΧŨˮ壬Ϊ˵棬ɢ˿ռ֮С
ţΧһ󷭹ʮͷ޴ޱȵڤӹڤռиֶ׾ΧС
Ӱ״ŭ޿¼䣬һɫ˷ҵķɢڤռ˾޴Ķ
ʮͷڤӹɽӲȷɫκε˵ġ
ڤռڤˮҲǼޱȣһʱ֮䣬Ӱ޷Ѷ
ڤռ֮⣬Ӱѻһڹ⣬˳׾ޱȥ
δȴһģһɫҸֶתͣ
ְָתһŵû뽣С
һһСĽɫԲһͨɢһ溮⣬ս衣


1237 鵤
ն
ͺһһ
ɫԲһתһΪһɫСһģԭƾʧˡ
׾ۼ˾ͭĿһ˿֮ɫһԶӶݶȥȻȴѾˡ
ֻ׾޲һϸŵĽɫȻֶĲתһȦ
һ̣ɫ۳һͨӲԲ飬һģʧӰ٣·δֹһ㡣
׾޲һᣬ˶ͷ­Ӳϵȥһ޴ޱȵѪ
Ӵҡһ£һصԵ˵ϣǶüݳѾսƥĽ
ڤռ֮УӰҲһ󲻸ʵĺУȻѿΪһӴޱȵԪ
ΧڹҲ֮Ȼѿ
ִʮͷڤӹһĻΪɽ鱾壬һɶأһųɫԲҲӳʬһС
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ʱһ쳣ϢԲ˷ϯΧԭͲ͵¶Ȼ˲١
޵ǲˣ˼ɫЩ԰ףĿƵĿеԲ飬ѿڶ˵
һԵѪ磬Ҳɫһ仯ûľٶ
֪ѪѣϿЯƳ׵ϣڴʱȴͻȻʵ
ҪЩʲôѪüһ˵
ĪھƳ׵һԵ˼ȴʲôĳԾʵ
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д£˼һת׿Ѫ硣
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һֱޱ顣
ڴ˵ƵĻмɰգ֪˶ú󣬴Ůһҧڿˡ
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ϵ裬Ȼǵһƴ˵ɹҲɵģ񶦼ӳ֣ʵû˿ģ˵ʵѾʮֱˡ
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һɿ˼ڻһ㣬ӴȡһµѪɫƤ׸
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öŮһһһעܶǧ򲻿ɴԼ󣬱ԹԵĽһС
еĲ߶ȡ˳ڶвСͷ󣬽ڳ׷סֽЫ«˳ԸΪԼ
һкڶϥȡѪ紦õƳ׵ĵٴϸļһеĲϣȷ˵ȷûʲô©ĵط󣬲ŴֽȡһߵĴɫС

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˼˵᲻ʧˣҳˣôˣһ㶯ûУǼˡʧˣúóϸҲͰˣѪںһų
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ʮˣ˵߻ħˣǲƿƿ˵ܾһСѪһ˫۾һת󣬾˵һ˼Цõ
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ĿļѴﵽҲٶͣ뿪ɽѪıϷɳǷȥ

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ֻǴ˿̵ȴŮװ磬ǰŮװȣһˡ
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ѪĳҲͲˡѪĻһ֮󣬱ҡڵ붴һԲǰ
ŮĻһȦ󣬵ֳǰһɨһƬѪɫϼת̼֮һɫĽг˵ѣЩƽմǵϺòϣֻҪܹƳ֮ǰ̸õĵҩȻҲسŵġ


1238 ᾧ
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ֻ̹һƬȻͷ­Сɫס
ЩƬƺǴһϷָҴֶ֮Ҳһλк֣˿ûӰ쵽İԡ
ɢʮŨڵ½ͭżȻõ浤½ף̺ҪԶԶǰֹˡ
Ȼ󾳵½ףƺˡĲҲѵһƷ˵ĻĳƷմǵƾ˼ģǿԷһˡƬ֮󣬿л˵
ܵһγԾĿų׵ʦһЩƷմǵӦòʲô°ɣҿǶˡˣϻ˵ˣºʱԽҩѪԣüһĽе
ԷһӣﲻЩЦ
ŮҲЩ˼ΪĴ½һѪΪҲǲȴֱ֮ƶǶȴƫҪװһԼ˽ӡ
±ͷʱǼġʹĳ̿¯ҲҪԼĪ°ɣǸһŵڡ
˼ֱʱŮ˵Ҫкú׼һԼºһͬǰʶʱϻü
ȻҪ֮ãĻֱȺ򣬸²ʲôɣѪһת£ʵ
⡭ðɣȻѪУĳҲ;һص֮ɡԣвһЦֻôӦѪ
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ŽԲ֮ϵҩһɨ֮󣬱㳯ŵػҷȥ
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˿̴ŮɫҲмֲ԰ףȻǬͻƿҲķ䲻СԪ
ǬԣźȻչ֮ǰеעٳлһ󣬾ʮĽµҩɵ֮˫Ŀһգٴδ
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ػҵĴһڱƿʱһŨҩڴ
ӰһΣӵػ߳ʱȴһġЦ
üͷһ첽ߵʱȴЩȻĴԭء
УһɫǬһѪɫľɫŮ̸Ц
ɫŮѪ硣
˿̵Ѫ˵ԼһЩǬʱ棬ǽζ
ӶŮ̬˿ûʲô֮Уͬʶõĺһ㣬쳣
磬ˣǬŲ׿ϲĽе
Ѫԭ˵һʱû֣˿Ǭһļæվһ˵ѣǳˣⶼʮˡٲҿҪȥǲ͵ˣˣƷմǵƳûУ


1239 
ǺǣҲ
ԣӣߵԲǰһӡ
ڹһ
Բ֮ȻɫУһиǡžһ׷״򿪣¶ĴָСĽɫҩ衣
ĽմǵֻںɫżһЩɫߵ㣬Ľմǵȴǲɫߵ㣬̺ĳҩԶʤꡣ
ĿűȻĽɫƣһźȻơ
ѪĿԲһɨ϶ʱ¶ϲ֮ɫ漴˫ּǿƵĵҩõǰϸ
ȻǵƷմǵ
Ѫеҩ
Ѫ㣬˵ûɣӦ£Ի˵ġһԵǬЦ
ף㻯ɹˣķųʶһɨǬЩ
ĸӦǬ˿ڳķԼʮ˿žӨľ
ȻǬ֮ǰѱչسƿϾֻȻԼĵҩһξҪɹĸʱϾߵģħһء
˵£ҪѪ㡣ҿ»޷˳ᾧġǬԣһԵѪ磬ԼƿԼѪԪ֮渵
벻Ѫӻд˵ͨĳлˣԣѪʱĹ˲٣ɫһĳ买л
ҺҲͶԵ֮Ͱˡˣѵ裬ԼѪ塣ֻҪΪѪ䳤ϣϿӦоеģѪ˿ŽմǵŻؽУ֮ɫл֮ԣ˫վһƬεĽһ䣬漴뵽ʲôһ㣬һת˵
ѪӵĺˣĳɢˣʱûȤκβ塣ԣĿһܵ
ȻˣҲͲǿˡı⣬ѪʱӭѵġѪһЩʧһĵƢԣĻص
ţŮһתкȻһɫУиƿ澲һöԲ׶ͣɢɫ
ҴӦպðɡ԰գѪָһиǸϣлһɫ⣬ƮȻȥ
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һЩҪͲˡͼϵ츳Ͷؼ⣬ЩϧˡпյĻʱڳңͼڴʦвٵġѪ˵ţַȡһƴСѪɫƵݸǬ㲻ͣȥ

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˵Զǰɽݷˡ
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ȻѶ׼֣²˳٣Щɡ˼ԣ˼˵
䣬˼һӣһһһɼΪµϢȻΪһƴСɫҶƬ
ŴŮָһһ˲ûҶƬ֮С
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ҶɫҺһת̼֮һƬ磬Զ۶ȥ
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յһ·ͨĽɽ֮ڣһ±ڼľ޴󶴸ǰͣ
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˼ۼʶ۲һ㳯Ŷ֮лȥ
붴ĿռȻʣĶС
֮⣬ͷżյͬ״ɫƣɢɫâΪ͵˴ÿһ䡣
ԱߣѸֶվһθݵߡ
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ȵѣľһ˼ͬеλĳһλҲΪͬ彻һЩġ˼ƽ˵
Ҳûж˵ʲôֻ΢΢һ
ףˣҪҪһЩǷǱҪˡȳĿоһ˵
ĳгУǧĶݻȡʮֻѸ׳棬֪ȵΣ˼һ˼ֱ˵˴еĿġ
ٺ٣ľһЩԽԽˣѸ׳治ܶٻǸϳˣΪ׵ġ궬ݵĻɲУҲꡣȳһѺ룬ٴ˵
һּۻ֮£˼ǧĶݻȡʮֻѸ׳棬˫Դϲ
ȳϴ˼ӹİɫУʶһ飬ȷû󣬱С
ʽùȳãĿһתĿһۣЦʵ֪λѣ
ȵѣĳ˷ǰΪ˻ȡһֻòϡֻҪѿʯ˵һ˼󣬿żɽ˵
ѾҪʯòϣед˰ɣѾѪǧ꣬Ҳӵֻ㼴ٶʯĳҲԲύġȳԣɫȻȥһھܾ
Է֮죬üͷһ塣


1240 ۻʶ
ǹȵѲҪʯлһЩϡϡһϯ̽һ䡣
δ˵ȴȳЩͷĴϵòһ£ĳȰ²Ҫκ뷨ˡλذɣˡԶͣ
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һУһĿƣͬ۵üԳΣ߳޷ԶһֲѹһȻһ󾳵ǿߡ
ȳһˣʱ¶֮ɫ˫ݼ峤
ü߰˰֣ʾĿһתĳڿȥ
˼ȳϳƶԷ峤ҲһҪ׼֮ʱ֨֨֨ĳ֮üϴ
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һĻ˼͹ȳ϶ʱ¶֮ɫ
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ڶεԼϵʶ淢ġ
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ߣȻѲԸ⣬ǾɡһԵĹȳϣ峤һۣһĶ˼ٴ
˫ĿһУ˫ȴûж
ò־ڱصãȻܾʹȥ
µ޷𣿡ĬȻƬ̣˵
ȳЦһƺûش⡣
һͬĬĹҳһۣ˵ˡ
ˣαغЩ˿ҿһʵϡƽĺܣʵڲоͶǽһֻòϾǡЫ߷߲ƽȻ
һʮʱ䣬ЫΪչ죬ҲѾ浤Բľ硣
ΪĽȴ֪ΪαЩױʱɱ˵ͷ
Щ
Ы԰꣬һĴ嶼йϵ˼ڴ˴򲻵ѣǲɵĺáЫ
ѣòϼȻص֮㲻óһö׵˵ҩ˵ԼһѪ֮ǵԶǴö࣬ǺѾܾġڴ˿̣˼
һһ˼һۣ΢ɲĵͷ
λѲ˾ǧ֮⣬ȿд㲻٣һ¶һ˿Цݵ˵
֮ȡһɫӣ򿪺иǣһö˸ĵҩǳ׵
׵ȳһ׵һ䣬ѿڶ˵
һߵĹңɫҲ֮һ
ˣϲɫһţ˵ö׵ЩϺ͹彻һֻòΣ
һһ߰ӯĶһЩݣʯ߽޲ϣÿһǰһ·Ʒ
ȳ϶ЩݲֻɨһۣĿʼ˳׵ϡ
Ƭ֮ʶԼЩʧ̬æ飬׵мãΪѾ浤ڣܵõö׵кܴϣˡ
뵽˴жּĿⲻɵÿ峤
峤׵ҲЩݣκȻ˵ѵЩȻ󣬵òǱʥ棬һЩҩܺģѻǽЩɡ
ɫһһԵĹȳҲ¶ʧɫһҪ˵Щʲôջû˵ڡ
ѼȻȡ˳׵Ҳ˵µĳˡԽϵĻʶһãϷøһֻòϡ峤Ȼһת˵
һЩŵĿ峤һۡ
峤ԣҪҵĻʶʲô
Ƭ֮Ȼʵͬʱһ֣ϵĲϣҩսֽ䡣
峤ʱȴ˼һۡ
˼ˣȻһЦ
Ȼ峤ѻл˵СŮӾݱһ°ɡ
ߣȴȥѡѸ׳档ȳ϶˵ȳȥ
˼Ŀһۣ͸ȥ
˺ܿ뿪˶ֻ֮ʣ峤ˡ
峤ڿлֱ˵ɰɡ峤ƽ˵
ã֮ǰ֪ܷĻʶϷһ峤ԣȴ˵
üһһ֣֮нһһɫĹֳ档
˳ָֻ帲һɫ׿ǣɫƣͷϳһֻǡ
峤ĿеĻʶ棬Ȼƽע⵽һ˿֮ɫ
ȻԵġ峤һᣬջĿ⣬૵˵һ䡣
̧֣һһֻлʶƵĳӡ
һֻЩӷףɫģͷҲûгǡ
ѣʶһֻԵģϷһǴԵġ
Ŀ峤еɫϿ˼ۣ˵ͷ
ϷĻʶĿĺܼ򵥣ҪƾһֻʶϣֻҪѿϽµĳø壬ϷԸһֻòΪл峤˵
ֻѣһ˿졣
ǵģѼȻӵ⻯ʶ棬ӦҲ֪˳Ϲ棬ڻдѾ١ϷֻƳҲһԵɺ֮µõǲҵ۳ϣٹֻ꣬ƳȥʶܾҪؼҲԶʧʶĻᡣˣܵó䣬Ϸ򶼲ܸòϵġ峤ᶨ˵
ֻʶϣǷҵ۳ʲôΣУո˵ҲһǷԻʶɲĺĬȻƬ̣ʵ
Ȼ治Ǻ˽⣬Ҳ֪ܶϲѻһĳɺܴΣеĸֱ֮
ѷģʶһ֮пԶνϲѣÿһν֮һЩԪѡҲֻĻʶһЩκβǲţ¿Զħģ˵֮ûһ˿һ١ºһһЩ浤ҩ㹻ظԪġ峤ʻԥĵ


1241 
ֻ½ʶһҲǲԣҪһԿ峤Ըħģеĵʧ˴룬Ƭ̣˵
Ȼ峤ӦʱϲǰַһԺ󣬱תŴȥ
üһҲȥ
˺߽ܿһЩѵĳȣΧΪƽ̹ƺͨ
;·һɨ֮£ƺÿ·϶żңƺģʱԿ۵һʿ
˵嵱˶ϡ٣Ӷһ·Ӳûзֶˡ
ų߹հ˹յԼĪһʱ䣬˾ͷһʯҡ
ʯҴҸһֻͼһһ쳣Ľɫ׳棬ұߴһֻںĲϳ棬ƺƽƽӣΨһЩĵطǺڲͷһͷİɫơ
峤ֱߵֻϳ棬ĪǱǡһʵ
ѹȻ˼񣬲ֻڲϾǱʥòϡһɫ׳棬Ǳһʥ棬ѾͲ֪ˡ峤˵
һֻʥ沢ȤĿһɨ֮£ϸòϡ
峤дʣִһڹ⣬ûʯ֮ϡ
ʯŷһ죬渡ֳһ㵭ĺâƬ֮ɢʯŻڴ򿪡
峤˽ȥĿһܿҲȥ
ʯ֮ΪжʮɴСȴЩ谵ֻжǶ˼ɢʯͷ
峤Ŀû˿ԴҲܿ
¿һۣһ˿졣
ʯҴ濴൱ɭϣڲȴϵļªĴǽûдĥƽʱܿ͹ƽʯ飬֮⣬Χ˲ٹŹֲ
ʯеĿɢһɵ㣬
һңЩֲܹɢϲζ峤͵
ɨ˼ۣ˵ͷ
ʯĵһƽʯ̨峤ߵʯ̨ԣдʣִһ
ʯ̨¡¡мѿ¶һںĶڡ
Ƭ֮һ͸ķӴ·˳
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ˣҲһ֣һϵĻʶͽӣӵһºϡ
峤ɫӶһеûӣеǷɵʯҶļ鷢ʯҲеֱ˵¡
峤Ķʯҿʼֳ⣬ֻʶڵнֳһŵɫһ󷭹£ӱ滺ֳһµɫģܿ첼ӵı档
ɫԽŨأ֮£ֻʶ涼ֳһ˿ļԭలµֻʶƺʶ˶ԷĴڡ
֨֨˴˷ֻ֮ʶ濪ʼ䶯ӽ
˾һ˿ȡ
ǳ廹壬ΪĶǽ䣬ܺ
ÿһ޶иԵķֳڣ峤ʩչȻ߶ʶ潻䣬һûиãȻͬһ㡣

һһҹʯҵĴŻ򿪣峤˳
峤¶һ˿˷ɫһ͸ԲͲӣָͷСɫĳѡ
ûôõ飬΢΢üͷԻʶ˿ſģЩӡ
һȡһɫСƿһöĺɫҩιʶȥ
ʳһöҩʶϵϢָ̻һЩһ壬һ֨֨ĵƺΪϲҩ
Ϲʱ裬ʺϾ棬ϧҪĳɱ̫ߣ֮ҲûࡣһƿҩʳĻѵĻʶӦþֲԪˡ峤͵
˵ͷһʶ
峤öѾˣ֪Ƿ񡭡һһۣ˵һ䡣
ѷģһԳؼѾԸȥȡòϣӦѾڴеˡ峤е͸ӣ˵
Ǿͺáɵĵͷ
˺ܿ˴֮У˼Ǹȳ϶ѾȳлһƴСīɫʯС
峤ȳϿ峤
峤˵ͷȳϻ⣬еʯн˵ѣҪòϡ
л¶һ˿ϲɫùʯУ˸ӣ澲һ߰˴糤ָϸĺɫϳ棬ͷһɫðƣ֮ǰſڵһ޶òϡ
ѣҲ֪Ҫò;˲ʥ棬áȳ϶֣ص
лѡΪĿ˹ȳһۣ˵
ʯиϣСĵ
òܹһ嵱ʥ棬ضصҲû˼ȥ̽ҪòֻΪƶѡ
峤ȻѾˣҲٴţ͸ˡѵĽӦҲ˰ɣ峤֣漴һԵ˼˵
˿ЩȲҪǣƳˡ
˼˵ͷʮֻѸ׳ѡˣΪ˵ȴձ뿪ˡ
˶峤һתȥ
ѣȳϺȻڵ
ͣס˽Ųת˹ȥ
ϵö׵֪ܷңԸǧʯȳĿ˵
ԪѾûʣ¶٣ȴٳٲͻ󾳣׵˵̫ҪˣζܷŹġ
ȳΪ׵ȵҩʯܹ˵ҲȱʯЦЦ˵
˵⵹ʵЩľһ׬˲ʯǧĿϡ
׵ȻһֻܷһΣ£պߵͻʱá
ȳɫһϣ⻰죬˿죬ʱ˵
ѼȻʯ֪һЩ㽻ΣѼȻһֻʶ棬ȶӦҲǸȤġ峤ͻȻ˵
ԣĬȻ
ȳϸмĿ峤һۣȡһɫ򣬵ݸ
Ǳں彻嵥ÿһ涼Ӧע⣬ЩȹĿһۡȳϼһ˿Цݡ
¶һ˿Ȥɫֽӹʶ̽С
ڤ棬ʳʮһλʵȻʿܹ˲þ浤һʿЧ
ϣʳʮλóУģս棬⺮ɶ
ɽǣʳʮλ棬ΪѰ

һʱǰǰδŵģ۽硣
Ƭ֮ʶǴ˳а¡
ȳϿ飬Щ㷲
а²⣬ĪϵЩ涼ûȤ


1242 
Щĳ۽硭ǱǸĺܣ²ȥˡЦһ£ɫ򻹸˹ȳϡ
ȳԴʧȴЩΡ
һ岢Ŵ壬˵ͨеȲҲȲϣóЩ⣬ҲʵûֵóƵˡ
Ȼмû嵥ϣЩǹƷ̫ϧóġ
ҲʧҪ׵Ҳǲܡ˵
˻ȳԣһ
Ȼ棬ôЫ֮ӦҲвٶ⣬ô¿Խ׵õġ˵
ЫľлΪĵģЫҲҪٽ󾳵⣬ܴһеõһָط˵ܶЫĽ
Ҫ峤ԣȴһ
ֻЫ֮ѣҲȤһ䣬ԡЫࡱּ˼
峤ԣɫ粻
˵һĴ½ܹվסŵĸڣȻе֮أ׵ҲΪѵã˴˵ҩһпٶһλʿʲδչ޷ĺô
뵽˴峤˹ȳһۣҲǡεĿ˹
ѵҪҪϷӦҲԡҪģκˡ峤Ȩ׺ٴο¶ĵ˵
ԣ˵ͷ
ûʲôÿǵģԭ⽫⴫±㰴峤˼һԡ
ԥı㷢ģ峤ɫһɣ˷֮ɫĹȳһۺ󣬷ȡһհ׵Ĺ򣬷ڶͷϿʼ¼
һӺݸ
ʶԵһɨ˵ͷȡʢų׵ĺӣݸ峤
˫һ׮ףνǽԴϲ
峤ȳϵ̬ȣҲʮֵĿԻὫ˵Զѡ
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ʱ˱ںɽԵ
˼ɫҶƬ״з˱㳯Ƿɶݶȥ
ϲѴдջ񣬾ȻҪ֪Ǵ岻֮أѪͿʥԳ棬Ҳδʹǹɿڡ˼ЩĽ˵
ĳҲҪлӣ¾ٻʮ꣬ҲҲġóԸĵõòϣá
ѿˣǾ֮Ͷѡ˼Цһ
ˣӣһʱ䣬¿Ҫչֻ֮ʱжˡһ£˼˵
ҪСŮ׵ġ˼һ漴ԴӲЦһ
浤ڴԲ֮ȻҪչسˣͻ󾳣ľһĺ¾Ҫˡ
ȻܸһЩʯ棬Ϊ󾳣ʯͿпˡ
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ոͻƻڣȷҪһʱ侲ޣûдһ¶Ľƺ󣬱صԼҡ
ȻƵǻʶ澭һ·ĵûȫظԪƵʱֻƳټա
ʶιʳһ󣬱ϥ£ȡö峤
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ʶ֮ܿУʱ֮ٴ۾
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֮ϼصֶονϸޱȣڲͬԵЫűϸϰԣɻ֮Լ׵ķ
ϵķ࣬ЫԭӦںԹЫȽƵһ棬Ы˶α죬һö˾޵ѣѾܰһЫˡ
ҵһ֣пܰЫ׵ķӣĿǰԶѴɣҪһĻԵ
ɵ̾˿Щڣһöĳ׵ôһЩߵ
öϣҲһ
ȡ˹ɫ«´һ£һ䣺벻«Ȼɹľƶɡ
йعľҲ˵ľųϹľ֮һԹ˵Ǹмļֵ
ڹľڲ̺ھһִе壬ʿֱùľȻΪĿ죬˼ԪӰ顣
а²⣬ЫЩܾ꣬ΪԵʣպҪˡ
ʱ䣬һֱڶбŲһһƵĹ̡
־µĵʶڻָԪʼ׼
˵ƣµĹ̺Ƶҩû̫
вһʶС󷨣֮ʱҪ԰Ļܱκš
һ׼֮˰գľ˼Ϊȵ״̬
һ֣һɫ״ǰ
ʱر󣬱ŲµķģӵĴָҵģƷΪԲ񶦡
漴ٴһ֣Զʮƿƿ޹޵ĶЩƵĸֲϡ
һָһһѪע
ĹҪ߱˵ѪΪýҲˡ
СѪ֮һס˿ڣȻǰգһŹֵӡͬʱ촽ϣ˹Źֵڡ
ͻȻָһһڹС
Ѫһȼһ˶ߵѪɫ档
ȻüΪרעһ֣һɫĲϴз˳ѪУòϡ
ò϶ʱ˻˻ĽƺΪʹһţҪ³ʲô
Ŀһзһڹ⣬òϰ档
òһȫڹһ㣬˿ܶıѪû
ĹŹٶȶʱӿ˲٣Ҳϵһڹû֮С
ԭʺɫĻ棬˿ɫ˰ɫ
Ļ˿Ƶĵһˡ
һƿһ㣬ɳһŰɫҺ壬ķǣС
һŵɫʬ塭
ϵĽֲϼУеѪҺɫҲϱ仯һҶ֮󣬴ĻȻϨ𣬶еѪҺҲѾ˰ɫҺ壬ҿճޱȡ


1243 ޾
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һжϼһһģⶼ鹦Ҫġ
һ̧֣һϷ˳ǻʶ档
һдʣüһ㣬һ͸ʷǧľڰлһ͸ϸ˿һȦȦĲ˻ʶϣγһģ
һ͸ݰŻʶ棬еİɫҺ֮С
һŤľһеɫҺ壬һǧеʹ̴˹
ʶҲ֮ʹ˻УľͻӼӾʹ
һ۽ǳ鴤˼ºɫƽмŹһְ仯ϴһ
ŰʶݳûɫҺУһ֮ۡ
ɫҺðݣ׷һССиֶеĴǻʶ档
еҺʼ뻯ʶ壬ʶҲ֮ʹ˻
ɫ˲˼֣Ķû˿ͣ١
ֻǿʼѡ
պ󣬶֮УǬԲǰ¶˼ֲɫ
µʱ䣬ڸֵҩĸ£Ϊȶ
һأȴѷأһֱԼԼУΧһ̵ĸϽơ
Ѿʮ˰ɡ
Ǭһ鴫Ѷչ֮ǰǬģûϸ˵Լչصԭ
ѵʲô𣿡Ǭ²
ڴ˿̣һ˸õ󷨺Ȼɢһ֨ѽ죬ĴҲ򿪣һ˷ܳЦ洫˳
ӰһӰ˴֮УļͷȻſһֻ簵ϳһĹֳ棬ɫ⣬һȦȦɫ·Ͱߵ㣬ͷ­һֻѪɫСۣһɫӡǡ
磡
ǬæվĿ䵽ͷɫϳϣȻһɾֵֶ·𿴵˼Ϊֲһ㡣
Ǹǽˡ˾ȻһЦ
˵֮䣬ִһ˼ɫϳ淢һ˻У
һ̣һΪһŰɫ壬һģ֮£ڽƤ֮Уʧˡ
Ǭ˿̲˿ؿڣЩµ˵磬ոʲô
ҸոһƳ棬ʿЩãŻеʡ˵ȴϲ
ǬѾǻʿɢһСе壬˴ƳƣԼԤ֮ϡ
֮
С԰УǬһЩ޵ϵľ顣
ͻȻɫһһУһźɫӶ⼤С
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Ƭ֮¶ϲ֮ɫȻվ
磬˿İǬ¶ɻ֮ɫʵ
֮ǰͨչ󷢲ѰҺ㾨û뵽վϢˣҿҪһԶˡԣ΢΢һЦĽ͵
磬֮ǰ㶼ΪҴڶУѾˣܻܲҴɣңҲ˵⺮㾨ΪѲþͨ˵һ֮أǬһʱ¶һ˿ڴ֮ɫ˵
⡭Ȼˣһͬǰȥɡ󣬾͵ͷ˵
ǬʱϲϽ׼һ֮󣬱򶴸֮ɶݶȥ
һĹ򣬶˱ͨչһ֮С
Ҳ󣬵ûɾһŻεʯѾʿ
Ϊ׵һɫ۵ӣǸһʮĵٸһ󺺡
ȻǵոסС԰ʱǰݷõˡ
˲䣬ʱ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
ѣû뵽֮˾Ȼ㣬ҵҲǴԵˡۼˣ΢΢һ̶˫һȭ
Ҳ΢΢һЦһ
һͬǰǬֻǴһۣûж˵ʲô
ȻλѶˣĳҲͲˡ⺮㾨ϢʮҪϣλܹߴͽ̡ԣһ֮󣬵˵
˵ҲɣǰЩҺλѴӳǰ޾񣬽ıһȺ׷ɱŲ·֮ӽһɫĵ졣ҵǱ֮ķһͷڽʳľ޴ޣ˾ӹ۲ϸϳǴеĺ㾨Ҿǰȥͨչ֪ôһҵȱϽˡĿɫһߵλ֮ͬ󣬻˵
Ŷ֪˴жԶüͷһڴʵ
ҵһ·ɶݶأΪ˷ֹٴ裬ЩԶ·ֱǰĻֻ߰յĹ򡣡һ˵
ȻˣǾ͸λǰ·ˡȻֻҪǰæҵ㾨ڣڳһ£ʱ򲻻ͷλġһ˼˵
ԣȻû
Ƭ֮Ƕۿڴ𣬳Ŷ޾ɶݶȥ

֮ޱ޼ʵãã޾ĳ
ĺˮʮƽżĺһ⣬ûʲô˷һɵɫȻӰߣȴ޾ƽ˼ɫʡ
ڴʱƿɫһĶݹӺϿջ
ݹУԼɼŮҹͣɶ˵ˡ
ĲϷУȼλ浤ʿȻκ⣬Ǭշ֮£ȻҲкβס
ڴʱǰȻһ˼ˣҲ֮ͣΡ
ѣûǴĻǰ治ǧﴦˡ໷һۣʮֿ϶˵
ԣ۾һУԶĿȥ
ֻǰԶ͸ɫԼɼһԱطŨİɫţڱ˷ԲķΧĿʶ֮ǿ󣬾Ҳ˵ӡ
Ƿе죬Ȼǲö֪ˡ
ÿɷĵ˵ͷ֮һ˼̣ڷС֮󣬱Ũİɫǰ
һ̽£ִڱʶ⣬δӰ졣
˵һͷУƬ̺һЩĴ͵ӳ
⵺ϰ벿־ȻȫһƬߴİɫֲ°벿־ȫǹͺͺĺɫɽʯ˿ûκֲ
·м䱻г룬γ˺ڰ׷ɫ
̲ˮ֮УһƬͬһīɫǡ
ѣҵ֮ǰĵˡǰĺڰɫ죬˵
īݲݣǺ㾨Ǻ㾨ǽѨҲ֮ˡǺ㾨СǴ󶯸ɸȫѰһݾʹ׶ܣЩͷˡĿһɨΧīɫݣ˼
Сϰ󷨣Ӧܲһ󽫺㾨Уڴ˴ķΧĴ󣬿Ҫλǰڼؼ۴άֲˡһǬԣһԴ˳ڵõͷӦ֮˵


1244 
ԣ׷¶һ˿֮ɫȻûϵǰƸСѾͷһ󷨴ʦʱЩδĿ
λѣȷʵ֮м츳λԸԸ⽫ԭʯĳͣ˰򣬲֪λΣ΢΢һЦһǬ˵
ѲҪҵȳֶԸ㾨СµǾ֮ˡԣɫһϲ˵Ӧʵ
Ӻ͸׳ûʲôɶһͣȻᷴԣʹһɫ󣬱˵ͷʾͬ⡣
͸λˡ½֮ĳȻλġĳҪȷϺ㾨Ƿڴ˴ʱٲҲ١˹˹֣΢Ц˵
ˣȻʲô顣
ʱ˵ϢǱ˵죬һεĸߴǱųʶȴ
һգΧһƬƽ˾û˿Ǭô˻˵ԼĲƻ
ԭЩΪȻ浤ʿǰֻлڵСѾͷĽ󣬷׷Ŀɿڴ
ڴڼ䣬һֱȫעĹ۲ܣΧԭЩϡīɫѸ٣ڶհʮֺʵһƬ
ֱʱ֣Ȼӵ춫ĺ·һͳĺУ֮һ¾ˣһɫľ޾Ӻˮͷһʮɸߵľˮ
󣬴˾޿һţһ״Ӵϯֻһգ۹㽫ʮɷΧڵīݲϤС
ɴСʮһŤǱ˺ˮ֮Уȫûǰ͵βĴһº棬ٴ˰ɸߵľˡ
Ȼͷ޾ӳֵʧǰ󲻹Ĺ꼻һְ㣬浤ʿȻǿˡ
ȻǺ㾨١޾״Ժеĺ㾨Աһ֮˼
Ȼȷ˺㾨ĴڣȻŹǬʾһ
ǬһЦһ󣬱ɢʼ
ֱҹĻ٣˺ͣЪĲ֮£һȻϢı˴˵ܡ
ʱǴӿ浺쿴ȥɷ࣬Ӻ͸׳һ֮ƣиһɫ죬ϵĻ費ͣ
ͬʱΧĺ֮Уһɫ˿Ϣֶ׷׽֯һ𣬽γһ޴ĻδΧĴƬȫ
Щɫ˿˿Ҳûдεĺˮһ㣬̼Ϊʶֱγɣ㾹û˿
磬Ǻ㾨֮ʣµĿɾͿˡǬ΢΢һЦỮ䱻ˮʪһƷ˿˵
΢΢ͷ漴ڹһͬһʯһӸߴ׹ȥһСƬ˻֮󣬱ûں֮С
һٷڵ츽һ׹һΪɵľѷ죬ѷԼĪɴСѷԵƯһЩīݲݣҴӶУƮɢһĵζ
ڶڹ۲Ƭ֮ϲɫһţϢ֮󣬱СѷǱȥ
ѷ濴Щӿݣȴƽ⻬ΧһЩʰ쵵ɺһЩ֪ӫ⺣ӳ£ԵΪá
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ΪȻһͷɴСɫ޾ſڴ˴ռȻ֮ǰһƳĺ㾨
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⺮㾨˿ƺ鲻ʱŤת崩ڹʯĺˮ֮С
ڴʱǺ㾨Ȼ˫Ŀһ޴ȻһתŲԶĺˮоɲ˹ȥ
˵ʱʱ죬һɫһ֣Բ˼ٶȳź㾨ɶݶܵĺˮֱ˺һɴֵĿռ䣬ƺûμ˼
㾨δüˣǰڹһιȰ㸡֡
˿ûи䷴Ӧᣬһ̧һɫһܶںˮдһɿˮƣź㾨ȥٶ֮죬ֻ˲㵽޴֮ǰ
㾨ȻһʶһŤ֮£ȻձܿҪ
Ǳȴɫݿһ㶴һ֮󣬾ͺ谭ĴӺ㾨һ
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ˣȴ˵ǰȥһ֮£ͷδ̱ܶѿһƬڹ˲佫ɫ׶ϤΧ
һӺɫд֮󣬱Ҳûһ˿
ۼԼƽ㾨ſ³һͬĭһʣɵĺˮð׺һƬճޱȡ
ͬʱ㾨β˦˿˼ϴӿѪʹ˻һ֮󣬳һѸȥٶ֮죬ȻҲΪ֮һ
ۼŰɫĭǵӿһźɫâһĳź㾨Ӷݵķɶݶȥ
ĭһİɫݷһĺɫâӴ֮󣬾ͷ̼ܵһ㻯ΪһŰɫ޷赲ֺ
ɾգۼɫĭ֮󣬹һĻˡ
ηųʶǰȥ̽飬Ȼ˿ûκκ㾨ټԶˮҲ˺㾨ɴ塣
ͻȻ䣬۾һУǰĳˮ֮УԼɼһԵѪѸٵɢ
»ڹһתŴ˴ȥ
ֻǼĹѪ֮Ѫ˿⣬ȴʲôҲûз֡
ͬʱʮ⣬㾨һ͵ǣ·ܵĺˮΪһһ㣬һ翵̬ԭ˿ҲۿɼٶȻָ
ͨʹǿǰӳվ
㾨µĻͷһƳۿһξ룬ֻҪ֮Уѵֻʱˡ
ڴʱ䡱һ죬Ǻ㾨ֻǰһӴͬײһ̵ǽһ㡣
޴ײһƬˣʱú㾨һѣΣ˿ûзӳ
תǰľʱ¶һ˿ŵı顣
ֻԭһĺˮУľ˿֯һɢһƬΪĹâͬһһֱӺӵ֮ϣȻǬõ
Զڿ֮ⷬ󣬶ʱ¶һ˿ϲı飬ڹһţ̼䳯ź㾨֮ɶݶȥ
ǱͻȻֵײԴǺ㾨ԭش˰Σֱһ˿Σ֮󣬲Żͷȥ
˿̵ѳ⣬ԥ˫һУɫɽڿһģû֮󣬱߲ƣԶĺ㾨ȥ
һ̣ʮɫӿ׽浯𣬺ХΪһźɫֱӭ˺㾨


1245 ı
Ǻ㾨¶һ˿֮ɫɫƬȻâһʢðߺɫϣ޴ʵʵ
žһ죡
ɫͺ㾨ۼ׽Ӵ֮󣬶ֻǿһᣬʮɫ·пֽһ㣬谭û˺㾨ڣһգִһප
ɫΧź㾨޴谭Ĵ̲ͣһĹ򣬱㽫㾨ļҪ̴ͬһ㣬Ǿ޴ͷ­ȴܵûһ˿˺ۡ
ٻؿֽƮƮ˺㾨ͷ­ԡ
ڴ˿̣һһɫŴӺ㾨ͷ­зɳѸޱȵĳ·ɶݶȥ
ಣ
һɫӰתۼ׷ɫţȻһڽҧס
Ӱһһģַ˻ͷոɵƳ档
һһؿ磬Ѹޱȣ
㾨ľǷһֵļУ
˿ɫǵһ̧зһಡһ£㽫ɫų˸Уȴһ
ָḧһƵͷ­Ƶ΢΢͸һ⣬Ǽָ֮ƽ
һֻ̣һɾľϴ˹ʶС
Ȼ࣬Ǿһ˿
ɫһϲƣֻҪɱޣɾǣܼȥͻҲǴкôġ
Ʊḧ˼£һಡһ֮С
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˵˶ĺ㾨ͷ­ͬһСɽһ㣬ѵͷ­зһĹ򣬺¶һ˿ϲɫվѾһһȭͷСİɫ״塣
ӴɢһжϣǺԨ㲻ˡ
˵˾޴һͷޣֵǮģҲһСŶˡ
дϲ֮󣬸Ͻȡһƿ֮װС
ʣµ壬ȻҲ˷ѣһЩľ߼ֵĲѹһ֮󣬲뿪˴˴źɶݶȥ
ոշɳˮ˲䣬һһͻȻ¶Ӱ
һϸüϸ۵ӣּ̧һɫӡһΪ۵İɫ
һֳ־Ż󵶵Ŀ׳Ⱪһѩƿնƴȥ
ϤףȻһͬǰ͸׳
Ŷ˼Ϊһȣɫͬѩ⣬ſֲѹ˲䳯ϯ
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ʮ֮⣬һ֣˫۴һ֮˲䱩࣬һźɫĹâҲĽ浲ǰ
ʱһѼΪ޳ķɽһ⣬ݺ˫֮ϡ
䡱һ죡
һۿɼӶµĺ˲һʮɸߵľˡ
һ̣Ѫɫȴͬܵһɾķֱֱĵ˶ȥȴ˿վԶȥ
ֻԶһźɫУȻվһѪƵĴüӣһУһѽɶصѪɫԣ֮ɫ
ʱԭȵʿһֻͬǼ󣬱ʹüվ˼ʮɿ⣬֮ƣŵΧס
ԶĴüӣȻղӲһһΪɵ֮£ɫ粻
һʱ˶ǱտڲԣҲû˿ȥ˼
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Ǭϲûʲô˺ۣҲֻǻ԰ˡ
ʶһɨ۵ף˵ĳԩ޳𣬺αعıң
Ļʹüӻһۺ󣬺ȻͬʱЦ
ѣƾΪҵȵĲԸ鷳ġƫƫȴ޸ջǰҵӶһյǫѷ֮ɫ˵
ٺ٣ܹϵıȫ˵һãһ·򣬲ҪΪղŽӹһ٣ܹǵĶˡüӴ˿ҲعһָѪɫ˲ô
ǻˣƺԸղıмּɵû
ܽΧɱڴˣֺαطôĿأȻɫ
ߣѻ֪һͬǰǬѾ˰ɣಢûֱӻش𣬷һת˵
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䣬ڹһͬ˲һ㣬̼䳯ŽµĺˮзɶݶȥĶǬܲһ㡣
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൥һһ֮˲¶һֻӭ籩ǣͬһСɽһ㳯ѹȥ
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ʱ޴𲧵·һЮźڝצӰ˽֮ϡ
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ǽ𲧷·ܵ˾޴ĳͨĽ⾹Ȼû˿ãɫצӰӲĻĿĵۣҲ·һ㣬һ겻
˿ۡһ̼û˺ˮ֮С
ڴʱüӵһߵѪɫһ֮󣬾Ȼ̼СΪһöѪɫϸС
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Ѫɫϸ̼֮ܵڿһģ֮󣬶ʱѪţˮеǵϯ
ۼ֣ȻеľŻڿһ󶶶֮󣬺Ȼûһɳľ޴Ӱ
֮£֮ǰ͵ϮΪƾˣнΧɱں֮ơ
ˣȴ̵ֳǰһģһɫĽ˲佫ǡ֮ۡ󣬻һɫᡣ
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Ѫɫϸ룬ȴһ֮һźɫϯס˽Ѫ⣬ųԶɶݶȥ
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ۼ׷ŭϲĺ˱һ롣
ͬһʱ䣬Զϵľӽ£ɫâһ¶һƴЫ
˹ЫֻǶͷϵĽӡһһٶ֮죬Զ
ۡһ죬ɫ˲û˾ӵ֮С


1246 
һ̣һ⣬ֱ׹ȥϵĵԽԵ⣬Ȼ޷һ֣ڵķҲͬסһ㡣
ͨЫ浤ںµõͨʱסʿ꣬䶯á
ʱЫǲκΰѻġ
ֻһ֮˲䱩ǵɴСɶݵ˼׹еľǰͬʱĹڿлһܼĺߣͬһ̽˾ӵͷ­֮С
أ
ӻδüҽУͷ­㱬ѿΪһ̲Ѫ꣬ǻûüӳڽлΪ˻ҽ
Ыһģ֮󣬾ȻֻûһɴŮǬŻһһ⸲֮󣬱㳯Զĺˮзɶݶȥ
ЫͻȻ֣ɱӣǰ󲻹ʱ䣬ǰȻ̲˴£ǻûüԮ֣ЫѾǬ˺Уʧټ
ɫ䣬ɵͬʱͣ˶ݹ⡣
ڴ˿̣ǰӶеһͣסΣȻһת˷˶
ۼ˾ٶȴû¶˿ϲɫ
ͬʱһüӵѪɫİӡиմ󺺵Ĺͷͬʱ
âţɫâһֶ
оһһһģ֮··ĺˮ֮С
ɫһ䣬˺֮󣬷·˺ˮһ㣬˵ʶȻ޷̽鵽ڡ
˻һۣüΪߣĴһС·
䣬·ĺȻըѿһִޱȵˮȻ
˸ˮ壬Ϊǰ˸ɫ֣ûܵ˺ǱˮľԵ
üϰһѪ⣬˲ס壬ǻûӦˮ֮һɫ˶һȻ⣬˹
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䡱һͬըһľںӿѪɫâļҳײУγһ޴С
üѪɫܣ޷赲ɫֺӲг룬ضϽߵɿȥֱӽĴü¶˳
üֻûëֶεֿȴΪʱ
һ˺Ѳ֮ɫһڴüӺʮԶ¶Ӱ
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ȴûлͷֳ̧üӶһָϹһһոӶݶľ˲䱻һɫס
֮һɫϸӰһŴһҽУ;ȴȻֹ
һеĽϹУͬʱתĿԶĿɿڴ͸׳ˡ
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üͷһһɿ֮һʧԭء
׳Աһģһͷһۣµܵʱ
һ̣ڹһȻ֣һ̧צĳӳȥ
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ڴʱ·ˮ桰ۡһһɫӰһԣЫﱧŻԲѵǬ
ˡ
ЫнӹǬЫͷ˵
ЫһЦֽһݸǸӵĴȻһһڹ⣬ɽĻ«
еļ﷨һɷǬڣֻǱڸ֮ɫʱһɡ
ָһһڹǬü֮С
Ǭһ𣬻˫ۡ
磬ãǸոճ͵Ϯңǿ϶ͼı죬ҪСģǬһ̼
üѾһɱˡſǬЦ˵
Ǭһ¿ȥ
֮ϿյûһӰǿ֮һ˿Ѫ˵Щ˶նɱˡ
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Ǹָ鷳ˡǬɫмѿ
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߰ɣ˵ز˾Ȼ˵ոյսĲ㲻ûʿ޵ע⡣ĿԶ˼ۺ˵
ǬȻû

֮ٴ̤С԰Ķ
ǬЩ䣬˵һ㾶ֱԼס
ֱӽ֮Уһ˵Ĵ﷨
ϲǣÿ澹һڶʯü󺺵Ĵ﷨࣬нڵʯ
֮⣬һЩϡϵȵȣҲǼֵ֮ӦЩ˶ղأֻȴװױ
ôʯټЩã㹻˳纣ۣвٽࡣ
һ﷨һȻȡ˺㾨ϡ
㾨ȻѾõˣҪƳϣҪҪ׼Ѿǰˡ
չ󣬵Լ߳ʱжһƿȻƿڱǵʵʵȻһ˿ɢɢ˳
ֵḧƿƬ֮¶˳ɫ
Ѿ˺ϣ׵ֶָΣֻЩͻƿԲ
Ƭ̣ǾռֶָΣٳͻ󾳡
⣬ܿ߳˶Ƕľзȥ
ԼһѰң˼ȽϿ졣
ʱɵľڵٺ
ţ¶һ˿ɫԭޱȵĽֵ˿̿ȥϡ˺ܶ࣬ҽֵĺܶʿɫأŲҴҵӡ
ĪǷʲô飿аֹǰصǵʱ򣬻ûз
ľ֮У˿ҲΪģҴɫҴңһ̤Уִ֮ӭ
Ѿľеĳͣ˵֮󣬺ܿ챻ã˼
˼ƺҲΪǵӣæӭ
ѣղˣôпĳҪСŮЧ͡˼Ըһ裬չһЦ


1247 ս
ѹȻѩ½ˣȷʵ󡣡Ŀһ˵
ѾܵõСõĵطұض˼£ȻһЦ
Щദϵ˲١
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򲨹ΧĻѾû˼ˣ˼ֱʵ֪Ƿ֪һЩҪ䣿
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ûﳤסĴ㣬ûоϸСʱڳʯҡ
Щ֮ڶ󷨡
󷨶ǬƣһǷһǻ󷨡
״ڶ֮󣬵Χ׷׻˹С˰
ǬƵ׻ڸʶãҲѷСĴڡ
һ֮СϿһĵ˵ͷ˶һһڹĺ«˳ΪһɴŮЫ
ЫҪչؿʼƿһоͽˣʲô춯㲻ʾնɱ
˷ģЫŴ˻ҲĴӦ
ŵ˵ͷ߽˶֮Уִ˲ڸķơ
Χİɫ֮зһɫˮâ˴ɽ档
󷨽ˮԵģ޾֮޾ˮԵֵκ浤ʿĹټЫפأ㳹׷ġ
ڴ˿̣üͷһ壬ֽһһɫ̣һ׹ɳûüġ
ԺиֳһѶϢȴ˼ģϧʲôϢ
Ѷ֮У˼ᵽֿԸͻ󾳵ķӣƴŵĶ
һǹĴ½֮ص׺һ壬УڵĺһԪ׳أϴ湦Ч
һ֣Ĵ½һΪ¥ؾÿǧһĴ½һΣؾдһΪľ֮в˼湦Чܻ׹ǣͻƾҲá
ѶϢ֮ҡͷЦһ
׺һĻԪ׳Ҳ˵ˣڣҲƽ޹ʽʹõġ
¥ؾ˼ѶϢᵽһγٶǰҪȥҲҪٵȸꡣ¥ؾֵλø޷ȷһȫƾԵ
ʱзƽ֮롣
˼һѶϢ㽫Ѷ
ºһֱϢ̬״̬һȡ׵
ȼ˺㣬һɵ̳䶴ҡ
оеʼ٣жʱһϲԺö˼ġ
һ֣׵һ⣬һŵķĿУ˳źĸС
תһŻķס˳׵ʼ


1248 ·ת
ûãڵľʼù׵һȵķ֫ٺ֮Ѹٵ
϶ʱֳһ˿ʹ֮ɫ
˿̸·ҲĿһѸת
ɺת˼Ȧ֮ͻȻ麣ȥһš
¡
Ȼ۾֮Ϻڹţһǿ֮ķ͵س˷ɢ
֮⣬ЫƺӦʲôȻվĿ⿴չصķü𡭡
ʱһĹȥʱһʱ䡣
һգϿƾմװĺϿƾոֳɫƣתγһԲĶСĺɫС
֮Уһɫ׵磬һ裬Բʮ
Ы㵵Ŀеϸֳ˾ϲǲΰĸɫ
˺ƴʼδģǰõ󷨽ƴ˿̸ãҵǻĵΧǰãã˲Сڱá
ЫǲҴ⣬ĿĳҷһۣϥһдʣϷһɫâ
ЫִϻƹһзɳСĻɫЫӰ˷ȥ
׵浤Բľ磬Ы̽̽ԲǧﷶΧڵκ춯ʶҪࡣ
ȻһľһᶨǾҲκ˴ŵˡ
Ыʩչʱ򣬰еֿʼ˱仯
ɫвת֮䣬һɫƴ·ɳ׷·Ķ֮С
֮У˿ȫڷĺɫ֮У¶һ˿ʹɫƺʲô
Ϻϵķ󽥽γһʲľ޴ɫӰ
ϿµһƣڽߺɫӰ֮С
ÿһƣ޴ӰŨһ֡
һ̿˳ȻеĺɫвתµٶȴԽԽ
ÿһƣϵıŤһ֣ƺڳĳֳܵľ޴ʹࡣ
ʱƣϵȴԽԽأľ޴ɫӰʱҲʼֲȶѾʼʵһ޴ݣȻָطǻٴ͹
֮⣬ЫƺӦʲôֹͣʩչ̽ɫһվ
ڴʱ
ϿյĺɫͻȻһ˿ļеĵâҴܣһХ
ûãеĺƺһ󷭹Ȼ͵رѿΪһźɫʹ˷Ʈɢ
ˣ
Ыɫ䣬һ˶֮УҴɽգϲнƣʶ޷̽롣
Ȼȥڴ˹ؼʱ̴ŵŪɳ׾һʱ漱ת
֮УϺѾɢ˫ĿգϢήңǻһɫѪ
֮˫ۣ˿ѪɫҲޡ
ǿг󾳣Ȼտʼûãʧˡ
֮£Ԫˡȫദ˵麣ڵǿźڰ浤棬Ȼѿ˼϶
бޱȣ
ⷬµĳ֮٣Ȼ̫ðʧˡ
ƿ֮ѣԶԶԭ󣬸浤ƿɱȵġ
浤̶ֳȣԺ˵ٽˣܲάԭȾ綼˴⡣ˡ
Ыĵ׸֣ǽ
Ыû£ǳʧܣ˵ˡҪչһʱָػͺá˷Ը
ЫĴ˿Ӧһ󣬼ػ
Լ̾һǿܾ񣬷ȡö˵ҩȥ
ڴ˿̣麣֮һ׹һȻֶ
ǰһһ̣Ѿ˻ɵռ֮С
ǰԶ޲TĸֶޱĿ
޲Tǰһ޲T־ϲæһ
޲TĮȻƺûпֻǰĿ´һ󣬲ޱ˵ǰȻʲԻ㲻ȴ㾹ʣΪһŮӣƾһ׼ȲҪͻ󾳣ڿʼڵˡ
޲Tǰһж޲T˻վֱ壬Ŀһ˵
޲TٺһЦû˵ȻĬ˴¡
γʧܣȷʵҲ֮ˡҵ浤ƣ֪޲Tǰа취ȣЦһֹһʵ
ֲ֮ȻûУȻΪҽٽֻΪڿһɣ޲T˫ĿһУĻص
޲TǰָԽ򣡡Դϲæ˵
ɡ޲Tһ䣬һӡ
ռâ漴ֳһĿռ֪ͨͨδ
һһס˿ռ֮ͨС
ûüѯʲôǰķ羰ɿ仯ģ֮һȻһɵĹӴ֮ǰ
¿һۣǰĿռռΪƣҪСö࣬ԶһŨħ
޲Tǰǣ̽Եʵ
ķħѹڶħ㱻ӡڴˡ޲T˵
ԵһһʱĬȻ
߰ɣڵ̫أܹõԻָҪȥһħһ棬ְæ޲Tһ˵ţһŴȥ
Գһ޲TѾʼ߽˴ֻøȥ
ǰĴҲֻһʮɸߣͨһֺɫĲϽɣ˿̿ȥԵЩƾɣһЩŹֵģһּΪϵĸо
һ̤ǰպķ췭ظı仯ͷĵú޲ڵĿռʮٱչ
ǰһӾָʱΧ龰Ѿ䣬õļ޲Tվһ֮Ŀռ֮С
ռɢ˵ĺһƬƽĹ㳡ͷĵüѾ·Ϊһ塣
㳡֮ϲǿһÿʮɣһʮɸߵľͺɫ
ͫһֻЩ϶úɫһι״ħ
ЩħС죬òҲǧٹ֣ǰħﶼȻ졣
һ⣬ЩϵĹɢǿҵħ֮ÿһħɢϢ֮ϣҲ󾳵ĳ̶ȡ
һ޲TӰЩ̷˻ҵ˹
ηһϵĺɫ̷˵İɫӫ⣬Щħʱش㣬ʵȻʵ˻


1249 ħ
޲TƺһӶֱһȥ
оɫһִֻһȦռ֮УƵĺɫҲٸ֮࣬Ҳ˵ϵħꡣ
뵽˴ɵõһԭ˵ʵеһ󾪺
ŲӣĬĬĸ޲Tйâ˸²޲TеǸħݡ
߷ɿ죬ſռȥ
ԽߣΧħԽء
ͻȻϺڹһ̽һֻɫĲϳԴһѪɫС۾Ƴ棬ƺΧĻеΪ˻˻ĵ
û뵽СǲȻܹƳơ̫ʱڣҲûжɹ˹Ƶġ޲Tһۣ˵
ⶼҪ˵ǰָʶ棬֪֮ҲȻԵġЦ˵
Ļƺúħɲϲ޲Tָ˵
һȻüͷһ£ζȻΪһɺûڡ
޲TЦһ˼ǰ߶ȥʱߵ˴
ԽߣΧĺɫʯԽϡ٣ħϢȴ֮Խǿ
˴˿̣ÿһɢ󾳺ڣӽͨĿֲѹ
סоĬȻĸ޲Tǰߡ
ǰһʱ䣬ΧѾһɫʯˣԶһɫ̳ӳ
̳ԲΣߴֻɸߵӣɫڣ͸ոյĺɫʯõͬһֲʡ
̳֮վһӰͳ˼һ޶ֻͷϳһѪ˫ǣһɫʯ߰˵ɫס
ͫһɢϢκһħ궼ҪǿĶ࣬ԶԶǿ֮ǰκͨܡ
ƺҲоʲô̧ͷ
ʱɫһ䡣
˵òȻһģһ
˿޲TһۣĿٴ䵽ϣһ˿ĵĺâ
ͺһӣĵ̲һ󲻿ֹɿתۼ籩һ㣬ϯ
ã
ɫ͵һҧ⣬ҵĴʹʹָһ˿ڵķת˫֮кڹ˸ֳʵʵĺâס˺˵Ŀ⡣
ŵŵţ
վΣе͵͵ĴϢţµĿ̳ϵĺˡ
գողһ׹˺۵Ŀ֮УȻ֪˸ոʹõʲôֶΣǿԿ϶ʲô¡
ȻֵܹסҵϬ籩൱еâɢĿڵ
ɫ䣬ת׿޲Tʵո˵Ҫһħæѵ
õģǵˡ޲TҲûһۣе˵ţ˼̳
üͷһ壬Ŀ˺ϵĽɫ˼ۣԥƬ̣Ҳ޲T˼̳
ھ֮վסΣСĽ䱸š
Ѿˣ飬ͽˡ޲TƺͺΪϤӣ˵
ˡ¶һ˿Цݣ˵ͷ
˵ĽâʲôҲû˵
˵ǻǵһֱӻɣĿһתϣ¶ЦЦ飬˵
Ŵ˻ͫһ
ôСĽ䱸ոҲǿһССЦѡЦһ
˭ĬȻƬ̣Ŀʵ
ҵֽħ죬Ҳ֪һ˵ˣҲ˵˵
Ŵԣ¶һ˿ɫתͷһԵ޲T
û˵ѣȷʵһˣħ½һħˣҲ֮ʵǿһ޲T˵
Ե˵ͷ޲TǰҲ˵ΪȻԽ֮ǽԶ֮УǰħӦҲ
ǿǱ¡ħ޲TĻһ
޲TԣɫҲһ¡
ԭħǰոЩʧˣǰԣƺĿɨתͷЩɻ˵
Ȼһξȹô㶼ǵ𣿡ħ˵ţͻȻһЦ
һڴ˿̣ɫ䡣
Щ꣬ʶ֮ѱѹƵħȻӿǰδеǿңת˲֮䣬ϱһֳɫħơ
һ麣֮浤͵һǣâš
浤֮ѹľ׷ӡȻųһϸ˿ɫâӿ
ȫʹþ֮ɢڵħʱӿħȻһͣЪڷħˮȥϵĺħҲ֮ɢ˿
𣿡ħЩϷʵ˵
ɫѿ֮ĬĬת麣֮е浤ΪոȻȫ߶ƺһЩ
ԭˣǵҵǸħ꣡ɫ˵
ϧѡ㡣Ҳҿҵһ˿ʶ֮У֮ܽʱħɱǿеǿУܻڣħ쵭˵
ԣϱɫ΢΢
ħ˵ħȻԾͷüβѲ֪˼ˡ
Щǰ鲻˵Ҳգ׼ǿг󾳣浤ƣ޲T޲ߣȴа취浤ָħ컰һת˵
ǰа취Դϲ
ˣһԳ׸ڵһħ壬һ㲻ܳħ֮ħ֮׾ٵ۳ط࣬󾳡ħĻгջ
ǰʲô˵ɣܲƾװİɡĺһɫָ侲
ʹ˵ɣҵȻѰ㣬Ҫڰ֮ڣȥĴ½ĳȡһҾСħһ˿â漴ָֻƽ˵
ȡʲôЩ⣬Ŀһʵ
Ҳ޷һֹǣҾӡӶԽתħиֳ˿εɫ
ֹǣõİɡصʵ
ֹλãڻܸ㣬ȡ˱ȻЩѣҪõôĺôܲðЩյģħٺһ˵
Щ¶˳ɫĿⲻɵÿһԵ޲T
޲T˿ȴվһԣ۹۱ǣǹģͷ·˯һ㡣
һֻԼȨ
ħϹŵ΢ЦҲûгԴߴ١


1250 ħӡ
ʱһһȥһӣ̧ͷ
ǵħĿһʵ
ãҿԴӦףǰǣȽƳκòСһһٵ˵
ȻǿǩħĺķκһлԻΥԼĴ㣬֮ʹöԷ̱ѶħȻ˵
ķ
һҪ˵Щʲôڴ˿̣иֳ޲Tħ弸߼Լ֮һõģħ˵Ĳԡ޲Tһš
΢΢һͣ۽Ƴһ޲Tվԭأ˿ûС
ͷһת¶˾ģͷͬǩȻٺò
ܺá
ħһЦһſڣһغɫ˿ಡһƿն
ţдɬĹŹһƺзɳڰлΪһħƵ·ģ˲û˺ɫ˿֮С
ֱƬ֮ħ׵Ȼֹ
̼䣬Ǵغɫ˿ʱͬܵĳִ̼һ㣬ڿһ̶һת֮󣬺һչΪһźɫƤһľᣬͣħ֮䡣
Ƥ֮ϸֳһЩŤķģɢһѰϢ
ڣֻ轫Եӡǿ¼棬ˡħ˵
ĿںɫƤɨۣ˵ͷָһüģһмһŵûƤ֮УƤ̸ֳֵ֮ķġ
ͬʱħͷҲɳһ⣬Ƥ֮ϣֳͬ˼ġ
ɫƤһȼΪһźɫ棬ȻһΪĻڹ⣬ֱûħü֮С
ںڹû˲䣬ֻʶһ䣬Ǻڹʶ󣬾Ȼʧˣͬδֹһ㡣
ˣԼ˾ˡֹǵڣ˺ʵʱԻ㡣ħ˵
˵ͷһֱվһԵ޲T˿ȴȻһ֡
ֻǰһߴһһ̱㼺Ѿ뿪ؿռ䣬ٴγʱ֮С
׼һᶯ֮ħʶеһƷħӡǣħ֮޲T
ԣ˫һ̣ԭ
ûã۾Ȼü֮һƬʵʵľͷϿγһʵš
֮Уһźƹ֮ϡ
ܹ֮һףӰһ֣ģΪơ
ڴ˿̣麣֮вһ𣬸ֳһ͸ݡ
ಡһ죡
һڹмһ֮£׼ȷĺӰüĴ
Ӱһһ̴һţƺҪһʵŭ漴ȻѿΪһŵĺ
ϸֳһ˿ϲɫɫʶȻһᣬ·صжһ㡣
ִһͷϻŰľ糤ˮһӿʶ֮С
УŷĵƯڰС
麣֮е͸һһڹͰеĺΪһ壬ֹͣ˷Ϊһޱȵĺɫġ
ҪħӡǺΪһ壬ܳħħȻĵ׸֡
һ𣬼æƽе˼󣬺ܿľָ˹ž״̬
֮еĺɫĵһתķһģڽü֮
һ֮˲Ϯ֮Уȫ·һڷգ־֮ᶨҲ̲סƺһ
Ƶʮʹĥôʹʲôܿס񣬿ʼüĴħӡںϡ
ʱһȥҲ֪˶ãȻ۾վ
һüĴʱֳǸħӡǣһαǣͬʱһִ޹ɵͣ
ţɫƿʼλ
ȫ¶ɫƸǺðһ棬ȼȻǵħʱе龰
ǰͬǣʱ־峺ޱȣɵĿԼ֫
ֻ³˺ذһǰδеĳ֮Ϯ̲סҪ쳤Х
Ȼı仯ƺδֹͣڹУһƬƬİƬƤһһֶ˸ŹĹâ
ڴ˿̣޲TȻ˶ߣܺãѾħˡҪ֮޸浤ϵѺˣ
ԣæٴϵħۼ׷׷ɢٴ壬ĹֻΪԭƽ
麣֮У͸һ󲨶öͨϝĴһĸֶΧ浤һ󷨵ģת
һ̣öɫĸԷųһƬɫϼ⣬浤֮ϡ
ͬʱ麣֮иֳĺɫ˿ɫϼ֮£ʮ͵ĸ˺ڰ浤ļ϶ϡ
źɫ˿Ļ룬浤ϵƣҲһΪٶȣ
״̬һ֮á
һºһ죬麣֮Уɫ˿ɫϼ΢΢һ֮ͬʱɢ
͸΢΢һ֮ԭİöɫҲͬʱһķ֮У漴ۡһʧˡ
۾Ǵϲɫ
麣е浤ѾָѾʧҺ֮ǰȣڰ浤ƺһȦ
Ȼϲѣһͷ֮ϺڹһٴθֳǸӵħӡǣ¶ֱ϶ʱֳһȦȦɫƣͬʱһ׺ɫۼ׺͹ħ渲ȫ֮Ҳ˳צ
һǿɢʱȻҲһЩƣǴ˿̽𶯲Ҳ΢¡¡ϱҪ˺ѿ
̧ħ֣ŶϿһ
̼䣬ȭͷһϺɫâһ£˲仯ΪһɫȭӰƿն
ɫȭӰδĽ֮ϣֱͬһ㣬һΪһƬޡ
⻹ֹɫȭӰ˿գ۵ĹԶĸ߿ա
䡱һ죬һҵĲһϸСĿռѷ˷֡
ȻЩռѷֻһţԼһȭ̺ѹΪ̾
˿̵ǿȣԼ֫ٺļͣѾԶԶ۷֮ʱ
֪ΪΣܾĵȴһ궯ĪıŰ֮⡣
ڴʱһ¶Щ֮ɫ
ˣ
ӰһһɴŮѵĴз룬Ы
һ˿̵ӣЫʱһ
һһϵۼצһţĹħҲΪ˺ڽ塣
û£Ҹոջָƣһѡ˵
Ыһۣоδ֮ԣж˵ʲôǻһתʵ˵ƼȻѾԭǼڴȷǣ


1251 
ʱɣһٳһƿսȭͷɫȻ˵
ЫĿһۣûж˵ʲô˵ͷһַ˳ȥ
һ̣Χһʯ֮ѵɽʯһƹ֮з׷׾£һΧϿѵɽڣָܿԭ״
һЫƽ⣬ִոձԼһȭƻĶ޸󣬱ٴϥ
Ҳ֪޲Tħʲô浤޸󣬷Ȼ֮ǰӯ˼֣˵Ƿ嶼Ѿָ״̬һٴγ֮
ڴ˿̣ǰһһѾռ֮С
һµ޲TɫµվǰԶ
޲Tǰɫһһ
Ǵٴγƿ޲Tɨһۣ˵
üһûзϵĵ˵ͷ
֮ǰĽѵȻѾܹħ廹ûгӦҳɹͻƵ󾳣ҲԺɲ㲻պħһռ䣬ھʵʵĴһʱ򽫷úĥһ㡣޲T˵
лǰָ㡣һ漴ͷ
ˣüĵǸӡǣħıӡǣû뵽ħὫ㣬Ȼ֪ʲô㣬㻹Сһ°ɡ޲TͻȻ뵽ʲôһ㣬
޲Tǰ˼ħͼĿһص
Ҳ޷жϣСһЩǺõġңһͻ󾳣ռӰͻӾ磬˵ʹӡɶĿܣҪǰΪЩ׼޲Tޱ飬˵
ˡɫһ࣬˵ͷ
ǣˡҲòضԴˡ
޲Tֶһ󣬱㽫ٴͳռ䡣
޲T֣һε֮˲СһźȻռиֶ˳һЩŤĺӰħ졣
㲻ҲһΪҪħͫ˳ʹã޲Tħĳûбֳ˿⣬Ļص
ô˵ȫѣҶҪҷָܹģҲֻˡħԣЦ˼˵
Ȼ֪޲T˵
޲T׾ͺãֹͷһǲҪ¼ɵĺãǲЭһ˿ϣҪʧȥˡǰʱˡħ췢һЦȻΪһźû˿ռ֮С
޲ŢֶͷռϷƬ֮ҲһΣʧԭء
ռеⷬԻȻһ֪ڽڶбչϵĥ·
ȻĴǳģûӦʵҵҲΪ
޲TĻʼĲüĴħӡǡ
һʱоӡЩڵӡµĶ࣬˿ĽħƺӦûһЩȴĳֹ޷
֮Уʱķɿ죬תۼȥ˽ʱ䡣
һգСΧɫһ󷭹Ͽٴθֳɫƣγһ޴ĺС
·γһ©״һƷɿ©û·Ķ֮С
Ыվڶſڣǰ龰¶һ˿ϲɫ
˭ҲóһԱ֮ǰһҪ˳ܶࡣ
еתԽԽ죬ɫҲܿȫ·Ķ֮С
еҲ꼻һһ㣬ʧˡ
һ¿̣¡¡һ죡
һʮɸߵĵɫӰȻ·Ķиֶƣһɾ޴ѹӰɢ
ЫΪҲܲסɾ޴ѹԶԶ˳ȥ
ɫ䣬ֱʮɾ룬ǿվסΣ̧ͷеĺɫӰ
ӰģһƬͣӦǸʮֿģ͸ϲϷԼɼֱۣһϸ֮£Ȼͷͻ
֮⣬һȭͷСĵɫΧ߾Ӱɿת֣ЫĿҲ޷֮С
ֱһӶ£·һ޾ƣʹСΧһҷ
һ쳹ʵХ
ӰͻȻһ㣬׷״ȿֺ˳
īͷھӰΧɿߣһɹɱȴǰΪ˷ϯʹСΪģԲİɷΧڣڵأĿӡ
Ы֮ʣһ춯صĺӶ
ȴǰеӰ׷ױѿڹһһɸΧİɵľڤռȻ֡
ȻЫڤռ䣬Աеĵչ͵Ϯ˿̣ȴֲ֪ãȻ֮УͬԼ޾Ԩһ㣬оһ֮С
ڴʱΧĺڹڽɢǵصĺһ󷭹֮£ӰȥٴλΪ
һ̣ӰȻɢһŵû·Ӱ
Сٴλָյƽ·֮ǰһдδһ㡣
ЫǰһĻЩ
˴˿̣ﻹ᲻֪ɹ󾳣ŵ𵭽ɫˣ۳طӰ
Ȼع¶ϲɫҪ붴֮ʱͻ
ԭָƽĶȴһͳ˻гһɱŰ֮⡣
ԭʵУͻȻһХ֮һƬƬȴǰΪŨܵĺƣƾոֶҸǷΧ֮ǰ㡣
һϺɫƱȻ·һ쫷ĴߣһһƸ
գۼ䣬Сڵĺ򣬺ȻһƬա
¡¡𣬺ɫĵ绡ͷ­СͬĴ׹£ʹԭڰɫС׻һƬɫ׵纣
뵺УһһɫӰȻ֣Զĵ췽ϳ˲˼֮ɫЫ
Ȼһ̣ΪһĻˣ
׵纣ĴҲڵСɽͻȻ¡һıѿһɳʯУһаɸߵľ޴ӰȽȽվ
Ы˵ģȴȻһ
ͨ岼һɫƬϻһִɫƣ沿ģ壬ȴĿͷһѪɫǣһ˫ĿѪš
ĵ绡ھϣȴֻըһ׹⣬˿޷Ծ˺ӡ
ڴʱ˿һͺһƬɫħ棬漴һ٣һȭȥ
һʮɾ޴ĺɫȭƾ۶Ź棬кȥ֮ĺɫƴ֮
ȭʱȻɢನ˷ϯеĺɫƶʱһɨգ֮Ѹٱ磬Χ쫷ҲȻֹ


1252 򲨹
ͬʱӰ·С֮ϣһɫħƺƬӰվһƬɽʯ֮С

ֻǴ˿̵ٴȫħһģȴָ֮ɫ
һ浤޸һԼȵ񼸷֣޲T߶СΪ侫ԳȻֳּβۣ廹ǱȽ˳
ǰ۳һͨӰʩչĹܱ֮ǰ˺ֹ䵱ʱдϲ֮
ȻջطӰ֮ʱ޲TȴȻڶ𣬳Լħ֮ٴγطࡣ
һĻ֮ͬǰЫǰ㣬۳һħ˷࣬ҾͶܣΪס
ԼȻ۳ֽȻͬط࣬ʼδģһȥĹľʷ伮Ҳƺδʿ۳߷ġ
ȻĿǰûʲôмֲ
һǰֻܻɫ࣬أ׶õڶħ˷ࡣ
Ͼ½Ĵ½ӵħ֮ħˣһֽɵĴڡ
ļǵãϽУĴ½޶ħҧгݵ
һħ˷ӰٴλûС
麣Ϸԭǿתĺڰ浤˿ɢҫ۵ϼ⣬ֺڰɫԺɫȰɫǿϲ١
ڴ˿̣ԺиֳһѪɫġ
һ̣Ѫɫһ漴ѿΪ֡
Ŀһʱ뵽ھڤµħԡ
Щһģ׷ûʶ֮С
ĿƬ̣漴˫ۣĿâһ
µЩϢĳϸ˵˳
Ȼᰳ˵Ҳֶ֮һȡϡ
ľѾ˵˸ţѶϢ˸ϸݡ
ǰʱ᰺ͺȶ۷ΪһһŮһӵβʹˣһӵѵһİβ֮ʣڵʱΪһ˫ڣΪϣͨʿ
ᰶԺżֺøУᰵĸȴһֱ䱣һ״̬
һżȻĻᣬȵõһйؾرڤ䡣
˵ҩͨõĸҩ֮һںȵ£Ȼͬ⣬һͬǰڤѰ
û뵽ǣνľڤȴǱ飬Ҫͬ޵ΪҩΪ˵õȾһͬжʹɱ֡
һ֮᰹ѲڣڻǱٵȥҲɢ
һ֣ĻҲûˡ
˽ǰ֮󣬲ɵ¶֮ɫ
ᰶе˽û˿νȫг֪ãҪǰһΪɡ
ϢóҹļƣһöԸĽɫ
ǰѾ۷ΪõᰵνľڤΪ϶һǳɾͨҲǲܵġ
˵ħ޷ͨӵ¶ʱڻ޷ᰱ
ڵħ֮ĲûʲôʱƣֻҪʱɵᰵĳŵͲʲôΣġ
¾սѾȥ࣬һֱ飬ȻѲ󾳣򲨹һˣڱˡ
һˣһΣܿ
ϲ˽󾳣ԶЫͷһɵķ˹
⼸ҹأˡ΢΢һЦ
ʱЫӦ飡ЫչһЦ
Ҫȥһ򲨹һˣܻҪõȻһǣһ䰲Ŀһ˵
Ы˵ͷ
ЩЫҲ֪һ˵ĻΪһڹ⣬Ļ«֮С
һӣΪһƬڹ⣬Ƿɶݶȥ
ֻǼĹ򣬱ʧˮ콻֮

ʮպǬٴƿնȥˡ
󾳵Ϊҹ̵ĸ·֮£ֻµĹ⾰һΧɽ
˴ȺɽԴȣⰻȻ֮ҲʮŨٲȻһѰĶ츣ء
ϳ򲨹ɽĵ֮ϡ
ʩչͼ󣬼ʿֻҪѰҲѷ˿ۼ
ֱ֮ϣ򲨹ǰʱüͷȴǽ
ΪһӪڵ򲨹Ȼ紫ţһսǽģ
һȥããɫˮм䣬ǧֻʣ˲ԫϱڣּľĺʹʯ·𱻸ֶֹϯһ㣬ǽڣǻΪСһʯɢڳи䡣
ΪýһЩ׵ͼƺ˵ǳյĻԻͣ䶥ˣȴӰһһġ
֮⣬ʱܿȺʿڳǳѲߡ
ּ򲨹ѾױӰǺ߶ռˣҽ˵һݵ㣬
ۼˣͷת
򲨹ȻѱݣƾΪİ˴̣ûһЩֵģΧѰһЩӳޣ˵ܹһЩص鱨
һڹһȻʧԭأһ̣˿û¶ټĳһǱжȥ

ĽԶΧѰ֮󣬳˲ʱӰѲС⣬һ
պվɽһɽɽңңĿ򲨹¶֮ɫ˼Ӧ֮ߡ
ڴʱһɫݹԲ˼ٶȣӲԶһɽϿշɶݶȥ
Ŀһݹ֮УȴһɫۣСӰߡ
ɢϢȻһڵޡ
ˣһһģ֮С׷˹ȥ
յĹɽǧһƬȺɽ֮ϣСɶٲ˿ûзѾβ
ڴʱĿкһһһɫ˲伤ڿһģ֮󣬻ûʮɫ⣬ĳС߷ϯȥ
ȴǲۼ΢΢һһƬƬۼ֣֮ͬʱɫħȼ𣬰һžı죬ֱ˲䱩һȦ
һΣʧԭء
СȻͻĹһ֮¸Ͻһһɿܹȥͬʱſ³һŻɫԲ飬һת֮£һƬɫϼϯһɫĻС
ƿնɫĻʱ˻ɫĻ֮ϡ
¡¡һ죬ɫĻһ£Ȼ֧
СߣɫԴͷȥ֮ʱȴǱѿһʱɫһס
һֻ̣䱳ڹһһ鲼ɫħֱۣڿлһɳĺߣݺݵĳǰ


1253 
ݸ߸ܵȭ磬ɫ䣬ȻдʣϻҹţȻֳһʮɴĻɫӰ
ӰȻףֻǰ֫צɳĺצâݺץħֱۡ
顱һ죬˲ײһ
Ӱצâһħ֮ϣȻ˲һڽɢ˿޷赲ȭ档
һ̣ڹһһźɫħ˲Сز
ݸ沿˲ûһ˿ѪɫľӰһʵ֮ȻɢһȭͷĻɫŴü֮һҪ˵ء
ۼˣֱһ̧һץȥʱռ䲨һһֻھצƾ۶ǻɫץס
ʩչֶնɱԷֻգ۵Ĺ󾳵ݸû˿֮
ɫۼϣһƮȻ
Ӱ峤ϣֻҪ²ɱңҪʲôҡ
û˵꣬¶һ˿֮ɫ˿䰧֮һգ
һѻ꣬ʵһ
ԭһĴԶҪĶ࣬˵ѽӰ峹׻
峤ʥڣܾͨѾ䣬ʿ֮֡
ݸ֪ϢУûбɱǵ򲨹ʱѾ˳ȥĴ׷ɱĲд֮ء
ݸߣǵõϢΪ˸һɵصѰ޵ġ
⻹㣬һϢ𾪲ѣӰ壬ܹ״һ壬Ϊһ֮ͨгһͽ
ɺϵĺܣͽᰵĳ˺ȡ
˽һ֮ĿâһһսһҽУݸߵľǶʱɢ
ȻϵĿ֮ѹһִ̧֮һŻ򣬱㽫ʬ廯Ϊһѻҽ
һкʩչͼϢһ·򣬳ݸ߼й޵Ŀɲصɶݶȥ
ͬһʱ̣򲨹һûʵĹ
ӰڴˣΧһԲһâӰм
Ӱ֮УһۺɫŮӣ񻣬òΪ֮ϵŮһ㣬üĿ֮ȴʱ¶޾ķ顣
崿ޣŮںһ˵һۿŮƲĿ⡣
ŮԵˣȴûж࿴Ůһۡ
һɫҰֽһɫۣһʮҵˣ֮ͫʱһ˸źͫһּΪɭĸо
һǸɫ멵ߣòƽƽ棬һ˫ϸ۾쳣䣬˾ļޱȡ
һһĪܣȻͨĴʿ
ŮɢϢͻߣҪ˼֡
мһޱȵͼڷ󣬴һɫ֮аһŵ˸ӡ
ֻгСοöǳͼɢԣƺ޾ɫϼ⣬һ֪һΪ챦
ŮиԷһۣһ࣬һâγ⻷ɫ棬ϵϵͼ֮󣬲ϵĳɫ͸ƺӡ
ɫâ˸ʱ͸һ⣬ױ㽫˷ļâ𿪣λ֮ͨ£Ȼ˿Ҳκβ顣
ֹãɫȻʯģ϶¶һ˿ɫ
ȻһĴ֮Ҳκβáüͷһ壬ջ֣е˵
߿кǺһЦҲ֡
ۼ֣ͣŮһ˿ãȴû˿¶һӣҲɢȥֱߵĹâ
̈峤αļʥѾ䣬ҲУкٻһʱ䣬Ȼܹ飬ʱɴؾˡ΢΢һЦ˵
ǵԼֻҪλմ飬һʥ֮λԸ⽫һܵ޾䱦壬ΪꡣŮйâһǳЦһ
ܼǵôԼȻã˴Ϊ㣬ʧҲǼġ߿˺һۣ˵
˵ˣҹͣʩչ飬ûһ˿ɹȥб䣬ҼǵŮ˺ѪѪͿʥЩģѱѪһ岻ִ¡ߴ˿̿ڵ
Ѫ壬ɫ΢΢һ䡣
СŮӲ峤֪һĴ֮ֻܹеı峤Դ߶СŮʵͫɫһЦһ˵ͬһŮһ㡣
ˣüͷһ塣
һ֮еУһһһʥֱܵΧ֮£Ѿʬ޴棬޷롣
Ȼӵİβʣββֻһβ֮еĲȴԵơ
˵޲ߣɫһ˵
Ϸ֪һһѪǴеľβ֮ʣܽŮǷл飿󣬿˵
ԣ϶ʱ¶һ˿ϲɫ˺ȡ
ȻѪǱϾûоУδġҴŮڴս֮УѾʥ͵͵˳ȥºҵˡһ̾˿˵
˶һۣû˵
ˣҲһӣ˵ɡϾǸѣպһĿһ˵漴ȡһɫ˼䣬һ֣һҹ⣬Ŵ֮⼤ȥ
λҲصģСѾ뵽һӣáȿߵĶһ˿Ŀ˵
Ŷȵ˵ʵ
СŮȻûнӴУ֪شѪ׼ͨʬ壬ʩչ׼֮顣ȵĿ˵
ͻŴԣɫ΢΢һ䣬δսλͨڣ䣬ʬڶУȴԵĿȷ
һֱ޷飬ؾһû֣Ҳòʧˡ
߻ۣɫһ粻
Ƭ֮󣬻ǻȴ˳ĬȻǺãȻ˷ЧǾһҲá
˳Ƭ̣Ҳ˵ͷ
ǺãͿʼɫһϲ˵һ֣һƬɫâС
ʱ֮󣬴ϿգһѪɫ𣬾òϢ


1254 ֮
г˴Ķһʱ򲨹ʿע⣬׷׶һָָЩ֮Ҫȥ̱ڴʮˡ
˳Ծǣâľһֱ˰ࡣ
ֱºһգĺɫź׵ĺȻɢͬδֹһ㡣
ͬʱ֮С
ڰգԭЩöǳͼöѾɢɫϼ⣬ʹŨɫâ
·һɫĺɫ£һ˫裬һûϷ֮С
屻һ㵭ѪɫâǣɢϢԱ֮ǰǿࡣ
䲻ԶĵϣһɴС쳣Ѫɫ󣬷֮Ѫɫʯʯϰ߸ɿݵĺǣ·ȫԪѪⶼեһ㡣
һ˺ӰһĻߴ˿վںȲԶ֮ʮɵľ룬ɫ죬ƺ˼ӡ
ֱ鱻Ĳʱ˲ĬĻһۣпʼ¶һ˿ϲɫ
ڴʱȿпʼдʣַһͣǰһ
ͷһβķӰڵͿմ
ͻȻβһֱûϷ֮С
ڲɫâ֮ҵķ߿ŴҲ֮
ˣ
߿ŴͬʱһͬĹâڰлһʵĲʺâ
߲ʺڰһһ𣬻Ϊһ߲С
һ̣ղһһСİɫռڣ߲иֶһĨĨϼ⣬ӿռ䶴ɢ
һ޵΢΢Щ԰ףиȷʵ޷Ƶϲɫ
ı˶ٴۣ顣
ҧеĿϲûб¶̫ࡣ
ȻˣӵѪطȻЧˡӰ߼ˣһЦ˵
ҲҪλæһ֮Ҳ޷һеġӯӯĶԶһ
ãȻؾѾ򿪣Ҳڴ˷ʱˣھͽȥɣؾ֮ӦûһЩҪƳɡ峤ĿһЩȲ˵
Ҳͷʾͬһ˿
˵꣬ҲûȺȴӦ廯Ϊһһâռͨȥ
ͬһĳڷȥȻӰ峤峤ӰʧڿռͨʱŮȴͣ΢΢һ̡
ɿĴӲϳһһֻİβ꣬ҧ⣬һھѪ˺֮ϡ
Ѫţ漴һѿ
ͬʱɽĳƫƧڣһѪһ֣ѸޱȵĳԶ۶ȥ
һк󣬺һ֣ȡһöɢ˿˿ķ
촽΢ºһһΪһŵɫâɢ
ţſڴӰһΣɫݹ⼤ںǰһһһӰ廤һ
϶ȥˣӰ廤̧ͷһ۰еͨ˵
峤£Ͱˡһ˵
³֮󡭡Ӱ廤һ߿˵ţȵĿ⣬ε¶һ˿а֮⡣
ȶͶ峤ĽʱֻҪ峤ԸȶԵȻһЦ֫һڣ˵ķ֡
ڰӰ廤¶֮ʱȴЦһһεû˰ɿռ֮ͨС
ˣҲȥɡӰ廤ˣɫһգԵĸ߸Ӱ廤˵

ʱ˿̣ɽ⣬һƵƧɽУԼɼɽ£һһ˶ߵɽ
Ǻֻܴɵӣһ⣬滹ָʮҡ
˿̵ĶУһɫװľɫŮĿյһʯ֮ϣִվľۼŶʮɫ۵ʿ
ЩŮΪߣ浤ڵӡ
װŮһͷٰĳ˿ûȻɫмֲ԰ףȴ˿ڸǲգһֽС
ŮǵϽ棬йһ֮Ե
ͻȻ˫ۡ
ؾѾˡ
ʲôĪѾˣһòݵüͷһ˵
Ȼӵаβ֮ʣûܹ峤УôһѪ¶ƣ֮ɫϸü꣬
ЩѾҪˣ֮Ǿҵ֮ˣ跨ǰǣ´㡣ɫ˵
򲨹ԲڣӰˣ治֪жܹӶݵ⴦ܾݵˡϸü̾˿˵
ԣɫ׷һ
ۼˣϱɫֻ֣һ˲Ĺ򣬱ָ˳̬ŻȻ˵ڴģպҪַһĵͽӦеĴۡ
˫ȭָǶ֮ȴȻ֪
ҵȲֻ̰֮֮ҪҵȻһ죬ȻȫϸüüͷһȻǰ˵
Ҳ¶Ȼ֮ɫİڵء
λǸóƴͳףΪľгһܹһ塣оĻǧҪν𣿡ͷ΢΢һȣɵ˵
ڴʱӰһΣһӶ첽˽Ȼһʿδоʹ˵ˣӰ߶ˣѾˣ
ϣǷͷߣȳɳ뿪ѪͿʥ֮ӦҲ쵽ˣϵĻȥǣǱ߻ϡɫһԥ˵
㡭ԣɫһ
ڳĶʮһʿҲ׷վ¶֮ɫȻԸʹȥ
ԣ˵ɣǵĿңҴ֮ڴǣסǣʱа취ĻӰһεĳȥ
⡭ӰֹƬ̺һţת׺ֹסҪȥʿ
֮ɽУ˿վŰʿӶ˷׷׷ɶݵǰĻм䡣
һԶٱٸڵ㣬һӣһӵľзӭ籩
ţֻдһɬѶһڵķԴԴϵû˾֮С
ͬʱɽȺ󷽣׹һһʮɴСİɫɳȻ֣һɫ⣬߷ȥ
ĿһƳο֮ɫȻӿ˼֡
һ̣һƬɫϼӰеľгһɴСİβӰһβһҡ֮£ɫϼɾ˲仯һ޴ɫĻٵĳ˷ӿɽС
ʱԶƿ֮˲ٵݹ̶Щ¶ķȻӰʿ


1255 ټ
Щ˷һֳκ󣬱ֳμӪ
ɫģȻһʿԼĪңŻɫ۵ģӰһʿȻûһ࣬Ҳн˵ӡ
Щ޴ӵлڣ浤ΪΪ׵ˣȻޣʵٲȻǿֹ
һߵʿһٸ˫ĿͬһӰߵһݵĺˡ
һǰˣɵ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ٺ٣Ȼһʵֺαؿ˵ĽˣֻҪͷ̱ܳΪһˡӢ٣ΪֲͣνɲŮòֶΪأٸһ̣˵
ϻ˵б¾ȡͷԣһص
һ㻹ΪԼո߸ϵĵڶˣȻ㾴ƲԳԷƣͱǲˡӰˣ¶˵
֪ͼֻ۰βĻȻܳͨһҲҵİɣˣαִأٸȰ˵
ȴˣרעĴ߶зעͼڷ֮С
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Сġ
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һҲһһɫ⼤Զķƿնȥ
ֻԭһ֮Уһһɫֶͬɫһ±ѿΪһɫ
ԶԶȥʮ׳ۡ


1256 ˮ
ٸԼ͵Ϯ׾ʶƣһ˿ŭ֮ɫ
Ȼȴûлͷμ׹¶·ɫɽ͵һȣʱһɾݺݴ˺˵ϣ˲ͷŴһ֮Ѫ御Ա֮С
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ڴʱӰȴȻѿڹɿǰһȥٶ֮죬ݲٸӦ˲佫С
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߰˵Ӱӷ֮Ϊ׵һźɫۣͷӣȻڵΪ֮⣬һڵٸ֮ǰߵĺ˵ľҲڴ˴˶һЩ浤ˡ
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ʩչ֮ټ޼׾ӳ֣һ·ɳʱŽŻ˶١
Ѿɳ൱һξ룬ڼ仹˺üηûֶΣ˿϶޷׷ǵģ˴˿̾ˮҲѾԶ
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ĸ״˺Ѫʥ鲻ѪˣӦǿסġһ漴һص㡣
ȡһͼ򣬺ܿҵ˵ĵص㣬ȻڲԶˡ


1257 
΢΢ͷҪ⳯ȥɫһ䣬Ȼתķ
֪ʱֳһκӰѸޱȵıƽ˹еٶȿ˼һ
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û뵽Ԫһȴ磬µ
ʱ˿̣ҶüҲһϳս侲ҲȻ֮ɫ
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ߣѪ嵱ǳŵκβģĪҪҷԣЩδ
ѾʵֺαظϾɱѪԣÿɷĻ˵


1258 ȷ
ӰҢһѪɴԣɫһ۹˸
Ѫڴʱǣ£ʼδġ
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ҶüŮ˿̿ɿ⣬ͣס壬ɫޱȡ
ڴʱԭڵĵطâһһۺɫӰֶ
Ůò䲻ȴ˼ֳģͬν֮ˣ˿ϹŵЦݣѪУӳĵĸӷˡ
㣬ȣһȵӰ̸ֳ̹֮ǵĳޡ
Ҫⲻı壬һ߷ǰ˵
Ŀ˺ϣ֮иֳһ˿Īļ¶
ڶԷֵɲǣͷĳͼڣһ£ͬʱĵһڲϸҪֻǰɫŮӡ
ȻħĵԵʣһ˿ִʶһ˳УŻֱ𵴡
һǰȻֻǺһʵ֮ǿԶ󣬾Բܹ׽Ķ֡


1259 ս
õͦ죡ոһ£ҿǶģҪЩˣ˵δû뵽޶ˣ̺ĽȷЦһ˵ǡ
ȣΪҪһ壡ĸ㲻㾡ȫ֮ɹͨ𱨣ѵԺħɣ֮أһ˵
Ǻǣµ㻹Ժҵ۶ԱĪ˵㣬ĸҲԶԶȲҵġҾʹĸ׽һ䣬һؾ飬ƶ𣬲ֻ̣ҪĲħȻ϶ɳˣȷɫȻ䣬Ͻ֮ɫһɨա
ƶ𣬲̡Ŵ˻зһ˿ĸоҲŻһ£һ̣Ŀ˲ָ
ĻΪȻƾ˲֪СкȻ
ڴʱһֻɫצӰ֪ʱѾٵͷϷâ棬Դץ¡
һſһɫ˷ɫצ֮ϣʹ׹֮һͣͬʱһȻţһ߽ɫɿ측֣˫һ棬ֵס˷ɫצ
Ȼתһֽһߣһɫ⼤նͷ
ȷӰһĸֶָâ˸ҪץԴ
ҶüŮһƬɣȻ˻֮С
ֽɫ߲ƣâţһĻΪһɾ޽һͷ޽֮ϸǸֳһɫ绡˺ȷȥ
ȷգһϷɫâţָ˸Ȼֱ̽ɫâ֮Уֱӿɫ绡
ǡһ죬ɫâʱɢץסһ೤ɫɽ
ɽһû˿ô
һֽ꣬žһ죬Ӳϳأ
ֽȻֻһѼƷǴ˽˶ָ꣬ʹû뵽ȴ
˿ʹϧ֮ɫûУ϶һɺסҶü壬Ů˹ִûҶü֮С
Ůһָ̻ǡ
Ҷüãɫһ԰ףȵĿ⣬Щš
ĻΪȻﵽľ磬һһ׹޾֮Уⲻܡ
ȷЦһûд𻰣֮ӿ˴Ƭķɫâܿ۳һֻ޴ޱȵӰβ趯
˿¶˾ɫͬ˷ۺɫĹâ۳һ޴࣬౳Ȼžβ͡
ķӰȻȺȶһβͣ۴СǷǿԷźܴĲࡣ
ۼ˾֮оһ漴¶һ˿Ц⡣
Һܸлʱһ棬Щһ飬ûжٹϵ㻹ǴλѪĵ뿪ɡȴһۣзɿ˵
ҶüԣĿľϿ˼ۣתȴû˵
һҲڴ䣬һ˺ˡһֱӵǰ
Ŀһתϸֳһ˿ɫ
ǰʿȻֻڵΪ͸ĸо˼ּɵ
ȵȣȻֻһҲܿġȴɫһ䣬æ˵
õģˣ˵ֻĶӣֻһһЩյġңҺʹŮҲЩԹҪ˽ᡣɫƽ˵
Ŵ˻ɫһ
ҶʦҲǣ˿һЩת׶Ҷü˵һ䡣
˻¶һ˿ɫ
ûʲô͵طһŨīĺΪģһǿĺɫ͵ظֶǿ֮ķ͵ɢ
Ҷü˶ʱһ֮ԶԶ˳ȥƿɺ󣬲ס塣
Ůĵж¶˺Ȼɫ
ӴǺôĿҵҪڵʿжı¡ȼˣһ
İβමȻǣβ˲۳ʵ壬漴βһʧӰ
һ̣Χղһ𣬰βȻֶŵӰ˲·һϡ
ƺûзӦ㱻βͲס塣
϶ʱ¶˵ЦݣֽգһŹֵķ
βâţ˴˲һγ˾޴Բͬʱ䶯漷ѹȥ
˾ɫ䣬һҪ˹ȥ
һ£˼ԲᷢȻǰô˵ضԼĴ㡣Ҷüȴǰ˵
ɫһʱͣΡ
ڴ˿̣ȰβγɵԲֹͣʼͿ
ƺһɾ޴ޱȵһ㣬һĿâβ͵ķ϶м
ͣ
֮УȻֳһĺɫצâһĶȵİβ͵ɢȻмϳأ˷ȥ
ɫ䣬âһâ࣬ƺܵĴˡ
һӣӰһģص֮У۾ǰ
ǰ建ֶ˿Ѿ䣬ֳһɫħƣħƤϳϸܵƬָһȻոյĺâ˫ַ
ǿħ˷ȥ
ħɫ䡣
ԭϲɫ˿̵̬Ҳʱ
Ҷüо֮ɫһţָܿƽ
㾿Ǻˣʵ
·ûȵʣֻԹԵĻһ塣
󾳺󣬻״ʩչħ֮壬廹ЩӦǿ
ŭɫһһָһɫƥͷն¡
˵ֱһ̧һɫħƹâһָźɫƥһץȥ
ͣ
·޴һɫצâֶһŵĳյƥ̶ƿ֮
꣡
ɫƥںɫצâǰ·𶹸һױնϳ˼أԭһ䵶
ɫצâƲ˥źȼȥ
һֻҲһӣȴϸ߷ɳĺļ
ɫڴ䣬ٴӿۺĹâһ࣬ǰ
֮ǰС࣬Ȼ֮ǰԪԵʡ
ۡۡצâ߽ʵʵնϣ
ڴ˿̣ղһһɫӰȰ㸡ֶħ
ɫȻ䣬ûת壬ؿ֮Ϻڹһðֻۼ׵ơ
壬Ȼ˫̸ִ˶Դ
ͺһ˫͵ȵȻ˺롣
ȵǷûûѪ⣬âһΪѵžΪӨмƮɢ


1260 
еҲźȷɢɿɢȥ˿вķ⣬ΧһƬƽ
һɫħƷɿˣۼҲΪ˺ڽ֮С
תۼ䣬ֱԭͨģ
ħȻ˲ǿսǶҲӾ磬һ½Ǻ󣬷ȡöָĵҩȥ
һŴ£ҶüЩĿɿڴĿһŮһۣǰҶüںķ˹
㡭ǵϽУǸ𣿡ߵʮɾ봦ͣסΣһ˫´ۣƺЩȷӡ
㲻ţҿԽľ˵һ顣飬ЩЦкһ˿Ц뷨
ˡƺͻȻ뵽ʲô˫նʱһĨ죬æҡҡͷ
ѵ¶ֽߵ̬ҪٵЦ䣬ĸоһĿ⡣
ĿһתǰҶüϣһͻæ顣
δ벻ڵʵѾﵽ̶ֳȣոյħҪ˵֮ʱҶüջ̾һ
˵ǻ뿪ɡﻹڣոյսС»Щ޵ע⡣üͷһĿ˼ۣйâ΢Ļ«һ˵
ҶŮȻᷴԣ΢ɨһսһųˮԱ򼲳۶ȥ
ͬʱһؿռ֮С
˴͵֣ɽˮƣŨ֮˼ɾһ㣬ڵɽмƵӡ
ĳԴɽ֮УһԲĶԲθ̨Уһ㵭ɫ͸Ļĵ£̨С
ĻгŵɫȣӰʥʥɵУɫȻ
ͻȻΧɫһ󷭹иֳֻ߰ӰÿһͷӰٲȻ߸β͡
һ˵ĳ˹
ЩӰȻÿһͷɢϢͨǰȻ䣬׷׷һɢ
ͻȻɫ΢΢һ䣬ϴŵһֻһöԲȻѿ
һһſڣһѪɫò԰˼֡
ʲô˲֣Ȼҵһ߷ѵȺͨܣͷתȴ˿ɫ
ȵѣǷ˺£ĪӰƣˣӰʥüͷһת׿˹
ûʲô£ͼӰʥˡɫ΢䣬漴һЦ˵
𣿡ӰʥٺһЦ¶һ˿ζЦݡ
ȥӰҪͨˣСˣɱ𹦿һ񣡡ʥĿһɨ˫Ŀȴһ˿âһ
˸̥ûеƣֶľȺ

ˮǰ
ȥûãһİĺӰԶϢķɳ˹ȻӰ˼ɵľǡ
ɾСӰŵϵսɨһۣ¶˼ηɫ
ոȻ˵ؼԶĵطǸо˼Ϊҵķк²ѡ
ͻȻֵʿȻͨܵķҲնɱʵԶԶʶޱȵĸܵŨħ
Ȼֻһţȴʵޱȵħ֮˳̶ȵħֻ֮ħ½ĸ߽ħˣпӵеġ
Īǣ˾ǡ
ȥķһ˿δ˷֮ɫʼԥǷҪȥˡ
Ͼ״̬һԷ֣·һ
˵ʵԷħݣϢһĴ½Ǳؽ½췭ظ𶯣
Ĵ½˴еһѪ壬ħйᣬѵ幫Ҳйϵǳӡ
ʱ򣬲֮ǰӰɱ˳֮٣һٴݻѪвǰӰҲܽ˵λ
һ󣬴ǽռϷ磬һҪ׷ȥ
ڴ˿̣֮һ㼤һģ֮£̴˼ɵľǡ
ɾǷһҽУ֮ϺȻ̳һϸСĿնһɸʴζɢ˳ȥ
ȼɾӦһɽɫâӵ漤档
ɷ֮ĺУǺСͣСӰһϴͼѳȥڽ֮Уû˿á
һЫӰӵص׸ֶзһವһɵľǺ޷֮Ыһȥ
Ы˸ã¶һ˿֮ɫ漴Ϊһ⣬Զȥķ׷˹ȥ

Ϊ˰׷٣˳ˮӺǱһһҹȷ˸ٺŶһƫƧĻɽ֮С
ڳһʯңֲһ󷨣һкۼ˿
ôԶ׷ӦòôˣϢһ󣬵ȻָԪټ·ɡһ
սʩչħ֮壬ȷʵҪһЩʱָͷ
ҶüԣֱھԶĵط
˴Ƨ·ķ޶ûУټŮƺ˭Ը˵Եüž֮
ȻҲʶһ㣬ɫЩڨȻղ֪
΢Ҳ֪ά˶ãҶüһۣվ߽һʯҡ
һᣬʯұһâ֣Ȼ沼ơ
̾˿ת׿ҶüҶüҲ˹˵Ŀһ
Ҷüɫһ΢죬ʶƿĿ⡣
Ҷü⸱飬¶Цݡ
˵ԼҶü龰ˣȴЩ֪
Ҷʦ壬ںʷһ벻ջĴ½̾˿˵
ʦ־ͲˣڵΪԶԶңֱӳƺ־СҶü˰֣
ҲáԣҲĵ˵ͷ
ʹսʱȥҹ㣬Ŀū붼ʧˣЩ꣬Ƭ̣Ҷüʵ֮ɫࡣ
ʱҡԼץ뺣׿󶴣֮Եɺ֮ͨռѷ޵Ԩ̶½˵һ顣
ʮǰһżȻĻص˲׺֮֮ڷɽһһƣ֮ϡͿĴ½һʱŽԼЩľ˵һ顣
ƵĻѾͲͬ˵Σһȴ˵꾡ʵġ
˵ĹУȴɵøֳһʡ
ԴʼƺʱΪԭڸ½֮رʱռѷ֮ĶһѵֻżȻ


1261 Ů
ҶüЩһʱЩʧĬȻ
ˣƴ֮ʱȥѰҹ㣬˵ںʹս֮ûñ㲻֪ˡȴ֪ΪλĴ½Ѫ壿󣬿Ҷüһۣʵ
ûЩľǰɽżһһͷڻְǸһѣֻշˡֻҲû뵽ֻѪһͨƴ½һͶӰ֮ұ㱻ǸͨرֱӴĴ½ЩһֱѪҶü˵
ԭͷΪΡĿһҶü߸ͷԥһ£˵еɻ
ڳˮӸտҶüʱע⵽һ㣬һֱмʧС
ϾŮ̷˽Ϊ˫֮ı־
һԸһЩҪ鷳ѡҶüԣһƽ˵
ԣвɵôһ
ˣƴ½ΣҶüԥһ£һתʵ
ڣŵĹУԶ֮ϣ뿪֮ãȻΪ
ƴ½һаã㲻عһ̵ּĽʿʹĹ˵һ顣
ҶüԣҲ˿
ʱһ󣬲ƺĻرĳ⣬ֻѯһ»ĿǰĽ󣬱Իصʯұչؾ
ҹʯ֮С
˫һ꣬һ֣ڴһž죬Ƶĺʱ׷ûڲӰ󻺻۾
յĴޣķ嶼Ѿȫָ˹һ߳ʯҡ
һ߳⣬ȴ΢΢һ
ԶһߣһŰɫװٻӰվ
ŮǱˣ
֪ʱѾʯң˿΢̧Ϸ
ԭĴӪڣɽķ
УǳܲһԲϣһĨɫ¹⣬˵ϣһıӰһ޷֮Ȼ
Ĺȣˡ
Ŵ˾һʱЩ
Ų΢΢һת
ڻع̶֮ɫ
֮УϵأʱӦ޷Ȭǡ
Ȼ˿ȴɫ糣Ȼ˿˵ӡ
ϵѾ𣿡üһʵ
ҪҪӳûʱָʩչ˱һԪѾʱָˡ˵
ǺãȻѾû⣬ȥһҶѣ̳΢һĬ˵
ǸҶӣǰʶҿʦ壬ĪҲǸ̫ŵˣ̹Ȼʵ
⵹ǣͬһط̫ŵӣ¡˵Ժлٺϸ˵ɡ˵
ԣͷ
Ŀһվһԣû߿
ѣҺܸлǰ򲨡㣬ҿ´ʱⶾ֡Ͻ˵ʵ㹻ңҵ˼ʵܳɹ󾳣а취Ĵ½Ҿ͡ҾͺΪ˫ް¡ֻһ٣Ϊһ縺˱ΣԴԴӽԺһնһгԵһĿޣ飬ѵһΣȴ˵ĺáԿɳΪѡκ̧ͷ¶˾һ㣬۾˵
ˣú󣬲̾˿Ļ˵һʱ򣬱µܻı⡣ȻˣôҲľĳеһλ֪Ҳˡ
л½⡣΢΢һͷһ󣬱Ƶߵһԡ
ٻӰȴʧ䲻ѡ
Ҳǳ˸֮ˣܿʰ飬Ҷü޵ʯңִһ
Ƭ֮ʯҴŴ򿪣Ҷü˳

ڶ峿ͶŮϢĴڳˮӱߵһƬ֮С
ҶǷ֪ѪɵѿеѪӭʹδʵ
ʵֻѪʦ֮ʡΪ˲ע⣬Ѫ˲Ǻܶ࣬ǴӲͬɽġҶüΪ΢˵
˵ĻҪķЩˡ˴ѪأȫٷеĻҲҪһ£ߡӰǶ壬ưոݵġԣ¶֮ɫ˵
ҵһݾֻҪðЩգλҵĻԸҶüһ£һۣ˵
ȻҶüкλɣʾͬ⣬ȻЩɣҲûиõİ취ûҲûзԡ
ǣ˻âһʢȻֱӹһ䣬һɶݶȥ

֮󣬼һշת֮£һɭֱԵ
ǰľʵһ
Ƭɭīޱ޼ʣֱ쵽ʵľͷ
֮⣬ƬɭֵϿҲͬī֭һŨܵĺƣһȥӵأ·ǰĲɭ֣һɺڰɵһ㡣
ۼˣɫ΢΢һ䣬ЩƵ˵Ҷѣ֪˴ΪεأȻҵ
˴İɭȻСֻҪҵȴﴩڰ֮ڻصǣ;ܵκġҶüƽ˵
˻֪ҴСڴˣûб˵صΣˡľ\ľǴ˵еľԷڳһֺɫµĻ£Żʹ￴ҹһ㡣Щ̺һĶԣʶ˺СԽ߿նۻԽǿʹ󾳵ʿҲڸ߿շɶݶµǣİɭ֮УۼһΪʳħϵȺͳޣ޾Щħϲ\ľɢĶƽձ\ľУʳɫΪһ֣Щħϱһӿʱʹʿ޾ħǰҲ߶Ըû嵨СĿ£һ˵
һ˻Ҳһ
һԵҶüȴû¶ʲô֮ɫ˵ԲʱʦѾǵ˴£Ҽ¿Ա֤ȷƽƽĴƬİɭ֡
ҶüĻȻʲôɣϾİɭȻֲƾԼʵͶ٣Աݵġ
Сģˣ
Щ֮ʱȻŮһ漴һתĳƬգʱ쳹λȻѾˣֺαعأ
ҶüЩʱһͳԶ
Ǻǣ벻һڵʿʶ֮Ȼ˲еˡ
ԭһأһ
âһ֮󣬺Ȼ߳ʿ


1262 
УΪ׵һɫۣòмӢӣֻƬ촽Щ
˿ӢһֲĿ⣬شţ˫Ŀͫ׵ͫһ޶ʱ׹ѡ
ֱ࣬վһһŮʿֻòЩ졣
ŮĿֻʮֻ߰ͣ¶Ƥϣ鲼ϸܵĺڻɫƬҲ⡣
е뷢߰ףò󣬻ʬɱ쳣ͬһ߰ʮ̡
ɢϢȻ󾳵ǿߣΪ׵Ӣ꣬ڵΪ
һӵò֮󣬵˵һ䡣
ɽҰƼˮ꣬ԵֵġӢһЦ˵
ûд𻰣ֻĶ
Ǻο࣬ڻۻ֮أ幫ʵñ۵ĺܣֻҪӦӵ˫ް£ҲԵȾٴ⣬ƾԴܵõĴ˵Ļĳٹʱ䣬ͨ޸ΪޣûݵġۼĬļ˵
㻹İɣҺ޲ýʬΣңǰʲô˫ޣһһһ˵
ʵЩģҷ،߹ҺúúһΣԣЦЦ˵ǰ
ڴʱ΢΢һεģҶüǰޱĿ
ҶüڳΪͣʼɫƽǰʱȴ
ȴʶĿǰһۣȴżָ֮ɫ
һڵʿҲһ£ˣĿȻһ
ĳţ̸µͨжࡣҲ˵
ãããΪߣӵСȻˣӽվͳȫ㡣ŭЦ
һַһڣ˫һչϼţȻһͷ޷࣬ȴһ߽ɵɫߣ˶ͷ­гɫ£֮͡
ŴͬʱһţɫһһӰڼȥ
ƺ׼һ𵭽ɫˣƵľޱǰһĺɫֶž˵ӭȥ
顱顱֮Ӱմ
֮к̺ɫâļײУӰͺɫ׷ɢ
һ̣ͷ߷Ѫһŵʹܳͬɳĵɫ˷սһ
ȻɫͷȣСһȴ˿
ֻĵɫȭӰɫ޴䲻ͣҵײնŤ
ͬʱ߷Ӱ·Ӱһɵͬʱ֣֯һ𣬶߾ʹ˸
һһأߴľȻ¡
һ֮£ɫޱȡ
ô˻ᣬŮªҲʼҶü˷˹
ֻŮͷûһһͷӰſ³ڻɫĹڿ໥֮֯󣬷·߻˺ҧһ㣬ȥ
⼸յʵҲѻָ߰˰ˣЦһ˫ַһߡ
һ
һͷɴСһѩɫβҡڲպɨ֮£ƬƬƸֶڻɫȥ
һ쳹ա
߶ʱײһ𣬻ͬʱɢʧȻƽɫģ
һսŵҶüʱȴ
ªʩչķӰһƤͷĹߣɿ֮ƣɢ̱ǶȻ֮ͬСɡ
Ҷüֻ浤Ϊ潻ڳª̵Ķ֣ȻˣŮƾ辫ܺ͹ӰһȻֲ̫ʱġ
ªۼԼһʿһʱκβһ浤ŮޣɵòȻŭ
ȻһſڣһŰɫԲ飬һ֣С
һ
еĹӰȻ֣ţƸӼ
Ҷüɫһ䣬ЩӦ˲Ͼ֮ʣԽһһֻЫ˲֡
Ы
ʱĹЫ壬Ͻţ֮оȻɳһֻʮɴĽɫЫӰڿһ֮󣬺ȻҶüǰ
ĽڹâһʢһɫϯŹӰݺݴȥ
ªֻͻȻֵĹЫ浤ΪЩΪ⣬һ̣ȴȻɫһ䡣
ɫ͹߷ӴǣӰȻֻƬ̹򣬱㱻ֱӶֱª̶ȥ
ª̴֮£ȻһΣ֮յĶ˽ɫĹ
ͻıʣڳ˶һ
ۼЫȻҲɵ¶֮ɫ
Ыһ֣㽫ª̵ƻΪУҲٿؽз֮ơ
Ҷüڳ󣬼æһԣһͻȻһѪɫƵѣ촽һĵ
һ̣һĻˣ
һˡͳİɭӵصĺһ󷭹£һƬɫ糱ˮпӿ
һ㣬ԼĪʮɵĴС󣬺ɫһ±ǵأİɭǰĴնסˡ
ЩɫУһָֻֻڴС״ϳ棬ȴƺӶһ㣬޷ȥ
ãŮܹʳħϡª̿ʣʱ󾪵˵
ԽѸֻգ۵ĹЩɫħϱ㽫Χס
ǵصħϣȴһ˼һ̣⣬ֱӻ˱壬һ͵ͷߡ
ħһӵϣſͬǯһݣݺݵҧ֮ϣܲ͸Ƭ£޷κ˺ӡ
෴вħžž֮УӶصķ˳ȥɳ֮ԶıѶ
֮£ŮӺͳªȴЩһҪЫսҪЩ޿ײħϹȻʱû̫⣬֮£Ҳɵһæҡ
ڳĻŹ˺õĻᣡ
˫һչƹ⳯߷ɾʮɽĳ
дΣʮɽһת֮£Ȼâţһɫɽ壬ͬƬĺɫˮâ˷ϯ
һʱ䣬з仯֮ͣ£ȻԲڣΪһƬֺ嫵ɽ硣
ʮɽ۴αȵУʮīĳ̸ڵĴУ֮£ɢ޾ĻɫԼصڤˮ


1263 ĦƳ
ɽӴֵ̫ͻȻ޲֪УС
ɫϼ⼰ɫˮ֯£ֻһ·ʩǧһ㣬жóٻ쳣һ¾ʧ
Ŀɫһβһ˦͡ǧߴмʱһıѶΧĴƬʳħϻΪС
Ϊߣһ֮£Ƕݳʮɾ룬ҪʹӳɽӴ
ڴʱǰʮУȻһ󲨶źڹһӰֶ
ֻǴ˿̵ƬٲȻһħģ
ԣ㾹Ȼǡ
ͷĿͬʱ֮ɫδ䣬һħȭӰӿֻһɹϢľһ£ú滰һӲ˻ȥ
֮£һŤıҪһ
ڴʱɫϼϯʹ䶯ٴһħȭӰԼͷ­
žͷ­ʱһſڣƬɫǰһ㻡η֣ħȭӰǰ·ʧȥãûеֵıȭӰһû롣
һ̣ܼĺȭӰ޵ͷ­֮ϡ
žͷ­·ϰıһ飬ѪĽ
šһ
ħ赭д˫һ壬˺룬ħѸڣ侫Ҳδӳ
̸ɾ䣬û˿ˮ֮С
Уͷ߷Ҳ֮Ȼɢ֮Գֵĵɫˣ֪ʱҲͬħģ
ԶŮӺͳªۼˣŵɫҪȴѾˡ
˱ЫħϵΧ£ЩӦ˲ϾɽӴ󣬸û˿Ŀܡ
ڶ¶֮ɫʱеħ˫һڷйЮźɫħ棬Բ˼ٶȳ˼ȥ
̼ۡʬ׷룬Ϊһ̯飬Ҳûһ˿ΧħҲħ֮£һա
ڴʱಡһЫһ˵ˣʬɷ񽻸Ы
ԣ뵽֮ǰЫûĽɫЫӰһ±˵ͷ
Ыͬ⣬ϲһ߷üɳһɫϼ⣬ʬһͱһ𣬻һɺûĺɫ«
ҶüȻ֮ǰͼʶնɱȵΣ˿ΧưɽӰĿնɱǿߣԲһ쳣
ʱ˷Ӱָ˱ģһΧɽӰҲȻɢʮɽıС
һεķɵ˶Ůǰ˵һضҵȻǸϽ뿪˴ɣ
Ҷѣû´ĻղſħϵķӦѪĿħѰɣֲţܹԽİɭ֡ع΢΢˵ͷ뵽ʲôһ㣬ת׿Ҷüһۣ˵
Ҷüԣһ֮кȻѪɫº󣬲Ż˵ħѶԷʶĲСֻӦ֮áѪһƵĳټףȫڱʳħϵĸ֪ϴĻɰȻİɭˡ
԰գһѪɫ˲䳯ȥ
ֽӹִֻ쳣ʶķųһɨȻֺ
ӹҲɫһɡ
Ҷüһ»Ϊһ⣬һȵİɭַɶݶȥ
ˣȻҲæȥ
ֻգ۵Ĺһ˱ʧããɫ֮С

ºİɭֽӵĦɽݹ⼤һɽϿͣ
ݹȥ¶еһŮҶüˡ
˿һƣģϵҲѵĺۼȻгħ׺Ϳħѣ˺ᴩİɭʱҲ˲СĿͷ
ǰȫˣӰˣĵӣҲ׷ѪΧҶü׿һۣɫһɵ˵
Ŵ˻ҲһӣİɭַһۣЩȻ
ע⵽飬Ҳ̾˿
Ϊһȴ׸˳ӴԺܻܿҪ£Ȼʧĺܡ
ô˵ҸطŰɡ˵
ҼǵóɽһĦƳǣǾ͵Ϣһ°ɡҶü
˵ͷҲûзԵ˼һ֣˴ۣ˷Ϻۻһɫݹ⣬Ҷüָķ򣬷ɳ۶ȥ
Сպ󣬼˷ɳɽһռĴĳǳǰҶü˵ĦƳǡ
ĦƳȻܺȣѪ֮£Ҳ쳣
ǳ֮ѪӭƮҡʿӳǳصļŽƵһɷƽľ󣬺񴦴սֱ֮
ھĦƳǲԶһƬСɽ˷ۣ󣬱һڡ
λѿҪǣѪĹأÿʯһŻ˹ǿ˶Ϊ֮ˣ̬Ϊ
Ҷüû˵ȡһƴСĺɫƣڼǰһ¡
ԭִ´ˣСðˡŻ¶˹ɫҶüһÿ˵·
Ҷüƣ߽˳ǳء
벻ѪλҲͣǸִ³ϡҶüһۣЦ
ĪҪȡЦˣѪУֻΪܵγһְʦϲ£ŸŪһִ³ơҶüɫ΢˵
ԭˡǺһЦû˵ʲô
棬Ҷü˵Ц龰Ѿ˾һ˿ʹһƺҪеĳ³ȥ
ǲ廹̫ǿЩҸطϢɡ˵
һۣĬȻĵ˵ͷ
˼ӿ˽Ųһһֵ֮ϣԶһҿȽϸɾĿջ
Ҫ߹ȥͫ׺һǰһӰһʮĺٸȰǰЦĿˡ
˲֮УԽ䱸ͬʱʶںٸɨɫ΢΢һ䣬ʶȻ˿ǰ˵Ϊ硣
ͨܣȻʲôһ
ˣ
Ҷüǰ֮ˣȴæǰһ񣬾ϲ˵
ɫ΢΢һ䣬˿ǰͨܣѪˡ
ضѽǸӰɣҼǵýҶüԱλһ˰ɣٸҶü˵ͷ漴Ŀϡ
һ
ҺĸʥǰҲйһЩ飬һ飬ҲźѪأҿԱ֤ûܹ˺ˡٸ̾˿˵
лǰһ˿Ȼ


1264 ͬ
ﲻ˵ĵطҽɡٸ˵ţĿһۣת߽˿ջ
Ҷüһ񣬼Ҷü΢΢ͷ߽˿ջ
ջ濴ûʲôرȴǲСҶһЩŶСԺǳ徲ǺʺϹʿݾӡ
û˵źٸ߹հ˹յ߽һµСԺ
һ̤ţȴȻѾվŶʮʿӰɫ԰ףƺˣûȬӡ
Щ޵۴Ȼ֮ǰɢ˵һʿ
ǡһԺеһʿ϶ʱ¶˴ϲɫһΣӽСԺ


Щ޿Ҳǳһ۾ЩʪΧ˹
˺һᣬƿΧˣߵ˺ٸǰٴιһ
лǰЩͬ塣
ؿⲻЩ֮Ͷѡ˰˰֣˵
վһߣĿ΢΢˸
һ·֮ϣʱԼἰսʥ֪ʤ㲻ߣѪѪͿʥĳס
Ѫ֮ԻԮǣܴйء
ȻѾѪأǰȥʥɽѪͿʥҪһġ˻˵
Ŵԣɫһ漴Ƭ̣ڵȻѪͿʥǰټȻȥ
˵˻ת
ѣЩӳչˣպǡлᣬضᱨݶ顣
˵꣬˵ţһ
ƽȴ̾˿ֻһ
һպҲ֪ʱܼˡ
ٸĿɨйâ΢ȴû˵
󣬱˻صЩȺУм̸
ˣһҪһ£һͬǰȥԮѵѪǰ֣˺ȷ͵ϮѾ䡣Ҷüǰһ买˵
ǰձѻϤֻû뵽ȻǺԶ֡һ֮һ˿ɷ
漴Ŀһתϣ¶һЩЦ˵ɣЩʱѾͷ㡣˵֮ǰƵĽմǵǰѪæ
ǰˣ͹ĽףҲлٵġæǫѷĻص
αعǫ˵ΪߣӰǶ嶼ɳ൱ʿһҲԳˣȸɳ˷£ܹƽĦƳǣӦöǶѰɡĿһºͣĿ⿴ƽǷ·ܹ͸һ㡣
ͣǿ˺ǿȹЩѣ²Ҿӹġһһ
Ǻǣ˲ţѪһǼΪӭģԺϾɽ͡ԴѣҲûеƣһת˵
лᣬһǰȥݷáͷˬĴӦ˿ûǰȥĴ㡣
˴һУѾױ¶ԼʵĻɱһ飬ºܿҲع⡣
һ͵ֱӵߣӰȺټϺͨܣ͵ѴΪΥȻԸȥӽѪˡ
ҹ·ڴ˵ȺúհɡҶʦֶúдѡ嵭һЦתҶü˵
ǣ֪ˡҶüæӦһ
˵ͷ漴һӣһźɳסʿһźɫڿն
֮УŮαģ
һ̣źɫһ֮£㻯һļߣתۼʧ֮ˡ
ҶüڿջſĿ˵ȥ󣬶˲һۣƺӶԷУ˼Ȼ֮⡣
ֻУ˼ʧ֮С
ֻһЩʯջҪһ徲СԺԺӷܶ࣬סҲ˿ӵ
һ㹤
վ徻СԺ֮У˿ɵĲҲĬȻ쳣
üһ·Ƶ߶ħѣԪΪأȥһ¡ĬƬ̺ȴ˳Ĭ
û£ֻҪúϢһʱͺˡһ·ϻǶˡҶüعͷĿ΢Ŀƽ˵
һ·ϵԼչֵĳʵһֿ͸ظо
ʱԷԼǰǸصСʿȻ֮νӴУȴһһαֳڲ֮ͬ
ǵʱڱԪϣҺΪΪԼֱ浤ʵһƣǷ񵭡ݺ¡
ʱĳʱ꣬Ŀʱ
ܴʱ𣬱עĲ
Ů˼ӿ䣬֮ϣ֮ɫһ·ҹδߣ˼ֲ԰ףƽ˼ֱζ
ҶüʱĽݣҲɸֳŮʶһĻĻֹͣ˻һʱЩʧ
ҶüˣĬĬһԾĵţ֮һʱְ
κԾʧ̬תͷȥ΢΢һȡ
˼˺кδ㣿Ҷüʵ
ҴȷǺ󣬾һʱ䣬纣ۻ󣬱ǰ½û˼½ԼЩĴ½ľԼйǬ侫ͨͼ֮ҲҶü渵
Ҷüƴ½Ĵ½󣬲ŷԭڵĲ׺֮Դ֮ѷ˵Ǭͬڣȫ츳д裬Ҳ޲ѡ
⣬Ϊʱƴ½ĸ߽ʿȻԱΪԴ½Ҳжţ֮ǰӶ·ϲѯȴһ⣬һȤӡ
ˣüҲһͬǰ½Σˣһʵ
ҲãϾĴ½ҵʿ֮ءҶüԣԥһºɫ΢΢һ˵
ãλѪʦǷͬʹȥҶüԸԼһߣȻдϲ̶뵽ʲôһ㣬üͷ΢ĳʵ
޷ʦ˵ҿʱ뿪ʦҶɽһصǺԻҶü˵
ȻˣһǱ̷ǰɡھ۴Ʊ֮£㲻õģа취ԣд˿㡣
ȥʱһ󣬱Էؿջ䡣
ָɣһâ˷ܿſһ
ЩŰϥƬ̣µľΪӡ
ĺһܿȶ
һ֣ȡ﷨Щ˴һ֮еսƷ󲿷ֶʿĴ﷨
һ·æ·ûüúüһ


1265 Ѫ
һʼǵôӰǸ׳󺺵Ĵ﷨Ƭ֮󣬻һ϶һѶ
һ飬вģҩһʯʿļҵס
һӺеĴ﷨еĶѾ˳ָĶ˷ĵ档
һĵҩ˵ʯʮ֮࣬ʹĹ
ĵҩģȣҲǼֵ֮Ļһʵ롣
һϵĶűΧĵϺܿκǰ˼
һɫḶ́һӵƤ伮һĽ
ǴĴ﷨ȡġ
ɫ̿ʣƺĳֹƣҲһ޹ǣ沼˹·̱Ե¼˰˸λмһڶɫȥЩµӡ
ùǱƤ伮֮һּΪϵ֣ӦϹġ
ļʶҲֻϳС룬Ȿ伮ϼصһֺܹϵռ֮
ƤϵĻƺͺ͹һӦʹõġ
ռ֮˽ⲻ֪࣬ռ֮ǳѣԾҪ󲻵͡
ҲûҪ˼ֻǾôΪˡ
ķһƤ伮㽫͹һͬĿɫ֮ϡ
ɫʽʮֹӣ沼ͬһɫ··һڽһ㣬ڽĩһģЩס
֮⣬ڽһ࣬¼ЩŤ֣ȴǡġ֡
Ľɫ˼䡣
֪ΪΣãӦñطǷƷ
ֻǿϧǣϱǿһҿǱ۶ϽӣƺֻǸƷδװһ㡣
һһ̧һָ׼˽һ㣬ʱһηֱӹעС
ȴͬţ뺣һ㣬˿ӦûС
ʱһ˼ַʽȴû˿չ
̾˿˽ҪôǸƷҪôԼ֪δ߶ˡ
һˣȡһöָҩ̷ȥʼϢ
պĦƳһСɽУһҰɫںתڿն漴һɫ⳯ȥ

֮֮һҺۣһӺһŮ޷ȥҶüˡ
˴ۣڳŽЩʯ󣬱ǡ
֯Ǵ˷
Ҷüųڷ¶һ˿ɫס´
ôѵûǣֵʵ
ЩѪ󲿷ʱ䶼ڱſޣֱͻ浤ſʼȥִһЩǵǵһҶüЩ˼˵
ԭˡ߰ɣҺסڳڵС԰Ĵ½Ψһۼ֮أ㲻΢΢һЦȳȥ
Ҷüæȥ
ܿ죬С԰סĶ
磡
ڽǺ󣬱Ǭ˴Ѷʶոմ򿪶ţǬһϲӭ˳Ҷüȴɵ
Ҷʦ塭ǬҶüü۲˳ϲ˵
Ҷüʧٲú󣬱ͬ뿪ƴ½ʱǬδڣȻ̫Ϥ˿̾磬֮ˣҲ¶Цݵĵͷ
û뵽ﻹܼڵĺ󱲡
߰ɣȽȥ˵һЦ˵
˵һ߽ͬ˴
Ůͬڣ˿̸һἰƴ½֮£ƺ˵Ļδһ㣬ҲѲڽȥ
˺һŮͣס˿ڡ
һźҶü˵˿纣۵顣
Ǭʹ֮ǰƴֹͨҶüϵǳҶüǰԽգкƵʣвɵЩԱ
ǰ½Ŀ纣ۣ໹ʮ𺽡ʱ仹磬ҪѪ壬Ǻһǣһʵ
ҼȻѾһǰ½ѪͲػȥˡҶüͷƬ̧̣ͷĿ˼ּᶨ
Ҳãʦһ£ֳʵ
ʦĴѶ飬ԺԻ˼һСҶüЩȻ˵
ˣҴѾ˵飬ڴʱһͻأĳڴ֮У漴һ߳һɫӰ
һʮĸˣһͷѪ𣬿̴棬䣬͸һ˿ɷ
ͽݼʦ𣡡ҶüһٸӰɫ䣬æǰΰݡ
һͨܡҲվаֹ
Ǭ¶һ˿Ȼǰ˾ôö֮˶ڶвõĽƾȻͬ裬˿ӦҲޡ
ٸĿһתϡ
ѪǰѴҶü֪ʦ䣬˿̱ȭһ
ٸ´ۣа׹һĿжȻų⣬·Ҫ̴
ɫһ䣬ȫһʹһǰδеӴס塣
ɽɽ纣˲һ·һ硣
ǣѾһʿ󾳺ͨҲûǰ־η֮ˡ
һڷɿתͬʱһɾȻûٸǰǿ󣬵ԱҲ´ࡣ
ٸĿһ¶һ˿⣬˲ɢ¶֮ɫ˵
ֻһɣҪ˵Щʲô֮ʱٸȴ֪ʱҶüԣü簮Ŀ˵üΪ壬þĴ½ȷʵףȻҵи֮ˣΪʦȻ㡣
лʦ𡣡Ҷüɫ΢죬˵
һԵǬٸἰиʱиֳһ˿Ȼ
ٸȡһöɫҶüϣ̾˿˵أΪʺϴҵ²Ȼ뿪Ѫ壬Ҳ޷ٽʲôһЩΪʦһЩĵãܹ٣ͿԼ컯ˡ
ǣͽסˣлʦ𡣡ҶüȦ΢죬һ
ٸ¶һ˿Ц⣬һģʱһʱգʧ١
Ƭ֮Ҷüվһۡ
ſڣһʱ֪˵ʲô
˼գһʱЩ
Ǭһۣҧҧ촽Ϣȥ
С԰֮УӦûкܶеĶɡƬ֮Ҷüʵ
Ӧûв٣ʿǺܶࡣһص
һ·ҲһˡҶü˵
Ȼ᲻Ӧæ˵ͷ


1266 
ʱ䣬ҶüĴ£С԰
Ĺ˵󣬹֮˺Ǹ˵Ҷü˼ΪĶ
ҶüƬ̣΢΢¶һ˿ϼѡһĶ
ʯʱҶü֧ʮķãҶüƺҲûзԵ˼
ʱ䣬ҶüйһЩرĶ֮Ĺϵ˼֡
ֻǣÿҶü֮ʱǲĸֳٻӰ
һ½̫УԼ֮¶һֽԼ
һޣһΪ뿪Լ
ľŮӶ⣬Ȼġ
ʱգȻΪʵԶͬףŮ֮飬ѰҲûжٲԺ֮Уһʱ˿ͷֻܱһ˳Ȼ̬ȡ
ֺ˼һ棬ʾҪֹ飬˼ۼѾͻ󾳣֪Ѿ޷ıľֻôӦ
ʱɳۣתۼʮȥ
ЩУҶüѵһ˴ŵʱ⣬֮⣬ʱԼǰһЩʤһ
Ĵ½ķ羰죬һִԭʼҲһζ
֮ԭһ˿棬񾭹ЩĳϦദδͱһ㴰ֽǷĬȴˮɡ
ڴڼ䣬Ϊͻ󾳵ѪѪ磬ݷһΣ̸֮УȻἰǰаɽһ£ԻؾǬȴͻȻҪڽļʮУѪѪѧϰͼ֮
Щ⣬ȻҲᷴԡ
ѪǬΪͶԵ±Ǭ뿪ˡ

һգС԰֮У˫Ŀյϥɫ˸ѡ
ħȺڰһ󷭹̶ΪһȦȦӶȥȻܵʯյĻһƬ·¯һ㡣
ͻȻ䣬üͷһֻʶ΢΢һһȻڶ𣺡Լһ£׼ˣ
˫Ȼ˫ַһܵħ˲䷭ӿڡ
漴վ˵ԭħǰֻҪͨڣϻܹӦһġ
ٺ٣¶ҼΪҪȥ޻صĻȻǰȥðյģħٴ
ãȴ֪ǰҪǰδȡֹǣԣ΢ɣɫʵ
ȥ½ϱߵĳƬ򣬵ʱȻ֪
ħ컰䣬ֻʶһֳһʮϸĴ½ͼıעһЩ·ߣֱָ½ϵĳ
ȵħѯһЩʱȴҲûеõظˡ
Ƭ̺Ҳûе飬ҶüѶϢ֮󣬱㳯Ŷȥ

ħĵͼһ·ȥ㻨һʱ䣬ڸϵĴ½ĶϷͬ޾
һԥ֮󣬱һͷãã֮Умٱ
˰ºһ֮ǰ޾Ȼͬĺ
ǰģȻһƬһ޼ʵĺɫ棬ϿŨĻҰɫյͼϵļأ˵رӦħеԵ֮ˡ
û˵ʱͨʶ쵽ЩҰɫкһּΪĶ壬ԽԽŨӡ
ֶʶã䷽ųʶбЩججһ֮£æ跨֮˳
֮⣬֣Լʶڴ˵أҲֻܸǶʮӡ
ҲΪԵʣＸûڣʹƬ캣ʵĳΪһƬ
˼䣬ħȴһγ˶ߣǴ˵ˣԤϵҪ絽˼աٹңĶһ˥ڣңʱٽС

պ
˿ȺƵѲһƬĺϿգһ㵭ĺ
ԭϿճĻҰɫ˿ȴԵʮϡΪȻǲõˡ
ֻǴʱʶޣ·īԿˮ֮µ
ħ죬ڲǰͻȻԼ󣬱ٴһԲ
ڴʱֻûһһʲôȻЩܿƵĴһӿ
ڿϼһ֮󣬺ȻлûһӰ
ħǰǡۼħ쾹ȻгߣԾ˵
ֻҽ㷨ûɵΰˣؾȡħ쿴Ҳδһۣе˵
˫һУһڿƷζʲôһ㣬ֱƬ֮󣬲˵Ȼˣ
Ȼ󣬵ȴУʱ¶֮ɫҪԵɣħȴתͷ˵ΨһԸǣǽֹӦǱӡһͷ̹ڣҪԼȥѰˡʱ䲢࣬ҵǽֹǲ뿪˴˵ضһٴΪҲδܳܵġ
䣬ħٴαģֱûڣʧˡ
ԣЩεҡҡͷûȥ跨ϵħ졣
ĳ̶ֳ˵ħ޲TԸЩŹ֣ƺԼһ֮֮УȻԸ˵ԼҲȻ
Ŀ⻷һȦΧĺɫ棬Ȼһ䣬ɫâһ֮ЫȻǰ
˵Ы޵ʬػ«ʮգʹΪһط࣬󾳣ֻһ֮
Ыʱȣұ·Ѱһп֮һ֪ͨҡֱӷԸ
ǣˡЫۼһأɵʩһ֮󣬻âһ㳯Զɶݶȥ
ԭؿһ֮󣬱㳯һѰȥ
һ֮̽£֪͹ʱ䡣
ڼȻҲһЩΪĵطǷһЩۣϧǱ֮Уȴһ
Ƶʱ򣬺ȻЫ˹
ˣ﷢쳣Ͻ
ЫȲҪҹȥ˵ЫЩٵһ̶ظ
ţдһ󼱴ٵš֮ۡ󣬱˲両ֳһɫᡣ
پһᣬ˾ͻΪһĳЫָ֮ȥ
ಢǺԶֻСʱĹԶԶĿһɴŮӰЫ
ԼĪʮĵطȴһԲСͨڣͬīɫĺˮУϸĻֱ治
ˣ﷢һ۵Сû⣬Ҫȥʱȴִ˵΢΢䶯һ£ͬʱһɼΪŨħɢҺ֮£Ǳ뺣УȴСͷ¶һСֱ䱾ںסЫ󣬵ͬʱ
ڴ˵ţȥһһԸһ󣬵һεĳˮзȥ
Ǳ뺣ʱǰһвɵ
ֻԶڵĺˮ֮Уһͷһſţͷ­ϲɫĸȫƤֲ֮ͬһֻŴһ㡣


1267 ɫֹ
ڴޣʵ̫Ϥˣ൱һʱвʱ֡
ȻͷΪ׵ޡ
Ҫ֪ڴĵ֮ϣȹʮʱ⣬һ̣Ŀô޵ģ
Ȼܹڴʱ˵أٴμޣ·յ׵ǰһ㡣
гԾ֮ʱħȴʶͻȻ𣺡㻹ŸʲôֹǱ̹ͷ­֮ڣ
ԣһ˸
Ȼһʱ俴ʵȻͨڡ
Ȼˣԥһʮָֹһ˲ӿ
һĿĽɫâһʮɸߵĽɫӰ̼ͷûһ֮󣬵ճɾȭһȭ
ʱһСɽĽɫȭ֮£̹ͷȥ
֮ˮͬްһ㣬̾ҷ
˾޴Ķ£̹ʱѣɫĿһһ˿֮ɫӴ΢΢һŤ˲Χˣϴֲ֮ƤϣĺɫâһһתγɫС
һ̣ɫȭХ
һ춯صľ죡
ȭ֮ɫз׷ɢ漴̹ϡ
ԭƽںˮһҡضľһζȻ˲䷭ӿˮ֮£漫Ϊ𺳡
ֻǳʹĹֽһһȻģͷ­һȻΪתͬɽһǰצһЮһŻ棬ڻȥ
δǰֻܺˮһһɿֲѹѾ˷ϯ
Ҳ׼һɫԲ˲伤ڿһ֮£˲仯ΪɴСĻɫɽ壬ͬ޶һ㵲ǰ
䡱һ졣
ǰצһڻɫɽ֮ϣһȦȦۿɼĲ˳˷ϯȥ
ֻǼĹܵĺˮȻΪһɻҰɫ޵ĹƱѾͬǿ֮ĩҲԽ΢
ۼ޹裬зһ䣬ͷɫ˷ϣӰ˲ܳ
һХ֮
˫ʮָһְ仯Ӱڰ;Ϊ·צ֫һת漴׷ױѿƬڹϯ
һ̣ĸɴСĺɫ򣬽޵֫С
ڤ֮Уһ󷭹֮£գۼһ˶ޱȵİ׹ǣͬһʸ޵֮֫ϡ
һһ㣬ֻ֫Ȼһ뽫֮ʱȴ˿Ȼͬڤסһ㡣
޶ʱʧɫͻɫ۾һת֮ϾȻ̼âš
һգ۵ĹһƬƬ˶ޱȵƬð˲佫Ȼħ֮ʱ龰Щơ
ţ֮ۡϵ
ЩƬȻڻ֮£ǵصļ
Ŀɫһ˫ֳſһһƬɫâУʮɽ龡ںˮһ֮󣬴ƬĻɫһֱֱźĻϯȥ
ЩƬһ಻ϵĻɫɽ֮ϣ㴫һžı֮
һȦȦӻɫ޷֮ϵƬΪ֮𶯷г䣬Ȼȴ˿ֹ˻ɫɽıƽ
ʮɫ޷壬޾ƣ޵ϵĺȥ
ϵײͬըһ
˿̵ޣ֫ڤ֮У޷ֻʵıףӲſһĺ
Ȼһֹ󣬵ǰȴһ
Ϊÿһɫ޷壬һ浤ʿɱĪܡ
Ȼǰͷ̹޵ȴͬһ㣬˳̶ȵĹ֮£ҲֻʮǳǳİӶѣûܵʲô˺
ҵҪֶܼã
һЦзٴһߡ
֮á
ʮɽ޷ҹͣĺ֮£˿̿ǱˣƬ˴룬ҷ϶лɫѪ˿
޳˰⣬ȻδΣ
ۿڼҪˣȴɵЩ
ǰ뻹ٹգϣƿ޿ֲķȻеҩʯ˿ڵķҲʣ޼ˡ
ħǰٹһ죬ƬĶٴαŨޱȣԼδȫ˵ġ
Ǿʹȥ֮ǰŬͻǰϾ޾һۣ²ڴ˴ˡ
ǰľޣһ£ͻȻſڷһХ
ħһɫƸֶ
侹ֱħ
һ̣һΣһӰֱ޵ͷ­ɶݶȥ
;Уħһʢܵĺˮһ󷭹֮һ֮ߵľ޴ӰȻֶ
˷˿Ҳޣ˫һģ֮£ȭӰֶں£ĳͷ­ӿȥ
ײ˲䣬ͷ­ԭЩĻɫƬһ󣬾ֽм㿪ʼɢ
̹ʱһ󰧺ֻǴ˿̵ǿ֮ĩˡ
ûãż֮
ʮΪϸСѷ죬ھͷ­渡֡
ѷԽԽ࣬֯һѷ죬ܵĺˮԴԴϵУһ˶У׽ҳһƬ
ֻ۾һڣҲ᲻һԭ۾ʱӴ鴤˼֮󣬱Ҳûһ˿Ϣ
ۿ̹Ҳ˿ȻһҲѼˡ
ոջطӰ׼ջɽʱ
ֻޱͷ­֮УȻһŰ׹һĴм
Ŀһ׹УȻһСؾӨİ׹ǣģӦһСֹǡ
ڿеһת󣬺Ȼħһ󣬾ȻûһİɫӰһ£Զɶݶȥ
ɫһ˿ûԥĶԶָһ
һ˲ŰɫӰͷȥ
顱һ
ɫӰڽ֮£㱻ԲΣٴαΪ˰ɫֹǣ˺ˮ֮С
ˣд˿һУһϯŰɫֹǷأС
ΰɫֹǱ渲һ㼫ΪĽʣиֳһЩͬһĺɫ·ҴɢʮŨħ
뿪˺ˮڸЫٻأ׼֮ʱħȴȻ˳
û뵽޾ϴ񣬴ﾹȻǣԻûˡЩ⣬ǲ֮һĨȥǣв
ħǰ˼ɫһʵ
ħֻҪħ棬ﲢ£˾ҪѲʱġɣȳעһ˿ħ棬֮ӡסħ쵭˵
ԣ΢΢˵ͷ
һָ̧϶ʱðһƺɫħ档
Ҫɫħ泯ɫֹעһ˿֮ʱͻ
ͷϷĺɫˮ˲ҷӿ


1268 ޲T֮
ֻԭһĺϿգһռѷ˲両ֶԲ˼ٶӿ˲Ϣ֮ﵽɳͬƬմм˺ѳһ㡣
һɼΪֲѹзϯ
ţһֻɫƬаɴС֣˲ӿռѷһ̽·ĲӬֱֱ֮ݺ¡
ãӣʶеħ쾪һ
ѷʱ֪ֻǴ˱̫ͻȻת䣬ֻܵʣһЩ̴һž죬˲䱩࣬ʱݺύɫħƼħ
޴ħٴڿն𣬲ǰ
ͬһʱ䣬Юһͬī֭һŨħָ֮һʮɳĺɫ켣ԼԼ͸¶һɻذħ
䡱һƾ죡
ħֻ֧Ƭ̵Ĺ򣬱΢΢һ֮˲仯Ϊޡ
һֻ̣ûһεѹݺݵĻһ㣬ͬҪһ¶Ƥʱѿ
һɹɴŰ׹Ѫ˲佫һѪˡ
ֻѿѸܶʼ֮£ʹǻڱٱıԵ
ֻʶȻһǰһ˿ɫʹ˻˹ȥ
Ȼڴʱһڴ
ţǰռһ󲨶һӨݴֶöͨĽһ֮˲ɢȥγһΪµķ󣬲зɳһƬɫϼ⣬һת»һ߲ʹҶǶӭ֡
ֻһٻ֮󣬱㽫ɫѹۿžҪĳһ⽴
ǧһ֮ʣͽ
ԭܵİöģͨɫâһʢ֮˲䱬һżΪĿĽɫâһ̣Ȼͬһʧˡ
ſյĺ棬ƺһ£󻺻˻ȥٴû֮С

֪˶ãĵתɫȻһƬɷף˺ѷεĴ
Ѫ죬ڼ·˺ѿһ㣬ѿһӣжҵʹŭΰӿһ졣
һ䡣
ڣ˿ڵķѾָЩڵĴϢ˼ĬĬת
˵λҪ̺Ѫʹûоʹɢ
ڴȻûȫϣǱ˿Ѿʧ
΢΢鶯ţĿ⳯Χȥ
ΧһƬϤĻɵ磬Ȼռ֮С
ͻȻǰӰһ޲TӰǰ
޲Tǰˣæվ޲Tһ
Ի֮ǰ龰£ǸֲޱȵĴ֮£ԭմմϲСĿ
ȻѪ֣Ҳͬʱĺ
ܹӳ첢ؿռ֮УȻ޲TְæĽ
㻹ˣ㻹һֵ޲Tһ۱ƿĿ⣬ɫ쳣ѿ
ǰôһˣһʵ
ȿ˵ɡ
޲TһۣһӣΧɫһ󷭹Ȼɢ¶˰͵ľӨռϱڡ
ռϱϸֳģһĸޱȵ
˿̣ЩƴѣƲҪϱһ㣬ռϱҲֳ˹ѵĺۼ
⡭ɫ䡣
ռĽѾٱ֮ջһ޲Tһ
ôѵǱǸֹ£ɫһ䣬ֻ׻ɫĿֲ֣һ˿֮ɫ
Դ֮󣬻ħһֱռһҪơѾҪӽɹˣ̾վ㲻㣬Ϊ˾òǰ˻ûȫٿصƣ˺ս㴫Ͷߡ޲T̾˿˵
Ҫлǰ֮ȴ֪ұ͵ʲôطԣм˵
Ҳ֪ռĽ٣޷ƿյĴ֮أӦòĴ½ˡ޲T˵
һ㶣ԺиֳҶüǬΣЦһ
ĺʹԭʹøӲǣӡĽҲ뱻٣ò˶ãͻȫѹ޲TɫЩȻ
Ī֮еıǡŴ˻һĿ⿴˰յİɫ壬ʧ
ѵĺһѣ޲TҪ䡣
ѵûа취ֹ𣿡Ŀһ˸ʵ
޲Tһ̧ۣͷ죬һ̾˿ĵµֻܱˣ黹״̬跨Ǳӡ֮Уδȫѵһҽҳɹˣɵ飬ȡ֮ʧܡһͷԱشһΣһʱ˵ݣٺħ֣ӦҲܺԪ˵鿹һˡ
˻ɫһ粻
Сӣɲװôպá޲Tһһ֣֮ϹһɳһȭͷСɫܿһ˿аİɫâлת
޲TһɫƮ˹С
ҵһ˿Դ֮û飬ҪŵԺһлᣬҪʹһ˿Դ֮Ҹ޲T쳤һ漴˵
ãħģպ㹻ȻسŵǰƬ̣ɫ֣صĵ
޲Tˣɫ΢΢һɣ漴дʣִ
ռİУֳһһ˶ߵİ͸ɫ塣
󷨽ƣɫ档
ǣ˿Щ󷨽Ҳֳһѷ죬һĪϢѷ͸˳
ܵ˰ɫеĪϢɫһ䡣
ǡĺһ£Щɬʵ
飬ڻûȫʱõĵġ޲T˵漴һ֡
ռĵ¡¡һһɫļ̳ӵϸֶ
̳֮һɫסӰħ졣
޲TѣڿϷҳ𣿡ħ쿴޲TٺһЦ˵
޲Tһûлش𣬿Ź׾һӣڹ⼤
ǣħϵĽɫ̶ѳء
ħһ壬һӼ̳Ϸ
ռ䣬ѾûˡħĿ⳯ΧĿռ俴˼ۣп˵
漴Ŀһת˰еӡϣɫ̱ޱ
زҺ˵˰ɣҪӡһͽˡ޲TĿħһۣ˵
áħƺһɫصĵͷ


1269 
޲Tħһۣû˵ʲôһģһڹķ˰յӡ֮С
ħǰĿ⿴ħ죬΢΢һ
֮ǰˣڽֹȽҰɡħǺһЦǰ
Ŀ΢¶ɫûκζ
ôѵҪΥ֮ħˣһ
ңֻǰû˵ǽֹǵʲôΪҪȡʱ򣬻⵽֮ʱƿչˣռҲ䵽ڵءķʵ
ħĿһջ̧֣졣
ˣҲû˵
£ڻǲҪ֪Ϊá֮ҾẦ㡣κħ쳤һ˵
üͷһ塣
ڴ˿̣֮еηӡ͵ػζĵӡƹâת·ɾײһ㡣
ռҲ¡¡ռϱھһζԵ֮ʼ
ɫһ䣬Ȼ˰յķӡ
Ƕվһս޲TʧܣʤĻƾڵ֡ħĿ⿴յķӡﻺ˵
ʲô˼޲T˵ʱҲشǶ˺Ӧÿ֮࿹ġɫһ䣬æʵ
̫߹ˣұڴ˲֪꣬Ȼ˽ħĽǷѱɴӲʵȻõǽֹǣˡħ˵ôһ󣬱˫ۡ
ɫ粻һ˾ģһ֣һ׹
ħȻ˫ۣһ̣׹ץУǽֹǡ
϶ʱ¶һ˿֮ɫһţȻֱӽֹȥ
ͫһûп˵
ħ£Ƭ֮󷢳һ̾Ϣ
һ̣ʼֳһɹڵħϵϢҲ֮ɿǴ
ٺ٣ˣ޲TһʱỹֳʤҲָһ·ɡħֽźֺٺһ˵
Ե˵ͷԭϥĬĬתʼϢ
ռھ𶯣ħĿʼսŰеηӡһԴģ
תۼ䣬ʱȥˡ
ͻȻռ͵һӡȻƬ߲ϼ⣬һ֮󣬹âŽȥ
ӡϣһѾԽԽӡƹâҲԽƽۿҪ֧Ųס
ӡԣħ˻Ȼһۡ
˶Ҫһ̼ɫ쳣
һֳһɫħƣյĻָķϵĴ˶ѻָĲˡ
ڴʱһηӡ֮âţ漴ӡ͵رѿ
ռ֮һζһ£һµӰиֶ
էһòۺ޲Tһ޶ֻɢϢ쳣죬޲Tħ죬ȻͬЩƷѹһĴڡ
ϢЩȣƺһ㡣
޲TʧˣħĿӶԷһɨޱ˵һ̣Ϻڹţֳ˺ϼΪƵħƣһӴѹϯ
ɫһ䣬ͬڹţֳһʮɴСĺɫࡣ
Ŀ⿴ħˣ֮ͫиֳһ㵭⡣
һȫ·˲䱻Ŀ⿴ɫʱһ䡣
ԭˣռʱĪǸոǸСӵİ֣ϸֳ˱飬ʵ
ռƻ֣ħͺһһץԶĻ챮һģ֮£ͬ˲ư㸡ǰ
ħͺһ˫һ꣬ϸֳɫħ棬۳һˮͰϸĺɫ˻챮֮С
챮̸ֳɫ·ħͫȻһɺɫг
Ӽˣָ̧һһ˲û֮С
ռ΢΢һ漴ӿ˴Ƭ糱ˮɫֻǼĹ򣬾Ȼֱռ˰ռ䣬̶׷һĳħһѹ¡
ħ۾˾ɫ΢䣬зɿдʣ챮ϼĺɫϣɳ˴Ƭĺɫħ棬ħĲٿ֮˲£˷ɿ̼仯ΪһƬɫ𺣣Сռ䣬ӭɫĻȥ
ͺһϺڹһʢħһХг
ϵĺɫʱɳڿһƬɫħĺɫħ棬ɫϯȥ
ɫ𺣺ɫȻײװľ죬ʹռΪ֮ѣֻǶ߻òһµӡ
˿̣ܸռ䣬ᷢռ䣬ȻֹųС
һΪԵķָߣռһΪһȫɫâСбɫħռݣƾɫγ˿Ҳˡ
ô£
ɫȻһ䣬Ϊ飬ܹĸ֪ռκ춯ǰĺӾȻƾһʯռĲֿȨ
ڴʱ˫һʮɢɫâԲϯ·ʮ콵ʯһ㣬һߣһ೯ײ
ɫһ䣬һ̧֮۳һĴֵ֣סʮɽײ
ֻ˿̷ĵֵĹɫʱһ󼤵Ȼɫħ˼֡

׹ţһֻһռϿջȻֳ˾Ÿ޴С
һŸ֮Ϲһзɳ˾Ƶ۾·ħȻȥ
ɫһ䣬Ҫɽ۾ЦһȻ˵ӰʮɽС
ô˼϶ħſһ׹⣬ȴһֻǰɫƣһ֮˲䱩ǣΪһֻɫֵľ޴֡
ϱһɫâһץס˳ǰһ۾Ȼһѽ顣
۾ƺΪɵȻɢɿŵۻҵĲӰƺҪ϶롣
ɫ־ɿħ裬׵Ľʣ۾Ĺһһ棬˿Ҳ޷ħ챾ˡ
Ӽˣ¶˼ֽɫҪɫһ䣬˲両ֳһ˿԰ס
ħɫһϲһۣԼͬͬʱ
ɫħʱâţɫƵˡ
Ӻ˼ܿסһ£ɫӿٴεס˺ɫħĳ
ʱħֶΣӲ
˵Ľ֣ռȴڷżΪֲıʣԽƵռϱһ񷶥ѷ죬Ҳ֮Խִ
ʱħüͷһ壬˵ҵȼȥ»ûзֳʤռˣ
Ŀħһۣ˵ߣұвɵͣìܣƾʲôǣ
Ϊ⣬ҵи飬֪¿ɷԸһħۼƺҲмֳɣ˵


1270 
ԣϵâʱ΢΢һȴ˿ûзɾӡ
ǵǳ֮ʣȫɡڿӽԺ󲻿˽̤ռ䡣ӦģΪ㣬ҲټȡķһǿԻɵʱڣ㿴Σ
ԣԭޱϲ¶ֳ֮ɫ
Ҫ֪飬Ҫ޶أĽɱڴˣҲ⵽Сķɡʱ¸Ҫٴ볤ʱĳ˯֮УǸʱһʵͲ֪ʱˡħۼˣɫļ˵
ĿһתĿ
δϵħͻȻֽ΢΢һ̶ת
ȻжռüΪصĹؼʱ̣ȻϾٹЩ
ʶһԥǵ˵ͷʾͬħ
ȻˣҹҴӦˡǳ˵ǰͷֻҪκ뷨Ҿƴ׷飬ҲƲǵóѵġɫһ䣬ú󣬲Ż˵
ҵȻ˵֮µġڴҲҪѸһ䣬ĪҪԼְڡħüͷһ˵
ѣޱĻص
ۿЭɣռеͬʱ˫ַһգռĸɫâͷɢ
ֻһĹռָ糣ٴ¶˲Ʋİ;Өռϱڡ
ոһ׼ѯʲôȴǰ赭дĳһӡ
ֻǰһٴοǰ֮ʱȴȻԼѾ뿪ռ䣬һƬԭʯ֮С
ʱ麣֮Уֳһɫݣݡ
ֻöݣҲûǰѪϵ
Щϧĳ̾һͬʱɫҲһ˿֮С
ʧȥݵĸҲûǰʱܱɵĽȸУ˶ʱ˺ܶࡣ
Ȼһ̣üͷͻȻ
ֻʶУ֪ʱһż۵ĻɫԼԼɢһ˿ʮ־ħ֮
üͷһ壬ſ߶˼һɾ麣˲ʶУɫΧ
ȻǻɫȴǶҲƾɷԼ˿Ϊһ㡣
ۼˣĿоһںڰɫ浤ȻĹâ̼֮両ֳһϸɫ˿֫ٺ֮߿
ǻɫƺڱ΢΢һȦɫ֮⣬δ¶
ǰĶʶУҪܾ˵ֶνƳô
ٺ٣ҿɲټյˡĺˣڴ˲вġɫдħ˵
ǰΪ˵컨׹Ҳŵġޱ˵
ٺ٣Ѳ㻹붯ҲɣҪ֪ҷֻ渽֮ʱ˹ӡˣ
ӡǣ
ԣɫ΢΢һ䣬֮ĳַ
ȻԼͻɫ䣬ĳԭȸûе΢ϵ
깲ӡǣٺ٣ЩȻħʵȴҲôӡ׳ɳԼں϶֪ԵȻѾջ˷ֻ꣬γ˹״ֻ̬ҷֻ뿪ʱЩֽţ޷ġԳ뿪κһ䣬һҲŴӴ䳹ʧġħٺһ˵
佫Լ˽Уҵһ˶ϡ꣬ɫȻһ䣬ֱ˵
ǰ׼һ룬Ȼ֮١ħһ
⻰ʲô˼ɫһ
ɣһΣħĬƬ̣һת˵
Ŷϴˡüͷһ壬Ŀһ˿ɣ˲ָ˳̬
ֻҪӦڴڼڣʱڡ㱣֤׵ͨΧڣҲΪṩһЩʽΣħ컰¶ջ֮⡣
ȻûԼµʱʽֻһջɡ䵭˵
СģҲͷˡҿٷºķ˵ĻǷɽĺ֮ǣ뿪ڵĴ㣬ҲҪˡħȻ˵
ðɣз֤֮ҹҴӦ㡣
ԭس˰ҧгݵĵͷ
ţָһ鲼ڵɫ΢΢һ˲䳯浤ӿȥ
ֻʶеĻɫ΢΢һȻһΪһȻԾ⣬ûһӰ
ԥ˫ĿһգʼʩչԼʽ
ڹֱûüĺħ쵭Ȼ˵Ѿ걾ԣµѿԷ˰ɡ
˵˵ͷҲ˿ڼ֮ͬͬԼħҲˡ
˿ſʼϸΧĻ
ƬʯΧһƬܲһߴֲżƵĹľһȦɫ
Ϊǣ֮еƮ˿˿Ƶħ
üͷ壬ʶ˲ɢȥ
̽ˣûгǴ˿Ӧħ½ħƺûоʲô⣬ʮƽ˵
ħ½ĸħ׵Ĵ½Ϊ˿϶
Ȼһ򶨣ԣҲɫһס
ȻҲʵˡ޲Tƽƿմߵʱ˳ƶΪ͵͵һЩֽšǽֹֻһӣħĲֻлصħ½пռ걸ġħ˵
ȻѾ˴㣬Ҳ˵档ҰѰħϵʱ䣬ϣ㲻Ҫĳŵɫ仯κҲֻܺ޺޵ĺһ
Ȼ֮ǰȸ㡣ħ΢΢һЦȻһӣһɫ֮ƮȻС
ִֻһĴУĿһɨȴһ
һƴСʯһ뾧Өһīм䲿һɫɳ©ţ͸¶һԼɼɫ·ԵʮСӡ
챮Ŀһ¶˲ɫ
ǰƵһֻΪһЩԭ򣬺ΪһˡڼȻѾȻ˱˳ͨﲻʲô谭ǿһЩʵˡҪ֪ħ½ħˣͬ׵Ϊɲ½Աġħ컺Ľ͵
лˡ
ḧеĻ챮ɫ㻺ͼ֡
챮˵ģȻħֵ֮ͨı˹˶սŻõġ


1271 Ĵ
Ͼڼڣ㷢ʲô⣬Ҳ鷳ġħ쵭˵
üһû˵ʲôиֳһס˻챮
챮һ취Ѱַǲģɣȹһٴרŵļ޲TĶЩЦ˵
Ŀһֽ챮
ˣħǰһҪ㡣йض취˵٣ҲۼһЩֻǲ֪Ѱк𣿡΢һһתʵ
ʲô취֪޲Tǰûк˵ɣħ¶ɫ
ȷʵ֪޲TǰҲδǰָ̡˵
ħ¶˼ɫҡͷһЦ˵취ֻǷеһڰˣΪԴռ䣬ԶѰŻԴ
Ŵ˻˵ͷǰĶ취ȷʵħԶԴռ䣬ϻĿ۵ĹĮǿɳ档
һԣʿΪͨ󣬱ӵиյʱԼĶ취Ȼ취ҲΪͬĵȼһƷƷƷ֮ϻоƷ취˵һƷ취챮һƷĶ취ħ쵹Ҳûֱ˵
ԭˡ¶һ˿˼飬û뵽취ȻƷ֮֡
취Чǧ򻯣һ˿֮Сû챮˵ҪЧǻ֮мΪǿ֮ܡħ٩٩̸
ţýζ
˵ֻҪĳЩضʿҲǲܹơ磬һɽ飬䱾ӵвСĿռܣ˵Ѿ߱˽׶취ǱʣֻҪܶϧϺļַˡħ쿴һֲۣ
ԣʱдϲֻһ˲Ĺָ̻˳̬˵
֪ɽƳɶ취Ļʲô
ٺ٣˵ֻҪ㾡ħǰֱӽɽ׵취˵ҲûʲôѴģɽƷʺܸߣǽ׶취ҲƷġħٺһЦ˵
üͷһĿǰɽǿУܹƳɶ취˵ʵֿͻͽһˡ
ұʹӦǰħټ㱨꣬ҶȻľġֻһ˼Ȼ̴Ӧˡ
һЩϵħһεûڣɵУ̽һ¸Ļ
һεĳڰգ温֮£ԼȻһһ߼ʵľ޴ԭ֮ϣĿһЩɫֲżܿһƬƬڰ׹ǡ
ڶ߷ĸ߿УȻһɫ̫
ûв´˴Ӧԭڡֱӳħշɶݣպ󣬱ɵһħ۾ӵˡʶУħĴ˳
ԣһ۽ŵ׵Ļԭ֮󣬱һתŶɶݶȥ
һ·ϣʱòǴħеõ˲йħ½
ħ½ޱߣ൱Ĵ½½֮͡
ħ½֮ϣȴûŵ˵һʳΪħΪȨϵ
ʳλħ½룬ͳħ½صħˣңȺΪȺչССĵط
һ£طľħ˴Һʳͬѿأ˴֮άһ΢ƽϵЩħңʳڽɹ
ֲµƣǰķ˹ȡ

պǰһƬɽеɽ壬ֳϺ֮ɫɽħԭŨֹӡ
ˣһʩչͼϢɽԵȥ
󣬷ǰɽϣ¶һƬƬϺɫʯһƵĺɢܵħǴЩʯͷɢˡ
üͷһʶһɨ֮£ָûʲô˺ֶ̧һӣһīķһֱɽ֮Ϸȥ
䡱һ졣
ɽ̼֮䱻һ󶴣ԭǶɽڵϺɫʯ˲ɡ
ţһУ㽫ܼľʯС
ϺɫľʯЩ΢̺һ΢ħ
ЩϺɫľʯħ½ħʯħħ½ͨңЩħĳɫΪʵˣƷħҲ㲻ϡħ˵
ԣһ
Ҫ֪ħֶƴ½ԪħţǼΪϡеľʯȴû뵽ħ½ȻֻһͨĻҡ
һĴ½ܵĴʯħ½ȴûʲôôˡ
ȻǰƬУϺɫħҲǲ٣Ȼûʲôħڣͱħռˡ
ͣƬ̺󣬵Ϊһ⣬ĳɽеһɶݶȥ
ƬħɽǺֻܴмǧܿɵ˾ͷ
ͻȻһݹתһɳ˰Ϣһʺɫɽ帽ͣסΡ
ɽ֮²ʱ˳ƵĺȴһڿɵĿ󳡡
ʶչ󳡵һо۵ףֻһС󳡣ֻмٸڴˣڸļħϿ˼󶴣ͨɽ֮С
İٸڵħ˴ڿ࿪ħ֮ϰħļල£ſɳĿʯ
ලҲֻһʮϴžĺڼףһɫĿͼɢĵĺɫâȻƷʲսס
Щǻڵħˣһ浤죬ڿ󳡸һС¥д
Ŀһ¶һ˿ɫ
Щħϣûɢ˿ķ
Ȼûħ½Ҳڵ伮˽ħ½½֮УΨһһȫ޵Ĵ½Ӧòͬһħ˲Ŷԡ
ĿһתЩħֽϵĺɫϣ¶һ˿Ȼ
ȻԶϵĸ·ӳС
ЩǽħԽħڵķ߼ĽħܹʿЩħǻʳūѣ䵽ƫԶ֮ؿɿԺһƣֳħӰе˵
¶һ˿죬ƾһܽһʿħȻвһЩȤ
㿴ЩϵĽɫͼ𣿡ħȻЩںûʲôȤһתʵ
һĿЩ׵Ľɫͼϣ漴˵ͷ
Ҷħ½Ĵ֮һϼաħ΢΢㱣Щ˵


1272 ³
¶һ˿Ծɫ⼸ħ˽⵽˺ܶйħ½顣
ħ½ȻʳǸһպյĴˡ
֪Ĵ֣û뵽һȻԼͬա
ĴֱǸߺռ壬壬ϼ壬ϼ塣Ĵ鼰ħ½ʳҲò˼Ǽ֡뿪Щ꣬ħ½ûзı仯Ǵ˿ڵλãӦϼƿصĲݣǾλҲ޷ȷħѾָƽ˵
ð졣һЦһһԼĺڹȥ
󳡸ĶС¥һ䣬Ǹ浤ħϥڵϣϲðһȻ˿Уƺĳħ
䱻һ㵭ɫ֣Ǿڴ˿̣һӰͻأĳ浤ħǰ
浤ħ˻Ȼ۾ǰĺɫӰ
еĽûбƻĺۼǿǸ߽׵ķƣǰ֮˾ôϢĳˡ
浤ħʶںӰһɨȻʲôҲ̽ⲻ̹վһ񣺡·ǰ֪ǰݷãʲôҪЧ͵ģ
ĵͼһݣԽϸԽáӰ֮У˵
ǣ浤ħĻ΢΢һ漴̴Ӧ
ʶϵĴ﷨һڣܿȡһڵ˫ֵݸ
˹ʶһ̽Ȼһϸĵͼ΢΢˵ͷһ̣ӰͬʱһһģֹȰʧ١
浤ħ۾뿪һ˺飬ͬʱҲ
ոյĺӰΪҲ浤ڣп󾳵ǿߣȻƫƧ֮ء
ǶԷ뷨Ѿһʬˡ
浤ħĿ֮йâ˸֪Щʲô
ʮһɽϣӰһӰֶǿڵĵͼ
ڶͷʶ̽Уܿҵ˾˴һǳء
³ǡĿ΢˵
ԺһħͬҲֶЩп˵Ҳµûдǲݡ뿪ħ½Ѿ꣬Ҳû̫ı仯
ħ½ϣֳܹʮݿǴ½ϲƫƧһݿˡ
ô˵ȥһ³ǰɡһһڹ⣬£ʧʡ

պ
ħɽ֪Զһƽԭ֮ϣڸ߿֮УԶԶǰһɵľͳǳء
˿ֵ峿߿еɫħ޹䣬ȻǳϿȴһƬŨĺƣʹǳؿЩ谵
˳ǵĳǽа֮ߣǳΧһ޴ԲΣԼɼŻƼ׵ħʿѲߡ
⣬˳ǵ룬һǽ߶ȵľͻɫʯⱻɫƣԼɼʯһЩµħơ
էһǳػһͷڵϣһ쳣ΰĸо
³ǣû뵽ȹģˣһ䡣
ֻСǶѣ˻ʳǵĹģᵽħ½Ļˡħ˵мԺ֮⡣
ԣҲûж˵ʲôһΪһ⳯³ǺХȥ
Ƭ̵Ĺ˳֮ǰ
ֱ࣬һɸߵĴ޵ܣһ˫ĿƺעŽ֮ˣһĪ֮С
һɫ׵ħʿڳſڣ£û˳̸ϸ̲Žħˡ
аȣЩħʿʵߣѵصĳ̶ȣȴԶԶʤ½ԼĴ½Щżˡ
ħòϺ޼׵ĵħȻݱʶݡ
һ߳ͼڵڽħУûܵʲô谭ö֮Ľ˳С
һУһ뻮һΪľͽʱӳ
ЩƺһͨҰľ޴ʯɣΰ
ӳŵɵʮֿɫɫħ֮ĽнżܿһЩŹֵֻۣЩħ
һ˫ĿһУʶչܿ³ǵĴ²֡
΢һ֮£ųǳһȥһһֵ֮ϡ
ȻɵҪֲ٣ֵԲֵ̡
ʱʱ߽һЩģСĵ֮У֮ʱһħ
շתʮҵ̺ڽеĲģֻħ
Ͼħ½ߣûһЩħ½粽ˡ
ڼ䣬ҲһЩ֮һЩͨĲϺǧٹֵħ
˵ʱ·ϣħе֪ħʵ̵ֻ̫ͬǰΪħƣΪƶѣʶħҪͨħ߶˲١
ȻҪѰһֵħ֪ǷԵʣûʲôջ
żһЩرħȴ۸ס
֮⣬ܻѼһЩйؽħ½Ϣĵ伮
ææµµһ֮󣬲һջס
ڣռĵ伮ȡǰϸϸķ
ʱһȥֱڶɫŽеĵ伮һ飬жħ½һԱȽȫĳ˽⣬˳˳˼С
ʱϺڹһħӰֶ
ħ־ٶѼֲˣֻǵ˵˾䡰ħǰ
ǹħԼɽ׶취Ĳ嵥½˳ʶһˡ
䣬ħӰָһһڹһŵûüġ
Ŀһʶɿ鿴һüͷ¶Ϊ֮ɫ˵ɽҪĲȲ˵ħĲϴ󲿷δţҪѰң֪ҪѶˡ
һˣҪЩȻǧˣݾķȴûСħǺһЦ˵
ɫһ漴ȭǰָ㡣
˵Ҳ򵥣ʵֻҪһħң֮ռЩϣȻˡħˣֱ˵
ħңɫһ䣬Щ
ԴʼڣȻǰҲں̫ţǻϻǱصķ񣬾Ϊ뱻
ҲģħңǵһִеĵϸȻˡҵ뿪֮ʱѾһЩֻ֡Ҫǰȥҵİ֮£źִܿħңᱻħ쿴˼ٺһЦ˵
һбǰš°ͣһ֮󣬲Żĵ˵ͷ


1273 ϼ
ãˣʵ˵ħ½ǰطҪռһϯ֮أ˵ǾȻܵģպͻһˡħͬ⣬ɫҲΪˡ
û˵ʲô̧һӣһЩƵƤͼȻǰ
ոջ˲ħħ½ĵͼΪϸħ½ʮݿĻ滭棬һһע
֪˵ħңںδʵ
ħһ̣ɨһ۵ͼ֮󣬱ֱָ˵ͼϷһһ㡣
ת׿˹ȥüͷ΢΢һ壬̶ͷ˵ȻˣҼ̶ǰȥ
ħָĵط˿³ԶмʮݣɶݹȥҪһʱ䣬ȻѶҲû˷ʱ˼
ȵһ£²˽һҪȽħĿ˵
һڵʲô飿
ȻħǱϾʿȻסħˣͨڣ»ᱻ̷ֵġǿ˷㣬³ʡħĿһ˵
Ŵ˻Ŀ΢˼µ˵µȷˣħǰȻἰ£ȿ϶н֮ˣ벻ָ̡
㱾ҵħӡǣܹ跨Ūһħ֮ѪͨԪ֮ǣڡһ൱ӵ˲ħѪͳʱ򲻵ܹݣպҲǴ档
ħ֮Ѫֻ˵ħ֮ħ֮Ѫȴǰδţɵʵ
ħ½Ҳֻмٲ֪û˵ҲħʿϹʥħĺƶɣѪħ˵ǸıѪΨһһ;ħ쵭˵
һԾ֪ħ½ħ˶ѪΪأͬʿһ㣬ħ֮ѪȻܹıѪϧ֮رˡ
Ԫ֮֮ǰĵ伮пħԼħˣ麣ʽĿʽΪơ
ħ֮ѪĹЧҲǼΪѵ֮ȴ֪ǰǷйشϢĬһ֮󣬿ʵ
ҼȻ˷Ȼ޵ķʸ³Ա⣬һϼ壬һħ֮Ѫʱֱҵ壬Яǰȥɡħ쵭˵
䣬ħ쵥һָ̧һ˸ƾ۳һöЩµĽɫ׸
ڹһûڡ
ӹɫ¶һ˿֮ɫ㽫
ȻԲǣǱϾûиõİ취ֻһһˡ
һҹ¡
ڶһ磬뿪³ǣħָķűɶݶȥ
ԣѾħ½ȽϿصݿ֮һԴԶȲݣղݵȱ֮ҪϺܶࡣ
ֻȻڶ࣬ǲûʲôܹѹӣƲȶ֮¸Ƕз
ԣϣһԣݵľ޴ɽΪ«ɽԣħΪŨҲħԴɽ
ˣԣнҶڶ«ɽܱߡ
«ɽϲΧһǧľ޴ϿȣӸ߿ոĻͬͨʿһֱӿɽ϶γɵһ㣬ҲΪԵʣϿȱ˳ΪϿ
ϿǵɢһЩǺܴĳ
һգһɫԶɳ۶ͣϿڸڹȥ¶һӰǾı
ڸ߿գ漸Сļǳأüͷ
ħǰɻǵãǸϼַĿʵ
뿪ħ½˵ҲˣĻǰӡҸһ¾ˣϼӦòǨߵġϴħ
һ֮󣬵˵ͷڹһ㳯·һǳȥ
ʱ·ǳ֮зɳ浤ħʿϿȷȥӣӦǰ«ɽ̽Ķ顣
«ɽ֮ħԴڶָ߽࣬ħޣǶڣʶǰɽ̽˺ܶ࣬Ҳ˸һҪԭ
˼һתȻһΣ˼ǰ
浤ħɫһ䣡
˿һݣɢĳѹĸˣ󾳵ʿ
Ļ˼ۣƬ֮Ϊߵһ浤ݸħԽڶһ
ǰ֪ǰסǣʲôҪЧ͵ģݸħ˹˵
Ǽ˿ɶǳס⸽ģޱʵ
ǵģǸ³ϼʿݸħһ漴̴΢΢˿
ǰʿе˼ҪΪˡ
Ǿͺãǿ֪Ͽһϼ壿˵
ϼ壿
ݸħĻһᣬƺе˼漴һۣС˵֪Ͽϵļĸ֪ǰָһң
һû뵽
ҼǵǸϼƺó֮ԾݴѰҡħ
ļ֮Уûó֮ģͷ˵
ó֮Ӧǻһϼˡݸħԣæ˵
ݸħΪ飬ڣѾӻȡһϼλú˫ֹĵݸ
˹ʶһ鿴˵ͷλһڹ⣬ƿշɶݶȥ
ݸħۼ뿪˿ǰ
λǰӦǸİˣϼʲôոյƺϼҲȫϤӡһ΢ֵħЩ˵
λǰϼҵĹʽʲôϵ£Ͻ߰ɡݸħЩͷ˵һ䣬˺ܿ·Ͽɶݶȥˡ
յͼϵָʱǸһǵĳǳظûлѶٹ򣬱ҵϼڣһռʮĶСĴׯ԰ǰ
ׯ԰ۡҶϣħ׭ˡϡ֣ſվɫ
һ˴֮ǰϺɢȥ¶˱Ŀ
λǰ֪ǰϼΪ£һӭΪ¶˵
Ҵ˴ǰһҪݷһ¹˻ʿһۣ¶һ˿󾳵ѹ
ʿֻǻڵΪɫ䣬͵˺һ
΢΢һЦϵѹ
ʿɫȻľη֮ɫһСȥ֪ͨǰմ
Ŀһ˵һ䣬ûмڵ˼ˡ


1274 ħ֮Ѫ
ʿһ漴Ӧһһһۣתܽ˸ۡ
ԼĪյĹһƳ۵ħ߳˸ۡȻҲһʿ´ۣ¶һ˿ɫ
ţδԶӭѲҪ֡˺ܿ¶ЦݣǺЦ
˵ﻰðòǡҲһ䡣
˼ƣа˿
ͨǰݷñɼҼɡǺһЦǰ·
ɫݵĸ˺档
˽˴ţׯ԰Ȼչǰ
ϼҵĸۡԳȷΪשߣԼɼһЩʣʶԳһ£ȻûУȻʩĳĽơ
߹հ˹֮˺ܿһ֮С
֮Уһü֮ϣȲ衣
Ų̧֮ͷ˹ײһ𣬻һۣҲֳɻɫ
¾ϼҼɣðáȭ˵
ѣؿü¶һ˿ЦգһָԱߵӡ
£һᣬŮͻ衣
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ϣָıħ½Ĵ֮һϼ壬ϼ鲼ħ½ڱݣʶ֮
Ǻǣĳ֮ˣˣҲû飬ֻǴһȡһѡĳһЦ˵
üһ
Ŀһһ̧֮нһһöɫķƣһħ֡
üĿһеĽɫɫȻ䣬Ȼվ
˿üߵ飬ɫ΢΢һ䣬漴Ŀ⿴еĽɫһ˿ɻɫ
üϸеĽɫһջĿ⣬ĿƵĿ
̹Ȼ֮ӣƬ֮󣬰üĺһһԵĻ˵ϣϣȥɣºλѵ̸̸
һ˰üһۣ˵ͷת߳˴
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˵仰ü߼Ҵҵ߽˴š
ĿһתΧĺɫƴ˼ֻۣͨĸϽƣɫ΢΢һɣ㰲Ȼ
СӺ󣬰ü˻һľУСİڴһ֮ϡ
߶ľһ񣬲Ž򿪣һҲɳһöɫ
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ĳ΢¶ŭ漴ҡҡͷĳҲֻħǰУȡѡħǰû֪˿ںδ
Ī֣ಢҪٸʵסϼһ𶥴٣ҵħǰȥǵ֮Ϊ˱˶һֱΪħǰػһ¹شؽһüЩǸ˵
Ŀһ˿ɫ˲תͷȴ˿ûб¶˵Ȼˣ֪ħ֮ѪǷϼ֮У
ħ֮ѪȷʵڸأѼȻֳִ˷֤ħǰĹϵˡҪȡߴĳ˫ַϡüԣ˵ͷ
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üһ֣ѾһɫУиʵʵ˺ü
ֻһԭܿҵиǴ򿪣һ͸ˮ
ѣȷһüһת֣зǰ
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͸ˮ￴ȥֻһָ׸ǴСʺѪҺˮ֮Уˮܸܵɢľħ
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뿪ϸ廯Ϊһڹ⣬ȥֱɳǧͣȡ˷ħ֮Ѫˮ
ڴʱϺһħӰֶеˮһۣ˵ˣѾõħ֮ѪֻҪһħŨ֮أԪ֮ұʩħ֮Ѫˡ
ǰȻıԶǣȻǰ뵽ħ֮Ѫرֵطָ˵
ǵԶΪˣû뵽վóħĿ΢ĵһ䡣
˵ͷҲûж˵ʲôֽħ֮Ѫ󣬷ȡƤͼ鿴
طˣֱӴϿ붫«ɽһħԴСõĻ˵ҵһħԴħĿһ漴Ϊһڹ⣬ڡ
ԣԶ߿һۣɵ˼һ󷭶
ħħ½ƺѲ˺֣ܶħ֮ѪҲãǸҲãΪ֮Ӧͼıġ
ħ깲½һ񣬿¾ͻΪħеˡ
ĿǰΪԼƺûʲôһһˡ
мƶ󣬵һĻΪһɫ磬Ͽȥ
Ķ٣ûñϿ
ϿȿʮǱļĳӣߵɽڷǳ⻬ķ·ɵһ㡣
ϿںһƬŨĺɫԶĶ«ɽҲУЩɭȻɡ
˴ֻǶ«ɽΧûڹȿֱӻΪһڹ⣬Ͽȥ


1275 Ԫ֮
룬ΧħԽŨԭЩߵĵϣʼïʢĲľ
ǱħմȾԵʣɽʯľҲǳֳҺڵɫ
ʱ󣬲ŽŻ˶٣Ѿ«ɽħŨֹ
֮⣬пʼƵĳһЩι״ħޡ
Щħ޿ͨ޲ֻ࣬ϻٵĶһЩħơ
۸ʵԣħԶԶͬ׵ͨޣĴЩͽħޣǻƺǰ޵ϲ٣ɢԶ浤ѹЩħ޻Ŀ¶׹⣬η˹Ȼնɱˡ
ڼ˺ɫɽ֮£ݹͣת׿һɽ֮£üͷһ漴һķ˹ȥ
ɨһƬɽ·¶һΪεɽڡ
ǴƮһƵħֲ
ųʶӦһ¶е΢΢һзһס
ɽȻЩխռȴǲСƺʲôڳһֱͨص
ڵص̾һΪŨĺɫħ
ּӦһħ޵ĳѨӦһƵħǴӶѨƮ
΢һдʣһ߶޼׾ûһɫס
˵Ĵ½ǶʱΪÿϧĽעצ㣬ʹȫ˳ڣɫɫɫɫԽҫϢҲѴﵽ˻ڣʩչ޼׾ǷѾѷڷˡ
Щٴдʣ屻һ㵭֣ʩչ˳ͼڣϢ˲֮У·ƾʧһ㡣
漴һΪһӰɽ֮С
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Ŀɽһͣɽȥʮ֮ɽѨһۣŵȥ
ӰϢһתۣ·ȥ
Ѩʼһɣɣ·ɺ󣬶ѨСѾ߰ɿ
ѨѾൽˡ
俰֮ʱһŨħɵĶѨײȻһ費ͣĺɫȪۡ
Ȫ֮кȻð˿˿ƵĻɫħ̺˲ٴϸ˿
ħ֮¶ϲɫɫȪȻֻһħԴ͸¶ħУȻ̺˲ħ֮
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ͻȻüͷһһģ£ʧԭء
ӰʧһӰϢĵһ£δȫʧĲӰͷ­϶
ٶ֮죬Ƶʯһ㣡
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Ŀһת˳ɿصĳӰȥһƬڰ֮УԼɼһϸͷֻ۾ɢɫĹ⣬գҲգĶ
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ڳɫͷ˲䣬˫ĿȻͷڹһħӡǸֶͬʱֱһž󣬾ȻִһȦĻһӰֱ̽ɫ֮С
һҽУ
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漴ָһָ⴦ɳϸڹ⣬һ²ħ޵ͷ­С
̹һɫ˿һȭͷСĹţħͷ­֮з˳ͷħ޵ľǡ
һӰϷɳƣһҧסɫţſȥ漴ֻһӰС
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һħԴȻСǾȻħ֮ѾǷǳʺǲԪصˣɡħ컰һת˵
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΢һ¸ոսĺۼһ֣ȡһѵĲϣЩΪ˲Ԫ֮׼Ĳϡ
գħָ֮£ħԴȪ۸һķ
Ԫ֮ͼԶԶûǰ㸴ӡѯ֮£ħ˵ѰԪ֮󣬲Բٿħ֮Ѫڡ
ŰɣǰħҪԪϡ
ħԴĵϣСĻηƷΣ˴˽һ
ħվԪ󸽽дʣִһʱɢڹ⣬͵һ
ãԪѾϣʱԿʼˡħ컺˵
˵ͷһӣȡ˺һ̡
ֻ裬̻Ϊһâû˶Ѩ
ħ쿴Ķ΢΢һЦû˵ʲô
СӺԪ󸽽иֳƹâԪħԴ档
⼸ƣ㲻ݼԪʱ졣
СĽܺãѹ޲Tѡһε֮ħȻ˵
ǰˣ㿪ʼɡһЦĻ«һһɺ˳ΪЫӰ
Ыħ֮Ѫڼ䣬Ͱ㿴ˡԸ˵


1276 ħͫ
ЫϵϢ֮ǰӴһЩʱпܽ󾳡
Ŀħһۣ˵ͷߵһվ
ȡħ֮Ѫħ죬漴ĺһ£ɵԪм䣬ϥ
ħ쵭Ŀһۣһ̧֣ڹɢɳûԪ֮С
󷨷˵ͬʱʼеһƻӿ˴Ƭĺڹ⡣
Ҳʼ˵һȦȦķ˷ɢȥѾǰú˼󷨣Щķ
ЫĿסħĶոСĿرעħһһ
ħ֮Խ٣
ӿĺڹ۳һСĺ壬ߡ
ȻѾ˫ۣǶΧ֪ĺ΢΢һ
ȶ񣬽ħ֮Ѫʱ򣬻вСʹϱЯ˾ħӦò̫ʹǡħ
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ħˣмֿʼϵ䣬һ
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ħȻ׼ͺһһӣһƬڹɳѪɫС˰档
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Ыɳ˶Ѩֻɽİ֮УһϺɫӰϺµķɿڷɣٶ֮죬ۻҡ
ڷ֮ʣð˴ƬϺڹâԽԽһֺ裬·Ƭ֣ͬʱΧԪôҡ
ӰһȻڰͣסһӣƬɫâӿâһϹ۳ɫУ˲ϯɵķΧ
һֻ΢΢һҲɳƬڹ⣬¡¡УΪһƬɫ𺣡
ֻӶɫ𺣺ɫб˴˽װľԶԶ˳ȥҲֳϺɫˮ
һ֮󣬰еϺڹâɢˮһûڣӰӰ¡
ħ֮ѪħĲٿ˺üΣѾֱܹΧħ
ϲ˳ħ֮ѪʵЫӭ
ʵ㲻ϣһЩٿħļɶѣͬʱʹýӽħ˶ѡ˵
˻ʵ飬ħ֮ѪûʹķֻǸһѡ
ˣħǰҪ۱仯飬ոħͫʲô˷ɹħ죬֮ͫٴθֳɫâ


1277 ħ
ٺ٣ħ֮»֪࣬ÿħʹԪ󣬼Ѫ֮ʱ򣬶иĲһ츳ͨ츳ͨдСȫƾ˻Եħ֮ѪҲΪ˰ħˣħͫͨҲ֡ħٺһ˵
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Ѿݱ˿ˣһǽһʱ䣬뽫챮һ£һЩʵǺõġħһ£˽
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ѵħ֮Ѫõô󣬻ħ촫ļŸ
һ˼ûеóʲôֻۣ׿ͷִŻ챮ĺɫʢ˼֡

ʱţһµʱת۶
ǰĻ챮ͨ˸žӨĹâڰ׸ıɢڰɫĹâ
ϸֳһֻͫǻħͫ˿̻ħͫڰյ״̬
۾һ֮иԷɳɫΪССĺɫģɿ͸˻챮֮С
챮ϵĺڰɫâ͵һϸֳ˸ӵķģֻеһıĶ޹⡣
˸ӷһֳȥ챮Ϻڰ׹âҲɢ
ɫһɣһУ챮С
˸ŵĹâԼһ˿ϵ
¶һ˿ϲɫһµʱ䣬ڳ˻챮ƷĶ֮
Ҫȫӳ챮뽫ϵİ˸ƻգҲǰ˸ӷȫС
Ҫ쵽飬ûͨΪǲܵġ
ֻǳ챮ҲѾϲ⡣
ԤƵһĺܳɹһħӰٴθֶ
ħǰ̴к
ȻֻһƻգӦѾչħ򣬶ͬ磬ǱһʿвСӰ죬Ҹ᳢һ¡ħ쿴˻챮һۣ΢΢һЦ˵
ͷͻȻ뵽ʲôһ㣬ת׿˱һԵЫһۡ
Ы˿ѾΪĥ̴СɫЫϰī֭һŨĺڲͣı仯״
ħԴȪħ֮Ы˹ȥ
һϲЫɢѹߺͣΪңħԴ֮Ĵпܽ
һ۱ջĿ⣬һŶѨڷȥ
ʱܴŵЫ
ܿ죬棬һ֣챮ǰ
΢ָ죬˻챮ϣ̷˺ڰɫ⡣
ɫ£ֺ£漴ſ
Ķڰɫ͵Ĵţɫâںһ𣬻Ϊ˻ҰһĴڡ
Ұɫâһ³˷ɢȥתۼγֱԼ߰СĻҰɫοռ䡣
ܿȥ¶˾ϲ֮ɫȻûʵսߵݣԴ˻ħѾ
¸£
Զһɽɽ֮УͻȻһеֻ߰峤Ļɫ˳ƺǱŵˡ
⼸ֻݶлڵʵﳤذװɭΪ׶׹һ˫һչ˹
һߣħȻ˼֣һ½Щɫ֮С
ɫһմȾеĻҰɫҡ·һҡ
ֻ֮߰ɫ񳹵ֹͣ˶·ʯͷһȥͨһ˵ϡ
ǼˣЩɫҲû׳˯˹ȥ
ۼ˾¶һ˿ɫִħ˸˼£ɢ
ֻҪħ֮УܶԷʲôֶΣܸӰ졣ڻֻǳ챮ֻҪܵƻգͨµʿֻҪħ֮УȻ⼸ֻһ㣬ױԻǣҲᱻӰ죬ȻʵȻɽնɱħ٩٩̸˵
ħĻû¶˵ɫƺ˼ʲô
ħǰһҪ̡κźĿ˵
˵ɡħһ
֮ǰҲԹ챮Ȼ˲ٹ򣬵˵Ǻ޽չΪβһ£ܽ챮زħ۾ʵ


1278 
ħɫһͫһ˿ޣǰȻЩħϾħ壬챮ϾħĶ취⣬㵱ʱ֪Ķż֮޷кֵģ
Ŷֻԭǰ˵챮ıոʩٿصʱΪû˿ɬ֮УħǰΪ½󡣡ɫ˵
ħŴԣƬ̣̾˿ʲôҲСӣܹʹû챮ȷʵҶһЩֽš֮ǰħ֮ѪʱҽԼĲѪ֮Ҳڽڡͬո˵챮ҵıҪӳ챮ҪӵҵĲѪ֮
ĿĺڣŴԣɫһƬˡ
ʲôĿģֻΪܹ˳ƿػ챮ѡΪҹͬĿģԺҪΣԶԶǲܵǿʵֻǺܿҪħɫ˿˵
Ŵԣͷת
ħ˵ûʵɣţļʶħ̫Զ²ħ˼
˲תͷħȴɫ˿ĺҲûп˵
һΣһΣǰٶҵٶƴͬھҲưոݵġ˿һһٵ˵
ѶˣͬͬԼЦħЦЦ˵
һһ֣һڹûһŴסħûӰ
ڹһħ챻ǿ壬ͬʱħĴĵطʩ˼ӡħĻ
ħںֻħû壬޷䳹׽סġ
ڣħ췢˺ĵ͵Ц漴ȥ
ڰĬȻվãɫһ仯󣬳һ
ħȲ֪˶ħͷ޿ȣ۹ʶ̫ԶϤħ½ֱܾǣűߣȴ޿κεĸо
ˣֻܶħ찵жˡ
ڣħ˵Ѿ˻챮취ʵȷʵǿ˲١
Ŀڻ챮ϣƬ֮һŶѨ֮зȥ˱ܵǿһЩʵ
ڴ˿̣·Ѩľһ£һִޱȵɫâмлХ֮
֮еԪҲ֮ҵĽѨϷ֮УƬĺƾոֶ׷м俿£ܿ۳һƬԲʮСĺɫУգʹöѨ·ĿռҰһƬ
֮һӴӺɫдԲڵԪ˹֮еâ˸ĺ
Σһ̶¶˿ϲɫ
ǰİΪڲǰҲһĻЫ浤Բͣãڿʼ󾳽ˡ
޴ԽתԽ죬֮´Ƭĺɫƣ׷˶Ѩ֮С
ÿһƣѨ֮ЫɢϢԽһ֡
ĿǰЫƿĽȻȽ˳ûãѾСƷȥ
Űٶȣ˿漴Ŀ⳯Χһɨһɵһ嶥Դ
˴ƣǲǿסģȻǶ«ɽ˼ѱ˵ע⡣
ڵʵֻҪͨĴܣʶܹӦ
ţϥ£ʶչ
ʱһһȥеĺɫھ˶Ѩ֮С
һХӶѨдŶѨ֮ð˴Ƭɫ⣬Щ̺˼Ϊ·ܵʲôһ㣬һζ
ɫâХ֮䣬ڰս֯۳һͷʮɴСɫЫࡣ
ЫֻӶΧУ޴ķɢ֮ٴθֳ˴Ƭĺơ
εĺƺ֮ǰĴͬɢһɱ֮⡣֮дһףһɫ֮дһʱµӡ
׽١еƣɫ΢΢һЩǵĿ˾Ыࡣ
ȻЫӰϵû˿η壬Ȼ̧˾׶Ʒ˻
յԽԽ󣬽ɫ绡Ȼ׹ɫ绡׹£˾Ыࡣ
Ы෢һ˻ֻ͵һӣƬϯ۳һɫϼͷ
ɫ绡ϼ֮ϣˆ죬ɫϼƵȴϵļͣеĽɫ绡
˾ɫһɡ
ͻȻɫһȻתԶĳȥͫиֳһƬɫâµõħͫͨ
֮⣬һһ
ݹɢħΪǿңȻ󾳵ħˣ
ͷתͷֳ⣬һһģ֮У·ƾʧһ㡣
ݹ˽⻪һֳħʿӰ
УһǺ췢۵ӣϸüϸۣϴưɫ
һһӣҲֻʮӣ°Ŵĺ룬Ϊš
˿Ыķڵֵ׽٣϶ʱ¶һ˿ϲɫ
ҹ֣ڶ«ɽջ񲻶࣬û뵽˿ȴʱתڴ˷ħ޽󾳣ٺ٣һȱһħ裬ҽշȥԺúҫһˡ췢ЦһҪ֡
һ£˺췢ǰ漴Ȼһ֣һɫâѸޱȵļһ֮
¡ɫâȻѿ
֮иֳƬĺڹ⣬ӰһֳһӵӰ
췢ɫȻüѿλڶ˵бǰոðȻ֣´˿Ѿ⵽͵Ϯ
ǺˣΪڴҶˣ̤ǰһ´һۣ˵
Ǻǣ仰Ҫλҵħڴ˵ض׽٣ϣλҪźáӵĿһ˿ɫһЦ˵
췢һڵΪΪԸߣﵽڣ侹ȻܹͼͨԲС
Ŷħ裿Ǻǣкƾ֤йâһһ֣󣬵˵
˵䣬ĸֳһСĺɫ㣬漴Ϣɢ֮С
ҹ֣αغ˷ϻֱӽɱħˡ췢ϸֳһ˿ŰɫȺ˵ϸֳƬĳɫ棬ȻΪһ˶Ļ򣬳˹
δɵǰһǿҵȸѾϮ
⿴ͨĻ棬Ȼ̺ĸ£֮ҲƺƵŤ


1279 սǿ
ĿһݣһӣĽָ֮˽֮ϡ
һŽɫӽ֮зһĻΪһʮɳĽɫ硣
ִһɫһģ£ȻΪ߰˵һģһĽ磬ն˳ɫ֮ϡ
ɫݿĽɫն˼֣Ȼѿǻ֮пտҲȻûк췢Ӱ
һ˿죬һɫһ䣬͵һ㣬峯ź󷽵ȥ
θոյɳһܼİϸâϷովĵط
¡һ
ŴԶĿĺɫŸֶȻ󼱾תۼ仯һŽľ޴ڣԭվȻ
ͬʱ췢ӰϿոֶһɫĻ֮ɫâƲݣɢǿҵħ
ۼ˹ȥ췢ɫһ漴ŭһһ֮ٴηɳ˴Ƭİϸâ۵ƿ֮·һ㣬ֶ
ϸâַΧ㣬޷
һһսϽɫâţȻǴɰɳľ޽ڵͷɿԭתγһ޴ĽɫԲ̡
췢ˣиֳһ˿ıóѵɫ
Щϸ˿Դ֮еĻħжϡϲƶɵڤ롣
һʿۼ˶ķ빥ضΪȡʤȻǿڤַƶɣרƸַ֣˷ʤ
֪жжԵħʿΪ㣬ڤ֮£󾳵Ĵڡ

ϸâ˽ɫԲϣ췢Ԥ֮еĽԲ̱״͸ûзǰ뱻ޱȵս飬ΪССİɫ⣬ð
췢ۼ˾һʹϧĴС
ڤ޾ʱ䣬Ƴǧոת֮㱻˰ࡣ
췢æʣڤͬʱһ֣Ϸɳһ⣬һΪһצĻԣ˹
зһ䣬ɫַɿɢ»Ϊһɫ޽ӭ˻Զȥһģ˻ϡ
ɫһҽҲûзһ㱻նء
ѿͨķɽʵɽĥ£˽ʱķ裬Ϊʩչ֮£֪֮ˡ
췢ڶ̶Ϣ֮䣬һαɫʱʶԷǱ濴ȥô򵥣ûмת׿һԵĺӡ
һĿҲ˺ϣոպͺ췢꽻֮ʣǷڴϡ
ԶѨϷɫЫ໹ڲϻһԾɫӰֵµ׻˿̣˽ɫ绡ѾǴֱ۴ϸЫȻֵܵǿѾЩˡ
Увɵ𼸷ֽ֮ɫ
ʵǿӦò֪ܷ֮ͨĬȻƬ̣˵
˭νλʹȥΪһͷħ裬ػֵಫɡźӣ䵭˵
ħ½ã˵һ֪⣬ܵĻ³ң󾳽ħˣȻǷ֮
췢ֱԼĴڣŭɫʢۼûжҲǿסֵĳ嶯
۾ֱƬ֮Ϻ¶һ˿Цݣ˵Ķԣһֻħѣಫ¸ҹϣպһܹټ档
˿ɫȴ˿Ҫ˵֮кĴħСģ
ħ컰δ䣬Ϲ˸ħͫԼ׽Ե֮ղһȻֳһ糤ĺɫӰһԲ˼ٶԴ
һʯ֮͵һͷͬʱָһһɫ׼ȷն˺ɫӰϡ
һֱ̣ӴӳӰϷ˹ȥɫӰ·һ㣬
ɫӰתۼ˵ǰһ̱Ҫڡ
ɫüĴϹһֳһɫӡǣҪ
ڴ˿̣͵ҲɳһӰƳ棬Ŀһһţһڽĳҧס
ɫС岻Ťϧû˿ô
Ƴһ̧ͷһڽɫСȥ
ɫһ˺ɫС棬һУһڡ
һ̣ǰһһ޴ĺɫâȻ

ЦһзһȣǰâһֳһСĺڰɫĳǻ챮
ɫâȻն˻챮֮ϣϹâ˸һĦ֮ɫâ֮Ȼѡ
ֻһɾݹ˴Զվ塣
ǰԶһɫͷ󵶣ȴȻɫȻոյĺɫâ䷢ġ
ܣʲôȻҵγ棿ŭȵʵ
¸£
һͻȻһ֮иֳһֻɴСĳݣϵëһɫĻ棬˫չʮɴСǵصĳ˹
췢Ӵ˿Ҳ˹
һһӣɽɫâţɽ˲ںһ𣬻ΪһɴСɫɽ壬ӭ˳ɫݡ
ײ֮£ʱһ޴ĺâɢ䡣
Ŀֳֺɫͷ󵶺Хĺϣɱһдʣ챮ֶһƬڰɫϼзɾһ½ɫͷϯϼУӰƲ˥ĳϯȥ
һ֮£ſ³һӺɫƣͬʱε
ȻڴʱڰɫϼȴȻһĵأɿӿ˲ſ˻ħ򣬻ҰɫĹâ˷ԲķΧһδ㿪ĺ췢꼰ɫС
췢걻ڰɫâһɨ̸ֳɵɫɫϺһ˸Ѹޱȵ˥ȥ
ɫɽâţûѹȶ£ײ˳ɫϡ
ɫݿзһȻѿΪŻ棬Ʈɢ
ɫɽƲ˥ž޴ƣѹ˺췢ȥ
ǧһ֮ʣ췢һ˿зһͷ֮Ϻһɳһ׵ľ˷Ӱ
׾һţסɫɽѹȡ
췢Ȼǿƽл¶һ˿ʹɫȻǻڱħӰ졣
ڴ˿̣췢һֳһŵɫԲ򣬺Ȼս衣
һģź췢ĲתһȦ
췢˲̣һͷ­һᣬȥ
һźɫǴӺ췢ϼϧûɳԶ㱻ս׷ϣһ»ɢ
׳챮ɱ췢֮꣬Ϸִǡôνһǳɡ
֣
Ӵ˿ʮ⣬ǰĹӺɫɢڹ⣬棬ԶԶĿ췢ĳһ˿塣
˵ʱʱ죬ںӷֲ֮ʱǰڹһһɫӰ˲ưΧѸޱȵת


1280 Ы
һʱ䣬ٵӰںƲݣͬʱƿһɫȭӰ令ڹ֮ϣ¡¡ĺ
޴ʱúɼһΣͷĺɫҲǹâ˸ѡ
ͬʱ챮źڰɫϼһչĻħʱҲֽС
ʲôͷôȻҲ˿£
оŭӣ
ȻҲħӰ죬֮Ⱥ췢Ҫ߳࣬£ǿŵס
ס󣬽ȫķע뵽ͷĶƷ֮Уȹķ˿ҷɡ
һƣ³ʲô
Ӱ󷨴߶˼£һźӣֻȭͷ֪Ӷ˶ٴΡ
˹֮£ɽҲѾˣǺͷĶȴԾȹػķ겻͸
йâһͻȻһӰĵͬʱҧ⣬һѪһŵû˲ԶĻ챮֮С
챮âΧĻҰһ󷭹Ƭħһգۼ۳һҰӰ
һָҰӰһģӶȥ
ҰӰһ٣ֱӴ͸˺ӵĻڹ⣬һģ֮£ת˺ӵ֮С
ɫ䣬ֻһɱȻħǿľ޴񹥻ֱӳʶС
һ̣иֳʹɫͷĺɫƹâһ˸µĺڹһζ¶Щ©
ɫһϲнһߣսһģӺɫ¶ķ϶롣
ɫâһţؿڴѪէ֣Ȼսֱն롣
ɫҰޱȣиֳһ˿ɫģһſڣһɺڹ⣬˺ɫ֮ϡ
ɫһݺύƹâţһ͵رѿΪһźɫ籩˷ϯ
ħ֮УҰںɫ籩֮£һҷ
Ҳը屻ֱ˳ȥɳʮɲſվΡ
ɫ΢΢ЩףƺҲһСˣڷתɫâһΧȥ
Ƭ֮¶һ˿ЦһΣʧټ
һ̣УӰһιʮֳ֮
˵һֻһץʱָϯһɫצŹ·Ƭ¡
ۡһ
һŰӰڹζȴһ̵ͨСˣǺӵľǡ
Ҫ֮ǰħԱĺȻߣȴûϵ类ħͫһʶơ
һУأС˰ʵʵ
һӰϷɳƣһţһҧסɫСˡ
㲻ɱң֪˭ɱңһڵģɫС¶֮ɫһͬʱŭ֮Ĵ
ЦһһʼɱˣǴʱȻһߡ
һҽУ
±㽫ɫСȥ漴Ӱһķɻڡ
һ̣һΪľʶУΪá
ĺһִһ챮âһħȻɢ
췢ͺӵʬͬʱȥ˵ϣû⣬ȡһöָҩſȥ
漴ת׿ԶЫڵĶѨϿգ׽ٻڼȻ
еĺɫиֳһɫ绡ȻǾס
ۼ˾ϸֳ˵ǵɫ
Ы˿֮̿ǰʵ˺ܶ࣬ϵɫ׿ǣҲദĺۼ
гֵľףЫ¶һ˿壬漴ֱһɺ֮ɫѹзһ޴˻
һ󷭹ɫ绡۳ϰöɫ¡
Ы෢һУһ˫浲ǰͬʱͷϵĽӡһƬɫϼ⣬һ˫֮ϡ
̸ֳɫ·һööɫ棬ȻζǾصΪȹ̡
ɫѿɫߣڷ߲
ЫһţһɫâסЩɫߣſȥ
Ыʵ˲٣ͬʱϵ֮Ҳʼ޸
ˣɫһɣ֪Щ׽٣Ыʮа˾ܹȻȹйעΧȫעĵȴ
ֳһ㹤ڼɫµԽԽ٣СȴԽԽ
ڣһ˶ɫ򣬲ɫЫӰͷųһƬɫϼ⻥ɫƺȻɢ
ʱɫЫӰʵޱȣͷ­ϵĽӡǸŵĽɫ⡣
ˣвɴ˿
ɫâ˼ºɫЫһΪɫϼ⣬˶Ѩ֮С
ˣڡͻˡЫϲ
ãȽħԴ֮һΪһ䣬һ˺췢ͺӵʬ帽
Ŀ˺ӵʬ֮ϣһ˿ɫ
ոʹǸɫСƺʲôγ桯ʲôƺ黯Ҳûáƺ
νγ桯ʵһĳӣԾ֮һ׳棬רʿꡣΪûʵ壬ԺǿһķҲûáȴܹǡôĿҲСáڣħ췢һЦ
üͷһ塣
ûʩҵľ֮⡮γ桯ʮɵķΧӦþܹ֣ҲͲˡħ廨ŵĹֶμ࣬СӣԺĪУǽҪжΪáħ˵
һδţߵʬԣһУһöɫֱϷ˳С
ʶɫ֮У漴һ֣϶һƬ󲿷ֶһЩģʯҩһɢǿҺڹħȻЩƷħӦٿ֮ࡣ
ôƷħħ½һʾ޿ˡ
¶һ˿ϲɫֽЩħģҩҲϸһ飬һһջֽС
ʱϵĶ붼УһЩħȶ
ףһȴڵħ졣
СӣһɫùħЩࡣ
üһĿڵһɨһУϵһС
Ƶһ̻ŹֵĻƣһͼһȴֻħ֡
ЩҲѾѧϰ˺ܶħ½֪ʶħеġߺա֡
ߺաѵħ½Ĵ֮һߺռˣɫ΢΢һ˵


1281 
²ֹˣߺռƣ˿Ǹߺռֱϵӵܡħ쵭˵
Ŵԣһ
ħ½ٲ˽⣬һֱϵӶһζʲôʮġ
㣬̴ͷЫӣϽ뿪ܵԽԶԽáħٴ
˵ͷĿ˵ϵļħ֮ϡ
ЩҲҪߣ֪ߺռΪóľ׷١֮ǰħĻҪЩħȻմȾСӵϢϣߺռ˱ܹԴ׾ٵ׷ٵ㡣ħ˵
̾˿ûӵļֻǻȡ˺췢Ĵ﷨ħĵȶߣмĶҲϤ˴˵ء
ֱһŻ˺Ӷϣ˵ʬճ˻ҽ
ЩȷΧûйԼ˿һ˵¶Ѩ֮С
Ƭ֮һڹ˸˼£ʧԶʡ

ɶݶߺûãݹԶ۶һֳ߰˸Ӱ˶Ѩ
Ϊ׵ĺȻħʿһһߣһٸÿһ˶ɢ󾳵ӴϢ
˿սۼ͵ɢɫѿ֮
ҹүľĲ߱û߸˺ӵĺɫͷ󵶣
ߴ˿гһһĽӵ˶һۣ϶һƬ
ٸַһ⣬˺췢ļħŵǰһ£ɫҲ
߸߿дʣü֮зɳһƬӨ⣬Χ
Ƭ֮۾мѵ˵кǿԹҹүͻѹѾ
ʲô˸ɵģҹүʵѾڵʿټϻѹӣѵͨµ֣۲²
ԣɫҲһ䣬Ŀ⳯Χȥ¶㷲ɫ
ͨܳɱ˺ˣҲǳΣա
ڴ˿̣߸ϹâһһڳĹžһһתֳȭͷСĺɫģһ޳Ӱڷлֶ
޳ȫһ㵭ĺڹֻ֣Լòһ쳣ģ
ݼ𣡡߰߶˼״̸޳Ӱݵȥ
һԵĺٸԶļħʿҲæ
֮Уҹı֮ѾϨ𣬼ǣ﾿˺£޳ӵ˵
ҹͻѹڶ«ɽ֪˻ɱµȸϵʱ򣬵ѾԶߡ߸߼æֳ˵һ
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Ȧ˲ɢɽȶС
ɫȦ֮£Χĵ棬ƺһ㣬΢΢ԭһգϸֳһƵĻҰɫ壬ԼɫĽâлԡ
޳¶һ˿ЦݣһɫȦѸٵСͬʱҲҰɫ壬ɫâҲ£˹
ɫȦΪһƴСķܹһЩҰɫԼɫâӡ档
ش󷨹ȻޱȣƾǸνƻҲӲ˵ġ߸߹ά˵
ϢӦһʿӦһ費ǳĽޣͬʱƺͨ޳ӿеķ¶һ˿֮ɫл˵
ڳʿԣ϶¶˳Ծɫ
ϢѾɢ˴룬ƾɼôһϢڣҲ޷׷١Ҽǵϴеʮ̣ƾһϢӦܴ¸ӦǸֵλá޳ӶԸ߸˵
߸һ漴̵ͷȡһƴСͨʻɫֳ̣ʮݣʮŹֵħġ
޳Ӽˣ˵Ļַһɫϸֳһɫһöö·ڹиֶ
޳ӽеķӽ˻ɫ֮Уȼ˻ɫĻ棬·ȼһ㣬ɫȻ˱仯Ϊ˻Ұ֮ɫͬʱһ⣬ͬʱмָɿת
Ǻһ̵ָ֮뻹ڷɿת˿ûͣµ˼
޳ɫЩѿ߰߶˻һۣҲæͷҴһ¡
žһ죬ϵķ˿ȼմѿ
쳣֮Զݣ˿ѾʮܸӦķΧǼڶ«ɽѰֵټü䲼׷ɱ˺ҸߺռϵӵܣȻҪ丶ѪĴۡ޳ɫѿĶԸ߰߷Ըһ䣬һ˸ʹɢ
߰ߴӦһ޳ʧ֮һ̼ݹ⣬Ŷ«ɽ֮ȥ
λѣһһҲǸֻɱǸߺռҵǸֵѶϢ֪ͨһٸˣæ˵
Ǹߺռһӹ壬ڶ«ɽģҲСȻԶԶߺռˡ
ӷģڶ«ɽһѲһ»Ҫǰæġ߸˵
ٸȻͷ˼ӿݹ⣬תۼʧʡ

ʱ뿪®ɽ󣬻һɫĶݹ⣬һ·񱼶ȥ
ϧ߶սʩչɫļӳ£ٶȻޱȣһɳŽٶȡ
ʱΪ˶ܻܿѭ׷ĸߺ֮ˣ˿ҷɣʱ̽񾭣ʱת䷽רһЩƫƧ·
˻˰ʱоյħ½ƫԶ֮أݡ
ݾɽӳ£ѩȥȻһƬããع硣
˿ڰУǰһƬɽ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ǲݵı߾ɽԶԶȥԿɽԼдСʮǳػׯ԰˴֮䶼Զ򰵵Ĳ˲ٰڻǷơ
Щǳػׯ԰ΧвŸɫµħʿѲ߲ͣ
۲Ƭ̺󣬼ͷһȻһ⣬ŵ泯ɽȥ
ΪټϳͼڵĻ֣Ȼһ·ĳֱ롣
һһεĳһģΪΰĴׯ԰һɽͷϡ
ԶԶȥׯ԰ĳǽϣһӭƮҡϣӡһġࡱ֡
ͻȻһһɫһڰеһת£ͻΪһڹ⼤һŵʧˡ
һк󣬱ԹԵɽͷϥ£˫Ŀ


1282 
Ƭ̹򣬲Զľ޴ׯ԰֮Уԭյȸ¥СĴţȻ򿪡
һм֮£ɵڵɽͷϿա
ȥ¶һɫ۵Ӱ
俴ֻʮģȻ˫հݣȻͷ׷ΪԼĪ󾳺ڵӣԲвٲࡣ
гһöɫǰö
˿俴ĿУ˾δ֮ɫ´˼ۺ󣬳ʵʲôˣΪλӵд˷
˫ۣɫݵվеİ׷˹һ񣬵˵ҪҼһ档
ұǵҼҪк飬˵ˡ׷˲ɫ˵
ԭ±Ҽʧ´ǰֻΪڡ˵ͷ¶ԭ˵飬ɫһ˵
Ŷ֪νġڡǺ˼׷Ŀһɫ˼֣ʵ
ԨԴһλ֮ڸϸڣ˴ű֪˵ţһһŴһɶ׷˷ȥ
׷˽ŽɵֽӹţĿһɨҼ
ŷϳ⼸ħĴ⣬һƹŹ쳣ķţһĻв΢΢һ
һſĬһɬ
һ̣ŷϵĹŹַȻзɳһС֣Բ˼ٶһû˰׷˵ĶͷӰ
׷һ̶ɫһ䣬¶һ˿Ź֮ɫĳ˵ԭ¾ħĺᣬһ𣡡
һһ롱ơ
лҲֱվ׷˹˹֣漴һΣҡڵĳׯ԰ŷȥ
׷˵һתȡһ洫Ѷ̣˫ɿ⶯˼º㽫һգͬŷȥ
ׯ԰ڣӳģһ޴ĳι㳡۴αȵʯЩˣȴΪ
ڹ㳡룬һų۵ӵܣͷ­΢΢̧¶˫Ϭ˫ĿԶգƺҪһһ㡣
󷽣һΪΰĴ͹
ҼĴ£ֱŹ㳡򻺲ȥ
·Щ׵ʿȻʶһԵҼɫ֮ΪӣȻҶʲôˡ
ʱ˱һǰһ˹֮Уֱһ
ΪеϿһˣǽһһӣͬף˫Ŀǰ֮ǰׯ԰㳡ϵĵȻͬһˡ
Եִ˿̻һŮ
˼׷˽󣬷׷վ˹һ񣬿гƺ
˰˰֣ʾⲻض󣬱ǰȥ
˶Դһ˿Ĵ
˿ͬڴǣֻĿһɨ㽫òΪ۵ס
ߵķֱһͷ׳һŰɫߵӡ
֣һ񻣬üĴһŮӡ
ͷ׳ӶΪŮڵӡ
ʱټλˣʵΪһ¡׷ͷ׳ִָָʾȥ󣬱һεĳϣ˵
ҳƺЩĪһۣĿٴͶ˰׷ˣƺڵȥԴǡ
λѣħǰ½ĺᣬΪ󣬴˴λڣʵ˱һ¡֪ѣԸԸα峤һְһۣ󲻻Ųæ·ֻ˵һ΢֮һ㡣
һԾ
䲻Ĵ㴫оԶҲϺŵĴˡͻȻðһݲ֮ˣһҪα峤һְҾôǷסδڣŰɫߵվ˵
Ϊ漰˥˲£峤ҪᡣһԵŮͬվһ۵˵
֪ħڲ֪ǰʧ٣ʱͻȻֺˣʵЩΡͷ׳ͷȻҲǲš
λϵĵĲ޵ȿǺƺϵ˻һ㣬ֲһתһöɫһա
öϼ⻷ƣһСһĺɫڱתͣ
뿴գʱɫһ
ħ١ѵΨħϵѪ߷ɴ߶µģ벻ö˵˰ɡޱ˵
˵ˣͷ׳ɫɣƺ˴£ͷ΢΢˵ͷ
ŮǿһԵһۣû˵
ݴħΪͨһǳ뻯¼Ȼħˣһ洫̨һӮӣ޶ҿ»ĪҪڴ˺ʲôˣڮħĺպӺ˵ţĿɨϡ
Ҳͬӳϵ飬ħ½ǿΪģᡣŮת˵
ͷ׳ˣҲûж˵ʲôͬ
Ҳãȴ֪Σת׿ѯ֮Ȼˡ
ȻӳԸͽ̣Ե̸¸СһЦֱӦ
ܺãղײգھȥ̨ΣӼҲľͳԴӦ΢΢һ̵˵
Ȼû±ҼĴ£ŵȥ
ʱ˱ׯ԰һǣһΪĿյϣһ߳˶ߣķƽ̨
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֮⣬вҵƺǰõϢ˷ۼʱۼ˲ˡ
ѣǴʱڻһ̤붷̨ٺڿɾˡӿһۣ˵
ӳϣ롣֮Էδһ㣬̨˸ƣ΢Ц
ӼһߣɷһţżһصĻһ⣬Ծ˶̨ϡ
ڹһͬһӰ˶̨֮ϡ
ۼѵƽ̨ĸҵӿпʼдʣԴԴϵûе֮С
Ƭ̵Ĺƽֱ̨ܷɳһƬɫϼ⣬ڰһ֮֯£һ͵ɫ̨֣С
ģս㵣βаɡĿӳ϶һɨе˵
ǣ
䣬ͷ׳ȻڰУ漴ӰޱȵĴ봫ڳ˵ĶУ棬̨ûκƣһ䣬Ҿ֪λɻʲô˵𣿡


1283 ҳ
ǰЦѡ
Լ޹֮ΪһԼ֣һֶνԷܣĿıɴﵽ
һˣЦ˼֡
ȴһȻĸֶĬȻ
ȶʼͷ׳Ŀ·һɨڳ
һһ˿ɫӿһʱһһɸߵɫӰͷ
˫ᣬͷ˫ǣѪɫ˫Ŀâתͣ
ͬʱһʣɫԲһӿһƬɫϼ˲仯ʮɸߵСɽ޾ƣȥ
򣡡
֮ɫһӭСɽһɫ˫ĿȻâɣһƬƬɫϼϯһ֮£Ϊǧɫϼ⣬˷ȥ
Щɫϼӫ澹ȻɫգۼĹ򣬱㽫Ϊĵ򣬻ΪһƬɵ硣
һ̣ԭڵɫСɽȻֳɫâһ̵Ħ֮ʧһ㣬ɫռҳײ
û뵽ӳϾѽô󷨵ɣ۳򣡡
УһħħʧȥҪԴˣ
ؾ֮Уӳ־ڱصˡ
̨£ҵӴ˿Ѿۼ˲ǧˣеΣɵ۷׷
ʱҲûϵԷĹѸ٣˫һɿҪסɫСɽȴЧ
ӼˣЦһ˿ζĲм֮ɫ˫ַһ䣬ָһ³ְų
һ̣ɫâ׷׳ڻ۹ȥգۼ۳һɴСɫԲ򣬱澧â˸ѡ
̨ڵбһ󾪺̾Ϊд󲿷ۼ֮ˣɫԲպǰϦзһ˿֮ɫ
Ůͷ׳λϼΣɵɫһƺս֮ЩȻ
Ҽϲ˫ĿĶŶ̨еɫԲ򣬲֪Щʲô
˶Ϊս֮ʣͻ
ԭâɫԲ棬һҰɫϼϯ
ЩҰɫϼ첲ϸһֶģ׷׻Ϊ˳ǧÿһɴϸ˷ɢȥ
ԭΪ־ڱصõӣϲɫ
δ䷴Ӧһ䳡ĻҰɫοռ両ֶɫԲӼ䷨ϤС
ֻ̨ǰҰɫϼһųֻ̋ܿϵһʧˣȡ֮һ˶ޱȵĻҰɫԲ
󣬻ҰɫԲȻɢϼķһӵ֮С

ǰԶĵϣԭʤȯյӣȴԲѵſڵϡ
һƬĬ
ҵӶԼ۾䳡ϵʤܾڻҰɫֺĶ̶̼ڣ㷢˷츲صı仯
ֻû֪ڻҰɫе⼸ʲô
عҵӣ˿̿Ŀ⣬˾֮ɫ
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ѹȻʵҵȴ۽硣ȴһεĳԣһЦ˵
Ůһͬɵ̨֮ϣӷһڴ˲ת
ɫһף޺޵Ŀһۣæԭ£ȡöҩȥ
ˣȶĽĿãӦûٷѵα峤һְ˰ɣĿһתĿӺŮϡ
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ãȻ˷ԣǴӴ˿̿ʼѱγϡ֮ټʿгϽδ䡣΢΢һЦ
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ϲϣպҪͬ£պָ̡ͷ׳һεһЦ˵
ĳϿˡЦһ£һͷ׳۸л
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Ůӿһۣȥ
£λϺϽճЩңպضĹۣϲҪ֡峤ˣæԲ˵
ҡЦ
һ·۳Ͷ٣ոֻһ½ǣȻЩˡģ㰲ȥϢһ£еһЩҲ˵һ¡峤Թͷ׳Ըһ䣬ָ
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ϣɡͷ׳˳ȥ
̨˺ܿҲɢȥ峤ıӰ¶һ˿ɫֶ֪Щʲô
ʱŹͷ׳ׯ԰ĺ󷽡
ǰׯ԰ռɽǧǰׯ԰ֻҵ棬󲿷˶סںɽٵĶ֮С
˺ܿһߴɽ֮˴һռСĶ
иֳâħͫĿĽƣħŨ˺ܶࡣ
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Ե˵ͷħͫĿͥԺȻĽơ
ͷ׳ִһʯŻ򿪡
˽ȥ´˼ۣ¶һ˿֮ɫ
˴ĶĴ½С԰ĶҪܶ࣬ʮʯң֮ħҲǳŨĲһʯңһͶ«ɽ¶ĲСħԴȪۣͣɢħ
ֻħԴȪ֮ûɢħ֮Щв㡣
Ķ½Ҫ࣬½ҪѰһħŨ֮Ǽ׵ġл˵
Ŷѳ½𣿴Դ֮أ˵ҲһЩħڣҪħ幦Ҫħ½źáͷ׳¶һ˿ɫ˵
ͷǣڶ֮תһȦص˶֮У
ˣǷҪһỤ̊Ҫұͷ׳Ȼ뵽ʲôʵ
ǲãϰһޡҡҡͷ
֪ΪΣöԷƺ⽻Լ
ͷ׳Ҳûǿһתļ˵ˣȻѾΪҳϣеһЩҲбҪ㡣
ĳ˵΢΢ֱһЩɫȻ
ˡðһ䣬ȻǱħĺˣ޵ĹƺǱô󷨰ɣͷ׳ڡ
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1284 
ϹȻ̹֮ˣʵĳϵѪͳ⡭˵ûޱô󷨣Ҳһ¡ͷ׳ǵ˵ͷ̶Ϻĸֳһ˿įɫ
ĳϺγԣĳʲź³Ͻ֣Ƿֱôһ洫ķǡɿԵô󷨣ʮа˾ҲҪܵġԣ¶һ˿Ȼʵ
ǵԶۣôȷʵһħҴ˷ٶȼ죬ѣĳѾڣ˲Ųꡣͷ׳¶Цݣ˵
϶ʱӿһ˿֮ɫ
Ҫ֪ʿ½Ĵ½ħ½ѾǺĸ߽ʿˡ
ѰʿٺãԴԣ£ҲҪǧ£пܴﵽԲģǧҲѰܹǧ֮ڣ󾳵ģһˡ
ԼΪԵʣȻԳжϡ
ͷ󺺵ѪرڣܹڣȫΪô֮ĻŹҲ̫ˡ
ֹ£еϣ峤󾳽綼ǧڵġڴٶȣôҲһΪȱǾǱ֮ԪʿҲֻһǧԪˡͷ׳̾˿ЩȻ˵
һ֪ĻʿԪǽӽġ
üͷһʵĳϸ֪һ˹Ϊλˣ
ͷ׳Ŀһִڹ⣬ſһϢķ磬ɫȻ˵¹ϵأϲҪ⴫
ĳ֪ء˵ͷ
ħڵ伮ϵĽͣô󷨱һȱĹ֮ʱ᲻ȼԪΪ硣֮ΪչѸ٣ⲻ֪ʵԪҲͬʱġͷ׳̾Ϣһ͵
Ȼλ϶֪ô󷨴ȱݣΪβ˸ҵʵѰһźʹӦòѰɣƬ̺漴ʵ
ӣȱλû뵽ֻǱʿ⣬ô󷨣ѣһѡʮʳڵıӵܣһŹǻʱ䣬Ȼûһͻ浤֮ͷ׳Ц˵
£һȻ
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ѵ¾룿˼˵
⵹Ҳˣ֮вһؾԣܹԪݵķӣͲ˱ؾ֮СؾÿǧܹһΣϧʿǰؾʮΣʼûҵķӡĻֻһϷԶѡͷ׳ЩΪȻ˵
вЩ²ˣ΢΢һЦ˵ħǽԵ֮ˡ
ǰɡʱգÿǧ꿪һεؾת˱ѡ峤һʽˡͷ׳һת˵
ɫһ漴˹ҵȷʵҪÿǧ껻һλ峤ˡ
ĳ⻰ȴǴӺ˵𣿡Щʵ
ؾ֮Σޱȣÿοֻ󾳵ĳϽУҲÿοؾ䡭ؾ֮ȴһΪӵ浤ʿ´ֺ󣬿Լ󾳵ļʡȻҲǿ֮һԣؾϣ˭ܴһöӣ˭ͿԵһε峤ͷ׳Ŀ˸˵
ԭˡͷ
ӣλ֮ԶЩӣʵΪʮ֮󣬱һؾ֮գ˵䵣峤ļȻˣһȻϣڴ˿ϼ룬Ϊ峤֮λӱˡͷ׳΢΢һЦ˵
ԭԭ»ΪԼԵõԵʣλϷСȻ¶һ˿Цݡ
еЩ飬˶Ѿˡʱ䣬ҲͲˡͷ׳˵꣬ǵ
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һСƽת߻شųʶȷϸûʲô֮󣬺Ȼ˵ħǰô󷨵Ԫ٣Լؾ飬ܻɺϵģòᶼĹɣ
ٺ٣ô˵ʵҲûЩȷʵҵһְŵġҪ֪ЩӣʵؾеһЩƣЩʿɱ֮侫ǾɵģȻԽ󾳴洦ˡħ첢ûок⣬̹Ȼϵ
ǰĿģĪǱΪ˽׼üͷһļʵ
ҵİȡûȻͬ̽ȡһ㣬֮Ҽһ£ȻҲ˳µˡħ˵ţ˼Ե֮⡣
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ȻѾϵ±ȻħЩϵȴû뵽䴦ĻǾأǰ㲼˼ܵľ֣жħͼıԽ˼˼֡
ģΪʿٵķӣȷʵؾ֮СպؾһָȡôĻͳˡħ쿴ĬǺںļ˵
Ȼħǰ⣬ĳʱΪˡüͷһ壬ɫ˵
һؾʮʱ䣬Щһһ챮ģڴ֮ǰɱ֮ǰԼħһ仰󣬱㲻˵ˡ
ԣֻǵ˵ͷ󣬱ңϥ
Щ߲ݵһ·񱼣ʲִսһȷҪúһ
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ſڵӣ֪жôһλ󾳳ϣȻҶʵֱӷ
֮У֮ϣһǰ΢΢һЦָָһӣʾ˵
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кҪֱ˵ɣؼġ˵
ĳѰһЩϼĲϣ֪Ƿܹһֱ˵
䣬һ̧һöɫһϼһ֮󣬳Ʈȥ
֮УѽɽףħħҪĲнΪ򵥵һ֣С
ӹֱ˶ͷ֮ϣƬ֮󣬲üͷ΢˵Ѱ֮ĳܹʰæѰĲϣһϡ쳣֮Ⱥʣ²ǸСĿġ
һ˻û¶֮ɫػصģֻҪܹæĲϣĳȻеһкʵġ
ãȻˣҵ±ЩϡԣҲûжĵŵ
лĳЩ飬ȸˡ΢΢һ񣬸ǵ


1285 ؾ
֮
ׯ԰ĳ嶥Ķ¥֮С
һɫߵӣɫ԰׵Ĳһ֮ϣ˲Ǳˣ֮ǰڶ̨˵ӡ
ظվһŮӡ
һ˵أҪѰ˶ϡϡˣϢԴǷɿһߣ漴ʵ
ݵ뿪֮󣬼ͻȻټ˼浤ѰЩϵȻûԣʮа˾Ųˡ
ЩϻѿɲǸСĿû뵽㲻ƵļҲߣҲãʱ͵Ҵ˴α͵Ϯ˵Ĳˡɫ˵
ʦ֣ĿǰΪгϣΪ¼ǱҲýɣŮЩǵ˵
ؾ֮ڻʮ꣬ʱػСֻҪʱҶ֮£䲻ۼĻɱСؾ֮ұҼʱ˵ɲɣĿɫһݺݵ˵

ʱȻ˵ĶԻ
Դӵռ֮صԼľ֮УڶⲼƣЫƫ֮У
һкһͷ֮бչ
ʱʼħָ֮£챮
η粨֮ǳ·񣬴ҵӽµˣ֪жһλ󾳵Ĵʿ⣬ûоͬ
˺൱һʱҹΪƽʣ󾳳Խ͵Ѹû˿Ϊ֮·һ㡣
תۼ䣬ʮʱȥˡ
һգڵĶ֮УڰɫĻ챮գΧŹ漰Ұɫ
ϸ֮£ɷֱϰ˸ӷУеöȻѱ
ͻȻ챮ڰɫâһʢħͫ
µ˫ĿȻ˫һ̧ɫһŵû뱮Уʹ渡ĺɫġ
һ
泯˷ȥԭ޹ĵӷģ·̼ܵһ㣬΢΢һ֮󣬽ܵĻҰɫͬˮһУ漴Ȼâ䡣
Щƣ֮ɫȴ¶ŨŨϲɫ
ʮУŶħԴṩ棬ΪһѴ۷壬벽ڣֻҪһˡ
ʱգ챮Ҳڱƻա
ħҪȥҪΪˡ
֮⣬ħ֮ѪħѪ֮ɫҲǱĬķһЩı䣬·һ㵭Ϻɫһ㣬Խħˡ
һУ챮һ֮󣬱Ŷȥ
ʱһɫݹŷ嶥һ󣬱ʧԶߡ
Ƭ̺֮С
û뵽겻ϵΪȻ˴˵Ƚʵ˱֮ҡ֮ϣŵһɨ¶֮ɫ˵
ˣȴ֪ĳи֮£Ϣ˹֣󻰷һת˵
ʵ֮£Ȼһ򣬵ֱգҲֻҵеһСֶѡɣȽЩһ£֮ϵϢԻġԣЦһ˵
䣬һ֮£һƬһǰϣȻСһĽС
ʶһɨ֮вЩʧЩ͵ڴûдﵽ
Щһһ򿪣ϸȷûʲô֮󣬵˵ͷһɳһĹҵĺƤƮȻȥ
ЩħЩϣӦ´ˡϣʣµĲϣܹһ˵
˵Ƥ֮󣬷ֽУɫĵͷ˵ϿˣС²ʲôġˣؾ֪Ƿ׼
һ֮󣬵Ҳûв⣬ϸ̽
֪Ƿµԭϲ֮£ȻһЩԼеľ֪˲٣ħ˵ȣƺû̫Ĳ졣
Щ֮뿪ˡ
һʱ䣬ʼƵĳɽһЩǳ֮УѼƲ
ҵλϣȻľٶЩ⣬˸Լӿؾ׼֮⣬Ҳûʲô̫ľٶ
һʱתۼš
һգڶбĿ񣬺Ȼһӿм£һ֮ΧžĽ
ˣһеĽУڶϸϸ鿴
ؾ֮Ҫʼˡκ°ͣһ
漴վƫȥ
˿̵ƫ֮УЫϥͷһĽɫЫࡣ
ЫâһɫȻΪһƬɫϼ˲ûУӰ
ţЫһΣ˲յԡ
ӣΪ糹׹ˡˣ΢΢һЦ˵
˺õЫŻ֮ġЫԣĿһ˵
ؾҲһͬǰȥɡ󣬻˵
ǣˡЫ˵ͷһһĶĺ«֮С

ׯ԰Ͽգһ֣˫ֵվڰУָһüģʶ˲串ׯ԰
ʱׯ԰Դ˽䱸֮УɼһӶɫ׵ҵӣѲߡ
ׯ԰Χ֮ڣԲٽƲȻһЩƽʱε󷨽ƣʱҲȫ˳
Ҳѹ֣Ҫ֪˴ؾ֮Уѡ峤ʢ䣬һӱλ󾳳ҪؾҪ֮Ȼ÷һˡ
һ㹤󣬵֮УѾˣΪ׵ˣҼӣѼͷġ
˳һЩ浤֮⣬ʣµһЩڵĺˣһԴӡ
ۼ֮УĿˢˢĿ˹
üͷһʱ˵ãȻλ϶ڶұῪؾؾɵġ
İ˰֣ĸʩһ֮󣬱ŸԵ£ɵ뿪
ȻѾˣ㾡콫ؾɡƺѵȵЩͷƳһۺת˵
ӳ϶Դƺ־ڱصˡԣһۣ΢΢һЦ
ٺ٣ĳΪ˴УƺҲѳﱸ˶ˣʱɱʧˡӵ˵
ˣ²˳٣λɡ˵ţȻվתͷĻ¶֮ɫһ£վֱӣȡһöɵơ
һһһ⣬˻֮ϡ
һ¡¡죬һģ֮£ʼŤģһͨ
׿һۣһεֱû֮ͨУӰ
λϼˣȻҵķ׷Ծ֮ͨС


1286 ؾ
֮ͨʣΪأͨӡ
ֻǰŸɫ⣬ǰϵӰʶҲΧڡ
ȫ䱸ǰ˲ʮɵľ룬ֻǰȻһ͵һ´֮С
Ϊаɿ㣬ΪͷһʮɴС飬ɢһƬ͵⣬ӳյĳͨ͸
Ŀһɨ֮£־ǰԶϣݺύ·ģճһΪصη
˿˫ֵվڷǰҳһſվ
һһ֮±ͬ
ͷһˣ˵λڴ˹λȹһ棬峤֮λڻû֮ˣ󽫱أ֮ͨؾΣأҪСģ
䣬δ˻ػһ֮£˰С
в֪ʱһöӡһƷſɬѶʮɫɳһûӡС
ӡʱܵ˴ֶ̼ĳηϷת
һƬƬɫϼӡϿӿĳֹɷ׷·֮ϡ
ηһͬһ㣬׷״Ͽһѳһ϶γһʮɴСĹš
Ůӻһۣͬʱһ֮£û˹š
ţһɫһûУȴͷҲʾĳС
˰ޱһۣ˿ͬ𣬳Źڼȥ
䷽һţ͸еѪҺһ𣬷·ڵħѪؾϵһ㡣
ûие֣Ѹֻ֪ؾڽ֮˵Ѫˡ
ţֻǰһͷ­б㴫һͷĿѣĸо
ȵ۾æʶһɨźȻ˸
˿̣һƬȺɽԵĿȫڳգԼдеĸߴɭ֡
ӣŮӺ͹ͷ׳ˣȻҲֲڷԲɵķΧ֮ڣ˫Ŀһ˿ãȻ֮ɫȻûдӿռѷлָ糣
ͻȻֻһƺһ֮ļʮ࣬ȻܷɵǸоࡣ
ҿռ֮ƺһε֮ʶɢ⣬ƺҲܵ˺ܴӰ죬ֻӵΧʮķΧ
Ŀ⳯Ե˿ȥֻͷ׳˴˿Ҳ˹ܵµ仯ɫҲһ䡣
˵ؾ֮лʿʵû뵽󵽴̶ֳȡͷ׳Ŀһ˵
˱İ֮УɫĿռѷ컹ں֡
ռѷֻάһµʱ䣬֮ǰһҪϻڴʱ峤Ȼӿռѷ֮˽
йâһ
ǵһ֪ؾʱƣɫȴûжٱ仯Ȼ֪¡
˺ܿ״̬ӦؾеĹ
ĳϣҵѵؾΣҲض˵ˡ㲻Լʦж·Ҳ໥иӦΣӶ޶ãֱӶŹͷ˵
лӳϵ⣬֮»˰ɣϾ֮λֻһ˵ġͷ󺺿һۣٺһЦ˵
ɫ΢䣬һ漴ĿһתݺݵƳһۣŮһΪȥ
գۼ䣬ֻĶˡ
ϣѾ֣ҶǷͷ£»Ϊ֪Ƿ½ͬУͷʮֺƵ˵
лĳϵĺ⣬ֻĳƽնϰˣԣɫЩǸ˵
ȻˣĳҲͲǿˡԣƺϵĴЦһһһȥܿʧں֮С
ʧԶʶɢȷһ֮üëһл˵ˣѾؾ֮УҲΪָһµ·˰ɣ
ǺǣȻԣӡҴҲֻܸӦΧһľ룬Ҫָ·Ҳ㡣ħȴǺٺһЦ
üͷһ壬ϸֳ˼ԥ֮ɫƺȨʲô
ħҲߴ٣ԭؾվ˴ӣڳһ漴һ֣ϸֳɫġ
һ̣ɫĺȻɢȥɢ˰ա
ѹȻ֮䱾Ӧˡðһɺɿ۳ħӰ
ˣض˵ϻ֮ǰ˵ܹʿԪݵĶںδĮ˵
ѾüûؾѾλǲˡħ˸漴һɵ˰գĿ⳯ܿȥ
һҲŷɵ˰գΧķ羰඼࣬ûʲôرĿĴڡ
ĿһҰľͷܹһƬɫɽͣƺһƬɽش
ɽţǾӦܹȷǴ˿ڵλˡħҲߵǴɽش˵
Ŀһû˵
ɽ߰ɣ֮ٳϷȥԲĺɷ֮أȻ󡭡ħ쵱·;˵һ顣
Щ¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ƭ֮ϸֳһڹ⣬ɽɶݶȥ

Լǧ֮⣬ӺѶһԲʮľ޴֮С
ΧͺͺһƬżɼһЩڳʯ顣
Ŀ⳯Χ˼ۣһӣâΧſһԲɵķ硣
ЩɫһɣһӣȡһɫĲ滭ĵͼ
ÿνؾͽλöͬŸ׵괫ؾͼ֣ȻܹĺǸҵˡŵ˵
Ŀ⿴еĵͼҲ¶һ˿ϲɫ
ˣ֮ǰ˵Ҫؾ֮УûʰǸǷҪ֣ǸΪչ죬Ҿʵƺ֮ǰǿ˲١漴һ£Щĵ˵
ΪǸʵǲҪҵ峤Ҳһ鷳һ˵
ԣɫ΢
õģѾ׼ܹǸĶֻҪ֣ܹɱˡӼмԥʮİο
Ŵ˻̾˿Ҳû˵ʲô
ӶŻɫ˶һµκ󣬺ܿ㽫֮ѵ˵˼˱һȥ

ͬһʱ䣬һɫɽ帽
顱һ죬һͷ߰ɸߵĺɫɽһȻĵɶ˵ϡ
ɫɽӴʹΧĵصһ¡
ȫ鴤˼£漴ûϢ
УӰһΣֳһ۵ĹͷӰ
ġ
䵥һӣɫɽ֮ϷɳһɫӰһģûĵС
ķȡһɵľӣִһ֮ϸֳһҹ⣬ȻӳճһСĵΡ
ҺûԵɺ֮£õǧǬؾ֮Ǵ粽СĿеľӣиֳһ˿ϲɫ
漴ն˺ɫɽֻһԶɶݶȥ
ȥķ򣬺ǰķࡣ


1287 ֮ˮ
һߣħָ߶޼׾ֱԽޱȵɽ
ոշɳ֮أֻһɱ䳹ǵϺϮǰɫһ䣬ȻһƬããıѩ硣
ȥӨӨıһ޼ʣѩ캮Ʈ¡
Ļʵ͸һɹϢ
һ߷ųʶΧͬʱһڹǰС
ڵ¹Ӱ죬еٶȲǺܿ졣
ɷ֮ԽߴХķԽ󣬶Ҿ֮ϣ᲻ʱһŹļźɫѩ磬ʹǰ
֮£ֻھʮɵĵͿշУͬʱ˫ɫâ˸ֹ֮أ˿ķɡ
һϿϿշɹ֮ʱһ촫
Ͽ֮еһ޴ɽϣ׹һȻһͷʮɳľѩ򼣬ͷϳֻ޴ļǣ쳣
ͷ˶ͨѩףǱڱɽ֮ϣϢ۸޷˿ͻȻ֣ٶҲѸ쳣βһڣԽɵľ룬ת۱˵ԡ
һţѩɫķУǵصĳϯȥ
˿ո˳˲䣬ѾһӶ
һɫԸֶһģĻΪһʮɳİνɫ硣
âһѾɫ÷飬ƲѩϷɿһơ
ֻĿͷ˶ֱӶϳأҽҲûü䵱
Ҳûۿʬһۣٻս裬ǰȥ
һ·֮ϣϮ鷢̫࣬ؾ֮޼óǱɢҲħһɷ
ѯʹħ죬Щʵؾ֮в֣˵̫С׽еĻ顣
ЩʵǺǿǿҲֻ൱浤ħޣڵԣȻ˳ֱ㴦ˡ
ҲҪ⣬ȻҵָܹܹؾеһЩյأҵؾ֮лͷΪޡȥѾ׵۷ˡ㣬Ҳ׶Ըǡħƺµ˼˳
ɫ΢䣬˲תͷĬȻļǰɶݶȥ
ַһʱмֻɱͷѩ޺ǰȻһĶСľ޴
ˮʳֳһּΪ޵ε֮ɫܱĿѩ׵ĳ£ٲȻһĿ׳¡
ǣϺ̹ǵ֮У˺Ȼûб
һˣʱںԱͣĿâ˸Ŀ
δʲôˮȻֵɫˮ𣬲ɿĲƽ֮֯£۳һֻʮɴСɫ֣ץ
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δ֮£ź󷽷ɳ˰ɲͣ
ɫһգ̶Ȼɢźˮһ󷭹һֻʮɸߴɫԳ
ԳƣһëεɫɢϢȻﵽ󾳡
ɫԳһ˫۾ɺ죬ĵзһ˿ֺˮ淭ƾ۳һͷСɽɫԳӰ
벻ɷ֮ؾȻһֻ󾳵ޣؾ֮б仯СħӰϢĳԡ
ˣ󾳾ԳҰɣһ½ǡĺ«âһһֻɴСɫЫһһ⣬ɫԳȥ
գͷһ˸ֳһɫľЫӰ
ɫԳˣĿ׹һ˫ִصĹֽһɫԳӰǰһְֻͬһ֮£ΪȭӰĳɫЫȥƿƾ֮
ڴʱһЫд
ͷĽɫЫͷ­ӡȻâţһŴĿҫ۵ĽɫΣһȦȦʵʵĽɫһ´ӹε˷ϯ
ֻһĹ򣬱㽫ƬյӳĽ貣ֱӭȭӰ
Ϣ
԰ټƵɫȭӰƽʵʵĻ˽ɫϣֻһ󣬾ѩ׷û룬˷ЩӰ֯ţ뺣κζˡ
ɫԳ״һ˿ɫҪ߶еķӰٴʩչʲô֮ʱɫЫӰһ̶ЫβɫԳֻһ
ֻһĿâЫβ˲ưĺɾ룬ɫԳӰͷĺߣһ¡
ٶ̫죬ɫԳӰֻ˫ǰһ
֮
˫۾ֱӱ߶ڽ£ð̡
ͬʱɫ纣˰һ½ɫԳӰͬ·ɫԳһֶ¡
ɫԳ䷨Ӱɫƴ֮󣬻ը죬ڽɢɫ
ͷ󾳵ľԳδʹѸڻˡ
ˣвһ
Ы֮󣬶ͷĽӡǣɷҲ˲СĿ֮Ч
УһɫЫֶſ³һɫˮС
ۼЫ±նɱһͷޣϲɵ¶һ˿ϲɫЫ׺ʵԤ֮ϡ
ͷЫħǱСúĻպܹһħļˣҲһ˿Ȼ˵
ɫ΢˵ͷ
Գ¶һȭͷСİɫ飬ɢɫâ
ħĿһöɫ飬ɫһ䡣
ЫзһƺⶫϲʳҪɫ¡
һ£ڴʱһħӰһģĳЫǰĿЫŵİɫ顣
ЫƳħһۣĽһ˿ûҪͣµ˼
Ыһ¡һҲ˹
ЫһۣͣϺڹһΪΣ״һָǿŰɫ顣
ħĿⶢŰɫ鿴ãջĿ⣬¶һ˿֮ɫ
ĿһЫùöɫ飬ʶ̽У̺˺ܴ浤֮࣬⣬ûз쳣֮
ôö𣿡ɫ黹Ыħһۣʵ
Ыӹ飬ſڽ˽ȥ϶ʱ¶һ˿ɫ
öˮԳķƺմȾһ˿֮ˮϢҲ㣬ܹ˶ٵıһ֮ˮ۵Ĵӣҽӡһ취֮Уؾķӡ֮С֮ˮȻѾʼй¶˳Ƿӡ⡣ħɫ˵
Ŵԣɫһ£һ£˵Ȼˣǻ̸·ǰȥ˵ķӡ֮أ׳ʲô⡣
˵е̸·ħ̵˵ͷɵԡ


1288 ͼ
ЫħһۣһϹâһΪһֻƴɫЫӣͣͷ
ḧЫ£ִһս軯һɫ⣬壬һ˸£ǰƿնȥ
ɳûԶɫһչٴμӿ˲١
ȫٷ֮£תʧѩ֮С
ûз֣ߺ󣬱ĺˮϿգѩͻȻѿһ϶иֳһȭͷСİɫ򣬵һת֮£ʧķգ˼º󣬰ɫû˷ѩ֮С
ʱ֮ȫ·֮£ڷɳ˺ɷ֮أһƬɫɽϿա
˵ؾӡ֮ѾԶԵһ£̽һӡ֮صħĿ˵
û⡱
ͷһεһΪƽ̹ɽ֮ϣϺһǰٴ۳ħ
ħӰϥĿ⳯Χ˼ۣŴĿڵСӣʩСĸǽж
оһ˼һӣƬĺڷӵգۼΧʮɵķΧ

ؾĳɽеһ޴ɽ֮С
һɹ˴ӵײڶ𣬽ӳյĺͮͮһƬ
ɽ봦һӥӵϥǰȴһһ˶ߵĹӺ춦ɫ֮вϴ֮ͬʱð档
Χ鲼һСһķɫĴӷ֮Ʈ׷׵˺ɫðĺɫ֮У涥Լɼһİɫᡣ
Щɫһû֮Уǰɫɢɫӫ⣬ʼû˿Ӧ
ӥӼˣüͷ
ڴ˿̣һӰɽ֮
ҹȥȴһͷ߹ڣɫŮӣҲֻʮңϸüϸ̵ۣͫһϸơ
ӥӿ˻Ůһۣмдʣ֮зһڹ⣬û˵ϵķ֮С
ͼûзӦ𣿡Ůӿ˰ɫһۣ˵
ŮȻ˻쳣·ƬĦ
ӥɫһӱǿзһƺߡ
Ů̾˿˵ͼϾħͷƵĶ취沼ؽƣ֮Ȼô콫ġ
ӥԣ֣ͣһӣϵĽƹâܿȥ
޷ѾеƣֻҪһƣǾܽͼƽħͷµĽƣ뿪طˡӥиֳһ˿ɫ˵
ŮҲһ˿֮ɫ漴ƺʲôڵˣмҪ˵һ¡
һ֣һ׹⼤ڰһ֮£һԲεˮ
֮һ̶ֳ˼ûһЩģӰ
һǱɫֵӰһǹͷ׳ģӺѶˡ
Щҵʿʱ䣬ȷʵҲ˿ؾʱ򡣡ӥɫһ漴˵
ͼĹؼʱ̣֪ȥĻɱһˣһöӣϽǴ򷢳ؾӥӰ˰֣˵
һᴦãҲҪ̫ʹϴһʹͼе֮ˮй¶ȥͲˡŮӵͷ漴뵽ʲôһ㣬ص˵
ߣ⻹˵Ȼ֪صġ
ӻ䣬еİɫ淺˴Ŀİ׹⣬תۼ۳һִޱȵİɫϿճȥתۼɽ
ɽϿոֳƣ˿޷赲ɫɫֱû˸߿յĺ֮С
еĺƷ·ˮһҹ԰ɫΪģɿγһ޴ޱȵĺɫС
ɫԽ׳֮䣬ֱѾǴʮɴϸ·֮һֱ֮⡣
ӥӺͻŮӼˣ

ɫԶĵطվһɫɽ֮ϣ۾Źķ򣬴ȻѾɫ˾ҵķΪܹĸӦġ
ʲô飿ƺЩԾһ䣬¶˳ɫ漴λһ磬Źȥ
ؾһɫֺ֮УӻַһƬɫâסʮͷͨϺĹ
ɫâһΪһƬɫУסЩ͵һ
һŽıЩ׷׻һѪӰ׹䡣
ӷһأһζ
˵˵˼ͬʱһԾڰգĿԶ˰ɫķ
˾ɫڵλýϽܿ׹
˻һۣ¶ɫ
ƺʲô䣬еļأؾ֮пɴûֹġɫһ˵
ǲŸոսؾʱ仹磬ȹȥɡԥһ£˵
΢һ˵ͷ
һ֣һɫĳ󷨱ӭ籩ɴСһ˶˵壬Źķ򼲳۶ȥ

ɫɽ֮ϣվڹ֮УңԶԼɼİɫüͷ΢塣
ħ˿ϥһԵĵϣдʣϷɳһɫģһɫ󷨡
ԭͣͷЫ˿ȴûпӰ
Ƭ֮ħ۾Ŀ⿴Զİɫ¶һ˿ЦݣִһΧĺɫȻɢȥ
ԶʵİɫҲɢʧ١
ôʵ
ȻԤϵһԭؾػͼͷޣʱһģȻҪͼؾħЦһ˵
ǹ˾˵ɣѵ롭ħ죬˼˵
ȻؾʿڣȻǹȥ̽һ̽·˳㿴ͷʵΡħ¶һ˿Цݣ˵
ؾȻһִѵԸͷޣüͷһʵ
ҷڣͷħȻûʲô⣬ֻʣһλ֮꣬ǰΪԪ󣬻ģѿûԸˡͷ֪һƾʵټͷ裬Իɱˡħ쵭˵
Ŀһ漴˵ͷ
ʩչǸϢͼ֮ٿһЩħһֻΪһڹں󣬴
Ŀ⳯һƳһӣϸֳһɫĹ⣬֮С
Χĺɫɢȥɽ֮ѾûκӰ
ʮ֮⣬һ΢ɼӰŸոհɫɽ֮ȥ


1289 Ƕ
ɽ֮µɽ֮УɫɢĴĿ׹⽥ɢİɫҲԽԽϸֱ١
߿Уԭƻֺľ޴ɫУҲڰɫʧ󣬽ƽϢٴλƬƬƣͬŵһĻδһ㡣
ɽУӥ˺ͻŮĿͼͽַɿıԭɫһ¡
˻һۣæִһϸͼ
һзһͣͬʱ֣ͣЩȻûʲô֡
ոǾô£ŮĿ˸ʵ
ң˭ȥͼԵ޹ʵķ仯϶Ƿʲô¡ӥȰ˻Ůһ̶ۣɫһ
ѵǼʿؾйأŮӺȻ뵽ʲô˵
пܣʿôؾһЩãЩȫɱˣʩչѻЩ˵λаӥɫһһЦ˵
ŮԵ˵ͷĿһתԱߵˮɫһ䡣
ˮֻ֮ܿģӣ˵ӰӰ֪ʱʧˡ
ôһˣŮɫһ漴дʣˮţǰˮ֮£һֳʮˮ
֮ӰɿתƺչʾؾиǶ㿴һʱ䣬ؾ˸飬ȴʼûзӰ
ӦʲôϢͨġǧͫҲѰҲĻ˻Щ򵥡ҿͼ˳ɺйءӥһ˵
⼸ʿҲˡŮɫЩѿ˵
ؾţСϺףȥټĺǶ꣬һЩʿͨǿܵĻͳûǻɱҲ룬ǸϢ˸㲻ûǱһ͵Ϯ㣬ԼҪСġӥ󣬵˵
Ȼû⣬ʲôŮӴӦһ漴ʲôӥһۣʵ
ոյ춯ƺʹͼеĽɶЩܷᣬٶһơӥĿһ˵
Ůɫһû˵ʲôһΪһҹ⣬Ͽշɶݶȥ
δɽϿաǡһѿһ϶¶һ顣
ŮӶٲĴз˳ȥɽ漴ֹ
ӥĿ˸ȻŮ뿪ɽٴϥ£˫ǰһְ仯ͬʱдһɬ
һ̣ϸֳ˴ƬĵɫâǰͼΧס
ӥзɿ仯ɫâһ֮£ɫâһߴСķν磬ͼлת
Щӥƺ˿漴˫ȻһţҲΪһɫݹ⣬ȥ
ɽ֮УһһݹԶϢķɳ۶ͬʱɽϿա
ɫâɢиֳģӣ˵Ӱ
ĳϣɰƤЦⲻЦ˵
ԭӺѶλҲע⵽˸ոյŸİɡĿӶһۣͺͺţһЦ˵
ӲÿɷĺٺЦ˼Ŀ⳯Χ˼ۣһת˵ףôûпλϣĪûкĵͬ𣿡
ڸոսؾʱ򣬾͵жˣûкͬСĳϵ˵
Ŵԣɫ΢Ѷһۣ漴ҡͷԴ˵ĳΪտʶҲ쳣ǿ󣬵жҲ޷λ½ϻߣڵΪ͸ؾһҴ˵Ѿ׵ˣҲδ֪
ʵôӳӦˡһ˵жҲ̵ġ¶һ˿ζɫ˵
Ȼһ˿죬һ˿ɱ⡣
ǰܣǧԪΪ飬˿̱רβŭ
ӳĪҪ²Ǹ˼ɽп²˴ܣǻ̽һɽ˵ɡĹ֣˵
Ҳӵһ£΢ɲҡҡͷ
ɫһ˿Ƭ֮ɫָƽ
ĳԲΪһ¶ߵ㷢ȻһЦ˵
ˣ֪λɽȿѾͷɫһʵ
ĳϺα֪ʣǼͬʱ˴֪ʲôһ˵
ĿһҪ˵ԶĴһžһƬƴɽ֮ĺɫɭз˳˷˹
ɫһ䣬ٶȼ죬תۼɵ˽
֮УȻһֻֻȭͷС˫ĿʺΣͨںڵķɶ꣬гǧֻ
ءһȻб渡һɵķ۳纣˰㣬ƻʵˣգۼ䣬㽫С
ʲôӼˣɫĺȵ
ĿѸٷɫɶ꣬ɫҲ䣬¶һ˿ȴ֮ɫĿ⿴·ɽȣмֲᡣ
΢һԥĹɫɶѾ˵˽ǰɶ˫֮ϵ׺һſŰɫɫߵ㣬·ҹеǳһ㡣
ɶ˫һȣƬĺڻɫĩǵصĳ˷ӵ
Сģһ伮ϿЩɶкǶ꣬ɢĶܹʹ˷ɢҾһĶԣԲҪմȾϡĴһϺţһɫĳ跨ֶ˲չΪһɫ壬廤档
ӺѶŴԣɫһ䣬ݵľ̷֮Ӧ˹Ҳæչ˷ֶΡ
ţֳһɫģһ档
һ֣ɫϵͼâţһ·ɳʮͷСɫ棬ΧγһɫȦ
ͷ׹һһɫɡ״һ׹ⴹ۳һɫϣ档
˸ո÷ǵصĺɫ۱ӿ˹
˵ķһմȾۣâһ˵ķƷʶǼãܿȶ
ڶҲ˹Χм䣬ϷɢڻɫۣҲ˵ڹ⣬˺
˸ܵУæվһ
СģЩǶֵĹŹ֣ʮа˾ʹµ˾ɽСɫ侲˵
Щֶ̫ۣȫɱ˵âһ˼͵һд졣
ϵɫͼһ䣬ΪһöɫС
һӣɫâţ˸ɫиֶΧĺǶ꼤ȥ
ۣ
ɫȻѰУֻǶ屻նΣ׷׹¡


1290 Χɱ
ɫںɫ֮зɳʮɣѸ֮ȥ漴׷ɢ
ɫһ䣬Ȼһ»ɱͷǶ꣬ǺΧǧ㲻ʲô
˿ֻ̣ǶѾ˹Χм䣬ΧɢĺɫҲԽŨأƬҲڵסˡ
ЩǶȻƹܵͣ޷ͻĵ˵ķɢĶȴǳƬգУоʧ
ȥУǵķᱻģǰǱĵ˵Ŀģǻ跨ͻΧȥɡĿһɨ˵
Ҿĳ˵һ߳ͷİɫɡ״ħд뼸ͬʱͬ
ӼˣȻЩʣǵ˵ͷ
ǺãƿЩǶİΧȦ־ˣķһЦϻţкһ֮£һ߳ĺؾ޽
޽ͨ죬Ĺħƣһס޽ɢһҫ۵Ļɫâֱ
ΪģͷϿ۳һִޱȵĳɫ
һɢΧĺɫҲ׷ױѹ˳ȥ
ΧĺǶ״ȴһ˻У˹ȥ
ĴһĺɫһһԾķ˳ɫ֮Уͳ޽һӺ϶Ϊһ
һ޴ĽХƳգ
Ϊһаɳľ޴潣⣬·֮һ㣬ȻΧĺǶն¡
лδ£ͳŤͬʱ޴ĺ
һ춯ؾ죡
кȻ˺ǶȺУԭʵĶȺȻ˺һ޴ĿӣǧֻǶ걻û̼仯Ϊ˻ҽ
ӺѼˣҲ֣ͬʱһһƬɫ籩һŴĿ׹ͬʱһӺ˶Ⱥ¶ľ޴ϡ
һľ󣬺ǶİΧȦڴһȱڡ
ߣĴһʩչ˽һ֮ȱ֮з˳ȥ֮赲ĺǶ괥֮
͵һ֣ͷİɫɡ״ħһº£λΪһ׹⣬һ
ӶҲɿ쳯ɫдһƬϯĽ֮һںǶ£֮ǰһ·ȱ֮С
ۿҪʹ˷ɶݳȥ֮ʱͻ
ӱĺɫɶĳϢһһģĻɫӰȻֶ
ڻɫ۵ڻ£ʶۣȫ˿
䷽һ֣˫һ裬żͻȻ׹һһž޴Ŀֶ
ͫ״̹ģһߡ
Ű׹һһ׹ӾĿм˲һ㣬ӱҪȥ
ǧһ֮ʣɫһȻһΣ峯·ȥ
ƿһ죬׹ͷһʱѪĽ
ͷ̣һɸζɢȻ׹֮ко綾
һŤļϷɿĸֳһƬɫѸٵĳطӶ
ȻһæסΡ
еɫǰһᣬд˼ٵͳ
ɫĶʱţһɫĻסܣͬʱɿķȡöҩ£ϵĺɫڱס
һ飬ȱڸĺǶѾ׷׷˹ȱٴβˡ
ĺѶ˺ǶİΧȴ档
Ͼ֮ɫһûڣϾǳˣ˿Ŀ侲ĳΧȥ
ʲô˹ģҳ
ȵţһɸߵɫӰҲǹâһһɳɫħĺâתͣ
ΧĺǶƺյʲôָʾֻǽΧΧסûղ
вһһɫӰڶȺ֮иֶȴһͷ߹ڣ۵Ůӣһ˫̵ͫĿ̲ת
˿ɢҹ⣬Ƥ渡ֳһööҺɫƬҹһ󷭹֮£󻺻ֳһ޴ͷӰĿӡ
ӸܵŮ۷ѹɫ˲䡣
¿ӦǸˣĻ͹ԹԻشҵĻǽؾʱһˣֻһŮӿӣʵ
ĿһȻһȣеɫһȻ쳤ʮ䵶Ȱһ˻ŮӵͷȻն¡
ߣ
Ůû˿ľţֱһ̧ͷֱϸֳ˴Ƭĺɫۼס
ﬣ
ɫ˻ŮӵֱϣȻŮֱϵۼֻһǳǳİӡ
ۼ˾ɫһ
Ƶһѹħϵڶħ֮У۹ƵһɾȻҲƲ˻Ůӵķ
Ůâһľ޴ͷӰһһӰһһͷѾǰŷɿһһȻ¡
һҧзһߣɫӰ˫۷ɿһ棬ǰ
ڴʱΧֻǶ·裬·һƬһ㣬˷ԲСķΧʹо޷Ŀӡ
ĺѶ˴˿վھǶȺ֮һ֮ϣµĻȥǵصĺǶȺȻҵķƺڷޱȵĶ
¶һ˿ɫƺҪȺ֮УЩη塣
Ҫȥˣһ۷ʿټЩǶ꣬ڳȥҲǶһѡ¶һ˿ɫ˵
ɫȺ֮ɢľѹȻܹޱȵĸӦ
Ŵ˻һͷû˵
뿪ɣؾ֮оȻ۷ڹȥУǴδģбȻзʲôʡ񵥿˾ǴĶ֣跨ҵϣܹ֮ʹһЩ١
¶ɫ
ĵĻȷʵǡӦ֮ˣ˴֮м⣬˿̾ôһʱ²ġ
ԥʱ򣬲ϷĺɫȺƽϢȺ֮УӵѹȻʧ١
һӰӳȺһţĺѶղһ𣬹Ȱ㸡ֳ˻ŮӵӰ
ǼȻҵǾҲȥˣҹԹɡŮĿڵ
Ķ˻Ȼתһ˿⿴Ůӡ
ŮӴ˿΢Щ𣬲ȫû˵ģһѪܵͷͷ­
ͷ­Ť쳣ѪۣԲ˫Ŀа˿־벻֮ɫϣŮָŵ⣬С


1291 ս
ԭһ˽ֻΪЩ߹ˡŮ۾΢΢һУЦһ
ѿӵͷ­ɫһ԰ףҡһ£ŮӵиֳŨŨĳ֮ɫ
ȻŭһһΪһ׹ڿշֱŮӶȥ
ŮӼˣһ˫̹ͫһһ˦ӵͷ­Ķһԣҹš
ĵѣһɱ
գһһһöɫָзɳ
ɫָӭһת£Ǵʮɾ޴󣬲ѴָΧɷΧ⵴һȦȦ˿ϯĻΪһɫŻŮֶȥ
ļɫһһ˿ԥ֮ɫ̾˿һȻѵĳԶɶݶȥ
ողܣܣóЩ𣿡
ŮӿתߣٺһЦһӣҹ˲۳һ࣬һ£ӭɫ
Լһ׷˹ȥ
⼸ʿȻȻܹˣûгɹͼ֮ǰܴ档
ŮӶݹٶԶ֮ϣ˸Уɿĵľ룬󣬶಻ˡ
Ůɫһһָ̽һţָһ·ɳָ߳âĵı
֪ڴ˿̣ĺȻתһ߰źƵķ

Ĵһһߣ߰˵͵رѿ¡¡֮лΪ˴Ƭĳɫ׻𣬳ǰȥָâԼ⧲ĻŮûС
ȻΪƾ⼸Ÿ߽׷ܻɱһ۷ʿڷֵͬʱѷּǱɫ󽣡
˿нһߣɫ޽һεֶΪһʮɵľ޴콣⣬ųɫ׻֮кȻն¡
ͬʱſ³öɫԲ׶һȦһ׻֮С
ɫԼɫԲ׶û׻֮У˼¡¡죬漴ûϢˡ
Щ㷲һĹѾʹǿֶΣԥǷܹʹѡ
ڴ˿̣һ죬һɫ޽ش׻֮˳
ɫһ䣬æҪס˺ɫ޽
ڴʱȥĳɫ׻֮дһ˻
һ޴ĺӰֶȻһͷʮɳĻɫ鲼СĻɫƬһɫͫĺ⣬ɨġ
һˮ׵ľ޴βֶΧдĳɫ׻֮ϣ׻â˸£âɢ
֮ǰĺɫ׶˿Ѿѳ˼飬ȥȻȫʧˡ
ĿǰСɽһľ޴ԼɢӴϢģǿȶнһ䣬󽣿ʼ建衣
ɫֻ΢εĿģɫŷɿţû̷
֪ԷһὫԼһɱһ£ҷɷֺ
ͬʱһƳһߵս۵ס
Ѵ˿ʩչǸභü쳣
۷ʿľʵȻѸ߳٣ɫıļҽ֣з˴˼ʹþ಻мֳٻǿֲܡ
̶̼غϵĽ֣˽⵽˱˴֮ʵ࣬Ϊӱͷ˼֣пʼûЩ֮ԣʧ
˿ȻҲ˻Ůֳ˾޴壬һɿɲϢѹȶܵͷռϷ硣
ͷתȻзһȣһָٴͣǰâţһ¿˲仯Ϊһڰɴĺɫ޽
ͬʱһֳһ޴ĳɫ˷ࡣ
˷һս޽Ǵ˼֣Ϊһ⣬ն˾޵ͷ­
˷һıһ㣬Ѹޱȵĳź󷽵ȥͬʱ촽΢ʩչ˴
һߵѶкĵһ䣬漴ֽתİɫɡɫָâʢס˾ĹͬʱһΣΪһ׹⣬Զɶݶȥ
ۼܣкâţзһ˻ſѪڣ¶ʺһɫ󶴣߸Ȼһ⣬һε
ѸոշɳһСξ룬һɶݵӲͣ
Χϵʯ׷׵𣬵ŷ˾УѵһΣȻҲҪžзȥ
ɫ䣬һϰ׹ţͷֳһʮɴСİŮӷࡣ
ŮӷֳһɫɡվһԲ̣ȥӺݻ
˷һ֣оɡһŶʼתΪһɫ磬סӴ
ֻһᣬʱȶ
˿͵һ֣Ůӷеİɫɡ׹һ
ɲǼ䣬İɫĳɫȥ
мβ͵شӺһ˦Ӱɫ׷׻ɡ
һʱ
н߶֮ϧķƺڹʼ޷Ѿࡣ
ͬʱһսУ۵ĳɫ˷ֳ־޽Ȼն˻ɫ塣
Ȼɫ˿Ҳܣ֮ϹâһȻֳһҺһĳܻɫâ
¡һ죡
ɫâն֮ϣĻɫâţȻһ½ɫ޽
Ĵʱѳô˼ɳɣɫ󾪡
ҲûָֹܶԻɫɶ˺зһߣμź󷽼۶ȥͬʱ˷г޽ҪסɫԼȡʱ䡣
ɫкһӴһģ˲仯ΪһɫӰΧųɫ˷ɿƼȦס
žһţȻһҧס˳ɫ޽
߿ڵϸֳī֭Һ壬Ⱦ˳ɫ޽֮ϡ
ɫ޽ĺ̴·𱻸ʴһ㣬콣ɿɢ¶˳ɫ󽣵ı塣
ɫſһɺɫҺ壬ס˳ɫ󽣣ɫϵĺɫ˸˼£ɢ漴£ñӿݣҲ˿ԡ
ɫһף³һѪı񱻻٣ıҲյС˺
ɫɶݵͣ౻סӵˣ౻٣ΪҲ󽵣пܵ󾳡
ɫ˳ɫ󽣣һ˿⣬׳建սȻҪƾĵķʹ˻ȥ
ɫ䣬ɫ˷зŭ𣬷ϧʼ޷Ѷȥ
ɫâһֳһڹ⣬Ҫһ˳ɫ˷ࡣ
ڴ˿̣µĵ͵ظֳһâԭʵĵһӻΪ˻ɫҺ壬ɫȻ³ȥ


1292 
ɫ⧲£ͫһ˿ɫ
ЩĻɫҺ͸һ֮˿۵ľ˷֮ϣ޷תۼС˵֮С
׷һ˻𣬼æɿĵľ˷࣬ϻҹţͼշڶȥ
ڴ˿̣֮ۡ
ϵĻɫҺУʮֻɫ֣һ֮£ץס˻ɫ
ɫֻһɹɾͬʱոշһֱвɵ÷ŭ
ļζʱϲæһߵٻ˳ɫ˷࣬ͬʱĿɿ쳯ΧɨȥΧһӰҲûС
иֳһ˿ɻ漴ҡҡͷĿһתڷĻɫɫһּһ߶೤ɫߣ˫ʮָһģͬʱд
ţһ֣кݺ³
΢һζڿնڰлΪ߰˵ɫӰХ֮Żɫͷ˹ȥ
ɫӴŤֻϧֹŹ̶ֵ֮Уһɽľ޷
ԽԽԽ
ɫһҹʢҪ
ಣ
ͷƿ֮У߰˵ӰӰȻһΪֱȡĿ
ɫŭһһϸӰȻš
žž
֮˼㽫ɫӰ飬һһ½ɫ߾סſȥ
ɫһ䣬ĻѾ٣Ȼʧȥһħæɫ϶ʱâţֳܵɫ棬ž
ɫסߵŶʱһƬ֮ɫзһʹȻɫҲǷͬѰ
ڴ˿̣֮ɫâһȻһֻɴСɫЫһ֣㻯Ϊһ⣬˾ͷ­ȥ
ɫиֳһ˿֮ɫĸӦԷΪڣȴһʮΣյĸо
зһЩĵͺͬʱǿ֮͵һɺ˲佫ͷ­档
ɫЫһ֮£ֱӷ˺֮С
һֻ̣˻Լľײ֮ϴд֮ҷżɼһĿâ֡
ǰһʣЩӦֱƬ̲ſӦæִһ߶ħ
ԤϣһϹӺ֮зâУȻһߣȻ˻
ڴ˿̣֮дһŭ֮ɫƺܵ˼˺
ವһ
һӺ֮еɿļʮ⣬ȥ¶ɫЫӰ˿ϵɫ϶ദ
˿̣Żɫĺɢ¶˾Ӵͷ­
һֻͫգѪȻһֻ۾
ɫһֻ۾ɫЫ
˿̣һ޴ӰһֱѲľࡣ
һû˻ɫڣʱҹţӴɿСܿٴλΪ˻Ůӵģ
һֻ۾գһѪۣɫ
Ů޹ǵһ˵ɫҺҪɫЫȥ
һ£һһɫӰȰ֣˻Ůǰ
ȴһ۵ӥӣһס˻Ůӣɫ¡
ôҲˣŮӿӥӣϱŭɫȻʵ
ӥûлشâǰԶһ޴ɽʯһ˵ϣҲˣһɡ
žʯ֮󴫳һЦӰһɳһӣ
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ϣҲˡɫһϲæɵԡ
ĵ˵ͷǴк
ŮӿɫСЫۣĿϣ¶һ˿ɱ
˻ӣһʱû˵
ڴ˿̣һƿ֮ӲԶ
һЩȵİɫݹ⣬ЩҡҡλεĳԶ۶ȥ
ȴۼ˶ţŮջ˾̳࣬Զɶݶȥ
ֻǾŵһ˲ˣ˿Ԫ𣬷ٶԲ졣
Ŀ⵭Ŀ˰ɫݹһۣܿջĿ⡣
ӥƺûпɫݹһ㣬Ŀʼͣϡ
Ůӿ˰ɫݹһۣ΢΢Щۼӥû˿ӦҲûж
ʲôˣҲѰͨħޣΪλҵĻħؾ֮Уļƺһʱûгֵ˼˵
ҲסȳɱǸͷʿȻٺԸڴʱӥڻŮӶ
ŮԳһȻҲʵû뵽ӥ˸߿ȻЩϲ˼
˫жԣ˵棬¼°ɡ
ӥһЦ̤ǰһð˴Ƭɫâ
һɻڻŮ֮ϵǿϢ͵ɢ
ĸܵǿޱȵϢɫһ䣬ϻâţĿӥӡ
ͻȻһֱֻȻԱ˹ȴȻһסĵļ漴Ϊһڹ⳯Ա߷ȥ
ǰŸո뿪һֻ˶ɫӥצƾոֶץ˶˸ովĵط
¡¡
һһζʯɽȻץ޴ѷ졣
ʮ֮⣬һת׿ȥֻով֮Ͽգ֪ʱһɵӰκͲԶӥһģһ
ɫһ䡣
СģܹʶǱϹ˸е˵
ոնлµĶл
ոʮа˾޷㿪Ĺ˿˲ᣬһ֮ա
ӥۼ˶ΪķɵһִһɫΪһ⣬һŵķɻ塣
ͬʱϵɫâȻʢһɺɫȦԺ˳
ɫȦ͵ɢ˷ԲʮķΧ
ȦΧڣһӱͬҺһأҲЩ
֮СģΪѾ۷壬ͨҲԶˣǺȻɫ˵
ΧһӴĿռѹ֮ͬʱԺҲоľѹȡ
ӥʩչɫԶ֮ǰƾ跨ʩչɱȡ
ϵû¶η֮ɫһ˿Цݡ
ӥӼˣЦһԴ֮ĹȦâš
ĺȻһΧķ羰䣬ֳһ޴ޱȵɫɽ壬ӥӺͺŮӰȴʧˡ
⣡޶Ѿյĳ뻯ѾӰ죬׹˾þ֮Уɫ䣬͵һֳ֣ܸɫ跨û籣ʵʵĻС
ˣȴһ˿վԭأһ


1293 
ѣЩչѾþ֮УٲΪ׸Ŀ˿̵״̴̬ѵ
δ䣬֮иֳһɫУͷȻ¡
¡¡
ĺɫ籱â籵ɫһնϡ
ɫҲһѿˣΪһƬҹɢ
Ҳ˲ְֳһĺɫ籲ȶֻǱ֮ǰ˼֡
δɣйâһʱֳ֮ǰһģһĻɫУŴ̶ƿͷն˹
ɫ䣬ٴηּ֮ǰǱɫߣڷӿ룬߱þӨ͸âʢ
ţһɫâĽ䣬һɫ򣬽ĵˮ͸
¡¡
ɫкɫϡ
һľ죬ɫһҷæ㽫ɫϤֵ
Ŀ⵭ĿһۣһǰɳһСξ룬漴ͣ
ҿһ̧ۣ֣֮ɢ˵ĺڰɫĹâ
ڴ˿̣䱳һһֻɫֱ۸ֱֶϵ͹ָⳤںצ·ħһ㡣
һ֣ץС麣֮Ϣ
ƺδûлͷֱ۸ոհ壬ȴȻţֳһɫס
ɫ˿ָͣ͵ظֳâӲɫ֮ϡ
ۡһ죡
ɫֽһ㱻һ¶ɫĹֱӴǰ͸֮Ѫ죬֮סһöڰɫ浤
ں͵սžһڰ浤ֱ顣
תͷ­˫ԲɣǲŵɫһѪϵϢɿ˥ȥ漴ͷ­ˡ
ĽֵΧϳֵĻҹ⹥æ֮пɫʱ䣬һ˿
ֳһӰȻӥӣŹԼֱϵϹһ˿̵Цݡ
ٺ٣׹ҵľ򻹸д󣬿һױֵҵĹӥצϧӥЩ˵
𣿡µͷ­˿̧̺ӷ·ûйͷһ㣬ת˰ȦȻӥӡ
νþССĻѣΪҲ𣿡ǻմѪзȴ֮ǰȻͬȻħ
㡭ӥۼ˾ɫ䣬һ͵ظֳ֮ɫ
һֱҪϰγ
һ·ֱһ㣬˿β
¶һ˿Ц⣬͵ػΪһźƮɢӥǰĺȻһһ˶ߵĺڰʯֱۺȻʯϵĻħ֮ͫС
챮ӥһ챮̷֮漴һ˿ɫһֻֻΪݺݿ˴ħֱͫۡ
̫ˣһħ֮ͫȻһɺɫ棬ӥӵϡ
һ죬ɫħţӥ˲䱻ɫħû
ӥҽҲûзڻѸɢΪ˵ҽɢ˰ա
Ӱһڻ챮ԣִһ챮ɿСС
һԿ˾ŵϴһ۷ޣô׾ٵˡ
ӥӼΧĻþռ·һ㣬žડһ׷ѿǰһ»ص˻ħؾĺɫɽȸ
ǰһɫݹԶɶݶȥݹ֮УŮǿ־֮ɫ
ڲܣ̫ˡһл챮âţһҰɫȻչ˲˷ԲķΧ
챮ϸֳŷƣħֹ
Ůһħ֣жʱֳ֮ɫ¶ʹ飬ҵĲ
һ佣ңɫսһģΪһɴСĽɫ޽ȻŮĲ
ͬʱһӣɽ鸡ֶƹһΪʮɴСɽ壬ŻŮȥ
Ů۷ʿħȻûʹȫɥʧǣϻҹһס塣
ܹҲڴˣһ̣㱻ǵصĽɫɫ޷ûС
һ¡¡󣬻Ůʬ޹ǵڵ֮ϣ䲱麣֮ƿһ󶴣˿ڴ˽ۡ
Ůһ䣬һֱڲԶǻĺǶȺһУƬ̺ɽȸĺɫɭַȥܿʧɭ֮С
ִħ˸˼£ɢڰɫϼĵ˻챮С
ִɽ飬ս輰챮ɫЩ԰ס
һĴ򶷣ķرǰʩչ챮ĻӥӸľ
˵ףڱħ˽ƣ̺ħѪȻޱȵĶһһˡ
ȡöҩȥɫźÿһЩ
ɫӵվһԣЩηĿƺҪ˵ʲôЩҿڡ
ԹԵĻתڤǾڵĵҩ麣֮еķָһת׿ġ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬Щ㷲
ԶԼɼɽȼȻͷػбض˼ܣ˿Ҫɱڣɺ޷֮
ĳϲҪ룬ͬΪҳϣĳû˼Ҵ˴ܹɱͷޣҲĳϲսһЦ˵
һЦնʱ
ңܹ˶ɱȫ֮¸ûгСĵЦ
ˣҲõ˵Щˡ˲˵ɽȿ²˲СܣĳϺЫػǰȥ̽һΣֱ˵
ã¸պϻЩˣڴ˵ϢһǰɽȣϺú̽һ˵Ҳ˵ļæͷ˵
ĿһۣһֱſϵɫСЫڹһΪһɴŮ
ˣｻҾͺáЫ˵
Ы˵ͷһεڿն𣬻һڹ⳯ǰȥ
ЩȵĿЫһۣ漴ߵһϥʱϱ㷺˿˿â
ɽȷȥһ·֮ϣͷħ֮⣬Ҳûʲô鷳
Щħ಻浤ΪȻһ֮У±ˡ
ֻԽɽԽ´ǿңھ벻ʮ֮ʱȻִʮֹ
Ҳóٻ쳣ˡ
˰ʱһƬܲɽޱȵĳǰ
ħָ£δֱӷûУֱһƬɽȸǰкƣħΪŨ
ΪصǣɽħŨȻûκħ޳û̾˴
żЩħ;˴֮⣬ͻȻεתԶԶܿ⴦ɽȣ·ȥ


1294 ħԨ
Ŀô˾˫Ŀ΢΢һУͫϹһתʱֲɽܵķƵĴλþ۵ס
˴ǰ˵ħԨ˰ɡһ
˵ڴ˵ؿĻһ˼˲ٽơд棬⿪ЩȻֵӵҵӡǼѪҽķҪƿȻҲʲôѡħٺһЦ˵
˼ĵ˵ͷ漴һüĴɫâһħӡǸֶ˫ʮָѣһȫһŵĴɽС
Ƭ̺ɽеӿɫ㣬ٵһ󣬾һ»ΪһŰɫεƾձѶ
͵ƿ
İɫдӹαѴ㳯ڿȥ
һʱ䣬âȫȾ˰ããһƬ
һɿһɫһ˫һΪһƬɹϼǰ
¡¡ı
ɫлϼϣ·ײͭǽһ㣬׷һıҶ
˹˽һӵʱ䣬ŽͣϢ
Ű׹ȥΪģԲɽ徹ʯ˰£γһƬʯ
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ȫԼ׼˿̿±ҪԴˡ
ˣطֵ˳ʱ֮£ҲĲС
˵صĽƹô꣬ѱˡҲصģħͫศҳֱʩչħ֮ǿн֮ƿɡħĬƬ̣˵
Ҳ˫һţȻգ˫Ŀһգ˼󣬿пʼɬ
˫Ŀһ˫ͫɫ⻪ţʵʵɫâȻɨƬɽȣɫâϸСתͣ
ɽķƣһ¶С
ֻһֵİɫĻƬɽϿգΧħ˳ޱȵûĻ֮УɽڵħһĻϢһ˿޷ɢ
һ̣һģ󣬾֪ôһµɽĳ
ֻǴ˿̵ħƼƬܲٲȻʩչħ֮
ȻĿоֱһӡ
ƿ֮ȭӰںİ£ǰֶΪһźڹǰĳС
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һ죡
İɫƹĻʹѶһƬƬӨҫİɫƬɽϿշ׷
ٺ٣ħͫɣЩһ۱ɶơħȻ
ȴûħ˼˫ĿһУĿϹһת·𵶽ɨ˹С
ʱħͫħֻ֮˲ʱ㽫סɽȵĲһһƿ
һƺȻ飬ɽһŤܾ֮һģɽȻȻһΪΰʯ㳡ԭΧĻɽ˿ȴΪʮɸߵɫʯǽ
ʯ㳡룬һ̳ĸ̨Ȼһһ˶ߵĹӺ춦淭
ں춦ΧԼɼһСһĺɫ治ʱкɫĸ֣û֮С
עĿģȴǺ춦ð֮Уŵһİɫᣬɢŵɫӫ⣬ֻӫЩʱʱޣ̫ȶӡ
վڰգĿһɨ֮£˰ɫ֮ϡ
һΣͷϸ
ҵڴ˵ͼ˱ƷĻҲǼƷĶ취ˣֻЩдΣѷӲȫˡħһεĸֶһ˿׷Ŀ·İɫһۣ˵
Ѿ˼ˣȡİɣȴ֪˾᾿к֮Щɻʵ
˾ȻЩдΣΪ취Ȼ̺һСĿռ䡣ռһ޴ĺװ֮ˮΪ˴ռˮҿķһ˼ϧǰħ֮ضȹʮعħ˵ͷ˵
֮ˮǺĿһЩʵ
֮ˮɽڤ֮ˮмơֻһ̺֮ˮ̺ģǾħˡô󷨣ʵżȻõһżƫħл᲻ȼԪԲܹɿΪ硣ܹڽ֮ˮ˷ɴӻ˵ԪģͬʱҲǵٶȡħɫȻ˵
ǰڴ˴;İɣԣȻж֮ˮЩ棬һתʵٺ٣һ湻Сܵġʵؾɴ˶鱦ΪԴͷģǽ˱̳ؾ̱Ҷռ֮УٲħٺһЦ
˵˱Ǹ޷ȡǰͲˡɫ΢¶֮ɫ
˵֮Ȼеġֻ˵ģ˳򽫼̳ΧĽһһٽ˱ʱؾȻԻ̻û٣㹻˴ˡħ˵ţ촽΢Ľ˳һһ
˳Ĭ飬Ҳ˵ڹһ֮󣬱㳯·ȥ

Сպʯ㳡̳룬ϥдʣʮָͣóָӵӡͬʱüħӡǣҲ
Щɫ޹⣬ǰĹӺ춦תͣ͵͵
üĴħӡһüֱӷɳһöɫģһٵǰʼת
ͬʱһ䣬ʮְָһһһ£׷û˺춦С
âһɫһû붦С
һ
춦ȼյȻһ󷭹İɫһζһɶһ׹⣬ȵС
ˣһĽɫǰһ̧˫ĿâһĴ
δۣ˷Ȼһ̶ʯ㳡ȻҵĲ
𶯴Խǿҵƣʯ㳡濪ʼѣܵʯǽͬܲеĶԼʼһЩСһĹŰ䡣
ؾѾʼˣϽ뿪ʶУħȻ˵
ħ˵ɫһ֮󣬺ԥĽɫһֶ漴ڹһΪһڹڿն
֪Ƿƿ˾Եʣֻ࣬˿û֮ǰжٻ֮С
˿̸ϸ룬зһߣŹ㳡ɶݶȥ


1295 վ
һɳʯ㳡ΧΧдȴԽˣʱ֮·ؾʱܱһ㡣
һнһߣսȻ֣һɳĽɫ⣬һУͬʱɫһչݹٶһ´
ûֻƬ̹Ы֮ǰڵĸ±ңңӳ
þ䣬ȻҲԣ˿ѷ𣬶·ĸѺ棬ҡҡ׹ˡ
Ĵ˿̵ɫЩӣʱ׳ʱ֮·ȥȻʹ˳ڴȥЫڴˣֻӲͷƤԭء
״һɫݹֻǼЫǰ
ֻһ
һƬɫϼһһֻڴ֣Ыһֶȥ
ЫȻ֪ݹ֮Լˣֱ˿̣ſӦ
δ俪˵ɫֱһѽЫС
Ыھ֮ʱһֱû䣬Ӱ
Юģһɫ磬ųڼȥ
ͬʱ¡¡ľӺ󷽴
ֻħԨһҶ֮󣬾¡¡һ˳ǧ޴ʯһƬ̳֮УȻ
ͷһɵĻâһʢٴμӿ˼֡
ͻȻǰһ
źӰӭȴͷ浤ħݣ
ЩԭڿռļЩŲ·ײĳڷ
Ŀкһһ֮£ȼ
һ̣µĽɫ޽һ⣬ιУһĻΪһɫľ޴󾪺磬Ź棬ǰȥ
ಡһ
ܵԪһҷӿɫֱӴźӰжٶȲļǰȥ
ֱɫɳɺźӰϲŴۡ죬ֱһΪϺһĻΪ˷ɻҡ
ʱĽɫԶ߻һ⡣
ȥһ·ϣ˿ҷŻ٣ȫٷɶ֮£Χɿˡ
һЩħﵲ·ʱϧֶηɿ塣
֪˶ãֻǰɫһ䣬һƬɽǰȺɽҰĲ˸ߴľ
ˣüʱһ˿ϲɫ
ֻǴʱؾ֮ıը֮
ΧɽҲһضɽҡһѷ̺ͬһɿ측֣ѸӶ׵Ľر˺ɵϵһС
ԭܲУһĲƴ˷һֳСһĺɫд˷
˿̵ؾĩսһ㣬ȫҲֻʱˡ
ۼɫЩʧ
ҲɵһȻ֮ɫ
ڴʱһľ죬˷ëȻĿռ䲨ǰĴվȻͬһ㣬Ť
ֻһͬʱһȦȦۿɼ̼䳯ԼϮ
¹һӣʮɽ˲һһ֮󣬻ʮɾɽԼĻС
ݹһ٣ֱĳɽԵĳȥ
֣Ѿٱɫͨ
ӽͨɴܿռನ˲糱ӿܵĻɫɽ֮ϡ
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ͻȻһ̶֮ľ޴˺쳹صĴԶĸ߿УһʮɴĿռѷ죬һȻд
ţͬ˺˷һ޴Ŀռѷ죬ݺύĳܡ
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һ֮£æ˵ηΧŵһĺһ֮£һ¶Ρ
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еɫӡһ֮£Ϊ촷ۣ·ηҲ֮޹⡣
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ʱ˵ˣ黹ҪͻȻֵ˵𡭡һδģ¼̵Ľؾеľ渵
Żþ֮оȻͬʱ۷֮ʱ亹ֱð
Ҫ֪ǧ֮ǰʱҲڣĻʱþ֮ʱͷΪˣҪʱĻԼǸ޷ӳþġ
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¶һ˿ϧı飬ʵ
ˣ˵вûеõӣȴҵһӳı֪Ե棿
ϵ֮£ĳȻԵġڴˣһ֪ˡ˵ţ̧һ㽫һŰɫ
һûУһƬ˰ŨħھзӿϣȻͨɱġ
ףȻƺЩ𣬵ȴʵĶ취
һףȻЩˡ
˱Իͼռ֮У̺һ֮ˮǽڴˮԴӻô󷨶Ԫġ˵ţִ̧һ\âһŵûеİɫ֮С
ɫᡰᡱһ£з𣬵һת£зɳһƬƵˮˣһĽһԵİС
һ̶ֻΧһɼΪʵҺ˵á
ĳϣתһôԡɿ˵
ԣԱ˫Ŀôתһ飬Ƭ̺˫ĿʱȻϲ֮ɫԷ飬ڴˮ֮ô󷨣ԪĽ屶ֹ


1296 δ
һ֮ԣ˫ĿһԭǴ˴γ㽫֮λڻû֮ˣȥأ֮ͨˡԪʣ޼ô󷨶Ԫִ˴ˮԷһˡ
ԣ۹º󣬺Ȼ˫һ˵
ڴȹϲˡ
ֻ˸ˣǴˡȻԪݵ⣬Ȼûؾлûӣ֮λҲǷĪˡϾдˮҺγû׳֮ա
û¶ʲô֮ɫͬƽĻص
л񰮣ĳԵϹ⡣ֻҲóӪ֮£ʱҪĳϵġ
˵ţַһߣĵ֮ˮ糤ˮջ˰ɫ֮У漴һеĽɫС
ؾ֮ΪպֻҪУȻľԴϲ
֮һ֮աý˻ᣬΪٰһ¡ص񣬲֪ΣЦ˵
⵹ûʲô⣬ĳϲ̫ֻڲɣҪŵġ˵
˵ͷ׿һ޹ֿһӨӨİɫᣬ̾˿û뵽ħܣ鱦֮żȽ⣬ؾҲʹͱ˰ɡΪ󣬴˵Ժұչ֮κ˲̤벽
ĶԣȻͷӦʡ
ʱһĶ˱ȥ

뿪˴û̻صɽĶȥҴŸֵ伮
˼ʱ뿪㾶ֱص˺ɽĶ
϶ţϤ󣬲˿صϥ
ؾ֮УǰȻֻһգڼ侭ΣĶֻ࣬Щĳ֮ͨ⣬Ϊʿˡ
ħЭнศɲұ֤׾ٵĻɱߡ
ȡͼЩʹڱؾ֮С
Ƭ̣һ֣ǰһȭͷСĻɫһɫĴ«
ɫǸŮ浤ڵڵ˵ôҲСΪ
ֻϧһ۷ӥˣ屻ħͫеĻħֱӻΪ˻ҽ浤Ҳűջˡ
ںɫ«֮УװһЩ֮ˮ
ˮǰƹڤˮмƣɢȴŨħ
֮ˮڤˮ࣬Ҳһˮ֮оڷϴãԲӻʿԪšǴˮͬʱ̺˲ٵħҲЩΣѰħֻܽԼϴħ巨Ƕ˵ȴûЩǣڤǾǽ֮֮ˮһ·ڿǴ档ħڴ
Ե˵ͷؾɽ֮гνӴо֮ˮĲո˲ٵ伮ҲȷħԷ顣
ȶֽɫĬĬתڤǾϽɢŨĺ
Ƭ֮εɫ«ӣһһƺƵɫҺӺ«֮з
Ŀһдʣһ
ɫҺ͵ɢΪһƬɫڡ
ĺɫâ˸һɢΪĺڹ⡣
ɫһϲһɢĺڹԽǴ󣬽ϤС

µʱһμһɫݹ⼤֮⣬ֳһӵӰ
꿴һۣһ·ΣִһѶ˶֮С
Ƭ֮󣬶Ŵ򿪣滺߳
ɢһɫӫ⣬ϵϢǰӾˡ
겻һ浤ڵʿȻӦЩ
ϣǰʽѾ׼͵ǰȥˡһ˵
˵ͷ漴˼ݹ⣬ȥ
ͬʱҸƮ裬֮ƮѤϼ󣬿ޱȡ
ҵĸҲڽƵ£ʮɫľҲͬʱš
ΪĿǣׯ԰İУƾմһ׹ĸ̨
ׯ԰֮紨ԭ£ҲӸ½½˻
ʶһɨׯ԰оۼʿѾǧ֮ࡣ
Ҵ˴βû֮ǰ񣬴һ˼һأȻҲ̫Ҫ鷳
˺ܿڰŸķԸӭȥ
ףղΪƺһǿϲɺء´ۣĿһ˵
峤ˣǸո٣żѣûٵġǫһ䡣
Ϻαǫ˿̵Ϊò˶ãܽ˰ɡ̾һ
ˣһ·Ϊ˴˴δ׼ƺظôĶɣЦһ˵
Ǻǣ˵ﻰ˴ξμǰͬĲô󷨣ԪãҴؾ֮д֮ˮñԪݵܹõ˴ϲ֮£ܲúһǺһЦ˵
ˣϾͲƴˡһҲһЦ
ˣεЦЦҲû˵ʲô
£Լ΢ƫһĵطʼ֮е浤ʿһһ
ΪҳȻҲʮ꣬һӼ󲿷ʿ˵ûмʱĶ࿴˼ۡ
ȵʱ򣬼ʽĸ׼ˡ
ϣǱȵϸ̨Ͽʼʽɡվһ˵
ã˵ͷҲվ߳
˵⣬˸̨֮ϡ
ֻһ׵ľħ˻ɫȻڸ̨Χ
վһ֣ʱ̨·ʮɫŽǵʿͬʱ˺ŽǣĺŽʱɢ
̨֮ϰڷѴΣмϣķԡ
ҵ浤ʿڸ̨·վ水Ϊߵͣһһվֻ۾ˡ
ŽһͣȻվǰ˼˴ؾ֮УǰѾսλټڴˣΪԺļδ䣬ȿʼ档
һ䣬һȺɫ۵ʿ̧ŸָļԼڸ̨֮æµһ򣬱һ㰸
һһŰλߴһźӵĻħĻ


1297 
ħĻͷת
ڴ˿̣ĶħԴĵЦ
üͷ΢壬ûʲôӦ
ĵĴ£֮˿ʼ㰸λĤݣͬʱĬһЩ֮ʡ
Ḷ́½嵹Ҳ޼
ݹ棬ٴתڸ̨֮ǰ˵ҹѵؾȡӵĳϣֱӽҼһְб䣬˴ؾȻû˵õӣȴǴҵӳԪķֻһӰδĪѫϷҺĳ֮󣬾ϵҼְ֮
Ҵԣ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ؾдͼ飬֮ǰ߲㣬󲿷ʿǲ֪ġ
Ԫһֱ˵һĲ峤ϻ˼ȴʼһ񣬴˿̺ȻѾҵ֮βǿϲ
ϾԪһζǵΪиĻõ
µ棿һ浤ĻߣЩʵ
ȻϴķӣѾԹȻӰһЩô󷨵ٶȣȷԴԪġȴбֿʼ׼ÿһ˶档϶˵
ߴϲмĿһۣȥ
ʿһɧִǧ꣬пνǵ¸أ˿϶˵£ȻԵġ
ǺãȻû飬ϴӽ𣬱ҵʮĴɫ£˵
ɫȻվ
һݼ
λضĳսңضΪ˼ʢŬλĿڣȻ죬ޱȵĴڳ֮˵ĶС
ڳֻ֮з·һųħʯͷ֮зһɲɶƵ֮仯Ϊһɾ޴ķ籩ϯ
ڳɫ󾪣ڴ˿̣ǹ籩ȻʧӰ١
ѵʾϾԱɫ˲ͬ
ٺ٣СӣԵǲͨ챮ȻЩ籩ħ
Ŀ΢û˵
˻һۣ˶Էеľȡ
ŶҲܵӰ죬ǵΪȻ׽סˡ
ؾ֮Ѿʶʵ̫ȣжȴһ㡣
ǰһȻĵһϼһ֮кȻһöӵɫ硣
ţһ䣬˫͵ǰ˵Ϊع磬峤ӹ磡
ӹ磬̨ٴζһ
ˣҵļδ䣬Ҳͽˡ
ʣµһЩѾ˲μӣ齻һЩ´ٴλص
еɫ磬˹ʳΣϼ·ϰ벿ͨ͸̣°벿ֳɫΪۡ
ɫײɫķģ¼ħġ
ع磡
峤ڴͻȻվΣȭ˵
һԵҲͬȭ
˵ͷǼȻ֮ϣĶ˷ֱԱߡ
ͼδãµ˼Ǿ֮ˮӻԪš΢һԥСĵʵ
Ŵ˻Ҳת׿˹
ȻѾμЩȻҪþ
λϲ¶棬֮ǰҲ˵Թûжپ飬֪λкκõ뷨Цһ˵
Ķһۣ漴ͷٴι˵Դˣµи飬ɡ

δգׯ԰֮пʼ޽һ͹
μĶλԶ֣ڴ֮вһ󷨽ơ
֮ΪĹſͨ屻˸ħƣΧҲ󷨽ƣƺΪء
һͷˮ֮ʱá
ֱʱ˲֪һֱεӳԪķȻ֮С
룬һֱĶСˮأˮ֮з˵ĺɫܿˮ֮еɫҺ壬һɫˮرƣͬһƣе֮ˮ
ˮΧĵϣ˸·ɫϷڶȥˮϿձḡֳһɫĻ赲
վˮظͷȻΪ⡣
벻ڽ֮Ҳƾ֮ͼ˱дһԵڣ֮ˮˮأʡȥ˿ͼ취Ĺˡ̾
ĳˡһЦȴһ˿ꡣ
˵Щ󷨽ƣ󲿷ֶǴǬѧģԼ뿪Ĵ½һΰ꣬Ҳ֪ǬҶüΡ
һжѾ׼տʼɿʼʿˮнݣӻԪš£ĳϸٰɡһ˼˵
ǡԣ
̽һľʹ⡣
Ͼʿڶ࣬ͬʱӦһʹá
һ֮е浤ʿʹ浤µʿնҵĹ׶ȣȡʱ䡣
һ֣жһɫ
öڴͼĵطһҵģħµһΪξĹͱôЩơϸ˹ӦúͱʿΪϡ˵ţֽݸ
һЩĽӹʶ̽С
֮ԭϥ£Ƭ֮ϸֳһ㵭Ϲâλһ㡣
Աۼ˾¶˼֮ɫ
ȴɫƽ
Ƭ֮۾վ־ϲ˵
˵˹ȷʵ֮˵ʺҸոճԵĽ׻ξȻȽûôȱҹ۶ô֮£˹ħרǵġ
ҲǴϲһ֮ڲӻԪķӣõµβϲ
Ȼˣ׻ξͽϸ𣬴ڸеɫ˵
ǣ֮ɫһ࣬Сĵ
ڶһ磬̽ʹù涨Ѹ֮ˣʿڴ˾ȻҲûж顣
̶ʿʹã֮ˮ֮󣬹ȻоԪż˺ܶࡣ
һξĳ֣ʿϲ֪λþҲؾ֮дģʿӸж


1298 ħ
Һɽһƽ̨֮ϣ˲м䣬ࡣ
˿ǰׯ԰֮УһʿһƬڵΣĬȻ
κ̾Ϣһ벻֮꣬ܿԪţ쵼壬պҷٲʢ֮ڣָտɴˡ
ϣĿƺ֮⣿ɫ΢оȣ˵
Ǻǣ峤ĳڣϷзĵĺܡ֮ǰǴӻþ֮ʱҾ˵ˣԪ޶ֻ࣬гһʱ䲫һˡĿһᶨ˵
ˣҲϣӽտʼϱչؾްɡͷ˵
л¡΢΢һϲһ漴һһݹ⳯źɽһɽȥȻ˵߾ߡ
ĿԶȥ򣬲Щ
֣Ҫչؾޣ֮¾ҪæˡƽĴ˹
һ飬æջĿ⣬ֵ˵ﻰЩ·֮°ˡ
ĳ仰ĳҲͷˡˣħ½ħһЩйô󷨵ĵãϧ޵ĲǻҲãվĳˡĳһЦ漴ȡһɫ򣬵ݸġ
һ漴ЩɵĽӹʶ̽С
Ƭ֮¶˿ϲɫһ񣬵лͣģպвǲֻܷԸǣľ޶
еĵã̫Ҫˣһһ䶼ֱָô󷨵ԴЩĵãټ֮ˮаգڰ֮ͻƵڵľ硣
ã˵ҲͷˡȻ峤ʵڲ£Щͽˡ˵
ǣ峤ġļæӦһ
Уݲ嵥ĶҼ֮֮˾ȫȥռֻҪĶܻѶħҲҪȡַȡ򣬵ݸģɫص˵
һ漴æӹʶһɨ΢΢˿
öϵбһЩΪϡ֮ЩǴеĶǿġ
ԺΪҪ֮£ѰЩĹѴʱҡֲ
ǣһݣæӦ
Ľ̸䣬ı뿪ˡ
ԳԦ̣֪ãҲΪʺִȨӰһħθԡ
«ưѡ˵ЩѾĲƿңħĲ̫Ѱ㾡֮Ҳ޷еĲϡǵ˵һ䣬漴ֻһת˵
㲻żҵʵǡ֮ǰҿҵ浤ʿУѾ浤ԲһôطǽļʡħĲϣʵҲҲҪ֪һط϶ħҪĲϡħĿһ˵
˵¶һ˿ȣʵ
ڻûбҪ֪Ҫ֮£Ǿڡħ¶һ˿ɫЩҶ
ЦһûʲôһŶȥ
ȻѾ峤סĻ֮ǰĶ
һ䣬ҲҪʼ£˼һ˼ˡ
ڵΪѾڵƿ֮ˮϴԾ٣߽ڵļʣĿǰõķľ
ص˶ȡһĵ伮ϸϸж
ռйɽϣйɽħ޵ķֲ
ڴʱһڹз˳̾˼ͷơ
Сһ֮ҪˡḧƳԴе˵
֮һɫݹϢķɳңɽȥ
֮⣬£û֪ѾȻ뿪˼塣

ʱţתۼ䣬ҼѾһٶȥˡ
ڼ䣬Ĵ£ν죬Ⱥ浤ħˣɹط࣬׵󾳡
һͬչеڣʿ
֮⣬½浤˲
У֮ˮṩĵð£ʮǰһٽ׵󾳺ڡ
ħָ֮£ǿ󲻶Ͻ֮ˮ߷ȣҲǰ׵ڡ
ڼ屬У¶˲ǿʵʹò峤һһˣ֮ȫ̲
ԭڲݲɽ¶ˮңҲԴһٽڲǰĴ֮Уλִҽ峤Զͬ׵ʵԶ
һգׯ԰УҴԶĳصĵ¶УһŨħɵĺɫת
ɫ·һʮɴСξ޴ΧǶϺɫʯһƺ˿״ԴԴϵɢ֯ƳһɫûϷĺɫ֮С
˿ϥڷǰһ˫Ŀ΢еĳǰȫע֮
ͳ޵ķʱǰһ
ηŸ֮ĸַӡڷû󣬱ĺɫĴи֣ʼ
ͻȻеĺɫһ𣬴Ӻɫдءһһ֮
šһ£ɫɿתһƺɫ˷һ¶˺ɫԭ֮
ȴһСؾӨ͸ֹǣΧݺύĲһɫ
ֹǱɫ·һ֮£иֳһİɫСˣзֵĹֽУƴͣںɫ֮£޷ѡ
üħӡһ֮£зɳһƴСģһŵûɫС֮ϡ
ɫС˰һٴɫֹ֮ϡ
ֹǱ渡ֳڰɫ⣬֮֯£ѿڹâ䶯ͣתۼһƾͳˡ
ѿӽֱ֯󴦲һֹͣ
Ʊ棬ֳһƬƬɫƬرһȦȦħơ
ڴʱһӰϸֶ
ħ졣
䷽һ֣¶֮ɫ˵Ļһڹ⣬һŵû˺֮УӰ
顱
ԭƵĺɫ׷ɢ֮ս˼Σʮֵ
ȻֻħһС֣ȴһػ֮СУħ
ռôõĲϣ۳һֻˣ⻨ѿʵСˣվ˰طĺƣ¶һ˿֮ɫ
Һķô꣬ռĲϲſ۳ħһС֣ҹķѵħҪǧ֮ˡ


1299 
СӣģɱСһƣҸ˵ͨ۷ħˣδܳסȫһȻͣ˰УħȻ
˻棿⻰ʱüͷһĽӿڵ
ٺ٣ƭСкô˵ֻһƣƽʱΪ׵ġҳ֣Ҳֻһ֮ԲĽҪͷǲ׳ֵģһμǡٴδħ쵭
ԣһ˸
ħ֮Ȼᾡţʶɨ֮Уȷִһһ֮䣬̺һ޷Īܡ
ȻħԼ֮ʣҲҼȵġ
ȻˣЩ֮ΪԼһֶΣҲʮֻġ
һˣһת˵ˣΪ˲ħǰǷҲöֳŵҽɽһˣ
ռĲӦÿǿɽƳɶ취ˡҪܣҪʮȫϲСħĬƬ̣Ż˵
Ǿ鷳ǰˡĳƹԵ

º
ĳԲСؿռ֮Уɸߵɫ޷壬ͨƹţ֮ƵĶλ
ɽм䣬ưĺɫӹᴩУɫˮϢ˿˿ˮڶ
УӰһһƾո֡

Ŀ⻷֮£ؿռâȻĺ˷ӲĴɸߵľ޷İεض𣬴޾ƣڰطɶ
ͬʱԭɽŵڴӣҲ֮ڿնɽƶ趯
һʱ䣬ؿռ䶼ƺɫ⣬ԪɢŨԼˮϢ
һΪƺռеһС
ɽӣһ֮䣬ɲٿ硣
һ̣һתһһģ֮£ʧԭء
¶УŻƹɵɫԲ飬һڰת
ÿһɫԲ鶼Щ͸ɽ֮ұ˴֮âͬʱƺڻӦһ㡣
ͻȻһӰһâһ¶Ӱ
һӰһͣԣȴħֻơ
ôԸɽӷ֮ڸоΣħȻ
û̻ش߶˼󣬵һУɫԲƹһı֮С
Щ˿˵ȻֻţԱ֮ǰɽ飬ͬնˡһɽӿռ֮УĶɽӷ֮֮ӲɱС
ڴʱ䴫һ˵ļ
һأһ֮£һ鴫Ѷ̣ɢ׹⣬һϸСֶּ
Ŀһɨ漴һգһεĻΪһڹĳ˶ߡ
Ƭ̺Ҵ֮С
֮ϣ֣ģҲ࣬һʵҺ꺺ӣһλͷԵꡣ
ˣ󾳵½ϣ꺺ɽϵ෽
֮⣬ڻʮ֮ˣЩ浤
Ȼ˶ˣѴµȥϸ˵һ°ɡĿ⻷һȦϣ˵
ǡģ峿Ĵ֮һǲʹң˵ҪǰɳԮϸֳǣҵȷҪ峤Ԯ֮Сվһֺ漴Ŀϻɨ˵

ʲôˣ
Ϊ峤ҲҪǰȥ
Ļ䣬󾳳ƺ֪֮⣬һɧ
ԣҲЩԾȻ֮ǰõĵĴѶԴµǰȴûпʲô֪Ȼ˵ˣĵ˽⣬϶ġ
ȻĶ˶ٺ󣬱˵Եڴ½磬࣬ݵʮ徹ͬʱѱ䣬ǲܽҲͳ˶Էֵĵһվʳ֪ºҪҳƽѣұǲݵֳ˾ݵ㣬ͬʱʼƵҪ󸽽ݿĴɾԮյĴ̽»ʵǲݵҲͬʱյ˵
壬ҲҪ峤սĿһ˵
ǡϹص
ȻˣɽϱУ෽ǰȥ֧Ԯ෽ϣһʱ䣬ټʮ浤Ӽӣһڹ㳡ϣϸֳǡ°ͣ˼ĵͷ漴ϷԸ
ȻЩ֣ƴֻȴӦʱһһˡ
ǣ峤ĵԣͬ
¾ͲͷˣʱԻ´Ѷˣαչڼ䣬лкҪ·𣿡˵ͷ漴һתʵ
ЩеȷЩ鷢ԣ

Դ磬࣬ѱսƵ𣬺ݽڣ̣һЩ岿Ϊⱻ׷׳ŲвǨȥ
Ĵ֮һҽӵʳĺѸǲսҾţ˲ذڶ̶һڣڱ߹شֳ⣬޽ǧľ޴¡
֪ǷѾηȻھֳǧ֮ĵطڻ˱û̹
˿ֳ̣ΪģפѹѹҴӪǧƮһɱ֮
ʮպ֮ҹ̵ĸϵֳʱǰıⷬ龰
Ǿֳǻжʮ룬һѲӵĺڼʿѾӭ
ǰֳϴӪߺˣһӺڼʿͷ죬ʵ
ĿЩʿһɨвһ
ЩʿΪһ㣬ʿͷ첻һ浤ڵʿϵĺɫЩء
׿ʽӣէһ·Ѱһ㣬Ҷұ־⣬ûκķĻƣȴһЩϤĸо
ʶ΢һӦ¶һ˿Ȼ
Щڼ׺Ȼݻİ㺣ɫ֮ͬЧ
ǲɽ峤˳Ԯƽѡе˵һ䣬һ֣ȡҵĵڶԷǰ΢΢һΡ
ԭ峤Сʧˣ峤ֳǡʿ쿴еĵ΢΢˿æÿ˵·
˵ͷ˵෽ʿֳǷȥ
ܿ죬һķͨڵľͳǳرǰ
˳ǳǽʮɸߣǽϣÿұһ¥СС¥ԼͷܶͬʱǽϻŲ֪ħƣӳ£ŵĺ⡣
һӶͬɫ׵ʿڳǽѲţĿⲻʱɨܣ쳣


1300 ˷
ڴʱ·ǳ֮зɳһӣȻҲʿһ񣬿˵±μѰɣһ·Զˣ
ʵǣݹһͣĿһʵ
෽ʿͬ׷ͣ
Ǻǣң֮ڴ˵ȺٶλѾΪλ׼Ϣ֮΢΢һЦ˵·ǳȥ
Ŀһ漴˸ȥ
ֳ֮н࣬Ŵ˶⡣
꽫˴˳жһʮɫĸ¥Ȼôҵһˡ
ҵλڴ˴ϢɣЩªλҪ֡ԴǸ˵
Ѳ˿ҵҲΪܣ֪˿ǰսΣЦһ漴Ŀһʵ
ո֮ʱԶԶĳԶӪ˼ۣĴӪһɺ֣Ȼʩչڡ
ĿǰֻСģĽӴԷƺ׼ٽҷ׼㣬Ŀǰల¡ѯս£ɫȻ
Ŵԣ˵ͷ
ΪֹѾвҼ˹˿̶ڴ£ϾҲȥʹҼһɡ˵
á̵˵ͷ漴Ը෽ڴ˴ϢԼ˲糯ųǳĵһȥ
֪ڶЩѾ˳Уһߣʵ
ĿǰܵĴһѾϵݿֻӺݣԣݵյִ˵
Ŀһ˵ͷ
˴˻˿ֳоۼʿҲһ֮ľӣѾʵҲв硣
˿̸ݿļ嶼ԴԴϵĸֳǣ˴ңʳܻӲֻҪͦһʱ䣬ƾܴΪĹۡ
ţ΢һЩ
֪˿ֳУλǰ򣿡һ£תͷѯꡣ
磬֮࣬ħʴ˴ΪŭΪ˾ƽңҼֳǡ⣬һλͨҲڳУԺѱܼˡ˺ǺһЦ˵
Ȼʵ̫ˣԹ֮ܣңغܿƽˡ֮ɫһ漴һЦ˵
һģܿ˳ǳĴ֮⣬߽ת˼·ڣһ
ǿаڷʮΣڴ࣬˿ЩѾʮˡ
ڳ֮˶ǸҼ඼кڵʿ˿̴֮ţԾһ𣬵̸š
ͷһԸһЩλȻ˿λ֮ϲûڡ
һ̤ʮĿһ뿴˹
ףⲻ𣿵ǸϵˡһòĴվ̤˹
׵ѡĿһ¶һ˿ЦݣԴ󺺵ͷ
ǲң׼Ҽ׸ꡣ
׼ҺƽسУҲʹй֮Ե黹㲻
ѣƽŲóô˻ܼλѡ󺺹һЦɷ˵һס˹ȥ
¶һ˿Ц֮ɫƺЩܲ˴鱼ŵԸ񣬶Ǹĵ˵ͷȥ
Ҽ˾һ˿âȴЦĳһȺȦ˹ȥ
׸һСȦУһλĿ⳯Χļ˿˹ȥ
˴СȦӳ׸꣬ˡ
һ̷ٸʮ꣬òֻĮҲֻǿһۣ˿ûдк˼һ־ǧ֮ĸо
һһ׷ԲԵߣ˫֮Ϸһ˿ĺΣƺ󲡳һ㡣
׷һģ΢΢ͷ
һȴһ˾ŮͯݰףһѪЩײࡣ
λһ£λ֮ǰἰģɽҼѡ׸꽫ܸˡ
Ŵԣ鶼΢΢һ䡣
Щ꣬ڲȷʵƵպգԣѾǲǰĴˣμأг֣˽ֵ
ԭ±ѣһᡣ׷߱ȭһ񣬵
̷ٸͺŮͯҲ࿴ۡ
λҲǲļֱ֮ǰӣѺѡ׸ֱһ̷ٸ׷ߺͺŮͯ
ԭǰһᣡ
΢΢ȭ׸Ȼû˵⼸˵֣֪ϣҲжϳ⼸˵
ңңңҲǲļ塣ȻȲң׼ңҲС
رǸŮͯڵϼ壬ƣû´ĻŮͯǲݺպʦã˵йĴţΪʳһöϹŵҩŵ䣬ΪһŮģ
໥֮ͨҲǢ
ˣ׵ѣ֮ǰ˵ۼ֮󣬱㿪ʼִ˴֮£Կʼ˰ɡ̷ٸ䵭Ŀڵ
Ŀһ¶һ˿ɫ
ǺǣӲؽѸոˣĳҪ˵һ׸ǺһЦһ֣һɫâɢΪһɫĻС
ѣô£˴δսȻΪսգδᷢʲô飬˭Ҳ޷ȷĳҪļλսʱˣ֪ѿȤ룿׸꿴ʵ
ԣһ˿˼֮ɫû̻ش
˳һᣬڳңһСȦӣȻе˼ˡ׸û˵ֲһ
΢һſڵȻ׵룬ĳȻԸ룬ĳȼλĶҪֳ֪Σ˵ʵĳȻӵҵĵԾ˵һ֪
ѿڣȻὫռ鱨ͼλ׸˵
Ŵԣ̷ٸҲ¶רעɫ
ĳ鱨磬࣬ݵʿ֪ΪͻȻʳ֮еѾһԺŴ˷׸껺˵
̷ٸһ
˷ħƺЩ
Ŀ΢ûħѯʡ
ȻѾԺΪ֮صʿҪ׷ʳˡŮͯ˵
֮ص׷ʲô֪֮Ѿһ飬Դҿʼ׼ΪݣͼǱ룬Ƕ޹˲֡׸̾˿˵
׵ѿ֪˷ۼ˶ʿǷѾֳľݵ㣿Ŀһʵ


1301 ط
˷ӵҪݵ㱻һ޴ķֻ֣Լ֪ҪоۼʿƺֳǶ٣еľΣȴǲö֪ˡ׸껺˵
Ŵԣ˶¶˾ȵɫ
˷ҪҲһкʿԮһսǲɱˡҹƣ£죬˫϶Ҫһģս׸˶ٺֲ˵
Ŀһ˿ɫֻһš
ⳡսȻ漰λͨܲУʵҲһаȫˡ
ɫҲǺܺÿȻźһ˼
λصģһսչҵ϶һͬͬˣͨܣҲء׸ŵ˵
ŴԣٸɫԻ
ڳ֮У׸ΪߣѾڣ˶һ㣬ڵľ磬֣ȷʵпܺͨܿһ
Ŀ΢΢˸ΧȥΧһС඼ӡ
ڴ˿̣֮еʿһɧһŴ򿪣һ߻˽
һɫۣɫ΢ɫһ˫֮ɢĹâ
˾μط硣׸˵һ䣬һ֣ԵɫĻ
ĿһĵȻħߵвɵһ
˿̴֮еĶʮλ׷վϡϡ
ãɡߴ粽ߵϣתһЦĿڵ
еĸλ׷Ŀⶼߡ
λ˴磬࣬ңΪ˷ħʴŭ֣س׻ԷҵĻֶɱλ̵ܹʱ˴ĳοط֮һͣ٣˵
ȻЩĳ滰˶ʿĻ֮Ȼʱֳͷɫ
ǰ˵̫ɷҵˣ˷ȻѾⷴħʳԲݣݵȵط𹥻ҵȻҪЭǰ֮׻һɫ۵վ϶Цݣ˵
ԵļҲ׷׸һĳͬ
ˣһ˿ɫ
һΣǺųƲݵһ壬ҵļң׼ҵҪϼ֡
˿̣ΧںԵ߰˸ˣǴ֮һСȦˡ
׸ĺһ¶˲мɫ
ü΢ת׿׸һۣܿƿĿ⣬׼ҺͺΪӽ֮ʱгͻʶϵǶӣڲҲ֪֮ˡ
׸Ȼ󣬵Χ˶˶УҲƳһۣһ˿â
ǹ˼Ҽڳ˺׸궼ûнһľٶ
λܹô룬̫ˣֻҪҵЭŲնܹƴ˷ʱħʴ˱ؽ۹͡طƺʲôûмһ㣬ǺһЦ˵
ǰ֪ڳݵ㵽׾ۼ˶ˣһڴİվʵ
һ۱ջĿ⣬ȴǲʶģӦòݵһСҵļݿˡ
λԷģѾĲˣ˷ڳĺڷ꽨һҪݵ㣬˿̺ڷʿҲֻ߰ˣʿҲֻʮ˵ӡط絭˵
һ֮еʿʱ۷׷
߰ʿֳǵıֳ࣬ʿǶԷһ˿̵һս
ԷʿȻ٣ȴλͨʵǲٵġطƺڳ֮˵뷨˵
еŴԣЩʧʱСࡣ
ڸղţʳѶħʴѾǲͨϹһձִʱǴ˷ûͨԮҵȱ㽫ôգλڳкúԱ֮ļսɡط˵
ǣӦһ¶ĦȭƵɫ
սʱ򣬾ֳǧ֮⣬޴ɽ֮䣬һԲľ޴Ҫ
ҪһŨŨĺ֣ΧһӶҰɫ׵ħʿѲߣ֮Ҳʱһݹɳۡ
˴ȻǴ˷ĺڷҪ
˿̣Ҫ֮еһЩ谵ƫ֮УһһŮɫ۵ʿ
˿ʮͣŮòͷϴһɫͷڷ¶˰׾Ķͷ
һɫЩƣüëͺ۾ҲϸֳΪª
ɢϢΪӴ󣬺ȻͨĴ֮ʿ
мһɫԲ裬ɢһȦȦĺڹ⡣
ĿתĶźɫԲ裬ƺڵȴʲô
ģɫԲйâһžһƾոֳһͷСĺɫ棬֮иֳһģ
ϣŮһеվһ
ؿˣ׼ôеһûͷûβĻ
ħѾҪȫϣٿ֮ҲѾȫλʱչжȻ֪˵Ǻ£̴Ӧ˵
ã鱨ٹգʳĻʸˮͻʸ˱ֳִǣʱذռƻ£󣡡еԸ
ǣŮɫһ࣬Ӧһ
ɫ˸£ɢԲָܿԭ
˶һۣܿҴ뿪ƫ

ֳУȸҵļһսĲ𣬴ʱ֮󣬲ŷ׷ɢȥ
׸˸֮󣬺ܿʿס֮
෽˿ڴ֮вʱȥһ˽æϲӭȥ
˶Ѿź˰ɣ෽˵ͷʵ
ǵģֳṩסΪԣļӵܶѾźס෽æش
Ǿͺá漴˻Ӧһ䣬ޱߵ˴еһ
෽飬вɵЩ㷣˵ʲôˡ
Ҳ°ɡһָԱߵӣĿ˵
෽һ֣
̸֪֮ΣֳǴ˿̾ʲôΣ෽ԥһ£ʵ
ɫĽٳϵĴ෽˵һ飬ͬʱ׼ңҵȼҰн˵Ҳ˵һ£ȻպչĴս
̫ˣֻҪʳܸͨϵǱȲʤȯˣ෽ϲ˵
ˣ˭Ҳ޷֤֮УĴ˷Ҫ᲻ͨԮʼվ˷ֵĺǹŹ֡磬࣬ݵش߽ûгֹܹһͳ֮صĴңҸҵ鱨˷֮ƺͨܵĴڣЩͨʿǴӺδֱ̫ΡĿ˸˵
Ī˵˴δսᷢʲô෽ЩɫҲ侲˵
ֻҵԤжѣԸе˺úգ֮дսСĽһЩòҪ뿪ҵҰΧ˵
ǡ෽æͷ
ˣҲȥϢɡ֣෽һȥ


1302 ˷
ϾƬ̣˼߻Լķ䡣
֣һɫɢ˿
ٺ٣㻹֪չһ硣ӰһħӰԣٺһЦ˵
ڶħ첻ʱðĳϰΪԹԵߵһʵħǰƺԴ˷Щ˽⣿
ٺ١˷Щһյֶεǲħ¶˼ɫ
Ŀһûв廰
Сӣ֪ʳϣħʵ
ջʸɣڴ֮ϣҼҲἰպͨʿʸˮͻʸ档ʹ˷ʲôϵһ漴Щʵ
ȻħԪΪã۱ǧ꣬ĸ½ʱţܶ鶼ᷢıġͳ½ҲˡħϺ¶һ˿׷ɫ
˻˴ɫ΢΢һ䡣
ڲʮǰͳħ½ģڵʳһ˷˷˲֪ĸȻøħ½ԹڣСҲΪŭԡֱʳ棬ʸҹ죬ǧʱ䣬һƷ˷Žڵʳħ٩٩̸ʮǰһǰ
Щأ仯ƺ뵽ʲô
ħǰ˼ĪָںȻֵ˷ʮǰʳĺŪģħûм˵ȥĿһʵ
Ȼܿ϶ҹư˾ŲʮˡħһЦ˵
ǰʳͼ٣ǿ϶Ѿ˼Ϊ׼һ̴¾ЩΣˡվɫ
Ҳ̫ģ˷֮£ʳ϶Ѿ˶ߣԻѸٵĵɱЩ浳ʳħҲǸӢʵνɲ⣬˷Ҫ䳹ƷҲ¡ħ첻Ϊ˵
Ŵ˻ɫÿһЩϣʵǰʳ飬ƺΪϤʮǰʷҲ֪֮ꡣЩҲ˺ܶйħ½ʷ鼮ȫûᵽ˷ġ
Ϊħ½ʱ̫̣δﵽͨ磬Ȼε¡ͨ˵ֻҪ룬ϣûж첻ģο˽һαصʷѡħüͷ΢ɲһ£˵
ԭˣܽˡü΢˵
ħ˵ȻƽǴвһ˿쳣Ҳû˵ơ
ܵ˵֮ıս峤Ҫųͷʵʵڴĺ棬Ӧòʲô⡣ҲǻָЩʵҪʱһġħ˵˴ԺһΪһƺڹ⣬·ڡ
ɫһĬȻԺ˼ŽյõѶϢŸ
ȻħĲ²ûдֳ֮սһΪѵսʵҲһܹȷȫ
ҲУǾĿŵΥʳˣȻ
ʱֹҶܵǣӶ⵽֮֡
һʱʹܽѣٴһٶŬҲȫ׷ˣҪռħĲϣǲ֪Ҫȵˡ
ȻħħкĿĻö֪ȻԷԣŵʱ뿪Լ꣬Ҳֻоɴˡ
⣬ڵСȻټȡ䷨һٶҲԼûдŹܾں֪Ƿڻָʵʱʲô״Ҳ޷֪
˼Ҳû̫õİ취һ߻ңϥ
Ƭ֮ϸֳһҰɫâһƴСĺڰɫʯһĳУʯ֮ϸֳССĹӷͼ
ļѾ˻챮ĴܣȻҲħָѲ˹ϵ
ڻ챮ӵѾԶԶıɽ顣
дʣִһڻ챮֮ϣ챮â𽥱
֮󣬱ƻչâһ챮ϵĻħͫһһֻ֣ݺݲ֮С
һڰ״һռѷ죬ѷ֮ܿ޾Ŀռ籩
˿ЩǺ죬ϸǺڹţȻѾеķ
ڴ˿̣Ϻڹһ¶һ˿ʹɫ챮â͵һռѷ춶˼£ֻ£
ʧҡҡͷڴϢ漴ȡһöҩ£ɫźÿһ㡣
ոû챮취ͼƿա
ϣΪѸӶֶΣÿռ䷨֮ƿӶݶˡ
ڽпܷĴսУܹ˺ռѷߵļɻϺܶࡣ
һֻΪﵽ֮ͨ󣬲пܸռ䷨ƿա
֮⣬ӵһ̺ռ䷨֮Ķ취֮Ҳǲʵ֡
ħڻ챮У̺һ˿ռ䷨ֻ֮ķȴԲ㡣
Ϣã۾ҡͷЦһûټԣʯ󣬾
ʱתۼ
һʱֳ֣ϿգҼطΪףҼ˿̾ۼڴˣ䴦׸վһƺڵȴʲôˡ
֮У߰˸Ҹϵֳǡ
ֳеħѾﵽʮϡ
طҲվһҰͷߣɢϢȻҲͨΪһۣżһ˿һЩթĸо
ĿϿ˼ۡ
⼸Ҳ˵ˣֳгط⣬һͨϣȻǴˡ
ƺأ⼸ûǰ¶档
ڳλĿⲻʱɨɫľȻƺʲôҲûио
ʱţһʱȻ
ڳ֮Ķǳ֮ãû¶겻ɫ
ڴ˿̣һХԶոֳϹ⡣
˾һϹѸޱȣ˼˽ǰӴѹȻڳΪļɫ̲סһ£һ
âһǰֳӰ
ɫһ̧ۿȥˣһһΪߴ׳ӣڳ֮ߵ׸껹Ҫ߳ͷ
׳һɫۣٻպͶͷϸֳɫħƣΪ䡣
һһ쳣Ӣӣòţ¾ƮƮٷ硣
ϵɫħ٣üֳ֮һΪӵɫӡǡ
Ŀһüĵӡǣħм̹ħӡǵмơ


1303 ǰϦ
ˮϣ泤ϣλԶˡطһЦ˫ֱȭ˵
ԵĿһתҲɫĮȻĵ˵ͷǴк
ˣЩΪʳر߽ν龡ǣħʴ˶ԴοصҶοһߴ׳ûпڣһǺһЦĿ˵
ħʴ̫ˣϷ֮طĻص
վȺ֮У˵ĶԻĿ΢΢
Щõߺռ壬壬ϼ壬ϼĴʵȷǿ쳣鲼ħ½Ĵʳ֮УҲλ߾ԣǱΪĴħλ֮ߣνħʡ
ȻжٵȨƽ棬ȴö֪ˡ
ˣˮϣ˽ܣЩǲݣԣݸѶϸ֧ԮĸλطͻȻ뵽ʲôһ㣬һָˣ˵
ĿһתȺ֮зɿɨ֮ɫ⻪һš
˶پһƺһ¿˲ܣоһݡ
Ŀӹʱɫ΢΢һ䣬üĴħӡǺһȡ
üͷ΢壬΢ͣһᣬ´˼ۣһ˿ɻ󣬲֮ܿƿĿ⡣
λΪ˻ʳְ࣬أƽ˴˷˶Ȼʵϱħʴˣλ۹͡˵
лˮˡڳһڼȻи죬ȫ˵
˼䣬˱ֳУ߽˴
طͻʸˮ֮ϣʸ״£һпǾȻ
֪˿ֳĴ˷ˣʸˮһʵ
ϷҪˮ£ط統ֳǵϸ˵һ¡
еλҲ׷䣬ϸ
̽ĻرڷĴ˷Ȼʮħ˵Ԯͨڻֻ˵ӡط˵
Ŵ˻ڳ˶ʱϲ˻ʸˮͻʸλͨڣʵϣѾԳ˴˷
˿ȴû¶ʲôϲɫ
ãսת˲ţȻǿôӦץסᡣ̽ɡʸˮһ˼£վ˵
ˮϣҵǷҪһսƻѵóóȻȥطԵ߳һ£˵
ϹȻ紫һҸոԶԶֳĵоӪһֳۣǲǧת˲ڱĵϣºԷĶĿοҵʵ˿ǿԷܶ࣬ҲòˡʸˮǺһЦΪŵ˵
ˮ֮Ȼˣλ̵ˡҹҵȱڷꡣطԷ˵ˣҲվ
·ĸλæվӦһɿ뿪˴ŸԼס֮ɶݶȥ
ɫĮȻķɳ˴ڴ˿̣ӦһĿԼϣжʱһݡ
ûлͷҲûͣٷֺͬûвһ㣬ǰȥתʧ˴֮⡣
֮ϣʸˮջĿ⣬һ˿â
˿̣˸һҲɳ˴Ҵȥˡ
תۼ䣬֮Ѿյֻʣط磬ʸˮʸˡ
λԶǷҪϢһ£ӻʶ˾ңԶλֻգӦʩչĳɣطЦݵʵ
ǲأҺǱħʴ˴߶ֱӴ͵˲ݸ֮󲻹һһҹѣûĶٷġʸˮ˰֣˵
ˣǸոЩ֮УһӣǴˣϤ𣿡ʸЦ֮󣬺Ŀ˵ͬʱһ֣һϹ⣬Ϲ֮иֳһӰȻ
ˡҼǵǲһеҵļôˮ϶Դ˸Ȥ𣿡طĿһЩʵ
ѵ𣿡ʸˮһЦʵ
ˮ˵Цˣ⵹ǣħ½֮ϣҲǶһҵġطҡͷһЦ
ǸǸҲǿϷԶΪ磬һ䣬֡ʸ˵һ˿â漴ת׿ڷķ
ˮ赣ʲôҵʵԶʤ˷ս㲻ȫߵоҲشԷΪʳΧȡʱ䡣ط翴ʸˮ飬˵
˵ǡʸˮЦһͷ˵ȴתͷ
˷ĵϸֻʳؿвмأҲֻлҴܲλҼҲ֪ҪԸĵ˾ǿ󵽺ֵز
ʳħʣΪ˷ĳ֣ѽǲʮҾܳŲݿ»û֪
ʸˮ̶֣֮ҲǴЩ˽ġ
ԪߣѾ֮ͨҵϵһħʵ֮һ
˴δ˷üλħʾ߶ѾȻҪڱ֮ǰһЩ͡
Щ飬ܺط˵ġ
Ͼʳļ̳̬һЩ˿̸֪£ͽ
ִʸ濴˻ʸˮһۣԾû˵ɫʼնһƬľȻһһԻʸˮհģ
ط˫ָĿҲŴ֮ĺڷ귽ȥĿ΢֪Щʲô
ͬʱ֮˾ס֮
෽Ļټ˼ϡ
Ϊ˱ս˶סޱսܿۼ
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֮˵ס֮УһɴŮվڣĿĵıӰȻЫ
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һԶӳڴ

طޱһ֡
һ̣˷ƿ
յĸ֮˺Ҿŷ𣬻ݹ⣬źڷķǵضȥ


1304 ս
ݹ۳һܵصľ޴Х䣬糱ֱϯȥ
˵Ⱦ޴󶯾Ȼ̾̾ڷĴ˷ţĺŽʱƳգ쳹ء
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˷ħˣһ磬Ҹ߿յɫħմ˿̽ʣһ˿״µʹЩͬȾһɫ⡣
ڴ˷ǰղһӰͬʱֶͨĿֲϢεɢ
˶һ۴磬Ů⣬һֳ߹ȵĻߡ
һ⻪ۣգۼʮħˡ
Щħ˿ԶѹֳǴ̲סЩɧ
ߵͨۼ˾ϵûжٱ仯Ůֳһ˿ɫǺܿȥˡ
ͻȻйâһеĺɫȶ˺ڹһһȦȦĺɫħɢ
ĪţڳӭУ߿зһȡ
ħһԣܿ˷ӦͨħΪģҷѿΪ˫͡
ʮʿҲɢֱվ˫ǰ
ֳǾڷ걾ͲԶ˷ոհںƣ־Ѿɵ˽ǰ
ǰȻǻʸˮʸ棬طĸͨڣģ󾳼ҵһЩʿɢҴ֮С
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˫޵Уһʸ־ָһ˵ǰ˫ûл͵أ滰Ҳû˵һ̶ˡ
һײĴ죡
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취طɫһ䣬зһȣ̷ʮҺһĺɫ·ʮ޴һ㣬ס˺ɫĻ
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ʮλĿһΣԭЩ񣬴˿ʸˮĻ̴
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һʱ䣬ԲʮﷶΧڣȻǺѹѹһƬͬһƬ׳ںһ㡣
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ֳһĴ˿Ҳֳ֣Գ˴˷ŵ͡
׸λλãҵ˱˴˻ΪǣǰȻ
׸˿̴һϽһֳһ׽ɫףһɫ绡ת䡣
кһһСİɫ޴
׸оţдһ͵һо޴޴֮ϸֳһ˶ĺɫģһˮͰֵİɫ绡˴˷һСӡ
СӵӲǼ浤ħˣۼ׹Ϯһɫ䣬ɢӣӵù
ɫ绡ȻΪһƬâһСӡ
һ죬âɢֻ֮ʮ߽ڵʬ壬ħֱ׹֮лΪ˻ҽ
ۼ׸ɷħȻ쳣Χ֮˷׷ײĿȥг˾֮ɫ
Ŀһһ֮ս衣


1305 
ն
һһ֮£սһת֮£ȻΪһʮɴСĽɫ޽ǰһ˷ն¡
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ɫ޽ΧڵĴ˷ħ˷׷ɫ䣬κξ޽նٶ̫죬롣
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֮ɫԱӰһһ˷ʿȴһͷǵħ˴󺺡
˿̣һԵİٸߣŮͯҲѷ׷׳֡
ٸһɫ̹һΪӰǰ
ͷһһһ˶ߵĺɫ«һ񣬻ߴȿֺļŴ˷ȥ
Ůͯһ֣ɫ귨âһΪʮɴСɫſһƬɫ籩ʹΧ轵϶
ֳһڱȴ˷˲٣ʶЩӦӲϾһУҲֻŮͯĹ˷ħ˽
ٸߣ׸ĹֱӺ˴˷С
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߹ЦһΪ죬ⳡս˳֮ڵľƣò˶ãܽ˷׻
һӣʾ˼ӿȡ
ѣȻҾռţ˷ڴ̾ʱ䲻̣˵ʲôȦףǻСһЩĺáһָսסĶħ˴󺺣ߵľٶ΢һԥѵ
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ħ溣룬üͷ壬䱳ĻɫӰȻҲɣԷȣȴֻһѡ
ɫһֻԲ趯䣬вϷɳһֻֻʮɴСĻɫħӰ䣬ϰ֮ࡣ
ȻЩƲħӰһӴΧħȴ̻ΪһŻҹıѶ
Ȼֻǿм֮ʹΧħ溣С֮ƽͼֶѡ

ͬʱ·սһ֮£ڳתƵ˺ڷӪկϿգںڷ㹻ʮħȻӵ
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·ڷӪկеһЩ˿Ҳսܿǧٿס
¡
һ󵶹Ӫկ֮Уһʯķ飬Ȼ֮£̳
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׳¶̰ɫ˲ù˷æȥַ̧һɺɫħΪһ֣ץ˵ϵĺʯ
Աߵ˿˾̺־һʱЩ
л̶ֺȻַһЩϡʯħݵȶȻ˸֮˵ĺ


1306 ħ
Щ϶Ǵ˷͹ʣӦǽ̫ǻתߡŮͯԶ¶˼Ľɫ
ɵĽǧ˾ţ֮ǰѣû̫ڷ꣬˿սıԵλãЩ洢ʵĽеԶûսƷ
ۼ˾Ŀ˸вԤԽǿҡ
Զ׸Σȴֹͣ׷˷üͷͬ΢΢
˻Уһۣ˶ԷеĲ
һ䴫֮ʱͻ
ΧԭЩ谵գͻȻװ
ţڷϿգԲʮΧһƾոֳƬƬĻɫɢһͬ㸯ȳϢ
ЩɫӼΪѸ٣ֻգ۹ȻһƬγһԲ״ɫĻ·һֻĵ۶£ڳʮˣͬеĻʸˮĸͨܶΧм䡣
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˱ʵ̫ͻȻڻʸˮͨڶûüӦ㱻м䡣
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ƬɫĻâת֮£ͻȻɢ˴ĻɫŹĻ֮ϯ
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ֻոձֵˣ˿̺Ȼһ߾߻ɫʯһǰһ̵ʹ顣
˿ȻѾӦ˿Ϣˡ


1307 ı
֮ܵ£ڳĴ˶ŻٵˣֻʧһЩħħֱӻʯ·׹ȥ
ҼڷֲԺ󣬼ʱټԶ˻ɫĻûб꼰
⡭
׸꣬ߵȼۼһĻɫһƬ
ЩŹֵĻɫĻޱȲ˵ܵɣ˱У֮ȥֻ·һ
Ŀ⻷һȦüͷ΢΢һ塣
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ʸˮĺɫħһӣ㱻ħӴֱɨ
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ͬʱɫĻ֮һֳӰȴط磬ߺʹ˷һǸߡ
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Ŵԣһ䣬Ŀ⳯ΧȥΧɽ˺ҵټ


1308 ħԨ֮Կ
֮Уط˳Σ˻ʸˮʸǰ
ԶӴ˿Ҳѳ˺ɫĹɵͻŮһһҵķ˹
ԺΧ֮ƣʸˮΧм䡣
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ʸˮɫһʸӺǱˣǵʳħʡ
ðɣҲ뿪ˣҾ˵ˡͶ˷һֽġطǺһЦƺõ˵
ʸˮͻʸŴԣɫ䡣
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ţҾŵʿĳԼϽ˴һ˻һ󣬶ĬĬƵһԡ
˷վԶ˿̻ɫĿյϣֻʮǰĸ֮ˡ
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һԵĻʸһžը죬ͣкɫʱûذӰסĻŮˡ
λô˷УȱضٲΪֻ֮кƿ󣬲һʸˮ·ʮλȵ
ۼ˾ʸˮĻ·ʮʱһɧ˸ɫâħ

طŭǰȻ˵ֻɱһӰٵֶסЩˣȻܹշЩ塣ϾʮλڣﶼһɼĸٴƸش
طһһɫӰһ֮»û˲һ㣬ֱɫӰϡ
˫ײ֮˺ѵصľУѣɢ
֮ħޣʸˮɫһ䣬֮иֳһ˿
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֪ħԨ֮ԿУʸˮɫһ˵
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ɫ԰ףķҲѾƲһֱֻۺȻնϣҲС˺ܶࡣ
ǡ챮ʸˮҲ·һ˲תͷ
漴Ŀ⿴ΧĻɫϺطˣ¶һ˿ĲЦ


1309 ħ
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ط綸Ȼһɫ϶Ȼֳϸܵɫģǵߡ
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ʸˮɫһףһѪǿһȻһ֣֮иֳһϹ⣬Ϲ֮аһöָڴСĺɫԿס
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ǣ֪ˡæӦһ
˵䣬漴ݹ⣬Ŵħ޼ȥ


1310 ħԨؾ
ֳʮһɽϿգһŤģ·һ֮һ㡣
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Ŵԣ岻ɵһ
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ȤȻУڵĴѣƺûбҪðַաħԨеΣռΪһЩأСҿɲɵ¡䵭
ħüͷ΢壬漴ЦǺǣΪжϵһиˣĪҪˣ麣֮У˭Ҳ޷֤ǸǷĶ
⻰ʲô˼ɫһ䣬Ȼվ
Ҳһ£鵱ȻնϵⲢζʹ˷Ź㡣ħɫ˵
ǲ֪ʲôĿ絶ħ죬һһʵ
֪һЩ飬ڻܸ㣬һҸ棬ԺڣʹһֶΣǿԼΪҲҪͨ磬ӦԺ顣ħЦһ˵Щ͡
üͷ
֮ǰɣһ֮̽£Ȼħ֪һЩġ
ûʲôΪ֪ħȻô˵ˣǾٸˣȻͷ
ȷʵԴռ伳ȡв֮ЩȷʵǰɢһЩȻҲŬбǰ˺ܶࡣ
ȥһħԨҲǲУҪȰĿ˵ִħԨӦԭɡ֮Ŀ˵
ҵĿģȻԼ塣֮ǰҲ˵һطܹħĲϣָıħԨ֮УͨħʬħϼѲϡħһ˵
Ļѵ֪һӻʸˮõħԨ֮Կ˴˻üͷ΢壬ƺħĻЩš
Ȼǣԭ;ŪһöħԨ֮ԿȴҪϲۡû뵽ãȻѶõһöʡ˲ٹ򡣡ħٺһЦ
Ե˵ͷɫŻ
Ҳ˲鲻ԸħԨкܶϣҩĶΪ棬ͨʬҲкܴá㹻ͨʬܹΪһΪħԪĵҩ˵ҩܹӲٽڵļʣպͨҲвС档ħ쿴һۣЦ˵
ʲôħԪʹͨƶɵģһ
йħԪҵ伮ϼأħһִ˵ĵҩû뵽ȴʹͨħ˵ʬƶɵġ
ħĿҪͨʬУһ˶ԣֱǳ˵ˡ
ħ˵ʵħԨ֮УȴȷǴпʵֵġ
ͨʬħԨ֮УϹħ˵Ķ취ƬռһЩʮɽпܾƳɶ취ʱʮɽͬʱͨҲǲܡħ˵


1311 ʳ
ЩȻ֪ħĻЩţĶѡ
ħԪǶ취ƬܹõеһֵΪ˲һˡ
ħǰƺħԨΪϤѵǰȥ뵽ʲôһ㣬ʵ
һħԨؾ֮ʱҵȷԶе˽һЩħ΢һͷ˵
˵ǰ壬Ĵ嶼ϵǳɡһЦ˵
ҵ޹ؽҪйħԨؾһһЩҪ㣬ǾÿħԨ֮سħ½λöǲȷģֳֻħԨ֮Կˣܸ֪ħԨֵλú;ʱ䡣ħɫһ漴˵
ԭͷ
йħݣЩӵѾһԼĲ²⣬ȻԷᣬҲʶȤĲٶʲôˡ
ˣйħԨ֮£ԾڴˡҪסҸķԿ˲ܻȡйش˴ħԨϢħ˵꣬촽΢Ĵ
ԴȻҵħһһĬġ
κϥֽգħԨ֮ԿУпʼһЩͳ
֮пʼĺһһĽħԨ֮Կ棬ħԨ֮ԿҲʼϸСģɢĺɫ
ʱһһȥһʱеħԨ֮Կ΢΢һк糤ˮûԿ֮С
ħԨ֮Կмһ⣬һŵû塣
΢΢һ𣬻Ȼ۾
ѾӦˡħ״˵
ǵģħԨһεľ忪ʼʱ䣬Ӧ֮λҲħ½Ӧ㲻ϺԶʱϾü˵
ԤϵʱҲࡣˣһҪ˵һ£ħԨؾ֮ΧһϹŻ֣֮ͨҲƻˡֻеħԨ֮Կܹ򿪣ÿһöħԨ֮ԿܹЯ˽УЩ˽ȥҲԡħ漴˵
ŴԳһȻ顣
ǿܵĻڽħԨ֮ǰһ֡ʱҶ˽ؾв۷ǿߣһ»ܳԿУؾȻƽ֮˵ΪͨڵΪᱻѹƵĺأҲ൱۷ʵ󾳵ĵǲܴӰ죬Էġħ˵
¶˳֮ɫ
־Ͳˣ֮ȻҲм󣬵ʵƫﲻҶ٣ҲŲƬ֮ҡҡͷ˵
ˣ֮Ϊ֮ɡΪ֣ɺķ˲ԭԪҵúúϢָһˡħһӡ
䣬䵱һεû֮УһĻһƺûڣʧˡ
ԭسƬ̺󣬵һ̧һƹһһɫ͸Բǰɸߴ
ʮָһǣԲ黺ת
𣡡
һͺȣһƬɫϼԲϯԶһƬյȥ
ƹ£ɫӰͬʱֶ
Źâһ󷭹ȥЩӰĿ֮ǰɽ鶴෽֮ˡ
Ϊ׵෽ǰɫһϲ
Ҳ׷ɫĳΰжŸм֮ɫ
ڷһսĿ˴ħĿֲжף֮ǰʹС̫룬Σͷȫһ취֮УǴ˿̱ȻҺʹ˷Ķˡ
ʱ˿̣ĵطΧȫһƬߵȺɽƽ˾û˿ȻѷǺڷˣﻹ᲻֪ѾǳΣա
һˣЩ˶λļӳ羴
û¾ͺáЩ΢΢ͷһ֣Щ˲ض
˴ǼǿҪϤںڷˡ෽֮ǰľЩµ˵
֮ǰڵҪмǰȥӦУұЩ֣ȴûϵΪĴ֮һңǴ˷Ѿߡ̾˿
ǽô죿෽üͷ΢˵
෽ϣ跨Ǳɽϵĳϣ̾ǨǨ½вһ󣬳෽Ը
һۣݿ»ܿ˷֣֮ҵ֮󣬱ȻݣѱΪ˱ħԨ֮Կҳ֡
ľӪô꣬ħ½֮ɲʧȥˡ
Ҵ˴ı֮ٶĴŻܿ촫Ĵϸ뵽ǰ󣬱ȻӦľٴ룬´ʱѴ˱ˡ
ǣ㲻һȥ𣿡෽һ̶Ӧ
һЩҪȥҴöʱԻϵǡ˵ţȡһķ෽һš
Ŵԣ෽ٴιһ󣬽ɫСתŰ˻ݹ⣬Զȥ
ϣüɣ
Ŀ෽Ӱʧߺ°ͣ˼һ䡣
Ȼһתһ߷ȥ
ʱһΪƧɽ֮¡
ʱ֮£ϰΪ߶ָһ趯֮£һªĶǰ
ΧһЩƺ󣬱ϥ
һһҹ񳹵׻ָ߳һݹֱħԨ֮ԿָĴ½߷ȥ

ݵشħ½أԱȻļݿô󣬵ȴħʮݿΪģħԴֲΪܼһݿ
ҲĿǰһͳ½ʳʸĴӪ
ݹдСǳزΪΰ׳۵Ȼǵشλõʳˡ
ʳռ֮㣬ɽˮӸ߿ոĻǳسģڹΪ㡣
ǿŸͨħ˵ģħ½ǳûʲôڶֻһЩ˲ܽ룬ڵĺȻħʻʸӺڵħʹˡ
˿̣ħʹĳ¥̨ƵĴ֮Уȴһŭ
Ϊ㣬ɵӣΧʮߴ׳Բڴмλãһɫʯ̶ɵĿӡ
һƽ۵ϡ
ӿʮͣڷ磬ȧǸʣüĴһޱȵĺɫģڴˣ»Ծķ֣ӡħħӡǣΪơ
˫ĿϹתԶ䣬ɢһ˵֮ȻǳƴȨ֮ˡ
ִĸħˣֱߵģһλŵߺһŮӣһߵģǸͷҷĿ󺺣һĿеˡ
ĸħȻƽţ϶ɢһľħ֮ΪȻﵽͨ


1312 
ħʴˣݵ߻رҴӪѾȥ¥գҵҲߣ˾Ǩ׼߿˵
֮вȱ취ҪЩкѡֻǱڼӢǱһҲûܲԱ档̾˿ЩԳ˵
ħʴ˲ҴĻǣҵҲû˿Ĳ߼æڵ
ҡҡֹ֣ߵĻ
ˣڲ˵ˡֻˮ泤ĦڭõıħѾϨ˵ʵͨΧӦҲס˲ǡֳǵ˿д̽ʲô
ΪֹûʲôϢҡҡͷ˵ʱϺһϹ⡣
ɫ΢䣬һ϶һɫԲִ̣һɫԲϸֳһƬĻĻ֮Լֳһ޴ĺɫηӰ
ڳ֮˿ĻϵӰɫһ䡣
ԭˣȻǴħѹˮħйâһ˵
ڳŴԣɫһ䡣
ħϹŴطϺ겻֪Ӻδ㵽Ĳֱ֮ߵҷһ˵
һĬû˵
ħʴˣطϺȻıѾˣ磬࣬ݵЩѳΪ丽ӹڷ֮սҲ䣬ټϱͱصİݣʵƿݿˣǰɳʮδ㹻ˡƬ֮˵
Ҳǵ˴£ʶձѴѶǣôԭشƵУ֪ռ쳤кθ߲ߣ˵ţת׿ߡ
ҿҵʵ»Զֹϵǰ㣬ȻҹȻ췴̵ġ֮ǰյϢҼϴ˷ʵвһʸҵʮ֮߳ħһ֣ɫž˵
ռ쳤ϵ˼ǣҰлֲ˲ʵǡ˺Ȼ뵽ʲôһ㣬ɫͽȻһ
ħʥҰֲ±ϱ磬࣬ݵЩڵģҲǴ˷ĸԭҲΪǡλħǷʲô˵ĹᣬͲö֪ˡߴ˵
֪һֱܣĪǡԵŮһ
ǳ˵ûĴʵϳһʸ壬СһֱûжϹûȷ֤ǰǲݾߡħԨڼ֮ǵħԨ֮½רĶԸ˷Ϊá壬㡭߻ʸռ
ã¾Ͱռ쳤ϵ˼ѡħԨһ£Կ׽ʣöѡҪ¿һˡԳһ£ͷͬˡ
ħʴˣ֮ǰǿҪ˴ħԨ֮У֪ŮӻʸЩɵʵ
±Ѿ˵ˣħԨطȻѾ׵󾳣ʵϾ㣬ȥҲﲻʲôæ΢һ˰˵ȴѵõ¶֮⡣
ǡʸĿһһ£˵ͷ
ħתƿĿ⣬ûע⵽ŮһеһţϢ˿
ͬһʱ̣ʳǵһ֮Уһɫ۵ŮϥĸӦʲôһ۾
Ůʮ˾ͣʤѩһͷ˳ϷʣòǼͷüĴһɫħӡǡ
ߣѾԼɹ󾳣ȻǲȥϷŮ¶һ˿漴ڰ׷˫иֳһ˿
Ȼˣұ㿿ԼħԨϷŮһ֮ϹһŮӰʧˡ

˷֮أǾʳǲ֪ݣذǡ
ذһųǣʷƾãǷħ½ҲָĴ֮һڷ쳣ý
ɵԣһƬռؼΪĹȺݻ
Χǽϣÿһξ룬һӭչĻɫ죬һġ˷֡
˿̣һΪΰĴ֮Уط֮ϣǰˣ֮ǰ˷ͨȫڴˣ֮⣬ʮվһԡ
ЩôˣطĮʵ
аԸ⳼Ҵ˷ԸڽϿ¼ӡˡͷɫĻŮӻص
ܺãٸʱ䣬ʱԲԸߣȫ͵شħʬǵˣ½ƺ󣬵ʱʳĴսУȫڻңˣߵСӣüĿˣطĵͷ󣬻һתĳʵ
Ѿ̽ˣΪǲɽһеҵļǰɽʱȴׯ԰ȥ¥ˣҪЩʱˡ˵
ߣСӵҲ򵥣ǰú֣Ӧϵ˳ȥҲͰˣؼǴһöħԨ֮ԿʸˮĪӻˣ˱֮һ֮ˣطһ
䲻һֱǱҵҲûκΰ취֪Կ׵ļǱȻȥݣʱǿ跨סˣħԨ֮Կһ˿ɫ˵
ߣʧν֮ǡ
ʵСƺóͨҺʳĵطҵҲж·ԸȥУǽҵǸټٳ֡ط絭Ŀһۣ˵
ǡɫ΢䣬æӦһ
ħԨ꣬ʱ˵˵̲̣޷֤ܻȡڶħԨ֮Կǰ£ǰɡһؾ֮ˣҪؿһˣҪСʳˡֳֹȵĻ˫Ŀ΢΢أƽ˵
ɫһ䡣
˴ħԨ֮УǼǾҪõ֣طһµ˵
ڳ֮ɫһдӦһ

ʱ˿̣ħ½֮ϣұ֮ºܿ촫˿½֮һƬرǿݣݣݵȵصݿصҶʼ׷׳ħ½вǨȥ
Ǵ½֮ϵһЩĴңߺգң壬ȴϵûжٶͷԵǣҵıѣʳȻҲûʲôķӦ
ռ˲ݣݣݵ֮غҲûټš
ħ½֮ϣһʱ䲨ӿ𣬾ǰδеĶ

ħ½֮ޱߵ֮ϣϺƺڴ˶ᱻɱ
֮УźǦƣƬѩƮʹõϸһıѩǰããһƬ
ħ½Ϊһݿݡ


1313 㺮
ڽӲݣ˵ħ½һݿݴϣֻϺʮ֮аƮѩʶڴ˾סħȴٵģ˿ڵһ롣
ħˣۼںݵĸǳ֮Уھ޴ıԭϣܿħ˵Ӱû
ããѩԭҲԭԵħޣ˼ããԭһЩѩѩۣ֮طѾĵرżȻҲʵǿħ˽̽
ڴʱһɫݹԶϢļ۶һΪƫƧıѩɽ嶥ͣ
ڹɢȥ¶һӣ
˿һ㵭ݣϢҲ
ļ֮ſһƴСɫСЫȴЫ
Ы˿̵忴вͬɫļ׿϶ɫơ
ңɢϢȻﵽڵĲΡ
ھ뵱ֳǴսѾһʱ䣬ԭĶ٣಻һµʱɵִﺮˣʱ·ϣЫżȻһħ
ħʯΪкܺõãʱ仹ԣڿͣʱ䣬һʱ
ħ֮ЫһǰһͻƵڣʵЩϲ⡣
μħԨؾ˵ǲð֣һ˱ϾƵЫʵԭǼǿڽ֮ʵͨħ֮£ԳΪһˡ
ڷ嶥˰ΣĿɨ˼ۺ漴һ
һħӰֶĿͬĿע֮
˿ڵɽһƬѩɽеһĵطȻɽһ޴ޱȵıϿȣϿ֮У֪ΪγŴƬĻѩԵΪۡ
ӦþˣھħԨֻһˣԨ϶֮ѾʼɢħĿһ˵
ԶϿȻһ˿֮ɫ
ȻڵλþϿȻԶҲĸӦ֮ɢŨħԼӵ塣
ˡſͷЫֻǰĦһ£нһƺǻΪ
üһϿȻ֮͸һ˿ħ֮ѹֻЫЩ
԰ꡣЫϸ£֮â˸
ɽȸȻһƬǲẠ̊́ʶΧڣѾӦϢǱ︽ɽ֮УƺһЩ浤ħˡ
ȻѾ֪λã뿪ɣ˶˿ɾͲˡħĿ¿һۣ˵
˵ͷһӣһţٴηŨŨס峯Զɶݶȥ
Сպһ޴ĳǳسҰ֮С
ԶԶȥǳռǧ֮㣬ܳǽʣеĸߴһһ쳣
ڳǳ룬һߴǧɵľͨ徹Ȼһְɫɡ
һ͸İɫĻɢͬһ֮룬ǳ档
ΧѩããХǰǳط·һͷڵϣƾ絶Ȼ
ȡһʶһɨ
㺮ǣǺһĴǣȻǳɡ·ĳǳأе˵
ħԨһ࣬ʱס°ɣһ㣬Ҳע⡣ħ
˵ͷдʣϹһ죬ò˱仯תۼ䣬һɫ΢ڵӡ
ڤǾƹǻ֮÷ûǸı任òıòķӣͨܣҲֻܲò޷䱾Ŀ
漴ʹóͼڣ˴ѹαװһѰ浤ħˡ
Щһ˳ǳصڴ
Ŵʱħ˽ԸվϺɫ׵ħʿ
ˣ΢΢¶һ˿ȣЩħʿϵĻƣ͵ʱʸˮϵһ޶Ȼʳʽ
ⲢûʲôֵģϡٵݿĴ嶼ûȤԺݵĳǳأʳħƺĲ죬˵
ɫһû˵ʲôЩǷ߽֮˹㺮С
⺮Хѩ裬һУķѩɲǼ䲻ӰΧˣһ硣
üһ漴µߵ˳һֵϡ
㺮ǺǳҲǴͬС죬ֵԶһЩ̣۵ĶһЩϣҩħȶ
Ŀ˼ۣڵԭ򣬵аڷŵĲϣʯ඼ǺԵģЩѰ֮ûеƷ
ڳйһû£ʼųǳȥѰһŵס
λǰԵһ¡ڴ˿̣һɫ۵ӴӸһҵ˳ס
ת׿һۣһֻͽڵΪħ½֮ʵˣ鶯Ϊ顣
£üͷһ˵
ǰ֣ǸոսǰɣҪѰʲôطǰʲô飿С¬Թ㺮ǷǳϤΪһ·ֻ֧ħɡЦ˵
ԭǷӣãҪѰһס֪У⣬ˡ¶һ˿Ц⣬һȡһɫ
һ߽ħԺͽħ˵̶ȲԶ
Ȼһеĺɫ¶˼ɫ
һǿ԰е˷֮ɫصͷǰģСĶȻǰ⡣
΢΢һЦһ֣ɫӸ˺ꡣ
ЩæҵĽס˳¶Щɻ֮ɫ漴Ȼ
ǰΪ֪ǿٱȻǮˡ
֮Ľɫʩһ
ǰɣ㺮кõסڳǶ˺ȻҶס徲סѾˡ˵ţ̧ȳųǶȥ
ɫһַһס˺ӰֱӳųǶɶݶȥ
ɫһ漴ʱһ
Χķ羰ɿ쵹ˣ֮䣬˱˹㺮ǵĳǶһ֮ϡ
Ȼ̸Уȴȳڴ˶˲١
ôڳ˲𣿡һȦһ䡣
ǵģһǰʼб㿪ʼһЩİףΪƺ͵ӣеĲٿջʱǰƺҪﳤסģڳüջѾǰģС֪һطﻹһЩյסʮƧӦ÷ǰҪ󡣡˵ţһȥ
Ŀ΢ûбֳɫ˺
ڽֵ֮һ۰˹պһΪľ֮
˴˲ٱ̵֮лһ峺ϪѶԶֵڴˣѾˡ
˴֣һͥԺ˶ǰͥԺ֮ϹһҶдšӡ֡


1314 ʱס
ﻷΪĿ¿һ£˵ͷ˵
ǰͥԺΪЩƾɣƺܾûɹˡ
ǰԭǳһСңԼҵլݴ̺һƷʲ͵ħԴϧԼҼҵ䣬˱ĽԺ䣬רһЩϲƧ߽ħ˾סˡ٩٩̸
Ŵԣ˵ͷ
̸֮䣬߳һӡ
ƹҸˣλǰҪһʱסһӣһ
ĿڻһɨҲֻлΪѹֺ˵ҵ䡣
ǰɣҲֻʣһԺˡĿϣΪӣ̶ЩĵЦݣͷ˵
ԣһ˿֮ɫ
ħħԨؾӦԱȽصģôʱ仹δȴһִħ˷ӵĸо
Ҫ֣弰Ĵ⣬вٴҲӵħԨ֮ԿģǹͬаˡЩΪ˶Ŀ󶼻װİ磬һסؾ֮աħ
Ǻãȿɣסʣұԣͷת˵
õģǰЦǰ·
߽ӣȻ˵װŶԺĶ˴֮ӡ
ǰգ׼ڹ㺮ǴãһߣСĵĿʵ
ΪߣԣȻӦΪֱӦһ浤Ĵڡ
Ҷ㲻֪ǵطʣһ꣬ٲġ˵
ǣǡͷ
ʱڻӵĴ£ͥԺһɽԺ䡣
ֻзһɫƣҡһ£һ׹⣬ϡ
֨ѽһ򿪣¶һԺ䡣
ҶǰһĶ
Ҳûǫã˽ȥ
Ժ֮һƬԴ紵Ҷʱһ󡰻죬Ե쳣ľ
ͥԺǼ䶴ʯңдµһӦȫһССĵػ֮ݡ
ڶתһȦȻħ㲻ʮŨǻȷ൱
ðɣҾˣʱ䡣˵ͷ˵
ããǰһħĻܹʮ򡣡һϲ漴˵
ŴԣɫҲһ䣬ÿǲ͡
һȡһСֱӸ˻ӡ
æסʶһɨ϶ʱ¶һ˿ϲɫ֮кȻʮɢǿҺڹƷħ
лǰӽտʼˣͨƣպáЦոɫƵݸ
ޱĽһա
ˣҲ˿ĻͺãһǺɫѾˡ
˵һ󷨽ƣʶȤĸ뿪ˡ
ԭҲǣȴԽס
ǰʲôԸЩηĿһۣСĵʵ
ܹóʮħԲѰħˣʮа˾һ浤кڵĴڡ
һͽڵĵͽħ˵ҺڣڶҪĴˣο浤ħˡ
ʲô֣ʵ
С¬ȫһ飬æش
¬ȫҿҲǸȽϻˣиӽտʼڳмرЩİ׵Ϣռÿһ㱨һΣÿζʮħĺˣʱһƷħսס¶Ц⣬˵
¬ȫŴ˻϶ʱ¶˼ɫ
ķΪ·һҲƷħʮħ˵һʲСˣƷħսףԻڵħ˵
¬ȫΪ΢˼ȴΪ磬˿˵ǰСΪ΢ٶҵ
ȥңֻҪÿ콫еһ㱨һ¾Ϳˣ鲻˰֣˵
棿СľԻᾡľǰķԸȥ¬ȫϴϲͷ
΢΢һЦȡһɫ̽¬ȫ˵Ժϵ
ǣǡ¬ȫæĵͷɫ
ַԸ˼仰¬ȫܿ뿪ˡ
СԺ֮վƬ̣ȡɫƣһҡŻպˣͬʱϿոֳһɫ󷨽ơ
ʶһɨ¶һ˿⣬ⶴ󷨽Ϊиʶ̽ãҲΪ
Ľȫ̧߽˶ңһӣâ˶ſһɫ󷨹Ļ
Щ˿ߵе
һͽڵħʲôֻܸռһЩϵϢѡħӰֶвм˵
֮ǰ϶ҵ˻ᰵѰҵټȻˣһʱ䣬һǱŲĺáһߣֻҪ˽⵽ĴξСƲһ죬һνӡ
Сӣĵδ̫СˣһұųħٺһЦЩ˵
һ²һ£ڳʲô⣬ǰħļƻҲҪ𡣡˿ûжŭ΢΢һЦ˵
ħһһ֣һɫɵǰ
ֽסüһ
֮ϴħԨȥĵطѾƳ˵ͼħԨеһЩţȥúòοһ°ɡħ쵭˵
Դϲֵлǰ
ħֺһһΪһڹ⣬ûڡ
еȴû̹ۿһ֣ǰֳһöɫ̡
ַȡһöɫ֮ϣдʣɫϷһɫâסɫ۳һСɫ󣬵ơ
Ƭ֮ɫ֮йâһֳһģСӰ
һɫСϴ˳ġ
ĳϣڿɻ𣿡ɫһ˵
Ǽ̫ˣԴӺڷһսѱϢǶܵ㡣Щ˵
ںܺãǷѾ뿪˲ݣһů˵
ʱһսֱʣ̴뿪ɽ෽ͷ󣬱㰴ķԸ̾Ǩ㣬Ȫɽһطš˵
ɫһɣȪħ½вݿݲԶǨӦþͰȫˡ
ãʱһҿܻҪһʱܻȥħ½ƶǾҪǷǣһеһȥٴӳ顣˷Ը
ǡļæӦһ
ʱѯ˼еһ󣬱˺ҵĴѶ
һаãԷˣȫ˼εħԨ֮С
ɫ̺󣬷ȡħոո򣬷ųʶ̽Уϸϸĥ


1315 
߰յʱ䣬һ
һգϥţȻ洫һ֮
һųʶһɨ֮£ɫ΢΢һ䡣
վȻΪһڹĴԺм£ξͳ˴ڴ
ֻԭƧ쳣ֿյϣ˿ȴͷܶ
һŻʶģǴ˿ջƹ񣬴˿һɫĺǰʮħ˵ʲô
˵ƹô㲻ʶ̧٣˵ǼҹӾﻷ´˵أڼǮ棬һк˵һԲĻ۴˵
²Ը⣬ʵԺȫ˳ȥЩһǰˣʵڵﲻ𰡡ƹȻǰ֮Ϊη壬ƺͬҵ֮ǰĿˣһΪѵӡ
ƹ˼ǣﲻǣ𱾹𣿡۴ԣһԲԲף΢ֵһ
ӲҪᣡµȻ˼ֻǡƹ΢Ļŵһ£ͷڳ˶ĺ顣
Щħ˵СȻ̾Ժ֮ˣʱڴĿյϣ߰˸ӰȻԺסħˡ
ȸϵֻ˼䣬㽫ԷŪһˣüͷ΢΢һ
Щħ˵ĴŴƺͬһȴкر֮˵ģƺ˿װ
ȻǶϢӴʶǺܿ췢˳΢꼰۴⣬ȺУʿ֮һЩ浤ħˡ
ʶվһüɨʱȴ͵һݡ
ͬ˴ߣϾȻ˿ħҲ޷Ӧͬһһ㡣
ףֻһֿܣǴһͨħ˴ܣ
ûв´ϢӦǿˡڴʱħ
ĴĿ壿üͷһͨص
ħһȥ
һķȻ㺮ʹľֱڳǽģǶԷĴ֮һĻǾˡ
һִעĻɾЩ鷳ˡ
ͬʱ۴ĿҲЩһƳȷʵ΢΢һ̺ƿƹǰɤӵ˵˼λˣǹˣΪ⣬ʶڴ˳סһʱաֻǹϲϲ˴ţֻλŲһŲˡȻλѾ֧ǻħ֪λΣ
һƹɫһɣԵļȴɫ
ڴס֮ˣȻںЩνĲģȴòԷĴۡ
ѶҲûмŵһʱ̬һԹۡ
ڴ˿̣һȻȴЩƣڴסʮ⣬ĿǰûҪóĴ㡣ûʲô£ɣҿҪȥϢˡ
ȴԶһ۵ӣüĿΪݡ
Ŀ⡰ৡһ£Ŀӷ˹ȥ
΢ɫȻ۴ɫһƬǽ䴦ǸüߣȴһδŵģɫȻ
ٺ٣ƾʲô㲻ҲУǾȿж͡ĻжԶ͸ҹԶ۴Եһݸ߸ߵħ˽һЦһ
˵֮䣬۴ȴһʧӰһ̳˻ԣһץһִֻѪɫħצƾոֶŻؿڴȻץ£硣
ͷҪһ½ԲѷĻͱһѪ
ͬʱһ࣬ղһݸħ˵ӰȰ㸡ֶ
ݸħ˷һ֣Ѫɫâţһ֮£۳ѪɫǴ̣漴Ǵ̻꣬ƿУŻǵصļȥ
Ǵ⣬Ҫֶһˡ
Ȼ˺һڵΪϾԶһ˺ţ¶˲̵ĵ֮ɫ
һ̣ϵȴ˲̡
ѪɫħצҪץ֮ʱйâһ֮ȻڹţһӰΪһһ˶ߵĺɫħӰһץȻһץסѪɫħצ
ͬʱֳһͭǮСĺɫƬͷ֮ϳһֻӨĺɫǡ

ݸħ˷ѪɫǴ̻ڻϣȻѿ˿޷ƿɫۼ׵ķ
۴󺺺ݸħ˶˴һʩչ֮󾳴Բħˣֱ˵ĹҲױܵ¡
һԵüߴ˿ҲȻ۾һ˿֮ɫȴأûжֺ
һʼ֣Χ֮˱̷˿꼰㡣
ҲȺ֮У˵ʮ⣬ۼ˾Ҳ¶˾ɫ˵Ŀ¶Щ塣
ǻԻ۴󺺶˵Ĺʹ÷Ҳ޷׽
ףڴ˿̣ħ֮
ħǰôˣɫһʵ
ûʲô˵ĹΪ죬ħм֮ħ΢΢һ˵
üͷ΢壬ûٶʲôĿ´˻ˣ֮иֳһϹ⣬ͬʱʶ֮УӴľת
˿̣ս֮У¶һ˿Ц˿֮Ҳֳ˼ɫħƣһЦ
һϺڹţݸħ˷˶ȥĺɫħӰȴ˻۴󺺶ȥ
ݸħ¶һ˿֮ɫһɫһһץ֮иֳһѪɫԲȡ
ԲȿʮѪɫƶɣм仹ǶһöСѪɫʯɢǿҵħ
һ֣ݸħɫȻ󶨣ŷ˶Ļ˺ݺһȡ
һԲѪţһֻɴСѪɫ۶ϲŹѪɫ棬˫һչ˻˶ȥ
ѪɫɢǿҵħȻݸħ˻ҪǿҵĶ֮࣬նŤ
һԵɫ΢䣬ѪɫѰ۶ɵķڻڸӦǵĲ
ǿѪħһͬʱҲͨϹܹһЩħ޵ľ뵽ħ֮СԼпĺĵӣϵħӵĴڣѰħȻҲǿ˺ܶࡣպħԨǣҪСˡħ
Ŵԣһ
ħʱ򣬻ںѪɫײһ
׹һȻ˿Ҳûж˼ͷϵĺɫǹâһһ̣һɺڝĲ˱㼤Ѫɫײһ
ɫ֮ѵٲȻһּΪ


1316 
ɫѪɫײ֮Χն¡¡ľ죬ںɫĹâȻ֯γһ޴Ĺ֣ѪɫС
Ѫɫ񷢳ŭ˻𣬵ȶҲ޷ǰһ
ԶӼ״ɫһҪȴѾˣ
μ£Ѿ˵Ѫɫ֮ǰͺһȭͷһģɫȭӰĸֶ籩㳯Ѫɫȥ
ۡ಻Ĵ
һźɫѪɫϴ˷ı
Ѫɫ񷢳һĽ֮Ȼѿתۼ仯ΪС
ţȭӰĹͻȻΪһɫ·ʸļתۼ˵˸ħͷ͵һ¡
һĹƻʵֻмʱ䣬ΧΧ֮˶һ
ħɫڴ䣬һѪɫϱһƬѪâɿ۳һѪɫĻס˺ɫ
ûһѪӰһģ֮£ʮ⣬Ǿ֮ɫ
ЦһҲͣסΣһӣɫһ»Ϊһڹ⣬ûУת׿һߡ
۴󺺺ͺɫħӰڼҵĽ֡
۴ָץһֻɫﵣ֮䣬һۻҵĺɫӰһıޱȡ
ο񹥣ɫħӰϷһɫħں֮кСֻħֱâ۴󺺵Ĺ
¶һ˿ЦϺڹţΧķΧںɫâ֮Уֵĸֳ߸С£ȫĺɫħӰ
ͬʱϸֳһ㼫ĺһ̣ɺѸޱȵûȥ
Ϲһͫ͵һ
ڸղţħͫ׽֮һһš
Ǹףо񡭡
˲ͷ
ۼԵ󣬻۴󺺺͸ħɫǴ䡣
رǻ۴󺺣һħӰѾѲһ³߸
۴󺺴һгϱһִӰںսĺɫħ˼漴ת׿Զüߡ
üߴ˿ĿŻˣ¶˼ɫ
˿Цһ͵һӣ߸ħӰеʱֱ˻۴󺺺͸ħ˶ȥ
һһɫħӰ˸ħǰħӰгߣָץһֻɫ˽ǹǴһ֮£һɳɭħݺ¡
ħһ˿ɫһҪ
ڴ˿̣ǰһ󲨶һֻɴСĿݻƴִиֶ
ɫӰݺݻ˿ݻƴ֣ݻƴָһһɻɫⲨ𵴶Ѹޱȵĳ˸ߴħӰ֮ϡ
ߴħӰһ±˳ȥ֮⣬վ塣
һ߻ƹһһ죬۴󺺵ɫħӰҲһͻȻֵĿݻƴ˲ˡ
ݻɫһš
˼ɫһ䣬һ̣ǰ֮⣬Ӱһֳ˸üߵӰ
ٺ٣ԭͨĿüɨ΢΢һݣ漴νһ˿Ц
һ֣ɫħӰһģأϵĺڹ֮С
˵ħӰںڹ֮лΪһ壬漴Ϊһ޴ޱȵİħӰʮֱ趯ݣվ˻
˻ħǺˣѧŹüĿⶢס˻ľ޴ħӰһʵ
üߴһΧȺʱһۡ
˻ħǰ֡ɫһƬ֮ɫһ䣬ƺʲô
ЦһҪڣȻϱһ漴¶һŹɫ
һ̣˺ĵסӣһ˿ʹɫϵĺڹɿɢľ޴ħӰҲһģһڹڡ
ü¶һ˿ȣɫһת׿Զ
ʮɫݹɳ۶׷˴Ӹݹȥȴʮɫ׵ħˣǹ㺮ǵһѲСӣȻķġ
㺮Ͻ˽ʳĹ涨
ѲСӵʮħڵ˹һΪߴģ׳ҪԺʣһǰüߵˣʱȥ
ǲһѲ߶ӣҲֻһ浤ڵΪڳ֮Уħ˾кü
ȡλ㺮֮Ͻ˽ʳĹ涨Ҫʿɶֹ׳ɿһ˵
һĿѲ߶һۣ˿ûд˼
׳ǵϥأЩƺʹ쳣
²ؼȻҲû˴𻰡
׳ɫһɫЩѿĿһת˶ƹϡ
İô£ѵĴӵΥн׳ʵ
ûСҡֻǡֻ⼸λڴסԲŻᶯСҲ޷ֹƹЩηη˵
ڴʱеĻӴ˿һվֱΣ̧ͷиֳһ˿ãȻ֮ɫת׳Χ˼ۣɫһ䡣
Ż˻Ȼתһ˵ĳԶɶݶȥ
վסҵһУǸ΢ֵɫһŭҪסꡣ
üȴ̧ס꣬ҡҡͷ
΢¶һ˿ʣͣ
ӵۼ˺Ȼ뿪һ˼ۣ漴Ҳ׷һԲĳԶɶݶȥҲûҪʲô⳥ķǮˡ
ĿڿϿ˼ۣһҲһڹ⣬Զɶݶȥûע⡣
λ¼һЩҲûʲôΣһС˼һУһΪͻĻħߵ׳ǰȡһС
۴ʶڴһ̽һϲ˵ͷȻûʲô£λպעЩˣҵҲڴ˶ˡ
˵꣬۴һ֣ܿѲС֮뿪ˡ
ܿ죬ֻпһˣƹˡ
ƹ˿϶ЦݣҪ˵Ŀһɫƣ̽ı͡
ϣôǸߣ΢꿪˵ƺЩ
ʳĵ̣ʳǿ϶ҲѾ˵ʱǲҪǵעˡüһ֣ſһ㵭ɫ磬Ȼſ˵
ǸոǸˡѵôˣ΢꿴˻۴󺺺͸Ӷһۣһ˵
۴󺺶ɫ¶һ˿ͷ
ǰ˻ħ˹Ϲħ󣬲ʧû뵽Ȼ˻ᣬ˿֮ˡؾûʱˣǲҪ֦ˡü˼ĵ˵
΢üͷһ壬û˵ʲô


1317 
Сʱ
㺮һƬСУɫâһֳһӰȻǻӡ
ֳӰĿ⳯Χһûзֱٵļ˿Ҳϰ࣬ϯ¶֮ɫ
ԽԽƵˣÿ¶ðһΣȥĻᱻˡ΢ɲ
һ̣ɫһ䣬Ȼվ絶ӿ˲Զ֮⣬˵ʲôˣ
֣²޶⡣һƽ⴫һۣɫ΢ڵ˳װ
㣡ȻǵĿһ
΢΢һЦǰվ˻ǰ
ңʲôɢ˵
²Ҫᣬ²޶⣬֮Ըֻ֤һ¡ˣһ̧ʾ޹˵
ŴԣɫĿȻǵ⡣
ѿǳ½˫ĿŶԷɳƵݣлʵ
⻰ʲô˼
Ŵԣɫ˲䡣
Ǻǣ²µûˣôǷŷ˵仯еĲ²ʱִ˼֡
ʶң۾ϵĺڹԽŨһ˿ɱ⡣
ֿŷˣ㲻صģҲ½ŷ˵顣Իɱ޶ãЦ˵
½֮ˣߣƭңЯħ˾һЩѪħˣҲȲɣĻǴһ漴ŵ˵
ֻЩԵŵħЩһģɲһ˰ɡ˫Ŀŷ飬ЦЦ˵
һû˵
ֻ㣬ŷ飿Ŀһּʵ
ʲôѵŷʲôϵ˲ɫʵ
ŷҺ޹أֻΪһɳѯʵġ˵
ŷһڹΪ֮ζѡ
½֮ʱ֮ʶһɳŮѰһŷˣ˵ĸףСûмﾲ˵
ŷ¶Щ֮ɫֶֻԭ˫ĿУҲЩʪ
Ż˴˿̵飬¶һ˿ɫ
ֱڣѾЩİˣ˿̿ŷ飬оҲһ˿΢ɬĸо
˿΢ƽľĲ
ŷܿҲ˶飬ٵ˼Ƭ̺ڶһ񣺡л¸֪СŮ飬ŷ飬֪մ
ҽ½̫ŵӣʮǰ֮䵽ħ½ҲɫһȻĻһ
ԭѣո¶ð벻Ҫ֡ŷЩǸ˵
ŷѲˣǻ£Ҳˡﲻ˵ĵطǻط̸ɺãĿһɨ˵
ҲáŷƺһӻҪȻ֮á
˺ܿ뿪֣һ¥һż
ȷȥŷſһ磬Щ͵ʵѣСŮɳɺã
Һɳһμ棬ڰǰˣǵѾ׻ڣҰϻĿ£谮Ӧùò˵
ǵѿĸ׵飿ŷЩŵʵ
ŷһۣЩͳ˵ɳĸΪɳ֮ˣԪľȥˡ
ŷŴ˻ʱһҡΣɫ˲ɷһƬ
һ˿˿̣Ĳ֪˵ʲôοֻõͷȲ衣
֮ŷɫԺÿһЩ
ŷѣˣҵ֮ˣԪҲ޾кľһգѻǲҪ̫ˡѳζǣôһ䰲οĻ
˵ǣִ̫ţǺǣҵȻʿ˵ձΪĳԭɢȥŷ¶һ˿ʹ֮ɫǺǲЦ˵
ֵ׳꣬α˵˱֮ĪΪڵħ֮ʣĿһɫ˵
ŷԣɫȻ䣬͵վĿһһٵ˵
㣬֪ڵ
ŷѲˣĹӦãǰ͵һˣռڴӴ֣ܿ̽һ΢΢һЦ˵
ŷ鿴֮Ц˵Ŀ񣬲ǴһǣЩ
ǵĳĳܰһӣһڲ裬ЩĪ˵һ䡣
Ե档¼Ȼ֪ħ꣬Ӧ֪֮а취ŷһš
ŷѽħĳ˵һ£ĳûʲôõķӣһѣоӦûа취ġĳǺһЦ˵
ŷԣϸֳ˳ɫƬ̺̾Ϣһ˵¸֪ŮϢŷмȻ֪Ȼ档˵£Ҫ׷ǰ˵ʱ򡣵ʱҷ֮ǰϻִ񣬺׷ɱŲ·֮£һƬһ޼ʵĺɫĮ֮С
ƬĮһֲ̫õԤУʱˣΪҲ˲ˡ
Էû׷ҵʱΪˣȴĮ֮вΪܵѹƣҲ޷ָؼǣи޷ͷֻһ·ǰߡ
ֱҲŵ֪ǴеĹĮŷ黺˵
вɵĿЦһŷξԼĮ֮ʱơ
һߣ£;ɳϮΪޣʯļ죬ƸȬ
ǳ֮ơڣڽĮһʱһδģɳΧƴž˸ɳȫУڷ֧˹ȥΪνڴˣʱȴԼһ֮УһɴŮĿ¶ϲ֮ɫĿңһĻ¡Ůǳĸסŷһ˵ţֳһ˿֮ɫ˫ĿУѵõ¶ů⡣
û˵ֻǾţĿ΢΢
Ϥ£ƵԽָ˵ԽԵ˳Ҳɳ֮ˣڹĮзԽԽΪҲǸ޷ԭֻ֮ǰЯʯҩǿά֣˵ҲˣϾǶʱ⣬ⱲġؼǣڽĮҿʼϳֻ֢״ʱԽԽڻ֮ʱͻȻ˸һ㡭ҲŪףڲ֪ʱһǡŷ˵


1318 һԿ
һǣˣɫһ˵
ұ㲻ö֪ˡΪ˴ĸŮ뿪ĮɳϵĽǰɳżϻܵǰԣҵڲ֪Ϊμһħꡣŷ黺˵
˴һ˿â
ҺǰЭ飬Ѱһ취ڵħ꣬ҽĸһͬͳĮŷ˵
ԭŷѾҵħķӣ֪ϻĿǰ˵ʲôӣʵ
ǰԣڵħƺѰûôȡһǬ׻ıܽħȥŷ˵
Ǭ׻һ䡣
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СӣôõǸŷ˵Ǭ׻ɣħϴۺ󣬺Ȼǹһ˿Цʵ


1319 Ԫ
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УʼǵжѡħзǺǵЦ
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֮תԶֵ̽ȥ


1320 Ů
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1321 ȸں
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̶ĹΧʮɫɽ壬㱻ȥ롣
Ǽɫսױ£ںŮĹ޶á
ŮɫһԼ˻þ֮ļӳ£޷˼ԷǻþƣԼ²غϣᱻԷץסˡ
ڴʱһĻˣ
ұһͻȻһƬҰɫϼӺһѸײڶ֮ƣҼ䱳˫ħ﷨һ
ҰɫϼУжʱֳ֮ɫ
ţʮһУһһɴСĺȭֶ֮ƣ㳯ڼȥ
ʶҲǲȻָ̻˼ѣȻ֮£Ҫ㿪ȴˣֻô߶Ӱ˫ཻĵǰ
һ̣䡱һ
Ӱ˫ۼ令ɫַ·̰㱻һϻɫս׾һȭ֮£ֱѶ˱һɾɡ
գһھѪϢȻ˴룬ڻҰɫϼһ֮£֮С
ŮȻ֪ͻȻֵĺȭͻҰɫϼģԸûᣬж̹ٴμƬɫʸ
֮
ʧȥ˷ʸ϶ǧٿף궼δӳȻĲˡ


1322 ܹ
λѳһŮٺм֮Уһʮڰϼӿֵĵط˵
䣬ͷղһһڰʯƾոֶڰɫϼٴδӿ֣źŮͷֶ¡
Ůһ䣬һɫâһͷֳһߴСɫС
Сһ֣Ϲŵĵһתʮɾ޴
һ֮ɫзɳһɫ˿Ȼһ²ס˻챮ڰɫϼҲɫ˿ɢĹâסû
ף
дһס
ֻǻûŮһɫ˿ŵʯ֮Ȼڹһһֳһֻɫۡ
һɫĹмѸײڶ֮ƣûŮüġ
Ů˫Ŀʱɢһҡһº󣬵˵ϣ˻ԡ
еɫʧȥ˷֧ţɫ˿׷ɢɫٴС˰߸ߣһɫâɻŮԡ
챮ɢĺڰϼ⽵£һ¾סŮԵɫС
ϼ֮иֳһռѿڣܿѷ֮г޾ĺڰɫâ
Ůһģ˿ռѿ֮Уռѷ漴ܿ£
ӰһӰֶ챮һģС
ӰһħӰҲԡ
ոյսȻ󷨸Ƿɢ˳ȥСӣЩ뿪ȡħɿɨΧһۣмٵ˵
Ե˵ͷĿһԵҵʬϡ
ַһɺϵĴ﷨УָһŻֶҪҵʬϡ
һ£˵ʬҲߡУ˵ķۼҲԵһ¡ħĿһĿڵ
¶һ˿ɫǰħ˵ٴλַһɺҵʬͬʱҲϢ΢ɨһ¡
Щһ˻Ϊһ޵Ĺ⣬Ϣŵ棬Զ۶ȥ

뿪һӣƿݹԶ˸ֳӰ
Щ˽һɫۣؿڵƻȻʳ֮ˣ⼸ϢӴ󣬺ȻϵΪ
ͷˣһٸһǸߣʳͨħˣʸǺͻʸռ졣
˿̣ŮµĻɢΧĵϿӿݣǱɵġ
ٸĿ⳯ΧɨһۣһץһɫɢΧʮɵķΧ
ǹϢûٸɢеϹ⣬˵
һϲʶɢƬ̺󿪿ڵӷĲոսãǣܷа취ҵȥ򣿡
ӳʹ֮󣬱ʩչ˻Ӱ󷨣޷١ڵļӦǸո뿪˿̱ȻڳСٸ˵ͷ漴д
Ƭ֮ϸֳһϾ⣬ֽһ취Ͼһֻɫ˷ȥ׷û˵ղӰ
Ƭ֮ٸ۾ü΢ҡҡͷ֣ȻҲټ
ɫһ漴ô᣿ļ󷨻û磬ôҲѵʲô⣿
˵ɫȻһ䡣
ֻҪڹ㺮ǣӦöӲҵĹӰѰ귨ĸӦΧǡǹڱ˹ĳ취֮Сٸüͷ壬漴һɬ˵
һߺħɫһ䡣
ǣϸһ´˵أܲҳһЩϵħʴˡ߻׵üͷ漴˵
ٸ˵ͷдʣٴθֳһϹ⣬漴ΪʮӷǳĹŹӰӣڸ򲻶ߣݺݵš
ģһӰһͣһŹֵĽ
ٸɫһæ˹ȥַһϹ⣬סһƬ
Ƭ̺Ϲ˻ȥֻϹ֮Уһ˿Ļ
ǡɷ͹ֵҵˣٸɫһ˵
ʲôɫҲˡ
սǱˣϢ֮٣˷ǳСĽٸкһ˵
ԣɫѿʸħҲ
ʳѾͬˮ˶ԷУȻ뻢ˡ
ɫϾĻȡһɫִ̣һϹס̣һѶ
ռ쳤ϣħԨ﷢ʲô䣿Ѷ֮дһħʡ
ħԨûʲô飬ҪǶһ£˵
Ŷʲô飿йӱ𣿡ħʵЩ⣬漴һʵ
пЦһµħ˵һ¡
һж˵꣬ħʰҲûгΧ˼ȻҲ˵ֻʣ´Ѷ󷢳
ߺٸһֹۣһᣬ߸ɿһڵ£ҵܡʮа˾ˣô죿
ϸһֳǷħƽȵ˳
ǣ߶æӦһ
ӱĲУǱضвǣǾӪȣʵڲУҲֻӱ˵ãʼҪħԨ֮ΪһҪ񡣡ħʵƺûһ˿鲨
һݣʳ֮ͨУħʵʱħʴ˿Ȼᣬ֪˿п˷ŭ֮
ħȻнħԨ֮к棬ʳ˶֪л֮УħΪ谮ģСĹ
ǣˡתͷӦһ
ɫĴѶâһ漴ɢ
ڳĬȻ˵ĿⶼߣȻ˵Уߵλߡ
ħʴȻոô˵ǹУҲܲȡȥǿ㺮ɳ֣Ѱ֮ڹ㺮ǵټǽ㺮ǷҲҪ֮˸ҳ˵
ǣħ˴ӦһԶɶݶȥ
ҿҵ˿¸ûڹ㺮ǣ󶯸ɸѰ»Ӱ쵽˴ħԨ֮СٸĿ˵
Ҳֻ֪ܾˡ̾˿
ȥʱڸϸѰһ飬ûзõĶ󣬺ܿҲ뿪


1323 ľѪ
ʱ˸ȦӣӳǱСǣִӳǣȷ˸ٺȻصסĿջ֮С
صкŴ˿
Ȼħû˵ҲǺŮĹҵĶԻУѾ²µ˺Ůݡ
Ƭ̣һ֣챮С
ͬʱħӰϢԡ
̧ͷĿһתĿħ졣
֪кܶҪʣڻȥǸʸҵŮ˵ɡδڣħ쵭˵
䣬дͳһ̧һڹ⼤˻챮֮ϡ
챮ڰ׹âţһռѿڸֶ
ĿһȻôһֱ챮ӭУǻûн˻챮ĶռС
ͷתȴһֱӷ˻챮Ķռ֮С
һ챮֮У̸ֳ֮ɫ
ǰĿռ֮У˺ڰɫĹâΪ۵ģ֮һһ̫ĴڣתУɢǿޱȵķΧڰɫţŶ߷ת
ԶĿռ俴Щ֮У֪мǧ֮㡣
ͬǶ취ɽڵĿռҲֻʮϰӣͻ챮˲֪١
챮ҵѾ˼ƶɵģȻɽĶ࣬ɽǳ׵ķʮŽһ𣬲Ȼ챮ٵġħƺ˼˵
û˵ʲôջĿ⣬Զĵ档
Ů˿ţգ֮С
ħĿںŮϣϺĸֳһ˿ЦһַһɺһѽŮɴ
üͷ΢壬Ҳû˵ʲô
ֱУħŮڵʳƺ˲Сĵ⡣
Ŀһת˺Ůϣһ
ŮһͷϷѩòҶü˾Ҳ˿ѷɫ˱ŮᣬüĿ֮仹΢΢˼ɬҲΪһ崿֮У̲סҪ࿴ۡ
ȻħĿںŮüĴĺɫħӡɨһۣЦһ
漴ĿһתĿźŮ϶ʱ¶һ˿Ц⣬żϷʵ˵ôʸҵСˣ
ԣƿĿ⣬ɿһֻǾ˵ӣϡЩǰǸʸˮѡ
ǺǣҲûʲôС椳ȷʵǼŮ˲٣ҪǡħǺһЦ˵
ǰĪҪ˵Цˣǻ̸̸°ɡ˵
٣ǲɴࡣħٺһЦ
漴ֽŮĴȡ˹ŪһкڹһһɫľͷǸѪľ
ãѪľؾ֮бܰȫһЩˡħ쵭˵
ľΪλѪľкã
һֱʡ
Сӣáħ쿴һۣһӣһϸϸĺڹһţɫľӦм䱻롣
ۿȥֻɫľͷһСָϸѪߣ·һ򾣬Ƕںľ֮С
ѪɢһֺܹܵŹֵķ
ħзһɺСĵİסѪߣ仺
ľûʲôֵҪΪľĵܹѪľ壬ԲŷǳءħСĵĽǶѪ˵
ⶫãȴռ֮á˵ħּ˵
û뵽ǰͨռ֮һ˿֮ɫ
Ҳûʲôռ˵ȡδĻᣬʵֵҵռ֮ħиֳһ˿漴ʧ
ˣ֪Ȥû׷ȥһת˵ħǰҳֽʸҵŮ˰ӦòǵΪѪľɣ
Ȼ˵ˣŮѪΪ֮ħԨؾлдáħкһ˵
ŶкôЩʵ
ˣҲ޷һνħԨؾʱһΪҪıأǸرһ֣ҵҲûܴ򿪡֮ϸоǸƣѾ뵽ƽ֮ҪһħѪΪ˵ƷʸҵŮʡħ쿴һۣһ˵
ƽ˵ȴ
Ŵ˻ɫɵ΢΢һ¡
ԣҪŮ˵壬ͳڰɡħٺһЦĵ٩
Цһٿŵϻ˯ĺŮһ˿
Ů˷׷ǹʣȻûΪ˵Ĵ㡣
˵ҪŮˣ㣬ңЫŷ飬ˣһöħԨ֮Կ㹻ˡ
ûзǺһͬ㲻һħҡҡͷ˵
üһ˵ͷ
һҪ˵һ£ħԨؾ֮ʱǸħ裬ʸҵŮ˶ܶڶ취֮أǸ«棬ħԨ֮Կӳ֣˳ͨؾĽơħֽ˵
д£üͷһˡ
ħԨؾ֮ʱ˱ȻЫãŮ¶ǰ϶ʳע⡣
İɣҼȻ˵ҪŮȥȻзӡʱƴŮ壬Ի챮ʱıһϢͨħҲħһЦ˵
ԣ˿
漴һйħԨؾ֮£뿪˻챮ռ䡣
ħ֮ʱ˺Ůд﷨зںŮ֮ʩ˼ƣʹ˸εĻ˯֮ء
ħûע⵽Ů֮ϴһöѰɫָ˿̺ɢһ㵭Ĺâ˺Ůڡ

ڽʱûһֱڿջбžޡ
㺮Ѳߵʿȴһҹ֮Ȼ˺ܶ࣬ƺѰʲô˵ӣҲ˿ջ
ȻµǵĿģҪҵڻ챮֮УȻһ
˸ᣬħû챮ıһºŮΣΪһ׳ұħٿţ˵ݣݼһŷ飬֮һͬħԨ
ŷ鲢ûпʲôԷֻһڵħˣһöħԨ֮Կɴ˽ؾж࣬ˬĴӦ

ʱţתۼ䴺ȥһʱȥˡ
ʵħ½֮صĺݶԣһļûʲô̫𣬼ļɿԿǵصľӨѩ
㺮⣬ȺɽĴѩɽһ޴ޱȵıϿ֮У˱̹ǵİɫͺХĿ⣬һִƬƬĻ
ɫϵķ̶
һСݹԶ߸ֶٶȼΪˣ󣬱Ͽڴһ󣬱ʧӰˡ
ţһƿһ죬ݹ⸡ֶͬԲ˼ٶȳϿȷɿûϿ֮С
ڽȥСУƵһĻĻš


1324 
Ͽ֮⣬װһģվһƬѩǵɽϣĿԶϿȷ΢ڵϸּ˼֮ɫ
ԣվһüĿĻˣŷ顣
ϣЩطȻѱ̹ǵĺһЩӨɫ˪˶Ȼδһ㡣
ؾ֮ҪˡԼĴҲȫˡŷɫһл˵
Ҳϰɡ˵
˵һҲڳ´һ½ľƣΪɻǣʳƺѱ֮¾͵ûһ㣬˵ûжʲôκξٶ
ҲͰؼĿݿڱϣԱΪĴ֮һ
³˵պڷǳܵսԲʱ˽ֵ⣬˶콫ѱ֮µˡ
ħԴ˵ĽǣǻмɵħԨڼŻ΢ľ档
һ㣬ȻҲ뵽ˡ
ȴЩɻħ½ļӣħǸ鶼ǹĵؾ棬ʲô
Ѿȫ˺ˡ
ŷ˵ͷϵһεĻݹ⣬ϿȷϢķȥ

Ͽ֮УŻɵĶұ֣ӵħԱһǰŨĶࡣ
ڴ˴ҲܵСƣŷ˶ԣȻʲô⣬ȴҲҽʶų̫ԶҪ鷳
һɽУʱ͸ʵԼɼǰϿһƬĹпյͷܶͬʱл
ŷ黥һۣ¶ݹһߣٶȻ˲١
ʱ˱ĵط
˵ϿհɴƬҰɫϼڸ߿תһ޴©״һ㣬ĸ󲨶ѣһɹɻɫһǿ𺳵֮ӿ
ھ޴ΧѾۼʮֳ֮࣬ʮѡ
Щ˵ĴŴӦ÷ʮͬʳĴ֮˺ȻС
ֻǳʳʮһ⣬ֻ˵ӡ
ŷ˲ݹ⣬һ䣬ڼ˻ͷɨ˶һ⣬û˵ע⡣
Ϊ˿˵עʳ
ʳΪ׵һŵߣ˿ڵһҰͷ߸˵ʲô
ĿһƳ֮£˫΢΢
߲Ǳˣǵںڷһս׷ɱԼͨ
»ǲԸ˵ʵ𣿡һһ˵
ռǰԣ˵ǹö˶˵Ļʹʧȴ˵
˵һ飡ֻҪҿϽҿԵδ֮ǰЭԾЧĻɲҪҷˡ߻ʸռ˵
սЭ鱾ǻʸӺǼµģĪǵ˴Ȩ˽ԷɣٺһһԵӡ
ߣ¿ǺٽƱ粻٣ڹʧֵ֮ġʸռһһ̧һƬɫϼһһ֮£ҼǰİС
Ϲ֮Уһ˿Ļɢһ޵ɷ⡣
ռĪƾһƲ֪δŪĹɷҲɣĿɨһϹеĻɫ˵
˵䣬ŷ⣬½ˣ˿ڱϿ֮Ѿﵽ߰ʮ˵ӡ
˼ڴԣȻһԵĿյϣפ㾲
ʸռˣû˵ֻɱŨ˼֡
˵ɵĻҵһλ󾳳ϣһǰڹ㺮Ե޹ʧˡ㺮ǿǻʳϽҪڴ˳һǿϢʧ٣ҿҲֻʳ԰쵽ˡȻ뵽ʲôһ㣬ֽ˵
ʳ
ʸռŭһͷɫӡһһȦȦɫƼɫƬ伡ӿ
䱳ɫϼһһɸߵģͷ۵ĶħӰڳУһֱصĿֲϢεĳ
ڳ֮Ȼѹ֮£׷ײĵ˼Ϊߣ
ΣͫҲǲ΢΢һε˼վסΡ
ȴҲʾڻʸռ취Ӱֵһ̣ͬһƵķӰ
ȻϢֲ֮ͬʸռķǰһͷӡ
ڴʱеľ޴©״УȴͻȻһдһ֮תٶȻ˲ٵӡ
һ죡
ͻȻɳɫģŴɢĻһ˱˷һȥ
˼״ͷһ
ΪЩУ˲ħ֮
ڴʱʳУһŮǰ촽΢ĳʸռ˵˼䡣
ʸռԣ̧׿һ۰еУɱ²ôˣȴ˼һˣԵֽ̣
˵ţҲȶԷظ˼ĶǷһŵû󣬲Ӱ
ת߻ʳһУȥ
ˣٺЦ˼ͬŲæ࣬ת߻ҡ
վǹ˼ħԨʵԸͷͻԪǸϢ
ۼλ֣ͨΧҲ˿ȻֺÿǴ˵ȴһڴ˶Შ˲˵˴ħԨ֮УҲˡ
ʱ׼ħԨĸǿߣʼ׷ԭϥʼ߶մӾɢħ֮
˵֮ˣ޲ǵħ½ʵļУѡľӢȻȱħ֮Ӧġ
Ͼħ֮ʵ̫ϡǣҲֹĻȡ
˵ؾȻִħ֮Ȼû˻ġ
ŷˣȻҲԭϥĻἳȡħ֮
һʱ䣬Ͽüž
ʱһĹȥ
һһҹһͻȻӱϿ
У޴©״ͻȻҲƬҰɫϼһҲģʹпһҡҡ׹ģ
һ˺յļУкȻɢ
һʱ䣬һɹҰ±ɢĹԭŨĻɫһ󷭹
˾ȵĿУһŴĿ֮ĹԭĴŴƬĺڰɫϼϯһ֯£һڰɫâĹƾոֶа֮ߡ
ڹһƬԵء


1325 ħԨ
ʱۼϿеѲ֪ﵽ˽ңÿһ϶ӵв󾳵Ϊ
˵ʱ˿ܳģħ½ѡкģ̫ϳϰĴڡ
Űиֵľ޴ţоżֻ֮ɫ
ϾȺ꣬ӭôһѵ֮
ݵɧ˽ָƽĿˢˢʳһƺڵȴʲô
ʸռ˫ֵվڻʸһǰΧ˵Ŀ޶ã˫ĿһŰеľ޴ţ˿ûС
ڴʱڴĿһƳĿԶĻʸռһۣһ˿мһȡһöɫԿס
˫ĿһգŹֵ漴ſһѪһŵûеĺɫԿС
ԭڳ¾ɵԿױ棬һȦȦµϸƣͬ˲һ㣬ðƬϼԿ׶ʱýӲ
һ̣ϼ׷ɢ֮£ǻâ飬һ½֮ȫûУһɴСĽɫԲ貶Ŀ
һ
ɫԲΪһֱо޴ϯȥ
ɫԲ򼴽֮ʱͻȻϼһȻһһֻ֣Բ˼ٶȽס˽ɫԲһûţӰ
ȡԿף˽ţǰ󲻹Ϣڴڼ䣬ʸռĿ⶯ҲδʮˣҲû˿ֻǾվš
κ󣬼ʸûʲôٶߺաԼҵͷ֮ˣҲ׷ȡħԨ֮Կ˻һŽɫԲû˹֮С
䴦ǰһĻĿһ¶ɻ֮ɫ
ٺ٣ǲǿĴؾˣһͨĸ󾳣Щ⣿ħȻ
ؾΪһܷͨӳܱǿΪĴ嶼ֻǲһͨܽ룿ͨص
ͨħԨ൱һ۷ǿߣĻȷԶԶһ۷塣棬Щ˵ҲǼʧ֪鼸ÿһħԨʱзġħ쵭˵
ȻħԨ˱ЩԵβ跨ЩСжȡԿף󣬻һתʵ
ô֪ЩСУûĴ壬֮ˣħٺһЦ
ЩȻ
˵䣬ͷ֮˵Ĵ£˹֮С
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ȻȻʸռϢҲͨΪ
һʩ󣬶˷ֱˣŽɫԲһǰһû˰еĹС
ʸռȴûԽħԨǶ棬ŽɫԲʧ󣬾ԭϥ£˫ĿһյĴ
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ŨܵĻһ󷭹£ݹ⼤ڼֱڶ
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ݹһͺ߼˳˹ǰĿյϡ
˿̣ԭĿĻʸռ˫Ŀͺһۣ漴ֱ۾
ͺڻʸռʱͬ˹ȥʸռһݵĶӡ
ע֮£ԹԵȡħԨ֮Կ˻һŽɫû˹֮С
ţڴһ󷭹£ݹ
âһֳӰ
˶һ£Ϊ֮һɫŮӣͷһɫͷȷһһŮ꣬ͨɫЩĲ԰ס
ŮӷһĿ⻷һȦȡһöħԨ֮ԿŶ˽˹֮С
ˣϿԭˣѾ˽֮
ŷһۺҲٵ顣
һһɺڰɫϼһԺȻЫһӰǱħû챮ûòλʸҵĹ
ŷȡħԨ֮Կ
ڴʱʸռ˫ĿȻĿһɨں꼰Ы϶࿴ۣһ˿ɻɫ
ˣһݣȴ˿ɫδ¶
һʸռƺûзʲôϱƿĿ⣬Ŀ
вɵĴ˿
ŷŹһ֮£˱㱻һŽɫԲ
ƿһ𣬽ɫԲһ磬һŵķ˰еĹУ漴ĺڰɫһյУʧӰ
ɫԲУֻ˷һƬӲӣ޷Ӧŷ˵Ϣһ
ţһɾ޴˺֮˿̵ΪҲЩɫͨ浤ħ˵˾£̱ˡ
Ȼ˿̵֮ͨǽڤǾȫתסȫ¡
ָоʱ̣ܶǰһΧҰָͬʱһŨħ
˿˿Ƶħ֮
ħԨҡҡͷΪͲĲĿ⿪ʼΧĻ
һƬЩߵĲݵأвٻҺɫʯƺһĸ̲
ͷճֳɵɫ·ɳһ㡣
üͷһ壬ա
Ȼ΢ĸо֮ƺʲô޴ޱȵĶգһɵѹȸϡ
ˣôˣЫкӰ˿ҲվڸЫľٶ˹
¡ҡҡͷջĿ⡣
ɫһ䣬ֻЫˣŷȴӰ
ЫпǸŷ飿æѯʵ
ûСЫһĿ⻷һ£漴ҡҡͷ
üͷһ壬һӴʶɢܿɢ˷ԲǧķΧȻûиӦŷĴڡ
ˣǸŷ鲻ٸҵġħӰһԣ˵
⻰ʲô˼ɫһ䣬ħʵ
ҲоˣħԨʱռǣܴ֮ÿ˱͵ħԨؾеλöǲͬģ˷Ϣһ𣬲Żᱻ͵һطħ쵭˵
ɫһЫԼħ˫ͬ壬ħٿء˵ȷʵ˴˴ŷӣŷǾû˿ˡ
뵽ɫһá
Ȼ֪Ϊβ˵ѵǹǺŷֿĿһ˵
ħ쵭һЦû˵Ҳûзϡ
üͷһ壬Щջħô˳ǲлõǸǬ׻


1326 
һˣħһۣһ
һķɵ˰УĿ⳯Χȥ̽һΧĻ˳ȷһ´˿ڵλá
ΧĻǴ˿ڵĵطȷʵһƬĸڣżܿһ͹갫ɽɵൽҰͷ
ۼ˾΢΢˿
ħԣħԨؾյؾǲûб͵ǳΣյĵط
ڴ˿̣ԶһɽһƬƣѸޱȵĳƮ˹
зĺ·һ¡¡죬תۼɵ˽
ಣ
ЫͺҲɵ˰գվԡ
Ы΢΢Щ֮ħʲô˻Ȼħ
ɫƽ֮ͫиֳһϹ⣬ħͫͨ
һ֮£ֺ֮飬ȻͷСĺɫ֩룬˿ͷƤ顣
Щ֩ͨںڷ׶Ϸ·һ׺ɫһ㣬֩뱳Բ͸ȶ֮
Щ룬ʵȻǿܹһ˿һĸʴۻãΪڶ࣬ҲһֱȽѲĵͽħħҲԣ˵
Ŀһ
Щħʵһ㣬ֻҺڵʵʵ̫࣬еٶҲܿ죬ΧĻϤóȻɶݶӵĻ˭֪ʲôΣգһս޷ˡ
Ŀһת˺ϣлƹһֳһŶɽ顣
ذҿԿμսһսħĿ˵һӣ챮ӺϷɳС
ʱָԭ»Ϊ˺Ůģ֮һƬãȻɣǺ֪
ħʮָһָ̧ʱʮߣû˺Ů塣
ŮϷһɫâ۾ҲһƬɫâ֮ͫԵÿն֮
ۼ˾㣬ܿתͷֽ챮Ы˵
Ы㲻س֣Ȼػ«ɡЫ΢΢һ漴ķԸ廯Ϊһڹ⣬˻«֮С
ħԨ֮׼ϣ֮ǰҪܵº֡
ħ쿴һۣйâһ¶һ˿Ц⡣
תۼ䣬Ʒɵ˽ɢǵأڱ˴ա
Ŀһһ֣ϸֳ˹ɿ۳ֻڻǰ
ڵΪһ۷ķ۳ĺڻ߰ʮɴС֮ǰȣǲͬն
ִһڻʱһХ˳ȥ
ͷɫһţһɺɫ棬Ⱥ֮УɻӳһƬɫ𺣣ǰĴƬ档
ں֮£죬ܿ㻯Ϊ˽̿
ֻڻצֱȺҧͬʱӻһɫ
䣡
ɫֵ룬Ҳ˴ɫҺ壬ͬһӰȥ
ۼ˾˵ͷ
ȻѾڤǾΪ֮£ڤҲݱ˲پ仯
ĹһƬǰ뼸˲㱻ɨɾ
ಣಣ
̶ƿһƬɫļӰֶ·˸ԶȺ
ɫӰ͸ǿʱдƬ뱻͸壬ֱӱѿ
ת׿ȥŮ˿ֳǸɫ̹Ӱģ£һӰպս֮ʱҲضá
ħĲٿܹ֮ӳȣ
֮£תۼɱǧͷ롣
Щʵ̫࣬Ҳͷ֮࣬ηһһɫ˿һɫֹ޼
һӣٴӿƬΪһʮɴСĺƣͷ
ɫ׷û֮ϣʧ٣·һ㡣
ЩͽħٴȥҲû壬ע鷳ˣǾսĺáħ˿̿˵
Ŀһ˿ԽԽӿ˹ǰΧ棬ҪͻΧҲס
ȺһһĴڣֻҪնɱͷЩԶȥˡмױ֡ħһ߲ٿźŮе˵
ԣ˫ĿһУͫиֳɫâĿ⿴ΧȺ
ģһ٣סһ
ͺһһ佣ҡ
һɫԲ˳һģ˵ɫӰѸޱȵĳǸȥ

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ӽɫ޽ϯ£ԲɷΧ̼䱻ݺύĽ֣붼ɱ
ڴ˿̣ɫ֮дһŭ𣬸ֳһֻɴСľ룬ϵǺȻɫɢϢȻﵽ浤۷ӡ
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״Ŀһнһ䡣
ƿ
ɫ޽֮ƣȻնɫ롣
ɫ״һŭ˻һСȻĴ׳ɫǰצץ˽ɫ޽
һ죬ɫ屻ɣһֻɫǰצȻնϣǽɫ޽Ȼ
ԶĻ¶ɫ
սķ֪ĺʵʩչһɽҲһˣȻһͷ浤ħﵲ
ɫ˻һſһֵճĺɫҺ壬˽ɫ޽ϡ
ɫ޽һմȾɫҺ壬̷͵ɫ˼֡
Χ뿴ɫһƴӵ˹ȥɫ˿˽ɫ޽֮ϡ
ɫһ䣬漴Ŀзɿ˼ִһ
ɫ޽Ȼֳһâ漴Ȼȼһɫǳ棬޽ϵĺɫ˿׷ױնѡ
޽֮ϽɫâӳâȻʢɫûС
һ˻д漴˻Ȼֹ
âһѪէ֣ɫȻն룬Ƭʬȥ
Χ뿴ɫ뱻նɱʱһ֨֨ҽУ˲ȥǡ
һ֮ЩȻħ˵ٴ£һƬƣԶӶȥתۼʧˡ
˿ٻս衣
һߣħҲźŮеɫ̹
뿪˵ħ˵һ䣬漴һεûڡ
˵ͷִһԶƵͬʱɢΪ˹һס˺Ů壬ԼԶ۶ȥ


1327 
СʱڷɳɳֵĻڣڽӵһݵ
ôãǻɵģǹɵѹȸӰΡ
ųʶһɨȷϸûʲô󣬵һȥ¶ħͺŮӰ˿˵벻ħԨ֮ħﵹǲ٣ոսϮ
ħԨ֮ħŨ̶ҿжħ֮˵κεطʺħ档ﻹֻΧԽħԨħԽħ˵
ԣҲû¶ʲôηɫȡһ֮ǰħƵǷħԨͼ
ոһȺͻȻϮûüȷڵλá
ĵΣȺǽĵطӦħԨΧһаڵĵطħˣ˵
˵ͷ漴ʶ֮Уܿҵ˵ͼϱעаڵĵط
ӵͼϿһƬСħԨؾΧ
һᣬʶ˳򣬿ħ죬ѯʵǰߣ
ħԨ֮Ȼĵرڶ࣬ħĵͨħ˵ʬͷƬЩħԨ֮п϶ҲǼΪѰҿ϶С
ħԣ´һȴϸֳ֮ɫ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ΪħȻһΣȻͨʬЩƬλڿħƺЩҲһ֪
ҼǵĴ½ʱõһ̣ǶһáκħĿ˵
Ŵ˻ɫһԺܿʱɱǸ֮
ֽ﷭һȡ̣ǱһͬƤ伮
Ҫⶫһݸħ죬ʵ
ħûлشȴԹԵ˼кڹһ¶ϸ˿ĺߣһͷںŮϡ
һ˦֣ЩͬʱɢŽӹ̺Ƥ伮
Ůû˿ƣ˫ʱպһĳŵϵȥ
üͷһ壬ַһɺס壬˵ϡ
ٺ٣㻹Ǹϧ֮ˡħ쿴ľٶٺһЦ
Ҳħĵ٩Ŀ⿴е̺Ƥ伮ռİɣѵҪʩչռ֮٣
ħϵЦ飬ĿһеĹϣûлشĻ˵һƷϹްͷǹƶɵģȻȲǰʹõĲߣҲǿˡ
˵ţַǱ伮һ£Ƭ̺󣬿зһЦֽ䶪ƺԵ伮еȫмһ˵ӡ
ӹƤ伮û׷ʣħľٶѾش⡣
ħһ࣬һץбһźڹ⡣
һɫϼзֳڰһ֯£һɫη󽫹һ׵뷨档
ɫ΢䣬ɫɢһĪϢֶʱյĴҸо
һһĽŮһ˵ʮɣվס
ħֲǰ裬һŹַӡɫ󻺻תɢĺɫԡ
ڷ֮£Ĺ׻Ҳ
ڴ˿̣ħΧƾոֳһɫ磬۳һɴСĺɫӵأйХ֮Ӻɫд˳
ֻһɹ֮͸˹æٴδźŮ˳һξ롣
ħͺɫںɫ֮УƺȫûӰ졣
Īʩչռ֮󣿡ԽԽĺɫв²
ŷΧĳҲϯħΪģԲɵݵضʱ÷ɳʯ
Ŀ˸һԾ裬һмħΧ
ϷɫĹâһεԴ󣬽ɫڸ
Щ˿
̫Ǽɢ»ʲô鷳
ڰգâ˸ȻŷħͫܽħĶһ
ħƺΧһ֪мдʣƺĳ֮˫һģϴһʹùɢĹâԽԽ
κĿһһкһһϸĺɫ壬ǶѪľ
һ֣ڹһնһСѪľӽ˹֮С
С䡱һʱȼһźɫ档
ħ˫͵󣬿зһ߸ſһɫ⣬֮ϡ
еָ˿̺Ȼתת˼Ȧ漴ָ˶ߵķ
ħ˳ָָȥ漴һɣһɫɢϵĺɫҲƮɢ
ŷȥΧХĺɫҲ֮ɿɢ
Զۼ˾һӣɫ󷨶ʱɢϵ춼ûУΧһжʱָԭ
ռѾ˽źŮħԣʵ
ħ컺վ鿴ЩήңһԪ˵ģ
ڻûжٷռĽҲģǽߣӦûһЩջ񡣡ħ콫̵ݸָԾָ򶫷
һۣȻȡǿͼ
ݵԶȻһ
أȻħԨΧгͶҪСġħһ£˵
âһħƺħԨؾ쳣ϤĵͼΪϸΧ֮ؼԣеԤϡ
˵ħ첻ǽؾһΣô֪ôࡣ
Ҳûне뷨¶ֻǵ˵ͷӦһã֪ˡ
Ҹոʩչռ֮֮ЩҪϢһ¡ħ˵һ䣬廯Ϊһڹ⣬ûڡ
ϵĺŮ΢һлâһһɽ顣
ִһɽ鱬һƬƹ⣬ס˺Ů壬˽ȥ
Щһһڹ⣬Ŷɳ۶ȥ
˿̣ɽռ֮УŮƽڵϣָֽϵɫʯٴοʼɢӫ⣬ɫʯ֮ǰȣѾС˲١
Ů˿̣ϵ鿴ѾôľګЩѪɫ
˿һ߳Ŷɳۣһ߷ųʶʱ̾ΧȻע⵽ɽ֮¡
ʱһһȥŮָֽϵ̹ԽԽŮ۶档
ڴ˿̣̹֮дһָ֮ϵɫʯȻ鿪Ϊһɫһ㣬һŵ˺ŮĿڱ֮С
Ůһૣ۾£󻺻˫Ŀ
˻Դָ˼Ŀһü΢΢


1328 ħԨ
취벻˾ȻƷβ͵Ķ취һĻһļһšЩ֡Ů૵˵
ƺڼ䣬ħ֮ʱ飬֪һ㡣
˵ôһ֮󣬺Ů̧֣ĽָڣɫʯѾʧӰˡ
ĸҵöŽ䣬򻹲֪ҪԶˡŮиֳһ˿ɫָֻܿƽ
վĿ⳯Χռ´
ɽĶռ֮У˲ԶһΡͦεĻɫ޷壬Լɽһɫڻ⣬ɫͺɫˮ
֪ΪΣŮռ̺һΪֲֻǴЩ΢
ȻɽĿռֻʮСԶԶȲϻ챮ɽĶ֮е˲ͻ챮ĺڰ׿ռȫָо
ȼߣȴӵȫͬԣˮ֮ݣպռӦûܴ󡭡Ů˵ƺԶ취֪ĺܶࡣ
һᣬŮûͼƿɽռ䣬һתص˸ոŵĵط˫ۣϵϢҲȫһʼԵһ޶
ɽĶ֮Уûз򿪿ռ䣬˳ݻٶռ䣬ӳȥ
ŮЩ֪ĺƾ󾳳ڵΪƵĿ취ΨһĻᣬܵٴν죬ʱѰˡ
ͬһʱ̣ħԨ֮Уڲ֪ԶһɫϿȣ͵ħ˻зľײʱһɫâ
Ƭ֮һҺϿд漴Ǿ촫һӴӰϿб˳صײһɽ֮ϡ
ȴһͷʮɳľ޴ޣͬɫȴһѪɫȮ˸ɭȻĺ⣬˲
˿̣ͷѾ͵
һ޴˿ڣնϣѪпӿѾˡ
ӰһΣһ˴Ͽз˳˾Աߣŷ顣
ûж࿴ߵľޣĿ⳯Χ˹ȥ̾˿
벻ؾ֮󣬸˻ᱻֿ͡ŷ˵
һֿħԨؾ֮Ҫ̸ס
Ƭ̣ȡһɫƤúɫ򵥵ĹճħԨĴµͼȻڵͼ룬úʱǳһλá
һ˱һ˰ɣǰѾǬ׻λáŷ˵
漴˵ͼһһɫݹ⣬ŵͼע뷽ɶݶȥ

һɽ֮У˿վʮɫ۵ħˣʳ˴νʮˡ
ʮȻʩչĳ˴˷ӣʶڽħԨ󣬲ûбɢ
Ϊ׵Ŀ󺺺ŮӶ˵˵˼ŮһεվһԣħԿΪΧһȦϥ¡
ÿֳһɫ죬дʣ֮ϼһϹ⣬۳һʮɴСķ
󺺼ˣһһڹһŵû뷨ϿգڹȥȴһöħԨ֮Կ
һԵŮͬȡħԨ֮Կֱ뷨֮С
ɫħʩչռЩƣȻҪ˺ܶࡣ
ɫ֮£öħԨ֮Կ֮ɢԽԽĽ⡣
󺺿дʣŵһһƴСɫԲ̡
ԲһģɫϿգ漴ɫ֮УȻΪɫģɿöħԨ֮ԿС
öħԨ֮Կâţ绯Ϊɫڷ߲
󺺴˿˫ĿգдʣƬ֮۾ִһ
ɫȻɢɫٴθֶ۳ɫԲ̣һöħԨ֮ԿһͬС
ϥڵϵİħ˴˿վеɫ죬վһԡ
ôٸֽһöħԨ֮Կ˵
ħԨʱѾӦˣӦ֮󡣡۾˵
¡ʱӦ㹻̽Ĵżˡٸͷ˵
ô˵Ǵ˴εҪĿĻħԨ֦ĩڡĿһ˵
Ȼ֪ٸ˵
²˳٣㿪ʼɡ˵ţ
ٳϣһ¡ٸ¶һ˿ԥɫ漴ǳ
һ٣ת׿˹üͷ΢ʵǳϣ£
֮ǰؾ֮⣬Ȼ°߹˼ȥܾϺĻšϣ˿̶ȻǴؾ֮Сٸ˵
˼ǡŴԣĿһƺ뵽ʲôɫ΢΢һ䡣
ûңߺռң֪ҶȻ֪ħԨ飬°߹Ŀĺܼ򵥣ħԨʱùвǣͶٸĿһ⣬˵
ĺе˳ɱˡ˵ħʴѾԸǣ˴ħԨ֮ΪҪĿģʱ򲻵һֻˡ󺺻˵ͷ漴һתĮ˵
ٸüһ壬Ƭ֮󣬿ڵħʴȻôԸԹĳ谮ٳҲУħʴ֪ǶԹȣҲԹɡ
Ŵ˻ɫ΢΢һ䡣
ǲ֪ǳϿʲôõ뷨󺺳Ƭ̣˵
ҿҽ´ħԨؾǾȻعһᡣҴ˴νؾֻˣǻаصҲкڣʵӦûǿһЩħԨ֮ǰҵȲΪǿٸĿɫһ˵
Ŵԣ϶ʱ¶֮ɫƬ̺󣬲ſڵ¹ϵ̫󣬾ʵҲһعǷҲؾ֪óȻıƻһɴ˴жʧܾ鷳ˡ
ٳϲصģҵ弫ħȻ֮ˣһ弫󷨣̽һ¹ĴڣȻӦ˹ĴڣǷֲ١ٸ˵
ǺðɣͰ˵İ졣Ŵ˻ǿ˵ͷ
ȶźİ˸ħˣԶ۶ȥ

ʮ֮һ޴أҵͨڣĸ󾲾վڴ˴ƺڵȴʲô
ΧһصĻɫħʬ壬аͷ֮࣬˿һȫƶǣеѪ̱ǣƺȫûиоһ㡣
ʱһȥ˴գԶղŸֳһѪ⣬֮ѪѾؽǰȴһɳѪɫۡ
ŴһĴڣһڣ۱ǰɳԶ


1329 ħ
ѪɫǰԶͣ漴ɳˣǿüߣ΢ȿˡ
ѹȻʱĿһɨ¶һ˿Цݵ˵
Ѿóһöͨ޵ľǣҵȻҵġüɫ˵ָ
ǺһЦһתа׹һһȭͷСİɫġ
ܿһ¹ľǣͣĳײŰɫڱڣÿڣᱻһ׹⵲˻
ЩʹĿһеİɫ漴һ֣Ӹüߡ
üߺĽ˹ϸһеľǣ˵ͷֽɫ̧ͷ˵ˣѼȻ˳ģʲôֱ԰ɡ˵ǰ棬ڿѾʳȻǰϵڵ£ǿɲǺͻʸ
Ȼ˵ȴ»ֲĳˣΪһ¡һ壬һϺꡱȴ˿ûе˵
üŴ˻¶һ˿ɫûпڡ
Ǻǣ֪ѿ˵ħԨؾ֮һħԨĵطǺһЦ˵
ħԨüߺԵ΢һۣҲҡҡͷ
¹ªţָ㡣ü߿˵
ָ㲻ҵȻȤĳȻԸΪλ˵һ˰ֵ˵
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Ҵ˷Ǳħ˶деϹŵ伮ҶоħԨؾͨйħһռ䡣ɫһ࣬һһ˵
ʲôħ磡üһʼûԴޣĻʱһ
΢ˣһҲ¶֮ɫ
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дԣħ֮ˣֻڹħУпͻ֮ͨﵽͬ١
ƶϣѾ˾Ųʮˡĳո˵ħԨʵͨħڣһնģ
üҲϼ޻֮ˣܿƽĿһʵˣ˼ǣ
λ֪ʵħԨħԨԨ֮С´˴λ뿴ѿȤһȥһħԨһ˵
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һüΪ׵ĿҼ˷׷ɫ䡣
ĪˣħԨؾԨһֱħԨĽħԨˣ֪жҪһ̽տûһ˻ųġԨΧƬأͿҵȡҪ֪ڴ˵أҲ൱һ۷ˡüҡҡͷ˵
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Ҳ̽ѰԨ֮أǴνؾȫ棬һҵͨϡ
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ǺǣĳȻ˵ˣȻȫ׼˵
üۼţвɵ÷һ˿ֹ
ѵʲôӣܹԨ
üͷתȴ˿¶ߡ
ˣ»һû˵ħԨͨħͨڲʵҲһ޴ޱȵıأϹʱڵĶ취Ҳв١ν벻˵ҲġΪ˴˴ħԨ֮У˲׼ġĿһ˵
һüһҲ޷ƽ̰֮ɫһš
а취ԨջֵðġϾû˿ԽУеı֪֮࣬ˡ
ȻͨڣҲûһֵĶ취ǸħԨеõһʵܹõԾԵеĵλǲͬնˡ
ңʵǽҪϢȥ߼˴󹦡
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΢ɫһ仯󣬴˿Ҳ¶ԾԾԵɫϾô˵бȻ˼ְգóóȻǰȥġ
ˣңӦҲ֪ħԨĴڰɣüǿƽһĻһתʵ
㳤ϹȻ˼񡣲ʸҲ֪ħԨ顣֣ʵǡüߵ˵仯Уд󶨣ǺһЦ˵
üĿһ漴˵ͷȻˣҲ޲ɣйħԨ飬ϸ˵һ¡
Ȼû⡭ĿһЦһ
ͬʱħԨؾطϼ壬ߺռ壬һЩСңݵҲ׷׿ʼؾ̽

һ·򶫷ȥͨͼϢʱ̷ųʶܶǱܿ˲ħϢء
һ·µķһһҹԭͰƽݵؽϡ٣ƽ̹˲٣ʼƬĳֹľԺ֣ҲЩд
ЩֲУܼɫĲľð˿˿ƵɫΧ
ɫֲԽƬֻ߹ľУд붼ɫ
ͬʱ濪ʼŢеʪҲһߣڶˮʼ۳һƬƬˮ
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ֲïʢɫɢɫеˮ֮֯£һֹĵɫʹһпЩ֡
һڿеȳüͷ΢΢һ
ЩɫĳָʴԣȻʲôӰ죬ʶڴȴܵСƣҳͼ֮ƺҲʧȥһ㡣
Ҳ˵ǼǰĻԼȫ¶Ǳصħǰ
Ȼ˴˵أȻܰ;
мƶðУһͷ˰ɫ֮С


1330 ż
ʱ
ĳϿգһӵ˻
ֻͨϺɫνгСĹѣһӷΧ

ѾƬĵ湥ˡ
˿̵Уؿڴɫӡâ˸Ͷ֮䣬һſͷ­СĽɫܵ
˷
ЩɫϺɫȺУ׷ױѿϸߣȺе˸
ЩϺɫһɫ⣬žлΪһѪ漴ΪС
Կһħ֮ЩӴеͽħЧǷϲѡ
һӵĹΧϺɫĿɿ٣תۼ޼ˡ

Сպ
ǰԶһͷСɽСĻɫܴ·
ţ䱳һСĹİһ֮ۡƬųϯȥ
ͬʱ޿һţһ鲼Ѫɫ¶һ
˿ȴ˫ִ࣬ǰĹ޶ð㡣
Ѫɫ߰ʱ˫ĿǰһһŽɫԲƾոֶ
һģ֮£ȻΪһ߳Ľɫ⣬ĴӻüĴԺһʧټ
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ڴʱƿһƬɫдӱǵصļ
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Уһͷ¥СɫħƵľˣЩãȻĿܡ
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ĵ۸޷赲Хɫ޷壬ֱѹ£һꡱ죬ʹ˱˷ǡ
һУһһɫԲ鱻˻
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Ȼͷ浤ڵħ沢ʲôƬصħͺɱһ㣬ҸηһһӿЩơ
չѾ¾ǧͷħˣȻЩħΪ಻浤䷨ҲǲС
ַһŻָҩǰʱͻ
ΧĵɫͻȻһҷһɹ̴Ϣʱ˿
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ЩɫѸɢԭĵɫ֯һתۼ佫Χ
һݣĸоеħŨ˲٣аȻħƺһЩϢ
ЩĻʹԼҰʶ֮ܵӰֻ岻ˡ
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ͻ챮ĻЩƵӣܼĳ
Ȼ˵һʱֳһҰɫâʱǹ⡣
һɣӿ˶٣תۼַɳ
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ֻǰԶĵѾأʼһƬһƬɫĸ棬ͷ·кȻֵĵһ㡣
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ǰĵ֮϶һƬԫϱڣƺһγɵġ
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⣬һЩԫ滹¼һЩϵ֡
建ĿЩ֮ϣĿһ
Ѿǳħ½֪Сˣħ½ҲѾһ˽⣬Щһĳֺܹϵħġ
֣֪࣬ǿ˼ǽöħģдöһЩ룬ףȵȵĻƺû̮֮ǰһ֮Ľ
һᣬûҵʲôõϢһɵ˰գǰȥ
ȵǣǰȥûжԶһԫ棬֮ǰģࡣ
վһ֮УĿ⽥
ڽħԨ֮ǰħ˵ħԨؾ֮УźܶϹżǰЩӦñһˡ
ϧħ˿Ѿ˳˯ļʶӦܹ֡
һ˿ϲɫħռָָӦþ⴦Ϲż
ڴ˿̣ǰĻɫдһХ֮޴ͬɽХһӿľһζΧĲԫʱֶ˲Ѻۡ
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ֻǰĻҷƺзʲôıʡ
γһȦȦĲˣͬһ㳯ɢ̺ı֮ǰܵĹ
һâ˸
ʶѾƵֻɢʮڣħͫԶ
͸ЩɫܿɫâƺԴͷǰԶ
Ƭ̣һɶݶȥ
Σͼת˼£ȫûɢһ˿һϢ


1331 ɷ
ٷɳ˰ңһʮɸߵΡ뽨Ұ֮С
ӿиͨԲΣκһ޴ļ̳ΧһƬʯ㳡ԶһȦɫʯŲħơ
ɫԴͷȻ̳ϷӿŨ˷
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ȻΪҫѤǿУȴ˵ɭ֮С
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ЩΪԾģԾǣڼ̳ΧȻΧĶԼħ
ЩССĶħ˿̶˵ϣȦȦĽ̳Χм䣬飬ͷӡ
֮ǰĶ棬ħﶼС
ЩԭӦüͻụɱĶħ˿һԡ෴沿¶ɫſںʲô
̳ϿɢɫȦһȦȦĴЩħɢ
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һԶ׼֮ͨǰĹ۲Ҳóۣͬ˿Ϲ˸˼̳Χĵ¡
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ͷħҲǣΧΣ׷¶˾ɫһתԶȥ
ڴ˿̣̳ײһź¡һ򿪣ڹ⼤ֱ׷ͷħ
֮Уüһ
ڹ֮УȻһ˶ߵںɫãͭɫףһ߳ĺɫǵͷ­ۿȼɫ档
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ǰѾʧȥ˴ľַħӴ΢΢ЩҡΣǿһһ̹⣬Զȥ
ڴ˿̣һڹɫ֮мѸףۡһ̹֮С
̹֮дһҽУܵ帡ֶ˵ϣзĲҽС
ֻС֮ϴһɫǵֻе¶档
麣λãȻɫǵ׼ȷɫѾû˶
˿ڴѪӿǶɫǵ˽ȥɫǵڹţͬʱһɫӿתۼ㽫ܶᡣ
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˿̣λħҲֱɫնɱ
ͷ浤ħʬ壬˼̳ڡ
֮Уйâһ廯Ϊһ磬ͷú˼̳ڡ
ΪȻᱻͷ浤÷֡
䡱һ
ڵĴٴκ£ϣ̳ٴλָƽ


1332 ħʬ
̳źһ谵ľ͵ãŵĻһŻѪζ
ϷǶ߰˿ȭͷСөʯɢɫâĴӳ˳ԼĪ߰ʮɹӡ
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ѪܣʮʯâԼһЩµħơ
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һ죬þվ޽һɴУಡһأֻĽӰȴֱӻѿ
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˿ȼ˰߸ߵɫ棬ɷγɵĻ棬⣬ӳݣԵüΪɭֲ
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СӣԹɡЦһȻһӡ
ϵɷħӿһȻۻΪɫ׶㳯ȥ̶ƿ
ѪɫҲͬʱˣһֻצһѪâƾոֶѸǴʮɴС
һȻܵУҲû¶˿֮ɫ裬зɿͳ
ĿɽƹһΪĸȭͷСɫɽ塣
һ֮£ɽӭǴתۼ仯ΪʮɴСΧΧ˷ʵʵ
¡¡
ɫѪɫз׷׺ɫɽ֮ϣ޴ĺɫâѿ޴ķֱ̳졣


1333 翹
ɫɽƹתɽȻħʬõĹҲͬСɡ
ϵķע£ɽȹ
úѪɫüˣһ󲻸ĵĸ¸¹ֽУæӴ˹ȡ
һʱ䣬ǵصɫ׶ѪâǰӿڵһСƬռΧ˸ˮйͨ
ԶԶȥͬһɫľ޴Բ򣬱˰С
ֻһɹϢѹȸд˷һݣȻҵлâ֮£һɽ飬ӭ籩
ɫ޷Χɿת֮£ųƬɫϼ⣬ϵħʬõķ񹥻
ĺ
ȻԽԽһɽϲдƬ鱻䣬ҾſɽɵɽӴͬСɣǽ߿ĹϤֵ
Ȼ˿̵ɫȴЩʮȻžſɽγɵǿһʱûʲôΣգȴʮ־ˡ
һȥĻһħʬûãһԶͺ˵ˡ
֮⣬̳ڲƺĳֹŹֽ֣ЫϵȻҲˡ
Сӣϴγּ̫̣Ŀǰ޷ٴδ߶ħ㡣ҿԲٿǸʸŮסһãԸһͺáһħӰԸֶ
ŮֻΪЩǿɣ
ȻҲ취ħʬΪѴͨȻħԨ֮Ӳѹ۷壬ʵȴͨ۷ħܱģħĿƣŮķԵñһЩ
ֻǲסһʱ䣬Ӧûûʲô⡣²˳٣жɡħĿһ˵
ԣ˵ͷеͺһ˫ʮְָֹŵ˲Χľɫ޷ϡ
һɫɽһת֮£źķ÷ȥһߵѪɫ÷ȥ
ɽâţֳһȦȦɫ⻷ɢһɹɻ쳣ѹϢ
úѪɫɫһ䣬ɫɽڰг֮ƣ·޿ɱܡ
Ŀоһ֮£ֻ÷ֱȥֹͣй
Ŀһô˼϶һӣһŰ͸ɽ顣
΢΢һһƬϼһһ󣬶һ˫ĿյĺŮ
ħˣһţָ⼤һ˿ĺɫϸ˿Ůȥ
˿ϸޱȣͨ巢滹ŵǽħԨ֮ǰŮ֮
ۿЩ˿ҪŮ֮Уͻ
Ůԭһ嶸ȻһΣӰһ֮£ʧԭء
ħָĺɫϸ˿ʱ˸գɫȻһ䡣
һ̣ŮӰʮ⸡ֶһ˫ڰ׷о˸Ϲţ˶ʱΪһɫݹ⣬ż̳ڴ
ಡһ
һмһŵĳڴŷȥ
֮УԼɼһֻдĵɫС棬һζȻΪ磬գۼ䵽˴ǰ
ŮδͣһָŽңңһ㣬ͬʱ֡
ɲǼ䣬һӱѶΪɫӿ˲佫̳ŴûУ졣
ȥ̳϶һɵĴ󶴡
ӺŮһԾ𣬵ը̳ţˮĸɾħ˻ȥʱŮѾ󶴲ʮɾˡ
ۿŮҪӶ֮ʱѪɫкһЦһ
ȻûŪͻȻֵĺŮô£˿̷ŮͬǸħˣȻܾôӵˡ
ֻһ߼ˣͬʱһ̧мһ⣬һŵû˼̳
һ
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׹һȥ󣬴˷ǽڴʱһŵİ׹դӣһֱӵ˴Ϸ
ٲȻһ޴ޱȵİ׹֣̳ڵĿռϤ
̳ڴԭƿĴ󶴣˿Ҳ׹դס
顱һ
ŮĶݹֱײڹդ֮ϣ̱һ׹ⵯ˻
ϹһŮֳΣһ粻
һıʣɫ΢΢һ䣬ͷת
ħˣ̾˿ȻΪһɺڡ
һ˺ŮԶһУɫɽ»Ϊɽ飬ɻԡ
Ůת׿һۣһ˿âż־ɫ
Сģħʬÿɲ򵥡ȴԺŮ΢΢һЦ˵
Ůһ漴Ŀģ¶һ˿ŭɫ
һֱΪܶԿ𣿼ֱǳ룡˿ѾѷˣԹѪɫĿŮɨЦ˵
ȴһԲȻΪһ⣬ֱȥ
δϵɷɳΪһƵľ޿һŵĳͷ¡
跨סѪɫһʱ䣬˾㣡
ݷ˵ĳŮһ䣬ͬʱнһָսһΪ˳ʮɵĽɫƥɫնȥ
һߣѪɫЦϸֳƬѪâһƬʮɴСѪƣŮȥ
֮
Ѫй֮һѪɫ޴֣һ´дܳŮڳȥ
Ůһ˿ȻԸҲݲѡˡ
һ߳üĴɫħӡǹâһ³һɫСһת֮£˸¥С
ƿɫϸ˿ļΪһɫӭѪƼֶȥ
Ѫɫֺɫײһ𣬴־ɫϸ˿ư
ȻѪɫ䣬ɫϸ˿ϣźŮзͣɫСԴԴϵϸ˿ҲʱסѪƵļƽ
˶ȻԷҲǲСֻƬ̹򣬺ŮɫͲ԰˲١
Ѫ֮дһ̶ЦѪƻȻһѪɫֶ漴͵ըѿѪɫߣݺݳɫȥ
Ůһ˿֮ɫȻзͣɫԱƵ
ŮУĿ¶һ˿ԥ˿̣սĽɫ޽ںݣû·硣
ŮȻǵзѣǴ˿ȴǹ۹ãͷתѰ˼βܰһѡ
ۿһһ֮ʣִһɫȻһͳ䲻Ĳ˽ɫ޽֮ϡ
һſڣҧסս޽Ľʼսϵķɫ޽ɿС෴ɫȴԽǴ


1334 ħʬ
ۼĻɫһ䣬ֽ
սĽɫâɢ»Ϊ˽ɫСģಡһɫĲƣɻԡ
̶Ƭ̵ĹսɢĽѾ˲٣ƺܵһˡ
Уһۡ
Сģⲻһɷ⣬Ѱɷûôǿ֮ħ
ɫһ˲תͷ
õĴЦһſһ⣬û˾ڣǴ˲٣֮ðֻצ
ȻΪһɫƸצ˹
ָһ㣬ս˽֮˵ǰһʱ𻡵Ϊһɫߣ費ͣ
˫һģ֮£ȭͷƻʵĺ˳ȥ˸ơ
顱һ죡
׹ȭݺݻɫͷ
ɫڽɫ£Ȼһһɿɲȭͷдһ֮£ڽɢ̶ѿΪɫɢƮ䡣
תֱ£һ漴һŭȡ
ɷ£һһɣɻ귨ԶʤѰɷ⣬˵һзĿǣȴԷش
۹ֽһһ˫͵һţ˹
գֻа׹һȻһԳ೤İɫ̵ɢһ־Ө͸Ĺâ
һӰ׹˫Ө͸ѩâʮμٶȼ죬һŵĳǰ
ֱֻۺڹһҪȭӭȥʮֵ飬ڴ˿ͫȻһ
⵶⿴Ѱ֪ΪΣȴһּΪΣյĸо
ǧһ֮ʣͺһ͵ջȭͷһӣһɽǰֶ
ƹһɽǴСɢһȦȦĿɫâǰ
һʮѩâ˺ɽĻâնɽϡ
˵һ죡
ɽ͵һ漴·ʯһ㳯ŵȥ˵ϣһΪ޴̳һ¡
ʮξӨâҲɢ˿
һ㣬峯ź󷽵ʮɵľ룬۾£ոȭͷֱӺâ˿ֱֻۿѾܵش
õͺһа׹˫͵һ裬ӨٴνӶļͬʱϻҹһԸֳͷСĻɫͷ
ɫͷһʧ٣һȻֶſɫ棬⣬סȫ·
ߣĿһ䣬һһԻƹȻֳʮһɽ顣
ڵɽҲ֮ܡ
ɫʮɽ϶ȻӿһƬγһƬɫţ档
ɫ֮ͬʱֳʮɫӰ·һһ㣬ܡ
һΣ֮УʧӰ
ոշɫţ⣬㵽˸ǰֱӷɫ֮С
ǳϵûз˿Ϣ·̶һ㡣
һ٣ɫͣûóóȻȥǰŸһΣյĸо
ǷٷιʱǰɫŶȻþ˽ȥ
ÿзһŭȣ͵һ㣬峯ź浹ȥ
ԤУһɫУΣա
ڴ˿̣ΧɫȻתγһʮɴСУһɫϼӴõϡ
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һ֮УиǴ󾪣е֮ĳ棬оռ䶼ҽ
ŭϷת˼£·̶Ҳ
෴޴˺֮ĦϵĹһĻ𻨡
˫׹˫һâΧ֮Уȴţ뺣ûз˿ô
ɫͷѱɣϵѾо
ҺӲޱȣһʱ̻û飬ЩתԺͷת֮
ڴ˿̣ϿӰһӰֶɫ΢΢Щס
ǰ߶ʮɽ飬µһȫµɽӴ󷨱仯ɽƳɶ취֮󣬸ողġ
ΧǰС˺ܶ࣬ȴǿ˲٣ر֮ʵ
ԵģĵķҲ˺ܶࡣ
˿Ŀ⿴еã΢΢һһץ
սĽ֮зɳһģΪʮɴСĽɫ޽
дʣ֮мɫ绡սϡ
޴̲˽ɫĵ绡Ƽ
·֮Уۼ˾͵һΧе֮ԽԽ󣬸޷ѳ
սϲ˽ɫף·һɫ׵֮ûаݣмдʣ麣֮浤ʮ͵һ
浤֮ϵɫӡâһһָϸɫ׵ĸֶһƾס
ôΪĲߣ浤̺һɫӡҲԽ׳Ȼʩչһʱףÿһʱ䣬Ҳżһġ
Ҳսϣɫ绡쳣ҫۣ֮Ҳʱ˱
·֮Уüɫ׵磬˸¶˿־ɫ
ɫ׵ˣ׶в
ĿһһӣƸɫâľ޽ƣһ󽣹⣬ն¡
һ˿һϹâţӲ֮˰ߣ˫ְɫǵâţһ߰˵â
Ŀһִһ
վ޽΢һת͵ؾס·ĵâ
飡
߰˵â·𵰿һ㣬ѿΪӫ⡣
ս֮ԻһģͷĲһʡ
ɫâһһնۿеɫâ͵ɢ
һ̣ͷһᣬͷ­
ȻӲǾȴһħĿǣõľǻûܳ㱻׽
ɫһɣִһվ޽âɢһС͵͵Ĳһķɻ˽֮С
սԭԱЩʧ˿ǿд߶Ҫʱղָܻˡ
ţһְ仯һûΧɫ֮С
һ
ɽӴܿҲɢǰһٴγ˼̳֮С


1335 츳
ڴ˿̣һĲҽ˹һɫӰĳصˤ˵ϣŮ
ɫһ䣬ֻŮ˿ɫâһͷɫ㷢ɢȻǿ֮ĩ
ر֮ϱһִĹì͸Ѫע
Ůɫ˲ԶɫСҲâ΢ɢâסŮȻûʲôôˡ
ЦУѪɫμ˺ŮѪɫì̶ƿѾûжжĺŮȻҪһɱ
Ůһ˿Ҫ֮ʱǰӰһӰǰ
ڹһ죬ѪìӦϡ
ѪɫۿкһƺЩȣһ٣ͣ
㡭Ѫɫһ˵
漴ת׿ԱߣĵϾһ׷á
ŮҲõ״ٿһ˿ɫ
ûãȻһڵħնɱˣѪɫһЦĿϡ
ҲãѪʳˣʱٽĺҲһˡѪɫЦһѪţȥ
޴Цһһӣʮɽٴθֶ
ѪɫһʮɽɢǿѹرŶɽвЩη壬βɵһ١
һӣʮɽâţɫٴθֶ˲佫Ѫɫ棬ԼҲһΣС
Ůǰɫţ֮йâ΢漴ε˼ϵĹìȡöҩȥ
Ƭ֮ɫźÿһЩ
ڴ˿̣ԶһӰɫзɳ
֮Ȼɢ»Ϊʮɽ飬С
ԭڵѪɫãȴһߵһ㣬׷ڵϣѾû˿
սʹɫЩףȡһöҩ£˺ŮһۣƿĿ⣬ߵѪɫõԡ
ŮĿһ΢ջû˵
ַһɺѪɫúãͨħʬر˫Ƕ԰ɫ̵ȻҲѰԺϾоһ¡
ڴʱϺӰһħӰֶ
ͨħʬǣ䱾嶨ȻصҲ߳ƵĹħһ徫ӢЩаտ۳ħˡħϲ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ȻˣϣǰɲҪ֮ǰĳŵ˵һĿ⿴˼̳Χ
ͨħʬ䱻ɱľ͹ڡ
ŮȻҲ֪ԼҲƿߣŮ˵ϣޱ飬˫ںڷͬ
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ŮĿֱһʱû˵
ħĿһ˿ײĹ֮ɫһεĳŮǰ˵ʳĹɣҲغ£֮ǰ²Ҫȡʵ³򡣡
ħ˵˴׿һۣ˿Ҳޣ漴ٺһļ˵ʵҵ֮ǰʳЩСᣬǻʸŻΪ˴˴ؾ֮˳ʶֻίһµˡȵ˼һˣҵԻȥ
ǰ˵ˣǺα˵Щ̬ĻŮħ˵꣬仰
֪⻰ʲô˼ħ쵭ʵ
ǰһ飬ҪѱƷҶѾˡŮЦһ˵
ħɫһ漴´˺ŮۣĿ˫ͣƬ̣вֳָһ˿Ȼ
ԭˣ㾹ӵ츳Ǻ컯ħ
츳һֱĬͻȻԵ
νʵһּΪҲΪħ츳ͨӵдͨˣʶΪǸŸƣҲܹݡħ쿴һۣĽ͵
һ˺ŮһۣĿ΢
˵츳ãŽ츳߾ߣ˫һ䣬֮е뷨ħ˫۶źŮм͵
Ȼħ첢û˵ȥȴ𶯲СŮȻѽ츳ľأʶԵʱ򣬻֮ǰĶԻ
һˣŮĿ⣬Щ仯ֻ˿ɫδ¶
ȻŮѾǵĴ㣬㽫ɣǳʲô¶ˡҪ֮ʱֱѪɡħһɭȻ
ͷһ̧Ĵƹһ֮£ֳһŻɵİ͸Բ飬ɽ顣
Ҫ֣Ů£ȴ˵һħüͷĻ
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Ůȴ˫ĿһС
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ĿǰŮԣƺ֪ʲôһ㣬вɵҲЩŽɡ
СӣŮ޵ĺҪǣɱ˵ħâһȳ
˵Щʲôȴħ֮Էδţͣжƽ˵
ע⣬ΪҪһ֮Ѫ֮ڣҿʱ죬ֱӶȡĿȨɡŮתͷһԵħ죬Ц˵
һɺԣħһڷϵ
˵Щʲô֤ݣźŮޱʵ
Ǹ²ŵĻǾ;ܽѺʱͷٿ˵ǲԡŮȴһͦţȻ˵
Ҽ˵ȥʵҿԷһе˵һתɽ˻ȥ
㡭ħˣϾŭ֮ɫһţ漴粻
˽⣬Ȼ˵ˣ˵ʲôȻҲͽ֮١
ǱûǴĻħ˵ҪΪѪƷƿһưɡŮ˵
ˣȻҲʲô
ħֻ˫ĿһĶŴŮû˵
ʵҪģԨ֮أħԨеһر쾵ɡŮ˵
쾵ʱһ˿֮ɫ뵽ħǼ취챮
ǺŮԷĻӦӵĳֹ
һˣ۽ƳһԵħһۣɫȻûгԷϣ˼ֲ²⣬ĿһԨħԨ
ħĵͼ֮Уûἰ


1336 Ԩ
νԨ֮أָʵħԨһ򡭡ŮƺԨħԨһ֪ϸһԨΣգֱԲ䡣
ˣתѣ
նԷ˵Ԩ߲ȴ˴гΣնֿԸġ
ħԨ֮ͨħͨǷҲû֪֮ввٱ쾵ҪһرҪȡô˱ȷʵҪĳѪҪѪƷʲôħѪΪ֮ˣӦ˵ҪϹħ֮˲ŶԡŮһ˵꣬͵ķǳϸ
ȨνУֻȡΣܻ
Ϲħ꣬ǺĿ΢΢һħһۣŻʵ
йش£Ҳ֪֮١ֻ֪Ϲħ봫еĹħйأ֮УħзӡϹʱǿħľǣżһЩϹħΪһЩԵħ磬ٵħ½ħϡħӵϹħ֮ӵһЩϹħļ䣬ٶԶˡû´Ļߵħ֮꣬һŮ˵ҲصĿħһۡ
ħ쿴ŮĿ⣬ޱȡ
Ůηֱħ죬õ۳ŵأ建վ
ȻأһʱĻָѾ˲٣жѾް
ޱ飬ħͺŮ仯жϣŮ˵ʮа˾ġ
ħ첿֮Ҳ˵֮䣬ҲΪϹħ֮ˣ仰˵ҲһϸļƷ
ȻħһֱһЩٶܹˡ
뵽ɫһתʵǻ쾵ô£
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Ǵ˵챦Ļħ첻ϧ۵ҪȡãҲ˵ùȥˡ
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ħǰ˵ˣдҳΪȡļƷɣ̾һתħʵ
ħĿһֱӵͷ
ȻˣҲûʲô˵ˣ¶Цݣһ̧
Ҳԭȷ˼һж˵ˣȻ˼ƻˡħüͷһ壬Ųæ˵
һЦҲشֻǵһӣдʣһɫģ۳һϼ״ħС
Ҫϴӡңħ쿴Χĺɫģٺһǰڹһ֮£һħƾո֡
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˿֮Ȼžһɫ绡˫֡
Ůɫһ䣬æԱ߷ˡ
ѵҪڴ˶֣ħ۾һУ˵
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ĪҪˣ˫ͬ壬ħԼڣǻɱңôħüͷ˵
ģҲɱ㣬ֻҪħɢĿһеĽɫ绡Ȼ۳һŽɫħֶ¡
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кһȻһɫħֲ
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ħ־һ𣬱ڹ
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ջѪ֮û⣬ҪɽȫƳɶ취ҪĲ̫࣬ǽֽˣҲɽ֮áħ쿪˵
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ͷʶֽһɨϴβԪĲϻʣ಻٣ȱٵĲ֣ҲѲ롣
Сʱ֮󣬼̳֮϶һɴСѪɫ󷨣ϥ֮С
Ů˿ڲԶϥϹ˸ԹԵڻָϵơ
ħվڷ֮⣬ħ֮Ϻš
ϵԪ˹âת
ħдʣħ֮ȻֳѪɫâ
Ԫ֮Уϴ˿ҲֳһѪ⡣


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ǿҵķԪɢʹôڵĿ˵
ŮͻȻ۾Щ㵵Ŀʩеħ졣
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Ҳá˵ͷ
䣬üͷһһģ󣬳˴
ٲȻһ׹ɵľ޴̸̣ڣƺαɴΪһ㡣


1338 ׷ɱ
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ɫӰ͵شڻɫȦ֮ϣһҵıըһȦȦɫ˷ϯ
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1339 ʥڤ
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ĿһߺϵĺڹһּѰĸо
ߺһ꣬ϵĺڹһΪ߰ʮɳĺɫ˺ħˡ
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֮Уߺ̾Ϣ֮ĿеĺɫСϣֳָһ˿ϲɫ


1340 ħ
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ԨħԨ飬ƺѾ˿ҵ˶ʼӵԨȥһ˵Ԩ֮У±Ԥ֮иѡ
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ħԨؾȻڶ࣬ıȴ٣ÿһضǼĻԵ
ȻüٻƭѻѡͼҲǸոյõ֣δءߺʹЦһȡǿɫ򣬾ȻֱӸ˺ѻߡ
ѻһΪĿ˸ߺһۣ漴ʶ֮̽С
ħ𣡴˵˷ʱڵһͨܣ벻Ȼ⴦ħԨؾ֮У˷ڣȷʵһأѻ¶˾ϲɫ
Ǻǣǲ֪ѻѿȤһͬǰߺʵһЦ˵
ȻбأϷȻԸǰߺյ˴󷽣ȻԸһϷȻǰЩ飬ӦҲͼɣǰ˵ֱԡѻ߽򻹸˸ߺʣĿ΢˵
ѻѻ˿ҲҴˡĳȷʵ󣬲¶ҶһĻԵߺ˵ͳȥʼʹô
Ԩ֮оȻСã벻ѻб̹һʢ˵
ΪԽӵ鱨ҲţħԨؾԶҪºܶࡣߺζ˵
Ԩ֮˵мĻԵΣҲǼ󡭡ѻ߿Щԥ
뻢ѨɵûӣҵǰħԨؾ󱦣شԵܴΪȾ磬ҪٽѾûôֻܼڸֻԵԱѻѵĺϬ׷Զĳ֮ϰɡߺ˵
ѻ¶˳ɫƬ̧֮ͷðɣߺյԲ󣡡
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ħ˵ˣŸߺʵԶȥķ򣬶ǧӱʵ
Ҳû˵ԣӦһͨħˡǧӱҡҡͷ
ûħ˷ʱڵһͨܣʵΪǿᣬǵʱħ½һǿߣ˺Ȼʧ٣ԭħԨؾ֮Сħ
üͷһû˵
ȻбأҲȥһ°ɣʱ仹жࡣδڣǧӱѾ³˵
ΪףԷͨܣİ˸Ҳǿߣֻˣʵ̫⣬ҶԷǾͨ׷ٵĸߺҵˣ֮ǰûзѾǽңȥ̫Σˡüͷһ壬˵
ʵǿôȴСʵȤĺܡǧӱһۣЩ˵
пЦһʱͬȻֻڵΪǾͨرͨΪһ·ϰæЩ³ç嶯ҲȰ
ѵбأȥ̫Կˡģ׷ٽҾˣ֤ᱻߺҵ˷֡ǧӱƲƲ죬ҡͷԵ˵
һ䣬Ů˵ַתĻƹһȻһžӨ͸ĻɫӣӱһȦȦķġ


1341 ޳
ˣ̾˿Ҳû˵ʲô
ħķڣҲЩ뷨ʵ㱻˷֣ûġ
һˣƽĿһƳǧӱеϣԼоƺ̺ĳص
ǧӱ̴дһһֻ𼸸µķ
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ƹѸȥǧӱеȻȡ֮ģȴһͷݷèĻɫСޣһĻƲӲƤë쳣һ˫ռݴĴ۾о֮
ǧӱ¶˳Ŀ⣬ḧһС޵ë˵Щʲô
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ǧӱƺèСһ㡣
κ󣬴Ů̧ĿһۣһɻӣЦһ˵֪ʲôǾ꣬ȻΪֻҺڣȴħӦΪᵽвһ˿һħֻҪڣЩܵĺǣǶԶԶ棬õıǲ
ԭˣ˵ͷ˵
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˿̣붴ʮĻҰ֮УһֵӰֶӰֳ֮ǧӱӰ
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֮¶֮ɫŶѨ
֣ߺʵѾ˶ߣҪνȥߣǧӱãвɵЩʵ
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ȻѾٵȻľʹȥֻǶڴħȴǸ鷳ܹ˲ɱˣҲѱߺǺѻûзӲ˵ѶӶ¶Լ١
ˣЫһ뷨ܹ˽ȥڴʱߴЫ
һ⻰һ

ɽȶԱߣߺ֮һɫۣüޣòмӢΪҲڵӣĹ۲ΧĶ
Ȼûܺ͸ߺһͬ붴ߣʽüӲеź
Ըأ֮Σأ˵᲻׵䣬ܹҲǸߺ˺ôԲһݡ
ڽüֹʱԶҰ֮һ˻ƺħ޺УѸٵĳ߿˹
üɫһ䣬Χĵ洫һ죬漴ǰԶ͵س߷ѿСɽʯǵصĳŶ߿ڵ˼
һѻһħҲɫһݣΪֹ˻ûпǺ


1342 Ǳ
ѻߵ³һ棬ͣһԵĽüӻҪǿһ֣һ̻عһεĵ˶С
йâһһѺɫȣɢ˵ķȻһɶõħ
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ڴʱһɫӰɽײһģ֮ͣ˰֮УȻһͷʮɴСɫЫӶһ˫ħ˻вͣ
龪һԭһͷڵľЫħްˡüһΣħԣǰɫЫϴ˿˵
Ī⣬ЫҲǱ˵ħ裬СΧǱ͵ϮħĿ⳯Χɨӣл˵
ħ˻δ䣬еɫЫѾֱ˹δɫβһиʮɫϸߣħƿתۼ㵽ǰ
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ħɫһ䣬Ϻڹţ֮ϸֳһ׺ɫսףסȫ

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һߵĺҲһ鰵ɫĶƷǰȫĵˮ©
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ħ˴һϺɫս׹âţ۳һɫ֡
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һߵĽüҲһͷϴ˿״ɫâü档
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ħ˱ըķ籩ըʮԶܿס壬ЩͷûܵʵԵ˺

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ЫйâһͷĽһգսˣ𽥳Զɳ۶ȥ

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һ·֮ϣѾ˲ĺɫޣ󲿷ֶѾǰĸߺңѻߵ˻ɱ
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һ·֮ϣǰĸߺҵ˽Щ޶ɱȻһֻ©֮㣬Ҳޱȣһ·ûлѶ


1343 ڤ
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еһЩƣأ޶ǰһ飬ߵΪɡ
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һˣٴλ֣ſɽҲ˳ڤ֮Уʼװˮ
ſɽȻûƳɶ취ڲҲѾһЩռ䣬Ҳװڤ֮ˮ
һʱ䣬ڤˮ棬Сʮзɿתڤ֮ˮ
ܿ죬ʮɽڲռѾװʹڤӵĺ涼˲١
ϲɫдʣִƹһʮɽɳ˺棬ɻС
涼װڤ֮ˮԵʣʮɽ˺ܶ࣬ǰ΢Щ͡
ҾƣɽˣӦûǰǿ˱
ڵ伮֮ƺڤ֮ˮӦǾڤеˮʲǣΪȡôڤ֮ˮħ壬ƺû̫ôǣǧӱľٶЩɻʵ


1344 صڤ
ĳĹЩ⣬дڤ֮ˮศĻԴﵽ°빦֮ЧԱȡһЩԱʱ֮裬Ͼħ½пٵôˮġÿɷ˵һ䣬ֽʮɽ
ǧӱ˼ĵ˵ͷû˵ʲô
ǰƺûжͨˣѻߵӦߵġĿ⳯ڤǰȥ˵
ڤڵĿռһ޴ޱȵĵͨͨԶ
Ӧñˣǰƺûʲôǧӱһü΢˵
ĿĵӦòԶˣµ·̣ǾСһЩĿ⳯Χһ󣬿˵
ʱ˼ڤǰȥСĸ·ߵĺ
ʱǰڤ֮ϴĴ̹֮ǰֹڤ֮ˮĺֱҪ˵Ĺ趼
ıڤǾھڤڤ֮һô̶ֳ꣬ȵȻǲʲô
ǧӱȻб׻壬ȴҲʼЩܲסˣɫЩ࣬Ҳʼ
ŮҲΪӲƴעϵĵɫУǲĸ
ȻˣŮڷĹ󣬲ͨ죬һģ
ǰ棬ƺܵҲûлͷһƬϯڴŮɿһλ֡
ЩХ紥ֺ󣬾ĺ档
һȻѸͣǧӱǿˡ
Щ󣬼һԵĻǰ
ǧӱɫɣɫЩӵĿıӰһۣû˵ʲô
ŨԵʣڤʬҲ֮࣬󾳵ĸ߽ڤޡ
ֳļȻڲǰҵ
˴ԼһӺǰһӵĺ
ǧӱһۣӿ˽Ų
ʱǰȻһ
ֻԶ˶ߵľͷһ鿪ռ䣬ֻǶĿ֮ȻһƬڤ֮ˮ
ˮƬƬڶ𣬲׷׵Ŵ붴Уʹö߾ͷΧұڣ˺һɫ
֮ǰĺǴӴ˴Ҵ˿Ѿĵز
ɫһһؿڣһ֮£ǧӱһͬκϢ󼸸£ϢǱ˶һʯ֮
͸ʯǰһš
⴦ռǧ֮㣬ٲȻһɭɭĵ磬봦һƬǧɴСԲС⣬ããڤ֮ˮ⡣
˿̣ԲСһ㵭ɫĻ֣ơ
СİУߺʼѻߵȶֶħСΧм䣬ħϣɫ֣ħɫϼ಻ıѺХ֮мСȥʹû־ҲѣȻҡҡ׹ˡ
Ŀкڹһ͸Ļ֣СϿȥ
С봦һԲμ̳̳Ưһֱ߰ɵηɢөө⣬ת
ϥһĸɱʬ壬һɫƤͷ­֪ΪѲɣ¶ļή·Ѫⶼһ㣬±ɫơ
Щ˵ĿȻʬˣ
ûеֵԭһΪߺʼѻ߶ûг֣һ棬ڼ̳ǰΪڤע뷨УʹȻҡβֹǿ֧
ڤÿһɢ󾳵ǿϢ
Ϊ׵ģһͷʮɣͨڣ˶Դڤǣƣ˿ֻѪɫĿĶŰеħˣвƬĺɫΧĻĻС
ͷڤɢϢΪȻﵽ۷壬ƺħԨ֮УΪӦòֹ˵ӡ
ſֱߵģһ߰ʮɴСľ޴㣬ͷβһ¥СĺɫƬһжʮɳĴ죬ϼ¶һſͬСɽݣһͬάŻ
Ŀһͷڤʱͷȴ͵һ
һͷ̷ͷ­˫Ŀ֮ɫϵϢʮֵϤǷɶ˭
û뵽ڤһ𣬾ȻħԨ֮ΪȻﵽڡ
־ϲȴ˿ɫδ¶ͷת
ԵǧӱȴȻǰļս֪Ƿ˷ܣԭЩ԰׵ϣЩ˵ġ
ڴʱԲСİУߺĿ·ɨͻȻ̧ͷ˲Զĺѻһۣ촽΢˼¡
ѻ߻⣬Ŀɫһһָ̧ϴƬ⽻֮֯£ڴֵɫìŴĿâһŵĻСϵĺɫ֮ϡ
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һ̣ĿɿڴһĻˣ
ɫĻ澹ϸֳâѸ֮ɢ䣬ɫȾ˵ɫ
һ
ɫĻ·һ鿪˵âʧˡ
ʧȥ˻֣Сı¶˸ߺʵǰ
Χħ¶ϲɫ׼ȥʱԭſľ޴㣬ͻȻʹһȵĺȻһɫӳϿӿ
˲£ʱһɾϯŵ˳ȥ
ͬʱһѪڣһɵͳϢ˷һȦȦĴ
һ춯صĵͳΧڤ𣬽ڡۡУٸ߰ɵӰ˷ĺɫˮз׷״ܳ
ȴͬɫۼףС㡣
ЩСһϳ˷񱼶ȥͬʱһɫˮ
ɶ˿Ҳ˾Ÿɫ˿ķУħ˷ȥ
һ£ոסεħˣȻһģ׼ЩСͷ­
ЩС󶼲ΪȻܲסħ˵Ĺһʱ䣬ҽ𣬴ƬСͷʬӰ
­ȴڷڻ£Ƶ֣ʹЩħ˹ʴ˲ƣ֮£׷Щˡ
еĺѻ߼Σɫһ䣬д˫趯䣬ţһͷͷɫɺǣѻŹ棬ǵص·ľ޴ȥ
޴ȴЩ޶ð㣬³ڤٻԴԴСͷħ˲һ
ʱ¡¡֮
Ƭɫھ޴㱳䱾ƤЩϣȻʹתۼ俴ˣȴû˵
һʱ佩
ڴʱһǺ
ȴͷڤڰͲסͬʱſ¡¡֮ڰ֮£һƵľ޴ųеĸߺʼȥ
ɫ֮ƬĺɫӰ䡣


1345 ᱦ
ߺʼΣȴһּһӡһֻֻһӡ赭дһָ
ӡʱֶͷһת֮£ɾ޴ȻֳһȦȦĹġ
ţӡɳʮִޱȵİɫ·ȥ
ɫ޴һӱʮɫסоͬʱһ˲䷢һɢ
ţЩɫƲĳ·ȥ
ͷڤǼƲһҪ
Щɫͬʱһ٣Բ˼ٶһӳͷڤΧһģ֮£˴ϡ
ľƾͷڤǿк죬ƴȴ޷ѷֺ
ߺޱĿдʣʮְָĳ·һ㲻ѡ
顱֮
Щɫ׷ױѿƬ׹⣬ɿͷڤû
ڴʱͷڤһ˿ɫмһſڣһöӲӵķġ
ߺʼˣɫһ䡣
δֹɫһŵֱӳСԲμ̳ȥ˲ûη֮С
һ̣˲˼һĻˣ
ηȻʢСҲ֮¡¡
СΪģܵľڤӷŸȻ޴ޱȵУƬξӿҪмսħ˺
ãͷڤǴ߶˴˵صĽƣҪͬھԶĺѻ߼ˣɫһ˵
һΧħ˷׷ɫ
ţ跨Ⱦ۵ߺɫһзһ䣬ӡиִƬ׹⣬֯۳һɫ״֣УΧڤ֮ˮ档
ڴʱԲμ̳ǰӰһΣһɫӰ˴˴
Ƿɶ
̹һͷϷųɫ˿ǰϯȥ
ĿȻǾͷʬ
֮
סʬηȻҲǷڷɶĹ£Ȼ˿
ڴʱǰһֳһɫСһģ£㳯ηȥ
顱һ
ɫһ£汻ͱһȭͷСȱڡ
ֻȱڷһɣ˸£ۿɼٶ
ɶˣͷ̷һȱڴһ룬һѾסʬĴһ֮£ȱǰ˻
ͬʱϷУѻĸħڤˮ£֮յĶ˸ߺſػ֮УħˣȴûܵĺɫУټ
󵨣ߺۼɶ˴͵شһзһߣŰɫ·ȥ
ͬʱֱһһֻɴСİɫ·ƾ۶·ɶڿһĶȥ
һʱ䣬·ԲɵգһŤıѿϼƵΧĺɫˮ˷һɶ·
˿̵ķɶ˷ǺХڤˮУϷǷɿѹµİɫ֣᧿Σ
ǧһ֮ʣһХʮɳĺɫԼͷɫΧĺɫڤˮһܶͬʱϷɫַȥ
ߺʼˣҲһ˿ɫϾһĵһ㡣
ɿѹµİɫּиһɫƣһھֱûʮɫ
ɫֶʱͳɲǼ䣬һɱ֮ǰӴѹĴӿ
һ֮Ӷ
ʮͷ˿ûеֺֿıֱɢƬĺڹ⡣
Ȼδȸߺ¶ɫЩڹ⾹һķһӽɫּߺʵڵİɫϤС
ͬʱһɫӰһԵһųһһѾס˷ɶһû˺ɫУӰ
ٶ֮죬ʯ
һ̣顱һӰд
еĺɫʱڽɢðƬİ׹⣡
׹һٴ¶ɫеĸߺʵˡ
ֻǵ¿ʱɫϵͷʬ⣬ȴﻹзɶӰ
ƺ˻ȸںˣѻ߷޷޲ƽ˵
˵ϢЩϤˣƺǵɱҹ֣û뵽ڴˡһԵĸߺȴԹԵ

Ƭ̺󣬵֮ͨС
Ӱɿĳųڷɱȥ˺󷽣ȴˮƬɫˮˣϵĴӺ׷϶˿̾˲ʮɾˡ
ˣȻǧӱˡ
֮ǰĽƱ⴦ͨҲƬڤ֮ˮ롣
˿ĻУһͯӣȴǻΪεķɶ
ͨϵ˷ɶͷԸɶŻʬϵĴ
ʱȣһ·֮£δͷɶ˵ϼ仰
˿һˣַһɺս˻«С
¸£סǲþⶴߵĻáˣôЫһһأ˭ɶ뻯«ȴ¸´Цĳֲ
пЦһɶΪ׵󾳣ô㺢Ҳûȫ߶ݹ⡣
ƣ˿̾붴ѾûԶˡ
ǧӱȻǿܸϣѾǽЩˡ
Ŀһĵһӣлâ˸һŶɽ顣
зɿɽϻâţһ¾סǧӱ塣
ǧӱзһһ̣ʧ٣սɽռ֮С
ɽռ֮мװڤ֮ˮֻٲֿռʣ࣬ǧӱզһռ䣬ЩˮҺʱס塣
ԹеĳҪȫɶݣʱɽռ֮аɡǧӱ
ǧӱ΢΢죬һû˵ʲô
Ҳ֪˿ǻ棬Ҳֻĺȣ»вСΣա
ɽ飬Ϸɫâ˲仯ΪһӰ
ӰһӶڴɶݶ
ˣ
ڴĺɫĻ̷˴ĿĹâ˵
˿̣붴߲Զ֮⣬Ыںħˣüֹ
ڴ춯Ȼ㲻ߵ۾ħɫһ䣬Ыһģ˶ڴ
ʶһɨ֮£ȴȻ֣ﾹһոʲôõĽơ
Ыˣȴֳһ˿ϲɫû˽üӵһιɿСƹһ˵֮£ʧټ
üɫһ䣬ʶɢЫڵص£Ծ˵ٶȳԶǱӶȥܿɳʶӦΧ
ɫЩѿĿħˣֻԷ˿ɫҲЩࡣ

˿̣붴ǧ֮⣬Ыӵһһӷɵ˰֮С
֮һ󲨶ֳһɫӰ
һѱסЫĽзɳһڽɫСһǴ塣
ԽĽɫס壬һֲٶȳԶ۶ȥ
һɫ
һչɫâӳĶٴС֮࣬һģ֮⣬һʧԶ


1346 ħ
һ·ȫɶݣҲ˲;Σգһֱɳ֮ңŶݹһյͣһɽ֮С
һ£һһ̸С
һ̻ʮâһŵķ׷Χ֮ϣӰ
һִڹ⡣
ΧһһɫĻƾոֶƬɽԲɷΧ档
ɫûʲôڲԳһ磬ڸϢֹ׷ȴΪ
Щ˿
ߺһó׷٣˿Ĵ⡣
İɣħԨؾͨڵӦкܴãӳôԶߺ޷׷ٵġħи֡
ĿһûʲôӦĻ«һЫͷɶӰ˳
ˣ­ѾΪͯӵ̬һͷɵԣס½ǣһȵӡ
ǶһԵЫ˵ͷɶţ¶һ˿ϲɫ
֮ǰҲû뵽ɶ
ˣˣл㡣Ыɶȵģһ˿ʵɫһ˵
­Ы˸ŷſ
ţոΣҲûüʣɶ㲻ھڤ֮ô˵ͷ¶ɻ֮ɫ˵
ڴ£㼴ʹʣҲҪ˵ġ
­Ц飬󣬼˵뿪˺󣬱㱻ٻһŹɽ֮СΪͨ壬ħͷһϵȻĵãָ֮£һʮڳɹ۳ط࣬󾳽硣ﵽ󾳺̻صߣǷȴһֱ԰ٰɲ뿪ɶ˵¶ߵ顣
Ŀһɫ΢
ô뿪ģħԨؾ֮УЫע⵽仯һԷ­ʵ
֮ǰǸпʬ壬ʵǷϼһܾǰħ½֮ĳƺɺ󣬱㷵ħԨ¸ƺ˵ʲôħԨ٣ԲŽңͷڤǺͷءɶ˵
ʲôŴԣʱɫһ
ħȻǷ棬ȫԤϡ
ҲǲܣħħԨؾһ˿Ե˾֮أת˷档
ħʬڵĶߣرǾڤħԨ֮ͬ
Ҳҿɵ治֪ʲôʱܻصԡɶ˵һЦ
­Դ¶һ˿Цݡ
Ѱ˷­ħԨؾֶһ֡
̸ֻ˼䣬㽫ս˻«һӣһâ˸һŶɽ顣
ִһɽΧѿһ϶ǧӱ˳
ǣǧӱΧһۣЩȵʵ
Ǵ˿Ѿӳ˲̵ľ룬ӦѾȫˡ΢΢һЦ
ǧӱŴ˻ɫһɣ漴һۣ¶һ˿ֵɫ֣֮ǰǶ֮еķ­ħͷƺ˰ѣĪȱǲȥģ
Ƿ­ȷʵҵһħ裬֣ҲЩҵϡؾĵ˵
ǧӱԸ˵Եɣü΢΢һЩգҲûзӡ
ʵǿᣬԽԽֿ͸֮УϽշ­ĳָһƺʱض˺֣ıϣǻħҲԶԶ
Ը˵ˣǶеõĶô˵ҲҵһݰɡǧӱһȻ뵽ʲôһ㣬һת˵
Ȼ˵ţһȡ˴ħʬĴִһ

϶һѶ
ǧӱԭԴڴ˷ܵ飬һϵĶ϶ʱ¶˼ʧɫ
ϵһѶȴǴЩħһЩϣƿ
ĶѾ࣬Ѿʧȥԡ
ɫһҲ¶ʧɫ
ƺãҲѹ֣ħ֪Ƕǰˣʬ֮УʱһЩȻˡҡҡͷ̾˵
ǧӱɫЩѿβߺҵѰ⣬գȴ̵ֻһͭвɵŭ
ҲжˣмáڵϷһЩƿĵҩѾΪ˳ħҲѾˣмӦûãЩʯϵǻá
һҵ˼õĶ
һɫ̵һɫƣһЩƵĻɫ״ķ
ľʮɫʯˣӦöϧ֮
Щˣ˷һ°ɡ̧ͷ˵
ǧӱĿڵϵĶһӶ¶˳֮ɫ
Ŀ΢̵ͶûʲôѰħѣǻȴһ취ԵģȻýֽˣΪɽ֮á
˵˴ζ֮У󲿷ֳֶȡƣһЩʯͺˣĶøְɡǧӱ˵һ䣬ַһϹ⣬ɫƺһֿʯ
Ŀһ˵ͷҲûпֽսֽУ漴˿ܣ֮ǰսĲ٣ǾϢһٸ·ɡ
ǧӱͷߵһȡöҩȥԹԴ
ˣԭϯض
ֵһ취ȻѾƣò˵ǲ֮ǰǸ׹Ƭ㹻ʣµЩɽ֮ˡħ˵
ԣ̲סһϲ˿ɫδ¶
ħԨеħΪŨʺϼǷҪ̿ʼħʵ
ˣھħԨûжʱˣ뿪ؾ˵ɡƬ̣˵
˵ҲǣɽʱЩԨΣպܶ࣬һЩʵҲǺõģǱʱһɡħ첻֪ΪΣһ̬ʼΪ˵
Ŵԣɫ΢䣬ʵ⻰ʲô˼
ٺ٣Сᣬ˵Ǳɫ̵ûĻӦħ½ѾħƶɵģҼǵǰոոյõ˲ټƷħ꣬ϣƳһħˡħٺһЦ˵
Ŀһħ֣ڹżϿһִеʯħʱֻҪһ㣬ܱ֮쳣ֲ̣ħ½
ڹż϶ҪħҪߵ¶ȣֻͨܵĵУѵҲ𣿡Ŀ⵭Ĵ
㲻õģ֪ԨһطһħԴħͨڵĵҪ֣㹻֮ˡƴ̲ӣʱҲ㹻ġħ󣬽˵


1347 ħħ
ãȻǱͷָˡһ˵
Ǻǣ˵˵ħа˿ǺЦ
ʱǧӱϢһֱ˷ָ˴󣬲˽ƣԨɶݶȥ
ͬʱħ㶴ڵɽ֮УһŰɫŴӶһƮƮһյϡ
׹ȥ¶˸ߺʼѻߵӰ
ӳ֮ʱѻһƺʧһˡ
˿̣˸ߺ⣬˿ЩͷģɫҲ̫ÿ
ԭڶħˣü˼ˣæӭȥ㷲֮ɫ
ߣ棬ѵȻ˻˽ȥ֪𣿡ߺɫһ䣬ʵ
ġħ˺ͽüӶһۣ֮ǰһĻ˵һ
û뵽СӾһֻ󾳵ħ裬ЩСˡߺԣĿ΢
ߺ֣ӵĲԶӦûҵټɡѻһ˵
ɫҲΪѿ˻ȸں˭ҲãõħǾʬҲûа
ʧ˱ȴԵЩˡ
ҵˣħĴػвջ
ҸոѾԹˣϧѾɳܸӦķΧˣϾڴ˵أҲ൱һ۷ѡߺޱ˵
Ϊ֮£ʵɱߺҹĳԹһ㣬Ȼúͺѻ˵ˡ
ѻɫһˣҲֻϵùˡ
ħԨȥһڴ롣
οǻиΪҪҪȥ졣
һڴͣ˰ʱ󣬱ٴλݹ⣬Ԩȥ

תۼ䣬ħԨѾȥµʱˡ
һƬӲ֪ɽɽһħԨΧ򣬶һߣǴƬƬĺɫӵأ·֮ߡ
㹻ߵĸ߿¸Ļȴ֣ᷢƬɽмΧһƬ˶ޱȵԲ
Բ֮Уĺɫ
ԶԶȥͷ·һ޴ޱȵĺ򣬱һԲС
޴ĺɫħԨеĽأħ½ŷɥԨ֮ء
ڴʱԶߺȻйһһݹ⣬۵糸ɫ߷ɶݶ
һڿԿݹеӰȴһһŮ
еòͨɫ΢ڣʮģ
Ůһͷ˳Ϸռͷһɫӡǡ
װǧӱˡ
˾һɽۣ֮ĺɫ򲻹֮ңˡ
ԭԨ֮أƹȻ׳ǧӱվκ󣬿һⷭĺɫĿͫһ˵
ûнӻĿͬǰԶĺɫüͷ΢΢
Ȼʶ޷̽ĺɫ֮һ̽ȴܸܵһɹ֮ϢЩ֮ӿĵһֲ̫õĸо
ʱȻɫһĳ֮ƤĦһ㣬ڶʮܡ
ǰɫҷһֻͨ峤ɫëͳʱƽ״Ĵз˳й쳤ϡ
˫Ŀ΢΢ֻϢȻﵽ󾳡
СģʬգԨΧһִ弫ΪӲöԸġһԵǧӱһ䣬һȡƶ̹һ𣬶̹ð档

һɷ˵һΣǧӱǰС
һſڣһźڹѿڶͬʱַһߣһ֡
ڹһɢһڳɫɵϲһĺɫ·ơ
ɵһ̶Ϊһ⣬ӭ˷ʬա
ʬһ˫Ŀ׹һ˫͵һȣʱһڵ绡ŰɫУ˫䵯
ĺڰɫͬբĴӰӿǧӱǰһƬռȾ˺ڰɫ
ۿɫɵҪЩ绡֮ʱȻһһ̾һ¸ʬͷݺݵһն¡
ʬһ̶ſڷһֽУȫƬĺɫëͬһһ㣬ʹԭƽĴȻһȦ
һĦ
ʬյë׾ֽͬһ㣬ɫɵ裬һɵƲֱӴӴͷ­һڴֵѪֶ
񷢳һ춯صĹֽУ޴ȴֱ̱׹ȥգۼû˹֮С
ʬһ˵ڰ׹â˲Ȼֹ˵ڰɫâɢС
һУһɫɵתأС
еɫɵһۣ¶ɫ
ɵħħɵֻʱƶɵħħУȻûսӰȥٵٶȺͷ̶ȣȴƿһЩӲʹҲΪӦ֡
֣ҿԨ֮쳣ڽ룬ٵϰ£ħԨһаɡǧӱ䣬㽫һͷħնɱзһ⣬һŵĲ˵
Ҳáһ߷ɫɵСк󣬱ųʶɨ
κһһݹӷ嶥ڿշ𣬲䣬ʧããȺɽ֮С

ͬʱڲһɽ֮ϣվʮӰֳ֣һ󲿷ɫۣʳ֮ˡ
ʸǺͿ׳ʸٶһˣϴžǽɫΣڣ½ǵ׺ŷӵĻƣƺĳַơ
˶ͷϸֳ˵ɫƣ·ǽɫƬɵһ㡣
ħ½ڴˣȻܹϳǴ½Ĵ֮УΪ͵ϼ塣
˵ͷ֮ˣһֻʮĽٸͷϵĽɫƱԴִ˺ܶ࣬رǶͷΪܼէһƺɫǻơ
һʮ˶Ԩ֮ɫƽϼ˿ȴЩ
ϣ˴Ԩ֮УҪλæˡΪ壬ΨңǺܿҲ˰֣ʮа˾űǿңʱȻ˴භλҵȵסҵ˾ˡʸתԽٸ˵
ȻѾӦ˺λ֣Ȼгŵħʴ˴Ӧö굤λº۳ɰܣҪǵ֧Сٸ΢΢һЦ˵
ٸöԴһ˿֮⣬ڶУͷҲ˼֡
Ȼûеġʸ΢΢һЦ˵
ٸһЦҲٶ˵ʲôתͷȥԨķ֮йâ΢΢Щ˸


1348 Ů
ԨΧɽһɽͷͿҵü߿Ŀ֮Զĺɫ
Ϳ󣬻վ߸ħˣӴңǿ֮ˡ
Щ˵󣬻ԶԶվĸӰȫŻɫĹâݡ
һ·ľ߿һ㣬ɢʬ
κ󣬿ͻȻתһۣо΢
ԴжЩӣҵһֱһж֮ǰĸͻȻСС
ЩֻҰһнħԨģǿȴо˾ʲôѰħˡ
ô㳤϶λѸȤһʵ
ǺǣλԴǰ֮ƺ첻ԲϷЩ档治ɫЦ˼
㳤ʲôĳ㳤Ϸģ⼸λΪ˶ԸʳصֶΣȻ֣¾Իٳǽ㳤ϲ˽䱸ġ̾˿˵
ԣÿɷĵһЦ
ħԨĿʱ䣬Ӧûвһµӣǲһζڴ˿ݵȣҸȫĵطúһʱΪá飬ֻת˻⡣
˵ͷƬ֮һʮ˳ԶԨķɶݶȥ
һ뿪֮ã֮һ֣շһԷֳֿһɫӰȻŷ顣
û뵽ЩҵˣҺǰмŷ˵һ䡣
ŷ˿̿ЩңһЩѪԨΧһ·ϳ˲ٿͷ
û˿ηɫĿ⿴Ԩиֳһ˿
ֻҪܵõǬ׻ڵħ
û˺֮ǣ跨ص½ȥɳ
ŷһˣֲ֪˻ȡһɫˮһŮӰɳ
ˮɳӰӡˮ֮С
ŷ鿴ɳԼӽһ޶գиֳһ˿Ȱɫܿҡҡͷָ侲ֽˮ
ҿһۣдʣϸֳһɫ·һ壬ԶϢļ۶ȥ
ɫҲ֪Ǻα֮ʱҲûɢ˿Ϣ
ˣոЩͿҵվһħƺĪǺʲôϵɫ֮Уһ͵͵ૣһɫ֮Уʧ١

պ󣬸ߺռͺѻҲԨΧԵƺЩƣۣ·ովһսûü
ԽǿԨħȻԽû뵽ȻһȺеضЫѻɫҲЩףµĻԶ˵
һͬħԨˣ˿̽ʣһˣһӦѾ;С
ߺռħڶʧһ⣬˿̵˸ڸߺ󣬲һϢЩȣȻѾˡ
νݶЫħ½Ϲ֮ʱľħ֮һͲײгԣ綾ɳиȥ硣
ϴЫóϢͨһ֮£Ҳпˡ
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˶ЫѾû뵽ǻڴߺɫҲÿ
ʮ˵Ķ飬ֻʣˣһ˻˲ˣνʵ
ߺյѣҵȽô죿ѻʵЩ֮⡣
ϣܾʹ֣ҲҪһ̽ԨеõϢħԨӦûһʱ䣬ڴȺúһָԪȣߺɫһȻ˵
˷ħԨ֮вûԸõرʧһˣȻʹ˻ȥȻܵͨϵĳбȻλ󽵣ҲҪԨһЩô
ѻɫһһ粻
ѻѵʹеԸߺʵ˵
ѻüͷһ壬ɫһ˫Ŀ΢΢

Ԩ֮һ֮ϣվӰΪ׵һɫŮӣĿ⿴Ԩķ򣬲֪Щʲô
ȻٴΣȻǵãŮ֮ǰħԨǸŮӡ
ŮԵȴһһŮοܣһͨ޵Ľɫһȴͨī̡
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ΧȻʮֻߴħ˿ȫƶǣеʬ˺룬ޱȡ
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ŮӣȴǸɸɾ˿ѪԵֻܵȫմѪȻЩħﶼǱֻܻɱġ
ΪֹѾжԨˣŮӺ΢΢ףʵ
ˣҵī̸ӦѾԨʳĴˣңҲڡīɫ˫һ˵
ǾͺãŮĿһ˵ͷԶĺ
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ˣˣ»һҪ棬Ǹ˿ҲħԨ֮УҲԨīɫܿ˵
Ůԣмֶˣü棿
ǵģǸƺʩչĳָıòҲı˺ܶ࣬һʱûвʵݣ֮ǰ߶īʱӦЩϢȷݡīɫܻ˵
һԵĽɫ֣ĿҲ΢΢һ
ôҲħԨŮü˵
ǷΪĴڻӰ£Ȼˣǰȥ˻ɱīɫܵ˵
أħԨڼʱҪ֦ˣԺйעжɡŮ󣬿˵
īɫܴӦһû˵
ŮĿһ˸ƺڿʲô

ʱܿȥ˰£·ǱԨûκζ
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źɫԨеĺɫţҺܿɢϡ˼֡


1349 çħ
ԨеһǱڸƴĸ·Ħȭ
ԨΧĳƬܲɽϣһϿӰһֳǧӱӰ
ħԨ㿪ˡǧӱԶĺɫоâ˸
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ǧӱԣɫ΢΢һ䣬˻һۣͬʱâݹ⣬
ݹڰлһߣһͷǰĺɫ֮С
ֻǰһڣ˷ȫһƬ޷ΧľŨħʬ˷ϯ˷·ڤһ㡣
йɫ⼸ħѾ˵
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ħ½ΪĹϵ෨٣Ҫȹ㶾ΣõķǾͨ
ǧӱɫʱԨĸ·Ҳ̷ɶݶȥſ˸ɫâȫһͷ֮С
ԺӰһֳħӰһ֣˻챮
ҰɫĹâɢ۳һ֣ڳ˶档
챮ĻҰɫâΧḻ́Ϥߡ
ۼ˾ĿһȻ챮ΧĺȻὫȫиħϣͷһһʱ𻡵ΪһĽɫߣͬһ׵һ㡣
׵֮ħʬвСĿãд˻壬ڴ˵Ȼ뵣ˡ
һԵǧӱ֪ʱҲѴǼɫףڣȻҲ׼
ȻˣǴӴŮĿؼɵ
ħۼ˾ĿһкٺһЦ˵ֻǽԨ֮صĵһ㿼ѣڴ˺ķ̫෨Ļ¾Ҫˡ
лѣĻһ䣬ȴûн׵
ķԣЩȻ㲻ʲôˡ
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ħЦ˼û˵ʲôǼ߶챮ͷŴƬҰɫϼ⣬άŻ֡
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ĿһſһɫӨ⣬ħħС
һͷʬձնΣʬ巭֮С
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ȥһ·ϣ˻˲ٵĶеħϮԨԽħûԽƵӡ
Ҷû̫ħ󾳴⣬಻浤ڵĴڣȴǲ١
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ͨƷЧħħ֣ЩħȻмһˣͶ㴦ˣûеʱ䡣
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ִӰǰȻ޴ѹѹ˹ʹöɳʮԶ
ͫһ֮Ϲ˸ով޴ӰǺӰ֮ϲڴСĺɫƬǺӰƺĳ־޴ħβ͡
Сģçħߣʬħħ֮һߣħɫһ˵
üͷһ壬Ҫ˵Ĵ䣬һסǧӱ壬ţֻɫᣬ͵һȣ˻һâǰ۶ȥ
ոշɳ˲䣬һֻ޴ޱȵͷովĵط޴ҧա
ͷðһϸܵ亹ɫϾһԲϺţٴ˽롣
ǧӱ԰ޱȣԹԵıţûͼѡ
𣡡һ޴ͳĴӺ󷽵ĺдѸٵ׷˹
ɫһ䣬ϺڹⶸȻһʢһ̣һΣ˻ΪһģһӰΧͬķɶݶȥ
ಡһǰһǧӱӺɫз˳ȥǰһƬЩߵľ޴ƽԭ
һݹ˿ͣԶɶݶȥ
ˣçħ߲뿪ʬħ׷ġħ쵭Ŀ˵
ַɳһξ룬׿Զĺɫûжͣ
ǧӱɫһ죬æ˳һԡ
ոʲôħȻ˾޴󣬶Ϣ̫£ҵĸоԶԶǰκͨڡûǧӱħ죬ʵ
ħѾ֪Ƭд˶ãѾʮˣѳ˰ħʬĴڣȻ֮ħйâһ˵
ͫһиֳȻ顣
ͨڣԪҲ꣬ʮ꣬ǾֻϹħһˡ
û׷վ·
һƽһųΧȥ
ǰһߵƽԭ֮кѹѹӷ޾һֱ쵽Ұͷ
ƽԭϣ洦ɼһ޴ĺɫʯ⣬ʲôҲûˡ
ЩɫʯһŲеĺУʹƬԭͬһ޴ޱȵĺɫһ㣬мֹ졣


1350 ɫ
ѾԨ֮ˣħԨ֮Ԩλá֮ǰ߶챮ĲСȻָһˣͨƬԭٻҰɡУСЩɫӡδڣħ첻ɷ˵һͨ󣬱һεĴŻ챮һڹ⣬ûڡ
ԣδǰǳһº̧ǰһۣ˫ĿͫͻȻâ
κüͷ΢΢һ
ϸ֮£Ƭĵ洦ɼĺɫʯĳֱɵĳֲƺɫŤһȻֱͨ߿յĺ֮С
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ԽƬɫդЩɫʯܼ
һԵǧӱ˫΢˼£ü΢΢𣬿˵ЩʯģֲҴδȻΪֲȴһбϢȷЩŹ֡
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ָЩʯйأǧӱһ̶ɫһ
û´ĻеħӦҲΪЩʯ̾в׷ġ˵
һǧӱɵñΪ֮һݡ
ԣκ󣬴Ůȴƶ̧̹׼˾һɫʯ
һڴŮУƬӹð

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ǧӱһֹͣ˿е΢תɻ֮ɫĿ
ţȥȥ
ֳʱžһ죬׵ĴһӰһŵûĺɫ֮С
ǧӱδʲôʧټ䲻ЩƣعͷֿԶĺɫʯһۣն˶ţ޿κεʱеƶ̹£Ⱥ
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лһͷɴСͨʻɫԳģħΪ󾳳ڵӡ
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ûкǧӱ˵ʲôμ֮£˾ʯɾ봦һеԳﳯɫʯ˳ȥ
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Գϣһ˫ĿһȻ˹
һ̣ԳĿһɨĿ˾ߵĺɫʯȴȻɫһ䣬ͬʲôĶһ㣬һ˻űҪתӶݶȥ
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ֻԭʯΡȻĺɫʯԳð˲䣬ͻȻ˹һ㣬쳣
Ų˼һĻˣ
ɫʯȻԳ﷽һϷԭûеһͷȻԳΣȴһ˶ޱȵĺɫ
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ǧӱʧɫһԵɿһסǧӱ䵽˵ϡ
ʱЩŹֲﶼ˹ڰУĿ̫ԣȻǵ԰ȫһЩ
˸һأǧӱ֪Ƿڽţƶ̹һðƬĺɫħ棬һٴеģ
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л֪ǺͨȻЩҲ޷֪ǧӱ˿㻺漴ɫһϲ˵
ѰϢѣԹˡһЦ
ǧӱһûʲô
Ȼҵ˰취ûмﵢ飬ٴ̽һȷΧЩȷ޷ܵ˺˻һɫӰԨɫդ򻺻ɶݶȥ
ʱ䣬ɫӰһÿúɫджûΧĺɫע⣬ȻҲûܵ
ڷɳɺ㳹׷һɫӰ̴ѸޱȵĳԨȥ
ԽɳۣΧĺɫԽܼ֦ҲøӴִеֱһʮɣɫ֮ҲһɫĻ١
ľͼڴ߶£ɫӰԽȫ֮С
ʱһȥѾ˺ɫСӣ㣬ӦѾɳ˼ǧˣǰɫդΧһСľ롣
˴ĺɫԾһڴˣûЩ趯ֹ
ǧӱһۣڶԷпһ˿
Ԩ֮йȻޱȣҲ쳣գᳵͨҪͨǲܡ
ڴ˿̣ɫһ䣬ǰһĶлħʿȡ
һĲҽдܿȻֹǰԶӡ


1351 ԰
ǧӱˣ΢΢һ
ħˣƺЩסˡǧӱ΢һ£˵
ȹȥ˵һԥзһߣһ֮£ٴϢϢķ˹ȥ
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ֻǴʱߺʼѻ߶⣬ߺһŵħֻжˣѻԵ˺Ȼֻʣһˡ
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Ŀùħ⻨бȻһħˣոҽо䱻ǰġ
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ڴ˿̣ħʬͷӰһֳǧӱӰ
˿ɫ£ͷɫħƹâ˸һӣϷɳһߵɫ󶦡
ǧӱſһھѪһŵɫ֮ϣɫɢǿҵĹâͼâţǷɿֱ۴ϸɫӶмתۼ佫ħʬһһĲڡ
ħʬɫ䣬зŭ֮֮Ϻڹţ
ɫȻޱȣħʬһ֮£Ȼһʱ֮Ѳ
֣Ҽֲ˶ã죡ǧӱɫһƬɷףֽǰͷɫħʬζȻֲ˶ʱ䡣
ۼ˾зɿдʣһۻҵķ
ħʬΧʮɽ飬һת֮£ΪʮɴСɫ޷塣
ֱһӣ޷Ȼм伷ѹȥһײɫħʬΧм䣬ֻ¶һԴ
ɫħʬзŭȣʮɫ޷ʯ˿
ţһӣһɫ⼤һģǴ˶ʮɴС
ħħУ
ħʬһƣɫħʬеŭȸȻһȦϸߣͷ­һᣬµµĹ˵ϡ
һһץħзأ»Ϊ˶̵ģϡ
ḧжУĿ΢΢˸
ǧӱˣҲɴ˿æɫ󶦣ԡ
ѵħйȻޱȣȻϹħʬķҲƳǧӱϿЩ԰ף˵
ǰҲЩµԤϡһȴЩ
䣬ħУִһѹħʬʮ޷׷׽壬ΪʮɽɻС
¡¡һ죬ħʬͬǱɫһصĵ˵ϣ͵һ¡
ĿһɨĿ˵ϵɫްȴһ
ûĻϵỊ̇ڽɰɡ
ڽɰϹʱڵʿɽϵȲϣǺɰħȼֵ൱ֻЩϸܡ
Ǻɰٻǹ֮ħƼἫǿڽɰʹ÷˼ͣ޷ݻ١
Ŀ⽥Щ֮õڽɰ֮󣬼ֵ֮ߣԳԤϡ
һּһŶɽ飬˽ȥ
ֽռޣ޷װ
ϹħʬһǱҲҪ˷ˣҪúǡڴʱħһεĸֶͷĻ챮һƬҰ׹âͻȻ˵ϵħʬ
ڴ˿̣һɺȷڻ챮Ĺâǰס˵ϵħʬϵһߣû챮ųĻҰ׹â˸ա
Զ֣ɢȥֱߵĺ
Ǹʲôħ΢Ĵ˵
ħǰħʬȻǺöͷﶼһģ챮ռҲҪķѲԪǽħʬҵɽռ֮ĺáһЦħ
ħһͣû˵
˵ħʬʲôǳҪģħǰԣ˶ˣ


1355 ħʬ
Сӣ˵⻰ʲô˼ħһ˵
ǺǣǰαװͿ֮ǰҼħħУΪƬ԰ɡħħƳĶзǷʵãÿԿħ֮ʬеɫУһʼ˵
ħһĬȻƺĬ˴¡
˵ǰͷ֮ǰ֮黹ûᣬ˵ʵĳתߣ̤ħԨ벽ĳһЦ˵
ðɣҳħǱģ²ģΪЩħ֮ʬ²Ҫ㲻Ϊħʬ֮еħʬ顣ħ̾˿˵
ħʬ飿ĳŴ˻üһ
ħʬϹħʬʬͷ­ģʿɵ浤Щơ˵ôеʬħҿٻָҶħҲ档ħ컺˵
Ŵ˻Ŀһ˸ָһħлһնħʬͷ­֮ϣ׽ն롣
һУħʬͷ­֮зɳһȭͷСӡ
ͨ巺ƣͬʱҲһƣɢǿҵʬħҲһ˿̴㡣
ǧӱվһԣ֮ǰһӣ֪ںħ콻ûгԴţ˿̿ľٶȴֳһ˿ɫ
еħʬ飬ĵһЦָһʬ黯һƹ⣬ħ졣
Ǻ⣿ħ쵥һеĽħʬУЩ˵
ָһЩʵҲãڵʵħԨ֮иӲá˵
ħٺٸЦ˼Ҳٶ˵ʲôһεûڡ
ոյս̫ǻǿЩ뿪ɡˣת׶һԵǧӱ˵
䣬ΧпʼһЩصĽŲƺǳ˹ȻǱոյս
æһΣŹ㳡һ˷Ӷȥܿ촩˹㳡
㳡һҲһƬƾɵĽҲһϾɵĳǽ԰ȥͨķЩƫơ
ǽߣ԰ħʬķֲû⼸﷢̫ı仯ųǽӦ԰ȫһЩħ˶
Ŀ˸һ£΢һԿǧӱ˵ͷƫתһǰķųǽжȥ
뿪֮󲻵ӣһźӰԶ۶˹㳡֮ϡ
Ӱ֮кȻҺͿһˡ
ĿһɨŵϹħʬɫʱһ䡣
һɳͷʬγ˺ɫȦħʬڱնħʬͷ­﷭һɫѿվ塣
ɶ񣬾Ȼǰ桭е˵
ɫȦ֮У㽫ľٶУйâ΢΢˸
һ·һͷɫʬϢһ·Ҳһ㣬ûб
ֹˣֹһЩ䵥ħʬÿаȣѯԭҲǹŹԴ˸
ɻ֮࣬Щŭֻ԰֮ҪշҲ÷ЩڲΪóȻӦҵĽ飬뵽
ҲѾˣֻһһˡ
¡¡
ΧдؽŲԽԽһ߷һͷʮɸߵħʬֶ˹ȥ
˱ɫȦ֣ϢûɢȻûбͷħʬ
ߣ˿Щޣħʬɫ˿䣬кڹһһɫħ
˾гС֮Ϻڝģ壬Ե̻һЩ׾ͼɢڹ⣬Ȼһɶõ챦
һ֮£ž϶ʱһɫѸޱȵֱӺħʬϣ˳ȥ
ħʬݺײһݰĽϣûˣܿ
һ֮һķ˺ɫȦ֮С
ߣͺһһ̻ΪһӰԶɶݶȥתۼʧ˺֮С

Ȼ뿪Ƭ㳡Ϸһ֪ųǽһӣߵ˾ͷ
һ·֮ûͷħʬл챮Ϣûս
ΧĺɫѾúܵΧҲħʬߵƺҪͨ԰ӡ
ǧӱƺҲ뵽ܣϸֳһĨϲɫ
ڴ˿̣ü΢壬˫΢΢һֳϹ⣬
ôˣˣɵóʵ
ûʲôǸʮ֮⣬սǧӱɢȥ˶ߵϹ⣬һָһ˵
Ӧ԰ˣº޹أǻǿЩ߰ɡ˼ĵ˵ͷЩ˵
սʶǸŷ顣ǧӱĿ˵
ʲôȻɫһ䣬漴һ˿֮ɫ
жϣ˿ƺħʬסˡǧӱ˵
ǻȥһɣŷʵ֣ʵܹǿܶˡ̧ͷ˵
֮ǰŷйԼ֪еĿģ֮ĻȻʲô⡣
ǧӱһҲ˵ͷ
ӿƬס壬ǧӱ֪ķɶݶȥ
һ·ϼûʩУб䣬Ҳ˲ôˡ
ʮľתۼһεһƬߴɫ״ĽȺԱߡ
ȺУ޴ķײԶԶ˳ȥżһನҲһ
Ⱥ룬һϺ֣ںͷʮɸߵħʬü쳣
üһǻ˲Ǳˣŷ顣
ŷսͷħʬѰħʬЩͬ׼ϳ˸ĺɫëֽЩ·ֻԳһ㡣
ͷħʬǳȫħʬǰٶۣŷҪ˦ս
ѣڳ𣿡ǧӱ촽΢
ȵһȣ˵Ŀ΢ص
ǧӱ˵ͷϢ䵽·
˿ս֮ϣŷֳɫԲûӰĵˮ©ͬʱ϶Գħʬ¶
ͷԳħʬ弫ΪӲɫԲϣȻܹ˼޷ɴ˺ֻһΣƹ֮ļ
Ŀ⳯Χһۣиֳɫ
Ѿֻħʬסһˣٲʱ뿪ȵħʬ㲻ˡ
һˣɫһ䣬дʣкɫԲâţٴνͷħʬ˳ȥ
мѿڶȻǿҺڹ⣬ڹһֳۣһ޴ޱȵĺɫħӰа֮ߡ
ħӰͷа˸ףÿһȻֳͬһ޴ֱۣ趯ݣϸ֮ʮȻǰ˻ħħӰ


1356 ط
֮⣬ŷֱ¶Ĳ֣ҲһȦȦɫħǣм
ԶĿŷķӰϣһ˿ɫ
֮ǰڹ㺮ǵĴӣŷֻʩչ˰˻ħĲԶԶڵġ
˿ĸܵɫħӰɢѹоԼһ˿Ȼ
ͷħʬܵŷɢǿҷȴ˿û¶η֮ɫħʬԭûηֺ֮˼㲢õķ˹
ߣ
ʩչ˰˻ħŷƺҲЩ仯һľ޴ħӰһķ˳ӭͷħʬ
޴ħӰֱģ˲ûһƬ֯ӰȻһΪķֱֻħʬ
¡¡
ͷħʬʱеһԵֵľ糱ˮһӿʬַһѶ
ţͷħʬڴһž죬ֱ˳ȥ
һŹŷмٴ
ͷĺɫħӰһţзɳִޱȵĺɫ׷һģһϣתۼ佫ͷħʬס
ħӰкһֱϹâţ漴۳дǹȵȡ

޴ħӰʮֱȻ趯һӰͷĺͷħʬûС
ҽʱܿȻֹ
ŷַһ˻ħħӰɢûУͷħʬѾĿȫǣӲ屻Ķϳ˼أû˿Ϣ
ŷ΢΢ζһ£ɫЩ԰ףȻһʩ䷨ҲС
ȡһöҩ£ڴ˶ͣ嵱һɫݹ⣬Ҫǰ۶ȥ
ߣǸȥĿһкǧӱһҪȥ
ãǰ˼ͷԳħʬǧӱɫһ䣬о
䣬ǰ֮дһֺһ󷭹֮£дܳͷʮɸߵľ޴ӰȻԳεħʬ⼸ͷԶȸոյͷ޴ܶࡣ

ͷ޴ħʬԾɣ̼Χ˹׽ŷǰȥ·ˡ
ŷɫ䣬һתʱķ򼲷ɶȥ
һһ·ֵԶԶûлָͷԳħʬҲδܶԸοͷ
ûзɳԶͷһһֻɴСĺɫħצŹ泯·Ȼץ
ŷɫ΢΢һ䣬۽һƳһͷԳħʬ֪ʱȻ׷
ħʬͷԳħʬһͷ֮ϵĺɫëжһƽëȻߴ󣬵ٶȼ죬μ׷Զ
ŷ֪ȻһΣҪɫħצץ㡣
ڴʱ丽ռȴһżͷξӭͷѹ£䶯һ徹һʱóٻ쳣
ô˼϶ֻԳħʬҲ׷׺ΧٶȱȺȻͷëħʬܶࡣ
ӰһɫħצȻһѽŷץëԳħʬ׹һħצ͵һա
顱һڹ˸ŷֱӱѿ
Գħʬ¶˷ܵɫʱʮ֮ӰһֳŷӰɫЩ԰ףƺԪ˵ӡ
ҵһöɫâһžһѿ
ëħʬһ漴зһŭȣ޴һɶ磬ٴ˹ȥ
ŷĿ˲ת䣬зһߣһ꣬һںɫԲм
ſһѪ˺ɫԲ֮УڻɢĿâҷɿǴءŽëħʬȥ
ëħʬգֻħצһڹ˸ʮĺɫצâץ˺ɫԲ
ۡһɫצâȻץ˸գֱӴӺɫӰϴ͸˹ȥ
һ̣ëħʬϺڹһɫԲֶһ½ëħʬ档
ŷзɿɫԲâţ˲ս˽ëħʬ֮С
ëħʬзŭĺУ޼£ĴƬԴԴðɫԲɡ
ԶŷĽħĿһ˿죬ֻһš
ŷ˿üͷǽ
Ȼ䲻⣬߶ħסͷħʬһ˻ֻһöԴ˻ħ޷׻ɱͷħʬġ
ң˿ֻԳħʬѾ˻˵˽ǰ
ͷת͵һҧҪöħֱӴ뿪
ëħʬǣסʣͷԳħʬٶȶ֮£ǺķЩԪ߶Ļܻмְա
Ȼ˻Ų·Ļħʬ˿ȴҲ˲ˡ
ڴ˿̣𣬽ëħʬһƾոֳһɳɫӨâ
ɫâ޷ĽëħʬĲһת
ëħʬ˲̣һᣬԴ̵ȥ
ŷۼ˾Ŵͣ¶˾ɫëħʬ̣֮зǳȻǰССնɱ
ţӰӸĽзŷ鲻Զǧӱˡ
ѣ㣡ŷɫһ漴ϲ
ŷѡһУջħħУŷ˵ͷûж˵ʲôΪ˿ͷԳħʬѾ˹
ͷԳħʬۼëħʬնɱзŭͷħʬŷ飬˹ȥ
֮͡ĺɫצâһݺݳ¡
һȻ壬һӣŶɽ飬ƹһֱӻΪ˴Ƭӭȥ
Ƭצâ˻֮Уһ಻󣬻һ󷭹ϻָˡ
ͬʱٴμħУΪһɫâһߵļ
һԵǧӱдʣɫ󶦣һɫϸ˿һͷħʬ
ŷ鷴ӦҲһеջ˽ëħʬϵĽħûӰһͷħʬ
ڴʱɫһ󷭹˺ͷħʬ档
һ̣ı֮Х˻֮
Ƭ֮Ȼֹɢֳ˵Ӱ֮ǰͷԳħʬ˿̶Χĵϣ׷롣
ÿһͷħʬ˿ڶԵƽ⻬ȻħħΪ
˿ûʲôֻŷɫ԰ף˿ַȡһöҩ¡
ѣλæ¿½ձҪڴˡŷ鱧ȭһ
ŷѿˣǾ֮ͶѣҵԼһͬжȴֿ벻ڴ˴ٴҲԵ˰֣Ц˵
ŷ˵㣬ҲЩп
˻֮ѯһ¶Է˵һЩŷĿһתǧӱ
ѣλȴĺܣѣŷʵŮȻһЩڸոռս֮УħΪϬҲǲСӡ
СŮԣʵ֮ǰһħԨǸ׳ֻǵʱ׷ɱҶԷڽħԨУҲŻûΣŷ֡ǧӱһĿһۣ漴ŷһҲ΢Ц˵


1357 
ŷԣ΢΢һ㵣´ǧӱۣЦԭӣӻû֮뻯¿ûп˿ʵ֮
ѹˡǧӱ˿Ϊ⣬ӯӯһЦ
һۣһ˵֮ϣָһӣħзͷħʬͷ­һһն
ԤϣͷëħʬҵһżСʬ⣬ͷħʬͷ­֮оȻʲôҲûС
в²⣬ֻħʬڵʱﵽһ޶ȣڲŻʬħ
ʬħ漴ء
ŷ˽ľٶУǧӱһû˵ʲôŷȴ¶˼־ɫЩֵʵ벻ħʬھȻⶫڣƺе޵ڵһ㣬ȴʬҪã
ħʬ²ôҵһȴ֮ûн̫࣬ڻص
ԭˡŷƺԸ˵Ҳûʲô
ˣŷ֣Ԩ֮ؼѲ⣬ǰ֪жΣգҽͬΣһת˵
֮ԺǧӱΪ˴ĿģԨ֮еΣգԶԶԤϣûпħԨӰӣ˾Ѿˡ
ǧӱȻϱﲻ٣ΪϾߣΣ֮ʱ޷̫࣬ŷʵȴΪǿһ
֮áŷȻᷴԣϲ
ǧӱվһԣƺϵĴ㣬ûж˵ʲô
ŷӦɫҲһϲ
ʱûڴ˶ͣһ֮󣬺ܿ뿪˴˴԰ɶݶȥ
뿪֮󣬲Զһȱ֮зһƬһɫӰֶȻ֮ǰ渾ԵĽɫܡ
˿һ˫Ե˫Ŀ˷ķһ˼ӡ
κһ̧֣һһɫãֻɫϻƣȻһ
ɫſڣһ⣬һŵɫ֮ϣԭն˫Ŀ̷һɫâͺſһ
Χĺ׷׳ÿл۶ȥƬ֮һɫķ
У£Īŷ߳⣿Ůӵӷ֮д˳
ˣô¡ɫܵոշ˵һ顣
ŶȻǸ֮УŮӵһ٣ƺ˵
Ѿ뿪԰ڲȥˣ֪ǷҪȥɫܵƬ̣Ůһֱû˵ǿʵ
ˣȻͬУŷİȫӦòʲô⣬ȻɣҪ֮УŮӵ˵
䣬ɫеɫ÷˫ĿһžһѿһӺĺɫס˽ɫܣһɫܵζʱʧ١
ɫǰһһ̣Ӱһ̳Ľ֮ϡ
̳֮ϣŮӺīɫܶڡ
īɫܴ˿ϥڼ̳֮ϣɢŨīɫâͷһŲѪ˿ľ޴ɢһϸ˿ĹâûΧ֮УӰ
ŮӾվһԣĿЩ˸˼̳һ
̳·ڣ԰ΧΧǣ̳֮һƺɫĵ棬ƺһ㣬԰ĺɫ赲һߡ
ˡɫߵŮԣһ
һʱȥбŷ飬ˡŮת˵
ˣӦġɫܼæ˵
ˡڴʱīɫֹͣʩվ
ôŮתһûͷûβĻ
ˣѾ̽ˡ˿̹ħ֮У֮⣬ĸ飬ֱҺͿˣʸҺˣŷԼһŮɵĶ飬ԼߺҵĸߺһˡīɫȻ֪ŮָʲôɿĻش
ߺʣҼǵƺҲһҽԨôֻʣһˣŮĿһƺЩȡ
ӦħԨ֮вŵ֪ħԨ֮£ððʧʧĸˡںīʧأȫûֻиߺһ԰īɫƽ˵
ߣ޴֮ŮһЦ
ĸУܶ˵ĴɷģӦֻҺͻʸˡֻǲ֪ǶħԨڲ֪٣īɫܼ˵
ŮɫĬȻ΢΢ҡҡͷƺͬīɫܵĿû˵ڡ
īɫܺͽɫܶһۣվһԣû˵
ĸ鶼ʲôλãŻҪñͨ԰ŮӳĬƬ̣Ŀʵ
ǻп԰ħʬķӣĶ飬պ󣬱ܴ԰ˡīɫܼæ
ǺãȻЩʱ䣬ȥЩ¡Ůӵ˵ͷ˵
ˣŷǱߡɫܿʵ
޷ǸСŮӵ˵
ǡɫܵͷӦһ
Ů˵ţһһסˣ漴Ϊһɫ磬ǻƺɫطȥ

ʱ˿̣ԨΧʬħ֮Уһɫݹзɶݣݹ֮Ǻѻߡ
˿̿Ϊ⣬ɫ԰ףڣܿһ˿Ѫﻹ˿ͨܵķȡ
ѻߴ˿֮˴ԨһУûԸõرͬĸħ˻ڴˣлһ׺
һˣͲɵҧгݣƺáʲô֪Լߺʡ
ΧĶ֮вʱһֻħɳ˺ѻߣǻûп㱻ɢĺֱӶ˱飬·׹ȥ
ģΧʬħ𽥱ϡۿҪͷ
ѻ¶һ˿ϲɫħԨаʱ䣬ȥϢԼʵлҵһЩħżء
ٺ٣˿߳ԨǿЦ
뵽ѻֱ˲٣һŨּӿһЩ
ڴ˿̣ͻ
ΧȻ翪˹ķˮһ㣬Ȼڡ
ţ˷ʬħηתһɴСľ޴иֶһ޷Ȼ˺ѻϣݹⲻһƫ
ѻɫһ䣬Ҳûй־ţ֮ǰѾͨһΣһ㶾֮Ȼ綾ޱȣͨ˵ֻҪСһЩʲôΣգⶾеһЩħȻҲʲô
ͺһɫâţγһɫȦסȫ
ͬʱдͳйâһһɫ꣬ΧȻһ
һɫиֶΧĶһն룬ʱɢӰ١


1358 ɽˮ
ѻֻǹɿµ˲Ϊ֮һᣬвɵһϲ
æһ߷ݹһٴλΪһĳǰȥҪһֱӷɳƬʬħΡ
ݹⷽʮɾ룬һ˺հϷ
һֻ̣ͷȻһһӴޱȵĺɫȻ̽˳˫Ŀ׹˸ĸźѻߣʺŷɿ¡
˿ڴˣȻһϳɫ֮ǰçħߣ
һɿֲ֮ϢʱӾһɢ
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۷ʱڣҲֵܵģοʱǸ֮ʱ
ΪͨȻͷĿ飬Ŀоһ˲侲ɫֱ΢΢һҪЩʲô跨
ãһȴֱӵ˱ķ
ֻಡһ
һӰԲ˼ٶĴִһӾס˺ѻߵ塣
ѻ߻ûзӦѾһյĵأ΢ţһڽѻȥ
çħͷ­΢΢ڶ˼£Ļû޾֮С

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䱾ħ½ҲС˿ȴĬĬʬħ֮УЩĿˡ
˿Ԩ֮еĸ·Ծ봦ǰС
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Уߺʶ˵һ֣ͷһеĺƷɿСΪһںڽһģʱкɫ绡ڽת
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ߺ˼ڣɢâɫԻָһЩ
ҡҡͷ־度֮ĸ׿ٴαüᶨ
ѾȻٰ;ϣζҪҵһЩı
һһεĻһݹ⣬Զ۶ȥ
һɳûãȴһ˿ɫ
һ԰ʱеĺɫأȴȥŨƺֿʼϡ˿ƶϣһ԰֮УӦÿҪͷˡ
ţߺһϲӿ˶ݹ⡣
ڴ˿̣ݹ·һ鿴ƽƽĵ棬ȻѿһѺۣʯĽһֻ޴ָڹ˸ɢһȳζ
ַһ֣һģץ˴ӰзɹĶݹ⡣
һִ٣ߺȫ޷ɫ̴䡣
ǳˣдһһΣʯ֮ݹ⳯Աƿɡ
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Ȼħצץ㣬СȴǱһӡ
˿ڸĲλ̷˺ɫѸٵĿʼãҳĴӶȥ
ߺɫ䣬һߴ߶μˣͬʱзɿ˵ȲֳɫâŽ˿Χסͼƺɢȴû˿ãתۼӵϥǵλá
âһһᣬȻСȡ
Ѫһ֣˵СȴϥǴնϣѪ
ߺʱ˿ſһѪ⣬ڶ֫
Ѫֹܿͣšǡһ죬ѵСȷɿĳµȹǣͬʱѩ׵ȹϸֳѿ֮䣬һոµСȱ㳤˳
֫ͨ˵ʲô顣
ôһ飬·ħʬѾ˳ǰ档
ߺסκĿһɨжʱһ
ǰħʬ͸аɣȫ¸źɫۼףɢϢԶԶ֮ǰκһħʬ
סߺʵĺȻһͷϹħħʬ
ħʬͷϵֻͬ˸ߺʣзһ˻Ӵ˹ۼ׵ħצһȳĶ磬ץ˸ߺʡ
ߺѾ̹ħʬʬɫ΢΢һ䣬Ϻڹţɿ۳һɸߵķӰ˫ǰһ·ĴзƮ
ħʬħצ·һ֮£΢΢һ
ڴʱߺз͵һ䣬ͷӰһſڣһɫ׵缤˹ħʬħצ֮ϡ
ͣ
ɫâħצϱܿɢâĵطֳһڵĴӡ

ħʬʱһʹƺŭһŭһ
Ƶʬɿͷ֯ƣ۳һɸߵĹħӰͷ˫ǣ˫Ŀ졣
ħӰһţ淺˴Ŀĺڹ⣬һɫϸ˿ƿ˲˷ԲɷΧŸߺʼӰֶ¡
ߺɫ䣬֮ǰһЩħʬȻΪﵽ󾳣ҲֻӲѣ۹ǷԵһǰħʬȴͨʬ۷࣬ƷĹ
ȻΪȫԸȻܹӦ˭֪ȥ᲻Σա
ͷת϶ȴһϺڹһٴμ֮ǰǸɫĽ
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ƾһ׵¡ɫ׹һΪһźɫƣ棬һɫâд
ߺʸոЩ˿Ѿֶ£ߺͬɫư档
ɫ֮ϣתۼ佫һ޴ĺɫϼ롣
ħʬ¶һ˿飬޴ħצһӣץ˺ɫϼ롣
ڴ˿̣ɫϼ֮ȻһϼȻֳһִĺɫ绡
˿ɵĲϼȻѿһɫݹϰŵ绡ѸޱȵĳԶ۶ȥ
ħʬһ漴ŭһ̰׷ȥõһһζ
ɫ׵ݹ֮Уߺû˿ѪɫոΪ˰ͷħʬòٴǿд߶ɫĵơ
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ݹ֮ͷɫħʬ̤׷˹ܵٶȾȻ죬ȫ˿ʩչİ׶
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ߺʿЦһϵԼɽˮһĻ
ţзȴ߶ǰȥ
ѾûжٷħʬֻܿЩƬ԰һط


1359 ԩ·խ
һߣǧӱŷ˴˿챮ĻҰɫâ֣ŵϢǰǱС
֪Ƭ԰󣬺ʲôطŷΧĻЩ˵һ䡣
Ƭ԰ħԨˡǧӱЦһµ
ףε֪ģŷԣ¶һ˿ȡ
ǧӱһ˿գһЩǣ֮ǰûŷ˵ոһ˵ȴЩ¶ˡ
ͷתҪȥǰȴͣĿȻߵķ
ѣôˣǧӱʵ䣬ɫҲ΢΢һ䡣
ŷ˳ķȥɫҲһݡ
֮һɷͬʱһصĽŲ
ֽŲ֮ǰľУ֪ٴΣ԰ħʬε
ƺˣҸطرһ¡˵һ䣬ħͫѾԼһϢĺɫݹ⳯򼲳۶׷һӴħʬӰ
ûв´ĻӦһ߹ħʬ
һȥ
ǧӱŷ˼æϣ˺ܿһƽ֮
˸ողغΣǺɫݹִϿա
ֻǺɫݹЩλβƺЩȣţ׷ħʬӰҲĳС
ǧӱֹħʬԲξȣŷȴǵһμӴħʬһ
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˿̸ߺɫ԰ֽĿ⳯·˵ķһۣǻһ˿׾Ц⡣
ȻĿһУ¶Цɫ
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ڴ˿̣׷ںĹħʬһε׷ֺһһţһִޱȵĺڹ⣬ߺʼȥ
ߺƺϣ΢΢һεĶ˹ȥǵִڹʱֱ˲֮
⣬ͷǣˮŷɫһ䣬к
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䣡
ɫ˲֮һضɽҡһӡ
˷ɵ˰գڸߺʲԶͣ
㣡ߺʱ֮ˣô˵ϼˮͬԸͷħʬʶһɨǰɫȴ΢΢һ䡣
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˼ˣɫ΢΢һ䡣
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ǧӱ˻ɵһΣ˹ħʬǰ
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ħʬͺһֻħצݺץɫ֮ϡ
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ƬħӷϿӿ۳ʮڹ˹ħʬϡ
һľ촫ħʬӴȻˡ
ǧӱŷȻʱ޷ɱħʬȻ֮סһʱûġ
΢΢ף۽⿴жʱ󶨡
䵥һ䣬սҸֶһɫһŵļתۼ仯ΪʮɴСľ޴Ӱ
ս豾ٶȼֻ˲Ϣ򣬱׷˸ߺʡ
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֮ǰս΢𣬲⼸Ҳָ˼֡
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Ƭɫ渡ֶ
һ󣬽ɫâ֯һ𣬾޽һ֮£ͬʱɳȥ൱
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սڵķ;ƿݣɫԭĳַ˿ȴɵҲӲˡ
δȸߺվΣղһһɫӰȰ㸡ֶȻ
в֪ʱһɫУһģһӣʮɫһߵĽ㳯Ÿߺʲ֮һնȥ
̫죬ֱ˿̣ߺƺûзӦħۼҪߺͷ­һնϡ
ﬣ
ߺĺɫ׹һһɫֶһ֮£Ϊһ׺ɫۣ˸ߺϡ
ɫ֮ϸֳɫ׵ģɢɫ绡·һҴܣ߲ƾˡ
һ
ۿۣħն棬ȴи㣬ױ˳ȥ
ߣ˿ȻЩģһħˣҪδ̫дЩɣߺת˵ϵĺɫ׵糤ۣһЦ˵
ɫɫƺҲǰ԰ˣɫÿ˲١
ȴû˵һеٻħУԻƷС
ͬʱһַɿһͷϿպڰɫâһֳһһ޴ķӰ
ףȻ࣡ߺ¶һ˿ɫ漴֮ɫһһɵķӰֶ
䷨ЩãӰԵЩʲ塣
ڴʱһӣĺڰ׷ͬʱһģ˸ߺңâţڰɫâϯߺ档
ڰ׹âһΪһɴСһĴڡ
ȻΪ򣡡ߺһڰ׹âȫƺѹסһ㣬ֶ̧Щ֮С
ΪѾﵽͨ磬ʶȻ̱жϳڰ׽ʲô


1360 նͨ
Ϊס𣬼ֱǳ˵ΣСʲô֮ߺʴһϳϺɫ绡âš
漴ͷķӰ˫һΣɫ绡һž£Ϊһչ֮ĺɫᣬɫ绡ϣһһ㡣
ͬʱһ˿׵編֮˫ɢͷ΢΢һ
ɫֻһȣƬԴ˷ΪģһɫɿչҪͷŵĺڰɫſ
һ׵罻ӣڰںɫ绡£һҪơ
ĿоһſһɾѪָѪһΪһŵķֱû˺ڰ׷֮С
ڰ׷âһĺڰɫʱȶ˼֡
ûֹͣдʣɫâʮɽһ֡
һ֣ɽâһ󣬷׷Χ֮УӰ
ߺʿľٶɫһ䣬зɿǰգһŹֵӡ
Χĺɫâһ漴Ӱдһ
޴ޱȵĺɫзɿɡ
ߺʹ֮ɫһûб¶ֺ˿˫ʮָһְ仯
ɫצķ˶ݺҧĺڰ֮ϡ
Ȼһ˺ڰɫһ漴ڴƬ׵б֮£·ֽƬһѿǧٿ
ҵĺڰɫӰҲ֮ģ
ӰһҲƺڷ֧֮Ȼɢ
ߺ΢΢˻Σϻ¶һ˿ϲɫϺ۹âһһģһɫâһ϶ֱӳ˺ڰɫ򣬲Զ۶ȥ
ոշɳʮɣΧͻȻƹʢɫɽ帡ֶðƬɫϼ⣬档
ߺֻһͶ㶼óٻ쳣һ˿֮ɫ
㲻ˣ磬Ȼɵ㼸֣˿ΪޣҲľֲ˶õġһεĳЩƵĺڰ׷м䣬Ŀ⿴ߺʣе˵
䣬߷һûڣӰ
ߺΪӢӿһɷ֮⣬һھѪȻʮָһһķ
еľѪȻһΪĻš
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䣡
кڻƺɫ֯˸ɫɽ屻һɾһƵĵء
δȸߺһɫһ󷭹ɽ帡ֱֶֻѪɫ֮ϡ
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ߺɫ䣬æŤҪһۣѾЩˡ
ɫΧŸߺʵͷ­һƣߺһͣͷ­µµ£Ȼء
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һڹ֮УȻһƴСĺɫСˣģĿ͸ߺһ޶Ԫǡ
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ʱһɹɾľڴ˳ʶ֮С
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Ŀ⳯Զȥɫ΢΢һɡ
Զǧӱ˻ںǾ߹ħʬݣħʬ˿ð˻Һɫʬ۳һƷӰһĴڣϵĳǧӱŷ鷢ҹ
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ŷķǶ۵ľˣǧӱķȴǵһμһ˰ģľ޴ɫࡣ
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ħʬзһͺʬ౻ԣŷ˵ķס˿ֱֻһӣһֻħצŨĺڹ⣬ָⵯɳĺɫצâֱץս
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ƿһֻħצҲס˽һˡ
ħʬֱҪս۶ϡ
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վ޽һɿСתۼ仯ΪһССĽɫ裬ಡһӹħʬз˳ȥ
ħʬһսȻʧ˫һգһ
Ƭ̹޴ɽҲѾѹȵͷ֮ϡ
ħʬһУֻħצճȭ޴ȭͷзݰСŰеɫɽȥ
Ŀһһûɫɽ֮ϡ
ɫɽâһǴ˼֣ɽǸֳƬĻɫģޱȡ
˲ĵطһֵɫӰһȦӣ˹ħʬ
¡ħʬȭͷɫɽȻײһһɫâ֯һ𣬷ѵľ졣
ħʬȻˣɽûɽһ𣬾Ȼħʬȭͷб˳ȥ
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ħʬ˿ƺ˼ԣзһŭ𣬶ͷϵĿâţмһϸĺڹ⡣
ڹһ·˲һ㵽ǰ


1361 ħԨ
һݣһֱһӣһɽ鸡ǰâһΪһƬɫĻ廤ס
ˣ
ڹɫĻϣʹ֮һʱֳƣǵֵ
ħʬ̣˫ĿѪâʢҪٴĸеһϮһɫâ֪ӺδֶϢһն¡
ħʬ˿ҪȴѾˡ
ŭһڹţ϶ʱֳһööھɫľ޴Ƭ
ɫâΧĲһƣϸ΢󣬵һģɻԡ
ħʬͷ­һᣬµµĹȥ˫ϥأӴ·Сɽһǰȥ
Ȼ͹ħеƷ
ɫִɽջС
ħʬһǧӱŷѵʬҲȻ壬̶㾧âܿɢ˰ա
֡
ѡ
ǧӱŷɫһɣ˸Է࣬һεķԡ
ոλֵħʬˡ˵˵ͷ˵
Сһ׮ѣѣѵô̵ʱնɱǸˣûпӦĳҵͨħ˰ɣŷǰ˰֣漴һתʵ
ŷѲµĲΪ֮ͨǰӦǺħʬ˺ܾãڷ˴룬ĳܽҽ֮ɱġǺһЦ˵
ŷԣ¶˸ӵɫ
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˻Ƿõ£ҪߵĻԼǸ޷֮µģ̸˶̵ʱڽ֮ɱˡ
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תһ룬ǿͬеĻ˷ǰħԨȡǬ׻ϣȻ
뵽˴ŷвɵ¶һ˿ϲɫ
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·;ϵ쳣˳ûܵħʬĹʬҲ䵭˲١
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˴ʴ԰ĺɫ˻ƺɫ
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էһ˴·һ԰һ㡣
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ΧĿ΢΢˸û˵
пܣ˴ʬѾǳϡҿ˴ƺһƬ޴Ļ԰ǿǰͨԲ֮¾ħԨ˰ɡǧӱһָ԰ֵ״Щ˷ܵ˵
ŷȻҲǧӱָָ֮漴дʣĺڹһֳһöںڵԿףħԨ֮Կ
ħԨ֮Կһ̶֣Զ֮ͨ΢΢ƺҪŷƿأĳ嶯
ûܹħԨ֮Կ䣬ӦþħԨˡŷ鷭ħԨ֮Կ˷ܵ˵
ǿǲˡйâ˸ҲѾڵħԨ֮Կһ̽ȷʵҲˡ
Ȼˣѣ̸ȥɣҹζࡣŷĿ⿴˵
ǧӱͬЩĿ˻
һСӣȻѾΪ˴˶졣
áڴ֮ǰԹݣӦöħԨв˽ɡʱգҲø˵һ˵˰ɣ˵ͷ漴ת׿ǧӱ˵
Ȼ֪ŮʳĹǳ֮⣬һ֪ˡһ·֮Ҳûпѯʣ˿ѾħԨԶ»ЩʲôɻƣЩ飬ǰ˵ĺã⵽ʱæҡ
ŶӾ֪ħԨ֮£ŷԣЩ˵ɻ֮ɫ
ǸСŮӵݻûŷ˵塣СŮǧӱǵʳħ֮Ůǧӱ֪˵ϣԼҲûҪʲôˣǳŷһ˵
⡭û뵽ӾǴ˵ݣЩʧˡȻʳ֪࣬ԼǵãħӦøջʸɡŷ¶ֻȻ֮ɫЩɻʵ
ǺǣСŮӲδ游աǧӱԣ̾˿˵
ԭˡ˵ͷƺ⿪еһɻ
ŷһȹȴһ˿֮ɫ
Զ½Ůɳֺγˣ
Ů飬ȻаһβΪ֪¡
ŮȻԸȻҲȥ׷ʡ
֣ȻСŮΪʸ֮ˣħԨǼΪ֮£˼ͨϣ˶֪֮١ҲǺòײŴʦһЩʵ֪Ķࡣǧӱ΢΢һЦ˵
ĿһЦһû˵ʲôǧӱ˻вôţ˵ˣ׷Ҳн
ӼȻǻʸ֮ˣݲͣΪβԼ֮һ𣬷ҪһħԨŷĿⶢǧӱʵ
ħԨ֮ǰħԨڴ˻ʸҵˡ
ǧӱŴ˻Ŀⲻɵһۡ
üͷһ壬һ˿ɫ˵Ϊַ²ǧӱŻᵼͬУǣħ죬ǲŷ̫ˡ
ǻʸǻ壬յħԨ֮ԿʵҲֻöԽħԨֻʮˣСŮӸոս󾳣ʵСûбħԨ֮СԲ㺮˵˷ܹħԨҪлŷˡǧӱŷһ˵
ԭҲ˿ŷԣǴˣϾŮΪȷߣ˵ħԨ֮ΪСһˡ
ʸҴӸǣҲͬŮħԨġ
һˣŷ鿴һۣƺŮʶЩ⡣
ͬһۣ΢΢һЦû˵
һʱЩ䳡
˵һ·֮ϣ˹ѵЯֶУ˿ۿҪħԨ֮Ҳм΢


1362 Ϲ
λҵһ·ͬˣҪһͬˡΪ˱ⲻҪ鷳ǻǽԵĿڴ˵ʡ֮˴˻κȴƳĬ
˵˻֮ʱĿĿǧӱһۡ
ǧӱɫЩȻͷ
Բ˸ðյ˴϶жͼʹʹ˵ȻáŷȴǹһЦ˵
ǧӱĻ΢һ£Ҳ˵ͷ
Ȼĳģ˵ˡ´˴ǰħԨΪһΪ쾵ıд˱ħԨУںδĿǰö֪˵
ǧӱһħԨĿģ֮ǰѾ֪Ҳף飬ҪΪ
Ȼһ·ҲЩ飬Ͼǻʸ֮ˣ⣬ʼնһЩ֮⡣
ãˡҴ˴ΪħԨеǬ׻ڴ˱ڣѾЩˣ飬ͲͶλϸ˵ˡŷ鿴һۣǺһЦ̹Ե
λȻ˵ˣСŮҲûʲôˡҴ˴ħԨ֮кͻʸҺ޹ϵҲûҪͼıʲôҪħԨֻΪ˽⿪СŮеһɻˡǧӱ¶һ˿ɫл˵
ŷŴ˻һۣж¶һ˿ȵɫ
ˣ֪йػ쾵֮£ħ½ɲֻһ֪ġǧӱĿһתĿ˵
ǧӱ˻һݡ
ʵ֮ǰǧӱ˵˱֮ʱмֲˡ
ϾŮЩϹħӵϹħħ˿¶֪˱Ĵڣ뾡һа취ȥõ
õΨһ;ǽħԨ跨ħԨ
֮ǰ԰֮Уߺʵĳ֣˼־衣
ǧӱŮἰ£ƺлӡ
û´ĻӦԼһҪȡ쾵ر֮ˣֻԼһ
ĪǣʸҲΪ˴Ŀģ
˵ĻЩ鷳ˡ
лԹѡȻҵѾ˸Ŀģǰɡת֮£ָܿǧӱ˵ͷ˵
ǧӱŷӦһִ˼󣬱ٴλݹ⣬ԶħԨȥ
Ϊ˷ֹܴڵΣգ˷ɶݵٶȲǺܿ죬ҽŵС
һ·޻
һ߷Уһȴͨħ콻ԼĲ²˵һ顣
ԴħõǿʬħԺ󣬱һֱǱеʬħ֮֮£̫ˡ
ڴ£Ӧò¶һ롣ħƬ̺ȴĻص
Ŷ˻ԣһ
֮ǰֵĸߺ˵Ϊĳ֣һżȻ𣿡ħ첻ɫķһ䡣
ߺʴŸߺңԨΣգΪĴͨܣȻ֪ġ޷˵ĽԨû㹻ıǾյġ˵
ߺȻ׼óȻԨģҲЩħʬ޷Ӧװ׶ˡħٺһЦ
ָߺռӦǲǰŵ֪£ԴҴææ֮£׼ĲǺ֣ܳ˼ʵ
رˡ©ϢģҲ²⣬ǻʸңҲΪ˷ңļ壬ǲΪˡǻʸҼҲԨԻ쾵ȻǱ־ڱص֮ģ׼ҲԳֵĶ࣬ҪĻɲ׶Ըġ⣬ħԨҲʲôȫĵطԣСӣҪħԨջһط֮ǰõͨ۳壬Ҳܶϼְաħ컺˵
֮ҲǱŴĿģͲ֮ʱ쾵˶ȥŴ˻Ƭ̣һ
ħԼڵѪ֮ԼϾ֮йԼ۲Ҳûʲô⡣
㲻õģ˴԰⣬Щʬħ鸨һչɹˣһ쾵ô׾ܶȥġħԣ˵
ҲǲУڴ֮ǰǰйħԨؾرħԨ֪¡Ŀһ˵
ٺ٣йشҵȷ֪һЩȻȤ֪Ҹǡħ쵭һЦһ٣漴˵
Ȼ֮⣬Ǵ˿ڣٴɣ±Щòʧˡ
ħԨؾʵһϹʱڵĶ׶취ǺƶѾɿ֤ӦϹħΪħһڱǾ֮
Ŵ˻һĿɿڴ˵½֮ʱμӵؾʵҲһ취ϵľ΢ƽһЩ
ؾħԨȻҪϺܶ࣬Ҳ䶥Ʒʡ
֮У˱ʵϹħ嵱ʱһӪڣҲ˵һ޴ޱȵƶݡѱòƲֻſռƣÿ꿿ħ½һΣԲŻħԨ֮Сħ˵
д¡иֳȵɫ벻ħԨȻĴڡ
֮⣬ħԨؾ֮Уһ޴ޱȵֲ֣ī֮ǰԨΧЩɫֲֻ䴥ѣīɣνħԨˡħӶ˵ޱȵϢ
ħԨȻһŹʵЩ޷ħĻ
һ뵽Щޱȣ޼᲻ݵĺɫľ䲻ЩͷƤ顣
Ǻǣ֪ºţʵȷʵˡīһ׷ݵ̫ʱڵħֲ;޴ޱȣƶСռ䣬ƽ֮ܣͨħ硣Ϲ֮ʱħúīƽ½бڵ½Ȼʱ½ɲֹôһġħȴ⵽ǿֿմܣһЩ弰Ĵ֮ʿ׷ħԨؾ֮УնɱϹħ塣һۣħһʹ˳ȥħ˵Щ
ЩϹʱڵ飬ƽ֮һκˡ
½֮ʱ˵ħֵ飬û뵽ȴϹħս֮С
ħ½Щħ壬вٱǵħĺᡭйش˵Ϲħ֮Ҳûж֪ˣҲΪһЩԵʣ֪һЩħԨ֮Ϊħ廹дԲŻħ½ħ֮͵ˡħٺһЦ˵
аͷĳŬЩϢ
˷ɶã֮ͨҲԽԽ
Ϲ˸ѾԼ֮ͨȻһ޴
λԵһ¡ǧӱһλȻͣ
ôˣŷҲ׷ͣ˶ݹ⡣
ǰˣǻʸҵˡǧӱĿ⿴ǰһ˵


1363 β
Ŵ˻ɫ΢΢һ䣬˫ĿϹţ˳ǧӱķĿԶȥ
ԴԴķע룬ħͫһʱ䱻ߵ˼¡
ֻǰ֮УԼֳɫݹ⣬ħԨȥ
ӴŴȷʵǻʸ֮û֮⣬ƺЩˡ˵ͷЩֵĿǧӱһۡ
ŮľֹЩ֣ƺ̫ͻʸҵһ㡣
֣СŮȷʵЩѵĿԣͻʸҵĹЩ⣬˿»ᱻǸ֪֪ܷʱĶ취֮УǧӱɫЩĶ˵
˵ͷһһŶɽһ֣һƬɫϼӿסǧӱ壬ɴɽУӰ
һԵŷۿǧӱ붴취ϲɫȴݶ˼ֺ棬ɽ󣬿ʵѣô죿
ѵǰ濪·ߣĸȥ˵һ䣬һļһס˶Ρ
ŷ屻֣ɫһ漴̲ãɫ
һζʱϢҲȫΣ˿Ҳûɢȥ
ŷɫһţд󶨣мĻУֻҪСһЩͨҲδֶܷ˵мˡ
߰ɣ
˵һ䣬˱㻯ΪһӰǰɶݶȥ
ǰʸһ˷ٶȲ죬˺ܿ׷Ϊ˷ֹ֣˿Ᵽһξ룬ԶԶ˺档
¶ȵɫʸһʮˣ˿̺ȻֻʣڻʸһԱߣŽɫεħˡ
ЩˣħԨؾڴĴ֮һϼˡ
ѣЩ֮ƺǻʸҵģڴʱŷĴ
ţǼĴ֮һϼˣǽͬеġش
ŷɫһǻʸһˣʵԶԶּϼˣǶᱦʱ࿹û˿ʤ㡣
ϾԷ֮Уʵͨǿߵġ

ʸһûз֪׷СβͣʸǴ˿ü壬ƺڱĿӦʲô
Ƭ֮۾
ôʸپͷڻʸǲԶ촽΢ʵ
У֪Ϣˡʸ̾˿ͬص
ոǷӦʧ󣿡ʸŨüһ塣
ӦòᣬոȷʵĸӦ˹弫ħϢת˲֮ʧ٣ӦǱʩʸ϶˵
˵֮ӦҲ︽ˣпУǸոտӦϢѵҪвǣʸɫصĲ²
пܱˡʸǵ˵ͷɫЩѿ
ȻˣҲҪ׼ħʴ֮ǰҲ˵ˣħԨ֮󣬷ҪԴΪأӱвǳϣˡԱΪȡʸɫ˵
ðɡʸ¶ӵɫ΢ɲ̾˿˵ͷ
λʸҵͨڻһ£ֻǶ֪˿ǧӱȻȷʵڸȴƲȫȻͬ
ڶԽٸΪ׵ˣȴԶĸڻʸҼ֮󣬾һɫ

ںŷȻҲ֪ǰĻʸҵܴͨ˿룬СĿŶݹ⣬ϢĽǰȥ
ƺǷִ˴ûʲôΣգʸ˽ӿ˶١
Сʱ󣬻ʸˣ֮ǰʵħԨҲǺī֮¡
˶ݹһķ׷ºǰЩ롣
һʮһ˲ûżħԨԭش
ϢβǱһƬ޻У̧ͷԶľ϶¶˾ɫ
⺱ī·һ޴ޱȵĲ޷һ㣬ưֱ죬û˰еĵɫ֮С
ۿɼɲ֣Ѿִ˲˼ĵزͨ°ŻҺɫĴֲƤ
аƣ⺱īӦϸ˵Ϊֲֹˡ
֮ǰħĻ²Ƿֱͨʣͨ˹ħ֮С
ţĿȴȥ
ڹħ磬Ȼмֺ棬ȴûȥһ̽뷨
īϵҲΪ׳̸ڣ¶ڵϵ·һһһ㡣
ס
Ŀһע⵽Щ֮Уżܿһ͹ķڣԱ߻ĹǳƣּѾģ壬Ҳ֪˶µϴ
ŷҲע⵽ЩĹĴڣħ½˽⻹ȲȻҲ֪ЩĹ
ЩĹǵħһ½˺ΪЩսĹħ彫ġħи֡
Щڣ֮Ƕһ߹ħʬħ˻һ
ȻֻǴִһΧһƬҲʮڣĹζʮͷħʬһʮͷħʬӵһͬбһս
㲻õģЩڣĹħʬ˵صףƺī˵£ǲġϸ˵⺱ī֮£һȫ֮ħ쵭˵
Ŵ˻ɫʱһɡ
ʸһȻҲī𺳣ڴһȦ󣬺ָܿ˹Ϊ׼һ󣬿ʼźīƷ
ŷĬĬ˺档
Χźīת˰Ȧʸ֮˷һֻǰ棬īײһƽ̹ϣȻֳһڶķһڡ
ڷϷдϵ֣ļʶҲϵ֣ʻӦħĹ֡
ħǰѵǡһ󼤶ʵ
û˴ǺīҲħԨڡϻһƴڣħԨ֮Կ򿪡ħҲЩ
üһæȥ
Ȼںڶڴֳһ㵭ĺɫĻħԴؾڴĽЩƣֻɫͬ
ŷ鿴ǺɫڣҲ¶˼ɫ
ŷѣ԰ꡣŷһۣæѵ
ѷģȻҪǬ׻Ҳ˲֪ˡŷһЦһЦ˵
˵ͷҪ˵ɫһ䣬ת׿һԡ
Сģˣһŷ飬һ޴ĺ档
˿ΣƿԶʴ
ȴһݹɿļ󣬱ħԨڸ
ݹһֳ߰˸ӰȻ˺Ϳ֮ˡ


1364 ·
Ļһݣ漴Ȼһ˿Цݡ
֮ǰƲһʸҹȻԨĿ궼ħԨ
˫֮ǰͬˮĹϵ¿кϷˡ
Ȼʸһ˱׼ħԨ˿̼ҵ˳֣Դ
ʸǣʸ٣ҵĽٸͨվ˶ǰ档
ǺǣɵĺܣλʸѱҵҲڴ˴Ѿ޽ͬˡһЦɫȻĶŻʸǵ˱˱ȭе˵
ʸǺͻʸۼһݲȵģжһ˿֮ɫ
˿̻ʸһϼ壬ʮһˣһȴֻа˶ѣһʸһߵͨҲҶһˣ˵ʵռ˾Ϸ硣
벻ô졣п㣬ǿҹȻкҹ𣿡ʸĿĴɨüϣ˵
ʸٳˣҿǣҵ˴κϲ̽ѣͬ˹ϵؾ֮С۽΢΢鴤һ£漴֣˵
ʸüͷһ壬漴Цת׿ҽٸһۣĿɫһ
ٸü΢壬ƺ̾˿һңң֮Ҳڽٸ
ɫһĿ⵭ȻĿǰĽٸ
ͬʱʸٺͻʸ̤ǰһϹתɢѹĿ⶯ҲֱΪ֮ơ
ĸʸҵħҲͬʱΧȥ˸ɫâ
ĴңħԨǰ˫˫Ҳһ±쳣
ԶŷˣȻһľ澡۵ףŷ¶һ˿ϲɫ
˿ȴǵЦĿϣüͷ΢΢
֪ΪΣԼоЩŹ֣Ӹո˵ؿʼ۾ĳΧƺѰʲôһ㡣
»ûнħԨλʸϱȲҪǴһѵ˷˷װױˣɫһ
䣬΢΢һһ˿ϲɫһ
Щ΢ı仯ȻӲħͫתµ
˳Ŀ⿴ȥֻոעӵǣȻħԨڲԶһСϣббĲһ˶ޱȵĹڣûĹҪԵһЩ
üͷһ壬һ˿ɻ
ڣôˣ
ߣ˴νԨʵͨħ˴ģҲˡԸ⽻ħԨ֮ԿԸ뿪˴һҲδɣҲķڣٶϼʸһЦ˵
ãܺã
һЦ϶ʱð˴Ƭĺڹ⣬ҲɢɫĻâһ̱Ҫֵģ
ۼ˾ʸٺͻʸǻһۣ϶¶һ˿ȡ
˱ΪԷӱвȴƺû㡣
ĪǣӱУ
ɱ
ʸٺܿ׿룬дһһԾϹţһɫ޴иֶһ趯籩ĻΪһģӰ
ӰУɫɿȼɫѻзתۼı鲼ΧʮɷΧɳǧͷ
ʸдʣһӣɫӰǧͷѻ˷ȥ
һߣʸа̾һܿɱһƬָһӣʮ΢СӶķ
һʮС˲Ǵ˰ٱǸֳһɫ棬ȴɢ̹ǵĺ
˵ĹһƬɫâ˹ȥ
λͨϳֵͬʱʸħҲԼħɫâ֮˺ȥ
˹ϯ˰գһʱ
ͫһӿ˫һһ֣ɿ۳һźƣԵħ˰С
ƹӿ˲䳯ź󷽵ʮɣڻʸһִǰ˿ȥ
źƷ·ڵĿˮһӿǴ漴һ޺Ӻдƹӿзһֻֻͨͨںڵޣݡ
Щ˻ֹСһжʮɣСȴֻߴСһ¶࣬ܲĳŻʸ˹ȥ
ת֮䣬зɳţѹѹһƬ·޾һ㡣
ɫͻʸҵĹײһ𣬶ʱ棬⽻֯ɢһ쳹ʵı
ʸǺͻʸۼ˾¶һ˿ȣЩɫﾹȻ·ʵһ㣬ÿһͷʵСȻʸ˵Ĺֵסˡ
Һͻʸҿʼ֣һߵĿҺҲûš
ٸ˿ȫڴĿ֮У⽻֯£۳һɴСĽɫٸͷ
ͨӲӣ·һ㣬֮ϳһԽǣǼɢĿ⡣
ɫзһͳУȻӿһƬƬɫ棬·һ㣬ŶĿֹȥ
ҵʣڽٸվվһͣиһɫ죬ɢĽһһε󷨡
ĸ֮ʩ߶֮зɳһɫһ㳯ſҼȥ
˴˿ԿΪף֪ʱѱѪУ˿ϥð˴ƬӨѪ⡣
ͷ֮ϣһͷСɽСѪɫȸ
漴һѪɫȸгȻʱĿѪ˸һִѪɫӭ˰еĽɫͽɫ
Ѫɫâʱڰײһ𣬲׷ױ˿
һɼԵˣı߰˷
൱ʵҲ޼ҵĿҲƺһ޶ǲסԷ
ҵĶƼңַײ¡¡죬ʵС·ֻǶϼһ㡣
Ȼǿ㣬ҵĽٸûȫԸ˼˫һƬƾеľ档
ڰۼĻЦһ
ЩĴ˹ȻһǼ黫֮һǳǿ㻹ҽٸڵȻʸҺߵĽ
һߣʸҺҵ˿ȴʼı䡣
ұϾҪڻʸңٻɫڻʸٺͻʸֽͨܵɱ֮£ܿ챻ѹȥ
ڴʱʸϷɿһ˿ĺΣзһߣɫӰϵĻɢЩɫѻҲȻɢ
ٳϣˡʸһ䣬һ
û£춯֣ʸһȵ
ʸǵ˵ͷдʣһʮɫɽ̹âţ۳һ޴֣ŶԷѾδ֮ʣźƷնȥ
һѲľ󣬺ƺȻɢ¶ˣ


1365 
˿̣ϥǰһӵĺɫʯ壬ͬʱдŹֵһŹַзʯ֮ϡ
ͷһʮɾ޴ĺɫᦣȴһĶϳأȥ
ɫϻһɲͼ˿Ѿ⾡ʧһƲһ㡣
ᦣԭˣڰĿһϳǼɫᦵһ챦
ʹַƶɣԽ޾ǷӡڣҪʱһԶʩų󣬵һͷųе޻꣬ҲͱˣһֺһԱ
ﲢħ½֮Ĵ½֮ʱһżȻĻ£йش˱ļأҲ֪ҴŪġ
ǣƺڼ󣬱㽫ȫ񶼷ǰĺɫʯϣΧδ
ʯϣ˿̸ֳһ֮ĺɫƣ𽥵ۿɼٶȣ봦ӹȥ
ΧҵħֳħԴɫȻĽм䡣
˿˭óʱ䣬ȴʩչʲôط
̣ԭˣҹȻ򵥡ħȻ
ǺɫһݣĿͬǿʯϡ
ȻЩȴʲôر֮
㿴ȥ֪ˡħ˵һȥ

Զʸâһָһеʮɫ޽âʢͷն£ƾ֮
ԵħͬʱһԼħ
ȴһںڶ̰һ˺ɫìһɫž˼ٵֶӭ籩ʮɾ޴ӭ˰ɫɽ
ʸǿһʮָɫɽһתƬɫͬһɫ籩һ㣬ħС
ǣ
ħ˲˺ɫ
ħ˷׷״ʧɫ͸ħϵ˲жϣħâ𣬷·ʯһ㳯·ȥ
һָ̱˳ɫ׷ٴμħ
ڴʱʸҵħȴΧȥסħˣʹ޷ٹܹ˰ա
ʸǳô˻ᣬеʮɫɽͬʱ֮һ
ʢڷɽɲǼΪһ壬ΪһɴСɫ޽·ڱСա
Ǹֳ㾧Өɫ棬ͷݺն¡
˿̣˿䱾Ȼϥƺͷɫ޽һ֪
ڴ˿̣ǰκɫʯȴд뱻ĺɫƸǡ
ɫ޽ʮɾʱڻȻ۾Ϻڹţͷһƾոֳͷߴ󰵺ħʬ
ͷħʬһԡ
ͷħʬ򷢳һ˻Ϻⶸʢֻ޴ħצӺһ̽
ħצֳ֮ɫʮɴСɳָָɭɭâ·аϬ
ֻӴħצȻһѽɫ޽ץС
˱ʣʸһ䣬ʸҲɫ䡣
ͷħʬã벻㻹ôһ֡ʸһ˲Ƹһģĳڷȥһɫ߰зӭɿ챩ǡ
תۼ䣬ɫ޻Ϊ˰ɴС͵ƿȥ
ͷħʬ󣬱ǿɫʯ֮Уһ棬ʯϵĺɫ·Խ봦ӹȥ
Եͷħʬۼʸ̷ӭȥħһ죬ɿǴΪ߶ʮɴСľ޴ħʬ˻ʸǰ棬ֻںħצץ˻ʸ١
ʸɫһ޴Ӱһģһͷħʬϡ
صһ죡
ħʬӴ峯ź˼¡һ˵ϡ
⶯쳣һ̣Ȼһסɫޡ
ʸɫһҪʩչһ٣˵ͣĿոͷסɫ޵ħʬ
ͷħʬ沿ףܶطƤѾ䣬¶İɫʣãΪ
˿һͷһ˹޴ħצץ˻ʸ١
ʸƺЩħצɵľЩǱĶ
ٳϣ˺£ʸǴ˿̲֪ʩչʲôѾɫ޽ͷħʬн˳ںͷħʬۼʸ죬æʵ
ˮӼ泤ϡʸٿǰͷ޴ħʬ˵
ȻᣬǴ˻ʸǶС
ʸһĿڻʸǰֻħʬϴ˼ۣɫҲǻȻ䡣
ͷħʬȻʹ䣬ܿȻеĻʸˮͻʸˡ
ڰҲһ㣬¶һ˿ɫ
ħǰпܰ쵽𣿡ͨϵħ죬ʵ
ħ֮һħʬʬԽʬƳħʬʬǰΪԽߣʬ屣ԽƳħʬԽ󡣲ôʬΪħʬ֮᳹ʧԶʧȥתֻصĻᡣħ쵭˵
Ŵԣһ˿ɫ
ʸٺͻʸȻҲ֪ħʬϱŭ֮ɫһ
ʸſһھѪ뵽ɫ޽֮Уָӣһ˾޽֮ϡ
ɫ޽һȻΪһɳɫ
ɫβһڣӰһ
죬ڻʸǰͷħʬȻ˳ȥ
ʸǽһָһ㣬ɫӴֱȥһţһˮ״ֵɫ档
ŷ˶ɫɫ΢䣬ȴͻȻâһһŽķ
һ˽ɫһ̣һŽâס塣
һһģʧ١
ɫı棬ʱ˿մ
ȻǴŲƷٺ٣ҵļҵȷʵܷ񰡡ĵ׸ֳħ
üһ˷֮ǰؾӿľ֮
ʸҲһ漴Ŀ⳯Χȥ
˿̣ħԨڲԶһСӰһȻֶ
ǰȻǸȽµĹ
Ϲһ˲ҵӰɫʱһ䡣
˿ǰκɫʯ壬Ѿױɫǣ봦Ǹһīĺɫţе԰
һ̣ĿɫһſһѪʯ֮ϣͬʱһ֣ǰֳżСӣȻʬħ顣
Ѫʬħ鶼˺ɫʯϣܿں˽ȥ
ʯȻڹţ漴ȻѿΪһͷСĺɫɢŨҵѪʬ
ִһڹ⣬ûɫ֮С
ɫһģûķڣ֮С
Щ϶ʱһɡ
ڴ˿̣һԶȻһɫ档
֮Уʸǲŵľ޴ɫצķ˹


1366 ɫħʬ
ĿɿһԱߵķڣüͷ΢塣
漴ȻһץȻкڹһڵħƳС
м𣬶΢΢һ£ӭ籩ʮ౶˷ڣ֮ǰɫת
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ɫħ֮ϣɫ˪һ֮ڡУ˪ɫɿӿתۼ㸲˴ơ
ɫħƱɫ֮󣬱ĺڹתٶȶʱ󻺣ϵƺҲɿļ
ɫһ䣬ħ֮ϣдʣڷԴԴӿ˶֮С
ħƺڹһƬɫϼһĽɫסɫٶ̼˺ܶࡣ
δһͷһɫѾ˹һֻ޴ޱȵצһ̽ͷץ¡
צ֮ϼɫâ֮Ҳֳһߡ
зɿһԥ֮ɫ漴Ŀһ䣬ְֳһûħ֮Уħƺڹһ
дһ
ħһ֮£͵طĿĺڹ⣬ڹбƬɫģ漴һ춯ؾ£ֱӱѿ
һźľ޴ڷڣϿոֶ漴Ȼ˷ɢȥ
ɫľצ׵壬ըķ籩У̴ݿһ٣޴ĺɫɫ޴Ҳĵ˳ȥһס塣
ǺɫħƿһƷʺܸߵħ߶Ա֮£Ȼ侪ˡ
ȴħԱ֮ǰԶԶ㿪ûյǣ
ǹǣ·ķڣ뱬ըĽǼûյʲôˡ
ƺ˵ĺɫһ·ڣȴֻǺڹһͱӲһ
˾һ˿ϲɫ
ʸһɫָǣηɿ쵹֮£ʮİпס壬漴һɫϣٴһֻצ
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ɽεȻСҲǳķ˿̱ѹƵΪҲ޷֧̫á
ȴɫ˿ţһΣԶɶݶȥͬʱһɫâзӰŻʸڷȥ
ʸзһָһţ˫Ŀ׹˸£ٴһŵɫ
Ǽâɫ֣ʱɫᣬȷǼöķɵ
ĺħǰ֪⺮ΪӸոտʼμʸǵɫȽ֮ԶʤǰļвɵΪ档
ǻʸҳϵǬ뺮棬˵ǴϹŵһֺȻͬСħ쵭˵
Ե˵ͷԱߵŷһʼۼҺͻʸҴ֣аˣ˴˿̣ۼλֵͨܽΣѾֺ֮ɫ
⼸ͨΪħ½ʵߣ֮񣬱֮ԶԶ֮ϣ˻ħҲǲС⼸еκһ֣аʤĽ֡
뵽˴ŷ鲻ɵĿԵһۣ֮ǰܹԽɱߺͨܣɲֹǰ򵥣ɲ塣
ʸǶļɵһ壬ûȥ׷ĵͰڣ֮ϡ
ոĻǵһϵйŹ־ٶƺΪڣбΡ
һˣִһɫȻһһţٴһִɫ棬ĵͰڣڵķȥ
ţŮſһھɫ֮ϡ
ɫͺһͷ֮۾֮ȼɫı棬ı̴ִ֮˼֡
ڴ˿̣ͻ
͵ؾһζһ£ĵһѿһ޴ķ϶ѷӷڣ֮Ӷ֮һ㡣
һͳĺӵ˳
ͳ䣬·Ӿ֮дһ㣬һУΧˣǻʸǣǻʸ٣Զң֮ɫһ䡣
֪ΪΣжһ⣬ɫķ׷֣ͣ˿
ۼ˾ȴǴϲֹͣ˺˵Ρ
ͣ
һζڣ֮ϵѷ͵ðһɵĽɫһֻ޴ޱȣ渲ǵɫۼ׵ƴ˳Ȼһץס˼µĴִɫ档
һ죬ɫ澹һ飬ɢƮ俪
ʸǴ˿Ѿָƽۼ˾ϲдʣϸֳһɫ⣬
ɢƮɫͣ˰գ漴׷׵أΪһƴСɫ趯ɫư档
ǣ
ɫ̱һɫᣬǵˣЩɫ·ɿӶȥ
գ֮䣬ڣͬɵķΧڣһɫ֮µĻζҲֹͣˣƺҲһ㡣
ʸɢɫһ԰ףոմ߶䲻ٷڴ˽ϸĻϲɫ
ԶۼһıʣȻɫ䡣
ԭˡ벻֮˾ȻȺ֡ڣħ૵˵
ħǰ֪ǽɫֱʲôɫһæѯħ졣
ʲôԺԼܹˡȲ˵ԶһЩͼȻѱᱻǶħ˵
һ˵һŷ飬ϢĳԶȥֱɳɲͣ
űɫĽɫƺ͵棬˿ҲģȴһЦ
˿ڳѾͣҵ˹
ĿһתԶͷħʬ˿ΧŻʸ١
ʸȻһģЩ·磬ͷħʬӴ󣬶ٻʼû˵ʸ١
üͷһ壬ִͷħʬֹͣ˹ɻԡ
ʸ˿һΣ˻ʸԣҪ˵
ڴ˿ִ̣֮һͺƺЩŭ˼֮͵طĿĽ⡣
ϵɫϸֳһƣ׷׹ѶŽɫƵҲȻѶɫ͵һŵ棬һ¡¡Уһ޴Ľɫħʬӵ˳
ɫħʬ֮ǰ԰еĹħʬС˲٣ҲʮɸߣϵƤɢһ㵭ĽɫƺֳһȦȦĽɫƣɢڽԡ
ħʬȴûиõĺۼɾͷ·һŴħһ㡣
ţһɿֲ֮Ϣӽɫħʬɢ֮ɫǴ䡣
ɫҲһ䣬Ȼ㵽Զޱȵĸܵ˽ɫħʬɢĿϢѾԽͨ磬֮ǰͷçħ൱
ɫħʬ۾¶һ˫ɫͫ峺͸û˿¶ǵĸо


1367 ҫ
˷ʮĴҫ棡ڴʱ˷ɵ˽ɫħʬǰݵڵأ˵
ٶڳ֮ɫҲһ䡣
ʸǺͻʸٵɫ˲ļΪѿĸ˸ɫ
һߣҼɫҲһݣڽٸ촽ϣĵĴ˼˲ɫķ˹վԡ
ΪҵѣɫҲһ粻ȻⷬٶҲǴ֮
Զŷ鿴ľٶҲЩĿɿڴ
һǲ򵥣һԨ֮سߣһһħʬŷ
»ʸ鷳ˡĿ΢˵
˿ǧӱɽУǰһĻȻ޴ӵ֪ģȻҲȥ֪
ϾǴŮ֮£ǳʲôǽɫħʬע⣬ǿɾ֮ˡ
ҫ桭ҫڴʱħ
ǰ߽ɫħʬѵҵ棬Ī֪ˣһѯʣͬʱ߶ڷתȫгͼڣϢ
ˣˣҫ˷ʱڵͨܣΪݳѾﵽͨ۷塣֮Уһ̤ħԨʧٵһλͨħˣ벻Ȼһֱڴ˵س˯ħ˵
Ŵԣɫһ䡣
ħʬǰȻͨ۷Ϊ˯˲֪꣬˭֪ﵽʲôزѵѾ׵粻ɣ
ɫħʬû·չһҡһ壬ڴһͷƤĿһתϡ
ŶǼСǻѱİɣɫħʬſ˵ͬװ
֮һҡ
ʸǺͻʸٶһۣһ˿Ȼжɳһ˿ȴ֮⡣
Ȼ˴Ԩ֮кܹܿһ񣬵֪޷սʤĵˣäĿӦսĻǰװˡ
Ǵʱʲô֮١
ͷȴǼת˼˵Ӧ֮ߡ
ǵģҵȱô澲ޣֻ˷ؼʱ̣ħԨõ쾵ٴˣ˿ҵڴ˱׷ɱһ֮ɫ˵
ɫħʬŴ˻޴ͫйâһȻת׿Χˣܿ˾ԼĻʸһϡ
ʸҵһɫһ䡣
СոձֹڱİɣɫħʬĿⲻڻʸشе˵
ʸǿһһӣеɫϹâһŽɫħʬ˶תۼ㵽˸ǰ
һ̣ɫֺһһֻ޴ޱȵɫצһţŽɫħʬͷ­Ȼץ¡
צ֮ϻꡱðһɫı棬ɢ̹ǵĺ
ɫħʬƺһЦ˿δԴȴ͵һֽգ漴ɿɳһɫȦ۳һɫ
ɫһչɫвԶĻʸһС
ʸǵǰһΧɫȻͱˣǺīԱߣҽɫħʬҲʧһ˻ɫһɫɽ֮С
һֱɽ壬·һ޴ޱȵĽһ㣬Զ죬֪жԶ
취ԣ֮ʸɫ䣬
ܣ˴֮Ѿһں֮磬ͨھزɣʸȻҲ˴£ҲȻһ䣬漴ŵ֮иֳɫ
˶ͨħˣȻһط֮ͨһЩİأҲˣǲԼǽɫħʬʵࡣ
ǿУҪʱǲܵġ
ȴɴУЩ޴
ڴ˿̣䡱һ죡
ϵһ޴ɽذεض𣬷·һ޽һ㣬ֱӴ˰еɫ
ʸɫһ䣬һæɫܿ
֪޴ɽһУ̡ۡһΪһɴСĽɫ޽ɫںݺն䡣
䣡
ʮɽͬʱεض𣬷׷׻Ϊһɫ޽缲ɫ
ʸɫ䣬зͣɫϧ̫Ӵ󣬺ܿ챻ɫ޽׷ϣ̴塣
ɫзһĽɫ޽һתɫʱسΣ㾧âɢ˰ա
ɫԭɫ޽һת֮£»Ϊʮɫɽ
ֻǣЩɫɽâҲ˲٣ȻҲĴ
ʸſ³һѪɫò԰ޱȣֻһ̣ٻǱɫɽ
ͣ
ҵƿʮ޴նɫڰ΢΢һ漴ƿ⳯ŻʸҼ˼
ʸǺͻʸٶɫ䣬дʣϹš
ʸͻȻһӣһɫᦣɫ⣬һƬɫĻһ˰档
ʸ͵һҧȡһöѪɫҩ̷ȥзɿдʣϷ˴ƬѪɫâ۳һѪɫ籣ڻʸǵɫ֮⣬۳һѪɫĻֲһ
˸ոЩɫ޽ݺݵĺ˻ʸٵѪɫĻ֮ϡ
ʮڽɫ޽նѪɫâϣһ಻ľ޴УѪɫĻҲܿ㸡ֳһѷ죬漴Ȼ
ǰ󲻵һϢ
ʸɫһףһѪϵϢѸٵήȥ
ԭϱоδơ
ٳϣʸǾһַһϹ⣬ס˻ʸٵ塣
һѪɫâɢʮڽɫ޽ʱƲնɫγɵĵڶ֮ϡ
һ޴ɫӰһɫ֮ϣʹɫҲۿɼٶȣѸȥ
ʸɫ䣬˫һۻҵϹ⣬ע뵽ɫ֮С
ĸʸҲƴע뵽ɫУȹһ
ɫâʱ𣬵ȹ˼֡
ϧþʸǸոձħҲ˲ᣬתЩ
ֻǼһɫᦹâܿ
ڻʸɫ࣬Ҫ֧ŲסʱΧĽɫâһȻɢ
Χɫһ䣬ʸһֻصԨīԱߡ
ɫħʬɫ΢΢һ䣬ϵĽһңԺĽɫȦҲһı˻ȥ
ڻʸϵһ䣬Ա֮˿ֻǽɫħʬԺɳһɫȦʸҵļ֡
Ƭ֮Ȼɢʸһ˱˵ٶȳǰ
̫֮ЩĿһ˸
̺֮򣡿ɫħʬѾһֻ̤ˣƺЩȶ⼸Ҳˡħ˵ţЩȻ


1368 켫ħ
üͷ΢壬ħ½ЩΪҲ˲٣ҲһЩıԵϾħħ˽롣
һ˵ǰָһһħѯʵ
СҲѾһЩżӦҲˡνƾʿǿſһռ䣬ֻط֮򣬲ųƵ򡣷ԽǿʩչռԽ󣬶ط֮ԽȻԽħ쵹Ҳû˵
֮Ƿǽͨǰ᣿Ȼ뵽ʲôʵ
ʵͨǴ˷֮ƤëѣҪ뽫һַ֮Բɡ˵ͨûʲôк֮˵еֻǷ֮ĸǳѡħ͵
Ҳ˵ɫħʬԷ̶ѾӽԲѿԲħԨ֮Ӱˣһ
ֱˡħԨĴ߱ȻһħԨ֮ƽߵΪΪ̺һԲķ֮Էֹͨʿ֡ڽӽǴﵽǿߣЧ΢΢ˡħ˵һȥȻԸ˵ˡ
ڽʱԶսȴһЩʡ
ߣ
ʸһ˺ò˿̼ˣ׷״߶ķ߶ݹ⣬Ҫƿնӡ
ʱĽɫħʬûȥܹ˻ʸһˣһεĳͷͻȻһſһЩճĽ⣬һ֮£ǰͷɫħʬϡ
ҫ桭ΣɫһҪ˵Щʲôȴ˵ڡ
һ֣ͷħʬԭãȻȴ¶˾ֵɫڽ֮ƺȫסһ㣬޷ֺ
顱ը죡
ͷħʬͷ­׷ױѿͷ­ȻɳĿŰɫӣģʬħмƣһģ֮£˽ɫħʬĿС
ͬʱͷħʬһĺȻأϢȫˡ
ɫħʬĿźɫӺϽɫʱһԭЩҵϢѸƽ
ǣ
ɫħʬüĽһѿһ϶¶һֻɫۣɢĽ⡣
ӽɫħʬ֣ɺ飬ֻļ϶˿̻ʸȴɳûԶ
ʸƺӦʲôһԵĻʸһۣɫһ漴Ϊ˾֮ɫ
Ȼһͣվԭأ漴תдʣ֮ϺȻȼӿڵѪɫ档
ЩѪɫɢһϢ·ȼ֮һ㡣
켫ħ𣡿ٳϣҪʸۼʸϵѪɫ棬ɫļ
ߣһҲ߲ˣʸһѪɫţ巢֨֨ɿĸɱȥ͵ػΪһѪɫâŽɫħʬȥ
ٺ٣ߣˣɫħʬЦһüĵĶĿһɫ漴Ȼѳ⣬ֱʸǼ˼ȥ
ʸٴһѪɫţһתΪһƬѪƣҪ½⡣
ЩҲ֪ǽɫħʬúɣһ֮£·𶴴Ӱһ㴩͸Ѫƣֻ΢һЩתۼʸҵļǰ
顱һ죬ʹ˱ѿΪһŽɫȻֶ¡
һǿҵĸʴζʱɢ
ʸɫһſһѪϹţݰɿתϹ۳һĻ˽ɫ֮ǰͬʱһ·ȥ
ɫĻһɫ̷͡ɿڻһʱ䲻ɫâ㱻ʴˡ
ʸǶȻ죬Ծɱһƽɫ˫֮ϡ
ʸǵĻâȻ˿޷ֵɫ˫ϵѪɿڵ

ʸǿзһҽУɫһһӣһϹ˸Ȼ˫ȴϥǴնϡ
ƬѪӵʸɫһ˿ѪɫƺһǿһдʣӵѪΪ˹Ѫƣס塣
Ѫһ˲仯ΪһѪӰһֲٶȣԶȥǱ֮޼
ʸȻ˹ȥǼʸҵ˱ԷӦˣɫֱһϤ档
ֻҽ漴ͬʱȻֹ
ħ˸ոüſâ㱻ɫһƣâѩһڻ˿޷ֵɫʴ
Ƭ֮䣬ħ˱㻯Ϊһ̲ɫճҺ壬ôˡ
ɫħʬüͷһ壬Ŀ⿴˻ʸѪӰƺûнʸһЩ
ڴ˿̣һɫû˻ʸѪ֮ϡ
Զֳһɫžոͣ£ȻոյĹ
Ѫ֮дһƺߣâǺܿӺɫмʧΧ֮С
ɫħʬɫһҪʸѪɫȴѾ˻нɫħʬ֮ǰ
Ѫ֮дʸһŭѪɫȻһͣ漴Ȼѿ
ʸٵ˿Ѿʧ٣ѪƻΪȭͷСѪɫģ۳һѪɫɵķ󣬽˻нɫħʬΧסˡ
ɫħʬŭɫһͺһüĿٴαһŴĿ⣬˷
Ѫɫ֮ϣ¡¡ľ졣
Ѫ֯˸ЩѪɫĲ֪ǻʸʩչĺͨȻӲ˽ɫħʬһֻһСıɢˡ
ɫħʬŭϽţ۳һͷ۵Ľɫ࣬ɫֱһģĺݺݺƬɫȭӰѪɫ֮ϡ
һ죬Ѫɫŷ׷׵ıȻɢɢ˰ա
ΣϺڹţæɵУʸӷĿԶȥﻹܿʸǵӰӡ
üͷһ壬Ԩ֮ʶ޷壬һ飬޷׷ˣոչʸǵĺɫѰԭ˵״̬¾ܽҴҲ޷뿪Ԩˡ
һˣһɡ
ڴ˿̣һȴһӵ֮һƬɫâɢ۳һɫ
ת׿ȥֻ˱˽ɫ֮Уٸǰһöɫ
зɿдʣſһѪ˰ɫ֮ϡ
ɫâţΪһӨâһĴڣһȻѿһ϶
ΧĽɫһתż˻Ϊһ⣬˿ռѷ֮Уʧˡ
ۼʸҰˣȻϣ˽ǰħԨֱӴ߶ĳطƿնˡ
һߣۼ˾ȴһϷ׷¶㷲ɫ
Ϊ׵Ŀɫһ䣬ͷתһץһ̹ס˿ˣ漴һӰҲԶȥ
θնǰڹһһƬɫӨĻֶ
Ӱײ˺ɫĻ֮ϣءһˡ
ӨĻڹһתδлĸֶ


1369 ඾
ѡ
ˣâһæһ˿Цݣִһǵɫâɢ¶֮ɫˡ
ѣҪȥЦЦĿſҼˣе˵
ɫһݣɫȻЦǺǣ֮ɢһɱ֮⡣
ѼȻѾ˻ʸҺңҿҲûбҪˣħԨڲȻ٣ҿԵܣЩ뿪ĺáͷתзɿ˵
ôãѼ˺µıҪأһЦиֳһ˿ɫ
ɫһ䣬ҪЩʲô֮ʱӰһɫħʬӰȰ㸡ֶ
һ˲ĿֲϢɢ
ɫħʬηһ֣һţһƬɫһɢֶ¡
ɫ䣬ҪſһâһԼ·թĶһ㣬˲ڽɫ֮ǰ˿㼰༸˵塣
ɢȥеĺ⣬¶Цɫ
һͣȫ·һӶסһ㣬˿ˡ
һ̣ڿĿѵľ֮Уɫһ󷭹һС
ͷƤġ͡żҽУ漴һкܿɢҵļҲѻΪ˼̲ŧˮû£ɫȴøΪ˼֣漴糤ˮû˽ɫħʬϡ
ɫħʬϽɢüĴҲܿϡ
лҫ֣Ϊ˷ɱЩϰæɵ˽ɫħʬǰһ
ȥҵĵһΣ²Ϊڴ˴Ԩʬħ֮Ѿһֻֻ̤Ҫ꣬ʬڴڼ䣬ҪңɫħʬĿڵ
ɫһݣæŵŵӦ༸˸ǶͷߺҴһ
ɫħʬһģ֮£ٴλص֮ǰĹλãϽһӴ峯ŵ³ȥ
ҫ棬˴ȻѾѵħԨһˣ֪ħԨеĻ쾵̺򣬶ͻǴġۼɫħʬҪǱ£æ˵
쾵ǺǡԼķ֮ãҪ˱ƾԼı°ɡɫħʬһЦ޴ܿ˵£ʧ١
ϵѷҲ֮պϣʧˡ
¶źɫɫħʬʵ֮ǿȻܹͬУħԨΣҲ͸ֵһˡ
ɫħʬѾǰϰȫˣҲżˡ
ϣ˷˹ǰ买ֵ
˸ոһսʵֻڵ׵ĳ̶ȣ˿̿϶ЩˣһɫǺܺá
ϣµ˶ѾǷҪôħԨһ췢ЩԾԾԵ˵
ħԨΣտ²ڴ˴԰ڴ϶ڴ˴죬״̬ѺٽħԨҲ١һ£˵
ǣ˴˿̶Ȼ֮޶ĴӦ
ʱ˾ħԨһյأϯض
Զһƾ޻֮ŷ飬в֪ʱֵǧӱңң˷
⣬֮У챮ɢҰɫĹâһԲѵӰȻǻʸǡ
벻ֶ֮࣬ȻԨ֮ôһӡĿ˸˵
һԵŷ̾һƺЩй
˵ǽɫħʬҲԶԶУħԨܹõǬ׻ĿȻҲ΢΢вɵôΪɥ
֣¼Ȼҵ˶סħԨڣҲ޷УȿʦưɡǧӱŻʸǻԲѣЩ˵
ҲáԵ˵ͷͨħ졣
ڰɫâһ챮ֶɢһɻҰɫâס˺ͻʸǣ漴챮âһ˵ͬʱʧԭء
˾ħԨԶħʩ򿪻챮ħΪ΢ûҼ˵ע⡣
ħûпɴһɫ飬˵иոջʸҺͽɫħʬս̿
ۼ챮ʧԭأҲϥеĻɫգ˼ۣҹһ˰ɫ֮С
챮ռ֮УΧ˻ʸԡ
ǧӱѾ챮֮Уŷ⻹ǵһĿ⳯Χȥ¶˼ֺ֮ɫ
ʸǴ˿ڵϣ˫Ŀգϵ˫ֹסѪ˶һͨڸûʲôֻҪָԪ󣬺ܿܳ
ֻǴ˿̲֪ΪΣʸȫƤֳڵɫҲԵΪ£Ʒǳء
Ŀ΢΢һ֮ǰʸ˷Ӷ֮ǧӱ֪ôͨɽ֪־»ʸǡ
ԭʸǾȻҵʦ
һ£ֽҪʧȥʶĻʸǾ
ʸڼǧӱɫһϲδ˵ʲôֱ˻ԣӡ
ǧӱǽɫոΪ±֮˲ûгΪʸƣ˿̵˻챮ռ䣬޹˼ɣȡһѵĵҩƴʸǷ¡
ǧӱΪħ֮ŮȻ͵ܳģϴŵĵҩ֮ȻϵȣһʸǷ²٣ҲһЩƷʸǵȴ˿ûɫ
ûõģҪȲλʸϵ򡣡˸ֹۣǧӱ˷ѵҩľٶ
ĪѾʲôǧӱȴһϲ̧ͷ˵
˷ѵҩǼ˻ʸǵ󣬸޷Ĳż
ʸǴ˿̷ɫɫƺ˶˺ü飬ҲûвǺֶԣǧӱʸǷ˺üŽⶾļƷҩϵ֮ɫȴ˿ûм
ŷ˿ĿҲ˹ʸǴ˿̵ü˼ãҲǺͷɵҲ
üͷһдʣ֮ڹ⣬һŵķ׷û˻ʸڡ
Ƭ֮ջơ
λʸڵȷʵ˶ѰĶһֹϵĿ඾˵
඾ŷüǰĸŵ㶾ĵ伮û˵ֶ
ֶʹĻʼزпؼأϹʱڵ춾ƺ͹ƶЩϵǧӱƬ̣Ŀ˵
඾ʵһΪĹƵĹƳһ־綾ΪͨܲжҲѰѣοʸϱˡͷ˵ɫЩϾ


1370 
ּȻ֪˶ĸԴȴ֪Ƿн֮ʩԮ־ʦպҶ游ʣǻʸҾ֡ǧӱԣһæһֵ˵
һ˿֮ɫ漴˵ȻԹﻰ˵ˣȻᾡһԡֿ඾ǳ죬²û̫յģ֮⣬ʩ֮ʱҪԵİǶλһԺһ¡
ǧӱԣæ˵ͷŷһε˵Զ
ڵϵĻʸһۺ˫һ̧ʮָʼɿĳͬʱдһֻɬ
һ̣źڹһԷһҰɫΧͻʸǣγһܱյĿռ䡣
ռкӰһħӰֶ
ǰ඾аħһۣ˵
ʵڿ඾̫˽⣬ոնڻʸǵһϣ˵ɷ£ʵ󲿷ֶħ찵и֪ġ
ٺ٣һƭ㲻ɣҲǵһƣƿ඾ӦûʲôģҪκʸǣҲܺˣħ½ķչǼ洦ġħ쵭˵
ԣһ˿ɫûнӿ˵ʲô
ħҲȥʮָһһööҰɫļ׷˻ʸ£Χĳ󷨡
Ƭ֮󣬻ʸǺȻΧöҰɫ֡
ڴʱħзһͣһ֡
֮͡Ȼ
лҰɫľͬʱѶһҰɫϸ˿һۻҵĽ֯£˻ʸϡ
ԶԶȥŮͷ·һҰɫӵĹŹֲϼ롣
ųƣԣǿ඾ϻħЩɿ˵
˵ͷһзɳһӰͣ˼ͷ
ȻƳ档
ħָ㣬ڻʸֱ֮ϻһӣɫѪҺ˳
漴ͷȻſһڹ⣬˿֮ϡ
ʸǵ˿ڴܿһڵ壬ɢĹâ
ڴʱħٴڻʸϵĻҰϸ˿˿ڴĺ֮ϣ˻Ұɫϸ˿֮С

ʱһһȥʱ֮ħ֮£ڽʸϵĿ඾һİγɾ
˿̻ʸϵķɫѾָΨɫɲ԰ֽȻԪˡ
Ȼ඾ѾɾʣµЩƱ㲻ʲô⣬ֻҪ㹻ʱɡ
һһӣƷУʱİζҲ˲ԪԵЩήҡ
ʱħ֮УһżСĺɫԲһ㾧Ө͸ǣʩ۶ɣ΢΢ɫ͸һ˿ĹâȻ綾ޱȡ
Ŀ඾滹һЩħ֮ԭȵĿ඾ѲԺԵлõĵ͸ˡħһ֣ɫԲӸ
üһæСĵĽסħһۺ󣬻ִԲΧвһ㷨Сĵ
˶ͨܶôħԣֶΣڶʹܱͨҲҪæһ
лǰͶлһ䡣
ⲻһС⣬ħԨ֮Уɲûʲôħ쵭˵
ǰ⻰˼ǣԣü΢΢һħȻǻл
ոҲˣΪħԨ֮У׼˺ֶܶΣ³Ǹɫħʬ⣬ĵҲ˵һǾѺǾģϾжԼҪҿ⣬ð֮ǰ˵ģµСʱ䣬һͨʬǣħֱ˵
ħ˻üͷ
ħ˻ȻҪΪԼҲûԡ
ĵȷʵһȻɱܡ
ǿԼʵԵֵġ˭Ҳ޷֤ϺǷʲô֡
֮⣬ڰǱԼһ㣬ָоâڱ֮ȥ
ǺãҽͨǽǰҲԣħ֮⣬øһöħԪҲǰ֮ǰŵġƬ̧̣ͷ˵
Ȼû⡣ħӦ˵ͷ˵
ǿҪΪǰѰһ˵ƻħħԪҪ೤ʱ䣿ɫһ漴һ£ʵ
Ѱҵصˣ⼸ͨ챮Ҳ˴ʬħƣҲ·˲ڻѵʱҲҪ٣ձ㹻ˣӰ첻˽̡ħǺһЦ˵ƺг
ħ˵ˣһӣȡͨǽħ죬漴ȡһѵĲϣħħħԪĸϡ
Щ׼ˡ
ãֻҪһָ˲ֻһ룬ܵ챮ıԴȡ쾵ֵİˡħḧͨǣо˸
һӣһɻҰ֮Щס
ģֻҪΪħԪС°ˡħ֣سŵ
ãǾͰˣֻҪ㲻ˣСС˵ͷ˵
ٺ٣ıǡħɫһɫЩΡ
ħ콫Щ֮󣬱һεתƵ˻챮ռطмΧĻҰɫܱտռȻɢ
֣ΣոֳΣǧӱ˹Щѯʵ
ҲλʸϵĿ඾Ѿɾֻ̫أڻ״̬Ѿްˡһ֣һɺ˻ʸǵ壬ǧӱǰ
л֣ǧӱĿһɨʸǣæмĳлһ
ó˿̷ҲǲС
ֻҪʸڵĿ඾ƶη壬ϴŵĸ鵤ҩܿ
ѲʵǿᣬԵҩ֮Ҳ˾ͨʵ֮һߵŷۼ˾ɸ̾һ˵
ŷѹˡҲûнʲôһЦ
ʱǧӱҪʸƣ˱ڻ챮ռ˴յĹ⾰
ʸǵƲ֣ܿסǴڻ֮УҲ֪Ҫòˡ
ħѾô˻Ὺʼڻ챮ռħΪ»ʸѺʸתƵɽռ֮С
⣬Ы˻챮֮УħħͬʱҲԹ۲ħһһ
˾٣ħֻǺٺһЦû˵ʲôƺĬ˴˾١
ЫжţҲࡣ
Щ˱뿪˻챮ռ䡣
ħԨڴһ˻ھ
˱ҲԶһڣϢȴ
ϥĬĬתڷ
ħԨ֪Ϊ˵ħ֮棬սķƺ־˲٣Ѿ󾳺ڵƿֻҪħƳħԪаտԳԳһƿ


1371 
һ˿ϲɫ漴һȡһɫƵ
ǸߺʵĴ﷨֮ΪʱȵԵʣûкúÿкζ
ſһɺס˺ɫ
κ۾һ˿ϲɫ
ߺΪߺҵͨܣȻǼΪḻ
֮ǰħʬ壬һѰ
֮⣬˵ģħһ֣ǧ֮࣬һЩķƷ
Ϊľ磬ЩȻ󣬶ȴǼΪޣһЩߺռĹ伮Ȥ
ͻȻкڹһһɫƥһĶֳһ˿µƣ֮ǰߺʽ֮භ֮֮⣬һɫ
еĺڲ漴Ŀ˺ɫ֮ϣиֳһĨŨŨϲɫ
ڲֻ壬֪Ǻֲɣ̺׵֮ͬСɣĿãԻûսףħҲ޷նƣνͳ̶ȷͬСɡ
Ӹߺʬϵõ֮ԽһֱûгɹոѰߺʵĴҵ˴˱һЩ˿
ǺɫϽܣڲΪɴǸߺǰһϹżżõһ̺һ˿׵編֮Ժ׵繦ศɣһֱǸߺʵѹħ
ֻɴԶַɼļַϸ֮ϡ
ȻǸ˲ѣ׷ħĿЧǷͬСɵģ֮ǰ㽫ƴɣַӡоףɴҲΪã˵һѵõĹؼ汸챦
һˣſһɺסɴɿ
ҵʱûжóʱ˴ʹԼʵһӦħԨпܻΣ

֮ħԨڸͻȻ˫ĿзһХλȻվ˫Ŀ˸
Աߵļ״Ҳ֮վ
ã⼸յĴϢʵҲָˡȻˣˡĿһɨ漴˵ͷ
䣬Ҳδ˿˵ִһ΢磬˷ɵħԨ֮ǰ
ηһأ˵ķּһöħԨ֮Կһɺڹбסˡ
ಡһڹ⴩͸ħԨڴĽƣֱӷ˽ȥʧ١
ʱħԨǰֳ⣬֮ɢ¶һˣǡ
תһ۲Զĵ棬ǾĽɫħʬǱ˿ȴǺ޶вɵ˿
ҵѾȥˣ²˳٣ҲЩȥɡŷ˵ţȡһöħԨ֮ԿִħԨ֮Կʱɢһɫâסˡ
ħԨδȻ֮ܿͬʱ룬Կܻ֮ҽҪǧСġɫЩص˵
ǧӱŷԣɫҲһݣ֮˵ͷ
ţŷзһ֮£˵ĺڹһķħԨ֮С
ħԨڸĳƬɫ޻߿Уɫһ΢֮һɫ鸡ֶħԨڴ
һΪһɻҹ⣬ٶɢ˰ա

ֻǰɫһģҲ֮һᡣ
ٴοǰʱȴԼһɫĿռ֮УǧӱŷˣֱڲԶ
˴ĿռһߵӣһһĲԴɽƮŶƣΪ
ħԨڲŷת״һȦ¶˾ɫ
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Եѿ֪ͨڶŷ鿪ʵ
ҾͲö֪ˡǧӱü΢壬ҡҡͷ
йħԨ飬ʳҲǾ֮£ֻмµͨڲһЩ
ϧʸڻڻ֮УʳܶϢ
ԭŷԣ¶ʧ֮ɫ
ǧӱҲ̾˿漴Ŀһת׿һۡ
ȻħԨһ֪ϵǸħС϶֪ܶ顣
оǧӱĿ⣬ȴҡҡͷ
ħ˿ڻ챮ħ˹ؼʱ̣޷ġ
ħԨڲħûк˵ֻڵϵ
ҵ˲˸ãȷͷͨڶͨҵ˱ԹΪѶšħŨȻһ㿴ûʲôΣգλСĽЩźáĿ˵һ䡣
˴ռ֮Ȼ羰ħȴǳŨħԨҴ˴Ȼ޷ʶ̽⣬ֻȥѰڡ
ŷǧӱһۣҲ׷׵˵ͷ
漴ѡһ򣬷ɶݶȥ
ȫų⣬һģӰʼɿɽ֮С
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Ͽ֮Уŵĺ·ɫһ㣬ȴһΪŨħЩħ·󷨽סһ㣬ûӳ
΢һȥϿȲûжܿ㵽˵ײ
Ͽ֮ףĸģһƽ̹֮أƺɹһ㣬ΧһЩƵĽܾǰס
ħĻħԨ˵Ϲħ˵һƶǱЩ˾סڴҲĺܡ
ЩϷжСӺһϿȵײĿݾϿա
ħ֮ݾðģڶס
벻һħԴĿһ˵һ䡣
ǰħԴɢħ֮ǳŨĿǰʶõһħԴѹϿħŨ
ȻħԴ֮ӦһЩȴûйȥѰңϿѰһ飬ûзͨĴڣܿ뿪˴˴
ܿ죬Ⱥɽ֮Ѱһʱ
һʱѰȻûҵͨڶͨҲǺ޷֡
˴ռ֮ħŨȴûһֻħ޴ڣôʱ䣬ûյκεϮħԨΣصĻ£Ϊ˼顣
Ⱥɽ֮з˺üħԴѹִ˵ħŨÿħԴ֮ظһЩ
ͷת²µħԨһô˳ɱϹħһ֮ء
ڴ˿̣ɫ΢䣬ηɵ˸߿գĿ⳯Զȥ
ֻԶ֮Уһڹ漴ΪһƬɫ棬ɿ
Ѿҵ𣿡ɫһϲλһӰɳ۶ȥ
Ƭ̹˺ɫķ֮һͬһֱվɽ帽
ɽ֮һƬߴĵã¿Ȼǳŷ˿վһĵ֮ǰæת


1372 ħʬ
ѣˡŷк
ĪŷѾҵ˵ڶͨһεŷԣʵ
û´ĻͨӦþ֮УҪͨȴЩ鷳ŷ˵ͷ
ԣĿ⿴
ȴųһƬſĳֽƣʹʶ޷̽зֺ
üͷ΢΢һҪ˵Զһƿ֮
˻ͷȥȴһɫݹķƬ̺󣬶ݹһֳǧӱΣδվȣ㳯һֵʵ֣ŷѣ֣
֮һͨϷͨħʬΪѲŷ˵ͷ˵
ǧӱŴԣɫ΢΢һ
ŷѿѾǽˣصʵ
ŷ˵ͷڵҸո䷢㷢ͨȴħʬ͵Ϯҿֲ˳ˣͷħʬƺ뿪˳֮ǲû׷
ˣӦܶԸͷħʬ˰ɡǧӱŷһۣ˵
ҲΪģԲŵλһͬȥԡŷ˵㡣
ȻˣȥɣѾ֮˲ʱ䣬ҪץһЩˡĿһ˿˵
ŷǧӱԴȻûһ˷׷һ䱸ģ
ǧӱ㵥һļǸɫ󶦣³Ƭɫϼ⣬ͷŷкڹһжһͷԼһͳعХ֮ȻûмҲ˵ڹ⡣
Щ˲һε̤ǰĴ
֮йЩ谵˵Ӱ쵹Ҳޡ
濴ûʲô֮ŷ쳣ǧɿʮ֮ߡ
ڿյһֻ࣬ʮ֧ݶľʯڴһϵĽݣݵľͷһڡ
Ȼ޷ʶȥӦǴʲôƾֱжϣӦñͨڶڡ
ŷ֮ǰڽԱߣվͷɸߵĺɫӰͷŻɫ׵ħʬ
ͷħʬϵƤǳֲڣ͸ɿݵƤ࣬ȻƲߣɢϢ˿֮ǰ԰Ĺħʬ
ŹֵǣͷħʬĴƺһֱ۴ϸĺɫĶһû˴ĵ¡
ħʬ˽зһ˻˲仯ΪӰɿĳ˹
ɫ΢䣬԰֮ͨħʬǹħʬжһ㶼Ƚϳٻͷһٶ֮ħʬ
ಣ
һͷħʬǧӱһͷħʬȴǳ˹
СģЩħʬǳ󣬶쳣Ӳŷ鼱æһ˫Ȼסɫսǰ͵һΡ
һƿճХӴ˵ϴڵâһɫսȻһʮɳĺɫâǧӱħʬնȥ
ʵǿģǲæ
ͷɫħʬͺһξûͣ·ֺһֻںڵħצһ̽ŷĺɫսӲƴһǡ
ﬣ
ɫâһ飬ɫսȻһɣŷֻһɾ͸Ϯһͬ˳ȥ
һԵǧӱĻһ
ڴ˿̣һֻںڵħצһӰ˴ŮǰħצδһѾһϮ
ǧӱһݣһֱһ̧һָصĳͷɫһ㡣
ɫ󶦵һתȻϹŲǴֱںħצһҶȥ
䡱һ죡
ħʬһֻצӺݺݻɫ֮ϣɫֱӻĵ˳ȥ
ǧӱɫ󶦵˳ȥ䵽ʮס壬΢΢ɫЩ԰ס
ŷϾѾħʬ֣˾飬סκ˫һصٴηͬʱһкɫսɴСİµâħʬնȥ
µâٶȼ죬һصĹХ֮УֱӻգһŵĿħʬϡ
µâ˲飬ħʬҲһǧӱչĺӲϡ
ڴ˿̣ɫϸ˿һԼ˴˽֯ĻΪһɫħʬֶ£ȴǧӱסκ󣬴߶ɫ󶦷ķ
ħʬ⧲һ±ɫ棬ľֻһ̱˳
εĽ֣ǧӱŷ˵ЩħʬӲʲô˼ˡ
˵ħЩħʬϣܽ⣬˲ֺħʬһȭһŵѰȴþˣһɽ˴ħĻɳȥ
˺ܿҲӦħʬĹֶΣ֣һͷħʬҲֲܱʤܡ
һߣɫӰڴб˴׷𣬴ӰĺϺ£Ҳ׷֮
ʩչӰһͷħʬ໥׷
ħʬٶ죬ٶҲΪóǱħʬһһԹ۲ɫħʬԣһҲҪȿŷǱǷӦ㡣
˿̣ŷǱߵȶһɣһ٣ͬһ㶤ڵϣת˺ħʬ
ħʬ׷˰죬ͣʱһͺһֻħһģ·һһֱؿһ£Ҫһڳࡣ
۾һУͷɫӡǹâţƤ渡ֳһµĺɫħƣҲһžĹ죬˲䲦һء
һ̣ȻɾתǴ˽һĺɫȭͷӭħʬħצһʱһξӿ
顱һ죡
ŵŵվ壬ȭͷϴʹֻѿСӣѪܿ˳׹һת˿ڱ׷ױպ϶ϣˡ
ħʬҲ˳ȥͬʱվ壬ͺһٴ
һһ㣬ź浹ȥ
ħʬ֮£͸ʤⲫȻ
ħʬкһħʢָһ֣պݺһץϸĺɫצâһ¼γһݺύצգۼ䵽ǰ
ȴǲŲæĵһһ׵һɫֶϣΪһɫƳۡ
Ȼɴ⼸յʱ䣬ѾĲˣڴһ
дͳɫƳ۱ʱ׹һɫ׻ɫצ׵˺ɢһա
ɫһϲɴ֮¼һ飬Ľɫ׵ħĿãڸߺ
һӣħħлһɫâļһģ֮£ħʬǰɫâţźХƿ͵һն¡
ħʬзһͺһֻħצһӣҪͨɫâɡ


1373 Źֺ
״ϲɫһʢһӣɫââţһɳɫУնħצ֮ϡ
ꡱһɫħצɾıħնϡ
ħʬɫһƺЩûзӦһ˲ŷĺ֮ϵֱճĺɫҺ壬ɢȳζ
ж˿δͣһ䣬ħĵâһתһӰնħʬĲ
ħʬԹһοȻ֪ħеæſһϸѪ⣬ħ֮ϡ
һ죬Ѫ⿴ƽƽ棬Ҳ֪ǺͨȻħһɡ
ħʬûʮ⡣
ڴ˿̣ħʬĺɫ֮ϺĸֳһһڹѸޱȵע뵽ħʬϡ
ħʬ̸ֳɫħƣѵ⴦һźɫ֣һ󣬺ɫзɿĳһոµֱۡ
⡭ոٻħУĻʱЩĿɿڴ
ħʬзһϲĵͺ𣬻һ³ֱ̧ۣܿͷ׹˸
׵һ̧ħצһƬŨڹ⼤һһںھֱȥ
ɫɫüͷһ壬һħֶһεʧԶͬʱһֱֳ̧֮һִĽɫ绡˸ҫ۴Ŀ
ֱǰһӣɫ绡һ֯£۳һʮɳĽɫһģ֮£˺ɫϡ
¡¡
һ֮ɫϱɫ绡£һһʧ١
ħʬĿͨͬСɣħʬһ͡
ħʬȻ˲䣬佣һģһɫС
ָһţмһɫ绡ս֮ϡ
սڽɫâİ֮£ɿǴתۼ仯ΪʮɴСľ޽绡˫
һսһΪţħʬֶȥħҲħʬһֶɫâסħʬ·
ɫħʬۼܵУдһһתƬħϿӿ۳һ޴ĺɫɫ裬ȫ»档
һ̣ɫӰɫââ⽻֯˸ɫ걻֣֧Ƭ̣ڻǷ׷ɢ
飡
һնײľ촫漴ħʬŭлһɫӰӲӵ⽣ӰӼʮ⡣
ֻǴ˿̵ħʬΪǱȫ¶ദˡ
ĺɫڹһɫٴθֶסħʬ壬ϵ˿ۿɼٶȷɿ
ۼ˾ɫһĿһתħʬĺɫϣйâһ
дʣֳֻɫᡣ
һȻʧ
һ̣ӰħʬȰ㸡ֶһɫâмȻնħʬǸɫ֮ϡ
ħʬ˿δָȫûϵͻȻϮиֳһ˿֮ɫȻתſѪ⣬̶ļХȥ
ЦһһӣȻǴʮһɫǽǰ
飡
Ѫ˺ɫǽϣɫǽ͵һ𣬽ɫ绡ֶѪâɢ¶˼żѪɫݡ
ɫ绡Ѫɫ֮ϣѪɫҲ׹ѿ
һ˺Ѳ֮ڲ֪˶ºħЩѵնħʬĺɫϿڴʱ˴ƬĺɫҺ塣
Сɫ΢䣬ɫĸо͵Ԩ֮Щīʮֵơ
ɫնϣħʬϸֳЩʴӵľɫ
һϲзɿдʣֱ֮Ͻɫ绡ţ֮Ȼһָϸɫ׹⡣
ڷӡľף
ɫ׹һһ̱ħʬǰ
ɫħʬƺҲо˾׵ĻϢ͵һһ֮Ϻɫħӿȫǰ۳һĺɫ֡
һ
ħ۶ɵĺɫھǰ·ֽһ㣬׶ɫ׹漴һŵغħʬļ֮ϡ
ɫħʬҽһ巭ŵȥϺȻһ׻¶һȭͷСĴ󶴣˿ΧһƬ
üһնǸɫ֮ħʬķƺҲ½˲٣˿Ҳٳֿٻظ
ɫһϲдʣִһ
ħʬзҽУһͦҪվ壬ϴ˿һƵɫ绡ӣȻûһվ
ڴ˿̣ħʬΧɫһһɫɵֶɫ̵ϲһɫ׹⣬ɢ֮
ɫɵһģһӴħʬü֮һ̺ȻħʬĺԶ
ɫħʬɫһ֮еѸȥӴȻ¡
һٻħкսĿһתһߵսϡ
ǧӱһͷħʬս˿ҲݱĽţһʱ֮侹ûע⵽ߵ
ͷɫħʬԽսԽ£۳һ޴ʬӰϴӿһִʬ
ǧӱŷ˿̶ͷų˸Եķ࣬ŸԵħſסͷħʬĹǿƽ֡
һɫââһӰɲǼʧԭء
һ̣ιȰͷħʬĺɫɿĽһնʱɫ׻ɫâʮεһն˺ɫ֮ϡ
ٶȴߵ˼£ںǧӱ˼ħʬӦķȻתȴǶ
ħʬŭһǧӱŷ鲻ܲˣʬӰ˫һֻʮɴСĺɫƣĹȥ
䶯Գ˰֣ʮֵֻһ֮£㽫ɫնϣϿڴɫ׻Ʋѡ
ͬʱϺţһȫɫħƵĺɫ˷มֶһֻ޴ȭͷӭֻɫƺȥ
ˣ
ɫħƷȭͷħʬʬײһʬ౻һɫȭͷغħʬϣȻ˳ȥ
ѣǧӱŷۼĻʱ¶ϲ֮ɫ
漴æͷ࣬ħʬ
ŷİ˻ħһץĺڹֳһֻʵʵľ޴ںڰ˽ǹǴһ֮´ɭħݺħʬķࡣ
ǧӱɫиֳһž޴ɫһ֮£ʮɫʸŴ̶ƿɫħʬͬʬС
һı
ɫħʬŭʬ໹Ǻܿ챻ŷǧӰĹķ顣
ҲصĴ䵽˴ĵϣһ޴졣
ħʬӲûյʲô˺һվ


1374 
ڴ˿̣ಡһ
һ̫۵ɫâ֪ʱԣĲһת
ħʬֺһȻһȥոգԴӲϵӴصڵϣ֫˼£ܿ㲻ˡ
ɫһΪһɫСಡһɻС
һͷĺɫӰΪڡ
ǧӱŷˣҲ˿ջ˷࣬䵽ԡ
û뵽ͷħʬ֮ǰĹħʬҪ١ǧӱһԱߵͷħʬĿתԶǸ̴üĵħʬü΢˵
ЩħʬָǿҸոտնħʬǸɫĪΪǶԵʣŷҲüͷתͷʵ
˼ĵ˵ͷߵϵǸѵĺɫԱߣ
һͷû˴£˿̶ѴȻڻɫҺ壬ճ쳣
⾿ʲôǧӱҲ˹ŷĿһɨɫʵ
ˣ԰ǰĺɫ֦мơǧӱ뵽ʲôһ㣬Ŀڵ
ŷһ漴Ҳ˵ͷ
ûв´ӦҲǾīĴ룬ֻǲ֪ôȴЩɫħʬںһ𡣸ովΪⴥ밵иħʬṩʬħħʬŻǲⴥնϣЩħʬɱĬ˺һŵͳ˵
ŷǧӱɫһ䣬ǶȻҲ翴ħʬŵĺɫ룬˹ǶԸħʬͺľˣпȥ
ԭˡǧӱ˵ͷҪ˵ʲôԭſſڵϵĺɫһ̧ͷ
˿ɫһ䣬͵һ㣬峯ź浹ȥ
ǧӱɫҲǴ䣬ź󷽷ȥ
ɫƺȫûȤڰζƺڸӦʲô
ͬʱԶնϵһҲͬ飬·һ»һ㣬
ಣ
ɫȻΪӰһŵûͷѾȥħʬڡ
ɫһ䣬ƺ뵽ʲô
ɫûħʬ֮ħʬ̷˺ɫ档
ɫ֮УͷѾȷʵħʬ͵ضһ¡
뿪ͨͷħʬϾҪˡһϵĽݣϷڷȥ
һ߼ٷɳۣͬʱпЦ
ոսʱбһʡ
ҵ˱ԼħԨ˿һûзټȻѽ˵ڶˡ
Ϊҵ˴֮ͨ󣬾Ȼͷħʬԭħʬǿ޸ģǺīĴĹ
ǧӱѺҲʶһ㣬æ
Ƭ̺˺ڹһȺ֮ͨС
ڷ֮ͨǰת׿·һֻۣͷԴ򴩵ħʬѾվҲʼֵڹ⣬ѿ
һ̣ǰһģӾָ˳һɫ֮С
˶ʱһǺܿнĿ⾯ĳΧȥ
һͷħʬڶ˭֪ʲôĶء
Ĵ쳣ߴǧ֮㣬ҲжʮɣһֺɫʯɣΧǽݵҲ쳣ƽ
ŲԲʯʯעһЩġ
֮⣬ϻһЩӶʯۼǳ£ĻһЩɫǵĲ֫Ĵɢڵϡ
Щ֮⣬ƺûʲôΣյϢŵĺܿ
ǵڶˣƺһŷĿ⳯Χ´ţ˵
ҵ˸ոѾͨˣһκģĹｻ֡ǰһɫǣۣӵе˵
ҵ˲ûпϢۼǳǸȥˡǧӱĿӦƬ̣һָ̧һ˵
˴澡ͷǽϣʮͨͨ˷ǧӱָָһͨͨͨ
²˳٣Ҳȥɡɫһϲ˴޷ʹʶ̽飬޷ܵ˲µĺۼǧӱͷɫСޣ˿Ӧ˴޵ͨ
ǧӱûж˺ܿϢķû֮ͨС
˴ͨõȴһɫʯ飬ߺʹƽ룬ʮɣȴֻһַǳѹֵĸо
ͨĳΪ´˴Ҳ壬ߵñȽСӲŵ˾ͷ
ͨͷһʮɴСʯңʯһ̳ģʯ̨̳˺Ȼһʯţɢĺڹ⣬Ȼһͨڡ
̳ĵҲвսĺۼɢһЩǲӦ˻ɱͨ˴ͨѾħԨȥˡ
벻ȴȫȻѹ򣬱ҵ˵ͨɫһϲһҪֱӷϼ̳
ĿһƳһԵǧӱŷˣͣ
λôˣ϶ֳɫҲûжǿʵ
ѣǸ֪ܷڴ˵ͣһʱ䣬⴦֮лʮͨǶ̽һ飬ҵһЩйǬ׻Ϣŷһ£˵
ŴԣĿһ
СŮӺŷһҲڴͣһ£˴ҪĶǧӱҲڣЩǸĶ˵
ļˣλĿĺ²ͬȻж΢΢һЦ˵
ŷһϲлһ
ڴ΢ȴһȥͨڴ˴Ӧܺܿ̽ϡŷһϲ˵ǧӱҲ˵ͷ
Ҳͬаɣ˴˵ΣգһжȽϰȫڵ
лѡŷ˴ϲǿߣȻܹࡣ
漴ͨԭ·ص˴漴һ£߽Ա߽ŵһͨ
һͨ͸ո˽ĴͬС죬;ʯ·ΧʯڼӲһ·Ϻ״
ңͨһ䣬ǾͷˣǰȻһڳʯңںĿ
ڴ˿̣˽΢΢һ漴ǰʯдһû˷Ӧʯ֮иֳ˵̹⣬漴ϰٵͬϸǵصļ
侪ңԷɿչ˷
ϴɴսۣ嵹Ҳûֻһӣϸֳ˵ɫ绡˿һ㣬һεĵǰ档

һܼĴǽȴһɫļʸվǰ棬ʮֻϣ󣬲ɴ׵˵ϡ
Щжߣӳԡ
󲿷ֽϣҲһЩԽˣûߵʯ棬ڱڼ䣬бϣʯڷѣɢء
Ŀڽɫʸһɨǰĺڰ֮С
󣬡һǰʯ֮ȼŻ棬Ŀռ䡣
ʯ֮кȻվһʮͷɫãɸߣȼɫ棬ϴƾսףսжһŰ׹ǹ


1375 ʯ

Щɫ÷׷׵ͺһĸֹ䣬Χ
ŷǧӱһԽʯ֮С
ǧӱδƶ̹һᵯϹϯһ½ͷý˷顣
ŷ˫һӣȭӰţÿȥöʱΪ˹Ƿۡ
ЩȻߴ󣬵ʵҲ൱ڻڵʿǧӱ˵Ķ֡
ȴûнȥĿɿɨʯ֮Уռ˸ոȥǼʯҲ
յֻпʯڸмɫľܣһЩʲô
ûж࿴ܿջĿ⣬һתԵЩɫʸϡ
ЩɫʸһΪĿʯɣмֵ
һ̧һɺԵİ֧˹
ͬʱʯ֮еŷǧӱҲѷư㣬Щúɱһա
Ŀһת䵽ʯļԡ
ϵҲһЩһЩʯԭϵû̫ļֵоһϣڷһЩϾɵԼùħдһЩ֡
ŷˣһ˿ʧ
ʵҲĿеõǬ׻ħԨ߲㣬ڵڶǲеģǬ׻¹һ˿һĿҲҷŹ
ħԨӵͲ߲ͨһڹȥȴû²ߵİ취һˣûа취ȥˡ
ǧӱЩʯԭҲû˿Ȥϵȴһ˿ϲɫɿķġ
˿Ҳ˽ǰȡһ
ԹħҲһЩоϵҲܹǿһЩŷȴǶԹħ֪࣬ЩȻҲûʲôȤ
ϵԷһ飬صĶһЩճһĶݴ󲿷ֶһЩйعħʿʵĵˡ
ûʲôмֵĶ˵
ǧӱҲ¶ʧɫе
ʯַһûҵ󣬱ܿ뿪˴˴̽һͨ
ʱ֮˽ڶȫ̽һ顣
ЩͨǴͬС죬ͷһ޼ʯңǿտҲżʿҲûʲôмֵĶѹҶﲻȤ
߰ɣȥһ㡣˺ܿص˼̳ʯ֮У˵ͨ
Ƭ̺˳һ޴ޱȵ¶㳡֮ϡ
㳡ռܴ󣬲жʮĶмָʮÿ򶼱һȦʯ֣ƺಢڴ˵̨һ㡣
㳡ϿǻƵĻΧܿһЩֵ۱滹ãֻ󶼿յһƬƺһͷС
䱸ĴΧûΣղ΢
Ŀ⳯Χ˼ۣͻȻһɵ˰գ˫Ŀ֮â
ħԨ۵ף󣬷Բֻмʮ󲿷ֵ򶼱ǰĹ㳡ͷռˡ
ɫһ
ħ֪йħԨϢĿǰŲħԨÿһƺһЩضĳ
ħԨһռܴкܶħԴħ쳣ŨӦϹħ˵֮ڶ㿴Ϲħ˼ĳǰĵ㣬ƺǷк䳡
һȥ
һҲҸոϸһ£ûз֮˵ټѾĲ֮ϡ˵
Ŵ˻ǧӱɫһɣ漴̾˿
֮ȻҺ棬ħԨеĺö඼һˣ˽ħԨڣûҵʲôı
ôͨĲڰɣԵѣܸӦ˵ĲϢ𣿡˵
ǧӱԱ˫ۣƬ֮۾һҡҡͷУ˴ռȽϴϢѾƮɢ޷֪ˡ
¶һ˿ʧ漴˵ǻһͷжɣѰͨڣӦòûѶ೤ʱ䡣һʬأֻħʬûҪǧСġ
ǧӱŷ˵˵ͷ漴˷ɢΧȥ
䳡Ƭߴǧӱŷзȥ
һ̽Ѱ޹ĳ۵ɫǰ
ǰɫԼĪʮɸߣһ㵭ɫΣȻǱʩĳֽơ
Ű뿪һЩڵĿռ䡣
¶֮ɫϵֳɫ׹⡣
ƿ˴ţ˽ȥһ谵ĺɫȶʱǰ
˽ȥųȺܿߵ˾ͷһɢ׹Ľʯųǰ
ѵɫһϲߵʯԱһƣʯȴΡȻ
Ŀһͺһһȭʯ֮ϡ
ʯ̸ֳһĿ׹⣬סȭͷ
оһȭƺ޻һ㣬ʯž˿
ڵһɽҲһȭ򵹣ȻκβССʯš
ѵҪʲôֶβܴ򿪣ջȭͷĿʯ֮ϡ
漴üһʯŵİ׹ֳ֮һЩĻƣһֱȽϤĸо
ˣħԨ֮ԿɫһϲȡħԨ֮Կ֮£ʯŰ׹еͼȻԿϵĻƺ
ѵðһͷִһħԨ֮Կϡ
ħԨ֮Կ̷˺ɫâȻķƯʯ֮ǰ
Կâһһڹʯ֮ϡ
ʯűͼ׹һдһǡ漴򿪣¶һĴ
ڴ˿̣ʯűĸֳһ׹УಡһħԨ֮Կ˽ȥ
ɫһ˸˲ʧ٣·ûгֹһ㡣
ɫ䣬ûӦħԨ֮ԿѾɫ˽ȥʧˡ
ô£
һ
ĿǰõѶϢħԨ֮ԿпǹŴħ彫еһͨħԨƾ֤
ħԨУħԨ֮ԿҪԲԶ¾ȻôûˣȻޱȡ
ԭش˰ΣҲûʲô취ֻ̾˿ϵù
֮һ߽˴
ֻʮɴСƺһ˵鷿һ㡣
żӣƹһĵ伮ȶ
ﱻֵĹϵЩոµһ㣬һ˿ҳҲûС
ԱÿһСξݷһ¯һɵƮ
һڷűīֽȶһжոޱȡ
֪˵ѾķãҪΪոջˡ
Ŀڴ֮תһȦ漴Աߵϡ
ɢɫĹâľʳֳһȻħ½һľͭҬľ
ӦǺ쳣ͭҬľ
ľľԷļƷϣȻܣʵ̫ݳޡ


1376 ջ
ִϳһᣬһɫ΢΢һ䡣
еᣬȻһ˹ħ󷨽Ƶĵ伮
֮ҲЩоеⱾ伮ϼص󷨣ޱȣǬҪ˵ˡ
̾˿ȡһ伮Ծǽ󷨵ġ
һĿԱߵϿ˼ۡ
ߵܣֱɣܹĸ
ÿ϶һֹħ˱ǣȻ޷ħĵĺ壬²ݵġ
ոշߵһϵĵ伮
ɿĽĸϵĵ伮һ飬¶˿ϲ֮ɫ
²ĸϵĵ伮вء
ֵһϰڷŵй֮ĵ伮ߵڶ϶֮࣬٣ݴйؾݻı顣
ֱߵϵߵҪٺܶ࣬һϵһЩйᡣڶϰڷŵֻ߰öȻ˸ħط
ɫһ˿죬ħԨô꣬Щ伮ӦöϹħʱڵģֵ֮Ȼ޷
ոֻǴҴһ㷢Щ伮󷨣طħ伮󶼼ΪֻЩûʲôô壬ʳȴѰı
һɿĽĸϵĶսֽ֮С
Щǧӱǿǧӱʳݣ֪˱ȻǸ鷳
Щ伮ȫд󳩣֮ǰʧȥħԨ֮ԿҲ֮һɨգĿһת˵ϵЩ¯֮ϣɫĺһ
ߵһ¯Աߣ˿һƢĵ˱ǶԭЩ֪ôƽ
¯ǣֻ¯֮лŰز㣬ɫ죬ͷϨ
ز㣬һɸŨЩ̴㣬Ǵɢġ
زȻָֻ̣ȴǳأ͸һɺ⡣
кѵ׺㣿˵
׺ħ½ԣһִ˵еʥΪħ֮鸡꣬ǺƫħʶΪ֮ʱħΪأв߻ħɥʧǡ
ħ֮ڶԿħϣעء׺ʹƽľħħ˽װ֪֮ˡ
Ҳֻڵ伮Ͽ׺ļأ޷ȷб֮ǷǣӦð˾Ųʮ
ȡһϻӣа֮漴ֵе¯п˿ҲһЩ̲һֲ㣬æҲ
ϵļ¯Ҳ˳¯Ĳ꺮мֵ
ôණ֮ҲԵÿտֻʣǰһĴڴ˴
һ첽ߵ֮ǰϸ˼ۡ
ĲϺһȻͭҬľ
ӰڷһɫֽԱһʺī⣬īڣƺ֮ǰд֡
ϸ˿ЩīֽŶѰ֮ֻһֽ䴦һȭͷСĽɫɢ⣬ƺǱַֽ֮á
һ˽ɫ
塭һǳö
¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫԲ״Ӳĺθڡﲢûɢ˿ۼƺֻѰ
üһ͸һɷע뵽˽ɫ֮С
侪ȵһĻˣ
ڷע̷ǿҵĽ⣬ϸֳһȦɫģһɹķɢ
ɫһ䣬ȻˣɫȻһħ
ڴ˿̣һֻһȴ֮ЩͳͬʱԽɫΪģиֳһȦȦĵΧɢȥ
δʲôӦȴ͵һˣħ㴩ʴǣʶ·һ±ߵһ㡣
һڣ·͵رһ£ʹޱȣһģһתһˤ˵ϡ
ɫʱеȥһ뿪ƣϵĽʱɢָԭƽģڵϹ˼˼
͵ʹϢ˼ҡҡͷʶķƽϢľʹҲܿƽ
תڷתû̫Ӱ죬в˿ܿվϵĽɫĿþɲ
˹죬˿̿ͨľȻᱻţȻ徹Ȼһɲ챦
һСĵĽӵϼԥһ£ǽսֽ֮С
ƺһķƺ֮ҲǼǿµʺϳ
ʱ䣬ǸҲֽ֮еĶϸѰһ顣
Ƭ̹֮󣬴֮Ѿһ
Ŀ⳯Χȥиֳ˺ɫ
˴֪Ǻ˵鷿Ȼ˸챦ӦҲϹʱڵһΪĴ֮ʿ
ֿ˴һۣ˳ȥܿ뿪ɫ
ɫͣһԱߵһߴǰ
˽Ʊݣݶһʯֱ죬·һ޴ìһ㡣
ݽųɢŨʬ
ɫ΢䣬΢һԥ󣬻ǻ˽ȥ
֮ں͸ոյɫһҲȣҪܶ࣬ת˼תһɫųǰȻ͸ոյǸɢ׹ʯһģһ
ǰʯѾ򿪣ſȥȻһɢڹĹţͨڡ
ϲ漴ĿһڹԱߣվһͷͨʴɫħʬԱ߻ͷɫá
ͷħ֮ǰһħʬһ㣬һī룬һû˵¡
ɫһͷħɢϢ쳣ǿ󣬻ͷɫħʬ֮ϡ
رǾߴɫħʬһεսԶĸоսɢɱ⡣
ʱûóͼϢ˿Ϣһ̱еͷħ֪Ȼת׿⡣
ħʬȻһ廯ΪһɫӰ˻ȥٶѸޱȡ
Ӱδһ̵Ѿһƿ䵽ǰ
ɫ΢һ㣬Ҳͺ⣬ĿɫâŴ̶ļХ
ɫ΢䣬ȴû¶η֮ɫĿȻεض𣬳źĳȵȥתۼʧ˳֮С
¡¡
ͷħĹ˳֮ϣ޴̳ɲǼȡ
׺ݵĵͺӳͷħûм׷
һڹӱݽзĿյϣһֳ塣
һ̧֣һڹ⼤ֱ죬漴һźɫΧըѿ
ЩдԻâʮɽ龡ֶת
ĿŴڣԴ


1377 
һȥ֮е𶯻ƽϢͷħȴû׷
һ˿ɻ󣬱ڴ˿̣һɫݹԶԣһֳŷΡ
ѣĪǷ˵ĲͨڣŷһֳΣЩȲĳʵ
˵ͷĿ⿴汤ݴڡ
ŷ˳Ŀȥɫһϲ
ڴʱԶһɫݹɶݶȴǧӱŮҲźţ̸˹
֣ӣѵħʬǧӱԵɽһۣһ˵
һͷɫħʬͷɫÿأźī룬ϢϿ֮ǰڵһͷħʬҪϼֵġص˵
˻棿ŷһ˻ɫȴ΢΢һ䡣
ŷѱ𼱣ͷħӦúͷħʬһ޷뿪ĴΪǻȫ֮ٽȥΪá˵
֪ѿкζԲߣŷüͷ壬һʱƺ벻ʲôԲߣɵðĿ⿴
ĿһƳȴԵǧӱƺѾ⣬˵ԹǷѾߣ
ߵ˵СŮӸڴ˵صõһ챦ڴ˿óǧӱ΢һ˵
ɫһ漴ϲǺαԹʾ
ǧӱ˵ͷ漴ǰһӣڹƾնʮƴСĺɫԲ
ЩɫԲɢڹ⣬΢֮
Щǡħʮ֮࣡ɫһ䣬ѿڶ
ǧӱЩɫԲʮκȻеħһģһʮԲɢĺڹԶеħܶࡣ
ŷĿ⿴ЩɫԲҲ΢΢һ㵡
ѾȻ֪ħǧӱһ䣬Щȵ˵
ǰҼ˱ʱֻöȴʮöڽħҲ֪࣬ԹָһɫɫȥЦ
ָ㲻˵СŮҲֻһʸҵпصļأħ˱ǴϹʱһֹħټĳħ˵ʮöԲһֽħ󣬴˵ͨڵĹħ塣ǧӱЦһ£˵
ʶħܣħкܴĿãԹǴʮöħԸͷħˣ΢һʵ
ħʹǳȻֻʮö޷½ħ󣬲ҲʹãӦסͷħһʱˣǿԳûĲ㡣ǧӱ˵
°ͣҲ¶һЩ֮ɫ
һ̣˵ͷ
ǧӱʮöħܿĽħ֮ϣֻҪʹõõȻʲô⡣
ҸոյõЩħҪһʱ˱Сǧӱ˵
֪ʮöħҪãһԳĬŷʵ
һ׼ʱЩħҲҪһʱ䡣ǧӱ΢һ˵
һ᲻Щ̫ࣿŷüͷһ壬ƺЩ⡣
Ѿ࣬ŷںǵǬ׻ᱻ֮ҵߡ
ͷħǳ࿹ǲʤ㲻˼ԪǼҲûãȻԹи飬Ǿڴ˵һɡŷһۣ˵
ŷг֮ɫһţǵ˵ͷ
漴ڸһƸ¥ĽǧӱѡһһӦƧķչأּħ
ŷȴûڴ˶˵һ׼ôʱ̽ħԨҪ跨Ūһô
һ˵꣬㻯һӰԶȥ
Ҳڸ¥һ䣬漴ڷвһƺ󣬲ϥȡ˸ոյõöɫ
˱óʱ䳢һ´˱
Ȼûʲôֵĵˣ֮Ҫȥ쾵˲˵Ʊغҵ˴սһþܵʵ
Ŀɫ֮ϣ¶һ˿ԥ
֮ǰ£һע˱֮Уᷢɻħȷһˡ
ˡڴ˿̣Ժ˷­
ôˣɶɫһ˵
ոյҶˣˣ֮ʱǷ̸һļ֮ļ˵ַԼҴķ˻ⷨһԡ­˵
Ե棿Ǿһ԰ɡŴ˻ɫһϲĻ«һһźзɳΪһͯӡ
ոͨЫ֪ħ˿̻ħȻͨܣڵļ֮ӦҲ֮á
ȡһհ򣬵ݸ˷­
­ſһ̹⣬ס򣬿ʼ¼
֮¼ϣݸ
ſһɺסһڽȥеݳԺ֮С
⡭ɫһ¶һ˿ɫ
ϵļ֮ĲãѰһеĲƣմ˱Ǵ꺣зֳһ֮Ӷͨʹط뷨֮УӶ˱
ȷʵһ˼ļ֮Դ˷ǽ塣
ܿ۾˵ͷȷʵǺܾطһԡ
ˣи鷳ħԨУ֮ڣ޷ȥ­˵
޷ǽɽռʩչˡһЦһС
ƹһͷ­ɽڲռ֮С
ϥϸеļ֮һ飬ſʼʩ
˫ۣдʣһŨڹ⡣
漴ֺգüĴֳ˿˿⡣
Ƭ֮ǳһһźɫüķһɾ˵ɢ
ɫһת󣬻ΪһУת
Ȼ۾зɿ˼һеĺɫסǽɫ
塭ɫ֮ϸֳ⣬һ
һ٣ĿŵĿŽɫ
ɫһ֮󣬱ȥ
һмһӣɫл˽ɫ֮С

ʱ÷ɿ죬һʱתۼ
ŷǧӱվǰ˶һۣ¶һ˿ɫ
˿̣ǧӱѾͨʮöħһֱﲻϳ˽ƣҲӲȥ
ŷ¶һ˿ɫҪ˵Ĵȴ֨ѽһ򿪣˳
ǸռһȻʱ䣬ǱǸȭ˵
˵ﻰҲǸոճǧӱһЦ˵
ԹѾɹˣʵ
ǵģʱ߶Ӧû⡣ǧӱͷ˵
Ǻã²˳٣ɫһϲĿһ˵
漴ɳ˸¥˱ݴ֮⡣


1378 Ĺ
ڣһĨâ͸͸һ˿ϲɫ
һļѾöɫҲ֪֣Ĺ塣
˱֮ǰԤϵһԹ˵֮꣬ԶԤ֮ϡ
Ϊϲǣ˴˱֮ĹѲǰ˷޲ĹֻҪ㹻ǿ󣬿ԽԾȷƣ㲻֮ǰ˼ˡ
սü˴˱֣ͨܣҲȫûһս֮ˡ
߰ɡ
һе˼һɢס˵Ρ
˵̱Ȼ֪⳵ͼǷͷħãʩչ˵
ȻҺԹȲסͷħŷѣͳûħԨ֮Կ򿪵Ĳͨ˵
ħԨ֮ԿѾʧȥֻŷеԿˡ
áŷԥĵ˵ͷ
˵߽ܿ촩˴еȣĴ֮ǰ
֮Уɫħʬɫ߶
ͻȻɫħʬȻ̧ͷ˴ſڣĿĶס
Ȼûʲôá
̾˿˵ɢκȻֱħʬȥ
һ޴ɫڸֶֻ޴ʵĺɫħһģ֮£ȻŴħʬһͷɫȥ
磬Ϊǿͷħһ
һ̣ħʬͺһɫħǰȻһһޱȣжʮɳĴɫȻֶ·֮ն˺ɫ֮ϡ
һͷɫÿҲһ˻ƹâһһɴСľӨ޹
ɫֱһ£һʮɳˮ״ϸɫâ˺ɫһֻ֮ϡ
顱죬ɫֻƺȻѿΪ˹˷ɢȥתۼ
ħʬ裬еͺһ̹ţ˲۳һʮɸߵĴִɫҪеĺɢ
ڴ˿̣öڹ˸ԲӺ֮мһ˸󣬱˴ħʬǰ
ħʬѾ죬ѰħˣںɫԲʱһöԲͬСɣƺܶв
ͺһһ㣬Ȼź浹ȥͬʱɫħһӣʱ⻯ΪһɫͷӿĸɫԲ
ڴ˿̣һһɫԲãã֮ǰ
ƹһɫԲһ»ΪһʮɸߵĻɫɽ塣
׷˻ɫɽ֮ϣ̹â֯˸һѵľ졣
ɫɽһ𣬺Ȼ˳ȥɫҲ֮׷ɢʧ
һ̣ħʬ˫˫ϺڹһƾնöɫԲ
ɫԲ渡ִƬɫģ̶âţ˲սħʬƤ֮С
ħʬɫһ䣬öɫԲס֫ʬħƺܵ˼ƣϵҲĿʼɢ
ڴ˿̣ħʬĺīâһһڹע뵽ڡ
ħʬɫһϵɫâȻһɫԲס֫Ȼִ˼֣ȻԲſһЩ
ȻˣɫԲȻϣҪȫѳȻһʱ԰쵽ġ
໡Աߴĺɢ֮¶ͷɫõΡ
˿ͷɫҲһ֫ɫԲס˵ϡ
֮еĺˮһ㵹أڣԣǧӱɫ£ɫâţдʡ
ڻױýħסͷħж
ٻɽ飬صħоһ
ǧӱĽħ֮󣬻Ԥ֮ϣȻͷ֮ħʬ
ڴʱĹӰһŷθֶһöɫԿ״зɳɿڹ֮ϡ
ŷ裬ɫԿһڹ⣬ڹǰһ͸֮ϡ
һʱʧ١
ǧӱɫһϲһ˹֮ǰ
ŷ漴û֮С
ǧӱȴȻףֻ裬ɿ
ͷħϵĽħڹһƾʧһʮöħǧӱǰ
һӣʮöħ漴һת˹֮С
ħʬͷ̷һԾ𣬿зŭ𣬳ڷʱѾȫʧ˹֮С

Ƭ̺ŷ顢ǧӱӰһƬɫɭ֮С
˳ΧһۣѾ뿪˵㣬ɫһϲ
벻ױͨ˵㣬ӵĽħȻͬ졣ŷǺһЦ˵
ԭѾһս׼˭֪ȴͨޱȡ
ҲҪǡôڻͷħҲ׾ͷġǧӱɫ΢΢в԰ףƺ֮ǰͬʱ߶ʮöħԷĲСЦһ£˵
ҡҡ֣Ŀ⳯Χ
ǧӱŷˣҲɫһĳΧȥ
ǰ۴Ǻɫɭ֣һݺύĺɫÿһöʮɸߣ֪˶ӡ
ЩɫգһÿÿеĶΪ룬˴֮ҲһЩռ䣬Ӱʻް޵ĺɫħһȻԹһ㡣
ǵĲ㡭üͷ΢壬
ǧӱŷڿΧɫҲ΢΢һ䡣
ԹԴ˵ؿ˽⣿ת׿ǧӱʵ
ǧӱԣɫЩãȻҡҡͷ
￴ƺһɭԹǲϷԣ±ħ赲ҰҲŷüͷ壬漴һ㳯Ÿ߿շȥ
ոշɸߣɫΪ֮һ䡣
ֻȻһһε֮Ȼ·˲
һҧٴ֮ٴαǿ˼֡
ôˣĿһһΣ˲ɵŷԣҲо仯
ǧӱӶ˵ķӦϣȻҲ
ħԨĲ㲼µĽƣƺǲ˷߿ա˺üطһԺ󣬽һ̾˿
ԽϷɣȻԽأŷǧӱȫâţҲֻʮң˺޷ˡ
ȶԺһЩҲֻܶɸʮҡ
ȻˣҰҲȵ濪ࡣ
ĿȥƬɭִ쳣ԶĿҲС
аƣһħԨڵһ㣬ҲǧСˡ
ȥԣŷ˵һ¡
˶ʱµʵЩ⣬޷߿շУԹ֮УѵҪһһǰ
˴ɭ֣˭֪ͨһͨڻ


1379 ħ
üͷ΢΢һҪ˵ͷͻȻħȻֻа븱ħҲɿһˣ
һħȻ˳˰븱ħ
ʱתħһĿԸ˵ɿһã´󲻼򵥡
ħԨأδ֪̫࣬ħʵҲһںϣһʱҲɡ
мƽϣȴ˿ɫ¶ͨħ˵ȻǰѾѣԽгָ̻һĲ㻷⣬һʱ֮Ա巽򡣡
ħٺһЦ漴ͷУͻȻڹһֳһֻϰ壬ƣʹĿģ壬鲼һƬƬɫƬһȦȦħơ
ŰͻȻֵİħĿһ
ţһӰϸֶһЦӰһŵûǰħ֮С
˲ž֮ħȻΧ˲֣ٶ֮죬ͫ΢΢һ
ǧӱħ쵹İ֮ǰȡħѪ֮ǰͷħ췽ĿɨʱҲԼһ˿â
ŷȴǵһμħ죬һȻǳԾǳ
֮ǰչֳķǷʵϲķлӶǧӱͻȻһֻа֮ˣûж⣬ʩһ񣬳˵Ѻá
ħ쵭Ƴŷһۣû˵
Ŀһһ˵֮ǰһֱûŷʵ֮ǰħԨһλħǰħ죬ǰһЩԭ򣬶ħԨЩ˽⣬ǽÿ·
ŷ˫Ŀâһţżνħǰһ˵ʮţе˵Ⱦ磬ĻеģҲûжʲôæħʩһ񣬿˵ħǰ
ħ˿һۣܿƿĿ⣬Χĺɫɭִȥͬʱ˵жҲˣûãѾħԨĲ㣬ԤڵĻҪһЩ
Ŀһ˵ⶼǿλĺĿǰҵѲ֪жǰһ
ŷǧӱŴ˻ĿҲħ죬¶һ˿ϣɫ
Ĳָ㣬ǼȷʵҪѺܾòͨħ쵭Ŀڡ
ɫ΢΢һ¶רעɫ
ħ콫ɫ仯۵ףٺһҲûзϻǼ򵥽һħԨĲľ״
ԭĲħԨϹħѵãɫɵԹݺύڶ࣬޷߿շУӦ󷨵ľžѵʿܴﵽ°빦Ч
ֻ¹ȥɭѻķϣЩɫȴԽԽɭеǰѸ
äĿڴԹҴܣһʧ棬ֻԹˡ
ǷģɭԹǰ߹һΣµ·;ϵãͨħԨͨԹһ֮Сħ˵
Դϲ뱧ȭˣͷǰ·ˡ
ħ쿴һۣٺһЦҲĿ⳯Χ˼ۣһǰĳȥ
˼ˣһۣ漴߶ݹ⼱æȥ
ɫɭв֪ǷǲƵԵʣǵͿշУٶҲԶԶǰϲ١
ȻѾһʱ㣬ǴԼҲֻǰѡ
ɫɭֵԹһ㣬ߵΧǴͬС죬޷
˶ΪˣڴҲʧС
Ϊȵǣħһ·ǰ棬ȫû¶ɵɫֲ·Ҳ˲·Ѿ˴ܶһ㡣
˵ֻĬĬں棬ħתһ·ǰһС·
ڴ˿̣Աߵ֡һ죬ɳʮͷħޣˡ
һֳűħޣһ˫пɫĻ档
ɫûзٱ仯һ·֮ϮѾΣЩħȻͺܴ󣬵ʵҲֻ浤Ϊǡ
ŷ״кڹһ۳һѺڹ˸ĿͷعХ֮ĵĻס˾޹
ͬʱϺڹһ۳һʵʻľ޴ںڰ˽ǹǴǴûʮɫӰûǰͷħϣƬ̣ͱǴҵķǡ
һߵǧӱսǱƶָ̹һۻҵ֮£ɫʸɳһӶ˼ͷǰıħޣѪ¡
ûж֣ʮͷħޱڴˣŵļͷ֪˵׷ײҽŶ·ӡ
һͷħЩŲ·ȻһӰ嵽ǰħԣۼħһ޶Եӣħ׹һȻħҧȥ
ħ﷢һЦħƣƵħһӡ
ɫħӰڿзٷŴ󣬺Ũصýʵʻħһһ֮£һѽͷħץС
ɫħ͵һսħѾۡһѿһѪ
Ŀһ׽ħһͷħħеħһ˺ɫħ֮С
ɫ΢䣬ת˲ָֻ糣ħ븱ħ֮󣬲ʵȷ֮ǰ˲٣ƺҲı仯
ͷת֪θħħǶǴҲֻһһˡ
ɱЩħ󣬼˵ǰС
һʱǰɭҰһྐྵȻһԲʮСĺɫ
֮ˮֳ֮ɫЩϸӰˮζ
Ҫںһ֞㣬ϸ쳣ͣκοħﶼᱻǹЩȻʵǿɢһħԴκλâҲҪСġħ쵭˵
һݣӦһ
ħǰ˿Ǿ˵ĴжԶʵ
Ѿûжپˣһʱܹˡħ쵭˵
һϲ˵ͷ˵
һźԵǰȥħĻǶ뿪һξ롣
ڴ˿̣ǧӱͣ˽Ų
ͣһ£˹ˡǧӱָ̧˵֮Ȼɡ
ȶħĿһһԱߵ֮У˼æҲ˹ȥΡ
Ŀɨһۣ˵
ǧӱһָ棬û˵
Ŀ⼱æ˹ȥȻһᣬȻĸӰȻҵˡ
Ȼǡɫһ漴һ˿ϲɫ
׷ҵˣЩӣƺ·
ҲҪħʶ;·˿Ҳɭһײˡ
˿һĿΧƺڱŷ
ħԣſƺ˵ʲôĳǾ̫Զ
Ƭ֮£һȥܿʧɭ֮С


1380 ݾ
ԹոǼ˵ЩʲôӦö˰ɣһԵǧӱʵ
Ǹոһǰ·ߣŵһݲ֪Ӻδĵͼƺмģ壬ʹŪ˷򡣡ǧӱ˵ͷ˵
ԭˡ
ԣҲûж˵ʲôȴϣ֮þʹ˱ڴ˴ϾЩȻΪ壬򵥣ûаԼЩȡʤ
뿪ħǰС
ȥһ·ϵҲûʲôۣżһЩͨħޣǧӱһ˶ɽ
־˰ʱһɭľ޴󹬵ǰ
ǰĹռʮĶС߶ȺΧĺɫ£Եʮֺΰһվڹ֮ǰԵüΪС
߰ɡ
ħĿ⳯Χ˼ۣĿ˵漴һΣ߽˹š
֮кȻһĿռ䣬¾ǧڴҲԵӵ֮д˿ȴһֻдһɫʯ֧񷶥
ɫʯĸ񣬽һЩʨޡ
֮ճ뻯ȴͻһ޶νɢһ״Ϣ
ܵǽڶɫʯש̾Ͷɣұ⻬ޱȣܹճ˵Ӱӡ
Ŀ⳯Χ˼ۣ֮ȻտԱȴмţ֪ͨ
ħڽ󣬽ŲͣͷҲδصֱӳŴȥ
üͷһ壬Ҫ˵ҪǼȥδڣħȴȻ𣺡ȥˣֹԭǹħһ洢ĵطЩжǱ⣬Ķѱˣ㻹ڵģҲѾ޷ʹˡ
ԣ϶¶һ˿ź֮ɫ
˺ܿ˴һ飬һЩͰֻͨͨɳ価ͷһʯš
ͨÿɱһȥʯۣվŵĺȻһ߾ɫĿܣεģҲиͿܣѾ飬Ƭɢһء
ЩϹħ˵սܣҲѱƻˡħ쿴ŵϵЩƬһ˿׷֮ɫ
һƬȴһɫĲֱ֪ҼΪء
ʹȫȴָ޷һۼ
жʱһ˿ȣеɫĿ˸
ЩϹħöֲϰĳֱ֮ģȻӲޱȣͬصĳ棬Ըûʲôôħһۣ˵
ʼ磬ֽɫһԡ
˺ܿ촩ͨʯ֮ǰ
źǵĴͨڣ߰ɡħɫȻ˵һ䣬һƴʯ֮ϣʯŻʼƶһ¡¡졣
ħǰӦħʬǷҪһԲߡмæ˵
δ䣬šѵһȫ򿪣¶һЩ谵ĵãһȴ͹žڵ֮УڹԱߣͷɫħʬķࡣ
δ˵꣬Ȼֹ
վڴ͹âԵͷħʬͺ޼ϴźɫսףͷжһںս
ͷħʬɢŨʬұһī룬ҪΪĹħսʿˡ
ͷħʬɢϢΪ£κһͷڵͷħʬй֮
ͷħʬˣ̵ͺһħһһҵ䶯Ѹݷ٣Զκħʬ֮ϡ
ԹһɿĿǧӱһۣȻμӭһͷħʬ
һߵŷҲһͷħʬ
ǧӱȻ˼Ϲţкڹʮöħֶ
ףħħĿǧӱеĽħϣһ
ܿŤףĿͷ˹ħʬϣЦһ˫дʡ
һֻɬд
һ̣븱ħϵĺɫħȻͷĻ챮˲âţƬҰ׹âпӿתۼ۳һҰɫŷ֮ǰסͷħʬ
ŷ״ӲͣתײĿħ졣
û뵽ħ۳ħʵȻָô࣬ѾԴ߶챮ʩչ˳̶ȵˡ
ͷɫħʬҰɫ֣κܿûҲ¶һ˿ɫƺڽʲô
Ƭ֮ͷħʬеɫѾһƬ֣Ӳͨһµڵϣ죬·ĳֻþ֮һ㡣
ħЦһִһҰɫʱɢ챮ϼҰɫâ۳ŻҰ׹Ȧ˵ϵͷħʬϡ
ͷħʬҲ·˯˹ȥһ㡣
ǧӱ˸ĽħĿ⸴ӵĿħһۡ
벻ħǰʵȻָô࣬ҵû뵽建˵ϣ˵
ٺ٣ҵʵָԽ࣬ܰȻԽࡣħ쿴һۣйâ˸ȻһЦ
ŷѣﻹҪ鷳ˡûȥħ죬ת׿ŷһۡ
ŷ鿴ħһۣ˵ͷһεĳڴ͹֮ǰּħԨ֮Կһڹ⼤˹֮ϡ
Ƭ̺˷û˳ֵ֮ͨУʧ١
ֻǰһӰһʯ㳡֮ϣ㳡ΧһƬܿԶһɽ͡
ħԨ㿴͵㵹Щƣʯ㳡ΧһЩڹ㳡һʮɸߵɫ̨
̨֮ϾһɫţԼз
Ŀ⳯Χ˼ۣԶĸ̨͹Ȼܿ˼С
ѵͨһĴͨŷЩȻ˵
Ŀһת׿ħ졣
ħ쵭Ŀ˸̨ϵĹһۣ˵ͷ˵ǵġ
ã벻Ĵͨԣʡһ²˳٣ǸϽȥɡŷԴ˷ܵ˵
ǧӱҲ¶һ˿ϲɫ
ȵȣǲͨħĿ˵
һͣ˽Ųͬʱħ졣
ħǰѵͨк壿ŷһ£ȭʵ
ǰո˵ͨѵ㻹Ĵͨ𣿡Ŀȴһʵ
ħԨĴͨͽǰԴ˶ֱӽҵ˴ΪһЩԵʣͣһʱ䣬һͨڡħ쵽жһ˿ء
ԣһۣٴοħ졣
ħ˵һôͷ𺳲ѵǸֱͨͨħԨھŲġ
ʲôɫһ䣬ʧ˵
Ȼģѵһ˵ѲɡħƳһۣ˵
ҲûĿ΢΢˸
ȷʵħ֮ǰҲ˵ǵ˵֮ԭΪ˴ԵʣĻ⵹ʧΪһݾ


1381 
һԵŷǧӱħ˻ǰɫһҲü
һͨںδûע⵽ǧӱ˵仯ħʵ
ȻпֱͨھŲĴͨȻԸһһʵħԨϾĻһķʱ䣬δܱٶȸ졣
ħ˵һ䣬Զȥ
ȥĿһƳŲͣ
ŷǧӱվԭأûи
Ǹ֣ǶλֱǰħԨھŲ㣬СŮӱ޷ͬˡǧӱȭ˵
üͷһ壬漴ʲô
СŮ֮ǰҲ˵ˣҽħԨΪıԭ򡣾ŲħԨұ붼Ҫ̽һ©ʲôҪϢǧӱ˵
ҲһΪѰǬ׻˱ںδҲȷԻǱһЩѰĺáŷҲ˵
ԣһ˿֮ɫ
ûǧӱŷͬУֻħˣһƵһҪԭѾûħԨ֮Կ޷򿪴ͨ
ǿԼһͨҲδ̫ǿˡ
ħǰҪǻͨɣƬ̣ħ˵
ʸҵСĸϼ˰ɣħȴûдǿǧӱһۣĿڵ
ǧӱһ漴˵
֮ǰ˵Լĸգħ½ȻԵĲ٣ԺռֻԼһˣҲû̫Ծ
ĸ׿ǵһ֣ħ쵭Ŀڡ
ǧӱһ¶ɫòŻָǳ˾ȣʵǰ֪ĸ䣿
㲻öʣǰħԨΪ׷ĸ׵䣿ħ˰֣ʵ
ǧӱɫٴδ䣬ŵĿħ죬漴Щеʵµʲôˣѵ֪ĸǰΪκȻʧ٣
ʲô˲Ҫĸ׵飬ȷʵ֪һЩӦǴĸһЩѶϢϲ鵽ħԨҲطѾ˼һѰˣĸײҪ֪йĸ׵飬ֻһȥھŲɡħ쵭˵
ǧӱɫһãƺڿħ컰ĿŶȡ
վһû˵ȴһݡ
ħݱĴǣǧӱ˵ĶԻУƺַһЩŹ֣һʱ֮˵̫
ڴʱǧӱȴ̾˿ħһۺ˵ȻˣұһΣϣ²Ҫƭҡ
ħЦһĿһתһԵŷϣõ˵СҲ÷һѰǬ׻ˣھͿԸ㣬ǸǬ׻ڵھŲҪȡô˱ȴ̫ס
ǰԵ棿ŷ¶ϲ֮ɫȴһݣħҲ˼֮⡣
ߣƭЩСޣȵ˵ھŲǱ֪ҵĻǼˡħһÿɷ˵
лǰָ㡣ȡ²ںǬ׻³ҲɥʧǣΪħΪ˰ڵħ꣬ڴˣҲĸԸŷһȭɫᶨ˵
ħ쿴ŷһۣв׾һ˿ȴûж˵ʲô
ȴһֱħ仯Ȼʮޣȴ䲶׽ˣһŷ飬ٴοħ죬ͷת
߰ɡħ˵ЩҲûˣλһڹ⣬Զȥ
˼״ֻæȥ
ħ뿪˹㳡֮󣬾ֱһȥܿһƬĮ֮С
Ŀ⳯ΧһۣħԨҲһ߼ʣڵһ͵Ĳ֮ϣֻǲ֪ԭ;ġ
һ˺ܿƬߵɳĮ֮Уתۼ䣬Ĺ㳡㱻󣬲Ӱ
ħǰ˵һͨѵĮһ˷һӺΧ˿΢䣬ŷƺЩʵ
Ǿǹ㳡̫Ǵͨͱ֪̽ˣضԣȵطǾ֪ˡħ˿˵
ŷڨڨһЦʶȤı͡
һ˾һʱǰľɫڷ˱仯һ޼ʵĻĮǳһߴɽ塣
ɽ֮𽥳һЩɫľһЩ
벻һħԨȻ˹ǧӱ΢һ䡣
һ·ѾɳˣǰȻûпռ価ͷļ
ˣǴͨ档ڴʱħĿڣһ温ȥ
˾һ𣬼æ߶ݹȥ
Ƭ֮һ˳·Ⱥɽ֮УȺɽ֮кȻһԲʮСĺɫ
Ƭɫ˵ǲİڵĲɭԹǸˮһˮֳĺɫ治ʱܿһЩϸ㡣
ħǰѵ˵ǸͨףĿ⳯Χ˼ۣΧһɵɫЩѿ˵
һþƷһɹΪ档˹һ죬ϴժ˼ʵ˿̻һˣǿԹȥħ쵭˵
ɹһû˵֣ǧӱŷҲ¶ȻȻҲ֪
ɹϹѾЩСȻ֪ȥ֮ǾͿˡħ쵭˵漴һֱӷ˺ˮ֮С
˼ˣæȥ
һУΧϸС̵תΣ׷˹Ϊһ⣬·ɫ˷浹Ҳ׳ۡ
֮ǰħЩϢ֪ЩɫС㿴ѰˮйȴΪˣչ˷
ŷдʣһɫͷ̷һɫ⣬εˮ©İС
ΧɫСںɫ֮У̱㱻
ЩȻƳ֣Ƕŷܵɫȴ޿κεӡ
һߵǧӱȴٴδ׺ɫսףΧĞ㣬һɫâϡ
ЩһЩ⣬̻Ϊ˵̣ʧ١
ֱӼһŶɽ飬סȫЩȻҲκβɽ鷨ܡ
ħΪŹֻ֣һ㵭ΧĞ˺֮Уʧ٣ŷǧӱ˲档
â˸ȴЩħĺ֮У̻Ϊһɹɾ˺֮УʹúŨһЩ
Ȼÿһı仯ΪϸСǧĻҲһС
ɫ΢䣬֮ǰڵĲħԨʱҲƵɵöħ˿̵ͨΪɵ
֮еĞ࣬˸֮ͨ£Ȼܿ㱻ɱһա


1382 ɵ
һӺһ˺ס
ħĴ£ֱ˺׵һɽ½£һɫʯǰ
ɫʯڲֻСӣһϺɫĹ
ɳ״֦ϳԲεҶӣɢӨӨϹ⣬ںɫˮӳ£ۡ
Ĳ֦ĩˣʮżСĹʵɢ㣬һ֮£к֮С
ɹǰĹĹʵ˵
ֻгֳɫĹʵǳģľͲҪˣûʲôôġħ쵭˵
һ漴æϸ
ȻùȻʮŹӣֳɫĳֻĶֻһֵɫеɫġ
ŷɫһϲҪȥժӣȻ·ˮһһѸޱȵĳ
ŷ⧲֮£һ±ţ˿ɫƵľ֣ںɫ֮ϣһûѣӲ
˺ҵˣڣʱһȻػޣϴεػޱնɱˣڹ꣬Ӧµػޡħһ˵γź浹ʮɣһԵǧӱҲæȥ
ŷɫЩѿ»ǺڴˣҲóȻжҲųȥ
Ŀ΢ζһαħ켸ԲԶ
˿̣ɫˮһһƬɫӰӴ·ǰ棬з͵͵ĺ֮
֮Ȼ˺֮еޡ
Ϊأɣ忴㣬޼ֻ߰ӶţƤ񣬿Щģڴ֮Уֻ͵۾ˡ
ʲôüһʵ
Ϲʱڵһħޣֲ̫һǲʲô졣ħ쵭˵
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ŷոձ͵ϮЩҲסһɫ޵ò̷˹
һӣһɫͷսУһ֮£һʮɳĺɫ⻮ƺˮ޼ȥ
ǧӱв֪ʱѽƶ̹һһģ֮£ʮɫâżٵˮ޷ȥ
ͬʱһһɫ޽ֶɫ£˴޵ĺ·
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ڰɫɿ콻֯һ𣬱쳣Ȼס˵ֹ
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ڴ˿̣ǰӰһħİȰ㸡ֶ
޿зһͺſһɫҺ壬ħ켤ȥ
Һһ뿪ͣȼ͵Ļ棬ΧĺˮȻ˿ûӰ졣
ɫɢһ֮ŻȳζȻ̺綾
ħ쿴Ҳûпӭɫ棬ָһһڹмһģֱӶ޵Դ
޿зһʹһְ壬γһ޴ĺɫ
ۡһ
ħͷĻ챮Ұɫâţɫ浲档
漴䵥һ̧ĺڹţһ֮۳һʮɳɫӰ·һɫһ㡣
ħֱһӣɫһģ֮£նĺɫ֮ϡ
꣡
ɫȻѿ޾ѪΧɽлһЩ࣬Ϊġ
ħһֻһץѪˮзɳһȭͷСĺɫϡ
֮ϸֳڰɫĹâм졣
ħһſеֱȥ
⿴Щӵһ֣ʵǰҲǼĹѡ
ǧӱŷ˿̸ħЩ
Ŀ΢ɫҲЩ粻
ħ˺ڰɫ浤֮֮ϸֳ˺ڰɫĹâܿɢĺʵ˼֡
Ҫڴ˷ˣϽǼɹǰħԨھŲ㡣ħת׶ǧӱŷ˵˵һ䡣
ĺɽ²Զܿһ̳̳֮Ͼһͨɢâ
ǧӰһ̴ӦһһɵϺɫԣСĵĲժɹ
ħǰѾָ˴ͨ²ңҲʣµİħ˰ɣɫȻĿڵ
ҲһЩħˣ浤ųˣСӣĵӱԤƵĻҪСħ쿴ЦЦ˵
ûΪħ˻ķ̶ŭɫĬȻ֪Щʲô
ħ쵭һЦһ·ļ̳֮ϣĿŴͨ
ܿ죬ǧӱųɹժ
һӵķ䣬һõһöħֵ࣬öɹ
ǰո˵˹ھΪΪ棬֪˹Ҫãô죿ǧӱеɹħѯʵ
ȻЧˡǵˡħ췭еɹȻָһ׹⼤ǰΪö
˼æסԷųʶ鿴
ɹƵĵҩֱɵϸƷҩЧ
һ֮£ɫһϵĽܣ˵ҩȻɵļʿͻƵǰƿ
ҩҩЧֻͨµʿͨڷô˵ҩûʲôЧˡڴʱħ
ԣ˵ͷ
˵ɹ⣬еϲңֻҪ뿪ħԨ֮أһЩʱռһ£ɵˡ
ŷڣǧӱһڣһڣ˵ҩ˵ȻԶˡ
߰ɣȥħԨھŲ㡣Сӣᵽ˵ھŲ㣬ʱһʼһЩ飬ͽˡħĿ⿴˵
ΪΣһʵ
Ҳ˵֮Ի֪ħ쵭˵һ䣬Ȼ󲻵һ˻챮֮С
챮ɫâһڡ
˵
ħǰЩءˣȽھŲ㡣ʱǳ޷Ӧٱǡ̾һ˵
ŷǧӱˣҲֻȵͷӦˣϾ£Ҳֻѡħˡ


1383 ھŲ
ȥʱҲûڴ˶ͣż̳ȥ
Ƭ̺˳˼̳֮ǰŷһεĳڴͨǰּħԨ֮Կ
һһźڹסڳˣһŵû֮ͨС

ħԨھŲ㡣
һƬ޴ޱȵĻ谵ռ䣬ͬһ޴ޱȵĵ¶Ѩһ㣬ǿݲƽĻҰɫұڣ׺һЩɫεľʯǴ˴ΨһĹԴ
˿ĳ֮Уͬ˺ѿһ㣬м¶һߣ漴߳ѿиֳһСĹⶴУһķɳһźڹ⡣
ںڹֵɲǼ䣬ⶴһͬδֹһߡ
ͬʱкڹһͬʱֳ˵Ρ
ǧӱһվΣ̳ȥͬʱĿӦ¶˼־ִ֮ɫ
´˼ۣĿϹΧԶһƬڶģ·𱻺סһ㣬ĿȻԶ
λǿ쿴档ŷĿ˵
ǧӱæ̧ͷ˳ŷָȥ
ֻʮɸߵĶѨһ㳯µʯ߰һߵʮɳӡ
Щʯǰӿȥһͷӡ
ĳЩʯ棬ȻһִִĺɫľһĶʮʮɳУȻǺīĸ롣
Щ޴϶һɫ룬ÿ϶һʬ塣
ɫһ䣬Щʬ岢ħʬ
ΪЩʬ϶ŸָķΣΣȻ壬ʬ壬ΪĵİɷΧڣҲʮ֮ࡣ
Щʬ忴ƺոȥһ㣬Ҳûʬ󣬾ôڶѨ
һ粻һɵһģʬԡ
ǰһֻʮҵӣϴŻɫĳۣ˫Ŀգ·ֻ˯һ㣬Ѿû˿
ɫһ仯Ŀӵķϡ
쳤ʽӣǰĹʿķЩơ
ѵЩ˶Ϲ֮ʱħԨеĸʿ֮ǰħ˵Ϲţðôһ뷨
ѣ뵽ʲô˴Ϊλôʬ壿ڴʱǧӱŷԣǧӱü΢̲סʵ
ŷҲ־Īɫ
ĿϹ˸˼£ǰȥ˵Ҳ֪ǰȥ˵ҵ𰸡
Ҳֻˡǧӱ̾˿ͷ
˵ڵϣŵǰȥΪͷЩʬ壬˶񾭣ǰٶȲ졣
ħǰЩʬô£ѵ֮ǰ˵ЩħԨؾĸʿһߴ߶ݹ⣬һͨĺħ콻
ô֪ʹйذɡħ𣬲ÿɷ˵
ԣЩҪ˵Щʲô֮ʱȴٴħǲҪЩʬ壬⵽ĺīĹ
䣬Ҳɫһݣħ˻ͬʱ˵ġ
ȻӦĬĬǰȥ
ȥİʱǰнãΧһɲ䣬ͷһīƣʬ塣
һ˿ȻӸոտʼڣĸʬ˵Ҳ˽ߣʵ̫ˡ
ǰĶѨֱ·תһ䣬ɫʱһ䡣
ǰĶѨڰ֮УͻȻһ΢ġ֮͡ƺǷѵ
˶һۣ̼ӿ˷ٶȡ
ԽǰУǡ͡Խ죬ĺһˡ
˺ܿˣȻ𵴵
ѵŷ¶ּɫȻڹţ˲
ŷСġҪѣŷոշɳɣݹȻͣ
ǧӱ̷˹սһȴŷһ죬ǰһεķס·һǽһ㣬ŷ鵲⡣
ݹⷽһֻһɵϮʱһߣסκ֮ɫ
ʼ˼ħԨĹؼͻȻһؾи֣һŷ˵ŷѣħԨ֮Կ
ŷϸֳȻ飬æȡħԨ֮Կһʩһڹסˡ
ֻۡһ죬ڹǰķֱ֮Ӷ˹ȥ
֮˾һͨЩķϡ
ŷʩʹ߶ħԨ֮Կڷķѹ࣬ɫԵЩ԰ף˿û⣬ϺڹһҪǰɶݶȥ
а̾һŷ룬Щ˽ġ
һˣкǧӱһ˼æȥͬʱŷļ֮£Ѿɳ˲̵ľ롣
ڶѨǰƬ̣תһսǺǰȻâ
ֻǰֳһƬĵ¿ռ䣬С¿ռг˷ĺɫһַɫ޾Ũصī֭һ㡣
֮⣬ռ뻹һ޴׵磬绡ƣųҫĿ֮Ĺâ޴ڽ֮ϣ΢΢֮䣬ϸСĵ绨ڽܴܶ
ǰ׵ɢĿɫâÿһƵ绡ȻǾס
һ͡
Ҫ֪ȻףҲֻƶѣϽľײµĽ磬Ҳֻ̺Щѡ
ǰ׵簴عƣȴʮСִ绡תȻǾס
ǿ׵磬δţ˸֮ԶȻܵ˾޴׵֮ӿ
ĺһĿ⴩׵磬ֻĺĺ֮Уһ޴ڵڻת
֮вʱܳһԵĺڹ⣬ÿÿ˴˿̣׵϶һɫڹһ顣
ɫһ䣬ȻŽɫ׵磬ȻܸоǺɫдɢһɿɲϢ·ͨһɲ֮ĵط
ѵɫ΢䣬ħ˵ħԨͨħ磬ѵкǴĹħ粻ɣ
ŷĿͬЩմĿǽɫ硣
Ƭ֮ǿƽЩԼľ΢Ļ˵ûǿ󴿴׵֮¡ֻǬ׻ܲ쵽ˡ
ǧӱ˿Ҳֳ˼ּ飬ȴ˽ĺɫС
Զ˼ɫһ˿âҪ侲ࡣ
ŷĺһһŽɫ׵翿˹ȥ
ֹһǬ׽ɱκͼˣͨҲ޷׵ֵ׵֮кĸֳħ
ɫһ䣬һһŷǰɿĽħԸ
ŷɫһ


1384 ֮
ѵǷѾħԨھŲ㣬ȴֻĿţȴʲô𣿡ŷ´һռĽɫ׵磬ɫһ粻κ󣬲̾˿˵
һʱЩͷԷȣ˿ֹ̱󣬶ʱ侲ٸܵɴлذܵľɵĽ磬Ҳһݡ
ľôȥ²һĹ򣬱ữҽʬ޴ˡ
ŷ֮ԣɫҲЩȻԼڼʵԶͬףӵвٱʵʵѿͨͨ޷ĺǰԼԵȴ˵΢
һԵǧӱѾƽƺûŷ˵ĶԻֻǿ׵󷽵ĺɫУ΢֪Щʲô
ſ׵磬ʲôڴʱħи֡
һת׿˴ռ࣬ɫȻΪ֮һ䡣
Ϊھ׵ɿ⴦һִĺɫīӵǶѨðڰв̾һƺʲôУγһ˶ޱȵ״
͸īķ϶Էⱻ֮ͨʰɫнһһͬʱһˡ졣
ֻǷעȫǰ׵֮УҽдžҲǲСڸסˡ
ŷǧӱ˿Ҳע⵽ľٶת˳Ŀ⿴ȥɫҲǴ󾪡
Ǻһࣿŷɴ۾Щȷ˵
һ࣬һǻŵģڲǧӱԣЩ˼ѿڵ
ǰһУﰵԾ
Ϊڿʱ򣬾ԴɢϢһʶϤУ֮ȴͷԡ
˲֮ʱħȴ˶𣺡ǲµûеȷһࡣȴǷͬСɣǹħ׵࣬ΪϹʱ˽Ĺħͳ˧ΪǴﵽ
ԣжɵһ
ȫԽͨĴڣֻڴ˵С
ħսܺ巴ħԨֱƺīɣֱӹħ֮ơͷ֮£֮Ǭ׻Ϊۣס˹ħڣýʣ뺱īΪһ壬ΪǬ׻ṩԴԴķħ˶ٺ󣬼˵
Ҳ˵ҪõǬ׻ҪôֹͣУŷüͷ΢ʵ
֮⣬쾵Ҳ֮СħԴ˵Ҳûзϣ˵һĿɿڴĻ
ҪȡǬ׻쾵ҪƿˡĿһ˵
ȻҪƿڵ࣬˿ǺްգοΧôັīı
λȻ˴˴Ȼܾʹڴ˸ɵȣǲ̶֡ɫһ˵
ǧӱԣһ֣˵ҶȻΩհ
跨նЩīɣ䣬佣һģһöɫԲһŵĸֶ漴һöɫС㼤
кâһȻһ
ɫС˸ӴĿĽɫâʱӭ籩ǣһ»ûؽɫӰϲƵĺīնȥ
ϡϡ֮ڶĴ
Ƭնںī֮ϣ̶Ľ֮
ɿɢȥɫȴ΢΢һ䡣
ĺī֮ǰƺҪӲ࣬սһЩһЩǳǳȱڣսȴرԺЩʧһ㡣
˵ʯһǧӱŷҲˡ
ǧӱͷɫħ˸ͣƶ̹Уɫʸ缲㳯īȥһ಻Ķ֮
ŷԾգпͷһӣʱһڵâعХֱ֮īڼȥ
һ̣ɫʸڵâɿѿЩī棬ҲЩѺֻۣһЩɫۼ
δڶֽʱЩīͻȻһŤɢںͷ޴ޱȵĺɫһ㡣
͡
Ӱ֮£ʮīƵ浯ڷɾ˹
зæź浹
Ȼɫȴ֮һΪֱ׷˹
λµҲز׾ˣʱһ»ƾ޷ԤıλĵӰŵӰٱܹʮĹͬʱ촽δ˴
˵һмħħУӭ籩ǡ
ͬʱɿ۳һƵķӰסɫС
һ̣һɬӰеħâʢͻȻһģĺһնʮɵľ޴âڿγһľ޴ʮ֣նһī֮ϡ
һ죬֧ƬʱһΪĶѿ
һϲԷ֮߶ħУȻĶ˲٣Ȼƽʱࡣ
˾ƺŭ˺īͬͱһ㣬ΧΧŷ鼰ǧӱ˵ĺīжʱִ׷תɫ㻯ΪһƬ˹
Ӱ󷨴ߵ£ѸޱȣܼĹ£廹ǱС
ûбֱӾס壬ϵѪĸ£˿ָ֮ܿˡ
ǧӱҲѰֶҪЩ룬ܣһᣬĬֳͬһɫࡣ
ָһ㣬ɫǰֳһɫ󶦣΢΢бƬɫϼ⣬ӭ˱ƽĺī빥
ķֵĺī벢࣬Ȼɫ󶦵
ǧӱɫһɣн߳һɫһֻУȻһɫУɣµİɢļµâȻǷƷ
΢΢һһϸϺһһĺī롣
ͣ
ԭ᲻ɴݵĺīɫǰ·𲻿һױ㱻նΡ
ǧӱĿһϲеɫٴһģ죬ת֮䣬ī뱻ǧӱնϡ
˵УҲһȻ֮ǰЩС˴Ů
һߵŷȻҲʾ֪ʱҲ˰˻ħ࣬ȼյĺɫħ档
޴İ˻ħںзɿСתۼ仯Ϊһ׺ɫףʹ˴ŷϡ
ŷͺһϷɳһƺɫħ棬Ŀͷ֮ϡ
ͷȻâţɢһǺɫħ֣һģ֮£һī֮ϡ
ī̲˺ɫħ棬漴ءһʹ˶ѿ


1385 
ŷ󣬵ԷҲǲСڹУϿŴ¶ϯĺīƵƵħ֮ϣʹüħ𲻶
ʶÿһ룬ҪָƬ̷ʩչһ
⣬⺱ī벻Ӳ쳣ͬӵıһ㣬ǰסһעȻһӺͻϮ
һȻԷȫں˴봥֮Ҳ˲ˣļҡ
һЩǧӱŷȴȺ¶԰֮ɫȻǷţгԲˡ
ǧӱָҩǷƷڴĵҩ֮ĸ£һʱھ޴Χʮīȫնϡ
Ѫɫľ޴ʱ¶ɣڲһǰִ֪ٱĺī룬ִ࣬ͬѪһ㡣
Ϻڹһ˷࣬ɫ΢΢Щ԰ףȡһöҩ£ɫźÿһЩ
ǧӱŷʱҲķӰ׷׷µҩ׼Ϣ
һߵϢָһ߿ǰҲûκηѪɫ޴࣬϶¶ϲɫ
κŷһ˿һ̧Ҫ
ڴ˿̣ͻ
һڹѸޱȵĴԶһģ֮£ȻŷĺҪ
Сģ
һһӣӭǣһ쳤ʮɣ֮յںڹ֮ǰŷ
ﬡһ
ɫϸֳһɫ绡ڹ˺ѿ¶˱壬ȷһöںɫļ׶ģ
Ȼǵڹ⣬һȻ͸ӣŷڡ
ŷֻѪһڣһ򣬿СۡһѪƺûܵˡ
ɫ׶һ֮󣬻һڹ⣬Զء
ţƿһӰһȻһˡ
ͬʱӰһӰŷǰǧӱҲ˹ɫصĿһˡ
ϱδ䣬ȴһ˿ȡ
ǰ֮ӦûɭԹǻǰ߳ԹҲôھŲ㣬ĪҲǴݾͨɣ
һ˫ۻɨˣŷһͣĿǧӱϣ¶һ˿Цݵ˵ҵ˭бϷǰ棡ԭǹҲħԨ֮УѹֻʸǼϼһҪˡٺ٣ԼãպʳսҲûʸӺСӹ˼ɼ֡
ǧӱһ䣬û˵岻ĳ˼֡
һ֮ڴ˴ħԨѰУ˹Ŀ࿴һٸ˻ʸҺͿҵˣȻǽǾ߽ɫħʬʵΪͨܣ϶вٺ֡
Էˣ˵ʵԶ֮ϡ
ɫأ˿ֱĸоԷɢϢ֮ǰֳʱȫͬ
ȻвصֶΣɶЫͷħҲûֹסЩľ
ŶΪˡΪȻֻڣʵǲĿһתһ˿â
ֻһ˿вŷǧӱֱӱˡ
вһĳһֵԭĴҵλǰˣ뼸λҪᣬ˲ˮһЩСĺôкλ˼뿪ɺã
ŷ˻ʱЩ֣⡭ǡ
һֹ̧֣סŷĻ
Ŵ˻һ漴Ц˼漴һ˵㵹Ǵ̣ǸǴͷ󣬴Żȸں⣿ߣССϷ򣡡
ɫһ
ɱ˾͵شǧӱҪġһ䣬һ˵
ӦһϹâţҪ֡
ǶλȲסˣͷλȽҡڴʱǧӱŷ߸ֳ
һѾһȴҳǰ˳ȥһȫɫħƵĺɫ˷ʱֶ
ͬʱдʣԸֳźɢ¶˹Ыͷ­Ӱ
Х
һ߾޴ɫЫһ޴̷ͷ­һֶ֮ƣȥ
ŷ顢ǧӱۼ˾ɫһϲ֮ǰŴ漣ͷħ裬ܻҲ˵
˿̣ħҲ˳ڷ
ǧӱзһȣɫ󶦷һƬɫϼ⣬ɫϸ˿۳ųħֶȥ
ŷϻսɢ»Ϊ˻ħࡣ
дʣ˻ħſƬɫħ棬ħȥ
ħɫһ˲ùԻǼǷɳֵ࣬סǧӱŷ˵Ĺ
ô˻һһƹ֮йƹ֮У͸ĻԲɫӣȻŶɽ顣
ɽϯŴƬɫâһ֮»Ϊɾ޷壬߷֮Уײߡ
¾ſŹâһЩɽתƾս֯һ˶ɫ򣬻סȫ
Цһһ˿м֮ɫ
ͳɬɫţ¶Ƥֳħơ
ԽԽ죬ɫŨӿһ֮£ʮʮɴСĻɫħ۶֮ҡͷβͬʵһ㣬ɫɽȥ
¡¡һ죡
ħϾǷûɽɫɽɽľһײȻɢɽҲ֮˳ȥ
ͷħ߷ȴӲͻƻɫħ˵ǰ
ĺɫͺһֻȻ¡
̷ͷ­ͷ˿ӭɢſʮɸߵ̻ɢǿҵĸʴϢ¡
޴ɫЫһ޴ޱȵɫӰߣɫβһһѼߣ߱һࡣ
߷Ĭʮ㣬һʱ
ۼ˾ɫ˿ڹһֳһ׾ޱȵĺɫսס
ս֮ɢĺڹ⣬ޱȣرǱϺȻĺɫħƣƾһ㣬ɢžĽ
һֱ̣ϻҹţһ˫ȭȻ޴ޱȵĻɫȭӰӭɫ˫ơ
ͬʱһȣĺɫ磬ɶ̻𱻿һʧΡ
ЫľβȻǿͻ˺ɫ磬ϣҲֻһ֮
ֻ޴·޴ɫУ΢΢һ𣬶ȻΪһɫӰɫЫĹи飬Ӱ١
¡
ĺɫ˫ƺȭӰһ𣬷װƻȭ˫˫ʧ١
ɫһɾ֮һ𣬾Ȼĵ˳ȥҲǴ𣬽ſסΡ


1386 踺
һ˿ɫɫЩ
һ֮£֮˵ʵ֮ǿ˿ڻʸǵ֮ͨ£ϢһϤĸоƺӡ
Ŀ⺮âһְֻһģ֮£ƬζȻڿʧ١
һ̣ԶһιȰ㸡ֶ˫ħƣֳɫ׶ȻǸոչŷ֮
׶⺮âһ֮»ΪâҪ
ٶ֮죬һ˼ĵز
ã
ɫһ䣬ֻɫȻչաһ죬˻һߣһģʧ١
ɫâһɫӰӰɢһ̣Ӱʮ⸡ֶֻ亹ֱð
һУɫ޴һģأ֮С
Ыͷ­ȴûջط࣬߿зһ˻ɫЫɫͷ­ȥ
㣡
˿ͷħĹĿ絶
ڿɫ̱ˡ
ֳ⣬Ӧϵӳ˴ħ󣬲ħԨ֮ԿǸꡣ
ãܺãǻʸˮħԨ֮ԿȻħԨ֮СŭЦ˵
ŭЦ֮ʱһԺɫϹâţɫд漤׾ٵĵס˹Ыͷ­ķ๥
ˣɫȻһ
ΪݱϳͨޱȣʶݣҾ㱻ʶҲûʲô
ɫϵ׺ɫսף䱳һᡣ
⾫ְȻ߱ǿķǺɽһĶ취Ҫƿ¼Ϊˡ
ڴʱڵֵסͷħĹ󣬱˫͵һȣƿ
ڷзĴ˫м㳯ڱСƬռ䣬·
ڴʱɫâţ˾˷ֱȥ
һ̣һģȻΪĸһģһӰ֮һ㣬ɿĳڱƽ
С
Ŀһ漴һͷ֮ϺڹһȻһɫǡ
ɫǹâţһȦɫ𵴲ƶʱɢ
ĸӰһɫƣһ֮ɢ
ССҲó׳󣡡
Цкڹһöɫ׶ٴμ·ɫݺҧȥ
˿ۿ޷öɫ׶ͻ̣ɫһһӣһɫĵ⼤
ħħУ
ɫ£ͻȻһͬʱһ̵һڹһŵûɫâ
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öɫ׶ɫâֱӿķɡ
öɫ׶ɳȥâƺһ˵˱塣
һģʧ٣һ˲һħħеţȻǴ˱նȥ
ɫһ䣬ĿȻûܲνģ侪ңֻڹһӭħС
ڴʱйâһһжһöɫ

һɫӰеĽзɳΪһʵĽ⣬ֱ͸ɫĻûڡ
һȻͷһҽУϵĻâҲóٻ˼֡
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ۿҪħһնףͷ֮Ȼֳһɫħͼ
Ϻڹһһ˻ħƱ鲼ħǹԻ
ǹȻһ壬ͨڹģǹ⺮ɭ䣬ɢ֮Ϣ
ﬣ
ɫħǹסħеնǹ֮ϺڹⶸȻţ۳һɫħȻһҧסħС
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̱˳ȥɫ绡Ӷɫħո۶ҽһɫ绡˺ѣΪС
ɫ绡Ҳ֮ɢʧˡ
ĿǺɫħǹ֮ϣ۽һ鴤һУħħзء
һģ˿̲ɿ˱ͷ˫֣ĿޱȵĿ
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³˱ޱȵĻϻҹţһ޴ķħӰֶ
ӰӰ´£һͷľԳɢ˿ֲķԳͷϸֳһ޴ĶǣŨī֭Ļҹ⡣
ڴʱɫâһЫͷ­˿ٴ࣬˹
£ⲻܶԸĶɫһ䣬ͷħһ
ȻѾˡ
Գֻ̧˶ĺɫȭͷȭͷ淺һڹĳȥ
ɲǼ䣬ȭӰХĸֶն񱻾ȭӰǵصػЫͷ­ķࡣ
ںڵĶھԳͷɢĪ߿磬Զ֮У
Ыͷ­ľ棬ɫһ䡣
­зֽУɫͷ­âţ̳˲䱩ӭȭӰͬʱһţҲ֮ɫϼ⡣
Ыͷһֳһڱǡ
ɫЫüҲֳһ⣬һ˲һɫâüļ
ЦһһӣͷԳҹţȭͷϸֳһɫâ·ȭһ㡣
ɫֻ΢΢赲һȭӰ㱻ٱȭĵأ̷нضϣƮЫĽҲûֹȭӰƬ̡
һ̣ȭӰ˷­͹Ыķ֮ϣɫͷ­ɫЫֻ˲һȻѿ
Ыͷ­зһҽУ౻һ»٣߱Ҳܵ˼˺ħͬʱſһѪȫϢѸήȥ
Ыɶɫ󼱣˫ӣɺסͷħ壬ɿĵء
ˣû¡­һЩ˿Ѿ˹ȥЫ˿̻мѣЩѵ˵
Ƚ뻯«齻ұɡһ֣ͷħ˻«֮УĿ⿴˲Զ
˿̣ѾӰȫָ˹Գһ֮ڡ
̧ͷĺڹ⣬ڹţƤϸֳɫħƣ̶һֳָһööɫۼףתۼ佫ȫǡ
һɿ֮ϢʱϱƬƲܳӴһ㡣


1387 ȫ
ħ
һģһʧ˳
̧˺ɫۼ׵˫֣һסǰĺɫħǹ
һɫʱǹӣͬʱǹ渡ֳһɫСɢһĪɱǹڹ·ʱܽһ̴
˿ϵĿϢħǹľɱںһٴβһߣƺͻĳơ
һ£ǿԼ侲
ţüĴڹһħӡȻֳ֣֮ɫħƣڴһžĴ죬̰θһء
ͬʱƬĺɫħȼϢҲڽ
ȻͬħɢϢȻԶԶԶ
СӣȻ֪ΪҲʩչħ壬ҲȲ㣬ҲһööɫƬƺҲһЩĦ֮
˵ţֱһᣬɫħǹļµĺâָ
ɫһﲻӿһľ޲еĿֲоͷֻһţ͵һӣʮɽ龡ɳ廷Ʋݡ

һͺȣƹ֮£ʮɵľ޷帡ֶ˲佫ǰ
ͬʱϵɴ۱Ȼɫ绡Ծѣ绯Ϊһɫһ㡣
ոһУȴһЦһħǹѾڿһʮʮ٣ٻǧǹӰͬɫһ㣬
ÿǹӰħѪԼɢ
ǹӰδײɫ޷壬񱩵ѾŰ
ɫһ䣬ʮ޷ɫâʢ
ǹӰ˻ɫɽ֮ϣ֮֮¡¡
ʮɽҲÿһǹӰɽ֮ϣдƬɽʯ
ʮɽֵ֮ɽ֮ϣ˫ĿѪһƬȫӿɽ֮УɽϻâƣѵɽʯԲ˼ٶȷɿ˳
һʱ䣬˫Ȼһս
ռϷ磬еĺɫħǹ֪Ϊڴ̳ǹӰͬʱɢһɫлھ޷֮ϡ
ǹӰźɫУʹþ޷âķ֧֣Ȼһȥ
ͬʱʩչħ֮ݱʱŷ顢ǧӱħ˵սҲ˰Ȼ׶Ρ
ŷ˿ɫҰףһѪ˿
֮ǰѾˣ𣬼ǧӱṩƷҩֵܹҲ漣˿ֻǿ߶ɫͷ󵶣ֵһ
ס󾳴빥ƵһԵǧӱ˿̻ƣɫͷðγһɫ͸֣סŷˡ
ʮħΧݺɳۣڿлһȦȦӰС޷
֮ǰʹõӦˡ
󾳶ʮħȻǳ˼ɣһʼʱһ֮£Щħסɥ
˿ͷϿһɫӣɢһʮɴСİɫȦסˡ
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Ǻ˫ԶһڹǣȻâݺ˸ײ¡¡죬սңʵЩ²
Աս˶
ռϷ磬ҵȻֵţʰҲǧӱ˵ĩ·ˡ
ǧӱ˺γ֪ŷʵûǧӱҪԸˣҪǼǲܡ
ǧӱĿԽԽ㣬н͵һҧſ³һھѪʮ
ѪΪһѪƣǰʮöħ֮С
ʮħʱâţȻ˴һһɫ
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󾳶ʱɫ䣬ɫס֮󣬰ɫȦâȻ
֮Уһͷ췢˫һ仯˰ɫ֮УɫȦȶ
󾳣һɫĴ󺺣һһӣֻжʮӣɫɡ
ŭһħţٴγǧӱȥ
ԭʮöħֵ˵ķ˿̽ħΪһ˰ɫȦ֮ϣ˵ķȻҲڳ֣ųصĺХǧӱɫ֮ϡ
ɫֹâ˸Ȼûгֳ֧Ҳǿѡ
ǧӱ΢ݽҧʮָ˿ûΧ
ಡһ
һϹзɳһģħ˰ɫȦ֮⣬֮ǰǰɫС
ͨϹ˸ɫϸ˿ζ쳣ء
ǧӱдŹָһӣɫ΢΢һһϸϺۼŰɫȦȥ
Ȼע⵽ŹֵĲУ˵ûôģɫķ᲻ɴݣͨܣҪƿҲǳѡ
ϸϺۺܿ˹Ȧ֮ϣһ̹âһȻʧ١
ɫȦ֮У󺺺ЦһٹעɫУݷǧӱɫ֡
췢һɫոչȦûյҵĹϸϺʧЩ졣
һ̣Ȧ֮һһϸϺ۸ֶŵӰ˾Ӷȥ
췢ɫ䣬ҪѣѾˡ
ϸϺһնӵĲ֮ϡ
ϴһ׺ɫףϸϺǰ·𶹸һնơ
ͷ­һᣬȥǾɫƺûв˺¡
ϸϺնӵͷ­Ʋ˥ź췢Ӽȥ
췢ӴһſһѪɫذףӭסϸϺۡ
ﬡһ죬Ѫɫذײ֪ʲôȻסϺۣʹ޷ǰһ
ǧӱۼ˾ɫһɫĸرһֱѹ׵ı󣬲˱ҲǼ
ɫһдʣһָɫйâһһϸϺۼһû˰ɫȦ֮Уһֵĳһӷȥ
췢Ӵ˿׼һſڣȻһѪɫذףסϸϺۡ
ţ췢ӵֶѪɫذһ㡣
Ѫɫذ׺ȻΪѪ⣬ϸϺ۽һһĦ̶Ϻۺܿ䵭ʧ١
ǧӱɫ԰ףƺҪٴɫУֱ۸ո̧һ㣬ɫ͵һ죬ſ³һѪϢήȥ
ͬʱٿ߶ɫУķ޷֧ˡ
췢Ӻ󺺼ˣɫϲæħҹǧӱΧɫ


1388 ת
ǧӱɫҰֽæִһٻɫС
ͬʱڰɫȦϵĺɫâһ»ΪʮöħΪĺɫӰӭ˺췢Ӻ󺺵Ĺ
˿ȻڷأǽħƷԶڶԷħ֮ϣƾ췢Ӻ͹ʮöħ֮£Ȼصĵˮ©
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˿ҲѣȻۼױ˲ˣѪ£˿ڻָѸޱȣĿɫ
ٻɽɴâӿ֣ѸٻΪһ޴ԲεӭĴƬǹӰ𣬵ԼҲһɷ֮£ŵŵվ塣
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Сӣ
ŭһ˿ѾȫħˣȻôʱҲûһħˣ־ŭ
кɫħǹһǹӰɢΪһ壬ΪһʮɴСľ޴ǹӰ
ֱһ޴ɫǹӰͬ˲ưǰŴƬХ֮һǹ¡
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ͬʱһھѪһŵûħ֮С
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һʮָָ䵯ʮڹ⣬ڶײǰû˺ɫǹӰ֮С
޴ɫǹӰâһֳεķģǹӰ˲ʵ·ʵһ㡣
һ̣һѰľУбһɫâ޴ɫǹӰֻ΢΢һ˼֣ɫȴֱ˳ȥ
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ǧӱץһֱɱ˵һ䣬漴һǸѪɫ֮ǰһ˿ϲɫ´
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һ֣ѪɫذһģΪѪɫâѸޱȵĴŷȥ
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Ѫɫһ⽻ն¡
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ڴ˿̣һһɸߵĽɫƾճŷǰɫһ̣ȻѪɫذ׾ٵץС
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ɫٶȲһѽɫץУ漴һӣ·ĲӬһ˺췢ϡ
췢˲䱻ѹһҽжûзһ䡣
ͬʱд󺺵һҽУֻͣ˰Уؿڶһ˶ޱȵĺڶйһѪҲû¡
ţڶһģĻΪһɫУ󺺵ŤΣɿıɫȥ
һĹ󺺱㳹ʧ˺ɫ֮УһԭڸֳһīɫƣƺһͨīɫĿܡ
ͻıɫ䣬Ȼת
ڴ˿̣ѪɫһȻһ죬ʮѪɫϸ˿֮˲䵯
ɫܺīɫע⣬˿ûԤϵѪɫϸ˿һ¶壬ϵĺɫ׾Ȼ޷ֵֺ
Ѫɫϸ˿·һ䶯Ѫת·˱ڵѪʹۿɼٶȸɱȥ
ŭ֮Ĵһ麣ת£˫͵תħǹһģ֮£նЩѪ˿
һһĻˣ
ЩѪ˿ϸȻ쳣ͣԺɫħǹܣȻһ֮£ȴֻնС롣
Ѫ˿ڶѺž޴ǰطɿ漴Բ˼ٶȣٴδ塣
˻ӿ֮Ѫ˲٣ԭ͸ݵϴ˿̺Ȼ˸ɱƤͷ״̬
оŭѼдٵħǹâţȫϧעħǹ֮УһȻһӣ
һ˶ޱȵİ\âһն
ѪĽ
ıˮһһ½Ѫɫϸ˿ȫնϣγûԶԶ뿪Ѫɫࡣ
ǺǣѾˣѾעһʬֶȻܶɱͨʿʱ㷨޷ת磬ȴܹġ
ѪɫϿһ󲨶һŮӵӰֶ
ŴԣɫȻ䡣
ͬӡ֤ŮӵĻһ㣬ϵĺڹɿȥкɫħǹɢâҲȥ
㣡㾿Ǻˣɫһ±òҰޱȣŰŮʵ
ಣ
ɫܺīɫӰһһһҵĳ󣬺ͰŮӳֳ״Χס
ɫץŷ飬īɫҲץһˣǧӱ
ŷǧӱ˿̻ʶ߿ܽץס壬˿Ҳ޷
ǧӱǰЩĿɿڴˡ
ŷĿ˽ɫϣһ漴˰ɫŮӣ¶һ˿ɫ
ͬʱв¶˾֮ɫʶȻܹóܣǰŮӣʵԵһܹȡʤοش˾綾


1389 
˭Ҳգ㽫ķϣһЩסҽ顣ɫŮ˵ţϸֳһȦɫĹâзɿ仯κ󣬻һŮףֻǲ֪ΪΣƤмַơ
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Ϣ㲻ħ֮ˣ㡭㵽ʲôˣɫһ䣬ɫĺȵ
СӸ߹ħǲϧ治̫׵ʵ鷳ЩǺǣһʱ䣬óûڵʬ𣿲ˣʬרΪ˿ħƵģʱڣ㲻ָܻһ˿һķЩƵƤһ䣬漴ٴ̧׿һЦ
ԣɫȻһ䡣
ˣҲˣֺ˵ôõĻҲԩˣ·ɡ˰֣˵
䣬һɫӰ˲ưһȴǾ߽ɫܷһֻ޴ƽڵĳͷץ¡
һ˿ܹķƽʱһ㣬ҲԸִдһЩע뵽еĺɫħǹ֮С
ɫħǹһʮɫǹӰ˽ɫܵơ
ɫһµһ˲ûһƬ֯ĽɫӰ
·ײ֮ʮɫǹӰ÷飬š顱һɫħǹһ»ɡ
һֻһɫץУƾ޷ֺĿгŸ֮ɫɻзŭȴǲʣ˿ȴֻܴӺзͲŵɳƵͺ
һ̣ɫһֻһ̧ĴָɿİԴ֮ϡ
࣡һԴ͵رѻΪ촷ۣǶδӳ
Ϊħ½Ĵһͨǵ˷ᣬ﹦ǵУΪħԨҲǻ㾡ȴڴĪˣ֪Էݣԩ֮
ɫɱֽͷʬӵһԡ
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ˣҿ˿ħЩұһ֮ȡǬ׻ɡĿ⿴ŷһۣ˵
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ǰ࣬¶һ˿ɫֱһӣ֮һִ⣬һ֮£ΪһɴСɫĿС

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ѪɫȻ˴̶Ź֣·һӤڴһ㡣
ŷɫ䣬һԺ֮з·𱻸Ȼһ£ͷʹѣæͷһƺߡ
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ֱһɫƴ֮а˳ɿСܿ컯ΪƽĴС֮кȻץһöĶһɫ绡
Ѫɫưγ󣬷һ֮⣬ѪҲѸٵֺתۼָˡ
鿴еɫһһȭ
һ飬ʱһ¡¡ľ촫Ѩ֮еľ׽׹ţܿ˥ȥ
ϸֳƣ漴¡һ죬ѿƬɫ׵â˲䳯˷ɢȥ
ô򵥾ƽˡ¶ɫ˵
ŷۼ˾ȴһ˿ϲɫ
еɫ绡漴һ£˹ȥ֮ɫ绡ʧ٣ɫ·УһöڳԲֶ治ʱһ˿ס
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ŷйâţַһɺס˰еԲ
龲ĿһУƺǬ׻Ȥ
һգǬ׻ŷյС
ŷǬ׻ʱǸɫԲꡱһ죬渡ֳһƣ漴Բડһѳ롣
ŷɫһŶϳԲ彩ԭء
ԭˣҲѹ֣ôʴ˻ѹ׽ױ㱻ƽˡ鿴ŷеԲһ˿Ȼ


1390 ħת
ڴ˿̣ѪɫٶȻһ󼱴ٵ죬Ȼð˴ƬѪΪ˹Ѫƣһ£Ѫɫ档
û˾׽磬еĺɫתٶҲ֮ӿ˺ܶ࣬תУһĿĺڹб渡ֶ
ۼ˾ֳη֮ɫ漴ֱһĨϲɫ
Ѫ֮е֮ԽԽ죬еĺɫɢĺڹҲԽ
䣡
һִڹͻȻ֮мһŵû·Ѫ֮С
ˣȻī߿ܣȻķԸӡѾƻ£
ǣˣī߿ܴӦһ
īɫܽõǧӱԵһԣȻ˴Ŀīɫâɵ˰ա
ɫҲһεĳͬ˴ƬĿĽɫâ
߿ܼͬʱɵ˰յĺɫ·˫һչƬīӿɿ콻֯һ𣬻Ϊһʽīɫ;׽Сķ磬ɫкѪƸ˿
īɫһſеĺɫתٶ̻ú׵类ǰһˡ
ۼ˾ɫһɣĿһתĿԵŷ顣
ŷ˿ѾǬ׻ѵ˹ǰһУ¶˼־ɫоĿ⣬ת׿˹ȥЩãȻʵǰôˣ
ոҺ˵ɣڰȡǬ׻Ҫһ°ɡ鿴ŷ飬˵
ǰԸŷȻо鿴ĿЩŹ֣Ҳûж룬ͷ
ȷʵõǬ׻ȻⶫõֱˣضѵԲ֮Ȼ̺˼ΪľϢӦԿڵħˡ
ǺãҪٻ쾵Ҫһáޱ˵һ󣬵ָ̧һ㡣
ŷһݣδ俪˵һһ޷ֺˣɫһ²԰Ѫ
Ƿһ˿΢Цһɬ
ʱƬ˷ŷϯȥһ¶һɹѹ˲䱻ѹĿ졣
һĲҽУɫâһȻΪ˹ɫ棬ŷ峹ûС
һ֮ŷĲҽʧ٣ɫлΪһƬѪѪһ֮£ΪһͷСѪ渡ֳ۳һֵħӰӡ
ɫԲһ˵ϣԴ޶һ㣬ҲûȥһۣĿһѪһ˿⡣
˫̧Ҫ֮ʱת˲ԶǰǶʯ
һ̧һĿ⼤Ƕʯ֮ϡ
¡¡
ǶʯȻըѣһӰз˲ԶֳһӰ
˿ħƬѱԭģɫ԰ףȥ״̬ôãϵĳƿһ󶴣ԡѪ
ǺֶΣȻܽϢ䵽ȳ̶ȣҲˡâһ˵
͵͵Ŀһһۣв˵ǰ⻰ʲô˼Щס
ߣµ񣬵Ѻα֪ʣҼȻת֮ˣȻ̰ͼ쾵֮ǰμ棬㾹ȻܹȫħϢҳԾСһ˵
飬ɫδ䣬ȴ˲תͷ
ڴʱϺڹһħİӰֶ
ףȻˣˣһףĿħ졣
ԭˣҾȻˣħԭ㡣ĿħѲ˼ۺ󣬻Ȼ˵
±λϻĿˣȻҲһħת֮ˡǸŷڵħ꣬ĹɣȻõȳ̶Ȼ֪ǸŷҲǸ֮ˡħ´鼸ۣ˵
ԣһ𣬿ǰѪһۣ¶һ˿֮ɫ
鷢չһȻûȫħԻеȫ壬ҲһЩߡ
ƺħͬһˣνħת֮ˣӦúǧӱʱϹħ꽵ħ½ħһ¡
ֻǸ֮ǰ˽龫֮ͨ½Ĵ̫칤ڵͽĪǴħ½ǧ½ħϢ칤ڲɣˣľٶҲδ̫˼ˡ
һǿԿ϶ģŷʵһħΪ˻ȡ쾵˱׼ļƷ
ȽϺãħʵ޷ȫƿĿײıǧӱʶƣŵ԰ѱ׼ˣŷˣջûĶ֣
뵽Ѱٸ׵ɳвһ̾
¶ٻ쾵󣬺̵˵ţȴ˿ûС
ٺ٣ұ㣬Ȼʶˣұƾʵ쾵ɡħһЦһ챮ֶ
Ұ׹âһ챮зɳһֻҰɫĿɲ֣ڵĳǰѪһץȥ
һţҲǰɿ۳һֻɭɭĹ֣ǰ
ֺֻȻײһ𣬷һ¡¡죬漴ͬʱʧ
ˣ֮Уī߿ۼ˾¶һ˿ɫ
īɫһҪնеĽīɫ̲
һִڹӺɫзɳ˽֮ϣʹý͵һҪɢ
һӦǲعңάֽҪһһʮɣԶĿ⿴ħ졣
ħͬЦĿ飬û˵
ﶯ֣ѵħ֮˵ע⣿麮˵
ǻܳſĽͨܣſ羫֮ϵϢˡħ쵭һЦҲûм֡
ͬʱĿ⳯ΧɿɨһַۣһɺһʬɢĴߣԼϵħյУر׺ɫս׺Ǳɫħǹ
ȻЩ𣬵ϾҲǶ취ϡ֮
漴һ֣ԶϵǬ׻زлҲС
ħЩٶӶ·Щӡ
һ˲Զǧӱԡ
ǧӱ˿ȫӲĿͣϻɢ΢ķһˡ
ˣæǧӱִһڹ⣬ǧӱڡ
һ̸̽оǧӱȫһɹ취סɷҲħȻһɼΪľڤס˴Ů澭
̽ԭ򣬱ðˡ
תڤǾ˫ֵסŮ󱳣ķǧӱתһȦӡоڤɵ֮С
ǧӱһϷ˿Σ齥ָ


1391 Ѫɫʯ
ǧӱʱħңš
ǺǣŷһƷѻ׼СҲ׼𣿡ħ˲ԶѵǧӱһۣٺһЦ
ŮҲħ֮ȻԵƷƷԽ࣬ٻ쾵İȻҲԽ󡣡鵭˵
ħٺһЦ¶˲ÿɷ顣
˵ô֪࣬γƺĿһתʵ
ħɡħɫһ˵
ԭħѣҵĴǶ֪ұ㲻˵ˡſĽԶ׽磬ټȥ»ûٻ쾵Ѿˡ鿴һħİӣе˵
²ֱԡħŴ˻˵
˵ףǵĿĶǻ쾵˿̱ﻹûг֣ұڴ˴֣Ϊǡи飬ֻ쾵ȻٸƾΣ
ħԣ¶һ˿֮ɫĿ΢΢
ҲûгԴߴ٣ֻǾȴ
Ƭ֮ħ̾˿˵ͷѴұҰնɡ
Ȼˣδҹζ࣬㿪ʼְɡ
ħӦ¶һ˿ϲɫһӣŷѪһɵѪѪϿգĿĿǧӱһۣ˵Ʒٻ쾵İӦϡ
ǧӱ˿ָ̿ʶ˻һס
˵˿ƲᣬҲֻʣ²һɣ۷״̬ҲħĶ֣һˣ̲סԵ
йâһûп飬ħ졣
ħȻˣҲĸоĿ⣬ĹһЦ˵ˣλȻҲЩħ֮׼ļƷǸСȻҲһЩħ긽壬⡣Ҳ÷ܹٻ쾵
һ¶һ˿⡣
ħҲûͣдʣǰ챮Ұɫâһ¶˺ڰײΰı
˿̴˱ƽʱѾ䣬ڰɫ봦ֳһɵѪ죬ǰѪЩơ
Ŀڻ챮ϣһ˿ɫЦԭˣѾȻȱΪ˻쾵׼㿪ʼɡ
԰գȡһɫƿһ֮£ɳһźں֮һŵķŷѪ֮С
Ѫ̷˱仯淢װɫȻɺתڣܿ컯Ϊһźɫϼ⣬漴һ֮£۳һ©״©·Ѫơ
дʣ©ײԽԽֳһɫĵâξȻͽīľ޴мơ
ħۼ˾ЩĿһۣſеͳһ֣챮ͣ˺ɫ©Զ
һ̣ڰɫâţͬʱһѪɫâҲɿɢתۼ䣬챮Ѿ֡
ǧӱۼħľٶж¶˾ɫ
֣ƺϵǸŮͯɣǸħ죬ǵǺˣܾǵĿĲȡô򵥡ǧӱһ촽΢
Ҳ֪Ӷ˵̸Уƺ֮ǰἰħתйءԼĲ²⴫ص
ħͬΪħתִĻǵҪõ쾵֮ȻʲôҪ顣
ħԨھŲ㷢ԶԶԤϣһ̻ᷢʲô飬ѾܴĦˡ
һˣЩڣ֪ص̶̤֮С
Ҫ뿪Ҳˣֻһһˡ
ڴ˿̣Ѿ䡣
ž
һɫâǺɫ©ײѪɫ֮ϡ
ɫâƺ·Ѫˣһž죬ɫâɢһƬѪƣҲ֮ɢ
¶һ˿Ц⣬ƺ⡣
ħдʣ챮ķ߶֮£ѪɫâԽԽȻͻ챮ĺڰ׹âΪһ壬ΪһֹŹֵĻ֮ɫ
ĿĹһһֱͣһӣһŻӻ챮£Ѫ֮С
ͣ
ƬѪڻ֮£ɢΡ
ħһۣ˵ͷ˼߶طһɫâ䣬Ѫɫ֮ϡ
ѪɫԭʮɴСƬ֮󣬱һâɢ˴룬ֻʣʮɴС¶Ѫ֮е
ԶâһĿ͸ЩѪƣһ֮£ɫʱһ
Ѫ֮еľ޴ྐྵȻȥɫΪһ޴Ѫɫʯֳ͸״ھʯһСİɫС
Ǳǻ쾵Ŀһа²
ħȻҲǰɫС϶¶һ˿֮ɫĴ߶
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һĺɫâ˲дѪ֮Уܿ콫һѪƻɢ¶ľ޴;ʯ
ħʱһ֣˴˶һۣ¶һ˿⣬˲ԼͬϹâţƴ߶ط
ֻ裬֮зɳһڹ⣬û˰յĺɫ©֮С
ɫ©ȻǴײɫâţ
ţ鵥ָһֱ۵һһѪмû˺ɫ©֮С
©ײĺɫâٴδţһȻɳһɳĺɫâһ˵˾ʯ֮ϡ
һſڣһͷСĺɫâɫâƣѪɫʯ֮ϡ
Ѫɫʯһ죬Ȼζ˼£ȴûѡ
Ŀһ漴һִһڹⷨɫǴ˼֣ſһſ򣬳Ѫɫʯȥ
ͬʱħҲһ챮֪ʱǴ˱âţֳһ޴ɫͷͼ
ԳѪ˫ĿǳˣΪصü֮һ޴ۣâ˸
ħеͺһִһ׹âһüĴĵ̴ֻһĿݺݺѪɫʯ֮ϡ
ѪɫʯһȻһ̺˼ǿܡ
꣡
ʯڸֳһƣȻֻг˿ȴۡ
״Ȼת׿ħһۣɫһ󣬿мдʣ漴һſڣһɺ֮кȻһźɫԲ飬һУȻ浤
ɫ浤һ֮£˺ɫڡ
ž֮
ɫȫȻţȻǴϸֳһööɫۼףһ㡣
ɫһŤȻڰʧһ̣ȻѪɫʯԱߣ˿ѾǴ˶ʮɵһ̣ȻѪɫʯ֮ϡ
ֻ۾âһĿɫ磬·׵ݺݴѪɫʯ֮ϡ
꣡
ѪɫʯȻѿһơ


1392 ת
ħҲʾſһִڹ⣬һŵû˻챮֮С
챮ϵĹͼ̱쳣ֻйâʢмһĿĻһһѪɫʯ֮ϡ
ǿҵķײһҵľ磬˷ϯѹ·ˮһĳɢǧӱ˶ʱЩվȣæ˳ʮɣǿסΡ
Ƴǧӱһۣ̤һǰ档
ǧӱĿ⸴ӵĿıӰһۣ촽΢ţû˵ʲô
עûзâתͣĿŰգһ˿Ȼ
Ӧħ۳ħһʩչȫ˵˿ħչֵĲʵͬʱҲչ˻챮
˿̣챮ɫͷһκһ֮ǰħǹһ
ɫЩѿ
ΪƾԼڵʵɽ鷨ħܾͨͨ㲻ȡʤԱӦҲǺ⡣
ǰһЩҲ֤뷨ûдֳǣҼͨгɹӳ졣
ǰһĻԼ֮ǰЩ뷨̫棬ǰħ죬κһܿġ
رħ죬˿ֻ̲аħˣʵָˣԼһҲӲ¡
ǧӱվ󣬺ȻĿһתĿ˶Ѩľ޴ɫУһ˿顣
ģһͨīɫĽ磬Ѩĺ˿̷Щ仯ԭѾĺɫУ˿ֻӿһЩΧĺƺҲЩ𵴡
˿ڳ֮˵ĿⶼѪ쾧ʯĿ⣬ûע⵽
һܾ˵ĺɫ⼰Ѫ쾧ʯ֮ϣʯԽԽ࣬Ѿ˱ıԵ
ڴ˿̣ħâһ֮ϺڹһȻ̧ն֮ϣնϡ
ϱϸֳƬɫ棬תۼ仯ΪһŨܺħ취һߣ˻챮ϵͷͼ֮С
ɫͷâţȻ˻챮ΪһͷɫԳ񱼵ķ˳
ԳҲֻɸߣױгɭɭɫѪ죬ƺԹ޿ŭ֮һ㣬һɫᣬΪǿ
ɫԳһ֣һɿϢɢ
ɭԹԳ
鿴ɫԳɫ΢΢һ䡣
ǧӱˣҲ׷ɫ˺˼
ħһЦͬʱʮָɿһڹһŵûɫԳڣʹԳһŭɫƺ˼ǵӣɫһѪɫʯ
ۼ˾ɫһִһѪɫʯϵĺɫֹͣ˹һ̧ɫԳ
ɫзһŭ𣬾޴μӭԳȥ
ƺɫԳЩɵһҲҪ¡
ڴ˿̣ӰһħӰǰ
ħһЦ챮âţ˲۳һڰɫĻ򣬽Լ˶档
һ··̶֮УΧĻâͬ˿ϡ
ȫһǿǰɳһ룬㱻ͣ
ڴ˿̣ɫԳںĺɫȻײһ
Ĵ󣬺ɫ˫Ŀʢһţһִɫ׵缤ɫԳ
ԳһͺֻѪɫ۾âһѪɫһ֮ǰΪһʺѪ֡
ŨŨѪζһɢ
¡
ɫѪ֮ϣѪֿƵȻȻǴִޱȵĺɫ׵磬ͬ˻ײʯ㣬Ȼɢ
һ̣ӰһɫԳȻ˵˺ɫԣֻë׵ľ޴Գһץס˵塣

ԳͷһŭֱȻһ½ɫӲ˺ѿ
ɫзһڵϣƬ̣ˡ
ɫ徹Ȼûɢô˵ϡ
ԶǧӱۼɫԳ˺϶¶˾ɫ
ħƺԤϵû¶پ֮ɫ
˿ţһɫϼϯĹΧĻͼ˺ѣ
÷ˣκֻҪ̤ûбҸǿһϵķǲܴħ쵭һЦ˵
·ûб֮˿˫Ŀ֮Ϲüͷ΢΢˼ֲԾ
ΪħԼ֮УжƺҲǺܷӡ
˿̵鲢ûзɢԽŨ峹棬ԽԽɫϼ㴥ְϯĳΧ
ħЦһת׿·
˿̣ɫԳһ»ɱ˺ɫȻѪɫʯ֮ϣſһŨɫѪɫʯС
ѪɫʯһɫȻڻٶЩ
ɫԳ¶һ˿ͷ֮ɫͷĵֻ۹âȻһĿм;зɿСתۼ侹ȻΪϸһϸݺݴѪɫʯ֮ϡ
ѪɫʯȻһһžѪɫʯϸֳһִƣӿ
ڣšꡱһ죬ѪɫʯмѿԵȥֻһɢŵ׹Сڰա
ħĿ֮ɫһзһХ
ɫԳһԳһ죬ץ˰ɫСȻһѽץС
ħۼ˾ɫһɣִһΧĻһ֮ɢ
һ߷ٻ˻챮ͬʱһ·ȥ
ڴ˿̣ԶĿһ˿ײĹ֮ɫ漴һ֮£ȻѿΪ˹⡣
ħܽ˿屻ըķ籩һ壬̱һξԶԶ˳ȥ
Ա
ħɳʮɺ󿰿סΣƺûյ˺¶Ȼɫ
ڴ˿̣ΧȻյٻһ㣬ħӿ˹ΪһɫĻħ档
ħɫ䣬˫ַһ䣬ָһ³ְŴһĿڹ⣬ɫĻ֮ϣĻȻ渡ֳһƣȴûѡ
ǧӱɫһ䣬һ±̫ͻȻֵħ챻סˡ
ԣոԱƺı塭â˸ĿŰյıըһ
ڴ˿̣ϵκɫʬȻڹһȻΪźɫơ
һźɫƹâһȻΪһɫһģ֮£סɫԳɫ绡Գӿ
ɫԳзһʹ漴ڹһŰɫСֱۻȻնϣһźɫƾס˶ϱۣһɵ˰ա
֮дĴЦɢֳһɫ浤
浤֮ϣվһɫСˣȻ顣


1393 
˫ǸɫС˿˿ƵСɢ˰ɫС֮ϣɿУ˾
һһ촫סħɫϺȻѣӰһħֻɫѿ
δħʲôٶ촽΢˼¡
֮еĽīɫȻɢɫܺīɫܴӰֱ׹£һһҵϡ
ħѣ˿̻쾵ѾҵУĪΪȥɣһЦ
ħɫ飬зһգ·ɫԳȻһ⣬˻챮֮С
鷽ŽԱֻʣ¾ǣ˵ûսɫܺīɫܶͨĿܣرħԨ⻷֮£ܸռ˺ܴơ
ħû˵һЦȻĿѾﵽҲûмڴ˶˼ֱһӣһڹ⼤ȻһħԨ֮Կ
һɬдħԨ֮ԿȻһģ֮£ΪһĿڹ⣬һնռѿһ϶
ڴ˿̣ħ˫ĿȻ⣬ðǰ챮ŻҰɫϼٴڿնƺҪֹľٶ
ڴ˿̣䶸
һϷ߿մɫתٶȶȻʮֹȻգۼγһ޴ޱȵĿռͨޱȣдŨħ
ţһֻͨ岼ɫƬаɴС֣˲ӿռͨһ̽һɻذĿֲѹɢѨնͬˮһ
黮Ŀռѷ첻֪ܿռ𵴲ʲôԭҲֺ֮
ħɫͬʱ䣬иֳ˾ɫͬʱһŶѨԶȥ
֣
ھֳֵ˲䣬ɫ䣬ɷ˵һסǧӱֱۣȻΪһڹ⣬Զȥ
ǧӱԭվԶʱ̴ڽ䱸״̬˿ӵȻħ黹Ҫϲ١
ֺֻȻϴĴ½ףһ½ľ֣˿̲֪ΪΣˡ
ǧӱڱץסֱ֮ʱһ漴̷Ӧ
ʱָȻһ֣渡ֳķģɫϼָɾ̼סͽīͷͨܡ
ٶ֮죬ݣ
ͬʱбŵİɫСһ֮ĴֶΪһ׹⣬˾֮С
״¶˾֮ɫƺҪͷһ׹֣̻ΪеĲӬһ㣬Ҳܶ
ħ˿̾鲻ԶҲ׹ನȻһͣƺһҲҪ׹С

ħзҵ֮ɢĿĺڹ⣬ȻǴϵİ׹ſһЩ
漴ȻСȻѿڹ⳯˷ȥ
ħȻĳ׳ʿĹֶ˰׹⣬İħͬˮһϣøɱޱȣ·һ߸ʬһ㡣
ħɫȻò԰ֽոԪΪʩչԲŵ԰Ƕ׹⡣
¹Ҳ˲ȼ˴Ƭɫ棬̼ӿ˲٣תۼ׷ǰһûڡ
ߣ
ħޱȵͬʱ챮һҰ׹â۳һâһռ֮ѿһ϶
һɻҰɫϼӻ챮ӿסǧӱɵķѷ֮Уʧˡ
һпƸӣʵϲһ˲顣
Ѩ֮Уɫ΢΢һΣƺڸӦʲôƬ֮Ƿˡ
ţָһգס鼰߿ܵİɫϼһ
īͨɫϼУû˿ֵ֮ڽͬʱġ顱顱УΪһ촷ۡ
һŤΣһƺַȥ
ûֺ󣬴ֶʱ֮ͨУʧ١
ҲɿСѨϲĿռֻܿΪԭӣ·һжûзһ㡣

ħԨΧĳһ֮иֳһռѷ죬ͷΪǱӰ˳ǧӱˡ
һ̳Χȥۼһֲû׷ɫΪ֮һɡ
˿̻챮ӰƺǱħ
ǿƿ֮У˳˯֮ǰʩչļħҲûгɣһʱǻָˡ
޴ħֵƣƺ֮ǰĴ½ʱΪħ켰ʱƿռߣ˲㽻ˣһ£
Ŀ⳯Χ˴ǳΧʯΪƽǱ͵Ԩ
ӦԨӳǽҡǧӱؿڣһʤֵ̿ģ
ŮҲʵŵòᡣ
˵ڸոյУЩڣһǱģǧӱôһؿڣʱ¶Ƭѩ׵ļԼ֣ؿڹһɫ׹ģ˸˵Ĺ
ĿһƳ̱ƿĿ⣬һ
ǧӱоͷһ΢죬æؿڵѣȡһɫ紩ϣס˵ɫ
ոħʲôȻͶǸͨܣǧӱϲһ˿֮ɫת׿ɬʵ
Թﲻ֪֪ǾɢϢӦһĴڡҡҡͷȻǲȥ
йǸ޴ħֵ״Ӻζ׻Ҫѯħ죬ħ֮ǰĶԻƺһֱڹ˼ʲôӸոյһĻ¾ǿֲľ֡
ǾγǰºħĳϵĳԴȴһ֪
ǧӱﲻ֪ҲΪʶȤûмѯȥ
ҡҡͷԺеɻ׿˿ǧӱвɿЦһ
˷ԨӳģħԼϵħ⣬ֻǧӱˣ뵱Ԩĸ·ʮ֮࣬˿ȴֻһꡣ
λħͬһʱͨܣɳģͨڸ½أΪĿĿνǲֶΣ˵ΪֹͨѶԸһˡ
ϵһͻľָνδ
֣ǽҪô죿ڴ˿̣ǧӱȻ
Թк飿˵޷Ŀһһ䡣
Ǵ˷Ȼ˳νԪˣСŮӿһ徲֮أ޻ָһɺãǧӱһת˵
ɫһ˵ͷ
˴˿̶ˣʣ޼䣬Ҳƣ쳣Ŀǰ״̬ҪʲôѲħ޻ħ˶飬ºȫˣȷʵҪúϢһ¡
Ѷ㻯ݹ⣬ڿһģԶȥ


1394 Ĺ
Сպǧӱһɽǰͣ
֣㿴˴ΣǧӱĿ¿˼ۣ˵
ǰ޴ɽΧɵһĹȣɽ̲ɫΪҿΪƧһ޺ڡ
ɽǰһĺԲԼɣˮһɺǴıɫɫˮϷζϸ֮ǰЩмƣԸ˳˿Ҳû˿춯˴һ֮ء
˴ȷʵҲĿһ¶һ˿ϲɫ
ƬĹȲƧħҲΪŨʺָ
ۼûǧӱ˵ͷ㻯һâɽķͷԹԵĿסǱ
˴ŮϷᱳӰһۣͷ֪ΪΣЩ쳣
ʱ̫˰ɡ
ҡҡͷе뷨˦ȥҲɽɽ˴ΪλҲΣʮַҪ
ڴ˿һʱһ裬ɳɫ죬һŵķ׷ûܣɽڹ⵴ָ̻֮ƽ
ţһ̧һЩ͸ɫԲɿسڶڣɫâһ֮£һʮɴСĵɫĻ
д˶취ƷɽĻ뷨Ҳ붴֮УҲܼʱӦԡ
һк¶ɫһķ붴Ѩ֮Умһʯϣð

һ߰չȥһƬͣûзκ¡
һգչصɽһɺڹ⣬漴֮ӰһֳӰ
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ֵɫѾȬˡǧӱǳǳһЦ˵
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Ŀ΢ǧӱҲҪغܶ࣬ȻָĻҪ죬ħ֮Ůϵ鵤ҩ֪٣Ҳ
ȴֽ֪ʲô㣿ǧӱЦֳ֮ʵ
ħԨһ·֮ϣʱڰţƺѾϰߡ
ħԨ֮Ѳ⣬ĳһ·ѾգҴʵڲȥðʲôˡҴһȫ֮ؾһ£ȻȴħԨ֮нЦһ˵
ħԨؾдʱƵģʱؾ֮е˻ᱻԶͳȥ
ʱѾȥ룬˿ħԨؾ֮д󲿷˿¶ѾҵطǱʱħ֮Ļкúһ£ȴͳȥʱ䵽
˵ħԨ֮һΪħ죬ΪѼɽĲϣĿĻѾﵽ˵ԨԴȻḻҲֵȥðˡ
ǧӱԣһ˫֮Ŀ΢ƺڿʲô
֪Թкδ㣿ǧӱ仯ʵ
СŮӲðգҲҪƽ뿪ħԨ֮ءһӣǰ뿪ħԨؾ֪ûȤǧӱһЦ˵
˻棿һȻĶ
ǰ뿪Ȼã޲̾ħԨ֮أǸâڱ˭֪ʲôʱٳ֡
Ȼ˷ʳܣΪıħԨ֮Σգܹʱ롣֪˷ԸһʸһͬԨΪʴһöƿշʦҲһöֻҪħԨ֮ԿȻٲһͷǱǰƿ뿪ǧӱ˵
Ŵ˻ɫ΢漴˵ʵĳ֮ǰһŹֽƣħԨ֮ԿʧУԹķҪһöħԴ֮Կˡ
ֲõģʦôһöħԨ֮ԿġǧӱĿһ漴˵
áŴԣɫһɡ
ֻǲ֪˿̼ʦˣǧӱָʵ
Ҳûж˵ʲôһӣһɽ飬Żɫϼһ˱ɽռ䡣
ʱʸԾڲԶĿյϣϢȶƤѻָѪɫɻԲѡ
֣ʦɫѾָΪȻûѣǧӱü΢Ĳ鿴һ»ʸǵ壬ɫЩʵ
ʸ֮ǰ֮綾Ҳһˣ˿̻ʸȻѾָȴ֮УҹӦҪ˼գͻˡʶӻʸɨ漴е˵
Ҳֻٵȵˡǧӱɫһɣ˵ͷ
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䣬âһһżСɫʵȻöɹ
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ʦ˵ǰƹһЩҩģħǵĵɵƵǲӣɹĻƳӦûж⡣ֻǸݵĿǰζҩģֱǺǬݣӣʻҪϵģ֪ԹϿЯ˰֣漴һתʵ
˵Ҳɣ⼸ζҩǡеġǧӱһ˼֮£ʶ̽봢ȻһЦ˵ȡ֧Уݸ
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˵ŮҲΪԼûԼʲôԣ㽫Լзһ˿
ȻԹ£㿪ʼơڴڼ䣬ҪͷԹտһˡֽ֧𣬿˵
ȻַǡǧӱЦ
֮ǰʱסƿ󣬻ص֮С
ϥ£ϢһһΪӵСһӭ籩ɴСͨ巢ɫϼ⣬Ϊ죬񶦡
ȡϸٴȷһſһɫ𣬰ס񶦡

ʱת˲š
˿̣ǧӱԼɽʱдޣͻȻסϿոֳʵɫϼ֮һŨ֮ҩ㣬֮·һϢͨͨ弫Ϊ泩
Ůɫһϲæվɽ嶴ȥ
Ƭ֮ĹҲɽ嶴֮С
˷ƹЩۣҲŵҩԹĿ˵ţȡһ֧УḧĽ֮֮һŨ֮ܰ˱Ƕ
֮оöɫĵҩҩ渡Ȼֳơ
Ʒҩֵ֮ߣСŮǧӱĿһ˿ɫ漴˵
ΪŮĵʦȻ٣һƸ߽׵ҩöƷҩǻʸҵļλʦҲԶԶġ


1395 һ
˿ɫЩƣķѵľ񣬾һս١
ǧӱŮҪ˵ڶɹϾ˵Ϊ߽׵ҩƲף񶦵£һλʧˣڶ֮£öƷҩϲѡ
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һ£ǽɽռٷ£ϾɵкҩЧ˻̫˻Ļһ˷֣»Σա
Ϊ˲Żʸ˽һɽռ䣬Ըһξ룬ϥ
ú󣬴УɵУʱһɱ֮ǰŨ֮ɢ
ɫһæĬĬתס˵ҩ
ɵܿ컯Ϊһůڡ
һ̣ûůģӺ̰㣬һƮƮ֮У·Ҫһ㡣
һΣεԼƺ˾ɾ֮Уɾ֮Ũ׷裬ƮƮ
Χһɶ껷Ʒ裬⣬ƺƼ䣬Ҷü˵Ӱ
ŮǸ٣Ǵѣ赸κ𣬻Χ
˿̵г޵㣬ƺһ˿һĵһ
Σʵ˲

֪˶ãڴλѹȴִ֮ȻһƬȻ塣
һ飬һǰһĻȴȫˣ
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ǧӱܵƼһŻĿת˹أԴ֮ɫ
˫Ŀǰ龰͵һ˹
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Ŵ˻˿ǧӱһᣬ˵ͷǧӱյǺǣĳˣԹΪħ֮ŮȻСġڸոյ飬ʵŪɳ׾Թ½⡣
ǧӱ֮ǰǣŮѾˣŮӶԾǳǷմȾծֻˣһۣݹ֮£ͼɻء
ǧӱ飬֪ΪΣЩǿпԼûж֡
׵ڣȣʵȻڼ࣬ȥȷֻȡ衣
ã¾͵Ϊֹ͵һΣԺҶҪἰˣǧӱĺһ£˵
á˵ͷдӦһ
ǧӱۼشôɴ࣬ƺЩȲкķһɬ֮⡣
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ԣ̾һһ֣һһ̱ͬʱǼ䶴֮С
һʱ䣬Щ
Թ˿̻ʸϻûոսףǾһԼľΪáκǧӱһۣƳĬ
ʸǻãһʸǣǧӱĿԲ˪ɷе㻹ʦң
ʸҪҵɽкúһΪáǧӱ˵ת֮£˻ص
ܾ뿪ԨϣȫڻʸϣȻһ˵ȥˣԼǱħԨ֮ˡ
ȻħԨûмʱˣڴڼ䣬һǹٴγ֣Լûٴζġ


1396 о׻
ǧӱ˻һʱ˫Ŀɵϴ
ԭվ˺ܾãȶҲûٿһŵĻΪһҫĿϹ⣬ɻɽһߵɽ֮С
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ڷоվã¶һ˿ɫг̾һ
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еĿϲ֮ɫǿưƽһ󽫵ϵĶһһı
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1397 
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ЩסˣһıʣʵڳԤϣ
ڴʱ麣֮еĺڰ浤Ȼâţ浤֮еһ׷ĺһ浤ؿڵӡ֮С
ԭЩ׾Ľɫӡһһķġ
֮ӡ֮ǰ˱ɫȫʰ߲֮ɫ
Ǭ׻һףʼµӡɽȥٶҲԽԽ졣
ͬʱǬײлâҲ֮˥ȥ
Ƭ֮󣬵һƾױӡɽȥزлžડһе˵ϣƱ޹⣬һԾʧӡ
վԭأĿӦʲô
ģȻ۾ؿڴӡɫâһתһɫâֶ
һֱ۶ʱɫ绡ƣȻһֱ۴ϸɫ׵磬֮ȻȻǾףΧɽĻɫĻϡ
ɫĻһ֮£㱻׶·ֽһ㡣
һΣֱӳɽ嶥˫һ꣬ٴηųһɫ׵磬Զһɽ弤ȥ
һľ죡
ɽ˲仯Ϊɻңʧ
иֳ˺Ȼ֮ɫ漴ֱһɿϲ֮ɫ
ԭԲһʣ˾䣬׵֮ӽɫ׵Ϊɫľס
һ䣬ʹ֮ǰȣͬնࡣ
ң˿ȻʹڷȣʱҪһ㡣
֪֮Уͻڵƿ׵󾳺ڣ
ڷ̶ȹȻڿɱȣĬֳͬҺһĺڹ⣬·һɫɴһ㡣
һ壬оҲࡣ
ô£ڴʱԶϹһǧӱӰӱչ֮˳һʧɽ壬һ䡣
漴һת
Ŀһӱչ֮˳ȥ
㡭ѾͻƵڣǧӱĿһת΢΢һ䡣
ǵģΪһ⣬ҽˡ˵
ǧӱһ˸漴һŤͷⲻ
ЦһҪ˵Щʲôڴ˿̣ɫ΢΢һ䡣
ôˣǧӱĿ鵽仯ɵóʵ
û˵һļһɽ顣
ɽռ֮УʸȫϹţûһɫϼ⳯Χɢ
ɽռеĻɫƺܵɫϼѹȣ޷ΰɷΧ֮ڡ
ɫϼ֮У۳һ޴ķӰǿҵķӷӰɢ
ӰͷϹ⣬ΧɫϼһûɫУɽռԪҡ
֮󣬻ʸ۾
һ֣ɫ޴һģڣĿɫϼҲܿɢ˿
ʸĿ⳯Χȥڴ˿̣һεĿռ֮ס塣
ʸǰɫһ䣬һħԨ֮УǧӱǰԶ
Ŀ˸дһɽһŵķС
ʸΪͨܣһתһ˲˴˽⣬ĿĿһۡ
ʦ𣡡
ǧӱʸΣɫϲһɵ˻ʸԣһѱס˻ʸǣﻹлʼŮضķ緶
ӱôʸĿһתǧӱϣҲ¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫḧǧӱɫ㷢簮顣
ǧӱƺָ¶СŮЦݣڻʸԡ
˻౧һᣬǧӱƳԱߵһۣ뿪˻ʸǵ塣
ӱһֱΪ㱻֮ץסˣôУǸ˭ʸǧӱ֣Ŀ⿴һۣɻʵ
ʦӱҲûбץסǸʺʦǲԸħԨҾ͵͵ű˽ħԨǧӱƳԱߵһۣ˵
Ŷ˭ģʸ˳ǧӱĿ⿴һۣȻǿʵ
Ǹˣҵˡǧӱ˵
ǲҼʸǳϡҲûйֻңңȭһ
ʸǾ˻ԣ֪ΪηԴѹ֮Ѿѷ֮ǰ
˿ҲѲ󾳺ڣ죬ֵõ˼ǿʵ
Ȼȭ֮ȴǲ
ԭҼض񡣡ʸĿһ˿죬漴İ˰֡
һԵǧӱԼʦһͨܣȴֵ˵ݣҲһ˿ɫ
Ҽǵ֮ǰħԨ֮±֮˰㣬о綾˻ԣĪΪҽĶʸ΢һֿʵ
ʦ𣬵ʱģҺʱҲħԨûû˵ǧӱȴѷɿĽһнһ飬˳㽫ħԨеļҲ˵˳
ԭˣöлһ·շСͽ˷ħԨصʳǣضħʴˣԵѺνʸǵ˵
ԣһ˿ɫ˳лһ䣬վһһԲ
ħ֪ǧӱ֮£¼νͻ׷ɱ˰ɡ


1398 ˮʯ
ʸۼ̬Щ²вЩ֡
Ѱطļ峤֮ˣ󶼻ͽᣬ뾡һа취ĽӽϾĿǰħ½ʸҿһЩǣиŲСԴ
ңһӡҲûУȻһС壬Ϊ峤Լ֮ǰǷı֣ȷЩ
Ȼ֣Ҳȥ⽻̸˼󣬱㲻ˡ
ʸḧǧӱɫ㷢Ȱ֮¶ɡ
жȻʧܸգٳҲڴˣең˳Ѱ˹Ҳ㲻Уħиˡ
ǧӱŻʸǵ֣Ҳ˿顣
ĸױ㲻ߣСλʦܣνʦĸĴڣ˿պ󣬾ñطҪ˵ߣȴһʱ֪Ӻ˵
ӱķƺѾ׵ڣףԣô弫ħ֮ʧ⡭ʸ´ǧӱۣɫȻһ䡣
Ƴ˲Զһۣһ仰ȴʹõĴ֮
ǧӱɫһСţȴû˵
ʸɫһæһ֣ſһɫ磬ǧӱ档
Զɫ΢΢һ䣬Ȼոջʸһʹ˴֮Ȼµ˻ʸ˵Ǻ¡
˲תͷɫһãһվԭûжĿԶա
ɫ֮Уǧӱɫ糺վڻʸǰü˵
ʦҡ
ʸǿǧӱƬ֮̾һ
弫ħһʸشߵ伮һֻ赵Ĵ֮ѾڣѴɣûԪ֮嵹Ҳûʲôֻǡ
ʸ˵һ٣漴Ŀһʱֻǣ˭
ǧӱĬȻһʱû˵ɿƳ˽֮һۡ
˿̾վֻҪһſڣʸǿ϶ֽѵݺݽѵһ
ֻҪԸ⣬ûʸֱӻɱйͷ֮Ҳδɡ
ͷ⼸в֪ת˶ٴΣµͷȴ֪ôЩԥ
ȻʸĿǧӱոյķɿһƳȻӲ۾
ʸһۣɱһȹԼɱһûɢ
֮⣬ɫ΢䣬ϴĸܵһǿɱӽ͸
пЦһûʲôٶվ
ӱô£ôᡭʸ΢һ΢侲˼֣ʵ
ǧӱһ죬Ťһ£ڽǶ˷ɵ֮þͿ֮˵һ飬ʵҲԼ⼸˳׵
ֻ˵ѾЩ״Σ糺һƬ
ɵʸ˵䣬˼֮ɫָ糣
˵Ҳȫˡʸ̾˿˵
ʦҲ֪ɵĪҺǱⵤҩ֮Ӱ죬Բšǧӱüֵʵ
ô˵ɵϹʱڵĵҩΪ˵֮󣬳ܹľҲƮƮȻɽһ㣬ʶô˵֮˵ĸڻþеõ޶ȵķŴ󣬱޷ѣŮȻҲΪԴһ֡ʸ˵ǧӱһ졣
Ϲʿô˵֮ǰһ㶼ὫԼһܱտռ֮УԼʶΪǲ֪ɣȻͬһҷɵԲŻᷢ顣ʸǼ˵Щ
ԭǧӱһĵ˵
ȻѾˣδ£ʸǿǧӱʵ
⡭ҡǧӱЩſڽ࣬һʱ˵
ŭ˻ףʦ֣նɱ˴ˣйͷ֮ޡʸ˵Ļȴ絶
ǧӱɫã֮󣬻һԲ
ʸĿһ̾˿˵ʵҿǸҲ֮ʧո˵ԼҲһ֮ΪҲܲѾڡո˵ħԨеı֣ʵӦֹˣȻˣҲķΪһʸҵ
ʦôôô˵ǧӱɫߺ죬СŮһ˶ţ૵
Ů󵱼ޣҲСˣЩӦúúÿǵġʸЦһЦ˵
ʦǧӱ˵
Ϊħ½һʸҵĹ˵һǺŽԿ׵ģԴȵȶδȱܵڸĳ谮
ݾܵҹӣйеĽ׷󣬿νǼǧ谮һ
һߣЩ׷ǲмһˡ
֮ǰ֮ʧԪ֮壬Ȼŭռף˿ԭί󣬶һԹ֮ȴ˴롣
ϾħԨؾбֳʵǣǼߣξȹԼ
ǧӱĵ׶ʵкøУ׼ȻѾռˣʹõİ취ˡ
һ뵽֮ǰԼı֣Լ˵һЩƺԼǺܸȤӡ
Īǣûпңǧӱ͵͵Ƴ˲Զ¶ûʧظӱ
ðɣ֮˵ħԨҵĸ׵һЩټʸǼǧӱûΪ亦ߣ㻰һת˵һ顣
ǧӱŴ˻ϵߺһɨա
ħԨھŲͨħͨȷӦ˵°߼ĸ֮˲ϢʵûƭңĸǱץȥ˹ħ硣ǧӱһ˵
ʸɫһãû˵κ󣬲̾˿˵ʵйػܽ飬ǶźҲȫħʴˣ㻹ǲԭ𣿡
ǧӱһû˵
ʸ̾˿û˵ʲôȰ֮һֶ֣˵ɫɢ
оʲôת˶ˡ
ǰɣӱѾ֪ˣδ£ʸǿɫѯʡ
ڴ£ĳҲʲôˣԹԸ⣬Ը⸺ֻһҪѾ֪أһ˺ѾлԼֻǻûо˫޴䣬ϣԹҪǵ㡣Ŀ˵
ʲôǧӱԭɫȻһ纮˪
ȴֱǧӱɫƽ
˶Ƭ̣ǧӱȦ΢΢һ죬ת˲֮䣬ɫָֻ˱䣬ſҪ˵
Ӱһʸǵǰֹ̧סĻͷ
ʸ漴ת׿´˼ۡ
õʶ֪ðգֻҪӱſһձҪڴˡʸ˵
ĳһʵʵʸҪȡµֱܳǣȻֻһħˣҲǿĴڡһЦԻʸǣû˿η˵


1399 뿪
ʸԣĿоһϷ¶һ˿֮ɫ
һЦɫȻʸǶû¶˿֮ɫ
ãʵǿ壬ӱķҵʮġʸϺ¶һ˿Ц˵
ɫһǧӱŴ˻Ǵһ
ʦ˼˵ʲôѾŮˣôܼ޸ֹ֮ͽǧӱ˪˵
ǧӱⷬײıЩ˻ʸһۣĿǧӱʱȴݺݵһۡ
ӱĪҹ۴ǱޣպͨҲʮþ֮¡ЩŮҲûʲôӦûûʽΪ¡ҼӱòѵûŽУʸǵһЦǧӱ˵
ǧӱһ漴һŤͷ˱𴦡
ʸ¶һ˿Ц⣬ߵǧӱԣ§ڻһ˽
ǧӱϺķһΣҲ֪ʸǺ˵ʲô
Ŷ˴вɿЦһתԶ
Ƭ֮󣬻ʸǧӱ˹
ѣӱ飬Ҹոպӱ̸ƺЩ٣Ҳھ¶ۡʸǵһЦ˵
Ŀ£ȴû˵
ӱʳħʴ׿ϣй֮£뿪صʳ֮˵ɡʸȻ˵ħʡʱ˿
һɫ΢΢һ£ƺĬ˴˻
ǧӱ˵ɫƽ˲٣һۺ󣬺ܿƿĿ⡣
⣬뿪飬ӱҲ˵ˡҵķҲѻָھͶɡʸǿ˵
Ǵ±̻ʸˡȻ˵
ʸǵһЦһ̧֮ƾնһ̣ݸǧӱɫȻ˵ӱЩ̲һŷֹ󡣡
ǧӱ˵ͷֽӹЩߣ촽΢ʼĬ
κһֱͣһЩ̷׷׷Χת淺⡣
ѣһҪʩչӱɴţͷѻһʸת׿˵
Ȼ˵ͷɫȻĴӦˡ
ʸйâһĸֳһöָڴСĺɫԿףħԨ֮Կ
ͬʱһֻһ֮£һöһƬİɫȻ뵱ʱٸȡķһ޶
˿̣ЩǧӱĲٿ֮˰գ֮ܿһЩɡ
ǧӱһִеȻ˵ϣһͷ
ɢһĽɫâС

ݣĳãȺɽϿգռ䲨һ𣬽ŴƬɫâðһɫڹâ֮иֶ
֮йâһֳ˶ŮһӰһˡ
һ֣Ŀ̳ΧȥΧһƬѩããĻɽҰ֣ûӰһ
ĻӦûں֮ڣֻǲ֪㺮ǶԶˣüͷһ˵
뿪ħԨʶܹͨɢд󳩡
ħʴ˴ƿշܹǴͳ⣬˿ӦѾԶ˹㺮ǣصı֮˲ˡʸϲ֪ʱһ֣˵
ԣ˵ͷ
֪ѽкδ㣿ûнҪ֮£һͬǰʳһΣʸ΢΢һЦ˵
ǧӱԣһ˫йâ
лʸǰʱΪңһƬңòУò뿪ħԨĳΪ֮Ҫȸϻһ˰һ˼Ƭ̧̣ͷ˵
ǧӱԣ֮ƺ˿ĿȴҲЩա
ֵ֮Ϊһ֮Ȼ֮ΪءʸǾƺ⣬ɫ˵
΢һȡһöϹƴСƣݸ
һʸҵƣҴϡѾһƬң㲻ǨöƣʳκεطһطΪҵľס֮ءʸ˵
ӹƣ¶һ˿ɫ
ħ½ȻǸħŨ֮ѱռݣöܹһ֮أǿǼȨޡ
öǻʸҵĺԱӵ֮ȻһЩȨġʸƺеɻ΢΢һЦЩȻ˵
ǾͶлʸˡĿһϲöƣȷʵ˺ܶ࣬һ
ʸ̹ȻһĿңңԶһʱû˵
ٹʮ꣬Ǹǰʳǣħʴ˵ˡʸǳĬƬָ̺Ŀ˵
Ŵԣɫһ΢һڳʳڣǰĵ˵ǺǾʮ֮󣬲ʱ󶼽ίĵ˴Լδ
ǧӱһֱվһû˵ŻʸǴ˻ɫ΢΢һ䡣
Ϊ֮ʱǵʳһˣʱһǶ֮°ɡʸǿһۺ˵
Ŀһзӵĸо
ʸҲ𻰣һǧӱԶȥ
ʱǧӱӿһ˵һۣǡҲ˹
Ŀһһ̣ǧӱ˲ģ
ת֮䣬ǧӱͻʸǶ˱㻯ΪһϹ⣬ʧԶʡ
Ŷ뿪в֪ôҲֳһ˿֮ɫ
ڴ˿̣ɫһ䡣
һХ֮漴âһһڰʯֶǻ챮
챮ϺڹһһӰз˳ԣħӰ
ħ˿ȻЩήңҲ֮ǰħԨʱÿ˺ܶࡣ
ʲôʱѹģħҲû¶ʲôϲɫĿʵ
ոãǵĶԻҵǡһЩٺ٣ǸʸǵĻڶǸʸǸСѾͷˣħٺһЦʵ
Ŀһ漴¶ŭ֮ɫȻħ졣
ɵ䷽ǲǱֽţô޹ʸŮӺ壿һʵ
ɵ壿ʲô˼ҸոʲôҲ֪ħһʵ
ħ鲻αԥһ£ɵ֮Ϳǧӱ֮˵һ顣
ԭô£СӣԩˣҸɵĵȫû⣬ҲԼṩģºûйϵħ¶һ޹ı˵
Ŀ˸ħ죬ƺжħǷš
ħ뵽ʲôһ㣬¶˼֮ɫƬ֮üһƺһ¡
뵽ʲôˣɫһʵ
ȷʵ뵽һЩŮӷ£ԭ򡭡ħɫһ˵
˵ȥòҪˣһĿħ죬֮Іһ죬ðһɫ绡ת


1400 ں
ףû뵽컯СȻʹ˱졣ħһ˿֮ɫ
ʵɵ֮£⡣˵һĵɫȻһ
ðɣʵˣɵȻǺҩ֮󡭡ħһ٣ɵ֮˸˵һ飬ͻʸǶ˵Ļһ
ԭˣΪβȰѴ˵ǵ˵ͷ漴ʵ
һʿô˵ʱԼĶϤ׼ıչ֮أȻͱԼ巢ʶΪһЩԤϵĺ˭֪СӵĽͿǸŮͬһռ䲢ͬʱ´˵˸ɲһˮɣֵֹ˭ħһЦٺЦ
ԲЩƣħ˵еҲȷʵá
¾ˣй֮ǰǸ޴ƵʲôûǴĻѾ˰ɡһһתʵ
ڴ¡Ҳܸ㣬֮ͨǰ֪¶к档սͨԻὫһֱ档ħĬȻƬ̣ص˵һ
ԣüͷħأĸΣֲǿ˵
ħٺһЦĿ⳯Χɨһۣ˵ȻѾ뿪ħԨʲô㣿
뿪Ҳкܳʱˣʱȥˡ˵
ôĪǻĶǸһЩУѾڵľ磬ӦΪͨ׼һǻɢ㲻˼ġħƳһۣЦЦ˵
Ŵԣɫδ䣬ȴ΢΢һ
ȷʵħ˵в֪ʱʼǹˣǰ·Ǻȫ̫ͬʱҲΪصġ
ġҷҪ㣬쾵ѾǸߣδ㣿һʵ
ħɫһĿһ˸̧֮ͷЦһ֪ǶҺοȥ쾵ħֻһ룬˷ʿν˲СȻǼѰĲˡ
ˣѾӵ壬Ƿܹüˣüͷһʵ
Сӣ㾡ܷľǣ쾵֮ˣȻٴˡ⣬ҲԸ뿪壬һЩԭʱ뿪ħ쵭һЦ˵
ԣɫһ䣬ܾû˵
ˣû£ȻȥˡħٺһЦһҪ챮֮С
һ£˴ħԨ֮Уʣ¾ſɽĲѾѼĲˣǰӦһħԪ㲻Ҫ˴¡ɫһ˵
˴ħԨ֮Уؾϣһ˵Ĵ﷨ͷŪ֣ɽȻ㹻ȻԸȥˡ
˴Ӧ£Ȼᷴڡħûлͷ˵
סͺá
䣬һӣϷһڹ⡣
ˣһ£һطʮֺɽһķħ뵽ʲôһ㣬ڽס
Ŷ˻棬ʲôطɫһʵ
ںݼ֮أһΪںĵطħ˵
ںһԺпʼǰһЩйغݵϣȷʵ˺ݱһΪںĵطǺݵһյأ˵Ϊ֮
ȻˣǾһ˺ں֮¾ʱӺɡһ£˵
ħ쵹νҶԣֻһ߶ѣ˵޸顣
Ŀһȡһɫָ̣㣬ڹ֮ϣγһɫ
漴һзɳɫ֮Уβɢ
֮ǰħԨ֮У޷ʹôѶ̣˿ѾһҪһʱŻȥȻҪȺ֮˴к
Ƭ֮ɫ֮йâһֳһɫӰ
ǼɫС˷ġ
ң֮һпɻ˳ʵ
һжãֻǼ뿪꣬Ѷ֮˶ǹŵϲ
Ǿͺã֮ǰһռ䣬޷ʹôѶ̣Ѿȫ˳תˣǲصģͺá΢΢һůڿƸ飬޲
ǣһת档Ǽ׼ʱأĿǰѾȪݵɽҵһ֮ءĴӦһһתʵ
Ŵԣɫ΢΢һû뵽Ȫվס˽ţǺ£ҲΪˡ
ʱУһһҪȥһ£ܻҪʱ䡣˵
ǡƺЩʧӦ
ʱ䣬ҾͼˡһصУһ¼δĳ·˵˼䣬˴Ѷ̡
ǰ鴦ˣǰ·ɡתħ죬˵
ħٺһЦһ·򣬱һεĳԶɶݶȥ
˵Ӱܿʧѩ֮С

֮󣬹㺮ĳɽȸһҲʮӰƾճ˰֮Уθ죬ȻǽħԨؾĸ֮ˡ
ңһǰħԨؾнˣ˵ۼħ½ľӢ֮ͳģȴɡ
ֵǣĴһҲûƼƺȫûһ㡣
Щħ˳֮֮ɫĻ漴һԲɢɶݿ
֮һϢħ½ҵĸ߲
Ĵ֮УңҽħԨˣȻһҶħԨ֮еȴǱտڲ̸û͸¶κε顣
壬˵ֻлʸһͨ뿪ħԨڴ£ʸҲǻĪûʲôϢ
ΪصħԨ֮£ôƽƽĹȥˣ֮ûжἰˡ
ħ½ϵľƣȴûоʹ˰Һ֮
ú󣬻ʸڰͲסǲݣݣݵȵء
Ȼʾɳ൱սͻʸҵĴңң
֮˫ʽսһʱ֮У׷ȼս𣬾òϢ
ͬʱһɫݹ˺ݼ֮صĺںâһֳӰħˡ

ħԨؾ֮ʱתֹꡣ
Ȫݣɽ
ɽȪݵһɽʮɽ֮еźɵħ޷ɽӰӰ´£ʿڴ˴ҲܵСơ
ϸ֮£ɽ֮죬ЩɽѩһƬ˿˿ɫƿЩɽͨ죬ĴƮɢΧͺͺһƬʱк֣·ɽ緢һ㡣
ɽͨ䣬鲼ɸߵɽϪƮƮɫ
ɽɭܲܿһֻħ޷ɳ۶
˴ɽȪݵһħŨ֮أȪϵҶڴ˵֦ɢҶ


1401 Ħƹ֮
ɽǴģĳǳرСģĳ򼰸פظ岼ЩĲݵȵأȪҪĺܶࡣ
ɽһΪεɽȣƣ͸Ȼ޽һ޴ׯ԰
ׯ԰޽ŲٹոµɫשʯɫħƣŵĹâ
ׯ԰λãһ޴ĺ㳡ͨһΪΰĹ
ſվ׵ʿɫȻ
ϷһʮɸߵɫģźХɽ緢죬̵֮ĺȻҵı־
֮ǰһշת£ӲǨ㵽˴˴Ѿؽϣڲ֮ʱƺģһЩ
˿̣ׯ԰֮ȴأżзɹ֮ˣɫҲЩ
빬֮УӶ࣬λ󾳳ϡģ෽ɽ
˶ˣһ쳤۴硣
Ϊ׵һüĴ󺺣쳤йâתŵϢΪȻﵽڡ
ԱһӣĿ䣬ȻҲڵΪȴһһŮԼĪʮͣΪڡ
ҵļλϣҵȵǰΰݷʱѾ˵ĺˣĳҲԸٶѴࡣռݵĦƹȣҵҼҪˣǲ䣬ǧħҰĦƹȡһֻ֣Ȼָ˵
峤ԲӣΪĦƹǰǰ󻨷ѲǧħǺķƾʲôҪøǵҼҡ棬λû˵״෽ѾĿˡ
˴ĦƹȱͲУǴɽһҸǼģҲѾˣǵʱ䣬ɶԣԵǸЦһ˵
ˣλȻ֪Ǿɡ֮ڣ⴦ɽȶУǵҼԸ⿪ʲôǾóɽȵġĿһ˵
Ĵ˻һλҼ֮ɫһ
ĳϣոǼҶµĹأڼĵ򣬸ǼֻҪӦȨջصġ󺺿ģһһ˵
ǼҪջ⴦ɽȣҾ޶ǾΪǵҼһ仰óĵĿڵ
󺺵һЦһӣȡһŰɫƤֽһ֣ɫƤֽɵǰ
ĵĿһɫ΢΢һ䣬ɫֽ֮ϣȻĦƹȵĹԼ
ǵҼҪ⴦ɽȣ˫΢еʵ
ˡ󺺰һЦ˵
ɫʱ
Ұᵽ˴Ѿʮʱ䣬ΪңͶѹҵһʱǨˡ
ȪɽȪʢħԴʤأݾҲǲԶڣǲݵȵؼǨѡ֮ء
ֻǨ֮ʱݵݿһûԤϵսǳճ־õĴսۡ
ɽ֮󣬻ʱ侫ϸѡջǧħ˴һҸǼң⴦Ħɽȡ
˹ΪħŨɽռذ֮㣬ڳħԴ⣬һħԴҹͣͷųħ֮ڴħ°빦͵ȼĵͻƸҲͨħԴࡣ
ʣɽҲϵȵĺõط
⼸ڴ˴ʵһʱİӣеӵٶȣҲ˲١
ɾķḻԴʱɽľҲȻ˱仯
ȻҪӽ˵⼸֮ڣǵûңոʧȥļ֮أҵдڲ²Ľ״̬
ӴǼݵҼУȻװڻҡ
ǣܵݵңڲ˲Ծʼ׷ǨڵظһЩħŨĵطȻ漤
ȪݿʳڵݣɽһһħŨ֮أڸ֮صȻҲﵽһְȻ̶ȡ
ֻ֮ǰһֱûӰ쵽ңʱǻΪңΪʱȥˡ
û뵽иմӲǨ㵽˴ĵҼңȻҲһۿĦƹȣһЩѾΣҪó˵ء
ҼǲĴ壬ʵ֮ϣҾݴţǻɽĸǼҽӴΣ֮峤񶼲֮УҼҸǱ˼
ڵҼҵҪĵǾԲӦģȲ˵ó˵غҵȥҵڶôõľס֮ؼҵѾĦɽнؽ
ؽʱķ˴Դڣĵûз֮£ͼȱĶ취ĦƹеǸħԴȻ˱죬ںһ
һǿջͼͼ»ʹ˱٣֮Բġ
Ҫ֪ҵӸǼĦƹ꣬㻨ǧħҪ´˴ûʮļ۸ܡ
ֻû뵽ҼҾȻ˸У
벻ǾȻҪ⴦ɽȣԼûгǼӦûûоǵҼҰɡǺãݸǼҵĹأڼأ跽ȵĹȨҲǼ˴ǻİɡĳһ£˵
һҼɫһ䣬෽ɽҲǻȻɫ
ȻҲΪУҪóħҲҪԲ
ɫȻջ˰ɫƤֽڵĳٴλҪȰһ䣬ɲҪƲԳԷƣĪΪҵҼ޷𣿡
Ǻǣ˴ȪݣǲݣǵҼҪ֣Ի㵽סĵһЦⷽ󺺵в֮⡣
һݣԣﲻǲݣȪɽ
ɽнȪݵһңǼҹϽ
Ǽҿͨģڴ˾Ӫ˲֪ˣʵԶңҼЩ֮ϣҸǼΪɽƽŵԭѾ䲼ϽϽ޹Υ߻ܵǼҵƲá
Ҽҵһ䣬һ·󺺵½ǣ󺺿һۣüͷһ壬û˵
ǺǣλؼǵҼˣΪ⴦ɽȶѣȻᴥǼҵĹءӺǺһЦ˵
ЦһûӦ
ôĳҲҪ´˵أȴ֪ҵʲǷܹôһħҪ֪ҵҼҿǳħģǼ֮ɻԥԥģûдӦġ漴һת¶һ˿ɫ˵
Ͳ͵ĳϵˣħʻóġĿһ˵
Ǻǣ˵ǰͷóħҵҼҲĦƹȵġȻ֮ˣʱ˵ͲħµˡĿһ˵
ĵŴԣɫ΢΢һ䡣


1402 
ǹҿģʸĲҲ㲻ˣ²֪ΪβԸ˵أ˴ɽȵϢһȻע⣬ǿܻΪ⴦ɽʲô֮ұ˴ᡣʱһбĸм˽˵嶼ò⴦ɽˡλҲ뿴ɡһתּ˵
ɫһȻӴֻǲ²⣬һִȷʵмܻᷢʡ
ԣҲһ˿֮ɫ
ϾĿ뽫ĦƹȶΪµ֮Լǧൽͷȴñ˼˱ˣԼǺοࡣ
ĳϴҲһΣǲܷģһĳҾǡ˭ܹõǡĳƬ̣ǿӲ˵
ĳϹȻ紫һ㣬˫ȫĳһ֪ҵļλȤһӿ˷һۣ䳯Լ΢΢˵ͷתͷһЦĿ˵
ĳл˵޷Ŀһ˵
˫ִݣ˵ҲȻ츣أ߾֮֮ˣȻƾʵ˵壬ԱȶķʽĦƹȵĹΣһˣԼԷݡɫһ˵
Ӵ˻ɫһ䣬෽ɽɫҲЩÿ
Ҽҵ湦ĻԹԶǿƣҵҼҵħڣʵԱ֮ǿһ
ĻҾǰܶʤ١
ôĪҵλѲӦս𣿻˵λҹҵҼͨ𣿡Ľ˵鿴УЩ˵
ŵļͨ෽ɽ϶ʱ¶ŭɫ˲ûпڣĿջġ
Ŀһ˸Ƭ֮󿪿ڵãȻҼҵλҪԱȶķʽξףȻ㣬йرȶľô˵
ۼľȻһڴӦ˱ȶ෽ɽɫһ䣬ƺҪ˵ʲôȴĿֹ
ĳϹȻˬ졣ڱȶ֮ôұˣʤĦƹȹʤСĹһЦ˼˵
ãȶʽ֮ԣȶĳĵ˵ͷĿһ˵
Ŵ˻һǹļ֮ˣզŴ˻ȻһͻȶˣҾȶأҲ޷ܾ
ǲ֪ĵҪںδԣҵҼǻԹѡʲô֮رԣʧʵģȥǲôġĳƬ̣˵
ߣȻѡǵȵطǷģԵصͶĦƹ֮У֮һʤĵ˵
ãһΪ󺺵Ħƹȱԣд󶨣Ȼվ˵
Ħƹ֮пû֮أȻҽȶ֮ضȻԤıԳʵҲ̫⡣
ĺҼ֮Ҳվͬʱâţ¶һĨ֮֮ɫˣֳһƬâΧ¶ҲȻ˼֡
Ϳͣһݣȴ˿䣬վȻ
ͷλˣסϼ죬úʱɡҼ˻һۣ¶һ˿ɫǹЦһ˵
ĿѾﵽҲûжһӵﳤȥ
ۼҼ֮뿪ĵȴȻվڴ֮Уû뿪
ĬȻƺڿʲô෽ɽȻлȴҲһʱûпڡ
λл˵޷ĺܿתĿ⿴෽ˣһЦ˵
ĳϣˡֱԣΪҪӦ͵ҼԱȶĦƹȵĹҼʵǿᣬҿǴսʤ١෽ԥһ£ǿ˵
Ҽʵ֮ϣ᲻ֻ֪ӦȶҼұضưոݣ潫ȥĦƹȣҵĴ͸Σˡ̾˿˵
෽üͷһ壬˵˵ʲôһԵɽѾס
˵ҲѾûˣȻѾ֪ĳϿʲôʤ㣿ϽȶصĦƹȣӦĿİɡɽģĿƵʵ
ɽԲսҵδȻ⣬֮Խȶص㶨ĦƹȣȷʵҪ˴ĵӼʤ㡣ĿһЦ
෽¶һ˿ɻ֮ɫ
ɽҲһ漴Ŀһʧĳϵ˼ѵҪ
Ҵ㽫̨޽֮ϣٸ֮֮ˮˮ̨֮С֮ˮҹ漫ڴ˵Ȼбȶǵʤɡĵ˼򵥽һԼļƻ
ɽ෽Ŵԣɫɴϲˣȷʵܹʹʤ
ĳϴ˼ǵҼ֮˿϶Ҳִᷢ£ǻ᲻£ɽ֮Щǵ˵
ѾͷӦĦƹȱȶ㵽ʱôڣҲлǲصġĺһ˵
෽ɽ˵ͷû˵ʲô
ǲμӱȶѡô죬ѵ˳෽ʵ
ĳƬ̣̾˿ڵսҵδˣȻЩǿǽɣȻ˾Һɽɡ
෽Ŵ˻ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ҳûж˵ʲô
Դжμ֮ΪԪһֱչؾޣѾû¶ˡ
ڵΪȷǻʵҲΪʤҲС
ǡɽִӦ
һ£һЩϸ̶෽ɽ뿪֮Ͻ̨֮ˡ
ߺĿԶ̾˿
ڴˣʵһҼֺգ
ⳡȶȻıܲʤҼҲֻֻ֮һһˡ

ʱһζׯ԰һɫϿƾմһɴСɫ̨̨ʮ޴ɫʯ
ש̨Щשɫ񣬼ʵһǼΪĲϡ
·İɫ֮мһִޱȵİɫ֧ɫ̨·һɫą̂Χʯɢ̨ΧγһԲεİɫĻ
˿ׯ԰֮ȴС
͵Ҽұȶ֮Ѿڴ¹δһ磬ҵӱ۵̨ʱھнǧ˵Ĺģ
̨վĸӰȻҵϣһߺȻǾδ¶ҵһ
˿ɢϢȻȱչ֮ǰ˼֣ȴûͻƵ۷壬ϻɢһԪӡ
ȻѾչһٶִ꣬ô꣬д󲿷ֵȻϵĳ֣ȻΧһ
ĵλȴδ̨ΧЩӵܣɫмȴһ֮ɫ


1403 Ǽҳ
ϣ̬ò˼ҳɽʵֱǸĶһһ֮ɫ˵
⵹ûʲôұչذ꣬Ϊ޴ͨˡûмûٱչȥҲǰװ˷ѹˡܹһʱΪһ㹱ףҲˡ˻֣ɫȻ˵
ĵԣɫЩȻ
ˣ˵ûл𣿡ͻȻ뵽ʲôһ㣬ʵ
ûУһǰ˵ǻҪһʱܷСǼڴˣõҼŰ衣̾˿˵
üһ壬Ҳ̾һ
෽ɽĿҲһر෽ֳ⣬ħ󣬴ͨѵһĻ̣Ŀ
УʵѾ൱һͨܣڴˣҼʮӣҲǰƵġ
˵ĵҼǼϵʵȶĵһ֣ɡĻҼҿ϶ɳһڵħ˶Ըңǵ̫޷ʤһԱ浤ͬھȻ˵Դ֮ȴǺޱȡ
ϣ˾ʹáɫȻһ䣬æȰ˵
ҼҵʵǶˣûǲܱסҵĻҵ˰ֹ֣ס֮ԣɫȻ˵
⡭ĵ˼ˣ
ˣԣôˡԪͨϣҲޣܺͬھǶж༸ֹ˼ɣδǼ¡һ٣˵
ɫ¶ɫû˵֮󣬿̾˿ƺĬ˴¡
ɽ෽ҲɫӵĿ촽˶ʲôҲû˵
˶֪ڣĿǰΨһеİ취
һƽ֣ĺɽһ˳ĶԸҼҵһħˣɽһڣҲܺǴƽ֡˵
ǣ֮ɫһ񣬹ֶһ
¶һ˿пɫ̹Ȼһ漴ԭرĿ
˰ʱԶͻȻһƬƣڼ󣬱̨
źɢ¶ļӰǵҼˡ
˴ȴˣ֮ǰ̸ʱֵĵҼ⣬һ۵ӣԼĪڵΪɫƣֻС۾񣬿ʮֵĳª
ĵ˿ϵ·ʱɫΪ֮һ䡣
ɫڴһµ־ǸǼҵļơ
ҵļλϣλǺǸǼһλϣӦԼˣΪǵҵı֤ҲǶԸǼһλǱȻİɡҼ峤˹һ޼ɵĳЦ
ԣһۣɫ̫ÿ
ҼҾȻ뵽һλǼҵĳˣⳡȶԤиӼˡ
Ǽҵλ󺺸Ǻ˫ֵɫĮȻĳҼ˵˵ͷû˵
Ŀһܿ첻ɫغǺһЦģӭǺã
̨һɫ̨ӵڷ˼Ρ
ǺһЦ˵һۣβûжȻûȥĴ㡣
ļˣɫ΢΢һת۱ָ糣
ĳ˲ͣҼȻҪȶ㲻Ҫʱ䡣ǺƳĵһۣ˵
෽ɽҲ¶һ˿ŭ֮ɫֻʼһȻ˿ƽ˵ȻˣھͿʼɣ
Ŀϣоɫһ
Ҽλϵʵ֮ǰˣ˿̾ȻͻȻðһ֮βǳһ
͵Ķ˶һۣ񲨶һ¡
һ䣬Ⱥɳĸ浤ӣиһɫ죬ٵվ̨Ľǣͬʱд
̨Χʯâһ·мİɫ΢΢һ£̨Χİɫϻѿһڡ
Ŀһ̨Լ·ɨ˼ۣʶɢҪ̽ȥ
ʶո·̱һɹĵ˿޷ȥüͷɵ΢΢һ塣
ĳϣ̨Ǹոմİɣ⽨ĳʲôر⣿Ŀ⿴ģʵ
ĳ϶ˣ֮̨·֮ȹ̨Χ󷨽硣Ҷһóһʹöನɢ˳ұҪˡĿһһЦ˵
һ漴һЦû˵ʲô
Ǻһ˫СһٺһЦҲͻȻʧһ̨̣Ͽա
յҼҺҾԱȶĦƹȵĹɱڴ˼֤αԣֶʤȶûκιغƣֻһ䣬ȶŻ˫ͬ⣿ǺĿ⿴֮ˣ˵
ĹҺ͵Ҽҵλɫһ̧ͷȻصҼͬ⣡
ĿһҲû
ܺãȻ˫ͬˣͽеһ԰ɡǺˣ¶֮ɫ
ĿһɨһЦ漴תͷĵλϵ
ͬʱ֮ȴɳһӰȻ
Ϸһ⣬ͥŲ̨ƻʵ죬գۼѳ̨ĹĻ֮С
һϷ̣֪ҼλѣһλԸͽ̣Ŀ⿴˵Ҽˣ˵
Ҽɫ΢䣬û뵽ҵ˾Ȼн
Ŀһ촽΢͵˵һϻһһ㣬̨
ԭ±ǰμֲþֹһ̸¸Уϣҵô󷨲ҪʧһЦ
䣬Ҳζȴð˴ƬĻ⣬˹ǣƤ˲ڱͬڻǧľְ㣬¶Ĺ
ಣ
ţͬްһ˫һΣһģʹһӰ˹ͬʱв֪ʲôʱһ䵶
䵶渡ֳһµĻƣɢ˵ķȻһħ
ֱһ䵶жʱһŴĿ⣬ȻһţĿʱɢһ»Ϊֱ꣬ȥ
ľȻ˵ֱ㶯֣ȻֶסԷ
һӵƿУתۼ䵽ͷ
ɫ΢䣬ҲڵΪӦȻһӣ׳һɫͭ
΢Ĵͳָһͭһתһɫ⻪ΪһɵĹֽȫڱεĵˮ©
ͬʱһʮڵɫСӶһӭ籩ʮɴС鲼ǰĿռ䣬ĺХ֮


1404 
ȥ
һȣʮɫ޽źϷȥϷųһɳɫâΪһž޴ײһ
ϾɢۻҵĽâն£ķ׷ɢ
ڴʱзһӣʮɫ޽һ뷽һ䣬ŵڼȥתۼ㵽˵ǰȻն¡
ĿЦһܲãһֱֻۼӶ䵶ͬʱһһţͷڹһðһεĺɫơ
˶ħƣһ֣һĻΪһɫĹ򣬽סȫ
䣡䣡䣡
ײӶ߰˵ɫ޽˺ɫ֮ϣڱ汬һźɫΡ
һ̣߰˱ɫ޽ȴɫû˿ˡ
ɫһ䣬һʧµĻȴͣʹʣ߰˱ɫ޽ɵĽ᧿Σ
һݣֻûٻ˹ĵɫ޽
ڴʱĲ֪ʱ˺ɫ֣ͬʱһ۳ֻɴСĻһȹ˱˲ʧ١
Ļʧȥ˺֮˲ɵɫ£ɢ
δһ䱳ԶһĵӰȰ㸡ֶӨĻ쵶âӵ䵶м䲻ݷķɳնȥ
δоһɳ֮УŻɫĻ˹
ɫһ䣬δת˫͵һʮɫ޽ŴƬɫϼķɳȴûӭ쵶âǺݺݵ˵Ķȥ
õľǱܾ˵Ĵ㣡
ɫ΢䣬˿ҪɫѾˣֻһ㻤â
ǧһ֮ʣ佫л䵶ǰһſڣھѪ絽ϣͬʱͬʱͳ
䵶ʱʢ˿˿ȵħ
ţһʮɳĻ쵶⣬ϢĺδƬɫϼ׷ɢ
أأأ
죬ǰɫ޽쵶һĽ飬Ϊ˵ɫөɢ١
ͬʱ֮ǰɫҲѺݺݵնڻƹɵĻϡ
ɫֹâתͭȻһͣȻû飬Ǹоһɾɽһײ˴ֳź͵ĵ˳ȥ
ûվ壬һĵӰٴιȰ㸡ֶ
ɣĴһסڵĻ䵶ڵķӿ˵֮С
䵶ʱɫ֣һ֮£۳һɳʮɸߵľͳ䵶ɢӨĹâն¡
ɫݣ˿Ϊոյ𵴣޷ۣھδɲǿ϶ɫȻ޷һġ
ڴ˿̨̣Χİɫâ΢΢һһɾˮ͸룬ûڣ֮ˮϢ
֮ͨ󷨽ƣˮ̨ռ֮У֮ˮ⣬ѰħɷϢ޼Ҳ±ϳ
õһ֮ˮҵķ˲ָ˲١
һϲɶ˲סţ۳һ۹棬ٶɸߵľ˷࣬վ
׾޵Ȼ£ɫһֵɫһŤΪֻ׳֣Ȼһס˵ĵĳ׵â
ڴʱͻ
ŵ¶һ˿ıóѵĹЦȻһӣһ
׵âյĺУڵλڹһֳһֻɫ򣬴мһϸ緢˿ĺߣһŵľû޴ü֮С

ɫһ䣬Ȼסͷзһʹ֮ĲҽС
ס׵âɫҲ¶ʹɫ޴ͬˮһӿ漴Ȼѿ
޴ĳ׵âҲ˱ը֮У˺ѿ
ǿԺʹγź浹ȥΧˮ׷׳ھ£ԺеľʹѸٻ⣬ҵѸȶ
ĴʱɫҲЩ԰ףȻոһйҲǲС
ʱۼɫâ֪ΪξȻȹɫһ䣬Ϻţһɫİɸ߷ֶ
˷ϳɫ淭ȻΣͷȷһ޴ףָϳ߳צ
׷һ֣ڣ˹ȥ
ٶȴ磬һ˵ǰ޴צһӣɫâݺݺĻɫ֮ϡ
꣡
Ļɫֿ£˼ƣѿ
ǹͭһһģ֮ɻڡ
ٴſһѪ
ĴϲſһѪɫ׷֮У׷һʢһţɫľ޴п
һ壬ͷ׷ըΪһһ˴Сİɫ飬֪жֻӣ˷ΧۼҪûС
һĽ˵ʵŲƬ̹ѣۿӦ磬ת۱·磬ڵѻȸĵɫҲǴ䡣
ǸͬΪڣ֮ˮȻ˲һת۱㱻ȫѹơ
ۼҪû֮ǰѾ̶ɱҲɸţĵֻۿż
֮ȫ෴Ҽһɫϲкε¶һ˿Ŀˡ
̨ϷĄ֮̊́еоâһ¶һ˿֮ɫ
˷ܵҼǰΪУѾ˵Ҽҵ񣬲þʱƫҼңµռϷ磬ʹ˻ɱþ֮˱㲻ƫ˽ˡ
ڴ˿ַ̨̣֮˱仯
ۿҪûͷѪӿȻһ˿Ȼ֮ɫһָؿСط˼¡
ȻֳŨŨѪɫһţȻһ浤
һ̣һƬƬʵʰɫϼ浤֮ϯһ֮£ϼ纣һ˷ӿȥ˲̨Χڣһɫϼɵ硣
򣡡
ɫһ䣬ſ̫죬ûüӦ㱻С
Ʈӫɫ㣬·ҹеǳһ㣬ЩɫĻЩɫӫ˲ʧȥ˷ڽҳײЩٻ·סһ㡣
ı˫õƣ¶һ˿ã֮ɫ¶ɫâ˸ȻڵֿϮ
תֱ£ӵܾ̲ס෽ɽҲһ¶Ц⡣
Ŀһ漴һƺ뵽ʲô¶һ˿ɫ
ۼ̨ϵΣɫһ䣬üͷ壬촽΢ԵһһŮϴ˵һʲô
Ůɫ΢䣬΢΢ζһ¡


1405 ͷ
ʱ̨֮ϣԭЩ԰׵ϣֳһ˿ĳ죬Ƽ˼֣ȴվȵġ
ü֮۵ĻҰԽŨſ򣬶䱾ͲԪļ
ΧˮȻԴԴϵĻ۹ڣҲֻǱˮн
һ£ǿѹڵƣٴһſڣһѪɫС
˽СͨѪ쾧ӨѪתͣ
ûʹ÷߶ѪɫСѾɢŨѪ֮
ĿѪɫС֮ϣɫһţ漴ſҧ⣬һѪѪɫС֮ϡ
ѪɫСѪţһǴɴСɢѪ֮Ż
ִһѪɫһ콣Х·Ӥһ㣬ŵնȥ
һпƷӣʵϲĹ
Ѫħ
̨µĵɫһ䣬зһƺϳǱѪɫС
ԱߵĵҼŴԣɫҲһ䡣
Ѫħʵǰħ½֮һΪѪ󾳴ܵıħλѪһħǴﵽ˵Ƿ켫ĵزо֮ͨҲֻһ֮ң
λѪջһؾ֮޹ʧ٣ԵͨѪħҲ֪֮٣û뵽ȻС
˵ľѪһѪɫ󽣱˵ͷһ֮£һѪâն
ڴ˿̣йâһƺָһ˿͵һ̧ͷſһȭͷСӲӵԲ飬һ鶯ӵ·
Բɿĵһת漴ȻѿһĿĽɫ绡бɿ컯ΪһŽɫ˵ͷ
һ̣Ѫɫһն˽ɫ֮У¡¡һ죬⣬Ѫâ֯һ
ɫϸȴȻ˿ȻѪɫâնһɫ绡˳ŽȥѪɫâ
ɫ֮ɫһ䣬о
Ҳһʩչֽɫףرܹһħа֮ɫɵó
Ѫħڽɫ֮ͻ·һֻĴ㣬ȻСȴȫѲ
ȻѪħԼΪ˴ѹ׵ɱﵣȻԷһ¿סˡ
Ѫħɫסʱ䣬ȴǳɫһʢ׷ɢĻҲԽԽֳһȦȦħƣ漴¡һ죬ȻΧĽ
·һ㣬Ȼѿ
¶һ˿֮ɫſٴһѪϢѸ֮ήȥ
ɫϲִһ׷ŵٴԾ˵ԣֺȻһѽץС
仯ľƣ̨սĿɿڴҼɫϲһ˵Ⱦһ֮ɫ
ĵӰһ׷ԣһЦ
ɣ
ողʧѪħ֮£־ŭһߣ׷̱Ҫս⽴
Ŀ⿴ɱһλʿ˷̲סɨһ¶Էı顣
ĿϣɫȻһ䣬͵ؿһ£˿ϱ侲һ˿ıóѵĹЦ
ڴʱЦһգ΢Ȼһſһɫ浤
һ˿Ŀâ浤֮Ϸ
ɫȻ䣬Ҳ룬żһ㣬͵ȥ
ͬʱ׷˲սҪֱ⽴
ˣ
۾˲ˣſһѪɫ浤֮Уɫ浤âţһΪģͬһ͵һ
ԭѾѵٴι˳һεֻʮɴС
ĵȴǡֵıУʱоηɳһСξ룬ͣ
εûɢԻǵãĽ֮ǿ˲֪ٱʵû취ڶʱڴĽ
뵽ɫ䡣
̨֮⣬ҼҲգĿѾȻңȻҪϵһԱ
ɫ󼱣һȻ̨ȥԵŮҲ֮һ˳ȥ
θնǰӰһĵǰ棬һ˿ߣٲȻһõļơ
ɫһͣΡ
̨ϿգǺۼ̨еɫҲ΢΢һ䣬γԶȥͬʱһһ׹Ϸɳڿһ֮£Գһ֪ʲôǲƳɵĴɡɢɫ令С
ûͼȥֹԱһû£ͨܣû˿ֹʿɱʽҲûбҪϾֻ˵ҼҵһЩѣðΣΪҼ¡
ʱ̨ϵĵģһͷޣͨĴ߶༰ħ񹥻Χ򣬵ȴ޼¡
ɫ浤ɢ񱩵⣬еķɫȴʧ٣ȡ֮һƬƽָһ㣬һָ⼤ۿҪûҩͰһ浤֮С
ڴ˿̨̣һһɫӰ׵ĸֶ˵۾
һƬɫϼɫӰмֱһ̨֮С
̨Χİɫƹâƺɫϼȫһ㣬˲㱻ͻ˽ȥ
ɫϼһΪһֻɫֱ֣ӷ֮УȻһѽɫ浤С
ָ⼤ײɫ֮ϣʱ˿ûɫ浤
ɫ䣬δʲôӦס浤ɫȻһǿâֳһɫԲӰӣ˲佫浤֮п񱩵ķѹȥ
һ̣ɫӰһѾ̨֮ϣһǿ֮Ļâɢһ㽫һɨա
ľһɺľϣͬ׷ɼķ˳ȥײ̨ĹĻϣſͣ
ɫâһ壬Ҳ˳ȥһַ֣ɳһɫϼ⣬棬˵ϡ
һʷ˲Ϣ֮䣬̨˴˿̲ſ֮˵Ӱһòͨӣ͸Ļɫ顣
˲Ǳˣ
ײ̨Ļ֮ϣ̨Եǿҵ֮һһѪ
һӣ׷࣬η֮ɫĿһۡ
ҼҵҲһ𾪵Ŀ̨ϵӰǷǳҪڸղ£˵ķֿ󾳺ڸ֣ûͨʵǾԲġ
ѵͻȻֵӣһλͨܣ
̨ʱһѻȸûһ˿ڡ
ȴûΧĿϡ
浤ԱȻֹ䱾Ԫ޶ֽ࣬յش˿Ѿ˹ȥ


1406 һж
ųʶӦһüͷ΢΢һ
һһӣһɺڹеɫ浤麣֮ڣͬʱһһһɾķӿڣ˳žתһ飬ҵķƽ
Ȼδѣƺһɫú˲١
ĵ˴Ŀһ󣬴˿̲ŷӦ˹׷׷˹
վ̨Ľǵĸ浤æִſ̨ΧĽ磬ĵ˷ԣһ
ΧҵӸǻ׶һЩΪµĵӸ˷ܵɫǺ죬ǧ˵һ쳹ׯ԰
һֱ̨ϿյĸǺʱվ˵ҼԣһưҲ˼־ɲ
˱ҵļ𣿡Ǻ˵һۣʵ
⡭һ粻ƺ̫ȷ
ҲϤȻôڣҲδû뵽ȷᣬʵɲ⡣
Ǻ֧֧ģЩһ˫С۵һת£ûϱֳ
̨֮ϣһһ֮ĵˣе˵ˣҶɣض񡣡
Ŀתһתɫ΢΢һ䣬һ˳ȥ˵Ҽ֮С
Ŀ⿴˵һۣڵһɨ˫Ŀ΢΢һС
ͺˡվϵɫһɨգ˷ܡ
ҸոջԶԶӦķô£ڴˣĿɨһ۵Ҽڣʵ
ô¡Ƴ˵һۣҼͼıĦƹȣұȶһ·ɿһ顣
Ͳµ˼֣Ŀɫȥвɰŭ
տһεĳֻһ£˵ǰԶĿһ˹ȥͣ˵ϡ
Ҽ˱Ŀһоһие˲
Ҽ˷ع飬ȴ˵λҼҵҪóĦƹȴ˵أ֪д£ƿ˵ţȴǱޱȡ
䣬һɾ˵ƴ𣬾޴ѹ֮ų
ҼԸܵһѹȸϮһһΣ֮˸΢΢
˵ĵҲĦƹǸǼأҲʱ˴˴ֻҪǼͬ⣬ҵҼȻԳ߼ͼλҳ֮󣬾ԱȶĦƹȵĹ£λҳҲǵͷͬġͬһʢ̤ǰһ治ɫĿ˵
Ȼˣ˾Ҳ¶Ϊֻ󾳺ڣ԰˼֣Ϊһ֮ʧ˳ϵӡ
ãȻ˫ԼԼǰôҲô鷳ˣǵҼʣµһɣһҽһսʤΣЦһŵѹ˵һһ̨֮ϡ
ںںһ꣬ħİ£ڽʮɽ˳˶켶ķ
⣬ҹͣΪҲȹϣʮŶɽ飬һѷͨܣҲܹڲ֮أὫҼҵļ˷С
Ļĵȼλɫ΢䣬ıȰ˵䣬ţʲôû˵ڡ
ԣһ㶣ȻɵոʩչʵӵĻҼҽӴȫޣֻаȪһ;ˡ
ȻҪһжȴ֮õġ
Ҳǹ֮ˣԵλŮ֣йһЦĵȻ˫Ȼˣĳ㹧ˣ
һ䣬һأѼһվ̨֮ϡ
ҼλŮʿҲҵϹâһĳڵԡ
Ůʮģٸ磬ͬһۣĸΪˣһ˫ˮ۲
˵̨̨Χ浤дʣд̨ΧİɫĻֿܿ
ĵѴȥ˿Χ̨¶һ˿ɫ
ȻǶʵģڱϾһжȲٱʤ
ڴʱ̨ϴһͺȣ
ȴǵһԲ˫ַһϳɫţܻ۳һȫħƵĿ˷ࡣ
˷Ŀ棬δȵϢ̨֮ĵҲĸоĵƱĵ׻淨
һֱþȫٳ˷Ӱɼ˿ұС֮ġ
ͬʱߴһŮӵĽ壬ٸͷҲֳһŻ쳤۵Ůӷ࣬Ҳ߰ʮɣϸɫ·оһ㡣
һȣ˷ȫƤ˲ڣʾ󣬻ƣ˳ȥ
ٸҲһɫҲһ๥˹
һһңסܵ·Ϊ졣
һϺڹţͷһɿ۳һ߾޴ڷ࣬ڷ֮ϣǿķмһ˷ɢȥ
ɫƣǰֻ࣬޴һһȻĳ֮Ϸڹ⣬ֱ˷˶߷ࡣ
̨֮Ͽռޣ߷һ;޴󣬲ûжŲתƵĿռ䡣
ͺٸһ߻淨ţҲͬһ
һһȦȻײһʹ̨һζһ¡
һ̣ڳ֮ĿɿڴһĻˣ
ֻ䡱죬ҼҶ˵߻淨ײ㣬Ȼ˳ȥײ̨Ļ֮ϣùĻһҲ
Ǻͺٸɫһ䣬ĺɫȴֻ΢΢һΣ¡
Ҽҵ湦ҲˡһЦһӣɫ̷˶˵˶
ɫһдʣ˷һգкۣ۳һ·ĳɫ޸ĺɫ߸նȥ
ͬʱٸĳ׷ҲһϼƵĳ޽һ͹ɡ
߷ֱֳУʱӲ٣ͺɫڰռս֮ǰĽѵС֮£Ҳ·硣
ڴʱ׹һηɳȥһ㵽ǰ
âһ֮жһĳɫǹǹð߳ĳɫâ
һģȻΪ˰˸һģһӰжһ˳ɫǹ
һƿ˸ֱһһɫǹӰ㼤
ÿһɫǹӰʮɴСͨ屻ȵĻţл͸̶ƿ֮ݺݵӿȥ


1407 ɱ
һߣٸۼ˳ȥҲһ
ͷųһĻ֣Ȼ˫֮иһ˸Ĺţſдһɫϸ˿ɫļȥ
һЦ˿δɫ׹һһɫεĺɫֶٿһ£ΪһɫۣϣǼɴ
ɴ۵һ󶴣޲ˡ
ɫ۱渡ֳ׵ģΪһɫ绡·һһ㣬߲ƾˡ
ڵٸִ֮ʣ˫һչɫϵɫ绡׷壬ɫ绡ĳΧ
֮ϣһƾ˵ĳɫǹӰһɫ绡̷׷ױѿΪ𻨵Ʈ㡣
ļ绡һ֣ɢֻбһѵŲŵȥ
ٸ˿ǲһɫ绡̴ѣɫâ˿˲˺ٸϡ
ٸзһҽУϺâɢȫ½һƬһԵ̨֮ϣһ˻ԡ
רſħٸΪڣֵܹҲҿ飬ոճأٸѾˡ
ٸ֮󣬰֮еĳŮӷҲ֮ɢɫ˷һ֣̽ĳ׷Ƶˡ
ɫѿով֮Ҳеĳɫǹ˹ȥ
ΪԶںٸеĳɫǹҲһķǹ̸ֵĻĵסɫ绡Ϯ
ˣһ׺׵֮Ѫһڣ伱ˣ³δرȺٸ϶١
кȻѼβͣʮ֮⡣
̨Χۼδ㽫ٸˣʱĻ
ĺһɫȴѿ֮֮䣬һ˿η塣
ǺվڵĶԣۼ˾һ˫С֮йâɫŲΣԶ˶һ㡣
ĿѾԵĺٸϿһۣɫһһףȻɫǹ˳ȥ
ǹ֮ȼһȼյĻ棬̿ͳɬһƴħɢ
ţӵзɳ˳׳ǹ֮ϡ
ɫǹţȻΪһʮɳĻȫƴƬǣʵʵʰ㣬ͷ߸һǣһ˫Ŀ֮ҡͷβɢ˵Ϣ
Ŀһɫ΢üһ˿ɱֶ
ڴ˿̣ͻȻֲָһѪէ֣Ȼնָ
һ˦ףһָһǿϢ̱Ȼٴ󱶣ĳɫ֮ϸֳһ˿Ѫ⡣
һ󣬻ͷβһڣ˹ȥ޴צȻץ¡
һţ֮иֶһɫâ
һ죬ֱ۴ϸɫ绡һ֮£۳Сɫ׵һ֮£ͬʱڻϡ
зһʹ˻ϵۼϺȻնֳĵۣѪӵ
ף
Ŀһ¶һ˿֮ɫרſħľףȻãֻһƤ˶ѡ
˻һһצһʮצâڰ³Ľۣץȥ
һأ˳ź浹ȥоյ˳צâ
һδУŭһһȥ
ɫһһӣ͸ԲĻɫӴз˳ȥȴŶɽ顣
ɽһڿУͳ֮ƵƬɫϼϯתۼͳ̨еĿռ䣬۳һƬɫ
˲Ҳɫ֣ɫϼ⣬ϡ
һͣ˻Ӵȴû˿ô
ͬɫϼ֮Уֻһɾ޴ϣϷ·ѹһɽ㣬һָͷҪѾţ֮ɫ䡣
Σڳһ˿֮ɫִĸںڵԲƾճǰڹһһͬ˲ưڵֽ֮ϡ
ֽһĸɫԲƤ֮УҵʹͬʱڵķĹɹӲҲ޷ɵһ̨֮ϡ
ڴ˿̣һɫâڵͷ­֮ϡ
ءһ죡
Դ̱ѿͷʬ·һľͷ㣬˵ϣ鴤˼º󣬱һˡ
û˷֧֣ʱ»Ϊ˳ɫǹѵһ̨֮ϡ
һٻ˺ɫ࣬ͬʱһӣɫɢɽһ֮󣬷С
ڵֽϵöħҲһɻС
ղź͵һȻƸӣʵϻʱ䲢̫ǰ󲻹߰˸Ĺѡ
̨֮ϺָܿƽֻеͷʬͻԲѵĺٸ̨֮ϡ
̨ҵƬ̣̱컶
̨ܵӴ˿̲ſӦһæҹ̨ΧİɫĻһɢ
ĺǸæ̨֮ϣĲ鿴һµѾȫûһ˿ϢҲûӳһơ
ӷ˺ٸٸֻ˻ԣްʱ˿
㡭㾹һɱҵҼҼվĿ⿴ȵ
Ŷ֮ǰԼĲǱȶΪβɱһЦĿ⿴˵ġ
ǵƽݣ˿ȴһ
ǵҼҾҵҰٲɱһЧȣ˻ΪҺ۸ˡĿһУɢһ˿֮ɱ⡣
ʵոѾᣬ֪ѶˣҲ´ɱˡ
ɫһոΪ֮һʱŭӿ˿̲侲вһֺȻ
ɱ޵ĻĲ֮ϣɫһףʱ˵ʲôˡ
Цһת׿˲ԶǸӡ
αȶĲаɣ˿̱ȶѾˣǷӦˣ˵
Ǻɫһף̷Ӧ˹һ˴Һ͵ҼҵıȶһʤԼӴԺ󣬵ҼҲٴĦƹȵ⡣
ԣߺ޵һַۣһɺ⣬ס˵ʬǸ˳ɫǹ˻ΪһɺâĦƹ֮ɶݶȥ
ǸӼˣæԲѵĺٸ̻Ϊһɫݹȥ뿪Ħƹȡ
±ҵɣ¸ǺնдţȻѾҲˡǺЦһһȭתҲҪ뿪
ǵĿһͻȻԽס˸Ǻ
к£Ǻɫ΢䣬תϼһ˿Цݵ˵


1408 Դϲ
Ҹ˵⴦ĦƹǴǸǼģޱ˵
ˣڵҼҼѷ⴦ĦƹȣڿԻһħԺԲõκ˸ŹˡǺЩֺõ˵
ʵǿոֶնɱѾ󾳺ħˣֶονϵҶʵǺŵĲᣬȻôڻǺϿ뿪Ħƹط
Ŵ˻ȴûд𻰣΢һһȡһɫơ
⡭ĪǡʳơдǺһеɫϵľƻգɫһ˰󣬲ŽͰ͵˵
ȻڵĸǼҲĴԺգϾΪħˣʶеġ
Ͳùˡʳ壬⴦ĦƹȣǸǼҿ飿һƣ㽫еʵ
⡭ûУȻֳʳƣԻὫʵġǺηĿһۣ˵
Ȼӵʳĳƣǿʳĺĳϲӵ֮ڸǺУʵǿᣬҲ˷
ˣ߰ɡ˵ͷ
ǺٴһæһתΪһ׹⳯ȥתۼʧԶ
ŸǺӰʧҰ֮УջĿ⡣
˴˿һĿɿڴĿģ෽ҲЩſڽƺһİһ㡣
ǸʲôĳǲϵˡһЦ˵
һȻعĹһ־ϲ˵ֶͨͨ죬İݷ֮
෽ɽΧҵҲһ񣬿̲ѡ
һЦ˰֡
ҾͶ֮ǿУ̨Χۼҵһ쳣˷ܡ
ʱҲת˹֪׻˵Ҽң֮࣬иǸпǧ
ҵ̸˼󣬱ĵ˵ͬ£˹еҴ
ϣҸǴϯڹеǧӼüһãΪ֮׵ʤҲΪӭĻع顣
ϯ˵⣬λϤƵ˸߳
ҹĦƹһƫ֮⡣
ģ෽ɽ˾վڵ⣬Ŀвʱһ˿ǣյĵţƺڵʲôϢ
ʱ󣬵Ż򿪡
֮ǰֶվɫЩ԰׵ϡ
ĵ˼״ɫһϲæƫ֮С
ɫв԰׵ɫһ࣬һл֮
һ̧һ֮һУվ
ϲˣΪ˼壬ܲЩҩֵһᡣǱΪ峤ȴ⣬ŵµҼ֮ʧְ̾˿˵
𣬴˷նɱ˵Ŵ²գɽպٵˡĿ˵
෽Ҳ׷׸͡
ҡҡ֣ĿϣʵϣȻʹöԪʱסƣ˷˼Դǵҩ֮֮ܳҪϸĵǡ
л峤ģЩҳݣĵӦþͿԿˣ˵ͷȻһЦ
˵ķƵȴһ̾
ոΪ֮ʱѾע⵽ϵĴ˶صİˣܽһָƣͨϣҲ׶Ͼˡ
ĵҲ֮ɫ
Ǻǣҵƣλؽ黳Ǵ֮ˣ峤ЩľǳȤһЦߵԼλ£µĽ
ǰҲǳ棡ԼĹͷЦǺǵĵرܿ˸ղеصĻ⡣
෽ɽûиое΢ȷʵĻȤһתͷ˸²Ĺâ
Ŀɫһ¶׷ɫؽ⼸꾭ħԨþ֮Ҳϼ˵ˣһЩȽв֣Ȼ
˵ħԨؾȫˣɫȴһ
Ϊһ֮ȻԨ˲٣һЩҰʷ֮е֪йħԨؾ֮£ħ½һεĴͬһһĵط
Ȼ˳϶ջ뵽ϲɶ˼ֺ֮ɫ
ĵȴǶħԨؾδţڶ˽˼䣬϶ʱҲ¶˷֮ɫ
˴ħԨ֮УȷʵЩջ񣬶ԺķչҲ档ڳϵɫβ֪룬һЦĿڵ
˵꣬ҲδʣһһƬɫϼϯ
ŴĵһһɫɫĲϣһӵ鶯Ϣʱ
ЩУݣʯҩУɢӨâ
⡭վŵϵЩϣһſڽ࣬¶֮ɫ
Ƭ֮󣬼λָ˹ЩŵļæЩϣҲ̲סԶˡ
ϸϸһ鿴Ͼϲ֮ɫ¶ɡ
ЩһǸƷЩϸǴ˵в֮ħ½ÿһǼֵǡ
һʱ֮е񣬲˵Щϵãǽ䷷ȥħҲǧˡ
˻ع󣬿Ŀ⣬˸м⣬˾һϵԼȵģҲ̲ס
˵Ŀ⣬һЦЩȻ쳣ԣȴûʲôˡ
ЩƲڱ֮ʱһЩͷˡ⣬Ժʲп̿ĵӣҲǡƹŰɡ˻֣˵
ĵͬʱʩһȻʩչͨһâϵЩϷű
лϲЩϣҰ֮ڣʵֹܷ
Ŀֲʵһͻͨ磬ǿһٳԽǼңΪɽİҲǲ֮¡
λΪľϲҪʱٴ𣺡Щ⣬ħԨؾҲɱ˼ħˣһЩ;֮Ҳûʲôãʹ͸ǣЩ֧ҵļνˡ
ĵŴԣɫٴδϲ
ĳϣӦñȽʺʹá
˵ţйâһһƵĳǹУһʵʵǿѹķɢĵ˴벻£Ϊ֮һϡ
۽ضгǹֻǹħ֣ǹ⴦ʱе㾧â쳣̡
ָǹϷ⼸Ͼ֮࣬ħħ𣬼ϣƶɵһرħսǹ֮¡


1409 ͵
ɫȻǺ죬֮ƺҲѹסеļ֮顣
΢΢һЦֽɫǹݸġ
ǹУʱһ䣬һɽڶ취ǿϢݵϡ
Ȼûɫǹκħ֮ϡ
лͣĽǹǿ԰סе˷֮飬һ
һЦҡҡַ֣ȡһ淽ͭɢӨ׹⣬һ֪Ǽѵõı
ɫžǵħԨھŲ㣬ֵǧӱʮöħǼ֮ǿҲΪȡ
෽ɽۼıɫǹĽѣ˿ۼȡһæ˹ȥڴɫ
ɫ糣Լ壬ԼħʲôĲ֮˵ѾҪˡ
෽˾濴ƽƽ棬ʵڲһĻ͸ˡĿ⿴෽ͭ˹ȥ
л෽ϲɽĽĿ˫ֽӹͭӦͭɢĴæл
ţͳһԺɫ׶ݸɽֱҲǷͬСɣħ֮δ˼˱
Զ׶һ֮ͨʹ͸ʹˡ˵
Ŵ˻෽ɫһ䣬һۣħԨؾеľ˼ֺ档
˵Ȼ赭д˶ԴһѪȷ硣
Ŀ⸴ӵ˵ϣһЩҩҲ֮ҩӦ
˵ţȡ˼ƿݸ
ҩƷɫһϲæӹƿ
εһɫƿӵƿһŨҩƿ֮ʱһöɫĵҩָڴС˸ƿ·һ㡣
ԪЩȵ
Ϻ͵Ŀһۣ˵
ԪϽԪƶɣʱһöһֱ
ҩȻֵ󣬵ԣȴûжô͸ӦܹΪꡣ
ϾΪļ龡ǣΣͷԸԱ浤ҲҪַͬھΪ
Ƶ£ԪϳٵԵʣ֮˷ΪŽᣬһ¶⣬ڶթħ½ҲǼΪѵõġ
ʱѽƿеĵҩһ飬ҲһЩ̱Ԫҩ϶ʱ¶˼ֻϲ֮ɫЩҩպãл˼䡣
֮ϣĿЩ˸
ʵħԨдĳЩ⣬ЩϹŵ伮ǱЩϡöˡ
óһ©˷¾ʳҲᶢҪؿǡ
ĵۼ£ʶȤһһǰǣȥ
һᣬվһǰִӡһâ󣬲Ż򿪣ȻһƧСͻ԰
õ֮ĵΪ佨ס
Ժ֮ħŨϿղ󷨽ƣϻ԰ˮ̨ͤ¥ľ͸żֵš
ڴ˴תһȦ˴䱸ңҵһõĳһСҩԣĵ˽˴ʱʵ˲˼
˵ͷһװΪµĸ¥ǰľס֮Ҳ֮ء
Ų¥һУָɫâڸſһɫ硣
ЩϥĿ
Ƭ֮Ȼ۾һӣһҫ۵Ļɫ⻪һ֮⻪٣ʮ͸ԲɫΧ˳ԼԿÿһӱ涼ֳɫƻա
ϸСɫϼΧƻɫӲͣתһɹǿķɽϴ˳
ʯͶˮа㣬ˡ죬·ҿռ䶼
ڴʱϺڹһħİħڸֶڰա
ħһۣûʲôӦٿʮɽ飬ƺڸӦʲô
ħ˿̿ȥɫѻָĿ⿴ܵʮɽ飬йâ˸
һɽ鷨ȻƷʷǷÿһŶƷ취ʮһҵĻ챮֮ˣħЩп̾
ħһۣ΢΢һдʣִһʮɽһתɻУʧ١
»Ҫл㣬Ҫļַ¾ϺĹ⣬һͲˡ¶һ˿䣬е˵
˼صںں꣬ɽļ֮ѣ˵Ԥϡ
֮Уħ콫ħԨõ֮еõЩڤ֮ˮĵһɶ
ħԨеõЩ취кĺɫսǹǼսףֽ⣬Ϳϵļҵײϣǿʮɽ龡ɡ
һжֵõģʮɽ龡ɶ취˺ܶãرʮͬʱʹã֮󣬱ħҲΪ֮̾ѡ
ջɽ飬룬һһ֧ƾո֡
ֳһи̵һöɫҩ
˵ѣƣ滹һɫСˡ
öҩǱĶħõһͨǣƶɵħԪ
źеĵҩĿ΢΢һ
ħ֮ǰԼħԪΪ׼ĵҩѾɹףħԪòˡ
ѾȹڵΪħԪպ󣬵ͨʱٷãҲһٽáħ쿪˵
˻棿ʱһЩϲʵ
ǵȻħԪͨܵĺƶɵģ̺˼ط֮ȻܹԽͨЩҲΪޣһҵĻɡħһ£˵
ŴԣжʱеʧֻһɵĻᣬħԪҲǼΪ֮֮
ħüͷһ壬ƺ뵽ʲôͻȻʵ볯ֻˣ㵽ʱ׼Σ
üͷһ壬ԺиǧӱգʹŮҲֻ֮ദʱҲȣͿ䷢˼֮ס
ͬʱҶüŮӰҲͷвɵ̾һ
κŻع૵йش£ֻǰˡ
Ҳá
ħĻشоһ˵һ䣬ͬʱһ˿׾ϲɫ˲û
漴ԹԵƮһԣ˫Ŀһգд
Χħ׷׳˹ȥγһħС
Դ˾޶ãԴħħ֮󣬱ѾܹΧħˡ
ջĿһȫʮöɫԲ˳ȴʮöħ
з仯ʮöԲڰһȦȦӰСǧȵǧӱٿ֮ʱҪ첻ٵӡ


1410 
ħʹеħһңħе۾
ֻһۣջĿ⣬֮С
ħ쾲֮ʱҼǿƹһжɻܵҼǿߣԷɱϢɽĸзɿ
ɽ֮һֱΪ͵һЩȻ֪ҴڣûмҶסĦƹ⴦أͼ죬ǵҼҵ³ȴЩͷΪ֮һ壬ûȥóȻȥҡ
ͬʱһҿʼ̽ҵ飬ĵϸ
һս󣬱㿪˷ȽƣеӱŲøЩûдϢЩʧ

ɽ͸Ũħɼһɫ޷岢мߵɽԴΡ룬һͨ㡣
ԶԶȥɿɽһΰĸߴɽѶϣֱ塣
˴ɽһңǼҵڡ
˿̣мɫ޷֮һĴ֮УǺ泯ĵϥڵأе˵ʲô
ڴǰĸϣһòĺߣȻΣȴأɢصѹ
Ǽҵ춥ͨǷɺ衣
˵ʳĳƣǷɺɫһ䣬ѿڶ˵
ǣǻ¼˵ʱĳ뿴ǺæСװ㣬ּһ͸Բִһ
Բ֮ϼһââһĸֳһֳɫƵĻ档
һ֣Բһ䣬ֳֳʱͼ
ĿŻ棬еɫ´顣
ˣȷʵǻʸҵƣħĴ֮һĻʸǳϵƣôУü
Ǻˣвһɡ
ĦƹǸǼϽĵ֮ѵļط֮ǰǼұ˫ȶһʤ̧߼۸񽫴˵س۵뷨
ֻΪηͬʱΪͻȻֵƣûʮֵĻ˱ѡ
µľõǼٵģԼǰװ״ѵʱȷĻʸҳƣûʲôʧˡ
ȻóʳƣҲûа취㽫ĦƹתøǸҰɡ߳Ƭ̣˵
ǼȻɽνĵһңǺʳȣȴͬϰĴڣȻΥʳµ
ʳڱأȻӦĲ
ǣԸȥ졣ǺӦһҪȥ
һ¡ߺȻס˸Ǻ
棬кηԸǺһʵ
ʸΪʳ֮һһ͵ײħʹȻлʸǵƣʵЩ֡취ȥ̽һʳĹϵ˵Ը
ĦƹȵȻֻʮ͸ǼҵĹȣţһëݸǺԣʵʵڲСʳĳƣòúߴΪɵ
Ǻһ࣬ͷϻ̴Ӧ

Ħƹ֮С
ʱѾ߰չ⾰
һɨ֮ǰǷ˿ѾȫһµħԨؾϣĵ֣֮ѾʼãҲֳɫϡ
֪Щ϶ҵӶĹֲɼһ㣬̸֮䣬Ƴ籸
һգ뿪ԼͥԺ´ټĵ˹
Ѿչ⣬ĵ󾳳Ϻܿ˴֮С
ټλΪ˶ԺķչһЩ뷨Ҫλһ¡ûзϻżɽ˵
ҵȽԸ˶ȭһ˵
λ⼸յľٶҲУλԴеĳɫӣһЩѾʼ档ҿ޳ЩԴַеӣҲһ£»̳еӵ˼˰֣ɫһ˵
Ŵԣɫ΢΢һ䣬һᣬ˵ͷ
ԴΪƶ񤣬⻼϶࣬Ϊ棬޵ԴһЩгɫȻ޿ɺǡ
һӸԣȱԴĺƶȣ֮ǰķʽ䣬ڼ巢չӵĲ
˿ʱж̣Уʶûֳ̱ˡ
ȴ֪ʲôõİ취Ķȭʵ
һЦȡһöָһǰ
һ˹ʶ棬κɫ΢΢һ䡣
С֮Ľʶ˳ݸԵɽϣ¶˼ɫ
ɽϽӹʶһ̽Ҳ¶һ˿ȡ
ܿ죬ڳ˶ϵһ顣
λ˵ķǷУĿһʵ
֮ϣ⼸ղο̫ŵŹƶȣ˸ؾһϵƶȵԤ룬ȻԴϻԺĵбͬݶеĹ׶Ƚз䡣
ʵԣ½ħ½ļ壬Ĵ½嶼ѷɫĻħ½Ĵ½ȴԶԶˣһϣ½Ĵ̫ڿƿģ
ЩϽƶȣܹʹҸӺԴܽħԨõЩϹŵ伮űؾУΪá
ҾüЩǳһԴͬʱҲܹеӵĻԣһãЩ˷ܵ˵
෽ɽҲǷ׷׵ͷĿгƳ硣
ΪĴ̫ڵ̫ţǧƶȣȻϽޱȣһ֪ˡ
ЩҽһЩƶģʽλʺұáǺһЦ
ЩУáԥһ£˵
ЩֻҵĴԤ룬ͱש뷨ϸڷ棬оĽƶȣҪλһġ˵ͷ
̫űϾΪţͬ½ر֮ЩƶȻҪҲټ˵Ŀġ
ңȻϤˡ
˼գڼټ˲浤ѯ󣬴µһЩƶȲŻȷ
պ
ã㶨ɡ´֮Уе򣬵˵ͷ˵
˿棬෽ɽȴڴ˴
õġձ֪ͨӵܣЩƶȹ᳹ʵʩվ˵
һʱ෽ɽѾʼĦƹнؾȵط
ƣЩԴ̣ӦƶȣֻҪаʱ䷢չҶȻܹɽչ׳ҲΪħ½֮


1411 
ڴ˿̣һҵ߽ңңĳһ񣬿˵ǼҳϸǺǰݷã˵ҪҼ˿ڹȺ򡣡
üͷһ壬漴Ըɡ
ҵӴӦһתɶݶȥ
Ǻ˿ʲôߣͷĿ֮ǰֺ͵ҼҹҪĦƹȣڼʶʵģСоĺһм˵
ǺƷǲôӦǷ˸ǼλķԸĦƹ͸ǵġνֲˣȿ˵һЦ˵
̸ĹݹԶ˴֮ǰǸǺǸҵӡ
¸Ǻ߶ˡǺһ̤ڣԶԶĴкΪ顣
ԭǸǵԶɡվһ漴ʾǺ¡
֪ǵѴ˷ǰΪ£䵭ʵ
Ǻۼĵ̬ȣ֪ΪҼҵԵĴԹߣҲļˣϷΪ¶һ˿Ц⣬ͬϷһȡһöɫƣǺǣĳǰձһЩ֪νĶͽƻ󣬶ðλϼ¡´˴һǵôǷ֮Ħƹתҡ
״һУһЮŸǺеƻصУʶ΢һɨһĶĦƹȵĵͼʳԼƾ֤
ǿ˷͸ǵһˡ΢΢һЦ˵
Ϊ߰£ѡҸǼǸǼҵĸ֣ӦõģӦõġԺʲôҪ󣬸ǼұȻȫϡǺһЦ˵
Ŀ΢һ˿ơ
ǺԣȻ̽Լ˼
Ǻע⵽仯һǼЩ飬ֻӲͷƤȥ
ӽʼҲ˵ɽ仧ԺҵȻҪ߶ǺЦ˼˵ЩϵĻ˹ȥ
Ҳոɽţܹ͸ǼᲢۡɫ˵
ô˵ɽ仧٣ͨʥ㷺ҸǼ汾ҪԵŰݷõģΪһͨչأûǰźصҴΪǸǺ΢΢һЦ˵
̫ˣӦĳǰȥݻǡüͷһ壬漴չһЦ˵
˫ƤЦⲻЦ˼䣬ǺòĴ˼ʳĹϵһ˫С۸ǲϴ仯նɱ龰£ɵ֮£Ҳҹ׷ʡ
˫Ƭ֮󣬸ǺۼɫƣʶȤ˸ɣ뿪ˡ
ҿǼȻĦƹתøǣҲûаʲôģǺոһֱòĴ̽ʳĹϵǲɲǺһߣ˵
Ǽɽư꣬ȻǷǵİλ̽һǵʵҲǺ飬شС֡ɫȻ˵
ǣĴӦһĿһתϲɵ¶Щɫ
ôҲ̽һҺʳĹϵ𣿡΢΢һЦ˵
²ҡĿƽ͵Цݣ֪ôһݣæһ
ʳĹϵʮֺ棬˵ȻҲҶʡ
ҺʳĹϵպлԻ˵Ժв֪ΪΣǧӱٻӰ̾˿˵
æ˵ͷ漴ԥһ£ֿʵӦô죿
ü֮еĵٳȥ߶ΧһЩҲҪȻԴԣʵԽΪϢһʱ˵Ƭ̣˵
ǣĴӦһ

ԴҴӸǼĦƹ֮󣬱Խ͵ΧҲûж
ΧһЩҵŰݷãҲֻɼҳϽӴĪҼȴڹ¶棬ͨӶѵüݡ
ʱţʼձſޣҲûʲôŵļΧҽҲͶʧȥȤ
ǼȻһֱйעңΪɵʳĹϵûʲôΪ
ңħʳ֮ڽǼҲϾ֮¡
תۼ䣬ʱһα
ʱգҴ⿴ȥûжٱ仯ڵȴѷ˷츲صı仯
Ҳ̫ŵƶȣһдľиؾȵȡ
ħԨдϹŵ伮ҲĻĿ˳׳̶ȡüǿűķвؾи򣬹ӵͨ׵
ֻǵĵȼпЩ伮֮е𾪳̶ȴԸˡ
Щ󷨵伮ȵȣ޲ƥ̾Ϊֹ
Դ֮Ϊ˾̾ĳ˶λļ羴⣬Ҳûж롣
ЩϹŵ伮ڶ̶ʱڣһǱʵʦʦʦȻǳžϾշ
ħԨؾĴ֮ټһЩҩҲǵʵȻʱ϶̣ûµ󾳼浤ħ˳֣ԭƿˣȴвƿɶͻƿ
ⷬ棬ĵܲѣ˷չȥ꣬ұضܹɽո¶ͷǣѹǼңҲʲô¡
ʱһȥʱ볯ħʵԽԽ
ʳĹ涨ʳ֮еκңڳ֮նǰʳǣħʣμӼ롣
ȻĴ֮һҷѣεĳܶٻһЩ仯
ô˵ɽһЩΪ˴£׼
ڽ׳֮Ķ٣ʳ޹涨
ҲġⲢǵĳħʵ䣬ҲԳô˻ᣬʾʵͬʱύһЩ
ۺĵԭﱸһЩ䱦ڳ֮һˣҵͷΪԸ͵£ա
´֮УλϾۼڴˣ鳯֮¡
˿̾볯ֻ࣬ȪݾʳڵȻԶҲ뾡ˡ
һγΪȻԴǰȥǾʹڣǱɡĿйâһ˵
ħʴ˵ĳƽһ·ºܶ࣬Ǵһаɡһ˸ᣬЩż̹Ȱ
෽ɽҲæȰ˵
ɽƽʵӿǻеĺá˵꣬͵˵
ͣҵȱؽغҡۼ̬ȼļҲֻôӦ
ͬʱҵĹ׼׵һʮɳľɫͣ´ǰʯ㳡֮ϣԱվʮͬеҵӣÿ϶˷ɣһװģ


1412 ԰
ʱĵ˵֮ͬ£߳˴㳡۷
˿ֵ峿
ݼʮҵӼæɫһ࣬һ
΢΢һЦЩӻ˻֣
ʮ˴󲿷ֶ浤ΪΪߵվǰ棬һòӣΪѾ浤ڴԲľ硣
ɣĿһۣ˵һ䡣
ĵ˽ΪеһӣҲż֣֮ǰԶоӵϢʶд˲²⡣
𣬰ݼƺûϵҲ֪֣ɫЩֹһ
ƽյ͵߶Ȼҵ޲񣬵Ǽȴ١
ؾʱˣ߰ɡ΢΢һЦ˷ۣ˼æϡ
Ԥף˳ĵ˹һ
пЦǰʳǣϣԼ֪
κ󣬷۷ɫâһֺɫ磬Զȥ

ûһ·ϵ£뿪Ħƹûã㽫۵ƿȨֱӽͽۺ߲һ侫´֮УձŲˡ
һ·ϾУҲûʲô⣬ֻżһЩ;ĳǳ֮ͣ
Խٽݣ;ǳԽܼҴȺӣɫҴңЩ϶붼ŸĻƣʮа˾Ҳȥʳǵġ
ЩȻҷռ֮أ˵ʳռžԵϷ磬صҲ˽ôȻΪһγȥʳ
γȻûйȥ֣Ҳǰеʢ¡
˴¹ȥҵķһ·µݵľڡ
֮·ĳȻˡ
ʱҲû˼ſޣǴʱ䶼վڴͷĿ
˵ݲʳĴӪħʮݿΪݿǳؼ࣬ÿǧܹһǡ
峤Ӧÿ쵽˰ɣ˿̹վ󣬵ʵ
Ŀ򣬲ÿɷص˵ͷȴû˵
ڼеͽӵУΪأټ˸оΪ࣬һʼѡϸһ𳯹º
һ·ͲԼʱʱضϵָһ
Ϊ۽磬ָһȻ
ȻηҲһ˿Ľ֮顣
ҷ۸ܿһЩ͵ķзͬУȻǸصĳ顣
ء
һͳ֮Ӻ洫
ɫһתź󷽿ȥֻѪƷ䣬һѪɫľͷңңƷɳۡ
ҷɳһ˸Ѫɫ죬ԸһĴ֣ӯһѪƱһҷͬʱǰɳԶ
ֻʮĹѪɫ۱㳬ҵСͷۣɵǰ
ǷϵģĪǡĿ⿴ǰѪɫ۵Ĵ죬һѪɫȸͼƣʧʵ
ӦǿҵĹ顣΢΢ף˵
һĴλĵطҪӵĴڡ
ûʲôСֵģȹЩӣħҲܼˡΪ˵
ǡһݣæӦһ
ԶȥĿҾۣĿЩ˸֪Щʲô
ֹ߰գһ˴˴г̵Ŀĵأλλõʳǰ
ԶԶȥʳɽˮư磬ռ֮㣬ߴĳǽһһ㣬̻֮ػʳǡ
˾㼣̤죬ιģᴩĵĿⶼ˿ɫ𺳲ˡ
ҵӸǿ۾ֱˡ
ʳռ֮㣬֮ΰҵ򱶲ֹֺ긻һǳؿɱȡ
ʳǵı࣬һɸߵɫɽ壬ǧ֮ң࣬بĻǺӡ
Ψгǳ棬Ŵ󿪣ǧĿ֮ÿʮಽлʳվڡ
ʳǣ滷ˮһ滷ɽΨϲͨЩʳǳ֮ˣȻҲֻܴϲ롣
һʳǣز׹ֿνѡ
һ˴˿İУ˲ſɽǳؾС
ǳسΧĳǽǳ֮ھȻػγǽʳǷָ
ΪҲʳ˿ܶĵطԼɼ֯һַʢ
ڶĸȴǸͨħ½ĽͳǳСϲ٣ΧǶĽȴѰ̾ʮ౶ɢĸۡڲΧһȦÿۡ۴ʾ˷ǷλȻڲʳһ㸻ûʣҲһҴɱȵˡ
ڲȻǻʳڣҲǵħʻʸӺڵħʹˡ
ħʹռǧһƵľͽۣʮ֮࣬Χ֮ƣʹЩ֣ء
ЩĸȫΧһƬƬ¥̨¥һ䰤һҲ֪ж
ڵˡ˫Ŀ΢УԶΰʳƬ̣˵
кȻǧӱϲľɫݣžĲ΢΢һ
ЩҸطס°ɡһЩĿɿڴʵ˵
϶Ȼһ죬ڨڨһЦ飬Ȼӡ
ԼԦ֮£ھʳʮһյϽ䡣
˷˵ϣۺܿСС
һ˷Ƭ̺ϳ֮ǰ
˴Ȼֻһǵͨȴ࣬ʮÿһһЩɫ׵Ļʳ顣
ˣÿһȻһӡ
ӷװ˿ڴŶӵȴǵģ඼ǸسħʵҶ顣
䳤ǽǵٶȴҲûлѶʱ䣬ֵһˡ
Ҳǰμħʱµĳģһݵļ壬ɡһ浤ΪĻͷĿĿһˣ󾳵Ϊ˿û¶ʲôηɫʵ
Ҳѹ֣ÿһǰμӳңֻҪʵǺ󾳳ϴӣͨԴӣþˣȻҲˡ
ҵȪɽҵˡ΢΢һЦû˵ʲôʾҵļĦƹȵĻʳ
ŶԭȪݵңɡճаţǵסڵڶ԰֮Уͨơƣǰ԰Ի˸ǰס֮ĳˡͳųʶϸ󣬵˵ͷ漴ȡһɫƣͬʱٷɿ˵
һλͳֻ˵ˣƵĻ⼸ղ֪˵˶ٱˡ


1413 ס
ԽӹɫƣֻҲûֻһЩķġ
ƹ䣬ͳٴͬܿ죺ˣڳڼ䣬ʳ֮нʵʩȫϣϽκ˶£Υץ⣬ǳеһЩעǺúÿʳصأĪҪ˸ٳ
˵ţȡһɫ򣬵ݸ
üһӹлһ󣬱˳ֱĽʳǡ
ſڵչǰģһ֮Ľֵͨ˷ֵȻһҼҵĵ̽
еĽɫΪ͸ĸо֮⣬ѰǳҲû̫
ûڴ˴ֱ˳Զϡɼĵڶǽȥ
ǵסӦñǶ³ǽĵڶ֮С
ĿΧķֵƺΪҪȥһֻǰڴˣΡ
볯գȵǴ԰ס£֮еʱȥиһߵġƺ˼Ŀ˵
лɫһϲл˵
ʳǺųħ½һǳأ½УжȻǲݵȵصĳǳܱȵġ
˵ˣԼ㰲źס󣬺úùһʳǡ
ţ漴ȡǿɫʶ̽У۾΢΢һ
֮УʼĵطһЩע⣬󻹸һϸĵͼʳǵĵͼ潫ʳ֮еĸҪֵǵ
˼ۣܿҵ԰ڡ
ĵȫЩˣ⸱ͼŵĻʳжͷˡ
ΧĳǽڶǽųеĴ˺ܿ˵ڶǽ֮¡
˴ĳǽ֮ǰһҲлʳأǵĳʮɸߣǰĴ֮˵ȴȺ
ڳԱߣһȲĳţĳţȻҲлǶڳǵˣֻǴҴһƳûʲô̲顣
ڴŶӵ˱ȵһǽ˺ܶ࣬ǳȺӣаˣٵҲʮˡ
һֻʮˣΪۡ
Ҳ⣬˶档
ǰһ۷εĶ飬Ŀһɨɫ΢΢һ䡣
νԩ·խǰĲǱˣǵҼҡ
ҼҴ˴γ֮еҶ࣬߰ʮˣӵĺȻǵĺǸһĺٸ
Ҽ֮˺ܿҲһУɫһ䡣
ĺͺٸһ˿ļɵɫЩ̫Ȼ˴ʳ֮УϽ˽ǵҲ֡
⡭ߵԣ˵
ǡ˵һ䡣
ӦһĿ˵Ҽһۣ㲻ˡ
ĿڵĵҼң˿ȤҲûУֽѵȤ᲻
ǵٶȺܿ죬һ֮󣬵ҼҲǵҴҵ߽ţܿʧӰ١
Ųæ˹ȥ͵һǽõȡ˳
Ƭ֮һ˰ǵţ˵ڶ
ΪҪǸÿһҵ䱸һöɫָĽָȴѪɫġ
Щָʱ֤ͨҪܹʱʳеĳЩض硣
תһϵĽָ¶һ˿Ц
ö˽⵽ʳ֮Уӵڶʼܶطƣһͨںǲġ
Ǹɫָ󣬵ڶ󲿷ֵطͨ衣
ħʹ˵ĺɫָ޷룬ֻѪɫָܽС
ڶ͵һҪߴ࣬һҪһЩֵԵĽ̿Ҳߵ˺ܶ࣬ԵģҪһЩ
Ŀڼ￴˿ڷŵĶҲ󶼽
˵ĿⱻΧЩĸǰȥ
𿴵Χҵӵ飬صĿһ
ЩЩԵĵһ飬ʱ˹Ŀбӵĸ
ע⵽һĻ𰵰˵ͷ
߰ɣȥ԰һһɶݶȥ˼æϡ
ʳǿ̫ԵʣԲû½յĽƣȴֻͿշУ·鷳֮¡
Ӻһһľׯ԰֮ǰĴһҶдš԰֡
˴ѾǵڶƫƧ֮ӦǷһЩСϢ֮紨֮ɫΣȻǸ֮ˡ
и̾һΪħʵĳ䣬صҾۼʳǵ˿²ʮˡҲҿʳ۳ǣпɲ¡
һ߽԰һģ˹
λԶһᣡ֪ܷ¿ǵסͼ¶һΪ˵
Ŀ⿴һۣΪ浤磬ȥΪס֮С
ȡǿҵļƣݸ¡
»ַһһâ
λסڴ˴ºǺһЦ漴ȡһɫ磬ҵļϻ
̸ֳ֮ҵһЩϢм֡
ԭλ࣬סʮźͥԺɡЦǫͣȻҲǸ֮ˣ˿ûбֳ̬ȡ
˵֮䣬԰ȥ
԰һרӴ˵ĴͿջһ㣬ڹ㺮סĴΪƣһͥԺΪİһСһִֿȥȻټͥԺ
ܿ죬±㽫һ˴һ͵ͥԺԺ֮߰˼䷿䣬ǿסһˡ
ʵڱǸʳеĸʵ̫࣬סźѣλס¡ЩǸ˵
¿һطžͺáһЦ˵
ھסûʲôҪֻҪмӾС
պУʱҪλǰħʹμӴ䣬ĵѣڳж¶˵
ã֪ˡ˵ͷ
һ񣬱ת뿪СԺ
ܿΪʮ˷˷䡣
ȻһסͥԺõ˺סһ䣬Ҳס¡
סҲѾĵӶ뵽иһ䣬ķ䣬Сĵ˵
޷ȥȥɣϽ˽ȫӦò⣬ҲҪҴһ£
л˷ܵĴӦһ첽뿪ķ䡣
Ƭ֮һҵĽŲеʮ˾뿪Ժ䡣


1414 
ҡͷһЦȻҲʳһߣʱпԣһʱ
Ƭ̣һת֮жһɫƣǻʸǵ泤ơ
֮ǰϸˣƲǵʵҲһԱˡ
˿ֻ̣ҪʸʳǣӦñܸӦѾ
뿪ħԨؾ󣬻ʸǶ˵Ļһֱͷδǧӱ֮Ĺϵòע⡣
ˣЩҲͽͣͷȻֱҡҡͷԺеͷ׿ȡɫ򣬼е
֮вʳǵĵͼһЩʳǵĽܣûüúÿ

ʱħʹһص֮Уʸռվԣ֮ϣһ۵ӣǵħʻʸӺ
׵ϣ߸ˣȻͨڡ
ֱ֮ˣϵһӣʮ꣬òΪӢǹһĨ΢Ц
վһٸǵħԨؾдϼϡ
һϵĽӵݱ㲻Զˣȴϼĵ衣
Ҷ֮ˣŵһߣݸߣֳΨһ֮Ǵüһöˮ״Ѫɫ顣
ǿҵļ䡣
ԱվһѪ꣬ʮ꣬ɢаǴ˿ԻʸӺҼҲû˿˼
ħʴˣټҹ¾ֱ˵ɡѪЩ䵭Ŀ˵
Ѫ˵˲ƺ»ʸӺħһ㡣
ʸӺȴûʲôɫվڻʸӺĻʸռüͷ׾΢һ£漴ǺһЦ˵ǺǣļߺռҲѵִʳǡħʴҲˣʱ䣬ӦҲ쵽ˣԵƬ̡
Ѫԣû˵ʲôԹԵı۾
ڶˣʼնûпڡ
׿˻ʸӺһۣйâ΢΢һ漴ƿĿ⣬һϵĲ豭ŵһڡ
㹤һŲӴ⴫˽һӵͬ£˽
Ӷʮҵͣĸߴɫ콡һԻĿŭ
ΪصǣòҲǼΪƣ·һĸͬһ㡣
ںǸ۴󺺱ϻһ߳һ߿УɢһϢ
ǰĺ۴󺺵ֳȣȥ·һƽ׳ӣһͬеļĿȿȴǴˡ
ߺ֣ϴһ𣬿а˰ɡΪǿϲɺءʸӺĿڳȴ󺺣ĿоһһЦ˵
Ҽͬȴ󺺣ǰɫ΢΢һ䣬Щɫδ䣬һЦݡ
ħʴ˹ˣ㱾ܹħʴȡȴһţȴһЦ
ʸӺһЦһ̧˸ƣʾ۴󺺶£ӭͶ˵תȥ
ħʴˣ˶ѵ룬˵ĿӦÿ˵˰ɡѪһ˿ͣߺռºֳԴߴٵ
ֲļλ˵ʸӺ˿ûΪѪߵ̬ŭ˵
䣬ʸռ쵥һôϣͬʱһ޵ɫϼӵֶܸУĳµĸơ
ʵ˷ټλǰΪʮǰǴħԨؾʸӺĿڵ
һѪߺͳȴɫ΢΢һ䣬һԵҼɫûʲô仯ƻʸӺ˵ĺһϵûС
ǴεħԨؾ֮УǼҿνʧأһʸҵĿߣԼħδ߳ؾ֮⣬㳤ϣߺʳҲУʵ˶󡣡ʸӺ˵ɵ̾˿
ߺռŴ˻ĿҲһ黹ܱ侲
ѪһԣȴȻѿ֮ƺ˴˰һ㣬һ
Ĵ֮УȻÿһ£Ǳ˴֮䣬ʵǿ
ԭʵǿǸߺռ壬ҵͻȻң¶ʵħ½ǿԺʳ濹⡣
ȻѾĴ֮У䰵ۣҵʵһԾѹ˸ߺռңΪĴһ
ʣµУߺʵּᣬѹңϼȻ͵Ҳû˵Ҷӣʵķ˿ҡ
һֱѣ۷֮ͨʱͨ׽֮¡
мͨϣһλǧ֮ǰ䣬û߳ħԨؾһͬĻʵͬƵˡ
ԭ򣬵¿ʵ䵽˹ȵףѪȻûʲôõɫ
ħʴƽѾȥʮˣѵЩȥ˸ɣѪһ
ȻܣħԨؾȻΣգǼҶ˽⣬ֻҪСһЩӦòͨаɡλѵһεħԨ֮УЩŹ𣿡ħʿѪһۣĿٴڳѲдĵ
ôѵħʴ֪ħԨ֮з˺£Ѫ߿ɫȻһ䣬ʵ
һԵĸߺռҲȻħʣ¶˼רעɫ
Һ͸ߺħԨĺĶȫûʲôҪϢҲûдȻºŭ֮£Ҳ˰Եһʱ䣬վǺҲûм׷ˡ
˿̣ħʵ˼ƺ֪ħԨӡ
תһ룬ʸħԨˣȻҲ룬һʸǴ˳
ʸӺоһ˵ͷ˵
ߺռͿɫʱһ䡣
ħʴָԽĪҸߺռҵħԨ֮ʱߺӻȻվ˵
ߺֲؼ˵ɡʸӺһЦ
ŷ߷ߵȥ
ߺռΪߺȴĴ֮ĻƢΪߺҵļ֮˺ܶ࣬Ȼ
ʽձΪ˽ħԨؾе࣬λǰʸӺ˵漴֡
һŴ򿪣һŮ˽ǻʸǡ
żλҲ֪ǳҲڴ˴εħԨ֮нҴͬʱҲĿħԨ֮еһЩʸӺ˵
ߺͿĿʱۼ˻ʸϡ
λȷʵħԨ֮е֪һЩ֮ΪλȫûҲ֪һЩԭ򡣡ʸ˵
ǳָ㣬ڴ˸мߺ˵
Ҳͷɫ֮


1415 
һ˽ħԨؾ֮ȻƵΣգһ·˳ڴԨȻ˾ƺĳ챦֮ףҺͿٳ֮£ǰԨһ֪̽ʱڵĴ壬ȺԨ֮Сʸ˵
Ԩ
ߺͿɫһ䣬漴ʲôҼĽٸ
ǳԣʱҲסջ󣬴˽Ԩڼǳй档ʵ̫Σգܿұ֪Ѷˣ˳ٸ治ɫ˵
ߺʺͿŴ˻оһ˿ɫȻڽٸĻûоţϾԨΣնҲ֪ûȫ׼Ļȥ޻صġ
Ԩ֮ΣޱȣҺͿٳȻӻˣʧءЩҲͰˣû뵽ңһս֪ôٻһ֮ĽɫħʬɱĴܣٳΪ˱ȫңҲǽɫħʬϡֻҽ˳Ԩ֮дʱ䲻ȴһЩʸǼ˵ֻἰʸ֮ʱɫЩȻ
ɫһ֪˵˹ؼ֮
˵ƾλ뿴һ´ʸǷȡִϹ⡣
ɫֶڰлΪˮ⣬˿ߺǰ潥ֳһЩӰͼ
͸ߺ˿˼ˮеӰɫȻ䡣
ߺǰˮ֮УȻǸߺһħԨΧīĴ빥ʱΡ
ǰˮ֮УȷǸߺռһˣǽɫħʬֻɱĻ档
һԵҼΣĿ֮йâ΢Ƴ˻ʸӺһۡ
ʸӺҲת׿˹ȥ˷ɿĽһµķֿˡ
ˮ֮ϼ¼Ļ治ܿˡ
ɫʱѿ֮֮ʾ˿ҵĵӣͽɫħʬɱ龰
ҡڳ֮м֡
䵹ûлǻʸαĻ档
ˮˮϵеˮڱͼ¼һЩ档
ΪĿ⣬ʸ٣۾
һߵĸߺҲüͷ壬ˮ⻭֮е󣬸ߺҵȻī뾡ɱǸߺȴ˳ȥ
ʸϣˮʩչģߺüͷһʸʵ
ܱǸʱҲѱûǰʵѣʵ֮ΣСŮҲǲö֪ˡӵķ׶༪ˡʸЩǸ˵
ߺɫһû׷ʲô
ʸǶһתߵ˻ʸӺվһߡ
ħԨзЩ飬ԭӦ̸֪λģֻǳؾ֮ˣص֮󣬱̱չԴʱʸӺЩǸ⡣
ħԨ֮У޹ʧ٣ܹ֪㳤ϵں֣֮ϷѾǳмˡԻʸӺȭһ
ֲضҰģ֮ˣĿٳҲУ˵ȴȻҪֻʸӺ˵
ͷתʸӺ˻֮£ζԲԭûвʳ֮˼Ȼɱ˿㣬˵Ѫܹ
Ըħʴ˵ǲһ£˵
̫ˣ˿ҵָտ𡣡ʸӺϲ˵
ߺۼ˾ɫ΢΢һ䣬û˵ʲô
ʽټˣһ֣ߺֽʾħԨؾ֮£һ£ǹ֮¡ʸӺ˸ߺһۣ˵
һڳ˵Ŀʱ˹
ҷʮˣһʸΪһЩԭһֱûȫƽѣѾûˣѾµžǰߣȴ֮ȫƽѡʸӺ˶ٺ󣬼˵
ߺ䣬Ҽԣɫɫ졣
ߺйâ˸ɫ΢漴˵ͷҼʼգɫƽƺ֪һ㡣
ΪܹӿȣʾŴ֮ϣҼ֮ʣ齨һͬƽѡʸӺ׳һشϢ
Ҽɫûжٱ仯ֻиߺ΢䡣
ʳҵսʵҪǻʸҺ֮࿹ʳҲδǿټʶұȻɳڻʸңûʲôʵʾٶټһЩСǰ֧Ԯһ¡
ջʸӺ˾٣ȴҪˡ
ǰձѾ˻ʳǣѾ˵ҲѾӦ֮СʸӺ˵ת׿Ҽһۡ
ߺͿҲ˹ȥ
΢Цŵ˵ͷ
֣֪Դ˾ʲôʸӺ¶֮ɫ漴˿䣬ʵ
ҲԸ֮Уħʴƽҡûԥ˵
ãֹȻ壬ڴлʸӺ˵ͷȭ˵
ʸӺ˵ţĿ˸ߺ
ҸߺռҲԸߺȻʸӺѯʣ˵
Ĵ֮УѾվʳһߣҰܾѶߺȻῴơ
̫ˣλԸұ㲻ΪˡʸӺдϲƴЦ
ЩʸȺʧȥλܼͨλǿߣνʧء
ı֮£ڽƽ£ԼһȻ֪֮ҵսԸֻҪվԼһʸоԵİնԸˡ
ֵı̸̬Ǣ˺ܶࡣ
ħʴˣйľϸڣ֪ɷѾ³̣ɫһЩʵ
¾ǿֲʣҲ֪λʸӺã˵ţԵĻʸռһۡ
ʸռ⣬ȡָһǰ

֮еĻ̸һʱŽ׷׸뿪󣬵ֻʣ˻ʸӺˡ
ոյĻ̸˵ǢĻѾϣߺҲѾͷͬ⣬ÿҳŵɳ൱ҵսսЭҡ
ֻսƷķϣȴЩʨӴ󿪿ڣʸӺҲͬˡ
ʵʸӺ˵ңʵҪĿı£ߺգ軹ѡ
ֻҪʳվͬһսϣһѾעҪʧܣңֻǴҪˡ
λϽҲˣȥϢɡʸӺ˵
ʸ΢һɣԻʸӺһ˳ȥ
˲һ֮ϣΧһˣյֻ˵ĽŲڻ졣


1416 
ǳϣ벻ħԨؾһУø֮ͻƿʵǿϲɺءʸռ쿴ԵŮһۣǺһЦ˵
ͻƶѡʸΪ䵭
ʸռ쵭һЦҲûʸǵ̬ȡ
ˣ֪ӱôˣ˴ܹɹˣǶӱˮˡʸռָ˵
ռ쳤Ϲġӱ´󹦣ҵħʴ˴ö굤һֱչؿޣò˶ãΪٽһͻڣҲǲܵġʸǵ˵
ʸռĿһɫĵ˵ͷ
Ľ̸䣬ܿ߳˳ȣݱ뿪ˡ
ʸռ쿴ʸǵӰģֱʧĿ΢΢˸
գΪȷ˴ħԨ֮˳ʳǲ߹ͬǰݣʸռȻûнħԨؾȴһֱؾ֮⡣
йħԨؾе飬ҲѾӻʸǺǧӱ˵ˣħԨеҲ֪һ
ֻоǧӱͻʸƺеĲݣʸӺƺҲû׷ʵ˼
ʸռվԭسƬ̣ƺڿʲô
˴γңиΪҪҪ˵ǣʳĸ
һˣҡҡͷתȥˡ

ʸǰݱʸռڹһ߹հ˹գúһƧĵ֮⡣
һȹӵʯŸǰվԱߵʯĴ˼£ʯŻƿ
ʯ֮һϹɵĹţ֪ͬδ
ʸ̤֮УǰɫͻȻһûһռ֮С
˴ռɽһߣ쳣
ռ䵽˵Ϲ⣬֮ҲһƬƬĵɫƣþһ㡣
ʸηɶݶȥһϿա
һС֮ͤУǧӱڴ˴ϥϹ⻷ƣҲʱͬˮתƺĳ
ʸǼˣ΢΢һ̣ϢƮС֮ͤǰû˿Ĳ
ǧӱǸӦʲô˫Ŀ
ʦ𡣡ʸǣǧӱ¶һ˿Ц⣬æվ
ӱԽˣȻܹӦңЩʱգΪ˲١ʸɫһϲ˵
ʦ̵зǧӱһЦվס˻ʸǵ֡
ʸḧǧӱ㷢Ŀһ˿Ȱ֮ɫ
ˣһҪ˵һ¡ʸǺһ£˵
ʦ뽲ǧӱһ
ɵӣ㶼ٹձǰһεĳ֮գǸСӴ˿ҲѾ˻ʳˡʸ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ǧӱ۾һ漴һƲƲ˵Ǹ֮˹ʲô顣
ɵӱΪʦľӾʲô֮ˡ෴ˣڶֲ̿ᵱҵ潫̹˵˳ʸЦЦ
ǧӱԣ֮о˸֪Щʲô
˵ıм֪ûһЩӱࣿʸǽǧӱϱ龡۵ףЦһ
ޣ˭˵ϲˣǧӱһ죬
ӱĪҪˣСˣǸѵõ䣬㵱ҽ֮ħʴڻ֪¡֮ǰħʴ˿ǺἰҪѡһ£ѵ޸˲ɣʸɫһʵ
Ҫǧӱɫһ䣬ѿڶ
ˣѾħʴˣұҸʵʱħʴһ´¡ٺúüһ棬ʱ˫ޣҲҪȶСʸɫȻ˵
ǧӱ֮ɫһû˵

ͬʱҲ뿪԰ⲽڻʳ֮С
ӳöе֪ʳǵȼΪɭϣԽǸ߽׵ħˣסĵطԽǿڳǡ
֮ȻҲԽʳԽǸ߼̻ἰбĵҲڵڶڵǻʸҵľס֮û̻ҽӿˡ
԰ڵڶƫƧĽų̣ûñһĽֵ֮ϡ
˿ڶв֪ۼ˶ˣʮɿĽֵҲԵΪӵ
ֵԵ̣ÿһҿǳǰκγǳضҪܶࡣ
󾳵Ϣڽֵ֮Ŀţʱ߽һ̿һȦ
ʳȻųħ½һǣΪ㾳磬ҪҵһԼõĶȴҲ̫ס
תСպҲֻһҵԼЩôݺͲϣΪʧ
Ҳѹ֣ܹħ֮ѿƷеƷżҲᣬһЩ֮Уٻˡ
ҲǺջڼĴһЩõϢƩһЩ̼ҴŴ˿ʳǾһЩͽᡣ
ѾȷὫڽ֮оУȥ
ʱţɫֵҲֳ֮Ĺâҫԡ
˰գ˲Ѿˣظ
ڴ˿̣üһĿ⿴˽ֱߵһҲ۵̣ƺǷħġ
ֻɿڴ˵ǱȽСˣʱҲûʲôˡ
üͷ΢壬һ˿ɻɫ˽ȥ
̿ʰȴǸɾһŵļϰڷһ˸ĵ֮ĸʽУýƸ档
һӣ浤ڵΪæӭ
λͣҪʲôħרŵʦҪҲ԰Ҫرġ￪꣬ȻҲ򵥣һ۱㿴Ϊʶǳǫ
㿴ͺá˵ڵеһ߹Ŀ´
õģ¶һ˿ʧɫȻԣЦ˵
Ҳڵ߹Ŀ⿴Χͣһ˿ɻ
ڸղţоһƼΪĽ֮д
ƽ⾫֮ԼĽ֮ϣħ½ʹ÷ɽħһ٣Ȼһ˿Ȥ
ֻǣһ̤̣ƽȴƽ޹ʵʧӰˡ
κͻȻͣס˽ŲĿһϣϾһɫɽ
˽г˸֮ϸֳΪϸСƬ״ƣΪ
ǺڷɽΪɷ齣һͷ󾳷ħݵƶɣȻھдʮƶɣǱֻ֮Ҫħĸܵ
˼ۣ˵ͷƿĿ⡣
ĿҲ֪ӹ󣬶ûпɽæмõķһһܸ
ȴֳһÿɷɫ漴ڵ߶


1417 ½
·ĳ۵ĽʱԭûսͻȻһüͷһͣ˽ŲĿ⿴һӵײ
ڷһɫЩƣһ𣬲ܵϻ滭һЩɽͼ
йâһոƽǴ⻭дģȴһţǽӦƽ⣬ʶҲûз
ɷ񽫴ҿָŻ˵
ããû⡣æִһ׹⣬˼ӵİ׹ϡ
׹ѿһ϶ȡ˻
佣Ȼһȣսתݷȥ
һȴµչ˻
ֻ飬滭ʮڷɽͼ
Щɽ״죬СҲһÿһڷɽͼΪ棬ϵĻƶɼ·ʮڷɽǰһ㡣
ϵЩɽµ棬Ŀ⿴ȥЩС
ʮڷɽƺгһģ
⸱֮ȻȴԲƺֻһҲҪ𣿡Ƭ̣ת׿վһԵĵ
֪⸱ڵҲѾЩͷԭһķܹ֮ųСֻ⻭ЩƣһʧűڵģǷɫЩڨڨ˵
ԭˡ˵ͷĿ˻Ե
ֻһΪԵĲƿڣƺǱĳ̴ɵġ
ȻѾ޷ʹˣܹɽ޸ĻַâҲ˵ոٵôҲԵĻʮħ֪ΣĽһۣ΢΢һЦ˵
ԣĿһ¶һ˿ɫ
ðɣⶫҿ˳ۣˡֽ漴ȡʮħݸ
״ǺһЦĽͳ˵̡
ʱ䣬Ҳûмڽֵй䣬ܿۻص԰
˵ڻûһ˻ҡҡͷ֪Щеһѵ˵ȷʤأȻҪҲû⡣
ԹԵĻصԼֲһ򵥵󷨽ơ
ЩȡŲƻĿ´¶һ˿档
ɢΪĽ⣬ԲǷոڵ֮Уֻǿ˼ۣ˿ȻҪú̽һ£˵ʲôܡ
ţָһ㣬ǰչʮڷɽֻû˿
һ£ִһڹ⣬û˻֮С
ڹһŵķ˻֮Уȴ·ţˮ㣬û˿춯
üһҲû¶ɫ⻭ԻѾʧķûзӦҲ
һ£ֱ˻֮ϣķӵ˻֮С
ʱһһȥһӣʼû˿ķӦ
ջУϷǵû¶ɥɫЩϲ֮ɫӿüҡ
˿̵ķȫʩΪ֮£ѰпܳܲסӴķơ
⻭˶ķȻܻ£϶Ѱ
Ƭ̣Ŀһָһ㣬һĽ˻֮ϡ
˽ǿȣɫһȴֱ˽ȥ
ʮڷɽһ漴ûȥ
ɫһϲв
Ȼû⻭ɢһƽ⣬ӦûԽӦ
һһִɫԴԴϵ˻֮С
֮ɢԽԽĽ⣬ʮڷɽͼҲ֮·Ҳ뻭ɳһ㡣
ɢĽﵽһ̶֮ƾδ߶УҲûиı仯ƺ̶ȣѾǼޡ
ֲͣһ˻֮УɫЩ
ʱһȥ麣ķѾ˴룬ۿ⸱ӣɫһһߣĽ֮һལ
һսɳ˻֮ϡ
ƺӦʲôĽɢĿĽɫ
Ŀһָһսâţһִɫ£˻֮ϡ
漴սһȻû˻֮Уʧ١
һڴ˿̣һӻ֮ϴ
֮ȻһƬɫϼ⣬䶼Ⱦ˽ɫ
ˣ
ϵʮڷɽһ𣬺Ȼ˳ڰ֮նɳۣƺһž
Ŀһ¶һ˿ʧɫȻ˽裬յ̫֮ƥǶڽһȴͨ
κν󣬶ܿһɽݻǰȻǶ˵ȴǼһĴˡ
ݻʱ䲻֮󣬻ɢĽ⻺ʮڷɽһɻ˻֮С
Ż֮Ͻһս˳ƺʧ˲Ԫһ㡣
һл˽衣
ʶ̽˽֮Уڴ˿̣һɵĽӽ֮мһûڣȻֱӷʶ֮УһƬ⣬ʶĺɫСϡ
ɫһ䣬ƺһɫ˲òҰס
ǺɫС˿ʱֻԺʹޱȡ
ڴʱֺɫС˵ɽȻɢΪһɫС֣ʶ֮С
ڴϢƬ̣ɫ滺˹ͬʱҲŪЩɫСֵݡ
½ն
һϸ˵һĽ
ŽΪ⣬ǰȫͬ½һŽڣתΪһƻĽ֮˶ʱһͷų
ŽҪԷɽҪܸߣҴʱԽͷųԽ
ݽɫСϵ˵ŽһλΪľħԴħ󾳽磬ƾ˽Խնɱһͨܡ
ȻĶսŽֶһɱﵡ
ֻϧԴʳ֮ħ·˯һ㣬ǱǿѯһΪľΪ
Ƭ֮һ˷ܵѹȥϵĽͼ
ⶫֱΪԭȵǸԵģ
һ½ͼ
ӦǸľµģԺá
ţȡһöҩ̷ȥĬĬתڤǾָͷ
գμ˼ħ֮ĽᣬҲһЩϣرһνϣ߼һѪľǸħħļѲ֮һ


1418 
ʱһμתۼ㵽ħʳӡ
һոµҼΣڸ˲Ҫ£԰ȴ󣬱һʳǵĵҲħʹǰ
ǳ䣬ʶħʹĳŴ󿪣Ҫ룬ȻҲҪһΪϿ̲顣

ʳǵ֮Ѥϼ֣ħʹ֮нʮɫĹâʹеĻľڷ£ų̺֮ɫ
ħʹĳ޴㳡֮ϾУ㳡ʮСһֺľʯ̾ͣ⻬羵棬ܹӳӰ
˿̹㳡ΧѾϣǰһʮɸߵĸ̨һ˸ɫƷ˿̸̨ϻǿһˡ
㳡֮ϣڷһſĴΣԱ߻һ䱸Сڷ˸Լʹģħڼ󣬲ʱеС֮ϡ
˿˹㳡֮ϣͬʱȤĳĴס
㳡֮УѾۼ˲ҼǴĳϣִֿȥǧ˵ӡ
ڳļǼϻΪǰʮˣϢȻﵽͨ硣
࣬½ͨʿħ½٣Ҫ֮ȴǻ֮ˡ
Ǵεֿ֮ĸ֣½ߣҲûܾ뵽ôĶʿ
˿̴δʼ㳡֮ϵҼȺΧһȦӣ˽Ǹ̸ЦΪ͡
ڹ㳡̨ǰܹȺǸߺңңҵλԱߵһҼϣǹ°Χˡ
ΧҼΧ˹ȥƺҪ֮˵һ仰
ҡͷһЦȻûȤȥ֣ڿĵطһ۵λĵȺżʼ
㳡ϵԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽ֡
Լʱһȵĳڿʼˣ
㳡֮ܿƽϢһӶų۵Աڸ̨
ŵ£һ֪ӺδƮԶһɫϼƻʵһ˸̨ǰϹһһʮҵ۽ڵӳǰ漴ʰǰĸ̨
ĿһȻδˣҲµħ½ħʣǧӱĸ׻ʸӺ
ϸ֮£˺ڴħеĻʸˮмƣջʸˮǰԼħԨ֮ԿԼ˽ħԨþĻԵԶӡǳ
ӿһĸоڽħ˰ϼڸ̨ǰע
һһλŵߣһĿеˣһˣһŮӣ¶Ϣǳ£Ȼͨħˡ
ĿŮϣĿ¶˼֮ɫ
̨һжʮ˵˸̨
εȺΪˣŮһɫӺݻ
ĿһΧȺе֪ЩǻʸҵֱϵѪ
ʶȺɨһۣڴʱһɫٻӰԾͫ΢΢һŮǱˣǧӱ
̲סһһ˿֮ɫ
˿̵ǧӱһŰϾݰ״죬ˣһϮϷɢڼͷֻ˼ʣ˼¡
֮ʱУһת˲Ⱥϡ
ɫһǧӱһ˫ˮע֮£а̾˿ңңĶ˵ͷЦһ¡
ǧӱ΢΢һ죬һ˿ţܿƿĿ⡣
¶һ˿ΣĿ⳯ǧӱԱߵһڻӹӿȥ
ЩʼҹΪ죬󲿷ֶ浤Ϊ󾳵ֻվǰŵ߰˸ˡ
Ŀһתһ췢ꡣ
òͻʸˮЩƣϢҲһڻΪӴһȻѾ۷ΪѾһֻ̤ͨ硣
Ŀ΢⼸ڻʳΧйʱ˵ħʵһ֮УһΪлʸȵĻΪߡ
ڻʸˮ֮󣬻ʸȻһλλѡ
ļУһΪﵽڣ֮⣬ǧӱΪˡ
üͷһٴλָ˲ģ
ִ˿ѾͣʸӺվڸ̨ǰעǧ¶һ˿Цݡ
ճλԶһãοʸӺ˵Ȼ󣬵ȴԶԶĴ˳ȥޱȵĴڳ˵ĶС
ļ̨һ
ʸӺͣƬ̣˵´½ж˷Ϊ飬̾Ŀ
ڻʸӺָķһ׺󣬳ʽʼؼһ̨֮£˳֮רŸɹ֮˸ȡǼǲг
һڣԸʵʱʵʳڳûʲôضҪֻһʽĿǽЩۼʳǣΪ̽ģԼȨƵһֶζѡ
Ϊ˱ģͬʱڸǰչԼʵᾡܵĶཻһЩˡ
ϹȻǸߺգңļȻҲɹˣϵħڼģ䱦ǲ̨֮˷׷զ಻ѡ
ΪϵǣϹ֮󣬲ûлصԭȵλ֮ϣǱʸӺ뵽˸̨֮ϣħʵǰ¡
˾ٶʱȺ۷׷ףׯϴ֮ϣκξٶһ塣
ͻʸӺͬ˴֮˶ó
֣û뵽ĳ֮£峤ȫֳҺħʹϵˣѾڣǰǰԲԶ󾳼ϸŵš
ʶԶˣʶԶڶ֮ϣȻⷬԻ
ɫ۽һɨԭԷԼҲʮɿ⣬һŻۣͨڵʵ
һǸͷҰ׵ߡ
ʶϵļǣӦǽΪƫԶݿļ
ߣңѰΪʸƿħ½ʮ꣬ʵǿᣬѸٹ̡һʱռЩϷ磬۴һ֮Уҿ˿ΣħʴѾշ壬֮ڲԶˡЦһԴɳơ
Ŀ¶Цݡ
Ȼ֪ħʹʲôӣ˿̣ѾԵվʳһûʲôֶΣƵȷ᧿Σ
ͬʱ㳡֮ϵĴ󲿷ֵļ۷׷ףҲ󶼳㿴
һ̬ȵЩ壬ڿ˾вɵöʼ
ɹʽڽУ֮һЩҵļǳϣҲǰԼĳ֮Ͻ
һʱɹʽڽ
ڼ䣬ȻҲǰ׼ĳ֮ȥЩҲĵ˾׼ȴûʲôʵġ
ȴҪЧ


1419 ֮Լ
󣬹㳡ϵȴûֹͣ
ħʿЩӵȺ΢΢һȣȻվ
·ļۼ˾ʱͣۡ
λǳ䣬мҪڴһй֮¡ħȻ˵
һһɫȻ¶ɫ
˷˷ı֮ڣѾʮ꣬ʶδ֮ܽ׽𣬵˱߽սݱʵʸӺ˵˴¶һ˿ɫ
գʱŴ˴δ䣬Ѹ£֮½ȫƽ˷Ѿͬʱݿλ齨ƽѣţʸӺȴɫһ࣬׳һشϢ
Ŵԣ㳡֮ǧ֮ɫȻ䡣
ʸӺԿνһʯǧˣһ̣ڳļǱ
йľˣڴ˾ͲϸˣȫȨɸߺգϣҵļ𡣡ʸӺĿڳɨм˵
˻һ㳡֮ϵ۷ƽϢ׷׿˸̨֮ϵλ
ͬ˹ȥ˴˿ɫû˿֮ɫȻ֪¡
ڴʱʸӺӸ̨ϴǵڶ£Ѿ˴δ֮´ʣѸ£λǰĵĦѡ֮񡣡
һ㳡֮һƬ󻩣ȸոյ֪ҪҾսҪȵĶࡣ
̨֮ϵλʸҵϵӵܣҲǷ׷ɫ󾪣ȻȲ֪¡
վӵǰĻʸϼɫһ漴ʧ١
ԭ̨ĸߺҼɫҲһ䣬ʸӺֵ׳꣬¾ʱʴʲôԵɡ
ߺϾɫһƺ뵽ʲô
ѵ
ҼͿҲ뵽ʲô֮ͬһ˿ɫ
ߣ벻ʸӺСӾȻҲߵһҪչسˣ㳡֮ϣԺиֳħ
ħǰˡһ
˿ʳ֮УΪһЩԵʲ¶棬ЩҪ֮Ҫ˵δ˵꣬ħĻ
һ
ʱȣҾͳ˵ˡǻʸӺȥĵһҪȥҼǵýϡԺʱԻ˵мǣ¶ǵ޺кܴ洦պͨҲ档ħͳ漴Ȼֹĳȥ
üͷһ壬漴кڹһһöɫ
Ŀ⳯Χȥûע⵽æֽɫ
Ȼɫû˿쳣ȴͷת֪ħڸʲô
ȥʱʸӺ˵˼£ȴЩйش˴γ飬йоˡ
ˣҲѾӽβ
ڻʸӺ˵һлʺ󣬴ڽ㳡֮ϵĸλҼҲħȥ½ʼ뿪
Ⱥ֮УҪ뿪
ҹһڼԪ¥磬͹⡣ʸǵͻأĴĶ䡣
ԣ΢΢һ̧ۿȥ
ֻ̨֮ϣʸվǧӱԣ΢ЦĿ˹
пЦһ΢΢˵ͷ漴תȥ
һӺص԰С
˴˿ʵʵ԰Уûгȥй䣬æӭӡ
ĪǳеĲ˳ҿҼʱ򣬶鸴ӵӡЩʵ
Ҳǣֻħʵ˼¶ѡһЦϷ򵥵ĺ˵һ¡
ŵһºɫȻ䣬ں漸£ǶԣȴûʲôӰˡ
ǲ⣬ȻСǺҹϵ̫Իƴġɫƽ˵
Уǳ֧Ĵڣۼ̩ȻΪ֮һ
ˣǸȥϢɣ˿̵ѾҪȥйҲԡȥǱ׼ظɡԸ
ǣ˴ӦһԻطˡ
κصԼķ䣬һţֱһӶڲƲͣ֡
漴ϥ£ȡħöɫ
ֻϸ˺һᣬҲûܿʲôֻܸо̺˼ħ
Ŀ˸Ŀеͨ˺üħ죬ȴûеõκλӦ
ɫһ仯
ȻܹħĸֹƣĲĻħǾԽͨаȴȻĶ
Ϊѵ󾳺ڣֻҪֿޣ۷ֻʱ⣬Ҫͨûʲôա
ǸħԪ˵һɽͨļʣǣ˳ħĿ֮
ͨƿ֮ѣ浤ǧٱֹϾ֮ǰΪҪȡĹͶڹĸ򣬶ͨȴ漰ط֮ա
ڷ֮Ȼдɽ鷨Ķ֮ڣҲ˼ַ֮֮ˡ
һһ˿Ȼִһûɫ֮С
Ǿħж˿ʵżһҲӦһ˺ħֱƣ˭Ҳù
֮ǰҪŪɫá
ڴʱɫ϶Ȼֳһڹ⣬һ̣һֱӷڣʧˡ
ɫ΢䣬ڻΪһɼΪħھ֮С
ɢϢ̱쳣·ϴһһ㡣
ǰ幦ЯϢĳֹ˾
ѵħΪڵϢаԲ²⡣
ħ˾ٵʲôͼãҲûʲôͷ
ܿ죬Ϊһлǵ˵ɣһҪȥ

Ԫ¥ʳǵڶ֮еһ;¥ռС֡
ҹɫͬī֭ȾһƬʱļԪ¥ȴǵƻͨ磬˿֮ʱ
Ԫ¥¥Ŵʱ˽⼫á
Զһɫ۵ӰŲĲӣ˼Ԫ¥⣬ͣסŲŴ˴ֵĳĿ΢

¥ģ֮󣬵Ȼֻ˺Ⱦĵطʳ΢ЩϤ˶֪Ԫ¥Ҳʳ֮һҹģУľ¥һӰˡ
˵¥Ŀɽǻʸңڻʳ֮ѾӪ֮ãνٹ̡
Ԫ¥֮¥ڻмֶеļ𣬿ڱѣҲкܶ˵ֻΪܡ
˿̤˾¥ţ¥ſڵۼ⣬æǰɫĽ¥ڡ
¥ǳʮ㷿䣬а֮ߣ¥ڲ÷ǳݻذǽڶøľʣʵĴɡ
˴һ֮ǰѾһΣǴǲμһеȹģᡣ
˺Ȳ裬ǡƿΪСʵ


1420 Ԫ¥
Ŀ¿һ£Ҫڣڴ˿̣һ˽ѰɣǼԪ¥ƹ񡣡
Զһ۰΢ˣЦĿ첽ӭ˹
Ǹƿ߹æһ˵Աߡ
λǱ¥Ĺͣȥɣкɡ΢˳Ӱ˰֣Ը
Ӧ漴ȥֻȥʱĿۡ
ǣ΢һۣҲΪֻڡ
һҾ¥ƹΪ֪ˡ
Ǻǣ°Ѳضʣɡ΢˺ǺһЦת¥ȥ
üһ漴ȥ
Ƭ֮¥һżǰ
ѣǴ˴ˣ΢˵ţƿżķţԼȴֶûнȥ濴һ۶ҵӡ
͸ˡ΢˵˵ͷһ˽ȥ
΢˴ź󣬱ֽŹϣ̾˿
ĹͣԪ¥ĻϰҲҪͽĴڣϧԵ˵һ仰ڼԪ¥ĵλ̱߲١
΢źҡҡͷת¥ȥжԸոյҲЩ棬֪ǺȻеλ롣
˿̵һС԰֮С
¥Ǽż֮У治С컨мɽˮ졣
˾֮У鶼ɱ˲١
ľ£˳ΨһһСǰȥûãһڰٻеСͤǰ
С֮ͤаһ򵥵ľƲˣʸǺǧӱΧߡ
ʸһϮϵɴѾȡ
ǧӱ˿ȴһˮɫȹԵӯӯһգѩ㷢εķ٣֮ڻʹ̨֮ϣ˼ֿչĳ֮
ĳˡʸŲת׿˹һЦ
ʸϺԹˡʲЩ˽µ飬ȷĳˡĿɿǧӱһӶо֮ɫһ漴Իʸǹ˵
Ȼ£Ǳ㲻ȥƽˡɣЩƲ˿ɶӱصΪѡġĿеʸǿУ¶Ц⣬˵
ǧӱһ죬ЩĿ˻ʸһۣû˵
һ̾ǧӱ
ףϵϢƺʮǰı˲١ʸǺ´ۣЩȵ˵
΢΢һЦ˵⼸һڷ֪ôʼչˡ
̾˿֮٣Ϊ֮󣬾Ȼͬƹ֮һ㣬ڽ˾
ʩ˻Ҳ޷ȡ
ûƺûʲôΣպ跨ȡǣҲû̫ġ
ת⵹ǹŹˣǷҪ㿴ʸĿһ˵
ͷʸϣӦϰδҪ죬Żᵼˣֹֻͣŷָܿԭ״аԼ޴ϲɫ˵
ɲûʸǸ飬һԱݱ¶Ļɲġ
ʸǿһۣĿ΢΢һ£һ
ˣұ㲻֮ˡʸǵһЦĿ˵
ԣ˿
ˣ˵ĿģҲʸǻһת˵
ɫһһԵǧӱһۣҲ˹
ĿһӣǧӱƺЩɬܿƿߡ
ʸϣҪ˵飬ĳȻˡֱԣԹǵħʵ飬ν֮Ů⼸Ҳˣħʱ¶谮мӣ²һҼλʵ⣬¡Ƭ̣ڻɫĿ˵
ǧӱЩԭЩɬ飬Ȼͬһ㺮˪
ʸɫҲЩÿ
ĻȻû˵Ǿܾ˼ȴίıˡ
ʦҺȻ뵽ЩҪˡǧӱȻվﻹзֺոյĶׯƳһۣתżȥ
ˣһ˿֮ɫڴ£Ҳ˵ʲô
ʸüͷһ壬Ҫ˵ʲôǧӱӰתۼʧԶ
С֮ͤУֻʣԶ
ҵû뵽׮¾Ȼ˿ܣĳǿӱʸǶĮ֮
ңԾ䲻Թǡ̾һ˵
ߣ֮Զ˵档֪һûн¸֪ħʴˣñ֪˴£̬ȣΣʸ˵
üͷһ壬ɫҲһ
ʸ֮󣬿˵ħ½Ѿûʲôǰ첻ˣħ֮ԣǻʸӺƺѾһֻ̤硣
ڵʵͨܣԿ⣬֮ǰҲһֻϰĴڡ
ĳ飬֮ǰҲѾ˵мλ֪ǶҶǶأǣͶ뵽ʸ£ˡĳ޷ӦƬ̣ᶨҡҡͷ˵
Ȼ˵ʵֻһ档
һ˵ϾΪ壬һʱһ浱Իʸҵֶκ͵̣¶ǳ֮£ʱɾɲԼˡ
⣬ʸڵҪìͷңӦò̫ྫϡ
˵˻˻ʸǣڷԷʸͻȻ֡
ԤϣʸǴ˿̷ǵû¶ŭɫϵĮȴȥһۣ֮иֳһ˿ɫ漴ƿĿ⣬Զ˼
вЩ֣˵Ƭ֮󣬻ʸȴһֱû˵
飬ˡͷתֱ£Ȼվʸǹ˵
ȻѾ˻ʸң뿪Ԫ¥̴뿪ʳǡ
յħʼ̳˹֮£ȻҲȥˡ
ߣĪǵһʸ˲ɣʸǻȻתۺ׵͵һ
ಡ
һڳİɫɽзһ֮£ΪһɳȰ׹⣬˲һ㣬գۼ㵽ǰͷն¡
ѰзһǰȻһƬɫâһɽ飬˰ɫ֮ǰ
һ죡
ɫâնɽ֮ϣ̱㱻𿪣ɽȴֻǱƹһҲ
ʸɫ΢䣬ƺûϵܽԼһһӣ֮а׹Ȼַɳ˰˵һģһĽ⡣
֮ǰǱɽűɽ·ɣ£ʵ򰵺


1421 ʴ
󣡡
ɫһ䣬ħԨؾмʶʸǺ֣ŮʱʹɽѲף˿ʩչĽ֮ǰķɽΪݲ䲻ӡ
űɽԽתԽ죬֮ûһʮɴСİɫֺڰգĴ׹հ۶ĿĿӡ
һݣһһŽһŵɽзɳɿһɵĶƣǰ
ţƬŨɫϼӶƱϯ֯£ڶǰ۳һö¥СĻɫܣӨ͸ʵʡ
ոЩ֮аɫȻâţŵˮͰϸİɫ봦Ȼݺݺ˻ɫ֮ϡ
һͳ죬ŵɫȻΪűĿҫ۵İɫ޽̽˻ɫ
ɫܱѹȥâҲֳ֧״̬
һź¡һ죬ɫɢΪƹ⣬űɫ޽ƲնȥֱɽĻɫ֮ϡ
ڴ˿̣ɫ֮Ȼֳһɫˮ⣬һ±ù⻬羵
ʱŽײ
ɫ޽ն˶֮ϣڱ淺һƬ˷ˮΣһ̣о޽׷ױأڰ֮бѿΪ˵ɫâ
֮ϵˮҲ֮ɢ¶˻ɵĶ档
һϲһͨ仯ʮɽȫ취֮ģ״ʵսӦãȻûʧ
һ㣬ʮɣϾ֮ɫ˿
˽ȻֻнһУҸԿ˷ʹöСͤɣΧɽˮҲٻһգڷǽϲĳ½ƣųסսನû̮
ʸв֮ɫһ´ۣ¶һ˿Цݣ漴ָһ
յİɫַһХȻ壬»Ϊ˾űɫɽ׷׷ɻС
ɫһû뵽ʸһ֮Ȼʹ֣ĿһҲִһɫһΪһŻɵӣС
ӱֶΣħԨ֮භ·磬һȻû˵ʸɫ˵
ʸϹˣħԨ֮бʣҿˡüһ˵
ʸĿһʱѾԲѣħԨ˷ıʣºҲǧӱ֪˴š
ͻȻֲɱ飬Լӹħгֲץߵ֣쾵ָȡߣνһۣ䶼Щš
ʸǷҪͽ̣ûУĳȸˡ˵һ䡣
αżȥҷŲʵѡ°ɣӱ飬ЩˡʸϺ¶һ˿Цݣ˵
һһ
ʸ˵ţһӣһ֮ʹΧʯﾡԱ߷ȥתۼһƬյأͬʱһγ˿յ֮ϡ
ʸǻ˹ȥа
ʸл˵޷Ŀһû˵
ʸǵһЦȡһײߣʼԹԵĵĲʱƮɢͬʱȻ˵ӱ֮ԸϾľѳۣħʴܻ֪ΪӱΪȫʸҵ棬Ȼ㣬ʱҲһ
˵󼸸ʱ٣
ɫһ֪ʸǴ˻ȴǿš
ʵɲԥ֪㻹֪ⲢӱĽϡҪ֪ħ½ǿ£Ҳƽ֮£ӱҲܵġʸѭѭյ
ʸϵ˵ʲôһ˵
ӱܹЩ֪ǷԸӦأʸǵһЦʵ
Ŵԣ¶˸ӵɫ
ӦǲӦ
ոջʸ˵ĻʵʸҶԣѾ˲СòܾĻ»̼ŭԷٴη֡
Լһ˵ûʲôһ֮ܵǣĻһҲ߲ʳǡ
ʵǧӱŮмֺøеģǴŮϾΪħ֮Ů֮һ׽鶼鷳
һʸѾˣģҲֻħʴ˳洦ˡʸǿȻ¶ԥɫ˵
ɻʸ˿أ糤ĳӦҲ޲ɡͷת̾˿˵
˵ǴӦˣʸüһ
˵
ܺãӱԻᰲšʸֵ֮ǵ飬ֻܵȵѡʴ֮Ѱʱħʴˡʸǵͷ
˵ͷвɿЦһ
ħ֪º󻹲֪ʲôӦȻԽ֪Խá
漴뵽ʲôʵʸϣոյĻĪĻʴûо𣿡
ǵģԭѡĻʴˮӣϧҼƶˣûüѡһˡʸԥһ£˵
ŶѵʴħʴѡϵĿƺЩʲô棿ɫһɫʵ
Դ¸Ȥʸǿһۣ˵
ħʴд˵ȴ£ĳȻȤģħʱҵ֮ǰȥҪǰ˽һЩһºġǺһЦÿɷ˵
Щ飬ȵȻͿˡվ̸ɣѡʴ֮󣬻Ҫ뿪ʳǣħʱ¹ƻʱټ㡣ʸǵһЦվ
֪ˡͷӦ
ŶˣôŰɣԻʰǡʸЦһЦ仰漴ƮȻ뿪˴˴
û뿪ǽķվƬ̣ɫ仯һ󣬲̾˿ת뿪˷䡣
ڶ죬һͱħʹڻʹڴ£ܿĿĵأһȫɴɫʯƳɵĴ͹Ŷħдšĵ֡
˹ΧȣԵеº͹죬Ĺ㳡̫Զ
˿վڹſڣĿϸشţ֪ΪʲôղžҪ빬ʱͻȻûɵĸоһȥ׽ʱ˲¶Ӱ
κΧ߽˴
֮ож죬ȻյǸ㳡Ҫࡣ
ԽǽڣŸߴʯ˰ͷСĴ¹ʯӳյ硣
֮еǽڳֳڵɫɢһȦȦɫĹΡ
֣ŷųһʶ̽ǽ֮С
һ̣ɫȻһ䡣
ʶһǽ̾һǿ֮ҿӦ죬ʱջʶű˲֮
Ŀ˸˴͸Ź죬вС˼֡


1422 
İУƽ̨ڷһŵΣȻǸλ׼λã˿Ѿв档
һɵһٵƽ̨֮ϣһ
ڴ˴Ұӿ
ƽ̨ǰȻһߴķ̳̳ͨһֺʯͷɣһʮɴСֳǹħ˵񣬿
̳ĽǸһͷʮҵĸߴȴĸ׵Ķɫֱͬǻͷʨͷͷ񣬱ͷ
ľߵȻͬ쳣棬׺ݵֱ
йâ˸ħμεĹ񣬿϶ͼıֻǲ֪Ŀĵʲô
˵Ȼʹصнƻ֣Ȿ֮УֻǸոսʱǹ֮У⡣
Ǵ˿ȥӦȴ޷֪ˡ
۲ΧʱвҼ½
ʶʲôˣ¿һ󣬱۾Ⱥ򴢾ʽĵ
ʸ£ȪҼ𣿡ڴ˿̣һ˹
۾˿һװֵվԱߣ϶Цݡ
ǣ̧ͷһۣվɫ˵
ȻֵȻ֣ΪȻҲ󾳺ڡ
ڴȫӡӦǴûмǣԼûʲôˣԷȻһҳԼĸв졣
ҺҰ棬ΪԼҼҲӱµı磬Եüҡ϶ЦݣǺһЦҽ
Ŵԣɫ΢΢һ䡣
ԭԼղʧְ֮¶Цݣһ
̫ˣԱߵйЦ
йâ΢ջʸ˵ǧӱĹϵӦûûʲô֪ǡ
ԼǴӱ֪µ𣿡ϲɫʵ
ǺǣҺӱֻǱףӱĸСܵʦҺӱ˵һ𳤴ǰħʹ̽ʱ˵һЩй顣ǺЦ˵
漴ĵ벻ȻμϴεħԨ֮У
Լˣʷѣĳˣ㽫С档һɣ֪࣬벻֪ǧӱĹϵ
ʱʽ磬£̸
ЩԸƺħԨΪȤͣѯеļš
һЩ̫Ҫ飬˵ͬʱҲòĴһǧӱͻʸҵ飬˵Ľ̸ΪͶ
Լǻʸҵ׼壬ʶ˽Ϊϲҫ֪˲ٻʸҵ顣
ţ̸˴˴εĻʴѡϡ
滰һתʵ֣ǰĵ𣿡
²һСطļʳǶǵһλĵҡҡͷЦ
ʧԣֿ֪ܲˈĵɲͬطһħ֮ʮʱˡҿ˿漴Щصѹ
о֮ɫһȴû뵽˴Ȼôͷ
ĵͨɴĺҫħʯɣ㿴ĵذ壬ǽڣǰļ̳ǡҫħʯΪϡУССһűֵǣھħ½еĺҫħʯ¶˵һ룡̾˵
йâһûҫħʯ֣ĺʯȻϡѵΪʶ
ˣʳĻʴħʱѡεģ֪Ƿܿ콫˼Ӻҫħʯƿʳһоòص⡣
ٺ٣û뵽Ҳ֪ǻʸħ½ءĿһۣ˵
ǡɵ;˵һЩѣԼ㲩ͨ񡣡һЦķ˶Էһ䡣
ȻԴʮãЦ˵ֹˡܿˣ˵Ҳûʲô
ʸʳѡһħʣԣΪѡΣǽʳһ֮ħлʸҵϵӵѡȡ濿Щء
д˵顭ɫһЩơ
ħʵѡ񣬾Ȼһ
֪룬ǧȷ˵ħΪͨ飬ѾѰķ룬˵ƷѾԽ˶취ĸȤζ˵
Ŵԣɫ΢䣬Խ취ѵħǺͻ쾵һ֮ɣ
˽̸֮ʣеһŻ򿪡
ʸӺŻʸǣʸռһλ߽˴ٺȻʮĵϵӵܣǧӱȻҲС
üͷ΢΢һŮ˿̿Ȼü֮һ˿ɫɵа̾˿
ƽ̨֮ϵĸλҼۼ˾ʱֻŲڿտĴ졣
ʸӺλɫȻڻӻŮ϶ٶеš
һ˽Ųֱͣߵ̳֮ϣתǰ
ǧӱ΢΢תͷƽ̨ϵȺɨһۣ漴ͷ
˴һʸѡλڴ˹֤ʸӺ
䣬ƽ̨֮ϵλ׷վļΪףŻʸӺһ
ʸӺдʣִһ
ƽ̨ϹһֳһɫĻƽ̨档
Σƽ̨֮ϵɫЩ仯΢΢ɧ
ɫ΢䣬ɫĻʶеûơ
ѡڼ䣬Ϊ˱ţԲ磬λҪ⡣ʸӺ󣬻ʸռ쳤̤ǰһ˵
Ŵԣƽ̨֮ɫԶ
ô㿪ʼɡʸӺٿƽ̨ת˶ż̳ϵʮӻŮ
ǧӱ˴Ӧһ漴ȻɢΧż̳ĵһȦ
ЩӵܺҲ󾳽ħˣƽ̨֮ϣĿһ˵
ȻμѡʽҪ󾳣Ϊܲסæģ治ΪȻĵ
˵ͷ
ʸӺԻʸռ΢һͷʸռ˻⣬һɵ˼̳Ͽգֳһ״
ʸӺڼ̳ǰһɫ£һӣȡһɫᣬж
ѣʸӺжֻһƬͨļ棬ص£ƪܳʸӺСʱҲŶꡣ
ʸӺһ̧еһɫڰȼһɫ棬ܿʧ١
ɫһ֪ڵʽʼʱԵɫҲ


1423 ħ
ͬʱʳ֪ħ½֮أݣһƬװعıϿУźɵͬճī֭һ㣬
ʮǰħԨ֮ڴˣȻһϳƬϿǵʱħԨڡ
ϿĳƬյϿգһɫۣɫԴƵն
ХĺЮŴƬĴ֮ϣһ졣
ͷϿգһСĻɫУתϴɢһŨĺ
߿дͳɬ˫ֲϻӶÿһʱ䣬һһŵûɫ֮С
ϸ۲Ļ֣ᷢÿһɫбһ˿תٶҲӿһ֡
κ󣬻ɫͻȻһͳУ
ţһɫľ޴ƴл̽ǺŵɫֱֻۣⰵɫƤϣƲƵĵطԿᰵɫļĻɫҺ塣
ţһֱҲ̽˳Ȼһ˫ĿŰ׹˶ͷ­
߼״һ˿ϲɫǸ΢΢𣬿иܺãԿʼˡ
䣬ΪģΧĹУһƬİ׹Ȼһǧ֮ࡣ

ħʹĵ
̳֮ϣʸӺ˿˫Ŀգһɫͷ
ĿϹһܹĿɫâ֮һȭͷСɫԲ飬Ө͸ɢƵĹâܿ۳һߴСɫš
ʸӺ裬һɫ֮Увʱɬ
֮еɫԽǴתۼɴС
ʸӺҲ˹âɢͨǿѹͬʱɫһȻ
ɫ΢΢һ䡣
ȳ̶ȵķѹǸħԨĽɫħʬûܱȵϡ
ǸɫħʬѾһֻ̤硣
֪ʲôʱ򣬻ʸӺڿնƾոڼ̳Ͽգȫӿɫ棬˫ӣһɫû˼̳ĵ֮С
֮еĻʸǵͨҲ
ʸ֫һŤһ˦һȭͷСĹâû̳Χħ޵֮УʸռһҲһ
ˣ
ȻΪ֮һ𣬼̳·ֳһɫʮǷ󷨽ṹΪӣÿһιâͻħ
󷨵ÿһǶһָߵɫߣӴΧ׵񣬴ʱ棬һööƴСķĸֶ
ͬʱĵǽУðħԴԴϵӿ뷨֮С
УħͻȻһȣ衣
֮еɫȻǴס˼̳ˡ
֮еɫһ˿ΪһƬɫӨɫ֮УСΪɣ˼̳ϵ֮С
ȼܻ棬۾ͨ
𣡡
һŭһλӰͷħӰӵϷĸħӰףצħƣӰֳһǹ
ӰڰƬ̣һ˼̳Ͽյɫ֮С
ʸӺϹͷ֮ϣһޱȵħƻֶ
һ̣һɫͷħзû˰յɫ֮ϡ
ɫ֮дһĺ֮ͬʱɫϼʼϳм伷ѹۡ
ɫŵѾСһ룬ɢĹâҲԽԽ
ʸӺʸǵ˶ָ߾٣֮âյ֮Уƺڲٿʲô
ʱһȥеԽԽСҲԽԽҫۣзĺҲԽԽ졣
ƽ̨֮ϣλҼĿתĿż̳֮ϵΡ
ǰļ۾Űеţ֮лٵĸֳһ˿Ľɫ
ǰһУɫƽȴͬʱҲЩɻ
ħҪⳡʽ϶ʲôֽţΪγٳٲ䶯֣
Ŀһת˼̳֮ϥʮʸҵϵĿ΢΢һ
ֻЩ֮Уǧӱ˫Ŀգ·Ѿ֮УȻڴˣϻٶЩڴĿⲻʱеɫš
ڴ˿̣յɫŷһ¡¡ľ졣
ȻһһǣϹȻš
֮Уһ˶ɫӰһ漴û
ƽ̨֮ϣļɫһ䣬ĿĿɫӰâ˸
ǸѵħĿҲһ䡣
ոɫȻֻһӰѾĿС
Ǹ󶦣ļиֳһ˿ɫ۾ɨ·̳ϵǧӱһ
ˣǧӱǸħԨؾжδʵɫС͸ոһħμΪơ
ӦħģħƳķƷ˲²
˿̣еɫַ˱仯
ɫӰһû֮ɫâƬ֮۳ֻɴСɫĿţС
ɫһ䣬Ȼһս
оոĵ֮ʱз˿ٴθֶ
̳ϿգʸӺɫĿֳ֮쳣
˿дʣ֮мĹâ̴ִ˼֡
ʸӺü֮еħӡһ˰յ֮С
ɫĿ΢΢һ漴ſ
ɫʱ·̨ϡ
ɫסһʸҵĿֻжʮĿϡ
һ䣬Ƭ֮¶һ˿΢΢ʹ֮ɫ
ɫͣƬ̣ܿƿԱߵһϡ
֮ǰĿ۾¶˾ɥɫ
ͣƬ̣ʱڵһʱ΢һ㣬ٴƿ
ԭˣѡġа뵽Ŀ⿴еһ˫ͫͷ
ƽ̨֮ϣ󲿷˶ûмʽʱѡʸˮûôļǰĦ
ʶյνʮѵã˶ԵΪ˷ܡ
ߺŰеɫ˫ͫâ˸ƺʲô⣬Ƭ֮ǵ̾˿ƺЩɺ۾
ҼƽһЩûʲô仯
̳֮ϣɫһڻʸҵһɨͣʱгж̡
ɫһڵĺƿǧӱϡ
ǧӱһƬ֮󣬶ͷ֮ϸֳһɫħƣɢĹâ
ϵɫ˸һ£·Ӧһ㣬֮иֳһЩɫģ֡
ɫ״η˱仯ʸӺʸǵɫһ䣬رǻʸǣ¶־ϲЦݡ
̳ϵһڵϵӵۼ˾ɫһ䣬رǸʸȣɫûƵϣǧӱĿ⣬һ˿ԹͲʡ
ɫǧӱͣһӵʱ䣬ǧӱüһ壬¶һ˿ʹɫͷϵɫħһʧ١
ϵĹ֮еɫ漴Ҳɢ


1424 뾳
֮ƺһ˿ź̾Ϣɫһƶ˻ʸϡ
ʸϲɫһۼɫ˹æ۾
ƽ̨֮ϣĿһ̾˿
ոյΣǧӱƺһᱻɫѡУջźʧ֮ۡ
ڴ˿̣ɫһ䣬ȻһȣһĪ֪Ӻδӿھзɿת
κηͬЩ񵱳ڵħ֮Ѫ֮
ô£ɫ䣬漴̷֣·Ӳһ㣬ƶһָͷҲ
֮бڵůȥĿȨ
Ѫ֮ѵħ죡Ȼܶʶģ˲뵽һܡ
ôˣԱߵת׿˹
ڴ˿̣
ո˻ʸϵɫȻһ漴ɢ
ʸɫһ䣬۾¶Ȼɫ
ɫո壬ûзκ£ôͺȻʧˣ
̳Ͽ֮УɫĿƺӦʲôȻһתڿ̨ɿϡ
һ̣Ŀâһɫٴμתۼͽ¡
̳ϣʸӺ֮ɫһ䣬رǻʸǺǧӱڿɫֵӰǲ˼֮ɫ
˵ȻҲΧ˵Ŀ˹
ʱɽѹ˿޷ɫ֣޷κεķӦ
ͬʱһº͵ůΧɫ͸ڣڱѪ֮һ
߱˴˽ں谭ͬͬͬԴһ㣬Ϊһ壬ڷɿתһ졣
ˣ
ͷɫӡǸֶҲֳһɫħƣգֱۣ쳣졣
ɫȻâţɫĸֶΧγһɫ
ֻڷһ漴׷׵ӿͷǰһڣ˻˹ȥ
ŷһһ̣ʧ١
һıʿƸӣʵֻת۵Ĺ
ʸӺʸǣ̳֮ϵһڻʸҺᣬڳҼϣԵ˿̶ĿɿڴǷӳӰȴѾʧˡ
֮еɫһ󷭹漴ȻƮɢ֮еɫĿҲ֮ʧ١

оԼȫ·ˮ֮һ㣬ůʡ
֪˶ãŻ۾
ܶˡϲһ̧ĿȨȻֻصϡ
һ̣뵽ʲôһ㣬æת׳Χȥ
ǰȴһƬ谵ȻҲֻܿɾ롣
˿ƺһֺɫҺ֮УҺɢ㣬ЩȣƺһҩУůģ˵á
ΧȻһƬڣƺûʲôΣյӣʱ˿
ļǵû֮ǰΣԭѡʴĹ֪ôԼͷϣȻ㱻͵
ħǰ
ɫãһоħĹһˣͨ
һ˺üȴûеõ˿Ӧ

аһ漴һĴܳˮ棬һĿڵĻУϹתŬΧ
ԼȻ͵ʲôط֮Ȼȷһ﾿
Ƭ֮һЩԼӦһжʮɴСԲοռ֮С
Լ֮ǰĵطǴ˴ռһʮɴСˮأֺɫҺ壬֮⣬֮пκĶˡ
ɨǽڣüͷһ塣
һ̽ǽڣ̱һ͵أȻǽ֮ϱʩ˽档
ɫһ̧һָָ⡰͡һһĽɫһŵĴǽ֮С
ͣ
ɫոմǽڴǽ֮϶ʱֳһڹ⣬ס˽Ĵ롣
Ŀһɫݺݴ˺ڹ֮ϡ
žһѿڹ΢΢һ£漴һŵǽ֮С
ߣ
һո֮̽£ǽ֮ϵĽȻΪ̣ʵҪͻƾʲô֮¡
ָһһɫɵֶħħС
ڴʱħȴͻȻվи֣ס֣ѵõ֮أȥ֮󣬿ɾ޷ٽˡ
һͣ֡
ǳˡ˵ɣָʲôɫЩĺħ콻
ǺǣûȺ˵ҲԡҲ⣬֮ǰħʳ֮Уй¶һ˿һϢ̱鷳ħĵ׺ǺЦ
ʲôԼҲӦòµ˰ɡħ컰һ٣漴˵
ĿһϵŭɫĬƬֿ̺ʵ﾿ʲôط
ħڲռ䣬ÿһαħѡеħʶȱ͵˴ڲ˵ʱ֮ǰƬˮҩȪأкôʱޣЩҩȥݰɡħȽһ䣬漴ߴٵ
Ŵ˻Űɵںɫˮرߣһɫĳˮᡣ
ͷתһ̣˽ȥǱ˳صףϥ
зһߣϸֳڹ⣬ȫתڤǾ
һת̸оΧĺɫҺУһɹȵٻ˹֮С
ڵļ⣬ɿЩȻɿǿ
ɫϲԴͻƵ󾳺ǿȣѾܾûй˴Ľˡ
Ҳѹ֣ԭͼΪǿûмĻԵҪڰٳ߸ͷһܡ
һҩԡǻʸöڻǧҩģټħ֮ɵģһҩԡأʹٴͻͽ
ʱȥˮеĺɫԽԽ
ԼĪʱ֮˶ˮеˮӽɫ
صףŨĺڹ֮У
ڴ˿̣ĵ棬ǽ֮ϸֳһڹ⣬ڳص׵ΧȻֳһɫ󷨣һΣʧ١
һᣬ˲˹ǰɫһ䣬Ѿһʯ֮ͨС
֮ͨɢڹ⣬һ·ǰ֪ͨͨδ
վĿ⳯Χȥ
ˣոյҩȪصʱƵģֻдһʱʱһ㱻Զͳˡħĵ׸ֶĵ˵
ĬȻ漴һ壬ϲ֮ķǿɡ
ԭͼΪǿᣬȷڣǿٴδžսҲȭӲˡ
һˣʼĿͶΧ֮ͨϣ漴һ˲һǽڸָצ͡һûʯǽ֮ϡ
ʯ֮Ҳ˺ɫƣ··ֽһ㣬ץơ
һֱӴǽץһʯ
ͨɵģͿȷû뵽С··һ㡣ҼȻܴ࣬ﵽ̶ֳȵĻˡħ̾


1425 ԪѪ
ָеʯʱΪĩ
ħǰոԣħ֮УϵʯмϲѾʵ
ħʳرȻпռ䣬˿֮ħ뾳֮Уħʳħ֮У뾭ĵطħ쵹Ҳû
ƶǶҡҡͷߵʲôطûȤҽ˾ٵֱӺԿˣǻʸӺҵ˴ɣ
ĻʴѡȻѡˣЩͨܣħʴ˿̲֪εŭˡ
ǻʸӺ˿̳֣ԼʵǶԷһ֮ﻹʳ֮ڲ֮ˡ
Сӣģ뾳˱ħѡеˣ˭Ҳ޷ģǻʸӺԼҲһħһЦ˵
οɱ㺦ˣȥ֮󣬻֪˽͡ðѺ·ħʣΪԱֻܰˡ԰һ˵
ʱգȻóħϵħ˿ºͻʸӺҲǧ˿ƵĹϵ
һĺˣڻ˫ͬ壬£Ҳùħ쵭һЦ˵
΢΢鶯һ£û¶ʲôİ֮ɫ
ħ˽ʵûʲôգħµԼǷܶħʲôӰ졣
Ҳ˵뾳ħ˴ĻʴԣһĽ㴩ͨܵһ㳡һԪѪأᴿѪ֮ãｫڵħѪһԺ档˴ԪѪأ̨ｫϵκһһ֮ħħ˵˵ͣȻĻȴһҲûȥ
ôˣħĬһ£ʵ
ûʲôֻǾƺ쳣ϤѵǰﲻɣĿ˵ȻȻߵͨǽԣʯǽ
ǰȷʵħ΢Ĵ
ħĻشмԤϣûбֳʲô֮ɫֻ΢΢ü֮ǰ˵Ӧȫģѵ𣿶ҵҶԻܸоЩŤ
УҵĴڲħӦħĬһ£˵
Ŵ˻ĬȻƬ̣ħǰǲѻˣѾ˼ӦͼıɡҪҰæҲԣһ˵ΪУȻһЩ飬Ҫһǰʲô֪ȫİ£ǲܵģҿɲ뵱ӣͷô֪
Ļ˵
ħŴ˻ҲûͨʯţƺѾʼ붨
ðɣҽһش⣬ԵģҲҪħһ¡֮ħ̾˿˵
ԡһ£һЦĵ˵ͷ
ħһû˵ƺڵȴʡ
Ѫ֮ȻħͻʸҾʲôϵƬ̣ʳ˵һ⡣
ҵıʸ죬һħ֮ӣͻʸӺ˵ֵܡħûʲôԥĮȻ˵
üһȻ֮ǰѾԼµһЩŴ˻һ
ڶ⣬Ĵ½֮׺ħԨֵֻ֣֮ʲô⣬ÿһޱȣ˺ܾãʳ˵ڶ
Ҳоôʣǰѯħ죬ûеõ𰸡
һڹħĹħܡħԥһ£ش
ʲô𰸣Ǹħܽʲô֣ʲô˸ۣЩ˵
ǵ𣿡ħ쵭Цһʵ
һԥƬ̣ûпѯʡ
λᣬҪʣ˷ᡣ
ðɣոյˡҵĵǣܽħżȻʱҪزμε֮ʱ±֪˰ɣĿľʲôص˵
ħ⣬ĬƬ̣ĵĵ𣺡˵ˣ֮һ仰ҪӻʸӺûرҵĶ
ɫһ䣬֮¶˸ӵɫ
ҪʲôѵӻʸӺжħ֮λЩ𾪡
ħҪλ鷳ˣڵʵóóȻȻΪУûʤ㡣
ѾȫشˣҲĳŵˡȻҩʱƣ뾳ʱԽ뿪֮ΣվԽ󡣡ħȴûлشʣֻǵ˵
Ŵ˻ɫһ䣬΢һ󣬺ܿվͨǰȥ
ʯͨҿֻһ·һӺߵͨͷǰһ㳡
㳡֮ϵɸߵѪɫʯнٿ֮࣬£ʵ̺ĳֹɣƺһͷ
ÿһѪɫʯ֮¶һֱ۴ϸѪɫ·Ź㳡봦Ѷȥ
㳡һˮأˮ֮гһѪһŨҺ壬ŨѪѪɫ·˹ӵѪ֮С
顭ڵѪˮϷţѪɫڱ滷ƣͬһߡ
ո˵ĴԪѪأ˫΢Уͨħ콻
ֱѪؾУѪ̺֮ѪԪ֮ԶڵħѪǡİɣ뾳֮УûκΣյģʴ͵ˣΪǿǵʵȷܹʤħ֮λħ˽͵
ԣĿЩ˸
֮ǰ˵ԽͨаĺôѵָĿʵ
㲻ҪСԪѪأǴħһħ֮˵Ч֮󣬷κεҩ֮ҵġħٺһЦ˵
üһû˵аħ컰͸¶Ϣ
Сֻһħ֮Ѫֻǰħ壬ԪѪصĴħѪܹպͨʱҲϲ١ħٴ
ɫһ仯ħ˻ƺ˵ѡ
ô𣿡վѪԱߣǰѪ˵
ǷģһԾ֪ˡˣֻħҲ̺ħѪ㲻ҲһȥôҲСѪԲСĿͷˡħٺһЦ漴ѵ
Ŵ˻ɫһ漴˵ͷ
ڻ«һź˳Ыͷɶ
ħ˵ֻħ˵һ飬ЫͷɶǰѪأж¶˿֮ɫɫУһЩη塣
ˣԸȥЫ˿ƺĳ־һ㣬˵
ʵԽԽǿõֻħʱԽԽ٣ЫȻһֱڻ«пޣﵽڲã磬ʵĻᣬȻŹ


1426 
ˣҲԸ⡣ɶ״æҲ˵
ʵЫһ㣬ھ磬һֱܲȻŹǧѷĻᡣ
ǺãǾһȥɡһЦ϶ʱһ°סЫͷɶѪ֮С
𡭡
˷һѪ֮Уˮķһĺƺĳ޵ĺУ顣
ţѪɫ߱һ㣬ֱӿ˹ϡ
֮֮ⱻһѪɫͬѪɫϼ룬ѪɫԴԴϵĳϼ˹ʹòϼɫԽԽ
ܿ죬ЫͷɶѪɫϼֹͣ˱仯Ѫش󲿷ʼһ˻˹ȥ
Ѫɫϼ֮Уϥ˫Ŀա
һ˿˿ѪɫӲϼ֮зɳ֮У͸Ƥ⣬뵽ľ
΢΢ЩѪɫ֮һСʹޱȡ
ʹȻܹܣħԣܸоԼڵħѪ֮ڲϵıǿﵽĳ
ʱһȥһһҹ֮󣬷ɶѪɫϼȻѣ̹һһɫͯӴ
˿̵ķɶƺ֮ǰһЩѾһ߰ģ̹ţһȦȦȵķ˷ӿȥһ޴ħͷ̹֮л۳Σɢѹǰǿֹ
ɶΪȻͻڣﵽڵľ硣
¶ϲɫһľ޴ħͷ֮Ϸһ˻ͷ̷â֮£һܼġۡ졣
һѵ̷·һ㼤缲һ㣬˹㳡һǽڡ
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ǽ֮ϸֳһɫƹâȻסɫ˿ĹҲ
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Ȼкɫ赲ǽ֮ϻǸֳ䳲һĺڵ㡣
ɶ¶ɫҫ۵̹⻺ħͷҲ֮ûڡ
һѪظһѪɫʯ֮ϣĿ⿴Ѫ֮еЫѪ룬Ⱥ
ʱֹ˴Լһӣš顱һ죬ЫѪɫϼҲһѿһӰѪ˿гڰա
Ы˿ɢǿҵĺڹ⣬ȴǲƬƣɫ˿趯壬ܿɫ϶¶Щ𪼡
ڹ֮Уһ޴ɫЫ֣һǿѹӿѹȻﵽڵľ硣
˿̣վѪɫʯ֮ϵķɶԭЩϲ飬ڸӦЫѹ֮󣬶ʱһͣЩյֹ˼
֮УЫӴĺڹ⽥ɢԼһۣ漴һѪɫʯϵķɶɫһ䣬һָһ
һâһ㵽˷ɶǰ
ɶƺûзӦȵâǰŹֽһſһ̹⣬ǰ۳һɫĻ
ڹɫĻ֮ϣžડһ죬źâڽɢɫĻҲ֮ѿһɷ𵴳Χɢ
ɶֽһ𵴴˳ȥɳɾס塣
ЫʲôɶЩŭ
˿ЫѾԱߣѾһɫɴ£ס塣
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˵ʲôЫŴԣɫЩǺ죬Щŭ˵
ɶӣЫʵ֮ϣģֹ˼תͷȥ
Ыݺݵĵ˷ɶһۣĿһתѪ֮еˮһĹâ˸ϻһ˿΢΢ĺΡ
Ѫ֮УѪɫԾԴԴϵӿѪɫϼ룬ʱѪɫϼѾǴɴСӿѪɫԷ·޵׶һ߲ܣ˽ȥ
ֻħôػһԣֹһʱʮɾ޴Ѫɫϼֹͣɡ
꣡
ϼ֮ѿһ϶Ѹӣ漴Ѫɫϼͬ군ǰмһΪ֮顱ķ׷ɢһƬѪꡣ
һӵӰѪиֶ
˿ȴЩȫ¸ֳһܼѪɫħƣ·ѪҺһϲתš
ͻȻͺ֮
ħȻɢһ⣬漴ɿĳĶͷȥ
֮ħƾʧü֮ȴֳһڹħӡǡ
ħӡǵ·ǰȣ֪˶ٱһɫħ̸֯һɢڹ⡣
˿ɫȴЩֻüĴ·һʹԺ֮з·һʹࡣ
õģħѪ֮ǿˣЩӦһʱܿͺˡħֶ
Ƭ̣Ȼʶеʹɿȥȡ֮һֺȻĳ֮С
ܸоĵڵħѪ֮ǰŨֹſڱǵĺħǿڵķȻûӶ٣ǵȴǸ硣
ˣ
ֻ֮ͫкķɫ⣬ͫȻʵʵ߳Ϲ⡣
ħͫͨѪ֮ǿﵽԲľ硣
ת׳Χȥ漴Ŀͣ˹㳡ǰһͨһƬʲôҲ
оɫɿãȻ͸ͨһɫʯ̨Ұ֮Уʯ̨ĵһƬ֮أɫҽʱðݡ
Ȼپ룬ϰأһж·һ㡣
ˣ
ڴʱһѣϹɢǰľɫֻصѪЫͷɶ˹䵽ǰ
Ыɶ
Ŀͷħϣ̸ӦΪһ㡣
̫ˣѪȷʵҲв棡Щϲ˵
ˣҸоѪ֮ǿ˺ܶ࣬ħٶҲ˲١Ыһڵķ˵
֪Ƿ֮ǰɶ٩ԵʣЫɫɺ˵ģͬһ͸ƻһ㡣
ҲǣҵΪ۷ܽٹ˶ãҲͻƵڵġɶЫһۣЩؽɴ˵
Цŵ˵ͷһɳѪأһԵĿյϡ
ʱѪأҲ·˴ɫð˺ܶ࣬ɢҲϡޱȡ
ڴʱһ˼˵ע⡣
ЩǴѪΧһѪɫʯдģһѪӾʯŵϵ·עѪ֮С


1427 
Ѫ֮УĹâѪƺָЩ
Ŀһ漴¶һ˿ɫĿ⳯Χȥ
Ѫظת֮£ʼѪеǲ֪Ѫظ󷨽ԶģǱ˰ġ
õģѪؽԶģ뾳ڳǣ˵ġħֶ
ɫ΢΢һɣûг¾䣬ҲûмѪضɶЫս«֮󣬼ǰǰ
ǰĵ·ոѾˣ㳡һͨһʯ̨֮ϡ
ʯ̨Χȹ̵ҽϷУɢޱȵĸ£Ҳ˿ģ
ʯ̨֮ϺȻһɸߵ¯״ͺ«Щƣ²¯ϿĸԲεĿܿ˿˿ɫĻ档
ǣ𣿡Ŀ⿴¯еİɫ棬˵
Ǵֻ֮УĻ棬ñ׵֮еľס
ͨܣܹҲֻ̫ʱڻԹĴ֮ʿ
Ļ˵߼Ļ棬ױȵЧᴿԪҲ벻Ч
ڴ˵֮ˣֻһЩʱĵ伮ἰѡ
֮ǰ˵̨ղŵ˼ﾫһеľȣʯ̨ϵ¯ͨħ콻
˴¯һħıλħʾͨ죬һλͨ쳹صʦǰһֳ̣ͨһ˿뵽¯֮Уʹô¯ٴεõһԡ֮󣬴¯㱻뾳ڣʴ˴ԻλħʵһζݣǾǿλʦΪһħ֮¶һ˿⡣
Ŵԣ¶ȵɫд˵£ҪôλħǰæƷ
ֻҪƷĲϷʯ̨ϾͿˣ¯ԶΪƳһħ˵
λħʵŽʴ˵صʱ򣬻׼òϣλᣬƳһϧ˷Щִ٣δ׼㹻ϣЩ˷ˡδڣħֲЩź
ʹ¯޸Ѿٵķ𣿡Ŀʵָϵֽ䡣
ٵķ޸ǸǬ׻ħһ漴׵롣
ص
ҪǴ¯湦ЧĻȻԥѡ޸Ǭ׻ˣ˱ܸԭ̺ľ֮󣬼ͨڣҪɵ֡
Ȼ¯Ҳ޸뷨ǲܵģǬ׻ɱ¯ҪĶˣλħʸҲҪ̾ˡħЩ̾Ϣ˵
ҳˣǿʹ¯ǿ𣿡ƺϣû̫ʧ䣬ʵ
û⣬¯ޱȣֻҪȡһЩʯ̨֮ϣ¯ԶҪЩϡˣҪǿʲôħ첻ʵ
һû˵һ֣һɫʯʯ̨֮ϣɢĿ⣬֮ǰħԨؾеõħ
ȻӶһģʯһһʯ̨֮ϡ
漴һ䣬һսҸֶһɳʯ̨֮ϣ֮УһŽɫԲתͣս衣
Ҫǿһ½裬⵹ҲǸ뷨ʵǽȻҲǷȷʵЩˡħЩ˵
΢΢һЦǿ軹һԭǾǻ½
ѾʼĽûλԵҲ취ս
ʯ̨ǰ¯һ񡣡ħͻȻ˵
üһ΢һԥħҪʯ̨֮ǰ򵹣ǰ¯һ
¡
¯һ㣬Ȼһ£Ƭϼ¯֮ӿ˳סǰʯ̨ϵĽ裬ɫĵȶ
ϼ֮иֳһ˿˿ӨĹ˿˽軹ϡ
ϼɾأս裬ħ𣬻Ϸ׷׾
¯ĶǴ򿪣Щη˽ȥһû󣬶漴̸Ǻá
¡¡
¯дһ֮ɫڸֶ
ɫһϲվḧʯ̨ʣ
¯ȻħԣȻͨˣ·һʦвٿһ㡣
ħǰҪ೤ʱ䣿漴һ⡣
öãʱ㹻ˡħЩ˵
һ˿ɫ漴Ȼ
ħӳС֮ʱڶ̶ʱڣͨԼļʹƷ״ԼĽ֮ԼĽںϣɼϵȻǷ켫
ħ֮ȴλħȱƳ籸ɼ˵裬ԶԶԼˣټ¯֮пռ֮ȣǼƷ취ͨ飬һȻڻˡ
뵽ɴ¯ԱϥڴѪ֮
ʱתۼ¯ͻȻһХ漴׳ʣƬĽɫϼȲϯڶ¯Χһɫ滨ÿһ滨ĻȻһƵĽɫ
̴о˹վǰ
䣡
¯ĶǴ򿪣һŰ͸ԲȽȽɳ
ɫһȻģı伫󣬵ͨϵȷϴսɡ
֮ʱ輸Χ֮УϢΧ׷׻˹˽֮С
ףӾȻ֮ãħһЩ֮󣬾ȻһƷĶ취ħЩȡ
һ֣սһģϡ
ħ緢ս˿̵ĵȼ֮ȷʵһĿռ䣬Ѿ׵˰ƷĶ취
еĽ裬¶˿ϲ֮ɫ
û뵽¯Ȼһ򵥵ƣȻͽսĵȼ˶취ĲΡ
һִһ
սһģΪһ͸ķɽ漴ʧ١
һ̣ǰ֮УһģӰһ
ͣ
֮жʱһɫĿռѷ죬ռѷβ˺̨Զһǽ֮ϡ
¡
һ죬ǽڶʱըһʮɴСĴ󶴣̨ĿռҲƬ̣ȹ
ɫɫһǰһսٴθֶ͸ɢӯӯĹâ
ҡҡͷɫƽ
ս֮󣬽֮ڳΪƷ취ϲ˵ȫ֮ǰԤơ


1428 ħ
ɽɵһĹԷҪ취ĲΣ͵ķҪࡣһɣĹټԴĿռ֮Ժ׵Ļƿռ䣬ܽΪֲħ˵
һеĿϲѹȥ漴зһս˽֮С
սټϻ½һɱֶˡ
лϲɫɫһ࣬¯һ
ԭûʲôо˿̵ǲһ˿øС
λȱħ䣬ߵҲ߰ɣǰȥħˣħ˵
ʰ̬漴Խ̨ǰ
ǰȴͨˣһСΧǵİɫϼƣ·һ㡣
Ŀ΢ʶɢΧκζ
С·쳣ĳûշУƾ˫ߣٶҲ죬˰ʱ˾ͷ
ǰʱһƻֺľ޴ãΧƬƬϼ·ھ֮ϡ
öһҶдħ֡
Χ˿ҡҡͷﻹʲôħ±ɵҪ༸ˡ
ħųһޱȵӳС
֮Ϊտ߸һ֧ŵɫӣһ̳ģĶڷһſ㰸
㰸һɸߵӵ񣬽üĿ鶯֮·һվ
һɫۣһֱֻһֻǰһƴСɫС̧ۿ죬ɢһɹ°֮Ϣ
֮⣬طûʲôˡ
վڵ⣬ϸ˺һᣬ̧̤š
¡
ոս̺Ȼ£һ졣
ɫ䣬ϺڹţҪڴ˿̣֮еĺӵĿâһɢһӴ֮ѹͷѹ
أ
˾Ȼѹ˵ϣ㰸֮ǰ
һɹıϢ͸ڣĴ
õģбλħʵһʶ̽ǷлʸҵѪ֮ħи֣ͬʱһůٴθֶľ֮УħٴνѪ֮ڡ
ǹɱϢƬ̣˳ȥɢǿѹҲɢ˿
ɫӵеĹâܿɢеɫСصһǰ㰸֮ϡ
ֻһɣվЩɻĿǰɫСȻ֮ǰħӰ״һģһ
ѵСħͨħ콻
Ȼǣħڴ˵һͶӰˡħЩ
ȸħ֮񣬽㡣ħ΢΢ͣһ£˵
Ŀһ˵ͷ˹ȥ㰸Եȡϸ㣬ȼ֮󣬶źɫӵߵ漴һ¯֮С
ոЩ㰸ϵɫСзɫϼ⣬ɿĽ֯£һɫǰչ
ǰ棬ȻдʮһǻʸӺ
ۼ˾ɫ΢΢һ䡣
ЩֶħʣñѪԼҲ¼֮ϡħ˵Щ˷ܡ
üͷһ壬ǰôҲһԼ֮Ķ˭ֿ֪ȥʲô
İɣֻħʽһʲôԼħ͵
ħǰ㻹ǽĿϸ˵һ°ɣ˸񣬿޷ľİ¡Ŀһ˵
ðɣʵҲȫ飬Ϊͨܶ籩һȻʵͨ귽Щ˲֪ͨҪϲ٣֪Խ࣬Խп¶šħ̾˿˵
üһû˵
ǰᣬֽħߣֿȥ֮պǼ̳ħ֮λܹƾħȻʸӺܽħ֮λ㣬ӦѾħҵĽƣȥ֮뷽跨ڴ˴ӡħ͵
Ŷħǰ飬ѵǽֿ¼ħ϶ѣħʻԼ֣ɫʱһɣ漴ʵ
Ȼǣֻһӣ¼֮󣬱ܺħ߽һ˿ϵҪҽҵıӡҲ档ħһ˿⣬˵
ıӡǣüͷһ
ͷ˵֪ˡħЩɻ󣬿˵
΢΢˸ħлϸһ飬оûʲô֮ǵ˵ͷָһһѪָ⼤ɫ֮ϡ
ָ軭ѪΪ壬һӡ˷ħ֮ϡ
ˣ
ħ֮ϸֳһɫΣ漴һϹзɳûü֮С
ɫһ̸о˲ͬħߣħռ䣬ƺĳ޵ϵ
ħ߹âһҪɫС֮С
÷ǣסħߣɻȥħȻͬʱڹâһһɻҰɫĹâΪҰɫϸ˿ס˷ħߡ
ħˡ
ħϺĸֳһɫ绡Ŀҫۣױ㽫Ұɫϸ˿ϣΪ̡
Ž׷ħһ漴Щܻŭ
ɫ΢䣬һ̧һڹɳڰлΪɫ֣ס˷ħߡ
֮
ħ֮ϵɫ绡ĺڹ⣬ƺ޿κΣȻҲܹһЩ˺ԴԴϵĴ֮£֮ҲɿĻָ㽫ħסˡ
ɵúãħ˷ܵĴһһŨҰ֮ڹð
ĿһҰ֮УȻһȭͷСĺڰʯǻ챮
챮һŷħ߷ȥƺҪħ֮С
žžҶ֮
ħƺӦʲôɫ绡ţȻһɫ׵磬챮档
챮Ҳֳ֮˴Ŀĺڰɫâ׵硣
üͷ壬ħ֮ϵɫâ۳鶯ĵߣŷħߵĺɫҲ˺ܴˡ
֮УɫֱĺɫɿɢԽԽϸ
ɫȻһͺһּĺڹ̴ִһ࣬ɫֹâһǴ˼֡
ڴʱͳͬʱָһһѪ˺ɫ֮УֱһѪɫֵסɫ绡Ϯ
һѣƿϵ磬ҾܵĲҪŪ̫Ķħ
챮ȻɢԽԽĹâʼɫ绡ûа취ħƺʩչ̫ľٶ˿̲ٿػ챮ҲԵС


1429 ֱħ
ħԣɫ΢䣬Щѡ
ħ߱渡ֳЩɫ绡һ֪ĳּΪ׵֮챮׵ֵǿƽģ
΢һƺ뵽˺ôĿһһת˰زлǬ׻ĲƬ
ִһ뵽˲л֮С
л֮Ϸ𵭵âֶĳɫȥ
ͣ
л۶޷棬ȴ׵Ĵɫ׵֮С
֮϶ʱһĿɫ绡Ųл֮вƻ۹ȥһ׻Ƭͬţ뺣һ㣬ȫ˲лɵһɶ
һȻɫ׵翴ǿ޵׶һǬ׻л֮£ԽԽڼ֮󣬡žડһʹѿɢ
׻˶ɫ绡󣬱ȴ˿ɫҲޣһе˻ȥ
ɵĺã
ħϲĺһ챮âţ漴ɿСΪһڰ׹âһŵķ˷ħ֮С
ħ֮ϸֳһССʯͼ漴ûʧˡ
ˣſɡ
ħЩƣƺոյľٶԪһ㡣
һ֣ɢеĺڹ⡣
ħϷһϹ⣬һķɫС֮С
ɫС㰸֮Ϸٴ˳ħʵĵУͬδ뿪ԭһ㡣
ˣ
Χĵ֮ϣȻϹţֳһɫǿҵĹâס塣
ͻὫ㴫ͳ뾳ʱˣǻʸӺ˶ȻѯΪλħ㵽ʱҧ˵ԼҲȫ֪ˣǲὫôġħƺʮƣԽԽС˵һ仰󣬱㳹׳ȥ
ʲôɫһ漴¶ŭ֮ɫ
ħ֮ǰ˵ѾӦħʵĶԲߣȻôƮƮһ仰
вŭգħ죬ͷѾǰâһѾӴ֮ʧ١
ĵ̳֮ϣͻȻһŤռˮһ㵴һˮͰɫƾոֶɢɫϼ⣬ʹΪ֮һ
Ƭ֮Ϲ⽥һӰ˳
һӷ߳;ΧɨһȦȻԤϣȻһ
˿̵Ĵ֮УԭԹѲӰֻһĸߴ۽ڵӣԼվڼ̳롣
ħʣ
ɫ΢䣬ͣסΣڷ˲䱻ת¡
ʸӺתһ˫ϹտȻĿһɨһ˿ɫһţžϿϲ
Ǿþλħ½ҵʵƶˣֻһۣ͸һֲŭĸо
ͷתħĻ˲両
ڴ˿̣ʸӺ͵һһɿֲ֮ǿѹת˲ǵصΧڵĿռ䡣
ֻȻһΧԭĿգۼŨͬڿҪ̵ĽҺһ㣬һָͷ쳣
ɫ䣬ȻѴħ֪ħʵΪֱ˿̣ĸܵĿֲϢ
ѹֻħԨؾҵλʬϸܹ
һ̣еͺһüĴڹһڵħӡȻֳ֣֮µĺɫħƺ͹棬ڹǽҲһϸܵı죬ʹ˲һء
˲ħԭŨصĿڽĿϢһ壬̱ſĿռ䣬ʱȫһɣҲΪ֮һ
ʸӺüͷ΢壬ĿüĴħӡ֮ϣһ˿֮ɫ
漴΢΢һ̣¶һ˿Цݣһ̧ǰ赭дһץ
֮Ϲţתۼǰ۳һֻͨ岼ɫħƣаɴСӰһȥ
һɻذĿֲѹӴħ֮ɢĿռ䶼Ϊ֮һζ
ɫ䣬ȴŶңһʮƹƵԲзâ֮£ɿ컯ΪһɵľͶƣתͣĵǰ
ȻողϣɫѺݺݵ˻ɫϡ
һ޴ĺ
ɽĶƱƹҲֳ̳֧״̬Ƶıһץ̱ǵ˷
ɫȻһдʣʮɽâţƱĺɫһȻֳһɫˮ⣬һǿķ֮Ϯеɫצһӵ˳
аһʮŶɽѹ׵ıȻûʧ
ǻûһɫצַ仯
צ֮Ϲţʮɳצâֶ͵һץһ½Ʊ淺ĺɫˮơ
ħצݺץ˶֮ϣĽ꽻֮
ɽĶϱƹ˲伸ȫɢԭʵ֮Ķƣ֮õɫצҲԵıðһЩ
鼱֮£һ麣֮еĺڰ浤ȻâţؿڴȻһȣӡɫâһת
ֱ֮ϸֳ˴Ŀɫ绡һ꣬ɫ绡һ۶ȥΪһɫ׵ɵߣɫצ
ʱɫâɫצȻһŴĿɫâС
׶ħ幦֮ͬСɣϱɫ׹ʱըľɢɡ
֮󣬰еɫâɢɫצʧӰ١
ɫһףȻǿһһͷų֮ľףڲľѾɣʸӺ±޷ֵˡ
סȻ׷ȻǳˡʸӺɢȥϵĹâȻûм֣һһ˵
лħʴ顣˿ϵĺɫħˣ˺ָܿƽ״̬ŻʸӺһ
ǰɣʴ˵㲻飬㵨ӲСһӱסʸӺǵ˵ţͻȻâһ˿˿ɭɱɢ˳
ħʴˣйش¡һݣæ˵
ߣضѴˣѾһж˱ʡȻӱѾ˷֮ʵʿҲǸ˲ţʹӱ֮ҲԣǶ˱Ϊ£׸һʸҰɡʸӺĻɡ
һû˵ƺĬ˴˻һ㡣
Ҳۣ㣬һʸкιϵΪħѡһλʴʸӺĿ絶
ħʱ£йش£ʵҲͿĺܣҺúҪĦһǧѷѡʽ֪ô㱻ϹסȻ󱻴͵һؾ֮У⼸Һòײҵ취뿪װһ漴ɫЩ㷲˵
ʸӺɫĮȻĿ۾Ҫ͸˫ۣ
ԻʸӺӵĿ⣬Щȴ̹Ȼȫûбֳ˵ѵĺۼ


1430 
ħһʸҵͨѡĻʴȻӵһʸҵֱϵѪף㾿ʵĽʸӺüͷ΢壬ʵ
ħʴˣΪݵҼʵħ½֮ˣһλħǰ½ĺᡭ΢һԥ½ҵǰ˵Ƿ˵ǣ˵һ顣
ʸӺĻ¶˼飬û˵
ħʴˣĳŻʴѡħʴˡãĹһ
ߣ֮ʧѾУȻѾ˴δѡЧҲһʸʧʸӺһ˵
һͣûнӻ
ˣӱδӱķϣұҼ˷һʴѡӽʳǡһ֮󣬱ʳǾŸϸսѾڴս֮¹ͣұʸӺ˵
ǡĿ΢ȭӦһ
ˣȥɡʸӺ˰ֶ֣ٿ
Ӧһ첽˳ˈĵ
ߺŵһĵУֻʣħһפŵŷ˿Ҳޣ֪Щʲô
ôӵĻмֿţʸӺĿ˵
ԹˣȻϿκζߣЩ΢й¶˵ϸҹƣ˵ĿɶǼٻʸӺϢķһһɫӰƾոֶȫ˺֮Уݣһд
ӰɢϢȻҲһʵͨܡ
ʸӺһЦתɫӰ
籩гѾռ쳤ˡʸӺ˵
ȻѾС⣬Ϊβֽ֮£ӰûΪʸӺͶˣһĮ
ӵձħߣұӦϵϢͻʸǳơʸӺĿ΢˵
ʲôȷ𣿡Ӱһ
ԭһЩȷոħ֮ʱͷֳħӡǣͻʸ쾹߳ơĻӼֿܱǻʸֱϵᣬѪʶΪҲϳˣԲŻᱻħѡеġʸӺɫһ˵
ȻˣΪλҪȥӰƺЩ벻ͨ
ȻϾӱ˷֮ʵ˵ӱƺҲûиоҵǷӱĸ࣬Ϊӱɣһʸô伣ں¶ЩߣǾʹץҪҵʸ죬͸ˡʸӺ̾˿漴һ˵
ıԶǡӰ˵
Ȼǳڻʸ⣬㰵мһǸҳʸټǷִǻʸĺᣬʱ㡣ʸӺ˵
ǡӰӦһӰһʧ١
ʸӺֶ˴ǰ¶һ˿Ц漴ƺʲôһӣһϹзɳǰֳһһ˶ߵɫ󶦣Ȼħ
ʸӺִһ֮϶ʱһϹתֳһɫĻ棬Ƿħߣβ˺Ȼд֡
ʸӺâһϹ⣬֮ϡ
Ϲâ˸֮⣬Ҳûʾ쳣
ʸӺɫһɣ漴ſһɫ棬ס˷ħβ˵֣ȼ
ɫ֮Уƺɫð
ʸӺһ˿֮ɫ漴ִһɫɫһͬΪһϹ⣬塣
ʸӺӰ漴Ҳһģʧ١

뿪ˈĵһΪһڹ⣬Żʳɶݶȥ
ʹΣ·뿪˴˵أƬ֮γ԰֮С
԰У˿û˴ǰϦе԰Ӿĵģʲô˵ӡ
һҾסСԺ֮С
ǡǼˣ
һ£һ˳ϲĽһҵҲѶ׷ӿ˳
˼¶ϲ֮ɫ
Ѿգ⼸յȥˣһϢҲûУֻڴ˿ȡü˵
⼸ʱм뿪һ£ϵ˶ڣ˿˵
ħ飬Ȼˡ
һһ˶ʱĹǣв̤ʵ
ͺã⼸ҵ˶Ѿ뿪ʲôʱ뿪ʳǣؼȥʵ
ʳȻ⼸˴ջͬʱҲʳɲеЩԶԶ̤ʵңһϽصȥ
λҪ˵£֮ҪǰȥѾʱ޷ؼȥˡҽｻĳϣ񡣡˵ţһɫһö𣬿зԸ
ⴢ֮ǰħԨȵ޵һЩŵرҵķչȡģƻб䣬ҷչ죬ǰȡˡ
ŴԣЩ
Ȼҹ׼󣬵ִ󲿷ʱ䶼еϰߣҲʵЩ
ԸæӹдӦһ
ȥ·Ȼ̫ʲôΣգҴöħ˷Լӳַʱ䷢ӳ󾳵ʵзޣֻʩչΣҪϧʹáַȡһöҰɫķݸ
лϲӹ˷һ
˶ĽĿ𣬲ʵǿ֮ˣҲû˼ʡ
ˣתģǰս㲻ɳٲμˣԻ˵漴ֶ
ǵģһתĳϡͷ
ָ˼˱뿪԰Żʳ֮ɶݶȥ
һ뿪Ӱħһ·֮Ӧˡ
漴ת׿˻ʹƬ֮ҡҡͷһε䵽ķ֮Уءһ˴š
⼸һֱҪúϢһˡ

ʱ˿̣ħʹĳؾ
˴ɽˮ紺ɫֲݿɽ£ɫ
ɽͻУһԲǧĶĺƽ羵ƾһɫİ˽ǹ۾ͤǻʸǿٵؾ
˿̣ǧӱͻʸԶƷŲˮ
λʴѡȻ⣬˳ˣҺܿͻᱻƽϨˡӱⶼˮҵĶСʸǷеĲ豭ȻЦĿǧӱ


1431 ս
ǧӱ˿һɫɴ£ȻüĨ˿üɢֵ֮ɫ
ʸǸоǧӱϵ⣬ü΢塣
ʦҵʱֻ˳Ϊ֮ߣûҪǧӱϵЦݶʱһɫ΢䣬˵
ʸԣӿһΣ̾˿
ڴ˿̣üһִһϹ⣬ǰѿһ϶һɫ˳С
ʸʶ̽˷֮Уɫɵһ䡣
ʦ𣬷˺£ǧӱЩʵ
Ǹոմ뾳гˡʸ˴˵
ǧӱһ漴
ߣǳôӣǸ˿϶򵥾ͷŹɡǧӱĵ˵
ûλʴѡʧܣʧ棬ħʴ棬ʸһ˿Ц⣬˵
ǧӱԣϵ֮ɫһָֻµӡ
ҵʵǧӱħԨؾѾܹ˫սȻΣա
ǧӱɫ仯ȻӲһֱעĻʸǵ۾һЦ˵ʦҲһųһ跨ľ֮СӱҲ׼ս
ǧӱŴԣ΢΢һһ˫ʸǡ
Ϊʦ˾ٲѪһΪҲڣսһͻƺƿв档һ棬ħʴ˼ѴӦĻ£ֻҪսΪ˫ް£Գô˻ᣬҲԶӴһ¡ʸǵһЦ˵
˭Ҫ޸Ǹǧӱɫ΢죬ߵ
ӱĪҪԣ弫ħԪʧ޷˺ϼ˫ޣʱȥС𺦣Ӧøоˡʸ̾˿˵
ǧӱɫһɢ̬֮ǰǴûй
ɫһãԴƺĬ˴¡
ӱ׾ͺáʸסǧӱ֣ģ¶ɫ
ǧӱɫ΢죬û˵
һ⣬ϴΪ뿪ʹħԨؾħʴ˴ΪŭѾԸû׼Ͻٴοħʹˣʸǿǧӱ˵
ߣҪܣǧӱԣü΢˵
ʸЦκҴսȻΣգ͸ߣرֻҪħʴ˽һ£һͬġ
ǧӱŴ˻ޱվҧԼ촽һԡ
ʸǴȰĿǧӱһֽ§뻳УɵӣϾǸŮʲô˵أ㸸ʿʮֹģĸ׵飬ȷʵħʴˡ
ҲûΪĸҲᡭǧӱ뵽ʲôȦһ졣
ʸǿ̾һᱧǧӱаοԺӣܵ꾿ΣҪסܽûԹ޹ħʴˡ
ǧӱɫһã˻ʸǵĻҧҧԼ촽ݺݵһţΪһɫݹ⣬һʧããȺɽС
ǧӱȥıӰʸɫһòú̾һ

ħʹһƫУ˴ǻʸӺƽմ֮˵ؿҲûʲôݻĽطغܶࡣ
Ҳûʲô˿أִ쳣
ڴ˿̣һɫԶɶݶƫǰһյ֮ϣֳǧӱӰ
ǧӱŴ֮ڣ¶һ˿ԥɫƬ֮ñҧº촽߽˴
֮ھĵģռĴǧӱȥת˼䣬һ鷿ǰ
鷿֮УʸӺдʲô̧ͷǧӱӰһ漴¶һ˿ϲɫ
ӱԸˣʸӺȻվ˳
ǧӱƽϽȻͬĸף΢΢һȣûʲô顣
ӶһʱôҲŲ˿ڡ
ӱ֪㻹Ϊ¹ңҲʲôȷʵΪܣĸױ°ߡħʼǧӱһɫһڵ
ħԨĵھŲ㣬ܵץĸ׵ʱĿռϢǧӱ۾΢죬˵
ʸӺŴ˻ɫ΢䣬漴һ˿ɫ
ȥѰһܶģһգҶȻȥҵĸףġʸӺйâһֱǧӱһһٵ˵
Ҳ̸ҵս£ҲμӡǧӱƿĿ⣬һת˵
УʸӺŴ˻ɫһ䣬һۣشն
ҺܿҪڣ˴ʵսһ£кܴʦһȥģرʲôΣյġο˴ƽѱǻʸˣǰȥӻʳŷǧӱȻתͷĿⶢŻʸӺֵ
ǧӱļħһ㶣ҽҲһԼʸӺĿһת˲뵽ʲôϸһ˿Ц⣬ڵҪȥҲǲԣ뱣֤һҪߣж
ǧӱ֮һϲѵõĵ֪ġллл㡭
ʸӺҲΪ֮һ㶣һϲ˵ʲôǧӱѾת첽뿪˴
ʸӺǧӱȥӰ̾˿¶һ˿ӵɫ
ͬʱħʹһװ㾫µĹУһ۵ںһλŵ˵Ż
òţȻǻʸӺ֮ӻʸȣ˿ɫЩ
ǻʸӺĴ֮׵Ļʸռ졣
ռ쳤ϣǸڻʴѡʱҺµ˵ı𣿡ʸȿߣʵ
ʸˮڻӻŮУԼʻΪߣԴ˴εĻʴѡʽǳڴΪʮþ֮£ȴϵڹؼʱ⡣
ƻԼµˣȻǺ֮ǡ
ȻӾܷģϷѾˡ˽󾳺ΪԭֻǲһСļңǨȪݣɽ°˱ûʲôر𣬲֪ΪӱƺԴм⣬ħʴҲӦ֮⡣ʸռĿһмɻ
ԻʸռĴ𰸣ʸҲмֲ⣬뵽ĵзϵвһ̲סվڴ
ԣһ۰ӱôܴӦ޸һСҵļʸüͷ壬
ŴǻʸģǸȻΪֻڣʵȴΪǿᡣҴһϢڻ֪٣ӱƺԪʧ¾Ϊʸռ˵
棡ӱ弫ħʧȥԪ˫ޣѹڷɡˣֻҪǸʵĿܻӦˡʸĿһ˵


1432 Ѫʨ
ħʴĴӦ£Ե¿Ǵʸռ˵
ʸһ漴ɫ
˵ǸȻܹħȻʸҵѪпǰĳλѪһӱףǻʸҵĻħѡ˴ˣȻħʴƴѡЧѱպӣҡʸռü΢ɫصķ
˵ȥʸ°ͣŲֻǽŲж˼ָ֮
Ҵѡ죬ħƶӱΪ⣬Ȼ֪ʲôԭַˣŮҲǵµĴУħʴ˶ӱ谮мӣҲ֪ġʸռ˵
ʸȻͣ½Ųʢڵռ쳤ϣǸʲôط
ǧӱʸʱҲûʲô취ŮûʸǺħʴ˵ĳ谮һʸϽ֮ڶΥ߳ͷء
ҸոսӵϢǸѾ뾳гħʴѰƽѣˡҴѡʸռս˻ʸȼ֣˵
ʸԳƬ̣һ˿ɵĹâƺ뵽ʲôǹһ˿Ц
ʱ˿̣Զʮ֮ĺݡ
ħԨڵǴϿȣƬİɫɽҲС
ʮǰħԨؾ֮ȻأҲ˱ܣϿ󣬻һЩ֮˵ע⡣
ϿȵİɫòɢһЩħ˿ʼУҪһ֮̽ˣϢʧ١
һ֮˽Ҳ˵ҽӽˡ
˿̵Ͽطվһʯ֮ϣվŮеĿʮ꣬òΪªŮΪòͷϴһǵֳһֹͨħˡ
ǰİͷܶվһŸߴħʬǧ֮ޡ
ЩħʬȻ󾳵ǿڣ˿ȴһͣƺʩӽѹסԭͲǡ
ǿʬЩħʬɢ۳һƬҺɫƣչĵϿϿ˽ƣЩʬֱ
طİУһɵĿռͨ΢΢ɢӨĹâƺк£ƣռ֮ͨУһɫ޺بУ֧˿ռͨ
ħ֧šˣٻħʬѪܻж٣طĿ΢ʵ
Ѿ඼ùˡطĻӵ˵
طɫһ漴̾ϢһҲգٻǧͷħʬҲ㹻ʸӺһϲˣѪܲټٻɡ
ǣǧͷħʬʸҾǵĶˡһܵ˵
ֻлʸһңȻΪ壬ҸոյõϢʸӺŴ˴γȻ˵壬ˣƺܿᷴ˹ط˵
ʲôŮŴ˻ɫǴ䣬ʧ
ȻңʸҪһЩҲǻµĴ壬ͻʸվͳһսߣҵĴһ±ļΪ
ҲؾţȻͻʸҽˣǱضȫҹƣóĳɵʵлҪ̵ڡط絭һЦ˵
ŮŴԣɫ˿
ˣҫ滹ûлӦ𣿡طĻŮ뵽ʲôһ㣬ʵ
طŴ˻̾˿ҫѲ֮£һ׷´˴βˡ
Ůɫһ¶ʧɫ
ҫ棬ҲδرɣһħʬǰߣҴϣŻʸδҪȷˡطɫһ䣬˵
ǣŮͬʱӦһ
ҵľٶڰнУʸһûз˿״
ʸҺҲûţ˿ʼҲɵļ齨š
ת۱˴µʱ䡣
ʳһͷſڣ˳΢΢Щϲɫ
⼸ʳҲо˻ʸҵľħʵĶ;ħʿ¶ҪһٳѾˡ
ΪĴ֮һǰ̣ⳡȻһδĶս֪жͨҪС
ܸоͻȻ˺αװѣǰ֯Ȼʲộս»κĻҪӼѣʱⷢ
ʱ䣬һֱڻʳǸߣܵһЩ׼Լʵ
ħʮݿΪݿʳĲ֣ųľУн׿ǰ𱬣ǰδеĳ㣬һЩѵһıҲżʡ
ǰļʱ䣬ֻǴҴҿһ£Ϊ׼ӦԼĶսеʱ䶼Ͷк͸ֽ׻УһԱĻᡣ
һУϳкͽ׻ᣬμεºУħˮһ㻨˳ȥ
ջҲΪ񣬹һķҩ
ոμһᣬǧħԪҲħϼѲϣ֮ǰѪľϣӦÿħħӾһЩܴﵽķ֮ĵز
ħһº֪ԼѾħҪͬȻ
£ҲϾ˼ħĹĶǣ¾ǿħʵҲĴʡ
ʳܵսӰ죬ֵ֮Ҳϡ࣬ûнֵ϶යܿص԰ס
̤СԺʱһֻСԺ֮վһŮӣȻǻʸǡ
ǳϡɫָܿƽִһкһݡ
ʸʸ׼ˡ
ĿѾ֪˴δս㱻ҵѪʨ֮Уźܿר̴ȥģ⼸׼ΣʸǴۣɫȻ˵
Ѿ׼Ǿͻʸˡ˵ͷ˵
Ǿ߰ɡ
ʸû˵׻һӣһϹסˣŻʳ֮ɶݶȥ
ƾʸǴţһӺʳǸһɽ֮иǰ
Ŀһɨжʱһ˿֮ɫ
ֻɽ֮кȻһӴҪߴ¥ΧҪΧһӶӻʸҵʿҪ֮Уһɱɱ֮ɢ
Ҫ֮Ʈһɫ죬֮һͷѪʨͼ
Ҫ֮еʿʹ˿ʮˣΪͣͶҺΪǻں浤Ҳв١
ʶһ̽󾳵ħ˺Ȼʮ֮ࡣ
ʸƵţʵ࣬˵ͽħˣ󾳵ħ˱ˣʵҵİٱϡ


1433 ֮
ħĴ󵱡
ҡҡͷһ뵽պҪͻʸΪУԴЩʹ
ʸǴҪеһ̨֮ϣ˿̸̨֮վ߰ħˣڵΪΣӦѪʨŵĸ߲㡣
ǳϣЩ˶Żʸǹһ
λͳ첻ض񡣡ʸĻһ
ڳ߰˸ͳ漴ĿͶ˻ʸһֹģ
ޱվƺûпעӹĿһ㡣
λѣȪҼħʴ֮ųˡʸǿĽһ
ЩͳŴ˻˼ۣһЩɫʸǼȻҲ˵ʲô
ŵĵΣʸǿ˼һۣʵ
ǳϣԱѾɣսҲѾ룬ֻħʱѪʨűܹ̱սˡһļΪߴ˵
̧ȥڳ߰˵УΪߣϵķҲΪѪʨУڻʸǵͳ졣
ãȥŸ׼ȱµһ̱սʸɫһ࣬˵
ڳͳǴӦһ漴ɢתۼ̨֮֮ʣͻʸǶˡ
ѪʨŵľΣʸǿһЦ
ʸҹȻħ棬һţʵҲԶԶңʵĪЩ̾˵
ˣħʴ˵ĵ»һʱܹôʱ䣬Ҵ㵽ȥתһ£ϤһŰɡʸƺĻش⡣
Ǿ鷳ʸˡ˹֣˵
ʸ漴ҪķȥҪĴԼΪޣѪʨŷֳ˰˸֣ÿһֶһפ
Ѫʨڶ࣬Ϊ鷳·ֳ˰˸ֶӣÿһӳЩӳոҲˡʸָİ˸ӣ˵š
ͷħ֮мȫޣ½ֺܴͬսϵľܱ伫Ϊӡ
ħԨдĵ伮У൱һҲǼظ־ܻģϾʱҲһЩʶھ֪ʶҲ˽һЩѪʨľ齨ģʽһʺϴģսľ
Աβ󲻵ڸֶӵƿǲ㣬Ҳ⡣
İ˸ֶӣƺظвͬĿ΢΢һ˵
ھҲ˽ӱ˵㻹һʦǼʶԨʸ΢΢һ漴Щȵ˵
ңֻ¿һЩصĵ伮֪һƤëǺһЦ˵
αعǫո˵Ĳ˸ֶǸϹŵİ˹ؽݻÿһֶӶвأպҽս֮ʱкβףָһˡʸƺ˹ؽΪԸЩ⡣
ԣȻƲҡ
˺ܿҪ󷽣ͣʮҵɫۣÿһҶаɳħƷ
Щ;֮𣿡Ŀһʵ
Щ۵ƷѾǷΣʮҾۿΪأྐྵȻһЩڶڿڣǺ½칤ڵľսΪơ
ЩѰԱ֮ãʮȴһʸҵսʿҲս֮УҲֻѪʨŲʮսʸǵһЦЩ԰˵
ԭˡͷ˵
ȤҲԵǴһۡʸ˵
֮áһЦһεһսԱߣҪǴ
ڴ˿̣ɫݹԶ˽ǰ
ǳϣսǻʸҵĻܣһЩͽҲ⿿һ˵ǴƺЩ̫ʰɣһɫݹһΪһӣǻʸȣ˵
һݹһΪһߵӰȻǻʸռ졣
ռ쳤ϣȵ£λΪλᵽѪʨʸüͷһ壬ɫ˵
Ŀ⿴˻ʸȣüͷ΢壬ֻڻʴѡϼһΣ˿Լƺе⡣
ܿ˹ʸȹƻΪʴѡ飬в
ǳϣսΪرȷʵ˴˵Ǵġʸռ쵭һЦĿ⿴һۣ˵
ʸĿһ漴һ˵ռ쳤ѵ֪λӱδò˶ñ׸һʸңˣ
ҲҪλ׸һʸֻ֮Ҫûʽףһˡʸ˵
ʸɫһɢһɵ
Ϊ˾£סóóȻԷ˴ȷʵЩǷףϾǧӱδΪ˫ް£ϵȷǸˣʸȺͻʸռ˴ǰȻǱĿĵġ
ʸϣȻսǻʸҵ֮ĳ㲻ȥˣպս֮ϣȻܿսһȻ
ʸɫ΢΢һЩǸ˿һۣ漴Ŀһתٴο˻ʸռˡ
ռ쳤ϣλѪʨţʲôҪ£ûʲôµĻ벻ҪҾ񡣡Ŀ˵
ٺ٣ǳϺαضϷ˴Ƿħʴ֮ȵµѪʨţЭǳϵġʸռ΢΢һЦ˵
ȵ²̰Ǿ֮УԵκȻҪѪʨʸһʵ
ħʱϷҲ֪ԵɡʸռЦһ
Ȼħʱ֮Եӣȵ±ھеξְ֮ɡʸйâһ漴˵
лǳϡʸȶԻʸһ漴ת׿һۣâһ
оʸȳĵ͵ɱЦһ˿ɫ
ΪȻԸһЩֱܹͨܶ棬ںһ۷ħˡ
ʸȲˣҸɵˡ
ǺǣѾ͵ȵպͰǳˡʸռ쵭һЦԻʸһ֣һԶȥ
ȵ£ѪʨѪʨŵĹأȻħʱ½˴ҲһҪؾ档ʸǿԶȥĻʸռһۣ׶Իʸ˵
ǡʸ΢΢һЦЩ˵ͷ
ˣȵȥϢʸüͷ΢壬֣˵
һ۾ʿ˹Żʸȥ
ҲȥϢһ°ɣħʴ˵ĵһѪʨűҪγƺڻʸ֮͵ԵʣûʸЩ죬ת׶˵˼󣬱֣һʿӦ˹
Իʸǹ֣۾ʿȥ


1434 սͻ
ʸվҪ֮УɫЩ
ʸҼ֮ͨ䣬һźرԭĻʴʸˮ󣬻ʴ֮λգ֮ͨìܸΪ
λͨ϶֧һλǼλΪʴĻʸҵϵӵܣȨнӣض
ʸռֵ֧ǻʸȣǧӱʦȻվǧӱˡ
˿̣ħʾͻȻͬʸȼѪʨţȴЩԤˣѵħʴ˴˾ʲô⣿
ڻʸǿǴµʱϹһһöŸƵĴѶ̷˳һ󣬱渡ֳһС֡
ʸĿЩСһɨɫʱһ䡣
һתۼҪһƬ첽߽һ֮УâʱһŵʧΧС
иɫϸ˿֯£һνסռ䡣
Щʸǲһֶ֣ɵ˰ա
һɫԲ֮ɢܿöϹ⡣
ʸǿдʣ㣬Ƭ֮ɫ֮иֳӰ
һ˺ȻǻʸӺлʸռ죬ӣ֮⣬İӰ
һ꣬˫ĿϣһԽüֱ޽ǣòΪӢ
һɫħ׵׳˫Ŀת֮£¶
һȴһ׷ƣһ̬ӵģ
ϻʸǣˡ
˲Ǳˣʸŵͳ˧֮ˡ
üλϸϻػʳˡۼۣʸӺ˵ɫЩ
ʸǵ˶һۣû˵
ħʹĳڣʸӺһɫУǰֳͬһɫ󣬷֮ǻʸǵ˵Ӱ
µõϢߡߡߵʮݿͬʱ⵽ҵĴԭս߽߱ϵıѾȫˡʸӺɫѿ˵
Ŵԣڳ˵ӰɫǴ䡣
ôܣ鱨Ҳǰߵս޼ǺȻԮ߽總ı϶ǿԵֵʮǿôױ㱻ͻƣʸռЩŵ˵
ҾͻȻ˲ʮɸߵľħʬϢﵽϣһͭǽһ㣬ǹ룬ʮѲұħʬ֮ں̵ܶʱڱͻǵķߡʸӺ˵һ֣һˮâзɳڰ۳һˮ
ˮ֮Գһ棬ʮͷӴħʬΧһҪ
ҪڣʳؾܼĹЩħʬϣȴֻڱһЩ˺ʹ˼޷ʵ˺
ЩħʬͿĸʴҺ弰Է˲С˳֮£Ҫ֮Ľ֧˲ã㱻ʮͷħʬǿ˺ѡ
ۼ˾ʸռɫһ䣬Ȼˮ֮޷ǸӦЩħʬʵӻжϣЩħʬ¶ӵв󾳵ʵ
ʸǿЩߴħʬӰɫһ䡣
߽ؾʧأصһЩٽݿĳǳ֮СûԮ磬ݿ½ڲú󣬱㲻ΪһʸУʸӺ˿ɫÿ˵
ʮѸٵĶʧɼĴոճɹٰĳ䣬Ҳʧȥ󲿷塣
ħʴˣЩħʬħԨħʬһģһʸǺĲ˵
漴򵥵ĽԨΧ԰֮ħʬ˵һ顣
ʸռŴ˻ɫһ䡣
ҲѾµˣЩħʬͨĳֶΣħԨؾ֮ٻġħʳ˵
ڳ֮ɫصĺܣҳϵľٶ״˻ʸԭ־ľĲãƱ᧿Σ
ħʴˣڵ׼սǷҪµһ£Ƭ֮󣬻ʸռСĿʵ
ǰߴ鱨ЩħʬֵҪݣݣݣĸݿ֮УѪʨţ̰ǾţţƷ̳̳ԮĸݿʣµţͬʱҴӪȻĴսݱȻ顣ˣһȥ֧ԮܲݿͬʱԮսߣʸӺɫѻָһüͷ΢壬һ˼
ǣʸǵæӦһ
ʱȣ̸ϸǰ߰ɣǳƬ̡ʸӺ˵
ʸռ˴Ӧһһʧ٣ֻлʸ
ǳϣҵ⣬ףʸӺ˵
²֪ʸĿһҡҡͷ
ǳϣѪʨű㱼ݰɣΪͨصأһʧǽܿ챻ҷָΧƣԴ˵ؾܶħɫأĬƬֶ̺˼оһ˾ġ
ǣħʴˣʸǴӦһ
ȥݻһĿģ뺮λͳ˧֮УֻħԨ֮ؼЩħʬ㵽֮취ЩħʬԴͷյһϢ֮ǰǸͨħԨ֮صϿȱ㱻һɰ֣ҸùʸӺ˵
ǣ¶Ȼʸɫһ䣬Ӧһ

ѪʨҪһУʮŻƹɵɫԲ飬һصڰת
ÿһɫԲ鶼Щ͸ɽ֮·иɽˮ֮
·ϥ˫Ŀգһµƺʲôͬʱֲϱ÷ǣеʮŻƹɵɽ飬ҲƱ仯ĳصĹɣŹâ
ڣҪ̤ͨԷ֮ǱزٵģɽϤķʮɽȫΪ취ӵ˱Ƚ֮ڲɽеķ֮һ
ʱ䴫һ˵ļ
һһ֮£һ鴫Ѷ̣ɢ׹⣬һϸСֶּ
Ŀһɨ漴һգһεĻΪһڹ⣬ҡ
ѪʨҪ´С
ʸǸ֮ϣλһ췢꣬ǻӻʸȣҲλһɫȹѩŮǧӱ
λҲˣϻ٣ǶѪʨеķֶͳ졣
ʱĿɨһۣǧӱʱһ㶣ôʱǧӱҲ˹
Ŀӣͷһ𣬽ŲҲɻ˻
֮ɫһæתĿ⣬ǧӱ΢΢һ죬Ҳæתͷȥ
ͷת˸۵λ£Ŀ⿴˻ʸǣɫıһ¡
ʸǴ˿üͷ壬ɫЩһֱĵЩͬ
ѵս·ʲô仯
зֲֳֹڣֻоĵȺ
ʸϲɫǧӱӵοУĿһ˿׾֮ɫ


1435 
´½½һЩ˽ʸɫƣֻңң买һ񣬱Ĭֱϯ
Ƭ̺󣬻ʸĿ⻷һȦŽȫ룬ɫһĿڵսλΪǰشϢ½ߡߡߵʮݿͬʱ⵽ҴѹͬʱԷлһֵǹľħʬʹصפұ㶼ʧأԮ
ʸǻһ£˲һɧʸҲһ֮ɫ
üͷ΢壬սֹȻ벻ıʣͷһӰ
ħʬ漴Ŀһתֱ²²
սͻ䣬ħʱѾּż̷ֱϸǰԮѪʨŸԮݡ̬λ̼ӣʱʸǳ˵
ǣڳӦһ
ǳϣղᵽұгһֵǹǿħʬ֪иһЩ鱨˿һһֱڽ
˿̣֮˶һۣһϮԵ쳣ۡ
˻ڳ鶼һͬ˻ʸǡ
ʸɫһĿһۣ漴ħʬʱûо鱨ħʴѾ˵飬źܿͻµ鱨ȸҪ
üͷһ壬û˵ʲô
˹ЦĿһۣ漴
Χ֮˵Ŀ޶á
Ƭ֮󣬴֮˶Ѿ뿪ֻͻʸǣǧӱ
ǳϣոᵽħʬûʲô𣿡ֱӻʸǣʵ
ǧӱҲЩƺ뵽ʲôĻҲ˻ʸǡ
ո˶ӣЩҲö˵ʸǿһۣе˵
ҲµˣҵЩħʬħԨԨеЩ԰ħʬһ޶ʸ˵
Ȼˣ
ͫһȻѾЩԤУȷ˴£л̲ס֡
ôܣħԨؾʮǰرˣνЩħʬŪģǧӱɴ˵
ħʴǰݣһǳԮؾһҲΪ˲Щħʬʸ̾˿˵
ǧӱɫһã漴ת׿Եһۣû˵
ӱħʴҺ˵һ˷ʷ̫ͻȻȥݿνΣأҲ֪һжٺ֣㻹ǲҪǰȥΪáʸת׿ǧӱ˵
ҿɲĵС֮ˡǧӱɫһ䣬һۣд˵
ǺðɣʹߣҪжʸǿЦһ˵ͷ
ǳϣЩħʬڵĿж٣ܹͬʱ֮أӦòٰɣüͷ΢ʵ
ĿǰյЩħʬѾﵽǧͷĹģʸɫЩѿ˵
һħԨؾеħʬʵ󾳣ǧͷħʬҲ˵ǧͷħ˹˹ǻʸңҲֵס
ϢУ֪ʲô
ͻʸǶһۣڶԷпһ˿ǡ
Σǰ˵ЩŪˡʸ˵
˵ͷ
ʱҪ֮йâһƬӵƿУʮҷڿն
Ѫʨڳˣֱָݡ
ͬʱʸҵҲ׷׳ŸԵĿĵضȥ
ڻʸҵǲʱҳ˴ħʬϢħ½
ߺգңȻǵһõϢˡ
ħ½ݣݵһɽٺɽ֮УһƬ޴ޱȵƽԭ֮һ޴ޱȵĳǳأǳ֮¥
ǳΪճǣǸߺҵĸ֮ء
ճ֮һƬ޴ޱȵĹ㳡֮ϣ˿̾ۼħʿжʮμķֳ֣ӷϿȻš
ÿһͻʸŶ޼
Ȼʮ˾ۼ˿̹㳡֮ȴѻȸȻЩħ˶ѵأں֮ڡ
㳡ǰһ̨ߺİվŹ㳡֮ϵţ¶һ˿Ȼ
̨֮ϣˣһٸ̴棬ȻҲһͨܡ
Ҳ֪ŪǧͷħʬԻʸҵʵ޷ֵ£ΪλҪΪţʸңǸãٸߺЩ˵
о㻹̫Сʸˣƿħ½ôļ壬Ǳ㣿˿Ȼͻ𣬲˵ĴѾɣֻҪʸסҵһս»ʸұʤɡҸߺռ˿ΥԼܲպ»Ϊʸ֮ġߺ˵
ٸŴԣ¶ƶǶɫ
ңǳţҲδر㲻ʸҺߺЦЦ˵
ˡٸһ漴·һ˿Ȼͷ˵
оǳϴǰսߣȥһ׼ɡߺ˵ͷзԸ
ǡٸӦһ˸̨
֮ǰʸӺϵɣôˬֺǻʸӺʲôЭ飿վڸߺĺ۴˵
ǺǣǻʸӺӦƽңҽħһ£֮Ӧ˿̳ǳϰʱ˵£ǻʸӺҲ޻˵ġߺЦһ˵
Ӣ۴󺺸ߺǹֵ
ԣо˴ǰȥûбҪӲƴҲͿˣǻʸ滹ʲôδĵƣʱټ°ɡߺ˵

ݣǣĴϼľݵ㡣
빬שߣ̽ǣνŷ̴档
ڹУĳصĴ֮С
Ҽפǰһŵķ󣬷֮վһߴӰȻǻʸӺ
Ҳ˵ʲô֮ǰ䣬Ϊסµʱ䣬ֻҪ£ºԸһıꡣʸӺӷ֮д˳
ԣû̻شԭس
ʸӺ˫ֵҲ˿ûдߴٵ˼
κ˻ʸӺһۺһҧĵ˵ͷ
ãҴӦˣ½Ƿʹ˻ˡ
ȻʸӺһЦһ֣ɫȻɢӰҲ֮ʧ١
ŵķԭؾƬ̺󣬵һһһŵĻգټ
Ƭ֮һŮ˽ҵһͨܣϡ
еż̳ݡ赭˵


1436 ħ
ݣڵ֮⡣
һ¡¡УʮҾ޴ޱȵڿն𣬻ŸƳȥתۼʧʡ
ǰһҾ֮ϣһѪɫ۵վڴԣңǰ
һŲ֮߳һߣѪԡ
кָʾѪ˵˵
Ը˷ȫϻʸңѾڳϣǷü˷Щʣüͷ΢壬˵
ߣħԨ֮гɱ㳤ϣƾһ㣬ҿұѾƲҵǾü˾ûʲôסѪ˵
һ̾˿û˵ʲô
Ѫ˿ںͿͬһϵãУߣԼĻ
ȻѾΪ峤ϣȻ˵ʲôȥսһΪҵҪûʸ
߿Ѫһۣ뵽ʱҪһЩĪҪûʸҵһ㣬װԼǹͷ

ħ½һʱӿڵ֪սƺԷ׷״Ŵս
һ½֮ϵҲʼûڻʸҵļ£׷ɳе۳ɼɲƵսսݿйȥ

ʳǣħʹµһ޴ռ֮С
˴޹⣬гŹʹ̱ȳҩζ
һ޴ˮڿռ룬īҺ壬еҩζɴ˶ħнݹҩȪЩơ
һ粻֪Ӻδˮеĺɢ˼֡
ӰӰ´¼䣬һſŹ⻬޷ͷ­ˮ֮У·ųɣ²ֽԽˮС
ϸ֮£а֮࣡
Щħ˶˫ĿٲȻ󾳵ΪɢϢȴԶѰӡ
¶ˮϰЩħֱͣܲϽ³̸ڣȻȫޡ
ڴʱˮϿһֳһߴӰһ˫ڿռĹâħʻʸӺ
Ŀ⿴·ˮаħˣ¶һ˿ɫ
ʸӺдͳŻִһˮ֮иֳһƬɫΡ
еİͬʱ۾漴һУɳˮأڿУðеĺһ󷭹֮£˷ɢȥ
ЩħһЩͣϳƵŨħ֮⣬ɢ
Щ˺ħʬȫͬǻŵģƺʲô⹦¡
ӰһһߴͷԽڶڻʸӺǰһ
鶯֮ȻǲδɢϢԶԶԽ֮ˣȻһͨܡ
ضˣħΣʸӺ˰֣˵
ѾĲˣÿһѾӲޱȣķͷӺԥĻص
ܺã˿ľ㶼Ѿ֪˰ɣħϲɫһţмʵ
סͷӵͷ
ǾͺãʲϧɱħΪһʸҵսֽȣʱ֧ˡʸӺ˵
·ģ±ضʧͷһ˿Ѫâ˵

Ѫʨһ·ۣҲ㻨գſִݡ
ԭԱħ棬Ϊս𲨼ԵʣصĲѾǨߣʹ;ĳǳأһƬǽ壬ʮǾſա
ʸѴɳ̽ӿе֪ҽڹԽңݴ뽮Ѿ䣬ʸפдݱ߾һǣڣеĻǴǿֿסҵĹơ
ټ̣֮ãҲֹ̫ˡ
Ѫʨŵķ۷ﴦʱƵҴŽǳذΧȫŴ˷Ѿװħ˽ʿ
ǳرһɫηסҵĹ֮£âѣѾ᧿Σ
һҾ֮Уâ˸ǰӳУǸʮͷߴħʬ
ȻĿһ˵
·ħʬħԨؾħʬһģһ
ڴ˿̣һɫǰһս֮ϼڰγһֵͼ
ĿһһѰķۣΪʮս֪ʱѷ˴ӵǰ
һ֣ʮս̿ʼ任λãܿһ͡
֮еĴĿâһɫĹʮս֮ϺɿһΪܼҾ֮С
ϢҲûʲô̫ҵɫǵĵطʿ˲仯Ϊ̣ϢĶһźںĴ󶴡
ɫǵĵطħʬҲϢʧ٣·ڹһ㡣
¶֮ɫһ
սɫ֪ǺֹЩħʬޱȣȻǰû˿ֿ֮
˵ЩħʬԼֱսĹҲδܹܵס
֮УʸҵĲдؾԶеʮҾ޴ۣз֮ӭƮѪʨ죬Ƭ̣漴һ쳹ʵĻ
֮ȫ෴ΧǵҴͻĹ֮£ԵһƬңƺǼɵٴ⵽˲ټǣ׷׳Զˡ
Ҿ֮Уһɫѿ֮ɢϢٲȻҲһͨܡ
Ѿ˵ҴɫĴһˣ
Χͳģħ̵˵ͷηɶݶټɢҴԶɢȥ
漴׳һڳľᣬͬʱִ˰еľ֮ϡ
ɫһչһʮڹӾķ׼ȷûǸʮͷħʬڡ
Щħʬиֳ˻ɫ漴Ҳ󲽣ҴԶ˶ȥ
Ͽյһս֮ϣʸǺͻʸȣǧӱ˲վһ
ǳϣΪβʤ׷ʮսڣֻҪʮֺܽǰҾų״ɢˣʸȿɢӵҾţЩ˷ܵ˵
ȵ֪սȻ󣬵ҲһȱǾһֹ֮󣬻ʱܳ޷ʩչǻδ̽Ϊõҵ֮Сʸǻ˵
ʸĿһ漴˵ͷ˵ʲôˡ
˿̣·ɫĹâǽƻ߷ֿ¶һķ϶ݹ˴ǰݹһֳ˼Ӱ
һһڼ״󺺣Ϊ˿̿ȴЩήңȻնս۷ء
ʸǼ״һɳս


1437 ֱӳ
ʸߣҿǼʱϵֻٹգ롭ݿ¾Ҫ֮ˡڼ״¶ɫŻʸɫĹһ
ضܼصԮѾ˴󹦣պħʴ˱з͡ʸǵ˵
лǳϡڼ״󺺴ϲֹһ
սΣǣʸҿɻؾˣʸʵ
֮ǰҺȻݣЩħʬ˼ݵפص׷Ǩ֮£ҲܱߵֵҵĽءݴ˿̲ľˡڼ״ɫһͳ˵
ʸüͷ壬ոںڼ״˵֮ʣʶɨǣֳֻвһˣӦôפͨҼڿ´Ѿݿˡ
ʸսǰݵؾʮȻž񣬵Ҳǹɲû뵽Ȼڲһµʱˣɴ˿ɼҴ˷ʱ֮ӿȻǳﻮѾá
ڵоΣʸɫ¶֮ɫ漴ʵ
Ҵ˷һݵ֮УǾۼıѾʮ򣬶һͨ򣬲֪Ϊһֱûг֣ѱˡڼ״˵
ʸĿһ˵ͷ漴Ѫʨŷ۽С
ǵĽƴ󿪣ʮҾͷͣ˳ڡ
ʸԪʦ޲ǵķƣӹ̳ǳء
ʸ׿㽫вд
̽ǷԲ֮ڣϷͻϮ
һӻʸǿɵķ˳ȥһӺѪʨѾ뿪˾ۣбкá
ǰӦѸޱȵѪʨţа̾˼֣ԻʸǴ˵ֶ˼µĿ
кܿ췱æʸƺ㽫Ǵһ̱ݣԴΪݵչոʧصļƻ
ʸһ󣬱㽫Ǹڼ״ٵ˳´֮УӦϸѯݴ˿̵ˡ
ȻһƬæµ¼ҹˣеĺܡ
ȥоһ³еػһɫݹ⼤ǰȴǧӱ
ʦȥǧӱһۣɫһ£һʱ֪γƺ
Թˣ֪ʲô飿Ǵ󷽺ܶ࣬üͷһʵ
Ѫʨ֮У˲žۼһˣսǿһЩ˿̵ǷӲ˶ô
֪ǧӱҡҡͷ
üͷһ壬漴˵ͷǧӱ˳һ
ֻ֮лʸһˣ˿ڵͷŲ̧ͷ˹
һ·֮ϵǵˡʸǵһЦ˵
һ·֮ϣһֱѰħ˳ѰķۣʸǵѪʨŵĸ߲һֱս֮ϡ
֮䣬ǵûм档
ǳϿˣ²ʲôֻͣһѰʿѡһЦ˵
˫˼䣬ֱ
֪ǳˣΪ£ûкѵ˼һº󣬾Ϳżɽֱ˵
Ѿ̽鵽פڳڷɽδϾ֮ʣȶ֣׻һҾʸǺЦ˵
Ŵ˻ûʲôɫȴЩȡ
ʸǸոսǸԭΪʸǴԴ˵Ϊݵ㣬ȴû뵽Ȼ˼
ĿһվԱߵǧӱһۣðһͷ
ĪǻʸΪǧӱҪռһЩ͡
ڻʳ֮ʱλӹĶߣʸȻվǧӱѪʨܹεֿҵĴս¹ͣǧӱȻ洦
Ͼʴ֮λδǧӱʸȶǼϣħѡеģǴʱһЩպһѡлʴȻΪ˳ˡ
һˣֻ΢Цû˵
ӱ˵ħԨı˼ϸ壬˷˷ܹʸǼɫδ˵
ǳϷԸĳȻͷתɫȴɫȭӦһ
ãЩҾŲΪݣΨһҸоЩвЩħʬЩħʬҲΪˡʸһЦ˵
ǳϹˣĳֻΪǳõŵģһ߾ȫɫ˵
ʸǶ̬Ϊ⣬˵˺һỰȥ
ʦִҪ𣿶ԷƴֻҪסǣ֪ͨΧݿԮһͬлʤǸ𣿡ǧӱߺ󣬿ʵ
ɵӱˣݹҪ˷ˣЩҾţ㹻İܹЩħʬЩ鷳ЭΪʦӦԶԸʸ˵
ǧӱŴԣһԳĽëһ΢΢һû˵ʲô

뿪˴С
ڵѪʨѾʼᣬԭĳؾȴɢ˸ʼ޸ǳصķ
š
һһооһĿⰵпԼ
Ŀ⳯Χȥʶӿȴûз˿״
ˣȴЩľľ٣ʶеԪԽԲ쳣˰п̽ضͨܡ
ǻʸǣҲûбҪңѵѪʨлͨܣɫļǰУа²⡣
ˣǻʸӺģ뿪ħʹһֱǱһ԰мˡкķħ
ڿðͷˣɫһ漴ָԭһ
ħǺһЦ̬ȣҲû
˵ʸӺһܼͨң˭ͷ˲úħֱѯʵ
ɲϲ˼ӵĸо
һʸӺĸ벻ôȥҲ׵ͨ硣ħһЦ
üһϲɫʵʸӺΪҪһͨңʻûôӣ˿Ϊɣ
ϴҵϢʱħȥǰй¶һЩʸӺӦǾݴ˾ҵĺᣬǸ˹㣬ͬʱҪҵ䡣ħٺһЦ˵
ɫһصĺһ漴˫һе˵ͨܰмӣʱп֣꣬мְճˣ
ʱȲҪڻѪʨ֮У˰ڻʸǣҰôȵһʱ˵ħ컺˵
üͷһ壬ħҲмֵһǶ֣ѵĻںͻʸˡ
̫
漴µڳתһȦ㷵ԼʱסĵȺʱ̵ĵ


1438 
һʱ֮ڵѾȶǴҲ޸Ĳˡ
顱һɫλǴϷѿһ޴ޱȵķ϶һƿУѪʨȫӰ
ڿն漴ƺƵĳҾݵȥͬһƬܵصһ㣬ʹضΪ֮Ȼʧɫ
ǺݵĴսѪʨûгۣʮսҲûпӰ
Ѫʨ룬һҼΪľηɳǰС
һľ¥ŲɴСľħɫϼơ
¥Ϸʸƾǧӱʸȵ˶ڣǸԭפͳڼ״󺺻ʸ
ǳϣѾפڵĺڷɽƽ̹ɽоɫҪ·ʸ뵽ʲôص˵
޷аţ㲻صġʸǵ˵
ʸԣӦһ˼
ʸ࣬ǧӱƾĺ紵һͷɫ㷢ϣ粨˰ӭ趯
ΪΪѴﵽڣ˴ģʽսǵһβ룬мּ֬ϸ˫պ˵ģΪ˼޶ˡ
ŮľɫɱսԵЩ룬ɴҲγһĶԱȣΧħ˽ʿȻҲвɫ֪ݵλʵ̫Զֻңң͵һۣĿŵֱӵġ
֪ǻʸ⻹⣬䰲ǧӱࡣ
˵ǧӱԼԪˣлЩӵģԼȻϽ֮Ϊ˫ޣ³ħʡԼһЩ߲֪⣬δȫʶ˼־롣
˼εܣѴǧӱɫֹı仯зһЩ
û˿ӵ˼վǧӱԣǧӱɢ㣬ĿȴΧĴš
˵ģսѲǵһβμˣѪʨӴĹģǰеͬʱ˿ң˸ֶĳֹţвޡ
Ծ֪࣬Ҳܿһŵ֪ͣȷʵ˷
⣬ڻʸǿеİţҲ֪һЩǳǰãһ֧飬ʸǵ˳ȥȥġ
ڻʸǵҲ࣬ʸȱ˫֣֮ɫȻʱ۽ⰵȴǲмͼ֮ɫ

ͬʱڷɽҴӪĳӪ֮ڡ
֮ǰΧǵĻӴ˿ֳһ׹ɵĴѶ̣̱Ĺâȥ֮ͬʱģлӵɫ
ô졭ӿ
ڸղţյйѪʨȫֱԼڶϢ
ȻЩѪʨж֮죬ҴȻڴֲոհˣ䷴ӦѸ٣δܵʲô̫ʧݵ˿ҲѾˡ
ߣã֮ǰһǺ׼ֻ֮ܵȳˣûʸҵҲʶһϹħʬӽдѶ𣬿Ц
ϣʸҵ˼ȻѾȫ׼ħʬһӦСĽһЩԣһü˵
һɫ£мţΪԼĪ󾳳ڵӣвʱǵĹâƺľʦһ㡣
Ŷк뷨˵޷ԣɫһ˽ߡ
Ƕıط䶼ΪأʶΪͨܣ֮ʮֵĿ
ϣһƣСת£¶һ˿Ц

Ѫʨǰʮﴦһȷ沿һǰУһɫص̽Χ
ǰ沿ӵͳ죬һս׵ĳ෢׵ķǰ
ʱʮ˳һſ·Ƭ¼ͳһħʿгٸ뻮һСսڰɸ߿ջչһս
ЩħʿֻҺںͻΪɵսǵأƼΪֺꡣ
ڷɽǲ̫ԶСʱ֮ǰ沿ӱڷɽʮˡ
ǰһƬĺѹѹɽɽƶ͹죬ͬʱܵУʼ𵭵ĺɫ
ȫ䱸
෢ƺһ˿һ
ͳˣ֮ǰѯеؾЩǺڷɽеģӦòǵоĹһݸӳ෢󺺿˼֣
ߣǲǵоΪҪСģ˵صƼʺ෢󺺳˵
ݸӼæӦһڳ෢󺺵£һȥ
ȻΧʼǰ沿ӱ̽·֮ãǧûзŻٶȣǰСķȥ
벻ǰ֮дһ˵ƺս֮
෢ɫһ䣬ִһƣǰ沿ˢˢͣ
ڴʱǰɵŨһҷ£Żɫս׵ħˣԼųδҲǧ˵ӡ
Ҵ
Էֵĺף˿˫ȻѾһ
ͳˣ̫֪ԷǷԮֱӳ˵ĻԷ»ӱ͵Ϯ෢ԣݸɫһ䣬æ෢˵
ߣйڣȥȫսپ
෢ȻҲ˴ʱʽΣĿһǰ͵һָϵ
ͬʱһһѶ̸ǰִһɫԲϸֳһƬɫĻĻйâһŤˮһ㣬ֳһģѪʨŵͳ˧ʸǡ
ǳϣҷںڷɽǰﴦǱŨеǧҴǰӪѷȫ෢Ŀһɿ
෢󺺴Ѷ֮ʣ˫Ѿʼ֡
˷ͬʱ˫漴һħĹâļŶԷڼȥ˺¡¡ľ졣
ɫâڰ֮кȻײʹɢҲвٹ˶ԷӪ֮С
¡¡
һͲҽУһֹ˰ˡ
ԷΪĻƺЩˡ£ĪäĿ׷ɫĻ֮Уʸǳ˵
±ز෢ԣ
ɫĻ˸£ɢѶָ̺ܿԭ෢󺺵һУ
Ѫʨܣ෢󺺴һ
䣬Χʮɢͬʱ֮漴ʮ޴Ѫɫ͹ĻǿѪʨǰӪС
ַһɣڶֹҲͬʱչ
ѪʨǰӪзɳ˰Ӱжһһ˶ߵɫ졣
һɫ֮ϣɫʱâţչĺȻŵһͷͼ
Ȼ·Ҫķɳһ㣬ɫ춥һˮͰɫĳȥͬѳ˰ݣƾ֮


1439 Ȧ
ͬʱҴ˷ӦһĺƸֶһƬӰӰ´µĵǰϿա
ߣ
෢ЦһЩɫɲѰı
ЩǻʸƵħ죬зӡһּΪħ𣬾ħҲֱ˻ķâοЩͨеͽħˡ
ȻɫҴǰĺɫ֮ϣ׽˺ѳһӣһɫǰ֮УɫմȾ֮ˣȫȼ棬ܿ㻯Ϊ˻ҽ
һֻҴɥ
෢¶һ˿ϲɫҴʹңϹâţֳһɫսףȫ¶ʱ
˻һԽڶ˶գйâһһɫǹ
ǹӿƬϼ⣬ڳ෢󺺵͵һ֮£ʱʮɫǹĸֶǰ֮С
ÿһɫǹ׼ȷһʿۣʮʿӦ
෢ħˣԸѰħʿȻͬвһ㡣
ɱ
Ѫʨǰַ֮ɳӰǸӣһߺһꡣ
ɢϢȻڡ
иֳһɫ󽣣𣬳ַɳ
һ߿ķ󽣹⻪ţһ֮»ΪһֻɴСĳɢѹռ䶼
˫Ŀĺ⣬ͷһŭҾȥ
¡һ
һʮɿĳɫ棬ǰʮ˲£ܿ컯Ϊ˻ҽ
ߺͺҲԼ˷һɫһɫӷ
дƬʿ˶С
ħ˳֣ѪʨǰҲûֹͣȻֿʧ˲ǧˣѪʨߣȴʧһ˶ѡ
ã
෢󺺿ǰսһϲ׼ٽǰ֮кķɳһɸߵ޸ӰŴƬɫϼ⣬ͷ˹
෢Ŀһ˿֮ɫɫǹâţһһ޴ɫǹӰ;޸Ӱڰײһ
һ춯صľ죬һһӰͬʱѿΪɫâ
㾧âδɢҴ֮зɳһɵľ޺ͷǣͨ죬һɫľ޸
෢ĿһԷԼһȻҲһھʿ
ڶǾ޺ֺҴַɳӰȴһٸһͷݻƵߣ˺ȻҲΪ
ٸ˴һͷųһɫһѻɫȡ
֣ǿסѪʨһĸ˵Ĺ
һ壬ҴҲͣ׷׼ֶΣǿסѪʨŵĿ񹥡
ֽѪʨһվʵʤ٣ҵĶǾ޺бˣɻ˴֮С
һҵͳٸͻƷ߼Ҳæһչƣ˻ȥ
Ҵԭʹƣ˿˧Ӵܣʣµﻹս⡣
أأأ
Ҿѹֵĳ˺ŽʣĴ̿ʼ󣬳ԶӶȥ
׷
ʱĳ෢ѾЩɱۣϷǰߣȫЩͼ͵ϮҾţǴһ
ͳˣĪ׷һԵݸӷ෢˵
㶮ʲôҪɱƬײսʣ෢󺺵ݸһۣջɫǹʿǰ׷ȥ
ݸ̾˿ȡһọ̈ɿ뼸漴ȥ
ѪʨǰӪеĽŽħһʸһĹͣɢӵҴ׷˹ȥ

Ѫʨ֮У˾ɫս׵ħųһս󣬲˷ԲʮգͬһƬɫǵصĴʮɸ߿ӹ
ķɳ¥ϣ˿ֻлʸǣǧӱˣ˲֪ʱ뿪˷ɳ
ʸǴʱĿ⵭ȻĿǰŵһѶ̡
ǰӪո˴һѶϢ֮κϢˣҴѶϢ֮ǰ沿ӵһͳ죬˵ǰ沿Ӵʤʤ׷ȥˡ
̣ƺʱȣû˵
ȻʸǼˣȴûѪʨżӿٶǰԮԾɱԭĽٶȡ
ʦǰ沿̰ð˿Ѿҵ壬ǷӿٶȣӦһǣʸԣǧӱ˵
أзִ硣ʸĿйâ΢˵
ǧӱüһ£Ȼɻ󣬲Ҳû˵ʲô
˻ʸһۣĪɫ
ϮҾݵ㣬ʸֻæԸЩħʬսȴûк˵
ѵʸǱǴǰ沿̽ӣ̽һ̽Ҿŵĵסаֹ

ͬʱ෢ǰӪԶǰҵ֧ӽ׷ᡣ
ֻƺװǰ׷ٶȼ죬תۼɳ
ֱΧƬƬī⣬෢вŽ侲ԼȻŴ˺ڷɽ
ڴʱԭɾĲӺȻ׷ͣܡ
ಣ
Ӱǰз˳֮ǰǸǾ޺ٸƷ졣
෢һֲԤϮ
ڴʱܺһҷҷɿӿת˲Ͱѳ෢ǰӪʿŰΧ
෢ʶһɨвɺȻԲʮڵĺУĻҼħ˷׷ֳһսһۿͷ
ͳ죬⣬ǱΧˣ
ǸӺ󾳸ͳ켱æվ˳෢ԣЩʧ˵
⻰Ƿϻڵ˭ó
̰ˣ
෢󺺴˿̱Ҳѱ亹͸ΧֵҴҲ߰ˣȻҾŵ
ó෢󺺸еǣǰ룬һòͨĻӣޱı˫֣ɢɲϢٲȻһͨܡ
ڳ෢˼ת䣬һɫħᦴϻɳһȦȦɫɢ
෢󺺿ﻹ᲻ףλͨܿ϶ħܽʮѾںڷɽĺʵ֮䣬
˽Բǵľں棬ֻҪܼƬ̣߾ͻϵ෢ȵ
˳෢󺺴˻ԭҲǰӪ΢һЩѸΧһܵԲ漴ʮѪɫſ֮ǰѪʨܡ
෢󺺵ĸħԲ룬෢ǿԼ侲󣬷ȡ˴Ѷִ̣˼
һ̣ɫȻѿѶͬȻһ㷴ӦûС
һ֣ȡһѶͬҲǺ޹â


1440 
෢뵽ʲôȻǰǰĻȥжʱһ˿Ȼ
еǸ˺ɫħȻĳܣ׷סǰӪܵĿռ䣬һдѶֶζѾˡ
ӿŰΧȦеˣĮȻ
ϧֻǰ沿ӡԣһΪ˵ƺЩʡ
ʸǹȻ򵥡ǰɣѪʨźܿͻᵽˡӵ˵ĿӰΧȦеƿԶ
ǣ꼱æӦһ
һ̣սҴľ˷ɿΧգۼ㽫෢ӵΧ˸ˮйͨ
ţƿ֮ĸʽɫĹ⻪ȫѪʨǰӪϿոոճѪɫӿȥ
һʱ䣬¡¡֮˷𣬸ɫλҲѪɫϱѿ
ѪɫֱĹâɿȥӰǰӪнʿͷ
ಣ
Ҵַ֮ɳʮӰȻӵΪһķЩϸֶз׷³һ޾ƣǰӪѪɫϡ
ЩѪɫԭҡҡ׹Щħ˵ķ๥ͬѹ廤ֵһݣֱ֮׷׸ֳһơ
෢󺺺Եħиֳ֮ɫ
ѪʨŴ˿Ӧþں治Զڵǲ֧ŵԮִˡ
꣡
һѪʨֺܻȻѿâһ価ǰӪУһƬȷѪͱҽС
ǣ
Ѫʨܻѿ
෢¶֮ɫԵ󾳸ͳѷ׷ʩչֶΣĿ񹥣ֻѡ
෢ɫһ͵һҧȡһöѪɫĵҩһȥ
һžУһѪƣȻǣ˲۷徳硣
漴˻ΪһѪ⣬ҴһԱ֮ȥȻҪǰӪ
ݸӵ󾳸ͳˣһۣĬͬʱ֣漴ѡһ򣬷ɢӡ
ܣ
һɫӰһΣ˳෢ǰһĿڳ෢ϣȻǸꡣ
ŨΪȻҲﵽ۷壬ȷѪɫҩĳ෢󺺲ضá
෢δ£Ѫⱻɫһɢ˲٣˵أѪ磬²ɫ˿
ӰһΣֳħˣͬʱ֣âһƬδվȵĳ෢ϯȥ
һߣ˴˿Ҳħ˺ʹʿ
Ƭ֮ҽд˱âû
෢ֶξ֮£ǿסΧ˵ĲҽУ¶˷֮ɫ
϶ȻֳĿѪɫâ漴ЩâֳȻȥȻΪһѪɫֱ˶ȥ
СģҪԱ
һ˿壬һΣԱ߷ɿȥ
ȻΪﵽ۷壬ͬħ˵ԱȥĻ㲻ҲҪԪˡ
Աߵۼ˾ҲæͬʱϷ׷׸ֻ֡
෢󺺿пЦһûȥ׷󣬶һҴ֮С
һ̣һ죬һѪɫ̫ȻҴڶ
Ѫɫ̫ΪģΧɷΧ·𷢿һӿ漴Χȥһ޴ѪɫĢƸֶ
۷ħԱȻС
ûܼʱ뱬ըΧģȫʧ٣ҽҲûüԵನ֮ˣδȫˣҲˡ
һ£һǧ˱ֱӾ˽ȥұըನʹöԷսЩҡ
ѪʨǰӪһѪϴ֮£˿ֻʣ˲ǧˣۼҰΧȦЩңͼץסĻͻΧ׷׺ƴҴӿȥ
еĻۼҴԳңɫʱǳһȺ
վŵʮһֱûгֵħˣԷ׷׷еķսš
Щ˵£Ҵܿ콫Щ֮ǰӪвնɱ
ڴ˿̣һ¡¡촫ǰĺ֪ΪΣ׷׾ҷɢ
ȴԶ֮УһƬɫɳ۶вϷһȦȦɫ⻷Щһѩڰ㣬ɢ
ȻѪʨŵӡ
ĵʱ򣡡ԣһ߿һ䣬ΪʦǸϡ
Ҳѹ˵ʸǴѪʨųֵʱҴδ֮ʡ
ϣռƻ¡ӷȡһɫᣬݸ˽ߣ촽΢Ĵ˵
߽ӹᣬ΢һͷһΣʧԭء
ʱҴΪ֮ǰѪʨǰɵͻһûȫƽϢ˿̼ѪʨڵͻȻ֣Щš
ĿһתԶϱƽѪʨţиֳһ˿Ц漴ɿԸӪħӪǰ֧ţЩ
ϿѪʨȻҪʤҴ
ȻѾк֣ΪԶԸѪʨţҴʧ̫أҲᱻʧ֮
һ䣬Ҵȶĵطɳ˽ս۵ħˣ漴нս۵ħ˷ɳվҴǰ
һһ̳ҴϿգ漴ৣʮħ˴·˹
ѪʨŴʱѾ벻ʮǵصϼ׽ʿųһս󣬻ѹȹ
룬һηɳ쳣Ŀһɫ¥ΪĿ
¥֮ϣʸɫƽƾվӱˡ
ʸĿЩңڵսҴһɨϸһ˿Ц
ɱһ֣ңңͻӶţֱȻһӣ
ɱ
ѪʨűһӴľ̷ѳɰ˸ֶӣ漴Ϊ˰ٳҴȥ
ǳϣҵЩħʬƺڴ˴֪ǲˡ۸ֳϹ⣬Ҵɨһۣ̤ǰһ˵
ʸŴԣĿ΢漴޷ʱҷԸӦɡ
˵˵ͷû˵ʲôĿϹתԲʱΧս
Լᵽ˼ıζ
ĳ˿Ѿ˵Ҵ֮ǰ˴˽·޴ޱȵסҴǰ
󣡡Ŀһһ䣬漴һӡ
ҴǰӪħӪ̿ʼʩΧ뻮һ
ӪϿոֳƬƬĺƣ漴һɫ׵еѪʨڼȥ
ħӪҲֳһž޴İɫħ𣬷·һ㣬Ѫʨš
Ѫʨŵİۼ˾˿䣬ֱ˹ÿ϶ֳɫĻ֡
ǵصɫ׵缰ǣ׷׺ɫϣȻâȴδֹ俿


1441 ıó
ѪʨİβӦ֮£ð챼ڵ׻˵Ҵǰǧ֮ƺȻ뵽ӪħӪУ˫չⲫս
ȻԷȲ˲٣Ȼ𿹻Ǻܿ챻иʮѡ
ӪħӪûоʹʧȥ֮иĲ֣ǧ˾ۼһһСսжøΪݣͬʱһƾ˵׵湥˽£ҲʼͻѪʨŵɫ֣Էˡ
ѪʨŽʿİ̻ɫַĺͶԷݱĽɱһ
ҵӪħӪվƣܿ㱻ѹȥ
ֻǼĹ򣬱ʼҺ󷽵Ĵ֮С
òȶ͵ҴУһ浤ڽոսʿųһսתͷһɫʱһס
һѪʨŽʿͬװڶ㣬ɱ˹
죬浤ڽ˻͵һ衣
䣬һɫĹսС
ɫָոճ֣㱻ӭĸɫ桢УֻƬ̣ͺȻɢʿضûУ㱻ӵĹâû
Ǹ浤Ҳ֫⣬ϳء
ѪȵһĻĻڳ֮ȱȽǣҴգۼʧǧˡ
Ѫʨڰ˸ͳĴ£ͷһҴᴩ֮ơ
ƾԷ˺ֱײôҴֲܾԶˣ
УҵͨɫЩѿ˵Ҳְɡ
䣬ʮħ˶˵ͬʱ漴ʮĿѪʨŵİ˸ֶӺȥ
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˿ҴѪʨһǰһͨɽȣҴǰѾͨ˴룬ɫ뽫ѪʨźСҴ档
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ʮвǺʱһ˻ɫ죬дʣһҹ⣬û˺ɫ֮У


1442 䲻
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ͨ尵죬ƲħԨ԰еĹħʬ
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ħпռޣѪʨʮ˸öЩħʬ֮У绢Ⱥתۼɱǧˡ
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һ֮ٱɫɽڻʸתһɽ۳һĽ󣬽ػĵˮ©һɽ·Ĵħȥ

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1443 
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һʮɴСľ޴̼չǰһ󻶺УƬѪʨʿ˳
֮Уɫѿ֮
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֮䣬һĸ󷨵ǿ߱ɱħâһ¡УһС롣
Ѫʨ̷ɳ˴ħԶЩֲħʬڷɵ˰ա
ۼ˾ԵĺɫħſһƬɫħ棬ͬʱβһ˦˻ʸǣʸ˼֡
ӳû˻ʸǵľһΣɵ˴ħϿա
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ħΧ˱ɱ֮Ȼа˾ŸάŲȱ󷨣ʿܶ½٣ŻӴԣе죬ħȻ塣
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1444 ת
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ʹǧӱ̹ҲǼܲ׵ħּӳ˶ħʬпЧ׵֮ӴĹħʬԣȴֻһЩ˶ѣҲʹùħʬĶ˼֡
ʸȿһǧӱһ˿ޣ͵ؼ׹£ͬʱϹһһ쳣ɫ޴
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ħʬ黹ЩãȻͷ­ȴĸ߸߷𣬵ԶӴʬ鴤£һˡ


1445 
ǧӱʸȺɱһͷħʬ֮ʱҲ׷䵽˿ӶϷ׷ʹֶΣЩûзӦĹħʬ
һѪһѪɫᦣӡһ档
зһߣѪɫһƬŨѪ⣬ûΪһѪɫУնЩħʬȥ
һļΪĴ󺺣ð˴ĿɫâͬһǴ˰ɴСֱһӣ޴ʯƾոֶһЩħʬȥ
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ħʬȻֻʣ¶ʮͷʵҲԶڻʸȵһ֮ˡ
׵ıǻʸͷŵЩвȻΪ˽תۼ㱻ħʬ˺ǿħ
ͷħʬǳ˹
ʸһϹһæԱ߶
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Щħʬ˸Ƕ֣ǵֻǽ֮ʱǣסѾɣȳ˻ȥѪʨ֮ʰǰɣʸȿһһͷħʬλǧӱΧ˳˵
ʱʮͷħʬʧȥ˹Ŀ꣬˻˼ɽ֮Ѫʨűȥ
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ʱЩ󾳵ĹħʬĻҪɢһʧء
ʸȻһо۵ףûгЩħʬ˼
ոսЩªҼӲĹħʬҲһ˿η壬ϾһѪʨǻʸֱƹܣ˷ҲѴɣðˡ
ΧǼڽ֮ǰδħʬ֣δϵЩħʬ˼֣˿ͬһ
Щ˸ӵıУƺͬʸȵ뷨ȥˡ
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ǧӱһ۰аʸ٩٩̸ˣһ˫һ˿ŭ֮ɫ
ԿʼԼ˹ʮͷħʬϣȴ˿塣

Ůһƶ̹𣬷ּǸħмƵɫ󶦣Ǵ򿪣ִɫ۳һɫЩħʬǰ
ʸȼ״һ˿Цƺɫмֲм֮⡣
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һͷһͷĹħʬ˹ۿҪͬײɫ֮ϡ
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ǧӱȴû뿪˼һգƺѾ˵׼
һ̣¡¡ľײҲܿƽϢ
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󣬲֪ʱֳ˼޴ɫɽ壬ʮͷ͹ħʬϤΧм䡣
ЩħʬȻڴˣһ˫˫ɴСľȭϺھ޴ɽ֮ϣ޴ɽ𺳵ĻƹҲҡβѡ
ɽѱ˶켶ķͱü쳣ͨǿߺĻʱҲδƿ
ЩħʬȭȻҲǲڶɽľɽ֮ϣȴ·Ѻ㣬׷׵˳ȥ
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ת׿ǧӱһۣЩֵѵһ䣬漴ϺڹһѾԽ⼸ɫ޷壬Щħʬȥ
ǧӱıӰЩ˸в֪ΪһĪĸж
Ů漴𣬸Խ޷壬ȻЩħʬȥ
УŮһȣַ̧ųһһŵǰɫ֮ϡ
ɫ޶ɢǿҵĹâǴʮ
һֱ۴ϸɫӶмתۼ佫һħʬһһĲڣʹá
Ŀһһӣ䣬һŵɫԲ漤һģΪһ͸ĽӰͷħʬһơ
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ǧӱһۣ˵ͷ
֮ǰħԨбĥһĬҺԸħʬҲ˲ٵľ顣
֮⣬ĹħʬħԨռʱҪٶۺܶ࣬ʵҲϲ٣ҪΪħ½ħԶħԨԨŨЩħʬ˵󾳣ֻܷӳ߳ҵʵˡ

汻סħʬһʱ޷󣬵ͺ˼ӭȥ
ʮͷ޴ħʬɢŨħʬʹǧӱɫЩףɵÿ
Ŀһû˿η֮ɫдʣԻâһּ˰˿ɽ顣


1446 ѰԴ
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ѪʨȻովһƽ٣ʵǱҴϲ٣˿̾УҲɳ󣬱Щħʬȥ
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ȻʩչȫĻʸǣʵǿ˲١
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ʸ漴Ĭһʱû˵ƺڿʲô
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˵ȥʸԣ۾һһԵǧӱҲ
ˡֱԣݱһٶͷħʬݿҲ£ԴԴϵĴħԨٻĻսذܡŻʸǣ˵
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Ŀһ뵽ʲôûнӻ
Ѫʨ֮УΪʵ˼˼ԣǰһˣǷħʬĸԴ֮ءʸ˵
ΪһħԨڵĳ֮أȻġ


1447 з
ǣԣһ󣬱Ӧ
ãҵħʬԴʳĴ󹦳ҿ㱣֤֮ǰһʹԺҲ˳˳ˮʸǴı֤
ǾͶлǳˡһЦ˵
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Ŵԣɫ΢䣬ת׿ǧӱһۡ
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Ѿ뿪ѪʨգѾҪ뿪ݣ뺮ݵĵˡ
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Ȳ˵ЩΧӦһ취ȥ˵˵һӣһɫâħС
ǧӱ˵ͷдʣֱ߼һɫӨ̳߷


1448 ߾
˫Ŀâ˸ָһħֶգۼͣΪһ˶ĴĿ⣬ĿǸ߿пƿһĳա
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ٺ٣˵ʲôˣҪҲֻܹĵڻʴѡʱҺ£ҵףܹһн֮пν֪Ȼ֪ʸȺٺЦ
һǧӱɫһ䣬ȴɫδ䡣
ǷģԻ游ʣ˵ںݱ֮ɱʬҲȥҼ̳дλῼʷϸǶ˼һʣ˵ôлңʸȼЦ˵
ǧӱɫѿķɷס
â˸ȻͷĺɫڰյɫĲϺԽԽЩҡҡ׹֮Уȴû¶ʲôǵɫ
߾֮⣬ʸնֳһɫ̡
ڴΧħֳָɫ죬дʣά߾ת
ڷ޷ȴԼ󷨹Ļ֮УСʮͷһɫϼǣ֧š
ʸ¶һ˿Ц͵һӣеֶһ˴Ͽգתһɫϼзɳû߾֮С
߾У˵ɫԽԽҴмɫҲܼ
ȴеվԶֻǲϴһάͷɫĻ
ƣҹζ࣡ʸһ˿ɫ˵
䣬ΧӦһͬʱϿһס
ʱ߸ţһɫϼƾո֣һȥ
ڴʱԶ֮һһģĺɫӰϢĸֶƺҪ
ڴ˿̣߾󸽽Ȼ˱仯߾ħ󣬺һֳһſŻɵԲ飬һʮöųһ˶ޱȵԲȦȻɽ顣
ʮɽâһƬɫתۼһ壬Ϊһ޴ޱȵɫ֣潫߾棬ȻҲһ
ħʩ;Χʣ룬Ȼɫʵʵİ档
ʸȴǷӦѸ٣ɽĴ£֮ǰһεļ˳ȥ˸İա
⡭
ʸɫ䣬漴ɫһ䣬ּһɫ·Ŀâ·Ϸ𣬳ɫնȥ
һľ졣
ɫ·Ȼһɣʸɫһ䣬ֻɫ֮ǰվһɴŮһͯӡ
ɴŮɢ⣬һ޴ɫЫӰ֣ЫӰɫβȴޱȣ
ͯŨɫâɢһɸʴĴ̱ζ
ǡ
ʸɫһ䣬ɴŮɢѹȻﵽڣͯӺȻҲڵΪ
ȻûмˣǶɢϢȴİ֮ǰɽȺҴս֮ʱԵͷħ衣
ڴ˿̣߾ɫĻٴηһЩ仯ƬĻâӹĻɢΧɢȥתۼ䷶ΧûһɴСķδо޷ƬɫС
ȻɽӴ
߸ħɽӴ֮УƬɫϼ֣¶ʹ֮ɫһһ쳣ѣƺʲôѹϡ
ɽӴ֮УкɫˮһʱֳʮɫӰ
Ӱһ·ɫһסħˣС
ħ˷ȴӰס˿Ѳ
䣡
ɽӴ֮лâʮɫ޷徹εض𣬳߸ħ˺Ȼ¡
߸ħҲʵ˿ɽӴ֮ȴ޷֮Դ޷һңѿ漴Ҳķѡ
˼˵߾ʧȥ˼ӳ֣ҲȻѡ
ӰһǧӱɳɽӴվ˰֮С
㡭Ͳڴˣ
ʸۼ˵վڲԶɫ䡣
Ыͷɶ֪ʱƵ󣬺һ֮ƣǰס
ҲǣǵͨΪҲû˿ϲһЩ֣ҿ쵽ݵʱ򣬱㽫ͷħ貼棬Ϊ˷֮ˣ˭֪ȴԸˡ˵
ʸɫұ䣬˵
ŷ˲Ҳ˵ԭ򣬸¼ȻڴǣӦҲ˱Ƿ׼˰ɡ
һһӣ·ɽӴȻ壬ٴλΪʮɽ飬Χ
ߣ˻ʸҵĻӣҶҶ֣ҸʾŹģʸȿĿ⣬¶־ɫźһȥȴǿ򶨵ȵ


1449 
ԣԱߵǧӱһۡ
˵ǻʸȳȣĽնɱڴˣ´¸סԶʳǵħʣʸ֮˵ҵĹϵʱҲһ׮С鷳
ǧӱü΢壬̴΢ŵҪ˵Щʲô֮ʱʸ˫͵һ̧ƬĿİɫļǧӱڷ
ٶ֮죬һͳǰ
ȴƺϵ˴£һǧӱһģ֮£һ༤ȥ֮յù˴Ŀ⡣
ͬʱʸϹţ׵ĳЫͷɶ˹ȥ
ɫ·֮âţ渡ֳºǳͼ
·һȻѿΪ˾Ų֣ɿİ˻ʸȵϡ
أ
ʸɫâţ˻Ϊһ޴ǻӰ췢һƳ޺
޴ٶȼ죬תۼ˵Ыͷɶǰ
Ыͷɶɫһ䣬ϹâͬʱһԷӭȥ
һ죡
ɫƺǻʸȵѹֶΣٶȼ죬ҲΪױ㽫ЫͷɶͬǵķӰײ˳ȥ
ţɫٶ˿δϹâţҪԶȥ
ڴ˿̣ɫϺɫâһȻֳɫԲһ֮£˾ǵͲ֮ϡ
ɫԲƺǵĿһ㣬һǵ壬ĹâѸ֮ȥת֮䣬ɫǱɢ٣¶ĻʸȵӰ
ಣ
ɫԲһһ˻ʸϡ
ʸȲҽһðԴԴϵıɫԲɣϵĻâɢ
δɳԶ˱·һʯͷһ㣬׹˵ϡ
ӰһӰڻʸǰ
Ҫɱҡʸȶʱɫĵ
Ϻޱ飬ָһħдзΧŻʸȷɿȦնΣҽδ
ǧӱۼ˾ɫ΢΢һҲû˵ʲô
ʵԷŹԷģȴԷأҪ͵ϮȻˣôҲ޿ɺǡ
˵γ֣±ҪڻʸгԴˡ
ջ˻ʸʬϵöħָһŻ˻ʸȵʬϣȼ
ڴ˿̣һɫâӻ֮зɳԶȥϹ֮кȻһ˴ɫСˣǻʸȡ
иֳһ˿ȣʸȵľǾȻҲѾ۳Ԫ񣬷ɶݵٶȼ죬һ£㵽˰֮⡣
ЦһһɫӰмеٶȱȻʸȵԪֹתۼ׷ϡ
ӰһѹסԪһַ˻ֱ֮ϣƳ档
ʸȵԪƳҧڿУС¶֮飬ſԪɢĵȴ˿
ЦһҪƽԪȥ
һ£˵ľãҲҪˡħͬʱδ˵һƺڹؿڷɳһѾס˻ʸȵľǣ˽ȥ
üһƳ淢ЩίĽ
ɫһֽ
һϮǧӱԣڻ𽥻ΪҷɵĻʸʬ壬ɫ΢΢һ
ΪС˸Уû㵱ÿ˵
ǧӱ˼΢΢˵ͷ
ʸȵʬϵĻܿϨʬѾΪ˻ҽֻһ·һ﷨
ЩǻʸȵĶǽ㴦ˡһۣ˵
ɱģЩﻹ㡭ǧӱһ£˵
΢΢һЦһ֣һɺڹ⽫ʸȵǧӱǰ
ǧӱ΢΢ԥһ£Слһ䣬
һЦ߸ħ˵Ĵ﷨ѾҶڵ˵һЩ޹ؽҪ
߰ɣոյĴ򶷿ܻ𸽽˵ע⣬Ǿ뿪ĺáɶЫջػ«Ŀ⳯Χ˼ۣ˵
ǧӱ˵ͷ
дʣһסˣΪһĹ⣬뿪˴˴ݶȥ
ĳһһɫӰϢĸֶ˷ɶݵķ΢΢
ģոһ˲䣬ȷʵǿҵĸо˻ʸϢӰ˵
ӰƬ̣ȡһöѶŷƬ̣漴һ֣ѶΪһڹ⣬ռʧ١
ɫӰһϢĳ˵ķ׷ȥ

ǧӱ뺮޵ͬʱݣݣݵȵصսҲŻʸҺԮϵ漤
ı߾ǣ˴ΪӼݿĽͨҪȻΪݽսΪҵǰߡ
ΪҺЭ飬ʸûǲһһǰȫ֮á
ⶫϣϸʮ⣬ҽΧĳկݵ㡣
ݿɿϢۼݵıѾﵽ˶ʮϣҹħʬҲ֮ࡣ
£һҴ˿һƣǷҵĹ
Ǳ޴̵󷨽ػҸϧɱ͹֮£ǳضƺЩս
ĳˣһٸһվڴˣļսڴ˴۵ס
ٸҵϣҲҵһͨܡ
Ųյʱ䣬ۺսʧѾﵽȥǵʧԽԽ󡣡ߺĿ˵
Ѿ㱨ˣǼأ˵ǺԮѾ￪ˡĿ˵
ʲôѾս̶ΪμȻҪǲƺһ
ǳϲصģ˴ǲֻһ˵С;ţȻûж΢΢һЦ˵
Ŵ˻ƺ˿漴ɫЩ
ֻһС;ţŵʧ޷ֲԺս¿»Ӽˡ̾˿˵
صģڽ񳿣ʸҵԮҲѵˡ˵
д£ôûз֡߳һ
һʮ˵СͲӣܵ˵ģǳϲ֪Ҳ֡˵
üͷһ壬ƺѯʲô
ڴʱսĴһ¡¡죬澹ʼƬƬѿ
Ҵ֮Уһ߾͸ߴħʬѿĵ֮漴ڱϮ޴ĽŲڵϣ¡¡졣
⣡ǹħʬҪҳˡɫһ˵
һȥɳǵħʬʮ֮࣬ʮɸߵӴȻȲǵĳǽսԵʮĿ
ʮȻ˹֮˿ɵϵ֮ˣɫ¶һ˿ηɫ
ٴ򿪻Ǵ󣡡
ڴ˿̣һ
ߺ˲֪ʱ˳ǽϵһ̨ϣǽ߿


1450 Ǳ
Ҫ򿪻ǴķԸִһ󾳳һ
˿Σʱ򿪽ƣһ˳ûУ֮
һԥ󣬻ǾӽߵķԸܿѿһʮɳĳڡ
سǽ
˵ţӰһΣһ˵ȳ˳ȥ
һֻ֧аҵСͲӸǣӭʮħʬ
Ŀ֮˺ܿע⵽ˣǸ˶УжʮϴǺɫΣȫ°ʵʵֻ¶һ˫Դ͵۾
ԽɫΪʿľҲǽɫǶʮ֮ˣȺԵΪעĿ
ԭˣЩˡ
߿˵
ڴʱϵĳڷɿĺ£
һڿն֣һɫݹҴ󷽷ֱ
ˣһּһɫ֡
룬ɫڷɿתУתۼǴʮͬһֽɫ̫㣬Żɫݹȥ
ಡһ
һĿҹǸɫӰзͽɫײһ
顱һ죡
͵һڻҽɫâļҳײУ漴Ե
˵ͶɫӰ⼸ѾֶΣʶԱ˴ʵҲΪ˽⡣
һ˸ƽֹ˫Լһ
ͬʱЯ֧˶飬ҲѺЩħʬ̱
ǵʱڣΧһͷħʬʹսϵ󾳹ħʬﵽͷ֮࣡
ȻҴ˷ΧǱŽһٹƵĴ㡣
ĻɫӰһڷӣ˿ǴһĨмЦ⡣
ЩħʬϢﵽ󾳣ʵױȵķжǳİ˶Уûжεĸ֣ܵסЩħʬ
˾٣У۵
İ˶Ӵ˿̷ֳ֣жʮ֮ڽǰһ̣׷ԽڶӭЩħʬ
ʣµİʮħڳǽǰ£һ𣬷ɿһƺû˼
ҷЩ֮ʱͻ
ʮ˿ͬʱͺһѪɫâȻֳһĺڹ⣬漴˫һչ㽫֮ĺɫ۳ƣ¶һ߾߼͵ϢҲ֮ڽ
Ȼħ
ҷͨɫһ䣬˿Щ֮ɢǿҵϢȻҲﵽΣϢ͸һɹŹ֮
ɱΪ׵ĺ֮˿зһЩľګĵͺ𣬶ʮ֮˶ʱʮɫ⣬ݺύļ
Ϊ׵ĺ֮һ˵һ߹ħʬǰϺڹһ˷·һֱ̣ӴħʬĳһӶ
ͣ
ħʬһΣ˲ʧȥƽ⣬漴޴ȻأһƬ
һȲ֪ô֮Ӳնϣ
ڴ˿̣ոյصĹħʬԺӰһһ֮˹Ȱڴˣ˫һƬڵȭͷ£ħʬľ
꣡
ħʬĲᵽһߣĹ֮ͷ­弸ּңֻһƤš
ͷħʬзһ˻˻ĲҽУ£ڲٶˡ
ͬʱ֮Ҳһһ飬һĺԸһͷͷħʬ
ЩٶȸǿѸףȻ·ЩƤ񣬵Ƕٶ۵Ĺħʬһ㣬ֻʮĹ򣬱׾ٵĻɱ˶ʮͷħʬ
ԭǿƥĹħʬЩӰǰȻ˻ŻӶȭºɫȴЩ˵Ƕֺ
ʮɵķ󣬸ͬǰһݣʹҴ޷Խ벽
һĻҴɫ׷״䣬ԭĹƣҲ֪
ҵĻɫ䣬ʩˣһӣһɫмɵ˰ա
ˣ
һͺȣͬʱ˫һĺڹ֮ûЩħʬڡ
ħʬӲͣ漴·˿һ㣬̤ĳź󷽱Ӷȥ
ΧҴҲ˳ȥ
ħ׷ʮնɱʮͷħʬ˻ǡ
ǽ֮ϣӭԸųнʿӹ̳ǽ
Ƕʮ˴˿ú۰סȫվһԣ·ǿһһԲ
߿Ƕʮ֮ˣһ
ʸͳħ½ʮ꣬ڵʵȻɲ⡣

ͬһʱ̣ݵһɽ֮أҵһݵ㡣
˿̣Ӫ֮һƬңջǵ棬ȫħ⣬ɱǴ˷ڶ
˫һ۵֮ˣһȴǷλӣȻɸɵлʸңңߺңһЩ֮ˡ
˫ˣһȺγĴСսţ׻սһ
֮ݾ·磬ʸҺȫѹƣҵƹħʬ˿ҲʮĿ͵ĺħ˲ס
Щħˣħ
ħȻȹħʬϺܶ࣬ЩĸߴĹȴ˿·磬Ͷ䣬նɱһͷħʬ
ʱƣԽԣҴڿʼˡ

Żʸҵħ֪ļ˸սȻ࣬ȴʹԭҵĹħʬ⵽˳ʹĴ
Щһ֪ǧӱ˿֮С
Ϊ±˲мʩչ˳ͼڣ˶Ϣһ·Ź㺮Ƿȥ
֪ΪΣҶںӰ쵹ǲ󣬻Ϊӣһƶ񤣬Ҳûг
֮Ϣ˹㺮ǸΪħԨڵıϿһɽ֮ϡ
ĿɨһȦɫʱ
˴Ȼʸ˵Ũİɫ֣ɫĹģʸ˵ĸɽ档
Ȼ⡣Եǧӱ˵
˵ͷû˵ɫâԽ۳߳ɫ
ǧӱۼ˾ûгţƫƫͷϸֳһɫ΢⣬Ҳʩչͨʼ
Ƭ֮еϹɢüͷ΢΢
Ҹոһ£֮ƺģûдʲôʲô֣ǧӱü΢ʵ
ʲôҲ֣֮ħתʩչĳ־иõͨͷ˵
Ȼ˸ӦñЩ֮ˡǧӱһ䡣
˵ͷ֮еħֳҵɫǰ֮˵ħһƾԶ϶˴İ֮˸Ĺ
Ƿڴٻħʬ޷ȷûгײ֮ǰҲþʹ֪ͨʸǡ
ǧӱƺҲ뵽˲ɶһۡ
ȻѾΣҪȥһˡ˵ţ¶˼ɫ


1451 طϿ
ǧӱ֮ԣ˵ͷ漴ʲôü΢˵ո˵֮ħ᲻ʲô̽ƣóóȻ룬»ᱻ˷֡
ӦûУģѾ뵽˽İ취ЦһЦ仯«һģЫз˳
ǧӱЫĿһ˿ɫܿʧˡ
ЫǴӵǱȥɡ˵
û⣬ҰɡЫ漴ת׶չһЦСһӣһɫĹâס˶ˡ
âһ̶˵£Ͽȷȥ
ʶӳȥСĵ̽ĶͬʱָЫǰķ
ɫ˸ɽһ·ûɽ֮зһӰⲻЩԤϡ
Щһֲĸоӿͷ
һӺһǴϿȸ
ˣǰбʩչ˽ƣǰп»ᱻ˲ЫͻȻͣ˵
Ϲ˸ǰ㿴ȥֻǰ֮Уֲһɫ֩˿һϸߣǳܼǰ϶
Ӧ˲õֶΣֹ˴ӵǱ룬ӽϿȡ
Ȼˣ·;ǻǴȥɡ󣬿˵
ϿȸĳƫƧһâ˸͸ӰϢĸֶ漴ѵˮһ㣬ǰɶݶȥ
ڵѽͼת£˽뵽˰ɫ֮УϿɶݶȥ
ˣҲòðһЩˡ
˵ӰգۼʧǰϿڣ֮ĳƬɫ֮УֳһӰ
Լɫâתͣʩչĳǰƺûʲôá
û뵽ﲼ˽ƣӣЩħʬǴٻġӰŰ˼ۣа˵
Ϊʸҵ֮ͨһȻһħԨ֮˷ֵħʬ֪֮һЩ
Ŀ΢˼£ȡһָ̣㣬â档
΢΢һ漴âɢ
ЩӰһݷ׷˹ȥ
ǧӱϢǱϿȣոշһСξ룬һǧӱͣ
ǰɫ֮Уһ޴Ӱ˹ȥһ߹ħʬ
˶һۣж¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫ
йħʬ֣Ҳ˵֮ǰƲǿǰ˾Ųʮˡ
ȻѾȷħʬԴǷ˳ȥʦѶȻȴϵжǧӱ
Ҳã½УЫȴȥҼ濴ħԨٻħʬǼ򵥵飬һʽڴ֮ǰýһһ£˵
УϿп϶к֣̫Σˡǧӱ¶ǵɫ˵
һ˿ů⣬ǧӱĹʮãζƺܾûˡ
޷Ǳ֣Ҳܹߵġ
˵ţ۽⿴ĳһۡ
ʸҵǸͨһ·βˣȻСϢûȫħ졣
ǰȻΣҲһĺʱѾһԸ˵ע⡣
ȻִˣҲ㣬ҲҪһ𡣡ǧӱһᶨ˵
Ŵԣüͷһ塣
ǧӱȥһǿǵŮİȫȻҲŹƲ˼ϾдŮţܶط̫֣ԶԼһס
㲻ȰˣһҪȥġǧӱۼƺҪ˵ʲô˵
ðɣ͸ԣΣ֮ʱһὫ붴취֮У㲻Ҫֿ룬̾˿˵
ǧӱԥĵͷӦ
ѱϣΪһ΢ɲӰӣǰȥ
֮ǰǸ޴ħʬƺǿϿڵѲߣԳͼڵȻ׵ıܹͷħʬϿȥ
ǰһξ룬ǰ֮һ޴ӰֶȻһͷħʬ
һͷħʬֳ֮ɫƺϴһɫһ㡣
ɫħʬΪĿⲻʱΧȥ֮ͫкһ䱸ģ
ĿһǧӱһӣؾĹͷɫħʬ
·;ԽϿȥĹħʬԽ࣬һ·˵ҲѾʮͷ֮࣬Ҳвٸ֪ħʬڡ
üα˵ټҿʱ˹ȥ
ܿ죬˽ӽϿ˵ħԨڳֵĵط
Χİɫȥ
һ֮ɫԽС
ɫĹĹһɽȹսǺǰɫıÿһɽȵĿյء
ǰһۣɫһ䣬ɫĹѸޱȵһתһҺ档
ǰɽȿյǵħԨ֮ų֮ĵط
˿̿յ֮ϻѾûаɫڣȡ֮ɽ֮һĺɫ̳̳ϿպȻһɵĿռ֮ţ͵ħԨʱΪơ
ռ֮УһɫӰƾպبڣתš
֮⣬̳ǰһ˵Щʲô˲Ǳˣҵ˷ʵƿˣط硣
̳Ľǣϥһǿߡ
ǰһֱһһܹ٣һãһħ
ҫ۵ĹâͿռ֮еɫӰЩӦ
طдʣϷ߳ĺɫâƺ˺ڰ֮Уޱȡ
ʱǰһɫĶһҩһ˶ߣɢɫâһЩɫĿ״ɢһֹŹֵζƺĳϡ
ɫҩ֮ðһƺɫ̣ϷĿռ֮ڡ
ȻһۣƿĿ⣬Ǳ˾ʯ档
Ȼûϸطʩչĳʽ˳ɱٻħʬ
ϵǸɫҩеĶǰɫĶѪܣɢϢħʬмǿǧӱ촽΢˵
ɫһ˵ͷ
Ŀ΢ȡһɫǻʸǸǸ漴ִڰɫ֮ϡ
ʱһ֮£㻯Ϊһ⣬Ҫ֮Уڴ˿̣֮кķһ׹⣬Ѷ˳
ǧӱɫһ䣬δӦΧӰһʮͷߴɫħʬͻȻΧŨܵİ֮зɳΧм䡣
ãǧӱȻվϹţּɫСҪ֡
ĿһתһסǧӱΧĹħʬֻΧסǣû̷
ţǰӰһطӰֶ
λǰżȻ·˴ۼŽһ̽ðģͷת˿ɫδ¶Ĺ˵


1452 
طȻˣ̳Ľǵĸȴ˿δĿҲûг߿һۡ
ط籾̧ƺ׼ùħʬϿ֮˽ɱ˵Ŀһͣһ˵ףʱӴħӳȥСӣ
һ䣬üͷ漴̤ǰ벽ǧӱ
Ļʸǧӱطע⵽ĶĿתƵǧӱϣüһ˵
ǧӱʶط磬ҲӶԷɢϢУжϳ˶Է֮оصʱԷһϳԼвһֳһ˿֮ɫ
ԭǻʸ֮ˣطĿ»صϣɫһ˵
跨סϴߣ鱨ħʴˣͻȻ΢΢ףǧӱ˵һ䣬ͬʱǰɫâһһ¼ɽ顣
ǧӱһȻûԵ˼
ߣ𣿱ΪûвĴڣɣطһֺ׵һӣһϸĻҹ⼤˲ư㣬Զһ֮С
¡һ죬ҹеĵطһҲһɫӰŸֶ
Ӱϵĺɢ¶ˣȴһüźɫεӣ˫Ŀתδ¶˿ɫֻǿĿУһ˿ɫ
ҵ˭ԭǻʸѴݹ٣ʧԶӭˣطɫһ˵
ǧӱת׿һۣ¶ɫ
ǸüӣȻʶģһλչصͨܣƽＫǰԼҲֻѡ
ȻԵΪʶˣ
ϣµֻзͷˣҪ֪ͨħʴˣһ˿ϧ֮ɫ漴һɽȻųƬɫâסǧӱ壬Ͽ֮ȥ
üüͷһ壬Ȼʶʲô
ڴʱǰȻͷħʬֻ޴ħ˻ƹ֮ϣһȻֱӽͬɽ˻ٴε˹ħʬİΧȦ
ط翴δһֻۣŲԶĵüˣȻУЩħʬڣ˸ֵһᣬֻǰ֮ˣſɳƵǶ֡
δסΣΧʮͷɫħʬкţзһ˻𣬳˹ȥ
ͬʱطҲʼƣһεĳŻʸڳȥգһһɫ⡣
дͳɫʢɢһȦȦɫΣдһ
ţһͷɫͻɫ۶ŵüȥ
ɫͻڷԾУӭ籩ǣգۼ仯Ϊʮɾ޴
һХһɶصļϢɫ޻ɢ޻޿һţһִ˵üӡ
ʱĵüвΪջ
˵˲䣬Ŀġ
СֲܷϳԼȻħ˿֮£ҪطԼƴ
׹ףȴ֪޷طʲôֻӦסط˵
ͷת֮ʱ䶯ȴ˿ûгɣɫ޻ֵ˲䣬һ㣬˱㳯ź󷽵ȥ
ɫȻһա
طϵʸһ㣬ֱ߹âһһϿΧİɫ֮С
ɫʱӿѹȹʸ̸о˷ļβɵͣ
˿̣ɫ޻Ȼ˵֮ǰʸվλãͬʱٴ˵ڶɫֱӳż
üɫһһ̧һڹзɳȴһСᦣһֻɫ˻ƣһģ֮£ûǴʮǰ

ɫ˺ϣᦱڹת֮£ƺס˹һ̣һɫӨıֶҷɿӿ
ᦹâȥ
ڴʱһɫӻʸдֱû˺֮С
ţʸָһһѪҲһŵķ˺ɫ֮С
ᦹâ̴ţһŨɫϸֶһ漴ᦱ͵һ𣬽ɫ飬ٴηɻص˵üС
䣡
üȼĺɫ棬˶û档
طۼ˾ͣ¶˼ɫ
üϵĺɫգۼʮɷΧһȸ֮ϯ
طˣִһɫ޻ת˻̾طǰͬʱɫ׳ִдʣ׼ʩչʲôͨ
ͬʱ۽һƳ·ɫȴ΢΢һ
ԭǧӱվλã˿ٲȻһʮɴСɫŻҺɫת
͸ɫԼɼɽ壬Ӱ
Χʮͷɫħʬ˿Χɫ⣬ʩչȭź֮ϣȻƾˣȴֻܼһЩ𵴣޷ƿ
ʱɫ֮ĳдʣ˫ֱģһƬһΧ֮С
һԵǧӱĿЩ˸ȻʵǲͷϸǺ棿
üһ漴˵ͷ
ЩʮͷħʬҲδĶ֣˿̶ĪǴŻƻǴ̳ǧӱɫһЩʵ
ûлشǧӱִһͷһˮΪһˮȻֳΡ
ǧӱü΢壬ûʲô
֮Уط翴ɫ壬ĿЩ˸
ûϵڣʩչ˵ȳ̶ȵ򣬵ƾʮͷ׾Ĺħʬ޷ˡ
Щ˼ֲԾǱˣƺҪ̽Ϣô򵥡
һˣüͷ
˵ʱ̫ɺϣԭ׼ڶħʬٻʽ
һٻǧħʬ˿Ѿս֪ʸӺȻǱصʵӦںΪǴͨЩħʬʸҵע
ڶֹħʬԶһ֣ҲĿġ
һɹֱӴͷħʬֱӹݣ֮ƣʳ
˿ʽոսеһ룬һ˶뻹ãĸȴ򲻿ٶ򲻵ʽʧܣǴռͨҲᱻӰ졣
ط˿ЩڣΪ˴˴μƻݿƺƴҪǵһЩڴˣ˿Ҳˡ
зɿЩͷǰʸǰĺɫȴȻ˱仯
һ淭һֻʮɴСɺɫ湹ɵľݴӹзڶ
˻˫ͷϸֳһɫڣβ𣬺Ȼʹ˵еʥݷ˼Ϊơ
ɫ˫һչЮɭȻѹطֱӳ˹


1453 ֮ս
ͬʱʸվԭأеĺɫѾʧ٣ɫȻǹ
طƺǰϣţзһͣǰɫţ֮Ŵ̹ǺһȦȦɫȦϯ
ЩɫȦ׷ûǰ̾ɫ޻ڣ޻ηɿǴתۼ仯Ϊɾ޴һɶǵƣɫ޻ϳ
¡¡һѵľ촫
ɫ˴ײɫ޻ϣ޻ǰ֫ǰһһڳײľ²ɵ˺һ
δȾ޻ȡжɫ˿дһ̶ϵĺӿΪɫ򳯾޻ӿȥͬʱֻצҲݺץھ޻ǰ֫ϡ
ɫ޻ɢĺڻ£Ϊ̣ƬɫһźɫΣ岻ϵȥ
ɫȻռϷ磬ɫԴԴϵķӳ£ɫ޻Ҳܡ
طɫһ䣬ҪʩЩʲôվԶĻʸϺ¶һ˿ЦȻǺɫˣȻת
ֻкڹһһڳĹŹֱƺһֱ̫̣꣬ƺǶһصĲƱ
ɫɢһּΪĺƴϢԶһĶ취֮ϡ
ʸһӣ֮ðâ
һ
ʸһת˫ۣкɫһɺڹ⣬ĸӰƳյĳ̳ȥ֮ձһɳķ϶
Զطۼ˾ɫ䡣
˿ֵٻʽĹؼʱ̣ƻ˼̳Ǿǰˡ
ͷת˲ȥǰɫ޻Ȼתż̳ϵĿռͨһץзɿ
ռͨǸɫȻһһģɫӰӭĺɫӰ
̶Ħںɫâ֮֯´ʸĹƾɫӰӲֵ
֪Ƿɫ޵ԵʣռͨͻȻ̳Χħ˻Ȼ۾ɫ䣬æڷעͷķ֮С
ļ٣ãŻâţĵ˿ռͨС
ռͨĲŻȶ
֮Уطۼ˾ɫһɣ漴һּһɫޡ
֧ſռͨħμΪƣɢȴԶԶħޣӦһƵķ
طһгޣһĴִɫӰ˲쳤˰ٱڻʸͷ·
ʸɫһڷעг֮У͵һ裬һɵĸӰķɳɫӰײһ
Χ֮жʱֳһƣžžը죬Ӱ˫˫ɢ
ط󼱶һɫӰٴβĸֶŻʸȥͬʱִһǰɫ֮ϡ
ɫ̷һӨâǵʹǰɫ޻ʼΣһ޴ıˣͷɫ˴һ
ɫ棬ɫɢ䣬ʱɫ˱Ⱥɫʵ޼һʱƺҲ޷ֳʤ
Щطһ㣬˼Żʸȥ
ͬʱֳħƣͷ֮ϻҹһһɴСľ޴ɫ˷ɳһɻذĿֲϢһ
ɫ˷һĳһ޴ɫӰŻʸͷ¡
֮лҹ۳һɫģ΢΢䣬ΧҲŤ
ԻɫΪģΧеħ·©һ˹
ʸɫ䣬ƺӦһ˿̺֮С
ҲĽһ㣬źˣͬʱɫȻеĺɫ̸âţһִӰֶӰ֮ҲֳһööɫģԼһ˿֮档
ʸɬ쳣һȻ衣
ɫӰȻǴͻɫӰײһ
ۡһ죡
ɷ֮·κ˰ݺײһһ޷ݵӴܴײɢΧշ˸Χһϸܵ
ɫ֮Уǧӱǰˮһеķ֮ನӰ죬ƺҪ̱˺ѿһ㡣
ɫ򶨵Ļִڹ⣬Žˮȶ
˿ˮеĻ棬϶¶𺳵ɫ
رȻ֮ܶͨĶǰͬʱ߶֮ӲƴĻ棬Ҳٿ
ͨܣٲȻԷ֮ѾﵽĳֲΣǸոսܱ֮ͨġ
һ󣬻ʸĺɫâƺһЩȻ̴ǻɫƣɫһֱ۽飬漴Ʋĳط缤ȥ
طɫһ䣬æӶɫޣ޹âţû˾ŵִӰںɫâ֮ϣɫâɢ
Ȼˣһ԰ףҲ˺üվȡ
Ǹʸеĺɫ̸꣬ƺѰıԶԶڶ취֮ϡǷϵôĿ΢ʵ
ϢƺЩϤǰδǧӱҡҡͷ
ɫ΢Ǻɫ̸ϸӦ˺ħħޣǬ׻ƵĺȻϢ
֮УطɫһȻǺɫӰӰ̺ǿȻ͸еɫޣݵڣʹһ󷭹
۽⳯ռͨеħƳһۣͷһ˿ϧ֮ɫ
ħ֣ˣ
طһִһҹû뷨ڣɫѵֱۺָܿ˹ɫ΢һЩ
漴ӰһΣŻʸ˹ȥ
ͬʱطзɿӰһΣΪʮһģһӰѷ٣Ӱ󷨸Ϊ˷Żʸڼȥ
ʮɫӰͬʱҲŻʸȥдХ֮
ʸۼ˾ɫ΢΢һ䣬ִ֮䣬Ҳ޷ֱЩӰһ棬һǼ١
ͺһϺɫâţһӴɫมֶӭ˹Ļɫ˷ࡣ
ͬʱдʣָһ㡣
һںɫ˾ĺɫ˿зһУһ˦ɫˣ˫һչŴƬĺ棬طûʮӰ֮С
ž
ʮط类ɫһ壬ںϯ֮£дʧ
һӰӺɫ˫֮Ѹޱȵķɳɵ˻ʸǰ
ಣ
طɫ޶Ȼñֱ·һǹһ㣬ӭ쳤һ˻ʸؿڡ
ʸɫ䣬ķӦҲ죬кɫ̸Ȼһӣɫ޴ؿڵ˲䣬Ҳɫ֮ϡ
һľ죬ʸϾǶִ٣ɫֻǷײƫһЩͷһģ֮£Ǵӻʸֱϴ̴
Ѫէ֣


1454 ̵
ʸֱֻһ±ͬ׶ʹޱȣһ̾ҪѶһ㡣
һ֮£Ȼһҧ⣬һѪ˺ɫ̸ϡ
ɫ̸ðŨĺɫâһ֮۳һɫףһţݺҧɫ֮ϡ
꣡
ɫϺȻҧ˼ϸСƣɢĹâʱ˼֡
ط˿ˣһ֣ɫַɳһȻɫҧסһȴ·һһ㣬һһĲ˻ʸϡ

طγź󷽼ˣһɫ޺ݺһָдһ
ڻʸϵɫޱâǡҪѿ
ʸһ˿ɫ漴両ֳһ˿һָǺɫ֮ϡ
ڴ˿̣ɫ޹âһѿһɫŽʸû档
ɫѵ˲䣬һɫâӺɫüļٶȼ죬һطؿڡ
¡һ죬ɫų˷ȥΧħ·𷢿һӿ
ܿ죬ɫâɢһͨ役ڵӰֶǻʸ
ϲ֪ʱֳһɫĿף˿ҲѾദ顣
ɫȻһģħ޵ı˽Ա֮£ҲǲС
ʸɢϢЩȣԵЩ磬ƺڱը֮˻ԡ
û˷֧֣ͷɫ˺ܿɢΪһɫᦡ
ʸķӰҲһģأ塣
ʮ֮⣬طӰֶؿڱǵڹᴩƿһ󶴣ɫĺѪ
ɿһϣһֹѪæٻ˷ӰǼɫⷨڴʱɫͻȻһ󳱺죬ſһѪ϶ʱû˿Ѫɫɫѿ֮
ǵڹ̺֮˺ɫ̸ľܣطڵƾֻؿڱһô򵥡
֮ϣ͸ˮһпУϲɫһִһɫһ󷭹ѿһͨ
һ漤
ط紭Ϣ˼ȡöҩ£˿
ڴ˿̣ɫȻһ䣬ϸֳҹ⣬һԺ롣
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طĿȻ·ȥֻһɫӰӵϵɫм
ɫԲ֪ʱҲѾ˱仯ðƬƬɫΪһŨɫţΧʮͷħʬ˿̱Ű棬αóٻޱȣȻǽһʱ޷

طɫһ˿ȻˣϾΪͨһħܹԸġ
ʵֳѾʶȻԶͨħС
һֱ߻ɫһִɫâɫâ˴һΪһ޴ɫ˲ưǰ½һ
Ŀһ֮в֪ʱֳһɫâž֮
һӣеɫ۳һɫԣһУϷӭȥ
Ǿ޴ɫȻٶޱȣɫԵĶϼ֡
ɫԷֱһڻɫâ֮ϣɿӿգۼɫâͬȾ֮ɫ֮ǧٿףŻΪɹ̵ƾʧˡ
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һб仯Ȼƺܳʵֻգۼع
ף
طһȻԲһħ˾ƿħм֮Чľ׵ġ
ɫȴһֱӷɵǰ䲻òǰʵ
ط룬ͺһӿһ·ɳһ澧Ө͸Ļɫһµǰ
ͬʱ䷭ȡһöһ󱬣ΪһɹĻȫС
ִ֮ͨܲͨħ˵ȫһԣȻǴ´ġ
ɫԺڻɫϺȴʱɫ绡һž󣬾ӨɫƾʹѶ
漴ɫ绡ͬһɫС߰طĻɫĻϣɿӿ
ܵɫ绡ɢľܣطɫʱЩѿ
ڴ˿̣ͷһոǱ͸ɽֹȰĸֶ
ˣ
͸ɽȻĽɫâԲɷΧڶӳճ˽ɫĺ
ɫâ漴һûһֽɫ£һĽӽɫɢ
طۼ˾ɫ䣬Ҫ
ڴ˿̣һӰֶǰһһɫǸ塣

һǵĻζһȦ޵Ľɫɢ͸ɫ֣طϡ
طһģһ£⧲֮£Ӱ˲
ն
һнһ䡣
еĽɫһȻ·£ɫ··һ޴ޱȵĽַɿתն˻ɫ֮ϡ
طʱȻѾָǣѾˡ
꣡
طĻɫԭɫ绡ʴ£᧿Σڽɫǰ·һ㣬һնƣΪ㾧ıѶ
ɫ½â漴նطϡ
һ죬һֻɫִطɳɫ֮иֳһööɫģڼ䲻ݷ֮ʵǰͬʱһɷ֮һֶȻһס˽ɫ֡
ɫֿƾˣת֮ʹûɫƱ淢ǣ̺֮ǰ޷ǰһ
طڴϢǽɫֵ۷ʱ̣Ҳֱӵֿοʱոˡ
ǿ࣬ʩչ̺֮һжĸּ˺ܶ࣬ط麣һҷһѪ˳ȥ
ҪЩʲôɫֽâȴȻһģ֮£һΪ
£
ɫֱİգнһ䣬½ֺѿΪ½â
½ɢĽӴĿĿӡ
½ֽһնͬһ޴һ㣬طϡ
طɫ¶Īɫǰԭϰɱ󾳺Сոȴ羪κһ㣬һϮ
ӦɫâѾγû档
һɿ¶Ѫܵʬ壬ɿµ䣬Ȼط塣
һɫһŵĴӽɫâмԶɶݶȥҹ֮аһСˣطľǡ
ոշɳʮɣһɫâ˲ư㼤˻ɫСϡ
ɫǷһҽУȻѿΪһ̣ʧ
ħ½ɺ绽꣬ħʶСһۣĴ֮һҵĵط磬ζ뵽ԼһСϡ
գһɫΪ֮һɡ


1455 ħ֮
ⳡսȻݣطϾʷԵǿ֣ǶԷ˵£òԼֶһʹ˳
½ܹԽɱֵǿУԶԤ֮ϣϵһջЧ
˲ͷ亹ת׿·ɫԲ򣬵һһ
ɫԲѿһӣһɫٻӰһζһͣΣվڰգĿУ˲˼顣
ǧӱ
ŮԲУȻͨˮ淢һпС
ȻΪʵѾ˽⣬ÿһζֳ֣ʵȲѡ
·̳֮ϣĸħˣڵϵطʬ壬漴ֵĿû˸ҿڡ
һطԣַһڹ⣬ϵĴ﷨˹Ħһ£΢΢¶Щϲɫ
ҼĴ﷨ıȻ࣬ڲϸʱ
Ŀһת˼̳Ϸռͨеɫ֮ϣĿһ˿֮ɫ
ڴʱһɫӰڸֶħ졣
䷽һ֣Ҳû˵ԹԵɵ˿ռͨǰ
ħ˿͵ĿϲһӣһƬڹ⼤۳һֻڴ֣Ȼһץס˿ռͨڵħޡ
ǧӱһת׿ۼƽվԭأü΢壬û˵
̳Χĸħ˸ܵħɢͨѹһɫ䣬ﻹǰֹ
˻˼ۣԼͬͬʱǰķ¶֮ɫ󻺻ȥ
𷨱ûãеĿռͨ̾Ҳбơ
üͷһ壬ħȴڿռͨı仯˿ᣬдʣſһѪûħ֮С
ɫ̸ֳ֮һ˿ڹ⡣
ħһסħ޵ĺɫȻɫһһ㱻ӿռͨ˳
һβҲ˳ռͨ˼£Ȼɢ£ʧԶ
ռͨʧ֮еһжָƽΧҲʼ˷ȥ
ħϵһ˿˷ܣſһڹûħ֮Уħޱ渡һЩɫƣϸ˿⡣ϸĻᷢЩɫһЩµķġ

ħ쿴еħޣЦ
ǧӱЩħħ죬¶һЩɫߵԣҪ˵
ϿԱߺĴһ޴ĺ֮ԭʮͷɫħʬ˿ڰʮɽûĻɫš
ħʬǵ£һ޴̳˹洫صĽŲ֮
üͷһ壬˿̿û˼ԸЩħʬдʣһУԶɫȻһǣʱٴνʮͷħʬٴ档
ĸۼħʬȻһۣͬʱΪһ⣬ҪҳϿӶȥ
Ȼת׿˹ȥɫһּս衣
ɱط磬ƻռͨϢȻ⴫⼸˱
û֣һɫӰħַɳһ£˲ư㵽ԶһΪĵͬʱ
Ӱһ˰棬漴Ȼս
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ħ˵ͷ¶һ˿ɫ漴Ŀһתסʮͷħʬһ
ĵɫӰ϶Ϊһĵأ֮ӭǴ󣬷ɵɽûĻɫ֮У·һɫз
žžž
һ죬ħ޳ʮͷħʬϣޱȵħʬħ֮£Ҳ·һ㣬ɫӰһѿΪһ⡣
ʮͷħʬΪһƬࡣ
ɫӰһ˻ȥΪԭĴСħϲɫ
ۼ˾һӣɫһΪʮɽ飬ɻУͬʱҲ΢΢¶һ˿֮ɫ
ħ޹ȻħԣǺͻʸҵħһ֮Զڶ취֮ϡ
ħһħޣϣΪһɫϵƽһӼ̳Ͽ
úãħޣҲ̺ķ֮ʵȻպ󼴱ԻʸӺħҲܹԿħЦ˵
û˵Ҳ΢΢˵ͷ
֮ǰû뵽ҵ֮ħħޣԻʸңǻʸӺȴڣȷһԿĵ
ʲôѵҪ߸ǧӱԣЩ̵Ŀħһۡ
ԼƭˣȻΪĸ׵ԵʣͻʸӺ׹ϵȽϲΪԼǻʸҵһӡ
߸ٺ٣˻ûǸȤħ¶Ź֮ɫٺһЦ
Թ㲻صʲôҺħǰĿĲǺǻʸΪУ˵ħʴƺҪԸǣǱƲѣֻòȡһЩԲߡ˵
СӦϳҵ˰ɣħ쿴ǧӱһЦ˵
һ̫ȷԴħ֮·ϵϢҸʼƣȻԴҲЩüĿˡû´ĻʸҵĻʸ죬ǸӦòɡǧӱħһۣ˵
ħ°ͣһ˿ɫÿɷĵЦ˼
漴Ŀһת˲ԶԲѵĻʸϡ
ע⵽ħĿӣҲѭĿ⿴˹ȥ
Ҫʲôǧӱ״ɫһ䡣
ħһһһɫӰһ֮£ڻʸͷ֮ϡ
һ죬ʸһ飬Ϊһźɫ
⣡
ħɫһ漴ɫĿ⳯Χȥ
ϿȱԵһɫӰһȻǻʸ
Ӷеĺɫ̸꣬ƿһռ϶һûУʧ١
⣬׷ɫһ䣬˵
ǻʸԭѹħѾ¶ûʸħʣ»ʸҵ̻׷ɱˡ
ˡħüͷ˵
üͷ壬ħһۣû˵ʲô
Ѿ¶ħ½Ѿûǵ֮أֻʱ뿪ˡħҡҡͷ
Ŵԣüһ漴˵ͷ
ǧӱħԣ΢΢һҧ
Ŀһתǧӱ̾˿˵ԹҲܹ˽⣬ҵĻԼֻܾʹհɡȻҵı⣬ҿ˵ǻʸҵĵˣ֮ԭͲʲôܵġ
ԭˣΪλ˿ʦ˫֮ˡǧӱһЩ˸˵


1456 ħ
ǸպܹͻʸҺͽ⣬ҡһġһ£૵˵
ǧӱԣ΢΢һ漴ҡͷЦһ¡
ʸ쵱걳˻ʸңȻоʸȴʵʵı˻ʸҵɱ֮ϣɱ֮ˣǻʸҵУĺǣݣħĹϵǳô׺ͻʸҺͽ⡣
мҪ㡭˴ɱط磬ƻҵٻħʬļƻҲΪһ㹦֮ϣܹ˵㸸ʲҪҶ֣Ƕǵȫһ֪ûзͼ漴һ£ǧӱһ񣬻˵
ģһΪô¡ǧӱĿӯӯĿ˵ͷ
ǾͶлˡʶƿĿ⣬л
߰ɡħüͷ΢壬˵һ䡣
ǧӱһۣһΪһڹ⣬Ͽ֮ɶݶȥ
ϿΧİɫż̳ϿյĿռͨƻѾʼƮɢ
ħ켴ɳϿȵʱͻ
֮жȻֳƬɫϼһ֯£һ޴ɫĻϿȶ档
˵ĶݹƬĻ·ײһޱȵǽ̱˻
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һĮյɫĻ֮ӰһһӵӰֶ
ȻǵħʣʸӺ
ɫ䣬̲סһĿ⿴һԵħ졣
ħͫһ¶һ˿ɫܿʧ٣ĿͻʸӺֱ
ôû˿ϢһΪѾˣû뵽㾹Ȼһصħ½ڵ״ƺܵʲô˰ɡʸӺ´ħİħ˵
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ʸӺɫһ漴ĿһתԱߵüһ̧˵Ӧòǻʸĺɣϣо˿Ϣ
ڴʱһɫٻӰӺһ˸ǧӱ
ŮŻʸӺһ񣬿ڵʣ㡭ôˣ
ӱĺܺãΪһʸ˴󹦡һЩҪվһԡʸӺϵѵ¶ִȰ֮ɫ˵
ǧӱЩǵĿһۣĿֿ˻ʸӺһֹӣվһԡ
ʸӺĿһٶתԭĴȰ֮ɫѵȻ޴档
ұ½һʿΪһħ֮Ѫӵ˲ħѪͳͻʸҲ޹ϵǧӱһۣ漴ƽ˵
ոպӱĻҶˣΪɱط磬ƻĿռͨȷǸѵõ˲šȻͻʸûʲôֱӵĹϵֻҪվߣҿˡ֮ǰһ֮ҲԲ׷ͬӱ飬ԷΪߣְλͻʸ൱ΣʸӺһЦ˵
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㻹Ǻǰһϲ˵ôϻҪսսԣ
ħЦһһ̧ħӭһӡ
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ħȻ֮ûܹӳʸӺۼɫӰ£˿壬һЦһӣһɫ󶦸ǰ

һ޴죬ħ޾Ȼֱӵء
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ħ۾һУʸӺɫ󶦣뾳ǸɫСһģһ
ɫɢĿֲϢԶħ֮ϣħɡ
ʣǻʸˣξȹҵǧӱۼʸӺħ䣬æ˵
ӱţ˴ΪΣգȶڰȫ֮ʸӺǧӱ˵꣬һӣħһɫһסǧӱ
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ħһϺţħͬ߰裬ɢһȦȦĿɫȦ
ħ޵Ļ裬ɫȦ۳һ޴ޱȵɫ䣬תÿһƬ϶ֳƬ֮ɫģΧħ˹ȥ
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һ̣޴ħ־ָ̩ɽѹɫ֮ϡ
Ȼһɫ̸ֳƣ漴ȻѿǾָħҲɢ
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ħɫ֮зɿǴתۼ仯Ϊ˰ɴС
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ħȻһɢɫâȻŨһɢһɻذĿֲϢ
ǰһڣһɱȸղŴѹ֮ϣڷתҲ˳͡
ħۼ˾ɫ£漴һҧһΪһڹ⣬һûڡ
ͬʱһһɫޣħޡ


1457 
ʸӺħҵ岢ħδ޷ӳȫ˸Ƕ֡ҽȫķڣǲſһħڸ֡
Ӧһ̣һ治ɵķڣ֮֫С
ɷΪڤǾΪƣʶûвʲôų⣬תһȦ󣬺ܿ麣֮С

췢һüĴֳһӵħӡǣʼֳһɫħƣڴһžžĹ֮֮һأɸߡ
õħķע˲ħ֮£ʶҲ֮סʶеԪСˡ
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Ԫ۳ε˲䣬Ժ˶ݵĿհףеһƺڴʱͣƺĶӿԺ֮Уƺ̺˻컯֮Դ֮
ƺ˲Ϣ򣬾;ǧһ㡣
ͻȻһһ֮Ԫӿʹ֫ٺһ泩жʱָԺͬһţ˷·һոµľ硣
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Ҫﵽ֮ͨشķ֮ﵽһ̶ȲС
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ħ֮ɽȥӲûѱҲҪԴʧˡ
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һˣһһеħųɫϼ⣬ɫĸֶ
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ħһ쳤ɳͬʱñֱӲ·һ±һִޱȵɫޡ
ħУӳħ֮ϡ
һ֣ħ޷صľ죬ħײһ
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ռѷдһɹǿĿռ֮ϿΧɽֱӵʯĽΪ֮ɫ
һգ۵ĹϿΧɽϤƽҺҵİƻڣ޴ķȻ͸ƣ˳ȥС˺ܶ࣬ȻᲨԲ֮ң
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ͻʸӺϸȦȻռѷԱߣǶûܵ˿Ӱ졣
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䣬Ϲţһɫϼͬ߰۶׷׷ħ֮С
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ħ޵õ֮ļӳ֣ҲǽڽħһЩûֹסѹȺ˵ơ
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ħ޶Ȼһ漴·ɢΪĿɫâ֮϶Ȼ͹
һ̣Щ͹׷ױѣжȻðɫÿ϶ɫ䡣
תۼ䣬ħ޸ڵĿռһƬɫĻ
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ħɫâһ䣬ȻΪܵɫ棬ʹħΪһɫɢȵĸ¡
ħһЩɫһɫ棬̻Ϊ˻ҽ
ۼ˾ɫʱһ䡣
ʸӺĿг˲мз͵һ䣬һ´򿪡
һƬɫӶйӿƾ۳߰ɫ˽ħ۳ɫ֮С
֮죡
ɫ⵽˻ԵĴתۼ㱻Щɫһա
Щûɣ˿̱٣ܵǣɫֲ԰˼֣һ𣬲һѪ
һ˿ɫħ޵Բֹôһ㣬ʵ㣬ͨջǷȱŻ㶼ȫѹơ
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ʸӺĴЦһָһ㣬ЩɫɾŻصħС
ħϰɫҲܿɢһ̣ɫϸ˿Ӷзһģϡ


1458 ʩ
ɫ䡣
һǧӱҲͨƵħʩչԶԶûѸͨΪȻ
˼䣬ɫϸ˿ħмħϣܿסж
д󼱣漴ʲôĬȭǰɫӡһȻðϰٵɫ绡ȫǾס
ͨķȫʩչܺǰȻͬնˣÿһ׵绡ָϸ̶ž졣
ɫ绡˲סɫϸ˿֮ϣǳԤϣЩɫϸ˿ɫ绡ȻһҲûУȻס塣
þѣֱǳ룡ʸӺۼ˾һзһ䡣
ɫϸ˿ȻһȻһŶڷȥ
д󺧣Ǳսħڣ¾ˡ
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ʸӺ¶һ˿ЦݣһεķɵħԱߣϹʢڶ֮ϣڷԴԴעħС
ֻҪϽڣܷڵ̫󣬽ͬڵĻʸ죬ûʶľǡ
һɫϸ˿ٶȻ
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ڴ˿̣
ħϺð˴ƬɫĹâһڰʯӰֶɢϹʱһҡ
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ڻǷɵʱȻ챮ѪĹϵʱ˴˶ʸӺħˣȻ棬޷߶ħڵĽƷ˿˺ħƿس̶ȣܿ¶ؿȨġħɿ˵
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˿µħͼҪٴƿħԨռ䣬ħͬʸӺħԨռ֮С
ǧӱȻҲħڲ˿ûųԻʸӺʵҪħԨ֮зҲǲ֮£ֻҪķһ۰ˡ
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˵ȷһûУһ󲨶ռ̺ͨ£
ֱռ֮ͨУɫһɣľи
ŵļսڵķѾݽߡ
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ۼħĿһҪ˵Щʲô
ڴ˿̣䶸


1459 ؿռ
ԭƽϿϿգȻ
Ϊ֮һƬյƾո֣ͬˮһ㷭ѣʹϿȽںҹһ㡣
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ڷȻݽߣûʲôˣǿ߶дķɽ֮ȥ
ûзɳԶռһֻӴޱȵľָ֣Ƭɫâ£ħһС
屻ڹ֣һȻסʱ޷ֺ
Ӵƻʵһ̣һѽġ
漴ֺܿ˿ռ֮УелƽϢʧ١
ͬӿŭ֮УΧһƬڣʶ޷壬ͬʱһɹɾ޴˺֮˷ӿ֮ǿ󣬸ܿ⡣
Ҵ˿ڷݽߣǿᣬѾ˼Ρ
ڣһξҵķ֮˾ͳ׵Ļ˹ȥ
Ҳ֪˶ãڴһʹ˹ҡҡЩ͵ԴĿɨ֮£Լһ硣
˷·Ʈſһ㣬ΧһƬڰ
΢һתվ
漴ϲķڵķ֪ʱѾָ˴룬Χĺڰռ֮УħΪŨ𵱳ħԨؾҪŨӡ
˫Ŀһյһ£ûʲô⣬֮ǰռɵҲѾʧвɵ˿
˿ħҲԣҲȫоĴڣ˱Ͼǹ״̬֪ħ첢ûбֲֻɱ
ĿЩ˸˿Źֿռ䣬ȻǸֵΪ˿̸оֵֻ˿Ϣ
ҡҡͷʹԼ侲Χȥ
ΧĺڰռŨħ֮⣬һЩŹֵܵӰ죬ĿֻܿƽʱСľ룬ʶҲܵ˼ѹƣֻӳɡ
ףĿ⿴һطֳһɫĹâ
ɫһϲæ˹ȥ㵽˸ǰ
¶˿ϲɫɫâȻһɫޣħޣ˿̾ڿռ֮У͵Ĺâ
æַһħУϲѡ
Ȼ֪ڰռʲôطǷΣգħ֮󶨡
ҪħۼһԲԶһźΧĺڰռΪһ壬Ŀ񣬲ûв
ǡһ˹ȥźһּΪϤĸо
忿˺һӿ渡ֳ⣬ĵĿ˹
ħǰȻ㣡ɫһϲ˵
е۾¶һ˿˷ɫ˼£ƺ볯ǱƮȥȴǰ
üͷһ壬ִһɺڹ⣬סǹɺԼǰ
ź˹ĻΪһڹ⣬ڣ߶ʱһѰ̾Ϣ
Ŀһûֹħľٶ
ħħѾȫҲ֣֮ǰǹɿռ˼ң嶼ܲסοħ챾ͲƲħ
ħЩŹ֣ǰڰռ˵Щ֮УûʲôŨħΪá
ħƺΪ⣬Ҳˡ
ħǰڣӦԸ˰ɣǸֲֵʲôǴ˿ĵطϵħ죬ʵ
㡭ھ졭ָȻħޡʮΣաħ϶и֣漴׳ȥ
һ漴׷˼䣬ħƺΪƣ׳˯˹ȥûκλ
Ŀһ˸Χȥ
ħĿӦö˽⣬ôеΣգ;޵ķʸˡ
ɫɿļһȫķɽ飬ս趼ڣһû١
«ҲڣЫͷɶ棬˿̲֪ΪΣ˳˯֮С
˿ħޣûĬĬתͼϵѹһϢķ˹ȥ
һӣ֪Լ˶ԶӦǧˣΧȻһɲĺڰ硣
ڰռ֮УżһƯڰյʯͷ⣬û˵Σˡ
˿վһСĺɫʯ֮ϣĿ⿴ԶлħĻüͷ΢ҡҡͷ
ȻΪֹû飬ڲǷɵʱرķûȫָ
΢һĿ⿴µĴʯִںɫʯڳһ󶴣˽ȥȻʯס˶ڡ
ʯڲʮָ㣬Χʯϣſһ󷨽ƣϢ
һкϥƬ֮󣬵ڹɢͬʱһɫ޳С
͵ĺڹħޣ͸ȥ
Ѿ˴㣬ʱֹͣжָҾܵħޡ
ڰռûҹҲ֪˶ãӦһµʱ䡣
һڰյĺɫʯһ죬䴦ƿһڣһɫӰ˳˾ʯ֮ϡ

˿̿㣬ڷ嶼Ѿȫָͬʱֱ֮ϣһɫޡ
Ŀеħϣһ˿ԾԾ֮ɫһӣɫӭǣ˲Ǵ˰ٱ
ɫޱ֮ڰռƺҪƿһ㣬Χħӿ
¶һ˿ϲһħ޻ָԭ鶯֮Ĳƣ·һɫСһ㡣
һµļѾħ޳֮ǰ쳣ѡ
ħ޺κεһһ̺ķ֮ȫģʶʮּѣҲֻħ޵Χƴת˿ûܴڲ
ҪȫħޣҪȵͨԺпܡ
ֻǳħ޵ѾԶԶϵκη
ħޣ׼һһǰɶݶȥ
ԤĿ궼ѾﵽȻħ컹Ǻѵļ󣬲ҲܼȥҪʼ̽δ֪Ŀռ䣬Ѱһ뿪
Сպ
ڰĿռ֮Уȫںɫݹ⣬ǰȥΧһƬš
һ·ֱǰڰ֮У·һĹ͡
ڰܴҲԼﲻͷ
ļյõ˻رڳǰַպǰȻֳһ͸ĻһĴڡ
Ļ֮йâֱͨʣҲȥ·Ǻڰľͷһ㡣


߾ ԭʼֻ


1460 
΢΢һٺ󣬾һͣ˹ĻԱߡ
ûóȻֽӴ۾΢еķųʶ̽ڹĻ֮ϣ̱һ
һݣһ£쿿˹ĻСĵָһ¡
ڴ˿̣䶸
Ļ֮һƬĿ׹⣬һӰס塣
ûüκηӦǰһһεת֮Ϯ
ǰָѾһƬĲԭ֮ϣǹϥݣ΢Ĵ£ͬ˰ǰȥȫʵĻϢ
գƶ䣬һ͵̫ڰա
һѹеľȣת׳Χȥ
˵ϵݣҲûʲôڣ֮ǰǵ͸ĹĻʧˡ
ոƬĻӦĳƴĶ
˲²ţΧûʲôһķɵ˰գĿ⳯ΧȥҪһԼʲôط
ڴ˿̣һƱŰĵͺ֮Զ
һݣŤѭȥȴԶ֮УһƬɫѸޱȵĳ
֮ɢһǿϢȴħϢ
һֱ˿̲ʶԼĿǰڵƬԭ֮أ̺ĺȻŨ
ĪĴ½
û״ƬɫѾɵ˽ǰɢֳһߴӰ
Ŀһɨ֮£ʱһ
ǰֳߴӰ壬ͺ£ͷϳһţǣΪ۵ģǶԷһ˫ɺɫ˫ͫɢĺ⡣
ֻĿնҳѪŭ֮⣬ƺѾûǡ
ţǴɢȻﵽڡ
ڣţǴ󺺵ͺһȻͷ˹
зһţߣһžѸǴתۼ仯ΪһͷʮɳĻɫţͷֻҲǵ˰ɳ·ѷһ㣬ײ
ͬʱһҹţϷɳûһͷ޴Ļɫţ࣬һ˹
ɫţȻѾɥʧǣսڣһײƾˣнֱɱ֮⡣
Ųæĵһӣǰֳɽ顣
ɫâ֮УɽǴתۼ㻯Ϊ˷ݴС
һųţײȥһӭţࡣ
䡱죡
ɫţķͬʱһȻˣرţ壬ͷϵţǴмѣѪ¡
ĿһԴϴκħ취ں֮Ȼ˻ڣʶеԪ֮ȴǲûмˡ
˿ʶУԪСѾȫɣԷƿ֮ǰ࣬Ҷط֮ĸҲһΣ˷ɽȻǰͬնˡ
Ǵǰ޷ƾɽһ㽫ͷڵţشġ
ɫţҡһԴƺһײ֮ˡ
ڴ˿̣ţԵһһɫСƾոֶΧţԴһơ
ţԴһΣ̹ȥ˫ĿѪһƬƺδӦԼѾ촦ˡ
ͷʬһѪҺѪ֮
ţʬڵϣ鴤£㲻ˣеţҲ֮ɢ
ɫδ䣬һУɽս˻ȴԼĿǰĴЩɻ
ʵһͨҲԲ·磬ΪֻҪûʲôͨǷ޷ʲôвˡ
οԼ䣬ɽ鼰սٳ˳ϵţʬ壬ƺ뵽ʲôüͷһεţʬԱߡ
Ȼնɱͷţǲûնɱ꣬ͷţʬϣȴоĴڡ
Ҫһ
ڴ˿̣ţʬϺðһɫĹâ۳һͷСİɫͣţʬˡ
ǺĿڰɫ֮ϣзɫâ
Ŀһɫ֮вţڣƺһŲӵš
ȻɫŻΪһ׹⣬ϡ
ɫһ䣬̷âɰ׹⻹ǴĻȦ͸ڡ
ȻƺΣȻ˴ڣҪתƳ
ͻȻ麣֮һûжСݾڴʱ׵ĸֶ
һ֣ɢһ˽ȥ
ɫһ㶣һʱ֪ô
ڴ˿̣СһһɾСз¶統䷴ᴿķһ㡣
ɾһΪһֱڣһ룬ڵħ֮С
ֻžת֮һž֮˵ĺ̹֮Уʶʱֻһʱǿ˼֡
תһȦʣһӿ˵ﴦ麣֮ڡ
Ƭ̹ʶǿ˲٣־ϲ漴Щ
ħԼụĹԼڣ˺൱һʱ䣬鼰Сݵȷûٶȳֹ㽫ˡ
Ǵ˿СݺȻðٶʲô⣿
Ƭ̣ʱ͸С֮Уͼ鹵ͨ
Ǻħһû˿ĻӦ
һΣֱСٶϢʧûеõκεķֻա
ûͣһɫݹ⣬Զɶݶȥ
ԭռ쳣һɶ߰յĹɳʮĿ֮һĲݵء
ڴڼ䣬˺üͷ󾳵ޣǶͷţһңԼ˵ĳֹ
ͼ˵ͨȴǲһ޹
֮£ֻһһնɱ
ͬðһɰɫٴγֵȡ֮󣬲ַڣʹ궼ǿ١
Ϊͻͽ۷ԽԽˡ
ħ꣬Щ룬ҲǿֻǻԲѣԼĺҲûлӦ
һ߷УһǰƬԭȴԽԽɻ
Ũ֮ˣ˵Ǿѵ֮ǳЩû⣬ȻûκεĻ
ʮգǰֳһ͸Ŀռϱڣӵأ֮ǰںڰռһģһ
΢һһֱ˹Ļ֮У׹һʧ١
ǰһһƬѩԭ֮ϣĿ֮£ǲãѩԶԼԿһЩɽ
֮ǰĲԭͬ⴦ԭռҲŨ֮ȻҲʶĹŹ
Χȥ¶һ˿Ц


1461 
ԭδɫ仯˼ɫ
ڴ˿̣һҵķӼԶͬʱ޵ı֮ƺ
üͷһ壬漴ʩչͼϢǱ˹ȥ
˰һ޴ıϿޱȵĳǰ򶷵ĲĴϿ·ġ
һϢķȥܿ˹ȵףһʯ֮
һƬԭ֮ϣ߰˸ɫӰһɫӰڼһ׹âʱΧڹȵ׵ϣһӡ
ˣ΢΢Щɫ
ЩɫӰɢѹﵽкڣǸɫӰٲȻһͨĴڡ
˶ڹâ֮УóȻųʶ̽⣬һʱҲǵ
ͻȻɫӰâһ߰˸ɫӹмΧİɫӰӺȥЩɫ֮һɫ绡˸ƣдһžը죬ȻһּΪ׵繥
ɫЩɫӰ֮ϣ׷ױѿ˼ڴʱɫӰ֮Уһϸ⼤һɫӰӡ
âһţǵϸ⣬ƺһϸβ
еİɫӰ̷һҽУİɫâɢ¶һ˰Ĺ
Ǹͺ࣬ڣ˫۹ϥ֫ϸܵİɫë·Գһ㡣
ѩ壡
Զɫһ𵱳½˵һڼ֮ص壬ǰﵹΪơ
ѩ¶κ¶ʹ֮ɫĵڵϣѸήɺɫܿһˡ
ţһŰɫʬϸֶ
Űɫ֪̺ŵĲԱԼգӦҲԱա
ɫӰһǸѩϵϸⱻ˻ȥȻûȡǸѩʬϵİɫ
ѩ˿סΣΧǸɫӰǸɫг̰֮ɫǲдƺԼǡ
һѩڰ಻סǸɫ򣬴Ȼץ¡
ѩۼ˾۴УҲ˳ȥ߸ѩΧǸɫ򣬱˴ɱȻǸɫӰһԡ
¶һ˿ɫȻûиɫӰʲôȻǼֻѩڶƺ̺һЩǻۣ֮ǰЩֻ֪ѪɱЩͬ
Ǽֻѩʵ£˴˼ҵĴ˼غϣˡ
һԵɫӰͻȻһĳս֮Уβϸ֮һ趯翳вһ㣬̼佫ЩԪ˵ѩ˾ɱ
ɢȥ¶Ĵڡ
ͫ΢΢һȻһɫ۵ӣ֮ϲһɫβһڵĹӣɢĵĺڹ⣬Ȼ̺ĳ־綾
ȻҲһƬ죬ǱЩѩ˻ܶ࣬ҲһƬն˼֮С
ӻַһ⣬ס߰˸ѩðİɫ򣬱Ҫһ¡
ڴ˿̣ǰԶһʯһԣ漴߳һͨӣ
Ӵһзһģĺȣ˲Щѩ˵ľĿһеĿٴŨɱֱϵҲͬһ㰺ͷ
²Ҫᣬûк㶯ֵ˼˵ĵ⣬æͣ˽Ų˫֣ʾԼûе⡣
ӼˣɢɱһţǼɫһԶȥ
ɫâһתϢǿЩ
Ŀһǰ߰˸ѩ˵ľϢǿôһ㣬ƺԶԶȲԼ
΢һ²µСݵԵʡ
Сܹᴿȥеʣ³ޱȣԼԶֱա
һˣ΢΢һϲȻ˿ɫδ¶
֮Щѩ˵ľ֮ɺͷͣһδ֮ɫ漴̧ͷĿƵĿ
λѣҿҲ壬ҼȻͬ壬жƺ˺ܾãӦöԴ˴ΪϤЩҪ̡仯æɿ˵
ϧ˶Ļδţ˵һ㣬˫ĿһѾһķ˹
һХֱɫһֻܿһģӰӣֱҪ
һһ㣬ź浹ȥͬʱָһӣһɫâз׼ȷסɫ
ϡһ֮âͬʱһ漴Ե˳ȥ
ɫâ˸˼£ƺܵЩˡ
ħħ꣬ħ𣬻кܶϡ֮ĲƶɣԼ̷ԣս֮¡
΢΢һƺûϵԵֵסԼĹ漴зһŭĵͺ𣬻ջɫţһͷ۵ɫӰϸֶ֮ߡ
ɫһһӴķ֮ʹɢʵʵɫȥ
Ŀһϻâţͷ֮һ߾޴ɫһ߰ɫͬʱֶ
дʣִɫһ۳һɫС
ڴһģΪһƬڽӰϯȥ
ɫ˫ĳȥɫȭӰûǰȥ
춯صһ죡
ڽӰɫȭӰɫ෢ɫϣֱ֮ӻ
һ̣߷ɢĺڰ׹âӳһһҵļӭɫȻײ
ȻڰкȻײһ¡¡һ죬ڰɫ⻷˷
ʱһŤзŭĺУ˫ĿȻʢſһѪûеɫ֮С
ɫâĿȻȫֱһ֮£иֳһɫУǹС
ɫֱһӶ֮£͡ƿ֮Ӱâиֶͬһ㳯źڰ׷༤ȥҲ档
ĿһɫӵΪͷ۵Щ½ŹеĽշ࣬ŵķ඼ǽɫǰɫģȴʵЩŹ֡
룬ж˿дʣɫâһֳʮɽ顣
ǰɽһɫâתһΪɽ嵲ǰ档
Ӱâ׷׺棬ɽ¡¡𶯡
һӣԵſɽһģһ䣬ŴƬɫϼ⣬Ӽȥ


1462 ħ
û뵽ڴ˵£ķɫһ䣬һɫǰ͸һڴֵɫӰɽ鷽ȥ
ͬʱһֻйâһƾճһͨɫ̵սȻǰһ׶
һһֻ˶ޱȵĳɫӰֶǰȥ
Ӱſֲƣ˾ſɽ֮ϡ
ɲǼ䣬ضɽҡľ촫ɫɫâ˲佻֯ڰգҵĲ˷ϯʹΧѩǵɽͷ̼仯Ϊ촷ۡ
ڴ˿̣һӰȰ㸡ֶһɫޣħޡ
ֱһһɷ֮˲ħϼΪһɵıӰһ󣬴Ӻӵ塣
ӵĻâħӰǰ·ֽһ㱻˺ѣһ̾סӵ塣
ӷ˫Ŀһ˿Ȼ֮ɫϵɫȻս
žһĴϴȫĹͷ֪ѹ˶ٸѪ硣
ܴشеɫսʱâſɽûѹĹȻ£ɫĹâû档
һ¡¡֮һ֣ջɽħޡ
ӵʬ˿Ѿ֧飬ֻʣһѲûϢ
еɫҲȥɢ
ٻ˺ڰ߷࣬ɫЩ԰ףڸǲסüϲ˷֮顣
ӷأ֮ͨҲߣֶħ޵Ĺ£Ȼķ˲ٷ֮ƽ֮ɱ
ʵѾȫͨĲΡ
ҡҡͷѹе˷ܣԸԼ
ӵʬϹâһðһ˶İɫɢ͵Ĺâ̺ľԶԶʤ֮ǰɱļͷ
ˣַһɺڹ⣬סɫĽ֮ڡ
ɫһڣ̸ֶһ˽ȥ
ιһӴ֮ľ¶һħڣһ麣֮С
϶ȻֳһĿڹ⣬壬òɢ
麣֮Уʮϵĺڰ浤õǹɾǴ࣬ɢĹâԼкɫơ
ʶУɫԪС˴˿Ҳһɾľעɢ͵Ĺâ
˫ĿڤǾȫתɢĺڹԽԽ
һ֮ϵĹâȥ˫ۣ¶˾ϲ֮ɫ
ͨʿľΪνͻͽ۷Ҳֻһ֮ңˡ
ֻҪٶһЩ۷壬ָտɴˡ
ĿһתӶһԵսֽ
ȻǶ취ƷʶΪ
漴ַһ£Źֵǣϲ֪ΪΣûд﷨вЩʧ
˵ڼҵ׷ޱȣطǸ﷨Ѿϸˣеĸ䱦ħԨؾеõ˱ﻹҪࡣ
ϸϣҩʤҲ̰ͼһͨʿĲ
ʧǣûܴӴҵһЩȷԼεء
ʱһ·Уպ󣬷ɳƬѩ֮أһƬԭʼ֮С
ȻƬԭʼȴֻʮʱ䡣
ԭڽԭʼֺͻ룬ҪŴӽĿռ߽紦˻ȥǷԻص֮ǰıѩռ䡣
һת̤ǲ͸Ļǰ׹һһͷĿѣ󣬳ǰĲǰѩȴһƬ̫ͬɽһɽ֮С
ͬŨ棬ȺɽΡࡣ
δ俴ΧĻɺƴҹϢͻȻԼ
ͬʱǰɽ֮УͻȻһƬɫϼ⣬ƬɽӳյĽͨ͸һɹȻѹ׷״гʹøһҷڡ
ڷɿǴĽɫϼб
ʱɫ䣬Ҳһ߷Ϻһͬ㵹ȥ
ȻûʲôȴԿ϶ǣЩϢѹͨĴڷġ
ʵԶͨܣûԴ󵽶սͨĵزв롣
ͬʱֱγֵļпĳͨޣҲ˵ǱϣҲʮ鷳
ͷת䣬ٴν͸Ļ֮С
һ̣δ俴ǰбᵽһɬĺ硣
ʶɿһɨȷΧûʲôΣպ϶ݹһ𣬻Ϊһڹǰٷȥͬʱһſһɫ
һɳǧֺȷʵûʲô׷Ŵ˿ͣ˰У˱ɫ
ʱŷ֣Լ֮һƬ鲼ڴ󺣣ЩдСι״˷ӹȥ֪ͷ
Ϊȵǣ⴦ռŵ̹ǵڵĺˮɢ;ڤΪơ
̤ڤԣûκβ֮ԼڤǾԼƬռ˲䣬ת
漴תһ뷽ŵľЩԳһЦ
ԼҪôܣҲЩͨǲǻԼ̤͸ϣĹɣԷ׷Ҳᱻռġ
оյһĻҲ֤ʵһԼĲ²⡣
磬Ӧðռ䣬Щռ䲢ǹ̶ģֻҪ̤ЩռıԵϣᱻ͵һռ֮С
ֻ˽ЩԼ룬û˿Ϊ˼ֹɫʡ
ЩƵҡҡͷ׼Ҫ뿪ʱڵħͻȻ΢΢һ£˹
ħǰˣæͣ½Ųϲ˵
ָһǡħƣޱȣƺʱٴλ˯ȥ
ħǰﵽʲôطȻ˹Ź֣üͷ壬æЩʱյľħ˵һ飬ʵ
վûѡû´ĻӦڹħ֮Сħ̾˿ĬƬ̺󿪿˵ƺЩΡ
ħ磿
Ŵ˻ɫһ֪ΪΣвûие̫ȡ
Ϊħ֮ǰ˵ֲֵֻǹħһħˡ
ԣħôʱʱְֳֻץкͼ漴оЩԾϾطԼеĹħʵǴྶͥæʵ
ڡ㲻ҪЩĻԣҲ˵һԵӦҪһ֮㾡׵֮ͨħ϶˵
δ˵꣬ʶƺٴλԹȥûϢ
˼ûеõӦ󣬿вɵ̾˿
ħĿƺڶ
ħ첻˵һʱҲûʲô취Ҳֻһһˡ
ԭͣãе˼úһŻΪһڹ⣬ʧԶ


1463 ϤӰ
һֱǰʱܾɫȻʼ޹ʣϵĵ𽥱ϡ
ڴ˿̣ԶȻбɹŻҰ׹âдһķ˴ƺ׷ɱ
ԶԶĿΣ˫üɵһ
Żҹɢѹ󾳲ΣΪ۷壬޼ӡ
Զħƺħˡ
üͷ΢壬дʣϷһ⣬Ӱڰʧ١
ŹâٶĿ죬תۼ㵽˸
ˣͷħı塣
ĸߴͷ˫ǵħˣһϷŮӣʮģȻ˫ĿѪ죬ܿŮ毺õݡ
ħ˱˴ɱǸŮħȻԵ˼֣ƾһ񻷣Ҳû·硣
ĿϷŮϸ˼ۺ󣬲ɵüһŮһ˿Ϥ֮Уƺļһ㡣
ˣǧӱ
һ
ˣŮħ˵ģǧӱΪƣһͷɫһģһֻǶԷ˿һ׺ݵģһʱû
ĿЩ˸ѵϷŮħ˺ǧӱʲôϵ
ڴʱһħкڹһһĹмڰ;һΪֱնϷŮħ˵ĲСʹȡ
˿ϷŮħںһͷħѽѷ֣ۼŭһ֫һŤԱ߶
ͣ
ϷŮħȻ˲ϻǱһ˿ڣѪӵ
ѪζƺĴ̼ͷħˣжʱţͬʱϷŮħȥ
ϷŮħԭǿڶ֮У˿ˣֱΧʱˣۿҪܡ
ڴ˿̣һħһһ͸Ӱֶһ󣬴̴ͷ­
ħ˵ԴʱѿΪһѪꡣ
͸Ӱһʧ٣һֹ̣ĳһͷħ˵ͷһ⣬ն¡
ħɫ䣬Ȼ÷ûһܣ͸Ӱǰã͡һ˱룬Ѫ¡
ϷŮħЩȻĿǰһĻܿĿͷնɱħϡ
ʬðɫϷŮħ¶һ˿̰ηȥһסſȥ
Զİ֮УӰһӰֶĿЩĿǸϷŮħˡ
ϷŮħϸֳɫâ˿Ҳɿ츴ԭϵԻָƽģ
ȻĿһа̾˿
ϷŮӵòǧӱ߰˷ƣֻǿǧӱࡣ
ϷŮӵݣѾ˼ֲ²⣬ϲŮӦǧӱʧٶĸס
һˣǧӱǰĺܶΪЩˣͬʱֶ˼ɻ
ǧӱħԨؾ˵ҪѰĸ׵ټ֮ħԨ˵ı֣ǧӱκͻʸǵĽ̸еĲ²⽥ʡ
ĿǰԼӦħԵʲŻᱻַֻ²ֵ磬ǧӱĸףԼɫɫˣѵҲˣ
ɿת벻ʲôͷ
̾˿һϷŮħ˿һЩ
θϷŮǰɴϷŮѾݺݵĿ˹Ѫâ
δڣϷŮ͵һΣһ̱ǰһӣɫгն¡
üͷһ壬ָɫ赭дĻϷŮӵĹ
¿Իǰ̽ԵĿʵ
ϷŮӻδţң֮ɫ裬Χһ
һߵֵһͼ佻̸ϷŮңʻû˿Ӧ˼
ϰ̾˿ɫâһһž޴ɫӸֶһȦɫȦɢϷŮ˳ȥ
ϷŮʮЩηĿۣһȻԶɶݶȥ
һҪ׷ȥϷŮӿҵģŲͣ
ϷŮӵĶݹڼ󣬺ܿʧԶӰ
ʧķҡҡͷһһȥ
ϷŮǷǧӱĸףռ֮УԹѾЩ覣ҲûжȥԷˡ

ʱת۹˰ꡣ
һɽ֮أɫŨ̹гǵϢ沼ݺύĿӵȹҽлʡ
ԶʱлɽͷڵͳĺУɫҽ
һɸߵԲ״ɽݹһǰһĻն
ǰһɫݹ⣬ܿһòͨӰ
ģһɫĻâȴһɫе󺺣׷ں档
ֽ¶棬Ƥϳ˳ɫƬͷϻֻɺǣɢѹȻһʵʵͨޡ
ͻȻһһڣ۳ֻɫ񣬷ǧ֮ǵصļȥ·׼ʸһ㣬;һڵӡۡ
Щٶȼ죬תۼ׷ǰŴƬɫϼ֮֯£ۿҪ档
ɺɫ۾ֳһ˿ɫֻҪЩסƬ̣׷ȥԷʬΡ
֪ЩոոĶݹȻһһɽ˰Ȧ·һǹ̵ɽȥ
ֻʱգǰɽ֮ϣ׷ױѿɽ廯ΪɢʯͬʱҲΪ˵档
ûݹһɽ֮У˺֮Уƺ굽
󺺴ŭзһȣ˼׷˹ȥ
ηɽ˺֮Уǰպһһɫâֶһ½档
Ѫɫ˫ͫһ˿ɫϳɫţҪطɶݳȥɽ긽Ȼĵɫ
ԭס󺺵Ļɫâ⣬ֳָһƬīˮâһϫӿ
ϵĳɫ汻ɫˮâһ壬ʱϨ˺ܶ࣬ɶݵҲ
֮ӰһӰֶԱ߻һɴŮͯӣиһ̣дʡ
ƻ¡󺺣ĿһԸ
ЫͷɶӦһһ·󷨽֮С
Ļƺɫϼ̸ϫС죬ԽԽԽԽƵľޱߵͷһƬǡ
˿̵ķ֮Уһͻҳ֮£ָ޷Ǿŭ֮ɫһϺһ󣬺ȻΪһֻʮɴСĳ׾ޣϳɫۼףͷǣʹеʥ޵мƵӡ
󺺻Ϊ壬ʵ̴ǻƺɫϼⲻ֪ʲô󷨣쳣ڳ޵ĳ֮ŭеĽʯȻ


1464 Խ
֮ĳޣĿһּħޣһεԾС
ţɽϿոɫϼⷭڰн֮£˷ɢͬʱ¡¡дв˻
Сʱ˻Ȼֹɽе󷨹âҲɢ
˳Щ𻵣ȴ˸ŨŨϲɫ
ɽеĺɢ¶ֻ޵ʬ塣
Ŀ⳯ΧȥĿЩ
ʱ䣬һֱͼѰҳ·ϧδʲôʵԵĽչ
ڼħҲ϶ѹΣÿλδʳʲôٶ˻֮С
֮£ƾԼֵҲ˽˲١
һһСһĿռɣÿռ䶼죬вԭԭɭ֣ɽشȵȣе̺ħе߼֮Ҳνǧ
Щռ֮У˸飬ħˣˣҲʿһЩ˵ֵĹŹ顣
Щ鶼һȫɥʧǣЩռĴߣһ໥̿սȻʤɶԷľҲŰɫ򣬴ӶٵǿԼΪ
ϵħ죬Ϊܹħʮ⣬ʶҲһһĽɥʧԵʱҲԽԽɱ飬ɵľҲвעħڣħȻû˿תļ
ԭӦúʹ˵شڵĳֹŹֵйء
ħ飬ĳ˵Ӧͬ࣬ܵĳӰɥʧǡ
ħпܱһΪûʶĴڡ
οǣԼδħһʧȥʶΪԼȻħĹϵϺħ컹ģԻ᲻ܴӰ졣
һԼÿնɱһ飬ڿԻöԷĲΪ
ħνġԵɡ
ݡԵͬʱʱžһķգҲΪͨҲǴڡ
ϸ£һεռУһͷǧ֮Ĳ׺ޣͷɢ͵֮ĸ޼Ŀֲѹ
ҿʱҵ˱ԵĴ͹Ļʱ뿪ȻᱻͷһɣͷӶʣ
֮⣬ʮεķܹ̽õЩľҺ޸á
ڷЩУһڸռѰҳ·ͬʱҲʶɱЩֻ֪Ѫɱ飬ʹԼΪͻͽ
۷ΪѾﵽ󾳵۷塣
ոǸͨ޵ľʹڷֻ˼֡
Ҳ˵Ѿֻ̤ͨż
֮ǰħͨҪ֮
ȻԷ֮Ҳ˽⣬Ͼӵеɽ鷨ħޣ̺֮챦ܾͨȱһ˿
ħŵĻһйؽ֮ͨ£ħһѣѾһˡ
ҡҡͷĿĳΧ˼ۡ
Ѿɽռ˴£طҲֻһѰĿռ䣬û֮
ҪǰУڴ˿̣ͷһһƬ޴ӰȻֶͬʱһȻľѹĴһѹ¡
ɫ䣬ܶæһķ·ɽ֮Уͬʱͼڴ߶£ȫϢĶĿ⳯ȥ
ѹİȻֲֻɢġ
¶ɫѵֵֻˣ
Ƭ֮еѸʧǹɿֲѹҲ֮ɢˣƺֻǴǰ·һ㡣
ۼջָԭвɵ˿
Ҫ뿪֮ʱϺڹһһģӰȻֶħ졣
ħǰ㡭ˡһһ˿ϲɫ漴ֱЩûʧ
ΪһǰǴѣֻ˼Ĺѡ
Ȼʱħ̧ͷŸ߿ȥĿиֳĪɫûٴԡ
һ֪ոչȥǸӰʲôɣħĿڣ˵
ɫһħεĳ֣ƺǰЩͬƺ¶ĳ־һ㡣
̵˵ͷһֱͷ
֮ǰҲ˵ֵֻǹħһħˣҲǸոճֵǸ޴Ӱԭʼħħ̾˿˵
ԭʼħһǰħ伮дδᵽ
˵ԭʼħѾ޴ӿֻ֤֪ǴϹʱڱǱڹħһħˣΪѴﵽ۷塣㣬һֱͼͻﵽߵľ硣ħûɻ󣬼˵
ѵ֮ϣиߵľ磡һ
֪Ӧһ۷Ϊˡ
½Ĵ½ħ½Ǿڤ磬ûļĴܣҪĻ֮ĸǿһʱΪ̫С޷̵ᡣ
Ȼһط֮ﵽͬٵĳ̶ȶѣʱɳ뵱ǰ棬߽ˣȴᱻ淨֮Լпܵ䣬ʬ޴桭дһط򣬱ܴﵽһеľ磬뷨֮ƿءʵ½ħ½ͬһ棬֮ϣи߼Ľ棬ΪԵõ㵱½ʱǵһΪϽĵطǸ߽ĳ̮γɵһطħ˵
˵ͷǿƽз糱˼
̫ԼϹʱڣĴԶڶö࣬ڷ߽֮ʱȴǾһԭʼħһֱͣ½磬Ϊܹٽһʱգ߽棬㰲ȫࡣħ¶һ˿ɫƺЩ
ԣ˵ͷ
һΪﵽûԪƣв˺ܹܶ࣬ǣģȷҲֻи߽ˡ
˵Щֺʹ˵ʲô뵽ʲôʵ
Ҫͻ̸ףλԭʼħΪ˴ﵽһĿģ˼ڤ֮£һͨԪֻǧֻ꣬Ͷ뵽½ֻ֮תһЩûгϣħâһ˵
ŵйâһƺ뵽ʲôû˵
Щ鱻ħֻ긽壬ӵй˵֮ٶȶǼ죬һзֻ׵ϣÿΪףܻᱻħħ֪ƿץߣͶΪֻؾĿռ֮Сֻؾгһħֻ궼･ɥʧǣһɱɣӶͨĴڡһħħնɱɵӶǿԼʵħ˵


1465 ֻ
ħԣһ
ԭԼռֻؾҾ;
ħ˵ģֻؾֱԭʼħڹħһ֮أϵķֻͶУͨɱʤ̭ĴڣɣѰһ˿ͻƵĿܡ
ħһۣȻħνһħֻꡣ
֮⣬飬ǧӱĸףŷ飬ӦҲڴࡣ
ŷ齫ħںɵģԼŷӦòࡣ
ô˵ѵЩֻ궼ԴУһ£ʵ
Ȼᣬħֻֻʱ򣬻ὫЩֻļӡЩ˱ץǰڲ֪״̬żҲڱץǰ;Ѳּ֮ˣϤħıǰټƵԼϵħϢԸͻ󾳡ħ쵭˵
һˡ̾˿
ҵ֪ºǧټƵ跨ԼڵħϢֻǽͨħϢʵڹӴѾ޷أʱʱ̴̿ħв£νǵսľһżȻ£ҵõ취һ׼󣬸ɴԭ걻ӡűܹħ̽飬ǿħ鵭Į˵ţƺ˵ĲԼɵһ㡣
ħ죬¶һ˿ɫ
ħ˵ȻƽȴܵħеľͶ·һͨħˣĻӣϸԸ
˵Щ׼Ƿ֮¡Īؼնħֵİ취ˣͷתɫʵ
ٺ٣˵ûʵҪⱻħ֣Ҳûа취ֻҪͻɳװħƿˡħ˵һ˵Ϣ
һδ俪ڣħ˵еô꣬ҲһãȻûڲطѾСɣڽǷȱģֻһߺʵһԲŻ뵽æħͬʱҪû쾵Ѱͻơϧ㲻㣬ջǱħץ
ѵûа취ӳֻؾĿһĿʵ
֪ûеģ㿴ε֪һˡħҡҡͷ˵
һ˿Ȼ
ѾûʱˣֻؾܵӰ죬ҵѾӽʱữΪһֻ֪ɱ¾ķӣһħĵ˵
ɫһ䣬ħııˡ
İɣһɱ¾ԭʼħɽԪԷ֮ĸȫעڣõҵľܹ׵Ľ׵ͨħ쵭˵
ΪҪңһ
ףħ˵Ĳǲܵġ
ħĹϵȽϸӣӵħµĹӡǣ൱ĳ̶ֳϵһ˫꣬ħ潫ԼͨķԼ֮УҲʲôų⣬пܻͻͨ
Ҳ޳ôģҪħģպΪһ¡ħ쿴˵
üͷһ壬Ƭ֮ʵ˵ɣʲô£
ҪպɱħҲΨһӳķʽħ¶˳޵Ĺâһһ˵
⻰ã漴Ц˵Ц𣿾˵ǸħΪѾ۷壬ҳһ۷ʿܹͨħǰҲһֻ϶ѣôնɱħ
ճ˵ȴֿԡħ¶һ˿Ц⣬˵
⻰Ǻ⣿üͷһ壬ʵ
˵ڵǸСݣҲħ쵭˵
ԣüͷĸ
УǸʲôħʵ
⡭
ſڣȻǸʼʱڣ࣬Ƕ䵽ʲôһֱûŪס
ɣǸʵͷϹʱԭʼħļͷרħһħ׳һʯ쾪Ϣ
˻棿ſڽ࣬˵
ԭʼħʹﵽĶͷȻҲȻġ
ĶͷıȻҲһ㡣
ô˵ܻЩʵֻһԿ׶ѣܹԿħֶΣһȴ֮УʲôֶΣҲö֪ˡħ˵
һеĸַӿԺкĸֳܾǰռȷʵֹһɫ飬ʱ޲T˵һЩĪĻʱ޲TƺڰʾԼʲô
ԴҲȫһ֪޲TӦúһЩҪȴţΪˣҲǵõϿɲСħ쿴ϵ仯΢΢һЦ˵
ĬȻããħ죬ӦãҴӦ㣬պܽǸţõԸħֶΣȻħһս
ҲˣǴ˿ħĽ飬һֻؾС
һһħԼȻҲ֡
ȵһھͽħǿԼΪƴħһս
ãӽԺңҾ㡣
ħŴ˻¶һ˿ѰЦݣзһЦ
䣬˼Ź϶ʱȼ𵭵ĺɫ棬̼ס塣
ڻ֮Уģ壬ʧ
˿Ŀɫһ
˵ħϵ˵Ϻûһֱǻֻ˿ħҪʧнסӿֳһָ
ҡҡͷеѹ¡
ںɫ˿֮£ħԽԽСһӺΪһŵİɫ򣬾ͻɱֻؾħһ㡣
ǰİɫ¶ɫ˿ҲоħκϢˡ
ĺһ£ûǰɫ򣬶裬һâзɽ
Ƭ֮ɽ֮ſһɫ󷨣â˷ԲɵķΧ
֮ϣһֳָһɫĻ漴ſһɫĻ
һӺɽΪģʮ󷨹âֶΧͰһ㡣
ЩŷģϥһӣɫŶʱ塣
֮ǰͬСݾûг֡
¡
һ治ɵǿķʱֱӿ壬ɿ˳ľһȦע뵽麣֮С
ͬʱһǿľҲӿʶ֮УԪС˵õɾǴ˱
ϴĸܵɾУ̺һɫģħķ֮˿ҲޱԪ֮С
ԭˣؼڰ֮У岻ɢɫâ
ΪģΧԪһ޴ԪУԲ˹
ϵĺڹһ۳ɫģɢԽԽֲϢ
ΧڣҲû̫Ϣй¶ȥ


1466 ط
ɫΧ廷һȦ漴ûڡ
ڴ˿̣ϹâһֳһɫĹâ漴һΪɫģΧһȦҲ׷һŵûڡ
ɫâɢһֳָˮɫĹâƬ֮󣬻ΪһƬˮɫģҲڡ
ˮɫâʧ֮ûٳ״
ڴ˿̣ͷһһĺɫС˸ֶԪ
ԪСΧɫƣһڣһƣһ
ɫƶϸСɣַĻԪߡ
ɫ֮УƵɫҲƺƵĴС޼
ԪַܵĿȥ¶ɫ
ڴ˿̣ɫĹâȻţԪС¶һ˿ʹɫԪгһ·˿һ㣬ڸ졣
ڴ˿̣һϷԪСһģɻʶ֮С
һصʶԪйӿƺһҵһйһ㣬ڡ
ϺһһƬɫĻ棬棬ϵת˲ڻջٻΪ˻ҽ
ϲ޸߸߹Ŀ飬ʵƤֽĹͭɫ󣬷·һ㡣
ںںɫ֮£¶΢΢ʹɫ·ӽһндһ㣬ͨ
ëвϵһЩɫҺ壬·ڵһ㣬ճ忴Ӵ⣬ĹԼԼܹ
ںɫĻһӣ麣֮еĺڰɫ浤һ𣬷һĻɿɢˮһ㱻浤˽ȥ
ɫһɣȫɹ֮⣬̹쳣һ֮дӿ̲ס̧ͷ죬зһХ˷Բ
ХͬףڷԲڹӹΧĻɽͬ쫷ϯ޴ɽҲ¡¡
ҿһƬûڣХһ𣬶ȻҪͷѣ
Х֮վϴһɫۡ
һɾĺɫֱʣΧʮ󷨽Ҳ˿޷ֵ
˿òûз仯ɢϢѾ䣬ǰۻ룬ʱ޿̲ɢǿ
Ǵ˿̣˷ƽƽ޳֮ɢڹ⣬һѰʿ
۹ȴܿƽ֮£̺źεɲܡ
һڵķ¶һ˿ϲɫ֪Լط֮˳׵ͨҿħԵʣ˿ɢϢѾԶԶ˻ʸǣͨڣ˼ֻʸӺط˵ĸо
֮⣬ԼļУƺһЩҵƬΡ
ЩУǿƴճһЩʵ
ԼƺһǧħӵλߣԸб壬˶һ˱Ƚϼɵ⣬ĿһУη塣
Щ̫ң޷ҳʲôõϢ
һ㣬Կ϶ǾӦòħ졣
ֻһ˼㽫Щҵͷ׿ˣϾΪȻﵽͨǻһѹҪԡ
ɽϷĸ߿У֪ʱֳ˴ƬƬĺƣס˴ա
֮д¡¡죬һִĵâͬ߰ںз󲻶
·ƾջûһɹڵ쫷ХߣɽͷʯȫУ÷顣
ɽ֮УӰһӰֶյĺơ
Ӱһ֣յĺƺӦʲôҵķƺˮһ㡣
Χĺɫ쫷ҲȻ󣬷·ɫܣĿмʱɽ긽ļɽֱڷʧˡ
Χľû¶˿ηɫ
ͨѾħ˽һЩֳΪ׽٣ͬЩ׽١
еĺƹӿķһ쳹ʵ¡¡죬ƾճһԲĺɫ󶴣Х֮һ漴һɷзɾ¡
ʼˣ
ɫһ
ɫһ뿪ڶ̷ɿ󣬻Ϊǵصɫ磬ҳһѹ¡
ɫ֮УŰСķиֶһƿռȥ֮һںĿռѷ졣
лУѰ˿̻رնΣΪˡ
ȻѰˣһһɫŶһɫϸֶÿһ궼Ľɡ
ɫкХն֮ܵϣѿ
ɫΧʱŻɢɫʼտȻû˿ļ
յĺڶһ¡һɻɫ֮縡ֶ
ɫ֮ҲһֳСķУϢϯ¡
εķȴǻҰɫģȻͨʵȴ̺ȻξȻȸղŵɫд˺ܶ࣬ڽɫ֮ϣܶطȱڡ
ɫ΢΢һеͺһϸֳһ㵭⣬һ溮֮ɢ
ΧĽɫҲһ⣬·һһ㣬ɫȹ
ɫŰһʱɢյĺڶйâһһƬɫĿ縡ֶ
ʱһһֵķٴӰյĺڶдХȥ
һһҹ֮оֲͬķϯϡ
˿ȫһݴСɫ֮УֱֳһЩɽӰɫӣɢӨâ
ʮɽûɣɽ鷨ռֶΣ֡
Χ˿ΧһɫĿ磬ɫĳɫĻ֡
ÿһγڻһĺۼ
˿ȫעڷעУά֡
ɫĿһʱɢеľ޴ڶ˸һ󣬻ֺ
һطڶɹ˿ڵķ˽һ룬ȴҵԣΪ׽ٲµġ
˼䣬յĺпʼֳһɫ绡۳״
ˣ
ϰٿĥ̴Сɫ˷ĸֶʹ÷ԲﷶΧ̼仯ΪһƬ׵纣һУӰ³ǵص׼ȷȥ
˿˫һ֮мִɫ绡漴ɢһž޴ͷ
ɫɫ֮ϣɲǼֵ绡֯һžУɫ׷ѿΪһϸСɫ绡ɫ֮С
˿ײ׷еڣɳס˵һ׽١


1467 ɽ
¡¡
յƹӿɫĵ绡ɢƬɫ׵縡ֶ
һΣɫ绡û۳򣬶Ѱ׵̬׹£ÿһɫ׶ֱ۴ϸдһͷƤž졣
ڶɫף
ɫһӴ˷ע룬֮мɫ绡ִһ࣬ɫâţʵ˼֡
ɫ绡֮ϣ̽ɫҲ
ɫƷʾԱȲϾףʵ̫࣬˳֮£ǾҲЩŲסˡ
ҧأȻһڷٴμӴɫ绡ͷĵſȶ
аЩڣЩæΪûдǰսƷѡúüһ¡
ͨ׽ٵԶԶԤϣɽڵֵٵʱѾСʱóҲ޲
ȻǴ˿ķѾ˴룬Ͼ⻹ֻǵڶ׽٣滹߲ڵвЩ
֮еƼµ׽٣һɫ绡ʼĸֶ
ܿЩɫ۳Σȴһɫ׻ģ

Ŀӽɫ׻ɨüһ漴ʲôһȡɫĲлǵħԨõǬ׻زл
˲лԴһ֮󣬱㼸ûзã뾳Уȴ˴˻ȴеһǱܹɸ׵֮
˿̣׽Ѿʼ£һɫ׻Ӱ£ɫ֮ϡ
ɫ׻һ׷ըѿ
ɫȻٵط̱㱻˺˿вٺĽɫ׻¡
ۼ˾Ŀһſһɺڹ⣬סǰزл
زлɢ׹⣬ǿ۳һĹȦһ󣬵ͷ
ͬʱϺڹһֳһɫɴۣɴ
ȻֻѰĲΣǱҲԣ׵֮ķ൱
ոЩеĽɫ׻Ѿߣžըڶ
ĿЩ˸һҧͨ߶زлӭȥ
һ˶Ľɫ׻زлɢĹȦɫ׻һ漴Ϊһɫ绡ֱ˹Ȧʧˡ
Ǭײл΢΢һɢĹâһЩ
һɣ漴ϲԤȻû
ƿ֮žըܼĴ
Ľɫ׻ӵһǬײл㾡ɢΪĽɫ׵磬лһ˽ȥ
һϰٸƾ˵Ľɫ׻еĵĽɢزлɢĹâҲһʼ࣬ɢĹȦϡ
Ȧ֮Уزлꡱһ½һȻѵĵطɼѾһµԲ
ۼ˾Ȼϲѡ
Ǭ׻ʲôεķڶǺƷԼߣ㲻Ǻħһ֮ҲǶĶ취
ԵħԨܹû׵ħڵƣǬ׻Ѿﵽ֮Ρ
¡¡
˿̰еƿʼµ׽١
˿̣Ѿ˵
һ󷭹ɫ绡ֶһ̳·¡
Щɫ绡ɢǿҵ׵Ϣҷ·һ㣬Ĺвͣ任λ״һۻң޷Ӧ֮С
һˣҪЩæңڵ˵ȴʲô
ɵĻִһǬ׻ɢĹȦǴ˼֣סͷ
ЩɫαǧնҪͷһǬ׻ĹȦЩɫҲ·ʯͷ˲ʧ١
ϰٵɫףǬ׻ɢĹȦ࣬Ȧ֮пʼֳɫ׹⡣
һһ׽£Ҳһһǿ˵߲֮׽пʼһЩ֮
Ǭ׻Ź֮ķǰµǺ׽٣ᱻһգҪķֺ
ɵ׵֮Խ࣬Ǭ׻ɢĹâԽ󣬻ϵĶѺۼҲԽԽǳ
վǬ׻ĹȦ֮£ĿЩ˸
ڸղţڰ˲׽ҲǬ׻ȥ
ڰ˲׽µ׵֮ȻɢɫâľףмֽţǬ׻Щ׻Ǳɡ
յƴ˿ٴιһһ׽ƴɫ绡ٴθֶγֵľԱһǿ࣬ÿһ绡ֱ۴ϸĺ֮
¶ɫĸܵЩ̺Է֮Ѿﵽһ˺صĵز
дʣϺڹţзһХһһ߾޴
һӣڰ׷໺ںһ𣬻Ϊһ߰ڰ׵Ĺ취ࡣ
ں֮󣬺ڰ׷ɢϢӴࡣ
ڰ׷൥ץâһһɫĳޣħޡ
֮УƷһ޴ɫ绡£б˴һ𣬻ΪһŰ֮޵ģڰ֮ͣ
ȫ䱸ۼ˾ʱΪ֮һȴȫԤϡ
ڴ˿̣޴˱仯һſڡ
һֱֻ۴ϸ͵ĵӾз
ǵɢɫâѾǳǳֳһֻɫ̻
Ծ֮ǰİ˲׽٣Ҫˡ
⿴ƽδ£һɿֲ֮ķ֮ͺ׵һֶ¡
ãſģбһ˿˿̸ܵ״׵編֮ɫȻ䣬һꡣ
ĺڰ׷ڿնħ޻ΪһӰӭǵ⡣
ͬʱһֱͷǬ׻ķһಡһмǵ⼤ȥ
һ춯صľ죡
һȦĿ̹ȦʱΪģΧɢ֮ŽȵϢ̹˷ԲķΧڴ˷ΧڵһУһȻķ֮֡
߰˸֮ɽϿյĳâɢһӰĵĴӰ
˿ɫ԰ף役һƬڵ֮һſһѪ
һֻħޣ¶һνڵĺۼȻûжѣɢ˺ܶࡣ
һֻһƴСԲǬ׻浹Ǻ޽ںۼ
֮еľ޴üƺ¶һ˿ʣݺݵһۣ漴ǻɢ
ž޴ɢоۼҲƾʧպָܿƽ·ʲôҲûгֹһ㡣


1468 ɫ
վԭأȡһöҩ£ת߶ҩɫŽָ˼Ѫɫ
ħϵĽںۼ¶һ˿ɫ
ǵɫȻһ׵֮Ͻĳףȫھ֮ϣ֮ħȵһ׵ֱ֮Ǭ׻˴룬½ձҪڴˡ
ңǸ޴ֵʮΣͨ׽ٵ飬ǰħ˺ܶ࣬û˵ᷢġ
²⣬ǸϽ֮ĳʩչûɵġ
ҡҡͷЩƵͷ׳
һͨʿôϽ֮˵ע⡣
ΣԼȹͨʮط׽٣һһɽеУٶϥ
˿˲ᣬؽҪúþһʱָԪ
֮ǰµʮƣԼ·ܵķ׽ٲӰС˿̻ʣ°ϣɽ֮лǰȫġ
֮ſһɺڹ⣬סħޣս
˱ܵһЩˣҪָܻ
漴ͷһֻеǬ׻һ˿ɫ
˿ɢɫ׹⣬ƴӵĺۼ˿̿Ѿǳˣ·ϸϸĺһ㣬ע⼸
ʵЩ죬Ȼܹ׽֮ͨ׵֮޸ʵһѵõ챦
ңоĵӦͨ׽٣Ǭ׻ƺûзӳʵ
ˣʵ̫ˡ
µķǬ׻Ƭ̣ûоʲôãҡҡͷ˫ۣĬĬת
ڴ˿̣кķһһĪϢסԼȫļ͸˽޷ǰ
ǰûгֹ
Ϣô£۾վ૵˵Ŀ⳯Χտȥ
â˸ħͫת£һ䡣
ħȫڵħѪ־࣬ħͫĿٴδ
ħĿ֮ͨ£ǹϢĸԴΧ֮һּѪɫ۹
ɫһϺڹһֳһȦȫ档
Ȧ֮Уȥ漴üͷһ壬ɫȦ޷ֹЩ͸
ѵɽԵʣ
Ŀһ漴ɿɽе̵һȥ
Ȼˣǲû˼ֻҪҶ񻯡
֮ͨĶٴڳͼļӳ£ܿˣڰ֮󣬳һƬĮ֮С
ƵǣȻѾԶ֮ǰĻɽ򣬵ΧеĺȻûˡ
ڴ˿̣ǰĮ֮гһͨӵصİɫϣһ͹Ļ
¶һ˿ϲɫԥһͷ˽ȥ
ǰɫһ仯һ̳һŻɫŨĵطһʱʲôط
˲ϹĿϹļæΧȥɫѿ
ռ֮УȻҲֵĺ
еķԽԽأ˿ѾתһɹɱŭҲֳһѪ˿ɱս
һ뵽һܡ
ħľҲͬʱ̳ħȫħ֮Ϊһħֻĸ֮ˣħֻûʲô
ֻؾȻĳ÷ֻ𽥷Ľƣǰϵħ겻࣬ûжӰ죬Ѿһħֻ꣬ĽƿʼǲӰ졣
ʱҲỺʧȥ־Ϊֻɱ¾Ĺ
һ뵽ֿܣһȻҡҡͷ
ʧȥǣҲʧȥ˷ħΨһᣬȥҲֻΪħ¡
֮ǰöԲߣ
ĬĬתʶеľҲܵԪС˸סĵ׵ʹԭıЩ
а˿ǰգǼᶨĿǰʱܹеɱ¾ᱻϮǡ
ͷ˼һôʱǰŨܻ֮УһҵĶ¡¡ľ֮
üͷ΢壬ԥƬ̣ʩչͼмŷǱ˹ȥ
ǰһ··̣ܿ췢ɫһƻڵĵطĵһЩɫɳأżҲһЩߵʯɽͻ档
еŻɫɢһ΢̵ζûʲôΣƺĳεá
һɳǰĴϺ׵ѿһ޴Ͽȣʮ޵ȥ
ҵĶǴϿ֮дġ
ǱϿȱԵûзȥ·ȥɫ΢΢һ
ֻϿ֮УһɳľںӰɱһ
Ǿͷ­߰ͨ岼ɫۼףɢĿĽɫΣԶԶȥоһ߹Ϣ
ִֻ׳צŽɫĻ棬֮оһŤϸߡ
ͫ͵һͷƽκȻʹеϹҾͶ֮䣬һĪ
һϣǰļ֮С
룬˵Ϲֻ̫ʱڣϹʱھ伣ˣΪĴ½ҲѾûĴڣֻһЩԳ塣
׺֮ĺʱеһ֣Ѫȴʮǧ
ѵ岢ûʲôطѪͳоȲѡ
ԾɢϢȻԶħʻʸӺ֮ϣһЩ֮ĸĸо
ֻؾеڶ˵ȴڡ
ĿЩ˸
Ѿ׵ͨͨ󾳾гкСĻֻ֣ݶԷ̶֮ȣǿ֮
ͨڣħʣطǴͨ翿۷ĵطʸǣҪһЩ
Ȼոսͨĸޱȣ̳ħΪͶԺڰ֮ķ򣬶ڶɽԵʣˮԵķ֮ҲһЩ
ʵ˵ԾԼʱѲħʣطˡ
ǺȣеĸоǿҵĲࡣ
ûﵽֻһ˿ľ롭
ǿԼ侲ϸӦһ£ͷϵϢȻӴ󣬵ǲû֮ĸԲ֮УԼһ˿
СԼϢ֮ͨĳͼͨҲܷﵽľⲢûʮա
˿Ŀں;Ӱ
ӰҲɢǿϢÿһڻʸӺȻҲǽӴĴڡ
һ˿Ͽ֮УȻͬʱۼӽĴڡ


1469 
ǿаסе𺳣סӰ
ӰУһΪߴߣһͷһ٣ƺһʿ
Ҳûмֻһλεѩ׳֡
ޣ
ɫһһ˫Ŀ΢΢
߿趯Уûۻҵĵɫ֮лһںĿռѷ졣
ЩռѷȻֻݼţӦһͨķɴ˵˶֮ϵĹ֮
ڴʱһԭսȻֶսƺӦɢĳ콣⣬ЩԾԾԵӣʱ֣ǿа
гӶУİɫĳɫӿȥռѷھצβݺύĴ˷˷וּĽ֮⣬ȴδԾʲôˡ
һӰȫһīɫĹâ֮УĿҲ俴κǰСƺһͯһ㡣
һīɫĹӰһŵļٶȼ죬ھΪһīɫ̫ıѶ˲˷ɢڵγһȦȦĲۡ
ЩھĽɫۼЩ׺⣬޷˺
ڤ
ĿһǸͯӰɢϢȻǴľڤ
ǸͯӰĪһ֮ˣ
λǿߣǸ֮˱īɫâ壬ǸߺͽɫȻҲֳѪ⣬ǿңȻЩǡ
ɫߺǸ֮ˣһж˿·磬俴ض๥٣ȴƺʱֵȺĸо
Ĳߺǿһսһ߿ʼˣƺҪս
ǽɫȴͻȻӿ˹ƣƣ뿪ƺҪնɱˡ
ԭˣҲ֪Լ֮һ֮ĴɱͬĴڣͼһᣬܿǾĿġ
߱ƵĲϺˣкķһŭаɫɽǰһȦʱâţɫͬʱŶȴûмȥΧŰɫɽһɵİɫ

ɫһ˻𣬳˽ɫ
ɫϲһֻ޴צܽɫ棬ֱץɫ
¡һ죡
ɫһҧס˽ɫ㣬ʱҧ˼ۣҲצһץסɫʢɫڽһƺϱᱻһ㡣
߿зһХ˫ۼסͷ­Ȼ߾٣˫ȺϲųöĿư׹⡣
âһ˻Ϊһɫ޽ɢɭɭ⣬һģ˽ɫͷȻն¡
۾һɣһǻᣬʩչֶֹҲû˵
ɫ˶ͫ¶һ˿ɫзһХһţһĿɫǿ⼤߻ɫ޽Ȼײһ
¡¡һ죬ɫ޽ɢ˻ƽ³Ľ⣬Ҳ˳ȥ
ɫ޽ɳɣһΪ߱塣
һ˿ѪȻЩˡ
ƽƺҲܵЩ𵴣ץסɫצһ£ɫȻСһ룬ȴѶ»ΪһɫɽС
˿̣ƽһǸǿ߹Ȱ㸡ֶһʵĺɫâ˾Ĳ֮ϡ
Ǻɫ֪Ǻͨһۣ۾Ȼܽ⿪
ɫһ죬ѿ
Ѫէ֣
ƽۼѣȻһɴС˿ڣɫѪ
ƽŭɫһзһ˻ͷϵȻֳĿ⡣
һ̣һִɫ׵缤˲ư㣬ֱӺǸǿϡ
ƽһ磬Ǹ֮˸ɫ׵š
̱֮˳ȥзһƺߣīɫּѿ¶ı壬ȻһīɫŮͯģ
Զ¶ɫû´ĻǸ֮ˣȻħԨħץߵ顣
˿ͨɢī̹âƺ壬ƺڤīһһ㡣
ôˣʵȻҵĶ֣ǵľǽңɫ˿̾ȻԣϽһΪһŽ׵Ӣꡣ
˼׾һӣţΪǧɫϼ˷ϯ˲˷ԲɵķΧߺ鶼С
֮иֳһſŽɫģԪƺһ±
һȻķ֮ǳűֵĿռ֮С
ɫ˲䣬ɫƽһЩһ˫ͫȴҲǹâ
򣡡
Ȼ˲ٴ棬֮ҲѲİˣĿƣҲ¶һ˿
ɫʩչγһĿռ䣬ȫԪһֵˣ޷ԪҪеķ֮Ӱ졣
һͨܵͨҲһȥ˰˳ɡ
һһ̧ɫ֮иֳһĥ̴СĽɫ棬ǵصĳ߶˼ȥ
ɫ沢Ѱ棬ɢԵķģȻ̺˷֮Ļ湥
߷һͺѩ׳ȻһĵӰֶ漴Ĺɰɫ쫷𣬽ɹĽɫһ
漴һ޷ȻϾ˺ȻʩչһΪһɫ⣬֮⼤ȥ
ߣЦһָһ㡣
İɫ֮ǰһƬͬɽ㸡ֶɫ˻
ɫⲻģȻһתһΣһ˻
ɫһֳߵӰ¶ɫ
ΧĽɫѾԽԽˣѾΧΧ
¶һ˿Ц⣬漴뵽ʲôһ㣬ת׿飬ȴһ
ֻ˿ϥ˫ĿգҲԷӵĽɫһۡ
ɫһ䣬̧һƻ
һֻ޴Ľɫ֮иֶһѽС
꣡
ָһ£徹ȻֱѣΪһīɫʧ١
ɫһ䣬漴ȻתͷϿϿյһȥ
ֻﲻ֪ʱһīɫĶݹ⣬Զȥݹ⿴ȻЩҡΣٶȼ죬һŵʧԶ
ˣ彣ӦҲ㹻ˡüͷһ壬漴˵һ䡣
䣬һ˽ɫ֮УǸ߶ȥ
ûע⵽ϿϷһĹϢѸ뿪˴˴ʧ֮׷˹ȥ


1470 צ
һ㹤󣬾ϿǧһɽϿգһīɫݹҡҡλεĴԶ
īɫݹһֳһͨīɫŮͯ顣
˿״̬Ϊ⣬ѣɢϢЩ˥
ոΪƭǸ꣬ʩչķ˲ٵԪټ֮ǰƣīٴα
Ŀ⳯ź󷽿ȥۼû׷΢΢˿
˴Ҳǰȫ֮أһԶɶݶȥ
ǰһ¡ڴ˿̣һɫĹһһӰֶ
һ·Ϣ׷˹֮¾Ȼûв

ɫȻһ䣬κɫȶЩȡ
ߣ벻ҲץˡЦһ˵
ǰ飬¶һ˿ɫ
ĵһͨܣڹĮ֮дǰʮڤǾھڤҲط½ǶЩݡ
ҲΪ£ħԨ㣬¹ɱ֣Թˡ
˿ٴμ棬Щ֪Ժ̬ȶԴ顣
һʱ䲻ΪǴȻѴﵽͨٶʵЩˡ鵹Ǳ̹Ȼۣ࣬Щ˵
Ҳһħ٣Ȼ˳ΪƺҲ˲١˵
һЦһ¹غһأȻش⡣
֣ΪθоϵǸӰϢɢħϢǿҡ
鿴һۣ¶һ˿ɫ˹ԴֳЦ֮˵ˣѹΪ֮Ǹħ꿴ĨɱʶȫΪڡȻ˺ôҲΪħĿ꣬Ҳһ
ЩԺ飬Ҳաѣ֮ǰвٶԹ𣬲ǶֻؾУǰ鲻ҲաҴ˿˵أʱпΣգжΣüͷһ壬漴չ飬
֣üһ˵
ոҲɫսĳֻؾв֪жǿڣҶжǰȫܶࡣЦ
Ŵ˻üһƬ̣漴˵ͷðɣʵҲ㲻ʸ֡
ӦĿ΢΢һ΢΢һϲ
ͬУʵ侭˼ǵĽ
ŮƵͨڣʵǿᣬѾֻؾһʱ䣬˽϶ԶԼ֮ϡ
ԸҲ˽⣬֪ԷϲıƵˡ
Ҫһǣϳ鿪ʼ㷢ʶƺ쳣ѣƺûֻܵؾлĽƵӰ졣
в²⣬˶ԸֻؾƵķӣӣҪʳ
ʱ޿̲ڱǹĪѪɱͷĥʱͣʱһҪʧѪͷˡ
̫ˣȻˣǡ¶Цݣ˵һ룬ԶϿȷһɫֱʣһɿ֮ѹˮһӿ˹
ȻϿѾǧ֮ңȻеһҡ
ɫһ䣬ѹȻڲܾУɫѾɹǸ彣ޣ˿ڽ׵
ͷɹ׵Ŀһе˵ƺЩζ
䣬ϿϿѸٸֳƬĺƣ¡¡Ӻдǿҵ׵ϢǧȻ˴˹
Ŀһ֪Ӧñǽʱ٣ոնȹͨѳ̶ȲԵơ
âһۼ߳ɫâħͫʩչ˼£ϿȴĳҰ֮С
һԵҲǹâ˸ȻҲʩչĳͫ̽
ɫһ󷭹תɫţ̽ɫַ
¡¡һǵľ죬һ¾Ϊ˳ɫƬȾĺͮͮһƬʯһĻӽķɳ·ǵصļȥ
Ŀһ֪ٿʼˡ
Ȼ뿿һЩۿϾٲܹģԺǶɽٶкܴԥһ£ûзɹȥ
ԵҲ˿ûйȥ˼ƺ¶һ˿ɫ
֮еʯһʱƲŷ׷׷漴ΪɫƬ֮˸ɫľ޴鸡ֶͬһ¡
ôԶĵҲܹĸо𶯣ɴ˿֪Ͽȴĳ֮
ʱһȥϿϿյĽ˽ľˮд٣ɫƺ˹ȥ
յĽɢһɰɫϼ£˺۵Ľɫϡ
ɫϼ֮Уɫɿ츴ԭ漴Ȼɫϼʢ巢˱仯
ϽɫƬȻΪ˳ɫҲǴ˲٣С֮ϵļһĶһֻոµצ˳һʵͬһƬɫ档

ɫ˷ܺ޴ڰҷ
צһ
ǽɫѪȻ˾ȹ֮󣬾Ȼ˴˵еצ
Ҫ֪Ϲ֮УצҲǼ亱еĴڣѪͳΪ߹ļִ֮һ
оɫȥ漴¶һ˿ϣɫ
ɫ˿Ѿ׵ħԲǸħܿή٣צʵȻĸԸħɣһɱ⡣
ϾħҲֻһϹħѣ츳ԣ޷צȴᲢۣʶ¹˭δ֪
ĿһҪ뷨˵һ£ϿȴѾ˱仯
ϿϿһƾոֶסʮķΧһѹӺд
ɫһ䣬ƬǰǰֹһΣһɽռС
ħеѹ
Ŀ΢΢һǸʱħѾǸɫǱһԡ
˼䣬һ߰ҵĺӰϿϿյĺͣ˽ɫǰ
Ǻȫں֮Уס
ɫħ
ߣ͵ˣҵҪ㵽жı£Ȼҽʾнֻؾɫۼħû¶˿η壬зһԽ
ӴɢצɢӨݲеĽ⣬رֻצ֮ϣɢһĽ⣬Ŀ˸
һצɢ̫һҫ۹âȻֱħȥ
һȵĽצмħȥ
ͬʱצֻǰצȻһӣ״Ľɫâ׽ջĺۼħץȥ


1471 
צ͹ƣħƺĵһ̧ɫ֮һֻƣɿıóӡ
ħǰһƾոִƬĺڹ⣬̼۳һɴСĺɫԲ̣ɢĹâ
צϢ˺صצâںɫԲ֮ϣ·ţ뺣һ󣬱㱻˽ȥ
צһ˿ɫ۶Ӱͣ
ոѰʵ̺Ϊڵط֮Уû뵽ȴԷƽ⡣
ħ΢΢һ̧ףɫĮȻƺһצһӣɫԲƾתзɳƬɫϸ˿һۻҵĽ֯£գۼ仯Ϊ߰˶ޱȵĺɫַɾ
צҪЩɫֻһ󣬱˲ưסצ塣
צɫ䣬зһͺȻɫâţСĵֻצȻצĿ
һ˸һѲ
צϵĺɫַ׷ױ˺ѣצβȻһڣûѶһ󣬵֮ң
ħзһף漴ӰһΣʧԭأһȴƾճצϿգһֻ޴ĺɫƽȻץ¡
צһ٣ֻΧƺħƣѹ˹ǿ壬Щܲס
ռ䷨֮
צƺʲôɫ䣬ȵ
ϽɫâţСĵצȻǴɢĿĻ̌ӭħơ

ΧĿռͬһѿֻ޴΢΢һ漴Ե
צĵצƬ飬ѪɽȻܵش
צ¶˿־ɫϽɫâţ漴޴һȻѿΪ˷ȥ
ħһҲζֱɢһȦȦɫâȻſһĺɫȦ˲ס˷ԲķΧ
ɫȦиֳɫģɢǿҵĿռ䷨֮
ЩһײɫȦԵ̱˻ȥ
ںɫȦзɴܣûһ˿ܹݳȥ
ŭӽдһ󣬺ΪɫΪɫոնںɫȦ֮ϣ̱˻
ħһִһ
ɫȦɿСⱻ˻һٴλΪצģǾɫ
צףƬƬĽɫףֻצҲһݺύĽɫצâƴΧĺɫȦ
ЩٶȴԵʮͽͣɫȦѰļͣԽСڹҲʵ
֮䣬ɫȦΪһ߸ߣһɫһ㣬һħУצҲ֮Сҵ߲ȴԵЩһеĳһ㡣
צȻֳһ˿ϽţѸ
ħЦһһſڣɫȦͬצ
ϻһһҽУ漴Ȼֹĳȥ
ħ˫Ŀڰд˰Σ漴һţ³һĽɫģɢǿҵķ֮лвֳɫķģɫ
ħҡҡͷƺЩ̫ӡ
漴һһɺڹ⽫һٴη˰յĺ֮С
ƹӿһ£һ̱ʧˡ
źƵɢϿϿգָܿƽ
ԶĻɽ֮ϣϹ΢ţðβűϣоɫ
ǽɫħǰȴֱǲһ
ߣȻǴһͼһ֮ħһȴ˵
ɫһûнӻȴǿɬ
ħʵѾԶԶ󣬿ͶնɱǸոս壬ţն㣬Ѵ֮
ţԼͬҲħĶ֣ԿħķӣʼջҪ֮ϡ
ϾڴԸͬΪ۷ħ֮
ΪδؿԽ֮ƿء
߰ɣ뿪Ǳ˴˶ˣ˵ջĿ⣬е˵
û˵Ҳ˵ͷ
λΪݹ⣬Զɶݶȥ
һʱ֮󣬶һīɫľ޴ʯɽͣ
Ծǣ˴ɢŨľڤЩɫɽʯȻīʯ
ŨľڤǰܹҵôһطһЦ˵
ΪֻؾϤԵʣƬռ֮УԾڤΪʺڴ鵭˵漴һɽϵĶδһӦȫľ
һ䣬תҪ뿪
ǰһҪ̡æ˵
ת˹ӹһ˿â
ʲô飿
ʵĳץֻؾûж೤ʱ䣬˵ϵǸħ꽫ȫעҵڣʹҲһħֻꡣµʱʱ̶ֻ̿ܵؾĸʴѾʼûȥ»ɺֻһѪüͷ壬¶һ˿ʹɫ˵
ֱ޷ϵ
ҿǰƺȫûбֻؾӰ죬֪ʲôɷ֪£˵
˻ĬƬ̣һ¶һ˿Ц⡣
жΪ˴õ鵭ʵ
ɫһͣ漴̹Ȼⷽԭ򣬲ȫ
鵭һЦ漴ֱ¶˳ɫƺ˼ʲô
һŮͯòȴϳɵľٶЩЦ˿ˣȻ¶ϡ
ǰҪһЩֻܽؾĽƵķӸ£뾡˵˺һᣬȻһ˼ģɫһɵĿ˵
˷ϵĹȷʵ˸ˣ⣬ҼȻ֣ҾһΰɡֻҪһ֮ȡһҾͽֻؾƵķ档˻΢΢һЦ˵
ȡѿɷ˵ľһЩܼȻ΢һ˵
ȡ֮Ժ˵ѼȻֻؾұȺ͵˵һֻؾĴ¹ɡĻһת˵
˵ţһ֣һīɫϼϯڰлûһԲͼ
ĿԲͼϣɫһ
Բͼı߽磬Ϊԭ㣬ԲǶ棬Բͼֳ⻷ڻ֡
Ȼ⻷ڻһߣָһƷεС飬Ĳֵģûбָ
ϸ֮£ЩָС鹲һ˸֮࣬⻷ʮڻʮ
ЩָСΪᣬһھ⻷ڻ򲢲һǡǡ෴ٶҲͬ


1472 
ǰͼ˼ĿͻȻԺһʵǰ¿ģĪǱֻؾĵͼ
΢΢ͷ
û뵽ֻؾ˹죬ҲĽ̾
ŵϸ¹۲죬ӵõĿ϶ȻЩָһ˸飬ӦñǴһ˸ռ䡣
ʵֻؾȦȦ֣˴˵ʱ޿̲ڷű仯ƽֻ⻷Ŀռвϴ󡣡鿪˵
ԭˣֲÿ̤ĵطͬһ˿Ȼ˵ͷ
һԣ󲿷ֵۼȦ򣬶ͨ󶼾ۼȦħƽʱչصڡ˵
Ŵ˻üͷ΢΢һʵո˵ҪȥȡĪҪȥ
Ҫȥĳط鿴һۣ˵
ɫ΢䣬ɫ
Ҳùڵģʵ˵ֻؾһռ䣬ޱȡ⣬Ҫȥĵطħչصڡע⵽仯ڽ͵
ǰҪȥľʲôطŴ˻ɫŷ˼֣漴üͷһʵ
УһԻϿȵĵطϿһ˵Ǹ쾵ҵĿ꣬õ˱Ŀ˸˵
쾵ԣһ
ֻҪӦûػ쾵ұ㽫εֻֿؾƣѵķӸ㡣漴˵
ԣ¶˼ɫ
ǴԻϿȣȥֵĻмɰտԵõ쾵Ƭ֮˵
ȻȥһؼƣҪڰ֮˲ƽ⡣ҶԺڰ˽ⲻ࣬ҹ۸ӦǾͨڰ֮ˣȡΪԭ򡣡黺˵
ǺãҴӦ㡣üһƬ̺󣬿ڵ
ܺãŴ˴ζȻܹԸԳҲ¶һ˿ϲɫ
䣬ɫһ࣬дһɬȻһ㵭ɫâ
漴ͻȻһָ̧֣һ㣬һɫһŵļȥ
ɫ΢䣬Ҫȴһ䡰𶯡
ת֮£վûƶΣƾǵϹû壬Ѹٳʶ֮У۳һɫΣԪ档
һֻ̣ԪɫֺѪɱͷ̼˺ܶ࣬һ֮Ժи֣һ־Υĸоӿͷ
ǰոǵϹǣһϲʵ
һƶֻܹеƶͷȹмǿãոǵϹ֮ÿʩֻάµʱ䡣֮󣬱ٴʩָĻ˵
ԭˣֻƶͷȻǼΪĿһ˵ͷ
˻ЩҪЮ֮⣬ĿǰҲֻˡ
ģֻҪȡû쾵ʱԻὫ˷㡣΢΢һЦ˵˼ȰĻ
ǺǣǾͶлǰˡ֣˵
ϢɣһҪЩ׼һºǱ̳˵ͷת˳ȥ
ĿȥԭƬ̣漴̾˿ڷвһ󷨽磬ϥ
ûֻؾнƵĸţڿԺúþޣһΪˡ
ΪͨȻԿʼڤǾʣµ㹦ˡ
һˣ䷭ȡһɫڶͷ
ʱһĹȥϲԾ𼸷־֮⡣
֪˶ãһ˫Ŀ֮ʱдһЦ
ȻϣڤǾ۷壬Ƕڤ֮ĸ򣬷ֱ澭ͨ裬ʹﵽԲ֮
ȻڤǾ㲻мҪ֮ʱҪĸ֮ͬʱҪһ̣вп
ӵѪԣȴʲô⡣
ڤںڰһϵ̳ħضںڰ֮ĸ㣬Ȼˮˡ
漴ɫϹڤǾĿھĬģ漴ֻһɺϼһڰһ֯ƺ󣬡顱һɢΪƬ֮ĺɫģƷ
ſеͳһȦȦڹںɫ¸ֶһһĻϣλû
ͬʱڴһžĹǽڱ֮
һʱһζ
߳ʱȴѺ˴УһΪµīɫ̣ƺͬīơ
˫Ŀ΢գһŷдʣƺʲô
ƺĶͣϵľٶ׿˹
ǰ״΢ЦкһĿϣһ˿ɫ
鵱ʱǰѣϢȣܵƲνأ˿ȴȫ»Ȼһ£ƾ
жλͨǰָ߿˼֡
û뵽⼸չΪ˲СĽ²˳٣ϳɡ´ۣĳһ󣬻һת
Ȼûĵͷͬʱȴһ˿
һУȻһǳɵĽڤǾһ顣
ڼη飬Ȼ˲ٷѪľ˻ָûʲô谭°빦
ʮ˲㣬ȻֻǳСɣȴ̥ǵ
˵¼̶뿪īɫʯɽΪݹ⣬Զ߷ȥ
ǰ֮ǰҪ򣬿²װɣڻɫռ֮зɶݣĿʵ
ֻؾռĪ⣬ǲĺֱײֻܲ⻷佻棬ܽġͷ
ûнӻȻ˵ȥȻа취
ȻйɿѭֻܸұǡȻ˵һдһûīɫУͬʱݹһŨӿ˶١
ɫһҲȥ
˵Ķ٣һ֮һ͹Ļǰ
ҵƲⲻ⴦ϱڹȥִӦһռ䡣˵ţһΣֱӷ˹Ļ֮С
üһϵķ˽ȥ
ǰһһ̳һ꺣֮ϣ̹ǡ
ǰȻ㣬Ŀ⳯Χ˼ۣ˵
ؿϸ·ɣ˷·;ۣʱ䣬Ҫ鲻ʱˡ鵭һЦ˵
·;鵱ͬ˵Ǹīɫ̵İ£ֻؾĿռתƺָơ
ͨʮͬĿռ֮һƬľͷһɫĿռĻǰ


1473 ڱˮԳ
ȥ󣬱ֻؾˡɫЩأ˵
ȻˣǾͽȥɡ˵ͷ
鿴еīɫֹ̣
ôˣΪ֮һʵ
һ·Ϊ˳ԤƵ絽˴գʱ޷򡣡̧ͷ˵
ԭˣȻĵͷĿܿ˿һյ£Ϣ
һ·ϣػ·ܿˣȻûʲôر谭Բ⾭սһ·߲ݵķУҲǲСʱóûϢ
ҪԻ쾵֣ûʲôΣգڴ֮ǰܽ״̬ûġ
վԭûжž֪Щʲô
պ˫ۣͬʱдһʱ䵽ˣ׼ˡ
䣬齫һֶͬʱַһɫϼ⣬һ֮£ֱӷǰİɫĹĻ֮С
ֻǰɫһ䣬һ̣˳һƬ谵硣
һֻƵ̫û˿ΧϢ·綼ıԵ
ֻһѹ֮ǳ
üĿɨɫ΢΢һ䡣
ʮ⴦ȻһƬɽȺߴɵĻɽڳ緢ŨŨĻɽҳɫҽʣˡ
ڽڻɽȺԣȴһɵı֮أһƬհѩƮƮŭХͻɽȺ·
ԭֲֵܳĹ쾰Ӳڶǰ
ֹɽԭڸԶĵطڵأһƬƵĻڣҵķӵء
ߵ֮УһҰƲ㣬żҲܿһɫ籩ϯ֮·һ˪նɢ̹ǵĺȻҲǼΪΣյ֡
ǰ·𴦴ǶӵµĻɽ緢쫷Хûһطǰȫƽġ
ǰ򣿡ѹеľȣת׶˵
δ䣬һɺɫ쫷粻֪Ӻδ֣·һ㣬λϯ˹
δ޴ķѾʼ˵壬ǾѰѡ
ɻ㿪ƺ˿ҲȣһһԶ˹ȥ
һ㣬Ҳ󣬶Ǵɫ
Ƭ̺Ǵѩԭһѩϡ
ղ˵û򡣡鿪˵
üͷ壬Ҫ˵µıԭһѿһɱɫĺȻѸײڶ˰棬תۼ佫˶޴ӡ
Ϻڹһת飬æһطվ
˿Ҳһϵı飬ԡ
ֱĩ硣ŲԶԭϵѷ죬ɫոͣЪ޴ѷ쾹Ȼٴλ£
ʵҸȡĩ磬벻ıˡ˴ԪΪ񱩻ңֻؾƵӰ죬ͨҲܿʧǣҲΪĻʹΪһַ֮ĺõط鵭һЦ˵
ᡣ
һѪħͷڲ֪м࣬ס˴ĿͷԼҲĥһЩľƽ͵ķ
˵֮һ˴֮ʶеĺڣƣַıѣƺЩȸԾ
ֻܹؾƶǵӰ죬ȷʵһõĸط֮ĳ
а㣬ȡ쾵õǸƶ֮󣬲ڴ˵غúһ
߰ɣ˵ؾԻϿȻв·Ҫϡ˵ţһΪһī⣬ȥ
Щεͣͷ߶ݹȥ
˵ȻΣգͨҲٮٮߵ˵ֻҪ΢עһ£ûʲô
ԽȥΧĩվԽ׳ƴ
˿̣˱һƬīĺϿշɹںˮ淭һּΪΣյĸо
ϵĺˮˮ̺ʴʶľ綾󾳴մȾֺҲἫΪ鷳
֮⣬Ͽղʱɫ磬ٲȻŲˮȻҲԴΪ˼ɣСĶš
Ƭˮĳ棬ҪЩɫַ磬ٶȽѾһ칤򣬻ûзɳȥ
ͻȻǰĺϣһ죬˿һЩ֣⵺Ĵ澹Ȼ˲ɫֲ
¶ɫˮ綾ޱȣȻеܹڣֱ˼
ȻҲһ˶ݹ⣬һۡ
뵺첻ʮﴦŷ֣ͨɢһںڵĽģǿžܸоһɴ̹ǵĺ⡣
ڤ֮к춴취ͼƷܣѹܹˮ֮дڶʴ¶Ŀϲɫ
˵ţһŵϷȥ
ڴ˿̣츽ˮ׵ĳһ޴У¡һ죬һɳĺɫˮɭɭϢ鼤˹
ˮڷơ
ɫһ䣬нһһļһī̹âһīɫԲζƷ֮ķѣȻһƷ׼ߵı
鷨߶֮£Բܷһ֮Ǵ˰ٱǰ
һ죡
ɫˮײԲ֮ϣһȻ͸ܶײɳ˰֮ңˮҲȻɢ
һ߷סΣȻţּһǶƻסΧĿſǰԲܣ¶һ˿ʹϧ
ֻ˿Բܱ棬ѾʴһӿݵǳӣɢҲЩ˸ȻС
Ҳˮˣ˲丯ʴһƷʼѵķִ֮¼δܼȫܣŵ·
û°ɣӰһӰԡ
û£һʱˡ˵ſһ⣬Բܷڣ÷
ͬʱ·ˮ֮УһīһĺɫֶȻһͷڵĶԳ߰ɸߣϲŵĺɫˮгһɫȻڤɵģɢɭɭ⡣
ǺڱˮԳϹˮϵޣĿһɫ΢˵
ɫˮԳȻҲǱнֻؾ֮е飬ɢϢ˿֮£˵˸ѪѪɫ׹⡣
ǴϹˮԳҲ˽ԵѪ֮ڤĽƽƾɢǿϵԪȻ˴򵺵⣬ƺδȫɥʧ־˼ɵ˵Ϊûɱ


1474 ԻϿ
ߣʲôҵ·һ
һɫâһǰȻֳһֻɫ֣зݰСƺɫ棬ɢϢ
鵥һӣɫɫʧ٣һ̳ںɫˮԳͷȻץ¡
һ̺֮ǿҲ֮һֶ£
ɫ΢ɫɢϢǷƺһֱֻ
ת䣬δһһɫâͬʱһֻ佣һ㣬һ͸ĵɫӰܣ漴ʧ١

ɫˮԳԵŭһ˫ĿѪһкɫһӣϷȥӰĸֶΪһɺɫħ磬ͷɫһȥ
һ
ɫֶʱħһҷ˳ȥɫˮԳҲɫ̺ķ֮˼
ڴ˿̣һƿһ죬һʮɳɫâȻն¡
ˮԳһкɫһĵǰһ֮£ʱİӰֶΪһºǽ
һ̣һĽľ죬ɫâ˳ȥâȥ¶һɫɵħħС
δһƿ֮Ŀֱٴץ˹һֻ
ֻɫĿܴ֣һһҵĳźڱˮԳץ¡
ĿһҲдʣħеâһû߰˵һģһĵâΧˮԳնͣ
ڱˮԳתкɫһɺڹ⣬ȫõˮ©
Ϊ˿ѷˣƷҲΪǱϾûбúüҪȷĹֶΣȻԶԶܺȣܿ㱻һ˸߹һ˵Ĺûֵֻܱ
ˮף
ͻȻˮԳзһʵŭëһĸ׷һ֮£Ϊĥ̴СĺɫˮףըΧֺֻܴħϡ
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ֱֻȻ࣬ܿҲһľը˳ȥ
ٻħУüͷ΢΢һ£ˮԳĿˮ󣬲ǾͨˮԷ֮ϹˮԳ
ˮԳһ±˵ķзһ˻ٴκɫˮš
伸죬ˮȻըɳĺɫˮΧˮиֶ˹
ˮԳԼҲһִˮ峯˹Ϣһ±ÿ֮кɫްںݺһɨȥ
ӰΪһɺɫ쫷ĿںХȥ
ԳȻҲ˼䣬вһЩ
ݵò񣡡ɫһһִ
ֻɫֱȻֳ棬Ϊڹ⣬ֱסɫˮ
һɫˮȴɽ飬
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ڱˮԳѪ磬ɳʮɡ
¶һ˿ηɫ˲ϵƣһҪˮ֮С
ڴ˿̣΢΢һ£һ͸ӰֶնˮԳĲ֮ϡ
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ˮԳĲӲ֪ʱ֮ɫɢĹսķȻ޷նͷ­
ߣ࣬ҼסˣˮԳſһѪԹĿ⿴һֻԳצһסսҪӲаγ
һнһ䣬սȻֳĿâ
Ŀҫ۵İ½âֶһ֮£׷նˮԳϣ˲佫ˮԳնΣѪɽ
Ŀɫһš
ַһƬסˮԳʬ壬Ƭ֮һɫˮԳʬиֶ
֮ɢŨķܿɫġ
һڹԱߣսħж漴Ľȥ
̽ȥƬ֮󣬷³һɾ
ûڷʶ֮УˮԵķĴ˿˲١
Ȼˡ¶һ˿ϲɫֻؾУնɱͨڣɶԷķƬķ֮мİ
֮ǰδͨ磬ûзá
ָһһиֶ漴ûһɫ漴·ˮ֮ϡ
ת˲֮䣬Բǧ֮ڵĺ汻Ϊһ޴ޱȵı顣
˵ͷջ֣ת׿Ǻɫ졣
˿Ѿ˵֮ϣдʣһɫᣬһȦɫâӾɢ춼档
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Ҳػ๧άˣˮҲ·ɡ˵
ˮһСԣޱȡ
ͣͣ£Ⱥնɱͷͨ˵ԻϿȡ
ڼ䣬Ȼֶʩչһƶ
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һ޴ޱȵĻɫɽ֮УӰɹ
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ӰٶȲ죬ƺǲ뾪ʲôһ㡣
ӰȻ飬˴Ͽȱ˵ԻϿȵΧ
˷ɹϿȵһطɽʯһӰһû˳һɫ׵Ѿм
׵ɵ;ۡѿΪһɫߡ
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ѶԻԷԽ뻯鿴һۣЦһ
ѹˣɰˡջֱۣ¶һ˿Цݡ
һ·ϣնɱ˲ͨڣǵķƬ
˿̳˺ڰˮڻľԵķ֮Ҳ˲С
ãľԼԺڴ߶ħޡս輰ħħʱܶ˲С


1475 
գɫת׿ǰκϿȥȴָ֮ɫ
ֻؾȻͨնɱͨڣӶԷķƬǿΪҲ̺Īķա
ǿнķ֮Լڣһ޷ЭԪ񣬵ǻңпܷʹԼʶеķıѡ
һ·֮ϣۼƺȫûⷽĹǣͨھնɱȻǵķƬȥƺһҲûӡ
һжҲ˼ּɵ
֪ǣ֮޼ɵʵ֪еգЩͨƬݵᴿѽԭ˵ĺۼûжˣһֱƽ¡
Щ飬Լ鶼˸µһ·Ͽȥ
ַһʱüͷ΢΢
ϿԻɫɽʯϽЩ仯һЩɫʯ飬Բ⻬ĥ̴ССĺȭͷࡣ
Щʯͷɫһ㣬Ҳûκмֲ
ͷתۼһĻ«̾˿
ЫͷɶԴӽֻؾ󣬱һֱ˳˯˿ûѹļ󣬲֪ǲΪƵӰ죬ЫǱ̽һΧΣձǰԤ֪ˡ
תͷǰͣ
״Ҳͣ˶ݹ⣬ҪѯΪͣ£Ϻסˡ
ֻǰϿȵĵϣһӯӯĹâð֮վһѰûʲôֻƤǹɫϻһɫһϸ۾߿˹
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ɫҲЩÿһ̻Ϊһڹ⣬˶ȥ
Ͽ֮ǰѾ˵ˣԻϿǰξסһˣƺǹħһ֧ħץش˴ȻΪ󾳣ٵӡ
Щٶ죬һᷢһսΪѲһħ˱Ҳѷˡ
Ϊ˱ܿЩ壬һ·ܵϢǱнû뵽һֻ
սپͬʱڹϷɳȴɫܡ
ֱһͷͿܣͷܣͨɢɭĺڹ⡣
Ϳצһð߳ĺɫצâиǳһķֱ˵ͷȥ
ͷһס˵·Ҳâ˶ȥ
ͷɢķͬСɣ󾳺ڵʿˡ
ͷϣɫ΢΢һϳڤĿܡ
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ҵıըķΧɢڴ˿̣һɫĻڰиֶըɢ֮ǰס˷ԲʮɵķΧ
ӰһںɫĻϿա
ְĺڹ˫ɢһͷźɫĻ
ͷſɫĻʱס˱ըӰ졣
΢΢˼£Ŀ⳯Χȥɫһ䡣
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ɫҲһ䣬ɢȥֱߺڹ⣬ٻսһģ֮⣬
˿мѾ¶ûٹ˼ɣᵽߣƬ֮ɳ
ڴ˿̣ոֳ⣬Ѹٽӽ˹ٶȾȻ˿ࡣ
һݣɫâ˸һɨ֮£˺򶼿ʼ㣬ȻһֻֻղŵЩˣа֮ࡣ
֣ɫȶ
ÿȶϵȻһȻ˱˲һʮ֮⣬Ѹٽӽˡ
¶ŭ֮ɫ϶ݹһٴһЩ徹˼֡
ȥᱻ׷ϵģǰˡ漴һźڹס塣
ɫһ䣬ûԹúڹס塣
½ɫâһһɫâס塣
ͬʱıһһԿɫ
ɫâӳ£ĶݹȻԻٶ˼һ׷˦һξ롣
˿зŭ˻Ҳ׷״߶ӿٶ׷ϣǰĽݹ⻹ԽԽԶܿʧǰ
˺޺ͣǰһ󣬷һЩ岻Ľ漴ԭ·˻ȥ
ǰǧû׷ͣ
Ķپܱ廹Ҫϼ֣ʵΪѵáζ㣬ЩΧסԽԽ࣬ҪͲˡ鹰ֶһл
ǰؿ˰֣޼׾ս衣
ͨǵһչȫٷɳۣͨΪ߶ս裬еٶȹȻľˡ
һ٣ǰС
һ·񱼣˿ѾϿȵжˣԻϿڡ
ϿԵֵɫʯͷԽܼɢĹâɫҲԽԽѾݱѪɫɢѪɫâϿ֮Уŵ
ɫЩ仯Ժзĸоֽǿ
ʱ֮һ«״Ͽڡ
«Ͽ֮еѿһ޴Ĺ֣ͷһľ޷ԽǰȥƺԽƺк£ơ
ǰϿȹԽԶƺѾ޾ڰ֮Уͷ
µĹ֮͸һ󵭵Ѫ⣬ͬʱŷۺɫ΢΢ţƺзڴ
ԻϿ˰ɣĿ⿴ǰرǳŵµľ޴пȥʵ
¶һ˿˷ɫ˵


1476 ϼ
üͷ壬ǰ·ȻߣЩۺɫ˵¹еѪɫϼ⿴̺ĳơ
Ƭָ̣һһ׹⼤һŵķ˵¹ֵѪɫϼ֮С
׹ֻ֮һѰ̵ǰսƷ֮һ
ɫ̵һ¹֣ЩѪɫϼͬѪĲӬɲǼѪ˿ֶĲƶʱѪɫȾһ㣬һ̱ѿ漴ΪѪɫϼ֮С
ˣɵһ¶ɫ
ĪţЩѪɫϼϹʱڵһֽƣȻûп֮Ŀ˵
䣬ȡһöɫԲſһڷԲ֮С
ɫԲһɢƬĴɫâ۳һɴСι֡
üͷ΢壬ɫԲֻһѰľԷѣʲôĵط
΢΢һЦָһɫԲѪɫϼ֮С
ԾһĻˣѪɫϼһɫԲɢԲι֣һ㻬˹ȥȻûжԹȦճκε˺
ֻǶ֮еĽԴڻǿҵų֮ľԷȫûӰˣֻҪϬľĹ֮±ܹͨˡ˵
ԭˡһ
Ϊ˱ѼǵýнƷͽԵķ÷⡣ѵ
˵ͷ˿ϣĽժսֽС
ٻɫԲʹɢĹְס˶˵壬漴ΪһɫţѪɫϼ֮С
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ΧĹ𽥰ֻΧѪɫϼɢâʹΧһжһѪɫ
üͷ΢΢һ壬еķͷ˿̼Ӿ磬Ȼܹƣ̲סЩ
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һԺеɫŨ˲٣зͷ̼ܶࡣ
л΢΢ͷл
ҡҡ֣û˵

ͨѪɫϼʱһԲľ޴ɽ޴ɽ峣걻֣龰
޴ɽ룬һɽ쳣ߴ󣬱ֱĴգƷ·һҪմ̴һ㡣
޽ɽ֮ϣһƬĺɫУ޴󹬵֮һڽɫҶȻдħʵ֡
ħֻؾйճչصڡ
һŵĺʯУһŷԲŨɫ۵建䶯һһ䣬·һһ㡣
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վڴ֮У˿ûתΧĺ΢΢
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Ƭ֮һŻҹԶһĳڴ֮⣬ҹ֮ԼɼһģӰħȥ
ˣкηԸҹ֮дһЩɳƵ
ԻϿƺǱ룬쾵ʧ̸ȥͼǱɱˡħķԸ
ǡɳӦһڸһԶȥ
ħջĿ⣬ո֮£ٴθֳס塣

ԻϿ֮У鱻ɫԲţѪɫϼпǰС
Ŀ⳯Χȥ¶Щɫ
㣬˿ѾǰǧˣѪɫϼͨȻĳ棬·ûоͷһ㣬һ·ϲûʲô顣
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Ļ֮ϣһķתɢĺڹ⡣
˹ĻƬ̧̣֣һһεɫâм䣬˺ɫĻ
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ۼ˾üͷ΢΢һ塣
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ѵħõģǴƣħܹ̲ɫһ˵
ģϴѾһΣﻨ˺ܶʱ䳢ƽĻħûг֣ӦҲЩ粻ǿ˵
¶һ˿ɫԥһ£ֿʵӣȻҲûаհɡ
ԣû˵
ǰһֱû㣬ðôΣգҪȡǻ쾵ӦʲôĿİɣʵ
ˣҲˡǻ쾵ʵһϵ̺֮Ľϵֻ֮Ҫƿ쾵ȡ͸̽˽һл˵
Ŵ˻ɫΪ֮һ䡣
飬ͷһ֮ȻȹЧ
쾵Ӧòֹ˰ɣֻؾһħ»̽٣ʵǿҲ߲֮ǰֻնɱɣܿϵɫ仯˵
üͷû˵
ǰҼȻжˣЩ黹ǲҪȽϺã㲻Ը˵ʵ飬ĳɲԸðűħնɱΣռڴ˴ɫЩ䵭˵
ðɡĻɫƬ̣ƺЭһ㣬˵
ˣתӣڳһģ


1477 ƽ
֪ħ쾵ڴ˴ΪƿֻؾһҪơֻҪƿ˻쾵ұܹ˿ֻؾģƾ֮ǰѰõһпƿƣֻؾ鿪˵
Ŵ˻¶֮ɫ
ѣȻ˵ҲˡҿڴħԣֻҪһ֮ʱһһ뿪˴ħƿءɫȻ˵
뿪ֻؾȻĶ
ڻݣ˵ħУһħ֪¾֮أܹ뿪ֻؾȻ֮á
˵꣬ѣһħԡ
ãһΪˣӦ
һתɫĻ°ͣ¶֮ɫ
Ҳûдߴ֮⣬һԷɿ˰ɾ룬
һյ蹤˫һչðһХ۶ڰա
ɫأдɬ˫ǰʮֻӰ׷ҡͷβɫĻȥ
ƿ֮
ӰδɫĻĻ϶ʱ˸ֻ޴ٴθֶſһƬڹ⣬ҪӰȥ
ڴ˿̣зһ䣬¡
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ʮֻӰ׷ױѶΪķ֮£̼һԲκɫĻ۶ɣͬһ㣬һӿǰĺɫĻϡ
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ȭӰ֮Уֳһɫģһŵûɫ֮С
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һпƸӣʵϲʮ顣
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ЩϢҲ֮ǰ⸽նɱһͷͨ飬Ԫѻ֪ġԥһ£ֲ
˵ͷ̧ͷȻֳâʩչħͫͨ濴ȥ
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°ɡ黺ͷ
ţ˷׷׼ס壬Ⱥ̤֮ͨС
һ̤ͨɫ΢΢һ䣬ͨʯɢâһ֮ϣʹʶȻ޷塣
һԵɫҲһ£ȻҲ
ﻹЩŹ֡Цһ
ʶ壬Ҳûʲô
˸Եһ̬ǰȥ
һʼ˻ȫ䱸һξ֮ͨƺûʲôΣա
һŵҲԷ¼֣֪мӿǰٶȡ
ͨһӺǰһɫâƺǳڡ
˻һۣɫһϲӿ˽Ų
ͨԽǰȥƺԽ˴˿ѾʮɴС
ǰİ׹ԽԽԣȷʵǳڣ׹͸˽
ɫһϲڴ˿̣һϢĺӰһԵʯڴһ㵽ĸǰ·һɫ¡
ǰҲͬһӰһâȻն¡
һ㣬һģһĶѸޱȡ
Ӱ壬غ˵֮ϡ
һ޴죬ѿһСӣʯɽ
ȻӦѸ˹ȥԶûٶȣӰһС
¡һ죬ǵӰϸֳĴƬâû档
һڶʮ֮⣬Ŀ⳯￴һۣû¶ٵɫ
ʲôĿ⳯ǰտȥոӰǴӰµġ
֮У֪ʱһźӰ޴Ķ
ڱӰ
һһɫӨֱ߼һΪʮɴСɫУն˰յĺӰȥ
ͬʱǰڹȻֳĿīɫâһ죬ľ޴һɾɿ
īɫâ֮УһֱۺȻôִޱȣɢīɫâ¶һ߳նۡ
һߣɫкȻն˰յĺӰ֮Уһ洫ħƺʲôס
üһзһ䣬ħбţһɫ⳯˷ȥ
һѲ죬Ӱâ˺ѿ¶
ɫ΢䣬֮еĺȻһͷ޴ĺɫĹޣ޳ϸֳһİɫƣոմĶֻ޴ǰצޱȡ
޵һֻСȴ˿̶һأѪܣȻǸոձħնˡ


1478 ޾̶

ɫ׹һһţʮӨİɫ
ְɫһɭɭϢ֮һƬƬľӨ˪ڴ̹ǵıźϯ֮£ĶϳһƬɫ㡣
һ㣬˴һӰĵ׵رܿ˺ϯԡ
ֱִ۴˿Ѿָԭһ˿ɷ
һۣ漴ƿĿ⣬Զɫһûɫ⣬ƿնȥ
ͬʱϹâһһɽ鵲ǰ
֮ǰĽѵȻ׽ħһ׼һģٴλΪһźӰħеĹ˷
δƬϢٴϯ¡
ɫδ䣬ͷɢϢǿֻǱȽóͨƾͨʶ޷Ļ˰ˡ
Ȼ¶Σ޵ĽֱѾעˡ
дǰٴθһֻɫֱۣͬɽ飬סİɫ
ǡУɫֱۺɽ϶һļ
ִһ⣬һŵûɽ֮С
ɽ̸ֳһ޴ɫӰ֮ɽļ̱˳Ӱ֮УͬʱһɫϼɳźӰϣʹһͣ¶Ρ
ڴʱһſһֱۺڹһ㽫ı飬ޱץȥ
һ̣ƿ֮ħзһתĴޱϮڰлΪʮ޴ɫļ£նϡ
Ƭ֮һȻ£նΡ
һֱֻۣĿһת޵ֻ޴ǰ֫ԡ
ֻǰצӲޱȣոռҵĶȻûֺ˿ɢĵĹ⻪
ַһīɫâֻǰצնϣ
Ŀһû˵ʲô
ڴʱ޵ʬϷɳһŰɫţɫƬɢӯӯĹâ
ַһɺס˰ɫţһȥ
ݴ֮һɾʱ壬ͬʱʶУɫƬˮԷ֮С
˿̵ԪΧ˿̻ģֱǵħĺڰģĽľˮзġ
֮УڰԵΪӴ󣬲ҪӽС࣬رոտĽľַĸΪС
Դˣġ
ֻҪݵնɱֻؾͨڣӶᷨƬһܹľ
ħÿһͨѡһط֮иһ͸Բɽͬʱַ֮ศ֮£ͨȻΪǿᡣ
Լ²⣬Ҫ볬ܵǰ淨֮ԼӦúͲǰط֮йء
ǷˣͲö֪ˡ
˵Ҫһַ͸ҲǼΪ׵ģ⼸½ôͨô꣬Ҳûʲôɹġ
ԭʼħĴ˵ȼڼҸ֮ΪһķʽȷʧΪһ־Ľݾ
ֻؾʧǣ޷˵ķ򣬶ıһŬ㶼׷ˡ
ħֻؾȻʧǣΪɵĴӱԴ˵Լֻķ֮Ҳܵɡ
Ҳ벻Լ⣬öֻ֮ؾһ㡣
ʱǰйһնɱͷޣһʱڵͨڡ
ͨӭӶ˵ģȴһɢͰ׹С
˻һۺС
һת󣬳ڶǰģһЩĿռ䡣
գͷϣǺ֮ǰһ޶УһƬɫ֮أʱðһݣгǿҵ
Զȥܶһߣ֪ж֮ӡ
˵޾̶ջػӵĿ⣬ת׿һԵ飬ʵ
Ӧñˡ鿴˿ܣЩȷ˵
˴ƺһؾֻǲ֪ǻ쾵˺δüͷһ塣
Ҫ̽һڴ˿̣һ˻ƵԶֻɫԶգ˷
۾һУЩɴСֳϳŻɫĶë쳣ª
ֻЩֻ浤ΪҴӶԷɢѪâȻҲֻؾĽƿɥʧǡ
ɫת۷ɵ˶ǰͷһţ¡
üͷ΢壬һָһ
ۡ죬ɫһ˲䶴⼸ֻ塣
һѪɽ⼸ͷʬС
еĺ·һ㣬΢΢żͷ񻺻֮С
֣ôѰޣֻؾطûгֹüͷһת׿飬˵
Ŀ΢˵Ļַһɹâһͷɫʬеǰָһţһɺɫâס˻ɫͷ­һ΢ľӹͷ­б˳С
žⲻǱģǷֻɫľǡ
ĿһҲһЩѻ֮ǰҲͼͨѻһЩֻؾ鱨ֻؾеһĽӰ죬ǿң޷ѻꡣ
֪ʩչľǺȻȿҵҲѻꡣ
ţзڹ⣬û֮С
Ƭ֮һսһ顣
ôҵʲôõĶ״ʵ
ƽҲֻ⸽ûûеԶĵطҴЩҵļ﷢֣ǸżһЩֽ֡ʬӵָߵһ򣬿˵
ûͷȥ￴Ҳá
˵ͷָ̳Ǹȥ
޾̶ޱȣ˷ɳСյʱ䣬һɲĶǺɫֻżһЩСɽ͹
һ·֮ϣ֪⣬Ҳû⡣
쿴
ͣ˶ݹ⣬ָָǰһ棬оһ
ת׿ȥֻＫԶĵطм˸ѣΪעĿȷʵطһ
Īǻ쾵֮ʵ
ȥ˵鵭˵
˷ô죬Χһɲ䣬˿Щһˣö˲˷ܣ
̶ŵ֮ȥ
ûã˱㿿ǵֻ֮ǰ֮ƸǶһɫм£֮е羧ӨԶƤս顣
Щ·һ㣬ͣЪĴӰյ¡
յƸǼ󣬿ԼĪ͸һܿƺصӡ


1479 ų
ûӦþ
ĿӦһ£¶һ˿ɫĿ⳯һȥ
ɫһڵǬ׻ƺҲӦǿ׵֮ô
ûнǬ׻ȡ˱ĺ֮һԸڱǰȡ
ˣȥɡͷת䣬дʣϺڹһһɫۣۡ
һϸֳһɫ绡壬
ЩĿһۣ漴˼ϹâһҲһīɫףɢâסȫ
ţֱӷ֮С
ڶ
һ׶ʱϣϵľ֮С
ϵīɫҲΪȻû׵ͨ챾죬棬Ҳɢû˿ˡ
Ϊ֮лʲô壬ǰٶȲ졣
ԽǰȥµԽִɫҲɫ˽ɫǴֹ
üͷһ壬ڷתɫ绡Ȼһͬʱ߶Ǭ׻ϵ׵֮
һִɫ绡ϣֱһ޵׶һ㣬׵磬㱻ȥ١
ɾûˣϵ׹âѾЩȡ
һ㣬īɫ֮ϻֳһɫģױâȶ
ЩѵһƬмǰǰɳʮµĽɫ׵Ѿݱһɫ׵磬ȻǾס
£ܣͨʱҪ
˲ɵͣǰľףһǳǰ
üͷ΢壬ЩȻǬ׻챦Ҫǿжȹ£
ת׿Աߵһۣ˿ɫЩѿƺӦǰľû̫գϵīɫѾЩǸոǿͻƵĽ
ǰǲóԸ׵֮µĶ취֮У¿Ӵһ̣˵
Ŵ˻΢΢һЩĿ˹漴˵ͷȻˣǾ鷳ˡ
ּһɽ飬ƹâţڲռ䡣
ҪȥĿһ΢һȡһö򣬵ݸ
ǰżõһžѻϹţΪ֮ǰֻؾеѻ꣬õĴ˷ҿƺԴȤת㣬ǻ񡣡˵һ䣬һɽռ֮С
һϲųʶһ̽飬֮ùдһѻһһ̺⡣
˿̲оʱֽɽ
˿鱻սɽ飬ûй˼ˡ
ĿһдʣһӣһɫԲɢһȦȦĵ⣬ͷǬ׻
¡¡һ𵴣ͷԲΧڵ׵֮ͬܵĳһ㣬Ǭ׻˽ȥ
Ǭ׻˵ƺúصأڹһȪһ㡣
ɫһϲһǰľ֮С
Ǭ׻ھ֮УԾˮһɫ׵ºֱ˽ȥΧ׵磬Ҳ˹
ɵ׵ԽԽ࣬Ǭ׻ϵԽԽѾɢĹâԽ⡣
ǰһξ룬ǰĳһɫƺǾͷˡ
֮׵ģ硣
һִľϲƣûһ绢飬˹̳ųɱ˹ȥ
Ҳ֣дʣִһǬ׻С
Ǭ׻ɢһȦȦĵ⣬ǰ۳һεĹĻ
Щ绢˵ǰһιĻ¶֮ɫıֱ˽ȥʧˡ
һ㣬˿ɫ
Ǭ׻ಡһɫ֮ϡ
ϲƵľף׷׳Ǭ׻۶ȥ
Ǭ׻ΪģԭĿҫ۵ĵɫ֮ܿߡ
Ǭ׻ϵ˸һ£ڳʧһͼѳǬ׻֮ϡ
һ죡
ɫѿ¶һķ϶
Ŀһλһ⣬ֱӴ˹ȥ
һɹɫǰɫȻһ䣬һӵĺɫǳǰ
ɫǳһƾƯڰ֮еĵϣͷɫһεĻղżҵ˿̾Ȼ˿Ҳ
Ŀ⳯Χȥûио˵Ϣ΢΢˿
ֽǬ׻ּɽ飬һɽ³һɫϼ⣬˳
ѺֶΣôƬ̹Ȼ㴩ǴĿ⳯Χһۣ̾˵
һЦû˵
Ҳûжʣһ˺ɫǳǰһ㳡֮ϡ
Ҳ֮ȥ
ɫǳͨһʯɣЩϣƺǺܾúܾǰĽ
һȦ޴ĳǽΧסǳأֻгſһͨͨ
ܸӦõ쾵ǳصĿ⳯ųǳڲȥɫЩ˵
˵˻ƺЩͣųǳڷȥ
Ŀһʶͬ޷ɢ⣬΢һԥ
˴˳ţһ֮ͨϡ
ͨɣ˺ܿ꣬ǰһȾ޴ʯš
ǿҪ߳ʯŵʱһƵʯųڴһͷɸߵɫ棬ͷǰһɫɲ棬ɢ󣬾Ȼһͷܡ
ɫзһĦ˻һȻһ˹ٶȾȻ֮
üͷһ壬һӣһڹ⼤漴ΪһͷɫСĺɫͿܣ˳ȥ
߿ܺȻײڰзһ졣
ͿܾȻһһ㣬һײɡ
ǰһɫȰĸǰɲ滯һɫĹ⣬ؿڡ
һ죡
屻һ´˳ȥʮɣϵ׺ȻƬ飬ûյ̫˺
ۼһУòˣȻӵ˾ʵͨˡ
һ飬Ȼת׿һģĴ˹еĺɫɲȻһӣʱһɼϢϯɫɲ滯ΪĺɫӰ
üͷһ壬Ȼź浹ȥһӣһ̵âס˺ɫɲӰ
ﬡһ죬䣬ɫâͺڲ˰ա
оɫһħеķȻҲնǺɫɲ档
֨֨һֱȻһӣһ죬ɫâ˳ȥ
üͷһ壬ΪܵĹеЩԾ
һ㣬ƮһЩз䣬ħǴ˲٣·ɣ·һɫΧܷնͣ


1480 
ۼܱʱסлâһһɽ飬зһҪ߶
ѣӺ洫֮һصĽŲ
ת׳ź濴ȥɫ΢΢һ䡣
˿̵Ѿ䣬ԭСȻǴ߰ɸߣȻûжٱ仯һһ䣬ȴ˺ɽ֮С
⣬ֳһɫƬ״ģЩ졣
üͷһ壬ɢǿҵаϢ֮ǰྶͥ
΢һԥ˵һԣٻħС
ûħиţû˿ͣ٣ȥ
ಡһһϸĺӰмٶȿľˣһؿڣȻͷ
ǣˡһ㿴Ӱǵûдڣһµ
һ޴徹Ȼ쳣٣һ嵽ǰ
һƵľ죬޴ײһȻȴײ˼վ
֮ɫһֻ޴ȻĿϹ⣬һ·ìһеܵؿڣ漴˳һֻץסһöɢɫʯ
ľʯ˳˫Ŀһζ˼£㡰顱һ˵ϣܿ첻ˡ
ץɫʯȻһգɫʯķ顣
漴建С󣬻ΪԭĴС
˹Ƴһۡ
ϵаϢСʧˡ
ָԭ״һԲܵ壬ųȥ
ɫ΢䣬ȥʱַһɺסǱɫɲ棬
ܹħӲҿȻ˿δ𣬶Ȼһı뿪֮ϸϸһ
˺ܿ߳˳ڣǰһǰȻһΪĴ
֮гһԲ͵ʯ̨Ȼκ
ʯ̨һ޴ɫ󷨹ΧĵҲ¼һȦȦ󷨷ģһȦȦ󷨹ⲨΧɢȥ
Ŀڰɫ󷨹һͣ΢΢һ
ֻʯ̨֮ϣȻһСľӣתɢɫϼ⣬һεĻ쾵
ɵһ֮ǰֻħƳһۣ˿̲˴˱ģ
쾵ʵؿǽһģһͼɫâɢòΪ
ʱȻһѻһʯ̨ȥһֱֻۻȻǴʮʯ̨ϵ󷨹ץ¡
ֱ۸ոɫ֮кһĿҹ⡣
ɫһ䣬Ҫڡ
¡һ죬Ѿ˳ȥŵվȡ
¶һ˿ŭɫֱ۴˿̱пһӡ
Сģﻹվԣɫ쳣أɫâʮɽ龡ơ
ɫѿһϵ˿ڸֳ⣬ֺܿ
岢ѰѪ֮īɵĿ壬ԲѪ鷢ҲΪˣ֮ѰͨЩٻ
һɫӰӹ֮з˳վͣǰ档
ԭҪȡ쾵һ䵭ӻɫӰд˳
Щɳƣûʲôϲŭ
ӰΧĻҹ⻺¶һӰ
òΪӢɢŨħͷϳһɫǣӦħ֮ˡ
ŻӴ˻һ
Է˼ƺ֪Ǳһ㡣
ʸ˭ĪǴ˵صĿ֮ˣ۾һУʵ
˫ĿûֿңɢϢ֣ԤУʵ϶ͬСɡ
쾵Ȼħڴ˴ѵħˣ
ͷתЩһˡ
أҲô˵ɣ˼ȻͼȾָ쾵Ǳ㲻ҪˡĮĿһۣɳ˵
䣬һ̧𣬺죬ɫâһ󣬻ûЩģľ޽
ڴ͹ӣɫķתͣ
нɫ޽խɢһɲһƺһм֮ǰһ
ɫ󽣱ŵâ濴ͣȴʹΧնŤ
һںɫ޽ȴǺ޷棬ͨīɫ˿һֱۣ֮С
ӵһӣ޽̼˺Ȼնȥ
۾ȻԲ¶һ˿ɫ
ھ޽ɢȻͬķֱ֮ǽ𣬻𣬺ڰ֡
˺Ȼһͬʱַ֮ǿߡ
ַ֮ԣ˲жϳǰַ֮Ѿ޽ӽԲĳ̶ȣǿ˲֪١
һת۵Ĺھ޽ѾǰȻն¡
ɫ޽ͺɫ޽նɫ޽նȥ
ϰԽһ㣬ź浹ȥͬʱʮɽɫϼţ˲ݻɽӴ󣬺ǰ
֮жǿĺܣѰ޷ֵֻɽӴеˮԷ֮ˡ
Ũɫɿĵǰ̼۳һصɫơ
ȻҲʵΪǿҲӲӣ峯źȥͬʱһɫâмӭ˰еĽɫ޽
ʱ˿̣Ҳ˲ˣڷӿɽӴ֮Уȫ߶󷨡
ҿ֮ǰһ·ûĶķûĶ١
ոջûɫƣɫɫ޽Ѿ˶֮ϡ
꣡
ɫâһţ
ʵĶƺһѿ
޽ն˶ƣһһڽľ޴ȥ
һĺڰ֮һɳȽƵĻԷ֮ͬʱϯ£
鵭Ȼۼ޽Ϯƺûиоεġ
дһ󼱴ȴɵɽӴˮһɿǰ۳һȦͬʱһţǰ۳ʵıܡ
ں޽ѾХն£¡¡һ죬һ
ܱնѣ޽һնĻȦ֮ϡ
·ֽмһ޷ֵֺںھ޽˲û壬նΣɢ¡
ԶĻȴû¶ʲôɫͫһ¶Щɫ
ֻնεʬ壬ʱΪһȻɢ
ͬʱɽӴϿϢĸֳһӰ
ɫϾŻӣոǵַ֮˻ӵ۾
թֻʹһΣһزٷˡ


1481 
Ӷ֮ʱԱ߲Զһ죬һŴĿɫâֶ֮漴һ졣
ȥһīɫӰеŵʮ⴦ſסΣ顣
ͷŵǱɫâ˿Ѿϳأ˵ϣһҲѾɡ
ǵҲмͣѹܹĿһɨ󣬵˵
˵䣬һһ޽Ϊ⣬һնصٴǰ
ͬʱϻҹһӿƺһĹ
ǰ˲öԸӸոյӦ˲ַ֮˼֣ҲδǴ˵Ķ֡һεԲԶ촽΢ͨ
Ķϱһۣаңոַ֮ӹһ٣¼㲻Ҳ֫ˡ
ԼȻ̶ַ֮ȣȴԶԶԷӲӲġ
ĻȻ˱ܵ˼Ѿ¶š
ǺòײŵԷΪ˻㰲Ȼ𣿡ȴñ˵
ԣ̾˿û˵
ĻУԷѾ¶˾Ҫȡ쾵ˣӦûкδ
ȻΪвСտûӳ֣Ҳǲ³
ˣһˡ
ˣ뿪óЩ𣿡ƺ˵Ĵ˵һ
ͬʱһӣһҹ⣬һŵûա
黥һۣһ˿ɫ
һ̣¡¡֮ӱڴһҹתȻ£ϸֳһƬɫâȻǸĳֽ֮
ɫâɿ쳯˷Ӷգۼ䣬ܵǽڰ컨弰棬âǡ
һ
ܹԼоѾһɼΪǿĽ֣֮Ȼа취ƿ˽ƣлڴˣȻԸġ
Ѿû·ˡͷŻ˵һ䣬ǰɳ϶Ȼֳǿҵīɫâ
һžڴڹâ֮зɿǴתۼ仯ΪһСɽɫˣ֮ǰնɱͷܻҪӴ١
ͬʱֳɫƬһķģ˵Ϣڽг˿֮С
ͷҲ˸֮УִƬīɫϸ˿һ֯£һոµֱ۾ϻָ۶
ӿı仯ɫһţƺЩ죬漴ָ糣ˡ
ֻ˫ַһ仯ǰһһ޽Ȼâʢдһ졣
дһͺȣ޴峯ŻӼͳȥ޴˫㷢¡¡ĽŲƺպգƺڸ΢΢
ľٶɫһ
ǰ£Ҳԥʲôˡ
˫ʮָǰһְ仯һŵ·ɽӴ֮Уɫ˹дͳĳ
ɫ룬ϿʼֳӨ貵ĻâɫƶͬʱһŨԷ֮һ֣˲佫С
һ̣ɫ糤ˮû壬תۼʧ٣ȡ֮һɫףͷŸǵʵʵ
֮ϸֳһĻƣ̺һɻʵԷ֮ͬʱԻʮɫӰˮ֮ŨˮԴԴϵɢ
ʩ֮ʱͻȴѾݱĽ֡
޴֮ɫâӳһɫϳצһȦȦĽɫģһ㡣
ֻƾͶ䣬һ˺Ѿ죬һצӰƾո֣նһѺۣһǿҵķ򲨶һɢŻӷ籩һĹ
㹥ƣɫҲ˼֡
˫趯ǰһһ޽ҲѻΪһƬɫܼɵĽѸ͹ơ
Ȼ˫ƼӲ𣬲̺ŽԷ֮Ǻɫݺύ£ȴûռֱˡ
߾һŽֵľ档
ͻȻ鱳īɫâһһꡱ֮һֻצ𹳳ͬЫβһ㣬ڰлһߣνâƾոֶɢһǿ֮ĽԷ򲨶
ͽâѸǴֱץȥ
龫ÿͬʱԽԷ֮˿ȫʩչ֮£ȻƲɵ
ͻȻϮɫ˿δ䣬ſһâ½âȻײ
֮ǵâ֮ϸֳһĿɫ绡Ǿףʩչľ˲ֹһ
ɫ绡ͬһ㣬ǰ½â֮ϡ
Źâʱ֯һ𣬻õķֱ֮ΧҲ죬ƾ֮
ǵâһֻС棬òˣȴǼ
ɫ绡Ϊ׵Ĺ㽫½âѹ£󣬽㿶ְ½âҲȺɫС顣
ţɫС׹⣬еצ𹳶һһռϷļơ
ЦһƬʱ䣬ѾĹֶΣ˫ַһ䣬Ҫʩչ
ڴ˿̣һһӰȰ㸡ֶ
һɳɫâмһ֮£ûʮݺύĵâһɫŻк¡
Щâ֮У̺ͬһ˿Է֮
ͬʱʮɫӣ·㴥ְݺݳȥͬʱɫˮ
Ȼϵ֣ƺûϵѣһֱ羪κ˰Ѹ͡
ϵʱͣ·ľٶֻһҲһɫϼɿ측ֶǰ
ݺύɫâնڻɫϼ֮ϣһɾҷɢ˳ȥ
ţʮɫӼƬݺ˻ɫϼ֮ϣһȭͷĹâŽž˷
ɫϼȻƵס˹ҲҶϳֳ֧ӡ
ɫһ䣬Ҫɫâ֮һ֮£ͻȻһɫӰһ̣һ־޴½ɫâֶն˻ɫϼ֮ϡ
ɫ䣬ɫϼһȻâնѣɫ½âȻѿΪν⣬ĺɫһ𣬽ӵӰû档
ԻΪģһɽɫ쫷һɾ޴ѹΧɢȥӰҲɾϯ֮£׷ͣйȥ
ĺãվκ󣬿һۣ¶һ˿ϲɫ˵
˺һξ󣬾վ˰գǰ쫷뱬ŰĿϹ˸û˵
Ȼħͫͨ˱ѵĹâ֮£Ҳ޷ǸȻ˴γһСĿôױġ


1482 ħҫ
󣬳Ľɫâڽɢ¶Ρ
֮ɫ΢΢һ䣬ͫҲ֮һ¡
ֻӾվڰգ屻һ״İɫ֣ĮĿڿ
ǰɫӹֱԼһȦȦ·ƣɢĹ⻪أȴһּ᲻ɴݵļʵ֮Уֵס֮ǰ籩һ
Ӵ˿̿Ҳ˿ϸ֮£ϵĻжദѿܿһЩ˺ۺѪ
ܺãû뵽ҫ﷭ˡСˣҲˡ
˵ţһܵİɫɢΪһŰƴСķ
ĿϹһתڶԷɲǼ䣬ǷǷӵķģмһɫ͵ͼɢһɼΪǿҵķ֮
漴֪뵽ʲôɫЩһ䣺ҫ
ǵõʱħҫϹʱħ˽ս֮ʱħһͳ˧֣ҵħԨ㣬Ǹ쾵ľ޴࣬Ӧñҫµġ
ѵӱǸϹħͳ˧֪ʲôֻؾиˣ
Ȼܲ˼飬ȷʵܣ˲Щͷһӣħкս趼˻
ڴʱӵһգɫĴϸֶУ۳һɫӰ
ĿڻɫӰ֮ϣͫȻһɫӰɢǿҷ֮ڸղŵǸӷ֮ϣһּΪΣյĸо
ͻȻƿ֮
һɫӻӱȻһߵѾȷ˹
üͷһ壬δתֱŤһ˼ĽǶȣлɫӰȻһӡ
ءһ죬ϰٶɫĸֶһ֮󣬳ǵصϯȥ
鷢ɫһɫ棬׵ѿɫһģ󣬱Χ
ɫһ䣬ҪʩչֶӦ֮ʣӿзɿдʣָһ㣬ϰٶɫһ±ѿ۳һ޴ɫر档
û뵽ԼϸֳŭɫһԾ޴īɫƺݺݺ˻ɫ֮ϡ
ǻɫΪ̣ܵػֻ˼£˿ûѵļ
ƺκһ㣬Ŀе˵ְɡ
һ漴һεķ˹ȥ
ಣ
ħкսâзΪƬ⽣ӰŻڼͬ˲ưڻǰ
ӲŲæָһԵɫС档
ɫСһ΢΢һȻֳһɫâһĻûһɫӭħкսâ
зһߡ
һž촫ɫȻѶһɫžУΧһɾҵ
ħкսâֱӱ˳ȥ
ɫɢֶ
ڴʱһɫӰȻֱӴɫ⣬˵˻ɫǰ
΢΢һȻûϵ˿ס
ʱɫأϺɫâţ֪ʱħǴ˲٣ͷɫӡڷ⡣
ֻеͺһֱһ٣ȭͷһƣһźڹ⣬ΪȭӰĳŻӿ
ȭӰԼӰ
ӿЦһһֻƴ̽Ӱ£ΪһƬɫ˿ӭȭͷ
²⣬Ϲʱڵħͳ˧ҫ񸴻δãΪδָܻΪ
ĪһģʵҲһħˣ弫ΪǿᣬոҲսâնУҲֻЩˡ
ͬʱҫһַһߣǱɫСҲΪһɫ⣬ʧ˰ա
͡죡
ĺɫȭӰɫ˿Ȼײ֮з·һװը죬߽ӴĵطһȦȦڻɫˮ㲨ƣͬʱƬͣ
ꡱһ֮屬ˣֱۺȻһĽǶţ¶ŵľɫ
üͷһ壬һɾ޴ֱֱ͸ڣһ󷭹Ҳܡ
ڴʱﬡһ֮ǱɫС治֪ʱ󣬲һ´ϴ˿̴ʮɽûɵףΪ̡
ֻǱеĵطѿ˼ƣâһɫС㱻˳ȥ
ɫһһӣΧʮɫӰɫС֮ϡ
ɫӰкĸֳ˿˿ˮһɼ֮ǡ죬ɫС汻һž޴ļ֮Уĵ˵ϡ
ҫ״ɫЩѿһֻڶϱȻһ
ԹǶֱָ̻ԭ״ͬʱһɫâס˶ϱ֮˿ۿɼٶȻָ
ڴʱ΢΢һȣзһߡ
Ϻɫâţͬʱҫδɢĺһڹ˸һööɫԲֶʮöħ
ȥȻһ֣еͺһ
ʮöħڹһʧ٣һȻҫԣһ֮֫ϡ
ҫɫһ۵ķȻһɢûϵʮöԲ֮С
ϾΪ޽ӽĴڣϻҹתۼָԭ״
ͬʱֳһɫâʮöħϴǡһȻһɫɢĺڹʱ˥ȥ
Ŀһְֳͣдʡ
ʮöħȥĺڹٴεĺڹЩ񱩲
ҫɫһ䣬Ȼʲô

дһ
ħȻһ渡ֳһȦȦĺɫģţʮöħȻѿ
һڹıɫЩֵҫûС
һıʣʹøɫе鿴ЩĿɿڴ
ڴ˿̣ΧĻɫâһȻһɢ
ɫһ漴ϲ
Ӧҫ˾ش޷άֻɫ
дʣ帡ֳһ⣬޴ɿС˺ͳ˲С˫Ծɱצģ
һݣɵԡ
һۣû˵Ŀǰıը֮
ըĵĺɫâɢҫĵĴ
˿Ϊңԭ۶ϵұ۴˿ֱϵѪӵֽҲǽһƬѪ졣
ҫԹĿħǽķȻһԱ֮⵽ش
ϵѪӿȻΪһѪ⣬Ŵ쾵ʯ̨ȥ


1483 һ
⣬ֹ
ɫһ䣬һӣսħ׵ļΪʮâ⣬Ѫɱȥ
Ҳɫ䣬ֱֻ裬һצâݺύļץѪɫݹ⡣
Ѫٶȼ쳣˸֮£ΪĶеĵ⽣Ӱצâһģ󣬺谭ķ˻쾵˰ɫ֮С
սħӰε׷ȥն˰ɫ֮ϡ
¡¡һ죬ɫޱȣһ׹⵴սħһ˳ȥ
ɫ֮УѪɫݹһֳҫӰ
˿忴ֿ˼֣ӦǸոʩչѪԵʡ
֮ӰһӰͣ˸ǰ
ɫѿзһȣֻ֮ŴĿ⣬ɫļΪֻɫצ
һɺƴѹӽɫצɢɫأĿһ˲תĿŽɫצ
ص飬ȻһԽɫצѹ׵ֶΣС
һԵ۾һУһץһĿ̹Уȴһɫӣħޡ
һӣڷʼԴԴעħ֮УһȦȦɫĸֶʹ̹
ڴʱһֱͣȻһӣһԽɫצȻһţһȴȻץ˰ɫ֮ϡ
һ죬ɫҲƺ̱Ҫץѡ
֮Уҫɫ΢΢һ䣬е֮ɫһţ漴ָƽ˫ַһߣ͵ҧ⣬һѪ˻쾵֮ϡ
쾵Ȼ׹ţһɺ嫵ĵΧĹ֮Уɫâһ˸ȶ
ҫۼ˾¶һ˿Цָһ쾵
Ө׹ⶸȻӻ쾵мֱֻɫצ֮ϡ
ɫצһȻһ󶴡
ɫһ䣬ֻɫצһ漴Ȼѿ
һףзһƺߣһ˸ٴСΪһʼŮͯģ
ߣƾҲͼȾָ쾵ʵǳ룡ҫһɳ
˵꣬ˣԹԵϥ˻쾵Աߣſһɺڹ⣬ס˻쾵ƺʼ
ɫһ䣬Ŀⲻɵÿ
ڴʱзһͣеħȻų̹⣬̼䱻Ⱦ˱֮ɫɫڳ֮Ϸӿ֮иֳ󳪰
֮ͨرֻؾͨնɱͨľԷ֮󣬴߶ħޣȻǹȥͬնġ
ܵħɢѹɫһ̲סһ
ϾɫܿȥĿһ˿ɫ漴ʧ١
֮Уҫ˿ҲоĿҲһƳ˹ݵ֮ܣ
ûҫķӦֳһ̹⣬õľԷ֮
һӣϵ̹һ۳һɫâûħ֮С
ħ޷ɢɫâٴδʢ
Ŀһסħ޵ֱһӣħ޶Ȼһ籩ĻΪһģӰѸޱȵ˰ɫ֮ϣʱʱŽ
ֻһɫ⻷ӱӰ´ǿķ򲨶
ɫȻޱȣڱӰ֮·ֽһ㣬׻Ϊ㾧â
׼Ĳǰɫ֣ҫ
ħ޻֮˿ͣҲûУƬɫӰ缲㣬ҫһֶ£·
ҫֻΧһһķ֮ԼΧĵˮ©·նһ㡣
۷֮ʱȻԵԷ֮֮ƴ֮ǰʮöħȡԱ֮£ڷʧ룬ұ֮
£Ȼ֮ɫһһ꣬һ
ʱϱڽɫϼ⣬֮֯£Ϊһɫ֣һŲϼ룬ɿһһǡ
ãҪԱ龪ֵȻ
һӽֽԲͨԱĻĪ˵˾֮·ԲﶼữΪһƬȻ޴ġ
ֻʻûǸֹ
ǧһ֮ʣͻ
ҫͷһһɫƾոֶ壬һΡ

һĻζһȦĽɫɢ͸ɫ֣ҫС
ʶ΢΢һָ˹
Ƭ̵ĳͣȴԭһԱͣ
ءһ죡
ɫɫӰºȻɢҫԴ·𼦵һѿɽѪҲħ޵ľ޴Ϊ˷ĩ
ԪӶݶԴΪ촷ۡ
ҫͷʬڰҡ£׹˵ϡ
ۼҫȥɫһɣֱһħء
ɫϱĴԸֳўɣѸɢȻѣΪɫƬ
һε˵ϡ
һļҶƷӣȴֻĹֻеļȴֻ֪ʱڵķ˿ѾףҲ¶˼ƣɫ
ħޣȡһöҩ¡
ڴ˿̣΢΢һ£һâϢС
Ȼεڵʯ֮Ӧ䣬ӲԱÿ˼硣
ţһɼС֮ϣѪէ֡
㷭һ壬ӵʮ֮⡣
ȻˣСϻƿһ˿ڣɽ仯׾ȻҲֽͬһ㣬ѿûֵܵâֺ
˿а׹תͣȴѪʱ˻ָ˿ڷɿϡ
δͣȻһתһӰѾӰεķ˹͵Ϯ顣
һɫ޽Ӱ͸ոջ۳Ļɫ޽һ㣬ɢŨĽԷ֮
ৣ
ɫǶȼΪ꣬ȻҪδԭնڽ¡
һ㣬˳ȥһٴμħޡ
ﬡһ죬ħ޺ͽɫӰײһ𣬽ɫ⻷Ȼ֯һʱ
ڷףħɢҲ𽥰ȥȻɫӰѹȶ
ǰ´˾Ϊ⣿Ϊ˻쾵±ᣬѳҪȡԱǡ³˵
鲢ûд𻰣һɫӰâţһ죬˴һ˳ȥ
ŵһֻнһ֮жһŽɫתӲӣΪҫۡ
¶һ˿ᣬ漴һѽ顣
һһӲӵĹƾն˷ԲʮɷΧ
֮УȻһ޴󹬵ӰһĴ
ζʱͻȻֵĽɫӰ֣һͬɽѹһ㣬һ±̶ԭ˿á


1484 
һ侲ϸֳڹ⻤סҪһ߾ܵĴ߻ҩָͬʱħҲɢ⣬ͼƽɫӰ
ǽɫ֪Ǻľ޴󹬵ɢһɹķ֮ռ䣬֮ʵ̫ǿᡣ
ԲԴ߶ħ֮ǿǴ˿̣ȴ˿á
νֿˣһϽľŹǬԪĪ˵ֻͨΪ̤ҲӲ˷Ըħģû뵽ȴǰϣҲ֪ˡۼɫסд󶨣ݵ˵
˵ţϽһ˾ֱɫ˿Ӱ죬ͬʱ¶һ˿˵ҲδҪɱ㣬ȴûϵСӾа취޼ɵɴ˵ķ֮ĵȥɣɷ֮ܣұ躹ޣһգҽΪ׸ߴԴΪֱӳĴڣʱԭʼħʲô
˵˴ͣǰнɫ󽣻Ȼ̧𣬴С麣
˫ĿԲɣзͺ𣬵޼¡
һеĽɫһȻ̴Сû˰ء
ɫһϲһ̣һ䡣
С֮ϣ֪ʱֳһƬĵĹâɫ󽣴Ĺ֮У·û̶һ㣬ƺûж˿𺦡
˿Ҳ¶ȵɫ麣֮Уݲ֪ʱɢâһ
һ̣ݺ΢΢һһǿ֮пӿ
֮ûɵĽɫ󽣣ȥɫ󾪣Ҫջؾ޽ȴо޽˿֪Ҫȥȴ屻һ̶ԭ
˽ɫ󽣣СĹʱ࣬ǰһΣСȻ֣·һĵĴڣΧĽɫӰһŤģ֮£Ϊһƽϼ׷׷ɾûСС
¶ŵɫҪܣȴ˫һ㣬벻
ɢ֮ԽԽŽɫӰˮһ㱻ȥâɿȥ
ϵɿڴʱǰСһιʧԭأһ̳麣֮УһɾӿɺԵ麣
תۼ䣬ķָ˲١
ɫϲһħһģĻΪһűӰһϯȥ
ɫ֮ɫڽɢ
ۼ˾ʱ󾪣еͺһȻһнɫ󽣣ħնȥ
󽣺ͱӰȻײﬡһ죬ɫ󽣴ѿħƲ˥سϡ
̺ľԷ֮֮ħ֮ǼƷҲܲסʱϳء
ɫ䣬˿飬ɫӰݺύһԴ֮⣬īɫʯɢ
˿̣ɫӰͬɫѱݾȥһᣬӰ˵ϡ
һɫŴͷ­֮иֶԶȥ
һַһɺɫûһֻɫ֣ƾճʮ֮⣬ɫ֮ǰһס
ɫ֮УԪС˷һſɫըںɫ֮ϣ˿ҲûУɫһǰ
ԪСֹͣ˷Ŀ⿴
ұΪһ֮ˣ벻ҲǼ֮Ŀ⺮˵
ߣ׵ضظҲδػŹҰɣҼȻˣȻƾ㴦ˣ뽫֮û¶˿η֮ɫ˵
ƶ󷨵ķңҸһʹ졣ɫĮ˵
ٺ٣ȻһΪһὫ𣿡¶һ˿Ц
Ȼ¾ƲԳԷƣҲֻܶѻˡ˵ţбһĺڹ⣬ԪС͸ȥ
Ԫ˿壬¶һ˿Цƾѻڹ͸ڡ
Ƭ֮üͷһ壬ָĺڹһ
ѻԪһɼΪ͵Ȼ޷͸Ԫһ֮£ʲôû̽
ȻʼӴ϶ܹͻҲ֮ҷ
ԭ޿֣Ϊ𣿡˵
ߣҵƶܹʹ꣬Ե˴ĿʴκѻһɢͳܡһЦ˵
ɫһĿ˸
ѣµˣҲٵõƶֻؾУΪһѪΪħ˼¡ܾ˵Ĵ£㾫ǲİɡĿ΢˵
¾˵ʲôµĿɲáһĴϵ
ףҷҵĶīһұ㽫ƶڸ㣬Ӵֻؾзֵ죬֪ΣԪС˺ɫ
㲻˵õ쾵󣬱а취ܹ뿪ֻؾΪλҪصĶһ£ʵ
ʵԶûô򵥣˵Ҫ뿪˵أҪļ챦У쾵ֻһˡֻؾħһִɣôױ뿪ġ֮ǰô˵ôϸðˣĿЩƮ˵
ԭˣѹȻơһЦֳһ˿Źɫ
֪ѶҸոյô˾ٺһǶܾˣյĵ߿ħ鿴Щԣæ˵
¶һ˿飬ָһѻڹⶸȻʢݺݰסԪ
ʲôѵҪƣԪС¶ֵɫΧĺɫĹޱȳԪ
ĻδţеĺɫĹԽĿ
Ƭ֮Ԫ񷢳һĲҽУѿΪɫâ
һɫŴԪиֶ֮аɫƬ
ɫĮſڣɫȥ֮С
вʹһ
Ƭ֮ݷ³һɾ鷨֮Ƭ
ڽԷ֮ħںڰԷ֮
ɫƬʶ֮УĽԷ˱ںڰģѾӽԲ
΢ϲһѵʬ壬һöָ漴һɵҫͷʬԣС淨ʬϵĴ﷨Ҳһ
ϧոҫԱǰϦɷ֮Ƴ⣬ħ̫󣬽Ԫͬɷ֮Ϥ촷ۣ˴˵ľͷģڷ֮ضܹǰһˡ


1485 
źҡҡͷĿһתʯ̨ϵĻ쾵֮ϡ
쾵˿ʯ̨֮ϣͨɢ͵Ĺâ
һ˿֮ɫϾΪ˴˱ħ½岻һеɳǿ߽յԨȴУ鼰ħ䣬Ҳ˱Ѳ˸ϵ
һˣ̾һֱҪ쾵ȡ
㲻ĻͲҪǾӡһ㶯˴˾ħתۼƿ˴ˡһ΢
üһ˻ȴû¶ʲôɫ΢΢һЦ˵ǰòˡ
ǸȻ顣
Ŷû뵽㻹ǵңѵáһ٣˵
Ȼұץֻؾʼǰһֱд߶֮᲻֪һЦ˵
ĬƬֻ̣ǰһعѾһɵĿռ֮Уδռ䡣
ΧϤããһ̾
̤֮·ʼ˵ǧ˿Ƶϵû뵽ϵ϶
ڴʱǰһ󷭹һӰԶĻͣ˾ʮ⡣
ͷϴŶñòñ֮һ˫۾˹
ǰֱӺˣ΢һ֡
ۣĿ˵Ǹħѽ֪˰ɣ
˵ͷ
֮ԴڣΪ˶Կԭʼħֻؾۼħ֮ǷĴη壿Ŀͬһ㿴ʵ
Ǻǣ˵ηƭ˵ģҲͨˣ˱ҲùΪʬ⣬װɡ˵
̹ס˵ǻǵʶпȡ֮ĬƬ̣˵
лǰ͡ͼϵǰϧһֱûǰӦʲôҪ˵ɣ΢΢˹֣漴һת˵
˿ֻؾУħδݣʱһȻܹ֪ĴڡҵûлӦĺһҪҵϢ¶һ棬ҲҪǷʸΪ֮Ȼ˵
ǲ֪ǰΣĿһ˵
ȻԲԻ㲻Ҳǿʸˡ鵭˵
ȻǰϿ£֪ܷš´˿̵ĴǰҲ޷ֻؾжġ˵
ȻѾö⣬ԻΪ򿪡ǳ˵ǰ棬Ȼַ֮Ϊħ󣬼õĴ֮Ҳδܺħ⡣鵭˵
ǰȫ˵
˵ͷ˵˫ȻƣһλɬѶڿյлصԵЩ顣
ĿתĿĶͷת˼£ɫȴǹž
зͿһͣɫռ֮Ȼֳһҫ۶ĿĽ⣬ЩԼеĽɫתޱȣɵĿռ˲䱻յһƬڻԻ͡
һͳ޴Ľɫķ׷ըÿһöĶΪһŽ⣬գۼһƬ貶ĿĽ֮ǰ
֮ƶһɣɵĽɫŴӺƽ滺ֶ
˫ĿһС
ֻűһɫݺύţճһŹֵͼ
ǰĽɫţһ˿ɫ
ܾǰ޲TҲٻɫţֻ޲TѾʧֻһƱԴ񻹺ú÷ָֽ֮С
Ӧ޲TպлὫ临
Ѿ׵ͨ磬Ƕڸ֮һ֪֪ʱܶŵԡ
˼䣬ɫչǰȴŽգһ߲ϼ⡣
ٴ˫иֳ߲ϼ⣬Ҫʩš
һ£ǰܷҳȥһ£ĿһĿ˵
һ֣ͣĿ⿴˹
ԡƺʶʲôһֵ
ǰһ˲ԭȵĴ֮ϡ
Ŀͻӵͷʬһɨָһ˶˶˵Ĳ֮ϣ仯Ϊ˻ҽ漴ϸΧĲۼĨȥ
ЩĿ˴ʯϵĻ쾵ϡ
쾵Χ˿̻һ΢İɫȦӦþ˵ħµĽơ
һһȭ˰ɫȦ֮ϣ飬ԥһѽ쾵ץС
һ͵ӻ쾵͸˹ڣʹһ
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дϲȻûм쾵Ʒƺħ֮ϡ
Ŀһֽ쾵սָֽʶ͸ݡ
ǰˡͺһ
û䣬͸һǿǰһֻصռ֮С
ʱ򻹸һȡɼΣΪˣӦһȷľ鿴˵
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Ѿ˽ɫţҲðȥȡ쾵
ȻϣҲںעһĶһˡ
û˵ִһ߲ϼ⣬˽ɫ֮ϡ
ɫϲƵ߲ϼѣ޴黺򿪣ʱƬĿŶ˫ĿĿϹת֮£ԼһڰײΰİӰת
ǼλϹŴƵر棬ȥ֮󣬻Ŀ㣬ܲͨЩ飬㿴컯ˡ鵭˵
ɫ΢漴˵ͷҪ߽ţͣת׿飬ʵǰûͨ飬Σ
ûʸ֮³ô꽫ᱻͬ˵صħһ㣬ȻǱѰһˡûһ˿˵
ԭˣлǰ档ѵĹһЦһΣֱӷ˾֮С
ɲǣǸתİӰȻתƬڰɫϼӿιڰɫϼһӰһͬʧ˽ɫ֮С
Ŀ⵭ȻĿſտҲĽɫţ֮̾˿
ţΧĻɫһ󷭹建û˻ɫռ֮С
ɫ֮ûãŻ쾵ĴȻֳһźڹ⣬һûһɫ
ţһɫߵӴӺɫ֮ƾո֣˳һɾ֮ѹʱϯ
˲Ǳˣԭʼħ
ԭʼħſտҲʯ̨ɫΪѿ
ɫһȡһڹƣùħӡһ֣ǡҫ֣˿Ѿ޹⡣


1486 Źֿռ
ԭʼħϻҰ֣ɫ˼֡
ʲôˣҫǶ֣ԭʼħüͷ壬˵
Ŀ⳯Ŵ֮п˹ȥֱһӣһȦˮһĺɫⲨΧɢȥܿ콫̽һ顣
˴սۼбĨȥĺۼ˿ϢҲûв
ڴʱһУһ⡣
ԭʼħüһ漴һεķ˹ȥ
һ֣ǵеУȴһָ״Сɫʯ
ī񣿡ԭʼħзһɺڹ⣬ɫʯ棬Ƭ֮˵
ɫʯ֮ˡ
ԭʼħָ΢΢еī顣
Ҳʲô鲻
ֻؾвڣͨΪ֮ӦûܹɱҫǣҲǾԡԭʼħͷת
ֻؾȻʲôԤ֮顣
ԭʼħɫڴ֮оվƬ̣ת߽Աߵĺɫ󣬺ڹһӰʧ١
ֻؾħʹУԭʼħӰһ޴У漴˳ȥ
һӣԭʼħһ޴󹬵֮С
УһʮɴСľ޴ɫ̣̱ԵһŹֵķģԼһӡ
ԭʼħһɫɢĵĹâתͲһ㣬ɿ측ֳһɫĻÿĻеľɫһѩɽвԭк滹вߡ
ž޴̵תɫĻеľɫɿת
ԭʼħɫЩϥвϴһͬʱĿⲻЩɨ
ֻؾģҲ֪ΪΣʼһĪǲҵԴ޷

ֻǰ˺ڰɫϼ⣬һתǰĺڰɫϼһŻָ˼¼׹ȥ
æһϸֳڹ⣬ͣ˰ա
˿ǰһĿռ䣬·һƬȺɽÿɽ쳣ߴһɽ嶼ߴǧɣϵɽǶ಻ʤһۿȥ޷ֱʣ·عͨϹ֮ʱ㣬ԲãΡ֮
Ⱥɽʮ˻ĹľȱȽǣȪϪһľ
Ҵ˴ռ֮еŨԶԶʤǰκεطв
·ɽ֮У滨ҩ洦ɼҴ඼ûм֡
סеľȣһһͬ˲һ㣬·һɽ֮ϡ
ͻȻ뵽ʲôһ㣬׳ȥǧɵĸ߿УһɫɢȻǴĴͷ
Ŀһתɽ屳һɫݣ̵ĸ˾Ͽ˼ʵɢһ΢֮
ΧˮᣬʹΧŵİЩλá
ѩĿһϳݡ
ǼΪˮݣһζѩĵҩͨҲдã½Ѿȴһꡣ
ʶһɨԲǧ֮ڣ⺮ѩͬȼݾʮ֮࣬мɢѩ֮ϡ
ʲôطѵһϽĵطвɵò²
Ͻ磬ʵ벻ﻹɽء
Ƭ֮ҡҡͷַһɺҪ⺮ѩ
ڴ˿̣ѩԱһһӰһ˳
Ӱ֮һֻɫСߣͨģ䱳һɫɢŨȻо綾
ߡĿһָһ
һɫһɫնأʬ˵ϣŲ
ǰ⴦ɽУ˸ĵرҲвޣոնɱģһͷ󾳵ޡ
Ҳʲôȫ֮СĽ˺ѩûмطչҩ
ƽգ϶ҪúһֻеĿĲڴˣûЩ顣
Ҳ֪νĿںδãȻĹˣ
˿Ҳûпʲôͷ˼Ƭ̺һΪһɫ磬һɶݶȥ

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ؿռһطһһɵľ޷ң޷Χïܵɭ֡
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Զһɫݹ⼤ڰһȦɫ޷һ֮ϣֳһӰ
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˴Ŀռ䲢󣬷ԲҲʮм޴ɽѶ
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һ֮УΪѾؿռ䶼̽һ飬ȫһƬԭʼɽֵķòŨ֮⣬֮
ħνǼԸħı˵Ŀ飬û˿Ӱ
üͷ壬漴ȡһɫ֮һͼһ֮УԼƵռĵͼ
ͼѾӽ¶һ˿ɫаԻԼһ·Ƿ©ʲôط
֮ʣһ޴ʯ֮УһOO@@ʮֻߴСĺɫ֩˳
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ͷһֻɫ֩뷢һУһ漴˹
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üͷ΢壬Щ֩붼ǵͽޣǵ£ȻУֻ˼ϣЩá
üһһӣһɫžǰǻ쾵
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ʮͷ֩κĶ˰գȲǰҲ䣬ռƺһ㣬Ϊ졣
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һУѽ쾵һ¡
˾Ȼ֮ü࣬ոյĽռͨһ֡
ִһ׹֮кĸֳһƬӨɫ档
Щɫ֩һɫ棬ѩһѸڻʧ˿ۼҲûв
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֪˱ַ̺֮޷͸ֺЩ򲢲Ŀǰյַ֮κһ֣һַ򣬶ϵĺڰп֮ǺͺڰĹ
ҡҡͷ쾵һΪһڹ⳯Զȥ
ո˼ϣһʱҲ벻ʲôɴǰû֡
֮һƽԭ֮ء
ƽԭ֮ϣһƬïܵĽɫľΪ׳ۡ
ֺ֮УһʮĴʶˮƵİΪ׳ռĺ֮һ


1487 췣ؽ
ӱϢƬɫֺйᴩһ䣬Զʶȥ
˫Ŀ΢΢ǵú֮ǰʱĴû䣬ǱֱԶȥ
Ŀһ˸μɵ˺ӵתĵط
ôܣüͷ塣
ļ䲻ܴҲûʲôƵĺۼӵϥߵı̲ݴҲû˶ôͨĶӵĺۼ
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ռ¶Щ쳣ֻ֮Ҫ˳ϣ϶ջ
ͷתεض𣬷ɵ˰֮Уɫâ˸Χȥ
ףһħͫɴһΧ֮в֪ʱֳһƵ
Ѱˮûħͫʱ˿ûз״
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Χǵûнңڴ˷ĺУһվɽεض𣬷¡¡죬ϷƱã·췭ظһ㡣
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еľɫѾʧϹ˸ס۲Χľ䡣
һ֮УռڽΧѾ췭ظľ䣬һƽԭһƬ׳ɽվ߷ͻ
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ΨһĹԴʯϵһյߵľ޴ƣͬһĵɫϣֳһСԲνɫ󣬷һһ
͸죬ɫΪ񣬽гߣͨףص佣һ͸һ͹Ľӽһֱ쵽⡣
һɫͨڣɢĺâͽȻ޽ڣէһƺһκɫ״һ㡣
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Ϣ϶֮ɣԶԶħ޺ͻ쾵
Ľ֮Уսƺоʲôһη
ִһû뽣֮Уֹס˽
һҪ̤
ڴ˿̣ɫĽţһ͵ǼޱȵȻϣ䳯ź˳ȥ
˳ɣվ壬¶һ˿
кһ͵͵֮֮иһɫ⣬һΪ壬ֳӰ
һˣһü޵ӣòΪӢһۣһɫ޽δʣȴܸܵһ޷Ȼ⡣
Žӵһ㣬Χȹľ޺īɫϰֱۼ쳣ͣͬһޡ
ֳһɫĿɽ޸ɢŨľ
վмģһɫ۵ߣձ󱳶̧ԴϥƽС
˿Ȼȴһֻʵɺ֮У֮ԴϢΪǿ
ұߵģһ۵ĹͷӣһԲնպƤϿЦеģ˫ȭ֮ϲ˿˿硣
ұһɫӰһˮɫװۣͷŸʵķޣʹȥֲӵƮƮ֮С
Ůһɴ֣һ֪һǸɫŮӡ


1488 춴
дĿǰһһɨߵĽ϶ͣһ¡
˵òǵһμϣȴһʶ֮С
ôȥˣ𣿡ϸ룬վмĻ̧ۿ˹
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֪λǰγƺһ𣬲仹Ǳסƽʵ
ǰӰˣһƻӰƻӰɢϢҲΪǿᣬ֮¡
ҵǺԺϸ˵Сӣһ춴֮ˣֳɫ޸ľ޺˵ͬһ㣬ÿ졣
춴ǵõϿɣŽ˵صġһ漴ʵ˵
˻˻ۡ
ǺǣĵҲΪСеʵ춴ȡıѡǸ꿪˵
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ܵõ춴ϿɣҲв֮ΪȷʵЩǸ۹ͷӺǺһЦ˵˫Ŀгһ졣
Ѿݣ֪λǰǺˣѵǵ춴ļλϹǰüͷ΢壬ȭһ
춴ҵƣ˱Ȼֻһ취ȴ̺ſռ䷨ʱ䷨ҵ֮ƶɣҵ˲ԳЩѡ˵ƺеľϼΪƳ硣
ž֮ɫҲһࡣ
ռ䷨򡭡ʱ䷨򡭡Ŀ΢΢һǰħ޲Tƺ½ʿķ֮
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΢Ŀһ¡
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ǡӦһվֱ壬ȴĦԷеνе
Ϊ춴֮Ҳ֪һЩйԭʼħԭίˡԭʼħ츳Ұļ󣬵Ϊһ˽ͼȾָ˼磬Ƭ½췭ظķѣҾϼʱ֣ϧԪĽ֮¡
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ԭˡŴ˻һȻû뵽ԭʼħȻ
ҵϽ磬޷֣Ҫԭʼħý½֮˵ȻΣգǶ˵δһξ㿴ڰ˫Ǿڷǰͨ컯ƣԸԭʼħһرӿ˵⡣
һĿⲻֿһһ
ȣҪγħ½Σκ˶ԵģҪõ췣ؽٶҪͨҵ˵Ŀ鷽ɡƳ˽һۣһ˵
ǣˡԸܼλǰĿ顣˿סеǿ𺳣ƽĿ˵
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æڷתϺڹ
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ʶԪڹһһ˲ָ
ͺһܵʮɽâţȻΪɫ۳һ޴ɫ塣
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·ը죬ɫѣʯҲնĩ
ɫԴԴϵĴΧռܿ콫ʯѹȥնɫ֮ϡ
ͣ
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ֻ˿̺ȻվһεĻɫ֮ڣʮɽҸɢâ˴۳λ֡
λֻʮɽз쳣̣УȻâҲȹ
ڴ˿̣ͷһһöĿľ޴ɫ޽ֶ޾ƵĺȻն¡
һ֮ԶԶΧǧ
һ̣·֮䣬ֻʣһ
λ̸ֳ֣֮һơ
ĿһͺһħޱâţȻִʮϡ
βһ˦һɫӭ˽ɫ޽
¡һ춯صľ죡
ײ֮ƬɫϼⱬΧշ·ȻһΪΪ˽ɫһ㣬漴ѿ


1489 ̫
ɫϼ⼸ľ֮ʱɫ޽Ҳ֮أɵ˰գ޽ԱӰһֳӵӰ
˼վ塣
¶һ˿ɫով޽ײ֮ʱԷƺ˼ƾħ޵´˽Դ˽ԼԻܵСơ
귭нɫ޽ֻ˵֡
Ŀ⳯ΧɨһָۣһһѸޱȵļ
Ӧûü֮С
ɫ䣬ҪһʶΪһɫ鼮鼮֮ϺȻдš̫ĸɫ֡
̫̫㡭ɫһ䣬ɫĿӡ
֪ұ鷳ˣպлᣬǵýⱾ̫Сӵ
漴һΧĽɫʱɢ
ܺãܹס̫һˡӵһۣһΣصԭվ֮
лǰͷתޱĶŽӹһ
߿˽һۣһ˿漴ָֻԭ
ŷӣְɡ߶Ե̸޺˵
̸޺Ŀеħ֮ϣ¶һ˿Цҡҡͷʦ֣ӵһľԵܹ֮ӳޣ²ʲô鶼Ѳұ㲻óˡ
Ŀһ¶һ˿ɫȻֵˡ
ߵҲ¶һ˿ȣеħޣһʱû˵
ȻˣҳְɡԵǸͷڷӿ˵
䣬˶΢΢һΣ֮˵⣬˫һ꣬һ֣ɫâ
һΣֻǰһһɣǧɷԲĿռ֮Уռ֮Уֻʣ͹ͷڷˡ
СһҲó˸óзеһ֣ԶĿҲǻڴˡռڣκηʹãұһͶԻԷ̶ȡͷڷЦе˵
һδ룬Χ֮иֳһ㵭ĺ⣬ħޱ֣ƺܵǿѹƣԼҲܵӰ졣
ɫ΢䣬æתĻԷ֮жŻָ糣
Ȼˣ±һǰֶΡħ޺ɽ飬Ϸһ㵭⡣
ڻԷ٣ǿȣȴоԵš
ɼΣһҪ㣬ϷȻԻԷɾ½֮ʱһޡͷڷͻȻ¶һ˿ƻЦ⣬ѸǴգۼѳһʮɸ£ĺɫˣƤ渡ֳгɫת
ɫ䣬һɾ޴ѹ֮ӹͷɢǰ·վһͷľޣʹ̲סһ
޳ɾͨҪһѵĶ࣬ʶÿһ޵˶٣һɹȻͬʿеĶǿߣԴƵĻҲ⡣
ģҴ˿ֻһͶӰӲȫʵֻҪܹһ㲻ܣͨҵĿ顣ͷ󺺺ǺһЦ漴ҲԷʲôһ¥СȭӰѵǰ
ɫһ䣬ȫڹһѵ˰ɿ⣬ݱܷâ
ǣȭӰ·ƹ֮һӰУҾѵʮڡ
ΧռţһǿĻԷ֮ȭӰѹȶ
кȻΧĻԷ֮·ǽһ㼷ѹԶԷɽȭӰԼȻ޿ɱܣԷԷʹԶԶԼ
ĵһüĴڹһħӡȻֳ֣֮ɫħƣžһǽڱ죬ǴһƬĺɫħȼ
ͨӴϢռ䶼Ϊ֮һħͬħкڹţźɫȭӰһȭ
䣡һ졣
ȭ֮ǿΧĺѿҲ˵
һƺߣֻһȻ͸ֱ۴ֱдһž죬ڽѣͬߵķݰ˶ʮɿֱͣĴһԣ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
Էȭ쳣ǿԵԼƽһһȵĻ
ԼڤǾħ֮ǿ̶Զһͨһ֮Ҳˡ
һͨʿһȭ֮¿ܲҲҪˣԷʵǺš
ڵѪʱѷãֱһ֮Ϯûãֱ۱ˡ
ͷҲҡһ£վȣҲ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ǿϣȻһȭ˶Էǿҵķ֮Ҳֹ׷

ͷ¶һ˿֮ɫһ漴ȻһģȭһٵȭӰһ㣬޾ƣͷ
ɫһ䣬ԭһģȻΪĸһģһӰȭӰûпǰĸٶȥ
ͷĿ΢¶һ˿Ц⣬ĿгâתѸһӰٵȭӰһתǸӰȥ
ǵӰһ˲仯Ϊ壬Ӱۡһʧ١
ɫѿԷʶԶԼ֮ϣӰ󷨸ƭԷ
ۿٵɫȭӰȻƽת£˫һɴСĺɫֻɴСĺڻͬʱһɫڤ֮ȭӰӭȥ
˿̵Ϊ϶ԺڰԷʩչڤ򹦣ڻȻѾΪʵ壬ͬʱϸֳɫģǰֹ˰ٱ
ͷڻżȭӰȻײ
ڻɫģ쳣ͣǰһǽڣȭӰƴ˺ҧ
ͷӵȭӰֻ˼㱻Ȼ飬Ϊɢ
õһ˿϶˿˫ִ˿һ㵭ĺڹ⣬һɫĳУкڰԵķ֮档
ͺһֻ裬̶ƿһɫȭӰӭɫȭӰ
䣡䣡䣡
һľ죡
ںɫȭӰڰкȻײ׷ױѿ
һɫĹȦ˷ϯһӿľ͹ͷӸԵ˳ȥ
ۣһһѪɫеѿ
屻ڽѱ˺ѣҺѪɿ޸壬ͻָ˴롣
ãܹҲ۸㣬ֻҪܵҽһУͨ˿顣ͷӿϢƺѸٻָ˵ͷ˵
һ̣Ϻţĸ˳Ϻһ棬
޴˶͵𣬲ɿ£顱һ죬һɳĻ˫Ϊģ̸ڵķһǧ֮ࡣ
໣һ
ǧɳĻԷ׷ײۣգۼ仯Ϊһǧɳľͻ
ͷĿкһſһں⣬һŵڡ
ֻצҲ˳ǧɵɢصƣֱ˶


1490 ϫ
ֻһޱȵĻȫѪҺͬҪһ㣬вһȻ
ɢĻԷ֮ӿȣԶԶʤղŵιԻգһȼһеơ
ʱܹ߶ɽ飬ħ޻ǻ쾵ҪͷԵĹӦò£˿ȴʲô޷á
ռ䣬ʩչ֮޷
ͷת֮ʱжȴûͣ£˫һϹ̼۳ɴСĺͷСĺڻһХ֮
ְֳڹ⣬ڹŵںһ𣬻Ϊһܵصľ޴ƣɢһȦȦغɫΡ
֮дХ֮ӿֳһɫģһɳڰϢķ򲨶𵴿
յķ֮УΪǿȻǺڰˣҪͶԷĻԷ֮⣬ȻǴĪ
һƬĦ˻Ӻдмһ漴һֻɴСĺɫݴзɳ
˾ֻɫչɣգϳɫ𣬵ͷ­ȴס
֮УȮ˸ɭȻĺ⣬СϵһԺɫצͺʮɫһ㣬˲
˹˵ӣʵת˲ɡ
ָһ㣬ɫϸֳƬɫΣ˻һɫڤ֮ӭȥ
ͷȻЯһǿķ֮ݺײһһ޷ݵӴܴײɢΧշ˸ŤΧǴһϸܵĲѵ
źڶɫϼ׷ױѣһƴ˻ҧĺڹâı˷
͹ͷɫȻĸڱʩݣ󶷷
ɫݺͻԻƾУʱԾãɫݱ㽥ֳƣƾ˵ĻԱƵˣϸǱֻצץ˵ֲ˿ڣƹ֮˿ȼ
ͻȻԴһţźɫһȻһҧסݵĲӣͬʱֻצͬ㣬ץס˺ɫаצڡ
˻һɫݺȻ˺ΣӴлΪ̻Ʈɢ
ɫһףƺһƺ˰ˡ
һΣԶռԵȥƺҪܡ
ͷ˫Ŀ΢΢һУָһ⣬Ծ޴λһɴܶ׷϶ȥ
Էɶٶȼ죬תۼ׷ƵľβȻһ˦ĺ󱳺ݺݵɨ
ǿѹŹ˺Ȼ£ɫһ䣬ȻһۣԱ߶ȥ
ͬʱȫӿѸһķĺɫܡ
顱һ죬βݺݵĳڹ֮ϣһȼ˲ɢ̣βҲһ֮»һֻһ¡
ۣ
·ʯһ㱻˳ȥײڿռĻ֮ϣһѪ
׹һ˿ûͣ٣һڣ޴צٴγץȥ
Ȼˣȴ˿ңһ߷һֳһɫ
֮ϸֳһ鶯ɫˮ⣬һööɫֶ֮
һȻʧһ˲ưڰ֮һռϱڱϣצץ㡣
Կзһ˻һתͬʱ޴βȻһ˦ٴγݺݳȥ
׼죬һͺȣȻɢɫâΧγһɴСɫ
βغɫйâһзɿȻһӡ
ɫ֮Уɫâ׷ײƶϣסββҪϵʱ򣬺Աƫһ£˹ȥ
βȥƾˣɫâвһɾƲ£סݺһԵĿռϱ֮ϡ
¡һ졣
ɵĿռȻһѺڿռ֣ꡱһռȻɢ
Ӱһٴλص֮ǰɫԵӰҲ֮˴ա
û˺ռĽƸţͺһһħޣ˵ĳŻԷ˶ȥ
ڴ˿̣һ⼤˻ϡ
޴ɿСΪһŴĿ⡣
ĿһͣΣԶȥ
ͷ󺺵Ӱ֪ʱһ֣ɫŷأ塣
ΣܹӦöַ֮ýƣһرͨˡͷ˿ҲָԭӣϢѵȻ޴棬Це˵
һħޣ漴Թͷ󺺱ȭһ񣬿елǰá
ͷֺǺЦһһɻԭ
ۼأҲ¶һ˿ɫ
˿ֻߺһһֱĬŮӶûгˡ
ܺãԵķĸʵս鶼ܹͨǵĿ飬˴ˡˮʦã˿ֻʣҶˣ㿴˭ȳ֣һ䣬漴ĿһתһԵŮӡ
ȻˣҲطֱˣֲϫܹͨ˿顣ŮӵĿڣöȴֿ֮·𲻴˿̻֮
ƺû뵽Ůӻ飬¶ɫ漴ͷ˵ˮʦ鲻Ǳ˰ɡ
ɫһ䣬ԷˣһӦӲϾ֣Ҫ䡣
Ҳصģϫˮַ֮߶Ա仯΢ȴû̫ɱ֮ҹˮַ֮ЩֻҪõõҪҲǲܡۼɫ仯˵
Ŵԣɫһɡ
ȻڳԵ㲦Լ
ת׿˽һۣЦһ£տڲ
ˣԸܿ顣΢һԥ˵
ߺǺһЦһӣһɫâзͷһըѿΪĻɫϼ⣬档
ʱԲڣ׷׻˹ĻɫϼУ죬âϼ˳˸оʲô
ֻΧģһ£漴һת֮Ϯ
عѾһƬɵ磬һƬɫأΪƽ̹Զȥ߽硣
֮УɫΧȻ޴ɽ壬΢΢ģԼɽӴмơ
δϸ룬һˮ֮Ȼ
ΧȺɽ֮УȻֳһɫĳӣɽٴأеƾѶ
һʱ䣬ɽˮӵأΪ׳ۡ
֮жʱֳŨŨˮ֮ҲֳһƬƬɫơ
Ƭ֮ǰյŻֹͣ
ϫѾϣϷ͸һʱ䣬ǲ󣬱ǿʧܡһϵƮ˷Ǹߵ


1491 Ͽ
ʱʶѳΧɢȥͬʱâתΧ
ûм󣬶ȹ۲ϫľ跨ƽ⡣
ħͫתºΧյķ仯ĳֶ
ɫâɫˮ⽻֯һһۣһɢ仯һʱ֮˿ɡ
ԭվƬ̣һĳԶһȥ
һڰյĴӸʱˮӿһͷ۳һɴСˮצ˹
ɫ΢䣬ȻûܷκףˮȻ֡
һԱߺɣˮ˺ҧͬʱ̹һħޡ
һɫӰնˮȻѿΪˮ
ˮȻһ»˾ƺһͱѡ
֮ˮӿһ·ɳʮɴСˮͬʱ֮Уһ޴ɽȻ̩ɽѹ㣬ͷ¡
ɫ΢һħȻģһƬʮɫӰĳܣԼõˮ©
ʮˮյʯɽӰУѿ
һ϶û˿ͣħޣϸֳһ⣬˻ΪһֵӰһ뿪˴˴ʱ֮⡣
ԭվ֮ˮƺӦϢڰһƺڻɢȥ˳֮С
ȻǾ󷨣ɽܹԶ֪ڣȻ󷢶ֹĹԴԴֱ˾ƣߡĿϹ˸
ով֮ɫɫϼ·һӿƺ̽Ϣ֮Żָԭ
ҺʩչͼڣΣЩϼĸ֪治֪ǷᱻЩϼһֱ׷ȥ
һ޷ʩƽ󷨵Ѷ˲١
ĬĬվƬ̣һԶȥ˸ʧԶʡ
Ȼһʱ޷úÿ󷨵֮
һӺĳգݹһͣΣɫЩѿ
˿̵Ķ٣˳ʱ䣬ɳΧʼûз˿ı仯ɽƣܡ
ʵڲУֻܿˡĿһ
õ쾵ü࣬ħֻǵĹЩӵĲȻδ쾵̺ķ֮ȴִ˱֮п֮ЧƽӦϲС;
ҲˬĴӦοԭ
Ϲ˸ΧȥĿͣһյĳ
Ļϼط΢˼֡
һּħޣɢĿҫ۵⡣
ৡһһִӰͬһ޴ɫ޽һǸط
һ˾죬֮еĿռ쳣̣ħ֮ѿһĿռѷ졣
ĿһһҪѷ֮С
ڴ˿̣ѷ֮жȻӿɫϼ⣬һξ˻ռѷֺ̱
ûгԼռ䣬ĿϹոյһУΧķ仯Уһ˿
ǰ󷨵תԷ֮ˮԷ֮һͶַ൱򣬽ϸոΧı仯Ѿ˴תЩۼ
ϸ룬ոյĹѾ鷳
ˮûлûˮǻΪɫ˷
԰յĹûб䣬޴ɽźХƿ֮Ȼ¡
һΧ·޴Ӷ
üͷ΢壬ոץһŵڿɲ뱻š
дʣԻâ£ʮɽɿ측ֶΪһλɫ֣档
ЩûΧıɽĹֱһӣħ޻ΪһɫӰݺݺ˸ոƿյĵط
ֻһĴ̶죬Ǵٴαһռѷ죬ӿĻɫϼӵ
ڴ˿̣Ŀһһӣһ׹âзסǴռѷ졣
һɫžУǻ쾵
׹֣ѷ촦ӵĻâƺһ㣬ռѷҲ·𱻶һ㡣
ڴ˿̣Χɫ֮ϣеľ޷Ҳ˻֮ϡ
ֻʮɽûɵĻ֣Ϊǿֻ΢΢˼£ûѵļ
ҲûΧĹĿס˿ռѷ֮ħͫУռѷΧɫɫķģͣĳŻ쾵׹֮ȥһ׹ⷶΧͲˡ
һȻڿռѷһɫϡ
ӶһɫɫĹâмͬʱ쾵ɢİ׹ԽĿҫۣ׹֮ΧĻľʼȥ
һ˿ϲɫзһ䣬ħһֺݺڿռѷ촦һ¡
ϫ֮⣬ߵ˾վڴ֮ǰ
ǰĹ㳡֮һɴСĻƣɢƣɫĹâ
Ѿȥһʱƺޱ仯ѵСӱ棬޷ˡֳ־޸׳ǰû˿仯ţ˵
ᣬСһһ֮ϫӦûҪҲ¡۹ͷͷٺЦ
û˵ĿƳߺǸŮһۣ漴зɿƿ΢΢Щ˸
ʦܿлҪ˵߸оƺΪת׿˽ꡣ
ǺǣûʲôĿһĻﱻһ´ϡ
ڴʱǰ㳡֮ϵϺһĿ̹⣬һ֮
ߵɫһ䣬æ˹ȥ
ڴ˿̣һ촫ɫ֮һɫâ
ɫżҵķҪҪƶӡ
ܣֻһʱѡ̸׳ɫ󾪣Щš
Ŀ΢Ҳ¶һ˿ɫ漴ֻΪϲɫ
ɫľȻޱ飬ƺǰ˽⡣
Ů֮һ˿ɫ˲ָƽ·ǰ֮ºԼûٹϵӡ
¡¡һ죡
ɫȻѿ漴ʧӰ١
Ӱֶ˴֮ǰеħɢ⣬ɫЩȻһ˼ģ
һڵϣĿָ̻ƽħޣ¶֮ɫĶһ
ܺãֻһʱƽϫȻֶЩȡɣҲʵһ֡ʸ񵣴ˡߵĿ˵
༸˶û˵ȻҲıֱʾϿɡ
лǰԣæһ
Ѱַ޷췣ؽٶǴ˱ļ֮һָһâһǰһŻɫֽţֽ֮ƺдӬͷС֡


1492 
æֽĿһɨ֮£һ˿ɫ
̧ͷߵȼ˹˹֣ԹԵԭϥ£Ŀһſʼֽϵ
һҹ
ߵҲûдߴٵ˼ֻĿ⵭ȻĿ
պٴվ֮ʱͫϹһת¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
ߵ˼״Ĭÿ˵·
˹һһ߽˴վڽɫ֮ǰ
ĬĬһĵļ֮ȷ󣬿пʼдʣͬʱ̧֣֮һĺڹ⡣
Խ٣ڹ·һ㻺䶯漴ȻǰչһΪģཻĲƶ𣬻ΪɫĴڣһ֮£谭Ĵɫֱ߰˺ڰ˫֮ϡ
ڰ˫΢΢һ𣬷·˯꣬״α˻һ㣬һԽĽ
͡һ죡
ڰ׽˫֮ϼΧĽɫնѣһУΪɢ
췣ؽںɫǣ»˴ĿĺڰɫâԽƺҪһ㡣
˫ô״ν⣬̺Ŀֲʩסۼ˾Ȼһ
ɫһ䣬÷ɿ죬кɫĹ̴ţɫôִ˼֣ںڰ˫ֲ֮Ȧ
ɫĹâһȶɫȻһΣɫΧŽһƣƹĺɫâ˲
ڴʱ˵һĻˣ
һĿɫȻӳϼ䣬ֱϵ³ȥ
ꡱһʯשһ»飬ɫû˵صף֪˶
ӳϳĹ˺˴񷶥û˰֮УĻӳճһƬҫ۶Ŀİɫ
ֻһɷ·ܴصĽȻֻನҲ˲ȥеһסؽ١ĺڹȴקС
˳ʮɺſסΣһüٶͲţкɫâȻһȸոմִĺɫâٴμЩѵĴ͸ɫ˰ɫ췣֮ϡ
һַֻɿ𼸸Źֵķһŵû췣֮Уʹ佥ȶ˼֣û˰ɫĸţɫڻ˰ɫ֮Узϴİɫâ
ʱ󣬰ɫڻָԭ״ƽ
Σߡ̷޺͹ͷӶ΢΢˵ͷ¶˼Ц⣬ֻɫװŮһĿ⡣
ಡƿ֮ڰ˫һС
˫¶һ˿ϲɫϸ˫
ɫؽɢĺڹ⣬ƺܹһﶼɽȥһ㣬ʶеĺڰӦ
ĸӦЩϸĺɫֽ̺ĿֲܣƺֻҪԸ⣬κζһ롣
֮ȣ׿췣ԵЩİ˿̻΢΢ƺҪѶ
üͷ΢壬֪ΪĿǰڹҲԷûʲô޷ƿ췣
췣ؽԵ֮ԶԶħޣ쾵
ڴ˿̣кȻһ֮ȥֻĵϣ֪ʱһɫֶ
漴һӰӹ˳
߳󣬹֮ɢ
ΪߴϵĴ׳ĻƣϱһƬ֣ݣĿ⳯ڿ˹
ɫ΢䣬һоȫƺ֮˿һ㡣
ǰ֮ɢ͵Ϣ쳣ӴԶ֮ϡ
ĿǰУֻħܺʹȡ
ϣڴ˿̣ߵӭ˹ڰ֮ǰݵȥ
ĿһٴγһӼ˵ķӦӺȻ߿еľˡ
ˣضɡϻ֣˵
ߵվ˵һԡ
ĿһתĿһʱû˵
ԷڣҲûг
ǰ˵ķϵĻƣһϤ֮Уƺļһ㡣
Ժкĵһֳ½֯칬˵ķΣֻƣҷεķҲΪơ
Ͽ˫Ŀ׹ⶸȻţ׹׵ĶȻһĴ˫ۡ
ɫ䣬δ˿Ӧһϸİ׹Ѵʶ֮УԪСϡ
Դƺذ׺ݺݴһ£ʹޱȣƺһ˵ŵŵ˼ſվ塣
¶һ˿Ѫ˿תڤǾϺڹţһŻһ
ԪĲܹסƷһ̣ѹܹͨ˵Ŀˡа׹⻺ȥе˵
ԣŭԾϣȻûбֳ
ͬʱɫҲ΢ԭƷӦɡ
Ҵ˾ٲҪϷŪ㣬֪ħΪóıǹ֮꣬ʱȻҪֹƺ뷨˵
Ŵԣŭ˿žһ񣺡ϡ
½編֮ų⣬ͶӰҲ޷ڴ˽̫ãͳ˵ˡû񣬿˵
һû˵
ΪӦƿ췣ؽٶҪնɱħҲҪӵʵпܡϵЦ

Ŵԣɫһ䣬漴¶˿Цɫ
ħ£ŽҽͨҲûʱա
ҪﵽҪһַ֮͸֪Ҫˡ
Ȼû⣬ֻֻؾУ²öãǱʧ˵նɱħǱˡ
㲻õģҼȻҪ㵣նɱħΣȻ᲻һ㡣΢΢һЦ˵
ָԽ򡣡ɫһ䣬ոտʲôҲû˵ǰѵܹϤ벻ɣ
ҹ½ߴеֶԣжԷӽԲԷȴһ֪ȻƾԷԳƿ˫ҪӶߵܣҪͬʱԵķ֮ɡ˵ţ΢һĵһץ
Ϸɳһ͹ââ֮ܿɫģ֮
һ֣һģڡ
ɫ΢䣬һǿķӿľ֮У漴麣浤֮С
ڰ浤Ȼâţ·õ˼󣬵תҲһȦ
ɫеķģ˿ľԴԴӿʶ֮Уһ


1493 춴
ͬʱֻܾ˲ģ壬̶һƬ׹Ŀռ֮С
һĿһɨȴ˷һհİɫԲƾո֣һȴĿİɫâ˲Χת
Щ׹֮У̺İɫģͬСһ㣬ϵĴƤ룬ûڣճʶȥ
дһʹ쳣ĺУһ˺ѷεĴʹʶһţȫʹ˿ĸ£ʱᱻ˺ڻӡ
о˲׹һֶ֮С
·ڵÿһ˲䣬ͬǧ°ƾѰ
𶯣ؼʱ̣ܹն٣㿴컯ˡϵߴһݡ
ɫ£͵һʼ֮ȥͽЩʶеĲ֮͡
֪˶ãʶУ֮⣬һɫġ
ֻǸΣɢİ׹⣬ȣɺԲơ
ʱƣԽʼɢƵİ׹⡣
ֹͣ仯ʱȻĶҪǿ࣬Ѿ޽ӽԲ̶ȡ
Ҳ֮Ũ׹⣬һ೤֮ʶһӿ֮ԭʹޱȵĸ˲泩ޱȡ
һ˻漴͵˫ĿپΧİ׹ⲻ֪ʱɢ١
һİ׹㽥ɢ
ţ䵤֮Уڰɫ浤Ȼһתһһɷ˳˫ӿ
ˣ
е췣ؽ˫Ŀĺڰ׽â漴ಡһƣ
ʶеƺһ˿ˡϸֳŨĺڰɫâ
˼Ȧ֮һģ塣
麣֮йâһֳһһСΧźڰ浤ת췣ؽ˫
ܺãȻûʧѾõ췣ؽٶϿɣֻ֮ҪһЩʱܹƿˡϿ˵
лϡ¶һ˿ϲɫԾϹһ
Ŀ˾ϾͶ䣬Թ֮һéٿĸȥ֪õĿޡ
˿̣ķǿ˲٣ڷ֮رѾӽԲѾԶ
סڵԷҹඥã֮٣󣬱ؽΪ½ݡ⣬Ҫȫƿһ֮Ҫϸһʱ䣬ΪԼĲСϴ˿ϵİ׹˺ܶ࣬ƺǸոյľٶԪɣƺ⣬˵
ǡͷӦ
ڴ˿̣Χպķһƺʲôѿһ㡣
ܹҲֻЩ˴ռ췣ؽ˿ѾҪЩ뿪ɡǵûصֻؾ֮ĪҪ췣ؽٶñħǱ޷𵽳ʤЧˡϵ˵
æͷ
¶һ˿Ц΢΢һΪһƬ׹ɢ١
ߵҲŻΪɫâɢ١
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ΰĴѿһ޴϶Ƭݶ
ɫ΢䣬ΰεضһ˳ȥ
Χոֳһĺɫѷ죬ռֳ
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һӺ󣬿ռռĴͷ֮һڹԶֳӰ
˿̣ռѾ˴룬·ɽѾд뻯ΪޣޱȵҩҲѾռ籩˺ѡ
ۼ˾Щϧһ˴ͷ֮С
󷨹âһӰʱʧ١
ɵռ֮УȻֶһ޴ųڽ֮С
ӰһӰֶĿ⿴ɫţ¶һ˿ϲɫ
һ̣޴Ŵ򿪣һڰײΰİӰ֣һӰһ
Ǻǣұ֪ܹͨ顣ǺһЦ͸¶һֽѰ֮⡣
ͨҲԿǰ֮ǰָ㡣һЦ
ʹɣռҲѾûдڵıҪˡеһЦ
һ̣ΧĻɫռҲâĻ֮ϸֳһơ
ɫ΢䣬û뵽ﾹȻҲҪˡ
Ŀһת顣
˿ϸֳŨĻɫâ彥ģ壬ƺҪ˻ҹ֮С
ǰ㡭ɫһ䡣
ȻѾ٣ΪȻҲڣ˵ȴһֽѡ꣬һ֣һŻҹס塣
ǰһһ̳һɽ档
Ŀ⳯ΧɨһۣԺһʹȷŻֻؾУӦѾӷû쾵ĵط
˿̣ʶЧѹȥ֪Ǻԭ˿ֻܵؾӰ֮ǰС˺ֻܶ࣬Ǹеһ΢΢ķѣǰӰ΢ֹ
ĿһѵԼΪԵʣ췣ؽ˫ڵĹϵ
Ȼ֪ԭ򣬲ȴһĺ£ԲӰڴǱúò֮ھ׵
ڴ˿̣麣΢΢һݸֶ漴Ʈ˳
дһǡϸ΢죬ơ
һ̣һ죬ѣΪӨ㣬Ʈɢ˰ա
ǰһУиֳӵ
ݼǴ̤֮ʼһֱĶ˿ȫʧвЩꡣ
ڴ˿̣֮һ΢ֶƮƺϱҪɢ
ɫһ漴ʶķȡһƿַһƿ֮Уƿ
Щһɣʼ˼Щʲô
ողִټ䣬ûдиӦʲôϢԺϸ̽һ֪
룬ûʲôͷҪƿ
һ£ַȡһŷ棬ŷĵĽָֽС
漴һһڹ⳯Զɶݶȥ
һ̣ɫһ䣬ոսָֽƿ֪Ϊκҡһ£ŵķȼתʧ
ƿ֮ϸֳƣžડһѿ
ɫ˳ƺӦʲôں˽ȥʧ١
ͣüͷ壬ʶָֽһ̽飬ҵǹĶ
һ֣Ϲһһɫ壬Ǵոǹ
ǡɫһ䣬ɫԲǵ޲TԱ֮ʱµһƱԴ
޲TŵһҪ临
񼴱׵֮֮ͨ»ǺͷͻǷϽ磬ܹɴ°ɡ
ɫԲ˿̺ǰƺЩ仯һŰɫâ·һһ㣬
ɫһ䣬æʶ̽УƬ֮¶һ˿ɫ
Ȼ΢ȷʵɫ֮иӦһ˿ЩϤĻϢ


1494 Բ
ˣ¶ϲɫĺһ
Ȼײ޲Tƺһ˿ļ󣬲֣ϢȻ΢ȴԻһʮֻٶڱǿ
΢һûмɫԲսֽ䣬ǻַһɺŰס
ȻϷŨڹ⣬ڿն𣬻Ϊһɫ磬Զȥ
һ֮һƬ̲ıˮɽ֮ء
һɫݹԶͣ˰գֳӰ
ʱĿ֮дѪ֮ɫֻؾеһ޶ֻͫȴԼϹת
Ŀ⳯Χһĵ˵ͷ
˴ռ֮гŨһжתת£òҵһ涼Ŀռ䣬һչصĺõط
һڣΪ˷ֹħߣξֹģαװɺʧȥһ㣬ڸռ֮ߣһϤĹ۲Χ
˵Χ̾һЩ飬俴·һһˡ
һȺɽ֮УͣһƣΪεİɽǰ
ָɫܿɽڳһΪɽи˼䣬һαˡ
һʯסɽţ漴ڶ֮в˶ƣŷĵĽ붴һϥ
ĿһѪâȥĿжʱָƽ
˿ʶУԵķѾӽԲ
һչأһ߼췣ؽ鱦ͬʱȫԵķ
췣ؽٶ̺Եķ֮ԣֻҪʱգԲ֮¡
һˣ¶ּɫжʱ˾
һ˫ۣɢڹ⣬֮С
ʶУַɢâΧԪתɫϼ⽫֮м䡣
һߵͬʱԪ֮һӿ߹ɽȻͬķϢ
ַ֮ԪڻһţȻΪһůԪС֮С
ֻһᣬǰȻ׹һƬ·ƿһȳѾõĴţһֻȻڻͨĸоϮһһȫ֮С
ͬʱʶ֪ɢܵһϢǰδе
ͨʶΧһд˿̶ֳһֵֻϼ⣬ɫ죬нɫкɫкɫɫһ㣬ɫͷס
һеһУԼǰϤ
ָоͺñȣԼһ
۾¶һ˿˷֮ɫоĵԼַ֮ƺıԴ
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˿Ѿַ֮Ȼǳȴʹڷ֮ʶĸһΡ
ʶɢ⣬һһʶ׽ֻؾ޴ڵĵ⣬ǸǵĹ
˿ϸϸһ۲£ЩȻҲһصķַ֮κһ֣ǲڴ˽ķ֮
ȻֻؾнƵıԴƬ̣һ裬һööɫ켤Χ
һ㴿ڹĻչ档
ָһɫâ̺һööڰģɢ֮
ڹ˴ڹĻ֮УɫĻҲֳһſŵĺڰģȻ޴ڣ˿񱩵ĺ˿
ϥ֮Уһ˿һƵĺƸţʱþһ̹ͨޱȡ
а֮̾ãж֮ǰһֱ׽ˡ
ûֻؾƸţȫȫˡ
ϥãƬ֮һɺڰɫĹâ麣𣬽档
Ӱںڰ׹âб֣һ˿λɫʡ

ʼ֮ʱֻؾħʹУħ˿ϥ޴֮ǰѰֻؾе״
ʱЩ΢֮С
ЩһֱѰԴѰôЩʱգʼһ
ֻؾеһ˵Ŀռ֮Уħ긽֮ʬı˴ɱǨֹһпƶһû˿״
ʱ仺ţħʹþ޴Բֹ۲֮ãȴʼһη
ʱһһȥֻؾһͬǰһ㣬û˿䡣
ٶʱһμ
һգֻؾһռ֮еһ޴ɽ֮УһִޱȵĴ׹ֱʡ
ɽ֮ƲʱͬһɴΧƿͬвһ㣬ձȾ˴֮ɫ
ڴ˿̣ɽ֮һɫ޴
ڰɫı˴˽һ֮кڰɫâ˴˲תγһ޴̫ͼ
֮󣬳ĺڰ׹Żɢ
ɽȻĶ
еһУϥɢڰɫΰĹâһ˫ۡ
췢һХԲ
㳤ХһӣŻͣЪϵĺڰ׹âѾΪһһ⻷建ת
ʶ֮УΧԪСΧɫУɢƹâȻͬʱﵽԲ֮
ڰɫĹâţֳһһ޴࣬һӴ֮ϢɢΧӿȥ
µĽ󷨷·еСܿ㱻һ㾡١
ϰŴĿĺڰɫ⻷һŶ֮ɶݶȥ
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һ޶ã˿ƾվڰ֮УֲϽһӡϵĺڰ׹⻷·һת渡ֳССķģ˸
ɢϢԽƴøеԪһҷͷ֮У˷Ԫ˴۹ΪɫĹ㣬һһ
Щɫɫк̽ȵȣĻǺڰɫĹ㡣
ڰлۣγһƬСľ޴ɫţ̽ɫַ֣һڲϱ
ֲϢɢ
ʣС׷ڣɢϢǿĺڰ׷Ҳ֮Ǵ󣬴˿ѾǴ˱ԽҪΪʵ塣
еɫƣ˿Ѿ˷ԲǧĴСվϼնڱεһɶ
ǧһɽ֮ϣվһŰɫâӰ
ӰһѪɫ˫кâ˸Ȼһͷͨħ긽֮ˣ˿ԶԶ֮
ֻѾյڱסԶȥֻ߲ͷ׵һƬɢһֲϢͷͨħ긽Ҳľս
ɫӰＸۣȻһѪ嶯Ҫȥȴձһ˿ѹƣ˫һչԶɶݶȥԶԶ뿪


1495 ٣ϣ
۾һѪĺɫԶͷͨħ꾪ߵϢΪ֮ġ
ɢϢѾǿͨʿҲηĳ̶ˡ
һһ߷˿ѻΪʵ㣬ƺڰϼ⣬һ㣬վ
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¡һ죡
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ÿһɫж̺˽Է֮ĲϷС
ڿʼ𡭡
˫ĿһУû¶ʲôηɫϺڰɫâȻǴ
ء֮УƬڰɫϼֶͷһ֯գۼ۳ڰɫĻ֡
ڰɫĹһǿҵ֮
ոЩ¡¡ľеɫѾһĻ֮ϣ˺
ʱ˿ֻ̣ؾħʳУħվھ޴Բַ֮ǰ
Բַϸֳһ޴ĻĸֳɽٵΡ
צ֮βʱ䣬зֻ׵ףƺвС򣬵ϡ֮ħŹĻеΣ¶һ˿ϲɫ漴һ
ħֻԵʣЩʴ󶼼ߣͬʱֻϷ֮ĴڣֻؾвɵԵʣͬʱַ֮ԲҲǲܣֻǸʺСˡ
ͬʱǧ֮Уž֮ԸַʽӻֻؾĽ֮Щܹģеٮٮߣʶвܱûȫʧȥǣ֮ͬǰͷצһ㡣
ʶʱı֣ûħе̫졣
ϾЩոս飬˲֪ԭʼħԣǲֵһġ
Էķ֮Խ࣬ɺõĺôԽּɵġ
ΣֻҪɼˣұܹȼձԴ֮ǿнʱշԲʱħɣϽ磬ЩһҲ޷κˡħٺЦһĿעŹĻУɽٵΡ
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һݣַȴ˿ͣһɿſһ⣬һųââӭ籩ǣΪһɫĸֶ
֮ϸֳһȦȦĳɫģɢȵķ֮
һӣɫ켤³Ƭɫϼ⣬۳ɳһɫĻͷ
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ڻԷҲѾʵս
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ӵҲĲѰǴ׺֮ɣԵֵˡ
סе˷ܣ۲
˿̵ЩŤΣ˫֮УԴԴϵעջĻ֮С
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а̾һԼڻԷǲ㣬ȥ֧Ųס
ͷһתһһֱվĺڰ׷࿪ʼ˫ַ׷ճȭ״
ţһɫϼĸ޴ȭͷ֮ϡ
ڰ߷ȭͷ֮ϣ̸ֳһɫȭףɢâ
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ȭӰ֮µĽɫз׷ѿһѹĻĻܿȶ
нٳʱȻֹ
һִһ⣬еĻĻɢ»Ϊ˳ɫ죬ȥ
֮ϴ˿Ѿǧٿףòδ䵽УķһȻѿΪ£ڰ;١
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ĺڰ׷˿˫֮Ҳ˺ۣȻܴᡣ
һӣзɳڰ׹â߷֮Уֱ۵ƻָ
΢΢һ֮׽ٻҪ
üͷ壬ȻԤϵ󣬲˿ǷЩСˡ
٣֮ǰĽɫĴ٣ƺ˺ܶ࣬ѵΪķ̫֮ӵԵʣ
δһеĽɫƱɫɫ
һɫиֳ渡ֳĿ̹⣬˿ѷڸոյĽ⣬һŨľϢ̹֮ɢ
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һ¡¡죬̹м£һΪһʮɣִɫľ
Щľɢ⣬Ħײ֮һɫ缲㳯¡
ɫ΢䣬ЩɫȻ֮еľף
ͺһһһɫޣħޡ
ͬʱϸֳһ⣬̺ľԷ֮͸ֱۣԴԴħ֮С
ħȻ̹ţ渡ֳһȦȦµķģһּͷ
дʣֽħȻɢĿ⣬һģ󣬻ûһݺύɫӰݺ˴˽֯һ
תۼ䣬Ϊһž޴ɫ
ڴ˿̣еɫľѾ˾֮ϣѿ»ΪɫâħľҲ
ĿһִɫһȻת


1496 ٣£
ɫתһ޴̣ݺύ׽׹ľľľи÷飬Ϊɫɢڰա
ɫľܼٶԽԽ죬޷ɫ
ɫ⣬ϯȥ

Ȼһ֮ħʹ֮Уԭʼħɫ΢䣬Щ˵
漴ɫָƽ
ħȻһ֮ƷʲǺܺã֮Ҳڵ׵Ĵڡ
д˱ӳ֣˶ȹӦûʲôˡħһϸֳһڹ⣬ػΪһźƣŴ֮⼤ȥ

ʱţµɫľԽ׳һɫľź˵׹¡
ͬʱһΪ׳ĿľײھľУԲﶼӳճһƬɫ
ħޱϾ֮˿̶ľԵķ֮ҲΪʩչַҲԽ
ԴԴϵķע£еɫ纣еĽʯȻȹɽ
ʱ֮һӣɫһɫľе̹ڻɢеɫҲʱֹͣ˷
ִһɫȻ壬ǧӰȻ϶Ϊһ»ΪħޣɻС
Ŀ΢ĻһȦȴд߶ħͫȻ֣ھ˵زԶһСɽϿգֳһӰ
ɫһǺӰϢԭʼħɡ
Ȼ֪ԼĶСħû뵽ô㵽˸
չħӦò׳ɹ֮ǰ֣Ҳ˵׼
İ麣֮У췣ؽٶ
ħ˿̶֣ԼҲԸԴУ˵Ҳֻƴһսˡ
еĽƺ¡¡һӿ̹ȥΪ˾Өɫ
βˮ֮ɫд·̲һƬ׳ĺһ㡣
ž޴ĻˮĴ֮һһˮڶ·
⣬ˮ֮мһſĥ̴Сɫˮÿˮⶼһһɫ⣬Լ֮
ˮףĿЩɫ֮ϣйâ΢˵һ
ɫâһʮɽ鸡ֶ
ִʮɽȻһΪʮڻɫľ޴ɢɫâͺɫˮ⡣
ȥָһ㣬ʮͷ˻һ׷ҡͷβĳŰеˮ˶ȥ
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ȻѪ죬ԵΪңֵٵжȴǵΪЧ
ħƬ̣׹һ
Σȴһ̳֣նɱɣº󻼡

ҹʱת۶
ڰգħһĻΪһ޴ӰһͷʮɴСɫ˺ѣΪ
ħӰһ·޴Ӱһ㣬
֮Уɫľ޴ƻƮɢ
ۼ˾һ¶ϲɫ
ǲһ꣬յĽһμ֮
ɫһ䣬дѾΪνһγ֡
ԶħƱ仯ɫҲΪ֮һ
޴ɫƺı˺ڰײΰ룬ҷ漴Ȼһ֣¶һ󶴡
һڰɫĵڴиֶҷɿǴ󣬱˴˲ƣ·һ硣
ɫ䣬׷˽Ҳûֺڰɫ׵֮
ڰɫĵ绡˴˲ƣķɿɢһɼԻصĿֲϢ
дݣȻһ֣һöɫԲмͷǬ׻
һſһžѪһָ
ѪһΪʮѪɫģһǬ׻С
Ǭ׻ɿתȻһƬɫ⣬ǴʮһȻƵϢɢɫâ۳һܣͷ
ͬʱһּ֣ʮɽ顣
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һͳдʮɽȻΪһƬĿâΧɿת
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ոЩͻ
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1497 
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ڰɫ׵Ǭ׻ɫ֮ϣΪһźڰײΰ׵ţž֮ʹɫһ
ڴʱ·Ǭ׻͵صתɫ֮תеһףΪһɫС
һϸɫ׵߰㣬˳źڰɫ׵ƶϣɿڰ׹⡣
ۼ˾΢΢һɡ
ڰ׵֮Ȼδţ̺󣬵Ǭ׻ȻܹƣǱðˡ
һ̣յĽƹӿ׹һһִڰ׵⼤Ȼ͵һ׹⿴޼ٶȴǴﵽ˷˼ĳ̶ȣֻһɫ֮ϣʹԭЩĺڰɫ׵Ȼһ
ɫȻһƺ޷ͬʱǿ׵֮Щ֧·Ǭ׻Ҳһ
һȻδ룬һҺ
ڰ׹⼸û˿Ъӽ֮м£˲ɫ֮ϡ
ÿһڰɫ׵磬˺أο
ɫҲ֧Ųסɫ׹һɢ
ڰɫ׹ľ޴׵Ʋĺݺݺ¡
׵֮УȵİɫâĺɫâҴܣδһȵĹ취֮Ѿϣʹֱâۿһ̱Ҫ֧
ɫ䣬ҲһħޣƬɫӰȥ
ͬʱ߷ڰɫâţĵͷ
һ춯صľ죡
ڰɫȻѿһɺڰɫ׵籩ϯԲһϤû档
ںڰ׹⽫ûʱԼһͰ׹⸡ֶǰ
һ̣屻ڰɫ׹⳹棬˿Ӱˡ
Զ֮Уԭʼħžɫڱ˱䣬Լһ˿˼֮ɫĿĿһƬĿĺڰɫ׵籩
еĽڰɫ׹ͣЪڷлɢ
Ƭ֮󣬸ǰĺڰɫ׹ڻɢȥ
׹֮ԭԴӵɽˮͬƾһ㣬ѵȻ޴棬ͬһ޿ӣӶȴĹ⻬
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ʱ
˿̿Ϊңϵĺڰ׻âѾΪѪϵķҲѾƲ¶ƬڵĺۼƤѾ˺ѿ
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Ϸߺڰ׷ңȥϰʱ֧Ųס׷׻Ϊڰɫڡ
ħ޺Ǭ׻ҲѾΪԭĴС߹â΢ȻҲʧһЩ
֣һɫžӣһţǻ쾵
ڰɫ׽ٵԶԶԤϣ鼱֮£ǵļ쾵һû뵽ԼȻĶˡ
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еĽƷһװڳɢ١
ڴ˿̣ˮĺڰɫϼ˷л۹γһƬʮɴСİӰ档
Ӱ֮ðڰɫϸ˿Щڰɫϸ˿ɢһֹŹֵ档
תۼ䣬㻯Ϊһ޴Ĺ룬ڰӰ֮С
·һ㲻ͣǴͬʱ˷ԴԴϵаɫϼӿ׷û˹֮С
Ĺһʱʱ䣬޴ֹͣ˹ĶŶ˺ѿһϸ϶
һɵй¶쳣죬һִ⣬û˿ʵĸо
һְд
뷢һ죬漴ָһƣΧԽ·ڴ˴ޣһ㡣
¡һ죬ȻѿһӰֶ
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վƺΪһ塣
ȭԼ΢΢һɨ¶һ˿ϲ
ոڹ֮еƬ̹̥ͬǰ㣬һΣ˿̲֮࣬ǿҲ֮ǰǿ˲֪١
ڵͶ֮䣬һֺ춯صơ
̧ͷ죬ϵϲɫȥȡ֮һ˿㯡
صĸӦѾǰ췭ظı仯
شзвƮ죬һжмѭÿƿأֻҪԸ⣬ɽҲǾ֮͡
оʱͷһܿȻһһֻɴСĺɫħצֶɢһƿһеĺڹ⣬Ȼץ¡
ʱһɽϢĿ¸о˲ɫȻһ䣬ȴû˿η֮ɫͺһֻһơ
Ϻڹţ۳һֻСĺɫӭȥͰץµħצȻײ
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۳ɵĺɫһķѣǺɫħצҲͣһ˲
û㣬һӵԶ
ףһ𣬲֪Ӻδ漴һʮɳڹ⸡̶ֶХ֮ɱ
ڹ֮ƺɫֽɢ콣⣬˿ս֮¡
¶һ˿Цһħ޸ֶ
ɫӰһסڹ⣬һʡ
ڹⷢһȻһ漴㱻飬ϳء
̽Ȱ»˰ɣĪΪƾЩܹɱҲɣĿ⳯һȥе˵
ķһһߴӰֶ
һͷ޷Զһɫǣ¶İ˿Ҳޡ
ֻؾĵߣԭʼħ
˿Ĺ´
ͬʱһֻ֣ɫħצ˻ȥʧͷ֮С
ɫ΢䣬տһۣĿ漴ֻصԭʼħϡ
ȻûܵӰ졭ͬʱַ֮Բɲܰ쵽ġ˵ɣģϾʲôܣħĬƬ̺󣬿˵
ĿģһεϢ·ˮһ㣬ȥƺҪеܿ
޿ɷ档һݣȴɫδ䣬˵
˵䣬ڷתϷһˮһĺڹ⣬ֵסħĿϮ
һ˿ħǰǰָ߲֮ˡ
Ҳ޷ֻҪԪڳȻˡħۼֵס̽飬Ŀһ漴Цһ


1498 ħ֮
ԭʼħ˵ţ̧ĺڹһƾնһĺɫ󸫡
ɫ͹׾ͨڣϳͬѪ۰ɺɫ⣬ͼиֳһɭĺڹ⣬·ܽһй߶һ㡣
ɫһ䣬ǺɫɢϢȻҲһܻ֮ħ֮ϵӡ
ħֳִ󸫣һȥ
˵һ
ڸӰһһɳĺɫƥ֮շ·ֽһ㱻׻¶һ泤ĺɫѺۡ
һնħƲδʲô֮һȻ
жȴ˿һΣħֶӭһǻΪ֮ޣһɫĸ֣ųһȦȦɫâХӭ˺ɫƥ
һ죡
ɫƥϵ˿ħҲһɾɳȥɾմݵϣ̲סſסΡ
һͷת
һ򵥵Ľ֣ȴѾܹԭʼħķԶĶࡣ
ħȡɫ֮Էп϶ղ֮Ѱս֮¼췣ؽٶҲ޷ʤġ
δӦ֮ʱԭʼħһֳֻͷһ㣬ָ֮ͬʱһ⣬һû֮С
֮д¡¡죬漴Ҳ޴Ŀռиֶ
䡱һ죬ռбƬĿ⣬ɴСľ޴ɫĹֶ
·̫һ㣬ɢΪֲȸ£δ˵ϣ˷Ҫڻһ㣬һڸ
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һź󷽵ȥ
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ϵĺڹ⾡ɢȡ֮Ũµİ׹⡣
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ħĿ⿴еİɫžɫһ䣬һӣָ֮ٴμһĿâûֺ֮С
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ǱԻϿȣɱҫ߻쾵ıˡϹȻܲ٣ļԽȤˡԭʼħһЦкɫһ
ɫ󸫱渡ֳһɫģ΢΢һѿ֮һɫֱ߿գһûյƲʧ١
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ɿ⣬ҲޱȵĸӦ޸Ŀֲܣеħ޷ͳƺԺɫЩη塣
֮Ҳֳŵȣеľ鱦Ȼֻ̺֮һЩǳªľԷֻ͵ȵ֮ѡ֮ǰúüʶһ°ɡħһЦסȻһӡ
ɫ󸫻ΪһӰһʮɵ״ڹһ
ڹɢһɿֲķ򲨶ٶ֮죬˲Ƶĵزֻһ㵽ǰ
һɭȻ溮֮ڹӿѪҺһֱ˲䶳סĸо
дݣ˿ҪȴѾˡ
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ǣ
죬ɫ¹նɫǽɫҲ˲١
ͺһħȻâţųȸոջҪĹâӭ˺ɫС
һ죬ħȻǿٴλ˺ɫУҲֳƣԴʧ
ʮվȣѪɫһû
ڴ˿̣΢΢һħӰȰԶкɫһԪһȻһڹ⼤ն¡
ɫһ㵽ͷؾ죬ն¡
Ȼףɫ䣬˿̶߾뼫ղ÷ֵҲ
ϸոڰɫâɫѾն˺ڰ׹â֮У漴ѿΪһŴĿڹ⣬˷ԲʮɷΧ
ΧվҲ·ˮ淺
ڴ˿̣һڰӰڹмԶֳӰ
˿̱󳤳һһֻʣΪ
ȴΪǱЩҡ
һƬҰףյģѪ죬һֱѾӰ
Ŀ⿴Զħ¶һ˿ɫ
ħʵԶԤ֮ϣԭΪȻܵеùħ΢»ġ
Ͼõٵط˫ղסʱҲͽ͡
̫ˡ


1499 һ
ת䣬˿ڴԼаâ
ڰâ֮УѪ˿ѿۿɼٶȳתۼ䣬аֱˡ
ԭʼħƳһۣȻɫûʲô仯ȴһ˿⡣
ո䲻⣬շһȻΪ˲һ»飬ûʩչȫԤƣӦҲܹǡֵĽһնΣҪ˶ԷҲܳɥʧ֮ǣȴû뵽ȻĹ
ߣԭʼħһкɫٴθֳһ㾧Өڹ⣬һַһߡ
һ̣ɫֶͨڹⲨһѸͷΪһĺɫ˿һɷ֮ϯ̶ƿȥ
Щɫ˿͸ոͨ쾵ʩչİɫ˿Ϊơ
Щ˿۹âɢķ򲨶ԶԶڸոյЩɫ˿֮ϡ
ɫһ䣬ڰɫ΢΢һȣػΪһģĹӰʧԭء
һ̣ڰȰ㸡ֶ֮죬ħոյĴˡ
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΢΢һڰ׹Щвһͨǰ޼׾Ӱ󷨵ȶַ֮Խ֮УٶȻӰƻá
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еĺɫ˿Ȼת˷򣬡֮͡ƹ֮һ㳯ȥ
ͬʱԭʼħһֻһָһڹȥû˰յƲ֮УӰ
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æһ߷һٴʧһ˲һڰһط
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һݣϺڰ׹âʢٴʧоյĶ˺˿Ĳơ
ڴʱɫ˿ȴͬ۾һ㣬һ·ѳ˼֣ٶȶȻӿһϣһֶ¡
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޴ӰէһѰû𣬲ϸ֮£ܲ䲢ʲôһ߾޴ޱȵĿܡ
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ܾڰ;ͻȻͣ漴ڹȻŲ֮ѿƬĿڹ˷ϯ·ﷶΧ档
Ȼ죬˿Ҳһ±ƬڹС
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ڴ˿̣ɫ˿֮У塰ۡһʹɢΪ˹һŽķƮƵ¡
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ո鼱֮¼ĻƽʿЩΪӦԭʼħ¼ģȻϢģķѵķҲǼΪš
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Ѫ»ָ˶ϱۣҲǲС֮£˿ڵķѾһ롣
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ɫ˿׷׵أڰзɿ컯Ϊһɫ󸫣ܻƷ
ͬʱһֻһתȻһĹӳѡ
ѽгĳֹŹֵİɫ·һһģ
ɫһ䣬Ȼһξ룬ܸܵǺɫɢϢٲȻҲһ֮Ʒ׾ںɫ֮µӡ
ħһ쳤ʮΪһȦȦ̹⣬Χ
һּ˻쾵һת£ųһɫȦ档
ħľٶϱ˿δ䣬ɫ̧𣬷ߡ
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ɫ֮շˡ죬ֳһƬɫ
ɫһ䣬ΧĹĻȻֵܹȴ޷
δϸ룬͸˫֮Уʶл쿪
ǰɫʱģдһ֮УҲһƺҪʹ˯ȥ
ǧһ֪֮һ͵ҧһ⣬ʹʹǶʱ΢ָ˼ֱ֣ӶϷɳʮ죬Χſһơ
ԭʼħһ˿ɫ촽⶯ڼ࣬ĵɫѾɢΧɷΧħΧȾһƬɫȻҲѾɫ֮С
˿ȴǽ֣ΪȻöݵѹſ˸ƣ˿޷ħĵݡ
ӦҲĳַ֮½ַ֮һѵҲϽķ򣡡Խȴɸֳͷ
֮ôֵܵס
Ҫ֪һַ֮ʮϤκһҲ׽ס


1500 
ԭʼħۼ˿̵飬¶һ˿ɫ
ȴû˿ͣµ˼෴ӿ
еɫĵĹӿԲڣ·ΪһϹڵλ硣
˫ӳճɫ⣬ԽԽ࣬ԽԽŨ𽥽ڱ
һӺѾɫâǣô쳣˫´˴ľһ㣬һվԭء
ԭʼħۼ˾¶Ц⣬ͣ˵ӳѷ¡
֧Իţѣһ̺ɷ֮
ɷʱ䡢ռ䷨һϽλʿ֮ܣȻѵƣض޾þ֮С
ԭʼħ΢΢˿ȻʵΪԶ֮ϣҲпԡ
ĵֻؾΪֻĹƵأʵһı֡
̻£ڷ֮ĸѾԶԶһķ룬볬Ҳֻһ֮ңˡ
һͻƣɺ޹˼ɵգϽ磬ʱ򣬼ϽǼ϶Ҳκá
ֻֻؾУвٹ˼ɣһùǿᱻ½ķ֮ų⣬ǿзξء
һôļƻܻṦһ
⣬ĺʵҲǲòˣϾҪնɱֲ˺꣬ҲһСĸ
ԭʼħһ֣Χյɫֹͣ˷ӿһ𣬻Ϊ˳ɫ֣ס壬ǰ
ڡ
ԭʼħ˷֮ɫһţַһڹ⣬ն
ڴ˿̣ͻ
ȻһϹһҡҷɲǼ˴룬¶һ˿
ಡһһ̹мħޡ
һħһӳնĺڹ⣬Ȼ쳤·һɫߣԭʼħȥ
ʲôħɫһû뵽Ȼת˲ѻþ
ɫȣ϶ȴ˿ǰĺɫ󸫺ڹȻţһ󣬾Ϊһͷͷۣڵħ
ɫħȻһץסħޣ·ס˴ߴ磬ħ޾ҷ˿޷ѳȥ
ʱϺڰɫâţ˫еɫԻùâѾʧ٣Ȼת׵ĿԭʼħĿ䡣
ԭʼħ֪Ϊһһ㣬ź浹ͬʱָǰȻһ㡣
ɫֹâһƵĸͬʱħһһĿмնȥ
֮кȻһӯӯĳ·һһ㣬ͷ
һͨ쳹صĺɢԲɿռƮɫȻһ֮
һʯ쾪㣬ȴ˿ûб֮ˣҪ
ԭʼħڸɱ
ϾԣȻǸɶ󣬿ʡȴ䲻ʱ䣬һһεľ˾ٶ¶˾ġ
ԭʼħɱ⣬ɫ˿䣬Ϻڹľɢϵֻʣ˴Ŀ׹⡣
׹֮У쾵Ӱһ
һ̣׹ȻһӰڹâ֮ɢ١
ԣ㡭ħɫһ䣬Щŵľڡ
δ䣬һӰֶ
˿̣Ѿ˾޴仯ϵĲǰɫâһۺŽɫĴĿâ
ɫâɢӿȵϢԶԶѹ
ͬʱ˫Ŀ֮Ҳֳ˵ɫâһɫȻм
˽֮£ݲöԷһģ֮£ħϡ
ɫâȻţһΪһεɫӡԭʼħ档
ɫӡУֳߵ˵ģӰ
ΧһȦԭʼħΧм䡣
ˣԭЩһߣΪƾһЩлӰ֮ס𣿡ԭʼħһߵ˵Ӱȵ
ԭʼħϹâȻţҪƷ
ɫӡȻħĳ֮˸ԵЩҡҡ׹ǽԭʼħ档
Ǽֲ˶ã֣һâԴԴϵעɫӡ֮УȻת׶ȵ
߷ԸѾħ˶ȥһڰɫϼһһһһâֱڷɳ޷Ȼ
ڹ֮Уһͨڣɫ״һĹŹֳ׹֮Уһͨ׾Өİɫ
췣ؽ٣
ɾ嫵ķֱ֮Ӻڰ׹âϯ߷·ɾ˰ڰкݺײһ
͵Ϊ֮һΣ
Ƭ类ֱӸѿһ룬ȻΪ˺ڰ׶ɫ
췣ؽ˫˿ڰһ裬һȦȦκ˰ĺڰײ˫ΪĿ֮պѣڰɫҲͬһ㣬ת
˿̣֪ʱһһɸߵķࡣ
˫ַ͵һߣ߷һХڣ漴һģ֮£ȻΪƬڰɫԴԴûе췣ؽ˫֮У
ӿ룬˫תٶԽԽ죬ڰɫҲ֮ΪһӴޱȵĺڰװԣת֮£һڰɫľ޴Уڰɫķ
ٵط˫ͬдľһûУʱһ
ڰɫһ˺ѿһϢط֮Ҳһ
һϵжƸӣʵҲһʱ䡣
ڰһֳһһɾ޽ֶǰ
˿ޱ飬ɫȴ԰֮Ѿ͸Կ沿
ڵķԴԴϵıڰߣԭ㲻һķ̼Ѿס
ˣ·޵׶һ㣬ȻھҲһԴԴߡ
иֳһ˿Ȼõ˫Ѿ꣬Ϊ±ħ˿̻ǵһζá
˫Ȼаˣ
ͷת漴㽫Щ뷨Ժû˿ԥֳŷӡеħȻһӡ
ڰ׾޽ˡһ漴һһƥһģɫӡϿգȻ棬ն¡
ɫӡ֮УħնµĺڰƥϺȻ¶һ˿η֮ɫת˲ָ侲
ɫһдʣͷһѿһ϶һĥ̴Сĺɫ۸ֶɢĵĺ⣬ޱȣ·ڤڤ֮йͫһ㡣
һɼаϢӺɫ۾ɢ
ߵһǺɫۣ¶һ˿֮ɫ
һѪɫâмΧɫӡ֮ϡ
ޱȵɫӡꡱһױѪⶴһ󶴡
ɫӡϸֳһƣһϢ򣬱Ȼѿ
޴ĳɢӰ˳ȥ
ѪⶴɫӡƲ˥˺ڰ˫Ľ֮
ǡ¡¡һ춯صľ죡
ڰ˫Ȼ𣬾ȻǵѪ˳ȥѪҲɢ
ײ֮ռ·һڽѿһɾ޴Ŀռ䲨Ȼ˷ɢ


1501 һָ
ξһѹ֮£𣬽˲ѡ
ڰסκԲſһѪǾ֮ɫ
ڰ˫̺ķ֮ǿ֪ģȴϵᱻѪɫһˣѪɫ򾿾ʲô
ͷҪȥڰ׾޽˿麣֮ѾտҲû˿
ɫһʱֳѪɫ棬ȼ
ԭɿݵľ֮УѪΪһɹɾٴԭ԰ֽӾӿһ˿ĺɫԵģڵľԪȴԾ˵ٶȷɿš
ѪǱؼѧѪ󷨣ȼѪڻָԲзвᵼֱӱ
ڴͷ֮ʣҲ˲ˡ
ɫѸٻָ˼ֽ֣͵һ䡣
ɶĺڰ׾޽âһͣڰյһתɢϢ֮ǰΪٴλΪһһ磬ԭʼħڼȥ
ԭʼħ˿ɫҲǺܺÿӽ۷ΪƺѪɫҲǺķѲСԪӡ
ۼڰ޽ٴƺƴļٴſһžѪ˫ʮָһְ仯ѪȻΪһѪɫãһŵ뵽ͷѪɫ֮С
ѪɫȻһƺһ㣬Ȼӭĺڰ׽âͫ״ѪʢƺҪ
ڴ˿̣ѪɫϿзһƬɫϼƾոֶһӿһֻɫֺ׵Ĵи֣һģ֮£Ѹ֮һץסѪɫ
ԭʼħɫһ䣬ת׿һԡ
ֻԶ˵Ӱ֪ʱɫصվһվһ󷨣ɢɫâͷһһӵģֻɫ֡
ɫץסѪɫ󣬸ɫĿӿΪɫĽͬеѪɫһûС
һɢɫʧȡ֮һ޴ˮԲ̣һĻɫϼתѪɫ档
Ѫɫ·𱻶ˮԲһ㣬һɢѪҲһ㡣
ԭʼħȻŭۼһһɽâȻӿҲ˲ȥѪɫһſڣһڱ鲼ƵСӡ
ӭһǺСӻΪСͷһ֮£дһ֮ͬʱһȦȦɫĸֶһ֯ƺ̻û˰ɸߴɫӰԭʼħȫС
ڰ޽âţڰ׽⽻֯һһĻΪһźڰɫΰľ޴ӰһϢķ򲨶ɢԲʮ档
ԭʼħҲɷ֮棬ΧһһʱȻ޷ֺɫʱ䡣
ɷ֮ƿ֮£Ŀռƺһ㣬Ҳ޷
һ̣Ӱһģ֮£Ϊһ޴ޱȵָƤָޱȣ·̺С
ָһ֣Ͳ˿̻֮ңң·ԭʼħһ
Ϣ
ָԭʼħ֮ȴһŤ
ͬʱһ˻սϢӾָɢ·زһָǰݽһ㣬΢
״һ˿Īĸɫ
϶Ȼ㣡㴦Ļô꣬޷ҪҳȥοҪʧˣһգһὫȥЩһһʺ壡
ԭʼħƺ֪޷⣬ȴЦ˵һЩͷԵĻ
䣬ָ̩ɽѹ֮ԭʼħϣ
ԭʼħϵɫӰŤ֮ͷžָȥһ飬Ҳ˼º󣬡顱һƾɢ
Ѫէ֣
ȻԭʼħΪԽַ֮һָ֮£ͷ­˲䱬ѿ̶˲䱻ѹһƬࡣ
ָһ󣬱ϢĻΪڰɫɢٴ¶һһ޽ɿ컯ΪԭС
ӰһӰںڰ˫ԣӦħʬȷʵѾϢɫһɡ
ִһ췣ؽһķڡ
ȼյѪɫɢ¶塣
˿̿ȥԵЩ£ԭһȦ弡Ҳɱȥüͷˡ
ͻȻһҡΣҪȥ
ڴ˿̣һɫϼ⼤ס壬һΪһɫȦ档
ȴߵӰ˹̹ǴǸ̷޺з
˴˿̿Ѿӽ͸΢΢ζƺϱҪʧһ㡣
̹ס壬ŹâڣµָܿһЩɫÿһЩ
ɫâܿɢһת׿ߵˣйâ˸
һֱ֪˵ͶӰ֪ʱȻڡ
ѣйԭʼħ֮ǣشԵؾ֮УҵʩչһƻӡǱڣ֮ǰδ֪㣬㲻Ҫ֡߿˵
ף˴λǰҿ±ҪڴˡйâһԼ˹һ
֮ǰħţý֮Уڵ˳֣´˿Ѿħնͷ­˾ˡ
û˵ʲôĿһת˰ǸɫԲ̷ӡѪɫ
ԭʼħ䣬ѪɫĺҲɢ
¶һ˿ɫдʣַһɻϼסɫɫԲ̣ǰ
˿ѪɫҲε¶ּ
λǰѪɫ򾿾Ǻƺ󣬾Ȼܿ췣ؽٶ龡۵ףĳʵ
漰ϽڻǲҪ֪Ϊáйâһŵ˵
üһжʱתͷȴûʲô
ɫԲ̻СΪ˰ƴС֮
ڴ˿̣˵ϵĹâΧҲ˵
ѾˡĿһ˵
ߵ˵ͷת׿˵ѣ˴УҲԵյѷϽ磬Ը⣬˳Ѱҵȡ
˵ţһһöɫУһ
һƬĿ׹ӷɢס˵塣
Ŀ׹Ȼһһ֮˵ӰѾʧ٣·ûгֹһ㡣
վƬ̧̣ͷ죬һ˿ɫ
һսνΪһս
ԭʼħ䣬Ҳû˺֮ǣȴ޷¶ɫ
ܾԭʼħǰһûͷûԵĻǿѨ磬Ӧʲô
ڴʱһ
ѭȥǱԶɫιֽɢâƮɵħµĲʬԣ΢΢ƺڰžʡ


1502 ޲T
Ŀ΢ַһɺڹ⣬סɫιֽǰ
ɫֽɢӯӯ⣬ںڹ֮вסҪѳȥ
״ִֻɫֽУֽʱԹϡ
ḧŽһɱǸо͸롣
ýһϲɫֽȻһˮԵ֮Ʒʻħ֮ϡ
Ƭ̣漴ĿԭʼħǶϡ
ֻѪģ֮УԼɼһöɫĹӽָɢĹâ
ѹסм֮ɫһУָɵС
ԭʼħ̾½£֪˶ٲƸ
һ˿ָ֮̽Уһ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ɫָڲռ伫װ˸䱦Ĳ˵֮֮֮࣬ǰħĺɫ󸫺ͳѷ档
Ҫϸڴ˿̣֮дһĺ
ͷ޴ĺɫǱ˿ɢڹ⣬Զɳ۶ȥ쳣ݣתۼʣһģ
΢΢һĿ⿴ǽнԶĺɫǱüͷ΢塣
ԭʼħ췣ؽ˫ָճ࣬Ԫѱķ飬ܻţǾ޴ѵвٿ֮ˣ
һԻϿеҫǿܳǱǱԭʼħٻȥ
ͷתȴûж׷ȥ
˿ˣһԭʼħ滹£óóȻ׷ȥ̫ΣˣҸطָҪ
Ŀħ֮ϣָһų˲ϣȼ
Ԥϣ֮Уħʬ˿ûбջٵơ
ڣȻȴ޷ȥһ˿֮ɫ漴дʣһöĴмһŵܻ֮С
ʱʢɢ񱩵ĻԷ֮
ĳɫ£ԭʼħĲڿʼڻΪƮɢ
Ƭ֮ԭʼħɢ
ɢȥһźɫȴֶƾΧĻ³ɫ˿
һħԪѾղһ׻飬ķƬҲһ𣬰˵ӦòԪŶԡ
Ŀ˸΢һһӣɫɢ¶ĺɫ
ɢĹâܿɫϼתɢһص
ɫһ֮ǰ֮󣬲ɢΪơ
Ƭ̣һ֣ǰֳһȭͷСɫԲ޲TıԴ֮Ǹ
ȥɫԲ򲻶ΧԪ֮ǰѾı˲٣ɢɫΡ
Բ渡ֳһɫ壬·𵰿һ㣬·һö֮ѣɢϢǰǿ˲١
ɫԲһ֣ӦʲôɢɫȻһಡһźɫȥ
Ŀһûֹ
ɫԲڹ֮У̴ڹ
Ĺ򣬺ɫ㱻ɴɫԲɢɫһһǡ촫Բɫѿ˼ơ
ɫ΢䣬ɫԲ򷢳һ죬ѿһɫСޡ
Сϸܵɫۼףһͷϳֻ۵ļǣ·һкܴͬһ˫۾ռ˰ףԵΪɰ
һпЦõĸо
ɫСްڶ壬Եɫһһ̳ȥ˼֣ɢ
ɫСȶһ³򣬷ǰ
ôҸԾ𣿡ɫС޾Ե
޲TǰԣʱЩŵ˵
ȻѵбˡɫСϸۣȴһϳģЩ
ûУֻǰǰ˵û뵽ʽЩȶѡһ˿Ц⣬漴ɫԵ
ûʲôҵıϹޣӵȺɺܹ˳ɫС޵˵
ǺĿһ˼Ŀʵ
ؼıԴ֮֮һڻûбҪ֪պϽ磬Ȼܹ֪ˡɫС޴˸ǷƺԸ˵ӡ
Ŀһ˵ͷûʲô
޲TǰȻպʲô㣿޲Tһۣʵ
ȻʵСȻҪշպұԺˡ޲T˵
̫ˣ޲TǰԣҲ̤ʵࡣǰģҲҪЫɶҶԼжպֻҪǰԸ⣬ʱ뿪һϲ˵
Ҫ㶨ԼΪޡ޲TĿ˵
ǰγԣŴ˻ɫһ
ѾΪֻгΪޣպһ½Ԫ̫ϡֻеϽ磬Ҳпָܻʵͼ䡣޲T۾ת˼£˵
ԭˡ˵ͷһϲ
޲TΪϹޣ۹⻹ǼŶԶ֮ǰ߾һ
޲Tһͷ
ˣ߰ɡ޲T˵
ߣȥһĿʵ
Ȼħʵ֮ǰȻûиԭʼħһսҶˡȻϼϽ϶նɱԭʼħǸ壬㲻ΪԭʼħѾ˰ɣ޲T˵ȴżֱ֮ɫ
Դһʵǰ
ոնɱģԭʼħѣҲ֪ԭʼħóֻǵϼ޻᲻º֣޲TЦһ˵
ɫһ䣬ոԭʼħǰԼǷɶݶȥĺɫǱ
ʵϸ϶ԣֻؾһٵ˽еǧ飬ԭʼħķֻֻ꣬ؾ£ʧȥǰˡȫֻ꣬ӦþħʵСȻ˿̹ȥʮа˾ѾϲȥһαȽϺá޲T˵
ɫ޲T˵ѾǺɫǱʧټķ
ͬʱȡ˼öҩȥɶ֮ȫתڤǾҩɺԵ麣ָһЩ
˿ΪѾݼȡǰǿǷɶ֮УҲлָ
ܴȻأʱѪʼãڷ֮£ݽߵ建ԭ
޲TǰϽЩӦҲ֪ԭʼħδŶԣΪβ׷鵽ףλһģĺڹ⣬Զ۵糸ȥ޲Tͨ
ϽЩȻ֪ǵĿֻǸѣԭʼħѾķֻ൱һʱڣǸ޷вģȻˡ޲Tһ˵


1503 Ο֮Ŀ
Ŀһ޲T˵Щ飬ȫ֪
֮ǰߵ˵ж֪޲TӦò١
ԭʼħ;֮ĶԹԹԶ֪ĸӺܶ࣬ƺʲôΪ֪ĻС
ֻ򾿾ǺϽ֮⣿һˣʵ
ֻ֪ǶΟ֮ĿǣϽһ޴֮£Ҳ֪ꡣ޲Tԥһ£˵
ĿһûʲôϺڹԽԽǰ۵糸ȥ
Ͻ֮»ֲܣԭʼħֻѣ˵Ҳһ޴
˿̵Ķ٣˲ɿԽʱǰǸɳ۵ĺɫǱĺڵٴγǰ
ھڵԽԽǱԽԽ֮ʱͻ
ռľ̶¡¡졣
ھҡΣѿһ޴ޱȵķ϶֮һ´ѿ޴ޱȵĿռѷ죬һ֧ӡ
͸ռѷޣƺܿٽһռ䣬Ҳһһжѡ
һݣæͣ˶ݹ⣬ǰ龰ɫһ仯
龰˵İֻؾƺڱ塣
һ޲T̾һ˵
ѵħֻΪüͷ壬˵
رˡħһ̣ǱеķֻѣǴֻؾȻģ»ⳡռ֮С޲Tһ˵
üͷһ壬ͷת˲ħֻ˾ٵĿġ
ֻؾеĸħ˵ħĵˣ˿ԭʼħֻԻֻؾħ龡ᡣ
ԼǸŹֵĿܳǱڣ¸õĵġ
ԭʼħֻ϶ǻָʵҪҵǲܵģЩʵҲû̫ϵ޲T˵
ɫã漴˵ͷ
ĿǰԭʼħµһƷֻ꣬ͱʵǼΪ޴ģҲˣ㽫ָܻԭΪʵҲһĹ̡
һˣа
ڶ˽̸֮ʣΧĿռԽأԽԽĿռѷ˷ĳ֣·ĵѾ壬ӿ
ǰĿռ俪ʼ߽⣬ĿԼܿռԶвħãȻʧҷɣ˿ռ䵽ǿռѷ죬תۼ鱻ռѷɣʹһҲһĿռѷУδ
һռѷ쳯˹һϵĺڹ⣬̻һԣ˿޷𺦡
˵ѾҪʵҲЩΣգǿЩ跨뿪ɡĻ쾵̺˲ֿռ䷨ֻؾѾʼ٣ƿĿռӦò¡޲T˵
˵ͷһ쾵ǰ
ʮְָһµڻ쾵֮ϡ
һ̣һ;Өİ׹Ӿǰ֮С
дʣصĲٿػ쾵
׹֮ռѿ֮γһɴСĿռͨ
ɫ΢ף˿
˿̷ԶԶûлָƾ쾵֮ǿƿռͨһӦͨħ½ĳ
ΧĿռԽҪռ֮ͨС
ڴ˿̣һɫâħײԶһۿͿռͨ¶ϲķ˹
ɢϢٲȻﵽͨƺǸոսûõӡ
ɫһҪֽħնɱ
ƿռͨȶֻǿ޲Tͨٶһˣͨ»ܲס
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ոĿһƳ֮£Ȼ֣ɫħ鲻Ǳˣ֮ǰһεǸħŮӣʮа˾ǧӱĸ׵ˡ
ôȥŮģûʲôı䣬һͷϷ˫ĿѪ
ռҶһռѷӶƿĿռͨܵҶ
һ޴ռѷһϷŮǰۿҪһɣŮѪɫ˫Ŀ֮һ˿־ɫ
йâһһҧһָڻ쾵֮ϡ
쾵ϰ׹һһĿâһΪһֻ׹֣һѽϷŮץסǧһ֮ӿռѷӲק˳ԡ
ţһɫħ˿ռ֮ͨС
¡¡
ҵıը˲ϯֻؾ
ԭ֧ؾпռɱըб÷飬ޱȵĿռ䲨ʹؾΪԭʼĻ磬һжϯȥΪΪԴһƬ޵Ļɿռ֮УͬǳĹâ
֪˶ãըӰŻ
ڴʱһȻĺӰĳոֶ漴΢΢һʧ١
ţһĻˡ
Щռƺܵĳʼ׷״˷Ӱʧ۹׷һСһɫͬ״
Щ״ַ׷׽һǺһƬƬءɽɳĮȱ㽥ֳ
ЩɽһĿռΣļ룬
ԭѱĿռ侹һٶڽĻָһһ
ħ½һɫ֮ϣ浤ħΧɱһͷͨɫʰ쵵ĺޡ
ʮɾ޴󣬰ӽںˮ֮У˶Դ໹ֽУһɫ״ħаһϴСĴƬϼ˵ķ֯һ𣬷¡¡졣
޵ΪǼħҪ٣ϾǲħˣǱΧɢĹâѹȥ
޿зŭ𣬵޼¡
λټһѾͷޱҪ֧Ųסˡ֮УһɫڵĴ󺺴
ΪߵģѾ浤۷壬һɫɢ磬ֵסĴ빥
ҲǾ񣬷߶
ϵĹâԽԽĿһſһɹ̹⣬ɫ֮С
ǣȻǴΪһ̹⣬ݺ֮ϡ
꣡
֮ѿһƣâɢźȥ
˷һ˷ܺ˷ĵ̹⣬ݺݴڣâ̼û
޷һ˻𣬲ܿʧ٣ʬ建˺档
˴˿ٻԼķĿͬʱһԵǿɢɫâ¶һ˿̰
ڴ˿̣ءһһ̹⼤öɫסǺ󺺵Ĺ
סܿɵ˺ԣһץס
˿С˲٣ֻȭͷСɢ͵ɫâ
˶һۣ϶¶һ˿ɫ
λԼˣ޵ϱλУλûɣ󺺹һЦĿȴĺܣһȦˣ˵
һӴ󺺵Ŀ⣬һ׷ױտڲ


1504 طħ
󺺼״¶һ˿ɫֽ
ڴ˿̣뼸մȻҶһ¡¡ľ಻Ĵ·ʲôƿնһ㡣
˴֮£ѭȥȴɫϿһľ޴籩ԭΪƽĺҲ֮һ޴ޱȵУһȻӷ籩Ĵ
˻ûӦʲô£һ±籩˹ȥ
˴ڷ籩ıԵڷ·еҶ㱻Ȧһ±׷˳ȥ
ɼķɳУҪĿȨȻΧħһ±ÿޱȣâҲ
飡
һ±籩ҽ˺
Χ񱩵ħƽ˺ܶ࣬ǱĴӺз˳׷֮ɫ
˵嶼ڸոյķ籩ܵ˲СˣԺء
ոյķ籩֮УĹ޷ƣ籩ϯ֮УɲɵĿ֮ϣȻһֱ
ۼ˾аãں󺺵ݼʵұ¶ϡ
˿Զ籩ģһԲεĿռֶͨлҹת
һ̣һɫӰӿռͨзһڸ档
˷һռͨ˼£漴ɢڷ籩֮У֮Ͽ񱩵Ҳ֮ͣϢ
ɫӰϺڹɢ¶֮˵ΣȴһǳӣֱۻһɫӰɫâòһƺ˹ȥ
µĻͷ˿ռͨһۣĺһ
Ŀ⳯ȥƺ˵һʲô漴Ŀĺ󺺵ϡ
󺺵ɫһ䣬ĿⲢ˶һ˲䱻һеĸо
˿оɢѹ֪˸ˣһ
¶һ˿ɫǸһСҵĵϵˣҲħˣ֪ΪΣָо峤ҲԶԶǰӡ
ѵ˾һλͨܣиֳһͷ΢΢һ˲ôֱƣæͷ
˴˿Ҳɫ죬˼ȴûоʹ֮زز뷨
ħ½ĸݿͻȻǰһӰǰ
󺺵˼λȰ㣬ľ뼸ת˲оһ߰̾Լûв֪ôľʹܣͬʱ΢΢˿
ӶԷУƺûʲô⡣
˵Ŀⶼ˺󺺣󺺼״ֻӲͷƤ˳һ񣬹˵ǰ˵Ǵ½ϵԽݡ
ԽݡŴ˻һ䣬ָɫ
ȻǸոմֻؾӳбŵǸϷŮӣھռͨʱռϮ˹ȥ
ٴλصħ½һֻĸоΪп
ûп˵ȻҳվͷȴкڳЩ
ȻվںȴͬҴһڡ
̾˿ֱһֻɫϼһţֱϼŵϷŮӱ֮ʧ٣ȻǱսɽռ䡣
ʲôˣһ
Խϼ֮ˣǼλڸ̩ԪǣҵɱһЩޡʵ˵
ӲͷƤ˹һ
ǺǣҲηңֻǱչѾĳһʱˣҪǴһ´½ΰˡҪܺúûشҵ⣬ҵһЩôġ΢΢һЦȡһƿҩҿƿǣһŨҩɢ
󺺵ŵ϶ʱ¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫ
ǰʣϼȻ㲻Ǵ壬ڴ½ϵһЩϢΪͨģضǰʧ󺺼æ˵
Ҳ׷׵ͷظƱ˵š
΢΢һЦֵͷЩ˻ᾡľĻش⡣
ҼǵǰʱΪ½Ĵ֮һңˣƬ̣ʵ
ǰٶǰԷң⵽ѹȻҲ֪Ūǿħʬջδ̡ܷ֪ΪΣҼͻȻʧ٣֮ûˣʱڽһټ½֮Ѿû壬ĴҲֻʣˡȻش
ĿһĬȻƬ̣漴˵ͷ
ͳħ½𣿻ʸΣ׷ʵ
ǰʸȻӮǳսʵҲǴ𣬶ҵʱħʻʸӺ֪ΪҲͻȻʧټҲûܶ˶ΪѾˣҲ˴չˡͳδ½ѴǰȻʳհȴǰӿ½֮ϾĲȶ˵еһ꣬ں֮ǰش
Щŭĵ˺һۡ
ܵ˺󺺵Ŀ⣬΢¶һ˿η壬漴еƿһۣ΢һҧ¶һ˿Ц˿õĻź󺺡
˻һۣҲ¶ԾԾԵ顣
û⼸֮İŻʸӺʧ٣һ˿ȣͷ
ħƴħԨռ䣬ʸӺǧӱͬħһͬħԨ֮ء
ԻʸӺʵħ֮Ҫƿգصħ½Ӧòʲô²Ŷԡ
Ϊôȥȴδ·棬ѵħԨ֮ʲôʲɣ
ˣǿ֪һλǧӱΣһ£ʵ
ҹȥħ½±Ǩ˥ȤֻǺǧӱЩǣ̲סҪ˽һ¡
ǧӱǰ˵ǻʸǧӱɣŮʡһֱĬУһٸģŮ˵
ʸǧӱŶΪŮʣǧӱƽ£жʱ˿ΪŮȴЩȡ
ǣʸǧӱŮٶǰλģǰħʳ䣬»ԶԶŮһ۵ġ
ŶȻȥʳǣضʳΪ˽ɣϸ˵һ¡üһ˺󺺣˵
ɫ΢Щԥ
¶֮Ҳ֪꣬峤ۣʸǧӱȻΪŮʣʸҺܶ೤ϲ廢񣬴½ƶ󺺳Ƭ̣ǿ˵
ź󺺵ĻɫĬȻƺڿʲô
󺺵˼״ԹԱտڣûгԴš
һ⣬ǿ֪ȪɽһңĬȻƬ̣Ŀ˵
󺺵һ˼ۣɫЩãû˵ƺû˵ҡ


1505 ų
ˣ¶һ˿ʧɫ漴Ȼˡ
ʱȻʵȪҲһѰңΪԵʣһʮֵ͵أûҲ
ֻôȥˣ֪񴦾ˡ
ǰǰ֪վһֱûпڵһľګ꣬ʱȴͻȻЩĿ˵
Ŷ֪Ҵ˿Σɫһϲ΢΢һ°ͣʵ
µǲֻ֪ǰԽݰһλˣҼǵԳơԳȪ֮ˡľګԴŵ˵
Ǹڰʲôüһʵ
ƺڲģʱڰǰ̯һЩݣǸȥ١ľګ꼱æ˵
ɫһ˿˿ЩӦ
ãǵĻش𶼻㲻Щҩ浤棬ʹ͸ˡ˵ţȡƿָһǰ
󺺵΢鿴һƿеĵҩɫʱϲæл
̧ͷӰȴѾʧ١
Ļ˼ۣϺ¶һ˿ɫδڣ˺ĵ֮⣬վһɫĮĿź󺺡
ɫһ
֣ǽջԵɺϣλǰµҩҲõ˺ôĪҪҵȵ⣬˵ֻֽˡ˵
ɫһ粻û˵ʲôΪȻڼߣһĻǲܡ
󺺣һĳźȥֱ˳ɣȻԶȥתۼʧԶ
󺺺޺޵ĿԶȥû׷ȥǳһɶݶȥ
֮УӰֶ·˹ĶǵΣ΢΢ҡҡͷ
漴üͷһ壬Χȥ
£޲T·˳
ôˣ޲Tһһȵͣͷʵ
޲Tǰ֪ΪΣԴӳֻؾһֱܹоһ޵ΧԴԴϵӿϣƺЩųӡƬ̣˵
޲Tԣ˫֮йâһ漴˵½ķ֮ų㣬֮ǰΪֻؾУ⣬ûиоų֮ʱƱԽԽǿҹƣҪ˶ãҪ½糹ų⣬ȷ
ʲôΪλѵΪԵʣһʵ
ˣʵΪʶеԷ֮ǵϽϹඥã½磬ԲŻ½編֮⡣޲T˵
ԣɫһ粻
ֱ˿̣˵ʱϿĺ塣
Ƭ̺󣬳ʵ޲TǰǾƣһҪñᱻȷ
໹һʱɣҲ޷ı䣬ֻҪʩչʶеԷʱӡԺԵķ֮Ӧÿȡĵʱ䡣޲Tһ£˵
Żмʱ䣬΢΢˿
һʱ䴦һЩˣ˳㽫ԭʼħõЩ֮ˡ
⣬ħҲ˵Ͻ翴⣬ʵǼΪΣ֮£ԭʼħǵΪһֱ½磬Ȼԭ򣬲Σտɼһߡ
ЩƣԭĴ½úùһΪһԵķģŻῼǷ֮£һмƻˡ
Ҳ̫ģ췣ؽٶ֮ҲڶڣΪ㵲ȥٷѣҲ㡣޲T˵
ǾͶл޲Tǰˡ޲T˻жʱ԰֣һ
޲TԲᷢȻ˵˻ضܹṩ൱İٳɹʵġ
ô˵Ҹطúûָһưɣ˳㽫ԷķӡĿ⳯Χȥ˼һһɶݡ
һӺ˺ɫһĵ֮ϡ
һӣâڻĵΧſһɫĻʱܿûټ·δֹһ㡣
˵ͷ漴ڵһɽ֮ڿһٴһƣɶݽȥ
һЩ䣬һֱûʱúϢһ£ϵƣѾЩŲסˡ
ӡĵڵӦܺܿͨ͸ɡ޲T˵ţſ³һϹ⣬һŵķü֮С
üһԺиֳһƪϢ
л޲Tǰ޲Tлһ̱ĿϷ𵭵ڹ⡣
޲TһۣһԣƬ֮ҲֳһɫΡ
ʱתۼȥ˰¡
ɽ֮Уһɫ𣬲һ˰еĹĻ㱻
ɫɢ֮Ӱһֶ
˿̣ϵĴѾָ˿̿ȥ㡣
޲TķӡѾͨ͸ʶԷıʩʱӡΧռų֮йȻ
һϹһɫɳ磬޲T
ɫԭʼħĴָҵһ޴޲TѾǩԼȻʱ
ڷɶЫֻؾԴڳ˯֮Уû˿Ѽ
޲Tǰ޴ϰ߰ɣԭʼħ֮Ʒʼߣڻ«֮ϣڲռӦû΢΢һЦ˵
Ȼ޲TѾ裬ڳƺûиı˼
ɡ޲Tһۣаͷ
ʲô㣿Ȼʱ仹꣬ôʱתۼġ޲T˵
֮ǰһЩҪ¶һ˿㱣̾˿иֳǧӱҶüȵȺϵǳ֮˵Ӱ
޲Tƺµ룬ûгš
̾Ϣһ漴ʲôһε˵ϣּһöɽ顣
ִһɽϹâţһɫϼ£һŮӴ˳˵ϣǸħŮӡ
ŮӴɽзɳ¶һ˿ɫ漴ĳΧȥĿϡ
ŮӴ˿еѪѾɢѾָǡ
´ŮӼۣ΢΢һ
ŮòΪüǧӱʮơ
ٸۼĿ´Լжʱ¶һ˿ŭӦɲϢŭԡ
Ǻˣٸԥһ£ǳ˵
Ŷѵֻؾе飬Ѿȫûм𣿡ûٸʻйâһ˵
ֻؾеĽƿǣʹңȻľӡˡ޲T΢˵


1506 
޲T˵һһϷŮִɫرǵŮֻؾʱɫ˲ò԰˼֡
æһȦһ԰ĵģ漴һʵǵǺˣʲôط
ʸ£ʳħʻʸӺ֮ޣԼҵԻܣתͷĿϷŮϿһۺ󣬲ûлشŮʻЦЦ˵
ϷŮŴ˻ɫ΢΢һһʱû˵
ȴӶԷɫ仯У²µ˼ֽǵȻЦԵѿԾܷģ²ûʲô⡣˵º͵һҲǱԭʼħץֻؾСǰøոսҴѳʱڸ˳ֽҲ˳
ϷŮӣҲԻŴ˻ɫһϸĴ¶˼顣
Ȼֻؾñʧǣԭʼħץֻؾļ仹еģͨǻָԼǵֻؾȵ飬ƺǰ֮Ϊ
ԭˣѾոջԶײʵڱǸ֮ԻܶһЩǸ˵һ˿衣
޷С¶ѡ˵Եָܹǣǿϲɺ֮¡˰֣˵
֪մ֮պ󶨵رԻѹзӿûἰй־ʧ֮£ǳʵ
ڱ㲻ˣҺǧӱΪһлĿ΢ԥһ£Լ䡣
ԻĿ΢һۣ¶һ˿ɻ֮ɫ
֪ôľЩ飬ɿһһתĿʵԵѣ˿Ѿصħ½ڴ½Խ֮أ֪ѣȥʲô㣿
ԣħ½Ե棿ԻŴ˻ЩŵĿʵ
û˵ֻǵһӣΧ󷨹Ļʱɢ
Իһɵ˰գΧϤħ½Ϣ鼤Ҳ΢΢Щ
ҲԿؼǿˣܿס
Ӱһκ׳һԡ
ԻɫһЩĲ׿һۣһ˿ɫ
Դǻָ㷢֣Լ֪Ѿ׵ͨ磬һãȻʧĸоɢϢǿ󣬵һһȴһָɽֹ֮С
ԵѡĿƳԻһۣڵ
ûû¡ԻܱĿһƳʱЩ֪룬ЩæƿĿ⡣
Щ飬ҪǰʳһˣԵҲдĻһ·֮ϵǿͬС΢΢һЦ˵
ҲáԻɫһ漴˵
Ȼˣ²˳٣ɡһӣһƬڹӿֶΪһźưסˣΪһɫ⣬Զȥ
ԻܿΧɫɿˣһƺԼĶݹһеľȸ
ѣ֪Ƿֻ֪ؾ˺£ǾܹԭʼħƿأԻԥ˺ܾãʳĵΪĵ顣
Ϊħֻ꣬µʼջԭʼħѣԶֻؾľ䣬ԻܼҪ֪ԭͽ
֮ǰֻؾкȻ׵һ췭ظռƺʼһƿռķƴ˳ֻؾе׷˺£ҲǺͷԭʼħԼ﷢ʲôʰɡĿ΢ҡҡͷ
ȻὫԼԭʼħһȶս֮նɱ֮˵ġ
ԭˡԻԣ¶һ˿ʧ֮ɫ
ԵҲ̫ģΪֻؾмȻ˳̶ȵľ䣬ؾԭʼħӦҲ޷˵Ҳռıˡˣ˵
ϣˡԻ̾һ˵
ˣйϢ֮ǰѾԽݼħһЩЩ¹ػʸӺǧӱѵģԵӦҲȤ֪ɣĿ΢˵
ʵǧӱŮзԲ棬ȵ֪ԼҪ˶ñҪȷʹŮԵҲҪƴһľ±ԺΪˡ
йش£ѾйһЩ㣬»ҪĸԻܰæС
棿Ѹ֪Իԣ¶еɫ
Ȼû⡣΢΢һЦ˶ٺ󣬱㽫֮ǰϢתһ顣
ڹУԻɫ䣬رŻʸӺδħ½¶棬¶ֵǵɫ
ԤϵǣԻܴŮǧӱΪħʣΣôȤ

Իܸϸʳȥʱݣʳħʹ´֮Уȴһصա
֮ϵģһɫӺݳ۵ľɫϷŮ
ڴˣԿһϳŮǧӱ
Ůòǰȣûʲô仯ֻü˼ֳأ˼ֵɬ
֮⣬ΪȻѾﵽͨ
״ˣʸ۳ϷΣȴǻʸǣʸռ켰һЩˡ
֮УȻԻʸռΪߣݿţȴɢ⣬ʹ׹һ㡣
˿̣ɫǧӱʲô
Ѽ鱨ݳȴ߾⣬ѻȺݡݳƣǰҲдɫص˵
һǧӱͻʸжɴһǻʸռ˫۵ʹɫ糣ƺ֪һ㡣
ͯϣϢɿ𣿾֪ҵмѾڵĴսбݻٴˣôܻʵһ֮أʸü𣬳ʵ
Ӧòˣаݵһ̽Ҳͬ鱨˶˶ٺ˵
ǳϣĪΪͯϻ¹ؼĴŪٲɣʸռʱͻȻ˵
ռ쳤ϣֻǾ£Ҫ֪ҵ걻һʸҺΪ׵ֽɱֺȻð˳Ѹװٶȹռһ֮أռ쳤ѵÿɣʸüͷ΢˵
ͯϣݴ鱨УἰУδȻʸռ쿪ڣǧӱĿ˵
£鱨вδἰˣ̽ϱһϢֻǸ²⣬Ҹոû˵˳һ£˵
ŶʲôϢ˵ʸռǧӱ֮ǰ˵
ǧӱɫһûе
̽ӻرѾʩչҵ޻ҲֻԶԶʮֿ϶˵
һ˻ǧӱʸǻһۣɫ΢΢˱䡣
ǵѣΪǣпҲУصöˡ
ʵԴұô衢ߺռԶʳ׳Ƴȴδˣ˲Υ֮¡
ԴˣڻʸӺʧٶԪʳҲֻùһֻ۱һֻˣֻҪ岻ʲô֮£ȥܡ
ᣬʾʹͬˡ


1507 ⻼
һʱ䣬´֮˵ձЩء
£²غʳţἫ̶Ӱ쵱ƣҪʾʸռȻվ˿ǧӱһ
Ȼ񣬵ǧӱֻǱӰˣ䲢̫๧֮ɫЩʵļơ
ռ쳤ϣ¶Դоϣ¹شܴ˴æʸҲվʸռ죬˵
Ϊ±ҪһϣӰСΧڡǳϲԸϷԸ͡ʸռת׿һۻʸǣ˵
£Ϊ»ش̽پδΪáʸûʸռĻת׳ǧӱ˵
ռ쳤Ϊ֮¾ϹᣬΪѵãǳϴҲǧӱ˵ͷת׿ˣֽ˵ͯϣֽ̽κνչ̻ر
ǡ˴Ӧһ
ǳϣΪͳ˧ƽ֮»ȫȨҲͬճ׼ͯϢԻᾡ֪ͨ㡣ǧӱ΢һ˵
ǣʸüͷ΢壬漴̾˿˵
һߣʸռҲǧӱ˹֣û˵һ˿ײɫ
Ȼλûʲô±˶ˡռ쳤Ϻͯ°ɣǳһ£һ¹ڽϸڡǧӱˣ˰֣촽ķԸ
ʸռһԲҲ񣬻ȻתŴ֮ȥ
˹һת߳
ʸռԽԽˣвٳΪףԽԽѱ·ˡ뿪֮󣬻ʸЩȻ
ķѣ˵׻ΪʵãȻħǿ׵ͨǶڷʼͣͲǰ޷סЩϡǧӱҡҡͷ̾˿
ӱҲȻȫޣԻʸռΣˣϸݺ󣬵˺£ħʱ񾿾ںδҵմϵֻ֮طʬ壬˶ʧˡʸǰο˼ǧӱһתʵ
ǧӱü壬Ƭ֮̾˿ص˵ʦ𣬹ڴ£ʱҲúκἰ⻼ϣʦ׽֮ˣ˼ȥ»ʦΪãʦҪתˡ
ӱģȻ֪ʸɫȻһӣſһơ
ҺϵطϿٻħʬʽҶҪ֮ʱȴ䷢֡ʱͻȻ֣ΪΧǧӱ˵
Ȼʱûʸ֮ӣ˵ʱлʸ֣ʵطħơ
ϾȻҲʸ¶˲֮ɫ
ǵģΪĸǸʰǲǰݵġǧӱ˵̾˿
֮֮䱬һսϺط綷ܾˣȻ֣͵Ϯɱط硣ǧӱ˵
󾳻ɱͨôܣʸɶݵ
ȻΪʵͬ׸߳٣Ͼֻһħˣط缴ˣϾͨ˲֪Ĵ֮ʿط֮ȻвٸһոմԵħ˿ɱġ
ʵܹɱطӦòԼʵʦ֪߸һͨܣʵŻǿ󡣡ǧӱԥһ£˵
ʸԣвһ˿ɻ
ͨʦҲʶǻʸ졣ǧӱ˵
ʸ졭û뵽˾ȻţʸЩȵ˵
ҲţֻʣһͰˣӦԼ޵ķʽڡʸڶطħ޺ҪҲһͬɱʩչһŷ˳ȥǧӱҡҡͷּ֮ħʳ֣ձħħͶħԨ֮渵
Щ£Ǹʺҵģ֮ͻʸȥʲôطұ㲻ö֪ˡǧӱһ֮˵һ顣
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ԭȻ棬ѹҸϵ֮˶ʧ١Ҳõطʬ壬߽ܳҵĶ־ڲ֮ʣһٽǼ𡣡ʸ̾˿˵
ǧӱ˵ͷĵ̾˿
ףȵȣһƺЩԣʸɫһ䣬˵
ʦ˵ǣǧӱȥ
ϵͻʸ˳ȥ֮Ҳûг֡ҲҲǸʱڵıԪҲϨˡ֮˶Ϊִħʱµںδˣʵˡʸǳ˵
ҲΪΣյΣطȻܾˣƲӦòǡǧӱü΢˵
ѵǰȥݵĳǣбˣĪϿ֮Ǳɱˣʸɫһ˵
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ˣѾ¹꣬ȥܲҲ޼£ӱ˵ɣ֮δħԨģȻ񾿾ںδزǵıչô򵥰ɣʸǼʵ
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Ȼ֮ܣħȻҲ޷ıƿħԨռͨطϼ޻ȻǴħԨؾʱֽšʸ˵
Ҳܡ֮£ѰڴʱǾ߰벽ħʬȻԨͼȡʵħ֮£սһǧӱ˵
ħʬĪǾħԨ֮׵ĽɫħʬʸһǾ߽ɫħʬʵ֮ǿ˲СӰ
Ǿ߹ħʬʺһսƾħãħʬĹħԨؾħ½һռͨʱΣʽħңʩͻħ½ȴħԨؾ֮УֵǾ߽ɫħʬǧӱ˵˴һ£סż˵ʱʽռͨǰһ̣ҽͳ򲻿ɽħԨзй¶κ֪Ϊ˲չؾ˱ɡ
һԼˣǧӱȦ΢΢Щ졣
Ҳһ̣³棬Ϊס


1508 㳲
ԭлô಻Ϊ֪Ĺ¡ӱЩһ֧һУΪˡʸ̾˿ο
صʳǣʦ֧֣ļ̳ħ֮λվ㣬Щ濴ƽʵ⻼ϣ񲻽ռ쳤Ϊ׵һڳ϶΢ʣǹվǹ˸ʵǧӱЦ˵
ôᣬЩһһֱѾúܺˡľƷһ֮һһϦɸıġΪʦţĴǣֻҪµʱڣȻΪһϸŮʡʸɫ֣ص˵
ǧӱŴ˻չһЦƺ࣬üһ˿ѽĳݡ
ӱȻʵʵȻѾؾ֮նɱͷħʬħԨؾħ˵˿ڱչŬˡʸǿǧӱǵģֳԿο
ţȻǧӱ˵ͷ˵
ڴ˿̣֮⴫һ
ʸͯҪħʱ¡ȻǸո뿪ûõͯϡ
ǧӱԣæʸߵһ£һ֣Χĸơ
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ˣҸոյȷϢѾҼط֮ӣ֤ݱȷʵҡ⣬ŸߺҴʱҲЩƺټ˲Сļμʲôʢᣬ֪ǷʹйءʸͯɫЩѿ˵
ǧӱŴ˻һɫҲ԰˼֡
һѾЩͷöǸߺҴ˿ڳʲô£ԭάֵƽ棬ؽױ
ʸҲһأǧӱ򶨡
Ѿж٣вʸǳʵ
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ڴ˿̣һŲӴ֮⴫ǻʸռ죬ȻֱͨӴ̤߽˴
ռ쳤ϣ㲻ͨԴ´Īǽؾ𣿡ʸŭɫһǳ
ǧӱ˿ѾָƽҲһ˿ŭɫûпڡ
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ǧӱԣɫҲһ˻ʸռ졣
Ϊ˿뵱ϣȶġɱѾĹƣͬʱöԷݿ֮ɱءʸռƬ̣˵
ռ쳤ϣѾƺƴ·ı޷Ҽ˰ɡʸ˵
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ʸŴ˻ɫһƺҪ˵ʲôղû˵ʲôתǧӱԵʸ
ʸռ·Ըʸռһ˿ϲɫ˵
Ƭ̣ʸռͯϱԸˣ֮֮ٴֻʣǧӱͻʸǶˡ
ӱҽɳȥˣǻʳƱؿ飬Ƿʲô飬ҪӦԣʸЩǵ˵
ƶҵϵþˣñҡڵĸʧȥΣʶʦ˷ҪսپսΪһʸٴšʳǣв˵أ⣬ʱʽҵģɲֻħǧӱ΢΢һЦּһɫƣдһ֡
ħԭˣΪʦͷˡʸһ˵ͷ
ʦ𲻱̫ģҵݵս£ҼȻȻҲвңֻǰЩ»к֡⣬йظߺ쳣ٶҲ˼ӡǧӱЩǵ˵
ӱġˣһҪ⡣ϼȻһʸҹϵΪ׽Ҳòһʸһ䣬˵
ʦģһġǧӱüͷһ壬漴ͷӦ

ʱ˿̣ħʳһ
ĳǽڡһѿһСţһӰ˽ǻʸռ졣
ֱߵһʯ̨
дʣִһʯ̨֮ϡ
Ƭ֮ʯ̨һâһѶһɫӰڷ֮л
ɫӰתһ꣬Ҽ衣
еôˣ赭ʵ
ǺǣСѾͷֲסѹѾʸǴʸҵŸϸݣʳǵķѾһտǣıµĺʱʸռ첻޵Ц
ãʱһһ֮³֮öŵԣħһá˵
ȻľǡʸռһӦʵ
ˣڻʸӺȷеϢѾˣ΢һЩĵʵ
ģЩĹ۲죬ڻʸӺչزϢǸǧӱųȶĵİϷˡӵʱѼϢʸӺħԨ֮УӦð˾Ųʮˡʸռ϶˵
Ǿͺá赭һЦһΪһ⣬ʧ٣˸£Ҳ֮ʧ
ʸռվںڰ֮УĵЦ˼漴һģ֮С
һ֮ʳһ޴Ӫկ
կƮʸţʮ˾ۼڴˣμķֳ޴
Ӫկǰˣǧӱʸǣʸռͨھۼڴˡ
ǳϣѾ֮±㽻ˡǧӱ˿һɫۣصĽһɫƽ˻ʸǣ˵
·ģ¶ȻṼСʸǽӹƣ֣˵
ʸ漴һԾķɵǰһҾ޴ս֮ϣһֵ
䣬ŷ·޴ޱȵĳһ㣬׷ڿն𣬻յĳݷȥ
һʱ䣬ʮ˽ڱԶգһʱ
ǧӱԶȥӰ¶һ˿֮ɫ漴ʧ


1509 ӿ
عɡ
ǧӱ˵һһתһһɫӰֶһŵĻΪƬɫϼĵ£ιС
Ϲһǧӱԭʧһ̳֮⡣
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ʸռ쿴ǧӱԶȥķ̰֮ɫһ
ħٲöãҵˡ
ţһȻҲһϹ⣬ʳǷȥ

ͬʱħ½ʮ֮ңĳƬɽϿգŨĻħڣ֮ңʹ֮·ͬ뿴ҹһ㣬һƬڡ
ǾֹԷɿٶȳƶʶ·ĺҹֻһζš
ϸֱ֮£ȴԷ֣Ƭ޴ʮСͻɣǰʮŻЩ롣
˿̣ǰʮŻмһŻУһŻɫ۵վһСľ޴Ҷ״֮ϣ飬ǧ֮ࡣ
Ҷм䣬һ¥¥һ˴죬޷Զһġ˷֡
¥֮УһŻɫۣ룬Ķŵ˫ֶĿƽˮǰ￴棬һĿľ
ԻվˣһĻ۴󺺣˿̴ӵۣĭɵ˵ʲôһǸĿߣ˫Ŀ뿪ƺԴδһ㡣
Ǹ϶黫ƹ˷֧ǣʵΪǴͷ󣬵ڻңЩȻ˵
ˣߺγǱͬ˼˱Ͽڿʳʵ϶ǣڱ̵ˡ국һЦ˵
Ǿ͸ôڲɣ˵
޷Ѿ˷ųἰ˲ֿ弰ߺռ֮£ǧӱСѾͷ֪ȻӲġʱǾͿϷɡ˰֣Ƶ˵
ڴʱƬʮ⣬һɫԷ۵糸ٶһӶֻգ֮䣬ݳ֮ңһѾΪԶߵһڵ㡣
ǰķ򣬺ȻҲ
٣±ȵϼҪһֹĪһöٵͨܲɣ䷽ȥĪǸݣ¥Уɫ΢΢һ
峤ϣ㷽ſ̽鵽ʲô˿üͷ΢û˵ת׿ߣʵ
֮죬ϷδţӡУ½ƺû⣬ҲųʶҪ̽һ˵ϷǷˣҿ϶߰뿪˫Ŀ΢΢̧𣬿л˵
һϾɫһȻҲɫһ䡣
߿һģʵĿǰΪߵͨ壬Ϊط磬Ҳǲضõģʶ̽޷ʲôɫ֮УĪǲһΪҪߵĴܲɣ
תӣǰѻָƽգɫЩ粻

вҾԼߺռķٶϢڻʸǴκ󲻾ãҲסʳǣΧݿ֮ɿɢ
һʱ䣬ʳ֮Ļ̡̻
кߣĵĳԼۿʸ뿪ݡ
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ڳдģԵ½˶ħǧӱɣѾ˷ųǧӱλ߾֮ԡ
ȻĿǰʸȻʵǰ½Ҳ޷ȼģһʸͳδ½ô꣬ȨͳʶҲǸٹ̵ģʶߣҲֻǻʸ֮ѡˣǴ֪ġ
ħʹһƫƧ֮Уʮ۵ħڴ֮æµĴУ֮УʮѶͣҫһööڴѶиֻʧ
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˵ǻʸҵ鱨ģ˴ĴѶͨħ½ء
ԴҲвϢ˴ĴѶ󼸺һҲûͣЪ
ģǧӱһ֮߰ǰѷʮ򣬴˿䯣ʸͯվһš
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ˣһڿһ۹ȡǧӱЦ
ڴ˿̣һŲ˽ǻʸռ졣
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⼸ʸռ£ʵĴܹ֮£ĿǰϾľһ¡
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ʸͯԣæӦһ
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Ƭ֮һΰĴ֮С
վ⿴ȥ֮ܿһЩӰ
ǧӱĿ⿴һۣɫ΢΢һ
˲ƽյĻ͵Ϊ
£λѾȺʱˣǽȥɡʸռһ˵
ǧӱһջĿ⣬߽˴
ʸռһɣǧӱ󣬽˴֮У΢΢һƺһʲôơ
ʱĴ֮˶ʮɫεħˣֱֳվһͨĽһĺŮ󣬿μ
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Ŀ⿴ǧӱ΢΢һ
£λּҺͳҶλʸռǧӱվнܵ
λԶˡǧӱĿڽŮɨе˵ţ漴һΣһ̱ڴ֮ϣ
ʸˣռ쳤ǰ˵Ҫıһ嶼кô֮£Ȼ޷ƴǵġת׿վſڵĻʸռһۣ漴عͷһЦ˵
ǧӱŴ˻üһ塣
˻һԭվ鹧ˣϺľ¶һ˿Ц⣬˷Ĵ֮ϵǧӱ
ǡǧӱͻȻʶʲôȻվָһ㣬һϹмŴ֮ȥ
ڴʱһֻɫֺڴŴֶסɫ
žһɫâײںɫ֮ϣȻըѿ


1510 پ
ǧӱһס
δٶͻȻӿתۼγһĹĻ¡
ĻڹһһòĺӴиֶ˻ʸռԣϱһɿ֮ϢٲȻһͨڡ
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׭ңǧӱǰۻһĻĻɫһȵ
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˵ţϴһǡ죬ͻȻ˰ͷòҲӢ쳣
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ռ쳤ϣ㹴˽ʹĪҪ췴ɣǧӱĿĿʸռ죬˵
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ʸǧӱνˣΪһ֮һ֮ʣ޷ڣɨأ½⻼ϣ̷ѣ㻹кλ֮ϣʸռͻȻʵ
ռ쳤˴ĻǣԭҪλıˣǧӱʣ΢΢һѸٻָ侲Ļص
ʸռЦһϷ˾ҲΣΪΪ룡µϷҲԸΪ㣬ֻҪλͣħڻʸӺķϣҲô
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ʸռüһ̧ûٳԷʹ˸ɫ
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̶ƿУʮɫ˿Щħзɳһ֮£ΪһŽɫһĽɫֱ߲ӳǧӱһֶ¡
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ǧӱһɫâţͷϹһһɫ󶦸ֶħ
ħһʢһ´򿪺һɫ˿зƶϷϯȥŽͬʱµݿֱӶ
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һĻɫһ䣬ɶʮͬʱʩչħ󣬼ԼУܽӵɡ
Ƭɫ˿Ʋļ˷ɿϯƺҪһʮ˶Ҫ

һȡһӲӵӣ淺ɫħ棬һ֮£Ľɫ״ƾնڵǰȥ
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ͬʱʸԾվԭһңңĿǧӱЩԥ͸֮ɫ
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ЩɫӰο磬Χ˾ܽס֮£Ҫʩǲ
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ֻɫһһһɫԲֶһת£ӭ籩ΪһʮɴСİɫС
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ʱΧħȻЩħ˴˲أִ֮䣬ʩԮ֣ܸϵϣҲδá
¶һ˿ɫ¶һ˿Цһ˫
ǧһ̣֮ŮȻƾոĺɫģ˲۳һɫǰĹĻ档
ɫںɫĻ֮ϣһ¡¡죬ɫĻȴ˿˿δ
ʸռɫ䣬ΧͨڼˣҲǲɴһ
ţһӰո֣վǧӱԡ


1511 Űɱ
ǧӱԭǱĿȴǰһ΢𶯴ԤеĹûϡ
һ֮£˫ͻȻֵĺɫĻ̶ĿһתԵӰһ䡣
㡭ǣǧӱЩȻʵ
Ȼ߾ܽ˿˵òֻܴ¿ΣӦǸӡ
ǣͨΪ޷͸ԷΪ
еӰתһףƺǧӱһۣ漴ƿĿ⣬̧ͷеĻʸռ졣
Ҳ˽ˣҲ˵ⳡҵı㣬˵ûɣ֮еӰĿ˵
Ȼ֪ǺˣǷȰĪҪֻʸҵ񣡡ʸռ챻еӰĿⶢסкķһûɵĺ⡣
ͨΪͷһָо
ǧӱͬǣڶԷֺҲϰԵӴʶɨԷȴȻķ֣Էͬһ鷲һ㣬ϸû˿
⻹ĿöԷվ˵ˣ˸ͺеһ޶Ҳѹ֮ǰûзִˡ
Է赭дԼħһʵȻС
˲תͷһʱҲԷϸ·˵
һе𺳵ģȻڳͨˡ
ħɫֺûɫ˿ľҪȥ˵ģͻȻֵĹӰȴöӲԭء
˻һۣӶԷп֮ɫӰҴһˡ
ԶĻʸһ漴ɫȴһɣһȻ֮С
֮еûлشʸռ˼ֻǷһЦ
һ̣һֵĽɫӰк׵ķɳֱӴӵںɫĻϵİɫĶ
֮紺ѩɫʱۿɼٶѸڻʧ¶һɫ󶦡
һɫӰɿƹ󶦣š顱һǿŰɫԲİɫбһɫֱӶһʹɢʧˡ
ʸռֻǰһɫӰѳǰԶ䲱նȥ
ʸռɫһݣȻڽɫӰٶȣӦҲǼ죬Ѽһɶƣӭ籩ʮɾ޴󣬵ǰ
һĻɫĴпӿΪڶһɼ
ͬʱϺɫħһƬɫĴӿһ֮£ûһڵĺɫס
ڴʱһĻˡ
ɫӰڽӽɫʱȻһģ壬漴һֶġգۼ䣬Ϊʮ浭ޱȣӰڵĽ˿
ƿռ
ϸŵĽ˿ʸĳɫ޴Ƽȥ
Щ˿һӴɫƱļϢֱӶƱĻɫ·𲻸һ㣬˿޷赲ӣ
ʸռݶʱĲ԰Ѫ¶ռľʧ֮ɫæһҪ֮졣
˽룬Щ˿ٶѸ缲ףʱҪ뿪ȻѾˡ
ֻ˿һ󣬻ΪһɫӰֻһĽ֮֯£Ǽɫ׷·ֽһϢĶˣλͨܣ̱˸ǧٿס
ԡ£һʱͿ졭ס
ʸռǾ֮ı飬ԲִУɿĺ
ڣﻹԷȻΪǧӱͷ
һ仰δ˵ֻ꣬͡һʸռͬһ㣬Ȼ˿նأѪɢɽһŨѪɢ֮Ż
ڴʱӰ̧֣赭дһƳϷĳ
¡¡֮
ϸɫ绡ĵΪһ˶ޱȵɫϷһֶȥʬһ㷢֮͡ɢգΪ̡
˿һģ£»ΪһɫӰɫһͬɻӰ֮С
Ӱ֣ʸռ컯ΪУǰ󲻹ĸĹһħ½ݺ֮õͨܣô׾ٵˣͷӶûһһ
ΧĿһе衢֮ˣ˶ʱѪɫʸһȻ֮ɫ
Ҫ֪ڳͨУΪʵǿĵʸռˣӰǰûһ֮οЩˡ
ԭЩ˲ħʱҲ׷װ֣Χ£ǧӱΧʣµʮˣһľԭء
ǧӱĿ֮ǰһĻ¶ŵɫ̶ֻΪ˿ϲ
Ȼ֪֮еǺˣǴӶԷһһȻվԼһߵġ
˾ûˡ
ǰãǻͱ˵Ҫǧӱλ͡
ǧӱһ֣һɫϼ⣬ɫ˻
Ҫ˵Щʲô֮еӰȴȻתͷ裬˵һ䣺ܻʸռƻҹ嵱ƽѴսʱ˲ֻһУһ
һһ˿η壬Ͻһ߰˼㻤档
䣬һˮɫ⼤һ֣һʧˡ
ͬʱͷһһɴСľ޴ɫ⸡ֶݺݵĳ·ն䡣
ն;޴󽣹ⱬ˿ɫڿȥһ㽫档
ɫ䣬ʸռǰ֮Ŀԥһ߷ܵ߰˼Ȼâţɢʰ߲ĹȦ
ɫ˿ǰЩƺͭһ顣
žžžһ֮ܵ߰˼ȫɫ˿ΪһмƮ
иֳŵɫһ˿Ц
ΪħڶԷǰһ֮¾٣ɴ˫Ŀзɿ½һʱ̰һеǰŹˡ
䣬ǧ˿㳯ӿ
Ȼǧ˿һ壬ȴ׷׷һ䣬Ϸ˹ȥ
漴˿׷׵ͷһŵķɻɫ֮С
۾һ˿֮ɫƺԼš
ڴ˿̣е·Ű㣬ֻһ
һһֱ۱նϣڰ;˱飬
ƺһһֻס˿ڣź浹һɫò԰ޱȣȴһϲ
ԼǱסˡ
Ϊղһеķǵʯʶֻ֮ǰһĿĽ㱻նһۣɫ׷״䡣
ӰƣҶ
ӰֳʵѾﵽ˲˼ĵزԷҪɱڳ֮ˣֻ趯һָͷˡ
ͼı棬ԭ޿ˡʸռ׶ҲԸڴ˴ɱ䣬⣬ӡ
֮ʣ֮˵Ŀ˵
Ȼ󣬵˶Уʱ˿̣仰ʹԭپǣ¶һ˿ϣ֮ɫ


1512 طǰ
֮еӰ˵꣬һͳ󣬴вһƾո־źڹ⣬һ󣬻ûһɫӰ
ɫӰ֣·ԵظͶӰĹһİΧһİĸо
ڣǽѪ޳ħӰ֮УħģӴԺ󽫾Чڻʸǧӱжġ˵˵
Ŵԣڳ֮ɫһ䣬رˣĿⶼˢˢĿ衣
ɫһ仯
޳ħӰ˿ܲΪͨڣȴ֪һġ
ħ½һֹϵħѪģ˵Ƿģ˵һһԳһƷֻᱻɣӴԼ൱ڳƿ˶ԷС
ǧӱЩĿӰһۣûп˵ʲô
ѾѡҲãҿʡ²ˡӰûǰһ
䣬һ绡֯ű鲼ȫ
»ʸԸⷢģһͳȴԭվԶĺ˻ʸһε˺ɫӰ֮ǰ
˵ſһڱѪźɫӰȥ
ɫӰ¸µЦſڽʸľѪȥɫӰȾһѪ졣
»ʸڴģӽ󣬽ľ׷ʸǧӱħʱ£жģԸ֮࣬óѣʸ˵
Ըһ£ɫӰſһɼĺڹ⣬һû˻ʸü֮У˽ȥ
ʸһһ˺ʹͷ­б漴ָԭ
һĿһתĿӰ
³úͻʸռһģѡ㡣Ӱ˵
ʸԣתǧӱһ֣漴ĬȻߵһԡ
ˣģӰת׿ˣ˵
̾˿һ˿Цǰ͸ոջʸһһԣŵպҾٷ
ˣԼʮҲǰġ
һӺһŽ
ڴڼ䣬ǧӱҲʩ߶ħΧħ˵ϤС
ˣ߰ɡӰ˵ţһʺεħӰָ¸¹Цһŵɢ
ͬʱӰһһӣʱһһµ
顱һ
ĺɫĻķѵĽڽɢ
һĻȻڳ֮ٴ͵һ𣬸ոĵЩƶʱɢˡ
ЧǧӱܱȶҪǿ
Ĵ£Ӱһ漴̴Ҵȥ
ʸǧӱһ֣Ҳûж˵ʲôͬ˳ȥ
תۼ䣬֮УֻʣӰǧӱˡ
նлǰ֪ܷ֪ǰСŮӶġǧӱƽһߵӰǰһ
Ӱƺ´ǧӱһۣȴһԲ
ǧӱЩ֪֮ʣӰͻȻһ֣ǰһһٸӰƾոֶԻܡ
ԻƮڵϣ۾Ŀǧӱһ˿ۡ
ǧӱǰŮӣһ漴΢΢ſȫӲ
ĸ󣡡֮ǧӱŷһſǻĺ첽ǰԻſ˫֮С
úӣӱԻ˸˫۽§סǧӱƺһ֡
ĸŮֻҪһ֣ԷȻҪٴʧһ㡣
ӰȻˣ˿ֳ̲Σʩչ֮ڱסòϢ
ǧӱĸŮط꣬Ҳǲ̾˿
ԣʱҲǴֿɼģȻԼΪͨ죬Ѿﵽ۷壬Щȴ޲ߡ
ⲻò˵һΡ
ҡҡͷЩ˲丧ƽ
ǧӱȶһԻܵĻ̧ԴȻסĸ׵֣¶Է뿪Լ
һǸӰɫ΢΢һ죬ȥۼỨ
Ȼٴ̧ͷʱӰȴѾʧ١
ԹϾʱڈĵһǧӱ漴ɢ١
ǧӱȻһ𣬸ոմе֮ǰӰȫȻͬһʮϤĸо
кһӰ漴ҡҡͷ
ȻϾֻΪҶȥôˡǧӱа̾Ϣ
ܿ죬ǧӱ㽫еɻʱԺ󣬽סĸ׵˫֣˿гĸףҲװ顣
ͬʱʳϿգһֵɫӰֶ
Ŀ⻷һȦ·ģ޴ǳأ¶һ˿׷䡣
漴һӰûˡ

硣
ĵ
ŵŻ򿪣һů⣬ʹõڵİ
ţһŲȴһž۵ľŮڰ׷ʤѩһͷٰϷ˳ʡ
Ůǧӱ
ƺһûдħʷΣǻָ˵װ磬ݵĲͬʹ崿֮УȻдżֳʡ
ʱĈĵ֮ɿյģûκӰ
ǧӱһȦյĴвɵõһʧ䡣
ڴ˿̣һ磬Żϣšۡһ죬ڵеĹŵͬʱ
ڴʱһͨӰǧӱ⸡ֶ
ǧӱеĻȻתӰ˫նʱһĨ΢΢̺죬૵Ƕδˡ
ǰû뵽һתۼˡĿ΢̾һ
ǧӱŴԣв֪ΪΣһ˿Ȼ漴ָƽ
նԮ֣Ȩ֮ˡ⣬ĸܹٶط꣬Ҳǰͣǧӱڴ֣лִǧӱһ
˳Ϊ֮ѣҳݡһЦҡҡͷ˵
£Ŀӣһʱû˵
ٴαð쳣
˴˿ȻԶ벻ɣһθʹƺЩֹ
а̾˿
ʱʿԣʵת˲ѡ
ԼЩΪ췭ظı仯
ǧӱȻģûʲô仯ֹ̬𵱳˼ɬ˼ֶʳԼĵ
ӣνء
ǰǸֱǧӱѾΪ˹ȥǧӱѾǻʸǧӱʸҵļͳħ½ʳĵħʡ
λñˣֶǣȻȥǰˡ
ûɵЩʧ֮УȻ˿ûб¶
֣ˡðһ䣬Ϊﵽ˺̶ֳȣ˳ĬƬ̺󣬻ǧӱȴ˳Ĭ


1513 Χ
ĳѾͻͨõ΢һǿڻش
ȻˡСŮձԼµ˼֣ڴҪϲ޳ɴħ½ˡǧӱԣһ˿ȻȻЦݣмֲȻ
ǰΪʳĹԷһСǽΪ˫ް£ԷЩ֮ӡ
ΪʳħʣԷȴǷƸּܻͨҷĴڣȻⲻڴˡ
һ˿룬˿̣ȴˡ
޵Σܶ鲢󼰵ġˣ֪ԹŵԣչмӣĳԴΪмڴл˵ţһ
ǧӱЩû䣬ֻҡҡ֣û˵
⣬½ľƣĳҲ֪һЩѲΪǣ˵ǳϴ˿年Ҳе¿δػ˳ԹﲻĻԴΪһһ£ֿ˵
ôҪݹͣպշҰɣǧӱĵĿ˵
ԭ򡭡ӦܼЩѹĿһԥƬ̣˵
ǧӱвһů⣬Ȧ΢΢һ죬漴ɫָƽ˵ԸСŮȻָм
ԹˡˣȥˡڣˡǧӱûɵִҲһš
ºģ壬ʧԭء
ǧӱǰٶȿտҲĴƺҲһ޴ޱȵĿնһ㣬ͻȻһΣ̱˵ϡ

ݱݣݵȱݿҪ࣬СǳزٸССڴ˷Ϣ
ֻԴҺͿҵѾ˴ݴ󲿷Ǩ˱𴦣ûüǨߵģȻΪս꼰ĳ㡣
ǣԭݣֻʣһƬ
ݣƷǡ
Ʒǵشݱ߾ǷԲһǳأݾҲŵǰ
ʸҵʮϤפڳС
˿̲ƽ
ɱڶ˷
ǳٲȻѹѹĴӶΧˮһħʿ·һ㣬ԴԴϵĳɱ
ߺߵħ˴࣬ηֱʱɫѪɫϱ٣Żɫס
һħ廤ǻֿȥʹǴѣ޴ķײ·ը죬￪⡣
ǳϿգʮҾ޴սҷͣʱһִɫսȻÿһܻɱħʿ䣬˷ѹѹĴȻԵò԰
Ʒڵһ֮С
ʸһصվһž޴ľǰһͼӦƷǸΡ
ľΧվ߰˸ħˣӦöһЩųͳˡ
Щɫ̫ÿĺɱײľ죬ޱȵĴ˴ͬһȭͷһ㡣
ʸԻվͨħˣһǸͷ׵ߣһǸͷꡣ
ɫȻЩųҪ򶨲١
Ǵ֧Ŷãʸǿʵ
ǳϣ໹֧һաһ̻ص
ȥټһաһ磬ȫһͻΧȥļƻճǰʸǳԸ
ǣڳľͳӦһ漴ȥ
ǳϣ˾ǷЩ̫ðգоаʮ򣬼Ҿһ뿪֮ͨ˵
һͷҲ˵ͷʾͬĴ¡
ûϵߺռҲһ𡭡ҹѣʧȥǴܵУҪȫûڴˡʸǿЦһ
ԭǰʴһ·ƷǰңɵѾսռϷ֮£һٶ˳ǳء
ڻʸҴʿ֮߰ʣߺҾȻǲϵݣж˻ʸĺ·ԭܶӵҴȴͻȻðĴɱɱʸҴƷС
ıаʮ֮࣬бȻвԭҵСС
һʸһ˱档
ǳҪӳĸͻϮȥ߳һ£˵
ϱߡʸǺԥָһͼϵĳϷ򣬶˶ٺ漴ֽ͵ֱǸߺաҴӲӲĻ뽩֣ȻûˣпǶԷΪ֮Ψϱѵ٣ֻҪֳȥװ·ӣͬʱպʱһٴϱͻΧˡܽɱĻѾӦûǸСĴ
ߺ͹ͷ˳Ƭ̣˵ͷ
Ȼλû㰴ƻʩˡ֮սλ϶ʸɫһϲ˹˵
ߺ͹ͷӦһתȥ
κ󣬴ֻ֮ʣ˻ʸһˡ
վԭأͻȻ̾˿
Ȼλǰֵ򶨣ܷ˳ͻΧʵû̫ա
£ո˵Ѿ޷ԥȥˣ
ʸţϵɫһգתŴ֮ȥ
ûע⵽˿̰֮УһֵɫӰ˹
ɫӰȻˡ
һŹַϰ׹һζʱʧԭأһ̣˱ȰƷǱ֮⡣
Ǵǰ·ͬһ㡣
˽ʶάһƬա
ڻ쾵̺Ŀռ䷨򣬲ٿصΪˡ޲T֪ʱվͷ˵
ԣÿɷĵһЦ
лȲ˵ˡЩЩָ˹ȥĲ顣½ߵõǿɫʯ壬ԭʼħǲ취Уҵͻƿڡ޲T
˻棿˵ĻǰˡĿһϲæ˵
˵Ļпܹڷǰط½ˡ
ҳݣҼȥˡ
޲T£һɻ޴֮С
üͷ΢壬Ŀ⳯Ŷ·һۣ漴Ӵޱȵʶɢ˲串ǧ֮㡣
ܺãʡһһȥѰˡɫһϲ˵һ䣬漴ʧԭء
Ʒ⣬ҺͿӪһ֮УŸӰΧһԲվʲô
֮УԼֳΪ֮ƣмζ
λģһĶŵĻ꣬ΪȻֻھλҲ˿ѷ
걳ҲվλͨڣһĻ۴󺺣һһĿߡ


1514 Ƕı
λڴ˹̴£ҡ꿪һЦֳſ䣬ߺһ
ֶˡֶʴӱǱãһǳ֮ձسɴߺһЦ˵
ֶͳ˷Һָܿٹ⣬ʤһҲ¶һ˿Цݡ
λˣջƻСֶ񲻹һЩбɲΪȸѩޣҲͷ¶ġǺЦȴֻϺꡣ
ֶαعǫ˷ܹСĴۣһٽʸҵʮΧУҲֶļƲߡʮʸҲˣʱ½ضңȺ¹Ŷɽ֮ߺǺһЦ˵
ߺռˣСֶ׳־ܹʸҴΧλʴ֮²һѣʵڲҾӹġͫһ˿ײɫЦ
ˣǲҪֻŻ๧άˡѽʸΧգʿ״̬ĵĲˣҲʱ򷢶ܹˡ䵭˵
ߺԣ¶һ˿ɫ˵ͷ
йâ΢΢һƺ˼ʲô
ֶ飬ĪΪ𣿡俴˻һۣ˵
ǣʸұΧգȷǿɳ֮֮һ򾡡СֶãҵȲǿʹСģʸҵ·˵
ֶкƣ˵ߺĿһ˵
üһҲ¶˼ָȤ֮ɫ
ʸĴػʸҴ˧ҵȸȥֻܾӲľԪȫڳڡֻҪǵ˧ͷԣض᲻һ㡣Ƭ̣˵
ֶ˻˼ǣʸҴض취ͻΧߺĿһ˵
ǵģͻΧȻðգҲǺõö࣬ҲԺҵܾˣΪʸٴμȡٻʱ䡣˵
֪ʸҴ˧ǻʸǣ˼ܣ˼ϵ󣬱ضѡͻΧߺ˵
ҲͷĿ΢΢һ
ǸֶƣʸҺʱѡͻΧߺʵ
СֶӦþգٲգʸҵ˱ضжҹƣмܱǳϱҲҴҵֻϼ͹Ʒǣ沼ɱ󣬵ȻʸҴͻΧΪ֮ˡʱôкһ˵
ߺͿҲǻǹ֮ˣת۱˻˻ǰ۾һ˵ͷ
ֶȻ˼ܣܵʸǿʮ֮˾ŻжǱ㰴ֶԲðɡߺǺһЦ˵
ߺռˣտ˼ʵܹһԽʸҵ֧һҲҪܲСʧ¶ǫЦݣ˵
ֶǫѷˣͰļƲǡǺһЦ˵
ȻˣδʸҹǽҵȽ㿪ʼôɡվ˵âһ
ײȻԼĿģ˭Ҳһ֧ʮ˲ӸµĴԴģǿ衢ߺҲ⡣
һ󣬿սĻʸȻῼôһӵϡ
ֻЩֽţñĻʸˡ
ʱȻа취սжѻɽħʬ壬Ϥħʬˡ
Ҳãȥ׼ɡ
ߺͿ˵ţͬʱվҪ߳ɫһ䡣
ڴ֪ʱһӰ屻ɫâ֣ò
ʲôˣʲôʱģһͨӼ״ŭ
ߺͿ以һۣڶԷпһ˿𾪡
ǰ˾Ȼܹڳи߽ħ˵ĸ֪һǱ뵽˴ͨԿˡ
˿֪֮˵ΪʶһԷ壬̱㱻һ֮ˡ
˿ûʣĿ˻꣬һ˿â
ЦһĵһӣһźڹмգۼûһɫĻ档
͸ߺɫһ䡣
װŪ
ڴʱԵһɫâţһ͹ֻĹĵ漴͡һֻɫᣬ
ֻһչӵȻΪһӰ
һ̣䲻֪ʩչʲôȻ˲˶ʮɵľ룬һࡣ
ֻƴ˿̺ȻûһɫצָϬ쳣˸ľĺ⣬Ȼץ£ڰ˵ɫۡ
תۼ䣬ӵɫצ㰴ؿڣƺûзӦһ㡣
ۼ˾΢΢һɡ
κ˶ֵӵ޻˫צΪѰҲͽץѣοħ˵塣
޻üһת׿һۡ
һ̣ҲζĽҽɫһ
ϬɫâԣѸޱȵ˸˼¡
Ҫ壬ڳ˫ֺĴһľʹ
һᣬֻϣұն飬Ѫӵ
ӿзһƺߣд󺧣γź󷽵
һָһһɫСתۼ׷ӣĲһơ
ӲϽӰһһͷ­µµĹ£ͷʬ˵ϣ˼ˡ
ӵԪҲѱ룬ɾˡ
һıʿ磬תۼ䣬ҵһͨڱ촦ôϡͿˡ
䣬ߺɫ䣬¶ŵɫ
һУɫӰһģ䣬Ϊһöɫ뽣֮С
漴Ͼ̧ͷ˴еˣż˹ȥ
֪¾Ǻˣ֪˴кιɣߺɫ䣬̤ǰһ˵
ҵûбҪֻ֪֪ǴʸҶˡ˵
Ŵ˻ڳɫٴδ󾪡
վںĻһâһ
ԵϺĻҹţŴݶȥһڹм˴ϿյĺɫĻ
ɫ΢һֻӶһɫӰмɳĳͷ
ɫӰһǴΪһɴСɫ޽󺺵ն¡
󺺴һڹⷽһתɫ޽ӭȥͬʱǰ̹һΣһɵķӰֶ˫۽ǰ
ոЩɫ޽Ѿն£ǵڹһ
顱һ
ڹɢ¶ķһöߴСԲγַת
һ̣ɫķѵѿΪһѺɫƬɢɿ


1515 ɱ
޽˿ͣҲûеļն£ƺɫַͬһ㣬ûκ谭
ֻһɫӰû󺺵Ӱ
˻һһҽжδȷӲͷŵıӲ룬׺ɫսҲûܵסֺ
ѪĽ漴ֱһɺᣬ˵ϣˡһ졣
ͬûͷʹڳ֮͵һ
ǰ˾ڷ֮䣬㽫ͨڻɱ
ڳ֮˶ħ½ĴڣҲٴ棬ǰѪһĻҲδ̫˼˰ɡ
ħ½Ϻʱ˴˵ȿֲ
ߺдݣ¶һ˿֡
һ֣ɫӰһŵûۣԸߺͿ˰֣ʾվһȥ
ߺͿɫһ䣬æʣ֮ˣԹԵվ˴һԡ
ھԵʵǰǿɲԸûȤ
˿̴룬ֻҵĻǸ߶˴
ߵǰվĿ´һ»ꡣ
һ˿ңǿ򶨡
ᣬ˼ܣʸǵ˵˼µķֺͻΧҵȷǴͻƳȥĿ˵
ԼԤϵʵ˿޲ȴ˿ûиеʲôɸ˵ģԵ˫ֲɵýճȭһ˿ʡ
ҪԸģɲǽǻʸҴɣûĻƷϱ߲ĳĪʬǲĻպ㽫һ֧ģħʬһɱʳǰɡǷһ˿Цļ˵
һվŵĸߺˣɫ䣬һɧ
ǵʶﻹԼô൳Ϊȡ֮ʣѱԷħ˸ˡ
мַζ
û뵽㾹ն񣬻ڲõƻ󣡶λǰѣߺڴлǰ
ҿһ㣬û뵽ȴҰģлλǰ
ߺһƿڴȴ޵ı¶ԼҽֻɱΣͬʱֳлͼϵ
ƺոձɱ֮£׵˾⡣
ԴȻţĿЦЦĿǰ
ƺûߺտ˵һ㣬컨壬ͻȻһ˿֮ɫķЦЦǲԳ
ǰҲٴˣǶıĻǵһϧˡŻ꣬¶һ˿ϧ֮ɫһ䡣
ͳڣߣ
һԵĿ߿зһ峯ȥкڹһһɫȷȻһȡ
һڻһ̼仯Ϊɸߺɫ𺣵ĳڿȥգۼ佫ûС
ɫΧһһɷ·նڵȸ³˷ϯ̺һ˿ط֮С
ٺħ棡ߺѿڶ
ͬʱ꿴ҲδһۣζʱΪһļŴϿյĺɫĻȥ
ͬʱв֪ʱѶһɫһɵĽâӳ֮ϼ˺ɫĻ
ڴʱУȻмһΪһһȴһɫֽ
ڰһһ޴ɫӰƬɫΧԭҷĺɫ˲ɢһա
ɫӰƲ˥һ֮ն˿ϣٶ֮죬ֱﵽ˺ŵĵزʱ߷ųħ棬һĹﶼδ
һ󣬿ߺһ㣬ͬеĺɫױ룬ֱӶ˱飬궼ûзɳ
ߵľٶҲǺЧѳûɵ˺ɫĻ֮ǰĻɫâն˺ɫĻ֮ϡ
žһ죬ɫâѿǺɫĻеĵطҲһζһ¡
ɫһϲҪڴ˿̣ɫĻϸֳһźƣһ̣һڴϸĺɫ׵мֱ˻ϡ
⧲ɫ׵ؿڣؿ̸ֳһɼǵĿ˿ڣʱۡһһѪӰյ
һĲּ̺ң˳ȥ֮⣬ǲʵ顣
ߺͿԼ֮ǰһ㣬һ֮նɱˣиǷ
ǰ֮˼ȻԳǻʸ֮ˣڴı֮£ܹ塣
ߺĿеɫֽ֮ϣоһ漴æͷȥȻһ¡
ûпɫֽȻһ֮󣬶ԷΪѾ˱ͨһ׵ĲΡ
ߺпɬԣ֪ʸд˵ɱʮӣҲҷѡ
նɱ˺ɫ΢΢һɣڱ֣ߺȻ仯
ַһɺϵĴ﷨һ漴ת˸ߺˡ
ߺһ¶ηɫ֪ǰδǡ
ı췴޿ˡԭӦýǾնɱڴˡʸǧӱ¿Ըͽɱ¾ϣҿԸһ·˵
ǰ֪Ҫʲôҵһߺϳɾﻹ᲻֮⣬ϲ
΢΢һЦдʣִһڹ⣬ٻ޳ħӰ
ǽѪ޳ħӰ֮УħģӽԺЧǧӱǰƷ⣬ʸͶұ˶һ˵
ߺ俴޳ħӰ˲йشԵжһݡ
ңңĻһۣоЦѡ
ΣѾѡˡ
£˼ĳȺߵ޳ħӰԣһһԡ
ܺãȥôͲҶ˵˰ɡɢ޳ħӰһһӵĴһ֮еĺɫ󷨽ɢ
ߺͿж˹ֺ󣬴Ҵҵ뿪˴
Ŀڴһɨַһɺͨʬ΢΢һΣӴʧˡ
ߺͿԻصԼҴ֮к£ӣֹͣ˶ƷǵĹ
ҵʿȻеЩĪǺܿ찴ָʾѸٳ˾Ӫ
Ҵ֮УʮٻأھӪϿгһͷ
ϱ߷ƵҴۼߺգҺȻ˴һ㵡
ƾҵⲻʮı޷ƷвȻûλͨϵķԸǻͳķԸ£ʱֹͣ˽


1516 Ͷ
һƬãΪͻȻֹͣ˽һΪͳεӣ˿ҴƾվڴǰĿѯʵ
俴Ǹһۣһ˿˿ûлش˵˼
֪Ƿпλϣ¼ǵǰӪ֮УֶԲߡӼˣвЩë˶ٺЩĵʵ
Ǽںδ֪ҹҿҵľӪԸȥӴ˿̿ʼκҵ˿ҷӪһͻȻȵ
䣬һӣһѪɫƾո֣һϣһķ˳ȥ
ӸûԤϵȻ޷ıһɴõŵķɳ˰ɣǿվ壬ſһƬѪһƬȻ
ҾӪۼ˾һҲĿɿڴ
һĿ⳯ΧɨһۣȻ˿Ӱ֪Ǹ˶Ȼڸ
侫ƹȻѸоˣ˶ڿ裬ߺûиϾɱ˼ǶңȻûŹ
ˣȻٶҿ
оͳ죬ǰƷǣһȳƷǷȥ
ҵͳЩ죬ΪĿ˷ԸȻû˵Υ׷ſɵƷǰĿյϣĵط
ڴ˿̣ǳضߣߺҲʮ˷ɳ˹ңңƹ˳ǳأͣ˿ԡ
ƷУʸע⵽˳ʸǺͨϴ˿Ѿ˳ǽ֮ϡ
ųҺ͸ߺҵľٶ֪Էڸʲô
ߺҺͿУԷɳһˣ֮ǰڴ֮УѾȷ¶ĵλͨܡ
һһңɵ߳ǽǰİУͣ
ǸߺҹλǿƣλˣǴߺҺͿʸͶģߺҵʹһ꣬ųǽ֮ϵĻʸǹһ񣬿˵
ɳʹһһѪϮصٸҲŻʸһ
ǽ֮ϣʸԣ¶ֲŵɫֻһ
ԵͨҲԭأһʱ֪ηӦ
ߺҹ󣬵ƺҪ˶֪һ㣬̼˷ɢڷԲϿջصѡ
ǳʿʱһƬ󻩡
ڻʸҵʿǵãȻȣûʲôҵļ
ǿҺ͸ߺҵĴԭͶʱЩ
ͳͳ죡ͣ˰գһȣ޴˹
ңڸߺҴΪ֮һ
˴ҵȶðڱߥޣҺ͸ߺռŻһʱͿд˴治֮١ҵ;֪ʸͳ˧Ͷ֮ҵȱضǰʳǣħʱ¸ʸûд𻰣æңңĳųǽ֮ϵĻʸһ
ߺʱҲԽڶʸңңĹһ
ǳϣ⡭ʸԵͨЩɵ˵
ĪǸߺգҸļƣһߵĹͷüͷ΢˵
˵ݣȻǰͶضԷˡֻ벻ͨΪλȻͶʸüͷһ壬˵
ڴ˿̣΢΢һɫһ£漴¶Ȼɫ
Ըȥ򿪳ǳػƣλϣҳǽͶʸ΢΢һЦԸ
ͷɫ΢䣬ҪٳȰ裬ԵͨߺһסĿ⳯Χۣҡҡͷ
Ƭ֮Ʒǽƴ󿪣ʸǺλͨϷ˸ߺǰ
λұħʱ½ǵͶˣλǰȥʳǣ˵ǡʸǻ˵
ǣһжƾǳϷԸ䣬ߺ˵ĴӦһ
ʱ˿̣ƷߣʮЩĴڰУ裬ߺͻȻͶȻȻ󲨡
ô£
ոմĺúõģô˵ͶͶˣ
ˣأλںδ
ҽļλͳ˿̾һɫҲѿ쳣
Ƕƭˣ֮ǰߺҵļλǰȥ£ͶĴ㣬˿ǿ׶༪ˡ֮ǰһɵӺ˵
ͳ⣬ҵĿǰô죿Ŵԣ˶ʱ¶ɫ
Ȼûпλϵʬ壬ȴ£˾Ȼһ¶棬Ѿ⣬߱ץҲû̫ˡ
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ǼȻϲݣԶڴ˵ذɡһ䵭ڼ˶
һ̣ȼ˷ӦҴµĵϺĸֳһɫâ
һɾ޴ޱȵӵϴеҴһƬ˷׷״Ӱգֱ˵ϡ
Բʮĵ̷һȦȦĻââ֮ɫĸֶ
ʮҴͬʯһ㣬ϵĻâס˿޷ӡ
ӵȼͳ취ϾһЩŭУȫӵҡҡλεķȻ˵
ڴ˿̣һۼûע⵽
ӵɫһһȻȫϳأѪɽĵȥ
ҴͻȻ䣬ʸǣߺȻ
˱죬Ȼ£ûʲôٶ
ߺͿɫֻһ䣬ܿתͷȥƺûһ㡣
Է֮ѽӽԲ˰ɣȴ֪Ǻ˳֣ʸԵͨ߿ҴµĻâЩȻ˵
ϲصģǵİ֡ʸǵ˵˱ڵ޷ҴкâһҪ
ڴ˿̣ƷԶʣһƬɫŴԶ㵽ƷǸ
ɢ¶һҾ޴ɫۣ֮дһ˶ġࡱ֡
ҵķۣ
ҴУӰȥΣ˿̿ҷ۵¶һ˿ϲɫ
޴۸ոͣ£һӰ
ת֮䣬ɳǧˣһۣΪǲ
ͷ֮һڵӣȻҳ෽
ȥòҲûжٱ仯
΢΢̾˿ûֳΣ촽΢Ĵһʲôȥ
෽һĿ⳯Χտ˼ۣ漴һ䣬ֳ·õҴһ֡
ɱ෽ȵ
ǧӵ෽ľٶҴȥǧɫâļҴ֮С


1517 
ʮһȦȦĻâԭأ˿ãֻ۰Ͱ͵ĿǵصĹ¡
һ̣Ҵڣջǵ棬ɫⱦ⣬˷ѪĽҽ
ţӵܷ׷ĳҴ֮УǣϵĻâӵûκεӰ졣
㣬ֻǧ˵ӵܣʮ֮У֮ɵոһ
Щӵܺй˵飬޼ɵ¾ΪԼ£ԼߵĴڡ
̶һӹҴѾɱ˴롣
ɱڼ
ǳضߵİУңߺʮĿɿڴĿǰһĻȴҳֺ
ƷϣʸҴĻҲһͷƤ飬Ϊͳ˧ĻʸȴûпֻƽĿǰһĻ
ܿ죬һѾҲնɱϵɫâ˲˸һ£Ҳ֮ɢ˿
һʱ䣬ʬҰǧӵһԡѪͬѪһ㡣
෽Ŀһ漴ӵսʼսսƷ
ԼһŻʸǵ˷˹
Ȫҳϣ෽ŻʸǳڴѾΧصشǧӢǰԮ෽ͣڳǽǰʸǹһ
ԭ෽ϣҲԶǰԮһٽʮѾ˴󹦣ȱ˧صʳǣħʱ£͡ߺռͿҲȻǿϲɺءʸǵһЦ˵ͬʱĿӸߺɨ
лǳϡ෽ɫ΢죬һ˿֮ɫ漴ָƽлһ䡣
ˣ෽Ͽпҵı֮ˣλͨϣʸͻȻ뵽ʲôüͷһʵ
һԵĸߺɫһҪ˵
ڴ˿̣෽ǰһ߲ȱʬƾոֶ˵ϡ
˷磬ط֮ӣ
ãԭѵѾ
ǡ䣡
ڳ˼ˣɫʱһ䣬˵ʬ֣Ŀ⾡෽Χɨȥ϶¶һ˿Źɫ
˿վģΪҲ󾳣ȻλͨܣҲ޷ʬôֵġ
ߺ˸дݣɫȴ
ԭѱնɱҴ˴ξӹΰر¶ȻáʸйâһǺһЦ˵
ǳϹˡ෽ɫ΢䣬漴Ц
Ѿս±㵽Ϊֹ˼̰ʦسߺգλҲһͬǰȥʳǣ°ɡʸǵ˵
ǡ䣬ߺ˴Ӧһ
෽ϲҲͬȥرӦлҪԺ෽̸ʸǶ˶٣ת׶෽˵
½ǳϷԸ෽Ŀһ漴Щ˷ܵ˵
Ҵ˷νһһδ𣬱õ˼սƷͬʱսͷȴҲɻԼϣԭ͵ҶԣһϲѶ
෽Ըӳ۷ؼڣ֪ͨĵˡ
ʱ䣬ƷڵĻʸҴܿҲϣߺ˸³ϣ챾פأʮֿ뵽˻ʸս֮ϡ
֮󣬻ʸʮ˷ۣʳڣƺƵķɳ۶ȥ
սһ֮У෽ĿЩ˸ĬȻվƺڵȴʲôһ㡣
ͻȻƾոֳһɫӰݡ
Ȼ෽ȻתɫϲɫӰһ
ضˣɡ˵
ȥˣǶܵİΣ෽վ¶ɫ˵
ǺǣҵǲصʲôЩǱһЩѡҴ˴ٻݣһǽѾһЩҪ㡣һЦ
ѵҪ뿪෽ɫ΢䣬˵
ҽһΪҪҪԺӦöٻȪɽˡȻ˵
෽ԣɫ䣬ҪڣѾ̧һֹֻ֣˵
ڴ£ǻǲҪ֪Ϊá˵
漴һ֣ȡһöɫָݸ෽Ҵ˴Ϊ˴սﱸʣҴԲ鿴һ£Ȼ쳣֮࣬㹻֧żתˡ
෽¶һ˿ɫ֮Ľӹ˽ָ
һ֣ȡһöɫָݸ෽
ҸҵһЩвٹ伮Լͻ󾳣ͨҩһЩϵ˵
һȥתĳϣЩԴʵؽһ¥෽ĬȻ˹
ˣпʲô飿öָ෽һ漴ʵ
ģһֱѭ峤ķԸžޣɽһƽ޴¡෽˵
Ǿͺá
˵ͷ漴ֽ˵ЩȻռżλãڼеʱһֱ̡ܶ˴뿪֮Ҳٻȥˣȴ˴ص֮ǣҴȥְѡһλɡ
򲻿ɣ֮⣬Ļܹõȫ֮˵ŷ෽ɫ䣬æ˵
±ôˣ㽫ҵĻǾǣǾɵ˵
⡭Ը෽оеļᶨֻ̾˿Ӧ
ѡ֮ҵֱΪнɰɣԺҪڵȵʳħʱ¿ܻѯҵ顭Ҳȫ˵֪ɡƬ̣˵
෽Ŵԣɫһ䣬ǵ˵ͷ
ãһħ½֮Ҳ˸˽⣬ûʲôǣˡ˼漴λõ·Ҫһ㡣

෽Ӱʧ¶һ˿ɫݵڵء
̧ͷӰѾʧ١
֮󣬻ʸǴڻصʳǡ
ڴ˷ߺգҲͶѵ֪Ϣħǧӱʸǧ˳ӭ
ڻʸǰħǧӱϲѶڳ˶ʱΪ֮ڣ׷׵졣
֮ǰǧӱϢҲŴ˴ƽѴݶɢˣ֮оԴǧӱ׿Խʸս˫
ħʹǧӱ޹Եһƫ֮С
ǧӱʸǣԻΧһԲΧ
ʸǺԻܱʶ˷¸ٶط꣬Ȼ겻ѣһƽ顣
ǧӱͻʸ̸ս£ʸŵ֪֣ʵӦսϢ
ԭˣѹݸоҵǸˣΪ죬ԭȻʸĿһ˸ЩȻ˵


1518 ʯ
ʦʾ֮û뵽ʸռ쳤ϾͼıλҲǶܹƷҵˣû뵽겻ʵѾ˳̶ȣǲ˼顣ǧӱ̾˿૵
Ȼû¶棬ȴԴ߶֮ʮӲԭأͬ׸㣬Һ޹˼ɵոʵȫԽͨĪѾﵽ˴еʸһ˵
ǰΣ̫𺳣Ŀ
ˡǧӱ˵ͷ
ʸɫЩӣȻ֮ǰԤ⣬ȷϢһκ˰𺳡
ħ½ͨڲ٣ܴﵽȴǼδţϾҪһַ֮͸ǹ⿿ŬɵģҪԵء
ǰ󾳵ʱ꣬ȴΪԼҪӵڣв֡
ϧԴӵճ֮ûٳֹڻ·ϣҲѯҵλ෽ҲûʳʲôϢƺҲû֮ǰ֡Σʸ̾˿˵
¡Ժ󶼲¶ˡǧӱȻ¶Թ֮ɫ
ʸǺһԵԻۼǧӱ飬һۣ΢΢̾Ϣһ
ӱԵ֣ĺǣؾ֮աΪħʣϼ縺½ͼʹҲԼĿԡԻǧӱ֣˵
лĸ֮Ҫд棬շ壬ǧӱɫָܿ侲˵

ʸҴǰ󲻹ʮձһƽ˹ģƴң൳ͬʱߺգͶλ˫ǰ׿ڳ֮ǰʧֲ˼Ϣڶ̶̼﹤򣬾ͼħ½
½Ҿ֣Ҳ˶ڼʱڳ䶨ħ½ʷҲǴδйġ
ڻʸǰʦسһºħǧӱٿһιģǰĿʢ硣
ߺգ裬ļԲμӣǧСҼӦ磬ʹϯģ֮Ҳﵽ˿ǰ̶ȡ
ϯϣǧӱһ˶вľ
δԻʸҺΪ˴̬͸붨ѡоӢάħ½֮׵ĺƽ档
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ϵǣļһһԱʾȫͬ˾ʾԶʸңǩԼ
øҼвͬʱҲò岽ˡ
˳Ծǣǧӱ׼ԭҵĵλͷԼڴ˴ƽѴսУͷȴ͵Ȫңҡ
ᣬȴ׽ħ½
˴ԣǧӱҼΪأ˷أʹһߵĵλᲢ۵ļơ
ԭ˶ҼһԼ֮˶
֪ﴫһԣʸҴ˴ܹ֮˿ٵƽңʵǱվһΪԶͨһε֮ˡ
еܣǳңһλ档
ҲǴδսܹȡ˴͵ԭ
ңߺգ֮Ȼûйϴ£ҲûзϣħʶʹԸʵ
һʱ֮䣬֮쳹ħ½ν˲֪ˡ
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ݸһͳǳеľ¥¥ĳż֮ڡ
һͨдǰԲϣ˼С˼һƣȻԵõӡ

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޷ҶվǷܹõɡ޲Tһۣ΢΢̾˿˵
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ŵ΢΢ͷϵҲû¶ɫ
ӵǬо޹ʯͬСɣֻûϵԭ
ǴҪβܴ߶ҿɷƾĿռ䷨֮ǰ½ʵ
ﱾӦʯɣֱھ뼫Զطһ̺Ŀռ䷨ɽƿգ󡣴ʯϱ·ӦҲƻ˲٣Ϊ޸ۼԵһʯ޴Ӳ֤޸Ҳͽ͡޲TƺЩ̾˵
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ЩʱգҸݻ취䣬ϻָһЩ䣬ʯϵƸĶһ¡ֻҪ㷨㹻ͬʱ쾵̺Ŀռ䷨ܹ֮ǿ߶ʯϵĽƣմһξˡֻҪ򲻴ǽǰ½Ҳпܵġ޲T˵
棿ɫϲùɫʯ壬ϸ鿴һ
ĺǰͬı࣬ɢ͵⣬ǰ
޲Tǰո˵ֻҪ㹻֪Ҫεȷ漴Ŀһʵ
󾳼ɣѾȻġʯ崫͵ķ޷ȷ̶ֻܴ¿һ£ҪǰĴ½ɵúú׼򣬶δͲпܵˡ޲T˵
ãǱл޲TǰˡͷֻҪǰĴ½һЩҲûʲô
ڻ޷ܺõĿƻ쾵̺Ŀռ䷨ֽ֮쾵һʱܸõʹɫʯ塣޲Tֲ˵
һ漴˵ͷ
ֽɫʯվ˴Զ΢΢һ˿
һ˳ĻܹܿǰĴ½ˣû뵽յı룬һαĹ
һˣвɵøֳҶüǬŮӰ
֪Σ


1519 ַѰ
һ
Ĵ½ɽ
˴Ⱥɽɫĺˮӵأ͸һԶԶȥһʤյľ¡
ɽ֮ϣշ򲨹ַƬƬĲлϱѱ̦òˡ
ԴǰԴΪ壬ͨϺȳӰǣ߶󣬵ʢһʱ򲨹ͽĴ½ˡ
Ȼգɽȴٴαˡ
Զߣһһݹ⼤һǰһĶ໥֮ⱦʱһĺ޴ķʹΧҲѡ
ݹ򲨺Ϸɹʹԭƽĺ棬һˡ
ǰİɫݹһ򲨺һѩɽϿͣ㷭һ֣ŴĿѪϼ͡ƿ
öѪ·ɣӲͬķֱķɫݹȥ
Ѫ֮շ·ˮһ㣬һ
ķɫݹҲͣкζɫ׼ȷĺÿһѪ֮ϣһ졣
ɫɢѪҲ֮ʧ¶öƴСѪɫҶӣԵɢӨѪ⣬ƺĳƵķ
˿ҲѾѳ˼飬ȫʧĳ·ȥ
ѪҶһ־öѪͿʥǴ󷽵úܣ˫һֺ󣬶ʱͣķɫݹе˽Цһģ·һ֮
ţǰݹĹâͬʱɢ¶Ӱ
˾ȻòŮӣ
ǰİɫݹһİ۹װŮݣòȻԭһ
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Ůַؽ壬Է峤ĺȡ
˴ǴǰȥμӰʢ䣬;ɽʱȴͻȻ⵽Ϊ׵һɲϮǲⷬ𶷡
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ۼ飬һиɫһ
鷢һ渡ֳƬɫâ۳һ濴ϡɫܡ
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ɫɽһɫƣİ׹Ҳȥɽ·˾һ㣬ת
ɫѿ
ȿЦָһû֮С
̴ţҲ߿ǳͼ

ɫȻϵ߸ǳͼϼɹɵľ룬ϡ
ԵĻȦɫ֮ǰ·ͬһ㡣
ɫ䣬ҪȻûƺһ֮һ㡣
һֱѪвһû취벻㾹޴ԼֻҪҽβĴУܹõöϿɣʵ㣬ɲ򵥣п̺ųԽͨܣȿЦΪ⡣
屻ɫԭЩʧ룬˿ƽ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ۼ˾ɫЦһ
ڴ˿ָ̣һһ׹⳯·ȥ
ȳ·ȥɫһ䡣
ɱ֪ȻѩתƵ򲨷ϿգºȻǵһż
׹һŵû·ż֮С
¡¡
ż֮кľʯԫһɾɡ
һĴżкķĿİ׹⣬ֳһ޴ģһɫ𣬸պý档
һɫ֣϶ʱ¶һ˿ʹɫɫɫϸ˿ƽƾճֶ˺ϡ
תۼ䣬ȵ㱻ɫϸ˿סһɫӡ
ϵɫźȱʱЩɶ֮
дʣϰ׹һʢһģ˳
һĿ̿顣
ȱɫסƺʧȥ˷֧ţϵ˺ܶ࣬Щɫɢ١
ոձס˰ɫӡɽʱõɣһС
ɫһϲ̻Ϊһ׹顣
һ׹зɳȴһɫһ½С
һУɫ˿һ𣬷С
ḧ˿е飬¶ɫȦһ죬۾ˮ
Ȼڴ˿̣䶸


1520 ɳº
ոչâ飬ıһת۳һɫìзɳһ´˽ߵС
ɫ䣬С֮ѪӵתۼȾȹ
Һոյʯ佫һ£ûбе麣򼴱ͨڣ麣٣Ҳˡ
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ꡱһɫìѿʹ֮ɫһСϵ˿˺˼ָ֣֮æź浹ȥ
ţһ½ɫ˿ſصķɻ˰ɫ֮УǸ˿֮С
һ̣˿дһԽȻǵϵİɫϸ˿飬·İɫҲѹȥ
֮УʩʩȻֳΣ漴һɳ˰ɫֵķΧ
ֶ鷽һָʱһɫâʱм˰ɫĵϡ
һ죬ײĵ汻һ󶴣ʯɽ¶һӵͼһѾ÷顣
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˿̷ȡ˼ŷС˿֮ϣɫ԰Ѫҧ¶һ˿ɫ
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ʥƶϣԺֻаβѪǲܽһľ硣
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ٺ٣ΪҿǽǼλϵʬ御׼ֶ˲󾳣浤ĺ壬ٶʱ䣬ڳɹġɫһϲ޵Ļ˵
ԣ϶ʱ¶ߺ֮飬ϰ׹ţ˾ǣơ
ɫһףٴſ³һѪ
е֮ɫһַɿһ飬ߵɫ㳯ƶȥ
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䣬赭дһץΧʮķΧڣʱֳƬɫ·ΧȻֵһƬɫһ㡣
ȴŮ˵ᰶ֣Ѿֽ䱸ĹΪȻѾܲܶ⡣
δ˿Ӧѱɫâ֣ʱһ
ɫ䣬ܹоĵԲرľ£ǸɫӰɢһּΪرԴϢ
¶һ˿ηɫ˿̲֪ǰ֮˾ܹУţһ°壬ƿ˲ɫҪԶȥ
׷ˣ
ﾹƿԼķ֮лЩԾģͬʱ䵥һӣһ
Χһɿ˹ɫɫԽŨ
ȸոշɳûжԶ̿ʼƺɼӲһ㣬һгǿơ
д󼱣ſһѪС
ʱţϵöƣҲǴʮתۼ仯Ϊһž͹
ͨɢĿâΧɫһ̱㱻忪
ȿзɿдʣֳɸߵİβ޺ķ࣬һ󣬷֮УӰ
ͬʱȵӰҲΪһ̹⣬ҲС


1521 ټѰ
һֱĺХһһͷ̵ľ޴צĴз˳
˾޺ͨ鲼ɫëž޴βͻһСɽһ㣬ɢһɻصĿֲϢкȵ֮ޣ𵱳ͷħԨؾĽɫħʬҲضõӡ
üһ¶һ˿ɫ
漴Цһһӣֳܸʮɽ飬һ󣬷׷Χɫ֮С
ʮɽЩʱѲָԡ
ɫһ˫޴Ȼһӣǰɫ̱˺ѿ¶һӡ
ţֻһΣ˺ѳĿУǰӶȥ
Ǿڴ˿̣ɫǰһ󷭹ֳɫԲ飬ɢâǰ
ɫͺһ޴צӰŴĿ⣬ݺץһžԲϣҪƿһȱڡ
Բϻâһûбɫһצɣһɾ޴ķ֮ʹɫһ
ɫ¶ɫȻһתķɶݶȥ
ڴʱɫ򣬻âֳָſ֮ǰһ޶ľɫԲ顣
ʮžԲγһԲȦɫΧм䣬Χ仺ת
ЩԲתΧɫ۳Һһ㣬Բתһɹɾ޴ѹ֮˷ѹɫ֮ҲЩܲסˡ
ɫŭ޼¡
Χɬɫڽвϻ۹ɫŭû档
֮Χһд˿ָ̻ԭվڰգֱߵĻâɢȥ
ǰһСɽɫˮ壬ɫӡ棬˿޷ͷ·еĲӬһ㡣
Ŀһ̧֣һͰ׹⼤ֱӴɫ壬ɫü֮С
׹һָдʣɫâУһööɫģ˳
ûãɫһһöɫԲüĴ˳顣
һУ鱻׹ţС
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˿ɫΪѿɫҰܣոٻɫԪҲǼ
е飬Ŀһת˺ȣִһ
޴ɫȻ壬Ϊʮɽ飬һŵķɻϡ
ȴ˿ȻһɫâУĿ⾪ֵĿƺҪſ˵ȴ޷ڡ
кһһŴĿڹ⣬Ҫնɱȣ˽һ׮ŵ
ڴ˿̣ԱһЩ˥Ů
λѣ˺ɱĸ֮֮ޡɷСŮӡһԵ֪ʱѾ˹һ˫ĿգҲգĿȣ¶һֿ̹ǳޡ
һ漴˲ָɢȥֱߵĺڹ⣬Աƿһ
лѳȫľٶЩ⣬ϲһ
漴ת׿ȣ˫иֳɭȻ⡣
ûзϻһӣȼŰɫķɽмһ󣬺϶ΪһĻΪһ۶Ŀİɫ⡣
ɫԼзתһӰֱǺһӶȥ
ಡһ
ȵͷ­Ϸɳţһưɫ˺ȵͷ­֮ϣȼ
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л֪ѡǿƽתһԵҪлһ
ԿտҲΩɢɫĹ⣬ǸɫӰȻ֪ʱʧˡ
¶֮ɫַһ׹⣬ͺȵʬһɵ˰գĿ⳯Χȥ
ԲʮﷶΧһƬһӰ
¶˸ӵɫüһ¡
ڻոǸɫӰͶ䣬ƺһʶĸоǰһ㡣
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𡭡Ŀ⳯Χȥ΢ţŵ
ΧһƬžûκλӦ
ڰվվƬ̣кķһĨ⡣
ܿչһЦһΪһ׹⣬Զɶݶȥ
Զ΢΢һһֵɫӰֶ뿪ķ򣬿΢΢̾˿˼ԴŮβ֮ʣܲ͸̲صǹɱԴ֮Եջټ
Ƭ֮һתƮȻ뿪

֮С԰ſڣһͨӣ˽
ȻǴ򲨹һ·
Ŀ⳯С԰濴ȥһĶӳвһ˿֮ɫ
һ˲ָƽ΢УʶΧɢתۼ佫С԰档
ڣüһ૵
ʶС԰еĸֽȻͬ裬ҶüǬȻ
ԭĶ˿̱һİʿʹš
λǰΪҪǰ趴ģڴ˿̣һӴӸһʯ˳վſڣ̶Цݡ
ӲǻΪ˿ӦϢ֪ԷҲ浤ʿȻ˲١
˻һۣȡƷʯӸӡ
ӼæסЦݸʢ
λǰ֪кҪЧ͵ģ
Ҫһ¾ٶǰʮźŶϢڡ
ԣ϶ʱ¶һ˿Ϊɫ
ǰС԰ϢһᶼǱܣ͸¶ġЩΪѵ˵
΢΢һЦȡһӸӡ
æסʶ̽Уɫ΢΢һ䣬ʮƷʯ
ҲҪ̫ϢֻǴǰҵλģȴˣҪһǵȥ򡣡˵
Ŵ˻Զʱ˿
ԭǾûʲôˣǰӲɫĽԱߵʯ֮С
ʯһ£߽ʯӦȥˡ
Ƭ֮󣬻һЦһɫᣬ첽˳
һӺ߳С԰üͷ΢塣
Ҫ֪ѾˣڲٶǰҲ뿪Ĵ½ûжãҶüǬ뿪С԰
֮٣С԰Ȼǲ֪ġ
Ҷü˾ʹʧ٣ҪѰǵټ鷳ˡ


1522 ʧ֮
һˣüͷ
ͻȻɫһԺһ֡
ѪѪ硣
ǵõǬʹŮΪͶԵȥѪѧϰǵͼŮ֪Ҷüǵ١
뵽һΪһζݹ⣬Ѫڵаɽɶݶȥ
ѪڵɽǲǺԶĶ٣Ȼ˶ٹ㵽ˡ
ɽһƵɽɣЩɽʻΣмΧ
мĴƬɽϣķֲһſѪɫҲɸߣϽ̨ͤ¥ƣԴ
ĽϮĴ½ĴҲܹԿмЩĽ
˴ΪעĿǣȻ봦ǿѪɫˡ
н֮ߣΧɽ廹ҪԸ߳һЩʶʮִֵۣ֮ϣҲвٸʽʱѪεһӶѲӡ
ʱεվѪɫ֮ǰǰΣ¶ɫ
ǵһǰɽû뵽ԭѪ龰
ҡҡͷʶɢתۼþ̽Ϣ
Ƭ֮ɫһϲһΣʧԭء

Ѫɫһʮֱµ¥
¥֮ڵһУˮƣһŮϥһɫͰ֮ڣͰʢ˵ɫˮ
Ůݰףò䲻ҲǾ¿ˡ
ʱ棬ֻ¶µǺͰǰѩ¡
ŮѪѪ硣
Ѫ˿˫ĿգɢѪ⣬ľͰеɫˮΧ建תˮ𽥱ɫ
Ƭ֮Ѫ˫һĴľͰзɳ
ϺӰһѾһ׺ɫȹۣ㷢Ҳһ˿ָԭӢ˲ģ
ʱոճԡƺá
Ѫ겻û뵽ΪѾﵽ󾳺ڡֻٻЩʱգܹͨˣǿϲɺءڴ˿̣һ֮һƾնһɫӰ
ʲôˣ˴󵨣Ѫɫһ䣬ҲһƳɫӰ˹ȥ
ƬѪɫϼƶڰһƣ̼仯ΪһʮɳѪɫ˺ҧȥ
ѪҡɫӰһ㣬һڹѪͷѪ̶˰С
˵ͬʱӰϵɢֳӰ
㣬
Ѫۼ׾ٵĶסԼѪһҪ󣬾ȵѿڶ
£Ҵ˴ˣҪѯ㣬޶⡣Ҳ֮ˣѪѾͲʹͨ˰ɡ˵Ŀ⿴Ѫһۡ
סһöѪɫָƺҪ顣
Ѫɫһ䣬û뵽Ŀ΢СĶҲˡ
üһſ֣¶һ˿Ц⣬Ҫ˵
漴ƺ뵽ʲôɫ糺һƬЩԥĵ˵Ǻʱ˵ģոûп
ողŴľͰгԡ㵽˴˴ԼǱ⡣
ĳǸոյˣ͵ʲôһֵ飬˵
ʵѵ˴˴ʶһɨ㷢ѪϢҲֻһջʶδ͵һĻ
Ѫ̹Ȼ˵ѵӣ˿
ûʲô˰֣ϵĺϼѸˣָܿԭ
Ѫ´ۣ¶һ˿ɫ
Ҳ֪һʲôѽ׵ܹͨϢǱˡѪüһŭ
ĳѪ˵ע⣬ֻó²ˣѪ֡΢΢һЦ˵
ߣǰΪķϣ㲻ƽ˽֮ˡҿɲƺΪʲôǰģɡѪһ֮ȥ
¶һ˿ǳЦ̧˹ȥ
һ£ѪƢȻЩǲȱָһ衣
лѪЦЦлһ
ߣ⸱飬Щƺòӡʵ⼸üǣԼ͵͵ܵңˣѪһЩŭ˵ֳѵĿǡ
֪Ը񣬲û⣬һϲ
ϲѪӦ֪ŮЩˡ
ЩУȷйһ澭漰һЩ˽͸¶Ҵ˴ιҪѪһüϢƺ뿪С԰֪֪ںδ˵
ѪԣüһƺЩ֮ɫ䵭˵㵱һǰѶϢӴټȫޡüΪѰ㣬ǰΣص֮ʮʱ䣬֪˶ٿࡣҲ֪Ϸ˺£ǷЩΣ
ɫ΢䣬ЩȻ̾˿˵ȷʵµĹʱҲɼѪ¡
üǶ˵٣ѪѸ֪µСС񣬻Ѫ¡֣漴һ£һ̹һ󣬱һͨʴɫڼס
ڼͬһ㣬͸ʮ㣬滹ǶʮĴָСİɫʯΪ財
ڼ֪ĸħһƷײ͵ķΪΪ
ѪĿɫڼϣжʱһ
ȻڼǼõķҪǣʮŰɫʯɢɢ⣬ҫ۶Ŀ
ûֻ֮ǰʧ֮ЩȻԷƺȷ飬ԼһݴҲòˡ
ðɣⱦ׵ķϣҲǲԡѪɿĴùڼףϸ˺һ
һЦǰ֪˵ģŮ˶ĶûеֿһԣȻˡ
üѰ޹Ѫסʿûִ̫ø󷨴ңĸ׶Ȼмӡ
ôЩüѰ㲻ţȴԾ㻹ţӦʲôԡʮǰüڵԵط࣬Ӷ󾳺󣬱ĸ׸ǣóһ纣ۣǰ½ȥˡѪ绺˵
ɫһ̾˿û뵽˵Լţǰ½ˡ
ԼŮʧ֮ۡ
뿪֮ʱ½֣ĸƿնҲ֪ˡ
ԭ¶лѪѸ֪һˣּֽæվָǵ
һο纣ֻжʮʱˣҪ½ѰǣסһʱɡǼɫڼ׵ãѪ̬Ժࡣ
лѪ档ÿɷЦЦ΢΢ͷһӣϷ𵭵⣬һ̱ʧ
Ѫˣɫ΢䣬һ˫ǲ˼֮ɫ
Ϣ˲ʧӰ٣ͨ¥вµĲƲ˿
Ѫ簵ͷ벻ʵѾ˴˵ȵز±мΪߵͨϣԼĸף޷һġ
ѣ벻ͨ໨ѹ򣬺ܿ㽫ͷңңԺ
߽һңȡǼɫڼ׷ϲ̵ķ


1523 
ɽУһռ䲨һӰȻ
һǿþ޴ޱȵĲһ˿ɫ
ȻҶüѾĴ½ҲûмıҪˡ
ȡʯ壬дʣʯϵ·ĳֹ
Ƭ֮һɫĹվҲ֮ɫɢһָֻԭ
ղȻѪע⣬ݹаɽ˹
ѿһˣ·ʲôҲûз
Ѫļʩ̽Ƭ̣ûҵ˿
ⳡССɧҵߴ˿Ѿ֪˶֮⣬³ѪһССš

һºһա
½һƽԭشϿգԭĳͻȻһҷ·궯һ㣬ΧԪҲ֮
һ̣֮ѿһ϶һɫ漤
һɫӰӹзɳ΢΢ЩģЩǱȻˡ
վ壬Ŀ⳯Χȥ¶һ˿Цݡ
ǰĵ棬һַԱĵϤУ˴½ˡ
δ߶ʯƿʱ;Щ鷳һ޴ռ籩ҿΪ֮壬Ӳͦ˹
æ֮в淽һշת£Һûǻص½
ƺϺ֮򸽽
з𵭵Ϲ⣬Χȥ˵
˴ĿгһɵĺϺһ̵ʱ䣬Դ˴ζӡΪ̡
ͻȻüͷһĿһػΪһڹ⣬Ｄȥ
Ƭ֮һĴĳǳسǰ
˳еɫʱһ䡣
˴ĴĳǳѾûһӰƮһŨѪʮͷ˶ڳǳظߣȻ֮Ѿɱ
üͷ壬ȥˣ½֮ٻûжɹ
иܿƻĺۼȱʬ洦ɼѪҲѸɺԣǳرͻϮǰˡ
𣡡
ûΣȻܿ챻еЩ淢֣׷˻ڿն˹
ɫһ䣬ָʮɫ
ЩֻлΪ಻浤Ȼ޵ֿ֮ױ㱻壬ʬڵܲסɽֱ÷ǣӰ׹䡣
Щ棬΢æʶɢ·ĳǳء
Ƭ֮ջʶ΢΢̾˿
ϣǳѾûһϢȻߣǱЩ澡ɱɾˡ
üͷ뿪½֮ǰʩŰƺδϺ֮أȥ½֮ٷǵûжȹΧˡ
治֪½Ĵ̫ˣҶüǬʱ½֪Ƿٲ
˼֮ʱĻ«һ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬«϶ʱ¶һ˿ϲɫ
«֮ϴ˿̸ֳһ㵭ڹ⣬ʶܹӦ«洿֮ӿ˯ʱЫͷɶѵļ
ԴЫͷɶֻؾ˯Ҳˡ
һˣִһڹ⣬û˻«֮С
õ«֮ϺڹţһһŹâԣֳһֻɫЫһ̷­Ӱ
ͷɢϢǰ˲٣ȻѾﵽ۷塣
üһ漴Ȼ
ֻؾУЫȻһֱڻ«г˯һ㣬ǺɱֻؾħʱвɢľգӦñڴԵʣʹΪڲ֪д
ˡ
ЫΪΪһЩܿķΪ˺ɴŮԡ
ɶܿҲסϵ̹⣬Ϊһͯӡ
ˣΪЫ¶ɫ
ɶҲоΪı仯Ŀɿڴ
Ǻǣֻؾڼ䣬ҵõһЩԵѽˡ˵
ЫͷɶŴԣһۣ϶¶˺Ȼɫ漴תΪϲ
һˣԺɾ͸÷ˡ
ˣƺħ½ɣЫΧ˼ۣЩɻʵ
½ΪĳЩԵʣʱҪȷϽ磬ڻصΪ˽һЩ顣˵

ЫͷɶŴ˻Ȼһ
µԺϾٺϸ֮Ҳᶪǵġ˵
ݴ޲TõϢԼӦǿԸԼһͬġ
һЫɶ˿
棡
ɶĿ⿴·ϣնɱʮͷʬɵôе
ĪٻûжɹЫʵ
ҲǸոջصûˡô˵֮ҪŪڵΡĿһ˵
ַһɺڹ⣬Ыͷɶս«漴λΪһڹ⣬һɶݶȥ
Ķ٣̱ɳǧ֮Զ
ȵǣǧڣȻûκ̣ǵûʿӰһЩҲʧһɶ
ɫЩѿѵ½֮پȻ̶ȣ
ɶ֮УɫһĿ⳯һ˹ȥ
ǧ֮⣬һΪǿҵķƺƲСӡ
Ҳˣһ£ݹȻһתɶݶȥ
Ƭ֮ԶԶķ˷ԴͷһƵɽ塣
ԶԶȥɽ֮ԼɼһƬ¥мһʮߵıɢ⣬нУٲȻһģСɽڡ
ʶһɨ֮£ɽ帽һ˳ǳΧۼ԰ټƵ棬ڳųǳطһĹ
ǳϿգٶŮӾۼڴˣȻŮ硣
һŮΪ֮ˣһ磬°ɮ۵ĳŮӣΪȻﵽڡ
Ůļ˸ķһֻľ㣬һѽƣһɫ̨һ顣
ŮΧʮ浤ŮᣬĶǻڣҺ֮ˡ
ļɢ⣬ΧŮɢĹâһɫ󷨣ΪǳεĻС
Χȴͷ֮࣬浤ҲʮͷȻЩ£ռסϷ硣
һҺͷڽɫ֮ϣýɫ¡¡죬ѡ
ԼͷƣٶŮ𾭣һööķķ뷨֮Уӹŷ
ǸŮдʣֲϽһ·ӡԵļɫתĵɫΧڡ
淢ĹȻ֮һʱӦû޷ƽɫ
ٳ̹ȥͬʱʶɨǸŮϣһ˿ɫ
ǸŮòЩϤӡ


1524 
΢һ˼ʱϳ˶Է
ŮǵϺ̫ŵλŮᣬʦ̫
вһ̾˵ҲǴɣ½׵˴Ů
ֻǵʱԼһʦԷʱԼҪ浤ڡ
ʦ̫Ȼأʱһûиı䣬˳֮£ӱƵ³
ķ棬ǽǲˡ
ڴʱһ𣬽һɴСĻɾ޴ʯӳǳزԶĸ߿ֳԼٶȳתۼ㵽˸
һȻѹӾ޴ʯϯ£ûеɫһ
ۿҪݺڵʱʯȴȻ˾ʮɴһת£Ȼѿ
ʯ׷֮£֮ԳΣȴһͷɸߵɫ˰ϹɢӴѹﵽͨ硣
ԭΧǳصʱһֽ֨֨УƺΪ˷ܡ
ʦ̫һŮȴɫ䣬׷¶֮ɫڴ˴һͷ˵ȹƺûие̫⡣
޴ɫͣסһ˫ۿʦ̫ˣ˫һƺҪ
ڴ˿̣ɫһƾոֳ˶ޱȵɫԲ飬Χм䡣
ɫоɫһȸûзκ춯ЩɫԲͻȻˡ
ƿ
ɫԲ鷽һ̴֣źɫȫͬطȻȥ
Ȼһɫϣʹͷɫɫ䡣
ʲôˣ
ɫһſɫ˿۳һɫ廤ʵʵͬʱţһӷ׵ϣֳһʵޱȵɫۼס
¡¡
ž޴Բݺɫ֮ϣɫѿȻƬʱҲûܼ
Բ˿ͣźɫϡ
ɫ﷢һ󾪿ֵĹֺ𣬵漴ȻֹһԲɫͷԴҳ࣬Ԫûлӳ
ͬʱӴ壬Ҳֱӱ޴ļѹײ£ҳһѾ޴ӡ飬ɫѪҺ·ɽ·ֳǳصĽɫϣһ͡졣
Уͷͨɫﶼ޷֮
ž޴ԲһɢڹâзɿСͬʱһڰոֶһ㽫ЩԲϤ֮С
Ȼ
һ۱ϳͷͨ˰ϵɫ䵱ؾҢжʱһ˿ɻ󣬲ֶ̳֣λΣ
ʱʦ̫¶ɫЩ׺ݱŰƵ棬˿ʱж˾⡣
ϾͷͨҢ֣ɱǰ󲻹Ĺ򣬷·Ңǳһ㡣
һ֮ͷΪ׵ȷӦ˹зֵ˻УͷԶӶȥ
һһӣ״ĽɫһŵĴָ⼤һ̣Ѷݳɵͷͷ­֮ϣ׷һ⡣
顱顱֮ͬʱ
ͷͷ­ϰըѿӴĵȥ
ͬʱȫĿ£ٵɫתϯÿһ׼ȷޱȵΧһͷ档
һʣµͷһ⣬御ѿΪѪꡣ
ǰһĻĻ仯ʹʦ̫˸ԭأԭʩĶͣĿõһС
ʦ̫ҲǺһŻعæţɢȥ˽ɫǰһ񣺡Ժ壬ǰлǰԮ֮
ŮҲæ˹ΰ
Ѳض˵ĳܹѶݡ΢΢һЦ̧һ£һǱʦ̫塣
ʦ̫ɼվĻɫʱһ
̧ͷϸһۣϡϳǰ֮ˡ
㡭ǵ곤ʦ̫ЩȷЩŵ˵
ĳǰϳ¹ԶԽȥ̫ţĳҲнճɾ͡΢΢һЦ˵
ʦ̫˻޳ɣ϶ʱ¶˸ɫ
ովͶնɱһͷͨҢ˲Ϣ֮䣬ͷΪ׵ɱʵѾԶԶ֪Χ
ҲǽԷΪ֮ͨеļ߲ζѣĿǰûǰ֮봫˵еڹһ
ˣҲѾ˼ˡ
Ͼ˭ţǧǰһССҺʿ
ʦ̫һп꣬ȴֳϹϾɫæǰΣǰճȣסǰʿͷȥԺ֮֡ǰƲԺСƬΣ
Ǿ͹ˡһЦ˵Ҫ½ΣˣȻˡ
ʦ̫ɫһϲ˼浤ʿ󣬱㵱·ԺһĴʹ
ŵӣڼ浤ŮĴ£ɨǳظЩҢʬ壬رͷͨҢȻ֧飬ͨҢѪֵҲǼ
Ժ֮Уһӿ͵Ϊʦ̫һ֪Ȥĸȥֻ֮ˡ
˿˼䣬㿪żɽʳеʡ
ѣĳҲףмɻҪ̡һڲˮ±˵
ǰ˵±ض֪޲ԡʦ̫һݣ˵
ʵҲʲô£ĳǰ뿪½ֱŵԵءĳ뿪ʱĴ̫Ϊ׵ֵֿ֣ʱ߰꣬ƺ½ϵ֮ٷǵûжɹԽˣ֪˿̾ǺΣô棬ϹҢҲˡһ£ʵ
ԭǰҪѯʴ£ǰܹ뿪½ʵҲһ¡ʦ̫ʣҡҡͷĿЦ
ǰ뿪½ǰ߰ǰ½Ĵ̫Ϊף˴𷴿һս֮ĸ罵ٶĴа޸ǳƷӡͷ壬˴һȱپʦ̫˵֮ǰǳս¶һ˿η壬ƺʱҲڳĿǳս
ĿһȻΪֹ֪ûгԴϣֻǾ
ǳսͷ֮ĸƿռ涴ٴ½˴֮ʣһλܺȻǷʥ꼹ɽĦʥˡʦ̫˵˴¶ɫ˫ֺʮһš
ʵ½ȻҲһλµӴ󶼱ſޣڷ׼䣬Է𷨸л̫ɽ߶ʶӰĴ̫ԶԶ˴ҡ
ǳս֮󣬷ŵλˮǴߣͬΪ֮ˣʦ̫ȻĦʥΪ硣


1525 עһ
ԣü΢΢һԺжʱֳ걻ռѷɵǰһ̣Լ֮䣬ƺȷʵһλ֮ʿӰ
ʱΪȻ޷뵽̫ġ
˵꼹ɽǳˡ
ң뵱Ϊķʦһͷɫ¹ޣȻԺйһ
յĲУһλ꼹ɽɮ
ЩɮˣЩɽ¶ˮ֮ʵڲС
ĦʥΣʩչͨͨƽ֮ĸٴηӡһȿռ䣬ѪĴаޣҲ˼һͬӡʥҲԽǴȿռ䣬ͷڿռ֮д˰ܳȹסӡϣĴ̫ڴڼ䣬½壬աʦ̫˵
¶רעɫʦ̫˵Щ֮£ѾΪ֪ˡ
ȻĦʥӡ˿֮ĸԵûܽ½֮ϵأ
ǳսȻʤգҲδȫ棬ʿ˲أͨܶλνܾˡ
֮ȻĴɱ棬Ǵ½صǵû֮ĸӡŰ½طֳ˼ͨԴԴϵӿ½Ȼûٳڣ󾳣ͨԲʱ֡
Щչս˫ƾУ޷ѹԷʦ̫Ц˵
üͷ΢壬аЩ
ΪһԱ˵ɼĴ½ħ½ǰȶգ½壬ȴڷֿ֡
սʹô½ԭķѲڣ½Ҳ޴仯󲿷Сɢ޶Ĵ̫ڡ˴ңԼΪĸ֮£һЩ˳ǳأҲʼǨΧΪֻŰ»ñӣ档ʦ̫˵˴ɫȻ
Ŵ˻ͷѹһ·ϣûмʲộΨԺԿһˡ
־棬ھһǰЩı䣬ڸһһĻ˿棬˳ӡͳ涴ͨȻۼʤ½ȴٴη˾䡣ʦ̫̾˿
ַ˺£һµ˼ִţǴ㽫ȥʸ
ԼĪһǰ½ϵĹɽпʼһ޴Ŀռѷ죬ЩѷУÿһʱһſǣÿһ֮жһְ˰ϵĹΪ浤ϣеĸǴﵽ󾳣ͨ
ǰҲµˣЩǰżֹҢЩҢƺĳͬһ㣬һ֣ͬˡʦ̫˵
͵̾˿ؾ֮бϹҢŵȻֹĿֲидˡ
½Ҳ˶ⶣһδƽһϮ壬̶Ң
ЩҢļ룬ʹ˺òռĴþٴƣƷˡһ꣬ʧԽԽأڶѾĴ̫ڶԪ𡣡ʦ̫̾Ϣһ˵
벻ƾѶӵ˴˵ȵزЩҢĳ֣²żȻɣüͷ壬ƺ뵽ʲôһ㡣
޴ӿ֤֮ĸѲ˸ϵӦôĳֲɸ˵Լɡ
ʮɽ֮еЩռѷԽԽܼҿʼӣγһѺۡҾڽڣʼЩѷдһɲڵ֮ĸĿֲϢеЩͨƲ⣬һͷʵ֮ĸҢƽˡʦ̫иֳɫ˵
ڴڼ䣬ѵһֱιɽеĿռѷ첻𣿡üͷһ˵
ȻҪܣֻǲ֪ǷɺϣɽΧǡɴĳ涴ͨͻϮʧܸա⣬Ϊ˹˼ɰȫƣӦ֮£һֱڲֶԹɽԼ
ԴӹɽҢϢĴ̫Ѿעһ֯һδˣ׷ӡɽеĿռѷ졣ԺλҲѸڣֻƶһţǰʩԮ֣ԺҲҪڴˡʦ̫Լ˴ٴιһ
ʵû˵ڵǣΪһβɹʵսѾ˲ڼǳأ䳹ˡ
ÿвͬΧȴػʵݣǧ鳹Ϊʳ
Ѳˡˣĳ㲻ڴ˶ൢ飬ҲĴ̫ڣΪжһౡ֮Ŵ˻վ˵
ǰΪͨȻΪ˳һݴģƶҲϣǰһ˳ʦ̫վ˫ֺʮ˵
΢ûнʲô
˴Ӫں뿪Ժһڹ⣬ѸʧԶ
ʦ̫ĿʧЩε̾˿е͵һš

뿪Ժԥһ£ݹֱӳ̫ڵķȥ
ʦ̫У֪˴Ӫڴ½вڻΪһս׼
ڴ֮ǰǾȻһ̫˵
Ϻǰ½ʦ̫ʱ䣬ȫ·֮£̫֮Ѿңң
һ·֮ϣȻ˲ҢŸ·һ·ܱ֮ܣʵڲбųЫͷɶ
ͷʵԸѰҢȻ⣬ʵսͬʱδͻҲкô
̫ڵɽ˿̿ҲѾǰķɽһЩǳطеȶѾرգһӡ
ûɽΧֱ̫ڵɽ
ɽзһüͷһ·֮ϣȻһ̫ŵҲûĵģԵЩ쳣
üͷ΢΢һ壬ӿ˶ݹ⣬ܿڣɫ΢΢һ
ֻ˿̫űһɴɫϼ⣬Уʣֻܿܽľ룬ԶһЩ㿴ˡ
̫һɽӡŻյģ
ѵ̫ųʲô顭üͷ΢壬һ˻Ϊ˽޵ֱ̬ӳɫϼƷȥ
󣬲򳵻ͼһͨ
廯Ϊ״̬ѰĴǰͬ衣
ǣһɫϼ⣬ϼ̷һâһܵĵӽɢȻҲֵ
¶һ˿ɫ建Ϊʵ塣
ɫϼƾȻȻҲ޷Ǳȥ
΢һȡشƣִһڹ⣬֮϶ʱһƬڹ⣬ϼ֮ϡ
ǹ˺һᣬɫϼ˿ûп˼


1526 ټ
üͷһ壬ֹͣʩ
˴ϼȻʩչȫĻʻǿƿģֻһ»ɲС˺ĳˡ
ڴʱϼ춯ƺɽڲ֮˵ע⣬ɫϼһ߹âݹһֳӰ
Ǻˣ̫кιɣ
˵֮ˣΪ׵һӣɫۣͷڣ浤۷ΪԵ༸ҲǻΪ
һ˾ɲĿ
Ŀϣɫһ
û뵽Ҳʶ֮ˣ̫ʱйһ֮ԵĴƷ¬¡
¬Ƕ겻ˡ΢΢һЦ˵
ǡ¬´һɫ仯Ȼʲô
һ̣Щŵ˵㡭㡭
ĳ¬ûȫ¡˵
¬ԵļڵӣϾ¶ɻɫȻû˵䡣
ԣ˵ǰĴսбʧˡ֤֮¬ϵľȻƬ̣ĳʵ
üһеشơ
شơҲпնɱǣ˴ɻܹ֤ԼݵĶ¬ϸһеƣɫһɣЩ䱸˵
üͷ΢壬¬ӦòˣģЩ֮ģϣӦǷʲôˡ
ոջŷʲôͻһϷ˹۳ͷڻߡ
¬Ӧ˵ҵŹ»ǲȷҲʩչһشѧ̫ġ˵һĨɫâֱߡ
һ̣һɫâֶûĽɫӰת˲֮䣬ΧΧǧٵɫ
ڤ򹦣̫¬Ŀһ漴ɫ˵ͷ
ûȷˡ¬˵ţּһ̡
û֮Уֶǰ
¬¿дʣʢһִһûǰɫϼ֮С
ϼĻţȻĴмѿһɴСһͨͨ
һЦ˹һΣϼ֮ڡ
ɫϼ΢΢һͨʹ˱պʧ
¬¿¶һ˿ЦݣҪЦ˵׻ڴ˿̣ɫһ䡣
˿ȻվǰһɵĵطȻӦ˿Ϣųʶ̽飬ǰһ㣬
¬´ʱе𺳿֪浤۷Ϊ޷֪˿Ϣ
ֻֿܣûĳڸϢ⹦ǱΪԶԶԽԼﵽˡ
ȻƫڵһֿԵġ
ֹﱾʮֺҪס浤۷ʿģǸ֮ˡ
һˣвЩԲ׼
겻¬¬ЩȻµ˼ֶԷ룬ֻ΢΢һЦĹ˵
Ҳһ뵱ǳս֮УвٵӲռѷ죬ӴѶȫޡԸոռʱ򣬱ϸһЩҲΪȷһʧ¬Щε˵
⵹ûʲôλҲǾҾѡЦһ£Ϊ˵
¬½̸֮ʣĿϹתĳɽɨһۡ
Ŀֻһɨ֮£Բǧڵ㾡۵ס
ԭ̫Ե壬ֻһӶѲߵϼƵĸߡ
¬֪ſУջĿ⣬üͷ΢ʵ
ǰѾ챾ڴʿ˴Ӫ׼ɽˣֻش˴¬˵
Ѿ뿪ˡѹɽ֮ˡüһ漴˵ͷ
ǷָڹϽôûзɽţǰƽ̴ָһˡ¬½
ãл¬ָ㡣˵һ䣬ϺڹһΪһ磬ɽ֮ڷɶݶȥֻǼ㳹ʧԶʡ
¬¼ˣһݣжѾ󾳵Ĳ²ȷż֣һʱЩԭ¶һ˿ɫ
֪֮ʣһ·ᵤֱ浤𺳵Ըˣж֮ǰ飬Ϊڡ
ٴγ֣ΪԼﵽ󾳣Լȴһֱƿ޷ͻƣȽ֮£мֿЦ֮С
ջĿ⣬ε̾һûԵļڵӺĿ⣬żˣɽŽƸѲ

ڷɳ¬ĿⷶΧ󣬱Ż˶٣ʶɢױɽ
һ̣Ȼһʹͣ˶ݹ⣬ȴ¶һ˿ɫΣмϲӡ
ͣƬ̣һתһȥ
֮ӰһѲߵ̫ŵǰ
һѲߵ¬ûʲôҲˣӵһŮһˮۣüǣòرһ˫Ȼ⣬ͬ˵һ㣬ȡ
Ůס˵·ü΢壬Ҫ˵һǰ֮˵òŮ΢΢һȦɼ΢΢
ϣôˣԱߵһڻӿŮӵ飬Ȼʵ漴Ŀ⿴ǰȻֵӣüͷ
ʲôӳȵϧû˵꣬ǰѾһ֣һƬɫâƾնӺλѲߵһ棬γһɵ塣
ɫԲ֮Уκ촫ˡ
ҲûǸɫԲ򣬻ֻ֣ǾĿǰŮ촽ᶯ˼£һˡ

ŬŵỨҲ̲ס˳˹һ˽С
¶һ˿˫ȴΧ£§ס˻еĽ
ϵǳļŮ֮УΪεıŮˣԼ˻Լһ߱߰ꡣ
˵뿪½ı⣬ǲô˵ΥԼĳŵ
ԲЩһֱһ̫šܵе˵
ոյľٶѾ˲˵ע⣬ûãѲСӷ˹˴ɫһ
о˵æ뿪Ļ
΢΢һЦȥ۽ǵˮɫһ죬סƣסƺҲԸɿһ㡣
оסƵȣ΢΢̾˿ûб¶
ǡһѲСӵ浤ӿòʱЩȵѿڶ


1527 
浤ӣǸٸİŮӡ
ת׿ȥĿ΢΢һ԰ٸòЩӡƺǰһ翷ŵӡ
ٸ֮Χ̫ŵӶʱһ˽ĿϺĿȥ˵Ŀ⣬ȴϡ
⼸ѲСУƮĵӣ֮ǰȻ˵йӵ֮ľɫϵһЩԣ֪ǰһ˫ް£̫жպ֮ϧһսͻȻʧ٣˵䲻
ĴɽҲٵЩš
һһ˪ȻһͶͱϰٸк֣Χ˲඼µݡ
ҼǵƮʦðɡһЦ
㣡ٸ´
겻ʦΪƺдܷȽǼŵȷųٸ˵ţ̧һָԱߵǸתĻɫ塣
ЩȻʧЦһɫʱɢ̫ŵһĵײ
סκ󣬿ĿǾ֣رǸԲѷĻӣһη˵Զ
ΧѲߵȷݺ󣬴˿ҲͷӶ
˾Ǵϵ˫ް£ò֮ͨ
գֻ֪ſιӿλʦֵǱŵ浤شӣΪѾﵽ浤۷ˡ
϶˹˵ѾǸ󾳵Ĵ֮ʿˡ
󾳣Ҽǵñ콣ɳͨ쳤ϣЩһֱڿ׷ϵģˣɳûʲôϣˡ
δ͵ΧЩޱȵĴУɫ΢΢һ
ʦֹȻΪ걾ŵķ뿪˱֮ãȻô˼ǵ㡣ٸһЦ˵
¶һ˿Цݣû˵ת׳һȥ
ݹٶȼķƺһѲСӷĶ˹
֮һ꣬òӢֻǿЩй֮ԵŴҪԵɳͨ졣
ɳͨ쿴Ӱɫʱһ漴գɫʱüΪѿ
Щ걼ִɱս֮£ΪչʮѸ٣Ѵﵽ浤ڵΪϵҲǲƣǶһ浤۷ʿҲǲضõġ
ƴΪһΪΣҪгһһϳ̡
߰ٶһֱ䲻д䣬ɳͨЩʧͬʱҲмϲ
ʶЩһֱûж϶׷
ȻһֱȻţһֱ䲻ǣΪֻҪԼ֣һջתġ
˴˴ɽɳͨԭҲҪŴǰȥΪѡΪԳûЩչû뵽ȴǰ龰
ɳͨɫ࣬һеķŭѹ£һԷɨȥͫײһ
ڼʶ޷̽κϢ
ĿɳͨһۣƿĿ⣬ﲻ˵ĵطǻǻطɡ
֮ã˵ͷ
һҪ뿪
ڴ˿̣һһǰȴɳͨԵһ콣ӡ
ɳͨһĸոմ¸״ۼɳͨɫѿԸµĳ˳סˡ
֪ʦһָϷԸҵѲɽ£ǲɽŵģ£ӿɫȻĺǳ
ΪֻǻڣȻӦΪһɳͨΪܣͨŵǰٻˣȻͨͨİӣûС

ɫȻһ䣬һӣһɾƾճֱ֣ӽǰֱӾɣµµһʮͷǿסΣһͷĿѣҲǱģ
ͬʱһǿޱȵѹɢʵһֱѹɳͨϡ
ɳͨһɫ䣬ŵŵʮվ壬Ǿ塣
ΧѲСҲٵܵһЩɫ׷״䡣
ɳͨڼʶ޷ѹ亹£漴һƬҰܣŻȻΪԶԼ֮ˡ
еķߺ޼ʺʧ٣̾˿ֳңң˵һ䣺ȻѻصţԺúöԴʦá
˵˻תͷҲصĳԶɶݶȥԵļ˼ˣæɫ̵ĸȥ
ѲСӼˣҲ׷ʶȤɢǸ翷İٸҲȻ뿪˴˵ء
ҲȵĿոɢѹѾ󾳵ĲΣΪҲֻ浤ڣ޷׼ȷжϡ
߰ɡ
еľȣ֣˻Ϊһڹ⣬Զȥ
Ӻ翷ǰ
֪Լ̫еĶǷڣҪҸĵطҲ޷ֻƮס
˵⻹ͷһĶ
˴ڲõļΪ£Լһļ򵥷ྶͥ
Ըһ裬
ԭǧҪߣ˿̶ԶһʱȻ֪˵ʲôˡ
֪֪Щ꾿ںδΪεڲŻصš㲻ʣҲҪϸġĵһЦ˵
ס֣Ҳ̤ʵ࣬΢΢˵ͷ
֮ĸǳս֮Уһռѷ죬δ͵˲׺֮򡭡
ʱ㽫걻͵˲׺֮֮շתĴ½Լħ½֮£Եõ˵һ顣
һЩ֮£ֻؾԼϽ֮ˣԭʼħ֮£δἰֻ˵ԼĳؾĿ£ջɱһͷ˴½ķ
һص½ûϵﾹ˾˵󣬲̾˿
ǲڶʱڷӡɽĿռѷ죬һ彵٣ľҪʹˡĵ̾˿
ĿһողδἰΪ֮£ɽȻһҪȥġ
ˣһ˺˵ʵʮǰҶüʦ̫ţҲΪѰѾ˱šĿ΢˵
ԭѾ˱ţǾͺáŴ˻в־ϲͬʱҲǲɴ˿
½ҢأһֱΪҶüǬİȫ
һ޺֮ǵǰɽˡ
ҶʦΪŷΪ˿䳤ϣҲѽᵤɹһѳΪžصסŵĽƴ󣬱ּԸƵġ˵


1528 
Ƕȫͺá˵ͷϸֳ˼ο֮ɫ
зһ⣬һŵĲĵĵ˵ҶʦƽزϲΪͬƴԵʣ̸ͦܿóҶʦ塭ҶʦЩ꣬Ҳһֱڵ㡣
ҡ
һ˿֮ɫƺҪ˵ʲôһʱ֮䲻֪οڵӡ
ʵЩദǢҪһ𡭡Ҳ⡭ȴһָֹסֹɫ΢ĵ˵˵һʱ΢š

ԣ΢΢һȣס̶ָֻС
ɫϾид̾˿
ԼҶü֮䣬ȷôһ״С
飬ڵԪʱﵽĳĴ½ط֮ʱһš
գ׼һ֮ͬʱȴʣٴ硣
ҶüΪԼӦǰ½һŵĿ޾꣬Զ½
ԼҲ类ڤڤеһεǣš
ƴϺٵ½
֮вٵĽҲ˲ٵİ޾ֱ֮£һֽԼνԵַǳ壬ҡ
ǵԼʧٺ󣬴Ů̫һȱ߰꣬δģ䲻ĴΣģȴһֱ˹һĸж
ŮԼν壬ʯĳ᲻֪
ֻԸʹȻԼһһֱеǳЩأԼˡ
ԣǱʶһֱԼĸ飬ĵ
ǧУõ
ʱһ汾޵УӦÿԳԼ˺УԼΪҪˡ
ϧ첻Ը
˵컯Ūˡ
ʱΪնɱԭʼħ˾˵ķ֮䣬Ӷֱӵ½編֮ų⡣
Լ½ʱ䣬ֻвꡣ
ԼǷܷɹŮĿǷ޷ˡ
ȻˣҲԸӱܡ
а¾˴Ң֮һˣʱ⣬ԼܺúŮ
һˣʹΪҲЩʧ
Ƭ̺عʵںδҸոʶ̽һ£ƺС
üɽˣԭҲҪͬȥҵʴ󷨶ҢЧ΢ʶʦڣš˵
ԣüͷ΢
˴δս²֮ǰǴεֿ֮ĸɶ٣ҶüȻѾһ󾳽ޣȺս֮Уδȷݵġ
¹ش½ΣҲǰɽΪ˳һһ£˵
ͬʱһƽ֮£Լ֮£Ǿȴ˼ˣٸ֪
ҺһȥסƷסĴ֣Ȼ˵
ɫһ
촽΢˵Щʲô֮ʱȴĻˣٶңսܣҲҪ빲
ֱĿᶨ֮
ðɣ͸ԣǧҪжҲûԥ˵ͷĴӦ
϶ʱһϲָ
ˣķôˣʦǷڣȻ뵽ʲôʵ
ʮǰأ󾳣δءʦͬŴһͬˡ˵
˼ĵ˵ͷˣΪġ
ˣ߰ɡ˵һĳ˶
һڹס˶˵ΣֱӻΪһڹˡ

˶֮ʣλڴ½ɽӪѾڴˡ
ɽ֮Уۼʮʿ
Աһ֮ĸսҲѷɫ
ЩʿѾ½ģҲս
һսҲΪıˮһս
սǲһٷӡɽĿռѷ죬ֻһ;һɱ֮Ӫ֮С
պ
Ĵ̫Ϊ׵˸߲һ£ʮʿΪλȻİεض𣬺ƺƵɽȥˡ
һʱ䣬һҾͷ۷ɳڱ˴գƾ֮
ʿ˴ģľٶȻסҢ
½ʩŰҢҲѷ׷׷˼ǰկǷ׷׳Źɽۼȥ
Ң;ϵϮƺĽ̡
˴ʿѹ׵ıֶξ֮£ЩҢȻݺ㣬޷赲Ųˡ
˴ǰʮҰɳľͷۡ
۷Ϊ㣬ͨĳֽƣƺأʵӯ㡣
±ӡƶƣڷɢɫ⣬Ʋ
һźɫڣ濴ס
Щ칤ƵĳսսиԻΪɸߵľͿܣʶ˵浤ʿͬʱٿطɴ߶ЩںĴսŽÿһսӳսһʿҷˡ
˴ƯһʮɴСĺƣ֮УȻվɫսףֳָ꣬ȳеĺɫˡ
ֻЩ¶ļں·һ߾߸ʬһ㣬ͷ­֮Ȼźɫͷȴֻ¶ףЩȴһ˿ѪҲޣɲ
ЩħƵηȻʵǿֻҺս߲൱ڻڶѣЩʤڶ࣬ηʹ㱻֧飬ҲħʿĲٿ£ǶԿһ
̫źͺȻԺҲЯֶΣδ¶ǰ
ɣ˴ңȣȸҲΪδս׼زȻûлˡ
˵ǹעһ˴ʿ߰ɶܹɹӡɽĿռѷ죬Ҳ
ǰһ칤ھ֮ϣʮ۵̫ۼڴǰļװϡ
Щ˺Ȼ浤ԼΪʿ
ɱ߰УȻʧأǴ˵ϯ½սֺγǧѷĪԵȻٽһӵΪ
̫У浤ĳϣаϣ½ġ
ҲǴˣһսز۵أԽԽ٣¾ɽ棬Թˡ
Щ̫һʿУշƣɵ˶λС
˴δս˸߲սЩˣǱսĹᲿӡ
ȻҾϲ̫ţҲɳ浤ʿ
ھɽԼĪг̣һʿʱ¿еԼбչشеȺľһ


1529 ʯ
ھһ䣬һɫװŮվڴˡ
Ůò޾ףһɫװһȾȴԵЩ䡣
ȻʮǰĴ½˿纣죬հ̫³Ϊ䳤ϵҶü
бһɫһӡ沼һˮƣͨת·ˮڳ㣬ȻһΪѵõ
ΧʱһҵĿ⳯ɨȻǱòʿ
ҶüΧĿδһ˫Զգ֪Щʲô
Ҷʦ㣬ôһڴˣЩʲôأһöŮ䱳ȴһŵɫۣĿ续ŮЦ˹
ʦˡֻ룬֮Ĵս󣬲֪Щˣܻж١ҶüջĿ⣬תշƣǳǳһЦĵ
Ů֮䣬ƺΪӡ
ԴҶüǬ̫źƽҲͺշƴŮЩ߶һ䵭һǧ֮ģ
ţһЩϣҲǲЦ
˿΢΢չһЦ·һѩȻŰ㣬˵ΧЩ͵֮ˣշҲһ΢΢㱡
Ҷʦ㾫ƥ֮ĸǶͨ棬ҲǲضõġȹսԵݡշ΢΢һЦ˵
лʦüԡҶüĿ΢лһ
Ҷʦ㣬뵽һˣķʦܡϧǰʧˡڣӦҲɽӵбȼͨʵˣ˴δսɶϼʤ㡣շƺ̾Ϣһ׷ɫ
Ҷüԣһ˿׾ɫû˵
ҶˣҶʦ뱾Ųʮ֪꣬ʦܵġǱһλشӣһͨĽޣһޡշƼҶüû˵ŷԼǰЩʧ̬æԽ͵
ԭˡҶü΢΢ͷ
̫ź󣬲δ¶ݣ֮⣬Ҳδ
ʱշƺҶü˼䣬ԷƺЩģ˸ɣȥˡ
ҶüĿշȥвɸֳӰ̾˿ûת߽˾֮ڡ
ۼҶü뿪װ壬Χ˲ɵ̾˿һʧ䡣
еǰЩŸɵľӢҲļᣬܿعæȥˡ
Ҷüһ󣬺ܿ˾ڵһ䣬ִһһ׹⣬漴鿪
˽ȥһ˿̷֮УһŮת׿˹չһЦǬ
ôˣҶü΢΢һЦֹ˷ţ˽
ΪʶĴ½廷ŵĻദȴΣķ֮ĥѣá
һҾϳصĶ֮ͻϮ󾳼浤ʿǬҶüЩ֡
Ҷˣ͵͵˹ѵ𣿡ǬһЦ˵ĿԴ˼ֽƤ
ҶüһǬԴȴѵõһ˿͵Ц⡣
Ϊ½ҵˣ˭֪ͷһաǬ뵽ʲôü΢޸п̾
ضţڿ½δսǻûϢǱ뿪̫ţ취ȥطҿɡҶü˵
Ǭ΢΢ͷġšһ
˶̫Ų̫֮Уֻ˲Ż̫š
Ҷ㣬˴δսʵ֮ڳ֣ҲͽԼӵǡǬһ˵
˵Ȼûֻǵʱ涨ȻңܷҲδ֪ˡҶüɫȻ˵
ѿǺˡǬ¶صĺٺһЦȡһԲεİ͸ɫʯݸҶü
ʯһݽȥͱ־ܿһȦȦģƺĳ󷨵ơ
ǣҶü˹Щɻʵ
ܹŵƵһִʯ顣ǴʯֻҪһ飬Сʹͷ㴫һضλãҷõʯڡһ˴֧ǱԴ˷߰ɡǬ˵
ҶüĿһ漴˵ͷʯ
Ƕ壬ǱϾ½ʱ̫̣ȻҲûҪһͬͬĴ㡣
һ½ȥǿѰһطһο纣֮ڵǱ㷵Ĵ½跨ǰħ½Ҷü˵
Ҷ㣬˵ǷҪ㣿Ǭһʵ
֮ǰҲ޵ĺ£ƺ̫и飬Ըʹ뿪һ̬޷ƵزӲҲҪ뿪ġҶü˵
Ǭԣͷ
Ҷü˽̸ʱ˴֮еһҾͷ۵ĳڣ˴˵ĸ߲㣬ۼ˴˴
ΧмȦ
˸߲Ĵ̫ΪףʶĴ̫ڵͨھȦ֮ˣţȦ
̫㣬ǣλ̫ͨϳ϶ڴ˴һλľճڰǰһս֮Уʧȥھ
λ棬Ҳڴ˴ɫλȦС
̫⣬칤ڣħڣȻԺ̫ڵͨҲڴ˵أбȣ˴ҵ̫ϳϺţʱڣܹԼĪʮ˾ۼӡ
ɵͨҲ̫һȱϯߣһζԿ֮ĸʱԼĪλͨܡ
ڳ֮ȻһĿȻ˭ûἰ
ڵٶȣգҵȱִܵɽˡսλټڴˣҪȷһ֮Ĵս𡣡칤һλȿ˵
Ů˳ˣ䲻칤ڳͨʵΪ֮ˣڿһ輫½֮ҲǾøʢ
һڳ֮ɫһࡣ
֮ǰ飬ӡռѷ㽻̫źͺȻԺ֪׼ˣħڵһλ߿̫ϺͺȻԺͨڣʵ
λϷģڰǰӡռѷҪĽƴ׼һӦҲ뱸̫̫Ͽ˵
˴ηӡռѷĽƷ̫һλʦŻ£ϷЩ̾Ϊֹ֮У˼һˣϷҪúúʹŮ̽һ󷨴ֻҪλͨͬʱʩɳɹִɽλҪȡһʱ䣬Ա㽫ռѷӡɡȻԺһü˵Կλʦ֮顣
Ȼ׳϶˵ˣҵȱˡ֮ӡ֮±㽻λˣҵȱ㸺ȫɽҢλԴ˿ɻк칤˵˵ͷ˵
֮Уͨһ󣬱׷׵ͷʾͬ⡣


1530 ս
ӽտʼ;Ң𽥼ˡӦЩ淢ִ;вͨ㽫ȫʵۼڹɽҵȴչսˡ˵Ǳ
ǰò˿仯ֻԭʱҫǹʱʧ٣ɢϢȴԵȻΪ꾫˲١
ЩҢʱĥϣ໥֮Ѿĳָϵˡӭǵģ½ǳս̫ϳ˵
һڳ֮˾ɫһ䡣
˴ξۼڹɽҢǴ֮ĸսҪ֮࣬ĸӡνȺףҵĸ֣˼Ϊ
Ң֮Ҳһнָֹϵⷽûʲôˡ
»ֻƲ⣬޷ȷɡȦУ˴ҵһλͨǿЦһ˵
ҵȻǶΪãʡĵʱ򱻴ֲħں۾߳˵
սغ½鰲Σвɵġ칤˵
λͨڼˣȻ͡
λˣҵȴ˴εĿģҪɽҢֻ֧ŵռѷӡɼɡ̫Ͽ˵
ˣԹϸһ£սƻǷ©칤ڵ˵
ۻֳһʱŽɢ
̫ͨ뿪ҷۺص̫һҾ֮еһڡ
˴ļƻ˷ɹӡռѷİջǲСġƺ˿˵
Ѿȫ׼ȡѹֶΣǵƾɽҢӦ޷ֵǵжֻǴ˴ĵ˲ǣǿռѷһͷҢȴüͷ΢˵
ĿǰҢƺƿգвʱղŶԡɫһ˵
ûУһǶַӡǴռѷ죬Ͳ˵ˡ̾˿˵
λ棬ˡһ䲻ʵĻǴ˴սʧܣͷҢٵ½ҵҪô죿ԥƬ̣ʵ
½֣֮Ҳк֣ȷ̫ŵĵͳʹ˶Ͼġû˿仯Ȼ˵
һ漴׹
λ׼Ҳˡ
һˣԭеһ˿ǣҲ֮ɢȥ
У̫ŵĵͳ½ҪҪܶ࣬ȻλѾһеĴ㣬ôҲٹʲôȫͶⳡս֮ˡ
˴г̣ܵҢϮԽԽ٣оٶȻ֮ǰտࡣ
֮һԲľ޴ɽưĳ˴ǰǹɽ
ԶԶȥһƬƬ޴ĺɫɫƯɽ֮䣬֮Ȼ֮Ңƺڵȴӡ
Ӷ࣬ҢֻռһС֣ЩҢΪ浤ϣöԸ
ɽһװ֮⣬Ҳƺ˲ϵĺʲôһ㡣
˴ھɽʮﴦͣ
һɵĴȥʮʿѸгɲͬĶΡ
սʿ֮ĬҲ˲٣תۼתͣͬѵصһ㡣
սڼ϶һƬȻɫһָʾԥĸ֮ǰսţĹ
˴Ĵɸ߲˿̾ۼһ𣬿ɫء
ħڵľߴ˿дʣǰһڹžǰ֮ĸսбùĿ쾵
쾵Ϲâת£һޱȵĳֶ˵Ŀۼȥ
ֻһȺɽŵĲã֮УبҾ޴ޱȵĿռѷ죬ִĿ֮С
ռѷʱ΢΢ƺһڲϷһ㡣
ѷÿһ£㷢һװľ죬ԵҲ󼸷֡
ռѷһͷҢѾжˣ֪жòƿս١ҵҲٵˣж칤ɫѿȻ˵
ɫ̫ÿ׷׵˵ͷ
ʮ˴ܿ쿪ʼжһź֮£ʮͬʱɽȥԶԶȥ·һʮﳤľ޴ͷһ㡣
ͬʱɽ߿ĺУЩҢƺõʲôһ㣬̴ɽ֮м·һΣӭ
ܿ죬˫ڶ̱ӣսһ
ǰǼʮҾ޴칤ڳս
ս֮ϣһ˷漴ĸֶһâת£սѸޱȵĻΪһɸߵľͿܣͬһʵʰĻ·һ׼͵һ㡣
ҢĺڹĻϣֻһâ֮в浤󾳵ĸ߽棬ЩͿĹĻ쳣˿Ϊ
ʮսܣͬһľˣޱȵĳ֮С
󶼱޴սܵĹֱײѹ
˴ʮҳƿΪͷ˺ҢΧߣŹɽͦ
ҢҲ޷˿ֵ˴нŲ
ת֮䣬ʮͻ뵽˹ɽʮٶ˿ʿ߰
Ŵ룬Ͽ֮ӿҢϻΪ֮ǰǿϲ٣˴
˴࣬ħڵĵǰ棬ɫ磬һƬ
һЩΪߵһǺɫ磬̱סһļ
ʵ̫࣬浤Ңļ룬вͻΧ˸ǰ
ЩʱҢɱһڶ࣬ҺηҲǿסҢĹ
˴Ҳ࣬һӶʿʮ׹ȵķ󣬽浲档
ЩʿȻǺȻԺˡ
˵սȻЧһǱܲ϶ٹͻɽˣֻҪЩѷӡסսĿıﵽˡ˴һƬ֮ϣħڵľ߿ΧΣһЦ˵
Χͨڣ칤ˣ̫棬ȻԺ׷ߵˡ
Щ˿˵˴ʵƿߣɵͨڣѾǲ˴ˡ
ⶼ̫ŵλ󷨴ʦսķƸĽһҲóȻս΢΢һЦ˵
ĪλǬ󷨴ʦѹս֮ϵĻĻ˼ˡȻԺ׳һۣʵ
λѹˡǺһЦ˵ȴмֵ֮ɫ
սȻΪ˳ҲܵģҹЩҢܿжˡ˳ѵ
ԣɫһҪ˵Щʲô
ڴ˿̣˴ǰȻһĻ漴ҹɽ˴
ͨڿʼжˡɫһ˵


1531 
ȣƺԴԤϡ
ĻҹɢѹԶ󾳣֮ΧеͽҢľ紵öҡڡ
תۼ˵˴ǰ
ڴ˿̣һһмֱӭ˶Ļҹ⡣
顱죡
ҹһֺ󣬱˫˫
ҹȥȴͷɳģ棬һһݹҲ֮ɢ¶ӰһһŮͨڣƺڰ˴ҡ
˫һԷһԲļҽ
ɾҵķ˴˽֯ʱγһľ޴ʵСҢǶеĻʱ÷ǡ
ɳͨסԷ˴ͣļŹɽȥ
ȻûǰԶǰɽͬʱһɽѰĺ
޴ɽʯ·֮£ƿٴδ
ֻҸĵɫâ˴˶
˵âÿһɢϢѷڸոյͷͨ档
ͨ棡ԣҢɫһ䣬Ȼվ
ЩҢѾˣλ׼ɫҲһ仯
˵⼸գۼ䣬˴ǰɢȥ¶˰ͷ˰ϣӴޱȵɫҢ
ЩҢʻε˴ǰδ˴Ӧϱš
͡ƿ
ЩҢͬʱɫϸ˿ڵס˴գ˴ǰʮƿֶ¡
ɫϸ˿ɿֶ£˴ǰʮͷսͿܾ¡
Щɫϸ˿ٶȼ죬ʮͷƿ˲䱻Щϸ˿߰Ȧϣһ£Ȼײϸ˿ͣƬ̺󣬱㱻סˡ
󷽵ʿɫһ䣬̳Щ˿ɫͬЩ˿֮ϡ
Щ˿Ϊͣ޷ݻ١
ΧҢۼͣ˷ܵĺУһһĳ˴˹
ʮʿۼ˾ʱҲɧҲЩҡ
ڴ˿̣ϢĶݹ˴мǰͷҢȥ
һ貽󣬾ֱͷҢ˿ȥ
һֳһӰǺȻԺ׳ϡ
ǰһɫ伮貵ĽǴɢ
ɫ伮ɢһǿ֮ķ򲨶˱ȻǵŴֹ֮һεĺȻԺ֮
׳Ͽдʣһڽɫ伮֮ϡ
ɫ伮ɢĽȻǿһҲɿǴתۼ仯ΪɴСľ޴ᡣ
һɫ伮һ´򿪣ɫΧֶ
׳ɫصָһ㣬ЩɫһΪһŶĽɫ򣬳Щɫȥ
¡¡
ɫײɫϸ˿֮ϣ̷¡¡죬Щƺ̺һ˿֮̽Щϸ˿նϡ
֮䣬˴ǰɫϸ˿㱻մˡ
ɫЩ԰ףȻɫ鱾ҲǼ

ʱ˿̣ɽĿռѷ츽ĳɽ֮Уɽȡ
ɽ룬̾һͷڰɫ֩ģ档
쳣Ӵ󣬰ڰľ֧ɵɢϢҲǼΪӴ󣬱ѰͨҢǿ
ڰΧ̾ʮӴɫÿ֮кȻһͷͨ棬Ժڰ棬һǲĸо
ɽһߣվͷ޴İ˰ҢɢϢȻҲͨ硣
˿ɽ֮Уһ޴ɫĻϳֳ˴˿̵սȻԺʩչһ֮һٽͷͨҢı˿ջ٣Χͨʿļ룬ͷҢٴα
ۼ˾ɽ֮еͨҢһɧҡ
ҪţֻƾǼǿ󷨱ǡܹҢѡڰĿо˸£ԵĻ˵
Ŵԣͨ԰
ĹƱԤϵĻҪҺܶ࣬Щ˺赲ǵĲˣǽȥǺãһͷɫ׳ģͨ˵Ŀ˵Ŀ⿴˺ڰ档
ҢҲ׷׽Ŀ⿴˺ڰ֩档
ڰ֩û̻ش̧ͷ­һ˫ۿеĿռѷ졣
һ޴ĿռѷɢĹâڲϵ֮Уѷоۼһƣ̼ΪۼԲ
λߴ˻жòܴͨռͨ½ڰһ£Ŀ⿴ǼͷͨҢʵ
һͷͨѩ׵Ңԣȡһɫ̣ſһâ棬Բ֮ϵ̴ֳһŰɫââ֮Źֵ·˵˵һ㡣
ߴ˻ظ˵ҪԼĪһչ⾰ɳͨռ䲢ʹ٣⣬һʴҲһͬˡƬ֮ѩҢ̧ͷ˵
ʴˣãֻҪˣȻĦ϶֣ҲڻˡڰĿһ˵һ䡣
λոյĻشҶˣֻټһգʺߴ˶ή˽磬ʱҵȵʤҲҪȡһյʱ䡣ڰηɵɽȰգ˵
ɽ֮УҢӦ
Ƭ֮ʮӰͼɽ֮зɳڼȥ

Ҷüɫװӭңɫ˪дʣָһӡ
Եɫɽһʮɳľ޴ɫâӰռ£һͷնȥ
зһ˻𣬴һţһڹȻһסɫâ
Ҷüйâһдʣнһ䡣
ɫâΧâһƾոֳ˵Сһɫâһģԣһʡ
¶֮ɫϷɫâѾˡ
ɫâȻնΣɫѪҺɢɽ
ҶüһУɫɽͰ˵âͬʱأ衣
Ŀ⳯ΧȥҲһ˿ɫ
˴ʿҢɱѾȫ˰Ȼʱʿ֮ʱĲҽ֮
ʱ˿̣˴ɽѾȥ˴յʱ䣬սΪңɽС򱻴սݻ١
һʼʮҳƾΪìͷĹ˹ɽ
𽥹ɽҢķԽңƾľͿܵĽƻ֣Ҳڻǽ湥ƣ漴һɱʮҳƿܾݻٴ
û˳սûìͷֻúҢչɱһһ㳯ɽĿռѷ֮ƽ
˿ս˵ķռƣ˴Ңʧء

ͷ浤泯ҶüȻҧ¡
Ҷüü΢壬ϺɭȻޱָ
ವһ
ԵɫâͰ˵СĽӰɾգ۹ͷһ
ۣ촫
ͷ浤嶸ȻѿΪѪҽҲûܷ㱻Ҷüնɱ


1532 
ҶüоĸʱʱϣӰΧĹϤֵ
ʱһ·һɫ㣬һζ֮Ƭеͽ漰Ңâֱӽɱն飬һѪȵ·
Ҷü󾳳Ϊʩչ֮ȴȻΧ֮˷׷ײĿ
ʩչҲǲС˿ɫЩ԰ˡ
ҶüΧ֮ˣȻǸŸɵһʿһΪҲǾס
û˳ս·ֻܽЩʿ˴ǰס糱ˮӿĹͬʱ󷽴ٵ·
ȻƾǻɱһһҢԴԴϵҢ̲ȱڣʹ˴ƽ쳣
˫սĸ߿֮УʮâԷɢڸײʱһѰľ졣
˫ͨһʱƾе̬ơ
˵ҢͨڱһҪϲ٣ͨһǸ죬зһһͬ˴óֺϻ֮ռŵĶԷ˿δ·硣
رĴ̫ڵˣ棬׳ϣԼħں۾ˣűŵ֮չһжһҲ˿·硣
˿߶һɫȣûһɳľ޴ͷͨһ
̫ŵ֮ȣ
޴ҡװβƣˣһƬɫצӰ³ɫƺˣͷͨɱ֮£˿δ·硣
޷ش֣ȴԷƵýڽڰˡ
зɣУʵȴǽ֡
˵ؾɽռѷ֮ѾԶԶߵЩĿĵĿռѷ죬ѾԼɼ
ͨӴʶȻѿ˼ֲ
λЩˡʩչ֮Χͨ˵
˴˿칤ڵ֮һ˽ǻɫԲ̣䣬׵ס˶ͷͨһͷͨҢĹ
ԣüͷһ˵ﴫϢԽԽӴˣսֽţǲȥˡ
ҵȾռѷ촦ѷ츽Ӧûк֣˿ʵʩƻ᲻Щ߲֮ٿŽɫᷨ⣬סǰͷͨҢ˵
ˣˣ˵˶
ǰڵƽٶȣûаչ򵽲ĿĵءʱΣɲ˵ˡħھߴ˿̲ٿһ׹ħᦣסͷͨ棬Ҳͬ˵顣
׳ۼͬҲټ֡
˶һۣ棬׳ϣͬʱһϹâš
ȴǷٻɫ˽Բ̣γźȥ
ɱЩͨ棬Ңۼ˾һ䡣
رںɱҢۼ˺Ȼˣƺʲôзһ˻𣬱Ҫܲ׷ȥ
Ǿڴ˿̣ɫâţָһţдʣ֮йâһֳһɫġ
ȫʱӿɫ֮УıôĿҫ
Ȼһ֣ɫĴƼǰľ޴ڡ
һľֻת˲֮䡣
޴·̳һǴҩɢҲɿǴתۼ仯Ϊһͷǧɵɫ
ɫзһ޴Ӵһڣǰͷͨȥ
ǵˣɫ޴βͷͼ׷˵漰Ң
ͬʱн鷨ҲâţɫĴӽ֮зɳ볯ǰͷͨҢȥϢȴΧʮ
ͷͨҢɫһ䣬֪⿴Ʋ۵Ľɫĵſһ˿ǰ
ʣСȴǳ˵ּȥ
ͬʱħھĿһſһھѪǰİ׹ħ֮ϡ
ͬʱһڹѸޱȵ䵽֮ϣʱ׹ħᦺڹʢһǺϴ
ħϵİ׹ħͷһȻ˳ӭ籩ɾ޴
Ͱ׹ħͷת˼תһţһ͹лҪٱ˻֮
һȦȦɫĶӰ׹ħͷɢǵǰͷ֣ͨɫɢǽԲڵҢС
ЩͨҢɫ֣϶ʱ¶ʹ֮ɫʱóٻޱȡ
رͨ棬Ť·ܾ޴ʹϵĻڹҲ˼֡
ͬʱеĴҢֵʹͨڳԶսȴ޷˼ˡ
Ǳߵͨʿ޷̻ɱ֣ҲԷֽ־档
֧Űʱ䣬λ;Ϯ˵Ңȷɣ촽΢ĳڳͨϴ
˴˿Ѿ˰ɣ΢΢ͷ漴ȻΪһâʣͨսŹɽĿռѷ촦ȥ
еͨҢۼ˾׷׷ŭֽУҪͼǰȥ׷ϣǱ˽
ԽƷĹûһ˿˼Ƿģз߶סЩͨҢ

˴Ңƴɱ֮ʱ
ɽ֮⣬һڹѸޱȵĴԶ˼㵽˽˹ɽΧһ֮ϡ
ڹɢ¶Ӱԣվһ׿ľɫŮ
뿪̫ţͣĳŹɽ˽գŸϵ˴˴
ɽܿâ˸Լ
Ŀ΢âţǧսӳ֮ͫУĿռѷҲС
ãǸˡһ૵˵
ĿҲɽȥȻûĿ˾ҵķ֮Զ𺳵顣
ս֮Σķ㻹ݱҵķռ֮аɡջĿ⣬Ե˵ּһöɽ顣
ǡСġ
Щԥ֪ԼֱӲս·˵ͷе˵
һ·֮ϣޱ֮µĶ֮ˣȻע⡣
Ѱʿôֻձܴ̫ڵɽϵʮ֮ңĹɽ
û˵Ҳûʡ
Ϊ֪ҪʱȻǻ˵ģҪȥġ
Ҫǣ˽
Ȼǰճ̶ȣԶκһؾҪǧ򱶣½֣ͨûбʤա
Ȼˣһᴴ漣
ѣһˣ
Ȼֻ˵˶̶һ仰ȴһݹģΡ
΢΢һůͷзһߡ
ɽƹʢһɫϼ⣬һ
ɫϼһŵջɽʱʧԭأֻһɵ㡣


1533 ϤӰ
ֽɽ˿ٴɽ
һ̣΢΢һϾһ˿֮ɫ
ͨħͫϸϸ鿴֮£˴ǰһɫװŮӣ˿ٿһ鶯֮ɫɽҢ֮ݺɱ
ϤҶü˭
һ֮̽£ȴûܿǬӰ
ѵڴ֮Уüͷ΢壬һ䡣
һ̣Ϸ𵭵⣬˲û漴ΪһӰԾٶȣɽȥ

ҶüһӣһСſڷɽΪŶһת֮£Χһͷ浤ͷ˺Ƭ
Ϸǵûϲɫü΢΢һ壬ɫҲ԰
ȻƥϾʺϳ־ս˿ȻѾΪ󣬵Ͼǵȹ̥
һƷɱ˴ڵķֻʣС룬ϸǶˡ
Χʿһ쳣֮ˣ˿̶ѾԳƣ̬
⻹һɱһ߷ṩļƷָ鵤¡
ҶüƬ̼϶ɿһ鵤˫ɽɨһۡ
ڸղţ֮ͨɱͻͨܺȻսɽȥĿȻԶ
ţ߿еսȸոոӼ˼֡
Ҷüвһ˿ɫ
Ȼ֪巢˺£Ҳܲ³š
սչ˴ĸ߲ʩչʲôֶΣ׼ʩչˮһˡ
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ԭҲûʲôϵǴӽ񳿴սʼ޷ϵǬ
֮ǰ̶һ˴֧һͬս
˿ķѾҪףƴɱȥῼսǬȴȻʧȥӰ
Ȳ֮ĸǬһ㣬ΣҲܽǬ£һġ
Ҷü΢΢Щ㱣ǰƻɫâһ˲
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Ңһţһ˿·һ㼤̶ƿ֮
ҶüȻָ͵һӣɫɽâţնһ˿ͬʱγź浹ȥ
Ķվһ˲ɫâȻס˴˿С˿ù˽âͷ
ۿҶüҪ˿ˣڴ˿̣һĻȻһ׹âԱ߼һΪһͷɫ޻Ҷüǰ
С˿ڣɫͻһ˻𣬸ո۳ɢЩ˿㱻
Ҷüкһзɿһ
ɫɽȻâţǴΪһʮɴСӴɫӰ
ͬʱ޴ӰΧֳ˵СһЩĽӰ
ȥ
һͺȣ޴ɫӰͬǰ˵СͽӰͷҢȥ籼磬һնҢϡ
Ң̱ɫӰûһѲɫӰдһһҽУܿɢ
ҶüһһУ޴ɫӰɢΪһɫɽء
ͷҢ˿̶ϳصȥû˿Ϣ
Ҷʦõ֮ƥնɱͬҢѾʮͷ˰ɣսصڣȻǴһһҶüԣЦȻɡ
ԭʱǼãʱ䣬Ҳ׵󾳡
ȻֻڣܲҶüϾ壬ͳսҶüкʿҪǿࡣ
ʦֹˣлԮ֡Ҷü˵
ҷͬţЩС¶ѣҳݡĿЩȵĿҶü˰ֵЦ
ʦֿˡҶüɫ΢䣬ٶ˵ǰȥɫɽâţٴγǰն¡
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ݺΪȻȱŮʿ׷
ԴҶü̫ţһżȻĻ֮󣬱ΪˣҶüҵ׷
ֻҶüʼն˿ٴɫֵ䵭̫֮ͷʢ֮Щܴ졣
ȻǲģϾ̫ţΪΨԼʸӵдŮ
ҶüɵսǰһӣƬɫŲӰϯ˷ԲʮɵķΧ
ʮͷͽҲûпһ㱻նء
ڴ˿̣һɫӰһҶüԣַһɫϼ⣬Ҷü塣
Ҷüɫһ䣬ɫɽɾһִ󽣹⣬ҫ֮âҪɫӰն¡
һ̣ͻȻһĿĿɫӰԭ˪ϣ¶һŵɫ
ɫϼֻһţҶüӰȻԭʧ
ļʿ̷˴˴ֵ״ɫһ䣬رɣǱŭޱȡ
˴󵨣ҶʦŪȥˣ
ɴһ˻Ϊһɫ⣬źȻֵӰȥȻһȭ
һɽӵХ
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һХһսУһûʮĴӰ޴ĺɫӰͷ¡
һĹʾĹֶΣνǵˮ©
ǸɫӰĿһۣ漴ƿĿ⣬־κ˰Ĺƺ벻⡣
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΢΢㱣һ뵽ҶüֻΪΪһ磬ɫӰͷ¡
ǣڴ˿̣ɫӰ΢΢һԭƾʧ֪ȥˡ
һ̣ɫսɫȺӰով֮ȴ˿մ
˵һ죡
ɫսһݺݺӰ·ĵ棬һź
̳𵴣װһͣЪȥ
ȥԭɫӰڴƾնһԲɵľ޿ӣҺ֪ж
ɵӰһھ޿ϷİվסΣǾɫ
ʶɨ֮£ﻹܿǸɫӰӰӣ
ֹΧע⵽ʿҲɫ䣬һ
ԶշҲ￴˹ȻҲע⵽˸ոյ飬һ˿ɫ
Щ˵ǰ漰ѾˮٶӿǼæֵֵ
ɫŭ˿ս縺˸߲Ҳ˲ϹҶü˴ߵ顣
Ҷüһ󾳳ʿʧ٣սֶԣ޷ʲô˫ԾͬˮĽŽš


1534 ǧһ
ͬʱɽռѷ츽һɫݹԶ㼤
ֻǼɫݹ㵽˾ռѷڰһɽͷһֳ˵Ӱ
ʱɫأǾ֮ɫ
һ·ϣȻϣͨ漰ҢΪ׵ķػұͨʿȺƴȫ俰ִ˴
ʱƿһ죡
һ޴ĺڰӰѾӸһɽмѸײڶ֮ƣȻ˹ͬʱɢһɿֲѹ
ɫһ䣬ǺڰӰȻһͷСɽ޴֩ģ棬ϢԶѰͨܶࡣ
ڰ֩һţ͡˿ƿֻһģ󣬾˲ưֱӳ˽ǰ
ɫһϲңַɿһ£һڱ沼¾ƵĻɫСӡ
һ
ɫСֶһת£ɾ޴Сɽһ㵲ǰ
ܼɫ˿ھ֮ϣһŽľ󣬻ɫ˿δЩ˿׾ٵĸ⡣
ڴʱͷһ𣬰ֻӲëĺڰצմӴһ̽ɫа㣬ͷץ¡
˵һ̧һӲԲзɳӭɿûһֻʮɾ޴ĽɫԳܣֱȻһֻ֣ݰСȭͷиֳһСɽʯϷͶȥ
ֻǡ顱һ
ʯ֩צỮ£ķѿ
ŽɫԳûֵ£Ҳ֮֩֫⿪
˾ȴΪȡƬ̴Ϣ˿Χ߰ͷʮɴСͿܣɢķǷͬСɣʿ
ȻһָЩſһִɫſеĺڰ֩漤ȥ
ڰ֩漤µķһɫâ۳һɫ֡
죡
ɫֿһ£Ȼûѿһɾ޴ǽڰӴ׹ƴ󻺡
˻һһߴ߶ΧͿڿնͬʱĿ⳯ŲԶ߿еĿռѷ쿴ȥɫʱһ䡣
ֻ޴Ŀռѷ죬˿Ѿһ𣬲ۿɼٶȻ໥ںϣֲϢѷ֮ɢ
áһ˿ԤУ͵һ֣Ҫʲô
ٺ٣ʲôѾ̫ˣֻٹƬ̣ߴή١ڰ֩淢һЦƬڰɫϼһͷͿϯ¡
ϼ֮иֳһˮͰϸĺڰɫ׹⣬ܼ죬Щοܾ޷ֵֺıֱӻ
ɫһ࣬ʮָŻɫѣһɫһûǰľ֮С
ɫ̵֮ķͼɢĿĻɫâӭһΡ
һ
ɫĴӾӱ漤ҷɿǴ󣬻Ϊһɫ⣬ӭϷĺڰɫϼ⼤ȥ
ߺȻײ£һʱ˰ա
ʱˣȴδϿһۣв֪ʱѼһɫ󷨱ָһ㣬Ϊһ׹⣬ŲԶյĿռѷ켤ȥٶȾ֮
ڰɫ֩ƺûԤϵ˵ľٶ󣬾޴ȻһתЯ߹磬ҪǬ˹ȥ
ڴʱһɫӰȰһںڰǰˣ
ɫתۼɵ˰տռѷ·
׹һΧƾոӰȴǬȻԺʿ
һ֣Ŀ̳ŰյĿռѷ쿴ȥɫһ䡣
رǬüͷǽ塣
ԭƻ̲ô󣡡
ǬĿһȵ
Աߵʿ̵ͷһķɢɿǬǰʮ⡣
˿֣һɫԣ漴ǵֱۻӶ˸ĸط
Ǭһ֣ҲĿߴС̣ɫ죬ɢڻȫͬĹâ
תۼ䣬ֻΧˣǬΪγһĽâ״ܸٸ죬γһޱȵĴ
Ǭдʣһٸ췢صĳ漴һŰ
ٵâһγһִޱȹֱֱŰеĿռѷȥռѷ쾡ڹ֮С
󷨹֣еĿռѷɢĹһѷ컥ںϵƺͣѷʱɢĿֲϢҲΪ֮һϡ
Զ˲ĺڰ֩ۼ˾ֺһԾҪһеǰȥֹǬ˵ж
ȻԸ˫ʮָһְ仯ǰɫӵת߰˵ִӨâмźڰ֩ȥ
ڰ׹һ˿Ҳһţ¶а
һ쳹ʵ˻
ʱƬɫϼ⳯Ǭһȥļ͸ɫС
촫ڰ֩Ӳ˼âӲ׿˼Ѫӿ
ڰ֩ƺ޸оһ㣬޴ȻԽˣǬ˶ȥ
ɫһ䣬ڻɫһģһľ촫ɫһģ󣬾ʹʧ١
һ̣ǬΧƹһһ޴λɫĻֶ
ĻɴСɢĹâȻǸһֹĸоǬ˾˺档
ɫĻոճͣɫб籩ն档
ɲǼ䣬ɫĻҵ
ȻĻǿаɫоеǬȴƱһ֮ΧΪʿǬȴ³һѪ
ԭ͵Ĵ󣬼㹦һ
Ǭɫ䣬ɿ˹Ļ⡣
ʲôҪܣЩ󣡡
ɫĻʮɵĵط˲֪ʲôֶΣٴνڰ֩ӲȻɫԵмֲ԰ףͦΣû˿֮⡣
Ǭˣɫ΢΢һɣĿٴο˰еĿռѷ졣
ȻûоʹʧܣһʱϻǱ˲١
ĿһַɿӡΧĴâ仯
ֿռѷ󷨹âҲâ֮иֳɫģſռѷ켤ȥһС
ڴ˿̣ͻ
֮еĿռѷһƬĺڹӿռѷϯ£׽ָ󷨹â˺ѿ
ǬȻԺʿɫһףͬʱһѪһɴ˳ȥ
·첼öɵĴ̼Ҳֱֱӱ飬Ϊ˵ӫ⡣
¡¡
һɾ޴ӿռѷд˳ɢһɻذĿֲϢռѷ컺һں
εںϱ֮ǰʮǰ󲻹ɴСĿռѷ㳹ںһ𣬻ΪһнǧɴСľͿռѷ졣


1535 Ң
ۼ˾Ȼһޱȣ˿Ҳ¶˾ɫ
ȻԺʿ˿̷׷׵ΧɭȻѹ£ǲסƺˡ
˲ԶĵϣǬ侲һЩ
Ϊڳ΢ģȴһ̫͵ıףʶȻ˲ˣΣ
˿˿һЩ˶ûע⵽£ȡһµĴѶִ̣һâ֮С
ֻһʼһ£漴һ㣬Ҳ
Ǭɫһ漴¶һ˿ɫ
רƣһ飬Ҷüϵģ˿ûзӦҲ˵һпѾˡ
ڴ˿̣еĿռѷҲһĿѷдΧ
ˣǬٴαһɾ޴֮ȡڰ֩Ҳһ
һ̣Ѹ֮ıѾ޷ֱӡ
䣡
Ŀ֮УһɴСľ޴ɫʯ򣬺ȻֶӿռѷпƼѵһһ㼷˳ⳡͬĸµһ㡣
һҲ˼Ĺ
ɫʯռѷ󣬱̳·ȥΪĦȼһ𣬷·һʯһ㡣
¡¡
޴ɫʯ·ɽ֮ϣ̼ɽʯʯҷɣ̳ԭǬڵɽգۼ䵴Ȼ޴棬ȡ֮ģһ޴ĿӶ
ɫʯ°벿֣ǶӶ֮С
ǡһ죡
޴ʯѿһ϶һȻѿţһСɫӰʯһͣ˰ա
Ȼһ˰ϵҢ
Ңϰһ𷢱ĿŮӣϰǳ㣬ǴһӲӵĹŹսףлһݵ
һҢͬǣŮͷ룬ĩƺɫ
°һӷ棬һȦȦɫƣɢǵĹâ
У˴˿̿סΣѽɷ˽ǻɫԲ̵ǰ
ĸӦһսϢǽҢϴɷҲ޷˿֮С
˾һε֮ĸս˿Ǳȳ˴˶ٵҢϢ˿ѷڵ֮ĸ
ϲߴڴͨͨ˽硣ڰ֩ʱȴɵҢǰӴСʮΪͽҢСڰİһգݵȥ
ŶҼǵĸµĵһսƺǽкɡҢ΢΢ҡҡͷƺΪոƽЩӦƬ֮Ŀſڰ棬˵
ǵģСǺڰ֩湧˵
ܹ˳ƽ磬幦ҲСҢһӣһͰ׹зɳס˺ڰ֩塣
ڰ֩ϵļ˿ڶʱۿɼٶϣתۼָĵķҲָ˲١
лߴˣĸ˴˿ĦһռУߴĪҵԼڰ֩һ壬ϲİݵȥ
ģʴԻᴦ
Ңδ˵ĿһԵķЦһô𣿼Ҿܡ
˴˿ѾΪһâŽҢͺڰ̸֩ļ϶Զȥ
Ǭȴԭء
ǲܣҢĿֲѹ֮£һָҲûУ˵ˡ
Ǭ˿ȫ·𱻶һ㣬ڵϣǺɫȻǵ͹˴˴жΣԣڴʱҪ߶еҲ޷ˡ
֪ˣӦǸҢ֮ǰԥߵġ
Ң˵ţкɫ˷赭дһӣһɳĺɫµâƾոֶ
ɫâѸ籼ףתۼ׷Ķݹ⣬ݺն¡
â֮ռ·һڽѿһɫۣò
ɫ䣬ۼɫâѾɶ֮еһתϻɫâʢ˽Բ̷ѸǴǧһ֮ʵǰ
һ죡
ɫâն˰˽Բ֮ϣ˽Բ̷֨֨ɢĻâѸټ
ԵģɫâҲ֮䵭С˼֡
ɫ䣬ڲдķӿɫԲ֮УҲ޷ֹԲ̹âļ
꣡
ɫԲ̷ڸֳһơ
һ죬ɫ˽Բ̷Ȼѣն롣
ɫâ˿Ѿһʼʮ֮һСնԲܺϡ
ɫâû˵壬â֮дһҽУ漴ȥ
ڹȥУȴʲôûУƺ˾ʹ˼һ㡣
Ңˣһ˿ɫôӣ漴ĿһתĿ˲ԶǬˣһ˿â
Ǭ˼ˣѪɫ
ڴ˿̣ҢղһһɫӰȰ㸡ֶһ޵ĵɫ⸡ֶŽҢȻһն
Ңɫ䣬˿̶ѾˣȻתſ³һưĶѿ
顱һһɫϼѵбҢ档
ɫϼոճ֣ɫѾն˽Ңϡ
ɫ⿴ƽȴǴݿһ㣬һɫϼͬĽҢնء
ԭſڽҢĺڰ֩棬ֺ󣬾ԼһȻ֮ķ֣֮޷ֺˡ
ɫƲ֮£Ӳһն룬һҽж޷
źһʢ£ֻΪһƬɫĻͬ侫ǳ׽顣
סɫӰǰɫϼ⣬ȴһ
һ̣նصɫϼѿΪɫөĽҢӰȴ֮ɢʧˡ
ʮһҢӰֶɫЩףرС֮һ˿Ѫ
ȻʹһλλıһնԱɫâˡ
Ңϵľȱϵ˿ڸǰɫӰɢϢȻҲһڡ
¾ǺˣιǣҢһ֣Ϸ𵭵׹⣬С˿ڷɿϣʵɫ粻
õ鱨½ֻһʿŶԣΪӡĸԵʣЩ궼ֵܳġ
ɫӰϵ⻺ɢ¶һӵӰ
Ңһ˿죬´ۣüͷһ塣
ԽҢΪȻܸӦ壬ħ壬壬ڤȶϢһһʱжϲ
ΪȴӹɵģϢ֮ϡ
Ңɫһ䣬һʱû
磡
ڴʱһϲݵĳţԶǬһȭͷСľʯϲĿ˹
ĿǬϣ΢΢һЦǬ֡
֮󣬽ҢѹǬϵӴѹѾʧԭҪȡʯ֮ززģݺ󣬴ϲ֮£һжԺ
˿̿ٻվԥĳ˹


1536 
Ң˫ĿһתǬʶԲˣҲվһ
һˣâһüĳֲ֪
ͷ붥ˣŵɫ΢΢һ̶һ˸
һ
ͷɫ趯漴Ȼ쳤Ϊ˿·һ㣬Ǭȥ
ɫ˿ٶȼ죬ƿ֮ոһƬѾǬǰۿҪǬ
Ǭ浤Ϊֻܿһͱĳط֮޿ɱܵһУʱ޷ֺˡ
ڴ˿̣һӴķ֮׵סǬͬʱΧ˲䱻һˮɫ֡
ˮ˷֮
˺յĽ˿һˮɫֱӶ
Щ˿ֻǱһʢһ죬ıڽɢ
ۿЩ˿Ҫٴѳļ͸Ǭһֻɫȴڼ䲻ݷ֮ʣһ̽ǬһסһúХµ˿˸ա
Σգҵķռһᡣ
ǬδӦǰɫһѾһɵĿռ֮С
Ҳˣ
һԴϲҶüȻҲռ֮УǬ֣æ˹
ֹˣҲҶüԣ˿Ҳ¶ϲ֮ɫһͬ˹
ü㣬㣬ԭҲ̫ˣ
ǬԭЩ㱣˿̿ҶüӰɫҲһϲ
ôˣʵ
ЩռѷһͷҢѾˣǬü΢˵
Ŵ˻Ҷüɫһ䡣
ǱģǳǸҢҲ·ģǬæֲ
ȻԺҢභˡɫһɣ
ȻЩԤУЩģ
֪ǽһطԲԶͨʿԱȼģû´ĻӦҲѾˡҶü֮ǰѾͨĶԻ֪һЩ˵ԵɣȻҲһЩ²⣬ֱ˿̣˼˵
ΪǺ£һΪĴ磬ԺԺˡǬȴûô࣬ϲ̵˵
˵ҲǣϸΣδսɡɫһҲЦ
ʵսȥľͬʿܹƥУѾǸʿǸҢ벻Ķˡ
ҶüҲɫһĵ˵ͷ

ͬʱɽ޴ռѷ·ѾͽҢݱļһ
һһӰûɵۻҵĲӰ˴˿̶ʩչ£Ȼ¡
ռڶʩչķ֮ǰҲ·һ±ôޱȣһ뿪һѺۣһ󶴡
ǿķ֮ײ֮£ɽʯ֮Ϊһѳıռѷɽ飬õȻ޴档
һʱ䣬ռԶΪģγһԲǧɵľ޴ԪУгһɿ֮¡쳹죬಻ϣʱӿʰ߲Ĺϼ
Ϸ߿Уǵ˶ޱȣ˺Ѷľ޴ѷ죬ޱȵĺ
˾Ŀ֮
ȻԺʿڻָжԶԶ˿˿վǧɽϣĿǰѵһһĻ
ڴ˿̣֮ϻâһһӰײŸֶ˸ˡ
ŮոհҢһ֪ʩչʲôֶΣӹ֮٣ҲΪԡѪһѾɡ
ˣû°ɣΧȻԺʿ״ɴϲһ˿ʵ
޷
ɫ԰ֽȴûΣա
Ŀ⿴ģĲӰܶɢĿֲϢǲŵɫ漴ɻʵǸɫӰǺˣ
Ҳ֪ȰȻڴˣҢսһȻԺʿص
ǬƺϵˡĪǣһܣĦʥǰĴڣһʿƺ뵽ʲôܵ˵
ϣ˰ɡһ˿ɫе˵
ȻҢ֣䲻ʶԼоɢһֲӵϢƺħ֮Ӷӡ
ɫЩ粻ϾħңԶĹȥҲθ𶥵ĺƽ١
ڹѵħ˶˵棬ҢΪ¡
ǸɫӰħˣǶԷǵѾͲ̫˵ˡ
ҢĴս˲ʱԶݹƿռдƬƹӿ˴
˫˿Ѿֹͣ˽ս䱸ķɶݶܿ˽
˴ȵȻǸɵͨܣ׵ķԡ
ȵҲǶʮͷͨҢ˫עͶ˰еǵ޴ռѷ죬ѷ·ҲʤӰ
ˣʲô
̫濴ǰΣüͷ壬漴Ŀ⿴ˣʵ
ȻԺ׳ϣħڵĺ۾Ҳͬʱ˹
ǸոƴЩͨסûãռѷ촦㴫һɿֲŰϢ
ȻûڿռѷҲµǺԵʣʿҺúֳܿһϢ˿
ܵԪҲ˴㴦⣬ҲĲˡ
˫Ľս˴˿Ѿʧȥ壬˫Լͬķ׷ͣſռѷ췽
˿ЦһҲ򵥵ĽĿǰ֪飬ԼԼ²˵һ¡
ɫӰħ˺˾üͷһ塣
ǵΪȻҲӦֻǰĳסˣû뵽һѡ
Ŀ⿴еɫӰвͷ
ǸɫӰϢҲΪİ˵˺ǬʶӦǬ̫ǰʶˡ
ǬҶüǰ̫ŵʱ򣬲δϸ˵ҲΪʵҸֵ֮ʣҲδѯʡ
ӦôȻܺʶ
˼ţĿ⿴ʿȺʶһɨɫ΢΢һ䣬ҶüѲȺ֮С
ҪԵ˵Щʲô֮кĴһ졣
һĲӰȻֿԳź󷽵˶ȥ
ɣϺڹһ̱ס塣
⡭⡭ǡ
ûʶ
˿һͣ·̫Уϳѿڶĺ˳
˿ڿഫἰ˾̫ŵʧ֮˺󣬴󲿷ֵӾԴϲ
ϾһųһͬĦʥǰڣǺ䶯½Ĵ£


1537 
棬˵ȳȻҲϳֻһʱ֮޷Ǹ浤ʿԱȼڣԼҪӵӰϵϵıȻǾ֮
ɡշЩʶ̫ŵӣ˿Ҳ¶𾪵Ըӵɫǰ
շɫһ۽¶һ˿Ц⡣
ʶʼ㲻ԾĲ˼ĳ֣Ϲȥ֣Ȼ𺳣Ҳ޷ˡ
ɣɫûôÿˣɫ࣬˫ָǽճȭ΢΢Щ
ǲԶһ۵Ľϳòֻ˫ü΢΢һ漴Ǳ㻮һȣƺΪʵûие̫ӡ
̫ˣ֮УϵҲ׷״һ
ŷҵŷٻã칤ԽȺϵ֮ˣϸ¶ϲɫ
ħڣȻԺȺЩ֮ˣɫȴЩѿˡ
·֮˵ķӦסв֪ʱĵؽٽһ
һԽڹţֳϸСɫģɢһǿҵһеķ֮
кһͺһɫŽҢȻһ
͡ɫȻһģ£зɳɫ˿ߣĳŽҢȥ
ЩԽ˲ưٶȣ˽ҢǰʹɭȻ\â缲Ȼ¡
Ңˣɫһ䣬оɫâţǰ͵һᡣ
ʱһīİε⳯ǰݺһնȥ
Х֮ڰµڰ;ȻѻΪɫâļ۳һĺЩ߼ȥ
â֮мɫצֱҪ˶ɣɢԹɷҲ֪ʲô
˫Ȼײڹ⽫ն£
ɫâȻ󣬵һɫϸ˿̱иķֱɨһգ
ڵâ赲ҢҲȡЩʱ䡣
ָһһѪ۳һ⻪תѪɫܣǰ
̺ѪɫģɢѪķ֮
ѪɫܸոճͣâѾɫϸ˿նѣƬɫϸ˿漴ݺնѪɫ֮ϡ
һ
Ѫɫܴ𣬸ֳƣǲδѣЩɫ˿һ
Ңۼ˾ɫ΢΢һɡ
ڴ˿̣֮ǰӰһӰȰ㸡ֶ
оһʱڴעкɫ֮УɫĸֶںɫΧγһɵĽӰ
ֱһгһӶ¡
ɫӰԪȻڰ·ɫӰ̺ĺڰֳ֮Ȼͬռһ㡣
һɫӰ£ݺնѪɫ֮ϡ
꣡
ѪɫܺȻѿɫӰƲ˥һģĽҢ˽Ӱ֮С
͡һ죡
Ѫէ֣ҢһֱȴӲն
ۼ˾·˴׷ʿ񣬴
Ңһһɧ׷׷˲Ĺֺ
ҢɣɫЩ԰ףĶϱ۴ֻ£һոµֱ۱㳤˳
ܺãʵǿ鷨ҲƥʲĶֻ֡ҪٹƬ̣ҵķήٴ˽硣ʱҵҪܹһԶҢɫЩѿͷǵ޴ռѷһۣһЦ
ԣĿ⿴ͷĿռѷ죬ɫ΢΢һ䡣
ڿռѷѾһͷҢϷרעնɱǰҢʶûȥ⡣
һϸ֮£ȴǵ޴ռѷ˿Ǵ˼֡
ƺΪ֤ʵҢ֮ԣʱѷͻȻڹһһӴɲϢٴδϯ£Ңֵӡ
ɫһĿȻҢɱһʢ
ɱңٺ٣ֻûôװɣʲĶ֣ҪɱңҲô򵥵飡񷽴ҵ¡ҢоɱȴĽЦ
ĿģҪŭʹ佹֮£˴ʧ޷רעԾʱ䡣
ĿѾﵽһ֣϶ʱţɫϸ˿ֶΪһɫףɢ֮һӡ
üͷһ壬Ң˵ȻԻܶԷǶԷһζܵĻҪ֮׻ɱȴװ쵽ģ㽫췣һҲһ
ֵǣǵռѷɢϢԽԽǿѷԵǾȻռͨһڷĹͨ
ڴʱһȻ뵽һܣɫȴ粻
ҪʱڻɱԷʵҲûа취ֻ߶ħٶȴ߶£췣ؽص߰˳ɵİˡ
˷ãΨһǵģ½壬ʷԭ򣬺ħһƲħڣʵҲһȺħѣͬħʹ֮ġ
ڴԳħѪ֮߶ħ֮壬Ȼа취ڳʿ޷ߣЩͨڵġ
ΪЩ˻ôֻǴ˸һγɣЩĵģϾܺ½Ϊеġ
ͷת֮ʣյĿռѷȻһӿռѷ͸ΧվһȦȦռ䲨Χɢ
·˴ͨʿ״׷ɫ䣬ۣͬʱſռѷ췽ȥ
һǴסǽҢ֮ʱû˿ռѷӡסֹ̬Ľһȥ
ǸոշɳĶʮͨҢȴϰ㣬̼ס
˫սһ
ͨܿʼ֣˴ҢȻҲţٴκȻɱһ𣬴սһα
һĴսâһĿȻĽҢѾö⡣
ԼϾ½ֻʱ䣬ʱնɱҢӡסѷ֮һЩ˽öԷ˼ɱɡ
Ңסкķһ˿Ī£еͺһַɿ漴һſڡ
֮͡
ɫ˿ӽҢ¶ΧʮɷΧһ֯£γһɵռ䡣
֮УɫԾѡ
šۡЩĻΪһ
һ˶ɫиֶҢΧм䣬ڣ濴Ϊλ
Щ˶ɫĻӨѣһ֪ƥ޷
һɫޱȵɫռ䣬ýҢ·ɴһ㡣


1538 ħ
ڴʱԽҢΪģԲɷΧڣղಡಡһ½ϡ
ΧһֳʮŻɾ޴Բ顣
Բһת֮£Ƭϼпӿ̼仯Ϊһɸߵľ޴ɫ޷壬ͬʱһ׳ĺɫ̻ɽһ
ʮɽĿռڻϼ죬γһ˶ޱȵĻɫռ䡣
Ȼķ֮ʱռ֮С
һλɵռ䣬סЦҢɫһ̶Ц
Ȼһ̣Цݱ㽩ϡ
ֻԶ˫ĿȻѪһƬһը촫һ¾޴ȦϰѵȻ޴棬¶Ƥ沼һɫħơ
źһһɳħȼħƵϣʼֳһööɫƬ˫ʮָҲ˳צ
ͬʱ򣬱ҲɫǴ̰͹ޱȡ
һʵ쳤ХһȦȦĺɫΪģΧɢȥҲΪ֮
ʱɢϢ֮ǰǿ˺ֹһкɫҲųħ棬
ħȻ壬ħˣҢۼı仯ȵ
ʱҢͨ屻ɽӴʮ޷͹ڱΣ·ɱЩʿȻ޷֪ġ
ʩչɽĿҲΪˡ
򣬶Щͨʿԣȴȫڱο񱩵ħЩͨʿȻǰͨҢɱʶȴһҲû뿪
׵ɫһ֮ǰȻЩԲ׼ڸܵɺȻħ󣬴ʱȴȷˡ
棬׳Ҳɫһ䣬ɫҲѿ쳣
ħڵĺȻüͷ壬ǰɫϾзһ˿⡣
֮⣬ʮͨɫҲ粻һ˼ģ
ʱϾȥ˼Щͨʿ뷨˫ĿѪһƬסɫеĽҢ
δȶԷʲôٶһģ֮£㵽ɫԵһӺɫ
һ
ɫâӵؽٽмǰշ·̼һ㣬ΧԪŵؽٽӿؽٽ𶯣ɢһɿɲĺڰϢ
ؽٽ˿ɢܣȻպԭʼħʱ˼֣
һХһ˶ɫ½âӺɫзɳɫ½âзӿ
ɫ½âնɫ֮ϡ
һ
ɫ·ֽһһնѣâŽҢȥ
Ңǿ־ɫֺһɫâţеɫ׷ǰײ˺ɫâ
ȻЩƼ᲻ɴݵɫ䣬ȴ޷赲ɫâֺδâ㱻һһеķֱ֮ѿ
ҢĿô˾ɫһ±ѿ֮
ȻԸʹԴУ˫סоȻźɫâ˹ȥ
¡
һڵâͽâȻײ
һ̶Х˲ֱأһɾҵķ򲨶ΪεΧɢȥ
߾ʹ˽˰ա
Ȼ˳ֻ˲һĹ򣬽ҢĺɫâȻѣ½âҲ˼֡
ˣһͺȣһ
½âͽȻڹʢļ£֮ն˽Ңһɭ򲨶ٴη
ҢѪɫĳź󷽵ֱۻӶڵâն½âȥ
顱顱죬âո۳㾡ѣɫ½âҲ
ҢɫЩ԰ףи֮
еҹ׹һʵʵ֮ÿһδ߶Ҫķ䲻СȻȴҪ²ܵסԷһ֮
ڴʱΧɫҲʱոѾ½âƻ˲٣˿ھҷ֮֮£Ȼѿ
ڴ˿̣ҢӰһӰȰ֣ɫһն
ҢĿһһתоֱӭȥ渡ִƬɫĲһš
һ죬ɫ
һɾҵķ򲨶˷ϯʹԭɽӴ󶼾
Ңɫһ󳱺죬ſһѪȴһ˿ɫ°벿ĲȻһһɫ˿˽ߵ塣
Ŀһ˿Щɫɫ˿һֻа׹һһɫȻ췣
˲һŴĿâӽϱѶЩɫ˿΢΢һ󣬾ڰ׹дѶ
ҢʧɫȻһޱעɫ֮С
ɫױŷƬϼɫƲѣڳ׹һ֮£ֱֽɢɫ⽫ûС
ҡ
ҢĲҽӽ̶쳹ĺû
ɫɢҢ˿ѾѪ֮У屻նΣϵɫѵȻ޴档
·ڼҽս˫ҢĲҽʱ׷׿˹
˿̵ɽӴһҵĲ֮£һ޷׷ɢ¶
ڼҢ˿ѾѪ֮Уһһʿʱϲźʿ
ЩͨҢȴɫ䣬¶˾Īɫ
ʱɽӴսɢ֮ʣ㻯Ϊԭϰ⣬ûʲôһ˽Ңʬԡ
ڴ˿̣ͻ
ҢʬȻ漴ȻѿΪѪƳ˷ɢȥ
ɫһ䣬漴͵һӡ
֮һִɫ绡Ϊһɫǰ
Ѫһɫɢ
һ
һѪмѸޱȵĳϷĿռѷ촦ȥ
֮УԼܿһİ˰ģӰǽҢԪ
ֻһ˲ĹѾ֮⣬ۿҪ֮زز
Ŀһ䣬һһӡ
һ׹м۳һɫһ֮£׷ҢԪ񣬽˰ɫ֮С
һ׹֣ҢԪʱһͣռƺҢԪҲ˰׹֮Уƺ޷ˡ
ץһ澧ӨС׹ԴԴ
Ȼǻ쾵
һ׹ס˽ҢľǣأС
ţͼڹмûɺɫҢľס
кܶҪӽҢļ˽⣬ڻܻٵԪ
ߣ֪ôħˣȻЩҢһԣҷʼ٣ʱͺ˽еһΪɣҢԪ޷дȵ
Ŵ˻üͷһ塣
ڴ˿̣֮һ촫ռѷ漤һâԼܿһǧɾ޴ĺɫԲԵ
ٲȻһͷҢļ̱Ҫˡ


1539 
ɫһ䣬ַһɺҢԪס
漴һھ޴ռѷ֮£л쾵׹ţһִɫһȦȦѸɢռѷ档
쾵вֿռ䷨֮׹£ռѷƺʱֹͣ
ɫɣҪٶ׹ֵĿռѷȴȻһһŭ֮
һ̣ѷ֮кһѷİ׹ͬڻһ㣬һ޴϶
һѪɫâ׵Ĵ¶Ŀ϶һŵľ͵ǰٶ֮죬޷
һ̣һİʹؿڴ
ƺһֱӱɳȥؿѿһɼǵ˿ڣһѪ˳
ܴش쾵ĹâʱһռѷֿʼǾ޴ɫ¶һ˿
ĿһƳؿ˺ۡ
˺ΧһƬڣڵѪѾʼã˿ƺ̺ķֹ֮Ѫ֮ãɷ֮С
һ˿֮ɫǸҢƺû˵󻰣ռѷһͷǸҢʵȻǿоԭʼħҪǿϼģ
ԷĽ٣ȷʵǶ֡
һˣ˲ϵƣһεĳڻ쾵ǰھ֮ϣڷעС
쾵ɢİ׹һʢռѷʱƺʱȶ
ͬʱ췣ؽٶǰſռѷһͷͻȻðʲô
Ȼѷ֮вϴŭ֮¶һԵĺɫ壬ǿŰ׹⣬һһ¼
дݡ
Էӻ쾵̺Ŀռ䷨֮Ȼа취ӡ
֮ǰҢֹһɫ¶ֳһ룬һжˣ
һˣͻȻ뵽ʲôæּһɽ顣
âһһӰֶǬ
ŮͻȻ˳һʱЩȻ
ռѷмһͷҢʲô취ֹʵ
ǬҲǴϻ֮ˣһĻعĿ·ɿһɨ˴˿̵Ĵ
Ŀ⿴еĿռѷǸ¶Сľ޴ɫ壬ü΢漴Ŀһתǰĺڰ˫ϣܵȻ֮ʱһɿ˵£ʩչ֮ǰķӡռ䷨Ѹ޷ЧҿԳԲһϹʱڵļԴ˷֮ӦɰտԳɹֻǴҪҪ֮ΪۣҪϡ
ɫһǬ֮ȻˣҪٵط̺Բ֮֮Ϊۣʩչĳַӡ
ҲΨԼԴ߶ˡ
ҲѰôֹһͷڵͬʱַӡס˾޴һռѷأ
ֻ췣ؽٶʵ̫󣬸ѹ׵ֶˡ
̿ʼô󣡡Ȼ֮ͷת£ȴҲûԥ˵
ǬŴ˻æһͷһӣһԸֶͬʱ촽΢˵ʲô
˵ĵһӣ췣ؽٶȻųĿĺڰɫâ𡭡
ͬʱ˴Ңɱȴٴαü쳣
˶ˣȻ֮ǰͷҢ֪ʲôֶ˲նɱڿռѷ֮УһɵҢͬ˽ӡ
Ŀǰģ跨ֹ佫죬ͬʱӡռѷ졣
ҢһȻҪǧټƵȥֹǬˣΪΣֻҪһģӡЩأǱ󹦸ˡ
һöԷԸڸһ£ֹЩ弰Ң
ʱΧӵһгδţϸǬÿһ仰ϴŮʼô
˿̣еĺڰ˫ѻΪһһ⣬Χ봦ǸɫâֵĺɫԵתɢǿ֮ķ򲨶
ɷ֮£ԲϳԼľ޴ɫԲٶٴα仺˼֡
һߣǬϼӿʱһλ׳һʵ죬ûãϷǧɾ޴ĿռѷΧΧһȦ
һöɳڼȶλúһ಻ġ֮ۡ󣬰Χռѷͬʱâʢ
ʱһʰ߲ĹĻƾո֣ŴƬɫϼӿ˲佫ռѷûС
һ󷭹֮£Щɫϼ⽥Ϊ˺ڰɫ˳ʱ뷽ɿת
գۼ䣬һɴСľ޴ڰײΰİͼɼռѷ档
ڰװͼתţΧԪԶԶϵı˹γһΧС
ڰװͼȶ΢΢Щѡ
Ĵ·վźȻǬ˵Ӱ
˿Ǭдʣһзɳûڰװ֮У޴ڰװͼ漣ıԽ
źڰװͼһֳڰС
磡Ǭһ
Ŀһһӣԭڸ߿תѵ췣ؽಡһֱû˺ڰ֮Уټ
ʱһɾ޴ų֮Χɢȥ
֮еĺڰ״ȴڰ˫ļ룬Ҳڻȶ
û뵽ҾĲ⴫˵еļ󣬲ҪΧʩȹ̴˷ӡǬһ˵
ɫѲ԰ֽ˵˻ҡһ£վˡ
ȻϹŴ󣬼һԸĸҲǼȫƾһסż
齻Ĵ̫ڵʦͺãϢһ°ɡַһ̹⣬סǬ塣
Ǭǿ˵ͷһºͻķ̹֮͸塣
Ǭһɣ˯˹ȥ
һ̧סǬ̹⣬һӣǬսɽռ֮С
Ŀ⿴ԷӡеĿռѷ죬˿Ѿȹ
Ȼѷ컹ûбպϣǸҢϢȴ̵Ȼ޴棬ȻǱӡסˡ
ǬƲ⣬ռѷҪȵǧ֮ڷ²Żһһ𽥱պϡ
ڴڼ䣬Խ췣ؽٶķ֮£ά棬κҲ޷ֺ
ͬʱſռһϢʧؿڴӰ˿ϵķ֮Ҳ֮ʧȻ˲ٷ˿ȴѪļӳ£ѻָˡ
ɳһȻ췣ؽٶ˵أ½Ң٣ҲҪսˡ
һɳ˾޴У˸һ
֪䣬ŷӡɣԭ񷢶и߽Ң˷֮زز
ʣµЩͽҢȻսȫޣ˴ʿʢ£ͬ紵Ҷһ㱻ɱš
ԶɽϣǶʮͨʿΪףĴֶƺڵȴ
Ϊ̫棬ȻԺ׳ϣħں۾ߣ칤ˡ


1540 
ǰ˴ζǰ֣ŵԵƽƽ١칤˵˹ңңһ
Ϊ׵ʮͨʿҲæɫһǹ֮һС΢ӡ
λϲˣΪһԱ˺ƽ٣ȻԹ۵ġĻһ˿Ź֮ɫһ漴ɫ糣ĵ˵
վǰʮˣκһ˼½һڹȥԼҪĴڡ
Щ½ĶǿߣԼǰȴһģҴһڣһ˵ָо
ǰӹΰҵڴ˴½мԣɫ΢΢һٴιл
ȣ֪λڲҢ׵Ĵ֮ߣһ󣬻һתʵ
вѳǰʣµЩҢѲΪǡ֮ҵȻ̰ȥʱЩռѷӡ֮ԵݡȻԺ׳˵
ǾͺáˣĿռѷѱǬӡסҪȫֺǧʱ䣬ΪҪΧʩӼ󣬽˵س׷Ӵˣɽ㶨Ϊذɡԣ˵ͷ漴뵽ʲô˵
˵С½ǰɣǰܷġڽ֮£ʱ뱱±ɡ׳æӦʵ
ǰԸ±󶨻סˣ˴ηӡǰΪۣȴ֪Ȼʵһ˿֮ɫһֹӡ
޷Ϊ֮ֹסⳡ֣Ҳﾡˡ̾˿Ϊᣬȴ˵
лǰ壡˵ͨʿԣæͬĹ
ֻǱУڴ֮ʣһ˿׾âת˲ʧ١
ԣĵͷĿ⿴ܡ
ǰҵи֮롭ǰܹȫƳһ£˵
Ŷµ˵޷üһ˵
ǰġҵȸոһ£Ҫһº̫Ϊǰٰһ䣬һף½ƽȹ˴κƽ٣ҲΪǰط½ӷϴףǰΪǣõ׳ĿϣĿʵ
Ŵ˻üͷ΢΢һ塣
½ոնɹ٣ĲȣؽһܹĵĴ£ðġǰڴʲôֻ¶С׳Ͽ飬һݣæ˵
ðɣͰмλˣʱĳԻϯġ˵ͷ˵
ı⣬ϲֵĴ䣬ֻ׳ϴԲ½ٸոչȥٷϴˣȷʵҪһġ
ĳЩ˽Ҫ뿪ˡ˵ţڹһĻΪһڹ⣬㳯Զȥ
ǰӦ˴£ҵ㿪ʼ׼ɡۼӰ˲ưʧԶʣת׿ˣ񽥽һ˿⣬˵
ϷԴû׳Į˵
ħڵĺ۾һ˿âͬ΢΢˵ͷ
Լ˴ҵͨʿԼͬķ׷ױʾֻͬȻû˿ϲɫ
ֻΪ׵̫ͨܣ࿴һۣһʱû˵
ۼ飬üͷһ壬Ҫ˵
̫żλѼȻЩ뷨ԺɡҪ֮£ǰǰոԣӹ̴˴ӡ׳ʹ˸ֹĻͬʱе˵
ԣƬ̣΢΢˵ͷ漴칤༸˳Լڼȥ
ڸɵͨԭͣƬ̺ҲȺ뿪ֻ׳Ŀ⿴յİԷӡ
ȡһѶ̣˼䡣
֮ݹԶֳӰȴ֮ǰǬĸʿ

ʮĴ̫Ϊ׵ʿʢ֮£ʼԲ漰Ңչж
ʧȥ̣ôһλ壬и߽Ң׷׶ֲĿռ涴֮У֮ززˡ
֮󣬹ɽһ۴ȫʤӡ˿ռѷ죬дҢһ򾡵Ϣɿ½
˴ĴҢ½ϻҵľƶʱһ壬Ĵ̫½ǲͨܣطӡͨӡ
½Ңк׷׻ȸԾͬʱҲڴ½֮
½ܣһնɱҢͶӡ˿ռѷ죬²
һʱ֮䣬ֺ͵ӡ֮ĸĦʥ𲢼ѳԽ˺ߣ
رһЩСɺңѾλĤݣ
̫ǰʧش֮£Ҳ̫ȷϣ
ǣĴ̫֮һ̫ˮǴߣѸǹڣΪʿʥء
ģȻ̫żеϢ
ǸִС׷ױ˺׼ʱμ䣬һݡ
ĵӣΪȥμӴ࣬ϧֵĵز
һУȴǺ֪顣
ڹɽһս󣬱ص̫֮УҲû¶档

½һռ䡣
˴֮Ŀ֮Ǳ֮ɫ
Ƭĳ֮Уһͨ񹹽ľ޴󹬵ķģϼⷭмƻ֮С
˿̣ڹ֮УȻۼ˶ʮλͨڡ
Ĵ̫ڵͨھۼڴˣ֮⣬ȣ˴ҵͨҲڴˡ
ΧһԲ̫棬ȻԺ׳ϣ칤ˣħڵĺߣλ
ڳ֮ˣɫΪأʹõЩơ
սλڴ˵أΪ£λѾ˰ɣ
վĿ⻷ܣл˵
һɫ£׷׽Ŀ⿴˹
ʱնɱҢ֮ʱõɽռ䣬ס˷ԲǧɷΧ˾ȻסʿλػܿһЩʲôİɡɫһ˵
ڳŴ˻ɫһ
֮ǰڹɽɢǹŨħϢڳͨڣȻˡ
ǹɿ׺ݵϢ˶ʱڣͬһʵѹնɱʵڳڻ¡
ݱ֪һֻħ˵ħ֮УҲֻмӵйħ徫Ѫħˣʩչġվ˵
Բ٣Ϸ֤ħں۾ߵͷ
ȻˣʵݣҲȷˣĿоһ˵
⻰֮˴һ˿˼֮ɫûпѯʲôֻǾš
ͣһºֺ˵Ϲʱڴµѵħˡ޵Уܹ棡ȻΪħˣǱ뽫


1541 ɹʶ
Ȼڳ˶ڽ֮£ж˼üĿ˴һɫһ䣬һʱû˵
ڴʱһͻأ𣬴ֳĳš
ˣδ˰ɡ
˵֮ˣ̫档
üͷһ壬תȥüͷһ˵ŶѣлҪ
λҺʱ˱šһԺӿʼѫֳǱʣղűŸΪشӡڴڼ䣬ϿɴδֳЯħȷȷʵʵһ塣󣬷峤ƽ˵
νͣϾʿԸʶ䣬ħԲֶγΪħ֮£Ҳûзģָ˵
ŴԣΧвˣĽĿ⿴һŷұ־ɫ۵İüߡ
üɫһЩȻӣһû˵
Ȼӵħ֮䱾Դһ塣ҵܲΪʩչһħ㽫䶨Ϊħ˰ɣ̫һλͨڣǳϿڵ
̫ŵļλϣĪǻеȥԴ֤ײɣڴʱȻԺ׳ȴʵ
ǡ˶һۣһʱЩ
ϷΪ˶ʱѸ٣бʲôΪ֪飬ܺ͹ħʲôҲ˵һ˴˷ֻɱҢֻΪ˶ĿʱҢ򿪿ռͨùħٴ֣Ӧ֮£ʱ򣬿֮ˣһɡ׳üͷһļ˵
׳ϴ˻ڳ֮ɫһ䡣
ȷʵ˭Ҳ޷ųֿԣֿԲߣҲʳѰˡ
˿½ով棬ҢĴ٣Ԫٱħ֣Ǻ롣
׳ϴħԱŰɱԡĿǰΪû˼ҲпΪ޷ѹħ񣬵ʱڳ˿Լ½Ҳп֮ҵȿɲ½ȥðգ˵ͷ˵
ԭ˫ްʮǰ칤һλ󾳳ʱħ֣֮ħ弫ʹޣ˿̬Ҳ쳣ǿӲ
ϷҲ˺׳½Ҳֹһη¼ϹʱڵǴηħսĴ̫֮ڣǶؾصģȡԼ˴ҵļλҲӦ֪һЩĻġʱǣҲΪȷľŵԱס½ôĺƽ¡ħڵĺ۾ߺȻڣ˵
Ŵԣڳͨһ𣬵λܻͨͷ
Ĵ̫Ӱͼ󣬴˿֮Ѿڱ̬ͨڣһҲ󶼵ͷ
ֻʣһû̱̬Ŀ⿴̫ŵλͨܡ
κ͵ķħ֮սͬο˴Ңֺƽ٣ҵǷ񻹻Ŷδ֪˰ɣսոսҵȱΪɱֶԸ˾ٽµںδüͷ壬˵
ѣ㵽˿̻άǸѵҪͼ̫ҵĴ̫֮𣿡˺Цһ
һڳܷͨ׷׶棬Ŀⶼ˼ر̫ڵļˣ֮Ƕһ˿
˺γԣĴ̫׷Դʿ֮Ĵ̫ڴ빲ַϷħģûΥ֮˼һݣ˵
֪ͺãҵĴ̫ڼһԵΪȣ˶ԣһĪǱвΪ½ǧ鿼ǣӴֳҪ߶µ֮ӡԾ󻼣ɫȻ˵
漰ǡԣɫһƬû˵
λҵڴˣΪ½ƽ룬ڴԼ˺ɣҵȲڴ˵ؾֱΪͬģʾ⣬޳ѵģ벻Ҫ֡ȻԺ׳˵
䣬Ⱦ֡
˺ħں۾Ҳ̾ҵͨڻ˼ۺһһֱ̧ۡ
Ƭֳ֮ʮУûоֵģֻ̫ŵˡ
ѣˣ½ǧ룬˼׳ϼ״̾˿Ȱ
ʦ֣ˡվԵĻǳС˵
Ҳգ
üƬ֮̾˿ֱ̧ۡ
ãȻڳλûǴ±㶨ˡ׳ɫһϲ˵
׳ϣҵȻ¶˾ģڣ֮˵ܹ⣿˴ҵһͻȻʵ
Ǻǣڴ£λصġħս֮Ĵ̫ڵļλº֣ħ˵ģ֮ǰͼӡռѷ֮ʱ˲Сƣ֮ҲΪ˹ɽҵȵ׳Цһ
Ŵ˻ȻЩɻֶΣ׳ϡ˵һڱصģҲ׷ɫ
ʱ䣬ͶաʱҪ̫ŵλСӦ¶Ųźá˿ˣѵ
λģҵȼȻ˾Ͳʳԡһ˵
ˣ֮Ѿ½ΪǽӡϢ»ᵼ´½СɡĿڣ˵
²ضǣӡ֮գҵȣ˳֮֡ҵҲؽħ˵ݹֻšʱֻѸ£չͼϽС˰˰֣˵
λѾһдˣ±޻˵ˡһ̯Ц
Ȼᵽ˷ӡ֮ˣϷڴ˵һ¡µĽƣӦ޷ֱɱӦúϹʱڵǸħһ㣬ָӡ½ذɣħڵĺ߿˵
˾ͽѣ֮⣬ĪҪĲ壿üͷһ壬˵
׳ϣɫҲһ
Ϲʱڵķħ֮ս潫Ǿħ֪ӡ˺δǱڵֵ֮ڳ֮λ֪ܲɣֻҪ֮ѣѵ˲ô۾ߺٺһЦ˵
ɫһ䣬Ҫ˵
Ե׳ȿڣֹ
˾ͽѵҲǲɣϾҵͨô꣬һֱҲû˿Խһŷ֮Բġҹ۲죬ƺֹһַ֮飬ӡɹ֮󣬽尴˴ι״Сָλ֮ˣħģԴΣ½
µ⣡֪λϣΣħڵĺɫһϲΧһȦʵ
ڳ֮У󲿷ͨʿж¶̰ɫĬû˵ȻĬ˴¡
ħʬ壬Ȼ֮õģȻ³֮⣬ȻĴ̫ڷֵôͷվʤޣܽ˲һЩطǿǳˡ
һ̫λͨĬȻû⣬ڳ֮˶һԴϲģ


1542 
ͬʱɽһԴĹ֮С
ƣ´滨ݣϪˮ洦ɼһԴȻ¡
⣬ɸܵг֮
Զɽءȡ
ɽΪĴ̫֮һ̫ŵɽڣӵĸɽ⣬ȻҲһЩԣĶ츣ء
һԣЩطΪϳϣԼشΪõģɽʱշ֮ȥȪȣ֮һ
⴦۸涼ԶʤȪȵĺȣΪĶڡ
ֻǳ⣬ֻҶüǬˡ
⣬˲޹ʿȡ
ʵ̫ŵ˭֪ݺΪ޲֮ڣĸ㿿λĦʥȼޡ
һ¥һ䷿Уϥдʡ
ǰƯһƬƣǬУ˫Ŀգƺڻ֮С
Ҷüмֵɫ
κִһ̹⣬ûǬü֮У̽Ƭֻ̣ɢȥ̹⡣
ôˣҶüˣʵ
ͬĿǬƵϣͬڵش
ǬԴڹɽ֮иɼ֮󣬱һֱֻ״̬δת
ǿд߶ϹŴ󣬲;͸֧ȣͬʱɢķ֮˽б׻壬û֮ǡֻǿҪ˯һʱˡջֱۣ˵
˵ĻҾͷˡҶüһ
ŴԣҲһɡ
ִһƹ⣬Ǭɽڡ
һ£תҶüŮ̾˿˵üһҪ֮£Ҫ˵
ŮĿһɫ΢΢һ졣
Ҷü޾ףģνǧʱ˫ֵĺ飬ʹñ͹ɫĶŮԶˡ
ǰһˣŶŮɢĵ㣬вЩסŮ֡
Ҷüɫ̺죬δ֣ס
ո˵Ҫ˵ʲôദʱϳǾٶӦȻһЩߴٵ
üͷһ壬ߵƺЩԳڡ
Ƭ֮̾˿˵֪ΪһЩԵʣ½ʱʮޡٹ꣬ҪȷϽˡ
½Լ£ܷ֮ඥӶ֮£Щ㵵Ů򵥽һȻ漰һЩ춴ԭʼħϽʿ֮£Ȼȥˡ
ʹˣŮɫҲǱò԰ֽ
֪Ͻ̱׼ϣɹδҲ˵
˼Ҫ˵ˡҼѾδΣжװµڶˡҶüĳصǰδеļᶨ
ҲһĿˮĿ˵
зһָԵɳһ漴ȻһЦ˿Щˡ
ŮԣҲ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ˣ˴ұǺúóһ½Ѱһ˴ŵ徻֮úöȹµÿһաѽ˵зеһɣ˵
Ҷüɫ΢죬صͷ
һ˿ů⣬ֳһ˿Ľ˻
˼Ȼ¶ļȻ޽٣ദǢ

½Ϊٺף綼Ϊٿ֮ʱ½ĳƵɽ壬ȴɾ糣һ㡣
ɽĵײһ׽׵ʯ·һֱ쵽ɽ
·ͷд֮УһƬĴԺӻɫԺǽɫ
Ժ룬ȻһŲΧһÿòľӵţڲʱһԶ
Ƿʥأ꼹ɽڡ
˿̣Զһɶݶ󣬱Ժſڡ
ݹȥ¶һ̬£ƮƮŮӣϴһɫߣò
ŮңңһԺĹ˫ĿԼбâ
ţ̧̤Ժ֮Уڵ䴩
Ĵ󣬵ŮȴƺʮϤ;һЩɮˣƺҲԴŮ޶һ㣬Ժ߹հת
ʱŮڹײĴǰһɹ󣬱ֱŶ롣
ڹһ봦ϥһ°ɮۣĿУΧΧŰյŵơ
ڴˣȻܹһϳ˺ȻǵʦͺȻԺɫ¹ʱΪеǸС
ڻˡˣƺϵһ㣬һЦ
û뵽ʷֽˡǺǣΣ͵ơɫŮ̾һĵ˵࣬·ݺһ㡣
һнֻأڤڤ֮Уע˫ֺʮһţ˵
²棬Ҵ˷ǰֻΪһ䣬Э飬ûɣɫŮЦһʵ
ȻǵáпЦһ漴ͷ˵
ǾĳŵȥɡɫŮӵ˵
гƬ̣ڻǵ˵ͷ漴ɫȻ˵ѣҲǵĳŵһԵǿ
ɫŮ΢΢һ٣վǵ˵ͷ

ԽԽѾĸϵ̫ţһЩڴںȺ󣬱Ҫǰݼ
ЩˣѡܶģڶҪһݵΪʧ
һЩȥʶ֮ˣŷҵŷٻã칤ԽˣǼһ档
ֻΪŷûԽǾη꣬һ˵ĸо
ڴڼ䣬ҲȥһȪȣǱ̫շƣһϽУһ棬ҲΪ̫֮£ȴһ׮¡
Ȼڴ˽Ȼǲ˵ġ
⣬ȥһķ壬ڼʦ֪ڱչغ󣬱˲ٷ伮͵ҩ
ЩѺôǶ飬壬ķԣȴһϡѰ޼֮

һգȸ¥֮С
ϥأֱڹ⣬ǰһ˰ϵĽҢ档
ǵʱնɱҢԪ
˿ʩչѻǴѧģΪҢԪͣȻѾѻơ
Ƭ֮󣬽ҢԪͻȻһһŹֵĽɫĴͷӿֶƮ費
üͷһ壬ҪЩʲô֮ʱЩɫȻһĿҫ۽âšۡһԪһӱѿ漴ɻˡ
ɢȥ˫ֺڹ⣬ɫһ粻


1543 ħ
ҵʲôõϢ޲Tſļ֮ϣ״ʵ
ƺԪĳֹ֮Ľƣһļ䣬ԶˡҲ˽һЩҢ֮¡ԭҢߣνķʣΪѳԽˣǺա
ֵעıǣӡ˹ɽǴռѷЩҢûа취ٴƿռ䣬½ˡüͷһ壬漴չл˵
ȻΪƿһ˾޴ĿռͨǰףЩҢûƽ֮ȫĸǰ׼˰ˡ֮ٽ紦ǹɽˣûĸҲ޲ˡ޲TٺЦ
޲TǰҢΪ˽ӣԣ¶ЦЦ顣
ּһЩѡ޲TĿ£˵ƺԸ̸ӡ
ˣҪ˵Щʲô֮ʱȻɫһֳһ˿֮ɫ
ţ΢΢һ̣һ䣺һλˡ
޲TԣҲûж˵ʲôһ֮£޴С
һΣΪһڹ⳯ȥһ̣α˺ȹȿڡ
ʱһ°ɮ۵פתһЦ
ԭˣһû뵽ܹڴټǰȴݣĿУɻ˶ǰǳԣȻһЦ
ѻܼǵСɮСɮ֮˫ֺʮ
ѿˣһ𡣡ĿһһƵ
ԷΪƲڵӣȴԼһһϸɴһĹŹָоЩ֮С
⣬Լǲ˲ٽƣûͬ⣬Ī˵Ǵˣһ˿һ죬Ҳ봫зֺ
ȴܽޱȵĴԼ֮УʵЩˡ
꼹ɽʵмŵв𼸷ֺ֮ġ
⵹ˣСɮ˴ǰݷѣ֮УҪѼһ档˵
Ŵ˻ɫһʵޣ֪λҪĳ棿
˵˲ѾʶѻмԨԴġѼ֮Ȼ֪ˡһЦ˵
ȻǴʦĳһ˱ǡüһ漴˵
΢΢һЦҲ˵Ȼֳɫ⣬壬Զȥ
ǰУоһ
ʵҲκƣ廯Ϊһڹ⣬˺档
Ƭ֮˱뿪ɽǧһƫƧɽǰ
ңңɨһۣ㷢һɫߵĻŮӣվɽ֮ϡ
ۼ˷ɶݶŮ͸ߣƵϡ
㡭
һεɽ֮ϣԷԶ´һۻŮӣɫһ
ŮȻûмϵ⸱ȴǼģͺܾǰڵǬһģһҴϵϢҲǬΪơ
ǬѣԼѽһԼ˰ɣп˻Ůӣ˵
лѡˣǬҵԼˡŮӶй˹ֵ
΢΢˵ͷתһЦ漴һε˸һɽ֮ϣδ뿪ϥ£ԹԵо
һеľٶһڼӻŮӵĸо
Ůһۣת׿
ҸýǬʦ֣ǬźãŻŮӣ¶ЦЦɫʵ
ʵǬһ֣ҪΪǬҲ޲ɡԼˣһ档Ǭȴɫһ˵
ۼǬ仯΢΢һȴû˵ȺԷ
ֿ֪Ǭ˵ţȡһɫ˹
üͷ΢壬ӹ򣬳һ£ǽ˶ͷ֮ϣʶ̽С
֮еĲ֣һɹɻ棬·ˮһķ¼һ㡣
һĻĻۻһ㣬ʶ֮зɿʱޱȣʱʲ塣
ݺܳƺ϶ļһӵһ
ϵķοΪϣһЩ伮ϿϹŷκΪرǣһ˫۾ͫףȻǱɫġ
֮УӴʱʼ㿪ʼֳΪ׿Խ츳һħ֮пǱ֮£Ϊչɿ죬ΪڳͣΪ˵Ľݵһ̳
漴һתĸߴĺɫӰڴ½֮кУ¾壬ֳǳأЩӰϲħƣȻǹħһģȻ̷𷴿
ʱ۷ӣҲ˶Կħ˵Ĵ֮С
ڽνУӽնɱħˣΪʿһԱպĴ󽫣ʵս֮и컯ΪͻͽһͻͨȻҲħΪж
浽˴˴Ȼ·ת
һδħս֮Уħλͨƣ¾֮£󣬱ܻ׽
Щħħ˲δ֮ɱʩչĳּʽģڵħʩչԪ
龰֮࣬һ˿ɫ
ڱעһΪŹֵѪҺħ֮Ϯ֮£ڳΪһ˰ħĴڣһħαǣͬħڣǱɱŰһͨħ˸޷
ħͼͨٿشˣƻĺӪּᣬǧһ֮ʣսʤħħ˵ƿأָǡ
ԭıħתħʣΪȻһ̶򣬲ͻΪ֮еǿߡ
˺˴㣬Ĺħնɱ塣
Ǿ緢ףʤʱȴڵͨʿְ㣬һ޴ɫ׵Ʒ󣬽˷ӡ
ֻΪ޷ɱһۺձ֫˼֣Щʿӡ˼ط
һĻĻ׶شĿڡ
ÿ龹ֳһ˿Ǳõһħ΢΢һ漴һɲɶƵıŭڶ𣬸޷ơ

ȻֳһѪ˿ϺðһħƺȻֶ渡ֳһööƬ˾˲ħ
ȼΧĿռͬڵˮһ㡣
еŭתһѪƻǿҳ嶯
ͷǿңһֽǰһоɱ¾½ʹ˻ɽԹ֮С
ɢϢͷıǿͽȻǣħǱɣΪģԭжʱܲԲû谵һƬ
ţľҺһȦȦβе˷ɢ
תۼ䣬һ˶ޱȣյΪģȻγɡ
һʱ䣬ɫ䣬ˣ


1544 ħһ
վھǬħģ˫ĿâɫڱµȴԷһ˿Ц⡣
ڴʱһϯһ½ɫһƷɡ
ʱһ㵹ľ¶ɣΨһ볣˲ͬǣŮ˫ͫ׺ȻǱɫġ
Ǭģ޾֮ɫĿתƺڵȴʲôһ㡣
ĿȻһת˫ĿѪĿǬֱһ̧һž֮촫ƱҪһȭǬ
ʱԼһ˿֮ɫбӳȭͷͣһ¡
Ǭȴûж֮⣬һһȥ
״һϵ֮ɫȻ޴棬ȡ֮֮ɫ
֡ӡ𣡡
֮ʣһķŶȻڶͬӴһ㣬ֱӴ
ͬʱǰɫӰһгǬ֮䡣
ֻǴ˿̵˫Ŀתԭ°׵ɮ۹𣬱ʢɫӿ֣ԼһӰ֡
һ꼻һְ㣬µͬʱָ糣ˡ
ȴһඥһ㣬˫ĿѪȥǻȻָѣŵŵ˼ħҲɲǼָԭ
ԭɫҲȻֹ

ڴŴģһŻָƽֻȴǺȻ֮
ΪԼΪӴɱħѿƿˡ
ȴϵһ侳ľĵħʹٲľء
ĽǬһȭɱɱ¾Ѫ̼£Լ½޷ƽϢΪһֻ֪ɱ¾ħˡ
лѡĿһ۾ʱѾָƽ˵
΢΢һЦһţû˵
ĿһתĿ˲ԶǬһۡ
Ǭƽӡ
еӣƺмơĪǣĺˣƺԴŮľ޶ãָһɫΪһ׹⣬ɻǬǰ

Ǭӹɫ΢΢һ촽˵ƺҪ˵ʲôվû˵ڡ
΢΢һЩʲô
ǬĿһۣĵ̾һһȻΪһɫݹ⣬Զȥתۼ䣬ûԶɽ֮С
ѣ֮صģɶģüͷ΢壬תУԥһ£ʵ
ԣһţƺûлش˼ɫһĻΪһŽ⣬Զȥֻһ䵭ŵħһĿǣ
һ£ӰѾʧʡ
Ʒеĺ壬һԲվԭأɫ粻
˵Լ˿̵ĴǬеƣ
Ҳ֪ΪΣԼһִƺˣԼһ㡣
صǬȻӰ˵ĺӦö廳һԹޣԼĿģƺҪԼ֣֮һ㡣
ͬʱȴֽҪԼһЩҪϢ
һƵģʵһӦö֪ȴֲԸƣһ仰ƺԼʲô
ڴ˴վ˰Σ֮ǻΪһڹ⣬̫ŷȥ
Ƭ֮󣬵صɽʱѾκ״
̤ȸ¥֮ʱȴһ˿⡣
ʲô飿ڣҶüЩ쳣ɳʵ
ûʲôֻǸոճȥһѣһЩǰ顣ҡҡͷ˵
Ҷü΢΢˵ͷûжʡ
أʵ
ҴܵĲط򡣡Ҷüɫ֪Ϊ΢΢һ죬漴˵
һ˵ͷߵ۾ƺڿʲô
Ƭ֮һĵĲ㴫ı
۾һԡ
Ҷüһ裬漴
ڿʲôҶüĿˮĿʵ
ŴŮɢĵ㣬Щֱ§סҶüһ˻УһֻḧҶüϾС֮ϣȥ
Ҷüɫһ̺죬Ŀ⿴չصңʯŽգһɣЩĿһۡ
ڻҶü˵ɫһҶü°ͣĺ촽
Ҷüзһૣ޹ǵĽС
Ҷüᱧҡ
Թߵڷл֮󣬷вŻָƽ
Ȼδ˫޴䣬Щʱգ˶ĥ֮½ʱ޶࣬ѿԽ֮ƷޱȵĹʵ
һָҶüԲ֮ḧŪ
ҶüɫԴһ˿ϼ¶δãͱ̢ġ
ҶüĽ˻УĿ𽥼ᶨ

תۼ䣬³ڶ
̫ڵɽѱĽƣɽ֮УǱѤ쳣ɫϼ֣ƣɾ
ɽ滨ʤɽŻ԰һ㡣
˴δ䣬½еĴСһЩɢ޶Ҫһõһ˵ݣ֮ࡣ
̫ΪĴ̫֮һҴҵȻļ࣬׼֮£ҲǴӦԡ
˴δ쳡أ̫֮ϣ˿̵㳡ϻŽأԣ帽ļɽҲȸʰ쵣ƺΪС
˿̴󲿷ֱͶۼ帽ɽĹ㳡֮ϣżһЩ󾳳ϺͷӴ
һЩĴʿĴ̫ڡȡԼ˴ҵͨ棬ȴûг
Ҳû˾֡
ЩʿȻֵĵط˿Ӧö֮С
İţĸʧҲ޻˵ֻϣʱңңϴ˵еһۣҲ֪ˡ
̫Ϊʢᣬ׼ҲǼ࣬ŵľȻͨû֣㳡֮Ȼַǳ
ͬʱ̫֮Уɵͨھۼڴˡ
ɴܱ˴˿ɵ̸Ц⣬󶼾ۼڴ֮½ӭΥĺƽ֮佫ά֮׵ĺƽ
â΢ıĵǡ
Ĵ̫Ϊ׵ļλͨʿ˿ҲЩ
칤Ŀ⿴˴һտҲΪ衣
Ŀоһһж׼˷֮࣬Щ֮ȥ
ڴ˿̣һɫݹԶ֮ϡ
ݹһɢֳӰ
ǶǰԻվҶüλˡ
ƣ֪ʱͻ浤ڵƿδȹ̣Щӫ¶⡣
ˣ
֮϶ʱһԶӹ˷ԶԶȥ죬òϢ


1545 ͼذ
ټ죬֮ǰδΧ֮ע⡣
ֱӹ֮һ죬ɽ㳡ϵĸʿʶʲô̸ֹۣͣ׷վĿȵĳ巽ȥ
ЩУвٻûмȻôǧѷ֮͵͵
̫֮Уʮͨʿ˿Ҳæӭ˳ڼǹǰǴҶüһͬʱ̫⣬˵˾΢΢һʶһɨ֮£㼴Ȼ
ǰ
ͨʿˣ˵Ĵ£
ǰ
ɽ㳡֮ϵڶʿ״Ҳæ񣬽ʮͬԶԶ˳ȥ
ض񣬶ɡ˴κƽѹʵΪ˲ߣĳ֮ڤڤ֮У춨ν˷أط죬취Ȼλܼرģ޳ɴĿ˵һɨ˵һϯ
ȴգۼ˷ɢڷԲϿջصѡ
ֳʱһƬžڳĶʮͨڣҲһ˿֮ɫ˸һéٿ֮С
ֻˡ׳ϡħں۾ߡ˵ʹĶͷϣȴڳһϸ΢飬иǲ׾һ˿
ƬžƬ̺󣬱ΧĿϲϡ
ʿ½ڵԶȹһĺƽٶ쳣
ȻҲвˣܹ׶һڽϲѡ
⿴ƽƽһλʵ̺һֶطĴμӴ˴δģǸڸ֮ߣЩд˾Ӷ࣬Ȼ̾ڽ
ֻʵ̫ѵˣ
Щ˶Ҵ˷ܹμ䣬治У֮ǰκθֵˡ
ֻǴЩΪ츳Ҳǲβһ٣ȻҲ˻Եˡ
ȻϯһЩ˶Уƽһζ
ŷҵŷٻá칤ԽȵѦ̵ˣڿԼΪµȴΪԼĪĴڣгĽһݳ˼̾Ϣ
Ϊ̫̳ɡɳͨ죬ңңŶԼ˪ȴС񡭡˰ҶüĽУȻҲдļʣԼ̾˵Ĳ
ǰй飬йһ֮Ե֮ˣ˿Ҳɫ죬鸴ӡ
ͬʱھЩһͨɽ嶥һ۵Ľ˫վ
Ŀеת巽΢΢˵ͷ̶ҡҡͷֻأӦˬһнһ䡣
漴ҡҡͷһʧԭء

лǰߴͽ̣
գ˴ͷл֮£㳡ϣʮͨʿһϤվ
ɽ㳡ϵʿ״Ҳ֮׷
ȴİ˰֣һԲĴҶüŮⲽ߽̫
㳡⣬Ϊ׵׳ϡħھ߶һۣоһ˿Ȼâ漴󣬳ȥ
֮ϡ
ͬʱ˽ûãΧһƬ⣬һ¾γһʵĹĻС
ĻʶмãʹΧɽ޷̽ˡ
Ļγɵͬʱȴһ˿׾ľ⣬Ųȴûͣ·ֱֺǰվ
ǰ
˴վ˹˵
Ŀ⿴ǰĿλ΢΢˵ͷκԥǰת
Ҷü¡
֮ϣ˵оһɡ
λ˷սҲΪˣ˾°ɡϸ΢仯Уͷת£ȴɫ˿δĵ˵
˿һ¡
ֻʮλڸڸӸλͨʱƺ֪˵ʲôźã˶ݵ䳡
üҵ˫ް£֮ǰδĳμӴ䣬λһ¼֤λɡǺһЦȿڣ˳Ĭ
һҶüŮɫ΢΢졣
еͨʿǶǲ֪˶֮ˣȻѿˣһ漴׷׵ͷأҲ˵һЩϲĻ
ƺһ»˲١
Ůɵͷȥȴϲɫ
ǰΪ½Σ壬գǲϧӡѷ죬˷ݶ齫ʷ˴䣬ҵȸҳϱһݱıģɾ⣬ǰЦɡڴʱ칤վһ
λ̫ˡһЦ
˼ûоܾ֮⣬漴˫ǰƺ׼õһɫУߵǰϹϾĽǰһϣȥ
УȤİ
ǰһۣеĶ䲻ʮ󣬵Ҳ൱֮Ц
΢΢ͷָ΢΢киǡ
ˡһ
ʱһмһš
ͬʱµΧâʢȻֳɫ׹⡣
Ǿף
һɫ׹ݺύĻһ˲Ϣ۳һԲ͵ķ󣬽Ҷü档
ܳڴϸɫγһɫһĶ˫֣˫ס
ͬʱɽ걻Ƹǵĺ֮УҲƵ
ĺƾҷ֮£һɫ׹۳һִޱȵɫɽϿնһ޴ĻߣһͷָλȻ
޴;Ȼ帽ʿĿ׷ɫվ𣬲֪˺¡
λѲؿֻţ˷ǰΪӡռѷֹҢ٣ʹʧ֮˷ڸɵͨϣ׼䣬ΪǰһΪл˿̣Ӧڽʲô׼ɡڴʱ̫ųڰգ˵
˵Ҳһ˿ɻ
̫ϵȷ֮Ϊһδȷ֪ľ֮ģȴʱ۷ʱزҪֳҡ
Ȼ̫ϳ˷ԸȻҲֻա
̫Ϊ˴δߣľԳͣ㳡֮ϵ֮£ǲķ׷
Ȼͨڼر˴ҲûʲôֵģֻԼ̫Сˡ
֮УĴ̫ڵͨʿ֪ʱ˾׷Χ
ˣ׳ϣ̫ϣħں˸ռһǣǰһ鿴Ϊϵʯ塣
ʯ֮һ֮·ƺһ̣ҪӺܶࡣ
Ŀʯɢƣף࣬ĵע뵽ľ׷֮С
γɵķǴ˽룬ϵľҲܼ˺ܶࡣ


1546 
֮УȫڹΣȻȫз
ڹӿǿħĲ֮ҲĸӦˡ
ԣҶüûϵᷢ˾޴ͻ䣬ɫһס
䲻֪ΪЩͨʿ´˵󣬵ԶŮʵȻ޴ӷģŮȴû¶̫ྪ֮ɫֻվԭأĿĿ֮˵һһ
˴Լȵͨʿǣ˿Ŀⶼˣ棬׳ϺħںϣϾ¶㷲ɫ
Ͼ֮ǰȻڳ̫̫ڵƣԼһ˿̰ͽͬ˴˴ж
ԴԺЩͨʿһϸϸ£Щ
ʵȻͨʿͨʿĲ྿Σû̫ͬʱĴ̫ڼչж˽٣óóȻ˴η粨ʵǻϡ
㳡һϯжڵʶ;ηּ˼֡
ֻڣȴЩˣֻмϣһ˳ˡ
˵ȻҲ֮ڵɫϾзɿдʣǰʯâţಡһ֮У档
ڴ˿̣һѷľ졣
֮У˫ϵľ׼ȻһɾӲϡ
֮ͨɫһ䣬Ǵ˿ҲΪֻš
Ҫ˫ŵļΧ󷨹ĻϹâһִɫֳһ㽫һס
εɫ֮ǰȻͬϵĺڹһ̷ꡱɢ
ֳʹ֮ɫƺһ屻סҲ޷ֺ
ۼ˾֮еɫʱһɡ
ƺо޷ѳȥٶĿĳΧȥ
λʲôĳûеǣΪҪô˵ϹŽƶԸĳʵ
Χͨڻһۣһʱû˵
ת׿棬ĿɭȻ
㳤ϣĳΪ̫һԱϴδΣ̫棬Ϊƺңʵ
汻ĿֱӣɫһſڣҪ˵Щʲôվҡҡͷ̾˿û˵
㲻ͼıʲôˡԼӦñڳ˶һԵ׳˵
½ħ޵УǲȥؽŻ½ǧ顣
ΪѰַ޷ȥҵֻö洫µĴ󣬽ħ֫⣬ٷֱӡˣħھ̾˿
Ŀһתڳһһɨ¶һ˿λѵˣҳ֣Ǵ˿̿˹ɽ½ҲͿ̿
һڳͨʿһϸ¶֮ɫʱƿĿ⣬ֱĿ⡣
Ī塭ҵԲǣΪħ֮£˽ڳˣ֪Աȫ½Ҳæһˡ俪˵
ɫһϷζ
¡漰½ǧʿԼδҵȲѲų²ߣϣܹ⡣̾˿˵
ԷģҵºΪĹȥҲˡħڵĺ۾˵
⼸˵仯۵ףǷһ˿Ц˵
ֻ˫ĿϹһ󷨸ȥϹâһֳһɫħƣϺţ
ƺҲľ΢΢ҡ
ֻЩһɫ׹⣬ѸɢΧĴ˿ϵķԽԽȫסˡ
ҲͼˡϹ֮ʱ֮רЩϹħģĴ̫ڸһ̫ŵĽۣ̺ľ֮ħǣȻ㷨֮ͨ죬Ҳ޷ʩչֺġ˵
Ŵ˻ɫ΢΢һ䡣
֮£ЩϹħҲ޷ο㣿ģֿһЩ˳Ц
ãΪħˣǼɵԹԿ˵ֻǻʵ壬ܹǡɫĬȻƺ˵ֿĿ⿴һԵҶü˵
ȻѾɵ£ȻͬαذǣϵȻ˿ηɫҲޣ˵
Ǵ˵֮˿ڡҶüҲ俪ڣɨ˴һۡ
ߣĵ£ƾһ仰ͷŹնȻҪ˿˼Ŀ⣬дŭնĿڵ
ûһŮ֮У˻УǺ׳Ҳ˵ûֱ˵ʲô֮ȴԲˡ
ˣȥԻڣŪǷǡħں۾ߵͷ͵
ȻΧЩͨʿ˿ȴû̳ͣɫ
ûˣĿֻǿԵĻǡˡ
ڳͨʿĿҲˡ
˴Ͼ̫ڣҶü̫ˣӡ̫ų˴˵ĻȻҲ᲻ͬ
ѣĳ飿ɫһ˵
λѣܹϷ棬ֻӡɣ˶Ů̫ǶΪ಻󾳶ѡһ˵ģҲ˲ʲô˵ġ̫Ÿ𿴹ܣһ·ɣǡһۺ˵
ˡ׳Լħں۾ɫһ䣬δڣŷҵλüߣȴڴʱڵϷи뷨Ů˫޵£Ͼ壬ʲôǽ֮ɱδЩס˼鲻⴫Ϊ罫ŮΪȥΪˣ˼ڣմһ̤ɽ硣λΣ
ŷѴ˷У
˫ȫ֮ߣȲʧ壬ֿ󻼡
ͬŷѵĽ顣
ŷһ鷽һڣõ˴ҡȼ˵ĸ͡
칤ڡȻԺħڵλͨʿҲи֮⣬ֻǰ˵ڴˣûг԰ˡ
ϾЩΪزǴ˷֣ƽǲмٲκһЩɱɱ֮ˣȥɱ޵ֿŮʿʦһ˳ȥϿǹҲסġ
ˡ׳ϼħ˾ͽɫѿˡ
ǵҪɱŮ죬ŷߵҲֻ½ݣ֮ǰȻݻ˵ˣջأϣҲЩҲסġ


1547 þ
ڳʮͨʿΪδҶüִһʣ֮ʱ֮УȴЦ
Ϸ˰ɣ
䣬ϹâһڹţƾͬʱһöɫԲϷһ֮£ûΧ֮С
ɫԲһת̴зɳһɾΧԭƾ˵ɫ׵磬ƺܵĳһ㣬׷׳ԲĴӿȥ
ɫܶʱ
ڹ֮УȻǴ˱ؿڴɫӡһϵɫ˿ƺһɷ֮ѹƣâࡣ
ͺһȻһ
飡һ죡
ϵķȻһϣΧľ׽ƺȻ˴âѸ֮ȥ
ͺһһȭȻϢΧ֮ϡ
ꡱͬ壬Ȼѡ
һľʯ㣬ΧԭԴǼҵͨһʱ͵Ӧ
ǷӦʱӰһָסҶüѾ˴֮С
Ҷü˿̣ǲ˼֮ɫոյļɲǣǶԣͷ·֮
⡭ⲻܡ㡭
ɫ֮кȻ˵ţȴȥ
˲ҲһķӦĿ翴һĿɫҰףǺȻ
ȽΪٽ壬ŷħ֮ʵɱ˶ᱦ֮ɣ
һΪͨڼһĲȴǵȱһ˵Со֪Щͨλ֪̾˶ٵӵʬǡȱͬǣһΣֻأӦˣ
ԭΪδöȣ벻ղŸλˣҲʡٷˣ
Ц⻺ɢһ˵仰Ҳ
ÿһ仰£һشڳʮͨʿС
һ仰£ڳ֮ͬػһ㣬ɫǰҡ
Ȼڴ˿̣׹Ȼ缤ûдǳԱߵҶüŮȥ
׹֮ķɽٶȼ죬תۼ㵽ҶüǰȻն¡
ֵģǺȻԺ׳ϡ
ɫһֿһӣһڹɫɽڰ;Ȼֹͣ顱ʹѿ
λ𱻴ħ󣬴˷ǿƻƣĿ϶Ļᣬһ֣ĪҪ˿Ϣ֮׳ϴһϽţǱɫ鱾
Ȼҧ⣬ſһѪڽɫ鱾֮ϡ
ɫ鱾Ȼţһ̣һɫȥ
ڳͨһԥ֮ɫֻһţ漴Լǿķ
׳ƺǣû·һһ
̫ŵˣһۣӶԷпһ˿Ρ
鷢չһزԸȻ˵һƺû·
ʮ⼤۳һ޴󱦹֮ղѣ˺ѳһռѷ죬ͬʱںȥƾˡ

ҡҡͷ̹һħ޳УȻһ޳
Ȼһը죬һɫӰݺ˷
һ˺ѵصľβ·쫷һϯ
⿴ƽƽһ޻̺һɿֲ֮ķ򲨶ڳͨڵķһɢ̼߽⡣
ʮâɢɣСɷҲ⡣
ڳʮͨʿҲһɷ֮£ŵɳȥ˵ϣѪ硣
ɫҲ΢΢һףһϰ׹΢תۼָԭ״
ʱ˵ͨڣھˣ麣Ҳܵ˲̶ͬˣվҲƺ޷˵ˡ
ɫ֮Ŀֳɫ޵ֱ˿̣ƺʶʵ
Ϊħˣ࣬ı죬һջŻ壬Ĳûдֻҵʵãǧ㣬ȴϵ׾Ҳ޷ס㡣ɫ԰ֽЦһ
׻ħϹħ嶼мǿĿ֮ЧҶԣȴʲôǵЩı㣬ԤУҵĶλ˿һʲôϷˡ
壬̬¶һԵҶü˿ȴ˵һ䡣
󣬵ڳ֮˶εȾˣȻ
Щ˵вѲ֪Ϊ˿Ҷüôһʿָȴ޵ݣ޷粵
Ϊλ߱ӣǧŲı䣿
һЦһָ̧ȻһɫâΪһȭͷСɫת
ԣּֿɫɫѿ쳣ˡ׳ϵΪ֮˸ɫȻ˼㡣
һ뵽ޣһˮЩøʢͨʿ˿̵飬ͺèʱûʲô
ֶڵϵʿĿ˸֪Щʲô
û˵֮ȻҲҳ
һʱ֮ڣѻȸ
ұýЩϤɱڴˣұ㣡κĿڵ
һеɫЩȻȴϲɫ
⣬ӣ
һһӡ
еɫȻΪһɫ⣬һŵûƵľ׽֮С
һƺڹһĿʯ屻ɫץ˳
Ŀʯ֮ϣɫâһʯķĽṹӳС
ɫһִһɺסĿʯ壬ɿ͸˽ȥ
Ŀʯɢĸɫâʧתۼ仯Ϊ˴ڹâˣ˺ֹʮ
ȥָһ
ʯ廯Ϊĵڹ⣬û˾״֮С
׽ɫţĴ󼸸֮䣬ָ糣޸˹
дʣһִֻһ
׽ƺһȻһɫâӴмΪһֻ޴֣칤ˣȻԺ³ϣԼħھ߾ץУһ˽֮С
ʲô׳ɫ䣬ȵ
ҲѪɫ
ţдʣһɫһΪһ׵ģ״
˴죬󷨹ĻԪӿһɫ׵Ĵпӿ漴лһΪһʮɴСġ⡯֡
Ƭɫϼӡ⡯֮ɢ档
ֻһһӴĽ֮ϼɢֱû뵤麣ʶ֮С

ɫʱޱȣоǺҽУһʹģȴ޷ֺ
˷żȼζҪüأҴ˿̱Ҳɱǣֻڴˣҹҹ֮߱ʹֱԪľ಻ֻءüһ赭д˵


1548 
һΧԭĿɿڴͨʿǣ׷һ
˵ΪҶüʵѿǴ˴εı
ûɱˣֶΣȴڱɱǻҪ˵
Ҫ֪ͨԪ֮೤ڽĽ޾Ҫַܴĥ
״֮õľǣҲȻԪľɢ
˿ڳͨʿмֽңԼǵûͬ˹۵նɱŮ
ͬʱְҡ
ˣ½۷壬طĲҲѾﵽһ־˳̶ȣȻȴڵָһ֮䣬תա
νһƣһϣվֻء
һкʩչһ֣м˵ĲҽϤУʹ֮ȴû˿ʹóԹ졣
ûȥڽеˣתͷĿŷҰüߵȰ˴ҡϻɨ
ЩԭЩп֮ɫ˿̱Ŀһɨ֮£ɫʱɷһƬﻹ˵ȥͬˣ׷׹ſڣ˵Щʲô
ڴʱ˫ĿϹһתһɾ޴ѹ׵ͻȻ
ѹǿЩţ̫ʮͨʿֻһһڣ׷סͨһֱӰ򵹵ء
ЩӦ߶ڷҪ֮ˣܵ˷ɣ֮УѪʳ
ЩԭӿߵǧȻ˻ȥ
֪Ҫ˵ʲô޷ǾܵƲϵˡǴıǰףΪʲôԵʣ̸ü֮ϣվһء˿䣬е˵
ʮͨʿԣ΢΢һɡ
ڴʱֻ̧һžУɫâӿٴ۳һɫ
ͬʱؿɫӡâʢ죬һɫ绡ƶɿɫ۶ȥ䲻Ǵ֮£̼ͻΪС
ڳŷҰüڵʮͨʿʱŵѪɫֻǰ޷ֺ޷˵㡣
Щ仯޶ãзһ仯漴ſһھѪΪʮŹַģ׷һû֮С
ÿûһöŹַģɫбֳм˿ѪɫһСȭͷСɫҲ֮Сһ֡
Ƭ̺ǰʮŴѪɫɫȻЩŵͨʿһ޶
Щͨʿ˴˿̣ﻹ᲻֪׼ǵĳֽƣַ̺֮ӡ
һ봦˵˵Ĳ״Щ˱дڲѡ
Ҫ˿ֿԸ촽ĵ˵
䣬һӡ
ʱʮ򣬷׷ɢԲ˼ٶȵʮͨʿǰһŵûЩ˵֮УӰ
Щʱһᣬ˲ָƿкȻ֮£Ȼ˿ٶֻùԹԵĽ塣
һ̣Ǳ֮пտյ𵤾һɫ
ţ˷׷ɫ
Ϊ̷ˣԼ֮ϵȫжϣֻɫһۻССף¶һ˿ԺԲƵķ
ڴʱ˶𣺡ʩϵķӡǧ꣬ڴڼ䣬ܵõķһˣҶǵĳͽˡ
Ȼǧ֮У½ʲôƽ٣Իǽ⡣
Ŵԣɫ粻
ƽԵͽʿϲڸԼϢֳ緲һģ̽ʵ񵹺ãÿڸǣҲûʲôϢˡ
ȻǵͷͨڣȻ˸Ҷǳֵģȴ޷ġ
ʱЩжûӿһͷǾǣ뿪ﷵУ̱չǧꡣ
ǧʱ䣬Ƕԣֻ̫ɵ÷֮΢³ǿ⣬ʲôˣ̸ˡ
һˣЩпɬȴҲ޻˵
ǸҶüһأҲȷȷʵʵһء
ڴЩ˺ڽĿ⿴̫ŵλͨʿ㣬Լǡ
ǰҵ飬˵֮£ʵ޵ݣ˿Ϥǰãҵ˺Թԡ̫޹أϣǰҪǨŭ޹һ̾Ե
Ҳǹֶû˵
ַųһƣУ漴е˵ĳʼ̫Ž²֮Եҵõ飬ЩЧ֮ϧԸΥбЩҲΪǣֻǴӽ̫ţǷ
һ仰һһٵ˵ڵģһֲɵĿ
ԣһ𣬿Ҫ˵ЩʲôȴֱӰֹ
Χʮ˾ɲУĻ֮ɢ
ûٿΧһۣһ˿ȻɫסҶü֣˵߰ɡ
Ҷü飬ƺʲô΢΢ͷ
¶һ˿Ц⣬һӣϸֳһڹ⣬Ӱ֡
ڹһ˵ӰӴ֮ʧˣֻڳʮͨʿ

ɽϿգ˫֣ƾնҶüһࡣ
϶һ޵ĵ⣬濴Ļ˿ӰϢ޷ֺ̽
ʱɽ֮У쳣ĽţûвеһС
ΪʲôЩ֮ɱ⣿ɻ֮ɫĿʵ
ɱΣ˭ܱ֤ǵļܱǸص壿ת׿㵹¶ЦЦ˵
Ҷüɫһ˳˼
籾ˣЩλ壬ǿǽռģͲЩˡ˵

Ļǰݷõʿ׷׳˶֮󣬹ڵĴţɿ½￪
ҪģȻǵʿֺ󣬾׿ڽԵ޷μ֮ˣ׷״ڲѣղμӹʿȴǷ׷֮
Ϊϧ˫֮ʮͨʿ伯֮Ϊ֮£ҲͼӴ׵Ĵ￪Ϊ½һμѻ
˵ΪˣԵ㲦Щͨʿһ£Щ֮£صڷ׷Ҫչǧ꣬κ˲š
У칤ˣȻԺ׳Լħ˾ͽˣ˵ǵ򣬾һ̫֮ͬеأѰͻ
ڴ£̫̫Գ֤ʵԸַԭͨʿչ֮ãͬʱΪ̫Žأκ˲ýӽ
ȻЩǺˡ


1549 ָǧ
һպ
꼹ɽŲһ㡣
˴ռ谵ֻ봦յŵɢ΢âӵһϥĿУ˫ǰʮ
ǰһӰڹŵҡҷĵƹº֣ͬϥڹ̫ݡ
ֻӶû˵
ú΢΢һɣ˳ĬҶˡ
ûлشֻǵţɫ˿δ䡣
Ǵ£дʦˡ˵ţվ΢΢ߵס
Ѿˡеڵ
û
˵ţתͷҲصĳȥνʧںڰС

º
׺֮һߺϿգڹһĸӰƾոֶն
ҶüǬˡ
׺֮ǻˣ
ǬƺΪ˷ܣɵ˰գĿ⳯Χȥи̾˵
΢΢һЦĿҲΧȥһʪ̵ĺ˱Ƕ
˴Ǻʹһ֮ͨصĹŴͷ󣬾һۣŻص˲׺֮
㣬ֱӴ߶ʯ壬ƿշز׺֮
ֻǰϺ;УǬӻѹҪ֮ͨ½ͷ޸ŵʮա
Ǭ裬ټķ˺ڽԭҪĹŴ󳹵޸ˡ
һ֮ǬҪǰ½Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
ȻҲߵĴ϶ʩƣȷ޷֡
ص׺֮кδ㣿ʵ
Ȼһڰɣµʱ䣬ǱһڡĿһе˵
ֹһζԷ֮·ʱԤǰ˴ꡣ
һû˵ҶüȴУɫһ˿Ȼֱסһֱۣԡ
¶һ˿Ǹ⣬§סŮ
ȣֻԼȣҸ˰ǬЩ˹
ôᡣЦŶǬ˵
Ҳվﵱ̨ˡǬٺһЦ˵λΪһ׹⣬һȥ
Ҳܾûлز׺֮ˣԼ䣬֮ǰǵ֪ͨһһǰȥеġǬԶԶ˹ݹܿʧԶ
ѾͷҡͷһЦҲûֹ
ǬڵΪϵļʿҲܴѣڲ׺֮˵ûκΣա
߰ɡ
һЦϺڹһʢסˣƴ½ɶݶȥ
ĶݹٶȣСպɽڡ
ʮһľɽһǧ֮ǰ˵һ㣬û̫仯
ֻǸ֮ϵĽ˺ܶ࣬ʿҲǰ˽һǵµЩԴ˳Ч
·ɽżۣһӴޱȵʶɢڡ
Ƭ֮ɫһϲ漴ĵ̾˿
ʶӦ˿ڱǰȻʵǻʿλ֮ࡣ
̾Ϣģǰľ˼Ѿȥֻһʿ΢ЩƣӦǵһЩӡ
龰飬ид
Ͼĵط˿Ȼף֮£Ω̾⣬Զ⣡
ǧ굯ָһӼ䣬ǣѷǡ
ǧ磬ܿܿ߱ͷëǣЩ㽵ļɴ೤£յõߣз
¹ȥѲǵˡסƣ̾һ
һЦЩȻףֻԽǿ֮ڣ֪ΪΣھԽ̬ҲǱĬзһЩı䡣
Ȼ仯Сһʶڣһϴλʱյļӣ뿪ǰ׼һ棬Ƕ˱ڴԺƬ̰ɡһЦ˵
ҶüŮͷһΣʧ˰ա
ĳ޷ۣ֮һ֮УһƤڵ׳ϥ˸ڹ⣬ɢһĺҡ
ΪȻѾﵽ˻۷壬ͬʱȫӴһ鼡¡ȻһΪǿ֮ʿ
Ƭ̣һգݺ糤ˮûУӰ
һ˫ۣɫһ䡣
ֻǰ֪ʱһӣϺЦĿ˹
Դȴ˿ûвȻһ
Ǻˡ
۴󺺻Ȼվһ䣬ϺڹһҪ֣ɫһֱ̧Ӳͣ˰ա
ǰ˵òΪϤϡ͵һӰغһ
㣬ǡ۴ָЩȷ˵
ŵһЦ˵һ䡣
ʦ桭㣡
۴ϲɫһ˿ɣæһȭȥ
ضˣɡһݣһ䣬һǱ˺۴󺺵塣
ʦЩ굽ȥˣ˿ѶҲޣŵǹҡ۴վ˵
˵Ͳϸˡ˵
۴һݣûٶʡ
˵ɣҴ˴λҲûоôĴ㣬ܿҪٴ뿪ˣпʲô鷳֮£Ҳ˳ְǴһ¡˵
۴Ŵ˻ɫ΢΢һƺЩʧ
Ļæҡҡͷ˵ûУʦ˴ԴڴӴϣΪʦĹϵڶ쳣һаá
ǾͺãˣҲԷ뿪ˡŴ˻΢΢ͷ
˵꣬ȡöɫָȫݸ۴󺺡
һԴϣҩ伮УҾ˵Ҳע˳Ӧöдõģƴ˵
۴ɫϲæĽӹöָʶ̽У嶸Ȼһ
öָڵĿռ伫󣬷ԲʮɴС漸˸챦һӯÿһƴ½Ǽ֮
лʦͱ۴󺺴ԵĿһ飬ʶ˳ٴγһ
Щ˵Ѿûˣ׼ݵģһòˣȫˡһЦ
漴룬ַȡһݸ۴󺺡
ȻֻҵļӣҲҴԵֵġҿڤǾĲѾ˵ھŲ۷塣浤ˣһʿһˮ룬ܹܴﵽһµľ硣ڤǾйһЩҩЩǴ͸ģż˵
۴һЩĽӹ
лʦ𡣡ٴιڵأ
΢΢һЦ˰֣ʾ䲻ؾ


1550 ϡ
ʦôıԭķǷ֮룬ֻǡֻǵЩһֱһԸ۴󺺲δЩɵҪ˵Щʲô
֪Ϊʦŵ㣬ܹڣʽΪŵӣȻϾҪ뿪ˣ㻹ԸΪʦұˡһЦ˵
Ӱݼʦ𣡡۴ɫϲݵڵأؿ˾Ÿͷ
ãɡ΢Цŵ˵ͷȴ̾˿
ŵѣ壬Ϊ̿࣬ҲĵزˣʦúˣӦýʽչˡ
ԼǧУˣҲһˡ
ʦ𣬵ЩûָʲôԲǰʦɡַȡһϻȡһУһݸ˺۴󺺡
۴֮˫ֽ˹ȴϻһɫףƺĳֿʯƣͨɢӫ⣬һǼ֮
һ֮УһīɫԲһԲϸСģɢǿҵķ
ŹŹʯƶɣƷĸߣ㴩ϣƾ浤ֹҲɱ֮⣬ٶȣڤǾҲв档˵
۴Ŵ˻ʱϲ
Բһ󾳵ĿܣЩʱĻˣܹӳ󾳳ҵʵҪҪƷʯһЩû˾ʯṩҲѡ˵
۴Ŵ˻ɫ󾪡
󾳵Ŀܣֱδţ˴Ҫڲ׺֮ưҲǾ֮ˡ
Ҹģף͸˺۴󺺵뷨е˵
ǡ۴󺺾һ飬æ˵
ܱڵ֮ˣֻ̫ϳ֪ڼ̣Ҳ򲻵֮ʣʹáҽ͸㣬Ϊһػ֮ĵҲ˵Ҳġ׺֮Ҳǰ򵥡˵
ǣʦ̻壬ŵһġ۴һ𣬼æĴӦ
һЦһʧ١
һ֮£мλ֪ɣ⴫ں۴󺺶漴ܿɢ
۴һԭأƬ֮֮ĳով֮

һ¥֮Уڷϣʦλڵļ֮أλҪ
¥֮гһλڳԲһѲӡ
ڴʱ¥һһӰϢĸֶ
Ŀ⵭ȻĻǰڶλڴ˿˲Ϥ֮˵ơ
ΪŻѪĻʦ壬ԼڤǾʦ壬ӤȪŻʯ
һ֮ˣԪľվɵΪһg
Ƭ֮Ŀһɫ֮ϣȻдš㡱֡
ʦ꣬Դûие⣬˿һ˿Ȼ
̾һ󣬴һԵһ㣬ȼ֮󣬹һ񣬼һλĶʦ

ϿգҶü̸Щʲô
ڴʱŮӰһӰֶ
Ѿ𣿡ʵ
˵ͷŮʵǷҲҪԻȥһǰĹˣ
ҾͲˣмʶ֮ӦѲˡüӦҪһ˰ɣҡҡͷҶü˵
Ҷüһ¶һ˿׷֮ɫ˵ͷ
ҲãҲһˣóô˻һ˵вɸֳӰ
Ůͨ齣壬ѾҺڴԲ磬ƴ˷Ϊӡ֮һźԴȥʣӦѾ׻ˡ

ɽš
ΪһɣչҲĿ졣Ȼͻʵǣλдһ֮λ
ɽŸһѲߵطۣѲɽš
һ׹ɽ֮ڼԶȥ±ʧʣ׹⼤һ󾢷磬ʹûطҡΣһס
ոǵݹ⣬Ӧﳤϵİɡط֮ϣһͽڵİӿݹԶȥ¶Ľ֮ɫ˵
ų⣬ڣ˭д˵٣һ˵ͷ˵ԺС
֮ϵļ¶ɫڵһϣһΪѾ˻۷壬֮Ǻųƴ½һָԺ͵ĻҶüˡ
Ů̫ϳŵΪƴ½ϣ̤浤Ĵʿ
ò˫½ϲ֪жٸŸɵữʿǰףǶ⡣
ųϿЩæҪȥ𣿡˵
ȻɣǼѲɽţ÷±ɡ֮һֱĬʿ˵
ԣæ͡
ĶݹɳɽţͣٵĳŶ淽һʱ䣬һɽ֮Уȥ¶һӢ˵ӣĿЩĳΧȥ
ȥŮҲûжٱ仯ֻи˼ּ֮ɫ

ӰһǰֳһӨǵĹװŮӣҶü
ҶҶʦ壡㣬ҸոյʶĲţɫһϲЩ˵
һ̣Ҷüֶˣ
㡭ǡǰ￴Ӱɫһһ峯źһ
ŵѣò΢΢ͷһЦ˵
һĿ漴Եϡ
Ҳڵӣüһڶҵ˫޵¡һЦ
¡ҶʦҲǡɫһҶü
Ҷüɫ΢죬˵ͷ
ԭˣѹǰһλصƴ½һֱǧټƵĴҶʦˡһ漴΢΢һЦȴȻһʧ䣬תۼʧ
λôһ˱Ҫ뿪ˡһЩԴһЩ޵伮ɡҶüɫָܿȡһ﷨
лҶʦ塣Ŵ˻ɫһ漴˵ĿһתɿһӶ
һ֮һݹڸɽһԶȥ
￴ŶݹʧԶ
Ƭ֮̾˿зһɬһתɽŷɶݶȥ


1551 
Զǡ
ǴݵһĳǳأֻһֵڰԶǵشͨҪò٣СǵҲϷ
оȻԷΪҲммң·Ҳܲʱһʿһֺһģ
ڵһ¥ΪӣǰԶľƼˣܹѵˣ̣ǴٹˣѰղࡣ
һ磬߽һжŮˣ˿ᣬòЩͨλŮȴǴδ˹ɫ¥еһЩ˿Щˡ
λ룬Ǵ⻹סꣿ
ƹһʮӣǳһƿأԷ㶵СЦݵӭȥ
һϵȵż䣬ȻһЩصɫƲˡĿ⳯Χһۣƺһ˿׷ɫ˵
ϣλ롣ƹ񹧾Ľ뵽¥һٴż䡣
żΪװεţӴ⿴ȥڵһо۵ס
ǷСʱסĵط𣿡Ŀ⳯Ŵ⿴ȥЩʵ
ֻôȥ仯ҲǼܹľ龰ûˡЩ̾Ϣ˵
ʱԼףڴ˴ļģϡܹǵõļطҲѲڣֻǹǷݸоԾܹԼоõ
Ŵ⴨֯ˣиֳһ˿Ī
òٷ磬Щʿͬϰ׷ˣΪææµµǰεͷһгϣҲϲ֪ΪΣȴЩĽ
˿ƶݵʮʱ⣬ȴԶʿǧ꣬Ŀʱ˶ʵĶˡ
ȻǷĹǲڴ˵һطס°ɣЩһֱĴûôΪ׼óô˻׼һҶü˵
һԵͷ
Ȼڷ֪֮࣬˵ȴ٣ضǰ˳ģһ˵ԶŮϻֵۣ֪ġ
Ҳá˴һСɽȣɽΪģʧΪһ徻ڡľ΢΢ЩĿ⿴˳һɻɽԼǵСʱȥ
͹٣ľƲˡڴʱСһ̣ŵŵŵ¥


ڳЩŢʯ·ϣеһŮӰϳ
ǷڴŲˡ
ؽֵֵߺȽ·˵ϸϸһ·˵ЦҲȻԵá
ڴʱ·Եļͯ˼ע⡣
פѭȥȴһŮͯͯԼĪģ
һƤ΢ڣЩҲƱͬ˸ߴ󼸷֣һͨŮͯСӣòˮ飬һ˫۾鶯֮
ͯƺִʲôŮͯȴһԲվԱߣƺż䲻Į
˵ˣҌߺģЩʱձΪͽʱѧصĴ죬Ȣãͯͦŵв޵֮ɫ
ҲҲѧ챣ãͯȴ嵲Ůͯǰµ
ī¿գ˵㲻ֻѣǿܹҲǸû˻ԸΪͽģʱˣܱ𣿡˫ֲЦ
һԱãī¿պɵĻص۵СǼ֮ɫ
ߣͰ˵󻰣ͯƺЩգǰ˫͵һƣСī¿һƵڵء
ˮŮͯ״æȥҪȥī¿գһͬ
иСˮݣϵΪŢ˱ϱһ
ͯǵ֮ɫˮŮͯȥ㣡˱죬Ȣ㣡ʱ㣡
ڴʱԶд˺ͯԣҴӦһתһȥˡ
¿ո磬û°ɣˮŮͯī¿ԣԭĮϸһ˿֮ɫ
ãû¡ңһҵʦѧñ챣㣡ī¿ȴһסˮŮͯС֣˵
ţˮŮͯͷ
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