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ϰڤ״̬ʱõϵΧӰﵽСϺХĳͻĳ̶ȡ
ƽʱʲô鶼ֲ˺ܳʱ䣬ǽڤ״̬֮ʱͱòôԣڲ֪УԱͬһ״̬ºܳʱ䡣
ʵھӽòʲôܣֿԲ֤Ǿ仰ŰĴڣȥܵвޡ
ʵʵ棬֮𡢵һȻɵдߣȴ˷֣ԼһԼ֪ڣ
ʯԽھӵ֮֮·


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Ѫո߹Ҳ񷣬ӳջΪһƬѪɫһֻֻ˶󣬳࣬ڸ߿ɵš
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һСéݣʯԼһŴֲۣԭ׳СһȦ°崲Ӳϸһëߵľ̺ӣгһľӺһľھͱ
ҼǵøѧԼƻͬѧȥKTVףȻԼȥ°ھӡңʱϵΣʯԴԼǵüȫѹ˷㲻֪ʧȥ֪
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ʯΪ˱常ΨһŮǿȴˣֽʯŰһҪն׵ʱ򣬹ٱǰǿߣʯһϢȻڶʶģ֮ļûˡ
˵ʯѾˣ괩Խռ壬ֻڵѾʮͷȴʮ꣡ʯЩε˵
棬˵˶ڤ룬ڵҴߣ
ЩӦ߰ĸıԼһЩܣھǱǿ˾ܹ壬˼߾㱣򵥵Ĳٿر˵оֹ
ⲻڵѧĴǿĴǿаѱ˴ǡʯ˫ĿŹ⣬Щ
ȻѾ磬Ҳֻܽʵ취طˣ֪ҵݣ»ᱻɹ￾ˣ˵ҲûţΪ¶ʯӦǺǿ
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ῪһʮŮ˽Ĵֲȹһ࣬С˵ģɫЩ㲣ʯƺǾϲ
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ǰһ˿ɢһŮʣʯ̻ʣСһЦһ˫۾г״
ʯ˰ˣȸ㿪ҩһͷףһɫۣЩձͷ˽ϱŵһҽҩ䣬ȡһŲ֪ʲôʵĻֽóһëʣƬֽ̣ϹĹ˼¡
㿪ҩأôˣһ˵꣬ʯŸоʹ֮ǰһֱûüע⡣
ʯ۵һ죬ﲢʶü㣬Ǵ𣿡ΪϵĿƼ꣬ʯʵǰͷڽҲûƣ뿴ͷˣʲô
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޷ʯȽˮˣٸȫһ£˳㿴ָܲܰ䡣Ŀ飬ȻһͣоϴźгЦݣһ˫۾ʼЦеģʯôһƭǮĽʿ
ȻȣεЩܾ̾
ЩɵĿ˿ʯӹС˵ˮǲβǿɲḶ˵ġʯСסӣ˹˵Ľˮ˸һɶ
ҪβϡˣƭҵǮԲܣʯаЦɲʲôŮôϵǱ˻Ʋ
ֻҪңлұʮĸӻȥʯ˵ּǱ˲ʵ۸ʯʼоʰǰͷ
һ̣ʯЩķ֣ˮڱǻһԼȲʹĵطܶȥ˵ĵطЩȵģһṦʹм˴롣
ôõûУʯɫŹ֣Щǵʵ֪ʯ֮С
ЦʯǸ¶СܳԿ࣬һֱƴɻرּҸĸû뵽Щûڶȥˣǰֵʱȫɡ
ĻʯûԼȻڵСʱ飬һǰԼСڹ¶Ժ󣬵ѧһֱ̿Ŭ빤ѧϰɼҲ㣬һ·ѧԼƻ
ʯھǸ߶߶ͷ˵ǿʯܺã׼ҵӣ˵ԹţŴߣִ˽칦ܡ
ʯϾһ侭̨ʡ꣬Ҽ棬ǸĺţС
ǰһתʯȻԼڵΣȲˣؿѹһǽڣʶԽԽģѣȲȴһ˿˿ɫ㣬оůġ
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ף㾹ȻˣȻЩšץʯ½ǣ΢΢
ұûʯЩĿ˿꣺ﲻӭ㣬֣ͣʯ΢΢һЦʾû£Ȼ䲢޸飬ʯҲֱܵҪ
ǰаҲһ¶һؤС죬ʯµļһЩӡ
⣬ֻּҷ򸾽ڣǰҲ۸ʯʯԸųֲҷΪʯɣ鷳ڵʯɷǱȴǰȻһ۸
ʯƽʱҶ˵˷ӵˣҸߣѵǲˡ꼸ʯǰ˵źݻҪ֡
žһ
ʯ붼̧ץס󣬰ѰһģҪˣʯݺݵĽѵһ١
һĻ𾪣Щˣ˫Ŀ㶵Ŀʯ·ڿһİˡ
ҷȻӲʯȻӲûƢ˵źݻ
ôˣԺòҪ⣬ȻһδһΣʯзһ˿Ŀ⣬Ȼȥû˿ɱ⣬ʱʯ׺ݣЩϾʮĺӡ
ʯȻûҲùҵģòʮǮҾȥ٣ͳͳץ˵껰תߵʱﲻ֪ʲô
ôȻӱô󣿻ˣ·ǰµһĻǾ
СӴܣѵˣ˱۸һֱʵԷͻԽԽСƢʯνʼ磬ԼʮˣԸһСӻ򵥣˵ƿɲʯԸ
۵һЦ˳˵ĺԼܴһ㲻ҲǺͰͬʮ꣬һһأԭ˲ʧ·ʯǰҵ˰ȫС
ʮǮô£ʯһ䣬Ŀǰ߾ôһεˣ˵ʲôҲðСӰߵС檣ԼҪδ޶ˣɴһˡ
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ί㣬Ϊң㲻õģһ취ڰʮǮϣҵ߰ɣʯ˵꣬ʯ˷䣬ܲסʯһټֻ֣ܷʯ⡣
ʱѾӽ磬ѪչڰգһҲûУǰһôҶһԺӲé˯ңмıǳ
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Ǹ磡ʯ
㣬ٱΪʲôȥ˷׽ǿʯⲿּ䲻Ǻ˵껰ųԼһȥ
ʯ˼˵ٱһΣأɽҪѰ˽ȥ·ٺٱʽȱûг
ʯڣӼªԶżľͷǷȴûƶǿˣһҲʣ룬Լ֮ǰ̫ϡˡ
һֱУûúȣʯһᣬӿ϶첻˼죬ҪϽ취ڲǣǻϰʮǮΣˡ
㣬˴㲶ԣʲô׬Ǯʯǵĸ沶ΪʯŸɵӻûʲôգԼɲ沶ԣ
֣ȥЩ̹Щ˼ҸػҶҪʱ֣ʲô֯СջҲھרϵһЩ£ȥ˵
򵥵˽һЩʯͷ㣬ȻȥϢһ£ҿܲܳȥ׬ǮҲϽԵ㶫
ϳ˺üأҪԵ㣬˵Ҳȥˣ廹ûҪϢ˵ŻҪʯʢ࣬ԼȴǹֱС
㣬ҳԱˣʣµԵˣȻˣҳȥҶ̹׬ǮʯȦһ죬Ӱᱻж˵ˣʵڲǰˣͬʱҲжŮֵúúػ
صУʯ˴ϣ˫ĿԶ̾ϢϿ취׬Ǯάƣܲţ˰ߣ
ʯȻ뵽ϵھǵԼ֮Լÿ㶼
ڤţһҴߣڶϰʵ㲻ʲôطҵһѣ
ֻѧϰѹ̫ʯ˯ʱڤҴ߼ѹڶȷʵ˾һЩ
˵ڤӦ󣬱ǽһ㣬ЧҴߣһµ㣬ʾֶΣڶԷϵ´߱ˡ
ֻڶ㹻壬ſǿжԱ˴ߣӵһЩ֪Ҳǵϴ˵е칦ܣûмܹﵽġ
ע뵽ΪβʹǿнҴߣȻҲһЩʾֶҷɣӦҲﵽ˵ڶ壬Ӧһߡ
ѵϵ칦ܣǹŴ޳ͨ˵᲻ʺʯһ˵
˫Ŀһգʯһľȫɣؽһڤ״̬ǰֻǸоʧߺܹá
Ƭ̺ʯоΧӰѾﵽСʱҲòôԡ
ʱ仺ţѪɽһ£ʯȻڤ֮УҲ֪˶ãһδʧܣʯȻоε
ֵǣƺûй̶̬ʱʯǽɫֹǻΪڡ
ʱǹ̶Բ飬ǹֻһţڵ֮Уͬ˯Ѽ䣬ʵʵĸо
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ʯ񼤶֮ʣЩڤ״̬˳伱æסϸĸӦһ֮󣬱ǳʶΪ⣬ϵ˴ӿȥʶһֿ϶ŵ̬ȣ˿ٺתҴʾһ㡣
һĻˣʯоϽâ˸ٴγĸоںȹķˮһ㣬ʹᣬЧȴǱȷˮҪһЩҸӳ־á
ֵǣʯһʶ̽Եĸоţ߻ǷڣоԼ˲ãϽâѸʧʹٴӿ֣һʶ֮ʱϽâٴγ֡
Ҵ޼ֲҽ߲˻˾֢һ̬Լ῵жӳԼϣ
֢֮Ҫֹ̬Լ῵̬ʶ֮ٿ
ֻ֪ĳʶûκοѧݣĴڣֻܵһִ޷͵ֶΣֻǵƺ̫ߣʯ̾˵
Ȼ뵽֢˶񻯣ʯԼ飬ԿԽԽأһṦâδʧоʹбƽʱǿࡣ
ָԽԽһ㣬ãʯ۵һ죬æúõʶٿ˺ԼҲһܹˡ
֪䣬ʯȻڴһȻһҹû˯Ǿ״̬ѣ˿ûƣ֮ɫ
һҹĴڤ룬ʯ˾Ȼõ߰˰ˣʯԼЩţȻε֮ڣҸӼᶨȥľġ
ͬǾ仰ŰĴڣȥܵ̽ʵ̽޼ٹ棬ֻŲŻڡ
壬ʵʵ棬ͳΪ淨ţʵһۣʵʵ棬ճɴ
ŵϴ֪ʶһЩǲ֪ܴﵽʲôزڿȵʺʯ΢΢һЦ˵
ȻڴһУʯȻСӣɫ΢΢һ䣬æܳ˷䣡


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ô㣿ʯ嵽ķ䣬䴩ڴϣϹᣬɫЩ㲡
μˣ˵껰ˮֹסʯǰӵ˻
̫ˣȻҲѹаڣһᱣ㣬ܵκ۸ģʯЩ˸е˵ĺ󱳡
Ҳ֪ǿ£Щ˼һֹסˮ΢뿪ʯĻϴ֮һ˺һ࣬ھңʯҪԼȥƴָʯ
ףʯˡʮ꣬ϳ˲ɣһľȹӣɫһ΢ЦĿʯˣʯ˵˵ͦأôˣ
ûʲôˡʯЦЦȻ˵ԼƵ£Ҫ鷳
Ҫҵ£ﻹûʲôһĶ̹ðţʵ
ԱլҪһЩ֣ǿԹȥ˵껰ʯ˵л󣬱˳Žֵȥ
ֵʯӣԵĽשߣɫֻЩЩƾɲԼһЩ˼ͥ㣬ӱԵһЩǿڷéݡ
컹㣬Ȼҿ·ҲʯЩε˵
ֻ΢΢һЦ¶֮ɫܸоʯЩ仯ʯԴʲô֢
ûãһʯϣһСԺǰǿǰͥ㿴һ˼ңֻЩ⡣
ſֻʯͷʨӣſڽյһЩҶЩеķſڵϣеֱ·ߡ
Աҵľլʯһ̾ϢоǼԼסСéݣһլô󣬿Ŵִһֱڡ
ͥڣʯȻ˰Ӱһ鷢׵Ϲܼңƺڽʲô飬ʯǶ΢漴˫ĿһУԴڤĿǿࡣ
ϼһ̰ģʯЩߵ˵ϹܼҽԱóĶʮͭǮ˽
ǮӶһˣֻܻһǮһˣԼǮʣٽϹܼңһ¶ϹܼҲƵϣڰСǾ¡
һǮһˣޣ⣬Сļ꺰Щ˴СؤĹ¶һƾɡ
ǮһˣﾹȻѹեһǮ⻹Ǳ˵⣿ʯŸߣֻҪܵȻȥ˻ؿ۵幤
ʯǣЩҲ֪ǲʯĻΪ׬һǮԥĵͷͬ⣬ǮǽԺɻһŭĿŰ
ߣ죿ʵ㣬ھһǮҲ㣬͵Ű͸Ұɣٺ٣ЦЦ
ʯɫЩѿ˫ȭԾգû뵽ŴҲСˣԼƫƫһǮСΪס;ߣȻҲʯֱۣ˼ǲҪŭ
ͥԺһʮ߰꣬ŰɫȹòڵŮƺҲֻüһ壬δ˵ЩʲôŮҶС飡
ô⻹Ҷ֣ٺ٣һǮҲ׬ؼҺȥɣǾʫôţϲ޸ۡ߶ţȻʯϡ
ϲ޸ۣٺ٣û뵽㻹ʫǺãʯĳʹһףͲ˵ˣʯЦ˵˶ŲۣôҲһš
ϡıͥδϹ飬Ϊ󼺦Ī²Ƶɣʯѿڶ˵֮˲¶֮ɫ
ʯʫƴʫ˳±ľȴò˵ϲ˵ͷߣվȲЩմ֮ˣȱ˰Сˣַ˵Ϲֹܼ
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žžž֮
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ҶСûˣʯ˹һֱߵǰʯᵽϴ㡣
ڿŮòѩ׵ļްӣʯ΢΢Щʧ񣬵ץץʯ֣Żع
ں˵ˣʯЩε˵ڶкʱ־ɫŮӣ
СЦЦھȺʫ񲻳ţǲֳһʫ
ʯʼ磺˼ûȤ˵껰תߣ׬ͭǮףû뵽һǮû׬Ҫȥ治ס
㲻׬𣿡СһתȻʯһ׬Ǯͣ
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СһЦʫʶӣ˵óʮǮԷҪûУͰʫСʶһ¡Ȼʫʯġ
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ߣʮǮǿ㣬һǮϾòҲãǾͱ۸㡣ЦЦЦЦЦЦЦЦȥЦԼ֪ʶС΢΢һЦ
һ·ҡҡȣԵ̾˶Կȥ򵥵ȴǹŽ°νСС治ΪŮ
з֮⣬ʯȻóڰָԼ֪ʶʯɫЩ
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Щ΢ŭĸͭǮĽѣɫѿʯպðͭǮɴ۾ֱЩţԭ׬Ǯôף
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ʯ˼Ƭ̣ʫնѣԼĿν뼸ʫ˱ǲһЩʯ
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ǮԸķ䣡ǮʯЦЦ
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С㣬ǲǲƽ㶼ʫˣǲǸʯĳһʯһ˵
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۵һЦˣ·Ц㿴Ҿ˵ɽˮˣô׳յֱܳſھ꺢Ӷᣬߺߡ
ˣϲϱҶ²Ƕ˵껰һ֮ɫֻɫЩŹ֣̲ס۵һЦ˳һãȻ֮ɫѵҶԵĲ


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²Ƕôˣʲô֮𣿡֮ɫŹ֣ɫãȻһ䡣
ûСʴϻۣʯĳԸķ䣬Ǯˣʯ˵껰ǿûЦʮǮľګĶС㣬ʯﳤȥȻ鿪ʼڿԼʯȻŹڿĻᡣ
ۣ֮ɫͨ죬̲סЦЦֳֹȵҡͷЦһ
飬ϸƷζһԵ˵껰ȣЦߵˡ
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ȻӦһŭңʯʧķ¶ŨŨĺ⣬˶ţСӣȻˣңñСԼԼǶ㡭ҵţҾԲŹ㣬ߣ
˫ĿһæҪȥڸ߶Сʯĵϸ֪ʢŭµĶС˫Ŀһɣ˵꣬Сߵ뿪˴˵أһЦСԶ󣬰һƲķ˷ۡ

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㣬ʲôǺúóһ٣֮ЩǮ㱣ܣٺ٣ʯҲЩˣǽµ±⡣
˵ЩǮҪţôһؼҺͺˣϴ֮ɫû뵽ʯѧˣǰǰľګ
ʯ˿ŶӣɵЩһסСֶȻѶףδʯ˴ɵһ졣
ߣ˵ʲôҲȥһ٣ʯ˵껰ҲǷͬ⣬ĳȥ

յ磬΢ḧ
ŻͷһʮŮ֣߸˵ĴԶ˹˵˵ЦЦһṦ򣬱һƾɵéݡ
㣬ˣô˱ͺһݣЩĵ˵һ䣬漴ĸߵؿڣС˵ĴŴʯһʧ
ϢҵҪٺ٣ʯ£漴Լһԣ΢˸һһֲֻסС
һͷ΢ŭķ˷ۣôôʵˣߣˣ˵껰оͨͨͣƿʯܻԼ
СԼһͷſ˴ϣŭɫʧȡ֮Ҹ֮ɫζСȸ˲ѡ
ĳˣ¼ı䶮˲٣֪չˣ˵꣬Щߵӣһ½Դ

ʯ֪ı仯˿ڴͷ˫Ŀ΢еĿԶҲ֪ʲô
Ȼ±ˣҪ취׬ЩǮԺҪ׬Ǯİ취Իһٺ٣ʯ˫ĿһУ΢΢ЦЦ
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ȫˣִҩõÿ찡̬ʶϣȻЩ֮Ŵǵ˾֢̬ãø죬̬õø졣ʯ˵껰΢΢ĬƬ̣ǿ˿Բ¡
ΪԲģѵΪоŸ̫ʯЩɻ󣬵Ҳû룺ĽԼϣһгɣӦһµڶˣ
ڶ壬ɲǰܹģϾֻһε㲻ŲʱܾͲڵģ壬ҪǿʶϣҲԼһǱʶ뷨ֲȫһ
˵ճж붼ʶƵģĳʶŻĳжûʶͺñȻȴֲһ㡣
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ڶֲҶѵֲģ¶
ҲԼֻ֮칦ܣʵϿҵһʵϡ
ʯǰҲ˵ϴߴʦҽһЩ޷ҩĲʵлŴֻʯûӴ޷칦ܰˡ
ⶼǰǣִԱд֮ҿ׶϶ֹġ
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Ȼ˵ɵڶﵽ칦ܺ󣬲ǰʹãʯȻûϡ
Ŀǰû취ҵʯܿĽССջСͭһϸߵͭԱҪĴһЩϰʱڶ̫ܲԣϾѧʯҲֻţһҸСЩϰ
Ŵغãʯ˫ĿͭһңȫɣʶεͭڶЩڴ


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Ҳ֪˶ãʯڣ
һϸһֻͭڲ΢ĲȻܲԣǻþһ㣬ʯȴ˷ܵЦ˳Ϊ֪Ǿǻþ
һ֮ʯѹѹĵ׵ļ΢ЦǰִϰһûӦտʼ춯Ҳ֪֮ǰĹִͣ졣
˵Żʯ˫ĿעͭвϺڶʶϣͭٴβһ£漴ǻת
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ʯ˦˦ԴɸоЩ䲻ɫ΢䣺ѵ߻ħˣԣС˵Ľܣѵħ壿ʯЩɲ
Ƭ̺ʯüӦûûﵽħļŶԣ
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ʯںȻоûʦţԼЩΣգڴˣҲܶһЩͰȫ
ʯڤһʱң״ָ̬߰˰ˣҲ֮ǰǰ
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ֺ˵˵ͷҲص˵һ䣬˲֪Уſڡ
ϣʯɰ֪ʱңʯ˺һʯȴûҡҡͷ
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ת·ϣʯɫЩлһúʰһ
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ûʧ˵ʮ䣬Ƕʲô仯أʯ΢Ц
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Ŷ΢ЦˣҲãǹ˭ˣ
ѧϰҽʯɫһ˵꣬оâһʯãҲûп˵Щ֮⡣


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ҪˣЩΪѣӦȴѧϰҽⲻǿЦ𣿷ҽλ磬ɲ˭ġ
ѧϰҽʲôʯɫᶨ˵˿ǿЦӡ
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ڤֻǸӦŶѣҪﵽһ㡮龳һҩʿԺп洢
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õҩ޷ѾӦ˺ԼġʯЩơ
ûᵽʲôҩԼûùҲһ壬֮кܶ಻һĵط磬Ӧһϵ
ҲģȻܹӦһ޸ƣ´յӣȥһ£ϷǺ棬˵ʮǰԺûиѧϰôԼӦЩɻ˵
ԣʯת˶ԲߣƬ̺ʯЦԴǴα̭֮ҾҪ˵ʼ͵͵ڤ룬ҸС
ǻ첻ˣҸӦһֱֱǿ彫ˣҲųΪһ㡣
첻ˣ仰˼ǺǡϸϸƷζ仰оԡ
ʯæڵҷҽɣǸģѧѧûԼԶ໭㣬ʱ˭˶֢÷׬ǮҲ죬̫ۡ
Ϊ˭ܻӦûʲô˵ģﵽڶ壬Ǹ޷ģҩûù޷ôܻ·ЦһЦǳЦǸоʯǸӣͯ޼ɡ
ĺӣʯ˵껰оһ׵ĺȻһȻûпȴǲһվ񿴴һĿʯܸӦġ
㣬㣬壿ôģ㵱ûзùʲôص˵Ҳ֮ǰǰ⡣
ǰЩ񵽹һŵҩ֪ʲôͱˣǸ㵽ܲܽһʯЩΣʵڲУֻȥұˡ
Ĭãɫ任ϣ˫Ŀ΢е˵ãҾͿﵽʲô̶ȣ
˵껰ǵͷʲôһֱã״̬
Ƭ̺Ȼóīֽ⣬һŲ֪ʲôʵĻֽŰƴСտյһŻֽʲֻ࣬滭žö״죬ʽŹֵķļǺţӦһŻõķ
īǺɫɫëʿȥЩƾɣӦЩˣóһͨӲֽʯ漴ֵ˵öõķ
ʯö򵥵һ֣ҲüʹķоöģʱҪעףһ㣬öĻֽϣŲʹᣬһʹᱻע֮ڡɫ֣ص˵
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ԻʱҪ⡢ߺһж߸߶ĬϺãʶɲϼһ⵽ָ⣬ͬʱֵָöķ֮ϣպõӡס
˾һʧܣǰӡĽƬ̷Ӷңջʧܡ
ϾöûйɵĲͬʱɲϼֻһţѧһ޷ﵽ⡢ߺһȷץסȥ
⡢ߺһȷ̫ˣûгʱ䷴ϰϤʯЩ
Ǻǣ޷Ҳɹǿܴﵽʲô򣬲֪ôһ˵꣬ʾʯֽͨϰļǺţûд©֮
еģ֪ģ˵˵һ䣬Ц
ðɣԣʯöõķϸĿãһööļǺȻЩŹ֣ѻѧʱʯѧϰġ
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һöĺܼ򵥣мһ㣬Ըһߣ·һƵʺһ㣬ʯ֮ЩȻĵ˵ͷ
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ģЦЦʯа̾ϢʵŻĵӣöĲѣΨһЩŤˡ
Σû⣬Ϳˣע⻭֮ʱҪע룡һ䣬漴ָָŷֽ
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ˣԺڼϰȻɾͣԺͿԵϰоâһ
ףˣղ̫ˣȻķа취ˣһΣʯ֪ʲôȻ¶һ˿صЦݣҿȥʮ㡣
˰ɣֽīɲ˷ѵģЦЦ
ʧˣһǮģһΣʯɫ㣬˿ʯ֣صӣͷͬ⡣
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ʯ˵껰һ漴ɫصĹ˾öģ仭÷֮֮ɫʧһ֮⣬ͬʱʳָ۾ĿžöģһĻ΢΢һ㶣һѧߣȻҪһĶã


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ЩȻ֮ɫĿʯѧһָƿزãָȻٶȣɲ˭ĵġ
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мһöɲâʯʳָԥĵȥ漴뿪ٴιעУͬһʱ䣬Ͻһöʯʳָڵһʱϣձ͵ӡڣ漴ָٴע뱸á
мķʯƺøˣﰵ󼶱̫ٶ̫ǰֱŰ˵ŻʯҲûţָһµȥ
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֣СûзùҩģҵڶαƷɹֱδţûϰķӦٶȣЩɻ˵
ӵֵһֻǣҲܸƿҪ鷳״̬ƺõҩҲģϡ棡˵껰оâһ뵽˳˼֮С

ʶôãδСֵģǰʲô¶ǵģ̫ˣصУ˳Թ緹˵˵
ٺ٣һһ㣡ʯɫȴǴЦѣ׬ǮĻˡ
Һÿడ㾹Ȼ͵͵ôҶߣߣҵˣƺЩ̫ˣҪ֪ǰʯǲʲôܵġ
״ʯΣֲ˵ʵ̾Ϣ㣬ʵҲ֪Լ㲻ǳɹˣҲ˵ֻ¶ˡ
һֱһϲֻǺƵͶ·ֻǰ˵ˣǸľϲûˣʯһݺݵ˵
ģЩϲ漴˾죺˭컬ģߣˡ˷ۣܻصԼķС
ǺǣŴŮƭʯЦЦ˼Ƭ̣ٴóöϸߵŵͭغŴ֮󣬿ʼ
ʯԲקԼϣ漴˫ĿӣʶϲٿԲ
һδεʧܹʯҪ죬Բƣʯ˷漴ԲڷУѣֻǲһʱʱ䣬ľԲžһ˵档
ʯҲ٣ʼڤԽӯʶһһϱ֮ΪԴﵽ˲״̬һ뷨һԲͻϰԼԸ
ڤһʱ֮ʯԶԲһṦͭǻλƵĴӵ漴ڷڷ
ʯһδεݽߣһδδָڴﵽʶϣ˲ĵز˿ӵ֮յ˵Լھ칦ܵˣ
˿ϵԲʯһһķɵԼУʯһŲٿصһ߶೤ľľֻ΢΢ڵ˼£û˶
̫صƷǲУûôۺҪƽʱ۲У֪ʲôطܸ㵽ʯƬ̣öϸСԲϰ
˰Ϸˣ˱һ֮һᣬطϢʯǼ
һβԲǽϵľسΣʯǿܲٿŰľգƵԽԽ
ľ̫أܿģʯоľæڤָһָ֮㵽ҹʯԵظоٿһأ䲻΢΢һЦ
ףʲôʯĶĿͨ䷢Ժ棬ƺнŲĬƬ̣ʯһ廨룬Ȼ뿪˷䡣

ʱҹƬڸ¹⣬ϱʣʮְι֮
ּԺ⣬Ӱģ֪ʲôƺּ꣬ұͲߵԺǽÿżʯͷ
ӣ˵ֻʯСӵķͿԣһһЩ˵
һƫݵ꣬еʯ飬Цٺ٣֪ӣңֻҪһǾܣǾû£
éݷһ࣬ʯ˫ĿһУǰң˽Сӡ
ʱ֪ʲôԭǸֹɱ˷ŻЩûҹĳǻǸġʯЦЦ
Ȼ߻谵ʯ˵Ӱ첻ڵϼһʯͷһ֮£ವһʧġ
Сӵ˵ͷ֣ȶ֣Ȼٿңҡϣң
ӸҪʯ飬Ȼоϱʯһ£漴ŭǽӵ꣬߸һŭɫ
ӣ֮ǰΣҶûҿڣ㻹Ҷȸ״Щˡ
˭ˣԼоˣͱңŲһ㣡ƺʱĿģԺǽϺȻ˭Ҳûע⵽һȭͷСʯͷ漴ǵ˵ϡ
ͬһʱ䣬һö廨룬ĵķɵԣ漴ӵϣ۵ѽһͨһˤ˵ϣӻˣȻоŰһ룬Ѫ˳
йܣҲ֪˭һ䣬Ⱦܣ·ϲʱı廨ϼ£˿Ŀİˤ˺üӡ
ּҲԶһô£ȵЩͷȥôûû£̫ڣҲԶʲôһṦ򣬿Ӱ˹һϲ
ȻôòŻ˵ŻǰȥȻ֣ȫͣϲ˭ɫҰףѪɫŤƺʮʹ࣬ŵɫһףҽһйתͷûӰ


ڰ˻ Ľ
ٺ٣һö廨룬ͰΣˣǺöӱȷɽãԸߣҿķ٣ҪǿʯͷʰһˣʯվԺǽ˿ǱӵĶˣɵ̾һ䡣
ûо㣡ʯ˵꣬ɫһѵԺ治ʵ˵ʲô
ص䣬ʯһδεĺľһδεĴڤ벹䣬ÿһʯܸоӡ
ȻܲٿľһգֻǺܿϧ޷ǷֿԷ裬һĶãٿҲô

峿˽ڵ緹˯úܺãһֱۣ쿴ȥ˼㲣˼־
㣬Ժ׬ӣҸˣȻֳɵģʯϴ֮󣬶һ࣬ǳ
׬ӣʲôʱܹһǮͲˣǮ׬ΪôãÿζжСǮһЦ
˵Ҽ֪ˣ׬ǮҲʧΪһְ취ʯ˵꣬۵һЦ˳ٴ뵽ʫ顣
˳Թ緹ȥСջȻʯ˺ˣͲȥˣҪȻ˶׬ǮٶͭǮҪġ
ҲԸɷֻÿ࣬ʯҪѧϰҽҪѧѣһЩþҪԼģûǮĳɣ
УԲУʯԡ
ǰǾʱ㲻Ÿĸȥʱ򣬶ڼչ㣬ôڷӦô󣿡˵
һҲȥ׬ǮҲ׼ȥΪҰˣԼ취ʯɫһҲǷͬ⣬֣ܵң˼£Ҳ֪ʯԼҲʯˡ
ɣˣЦе˵
ѧϰʲôʯЩڴʵ
ۺ룬оóһƵĹž΢ЦСͲһʲôˡ
ҰһЩƷĻ֪ʶԼһЩþβ˵ķĻע¼棬ˣĵطʱҡ
ԣʯ˫ĿŹ⣬Լ飬Ƭ̺ʯüͷһ壬ڵֻβ˵ķ𣿡
Ҫɱ˵ķоâһɫȻЩɻĿʯ
ˣҪһЩܹķƷһ۸ǿٴҲΪӳһʯɫһģ˻ǲ٣ʯԭҲûŷȥɱˡ
ԣɫһЩ⻹࣬ЩҪ㽲
Щ˵ĶϷ򲻻ᣬΪֻһҽҲܽ㣬;ҲҪоʲôɱ֮
Ϸͨķҽûʲô̫ı죬ϣвٱǿģǸоѧҲȥұˡ
ʯһΣԼֲʶѸԼβƷϾû⣬ʯҲֻܺѧϰʵԽԽãⷢԼ˲ͬĵطһͣҲܺúŪһЩ
ֻҪϽңôȥұˣҵⱾžӦòװͰɣʯɵЩǷҽԷıǮ⴫ڸ˵ġ
ٺ٣СӵҲ飡Це˵ʯоϼһٴʲô⡣
žֵƣȻûӣԺٻҲԣٻҶʮڻϣҪϷҩͯӴ˲뿪Це˵
ڻ϶ʮӣʯоЩף˫Ŀһɣʯ䣬Ӷûˣʵ󣬶ʮһʲôĿ
ò׵Ļȥұ˺ˣ˿ɲޣʼ磬ֽž
ȵȣҴӦ㣡ʯ˫ĿŹĿǹžҪûԼκһַģûѧϰ
ʯĵҲһϺ꣬ϼһǿԼʺã׬Ǯо޷϶ʮӣ͵ùԹԵҩͯԺ׬ǮǿɾͲԼˣǰ׬Ǯֻ飬˭ܱ֤Լ׬ʮӣ
һ£ҽǲҩôҪҩͯʯɻʵ
ٺ٣ЩˣȻҪҩҪҩȽ⣬ﲢûУǱҪҲŻȥɹġ΢Ц
ðɣʯЩ
ӦôɴķϣϷԤ֧ЩƷм۸񣬼¼˹ž֮ϣõԽ࣬Խ࣬ѿԽƺõķңһһļ۸񡣡˵꣬óһľӡ
ʯһװǱīֽ⣬ֽжʮţÿֻһ㹻ˡ
лˣҪûʲôҾ͸ˣȻѾӼƻеʦͽϵڵĽ׹ϵʯҲòھأҪһġ
㣡Це˵ĿʯԶ΢΢һЦСӵǺܻ飬ٺ٣

ͿͷЦЩ⣡·ϣʯЩ޵˵һ䡣
ô˵Ѹεģɫһ˵
ԣʯʼ磬鵹ûʲô
ʱԶӰӶмǰԸСؤһͣ׵СͷмϸС״ѪǱʯºˡ
ʯߣʯˣæ
ӿһӣֿ˿ڵϴ󣬻ȥɣ۵ģ
һ˿Ĵˣ΢Цߣ˵ڸҲûˣǸպʰһ٣ҲΪǱ𣡡
ãϴģʰܽϣƺ϶̫۵һ졣
Ҫʲô컹Ҫ˲ɣڲǷǮˣȻЩɫǼĵʯǰӲǷǮƣҲ˲١
ʯһůһ󣬿ڵҪ֣
ߣӢۣãҲԣӹ¿ͷϴȻٰҰһ飬úãºһ͸ʮǮЦЦ֮֮ɫ
Ŷ֪ʲô飿ô󷽣óʮǮңʯЩҲЩɻ
Ա٣˲ǰȥͨҲǰȥμӣ˵ƽٴߣֻҪЩԱϣõʮӵĽ
Ҽ㻹ӣͽˣҪǰӮʮӣҾͻ͸ʮġзŹ˵
ʮӣٺ٣лֵר֪ͨˣʱҪӮʮӣһ͸ʮģʯ˵꣬Ҫߡ
վסƲԳԷƣǺðɣֻܴΪֹˣʲô֣ݺݵؿ˿ʯ
ʱʯŲæĴȡһ廨룬⻹ŵѪӺͻӸҪ֣һ廨룬ȾܣһãȻԭأһҲ̫ûˣƺûԤϵԼΣա


ھŻ ״
εң֮ǰһʶ˵ĲһҪ򵽷Ϊֹʯ˵껰ӯ廨ֶ
ûӦô£ϱǱ룬ѪֱոջعָҶɿڱ漴ְ룬۵İһ죬˿̲ʶվﲻֻܱ
ڰתܳԶʱƨְ˺ü룬һ̣Ȼ廨ԼǰԼܣ廨붼
ڶһ£۾ȥŵĻԣʯ˿е˵һҪǲܽԺ»и鷳
ȻûҶʯָʾתһ߲ϵѪһ߾ޱȵĿҶɣЩߣûֶΡ
ɫޱȣ˫죬ŵĿʯıӰһ̲ûио£ǸоδйİȫУֻҪʯڣԼͲʲôΣա
ʯйѻعƨƨߵ˹ûʯڣͨһ˵ϡ
ϴԺϴʲô飬Ҷģϴ֣֮ɫ˿αװӣԭʯúýѵһ٣û뵽Сôһ֣ʯû֡
ˣԺ鷳ˣʯʼ磬廨룬תȥ
æڵԺԲϴ鷳˭ϴҰһվ˽ʧıӰ֣صĵ˵ͷ

𣿡صУĿת˵
˵ԺõģҲ۸ҲᰤˣȥμԱĴ٣һ԰ʮŪ֣˵껰ʯ˫ĿŹ⣬ʮӣĶ˵ɲһСĿ
ãǳԹ󣬰úϢ㾫񣡡ܶ£˳Թ󣬱ǻصԼķ䡣
ʯ׼ʲôֳӾͺˣҪǼƷֻоˡ
ʯʼٿԽԽصĶǿԼʱĲٿ廨룬ѵ׼Լٶȣһľϴڤ룬ÿһλָ֮󣬶оǰǿ

ڶգ磡
ŻǰʮĲԱңլ֮⳵ˮҾۼ˴ʮˣеǿ֣еͺشʵģЩͨˣ޷լԺ֮ڡ
ʯ֮һվȺ̾Ϣ֪ôУˣ˼Ұ¹治ףû
ʯҲ֪լ﾿жô֣Ҳ֪жˣȵ˰Ŵһ½ĳ˶ʮˡ
Ϊ׵һ٣ͷףߣһ֪úܺãһڰԱۣ߸һɫȹòŮ֮˿֮¡
ŶʮӰǱſһȣ˫ֵȥ棬εӣ˵˫ĿŮϡ
лλμϷٳմҿ϶ֻҪϹܱСŮԼλϿߣõʮӵĽԱ˵꣬һӣԱǶϡ
ȹŮӿ˿̨ˣ΢΢һЦСŮҶʶͲˣ˷ԵĹأӦҲ֪˭һϺشʣ
һŻ۵һЦڵǧ٣Ŵ
͹ɺ֮٣ָŴʲô֣˿꣬ʵ
ºΣ˵˵
˵껰һ˱ī˼¼λӻҪһоԱһµġ
һһЩվȺһ΢΢ҡҡͷҲоںεĶԱº޹ʣûм¼˻صȺ
½½Լ׼Ķʱȥϸ꣬Ҳûɨ˵¡
ֱ˿ڣҲ¼ʮ̨ºüʮˣеĶʵ̫ѵǴţҲֲˣϾЩͨˣܺЩȡ
ȻûˣôʯĳΪԱ׼һʯƵ˵
룡ؿһʯۼˮԽԽֻϿ˺ûȥоʯһ磬Ҳʲôöǿһ䡣
ǣ綫ˮʯ˾꣬˲ɵ˫Ŀһ
ƶ֮ˮϲ죬ҵڣҲû˾һҡҡȣҲǾ
ٺ٣ҵ˺õĻд˾ͿϧˣһŰ£Ľ׳վԣ΢Ц˵һ䣬ʯüͷһ塣
λ˫ĿһЩڴĿʯ
ٱɽɣʯֽ꣬о̨˶ʯ࿴̨ϲӼˣʯĿ࿴겻üһ
һٱɽɣϷһ֪ˣôҵˣλʮӣʮԱ쳣ˣû뵽Щûʲô飬ûȺ˾Ķ
ֻǲ֪ǲԼͽǲô׸վԣĽ׳İ꣬ٴοڷһ䡣


ʮ 
ιӣղҪɨˣֻҪͽģ˭ھվͽ͸λӣü΢Ŀ˿Σ漴ЩǸĳʯ˵ͷ
ʯνʼ磬ӹʮͽǮȴֿ˻˶֪һͻʮӣط׬ǮܳҪԼǿ
εüͷһ壬俴ʯЦЦθ⣬ʯڵλӶ˹ɸҶʫһףȻնΪٳ͸ֳһʫ
˼ʯĳֻΪͽǣʯûȤͱ˱ʲôʫʸ踳
ȵȣȻΪ˲ͷĳǣɣǸһʫʣӮˣҸʮӣӮˣٺ٣Ƕʮӽͺãռ˱ˣΣδһ֮˲¶֮ɫ
ʲôˣԱҴӣ±Ա⻹Ҫۺʮó練ƣʯʮӣǿɼл
λӺ¾ˣμʯ˵æ
ãֳʫ˽֮ʣʯϵĴӦֻʯʢʯȴֿ˻ŵӣ׬ײ׬
׺˲ϣ˼ؼˣֻԸã΢΢һЦ˵˵̾ѣףˣ󱲶һͬף±δϣҲǵĳ١
ʯʱѾҹϸ꣬ʵû˼˵˵ϣǿڵκκθκΣκνʯʫû꣬ͱŭϡ
סڣף٣ظκεҲˣҲҳڣֱҴ򣡡δ˻˵꣬Ҳҡͷ̾Ϣ
ʫﾳԼôʣʵٳ޹ȥյ˭Ҳˣҽȷʵãһֱϸ꣬ٳȫ鶼ѹ
ü΢壬ڵλӣҪʵû׼ˣ޵ú˵껰һҡڳһӡ
С˵꣡ԱЩ˵
лԱ⣬ϣʯĳû֮ǰ˲Ҫţ֪λǰǺ˭ѧģڱƷΪ֮ǰͳڴϣûòʯ˵꣬θҪʯʫ
κκθκΣκνף٣ٱ࣡ʯʫ֮꣬˵𾪡
̫ˣͷβӣϸ˵£
ֲýϸ꣬ԭǸԱףٵģ
֮ٴҲԱٵ֮󣬹
֮̾ѣ׷ֽоʯаЦʫǵ֣εʫȻ֣ʫһȣֱһΣҪ꣬ʯνʱ˺͡
ˣλӶʮӣλӣлʫϷԵŰݷãԱһ˵˵ƺϸҲûôˡ
лԱ⣡ʯ΢΢һЦ漴˿ΣڵܹӣԸķ䣬ʯĳЩ飬Ӳո͹ȥҲɣ
ߣʮǣóʮƱð͸ʯ漴ߵǲڱһס
˼ûȤʯƱתߣκ޵ֱûж˵ʲô˵Цƺûн֮ǰϡ

ҹܺڡ
ʯ˷ܵ·ϣû뵽ô׬˰ʮӣֱϣһṦȻЩæպá
ô죿Ҹ׬ӣ٣ʯüͷһ壬Ȼȡһö廨룬΢΢һ廨ವһȥ漴
ϴ󣬵ȵңô̫ˣʱʯ˰Ȼ˳
ԭСӣôٲɣʯ˿ߵǰİ˫Ŀһе˵
ǸϴС۵ܹº֣ģٺ٣Ц˵ʯûʲô⣬Ҳûзɾ衣
һ˵Żһʯȥ
СӻģðɣҺҾǮٺ٣ʯЦЦ
лϴҡȻ䣬һУԣһ֮£ͨһ赹˵档
ڰ赹֮ʯȻһѳɫľʵذףҲľʣҪˡ
ٺ٣Сӣô׾ߵ𣿡һͳͬһʱ䣬ֵһˣԼһӰʯʼټϾ̫ԶʯʼԿԷݡ
ߣʯ˿ǰյľذףֲõԤУԼӣôܶԸһߣ
˭г𣿡ʯ˫Ŀ΢еĿԶǵӰ漴עŰֻذס


ʮһ ҵ
㲻ҪʶңҲҪֻ֪̫࣬Ҫ֪ҪܵѵͿˣԺҪ̫ߣǵӰŵͳ˵
ʯһ߷ذףһעǵӰҪҽѵҪñ˽ѵ׼
֪ηѵǰƯ̴ľذףҪ㣬ҪӴܽѵңߣССܹǵĴڣӰ
ʯ˵ľذ׺Ȼһ漴ʯʯ˫ĿһУз֮µҲûлš
οһವһľذ׼ʯͷƤȥģоͷƤʹȻһ߿ƵƷܹڰתλģǶȥ㰲ȫˡ
ʯȻ֪˵㣬ľذ״ӺԴٴμʱʯ͵һҲ˲ʲôٴζһ
ףȻôݣôһǵӰЩɲ漴һ׼֡
Ȼ䣬ɫӰҽһһƨɣɫŤȥʮʹࡣ
Ȼҵ鷳ǲ֪ҵʵݣҺúýѵһʯԶ
ɫӰعƨٴα˼룬ɫӰһߣһعһö廨ӳ¹⣬ǽʵʵϡ
ʲôݣޣߣҲߣĸɵģɫӰһ˵Żһһγһεֵ廨롣
ʯδ߶ö廨ҲԹɫӰæһУԶľذһವһ
ɫӰľذףͷҲصǱӣԤϣֱԷ͵Ϯ֪ʯǳϸ£Ϊϲߡ
ͨһ
ɫӰԶʯ̱˵ϣڴڴŴͷð麹ɫ΢ףȥ
ãǱҺˣʯоԼеѣ佩֮ʱķ廨ЩԷǿ˿Ȩ
ǿȸо࣬ôô죿СӺһʯЩɻ
ʱ룬˵ز˾ö湦廨룬ƣҲûǱܻ˼ҡ

ôˣʯɫףȫͣæʯߣһˮ
ʯ˹˵ĺ꣬ĨĨ죺û£ºڣ̫꣬ܵˤ˼ӣ
һϸĵظʯ˲϶ʪˣȰ·˰ɣ
ʯ䣬̬ȼʯʯѵڹŴڳʯҲûбܻ䣬ֻЩɫ΢죬漴һɾ·Ϊʯá
ʯ˿ϵĳۣоôδȷʵ
ˣƶˣ찢Լȥѧϰɣȥҵ£ҪǵǮҪԹ⣬ȥ׬ǮĶʮӣɫ˵
׬Ǯʯһ㲻˵Ҷˣ˵ŻʯǼµĳóһǮЦеϵ˵࣬
㣬ʲôʯЦ
⣿ӮӰɣҲô࣬ⲻʮǮϵ˵࣬оġ
ʮӣʯһЦ
ʮôôࣿ𾪣˶ˣûлعʯֲһ
ʮƱʯ˵꣬¶ɻĿ⣬ʯֱۡ
òŪò֮ưɣȻҲԲôʯջʱǱԼ뷨ƺʯ˴һܡ
ģҲˣЩӶҹӮãʯ˵һ飬ٴľ
ðɣŰֻǣЩ㶼֪ôţǾͳԸ׷糿࣡ڼԼĺϱһ±뵽˺ڵĿ
ˣ㣬쿪ʼʲôǾʲôֻҪǳܵУֻһʼԺһ׬ø࣬ʱ䣬Ҵȥ򼸼·һЩΣһƯƯģʯ𵱳ӦĻ֣ص˵
û뵽Ҹ֮죬һʱЩӦһӣŰɣһԺõõô죬㴩ʲôһȻ׼ȥʲôʯĻǺܿġ
һᣬˣʯ̻ʵıһ٣ʯЩϢԻص˷С

ʯ˫ĿĿԶҲ֪˼ʲô˴ϡ
쵹Σգ˿侲û뵽߸е·ͻȻټһͨѻоӵˡ
ҪǶսұذɣӦȥ׼ٴҾûôˡȻ֪˭ʯлЩ²⡣
Ƭ̣ʯ˫Ŀһգʼһʱʯоָǲٿŵľٴζǿȡ
һṦһգʯоЩƣ㲻ٴлָȻ˻ϲ٣ʯȴԳЩģҲ
ҴľӴ򿪣ʯóǱžڻ谵ĵƹϸĶ
ʱʯž˸ţҲ˽һЩҽ֮˽Щþߵ
ʡīֽ⣬ԷǷǷҽרõ
ɻΪˣʨβëΪʼ⣬ֶﶼͨҰޣ֮ʱҲҪ̻עʧܵʱҲͱ˷ʣƷԡ
īԵ֮ѪϵԼһֽҺɫҺ壬עͶɣ˵ҺһܶвУϡ٣䷽ҲͼīֻܻһЩͼ
ֽʽȽ϶࣬һЩƤӹɣֻǼӹĹЩҪɾȻɣҪһֽɽ¶ҺݻʱҲһʧʣ˵ƤԽãԽߣƵĳɹҲԽߡ
̨ĲԼǼ򵥣԰Ϊ̨̻һЩע̨ӵԼɣֻҲּͨϡ٣һֵ̨ܸߡ
ʮīʮֽһţ̨ʮͷڴ𣿡ʯļ۸ɵðϺ꣬ȫʺһ顣
ոյֵİʮӣΪԼС˲⵰ˣʯЩԽܣԲ²ǲԤϵԼ׬ʮӣ
ϸһ룬ʯҲȻЩԷǷ϶ܱˣֻʯ̫ӦԭΪĶʮũūѸ質ûɣЩǮʮ꣬һѻصǰ
ӣǲһˣ취׬ӣоһλɣ˵ŻʯʹīմˮֽͨϣһööŹֵķļǺŻ


ʮ 
ʸ¶һ磬ʯܵңҲûȥɻϾ׬Ǯۡ
˵ɣҸ߹ģ⾡ңһЦۺ롣
ˣʯɫһ˵
Ŷô֪Էߣǰչʾɻһ䡣
һ̴ľذףҴˣвչʾʯĴŽһ顣
Ŷоâһǿʲôɵɽһǲǰױ¶ݵġ
ҸоǿȲ࣬Ҳٿص廨룬Ȳ˺Ҳ޷ߣСӻˣΪʲôһѣоһӾͺľˡʯʳĵ⡣
豭ƷһڣƵ˵ʯǸ࣬ͨ˸ӦЩʡ
ĸѡУһ̶֮󣬱Դ¡ô˵֮Ժڿ磬洢ҲֻһģУΪ龳
ŲǿȣлΪ״̬ҿŲٿΪ龳
ԷȻܹٿ̴ľߣһ龳ߣȻԲٿ龳㲻ϡ
û粻ܴ洢ƽʱһ΢龳һϳ̣Ƚ֮£϶ܿһյġ
ԭˣ̴ľʲôʯСѧǸСףʲô鶼棬ʸס
ִΪ󣬴ɡϵĸ߽ףעһñӵԣΪ
߾ʹõ֮ٿطţ֮ٿӦ㣬٣ģνǺôࡣ
ӵԣ˶ս֮ʱԷԼǿһЩҲ޷ĿȨȻ̫ǿϹﻹа취ġ
ͨ龳ӣɲš÷֮࣬ϰʱ˲˵˱֮ʱһԷԼױԷԼȨǽΣա
Ͼûԣκ˶ԿƣŪ£龳һϰ֮߳Ϊߣ԰̴ľľΪѣʵԶ
ջ۳ʹ£һЩӵһ˿΢ԣһ¿ɼٱԷȨΣգֿԿһЩۻ֮⵽
ۻ֮ʯ˲뵽˵ʿõľû뵽̴ľҲаֻǴľƽʱϡ٣ֲһЩʿжľѾûˡ
аϵ̴ľľʯſһ䣬׼ԼһߣϴһͺձԷ廨ĿȨ
ٺ٣ȻУָһгЦݣ۾ֲڵۺ롣
ȿȣ˵ɣӣʯҲ÷ϻ֪ͷܰ͸Լ
ʮЦе˵
ȥɣʯ
ϵľȥ𴦿ʣ۸˵ˣ򲻵ʼ硣
ðɣʯԸĵ˵ͷóһֳɵľذף鵹Ǻ˲١
ٺ٣ԲľذףϷ׼óȥģ£зЯѡľӲλãҲĴһȦ˶սһ׽˵նϡƺЩֵӡ
֪û˵ôãʯƲƲ졣
ವһ
ľϼ۵һնǽ֮ϣû漴΢΢һ𣬵ɶʯǰľذ׼ⲿ˿
⡭ʯ˫ĿŹ⣬˿ľֱȸķҪֲɱҲ⡣
ٺ٣ΪľߣֻǸ𣿲ҪľʼӲ߶֮ʱҲγһֱ߷ޱȣƺʯľȣ΢Ц˵һ䡣
öʯæľذڣԡ
ûµʱ򣬶оЩֻǷ֮ãк֮⡣ɫһЩ
ģʯǣ˶٣ʯڵҪ鷳ô죿
ʵɣҪɵӣǲģд鷳һ䡣
ʯЩΣԼ鷳Է鷳ԼҲûа취˵ҲЩԷ龳ߣԼôͶԷȣʯĥŪ
ûп㿪ڱǣʯ֣صʵ
ף䷽ûУҲ쳣Ī˵򣬾ϷҲ·˲ҲƣƷһ衣
ðɣʯΣָ£ϰһЩĵĻȻʹõĶͨıֽ
һʱ䣬ʯ󲿷ַļǺżȫգֻǻÿַҪͬķĴɣʯҪӲһЩ䳣ʶ
Ȼ䷽ʵҲԸһ㿴Էʲô飬һŷֽϣһöͬķġ
ֻʯ֪ʶֻӲջ֪ʶ֮󣬲ܻԼһЩĻ֢ͬҩһ㡣
ϴ󣬲ˣʱ⴫һеʯſڿȥ
ףڴŴһĵĳڣʯżϴС۸ˣȥæǼ˻Ҵһ١
ʲôʯɫһ䣺ȥҼңʯǵøڼҴţȥɻҲӦˡ
ôȥңһ£˱ЬɵúúõģͻȻǼˣȻͶֶŵġ
ʯŭ⣬һк˹ȥ̾Ϣһ΢΢ҡҡͷ


ʮ 
ңԺ
ĵӰΧΪ׵һۣʮ꣬ĸߴ⼸˽ǶʮͷֻǴƾɡ
ٺ٣Ȼ㸸ĸˣʣʯǸ㻹ңԺҲЩӻֻҪҷ̺˾Ϳԣ꿴˿˵һЩ٬ܼ˹Цѡ
һͻˣʵ㣡üһ塣
ʮ꣬ǰļСֵܣŭű꣬˭Ҳ˵ϾǶǶʮ꣬׳ɲʮܱȵģ֮ǰǰ֮
ȥˣºþòܻûбˣͱٱκλˡЦЦƺ˽١
ߣȥҰˣ뿪ü򶨣һᵽʯƺġ
ǸĪ˵ΣʲôЦһ㣬Цֹ
ˣųȥڽ۸㣡ʱԺ⴫ʯֻɫ΢ףŴһ·ģҲ
˿ĵӰɵһЦȥúúãҿȥģһǧҪĲźã
ˣʯ˿ǰʲôˣֻҪʯڣܸоһְȫС
û°ɣʯߣһе˵
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ƨ㲻֪ϴһῴǲųȥŭһʯĿֲ°ȱ˸˽һЩ
صһ
׵һ߳εŵŵţ˺ü漴һյ˵ϣɫͨƺһ
û˵ķݣٶ죬Ͱãϴһ˿֮ɫ
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ڸǸҾ͵ûʯóľذףüͷһ˵ͬʱ˿ˡ
ðСӵҲӢ۾ѵǲ֪ߵغˣ˺ôЦ˵ŻʯȻʯҲɵЩ
ವһֻʯһ˦֣ľذ׼˲Цֹ׳ȥһľذжһƾķɡ
һ̣պնϥϣžһ촫ƺǹѵ
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˲׳ȥһľذףΪλ𾪵ԭ򲢷ˣûĲҽУ㶵Ŀͷϣһڰգûеڵϵľذס

ˣ
⣬һҴһ£񾪾Ŀʯ¶ԷԼһ£˿̸ûٸҳЦʯˡ
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ζˣԺʲôʯĳģһ㣡ʯ˵껰żȥ
лϴԺ¾ͽң˿˵ıӰоôһϴţԼҲ±۸ˡ
ʲôôЬҿɣ˿Сֵܣкһ֮˱Ǽɻ
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ʯڴˣᾪȵϳˣԱҴԼΣֻǶͷ֮ϣ֪ΪεһСƺЩס
Ǹô˶Ҷ֣Ϊ龳޵е𣿺ߣ˵Żһתȥ

ʯصУ򵥵ĳ˿ڷʯ֣صĸ֮£ڴӦȥҸɻǻصϢ
ʯǹغŴٿľذڷѣͣȻת򣬲ѵ˾׼ٶȡ
ʱţʯľذ׿ƵԽ죬ҲǻҪǣʯоľذ֮䣬һ˿΢ϵƺԶߡ
һһ֮ʱʯպˮֽͨϰһööķļǺš
ָ֮ʱʯǼٿ߶˿֪ƣȰ빤̿ѧϰʱ˼Ŭ֮ˣвɹĵʧкλڣ


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Ż壬éڣ
ľϰڷŶʮŻõķ΢⣬ɢżɫķʧܺӵġ
һֽͨţ滭һööֵķģһɢһأŪһƬǽ塣
ʡī⡢ѹڻõķһԣľһǷһŸջõķһŻۣɫЩ㲣ü͸¶ּ㣬ݵ꣬˫ʳָ۾Ŀö
һṦöϾöģȺһ˿Ѽâ겻ŲæѸٵطֱķ֮ϡ
৵һ
ָһö֮ʱŷһ΢⣬֮ʵԷ֣ӵкβ֮ͬ
꣬ûţҹû۵ʯ
ٺ٣һֳɹˡʯ˫ĿѪ˿¶΢Ц˿ɫķüͷһ壺ЩˣҲʧܵģ
ʱʯ˳Էʱļ䣬ʱ伸ǰԼ֪ʶȫѧᣬҽһööŹֵķȫ졣
ʯĶʮŷֽȫƳ˻õķ붼Ǽʹ֮ãҲһЩˣ˿ڿϵķȻַŷʧܡ
ڼ䣬һָʯǻٿľذףǿȣԼ׼Ⱥٶȡ
ʯ˿ϵľذףһ֮£ľذವһʯ̧һ㣬ľذ΢΢һ𣬱Ǵ˵档
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ٺ٣Ȼ޷ȣһ˱ˣҵѨľذɱҲǲܣʯ˫Ŀ΢е˵
˸ʯ˸˯оƤԽԽʵ̫ۣҪǵ鷳вԼʯҲƴ
ڵҪôˣʲô£ֻҪܼסƿ϶ɹŬ롮ͷԡʱȻѹǶʯ̾ѣҲΣ
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QţŹ̶µĹʹԱŲĹǧƪһظŰʮ˶£ȴϵڱ¡
ܡ֡Ÿſ磬ϷȺķ˴ʱ䣬⻹õģе˲ҵоа˸ǻķഺбҲ˱Թ֮˺ɹ֮˵
һҪ֣ʯɫ֣ص˵û˵꣬˫ĿһһͷԵ˴ϣ˯

ʲôСЩһֱû뿪ң˵Ļĸɵĵӣ֣ȷϢ󣿡ĳľڣüͷһ˵
վһʮˣ۷һٲαϹϾ
ܹӣС˲úϸ˵õϢҲ鵽ļ࣬˾һСӣûʲô
ϴɽǿ壬ĸ˫˻ЩǿǸϵֳǿŽСӶ³ߡɫ϶˵
Ŷʱʲô쳣ٶû˵ǿʣһ䡣
Ҿֳܹ̫ˣҪǱ£ܱǿץסСЩ˼ȡ˵ϴԱӮһЩ֮󣬺Ҳ׬ӣڼɽձŲʵӼ
Щһֱûгʣ˿ţʲôϢңνһ䣬ʵת뿪
ĬãһٲַȻɿɽգߣҿڱ࣬Сӱе㸴ӣѵиָ㣿
˼Ƭ̣һ䣺ߣ֣СʦƫΣҶ취ʰ㣬Ա廨֮𣡡˵Żţٴףʫ飬зһâ

ڶһ磬éڣ
ʯ˯һһҹԭһƬǽɾЩҵֽʧ
ϱī⣬Լõķľ·ѹʧܵķʰʱڵϼûӡ
ľһϴõʯ𴲺ϴϻ˸ɾۣȻŲʯȴǲҸоһǰδеů
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Ὺ˽ʯ΢΢һЦˣ˯һһҹۻˣҾû㣬ȥѷ
һṦŷ˽һ߳Էһ˵˵ЦЦ
лл㣬ǸʯԵ˵
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ô㣿Ҽˣϸĵʯῴı飬϶ʲôԼ
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ϲͺãֻǵÿԣҪɹ̫ۣҲʲôҲˣʯ֣ص˵
ԣЦƺ˿ǰԼչʯʯûʲôԼġ
ڲ֪䣬ȴǷԼûκ鶼ȿʯǷˣˣҲϲָоʯĳˣĳΪչŮ˵ˣ
˳ԹһᣬʯľذףŻõķңﲢûˡ
ˣʯһ䣬ûκηӦ
ͷȥˣѵ֪ѷϽˣʯУϣƷҲûҶ
˰ҲûжʯüѵǸ˿֢ȥˣôԺŶأ
˵껰ʯŷһŻȥǺݣӦƽʱ˯Ϣĵطʯɲôû𴲡
ڲڣٲҰĶˣʯһ䣬˰죬Ȼûһ㶯


ʮ ѧϣ
˰죬ȻûĶʯЩ
أһ죡
ףʯ˫ĿһУо֮дһ죬Ȼ΢ʯĶĿԶˣǱ
ʯ룬һɵ˳ֲǷ֮㣬ддθ˾Ժһ˵У
ʯ֮ʱ֨һ죬һһ΢ЦĴӷ˳ʯһ㶣漴˵ͷ
ʲô鷳ˣȥܺãʯľϣ豭Ʒһڡ
һΪڣûʲô鷳ֻһӣ˵ŻʯƺõĶʮŷϡ
ֻһɨ漴оâһʲôʮŷֽ㾹ȻɹƳʮһöϼ֮ɫ
һʯƷɹоʯֻǴɰˣԭʮŷֽΪʯײҳԣϾ۸š
Сƣֲ龳ߣʮŷֽʯðˣҰ뷨ѧߵһƷƳɹʮţﵽĳɹѾѵá
û뵽ʯȻﵽٷ֮ʮϵĳɹʣһڼʱɣɲһܹģһר޵ʦҲˡ
ʧˣ´ȡȫƳɹʯЩԲѵ˵Ƿ˷ۡ
ΪƷͻÿγɹ𣿾ϷƸ߼һЩķҲʧʵģҵǺ棬ôôʱƳģѵ⼸СӲԲû˯˿ʯЩѪ˿˫Ŀ˼һ䡣
ǱһծѹôżаʯЦЦ
ҿСڵ鷳ɣûûҹƷ㵹ùٺ٣ÿһöֵϣȥɱʮͭǮЩһǮɣЦе˵ͬʱаʯļ֮Ȼ
ʲôֵʮһţ̹һҲ׬ͭǮģʯоܰƤʵ̫ˣи̲ѡ
ЩǸβõģʱʮ㶼׬Ǹ߼ۣԼóȥûеط˭û¾͵òķ
˵һҲòôҪȻԼȥɣʼ磬ʯҪ
Ĭãʯͨ죬йƤ˵ĲԼȥôಡˣ˵һ˻ò
ǻһŷôҲֵʮĵģʯüǶʮһţһǮµġ
Ϣɣ´ϷþͲˣٴ¶һʽгЦݣ۾ţʯǽһ
ðɣˣһŷֽһЩջǷʯҲû٣ʮŷһǮҲһӣֻҪԼŬڻҲûܡ
ΪϷֽһʱûô࣬ʣʮŶȥɣ˵Żʯóһõķֽ
ãʯֽƺʲôʵǰƮһʲôҸоЩôܲҶţ
Ŷüһ˿ԥƬ̧̺ͷضʯá
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㵹ֵҩֻһЩβ˵ĵҩˣЦЦۺ롣
ԣʯȤȱȱûʲô˼һרоƷˡ
ҩļֵߣһЦ
жߣʯһʡ
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ʯ˫Ŀһһŵҩ϶ʮö⵹Ǯĺð취˼Ƭ̣ʯ˵ͷ
ãѧֻҪ׬ǮҶѧʯڱĲȱȱǮֻҪûΣղûߵ飬ʯԽܡ
ãҪǷҲһ츳˵Żżڴʯݡ
һ䲻̫ľңһŴھͱ˿δͣʯңһյķڡ
˼侲󣬲Сһ¯һɫСߣһ̻ͼĶǣСһЩĸ
ŶԵĹŶʯа̾ϢСǰֿоСֱһ㲻ͨƳɵģɢһɹ޵Ĳ
ǰҩʯһűһ񣬲ɻһ䣬֪ʯ䵱˼ֵǵĹŶ
ǵǣһСͷǷհһ£ʯ˸漴װһ̫ӡ
ٺ٣ǵһҩҽⵤҩر֮ǻͨҩƵҩ󽵵͵ҩҩԣҳɹҲߣЦе˵
ԭʯ˼˵оһȽϿס
ȡҩģڿʼ˵꣬ǽһͨλһ֨һ
һĻˣǰһǽںȻ΢΢һ漴ȻͬһԴ򿪣һŨӭ
ھȻҩ԰ʯ˫Ŀһֲ֮ҩģ֮һ˾ֻǺܿϧûһʯʶġ
ЩϷмҵˣһЩֵǮҩģЦе˵
ЩȵĿһᣬ˼ϸݵʯȴһ˿ɻ󣬼Ȼҩ԰Լַ׷ǹʣ˿Լ
ʯȻ濴Ǹӣ˼ɲ棬Ϊ˵Ľ飬ѾﵽûܵĵزҪԼܣʯо϶
ȻЩɣʯȴ֪У漴ɫһעЩҩģڵǺʱʼ
״΢΢˵ͷаʯĳȣ΢ЦԵȣԱϣȥҩ԰ժ˼ҩģ漴ҩ԰ҹرա
ÿҩķΪݣȼ¯ɫСϣڻ£΢΢죬ֵǣʯоСܲûʲô¶ȣһС֮⾹ȻҲ֡
ҩȻǺöʯ̾һ䡣
СӣҽҩķֳݣҸһݣ򵥵ġ衯רθˣú˿ʱϣҼ̺ۡ
Ժһһ߽⣬㲻Ҫϸۿÿһ軷ڣȺҩĵ˳򣬻Ҫע¶ȡɫ֣ص˵
עʯһ䡣
ֻͨҩ裬鵤ԲҪĹۿãƵʱҲָųɹϷҪܴﵽʲôزѧֻ򣬿û츳ѡ΢΢һЦ
ʯɫ֣صĵģʯһϸѧϰԵ˵ͷĽһҩķ˶ڣʯǾ۾Ĺۿ


ʮ ѧ£
ʯһעÿһڣһԺÿһ衢ַ¶ȡԼȺÿҩĵ˳򣬺Ͷʱƿء
һʱСҲʱĴ¯ʯ˲ΪҲҪĵط𣬽ɢ
ҩԾۼһ״ɹѸ¹̵ҩԣ̣ؼģһһʧܡ
ȻƷʧܵĻɢ̫ڲ࣬ҩԽֻͣҪ¯Ҳںģ
ʯûлشʲôϸţɵӣʯ֪Լûôס
ط˵ʯоЩѣԴ󣬵ᣬС޷ɢڵЩήҩԣãǾǷϵ
һƿصҲ΢СһزĴҩҩҺһ𣬳ΪһԲ״Щ
һ
ʯ۾ۿ֮ʱȻ¯£ҩڻһ󵭵ҩƮɢ֮ǰʯʵȻͬҲû֮ǰĸо
һṦŻٴνҩѾ쳣̣ҩڹš
صһһҩһâವһ£һָ״С֮ɫҩ裬׼ȷϡ
ٺ٣ôɶˣֽҩ׸ʯ
ЩȵĵҩʯüǿˣƺЩѶȣ˵
ҩһת֮£ҩڲʶҩŵ¯ϵʱ򣬶ڸɾޱȣƺЩҹմȾ˶ʯ̾һȻԲЧ
ʯû϶֣ǳƬ̣Ժ˼Ḷ́һ΢΢˵ͷ
оûʲô©ʱʯһɫŽ׵Ļҩģǽҩ𴴻ֻǴ˻ֻƬ꣬˵йأͻмƬꡣ
ҩҩ֮ڣ漴СĿ¶ȣķ裬һĽҩȺͶС
״˵ͷоʯʱ䡢˳Լǲ֤ʯܺãѧϰǿ
ֻҡҡͷʯȻÿһ˿ǹ壬ѧϰıûѧڡ
ǿҩʲô̶ȣżһҩģҩĵĸ۳պʱ£ʯȫʱÿһȫûע⵽ҩĵı仯
һṦʯ½ͣҩҺѾȫڻﵽ˿ĵزʯɫҲЩ
СҩҺмۣܣżЩУʯЩУһЩոҪɵҩҺٴɢ
һδʧܺʯȻżûзҲ٣׼ٴҩʱһɴ̱ǵĽζ˳ţһƵƮɢʯͷ۾Ŷڣһ
ȿȣǺˡʯҲҩΣһѬ߻أȻһ̧ͷŵŵŵ˺üɿȲѣ۾ͨ졣
Ʒܺ㻹Ǹ࣬ҿЩͨҩ֣ҪȻọ̈̄ˣһΪһ츳Ҳɣû뵽ˡ
һֹӣȥʧǵһκòãʯ
һʧܵûʲôһκУϷҼʶˣţǡ˲šˣǳȥɣҲûҩʯ뿪ҡ
صڣʯҲҡͷ̾ϢһΪϧЩҩģۿ׬ӵİ취Լƺûݡ
ǼҩĶӣ󲻣ҪǱ˵ĻʧܸγɹһΣ˵ҩҲ׬ǮġʯƺЩġ
ΣΪ鵤ʧܸ߰˴ΣɹһҲۣⷲʧܸΣһ˿˷ۡ
ȿȡʯЩҲģҲ̫ˡ
豾ͼ۸񲻸ߣҩļ۸Ȼ̫ߣҲ㲻ˣǿŽ𴴻󣬶ʮһţ˵
ʮӣʯоеۣԼղһʧ־ʮûˡ
Ϊأ𴴻ϵݣûЧԴﵽҩԵĽ𴴻٣һա
µĽ𴴻ûôֵǮˣʮӾ㲻ˣҲûȥ򣬱ϾûʲôôﻹһЩʱ䡣
ѹЩӲܶĽ𴴻׬ÿ죬Լҩһе⣬Ļһ㲻ʣĽ
ŶǵǣҾȻȥˣҰЩ㣬Ȼûʲô츳ҲͲоˣ˸кʯ뿪ҡ

ȥɣˣ˵Ƕϱɱ
ֹһһ쿴ҴƮһӰˡ
㿴˰ɣξ˵Ӷˣϱɱ
ʯ߳ҲԶһȺŴĳȥʯ̾Ϣ˼˾ȻҲȥ֣ʱ䲻ȥ
ףϴҲҲȥ֣ʱԶ˹
ûǸ£ҪȥϢʲôÿģʯʼ硣
ˣ˭˵ˣȥֵģϺԴһʿǨأӴ˼ˡ
һǶӷ裬Щ֪ôȻɱζϱϵɱƭӻ˵ֹʵǼٵģȥ֡
Ϻû£ʵıӦ߰ϴһȥ֣˵Żʯߣһʿ֮࣬ʯ֪ôҲ͹ʹûз
ȵϺʱʯǴʧԭΪʲô֣û뵽һʮͷӣȥЩһľҲǼľ߶߶߶ʲôԺΧһȺˡ
йҲץɣʯЩһоûʲô˼Ǵ뿪
ףȻ䣬ʯоϺԺĳĽ䣬ƺһݵĲڣʯʵԸӦʲôǾһۻϢ
ѵйʯһֻֻۣסľذףȺＷ˽ȥһṦ򣬱Ժ
ʯ˫Ŀ΢УעǴǽǣһŶǽǴһֶȥƬ̺ʯоâһ
Ȼжʯоһε˳ƿԼƮȥȴʲôҲ
ʯǵûнţּľذ׻̽һСأд˱֣ʯǲ̫ģϾ˵ۻ֮
ףȻ㣿ߣôʦֵʦܣסʱκȻȺ˳˿ʯڵľذףоâһ


ʮ߻ լ
һۣʮͣòЩͷϴһָ״СߣԺ￪̳ľֻżöֽ
ǰһľˮһСЩ̵Ѫȼһ룬һֻͭ˩һľһǡ
˻Ϊһλɣʯһ۾ͿеĻɫֽֽͨ⻭ģ˿ԶûС
λʦڿ̳ǸӦʲôʱνסʯ֮󣬱ԣһ˵
״һȻ֮ɫɫأڵСӣ̫أ㻹ȥѪ֮֡
ߣʼ磬Ҳûߣȥ
৵һ
ߺὣһӣסΣλӣˡϷֱԣǽȥؽͷȥ
лѣ˵꣬ûߣǰľ֮漴ǽҵ
⸻ҹӾǲһǮﶼҴ֪𣿾Ȼ˵Ļլû˾סˣܸоɭɭġ
ҿδأΪɣпιǰΪҪҥԵġ
˿ν뷿ڣһ˽еĳеΪι壬᲻һ
أ
һṦ򣬷ڴ죬ƺڴһ㣬˲¶ɻ֮ɫƬ̺ʧ
˫ֵ߳䣬ڵ֮˵ƭ˵Ķˣߣ˵Żδӷ˳
Ҷɢ˰ɣʲôûУֻ龪һǽʿƭ˵İϷˣ΢ЦƺתһȦʲô¶ûһֻʯЩء
Ҳ֪ʲôʯǰһĽ׳Ż۵Ųùȥûʲô˼ʯתȥֻһƲ߲֪ʱʧ
ͬһʱ䣬ȺһӰľذײڣδ߳󣬴˱Ȼȥ֮ǰҲ׼֡
εԸһΪǰһԳԼʲô£йȻԵЩԼƽʱڷǰױ¶ݣʯоܹʵЩΪˡ
ʯ·ϣһ£һ߳ĳͬ˹ȥһŴڶҶɳɳ
ôˣֶʧɣεʯûᣬŲӿ죬һṦӰǴܵʯǰ
˽֮꣬ǰԼĻӣһЩֵ꣬ûзʯϣǿǿԶĴ
ߣװŪϼһ꺰һʯ΢΢һ㶣䵹ûзʲô
ٺ٣λֻƭԺȣûʯɻ֮ʱ߳һӰһۣͷźߡ
ֻλʦû֮ǰɷǣűż˲ϵͷɫ۾Σлǰûʲôôľֻͭ塣
ߣϼһƭƭ˿̳Ҳ㣬֮ǰ뾹ȻɷѪаڳɷһǣЩ꺦ӣɫһ˵һȻӡ
ʲôɣֻѧűҰڵã˵ˣѪǱаô꣬˵߷һ䡣
аˣãլȻ޷㲻լһ˿ѧģһԼСҪȥѵ
һɺԣֻĹص֮أլϺլȻûסô˵լҿҲǸƭӡ߷·˵ӵ۵˵
㶮ʲôլͨг˼װޡƷڷšԱסȶӰլ֮װ޲Ʒλ㣬ءвͨլΪլȻۼ
Ϻլ겻סˣأװɫƫ䷢ɹⲻ㣬أټϾ̫౾أϺҵͭȻֱմţء
Ҳ֪լΪֲ辰󣬹ർӣլλλȻˮ㵼լһλˮ
֮լ̫أլ̫꣬סȻÿֵ̫귽λڱ仯ũ̫꣬Ȼλڶϣլųλլ̫ꡣ⣬˯ľλҲ귽λ̫꣬լС
ұҲӣլΪΪװεңұŴԴײɷլǽֲֱ
լŪɷѪаЦǿһͣҷҪúýѵһ٣һլصĵطۼ꣬Ūӿ¶Ϳ̿ɫص˵
ʲô⡭Ȼôѧʣߵ۾ûҵʲôĻʯǾޱȣ꿴򵥣˫Ŀ΢еĿʯƺʲô⡣


ʮ˻ 
ɣɣ̽ҰɣϷһƫ˵ǿʦָ㣬ˣϣݴʦѧգһϹϾӡ
ٺ٣޵ƺãɫһͣѾûˣԺҪɲô׷Ź㣬߰ɣ˰֡
лɣлλ飡˵ŻǱŵһûӰ
ʦܣʶʱ򣬷꿴˿ʯ
һΣƺ𾴷꣬漴ת׿ʯ΢ЦλֵƺҲұ֮ˣ֪ʦкɣλǴʦ½Ԫ
λˣʯĳЩ飬ǣʯ˹֣ûٶ˵ʲôתߣ·š
Ǳ½Ԫһ֮ʯǰ΢ЦλֵܼȻҲұߣҲͬˣ½ĳͽһʯѡ
ǡڹɽ½Ԫ֪ʯʦкɣȻ˷ɽҲҵ龳ͬӦûûдﵽɣ
ʯüͷһ壬оԼ˵̫ĻζȻỳԼϾԼ鶼ǺһЩҲ˽⡣
Ǻǣ½ѿˣʯĳ˵̫࣬ʦżɻ䣬Ѽ£λڣʯΪܽı˱ȭȴ΢΢һ㶣ʯתȥ
оֹߣˣȻȥɣ˷һЩģ½Ԫкһο˿ʯıӰ˱뿪˴˵ء

й֮˵ʯûлؼңΪ췢£඼ʯЩ棬ѯһ
΢΢һ㶣ΪߣҪ֪Ϊ꣬һִȻѱǣִǿأȻס졢ءеġػꡯ
ֻд˻ɢֻд˻лᱣ˿˵겻ɢǴ⣬ҲǴҿдԿµĹ
ǰִڵػ֮ϣпδԸҲʶĹ»ҰĴҹ䣬ֻԷЩ˺ǸԻԪ
ҵ֮˲þʲôϾֻһûʲôʶѣкκµģǰľذףעҲֽɢƷһ衣
ԭˣʯ΢û뵽Ȼй꣬ʯ־ƺûôˣֻǰڵ϶ڹδֻ֪δ֪µġ
լʯ緢˵һ飬ѯһЩӦֶΣϾûǰûԱġ
ŶԭˣҲǣûнκɣֻһɢޣ鶼Ϸ͸㽲һȥլûôһЩʶĵ䣬Ȼլ

ҹܺںܾ
¹ʣ˵Ӱ任紵ҷ֮ӰڵŤζƺצޡ
ƺЩѹ֣ʯվլͨͨͣԼɲߣһ²Ź֣˿ץľذ׵Ѿ˺ˮһ֣լϸûˡ
£ûµģ˿ʯӰ΢΢һЦ˵ʯֻһʮĺӣЩп־еҲûж롣ɲ˽һӵеĻˣڹĿ־жǿҡ
ɨɨĴŻɵüͷһ壺ƺǱⲼó˼򵥵ɷѵаڴ˵ؾۼ꣬Ҫа
ʯ˿ӣ׾ӵƷ裬ɵЩɻȻоЩŤǿʲô
ⲻǼ򵥵ļҾ𣿲ѵҲܲ󣿡ʯɻһ䡣
΢΢˵ͷҶˣ߶սȻҪǿ󷨣ս
˼Ҳרд˵ַ߲λԭȣѰͨƷӦ߲ߵԣ򵥵Ĳó󷨣еߵ˵ַȻɱУȴǿüֶڷ˼亦˻߾ˡ
ɷ󣬱Թʱ򣬲óۼģͨ˷ȺʹãǽɲС˺
˵ŻŴͳͳ򿪣ҽ￴Ƽ򵥵İ裬ȫŲһȼ˼֧
ƻ³ְͨˣǰгɢãؾͨˡȻլɷ֮أǽۼ꣬Ӷ˽ΣգҵȰշ˼䷽Ƴɡ
լ̫طʤһɴŴ⣬ҲȼöǿߣرÿµĳһʮҹﺥʱأһЩ
߶ɫɫɫ߶ѵҾһۣݴأͨ˾ס̫ķӣܻоЩɭɭģסķլס
跿ڴɨ䣬ʱصĵطҲҪֲ̫ﻨܡ
ƽⷨͨҪ٣լͣͨؾ磬߶ͨﵽƽĿġ
ؼ˻Ԫ֮û˾סĿշӣκΰķڣԷΪ㣬ܷǬң롢Ȱ˸λƽⲻҲ٣һš
һװκǨ룬ƷҾߣ˸λеͻᱻң򣬾пܳƽ״̬ʵҲвó˾ļ󷨣ͬϺмˡ
ν︺Ϊͣһլһ磬ͨƽ⣬ͿȷһԶΧ֮ڡá
̫ҲǺ£ԳܵģдܹнﲼóģҲʵ̫ˣ⵹õʲô˵껰ѾլȫŲϡ
ԭ˼סլЩ˵ʯ˼˵
ǺǣҽЩɲо˼סլģǷ˼佭ʿ顣˽Щ߱رĻʶԭ
ԺƷ󷨣һЩҪõЩĻǰһΡ˵
Ȼ䣬ʯоǰһ紵ʶƺЩģ·һģڸǻӰԼ΢΢˸
ʯ۽һȻ뵽˹꣬о쬵ģëȻЩ壬һ˦֣ವһľذֶ۵һǴĳȥյգţǹɭɭĸоʧʯذס
ǺǣǱͨ˿еĹˣľӵۻ֮Ч㷽߶ذףѾɢӰǡ
ʵûʲôµġ˼ʿûԸֶξҪһЩˣҪ󷨣󷨣ศֶΣĥս𡣡ƺͷֻ꣬ǹûг׼һʯǴʯ뿪˴˵ء
һ·ʯ࣬Ҳ飬ԼҪǻص򣬿±ھ˽ĻҪˣҶڹҲûô־ˣʯһкǶԻؼҡ
ףˣﻹһЩ칦ܵģʵӦþһЩߵĹͨҪǶѧἸ֣Ըֱֵ
˵龳޷ʲôһһЩ鷳Ҳþʲôˣٺ٣ص֮ʯҴҵĴһк˿ڷ֮󣬱ǶԻصУڵ֮
˵лԣ龳ʿȻ޷۳֮Ļ򣬰˵Ƚ
ھ˵֮һӣȻ޴ڣƽʱȴѼӿѧֱһЩ
Ѿﵽе壬ǰķӦÿ۳ģʯ˵꣬ǿʼЩ֮⡣


ʮŻ С
˵ķֱ۳򣬵ֻСл޷ֱ֮Ҳ֪ġ
ڵִ֮ϳ֮Ϊ칦ܣɻṹķͿԲÿȼγɻ󣬶ֱ۳򡣡ʯ˵ϵһЩ֪ʶ
ȼչ󣬻нǿҵӦӵ񶯶вͬ״Ӷȣͷŵһֱ֡ʯ˵껰漴˫Ŀһգûпȼ£ֻƾܷ״̬
ڰ쳣ţʯӦؼԪأһṦһſƽʱѼɢŸֹϼ΢ͷӣʯ֪Χڡ
ʯٿΧһſƶϣջĻѧṹǿҵĦ֮ϣʼγɻ״̬
֣˵ֽĳɷӦ״̬Ϊ޷γɻ棿ʯЩɻһδʧܣʼղҪ죬ȴûз
ѵҪγɹȣγɻ״̬ʯϷӣһṦһſ΢ͷ۶ԾĦһ˿΢İâֶţâɢ¶ȣөҡҷ
ɹˣʯ˿΢Ļ⣬˷ܵЩҪ浽ΪϵĿƼ꣬ͽַ棬ǽǶôϡ飬ܲʯġ
ʯ֮ʱ۵һ죬һ˿΢Ļ漴Ϩ𣬵ʯȴûʧԽ˷Ȼ﷦ζһԼ֣ʯȴȻţûпʼİٰŬЦ죿
γɵ״¶̫ͣƻһ㣬мõһ¶ֿԽһΪĵӡʹӣԭӻӷˡ롯ЧӦ
ɵӺĸȣֳʵԣΪܵųӰ죬Ϊ塯Ҳһ¶ȼߵĻ״̬ʯ
ΪʵĹ̡Һ̬ڡۼ̬Դӻѧۼ̬˳˵Ҳѡ̬Ϊʵĵ̬
״̬Ҳҽƣ£Լҵʾ޺ƣ纸ʱҫ۵Ļ𻨣硢ȣǵ巢ı֣̫Ҳһ޴ĵ
˵Ҫ۳ǿĻ򣬱ûΪֻ̬ɱŻ߹ͨƷȼʱƻʯ˵Żٴ۳һŴСĻ硣
ţʯϴ߶ʹĻӷѲӣһſŵӻ׷ٴηϣ롯֮󷢳ɫġ⡯Լһֿ񱩵ġȡһ𣬾γһȭͷСĵ̬档
Ż澹Ȼɢ׹⣬˵⡯͡ȡıʧӦóһЩӣʯоִ֪ʶΰ󣬿Ҳ벻֪ʶ
ͺñȼĻǰ׹⣬˵˽ĿҪڿСһЩֱɫΪ˴Ҫ󷹣İ׹ֻʹ漸ܷ⣬ʱʵȼȼգ¶ȲŻﵽߡ
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ʯȻһҽУɫŤƱǿһƬʯȻһ˦ƺ˻
۵һȭͷСɫľϣ洩͸漴Ҳ۵һɢ
⡭ʯƺʹԼٿľذףȫ֮ҲԴ͸ľ˿ȭͷСĻǱԼľذɱҪ
ϣʯ׼վȥ֪һĴ˵ĵطĵۣǲɵһ֣󣬵ȴ˼ƻ֮С򣬲ܹ˺Լ
ڸڶҽˣô˰ʱŶ룬һеʯߣʯֻƺ󣬲ɵ¶֮ɫ
Ҳûʯô£æܳȥŪʪһˮʯǱǿ׵ĸצƵСơ
Ȼϴĵʹϸĵĺǻʯо˲٣ҿ£ģʹС
㡭˰ڣ̲סһ䣬漴˿ľϱջĺڶ
ȿȣ㣬Ҷ˻𣿸ղ˵С⣬´βˣٺ٣ʯӣЩС⡣
ɱ´ˣôéݷɾôڣһѻ¾ȫûˣû±̫ˣϢҲһ䡣
ˣ֪ңһҾϢʯ΢Ц
ƶ죡ǰһ˿æ·ûдãȥЩɢȴɢһ˵ĸоСİڿڣôǳˮܽһ㡣
ˣûб飬ֻʪպˣϢץɣƺʯЩصҲ֮󣬼æܻԼķ䡣
δˣôߣʯƲƲ죬ҲûעڴϣǻǰһĻȻ˷ܲѡ
һ죬֮ǰС򼸺ľټҪʱɢʹʯоһɾ⣬漴˫Ŀһյĺ˯

ͬһʱ䣬Աĳ侲ڣһϥһţ۴СͮͮԲҩ֮д˷ܵĹâ¶֮ɫ
ٺ٣벻˳նɱаޣõˡƾ˵ӦÿԽסصźһЩϼһĿ࿴˵Żһ½ҩ˿Уһʯ֮ŵҩҩ
ȻʯҪٽһҲؽ֮ϾڵҲֻǰѣ˵֮޷̫ԶģĿǰͬҲвȱݣҲһЩ޷ơ

ڶһ磬Աĳڣ
ʲôʦܴ˻棿Ĳڹɽӷ꿴˿Ρ
½Ԫʦ֣˵û˵˼ȷʵԣһǽ̸֮ʱ˵ڹɽҲˣʦ࣬ͷҲû취
Ҫǽ翴ʦֽ׻һʵġ˵Ż̾ϢһһüͷһĿΡ
ߣȻ˷ϴøңҲߣȥļҪúһڹɽĵӣôͲˣ½Ԫڵ
ԣһ˿ıóѵϲɫȴûӵù½Ԫ۾½ԪһЦΪʵڲʯʲôպҸʦֵǰεСϷǸ½Ԫᣬ½Ԫװ֪νЩĻ֮ˡ
ٺ٣ã½ʦ֣ʦܣ͹ȥʦ־ʹʦһѵ֪ڹɽĵӲǺǵģ˵ŻǴ뿪˴ʯȥԺлʯʹ쳡档


ڶʮ ʤ
һéݷڣһȭͷСɫĻգҷ֮ƮѣܱǿƺЩŤ
ʯվСԶüͷ΢ĿŻ򣬾һҹϢټϵ˵ǻָ߰˰ˣ컹ûʼ
ۻҲ̫ˣҪʱѹȹ̵̬۳ɻ棬ҶԵʱҪٿڰշС
ֻҪʱһάֻ̬һͿɢԺҪ죬Աֻȹ̫ʱ䣡ʯоСȱ̫
Ƭ̺ʯƺЩ㣬漴һѹڻϵߣиԪطɢɫ۵һʧ
Ҳ֪ʩչĻʲô״̬ģлʶһ£ʯ˵ŻǼæ˴ͷָ
Ҳ֪˶ãƿţ˶˽ʯڴͷ󣬲ɵҡҡͷ
ô磬̫ƴˣȳԷɣ˵Ż˰ڵϣӰںõʯ
ʯЦЦģڵʣһҹ˯ҲûʲôµģĲ˺㰡
̫ۣһֻ˸㲹԰ɣʯڣҲûпԵ˼ÿγԷʯѾϰ
һԡʯһ鼦͵Լһ鼦̻
˿ʯɵһЦ᲻óֻȣּиʯȥʯĿ£Ҹûھܾ
ʯѿڣ½Ԫֽ̹ɵĹʯѲߴͽ̣ڶ֮ʱһ䵭ֺгգʯ˫ĿһС
˭û˵꣬ͱʯִϡ
㲻õģмѹһ£ﲻҪȥҷģʯ˵֣꣬صĿ˿ץ½ǵ˵ͷ
һݣʯǿΣ½ԪԼϴĻꡣ
λȻʯĳļң֪кιɣʯа裬ȫ龳ߣҪԼûʲôʤ㣬ʯ֪½ԪѾ׻ˡ
ٺ٣½ĳҪʯѱһ½Ԫ˵껰αһЦЦʯ˴ţа޲ѡ
½ѣʯĳѧղʦŷԸÿд裬ǸʯɲԼ΢ȥԸһ龳ʿ
ǺǣŹ޷˰ˣ޷½ĳֻһֻҪܽ½ĳĻӮ½ԪЦЦһȵӡ
ʲôѵǻʯ˫ĿһУǵϴ½Ԫ׿˵Լ龳ġ
ô㲻Ǻѵ첻ҳˣ£ֻҪ´˻Ӯٺ١һ¶һаĻȡ
ãʯȻˬĴӦ½ԪҲ΢΢һ㶡
ʯԼ뷨鷳ţǶ㲻ģӦԷҲû̽һ»ص㡣
ãʯˬ죬½ĳ˵㻰ֻһʤ˵Ż½Ԫ΢΢̧۵һһŰƴСɢŰâС򣬳ϡ
״ʯ˫ĿһУ½ԪʩչȻǲ˺ԼƣǻʯʩչĴһȦԲ״Űɫ棬Ϸȥ
֪ʯѴεֵ㲻Ƚٺ٣½ԪЦе˵꣬һ֮ɫ
ʯ˫ĿһУƵƣ򵥵ڰӣɻ֮ʱ۵һ죬һȭͷСɫС򣬳˰գʯѳߡ
ʲô굱𾪡
ܣһš
㣿ѵҲǻʿ½Ԫɲ˵漴Լһ׳գԷʩչˣ⾳绹
ٺ٣½Сˣ˵Żʯһ֮£ǰɫ䲻ʱ䣬Լɾģһ̶¶
½Ԫ漴ӦҲҵ˹ĶսһþͿˣ߼ĶսǽȻͬģ漴Żǰȥ
صһ죡
ĽһŹϼѶһǼֻǰɫ̼ǱɢɫȻСһȦȻܲĳ½Ԫȥ
ʦСģ꼱æһ
ã½Ԫû뵽ʯĻԼûü׼ʲô鼱֮¼æһ˦ľذ׵ǰȻȥЩЦ½ԪĿǰΨһܹԱֶΡ
ʯǸоһ飬ûϵŻ󣬲Ҳûǻײ½ԪϣȻԻὫˣһؽ³Թ
һ֮£ʯŻһת׼ƹ½Ԫλն㿪½ԪʯѣС򼸺ʧȥƣȻһ߱ѿһɢȥ
ȿȡһɿȵĵ˺üһ۱ճüɫ԰ײѣһڻңȥǱдż־壬ּһ˿Թ޿ʯû˵
½Ԫ˿εǱģɵֻҪԼʯͻȻԼҲǿʤ½ԪȻὫԼͷϡ
½ԪҲǰľ俴ʯƿصļֱ¯࣬ҪЩ֣Լ߸޷ֵ򣬶ʯǸһɼʯʵԼ֮ϡ
Ǻǣʯֶθ½ĳ䣬˷л飬ڣ½Ԫʯ˹֣ζ˻ߵˡ
ĬãʯԭͬйƤ򣬳˿һһգǻδɺϣһҲ㲻ס˼ˣԷ붯ֵĻʯذɡ
½ԪȻЩʵʩչƺûʲôģѵǿʯ˵Żǻص˷УСֲ԰ײѣĴżָץۣһֱнŵˡ
û£ˣʯο˼䣬Է
û¾ͺãҲû˵һᣬʯȥ׼ѯһܽ׻ѧϰһЩ߼ԱֶΡ
ףϴҲȥμӲ𣿡·ϣԶƨƨߵ˹ʱʯԼƣԼûʲôôôôظԼ
ԣʲôԣʯɻʵ
һϴڼ϶֪£ԸϽһиյӣϣʮµ˶ȥμӲԡ
һѡУһɾͷɻڴʳˣٺ٣Ȼ˵ʮǰμӹ̭ˣλȥɣЦǺǵ˵
ŶҲãȹȥһ˵յӣʯûҵϾһҽѧĶʵޣлɡ

һ
һΪò¥Ľǰһźۣ̬ưһľϣǰһӣ˽ǹؾأ˭Ҳزӡ
һʮľԣֻɨۣҡҡͷߺһ߱һĺͯ
ףЩʣȥԺһ°ɣ˽Ӧģ˵꣬æл˷ܵرź뿪úӽɣǽһӵ
½½ܵһˣЩʵˣȥܵڶˣֻҪڶһԱɿдߡ
ʱֵǰֻһɨҡҡͷҲҶ˵ʲô̾Ϣһ֮ʯľǰЩĿ˿ꡣ
ףʡ껰û˵꣬Ǳһٵϡ
ⳤϣҪɵļϸãʱεӰԶ˳һͬеĻ½ԪԼԱ֮ŮĿתĿʯʯһεɣһ


ڶʮһ 
ҵⳤϵĺü
Ҳңⳤˣμæ͵Щǰⳤϡ
ף½Ԫ׻ˣⳤϺȻʲôЩȻ֮ɫĿ˿½Ԫ
Ҷѣ½ԪⳤϣȻΪ½ԪȻⳤϿͿԵü΢Ŀʯ
ⳤ漴˿ΣɻŴ˻⣿ʶˣⳤ˵꣬ɫһĿ˿ʯһɼϸⳤϽԥĳֽɱ
ʯƺоⳤϵɱ⣬·𱻺紵һ̹ǣ俪˵ȴǿˡ
ⳤϣǻʿαװͨǰţȻͼıɫ֣أһΪɰȫı顣
ⳤһ㶣漴ЦҲһ£ʯЩţıʲôϲ˿¶
αװⳤƲƲ죺㵱Ǹ費ɣ綼ûпֻͨһˡ
ҪǰסΪֻܣһǴʲô˲õıϢסԭ磬ڸߵ磬˲²͸ʵΪˡ
ΪȱϻҪߣʮһëͷСӣΪѵоҵľ绹Ҫߣ
ҲңӲ˼ҡλû˵껰üһĽϡ
ʦ֣֪ΪҸף٣㲻ˣҲûҪ˵ɣⳤ϶׿˵ˣѵǸⳤϵɫһ˵
㡭λû˵꣬ⳤϰ˰֡
ԭˣ˵ô˵һͨˣȻЩңԣҪ˵ˣǲܸӦ޷ģȥԺһ°ɣⳤ˵꣬˵ͷʯ뿪˵ء
а޲ѣ˫ȭһ𣬱Ū˵ݺݵؿʯıӰǿ׷ȥĳ嶯
½Ԫ˫ĿһУȻⳤҲʲô½Ԫо˾Щ죬ⳤţ½ԪҲ˵ʲô
ⳤϣȹȥˣ½Ԫ΢΢һЦɫ糣˵꣬Ǵ뿪˵أⳤĵ˵ͷ

С㣬ǰ¶лˣ·ϣʯһɫȹ˵ҪʯҪЩ鷳
ˣΪ˸Ҹף٣ҲģҲ̫磬ʵ󲿷˶Ҫ̤֮⻹Ҫԡ
ܸ޷ѡһûܹﵽ㣬ҪԼȥһ¡΢΢һЦ˵
л֪ʯЦЦ֪ڣԼ˵ʵ̫򵥲ˣҪ±˰Լɹʯ޲õչʾһ˵Լõ͵Щûʩչزۡ
һṦһǰվſڣһк֮ʯ˱ڡ
мһ˸ߵʯ̨Ϸһֱˮ򣬿ȥͨͨ
һźۣĸݣһ˫̶۾ߣվˮ򸽽â˸Ŀ޼ɵĴͣһͲʲôࡣ
Щ֮ɫû˵ʲô
һƤڵʯ̨ˮϣ漴˫ĿһյĸӦʲôƬ̺ˮųǿҵİâ
㣬ϳˣѡ˵껰һ꼱æ¼뿪˵أ˴һȺ֮Уվʮ˵ӡ
ʯﶼǲԺϸˣһȥʯ̨֮ϣס飬ǿˮоһڣǱ
ֻҪ㽫Щ·ڣϱᷢ׹⣬ݹǿжԸߵֵͣ£ᱻ̭һ䡣
ٺ٣̭ļʲɹģʱſӰһ½ԪεӰ˽
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ʯ˿ˣüͷһ壬ǿһ䣬漴ʯ̨ȥҲûˣ߱Ͳ̶ۣзſ˿ˣɻ֮ɫ
ʯ˫Ŀ΢գһֻˮϣӦڵǹֻǽһˮ̫ⷴྪף뼴ɣѧϰ֮ոʯЩ
Ƭ֮ˮû˿Ӧ
ףʯüͷһ壬Զҡͷ̾Ϣһ
ʯЩɻˮһԵȫȥֵҲﵽϳˡ
Ƭ̣ˮȻ˿仯ʯƣѵ̫죬ˮŪóˣ
ԣϸ񣡡ɫȻ˵
ʯЩʯ̨㱣ԼˣôܻӦ֮ǰȷʵӦˣʯ޲ý˿ȴûһЩ˸ӻΪԼĸɵļϸˡ
ƺǷʯɫ̫ԣ΢΢һЦûѡҲ޷ĲŻͨҲܳڵģ߰ɣͼֲˣЩƾвŻȴûԣע޷
ʯ˼ĵ˵ͷ漴뿪˴˵Ӱʧ֮󣬺˫ĿһУ΢΢һЦĿ˿½Ԫ
ٺ٣벻㾹Ȼ׻ˣȻܹϷǰӦϷ飬Ҫ˵㻰ȻĻٺ١ߺȻ½ԪЦЦ
½ԪһģȻִ°ҽߣôȻģٺ٣˽һ¶һĨаЦݣҲ֪ǴʲôЭ顣

ʯһк֮󣬱ǶȥȻɻ󣬻Լǲķʽ粻ͬӶǲԱղԼ
ʯѣʯӣ֪ĳӦγƺ㣿ʱεԶϴһϷ֮ɫкεĴһ˿ɱ⡣


ڶʮ ֮
㣿ʯ˫ĿһУ˷Ųɣ½Ԫײⳤ϶˵Լû磬ζԼг޿ˡ
ĳ֪ʯӵǲߣһ䡣
ʯĳûбҪش⣬ǣɨһĳǽǣʯתߣȻԼߣҲûԼ
Ȼβûȥ׷һĺһ䣺ٺ٣СһЩĳȥչһ׻֮ˣʱɱҲû˸Ҳ֣ٸҲҹʲô
ĬƬ̣һת뿪˴˵ء
Ҳ֪˶ã֮ǰʯǽһӰ˫Ŀ΢еĿ˿ʯԶȥıӰЦߣ֪㵽ʲôҲգǴ̽̽·Ҳã鷳
ͬһʱ䣬ѾԶʯɫص˼ʲô
½ԪȻڸβ֪Ļ㲻ɱҲҪһѵ˵껰ʯü
Ǽ仰ʯоǺ棬ƺǽ׻֮󣬿ɱ˲һ
ˣȥ׵һЩȻֻһҽʯΨһ뵽ˣҲֻˡ

ڹɽɵ˵˵СɵӶϣҪСһЩʧܵǲ̫ܣӦֽţʯž˼˵
ֽţѵΣʯ˫Ŀһ¶ŭ⡣
Ǻǣǻϵʿ֪ˣֻƹܲԵܹҪôǸԳϣҪôڳл֮ˣ֪ͨΪΪ㣬ĿϷ벻ˡЦе˵ƺûн·ϡ
½Ԫʯоһ˵̫࣬ǲµ˴ţоҲĲϡ
Ϊ˵׻Ժ󣬾ɱҹٸҲܣѵǸѾûˣʯЩɻʵ
ЦЦǺǣҴȻɷԸɶԼӣʿϽɱزʧ˲ţɱҲܵԼ
һЩԹɱԶԼ٣ΪǸҪɱˣʲô֤ݣ޴Լ
ǻɱͨˣȻҲֻ۱ֻۣϾҿĻ֧ţطٸǹܲߵģֻԼһͨˡ
ʯüͷһ壺ԻΪޣǾڱԼģǲԼΧڣ
ٺ٣ȻҲһЩߣҲһ뷨мλú˵֮ͬ䲻ɱ
ֻɱһЩͨˣǶԷûʲôĻǹŻСطٸȷǲֵģ豭Ʒһڡ
ԭˣʯͷһν׻п鷳½ԪǾֻʱ̫Ҳʧܶͬƴһ
Ӧ֮ߣ²豭˿ʯ
ʲô취ʯһ䡣
Ǻǣʲô취ҲйȥڹɽյӣҪлԵĻǿԸϵġ
ȻҪڶԷ׻֮ǰţĻһͨ˵ݣԷɱҲǰɱɫһ
⡭ʯüԼܰţô죿
Ҳ̫ģѡеĵӣҪʱﵽһ̶Ⱥ󣬿ϸŻܷ俪
Ҫ׻ǱҪҲ֪жˣֹ龳Ϊûо
Щ˶̫ͣ˾ܹ׻ҲߵĸԶԽ׻ǲ˷һžһġ
ԣĶֲһܹ׻ģȻҲҪŬУһԷߴ˸ʲôŻǻᷢһžģ⵽
˵ȡһЩʱ䣬лˣ֪ҽһûʯʵòĹʵڲ˷ʱƵͽ׷ˡ
˼Ƭ̣ڵ߼У߼ֻֽܸ࣬ʮţû뵽ѧϰ졣
ǺһЩ߼ûµʱϰһ¡ʯɫһ
˫Ŀ΢еĿ˿ʯͷóһžڵʯϲŸ߼жһЩβ֮á
ЩȻܰзҽ裬ҲϷѧȫڸ㣬ʲôزͿԼ컯ˣȻ۸Ѿдˣжʮŷֽ
ʯ˵ͷȻٴνףȴóĶʯҲЩмֲƸʱ򼴱ӣҲ򲻵ġ
лʯȻȥˣʯ֣صĵ˵ͷĹž뿪˴˵ء
˿ʯ뿪ıӰž⣺û뵽̶ʱڣȻﵽȵزʵڳϣֻʵڿϧʵһͿȻȻһ٣ûм˵ȥ

ʯ·ϣЩһףԼҪΣգֻܾʵûеҩԼ޷ףյϵ֮ԼѾߵͷˡ
ôͲܶ¼֮úˣʯȻЩ
ʱ·һŻ۵ӣűⵣƺմɽϲҩȫһЩҩģʯһ۱ǿһ̣ͨһֻƬĽ׻䡣
ҩԵĽ𴴻ʯȻϵó˿ҩģңԼֻٵ˰ҩԵģ˵ǿǶʮӵġ
ʣ𴴻ôģʯһ䡣
ӿ˿ʯƺЩż˵ҩģ±ⵣ˽𴴻
ҪǱ˵Ҿˣʯڵ
ҩҲӣҲܱˣҪҾͿˣȥҩɾͱҪˡ꺩һЦ
ӣʯ˫Ŀһǵ˵ҩԵĽ𴴻۸ʮңȥ϶˵һʱ䣬Ͱװ׬ʮӡ
ɽʯ붼óӣ֮𴴾ͻص˼ңһС̳΢ЦĿԼͶɹƺǰĽ𴴻ʮһ㡣
ʲôô԰ʱ߽ʯķ䣬ʯǿҩķ㡣
ٺ٣㣬һҩģһʱ䣬ҩԵʱȥ׬ʮӡʯЦЦ
ʮӣôࣿɴ۾Щš
ǵȻˣҿоͷԵģֻҪŽ𴴻ήӿ϶׬ʯԼĽ
۵һЦﶢҲûðѵ첻ɣԷɣ
죿ʯԺһȻ˫ĿһЦ㣬ѣ֮ǰôû뵽֮˵꣬ʯЩһͷˮĿʯ


ڶʮ ʧ
Ҫɣȵ˵
ʯһЦȻǣ㶼뵽飬߿˶˵ķûô򵥣ʯɲԴΪԼ̣ǿ٣ִ֪ʶʯӦܼ
ʯ극طϢԼ˷ܹŴ𴴻̳ߣ漴ϥ¶Цݡ
ʯȷû죬Ϊ˶뵽飬ʯȥԣ䵹뵽һİ취ӪԪأ
Ƭ̣ʯ˼ֲҪӪԪشʮֲ֣Ҫ࣬ӪԪغ΢ӪԪء
ӪԪַΪ࣬һ̼⡢ֱֲӴӿˮȡãڶơþ򣬳ΪҪӪԪء΢ӪԪ̡ͭ⡢пȵȣһֱȡ
൪סأҪӪԪأֲͨڿУһԻȡԳ˹ѧʽϡ
Ȼ֮䣬۳ЩֲӪԪأЧԱȻѧЧҪãǴȻĲҲֲҪĹؼһɹԺ֮
ĬƬ̣ʯ˫ĿһգӦؼԪ㣬߶һЩƶŽ𴴻
ЩͨѼĸԪ㣬ڽ𴴻֦Ҷϣ仺ֻʯü
Ϊؼ΢Ԫ̫ˣ۳̬ĸԪأֲҪԪأгǧĸԪ֮䣬ֻƽѼ
һʱʯۺԽֹȫ뿪ֲҪĸӪԪأһЩԪع㣬ձ𴴻
ʯ˼Ӧ֮ߵʱȻһţ۾һɵֹͣ˶ԭεĽ𴴻˿̱ÿݻһƬή䣬ѾĲˡ
⡭̫ˣʯર죬ʮû׬ʯҲû٣˷ʵܹ֤Լİ취УҪǽ𴴻̫ҵ΢Ԫأڿɶǿή׳ˡ
ˣڵ飬һ·˵ʯ˵ŻǽǹžóϸоֱҹЩ⣬ʯŵͷ˯

ڶգ磡
ŻջǰۼŴȺһЩӶ࣬ĳţǰһľһŻۣɫȻľ֮ϡ
޸һ
꿴˿ǰ꣬޾ɵ˵һ䣬漴ߵһǼ
ȺӰʯˣ
ô£ʲôѵڹɽյӣʯһڼհѸ߼Ƴʮţʱǽ˳һǰʯ뵽ϴεĲѡΡ
ЦЦϴյӲ٣ţڹɽܲԵģ󲿷ֶǱڹɽʧܣģֻһٲûڹɽĲԣԸһ
ֲЩˣʧ˻ϣҲ󡣡ʯʼ硣
ʲôʧҲʧʲôǰͷ£һɲʧܣȴһѡУҪһɣ΢΢һЦ
һ
һߣЩΣһ˺ü˶ϸ
һüͷһ壺ʦ壬˶ڹɽѡˣһ
ʦĻ˵ͷ漴ЦЦȻڹŻһڱĴҲѡһЩ˵ģڹɽڹȥҲҲʲôˣٺ١
ǵǣɶյӣǲ֪һܹѡţһŵĳ֣ܳȫһɷ١΢Ц
ʱ򣬰Щǰ꿴˿漴ҡҡͷ޸һ
Щʧû̫ɥϾǾһˣϣ񣬿˿׼ܲԵʯ
ףȻһЩģȻЩңȥ԰ɣ˵ͷûпֶ顣
ʯͷл󣬱ջϤһĻǰһʯ̨֮ϷһˮֻǴڳһźۣĸݵߣһԺϸ˶ûС
ƺڱĿϢûʯһۣˮ򸽽ڵʯ̨ˮϣܸӦʲôڣͽǹڷˮڣܸӦپͷ٣ɷף
˽⣡ʯ˵ͷϤʯ̨Ʒˮϣоһɾ߲
ʯһβ˰˰ɣ漴һһˮڣʯɲ̫ۣžͳɡ
৵һ
ʱˮȻĿâ΢΢һ𣬺ߵ۽һ˫Ŀâ漴ʯ
ʯһ·һεָЩٿߵĿ⣬ƺܽԼͨ͸·ǰʯû˿ܿԣⲻʯ亹͸ҲЩѡ
Ƭ̺󣬺Ȼ֮ɫƺЩɻĵ˵ͷʯǸоεʧͬʱ˿ǵϴڹɽ˾ѡΣûбġ
ʲô֣ˣ߲ɫһ䡣
ʯŻ屾ˣʯСĵĻش𵽣оǰкܴѹ¶ԷʲôҲҲ͸¶һֺѹ
ﻹʲôˣܹ֤Ǳˣƺһʡ
ʯɫһǰһδΪ֤ھö˶ʶġ
ã㱻ѡˣȥһԵȺɣ˼˵漴Ŵһ˰֣ʾʯȥȺ
͵ʯתŽȥ֮ʱһ˿âԼ͸¶ɱ⣬˫Ŀ΢еĿ˿ʯ
ʯƺûзʲôȴһ˿ǣΪԼֵҲû˵ҸоЩơ


ڶʮĻ 
ǰҿɷδǰȥʯЩȻ˽Ӵʱ䲻һЩ顣
ԣԼûа׵ŰñˣŲԺϸΪʽӺ󣬵ǿż
ǰҿɷȻȥһˣҪ˴кЩҪһ£ʯ˿ߡ
ԣǽܾͻȻȥһɣȻϻ˫ĿһС
лǰʯ˵껰ת뿪˴оâһ˼Ŀ˿ʯ
Сӣ˵껰Ӧһ

Űص˼Уʯ֮󣬱ǽĴ˵һ飬ԺȺ
ʲôѡˣϲˣ϶дչЦ绨һ˿ǣȻޣǱʯ֡
ģһᾭģһлᣬҾͻҲߵģʯɫ֣أ֣аٸн
Ű㲻õģһչ˺Լģﰲ΢Ц˵Ѿ㾧ӨԼŨŨĲᣬƺûгһҪʯֿǶݣҲЩ̫Ӧ
㣬ϻжʮƱ㣬ǵչ˺ԼҲˣʯ˵ŻǽƱ֡
ﻹмʮӣЩţԺõõȥʰ·Ȧ΢죬æ㿪ʯƺڵͷʲô
㣡ʯһѽӵڻУˮҲֹסƺʯһߣҲ
㲻õģҲʰʲôＸòϣˣҪҾͲˣʯ˵
УǳͷصĻᣬ߰ɣڼҵ㣡֪Ȼ¶һ˿΢Цʯ˵
ãס˵ĻҪˣʯ˵껰漴ת뿪
΢Цʯ֮󣬻صڴϷĬĬᣡ

ϴģ㽻ģҶסˣ˭ҶС㣬Ϻƴɫ֣صʯ֤ʲô
ãסҵĽһʱҪҾ㣬ԺʲôҪæģǼչ˵㣬ɽ֮ʵǱڻҪģ˵ᴫ㼸СʯвȰ˵
ãһ񡣡˵껰ʯС
ѡˣϲˣٺ٣ûʯڣ΢΢һЦ
ô֪ʯɻ
ȥΣ·ֵġ˵
鷳㣬չһ㣬Щһӱ罫ʯȻ񱨡ʯɫ֣ص˵Ͼһҽһͨ˻ǿһЩġ
ŶӱϣտһѾͷҪ췵Լչ˲Сͷ
лʯ֪ڲּۻ۵ʱ
׶ѣʼ硣
ʯȸˣʯ˵껰˵ͷǰ߱ǹȥޱ飬ƺ˼ʲô

Ⱥ󽻴˰֮ʯЩȫУصջɫѾӽ硣
鶼ˣڣ߿˿ʯ
Ѿδ޴кʯ˵ͷʯ̨ˮ򲻼ˡ
ʱһ߽ߣ˼䣬һ߿ʯ漴΢΢˵ͷʯȴһҲʲô
ˣȥ˶ϳ׼߿ڵ
ϣ볤ϻûнЩ˼ϣõһ𣿡ü
ûʲôҪˣһʱ䣬СӣڹŻҪһطɳѡʮСӣ´˷Ҫֶˡϵĺ̾Ϣһ
ԶʯЩЦãԭŻֻԼһϸģһṦ򣬱İ꣬¥ϴʮ꣬Ůʮĺͯ
ҶҪߣкһʮ˹ؾصĸͯں棬ʯҲǸȥȺм䡣
볤ϣŻˣڹɽѡĻɾֻôһˣˣȷŰɡ߳Զ˵
ãһаϵ˼£볤ϵĻ˵껰ɢʣ²ʮ˵Ķ飬Ӻλϡ
볤ϵһ˦һöεҶ˰գλߴߴһƬҶղڵأֱޱ档
৵һ
Щ֮ʱֻƬҶȻɫĹϼűǣ̼仯ΪɴСӡ
˱ˣ
̫ˣ
ǱҲеģһĽ׳µ꣬Щ˵һ䣬˲ЦѣͬʱŹĿƬ޴Ҷ˽
ʯǽƬŴҶмһܴİΣƺһֻСȵĽ˵棬治ʱŵϼȥʮ㡣
ˣҸϿȥ˷бһҶۡǾ·кһ漴Ҷ״֮ϡ
⡭мС꣬Щ֮ɫôһƬŴҶ·᲻·
µĺ꣬һ̤˷ۣ漴ͷҲվţڷ֮ϣ˫ֽ࣬µȥ֮ȴǴ˷档
½м˷ۣеĺ治ҲеӴ涫ǿһֵӡ
ʯҲû룬֮ϣѡһյҲЩǣȻεĺܺãȴͣɻЩ£ִ˵еĶˡ
˶˷֮һǳ˷ǰ볤һ࣬ȡһöŷĳһ
˵һҶ۵ıԵһ㵭ɫϼһָ˼£ָ޷͸еӴȭͷңҲûʲôЧǷõġ
˻ֻ÷΢΢һ漴գŵԼԽԽԶһԽԽСʯҲŷ˿˿ǵĵȥͬʱڴ֪ɣʲôӵġ


ڶ 


ڶʮ Σ
һƬһޱߵƽԭϣһߴɽ壡
˵ؾԶһ˳֣Щһ·ҲУΪҪȥ·תתʧЩ޷뿪˵ء
ֵɽ壬ԼԲǳΪ˽أʱһãҲͿڿഫʽԵˡ
Ҫߵɽ帽ᾪޱȣΪԶֻܿһɽ壬ڽȴǿԿһͬľ
ɽܣŴССĽΧӳһǽϣнΧ£ȥһСͳǳء
˵ֻһڣɽϸ߹һԶңӡŹͭɫ֡ڣ
ͨ˻û֪֣ΧݣһЩ߶İһЩٹ壬ҲЩӴ
ɽſڣżֵصӣû˵˶ǰȥɫȻվһ
৵һ
Զ߳һâڼƬ̺ɽϿպХһ󾢷磬·һġ
ǵâΪһҶۣɽڣ৵һʧ¶ʯ˵Ӱ
ǰһסһ۵߻ڵ
ǣϣʯ˷ۣһͨȥ
ϣ˷ɣҾȻȥˣҩ԰һҪȥģ΢Ц
Ҳã볤ȥæɣȥ︴ͺã˵껰뿪˵أ볤һҶۣתȥ

߹հƣһͨ㽨˰˷䣬ʮ꣬ȴǼ
䲻󣬲ңƽű죬ȥ˯ʱҪ˰˲˯£ľƽ̺ͱ죬տյ
ʯ˿ªɵüԭΪڶȻƣֺ룬˼ãԴ֮
û뵽˵뷲˾סĵطƺûʲô̫ģȻԼéݻǿϲٵġ
ҶˣҼ򵥵ĸǽһ¡˿ˣܹֱǡ󡯡󡯡󡯡Ԫ󡯡
ǰҶ˵ӦʲôһԪλϣԼһЩҪӵľȻпǿյģҲǸУ˲ɽ롣
ǲҪΪЩܸͿһ;Ҫ߲ſߵøԶЩ˼ԼߣΪ;
ſ飬ĽᱻΪŵӣƹһЩ֮£ʱΪչԺҲܱʽӡ
ʽӿר£רṩסһܹ׻Էסҿͨӣæס¡
Ȼ㹻ӣҲﹺһԼĸסɻǺܿŵģѧϰҲҪɵĹףԼһӻҲԻ
ǵĵȼסλӦֻڳסм߼ӣƽʱ߶ǼǵģԲõı۸
ôɣֻҪʱѧʲôѧʲôµĺһ䡣
΢΢˵ͷǰɣԽѧϰҲûãҪӶӦĻһѧ˵ɣʵѧʦţڸˡ
ǵĶܶһģҪзοо˭ǰéɽдں˵ЩˣЩˡ
ѧһѧԵʱʯ̾ϢԼȫͬ
ǱȳɼɼȻõõԴǱȼҵף˭ãӶ࣬ȻԻøƣֱѧ࣬ʺͷԴԸߵģҪǲúѧһ̭
ʦ֡ʱһߣڶߵ˼䣬漴ת뿪
˫Ŀ΢еһ˿ɻȺɨۣ漴ʯϣСӣҵ壡
ңʯЩɲ
Ȼĵ˵ͷ
֪ʲô£ʯľǱ˷ʲô˭ҲԼԼôȺ
ߣ㣬֪ʲô£ȥ˾֪ˣ߰ɣƺЩͷʯֻθȥЩĿʯ뿪

壬ɽһڣ
һŻۣòͨߣ֮ϣȻȥһͣϺоƺ˸ӳ˻ֻɫͬһɽȥǧ겻һ㡣
ˣڴϡԪ
·һ۵ϣƺʲôһṦ򣬴ſӰһʯ˽
ϣϣӽʯˣ˵ʯҲʺһ
ȥɣûˣİ˰֣ûһۣ߼æȥֻʣʯԼվоЩѹ֡
ʯʮ꣬ĸǿɱʣδΪҿ˵Ԫޱ˵Ҳϲŭ֡
شϣȷʵˣʯĻش
ûʲôҪģĪһ䡣
䣿ʯüͷ΢壺̫״ϵ˼
ŶȻ㲻ףǱֻ취ˣ˵ŻԪϵһ̧漴ʯңңһץ
ʯܿռһһξи׼ȷ˵ӦקסʯĲЩƺһ㣬ʯҪҲ޷ĿŴϣֻܲĵıĿ
ʯ㾿˭ʱкһ˵һʯһĻ


ڶʮ ̸
ʯգֻ˫ǿܹڶɫѾķϣ﷢ƺܿͽϢһ㣬ȴǴŨŨĲʡ
󣬴ϣѾʵ棬ţȥŻһʯѵĴӺ
ô鷳ϢҲһģ˵˵ɣ˭ģڣкξģԪϹź˪˿ûΪʯֵͣ˼
ʯ޷ͣ˵ٶ֤ݣҲöŷԼʶʼģ޷ϢʯоϢЩˣɱҲŹԼġ
ʯٽͣһЦдŨŨļ֮ɫ޼ɵĿŴϡ
ţ״ɻ󣬵ֳʯһ㣬漴ڵôͷҪ˵ʵˣ
ʯûлشʲôղŴϽסľ٣ʯڴڣЩ̰ĺţаȻˣԽԽᱻŪ󽫼ƾͼƣΪԼȡ˶ݵʱ䡣
Ƭ̺ʯָ˼һ˵׼˵ʵˣ
Ǻã˵˵ɣʲôˣһ䣬Ȼû˿飬һʼҲûпڹ
һˣʯɫһ˵ڶ˫ĿֱӴϣΪ仰ȷʵʵ
ʲô˼ʵ
ձǿˣȷǻԣʶڣڵڶʶŽʧ֮һĹ£ҲЩǲ첻֪ô˹ʯ˵һʵֻЩؼ֮û˵
ʲô֮£뵽ʲô˵ʲôһ䡣
һЩˣƺˣ˵һЩҲĻҶͷҲӴ˿ϣǰǰ޶ۡʯٵ˵
һɺԣɫٴһ壬ƺ׼֡
ʯϺ޾ɫڵû飬ѵΪǼٵģ֮治УѵΪǻɵļϸ
һߣû˵ʲô
ʯȻ¶ЦһȺţһڹɽ½Ԫִݺղʧԡ
˵յӣæǰԣгһտվǰڹɽûңһǵʧ
ôĿ֪ΪʲôţʧҲԼＸ½ԪִΪҪΪ㣿ɫƺһЩ
һԱף١ʯףʫ˵˳ͬʱ˿Ҫװ֪ǿӲƭϼһʱŪ˹ȥ
ԭˣ˼ĵ˵ͷڵʮǰ˶ȥŻ壬ʣΪʮǰûбѡϣ
ʮǰ飬ͲˣֻĸܹǵãʯЩĬƺЩѹ
ðɣʱ㣬ϣû˵ѲźãԺҪǷʲôͼɾͱǶ㶯ˡ˫Ŀһ˵Ϸһ˿ɱ⡣
Ϸģ֮ʯڵ
ˣȻȥɣİ˰֣漴ڿʯһۣʯǻڵ棬ɫһ˴һк漴תȥ
ֱ뿪֮ʯųĳ˿ѱ亹ʪ粻ֻܶҪʵãпܱ˲׵Ūһ£ʯĿǿ
ڷ棬ЩӾ棬ߵֻӵ㹻ʵȥʯ˫ȭɫصסȥ

ϾôпʲôĵطϷʵڿ͸ֻôԲ鿴һˣʯߺϲ״οѯһ䡣
Ԫüͷһ壺ûзʲôҿʱ˳һû磬һߡ
ҲûʲôΪıֻһ֧ߣöֽʧܵҽȥҽѧͽ֮ҩͯ
Ŷ˵Ҫؼҽһȷȥһҽһ·٣Ҳûз쳣ٶϿڵ
ǾӦòˣпʮǰ丸ĸûдżֻ߼ʱʲô⣬򵱳ܲĳѡеģֻЩ޷֤ϾĸѾˡ
ڹɽ˷ȷʵЩʧ㣬˼ȻԵ֮ߣֻҪкԺЩչģֻǿЩˣͯ޼ɣϹЦ
ϣ֮ǰ˵ģ᲻ģϺȻʲô
˵һ˫ꣿʶԪü˵еĶϷ򲻸Դǲǡ
˵֮ǰһ˿ִʵҵ˵ʶִӴʶͽǰϣγҵߵ֮Խգһ϶Ƚϸߵ
ߣҲûȷ˵˭꣬пܺ϶ΪһҲпܱռ壬뱻̻ꡯ˲̫һЩơ
˵ǷͨϣԽϾ϶ΪһҲޱȣǻļ񵽱ˣٺ٣
ǴǰǰأΪҪɱСӣһܾҪˡϲ⵽
ҲûдҪɱֻˣǻҪϸ۲һʱ䣬һʱôʲôɲ飬֮ǰ˵ĻҲֻǰ٣ҲΪϷΪˣٺ١
ȻǴ츳ҲҪ̫裬˶ɳ෴һЩ鷳ɳ˳ȻɣʲôѴֻҪвģ֣й۲ͺá˼˵
ãϷˣ¾ͽϷɣ淢вȻɫһĵ˵ͷ
ˣڷҽߴһЩӦѧᣬǰҼʣѾԴ¿ˣԺȥȡһöϷ򿴿к츳ܿ龳˵Żһ˿ڴ
ʯ֪˵Ľ̸ѻصס߰꼷С˵˵ЦЦЩʲôʯڷһǣŷ˫Ŀ΢е˼ʲô


ڶʮ߻ 
˵컹Ҫԣ֪ʲôݣ
ѵɽʯٺ٣ЩҿˣŲµĺЦЦ
ʯô찡һŮ˿ʯ˵һ䡣
ŶģЩˣʯû˼ģ˿ĥο׻հӹ
֮ǰȥˣ˰ɣҪˣԺչһ´ҰЦЦ
ʯЩԼЩʲôϵЩ˵ǻ룬ʯڣϵӰǳڷڡ
ʯһ£˵תȥδһۣеĽе¶֮ɫ
ǻҪһΰɣ⻹ܲúˣʯи̲ѣȴǲұ¶ޱĸ˳ȥ
һ·ʯҲҿڣ߹հƣſֵصӹʺһֻǵ˵ͷʯ
Смȣֱһյķţʯʲϣͨ˾סĵط
ϣһϣæشһк
ҦϿڣֱһ䡣
𻰣һʯһ򿪣һŨҩ㴫űһЦʯ˫ĿһУоЩϤ֮һڱ˾
ǵƳɹˣһۣĽ׳Ӱʯ˳
ǵҦûˣǵʲôѵλˣɻ
ٺ٣ǵǣ˽һƫҪǵϷ˷ϣչ£ƳɹˣҦϵһЦƺܺá
Ͽʲô飿ҦϿ˿ʯ
ŶûʲôΪȡһöЦЦ
Ҧüϣ˵ȻƣҲͿԸλӵģѵʲôϵ
ϵ˼ʼ硣
ԭˣҾͲˣһö˵ŻҦȡһֻɫƿϡ
ãǾͲҦˣǣ϶˿䣬Ǵʯ뿪˵أ󷵻ס
ֻϵİ£ʯһķ䣬Ȼ򵥣ʯȴ쳣ˡ
лϣʯڵ
ÿҽôãһЩӦöˣ˿ò˶ãͿԿ龳ʱ͸չ֮áɫһ
˼Ƭ̣ʯڣϣһ£ǵкôֵܸ𣿡
һ㶣漴ЦЦ˵̫ңԶˣƸ߽˵ģһòҲûȥƣǳɱ̫ˣԲ˼ҽΣûʹֵҩģô
Ŷλǵʰˣʯ¡
õˣʽˣһЩŹ棬Լӽǣзʳעſɣȹȫ֮󣬻ͳһסһӣ뿪˷䡣
ʯ㶵Ŀ뿪ıӰое㲻ţȺ󷴲̫֮ǰҪԼôָԼôԽĴ
ʵʯִ֪ĿɲֹԼȻһЩС߳ĺӣһȷʵִġ
һЩЩȨ֮ʵòʲôֱӱǿԷſȻҲǸһĴۣĴ
ʯ˫ĿĿԶЩɲٴǹҩ㣬ǵõһȥʱ򣬱ŵһʯоԼŪġ
Ȳ˵ǵкãϵ˵˵ǵһܹƳģֻһҽѣƳָ߼ҩѵҩǵͬʯЩɻ
˼Ƭ̣ʯ˦˦Դȡɫƿо˸ɫЩ
ɾǲһû뵽˼ĺĿô׾͵õˣڵϣӦһ칦ܴʦˣûϵԼҩ֮£Ҳߵ˾ͷ
Ͳͬˣ֪߿֮󣬻ʲôоٺ٣ò˶ãҲΪһˣһӣ
ʯСӣϸĿ˿ʳע漴ƿӴ򿪣һͷ­֮£ǽһ̶
ҩһڣǻһȫţǹһȦ֮󣬱ͷ­֮ϴȥ
ǹɹ̵ԺĴҴܣʯоͷ­Ҫըһʹѣͷ϶ĺ·£ɫףɪɪ
һʯæֿǹʹǹƬ̺ʹмᣬһģУԺ۶


ڶʮ˻ 龳
Сʱ䣬ʯԺ۳һģУоһģڻȴ˿ûʵʸУܸܵȴ޷ʲô
磬ͬһģУµĽܣѾǽ龳ˣʯһ߸ţǴŵЦݡ
˵һ
ʯ˵ʲôȻ䣬Ժģ΢΢һ漴ٵתٶԽԽ죬ԽԽ󣬷·Ҫĳֱһ㣬ʯһʹĥ֮С
ؽҧɫ԰ޱȣʯ΢΢Ժеʹһܹܵģͷ¶ĺ顣
ߣһƺߣʯƺʹ࣡
סһ鼱֮¼æճ龳ķʽתģ۶ȥڵõ䣬תٶԽӿ죬ʹȴûм˿
˯ʯͷԻǰڣ˼㣬ƺҲԳͷ­ըѰʹࡣ
ԺģлֱҹģкȻΪһƬδ֪ؿռ䣬ȻԺиоȭͷСȴһأ
ˢһ
ʯֲסҪʹȥ֮ʱֹͣתɢ͵İɫϼʯԺڳȹ
һƬʮɴСĿռ䣬ƯŻڴƬռţ棬ԶԶȥͬһƬϷнĵطտյûڣȥЩϡ
ʱһŻۣݣò㣬һ˫۵꣬վڴƬռĵϣľâ
ֻǴ˵ӰЩģƺʵ֮òʯһ޶
磿Ϊɫγ棬һɽͶ뵽֮УγͶӰڸٹ
ּ˵Ӧǽ龳û뵽ÿֱӽ𣬿ȹһʱֻ֮ҪõͿԽ׻ˣʯЩ˵
Ƭ̣ʯҡҡͷ֣ʵǰӦ龳ˣֻûпѣ˵龳Ҳ
ǰ֮ʯһɫЩܹÿһ١ÿһ鼡⡢ÿһϸ䶯ʯӵ
Щı仯ʯ˷ܵǣԼ˴洢ĵطظоǰֻܵʱ۵΢ȫΪɫ洢ڣ֮ǰۺ˽ʮʩչһСʯҲò̫ĸ
ӴˣƺҲǰʵˣӦߣŴƵϵȻٺ٣ʯЦЦ
ʯָо칦ܣҲ֮ʽֱ򻯵Ĳټ򻯣ѾʧȥԭеĹʣܲÿһŵ㣬پûʲôŴ֮Ƚϵġ
Ǿٴݱ䣬ŻͬԴʧƵϵȱʧû˿֮زŽ˵ʽ뻷вٹϵʯ˦˦ͷڿǴ¡
ⲻ֪Ѿ𣬾һһҹʱ䣬ʯҲǳȹ˾磬оˬҲǴá
˿ԶСӣһವһɵУʯ
ɵĹػ治٣Ȼֹͬ׵ӻҪֳ£߲ǲֵģһʵ˽Ӳ
ף֮¹Ȼʱɽֱ׻űɽ˵ǾͿɽˣʯ˵˵
ڷиоЩƣ˼Ƭ̣ʯһ漴뿪˷䣬¥ֵ֮صӿʯ΢΢һ㶡
²֮ͨѡʽӣſԸǷԼװס֮ɳ룡һֵصɫ䵭˵
л֪Ҫɽһˣ֪Ӧ˭˵һʯûԷ̬ȣէһЩȽϺá
ɽΪʲôˣûѡɽǹԹԻȥɣһֵصЦһ
ôúñչأʲôʱԶִ£׼ֽ˲ԡ
ϣҪɽһˣʯڵ
ɽף龳оâһ·֮ɫţһҹ֮龳ҲͰˡʯһҹ֮龳ʲôֵصӵ𾪡
֪ǷɽʯЦЦ
˼Ƭ̣ϺȻЦЦƺã˿ִ¿ڵȥ˲ԣ
ϳʯЦЦСӸɽ֮Ժ˵˵껰ϱǴʯ뿪˵أִֵصЩӡ


ڶʮŻ ˼
ʯվɽ½ǰЩ֪ϴԼ˵ҪʲôûԼȥʯǲٳһΣϲŰζ
ɰݵĵͷʲôϻʯüؾصվڽſڡ

ʲô龳ϵڣϵĻɫһ
ҲǺ𾪣֪СôôףڷҽЩǻۺҲô龳һЩ׹壬ӵдԴ˲šɻѡ
ѵһ˫ꣿһΣԪ˫ĿĿԶЩɲ˵
ʲôԷϿһ䡣
˼Ƭ̣ϻͷ˵ǰڽ٣ڿԣҪԵʵˡ
ϷǸ˵˵˽龳Ժ󣬸ձɽ׻ֻǡ
ϵ̫죿üͷһ塣
ҵǲŪʲô᲻Ǵ˿ʼڵ磿Ӧòܵģû˵˭ӵЩì
ϷǾòᣬҪļϸո¶ͷǣαһھͽ龳ע⣿ϲɵ
˵Է׼뷨ԲŽ龳ǣȻҲֻҵһ²⣬۲ɡɫء
˵ľһ䡣
˵ɣȱɽһžڱչҪǽ׻˵Ŭ
ڽ׻ܾһ˫Ĵڣ˵þҪǴˣĻ֮ǰ׾ͿǺһɺϣҴҲûֹˣԪ˼˵
ãȥţ˵껰뿪˳ϵʯȥЩɲ
ôģָһžɣʯа¼ɣȴǲ˿¶ɫĸ
Ҧϣһž΢Ц˵
ϿЦɣǴϣҲ˵˵ģ˵һ¡ʲôҦϿ˿ʯ漴ɫһ䡣
龳ôܣҦЩ𾪡
ٺ٣Ҫˣôܿڵģ˵껰Ҧֻصĵ˵ͷ
ˣһžȥɣҵ뿴ڡҦϻû˵꣬ϵݹȥһ񣬺߱ǲ
ǺǣҦϣǾȸˣϴһкʯصס
ʯɫȻĹϷţЩЩţϲɫվ
Сӣʲô龳׻ֻǲһŵҩˣһҪһŵҩ
ֻҪڽ׻ɻһЩصܷɹͿԼˣ΢ЦĹʣǺʯִ˵е
ʯЩŹֵвЩֹҦƺҪ˵ʲôϴϡ
ĵĸԼ˵һЩԼصԼЩףʯоϿʲôĿģϾʯСӣҲܶࡣ
ģӶȻȫʯϰڳһжı飬ɫ˵ȴЦ㵱ҾͲʯˣôЦĶЩŹ֣εôоʴף
ãгעž㣬㣬һȥĺϢ֪ʯС˼²Ӻƿεתȥ
ãʯæϷţڴϣ¶һ˿ЦǴЩŪңҿЩףһʲôĿġ
ٺ٣Ȼ֣ʲôʱչض㣬һ׻֮ɽҲ㣬Ժ˵ɣҿҪȻȥģʲôҲûİȫҪ˵껰ɫһ
ȡǰװĵɫƿ漴һֻƿһ¶һźͮͮĵҩСĽװ˵ɫƿڣ漴ƿ
ʯ˿ƿӣֳһĨ΢Ц漴µĲӣ鿴һЩϸڡ
պʯǰһ㶯ҲûУҲûҴţ˴һȵ磬һ˼÷ţǵĴʯ
֨һ
һʯɫЩ㲣ɫ̫ÿƺЩʧ֮⡣
ȻʧˣƺԤϵ̾Ϣһ˿װĿƿӣʯįӣο޷շ㻹еǻᡣ
ʯ̾Ϣĵ˵ͷаԼݼ
ϽŵĲʯڵʽƣеӷװƾÿȡ
סʱȥϣ㰲ŵģƾƣ¿ɽֵصǼһ¾Ϳԡ
ʯӹмлϣԺȻŬȡս׻
ӦһתȥʯЩ񼴱㲻׻½ԪҲһս֮漴򿪰ϵӷƣ׼ɽ


ʮ 

ʯ
ˣɽſڣֵصӿʯƣ̲һϢ֮󣬱ǵǼǷС
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ʯεǣҲ·ֻùһһЩһݵͼͼǲΧÿһ򶼱עķǳϸ֮һЩҲдԵĽܡ
û뵽ܲǺöֲߴôﵱңҲ֪оҪܷһɾͷˣʯȻúϰֺ
ؼҵ·ʯѼԺ񲻵Ŀ֮ӣʯԼļҲӵһֲ˼ĵزȻûдﵽĿҲܱͨȵġ
оҲӯ࣬ڵϼǶҲѴﵽЧʯ˵껰һ·Сܵ˳С·ɽ
պʯһƬڴУȻٶȺܿ죬ǿȥЩ׾ʯɲںʲôܿЩҾС
ƺЩˣʯͣһƨ˵ϴŴϢóһЩ˹˵ĺ˼ˮ
ȻѾҹ¹⣬ټԶ˵·ǲʲôʵʯҸεĵطС˯һᣬľ绹ûﵽԲԲȲ˯ģʯ˵߽ʿǿҲһֱš
Ӹо˲٣ֻЩղٶлҪѧѧУֻ˷ҲãһǿԶһģڱȵһǿϲ٣ʯ֪ĨĨ죬ϢƬ̺ٴԶȥ
·ѹ滮ãǻصŻһС·ԭһµ·̣С·ʮͿԸϵټʯϵıܣò϶ʮܷعŻ塣
Ȼߴ·ʯҲǱܿ˼Σյĵط˵м͵ɽҰ޴ڣõͼ϶бǡ
ʮպʯٵıһƬľڣӯȽֱָʩչṦһ㣬Ҳ֪ǰЩʱǿ˶١
ȻͷˮʯȻûͣ٣ÿζҪƣͣϢΪֻ޶ȵĶܡ
ʯһһνƣͣϢһ֮ȡһЩֺ˼ˮоֳ˻
ſңһŮӺȵԶ˹ʯɫһѭȥ漴¶ɻ֮ɫ
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㣬ңȡȣŮЩҶ϶塣
㺰ɣԽԽˣɽҰģ㺰ƺҲû㣬һװߡ
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ȡŮڵһţʯ΢΢
һŰۣòӢ꣬ȵĽ⿪Լ´֮˷аضŵϵŮ
ٺ٣𼱣ϾˣƺЩȲҲǱô±ǽ⿪漴ȥ
ŮЩ־壬ƺڳһ͵ȣڵŷĽȻת¶һͨ޵գ֮г֮⡣
ʲôҶС㣡飿ʯϤ֮󣬵һ£ֲǰЩϤ


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ʯڹľ֮һֻץľذףֻƽ죬һȭͷСɢâĻ򻺻۶
ʯδֱӳֹһ֮£һ󷭹漴ͷŶľذ׻Ƶĳ
Ǳŷһ򣬽ǾʯȽԶһ͵ϮԷҲȷʯλڡ
˿̣¶Цŵϵ˵ĽϢ䴭Ŵ˫ĿŹǰһˡ
ವһ
Ȼ䣬һľذԶľзɳֱԣʯĴ㣬һȻͨ˻Թȥʯû
ľذ׸Ҫӽ֮ʱƺоʲôɫ΢䣬δ̫ţһŤһͷ˳ſ˵棬ǰذ׼ͷƤ
Զʯ״˫ĿһУоͨˣԼҲԴﵽݵķӦ
ʲôˣһڵȻתذ׷ķ
꿴ʲôֻ粻ƣƺʲôٷ䲻˫ĿһУȻת֮µһವһһȭͷСĻ
һ죬Ľ
ɫ̼䱬Ѷڳһŵɫ꼤ȥޱȣֱ޷ֵ
۽һ¶ɫæס֣λѣȻ¶Ҳ޷Ҫˣ뿪ǣ飡
Ȼɫ˶٣˰գûټ겻һ亹Щ壬û뵽˿Ż֮󣬼æץϵ۴ãϵϣ
һ̣һ˿¶֮Цһ֮£һöɫУϾ֮ɫʧȡ֮һŭ
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ץŷ˿ذ׷ķֿ˿ķ򣬵ಣŻֱذλá
۵һľŻȼðŨŨḷֻ́˰죬Ҳû˳ɲô򵥰ѶԷ
ƻԶʯüû뵽ԷȻʱ䣬ȥ·ıԼսöƺ䲻СģӦС
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ʯоǴ˶֣ۻٶ̫ҹֶεһĻЩࡣ
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ʲôˣĸɵģɢޣüͷһ塣
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ţʯһٴλصһ֮󣬻Ľͭɫذֻ΢΢һͣǽһն˳ʯͷȥ
ʯ۽һ۳һŰƴСĻ֮£৵һŹͭɫذ׼ȥ
صһ죬һǱնɣ漴һҲƺʱɢӣʱǿֵסذס
ವһ
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귴죬ַޱȣ֮£ǰâһಣɫ׶αŻײȥǿֵסǿŵɫСȻһ˫˫ɢ
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ৣ
ͬһʱ䣬ŵɫСȺӲͬŰȥ߲۽һȴûʲô֮⣬Щ۵Ŀ˿öɫ


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ŻԶ֮ʱ䵥ץŷһף漴̧һ㣬۵һ죬öȻΪһŰɫâѶɫһףƺĲС
৵һ
ʯɲ֮ʣһâٶ֮죬ǻһĲӰǴŻڶ
죬СӦѶʯûģǵâͷʯŷ®ɽĿ
һѳƺһӰȥģģʵҲ֪ΪλȻܻ
ߣȻ͵Ϯԭ֮ǰԼĹ˷Ԭĳһö߽׽Ϊ˵Żʹ֮£ɫ⽣ʯһնȥ
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ֻǻ򻹲۶ɫ⽣ԽԽ۳ֵȻæʯоһֳ̧ǰľذһ㡣
ವһ
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עȫʯս֪ʱһС򣬷ӦΪʱѸٱܹһ٣˵³
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ǰɢһĨ΢ĹϼȻԵֵƬ̣һ㲻ͨϵۣâһʢճһ󶴣ǰһƬ֮ɫƤǱյƿ۵һ
صһ죡
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žʹǿֱ̧ǰһ㣬ɫ⽣΢΢һವһɫڶɫ滯ΪһŽѶɫ⽣ǵâֻʣ˳Сӣʯһնȥ
ƺ׼һ㣬ʯڻѿһɲȻҪʮݵķӦ
৵һ
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ðɻǣ֪ʯĹֶΪ˵һƺлֻһ֣ǣ侹ȻذףһҲûУ϶˶Ȼһɢޣϲûʲô
˿ʯûֶ︨ΣԼȻս֮ս֮ʵǰǰǿᣬٿ˿ʯǰС򣬰ûóȻ֡
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Ȼһû˿ɱĶڰУ۽һæͷһۣĵıûС
ߣòҪ㣡˵껰ͭɫ̽˵ؿڣת󼸸Ծ֮£ʧ˹ľС
״ʯ˿ƺЩ
ֻǣȷǼ黫ޱȣ䲢û뿪ĳ͵͵Ĺۿʯһǿ֮ĩɲôһֵĺûᡣ


ʮ 붷־
ȡšϣһţŤ˵Ϣ䷢ǵ
ʯվڸֻĿһ۱㲻ᣬ˷Ӧǿ죬ȻôɴߵˣǿϧеҪһʱƬ̡
˵Żʯ¶Цݣ漴˶ۣӰߣʯоϧƺڵǰеһ㣬ҡͷ̾Ϣһ
ʲôѵ˻к֣ӣƺһսʱڰİ۽һȻúһɲĴʲôطͻȻðһСǰµ顣
ףʲôڰĴ֮ʱæ俴ʯһгһʮŻɫֽţֻһμ䱻ڣȻԶټʯ̫죬껹ǿ˴š
˾Ȼʮŷǵͽ׷һͬʱĻڵ״̬ҲԵֵ
ֲô˵ҵı֮ǰҶսֻΪ˺ľҵͻȻ֣зɱҡ
˵սֹڴˣֻǵҷֲԳߣԲʾģƻϧңԬĳҲɵٺ٣黬ЦЦ
аԽҶǰߣϾ˭Ҳû´ôֽģǿ϶Ƿ˵ԷǷҽҲ̫ܣϾҽ龳ĴڣûȥҽڴҪʦǾ͸ˡ
صһ
꾪ɲ˼֮ʱʯǰǿС򣬺Ȼâһļ˰ǰľУһŨŨĺð
ѵˣãһһߵתӣˣٱκϣǱӣ
ǻ˷ôʲôҲûõʯŸܵø죬һṦ򣬳ʧ˴ƬľԷΧڡ
ʯһͷ˰ֻûеưˣΪԼԷҲ뿪һֱϸһһ
ãŷֽˣͨһʯ˵껰Ǳ˵ϣڴŴɫ԰ףйƤһ㣬ʵûˣȻҪ뿪
ʯæڤ룬һ߻ָһɢ˿ʹֹѪϧûֹѪʯĸоԺβ˵ķһҪһЩ˵ʲôʱõˡ
νףϾͬξһܺõӣЩԼҪ֮ǰ۳һЩС򣬿ˡ
ʯҲᵽԼ뻯кܴģԼĹֶԱȽϵһԷˮԷԷֶβ
ԺҪСЩˣ˽Էϸ£Ǿܵٹ£ԼһСʵڲֵãһлҪסԼΪԼǾʲôûˣʯ̾Ϣ
һ£ҲʯۣۣԼֵۣȻķ˸ı䣬ҲΪպܹǿ󣬵춨˼ʵĻ
Ȼʯﻹ죬ʯͬһӤŷУѰʺӦԼĵ·ıһЩϰߺ뷨
ʯ˼֮ʣֻһ棬һֳ࣬޾֮壬ʯ˵ڵأ䷴Ӧһ˫޵ĺ촽Ѿӡʯϡ
һŮ£ŮеĻ棬չ˴˵أ
һ߰סʯһ˺ԼҲ·¶Ƭѩ׵ļʯ۾ֱǻӿƺʱҪѪ
ﲻʱ˵ʯһȫ˼£Ů˻û
ʯһˣһСӣȻڼĿԼ˿Եʶͱ嶯ȡ
ɲһŮͶͱټ֮ʣ»κһҲԵֿ㲻ķʲôռ˵Ļ˭ҲŹġ
˺ϻɢ㡭ʯȻЩִЩƲʵĻ̧֮ϣһ󶴣ֻʣ¹⻬ϸļ
ָС񣬿飬ʯһ˿
Ȼ䣬ռ˱˵ʯɫһףŤһ
Ȼʶ䣬һֻץʯ˿ڴʯ۵һ죬æץס֣漴һǶԶ˿ڡ
һ紵ʯӴ˸£漴˻Դ֮лָƺѹ֪ΪΣʱ˿̺Ȼ
鿴ʯ㿪֮󣬱ٶ׷ֻ֮в֮ǰô룬һ˿΢ˣɫͨʯ


ʮĻ СŮ
Ƿ˶飬ʯ̾ϢһЩһ죬漴һ࣬һĺԡ
ߣһƺߣһʹ˻Թȥ˵ϡ
ʯѾѹʵЩ²ȥֳ֮ΣټӰǻصԺʯǴͷ
˰ɣҪҶ˱ˣɾûôˣʯ˿Ǽڽȹ漴򿪣Լ׾·ϡ
ĴƬ̣ʯƣ鱳һɽ֮Уؽ
ʯƣĶͷ֮ϣû˰Ĺʯһա
ӦúܰȫҩԱɢ˴뼸ްò˶þͿѹˣʯɫһ˵
˿˵գҩδĺΣʯ֮ǰһĻȻûķʲôҲ
รɣǣʯ˵껰ϵȥɲԼ
뿪ɽСգɫʯ·һСӣҲûȥסŴͷһŴ˫Ŀһ˯
Ҳ֪˯˶ãԺУʯһЩҵĽŲԼ˽ʯ˫Ŀһ컹ûԼ俴ԶģӰŴͷȥһ˻Ÿڴ
ţôɺòãһ֪ˣҪץȥεģϾǻһŮްһӰǵ˵
ɶӣȻŴ󵨣ҪһӰں˵
һɽŴ¿ŵĴӣ˿һƬֿʼڿӣһṦ򣬱ǽӽ׼
صȫ˭Ҳ֪˭·أٺ٣Ŵ˵ŻӰЩӣ俴һأЩ
˿¹ʣ˵ز֪ʱ˻źХķ֦Ħɳɳ죬ƺЩ졣
˵Ӱ¹Ŷ˵ĶڵŤ䶯ѣ۵к괭
ӰһУȻԼȥȻƮ˳漴ɢڿӱߵ档
ŴƺЩа׼ٴڴ˿̣һĻţԶƮӸҹɫ֮УԵ˴졣
Сй
𣡡
ӰѽһȾܣŴ󵨼ǵٴ󣬴˿ҲͷðҲĻͷܡ
ʱûӰһӰֶ˿ʧĵط¶΢Ц
ߣԸ߲УԸͨ˻Ǻ׵ģȻСŮǸʯһСŮ类ʲô壬ڵʿǼӣֱ֮ǰҪɺޡ
ʯû֣ǰи鿴˰죬ȷ˶֮Žߣνһҧʮ¾
һҹϢʯҲָ߰˰ˣһ֮£ڵĸзɳʯŽĿڴŪʱԼ޷̫ء
ӱ߽һק˳±ǽڽ⿪ȻһСŮһײʯһѽ䱧˿ڴ
СŮͲҲӣһ˵·ȻģǿԿͦɰ˾Ǹӡ
СŮԴƺЩ⣬ٷӦȽϳٶۣԼллҲûУȻʯЩ
֮ǰ־жûУҲûзֿ޹ĺۼʯоСŮͷ⣬Աӵ
ϧˣʯΪһллΪСŮҵԼ־еϧ
㼸ˣ֪֪ȥ£Ҳǻˣʯ¶һΪЦݣֻǲ֪ڱʲôӡ
ɵˣ仰Ҳ˵ʯЩɻ󣺡ܲ˵
СŮ˿ԶǿС漴һʯƽĵߣ
ʲôʯ˫ĿһУһֱСŮڣһ仰⣬ʵʯЩӦѵСŮĸĺӣСߣ
ʯһԶ۵һɢ漴˵ͷĸɸ߽׵ĺӣĸĺˣǰߣ
ʯȻ֣СŮͷƺû⣬Ҫ˵еɵǿҲԼ̫ˡ
ҲܹԼ˭ϵôӣһСŮô侲򵥣ԼԺҪǲټӵ֮ģͿҪ첻ȥˡ
ʯ˼֮䣬СŮִʯϣʼʯûзָֻ֪һӴԺбǺһ綼΢΢һһڣ˳ֱ۱СŮնȥ


ʮ Ѫ
ʯշСŮ֮ʱԼҲֻת˲ţƺСŮһ壬Ʊͬǯһ㣬οסʯȫľ
һṦʯһƺߣɫ԰ףһĵ˵ϣӳ˺ָûˣ䲻¶һ˿ĿСŮ˿ʯѽ䵱Ϲ
ʲô֣СŮջС֡
ʯʯʵʵĻشһ䡣
Ϊγ־ңôЩ˵ģаٻҾҪСŮʢ˵ʵ
úã˵ʯһ顣
ЩŤһСŮöڵ棬ʮ굹ز𣬷СŮʵĹؾء
õģˣƺʯĿ־壬СŮɫƽ˵˿ԼһʴȹСŮ۵Ӳüͷһ塣
㡭ҿûк˼ɲɱңʯ˵
ߣ龳ȻôۺҲǸ̥û뵽ɵӣ־ˣ˷Ҫңʦ㡭˵СŮһ⣡
ˣ˵һΣеõı۾͸ˣҲ֮ãСŮ˵Żֻ۵Сһӣһöָ΢΢һ
৵һ
ʯֻǰâһһɫۣһֻѪɫƿСŮǰʯȴûз֣Ʒγֵģ·ƾðһ㡣
СŮһѪɫƿҲ֪װʲôҩƿǺǽҩ˽ȥ漴ƿ˸
ţСŮɢһ͵Ĺâ̧Сʯһ㣬ߵûָһЩǿվѡ
һ·ѣʯСŮƺûʲô⣬лԼóһ·Լһʵô
ߣСŮ¶񣬷۵Сһӣಣʯ־ŵâһ漴ΪŸɢŵɫЩ͸ա
ʯΪСŮҪԼ֣Ӧö΢΢һ۵һ֮ϡ
ֻɫۺȻɢһ͵ĹϼȻס˾ö룬ʯﲻѣСŮһ֮£ö뻹ڰ֮ϴ͸
ɫǾöףʯ𾪵ĿУָ̼
ֻǱеЧ߶Եֵǰȵķ룬ȻҲûȥȫ߶ĽСŮ˵һ䡣
Ǳʯ۾ûзǰɫ֮ϣǽǾö룬ôʵ·ܴ͸ɵӶóֵߣʯһֱϲΪСԸߣٶֿ죬ֱ͵Ϯ
㿴ѪˣҲգһ͸㣡СŮں˵
棿ʯСŮڣæһ䡣
ߣͽױ۶ȥȥɣ˵ӦǲСջˣԣ֮һʹСŮȻͯͯϳɵ˵
ãһʹʯظоǾöǷҲ𣬶Ǽ۾Ͳ֪ʲôˣ伱æС
ۿעıɫСѪо綾ֻҪѪƤѪҺ̶Сĵ㣬΢ޣ⶯ãҿٸȡһŽⶾСĵ㼴ɣˣˣСŮİ˰֡
лʯ˵ŻæתȥһṦûӰ
СŮʯıӰĬãû뵽ĵɵӣҳ־ˣֻǾ̫ˡ
Ҳ˵壬һûУ޷ԪռָѪԪȡЩͨ˵ˣ˵꣬СŮ¶һ˿ŭ⡣

ʯ֪СŮֹʲôҲ֪֮ԺãȴǶСŮһ˿棬֪ʲôĴС
պʯһƬС֣ڱԵϢһҲڻָ߰˰ˣʯֵǣԼ˿ھȻҲȬ仳СŮĹϵ
һȣҼֱͨĲͨˣʯҡҡͷԭΪԼǸˣСŮŷ֣Լļʶʵ̫ǳˡ
һ·̵ңʯǲ̫ż򿪣ʯ۾Źóױۣ漴ԼѾصĵӵһ۴ϡ
ٺ٣СУֻɫʯü䲢ǺϲɫɫҲ࣬ܲۻϴ
һ֮£ɫ۹ϼһ漴ǻΪ˻ɫȥ֮ǰŵ·ûʲôʯЦЦ
Ǳ°ٺ٣ѪȽʵһЩ˵ŻʯȡǾö룬һ֮£ವһö뻯ΪһâһС϶
ȻıʯЩ˷漴վΣһϰŲٿѪ룬һŹŻȥ


ʮ 鷳
ªéڣС룬ȥЩ޾ɣûм׵ϡֻ࣬ӿȥЩ㲣ƺһЩ
һṦС룬ǰ廨룬ƺ׼ʲôԺĽŲ
ѵǰ¶ϲɫæ´˳ȥ
㣬˵ֲҪ鷳ǿɣʱܽԺӣЩ˵
˲ʯЩʧ䣺㣿㣿˼ǹٲǶ㲻Ҳǲ˵ˣô죿
ֲ첻֪ô£鷳ôһƲݣܲɱ˷ǽ鷳֪ʱĿڣȻƺΪ㡣
ϣСӣҳԣɲ˵ҾͰץΣʱһʮ꣬۷߽Ժӡ
ٺ٣ֲ죬ˣղС˵棡Ӧǿ죬̻һƤЦı顣
⻹࣬û£ǹǷɷӵҽȥѣûҾ뿪ˣ˵껰˵ߵһҷ
彣֮ľһҴ̣Ӵ齳˴ССĿҳһЦȴ¶һ˿ŭ⡣
һ֮ͨ󣬽Ū˸׳죬ʱСġĽԺˮ飬ľˮȫһء
ֲ죬ǲеˣһˮﲻʲôҽļҵûԺʲôװˮͲסЩ΢ŭ˵һ䡣
һţ߷ɵԶֲһξ͸һѵ´οɾûôˣ򡭡
Σʱʯ˽˿Ժüͷһ壺㣬ô£
ˣʯһ㶣漴˵ܵʯǰƺʯ֮̾һְȫС
ġڣһվľżһ飬˵ʵĲ죬鷳
ŶȻҼˮ׶һˣǲǻ·ˣʯ˿ֲ죬ɫ΢ŭ˵
СӣëãҪֻ֣ܹ˲õˣߣһģʺںʼ磬ëͷСӣԼΪۣûݣҲܾʲô
վסʯҪߣȻһ䡣
ôҳԸ㷹ɣʲͷ˵
ҼҶٶ⳥Ҿ͵ûĻʯһ٣˫ĿĿ˿ʡ
״һ㶣漴ЦǲԴвҲøһɫ
˵Żʼ֮ʯǰ漴̧صһʯϣҪ֪˵һţһһЩӵۣĪ˵ʮ꣬һͨҲԳܡ
ŵøûҶһ¶֮ɫҪʯסʯֱֻһ죬ǽ
ŵŵţ
ʯһĵ˺üҲǺ˺ü۽΢΢һоԼϵĲһˣһľͷӲ
㣬ʾɲһ䡣
Ǹ⳥ʯߵûІʲô
ʯʵʯ˿̵ƣ
ߣΣ㻹ҺԲɣǱ참ѲɷôãѰҵɷɣ¶Цݡ
Ըˣ˵˷Ѵ࣡ʯ䣬αһԾż˹ȥ
ߣ㾹ҺҶ֣кâһ붼İγ彣漴ʯһ̳
һãٲɱЩƶգҸھͿ£һУæ˹ȥ
ʱǰѽȻ΢΢һ٣ƺһε˰գɫһ䣬ƺĪֳֳǰ̳һξ롣
ֻ˻Ķͨ˶ܿοʯһԣȭһգصһǺݺݵĺ˼ʵؿڡ
°ͣ
һѵ˳ڳÿһ˵ĶУ۵һɫһ죬һѪŵŵŵ˺üͨһ˵棬ϴŨŨľ֮ɫ
㣬ߣǵѪоޱȵĿʯ
ף㾹Ȼ֪ߣ͸֪ǹٲɱҲҲ֣ٸһᣬ⳥Ǹʯ˫ĿųһĿ⣬ƺɱ⡣
һ£˿ߵĻ˵ֻһССۣߵ飬ٻ֪һЩġ
ԲʯӣС㣬ӣǼ飬ﵷ鷳һԸ⳥ʯӸ̧֣ŹСһ˵Ż˲ǵѪ
ҲгһչٲԼǰϴ˿ʯĿ⣬ҲЩͬˡ
˵˭ָʹģаٻҾҪСʯ˫Ŀ΢е˵


ʮ߻ 
˵˵ιӣָʹģǰԸû¾ɧǣ˵㣬ҲǱΣʯӷңʹġ
Σҿ˺ôɣʯߵ⳥óԹˣԺҪټ㣡
ǣæͷл漴˷ۣóһֻǮ濴ȥӣһѾͱ˹ȥ
ϣüִˣóôӣ̫ϴˣƤЦ˵
ʯûпڣ۽һؿһѣóһʮƱʵЩ𻵵ĶһҲһӣֻ£òͷ
ʯûһۡ
΢ЦصУӣ׳ŵһŽ߳ԺӣȴǻĺܣûнȥʯĶ硣
ڣʯ쳣ˣʯǰʱüһᡣ
㣬˵ڼҲýʡôԸ׷ͷҲãԼŪЩСˣΪʲôҪϡࣿʯЩ˵˵
ЦЦ˵㶼ϰˣԼҲЩԵģ෽㡣
ʯ̾Ϣһ֪ܲΪ˽ʡǴ˼ҳӹϰˣҲڼԼϰߣȻʹûǮ
㣬ôˣǲЩ컹б£ʯоƺ£ԼΪڵĵӣֻҪ漰ߣһ㻹ܹġ
㣬·ȥ˱˼𣿡һĪĻ
ʯͷһ·糾˵ĸϻ㣬ʱȥ˼ң
·˭㻻ϴģôɾŮˣһЩ˲עϸڿǷǳϸĵġ
ף⵹ǡʯȻ֣Լ·ȻɸɾʵĽӡû
ѵ·бܳЧʯ˵껰ۣڷһϵĻҳøɸɾڿʯۣһȾ
⡭ʲô·ɴ۾Щš
ɷ·ƺͨ˵·һˣҵһʱͻģʯû˵·ϵ飬ġ
ŰĻ㻹ûԷɣȥ˵ŻתȥһṦ򣬰˽ϡ
ʯ˰һۣЦЦʱ㲻æʮƱ£ʣȥɡ
лϴûҾˣҲûʲôһЦǮʯ΢΢һ㶡
һԸɣ˶ãҺ㶼Ҫ뿪ˣʯɫһ˵
ϴҪߣЩһ䣬ʯǽ˴ȻЩᣬףһ
˳Թȥʯ
㣬棬ȷʵе㲻ģԣһɣʯ׼˷صɺȻᰲŵסҲסͨӡ
ֻΨһеΪѵǣҲ龳ѵ㲻ǷʣҪпУʯʹϣ˵ɲⷢš
ɿͨ˽𣿡Щɻ
龳Ϳԣ㣬֮ʲôҲҪר
һܸӦҾͻ취ŪһſȻ龳֮ҲʱҾͿԽˣʯ΢΢һЦ˵
⡭ƺЩΪѣΪԼǱԹûԵģʯڴǼᶨĵ˵ͷ
ãһŬģɫ֣ص˵
Ǻã֮㣬һȥͿʼŴڤɣԺȥһˣЩҪģʯһӣɷ֮
ãھȥҲ֪󲻵ãŲӱ뿪˷䣬ʯ˼Ƭ̣뿪˼ȥ

ڼĿ񣬺Ȼſ˫Ŀʯâ漴µЦЦ
ʯˣôһл˳ɣ豭Ʒһڡ
ʯ棬ͷã˳ˣΪʽӣʱҪлչˣ֪θл
ǺǣСлֱ˵תĨǣ²豭Це˵
ǺãȻ˵ˣֱˣ֣һöʯɫһ˵
˫ĿһУΪϷֵҩ𣿡
ʯһ¶ЦݣƳǵĸ֣һƳģ˵ʯδ䣬ʱͫһ


ʮ˻ 
㾹Ȼ֪ǵɫ˵Ͽκα顣
ɼһΣصɺ󣬻˵ϵõģѾõ˾ֻҪԸ⣬ʱԳʯɫһ˵
ŶɶӣȻۣˮֵǹ룬ҲӦ÷˰ɣûлش𣬶Ƿһ䡣
ʯۣ¶ŵľö룬һöķ밵ھȻµϡ棬ȻֻǶ˱ֵӦڵͽ鱦֮ϵġ
˱˼ֵʯЩ˷ܵʵ
Ȼöòϣڸ鱦֮ϵģַֻЩֲڣСӻԵˣ˼˵
ˣʵǡʯŮĴžһ飬Ȼͬʱ˵ͷ
ԭˣǺǣ¸õõĺôֻǸ㺦֮ĲУ֮Ĳޡ
˿ԣҪܷԸˣҪȵǷֵȥȣҪ۲ۺأſԳֵģԺЩçײߵĸԶһ漴
лѣǣһΪ˵ŪĿӦòʲô⣬ϾϣҿԽΨһһԼʯڵ
˼ãЦЦ˵Ϸ򲻻ƿ
ʯɫһ˵ٴοڵϷõһԽһҪ͸ɣ
ʯϲɫһղʯٶʣǼң漴ҩ԰ңһŨҩ
⿪õģϷûаϵַҵǿԸָһŵ׸ʯһžʯǽӹ鿴
ỨݡҶ㡭ʯ˿صĲϣԼƵҩÿһ̣Ȼûбעҩƣʯ֪϶ǿˡ
ʯ΢΢һԼϲȻ򵥣֮ǰԼûɣƽ޹ʵõ龳ɷ׷鵽ϡ
ƺʲô鷳ϾҽƳҲûиԼƣ鷳
ԼɣټϻΪ˵öԼһаϵõģ˵еõԼƵģκҲỳʲô
ҩ԰УûмţҪƣңûҲ޷鵤Ʒͨ鵤ûʲô⣡һ䡣
ĬƬ̣ʯڵҿɷҪ鷳տһ㣡
û⣬ʱ䣬۳ɰҲӦóˣպ㣡˵껰ϰţ漴뿪ңֻʯԼ
ͷƺһֱҺܷģ֪ʲôԭ򣡡ʯ˼˵漴תҩ԰мһյء
ٺ٣ҩŨƶڳҲЩôʯϥ漴˫Ŀһգڤȶ
Сպ󣬽ӽ
ʯڻƬռ䣬ѾŨһ㣬ʱʯȻ˫Ŀһȡһöɫƿ漴ǽľ˽ȥ
һ
һʶĸоһȫţԺмٴȥ磬ǻʱ
ƺһ㣬ڵƬƬʧΪˮȾʪ˵棬ȥͬճҺһ㡣
ƺʹ࣬ԽԽңʯɫҲǲ԰ͷϲ飬ʯҧš
һʱڴ󲿷Ϊ¶ˮճҺ壬һεεڰգеĵ·ԭʪĵ棬˿ѾһƬˮƺһСӡ
˿̵ʯͷ­֮ϣȻɢڰɫƺڳһܵĸ£ɫһһףŤ˫ȭסЩ
°͸°ͣһʯڣƺڷĳֱ仯ÿһʯƺһʹࡣ
ʱ仺ţֱҹ٣ҩ԰Ȼž쳣
Ҳ֪˶ãǻΪҺ壬䵽棬۳һƬ󺣣֮Уܻһ½ء
һ³ʯ˫ۣ
γɵתΪΪҺ״ǳɹ׻ˣʯɫ԰׵ЦЦ΢΢һڴһ°͸°͵Ĺ֮
ףȻܶ˴ĸı䣡ʯ˫ȭоڳһȵ뱬޲ϳȥһȦ
ΪҺ֮Ȼ龳˲٣ۺֲ࣬ϴǰʵ˿ֲսԻ᲻ͬˣʯ΢΢һЦ˵˿ǰһҩģԺٴðһͷ


ʮŻ 컯¶
ҩģ˶ᣬôͨİ취˷ʱˣִƼİ취֮˿ϧϴֲӪԪϣʧˡ
ôûĽ𴴻պÿһһųɹģҲʯһ˵
Ƭ̣ʯ˫ĿһգŸؼԪأסأƽʱֲȡӪԪأһ۶ȥΪ⣬һֻƬĽ𴴻նȥ𴴻ɫûϴһ̿ή
ɹˣٺ٣»ʯЩ˷
̼⡢ͭʮֲӪԪأȻƽʱˮܹȡȫЧ᲻ãʯ˵Żٴα˫Ŀ
һṦʯڵϷ֪ʶֲӪԪȫ󻺻ۣ֮ǰֻǵ⣬˷ȴǻΪһεɫҺ壬ǿŽ𴴻֮ϡ
৵һ
ֻ𴴻˸һ΢âţʯ𾪵ĿУۿɼٶȣ˵Ƭꡣ
⡭ʯЩסȻ²⵽ЩЧȴûԤϵЧԣգۼǴﵽҩԡ
Ž𴴻ҲﵽҩˣټⴿɫȻϣֱý𴴻٣ٺ٣ֲԼ̫ˣԺҪһЩϡʯ˼˵Ͼڵϣѧ϶дĹЧȻϣЧ϶Ծ
ʱʯǳֲӪԪأֵɫҺ壬ڽ𴴻֮ϣ磬𴴻˵Ƭ꣡
ҩԣٺ٣ֵ֪Ǯʯһֻ֮ǣ¾ܱκ֪ĵʯǶġ
Ҫи֣ҲǶؼ컯ͽ컯¶ʯЩ˷ܵ˵
Ƭ̣Щ۵ĽŽ𴴻ٵⱻʲô漴µıĿżٿѪҩ԰ϰ׼ȣģʯѪ뽨һ˿΢ϵߡ
һ磬Լ
Ȼ׻ˣǾ׼ƵҩɣҩޣСһЩÿһҩĶгɱ
ɹ㶼Ҫһ۵ģÿҩıϵļ۸񣬼һӰɣ¶ϷʵЦ⣬ƺʯײûʲô֮ɫ
ûٹȻһףģһϵģʱʯɲּۻֻۣܵͷˣ漴յأժһЩҩ
˵ͷ鵤ַƷͬ鵤עõҩȡؼ֮ʱҪջ򣬻ҪעĶ٣ûﵽȲǿܹƿҡ
˼ؼĵطʯϸϣʯ˫ĿһգԺ˼ΣſʼƵҩ
۵һ
һ֮£¯ȼһ棬ɫ¯ƯʯĽһſҩĶ붦ڣÿһǰҪʯ˿⡣
ʮҩ¯ʯһŶ͸ȥע뵽ҩ֮ڣؼŶ
һԵ˵ͷʯԼԵǳȣֻʼǷȱһЩʵҪǰһЩѧʯеȡ
ֻûҩĸʯӻϰҪһʦһ츳һۺԴû㹻Դ֧ţٸߵ츳Ҳû
Щҵ˺󱲣Ȼһ㣬ۺȴǿҩģͺСʱʼкˣӲòѳһˮƽʦ
ɢޣһЩͨӣȲһЩеĺˣĳ̶ֳ˵֧֣츳ҪҪԸ߽ʦٳ֡
أһ죡
ɫ¯΢΢һţһŨܵĺðҴһִ̱ǽζʯһ¡
ը¯鵤е£Ϸ֮ǰ˵ʧܣһ۳裬鵤ʧܣ¯ϣһȾͻը¯ҩΪҽ˵ʯǵ˵ͷ
̧һ㣬ɫ¯һת֮£ĵҩȫʶ¯ٴθɸɾʯǼһʧܵľ飬˷ʯǱΣգһЩ顣
΢΢˵ͷʱָ㼸䣬һҲ׿ڣûãصһ죬һը¯֮
ˣ⼸ؼϸڣҶѾˣҪԼ۾ˣҩޣΪ֮ɣҵĻǽǣʱԼͺã˵Ż뿪ң漴Ż
ʯ˿Եļҩٿ˿ҩ԰Щûгҩ¶һ˿ЦݣƬ̣˿


ʮ ķŭ
ºüͷһľϣϴ˼֮ɫ
СôûûǼųҩọ̈̄ˣҲôɣۺ룬ЩףʯҩԺӸˡ
׼ȥʱ򣬺һʯһ΢Ц˳ֻ֮ʱЩ㣬ƺʲôһ
Сôôã׳ɹûУɻһ䡣
ңǳɹƳţʯ΢΢һЦ
ʲôţôųĽỨƳţ˿츳Ǵﵽϵȣоâ˸Ŀʯ
ȿȡʯɿεʹЩûĽỨַоûʲôſʼƵġ
ʲộٽỨַȷ᲻Ҳ޷Ƴҩǻ˷ѣӵ۵˵
𼤶ƳţһţӦõֹЩδҩˣҩҲܻ٣ʣµȻỹģʯ˵Ż׳һֻСƿһѽ˹ȥ
⻹࣬ٺ٣˿ƿеҩװ׵õһſƺ黺һЩ
ûؼˣȻȥʱٹ㣡ʯ˵ŻǴҴææ뿪˴˵ء
Сӣôʲô˿еСƿɵ΢΢һЦС֮Ҳһ¡
Ƭ̣Щĵңҩ԰һ۾ʱ͵ɵùԲʹţ۽һƿҩģûгҩģҲһŲʣʯ˸һɶ
Сӣֲô죬ҵšܻŭһЩ۵Ŀ˿ҩ԰ڿյĵطﲻͣʲô۾·

ͷأٺ٣𣬸ȥʯ˳ŻؼҵĽֵһ·Сܣ˷ܲѡ
ʵЩҩƿʯֻƳɹһöʼ˵ıʯֻµȡ
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ٺ٣ֻҪܸӦͿſˣʯи˲ѣܻ˼ҡ
һԺӣʯֶһڴˮףӦģպþÿڿʣʯ֮ˮȥ
۵һ죡
ߵˮ׸һСˮ׺׵ļʯȻ㣬ǱС˺󱳼ϣպ˵ļ۵ʯһ죬һĵǰ˼漴סΡ
û뵽ԼļҶڰȫһûУʯоԼĹʵҪϸıһЩˣɲ˲ŻΣգҪ
˭ʯɫĿ˿ܣǿСҵʯ֮۵һɢһֻǰâһǰȻ
ʯңһСȻԼ㲲֮£ǴͨȻᱻˣˮֵıۡ
£㾹Ȼз£ҽ׻ɶûзŷ£ʱé֮Ӱһλ߳
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ʯˣɵüͷһ壬ϴλ˶ʵңԼȻ˻лһҲûͨС򶼲ʩչ
ԷһԼ϶ҪԿϴ½Ԫչֵʵһ㣬Ǹս׵Եʣ˳ʱȥ½Ԫʵ϶ǰҪǿ˲١
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ԣ½Ԫ˫Ŀһһֱûֵԭ򣬾Ϊʯĵϸ˼ʯѣֻһɢޣǵǲСµģҲûΪͷ
ʯҲ÷ϻǰһ漴ͳһƣгŶ˻˻ΣŰƴСɫӡšɫ塣
ڹɽλѣӦ֪ʶɣʯһȵı飬ЦЦ
⡭ԭڵĵӣǲɱ㣡һ㶣漴¶һЦݣʯЩɻ
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ϴĳ㶯Щ³çս׻㾫ͨʦܶ׻жʱգȡϰзϴ½ĳ˿ұ֤㣡½Ԫ˵껰¶Ϸ֮ɫ


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ʯ˫ĿһУӷԷٶȣҪȻԿ˲١
۵һ죬СһΣĽ֮΢΢СһȦǵƺһ㣬ɢ
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˻Ȼ½Ԫɫһһ֮£ವһһֱɫԲֶ
صһ
СײɫԲ֮ʱϹϼһɫɢɫԲǰȻ
ʯ˫ĿһС
ô㲻ôóʹˣμЦЦȻԼûǵʯҲͬûС
ʯ̾ϢһԼߣͱǰٵˣȻЩϧѪ룬ߵǼпˡ
ˢһ£
ʯ˵һһ̴ľذ׼ʯһնȥ
뿪Աңҹҵ˹Ȼ㣡ʯһ̴ľذףɫһ˵æʩչһСֵεߡ
ٺ٣ҿεֵ½ԪЦһ漴һߣɫԲһģ֮£ʯ
ߣһߣʯСֿεߣ˿ʩչһಣŵɫһ
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ǡʱȻԺ˽һֻӣװһЩˣм
һԵּۿ죬һڵǰһץסĸ첲¶Ц⡣
ٺ٣ʯ֪ǵɱһˣſǲܵģʦֵȻɱ㣬ɱδ޿ûʲôõĵģ˵ŻһĿ˿½Ԫ΢Цĵ˵ͷ
㲻Ҫʯ˫Ŀһ֣˵ʵڼĽɱˣ˭Ҳûа취ƲΡ
ķ½ңʦܣȥƤ֮࣬δҲȥһ½Ԫ˻ɱһͨƺ޹˼ɡ
Ҫҡӳһħơ
ܣٺ٣ôƯֱϧˣһֻֽӴ򷭣һѿ漴ֳ˹ȥ
ʯ鼱֮һһöֻâһವһε϶һѪ˿˳ʶֻѪǺɫġ
ƺ̾ʹæɿֻֽץԼɪɪ½Ԫɫһ
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ȿȡʱο漴۵һ£ȻһźѪ촽ϣɫڣдһ֮ɫһԵ˵ϡ
ȣʦ֡ң롭СдŲ뾪壬϶˵СеЩ
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ʯҲǰһãǵõŮԸо綾ƤԷͽѪҺ̶ֻǰζ֣鼱֮ʯûж룬ʩչֻ÷빥Σֻµƺûʲôصˡ
ʯȴЩ֣ڵɱ˶ûмΪԼɱ֮󣬲û̫Ļֻ֣̿ǵº鷳
Ȼһ㲻Ҳǲܵģʯɱ˻һˣﻹЩԽܵģʯ˫죬Щ̡
Ҷ㣬๼ߣʯȵԼ׳׳ӡ
ߣʯɱʦܣ㲻ǻҲƲã½ԪЩָʯƺڸԼ׳
ǴʯĳУֻɱѵɱңҾͲû˵ĵطʯȻ̫׻ʲôƲãŵûˡ
ɲ׷ʦҲŹ㣬㣬ˣ½Ԫ˵źݻȻʯһ˿ɫ붼ĿɫԲʯһҶȥ漴תܣ


ʮ һ
ʯôǵһμɱˣһԼɱЩ˿ȫûϢΣʯ۽һ̾˷˻ˣԺȻ鷳ϣ
ʱɫԲһʯæٿظİ˸ֵȥƳһ½ԪӵΣʯһһɫ
ɱһɱûʲô𣬷Ѿ鷳նݳⱻصͨ籨ţʯɱһһ֮£ɱεöԶ΢΢һವһ½Ԫ󱳼ȥ
½ԪѱŵʧǣƺӦʲôæתһಣһСֻ΢΢һ٣һǼһö͸봩͸½ԪӦҶͷðһɫѪ˿Զһöɫ룬һѪմȾ
ƷȻֲ½Ԫ³֣һԵ˵ϣβɫڣв֮ɫ
ʯֳƵʵûа취ס棬ǲû׼СԿͬף϶Ƕ֣һԷץסԵһã޷ʰľ档
㣬Ȼطʯܵţһк֮󣬼æܵԺ⣬ˣһѽ½Ԫĸ첲ץסԺק˽ȥֱЩ
Ū
ʯȵĿУȻε壬Щųק˹ȥʯʱ룬˲һṦ򣬱ǽʬק˳
㣬㲻𣿡ʯ˲ͷ亹
ǿʱ򣬼˱ڶ࣬ڻҪѪȣûʲôµģǰһ˿
ɱġʯɫص˵
ҲҪ̫࣬ǱͲʲôˣˣҲΪ˾ңҪиҪӦ룬δʬ壬˷֣һ鷳򶨡
ʯȻ֣ԼӡһȻһ棬˳侲ֱԼǿҲ֪ǻԭ򣬻ǸԸԭ
ܲ˰ɣʯüͷһ壬һɾͲðˡ
˵ϯӰǸסȵ취̧⣬һû˵ĵطȥԺûѪƷҪʲô֤ݡ֣ص
⡭ðɣʯȻ̫רҵˣȻ뵽˻֤ݣһʯʶʵԼ˽ϸĳȵĵطʯ֮ϡ
ʯԺ⣬ȷʵµǿںѪʯæڸק˵ĺۼ󿴼ε̴ľذףԼ½ԪɫԲͬԼķ룬ʯһ
һ֮ʯȻûֶ˵ʬ壬㺹졣
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ʦ壿ѵɻʲôʯȻ½Ԫ˵ɲ׷ǸνʦҲŹԼ
ô˰̫ˣǽʬ崦ɾ˾ͺãʯЩ˵İοһ䡣
֪㣬ûˣʯЦЦƺٵĴ£ȴǰ˼˶Բߣʱڹɽ˷֣Щ׼Ϊá
ˣõģȥ˰ɣ˵ŻҪߡ
ȵȣ㣬㻹ǱȥˣͲԼˣ˰ɣʯҲۣͷͬ⡣
ã˱߳Աģȵ˰ʯҲûҪж˼ãȵҹٶ֡
Ű£˶ʱԺﴫҵĽŲ
ʯɫ΢䣬æԺ⣬ȻʮֱֳĹٲѾķ䣬ǳʯķ䴳ȥڼûʯһۣŰ£Щͨˡ
ǼȥһͷĹٲԸ漴Ƴʯһۡ
һֱڼ𣿿ɷܹӣͷٲ˵껰ʯһôô죿ۼ˳һζ˵ʬ壬ѵҪڣ


ʮ Ӱ
ܹӣʯĳûʯһϲ˿¶
ʯɫ򶨣ͷٲĵ˵ͷ
һ껺ڵͷܹӰʱ˵ƺҪͷĳҰ˽£ʱˣˡ
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ǿһѲͨһܹӣʵڲУȥѰܹӣȵ˵һ⡣
ͷٲüͷһ壺ôУԱֲԺ˷ȻŻٵ鷳ǻѰҪ
ûɷ
ûз֣
ʱʯķ䶼ѲˣֻʣڵĹٲʯת˼ŶԲߣһεʬ壬ԼҪҪڡ

ʱ߳ٲʯ״ᵽɤۣھö΢Ĺϼֱ
ͷûз֣ٲ˵˵һ䡣
ʯһ㶣Ű£ɲΪؾصĻڷŶܣ϶Ū췭ظһûзζ˵ʬ壿
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ԭ˵ʱȥ˳ٺ٣˷ˣʯǮʹĥǧŲĶɣȻҲĻǡ
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޸һûʲô˵ģ㣬㽲ʯԼķʽ֮һ顣
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ٺ٣ͱôˣȰ˵ģһʲôģڼʱҡʯ΢Ц
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㿪·ͺãǰߣһʲô㼰ʱźŸң̧Ŵӣһ˷Ҳáʯɫһ
Ǻã߰ɣϣһ˳˵껰ʯ뿪˳Ȼ뿪Ժӣ֮漴Ժ˰֣ʯ˳
˳Žֵ߳ȽԶһξ룬һٴΰ˰֣ʯȥ֮ٴζǰС
ƺ˭Ҳûз֣ڴͷһŴ֮һӰں棬ʯ˵һһ


ʮĻ 
ҹӰʣ
Ż⣬һƬɽ֮ϣ
ԶһƬС֣Ӱڵ棬ڴŴԣһС
һû԰Ҳ̫ˣ˵˷ʬ壬Ҳûɵϡ˵
ʯ΢΢˵ͷôоЩŤʯ渡ȥܵһƽŪһЩֲСݸ档
ûõİݾൽһҲήܵ濴ȥһġεҡҡͷ
ʯǲΪһ֮£컯¶һεƮƬϣԭЩֲСݣȴǽָ
һṦȵĿУƬһƬܵ濴ȥ޲𣬸Ǹշ
棬һ䡣
ȷ棬ҹĲ˯ܳʬ壬Ϊûܹ𣿡ʱԶһЦ
Լ俴ԶһӰ̫Զټ¹ʣ޷Էࡣ
ʲôˣʯһ𣬼æֹͣ컯¶ͷԶԼͱˣֻǴҹ˯ˣҸԼȻࡣ
ҺһǷˣӰ߽
ʯܹһ׳˶꣬ӣһ̫࣬Ѩ߸¡𣬶ȻǴ˵еֻ֣һòҲǴա
ʯĳɲʲôˣ²Ҫᣡʯɫһ˵ü΢壬һĨ֮ɫ
ٺ٣ǰװ㲻Ƿˣʬ˭׶Ц
ѣʯûж˵ʲô
ŶѣڹСޣҪǰװˣĳʱ򣬿ǻû̫ˣƭĳģٺ٣׶
ӷʯһ
̫ˣ˵ǲҲýɱ˷ߣ֪ĳãŮ£ȥǮƶóֻҪ㲻ˣԹԵĽһ˵ͷŹǡ׶ӷĿʯˡ
ôѲģθǶ˵ģʯĳŹ˰ɣʯ˫Ŀһе˵
ߣûѡ񣬵Ȼñű٣ĳ֮ͽһץסɣһٸǰұץס֮ǰȻὫСŮɱҵӦ֪óɫһ
ţʯĳȻţʯһ䣬漴㣬ȥʣǱҪʲôȫ
㡭Ҫ˵ЩʲôʯǻҡͷΣ˵ͷ
ҲգһСŮ޿뿪ˣñˣСֵܵĻ˵öԣҪ˵껰ʯһۣǰ߱·ء
ãӰѾʧ˺ڰʯ΢΢һЦ
ҲƷѵܵˣʯһ۸
һЩνָ֣ĳҲߣĪ˵һëͷСӣܳһξ룬ĳ˯һȥץ㶼üȻЩ󻰣ҲóԼʵţܱΪصͨӳ˾ǵ֮
ŶҪøʧˣʯһǲһڵ·ܶأٶȼ죬θԵƮȻ
ʲô֣Ṧ˵ã״۽һû뵽ʯСͣȻϳ˵Ṧ
ٺ٣ͬлǶ⣬ĳǰ㻹˵㣡˵Żɫһһŵ棬βһԾһ֮䣬αǳ⡣
һնͣδͣһ£ʯȻٶȼ죬Ṧ˵ãԾ֮䣬׷ʯո߸Ծˢһ£סʯǰȥ·
ٺ٣û뵽㻹Ǹֻ֣Щ¶̵Ц⡣
ʯɫЩܻȥʹ£Щ鷳ҲҹĻصŻ壬û뵽ͨеߣȻҲֵزʯ֮ϡ
·ʯĳԷһ·һ֣ǽɣʯûпЦҲǿţֻǴ˻ĶУͱһζˡ
СӣǸѧţҲӲĳĵģ˵ô򶨵ʣԭЩ̡
ҲգҾȽ˫ȴۣ㻹ôܣֱӽɱˣŮȡĳɱ뿪Ż壬Ȼ󡭡Ļû˵꣬ʯȻ֣
ವһԼһâգȥ۽һʲô˵Żһֲ˼ٶܿǵâ
һȻҹƺһͷɫԱʯٶ֮죬֮ݣʯûзӦǽʵʵİһȭ
°ͣһѵʯһƺߣһѪεɶǴŨŨ֮⡣


ʮ ù
ͨһʯˤԶ棡
ٺ٣һ򲻴һлɷȭȻûСӵڹʵ̫мĸ֣һ۱ǿʯȱ㣬ƤЩûʲô·ԡ
ȿȡʯҡεվΣ˲ǵѪоؿ߹Ѿۣһ󷭽Ҫǽ׻ǿһȭҪԼС
ʯĳЩɻԸµʵôᱻץģʯʱ䣬ѪЩڣ׼ٳ֣ϾԼǶԷָ֪֣ûʲôڹʲôƤҲʲô
ߣâһҪա̽֡½ͥ£ĳˣôץң
½ͥ岻ֶ֣Ҳ䣬ûɱңǿұץߣѶ֮Ҫǹ˵ãٴˡ
ԭˣڵˣʯĳԸ˿ɲʯ˵껰һ˦
ಣ
¹ʼ䣬˵âƺ׼âٶ֮죬Ҳɫ΢䡣
һ漴һɣâ֮һŤٴαܿâԾ˫նյıܿâ
صһڵ棬ȻĶ㿪˰˵âֱ뻯ʯɫһоϴİ꣬Ҳû֡
ٺ٣ĳ߽ʮ꣬δ˵Ȱַ˹죬ѵǡ󡯵ĴˣΣҲɡһ˵
ʯĳòϣлǾĸ֣Ǳ˽ս㲢ûκƣĿˣʯ΢Ц˵
Сڳԣĳʲôδ䣬ȻĲʲôͷһŵâ
ʲôȥİܻͷɫһ䣬æ㿪·ͻȻƾֲҲֻǶ㿪˰˵âһâҲֻǻֱƤѡ
ɫһϲ˵ЩʲôȻɫһ䣬оѪҺƺ
ж㣬ʲôˣѵǣ˵еġߣ˹İַǼʶ㣬뼤ȥܻͷǲ³ʯݣ漴ڹ׼Ƴԡ
һṦԽ˹ƶɢԽ죬̼䣬Ѫɫ԰ףβĵ˵ϡ
㣬ŹңҽҩǱ֮ͬˣʦ飡дŨŨľ벻ʣԼΪͨˣôԣ
ʯĳŹ㣬ҲûнҩȻʯĳϲʲôصӢۣҲԲʲô캦£Ⱥ֮ǲųȥΪĺãʯɫһ˵Ӣ˭ҲҪǷʵ
㡭ģģ³֣˫Ŀһɣ׵ʧȥϢĿ
ʯ˿ĴˣæѪ룬漴ʬ忸ԶһƬɽԱߣ˼Ƭ̣ȡһ̴ֻľذףС
ףʲôɷȭʯհذ׷ŵУȻףƺʲô·
һʯǽڻУˣȻͨ˵·˵ҲЩô˵ŻʯǾʹȥ
һʱ֮ʯŸϻشֳһ·ϽѪӡɾء
ûȥˣżˣʯоûʲô©֮Ȼص˼Ժ⽹ĵȺ
ˣˣһͷʯĻóƺޱȵĵģһ˫СֱԼ߬ķס
ʯһ֣۶ϵ߹Ǳһײʯɫ̲԰
ô˰ˣôزأʯ쳣ɫǵʵ
ٺ٣û£ֻһȭѣ£ȻȥɣҲˣʯǿʹصС
ȻʲôˣҲ˵ԼܲģҪ㰵ʾһȥֻǵĸ㣡Ǵûи¡
֪ҵ˼һҹû˯ЩˣҲЩ˯ɣʯ˸
õģȻطˣ˯ЦЦ漴뿪ʯķ䣬ûϢǰʯڵķڤ
û뵽ͨеߣҲôֲʵ˿ҪĶ֣ǻԸҲЩܱɱ
ս·治߿ɱȵģϾһһҽһԽҲЩôʯ˵Żǽ˳


ʮ 
ʮҹ
ʯԺﲻͣıУҸıŲλãֻǿȻٶҲǲǰݣǰȴǿ˲١
һ
ֻʯһŵ棬θ߸Ծһת֮֮һĵ䵽˵棬Щˤ
ͨ˵·ṦȻҪվ쳤ĶУߵǿʲôڹֻҪʽͿԷӳЩֵָˮ׼ʯ΢΢һЦ˵
ʮǰʯԼ˷֮˽ʱ䣬޸ƣԭʯȥƼŵҩģֻһ뵽ϴ̣Щҩģʯû˼ȥ϶Ҫ
ʱʯǰڤҹɷȭʱȻûдﵽǵ֣ʽʯΨһǷȱľǾ뾭顣
ȻЩʽ߸߽ףûʲôãڻ֮ͬУսһЩƣʯԽԽǸоеľ
ϾܶܶԷĹɲһģҲûĸΪǲҪΪ޴ֻҪԼųʩչ׼ƵԷĹ
ɹˣҳɹˣʱȻڷڳ˳ϴ˷֮ɫһץסʯ֣Щ
ɹˣڴﵽʲôزʯϲɫһ
̫ͭҲٿزˣҿ÷˿Ʈٺ٣ƺЩС⡣
̫㣬һúϢҸ㿪ȡ쿪磡˿ĵһᣬ˵ĻطϢʯ˻ɷȭ
ڶһ磬ʯҽһЩעɣֽԼ׵ľ齻һЩȫ˽֮󣬱ǿʼչأʯֹ֪ؼʱµľǴģֻ뿪˷䡣
ϣһж˳ɣʯԼķڣڰ첻ȥԺϰʲôռ̫Сʩչֻ˻ɷȭ
һṦ򣬺ȻоԺнŲʯĴŵչأæԺǰ˽
ôˣ˵ʯкһ
ϴ󣬹Ż巢£üͷһ˵
Ŷʲô£ʯЩһ䡣
Աҵιʧ٣˺ˣɫһ˵
ʯһɫʵŶ֪ģһʧ٣ھǱ˰ɣʯЩɣѵǱ˷ʬ壿
ϴǲ֪洫ԣƺһλԼ¥棬ûг֣ĴҲûҵˡ
ʼԱҲûеģ˵ο뿪ŻˣӶԼĺӺģŻûںʲô
һʧٵĻһͬ½ԪһͬȥԱҶˣ˵½ԪûлȥǻͣһԱŷ鲻ԡ
ŶԭˣҲһˣ˵ûʲôϵʯû뵽ôͱʧ٣ԼҪЩصɡ
ȷˣңƺҵ֣˵һ˿ɻ
ʲô˭ʯһ
ڶ¾ǣĴ˵ʱзӷʬ壬ͷͨ˵ˣ˵á
ʬ·УιӵƷ˵һ̴ֻľذףŻܹӣֲ֪ҲпǽѰ𡣡
Ŷô˵ʯЦЦûаʱԼڹ
пܣɫ֣ص˵
ϢͨʯЦЦ
ٺ٣ҾһЩ˼ϹܼҴЩʱһЩţ˵飬ҲʲôܡЩ⡣
һᣬȥʯǰ˿Ҳ̫ɣϾͨ˲ֵܷ飬Ҳ޷֡
չһһҹҲûгأʯǰڷɷȭҹԺ
һҹԺһӰΣشѣʯգǰ˲١
һ
ʯ߸Ծһշ֮ƮƮéݷ֮ϣ漴żһ㣬ƮƮ˵棬Ȼһûз
ٺ٣û뵽ͨ˵ĹȻСƣʯ΢Ц
ҳɹˣʱڷ˳ɫЩ˵俴ɹϲãܹʯߣ׷
㣬㿪ˣʯҲ˷쳣Щ˵һ䡣
ʯѣڹŻ飬Ҫһ£𻰣Ժ⴫һ


ʮ߻ 
㣿֪кιɣʯһ۵꣬ǵլԼ֮ˣοеʦܡ
ʯѣʦ½ʦֵʧ٣Ӧ֪һЩϢɣ꿪һ䣬һüһ壬Ҳû˵ʲô
Ŷ˵һЩϢʯĳû˼ע£ǴϢȥűȽϺʣʯʼ硣
ٺ٣ĳ֪ʦЩڣѵλʦֵʧ٣ʯûʲôϵ𣿡˫Ŀʯ
ɲҪ˵ʯĳûǣأʯĳЩ飬ûʱġʯɫһ塣
ãĳµģϣʯ޹أĻٺ١ɱ⣬漴ת뿪
ʯһۣתص䡣
ûʲô°ɣʵ
ûµ㣬㲻õģˣڿ磬ʲô״̬ʯһ䡣
ȻһЦԺγһģУɵ壬ʮޣǿͭڶ
Ŷ˵һʱ䣬ͿԴﵽ龳ˣֻ龳㣬ʰһ¶ϻصɡʯɫһ
ôһ㶣漴ЩĿ˿éݷȻƾɣڷ궼ЩϾС͸ĸѾ顣
һԷε飬ǿܻЩ鷳Ҳҵõεʬ岻ֻҪڹɽһɵңҲòʲô֤ݣп鷳ʯ
ѵŲܣüһ塣
ǺǣŲִµģҪ᲻ãԺǿԾʯﵹûʲô飬оﶼһֻҪȫӦͺá
ðɣģ˵ͷȥʰЩô𣿡
ˣʱðտңˣ·Ҳ̫࣬ﶼУӾͺãҪ̫ûõƷʯľǳŴһѶ
ǲͬʲô᲻ӣȻһЩǰ󱳰ʯʱͷ
㣬Ǵ·ͲˣòϣĶмҲòϣʯ˵ŻһһЩòϵĶһṦ򣬱Сһ롣
Ҹĸģӣ·ǼҲģɫȻ˵
ðɣǰ⼸ţʯӺ·װ˽ȥֻ˶һ׻ϴ򵥵ƷһЩھͱ
˿µ·ȻᣬҲûж˵ʲô
𣿡һ䡣
ߣʯɲȵԷˣ˵ͷʯϰ˱ǳţҵ֮󽻴һҡ
Сӣ㻹ʯͷ˷ۣҪصˣ
ǵкϴε鲻˼ˣʱһģʯЩЦ˵
ߣСӻЩģʱ֪ͷƿҩŰɣһƿǿٻָĵģһƿ˵ġ˵ŻӳֻСƿűǩ
лʯɫһܹóԼȷʵ
ˣ߰ɣлİ˰֡
ǣʯһк漴ת뿪Ҳûߴʯ·˳ŻؼʱС·ȥ
ֻһ·ڣʯҲû취ʩչʲôֻܹԹԵУ·һ£ɽ¡
İ˲ýţһֵصüͷһĿ˿ʯ
λʦ֣Ѿ˵ãһ龳ǿ԰ŵġʯɫһ˵
ŶȵȵȣҪȥѯһ£ֵص˵꣬תȥЩǣ鲻̫˳
һṦԶʯ󵱼ɫһ˿ʯΪô
ʱ׻ģϴһֵصӵסû뵽ŲµˣȻ٣
ǰڻŵ·ϣҽףʯ΢Цϣ˵δޣ龳ΪǷ԰ţһҷ䵥סҲһ𡣡
Ŷƺûع񣬿˿֮Ȼ֮ɫȻܽ龳˵ʻԣΪѡε֮ʱûйȥԣĿǴӺζ
ϣһаϣеõһöպýã뿪ӣѡε֮ʱûȥԡʯشɵĵ˵ͷ
ԭˣãڽ׻ͬӣһԣʤ߽õŵĽҴȥѡס˵껰ʯɡ


ʮ˻ ի
ڣ
Ҳû̫İ裬ǰһǽڵĻܣ·һϣһߣſǰľϴ
ʱһߣһ꣬һŮӰ˽
ʯ½ӣﵽϸŸסɣ߻ڵϣȻʯ
˯ʵ̧ͷæվڻϷһ漴óһͼ
ԴˣǾ͸һϵסɣԼѡͨסŴס˵껰ͼƷϡ
ˣŮδޣ龳ʽӣ˳㷢һöӷɡϿһ
ãϴӦһһṦٴóһתϡ
ӷơŹǡԼסˣȻҲȥʯסϽһ
лϣʯϲİϴڴ˴ȡġ
֮£ϿɻԸһ䡣
ûʲôˣϵ˵ͷ߰ɣʯƵͼ뿪
һ½ӶѣϾȻһˣѲɴʲôϵˣԺչһЩ˵һ䣬漴ſϣʹûʲôչ˵ƽʱӰƺֻ˯͵ϡ

һ㹦ңϴʯ߹հƣһƬʯÿ䣬ʮҾ룬Щϡ裬ׯܼ
˵ؽ࣬Ҽ淶Ϊͨһ㽨㽨㽨֮١
һשߣķݽʯгڴ㽣뿪ԼéݣҲڶӼһ
һƬǳӾסи߼Ӿס򶼱ƽʱǼ޷ģǳӣ໥ҲǾԶƽʱҲʲôţʵһǳأֻǻֵסԼ⽨ӹ淶Ͻܵ
ʱ˰յͼǣһС·ͣ
һСһ㽨ʯУשߣʽӣɫȻ½ԱһЩͨһ㽨ǿ˲٣Ҳ࣬ȻһЩ㽨СһЩǰéݲ֪ǿ˶ٱ
իʯ˿ϵң۹˽·һͷʯʨ֮ϣֻʯʨЩŹ֣ڴ󳤣ͷ
ȻȲüƷԼ⽨ŷסҲϵˣЩϵĽǸ˳ʽģʯʨһƣԼϵ򿪽Ż΢Ц
ãʯͷһԼһҲԼʽЩסһ֮¹ע֮ϣ漴ʯʨһӡ
৵һ
ʯʨ΢΢һϼ˸䣬ի򿪣ƺĳϵȻʯʲôŵҲµõһƽ󷨵Ĵڡ
½׻ĵһԣһŵĵӣаˣֻǽ׻ֻжʮˡ
һЩϵӱԹǰʮвͬĽ˷Ӧʮңһ˶ʱ䳤õǰʮĽѹǲСġɫһ˵
ͬһˣҲжʮ˽׻ʯЩ⣬û뵽Լ˿ֲţڽ׻
ǺǣͨЩ˼飬С֮⣬˽׻ĵӣЩʵ󱲡
Щ˶һЩأǳ壬е壬ڼﱾԴḻʵǰеıѾ龳ڣеѾǻ
ЩСӳˣкܴĲͬȻǰڻǵĲԣھҪԵŬˡϽ⵽
ףʯɫһĻشʱԼߣֻҪԼŬδؾͲܳԽЩġ
ǺãúϢƾȥȡл֮ھѧϰһЩ֮ϲʤ㣬½׻ӣûʸȡģǶҪһĹף㹻ȡϸһ
֪ܻøÿֻȡҪ²̫ܰɣʯЩεһ䡣
Ǻǣ龳ͬÿ¿ȡʮ񣬲Ҫȷ㣬ȥȡ񣬻һЩɹףǿԵõġЦЦ
ԭˣлϽ⣬ǣʯ˵꣬ٴνһЩˣ뿪˴˵أʯһۣ漴˿¼ң΢΢һЦ󣬱ǽ˹ի


ʮŻ ޻
իСǰһңҲСЩңǳԼѷС䣬Ҳסˡ
벻ǾȻסַӣĻϲʯ鿴һ
ģԺǻԽԽõģʯҲܸˣǰҲõʲôڹɽ鷳ˣԺﰲͺãҲΪһڷȥ
㣬ϲĸ䣿ʯһ䡣
ЦЦֻ˯ѣҾСѡһɣ˯ңռЩƽʱ
ҲãʯûоܾʲôƬ̣ʯڵ㣬ʱһֱ·ҲȽۣȥϢȥһ˾󣡡
ðɣ˵ͷҲҪ̫ƴˣʱʵִ̫ˣòΣҲԵ´Ρ˵ŻЩĻص˷䡣
ʯЦЦת뿪˹ի

ϣʯȡ񣡡ڣʯ˵һ
ϼʯȥҲûʲôȣδҲ龳˵ȡһҪҪһͬȡˣ
Ҳãлϣʯͷлӹʮһ󣬱ת뿪󣬵ûȥ󣬶ֱ
ʯͬűԣ϶ôо綾Ѫ룬һСľͿܸ
ʯ׼һֵһ˱ԲЩʤ㣬νǼƻȫ
Ĵ֮һ֮ߣһ޶ȥƻֺ꣬嵭ɫ͸¶֮
ſֵصӣʯֱӽ£ʯƣŷнС
СǽϽǹľܣڷһЩͨ¥ݿڣһ꣬һľ֮ϡ
ֻһѡ涼м۸ѡֱȡƽ˵
ʯͷӦһ漴һľܸۿڷŵĸ
ʯҡҡͷıܶ࣬ȻܲһЩڱûʯϲͣ˻ѡЩ
һŻǰʯʱһ֣ħȡɽʯٴҡҡͷıţһЩɱֻ̫󣬲Ȳߡ
ʯһľܿ˿˫Ŀһ߱ޡڡܣ
ľϵһЩԼͣЩСİͣҲʯϲͣʡԸߣٶȿ졣
ѪӰذʯȻɫһһѳɢŵɫذף㣬һʯ˱
ʮ񣿡ʯ۸󣬵ʱ죬Լ׻ÿֻȡʮ飬Ҫ󣬲лһ
漴ʯֿ˿۸񣬴߰ʮеĶϰ٣ʯ̾ϢʱͲõˣԼʮǧ

ûıԣҪͽս׼ˣ̶ʱڣлҲȫѧᣡʯ̾Ϣһо˷ԣԼûʲôϣúˡ
һͨɫĸߴʯǰǾſֵصӰ֣ӱҪɭһЩ
ʯҲûж˵ʲô֮󣬱ɵĽ˾漴˿ܵİ衣
ǰһľһǽǶʯܣһһİڷһЩžͼס
ǰڷһЩֲ꣬ڳŵĻ㣬ʯû뵽Ȼһؾ˶ͨݡ
ӣ˿ʯЩɳƵ˵ȡлİɣ˵Żعһȡһžתϡ
лǰǵӵƣʯɫơ
ΪѺ𣬵㽫žͻʱ񽫻᷵㣡̬ĮĿڵ
ǣʯɲҷʲô˵Ѻν黹ž֮ʱ᷵Ѻóһ¼¼ʯŹžתȥ

صիʱѾ磬÷ˣ֮бɹסʱһЩʣģҲûޡ
㣬һӣרŴЩ£Ժרɣʯһ߳Էһ˵漴˿ڣȻЩ⣬ȴǱɨһȾ
üһ壺𣿡
룬ţʯЦЦ
ûµģЩС²ʲôģһͦõģҪˣ˵˶ҲҪķãԼչ˺ġһЦ
ðɣʯһᣬ˶¼Ҷ⣬ԹطϢʯóǲžڷол
ֱʯȫƪ󲻽üʱ̫٣Բȣѧֻ
ʯҡҡͷͬ½ԪҶսԻۻٶȼϴİȣֱһΣ½Ԫзȫգ̫Ҳױܵġ
Զս֮ʱһԽԽãԽԽãֿʤĹؼȻʱ㣬ǿַȫѧϰһҶϤһЩֻʱԲá
Ƭ̣ʯרһ֣ȻͿʼץٶȣздԹһ飬ʯרС
֮ѼԺ˫Ŀһ֮£ʯԺ˼Ρ
зСΪΪԪ֮ؼ֮֮һɻ״ΪСʯ˫Ŀһ
쿪չžϼصĿھ֮Ԫ֮ԣʱţţһδʧܺʯȻûз
ֱҹȻûʲô仯ʯʼ۳лΪ״䲻ü
Ȼ۵һ죬ʯϹϼһһȭͷСɫ΢С
ٺ٣ڳɹˣʯϲܹܵϵƻȴǿ֮û˺ķԼ̬޷ģֻ˼
зֻϧƻûе̬ô󣡡ʯ˼˵Ƭ̣˫Ŀâһƺ뵽ʲô
һֻǰһ죬Ƭ̺һŵɫС򻺻ֶʯ˿Сдż֮ɫٿأŻںںϣɫΪģлγһ£ɫС
صһ죡
Ż򼸺ͬʱѶʯЩǱĺܣǱ漰Ҫб۵ķѾΪ˿ȫ
֣ͬǻ棬ΪںϣǲʯƬ̣ûзٴ۳Ż򣬳ںֻ֮Ǵ˷ʯѧ٣Żֻţ۴СʧܣҲ̫ƻ
ֱҹһδʧܵʯҲû˿Ĵ㣬ֻһգֻðֵȴָ
˶ʱʯҲûţ޵ĿռڣҲԽڷŲƣ쵽ΪӰֻȻûдﵽֱ̬ٶȣһָʯǼֻںϡ


ʮ 
պڣ㳡
˵λĵشеӱԵʱ򣬶Щӽ˽˶ԹҲֻҪǩ״Ҳ档
㳡󣬱ɫʯ棬һߵʯ̨ڷΣϡԼʿϣһϡ
ʯ̨ΧŴССʮԲ̨ÿһ̨֮ʮԶС̨ҲɴСԶΧһЩۿϯλ
˿̵㳡ɽ˺ȥм˵ӣȻ󲿷ֶǻҲһЩԽĴڣһЩ龳龳ר￴֣ԴɵҲԼʲôϾѧϰһЩս顣
ϧˣǽ׻ˣٽһԽĻᶼûˣֻܿ½׵ͬűԡȺдһ̾Ϣ
ЩӣɼͲںˣϵӳ֣Ҳδõھһ
ι˭ʤھ֮λȺУһ֮ʵ
˵Ȼʦˣһ˻ش𵽡
ҿδأڽ׵ĻӣеѾסԪϾȻͣڻҲʮˡ
ʦָս׻һ꣬츳ŬĿãʵǲ˵ֻǻΰʦҪǲˣʦ־õھ֮λˣ
ôܣΰλʦѾˣ˵ڱչسԪϾȻıԣǲģϾǲȱЩ˼ҿɶбġ
ʦֱضȶھ䱾һɽ֮ˣܿԼŬһߵ죬õھӦõģ
ǣ֧ʦֶùھһȹŮ¶֮ɫǷ˷ۡ
ʯڼǰüڻӲ٣ϵЩӣֻ˭ܵõھʯǲ̫ںԼֻҪܳǰʮõһЩͺãھͲˡ
Ұһ£ʱʯ̨һվΣһӣ̨˵
һȵĻ֮ڣڽ׻ĵӣԲμӱԣǰʮõʮ
߽ڶƷھߣõһ鱦Ϊ˵껰̨һƬȻ
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һЩ½˫ĿŹ⣬һЩϵӶμӹһȵıԣ˷󣬵ûʲô̫֮ɫ
ˣ׼μӱĵӣ̨ǰǩ֣˷Ϸһ֣ͬ΢΢һЦ˵
̨һľϷһЩСľƣվһ꣬ϣʯȹʮӣľǰȡһСľơ
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Ұƺѡȡ̨˵껰ǰʮһɢʯ̨
һṦһ̨ʯһ֮¶΢Ц֮ɫ̨ҲԳӰ
һߺȣҵĶֶѾ̨ҽһ±ԵĹأȻۣ⣬Ͼͬд裬Բö
ֻҪһ䣬һ֣ΪΥ̭һʤΪѡߣʧбԣʧֱ̭ܵʤ߽ڶ֣ѡбԡ
ԴѭѡʮʤߣõɵĽкڿû⣬Ǳ׼ʼ
û⣡
˽⣡
ˣڶ΢΢ͷеսⰻȻϴ˷֮ɫǴͷɥ֮ɫ
ãϷԿʼ˵껰мִ̨һǹۿǷΥߣǷֹг⡣
䣬м̨ϵĵӰͲס׷׶ߣз
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ºң깰˹֣оâ˸
ʯʯû˵ֻ꣬Ȼһ
ವһһСһľ߽󣬻һ߲ٿߣһĿʯЩ˷ܡ
꣡ʯԽʺһ飬û뵽˵ʱ䶯֣û˵Υ棬ʯҲֻˣؼ˿Ҳݲʯ룬ǻѾǰ
һһСصһ֮ŻѶţֻڼһߣʯüͷһ壬˿ۻֵѾ֮˵ľʣǻٿشϣҲԻὫ˻ˡ
ٺ٣ʯʦ֣ʦʵֻܳ²ߣΪ㻹ɣٺ٣ҼЦ˵Żٴ۳һС򣬸оʯʵ޷ǻߣǿԼҲԳûС򶪹ȥνһʧļƲߡ


ʮһ ɷȭ
ۼľ߼˽ܣȻǷãʯȴǲûж
ʯ˫ƽڹ°͸°͵ı죬Ȼʩչ˻ɷȭһȣ漴ľһȭֻǱ
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ڣֱʧȥսֱֱӱϣ
ѵСӸս׻֪ҵʩչľж̨´һ̾Ϣ볰
Ҹ¶֮ɫ·𿴼ʤ⣬ֻҪȭͷһӴԼҲӮˣ䲻ҡͷ֪ԷǸçԼαС۳еС
صһ죡
ľײȭͷ΢΢һ漴ź浹ɶʯƺҲܣ۽һһ֣˳źߵĳźҳ˹
ʲôʲôҵһ£漴Ӧҿ׼Сһ
৵һ
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ãۿСۻֵѾ漴һһƬˮĻǰֶֻǿæʩչЩ
۵һСײˮĻ֮ϣǳһۣɫһ䣬æ߶ˮĻֵСԼûʲô£һմȾϱȻҪˡ
ʱʯһԾںǰһ֮¶һĻȣȭ֮£źؿںȥ
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أ
ʯһģȭȣǴ˺ҵؿڣȻС˲٣һĵĺ˺üͨһ̨Ե棬ؿڣɫͨĿʯ
Υ棬㻹֣ĺ·˵һ㣬ؿڶʹޱȡ
ȿȣλʦԩʵȭȣҪǫ̈̄ˣղŴߵҲûмʯһ޹˵漴գգ۾
㡭ȿȣҲ֪ǱˣǱÿû˵
ʯû㣬ξһսִ»û˵꣬ͱ̨һߴϡ
ߣӳݣѾ䣬ҪϣǶΪΥɣλкԣһź۵ߵȻִνλȨء
ǲƽǳ͵ϮⶼΥ棬Сֻǽѵһ»Υ棡
Ǹ˷ӮˣҲŲǰʮγһ仰Ҳˣ
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ʱϰյ˫Ŀ΢΢һȻٺ٣˼߱ԣȻ˵·ӦǼϡٵϳѧ
ЩϧСѧղûзӳеЩղס֣ûͬţλô
ȻʯѧղҲûеֱΪʯѣ˶óάʯγϲüͷһ塣
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ǺǣճԲЦЦͬУһƣˣҶóɣӾΥ棬ǽΪѡߣ
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һṦ̨Ƿֳʤʧ߰ңٴγǩѡȡ֣԰ƺ̨һ£˱Ƕսʯע˳ϼӰ


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ʯһ߹עųϵսһעżʵӰЩʧ֮УҲһЩʵǿĴڡ
һݸ꣬ʵͱȽǿᣬϳ֮±ǻ˶֣漴һս̨֣̬
Ұʦֹ˵ãôͻ˶֣ʯһ꣬ЩݵĿ̨ݸꡣ
ߣĻҰʦŽǰʮ֮УҪһֳǹƽʦ֣ܻμⳡһڵ
⵹ǣƽʦ̫ǿˣ
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ֻŽǰʮλ͹ƽжǿʯЩɻ˵漴˿ݸҰ
Ҳ֪˶ãսӽβһ̨Ϸֳʤʧ߽Ǵͷɥʤ쳣Ͼᵽ˲μӵڶֵʸ
һʤĺѡߣԼʤߣλȡƣ׼ڶֱԣϸɾ˵ʯȡ˺ƣԼ̨
ϣҰɣʯţ̨ϵӰʯЩ̡
Ұ깰˹֣䵭
ʯʯһΣôʲôʲôѵԼô飿ԺҲһ𿪹ˣ
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ʦ׼ʦҪˣҰȵ˵һ䣬漴һ죬ಣСǰûмڳ֣ƺڵʯȳ֡
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ҰһУһ֮£ǰŻײȥţһ֮£һöƲӲӵķУ׼սپȻֱӶ˹
ۣ죬С򼸺µıѶڷҰһž޴Ļϼܸоƿ֮⡣
৵һ
ʱϿһӰڿն𣬽żһ㣬һ֮£˺׼ķҰǰ漴ڴһĹɷȭʩչ֮£Ǻ˷Ұؿڡ
أһ죡
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̨һƬȻڶսеĵӣԼִ¶¶֮ɫг뾪졣
⣡ôշеģ
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ǰһԾȻӯƺڿг־ͣ٣ӦҲָеؼƺһṦۼ֮ˣϳʯʩչͨ˵ѧ
ս̫ˣҲ̫ˣ
ǿ죬ֻǣǶԤϴ˽ܻܷҰǰʮӦûˣû뵽˷ԣһĺ̨˷׷ʯµĻصλ
ߣǸָ֣ǰһ֮ղסȭΪ֮ʯ̨ϣγʼ硣
ЦЦٺ٣ΣʵţֻҪ̫̫ǿĶ֣ǰʮ֮С
û뵽ѧҲָµѧϰҲЩôһЩȤ˵
Ǻǣҵһ˻ѧҲֻǼ߰Ĵڣ˵˭Ҳ˷ʱ䣬Ǹã
ֶμ࣬зֻҪ׼һʵǿһЩߣҲ󡣡ЦЦ
ǷҰʵֻû׼ˣзûüЩսʤͲö֪ˣϵͷ
˭ĵӣյŴ䣬ǿǶȥѡˣôûмγϺȻ¶һ˿ɻ
ɫһ׵㣬ʽӣûвμŴ䣬ӣϷĵӣ˵ŻЦЦûаŴʱʯչص˵
ԭϵĵӣֲ˳ڣ¶Ȼ֮ɫγһ֣ûʲô
ʯμ˼ֱԣʼ¶˻ɷȭֱ¶ڽĶսҲʲô
Ȼûдﵽǵȶܾöٶʯû̫ǿĶ֣ùݵٶȣʯǿֵĹֱӹԷǰܶ֡
̨ϳϣ̨µӣļסʯƥͻȻɱĺҲʯı֡
ãֱԽһǰʮʱϺһһЩǴ
ʯƺ̫ą̃һԱʯ䣬Ȼ˿ʵǿʦ֡
ʯоѹֻ̫ҪԼڸӮʤǿѡǰʮģΣʯ̫ں
̨ϱβٴοڣʤֱӽǰʮѡˣȱڸѡȡ
˷ʧߣǰʮսʤ߽ǰʮǰʮѡбԣǰʮΣҿ̨ȡˣ
ϻһ䣬ӰȺ߳ʯѡȡľ̨̨֮һ΢֮ɫѿˣ˿еǰƽ
治һĲʯüһѾ棬˷䣬ǾԵǰʮ֮ˣ˷սֻȫԸˣʯ߬߬ȭ
ٺ٣ϧˣƺôԹƽʵӵѧûʲôôγһЦЦϵȻûпڣҲ¶ϧ֮ɫ


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ʯңңĿ֮£ʯǱЩأƽ̬һ˦֮£һѰ䵶ְա
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ʯСո۶ʱϺȻԸʼͬһʱ䣬ʯƽ˹
ಣ鼤䵶ʯ״˫Ŀһ˫֮£С漴ӭײķѡ
ڰ䵶ն֮ʣʯһ棬һԾնյĶ漴һСŹƽȥ
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ѵ֣
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৵һ
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ڰ䵶նʯؿ֮ʣ˫һԾ漴Сңңһ㣬С΢΢һļ
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һס˫֣ŷĻߺһŤһ࣬漴۹ס˫ߡ
˲ʧɫ˷㲻ҲȻش߽׷ߣɲСǰ׵ֵ
صһ죬ʯûɷȭ֮˫ȭصĺ˻֮ϣ漴˾ȵļƺ˰ա
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˿Żֿ˿ʯƽ۽һȨ֮£ǾʯвһЩ
һ֮£ˮǽٴʵֵСȻڻ£Ȼʯӽƽû¶壬һߵ˦һŻɫ


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һṦһ껺̨ȤĿʯʯ˵˫Ŀһ˲ǳμ棬ǰʮʱ˷νԩ·խٴ꣬棡


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ˣӵĶӳΪƽϾ׻࣬ʶǶһЩΪ˳ȣҲҵȷģȥĵطɽ˵껰ʯɫһ¶ŭɫ


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ҡҡͷˣ˵һΣһˣҲòСһҿˣִϣÿ˶ʮֳɫж⽱ͣϷԸ꣬˱½뿪ڡ

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ˣ൱ڵû¶꣬Ƕʮͷ꣬Ҳûʲôն飬һֻ֮˵Цٹ۲ܵòҲû̫֮ˣһΣҲ޷ǰԤԻǲһЩ
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ʯһʯͷϣ˫Ŀ΢գŬĻǰ飬Ҳ벻ǿһεļ䣬Ҳ֪ĸǳˡ
ȻˣǾͰɱ˱ǿ϶Ǵͷߣʯɱ⣬˴㡣
ףʯһԶһ̧ͷȥֻâһ漴ʧ


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Ѳɱˣʯɻ˵漴ɫĴзžϸܵĶ
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ʦ㣬ʦܷ̼⣿ʯȻһ䣬ľһ㶣漴ɫĵ˵ͷʯҲûԷ̬ȣһ·ϰߡ
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һöǻշγһɫ֣У˺ǻõķֻǺ
ڵַʦ㵹ûмǲƷˣӦһöƷƷҲӦƷж״ڣһǲõϡľ໺ҡҡͷ
ƷҽʲôƷףʯڶߵ磬ֱһϲͨһΪԼײɲ˶꣬һЩʶԶԼ˽Ҫ࣬Ȼ·ң̤һ;Щ֪ʶҲòѧϰһ
ƺʯ̫˽⣬ľҲͲ䷳Ľʦ֪ޣ֪Ϊ֣ƷƷƷ
ÿһƷַΪͽסнס߽סԼף񻯺ֻƷһЩҽ֮࣬Ʒ㲻ϣֻһЩˣ
ԭˣлʦ֪ʯöϷЩԼϣöƳɹĸ߽׻ö߽׽շڵľ඼ʶģֻԺ취ѯʱˣԼҲûƳ
ţʱԶŲʯľѭȥֻӰŴ˴ǰһ꣬һ࣬һѴ󵶣¹ɭɭâ


ʮŻ 
ʯľಢûжΪŹƽԬ¶ˣֻǺɫЩͣ
ǣľ˼һ䡣
ٺ٣˸ȥӴ٣ʮˣɽ·ϸպ÷ǣԭ׼͵ϮҿǼʱ֡
˶ƷˣǴͷģɽ죬ұ˶ԲߣԼסҹɽһֲƽЦ
ԭˣȽһѰɣľԱϣƷ˽ѣ½󣬹ƽžٴνһ顣
ʲôҹǲ˯һ𣿡Ӳ˲ˮ
ɽҲ˯а׻·ǳ϶֣Ŀռһƣҹ߲ҵȣ͵Ϯĺʱƽ͵һԥҲ͵ͷͬ
ٺ٣ǹƽʦּƻ꣬ȻҲаգһһЩҿһ䡣
ƽʦֿʲôƻľѰһ䡣
ȻƽгЦЦźа׻˵ɽҵģԼһλʦͬͳ죬ڣ
󵱼Ұǰһɱ֣ΰ죬޶İ࣬ʦһ̰ͼŮɫϼһͷԾγı߰ɽȹΣա
ɽλҵĸռһÿжʮ˰֣ٵڶࡣ
ʦռһڽΪʮѺŮԽ϶࣬ƽʱϲ˴ţʣɽھס֮أÿʮˡ
ԣһʮ˷ֳ飬ֱ𹥴һ˭ȵ־ȥˣҪ½һ£ͶѺȥţֱɱҶСһЩ
η䣬ҵס˶֣»ΣգӴֵһ䡣
ƽЦЦǺǣģԬʦܣԴһˣһֱ𹥴λҵסǾʦסƷλʦǰȥ
ʣסȻûʵǿˣ٣Ҫ֣һʯʦܴңӹһľʦôλʦǰȥ
⡭ʦ´ŮӣƷЩΪ˶ô䵹ûʲô
λʦ÷ģǲһҪǵ֮󣬱ǰȥ㣬ǧԼŮӣͨʮ˸ҲǻĶ֡ƽ΢Ц
˵ͷİʦãԶ빥С㹻ͷ۵ˣϾǶͨˣֲߣ
ðɣƷ˵ͷ
ǺãûĻڳд˴·ҲõģǷֲԣǿ׽ǽƽ˵껰˵ͷʾ˽⣬漴ǳ뿪˴˵ء
жԶ·Ҫʱ˵һ·ϣƽź˵
ǣǰԶһڣľګļָָ́Զ˵ͣ
ʩչȻȻȫٿ˼룬龳Ҳܹǿн˴ߣ龳ֻˡ
ֵϵûзÿû磬ֻʾԵֶθҪڶԷϵ²ܴ߱ˣ治٣ʯ˿׻аһ
ʱֻƽԾ֮£ԶһͨĿľѴȥ漴һâ۵һն˿ľѣһƺߴ漴âأƽ
ѾҸҼ򵥽һ£λãȻǷͷж·ҲһЩڣҶǰҡƽλãֱ𽻴Ԭ¡ľࡢʯԼ
صһ
ƽһ˰׻ĺԣһ赹ڵأƽλһҪСģϣǴ˷һ˳ͷ
ƽһ䣬˱ǰ֮ǰõСͷжʯңˣǳһס˹ȥ
ɫѾɼӰһƬ֣һɽͣԶϡܿһ
˵ƽʦҲ̫СˣȰжãͨ˶ѣ·ƲƲ졣
ߣʯʦܵʵ㲻ûΪǶ֣Ц
ʯʦָ֣Щںܱ֮ȣȻû⡣
ˣǰֱԵһڣʦǰȥһ£ҲڣʦֱܷһλûɣʯǲҴ⣬ǻûʲôָ֣ԼǼʵ֮ǿ
û⣡˻شϣȻһṦ򣬼˷ֱʯſڴ
ʯһһâԼ俴һѪɫذףȻɵͷٵŶ˺Դȥҽжûüǰһȥ
˭ʱһЩϤʯĶС
ף㣿ʯ˫ĿһУ߳һӰۣòЩȥʮͣͷϴһָ״Сĺ룡


ʮ 
ǣôô죿վſڿʯ¶˼֮ɫ
ϼһϴ˼ҷ㣬û뵽ܵǿƭҲǿʯ᲻ϵôˣǹŻլװŪƭӣ½Ԫһ÷
ԭʯʦܼˣɻվſڸ
ڹŻһ棬˵ҲֻƭƭȰˣɣ˳ͶǱ㲻Ϊǣʯɫһ˵
תתȻˣɽˣá˵Żתܻ
Сưŵãں֮ʮΣߣЩΪȻ˫ಣС
ʯҲǲҴ⣬Ҹʩչ˼СſڣʮСǰ
ĸɽͷģɽ£ʱſܳһֳֿĴ󺺣ʮˡ
Ͷǲǽŷ䣡мЩЩ⣬Ͼ״ɽǰûмƣʮˣҪ˵һ㲻ǲܵġ


ǲǹɣ
ڿ˿ʮСЩһ֣ߣСװŪҲܰųģӺʹһ˶ԸһмСԸ
һ
˵ŻһԾӵʯȥȺдڳӰһԾ֮£նȥ
ߣ붼ĵһವһһСһ±ǻ˶ּ֣ͬһʱ䱻У̼仯Ϊˣشѡ
ȻӦȽݣһһתնյıܿʯǿСͨһڵء
ͶҪɱң󺺴˻һʮķȴûȫͶ
סҪһ˸ҷٺ٣ҵһಣС漴˵棬ѳŻ⡣
ʲô׼õİŪģԭ׼һᷴƾʩչС򣬱㷢ǰˣƺ򵥣Լ޷ԸҲֻλҵһ
鷳λʩչһ¼ɣȽǿסźһЩʯԸ꣬ӵû漴Ⱥʩչ˼ֻһǿʼ
лصɶҪѧϰһ£Ȼôġˣٺ٣ʯ΢΢һЦ
ˣҲ̫ˣȥƷʦǰɣӿڵ
ʯȺɨһȦҡҡͷӦüһ£Ƿ񻹲űˡ
ҲԣҵһʱˣʯʦܵԣҶһۣȥ
λСģʯ˵껰Ǵܣ©֮㣬û˶ǻӰʯû˿֮⣬˵ϣ֪մ˶޹յѪ
ʯʦܣûˣЩڻģһ𶼳ˣٺ٣˳
ûˣʯüͷһ壺￴ţҽȥһۣӶ˲ûעƭӣʯǼŴˣݺ󵽴һȦջǿֶ顣
ôʯʦܻǶˣһҪǹƽԸʯΪ鳤ҿɲʯΨǴӡ
ʯúͶ˽ʲôڵǺðɣǿһߣȥƷʦǣ
ãӵ˵ͷһ֮£ǲٿű֮ƺƵĸţʬһûʶ
һյĹ˱ԶԶһǰһſŻ򣬱׶һӰŮмŲƣȻս·ӣŮЩǱμЩˡ
ʯʦҲô죬һл˳ɣʱľһӰԶ֮Ҳסˡ
ЩûôȥƷλʦɣǾʦסǵӰӦþǾʦˣʯ˵꣬ľ˵ͷŵӣٿʮڣƷ
ৣӰŻԼһߵĹվſûóȻ֣˿ľʯˣ֮ɫ
ʦ㣬ãû뵽ͨ˵ѧȻ˵ã˵ֱʯʦܻҪֲǲ˼飡㺹˵
λʦû˰ɣľһ䣬Ůҡҡͷʯа̾ԼҲǸӣԼǿ˿еǣ˼ʶҲ̫һЩ
ΪɽӰɳƵһ䡣
ΪɣͶǿԿǷһĻձľɫ˵
ߣΪץңӰ漴˫һΣбǳʮöɫڣ˫һӡ
ಣ
ʯľǴͷߣֱöŶ˷ʣֻڣǳӵ˴ȥ
˿ʯչ˱ˣһŵ棬һŤıܿ˵һöڣʯһڶöͷɹ
ʯҪö֮ʣֻӰһȣ̧ŷĳһƣ·һε·߸ı䣬ȵشʯļͷҪǶܿЩࡣ
žһ
ʯ۵һ죬ڲûд̽ȥǱɫһɣ״ɵ˫ĿһЩ΢
ҶһƵڴ̴ֱЩ˵СҪֲ˼æǰֹѪľȡһö˺ҵ˴
ֱ˿̣˲ʶжֵĿ֮
ʯҲ֮ǰεƷƫ뷽򣬾ԲߵӦѧﵽһ磬ֳܹţ
ǾȻȱ·壬Ӧߣ˲ַͬΪҪǸϾɱӰʯ·ܹסڣȻΪ˵Ķһ
Ϊǵɱ̫޹ˣŻ弸ʮ㽫ȫɱˣҲ𣡡ʯǵû˺󣬷ǰһ˵Ѵ⣬취Ϊĸ
ɱңҲᣬᣬ׼ȻӰһٿ˿˵ĺңԥ
ʦߡɱʯһȣ˫СһâŸӰȥ˼ʯϳ֣ԥ֮æչ˹
žһ졣
һĨһУֱֻۻζƺеȻȺ󵲷ʯѪӰذľ˵Ļ׶ȹֻݵǶ˹ȥ
ٺ٣Ȼȸ֣ľʦã㣡ʱƽԬ´ԶӰɫһ
ûᣡʯӿ֮ʣٿѪӰذ϶Ȼն£Ӱֻüһ۵һذױǽһֱն䡣
۵һһľͬʱӰȣСǱǱĶȥľǱεһŵ棬Žŷȥ
ϼһһһƺ׼ãǰһСصһ˸Ӱ󱳡
ֻһƺߣӰ̼ͨһǰˤ붼һԾ뽨֮׼νǳ㲡Ҫ
ǻһôһ֣Ҳûҵ֣ϧˣƽǰһ˱ɣһЦ
λʦֻ˳ɣľɫ䵭һ䡣
ƽ𻰣һҽڴڴ˳ţһԲκӰһ˸档
ƷһУɫһס˫ۣﾹȻǡҴѪͷ­еĵӵŻɫɷף


ʮһ 
Ѫճɷ
ɽʦڽſڣ˾ۼڸһɫͣޱ飬ƺһ߾ʬһ㡣
ƽһʮˣֻʣʮһˣΧ£˽ſڣмĵϣǺǿѪͷ­һĴˣգۼ
Ȧ΢죬Ʒɫɷ׵Ŀ𴦣меӣҲŤͷȥдŨŨľ⣬ŰѪȵζͷһӰ
ϻ򶨵ģֻйƽԬ£ʯԼľˣ
ձʯȻЩȡɵĳɷ֣˵û̫ƲʯҪǱ֪ʯĵϸĪ˵ƽ˾ԬҲԽʯܣ
ʯ̾ϢһڣʯҲûʲô̫ӦֻǸоЩ๼
Ȼ죬͵Ϯһѣ˵γϣϾԼͬţʯЩпж䵹ûʲô⡣
Ϊұ𣬾ԲҲ֮ǰǰ֣еҲǴһ˿
ƽʦ֣Ϊʦֱ𣡡һ߬ȭͷɫЩȻҲ֮ǰǰ㿴ߡ
ȻûѪĥûĲɱһ˵ȷѳɳʯ̾ϢСһЩȥⳡ硣
֮ǰʯʵ̫ɣ˶Щ⣬˶ڵķ䣬Ҳûз⣬ʯҲǶԽȥģ룬ʯԼҲЩˣĺô
ֲϿɽ֮ʱһٷԸСĽҡͷ̾ϢϵˣȻˣλҲ̫ҵӦôȡѵ
ȻʦܴȥЩ⣬лֻ֣Ǽҵ˶಻ҳ֣Ǿʦ̰ͼŮɫץŮ˺
Ƕʱ׼СһЩִȥҪΪʦܱ𣡡ƽ۸ߺо٣Ѫ
𣡡һ漴˫һŻгǰҲߣ׷ʱֵ׼
ƽһſڣһС˽ȥյͨûмӰ˵ĸӰǺҵʬ嶼ɣֻǵЩѪ֤֮ǰһС
ߣƽԬ¶һۣ漴˴ʯľ½ĳ˽ȥ
Χ£ڴм䣬࿿ܣĴʲôʯнץѪӰذǰСҲֶη
³ɣҪΪͬűҲһƽȵ
Ͳֻٺ٣ʱһЦڷƮ
ţŻ۵һ˻عǽںȻּţĵӰڴĽǰڻ߳
ʯ˫ĿһУ̫Ѩ߸߹𣬲ӯнץһ߳ʯһ۱ϳָ֣
Сģ˶ָ֣ʯϽһ䡣
ŶСֵѵҲˣô߻һ𣿲ǣӴң񲻸ãһһ˵
ƽɫأû뵽ԷȻ֣æԸһƷʦãǶҼʯһ飬ľʦãԬʦܣÿԸһˣ
ãԬ»䣬ƽ˲֣ǰ׶ļ̌˦У漴ٿ
ʯҲ÷ԸʲôԼƷ׷׳֣ǰķ꣬ʯǰм漴Сֻ֮ǰ۳Сһֱǰûʹá
أ
꿴Ʊ׾ʵ࣬ݣʵԶ֮ϣгӶڱ಻Ľб飡
һȹܲǻӽֵһ΢УƺѰһʯˣϾսߵǿ
Ҫӽʯߺһ˲Ի꣬ټвһʱ䵹ҲԽӽˣȻԶ򣬵ƺҲԱˡ
ಣ׳öַȻ֮ǰĸ꣬ˣӼͷ˷ڣһֵĵ˺ü䵹Ҳмּ㣬ӲİγѪûֹӶûһļ֡
æ䣬ʯƳһսţֻ࣬ľһЩǱƺǵĶָóӽǹҲʡ
ʱƽһλӣȻ嵽ǰߴһֱ۵Ѫ죬ۼ̧ˡ
ʯüҲ֪Ŀʯ֪ԼЩߵǾʱģȻΣա
ʯһ֮£һöɫֶ漴һڰ۵һɢΪһ߶೤ߣŷһ˶ȥ


ʮ 鱨
ʯ߽׻̼仯Ϊһߡ
ƽ˼״۽һһıһ˸᲻ʹãΣǱ֮ãƽö߽׻ΪűԶǰŹһö
߸һ֣һŤŷ꼱ٴڳŮǳûʩչС÷ƣӦ
ವһ
һīɫذ׼ӵһѷ꽫һɣ漴ɫһ䣬Ȼת֮»ӳһžһʯѪɫذ׻ɡ
֮߳ʣֵΣһֲ˼ĽǶһ߼ǴӸȻûи˺
ŮСͬʱ˹ȥһԾҪӽʯˣǱʯĵ
˫أһһذףǰлӣһɫذףһѪɫذףȻ;Уżһ㣬֮¸߸ԾնյĶ㿪ߵĹ
˿˵ĵԽԽ࣬ʯ˫Ŀ΢ɨһܣ漴ɫһ䣬żһ߸ԾնյĶһöڰ
ţʯһм赲˷Լӽ༸Ҳͬʱ˹
ֻذٴα֮һ˶ȥֻ귴Ӧʵ̫죬ıһŤܿ˻ǰ·ߣⱻײϷΣա
ʯһͺȣ߲ûлպԶͣ漴ȻһѶΪһŻĽס
һУ
ҿ춯֣ڻֱ߲ײڴϷܣʯǿд߶߱ѿΪ棬ȻҲܸ˺ûֱУȻҪۿۣ
ӸʯԸʲôûٿīɫذף۵һڣһѪӰڵأҷѣƷûȻľߣֵ
˼״ɫһ䣬ʯ˼ľսţԭǼƽֵս֣̳ƫбʯ˸ľ֮࣬һṦǽһ߻УȻҲƣʤҲԽսԽ£
ʯ˰Ԭ£Ľնɱֻʣƽսһߣ˿籩Χ䲻ɫ
ʦȡ˵һ룬һ˱ǱһС򣬷У׶û˸ȫʬû¡
৵һ
ʱһڷɳһӰתȥɫһ䣬֮ǰʧĸӣһ³һ˶ȥ
ǰںžʦʲô֣æ䣬˼æֵֵǰذף׵ش˸࣬˲΢΢һ㶣û뵽ɱ˾ʦ
һУֻһȻֹţһ֮󣬲ɫһ䣬һӵͷ­
࣬ǿͷ­ڵϣ
һĻʵ̫ͻȻˣҲ̫ˣ˵ע˸ϣû뵽ĵӱ͵Ϯ˻عȻտյ
˭˭ڹƽһ˿⣬ļټϴ˹Ҳʣδ֪Ŀ־У˫Ȳ۾սǴۿۡ
һҽУѭȥֻԵһӶͷм䣬ʳѪ·ʲôһ㡣
వƽɲ
̫߲ٿذҵȻٶȿ죬Ӧûʲôʯ˫ĿһС
ҲߣϾǿĵطŸ鱨˵ﶼͨˣϾǶµӣ˷ֻǶսͨС˵
ľʦСģʯȻоľ฽һɼ΢ľԵɫһ䣬ӦȴǼ죬һ
৵һ
ľļͷһѪһöһ˴˷ؿ˰òһ֮ĺȻ˸߿ݶ˲ɫ΢䡣
ޣߣߣһӾֵ˵һ
ʯҲһ鱨Ǻ˵Ϣ߲ٿذӦû˲²϶ߡ
ãԬһȣٿǰ漴һವһһö϶ֻҪһߣͽ̴ͷ­
˲٣һϴž֣Щѹ֣һĳһӰ˵ͷ
ٺ٣ϷľӪĻҵǶѪɣ˶໯Թʵ̫ˣ˾ɲ֮ʣһڴƮ


ʮ а
ɽʦڽڡ
ƽ˱У˾£ڴм䣬ۿһ˵ˣ塣
һۣͷϴźߣһź˳
㣿ʯͫһ˾ȻǹŻƭӣֻǴ˿̵Ŀ鲻һɭ
ʯʦʶˣƽ˵껰ľ˿˿ʯǽʯĴž˵һ飬˻Ȼĵ˵ͷ
ٺ٣ôϴڹŻ壬ҪȺҵĺ£ҲòĴץѪɭɭ˵
ʯת̽ʵѵլڵ꣬ģ
ߣ֪ʣϷҵһأִֽŲóľ󣬲ǶҹƵ˴ѵ²Ϸݣһ
ʯһֲõ˵ҷ·Ⲽó˾֮أʱʯһ֪⣬̫˵˼
ԭˣ½ˣҲİɣΪҪɽʿ¶ҲĶ֣ʯЩɻ
ߣЩνɣϷһ¶ʿݣ⵽Щֹ׷ɱڹɽǼСϷǰҶұ¶ݣ㲻Ҳڳ𣿡ߵ
£Ầ±ɱаޣƽ
аޣΪаΪЩɵĵӣչĶǣֻǵͽɱּʶǳһԽ˻Ǿ֪ʱΪ˽ʦֵͬŶпɱģֻھ̫ͣӴˣ߲м˵һ䡣
Ŷµ˼ǣܽӴԪϾǰľʵ
ϷΪɢޣûʲôɣʶȷʵǶһЩȻûдﵽԪϾȴҲﵽ˻Բֻ֮а벽֮ͿԽˣȻЩԹѪȻҽ׵ġ¶̵Цݡ
ѪߣȻаޣԭ㻹ûдﵽԪϾ˵˶Ը㣬׾٣ƽɫԷɣƺ֮ǰǰ㾪塣
ڿһûˣǴʵϷǴԲڣΪϷĶ֣߼
Щ£ϲĻɽľʦɣʯ˫ĿһС
ЩϷߵһģǴ󵱼ҶңҲϷѣǵʵ⼸ʵǰҲЩ֮һˣ
ϷƽʱЩ£Ž֮λǹҸͷѣŰڣҲϷݣⱻĸɲ
û뵽ȻëͷСӣɽȻҵ٣ϷҲͻطһ¡
Ȼ¶ҪϿ뿪ǰҲɸۣʧµӣٺ١̾ϢƺЩܿ˿
аҲҿڳԣڵˣƽȵ˽ɹĳãҶԽնɱĻǼ룬ҲĻ˭бԼֺˣ
û˭ɱ˭˵꣬Ҳǵ˵ͷ񿴼˵ǵһˣҲͲ֮ǰǰ־ˣϾ߲ߣǰֲѧ
Ŷļ𣿡һ
ƽ緢ЦЦһ̤ȺóȻľٶʵȺܽʱ˻ȥ
һΣգҲüνСʯ˵ͷƽǳ嶯֮Ȼûж֣ʯȴĵں海ĳ˼С
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ΪԲֻǰɱһ̧һಣ׶̼ײıѶ
ţߵһһöɫգ漴ȻһɢΪһ߶೤İ͸ɫӰɢһӴɷ
Ʒƽ۽һϲòԼǰ䵶ȼģȻԼ޷ֵҲ޷ͽֽסԼҪȻҪؽֵһԼҲʡȥԽΣա
߻䣬ɫӰûгأ˵һնƽ߲ɫ䣬ԼҪٻرֵ֮û뵽߸һܾ˵Ĵ㡣
ڰ䵶ն֮ʱȻɫ֣ص̧һӣ৵һһƴСͭɫֶͭ·һֻСĶơ
ֻɫص̧һ㣬ͭɫͭ΢΢һ漴˾ȵĿһǣȻΪͷ­С漴ǲصһס˰䵶Ĺ
飬鱦
鱦Ķƣ
ܣôܴ߶鱦ԬЩŵ˵
кβܵģ˵ΰλʦֱչ֮ǰͿǿд߶鱦ܣǶҲǻԲⳡűԣȻǶ˲ùھ֮λľɫص˵
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ʯͫһǵձԣԼǱͻӰˣ֮ǰԸ˺֣ʯɫԽأƽȻǶ֣˶ó
һ֣ʦһԶԸⲣƽߵѹ£˳֣򼴽֮ΣɲǳӢ۵ʱ
ʯ˿ȴ۳˰˾ſС򣬵ƽڣҲۿλӳˣ׷׳һ򣬱׶УߵȺײ˽֮ϣðɫӰڽڰˡ
ôӢˣս̫ҲϷĶ֣ٺ٣߻䣬漴ӿ
һ
аɫӰųĿϼ𾪵֮УȻѹƵ˹ڽڰˣ˺ҲԵֵɫӰҲ֪ߴԲۺ񣬻ǼƷ̫˵ƺʱᱻһɡ
ʦ־ȡʱһӶͷϱһöɫ붴һĵ˵棬漴һǳʯȥ


ʮĻ ֶƵ
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ҿʩչн֮һʩչƽ䣬Ԭľ˼æͷ
ʯ֪ʲôн֮ȻɫأڶͷӿڰһȻγһ㵭ɫ֣
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ƽɫλʦʦãǸϽн緶ΧС˲ܹ̹ȻǶڼƷ֮£ȱҵʵ
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졢˵е飿ʯʦΪβ㣿ƽ㶵ĿһĻ˲ʯǷѾ˶ˣ˵ܵ
ȿȡʶ˵ô֪ʲô飿ʯΣаһоѾλȫⶼʹѡ
ͷһδй˵ı£Ȼ˼׺ۣʩչ˽շⱦҲԱû뵽С󣡡


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ָ֪ǣߣʯȻЩĻ䣬ԼҲһЩĵ˿̣Ȼ롣
ΪѾɢ߾Ȼû˿ҲѪĿȫǣһͷҷð̣ȴǱ˫ĿĿʯƺҪһ㡣
ʯ˲״죬涼һʶ
Сӣһȿȣһᣬô߾ҵĿԼûüֻ֣һѪɫذԶ
ߣ˵ȰذףΪ͵ϮϷ򣬿ֶþˣЩֱһӣԶͭɫڵ΢΢һǳǰȻֻͷ­СصһȵĵסѪӰذĹ
ٺ٣ҡȿȣȷ˫ȣ˵Ż漴֮£аɫӰϼһʢ̼佫˵ɡ
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ж֣ҲԶҵļƷߣĿҪȫ߶նʯ˫ȣȻǰѪɫذ΢΢һƺ׼ƹƹ
߲¶֮ɫһϹϼһһģ֮£صһٴסѪӰذһĿ˽
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ţǰƵĺ棬ǰѪӰذֱ֮ϣŸ۵СȻһĨâöԶУʧûгֹһ㡣
ɣСȻڡһͨһ˵ϣвʵĵʯӶıʯŰֱֶʵԩ
Ϊûôģʵû˵˭ڰذ֮Уһְ룬һһֶ룬δֶΣһʵ̫ͻȻ̫ˣմŲʵʧȥϢͷϻðűչһ̣Ŀ
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ѵ֮ǰˣһɲϱǿһƬҲжӣҲûʲôˣȻˣҲҷɣнҲҴ򿪡
ʯǲ֣ͣûٿѪӰذۼָ߲˼ĲʯԣǹͭɫѪӰذ
ţʯѰһҵֻƿʮһž
ףȻ䣬ʯһöԿף󲻶ɫ漴վΡ
Ҳ֪ʯҵʲôеĽеĶʼɣеЩΣʯƳֵӣ˿̶ʯЩ⡣
ֶûüһҲȣһ룬Ȼж˼ϾʯѾõٺôˡ
ʯˣǿ˿ڵöɫ룬漴ЩŭĿ˿ӣҪ˭Լƹġ
ʱӺȻЦһ漴߳н磬˲Щɲ֪һ﷢ʲô衣
һ֮ɫλʦʦ㣬ʦ鱨ҵЩɥа޵ļƷ֮£ʯʦܡ
Ϊ˱סҵȻһˣ뿪н磬ɱУޱȣʯЩ
һתļʯʦܹȻӢޱȣηΪ˱ȫԸԼȻҲˣڰаɱˡ
ʯʦܶӢۣҲǵľˣа޵б͸ùʯʦһУö룬Ҿֱ𣿺õģ˺ûشԼȾֻشһ䣬漴ʯüŪۡ
ͬ⣡
ʯʦΪ˴ңսаޣǵӢۣ
ǣƽʦ־˵˭ɱаޣı͹˭˷׷׾ֱʯ˴ӢۣƽЩĿ˿ֻþͬ⡣
ʯӷ˷ۣҲн糷׷˿˿̴һȴŴ˴ӹ
һ뿪˵ذɣЩȥţǵҲˣƽкһ˸Ͻ򿪴˳ȥʯǳĴ˿Ҳ֪߬ʲôĳ˹ȥ


ʮ Ӳ
ɽʦڽðỤ̃ĻѾڳƺʱҪ
ʯʦôûľ࿴˿Զסİڣֿ˿ʣµļλͬţϲɵȻʧɫ
ѵ̫ûüԬЩɻ
ҿ񣬵ûд󰭣ѵʦ淢ʲôƽɲ˵
ʯ֪ʲô˿ĳһҷ
֣ȻԿף϶ʲôܵģôûҵĵطʯϵõԿף˺ü䣬һ
ŻԽԽʯЩżʣ䣬ʵûоˣ
˵Żʯٴνһ䣬һݣʯЩһ£򵥵ʮŮӣ뼸Ӥһ
һһķţʯһ˼ֱŴæóԿ׳ԣžһ򿪣
ɹˣʯиˣƿź漴ɫһ䣬æס˱ӡ
⴦мһѪأƮɢŴ̱ǵѪζʯϿ̻һЩֵķģԶһֻӣھͱ
аĵطΪʲôöˣȰЩ˷˵ʯתߡ
ۣ֨֨
ףʯһת洫ʲô࣬е󣬵ֲ̫
ʱ򣬻ԽԽ󣬷ڴ̱ǵѪʯЩ̣վϿ뿪˵أתᡣ
ۣ֨֨ƺЩȣ
ˣʲô˳ַ˵ɣܲӳȥͿԼıˣʯ֮ϸһ澹ȻһָССͰ͵Ŀʯò̬Ȼһ޶
ۣ֨֨ʯأСƺܸˣӺ
⡭ʯԺһȻǰڵʱԱȻ̫񣬵оҲࡣ
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ףʶʯ־ȻûŪȥ˿ʯҲֻ˼׺۶ѡ
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ĸָһСܿͰҲ˻ʯɲ˵ԼĿĲϣۺ졣
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û۸ң⼸ЩÿһӶˣ㵣㡭Щʵ˵
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ʯҴææӣҸЦЦ漴һľϣ˿ֻӣ¶˼֮ɫ


ʮ߻ ջķ
ܿ콫˶ĸСˣأʯʢһɷ¿ԣ
㣬ԺٳȥʲôɲҪˣҪȻ浣㣬׷Σյģһ߳Էʯɫ֣ص˵
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ǿɲУǡʯȻ˫Ŀһˣ
ЦЦһǰͽ龳ˣֻʼ޷ﵽ˵ĻһŬģϣԺһֱڰߣ¶ᶨ֮ɫ
̫ˣ㣬ҪУߵһżҾŪһšʯ쳣ˡ
ۣ֨֨
ףѰȥע⵽һǶһӣΪʲôƯСǰһ¶֮ɫ
ץ͸ҵ𣿺ÿɰСӣôôСǰδϲ֮ɫ
ǰ֪ϲСרץ͸ģʯ˵ϾŮӿֻԶѡ
ۣ֨֨
СӺȻ˼һ죬˰Ŀ˿ʯҵҡҡͷ˵ʯ˵һ
ô˵Сһڶһ䡣
ۣ֨֨
СӺȻ˫ĿһգգۣСԴ͵ص˼£¶СƺЦ
Сһɰǵģóɣ̫ˣҸҵԵģ쳣ˡ
⡭ʯüͷһ壺㣬Ҵ򲻿ٰų棡ʯоСһҲɣ˵ġ
ðɣȸŪԵģæ˳ȥ
ôоȶҶģһû극أʯ״ҡҡͷ
֨֨Сӳʯ죬СԴһһӡ
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˷ö߽׻һöշǵƺ۸񲻷ƵӣʯЩ
ãǱסҪûнշ壬Ȼ޷ƻ£ǹǿҲ͸½һɱ
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ѪЧͼߣʱԶ빥ⱻ˷֣ذڻ˸ѪںȻöһֶУ±һöѪУǼ򵥵ĻƤԷҲɣϾ˱̫Ե̺綾öȻûдЧ
ֺֻʯܵƣؼʱһֱûʹãƽ˿ö߽׻ΪʯֶξˣĶ֪
ʯһ˷ջȡֻƿʮһžһö룬һöƷһֻƴСĹͭɫСܡ
öٺ٣ӵֹʧļöˣֻϧ̫󣬿ò˼ˣʯƷЩ
Ҳ鱦ĶơʯЦЦ漴üͷһ壺ϧڵľ޷ʹá
˵ŻһߣͭɫСವһҲ˼£Ȼǵͷ­Сʯ˫Ŀһ
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ˣлֶǲҪãʯֻƿ
ʯǲžƪһЩзٿ֮ȣЩʯͿаΪνֶϣⲻ֪ɢԴȱзҲܵõġ
ף鵤ɼӿ컯ٶȣ껨㡢޸ݡʯصһҩģԼһֶûм
ٺ٣ȻֵҩлһҪѧѧһЩԺٶȣʯЩ˵˵
жʮ񣬺ٺ٣ʯ΢΢һЦбо˷ȻΣգȴջС
Ƭ̣ʯ˫ĿһУֻҪΣգͬҲ޷ָʲô޷£û˭ΪԮ֣ԺһЩһͨ˶Сƣû뵽һԲߣȻαװһʿ
ʱ⴫ʯæ˳ȥ


ʮ˻ 
ô㣿ʯվľԣֻӣԼ봮㽶
С̫ܳˣһ㽶ͷСһﾹȻ˰봮ҲҸˣ³ŻˣЩǵ˵
ʲôԼʡԼõģôһ׳ԷģôܳԣǰǳˣʯԱߣСʯ졣
ңƺ˵ɲ˵һ䡣
ʲôʯЩŰɣСӿڵСһ˵
ãСûᣬһС㽶һ
ɣЦЦСһ벻ˣ
֨֨Сһĵ˵ͷЦһ
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ۣСƲƲ죬ҡСԴ
㲻׼ܣ
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ףƺЩͨ飡ʯЩȻ
㽶гС飬ӷ϶ȥ飬СӸ˲ѣֱͷ
ðɣ㣬ȥǰҴӣСһųԺҲڣ㣡ʯ˵Ż
ȷҪٵӣڣһ۵ϣЩɻĿʯ
ǵģЩƼҲ˳Сһųʯͷ
鱦ٵ⡭Ϸͷһ˵ҡͷѡ
鱦ʯɫһ
дСڻһ鱦任Сһ㶼޵ãҿСһޣôװڻڣʵ
Ŷµӵ˽£νųʯû뵽ﾹȻһ鱦ֲԼҲֺ
Ǻǣ򵥣ڻ޷ʹ鱦Ұ㽫ų˵Ż̧һ㡣
˵һ
΢΢һһڹ⣬漴һǣΪ˰ߣС۾һವһ˳漴˵Ƥӵ£ΪһâޱȵӴܶȥ
ιСһιʯһϽȥ׷
ߣһСңңһץֻԶâһ٣СƺԶҲԶֺ
лϣҪ㣬ˣ֪Ҫ񣿡ʯл
㻹Ҫٵڻ𣿡ʵ
ǾͲˣԺԪϾãʯ˵ͷ
ȻȡСֻǾ֮ͣ㲻ˣֻСȻƺЩͨ飬ССͱٶȾȻ֮죬ϡ档
ˣڻҰСȡСһ￴סˣٶȣ׷治ף˵껰һߣڻϼһС˰ƴСʯ
лǵӸˣʯ˵ͷСӸһ֮¸ϣСӽץס뿪
˿ѽӽʯ·ϣСӺٲʵͰɱˣȻСӶʱʵࡣ
ȥϽˣʯ΢Цƽãڶȥ󽻸
ӭһɫӰʯҪк䳤֮һ㶣漴¶֮ɫ
ףȻ㣿꿴ʯҲһ㶣漴оâһƺ⡣
ʯһɽ֮ʱϵΪ˾飬ʯЩɱ
ѵҲڵӣʯЩɻ
꿴˿ʯȻǻûдﵽԲٺ٣û뵽㾹ȻڣӦµӰɣ¶Ϸ֮ɫ
ѵ㲻ǻʯüͷһ壺ʲô磬ûʲôϵû뵽һ۾ͿԼľ磬Լȴ޷͸ԷҲ֪Էġ
ÿĿǧΣû뵽㣬ҸطúģЩЦЦ
ߣûȤʯʼ磬תҪ뿪׼лһҪ´˵ݣϾɣʯҲ޷䶯֡
վס˺ܲذȻˣǾ̽㣡˵ŻһΣʯʱһɾӳϣ䶯һ¶Щ
ţǰɫӰһԾһȭʯؿڣصһ죬ʯһƺߣ漴Ǳ⣬ͨһˤڵء
ವһ¡
СӳûʯƣһâԶʯûü׷ϣǵʯǰ漴ͷ˿ֻСӡ
ߣûͨȻֶ㲻Ǻ𣿻ĳЩɻǺʱɵģһ
㲻ǻʯվΣɫһ˵ͬʱû뵽ˣ


ʮŻ 
ĳѽԪϾЦЦ
ĳĪǴ˷ûвμӱԣһչصĻΰʯֿǲİһЩ𣬾˵ʵ֮ϡ
Ŷû뵽㾹Ȼ˵ҵ֣һͬչصĿɲֹˣֻЩʵõˣŻȥμӻıԣΰƲƲ졣
ʯ˫ĿһУסʯĳ֪к⣿
⣿ߣ㻵ҵĺ£Ȼǽѵһ٣лᣬɱҲûпܣΰоâһε¶ɱ⡣
ʯһѪӰذţҶֲɣ˵Ǳ֮£Ͳ˵ȥ
ΰͫһߣ˵ȥ𣿿µʱҳ֣ĸңŵȷɱ㣬Ϊѵһ٣ûʲôϵģ
ʯĳԲ˵£ϣҲҪҵ鷳ԺŻַʯüͷһ壬ֲöԷܹԼľ磬ʵ֮ǿȻﵽԪϾ˵˾廯Ϊ֪֪һЩ޷Ķ
ַʸ̸ַδЩˣھ֪֮жĲ࣡˵Żΰһʯ
״ʯһоֶξҲʤˣϾԼԲûдﵽܻһԪϾ
ףʯˣʲôʱԶһ
תһ漴ЦЦϣ
ΰʦֶ˷չػ˳ϲԪϾˣϡ
ʦתתûʲô飡ʯǿۻΰ漴ض˵
Ŷû¾ͻȥúɣΰʦѧѧ΢΢һЦ
ǣӸǣʯ˵껰˫ĿһеĿ˿ΰΰʦ֣ټ˵꣬ʯתȥ
ôΰʦֶʶϿһ䡣
ֻ·µļ䣬ϣǵҲȸˣΰ΢΢һЦתߡ
˾Ȼϵӣ⣬Ժ̫ˣϾϵݣʦҲģȻȴǿԡΰЦӰԶ

ʦʱ֣ҪЩ鷳սֲö룬ԺӲ̫ùˣʯիǰȴͣ
СŪˣϲ֪˵ʯҡҡͷ漴˹ի
ôŻڴľϣ΢ЦĿʯ
㣬ҡʯЩüҰСŪˣһúҵģʱñʦֵҲң
ˣ㿴һЦֻһ죬ָϣһֻȫŽëСӣָ֫СԴʯ졣
ףСһﾹȻˣʯæǰֺֺЦ˵
ǰˣʼһΪһģŻ˵ǸȡְɡСӷϡ
֣һɫëͽнëɣʯЦе˵
ۣ֨֨
СֱվֻǰצӶѣСԴҡĸ˹һǶּ䲻¶һӵĿ⿴˿ʯ
ë֣Сһôͨ飬ɣоôĵ
֨֨
Сֻǰצ˰ı˫֣ضȲͣ˼ʲôȻ˵ͷֱӻѡ
һѡȨ𣿽ͽɣʯЩƵ˵֪СһΪʲôԼô˳ۡ
ˣԺͽ飡˵꣬һ˼˵֪ˡ
æһˣЩϢɣ컹ҪȥҲŽطˣĵ˵һ䡣
ðɣʯ˸оһȷʵۣ漴תԼķȥƺ뵽ʲôȻת˿ǰѺһ
ô˰Щɻ
ʯЩ֮⣬漴˿飬ڵ㣬ԣҲУһ㣬ϾԲܺһ˯
⡭ʲôϾֻһָֻСĺӣʯôһ˵һ졣
ۣ֨֨
Ȼ˼һֻǰצһֻǰצʯָָ㣬ӣʯһ
ʯָŽ麰ʲôУͱ뵥˯˯ܹȥ
һûһأĴ齣ֻҡʯȻסɫ졣
ðɣ飬ʹһ𣬰棡˵꣬εĵ˵ͷ޹ܻ˷䡣
ٺ٣С¿û˸ˣôʰ㣡ʯĿ˿飬־ץ˹ȥһת¶һԿĳ顣


ʮ ֦
ڶһ磬ʯû𴲣ͱ֨֨۵ĸˣ
ٽһ㣡ʯ˯ʵ۾ֽվڴߣһ˫鶯С۾գͣ
ʯ˸Ƿ漴˫ۣ׼˯Ƭ̺ʯȻ˫Ŀĳһƣպǽλá
ವһ
˫һţ̻ΪһâڵԶ棬ֱĳʯֻǰצŶЦһ۾ţ¶һſС
ʯɫû뵽ٴ͵Ϯʧ֣ϾһֱûץСһΪ͵ϮӦóɹû뵽һٳЦ
Էˣһ
㣡ʯϴϣڲֱ˲ϣﱧһԼͷ㽶
ˣмطһ۵ֱСЩ۵˵
ãôƤ˲Ź֣ʯûôע⣬߳Է˵һ䣬˽һࡣ
ЦЦ糿֪ͨȥ󼯺ϣǽ񡣡
֪ˣ˳㿴ܲܰŪһž˲ܽ׻ʯɫһ
Ҳ̫ǿΪ㲻ģ΢΢һЦʯǵ˵ͷ
Թʯֱ󣬴˿̹ƽԬ¡ľѾۼڴˣһӵӣǺңֻˣ
ǰվˣϣԼϣ·ʮӣ
ȣϲܹ˳صţǵĵһ飬˳ͨˣϿ˿ˣ΢΢һЦ˵Щ˵ĵӣЩԤһ㡣
ɹأÿ˿ԵõʮΪӵĶӳңڴ֮˵ӰˣطϿ˿ȺһӰ
֪ҵ̾ϢһʯҲҡҡͷⷽƽԱȽϸģսֿνǰյļã͵ϮҲ˳ֵֻаޣֻܹ鱨ˡ
Žͬţ֮תΪʤҲ´󹦣Ҳӣÿ˶ʮʮǽɫһ˵
лϣӼ뿪ڵңܳͷ˿
лңǸõõģȻʧ󣬵ҲɿһǿʱһԼǿʤؼǿҲһϻ˵
˵ͷϿ˿ƽڵӶӳƽսԲһһ͵Ϯ˵ˣ׵ؽȫץһ
ֻ鱨󣬶ԷȻߣһԲµˣӳֿеŽ̬һֲ˸Եõʮ񡣡
лϡƽͷл
ϵ˵ͷ˷ģʯа޲к޹նɱһ
ͬ޲֮ʱۼʯн磬аޣΪҲԼΣټһ޹ؽȿ
һϷԸƽ
ʯʦܸõõģԭΪ˴ðսаޡ˵꣬˵ͷͬ⡣
ã˷£еӻصź󣬽ٿôᣬʯΪͷȹõһöп֦ܽһö彫ڱôṫϿ˿ʯοЦЦ
лϣΪųǵӸģʯЩƣԭΪõ鱦ϰٿҲǼƷû뵽ֻõһûʲôõƣԼһö֪ʲôõĵҩ
ٺ٣ϲʯʦܣ˵꣬ҲһȵĿʯ
ˣû´ҿɢȥһ´Ҳ֪նûڼǿԼʵǱ֮˵꣬뿪˵ء
ʯҶҽȥȡ񣡡˵껰Ǵ˽ʯЩһᣬĴȺɢȥ
ˣȥϣʯ˵ŻԪϾס֮أ֪ʯϵӣֻͨһϱֵصӷС
ʲô𣿡ڣϿʯһ䡣
ʦδ޽׵龳֪ɷ¾ʵ޷׻ʯȻΪĵҩ
Ŷʯ²̫˽ŵϵĪ˵Ҳܹ˭ģǿžǴϷԸȡδޣֻܵȴԺлΪǱֳɫſԡϽ⵽
ʯҲ֪Ժܵͣ׿ڻشҲʹͷϣ֦֪кô
֦Ǻǣ㻹ĴΪδޣʱúñչ߶˽һЩ֪ʶû뵽֦֪
ۺһ̶ȣԪϣ֦ʵһʵСֻǱȽϵ֮Խ׳ֻӵ֦ߣ֦֮߶鱦УϽ͵
ںԪǲԪϾʯɫһ
֦ȻԪϾԪϾ֦ӲСĳɹʣҲ˵Ǳز֮ֻǴ˵ɱߣܹõ
ɻӣҲ˿ԻõģôϹˣϼһﻹļٺ٣Ͽڵ
ԭˣʯʱԭһɨգû뵽˷õؽ
̫磬˷ȻͲС֦ҲЩˣ೤ϷԣϾֻһˣԣúñ֣Ҫǳʲôӣô֮ʱΪʦΪȡЦЦ
лʦӶȻʦ࣡ʯɫһо϶ԼĵĺãڿĿġ
ǺǣлңֲãɫΪʦȻὫˣԣԼŬĳɹҲõģ֦òǿԵõһ鱦Ϊġ͵˵
ʦҪɽһˣʯȻһתЩ黹ҪԣǻЦݣƺЩΪ֮ɫ


ʮһ ϵĸ
ɽɻ֪ɽΪ£ΪβаȡսԪϾ
ʯһת飬Ȼ˵ȥԼܱ֪¶鷳
ʦӳȥ׼ѰҼֲϣһ˳㿴ͬھӣ˽һЩԸʯɫһ
ðɣϷһ𣬾˵ҵķԸڱصţ򽫻ôᣡ˵Żʯһơ
лʦʯ˵
˼Ƭ̣ϺȻʣΰǷʶѵʲôڣ
⡭ʯɫ֣صʦӲǷ˵˵˼Ҳһš
˵Ϊʦб𣡡üͷһ塣
ʦɻǵõӵһɽ·һʯŽһ顣
ʲô£ϳĬãɫò󻺻ڵʯԺҪ𣬷ĻȻ鷳ʱΪʦҲԱס㣡
ôأʯû뵽ôӡ
ʣԺװ֪ͺãסڱϻû£Ȼȥɣʯлһתȥ
ĬƬ̣˫ĿһУҡͷСӣԺҪЩ鷳ǲܾԪϾϻһ٣¶֮ɫ

Ҫȥ˿ʯ
õģȥ¾ͻˣʯο
Ǻðɣ·СģȻȰʲô
ҵôߣһ࣡ʯһ˵꣬ǳʯҡҡͷ˼ǲͬ⡣
㣬˵ɣͬĻԺͲҪˣ߾͵ôʯɫ֣أεĵ˵ͷ
ۣ֨֨ǿҷԡ
Чʯʼ磺ͬĻھͰ㶪ȥֺֺЦȰ˵˼䣬մӦ
Ҫ֤潫ˣҪӦңһҪȫĴɫ֣ص˵
ٺ٣İ㣬ôðѽ鶪ʯӦһֽ˼䣬óһװһЩˮ
ವһ
黯һâڵʯֱϣצһ㣬ץסʯʳָǲעʵԷ֡
·Сģû̫ࡣ
֪ˣڼҲҪչ˺Լһᾡģʯ˵껰뿪˹իɽźֱ˳뿪ɽš
һθ·Ǻ˳񻯺ȫУٶҲ˲٣ʮպǷ˹Ż壬ʯֱ
ǣʯӰһ׷ߣƣһ꣬ɫҰףЩһľ֮ϡ
ҲİɣȮӵˣȲһҺĵ׷ԲԵߺǿһǸʵˡ
ŶĵӣȰ㿴һ£ʯû⣬˷ҽգһֱû¶
㣿ɣЩɣɫ԰׵꿴ûʲô˵ƾʯ飬ʯȹ֮ʱ۵һ졣
СֵܣҪǲᣬǵʦɣǿ˵һ䣬Ҳûʲô棬ʯСԳĵӣҲҵ
Ƭ̺ʯüԼ鲻ƣһǶҽ˽٣ֻƼҽûдﵽԪϾ޷ӣ֪˵ˡ
ɣȰֹʹʯ˵Żľҳҽҩ䣬ֹһöֹʹճɻһϵСˮС
Ƚˮ£ٰȫһ£ʯڵüͷЩŰɣǹԹԵĽˮȵ
˻ĹˣлСҽС룬¶֮ɫɣ߸ϲ⣬лѡ
ÿˣʯ΢Цֲ˵飬ʯǺ˵ģ漴˼ҳ
ǾǹŻˣֻǸΪһũΪʱЩģ궼æٽύʲôˣСҽ²ϵǡߺһЦ
Ŷʶʯ£һ䡣
ȻʶҪͷǰʱϷ򻹰סٺ١߻
ʲôǰǱˣʯЩɻ
ٺ٣Сҽ֪Ӧǲ£ǱǱˣǰŻ壬ǻ֪Ƿҽ
һھˣѳ֣֪Ƿҽֻƽʱٳ֣һЩȨƵˣҲȥóܶĺô
һҲûпҽݣЩˣεģǹŻ¸صˣԼϷҲҪƺһɣ߻
ԭˣʯ˼˵һ䡣
ˡƺ˵ʲôʱ򣬴ſӰһӰ˽ʯ΢΢һ£漴¡
ʲôʱģһ䡣
ջڣˣҾͰֹʹʯ˵껰˵ͷ漴긽˿˵Ȳ
ʵڲ˼ֻ鷳ˣƺЩ˼ЦҲһ֮ɫ
޷ִҽҩ䣬漴һöʯûмķƬ̺仺˴ָ˼¡
ȥ޴󰭣⼸첻Ҫ´Ը
л˸л˼䣬뿪˴˴
ʯľ֮ϣƷһ裺ƾ鵤
ԣʯһԼĿĵȷֵҩû뵽һ۾Ϳ˳䲻Щȡ
ٺ٣ķֵۣҩҶƣʯҲûתĨǣЦ˵
Ϊ뿪ɲװɣ֪ô˵ģƺһ䡣
ʯЦЦȷףʦֻ˵ѰҼϣ˳㿴һЩھӣûᵽ
ŶСӻ飡¶Цݣĵ˵ͷ
ٺ٣Ȼͷñ˴ģʯ᲻˽˼ز¶
ȷһֵҩ²豭˵һ䡣
Ϊͽ̣ʯҲɫһϾֵҩһŶóһŪ
⣬Щҿ͸Ī˵һ䡣
ʯصҲһ㣬Ҳһֱ͸ΪˣʯҲû˵̫ࡣ
ĬƬ̣ɫòȻЦЦʯ֣صܻ飬Ҳܴϴֳ츳Ҳ
鵤û⣬ҲǺѣ֦ϷҲͨһֻǣЩҩϷӲˣϴοԣ㶮á
Ŷǲ֪߸ʲôۣſϴֵҩ֮һ˵֦ʯǸӸоһ㣬ֻǶ˺ǣ˭ҲûеƶԷ


ʮ 
ǰһŷֽ˷һЩīãҪҼٺ٣Це˵
ԣʯ۾һɣҿǰҽεģ㷴ҵķãʲô
ʲôҾһ仰ҵķֽ˭ˣһź룬ÿɷĵԣ
ʯƲƲ죺ͳҲû˷ѣβѧãѧҽͷһθΣٺ١ʯûּ̫࣬˵ĸо
״˵ͷһ䣬ֻɫٺ٣Լˣ˷ûʲôӻѵĿԩ
úôС˼ƽϣ˷Ը⣡ʯһгЦݣЩë֪ͷ׼ˣʲô
ѧ΢Ц
֪ʲôҪ󣡡ʯһ˼˱һΡ
Ӧһڵ
һҵҲǲ֪ǲҪ̫̣ʯС˵±ס
ûЦ֣ʯϷû㿪Ц˵֮ײˡ
ʯתоƺЩ⣬ѯʵ֪ʲôҪ󣿡
˵ҵ飡ڵ
ôңʯЩɻ
˵Ϸ飬СûͿ壬Ϸһ˵ȥҲûʲôôЦе˵
ĬãʯȻ˵ȫ˽⣬ĿǰԼûʲô⣬ѸΣƷȻȥֻԼϵϿɣʯɲҹͬ
ʯüͷһ塣
ֻ˫Σ㲻˵ϷϷȻ㱣ܣԺϷĵҩÿһֶҪѸϷʮųƷҩҾͻᴫһ֡ٴ¶ζЦݡ
ѿʯһϺ꣬ȥȻܰװ״ԼԼϸԷͽ׵ҩã߽׵ҩԼղʮŵĲϣԺԺ˵˵ԼҲʵû취Ū
ãҴӦ㣡ʯɫһ֪߿ƺֵҩҽЩ
ٺ٣Ϸһף൤ֵĺãϷ׶͸㣬ϷἸֶѡۺ룬΢Ц
ðɣѧϰȻѧϰ鵤ʯɫһ˵
ã˵ŻǴʯ˵¯ϰŪһֻԭͨͨ¯ȻϼһΪ˴֮ɫܲһЩͼǶĿ
רõһ뵤¯ͬƷףͨҩʹͨ棬鵤ͨ޷Ƴġ
ҵȾ粻޷߷߽׻棬ֻ¯󷨴棬ԶС¶ȣȶҲҪֻ߳࣬ٿؼɣ⵽ʯϸÿһʹò裬Լԡ
û뵽ȱʯͷû˵
óһžʯڵǾ鵤֮ԼòϣԼȥҩ԰ժҩıãʣӦӳɹƳһŵģʹõҩ㰴ճɱ⳥ɣ
ˣҩĲҪҶ
˵껰뿪ʯҲûж˵ʲô֪Ĺأҩ԰֮󣬵оһŨҩ
ವһ
ʱһâʯڼ漴ڵ滯һָֻССӣǽ飬ҩ԰С
ףҪǲ֣ǰСһˣٺ٣ҪܣܶҿҲ㣡ʯһרĵоֵǴ¶һ֮ɫ⵹ʯЩ⣬Ҳûж롣
߰պʯμסֵҩ֮Լҩ漴ǲժ˳ҩģʯü
ٺ٣Ҳ濴ңôҩҲƳɹϴҪǽûҩȫ죬Ƴſġʯ˿Щûгҩģ¶ζЦݡ
ҲգҲãʧܵĻЩҩɡʯ˵ŻһҩĬĬ˼Ƭ̣ǿʼ˵ҩ

һºոմľϣ˫Ŀ΢е˼ʲô
Сûܹ壬ֻģ϶Ȼܣϴαǿȴ˵ЩϷĻ֪Ǻ˼˼˵
СȻ㲻ʵƷвϷҩ԰ûʲôֽ͵֮¡
Ϊһİ˷һŷֽԻơϴųҩģȻƳſʻԡƷһ裬ڿǴ¡
˼Ƭ̣΢΢һЦ˵˵û뵽ȻܹŪһꡮī黨ٺ٣һ£ҲӦóˣʱͿֵҩˡ
һᵽī黨쳣ƺǿҩ
Ȼʯϴ̣ҩ԰ɵ۽һУϷҩ԰￴űȽϷģСӺ֮£ǿī黨̣ˣ
˵ŻҴҵʯ㶵վҩ԰ſڣһ˿ɻ󣬸Ͻҩ԰һۡ
һȥֻǰһڣһЩˤǿѪû³Ī˵ǿī黨ɣҩ԰гҩȫʧδҩҲֻʣһЩͨƷ֡
С˵ϷƴˣŭһӶ漴ʯĳһơ
ȿȣס֣ᣬⶼᣡʯع붼ʩչæӴܶȥ


ʮ 
ವһ
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ף㣿ʱһŮڸһòűɫȹŮһǸǧ


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ûҲǲӵҲ˼ɵҵݣһֱ׷ŲţлỹҪлһģʯ˵껰һƬڼٴڳ


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գµӵıôᣬֳɫģõؽ˴ģطԪɫȻŭ˵


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֪кβףϻ˵Ԫɫһֱûп˵΢üͷĿ˿γϡ
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ߣɻһӣζͬУȻ˽֮ĹڣŻֻȥߡ
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ʲôγϵ˫ĿһЩɲĿʯ
⡭ʯתȷڳҲʶԼСֻǵҲֻˡ
ʯڳһίı飺ܺǰŻʱ䣬ܰǰͻʩչģĪǰʩѹ̫¸ߣⵣǰ𷣣
ǺǣϷ֤ʯȷŲ֮꣬ǰ綼δôʩչģЦЦ˼֮ɫĿʯ
ߣѵ˵ƭϷ򲻳ɣܺŭⲻ
ܵѵ˼ǣϷ˵ƭ㲻ɣԵ
ĵӣάҲܺһ˦صλ˫Ŀŭʯ
Ϸ˵仰֪ܵǷţʱԪ˫Ŀ΢ڵ
ȻڴϿڣĳȻŵùϾϿ϶˵ģܺ˵ֵʱ򣬹
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лγϣʯһ䡣
γϿ˿Ԫü黹ûȻʯϾ黹ûнһܺҲЩ鷳֦ѹһѹ˽飡


ʮ˻ ϵľ
ߣɽºθɣýҪģɫһ壬˵Ŀ˿γϡ
ˣѵλǵ꣬ʦͽܵ𣿡γɫһŮҲǸõõ֮ʱɡ
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вʧһǱĵӣװ˷һ֦Ҫ֪֦ɲǾɱȣλҲ̶֪ȣ
ԣɵĵ˵ͷʯаޣȴƫƫγûʲô취ֻܽŭĵס
ƺҪ˵ЩʲôԪҲڵȴŴϿڣʯĬĬ
ʦ֮ǽҲһʱģɣƿȷʯ֦ȴ˼飡Ԫһγ϶ʱֳһĨЦ⡣
üͷһ壬೤ϵû̫һγϵĻ޵ڶʯԼӣ˭Ϊȥʹϳ
ˣ꽱󣬴ҿɢˣл˵ϷԸϣϱǽ˵ĽųȥʯֻǵõһƣҲ֪˵ʲô˱뿪˴

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ۣ֨֨
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֨֨һйƤһСֻΪָСҼæҡҡͷ֤Լʲô֡
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ΪڼŰʱЩƷҲһЩͬŽģȻ֪һЩϢ
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˵һµԺԼ֦ģʱγϻʲô˵ϻΰҲõˣʯ˼˵


ʮŻ 
ˣʯֽīʱ⴫
ʯæӦһ漴ľ֮ϣʯ΢΢һЦǹɵĻصԼķ䡣
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˷ûеõ֦ӦúʧɣϿһ䡣
һתʯЩʧҲ˵ӸĶлʦڱôϳά
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ʦʣһʵش𣡡ʯɫһӦǴ˵ʲô¶ҲǺԼ
ܺԸǳı꣬ɲ˼ʲôݶԵͽ׳֣˵ƭܺ꣬ʵشΪʦ֮ǰߵ۳С򣿡üͷ΢壬ɫ֣صʵ
ʯһתҡͷʦԵҲЩƫܺǰ˳ҵ
û˵ʯã֮ɫ󻺻γȻЩϾǳϣƽʱΪ㡣
ǻΰǵӣزԣп鷳ֻҪǻɱͬţΪʦҲöܵģΪŲֹһЩĦϾҲһֶ
ʦһɱѵҲ𣿡ʯһ䡣
֤ݣΪʦŹҲŹû֤ݣΪʦҲûа취ԣһҪСģ̾ϢΪʯıΰɱ
ʯһʵԼʵıǷ𸴣ҲζԼֻҪ֪ĻɱΰôҲԼûа취ȻĿǰûζԺ
ʯƺЩʲôЦصģǽ׵ԪϾĵӣҪɽһſɻصţΰѾ뿪ˡ
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ʯЩû뵽Լֵ֦ͱܺγ϶ˣ֪Ͼġ
ˣ˵Ϊʦ˵ˣǸˣӦ֪ôŲͬͨˣʵֻеԪϾߡ
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ʱʯΪǰȥ׼зһһִǳСط
ֱ֮ӽҪﴫԷԺ治÷κν֮µľֶΡ
һ磬ʯһǴĲ鲻ԸĽ飬ɽŴľ˼ϡ
ʯʦܣ͵ˣӿʯ֮󣬱ԶԶĴһк
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ģѾʦкֻҪɽŵǼһ¾ͺãģƽЦЦӴ˷ɹƽӣҲûʲô
Ǿͺãʯ˵ͷɽŴõǼǣ漴һʮˣ뿪ڣȷȥʯǻǷһʱ䲢ԼҪ黹кܶ࣬»治һã


ڰʮ 
һƬֱԵһɽȣȵ׹ľһֻֻɫʰ쵵ĺ˶ޣɽڲʱ֣߿մʱһֻֻ˶󣬳ࡣ
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ʯһǰյѧϰһнֵ֮Ҳѣֻǵ֮תΪ֮֮һγһֻ֣죬ʯǵһ˵˾ȵı飬ƺ˱Сӡ
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أһ½𣬼ʮͷɫͬʱԭȹ̵ɫ΢΢һ漴һζ
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ڰʮ ֮ս£
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һ߹һάнɣ˭ҪȺЩƤ͹˭СƽȻ˵䣬˭Ҳûܸʮƥɫǡ
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֮ԣҲǹ۲漴һϴžɲ֮ɫתΪϲ֮⣬ԽԽٵȺƺʤ⣬ʯҲЩͬһ˿֮⡣
۵һѪӰذһƥǰצһģΪķ֮ʱֻذϺâһȻӲնһֻצûؿڣƥǵز
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أǼƥɫǵز״һУȺٺˣ漴Ǹ죬ʧ˺ڰ֮С
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ƽʦֿˣʦܴδ·ϣҲ㣬ʦܳ˹ƽʦ֣Щ³çˡʯû뵽ƽȻʾá
˵ʵһ˻ܣʦЩԹԣڣʯʦܵʵʦһϳˣ㷽Ŵ߶ذ׵Ǵﵽ˻Բ˰ɣƽɫһ˵
ԣʯһʵղŸûȫƺǱۺ٣ʯҲû
ǰ鵤Ҵﵽ˻Բʯ΢Ц˵֮꣬ĿǴޱȵ𾪣û뵽ʯ֮죬һ뵽鵤ҲȻ
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ۣ֨֨
֮ʱ˭Ҳûע⵽һ˫ɺ˫ĿڰˣƺѰʲôһ㣡


ڰʮ ӥ
лľʦˣȻҶгƤÿһŰɣʣµʦܾȫˣ֪ûʯụ̂üƤĻԵ黹Ǻܻġ
ʲôͬģԭͲǵķݣȻʦ˴󷽣ǿЩ֣ƤȫɣӹЦ
ãʹ֣ľ˵Żǳн磬漴׼졣
ۣ֨֨
ٴδʯ̽ͷʯһ죬ָָԶ֣һ׶ı飬ſƺҪҧһ㡣
˵ڻޣҺʯ̽ʵ˫Ŀһæ˵ͷͶʦһ񣬺˵ʯλ̫ҵ˼ˡ
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˿֮׼æ뿪֣ʯæڵľʦ㣬ȲҪ죬ƺڶǡ
棿ľЩɻ
ʯʦܽΪ֪оԶΣƽҲЩţǿԪϾܰ쵽飬ֻʯĶԻ˵ûз֡
²ˣҲֻΪ˴ҵİȫ룬ⱻ͵Ϯʯɫһ
ٺ٣ʯʦ̫Сˣ취ǾȲҪˣȽЩƤ˵ɣһĵ˵Ҳǵ˵ͷ漴׷жһ߾Ƥ¡
ƽԬ¡ľࡢԼʯȻûһ޳ƤҲǰ˽ʮͷʬϵһѳһСɽ
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ͨڵͽףǲ֪൱ʲô𣿡ʯһ䡣
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ͨ޼Ϊ֮Ϊᾧڡޣ൱ԪϾޡʯʦСģľ໰û˵꣬ɫһĺһ䡣
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һֻޣԼҪֶ֣治һܹģһ޷ȻԼôĶ֪ʯͷֺ飬Щ
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ãͨڸ߽׵ӥǿűߣƽɫ˵ֻ˻µĶޣûע⵽µӥ


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৵һӥ˫һȣŸ߿շȥʯĻѪɫذһնգûӥ
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죬ɫһΣǱӥץѺۣâһֱǿ
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һһذӥһնֻצһץǽɫذһץ飬Ѫɫذֱӱץס漴һ֮£ǽѪӰذɵԶǰֻľߣǱһ׵Ľٵ
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죬ֻŸذһ룬Ǳӥצס˻ȥϼ˸֮䣬޷˺ӥ˿
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ʦˣҵͬţʦеȻᾡʦֵģʯľ΢΢һЦ˸ڷȥ


ڰʮ ܼ
ڣի
ʯһڴػصһڴڵϣʯڴ£ˮ˹˵ĺ˼ڣһƨϡ
ٺ٣ЩƤŷֽˣֻϧмֽƤûмţʯ˿ԵĴӣЦЦ
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ʯЩƤǳۣҲһٶջҪȱ˶һЩʯЩƤƳɷֽһЩƤļ۸񽫻ᷭܰзֽٿ
Ƥһٶ񣬱ɷֽҲֻܳٶŷֽƳɷ۳ȥٺ٣Ҳٿ񣡡ʯ΢ЦĴ̣ڷ˳
ˣô˷˳ûˡûйʯжջ񣬵һ仰ǹʯİΣ
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ʱ䣬ʯŽƤָϣڵ飬ЩƤˮڼ䣬ʯûţ󣬴һЩҩԼҩļ۸
ѯˣ빺ʲôûȥԼ۸ɣôֵҩԼҩһʱҲ˵꣬ͻɣڣһֵصӸʯùһСӣʯϸо
ʱ䣬ʯǽԼҩܿһ飬䲻զ࣬صĵҩжʮֱ֣ż۸񣬹Ч÷û֮ϧǣʯÿһֵҩҲ
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ҽϾͨˣͨˣЩҽЩãƵĶҪЩĵҩУлҪúѧѧʯ˵ֿ꣬˿Щҩܡ
ͨһЩأʯ˽⵽˰ҩĵԣ״۸ȣ˽⵽ī黨;۸
ī黨̱Ԫˡ˵ȾЧʮݡǧ񣿡ʯզֲ࣬õͷôƢԼ̣ǧ
ǰʯȻɻΪλҩֻڣʯǷԽ͸ˣӵصҩʯǲ̫еϡ档
պʯҩоһЩøõƤҲѾˮϣʯǽ׼õɽ¶ȡƤС
ɽ¶ֽһҺ壬Һ彫ƤݻԺڷ֮ƤȻޱȣſɷֽ
ֵһЩʱգоʱʯǿʼŲ˿ֽؼһ轫עƤУ֮俾ɣһСľͻʧʡ
ʯľͰȡһƤһ֮£һŵɫְգ䲢ûͨΪ˿̻洿ԽԽá
һߣעƤ֮ڣŵɫ򿿽ǲžطʯʼ˷ֽ
۵һƤ֮ʣҲ֪̫򣬻¶̫ߣƤȻȼһŻ棬ΪҽɢգʯЩ۵졣
η飬ʯ˻¶ȣԼƤ֮ľ룬ʮŷֽҲֻʧŶѣ൱ĽʯҲ̫⡣
ʯڲʮСգƷֽҲʼ̽Եһţӵţһοͬʱʮš
ºʯȫϵķֽ¶ϧ֮ɫû뵽ԤƵʧʻҪߣȻɹô١
мͽ׷ֽʮţͼ׷ֽʮţͼ߽׷ֽʮţͼн׷ֽʮţжʮŵͽ׷ֻֽҽˣ߹ʹá
ٶŷֽҲٶ񣬺ٺ٣Ҳ˷Щʱ䣡
Ϣ죬ʯƳ˶ʮŸ߽׻ʮŸ߽׽շʮŶ׻ʮŶ׽շн׽շʮţĿǰʯַֻ˲ٵķֽ׼ѧϰһЩ

һգʯǰͣ
Ҫʯʦܣȱ𣿲ҽ㣬ֶȥ̫ϧˣ˽Գ۶Ҫģʯ׼۷æҡͷȰ
ǺǣͲõˣֻû뵽˽ԳۣҪܵƣҪŵķˣǲָ֪߽׻һö
ʯóһö߽׻Ҳ֮ǰɱаʱʹù֣ʯĲ²⣬ȻҪȷֽļ۸࣬ʮ
ҡҡͷʧʼߣַҪʮһöһ˸𣬱ϾƷԳʹã˽Գۣʮʮ񡣡
ʲôʮ񣿡ʯ˫Ŀһɣһʮһö߽׻Ȼ߼ۣԼǷˣ
ΪʯӼ۸ˣڵɾֹأʦߵģûֵͼӶ
Ƴɹ̫֮ͣһɹʾͲˣԼ۸ȻҪߣΪʮöܳɹöƲƲ졣
ʯЩӣһʮöɹöҪͬ˵ֻĳɵĳɹʣԼʮһöԼԤƵʮҲûʲô̫ķֱԼֻռ˳ɹʵıˣȻܴ׬һʡ
ʯ쳣ˣȡһö׷ֽƳĻһЦʵ㿴ⶥ׻۸񣿡ʯЩڴ
ѵΪѸ߽׷Ļڶ׷ֽϣǶ׻ˣʯʦܣҪǵ׻ֵģ˴󵱣һﲻǰ׳վǸƭӣ
ȿȣʯԣһڵĸɿǿѪĳ嶯Щһӣ


ڰʮ ҩ԰
˵ⲻǶ׻ʯ֮ɫ
ȻǣƲƲ죺ֻǽƸ߽׻ַԼĻ˶׷ֽϣ䷢ӵǸ߽׻㲻ö׻
ÿһȼķвͬķĻַȻҲᣬһ֪ģӵСַžá
ڷֻֽһˣ֮ӡƶ׷֮ʱõͽ׷ֽҲףزס߽׷ڷӡȼ١
ʲôȼķʹöӦķֽÿһȼķŲͬĻַ٩٩̸˵
ûԷôоʯЩ⣬ȴڵѪԼװ˷˶ʮŶ׷ֻֽ߽ܵ׻ˡ
תһʯҲֻĬϣĿǰԼյķֻ֣Ŀǰ޷ƣ֮١
ٺ٣ҺΰǼһϵȽϺãҽһЩƷ飬ˣʯʦǧҪ߱ˣʦѧϰĵӣѧϰ֮ˣǲɻഫڣǴŹ档ӷԼ˵ʲô
Ź棿Ϊ⻹ҪȫѧϰǸã˵ȻŹ棬ҸЩʯЩ⡣
ٺ٣磬һڵģʵҲΪǺãѧϰ̫࣬ǷģӶʲôѧáӿڵ
ǶѧˣɣʯһŲµһЩһ˶ƷԺ˭ȥ
ʯʦ̫ˣ뿴ҪƸ߽׻ûиĻ붼룬һֻ֮һĳɹʡ
۸ߣھ֮ûⷽ츳˷ʱ䲻ȥѧϰƷ
츳ͱյ󵱵ˣȻƳķҪۣһ㽫ǸʦҲͻķˡӽ͵
ҲЩʯ˼˵ʱ䣬֮һĳɹʣ˷˴īֽʮ治ߣֻЩ˿𣬱ϾеûУʲôˡ
ʯʦܣһö߽׻ҰɣǰЩʱոһʣʮ߽׻֮ˣɫһ˼Ҫԭ۹
ʯһתȻ⣬Цӣ㵱ѣԾ͸ʵɣʶһλѣרƷ
߽׻˲٣޳֮أҰϵңԺͰʮ㣬Լ⣬ģ
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ɽҽˣʯʦܣ˵㻰ұ˰ˣЩ˵
ãö߽׻ö㶼ȥ۰ɣʱ򽻸һʮͺãʯóö߽׻׼üԡ
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Ӱ»ǺЧʵģֻһʱ䣬ͽö˷˳ȥ׬˶ʮ
Щӷ֮ʱǱտڲᣬ±ֱȥʯԼĲ·
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ʯȻһЩҲȫóⱻ˷ʲôõ߰ٶ񣬼ԭеģ°˰ٿ
㣬һٿԺǲʲôˣܻӭʯóһٿ
õôࣿ˵һʮ鶼޲µģ⼸ҲȥȡŷŵҵļһҲ͸պǿάƣЩš
ٺ٣ͲòˣԺӻԽԽõģ㣬ȳȥһ£ʯ˵껰һֻڴֱ
λʦ֣ҩģʯڵ
һŻۣĸݵ˵ͷʲôҩģʲôݣ
嵥ʯҲû˵óһݲ嵥
ЩɻĿ˿ʯҪ֪һӹҩҲ֣ò嵥ģһ̣һ
λʦܣϴνĵҩĽܣѵûͻˣЩҩȻûģ۸ҲܳܵģҪٿ񣡡ҡͷ
ʦ˽⣬ʦֿܹɣʯЦЦ
Եȣ겻ٶԣϸһ£ڵʮ񣡡
պʮʦֹĿʯŵĴڴ߲꣬¶ɻ֮ɫ֮󣬿ʯһЩ仯
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Сҩ԰ʯɻʵ
ģһЩԪϾʦ֣ЩõһЩĵһ䵤
ҪҩĹӦʱΪ˷ֹѧᵤٵһСҩ԰ҩģСȡãҲԸҩͯΪ͵
£ʯһȥ󲻺ôСҩ԰Ǽֱٺòˡ
֪Щҩģʺʲôҩ԰ʯһ䡣
ŶһʽСҩ԰ӣҴʦȥһۣ˵꣬ʯֱӴȣһʯʽֱܷȣÿԶһŻ
ʦ룬ʦֵһСҩ԰ΪǴŻָָһʯŵķ䣬ʯͷ˽ȥ
һŨҩʯ̫󣬹߰ɵӣһЩɫʣֲһЩ׳ҩģﶥһЩСף͸⡣
ñ˴ܷʯʵ
ʦܣñ˴Ļҩ԰Կ׾ͽԼܣǴŻ˭Ҳѽõƻʲôһرʯţ˸޷롣꿪ڵ
һʯãʯʵ
Сҩ԰һһ£һǧһ꣬ʦܳ˴󷽣Ӧˣٺ٣Ҳ˲٣Ц
⡭ʯ˶٣ЦɣͷʦЩ֣ҽҩֲ
Ǳ͸ģʦҪȸſɣ˵껰ʯϽеİȡһٿ񣬻˼ҩͯСĽҩֲʯõҩ԰
ʯӹԿ׺󣬻ȥҩ԰ҩģʯ¶Ц˰ٿ񣬾Ȼһͱˣ
Ƭ̣ʯǽҩ԰ʯŹرգһöɫʯһӣһ㵭Ĺϼȫ޷֮ʯҩ԰м
Ѵﵽ˻ԲΪû֦ԴзҲʵû̫ɱֻܽĿ֦ˣֻ֮ǰҪȰƳ˳һַϾʯʵһ㡣
ʱѾȥĸ£ò˶ãǻΰ¾ҪˣҪץʱУԱϣʯ컯¶ҩҦϣֵصĻ꣬ѯʲô


ڰʮ߻ 
ŶЩҩ𣿡ڣҦϿеĲ嵥
ʦֻҪ嵥ϵҩģ깧Ļش
ݷɣȥɣҦϷԸһתȥ
ЩҩĴ󲿷ֶƾãһЩҩļ룬ɲжʲôҩˣ˸ߵˮƽҦ˼˵
Ƭ̣ҦЦЦСеõ˵뼸ٿҩԹһЩδģ׼
ٺ٣Ҫڴ£һ㲻ߵˮ׼˷ˣҲ̫ˣҦʼ磬豭Ʒһڡ

ʮҩ԰ڣ
ʯ˫ĿգǰһεεɫҺ壬ֲӪԪ۳컯¶·ÿһֲϡ
Ƭ̺ʯ˫Ŀһ˿һſŻδҩģɵüǵõҩģԼͨҩģֻҪһ컯¶ڻͿԴ졣
ƾҩģ컯¶˰ңҩ٣ʼʱڴЧ
εķĥʯһЩɣͨҩһԳ죬ǰʯĻ±Ȼ죬ʹ컯¶ڱɴ졣һ컯¶һµĳڡ
ЩҩҩеҪ߰ܳ죬ʯģǲһųҩԼʹһ컯¶Ҳֻ̼µʱ䣬Դ졣
ʹü컯¶һڳ죬Ҫҩľݣ費ͬӪԣʩӲͬ컯¶УһԽʲôˣʯ˵껰Ǽ컯¶Ʈɢƾҩ֮ϡ
ֹ˰£ʯͣ΢ЦĿҩ԰ֹһЩҩ԰ڵҩ࣬һ±˿嵥ҲԲ²׼ƺֵҩ
һʱ䣬ʯ˲컯¶ʩ˸Ҫҩ֮ϣʯ£ǵȴҩ죬ʩӵĴ컯¶Ԥٹ£ҩͻ½ʼˣеһЩ
ٺ٣Щҩ۸ٷıֱƤɷֽҪƳҩĻǱȵҩܷʮļ۸񡣡ʯоԺҩɱ׬ȡҪ죬һȫ
˼Ƭ̣ʯȻյӥ䲻˫ĿһУǰصƣӵˣ֮ȻǱľֶΣϧû֦û鱦գ
ʯͷ˼ĬãȻ˫ĿһץһľŸ߿һӣžһ
ʯЩ֪ܲһ㣬ʹô֮һ𳵶һӦòѣ
˵ŻʯһУԶľವһ䵽У˫Ŀ΢е˵ֻҪųĴżӦþͿ÷ų֮һԲͬĴżһתƶλ󡣡
˵Żʯһʼ˫Ŀһ֮£ӦؼԪطӣľϼӳųĴż
ǿġζģǴһǰδеʧ뿲Ǵ˿﷦ζĴһδεʧܣʯûз
˰ºеҩѾʼ죬ʯǰһľವһɵʯﶥƺһƺ䱾ڸߴӦõڵϣǽľȫʧȥ
ڳɹˣʯЩ˵ֻüͷ΢壬ܼӳַżľżųգȴղյĸ߶ȡ
ֻһļٴżգȫķɵﶥ磬ľ·ɵøߣȫ߶ľɶģʡƽʱиҲô
ʯԣݲͬ壬ӳֲͬĴżһľӳһżգǻ壬ҪӳָĴż棬ա
ʱţֹ˰µʱ䣬ʯǰֱһľһֻʯʣ߽һи߽ٴˣᾪȵĿܹգ֮иǱһĪԵųŵϵ
Ҳһˣи֣ͽʯ΢΢һЦ
أľʯʵڵأͬһʱ䣬ʯһĪ֣ԭϥڵص壬ȻλƵķ˵棬Ȼǽ֮ӳԼϡ
ֻЧƺȶʯߺͣңʱһ͵İâ󼸺ֱһǽ֮ײ˹ȥ
Ҫ
صһ
û˵꣬ʯ˫Ŀһɣڰɼбɶײǽϣ̼˼СĴǰ˻Ƥ
ʯעɢӳϵųżһɢ˳ǽڱǵڵأͨһصſ˵棬һҳ
ȿȡңһˣʯǱ̧ͷϺմһЦ¶һڰڴˣҲϲ˭


ڰʮ˻ Ŷ
ʯĴ˼»ҳĨһӣ¶˼֮ɫ
ȻգҲֻǼ򵥵ķҪ֪֮صһС֣ܷȴƶλãҲֻܸ˵ӴĻܱ
ǼӳԼϵֻǴżų֮ǵϽɳ壬ĻԼСӰɳܲˡ
ʯַֻ۳ųų֮Χ£ӳΧǰԼɲżų֮ĳ壬Է۵ӻȴʵһ
βܲƶڰյƶУ
Ƭ̣ʯ˫Ŀһƺ뵽ʲô˫һ֮£ĵķ۶ĵһԽγһd״糵㻺ת

ºԪ
Ԫ·֪˵ʲôһ㶡
Ȼ飿ԪҡͷЦЦСӿҪסˣʦӣһҲ̫ö˵ʲô
ϷģѸϿЦһ
ΰ֮СĦԼɣûĥҲѳЩСǲҪˣʱලһԪϾӣԪϰֵ
ˣϣٹʱ䣬ӦþҪٿˣǰѽӵźɶѾ׼Ҳ׼һˣ˼˵
ҴӰ첻С˵ǸһԪϾӱԼգҲһɳͷĻᣬҪǣʤɶõĽˣζʲôɲμӣԪϿڵ
˼ʸμɣҲʮѣҲո֡
Ĺȡڹɽ¶ɽɡšң壬ڣ˴ɣǴ˷лǰģ
ô⣬ʮǰᣬڹɽһСɣҶΪȥ֣ѹڣǰ嶼ûнȥνͻȻɱһƥһԾΪĴɣҲΪ˴ָİ˴֮һ
ֻʣһʱ䣬ǰȥԪϾμӱĵרıչأμ㲻ܵõǰĽҲҪǰΣڴĸҲԪɫ֣ص˵ƺἫӣ

ҩ԰ڣ
һתۣʯҩ԰Ѿĸµʱ䣬ʱƾҩҲȫ죬ʯȴǲû뿪ҩ԰һֱʲô
Уʯ˫ֵһ֮£ΰâһವһǳҩ԰һˡ
ϸ۲֣ᷢ䱳ĵһһd״ͬ糵תѣܲʱּɫ쭷磬ǿз֮ɢХ֮
ֶҪżգз֮ƶУͽŶɣСɣֻʣʱ䣬ΰ¾ҪϻӦץʱƵҩˣʯ˵껰âһλ䵽棬ĵ۵һɢ
ڵı˿ҩĳ죬佫дҩȫժװ׼õĿڴŽʯŴ򿪡
ףʯʦڴﲻװҩİɣڣݷЩ⣬ʱҩĸܳ죬ûиеҩԣʯһʵ˽٣仰ʵ˵Щ˷ˡ
ֻ֣һ䵤ʯżɽ˵
û⣬ҩ԰һļ۸һһ£һǧ񣡽뵤һѺ𣬾ȡ٣뿪ʱһ㣬Ժݷʦ־ͺã꿪ڵ
лݷʦֻ֣ʣʮ񣬵ö߽׻͵׼ʮɷ񣿡ʯһóö߽׻
⡭ݷ˫ĿһҪ˵ԭԼ治ҪʮԼתȥҲ׬ȡ
ʯʦܣﲻףͼ۸ң²ðɣݷЩ˼
޷ʦЩż֣ݷʦҪǲ㣬Ҿͽˣףʯʼ磬Ÿʵڡ
㷽㣬ٺ٣ݷɼæȡʮԼö߽׻漴һ¥ʯһ䵤
ʯǽϹľܣмһ˸ߵĹͭɫ¯ܵŸͼĸͷ΢ţŵ¯м䣬ıžŸۡ
¯֮һֻ߶ߵҩͭɫ̵ͼƺ뵤¯һʹãڵ¯һֻţʯұ
ʯʦܣԪϾµһЩʦ֣۳߼Աʹĵ¯̻һЩ󷨣߶Դ߳ɹʣݷɽ⵽
ˣݷʦ֣²ϻһö߽׽շһͼʮ۸ɣʯóշ
úúãݷٴóʮ񣬽ӹ֮ȰʯʦܣʦȰһ䣬Ҫ˷̫ҩģΪݵҩģ޷Ƴ鵤ģʯһöʯԿףݷת뿪˵
ȻУôҩͲһžҲƲʯʯţһҩһأ


ڰʮŻ 
ĳ䵤ڣ
صһ죡
ҩ΢΢һʯ۽һ¶֮ɫҡͷϧѣ
ˣȻʧˣȥƳžȥҲֻ׬ȡˣֱӳ۳ҩܶ׬һЩʯ˿ϵҩ΢΢һЦ˵ҩ٣ʯǲ̫ģ
ʯҩڲ

Ż壬ɽ
ֵѩׯɽϱѩһƬһ޼ʣһÿô˰ɫ˪
Ϻ֮ʣȴһ۷ˣΧ£һƬֱԵмһӣЩõʬ塣
ʬĿȫǣһҲǸòԱϣֵǣһʬ˫ţһ˫ոµɫѥ
ѥʦˣһɫ˵ˣ
ߣʯΪ㼸仰Щ飬ʦŷŹңһҲһصŻǻˣڱҵˣڵߣ˫Ŀһе˵
Ƭ̺˿һ꣬ڵʣ鷳켸£һҰʬ͵ڹɽһһ·ͬУ
ǣȥʴӦһæż˴ҴȥҪǶԷߵݣЩٲô£Ѱҽһ꣬Ż帽Ҹ飬

ºڣ
ʯĳ䵤ڣСĿŵ¯ɫޱȵĽţһ߿ŵ棬һҩע
ãʯ̧һ㣬һһŨҩ㴫˳ವһһöҴСԲҩһѾͱʯץ
ɹˣʯ˫ĿһɣϴޱȵļƺЩԼͶɹһۿյĵ棬䲻۽һ
ķҩģȻֻƳһžɹʻǡʯҡͷЦԭΪۼžԴ׬һʣһЩҩֱһͿ
Ժҩֱӳ۸㣬츳ʵڲܺƷȣƷ׬ȡգʯæҲûʲôϾ˵׼ã׻ˣ
˼Ƭ̣ʯʯţ뿪˵ǿֵصݷɡ
Ǻǣʯʦַ֪ܲˣݷɵ뷨ܼ򵥣ʯδҩ˵֣ʵ̣ҩģƳʲôҩ
ûʲôˣµĵҪ񣿡ʯһ䡣
ݷɼæ˰֣ڵ˼ʯʦܣҲ֪ƣ֮ǰҲûἰԴ㹺ҩõԼҩ԰ҪһЩһҪһٶģΪһӣǲС
Ȼˣʯ˫Ŀһȡƣݷֱӷʯһٶ˽̸һᣬʯǻص˹ի

㣬ҰѾˣһݣʯǸ˵ĺһ䡣
ۣ֨֨
վϱȱȻ˿ſڣŤŤһĵӡ
ȥˣʯ̽ʵһ˵ͷ
ðɣʯ飬ȴȥʲôʳˣУʯǲʲô⣬׼һϲ
һֱȵϣʯھЩԣ˼Ͻ飬ҵϡ
£һ䡣
ʦҵδɲˣʯüͷһ塣
Ŷһɲˣôܵģʧˣһ䡣
뿪իһֱûûʲôѣҲȥʲôԲôûġʯڵ
ǲԼɽȥˣϾڵչôã˼˰ɣϲ²⵽
⡭ʯо̫ܣµҲ򵥣龳뿪ţֻҪԼȥɽŴһµǼǣͿ֪µģʯоܲٵԼʲôŵġ
¾ȻȥɣΪʦҪһЩ飡ɫһ˵
Ƭ̣ʯڵʦҪɽһˣҪ֦ĵʯֻˡ
ɽüͷһ壺ҲգǻΰܺܿҪˣԼɽѰһЩԵɣΪʦæҲ˲ˡ
ǿŰɣ˵ȥΪʦִãÿ±صűһΣĽҽԪϾֱһٻصҪϽ
лʦǵӲʦˣʯ˵껰ǼҴҵɽǰѯһֵصӡ
ֵصӷһµǼǼ¼ʱһͬ˵ʲôլҪ㼱Ҵҵ뿪ţ
ˣʯﲻԣЩ벻һߣʯоյģ֪ӺʱʼסʯʯЩʧ䡣
ʦƣҳŰЩ飡ʯ˵껰򵥵һµǼǣ뿪ڡ
ǹʯһ·ɽڻؼҵĽݾС·ϣԽԽòԡ
ٺ٣ˣҿǵܾˣȻ䣬С·ϴڳһɫӰһ¶һյЦݣ


ھʮ ɱ
ΰ㲻ǳȥô⣿ʯڻΰͻȻ֣оЩ⡣
֮£ΰʯ棬Цǰ¾͸ϻˣ֪ǰԣһֱ㣬ǵؼҵıؾ֮·
ҲµĵطʯȻ飬챻ΰҩĳڴ˴
ߣСӣ㻵ҵĺ£һֱûˣĽҰ룬ɣҲôףٺ٣ΰһУ¶ЦݣԼԪϾɱһˣʵ練ơ
ʯһ֮ǰԼûдﵽԲΰһȭˣȻﵽ˴Բ֮Ӱ֦ͬ׾ۺ٣ΰԪϾʯоԼʵûʲôʤ㣬Ҳ֪ԪϾʵжǿʯȴұ¶ʲô
Ǳƭģʯɫһʵ
ʲô㣿ͷ㻹ǱˣĺãΰĿ˿ʯ
Ǿͺã˵ĻҲûʲôˣʯ΢΢һЦȻ򶨣Ҳûף׼һУߡ
˵Сһ似նɱа޻ƣڱѹȺۣһ㵱ż㵱СΰƲƲ졣
Ŷΰʦֲ˵ʦܻ治֪Լ˴ʯʼ磬Ҵ꣬ʯƽʱ߶ǲԼѾС֮¡
û뵽㻹򶨣Уǲ֪ԪϾʵжǿʶһ¡ΰһ䣬һʯȥ
ʯһͺȣڹؽڱ죬ɷȭʩչ֮£Żΰһȭֻȭͷصײһ
أ
һŵŵŵĸԺĲɫ΢죬ΰ粻û뵽ԲȻԪϾ岻¡
ʯǰпֱ࣬Щ飬ȴǲұ֣Լûлΰǿȣȫ似ɷȭһеľǿͻΰƽһȭĻʯԼȻ·硣
ȻӣֲñЩ˴񣬾һǿȣȻԪϾˣǿɲߣߣɱ˭ҲɵսΰһЦ漴˫öС
ʯ׼СǰѾţĿŻ۶ɣηŻŷкȥ
أ
촫ΰУŻʯŻ򼸺ͬʱ䱬ѶֻʯСѿ󣬳ֵһɫ档
ΰ˫ĿһУһֱЩɻΪʯС֮ǿԼΪԪϾʩչȻ䲻£ѵķҲôǿ
ߣΪû취ˣΰ֪ʵʩչ֮£ʯҲ޷ֵģϾСʩչ̫
ৣһ⼤âһһɫСְգʯȼ䣬ֻΰ̧һ㣬ɫСĿ漴ʯһնȥ
鱦ʯ˫ĿһܴСõıȻˣ䲻һһѪɫذ׷˳漴ײɫɽ֮ϡ
ϼһһ촫ǵɫɽɽֻ΢΢һ٣׵ؽѪӰذɣѪӰذȻ˼ѺۣԻΰʵۺ̶ȣǱＶ𣬶ѹʯ
ٺ٣ģҲɱ㣬ǻն˫ȣߣΰһߣһ㣬ɫɽʯ˫նȥ
ʯ۽һ鱦ʵ̫ǿ伱æһһöɫֶʯңңһ㣬ǷɢΪһɽӰǵа֮
һŴĿϼѶɫɽɫӰײһЩǰɫӰϼ΢΢ƺʱܲеӡ
ƷȻֱû뵽ٺ٣㾳̫ͣҽԼľ޷ֵסģ
ΰһͺȣһ֮£ɫɽȻâһϯ˰ɫӰ֮ϣðɫӰⱻҴӣɫӰĹϼҲԽƺϲ֧
ʯ̧һ㣬ּѺ۵ѪӰذ΢΢һŻΰһնȥ߼״ֻЦҡҡͷֹԼԪϾʩչС򶼿Եֵ
һ֮£ǰУѪӰذ촫һеѶڶǿֿƬ̣УȵĵסѪӰذ
ûᣡʯ˫ĿһУ˿Ѷɱ⣬һ֮£ѪӰذֱâһöѪ׵ļŻΰϮȥȻɱ⣬ʯȻںʹжİ˽֮͵ϮԼҲԶܡ


ھʮһ ˫
ʲôваΰ΢΢һ㶣ֻЩ֮⣬Ϻ޾ɫƺǾöһذף㱻ΰһ㡣
ߣаȻգ޳ܵĹҲֻ͵Ϯûи֪˲ܳɹΰһ˵Żһֻһ졣
৵һ
һƴСĺâӭ籩£ΪֱĺɫƣһžžöǱɫ
ʯһѪԱͼߣ˷ֵʱ򣬼ѾǰܹܣʯȴǺһ㣬ǾԪϾĸ֪
ԪϾ֦Уһ־ǾʶɻΪ֪Բһľ֮ڸĿӣø֪ǰ̽
Ǳ۾Χ飬ҲԸ֪һ͸ӻ߸֮Чֲȫһֻӣӣ
ԪϾ֪Ȼ棡ʯ˫Ŀص˵
ٺ٣֪ͺã͵Ϯңǰһ뿪ذ׾ͱҷֻ֣ʦʵں棬ѧı£ѵҲǷ似İΰһ¶֮ɫ
ͬţҶɱ֣ʯһ˵Żһֻ΢΢һ֪׼ʲô
ߣɱֺηĲˣĿˣΰһǰķѶ佩ֵѪӰذһ֮£ҪնΰǱǰĶƵֵסöƺЩʵѰͻƿڣ׼ΰ
ߣΰâһһƬҶ״һޱȣΰվϣҶ״â˸εض𣬻ΰθŻգ漴·һ㡣
˵һ
ɫƹϼţһת֮£ЩѺ۵ѪӰذâһžһѿǾö뵱Ǳء
ΰһȣɫɽ΢΢һǰѽȻ仯ΪɫȫһѶ
ɽ鱦εֵ
ಣѪӰذ뽣֮ʣɫɽκεֵʯһնȥΰڸ߿գſϷһ񣬸·ʯͬһ㣬Ϸ֮ɫ
ٵʯۣۼǾö޷漴ʯԶɫɽնʯɫһԪϾʵȻֲԼǱ䶼һΣ
ڻΰΪʯ֮ʣʯǰâһȻһͭɫƣɫɽնϣöˣײʯϣʯһĵĵ˺üסΣס鱦ķɽ
鱦ƣΰڸ߿˫ĿһЩŵ˵϶治㼫Ʒ鱦ƷУֲնɱаޣߣȻһ
ΰһߣ΢΢һͷųâԽ⴦ΪģʯϽƺҪһ㣬ɼ˱֮ǿʯ۽һ
źԽԽǿײĹͭɫƺ˲ѣʯƾδ߶ҲԵֵסԪϾ߶ı﹥
ٺ٣ΰʯЩǱһ֮£ĿСνǳû٣˿ʯæ֮£ӦС
ʯüһһһöɫգ۵һΪһŻϼγһֻʯܣСϣֻùּΣȴǰȻ
շΰЩˣû뵽ʯô֣ͱԼɱˣȫһ֮£ǽͭɫײһƺϾҪһ㡣
ʯüͷһ壬ۼ޷ֵæʩչĵй˻ΰֻϧΰڰһҶ״źƮɶȥ
Դﲻȸ߶ȹӽΰǹϼһɢ¶Ц֮ɫԪϾеĺôֻʯ򣬶ȴ޷ԪϾߡ
ʲôôܣΰҪ˵仰ȻһЩʯ³һֻɫԲʯ̤ԲξȻգĵгɅdλתѡ
ԪϾܣһϢֻǻ˵һμ棬ΰʯСΪʯͬΪ
ԪϾ˸֪ΰһ۾ͿԿԷΪģʯһϢǻ٣Ϊܴ߶鱦еģ
ϡǣ»һ鱦һ֮֮䣬żճһ룬ƺҲգûΰһʱԺЩֱδδš
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ΰһ߿ŶƵǰһߴ߶±ź󷽷жȥصһ죬һž޴ĻűѶ˲佫ջΪһƬ𺣡
ΰɿڳһߣ̼˻ΰԣ伱æ˫һһĻǰߺȻһѶĻѣϯգΰȻûˣҲŪǱ
գΰڻ֮󣬸ٻضƣȻִڳߣ۽һ
ö߽׻ΰһӣɫƻǰס𣬻˰գȻûֱ˺ΰҲòԶԶ
ҶҪʬΣɢΰŭݣֻǴ˿̻һȦܣﻹʯӰӣ


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˷ûзŶ¾Σˣ޷ΰƾܷӵõ˵ʯЩµ˵оԪϾʵʵ̫ǿ
Ȼ뵽ʲôʯ˫ĿһУˣ֮ǰ͸оﲻԣˣŻͨˣôҵõڵģ
ѵ˽ƭ˳ãΣաʯЩҵʱ䣬æ뿪֣Żؼҵķжȥ
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ʱǺһץʯоһǳ׵ʧȥָ֪ûУ˺գۣʲôҲ
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ʯɼķɵգ˺ץסʯһֱֻۣʯֻǰһڣвɵðһôҲУ˭˭ˣϹʲô߰ͷӿʯԺ
ȿȡǰ·ʯĻû˵ֻ꣬лһ󷭹ɫףɱȻֶ
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ߣʿҪնɱϷҾͽСӻɱôʧһˣҿǵ壬αƣаĺһ¶һЦ
ߣҴĸһֹɱȻῴԳİ׾ɫһ
Ǿͺã߻аһƮ
һУаɱ޹кͽ߼а˵ö֮ҪΪʣǾû취
Ϊ˲㺦ˣ˵ֻλСֵˣ˵ŻһӣƾҪ֡
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պΧԵһƬϿգһɫӰһֻ꣬һģ֮£ӹ˺ԫȥ
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𣡡ʯһָ߶ȵȥԼɣΪԼĴ޷ﵽ־磬Ժ·ƶĵòʯоѾ뿪Χڣϳ˵ԫؽ磬֪ΪΣȻ˼е
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аЮʯûĶˣһֱǰɶݣͬʱап࣬ԭĶҪʵѣҪ֮ǰ˼ʯаߵĻᶼûС
ʯһ׷һ߰üȻֽʱָɣָ߶ȣʯɲóȻ֣ʯΪԼӵõҲöܲв
׷һ֮£תۼչ󣬻аɶݼ䣬Ȼͣǰһ޴ʯ֡ϻȣ
ʯ棬һƬһ޼ʵɽȣɫԶʯȻܸоǱΣա
ŵͼϣʯ֪ϻطݷΧڣԫؽ磬ƮɢΣ޺Уƣ˵ǱŸδ֪ա
Ī˵ԼԪϾڸǻ˵гԽԪϾߣɥ˶ϻ֮ڣǲ㶾ΣͲԪϾֵܹģҲѣԪϾӣýӽ⴦ء
ǵ治Ϸһ·аЩɫ˵û˿ŹԼ˼䲻ɫһһɫ֣ʯܣŶϻȰɫһ˶ȥ
˿νո˵ǳ˽ȥ
ʯǼĿˣֻããһƬʲôҲϹŸ֪ϻڷУ۾ȥʲôֻϧԪϾʯû
Ҳ֪˶ԶԼôʱ䣬ʯȻоͣΧһ󷭹ƺ紵ɢһ㡣
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һѣιʯȻ֣˳һƬľϿգԶһʯɽһƬɫҲûôˡ
ʲôطɲ˵
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ƺǵȼ˵һ㣬һֻֻ޲Ȼŭ˷ҵĹе׷аһߵֵ޹һɫһĿߵĻа
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𣿾˵ѱߣҪˣԼȥ࣬ҲǷ֮
еĻֻܶˣһʱƬ̣˭ҲӲаҵĶɡܹ͵ޣɫе˵
㿴˿ԶסĶˣֿ˿ԽԽޣµ˵ͷҲ֪ʲôֶΣԶԶһը֮һ𣬸̼仯Ϊɻңɢ˵Ӱʧ١
˿̣ڵĻаɫ԰ޱȣƺ֮ǰַ֮ǿᣬһƤ΢΢ϣ˶һǹŵѪڵһҲ֪
ʯ˿ߵˣֿ˿⻢ޣ󣬽Ŀ˻аϣһͷǳǰв
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ûᣬܷɹͿˣԥʯһöڼһģ֮£Żаȥʯᵽɤۡ


ھʮĻ 
룿ߣԭ֪ĻаȻһҲʲôöǰ΢΢һ٣Ȼۿɼٶڻ̼仯Ϊһʧ
֮ȻֲȿȣаΡ
ʯ۽һдΪȻѪԼʱνԼΣѣҲûܻѪıû뵽׾ͱ߻ٵˣЩۡ
ȿȣҼǰж̫ܷԶǰʯε˵æ˳֪䣬һѾ̽˹⣬ֻʯŵĻȻаȴһУ¶֮ɫ
ٺ٣𣿼Ȼ˴ңҲܿ㣬˰ɣЩôаֶһöɫҩ裬ƯʯǰʯٴαƵ޷ƶ
ⲻʲôҩɣʯһͷǾԲܳԣǰ̫ˣ²ͼرͼرءȿȣ
ʯĻû˵꣬öҩವһǷɽʯκϹǰ˿ֿ֮ûУһ±ʯǿ̵ʯط֣ʲôձаѡ
һദǷ߸˿ƣаԼ̵һŵҩʯЦ
ʯæһȷ߸˿฽ֻƺԼûʲôӰ죬ʯˣֻ߸˿ϼһûڣȻо쳣
֪ǰǣʯ̽Եһ䣬ҲţϹܸԼ˾͹ǵҩ衣
裡а͵һڶЩôһЩԪϾļʡ
棿ʯоϹʵûбҪƭԼģʯЩɻ
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ֻиСȱ㣬־綾ƶɣһԱԣڱð¶⣬Ļо綾͸ʹնа¶Ϸ֮ɫ
ҩʯɫһڣ⻹Сȱ㣿ϼһʲô˼ֵزҪɱҪϤ㣡ʯоϼһȻԼԶҩ²ֱɱԼûӵĻᣬʯҲٿ
Ҫ˵ôʱýҩﵹҲ㲻öҩҶ㻹кôҪ͹ԹԵ±𶯣а˵껰ֳ̧ʯһץߺȻһƮ˻а档
ţаͷϼһһָ״СĹŷʯԺ䵱һһööһ漴ʧ
㱻˶ֻҪϷһȫʬûҽ⿪ƣҲ³ᡭȿȣаû˵꣬һҵĿԣ۵һһѪ
ʯձϹ˿ԼͼڣʯóϹﲻɱԼڲɱԼʯת˼˶Բߡ
ҩԼ˿ɽ⣬ֻϷһд͹ԹϷһͬаɫ԰˼֡
ʲôҪ󲻷ֱԣʯֱ˵ʵ
ȥҽҩ˶̺ʬа֮Ϸҩɽ⣬¼ֲ˼ʱ䣬ֻҪңҰһЩôа˵
ʯŻа״̬˼ͻҵԼİȫǰж̫ڻȷû⣿
ٺ٣ϷһöСѲңϷԼҼҩһɽԣֻҪҩһϷԼƵҩɡаЩм˵
ʯüĿ˿ܵĽƹ֣ǰ㶼޷ȥܳȥ
ΪǴ˵еġ˫ꡢһ壡аƺЩɲһһٵ˵
˫һ壿ʯҲЩɻѵԼˣ俴˳ʻ㣬ʯҲǵһ˵ǵôϾɹԼ˫һ塣
ȻϷ򲻸ҿ϶Ҳû󱾾Իֻ˫һˣɣ˵󷨵Ĵʼˣ˫һ壬ܽ̽⣬˫һ壬Ϸʵ벻ԭ򣡡аЩشʯ
ƿлʯɲʵ
ߣ޺Ҫ˵ЩصˣЩǴ˵ϷҲ˽⣬ҸѰʲôҩףʱаȻһתףԵʯɽ
ǵýƹûд򿪵ʱﲻѵڹۿʯɽʲô֮ͬа˵껰ϸĴʯɽãʯ˿Զʯɽûʲô֡
ʱаɫһһ죬ԶһʯȻѶɽʯɽãʯɽ¶һںĶѨ磬һɹΣյϢʯЩȻʲô


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Сӣȥа˿ǺںɽͷҲص˵һ䡣
ǰҪǶС˭ȥҩʯи̲ѣδ֪ΣգʯʵڲԸȥԡ
ߣΣգԺϷһҪǲȥҾҪСа䣬ʯֻһԭʧֶŰѡ
ҸµϷһ뷨СҪаɫ˵
ʯɫ԰ףо罥ֱָвζʵڲܣֻǰû취ֻӲͷƤɽһɫԲ߽ɽ
۵һ
ƺʲôײһ£ʯһƺߣǱĵɶģʯʲôҲûпͨһ˵ϡ
а˫ĿһУһ֮һƳǰ漴ɽ֮ڣʯ˫ĿһϣϹ棬ֵԼҩܽ⣬ֻϹﰲȻ¡
۵һ졣
ֻаŵŵ߰˲ںںɽ˳Ǵһ˿Ѫ¶ݣԼƺһ˿ϲɫ
СӣȥΪϷ°ɣаæϥ£ٴ̷һŵҩƺ˼֡
ʯ˿ޣǰ޺УǼԸˣܳȥ˵·Ҳҳȥˣһ
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ٺ٣õģöͷһöصؽ磬ڶöصֻ뿪ƹʹáаһ˵
ǾͶлǰˣʯһ
أѣöͷѾҸĶ˴λãҪҩ嵥ȥɣаӳöԼһɫľӨʯ
ʯӹһöʶֻǾӨʯԼʵڿʲôã˵ǲ嵥һҲûС
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СˣԪϾЩ֮ˣҲȸ߼ԪռֵָƣԿռʯƶɡ
ƷףĿռСͬ㿴һָʵأֻ޷
Դ߶ʶһ֮£ɽҪıȫװ棬ҪʱҲȡ
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ʯһߣöָ΢΢ʯ˫ĿһʶһֻԪָâһǰƷ৵һʧûװȥ
ǿд߶ĺ֢Լξͺˣаһ£ͷһοԪָȡġ
ʯֳ˼ι󣬷ڿһЩֻÿȡƷûѡָֻܽжȫȡ⵹һСȱ㡣
ûи֪޷Ԫָû취ѡԵȡĳƷԪϾԺͺˡа˵
ˣСǧҪʲô棬ԪָҲпռģһĿռ䲻ȣͽռĶռҶҲаһ䣬䵣ʯּʶŪʲôӡ
һҶҼöԪָϿЯණǰöԪָ֪ܷҵĽָڣʯѯʵ
ȻԣϾһС͵Ŀռ䱦ʵһƷһöսָһöԪָС
ֻϷöָװƷ̫࣬ѳǽָװȥֱӰĽָռű
ָû̫౦װƷĽָǿԱսȥġаһ䣬ʯ˷
ȸˣʯ˵ŻԪָһöͷ̽Ե֣Ȼһ̽䲻ԥ뿪֣漴˴ͷ֮ʱʯֻʣһӰ
СӣҪڱϻߣа˿ʯʧĵط漴ת׿Ǻںɽ¶˼֮ɫ


ھʮ ұ
һѣιʯǰһԼһƬľڣ漴Ͻ뿪·һׯһ֪˵ȷʵؽ磬ŻҲֻм·̶ѡ
ۣ֨֨
Ȼʯ̽ͷü۵ĶһһֱǰצؿС࣬ҽһͨ˵ˣӳˡ
ǰˣСһصãһΣվͲ¶ͷʯ˷ۣƲƲ죬¶ӵȻһڸʯΣջ¶ͷɵӣۣʯҲ顣
ӡƷ鱦ƽƿɡԪָһöʯ̵һ´˷ջȻȫԼģҲǼѡ
ΨһЩƵǣڱ뽫Ϲҩ뷵أԼСҪغˣҾĻȥҲһܱס
Ҫһȫ߲֮УвʵڲףϹҲһŹԼʯ̾Ϣһо޷ŻаĻҪϽȥҲֻ취ˡ
߰ʯص˹Ż壬Ϊµ飬˷һµʱ䣬ڱסʯֻܰҡ
һֱǱƭģϾͨҵڣһ뵽£ʯżܵҿӰʯ˿
أТԲǣʯһңԺվһȰ˵ʲô
ֻǴ˿̵éݵȻ޴棬ֻʣ˱չĻҼ˵ز֪ʱȻΪһƬ棬ԺƮŵ
㣬ôˣʯæǰֻһȦɫҰףȦͨ죬ﻹĶŵСŮ̬ʯһۡ
ѾҹˣһֱԲȵſޣҲȰˣϴҲȥԵ㶫ҪˣŶӣɫ㲵ܵˡ
㣬˵Ѹĸţƫãƫá޲ֹЩƿʯ
ʯһᣬһѱסоӨתɫ㣬ô£˭ģӦ㣬һñʮ
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ȥˮʯͷһ£˫ȭһգ֣صģһ㱨ģ˵Żʯȥ
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ʯһţкһ
ףôˣʯһ㶣漴̾Ϣûʲô󰭣Ǵ̼ȣȣټ̫飬¶ݻԣҸҩ
˵껰æҽҩ䣬һöֽճɻһϵС룬óһöָ״Сҩ轻ʯ
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ȹˮԹ񵤺ʯڵҼûϢĵط֪
޷һճķ䣬ǲס°ɣָָһԵŻ
лʯм
ÿӾͺãƷһ裬ʼ磬ʯȴûж˵ʲôڿɲּۻ۵ʱ
ŵϣǰ˿¶֮ĵõա
΢Ƭ̣ʯæҵİ˵࣬ڴߵľϣʯǰһڴߣĵȴ
һֱûţʯĬĬؿȻڴ˳ǳʯʾⲻ漴ߣСӾȻ鶯£۽ǵʪ
Ƭ̺󣬽ͷת˼£ݺݵص˵СԴǰצߣһ±ҧƣʺѪҺ
ֻѪҺ֮УȻŵâ漴ѵѪǰצߣεɫѪҺ˳ǽ
жҲƤʯûֹ˵һЩ޵ѪҺһִ֮Ʒҽͨ飬Ầ
ۣ֨֨
ʯƲƲ죬һ֮ջ˵СצЩߣ۵Сͷ˵ĵط
ȿȣֻҩãǺ˽ǼεɫѪҺԵʣ˫ۣ
㣬ˣ˭լ˭뿪ڵģʯ˫Ŀһоûô򵥣


ھʮ߻ Ũ
ҡ㲵ʯЩǸͷ˫ֽץűӣۿʯһۣ
ô㣿ʯдϲ
ֳŴأֻ췢˿¶۵ӣǸ֮ǰլ̫嶯ˣ㲻ãûץ㡭
㣬˵ˣְûܼʱϻû˵껰ʯһѽڻУȻԼԡҡûʲô̫ĸ飬ʯ᲻顣
ʯĻУʯϸİο¶ҸЦݣֻ۽Ǵ˾ӨỨ
лл㣬ûңǧû˵̫࣬ƺ̫ʲôһ̣оʯȫֻʯĻУҵʱİο
ʯ磬ȥˮʲôʱ򣬰Ҳ㣬һԶߵģ
˶٣ʯЦԺҪ˵ɵˣҲٿˣȻˣ㶼޳ˣŬˣ
ʯΪЦ㻹ô˵˼ңûòǵǰʱס죡
㣬Ե㷹ɣóԵģ˵ָ࣡Щʯæࡣ
۰ʲôóԵģҸЦЦĶˣ࣬ʯҪȥʢһ룬ס
˰ԱˣеˣСһЦ۾г״
ȿȣʯɿ
ۣ֨֨
ʱ߽鿴˿ˣֱתǱԼҧƵǰצ˿ί˵ԼҲйͣΪʲôлң
ˣСһʯѾ˵һ飬Ŀһ䣬ĵãҲллۼҵС飡
ۣ֨֨
Цƺĵõ㣬СӰظһͦʯһЦ˵ҲؼʱҲܰæʯЦ
㣬˭ȥ֪ͨģլ˭ɵģоȶʯŸʳĵ⡣
ЦݣĿ΢ĵǼʲͷȥҵңصҺû뵽լңҴһԪϾ׼Ϊնץȥڹɽʣ
ʱȥͨ籨ţǿס߲֪õϢ˵Ѿ뿪ãǶһصլһŭ֮£ŻլԺ
ɫأһʯδŭ⣬һ
ô˵ָʹȥҵ㣿ʯüͷһ塣
ڵݼ˵Ѿҵζ˵ʬ壬Ȼ޷ϣ˵εһ۾˳ҷǶ˵򣬾ȻӷͬҲµ˶˲ˣ
ߣҲֻǻɰˣ˿һеʹߣεܺΪˣʯȭаģһ죬һҲŹ
ֻΪ¼ɣͽ˼Ҷٵ·ˣʯȻʲô֮ģҺһֱԸĸΣӰ˺ԼŮˣʯ޷̵ģ
ûл򡭡Щ£ǰΪߺ󣬿˽һԪϾĿ֮
ʯ̾ϢһȻܺ˽٣ȴǱа˶ǲЩﻨаҩģԼСǲ
ô˰ʯƺ£ɻʵ
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ôУΪģȥΪ˭ģٺ٣ʯЦЦˣô׵ķ㣿
ǵûУֻҳûӳģҪΪҵˣרɣЩ㣬Ըἰ£
ŶҾ˵ǲģ㻹ԪϾƤӳʯ£ûע⵽Щ쳣ı飬һᣬʯúϢǴŽ뿪˷䡣
ˣʯ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
лĵҩҽˣʯ֣ص
ʼ磺ҵҩҽûôЧСָҩɣ
ʯЩ£ûڴ˻Ͼʲô֦
֦㻹˼𣿡ЦЦһ䡣
ʯ΢΢һ㶣֪˻⣿ѧϰ֦ʲôҪܿڱǣһҪףԱ֮ȥûʯɫһ
ŶѵСҪˣϵĶǲˣ豭еƷһڣʯ˫Ŀһ


ھʮ˻ ¶
а취֮ʯϲһ䣡
裿üֶҩƷͬⶾƷҲǲͬһϸһ˽⣬ɣ
û뵽һ۾ܿж֮£ʯӣѸ첲ڶмϡ
̧֣ʯ󣺡Ǻǣֻ˵ҽ̫٣һϸķҽɲǹửԣҪȷϳ飬֢ҩҽ
һ˵ķɫֹϸ΢ı仯ɫӡõȲλһ˵Ľ״̬ϸۿҲɷӡôѾһ˿ߵģֻƽעˣ
ʯ̾ϢһԼʵƷ츳ǿʵ㲻ʲôҽҲûúѧϰʲôҽھ鷽Ƿȱ̫ࡣ
ֶܽˣʯʳĵ⡣
Ƭ̺ü˶Ƿ־綾֮ҺƶɣһҲԿֶ̱ϵһ𣬵ӻʱ֮ЧֻʱҲ޷ȷʵڼ֣¶֮һʵǿĶޣ
Ҳû취ʯ̾Ϣһ
˶ʵڰԵϷЩСˣнⶾ֮ȴûнⶾ֮
⻰⣿֪ƽ⣿ʯһϲΪѵӣЩɻ
ˣⶾҲɣϷ뵽취ƽֶԣһǼ򶾵ġ¶¶ҩ¶Կƽֶԣڵ
̫ˣ֪¶ںδܹ򵽣ǰ¶򵽼Ҳãʯһ˵
Ǻǣ¶޷Ⱦָǰ¶Ҳһֻڲʹã˵ӷ֮ʱʹһŰ¶
۰¶ǰ¶ͨ˶Ū˵нⶾ֮ûнⶾ֮Ǵ⣬ҡͷ
ʯĬعԼ붼룬Ҳָֻаˣ
֪һ취Եõ¶ʱȻӷ˳ֻɫЩ󣬲ӣȣ
㣿ôˣʯ΢΢һ㶡
Ȼ˶Ϊζ㣬ҵģ˷ֵ취ܺùһˣ´β˽ˣɫ֣صĵǳ߽ӵĿ
ðɣʯһůЦЦ㣬ղ˵а취
֪᣿ʵ
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˽ǰ£ڵвʱ䣬ɽٰ졮ᡯʱɣԼһЩʵۺļ嶼μӡ
νᣬǴſһᣬǽĺȻԵĲ˵Ĳɣиٮٮ߱Ƚʵա
˵ҲǰսɶɳһԪϾΪսǰΪѡԺлᱻΪɣҲ˵õĪĺô
ǰߣֱӽҵõ影Ǳǰ¶԰һҪ취ԪϾμᣬȡǰ
ԭˣֻɸֶμӵ£Ҫǰʵףû뵽֪ô࣡ʯЦЦ
ҲŲչصļ£ɴ˽ֻ֪ǵûϣΪûʲôϵ˵
ʯ˵ͷЩϢƽʱԼǲôע˼ʯüô£˽⣿
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̣Ҫֿܻ飬ֻܹص޼ѡ⣬ҪˣҪԪϾûʸֱӼġ
Ժܻǲڹڻɱаޣִάĥ󣬲ſɼȥֿǿС
ȻȻÿΣޱȣҶֽԷǷ֮õĺôԴҲģһЩСͼɣҲ޷ṩһҪľ޴Դ
о޶ٺȡһЩͨҩ鵤ʤûϾ֮ʱҲǺɵģû̫Լ
һЩԳʵ˵ĸ߽ף׷ͷҪֻܹɹѡϵģֱ֮٣һѡϣݵλҲͬһҫ
һɣҲҪһһЩӣϾɵʵ޷忹ģκһɣ
Ȼ˺ôҪõ¶ҪԪϾУʯ˫ĿһУ˼


ھʮŻ 
֪Ϊʯһ䡣
෱࣬Ϸ֪٣˵еࣿҡеĲ豭ɫ糣ʵ
ԣʯ̾ϢһǲֽƵģһʯЦûʲôʣ
ȷҪѧϰ֦֦ķãû񣬿֧Ų˼ΣɹҪƳ֦Ҫ׼ʮϷûǷˣһ̵˵
Ҫôãʯһֱ֣֡
Լ뿪ۺ࣬չ涨ÿ£صűһΣʱҲ˵ԼԪϾֱһ꣬ȥ뽫Ƴ֦ǲŻȥˡ
һΪ֦ǿƳ׼ʵĵҩǼƵģ֦гɣôԺͬȵҩĳɹʣҲ߲١
˶Ǵͨҩһţָ߼ҩ㵹ãֱѡѵģȻһҩԲϰҲƳֻķã˷Ѵ֦ϡ
˵㣬һЩͼ壬ҲӦ˴ģԼɣѡʺܺõĵͯɵʦ
һЩصҩεĵʦƣҲ⴫˸һûҪ˷ʱ䣬Ҳȫ˷ѲϣҪҩҵʦɣ߽׼ʵĵҩ˹ء
ԭˣʯ˽ĵ˵ͷʵû˶񣬲֪һŵҩĲϣҪ񣿡
ǧش
ǧȷһ˼˵Ҳûҹƣʯҡͷѣûлаʯûʵ˵Ҫла
ٺ٣ңҲδƳҪ֪һĵʦҲﲻٷְٵĳɹʣԳƷҩɱǧңǳۣӴﵽ񣬼ҵųۣҲ򣡡ɫһ
оóϣ󽫻мɵļʣƳ֦ʯʳؼ⣬һ̣һգ֮ɾͲðˡ
һɲһ̾Ϣһ
һɡʯתäĿ֣˼ɣܷҹЩϣ
ԣһȡãʼ磬һӡ
Ǻã鷳һڵҩģĲҵҩԼɣʯ΢΢һЦ
δҩ֣һҩˣȻһܹһ֦ϣҩģ𲻵ЧҡͷԵ˵
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ˣԼѡ֦ĵԼַһЩĵãȺúÿɣóһžʯֱ˻
һᣬʯصУʱ価ٳţϢչأʯ񽻸󣬲ʱ䣬ǽҩ˻ҩ԰ڣҾȻ˳˼öмͼ߽׶׷ʮ֡
⼸ʱ䣬ʯҲѽ֦Ʒأҩ԰һأǿʼҩо컯¶۵ĲʱʯǿϾ
߼īϰֵͼĶ׻Ʒ۷У׷̷мƷмΪʯûжٷֽҲԪϾҲҳԣȴƳ˲ٵĵͼӳּǧ
ңҩĶʱʯǿʼ˰ܼģ
һһҩĲժʯ¯һСֻը¯֮ڶҲɵҡͷֱ죬ÿһը¯ﶼһ¡
ֹһңʯ̣֮ҩģҲûƳһųƷҩоʣµЩҩȫϣҲܹƳɹ
£ʯ뿪ҵ
ôܼϣڴڣͷҲ̧˵
ȿȣͲεõģһƳɹأʯЦ
ɹһҩģǵʦҲ˵ٷְٵĳɹʣЩм
ٺ٣Ҫ鷳лϴķˣϣЩֽȻЩƷȫ۳ȥ˳һЩδڵҩģʯһڴصһڵϡ
ʲôⶼǳƷ˿ĸַɵҡҡͷҪһ츳Ҳˣ
û˵ʲôŴ뿪˴ʯЦЦڼңʯҲûж룬漴ص˵Ƶҩغʯæ𵤷ڳҩģصҩֽӹǽ˳ȥ
ʯٴ۳컯¶ƮδҩϣȻ֮ǰʣµĳҩģһԵĲժٴο˰ܼģʽ
ը¯֮ƺϰΪܵ죬Ҳʲô飬뿪˼ң۲Ĳ
ºҩģʯͳͳ̣ϣʯִ˲ƣĵŵڶҩĳ죬׼ΰܼģʽ
ƺǻ첻ˣƵҩ֮ʱһֱûը¯ʯЩСĿҩоʱʱ򣬵ֳŶңңһ㣬¶ڴ֮ɫ


һٻ ԪϾ
صһ
Ϥʯ￩һ£ֻǶǴ򿪴һϲҩһźҴС嵭ɫԲӨĵ輤
һŨҩɢʯŵҩ˷ܲѣڼ֮ɫ
ٺ٣֦𣿵ǧҲò㱻ԼƳˣʯ˼æҩ
ʯҩ԰ҩȫժҩڵʯȴƳǼš
ʯʧʮŵҩҩģֻǳɹƳŶѣϿʼһţʯҲֻʣĿŵҩ
Ȼ̣˴ҩģĳɹʯǿԽܵģϾЩҩʯʱɱͣδģԼÿһţʣµѳ
еСƿʯգգۣҩӲѳ֦𣿿һЩҲ˴ĻӻЩүҲò˷ʱ䣬ҪʲôҩſڱǣûпɽˣֻܿԼܶˣ
ƿʯķֽ˳Ƴ˽ö߽׶׽Уʧʻٷ֮һʯá
æ˵㶫һ飬ʯҩ԰һյأŵҩ㣬ϥ˫ĿһյĴ׼ԪϾ
ʯһ״̬Դﵽѣǳųƿ֦Ӱҡβѣ֦ΪģһУת
ʣƺһ㣬ΪƯգԽԽأתΪҺ壬߶ߵ֦Ӱ֮ϡ
ѭƺΪ֦ʱڲ֪εĳԪ֦֦ҲʼӰʵΪʵڣҴﵽĳ߶ߡ
ԪϾԭԪںϽ֦ǵ˵ֻ֦ߣҵ֦Ǻ׳ʯаֵǣһֱûͣ
ΪҺ䣬֦ϣ۳Ǳ֦գٻӷƯգŨһ̶ȺٴλΪҺ䣬ƺûоͷѭһ㣬ÿһΣƺ˼֡
ʯɻ󣬵˿ҲóȻֻܼͣڤ룬ʱһţֱ֦ɳΪ߶ߣȻûͣơ
ʯܹоڷĳָı䣬һϸ䣬ǿϸܶȲǿƤҲӲ١
һЩʣǻΪճƤ͸ƺʹ࣬ʯҲ΢΢ɫ԰ײѣĺڶͷ¡
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ʶͶӰգ֦һɶߣﻹʲô֦һСȻڴʯҲظоһּ仺ٶȣ꺣ֻ֮ǻӷܵ
˵߶ߣõܴﵽߣʲôҲͬ״ϲ٣ʯаƣεڣΧ֦תۿáСд֮ɫ
պʯƺЩ⣬³ֵ֦ҲʧȥȤʼô棬ʶһ˳硣
ҩ԰ϥʯ˫Ŀһһ΢΢һڴһ°͸°͹
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һˮ֮âһһˮתΧʯϴ·ˮϣƬ̺âʧʯˬޱȣһʺʧֻʯһ㣬ʪܵġ
ʯ΢΢һЦһ֮£Ȼһ⣬Χ¶ȼͷԼ˲ðһṦ򣬾ͱл֮濾ĸˬ
˫ȭһգʯо˳ӯƺϼȦҲ˿ƣ룬ݵıǿ˲١
֮ڣвСı仯ٴҲǱǰۺ٣ʯ֣Ѿ޷ֱӵ֮ʯЩȻ
һһâһ֮ĺȻڰջΪһɫ̽鱦ƽ
ʯһߣ漴۲ڵı仯䷢һ֦Ȼһ֦֮˺ľõƽ֮ϡ
৵һ
ԭ޷߶ĻƽȻϼһ˸棬ǵ߶೤ڰѣ档
ֲû޷߶鱦ԭҪ֦˺ľܴ߶ȱٺ٣ʯ΢΢һЦ漴˻ƽ
䳢Žʶų⣬ϻΪ֪˫Ŀһ֮󣬸֪ܵʯ¶˾֮ɫ
ҩ԰ڵֲҩ䶯С棬еĵ¯ҩǴбĿӳ뵽ʯԺС
ָ֪һ˵۾ȥۿɽ֪γӰͶӰԺ֮УԶҪһָȫֵĸоҲΪǽڵڵӰ֪
ʯȻһ¶һЩаЦݣ˫۷ŹĴ˴֣ٺ٣ҪңҾԲҪ͵ֻԸ֪ԣǶʯ˵˵
ôʯȻŹķ䣬ڵʱʯһ£


һһ Ϯ
ڿտյӹĵ˴ͷŽأҲӰȻǲڼң
ʯûж룬ʯǣЩҳȻǼûлˣһʯܲĵģ
Ҫ֪ڵĸ֪ԶҪȥ˷䣬˫ҲܿϵĻҳʯЩǣƺõһٶöҵ
ڴƷ裬ʯоâһţ漴µЦЦóˣôǹʲôϣ
Ͳõģʯʼ磬ӷڵϣڵˣʲôʱȥģ֪ȥ
ۺ룬ҡͷȥ˰ɣѾͷҲû˵ʲôҲ̫ȥҲõģÿ죬һεģ
ðɣʯεĻشһ䣬кȻðһͷ
˵龳ߣͷֻһ˿΢İâ龳âͻ࣬˻ѾԴﵽͷİâ
ȴܸоԷһϢǿȣɴжϳԷΪ֪ʲô磡ʯа뵽
һֱأܿǸز¶ĸ֣ԼڽԪϾڱ˵ʵ磬ڿø֪̽һˡ
ʯͷŶһɨӯͷİâе龳Ǻϡ
ʯϣоһ΢ϢǰâɢģʯԴ˲İǴǿһ֡
ֻеԪϾϣſɿ̽˵Ϊ磬ֻһϢǿңԼֱرʯоȷʵһ龳ߡ
ԺڰЩҩİɣҰһöѾԪϾˣɹʻ֦߳࣬ǰʱѾƳɹˣʯûʲô
ʲôﵽԪϾ۾һɣƺЩţȻɹƳ֦
ҼȻͣ龳ֻǷȱһžˣʯɫһ˵ȻͷԼЩ磬ʯﻹǸмġ
̾Ϣһҡͷҩֻӽʣ񵤳˾ͿԽ׵ģҲΪʲŲҷžͲ˷ˡ
ʯ˰֣Ҳţ˽ϵǲʵһǿ޷׻
ʱԴޣܿǸо㼴׻ҲٽһﵽԪϾԣȻҪŸʵˡ
ֲܲܽףҶҪΪһţģʧɹҩĵķʯ֣ص˵
ԣоâοĵ˵ͷ΢ЦðɣȻģҲѣһܽ׻ҲǴ컯ˣ豭ʯ۹ƺҲһ˿΢ı仯
ãаöȥɣӦ㹻ˣˣּɣһݳģһδģʯͷ
Ƴٺ٣һ䡣
Ҳ֮ϣһصģȥ㣡ʯ˵껰ͷҲص뿪˴
Ĭã˫Ŀ΢еĿʯʧıӰͷڵ֮ϣСӻٽһǿԺúöһ

Ż壬ּլ
洦ոµλĸ֣ڷһЩˮ¯ȼ֮濴Щ
վԺɫЩأ΢ŭ֮ɫ˫ֽȭǰһ׳˶Ӱڹɽ
ٺ٣û뵽㾹ȻԼˣЩ˵
Ҽլôü
ЦЦӦ֪ⲻڴˣ׼ץʯģҵЩ֣ԪϾʦֵƤ£ôéӵģʦֱû˿
û˿֤ݣҪߣǲЩԵˣûлش𣬶Ƿһ䡣
ԵߣŭһΪ˴ʯСӣʦЩһңҪǲ罫˽ᣬܰ
ҷѾۣڴʯһЩϢΪնɱа޻ƣҲСЩ֦ԪϾ
˵նɱа޵ʱƺöʦֵȥ֮ʱնɱһЩҲʹõľ綾½Ԫλʦ֣һ־綾
ζ϶ǰü
Ҫ϶ǽץȥʦͺˣٺ٣Ҵ򲻹򲻹𣿽ͲҪˣģҲɱ㣡˵Żһ
ಣ
׶˰벽һ˿֮ɫȻûʲô򶷾飬漴˫һһ
֮ʩչķУ׵һɢö׶Ҳ˼Сһ룬ʩչһˮĻǿ
û뵽㾹ȻҲ׵˻ֻǿûôлһ㶼ǿֵ㻹ǲҪֿˣ˵Żһߡ
৵һö׶âһǴ͸ǰˮĻŬܣֱϻǱһö׶˿ڣѪ˳ָ䡣
Ȼ䣬һâԶŻҵȥһȻһڳҵذס
֮ʱȻɫһ䣬ذͣǰԶʱ򣬾ȻҲ޷ƶֺ


һ ϻɱ
ɫذǰ˼£صһһξɡ
λǰڴˣڹɽƲڲóȻ֣ɫصĴ
㣬ߣʱʯɫĴԺ˽кεɱ⡣
ף㣿㾹Ȼҳˣߣαʯһ㶣漴Ц˵Щɻ󣬻֮ǰǲʯ֡
Ҫ֪ӡʯȻһˣлһ˿ɫ
㣬û°ɣʯ˵ŻЩ۵ǰץס˵ֱֻۣ˴һĨ˿ڻϣֹסѪ
û£ôˣץ㣬ϴԪϾҲڸǻǿЩ뿪ɣĵ˵
ߣߣʦ־ڸϾ͵˭Ҳ߲ˣ
õģʯĳûߣΪʯɿֱۣתɫ˲ޱȣȻҲʹʯʯȫȻûᡣ
񣬲ɵôһ飺ʦ־ڸɱҲܲˣԪϾҲȻսײãʦǽġ⣬Ѿʼˡ
ʯǰһɢһջլҵ㣬˺ʯŮˡ
ԣҶù죬Ҳ㲻һӡÿ˵һ仰ʯ̤ǰһ֣һԵֵѹѾͷֱð亹
ңʦϡδ䣬ͱʯһСϣ伱æذףֵǰС˽ʯСĿֲ֮ԼҲǿֵ
ʦֻʦ֣ʯҪɱˣϵ£ûܾȵ㣡һεͷŶһ̵ʯԵ쳣һ֮£ǰС򻺻۶漴ȥ
Ҫ鷳û˵ֻ꣬ǻΪһˣ޷ֵԪϾС򣬿һʯСڵֱһṦ򣬱ʧȥϢ
ʯɾĻɱ˻΢Цסģʲô鷳аţ˺һ̣ѾעˣֻҪһһ;Բ˻ţҲܵ˺
ģǰǸ𣿡㶵ĿʯЩ˵
Ҿǰǰ˭ɽ˵ԼһľѾˣҲһҪû鷳Ҫն鷳ʯ΢Ц
ٺ٣ôĿն鷳𣿡ʱԺ⴫һţһŻۣݵӰ߽ԺӣûϢֻüûж࿴ڶۡ
ʯɫһʶһɨ֮£һϢԲԼ֮£ӦһԪϾߡ
ĳ֪ԼߣҪĳ֣üǰֻ˵ʯһܺû뵽ʯȻԪϾһϢȻǸսײã˵ʮĻʯ
˵ϴץס㣬Ҳջլպʯĳ޴Ѱ㣬ȻˣҲ°ɣʯüͷһ壬˫һǰ۳С
˵Ļ죬ǱѰĳͼʶһ£㵽ʲô£ԼǲμӹնɱԪϾаĵӣ࣬ʯһս׵Ĵڡ
ûжκαһ۳С򣬱ʯٶȿϲ٣漴һߣСʯȥ
أ
촫Ż潾Ѷˣֻ֮һ󷭹ͷ­Сɫ
ʲôʲô̫࣬˫һ֮£һǽǰŻײϡ
󣬼ڻŻҲǱѶŵŵŵĵĲŶСѵನ
µĻȻǶ֣ʯɫȻ˵üͷһ塣
һγ֣ʯȻռϷ磬а𾪣оʯȷ򵥣Σյ²Ҵ⡣
һһҵɫǹְգ̧һ㣬ǹӭ籩»Ϊ߶೤ʯһնȥ
ʯס˺漴ǰһһ֮£ֻһ⼤漴ײɫǹ֮ϣһҵĻɫ
صһ졣
һŴĿϼѶɫǹϼۺȻЩֵסɫɫǹ΢΢ȴ
Ʒ鱦ȻЩ֮ɫԼΪһ󹦣ŵõ⽱н鱦˿ǹ
ʯһսԪϾˣȻƷ鱦ֵȼıڹɽҲûмܹУ֪ʯɾкݡ
˺ʯŮˣϵ£ûܾȵ㣡ʯ磬Ȼһ߻ƽ


һ ɱ
һ
ƽâɫǹѹƵ΢΢ƺϾͽһ㣬ɫһ䣬û뵽Ʒ鱦˿ֲ
ߣȻﲻ㣬Ҳ㣬ĳҲʲô̽ˣзûʲô˺֪ʯѹΣĳʶһ
˵껰Ȼ˫ƽ죬˫һ䣬ͬһ㣬˫ʳָ̫Ѩųһ⣬ֱ΢΢
Хδ䣬˫ǰһӣһâͷΪһߣɫϼƣƺӰİͻʯһ˶ȥ
ǣʯ˫ĿһУͷһοĴ򶷷ʽһʱ䲻֪ӦȻʲôл
һһͭɫƻǰ漴ٺˣֻصһ죬ǶһǱͻײɣʯͫһ
˵飬ʯҲ㵽ԶǰͻҲ˲٣Ȼڵʯ
鼱֮£ʯһʮöƲӲӵķɵգ漴۵һɢΪʮѰɫӰŰɫͻһնȥ
˶༫Ʒ۽һ˼ǲµʯʲôֻһЩлиǷ
¡¡
һž޴ĽѶһѰѰɫӰ׷ѣͻӰõĽӽ͸һ㣬ʯһ˶ȥ
ߣʯٴһ֣öշֶ漴Ϊؽɫ֣ʯסǰɫͻײϣع֣ڵعһ֮£ɫͻϼһƺľһ㣬߽ɢ
ÿֲĹʯ˿ʣµһ֣ԭǼƷڻʱ򹥻ǺεϬʮöƷöշȻǿֵסͻɼԪϾǿ֮
ȻЯ˶ЩȻ֮ɫ漴˫һչƺҪʩչʲô
ãʯ⣬һ˦мʩչ˼öСȥ
ֹԪϾȻ˭ҲӲӣҪˣֹͣʩæʩչһĻֵ˵ĸš
öСϣӲ˶ܣֻڱĻһڣûд͸֮һʩ
ĺܼ򵥣ʯޣзκβԼʯʩչʩչһЩϾķʱ䣬Ĺʩչˡ
ߣʯû˷Ǹʱ䣬һ֮£ʮŻɫ߽׶׽Умö׹ʯһ㣬ʮϼһըȥ
ʲô۽һģЩţоʯӦǸʦЯ˶
ʦڹɽӳţҲû˭ܴ˶Ͼ۸񲻷ƣֻǶԻвʯһץһôãԪϾҲò˱һ
ҼʩչֻȫֿʮöĹ
նʯûľȣޱĹעƽڣɫǹҪɣɫһ䣬ľǼƷ鱦в䲻æ߶ɫǹֵ
ˢһ¡
һɫ˿ɫǹϼ˻ƽϣܴʯüͷһ壬һ֮£ƽâһʢڶͷų档
һߴڳ̼佫ɫ˿ǿ߽⣬ʯһͺȣƽ΢΢һ۵һͷų棬漴ɫǹһɡ
κεֵ֮£ƽϯһƿ֮һնȥδһܵĸ£ӷ̡
ãȫ¾ôһ鱦ֻܼһСܷһʩչһصıǽתܣȻ֪սУɻľǽ󱳱¶ˣ˿ʵڱϾǼƷ鱦֮ʵֵ
۵һǽ˲ѶСֽͬһ㣬ƽ͸ֻգ֮䣬ոת鱦δȡƽ۵һ󱳴ǰ̼仯Ϊˣڵĵǰ˼󻺻صȥ
գʯ˲ͷ亹ҪûлаļƷ鱦ԼҲһЩʩչǰͻ֪ģʯȤ
㣬ǿ뿪ȻڲЩʱʯ߼Ϊɻҵʬ壬𼸼һ´򶷺ۼճԺӣְ㶵վ
ǣϴɱˡɫ΢ףֱָۣʬ˵
ô죿˵
ߣʯͣһץסججĴûлع
Сôˣڴ쳣˵һ䣬ǻص˷䴦˿ڡ
ҷɱڹɽӣײˣܲܰҲȻΪ˱ܣʯ²ȥֳ߰ʯҲǷĲ¡


һĻ Ѱʶ
ƺЩعɫĿʯƺǵʯɱڣƽʱˣ۸˻УҪĴɱɱûӡ
޷ʼ磺ֻһͨˣԼʶʶãһɣһԺ˵ɱţΪʶĲġ
ʶǿ֡ʯһǵڵƴ˵û뵽绹дҪ֪򵥵Ĵһˣʹһ˵ʶǿȫͬġ
ϣæ˵ͷһ漴˫ĿһգƷɣʵӿʼ΢΢
ǺǣϷֻ龳ǿǿдһͨˣߣΪβʹʲôĻԣҪʩչʶעʶµļ䣬ҪԪϾ
߼ߣʶ߶ȽţڼҪƺЩ鷳˵
ԭˣ鷳һ´ʯɫһ
صһṦóһСӣڵ׵ġѰʶףԪϾ½ԿΪ߶Է
мΪʶʶţﵽԪϾи֪ǿʶǿн˴ߡ
ǿʶǱԷԺʶϵعעµʶ˼䣬ȴ߸ĳһʱļ䣬ﵽʶߵЧ
ϴԣʯоȵ뵽漴ӹӷǰ㵹ǲѣΨһǿʩʶǿܴﵽʲôЧһյʱ䣬ʯ˾ϡ
Ƭ̺ʯ˫ĿŰǿʶͷŶΪ֪Ժ֮ڣһ漴̱ϣϺޱ飬ȣ˯һ㣬Ȼı仯޸֪ʶڡ
ǿд𣿡ʯЦЦ漴ڵɼǵý쿴ʲô
ҿˣɱˣõĶǻɵı˶ˣܲңܲҡ·˯˯ģģĻشһ䡣
㿴ˣﲢûɱˣֻȥլתһȦ㣬û鷢ס𣿡ʯڵ
סˣȥּլϴһҡ˵λһ˵
ȴеǱʶǱʶѾŴ£ӡ份ѾͿˣ΢Ц
ǸջصңԹȥڼʲôҲûзʯô棬кȻðһͷ
վǰʯ˵꣬վΣΰǰ
һӣ°ɣʯ°ͣ⵽׺òʹһ㶣漴ʯ˷ۣȴЦ⡣
붼һ緢ˣ
ͨһ
ϣڵһ죬˫ۣɻĴ˿ԲϴҲ֪ôЩȥû˯á˵Żƨվӡ
ɱˣʯȻڵ
һ㶣漴һЦϴˣɱ㻹ôվ⣿ϴ㻹ûأȥլʲôˣôϡͿľͺң
ʯһۣ˵ͷһЦ
ûʲôȻȥɣ㣡˼䣬ʯߣ漴˿ϡ
Ȼ棬һκҲ޷ˣʯЦЦ
㻹û߼֮ɣĸ߽ףѰʶνһħһɣϾֻһִֶΣֻҪģܹ˷ֵġۺ롣
Ŷȫ𣿡ʯһ¡
ˣпܵʲô̼ͷشʲôģкСļμ䣬Ҳֻᵱһʵξ¡
һĴڣѰʶֱ̽Ѱʶ䣬ʱߵĳμ䣬ر˿ģȥ̽ѰʶЦ
ѰʶȻܿ˵ʶ䣿ʯЩˡ
ֹи߼ֶΣ㵽ѧѰʶֱӽⲿּĨʧһʶ
ʱѰʶȥ̽ѰʶҲʲôˣҿԸʶĳμ䣬ִ֮ǲǸ߼ֶΡ豭Ʒһڡ
ʯ¶Ȼ֮ɫԼû취鿴˵ļ䣬û취Ĩ䣬ҲֶֻˣѰʶҪúţһܹǿóѧѧ
лˣʯɫ֣ص˵оʶǳԨƺûʲôѵһֻΪʵ̫ˡ
ÿСѸƾСæֵһᣡЦЦ
ˣĲ϶𣿡ʯʵ
ȻݳģֲģСӸʧˣٺ٣΢΢һЦʯоȻ˵ҪƣǺںģҲν׻
ˣ˷˼мй֣һЩмֽӵͽ׵׶в١
ȻѾԪϾҲ̤;Ժն񣬶׼һЩҲãҩģƷײ͵ġ
һЩȥһµԺҪʲôҩԼƾǣаٰѣһ󡣡
ʯһϲҩԼǺںмǲԼĽ࣬һԼؽ߲٣һʱʯûмűչء
һЩ˵Ϊƾ˵껰ʯķ䡣


һ С
㣬ôˣʯУеһ䡣
ЦЦûˣֲͨˣС˲¡
Ǿͺãȹϲ׻ˡʯ˵
˰ľ鵤ûüãȹһ¾˵ǰ˿˵
㣬пܻΣգǲҪȥˣⷢ⡣ʯĵ˵
ɫһĸλ٣լգܲʲôҲܵģЩҽĸλ°ϼңϣĸ飬ܹԭҰɣʱȥݣû뵽ǡ
ʯһЩ鵹ԼˣҲû뵽½λ飬ˣľǲܵ
㣬ǰˣ´鷢ֱӷԸȥ죬һõģͲҪˣڱײʯڵ
֮ǰչأûдŰҽ׻֮󣬲ųȥصլΪһЩԱ֮û뵽ͬǰҲ˵Сҡͷ̾Ϣ
㲻õģڽʱж̣Ҹлؼڻûһ취ŪġʯЦЦ
ȲùˣϿȥչذɣץʵȡܹμᣬֻжǰлõ¶ⶾɫ֣ص
ʯɫһ˵ͷϢɣʲô飬ȥұáһᣬʯ뿪䣬˵ڡ

ǸТ˳ŮӣʯغõŻпһ
Ƭ̣俴˿ҩ԰ڸָҩģԼδֿ˿ϷŵһЩ·ԼװķֽʯЦЦ
һҲ˲ʶʯҩ԰ڣҩ۳˴컯¶δҩϡ
ʯȻ֣Ϊף۳컯¶ҲԽҩٶҲ˲٣ԭʱһܴҩģòϰ£ֻһЩԪϾʹõĸ߼ҩģٶϲ١
Щ֮ʯһž˳ģŸֵԼƷһЩƷʯ˵ϥϸо
ĵҩ󲿷ֶԪϾܹõģˣˣٻֱָӦоУףͽ鵤ʯȻһĵҩࡣ
˵ǻָҲƣڶսУӳǱսһֵҩһͬ׶սʵ൱ô˵ߣʤ֣ۺ̶ȴڽ֮ڡ
ʯдϲ˴˵Ǽͬ޵ˣݣʯ۽һ
սʱҲ̫ˣ޵Ҳˣ⸱Ҳ̫ˣȻڷ鵤ս˺һͬҲľʱͬͨһ㣬ѷӳʵʯƲƲ졣
ҪǶսз鵤ܻɱ֣һսľֻ׸ˣĪ˵ԪϾ֣һҲԵֵֽ׾Բܷá
мͽ׻мͽ׹ͽ׽շ̷мн׷ٺ٣̫ˣмλƵģ
ʯȿ˿ǻƷԼΪͬʲôķֽϣͿԷʲôΪ߽׷û뵽ּķĻҲͬ
ȻĲ࣬мǶԸԪϾҲвˣ֮ǰǰ㣬һһѵõͼҲֻܸʩ޷˺ʯЦЦǿʼо˷Ʒ
κķʱܳιžϼصֱ̫࣬ʯۻңʱһ£ʯŽž£о͸ֵҩʶԼĻƷ
˫Ŀһյľգʯ̬ѣſʼƷҩǱѹóɹʼߵķ֮ԼһЩ˵
ѧϰ˸ķģʯſʼƷٶȲ죬һöҲҪãﵽСʱΪЩʯȽİӰ˲ʱ䣬ɹʵ⡣
ַʯٶԽԽ죬һöмн׷ʯһգ۵ʱ仭ϣӡʱʱ䵹޷Ͼǲ߿յġ
ֻһµʱ䣬ʯڽзϣԼеͼһԵĽóȥȻЩ
Ͼʯ޷ģʵ̫ͣʯֻƷۣԼܼӣ׬ǮӻҲһ˫ֻʯֲ֡ٶȣԼַĳɹʰզ಻ѡ
ʯҩ԰ڣٴ۳һЩ컯¶ûгҩģоʱ򣬲ժһЩҩģʼ˸ֵҩ
ƵһֿٻָĵĵҩΪʺԪϾõģʼʯƵĿνСϾ֦ʱǳʧʵӰ
ʯŵǣһξͳɹĽƳ֮³ȴڶȴʧˣҲֻɣһʱ⡣
ڽһʱУʯһ£ǾԼɹ٣ƵҩԽԽַ࣬ҲԽ죬ʧʣȻҲӲҩĶѳġ
ʯʼνֻܹԼãһף֮Ƶҩǿ׬رǮʯǾԵĴ׬׬ˣҪ֪ҩ󣬿ԶǷɱȵġ
ǱԳҩʯʹδҩб֪Զǳ˿ɱȣĸʱ䣬ʯҩһգǰѻаЩƿУȫװ
⻨а˸¶ĵǰ˲æʯһ뿪˵һֵҩʱ򣬺߲¶֮ɫ
⣬ȻгҩģȫƳɹˣһʧʶûУŵ˵ʯЩΣҪǰһֵҩóͷѪ


һ 鵤
С츳٣˿ֵҩھݡ
ָ㣬Լžϵĸĵþ飬Ǹ߼ĵ¯ҩҲ˲ٳɹʣʯ΢Ц˵
ʵҩƵҩû˸߰ٷְٵĳɹʣʧܵĵҩȻԴҩƲġ
ʯϻһЩҩȴóˣϾҩޣֻʮŵҩҩģҪʯóʮһŵҩǾͼˡ
ٺ٣Сӵѧǫˣǵ¯ҩƷײͣȷһЩɹʣЧҲޣСƺţˣ
һĨ˷֮ɫ´ʯһƷһ㣬޲ƺּ˷ܵر顣
ʯָоͷƺΪʯ츳ģģΪԼеˣⲻʯЩͷʲô񾭡
ҶѣǧҪ߿ҵһŰɣһ֮һ֦Ĳϣܷ׻Ȱһ֦
ʯɫһ˵ʱԼСƽԪϾĵҩʯΨһ뵽ı֮ˡ
úúãƺûʯ˵ʲô˵Ŀʯ漴Ӧ֦ѵΪϷƣ
ʯֱ˵Ļشʱ䣬뿪Ҳһˣʣһʱ䣬ұصűġ
һߣ˵ʱϣ˳׻Ȼ֦ԪϾҲкܴĻᣬˣ鵤Ҳ¼Űɡ
Ȼ㿪ˣϷҲѣЩҩѳģ֪㻹ʲôҪģڵ
з嵥Ҫҩϡʯù嵥һЩֽԼ鵤ҩʯ׼֮ǰԼҪһЩģһЩЧĵҩʯǲŹ
ãϷȥϴóһڴһûȥۣһˣٺ٣˵Żеҩƿװһڴſڴ뿪˴
ʯЦЦķ䣬ɵһ¡
ֳֻʣһֽͨϻһЩֵķţƷģֲģʯоЩԺУƣŹֻɬ
ЩֵƣһһЩֵͼΣһЩ֮էһСѧһļͼεϸһƺ̺ĳ˵Ĺɡ
ÿһͼΣԼ䶼һͼĳϵÿһͼ֮ϣһЩƣÿһͬλãֱŲͬԣʯͷۻ
㣬ڻʲôʯɻһ䣬ѵҲѧϰ֮û˽̵ԲŪЩ߰Ĺ
ˣû»ģѧϰᣬĽЩһ֧ʣֽͨī౦״һЩģֻǻòãЦ
ʯƤһɴǹ߰ģʵûз츳ʯȴǲĴʲôǻıͼμֱҲ̶á
ã㻭Ưʯ˵
ģܿЩȵʵһ˫ˮĴ۾գѣëƺСȵģʯֱ
ܣ̫ܿˣƯʯֱ㶵˵
ֺ˵ˣ￴أһ죬С鲻ʱ˵˳վʯ֨֨ۡ
ٺ٣ʱһֱæƯ٣ʯ˲ǣ䲻ĳһƣС¶һӵ񣬲һ㵽Զ
ǲҲˣڵûʯĺ
ţȷǿˣҸһЩϣһЩķԼҩǱ㷵ţʯɫһġ
ǰЩ׼ɣصź󣬿μҲûôףҪ׼źáЩǡ
һЩֱϣ˸ոճԹػصʯкһ뿪˷䡣
ҪĶˣ˳һЩϡеҩԼʶһ£Ҳеʱ乻õĻҲٶһµڵ
ãǶлˡʯ˵ͷ
ʣµ񣬴࣬һͬɣָָһڴ
ʯ˵ͷ˸֪ɲǰôѾȡһҪѽָжȫȡѡԼʲô
Ҫȡƽһ֮£ɽ֪ԪָڣѰҵƽ֮һ뷨Խƽȡ
ͬĵȡһЩƷԪָڣҲ׾٣ʯһӣһâ˸֮£漴һǽԪָڡ
Ԫָû뵽СӾȻȱԪϾɲ˭еģֻǸսԪϾûǲҪ׽óڵǲһ䡣
л֪ˣԪϾϲ֪ʲô磿ʯʵ
ǰᣬԪϾ̤;ˣϻÿһ磬ַΪڡڡڡԲĸС硣
ǵȸ߽׾ȽˣԪϾһС磬ҲǺģ֪ж˿ԪϾڣҲѽһ
һҵԪϾڣʱ֦׳תۺʵѹԪϾڣֻԪϾڣһߣҲǶֵġ
壬ɫٮٮܿ죬ǵ츳ԶˣΪǱۺԴ֧š
һԪϾдġ鵤ǶĪĺôɽʡʱ䣬̽ڵġ
ֵֻҩϡ٣ɱ߰ʧʼߣһЩв٣Ҳÿ˶䣬ֻ޼ٮٮߣܵõֽͨ˾Ͳˡ⵽
鵤ֵ֪ʯһϲʵҪֵʯǲ»ӻġ


һ߻ ͵
ڹɽһİľڣ
ʲôʧˣȷһڴأЩɻ˵ŭɫǰһɫѿĵӡ
ܳϣϢʵʦȷʵʧˣµЩɫ˵
Сأһ䣬ˣܺܳϡ
ǸСӣǵûעµЩɻ˵
ߣһ飬ǷҲʧˣҪΪ׼飬Ϸǿȥһˣˣǿ¾СѲϵˣܺɫһɢһɱ⡣

ʯε˼鵤顣
ǺǣȻУἰϷеõǱףνǰֻϧϷ򾳽ޣܶණ޷͸ǱСӣ鵤ĵ˵Żóʯ
⡭ʯЩؿŵĸо֮һ󣬵ǵʦڣһۣ͸ˡ
ԺҪʲôҩܿڣֻҪƵģһУһЩ뵤ҩԼҲãۻȡҲգҵһɣʯɫ֣ص˵ˮ֮ӿȪ౨ĵʯǶõġ
˷鱦ʣīȣԺ󼴱ǲ˵Ҳõϣзֽ޷
ˣ˷ʱˣϿȥչذɣ˵Ƴ鵤ģ˵껰ʯӦһǶ˵
׼һҩһȻȫǳڵҩģʯһϲԭ˷ʱޣһǽʡ˲ʱ䡣
˼ʯʣī˳Ϥһ֮󣬱Լıʼ˷
ʮպʯֹͣȻ˰ŷֽʯûʱȫϣֻһЩõĹԼһЩշȫмԶǰͼɱȡ
ʱʯʼо鵤ĵδƣǽĵһ£൤ҩʼ鵤ҩķ٣ʮ鵤
˿ʯķ裬ǳܱȣҲ˼ȻҩӲѳģѧƷѧ൤ҩƷͬʱҲʶҩϤÿҩĵ;ԣʼ鵤
ܿϧ
ǣʯ̹Ȼ
ȿȣʮݲϣôܹһӻģҲ̫ˣ˵ֵҩɹ̫ˣȻһŶûгɹʯҡҡͷЩ֪θӲͷƤ뿪˵
ڣƷ裬ʯ󣬼æվʵô鵤гɹ
ȿȣҡʯͷˣʱȣûˣ鵤ǳɹˣԼˣǸµĵҩҾȸˣ
ʯɿһܣûٸʵĻᣬһṦ򣬶˾ûӰ
ʯʧıӰŬŬ죬ûüڣ˷ۣߣСӣ£ûϢӣ϶ûɣóҫˡ
Щ֣ôʱɹʳĸߣʱɹ£鵤ѣı֣˷ҲӦƳĿŲŶԵģ
ǿģͷһĽ㵤𣿡һ̵˵漴˿ʯֻڴ
Сĵص֪ЩҩûϼһŰҽ׻ٺ٣
˵껰ֻڴһֻ֣һâϯֻڴ̼ʧµ豭еƷ裬Ķδһۡ

ô㰢һֱֻʯץţһ·С뿪ң۵˼С˵ģ
ܳˣһᣬͷóҩɣʯľŽһ飬Ц
ô㣬㻹ƭ˼ңģʯһۡ
ʯνʼ磺ĻԣƭϾûжģ
ĻԣͲƭ𣿡һĨɫ˵һ䡣
ʯȻĵȻˣٺ٣ȳԵ㶫ɣЩˣ˵Żһ̯ĵ档
ۣ֨֨
Сڵϣʯָָ㣬ָָԼ˵ʲô˼ѵҪԣʯ
ˣټһ룡鶺ֱЦһǿԡ
ʯʼ磬ת֮£һ߳Էһ߿ڶСԽԽƯ
Ȼûδ磬ͨͨȴһصʣܻǸһĶţĸоǰʱˣСҲǺ˵ġ
ʯٴаͷѹ֮£źջûսʤԼа
ʯоЩʱ˸ֳ֪ҲһǺ£ǰôһλŮܲø֪ȫ飿˭סˣ£飬ƺԲ
һ˱ȥһֲĳԽʱ򻹻᲻֪̲ס͵ֱۣԼ޷ƵһֱܣóԵ˭ԣ
ţʯǹʹģܿƵĽͷŶ漴ǰôһɨһ̣ʯסˣ۾İζѣСվ棬ǰצ͵ЦѣС۾Цг״ʯǰػȥ


һ˻ 
ô£ʯһİ˽ȥ漴ջ˸֪
ۣ֨֨
СЦǰϣȻԣӣ漴ָָʯЩմָָǰ͵飬Сʮԡ
һ죬˫ֱסǰԹİʯһۣߣ֪˸֪ʵڵ㶼ûöԲ
ʯعĨһ죬Цûаȿȣ̫Сˣҿ˾ӣôø֪͵ģʯ˵ֱ
ߣ㣡ЦЦɿ˫֣ƺҲʯ͵棬СҲصԼλãЦĳ
ʯ꣬Ĩһ죬漴ˣ׼·ȻʯЦģȴɻѡ
ΪڸղŸ֪ɨȥʱʯȻ֣ľȻһ£һһ鱦ı£֪޷͸
ȻʯɻЩƣһʱ䲻֪οѯʣܲ˵Լ͵ʱзı°ɣ
ʯ£뿪˹Ż壬Ǵڵʯڣ
˴գʯʵ̲סˣѯʵף·ȻҲȾѵҵһǼ£
ĸ֪ͷ𣿡һЦģ˵С˸֪϶ʵҴóԿ׬˲񣡡Ц
ȿȣͷ̫ˣʯɲˣʯһ˦ӱ֣緢˵һ˾ӵģ
ͷ̫ɶˣȻʯаѣ޲ڷȥĺӰιˣ¡
Թ߱Цƺʯ˼
ᣡʯνʼ磺ôԹʵҲһֱһµģԱֶ֮˼֣һ㱦Ҳ˺ˣ
ôãⲻǷģǷ˱﹥ģЦЦʯæͷǣȴΪȻܸоǻԼǮԼġ
㣬ǻǼԦ鱦·ɣ̫ˣ˵Żʯһ˦֣ԪָâһƽǷ˳
ʯһߣƽӭ籩ǣȻΪС󻺻ڵ棬ʯһȥԪϾʯȻҪһеĸо
ȥҲ׼һ¡һҲȥֻɫƺЩ¡
ٺ٣£δɣʯ˵
һƽܺâһȻγһɫ֣ƺǻһ㽫ΧԵ·ɽ֣ȴ˿˺ʯˡ
ˢһ¡
ƽâһǳ𣬵ԽԽԶԾɫɿˣڵһУʯַ裬ɽʮȽǿٷС
ʯһģǻ˽棬󷭹ıһҪܷ֣类˦֮ˡ
㣡ʯЩµ˵
鲻㣬ҵһ£ʯȻҲЩ£ŻнŮеĵ㣬ǰ˲٣߶ŻƽŤŤڷȥ

ɽŴ
һâԶ֮£ǳɽǰ󻺻ڵ棬վӰʯˡ
ԭһµ·̣쾹Ȼ͸ϵˣʯ̾ϤʯҲ˼Ԧ鱦еϾҲʼǰ衣
ټʯ֧Ų̫ã;ϢһΣ춼òϣҲǶһ¼գѧ֮
ʯ·ɽ漴̧һ㣬ƽâһСңʯֵܼصӵ۾ЩȻ֮ɫĿʯ
ʯʦܣ׵ԪϾȻ鱦ˣһֵصе㲻ţǵʯһǰ뿪ڣʱǻ㳤ʱ׵⣬ǣʯŪ֦
ҶѣʯżֵصЦЦص˹իϢһ֮󣬱ֱԪϱ
ܿԼԪϾҲ˵ĻԵʵľܸߣھ֮ɫο˵
Ҫлʦչˣʯɫһ
ǺǣԼŬѣһģΪʦ˵꣬ʯóһ׼õСӣұдһЩ
Ͽã˵ͷԭˣ󲿷ʱڱչأȻаϵõ֦
׵ԪϾҲˣԺҲһЩԱ֮ЩС鷳е޺
ȻѾϣΪʦȥȥȡһЩԪϾĹ
лʦʯһϲһֱνĹЩȤʩչͨȻԼж飬ʯ׼ϣܷ취ⶾ
ϣ´ټλϣƺǹ飡ʯ˵֮£еͨ


һŻ ִ
ô˰üģʯصիƺЩ޾ɵӡ
ûʲôûʦܷⶾͱϽˣʯ̾ϢһԼ뻨аԼʱ䣬ۿŲһˣҲż
ԺлʰɣҪ׼ȽаҪĲ׼ðɣ˼
Ǻãȥӣʯ˵껰뿪˹իӵס
ʯʦܣѽˣˣһȥˣôһֱûӼæʯ˷׷
ʯаЦӷǷͷԼ˵Լеķʯûб¶ʲô
Ҳϻˣ֪Щϣܹ򵽣ʯ˵ŻóһСӣѻаҪĶȫ档
ףöҶûƺǶмƺҩӦȥʣ޷ûУִɹʱ򣬰ǴֻҪһôͿԡЦ
ִ£ʯɻ
ִڲɹһִ£һЩϣȣżеҪϣҲҵִ´ȥ󿴿ҩɡӿڵ
أʯסӣڵȻִ¿ԴǱ㲻ȥˣȫ϶ִ´ˡ
Ҳɣȴȥִ°ɣ˵ŻǴʯһ㽨ǰſͨһ˱ǽ˽
ڣһۣİֵӣ֮ϣ΢ЦĿŶˣһ˫̶۾һһλ֮ˡ
ӣٺ٣ʲô£ִȻӲİֻǶʯЩɨһ۱ǲᡣ
ִ¸תͷʱȻ˫ĿһУ»ͷʯһۣȵԪϾλʦ˭£ôһμ
ʯ£ʯЦЦ
ԭ£ٺ٣ʧʧȻûм㣬Ĵţſս׻նɱаޣõơ
Щõ֦ĽȻǴЩ⣬û뵽ʯʦܻǰȻĽԪϾˣλִ°˰֣֮ǰǰ⣬Щ
ʯʦܽԪϾˣӵɴ۾Щŵ˵
ҶѣЩǻȥ˵ʯһ䡣
ִ£ʦܾ˵ˣ˷׼ɹһЩϣǲȫ׼ȫͷִ°æɹһʯ˵Żǽ嵥ǰߡ
ǰʯʶɨִ£ִҲӦһԪϾһϢԼۺһЩԪϾڡ
ִ΢ɨ˼۲嵥һüͷʯʦܣĲϣȷòȻͨƺǶóʹõһЩԼһЩ̺綾ҩ
ǣͷִ°Źһ¡ʯɫһ
ִ¿ڵ֪ʯʦܹЩкôѵʯʦ׼תͶ֮
ǵǣʦܲʲô֮ЩϣֻϵһֶԡʯֻаҪĽҩȫǶ֮˵ǡ
ѵʯʦ׼Զִ¾ɲʵһʱҲ岻죬Ͼ˭Լʵǿ
Ҳڱ𴦵õһֵܹڶԣʯûна˵Ȼð֮ʿȥնɱаԼĽҩҲûָˡ
Ǻǣʯʦܽʱж̣ԳЩϵķãִȻڻʯҡ
ִ¸оҪٷãʯʵ
һЩҩĲңֻϡ֮ŷãҪңִ´ԵĹһ¡
ãЩһ취񽻸ִ£ҾȲˣʯ˵껰Ǵ뿪˴˵أһ£ʯҲױ¶ԼԪָ
صիʯһֻڴװ˽ȥ飬ҵִ£ڴ˶Էʵִ¾ȲѣҲûжʡ
ڶһ磬˸ʯһöµĵƣöɫɫ壬Ǹ߼ơ
ƾƣͿȡԪϾĹ𣿺ٺ٣ʯϽ˳漴Ȼֵء
ʯһɨȻֺϣһֲѹø֪²ûָоƺͨԷֻ֣ߵĸ֪ᵽĪѹ
ʯȡԪϾĹʯڵ
ףһʱ䣬ѾȥˣﵽԪϾҲ̤;ˣʣҲϵˡ޵ټ¶һ˿΢Ц
лǰ佱ԪϾǰѣ޶ۣ˷㳤ʱ䣡ʯа̾ϢоԼ׵ԪϾǿˡ
Լͬһڵ꣬еĿ»ûдﵽʯоԼǶĴڣû뵽Ҳֻϵȡ
ϸһ룬ʯҲˣԼͿ𲽣ʵǰѾ˵ڶ龳ΨһǷȱľǿ磬׵㻯ԪϾʵ˷˲ʱ䣬Ժľ磬¾ûôٽһˡ
ŵӽ϶࣬ѣЩ˿Դḻе˿ʴϻۣʵͬһŵˣҲ˽ԪϾˣ˵мҲڱչسƿ
Ȼ̤;ĪҪ󿴣ҪǰЩѧϰЩ߱Ƚϣһؽĩ;
ˣȥ¥ѡɣԪϾзֻһ֣Ķ࣬ԲӷţԼѡӦԼģڵ
ѡ񣿡ʯ˫ĿһжЩĹͨҲԽڴսʵ̫ͣõΣлǰʯӦһŶ¥ȥ


һһʮ 콣
ʯ¥ľܣһۣĸݣһ˫̶۾ߣЩ
Զһ꣬ضȲľ֮䣬˺ֻ㿴Ҳûϸоʲôô߱ߴľϵĹ
ʯҲû˴кԹԵżľȥڷŵĹۻң෱࣬ľÿСһľƣעŹƣԼ򵥵Ľܡ
عõģһ鳤ӨʯʯԴ˲İ껨а͸ʯһ飬ʯֻԪϾϲʹá
ֻҪɽӡʯ֮У˱룬֪ݣֻǵʯ޷鿴ʯԻаʯ֮˲嵥
Ȼʯ⣬һЩžףƬשƬ֮ͭ࣬Ǽعãֻǿûʯǰ߼ˣһЩԪϾ£ʹá
Ȼ˲䶳һͷͻ
ԽһŴ𣡡
ڤơͨӰʯһĹܣвɼЩǿܣ˸оǿޱȡ
ףʯ˫Ŀһľһ۵λãһֻС«
˺«Σ񣬱澧Өתʮ㣬ȻɼұֱǷ˼װ鱦Ϣ߸֪ͨˣҲܸоһָ߹Ϣһֵ֪ơ
ʯż棬ܸС«ľǰ˳
ʯֹ԰һЩС«ܻɢӫ⣬ҹһ㣬ƷԪϾ֮ˣ˷ͨ˵УǾϡı϶ӡ
ֻС«棬ѺۣмڣһֶûУһڷھ󹦷ľϣɾ͸ˣܵƶûС
ٺ٣λʦܺ۹⣡ǻ۸΢΢һЦ֪ʱĳʯʯеС«һ˫̶۾
С«ǣʯһɨִһϢۺԶִǿϲ٣ԪϾڣԲĴڣԼʦǲ˲١
ŶʦܣϷΪһ´۽磬һۿǾĻԵ߲ɷ˵ץʯľǰ
߸һɫȻڵ˹ʮڣصĴ˵˵Եߵõ칦ضǰ;
ô棿ʯһһ㶵ģС«ȻƯȴоʲôϢҲûʲôּʲô칦ôҲʹ֮
ʦܱС콣һ򵥾гɵĹܲ󣬶콣ȻеСѣֲܿޱȣ춯أɽ߿ʯҪվæʯǰסʯɫ֣صĿǰߡ
⹦гɵģôһƺ«ʯоЩ̫ԾԶѡ깦ǰ񿴰׳հĿʯһۣʯԽԽоΡ
Ȼû˸ʦ֪νǾŲСĺ䶯ʱʮȫȥᱦ
콵󣬰ŷ콣һֵģһѰĳɫϽһֻɫԲڿɽգղŶһķ콣֮Ǵˡ
λʦ˵ôôֶûʯϼһһһէģܸоڿԼ䲻
ٺ٣ʦܣʶˣԪϾʵӦܹ֣ǱҲûκαϢ濴ͨ˼һ鱦֮ࡣ
ôͨһϣ«棬ɸֳ콣ֱ֮氡
Ȼ棬Լļλѣһоһʱ䣬«ǿп֮صķ콣ǾֻԲ͸
콵Ϊ֪˶ٸ߽ף潫˹ھ󣬵ȴԵˣҶ϶Ե˵õǾĴԵ
ֳܸ壡ʯϣС«滹ǳ˷콣ĸ֣֮
ֻʦүûܲ͸ҡʯû˵꣬㱻ߴϡ
ʦܻô˵ʦүܲ͸Ե˲ܲ͸浱Ž˹ʦһһѡıǾԾԤеԵˣ
˵֮һʦܾеԵ֮ˣ˷ЩϧˣûȥоһһΪʯӡ
ʦܷģ˶ʼѡ콣һɣ±˻ʦٸ㻻ǣûȥһвףʱȡ
ɫ֣صĿʯƺЩԥвЦ½ԪϾĵӺúŪ˵·콣봫˵ټϴ죬̱ЩѪȣԷ콣Ŀ࿴
콣봫˵˵ĵʵֻǴûô죬Ǿ˵֪ˣôƭߴ˹һ˻ؾǱԴԴϵ׬ȡ
ϾȡʱҪЩģ߿ûô˵ˣΪ˾ˣ
ʦҿ²ʺϡʯԽоЩԾо칦϶ûͷ˵ǰ棬ֻǴ˰ԼϣԼѡʯǷҲûʲôð취
ʦܣ⾭ĹأһͲܷ£û֮ǰǹ⿴ѡ˲ߣɲҪݻ˹أ
߸о˵Ķˣľ飬˿һ˦мľһ֣Ǹʯóһͨ
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һ죬ͷһʯЩȥɫС«ԼһգٴγּѺۣյֵġҪŪˣԺ˲


һһʮһ ԩ·խ
С«ʯԽԽߣת뿪˾
ףʯʦܣɣʱһɫӰԶǻΰ
ʱòδų֣׷㵽Ż壬ϼҲûп㣬ߣΰɫһʯƺҪֵӡ
ʯȻоεԼһɨİǸ֪ͨԷ̽ԼʯҲ˻ΰΪԼǿһЩӦһʱﵽԪϾڡ
ԪϾ㾹ȻԪϾˣΰЩţû뵽ʯҲˣһݿɾͲһˣϾǰͼӣԼҲڲ֣䲻ͣ½Ų
ΰʦֶˣʯĳȻ£ʯ΢΢һЦ֮⣬ڻΰҲҳ֡
ΰɫһ˫ȭգֲҷһתȻʯеɫ«һ㶣漴Ц
ʯʦܺ۹ⰡȻѡ˷콣޷«Ҳӣ㹻һЩˣ۹⣡ΰǿ׳һĿʯ
ߣʯһתȥ
С«£ʯʵûʲô˵ģԽԽöˣʯֱӽ·ڱ˿
ʯʦܣ˰ѷ콣ͻ˻ȡԵһЩģһŭ֮»С«ɾ޷ȡֻܻѴˣ
ŶˣҪնɱаҲɣȻϴ֦ûõĹǿԵģΰȻǺѣֻڿʯˣЩ顮ˡ֪ʯҲ˽⡣
ʯ￩һ£ͷ⣬ԭƭƣ˿콣϶ʲôûɫ
صʯС«ȡоһҲûоףҹû˯һֱĥν칦ֻΣҲô취
ˣȻöóˣһ¿ɣʵڲ˻ȥʯŲײ̬ʼ˷콣
˽㣬һгɣ۳ҵĽһֻԹʩչĽȻҲ湹ɣȻСǵͽҲɴݻ١
ڶ۳ҵĽâܹݻٸ߽ͬʱâ裬γһ㻤֣˱ˡ
ȻܣҪʩǿжϵģһƺܼ򵥣ʯֻʱ䣬гɡ
һңɫ湹ɵĽʯţʯȴҡҡͷȻ򵥣ֻܴݻԪϾʵô
ʯ˵ڶ㣡
ڶѶȣȻЩʯԤϣ֮߰ãʯǿʩչһâгСȵһĽܴ˲١
洫ѹжϣʯоǼƷҲԴݻ٣Դ˶ǰͻȻ㣬ڶ۳һЩâֻС
㣬Ƕ۳âһһϦ֮£Ͼڶ㻹Բ޷Խâγɻ֣ʯоԽԽ
˿˹ԣогɣӻʩչǰͻˣȻûо죬Чƺ̫
С«أΪοͨͨû˿Ϣȴܳ壿ѵҲʲô˼Ƭ̣ʯһ
һ֮£һĽʯָ⣬˳ź«мһˢһ£һոµѺֶ
ʯһ죬о⻹治ʲô߰˰˵ѺۣЩ͸ˣܿһѺ۵ķ϶֪һɨ«ڿտյ
ҲǣҪǸ޼᲻ݣʲôñֵң˼ʯϽСĽŪ˻Ҫ⳥
ֲ˶Ļѷ죬¶̬ҪӲ̶ȲŪģʧ˵껰ʯĿ
ڶһ磬ʯȥӣһԼϵպ·ײִ£Ӹں棬󱳿һڴ
ʯʦܣٺ٣Ҫ͹ȥҪĲϣԱãպԿһЩ۸嵥飬ʱңִЦ
ط˴ӣɫͨ죬ЦǺǵĿʯʯԪϾ佻öȻˣƽʱͽԪϾӶûᡣ
ʯһɨЦЦǺǣʦ᲻ִµģ˷ͷˣ
޷ΪŵӲɹǷ֮£ûʲô£ҾȻȥˣִЦЦ˼˼䣬ִ±תȥ
ʱΰӰȻӾʯ˺һ㶣漴Ƴһ۵ϵĴӣҪתͷɲǣȻоâһ
˭Ķġΰ˫ĿһĿ˿ӣԪϾʵȻһЩ
ҵģôѵΰʦֻȨҹϣûµĻΰʯûиɫڵľţҲ⶯֡
ٺ٣ϣǶɣʦҵȷִܲÿרܴ£˽ԴܱܿΪڴڶޣһڵߣѲаޣ
ΰŴ󣬸˼Χ۵ĵӣһü۵Ŀ˿ʯֱӱִ˹ȥ


һһʮ ִ
ΰʦ֣ѵķҪʦܹȥʯɫһ˵
ٺ٣֮飬֪ѵ˵ɣΰЦ˵
ʯΰԼץϵĿڴŹիȥӸ
վסΰһģʯǰ䵲ס֮¶΢Ц֮ɫô඾ٲ˲ɣ
ΰʦִ·ɱʦ֮ܲͬˣʯ˫ĿһУڴڵϣһ׼ֵ˼
ΰһ㶣漴ЦɣСӱץ˰ѱȻҪҶ֣˵ĻҪĶҲø֤
ס֣ʱԶһȣֹ׼ֵĶˡ
γĸպã˹ȻǶޣҽסҪҳ֣˻طǣΰˣæһϲ˵
ˣȻγϣʯ￩һ£ִϣΪԼܺңԭͶԼƫ¸С
γϴִµӣԪϾֻƳһ۵棬ǽֻڴ漴ץס˿ڴ
ʯҪһһᣬʯǰγɫһ壬ʯаޣȴҷ
ô£ЩﹺڣǵΪ˵ʲôͼγɫһһεѹʯϣ䲻оһ͡
γϣӲ֪Ź治Щ£ʯɫһ˵ӿ˿ɵ۽һתܳȺԪȥ
֪Ź棿ԪϾ߼ӵ˵˻ǽŵ˶ϷߣߣִϷϸѯʣγһתȥ
ִµӿ˿ʯڵ߰ʯʦܣΪǣ˵ŻһִµϿڴһʯߣγϷ˰֡
ʯü̾һ֮εĸȥ֪¿ɴСֻγϣûô׷ŹԼ
ûãʯŶ߹հƣִã˽
γִµʯԣһʯܵӣʯ˿ɫγϣٿ˿ִĴвɵһֲõĸо
˵˵ɣ˶඾ﵽɣкξģҪŲаٻϷһƱԽСγɫһ壬˿ǿЦӡ
ʯ˫ĿһУԼ˵аԷҲһţţһĽҵնɱ˻аԼĽҩ¾Եõˣ붾ףΪҽҩҲʲô£ǲỨаΪ
Ƭ̣ʯڵγϣӿ˵ʵҲ˵ʵϣγϲҪɱһˣϸҰ˵꣡
ߣ˵˵Ϸзֱ棡γһ
˶Ψһİ취ԶЩƵҩԿڵĶԣʯ˵ǣɫһ˵Ҳҩ;
жٺ٣ûжϷʰ㣡γ˫ĿһһεͷŶʯоΧռһƺܿ·ֹԼһȦ
ףγüͷһ壬ƺǷʲôϸĸӦһᣬջʯоָɡ
ⲻʹõĿƣнҩ˭֤ⲻԼģγɫһ
ʯ뿪ڽʲôſӰһϵӰȻ˴
Ǻǣ˵Сͽַʲôִã֪ʲô£γϣ΢Ц˵Ҳû⣬һϣûкʯ˵Щʲô
γüͷһӹ綾֮ԼжԵҩģ˽Դţ;
ͫһתʯڵд£Ī㵱ͼ˵Ļ²γϣΪʦҪ˽
飬ʵҶŷǿȥ𣡡оâ˸
ʯһڸԼᣬɫһ˵ʦγϣ֮ʱбһа´˶Ѱ£ŵõԶ֮
γΪжԼΪǵͬʱаһɽ⣬γϵķۣӦÿóֽƣԼٵģ
γ϶ɻĶһۣ漴ͷŶʯһɨ֮󣬳Ĭãüͷ
ȹ̵֮һڸ֣ⶾҩԵҲ̺ԣа¶˶ǿԻģγ˼˵
ҡͷ̾Ϣ¶Ǻǣ˵عᣬҲ˵һܹǰ˶ҵȾˣɽ⡣
˶٣ϴĿ˿γϣ΢Цγϵľ黯ԪպÿԽγϲ֣߳ϷǷһ飡


һһʮ 
ľ黯Ԫγüͷһ壺˵ЦɣΪһԪϾڵӣϷԪȥ
ĳ֪ЩΪѣȽƣ´Ҳѽϣγϳɫһ˵
ߣĪ˵Ͻⲻˣܽ⣬ΪС³֣ӣ˭еʲô鶼ͷλϣҲˣչСӺˣγʼ磬ÿɷ˵
ʯһüӶ˵ĶԻſóԼγƺҲǰһмģγ϶ԼЩƫӲ׳ˡ
ӱϾҵĵӣʻ㲻ԡϻû˵꣬γϱǰ˰֡
˷ѴˣֲҵĵӣҾʣҲϵȶѣﲻ˵һץһѣҲԲ٣ǻΰ桢ˣһǿγһƲ
ϸҪڣγɫһ壺ϣĳҪ׼飬ԼҲҪһЩҪչˣ£ʵϾģͣ
ҡҡͷʯ뿪ִá
ʯо綾ԼܽãҲҪǿЩϽǾ綾֮ƳĵҩҲ̺綾ͨ˷ñؽжɥ
ֻϧһЩɻľǶһ㶼ΪаޣַǷܹⶾҵҲ޷֤㻹طõĺãҷٻаʱŻᷢʱΪʦᾡ취
ºᣬΪʦҲЩҪæϾˣʱԴ㣬űȱʮŬлͷصģɫ
лʦ̻壬ӶŬʯɫһ˵ʦ֪μΣӿлμӣ
һ㶣漴ҡͷҪϻһ˿ģ㲻ܲμӣԪϾӣǿȥģ
ԭˣǵӾȲʦˣʯ˹֣ӣֱȥǻصԪ
ôû°ɣҼǻΰ⣬γ鷳ֻ֪ͨʦȥˣٺ١·ϣСһԴ˳
Ŷԭ֪ͨʦʯЦЦΪ˻ҲԼٵæʯӡܺá
һ鵤һö׻͸ɣҪȥ顣ʯڵ
Ǹûз𣿡Щ˼ͷ
ʯڵЩԪϾõма취ۣӱϾֻǻʯоԪϾӴ²ࡣ
ٺ٣ѵͬĺΰѧϰģģʲô綼УϾ˼޷֮зʦţνС̰綼ԪϾˣĽ
ԭˣ˵ﻹһЩмɣЩ㣬㿴ɣʱ˶㿴µ㣬ʣµĸҾͺˣʯóһЩӡ
úúãһȥ߼ۣˣӿ˿ϵķֻмŵͼף඼м˸߲ҵܵˡ
һʯҡҡͷſڴݷɸպֵ࣬ʯһ㶣漴Цŵ˵ͷ
ʯʦܣȻԪϾˣϲݷ΢Ц˵ЩȻ֮ɫ
ݷʦ̫Զˣ˷ʦ׼һֵҩݷʦҼ䵤ʯݷҲԪϾΪƺԼҪǿһЩóһֻСӣװһЩ
ݷʶɨɨֻСӣҲûв鿴ƺ֪ĿڵϴεǼ䵤ɣϾѡһ䵤ҲϤһЩһԣ
ݷɴʯһ䵥񾳽൱ҲİãȥЩͶԵӣݷɶʯҲǿм
ݷߺʯĹصʯţ¯һ֮£ǿʼ˵ҩ
аһ־綾ҪĽҩҲû֣֮һֶ˻ҽⶾаΪޣȻԶķʽ
γ϶Զ˽⣬ҲʯЩľ÷ΪʯԼⶾ֮ãⵤʯͼǵù죬Գַ׼ԼƣҲ˳һЩ顣
ȻԼʯȻ׼Ĳϼ㣬ԼЩܼңҲɹƳһŵġ
ʯһ߿ҩһС˵ҩڲʱը¯֮Դʯ˳ǿĵֿԣʧˣһΣ


һһʮĻ ϻ
ºĳʯڣ
ҩ΢΢һصһһһɶϢţһźĵ輤
ʯҪȥץüһסӣֻóһֻСƿæҩ漴һһƬâϯɢ˵ڵζ
ֵҩţҲ֪аγԵȥʯҡҡͷ
ʧܣƳһŵҩʣЩϣǿԼһ£ãҲһ飡˵Żʯ

ڣԪ
Ԫ·ʮϣһϴȻ֮ɫγϺҲС
ʦûԪϿ˿·ˣһ䡣
ҡͷ̾Ϣһȥҹʦ˵Ȼ˴£ͻܴھֵһ꣬˷Ӳμᡣ
ߣάӣȻɱԪϾӣһӣֳͷҪǴϿڣΪִϣҿ϶һЩγɫһ˵
ɫһγϣʦȻдʵЩ֣ȻѾȥǾͲҪŲˣȻʦƢʲô¶ó˵껰γϲƤһ
ˣϰ˰֣ʦԸ񣬵ϾһλϣЩҲʲôγϽʦһԪϾӻɱҲֻ˵һп޵ɣϷһû˵ʲô
ϣλԺҲҪԽУϾǳϣȻɲûǣԪϾʧһûʲôϵȻһЩԹޣķѣÿ϶Ƕϵһܺõӡ
Ǹʯŵʱ˵Щ죬ϷԼһһöʵ飬ӳ˽龳ޱȣϷ򶼸еЩȤ֮⣬ھûʲô̫֮ˡ
ȻҽԪϾȴ˽ʱ䣬㣬ˣȻ龳ʯСӿ죬ȴǺԪϾٶԶʯͬԼŬõ֦
ÿһλֵ£мȳ͵ĵӣϾʱ䣬罫˼ϣʤ̭ĵشӦġ
ȻЩЩĵӣλҲҪˣʱһɶսЩӱС壬ҲһֲСڵ
ڹɽһǲͣڻϴĪ˵ǰȻǼǰ֮УһѡûС
ЩڹɽչѸͣǲ£ЩȻڹɽĶ֣Ǵ˷ϲȥǰ֮У£Ժͺʲô͵ˡ
һڵĺҿ֪ԣأѡӣֳɫߣؽ
嶼лֲ룬ΪԲ飬ֱΪĲɡԡҪǿ
ĲԲض˵ǱһЩĹӶúΣЩɲóʫţԱƴսӦýȥǰ壬Ҫ˦ȥˡ
֮ɲóֻɽóЩɵǿǵ䲻˵ȥǰǰ϶ûʲôġ
ԣϣϣͷλҳӣʱһһ£⣬ֱӲμᡣ
ԣһԪϾӣҲѴﵽԪϾڣڽ벽˷
˷أȻԪϾڣ˷һڵЩԪϾڵĵӱԣΰ⣬һ㣬ܽ׵ڣֱӶ
ԣҲǴո֣ϾǿܱȷֳɼǰмóҲһûᴳǰġ
òǰһǰѡҲҪһģ޼ʵ˽
һλϹϵǾǺʹϹϵʱ򼴱ڹɽӣҲУҲ
λѡӣϻͨɣ˷ԪϾӣǰȥսǼҲãλϿ飿
ȻǴϵ˼ҵȻû飬ǼʵڣӦѡֻϧʦŮӣصźһֱչز
˵Ѿ׵ԪϾڣ˷μѡʵڿϧˣγ̾Ϣһ漰ʱγϵûбֳ˼
ˣʦ飬ᣬ̫ƫ̻ӣŶʦ㶼࿴ҵȶ˵棬ˣȥ׼ɣ˵꣬˼򵥵˼䣬Ƿ׷ɢȥ
ڻŴϵĻʯʼıֵȷʣ龳ƺֱҾͲδһ㣬֪Ϊν׻㣬ǰ㳤ʱ䡣
ԺĽףٶȾǸӼٿڼϵûʱȥЩϾԼһԪϾӾʮˣʯɫĴڡ
ȻƽʱչЩΪᣬҲòԼҲ£ȥһ³ɫĵ׼Ӧս

ʮպ
ʯĵвϺٴγɹƳһŵҩ뿪󣬻صիڣһƣ֮ɫ
ʯûмķڣڻЩֵͼƣȥ߰㣬ֱǷ
㣬ɣҪѧϰҰЩض㣬úѧѧҲͨīˣǸʲôڻĸʵûȽϣʯҡҡͷ
СվֽϣĿĽʯ¶һӵ
û£ҾзЩƣûʩչĵط㻭˰ǧ˵ãɣָָһСڴ
ǧٺ٣ǲ٣мֵǮֻǸһֶѣʯһ֣âһǽ
˶٣ʯڵ㣬ķ콣Ҳʩչ֮ҴȥȣպЩޣǶһʵս˵ȡһμ˳Է콣
˵Żʯ˴һЩϴһк뿪ţֳָ߼ƣֵصӸûжʣʯųƽվϣƽϼһǻһƿնȥ


һһʮ ټ
ȣһƬֱԵ
ʯ̤ɽڰУŴ˴ϤĻʯпƽɱޣЩȺΧ޷ߡ
𣿡˿žܡ
Χʱһ㲻ʯûд룬ȻԪϾڳʯĳ⡣
ԶϢȵϣ˵صĳ˱仯ԭڵΧһǱΣУӿͷ
㣬˲޳Ȳֶ֣һлʯοһ䣬˵ͷ
ʱֻɱų֣ǰʯȻǾ˲ԼԪϾֻͽޣʯʵ޷ʲôв
һշʩչԼס漴ֻ˹ȥֻԱֹͣɱŶѡ
зֻ壬ͷһξɱЩ£ɫЩһֻԱֻʩչһС򣬱ǼæˣҪ֪ʵǲԻɱһֻͨڸ߽Աģǿ൱໯
죬Աֻǰצڹϣù΢΢һȴ˿޺״˿ƺ˰ȫУ漴ԱĿ͹ԹԵʩչз
һУ׶ȺԱϣԱҲֻЩƤ˶ѣȴûƣʯ˲ãȻ̾ϢһΪһǽˣз޷ɱǰֻ޵ġ
Ȼûطȥʲôˣֻĥһзһʵս飬ԺԵǲҳ֡
һṦƺľɫ΢ףҲѸݡ
״ʯһ̧֮£һң湹ɵɫָ⣬ʯһ˦ǵ۵һû˹ԼֻԱڣǷ콣һ㡣
Աҽжδز˼£ûϢڷ콣ڻԹԱʬҲ˲仯Ϊ˻Ҽ
һֻԱ״ﻹеһͷǻΪһâٶȼȥʯὫŹһ̼佫ԱΪ˷ɻҡ
û°ɣʯǰһ䡣
£ֻԱ˵ãзȻҲûд󰭣п˵һ䡣
Ǻǣ൱໯һ㶼ͬǿһЩûʲôʵս飬Ҳû֣ɱҲҪö˽סҶУ˷ȫͺãʯϥһ
һϢûָ˱һЩֻҪޣὫʯǿޣʱָ㼸䣬ƣ֮ʱʯһ˽ޣ˼Ϣ
߰պŶ˽룬Ҳг֣˵Ľշ⣬ҲҡҡλΣһʱƬûʲô󰭡
ֵǲھʲôٶҲԽԽ죬ֻзӵʵڲ󣬲⵹ǹֲϾޡ
Ȼһֻͨڶ޳֣ʯһӣһĽֻħǰצһӣǵֵסǵħǰצҲˣЩζ
Ȼ൱໯ԲʵԿѹһԲ콣һûʲô˺ˣʯ˵Żһ
ǰһһңɢɫĽâֶʯ̧һ㣬ɫâħǼȥ
ħƺоΣգæǰצֵһ׼ߵļƣδ˵â̫ԶǵһĽɱȣħǵǰצʼһ±ǽ룬˲仯Ϊ˷ɻҡ
ޣҾͲŴˣ
һезٹ죬ֻǹԲ㣬֮ʣֻһ𣬱һɫâ漴Ϊһ棬˿æ´ڤ
ûϵа
ʯҲ鱦һֱڶ콣䷢ִֹܻԣƾ˵̫֪Ϊһֱӵĸо
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ףϴΣҲûôѵұ̫ǿˣʯɻ䣬Ȼɫ䡣
Сģδ䣬ʯɽһŽɫëԳԳ֮ľ޴
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ʯһ䣬˸߸˵ʲôСһವһ˳ʯֹǴڵһŮ޵ϣľ࣡
ףֿСһǿɰľཫ䱧ǰСԴľؿڣһֱǰצľǻ۵֣һ˫С۾Сǣĳʯըգۣ׸ʯһ㶮


һٶʮһ ᣨһ
պ󣬴ǣ
˵ǳ˻ʳҲһǣǴĵشڽƻֺ꣬ש߹ɫֵϵɫɫŻʷǷ
һͨ˼ңҲϵϹŻһЩԱˣֻѸ߰Ǯʵڽסֵϵĵ̯ԶȹŻĸ߹
һ޴Ĺ㳡Ϊƽ㳡˹㳡ԭƽţȴַǷͷܶһ㲻ǧˡ
ȴûһͨˣΧرأ˶Ĺ㳡Χˮйͨ˵ʵѽ롣
Ϊ죬ǴһȵᣬߵᣬȻͨ˲μӣһЩ壬֮Ҳԡ
ƽ㳡ĴһСʯ̨ʯ̨һɫĻǰΣ̨ǧϣֻǴŶֳ˶С
һγϡϡΪףǰϣԪϾں棬֮ЩˣûмϵӰ
ʯԣһӣ˽׳۵ĳ棬ֻǿҲ˸̾ѣһϴ˷뼤׷ʲô
ȻߣһЩɢޣǲСһΪ磡Ҫ·ȥʵף
ʯû˽̸ʲôܴǰʯ̨аɶߣϰڷΣȥ仪ǰһʯ԰ڷʮͨΡ
ʯ֮ϣ˿ˣһһŮŮʸ߹ɫţеŻʷǷֳһȣȥʱ򣬶˵Ͷʮҡ
ˣǻãӽǿŮӽţΪֻǱʵѿզһ֮ˣ
һӣ䣬ɫսףȥϳһɱϢ
һӳ컢һԲĴڣ˷ǰᣬЭᣡ
һ֮ϣһͷ׵ߣĿ飬棬һ˫۾ϴһλߵϢ
ǴҲ֮
Եϣ˿ʮˣһЩţ֮ˣϻ߼һ࣬ʮϣЩһԲĴڣһϢۺ
ЩƽʱŻ߼壬Ǽ˵һʩλȨشڣֻ￴ϼˣЩƽĸ߹ʧһ΢Цǫ͡
ÿż֮ˣ೤ϣʯ̨ʸûУʮҲǰ˴ţ壬Լʵ֮ˣһЩС壬ûʸ̨ϵġ
λȻ˴ţ嶼ˣǱ㿪ʼΣʱ򣬳΢ЦĿ˿ˣѯԵĿ˿á
Ҳãö˵һᣬǰᶼϴΪ֣Ȼ䣬˵˵ذɣǿһϣ΢Ц˵
ԪϵȻûЦЦ̨˿ڵҾһ£Ϸ˵䣡
󣬵ȴǴһ޾Ĵ͸۹㳡Զľ룬ֹ̨̰ͣ˽
λĹأز˵̫֮࣬ǰλͬѸ֮˽ãԣϷͰ̣Ϊһ±ã
˶٣ڵμӱߣ䲻óʮ꣬˷Ȼ࣬Ĳɡԡ
ÿһǰ߻֣ĵ֣ʮһ֣ʮԺԲƣ
ܱȷֳɼǰɣһǿӼӷ⣬ֱӻᱻӳ˴ߣ
ĵɣֱԺʱԱȱܻᵽѡһֺ
⣬ǰ߶лؽǰʮҲл影ѡĵӣӷ⣬ҽع¶һţƷ鱦һ
¶ʯ˫һգ¶һĨâƬ̺ʯ̾ϢһԭΪᣬҲǱűԴһЩ˵Լ
һֳ棬ʯǸоԼûʲôϣˣڻǰҪϹϾԼȡֲμӱҲǿְˡ
ʯԪϾһ֮УȻ˴ﵽ˺ڣʯ⣬ԪϾڸǴڣԼʵȥҲŰġ
˻ȡһŰ¶ŪһŰ¶Ҳãʯۼ޷μӱԣֻýϣڴ̽Ϣ֮ϡ
෱࣬μӱڶ࣬Բʹ̭˷ʱ䣬һֱԣҲսÿѡӲμӡ
ͬһŵӻ÷ۻֻͬܰۼƹӺ󣬱ӸԵõһ֣˵õȣǽڵ֮󣬲ٳ֡
ָָɫĻڵĻλ߼Ա֤߲ܸţĻ֮׼˸ֱԵߡ
һսĻ׼õġ߳ȡ߲ʹӵڼʱΪ㡣
ȻʵȺ֮ˣܹ߳ȣôʱ̵ķʽ߳Σķݲ͸¶ˣڵһӣ׼̨ˣ
˵껰ʯ˫ĿһУȺ֪ڶ˭μӵһֱԣҰأƴĳ棬һٶ࣬Ҳ˱ʱ䣬һֱԾʤ


һٶʮ ᣨ
顢ΰУһԣ˲μӣվΣ˵漴Ӱ߳Ⱥǻΰˣ
ʯɫһȥװ׾ȻһԪϾڴڣһĽ׳꣬žôʢԪϾڣڻΰڲǰս׵ڡ
ԪϾȻ٣ƣֻܹսס߳ȻǼʱԽԽãҪúΣǱҪһˣ˲ʤ㣡ɫȻķԸ
ǣӽǣͬĻش漴ʯ̨ȥ
ϣλ׼ĺܳ˷ڶȻܶúΣǰʮûʲô⣡ʱλһԣڹɽĶУһ䲻ȵ
ߣѵڹɽܱ֤ǰ壿ͲǶǰ֮һط
ŶȻԸ⣬ģΣ˷ڹɽܳɼ߹㣬Ǿ䡣˵һߣ˵껰ɳˣҲһڣڡ
ҪڵܳɼԽ㣬Σγϲÿɷķһ䡣
򵥣ȻڹɽˣΪۣڹɽʮڲμᣬȻҪҲһ߻
ʲôγϵɫһ˴Ķע˿ûӦ˵ע֮Ѿì֮У
˫ĿһУڵⳤϣ˼Ȼǰڹɽϻ̨ϣ䳤Ҳ̨ϣ̨¾ǼֶעδЩˣ
裬ұȾˣ㽫СӽϷԺڿһЩʱһ߼Ц
ܺ꣬ߣϷһʶһ˦ۣڹɽһֹͣ˽̸ǹע˳ϣʯҡͷ֪ڹɽֵ
˿̣ʯ̨Ѿۼ˰ӰͶڶʮ£һʿ죬ƹʯ̨ɫĻһࡣ
ֻɫʿһӣ޴ɫĻ·ǳһŻɫʿˣ½ĽĻ̨֮¹ھ޷˵ˣ
˾ɲ֮ʣȻ־޴ɫĻϹϼһȻֳӰƺͶӰһ㣬ʵ̨¶Զľ룬Կ
ԭĻм֮ЧЧ棡Ӷǰľе棬̾ѣʯʼ磬оֻǿһ¶Ӱѡ
ɫĻ֮ϣֻλζѣһڣʵǽڣһȣֻһǽ֮Ϸûڵ߲ܿ
ʱߺȻֹͣ˽̸ΪĻ˱仯ֻһһ֣ӱϼʼ
ʯɻ󣬱濴֪ͨͨʲôѶӣѵּ߶սʯ²֮ʱĻ
ĻϹϼ˸Ӱζһڲ֪ιʣȻ˸еͽ׷ţУЩڱ֮ˣʵѹв
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ʲôˣôôߴ󣿡
ˣʯû֮˵Ľ̸
ԭܣƶɣ߶ɷӳǿսʹУսʱޱȣȷмܣһ嶼Ƕս֮ʱŻᶯãϽ
ܣʯһ˵֣Լ²ⲻȷս
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ǰҲɣҪҪ̫ߣص
ʱֳһİӰۿǰֻʣһϵˣڹɽһҲʼҲԴϣһӰԼ֮ˡ
Ȼ䣬ڼͬʱӰһһڹɽӣֻԱһ㣬Ҳǰ벽ѡ
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΢΢һЦһսԽһĹΰڶ¶ҡŷŷ㣬ǰÿ˻֣ɽɽ־ڹɽɴÿ˻֡
ң㳼ڰϼھ¡ʮڻΰÿ˻һ֣ǰʮԲơ
ڵʮۻ֮ϣԵʮճڶĲʫʣλ׼һ£ʯ˫Ŀ΢УɫȻĿһС


һٶʮ ᣨ
ųϵıԣʯҡͷ˴֮һţŮ֮Ӳĸǰʮ֮УҲһ㡣
˵𼸴ʯʵûǿֻһŷ壬ǿǰ֮Уеļɴ౻ǰʮʵҪǿһЩѹʵ
û뵽ڹɽȳɫӣֻǲ˰벽ϸ̾γҲϧҡҡͷ
ٺ٣ʵ˥ˣò˶ãҪ֮һλˣڹɽܺ䳰ȷγϸҪŭ
ڵڶĲɱԣһÿˣֻǰʮÿ߸һʫʣĿԱΪ
ȻϷһ߽ϣʫʶӣλ֮ˣһѡ֣Բֲ֮£
ʯϳȴ޷ڣΪԼҲǰʣᱻ˳ЦֻգϳˣȻлΰֻ鱻ˡ
߽Ļ֮󣬱īֽ׼׵˵֮ڶеĿʼڤ룬еֻ΢΢һ٣Ǵһӿʼд
ʫʶɫĻʾЩдʵЩдȴǺһ㣬ʯҡͷ֪۲ͬΪˮƽޡ
̨ʱ̾ʱЦ׷׿ŲߵƷһƷͷƷ֮ʱʯ̨ϻãӳ֮ˣʼ
ЩףΪԼһ˶ӷ֣֮ڴˣЩ³ҲΣЩֱҡͷԼƷʵ̫
ʵҲǲƷһȣо̫뻤ҲңЦ𹫷Ĳ
Űʱңöһ֪֮ͬҲҷʲôֻܹԼ˲ˡ
վΣ˿ˣڵˣڶϷһ½һŷŷ㣬ڶŴϼ֣
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ֻЩ幫ӣʱѧϰʫ֮£ɴ˵㵹Ǻֻû뵽˷ΰ˵ЩĲɣѹڹɽֲμӣ
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֣ڰ¶֣ھ֣ʮң֣䣬̨ٴλȻҰԿϧȥҶϼ壬ֻڵһõһ֡
ٺ٣ǰ岻Ǻܷ𣿻Ǳڲڽ£ǵĵλʼҪγƳһڹɽ
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ʯһɳ䳰ȷſóŻԹ²˵׵ģһл̵Է˭ԥʲô
ϵ˱ˣʵҲұ֤һֱסǰģϾԣϵ˵ҡͷ̾ϢȻҲɳˣһɳϽûʲôϣ߸ѡ
Ȼ֮˽һڶڹɽĹȣ¶ϼ壬ڣŷ壬ڰɽɣھң棬ʮţ
Ϸܱȷ֣һĹ߷֣ڶŷ߷֣ϼ֣ڹɽ֣¶֣֡
֣ڰķ֣ھɽķ֣ʮң֣һλ׼ۼƼӷ֣ԲʱΡ
ʯˣŷǿŷ˫ȫϼ壬ҶϼҲĲʱ꼻һ֡
ʵҪĹǿ¶ĵǺֱܶ࣬ۺʵͲ˵˭ʤ˭ˣȻܿһӮ
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˵ûкθ˵ģͲǿǷٺ٣һֽΰɣγʮ˵
ʣõӳӣֻҪӣֳɫͿɱסǰ壬ԭûָʲô
ʯԥã¶ģߣɫ֣صʦμӣ


һٶʮĻ ᣨģ
Ҫμӱһ£ЩȻĿʯ
γϻعͷü֣ϻѡˣ˵ͻΪ˶ϷǼòΣҲ͵ĴڣҲȥۣ
Ҵ˷ѡϷԿ⼸˾ŶĴڣԭ뵤ڵǿ㻵˴£
һͨ꣬ʯڣϻǺǣ޷ͯ޼ɣͻСҲΪųѣֻﲻʺȥɣ΢΢һЦ
ϻͷȻ֮ҲԻˣȷûвıҪȥսɣ˷͵棡
ʯΣٿ˿γǸֻתصλ
ϲͬ𣿡һ䣬ʯ̾Ϣĵ˵ͷһ֣ȰʯʯƫҪȥײʯͷ
һ׼μĿĵӣ˫߬ȭͷɫЩס
ܲеϢ̫ЦˣһüʯֻɨһۣĿ
Ҳ֪˶ãԳְ˵ķԣҲ
Խһ¶ڶɽɣڹɽĹȣڣŷ壬ϼ壬ڰھţʮң棡꣬۷׷ס
Ȼر룬ǰĳɼ㲻֪ڹɽһԾǰһǴ˷Ҳˣҡͷ
γüͷһ壺ǰҲ׷ڹɽģֲеϾȻţڣѵҪįˣ
ܺһߣʣһøǰΣǰΣһǲϤ˵Ǿİɣڹɽǲڽ£Ϊʵûʲôģ
ϵ˳ûзʲôһɫȻҲٺڹɽܣڹɽһ䳰ȷ˼䣬Ȼζپûڿʲô
˰֣һۺܱȷ֣һĹȾŷ֣ڶڹɽŷ֣ŷ˷֣¶˷֣ɽ߷֣ϼ߷֡
߷֣ڰ߷֣ھ֣ʮңķ֣λ׼˵껰ʯ̨Ԫҡҡͷ˫ĿϣǷ˱
ʯڹɽܺǸǾÿ˷ԼһҪ취μӣ˵ԼǷΪ˰¶Ϊ˸ʦ
Ļ꿴Щţ±ʱ𷣣±Цš¡Ŵԣ˿Щš
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λϻͷһۣҡͷ̾ϢѣɫٴȻ֣ΰɫһԡ
ûõĶμֻỵҵ飬ΣΰŶΣǰʯ̨׼μӵ
Ȱ˵˼䣬ϻعͷڵĪҪȰˣᣬ״ãѹ󣬵ĳܲʧܣȥҲֻǶ˶ѡ
ʦǾͲȥˣЩʡ
ȥȫʢ״̬ҲεģˣͬʱѡǰʮҲûϣˣ˵꣬ת
ʯһϲæ䣬ԣڴ֣صʦҲȱһˣõǰȥμӡ
γüͷһ壬Ҫ˵ʲôʯʧܣ˸ϣ¿ȱ˿Ц˵ĵûС
ұ֮֮࣬ҲһһʦλϣõΪڳһ
ԣγϳûз˫Ŀһղǻͷǿһ˿ЦݣڵðɣѹĪ˵ӣ»һֶҶ
ǣӽǣлʦлλϳȫʯ˵˵
ʱڹɽܺЦ벻벻ʵûˣȻʱ˶ڻӣһʧܣҲ㶪ӣ
ܺ꾡Ŵ󣬸һЩ֮ˣȫĿڷ򣬷׷װЦѣǷ˱˲벻ڱ˳Цǰǲñ֪ʱˣܺȻûзŹᣬݺݵһΡ
ǰ˶϶ȥǶΪǰԵμӣĻҲһڹɽ˷ͷʯ˵껰ﳤȥܺʯ䣬Զ
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ڻȥɣסָúΣֻҪ˷ӮСӣΪʦнܺ΢Ц
ʦģСӿ¶ӮֱֵЦרҵμӱ˲ʵһҵʯǿȥϾ϶Ըμӡ
ʯ֪˵̸ʱŰɫĻ֮漴һ͸֣ÿڶһߵ¯ҩԱ߰ڷһҩģɫʿһ£ʯ˷׷߽͸ڡ
ʯȻ֣ܺߵǸڴҲڣԪϾڣμӹ߳ȣȻûеõǰʮΣȴҲǳɹ˹ȥսνͣٲڻΰ֮¡
ΰ붡οʯҲ΢΢һ㶣˾붼ԶʯһкΰĿʯһۣûп˵ʲô
¯ûĻҪʼˣɫʿ˵Żӷ׷ײٿص¯ҩƺڲʲô
ʯİĵ¯ָԼǰĲһоҲûףһ֮£ֻƲûʲôɹʵģʯڵ¯ȥ׼ҽɫʿһõġ
һĻʾɫĻ֮ϣڹɽܺ״ЦϷΪȻϳӦӲŶԣ;ʧܶը¯
û뵽¯ûСӿһҲûרҵѧɣܺһעʯ˸࣬׷׳Цѡ
ϵԣһڵĸɿ˼вɵðʯҪȥʲôˣɴ۲ĲһĿ


һٶʮ ᣨ壩
£ۼűҪʼʯæͣԼ񻵵ˣɲģʱϲõҩ
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ɫʿ˾ʹụ̀ʯ˼Σȷʵˣֵ¯ȻĿǰƼ¶ȿɱȵ¯Ҫǿ̫࣬ʯ˵ĵд֮ɫ
һĻȻɫĻϳֳ˿ʯ󣬿νǽζƺؿ˼ʱʱĿˡ
һɫΣҿ֮˵񣬺޲Ҹطȥר޵ûв֪¯ģʯȻûѧԸ²μӱϿʼΪʯЩοڡ
л׼ˣʯûں֮˵۹⣬Ū¯֮󣬱˺һ
ɫʿ˵ͷ漴ڴƬռ䴫˳
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ʯʯУϸĿ˼֮󣬱ǽʯ£漴˫ĿһգԺеѾʼ֡
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Ȼ䣬ʯо΢΢һΣСķΧڣһ磬ѩƮ䣬Լһ
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ߣ̤ţɱ˶޹
˶ٿ£

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ʯԭЩƽϣһ˿أһƬ̺˫üһüһ־Υļ֮ɫƽٱ¶ȴ
ʯ׹¶޸ĸĹ»ҰһؼҳԷ̤ɱ޹Ǿ͸Ц̤ʱж̣ͬûм
ʲʲôԵ˾ӣԼĹ˲ңҲˣҪɱңɱıҡ
ˣ޹һ˵ԹˣֻܵһͶ̥ˣʯ˫Ŀһ˲ָ

㳡ϣе˽˶ɫĻֻǹĻϵӰģģҲĳ
ôģͻȻˣ
ٺ٣ǸΪףרɣ
Ǿǣ̶ˣһˣʲô
ڹɽܺһղɻΰ붡ζѾը¯ֻʣǸ׳գȻһֱûը¯ҩƾı£Ӧûûпʼ۵裬ûը¯˷ʱѵóҲʧˡ
ߣҲը¯ֻʣһûը¯ҩ˵Ҳûпʼ۵衣γɫ˵
һʶ˵ǵɰɣǵ¯ûǿһɰնûУܺ˵ƽϣʵԼҲûаգϾɻţÿѧϰʱ򣬿ûо˵ѵ
ãϷ򹫲䣬ɫĻ΢΢һٴγ˱ֳ龰ֻ˶뿪˵¯Ź㳡Ҳ֪ĸӳɹ
һĹȣڶŷ壬ڣԻ֣δ䣬̨һƬȻڶʱüЦڹɽɫ
ΰʦȻսߣĲ뵤֮ߣ
ĪҪ˵˵ǶƳɹģϴӵ׷ô£Ҳû˲µʯ
¶ɽɣڹɽϼ壬ڰھţʮң棬£ҹһܳɼ
һĹʮ֣ڶŷһ֣¶ʮ֣ɽʮ֣ڹɽʮ֣ʮ֣ϼ˷֣ڰ˷֣ھ֣ʮң֣
֪˭ƳɹģγϿʯ˻Żΰ붡ζһ䣬ֻǶ˵Щ㣬ЩֵĿʯ
ߣ˭ɵҲǸ˵󻰵ķܺ䳰ȷǵʯʱĴ󻰡
ʯ˵ʲôԼһֻռ˲Կһתĵǰʧˣⵤҩɵģܺ棬ڹɽˣôһ
ﶼ磡
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⣬ҩƳɵģϻ䣬ڹɽ̼͵Ŀ⣬ʯ΢΢˵ͷ漴صλλϵ𾪡
ʵԪϾӻƵҩʵûʲô˵ģǰ൥˭׼ģܶ಻רѧϰĵӣûмġ
ָָҩͨһ֣ҩһЩӵ޷ƣΪŪ鵤ȵҲŪ
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֣ڸʲôԻǲɣôֵӲܺüͷһ壬Щ²ⲻ͸ˣʲôԼһС䡣
ڹɽͬеһۼƼӷ֣ڹɽ֮ǰ˿ǰϣˣϸ˵˵Ŀʯһۡ
λãʯȫʤѹڹɽǸڳ˼˸⣬ڶӶۼʯʳʶ̣һͶȥĿ⣡
Ƭ̺ɫȻǸ˵̫ˣһ֮ٴ˵֮ϣڹɽһʤڣǻûϣģƽ֣һ䣡
γҲǳĬĿһʯоâ˸ڵǿѾûϣһȻʯܶǰ뿿
˫Ŀһ˵ʯȥγ϶һۣ΢΢˵ͷֻԶʯ˻￩һ£ԼĲᰡ


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ǰû뵽ʦˮƽôߣҲѸĿڳƺʦ֡
ʯʦ֣ʱ̽ɣ˷ᣬʯʦֵҵȰ˿һӳݵ˵
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ѵֺηΪӮһΣӮˣɸϷģܺ꾹Ȼ֪ܣһСģһԼһĳԷĶ̴ġ
ûȤʯʼ磬ģЦʯɲҳ嶯ԼһϲͨӮ˶Է
ʯΪʦμӴ˷ˣʱת˵
ʯһڣʦӲᡭʯɲҳʲôӢۣûյ飬Ȼȥ
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ڵˣѾСӶˣܺ᲻ϵ˵˼ʯʱãʯԡ
Ҫ˵̫֪ûӮû᣿ϳܺ漴˿ʯ֣ص᲻޷ͺã
ҡʯû˵꣬ͱܺϡ
ҿǾͲҪˣ˳˷ǰɣӮϷԸ䣡ôõĵӣȥˣǷȥҲֻǶ۶ѡܺƲƲ졣
ʯ˫ȭһգܺʵ̫ƣˣʧֺηȥ˵ʱܽһΣʱܺѿ
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ҵ֮ͬϣҲ˵ǰһֶ̽ѣ̨ɣǿ΢Ц˵ƽ׽ˣֻǶЩʵ˿ûвŻ֮ˣǿӲƲ𣬶ڻʹ̫ˣϲ
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㣬Ҫģ鷳ͲҪټߣӦþͲΣգʱһΣȻͻģʯֱվڲͬȿڣɫһ˵
ҲҪСģ֣صĵ˵ͷ漴¶һʯĵ΢Ц
ʱŷһֳŴ˳Թͼõ󷨳ȣͨ߻ʤʼ


һٶʮ߻ ᣨߣ
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ƬɳĮޱ޼ʣХгɳһڵ𣬻ЩС͹ֻ֣ҪС룬ͻᱻС
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ȷʯɲһ䣬Сŵĵ˵ͷţҡҡͷСԴʯѪĳ嶯


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ʮ֣ɽʮ֣ڹɽʮһ֣ϼŷ֣ڰŷ֣ھ߷֣ʮң֡

̨һƬȻΪ˷ܵ壬һӣҲΪ˶úθ˲ѣеǳĬ̾ϢڹɽΪѹ֡
̨ϳ峤һ֮ˣȻϲУûб¶̫ԣԪһֱ΢Цţ֮޹ؽҪĻ⣬˿û̸顣
ƴ֮֮ͨ٣ѹһԪϾƾľһ½ͰɣǿӵЦ
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䣬ӰȺ߳ʯ̨֮ǰӳʯ̨ǰ΢΢һЦ漴һóöָ
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ڹǾܲСĴڣĹƷʡȥ˸ÿϴĲԴˣֲÿŶͷǰ
ڡɽǰߣ⹩꣬ڹһ֣ɢɣÿһҪ֣ȥѰ֣
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ڴ˻ţ˿ɾͲһˣϵҪõӣΪʯӮһͿʼԴޣˣ˵ʲô˵ʲô
ĲɣߣڹɽܺһߣһһûмСӣ鶼ûжȻڳԱĲʫʶֱǡԳľɽУСҲҶԾ⣨䣩ǿЦ
ԣһɫСҲҶԾ⣨䣩֣ͬν˲໰ָʯСҿڳԶԾ޷Ŀνա
ɫ΢ŭʯһС˵ͯ޼ɣ˼Ҳû˵Ĳɣ˳Щ̫ˣĿѳʯԲǿɾѿˣС궯ʯ̨һɳҲְû˵
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˸ޱ󣬶ԳľνֻСӶ⣬ԢСҶԾ䣨⣩ָʯܻԾ
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߽ͬ˲໰ֻʯԸʤһ
СӣңϷɱ㣡ܺ¶ŭ֮ɫһվΣϵ赲Ǳڹɽⳤ
ܺ꣬ɱʲôط㹫ȻɱɵӣΪӲ𣿡ⳤ˵ֱ꣬ܺ۲ǿѹŭ
֮һƷζ׷ֹ̿һϣһСŪܣƫƫԼģⲻ
СӸҵţϷԲŹ㣡ܺȻ嶯ûֱӿڣǸʯʯԺл䣬һĲᡣ
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ߣҶڵӣɴսǸյõ影ԴҪǿһЩΪڻ㣿Ц
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ʯ˵Ķ˺ϲоʯĲɲǿȴƲƲ죬ִʫԣʵûʲôȤ
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ܺĬãкȻðһ뷨ڵϣȻάӣ˳ɫǿɸҼִǰĶԼ
ʲôԼȻ
ǶĶߣ˳ᣬó˷ǰͷܺ껺˵Χ֮΢΢һ㶣ѾˣҪԼ˳ᣬѵܺ걻ɵˣ
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ðɣǶ˹ȥϸоһ£ǿӿڵϻصλ̨Цһչ׷¶ֵı飬û뵽һʢݣ˲ڴ


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ԪϵһһƬϿա
ֵǣȻڣӵˣȴ˵Ľ̸ֻˣܹԪϽʯһ
ϣô죿һ䡣
Ԫüͷһ壺սߣһ˵˵ƣǻô죿ȻǴӦǿҲͬģҪ֪ǵսҲ˲
һƣڸûʤ㣬ǺܳɫЩڱҲõ˺óɼһϸֻѹڹɽ
ĲϻΰʯԼܼ֮ǰ壬ʵռǰֵıˣܱȷ޷Խڵġ
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ҲǳЦѣ󲿷˲ûгЦΪоʯֶѾǲˣ仰˵ֶͶӦĲɣ⡣
Ÿǧ̣ˮƱңֻŷ˫Ŀ΢е׽仰Ƭ̺˫ĿȻһߣÿļһȻ


 


һʮ ⾳
ֶҲ˵óڣǺ
ûлΰڳĲһעҪ䣬ϣһáӣܺ곰֮˴űӵĿ⣬ŹĻϵʯҲɫѿֻ̾Ϣһ
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ŷ˫Ŀ΢У˲ŷ⾳ĺôǾһٶȵĿһ߶Զû⾳ӦԣԼ䣬ŷѾʯһǱڵĶ֡
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ڶսڹɽɴʤͬһʱ䣬˱˶ֽ⣬ϾʯֻһԪϾڡ
ӹȻãϵһЩԪϾڵĴˣʱӳһ䣬Ȼʯӡ󲻴оԪϼ״ΪʯеˣõӳЩôġ
˾ϣǵԪϾڣδػ䣬ȻǱΪͶӹʵˣֻܿʵ˵΢Ц
Ǳˣʺˣӳ컢޵
ڹɽƽ֣еԵ׼ʯڴڻֱ¯ǰ
ȥڹɽذɰⳤɫ˵һ䡣
ܺ˼üƬ̺¶Ȼ֮ɫ漴촽΢ȴûκƺٸĳܴһ㡣
ͬһʱ䣬ӳ컢΢΢һ㶣Ŀܺ꣬ϴһ˿Լһֲмı飬漴תͷ­дһ˿
ţ컢˫ĿһУҲ֪ʲôЩȻ֮ɫĿ˿ܺ꣬ɫĵ˵ͷ
ǺǣСǱĳԼʶһû컢˵껰ҡҡͷ
ǺǣϷʲô⣬Ƕ뿴ʯСӣȥԹһ°ɣ׼ΪѡЦЦ
Ǻǣĳȥȥ컢˵껰˱أʯڻĹؼʱ̣ƺ˶С۵裬ֻʯٶԱȺڻһЩ
쿴쿴һӦ۵ˣֻҪһɣʯʦܴ˷Ӯˣٺ٣治ǿٶȶǺڻ죡ڶθ˵˵ȻԼûвμϣΪʯеˡ
ǣʯʦȫһʵʯƺʤϣ
صһ
ʱһը¯ֻ֮ʯҩһΣһڵŨ̹ðһ㶣漴¶ϧ֮ɫ
ߣδ˵̫ˣ˵ӸڶֻɫڹɽԣֱЦܺ¶һյЦݣɫ


һʮĻ վ
ڻҩ˳Ƴ֮˽
ԵڹɽʤӮ֣ʱȣԣ׼ã˵
ֳڣӳЩϧĿ˿ʯӲαװʯվһͨڴ˵ʲô
㣬ֻԼˣҲҲǰ״ʯ֣ص˵
İɰҲʧģɫء
㣡ʯץס֣С飬Щôʯ䣬ڽ黯һâһĽڣ˾Ͻ֣û˿Ĵڡ
ãȽͨˣ˵꣬ѡһͨ˽ȥʯһԥ˳ͨڡ
ӳתŹĻ֮ȥֻǰһֻ΢΢һһѼ޵ĺһû֮ͨڣ۳ڳ⣬һ˷֡
صλ컢ޱ飬˹ۿɫĻϵ龰
ʯڹĻЩ죬һֱ벻֮ͨǰúõأӦǵɿ¯֪ΪΣȻȻը¯ˣŬ֮ڻ˵һ
ʯǿǰΪǸţҡͷ̾Ϣʼ磬ƺʯʧܣûие⣬ֻЩоϧˡ
ܺ¶֮ɫٺ٣ⳤϲسü˵СſǣʯʧܣѾ֤ǰʤʵңſСѾͷɡ
СѾͷ֮죬ѵɴȴͨⳤЩȻ
ȴȥٺ٣ܴܲͨһˣֱǣܺ˻һڼλ¶ŭɫƫƫҶ˵ʲôһʱʧܣ˵Ĵ񲻳Դͣ
ÿ˶ޱȽţҪ֪ⳡغ󣬲ҪóǰҪʮ˳ᣬǽһ޴ʧֻǣϣֻܼˡ
óĵˣӮˣҲӮ֣ʣ·ǿһϣûˣγ̾Ϣ
֪ͺãܺЦԣӮǾӮˣ˷Ҳذɣֻ޷ʤøһĲҰܣϴλҪң
㡭˫ȭһգǿûзŭȻ䣬ϴ֮ͨ
쿴쿴ǸСѾͷֵ˵һʵ̫ˣ
ôģôоϴٶȻ죿˵Ѿµ𣿡
˭֪أѵǻˣȺ۷׷ףĹעʼߣԽʯһһһŮ
ܺ¶Ȼ֮ɫ漴˿ӳ컢ߵϣҲǴһ˿ȣȻҲǸеЩ⣬˵ı飬ƺô촳ٲܱɴ죡
ôҾ˵ȫǿ˵ǿҲǳܿܣõ˵ڹɽⳤɫѿ
ʲôʣµóҿٺ٣ɴ֣ǺڻӮǣţȻǲԶġ
Ҫ֪ڹɽǰĺóɼһȫҲϲڹɽĳɼСһ
һṦɴͷڳ˳ѴɫɵȻ˼֡
ãĿǰڹɽӮ֣Ŀǰƽ֣һʼ֮ƺڱذܵĽԪϣҲɫء
ڹɽһȻĿǰƽ֣һȣûںıԣ
ڴڻһʯ̨ڷŸֲϣһԷƵ¯ҩþߣڻѡ˼ֲϣ֮У߶¯ǿᣬһṦļֲڻ
ʯһۣҡҡͷʯһʯ̨þת˼Ȧֿ˿ܵĲϣֱ֣뿪򣬾Ȼֱӷˣ
㣬ǿˣɣҲᣡʯ˵껰һЦڻԲɵһЩýڵϡ
ڻʦܣҪ˵㣬Ʊã۾һ룬һذףҲ׻ʤСԲᣬɴЦ
ʯûǣԹԵС̸
˰СҴţ֮ǰЩˣ֪ΪΣҸоҵͨ󷨣ֽţչͼó󷨣ˣü΢塣
ֽţʯ΢΢һ㶣Լûȥ˵ȥҲʲôԼеǰһ䣬ǿɾȫ̽ˡ
ôһ˵ƺҲоһЩ쳣ҵĵʧܾƺҲ˶ֽţԪϾȻû£ʯ°ͣ¶˼֮ɫ
ѵǡû˵˭ʯĿӣǿһͬĴ𰸣΢΢˵ͷɫҲԽ
˵Ǹûа취ʤˣЩ⣬ýõһӮ֣ʣڹɽԣٶʲôֽţĻǾЩ£ҲǱɣʯɫһ
ȻЦЦ⣬㿪ʼûμӹ˲֪ƷóСΪǲӦòʲôֽˣ
ʯһ΢ЦҲδأǲòٺ٣ڲҸ˵̨׳սɰɣ˼˼䣬֪ʯ˵ʲôЦݣȻ¶һüӣֻʯһ˿͵Ц
Ҳ֪˶ãڴڵĳһѾذף漴߸߾ٹͷһ˷֮ɫ˼״ƺʧȥ˿ȤϾȨֻһǻʲô˼˸оڹɽӮˡ
ãڹɽʤĿǰڹɽʤ֣ʤ֣ʣһ
ʯŷֽīֽ׼ϣҪʱڣƳһöмͽ׻λ׼ʼϣӳҪվΣƺҪء
ʱ̨´һƬ̧ͷһɫĻϣʯƺַ˱컢һԥԭλá
ڻɫصʯǰһ֣ҲǾʤܵһ֣Լ˱ǾζսʧܣԣԼֻӮ䣬ҲضԴ
ʯվԭأɫѿûеʯһǷķڻ˿ҲԽñġ
ڻʦܣСӷ϶У˵ڱԷûܳԽģҪţӾͺãɴ΢΢һЦ˵ڻǵ˵ͷ
ڰӣϽ˫ȭڹɽһЦܺ˫ĿһУ¶һıóѵЦݣ˹ۿ˺ڻĸ˱ݣ
ΪʯʱȻ嵽ʯǰٶȼһŷֽ˿̺ڻѻƺһöģ˼ʯͻȻ֪ʲôֻʱԷȣ˰ġ
컢˫ĿһУһԥ֮£ڵٺ٣ĳϲҽȥԹսԱϣվΣƲŲæʵٶȼűֳȥ


һʮ ʯ
ڻʯһ㶣ɴҲ¶ɲ֮ɫ
ֻʯҿַɣ±ǽֽ棬ֳʣպһЩī֮󣬱ǿٵĹ˷ģȻȺڻȻöģٶ֮죬ɴֱۡ
ʯһ߻Ʒģһ߿˿˶һ֮΢Цĵ˵ͷ漴ųȥֻĻڴͣû뿪ֳƺڵʲôһ㡣
⣬Сٶô죿
ֱ󣬻Ʒٶ̫ˣѾԽڻˣ
ߣںܿкã̫ë˷ã㿴Ը񣬺ʱһһӡ֮ʱȻʧܡ
ϾӡƷؼĵط
˽᲻һԭоû˼ıٴαһ߷壬ڹɽûбϲ飬ȫǾɲ۹ⶼʯϡ
쿴Ҫ˫ַӡ
ɣмԪϾ˫ַӡͼ࣡
쿴ÿٶȣġȫһٶȣҪɲâٶˣ
㿴һɣ棬Ȥģ
˷˵ıȴʯһ˵ıݣʯַ޵ľٶ˵Ŀⶼ˹ȥ
ٶܳɹƳǿţɲ˵
ʱֻâһӳֶվǰƺסӳѯһЩʲôӳƲͣ򵥽˼䣬ƫƫߣȻӳǰ
Ѿͷôûò϶ϵ飬˼ǰˣʶ
ǣѾͷԺ϶ûչѽ㿴ӳ˰ɣ
ʱ컢һӣǽƵԶ漴һģʯڻͬһʱ䣬ʯֳһöӲӵķ߸߾ٹͷ¶ʤЦݡ
˼ǰһʯ˵Żһ˿޵ĺ⣬漴˿Զ
㣬û°ɣʯ˵껰΢΢һЦʾԼû£ʯŷ
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ڹɽ֮ˣһ̾ϢѣⳤɫǷϣɫܺͬ˪ӣгãȻ֮ɫ
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㳡Ǹ֮ˣվΪʯȲʣʯıֵôҵĿޣÿһλ֪Լﲻ̶ֳȣ֮ǰǰˡ
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ԣüͷһ壬ҡͷϷûʲô飬ЩƣΪ˶ԸڹɽǺôֱʡ
Ѵ˻⣿Ԫɻ
ǰΪ˴ǣȻǰˣǿֱӽǻãǣΪֵ㲻ÿ
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ȿȣʵ⣬Щ⣡Ԫϸɿʵڲ֪νͣҲûҪ͡
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ǰȻģҿҲӦʵˣǿ˵껰һ˦뿪˱ֳ
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˶٣ǿתȥѡӣɳѡʯһѡпˣסǿʯķϣŸǱ
ʯСѣлᶨҪʳͣҵͨƣɳ뱾ҵһֻľʫʣǿʯһƣתȥ˷׷Ľѡ
Ԫֻ̾ϢһĳĴһɵӣ뿪ǣųۣ֮ڷжȥ
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˵ӳȥԲҪ֪ǰӳʯмӣӺܿʯϻ
˵ʼֻǿûע⵽ı仯ӳʯ˱仯ȻҲֻҵĲ²ѣҶˣγЦЦ
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񣬴˷˴󹦣صɱؽڽҵȻȥϻ΢Ц
ΪžǵӦģʯĻشһ䣬ʵʯԸǵõ¶ɲһġ
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⣡޷ʯʵش֮ʱоȴȻը¯ΪԼʧ֣ͨҲֽš
ӲɴڻӦû£ֻӳԣҵٴνңװͻȻ֣ȥһʱ䣬ǵĲ²ˣûʲô֤ݵġ
Ȼˣγ˼ĵˣΪξ֮ߣУΪĲɣòɻİɣʯԣɵһ


һʮ ҵı
γϣǰеӵõֵҳõҩ԰ݷʦֿ֤ģڳɹʸߵͣǽҰɣǶⷽЩԡ
ڷЩӴǰŷҽȻ޷ƷЩ컭ƣ۾ԺܿĻ˫ַӡһֱܡ
Ĳɣʵûʲô˵ģŵдߣľڷѧϣгһշɻڴϴδԿңٸһΰǵΪģʵЩĺʯ˵
вϣγһֲϢһţʯЩԴϢ
ңֻʵʵ˵ΪųܻɣΪնɱаޣֵĽӰһδβţȥõԴʯȻɫͨ죬Ȼ˵
СӣȻͦǳ𣬻ûϴ֦أϺȻЦ˳
ʯʼ磬´󹦣޽Ҳзǣ⼸Ҳְ̫ˣʯ˵
ȻԪ˰֣ڵδ֮˾֪ںδѧĵ˵ùȥڿɽֵ̲ӡ
ƺ˶Բߣʯϣҵδޣδùʣ֪ʲôѯʴ£
γϲȻŭʯҪΪ´󹦣Ϳڳǰ˵޹˼ɣŹ棬Ϸһ㣡
ӴʲôŹ棿γʾѵÿӶҪ͸˿Լܣγϸ˵ɣÿӶûԼܣʯԵһ䡣
ϳûֹʲôҲǱտڲԣγɫһһףûҵʯɣȷĸɸ˵Ӻޱ˭˵ûԼܣ
ˣȥɣԪڵ
ʯһԥڵʦλϣӹҪ뿪ۣȲˣҪصŻһˣ
Ŷʲô飿һ䡣
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о綾϶ͷâһʯֻһεڣƬ̺󣬱ʧ
ϧˣǴ˷õǰԵõ¶ӦڵĶԣ˶Ϊ֣ϷҲΪ³һЩޣҽڵĶԡ
˶٣Ԫڵа취ʦľ黯ԪպÿԸӴ˽ֻҪپԪллʦ壿
ԣʯһϲֱǱγ϶֣γüͷһ壬ϼ˿˿γϣɫĺһ
ðɣ˷Ϊ˴󹦣ҾͲϧԪ˽γϲԸĺһ漴ʯϥγǻ

պ󣬴⣡
ʯôûǵõ˲ٽƤЦ˵
Ľٺ٣Ҳ£΢΢һЦ
ӿ˿ҡͷû뵽Ҳô֮¾ЩԪϾϵҲ磡
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㣬ԺҾͲˣԼȥҪȥһЩ飡ʯ˵
Сģɵ㣡΢΢һЦ漴ʯӼһ·Ż帽֮ʱۺȻͣʯ̤ɽ뿪ۣŹŻ巽ȥ

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˷׼ȥϻһаʯʵڲԸҲûа취ϾϵĶҲ޿κΣʯֱȥϻȣһ˿׼ȥʣû취һЩҲȥϻҪȫ
ٺ٣ˣҺõȣʱŻԵȻһӰ׳˶ƤڣȥЩ񣬵˸䡣
ڻʯһڴԪϾڣԼԲǺڻĶ֡
ʯ㲻ǺôôˣұԵķóڻЦʯͬ׸һ㡣
붯ɱңʯ۽һ
ΪҲңʦ֮ǰնɱһΪα𣬶Ϊ׶ʦ𣬻ĳɳǱԣûвɣڻ䣬ַ̧ųһɫ޸кҲʯһȥ
״ʯ˫Ŀһһ֮£һɫϼ漴Ϊһܻ߳ƣɫ޸һնȥ
صһ죡
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Ʒ鱦ڻ˫¶֮ɫ漴üͷһ壬ǼƷ鱦һԪϾڣӦ޷ֵԼǣڻǲ˽⣬ʯ֦жҪûЩ֧ţ˼Ʒ鱦ʯҲͰˡ
ߣΪƷ鱦ܱסСЦڻ˵Ż¶һĨ̵Ц⣬漴˫ƽ죬ĵ̫Ѩ漴˫Ȼһӣһͼ
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ʯǳû붼ڷȥ򲻹ɵӡ
˶мС㾹ȻңҺڻ첻ɱĲΪˣӲڻ˺ѷεĺʱԪϾ˵ֱ裬˫ֵ̫Ѩֻͷâ˸ܷХ
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ڻܵ˺ҧгݵĺҿܵĹңڻٶȼĳ嵽ʯƾҪ֡
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һ˺ѷΣƺҰްĺУںڻдⱲӴδֲҽУһŭɫ죬â˿յѡ
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ŵŵİʬ壬ʯƬ̣ǴһС򣬽仯Ϊ˻ҽ漴С«Լб
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СӣһţһݹԶģ֮£ǳʯǰ
ܺꣿãʯ붼ķųƽһ֮½̤ϣԶӶݶȥֱּ
ӣΣܺƺǲֱӻɱʯǲĸں棬׷ʯǱͷ亹ֱð
ǰΪƫƫҹȥʯһӶݣһ߿ڵ䷢ܺƺںԼè׽ϷָоɲܣվŵԲУƴӣƺҲֻͽ͡
ߣζȻ֣ϷŹ㣡㲻üҲôһ棬׷εѣԼӶݣܺЦ
ʯһ֣ͷһۣ̤ܺգŲæ׷ԼʱһݣƺֻҪһ߶ݹ⣬׳ԽԼȥпܱ׷
ۼܺԼԽԽʯһһ֮£һ⼤źܺ˹ȥ
ʲô飿ãܺ۽һʵ벻ʯϣΪλƷ
¡¡
һ޴ı˳һŴĿѶನϯȥԼһ׻ɢҷžž֮
ܺ껤һƻǰڱĴǱˣƬ̺󣬴ನɢһǱܺƣ¶ŭ֮ɫ
СӲףܺһŭʧȻ˾ɲ֮ɫһﻹʯӰ
ߣҿӵ֪ܺͷŶԲɷΧ鿴ȴûзʯټ
֣СôŰĶ٣ҲﲻѵŲƷܺ꾪ɲĿ˿ܣ漴ĳȥ

ϻȣһʯɽ
һƹ֣һʯɽһ㲵ӰɫҰף⣬ʯЩǱһ
Ӱ˫Ŀһ漴һСӣǱ׷ɱʹ˴ͷɣ˵ĺߣǻа
ȻʯЦЦǰӣ봫ͷסһͽҩ·ϣͿܱǸϹɱˣʯЩ¡
Ŷҩˣңаɫһ㲵ϴ˷֮ɫ
ʯҡҡͷڵǰǲȽҵĽҩǰһʳԣֻܱĿ
ʯִ濴ڣʯɽͨͨɽӣʯ֣ⱻаٴסֻڹ⣬Լʸ̸
ٺ٣Сģ㣡аһ˦һֻƿ˹ֱԵʯһ̽ǽСƿץУһȷʵһŵҩ
׾ͽҽҩ㲻ҩߵʯоҩ̫ףթ
ߣͷߵõ𣿡а¶֮ɫ
ʯͷһ֪ʱһֻֻ;޴ޣ˷˹ʯ֮ӽʮֻӡ
ˣʯһΣ˹֮ڣ漴һ΢Цһ˦һֻƿ˻а
ǰõҩ󣬾ͼŸ˹Ͽýⶾɣʯһĵӣ֮󣬷ʯɽһǸɽȻڣ֪ΪαһʯסˣǻаΪ
ߣСӻ㼤飬ǿŵҩ㾡ܷñǣȻܳĶԣȴӳϵаһҩ΢΢һЦ˵
ʲôǽҩʯ˫üһ˵
ٺ٣Ϸûгװȫװѽҩ㣿аЦЦһϼ޻ӡ
ǰⶾǰҪƵģ᲻ȫʯЩɻ
ǽҩףҼ˽ҩָ֮Ҳ˵һƿԣҪҼֲ죬Ƶ󣬷ұжʲô𣿡аüͷһ塣
ǰ֮ǰĽ׿û㣬Ҫ˵ԸһʯһаҪĲϣǰ״ģǿɲҩﶼ򵽡
־ԸϷϷȻ˵ʲôֻϷ꣬Ҳֵˣ㻹ᣬпǴ˵е˫һ壬ǰ;ʵڿϧаҡͷ̾Ϣ
ʯƲƲ죬Ҫ˵ЩʲôаȻ˫ĿâһȻȻƵˣôܣԲҲһֶûַƵģ
ʯһľϹ﷢ִ£ڸԼγϿ¾ûô׸Լˣһתʯһơ
ٺ٣ʦɲͨĴԲʿֱֽԽֻʦ˼Ҳ޶޷ƽڶ԰ˣʯ΢Ц
ŶȻˣϷٸ½ҲǶˣԼ㣬ĻҲԹԵͽҩˣٺ٣аһȻԷ˽ԼʵûҪȥ˷
֪ǰܽĽҩʯɫһ
˵ϷҾΨһİ취ǰѰҲ󣬷ҾͿܱаɫһ
ǰѲ嵥óɣʯʵû취ùȥҲֻܵͷˣҪһʺôģ̫ܲԿ
аһ˦һöʯʯӹһ϶ûƺһϣƷ
һƽ죬ƺûȻҲпòϣһָа취ӳȥһὫҩɽڣʱԼȡ߱ǣû취ߣôͼˣа˼ϸ壬Ȼ׼
ǰǵĿܵ뿪ʯһЦЦ
ŶʲôаϷʵĿʯ
Ѿˣ´ϹѶԸǰΪڣϱﶨȻ٣һЩҲδܲʮҲҪãʯЦЦ
ߣ̰ᣬʨӴ󿪿ڣҪҪӣҪŲϷһ㣡аоʯԼû١
ǰԼǺˣˣûбʵʱһʯ׼˻аҪԼͶˡ
Ĭãа˫ĿһУڵãʮһööͷһ౦飬ڹ
а˶٣ʯЩɻĿɽڣ㿪ڵСӣ㻹벻Ҫôˣרˣʲô


һʮ˻ ƶݷ
ٺ٣ֻ⿴ôѵɽʲôܣʯЩɻʵ
а˫ĿһУߣܣֻרϷ˵˵꣬аһâ
֪ʲô͵ıʯʵ
Ϸù֮һƷ鱦߶ʱƽշγһֻ壬Ӳ̶ԶǽշܱȣСˣаɫ
лǰǲ֪ʯһ䡣
ɣȻ֮࣬ʹһױΪƶݷ㣬ڵľֻһ㣬ֻ֮ҪʩչΪʵ
úһοɶݳɿ⣬Щʹʩչļ󣬶ҲģϾҪûģҲζԪ١
ԪϾڣԪʩչһμʧԪԵʱҪʹãһӲ̫㣬µʱֵûˣаһ֣һöԪָʯǰ
лǰʯ˫ĿһȻҪ㣬ʯҲ֪̰ᣬŭϹ˦һͨ
ʯƷװԼԪָ漴Ԫָа
ˣͽ飬ԼƶݷˣʣµöͷҪһµλãȻٽ㣡а˵꣬óöͷ
ǰöͷļʲŴЩʯ˫ĿһⶫжߣʯоЩ˼顣
ߣΪͨɣСӣ֣Ҳ򲻵ϷǵһϹַõĻƶݷԼʮöͷϷƽʱ᲻ʹãޱȡ
⴫ͷǿհλãûǰ趨λõĻǸ޷ʹõģϴֻһö֮λá
û뵽ʹ֮󣬻Ǳ׷ҿзûǰ趨Լ˴ͷֵõץвҪĶϷĶ֣
аЩ۵˵ҪΪ˱ʯ£᲻óа˵öͷһֶ롣
ʯȴʱһȥһʱ䣬аҲûϣʯ£ʯɽΧɽתܸоϴβ̫һˡ
Сӣתˣϣŷˣǵڱаɫһ㣬һ㣬öʯ
һʯ̾ϢһΪϹܷߣΪԼСʯҲò
ƹ⣬޳ʯͷϼ˸ε۵һʧ
а˫ĿһУ˿ʯʧķֿ˿ɽڣһ¶֮ɫҩٺ٣֪˴˴صأⱲӶҪҩˣ

Ż帽һƬڣ
һɫϼһʯӰֶһ֮󣬼æųƽ̤һߣڷȥ
Ϲ˵ڹŻȺʯɲóȻȥһʯҲûߴ··УȻ˷Ѵʱ䣬СҪġ
վڻƽϣʯаһö͸ɫӣǽ飬Ƭ̺佫ȡһöʯϱǼŻƶݷ
Ȼав󣬵ĿǰȴǿõٺôܺͶ˻а봫ͷ
ֻǶϻеɽƺʲôܣϼһСģһӽͰ֧лҪúȥоһ£ֻǣ֮ˣֻʣʱ䣡ʯɫһ˵
ʯȡаԼƿĵҩһ̶Ƭ̺ʯת֮£อʹм᲻٣Է
ʮֱӹϣЩϧˣЩɱ׬Щãٺ٣ʯ΢΢һЦûлаԼ׬ȡĳɱûС
պʯصڣһңԼڳԷʯҲûʲôһڡ
˳𣿡е˵һ䡣
ԣʯЦЦ㣬û뵽֮ô
ԣЩ㣬Ƭ̺ʵûи㣬𣿡
ʯҡҡͷ㣬ȷʵ֪˶УҲܣҲûи㣬㲻Ϊѣ
лл⣡һЩж˵
ˣѵ֮ǰ㻭ģʲôͼйصģʯȻ
˵ͷ
ʯһǵõһμͼļУıԼļֵܹ࣬ȻԼ˳ģҲʯ²⣬пڵġ
תһ룬ֲ̫ܣһҽܻ󷨣֮֮ܰߣԷԲͣҪ֮ϣڹɽҪǿ˵ʯʵڲš
룬Ҳû㣬ģˣ㻹û鵤ˣʯʵ
ţʣµĲ࣬Ҳ̫żģҲúúһˣЦЦ˵
һᣬҲ֪ʯ˵ʲôֱЦʰ·䣬ʯǻصԼ
ڶһ磬ӱ˹ի
ģڸ߼ҲҵʯЦЦ
ٺ٣ӿģֻƽʱǺٸҲûˣ߼Ӹǲмȥͼҵ͸ˣһסַ˭֪ģ˷ܵ
ʯҡҡͷ֮󣬵ʶ˲һĵӣڵʲô°ɣ
ٺ٣ȻǷˣ֪㻹ûУӼֱʯż
ĿǰǺҲûзˣûвˣʯɫһ˵
ȱٷֽīٺ٣ʦ֣˵ʵЩƵİɣڴҶĵĲɣͶذƷգǿһ찡Ӱڳһƭҵı飬ЦеĿʯ
֪ʯϷʵĿ˿ӡ
룬ɣֽīʦֵʱҷУܿ˰ɣӵǻ飬ʵļ׷ʡ
ðɣȻˣȥ׼ɣһ񣡡ʯ̧һӣһСڴǰһ㶣漴¶֮ɫ
ʯʦ֣۹ķ콣㻹ɣǾϼһƭõģ˵úõȥˣһȥˣͻΪ㣬ʱȻҪˡ
ϼһƭ˺öˣ˵ûɵģҽչ˵һϵһ꣬һϡ
Ϊ˵ûз࣬Ҳûɵڶ㣬ֱ꣬ɵڶ㣬ֻʩչһâĳĸ
ʯһѵԼ콣츳һʱ䣬˵ڶżȻʩչâ֣ͬʱʩչâ⣡
ʯʦܣʦԪ˵ˣȥһˣǴҲڣӦǸʦһЩʱ⴫ʯһϲ֪˷ʲô


һʮŻ 
Ԫ󣬴ڣ
Ԫγ϶ˣʯվڴڣã
ʯ˷Ϊ˴󹦣ϻɸһЩϴǿ֦һţȻһ֦ǸģԪڵ
ԣʯ̾ϢһԼҪ٣ɲǰˣʯûб¶ʲôǵͷл
ԪЦЦӦЩʧ˰ɣȻĽͣȻֻ֦Ѿ˼Ʒ鱦ⱦ׼һƷ鱦ܣһǴ֮
֮ʯû̫ʲô˼
Դڵ˱δɣҪȥ󣬼һξѪ֮ΪѪѪ֮ڣɴ֮
˺ⱦۼֵ󽵣ʹ޷ȫ˵ȴǼרΪƵı
ֻ߶ӳԳƷ鱦֮ܣĺˣѪϵֱϵ˷ʹãԽ֮
һܻ֮лۺֹиǿԼλеֵȻҪϲſɣ
ܣʯ˫Ŀһ⵹ǸöԼȻƣֻƷһ㣬ϴμűѣƴСӣмƷ鱦ܣȻ
ܣһֹֻںĵӲʸΪط壬˹֧ȥǡ
˵˷콣Ȱ֮ҲоѶȣչͬ׶սֻܲ˵Ǹ߰ĴڣʲôҵȾʵ򣡡Ԫ΢Ц
ʯһû뵽ϣѾ֪Լ˷콣ý˻ϸѯһϣ콣ûиоرѣѾ˵ڶ㣬˵꣬ʩչڶһâѵҲ츳⣿
츳ԵЩϵ˵ģô˵һЩģڶ˲࣬Ҳ١
ֻ֪˰ʱ䣬ԽڶɣʩչʮâγɽܣԵⱣԼ
ʴϻ֮ˣķ֮ãҲûһչжٸԻӻ㻹ᣬҪִԲźãԪĳ˵
ʯһӣ˵꣬ʯоԼʺ˿ԼҪоһ£ǷȥıҪ
лϽ⣬Ҫ˷ʱˣʯɫһҪԼҲ£ԼЩ
˷⽱ʮö鵤Ȼһ鵤ɵޣʮԺЧ٣˵Щ˷ѡ
Ұ䷢ĵһö˺ΰһںĵӣȥ¥κηãԪ˵Ż̸ʯһöָ
ԪָʹãĽͣ棬öָҲһ͸ˡ
У˺ȥѧϰ㵤ͽͽͬĴ㲻ܴͨӡ
Ҳȥĵþ飬ֻڼޣڻЩôԪһ˵ֽʯ˷ܲѡ
лϣʯɫһ
лңõõģΪɴЧ棬ЩҲȻֻҪԺΪɳͶȻ٣΢΢һЦ
ΪųȻǵӵı֣ʯ֣صһֱˣ˲ٹС
һ󣬴ῪһڽԪ;ڣһԪһͳоâһ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
ʯЩɻʵڲ֪ʲôط
лϣɵҲҪԪϾڲܴ裬ÿޣ˵Ǵǰ
࿼飬ΣԵ棬˶ǽ֮󣬵õԵһˣȻ־Ų㣬û˭ھŲ㡣ϸ˵ȻڴϵľЩ⡣
лϣӶŬȡսԪϾڣʯһεĽƺЩԤϡ
˵̫磬ܽ׵ڣǲܵõĺôҾ̫ʵΣա
Ϸʻ㲻ʦʶȺνֻһνҴ㣬ĳɾͣϸп
֪кΣʯһ䣬֪Ҳ׼
Ǻǣֻ˵ɵ˻ᷢɱΣǵһɶⲼã˶淢飡ϸп˵
ԭˣȻĵطʯЩ˵
ˣ˷ĽѾϣԻȥˣסЩչˣһ;߶ԶҪĻҪԼŬУԪһ֣ص˵
ǣлϣʦγϣӸˣ˵껰ʯԪָһ΢Ц뿪˴
ϣҪӣЩǲЩˣСɾѣһ»使Ը񣡡γɫһ
ԪЦЦᣬѪжֻҪʵ㹻һЩкηȻܶ࣬㹻еһµķá
ΪɴЧ棬ԶԶֹЩģˣҲȥɣ˵껰˷׷뿪Ԫ¶˼֮ɫ
ȻӿϣһԺΪڲɹУԺûиĻͷչɵģٺ٣ԪЦе

ĳڣ
һ澧ӨСʯǰָϣһεξѪڶƱ棬ͷŶ뾫Ѫںһ𣬻¶ն
丽һ̧һУӨСǰǱ䶪һ֮У¯ңǶ˿ڻļ
ʱ䣬ƴСĶƣٶһɶâתƺˮһ㣬ȥء
ˣ˱ϣˣ˵껰ʯһץס˶ƣϴž֮ɫ
˱ֱԼʯôƣԼѪĸоƺԼһ֣ƿʡǵӦ֣ƺԼϸоʲô
лʯֵܣ뿪
λϺôֱʣ˷Ȼõ˶ཱٺ٣·ϣʯ΢΢һЦ˵
ʯʦܣԭ˵ڹիôûҵ㣡ʱʯһŮʯתͷһһٻӰӳ
ľʦ㣿֪ʦк£ʦã΢΢һЦʵ


һʮ 
ôʦڳûʦ㲻𣿡ľ൥췢˿Ŀת˵
ʦˣʦʣʯЦЦ˵ƷˣԼпܣľԸʵڲ̫Լġ
ʦܣû뵽ز¶ֲǴҷ֮£ӳ۵ķǳʦְ֮ɣľ΢΢һЦ
ʦ㲻ʦܵİɣʯЦһչ
ˣʦܳʦ̫࣬ͳˮֵı죬ʦͲˣ˷㣬ȴЩ顣
ʦõõһϢһطݣɸıܣǿӣƳɵҩãû֮˵壬ԪϾڵǿȡ
ƽʦһϵʦֵܣһȥѰݣʦֶһʦ㣬ֻʯʦ֮󣬲֪᲻ҵͬȥľ˵⡣
ʯ°ͣ¶˼֮ɫʦ㣬ݺϡ٣
ֹϡ٣ֱмУŲɹִ£ܣҲݵģⲢ򵽵ġľһ䡣
ԭˣǲ֪ݵж٣ͬȥˣɶзݵõʯɫһ
ˣԪϾڣϢ˵Ӧöзݵģʦɲұ֤Ҫ֪ǿǿȵĹ֮٣ܵõݣǾǲСĻԵľ֣ص
Ŷлľʦʦܣ㲻´±ȥʯһ
ʦδ̫СʦˣûеͼʦԼûаҵǴԼ֪£ǲ룬ҪǰȥݣҲ̫ʵľЦЦ
Ǻǣʦ˵˵ˣˣȻ˵أʦ˰֮࣬ʲôΣհɣʦܿɲͿçײ¡ʯ˫ĿһС
ʦֶܲǿ˼Ҳϸ壬ƽʦֵҲûѯ࣬ԹΣԵ棬ȻҪԵȻЩΣա
ݸһֻޣػݣΪʨ˽ᾧڣ൱ԪϾڣսڡľ˫Ŀص˵ȻЩɵ
֪ľʦ֪µģʯʵ
ʦܾ֪ˣỪȤҵһǰȥãȤ͵ʦ˵ģľЦЦ
Ȼľʦ룬ʦܲȥģֻһЩϸڷ棬ϣǻҪúоһ£Ͼһֻᾧޣǰˣпܽܣѽ䳹׻ɱ
ʯɫһȻҩԼȻ㹻һЩҲܲս֮ǿԷҲռһƣȻһЩʤ㡣
ãһоһϸڣһºʦ㣬ǣľ˵껰תȥʯ΢˼Ƭ̣ǻص˹ի
ôӦû鷳˰ɣ֪õʲôʯ˵һ䡣
˷Ȼû˺Ϊѣһһö֦õ˺ĵơʯн˵һҲЩȻ֮ɫ
յ˵ȻΪȡһЩôܸо˷ЩԤϣ˼˵
ʯ˫ĿһУϲЩǽͣǡ£
˷ǿӶ࿴пڽΪԣڲòɲУεȴϻۣһ˼ǲ³˴š
ʯҲ΢Цĵ˵ͷɣ㣬һºҪȥһˣŪ滨ʱһã
򵥵һᣬʯԻص䣬˵óһֻƿװ鵤Ȼֻʮţ൱һĿˡ
˶鵤ڰҾڣܲμ֮УҲǷˣٺ٣ȡһڽԪϾڣʱ򼴱ʲôΣգҲЩԱ֮˵Żʯ˫ĿһյĿʼڤ룬Ũ
պʯоڵۺ񣬵ûִﵽܳƿָоƺһξ룬ʯԴ˵ûʲô⡣
ƿʯһö鵤оһڣתһȦ֮ڻ۶ȥǹۺΪŨŨ
ʯһϲоۺһЩȷǵֵһµĿޣʯ˫Ŀգ
һһŵĵҩʯ̵ڵԽۺֱʮʯ˵ڰ˿ŵҩڵٶȱû
ƺǴﵽһ㣬磬ٽȴͻƣʯٴηһ֦
һ
о΢΢һƺҵй㣬֦۶ȥ֦â˸ٵƺ޵׶һ㡣
֦һ߷һ߻㳤һɰߣ֦չôÿһ֦ϣһööҶѿ

߰󣬹իڣ
ľƽ˶Уһߵ裬һʲô
λ̫佱ˣʵû˵ô㣡ЦЦƺЩ
Ҫ˵һ㣬ڣ˭˵Լ̫ͨǫˣƽһЦ
ǰҲ̫ǫˣľྴ˵
λ׼ʱʱʯõڷ߳ڣ˺Цĵ˵ͷȥ
ʲôʯʦܾȻˣƽ˫Ŀһʵ࣬ʯʱ䣬Ҫ׵ڣٻҪһʱ䡣
ǺǣƽʦֲҲԪϾ𣿴˷Ͻ˼鵤ԲŽҽڣʯ΢΢һЦ
˶ʱڣ鵤Űɣڵӣδ˵˭һλ鵤ϲʦˡľ˵꣬ƽһ鵤Լ붼롣
ʦܾͲ˵ˣǻ̸̸ȥȵɣʯЦЦ˹ȥ
ǺǣҲãǾͱ߱˵ɣʦֵܻɽſڵǣƽ˵꣬˱뿪˹իɽŴ
ְصһʯϱǳ˾Ľ񣬼һµǼǣ˳뿪ڣɽ⣬ӵȺţԪϾڡ
λõˣǿԳˣ·һὫ巽˵һ£ľЩǸ˵漴ųһ鱦վϣԶߡ
ֻҪܵȵʯʦܣҵͬУҵȵңһӸ˵˵ԶʯЩݣ༸Ҳǵͷѣ׷׳ݵĿʯ
ȻлЩ죬˵ЩмԴˣʯû˵ʲôҲں˵Ŀ
ʯЩɻǣǶзһĨ⣬εĺܺãǱʯ֡
ΪˣʯСԤУ˶ƺҪԼͬһʱ䣬ɽڣһӰ¶Σ


һʮһ ڤ
ʨ˵һͨ˵ãѰͬ׸Ƕ֣ǻһֻн׷ʨֻ֮ʯʦڣ֣·ϣһЩĵ˵
ǺǣҦ˫ʦܲصģ˷ľʦÿǴģƽ΢΢һЦʯ˶Ȼİֻ˷׷·֮ɫ
죿ľʦȻ˵˱ܼ󣬻ǿԴ߶ԪϾ߶죬ǿ֮Ҧ˫꾪ȵ
ȻʯʦϷȻ٣Ʒ鱦ľʦõ죬Լλֹһᾧ޶пܱɱƽ˵
ƽʦ֣Ҳ̫⣬СһЩΪľ˵꣬ʯ˵ͷ̾ľΪ˳ȡ
ǵǣҵȵ˸ľʦÿЩ󷨲óʱ򽫴ɱɱûգǷֳ˲סޣ⼸˿ȥ滨ժȡٳ룡ƽɫһ˵
ãǾ͵ľʦ·ˣҦ˫ЦЦ漴һԲߣ˵˵ЦЦģվľı֮ϣȷȥ

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ʮʬ壬һɴСĺ籱аգʯȰվϣƽľվǰ˫Ŀ΢У׷״ż֮ɫ
ٺ٣ǵǵһǰﻹȺҪʯʦ֣ܳɥ
ʮֻǣҵһ־ͿȻ˷ˣڹǰҵȶԴˣƽ˿ʬ壬Щп˵
պ˳籱ԽΧȻûнģҲˣֻĻɱɱܵܣżᾧޣҲǱ˺ˣȻҪ׻ɱкܴѶȵġ
˿Ȼǰ죬ڰƮɢգȻ޷ӰǰУȻһЩӰ죬ԶЩ޷
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Ȼ䣬һ񱩵޺쳹أ˽ŲƬض΢΢ԭЩ˻ޣֹͣ˽Ƭռüžޱȡ
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ãǿ޽ӽҵȿУƽɫһ䣬ľûȹƽڣһߣ籱༤ȥ
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˸ˣʯȻɫ΢䣬ԶԶǸоСɽʯ˿ҶľƺҲоΣæٿر㡣
ת֮£籱оգСɽм䴩ԵǱһСɽһ£һЩȥڱͬżæס
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Уòǰװ˷ʱ䣿
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ҲʯƮɶСȭͷС߰ɸߣ״Сɽһ㣬׷ȥ
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⣬ƺǴ˵еڤͨƢޱȣײֻ֣Ҫһ֣ʬҰѪɺӣ˻ޣܿĻﲻһֻҦ˫ɫ˵
ãľʦϳߣʦܾһˣ֮ǰĵӣҲԱƽʯںâƽ
Ϊ׵ߵбʦԼ߱ǣƽһΣղŽһģܹ˷ѣҲףܷʯͲֵܹģ˵ֻڤ
৵һ£
Ȼ䣬һɫƥԶͷӹһģڤȥ֮Хͣ
أһ죡
ڤͷ­һɶ೤ı΢΢һʯɫƥֲܼ̼佫ܾʯһն漴ڤȥ
޴ڤͷ­һתһһ㣬ǽɫƥסһѣĿϼѶ׵֮ϣһӡۣȴǲû˵
˷ӦֻһɫӰ̤ɽŴ˴ӹɫȣòӢȻڻΰͬʱ䵥ֳŵһӡ
һĻˣֻɫڵһֻܶÿֻɫ֣ƺЩɼڤ˹ȥ
ţһֻֻ¶˷־ֵڤͷ­ϳӴȥڤƤһæһ˦һƬϼһƬƬ󱻻ϼϯɣԶ
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ˣųصĲڤԶȥһṦӴΣûʧ
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ɫأΰЦЦȻʦǰΪѸλҲҩֻΣأλʦʦò̫˽óȻΣա
ԣʦ־ǼŶӣҲЭλ˳õݣͬڤˣȾ̫ٲ˽⣬ҼʱϵǾͻᷢΣա
ԭˣΰʦ֣һ֧ʦּ룬Ҫǻΰʦ֣ҵȸղΣգһݣʦֵһݣ䣬һӰæͷͬ⡣
ʯ˫ĿһУ뿪ʱԼ¶мλǵõЩЦӦΰϵ
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²ðɣ˵Σգ֪ΰʦִú˶ȥ̽·ΰļ룬ƽ˲ʧȥ˶ӳ쵼λãԴˣƽ޿κΣΪڻΰǰʵҲһԽУ


һʮ ڻ
ΰЦЦֻ֪ǰ̽·Σգȴ֪äĿжΣգǽʱж̣١
ʦҾʦֵӣĻԼӾһЩȻλͻȻϮҵȻäĿҴ
⡭ڴ˵㣬ƽûʲôܷģΰһǾԵٮٮߣ׿죬˵࣬鷽ԱԼǿ֮ǰڤΣǻΰֽġ
ľü΢壬Ҫ˵ΰʵλصģǰ̽·֮˲ʲôΣգһǼĿ졣
һԵֵΣգԿٷأҵȷɢߣΪ㣬Ҳ׷ֵܹնɱޡ
öηǰȥ̽·֮ˣҶʹ˷ʹãһܷǵļʻСһԣȫȫˣҵǰԤ֪ĻҲЩӦĶԲߡ
η֪ʲô𣿡ľ˫Ŀһʵ
ͼףΰ΢΢һЦ
ԭˣд˷ǰȥ̽·ȷȫ࣡ľ˿
Ҳģָǰȥ̽·˵һǰȥ̽·Ǿǰȥΰδ䣬ӳö˽˹ȥ
ãλģҵȥǰΣٷأҲǰӦ֮ߣȻһĨ⣬ˬĴӦ
ηλ͸ųԱվϣֱǰȥ
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ʯ᲻£һ뿪ߣǼηλ͸һϢǰȥ
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·ֻ֪ͨͨƹȥˣʯ˵껰ת·˻ȥƬ̺䲻˫ĿһУɫЩ
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ţʯɫһ䣬ڷص·ϣȻһֻᾧڵǣ˫Ŀɺޱȣʯǰ
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ⱲӺʱܵ裿һԪϾ࣬ܽ˳⸱ǱѾΣա
ȻܾȣûʯֵһתҪߣûһ̣ȻܿռһԶֺ漴ǱС«˽ȥ
С«΢΢һâתڴһâصһ˵ϣǱë۵ʬ壬һݡ
˹̿ƻʵʯɣˣȺǳ˹
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ʯһӣС«֮󣬱·ɻأȺûȥ׷ʯȻĳʬ壬ڽʬ˺ѿ

һṦʯص˾ۼأҦ˫Ѿص˴˵أ˿ʯްƺҲ˿
̫ˣʯʦ˾ûлΪ㷢⣬ҵȸҪȥľ췢˿̴˵
ֻߵԶЩøλˣʯֻΰɫЩɵ΢΢һЦĻش
ΰһ֪ǰ춯
ȻûУȫ˵ģԽ룬Ӧǻΰʦǰȥ̽·һˡ
ǼȻʦֵܣǹͬѰ滨ȻǰѰڻҵģΰʦûɣʯЦⰻȻ
ΰ˫ĿһУм˼ĿԼ䲻ʯԭ̽·飬ֵԼ
뵽˵Ķ飬ñ̽·ȣʯһڣΰûܾԼ֮ǰñ˵ڻңˣľҲһͬһͬˡ
ãȻˣǴ˷ɹƽʦǰȥ̽·λ·ǣΰ˵껰ƽ˫˫뿪ˡ
ΰЩŭ⣬ʯԶŻΰѡȺķǲɵһЦĻȣҲڻȺζ


һʮ ʨ
һ·һߵȴŻΰƽˣһʱľűͣ
ǰԶӦþҪת·ˣλʦֻǱ㲻üǰ̽·Ҫ󴩹һɽ꣡ľ࿴˿ˣƽ˵һ䡣
ȻҪΰ룬Ͼ̫ǿƣľȷʵûбİ취˻ΰʯˣ˷ɹҲ֡
ľʦ㣬ݵĵطŻжԶҦ˫ʵ
Żһ·̣ľشһ䡣
ʱǰһӰǹƽģ֮£˺籱֮ϣ漴Լı
ƽʦ֣ǰûʲô쳣ɣľʵ
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˵ΰʦ취ȻȻǸ·һЩȴǲΪӪҶȫ٣һǰǿޣҲЩӦУƹȥǲҲǰߡҦ˫޵
ΰʦôûãڸоЩԣΰʱ䣬Զʯʱ仹Ҫࡣ
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ʯ˽̸𣬿ᣬǻΰȺս˷㲻ܸɵҲ˳Կ
֪ٴʯһֱɵˣһֱûлᣬŻΰҲ뷨һлᣬȻŹʯұΰ˶鷳ʯɲԵ±ԹӣЩʯһֱ
ֹСʱڸо̫Ծһ飬ڴ˲󷨣ȻһǰȥѰһΰޣֻҪá
ವһ
Զһ̤ɽӰ˻ưƮƮӢ˽ǿΰɫ΢ףɫ̫ÿһ֮ɫĿʯһۡ
ʦ֣ǰûʲôɣʯаˬΰԳ˲СĿȻεúܺãƺûʲô飬ͬΪھʯǿóΰĲС
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ǾͺãǼ·ɣƽ˼Ŀ˿ˣ˵껰ľǵ˵ͷ漴߶Զȥ
ʣˣľʦþԲܲ̽·Ͼֻʦ֪λãԣֻͷλʦˣΰ˿ˣ䲻ȵ˵
ȵȣǰǲټǰУǻתһ򣬵ʱҸߴҴ·ߣλźǰ̽·ģľ˵꣬ΰǵ˵ͷû˵Щʲô

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һƬʯһѷ콻ݺ֮һֻֻ޼ɵҴܣԽһѷ죬׷š
ԶʯɽһƬ͵ĵط˴ǵûѷ죬Ũŷҷҩ
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ΪǷҷ֮ɫɢ紵ֲ겻ڶֲȴǼͦޱȣ˿Ӱҡ
ݣ޻࣬ʳ֮󶼻ǿǿȣ
ƬֲſһֻɴСŽɫëʨӣϸۿֻʨʨЩͬ
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ʨԶмݺĵѷ죬ûޣȴӰԶʯΰˣ֪Ϊλһ˵ء
ʯʦܣʦ֣ǿ֮ˣԴƾңԺһֱֹҪ׷ǣһߣ뿪벽
ʨԺǿײ뿪׷ΰɫһ˵Ȼϲʯ޾ǰΰɲԼСЦ
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֣ΰδ䣬Ǳһ˦һɫ鱦ԶȥŻƽʯȻں档
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ʨƺоԶ춯˫Ŀһ룬漴Ƥһĺ˫ĿҲ֪ûǰǸûʯΰˣǶ̫ǿ
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ƶݷһ㣬ʯæֻǼ򵥵һ£ЧǺܴڻа˲ݳɿ⣬ʯĿǰ
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ɽֻаɶߣȻãȴǳֳࡢȡɫСɽӰڰյһתΪСɢһּǿѹ
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໺
ʨ˫ĿȻһбâƬŷʨ΢΢ʨϣɢһݵϢ


һʮĻ ʨŭ
ʨվΣһӴѹͷŶһֻǰŵݺһ壬۴ܳʮ漴һ۶ȥ
ɫϼһһֻ߰ɴС۶Ǻ֮ɣ漴ǰһġ
ۡ
һ췢ײں֮ϣɢۺȻһѺۣϼһǰȻ
ţһһƷ鱦նϣֻ΢΢Ƭ̣صһƻ٣ΪƷ鱦Զȵͽ׷ǿᡣ
Ƿʨδţһֻǰצ̧צâǰһӣ󣬻ΰʯıǱײĵɶ
Ʒ鱦˿𣬵ʨצ֮ϣԳ˼ǳǳӡۣӼӲ̶Ȳ鱦棬ѹԪϾڡ
һ
ʱһС˸ɫɽһתǳ˷ʨͷϣųȻֹϼһʢϯһɾ·ʨһң
ʨ˫Ŀâһ׺޿һţ³һƬâԼһſȭͷСɳУϿɫɽϯȥ
߸һӴǷһžž֮ɫɽ弸һѹ֮ƣݿ㽫âһѹɢŷʨһҡ
໺
ʨȻЩŭ⣬û뵽ɽ徹ȻǿܣɵϼһվֻǰצϷһܣȵؽסɫɽ塣
صһ죡
ʨһ䣬ƺɫɽ֮ѹķʨֻ棬΢΢һ·Եֵžط񹦡
û뵽˹ǿᣬֻ˵ɫؾɫ֪ǿʲôزʯЩ˵
ͬһʱ䣬ʯΰæ߶ϯƿ֮ŷʨһնȥǷʨнâ˸ȴ޷ڳֵ
죡
ʯΰ˾ȵĿУƷ鱦նڷʨϣȻֻǿնһëʨǳԶӲƤҲֻӡ͸һɫѪۣȴƤⶼûƿ
ʲôߴ߶Ʒ鱦ȻʨƤƲ֮˱̬ʯЩŵ˵
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ߣغݸİޣΪ֮ֻͨҰʳݣ֮ԼƤǿޱȡ
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һŭ׷ǣҲָɱֻҪдɳ˵ȡݼɣΰһ˶Բߣ
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ˢһ
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ʨһâ˸ƺ༤ŭ⣬ſѪڣŻΰʯ׷ȥ
˵䣬ΰźߣûаȴʯ˼ʯûûΰڣڷʨ뿪ԭ֮ʣ׼ΰͬʱߡ
ʨٶȼ죬ڵһ߱ܣһâ׷ˣһѷ죬ʨϤĶԾ˹ȥâԽԽʢ
ʯΰʱֵâֻǷʨԽԽɫ̫ÿӣϾͻᱻʨ׷չ񹥻
ʯʦܣȻҵģǲӦóһˣΰӱ˵
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ʯɫһһ֮£źһ˦֣öɫ漴ǻΪ˼ߣҡͷβĳʨ
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صһ죡
һΣʨײڵĵطŤΣŽâһǻָ漴ʨصķأصһ˵档
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ǿֶ飬ҲҪ취棬ߣΰһϸֳ֮ɫ
ʯԶҲ˫Ŀ΢У˼ĿŻΰΰתͷʯ¶һЦݡ
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ͬһʱ䣬ľٿ֮γһɫֻ֣Ǵ˷УרŷأʮСɣҼ
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ɫϼһѺѸϣһ½ʨأֻζ˼ȥŻָ˿ǲ˿ɣϾ˶Ⱥ֪Щ޷֣ǷƵ֡
ֵ˷ʨһֹľǽССȻЩСֵļӲ̶ȿɾ֮ǰɱȡ
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촫ɫһΣȺĹɫֵΣŤббƺʱܱƿһ
λͬţȻҶ뱣ܣˣϾҪɥ֮ڣǻҪЭάֹ֡
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ǰǸûʲô취ߣ˵̫࣡ƽоҲûʲôð취ʯ˫ĿһУܵΣգܱܲĿģ


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ʯΰ˷˼⣬ɵһаȴû취ǿ΢Ц²ͷΰʦֿڣʦҲģԼҲΪλȡһЩĻᣡ
ʯ˵ȻǷ˵ԼɹܲˣޣֻԼļʰˡ
˵Żʯ˫һʮöֶһööм׹зΪɢȥᾧµޣƬƬıɱ
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Ҵ߶뿪λΣΰڵ漴ʩչɫɽ壬ڴ֮ڡ
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СΪѻĳߣΰ¶֮ɫ̤ɽ֮£ִŻ򣬽ǰΪһƬ𺣣ͽɢӡ
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һṦ򣬻ΰϲɫһڷʨһ˶գȻʯǰʯȻٻطɽ̤ϣȴǱʨ·ò˹ȥǱ֮
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չʦҷ֮£ߣΰһ䣬˴߶жȥһṦ򣬴˵رǰȴǲûмʲôȺ

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һɫӰ̤ɽǰɶݣһֻʮɴСȻ׷ᣬƱ׾壬׷ٶʵ뱻һò˶þͻᱻ׷ϡ
ҪżƬ̣ͱ׷ˣ˵֮ʯޣȻǷʨˣ
Ƭ̺ʯɫ֮ǰ˷˲ٷǻΰϷʣ޼ֻһεģһû˷òϰʱͻᱻ׷ϡ
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Ҫ֪ǻΰľط壬ǷʨĶ֣ʯûִܹΨһķ콣˿ҲɲóϾǽâʵޣ
ʯתһʨԼԽԽ׳ʮöʱʨֵƬ̣ʯǼӶݣʨѡ
üҪ׷ʯαʨıףһ˫ĿЩĵֵ׼ȥ׷ʯ
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һĻպñʨɫŭһܷЩȻϣë٣ȥǱ֮
Զһֻֻ޿˿С飬ֿ˿ʨɵôһͷʨʳֱʨôãЩҲûһ̵ֲ̤ذ벽ɼʨƽ֮ޡ
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ǵǰԼһĸ޸ҿ벽ԼһУСȫȻ޾壬ֹӽֱҪѪϴݵӣûԼһۣʨоԼƽϱɨܲߵģ
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Ҳ֪˶ãʨͷðҲ֪۵ĻǱģһֻǰצʱͷȻÿγּ죬Сܶȥڼٴ˲ݣʨбŭѣ
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ʱ˫Ŀһ¶ϲ֮ɫλһâӵɽʯ죬漴ָָʨ˫ɺ˫ĿСǰצ͵Ц˫ĿЦһ䣬¶һ˵ı飡


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ʨһĳɽ嵹ʯɽСסһԶľʯڵ֮ǰСһʯ飬ƮƮԶ档
ѷʨŪڹ֮䣬ʯһһ㶵ģ󽫷ʨñף˫ĿѪɺޱȣʯ¶֮ɫ
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ʨһ٣һֻ޴ǰ̧𣬾Ȼղ£ڰղܷʨһʹǰ䣬Ȼ޷ʵ֣·һɾһ޷ʩչ
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ɫС«΢΢һ𣬺Ȼһͳڰղѣڴϼ˸ƺЩ˷ûһּ˷ܵĸоⲻʯɲ
ˢһ
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ʯüͷһ壬С«к۶ܱɵƺЩ̫ǿĴڣԸЩʨǺܺõӡ
ȻҲֻǸɺϣֻʯС«;ûȫ͸Ҳû϶ʲôֻպһˡ
ʯ˼䣬С«΢΢һΧϼһӨˮâתѣҸֳһ޵·쳣
ʯȵķ֣ԭ«һѺۣâת֮ʱںһṦС«ôΣһѺʧΪһֻոµƷ
ȻѺ۶޸ˣ֪᲻ǰһЩʲôʯЩڴȻ«ڴһæ
صһ
һֻȻص˵棡
ǷʨǱë۵ʬ壬һɫëʧȫװ׾ѴտյʯоһëƺҲ֮ǰȥôֲˡ
˱ë۵ޣʯҲͷôˣϰΪ
ۼŷʨ˼£ʧȥһϢʯЩʲôһâԶٳವһǴ˷ʨľ޿֮ڣ
飡ʯҪֹһʨû͸óȻǰȥΣգۿŽʨʧʯĺҲû˵
ʯæԶ棬ٿŻƽڷʨͷһк춯ʯԥһն£
˰죬ʨҲûʲôʯһݣʨһ̬֮һ
˶Ҷᣬΰǰٰƣ˭Ҳ޷ϵ󲻵ҵһǱķʨҲҵ
һ뵽ǷʨˣʯЩ˵ˣԽʡһϵĿޣҩԶ鵤ǿĶܾ࣬зʨݵصıͨ
ˢһ
Ȼ䣬ʨϼһһ֮丹ƿһ󶴣ҡڵ˳߹Ѫϴ˷֮ɫ
ʯΪȵǣ˿̵Ľ飬ξȻһ߰ңȥСûʲôֻëޱȣ⣬˫۾ҲǼ
߳Ĳһƽɫëһ˦ξȻСʯĿУٴλָָСĴָ״̬
ʯһЦݸɵ棬Ŷȣűãץһݸ˵⣡
ʯ˫ĿһУʨĳˣ˷뼤ĿƶǣѰˣһʱȥˣʯһȻʲôɫѿĶŽ顣
ۣ֨֨
ʯڣָָʨ˴ָָ֮ԼͣС͵Цһ˫۾һϸ죡
ˣʯڵѪǿ򶼲һ򵽵ķʨˣԼ˵һԾΪԪϾڣȴ벻̣ˡ
ۣ֨֨
СƺЩˣʯȱȻָָʨ˫ĿڸʯûܺҵĹͣҸõõġ
ȿȣʯɿһȥһֻӣ첱Ӵ֣ȻеѪЩϧҲֻǿһĳ嶯ϾνĹȷʵС
ðɣĻԵ
ʯεҲ̾ϢһܲȥٳСڵŶȣʯйӣٴ¶Ц⣬ʱץһ
Сɱˣܵøɣʯ˵Żæ嵽̴ֲȡһֻУһ˼СĽ𣬴һЩװڡ
ֽʨıһһİ˳ܵ黨ݣʯθ⣬ͳͳװ
̧һУС«ʯ㵽УۿãҲûȻʯ֪˵ΣգоС«ʱֻܽ
һӣһâϯʨʬԪָڣȻûˣһǱķʨʬ壬ܲܶ²ܵġ
һƽһģĳʯ£Զವһʯۣʯ˫ĿһУܾýǰЩͬ˵̫Ǵ߶ƽ뿪ƬǷ֮أһо˵жȴǱʯһ


һʮŻ 
ڣɽſڣ
ʯ̤ɽԶɽŴɽ뼸ְصӴһкϴ΢Ц˷ҪǻΰԼûЩջ
ʯʦ֣㾹ȻˣһְصЩ⡣
ԣʯһ㶣ôѵҲܻ
ʯʦ֪Ĵѷз˵Ϊ˸λʦֵܽΧ˷˼ʮŷʧȥԼĻᣬһֻ׷󡭡ְصӸЦ
Ǻǣԭˣ˷ȷǾһֻڰ·ɱһֻޣֻ޴֣ұǳû˳˷ǽңʯ赭д˵ľսȴѪڡ
ôҾ˵ʯʦּ࣬ôܷ⣬ʯʦ֣Ǳ㲻ˣЩżˣԸǣһʦֻصţ֪ͨȥһְصӶӳ˵
ãǣʯɴ˵һ䣬ֱԪ󣬲ϲڴʯڴԵȺãϲڴһŻ˳
Сӿˣ˵˷׶༪٣ʵΪʦһѣϻڵӳģ
·һֻޣ׷ҵֻԵӳӻأʯһ
࣬ԺҪȥˣѾ׵ڣŬ˵֮ǰ׺ڵģʱܶһЩͶúóɼļʣɫ
ӽǣʯش
±ãæɣΪʦҲмѲȲ˵ˣ˵껰ϱǼҴҵ뿪˴ʯ΢΢һЦ֪ϺļǶԻص˹ի
վſڣȦ΢죬˷·һȦʯ֮һ±˽˻ֻβûп޳
û̫ˣʯ
磬ʯܹоҵοǲ˺˵ˣ㣬߹㣬үҲղ߰ˣ
˵ɿʯȦЦЦûԷɣȥ˵Żתȥ
ʯһѽ˻ٴӵ뻳һůĵ㣬Ҿ뱧һᣡ
ûзֻϺ˵ģƺܵγѪ˲һṦƺЩ͸ʯɿ֡
ףԪϾˣ̫ˣʯȻ֣һϢۺ٣ƺսûӡ
ǰ׵ԪϾаǰ൤ҩÿһŶֵϽ¿ޣٲĵӣôĵҩӦԽˣ΢Ц
ٺ٣ԼŬˣѡˣʦ˵й涨Ӽ⹦⴫ڣҾͽطˣʯȻʲôҲȥ鷳
޷ҲһʺĹҸջȥѡһʺϵģں˵
ˣĹأֻܿĸͱѡĸһҪѡ񣬱Ǿְ֮˸Ūˣʯæһ䡣
֪ˣ˿мԣ̲סЦһᣬʯֱط֮˳
ΰʩչ֮ʱܹȻСȷǺĵ޹ҲһĶ⹦ˣʯ˵꣬뵽ʯڣ鿴ݣ

ڣӥһɵ㽨һװκĴڣ
ʲôʯȻˣһӢ¶ȣЩŵ˵ǻΰ
һ꣬ľһ仺ڵʼҲûţһʯȷʵˣ˵ʱ·һֻޣʨսʯûߡ
žһ
ΰһ棬ɫ˾Ҳܷ߹ʺˣߡľƽߡ
⼸ʯϵһʲôжȻһӣһϢ̸ңҾͲ´λôˣ
ϧʦˣ̾Ϣһ
ΰüͷһ壺̫ͻȻҵҲûа취ˣȻȥɣʲôϢ۲ʯǷȥҩ԰ΰ˵꣬˵ͷתȥ
ãӰʧΰ¶ЦһѣˣкηߣԼˡ
ʯȥҩ԰ǻõһЩݣȻ˷ʯˣҪ취ԸУԱϣΰоâһ

պʯط֮˫ĿһյԺ
˹־أʩչһɽӰÿһ㣬һɫһһɫھرǾɫ
պʯо©֮һ֮£һŷѿ֦âһǻתһصķʽתڻһһͼ
պʯ˫Ŀһ˫ֽǰĴָԣվطʩչ֮ڤžطʽͼڹճһΡ
ţʯʳָڶͷ漴˫ֻһƣͷһɫżƺ˫ֵĶקһ㡣
ɫڰ΢΢һ٣һת֮£ȻΪ˳ɫγһСɽӰȭͷСڰջתѣ
һ֮£ɫСɽһâصһ˵棬ҳһСӣâһǻָ״ʯ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ԪϾȻ棬ȻԶָط岻ڶĹֻǵһأǽӽ콣ڶ㽣âһ֮ڶӦÿѹâصܵǼʶʨֿҲס
˿콣ƺΪ˼ߣҲûʲôҪȥˣϾλ϶֣صĸʯ
ĬƬ̣ʯ˫Ŀһգǿʼ˾طڶأڻָ˰ʱȻţʯı仯ᣡ
һºΪԪϾӵŵûʲôƣ뿪˴պȻĻصţǺע⵽ʲô
ֻǶĽף֮˱ʾЩȣ󽫹Ͷ鹦˳ϻᣬ²ⳤϻ׵ҩʹ˿ס
ºʯǰһȭͷСɫɽ壬߶Сɫϼתڰջתͣ
ľ磬ƺҲֻأҪȵԪϾڣˣʯ˵껰̧һ㣬Զɫɽһת۵һɢ
Ƭ̣ʯչ뿪ֱõҩ԰֮ڣ漴ѰһƬյأ˫ĿһеЦЦ
ȥ˳ʱ䣬Ӧòע⵽ˣٺ٣˵껰ʯʯţȡֻУ֮һŨķҷɢ


һʮ 뵤
ʮʱ䣬Ҫˣ鵤Խ׵ԪϾڣֻ鵤ýԽԽСҪԽԽ࣡ʯ֮˫Ŀ΢е˵
ݣһ룬ʣµһС룬Ѿ޷ˣΪʨһƼҪʯƵУҲ治㳤ʱ䡣
Щݿ߾ƳɵҩҲ޷̫ˣֵǿɾЩϧˣҪ취ŪУʯ°͡
Ƭ̣ʯ˫һӣɫ˸۳һεεɫҺ壬紺ֲ֮ϣЩյҪһЩ
պʯ뿪ҩ԰һ֮һŵ㽨ǰ
ľʦڣʦʯЩ̣ʯҵȻľࡣ
һṦľƿţһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ΢Ц˵ʯʦܻˣʦһֱûüȥϲʯʦܹȻ࣬룡
˵Ż˽ʯִװμ򵥣ǽǴֲһЩɫֲ껨ܣڳһ㡣
˸һľЦЦʦܿϡͣƽʱش˷ʦİɣ
ȿȣʯɿɫһ˵ľʦ㣬˷ʦܽӵ·ʨס֮ʱ˳ֲժ˼ݣ
ʲôʦܵõݣľЦһգһ˫Ŀʯû뵽֮£ʯȻԼ
ȻһоͬУ⼸ʦܶԵõģȴǲλƽˣʯɫһ˵
ԣľɫһʯ˵ʵ˭֪£ҲȥҪʲôϾ˼ġ
ʦܲҫİɣľЦ
ʯ˰֣ʦ㲻Ҫᣬܹõݣľʦ֯ԣʦܴ˷׼͸ľʦݣ
ꣿ͸ңľϲɫЩȡ
ˣʯɻ󣬷Щʧȥݣмʮ֮࣬еĻٶó굹Ҳԡ
ٲ٣ʦܴæ֮£ԼҲûõ̫࣬ҶоЩˣ֪θлʦܣľоǷʯһ飬֪λر
ʦˣл֮ԣϻݵģȻԣϣɵҩһһЩҩԣʦӦеɣʯһ䡣
ԣľĿתƬ̺ӿ΢ţЦԭʦΪ˵
ľεȴʯĻʯ⣬ԭÿǷ֮⣬İ޷һװˡ
ϲЦտĽ̸һᣬʯ׼õݽľ࣬ľཫʯ˸裬漴ʯ
һЩҩģʯҩ԰ڣ컯¶ҩ԰ڵҩţʯϾʱżһ»ƶݷ

Ŷȥľࣿȥҩ԰ӥڣΰ˿˼˵
ҩ԰˼죬ȥľࡣ˵ͷ
֪ʲô飿߲Ļȥȣΰɻ
ȥһ£ľʦ˵ʯֻʴ˷˼λӣû˵ô£ش
ΰƬ̣ڵðɣעһһֻҪ뿪ڣ֪ͨҡ
ãʦϴδӦҵ鵤˫Ŀ¶ڴ
ģʱһŪһŵģΰߣԼ˳˼
ҩ԰ľ֪࣬ʲôϵôòȥҩ԰ӦòݰɣˣҪʱ仹ǸϿźãΰûô򵥣ʱԼ޷񣬻ҪΪ

߰պĳ䵤ڣ
ʯһ֣һƬâϯ̳˼ҩģ鵤浤ҩ
ǰ鵤˷˶ϣɹӦòͣƵĵҩǵһΡ
㹻ֻһЩҩر࣬⼸ʮӦ㹻ݵѱ죬ʯʼƵ鵤
һ㣬Զ¯۵һȼ棬ҩƯϣһÿҩڵҩ֮ڣʯڣҩƮɢ
صһڴһը¯֮Դˣʯֻνʼ磬ƺûнϣҩ󣬼鵤

ºĳ䣬ѷһѲϣиϡнʯһЩȭͷСľ״ϣһٻӰվڵ棬
һɫ·Ũڲֲ֪ϣѻΪͮͮҺ壬һʯϣʮ֧ɫС졣
һɫ΢΢һǻգʮ֧ɫСһģɫ󶦿ڣ۵һûڡ
һϼ룬˫ĿһһĶǣಣʮ֧ڹҫСзɳƯǰ
ÿֻС涼ǺâתһҺụ̂üһ壬ֳһ֧С컮С̳һۣңƺ̺ĳֹɡ
ʯڴˣᷢСϵ·ǰֽϣƵЩҵƣһööķģһ̻ͬСĸλ

һºĳ䵤ڣ
صһ죡
һҩ΢΢һ𣬶һһӣҴСεĵ輤Ũķҷʯҡ
ʯһ֣ɫУʯ΢΢һЦʮ浤Ȼʧʺܸߣݳ㣬鵤ϲ࣬ȴƳʮţ
ʯипаǺһûӦԼҲܹ򵽴ĲϣЩϡеҩ
֪ôˣЩ鵤Ӧ֮ʱҲԽ׵ԪϾڵģ˵껰ʯ˿տյʯңһգûȥһ»ƶݷˡ
صիɫЩƣʯüͷһ壺㣬ǣ
£ҪҲ£֮ǰ׼Ƽ죬ֻ֮ûʲôӣֻɹƳһ죡Щϧ
㣬һѾˣȻͨҪϰٺ٣ԺҪΪʦˣʯοһ䡣
ɱˣҿǽ˷ѲأһЦܹʯĿ佱лǺܸ˵ġ
û£ҸƳĵҩֻҪűܴ׬һʣ׼ЩϣһһֱûüƳɷԺƳɹӳ۱ã
˼˼䣬Ǹʯص䣬׼õĲ˳ʱ䣬ŰһĲϣȫƳ˷
ʯһֹʣµȫӣصڣʯٴó˻ƶݷСڸѧʯӱĿСģһȴǴ


һʮһ 
ƶݷʩչ֮ʱ³ֻƣ߶֮ʱ״Ʋʰȫγһɫݹ⣬סȫٷɶʱϮ壬һ̫Գٶ̫ķɶݡ
лƻ壬һûûдﵽ֮»Գܸٷɶݣ˶浤֪֮ܽǿʲô̶ȣ
ʯƶݷ͸Ƿµ⣬浤һԡ
˵˵ҩ̫ǿÿֻܷһţҩȫ֮󣬲ܷһţԪϾһη̫࣬ԳбΣա
ƿ˳ʯ΢΢һЦϡ֮û뵽Լһ˵õܲģȡһӨӨĵҩʯŵ
һɱĺ⣬˲ϯȫʯɵһɫ΢ףһ㺮˪ɢͬһ
⣬浤ǿ壬Ȼʹࣿʯؽҧһִڶĺ䣬˼ʯҲЩԳܡ
һṦʯһЩʱΪɫʴƤ͸⣬һʱֺɫʻʧ彥ָů
ʯ˿ˣȻ¶Ȳûͣ£ԭ̹ǵĺʧΪһ¯ĸ¡
񱩣ȣʯҴܣڶɢأʯƤΪ˻ɫԶԶȥ˻ȼʱŤС
ʯؽҧɫЩŤͷһ֣һΪһɰɫʧʱ۵һʯһ˱֮⣬ȫȼΪҽ
ǹͨƤʯܵǣֿ񱩵ƺҪȫȼһ㡣
أгһЩʣȫΪ˺ɫʣƤ͸
һһֲͬϴʯˬޱȣ̥ǵĸоȻûôţʯԵĸоʵĸı
ÿһϸԼ⣬ʵķԾɢһ㵭ӫ⣬ʱܶݣӫ⽥Ϩ泩нˣ
ʯһæٴȡһö浤һٴγȽĸоʯȻ׼Ǳǿ񱩵һ֣ȥʮʹ࣡
СӲ֪ʱɻĿʯһֻǰצͷգգۣСԴãҲûȻ
һṦСӱһ̣۾£ƺᵽʲôζƬ̺˫Ŀһ۾ʯǰֻƿϡ
ۣ֨֨
˼ʯûʲôӦСһתŵվΣƿȡӨӨĵ衣
ڱţС۾һſˮ˵ͷ¶Ȼ˵ı飬˵ԣζ漴붼浤
ۣ֨֨
ۣ֨
ۣ֨
ڵҩڵɲǣСӱһͣС۾ɵùԲ沿鼫ʹ࣬ƺмֻң漴˼شܣӲӵëͬһ㣬ǽƣСβ͸ֱֱ
ȤһĻˣʯʯĿһһ죬丽һâĴҴܣٶȼ죬ֻܿһɫӰʱΪɫʱΪɫ֨۽иͣ
ʯ˫Ŀ֮ʱǿһ㶣뵽ʲô۽һæƿ˿ɫ˽Ǹ״ʯɵЦ
ã͵ԣҲ̰ģһβܷһţ㾹Ȼţбȫˣ㣡ʯϴĽ˵
ۣ֨֨
¶һȵı飬ӿȥ޹ֻС۾ˮʣҪǲ֪ģпܱαıƭˣΪʯֽš
һʯüڵ˿̲޷֣Ȼֻʹ࣬Ͱ˵ϥƽͣ
Ҳ֪ûϥ˫ĿһգȻϱ黹ʮʹ࣬ļ
һṦëٽǻͻͻģ·ʲôʱ˳ı飬Ҳ֮ǰǰʹࡣ
״ʯ΢΢˵ͷ漴̷һ浤ƿȴǱûмţʯɲ붼СӸ̣

ڹɽĳ侲ڣ
ܺһ֮ϣվһӣʦʯȻû˳ķڣ֮ǰõϢǼʦֵܶ˵Ѿˣ֪ᡭ
ߣһλᣬûۼʬ壬жģӣж֪ͨңڻɥ֣ζǲܰ
ѵΪܼû˲ɣŭϷᣡܺ껰һ䣬¶֮ɫ
ǣȥӹ뿪˾ңܺ˼Ƭ̣ȡһöɫָ˼£һСֶָ
ţЩɫС뾧񣬻Ϊһε۵һûգҲ֪ܺϣ¶յЦݣ

º󣬹ի
ʯһ浤֮ٴξȽĥֻһԲ̫أʯо浤ЧҲǴǰ
ˢһ
âһʯˮһɫ˲ʧɸɾ¶˰ͬʰƤЩӨֻһɲǣǻָԭӡ
ԷһתʯǸˬޱȣ΢ڴһ°͸°͹Լһ˵泩УʯſڳХһһͬʱ˳
ոմϣʯоڳһǿıʨһϳ̣Ȼ֪Ƕ֣ǹȴ֧ս׼ȷ˵һֲܵս⣡
ȭƺǽЩѻһַйҪһԼʯȭͷһң
صһ
΢΢һ¥ɫʱһ䣬СǽŵĶʯ߱ҳһ޴ӡ
һѶѷ죬˳Ӷȥƺ֩һ㣬ҪԶָ֮ЧһȭԲٵ
ʯ㶿ڻָӣֿ˿ԼȭͷвЩţһȭ֮Լģһûжȫ
ݵҩԹȻǿᣬ֮¾ԿѹԪϾڣԲ֮Ҳһϳ̡
ڵһ콣лҲû幥ǿᣬֻоطܳ幥ˣʯЩϲ˵
ҲȻǿʨһԼǿ̶ȣݵãƷ鱦޷˺ʨɼ˵ҩԶȻǿᡣ
ףȻ䣬ʯ˫Ŀһ֪ʱǽǴһͷ­СӲӵĹţԼ͸¶һİֲϢȻʯȻܹоֲɣ֮С


һʮ 
ɫһߣƯԭһʯ˿տյʯңǲµ˴ţɫŶȻǽģ
ѣ浤Ӧûǿǳڵķʨ֮ҲһˣСһﻹǺûԵ
ʯܹоɫڣ޵ϢԼһ޵Ŀƺγһ룬Уǲ֪Ƽ֮󣬽ʲôӡ
Žɫſһᣬʯޱ仯˫ĿһգԺݻ˻ƶݷоûʲô֮󣬱ǿʼ

Ԫ󣬴Ԫΰվ·
ʮ鵤ǰո㷢ţԼӦòôɣҪ֪ԴޣӻģԪ¶һ˿ã˵
ΰڵϣ޷ҷʮ鵤ǵӾȥʦˣ
ųչأȥޣԪüͷһ塣
ŶǵӿΪˣԼ޷㣬ʦȥ˭ΰȻȴ˿á
ԪһУðɣԸһ˸ȥʮ鵤Ȼȥɣ
֮УҲҪȥΰЦЦ
Ԫϵ˵ͷȻԺҪôߣĻϷ˽㣡
ԱϣһξϯΰɫһףӲȻܿƵԭһɫʧת˾֡
֪飡ΰæû˵꣬ǱǹɾƵ˴֮⣬ɫһһ˦뿪Ԫ
ԪĬãϻֳһ˿ЦۣϷˣļƣʮ鵤㽫򷢣ߣҪ㻹ЩôҲܱ㣡

ͬһʱ䣬ھڣŴ鵤ӦΪҲǽڽֻʼûдﵽԪϾڣƿû
ڣƼëȥͬһӲޱȣɢϢƺ鱦һ㣬ҽ
ͣǴﵽң½ƣȥʥޱȣŽһ˦ͷ­˶ȫëâëҲ
ͬʱҲָСȥ֮ǰ˸ƺЩ⣬鵹ͷ˯Ϣ䴫
һṦʯȻ˫ĿһλƯ漴ֱգ
ۣ죡
ʯºâһԳһ״ƣҵתѣʯ̤һֻһģǳǽǴ
תʯٴһκȻ˶ǽǴֻСʯӰζΪһĲӰʯı
ʱ䣬Ҳ֪ˣѾͨ͸ʯͣڰʧʯӰ˵档
ƶݷȻ棬ֻϧʯ̫Сڶ޴ʩչĿǰҲһܹ̽һЧʯһ˵
ʵпĳأʯҲɵȥʩչڶ㣬ΪڶıԴ֮ܣԪʯûлĪ˵ϰΣգ򲻵ѣҲԲʩչֽ
˿˯Ľ飬ʯС«˳о飬Ը֪Уֺ«ȻտյѺ޸֮⣬ʵڿ仯ĵط
һ˼ʯź«һǵһ죬һոµѺֶȥС«һƷ˼һְ裬С«ĹܣʯʼδԸ̽ףֻ
ó鵤ʯһţҪƿڵ棬ȻСӣʯɵһ۽һæƿ±ɨһա
תһ룬ȡһ鵤Ӹ˽飬뿴úʲô仯ҽԼСһ鵤ʯǲֻۣҪԼȫ͵͵˾ͺá
鵤֮ʯ˫Ŀһգڻָ˰Ҳѧʯϥ鵤һȥ

ºʯоһЩ鵤浤Լϼصʮֵҩ˰µķǰ˼졣
а֪㻹ʲô㣿췢˿һ䡣
оƿ׼ȥתת˳ȥʯɫһ˵ԪϾʹԷȴҲо⡣
ҲãҲȥתתҲãЦЦ
ʯ˵ͷ˷ȥҲ˳ԼеĶǷı䣬ܲⶾ֮Ͼַ˻аһֵҩ˶⣬ʯܾв
ϱչأϴһк뿪ڣ˷ֻʱ䣬ǻص˹Ż塣
㣬ǵ𣿡ʯָָһҲ͹ݣȻǺܴ󣬵ȴǱһЩֱСǿ˲١
ǵããǰҳԷĵطҲǵһԷĵطʱóԵģЩ۵˵ƺ䵱һõĻ䡣
ʯ˵ͷǵõԼû죬ܼ࣬ԼչмѣΪһ඼ᷢ
ȥԱ̹ڶСӮ˼ǮʯʵڲŶӣקһ٣ȻҲûгʲô̫õģֻǸʱ򣬶ڶѾˡ
Ȼûʲôı䣬ǣȴѾǰͨˣʯп˵
̾һǰʱúÿ죬תۼȥˣҲʮˣ
ߣ㣬ҲüûԷˣһ٣ʯ΢΢һЦ߽á
һ¥ֻСӣһ̫Ѩ߸¡һϰ֮ˣϴһͨеİ
һһձߣһʮСүˣ׷߲ʱĿԼƺȾ缲һСʱʱĸĴº󱳡
һ֮һ꣬һϮ£Ӷʮͷӳðװ׾ϴһϢֻ
ʯ˽һſʯٴεϴγԹСˣ˼ζ˵˵ЦЦ
ϴС椴ˣʱһ꣬ץһŮȻͨСģȴǺܱ£ȥʮֻдż־΢΢
תЦһһѽСԣЦãߣԺ󱣹
үŹȶɣһҪչˣŮᣬһǱвȵġ
ߣһǸ缸ȥ˱ãӴǣ޹ңһᣬЩŭɫ˵
ҪŹȶԸߣŮ
λҿСŮԲԸ߰컯֮£ǿŮơʱԣϲĽ˵
ƣĸŭɫһһȭŰ˹ȥ͵ȭȫڻɷȭ


һʮ ۽֪
ģ£
һȭһХ֮ʯһܴһͷţҪǴϣ˽ᣬһþͿ˼
üһ壬ƾҪ֣ʯȴ˫ĿһУһס֣΢΢ҡҡͷ
صһ
һȭû£ͱһϺǻǲҪ˵ĹٸиˣУǻǲҪ£
üһȭΪƣƮƮİߵɶһƺߣɫһ׵ϣ˵Ĳᣡ
ΪʲôңЩ˵˵
ʯһЦ㣬ǰߣԪϾڣƺսûãǾͬƺʲôù㣬ȴң
ŶԭˣֿİˣǰڴﵹǾҪݾ粻ͬͰ䵱ͨˡ
˵ǰ˵öߣֻǲ֪ѣ۽ޣһΪʵȻʯĻû˿ɡ
СӣԺٹ£´οûôõˣߣӲм˵漴Ůԣ󺺴ߡ
һصһ˵ϣǰӣ󺺵ĽšСġһ£ЩŵĿԼĽţԼЩȡ
ǲȻŭһվΣŭ죬ʲô˼ǰҾˣְң
ӵȭһ±űĺƺЩ񣬵նľ飬󺺼ܵһնյĶ˹ȥ
Ϻҽ֮ͣǰԼ֪ô£ǲģҺ˿ˣ󺺽͵Ƣ꣬ýȥֽͣ
㵱ʮ꺢ͯɣû㣬㱻˿ƣߣҿǶϴηֵĺô̫ٲˣԲųû鷳ɣϺһԾһ߳
ЩɲȻԸڴ˴֣漴סһˣ̼һţСŮ״һ£һԥǳ˳ȥ
׷˵ûСŮֻ뼸ҲϾ˼ʲôȻСŮʲôҪɫ
ʯһۣ˽ǵ˵ͷȻָ߳ĹӦԼڲȻܲµ˭֡
ʯת׿˿պýĿ⿴ʯ΢Ц˵ͷԶ˶֪Էߣֻǰһ˿⣬ʯЩɻ󣬱ϾԼ־ˣʯЩ⡣
ʱſڴһ꣬ԼʮͷһѺڽԼߣȴаĽȥ⣬Ŀȡ
ɫȻһҲûУɫ԰ףƺȾ֢Ǳıƺǧ֮⣬˲ǣϳɷһɷ֪ɱ˶ˣܾۼ˶ɷ
󺺿һ߽ڽߵһֱǣ겻ͨˣԼͬͣס֣ЩɲĿ꣬׷׸оһ֡
ʯǣԴӿɫͲȻ۾ֱתƺʲôԲߣԼЩɵ֮ɫ
ʯûзֺⲻʯЩɻԪϾߣɵһˣ
ǿİԣǿһ۰漴һľϣ赭д˵
ΣСӣҲǽˣ֪γƺһ䡣
ûлش𣬽ʵׯʮԪԱһ¶ʮɶģ
ԣ˲˫ĿһУܵϵİѴ󵶣漴԰һЩЦЦ¶֮ɫ
ΣȻ˵İԵѵ£ǵģǱŹٸģһ䡣
ûлش𣬻ڽһɳɱ͹֮ڣƺ¶ȶ½˲٣ʯҲеȣ֮ȻܴﵽЧԼܸоֺ⡣
ڽʮǰׯĮӺȻüͷ
˵ǰĮسҼ˰ɱɱ֣ӦģССͲȻδЩϧˣΪɱ˼֣ܻˣһֻںĹһƺ׼ʲô
ʼգûлشκһ仰ֻ˵ݣкڽڵȻ֪ҵݣǾˣΪׯʮɣ
৵һ£
кڽһɨһɫâͬһʱ䣬󺺷׷׵ֵǳû
ȴʯձߣСŮ𾪲ѣֻǰһ죬û˿⣬оˡ
꣡
죬ĿڴӦѶöֱӱ˷ĩֲָһĨۣ˿Ѫ۾һԵڵأ
ĽúֶΣְ֣æơ
ɻ·֮ͨʱҹԱС뷿ǧΣνޱ˵
۽һ׷ô۲ۣԭĮǸȻʲô鶼ˣΪʲôҪʣ˵𣿡
Įüͷһ壺Ȼţֻǰ֪ǷʲôȥɣòҪͨǰ֣
ȿȣúãŶ֣Ը߳͹ݣ߱ߺߺߵŮӺϣԸ顣
ˣĵѣȻǰֽѵǼڧϣǰǸȶСŮҲǺܿģȻС͹ͨѾ߻ܹ
ѽҵ찡ɱµĽɱƫƫС϶Ĳ͹֣С壬Ͽȥ٣ŸʲôƹĴӹ̨˳ɫ԰ףŶӺĻ˵
ƹô͹ٸ˵Щ¡
ʵʵ˵İץһСڧԼ˴СԼܣʲôׯǰѰɱĸˣץһɻƹ˵꣬ƨƨߵ˳ȥ
ҡҡͷԼߵ۽磬ȴһԼǰͨˣƹǰΪ
ʵǸڧֵ߳ˣɻҲʲôͨƹͨ˿췢¾һͨ˵顣
ԭǰ֣ǰ׽Ū˵ϣһ仰ǲ²⵽ʲô
ʯ˫ĿһУɻ㣬ʵ֮ǰֵˣңһҲΪģ˿ˣ
Ŷ߹Ȼ򵥣ҵǰÿ찲ݣ֮ǰ֪˭֣˵꣬ʯǾɲ


һʮĻ Ӣ
ʯԲ²֮ǰֵ֮ˣһ͹ƹԼߵĻƣʣԼձߣʮ꣬СŮˣ
ƹүˣʯûзֶԷƹŵһ԰ףҪһߣҲŵ
ԣʯȻ֣ձʼգ϶û˿ɫСŮҲĿԣû˿еʣܹͨģٲǵһμǰˡ
ʯЩɻԼǰΪεˣȻǳԽԼΪӦԪϾϵĴڡ
ȿȣʱձ߾ҵĿԼؿڣСŮĴߺ󱳣һ֮ɫ
үүû°ɣСŮǵ
û£ʹˣ߰ɣձһЩǴСŮ뿪˿ջȻ϶ಡȴǲȽʯо߲ˡ
㣬ȥңʯҲһЩ漴뿪˲͹ݣ

ձ뿪͹ݺ߹հƵһլ֮⣬Ȼéݷƾɣƺʱ̮İߵСŮȶ֪ΪγԺ
ȶ棬վһ󺺣֮ǰСŮץȥջˣһѴѪĸֵЩȻ֮ɫ
ףôӻˣ󺺾ȵȻ֪͹ڷ顣
ȶʹ޵㾹ȻɱҺƴˣ
ƴʲôƴֻǰ˶ǣңϴߣˣԭ󺺸ոջɱȶףǡȶ˻
ųȶһѽץסߣҪϴ㣬ҾͰץһˣ
޳ʱһСŮ֣ȶ£ձߵŮ
һϴˬ꣬͸֪أǾȥɣӴ֪ضҲֻֻ۱ֻۣ˵꣬СŮһץȥ
ڴ󺺵ָҪӽ֮ʱֻСһವһһС׵ļֲƱðһ̣ý
ȻһߣϣһһӰȵĿһĻ
󺺾һԶԶĶ㿪Ҳ˲ץȶ֣ȶþȡ
ллллλ㣬ҽȶȶȦͨ죬᲻ֹ˵
ÿҿܻûأҽҵ־ͺãеӦģǴЦ⣬ЩŮ緶
ȿȣɱˣǸϿ߰ɣҪȥطѰҼҩģʱձҲ˽
ɱңһ漴ЦΪɱңֵǣɣ
䣬ʮӰ̫Ѩ߸¡һֲָ֣֪Ϊβ˵أûñ˷Ը˱佫Χ
ߣϴԸǲ˵أϻһжԲײȶû뵽㾹Ȼǲ֮Ұǻòͷˡ
ֵǣСץסϵɱСһЩСŮ޻˵껰ʮӰ̳ձߡ
ߣоâһ˫ֻ֮£һ򣬷ϯҲ˫߹֮ˡ
ʮӰԷߣԶ㿪лȹм㲻ȥҲиֵֵݣǴĳ档
žž֮
һṦߵز𣬲ձȻߣƺ粻ߣĿǰΪֹֻʩչлȥǻڡ
֮˵Ըһָ֣Щʤ㣬˶ˣЩҪ֪ʯȻڣΧһߣǿɱ
һṦʩչһŻ򣬽һ߻֮ѸٴܳһӰǿ󺺣Ʒֳֵָ䲱⼸Ҳֳֵָ
ס֣ϼһԾһŮĻ˶ֵܣǶŮ˵ģŮôСһǲģٺ٣󺺼Ц
ձϷһС򣬻ûȷųȥԼŮסɵɫһ䣬ҵĿ˼
ţձüͷһ壬ƺҲˣŭ
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ܿסϷĻ򣬸¶ȻԪϾǰǰС϶Ůһձ˫ĿһµҲһߡ
ʲô߰ԪϾµģСӣƺǸˣ߻ü󺺿ڵ
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ۣ֨֨
Ȼ䣬ڴڳһâڵһģ֮£ǳϣ˶һȻһֻСӡ
СӲָСһ˫۾תǿ˿ŮؿڣǴ˼ˮֿ˿ȶһ˫С۾ţȥǸˣŶŮֱ
ԭϲСһֳ˭Ҳ᲻ȤŭɫһСӣѾı⣬Ҳˡ
ǼץסҪˣ˵Żиֵǰ۵ĲһǳǳĺۣѪ͸
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ֻɫСﻯһâڣһת֮³˵棬ŭĿ˿ߣһֻСצһĨһɫëС
ŽɫСһСצнɫëƮɶţнϼ˸һëΪһӲĸ룬ܼȥ
ߵûжֳֵָֻһžžһиֵǳһϸСĶףɫë׵ش͸ֵڳߵͷ­
ͨͨ
һߵһɴ˫۵˵ϣȴǰҲûĿ֪Լģ
صʧˣĿձСŮҲˣȻҲСӵˣֻ˵˼ݻûü֣˱һʣ


һʮ ò
Сӿȫ¶һ˿Ц⣬һ£Ļ°ڳһɰģСԴǰ˲䡣
㶵ĿһУЩȻ֮ɫˣʯֻСӣȻǽˣ
ԭ뿪ջʯȥңӦ°ʱǾУʯ׼ȥȶŮܰ׼һ
ʯû뵽һһҲڸȶʯڰһ·ٶȶļʯû¶棬ߵʱʯʵԾС
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лǰȣС϶мЦˣС϶ΪǣΪǰߡ
ΪһڽңԾСѾͷһû뵽ǰҲߣĻиǰңձ߿Ц
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Ϸɢޣȴ޷λǰߣֻǳڧģС϶׼ѵһǼǰʱ˵лѳڧ
һǰȥСѾͷС϶ȻΪ˵ңܿС϶ߣԷȻҲǰġձ߸п
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ŶȻ˵ҶЩȤʯû˵˼ѾԣԲ׷Ź
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һ񣡡ʯڵү˵˫Ŀһ߲ûпڡ
ʯüǾò
ǰˣǵľˣ㲻Ҫˣǣ˵ŻóһƤһС֡
ʯɨۣ˫Ŀ˷֮ɫһ漴ʯмѣƤ仹Ӷݣżغô
ЦԪϾף߿ûһԼľˣһһˣԼС˼һֻӣԼү˶Ƕ֣θҺʯ̸ǮȻԸֻ͡
ǺǣʯĳҲĶһСѾͷǰһºˣҲ˾ӡʯӳһСڴװһ
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ȻѾȥԺлᣬҸɽȥɣԺЩôЩӣȥɣʯ׳һǮȶӸͷҲصߵˣСȻᣬǸʯ뿪˴˵أ
ЩˣʯǲйĽ˵ʲôʱͻˣȻͬ壬ʯȶಢʶ
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Ŵϲѧãû۵ĻᣬһŮֺٳţһӣຢӻҲ죬ҹŻСе˼ҺӶʮ˾꣬һЩ񶼲֪˼Һʱеĺӣÿ˶Ϊһڷձ
صիʲôʯ֮΢΢һЦڵǺǣôԼƵҩԶŽĿɣڿ»޷ڵġ
ˣҽڣŽʯЦЦ漴˵һֽһԼõĽ
ʯ˵ĳ̶ֳѾˣһµûʲô˵ģȻرܻҪĵ׵ģͱ˵С«
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ΰôˣʯüͷһ壬ҲЩоâ˸û˵ʲô
ЦΪʲôҵǺ棬һķҽǵһμɢˣαڷҽһСطΰҡڵ˽˵һľ֮ϡ
ʯ˫ĿһУ֪ΰôͻȻҵ֪ʦǰΪ£
ߣ֮䣬ʲô£˵̸𣿡ΰƲƲ졣
˼Ҫඣ
ʯҲǻڣڻΰûʲô⣬Ҫɱ˻ΰȻ˵ʲôʯΰѳ˲ݵĶ
ʦܣʦˣֻҷҽ̼⣡˵Żΰʯüͷһ壬֪ΰʲô֪һ֮£ȷʵûˡ
صһ
Ȼ䣬ΰ׵ĻӳһȭصĴؿڣһƺߣѪɫ԰׵ĵɶͨһ˵ϣ˫ĿһյĻȥ֪
״ʯŭһȻԻΰû뵽ﶯ֣ҾȻֶԸɫһ䣬ֻ֣һâԼ
һӣһƳǰžһ죬һֻɫذױһɣǵŵŵŵſסΡ
ͬһʱ䣬ʯƽŻΰңңһնһƺзһһƽٴȥ
㣬Ҫȫʬʯ¶ɫһУƽâһһģ֮µɶأŻΰؿһնȥ


һʮ ȻŰ
ΰۼƽȻȻ㣬Ҳûзųκαֵڻƽɵǰ֮ʣΰһ
۵һ
ƽ̼䴩͸˻ΰļ򣬻ΰҲ΢΢һ٣ŵŵŵĵ߰˲һѪɳΰɫһףһƺߣμ˳˷䡣
㣬չδ䣬ʯһ׷˳ȥȻΰˣȻŹɱԷĺûᡣ
һṦʯ׷˹Ż⣬ۼû֮ͨʯ׼ֹȻһХ֮
ʯ붼һ̼䣬һɫǹתһȻһӣΣȻڹɽӣ
ޱ飬кâ˸һϢȣȻһԪϾڴڣ֪ΰͬʱƺõһ㡣
Сӣܲˣ
ΰʦ֣㾹Ȼ˹ᣬԸͬţʯüͷһ壬ʱŶԲߡ
ΰǹһЦˣк֤ݣ˽죬һˣΪصŲɣ
ò֣ҪץĴȥӶŻΰڵ
ףԽƻǿʬ壬ʵѷģΰصҲûںϵơ
ߣɲ㣡Ц
ʲô˼ΰüȻЩˡ
ֲǺֻǴ˷Ŀְͬˣұ뾡ץȥҪǷҲ޷һԸӲм˵һ䡣
㣡ΰŭ⣬һԪϾڣҲҶ˵ʲô
ˢһ
Ȼ䣬ʮϼڰջΪ˻ߣУ׹ȹֱŻΰӺȥ
ͬʱʯɨһǰˣһһּڶȥգۼ䲻Ӱ˷Ӧ󣬸ոյֵ·Ƿʯʧ
ΰֻʯ֣֪һɨ֮£Ȼ޷ʯӰ䲻¶Ȼ֮ɫûʯٶ֮졣
ƺ֪ҪԶΰ֪΢һɨ¶âڣӳڵĸ֪Ц
˵Żӽ̤ɫǹ׷ȥΰں׷һᣬ֪ǲΪ϶ˣһԥҲûи˿ֹѪڷ˻ȥ

һɫӰ̤ɽ֮Уһӽ׷ᣬֵǣÿӸһӽһĻˡ
ǰɫӰºâһһиŰɫӰڰһּٶȷɶݲѣ֮˾룬·ɽֻӰжѣ𲻵иá
ˣʩչ˻ƶݷʯ
ȻûпʯɶʱÿÿϽʱʯĶٺȻҲֱͷһߣ˿Ķ١
ʱȥʯЩֲסˣȻܼʱֻһ˽׷ᣬʱԼľǿɾΣˡ
ƶݷ»ʧʯ̤ɽһ˦ʮ⼤۵һܵ棬ʯǻأƽͷһ
ãԶ׷ʯ֮΢΢һЦλأɫǹͷ¶Ϸ֮ɫĿʯ
ôˣľ˰ɣӳһڵ׷棡ЦҪ֪ڵĲǼǶٻʵѹߡ
ܺģʯһ䡣
ϻ˵Լ־ܣĳԶ֣Ҫһ֣ҪЩͷˣٺ٣һ
ʯȻ׶˵Ĳ࣬ҪսʤԷֻܳ䲻⣬Կûʤ㣬ȻǴ۾죬ʯͿԲɵԷֻʯҲ֪ⲻ̫ܣصС«Ҳвȱ㡣
Ȼ䣬ʯ˫һʮС漴ңңһ㣬ϵ˸
Цһһ֮£һ󾢷ϯ׵شɢ˷򹥻˵ĻӺȻ۽һ
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ͬһʱ䣬ʯһлƽ˲ûԶģֻڴһƺߣ漴ִҽС
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ȿȣʱһǱǹѪӰ˫ĿЩãȻĵɶû뵽ʯһĹϬмöշǿص˹ȥҲܵһЩơ
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صһ죡
׻֮һԶԶγһ޴Բֲɣʱķžžܾ̼֮仯Ϊ˻ҽ
ʯһֱռȻȻɫЩߣȴǴδйʲôɫﲻ֮ʱһ
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أһ죬ȭһ
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ʵ벻ףԼΪλһԪϾڵⲻ֪ʯ˶浤ʯȽ֮Űֱ˿̣ӲŸоΣв¶һ˿ɫ


һʮ߻ ˵
εɶһֱֻ۹ѣסΣֻʯ˫ֻӶʮâϯȥ
˫һǰֳһƣһžž֮׵ĵֵסâ
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һŤ˵ļǰһ죬ֱ۹׷飬βܿƵĵɶʮâ
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ţӵȻһĶͷƺЩÿƣͷƺһŰɫűק漴Ǳһ˵档
Щɫʱήɫ԰ײѣһϢޣһĵ˵棬Ȼˣȴÿһʯ¶̵Ц⡣
ʯȼ䣬ֻԶһŤΣƺˮĵ֮䣬һֻȻ
һ
һɫɺ֮۳ɵʮɻˣڵ潥ֶȰĴֱʯĸͷֻ۾â˸ƺһֱըǿ
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˫ֻƣŵһģʯȻܵһԼͬվϣ˫³ƺֻ֣ץס˫ȡ
ʯжٻŲλãĿŻ˺Хÿһ涼ѣһӴѹɢ
۵һ
Ȼ䣬Ȱ߬ȭͷһ˶ʯһȭֱۺȻ쳤ƺ޾
ãʯƶæųһƣӭ籩·ȭֵȥ
صһ
ʯֵĿ£鱦Ķֽͬһ㣬˲䱻ȭĻΪĩȻֵһʱƬ̵ĻᶼûС
ʯʩչʮҲֻڻȭ¼ۼȭͷޱȣƻֱֺ꣬ԵֵȻȴ¶ЦĿʯ
ۣ֨֨
ʱʯڼΪһâڰն˶٣ֻǰצٹͷһת֮£һ磬תɫȭȥ
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߸һӴɫȭֻ΢΢һͣǼʯתٶȼޱȣһû˾ȭڡ
ϼ˳ֱۣһֲ˼ٶȴڣ漴ڵͷ˶ͷ­ڣ֮ŰһṦ򣬱ǽֻ͵˫Ŀ
ȭոҵʯͷ£Ȼһͷ­֮һѺֶ漴鲼ȫһʮɴСĻˣΪһѻ׹¡
⣬ʲôޣô˾ͨԣɫ԰ף¶ãȻ֮ɫƺڽ⣬ԭԻļ󣬵ڡ
ʯԥһ˦ʮâϯ漴һߣԶ׻űѶɫǹ˲䱻ĵɶƽâһʢһնȥ
ӵһĵ棬ʮ߼ǿֵסʮâҪʩչȻɫһף۵һһѪƺ֮ǰ̫󣬸޷ٶֵӡ
һ촫
ƽ˲䴩͸ӵؿڣƽͷһƣͷ­µһ˵棬ѪڲӿʧȥϢ

ʯ津ʧʯָɣССӣҲ֪ʲôոձһζϴ֮ɫ
ٺ٣ʨ˻û˷ѣӵͨһܱ֮ƣʯ˵ŻСĵ˵ͷ漴ʯ֮ڡ
һӵһƷ漴бһһСϣ˲仯Ϊ˻ҽ
ܴһۣʯûзʲôˣ󲽷ŹŻ˻ȥ

һŴ֮ϣɫ԰׵棬վһԣϴŵ֮ɫڵֱתȵƣֵʯİΣ
һṦſӰһʯҴææĳ˽£ʯһϲ
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ʯͷâһͷŶ˳ֱڣ޸Żҵľѵ߹â˸
һʱɫָһ˿󣬸ɿ󣬻˫ĿɫЩ
ףͷҵתһȦȻֻˣǺǣЦЦ˿ʯ¶ο֮ɫ
ôӲĸȥƣӦʲôҩָ죿ʯһ䡣
ǺǣǰǵøžһЩ֢Լҽ֮ѵСû˷ۡ
ǵ裿ʯɻһ䡣
֪ʣûлش
ٺ٣ֻôˣҽڣһõ׳𣿡ʯεЦЦʵԼҽ˽ܶ࣬ʵ١
ʯԼŷҺҩߣʯ
ҽɣ˫ĿһУһ˼֮ɫǺǣСӵˣ
ȿȣмҩһ㻹ûʲôģʯʵʵ˵
ҪһŸ߼ҩܳ׿Ļ粻ȣһʩչȻΪȫʧ߽ڵ
߼ҩǵãʯЩɻ
õãֻһϹͷͼҩº֢̾Ϣһ
޷ģʲôҩҲʯ˻û˵ѣԼ۵ģʯҲȻȫˡ
ãȥƳǵһָһЩٸ㡮鵤ĵֻзô˵ϷָܻΪҴ˵ԪϾôҲСأһź󣬼ҲܼһСɫһ˵
鵤ȻԪϾĺôʯ˫ĿһչԼ˳䲻֪ǣһ޴鷳ڵȴ


һʮ˻ 
գʯǵƳɹúָһЩ´жûʲô⣬ֻҶ޷ҽ
ڴ鵤飡
Сӣ⼸Ȳһ鵤ķӣͷȥҩڵ
ʯǵ˵ͷ漴ҡҡͷҲòˣһֱ뵽濴߱ҩĵط
ȥʶһ£üƺЩΪѡ
㣿ʯɻ
ҲǲԣðɣȻˣҾʹȥ棬ٺ٣ԴḻҪʲôвɹִ£ǿҲûȥߵ̣ЦЦ
лˣʯЩСһֱȥʶһ£ֻԼʵҲ̣Ӧûߡ
޷ѾͷڼҴŻǹȥʵ
ңü漴΢΢һЦȥɣ￴ң
Ǻðɣ㾡ʯ˼򵥵һЩ˳ԹǸԻصϢһҹ
ڶһ磬ʯȥһŻ壬ʯǷųƽ˽̤ɽĳȥ
ȥʯŵϵľɫɿˣո·һƬַ֮ɽȣŻѱԶԶ˦˺档
ȻҸķ߰ɣڻƽϣ˵
ʯȻûȥڵͼϿǼ˵ؾ·Զ򣬼УҲҪ·̡
ǰҲȥϣҼǵһܷأʱܻģʯЩɻ
ü΢΢һ漴ЦЦǺǣСӻϸģǰϣȥܱߴ򼴿ɣϾǶһЩͨϣеĲǹŻ򵽣Ȼܻ
˷ƵĿɲͨҩǸ߼ҩһЩڸŪֻ֣ȥڶ࣬ҲԴȥ棡
ԭˣʯȻĵ˵ͷһ˽֮ɫ
ԪϾڵʵʯֻʱ䣬
һƬСƽԭʯӨӨ棬һֻֻСڵ洩УڰɵķţһϢʯ˿˫Ŀ֮ɫ
ƽԭϽש߹ɫһϵĽȥƣǽȺԵҲһЩԺȻЩƾɣȴǺټéݡ
Ӹ߿ոȥһִᴩƬȺͷֱܶϸС̯˽ֵԣȥַǷ
ΧһҵĸǽֻһŻŸһأˣŻ֮һҸӡԾĴ֡
ʯ˷ɽǰְһǷ˽
ϣʯƽʯ棬ԴŻֺĽɳ棬ʯû̫עһֱڹ۲ԵС̯ԼһҼ̣ʵڿ߾ۼĵط
ʯȴǺȻֵ֣ǲ٣ǻ龳龳࣬ԪϾżǺܶࡣ
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ðɣʯϽʵ񣬼ʣҲٹȹֻɨۣĿԼٳ
ٺ٣㲻˽ߵ̣ǽӰҲܲµһʯεȴȻûֳ棬벻
ʱ򣬶һΪáҩǰʯ˽ȥ
СʯһţŵһŨŨĲҩζûҩһվڹ̨󣬴СĲҩѷڹ̨ϣмӰڹּ̨ۻۣͨˡ
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¥װҲͨƣԿһܣ˿ߣڶ¥ѡԼҪ֮еѯʲô
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Ҫ֪ģܻЩʧʣȻ˵嵥ϵĲϼֵ򣬵ֵֻһݲϣ˭ָ˵ԼһγɹһٶṺݡ
ٺ٣СӣɣЦеĿʯûԼĴ㡣
⡭ʯüҪôһʮ񡣡
㲻Ҳ޷Ҿͳɣʼ磬ٴ¶˾ΥĿЦݣ˫Ŀţʯ߲ѡ
ðɣһݳģġʯֻһݳϣֹһδϣ۸ҲʯԤ㣬ȻҪʮ
ڻаõֻʮʯȺ󻨷򣬶൤ҩǻǿһݳϵġ
ȿȣϿ²֪ܻܲƺõĵҩʯһ䣬ҩϵǲ٣һֱû·Ͼſûммҩġ
ǰҩԻգ۸ҪɣϾҪһЩռģ֪ﶼʲôҩһ䡣
鵤ǵƸʵ̫٣ʯп֦鵤ʯ˵껰Ʋ¶ݡ
ԶһԪϾڵĻ꣬˻˫ĿһУоâ˸Ŀ˿ʯһԥһ뿪˶¥


һʮŻ 
λǰЩҩ۸С޷һϣʯ˵漸ֵҩɵþæ˶¥
ɨһ֮ǰҴ뿪¥Ӱֿ˿¥Ļƣ漴ʯǵȴŻƵĴ𸴡
һṦһͷ׷˶¥ֱӴʯǰ΢΢һЦλ׼۵ҩ
ͷϿЩҩ񣿡
ʯóһöʯҩǲСʲô۸ʯǲ̫λϵΪʯǿ͸ֻܿһߡ
ϲ鿴ʯ֮ڵļأоâһĿһʯ˵صĵҩЩǽҩ˶ֵܹʮ񣡡
ʮ򣿡ʯסû뵽ҩֵ֮ߡ
Ǻǣϰļ۸δЩˣЩҩطʮۣȥСᣬʮҲǲܣһʯһԼ˵ĺá
üڵļ۸Ȼض˵һĵҩ򣬲ܺĵʱ䡣
ȥУп߼ۣܱ֤ǲǺڵꣿ׺ɱ˶ᱦ飬пɲżʣλҪаհȫǱˣ
ʯͶȥѯʵͷڣʯϰԵ
ȴʼ磬΢ЦԼãֲָңԹгɳ
ȿȣʯɿǲ˷ʱ䣬ͷðɣǾͰ˵ļ۸ۣ
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뿪֮ʯڵҿЩϣõ
ףӦ֮ֻɨʯóĲ嵥ǿ˴š
ʯ˵ͷЩϵȷ֮ҲǻаѺܳʱоģ׼֮á
ЩϺͨһЩطгۣмֲϱȽ⣬ҪܼңҪȥһЩᣬ·вܽ׵嵥ʯ
·Уʯɻ
ЩƷɱ˶ᱦãЩ۵ĲϵƷ·ɾ޷õ׻ֻڵ·нףﶼݣ㽻֮ˣ˫Ҳ֪Էݡ͵
Ȼܵÿͨͨһ¥ͨ˵ҩãİ˵ˣηֱ߾ۼĵطѵͿû߽ȥʯһ䡣
Ǻǣܼ򵥣ɨһɨÿҵңǷܷʲôЦ
ңʯüͷһ壬ͷŶ漴֪ҵĲ֮ͬ
ףþȻĵûзӦʯЩȻ֣ԶһΪ󡯵ĵطҲ
ѵҲߵ̣ʯһ˵
Ǻǣһ¥̣ͨͨõģ¥ǳòϵĵط˵ͷ
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ǵǣûʲôңܾһլִͨͨĵĿ̡
һᾭ任Ϊλãû˽ܣҲѲμӵģҶҲ˵Żʯ
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ǽǶʯܣڷһЩϣһЩľЩͨʯ飬һЩ޵צƤȣֲĿ
ʯŲϵԼ;עļ۸񣬶ؼȻԼʱòϣ˽һ¸ֲϵ飬ʶҲãԺƭ
λǰЩϣСֲûУеĲҪ񣬲֪ǰǽ칺򣬻ȿ˼۸񣬶ʯ˵һ䡣
򣿡ʯüȻϵ㹻ɲ׼ôˣԼԺʱûУȥҩ׬Ǯ
һֻʨʬ壬֪ټ۸񣿡ʯ˵껰ȡһöԪָ˻ƣֱܵ˹̨ǰָһߡ
⣬ʬôŪ߷ַʨ۵ʬ壬ɵһ֡
ôﲻҪʯһ䡣
ȿȣȻҪֻûˣʨļ۸Ǵۿ۵ģ˫ĿһС
ֱӿʲô۸ǣʯ÷ϻ
򣡡ߵͷ
򣬷Ҿ͵𴦿ʯʼ磬һֱûпڡ
ǺǣҪǴ˳ۣܸļ۸񣬲ȻеģɣǳĳۣҾٸӵ㣬壬һҲӵģоʣСѾȥʰɡɫһ
ɽʯˬĻش
ﻹһЩòϵı鱦Ƿգʯһ䡣
ȻչҪʲôƷʣźø۸񣡡߻һ䣬ʯһ˦ϻһ鱦ɢһأмƣڱϵõģ֮ǰնɱӵɫǹҲʯһֻۣͬ˼õı
ͬʨһۣͬЩ͸һĸ߼ۣЦ
ãʯٽЩûõĶϣʨʬ壬һԭ㹺ĲϣҲһ
ǲ֪ʣֲϣ֪δг۵ģʯ̽һ䡣
ϷͲˣֻԼˣ˵꣬ʯԪָ뿪
ڴϣʯаԸˣû뵽һʨʬ壬Ȼ۵ĸ߼ۣһЩԼնɱ֮˵ıȻõʨݣȫΰġ
Ͳ֪һ浤ܹټ۸񣬺ٺ٣ʯһЦȴûý浤۳ȥϾ˵ԼҲĪĺôҪȻܻӣ
Сӣȥȥֲˣһ䡣
ʯһ뻨аԼʱ䣬ǲ漴ڵˣ񾡿Ͽȥ鵤Ƴ׿˵
ٺ٣ðɣͻȥ˵Żʯ뿪ʯǷųƽ˳ϣŹŻ巽ȥһ·˲ɻ
ڶ뿪ã½ֳӰһϢԪϾڣ˹ֹ˼仰漴Էų鱦ʯ˷˹ȥ״ֻ΢΢ҡͷ̾ϢһǼֲֵ


һʮ ϹŽ
СӣЩûҩģȻ۸񲻸ߣ٣ÿζЩҩĶַƽϣһ䡣
ıã鵤ѣЩҩȫʧܣҲһ鵤ʯΪȻ˵
ǺǣǾͺãͷҾͲٵඣ˵껰ڻƽϲ
ʯҪ˵ЩʲôȻüһԪϾ׷ǣ
Ŷͬ·ѣΪȷ׷ǣЩȻ֮ɫ
Ѿת˺ü򣬵Ȼ׷ᣬ˿²ɺϣʯüЩص˵
ǺǣϷ⻰˵Ҳ֪Ȼ׷֪СӴôҪûа취㻹ǰͷҷɣԸԼ߻ȥҲ뱻ۣƺҲЩ
ɣʲôʱôСˣʯЩ⣬ȴȫ߶ƽŹŻжȥ
֪Ϊ׷ǣȻһ䡣
ͲˣѵϳˣҿǲϤǰδʯüͷ΢壬Ҫ˵Լˣƺ̫ܡ
һʱɫӰУԽʯˣһģ֮£˶ǰʯòͣ
λг𣿡ʯüһԼö¥һԪϾߣһЩİҲһߡ
ǺǣԹ޳Ϊ˲·ɼһ۸Ц
پȻôֱ׳ʯЩһ仰˶˵˼
һһٺ٣Ҫ֣͹ǵǰ¶ң
һЩ鵤֦ѣǴ𣿡ʯоȻҩ٣ڴ٣ⲻ֪ͨ˶൤ҩ
٣ǺǣС̫ˣɱ˶ᱦѵ㻹ŻɣҡͷЦ
ںĵӣĸɵģʯоȻǶɣҲסһЩߡ
ڣĹҪûڣǿ϶ҵɵӣⱻνֹ׷ɱ
ɱǣ˭ܲ鵽ģЩŵӰȻ벻ɢ޷
ȷһЩԴǣļƣǼֱޱȣٺ٣Ʋı󱲣һЦ˵
ʯһ֪ԼҲ֪ΪζֻǴ˷ľѵʵʵڵΣջģԪϾڣʯɰߣֻǣûհ˳ߡ
ʱӰԶ֣ǰһ׷һӣǰһӰ·ʯ֮ʱȻһ£漴Ȼͣ
Ȼλѣɣƺ鷳ٺ٣ͣΣ΢΢һЦ˵
㣿ʯҲ΢΢һ㶣˲İǼǰڲ͹İֻ˿̾Ȼ׵ԪϾڣ׷ˣȻĮĺꡣ
ӸҲ鷳ɣʯЦЦ
С鷳ѣյֽܳѵǼԣҲ˾ӣý⣬Ȼ˵ʯ֡
ɻ𣿡ź۵Įޱ飬ͣʯ˸ȴδһۡ
ʲô߰ģǶʲôˣòҪϷ£Ļҽһ£߿˿ĮЩõ˵
ԣĮüͷһ壬һ˿ɱ⣬ûп˵Щʲôʯ˿Щҵĳ棬ҲǲɵüƵᣬڻƽޱϲ
Į㵽ûꣿ˵СԸ£ôҪԱһ֮ʣⶼ׷ôˣ㻹ûûˣµ
ҪƱ磬˵ӵֻҪĳ׷ϣͲŹ㣡Įɫ˵
ʯЩ֪ԩôֱԼˣ˿룬ϾԼǰ鷳
ιĮСӺѣҽٵļһһҴ磬³֮־ܣԸȥԱңҪС˵һҸƾ㴦ãΣƤЦ˵
棿Įüһ
ʳԣԳİ֣ص
һһߣһոսڵߣȻϷǰڳԣǻĲͷˣҪڹüŭ
룡ĮͷüһɷͷŶγڽɱȻңңһն
ˢһ£
һɫƥϯ߼ǰصһ죬ǰɶ߿Ѫһĵĵ߰˲ǿסΣɫ԰׵¶֮ɫ
㣬ʲôˣʵ߲˲ѪЩɲ˵һͬ¶֮ɫ
ôѣϴĺºܶθڣ˷˳һѣ߰ɣڣ˱ȭʯ΢Ц
ʯлѳʯ˹֣漴Ҳû˵ʲô߶ƽԶȥ
߶˸ҪȴǱһṦʯǼ˶ֻǾԽԽԶʯҲĽȴΪ
оâһصģϹŽڣͬ׸Ƕ֣˱ɣ
ϹŽޣʯȻ֪Įʵֲȴһֱ㲻ô¡
ߣԽ磬޽⣬һ⾳ڽڣ޶֮ڣڵ
ʯ΢΢һ㶣ô˵Ľǵ磿
ǰɣһϵѣʧѾãһЩԵ֮ˣ侳ԽϹһַ
ֻǴ˷ڼһԳʹ࣬ɷɾͣⲻԽף
ֲõоԭһʯ˵ͷ漴ɻˣô˵ǽˣôô
ۺ룬Ци˵ĻԵи˵ı£СӼһߣҲһͻᱻɱǰͨ˵ʲôֻ֮ûϷҲҶԣ
ʯ˵ͷ˸ߵۣǲڵĶ˵İΣȻûûΣʯҲоЩ򵥡
ʯ˳Ļصңڷд˻Ҳϲ⣬һŵҲڷ
ôһ·ϻ˳ɣ΢Ц
ǺǣСѲ٣·Ȼһ鷳Ѵ򷢵ˣϣһ衣
ѣЩɻƾԼʯ˽⣬ʵڲ֪ʯʲôѡ
ڲ͹ˣϢȥҩ˳оһµ鵤Ƴ˵Żʯ˵


һʮһ 
һºһƬɢŨҩҩ԰ڣ
ʯո컯¶δҩϣ漴ΨһǷݳҩ׼ã׼鵤
ԺΣ¯һʯҩ¯֮ϣһ֮£ҩƾշһ˴֮ڡ
ȻʧҲûʲôϾҩ԰ڴҩҲ죬ʯСעҩ֮ڣ鵤

ҳȥһ£Ҫң͸ȥլһЩƷɫȻ˵
˵ͷðɣ·Сģ
֪ˣͷ뿪
ãüһ뿪˷䣬ǳּլһۣɢڽϣլ
һṦȻͣסΣ˫Ŀ΢΢һУٺ٣Ȼȥլ޹ǡ
˵ŻһתǳŴⷽ˹ȥͥŲٶޱȣߵŻɽԵʱȻͫһһ˿ݡ
Ĭã˿ܿƽƽʯ飬ԼЩӿݵĵ·̧һֻţʼûǰ£Ȼһתԭ·ء
Ҳ֪˶ãԭվĵط׼ȷ˵ӦֻӦò̤ȴûзµǴ棬ȻһŤ
ΧռģʯƮɶ𣬿ӿݵĵȻΪѪɫҺ壬һڷܱǻָƽʲôûзһ㣬ﻹʲôʯ飿

ºͨأԱң
һľŮľڣһƤЦĻһλμˣǵ֮ɫ
һԱߣһźۣһѺɫɷվſڡ
Цٺ٣Į˵СԸ飬ô㻹кͻҪ˵
ƨԱȻԱ⣬һŭ˵ɻ˵ʲôԻҵŮôܣܡԱӲӲû˵
ͷģҲ֪ǰŪ٣ҪǿŮķϣӻ㣡Ȼû
ֵǣСֻЩãȴûҳֹֻӡ
㣡Աˣź˵ĮѣϷ㣬Ƿһ飬ɱǵĶԹһʹ
ԣĮüγɫ۽һæӼǧ󣬶Сüһ壬æ˰ǰ
ҪɱǾɱŮ֪ľͷסŮԸǣҪи̣ŮҲˣ˵ŻСһѼԼ۵Ĳ
ҪСס֣ҪԱɫ䣬Сɫᶨ۵ĲѾһѪۣԱ۲ѡ
ٲȥŮǿСƴ˻һ䣡
ĮޱĿ˿棬ɫû˿仯һһƱУӸԱ⡣
ǷӼһ飬ŮȷԸһⱾļ£ĳò֣ЩӼҲҵһ㣬֮һʹĮ˵껰𳤽תȥ
ԱͬйƤ򣬻˵ϣ㶵ĿһƱû˿ĶСǼæԱ뿪䣬ֻʣ˰Լ

곤ĳ˿ؿڣǺƹȥˣգС˸ˣĮʲôɱ֣ߡ
ãû׷ɱˣôһС滹дƬɭֻȥɣСˣԲС㣬ٺ٣
˳ּƱӢ¶һ˿һģ뿪ӼҴԺ

ϣеƷ裬˫Ŀ΢е˼ʲô
ĸߣֻǸûкúе˼ϧͷۣҡҡͷ
ܺúò򵤵мֵΪãܱƻ˷ƻ򡭡кâ΢¶һĨɱһţ
һṦſڴӰһ˽֮΢Цĵ˵ͷ
ˣȥݸĸˣһ䡣
΢Цĵ֪ûһΣԻͶլ˼죬⼸찢һֱû𣿡
ۺ룺СӦǻûɵҩɣ
˶٣һתϷϲСӣƭνĿĲϷ͵취ˡ
оâһ漴ЦЦҲϲԱƭνҪĿĲԸƴҲҪ赲һԱϣ
ĿԣЩĬã˭û˵ƺ뽫Է͸һ㣬һṦͷϸܵĺ顣
ˣʱʯЦ˳ϴһĨ˷֮ɫ
æջĿ⣬΢ЦĿʯڵͷоˣѵҩң
ٺ٣ҩԣ֮ծ񣬿ɾһʹˣʯûծܲܰװ׵Ľȥͷһծӡ
Сӻģʱֱǳû٣һŵҩɲǵծҪ˵۸Ϸ㲻ۣЦЦ
۾Ͳˣʯһ˦һֻƿ漴У˿ƿڣ漴¶֮ɫ
ȷ鵤ƷҲܸߣæƿ
ϲһ㣡ЦЦ
ʯҡҡͷֶҲԼãһЩ񣬷ⵤ˷ʱȷûʲôãȥʶ߰ΪǱıǮ
ô˵˳ߵĵ裬ٶи棬ϡϡеҩǽϣ˰£᷽ࡣ
Ҫ֪һЩϣɲ򵽵ģҪһЩĵҩõĵߣ
ʯʼ磬ЩΪȻԺԺ˵֮ûʱоʲôˣò˶ÿҪһҪ׼һ
֮й󣬻ҪȥǷȱֲϣаǶڻûнⶾ֮ȫָŻаܸо̫ȫ
ϵĶ֮ǰһ𣿡üһ塣
ҡҡͷ·Ѿˣ˶ȻЩı䣬Ȼƽ⣡
ֻܿ¶ˣ֪ʱܽʯ̾Ϣһ
ʱ䣬ܻ뵽취ģһž߼ûȥʱһ°ɣҽ㹻вⶾ֮˵Żóһžʯ
лˣʯžимѣҲǰʶ㣬һϳĮΪޣӵ൤ҩĵ֪Щ磬Ƿ׾ͿŪ


һʮ ΰĻ
Ż⣬һɫɽʯϣڷжȥ
鵤֮ʯԼţԼĵַʯԼоǰҩѻʯоٲҲƳʮҡ
ȻǵһƸ߼ҩʯտʼеģĽȴǺʧֻɹƳĿŶѡ
ʯһֱļʶ˵õǲž󣬶صĵǲ٣̸ʯģҲֻһСֶѡ
ʯǰָһЩҩ鵤֦鵤㹻ԪϾãǷܹףֻܿԼˡ
оƿЩɶչһܽ׵ԪϾڣ΢΢һЦ
Ŷ̫ˣоƿҲЩɶȥһЩ鵤ȡǶͻƿʯ˵˵
˵Ҫȥϣ֪кõģһ䡣
ԣʯüͷһ壺ȻǸа׼ģֻϧϴ㣬Ҫ˰æƳ죬ֻ֮ǰڴһƺû˻ᣬԺҪ棬һˣ
죿üͷһ壺ҿ׼ʲô죬˵Ƴ
棿ʯЩ⣬漴֮ϸۿʱüʱ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ʱ䣬˵ͷƺƽ죬죬ԷӣϲӦƽ֮󷨣
ʯ˫Ŀһ¶֮ɫֻ֪󷨣û뵽֮ߣֻǿƽ죬ܲµŵԡ
ƽ󣡡ʯ΢Ц
Ϲ󷨣˵˫һǰ󷨵ʱ㣬ҽдֻǲ֪ιʧ˻ƴ󣬲żִ󣬽ǰģ٩٩̸
ʯЩϲ£죺㣬㾹ȻҲô˽⣿а˵࣬û˵ϸ
ż˵ֻ׽ƽƺЩǷȱдһ˿Ȥ֮ɫƺ䵱Ȥ
Ƿȱиõƽ֮ʯգգۡ
ҡҡͷҪоҪǰĻҿоһ£ȻҲҸĶ̫ΪûȫǸݼ⡣
ã㲻żʯ΢΢һЦһ·˵˵ЦЦĻصڡ
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ʯ㾹ȻţΰͫһʵţһԪϾڴԳ֣Ȼʯӵ˷ܼƻȻʧܡ
ʯһЦôû⣿
㡭ΰ漴ת˵˼仰һ㶣漴ת˻ȥɽ׼Ҳȡˡ
ߣϲʯʦܰȫأΰ˵껰תȥ¶һĨЦ
ʯЦһ뼸˼䣬ǴȥһṦ·ӣʯǣСӾȻ׵ԪϾ
ȻԪϾʯ΢΢һЦ
ٺ٣ʯʦ֣ҪûЩҴҲ׬ô񣬸򲻵ЩҩˣӸ˵˵
Сӣ׬˲ٰʯӼ򣬼˵˵ЦЦһ·Źիȥ
ͽʯλٽסȻ䣬Ӱ嵽Χϴɱ֮ԪϾϵϵӡ
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ΰʯһǷ˻ΰӰ
Ԫ·γϣϣϣϵʮϣΪ¡أʯɻ
ͽ֪ɫһŭ˵һɸֵϧ֮ɫ೤üͷе̾Ϣеޱ顣
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ʦҲңպ˵ˣ˶Ըңʯüͷһ塣
ϻҡͷ̾Ϣʯ˵Ϊˣʦģ֤ݣ֤׵ģ
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γһɫߣĻƽó
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ҵȶ̫ţѪ˿֮󣬴ſóǻԱˣտı״ԣ˿ƼǺϣʲô˵ģ
ԣʯһֲõջΰƺⰤԼһֲֹѪ˻ȥʼʯΪΰֻΪֻɱԼû뵽ȻƻĻʵڿ¡
ϣǻΰʦ˶Ըңַֻܳʯ͵
˵Ҫ˶Ը㣬㻹ܻڣһƶûУʯ˵δ̫ͼˣѵΪλϣЦһĻԣΰüĿ˵
Ī˵յԪϾڣڵֶԸ㣬ӵΰˣǵ꺢ͯɣ
ߣ֤ȷ䣬˻ΰҪֱӵĻԺ˵ɱӣҵȶڹ
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ʯ˴Ҳ޷̣ԪϳĬã˫Ŀһ̾Ϣʯˣɱ֤ͬȷ䡣
ȡȹմԣʯһΨһֱ֤ԼɱˣνǰٿĪ磬ΰһ¶һıóѵЦ


һʮ 
ΰһάţҶΪ⣬ʵһűڵӣϹͷȻֵ֧ģʱϻһ룬۵߿ڵ
ԣΰϲɫ೤Ҳ¶Ȼ֮ɫȻ˵֮ЩݣԳˣС
Ԫޱ飺ʦ֣ΰƷĿõģֻ˵˴ҵѣ£ΰʦֶѡڣȻʯ䶨պ
лϻףΰɫһгһյӽȻڣڳΪһڣѹĹȣ
ǣΰһ˵Ȼһ˷ԣʯɵɻ
Ǻǣıãɢ˰ɣһ£ʯѺ߹λ뿪Ԫ󣬻ΰҲǻصסͬеģΪΰ˵ϡ

˸һţΰЦлϳıߣл֮ǰһ֧֣һ仰ȿǽڴϿڵģ֮λȻϴһְ̫ϴϣ
ϸһ䣬ЦЦĿǰһЩϵӣȻЩ˱ǿһЩǱ㣬ǼΪǡ
ʯ̫ɫ֮λǿĶ֣ԣϷ뵽취Ͼܲ˶֪
ΰ˵ϣ㣬ԭΪ˼ƻᱻϻɣϻǿʹѰʶû뵽ô˳ܸɵʯ̫ˣ
ȴüǰȷ̫˳ˣԱϣ¶һĨǡ
ΰЩȻϣѵʲôף
濴ȷûʲôףʯ֤ȷ䣬ϱ˵ҪԶѡһȻΪء
ڶʹѰʶٺ٣ҲңϾŵӣ֪˵Ҳֻֻ۱ֻۣϻоأ
һ뿪ڣκţݣŶ֮õģҪ֪ǸطֻܿҲֻ֪ڣҪǿбвͨģҲûˣϻ
ΰ¶һ˿漴ʵǲ֪ϵʲôʯûзأѵϻܷڲɣ
ȻܣϻȻͨҲụ̂Ƕֽ޻˵ҲǼάˡ
ϷǺ棬ʯĿǰǱ˾Ȼһûû˵Աϣ¶˼֮ɫΰҲɵоâһ

ڶգ´ķзɾȻʯ£ΰײ赲֮󣬴ӴʯԻΰǳ˶취ڻΰǱ顣
ˣһӣԭͼӵΰڶԻΰӵߣ
죬Ԫ
ʯٴαԪȻлΰ죬Ǿʯ֮ʱˡ
ȻõĽӦҲǷȥΪɣ
ʯ˿ԪϣԼʦϣԼһȻ֮ɫγϣʮΧܣΰһȻվڴʤȯգʮ㡣
ϣʯһֱԻΰģΰìܣϷ֮ʯն˵껰мͷͬ⣬ȻһЩ֧ߣΰЦ
նһֵ֧
ҪնҲǻΰն
ʱſڴȻӰһһٻӰֶʮңһɫȹ䣬ɫǷһΪȻԪϾڣ
ϣλϣŮ˵껰ǿһʯ
ʯŮס¶ɲ֮ɫƺǼ⣬лһ˿֮ɫʯԴŮİ
飿ʯһѵڵӣΪǰδвɵʲ࣬鱧סԼ
飬ϴûμǿϧˣʦϹִʲô£Ͽʵϵûʲô飬೤Щɻ󣬲ΰɫǲ̫ÿ
鿴һۻΰŭĿһɣϣһɽΰͬУ˺ϻɢҽҴ׼ʯʦܳȣ˵˻ΰǺġ
ʲô
֪ܣ¾ȻҲ˵óڣ
ʦֶ⻰һԺɾˣд£Ҳڴͥ˵ֵ𣿡һ˽֮Щ嶯
ΰ飿һɫõ˵೤Ͽΰ۹⣬ҲһЩ仯ΰǶͷ亹ֱð

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һ֮ϣ·վʮŮӣɫ䣬ƺѵʲôһŮҴһ¡
ʱſڴһӰϵһУǿ˿ϵĺ¶֮ɫ
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£üͷһ壬ȻЩϲ
˷ŷʦģ׼ȥɱޣ˿ŷѩ
ɫһ壺ߣеӣѵһͲԼˣѵҵĵӶ벻ˣ
ɫ΢䣺ǣ֪뵱ʦûҵΪ⼸겻֪ΪһֱչزһؾȻԽҵΪǲżҪɱ޻Щ񣬶๺һЩҩץ׷ʦã
ߣ¶Ȼ֮ɫҵĵӣ㲻Ϊ飬Ҳһɫˣճؼѣ
¶Ȼ֮ɫѵʦò֪ʦԪ۸ֻ
˵ʲô˵껰ɫ
˵ˣʲô֪ƺԼ˵죬æտڲԣһԥɷһһģʧ
һ̣ԭһ֮ɫʧֳһĨЦ⡭

ΰ㵱ͬţֱ°ܻԪڣһŭ⡣
ߣԭΰˣֲôΪʯԭǵʯĺ£ΰ֪߳ܣ˵ʯ񱻻ΰֱǷ
ȻҪɱ飬Ҳвɱ֮ͬӣ
ΰǳ𴦴Ϊʯնִ˵˵дʲôУ
γüͬţ°ܻΪһвɱ֮ͬӡΪݺͬʯΪһն
ȿȣ⣬пѾͷ˵ѣɫ̫ÿĿ֮£ΰûҿڱʲô
ƨ
һŭ⴫ţһɫӰſڳ֣һģ֮£ǳһ֮ϣһŭĶϡ
ƥҲ룬ûΣҿκ²ŲʣΣҵĵӣҲҪָ˵˵֮ˣǺ
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ʦɫЩѿʯ˸һ£˲İǼǰھĺ
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ߣ飬Ϊʦ߹ٴΣ˵²Ҫ룬ҪΪ˸ʲôΰĵĸΪʦһá
ΪһʯȻڣ֮ͥ˵£㲻¶ˣΪȹľΪʦͰ˽ʯȻлΰ
λסңסһӣС˵Żһɫ磬Żΰһ˶ȥ
ʯտʼ͵ЦһԼŹֲһԸ˺ǷǵԸ


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һģ赲˻ΰǰϸĵʯǰ೤Ͽһɵ̾Ϣ¶֮ɫ
Ŷû취λϣʲô취㲻֣Ȼ˼ʲô˼Ҿһ仰бȥţ
ʦ֣ʦܣǽסңҾͿܱǵʲôʱ򣿡ɷһ˵˵
ʦã㲻Ҫ̫ˣΰݴʲô壬Ӧ㲻Ҫ£ɫһ˵༸Ҳǳάΰ
ǰݣߣʦ֣ɱ˻ΰ㲻ȥɱңЦһϲ۽һ
飬һ󣡡
˵Ż飬Ŵ֮ȥ֮ʱһĴ˴
λòҪҵӵ˵ȥ˭ĵӣֻҪͽ֮£Ǿͱҳ飡
صڴ϶ԴϰΪ˭Ҳûʲô飬ֻҪԼͲԶںΪ˵û̫⡣
Ȼ̫ˣƺҲЩŭԣΰɫ࣬û뵽úõļƻȻʦͽңǰܻԼ
ϣӴְѵʦ˺ΪЩʵĿ
Ԫԭ봹˫ĿޱʦȫԼ֣ȥŵģʦ飬ʦҲΪʼ磡
ϲתƻ⣬ףΰδѲҪ̣ϺȻɫһһǰĳĬԴϬ
üߣСס˵ֻһ֮ʣҿգ취ǣźãпСˣ
ãǺǣļʶԶҵȣ۹⿴ҲӳԶǰ׻ˣȻһϵ˵΢΢һЦƫƫԶԡ
ĻΰնȻûв壬ĳҲ֪жʾγɫ
λϣл˵ʯȻڣ˲ĿͶ˹ȥ
Сӣ˵ʲôɫһ塣
ʯȻ׻ΰʲôݣʯоЩһ㣬٣Ŀǰ֤ݻûΰնʯָо֤ȷ䣬ΰҲа취ס
˿ɫ׵Ļΰʯ΢ЦǺǣΰʦ֣ȻǱ˵Ӧһᣬ²ֻΰʦ֣԰ʦ֣
ʲôΰ΢΢һ㶣漴ϲɫһʦֵһʵûʲôûʲô
һеĿ˿ʯ¶˼֮ɫ೤Ͽ˿ʯҲʯػ֮˲иķչ
£ʯһЩϵĺøУı֣ڶ೤еλҲ٣
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ãɢ󣬴ֻʣԪϣϣԼˣ
λôԪϿ˵һ䣡
΢΢һЦƣͨ£Ӧÿĳʦֻ֧ΰģмҲΰ˵Ӧöʦһߵģ
ΰ˻صţ˵ʯдұоԣһнƾͼƣʦһ壬Žֻ֧ΰȫ
Ƕʯ£ŰմϵķԸȥ֪ͨ飬ȥʦ˳
ֻǵʯ·ţû֪ͨСӣݵĲʵ˷ʲôҲŵˣ
ȻҪǿʼΪӮˣҲ԰ΰʦַɴ⣬ֱ޻˵΢Ц
γȨ˷ʵڲһֱʯЩµʱѡʯΪż̳ˣΰΪʯ̾Ϣ
γϲ£ᰵʯµʦ֣»뾡һа취ΰһж֣ϻ˵
ΰȷʺϽţֻݲͬأһֱֳɫûʲôŵ飬ǲ˲ӵߡ
ʦΪ٣󣬸Ǵδŵ飬һֻ֧ΰţвٵ֧ߣϻ
Ĭã̾ϢһʯƷԼԴǣζȻǻΰݺʯֻϧû֤֤࣡
ϻ˰֣һνĵٺ٣ЩʱಢҪӮҵյĿģҲȥ֤̽ʲôС֮Ħѡ
˷ǳ֮ĽĿǿΰ֧ߣ֪֪˷սʤȻҪǴѹΰ˳ΪʯһһЩϵĺøС
˫ĿһȻ˽ѾҪˣٺ٣֮ǰ˻ΰ֮⣬ʵһЩ˶ΰһϵˡ
ЩǰڳЦһϺͿҵжǿʯЩļһΰ硣
ЩǺεȿЦûΪǵĸоԼ˽ĻԶԶϵ˳ȣ̬֮ʵڲΪݣѳɴ
Ҫǳɳ֮·ִɵ֮·ǿɾûʲôˣֻϧ޴֮˿ǲģ˭ļģ
Ϊǵļһѣܾñ˲ԼԴΪְˣûǣҵӿ£Ǿȴ֪ѣٺ١ЦЦ
üͷһ壬ֵˣҲⲻãʦֿɲǰúŪģ˭ܱ֤ԼǱ˵ӣһСΪһҪȥʦһˡ

իڣʯ˶У
ԭʦаţлʦˣʯ˵˸ţ˵֪ΰˣթֶλסʯʯ㲻ˣ
лңʦ˼Ȼ㻹Ҫлʦ㣬ҪڣʦҲҾ棡ٺ٣û뵽ʦʦʶֹϵЦЦ˵
ǸȿȣԵȥлһʯЩ˵Լ˵ԶҲټ棬֪ԼҪȻ黹Լ˺ˣ
û뵽Ǳ֪˴£ɺϵǣ龹Ȼͬʦ㣬ʯ治ԺԣֻҪԼ˫۾飬Ժоֳܸ鵱ʱһĻ
ǰҲ֪ȻӢ۾أһЦСһŶ䣬йŮ˵Ļ⣬С۾ţƺȤ
СһҶûϣ綼ˣٺ٣ʯͷƺʲô͵һֿ˿Щʯ˸
ʯЩ㣡ʱ⴫һŮΪġ
ֻʯ۽һͨͨһ¶һϷı飡


һʮ ˵
ϣ㣬Ҳ̫ȻطϢˣټ
صһ
ʯĻû˵꣬իһɫ˽ǿһۣ漴ü΢壬ʯ
лҪ˵ϣǻرһ£лλޱ˵
ȻûǰǧСģҲɢһֲݾܾԸ񣬲֪ǲΪǰ¶ıġ
ȿȣʯʦܣʦ־Ȼȥˣͷ͵͵һЦת˳ȥ
оһʯûж˵ʲôתصԼķ䣡
飡
ʯܹоԼ٣˴֣ɵȿȣǸҪллʦˣ
ʯһӣоʦЩŤҲЩ
ޱʯ˶棬ĬƬ̣黺ڴѹֵգ
죬ұɽ
ҲңǿܾǸᣡʯ۽һԼЩѳֲסһЩ飬ѴãҲˣ
Ϊʲôʦ֪£
üһ壬ЩɻĿʯǻң治ȷǲʯһŮԵıֱǰʯһΣ
ҵǾôһСѾͷ꣬ץסˣͼӴ˵һЩֲ֪֣ͺ˵֡
ʦԭ£ҵ֪Ҳڵĵӣǲ֪ߣҪȻҲҺҰϣʯɴ˵
ôɣʯ·Ҫʯ͸
Ȼˣԣʦʦ˼飬һ㲻ҵ£ǧ鷳ʯæ˵ͷ
¶һ˿ãʯ֮ʱȷǻңȴһ˿ѣԼ䣬ԺǵӰȷʯ
ҲǵӰһֱԺг֣Ҫǣ֪ΪΣǵӰԺл֮ȥ
֮ΰĶӰ죬صźһֱչزʱ䣬ųأ
ԭΪȴ飬û뵽ٴα䡣
ֻǣһֱ޷϶ǲʯϾ鲻ϵģϣǣʯԼ׿ڵĿ϶
Ĭã۵ۣں㷢ٴλָ֮ɫ
ʯʦܣһ䣬֮ˣ治㣿
ô᣿ʦһܲʶڹŻǾ͡ȿȣͼģҪҾµʦ㣬ôܲʶҾŮġ
ʯһԼµһŮòһ͸ԼѪŮʯŮòʱ˵ѣƺˣ󲻵̾һ
ˣû뵽ҲڣΰΪԺ󣬺Ϊ֮ɣԼҲ֪Ϊλһ䣬ЩŰɵ뿪˹ի

ʯĳ˿˲ͷ亹ˣŮãУлʦģ֪֪ʲôɱ˵ˣ
ۣ֨֨
ʱСӺȻĵϣĿʯһСʯȱȻ˵ʯô˵ƭˣ
ȥ֪ʲôʯͷһС鼱æ˿ȥʱ¶ӵı飡
ǵõ˵ʦλӱչ࣬˴ᣬû뵽飬ֲõʦΰ˵ԼҪ˵ΰ£Լ϶ҪùԭλʦƢôգʯЩ
ʯЩʧ񣬲ü΢ЦôҶС׼ô㣿ɣ
ҲȡЦңʯ˻Դ
ôشӢۣһЦһ˫۾
㣬ڼǸϿչذɣ˵ܸ֮ǰ˳ͻƿģʯɫһ˵
Ҳã֮нҾ취ﰢ׽ƳЦЦڱչ֮ǰ˻ıһ١
ȻСȻŹԴȵĻᣡ
ʯһЩ鵤֮󣬱˫˫չأڼһΣҲûȥʯηأ

ߣʦãϣѵǾûа취Ըӥΰɫ΢ŭ˵
üͷһ壺ҪΪᱻ˻˴˷ƻϲȫǴһֲ߻ģĿľϷ˸ˮ棡
ʲôô˵֪ʯԩģΰЩȻ֮ɫ
Ϸֻǲ²ѣЩѾҪˣʦãĪ˵Ϸû취Ҳó˵Ըкã
ȻƢԱ꣬ʱ²һֻҪ߲ĵӣʦǴӲµģΪ˳̳֮λΪ˼
ΰ۽һǣѾ֪˵Ұ顭ȿȣضȻŹҺʯģ
оâһͷ˵ʦöᶯ֣һὫ˻ɱݲͬϷȥȰȰʦãǸһЩۣɱǣ
ʯԪϣҲ취ƽģͲǸòĵˡ
ٺ٣뿴鸮ѪԿ֮ˣ
ʯֳɫӵƣǱޣܳΪˡεȾʣʦƢٻҲò˼һ
ΰ¶Цݣߣʯ֮һΰ߹ȣϣֻҪҶż̳֮λ򿪡鸮ʱ򣬶ȻҪĺô
ԣоâһһЦЦϷ򣬾ǰлˣҪ취ԸСӲУٺ١Աϣ¶˼֮ɫ

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ʯһ֮ϣɫϼ˸ɢһ޵ǰһֻƿװһЩ鵤
ƺЩСԪϾƿ
һ´չأʮö鵤ʯȻû˳ͻƿ
ڼ֦ȴǷ˱仯ԭ̵Ҷûд򿪣һЩҶչȥʾƬһ⡣
֦Ҳ٣ɶߣ֮ϳ͹ƺҪӶ֦һ㣡
ʯ˫Ŀһһ֮£һ鵤оһϯȫ֮ڿڶȥ
һ
΢΢һҷ֦ΪģγһСУ֮ٵı֦գ֦ҶɢƯգ
ԽԽ࣬磬ճͬҺһ㣬ػΪ£֦֮ϣ
һĻˣԭֹ֦ͣٴαǣâ˸һƸֶ͹ĵطµ֦ɣһƬƬεҶչ
ֱ֦ɶߵʱ򣬲żٶȣ˿￴óֱ֦һŲ֦ŨܣҶïʢɢӨӨĹϼ


һʮ ׼
պ󣬹ի¶
ʯһ֮ϣһɫϼ˫Ŀʹޱ飬ɮ붨һ
˿ڣŷ츲صı仯
һ֮࣬֮ۺޱȣ֦˿ѻӽ֮޵Ĳ֦ҶïʢΣͬʰӨϼ
һӰھ֮ϣڵı仯ϴžϲ֮ɫ
׵ԪϾڣȻ֮ı仯ֲڹɽ֮ʵǿᡣ
ҪԿѹˣʯ΢΢һЦõӰʧ
ͬһʱ䣬ڵʯ˫ĿһдŸ֮ɫ΢΢һڴһı죬ÿһƤóƺֱըԵ̺ڣ
ſһХһ˳ʯɫϼһһ֮£৵һâ˸ʮ̵Ľâ
ţһâΧʯѣƬ̼䣬γһɫ֣ʯλм䣬겻͸һ붼޷ɵĽ
ľʩչ콣ڶҲѾӽԲܹʩչ彣âˣҲøϬʯЦЦ
۵һ
ɫʧܽâ׷Ѷʯȡط֮

Ԫĳ侲ڣ
һϣΰվڶ棬ƺʲô
Ǻǣ׵˺ڣ˷ڿԴˣطӦÿ˰ɣЦ
ոĲ㣬˼ΰһ
ðɣʦѾˣֻҪ㲻ȥԼĵӣӦòȥΪ㣬ˣԺǰΪϸ
ԣΰ˫Ŀһлϣ񱨣
ˣ֮䲻ؿܷһʵ˽ţǺгɾ͸еģȻȥɣ΢Ц
ǣΰ˹֣תȥ
Ĭãϵϣ¶һĨаЦݣ֮ɫ

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ʯѽط˵Ĳ㣬ֽƶݷһ콣ȻĿǰ޷㣬ʯҲ׼ˡ
Ͼ϶ȰԼʯɲλʦһ㣬ûнչ˷ʱ䡣
ʯһƤһβȱڹò͹ڣүеõģҲûʲô֡
ʯ˼죬ƤԺһһصķʽתԼôһ㹦Ȼ֦ҽ֦һ㺮˪
ʱ仺ţʱ䣡
һĻˣҪһڴˣȻᾪȵķ֣ʯȻϾȻͬһͨһ㡣
˼ǣø֪ɨʯλãȻտյ޷ʯΣֻܿѡ
䣬Ƕս͵ϮЧʤ˷ʤҪǸ֪һ֪˵ıǰ͵ϮǾͺñͨû۾ǽǺεȿ£
ԪϾڴˣҲֻܷʯһߣȴ޷ΪҪ֪ͬߵˣǾ챦ڵ
ֻʯո˷ﲻ־磬߽׶Ҫ֪߻ʩչԪϾڹɼ֮
ʱ仺ţʯͣβȱһϢԽͳ󣬼ԪϾͬףҲԷʯϵ
ҲֻԪϾԲڣܿ̽һ˿̣Ȼûϣ
гɣϸ̽飬ҲԷһߵģԱϣʯһϢޣһʯһ㣬Է֣

º󣬹ի
ոһЩʳԼԣСʵڶˣʯչؿѧˣֱûдСȥ͵ҩ
ۣ֨֨
鱥͹Сӣ¶֮ɫ췢ЦƺҪ˵ЩʲôȻ
ʯʦܿڣ
ڱչأƿš
ϲˣʦͨһ֮Уʯʦһʯʦ׼˹֣
ʦûгأԺȥҲΪʯˡ
ˣһЩҪ֪ͨҾˣǣЦЦתȥ
ոջص䣬պʯҲӵ¶˳ϴЦ⣬˴֮ڡ
ˣϲˣЦЦ
Ҳˣҽ׺ڵûʲôʯʼ硣
˵֮УѾ֪ͨڹϲ£Ц˵ʯˡ
ʯ˫Ŀһڿˣ֪ʲôôЩڴʯϡ
ϧܴͨӣֻвμ˲ȥ㲻ˣ̾Ϣ
ûϵһú㣬ٺ٣ʯüŪ۵Ц
Ų㡭ĿתȻһЦ
ʯʼ磬ɫһ㣬ʱûң֪ضˣ
Ҹճذ£˵֮ǰҹ㣬֮Σپûʲôˣ޶شһ䡣
ʯ˵ͷҪǵ᲻ԼûʯǷˡ
ôεû
ȿȣôᣬʲôεģεΨһ㣡ʯƤЦһ죬ǻصԼķ䡣
ôߣʯҡҡͷصԼķóһֽһЩ׼Яķ˳һЩ׼۵ķ󽻸ӡ
ڶ磬һٴͣʯıһ٣С˵ֱ
ӣǰ붼ģ˿ϵĸζ
õӣ֪ӵ˲ǲ㣬иεƶţǲòǰͱǣ޷ͣʲôʯ̾Ϣ
ĻΪʲôܸо⣬̺źĵһֱЩɻ
ں˵ˣ㣬ҲڵʱһҪúڼҴţһ֮һȥϣǧҪжʯǵ˵
֪ˣİɣһзִģЦЦһ֮󣬸Իص˷䣬ʯû˯һ
ʯ˫ۣϴ֮Թͣʯ뿪˹ի󣬴˿ѳ˼Ӱΰ֮һ
Ȼϣγϣ˴ӡ
ԪϾڷɣΰϴβμĵӣֻǴʱĻΰ׵ԪϾڣڷɣǽ׵ԪϾԲ֮νһĶڣ
ҲǸոս׺ڣǿвμʸӣ˺ڵΪҲûǵǽϵӴԲڡ
Ҫ֪ԪϾڵϵӣһʵҪԶ½׺ڵӵģʱµ⣬ʵȺûģ඼ϵӰˣ
ʯǰΰͶһĿ⣬ĿԣһεĻ𻨣


һʮ߻ 
½ӰǰΪҲԪϾڣмԲڣڷɡΰ桢ʯµӣպʮˣ
һƿ֮ԪΣǰ
ˣѵ룬һ£ͷϼһ۳ְգ󻺻ڵ棡
ȵȣһƿ֮
ʦ֣Ԫüͷ΢壬ϡ
ϣ˷Ϸ׼ǰȥսˣҲѾأ˵֮УӦûһˣ΢Ц
飿ʦ֣֮ǰ㲻˵п޷μ𣿡ԪЩɻ
ǺǣҪԪϾڣϷȻͽȡʲôոս״Բ֮ϵ˵ͷ
Բ״Բ֮ˣԪЩ⡣
Ȼϻ䣬һӰ̤ɽԶһ飬һΪȻԪϾԲһЩ鸡ϢӦǸսײã
ԱѶã񡭡üͷһ塣
ֱӰ˰֣ɨһµӣڵµֻڣʯΰȻȡսײã鶥ɣ
ǣЩʧתį뿪˴˵أ
ɣԪкһֻۣϼһƿһ𣬷۱Ƿɳڣ

պ󣬴ǷΧڣ
һƬƽԭ֮ϣһƻֺľŲ㽨
˽ʮ֮ߣͨڣ״ÿһضһֻͭɫ΢紵һ졣
ܿһЩţŻϹһʽӵңӡϡ
мʮΧסǰжʮΪ͵ĶԪϾڣںڱȱȽǣԲΪҲżʣ
˿̾ۼˣϴβμӹң˷ԶһЩСɡ
һṦһԶģ֮£ͣһʮӰԪһˣ
ٺ٣ټˣڹɽʮԵȥ˷ںڹɽܺȻȺд
ףȻܳϣôǰ嶼ûнȥ˷ֻа˸ѣʮҲǽɣЦЦ
ߣҪ˵̫ˣƣܺһ漴һеĿ˿ʯǼװûܺ꣬Ŀܾɫ
ʯ֮ǰ˵ģǸǰ嶼ʮʮǰ˸
ʮʮֻ˵ٵһЩС壬ֻһѣȻһЩɢֻҪǴﵽԪϾԲҲԱܷѡоͲö֪ˡ
ʯһֱЩ֣ûпˣȻ֮ڣȴҲǹϽΧڣȴҲûмⲻ֪˭֣
ʱԪϿ˿ʯˣڵԬ˷ӣ
һۣеȣòͨӵ˵ͷǣϣ
ˣԬ֮У״Բ֮ģΪ˳ȣۺǿǽ֮󣬼綼ۼһǱԬ
ڹɽһǻȻֻа˸ȴҲԲ˷ҪС£ԵͬʱҪǵñ֤ŶԼСԪϿڵ
ǣͬ
Ҫмһ㣬˶֮ʱ㿪һЩ֮һּ䶼ᱻĨҵʹѰʶҲ̽鲻ʲô
仰˵汻նɱҲ޷𣬱Ͼ˶ҲҵҲѰ𣬱Ͼֵطһĵط
ԪصȻڵ˵İΣϴǰɣ༸Ҳ֣֮ɫ׷ŵӸ뼸䡣
ˣϢһɣǾͿԽȥˣ˵꣬˱˵档
ʯ˿ڹɽƺмĿԼֱʯ˳ˣ
ףȻʯԶһ֪ԼɨתһһŰ£ӣŷ㣡
ŷʯ΢Цĵ˵ͷʯҲ΢΢һЦ񣬽ʯ۲ϴֳɫһЩˣо˷ֵԱУ̫ʵǿĵӣԽϴ֮ˡ
ʱ仺ţټӰƺԱѵ룬ֹ˴յĹֻһͳ˴Ƭռ䣡
΢΢һǰһɫУһתһ֨ڵĴű򿪣Ȼǰ
˵ĿⲻһǵߴУԼôһĹѡһֹͣתмһɫĻһööطĲʱظֶ
ˣѾǣȥɣԪкһֻԬ˰˰֣ǴʯȾŹĻȥ
һɳȺģĹȣ¶ɽʮ֣ŷȸʮӰǰ壬Щ˽Ļ֮½ŷĻ
ڹɽϼ壬ţң԰˵ӰһģûйĻʧ
½½󱲵ӣ׷׳ɫĻһЩ峤ֻЩĵĳ죬еЩӣͱ磬ڹɽ

һƬŻĿռڣЩģ壬̲ݣռڳŴԭϢ
Ȼ䣬ɫһӰʱֶ
ʯӰһһɫĻǸоһѣΣ·Ӵһİĵطոջع񣬱ǷԬΰˣҲԼ߲Զ֡
ԭʯΪ˻ɢʯǣŷ壬Ĺȵ֮ˣҲ½ĳ˸ҿڲӣ
һ㣬ὫȫɢԽԽ࣬ȻǰǷЩƣǾжĺãѰҵڶڣ
Ԭع˺һһ٣ǼæԸһ䣬˽̤ɽĳɶݶȥ
ʯںˣмϻãȻû״Ȼûʲôע⣬ʯԬķӦȣ˿һ㣬пһЩ
ȻˣԬҲͷӬһ㣬ĴҴܣҲʲô¥ڣ·ڹɽ
˭û˵ʲô֮󣬱ǼѰ˳·
ʱ仺ţ·Ͻ壬ȺСӵܣҲмжɢޣΰʱĿ˿ʯһаЦݣ
ۣ֨֨
Ȼ䣬ʯڽ̽ͷСצͷɲĿܣʯıȻһָָĳ
⡭ʯüͷһ壬СȻԼȥʯ˿̿ǲ飬ʯ﾿ʲô֪ɨ˼ΣҲûзʲôͬ
м䣬ԬȻͣסΣüͷ΢Ŀ˿ĳһԥǴ˷˹ȥǸǽǰָλã


һʮ˻ 
һṦһ۵Ԭڵӣһģģиͣ۲˴˵С
ʯ˫ĿһУңһ߻谵ͨԼܿѵĽݣֻͨò̫
ƺͨ¥Ľݣڷ˫Ŀһ
ΰ˼Ƭ̣һͷǶ¥ĽˣҺøûˣӦǵһڵģ
һ΢Ц̫ˣΪ¥жѣȻأԬʦִ·ô׾ҵ˶¥ڣ
Ԭ°ͣоâ˸ݣпǶ¥ڣֻ״¥ƺ̫ܣϲ֮Ͽ»ʲô
ʲôô죿ɻ
ȻпڣǵȻǴȥˣʲôѽǣĲڣ˷ܲΣڶҽڷɲΪµеĶڣҲһź͹ϣ
ʦ֮Żû˸ٽȥⱻ˷֣ԬȳС
ڷΪµеٮٮߣûжԣһĳУ½½ķ˽ȥֻʣ˻ΰʯ˶һۣüͷһķ˽ȥ
ףڲˣ
ãǳȥˣ
ѵ壡
ʯûܾɲܴȴʧǰһƬѵʯ׾ǰ˸û·
ҲҪţ֮֮û·ֻһǰˣԬһȣʯϷȥǵ˵ͷԬӰ
ȻݲȴߵС´ʲô壬˽ӽһյĹҲûʲô쳣
ʯҲЩɻԲ²϶¥ɣ˼䣬ǰӰȫͣҷһ̾
ʯ֮ǰ͸һҲɵþ
ʯǰһԨף·һƬƺޣɢŨŨΣϢԶĵطһƽ̨һŻ
ʯ֣ڽ̨ƽ̨յĵطһĶľţԨϿգҪȥ棬УǾҪ߹ľţ
ʯЩȣ˳˶ŶŻȴûжʯǰĶľţǶŸԵĽ£Ҳ֪ڿʲô
ȻڴƳĬһڣ˲һ
Ԭʦ֣֮ǰнս޷Уǰֻҽһľţֻһ߹ȥˣȻľƺ޷̫ˣ궢Լ¡
ʲô£ڷɵ˲ԾҲɻѣΪֻԼµĶľţ˽жľţ
ֻ֣ܿԼһľţԬüͷһ壺ѵǣÿ˶ܿһͬĶľţԼµĶ˵ģ
ΰ˿Լ£ͷҲֻܿԼµĶľţ
֣ôǽУֻܿԼµĶľš¶֮ɫʯǶźںԨڣԼоɷ֮ƺЩΣУ֪ʲôΣգ
һ
Ȼ䣬ռһ󾢷磬԰ɫɢ٣˾ȵķ֣Ĺȣŷ壬ɽɵȸĵӣԡ
ÿʯ׸ԲͬмԶԨڵȻܿĹȵĵӣȴ޷ȥ
ȻĹȵҲ޷ڽµʯף
û뵽ҲˣԬ˿ԶĹȷ
Ĺȷһ΢ЦǵڸͬÿƺһֻĶľҪԼԼģϲͨڶ¥Ŀ飡
ŷ㿴˿ˣһЦλľƺɷ磬¼ǰһΣ˵˷缫аǣֻȹ̣֦׳֮ˣɶȹ
Ԭüͷһ壺Ŷŷѵ˼ǣһֿĲսǱ˵Խȣ֦Խïʢſиߵĳɾͣ
˵ͷǱˣǰҲоɷϢŷѼʶԨֻܸԼĶľţȹµɷˣ
֪ʧܻΣѵ¶ľţҪȺдһ
ܲʱӰȺԵһҲǾɲ˿Żֿ˿ԼµĶľţȻûŪ״ӦһЩСɢޡ
·ԨǻͲˣԬĳûнӵϽʲôԬ
Ȼ˶ǰŻȻͨڶ㣬ǻҲֻܴһ֪ģŷ緢˵
ȻˣһĹȺɫһ漴һ̤
ֵһĻˣθһ뿪̨ף·Ԩϵһ㣬¿տյ·ܹɶһ㡣
Ҳ꿴գʵֻԼܿüĶľϣ
ҲϳȻǵʲô飬ȴ˵һ㣬ǾԽȳ嵽һ㣬ôԽܱռȻ
Ԭ˵껰һʮһ׷׽ֻ̤ԼüĶľţŶȥ
ʯϣȻоһХֵ֮ǣһҲо·Լõģ羹ȻֱӴ֮ڣ
˵һ
ʯ΢΢һһϯ׳֦Ҷʼζϸ֦΢΢ҡΣ֦岢޴󰭣

һҽд
˾ĿȥԶһСһӵܣڶľ΢΢һΣ˫ֱסͷ­ɫһ׵˻һһģ·Ԩˤȥ
⣡ʯüͷһ壬ۿ׵ԨһȥȻû˴ϣ
ʯͣ½Ų˿ˣԬ꣬ŷ㣬һݵԼĶľϣƺ֮ǰһϮǵ֦磬ûӰ죡
ǵ֦Ҳܴ׳ӦҲȽϳȣǲ֪ǵ֦ж󣡡ʯȻ֣ΰһݣ
ʦ־
һĺңһһģǵ·Ԩƺһ½½Ӱ·ȥ
ѵǵ֦΢Ҳȹ̣ʯЩɻ󣬵˿룬ۼӰǰ棬ʯӿٶ׷ȥ
ʱʮӰǰǸɵٮٮߣԬһ˸ں棬µֻڷǿܽӽһЩ
ϵӵУҲֻ˺ڷɲ磬˽ں棬ʯһֻʯԼµĶľϣϵıӴһЩ
һ
һϢϢѹȶ˲ɫ䣬ֻкѹҵǰХ
ʯ˫Ŀһںâ˸֦紵ҡβѣҶĦɳɳ죬ʯһģֻһᣬͬһԨ·׹ȥ


һʮŻ Ⱥ
֦Ҷɳɳ죬һҡ֮£ȶ֦֮ͣޣֵɫ´࣡
һʯ˫ĿһסΣһֻŸպò˶ľűԵȻûʲôΣգʯҲЩ¡
Ҫǲһɸߵ֦¸סղҵ磬Ҳǰ˳˸
תһȺʯһ죬ֻһѣȻ֮һˣЩȻûеȥҲǶͷ亹ֱðһֻżգնյĶһ١
ٴһ磬֦ܲסˣ׹䵽Ԩ֮£ʯɫ̫Ȼٶȼ٣ȴǲΪӪȴ
ŷԬǰ棬֮ǰǳܵȻ࣬һɫأɫ΢ףҲǱСǰȥ
ԶԨţһ붼ûߵߵʮಽһֵͣҼǰС
Щ˴ùģ׼תأͷҪͷһ֮£Щʹȥ߹Ķľţ֪ʱʧ
ʲôﾹȻ޷ˣ
ֹˣϷոջͷһžȻԽӽңŽʧ
ǲˣͣʧǽ£վﲻҲ׹Ԩ
ô죿ֻܽˣǰܵңںҪùһЩ
ʯûע⵽ܵһ˿ϲ䷢־ϴ֦Ǵ׳̶ȣǼʵ̶ȣǰʵһЩ
ԭЩϸ֦ȻԼǿ֮ǰǰɫҲǸҶصƣʯһϲ
ԭȻΣգȻ֦ЧܵԽң֦ĺôԽ󣡡ʯ˵껰Ǽӿ˼ֽŲ
֮ʯȻһ⣬ǾֻͣҪСһЩԼûʲô̫вĿǰûʲôΣգ
Ȼˣǰ棬ȥӭǿҵ磬֦Żõõϴ񣡡ʯ˫ĿһʲôͷǻԵǰȡȻûзĵˡ
ʲãȺۣжɫ
ΰڼѵĵֿźХ磬Ȼ۽һԭʯȻͥŲһ㣬һɵĳԽԼ
ȻʯԽĿɲǻΰҲڼϵӣа˴ɣ壬Լϰɢޡ
һṦ򣬵ʯ׷ϸͷ֮ˣŷԬ˲ʱ򣬶ľ˲ŷִĻԾ̾
ʲô˭
СӺ磿
ôܡ
쿴ڵĵӣ
ʯڵʯϴҼ
һ𾪣ɻŵ˳ȴ˺ȴԼΣգǵĵһȻĻɫӰ
أأǵӰԽڶĽԽˣ
ʯǰˣǰΪҵ磬û𾪵Ŀ⣬˿ܣԼĪô
ںڷХʯ֦Խʵԭɶ㣬ھȻӽɣ֦ҶԽïʢ׳һΪҲۺ˲٣
ŷԬ˻ҧ׷һΣƬ̺˽ɫ԰ף¶һ֮УʯԶԶ˦󣬲ǲ׷ǣ׷ϣ
Σʱ̣ŬҲȥƴһСľͿܵԨ
СôģôܳԬǣѵȴԲҪȹ̣֦ȴԲҪïʢߴ󣿲ܣܣ
ΰɫоʯǱʵڿֲǲһɵԼ֮λȻܵв
Ԭ߹һ·̣Щ˻ûߵһʱʯȻọ̈̄Ȼǰҵ磬ʱҲЩġ
仹оյģһ̤˶ƽ̨
ʯʦܣȻҪŽụ˦̫ԶҪǣϵ¥˵ЩջõʲôôǶڵĽ
ʱԬȻʯһ䣬˶һ㶣ȻΪͬţͷ֮ܺ˻Ҳʵס
Ϊ˭Ըб˱Լϵ¥ԬȻ̹ûԼȨѹʯȴԼ
лԬʦ֣
ʯ̤ƽ̨֮ϣתԬ˱ȭһǰľ޴ŻһûŻ֮Уγʧǰ
սǵһʯȻڵһȺۣ
ãԬ̾Ϣһ¶һ˿ΣγʯȴԼֻʯܴӦ𣿼ȻˣԼֵ̹һЩ
Ҳ겻ѣͬʱҲԶ¥ӳ˺棬һ۵ĵӰڶ¥ᷢʲôֻõʲô

ʯ֪˵뷨һŻ֮ǰȻһ
һɸߵɽ崣ԶƣһƬεȻûоѪճ֣Ƭռޱȣ

һᴩɽϱɽײһΪͷһ޼ʣǰŰ֮һ˵ӯӯ滨ݣɢŨķ㣡
԰һƬƽ̹ĵ棬ʯ·ֽĸоߴһɸߴĹţɲʺ绷ƶɣư磬
ݵϻɢڰջӰߣֻ˼У
ֻɰСޣʯǰݵ׷Ϸʯĳֺ⣬ǰľһͣ˼ɾһ㣡
Ӧߴڵ磬棬ôͨ׽磬ֻǱͨ˶һЩѣ
ʯпһ䣬˫չ˫Ŀ΢գֺгգŴƬռеʿԼ·һ˿˿ҩ㣬˾
ǵʺ繰ţӦǾͨ¥ˣֻƬռ˰֪ͣʲôΣ뿼飡ʯϸ۲
ҪӶ԰Ĳʺ繰ţؾ֮·ƬݵأȻɹСӣ߹ʯ·ͿԵﹰˣȻİ취У
۲ãʯҲûзʲôΣգһƽͷŶһ֮£ƽǵС
ʯһոڷɽ֮ϣͨһƽǵƽ̨ϣƺʯǧ֮ǻƽ޷һ㣡
⡭ѵ޷УʯԣַɽȻܹʩչֻҪվɽ棬أ޷С
ɽ֮ʯ˴·ĳ־ȻҲ޷գ
ǿеĽսˣ޷Ͷȡɣֻ취ˣ
ʯоǰĲݵأԼӶ԰ʯ·Ӧò߹ҲֻСҪ취ܶɹȥ
ǰĺʯתѣŲƽ̨̤̲ݵأ
һ
Ȼ䣬ʯһоһɹɾҩԼһŨȵĿ˳˫ȫ漴ڹעȥ
ţǹɿ񱩵ڻΪһذףʯ飬ɰȣŰ׼֮£ʯֻͷһһĵĵʶ˵ƽ̨֮ϣ
ˢһ£
ںХ֮Ȼֹһ͸ذףʯ飬ɰ֮ʧҲָİʯüͷһ壬ɫص´Ƭݵأ


һʮ ۷
ʯƽ̨Եһǰֲ꣬Ȼ˫Ŀһ
ʲôȻǻ󣿡ʯһ껨һɨգ͵ĲݵأĿӣȴ޷һʵĻӰ
ʯӴֲ̲ӰʱһɹɾҩԼµȸ˳ֱϯڡ
Ϊ͸ذףʯɰȸ壬޼ɵŰζ֦Ҷɳɳ죬ⰵǻ
ȻԸ۵ڣŰ֦ͬʱľ֮ǰһṦԵֵյĿˣ
ʯ¶Ȼ֮ɫ˿ֻҪֿܵסŰ˵Ϊ٣Ȼ̫СƺҲ޷סĻۣ»ᱻű
˼Ƭ̣ʯƽһ飬׼֮£ƽ̨һ̤òݵ֮ϣ
˵һ
ҩ֮ȸ˳˫ϯȫ֮ڣΪ͸ذףʯɳ֮Ű磡
ʯ׼֮£֮һתǻγһ֣֦ϿգԵҲǳ˻֡
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ȻһεСĿֻǰиӣκ̫࣬ԴԴϵĻΪ֮뵽ڵ֮УʯֻΪ
ԥʯźȥɢһ͵ĹϼʯԶԶȥһɫŻ֣˵ӣ
ʯԽݵأоڵҲǸӿ⽣Ӱɳʯ죬ǳ𺣣ذ
ȿ񱩵ʯҲЩԳܣȻս޸ϵϾŰʯԼ硣
˿ʯĹ֧飬޷ֵ๥ƣһ֦Ļֹϼ΢صһѶһذɳʯϯ֦
ֻһɳɳ֦֮ҶⰵϳְɫӡۣеҶܲסǿ͵Ĺһÿݻޱȣ֮ڣ
ұȽϸ֦ǾϴüޱȣҲɰʯһЩû֮ǰϴ񣬿׳һЩ֦ܲסҵĹ
ʯɫ԰Ȼ֮ǰǰɣͷĺ£ؽҧȻڷļֵֿ
ȻȻʯһţЩɳʯذܺľ֮Ҳ˲ٵ֮ͬһ㣬һεҺ뵽֮ڣ
ʯоڵһֲֿٶȱţ滺ܵͬʱҲھһĪԵʹֲ࣬ͬŰʯģ

һХʯд˫Ŀͨ죬ɫ֮ҲоҪűһ㡣
ۼ˲ݵرԵֻʣĲңνߵľ룬ȴʯһޱȣ
ʱʯʯ̨֮ϣѾ½˼Ӱŷ㣬ԬʮˣȵĿʯ
ô£ԬѣشѵӳĻҲü
ĬƬ̣Ԭ΢Цٺ٣ҵΪͬţǼ仰ϵģʯʦܶȻڳʹ࣬û´¸ǵ
½ֳּӰԶԶȥʯѵڲݵǰУһʵʰĹ֣ɢһɿ񱩵
֣Ƭռ俴ͨͨƬݵأѵҪʲôʹࣿһͷص
ٺ٣Բ֪ˣ
ôȥģ֮ĶԹǳȥ㣡
͵ϮȻһмȴóȻǰУֿ˵֮ʱ͵Ϯ
ӰԽԽ࣬˽֮䣬ԬŷˣȻʯ̨һ̤˲ݵ֮ϣֻâһһ
һӰƺֲסһСĵײһӰ֮ϣصһǱһأ˲˫ĿһС
һݵأȻ޷ˣǲֻҲ޷˺ģ
ٺ٣˵عȻ
˵Ż½½²ݵأŷȻ߳һξ룬ɫ΢׵ĵֿʲô޷Ĺۿ
ʱʯڼѵ߳˲ݵرԵһģһƨ˵档
ʯɫ԰ޱȣȫˮʪȫȻ˵棬ڴڵĴŴ۾
߳ݵرԵǰһ̣Щűʯȴ˷ޱȣΪĻۣ֮ۼȻԪϾ۷塣
֦˫ϴ񣬽ͬƺһٽ㣬ֻҪһʵͿԽ׵ԪϾԲ֮
صһ

һҽһڲݵһͷ­˲䱬Ѷһ񱩵ͷ­ڿһ֮£˵ӰУನ󣬴˵ӰȻʧ
ʲô
ʯɫһ䣬̫Сܲסֿ񱩵ЩʯԤ֮У类űҲɱķɻ⵹ʯЩ⣬к
Ѿɻ˵֮ǰ׹ԨЩˣӦҲѾˡʯҡͷ̾ϢлԵҲΣ棡
أ
֮ǰǵֻһʼƺӦ漴ϣ½мӰűͷ­ըѶֲನϯ֮£˲䱻ûʧ
ݵϴˣһɫ䣬һӳû뵽ȴɥ˵ڶ㣬ݵضûȥ·ܳ˭Ҳұֵ֤ܼ
ϢһʱʯŸоһЩ˼ŵҩ漴Ϣ½ȥߣҲԬڵӡ
ʱȥʯһָ۷壬о棬Ϊ٣Ҫչͻƿĳ嶯
Ȼֻʯһ뷨ѣ
֮СӱԵʯСӱҲףοûóȻжһºˮһ̣ʯһ֣һɱ̹ǵĸо˳ָϯȫ
ʯոתԹֵţƤһǹɱ֮תһȦȻתһ֮Ű
ָоϤַ浤ĸоʯüͷһ˵
һ浤ʱȽĥʯЩˮ֮ҪֻӾȥǿҪ޾ʹ࣡
ʯһУǴˮȻֹ֮£ֻӾ׼
ٺ٣ҺѧԲǰģӾõھģˮף֪ˮԵˣιӣ
ʯ˵ŻһͨһһͷС֮ڣţʯԴں¶Σ·Ưһĸˮ棬ˮȻոûϥǣ
ϣʯŶͷаѣ⿴׵ĺôֻôǳԼһͷ˽ȥ


һʮһ ֮
ʯԴ˿̹˲϶ͷϵʹΪˮеı֮ϯȫһ㺮˪һ˵ĺɢ
ʯؽҧǿǣҲɪɪȴʩչԹֿΪ֪һ̵ȴԼʲô
һ
Ȼ䣬ʯһ˪ʧһɫϼȫȼ棬֮Ϯʯʹԣ
ȻЩԵֵ˻ӳܲסĥʯɫһźˮʯ·ȥ
ݵ˸צɫѱ£ûʱȥۿʯȻŷԬȻҲͷ󺹣۽ɨʯۡ
ˮں֮Ԭʯ׽ϼ֣ǲµһܲʱ֮һӰͷ­ըѶ
ʯû˼ˣѵˮһ룬˿̺ˮһЩҲֻңʯѻӾʽǰУٶȵǲ
ÿһα֮ϯὫʯϸΪһ̲ˮƤ͸µĽǿʢϸõһδε
֮ոȴһϼٴϯʯ͡
ԭǿϸֲסϴ⣬ÿһƤϸ֮ϯ
ٴһֱȽǿϸµģǿʢϸ֯
ϴʯ֮ԽǿȴǱøޱȣݹһֲ
üӲޱȣϸǿˮ֮ں˺ƺһӦĵֿÿһƤʮ㣬ʯڳһȵı

һХʯſһȻȽ棬鳩ޱȣƾˮ֮ϯȫʯҧأ򰶱ߣ
֮ǰѾǿںˮͣټãȻټһᣬϾˮʮĶ֮ЧԶ浤ǿࡣ
ٴĻԵҲҪܲУʯǿ֮ĩȫƾһ־氶ȥ
ൢƬ̣ɥȽ֮У壡ʯķţƴ֮£ε˰ߣ漴һ˺ˮ泯˵ϡ

ĳ˿ʯ˫Ŀһգȫ᲻ĴϢţ
һĻˣԭǹ壬ȻȻɢ͵âһ˵ɫ⣬Ƥâת
ʯùͣ·ֻڹͷŰʯȴû̫ķӦΪʵûƾڷĳֱ仯
һṦʯͻָâתϼָķɫҲûκ쳣
ʱʯҲǻָһЩоůģҲû˲ʸУʯȴǷЩ仯
ǾܵõȫµĸƣϾ˵壬ܹٷְٵȫƿأ˵Щ˻ûʶ⡣
һЩй٣ϸѪҺٶȣƤֻܱ޸ñƽ޷ԼĳƤˣʹмӾ磬ǴƤᱻı
ڣʯԼ壬һȫԼƿص壡
ֻҪʯһ뷨ĳƤͻëţԼѪҺ٣صĳЩϸѻ˿ڴϣ
ڶսнõױȵƣ˶ԺһȭʯȫԽȫȭͷϡ
ٰǿʵϸֱϣֱ۳͵Ƥϸӵȭͷϣ˺һȭ֮ǽǺεȵĿ£
ʯƣһ֮£ƼѪ䶯Ƥµѣֱ۸ϸܶȻĳһСĹİ
һ̣ƽֱָȴ΢΢һһ°͸°͹ϸ첲һңһ߰ĺֱۣͯҲǻСգۻָ
֮ȫ֮徹ЧȻ˵ȫƿвλʲô˿ڣ屾ܼһ뷨Ϳϻָˣʯ˵
ǰûиλȫƿأһ㣬оǺεٶ룬̷һŵҩ֮ʯĿ
ԬҲѵ߳˲ݵأһڵϴڴŴ滹ڲݵȻڲݵ֮ΪҪ˵һΣԬ˿˭Ҳҡ
ʱ仺ţʱȥݵ½½߳Ӱϧǣһļһһֻ̤˲ݵرԵֻŻûǱűǺεȿɱ
ԬϢϣһ֮󣬱źˮг˹ȥݵϻмӰڼ֣ԭ߰˰ˣ¥Ҳңڣֻʣ˲İˣ
ʯ˫ĿһһϢָ۷壬΢һˮݵˣҡҡͷΪǳʵңȻ˸޷ɱںˮݵϵҲżʡ
ʯڲݵϣںˮУͣζãΪľǶһЩô
ٿˣƴ뿪۶ԵҲƬ̣ˣȻ³
Ƭ̣ʯվΣ˿ɿƽ̨ϵĲʺţɨһǰʯ·֪һŶ鿴ΣҲûзʲôΣգ
ʯɲô򵥾ܹȥһȻн֮Сʯ·Ե̽Եһ
ˢһ£
ʯһֻ̤ʯ·ϵʱ򣬵ʯȻŤΣüޱȣɢɫĹϼ

ʯоһ֮ʹ˳Žŵװ崫ȫɫĹϼ˳ϣʹںһת
аĿ飡
ʯæؽţһƨ˵棬Žŵװ壬ʲô
ָоʯϤǵǰڹ԰һͷ͹һƬʯ·ϣʯú棬֮²֪Īĺô
ŵװŸѨλѪܣһ࣬ӿȪѨ̤ڲƽĶʯ·ϣ𵽰Ħãνвβ޲
ʯҲԹˣΪʵܲĵʹУͺñһЩ˶ˮأ˾ͺܵһ
ܶʽ˵˶˺ܼģǹ߶ʯ·µʹ಻ԣ
ǰֿ飬ңɱȵϹ԰ʯ·ֲٱʯڣҪǰڹ԰ͷһֶǸöã˺ܴƣ
ڵϺܶණõڶһƣֻϧˣѧҲȫʲôᣬֻӲͷƤҧˣ
ͷһںˮпӰеǱһֻһ̱Ǳһ֮Ϊҽ
еȻڿûʲôΣգʯĲ²⣬ºεӶ԰ԬŷҲɫźӶ԰ȥ
Ƭ̣ʯվΣɫĿ˿ǰʯ·ɫ΢һ̤ʯ·ϣ


һʮ ƣ
ʯ·ϣʯо˫Ŵ֮ʹʹʯɢɫϼںһ
ʯɫ԰ףؽҧͷ϶ĺ£˫ü΢һ֮ɫ
ף
ʯȻ֣ʹȻȫȴǽЩ̫Э֮ںЭһĻʯϲ⡣
ֹڴˣɫĹϼʹУϯ֮ڣ֮ɫĹϼҫ֦֮ϣ̫һɢ͵Ĺϼ
ԭζ֦֮ǿЭǴ˿ʯ֣֦ҲǽƽЭ
ǹϼƺħĵʹУڰջԽԽ࣬ԽԽ֦ԽЭϣһ
ǣʯֹϼҫ֦֮Ա첻٣һ߶֦תٶȸǿϲ١
ҼڲʯԼϼҫ֮£֦п֦֮ҶɢƯա
ԽԽ࣬γ˼ƯİƣΪҺ£֦֮ϣ֦ǼҺ֦ϻ䵽ڣΪ֮ǰӾ֮
ϼҫ֦ϣ·ֲڵõգʵĿ֮ٴλΪƯջΪƣγɴҺ£ѭ֦ɳ뾫ȡ
Ҫ֪ΪЧƽʱֻдʱŻ֣û뵽֦ȻѭתΪ֮
ʯɻѣǲҲΪֹϼǺΪ棿ڣʯоԪϾԲƿڡ
ƺֻһ㴰ֽͱˣ̤˴Բ֮Ҫ۸ĹϼǾҪܸʹ࣬ʯ·϶һЩʱ䣡
ʯɫһ¶һ˿֮ɫֱߣ˻ߣһ·ȻӣһסõĺôҲǲԶȻܵʹҲǶԵȵģ
ҪĻԵҪܶʹ࣡ʯһҧһļǰУˣںˮƴһӰɥ֮£

⣬ƺʲô
ٺ٣ŷѿˣǼȫţŷ㶨Ȼǰ;ϳŷһߣ΢΢һЦ˵һ䡣
ǫˣµڷɣϵԬǶǳ͵ʯǱ־ޣԺҲǰ;ġ
ǻΰϼ嵥ഫֻʣ˻ΰһܹǴ仹ѡڣǲز۽õУȻڵģŷۺ롣
ΰǲ⣬ҲŬѡڣҲʵҵ⣡ЦЦ
ߣЦʱڹɽܺһչ¶Цݡ
ܵѺ⣿ûѡڹɽܲˣȻԵõ˵
ܺһ죺ΰڹɽûʲôʱȲڣǿɱȱȽǣϲΪǴһڰɣ
⻰Ϸɲ˵ΰѡڣ֤ҲǱ΢Ц
Ǳ֪ΰΪβڣСڣƫƫеڣΪýڣҲһƵӡ
СڣչԲѡڣʸǱһҪΪʦΪΰѡڣ
Ҳ룬ڣĸŻ»ΰΪͽҲڶѣȻһЩСŵҲԸջΰΪͽֻǻΰû϶ѣܺ¶֮ɫ
üͷһ壬γȴһߣ֮ΰڣʱǴۣҲڵõô࣬㲻Ҳû취Ϊʵ
ܺ˫ĿһУҪǼ޷ǿȣ»ΰ类ץߣնɱˡ
ΪǴ˳㿴ڣ˭ҲΪѻΰΪΰӣʱڼƽϡ
һǼ¾ϣٺ٣ΰ˴УҲһȥңҲΪУٺ٣
ԪȻ۽һܺԲ٣ԼҲû뵽£Ϊ˻ΰ˳ǴʱһЩǵӣΰûüֵǿΰͲǼ򵥵ıôˡ
ٺ٣ô˵ΰڻţûһ˭ϵʲô仯ǸʱЩڵɣѾˣԪɫһ˵

ڶ㣡
Զľ룬ʯֻǸߵľ룬ˣҲһ԰ףȫˮʪΪǱ
ʯȴһ˿˷ܣ
֮ǰֻǸоԪϾԲƿѣڣǹϼ壬Լڵĸı䣬ʯȴǸоƿȻʹɶ
Ȼֻߵľ룬ʯ߹·̶Ϊ·ǻֱߣѾ߳ʯ·֪Ҫȱ˶߳Զ·̣ܶٵʹࡣ
Ҳʯǿᣬȹ̣˵ļҪǻˣͼֲסˡ
ʯʯ·ߵʱܾãܵʹֱ󣬵Ȼ˵۵ĹϼҲǸӳҫͨޱȣγһõɫʺ磡
˵ʺһͣʯǾ΢΢һ֦֮ӿѸ֮һ󷭹Χ֦γһУ
֪ΪΣʯȻһתƽΪ
ãȻʱҪͻƿ
ʯȻףҪͻƿ״ԲĽ࣬ʵ֮ǰһֱѹΪڵʯ·Ͻףһû취ͣϢһСľͻɥ
ɫĹϼԽԽ࣬õĲʺ罥ʵγ˰ԲΣ˻ƺҪӳԲһ
Хһ
ʺϼһʢҫ֦â˸֮ٴֶұϴλҪң·ѹƺբĺˮӿ޷ֵ

ʯһȣѹƲסΪһΪ˲䱩һ죬ڴ˳·ĳֺ嫱һ㣡
ԪϾԲƿһƶʯʲô鵤һֲֿٶȲ
˿̣ʯֻ߳ʯ·һľ룬˫Ŀͨ죬ɫŤһʬǰߣһҪڵ֦֮֮Эں
ȹΪͬʱʯŹǦ˫ȣųص壬޷κ£û˼ʲôֻһıܣ
ʱԬŷˣһγ˺ˮؿƣϢЩЩӰƴ
ʲôʯ·ֲȻֲס
ʱŷ˫ĿһУ䲢֪ʯ߳ǰԶľ룬ֻǸղһɨʯһģˤʯ·Ե˲۽һ
˿̵ʯͷԻ죬һ£ɫ԰Ѫſʯ·ϣ˫ְǰʯ飬һ˿ʯ·Ӹһƽ̨棬˫Ŀһڣ֪˹ȥ


һʮ 仯
Ҳ֪˶ãһ紵ʺǰƽ̨ϣԹȥʯһ飬˫ۣ
Ŀȥ䷢ԬŷˣѾ߳˹ʯ·һɫ԰ףɫʹޱȡ
мӰƺ޷ʯʹɪɪ˫ĿͨĵڵϣһᣬǱһ滯Ϊҽ
ֱ˿̣ˮлмӰŰ׷ϲʯ·ϵЩˣ˿̵ĻΰȻҲ̤ʯ·ϣ˦ˣ
ʯԵɨһۺ󣬱ǳתһʺžǰ䲻˿и˲ѣ
ףô£
ʯ˫ĿһȻа֮ޣۺޱȣֻҪʯһǾ죬ӿȡ
ԭҵ֦ѳΪʮ֮޵Ĳȥι̣֦Ҷïʢɴ׳ǱңҲȻᶯҡ
һľҵ磬ʯܴԣƾ񱩣ҲԲ֦ʲôӰ죡
ȻѾ׻ԲĽ࣬ʯȵĲЩ
֦֮ϣһԲβʺգȻʵЩãȴɢ͵ɫϼҫڡ
ɫʺĹϼ֦֮ɢٶȶӲ٣һʯԼҲڻš
ٶȣһͨ˽׵㲻ԼòһµʱɣʯӰڰգǵʺ羪̾ѡ
Բۺ֮ӵһԵЩ΢ˣʯҡҡͷ漴Щɻ
֪ʺô£γɵģʯ˫ĿһУǵԼʯ·ãŻ۳ɫĹϼ
ʯʯ·е·̣Զֱͨ߾룬ڹϼԽԽ࣬γһõĲʺ磬Խʵ
ȻڵĲʺЩãȻͬһС̫ڰգյѭת
ʺ磬Ϊʯ·ߵ·̳ʱòγɵģǱֱǰУ۳ʺ磬¾߳ʯ·
ˣȻ㲻Ժѯһ±˵֮ƣȹһΪ˵
׵˴Բ֮һľϲҲ˼ֱıǮʯ΢΢һЦ漴˫ȭ
оˮ֮֮ǿھʯ·Эںϣ֮綼õһƽȣ׵˴Բ֮ڽһ㡣
ʯٹһСӣȻ׵İȻȫԵֵǱ֮æ̷˼ȹΪĵҩʯ˫ĿһյĴ
ʱ仺ţ㣬ˮһӰ̤ϰߣϢ˰̤֮ʯ·ʼ׷ǰһӰ
˿̣ʼ߰˰ˣٶˣɼ֮
ڹɽһʤİ꣬廯һ棬ʯ·ԭͰֵ꣬һƤڵȥ
ʱҧֵ飬ȻԼǰҵһĻ۽һʤյ𣬿˻ѣΪҽ
Է֮ʣһѳֲסȻҲĵĵʯ·棬ڵһȼ棬䲻ɫ䣬һȵ
ҲֻǱڹɽʤһٷѣҲǱΪҽʧٲҷ˵³
ЩҴ˲ݵˮˣȴɥʯ·ϣʹлܣһĵĵȥ漴һ滯Ϊҽ
ЩӰȻҧ֣ŤɫɪɪΣµӣҲԼֵ󣬶߲ʯ·³ֻһ
ȥʱ䣬ʯ˫ĿһâһɢԪϾԲӴϢʯŶͷһ㣡
һĻˣֻͷ­â˸漴ȫһϢȻȫоʯϵȥͬͨһ
Ƭ̺һϢﵽԪϾڣŻͣȥһʱһģһ
ʱʯһ¶һ˿޵Ц⣬΢еĿ˿Զˣʯʱ̫ãԬŷˣʯ·ԵֻʣĲң
Ȼ̶̵ľ룬ûдյʱ䣬ҲԳóʯ·֮ҪϢһҵʱ䣬ж㡣
ۿԼľԽԽʯٵ飬ǻԵΣһȥˣٻǻһЩƵģ
뵽ʯɨһٳͷһת֮ʺǰӰûУʧƽ̨֮ϡ

⣬ڹɽڣƺڰϾ
Ͽ˿ܺ꣬΢Цٺ٣Ϸ򲻵òϣڹɽõǰټеӽڹɽչѸͣڽȷ硣
ԪϾǻԶڣʮʱ䲻ܲμᣬڱÿμӣҪǲ⣬ÿζõǰ塣
εõ˻ʳĺôǿϲʯпǰʱڵõĺô󣬺ٺ٣
ڹɽⳤüͷһ壺ȴʮֺηڹɽԭСҲûöõʱ䣬¿ʼ
ܺǰ˰֣ҪԼ־磬ǻӿʯӣңǿŻӡ
ʫҲֻлϲһ;кκôʯٺ٣ڶѣ˵Ѿˣ
ϸҪ˵Ȼ䣬ſһϼ˸Ͽոֳһ˫֣һӰֶ˶һڵ飡
ЩãȻĴһܣָ֮Уܶ˶Ƚ죬ǲμĵӣ֪ΪεĶ档
ڹɽʤһʤһȻĴڹɽֻǶĿԣһǷϡ
·֮ǰʯ·һĻǵĸɸɾԼô뿪Ķǵá
鿴ڻкܶûг֣ǰ̾Ϣһ
Ǳǰ̭ˣֻԼǵʲôҡͷصλãɫҲЩȻ
üͷһ壬ڵԪϾڵĵӶûг㾹Ȼ̭ˣʲô
ϵҲ˫Ŀһ飡
ʦ𣬵ȫȻֻ֪ǵһ𣬽ѰڣһһͨĿ飬֮ǲǵʲôˣ㶼ûȥ̾Ϣ
γϲϵ̾Ϣһ漴ᣡ
ЦЦٺ٣ôᣬʱѾʾ˫֣֤Ѿڶ㣬ֵʱڹɽʤҪǿϲ٣¥ûȥǱ̭˳
лʦο˵ͷԼ磬֦Լ֮õ˲ٵĺôҲǰ˷ܲѡ
ֵʱԽã¥ԽߣõĺôͻԽ࣬˳ķأʵңֻǲ˶ˣж˴̾Ϣ
ʯ˿棬ᾪȵķ֣֮ǰУһľ׹Ԩűɥڲݵء
ںˮеļߣһȫȻ񶼺úõػص˸ȺȻû
֮ǰʤʯ·ϱ滯ΪҽҲûֻǣ˽Ƿʲô
ϣҲ֪ڵΪΪڻ뿪˶еˣ
ܺһаЦٺ٣ʯŴôΣ˷ԪϾڣɵպѳаţٺ٣˼ϣܺâһ


һʮĻ ʯͼ
һ߻谵Ĵڣǧ֮ޣտյĪѹָУһŨŨϢ
Ȼ䣬ĹϼһʯӰֶԺһѣι󣬼æ˫ĿСĴܣûзʲôΣգ
֣տյĴȻʲôûУŻûУҪȥĲڣʯЩ
һ䷢ִ˵زûнսƣһ𣬻طɵһǽڸ䲻˫Ŀһ¶ɻ֮ɫ
ǽϲһ鷽ʯ壬Ÿַ޵ͼȴܹɵÿһͼңһŵĲǽϡ
ÿһͼܶзָߣƺǽ϶һС飬ʯһɨֺŴʮͼ¹ʮţٸͼҡ
ʯգǽϽǵһͼһֱҲʮͼ漴ֹۿ˵ڶţʱţһʱʯҲûпͼ
ʯȴЩɻȻֻϰٷͼƵޣצҴûظġ
Ŀ󡢶ߡǡԵֻͼϵޣʯЩϤģ
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ʯ֣ԵͼϵޣûĴЩͼеո£շȥģеԾ⣬ȻǴŵЩˣ˻ҳ
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е꣬ȴڱӲԴе࣬ԳԳȴͷڶϣ޴ķ°СӴС
ףĵʱʯһ£һͻʯ壬һ֮ޣۣͼϲ١
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ǵϣûЩ˵ͼеޣЩʯ޷֤ˡ
ᣬʯ漸ͼһʱʯŽͼ꣬ŷֵȷûظġ
תĿʯһǽڣҲ̻ޣзʽͼǽһģһ
ʯֿ˿ǽڣﶥ棬ȻЩͼͼһģһֻۿһǽھͿˣĶظġ
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ѵʯ֮ŻʯȻһ˵뵽漴һƽնĴʯ֮ϣ
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ʯЩ棬ֿ˿ʯ屳󣺡ɱöȡ֮ڣһͨ·ʤߵŻҲ
½˼ʯֳǰǰ֣עⲻͬĻȫһģһ
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ȻҲûʲôµˣȡ֮νĻܣԭǵֿǵ
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˼Ƭ̣ȻһһɫëСβ۾ɵĹԲǸͼ죡
Լ䣬Ƿͼ޵˫ۣȻһ˿⣬ţС黯һâݺݵ˹ȥ

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صһ
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ͬһʱ䣬ʯоԼƺӵĳּĿҪ̵أһУԼ
ģģޣʯֻܸоȫƿصʯоϲ֮ʣһŽѶ
ţצڰкХ֮󣬷׷ŭʯ޿һ֮£ǳʯһ˶


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Х༸ֻҲֶâһһ׺Ϣʯһ˶ȥ
״ʯ˫ĿһɫɽһתǵͷϿգһŤβһ֮£صһǽɫɽķѣ
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һϤİĽʯĶУ֮󲻽Ȼη
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ʯЩɻĿ˿ܣ˵ط·뿪һ㣬ֱһģһԭɽ滨ݡͣ
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֮ǰĲСʯҸطϢһȻưʯǲ
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ʯһͷľڣܽǹľӲݣʯȫȻˣڵ档
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ˣ֮ǰ뵽ҵ磿㾿ģʯ˫Ŀһ֮ǰڣɫǿֲһĻ


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ʯʻСͷɻ֮ɫȻ˼£һͷһҡͷԼҲ㲻ף
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ԭˣʯ붮õ˵ͷؼǽԼҲŪף
Щ嶯ˣӦѡһԽӽЩͼʮͼȻǵĻԵΣҲģһ˸޷ֵǵĹ
ҪнҪʧˣֱڵ㣬˵Щȡˣ˼Ƭ̣ʯ̷˼ŵҩǱĿ

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Ԭ˿ǽһʯ壬ץסԵҪһקȻֺ֡
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ŷһЩ˷ܣҪ֪һνʹĲˣǿ֮٣Լһ
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֪ŻҪĴѰһˣŷ˵껰һԶȥ

պһɽ£
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Ȼ˫ĿһУ΢ĿԶһɫݹԶҲ΢΢һ㶣漴˫Ŀ΢
ڻΰٺ٣һЦ
ΰüͷһ壺ѣһᣡԱϣΰһֱֻ¶һ˿䱸֮ɫ
ΰѻûͬţЩΣգһУ˿ΰֱֻۡ
ͳѷģ»ҪȥѰҵڣʵ£Ͳﵢʱˣǣΰ˹֡
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Ŷü漴˵ͷ㣡
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˵ǻΰƺʲôѪ֮һǾһôûˣ˶ϣ
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·ϣΰɫԽǰĿ飬оʯǱʵڿֲȻȺȾӵһ
ȻֻԪϾڣսһ㣬Ҫ䷢չȥΰ֮λ²Ҳ˽
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ʱɽһӰ̤ɽһۣݰ׾㣬ۣ˫ĿϴЦݣɢԪϾڵϢ
㣿ΰ˫Ŀһһ漴¶Цݣ


һʮ˻ С
꿴ŻΰϴЦݣڵȻǻΰʦ֣ɣ
ʯٺ٣ĺɣΰЦû뵽ôҵʯǲۣ
֪ʦֵںδǷΰʦһĲ㣿ʯɫȻһ䡣
ΰ˫ĿһУôʦֵڸ𣿺ٺ٣Ҫʧˣʦֻźĸ㣬ֻңԱϣ¶Ϸ֮ɫ
ô˵ΰʦרҵģʯЦݻ
СӲǰϷǶ˵뷨֪ҪҶ֣ԼԼĵǲСΰ¶м
ʯΣ¶һ˿ЦʦҲǺ棬ϴʦָҵĶ֣˷Ȼ
ߣ׳գΰ¶񣺡ϴҪΪݺ㣬ױˣΪԼı£ܶùң
ԭˣȻ˶˵棬֮жԹҲһ˶ˣʯ䵽棬ƽͷϿա
ΰɫһٳ֮ǰϿǸ˻ΰٺô׼һЩ֣ĿľǴ˷һɵʯ
ٺ٣ǴԲ֮ҲӳҵģοڣΰҲǻ䵽棬һɫա
ʯЩɻ󣬲֪ΰΪ˵ʮ㣬ȻڳԣսԲ֮ʯǰԼСġ
ʦܾһ£
ʯһкϼһ¶ȼڵһƽųâ漴Ŵӻΰһնȥ
ţʯ˫һӣʮɫâһ֮Żΰϯȥ
ߣΪмƷ鱦
ΰһߣû뵽ʯķ콣˵زΪ˶ԸʯҲΰ׼˼Ʒ鱦
â˸һɫ˪¶ȼ½ˣŻΰһȣɫһն
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˸һָϸɫ׻漴ǰɫâȥ
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״ʯ˫Ŀһֻϧ콣ֻڶ㣬ǵֵܵ˫ַǰĴָԣ漴ʳָڶͷǰһơ
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һɫɽ۶һת֮£ǵʯǰһɫ׻ϣһžž֮
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ߣΰһߣȻһߣɫһʢһı׶۶ɣ΢΢һ֮£ʯ
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ףΰ˫ĿһԼȫ߶﹥ʯֵƺѵԼۺ񣿻ΰЩɻ
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ΰҵĿ˼ֳҪվ˫ȣָֻ᲻
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ߣ鷳ʯٰ̣ȴ䱾ʯɫһ
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һ֮ǰԼȫִ߶ΰ֪ԼĶ֣ŪһӺ֮ززʯɿˣж㣬Ҳ̫㣬ʯҲͲ»ΰˣʲôˡ
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ɶãҲ׷ֱΰ˸֪ӦΧҲоʯλã䲻һĳ˿¶һ˿ı֮ɫ


һʮŻ Ѫ
ʯȥԺҪǲ취㣬һΰĲΪˣ
ΰɫŤŤķɶһᣬӦȫӦʯλãӳ˸֪Χ
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ΰоȫʹ̣ڲзϵ˫һֱۣѱľѣȻԼȫ޸ǣǿɢʹָƵġ
Ī˵޸նһۣҲֻǺķһЩˣ
Ҫң»ΰʦûˣ
һЩϤ˻ΰĶУΰ·ٻɫ䣬дŵı顣
ʯӰǱ̤ԶƾշɶݶٶޱȣԪϾеٶȣȻ̱ܷС
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ΰԼĻһԴһţһʺţ֮ʵڷ˼
ΰǲӣǿʯֲٶȣʵڸоûϣӵ
ʯһڻΰգЦĿŻΰı飬˫ĿһһıӣΪûм
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ʯһߣȷԪϾȷ޷ӲӴ˱ϾӲӣʯһΰϳӣԼһù
ڻΰʼʯһֱСģռӳ֣ʯǼæƵֵ
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ؼ֮ʣʯֶΡ飡
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ˣ֣ҲǱನⰵЩ֧飬һನɢ
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ʯոӳ֮ʣӴһɨȻֻΰӰЩģǿܸӦһϢѡ
ʯæ˿޵λ÷ɶݶȥҲʯ˴Բ֮ǰĺΪ֪ͬΰһ㣬͸֪ôԶľ룬Ҳ޷ֻΰλá
ʯĻΰߣ鼱֮£Ҳ˲ʲôףʩչ˻ƶݷϲȱϢ׷˻ΰ
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һ
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ΰȭؿһģ۵һһŰɫѪ絽գΰǹѪɫƺǿʯӣЦֹ
ʯȻ֪ΰʲôǸоЩԣæ߶ɫɽ콣âնΰ׼սپ
һ
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ףѪ֮ʯ΢΢һ㶣һĻϤԼھʩչȻѪʽɫͬƺͨЩơ
ɫѪƺâһܹХڷ磬ܵɳʯһŨŨĺɫգٶޱȵӶȥ

ɫɽһӴɫ̼䱻ʴڴ룬һŨʧɫâϬţ纣㣬˿ܶδֵ߽⡣
ֲأֻҪӴɫģǻΪһ̲ˮʯ˫ĿһУϯæųһƵֵ
һ
ƸһӴɫðỤ̃Ϊһ̲ˮ߽⣬ʯ۽һҿûô֮ܣɫ赲Ѹ͵ʯһֶȥ
ɶ񣬾Ȼа˷նɱˣʯ˵Ż»һź󷽿˶ȥ
ۣ֨֨
ʱСһڿڶ漴嵽֮ڣһɫ֡
ɫһӴɫ֣Ƿ֮һʧƾǹϯȴ˺ֺ
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һͳİ֮Ƭպ·ʧȥ˸Դ֧ţ̼ʧ¶ա
Сһվڵ棬Զɫ֮ϣΰοѪɫ·ȫѪҺ˸ɶ
ΰԾĿʧѪƣĿⶨ˽ϣѵһڿˮδʯһۡ
ôôܣѪƶɣ㾿ʲôҲţҲģҲ
ΰ˺ѷεĺţ׼ɱʯԼջѪ֮󣬻ָܻģֻڡƺԼеѩϼ˪ˣ
ʱһƿ֮Զΰ¶ϲڵ㲻ɱңܡ
ߣʯҪɱˣϵ£ûܾȵ㣡ʯɲ˭նɱΰĻᣬȻܷŹ
ƽһģ۵һ˻ΰţΰ޵ֿ֮ĵɴ˫ۣϴţ·Լڵһƽȼһ棬˲˻ΰΣһҽд


һٰʮ Һ
ʯϳ֣ƽ̼佫ΰݵ廯Ϊҽһһ󾢷紵ɫ֮ϷɻҴɢ¶һâ΢΢һ
Ԫָʯһ˿鿴æƷ漴̤ɽ׼Ͻ뿪˵ء
һԶʯ΢΢һЦ
£
ʯüͷһ壬ԷһԪϾڣƺһɢޣԼΪ֮£ԷʲôӦÿԼΪ
ٺ٣Ϸ֮ǰڸһܵأвƽػ涨ȻʲôܣֻϧϷԼһ֮޷򿪣պѣһǰȥ
΢΢һЦ̤ɽأʯһľ룡
ʯһ֮£΢Ц˷ң
ԣ΢΢һ㶣漴ɻĵ⻰⣿кκôҵƽֺþǣĪǵʲô
üͷһĿʯΪɢ޵ǰʱӵ鵹ǺֻҪԸʲôģЩ뷨Ҳ˵
֪ʯ뷨ΪˣʯδӴʲôɢޣûİӵ飬ԲŻ˵˻˵˶ԼǷģʯǰ߾ͺܲġ
ȻԼʵʯмֵģ΢ЦʧˣƽֺôûʲôҪʲôΣգʯĳɲὫӹϵڵһλġ
ʯĻת˼˵һΣգ϶ȥܱ˵İΣϾԼʦֵܣһлԼΪ
Ȼó˫Ŀһ²⵽ʲôڵĸɵĵӰɣٺ٣ѷģҵȱϾͬţΣպȻԼչԼ
ʯһԼȻ˲Сķͷÿ˶ʶԼģЩ˱ԶԶ˦˺棬֪ʯˡ
ЩûʲôϵȻˣȥǴ˵ʯҲٶԣԼһЩԴ빦ľ̫١
Ǻã³񣬲֪γƺʵ
ʱӶѣ˽̫࣬ɣʯһ֣һ£漴ҡͷһЦʯĳȥ
·ϲ̲˼䣬ɶ˴֮ãȻûͣ˼Ҳ֪ˣ˶Զĵط
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˵ľ쳣ߴСҲˮ״ϸֵǣһֲ̲ҲûУֻƬ׳Ĺ֡
֮һСʯɽһںĶڶǰʯܸоڴĽƲֵΣϢ
ȷܹƿƣʯ۲ãһ䡣
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⵹ǣ԰ɣʯ˵Żһӣһɫâɫڼ
۵һ
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ʯüͷһ壬Լʩչط壬ǼƷ鱦ҲƿƣҪ˺ʩչǿЩƵơ
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˲ٶԣԴ߶ﻯһϼصһ֮󣬺˺ɫĻ֮ϣһŴĿѶ
ɫһΣͬˮ㵴һƣâһǻָţһ˹
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ɫ޸Ǻâһһâƴ֮£ɫϵƺʱܱƿ
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ƽˣǿԽȥ˵ʲôƣ߶ʯļƷ鱦ȻЩɵʯĹΪм
˵Żһȵĳ˶ڣʯһԥĸȥɽ·û˳ֹһ㣬沼ĳ
ѣߴ󣬶ʯͷƽһǰһʯڣԵıͷһСӡ
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ʯ󣬲ɵӣһʯһҵСӣװ˵ɫҺ塣
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֪ǲΪɫҺԵʣʯһʯңǸоһһƣжԭʮ޹ϼ֦ƺЩָһЩ
ҺǴ˵еҺܵʯϸĹۿָЩڿг˳
Ƭ̺ϴ˷֮ɫЩһаЦݣתУɫָ
ǺǣҺƽ֣֪ʯѿƽ͵˵һͰ
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λѣҵ˵ƽ֮£ȡҺɣɲҪȡˣЦܺ˵
Ȼлʯ˹֣תʯȡһֻƿ׼ȡҺ
Զ߿ʯıӰЦʧȻ¶֮ɫһֻƻ̽ץһŽӲӵķ


һٰʮһ 
ʯվԶƿȡҺ
߿ʯıӰһʯע֮ʱнӲӵķȻգ漴һСɫӰ
Хһ
ɫ⽣ڰ΢΢һһ±նʯϣصһ죬һžҵĽڶʯҿռ䱬Ŀâ
߹һЦҪǲʶϷƽֺôȴ㱩¶δ棬ʶǳ㡣
Ϸƽľˣһʵһ㣬۸߹ĿˣŷḻԴ⹦ҵɢ޶߳ҲܵõʲôùԴ
ٺ٣ȻˣЩҺҿɾͲˣ
ʱһϤϼɢ¶ʯĳ
һɫֲ֪ʱֻǹϼЩʯڹڣŲæȡҺǵȻʯģ
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ֻ֪ˣȻпǻʦֵܣֻûˣͬǡʦһ㣡Ԭ˵ͷ
պ·һߣԬ˵飬ɹ˶Է飬·
ʯһƬɽȸԶԶؿһűšȡ֣ɢһɰϢʯжʮӰ
ԬѣǿˣǾۼˣӦƿˣ벻˵ܴĲ㣬ΣȻô˳Ĳ㣡
ѣֲˣӦýȥٴһˣԬ˵껰ʯ΢΢һЦ


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弸мӰڴˣеֻһˣң壬еԱһЩڣȻ֮ࡣ
һЩɢޣ½½ԶˣʮӰ
ʯվȺУңԶ޴ʯ϶ɣĴֵϣɽȱһɫϼš
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֣ڵĲʺ羿ʲôϴƷʮ˲Сã֪ܽһЩ͸ȻûӸҲǲСƣʯޱ飬а׽
⼸ʱ½һЩԶ˵һЩߣԽԽ࣬ʯ˿ڹɽҲ˶ѡ
ȣ֪кܣڣôһҪ취ȥʯ˫Ŀһ뵽
֣ǳˣ˵˻ΰʦܣôô˳ȥѰ֣ҲûԬüͷһ塣
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Ԭ࿴һۣ˿Щ˱ϾɣȻҪЭģΪ顣
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ѣȻŷѿˣһͬаɣӦԿǴˣ΢΢һЦ
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Хһһں磬ʯ֮ϯӰҽжδü˲䱻Ϊһ̲ˮʯ˲ɫһ䡣


һٰʮ 
ǼӰ˲仯Ϊһ̲ˮ˲Σ˶ϯĺڷ硣
Ƭ̺󣬺ڷɢʯŴһ˭ҲóȻʯţСĶʯţһڷ֡
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СһЩʯ˵ʲôƣüͷ΢˵һɫ
ǺǣԹΣԵ棬ȻȽʯţȽȥƣŷ˵껰ǳʯڡ
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ܹ㣬ܽʯʣкܳĿռ䣬ʳΣʯһ˼ǲ³˸š
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Ƭѩ۽һԹת֮£ǿֵס˸Ҫļ漴һշ
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ס֣˺ҳʦ֣ڹɽȻƲҲ⵽ڹɽ޾׷ɱʱԶһӰڹɽһԪϾԲĵӣ


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ʯһԲ֣漴Ϊһֻǻа͸ԼĽ顣
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ʯؽҧľվΣ˫ĿĶԶĻ֮ţΡΡһСʱɫһף


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һȣʯ˫ȭգվΣоܿռһ޴ѹڴһԸԹ֮
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ѵ֮ǰҼǻ󣿻˵ҵļѾңۼǰģʯɻҪǿ׳Լû渴
˰죬ʯȥ֮˲ڴ˵أǾǻΰߡԼ
ѵ֮ǰڲƵˣǸûʧܱ̭Ϊɱ֮ˣʯȻԶȻҲδվȺС
ʯûʲô°ɣڵ㶼õʲôϹ⽫ɤߣڹɽһ˻̵۾ʯ
ʯڣЦЦȻ˵㣬ǵ飬ͱһͱĨȥ䣬淢ˡ
ʯһȻʶ⣬ǵϵ˵뿪֮󣬼䶼ᱻĨ࣬ǲסʲôõ£ԼΪûָо
ǿ󺺶û˿⣬ѵҲ淢飿Ϊζǵʯأȴû˵
ʯЩĬȴȻһЦϷ˴£ʯȻ㣬ǵ飬ϧˣʵڿϧ
ҡͷԵһϧ֮ɫ˭óϲɫ֮ǰʯĻҫ֪ʯǵ顣
ߣʲôҫģܺɫȻϲӦءأСıͨ˸ûնɱı£
ǱնɱڽƣǶʵãΪα˾ܻųٺ٣Ҳڹɽ򣬷·˵˭óڳڹɽ
ڹɽɫһڽƺͱնɱǲͬڽƿ˵ɲСģ߽̫ǿ˵նɱǱǳڹɽʵ̫͡
ߣ˷Ĳ㣬Ȼǰʮϵǳʲô⣬ʯ˵ʲôʺˣҵ˵㣬ԣҲпڽ֮¡ܺ꿪ѵ
۷׷ףĽĿڷ򣬴˷ʯνһҫ۵飬ʵ벻ôһĬĬȻΪ˴˷صһˡ
ʲôʱܴﵽ̶ֳȣ
ǵϴҲܳɫ˧
һЩеӷ׷ĽŮеһأеСǣ޲ȥʯ̸˵أҹ
ʯһ仰˵ҲСƴˣѾɢһε
Ȼϲ˾ǿĶ֣ϴʫ⾳֮ߣ⾳ǳ˿ɱȣǲزۣǿԽύһŷ˫ĿһУ˼˵
λ˷رգλ뿪ʱһ˵
ߣ㵱˭Ըڴ˵زɣߣܺɫѿһ˦ۣڹɽ뿪˵ء
ϲˣ˷ɵʵڳɫһνͽ˵㡣
ֻһ˵һν㣬׳ָտɴ
ϲˣڹȻ̳õӣµӿյĻԽԽ࣬ȿֺŵҲ٣ϾҪ׳ˣ
׷׳Ϲ֮΢΢һЦԪϹ˹֣һ֮󣬱Ƿ׷뿪Ԫ΢Ц漴ʩչۣԶȥ
ϣλϽ봬֮УһɵڼװʱʱʯͶȥĽݵ
ʯһֱܵǿ׳ͻȻʲôʯɲұ֤᲻ָ䣬ϾԼʹûǹ
ʯʦܣ˷ʵڳɫȻ¶ڣصһ˵ĳƺţϲɺأԬʯǰ΢Ц
ԬʦֿˣҶѣʯ
ʯʦ̫ǫ飬أȻʦȫǵӦǼʶʦѹȺ۵ķɣ붼ѪȣԬһЦ˵
ֻϧʦҲǵˣ֪λʦֿɼǵõʯ˿ڽʣµӣ˵һ䡣
ֻǵýһ㣬Ѱͨڡ
ƺһУȻ˸Ԭʦֽȥ
֮Ͳǵˡ
ԬҲҡҡͷ̾ϢҵܼһЩƺվһԨԵƺеţ֮ЩģˣҲԨʲô˼֪ʯʦܼǵ
࣬ʯ˽˵΢ЦʦҲֻǵǽУʲôԨţһӡûˣ
ϧˣ֮£ȻǵһɶԬҡͷ̾ϢһҲʼʾΡ
ʯɻ˿Ѿ϶˱Ĩ䣬ʵŪԼô£ǰ˼һԼ˲֮ͬʯ뵽һЩɵ㡣
ѵΪҲǱƺɱģûнƺɱḶ́Լȫر
ʯЩɻҲ֪ΪԼų֮ǿ˳Լһ˫Եʣֻߵ˵㱾¼䣬֮¡
ǵõų֮˳֮ʱڻ΢΢һƺʹУȴûнԼϣʯҡҡͷоʵ벻ףԷ²¡
Ƭ̣ʯɻ󣬾ڵ㱻ų֮ʱһɫ˿͸ڣ屬Ѷɲǣ漴ʱԵĸо巢һ˿΢ı仯
Ȼ֮ûǿʯ˵оֳ泩У·ÿһϸԾ
ֻʯĿǰûŪףԼ嵽׷ʲô仯
ʯһˣΪʦл㣡ʯ˼֮ʣڴϵʯǻվΣ봬ա
Ԫϣϣγϣһľܣʯ֮󣬱ǹվһԡ
ʯΪȻѹӣɹΪصһˣ֪ģɻǵ飿ûˣҪ˵ʵγɫһʵ
ԣʯһϴһ˿䣺ӵǼǵһЩԬʦֵѰڡ
һУ֮ͼǲˣƺһԨֻӡģʵڼǲˣ
ʵôܳԽˣɻ
ӡʵʯˡŹ֣֡
˷صһˣʳȻʲôЩӦĺ񣬻صźҲһЩģ΢Ц
лʦΪ⣬ǵӵҲǵӸģʯɫһ˵
һֱûпڵԪϻ˫ĿʯһᣬȻ˫Ŀһ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫϻֳɻ֮⡣
λʦܣȳȥһ£鵥ѯһԪоһʯһѵϷʲô


һپʮ 
ʯһпɻ˳뿪գԪ΢΢һЦɫƽʵ
ԣʯһѵϷԼ䣿ѹסǣʯϺޱ顣
شϣӼǲ飬Ҳҽ㣬Ӧû˳ʯɫһ˵
ŶϷЩ棬ԴԲ֮أԽأԴԲ֮νصģѵʵȴԲ֮ҪǿԪɫȻ
ʯһѵϿԼΪʯɫһϣʵѾ׵˴Բ֮
ԪüһŶ˼ǣ׵ĴԲ֮һ׵ģ
ΪˣԼν׵ģԴ뿪֮Ѿ飬ӽ֮ǰȷǺΪ
ʯٵĻشϾײʲôܣҲʲôʯҲ˵Լ׵顣
˿λϾȻûпԼ׵飬ԼĲȱϢȷסڡ
ǵãѵ׶ˣԱϣԪоâ˸ʯ·Ҫ俴͸һ㡣
ʯֻúһﵽ˴Բ֮ȻֱĸоһĪѹٵʯϡ
ϣӵǲˣʯˣΪԼڶ̫̫࣬࣬ǣҲ̫ˣԲ˵ʵ
Ԫʯ˫Ŀһû˵ʯͷֳһϸܵĺ飬Ŀӣþûпڡ
Ŷԭˣ˷ˣΪⲻ٣ʱһЩӦĽԪ΢΢һЦ˵
һ
ʯֻѹһɣæϢ˼ڣһлϣӽάϣ
Ǻǣˣȳȥɣڽ׵飬Ҳ˵ȥȻɣʦʦ岮ɣԪЦЦһƽ֮ɫ
ʯӦһת뿪գԪϿʯ뿪ıӰĬã㾫âһ¶ɻ֮ɫ
ΪĪѧģϷ̽»޷ִΪ
ٺ٣ڴ˵ʵ˵Ϊ˿ʯԣǷļ䣬ǲҪˡ
ĻȻɲ޷֮ģҶ෬ֳɫЩ˵Сܵǻ£һƿˮ͸ʵʺλãԪ˫Ŀһе˵
ʯϵ뷨װϣ֪ͨһˣһλãϥ֮˼ʯĿҲͲ˼ʲô
һ·ʯû˵ڤ룬ʵ˼Ŵ˷ջԼо
ȻҲ֪飬֮ʱҲĨ˼䣬ǰƽȵĶԵ
ֻҪֵʱԽãԽ࣬õĶڵĻԵôԽҲΪ޷ɱƺɱˣƾĨ䴫˳ȥ
Ҳ˶еĻԵƽȣӦǸݸ˵ѡãӵ㿪ʼѾֹɱʱŻ
Ĳ㼸ûʲôԵһֿ飬ʵ߲ܵϵ㣬ĻԵӦò٣ֻܿѰңʵȡá
ʯЩˣ˷֦֮õ˼ظƣһΪνǼľϲջ
ǵʺ磬ʮǣȻĿǰʲô;ʯо߽Բ򵥡
Ʒ޻֮ʱɫʺ緢Ĺϼ˳ɱ磬Ȼ˷СƺҲõ˲СջֻǾôʯ˽⡣
ϧ˶ӣ֮ǰ֮ڵջ޷鿴ʯȻЩҲֻóһĳ嶯
պʯǳ׵ƽ飬һΪϢҲָ۷壬˫Ŀһ֮£âһ
ڿ쵽ˣٺ٣֪ΪΣʯЩһصźҲ̵һջЩڴ
պ󣬾ۿҪӽ֮ʱһɫ䣬ڴһ漴վڼװ֮ϣԶȥ
ãԪɫһֻ䵥żװһ壬΢΢һ𣬱Ŀϼһޱȵٶȳ˳ȥ
ôˣ
֪ô˻ţ
һɲʯҲЩɻӴĸ֪ͷŶƬ̺ʯɫһԼ䣬оڷɱڣϣƺһСĴսݡ


һپʮһ Χ
ڱ˹ˣʯЩأ֪˭ôĵӣȻ˴֮һڡ
⵽ΧԺǷȥںɱһֲһҪС£Ԫɫص˵
ʲô⵽Χ
ô£˭ô󵨣
ҹڣߣ
λʦܲҪ⣬ȻԷҶ֣ȻбԬ˿ʦֵܣɫص˵
ͷԶȥȴûзʲôϾ̫ԶһԪϾ֪޷Ӧ̫Զľ롣
ٷɶƬ̺Ԫһȣ׼УۣСһЩɱڡ
һ䣬ӸԼ̤ϣԪһӣ۹ϼһ۵һʧ
ϣϣγɫأǰȥԬһɵӣ󣬵ȫɶݣҲرں档
һṦĵӰԽԽСԶģģԼ䣬ʯܹڵ
һ㵭ɫ֣ڣǰӰգеĽ̤ɽȱеǽ̤ƾն
ʮϼںȥصײ˽ɫ֮ϣһ𣬴Ŀϼֲϡ
ڻɽڣһӰζѣееǸֵֿ֮ع
Ԫϵ˳嵽Ⱥ󣬻֣ȺĵӰǽóֹ
һ𣬹ϼϵӰܿĶսһ𣬵зȺЩңܿƽ
ԬżӣԶ̤ＤϱסƵһԣ׼ɱͨһֲ
һ
ʮӰתԬ˰Χ漴ҹȻֻͨԪϾڣڶ࣬Ԭæ
ףȻǣʯֵܹɫصĴŶԷԷķƺڹɽ֮ˡ
ʯȻЩ⣬û뵽ڹɽԪϾнˣЩյڣȻжʮˡ
Ҫ֪ԪϾ㳲Ҳﲻ񲻹һʮ˶ѣȻ٣ҲֻжʮλңڹɽһΡ
ѣǻƺһΪԱ͵Ϯڹɽ룡Ԫ϶棬һӰͣס
ߣϹֲô˷֮ûԴӣȻ͵Ϯڣҵ˭ôĵӣȻڹɽ󱲣ԪϺüĿ
ߴºŰƣڹɽϣû֮г֣ȻȻ׼Ԫ뿪ڣ㳲ڹɽȫڡ
󱲣Цڹɽʵֻ󱲣ڣ󱲻磿ϹЦ
޳ܣϷ뿪ţڿ֮ʣڹɽͻȻ͵Ϯ֮٣
ֻЩڣӦûûдﵽݵĵز֪ڹɽʲô磬Ȼ㳲Ԫһ˿ɻ
ʵڹɽȷѹڣԿڵȷʤ㡣
˵ڹɽҪƾɽţ׶˵ڣȴЩˡ
Ҫ֪Կ빥˵ţǿʣʱ˺ͣռơ
Żɽ빥󷨸ʵ㣬ڹɽҲԹڣһȻûʲôʤ㡣
ȻԪϷزʱһֱ棬ڹɽȫڴûֵ£ڻЩΣյġ
޳ܣߣɱȲڣΪ˴ѹڹɽǾȻԸǰĻᣬһɫʯװᵹڹɽ˵ⲻǵȦףϹ
Ϸ˵ǣ֮˻𣿡Ԫü
ϹһЦϻ˵ɻԹгһʵŹڹɽȻˣһϳ̣⵽Ժ
ԪͫһϹȻԴǿ̱Ϭȴʵһ㹻ʵȻŹڹɽ
ǷǶԴеֻǳܿܣ
Ͳϵǰ֧Ԯһڴ˵أΪлӵûȥԪһ
ϣ㻹ǱˣϵԮߣŹӴûκüֵ
ĸǰǰҪΪΰڣͱɨٴˣеȫڡ
ʮԪϹ˵Ͳڼȣٺ٣ɫа˵꣬һӣԪ𹥻


һپʮ Χ
ϹʮϣԪΧס˸ʩչԪϵʩչַȻ·硣
ʯҲֽ磬κ̫٣һṦ򣬷ŤΣƺϾҪƵһ㡣
Ȼ䣬Զ߹ϼһӰԶΪ׵һߣڹɽܺꡣ
ɨһսǴ˼ΧԪϵսţԪϵ˸Σա
һ
ǰϼһһХڷϯһЩڹɽοˣЩԪϾӶ׷ױڷ磬˴ڵء
ţڳϵԾеֳ죬еļϼƮɣܡ
ۣ
һӰ޽׹Ӱϼ裬ɢڹɽҽ
ԪʦĪסɫһʮϣ֮׼ӦԪϵˡ
صһ
ϼһԪϵʩչķֱѶһģεɶԪ˼æסϡ
ʦܣû°ɣϿڵ
£ټһ£ʦѾӦˣλʦСģ˵ŻԶȥ
ףٺ٣ӼȻȽܺȻԶʯ˫Ŀһ¶һ˿Ц
¡¡
ǰܵʮɫƺڼ֮ڹɽ˿˲ѡ
ɱһѪ·ۿžҪӽԪˣڹɽΧԪϵ˵ϣȫһϵˡ
صһ
϶ܿһȭӰϣڰյŵŵŵĵ˺üɫ΢΢һס
Ȼ䣬һӰ֮ڱХԶԶٻ£˫Ŀһ׼㿪ҪӱֹҲֻܾ㿪ˣ޷ˡ
صһ졣
ʱԪһ˦һ⼤˲佫ǵӰ飬ϵΣ
ʦСģԪϻ䣬ֻϹʩչһɫͻԪһ˶
漴һֻԱһ˶Ԫɫһ˫붯һǰһɫɽ۶һת֮£ŰɫͻһҶȥ
ţԪϵһͷһֻɫޣСʻХԱһ˶ȥ
һԱ˲仯ΪޣΧռ¶ȼţʻâһΧγϵӰһȥ
ֻǻһ֮£Ӱɫ䣬κ˲ѣγϵþȡ
صһ
ɫͻɫɽ廯һսֲܿȥ˿峡ֻХһ
һֻڷľ޴򼣬ڹϼ֮һХԪϣͻȻ֮£ԪҪٻʻֵȻ֮
˫ĿһǰһˮСֶӭ籩»ΪСţǺɫӰȻһײϡ
ˮһԪɶֻԶ֮ʱԪϱסΡ
ɣոյþȵγһȣսʲô£ôϷǣȴֹϣֱ޳ܣ
ʮ꺢̸ͯƽ֪һЦźɫ򼣬Ԫһ˶ȥ
λʦܣϻϣʦа취ȥԪһ˵ŻһٻʻӰֿ˺ɫ򼡣
һһϼڰתХ֮һһâɫϯ֮˼æˣӸ޷˵Ķս
γ˻һۣ֮˱ԪϱˣæһڷϹȥ
һ棬ʯԬ˵ֵܹȻһ죬нɢиɫ԰ףȻδֹڹɽӣȫ߶н磬ҲĲС
죬ˣǻϹȥԬһƺϣкһ֮󣬱ǷϷȥ
ʯ˫Ŀһ붼ʩչʮöշڵÿһöԼǵ߰˵ɫ֡
ˣҲû˭ʯëϾʱʯ뵽ԼѾǺܲˣ罫ʮֵԼϣЧã
ʯûܸмĿ⣬ܷӵ˵֮£ֻг嵽һЩļʡ
ϾﻹаԪϾӣִ߶ǰƣ˵в㣬Աġ
Ȼ䣬һХһģȭӰԶһɶɢϢڵӡ
ֻǱȭӰԹεֱͬһѶ·ɽббɳӰɫһףһѪͨһڵء
ģȭӰصҵʯϣأ֮عѶʯɫһףͻȻɽµȥ
ţһź۵Ķݹɶݶ̧һָһâбն׹еʯ
Ҫ֪ԪϾ֮һɽǽǼΣյ飬Ȳ˵׹жصƣ׹;У޷˵Ĺ˽·ɽڵ
Сӣο㻹Ϊζ𣡡ڹɽ̤ܺ꣬Զƺʯ³
һ̣ܺ겻˫ĿһΪۼűâеʯһĻˣֻʯ˫֮ºâһһ
ವһ
ʯ˲һģ̤֮ڷȥâڽ¼ն棬һСӡ
״ܺ¶ɲ֮ɫǰҲ΢΢һͣţŭһ˿Ҳ˼ʯΪܲ÷ɽУ׼Ѹٳֽɱ
һܺɫһʯȥ
Ϲͽʱγ¶Ȼŭԭ׼ϻϣȴȻԼĵӣǵȭӰ˵档
ͼ令̵γϣܼԼӱ˻ˣһĳܺǰ漴ܺȥ
ʯҴҵĵӣγϾȻ״˵һ֣ܳʯϣֻʱʯʵڲóȻأΪԼѳԪϾΧϻϡ
ʯپʦ֣ϹʱԶγһԸܺ꣬ͬʱӳһȭӰʯ˳ء
⡭ʯɫһҪǲȥˣ¾Щ̫ˣһ˼»âһʯμģ֮£ǳˤȥԡ
һֻһӰʯ»΢΢һתϷȥ帺أҲ٣ʱǰԪϾԲڹɽӣȻʯǰ


һپʮ һЦ֮
Ӱʯɫһ߶ƽǵʮ֮ޣϼһɢۺ
أ
˻ƽ֮ϣƽֻ΢΢һ𣬻кߣȻûбɡ
ʲô
⣬һ֮ۺ
סɫһ䣬׼ʯζԶԶʯʯºâһ㿪֮󣬱ǳϷȥ
ܺ걻γ϶סۿʯƤߣϱף֮£Щֻˡ
ߣ֮ܺɫһһѪɫӰƿϣ˲ʯ
һʯӴʱͷŶƺоΣգһԲֶ漴Ϊһɫ֡
ţһɫСһӭ籩»ΪСʯֻһߣɫƱзɶ
ˢһ£ƸոƵǵâ׼ƹƣһ鱦ƣƺܹлһ㣬һģĳ࣬ȵסǵâ
꣡
һ죬ɫС֮ĳâ΢΢һһѼϸСֶԼ俴һöӨϸ봩͸
öƺڶֻ΢΢һͣ͸ʯ۽һһӲޱȵܣ鱦Ȼ׵رԼϻ˵ã
ۣ
̼䣬ʮɫֻʯǽϷȥö봩ƣƺⰵһЩ
ڽշ֮ϣȻԵϬޱȣ˲ʮ֣ɫһɫ֮ʱȻûд͸
ˣɫһϸСİֶȻûд͸֣ǼڵʯʯȻһߣֵİλָһЩ
»һתʯΣڳ嵽ڵӶ֮УһɫӰʯӣһ漴֮ɫ
һӣһϯ̼佫ⰵĺɫԶ漴Զȥʦ
ʯ¶м֮ɫٿ˿ߵķ룬һ֣ҪǻаĽ˱˷㲻ҲҪش
һɫСƽͷһɵӿʯ̤ɵգһ¶֮ɫֻȻѯʵʱ
ʯʦܣȴ˵ͻȥȻٳһԿУһϵӿڵ˿ԬҲѳ˻Ȼ;
ʯӦһҪ˵ӷأȴûϵ֮һɫڵ
һ
һɫ֣˲佫ڣһЩСͽƹ֣һС
ãԭڹɽֻǳ
ϵˣ
ôΧγӪȡ
һɫ䣬ڹɽԿڹɽĶ֣ҪصڣƺҲûôˡ
ʱ˻ܺ꣬ϵۣԪҲɫ԰ףǴѪԶ˻
ϣˣǱΧˣô죿ɫص˵
ˮڣһǣԪϿڵ
ʦܣҲŽѣ㡭¶ɫ
ɣűչǰзԸɽű٣ڻĵزһܴ˼ұչأԪϷԵ
Ȼʦ˼ʦǣɽǰ󷨣ٳֻ֣ҪЭȻԻڹɽһߺȣԼߵ˵ͷ漴׷׳֡
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ʯֱ˰׷ߣһЦ˿ֲ⾿ʲôΪѵ֮ϣиߵĴڣ


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һܣ󲿷˻ǵһμţǺɣֻҪʩչֶΣڹɽһҲҪ
̫ˣǲþȣڹɽһ޻ˣ
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ޣѻ죬Ͳ˵õģһ֣㿴ڹɽĸǶ֣
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ǻ۷׷ףͷӶоʤ⣬Ҳû˿η֮ɫ
Ǻǣԭڹɽѣ׷ƯڽɫУϴźгЦݡ
ߵЦ˺Ͱƺǰ˰ڲˣҲᶯŭ
һ仰˵֮һεѹɽǰ漴ɽȥ
Хһ
ͬХͻȻγɣ֮ǽƹ֣һڹɽӳϣ׷ɫһ׵ıԡ
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ƣţڹɽϰ˫ĿһУȻЩ⣬ǹݵ˵
ףСһڹɽˣǵõֲŵİ׷ߣλƴϡ
ֻһСһеģЩЦãΪƿȰ׷߻Ҫϡ
ǰǵ˷ǰֻǰŵģƻڵ˻̫ϣ˸еһͷˮ
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ȿȣʵڱǸźױʣҷԸؽУԣҲܽźԪϡ
֮ǰű˵ΪӢȻᵣмӺŵʵ˵껰Ʋ۽һƺӲͷƤ˵ġ
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˻˼ԣǲûеȻẦһϣڸɫ׷а
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⻯֮ҪŪǲǴöԷʯЩ֪ԼʱҲʵ
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߻ӹƤź漴ЦЦźѽӣ֪źԶ廹ʲô飿
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ĬƬ̣׷ۺ룬ҡͷڷţʵϷѾԶϼһｻˣԱϣ˲˫Ŀһɣ׷·֮ɫ


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ҪǣӴ˴ʮڲڣһЩԪˣԵ֣زԪϾ
ЩţҲһЩŻУڹųЦһڹǰʮڡ
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һپʮ ջ
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˫ĿһУۺ룬Ĭã΢΢˵ͷ
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ңȻȻΰ߳Щʯǿ˿λεʮңҪ֪껨аԼģҲʮѡ
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ʯ˫Ŀ΢У˷֮У˶ĸı䣬õһЩ黨֮⣬мʯ⣬һĲõҺ˵ԽЩô
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ֳʯʯһֶ룬쾭λεĴ֣ӳʯԺ֮С
쾭ʥƪƺһֹ
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ʯŵһݣоһѣΣЩɬѶƺʲôֻһֽܣʯҡͷ鿴ء
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ϸϸĽһͨ͸ء쾭öʯʯ˫ĿһգԺв̡

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ʯûЩΪ֮ԴָԼӵҺ֦ҲԾ޸ת
ʯ˫Ŀ΢Уϴһ˿ɻ֮ɫ׿Űգ˿ɫʺȻߴʮǹΧΧ
ʮǸʱȴǶһŸ財ҫ۵ǣȥԱʮǴһȦҸ
磬֦ɫʺ磬ֳǣ֪ڻʲôı仯ʯǿ³ֵǣ¶˼֮ɫڴ˿ǵʯȻޱȣ


һپʮ˻ Ե׼
ʯ쾭֮ʱɫźȻѪâһʯ֮УԽԽߣԽԽС
ͬʮһ㣬Χɫʺ總ΪһСǣ
ΪһֹѣǹŻữһƯʯЩɻе˼ͬʱҲЩ˷
˷˹νǾһЩݽߣ֦Ǽήһϡ
˷Щ嶯ˣԺʲôɲܹΪҲҪΣԣʯЩҵ˵
Ƭ̣ʯȡŵҩУɫصóһ֧ƿ򿪺һŨɢҺ
ͷ˵޸֦ȹ磬ҪָҲֻܷһЩˣҺҺ㲻٣ʱƿ֮ʱҲ㹻ˡ
˵껰ʯһҺæƿ˫Ŀһգڤ
ʱ仺ţʯͬɮһһлָ˰
իոմ󷵻أԼķ΢ЦóֻɫС죬¶΢Ц
˼Ƭ̣佫СóֽһЩŹֵķɫأһϢҲǴﵽԪϾ۷壬ʱܳƿ

ڹɽĳڣ
ӰУһߣһ꣬һϢƽȣȴǺѿϢ
ȻɢһεѹԴϢ
ڹɽšԶ壡
꣬Ǵңķһ˵˵ЦЦƺ̸
ѣ֪㾿ʲôƻɫȻ˵
ԣһصѷģ˷ΨһЩʧľǣϹȻҲ׵˷Ԫڡ
ȻˣҲ޷ıʲôٺ٣֮£Ϸٰ˳ɰգڡ
Ŷѵţڲʲô֣һü
֣Ҫ֪Ź֮ķϷѷ˳ȥС֪£ʳҲ˽⡣
صϸ룬û˻ΰڣʱǴھûκƣһ˭佻ãߺԶЦЦ
ٺ٣ѣɱСڣ۸ң磬۾ԶڹɽҲڵġ
µӣ඼ЩСͼ壬ʱǶȥҲ룬ǵǿһ
˵Կǻ磬ǿйɽţûʲôʤģʦȥǻͷıȳߣǿɾЩˡ
ȻĳںЩںǣһߣڽЩ귢չã鷳ңɾˡ
ʮڱضԽԽãڹɽᣬҲ͵˻ĴԴʱ˳Ȼĳ˵һоâһ
ԶЦЦٺ٣صڵԼɣڹɽİΣ
Ѵ˻⣿ǿѣ룬ĳһЩ֮ɫ
ҺΪյԴҲҪ˵̫ߣǲϷˣΪĳҲѣڶĺôɲܱȵġԶȻûԷ⡣
ȻһڵԴһһ΢Цٺ٣Īĳֻ˵Цˣ˵ҲֻΪ˰ȫ롣
Զ˰֣صѲؽʲôϷȻ֪˵ЦϷֺγ˵Цģ
صѷıãϷȻҿºڣȻаնսΪϷԸֶ飿˷ʧȥʮᣬϷҲҵȴ̫õġ
ԣ˷ϷưţѲصģֻʱδЩϷ򲻱֪صѼ¡
ŶȻ˵ĳͲʲôˣٺ٣ϣǺ죡һоâһϻЦ⡣
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飬ôˣԶɫȻʵ
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ãȥɣԶ˵껰Ƴ뿪ңԶ˫ĿһС
ٺ٣ڣúõϷʢɣԱϣԶ¶һ˿аЦ⡣

ڣի
ʯǰһɫɽ壬ڰյתѣǾطأڱʯɹ
ٺ٣ֹȽϰȫʧܣȴûʲôΣգ쾭ǰ㣬һʼ޷ͣʯ΢΢һЦ
һӣɫɽһ漴ɢʯĿϢһ뿪ֱķ䡣
㣬ѧϰ֮ʯ˫ĿһһϢﵽ۷壬ûнףѾû˵ҩ
ڶһַʱÿ԰ﰢƺ󷨣ǰһ㷢˵
ʯæǰƣ۵㣬ϢϢһ£ҪΪ̫ˡ
УҲҪӰԼϾʵıǮϵҩҲʣ޼Ӧ㹻ƿˡ
˵Żʯһֻƿ߽ӹƿϴһ˿ҸЦݡ
Ϊ£㲻۵ģЦЦҲҪ̫ƴˣҲҪʵϢˣǰǵ׹⣬ϢѹɢիӰ첻СģӦʲôµġ
ʲôի֮ⶼӦˣʯЩȻ֮ɫ
Ҫѯʲôˣ㻹λشɣһЦ֪ʯ˵ʵ
Ǻǣðɣȥҩ԰һˣŴս֮ǰһЩ뵤ҩԱʱ֮裡ʯǿҪ£εĽ˵¶׼չͻƿ
һṦʯǽʱ䣬ʯ¶֮ɫ˳ֱȥ
·ϣʯֲľԱĸоƺһֽա
Ŀǰʺҩ԰ʲôҩԺл˵ɣʯ˵Żֱҩ԰һЩҩĲժ
֮£ʯֱӹһЩҩһ䵤һ֮£ʯӦء
һһɫ죬ɢŷҷҩֵ棬˷ϵĵҩ˲٣ټõһЩҩʯ׼һЩҩ
ȻЩǰƣȴûвϵĵҩ࣬ʯҲԸԳʵһʧҲûʲôϾҩ١
֮ǰƺҪŴսʱ䣬ҲֻʣѣЩ׳֣Ӧİ֡
˿Ӧ׼ֵܳģʱ䣬Ҫú׼һ²У⣡ʯɫص˵꣬˵ҩ


һپʮŻ ԪӢ
պʯ뿪
·ϣʯһЩͬţԼЩ죬ʯû⣬ȴЩɻ
ʯʦܣˣʦȥԪ󣡡ʱȻԶ
ʦ֣лʯһк˼䣬ֱԪ
ڣֻԪϣˡ
ʯ棬ϣʦʯɫ˵һ䣬ȴЩ⣬û뵽Ҳڴ˵ء
ٺ٣ʯ˷´󹦣ΪԾ㣬ҸһЩͣллţϿڵ
ԣʯ˫Ŀһæڵл棡Աϣʯ¶֮ɫ
ؿõõģɫȻ˵ԭʯ죬֪ΪԽӼҿʯ۹Щ
Ԫ΢΢һЦŽ߼ͽ׽һöƷ鱦Լ¸һӢһö
ԣʯһ˿ϲ߼ǵͽףһԪϾԲҲԵֵ
Ҫ֪ߵм׽ҲǿֲޱȣһԪϾԲмܣ߼֮Ǳȵӣ
ȻƷ鱦ʯȱ̫߼ı¸ԼҲòϣһöӢʯЩɻ󣬲֪ʲôô
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Լ֮ʱҲûеõô֪žôģѵǵĽһʧݣ
ƺǿʯɻ󣬴ԪЦЦض룬ſЩǱԾ
˽һЩӢһָ൤ҩȻԪϾΪûʲôôǷ֮󣬶Ժͻƿ֮ʱȴһЩɹʡ
νǼһֵҩһϣֻϷõȽ͡ԱϣԪϴĿ˿ʯ
ʲôܸʯ˫Ŀһû뵽ȻܹõʹͣѾ״Բ֮һʯҪľֵҩܲģ
ʯԽоЩΣŶԼôã
һ߾ȫάڣ
ʯ¶֣֮ɫʾԼģĶԼãʯҲȫάŰΣȻ𵽾ãΪǿԵġ
濴˿ʯȻüһڵӦо綾ɣ
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ʯһȣ˵ͷʯֻƺĳֱ仯λΣƤȻ
ѪҺ٣һṦʯĸоƺѪҺֹͣҲֹͣԼͬһ㣬ľȥ֮ڣȴʧȥƿȨ
৵һ
ʯоһȫƺܵصļѹɫһףȻſһѪɢһɶϢ
̼䣬ʯһɣڳޱ˲ָֻɫԲ԰ףоЩƣ
ⶾˣʯ˵ؿŵѪЩ
лԳΪⶾϲɫһ
ʯõȷæڵл֣Ϊӽ綾˺ǣȫı֮
滺ҡͷȲл̫磬˶ͣʱ̫ǿбƳԲûȫѪںϡ
⡭ʯɫһʧ֮ɫȻ
ǺǣصģԭӦʣҵʮҵԪԲŻᷢ
ЩʱգԪչһЩϣϷΪһŵҩɳ׸ϵĶ˶ѽ⣡浭Ȼ
ʯ˫ĿһΪԼ
лţӵɽ𺣣Ȼų־֮ʯи˵ĵԼĶܽǾͲرа϶ҪЮˡ

ʯĳ˿һĲǼܲ˵ģ
ɽ𺣵ǲأֻ贫һɣ׼ݣô΢΢һЦ
ţ޶ۣ֪˴ţʯЩɻѵǰЩ̵棬ΪԼţԼʲôʱôô
Ԫ˫ĿһУǺǣʯֻҪǿӴűãݴžΣӣǿӳעԴţ
ǿӴţʯһ˼˴ţ
Ԫȡһöɫ漴ʯѾ׼ã֮ӡڴöԪڣ漴鼴ɡ
ԪʯеɫЩĴۣ漴һԪϽķӡɫ֮ڣ漴顣
۵һ죡
ɫȻɢȴûһмǻΪһöö֣۵һûգĳ
棡ʯһֿԪȻܸմϢ˴Ժ˽Ƿ㲻٣ԺлᶨҪŪϼ顣
ǺǣԪɲŪģΪ֮ˣϷһЩ飬شϷ⣬㼸飡ƺʯ˼Ȼһ䡣
ʯһ֪Ҫѯʲô̧ͷһ棬ʱоһεѹʯȫ֡
ʯֱ棬ûлش⣬ЩĶоԼǰûʲôܿԣȫԱ俴һ㡣
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ĵ˵ͷԪϾڣʱܹ̱ܷɶݵģ
ʯһµԼʵش𣬶˵˶ԷҲһţܽԼɹ̥ܲ˵Լڵѧԣ֪ʶĴɣ
ʯɫش棬еõһƪΪƶݷ֮ӵ
ƶݷɷʩչԼ֮Ϸһ˵ûжǿ
ʯǲ˿Υ棬æͷһһöʯУ漴档
ţʯ˫âһֶиʯ壬ա
ף˫ĿһУڻشһ⣬ǰڵģԱϣʯǸо


ڶٻ 
⣬ʯ˶Բߣ
棬뿪֮󣬵ӺȻ֣ԺжһƪӦá
ֻǸǲסʲôطõģĲˣǰڶһոϣͲ֪Ϊγ󡣡ʯٵ˵
Ŷã˫ĿһУ˵Ӧǵϡ֮СӻԵǲ
ʯ˿ʱƭأڵӾͲˣ뿪֮Ѿǲ顣
ƶݷɫʯõĹǱȽŵģֻǶʯƾշɻ
ǣʯش
ͫһһεѹٵʯϡ
мϷƾշеݣɫһ壬΢˵
ԣʯԤϵĵ棬ӾͲˣǰƾշеı¡
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ţѽ󷨲׵նսû⣬֪ϣγϷ󷨰ŵˣɫһ˵
оâһǰ˰֣ȻȥɣŴս׼Ϊڳɡ
ǣʯһɾƳ⣬ƶݷѱˮʪ΢˿ԪǼæת˹ի
գȥѯʷ󷨵£Ļ»治ƭ棡ʯһصիǴڴŴæһˮƽ顣
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˷˰ɣһͨ鱦ܹصģǺ𣡡ҡͷ̾Ϣһʯҡ
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һڻΰо͹أʯ뵽û˵
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ϤԺУȻ𱻻ΰץʱһĻǵҩЧɢȥһ̣ԼľӰǣΪǵЦ
޷ʦѡûٶ˵ʲôĿ˿һʯϴ˼֮ɫȥ
һССĲʯ˳֣˳㽫еһֻ񣬱ϾЩ˿޷ۡ
صի֮ʯԼƵĵҩ׷׽һ룬֣ص㣬ʱһ㶼š
˷ƣټ£ҲЩָĵҩԼͷ͵мЩǱıǮ
ʯʦܣеӣ㳡ϣʱ⴫ɫһƺᵽһɱ֮


ڶһ 뼤
㳡ϣԪϣγϣϣˣվʯ̨֮ϡ
·վŰԪϾӣˣϻ£㳡ϾȻۼǧˣ
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˶Ĺ㳡ڵѹѹͷܶµУеϴž֮ɫеЩ⡣
һЩϵӵɫЩȻЩ˸صĿ⣬Ϊ֪һսʲô
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㳡ϵЩѹ֣ƺ֪ڹɽʵҪ߳ڣܲĵģ
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ԣеı˼еǲΪ⡣
״ԪϼڹɽЩȷǷչѸͣʵʱȷԽǡ
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ڵӸǾӢɸٹ̣Զڹɽܱȵ˵ģмǧĻɽ
Ϲ󷨣Ī˵ػɽţõõߴŽһķУпܽشڹɽ״ȥûģ
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ңǰλԳˣٺ٣Ԫ˵꣬㳡һ౬һɧ
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ʯתһ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ֮˾ңʮˣʯǣ˾аԪϾڡ
˽ǻΪһҲûмʯҲȻȻִս¶ﲻʲôæ
ʯ⣬û뵽İ֣ϱڳϵӣﵽʮˣʤڹɽһ
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ʲôǿӣ
ھȻн飿
٣ӾͿǻ岻֮սҲԱݣڡ
ֻҪǿԻѹڹɽǾͲ㻵˹أҲĲʱڹɽȻڻԻָտɴһ˫Ŀ˵
벻ڻȺ֣ʵЩˣټһЩûϵĵѣشڹɽˣŴ˷أҪײڹɽˡһ׳Ц
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Ҫ֪սҪľʿ⼸һսʤȻʿ߰ʯȴüͷ΢壬ЩΪʯ֪һȷأ


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ϴӦһǴ֮ĳȥʯҲȥϿ˿ʣµʮ峤
λѺþòѵۣȥԪģԪ˵꣬Ǵ˻صԪ

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һڴ˳ʯһ֣ЩŵĿſյķ䡣
ųɵأ֮Ȼֲֻڰʩչ̫ķ򲻵ѣһܴ߶ǡʯɫ֣ص˵
Ƭ̣ʯ̷˼ŵҩ˫ĿһյĴڤƽȷɣһָ
ʱ仺ţڵӽǳϢ֮УЩæµ

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һңѾãİ˵ӣոսӵԶϢ׼ǰȥ֧Ԯ֮ʣû뵽Ȼɱһ·һ⡣
˽ŮޣİˣжʮңңҲİˣȻ˫Ϊ̫͵һûС
ţѩ㾹ȻҪڵֿڹɽҪˣ˻ˮϲۏģһɫһ˵
ʱһ΢΢һЦֲҪȡЦңȥۏˮƵȥԸڹɽġ
ߣǾͺãһ˿תһЩԣɻȻˣʦڵĴ֪ν£
ֲذҼʮδ˷أ׼һһЩƼȣһƷһѩ΢΢һЦ
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Ӧ֪ҪȥʲôòҪ£һüĿ˵
ܸʲôҲ鲻ɵģѩڵ磡
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ĳһΣ׼ڹɽˣһüͷһʵȻԷһŮһɲСһŮޡ
ˣ˵ΣֻɵģҿɲȥɱɱԸڹɽѩһֱ΢Ц˿ȥ
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δȻ䣬ԶһЦţ˱ǼԶӰһģ֮£һ߳ǰ

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֪ʲôµĪҲ˻ˮһɫһʱЩ򵥣ڹɽڵĴսЩԼˡ
ۏˮϧˣǸϷĴ۲Ϸȥս߳ɫм˵
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Ϸǰ빫ĿͬǴ۲ܲս˷ҪҪ빫ɵģٺ٣ԱϣоâһЦеĿ˹ѩ


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ɣѩüһ壬΢Ŀųǡ
Ǻǣ˵Ϲȹһλ鲻빫ġ΢΢һЦ
ԣһƺʲô˫ĿһĵµѣĪǺģ
Ǻǣǣص¾߱ãųĳڳǲģǶ˲ǳսֻɶѣ΢Ц
ѩü壬ִŷֿƽ֣һȻԳˡ
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λ㣬ĳǣԱϣһ˹֣Ǵ˵Զȥ

ʯ˲ʲôȻڷĹڹɽӣһɳҲ֪ԶһĻ
Ԫ´ڣȴüĸӦԶһУ
ôˣţкβףüͷþû˵ɫһһ䡣
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ǺǣһʱƬ޷󣬿ʱһ˭Ҳϲĸɸ˵ûеˣʱҲᵣԼɳµģۺ룬оâһ˵

ڼǰ弸ӵڹɽڵܺȻʲôݣһϹǷ׷׳ء
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ѣ˷ǰ֪кҪ£ɽŲ̲һ䡣
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ĳѽźԺ󣬿Ҳźĳɲȥ˵֣ٺ٣Լ·һЩ
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ڹɽҲٴαһ޴Ĺ֮ٴ۳ʯ״һȻ˫ȭ֣ʱ򲻼֣ǳʲôˣĿƺȴ˵ֿ


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ãˣʯһæ˲ѣ·飬һԥʯһ


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ضˣվ֮ʣصѣ֣Զɨһһ漴ųȥ
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״ȻԸһǰ⣬ɫһһƮ˱ǳ帽漴˫ǰһơ
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ٺ٣Ϲ㵽ҲӳϷģСıɽʧҲãﱻƻ̫أϷֵʱҪ˷Ѳ޽Զƺڹ⼤ŭ죬
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û˶죬æ̷˼ŵҩȥĲСܵһЩƣ䵥һ漴ųһīɫӭ籩»ΪСڰлתѡ
˿Źڰջתѣɢ͵âһƲʱĸֶȥޱȡ
̧һ㣬ֻһžž֮īɫڰҲҷһ°͸°͵ı֮
Ȼһ죬һâɢīɫȻԱΪһʮɷΧɫš
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ഫڼǧҵ챦Ԫ顯һԪݣϷҲҡԶ˵꣬ԲҴ⣬ɫһĿ˿һ
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ڶһʮһ ϵԭ
ԶϵʣһҲǵɴ˫ۣʵϵΪȲ˵˽֪϶ڵĺޡ
֮ǰףԼԪϵŭ⣬˿αװģǺԶ廹һϺ꣬ҪǰŪ٣᲻ֵģ
ٺ٣λȻȺڣǻǲ˽ϣ̬˵֮ǰǷݾʧ
˺Ȼס֣һ۷׷
ɫȻŭ⣬û˵һͷˮһЦĿźԶһˡ
Ϸȷһְҵλüʮ֮ãʵϷԽԪΪ¹Ժս
ϣݰţϷΪŭڲ֮£Ϸûŭ⡣
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㾹Ȼƭǣһ˫Ŀһɡ
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Ҵ˴ţһŲǷԪĳ֪֮ģ˵ʱڣҲѾϷеˡ
ҪǣʱڣѾʦĳһάˣĳΪ飬ƻʦάţ˫üһ˵
ȻѲ⣡ʯ̾ϢһȻ֮λڴǴǰȴţᱳѡ
Щ˾һͽϣˣ浽˴ǰȴǱκ˶ҪάͥЩ˿ƴάţ˵һƻͽ
ΪˣϹὫ֮λת㣿Ȼ⣬ΪβҵȺٴ󷨣ǵ˸Ͽ칲Զкâһ˵
ˣĳֻԼһԭѣǰԼķʧܣҲȻţζԵʦ𣿡
һ֮ɫ漴Сſһӣһȱϣ󷨻
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ûõģǧľ֣׾Ƶģרŷƴ֮˷רãרĲ÷߹󡣡ԶȻЩ˽⣬üͷ΢Ŀ˿ܵĹ֡
ֲϹ֮ǰһ֮޷Ƶ󷨣ѵ˼ǣǾɵȲɣһЩõԤУ漴˿Զɽſڣͬסڹɽңˡ
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˶٣ԶƣɳϵأԱʵΪϷ취ɽŽƣúԮ֧Ԯڻɧڵġ
صѣҶȫƵֵǲѣܻ˷һʱˣϹʱ䣬ȻһɧǣԣϣסϷΪΪ
ʲôסϹһ۾һɣЦԼסһԪڣ˼ҵ̣ҪĻǱ˼סʲôȥס˼ң
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⣬ĳĪ˵Ǹ󣬾סҲʵѰ쵽סĳȫΣһ۽һ˵
ǰԹˡԶĻû˵ֻ꣬һٿīɫ޴СһȦ۵һ˾֣漴Ŷһ˶ȥ
һ۽һˣȽ˵ɣ˭ҲܶӵˣһɲԼȥʲôΣգϺԶС
ߣԶŭȻڹȴǲ̫ǿƣɣֻҪԼƵ̫һܿ󵹸꣬Ϊ˱ڣָԼһ
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죬ԶıһѪɫԲ׷ױɫ˫ȭӷѣԼҲŵŵŵĵĲͬһʱ䣬Ҳɫ΢ף΢΢һĵС벽
ϷƺЩˣ˱ƺЩϵȻܲСǱײҲǲСһɫˣϹҲܵ
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Ͽ˿ԪϣеǰϷҲʲôֵܼԺ˵ҪŶԸϼһ
ͳϽȫַ󣬾˹ΪγϣѾ󷨣ҶסǷֿʱٽǸƣǲиʤ㣡
ԣԪϳûзʲôɫ֣صĵ˵ͷʦַģ㲻ܻɱҶϹʦҲһὫش֮ˣԲк³ٺ٣
Ԫ˵ŻǴһڳϣڶǰ֮ˣ׷׳ֹƵˣ˫սͲһģ仰˵ƽ
Ƶ˱˵Ҳ޼£˺ԪˣϾԪһÿһϬޱȣ׾ٵĴ͸󷨣ڹɽңһɳϵϡ
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ʯŷת༫Ķսת䣬вɵ˿ͬʱҲ̾Ϲﲻڶģһδεĵ󶼻ᱻ⣬ʯòλ棬ԭ֡ıĴڡ
˾ֵټǹԱˣǿ赲סԶһʱ޷ؼǣϺȻ߶ڹ󣬾ȻҲ׼˺ԶˣһٶνǸѩϼ˪
ʯ˿Զһ۵ܺ꣬ڷֿ˹ԵЩæңʯ򷢸ɵ촽һƮЦķ˹ȥ


ڶһʮ ɧϷŪ
ȥʲôΣգʯҪȥɽſڣæסʯ½ǣ
ԣʯסΣ΢ЦģµģﲻҪߣѾռϷ磬粻⣬˷һʤײڹɽңҲһܲӵ
Ƭ̣üһ壬ǰСģһ̷أҪţֻܷոȥˡ
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ڼ治ʱسϣɫ˸ޱȣһܿıˣǴѪıɫ˻һȭɫЩ΢
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ڴ֮⣬оһϴż֮ɫνȺף񲻵汻ŴҲ˼סЩ
ʱܺƺҲ˷ʯ¶һĨ֮ɫȻ֪Լ˺ԷʯԪϾҪ˺ԼǼֱǳ˵Ρ
СӣүүֵţһƵϷһ죡ܺߵ漴
ʯоâһûܺʲô֮Ϊʯ֪ԼѶܺвֻԼʵˡ
ȻֻԼִܺķݣҲǳϾһֱϼһѹţ˳ĻᣬʯܷŹ
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ʯµķɽŽ͸ʯģʯȱ鱦һǼƷ鱦ǹǷϬޱȡ
ܺ꿴ʯĻƽ֮ȴ˫Ŀһ޻аıСӣ벻㾹ȻаҲϵǶˣ
ܺƺϳ˷ɽˣһ֮ȫȻɫһһɫԲ漴ײ˻ƽ֮ϡ
صһ죡
һŴĿâѶɫԲϱžžױ֮ǻƽֻ΢΢赲Ƭ̣ǱɫԲĵɶⰵ
ԪϾҲٿһƷ鱦ѣҲ˺棡ܺȻЩȴЩԾ
ǰԼһ֮㲻ܻٵҲñķ֮شʯʯֻɫһƺȫȻûʲô˺ȥۺ̶ȣԶһԪϾڡ
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ȻʯûжȫһԪϾ֮˾赲û뵽ȴܺ꿴赭дһܣʯ̾Ϣһʵж
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ǲǣҲϹţߣʯһߣ¶һϷ֮ɫȻ˺ܺ꣬ǾͲ绻ʽӲӲǸĳɧս
৵һ
ʯڷɳһöɫһöм׻ڰһ֮£ǻΪһҵߣҡͷβĳ˴֮ڡ
״ܺһ㶣ֵͽ׷ܺһ󣬿ºһȭӰҲѶ
ȻˣܺҲǲӲӣȻڱˣС˶һУȷʵᱻŪǱѣһöм׻˺Ц
ǲ֪ʵֶҲóۣ鱦󣡡ܺһߣ漴ȻһȭӰﶼûжãǼ򵥵һ
صһ죡
޴ĻȭӰײϣƺӵ԰һŤӣȻβײȭͷȻһ죬βӣһȭ֮ĻΪ顣
Żâһ֮£ȻǵȭӰҲϯһգƺڻһ㣬ʣ°ػףſ޿ڵٴܺꡣ
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һ֮£ܺ꿰ǰػܺһ֮׵غ飬صײ˹ֱԵԺ֮ʯ
ţϣУԳͬıâһ֮£ܺ꼤ȥ䲻۽һʯԲ£⼸ܺԲҴ⡣
˫һΣǰȻһɫƣȵصͷϿգ漴âһɫԲֽ£һɫ׻žžױ֮
أأ
ر֮ܺǿƼޱȵĶƣȻɫչҵȱڣɼⲢĿֲԶʯĹɱȡ
µɫԲסԲ֮ߵ٣ֻԲ׺ۣ۵һɢΪâɢա
޵Ľϰ֮ȻСֻϧʵûǸ֣ʯ̾һܺЩæңʯ¶ЦݣƺССĳһ
ߣСӣб´Ϸãû˵꣬ܺȻ۽һλһ⣬һԡ
ͬһʱ䣬ܺӱԵһڵƵףܺ겻ųһ亹漴ҧгݵĿʯҪǵԼԼܱŪǱ
С˵ϷţһܺȥҪʬΣܺ걩Ƣñס
ϼһ㣡ʯȻһ䣬ܺ귢۷䲻дŭǹԹԵıܿ˱ʱȥʯ
ϱϱߣٶȿ㣬ôôб㲻ţ˰ɣʯһɸֵĺ
ܺʯϷŪҧĸֱ죬˿ֱ˿ڣ¶ŭ֮ɫ˫ȭֱ߬죬ȴʯһ취ûС


ڶһʮ սŤת
ܺ걾Ƣ꣬Ǳıף˼Ҫһ߶ŴڵĽֹԼ˲ʱ
ʯ¶һŲõЦ˿Ƿģ
ôϼһƺСүúôһʯԲѵ˵һ䡣
ܺ걻ˣҪܳС˵ҰϷģһҪ㡭
ವһ
Ҳ֪˭һȻһ༤ܺһæһ漴ٿضƻǰסǰɫ
СѺð취ϷԸˣʱһźۣòЩ߳ʯǰеһԱ
Ȼʯ䲢ϤӰ˵ĺֻǿԷһЦЩУⲻ֪߿ʯһǷЦҲüͷܺûһǺö
лǰ֣򱻼̤뱻ס˲ʵڿȥ취ԸʯЦݻ𣬾ڳһ֣֮ɫ
Ը۷壬ɲܶԸ˵ģʢŭı²СӼϷȻսڣ֣˵ܸɵⲡЦе˵
ãʯǺԸаֵģ۶ԷʲôĿģܹɵܺͺãһ֮£öм׻У漴Ϊ۵һסܺĹ֮ڡ
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浱Ϸǲɣܺһ֮ɫһģһСӡ۶漴˹ȥֹܺûʲôĵġ
ǿɫɽһնܺȴǲҴ⣬ͬ׶սһС֮£ͿܱԷ˵شҲûпܡ
һ֮£ɫԲĿâžžױ֮һ׻Բܣһģ֮£ɫ֮ϡ
ܺһȣ侹ȻΡΡģߵķɽ˰գŸ߿մȥƾɫԲͻҳ壬ȴȻԲ
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ʯȴǽ߷ɢĺȻÿһս֮ʱû˭ὫԼɢһ㶼ὫУܶԵзв
صһ
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ܺЩΣһ֮£һʵʰľ紵צ
ǿɫÿҪԲ֮ʱϵɫ׻ǵɫɽ΢΢һæ˻ȥ
ʯɧźܺԷԸ֮ʣоâһ΢΢Ȼһ֮£ɫâһ
ৡ
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صһ
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˶٣俴˿֮ˣߺȵսͶȻ٣ϣλӰѾֻҪǽЩһ򾡣ʣЩϾͲֵһˣûǶġ
ںüƲߣַֻƵעⲻԿʵûʤ㡣
ֻ֮ǵƣԪϷģҵȼȻǰսȻȫԸ˵껰ȫ
Ī˵ˣһЩҲͬ˷ܼһ㣬׷׷ҹټϰһЩϿ빥󷨣ڹɽң֮˿಻ԣһǱѡ
۵һ
ңҶֱһ䲻۽һ˿ڶң峤ӣȻҹս׼һʱҲԶˮⲻ˽ʣֻܰ̾Ϣ֮ǰ粻ô³çĴȴΪ˼ҵ֮ս
ɴ϶˵ˣĶ㣬һǱѵӣ೤ܺõˣʱʱľͻһϼ˴֮С
۵һ
һߣܺӰڱĵɶǹһ˿Ѫɫ԰ײѣһϢ󽵣϶ദѪ
񾪾Ŀ˿ߣɨʯһۣԼǿڴѪĻƽ䲻ɫ࣬޲óȥʯİپȻȻֻ֪ԼʲôҲвԽԽ


ڶһʮĻ Զ
ܺȻһ˿֪޷ֻôʣʯƺЩϰߣȻڻڣҲʯ
ˣϼһҪǲŭ£ºܵش˹߲ܺ꣬ٿ֮Ҳܺгܺ꣡
ʯͷһ̾Ϣһ֪ǲʵģΪһɳϣЩǰ֮ҲиԵĶ֣ҶռϷ硣
Щ˲ʱؾŪһˣܷԼĶ֣ﶫһһ£󷨸ȫֵĹؼʯһˡ
޷ֻҪܣһܺ껹Ҫֻڶһˣʯ뵽˫ĿһеĿ˿ܺꡣ
Ҳ΢΢üû뵽ܺ껹ǸӲͷҪǿʼʯܺŪЩǱԼ治ǱսȺˡ
֮ǰȻ˵ܺ꣬Ҳ֮˵ϣˣȴǲܽشʧȥսܺʵȷʵǿֲЩȷмֿıǮ
ۼźѺȥ𴦼ˣʯȥҪʣԼҲܺѣʯɲΪԼϴ󣬾նɱܺġ
ſһЦʯź߿ڵǰû뵽սڣܽ۷֮شҪҲ۷壬ɽɱ
ɱ΢΢һ㶣Ӵ̫ʯ˼
Ŷȿȣɱ˼գ֮䣬Ѵ֮һ־ͽնɱʯæߴ˸ñζ߹á
ŶԭˣɱʲϧˣϷսײãҪΪ۷壬ɲһʱܹģҪԴῨƿԴﵽ۷ˡ
̾Ϣһ۷ʵô״ﵽģȻ۷֮ˣܱͨʵǿôࣿ
Ҳϼһﶼܽ׵۷壬ȴ򲻹ǰ˵ǰԶһǰԴ㹻Խû⡣
նɱôһ۷֮ˣ˵Ҳĳָ򣬶ҲЩôģʯɴ˵һֻͨ߻һһ㶵ġ
߾ʯĻЩطԣЩطҲóǺ죬ʯĹά߸
ƫƫͺڣ˭Ը˵Ŀ佱
СֵܣϷһʣ΢Ц˼Ȱ˵Īг𣿡ԱϣоâһҪڿǿǰ׻ˡ
ȿȣЩСڣʯЩΣҲǺܻ̹棬ԣȴ͵ĵ˵ͷȻʯ˵ʵߺ⡣
СӣƢɱĸ˸ӶɱȻͶԵϷ;ܲɱ㲻Ҳã˵껰ɫһ
һ
ɫĿâ漴ܺһնȥʯ״˿Ǻһ˶Ըܺ꣬漴һϲæʮö߶Ըܺ꣬ʱʱĳԷ̼䣬ܺ辫ƣżǱŭܺ꼸ζЩˡ
սѾʣʤܴ֮⻹ˣ޷󣬸޷ӵоս
ʱƣڹɽң屻סĳϣԽԽ٣ŵҲԽԽأټְգսͻһ浹ս
һ棬ͬʱԸԶһȴҲ˿·磬ȻҪĻǿϵֵľдԼֵĹϣúԶ·硣
ˣкԶĴڣһȻЩˣȴҲûܵʲô̫ƣϾ˶ǷԪڡ
ҪǣƣϵĹҲƵˣֻĻԸ
ΪԸԼһЩƴס˶һʱƬ̣ʧĳϾͻ࣬սھͻһЩʤ㡣
һϼһӳڿɾˣȻֶβ٣ԺԶҲ˿塣
ͬʱԪûʲôӦˣҪдԼ»ǰ˸Ǳ
˵ӽǣƶˣһϼһҲľ޴󣬻ش˵˷϶һڵջɾ͸Ӿ޴ˡ
뵽ɫ˶ԶҹúԶ˸ڲϵĹȻܾòܼһΣÿһη˶Ҫֵֿ
صһ
һոնĹȻɫ˵ȭͷεӣ䲻ĵɶɫ԰һֽ֣סһؿڣʹޱȵӡ
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һ͸âһնһԷӦ˰ģۼű͸֮ʣһĨĿâֶȵĵסǰ͸УնյһϮ
صѿҪСģ̵ʮ֮УȻЩ䣬ϹϻЩرģҪ˵Զһ֣ص˵漴һУһĽɫɶء
״һ˲亹ڵлѳһЩΣԼСģʵЩġ
ԼһԪڣ˼֮Уټ󷨣ɫˣԼԪʵԼСģ
һٸСģҲ˼Ҷ֣ԼԭǸΪɺãƺΪҪ
ߣȻ䣬Զٵͷ粻ƣæһͬʱһ˦һĨɫ⻪ͷһâֱ£ûҵԶ壬ȴâײһ
ȻһѶԶɿǰ͸âƿһֱźԶһն
Хһ𣬼ͬһʱ䣬һ޴Ĺ۵һû֣˺ֵĹ󷨡
״һ۽һŹԶ壬Լ͵⹥֮Ҫֵֿġ
뵽ҲܺԶεֿ͸УźԶȻа취⣬漴æƣټϹһͬͷֿǵ
Զһ˿ɵ֮ɫһ֮£æƱﵲס͸У漴˫һӣһƬĿâϯһֿ֣˹
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֮һ𣬹ɫĹϼɢԼӰ֮Уһ߶ɫˣһ߳˷֡
˿½˵ڹɽϣԶ岻۽һǿܺ꣬ʯߴǱѣ䲻üܺ껹Щ֮ɫһֻ΢΢һƺʲô߬С
Ϲ˷սҰԺͣĻƴƣɶûʲôô֪ΣԶ˵꣬ǽţһ˫ĿһЩȥң峤ϣ⣡


ڶһʮ ǿ
ڹɽɽ֮⣡
һźۣĸݵգκαһһĴڣΪ֮ˣκһ֮УǶǳϼҪ
ȨʵҲǾԵϵȣˣڹɽ½׵ĳ˫ȻֻԪϾڣΪ˳ĻҲ
ֻˣ˷ڹɽ㳲˫ػɽţ˫ɫȴǲÿڻɽ֮ڣɫصĿԶ
Ӱֱһߣһ꣬òͨͨҲо˿·ͨһ㡣
ȴգҲκαһĻκ˾ͿԲСҲڲ
ٺ٣ڹɽܾѶ˫ٴ򿪽ƣҶ˽ȥһɣһȻһƵ֮ɫûҪ˵˼
ԭһƵĻڹɽ˫ûзŭһЦǺǣǰ⻰Щ⣬֪ɽԬǰˣкҪ£
ӣһıʲôģɽԬϼΰʵʵڵķԪϹ
ڹɽ˫ĻΰЦЦߣ֪ʣҶ˳Ϊڿտǵڹɽбµֵסһɡ
˫۽һüλǰݹ٣£ǰκ˲ϣλǰ£Ż֮ԵŰݷã
ȻˣǾͱϷ飬ߣѣ˵һտǣ˷ѴʲôɽԬɫһһ̧ŴһĶȥ
״˫ɫһ
λ֪ΪҪǿѲɺĳڴͣλˣʱһɫݹ⣬ڹɽڲ
˫ͬ˾Ȼֱӷɳ˷ƺԪڣֵǣһϢֻԲѡ
Ҫ֪ǰϹκһֻҪһ֣ͿԽУ֪к̣ԪǰȻҲһǰûгƺ
ݹһ˱ǳϹǰ¶һɫսףȥһʮӣһ֮ɫ
Ԭװ֮ʱüһ漴Ҳüһ˿֮ɫ
Ǻǣԭڴˣʧΰ΢΢һЦûСǰСмѵĴһк
ºǿλӦɽԬţϼ峤ɣԳƺǿӵȻ
Ŷ֪ڴΪ£Ϸֻǽڹɽĸ˶ԹӦòִµİɣΰ̬ȽȻͬɽԬ̲˵һ䡣
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ԣǿüͷ΢壺ԬԲȻִ£ҲֱӲ֮ķһЩ£ǻֱӳ棡
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һԪϹͷųѹֵܵˣ
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ҺӮþӱ߹أսңɻսƷǲ˵͸һ˿ƾ˱ڷԪϹɼر֮࣬ͨ˿ɱȡ
ӮǼҸǼҸƣ˵Żǿȡһ浭ɫƣ֣ǵӮ֡
ǺǣԭǺӮѵĺˣȻˣϷͿ㸸׵ӣղڹɽ鷳ǣԬǹϣͶΰһ֮󣬶漴Զݶߡ

ڹɽ˫˿æڵлصѳڹɽȻѣ
ԣǿ˿˫һĵߣлңһ׶ѣڹɽѵᣬôţϵһˣǻȥ
û˵꣬ǿȻüͷһ壬һ֮£һöɫУţɫ΢΢һ𣬰пռ䲨һһƬɫ㸡ֶ漴ɫ֮ڡ
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ϼһɫ֮ϸֳС֣ǿ֮ü漴΢΢¶һϲɫ
ٺ٣ȻȥɣһЩ飡ǿ˵껰˫ЩΪѣǿıãȻѾˣͲ鷳ϾѾ֪ڴ˵ˣδ䣬ǿѻһƿնȥ

ڣ֮ڣ
ܺ걻ƵüζЩߣ֮شȻܵʯӰѾԽԽС
ܺƺѾߵ˶㣬ָƽΪ˿֪ҪܵʯĹԳ֣пܾͻںϡ
ȻȻûװС˲ϣѶദҲʣһϢ󽵣Ⱥ̷ŵҩά֣żֵڡ
صһ
ܺǿƹСĴۣ˺һȭӰһĵĵʮಿ֮࣬ſסΡ
״üСӣϼһʵһﲻ٣ֶη࣬ͨ۷壬Ѿˡ
ԣʯ˫ĿһУͬʱҲͷܺʵǼʶˣǰֻһ棬ԪҲӣû뵽˵ʵȷ
Դ̫󣬸󷨹ֽ֮ԲǰҲЩϵʱٳ㣬֮Ȼɢ
񲻵ܺˣʯԼ˲Сģ֮ǰǰ㾫棬Щ౻סڹɽңӣҲ˹룬ȻԪϵˣҲ˲Сġ
˿̵İҶλϣȻûʲôⷢϹҲʣһϢ鸡ԭʮϣ˿ֻʣ˲ʮˡ
֮սΪң˿̵棬ȻҲɫ΢ףһļΪǣסûȫ֣׼ȸɵһԶֵס
ȻԶҲùȻûйҲʣҲǳ˼Ŀһģֻ಻٣⻹˹ٷ˿Σˡ
濴˿Զˣ΢΢𣬼ǰԶ徹ȻԺֲͣ꺢ͯŻɽָֻĻ᣿
ٺ٣Ϲ˷ϷƴںľԴҲҪһٲڹɽҰģؽΪ󻼣
˵Żǳкһ۳ϻǵӣ˷ܼһĹڹɽң
ΪԴޣ˿̵Ĵܼ˵״Ҳֲ˶ˣһҪɵסˡ
ôƣڴ֮ܲСպĳһ£ʱԶߴһһɫݹŴ˴ֶ̧һöӲӵķ
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ݹһ¶˴˵Ӱɫսףһʮӣֻɫ΢ףȻ֮ǰ߶ЩԲ˶Լҵľ棬Ȼһ֮ɫ


ڶһʮ ֮
ǿ濴˿ˣԼƵ󷨵Ľɫ⽣ɵüͷһ塣
ںǿˣ棬Ϊ丸׺ӮйνʵںǿûгֵʱѸӦԶ
컹ΪǻǰֹⳡսҲ֪ǵѣǿǺǿ֮Щɻ󣬸Ī˵ǿǸҳֶԸͨҲû
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ǿ֣ЧȻһ㡣
ߣҿϵڱ߹ؽɻսƷɣҪȻܵõȼı
˱˶ѣͲȹˣҪȻΪƾƿЦ
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ǡһֱ֣ӻƵķԻΪٽһЩףϡȡһЩѹڷ֮ڡ
ַΪӣһһ˺ƹ̣һɱǷпӵԭʮ֮
һ㱦ԾƣԾʮ֮ҲۺˣСɨͬףڸ߽
Ȼıײǣԭźܶԣܴս֮ʱԿֻòָܻԭ
ϱ˲رĸˣǲԼ˷Ѵʱ䣬С۱ģȻǺӮɻսƷ͸ǿҲ֤ںӮеĵλˡ
ʯоâһԼǴδһЩԼλı飬ƺϵó
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͸ּŤΣȻһѶػɣԶǹЦһ˿ɫ
һƮɫ˲ӺǿĵƺһĻѾעˣǱܴ涼Щ⣬ڸ޷ֵ
ԼҪǲȥֵҲƵ³Զעӳʵƣԭ־ͼֲ˶ˡ
׼֮ǰĶ˵սٽ·һЩ϶նɱһЩɲܣĶӻϣġ
ֻһΪǿĳ֣׵Ľս֣ȻûֱӲս
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ٵڣϷͬھɱһ׼ȥ׷೤Ҳ׼֡
ס֣ƣѾһսڣɫһĺһ䣬ɱ˺ǿкã
˵ǺǿԲڣټϱ֣һԶԸ˵ģ
λѣ֮ǰһٳȥڣɽ⣬ʮգһڹɽϹһЦңһ˵
ãȾȳ˫סĳ˵˿νһļϣЩһ档
ڲ֮ˣһɳϣСڵİҶˣһһƣ֮ɫ
ɽŽƣɵӸڶ࣬ĳڣԶһλһЦֶս档
С֣Ϸţһǳȥһ㣡ܺ꿴ʯϱͨ죬ƺҪ֮ǰĺȫй
׳գʯܺһۣûʲô˼תĿ漴ɫԭʤȯյڣһƵȻ޴棬˲¶˰Щ


ڶһʮ߻ 
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һṦʯڵ㣬ڲ֣ºܿͻݣڼǧҪֿһлᣬұȥ
˿ɼӰü΢΢𣺡Է̫ˣǧҪóȻж
ãģʯ̾Ϣһγ֪ΣգֻҪûϹֶԼ֮һЩԪϾߣʯЩյġ
ȻҪǴʯûôİˣ
Сģ
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һԥʯ£ֻĳĵط˿սʯСĹ۲ܵı仯
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ЩǸɳһ𹥻סҶϵĹ֣һƱƣʮϳǾԻὫһɳϱˡ
Ҷ侫һԪ޷ĶԸԼǷԸһ֮˸̷ŵҩʼָ
ֻ֮󣬲Żиľսһ˵û˿Ϣʱ䣬սʱԽԽǲҪ֪ճǿɶʢ
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صһ죡
ոսһһȭɣһ֮£ǱԶϹһУһĵĵʮಽſסΡ
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֮ǰסܺ꣬һͬʯֻӬһҴһСľͻᱻ˵Զͬߣȴʱ֡
ϵĴڷˣǲãʵûԴģ֮ǰ˲ٺ֣Ϊ˶ԸԶˣɴʹ
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һϯһ۽һҪûкԶһֿһԵشǿ϶ģܲģ
һ֮һһ䡣
صѷģϷҲԶٿؽɫ޽ǹɫһնȥԪ߽ϸ۲죬ִᷢ˻ûжֻƲСˡ
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һ𣬰ɫײ˽ɫɽһѪɫԲ֮ϣһѹ˵ıﻺˡ
֣εĹô֮˺ЩԲû˵ֻ꣬һһһ͸м
Ҫһʱ̷͵ϮԷ֣һһƮѪɫԲֵɫ˵Լ
صһ죡
һǧ㣬ûƹ棬ϵһ׼һŻһȭһؿڡ
ţڻɫ˲סһΣж㣬Զ͸һƣ۵һնһһֱۡ
͵͸ذҪһؿ֮ʣȻѪصһɶԭվĵط¶˺Զ壬Լ˸âķɽϻһ˿Ѫ
һĻպñʯ俴Զʱ䲻˫Ŀһ֪ôģλ˫۾ȻɣһĻʯд󾪡
һڿѪɫԲ֧Űɫѻɫϱ۴ȻֹסѪǷʹԳ̡
һԶ峷ؽɫɽԼֿѹûмصʱ򣬺Ȼ۽һ¶ŭݡ
Ϲ㾹ȻҵնһɫηҲֻǱãǵֿЩԲ
صѲҪżǵĿϹشǵĿıǴﵽˣҪȻǺֿϷĻشϹԶ˵껰Ȼһ߽ɫɽŰɫȥ
Ȼ𣬰ɫӦѶһʱоѹһɣɫϼһ֮£ѿ˻ɫ»ָɡ
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㱻ȵ֪£ΪϹôƻ˻ϵߣԶ建Цݣʤȯգˣûһ֣ԶҲаսʤġ
˿̵ɫ԰ײѣǴѪ˫Ȼʧֻ˫һΣʯȵĿ֮УȻɫϼİ͸ֱֱۣ۳ѪâһȻΪֱһģһĴڡ
ϱô죿ʯ֮࣬ЩĽ˵£ֻ̫ˡ
Ȼһ죡
ʯæתȥ漴ɵ˫ĿһɽŴСƹѶҶڻָɣϣ
ټЩϢãͻѹԪϵ˽ڽڰˣʱڳشѪ֮С
ɫȻ˫һɣƺЩǷϣԭӣ˲Ͳ˲٣ת׿˿壬˫Ŀһ죬һ˿֮ɫ
ԪϣڵֵˣϷ֮ǰڳϵӣԪпУ˵껰羪һ㣬ÿһ˵ĶС
ԣ˲ɫһԪһԥ֮£ȻʧɫĴˣԪ
ʯеӽԪֻʣ´ĵӲǺܶ࣬һɳϲŷػɽſڣ׷׶˶ڣ̼䱻ڹɽңռ죬ĽԪΧסȥֻӬɲȥ
·ȻԶһЩʱգѲ㻹ָԮҪ֮ǰͻмߡ
ţȻǶǵ·ĺһȻˣȻ˸ᣡԶΪм˵
ûԶ壬ת׿˿ԪſڴԪϣڵսˣϷڹ棬ٹرԪţ
ٴοһ壬ԼԪ֮ɫŨ漴һɣ¶֣֮ɫ
رյţԪ󣬾סԪ󱣻˵ӣصʱԽԽã˵֣ϷסǶˣ
ʲô㡭Ԫһɫ˲һ䣡
Ԫû˵껰ǱִϣϷ򽻴ɣԣ
ԣԪ¶Ȼ֮ɫ˵ͷ漴رյţԪ˲һɫ֣棬Զսһڹɽң˲÷ԸǹԪƹ֡


ڶһʮ˻ ˭Ӯ
أ
帽һĿѶԶ漤սһֱذһɫĿŶˣʱʱԳһΡ
Ҫǵֵõĺô٣һ˿̵治֣˫۱նۣҲ˲ټ֮ǰһ֮ʵһ˲ٿͷ
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ɫ޽һնȥ߼æˮƻǰһ޴Ѷαײĵɶ
ûᣡһ˫ĿһѪɫԲӭײˮ֮ϣһһŴĿѪâֶ
صһ
εɶдһƺߣɫһ׵ķɳʮ֮ԶſסΣʱԶٴγ֡
һ
ɫ޽һצſ棬ȥлΪһƬ֮ɫ¶ȼҴȼʱ֮
λս֮ʣҶλҲûţڶڹɽңӣĺԪƹ֡
ͣԪһɫֿʼŤڶʼֻϽâһǰȻ
ٺ٣ҶϹǼȻǺϣ㲻Ҫ׾һ˾ȱɿǵòʧġϹһЩõ˵
ƴ˵ǣǶӦþǡҶ˵껰üͷһ壬漴ԷԸ£ʼŬԪ
ء
Щǽʣսܼܣ漴սܸ֮ǻհȻһδػ˽ɫ֮ϡ
˵֮ǿι̫࣬ӲסһṦ򣬲һʱʱ䣬ɫֱǿʼŤ
ټӰѾϾҪƵˣԥԥһΪǸʲô⣬ԭҲˡ
Ƴ˵꣬Ĺֻɫֱҡҡ׹ⰵ·ʱһ㡣
ʼΪڴж˲ãϾڵ֣ԭֻǷԪһƣ绤ɽ
ٺ٣Ҫ˶࣬󲻻ôƵģ󷨻㲻Ӧþˣ˶٣ҶԪǻٳɣǹȥ֤һҲ¡
ܺһ˸ŷ֮ɫʯץ㣬ôĥҲô򵥵Բᡣ
ۼŽɫѶһҲϲɫֻҪɵˣڻɱ棬ǽˣǴսҲɹˡ
ܵӳһЩҲ޷Ͼڸֻ֮û˿ޣҲɱŵģɢڣռԴ׳Լ
ֶս棬ԼɱڶڵӣֻΪﵽĿĵһֶζѣ仰˵ҲδĿĲֶΡ
ܵҲͲΪˣű٣мϴҲɥ֮ȮЩɱ벻ɱǲôҪˣϾɱ£ڴǺٷģпҪˡ
ͱңλϣǰһɵĳϣͶң£ɵˣҲ鷳λҲ֪֮Ӳἰ¡
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˫ϲ׼һڣܸɵ٣һܣʣµĴ洢һ֣ռĵԴһϷ֣Ҳսݡ
ƾɵɽţû˻ʲô˭ҲῴôһյأܻΪҲûʲô塣
һ£һһ߹˼Σֻ¡¡һ죬ԪƹֺȻҶţһǳ˽ȥ
尡˭ɱˣ͹˭ҲҪţƴϿһҶķ֮Ϊᱦֵľ档
ҶϹһЦԸһӣǴͷ˽ȥͷһɱɱ档
ˣƸ֮ʣ񹥴ˣԻᷢһ浹飬һ²⣬ò˶ãսˡ
棬˿ҲǱƵϾ֮ǰˣټ˶ֵ֣ܵˣҲҲҪ˶ӣֻԶһϢƽȣһ֮ɫӣƺûдӵ
뵽һңңһ㣬ѪɫԲһѪ漴ɫ԰׵ϯȥһɶϢɢֲմȾһѪˮÿήɽʯȾѪҲðһɺ̣漴ޱȡ
ո̷ŵҩѪϯټϺԶ廢񣬸޿ɱܣæһ⣬漴ɫٻء
̧һ㣬ɫ»ΪһԲ飬漴ȻƾǺɫѪʴɫԲֻð̣ȥ޴󰭡
ٺ٣صѺֶΣֻǱֻиʴ֮Ч޹֮Գ״ݻĹǣϷһ֮Զ˵Ż׼֡
ţϵˣʱҶλϣҴҵ˳ϴ֮ɫ
Ŷʲôϵˣô£һһ˿ɻ
ҶϼæԪǸտǣӰûУֻм󣬿ȥռãøǽôӵˣ
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ԶķӦǲͬüͷһĿŰƴϣڵȻû˴ڣǰȥ׷ɱɱ٣ڣ˽մս֮˾ɱϾɱɲˣͿܻ֡
Ƴ֣صĵ˵ͷģҶѾɳӣֱ𼤷ǰȥ׷ˣӦû׷ϣԱϣƱҶԶȥ
ƳȻܵûúԶĴ£һ֮ҲͷЩ棬ƺÿһӦ֮ߡ
죬Ȼ˶ӵˣӦһְŵİɣߣȻˣǽͲҪ뿪ˣԶ˵껰һϢȻһϺε¶ɱ⡣
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ԶԣЩɻ󲻽⣬׳ЦЦЩεĿ˿ڣ漴̧Ԫңңһ㣡
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н٣ݣ漴һɫػ𣬰е񱩵İɫ쭷磬һЩԪϾֱӾգ֮УΪһĨҽ
۵һ
ȡҡһδ䣬պñѿɽһϼ̴ţ˿ʼ߽⣬̼䣬һԪڣ㳹׵û뵽ǹϼ˿ֲ
ãϵˣϹȻպԶ۽һæ㻤⣬ļﻤܡ
Ҳ֪ǲⰲţ˴ֳպɽ£ھܵĳҲױȡ
ԶȻֵط֣·˸޷շУһˤڵ֮Узһƺ֮漴ƤһΪպÿһϼŴ˴ɨ
ãӣԶһȣһöɫĵҩɫͨޱȣһɫ֣θЩѵվΣǾԶȥͨͨͣΪеĸӦһϢ


ڶһʮŻ ܺ
ԵһϿգ
ϣŰӣĳٷɶݣһṦ򣬺ǳһȺѹѹӰˣǴٶӡ
֪ǲϴ߶ɶԭ򣬲һĹ򣬱Ǳ׷˰Χ󣬶˵Ķֹ
֪һƬϿգڵӣϣһӰΧ˷ͻȴӳΧȦ
ͬһĻԵţֻһֻڳϴӣӷɶݵ;УȻҲ˷зȴֻӸ
ܺꣿߣȻ׷սߣ˵֮ˣϣʣںͳڣܺһڣռϷ硣
״ܺɫ˲䲢һֶߣÿһԱԼķ䣬ԼһֻסԷ
Ҫǣܺ˷Ŀģǻ׽ʯΪû׼ɱڵۼʯڴ˶ӣԷһԲϣܺʱ޷ֿ
Ȼɶսʲô˵ģڹɽңĴͨھӣҲûǸᣬߣܺ겢ûг˵˼ǿӲ˵
ԣüͷһ壬оܺԴΪ飬ȴҲұ֤һԷкԮԼһӶȻᱻס
ʱɲǳӢ۵ʱ̣۶ԷǼ٣϶׼ս񱣻еӲ֮ء
ãȻҪսϷǣϳܺЦһ漴Ͽڵ뿪˵ϷΪ赲
˵꣬ЩɫܺҲüͷһ壬û뵽û߶Էһ鷳
ϣֻʣһˣҾֹֻҪסԺң壬ڹɽȻԮܺ˵꣬һϵ˵ͷ׼ӦС
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˷ߣϻ֮ʣܺ˲䵽ʱܺɲʲôӢۣҪҲңĳ
״ң峤һݹһ֮£æԶȥԼԸһԲĴڣֱǿЦ
ɵӼͷ֮ߣǲ˼֮Զݶأϼ״һæסΣȥû׷˼
ϸ·ϷԸһҴҵķ֮󣬴˸·һṦ򣬱ʧʡ
һƬɽ£ܺң糤գһڵվڵԭزƺڵȴ
ܵѣĳͣѲ˶Բߣ˵һ䣬ңһϡ
ߣ̫٣˷ҪնݳģԺͲʦڵ׷ɱˣԵȣһȥЩֹһ֣ϾǻڵġܺȻûװֵ˼
ŶǴţǸ죿㻹Ҫһˣɫһ
ܺ˰֣˵һ߽磬ҪǴŵĻǸͨ˵أҷɶݶҲҪʱ䡣
ҪĳһˣôصںȻ֪Ӧ̤ǸһȻЩðʱ䣬ֱԸϵڼҲԶһ¡
ŶپͲˣĳԼûȥذɡ˵꣬ܺüͷһ壬漴˵ͷתԶȥ
Ƭ̺ܺɫһһ֮£һöɫУϳС֣֮ܺ겻˫ĿһС
ף⼸ϾȻҲûмʯܺɫߣ֪ǴһӳȥģӦԶˣϧ
ܺǶһᣬһصɽ֮ڣվһǰ㶷ƾʩҲ˿
֣ѵֻһΣͷĴ󱻻ˣȻ̫֮ͨ⴫ƺǵģ
֪ΪΣԭƬ̼ͿԸϻȥĴȴǺȻʧ飬ܺЩΪ˺üΣ£ֻ÷ɶݻȥ
ʱ䣬·ϣܺȴײһڵˣұڹɽңΧסϷֱڣһԲԼһڡ
ϴٶӣڰӣȻ仨ˮϸһѷ֣һӵоǾӢϵӻµӣһЩ͵Ĵڡ
Щܺĵģ˫ĿһӰǲٿһںɫɽɱеʯʯƺӦҲɫصĿһܺꡣ
ܺϲɫһһŭӿͷû̳ȥǿ˿ڴӵĳϣü
Ȼ˶ӵӱȽҪȻԪԴӣԸǸγϣԼˣ࣬γϿû̫ģ֮ǰһֱִ˵ġ
һսҲѷ£ԼԪռһ˿Ϸ磬ϣγϣȴһ˿·硣
峡ս֮ܺһȡһöŷǸƴϴŹȥ׼Щֹڿûʱȥŵģֻ֪ͨһλã˷ɶݶˡ
Լļ룬ȻܽԷȫ𣬵ԼһϵռƣܶԷ߽Էסһʱ䣬ûʲôġ
ʱƴϵ˸ϵھӱȻĵ·ƺԪ˲³һ뵽ʯԼ׽ܺϱЩ˷
ԪϣֻҪڹɽֻӶ飬˵Ҳ޷һЩûǰ;ļһͬɥ֮Ȯ
ܺ꿴˿Ԫϣ˵ļһ䣬ͼԲֻԪ񣬲С˰ˣԪϵ
ٺ٣ǱģӦ׷һӰɣ󲻵Ǳӣôȥȱ·ǣҪʧˣϹѱûʱģԪЦȴһĨ֮ɫ
һסˣԼʱԪвٴʹʹٵ˼ǧڻҵǲǻǷӳڡ
ʵĴ㣬ÿһ÷ǳ͸ͰԪһ֮ߣȻòãϵĻҲ֤ʧˣĻͬʱҲĵһɱ
ܺɲ֪ڱٵ飬ΪԪˣʲô⣬ԼѾŹȥò˶ãԮͻϵ˵ֻҪԼսţڹɽһ̾ͻơ
˷ĻˣǵԮϾ͵ĳѾŸƴϣһЭȻҪסǣһҲܷŹܺ˵ŻϳȥԭռϷϣ˲䱻Ƶ¶
ãȻϹԩңʯһһڵڹɽϣʯҲģܺ˿ɲһΪһᶢԼ


ڶٶʮ ս
ˢһ¡
һֻɫԲ̼仯ΪСâһɫ׻صĺϵĶ֮ϡ
һϿһƺߣɫһ׵ĵɶܺļ룬ϼֱ˫ȭѵ֡
ϣѰܣ㻹ĺáܺһ֮ɫ˵
䣿ٺ٣ƾǣ룡ɫһɫᶨЦЦ
ߣڤ粻飬ǾϷһ̡һ˵漴ٿɫԲϺȥ
һڹɽϼ״ȴһЦܺԸϣ߶ʱѹ֮䶼
ʯ˫Ŀһֻ֮оȥĻ϶ΣգܺѾɨʯüۣһܣЩӶȻк³
ԪƺҲڣæ֮󣬱һߺȣλʦܣЩڵĻ֣һҪá
ףͬ
ԪɫһãȻˣԬеӽͻΧ˷ӶǶ٣ֻǱϷ֮ǰĽ
ǴӴ˿ŻҲԼɣгһգ˿ڵĴ죬λһҪˣӦþ֮һԪڴл
ϷģۺʱεأҵҲڣгһܼ縺ΣӶȻԬɫ֣ص˵
ڣ

ڵһĴ˷ԭռϷڵӣƻֺ꣬ڹɽӴ仨ˮ
ʯͷ˶ӵӽ񣬵սʲôһսǷ˾Ԫһڵս
ûᣬ㣬һҺ棬أ㲻ҪܣҶϺáʯɫ֣ص˵
̤ɽٿһɫ籣ʯĻֻ΢΢˵ͷһ֮ɫ
ߣߣûôףܺһϣǳڶӳ˹ȥ漴ĳһơ
Хһ
޴ӡ۶漴Ϊʮ֮ޣԬһĶȥƻû£һľϯ
Ԭվȣһ֮£ЩˤӾûôˣ˷׷·ɽصˤ䵽˵档
Ԫüһæͺƻ˶֣漴һǽܺһƽԪٴγ֣ܺ꼱æˡ
ЦԼԸһԪϾԲܺûǸ¡
ĶڹɽԲʿһȣǳ嵽ǰ漴˶վһ
ܺԶգ˫Ŀ΢еѰŻᣬƬ̺һٴγ˹ȥȻ䣬бһӰܺǰ
γϣ
ھӲǺܶ࣬Ľסһֹ֮γȻסܺ꣬γԼĶҲ
ܺаȻ˫ƽȣԼǲһ֣һ˼Ƚһ˵
ߣȻǾ͹ֲĳˡܺɫһɫԲγһҶȥγϵĶּ״ȴϲɫһܺĹγϡ
ʱԬѴˣΧȦ˺һȱڣʯ˸ں棬ΧȱڳԽԽ󣬲һṦ˱˰Χ
ϣʹ˱ԬгһնῸڵĴ죡˵껰Ԭǻһ磬̤ɽƿնȥ
׷ˣȻ䣬ڹɽӽ̤ɽһģ׷˳ȥ
˿̣ڵĵ½½ӳ٣ÿߣ󶼻һЩڹɽң׷ᡣ
صһ죡
γ˫ȭѵ֣ձܺˣȻҪĻһ˴Ըܺû¡
֮µγϣӲ֣֮ܺǰѷֵĶ֣ҲЩֵס᧿Σ
ܺۼԽԽߣ䲻ɫһȻ䣬ʯԪϾӣ˼·֮ˣԶȥ
ߣʯϷȻҪ׽֮ܺǰʯϷŪԼɵ¶ŭ֮ɫݹһ𣬱ʯ׷˳ȥ
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Ȼ䣬ϵӰܺǰңĳϣҲһ׷˹Ȼ˿£ϻӲͷƤܺꡣ
һģߣܺɫһγϼˣڼûаѶԼΨʣԪˡ
Ҫ˵ԼֶͬԸԪϣܺԼܰﵽæ࣬ҲüռһƣϾ˲̫ԿԼļԪ
Լң峤Ϻ֮£Ըϲ⣬ɹؼܺûǸʱ䣬ʯܵǿɾͲˣ˴Ĵȥһ֮ˣСӻǣ޹ҡ
֮£ܺ껹ҪϲУһҧܺȫֿɫԲͻȥң峤ǿһɫ޴ӭ泯һҡ
״ɫһҴ֮¼һɫƣţֻ죬ȺϣǺɫ޴ڶ֮ϣҳһİݡ
Ͽһƺߣɫһ׵ĵɶ漴һ㣬ڷɽֱܺң糤һնȥ
ܺһûгر˫һΣǰȻһƣȵĵסǿڷɽ
ţɫԲһױ֮ϯϸ׻ϼɫԲΪʮ֮ޣһ±ϵΡ
ɫһԼңĳһԻԼ׳֣Ȼܵͱɫ޴Ĺ
ֻϵһӣһöɫְգ漴Ϊһɫ֣ԼλסƾɫԲսҲ޷κϡ
ʱɫ޴ӭͷ£ϼæٻضƻǰ¡¡һ죬ɫϼɫһ죬۵һһѪŵ׹ȥ
ߣ˵ѣȥ׷Щӵĵӣ֪ܺȻô˺սԽͲ٣漴˿ʯߵķ򣬶ݹһ𣬱׷ȥ
ʯ̤ɽ⼤ȥͬţٶϲ٣һˣʯȹγϵӣ˽Ԫ;ڡ
ԶԪϾ֮ˣ̤ɽ׷ڹɽĵӣûŹʯˡ
ȥһ׷ļˣɫص˵
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ܺһģ޴ƻû£һҵľϯʯڵһģ׷ڷɽ֮׹¡
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һϵжֻ֣ܺգ֮䣬ڵصһҲŸյڵء
ۼŴּϮʯæߣԺа취׷㣡
ߣҾԲߵģһ৵һʮֻɫСֶ漴ܺ˹ȥ۵һûʧ
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СӣϷ˵ԲѷɣܺһܹϼһȻһ㵭ɫ֣ƺܺ
ֻܺ겢û˿֮ɫߵָâһȻһ׼˵߳֡
صһ졣
ܺһֻţȻ˻ǻҲֵ߳ģܺüȻ֮ɫ
ߣСϷҲסϷ򲻳ɣܺ굥ȭ漴Ȼ˹֮ϣ¡¡һ죬ɫһӦѶ
ʯڿ֧ŵֿǵɫƣڵӸոǱϵڹɽӰΧ
Ȼôױסģʯϵĵ˵ͷܺҲǺ֮ɫս֮ŷ֣ԪϾ֮Ĳ֮࣬
ȻںŮޣϷͽһץȥˣٺ٣ܺɫһ¶Ц֮ɫţƻ̽ƺҪʩչʲô
ϹҪ񣡡һ̶ƿֻ֮һģӰԶɵ˸һӣһɾǽڹɽӴ䡣
ȵڵϲɫһʦʱ֣ԱϣֻܻâһʢǱһи
û°ɣγϣԼĵ˵ûµʱ򣬲ת׿˿ʯܺˣɵ΢΢ü
γϣǾԼĵӣϷ͵ûˣȥҪ˵ʯϷɾͲòˣܰǶһʱƬ̣Ǻܿ׷˰ɣܺ꿴Ҳ֦
ãγϴӦһһǵâӣԶɶݶߣ״ܺϲɫһ
ͬһʱ䣬ʯһ̾ϢγϱԼϣʱԼֱڿЦ
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ߣҪֿ৵һʯֻܻâһǺǵɫƣ漴ʯˣγϷȥ
γϣȻĳˣЩ˵ʯЩ֮Ĺϵû˱Լˡ
ϵĴԹޣɣγȻҲϣҶ෬ѣؼʱȴǾǣǸ㲻ôģʯЩҡҡͷûдﵽ־ݵλǲ׵ġ
γâֱʯˣĳȥ󴫳һܺǻһɫݹ⣬Լ˽׷
Ƭ̺γɫ΢΢ףת׵ĸˣΪڣһҪȥ֮ʱҪΪڱ
һжʱΪȡһʱ䣬ò˶ö־ͻܺϹȫʢʱҲһж
ԣǾ͸ɣΪʦԼϵĽʯΪչҵһȥ
γ˵껰һƣâʯˣԶƮɶȥ׷ܺ״Ȼһת׼׷ʯˡ
ߣ룡γһȣ漴ܺǰźɫ˫Ϊɫߣܺƶȥ
֮ҲҺ£ܺһȣȻһǰƣţɫԲһױ֮һϸ׻
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һϵжֻǵʯ֮䣬ʯ˵Ӱûʧܺ׿γϣԶ׷˹ֻңң̧һ㣬֮Ļɫݹɢ˼æ̤ɽŲͬķȥ
ٺ٣СȻ˾㣬ֻϧϹ̫أҲѱˣ㻹ǹԹϷصڹɽɣ죡һ۵ܺһȵʯǰ˿̣Ҳ˷ߣ


ڶٶʮ 
ڹɽĵӣ˵߾ʹߵģʯܺԳ֮ʣγѿɫԲٴη˹һģڶм䡣
Ϊڵ״̬ĳĶ֣ܺɫҪΪ׽ʯڿ϶ûγϸɵϾԷ˿һ
ֻܺԸǻ׽ʯоʯȥЩ̫ˣ
ߣ㲻ĶΣھӣһҲܰװץͨӣĳ£ʯԲУγɫһһݵ˵
úúãȻˣϷ·ֱֻۣܺô߶ɫԲٴγ϶
ߣСӻߣѵϷ򲻳ɣγϳʯɫһ壬ʯٴμʶǸ
ųʯ֮ʱץһȽ䵱뾡취ȥֱֶΣȻ񳤴˻ûʵԸڿγӣȻоȻ
˶ǻ᳤ģĵ˲һǵˣѲһѣ֮ʱô޻µ곤֮ˣԺŷǶôɣ߻ȤЦЦˡ
ͷʯԺһ֣صγϱأԱϣʯٵ飬»һתԶȥ
ʯɶݵķ򣬲ǺĿģ֮ǰɶݵķһ·ʯ˿飬ֻҪӳԷĸ֪ΧϰȫһЩ
ƿһʯо粻ƣתȥܺһȭγϻˣ漴ʯγߵѪûüãǶݹһٴ׷ݺݵزסܺꡣ
ܺ볹׻ɱγϣֻǿףҪɱЩˣ㹻ʱ䣬һʯӵþ̫ԶܺǷγϣǰ׷ʯ
γǽ׷ᣬƴػʯ룬ѪȻ޾ɫⲻʯ΢΢˵ǰΪǵӣ˳־ԼһΣڣʯҲκν˵γϲΪԼ
һӶݣʯһ氵ľܺʵ˵ãγȻʵǿˣ֮Щɥⲻʯеһ˿Ρ
ȡʲô֮ǰССְ鷳ʲôʯ˫ĿЩ΢죬γƺѪˡ
׳գߣߣγϿʯٶԷŻɵ˻ߵŭһʯȴһǰδеůů
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γϷ֮ʣܺıԲǿγ϶˹ȥȴǽʵʵİһȭһѪγһ֮£ŵ׹һξ룬סΣһϢޡ
ºˣ˭Ӳˣ˷Ϸ򲻵Ի׽СԻɱһڳϣջСջСܺһЦʤȯյ˵
Ȼ˿ܺɫҲ̫ÿһϢҲ½˲٣ԸǰĶˣЩյġ
γϿ˿ʯ̾ϢһȻԼֵܾͻûʯߣʵҲѹ֣Լ赲̫ܺʯһֱɶݣҲӵóȥγϰʯ벻ϣ
γϣû°ɣʯɫصʵȴǽܺꡣ
˲ǵѪγ¶ЦǺǣϹͷˣΪҲûʲôٽһϣδҪǣϷٰһΣԺͿ컯ˣ
γ˵껰ȻһģһϢͻȻɫͨ죬ȫƤҲͨޱȣһѪ䶯ѣƺǰ׳˲١
ˣȻʩչܺ״Ȼɫһ붼ȥ
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ܺ۽һҪ֪ʩչҲ˺ƣ󷭷ɶܺ׵壬ҧӲһȭ
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һѪѶֱܺ˲仯ΪޣɫһףһƺߵĵɶһѪܺĿ˳Ȼ˷˲ᡣ
̫ˣγʯû˵꣬ȻγϵÿƣһϢޣ;ƿһ㣬ڰصˤ˵ϡ
γϣʯɫһæγϸųƽ󣬶γϷ֮ϣ漴һߣƽһͳ֮ŶԶ
ȿȡһȺңߣӦû˰ɣܺڵɫĿ˿ˣæ̷˼ŵҩûȥ׷˫ĿһգһֻŶϱ۴һ㡣
ˢһ£һƬ۶Ĺճһֱ۵
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˵ʵڵģʯоԼûʲôԲĵطֻ˼ȣʯԼĻǲã˵ǰеˡ
ȿȣӣҲһģûжԲңĳΪ౨µȴиëǾạ̊́˵ҲЦ
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γϷģһߵģʯɫһ
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Ϊڷ㣬ü𣿽һҲܲʱԶߴܺһɫݹŴ˴
ãγ˫ĿȻһо֮ɫʯɫһЩأȴǲ޻֮ɫȻһ߻ƽǳĳٷȥ


ڶٶʮ ֮
ڹɽһڣңҶɫվſڣ֮ɫԶ̬һ֮ϡ
ţ֪ˣ˷սʧأң岻һף򶨻ᱻ˵ϵģҪϼţѯʼδ
һ뵽ڵҶϲЩ£ҪƳϾԶԪڣҲʬ޴ˡ
ˣҲشһЩԪϾԼµĵӸһûʣϸո̤ϴ׼׷ڵˣûммҲɥ˴֮С
ģҲʧȥսЩɳȥִ񣬽׷ڵɳϵӣҵĳΪҴߡ
ݻһЩϱ棬ϴһӣԼԪϴһߴ룬ʣ¼ֻһЩ©֮㡣
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ţңѾҶϻû˵꣬Զɫһ壬¶һɱ
ҶϣϷ˵Ĳ𣿶ˣ֪ͨƳһϷչʱ䣬κ˶߰ɣԶ˵껰Ǳ˫Ŀ
״Ҷüͷһ壬з˲¼ɣѵأصң嶼˵飿
ȥҶܾЩԾڹ֮ϷֵĺôɰƳҶϹͬˣһЩյĵԴҲ˹ƽϷ֡
⵹Ҷ϶Щοһʧ˶೤ӣõһЩҲ֤ӦƲأĻԺԶԸ񣬿²ôƣ̲ңͲˣôô
ֻüɣң廢һþпĵ·ҪǼɻɵңͱüˡ
Ҷϲļڹɽţһս󣬾ݺԶ˵ۼ
һƽأԶ嵹ûʲôƣһȻڹɽӴ˶˱չزԪԼһ棬ŶƲأӦûʲôҪ顣
뵽Ҷ̾ϢһţҶߣϣתż仰˷Ȼڣңʧء
񼴱Դ֣һЩڵ̱ӹܣֻǿ֣ЩֻңԼĵ̶زϣճأңɹѹأ
˵껰ҶתȥЩûʲôɱܻģΪźԶԴҲ֪ϾڹɽҲ棬õ˶ĵ̣ȴֻ
˭ϵƵĲΪӪЩ֣ȴͻȻֵĺǿϣڰܾѶ£˭ϵ澹Ȼк֣һʤȰܣԪˣ
˿ңѺڽڣڹɽֺγٻں޵У

ݣԫ㴦
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״ʯ¶֮ɫ伱æת׿ܣƺѰʲôȻ򶨣нѣγϼʯ˳ȣɵðͷ
ʯúܣܺȻˣطȻǲĹȻԶвһ첻
ΨһܲСʮݣԼ쾭ʯڿɲǸжõģֱӻγ㣬ֱȥսȻһγôأܵ϶ûˡ
ڸ߼ԪϾ֮лңУֻܲĹҲѽˡ
ۺ˵⼸ְ취ʯ׶Ҷãǳ䲻⣬пܴ벻ЧԿĻʯоûʲôʤ㡣
ȻҪԼĻϼֶΣʯЩߣγϣٴ£ɾͲðˡ
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γϷЩɻ󣬲֪ʯʲôƣصӣƺЩ̣ԼǱɡ
Ҫ˵ԪϾԲһѣȻټҲ㲻ʲô¶
γϵ뿴ʯ׼ˣʲôֶΣܴһӳ죬⽫һôʵ飿Լû˵
ߣӣաܺοٽӽմ򵽹Χܺ׼ֵʱ򣬺ȻʯһʮɫӰ
Ƿ콣ȻƲСֻÿһâ֮ϵʵСĿܺЩΪȻиԼԼĻ⣬ԵֵĹ
ףڽâӽһЩʱܺȻ֣мһӲӵԲ飬ϸһɫƣ׻ơ
ã߽׸߽ӣܺɫ䣬ǰǼɵԶԶ㿪ã񱾾ˣһþͿ
ߣǽƻȻ˽â֮ڣֻϧùϷ˫ۣܺһߣο˲ѣŵһӡ
ˢһ£һɫƳǰܺâһһĻֽ𣬿Ƕĳַ֮
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̫ˣֻҪۣͲ׷㣡۵һ˵꣬ܺ겻һѪһЩѩϼ˪
ٺ٣Ӷˣ㻹һţĻҿӵóϷģ˲ǵѪûԼ˵壬ϾֻǶԸһԪϾ˶ԷҪܺǱˡ
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ѣľôԬŷ²豭˵һ䡣
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ڵɲ㣿Ƿһ׸Ԭ豭˻Ρ
֮⣬ѵõĵģɵʵһҲǿɽһ߶ѣȻˣӦսݽߣܶˣɽԼ֣Ҳɡ
οϼ壬ֻĳģһǶ֣ҲռЩˣĳɲɣ䵽ڹɽңľ棬ñ֮ΰ΢΢һЦ˵
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⡭ѵǱԶ϶вȵģ⵹ǷӲŵԸ񣬿Ҫ̲ңˡ
ĳЩɻˣǺԶὫķóȥɳȥĵӴϢ˵ڵԴǷָң岻ٵġΰ˼
Ȼһһ˵Ĳͬ뷨ɰһ뷨ϷĿЩͬ
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һˣԶһЩ̲ң壬һտʼʱֶȻϣֻкԶôһԪһ˹Ǽֱ·һûָң˶ôȶġ
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ȿȣЩףϼڶ࣬ҲɽɵģһԷͷϼȥ񲻳˿ճǣΰص˵
˵ֻܹȲҪͷĺãҪĸɶźǿͲҲˣʱҲ֪£ҪǸҲ֣Ҳûô
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ȷЩɺˣ˼ǣڳ˹ʲôҲˣΰЩû뵽ڹɽӴôһɽȻΣȴܱסɡ
ٺ٣ǵǣǿСսһһЩңڹɽԴҪִͺãһǺǿδػֵģԬг˵
ãǾͰԬѵ˼ΰĻû˵꣬˺Ȼüͷһ壬漴ſڣϼһһӰ߽
Ԭţ峤һɫսףӺǿ
״˲üͷһ壬һ˿Ȼ֮ɫԬ漴ɫ΢Цĵ˵ͷкһһơ
ΰΪ֮ˣܵԼҪɣȻЩû뵽ǿȻӣ˲Ҫڹɽġ
뵽ΰ̾ϢһڵǿСѾܷıãǲȥڹɽģԱϣΰ˿ԬҲǵ˵ͷ˲ս
ǿǰڳһ΢㶵ı飬üͷһ壺λǰǺ⣿ĳû˵Ҫ֮սԱϣǿһ֣֮ɫǿЦ
ΰ΢΢һ㶣ԬЦЦڵǺǣʲôֻҪȥһڹɽ˸Ҷˡ
ԣǿһվһĻһ
Ԭţ峤¶λˣʵֻһСףЩ³çеλǰˣǵŵǸģұĳԲٲǿ˹֡
ŶԵ棿Ԭ˫Ŀâһΰ¶ϲɫ˻һۣǿһ˿˷֮ɫǿЩסѹ˵Ҳ뵽˵ϣ׷׸ֳһĨЦݣ

Сӣ㵽ûа취ߣ
ԫΧڣγ϶ڻƽϣʯһ֮ɫһһµܣܺȻˣȴ׷
ʯû˵ɫصĿƻƽٷɶݣһṦɫһȻǰһٻӰǽ̤籵
㣿ôûߣʯæһ䡣
ҵİ£㣡ϲɫһʯ׷ܺ꣬üһ壬һ֮ɫ
̫ˣȻǾˣ˭ˣˣܺ꼸֮£׷ϼˡ
ʯһ֮ɫγһΣ˻һʯ˽䱸ӣƺ׼֡
̤ܺջԶ˵Ľ䱸мһˣЩϷ֮ɫĿˡ
Ŷ𣿾Ͳ֪ϹʯĳʯȻͣסΣоɫȥ΢΢
һ֮ɫҲʧϻֳ֮⣬һӣռϼһֻܺܿռ䲨һһ㵭Ľɫƹ֣ǳܣ䲻ɫһ䣡


ڶٶʮ һ
ܺ꿴ܵĽƹ֣ɫ䲻ѣ;ĩ·ˣʱڴ˵زµĽƣ֮ǰܺûϡ
Ҫ˵γϣҲ̫ʵԼ۶ܵûв󷨵ʱ䡣
ҪԼȫʢʱڣҲںʲôˣܺȻһԪϾҲСĲ٣ˣ֮ǰûзʲôƲܲܺģ
βóĽƣܺһγҲ¶Ȼ֮ɫ龫ֵСһǸȤ֮ɫ
ٺ٣ֻܹ̫ˣҲ̫СˣʯһŽɫڱסܺ꣬æ̷ŵҩ
췢˿΢΢һЦڼڹɽӻڵʱʯߣϣٽ׼Ըܺꡣ
ֻϧִټûʲôЧʯһŶϻȷǰУԫΧ󣬺úòһнƣ٤ǷаסܺϹ
ʱ˿ܺ״̬˵ԼмְգżڵһߵʵǶߣǰʯķԸˡ
Ըʯߵģ
ȻʯҲ׼Լ˦ܺ꣬Ͳ׼ͬʱգֻʯӶˣܺȻˣȻԶ˽׷ᣬʯ׼һԡ
֮ǰеľ֣ȻΪܺİϷ˲ö˵ʲôһ֮ãҲղĬ
Ц绨ӣܺһҧ㣿ߣΪƾҲסϷЦ
ܺɫһһǣϰâһƺʲôҪɳţһģһƺߣĲȴûʩչ
ȿȣҵĿ˼ܺȻ̫أһ˦ɫԲһ绡䲻ѣصһײ˽ɫ֮ϡ
ƹ΢΢һڶĳһ޴͹ˮ·һȦȦɫԲĿϼɫһƺҪѶӡ
ãʯɫ΢΢һ䣬γҲüͷ
ɫ΢̧Žɫңңһ㣬৵һâ˸֮䣬ɫ־Ȼָ͹𴦽âҫһṦ򣬾ȻɫԲ˻ȥ
ŵŵš
ܺɫһ׵ĵ˼֮ɫֹܺ裬ʯγϣҲЩ
ԪϾó󷨣סһڴڣʲôȻԷأҲһĳġ
ôܣڸû˸֮ˣ㵽Ǻ˭ѧģܺһɫصĿʯ
֪ˣǽ֮ˣʯЦݻε¶ɱ
ԣܺһ㶣漴ЦϷûпӦǵнưɣҪǴйԣǷ֮Ͳôǿˡ
סϷһʱƬ̣ƾԪϾСޣɱһڣδЩ̫쿪˰ɣѲΪնɱģ
벻ܣҪ˵ʯɫһƺ󷨣ʣ¼
˵껰ʯһӣʮâܺ겻۽һǰٴμһӡ
ȻҪĽƿռڣҲҪǲƤûӺܺ·һļ
ԪϾҲңߣϷı¶޷˺ϣоط壿ںĵӹ
ܺɣǲҴ⣬Ϊʯʵڽƻԭʡ⣬һ˼ǹԹԵؿ˻֡
ƾһɫâϣƲСϣȴûʲôܣţɫɽһת̩ɽѹӭͷ¡
صһ졣
ܺĻ΢΢һ漴ϼһʢ֮£ǽɫɽ巴Ѷţǰѻɫɽ
״ܺ˫ĿһУٸûӲӣ˫һΣһɫƳǰƾǻƽεѰҷȴʼ޷ͻɫƵĵֵ
ʯֶþɫҲ΢΢׵ʱܺһô֪ı˰ɣɱϷǳ˵Σ
ԣʯɫһ¶˼֮ɫܺشټϱԼסһնɱʱôʯʵвʡ
ƺʯ뷨γüͷһ壬ҡͷʯ֮ڣһ״̫ɫ
۳⣬ת֧շɶݣ֮ʩչĻͨ
ҽ֮ҲһЩı䣬ǾǶ֮֫ȻһЩǿȱԪϾҪǿ᲻ٵġ
˵һڣǺѱԪϾɱģϵ޹أԪϾʩչĹͨɱȲԶв
οܺ껹һڣ͸ûʲôɱˣһƣֻ٣ȻԼٺܶ࣬ӦһԪϾǴ´ġ
СѾͷȻʵһ۷״̬ڣҲû취ס̫ã˵ܺڴˣҪˣͿƽˡ
СѾͷԪϾԲΪסһʱ䣬ڣ˷ʩչĹӦסҡ
˷ʱ䣬Ǿ·һûʲôֵܵˣֻϧһڣҪǳΪǻЩʻɱ
ԣҲǸоЩϾԪϾޣԼֲҳֹҲΪԼĹȻʯҪǿ
ͶѯʵʯɫһȻס֮ãӦùҳһˣ㣬ԺշбҷԺ۳ɹ񣬶ҪϢһʱ䡣
û⣡֣صĵ˵ͷγҡͷ̾Ϣһоʯ̫ǿԵ飬ĳʯ˿ôţǼˣ
Хһ
˼֮䣬Ϊ֮һɳʯһͷСͨѩ׵ͻְգ̤գһ両ơ
ɫͻ˫Ŀ׹¶ⷭһŭ֮漴ܺһ˶ȥΪˣֻͻЩãʵ
ʲôǻޣôܣܺɫ䣬ѿڶγϸâһ漴ɫɫήҵʯ
ܺ룬׳һöΪ⣬ɫƻǰһɫԲ׻ײ˰ɫͻ
ء
ȵĿУɫԲɫͻһצķɣӴصײɫ֮ϣθ˲١
ɫ󷭷ɶɫͻһ֮ܺϣһצȻ¡
ܺ겻ȭӰÿһζðɫͻһЩȴ޷ɢĻ⣬ȴǱô


ڶٶʮ 쵤
ʯ˫ĿһУҧһ֮£ɫͻһŭſ޿ڳܺǻһҧȥ¡¡һ죬ƹһâһŴĿѶ
ǰɫͻӰܺ⣬ǺȻһɢܺǿѪεɶ
صһ
ܺײ˹ֱԵ˵棬ͬһʱ䣬ƽһߣܺһնȥ
ãܺһһ״һԪϾǰовȻǣâٴλֳһ֡
۵һ
ƽպôܺһֻƣѪʶŻ⽥𣬾ȻĽƽƵûˣ˹֮⡣
ܺüˣʯɱ׷Źᣬһ֮£һöӲӵķְա
漴ΪһСĽɫ޽ӰɢһδӴѹȻȻƽҪֲ
նʯһȡ
ɫ⽣һ⣬۵һ͸ƹ֣նܺǻ֮ϣţǻ˸ƺЩеӡ
߼ӱʹ֮ô߼ʩչǻ޵ģܺ˻ߵĺ
ۼŻ⼴ѶʯһϲֻҪһƣ߼ȻὫܺΡ
ǧһ֮ʣܺоɫһ漴Щȡһֻƿ֮ɫһǶ⽣ܺâһƺ¶˾һ㡣
ƿǣܺ붼ĽĵҩУţֻ˸ĿѪâһϢȻҲûлָ۷壬ȻҲȫʢ״̬
Ϸһžõġ쵤ȻϣҪᣬᣡܺкâһƺ˼Ѫһ㣬һϢǡ
漴ȻһֱۣһɫƥϯȻɫ⽣ƵûˣЩܺ漴ָһ㣬һѪɫϼ
صһ
ƽѪɫĵɶһѪɫڽɫ֮ϣһ۴СĶֶ
ãʯͫһǽϹƵˣƶˣǲƴĽడʵնɱ˼ϵıͲԪϾܱȵ˵á
ǿʲô쵤ĵҩʵʯĽѣ˿̿룬ΪܺɫԲѾ˽ɫ⽣ĺŽƹ֣ÿһγ֣ƹֶⰵ֣Ҳѡ
СӣѾȫʢ״̬ʵڲ߿¾ˡγȻ̾ʯı£˿̸Ǿ̾ܺķ
һˣ˿Ų쵤ϷһŪ֣ҪǲɱйߣϷѽͷ֮ޣܺ߶ɫԲȻһҽƹ֡
ɫһףһƺߵĵ¶ɫ̾ȻôöԸģձ󣬻Щ
㣬ǿߣϼһԼȥɣʱ棬ٺúʰһ٣סˣˣҲףʯ˿̸ǲҶֶþֽԷƷ裬̻ô
γɫ֮ϣʯ˵ͷæŽɫ㼸£һߣɫ类һĨâﳤȥ
ܺȻ½ɫ֣Ȼϼ٣ۼʯԶȥ䲻˫Ŀͨ죬״
ҳȥҪɱǣһһܺ˫ȻĴڹ֣һ˷ӣɫԲһδεĺڽɫ֮ϡ
Զʯ࣬۽΢΢һ֪ܺôȻҪ֪һŲ쵤ļֵؾܺ˿̵ˡ
û뵽ϾȻв쵤·ϣγϿȫ߶ɫ籣Ŀɫ԰׵ʯϡ
˵ҩô죿ܺûжսˣΪηúǿʯѯһ䣬ҲЩӡ
γ̾Ϣ쵤Ϸֻ˵ѣûм˵˵ҩЧңĶƶأֻҪһţָܻ̾ս
ֵֻҩǿ֮ƽ֮˸òܺŪôһţȻ׼Σյʱ֮ãǶһû뵽ȻƵķ˴˵
Ŷ쵤ʯ˫Ŀһаֵҩơ
СӸӱ̬Ҫܺûв쵤Ϳ»ϣû뵽㾹ȻӵǻޣſʩչķγϾɲĿʯЩǰû
ǺǣӦ֮ǰõĻɣʯ˸
ߣҵõӡûɫۻǣҲʩչģѲɣѾӵһγԼһ
ԪϾӵЦЩ˼ǰʯʵʵڵʩչǻޣܲγϾȵġ
ȿȣҲô£鼱֮³Ӱɣˣ쵤ûĵط𣿴ŶһţʯɻʵһĵŲ쵤
ͲõˣϷ򶼲֪г۵ģˣºлУҲԻԽܵļ۸
ʲǼ񣬻߻ϣ˭Ը۲쵤ϲֹһţϲܺĲ쵤Ӧڱѹεģγ˼
ǽȥСպ󣬼ܺû׷˲˿Ҳ㺹죬˵һ䡣
ʯȻΣգȻȥϻˣԣҲȥʲôϻǸط򲻵ѣʯǲȥԻа˵ϹָԼʲôҩ
ԼĽƱ⣬֮ԭʱ䷢֣ӳٵʮң˳ʱ䣬ʯоԼѰҽҩĺãܲȥа;ȥ
ڹɽ»ĴѲڵӣϾɱ֮£ӵﶼ̫ȫʯüͷһ壬ҲЩ
γȴҡҡͷ⵹ᣬ֮սѹڹɽӦòڴģ˽ǣ㴥˽ɣ˲ֵġ
Ŷ忪ʼΪβ֣ʯЩɻ
֮ս໥̲ǿʳķ򣬻Ȼ֣ѵȥ׷ɱɢĵӳϣʵɱ޹ߵԱ֮Դֹͬɱһгϵͷ
ԭˣֲܺ굱պһҪɱˣ֮󲻺֣һЩƣԭָƣ°жЩֽţڹɽǸɵóɣʯüͷһ塣
㻹СģЩֽţǸ峣£ǻǾҪǰȻӦҲͷۡ
ӦҲԪˣûʱ˼£˵ɵڹɽٺ٣нܻӳˣȥŵĵ̻ϣѾвڵˣγ΢Ц
ŶȻˣǾȥŰɣ㣬ȼһᣬϢһϻ㣡ʯ˵Ż̷һŵҩ漴Ŀ


ڶٶʮ߻ ͷж
Ե
һѻɫɽһƬ֣ŽݷȥžڽݵԵΧڣһ·ʯ˿ҵ飬Ϣʱ䶼ûС
Ϣһ°ɣ˵Żųɫ籣ͳϷ棬ʯƿػƽٶȷŻ˿塣
ǵӵļ磬Ҳ֪ˣγϣȥţŻҪõʱ䣿ʯһ䡣
γ˫ĿһУҽķλã뿪ΧԽܸҲݵȻǽˣžͲԶˣǿԴһ£ĿǰٶȣŰ¾͵ˡ
ֻγϵɫ˿̼ѿһѪɫûУ촽ҲǼ԰׸ɿݣȦڣ˵Ҳȥʱ˯ȥԽԽˡ
£ʯüͷһ壬γʩչڣѾȥ죬˿ǻûŵĵ̣Ҫ
Ȼʯ˼ɫһЩȻ˸
ƺ˶˵뷨γ΢΢һЦǺǣЩ죬ּһСĵ޺ˣҲó̾ģб֮⣬籨ڣгһճڹɽ˵γ¶һĨ⡣
ʯȻɫһڵ㣬γϣһ£ҳȥ飬ҪǸϲǾ;ߡ
Ҫȥʲôһ䡣
СӣɲҪ嶯ʱڱ𣬾Ϊ࣡γϵʯ嶯ȥڹɽ鷳
Ǻǣγ϶ˣӿɲȥЩҪ죬㣬ǾǰǴңǣʯɫһ
Ȼ֪ʯԸ񣬼Ȼ뷨Ȱǿ϶ȰסģʯЩ龫֣Ӧòȥġ
·Сģüһ塣
Сӣȥأɵ£ǰ̣γΪ֣صĽ
֪ˣǷıǣʯһ¾ŵ㣬漴̤ƽһâԶȥ
СӡγҡҡͷĬƬ̣һߣɫȥ

պԵ
ʯ̤ɽһǰϤĴӣв˼֮ɫ˵أȻǹŻ壬ʯҲû뵽ȥŻ·ڴ塣
˷պȥѯҪγƵĵǾòˣ֪ΪΣʱֻҪһʲôƵҩ⣬ʯһʱ䣬ͻ뵽ͨΪµͷ
ʱޣʯҲҵ飬һ·ϼûϢֻе˵ʱ򣬲ɽ似·ֻһʱ䣬ļ
Ȼ·ʯҲܿȺ˼ʯʲô⡣
ҹʯƿŵʱЩ˯ʵĺһ
ôˣ˭Ϣˣ۾Ȼʯɵ΢΢һ㶡
þòϲٽһܽ׻ԲˣʯһҲ⣬ϵֱ֮һϡ
ûеƣ׳һţ۴Сӣɢ͵İɫϼ
ʯһȻһҹ飬һһЩ˼ҲӵеݳƷͷ˿Ҳ׬˲١
ôˣôң϶û£˸˸Ƿ漴ʯϡ
ʩչһֽµĺ֢˵ھͻ֪ʲôɽ⣿ֻʣ²ʮˡʯҲûתĨǣֱӿʵ
ƴķԳ֮ΪϷ֪˵֣ӵеĸˣӶʱнƴʱкԪʱսĽǲϧ͸֧ΪۣһǱܵĽϲĽ
ԶԶԣ͸֧֣ԭˣʩչͼһǱˣ˵òϰ¾ͻʯæĻ
ŶǷаµ⻹Ҫ˶죬ԼǱܵʲôزжϣЩ˿ܸʩչеܻϼ֮á
һ㶼ܻʱ䣬˵ǿǸûԼа·Σֻƴˣơҡͷ΢΢üͷ
ôܵҲû취ʯҡͷɵһ
ܣСҲҴñϷֻߵĵط࣬ʹ󣬲Ŷ˽һЩ飬߰ʮ꣬ҪϷҪ
Ϸֻ˽⣬ܶ鶼޷ģ˵ƣҶԣҩˣɫһ˵
Ļʦܶ죬ǵõʱγҲ˵仰ҶԣֻܱĿˡ
⻰˼ǣڱ˵л·˵·һʯü
ǺǣϷ˵Ϊ̫ͣƴ˵ĵ㲻̫ȫʢʱڣЩ취ЩУȥһЩᡣ
ֻҪ㹻ʵһЩ߽ҩа취þȵģȻǰǻҪ㹻ʱУڵ
ԭˣֲ˵ҶԣֻܱĿʵ̫ȥҩҲûõó˵ҲûЩʱ䣬
ʯ̾ϢһγԼʯһΣʯԼбҪȫγϣΣգҲҪȥһˡ
ɣ˵˵Ҫʲôҩ˾ȥһ˺Уʯɫ֣ص˵
ȷȥоһ˶Ҫüͷһ塣
ʹҵԣұ뾡˵ˣѵоûԪϾǰȥƷѵֻܱסʯЩɻʵ
˰֣̾Ϣƽᣬʵ߻ӣϵµ龳УһҪ߽ײſɱ
ֻͲ˽Ӵ߽״ڣԻΪûи߽ףɵɵΪΪʲôԼΪһߣߺȻĳĵ˶ΪҲˣǰôԼأȴǲ档
ʵЩԶӾ뵽ǵʵ߶ߣʵӴȦ˵ηΧ
ǰĵ˵ͼͣܲȥǰ龳ȥɣֻ֤ԭ̤ûнѣֻ龳СȦ졣
һž֦龳ǶôҪ׵ĹؼڣǵΪŪ֡
żȻһţǶͷѪһ鱻ײΪɻ࿴һۣ㲻֣ͽȻΪûи߽״ڡ
֮ͬԪϾһЩϱʵܾڸֻ˼ûгֵıҪˣ˼ҶиԵĿģǵĿǶ֮ǵĶ֣ͬȼڡ
׻˵侳գһֹɣÿ֮ˣÿ̶ӴķΧԪϾýӴԪϾΣգ˵Ӧһ㡣
˷ҩǿɲ֮Ҳۺ죬뿴ԪϾ֮˱ϣΣճ̶ȲϷԣӦúġ
ܼ򵥵ĵʯȴǴδ͸Ŀǹһϯʯп࣬ǰԼҲ뷨Լ龳ʱ߾еˣŽ׻ӴȻǣΪԼﵽԪϾԲʼղߵΣ
ֻ֤ԼĽˣӴĶֲͬˣȻгһ̤۷壬ŻܸıһУʯȭЩ
ȸҿɡʯûΪڶΣҲ׼һԡ
ãҳֽ漴дһЩҩƣһЩ򵥵ıϷЩҩƣʯʶ
һ߹ۿŵҩ࣬ʯɨ˼۱ϷһЩҩò֮ʱ䲻оâһϻֳһĨϲɫ


ڶٶʮ˻ ʵ
д꣬ʯ˫Ŀ΢У°ͣ¶˼֮ɫ
ⵤҩǷƷʯ˼һ䣬ͬʱҲЩΪҩԼϾС
Ҫ֪֮ʱԼǽ鸨ǿǵõϧҩģֻϧ̫ʯв֡
ҩٶ࣬յȱҩҪҩ棬ȥ˷ʱ䣬ǽγϵļʾͻһЩ
ʣϣڵƷͲؿˣ
ŶȻһ̶ֹĵʯɫһ˵൤дƷֻһЩĵҩûдƷȻҲû֪ƷһʯҪһˡ
ۺ룬ڵǺǣ⵹ʲô̶ĵ㲻ʲôֻƣ󲿷˶ҩˡ
ȻƵķܶ࣬䷽Ҳв࣬ϷֵǼ۸ͣƳɵģһȥֵ̫ߵҩļҲһЩ
ԣʯһȻ÷ʡȻ
ʵ˵˰ɣЩҩϾУֻĿǰǷȱ뿴ǷдƷϻЩҩġʯɫһ˵
ڴ£ʯûʲôһǱȽεģԼҲûʲôвʯôΪģϴΪԼЩΪɱ˵Ľͱιࡣ
ŶСôЯôҩЩҩɶǼֵƣƽҪܲףѵ׼ʲôҩɣʯĻˡ
ʵЩҩõģԭҪһ£ʯ˵껰оâһ
ֻʯ˫һӣǰϰâ˸һֻֻУڴгҩһͬѻǰ
ʲô컨ӣعݡ˿ЩϵҩҲûսУһܼңЩ۵ӡ
ţμڵҩֱ𶼱ײģеüҩһеװҩŨɫޣзҩԵñȽʣЩǿ˲١
Сһҩɲζ㣬ɫ޾ǺöЩֵǮװЩ컨ˣ㿴òͨûʲôζǡ
ЩҩԼĺһ㣬Ϥĵĸʯװҽÿҩ;ҩҩͨ
ʯǣЩҩ棬ȻûʲôͨĻɫһõطֻϧȥ
ˣʯȻмҩûóļҩʯֻʶ֣ڲҩƪϼģޱȣмȻʶʯܾòһ㣬ǡǶɫ
һٷĹŽЩҩϣͨͨʯÿҩԣǰҩ̾ѡ
ööǲٺ٣ЩҩóһƵĵˣͨĸϣҪԶУǷҪоâһЦеĿʯ
ʯһ飬ʱԼܼż黫ףÿ¶ЦݣʯᱻһΣҲ⡣
⻰˵ģ㶼˵Ǹˣܲ𣿿ֲˣԼǣһЩʯ˿Ҳûʱƽʲô˵ʵſҪʯҲ
ֻͷÿζڳһռˣƽԸı飬ÿʯòʲôƽףǳû٣һǲǷʯʲô飬ҲϺꡣ
ǾͺãϷҪ֣ÿָһҩʯжһ£ϼһҲ̫˰ɣԼֻҪиϣ͵һѶ
ãջƣʯ˿
ˣԼ컨ӣϷҪһ꣡һҲûɨһʯֱۣϽҩͷһʲôһš
û뵽Щҩ˶ۺ죡ʯЩ⣬ͬʱҲ
ֹЩҩǷԪҲõϣֻвϡ֮ˣˣϷƵҩһЩɻ䣬ϸãȻȥƵҩɣɫһҩʯ
ʱ仺ţһʱʯŽ̼סû뵽ֵҩ˷ҿԼɹʲǺܸߣⲻʯЩ
ڣʯᳵ·Ĵ򿪵¯һЩõϵҩȡ漴ʯһأʯ˿˷ʱޣҲҲ࣬䲻Щ
һĻʯ˿˵ҩƣֻҪõģαɳɹˣҩĿʡ²ٵġ
һ׼ʯһߣ¯һڳҩ¶ȻһṦʯоʱ򣬲Žһҩ˳Ͷŵҩ֮ڡ
ڶգ峿
֪ԵʣʯȻŽţһʱ򣬻ûдﵽĲ裬ҩڱصһҩһ
״ʯֻüҩ֮ϸĻһϴʧܵľ飬漴
УŲ豭˫Ŀ΢еҲ֪˼ʲôڷڴߣҪȿڲʱֻһ촫
һ£ˮ˳û֣۽һܼңְܼˣ
εը¯ʯûôǰ۵ĹǺʱһֱûը¯֮Щ˽Щˡ
˿̣ڵʯ΢Цץһŵɫҩŵַҷ֮ϼڣʯƣж
ⵤҩȻƣֻǵξƳɹˣûƭң˵ʵ˵Ǿ仰ʯһֱû̫ѹоɣٱһҩҲԼӻˣû뵽ô׳ɹˡ
ʰһʯص˴񿴴һ㿴ʯɻ㣬ѵˣ
Ŷⵤҩ˵Ĳⵤҩȷףξˣʯʼ磬ЩΪȻ˵
ЩһѪף֮ǰ˵μɣǴǰοʯһֻԡ
һʦƹֵҩ£Ҳδһţʯıܹڰܼ֮ǰɹƳһž㲻ˡ
û뵽Լֻһ䰲οĻıʵ
ı飬ʯЩɻôˣкβף쿴ҩƷΣ˵Żʯæװŵҩƿ׸
ˣ˵쵤ӹƿʯȻһ䣬ξͳɹƳҲ֪츳ʵӣϹèӽҶΪ


ڶٶʮŻ 
˿ʯƳĹ漴ƿ̸ʯڵ쵤ַúѸٻָսĵҩ
ֵ֪ʯ˵ʵ
üڵ쵤ǲ˵ֵҩòСúȻѸսҩЧһ˺ľԪҪܾòָܻҪǶս֮ʱõҩܻ֣ܶǾͺֻܱܿС
ʲô쵤Ȼôĸãʯ۾һɵ˵֪ˣǽ߾ȫ󷨣ܺסһʱ䣬ֻҪҩЧһԼڲ
ˣÿһҩٶһЩãѲΪôõĵҩԺ󣬾ͿԺˣǳҩۺ롣
ʯըգۣ¶Ȼ֮ɫĵ˵ͷֻϧԼʶǳĻϴܺͿܱԼɵ
˵ǲ쵤䷽ˣʯһ䡣
ֵҩϷǲˣСӴ˷ƹ֮죬ɺϻ츳ˣ²豭оâһʵ
ǺǣҴ˻Լû취˵˵츳˵ɺأʯЩĻشһ䡣
⵹ǣðɣȻѾƶɣ͸ϿȥɣãЦЦ
ԣʯһγʩչʮ죬ԼȥҲûʣ¼ʱ䣬û취ڴ˵˷̫ʱ䡣
ãҾһˣʱʯ˹֣ɫһ˵껰ҲûϢʲôлһ뿪˵ء
պʯһ·Ҵҵĸϵ壬Լĵصҵγ˼ʯȫأҲɵ˿
㵽ȥʲôˣ⼸ɵˣüһ壬˿ûΪγڴ˶Ťʲô
ǺǣѾͷĵģòȥĸŮ˰ɣγϺܷĿ˾Цֻɫͻͻģȥֱһˡ
γϣ˵ɲˣˣôҲЦˣһ죬Ŀ˿γϡ
Ц˵Щʵˣǰѹ̫˼ǿЦϷ֮ˣٲ˵˵ûඣγҡͷЦϴһ˿ɬ
ʯһγϻȣû뵽Ĭһ档
γϣӴ˷ȥΪѰҴģʯ˵Żȡһֻƿγϡ
ΪңγЩɻĽӹƿƿǺţ漴оâһ¶֮ɫ
㾹Ȼõ˹õģҪѶĴۣõȻܰȻĴγһ֮ɫһʳ⡣
ǺǣγϾͲضˣǸϿõҩܷưɣʯЦЦûлشʲô
úúãϷԣγϸ˵˵漴ҩУʯһۣ뿪˷䡣
֮ʯһԾñطСһ㣬Щǣȴֱһľ롣
㣬û뵽֮֮ߣϴζסܺ꣡ʯ֣΢΢һЦ˵
ֻ󷨶һЩѣΪս밢ǲ̫ԶˣҪôôܱƵܺ쵤ˣ΢Ц
Ǻǣ㣬ȥһֻڻûдﵽԪϾʹˣޣԲԽԪϾ
ֲЩɼоҲֵӣǵ̫û취ԪϾҪҩʸõĵӡʯ˼
õģֻҽѣӦô´ˣο
⵹ǣ㣬ҲЩϢɣγϻָһЩǾϸ·ʯ˵껰ǵһ䷿Ŀ
պԵһɫɽӰʯγϣˡ
ֻ˿̵γɫҲ֮ǰǰݣлָһЩʣȻһϢûдﵽ۷壬Ҳ͸¶һˡ
Ǻǣû뵽û뵽ܼһγҡͷ̾
γϣþͲʲô¡ЦЦദԲǰǰ裬࿪Ц
øþҵȷҪΪڱ𣬲ڹɽγص¶һ˿֮ɫ
һʯ˵ͷԼڹɽûʲôӡܺˡ
ãڳ׷Ȼγüͷһ壬ʯһ׷ź󷽿ȥ


ڶʮ γϵ
Ѿͷǵת򣬿ǲɵģγɫһæƺɫ籷һתɶ
ʯüͷ΢ĿԶʱҪڹɽ׷˿Ҫ׶༪٣
Ҳ֪˶ãԶԶƫ·ߣʯҲûиоʲô쳣
ãֻ龪һӦ˳·ˣγϺȻ̾Ϣһ˿
γϣԷʲôΪѵܸӦ޷Ӧ㣿ʯһҪǶԷͨԪϾоγϲ˵ĵġ
ԪϾγ̬˵
ԪϾӦò̫İɣ̫࣡üһ塣
Ǻǣ࣬ҲǵֻܰЩӺпܴŴŷһʱŸڹɽ¶ǵλãǽǺΣյ顣
Ͼﻹûеŵĵֻ̣Ƶܱ߲ܿ㶢ϵģǻСΪγ΢Ц
ԣʯһȻϵγϿǵĿνǼܵΪ˴ҲСĽԼû뵽˵㡣
γϿǵܵʯԵ̾һҲǵ˵ͷ
ǺǣֻǳԵĿһЩȻѧӦ֮ߣڰҪ֮£ҲӴŴŷһ⣬һɳ̻ӵ֪ͨġγɫƽ˵꣬Ǳ˫Ŀڤ
ʯһۣ˵ͷźɫ籷һתŷȥ
ʱ仺ţһ·ûʲô鷳Ҳ˿飬ʯַϢֱУºڸϵ˽ݵԵΧڡ
µʱ䣬γɫѻָһϢҲָ߰˰ˣȻûдﵽ۷֮ͨڣԲγϵĶ֡
ȻҪ볹׻ָ۷壬ͲǶʱڿˣϾҲ޵ģγϼһѾʯеοˡ
γϣһ⣬֪ǷʡʯγϿãƺ¶˾ġ
Ŷʲô⣿֪ǲǻָƲԭγɫȻٴλָֹŰɫ
˵ֿϵӣֻΪĵӣγϾͽնɱԵĸоγȻЩ̣Ҳֻɱ˵ӵİɣʯЩɻ
Ŷкβܣҵĵӣɱкηγ˫Ŀһ̧ɨʯһۣĮȻ飬һ޶
γϲôģ˵ҲţγһпԣȻЦЦ¶֮ɫ
ԣγ˫ĿһеĿԶϴһ˿֮ɫ
ԭһƻָ˵˻ȻҲԸңСӵĹҾ͸ܡγϻ
ԭн˫γϵӲ٣γҲѵ⣬Ͼγϱǻ֮ˡ
ȻγȻ̣ȴǼעŹ棬Ȼѵһû׼ֻɱ
֮γϷ֣ǽ˫Ȼɵļϸֻ෬֤֮£ûвʲôõĶһŭ֮γϱǽС
Ȼ濴Ϊͣʵ˼أ֪ԼĵǼϸȻЩԲеķʽͷԼ
γȻ˽λʦܵΪˣΪ䰲ĵдȥûӣγ϶κˣҲû˵ʲôɻɱĽ˫
˿γȻǻޣնɱͽܵˡ
ֻγʱΪ˻ֱΪ󹦣ҲͲ֮Ը϶ԼԼҲȫסʦܡ
ԹԣΪԸĹϵö֮ҲͲἰ£γϾôһˣ£ԸԼţҲҪ֤ͥĺ뽡
Ȼʽһȷγϰ磬Ҳ˵۹⣬Ҫ˵ɸֻɱ˵ӵģҲֻγϿеʦ㡣
ԭˣҪ˵ǰһγϻ̣ɱ˵ĵӣӴõţû뵽»顣ʯԵľγϣԸ֮ڵȻ٣ûС
ŶǰһɱˣΪҹ鷳ɣγ¶Ϸ֮ɫ
ȿȣЩϵɣʯʵĻش
ٺ٣Ϸƹִãκ鶼ϲ飬̣Щ̵ԭ򣬵ģıʵڲͬ˲òɣҲŶ෴顣
һʱǼϸϷҲԥĳ֣ԹҺˣֲû
Ҫֻ֣ܹ㵱ʵЩ࣬Ϸһֱ͸ŶɣֻҪڣ;ܵ˵Ϯγɫһ˵бâ
ŶǺǣγܺ͵˵Щˣʯڵ
˵ʵһֱɱҲһֱЩɣΪ̫˲˼飬ֻŶ㰲ںĻֵ֮УǱ֤ѾԿ㡣
ϵֲͬѰ֮ҲʲôϸΪԱһЩСܰɣŵİţټĹҲòһ֮ˡ
ȻҲ·ΪҲ˲۵ģһļϸǺǣͲҲҪӳܺ׷ɱγ΢΢һЦ
ӦõģγϾǣǲ壬ȵĴɷΪһЦ
ˣܸǣϷҲ̹٣СһΪˣǲὫ˵ȥģγоһʯ
ȻγԼԸˣǲȥֺ֮µģʯæ˸˵Ц˼䣬һṦ򣬱ǿһ
ˣѾŵĵ̣ǿȥĵϢˣȻʧɢĳϵӣγ˵껰Ӧһ
Ե֮ʱʯ·ԵĽΪɣֽ̯Ҳв٣ȻȲһЩǣԶȹŻ帻ԣ٣Ҳֺܶࡣ
ֵʯӦ΢΢һɨȻһЩҲȺֻǿͨͨ˿ڳ˵ĵطͨǾһЩͨˡ
ȥԵӿջϢһ°ɣ˿γϣͶȥһѯʵ
ãγϸɴػشһ䣬ǴŶǼԵӿջȥ
öûԵģʯЩӣҪǻǰͶû
ȿȣγϣҺЩˣȥԵ㶫ҪҲһȥɣʯ֪Ѿȫٹȣóʲô
ҾͲȥˣǲҪԶȥذɣγ˵껰ʯ˵˵ͷ׼ȥ
γϣǣʦֵ𣿡ʱһźۣòªǰ߸һλȹŮӣ˫Ŀʯ


ڶʮһ ٻƹ
ʦ㣿ʦʧɢѾãոոϵʦ㣬ɼˣγϿ˿ˣ顣
Ҳոոϵģûмˣ֪˭ţª̾ϢһγҲ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
һ˶ʯС޷ġ
һͬϢհɣȻ취Ѱʦֵܣγһƣª˵ͷ
ʦҲЩˣ롭鿴˿ʯˣ漴һ۳ª
ڸԵ㶫ɣȻЩ¾ջǣª˵ͷ漴γϽ˿ջ
ȿȣǸȥԣʯɿҪ˵ĽడʯЩСΡ
ڸһںˣ̫Զ⣡˿һС̯漴鿪ڵʦ㣬һɣ
ã˵ŻŮ΢΢һЦһȥʯ۾һɣεĸȥһյ˼棬Сһ˳
֨֨ۡ
СӸһ֣վϱȱȻ漴Сצ࣬˵ˣɿܺúóԵ㶫ǵöŮһЦ
Сһɰ˵һ䣬С۾һһܵĻֻĴָСץǰ첲СԴǰ˲䣬һǵģ
ȿȣСһøʵ㣡֪ΪΣʯһСɫеӣеһһûָʲôѾľȻǰң
֨֨ۡ
СЩίĿ˿飬һͰ͵ı飬ʵСצץסؿڵ½󣬿ȥʯ𣬽顣
Űŵģǰ۸ɣ鸧ŽСԴŮĸ֮鷺
۸ڶװģʯƲƲ죬۸ҾͲˣ޷취ռ˰ˣֻʯû˵ڡ
Լһ˼һԼ߱ǳռˣ˵˭ţŪû˵Լ˼ʯɲûȤֻܶݺݵذ˽һۡ
ֻСЦеĿʯûʲôһӵʯЩһĹȥȻʯ֪ǸλãԼԴģ
һĻЦһṦСһֻС븽̻ʵĿ˱Ц߳ԣһһЩ顣
ʦɢģһ䡣
ӵԵڹɽң˰ΧʦɱУǿҳΧʦֵܣ¾׶༪ˣϾ̫࣡ɫһ˵
ڲûг׸𣬾ǲ֪ΣҪŲˣǾгϵһûʧҲܴﵽǰˣһûзԪֻΪɵġʯĵǳԶ
Щ鲻ǿˣʱʧɢ˾֮󣬳ǻġɫ
һ죬һ߳棬С꣬ҴҵĻڳһ޺ʯĻֱܣȴ޿κΡ
ԹСȻϴתʯ˼ҲϻҪţʯֽܳѵһСɫ
ףʯѣӣλӦǡӰɣ׼תȥ֮ʱһɫӰڸһȣȥ档
ŷ㣿ʯһ۱ϳ˴ˣϿνǱּɫȫţ츳Ҳʯɻŷ㾪˵ı֡
λѣǲڸһ˷żɺϣŷֳȣ˸Ķ࿴鼸ۡ
ˣո·Щƣ룬ʯĳ׼ϢһлŷѵĺˣʯԷǷе⣬Բڴ˿ʲô鷳
Ǳˣ˵һҾƹݣһΪٻ֮һھӣƣȻո·о⣬պȥٻģҴ˾ƻפף֮Чŷ΢Ц
פգ
ף
鵽Ůˣһִʻ㣬ЧǷж󣬱Ҳ̲סˣ׷ʯѯʵЩ֮⡣
ȿȣǼȻôãǾȥҲ޷γû˸ҵġʯζЦЦ۾ŷ㡣
ŷһ㶣漴ӦЦԭʯǵİȫ⣬ǺǣȻŵĵ̣λܷģֻҪѣ㲻˸Ϊʲô
ŷѵĿСѵ㲻֪ڹɽ֮飿֣ܲüһ壬еСӣ֪ΪΣ鿴ŷ㿴֮󣬾Ȼһ˿⡣
ȻЩţҸ֪ڹɽңĳѱĻԸǣ
ҾڹɽˣŷҲδػ£֮ʱᱣǰȫģŷԴ֮һư֮ɫȴһݡ
ȷŷʵҲֵýıǮ
ʯûʲôУϾŷһֱмӣֻᵽڹɽ¶ư֮ɫǾþȨɵһϰߣȻȻɢһֶصİ
Ǻǣŷˣʦֻǲ鷳ѣȻѳ룬ɨӣ룡Լ䣬ŮѽʯĹǡ
λ룡ŷȻһЦżŽֵһͷȥһṦǲӰ
ڼ˸߲ãȺмӰۼĸȥΪ׵һźۣĸݣڹɽ½˫ڡ
ٺ٣ϼһڿջ޷Ը⼸Сǿɸɵ㣬ȷǿԳٵڵӡ
شϣҲϷУֻϧγ̫ᣬĻ˫һʮԪϾӷɢǰС
ʱһҾƹǰϸ߹һңٻֿ̻ϣſڣҲŵһŨŨľ㡣
˿˫ûʲôƷƵ˼һ֮£Ӱۼ˫ֻ˭ҲûпԷһۣ··ϼİһ㡣
˵ؾԵӿջȻԶҲγϵ˷ִ˵ش򶷣ʱ򣬿Ҳֻܸʬˡ
ϷͲȥˣȥֱӻɱӣǸŷ㣬˵»Щ鷳ڹɽʱС
˶٣˫ԶǼ˷ֱڴڣԼǰźţ˷ܱܵʵ⣬ϷҲһ֮
ǣԪϾɱһ漴žƹ¥ȥӰѸٵסǰŻ
Զ˫һ⣬΢Ƭ̣ŰٻӽȻһĨ΢Цȴ˸ŨŨɱ⡣


ڶʮ ŷΰ
أأ
촫ʮӰɶƫĵ˫һ֮ɫлһ˿ã
˫ͫһ˵ֻǰӰһһŰ£ò㣬Щֵӳǰϴ΢Ц֮ɫ
ڹɽѣǺǣˣۣʵڲܵκδţ£깰˹֣Ŀ֮ɫ
ŷΰ˫᲻ʶˣŷصȻڰбŷ㣬˵ŷָжٸ֡
ŷΰʵʵڵڴڣԲǰԱ֮ɼʵǿ֮˫θǣ
Ǻǣʵû뵽ŷѲڼȻб󱲡˫۽һвãκα¶
Ǽɲͬ·ģʽҲͬǵ峤ֻһҲֻһصĽӰֻɣɫĵʤһҲںŷΰЦ
ԲӣҲƾ˻ɱӵģֻͬ㰵бĳ˰ˣȻŷ˵ˣĳǣ˫һ˦Щ˵˵
ͣҪвã´ŷ֮ˣǰȥڹɽɺãŷΰ˵꣬˫һ
ȥڹɽѵʱ򣿿ЦɵӶóвĻŷΰЦ滢ʼûзŭһֱЦӭÿ仰ĺ嶼ľ
ǺǣҲңĳˣǣ˫϶Цæ뿪˵أһṦʮӰʧȺ
ĬãŷΰЦݻʧ¶һĨмɱһζĻȡ

ٻƹݣ¥ĳС
þƣֲŷѶԴмӣʯ¾ƱԵһ䡣
ŷ΢΢һЦþӢۣƲãܸ㣿˶٣ŷ㿴˿飬ڵλӲ˾ˣͬͨҾơ
ԣԾԾԣ׷׿ʯһۣʯνʼ֮󣬶ŮƺڹƱƷһڡ
ʾü壬漴˫ĿһƺûԤеǰ̱֮͸¶һɷ㣬ֻе֮Уν೤
˾ζȻǰڼҲƷһЩƣȷٻ𣡡¾Ʊ΢΢һЦ˵ֻǺЦĵ˵ͷûж˵ʲô
ŷ˵εģʯ˾Ʊһ䡣
⵹ǣ³飬պ·˵أû뵽λǼΪͬУȻȥһЩʱգڹɽˣŷһЩġŷƱһڡ
ǺǣͷŷˣǸлѵʢ飬лһȥ߶һʯȻŷ뷨ǾԼվ
ʯѿˣ粻ƺһŷ֣ұ곤꣬ͽΪʯϵܡŷȻ׽ЦЦ
ҵʯûʲôϵ뷨ȻڸԼӦһɽŷʢ飬ʵʯͷԡ
ʯֵǿ£ǺǣҲգϾǻϤ¸ģֻǾʯһͶԵһЩϵѣǧҪ룡ŷƱЦ
ŷˣ˿ʯĳΣ֮УʵڲҸҲŷѣԺȶ֮ʱȻŰݷãʯŷײһ漴һ
֮µȷʹģˣʯܸΪ·һ°ѻгһʯˣŷ壬ֻҪڣԻʯһݵλŷƱһ֣صĿʯ
ԣʯһԭŷ£Լģ濴Լ˵ʵڵģʯûСƹŷ㣬һֱо˲򵥣ŷԼ۹Ҳһ㡣
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ʯᣬֻǽѣ¿ɲľŷ壬ȥŷ㵱ѣŷνǸӣֲʯöˡ
ǺǣʯĳЦˣʯƱ˶
ˣӲ֪кδ㣿ŷ㿴һ䡣
˿̵Ѻȵͨ죬ҲֻǴ˼⣬ŮǰȾЩߡ
Ҫʦİţ΢Ц
ʦѵŷЩɻ
ˣʦʦ𻹻ţЩϣҲ˳˳Ǿڸ͵ɣپۣʯվΣ˵
ԣŷҪ˵ЩʲôſڴȻ߽һɫӰһʮӣŷ˵ʲô䲻˫Ŀâһ΢΢ɨһʯˡ
ãʯѣӣӣǸپۣŷ΢˹˹֣һе΢Ц


ڶʮ ս
ŶǸǽһ£λŷΰŷ㿴˿ʯˣҲ֪ŷΰ˵ʲô
ŷǰʯ˴һкȻԷΪʯܸоһڡ
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ŷ㻹ǿӻ󡣡·ϣ΢΢һЦ˵
ǺǣӴȻǺԣҿŷƺЩ˼ʯΪˣƺʲô
˵˵ߣЩˣɫӺһʯĸ첲ʯһûлڡ
ã˸ǣߣȻ䣬ʯɫ΢䣬омԪϾߣԼĺ档
ѵȻûоʲôʯֻ߳ԶʱʯȻͣ½Ų
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ǰ˸࣬ԪϾӣƹȥʯ֪Զͬף֮ǰֻһɨǷ˴£ϾƽʱûǸû£ľʩչ֪ġ
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ֵ󷽣棬гڶ˼ԪϾߣ˰Χﻹа·ʯһãѵŷˣΪԼûмŷ壿
ڵʯɣߣڹɽʧ˶Ա죬˫ҪΪȥĳϵӱ𣬶֣սپ˫ûж˵ʲôʮһ֣һڹɽӱǳ
ȻڹɽˣǻģȻɳ֣ŵĵ£ʯо⣬ǴϻţνһĻĿ´ڣΪһ˾벻ڹɽ˻֣˼ʵʵڵĳˡ
ʯ˫һ৵һʮŻɫƮɶţֱʰŮѶ۵һһĽɫ֡
ÿ϶Žʮķ֣һĻ˫΢΢һ㶣ֱʿѧϰĵҲòⲻַ⣬ҵ⡣
ֻڹɽһɵӲûеʲôڹֺҲбʱʱ˷ǿһЩҪ˵ʯʮڹɽȣ
ʯһ˦ٴˣʮöɫƮɶΪһСĻһ׻˸Ĺһ޴ıС
ʮ֮ΧʯܴתȻЩش˫Ҳ۽һΪ䷢ʵھˣϵʩչˣȻ硣
ٶ֣Ҫ飡˫ԭûд㶯֣һһɵӴùģֻôһӣһ⣬СڰպȻ۶ɣʯˡ
һлᣬߣϻؿջȣҪңа취ʯ˿飬һص˵
ҪԣſҲû˵Ǳʯһȴϡ
ҪǲͿȫҪң˵İ졣˵ʯԥĵһ㡣
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ֻǰһʮɫϼֱԶȥʮڹɽӻûü֣Ƿ׷׼ƣֵʯӿȵķ
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壬Ϻ󣡡ʯ˿Ϊ˱ɹ˲ʲôߵĹأܲʲôˣһһѻɫ޽漴źɫնȥ
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صһ졣
ƽķɶǺɫĶ֣ȻҲնһЩ㣬仹Ǻϼһµľ㣬ȥ
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Ҳ֪˵ضԶľ룬ɫӰһǽǺŴ˵طһĻֵǣ˫ƺҲûзʲô
峤ͨԪϾֵǻޣֻ·ǷְһŷΰһȻ֮ɫ˵Ȼ˵ʯһҲûС
ԣŷüͷ΢壬漴ҡͷȻͷŮӵ´˻͸ʵŶԣĻˣҲŷѣܾʵġ
˻䣬ֻʯ˫һǰһŽӲӵԲ黯Ϊһɫ֣漴ʯϣţʯ˫һΣһɫСܼΪСǰ
Զƽһһ˺ɫǰӭͷһն
صһ죬ƽٴβбһɣţǺɫײɫС֮ϣһɫ󷭷ɲѡ
κεֵ֮£Ǻɫɾһ䶯صһײʯĽɫ֮ϣѿһźڽɫĴĿ
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Ȼֱֵܵһڶ治һЩϼһﻹЩ۹⣡ŷ㿴˿ʯĻ֣Ȼó˱
Ǻǣ͸ղһ֮뱣סɲܹ⿿һ֮ھѾ٣ˣȿ˵ŷΰȤĿʯˡ
ȿȣʱʯ˲ǵѪоһ󷭽Ҫ֮ǰ壬ټڽ֮һ۷壬һоͻ᳹ˣҲȫʹѡ
ʱҲӳһξ룬ֻŮƺ̫СҲûʯǵʵ¼ʲô
˫ֻһ˦һ󾢷紵ԼһͷɫͻŶһˣŮβɶӳ˫ġ
Ȱɱ·˫̧һ㣬ɫ򼷢һͳ˻漴ɫҰ׵ʯһ˶ȥ
峤ҿʯƺûм֮Ƿ֣ԶŷΰȻɫƽʵ
ĬãŷоâһݺݵҡҡͷôĻ͵ҿ


ڶʮĻ նɱ
ãŷ˵֣ŷΰûʲôӦֻǿʯ񣬸ӳ˸Ȥ֮ɫ
壬Ǽ°˰ɣŷƺЩĵһ䡣
Ǻǣ峤ģŷΰЦЦ΢΢˵ͷ˼ս
ںɫ򼼴ײʯ֮ʱȻһһöӲӵķ漴һСĽɫ⽣ҴһӴѹ
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ʱԼʵ㶥⣬ֲ峤Դ˹Ŀ࿴һ˵۹Ҳòˣٺ٣ŷΰЦЦ¶˼֮ɫ
߼Сϱǲ٣Ҫ֪ΪϷỳ˾磬ҵҲףҲһ
˫Ȼһߣ͸ĺɫ΢΢һ漴ʯǲʯʵֵܽɫ
ৣ
Ȼ䣬һɫ籣һīɫɽԶͬʱһģ֮£ӭײ˺ɫ֮ϡ
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˫Ҵ⣬ûսپŶͷһ㣬˫Ŀ֮â˸¶Цݡ漴˫ǰȻһӡ
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һ֮ޣȫ淭ſŵľְգƻạ̷̊́һʲôܾԱ֮ǰĺɫǿ̫ࡣ
ʯĿǰֻһ뷨ǾֵȻԴȻʯԸҪǲһֶεĻʯҲû취ʮǲ΢΢һа׻սǿ˸ΪһЩ
ʯʦܣߣҪˣɫ˵
֪а취ߣߣҲɫһ䣬˻ߵĺ
壬ʱˣŷڵ˵ͷƺϿɰЦЦо˿ٲ֣ʯԱˡ
Ǻǣòˣŷΰ΢΢һЦ
Ŷɽȵ˼ǡŷĻû˵꣬Ȼ˫ĿһС
ৣʯͷϿգԶȻն˺ɫϣľһ֣ûз֮£Ǳٵ
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ãγɱǣ˫ˣһ붼תܣֻֻǰһһӰȻǰ漴ɿݵؿһץ
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ۼһɫɽϯ˫˫һΣһƸպû漴һǶ㵽һԣܿγϵĹ
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ŷѣǿԳˣʯЩɻʱ򣬳ªȻһʯ˲΢΢һ㶡
ʲôŷѾȻҲڣЩ֮ɫ
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ȻϾѾ֪ͨλǰǣûмʱΣյĻҲԹ۵ģǺǣ֮ǰûг֣ʯѣӣӼ£
ˣʯĳ֪Щʯһû뵽ŷĻ֮


ڶʮ Ӱ
Ȼŷ֮ǰûг֣֪ͨλʯĳڴлʯʲôëϾ˼ҲڹɽԹûҪ֣ǰԼ
ǺǣŷѣȻˣȥγл˵
ŷΰ˰֣ǺǣˣǴ˷ֻ·ԵЩ飬ʱŷΰ˹֡
ǺãĳҲǿ룡γ΢΢һЦŷŷΰżһȭ׼֮뿪˵ء
ȺУɫӰƸˣŷ塣
Ĭãŷ㻺ڵ壬оʯΣ
ŷΰоâһ˼ӵ͵ڷâǲزۣպȻΪзģӦò谭ĵ·պһǿѣֵһ
ǺǣĻеˣֻϣĳɳҪ̫ʧȥ˽ύĻԵŷһ뿪ԵΧݷȥ

Եӿջĳ侲ڣ
εʵ̫ΣգҲŷǰͨ籨ţĻ˫˵Ҫкڶˡγüͷһ塣
ªһԣʯԼ˲վǰ
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ˣ֮˫ӦòˣǺԶ֪£Ҳûɳˡªͷ
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ֻЩ֣˵ңķһһֱûг֣̫أؼʱǲֵģȻЩֻҸ·ġªɫ
ŶðɣΣЩѾܲˣǸϿѰʧɢʦֵܰɡγɫ
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ʱʯżһ棬󲿷ʱ䶼ڸԵķչأгª򣬾һͨڣҲܱӵİȫ
γϢ֮״ָ̬øãҲо˵ӣȻûг׻ָ۷״̬ʵҲܱܺȵġ
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ſǽӵ˶Ǽϣʱ䣬½½ʧɢĵȫԵӿջס
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һЩϵӣ󲿷ֶˣγҲûЩ뿪һֱԼڱ£һµʱ䣬˵ؾȻۼϣʮԪϾӣӸʮˡ
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ʯϲǣϻҩ֮һģһҲԱϾԼĴڡ
ǲҩƪϣȻ𷽷òɫǸԼ֦Ҷ·ԱݲصȣʱǿͨһЩⷽʲôжҩ
ҩƪʯ˼Ƭ̣û½ɫС«˳Լ콣ֻڶ㣬Էâ뻤֡
ڵʯʵһ㣬ս֮ʱһ㶼ҶֶĿвʵڲ̫ܡ
Ҫ㣬ʯ˵ж󣬵һ뵽֣صĸԼҪ˷ʱ䣬ʯʱʹͷ
ϾԼоط壬Լƶݷصķ쾭ҪֻţҩƪҲˣ֮£ʯ׼һ£㡣
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âգӵܾҪһЩϴζսԪϾԲ֮ʱС«ԵЩ
Ҫ˵㣬ʩչӰ֮С«յĻȻһЩܣȻҲֻһ²ˣ
˵껰ʯ˼Ƭ̣һεĹۿ֮оʱ䣬ʯŽС«漴˫ĿһգԺתʼ˷콣㡮Ӱ
ʱ仺ţһתۣһµʱȥˣ
ԵӿջԺ˵ԭͱ˰Ȼ˶ƴ󣬵Ҳûжǿ𣬶ǶסǰԺϾԺֻ䣬֮ҲδԺ
һգԺĳ䷿һһŰɫȹݽʶׯӰ˳һۣ֮󣬱ǻصǰԺס
ŮƤ׾峺·ʳ˼̻һ㣬Ȼûʲôδ磬Ȼڸֶص崿ʣŮ֪ںԺ֣


ڶʮ ۼ
ºԵӿջĳľڣ
ªγ϶˶Уڳ˶ˣа˵ӰԪϡϡϡϵҲУ
ֻ֮гϣɫЩɫ̫ÿԪϣɫ԰ײѣȥƲӡ
ȻƶѾƽȣֻһϢ½١
λʦʦܣʦ㣬ԵѾµʱˣԵ˸飬ŸֲҲ֣æѰʧɢ֮ˡ
ԵԵһЩԼҰеĵطҲѲ飬ҪǻʧɢˣҲӦøϵˡγϿ˿ڳˣɫһĿڵ
ϵͷڲûʧʲôϣѵڱ׷ٵʱʧһ߾ۼеӣǰɣǵҲ
ȲҪЩˣԪϰ˰֣Ȼ紫⣬Ͼûۼ˵˵ˣڣʲôط˰ɣ
ԪϵĻȻмֵ˶óڰοңˣһԪأҲ޷ǰġ
Ȼʱû˻ᷴ˻
˷γ˸λҵȽЩ䵥ĳϣܱܿ˫˿ӣ˵ҪʧϺ͵ӡ
ԬѾͳһ£Ԥľֵӣҵص㱣֮£ӳ߳ɣͨӣԪϾǻʧ٣ŵĲɡ
ֻʣʮϣʮԪϾӣӣΪ֮˲ʮܼƲӡ
ȻӳĲֹЩˣеĿ̫أһֱŻû¶棬е˿ܱɢӵ̫ԶһʱƬ̸ϲЩͽ׵ɢڳϷֿͲۼ顣
һɽţ֮ɢ˶ϻʱ֮˲ǳ׵žۡ
ȻʵѾ㲻ʲôˣҲ޷齨һڶ֮УھǶĴڡԪɫ֣ص˵
˵ĶԣɽţԽԽ˻ع飬ټһЩ˼ڣһ۷磬ع鵽һ֮УǺǣһϵͷ
˫ĿһУֵǺ󻰣ҲᣬһһɣжӣҲܳŵҪԪС
ˣڴ˵صȸʱ䣬û˸ϹĻҲ͸뿪ˣϾŵĵ̡
뿪ţĿǰҲֻŰȫЩϵ˼ǡ۾һɣЩɲʵҲĿԪϡ

Եӿջĳ侲ڡ
һȻ֮ɫһöʯӦУƺڲʲôã˫Ŀһʯ
΢˼Ƭֽ̣湴һֵķӡǣ£ƺ̺ĳֹɡ
ϣڷһЩɫС죬ʮ֧ÿһ֧С棬̻һЩķӡǣϢ
ʱ䣬оַĲʱ򣬲Žֽ漴һɫС죬¶֣֮ɫΪһӡ档
һ侲ڣʯԵü⡣
һɫ⽣ŰңȻֻһõĽӰȴǴΣʵʵһ㡣
Ӱ֮ɢ͵âҫҶӨӨģԡ˴ԭһ㣬İ裬ӳŵ̹⡣
ʯڴͷһ֮ɫǰΣʩչ˶ٴεĹӰ֮Ѿʧȥ˵ʸС
ϧˣû취ĵ幥֪ܲС«ܣǣҵһ۵ļһ
ʯЩͷС«ȱݣȻÿÿʯ𾪣ÿζ飬Ժ۵ļһŹã÷콣飬Ҳ䷢ʲôܡ
ֻǣȥһ۵ļһۡۡʯһӣɫ⽣΢΢һ漴۵һɢ
ʯתֱͷȴʼ벻ʲôð취ۿɲôģҲ˵ܰ˭۵ģ˿еĽۣʱɲһˣֻһֱˡ
Ļʯ㼸仰ѱ֮ǿΪΪɱ˭Ͱ˭ëƤвÿ˯}Ļš
ʯʦܣϽ㣡ʯ˼ʱȻһʯĺ뷨


ڶʮ߻ ŽӰˣϣ
ϻˣʯЩԼʱۼ˲ٵڵӣֻʯ
ƿţʯ΢΢һЦʦֺʱģʦֵأ
Ƕסڸֻ˲أֻʣ˲ˣ˵һ飬ʯüͷһ塣
ǰڹǻкüˣȻձǰԪϾӶһЩѣֻΪˡ
Щϻˣģʯʵ
ڱԺĵ䣬ֻʮϻֱǡʯһ£ʯü̾Ϣ
ڣѾʵˣ
һṦʯһ䷿ſڣкһ֮Ƕȥһ˼ʯ·š
ɣϵ漴һɾϯű򿪣ԬȻ˳ʯ΢΢һ㶣˴һкʯ˽ȥ
ԬνڵʵĴڣԪϾܱסʯûʲô⣬Ͼ֮УҲԬӡ
ϣʯһݣǹʺһ漴ϣϣγϣϣϼ˶ڣ༸ϣʮˣʯһһк
صһ
Žرգʯһ˿ԼƺЩвɻ
°ɣԪϻڵ
ӲңʯɫһЦԼʲôʱܺͳƽƽˣϹǰԼֻվŵķݡ
ʯȻϿˣ°ɣҪʲôҪľۻᣬֻġ΢΢һЦʯŷſڴһϣһȺϡ
˵ŪһŹγһ֪ںδõĵҩɫһֱʯ˫ۣ·Ҫ俴͸һ㡣
ϣ²ϸ˵ֻŽγϣӲûġʯɫ
Ŷִóϣ㲻Ҫô𣿡Ͽڵ
ô֪õóʲôôֵϹֶԵкôĶõĽֵȲϹ
һϣɵ磬ʲôģУ˼ҲȲϹļֵҪⱾʯ΢΢һЦƺ˶Բߡ
Ҳ۹ԶĿĸԵʰɣ㲻£γϣϲ֪ΪΣЩ
ʯֵǣ۴ϣԼʦûһ˷ƺڵԼĻش
ϵ⣬øλᣬһŹһϣȷ£ɣƴȫûбյ£ܺϾͳγϣֻΪ£ˣ˭ҲԼ˰ɣʯõķһ䡣
ƴΪΣʵ
γƴػҵȣӶȻҪƴγϣûʲôԭһ£ӲĹȥĿγնܣʯһ˵
Բ¶֮ɫϸҪڣٴηʣγΪۻ뿪ҪŵúĻֵӡ
㲻ضԸܺ꣬ǹγϵԸֻǸ֮ʣȫԱϣ೤ϲüͷһ塣
øͷʯаһϵĻȷЩ÷˵Լ壬ҲǸˡ
ʯ΢΢һЦ˲Щɻ
Ϊ֮ˣܶͬżȣЩգĽЩܺ˻Уֻϧ˲쵤ʯЦЦ˿̲ýԼʲôֻҪ˵ͺˡ
쵤ȻƳΣգɫһЩɻĿʯ
С˵ľʵϾĳڳʯȻգǸ£壬ıҪܺв쵤ˣγɫĿڵ״βֹϣΪʯ˵˾仰ʯҲе㲻Ӧ
ʦ֣͵ɣʦֵ⣬Ҳ˸λвɻ󣬶ԬԼ˵ŽӰݣλʲôԪϹЦ
źѡˣʯ۾һɣʲôźѡˣѲǰһϹԼĿ飿Ԭո뿪Щˣ׼Ԭ顢Լ֮УѡһŽӰ˰
Ӱ˺ͺѡˣǲͬѡ˿кܶ࣬һӰֻһҪλõĴڡ
ʯз͹ԼôͿģͳźѡˣӴ˷ҪƾٳɽӰˣǲ֪ж˷ԣ֧֣ĿǰϿ϶ǷԵģƺ׼֧Լĵ顣
۸ʵʯȻǷȱһЩϾΪûдﵽԲ˵Ǳ͵ģ֮УҾͿԿó
Ż֮ʱնɱ˴Բаޣͬսνͣųѣܲȣν塣
˿㵽νЩֶΣĻ͵ŷ峤Ҳǻɱ˫⽻Ҳ㲻ԣϷһƾʯγɫһͷҲ̧˵һ䡣
ԣһƾʯ˼ϾԼĵӣԼõһſڣⱻ˵˽ģû뵽γϵ˼¡
ʯͶȥһлγȴƤһϣûʯһۣ⸱ʯϤİָֻǰγϣ׽ӽ
Ȼγ֧֣ĳҲ֧ʯϾӺǱһϿڵγϹϵ
ĳ֧ʯϼ̵Ŀڵ
Ǻǣлλ֧СͽڿڣԭϷҲд⣬ĸλ̫СȻˣϷҲͶһƱ֧ʯ
Ϸ򷴶ԣֻµӣʱ䳤ûʲôУһϷԵ漴˿ϡ
ϷҲԣһֳƽ˵Ҳһɵġ
Ŀǰ֧˷ԣȻӰ˲ͬںѡˣҪȫƱͨʵûнȨٿᡣ
ֻҪ֧֣ʯͿԵŽӰ˵λãΪٴĳȻҪ֧ʯǱĵӡһ˵
֧֣˷ԣֻдԪϡԼªûб̬
ĬƬ̣ªڵ֧ʯԣʯЩ⣬ʵʵɱ˲գ۵Ůħͷ
ŭһڵߣԪֵ֧ڱϿˣϧһЩʦֵڣûܷˣΪϣһϷˡ
Ԫоâһɫһĵϣֻʣ⼸ϣϣͲҪʲôϵˣŬǹؼϲߡ
ԣϷ򲻻ٿᣬʦͬ⣬ʦܾԲʯΪŽӰˣһ˲ϣҲɫһ


ڶʮ˻ ŽӰˣ£
ߣϷҪǲͬأ
ǾȥӴ˲ἰʯӰ˵£˶֤Ԫɫһ˵
ãȻˣϷֵ֧ʯϵĻû˵꣬Ǳϸϣ˲Щż
˵ʵʯǲ̫ںλãΪ֪λãõĲһǺôһΣ
Ԫϰ˰֣ڵʦȱ¶ۡ
ˣԵĳһЦ
£ǺǣԪɫһŲһȻȷһλŽӰˣֻϷΪϣ»ԣֻҪһλ¸صֲУ
֮λоâһһЩ֮೤Ҳ˫ĿһеĿŴϡ
ԪɫһڵʦƾʦΪţ
ʲô
ƾʦ֣
ôܣ
⡭
˲ɲҲסˣ˶û뵽ԪȻƾϣʯüͷ΢壬˼ʲô
ȷҪƾϷΪţҪ֪ŵȨֻҪŲ֣̳û֮ʱǴŵȨڴ֮ϵģ
ЩɵĿԪѲ̽ԼΪԼѣҪôĻԪҪʧˣߵ
Ȼȷϣһ˼ǵģȻǵʦ֣ʸҲǵǰˣҲǸһЩ
Σ֮ʣϷϲһЩ»ɣһְ붼룬Ҳʵڲְλ֮ʸģʦ㣬ʦˡ
ֻʦƽʱԸ£һְʦΪʺϣĸλҲᷴԣǡҾñʦʵǿԪϻڵ
Ԫϴ˻νдʣ˵޷ȻеԪϿ˵ڻЩز
ôѵ˷ԣԪɫһ˲ع
ȿȣң
ϵδְ֧ϵ̱ʾͬ⡣
ϿһԪֻϲۼĵ˵ͷ漴ϿڵȻƾ٣ĳҲ޳š
ĳԣԺɱʵȴ֮ܣڣºܿͱսɣγɫһ˵
ĳҲԣ
Ϸ֧֣
˶ѱ̬γϷԣªûб̬˶֧ϡ
γϵķԣϳû˿⣬ڴ󲿷˵֧֣ȴЩˣ佫ĿͶԪϡ
Ԫôʲô˼Ͽڵ
ʦһ뷨ڣ·ߵĲͬĿһԪɫһ˵
ĬãϻڵϷͬʯӰˣҲǲУҪ֤սֳɫǲϷֻʵֻƾԪ;Ϊ
ϻû˵꣬˼ԣϾԬ鶼ԪϾԲΪʯ˵УɻһڵԪϾ
޷ʯȻûˣͲҪΪˣԪһ֮еЦЦ
ʲô
Ϊ
ҵǰ
ôܣ
ǣʯӦһȱתһϢڽ̼䣬ҡһ䣬˾֮УΪһԪϾԲߡ
⡭˲еû뵽ʯȻȻ֮ǰûĵϸ̽飬һԪϾߣҲù߽ĸ֪
γɫһһȻ˵ɫۼʯսܺ꣬ǷսԣӦǴԲ֮
ʯ˵γҲûжʣڱǰγҲûἰȻʯȻԼ뷨Դγȴĺܡ
ڳˣ³γϣֻдˣʯ֪Ҳ£ΪԽӼ֮󣬲ĸ߶˵ġ
ȻˣϷͬŽӰһְֻҪţϷԶλϿ˿ʯ
ǺǣʯлһԪɫȻЦЦ
ӣлл֧֣ʯӦܿ죬ֱӸĿڳţҲ̾ʯ顣
ֻǣޣʵڲ뵣δְʯڵ
Сӣ϶֧ˣԼȻѵƲڣߣȻڽȣҲǶġ
£֮УֻҪŽӰݣǶҫûм˸Ҷ㣬Ϊݣڣ㣬൱ںԣ֧ϵһ˵
ˣʵޣ޷ΣĲܹڣһǳˣɣ
ʯ̾ϢһȷձԼõ棬ٶЩôֻʯҪ
ʯ뷨ܼ򵥣ֻҪһ𣬰ĹӣʱһΪоһ۷徿ʲô磬㹻ˡ
Ǵ˵ԼΪʯͷʹѣԭԼΪúõأû֪ԼвСĺô
Ҫ֪ս֮ʱԼʵĶ֣ڹɽ׷ɱ֮ʱʯͱԪ;׷ŴʯӦԣһѰҼƷ
һ¶ԲΪ׷Ķ֣ɾͶǴԲˣȻ˺ɱΪ˴Χ֮ʱʯǹ˲̫ࡣ
ΪԽĿԽС˶ϵļԽСǶĶΪҲܸߣգڣʯֻܰ̾Ϣˡ
޷ŽӰȻֻһҪĲãҲݣҪƻŹ棬ݣҲҪϳͣԪɫ΢˵
⡭ʯﻢ£϶ǲˣֻǿļЦݣڵӶлλΣһΪڳ
ãļƣԺһЩˣһЩӣײᶯ㣬ڣеִ£㶼Ե
ǳϣԺҲûȨⵯ㣬Ҫ㣬뾭ϻͬУϻһл飬ҲȨμӣҲѧϰһЩɡ
Ԫ˵ĺԣʯȻܵϽϣҲܲʯڼ볤һˡ
ʯҲһ£û뵽һδĽӰˣȻôȨ䲻һϲڵʴϣԺҪҪһЩҩֽǲþͳɣ
ȿȣЩǳϣҲҪģֻԼȣеӴΪɹѵһЩϾҪתάТǣʲôӣˣȻȥɡԪЩû뵽ʯʳ⡣
ŶǺðɣʯЩʧĵ˵ͷ˴һк֮ת뿪˴˼侲ңһȺϼһﻹоʲôʯҲûʲô˼ȥˡ
һ£ʯ߳˿ջ׼ȥתתһڷﵹҲƣֵмڵӻȺУеĶڰֵء
ף㣿̫̫ˣơܼȰʱһŰ£Ƥ׾һϢӭ˹һץסʯ½ǡ


ڶʮŻ Ԫ
㣿ʯۼĶ㿪˰ƣüͷ΢
ڴ˲İǵڹò͹ڵһĮļһ֮Ϊɻ׷ɱǵӦý
ҲʯҵõĲȱΪͽ׻ȻＸԪϾ֮˹ȥ
ҪǴм־ʯùһȺڣֻķۡ
ңѣնֽѵĸڧСŮߣ鼱֮һѣȥһң˵Щ˶ɱˣлȻΪʯ֡
ʯһǵõһվֹ˵ģԴԭӡ󲻴ֻǺĮɻʯǶЩִ
ȻܰĻʯǲȵģҪǲдȡ
ȿȣʵҡʯĻû˵ֻ꣬ӭһ׳ʮͷĿ࣬һֲ£ϴŴӣȴǴ֮ɫ
ԪϾԲʯ˫ĿһУһ۱ǿ˶ԷΪֲܽ׷ĵܣϾ˿̵ֻԪ;ڶѣٶȵҲ
ɻ㺦СδΣΣڵϦҪᣡ׳ȻЩɵʯһת֮£
ҺﺦҺ𣿵ѿңǳ׳ŭһ漴㵽ʯ󣬺ӡ
ȿȣǲɻǵĻ˼æʯĳܰ㣡ʯһ֮ǰΪĮ׷ɱû뵽˸ˣ׷ɱԭһҲ֪˶Ůӣ๼
һ
Ⱥ֮У׳Ȼûʩչⵥһȭ֮񣬰һȭҲԲܡ
ͬݰһתһ±ǳ˸ʯһĻö΢΢һ㶣Ȼ߶ĳֻڷһֵָṦ
ȵȣҰѻ˵ֻ꣬Ҫ㹫˵Ҫ˵ĴҾԲ֣ҪɱҪУʯͷԵĿ˿׳
ڴ˿̣ԶѾмԪϾӣŴ˴ҵģֻʯۼİ˰֣֮˲ûг
Ȼ񻹲ʯŽӰݣȴڵӣȻ˵ѣ֮Ȼòֻ֣ܰй۲죬ʯ⡣
λѣȻô˵ˣǲ͸ᣬѻ˵꣬ȻһĴ㾡ܴߣҪǷҲԴΪְһΣʯڵ
㲻˵ѰɣǿɲҪƭң󺺿ڵ
ǺǣȻᣡʯɫһ
ã㣡˵
ﲻ˵ĵطȥջɣʯ˵ŻŶԼķ䣬ڴ֮ͥЩ˵
һṦ˸ո󺺾ſڵλãȻǵߡ
˵˵ɣ£ʯ΢Ц£ţֻԱˣҲǴһĵʱɡ
ã˵ɫһܻ۳ÿʣȻûʲô磬ƾҶ껨Ծ鿴ٺ٣ǸӣŮ˵ġ
ȿȡ˵ص㣬ʯĳɾҪˣڿ̲סҪֵʱʯæڴ
ƺڻУһ»عڵúãǸ˼ˣ֮һ仰óƯҲһ飡
ƨɻƭΣڵϦ˵Щ˸ǿŶֵĳ嶯
ͣԹңǱһ飬Ը飬ԭĳһ˫Ů֮ʱͬʱá
ԪཻڣһΪ裬һ£Ҷ˶пͻƿ״ԲԪ;ڡ
ֻ̫̰ģʱȻ˺֣Ԫ̣ҵĶյһɶҹһ֮ǰˡ
ߣҪϧ񣬶Щ飬һҲûôһ޻ĻˡЩϧҡҡͷ
ãҡ㣡׳ƾҪ֣Լãǹ֮ҲˣȻԼõƷ
ס֣ʯһΣס˿׳һȭԺ䣬ʯޱȵӰ壬ֻ΢΢һΣǰȻ
ۿ׳˫Ȼһ𣬿һƺߵĵ˺üͨһϣ⻹ʯ֣Ļ´󺺾ҪЩˡ
ŭݲʯһ˿ɵ֮ɫٲҺҳ֡
㻹Ҿ˵һģ󺺺һ
Ļû˵꣬ͼŶ֣ĪҪɱڣʯֻ֪ǳ嶯˵ҲֻѹһѹıƢ
ңҲûɱڣ˵ˡʯ񣬿û˵
¶Ȼ֮ɫ󺺽֣Ȼ֪һ֮û뵽ȻʯĶ֣ԼǱ˴ȡ
ҪҵĻҲӡ֤İ취ֻһ֣ǵʵĿǰûӡֻ֤ĳûѣȻҲɱ㣬һӡ֤㣡ǰç򣬷˷ۡ
ǳ⣬ȥ˵û취ӡ֤ͿƲϵˣС
ֵ֤ʯüЩɻĿ
ɫһڵ˫ԭԪˮ齻ڣһΪպùǶʹͻƿ
ֻǿȻһ˶̣һȻԳܣĪ˵ԪϾԲҲһŵùȥͻ
ԣҸ޻ʱѹסԪɢʱһãҲΪǻͿ컯ˣ˭ô̰ĵġ
˵ô࣬ûἰ֤ɣʯһ䣬ͬʱһаȻ˫Ȥ
ԪϾԲкôʯܲģ
ֻҪǰڳԽԪȡֻһ֮ǰĴҲˣ޷ͻƿˣϧǰŬҡͷԵ˵
֣ûܾȻʱ򣬿󺺼æڵ
Ȼߣ˺ĵԺҲ뿴ˣֻҪڣһ۾ܿڵԪţ˾Ϳӡ֤˵Ǽ٣ɫ
ֻҪӡ֤һܰæʯһҪԪȡãǶԼͻҲкô飬ʯǾԲŹģֻϲûб¶
ֻҪȻãܽԸţŵɻĿʯû뵽ҵ


ڶʮ ԭһ
ǺǣţͲˣ˳£ҲûʲôھͻȥɣôҪ죬ʱǾҪ뿪ˡʯſ˵
ãͻȥѷģǼҾ벻Զģ˵껰ǼҴҵ˳ȥ
ȻڵҲҪˣˣǵϴߴһŮ飬ôˣ
ߣòҪ⣬ȻĻʯĳһܡʯڵ
һЦģȻѣҾԲֵģȻŮӣʲôԸĶв¼ˣȴԭһ룡
ʲôԭ룿ʯЩɻ󣬾˻ԭ룿
ɫԭ򣬵һѵŮ˾ԲڶĸԸľԲ۶˭Բᶯ飬ν򻨴йƬҶմ룬ҪŮˣǿŮˣ
ޣԲѣʯ˷ۣ˻ԭ˵οɹƭ룬Ҳ˵óڡ
ƭǸɹӺ͹ȴǴմһŮˣĸԸҶΪȥô㲻һ
Ҳûʲô˵ģÿ˶Լ뷨һۻƴƴĸϾȴܣֱɵӣ˻ԵˡΪȻʼ硣
ҪߣѲҲҪˣʯһ䡣
Ҳ湻ˣûʲôŮӣûطˣҡͷԵ̾ϢһʯǿûһĹȥĳ嶯
׼ȥģ

ʼʯ仹Щִһ˵椵գ˵ʵʯҪѧϰһֱֲӿڡ
ͨյĽӴʯعоִֹ˳˺ɫ֮⣬ûʲôɺ֮ȻҲǲʵһ棬Ͳö֪ˡ
ʯЩ£ЩʲôƺԿڵӣоһ¶һɴаЦݣӣԵü䲻Э
ѣҿϴŮྴӦǻû̫ĽӴɣҪҪֵܰ㣿ƺʯ˼һ˵
ޣ˭㣿ĵʯΪм漴˿ŴתͷһСʵȿȣǸҪĻô죿
һǸľͷ˵꣬ʯһ죬ȻԼⷽЩۣżڵкܶ࣬ʵȴûУƤӻС
˵Ҫ㡭ʯĻû˵꣬Ȼ
ʯڲڷϵ
ڣʦʯæվΡ
һŶ룬΢΢һ㶣λǣ
Ҹʶġ·ˣʯ˵ѣһ뵽ĴºţԶá
·ˣüͷһ壬֮ɫֹؼʱκεһʧ󣬶пܱΧȫû
ʯæ͵ʦģδһ˫ԭӦڣ󡭡
ʯŽһ飬ֻŮ˵δޣֻüһЩɡ
δޣȻҲǿԪһ䡣
ǰԿ̫̰ģôҲǷһǰְҾȾȻԪĻû˵꣬ϱǰִϡ
㾿Ϊ˾ˣΪԪüͷ΢壬Ȼ˽һЩҵƥ֮ɣԪҲǺ˭Լ
ңȻΪ˾ˣʧ֮ɫ
ǾͺãԪͲҪˣϷ֣ܰҪȡһЩôģЦЦ
ʱűһɴײ˿ܽͷ󺹵ĳһȹŮӣȻŮɫҰףһ̬֮Ȼǽ޵ӡ
ԪңǷùʲôҩ类ǹű壬ŵϣǶȥɣֻɨһۣɫƽ˵ʲô¡
λǰ硭
һأʲôûȥͳȥˣȿ׳Ļ˵꣬ǰһۡ
󺺴˿Ҳû˼䶷Ȼ˲Ҫģ£ĿͶʯ
ǺǣʦǾͷİɣȳȥʯ˵Ż˻뿪˷䣬ҲûԶԺȴ
һν˷ҪǻԼһףܽȻļ٣ڵضȲͣһῴſڣһᰦ̾
ʯɫƽȴ˼Ԫ֮Ȼӣ϶Щôֻ֪ǷռΪá
ѽɱˣˣ֮ǰλǰ˵Ļɶ˰ɣӦ֪Ҷֺİɣֻ̫̰ˡƲƲ졣
㡭׳ƾҪ֣Ȼʯ
ˣһ̫ΣգȻѾˣҾȸˣ֮ǰǰʯҾͳƺΪʯѣԵټãߣǣ˵Żҡڵſջȥ
׳֪ûж֣ʯν߶ԼûʲôӰ죬ֻҪԪ˳ȡͺá
ʱ֮󣬷һϵӰ˳
ǰôˣ׳۾漴ϻָѪɫһϢҲ˳
ûʲôˣֻոǿȡԪĲСѾһŰ񵤣ָһʱûˡƣ˵
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ܽڵأϿͷ
ǰʯѣҾһãǵĴûԺлᱨܽȻǣܽ۽ˮ
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޷û£ǿˣ΢Ц
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ʯԪôСӼͻƿļʣΪʦƳ֮ٸ㣬ڻȱټζҩʱУ΢Ц
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ңʦǰʯԶǵӣʦ𣬲֪Ǻ׼ȥѵȥܲʯоĿǰȫԳܲʵ벻ȥ
Ǻǣǽ뿪ݵ򣬲ȥѣǡˣʱ֪ˣٺ٣¶֮ɫʯɻ


ڶʮһ 򵥵ʽ
֮ʯ˸жʱûˣ֪ôˡ˵Żʯķ䡣
ˣƺѧϰ֪ʶֱֳֽڻһЩ󷨽ķӡǣʯ֮漴վΡ
㣬㲻ôƴɣ㶼ЩˣʯȻЩڣӦηŮ˷ģߣɾеŮңɼܹ۲
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ˣǾҪ뿪ˣ׼ʰһ£ʱæˣѵġʯȻһҲûжʡ
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ȻûʯɫģͷõģڻôˣӦûʲôģֻҪ̫Զûʲô¡
ȿȣ𣿡ʯͷ㣬ǸҼǵøĸ˵ǹʮҪ׵ڶʮˡ
һ㶣漴ʯ֮ǰĻһ죬ֺ˼ˣûȶȱų׵ˡ
Ƕˣҽסɣʯһ¿ˮ̵ı飬ƤĲߡ
㡭ҡɫһ죬ߵҪ׵ģ˼ˣú
ʯӲǰ˷䣬ϷźС࣬¶Ҹ۵Цݡ
Ѹ㣡뿪ʯ̾Ϣһ֮Ժ⣬żλͬţеĻкеֻǳʯͷһЦʯǵͷӦһ¡
еǻǣǲˣϾΪͬӣ򲻴кҲûôҪˣʯȻζĻص䣬Ŀ

󣬾ԴջһЩ½½뿪˴˵أ峿⣬Զ˾ס˸һƬֱԵ
һнˣпʮվǰһȻ֮ɫԪϴˡ
ʯҲȻУֻ˶֪Ҫ뿪ŵķΧȥʲôطͲö֪ˡ
ԪϿ˿ˣڵǽҪ뿪˵أһط½ɽţ֮ǰҪ
һ飬ڲһֲҸ˶λã˱¸أԣϻ飬һѡΪţ
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˵ľɲ˽ԣʯԵ൱򶨣Ͼ֪ϰ˰ֹ֣ͣ˽̸
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ĺȻֻǴţҲСֻҪŲ֣žǶһ޶Ĵڡ
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ʯ
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ҲûʲôɣʯʦǱġ
ԬʦֲԶˣ
˵ȻʯŽӰ˵Ϣӽ𱦣˴ţֻûʲôӦżֽкá
ྲԪɫһ壬˵̸ֹͣԼ俴óƺϵţ֮ϡ
ȻѾҾͲҪˣѾʯԺδţҪһ㡣
ԣǵϵӣִ»ǹ£һһǰҪУŷԸǵ飬Ҫ򣬾ǱڣΪȨ֧κˣ
˵껰Ԫɫһ˫Ŀɨˣһͷô֮Ԫϲ΢΢˵ͷ
ʯԺ볤ƽųУϿڵ
ǣʯͷӦһ漴߳Ⱥ죬һĳԾ֮ɫһЩŮظ¶СǣհĶʯͻȻʯôǰ˧ԽԽ˳ۡ
֪ôˣԪ·һЦ
ţĺһЩЩϾʯе
ҲɣԪЦЦ
֪ͨʯ׼粻ľϴһ׼˽ʡ
λʦ֣ʦʦãʯĳж̣ûʸλãҵӡкܶ˱Ҹʺϣ˵Ԭλʦ֣ʯĳ϶ǿܶࡣ
һͬʯĳӰˣ˵ʵʯĳѹ⣬ĲΪ֪λòҫһΣĻ
λÿƷ⣬ش󣬲ҪҷڣҪ׳λãͶһ
ǾǱÿһӣôҾΪŬΪȡԴгһǿȻҪȥڹɽΪĳϣԼеӱѩޣ
һɫʯ˵ĻνǵλʾԼݣѡˣҶԼе⡣
˵Լλòαװ˵û뵽Σⲻ˰ʯ۹⣬չŵӵЩΣ̾˲ٺøС
ἰڹɽἰȥͬţⲻȼЩѪһɫǺ죬г˺⣬ʯĽź
ڹɽ׳ڣ
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źһ߹һޱȣ֮ǰݼλŵҪһĻҲڳгϵԤڡ
ʯǰ͵ЦĲһУݽɿԼǺóģҪ֪ʯѧԣ
ˣҲҪ̫շ׼ȥݣԪ˵껰ǵһųһɫۡ
˶ԶУԪ޷ʩչۣҲһּġ
ݣⲻǻʳ𣿡ʯЩɻڶеĲ֪ڣ˽ˣЩɻ֮ɫ


ڶʮ 
һн˷ۣʮϽ봬֮Уһɵڼװ֮ϥеվڼװǰŵķ羰
ϾЩͽʿ޷շУһηۣǺϡ£Щ˾ԲᣬĹһµ羰
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ʯȻҲȨ봬գѡ棬һ䣬ƺʲô
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֪ǫ黹װ࣬Ż̾ģ㿴жۺģõƣҲһղʱһǲΡЦ
ôҵӭȢû˰ɣʯЦЦ
ȥȥȥ仰£ˣ֮ǰһνǼģҶżأӦ£˲ģֻһС˲ˣһЦ
ݽȻҪǰ׼øӣʯһ
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Ŷݽʱ̨ʣ˵ˣԺŷˣôʯתĿ
㣬֮󣬲ƲʱӦŮϲ㣬׷㣬ɵŮӶ㣬㻹ǵ𣿡ƺЩġ
ԭµŮ˶ңҲ㣬㣬ΪѵʱңѹʱһֱչңԣԲ㡣ʯɫ
Ļ㹻ˣ¶Ƭ糺죬ҪĿͿʯĻˡ
ţԬĳɷʼ⣿ʱԬȻԶ˹
쿴ϷݣҪܶˡ˿Ԭȥʯ׷¶ϷģҲ˹
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˸¶Ϸ֮ɫĿʯһɵӻֳϵܶվԬ󣬿һԲϣЩӾҶ֡
ԬͷȻŷԸԬͶƺһʯʦܣ֮ǰ˵ȥݣʦֺ֪ΪҪȥ
Ŷ⣿ʯЩ⣬Ҳ΢΢һ㶣ЩɲĿԬҲ硣
ʯʦܣ⣿ʦ˺ܶΣʵ벻ȥݵĵʦܼȻȨμӳϻᣬӦ֪һЩϢɣԬڵ
ʦҲǽ֪ģ֮ǰҲûʯͷԬ治Ҳģе˿еʧȥȤҡҡͷ
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ҲҴٵĵһޣûǴĻӦǶʳǣݱԵֱܷǣպýʳΧ롣
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ŶԭˣԬʦּʶ㣡ʯ΢΢һЦת˲ɻȥкιϵ
Ǻǣʯʦܣ֪ʳΪȹ̣ǲػҴݣһ仧Ӳ˴Ȱ˴ţִ
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ҪǣѾʧȥһǹвǵԴѾõںǣȥ˴ݣȻԱŻγȻҲǷɡ
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ʯνһʯǧˣһ仰ȻҲʼԴϣڳȻûһ֧֣һĻʯҲв⡣
ٻصԭַɣڹɽҲᶯ֣ϷѸߣͼȣڻƤ£׵ѡһϣǾͲҪˣԪü˵˵һ䡣


ڶʮ ڹɽ֮Σ
߰պ󣬷
ݱԵϷм䣬һտƽԭһɫԶٷ֮£˰ա
Ƭ̺ɫۻأӰ֣һ̧һ㣬ɫۼСһ֮£ǽ֮ڡ
Ԫϵһ֮ˡ
˵شĴӽмСȻûгǳػҲ쳣٣Ҹ߽ڶࡣ
ԾǣϢգϻһЩӣȥɹһЩƷγϸȥǣɹһЩ֮
£Ƚ˴ѡãȻʼؽڡԪ˵˵ͷӦһ漴һϥ

ڹɽɽǰ
ǧӰգΪ׵ˣϼΰԼɽԬɫȻûгֵ˼
ֻǧˣȴî˾ʹøַڹɽȻ޷ƣȴڹɽԴ
ϾÿɵޣһԴľ󲻹ƣҪԴ㹻޴߶Ļ֣Ҳֵô
ѣң幥ֵ֮õĺôɻ⣿Ԭ΢΢һЦ˵˵һ䡣
ǺǣˣǱ˵õ飬ƽֻԬѹȻڹɽƾң壬Ҳûж֡
ҾһҲû¶棬ѵأ˵ĻڹɽҲûпܣϾǿѾٲˡΰ΢΢һЦ
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ǵǣڹɽԪˣȻЩңɽûлսһܹһ´˵ءΰЦһչۿ˵
ڹɽڣڹɽǰδգ˵ά󷨣еʱʱ⹥һΣɵֹ
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ĳ谵ڣһӰϥڹɽźԶ塣
˿̵ĺԶ壬һϢָ٣ɫҲ֮ǰǰ԰ףµĻָƺת١
棬ƴϹվϴһЩ֮ɫ
ţ֮ǰ˵ˣõֿȥԱ϶ֲסӴսڻ֮󣬸ûϢʱһǵԴҲĲ𡣡ƴü
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Ҳ֮Уϼһ򲻺ͣ˷Ȼһᶯ֣ҺкӮԼң飬ǣɼµʱ䡣
ĻҪǸջǾͶ֣ǿڹɽˣҲõģػãҲʱ̫
ڹɽңǰ֮˭ҪǸҰ̫ãͿܱ˹ɹڹɽ˵ж˵ɽϼģٺ١Զ΢Ц
ֻƴЦΪ֪ڹɽѾֲ˶ˣ˭ܱ֤֮ǰɻ᳷ߵģ
ţڲЩ䶯ƴϺȻڵ
Ŷʲô䶯Զ̧ͷһ䡣
ԪϷһµΪţֻʣ˲ˣֻʹֱǡƴ˵꣬Զֻ˵ͷûʲô
ңԪһ򲻺ͣȻͦϣ˴֮λ˲죬ԪҲѾ޷ƿشˣҡͷЦ
˴ţȷԪֵ֧ģԶɫһЩȻ֮ɫʵ
ϢԿɿôкβףƵͷ
ԪԸӦò֧ŶԣԸ񣬾Իûϴ֮λɣķѡ
ԪǺüƲߣֱӽ֮λ˩ס꣬䲻òΪڳԼȻƹܴһְûԪȻܹ̣ù۴֣۹⵹ǺԶԶһ䡣
ƴ˫Ŀһ¶Ȼ֮ɫԭˣһΪԪ޷ѹϣѾ޷ƿشˣҲʲôвˣԪƺĻҪݡ
ȻһУȥ˴ݽɣԺҲˣܴﵽһɵˣղʲôӡ
ݣԶ״ɫһ˿ǰСԪˣĿ⾹Ȼ˳ԶϷ⡣Զ˫ĿһУһɻ֮ɫ


ڶʮĻ 仯뷢չ
󣬾յգ
ڹɽǰڱ˿潨һڹɽңԴǱɽϼӶһա
ںԶˣڹɽ֮ʣ֪ιʣȻ֣ɽϼڹɽ˶ԳԭҲǾڲᡣ
ڹɽҲʧأ½ɽţҺԶ廹һ˵Ϣ
ǾһѾڴս֮УҲѣϢõԶ׿ڳϣټ϶˾˾˲յõ˵Ͽɡ
ԭ׼ռңڹɽֻǿԼɽţңĵ̣ǱɽϼռΪС
˴ԺǿٴγְڹɽɲӺ淢£ɻ󲻽⡣
ɽϼȻߣҲʱʱɧڹɽ𽥼Сǿһ߶ѡ
ڹɽԱҲֻǿǿһЩѾڹɽһƴ֮ȻڹɽϾзԪԶҲһЩڹɽĶΡ
ڴսʼκҲû뵽ӮҾȻɽϼ壬ʵǿһЩ壬û̵κκô
ǲǲ붯ΪǼɵӮǿǷ棬Ͼֻɽϼ壬֪ǿĳŵս
ڹɽؽɽţձңӳϵʱ򣬴ȴͻȻһɡڣ
ｨɽţʵ˵ϣϵŵ£ܻ̰ͼȣϾϴԺսûҰĵġ
ڽɽ֮һҲЩǰμӵ񣬸һЩɣľ͸ӶˣһЩ֮ˡ
ϾڶԺٲ˴ЩڵʵԶһЩЩС岻òʾá
ǰν㼴ʾãڲ⣬һЩԴҲ֣ܲΪǶʧݣûʲô̫塣
ͬԴҲҪģ߲ͬһ㣬ڣ׵׵Ϊ˶ɡ
ݶϷһƻֺ֮꣬ߵĽԪεضֱܷߴֱ󣬲
һЩͰȥһЩṩϢס֮أֳ飬ԪϾԼ֮˾ס򣬻Ӱ졣
нܣһ߸ߵɫʯǽһСǰĽΧֻǰһ޴ŻϹһɫңͭɫ⡪ڡ
½ɽţǰѾ깤ڼڣҲѾ죬Ա·ϣԪһֲٰ졣
СͼĺˣǰڣõٻȻûһķɣڶ֮УҲǾصɡ
ͨദڴ󲿷ѾϿʯʯҲΪ¶ԪϾԲʵ
ֻһЩԬ飬Щñ˺õļǿ֮ˣȻ̫֧ʯȻϾʯǰţƽʱкһЩڣЩ˻ǲҲġ
һգʯմԪϴŨŨϲɫΪϽƶɣҽʯʯս
֮ʯ˿ԶֱӳԪϾӾסȥԭԪһɳϣҺλʯ׼ס
ֻԪʯסȴסϾݲͬ£ʯֻԪϾӾסѡһõĽҲȶ
ȻǹիһЩ飬㣬Ȼ˵ի̶ȣе֮жģȻ濴ͨͨ
֪ʱأٺ٣ҲҪȥˣܱ֮еģʯ֪ڱչأϲãֻԺڷˡ
ˣȻ˳ʯ΢΢һ㶣漴֪һɨ϶ʱ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ҲԪϾԲˣ̫ˣ˷չصȷǵѡ񣡡ʯæ֣˴֮г
Ҫȥչأһһ󷨵ģʱ㵱ţ㹻ִЩϣ㹻ƽĽˡ΢Ц
ʯ˰֣㣬ڲżģΪҪ˵ݣйЩϣֻҪóҲ㡣
Ѿ˽˵ҩ԰Ҳ˽רõģԺҪֱȥͿԣѾֵصӴк
˵Ҫϲҩ԰ʹãôĿռ䣬㳤϶ò꣬ҲûãͲˡ
ôδҩҪʲô°żʱɲóŵĵطҩ׬ȡɡҡͷ
ʯаЦ˶ΪԼŵݿСռ˴ҩ԰ҩۣʵˡ
ʯõĴҩͳͳҩ԰ڣռ˴󲿷ֿռ䣬ЩҩԪָʱ̫ãԿήۿ޷ɻˡ
ʯ۳˴컯¶ҩ׳ǽһЩҩѳ죬ֻһֱûüƵҩѡ
ٺ٣һ׬ȡķʽɣʯЦЦƣȨֲðײãܲ˷˲ǡ
׼ȥһˣһЩϣڵ
ϴҲִ°㹺𣿡ʯһ䡣
ֻЩϲȫͨǻԴΪɹĲϣҲĲʱȣֻԼٰˡ̾Ϣһ
ԭˣպҲ׼ȥתתǹʱһߣʯɫ
ҲãŵҲæɣʵ
ǺǣΪŵ£ǰ׼һЩҩϴζԸܺ꣬Լ˫ʱ򣬻ϽϵĴ洢ĹˡʯЦЦ
ҲãǷȻһóûʲôЧҲ㾪ˣǺðɣȥȱչһʱȹΪȻһͷ
áʯӦһһᣬص¶ʯҩ԰ժȡʮֳҩ֮󣬱ǽרõŲ
ºʯ뿪һ֮ɫ󣬹һЩֽ漴רõ
ºһɫɽģ֮£ǳԶߣվӰֱһŻ۵꣬һŰɫȹŮӡ
Ǻǣ㣬Ǹݣ˵Ｋ䷱˷ҪúתתУ˵һģһ֮ɫгڴ


ڶʮ ͯ
ݶϷһ˽ܵ飬䷱ٵС򣬴˵ȻȸǰɭϣҲûǰĸߴЩ۵߲ϣǶһҵõ
˵أ˫
˫СС֮һֹᴩСϱҲϵͨط֮㡣
һɫɫʯ·ʽӵĸߴשߣͭɫڸֽ֮ϡ
ֵԸУ¥ջҩż۵ңеſڰڷһЩƷվһͯƵÿԱһ߽š
ֵԱԵֱӾһЩֽ̯ǳԵĺȵõģȫеֱӰ˵棬е֧һӡ
СԵĳֵ֮ϣһһŮӰУ˿ŽֵԵĵ̼ңɫɫȺдһЩ֮ɫ
һ̯ԱߣϰһЩɫľΣȫһʽͷΣһԶСɵĶԼҫ۵˵
ŮӵԱ΢΢һЦһֻΣȴʽµΣŮ㷢֮ϡ
Ȼβ࣬һΣȻŮֵţ󷽡
㣬ϲ𣿡ͭǰ˶ţӣͶӰ֮ͭڣ¶һĨҸ֮ɫ
ˣȻǸոոϵ˫ʯ˿̵΢ЦŪͷΣȻûüش𣬵ϵıѾ˴𰸡
ϧϧôƯһλСӣôһĵ̯ǿϧɷС˵òʰ
ʱһŽ۵껺ͷɫƮֳһȣϻ滭Ÿ޵ŮӣһɦŪˣǿš
꿴ʮӣòӢֻЩȤ´ǿһˣһԼϲƷ
Ŵ翴һ۱ƳǸ
ֻҪǰģһľΣҲϲҲûпԷһۣʯ΢Ц˵
ٺ٣ϲͺãʯҲû꣬ӵܣǰڵϿĶˣһЩݣ
ιҼү˵أҿǲ뿪ˡʱź£̫Ѩ߸¡Ĵ󺺣ڸȺ˳佫ʯΧס
ָ֣ʯɫһ·ӯһֲֻȫͨˣλүҲſ
üһ壬û˿֮ɫֻпЩϲ
ߣǸʲô˭˶Դ˵ģһãŭż´󺺣Ȼ˿ʲô󺺶仰ƴӣæһ˿ȥ
ٺ٣˼λͯңܸʶǡλү¶һǷЦݣΪĳŶһЦ
Բҵƽգӽ˼ң㣬ߣ˵Żʯתȥ
ֻûͯүڣ׷ζȥ
һ˫ֱأʯǰֻҪͯүһ仰׼֣ʯڵء
ˢһ£ͯҽһϣʶ̧٣ߣ
ƺǽӵ˰ţ첱ӣ˫ȻʯĳһƣҴһХľ磬˺ɣһȥʯСӾҪϡ
ֵ˲һ̾Ϣ漴ҡҡͷû˸Ҷ˵һ仰λͯүȽ˽⣬Щͼֲˡ
ң
ʯ˫ĿȻһȣâۼĽ˶Էڣ̼ƿĿȨ
һĻУͲôһˡ
ֻһƸոҪ£ƺʯһ仰æͣڰգţתױĳơ
㲻ֹ£˵ˣȴǸԶԶ˵ԶǸʯ˿һ֮ɫ߳ȺԶȥ
һãȻ֮ɫϴһ˿֣ƺܿƣˣ¶ŭɫ̧ĳһƣǽڵء
ȥ׷ˣջ֣ЩɻĿ˿ϵӡ
棬˿󺺵˫ۣɫ΢΢һ䣬æֵȥϽҺʦ˶ûҵǲҪ
겻֪ΪΣȻЩɵʯһᵽʦ֮ʱϲЩģȴ¶һĨɫ
ʱңʯڽй䣬Ȼʯһ̧ͷһӻ̣ȥƺͨ˷ϵĵط
㣬ҪʲôϣʣûУҲԴһ̵λãʯɫһ֮ϣԼ䷢˼һ̣ڶ˸ոսȥãһɫӰڽֵңŶˡ


ڶʮ 
һ¥ӻͣʯûж࿴һۣڸһЩͨ˽ܻʯ¥ȣһ֮ɨ˶һۣǲᡣ
¥Сִͬһ㣬һһŵľܣڷŸֲԼע⣬ʯϸһЩϾȻֻǸӻõϡ
һĿߣмӰƺּۻۣÿһľܸмƣƺ׼Ϊ˽ʲô
λǰ֪λҪʲôϣһʯ˸һ˵
ʯЩȻˣûߣȻֻһƣ̱ϰ壬ʲôΪȹǹӶЩҲҪѲСɣ
΢Цóһ嵥ƿֱ֮ҡͷ˼ĲϣĳҪ֮
һʣ⼸Ѱ֮ͨƺѾռˣ⼸ֲϣСʵûУΨһһСԪҲոճ۳ȥ
û⼸ֲϣϲ֮ɫϾ򵽵ͱִ²ɹˣһۿϣʯĿ࿴ˡ
벻һƣ˼ʶ㣬ݿǲԻĵطʯһ˵
ѵλǴݵˣЩ⣬漴ЦȻûһǸ߽ߵԶݶ١
һЩ廤ǶȨһЩɢ֮УҲкܶǰλҪЩϣȥ󿴿
󣿡ʯɫһ
˫ŵǰʮһҲ̣Ҳ뱦ĳ˵
ʯһһСڴУ漴ơ
һһ⣬ҵȳ˫򣬲˽̻λãϣܸһϸϡʯɫ
Ƶ˵еĿڴЦһչû⣬λԵȣֲ׬ô飬ƻǺЧ͵ġ
ƺǾĿˣǻƲһṦڸȡһͼᣬ˫ĵͼһЩɫԲȦǣɫǳ̶Ȳͬ
ɫǵĵط̣ɫԽıʾԽ󣬲ԽȫɫһЩ߼壬Լɢ޵ס̶ҲɫǣײҪȥǡƽͼ̸ʯ֣صĸ
лʯ΢Цĵ˵ͷϸĿ˼ͼᣬ漴뿪̡
һſڣʯؾâһĿ˿ֿڴȻ󿪿ڵ㣬ƺֻӬٸǡ
оˣֻͨˣûʲôɣ΢΢һЦƺ֪£ֻû˵ˡ
Ȼûʲô£ǿŰۣʯһ漴˿ֿڣһӰպ̽Դʯһۡ
ţӰһͣ˫ĿãһһƺߵԵڵأ°ĭȥ
ιⲻͯҵ𣿡
˰ɣ
ҿүУãˣ
һȺϰΧǵӰָָáϴŽ֮ɫеǧ˼ڣӴƽʱȷûʲô¡
ͬһʱ䣬ʯѾ˱֮ڣֲǻƽܴ˵꣬Ȼ˫ĵ̣ȴǾġ
ⱦһ¥ȴһͨ˵ӰӶûУǽϹżѷıʯһɨ¶һ˿ȡ
ֻȻ̺һЩʹõϣе̺һ˿ԣе̺һЩԣȻ㲻ʲô֮ͨУҲǴëϷľˡ
ʯ֪ⱦĻϰǴ˵ͨ룬רߵ̣ǻЩϵͨˣſԽһ㣬ѡһֵı
¥װǺһݱǸоⱦ¥鱦ϷȫҴ˵ڷŵĶɲӻȫʵ
˵Щ±ģʯа뵽ԶһȻڣóϼȻһ̣Īƹ
λǰҪʲô߲ϣһ˽ǰɫһ䣬ʯ˱ϾԪϾԲΪʵҲ㲻ˡ
Щϣ嵥˳ƿ֮ü
ֲϣСֻ֣֣Ҫ̣Ų嵥Ŷԣ漴嵥
Ƭ̺嵥΢Цֲֻϣ
Ǽ۸⣬㾡ܿڱǡʯü
Ǽ۸⣬ֲϱȻûУҪǻܸ㵽ģֻҪһѺС
еĲϣһ񣿡ʯʵ
򣡡ɴൽ
򣿡ʯüͷһ壬û뵽Ȼȱ۸񻹸ߡ
ֻǴһѺҪǲϴ룬ҪУ˿ʯ
ļ۸񣬶ƫԶһЩԪϾ֮˵ȷõĳ֣ɢһ͸ˣݲԻĵط˵˭ʲôңȻҲСƶˡ
ãɽʲôʱȡϣʯҲ˷̫ʱ䡣
һգգڸס£һϢһ֪ͨġ΢Ц
ʯһһöԪָУպװȡ֮󣬽ָʯ
һֻУһöУ΢Ц㹺Ĳϣȡϵƾ֤ǧҪŪˡ
ãǾڸġջס£ȥǡʯ˵껰뿪˴˵ء
ջ䰤ŵķ䣬˵Եģʯķһ߳ŷһʲô
ۣ֨֨
СƺЩԹָŶ˵ķˣƺԼ̫ϲһṦһˮЩǽרŰԵĶ
Сһ¸ˣʯ̻ʵĽ飬һ߳ŷ
˰֮ǰӢ֣ôһƿԣһ䡣
˵ҩӢֻһЩСֶζѣֻһ㼸ʣҲǶƣû˾ܾ
Ȼ˵Щ˿ƾ֮ףҾûŪڳƿһЩԴ˷һǴһϢɢɢġʯЦЦ
ллЩжû˵̫໪
ʯҪ˵Ȼüͷһ壬ţűصһ߿һŽۣòӢֳȵ˽
ٺ٣ǹȻʦǣӦҲߣ˵껰һźۣݵӸ˽Ȼһߣ


ڶʮ߻ ѵ
ʯ˿꣬ͯͯү
ʯû뵽ͯүȻһߣһһԪϾԲĴڣǺһϢЩ죬ӦĳĹ챦
ô˰֣ΪͿΪΪˣʯЩϷ֮ɫĿͯңƺûп£Ͼͯҿ˵Ϊ
ֻǺ꣬ɫΪѡ
ͯүҪҵˣ꿪ڵ
ְɣеֱɱˣŮĸ£þûŮ޵ζˣٺ٣ͨ˾ǲһͯϴаЦ
üͷһ壬ûֱӶ֣ڵλ֪ǴӺδ
ǸʯĳزʶûҪش⣬Ȼ˷ͯүҪҵҲ׷ȥˣʯɱһɱһˣ˵ʵ̫򵥲ˡ
ɣͯҵɲ򵥣ͯүֻ޷ȻֻͨˣʵҲǵģº㣬ʦԶˣӦ˵ɣԳƺ꿴˿ʯ
ԶˣûʲôȻҴ⣬Ȼװ֪㲻ɱ˷ҲҪһѵʯ˵ŻƾҪ֡
ͯƺҲ˲ԣоԼҵİ֣пܲǰ˶֣Ҫתȥصһ
ţʦûߣҪ˼ԹСѱ˼ҿڣɫһ
ۼԼѹסʯæԼʦֻϧʯûˣ˵Զ˵ʵϣʯЩá
ֺηʯûɫ׼ͯһѵûʩչκηĳһƣȴһɾ硣
ȻóͯȥһƣԶԼͯұҷϣȻԶͯҵĹϵԼһٸԸҲҪְġ
뵽㵥һ죬漴ͯǰһȭʯ
صһ죬ɫһ䣬ŵŵŵĵ˺ü漴˦˦첲һʹӣʯǰһ壬һͯҵؿڡ
°һ죡
һѵ˳ͯҰһҽжûü²ʡĻȥҪǴ˵ز죬ʯͲأֱӽնɱ
ˣҲһ֣ۼŲʯ˵Ķ֣ǵûٳ֡
ãѼȻѵͯүǺĳ͸ˣ²ʡͯң뿪˾ҡ
´ΣԸԲˣʯĳһɱʯɫһһ˦֮£űǹ
˰ûôȰ˵һ䡣
ôͳˣ˵ʱҾͲǴôˡʯʼ磬˼ԷСĶӣವһʯڡ
Թһᣬص䣬һҹ޻
ڶһ磬ʯ뿪˿ջջƸԼĵͼʯһҩ̶¥һƼæǰѯʡ
ǰҪʲôƹ
㿴Щҩʲô۸գҪǼ۸⣬һ㣡ʯһ䡣
ʯϣòΨһİ취ڳһЩҩԼòϵı֮ǰЩ͹˴ҩֽˣûгۻġ
һ漴תøһƹ߿˿ʯڵϾȻнõҩ
겻ռˡʯЦЦ
Ȼգٺ٣۸ҿҪ˵ϵҪһЩϾǻҪЩռ䣬۸Ѿдá߽嵥ʯ
Ŷ֦δЩ˰ɣʯһ
ǺǣϷԸ㣬۵֦ҲֻһѣҴݵ֦Ȼ˭ʵ򵽣Ҳʲôϡ֮
ţԳȥתתϷļ۸ٻҲ١Це˵˵ѵӡ
Ȼƹ˵βŵģҾͽЩõĵҩ۸ǺˡʯһһöԪָС
߽ӹָֻ΢΢һɨ¶Ȼ֮ɫû뵽Ȼ˶ĵҩǺǣСǻɱĳλҩͯߵʦ˰ɣȻ˶൤ҩ
Ͳƹˣҩˣǲգһһҡʯ΢΢һЦ˵
ǺǣȻҪգ񣡡˵껰ֶһöԪָʯ֪һɨĿպöԵϣ漴ͬԪָ
˵ԪָƽȽҪƷȼۣҲһˡ
ˣ֪ĲԼϢʯһ䡣
һ㶣漴һЦɲõģʲôϷһ֪ԼǱĲϣҲ
ҪҪֻȥῴ˫һЩҩ̣Ҳ۽׵ҩģͬ׵˵ҩеĳۡ
᣿ʯüͷһ塣
ϡеĵҩȻҪģ́߼۸񣬲ܳ۵ģ˫żۣǾֻȥǣͳǳؿˡ
ֻһļ۸񣬺ٺ٣ϷС㣬ȫҵһҲŵҩЦЦ
лʯӦһתȥ
õˣĻҲôٵڣ̾ϢҪȻʱƿʯԿԳһˡ
һ·ϣʯһ˼£⼸ǰ˲ٵҩ̣һֱûϢ󲿷ִҲƹ˵Ĳࡣ
򲻵лȥתתҲã볤ʶ˽һ飬ʵڲУȥĳǳؿʯ˵껰Ǵȥҩ̡
֮ǰ۵ĵҩֻʯϵһֶѣʯɲһó̫ĵҩⱻ˶ϣ֮ǰֻóһС֣ȻҲƹЩ⡣
ԺҪּҳ۲źãٺ٣ʯ΢΢һЦ˼̣ŽϵĵҩһЩòϵı۳ȥһȡ˽ʮ
죬ʯȡ˻ʯ˳㹺һЩҩϣ˫һ£׼뿪
㣬ȥŻ忴ɣʯû׼ɡ
Ҳã˵ͷ˵˵ЦЦ˫Ե
վסͯүѵһ֮ɣߣʱ˺ߴͯңڶߣߣͯƺ˵ʾĿʯˡ
ͯүȥѵһ°ɣϷҶ֣սپϷܵѻЩȥ˵ĻߣǺʦԶˡ
㣿ʯû뵽Ҳ㣬⣬ⰡʱԶߵһߣĿʯкε¶ɱ


ڶʮ˻ ͷ
ܺꣿʯû뵽ﾹȻܺ꣬˵ǴݣڹɽҲ֪жԶ·̡
ܵѣĪʶĻϷ򵽿һԶЩɻһ䡣
ʶȻʶԶѣǵԺȥȥͯҵңҺСһɣܺ΢Ц˵
ŶǺðɣܵѲҪ£ҺһˣԶ˵˵ͷ
ңѵô뿪ɣͯЩˡ
Ǻǣͯүѵеʱ䣬ܻܲĹ컹һģ߰ɣԶ΢΢һЦȥ
СԵмֵˣʯɫܺûƣԼǰߣƺ̫ʵ
ûγϰæûʱ䣬󷨣Ҳûʱ䲼ãʯܲżģ
ǺǣСӣ㲻Ǻܰ㵽ʱܰϷ򿴿ôӳϷĵģܺһϷ֮ɫĿʯû
ʯһ漴Цٺ٣ˣٴʧ㣬ץǣʯЩмƲƲ졣
ܺһ㶣漴ЦСӣδ̫߹ˣϴҪϹڣΪлӵҲգȻģϷܣȻȥ׷ǡ
棿ʯ˫ĿһֻһֱüͷܣҲӲܺģǱϾһڣһȫʢʱڵ
ߣЦϷҪ㣬ܵҲӳҵģܺ˵꣬ʯ˵Զȥ
˲ûУӳһξ룬Զ˫ȺżԦɶݣʱܺһЦЦ
ߣ֮ΪϷϵֻ˶ӣ㶯ְˣϷʩСƣǾ뿪˫򣬺ٺ٣Ǿͺðˡܺ˵ŻǻһӰڵӳ˫
ԶʯԼԦűڷȥƬ̺ʯ˫Ŀһ
㣬ܺĿңԼȻصڣǷͷܡʯһת׼ŹŻȥ
ȵȣҲֿģҲҪһ𡣡һᶨ
˭˵ˣҪǻʲôģкܴİߣҪǴĻǿǾͶҪڴ˵ˡʯɫһ
˻棬аӵЩ֮ɫ
㣬ûʱ俼ˣϼһѾ׷ˣúñأʱһص㣡ʯδ䣬ǼԦŻƽһתݷȥ
ҲѶ֮ȻǵʯҲڲȥһҧȫ߶ɫ籣ڷȥ
ͬһʱ䣬׷һܺȴһ£Ի˻ת׿˿ͬķ򣺡ȻֿܣߣΪӵõϷĿ㣬˷޷ѵ
˵껰ܺ꿴˿ʯߵķ΢΢𣬱Ǽٵ׷ȥʯ෴ķܺԽ׷ʯԽԶ
տʼܺ껹ûʲô֪ʯֹı£ŵɶٶԶԪϾֻʵڲֵһᡣ
׷˲һᣬڿҪӽʯʱܺѾʯӰֻܺǼͿԸϹȥ
Ȼ䣬ֻʯѪâһʢһѪɫ˿һƣȻΪһĻƣ͸Ѫ⡣
ãа޻аı֮ǶЩϵֲӵйŴͷϷûߣܺ˫Ŀһæ׷ȥ
Ƚӽֻصһ죬޴ĻƱѶʯӰʧܺͫһæ˫ۣӦʯλá
ɿ⣿ĶݷҪǽ׽˵˶ݷҵˣߣܺɫ΢˿ҲҴ⣬ΪʯֻҪΣͿԳӳԼĸ֪Χ
һӳ֪ΧǾӳߣʱҵɾûôˣܺЩأӿ˼ֶ٣ʯڷ׷˳ȥ
ֻһֱûʯʩչȶܺһٺ٣ȻҾ˵ֶʩչģľԪ۲ССӣһĲġ
ͬһʱ䣬ʯɫ԰׵һɽϿռӹ»תѣӵĻƽʱ򣬵Ȼ˲ʲôˡ
ƶݷȻͬа˵һǰ벿ֻһЩŵ벿ʩչһΰɿ⣬һԪʵӴ
Ҫ֮ǿһЩ¾һҲܲס˲ưԶֻ֮ǡ
ʯΪ⻹˻ƶݷ֮״ʩչƴаһٸ룬ؼʱ̲ҪʩչʵһȻܳܵסĵĲԪʯԳܡ
ʵڲȥаѾòˣһ䷢֣˵Ҫʲôҩ
˵ڻûϼһ˵һңϾ˷һöͷֻǼ㲻ȥܺ׷ʯֵ˵
ӲˣϷƲ⣬ʩչǵȶͻ·ûУʱܺ߹
ʯתһܺӰԶߣϾ׷ӣһʯ¶֮ɫ
ţʯһҧת֮£ٴʩչ˻ƶ˲䱻Ѫâư漴ȻһըѶͬ¥ɢ
ʯӰȴʧ
Զܺ꿴ȴû˿֮ɫΪȻû׷ȴĸӦʯһϢ½٣ʩչ˼Ƚ
Ҵ֮£ܺһᣬȫɶ׷ʯΣܺûǿЩеĺãҹζࡣ
ţܺɫһʯϢȻ˲ʧٴγְ֮⣬ﵽܺӦԵֻҪʩչһΣͻ᳹ӳܺĸ֪Χ
Ȼʯȫʢʱڣӳȥ֪ΧҲûԶݣܺҲ뿪Լߣ⡣
ߣܺ굥һͷƺҪʩչʲôͨʱȻͫһʯȻʩչһλƶݷһŲƳ˰ɿ⣬ӳܺĸ֪Χ
ã˷ԲӵܺɫһоʯӦûˣӳԼĸ֪ΧֻҪԼǰɶһᣬϾܸӦλá
ʯͣʩչȽǾǲʵģܺ겻Լ˰ģֻһֱɶãʯʧĵطҲûиоʯϢ
ܺɫ漴ݹһڷԲɷΧڶѲһ飬ﻹʯʯӰӣ䲻ں
ƾĶӵõƴҲʩչһдͷֻжٴͷ̣ܺڵĳƣ֮
ʯ´һʱ䶼ûУҪʬΣܺһŭȣ˫Ŀ΢΢죬漴ݹһԶߡ


ڶʮŻ 
һºһƬ֮ϣܺȥĵطһƬǽ壬ʮĿĵӡӣڵޱȡ
Ҳ֪˶ãһӡָм䣬΢΢䶯ţһֻĴָСĽɫСȻ֮¶СԴ
һ¶ͷĴã֮󣬲Ųһ˳֨֨۵Ľиͣ
ɫССצؿڣ˰ƺ˿Щµӣһƨ˵棬һâһһ´ص
һʱңĳ΢΢һΣͬˮţһɫϼ𣬻ɫϼڰŽɫСһɫӰнץһöɫܴš
߸棬·ǻָɫС̧һɫϼʧɫӰ˵档
ʯ飡
ԭһǰʯʵڲԸȥаðʩչλƶƴӳܺĸ֪Χ󣬼æСʩչݵ֮ʯ
ʯ̷˼ŵҩƺ󣬼æʩչ˲ȱһϢΪһʯһ㣬ƾܺ꼸β鿴Ҳûзʯټ
ȻҲڹŻ壬ܺʶʯʩչͷ˷ʯ˿ʧȻ뵽˴ͷ¼˿Ҳû̫ϸ鿴ʯӹһ١
ʯҲҴ⣬һֱץŴͷһܺ귢Լʯԥļ㲻аǱסҪ
飬̵޵ľˣȷʵЩôݵ֮ȷʵʯɫҰ׵ЦЦ
ۣ֨֨
Сظһͦ˼ӺʯĿ佱ݹһɵģʯҡͷֱЦ
ֻ̫󣬿һʱƬԻָһΪˣң˷оԪҲ࣡ʯü̾Ϣ
ԪϾճԪ࣬ҲңԪϾҵԪ˷ʯоֻʣ˲İԪ
ȻѾܲˣװһ˭Ҳܣһ갡˭ܸ˵
Ĭһᣬʯ̷˼ŵҩ漴ٴϢ˰£ɫ԰׵뿪˴˵أֻûУΪڵʯ֧Ų̫á
£ʯֻܲи·˾ϢһڼָһЩżоЩ֮ʱʯŸһʱ䣬ȻٻɲС
ԭͿԸϵڵľ룬ʯӲǻһ£Żصڣл˳Ҳʯİοˡ
ţ
ţ
һ·ϣڵӹشкֻʯһӣϽЩɻ󣬿ӾƲᡣ
֪ôˣӦúܵҰɣҪżʯ׼Ʋٸϻģ·ʲô⡣
һ·˼£ͷӦڵӵʺʯڻص˹ի
㣬һˣʯһƨϣҵ˼ҵĸоֻЩȫУЦݣʯĸ
ףڱչС飬ȥʯʵˣԸһ֮Сʯڴ˳ƨƨߵĳŵ¶ȥ
һṦСֱҡͷ˻ʯԸֱܵķ䣬ţС齫ի˸顣
һ
СʯǰϣСԴҡĸ˹һгɻƺ˽뷨ʯЦЦ
ǳȥʲôˣ׼óԵأʯСԴ΢Ц
֨֨ۡ
һ˵ԵģС鵱ʱ˾ϴĽиͣǸˣʯҡͷһЦ
ţ˵ˣʦԪҪ㡣ʱ⴫
ðɣʯ˵ͷ׼С飬һ׼ԵģʯͬУӵ²
ðɣڼҵ㣡ʯ˵꣬ת뿪˹իС̵ĵ˵ͷԵľ˿ˮҲ֪ǶĻǲġ
ˣʯһţЩʯӣκһ˶ó㡣
֮ǰܺ꣡ʯ赭д˵
ʲôܺꣿֲ֮أܺٴӳһҲ̫ˣŬŬ죬ƺʲô˵û˼ʡ
ʲôʦֵܣʲô龡ܿڣµġʯ߱ʵ
˼Ƭ̣ڵûһͬĪΪ⣿
ʲôʯͣסΣ˫ĿһɵĿ˵һֱûл
ֵˣҡͷһֱͬһֱûлѵΪӻˣǲһܺģȻ
ˣ㣡ʯ˫ȭһգ˵ܺϹû׷ԼûлǺܾܿǱܺץˡ
ϹôԶ㻹ûӵĵУһҪ취ȳ㣡ʯ˵ŻǼӿŲԪ
ʯˣϵƣϿһ䡣
ԪڣԪγϣϵȼ˶ڣϿѯ֮⼸˽ǽʯܹĵӡ
λϣϵܺˣڻ·ϡʯŽһ飬겻ѡ
㾹Ȼܶܺħƣϴ⣬γֻоâһȻ֪ʯʵȻҲЩš
úúããúƣҪˣҪʲôϣִ´ΪɹáϹе
ʯ̾ϢһԼܲܲҳŵģ񲻳ЩҲ޷죬Ҫһ㣬δʯܰ
ʦϣҵδޣҲҪȳϣλܰһʯɫһ˵
⡭üͷһ壬γҡͷ̾ϢһɫΪѣûп˵
Ĭã̾ϢʯӦ֪ڵѴ޷ڹɽֵģֻȥƽҪˣֻˣܺϡ
źսҲԲͬȥڹɽ鷳Ͼ˼һзԪ򣬸Ĵڡ
ΪڰȫԲڹɽгͻǸǹڵĽڡγҲԡ
˵Ĵ𸴣ƺʯ֮У漴ڵȻλ޷룬ǵӣֻԼȥһڹɽˡ
ףΪţҪǴ֣һȥܺԹܷŹġϼæԵ
ʯɫһɸλϹգҿԼأԣΣڹɽ֮ҲһҪȥͷλˣǣ˵Żʯ԰׵ϣ¶˾Ȼ֮ɫ


ڶʮ 
ʯִȥڹɽܺ꣬ܲĿܡ
Ԫ̾ϢʯʢԣĪҪ嶯ˣûۼץԻҪӳĺá
ûʱ俼Щˣ㲻ܺҲҪȥȷһ²У϶һ죬Ϳ׶༪١ʯɫ
γüͷһ壬ڵ֮Ų˻ˮ
˶٣γϼϷ˽壬ͬУȥڹɽܺʸףȻһȵĳˣ٣Ӧܹסİȫ
лγϣʯЩ⣬ϴŸм֮ɫ
ҲգϷҲ˽ͬаɣ֣ص̾Ϣһûб̬
лʦʯлڳڹɽӦòĻͻٴˣϾ֮ǰѾȥˡ
ҲãǰȥҲ˽ˣֱǰȥҪ˼ɣȻһύˣ֪Ѿͷ䡣
Ǽס򲻿ɳ嶯˷ֻѯʣɶֶǿʱͻʯϻЩƣȷõҩϢգһѾͷµ⼸ϻҲǰһˡԪϸ
лϣʯЩݣȻûΪԼȥƴλϼԼ٣Ҳһּҵĸо
ؿŵҩȥɣָЩôԪ˵꣬ȡһֻƿʯ
ʯ뿪֮Ԫϻҡͷʱƶ̫֮壬ʵҲǺôԣ˼ĵ˵ͷ
ʯصիû˵ֱӽ˵¶չ˰£ϵȻûȫתһļǹʯճأҵ˼ϡ
Ҳûж˵ʲôûг֣˭ó϶ǳ⣬˼˰õļƻγϣ˴ʯһ·ڹɽȥ
γԭͲϲ̸ʯأҲû˵ʲôһ·˳Ĭԣ߰󣬲ڹɽɽš
ؽڹɽոȻһ£ƺǰɻֺ룬ֻ˲ŵ㣬ڹɽЩ䵭
һܺܳϡɽǰ˵˵һ䡣
ʲôڵˣԵȣɽſڣֵصɫ΢䣬ææ˻ȥ⼸һ֮ɫļǿ
ϣγϣʯվڹɽſڣԻ£ڹɽ
ԶһڷɽżͨˣʮӣյĵӣΪ׵һˣһԪ;ڴڣʯˣܺһ
ʯʲôɣΪǾͲҶˣЩɻĿʯһԡ
ߣȻҪˣʦϲݾȻǿŮӡʯһˣǳûܺһ
˵ʦǰʱץŮޣС¾ȻϣЩˣ֪ܺץкݡ
ʲôȻǱϹץˣʯһ׳ղС
ݵúԣϿЩСһﰲסȻЩ֮ǡʱܺڹɽڼûЩꡣ
Ϲ㡭ʯĻû˵꣬Ǳϴϡ
ǺǣܵѣþòϿ˵
ѣεѣǾôҡڵڹɽͲҽ£ܺüͷһ壬漴һ֣æǼͨ˽ڹɽ
Ǻǣɽսѽɽڻָ׶ΣŻߴϣԲϣ˵ġһ֮ɫڹɽ״̬иԪǿȥ
ߣܺһȻ˵˵ϣ漴΢ЦĿ˿ʯôģ
ܵѣϷĵӣǻɱϷ򣬶Ϸһ£ɶȻˣϷ㣬һŮӣǱץֱԲʵ
˼Ҵˣĳûץʲôˡܺʼ硣
˵ղӶ׿ڳˡʯŭɫ˵
˵ģȥҪ˺ˣĳûץʲôŮӣûµĻذɣܺʼ硣
㡭ʯ˫Ŀ΢죬ܺȻˣ˭Ҳûа취ûۼܺץˣΪ˳ѣΪ䶯֡
ܵѣ׽ѾͷһЩҪϷ㣡γɫ糣˵
ߣңȰСӻУܺЦĿ˿ˣôǻʲôҪҪָָܺʯ
Ҫȥˣ㣿ʯʵ
ǸҲ֪ʲô㣬ֻ֪˵Żܺ굥һһɫ米Уɢ⡣
ıҸģʦıʯЩż
ܺ꣬ϣ㻹Ҫ˲ɣʵ
ЦͬıﲻֹһϷֻóѣۼҶˣܺһƲ
˶٣ܺͬ˵СӣȫֻԾ־ܣĻٺ٣ⱦйصˣ¶к³㲻üҵĴ𸴣ٺ٣
ϹʯƾҪ֣ʱ򻹼ƽʲôʵࣿγ֣סʯ֮󣬱ǿнڡ
ص֮һ·ʯȥ˲٣ȷԼȷʵЩ嶯ˣԼƴҲľƴԼ޲
־ԾȰ׳յΪʯ붼û룬ԼˣܺҲûˣһ֪ǻ
ĻжϣܺеıʯпܱܺӦûɱ
һȥһأټִһʱ䣬ʯƵǻָ߰˰ˣȻûдﵽǰ۷״̬һԪϾûġ
ȻĴˣʯҲˣ仹ǰܺǾ仰㲻üҵĴ𸴣
ҪԼһˣʯɫһеĿʵֻϧƿ̸ףӰӶû
һգʯֱԪԪϣϣγ˶С
ϣγϣʦģʯɫһ
ˣһȥһԪüͷ΢˵
Ȼ֪ʯƢǲȰǸȰˣ֮ǰҲ֪Ȱ˵ٴˣʯ־ʵ̫ᶨ˸޷ı䡣
ѾĴˣΪ㣬Ҳòȥһڹɽʯһ˵㲻ȥʲô취
ʯϵ㲻ȰûǵݳƷıһö߼׹ȻԶӣһԱը֮Զڸ߼֮ϡ
Ϊʦһš顯˱ҵʹõı߶֮Ըıò֮ҲԲܺߣЩô
γһת쵤Ȼûв쵤ǵЧ֮ʱһţָ̻սҲָһֻЩãҩЧ˷Ϳ컯ˡ˵꣬ӳһöԪָʯһץס


ڶʮһ 
ºڹɽ
Ԧһڷɽżͨˣɽǰ漴ɽ֮ɫĶ
ʦ֣ʱ䣬Ȼӣٺ٣˷϶ܵõˡһְصЦ漴ΪС
ٺ٣ֻҪôˣʲˣˡЦЦһ֮ɫ
ǵҲǣڹɽű׼Ͳ٣ɲ࣬һһЩ򣬻˭Ըڶɣٺ٣ϵǺð취ò˶ãڹɽֵֻص̾
ǲΪȻƲƲ죬ʱңԼʦ֧֣ܺԼҡһΪһִ£µӣе˽ⲻˡ
յĵ࣬ܽ׵ģûмƽƽ˵ЩҲԺֻΪµȵķҽһ
ת׿˿ʮ꣬ҲǺڴǿһЩӾҽ׵ҲԪϾ
Ȼһ˵ֵӾͲ˷̫Դˣһſľ붼룬ֵҩҪЩʽԪϾĵӡ
ܷ׻ͿԼ컯ˣҡͷ̾ϢһԼõҲνǧ࣬ʦֵܣЩ˵ǽԼõľ˴ŲŽ
ˣߣ˿꣬޾ɵĽڹɽһ֮ɫĴţʲôȽʡ
һṦ걻һסͬһǰʱĵӣûü䵥ס
䲻˯ĸˣƤ׾һһݣЩ⣬ȴǵֱת֮ɫĿŷ䡣
һƤڷԱȶ˸СͷڴڴҲ⣬ֻǿĶвûʲô֮⣬̫Ը˵ӡ
㳤ôڣֻر𡣡˿ڴоϣôôŤʱǿһЩ
Ҫɽյִ£˵ʲôǺϸֻΪŽֻ˽һˣŷſȨޣҲ˳ˮۣ˾ȫ˻ȥƽ̫ࡣ
ʱǱĺڴоâһǲۼһȣƺڳһ㣬ֻЦһţκ˶ûз֡
ϤһŹɣˣٻἯǵһ¡˶£µӷԼŹͼ򵥵֮׼ȥ
֨һ
ʱű˿һźۣɫ˽ߣеһ˵Īѹ·ҿһۡ
ˣ¶֮ɫʦˣ
ĵӣɨһۣЩʧ֮ɫ漴
ǣԼʦ̫⣬æڵʦϼѵˣԸڹɽ󲿷ֶˡ
ֻһЩʲĵӣڶУϵˣԱҴ˻˼ԣҪǲҪǺиҲ̶õġ
ðɣյĵ࣬ȥȡˣߵͷӦһˣڹɽܺ꣬˫ĿŹ⡣
ת׿˿꣬ܺĿںڴϣ˫Ŀ΢΢һʲô֣
ڴɫ糣Ļشһ˿⡣
ףܺЩȻ֮ɫ
Ƭ̣ܺһĵڱǰȻ򶨣Ȼһ㣬ǿһЩҲգշ֮ʱԸѡǵҪѡһ
ܺڵľƣԼĵ˵ˣҪ첹ӵ˶յӣҲĳڴʻԣܺ״ģȻܱȥ
ڴЩãȻƺ֪ӣɫһϲæڵϿлʦˣҪΪʦ˼ҵĵˡ
ڴ˫Ŀһгϲ֮ɫлʦ
ʣĿǰҲǼӰˣܺ겻ڴʣǰӶܻ£ֻʺõʵвܺҲֻ˶ˡ
ˣһ£˱ԣϸ£ȻɸѡߴϷ䵽ÿ¡ܺ˵껰뿪˷䡣
Щ飬һϻòĵģҪ˽Ƿгɫˣ֪ͨķǲ٣ܺŶ࿴˺ڴһۡ
Ҳһ۶ѣΪʣܺʵ޷͸˵ˣܺѾǵĳࡣ
СʱʦУ˹ʺˣŰɣһԣ츳ȻŻǷ䣬ڼ䲻Ҫߣ˵껰תȥҲʲô
ߺ󣬷ﰲƬ̣ţһһյԣһĽĵһͬţãһ¾͵õ˱ʦ
ǺǣɰɣĲɵӦһ䣬֮оâ˸һ䲻쿪ƣѾȫǺˮ
ιôʪˣ亹Ǽģɻ
λЩˣ˯һᣡ˵ŻһŴϣͷ˯˿źڴԸ˵Ҳûᡣ
Ȼʯ
Ⱥһʱ䣬·ߣǰһСӣʯðһ¶󾭹飬ֵȿˣűϿɡ
ȻʯΪʵƭԪϾڵǲʲôģϾʯ壬ټغˮ͵֮
ֻҪʯһ뷨Сͣڷѧǹһ㣬ֻҪ࣬СһȦ֮ټϲȱڸһϢñ˿ֱͨһ
Ҫ֪ձߣƭԪϾԲʯʯƭһϣᱻ֣
ݣʯûôˣǶ͵ġ顯ͷʯ⸱ģˡ
忴òͨƤԺڣݸߣǰ˰ͷκ˿ȥҲԲ뵽װ׾ʯϾҲѾһˡ
Ȼ֮ǰƭù֮ǰܺʣʯֳ⣬ǻ治αװģ˵ԼΪͽʯֵĸˣҲǷĵģ˱˵
Ͼܺ£ҪŷһЩϵˣΪʯ˳嶯Ҫ׼ܺӲƴһһġ
ֻʯûôɵԼƴҲþȳҪԸܺ꣬Լһԣʯð˷ڹɽΣյİ취ȫĲԣ


ڶʮ Դ
ڹɽɽڡ
һɽ಻еɽޱȣƻֺ꣬еǵͰһЩÿɽ֮϶ŴССපɽڲûм
ʯڹɽؿ飬ԸԳİܺ¡
ڿ˵ɼʯúܺãǺܳɫҲǺܲϾֿ˶ʯ˵ֱ̫Ϥˡ
ֻʮϸĵӣһɳѡʱʯЩŵģһԼݣǿ¾ͲǷǰˡ
һһ꣬ڹɽһСţһ߽һЩʲô顣
ҫţǶ˱ʦѡУҲֻǼӣԵ˺Դ壬ҪЩ۵ճ񡣡ɫһĸڽ̵ˣȻһ׵ġ
Դ壿׾Щɻ
ŶǺ˵ˣЦڹɽɲͬûʲôΪǾסĵطɽ嶴
ÿ϶һɽ壬˵Ӷסɽ£ֻһЩΪһЩʦ֣ģסɽ
ȻԪϾҲ⿪ɽסΪ˽ӽʦһ뿪Դ壬Ͼ;סڷ嶥ġ
ԺԴ٣ܻЩ۵ĻҲҪԹ˵ӣǾͿԽ̵ۣԼˣʺãʱڿԽ׻
ԭˣʯ˿һɽ壬ȷͬһԼܺӽӽ˵ͱںԴġ
ʦ֣ǵûʲôΣյģΣͷ֮ġʯòһ䡣
һ㶣漴ЦСӻϧõģֲǣ˵ڹɽΣ
ʦץŮӣҲԪϾˣǻЩΣգȴֵһᣬ˵һץڹɽıҲûãΣգ
ʦ䣡ʯоâһæάһ䣬ЩƮƮȻװģѵ˶һ٣װӣⲻʯ͵Цѡ
߹հ֮£Ŷһߴɽ帽ڵһԭڹɽӳϾסĵطǰңˣƽʱ߶ǵʦˡ
ǣʯҫ
ɽ£һʯֶмŻ򿪣еǽգָŵʯš
ʯŶԺ͹ǾסˣҪԴһۣһЩʦֵʳǶҪȥӻɹһЩԵõģڵڶǼ䶴ڣר˸𣬻ԸǲɹʲôϣЩʲôµģȻǻǵġ˵
ûˣҫһ䡣
ȻУɨʰһЩ֮ӵЩǵͼҪģר˷ǵģ˴ڹɽơ
Ƕõ˿һʱԱչأӦ㹻ˣеʺõĵӣܽ׵ˣͿԼʵˡ˵껰תȥ
ʯҫһۣ򵥴˸кǸԽ˶漴ʯһأ׼ÿչء
ɽһмʮŶ½˽ʱһ꣬һЩ֣һЩճ֮Ĺ
Сˣ꿴˿ʯҫʯţ˵һ䡣
ǵʦ֣ſʦǴģСشտ粻ãֻһ龳ߡ
ٺ٣ãǵһЩˣһڽ׻һ
䱾Ȼֻ龳ȴһϵӣ˸Щճµ׸˷
ڸ˭٣ͿʦֵˣҲûõһЩˮż۸һ˵ӣҪٸɻǾ͵׳С
ȻλʦֵҲ㰾ġ
ʯŶڣʯſϴ˼֮ɫȻڹɽںԴţΪʵ̫ͣҲ㡣
ʯҲǰ㣬ֻǼʱͽ׵龳һȻ߲ע⣬˵ˡ
ǴαԪʿ飬һῴʯݣϾԲھģϸ̽£ʯо޷ùԷ
ֻˣԲܼһʱֻϣû°ɣʯ˼Ƭ̣ͬʳһ㣬ӽ

ºɽǰ
죬ӭһλֻɽŶûнȥ׼أԪϣŶӭ
ǺǣȻʯСѲڣͲˣʯշأȥͣһŻ۵΢Ц
ǿӣʯڣ˵ʲôʱͷˣԪЦݵ˵
ߣΪȥڹɽδޣΪʯСӻصɫһ壬֪ĵ˵һ䡣
ȥڹɽǿ΢΢һ㶣漴ͷһЦлλʢ飬仧ڴݣԶʱݷãǣ
˵ŻǿȻתݹһԶߣ
ĬãԪҡͷ̾ϢһǿӸЩ£ϴûаڹɽʶûʯİΣߣ͵ʵʯĲŻ
˵ʯ֮ΣҲûǿѯһˣҲ֪ʯΣɳ̽ӣһֱûʯȥڹɽܺꡣɻ
ȥкã̽ļһĻֻȥͽʬˣγϲ䲻ȵ˵꣬תصڡ
˲̾Ϣ׷תأɽǰҲָ˰

ڹɽԴɽ£
꿴ʯĶʯţ¶һĨ΢Цٺ٣޶ۣΪÿ½ȡ׸ңרǺ£
ȻٴνףҲµʱŽ龳һר£ʻء
ҲЩ˶벻ְ׳Ҳв٣Ҫ׻ҹһЩ֮ʱ֪֮ȴҲˣٺ٣ЦЦ
ʱʯһɽŵĳҫںԴ滺һƣ֮ɫΪֻ龳ѡ
ɫһҫǻ飬ʲô۶ԹϾŬȻûн龳ȴǻ񣬲ڵʱߵģűԸ޷룬ٺ٣
ȻҲɵƽʱ۲Ըɣһйʦ飬Ǽ룬µҲҪȥЩʦйصĲ¡
ȻǰһӴɨʦķʦʹһöɲ˭ģû¡
һãۣҪϽ񣬼ȥͽʦʦǰ֣ҲҪ񣬹Ҫǰ׵õʦɨʦ𷿼Ĳ£ֵߣ꼥ЦЦ
ʯڶڣɫЩʱ䣬ڹɽΣԴһ
˽⣬ܺǰʱץŮӣһֱѺڷ嶥ûֻʯһֱû˵ֻܺżЩԵģЩͷ
ܺϹҪ£պǸᣬһΣҪһȳ㣡ʯɫأ¶˼֮ɫ


ڶʮ ʱ
Դ壬嶥ۣ֮
һɫݹ⼤ģ֮£ʧգ
һṦ򣬰ɽһ̤ɽĻɫӰɵɽţʦڼԴһдС񣬾ɱλʦʲô飬ұǡ
ÿһ䶴һ֮ɫɲͨӣһִ¡
ԭܺ굹ҲмԪϾԲĵӣֻʯɱɴսһԲĵӶûˡ
ܺһ߼µӣһĵλǰԴ弴ܺ겻ڣֵ
һЩճ¾ͲˣʦסĵطһҪ֪࣬ġɫشӦ֮¶֮ɫĵ˵ͷ漴̤ɽص˰ɽԼĶ
Լ䣬һŮӣĶſڣ漴˹ʯš
ɽ£һĸݣƤڵ˫ĿһУ˼֮ɫ
ڴСӻʲôˣȻʦڼңҪܰʦ˼Ҿסĵطɨɸɾ˵ʦ˼һһˣ͸һЩģ꿴˿һǵӡ
лʦ֣ȥ˺üˣʦڼҶûһۣʦڣ¸ûʲôôˡڴü漴ͷ
üΣһؾǼµģȥ˼ΣҪǲȥߣԺʦ˼һҲȥˡһ
ǣðɣµҶʦˣҪ¸·˲УڴЩΪѵӣƺܲԸ
޷ȥɣͨͨɨһ飬ҪǸɵúãԺʦ˼һҲᾭȥһģܷõʦʶɾͿԼˡ΢΢һЦ
ǣлʦ֣ڴ˫ĿһƨƨߵһЩߣŷ嶥˹ȥˣȻʯ
ʦ֣嶥Сһƺɲɣʱҫ긽ʯıӰЩ̾Ϣ
ߣҵģģСӾԸʦǰ֣Ժ͹ԼɨˣҪֵĻᣬȻҪɵϢˡЦ
лʦ֣ҫҡҡͷ漴ԼĶ֮ڣչҲеǱҲǻصĿ
ʯɨߣᳵ·ɽ޴ʯųǰûйرգſԪϾӰأʯֻɨһۡ
Сʦɨˣٺ٣סʦ˼ҲڣЩǧҪҶȻĻӦ֪ʦ˼ҵƢһֵصȻǵһμʯЩһ䡣
лʦѣʦǸҶʦ˼ҵĶʯæ¶֮ɫ
ˣôԼһˣԴôԼһ춼ɲ꣡һֵصɻ
ʦ֣ʦֵ⣬˵ֲʯæһ䡣
ֲߣ۸˰ɣҲգҲҪڻȥǣʱ˳ȥʰһǸȥɣֵصɫ
лλʦ֣ǱȥʦˣȻǲڣֻҵ鷳ˣʯæ˵һ䣬ҪһˣɾͲˡ
˵Żʯʯ֮ڣڵľϤʯǵһɨǸоֵصƷȻʹڹɽµӣҲǶǶˡ
ԴǺԴɽƽʱֻܺӴˣ߾ۼӵʱ˲ܽĻ˵һɲڡ
ȻЩ۵ĵͼӣνˣǰʯڣγϴȥɨһȻǱ˵˽жƽʱڣЩͼ۾ȥ˭ҲĶǾһ㡣
֪㱻ˣ»ȽһɨһɡΣʯûӵĺá
ʯһ¥ɨһҲҶʲôһЩмſڰڷŵֲ껨һ
Ŀ֦ҶͬмȫװһСڴСչʯקĽڴŪ˺Դֵصֻǿһۣ֪΢΢һɨûжʡ
СʦܣЩ˾ɻˣʦڣ㶼ɨôɾһֵصӹǿмܲµʯ̶ȡ
Ǻǣʦڲڣ۵ĹҪõģһ¥Ĳ࣬ٽڵһ¾Ͳˣ꣡ʯ˲ͷˮһЦ
Ȼһ㣬ȻЩչȥɻɣֵص΢Ц˵꣬ʯתٴν
һΣʯûжʲôᳵ·ĳڵһʯȥǵܺƽʱչصĵطɨ⴦λҲ涨ɽӽġ
ڵǰȥûܹ˵ĵطΨϹŶչصĵطƽʱκ˽ӽӦñ
ʯоܺϹԸȻԼסĵطòʲôأҪķֶλǻеģͱԼ˷ܱܿܺ֡
ʯҲ˲ôˣСԼĺۼʯÿ߳һʯҪĿʲôء
ʯ̫һֱߵʯȾͷҲûдʲôأȻǷ֪ʲôۼʯͲö֪ˡ
ʯȵľͷһʯŰڣ֪ܺʱߵĴæʲôԭ򣬲ûȫرգʯЩȻܺߣ˵Ӧˣڣʯܲŵģ
ĺһ漴˫һƣ֨һʯŻ򿪣¶һСʯңмһţԵһʯϰɫơ
һǽ֮ϣһʯܣڷϣԼһЩʯһЩƿӰ˵Ķ
ʯ棬һľľΣľϰһöͨɫ̻ӡǣЩʯھͱ
ܺϹ洢ıˣʯöɫһᣬֲʲô֮󣬱ϣ漴ʯ棬ֳ̧һץȥ
৵һ
ʱʯ֮һ㵭ɫ֣бӲƵƣȡ
״ʯ˫Ŀһִ̧һĽâصһնɫ֮ϣֻâһǵâɢ
ܺϹҲԼסĵطʲôƣһ˭ôĵӽʯüͷһ壬ȻоЩƵƣһķʱ䣬̫±˷֣£ʯҲֻ÷
֣Դֻû㱻ӦþģôӰû
һʯ֪һŶʯϸϸļһ飬Ƭ̺˫ĿһȻ˵ǽЩ쳣аĴڡ
ԭһңٺ٣ͺðˡʯ˫Ŀһһ˦ಣĽâ۵һնǽ֮ϡ
һ
һĻˣԭͬͨʯǽڣȻһȦȦˮâһһɫĻֶʯ˫ĿһЩ


ڶʮĻ С
ͱˡʯһâⰵεǼ򵥣ֻҪĻ֮ţƺס
ʯȺ˼ְ취е͹ֶζûʲôЧǶôܹͨܲƿɫĻҲᣬǿ񱩵һĵɡ
ͺˣƽһҼֱһϲֻͨƽʯתʱطһɫĻȻ
ףʱʯ۽ٴƳľϵɫһʱͷ˴ֻǿʲôʯֻˡ
ĪԿףһ˿ڴʯһɫעȥ漴ɫĻһӡ
৵һ
ֻɫĻ΢΢Ťţǽĵ͸ʯȻһߣɢĹϼԽԽǿһṦɫĻǳ׵ʧ
㣡ʯϲɫһ漴Ű濴ȥʯĳ֮ʱȴ΢΢һ㶡
ҲͷԲɴСһʮŮڵ棬ɫȹɫ΢ףݽΣϱһͨš
ʯǣһԪϾԲŮӣᱻͨסѲشĿʯϴŨŨĺ⡣
ͽҪɱɱɣҪЮʣߣŮһһģСԴһЩĿ˿ʯ
ͽʣʯʻ㣬ʱЩãȻСѾͷʲôˣʮΪһŴ磬Ǹ˼ңֽ
㲻ãҳȫ㣡ʯһ¶һ֮ɫ漴һƽУһ³Ů۵Ĳȥ
ҰɣøʲôӦ㣡Ů˿ǻ֮ǰŮǿ˵ʧøɸɾ˫Ѿһˮ
ȿȡʯεЦЦ漴˻ƽСã°粻ǻˡʯԭ붺ɰСѾͷû뵽ôţ漴Ȱһ䣬¶һЦݡ
˵û¶ЦˣΣյĴڣǼ鼴ڶЦˣ㲻ϾҪɱҰɣŮί˵һûӡ
ãҲɱԣûشҼ⣬ץǲǽܺꣿûץһŮӣʯɫ
ûŮæҡҡͷץҵĲܺ꣬ͯҵļͯһǸͽԶ˶֣ȻܺҲص
ʲô߰ģʯԽԽͿôԶˡⲻǺʦͯңѲɾͯǸ壿
磬ҷ㲻ǻˣҳȥɣԺһúñ㣬ˣȻҪˣҸǰҡŮæ
⡭ʯǲˣǣԼʵҪǽСѾͷߣԼҲͲٻˣܷɹһҪԼԷ찡ʵûҪȥðա
磬ֻҪҳȥøʽڹɽȻԼһ˻һ԰֮λŮһ˵
ʲô߰ģڹɽһ˾ж֪ʯͷϲߵ
ʲôڹɽʯ˫Ŀһǻʵ۵ŮΪҪڹɽ
ΪڹɽΪҪҴգѾţ֮Ų࣡ŮȻɫһһŮкܵӡ
ģʯ˫ĿһŮЩǼ١
ŮƺЩ˼Сһ죬ԴһҡѽȻ㿴ˣðɣҲģģֻҪңҾøȻ㵱ţö౦
ǰû뿪ʹɣʯоСѾͷ˵浽޷ܵĵز
У͵ܳأߣ̫СˣŮСԴһһС˵ӣʯ
ʯתСѾͷҪ˵˵ʵԼӦþȥΪģΪ⸲ڹɽʲôͽģʯǲںʲô
֤˵Ļô֤ݣʯһ䣬һԼȳȥĲǻʵŮһڿϵСѾͷǿɾһЦˡ
ǣҴ׹ԿŮͦͦظʯ˵ͷ붼ûĽ˹ȥŮ۵Ĳ֮˳·һоһڡ
ɫǣߣˣ˵ֻҪԸģ˭ǰҪŮɫ΢죬ʯŭһ䣬ҪǱţͶˡ
ȿȣʧ֣ʧ˹ʯεЦЦ漴Ů·ͳһ֧׹ȻϸϿ̻ԾͼһЩı־ʯȴϲǼ١
㲻ôûʶɣеļö׹ϲӣ㸸ĸ𣿡ŮһС˵ӡ
ʯŮһۣ漴׹ǰ·ϸؿ˿ŮͷӦôˣ˻ʹԺ˭ô׳֪ǧС㣿
㡭ŮҪŭʯæϡ
סڣҪȥͱ廰˵꣡ʯɫһŮһҪԼæ˵ͷٲ㿪ڡ
⻹࣡ʯĵ˵ͷȻ㲻ڣܺûץģֻΪǱץ㡣
ҲڹɽĵӣֻǻģȻҲǱЩץģҾ˳ֽȳȥһжҪҵģҿɲ
ţõĺõģģŮСװĵ˵ͷ
ΪԪϾԲӦвٺùɣôһӶס㣿ʯЩɻѲСѾͷֻΪûй
ϼһһŽҲòϰժɣҺһɱУһɱȥҲܴһЩŮɫһһ緢˵
ɱȥʯ۾һɣֽ֪ŮɱȥԴ嶼²ȥͱ˼ˡ
ɱȥܷ𣿡ŮСԴ
ȿȣܣʯ˵ŻֽŮĽõһ˼û뵽ﾹȻܽһԪϾΪм
ô죿Ůһ䡣
ˣֻҪ˵һϻУҲֳɰȵ޵б飬Щ˿ɲϧ񣡡ʯ˵껰һǽŮ⿪
ˣŮһ漴˿ʯڵл˴磬ҽС
СֵǲˣӳȥлҲٵģҪ뿪ڹɽܺϹ˵ʲôʱ򷵻صģ֮ǰȸ㽲ϸڣʯСһŶԲߣһȥ
ȵȣЩȻûʲôãҲˣܺϼһСһ龫ֵ˵
ܴƣʯ˫Ŀһˣ˰ɣҪܽ⿪ƣòϵһϣԡԣС¶һӵı顣


ڶʮ ҹ
ڶһ磬ڹɽԴɽԴſڣվֵصӣƺʲô
ֵأģһ˵
ιǽ糿սӰģˣ֮ǰλʦֵһ£Ҳû˵ģҿʦڼңеġӱӵ
ٺ٣ǵǣʦҪڼң˭˵ĻҸոսԪϾҪȹΪֻϧһԪϾûмˣֻܽҲˡӿڵ
û취Һֻֻһ£Ϊһٰ۸㿴ȥɨǸڴǺǣԼɨôĺԴһһҹûˣܺ˭ƲƲ졣
أ²ؼ߸߹𣬱£ۻûϵЦЦ
⵹ǣҪ벻۸ǰŵʦ츳ѣʱͽ׵ԪϾĸ۵ĸȥ۸ҡͷ̾Ϣһ
ҲǣʦֱʦͲκۣʦһԴʦһֱչؼֻһѡƲƲ졣
ټλʦܣû˻ǲǣ˵һ죬Ͳȵͷϡ˵껰ӺЦ˵ͷ
ʱ仺ţҹӰʣڹɽֵ֮ˣ󲿷ֵӶѾ˯ֻûϢҲǱŲʯڴ
ʯӺԴڻ߳Щƣ֮ɫ۲ӣûдɨʲôֻŴɨ߶ѡ
λʦ֣ڴڼѷɽ֪˭ıʯŻƽ˼˫Ŀһ
Īʦ˼ҵĶЩɻ漴ʯ
ʦʹ鱦ģٺ٣ȻˣͽɣǾͺˡɽӵͷֹ˷ȥİƷ鱦
Ŷעڷɽϵʱʯ쿪˫ֱ֣ץס˵Ĳ߸һعֻ°һ˵ĲתһȦҽжûüǳ׵ʧȥϢ
ɣǵ·ٶȿ㣡ʯһӷֶ˴ڣ漴ŵӷֵصӷڵ棬ڳһĿƣһǱʯ˴һǱʯѹһա
͵ڴСʯҡͷһЦһṦСŲ̫ĵӷ˳
·̫һ㶼С쵽
պϴɣӵ·ˣʱ䣬ܵġʯĵ
ˣ֮ǰģǵðɣʯɫڹɽĵ̣ʯɲа⣬һãпܶ
ǵüǵãİɣôѩݼܺõģС˫Ŀһ΢Ц
ãҪǲշԸ죬ǾͿһʯ˵һ䣬漴Сŵɽڼ䵽ˣûй䡣
ȻɽҲֵصĵӣֻʯɵľ͸ˣҲҴʬ壬ֻظ͵
ʯ¶Ȼ龳±˿Լ̫죬ϾڹɽûмʶҪǱֵΪͣ͵Ϯʱ׵֡
СûΪֶˣŬҲֻϢѹԪϾڶѡ
վסҪȥʲô˸ҪԶߣȻʦԶǸջżȻʯ
ʦ֣ʦ꣬񶼽ˣʲôҵɣôЩ鶼Ȩ룿ʯһһ乧ɫ
㡭ɫ΢ŭߵߣãûȨɣ٣ȴ˵㡣
ջұ˵Ժƣ񶼸ңҲҪ㰲ûʱ
ʦʶԪϾʦ֣ٺ٣Ҫǳֽѵ㣬ǸֵӷһСɱµӣҲûܣŸ߼ӡв
ҪǼʯһİĵӣʦ˵ҪˣоʯȻԼΪ൱սһԼ
ɱµӣߣԪϾӲڹɽˣɱ͵͵뿪ԶĻûҲҪܵСĳͷΪύʦ֣ΪɱڹɽʯЦԼڸֹ
㵹ǻ۸ˣСüһ˵ЩõĿ˿ӡ
ףŮɻ֮ʣԷĿյֻǰһڴһģǰ漴ץԼĲӣһš֮£˫ĿһڵĲʡ¡
ֽĽʯڵ˵㲻ҪڣǼİʲôϾЩӻ֮䲻һ棬һڣ˻ˡ
֪ˣС˾죬¹µӣ¶һί֮ɫϾԼǰʯ˵˼˵ûñ
ڹɽطʯҲŹȻ˼أԼ߼⣬뿪ɽŵĵ·ҲԺޱȣһڹɽӣϾ˼֮á
һ·Ϻ˳ɵɽſڣȻżֵصӣװҲûжʣϾ˻Ӳӻǿʱ뿪ɽŵģй͸ʲôˡ
λ׼һĵӣһµǼǣɽǰֵصӿһ䡣
ܳһĵӣʦλʦ׼Щ飬ǵƣ˵Żʯó˵ơ
߼ƣֵص˫ĿһУʯǽĿСϡ
ʦļԪϾӣĳģΪֵصɻ˵عаֵأԪϾʣ龳
ʯ˵ǿҲ߰˷ֵİӳȥֻһִ󣬱ȻһЩϳǸʱ˾ӳһξ룬ҲҪץģԣһҪ⶯֣޷ȫߡ
Ŷλʦ֣չأ߶Ҳ̸ġʯɫһ˵
㣿ĪǾǰǰʦӣٺ٣˵üλʦҪʦܣһȻʱ侹Ȼͽ׵ԪϾֵص΢΢һЦ
С΢Цĵ˵ͷ˵Ǽǣֵصӷ֮󣬶˱ǻ߳ڹɽɽţֻ˵¶ᵽɤۣͣ
СǰһֱѰҴ̼Ŀ̼һС͵ö⣬ԼлЩС˷ܣʯûôɣ亹Ҵһ¡

ո߳ɽţʯĳ˿Сϲɫʯһۣ漴Ҫų׼ʯ˵أΣյĵط˿ɲĥĥĲС
վסȻ䣬ֵصӵ
˵һСɫ΢䣬ؿһڱɫɽڵͿѣƺʱ׼ָɵˡ
ʯ˫ĿһԴ˵һӲͷƤת֪䣬ͷһϸܵĺ飬ڻƽһ˲ᵽɤ۶


ڶʮ ܺ
֪ʦֻкηԸ
ֵصӽסˣʯأɫ糣һ䣬һͨͨͣ۽ʱʱɨڹɽ֮ڣϹȻ֡
ϵģλʦСһЩǺǣˣǲŰֵصЦЦ漴ϵƶˡ
Ŷлʦһʱ⣡ʯ˿ҲҴ⣬ƣʯԸʲôСæ߶ɽڶ˽¡
λʦָǣʯ˵ŻϷɽСһߣɽһ㵭ɫϼɫ¹⣬Զȥ
Ȼ뿪ɽŵһģһϾԼڹɽӣӦû⣬ʯĺ󱳣Ǳ亹͸
ʦܻԸ񱣬Ȼ˵һֵصӿԶȥĶƲƲ죬ЩΪȻӡ
ٺ٣ǲҪ˵Ļ츳ѣһᳬԽң˵Ǳ˵ĺã츳ߵĶЩı԰ɣҲЩŮһֵص˵꣬˵˵ͷ۴¡
ʯ·һƬϿգС߶ɽٷɶݣʯɫһ˵
Сʹ˱ɣҪصˣʯڵ
ţСЩȻ֮ɫ
Ŷ˵ڣڹɽڴݶϷ򣬻кԶһ·̵ģʯûֶ٣ǰγϴԼֻ߰ʱ䣬һûȫɶݡ
ʯĹƣԼȫɶݣҲðңǻٶȲУĻҪʮҡ
ݶϷС˫Ŀһãȥĸ磬ڶϷ˫򸽽˳·˳·
ĸ磿ʯЩɻ
ǿĸ硣С΢Ц
ԭǿӡʯЩȻ֮ɫͲ֮ϻʵۻһ֣ȻôСŮֲõɱһ񶼹سСˡ
ʶĸ磿СЩ⡣
һ档ʯЦЦֻĸ粻ǵҰˡ
ŶĸһôæʱסôһСúڲģȺҶҲСƲƲ졣
ʯû˼䶷죬أȻûܺץߣܺϵǼ籱νͣ˿ܺǼ
ϣһ籱һģһıֻֿ΢΢ʯ飬ʵ벻񾳿ΣҪǵܺ꣬ôھͿѾ׶༪ˡ
ʯüͷ˵Сü΢壬Ϊ˵ĻЩ֣ʯеˡ
ιôСǺ㿪Цѣ˵ڻ𣿶ˣӦòаɣСЩʵ
ʯˣôץģ֪ܺͽģʯЩɻʵԼĵ⡣
ʯر֣ѵʯͷʯһڣСæɿȿȣúúãҲˡ
ԭڻʹţʵЩģԾ͵˳ԭȥĸֵͻع£Ҿȥͯ档
ͯ㣿ͯǲһͯҵļһʯһ䡣
ͯңʶͯǴ壬࣬峤ͯһڳλһƷһЩ˻ְʱʣͯȥ
ҳͯһ壬ֻʶͯ㣬ͯ㽻鲻Ҳȥͯңֻѡ
ͯ˵£ôһ·ţ˫ͯһ֧ϵˣԶˣܺϻ쵰
żһҹзͯһ˫ԶˣԼܺ϶Ҵ飬һʱͳȥۡ
ȥۣ㡭¸ҡʯ۾һɣ׳һ졣
Ҳ¸𣿲ҵʱ¸ҵĳȥֻԶ˰ץסͯһ˵ͯҲùѺңԣܺҲڹɽС˿ûʯ¸Ҷ֣ʵڿԼմմϲҿ佱һ䡣
ΪʲôҪҴʯЩɻ
֪ƺͯҹϵãû³Ա˳ŵģСƲƲ죬ΪȻ˵
ȿȣֲ㸸ʲţʯûͷûβ˵һ䡣
ΪʲôСɻ
ô¸ң㸸ʵл˶ץˣû𡭡ʯӣСԣȴЦĵ˵ͷһ֣֮ɫʯ
ʯ磬ڹɽЩöˣûкöûʲô飬ǳһоһ°ɣСƺЩ
оʲôΪ㶫ںЩҾӦõõĳˣʯСһۣȴЩϲ֮ɫ
ڶ֮ǰǽʯܸǵĽƣʯԭ޷򿪵ģСȴһ챦ǿƵǲơ
һЩƿƿ޹ޣҩһЩ߰Ĳϣͨͨʯɨһգëû£Ʊܺ귢֮󣬲洢һУҲˣǵ費ɡ
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˰ɣϼһɱ˵ĶûкģҪ棬лҸģʯڴһ䣬ܺзɲ׸ˡ
ððʯ˵ʱһҪģϧˣϼһô౦ͱһ˶ˣСҡͷ̾ϢһȻҪǺһֱҪ
СԭʯұҪʬΣʬΣǣٽٲٲһ˻ߵĹֺ߹Ұ޵ĺС
ޣôеôСãȻѰԴ
ãҰޣҰ޻ֲܺϼһ׷ˣߡ
ʯɫһȻһ֮£ע·ɽСȣ˿Ҳ֪Σգʹȫ߶·ɽ
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ʯԶһ˼æڵСǷͷߣϹĿңˣ㻹ӳȥ
ʯ磬СҪһߣҺ¸ҵģСһͦ¶⣬ûʲôӡ
ٲ߾ˣȥĸ磬ߣʯһ˦Сͬɽ৵һʯǰߣʯ̤ѾܺϹӰ
СүҪ׷׷ɣҾıˣڹɽתһȦĶܰСүôߣʯ˾ݻ漴ܺǲĿŭ֮ɵһ֣æڷֱ߷ȥ


ڶʮ߻ Ӣ۾
ʯνʹ˳̵ľƴӴܺϹñףץԼ϶ûк³Ҫϻдͷʯǲϼһơ
ʯƲ⣬˵ܺտ϶ŹСѾͷѾԶԼܺټϸոռŭϹӦòԶ˳ֽԼ
׷Լʧܣȥ׷ԶСѾͷҲٵģһҲΪСȡһЩߵʱ䣬Ͼ˾㲻ֿһֶԸܺҲûʲôġ
һʯнץŻа͸ĴͷֻҪܺ귢ʯԥļȻԸаصʱʯɹ˲̫ġ
ӶƬ֮ʯȴ˫ĿһУ¶ɻ֮ɫ
֣ôû׷ϹٶȣӦ׷Ŷԣʯüͷһ塣
ĪϹо׷ҵİղԶȥ׷Сˣתһ룬ʯ˫Ŀһĵ˵ͷ
ʯаܺߣ˻һЩ۰ˣҪԼȥСѾͷʯɾҪµ濼һˡ
ȻˣȲСѾͷҲҪȥһ˵ƻܺļƻʯƺ˴㣬һתСߵķ׷˹ȥ
һߣСϱﲻ٣ɶٶԶһԪϾԲ׷ˣһʵʵڵڡ
ʱ߹һȣ񱩵Ұ˻˻ߵŭţһСޱȵӡֶСһץȥ
״Сһ䣬һ֮£һöīɫذ׼صһնǾӨ֮ϣֻâһɫذױǱһأֹԪϾֵ֮ܵ
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Ҳ˵ز˾һӣ·ɽٴμѪɫͷ治ѣµ飬ԶǵɫӰԽӽ
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죬Сĳ˼һžҽѿʨǰɫͻӰǱѶΪɢ˰ա
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ʯ벻СӴ飬ΪջڹɽΪСѾͷͶû㻹һӣܺǿŭ⣬
Ҫǵʯöͷܺһ˹ȥҲףԼȷɱʯսԼһʯԵֵһɼߡ
ܺڵѪۼʹ֮˾ǰһһʵСԪϾڣȴǸеһ˿ܺҲɻʯ˶ĴͷǰʱǸո˷һö
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ԶɱˣԶҲܺ˻ߵĲҽ·ڳܵʹ࣬ټңצҪ֮
ԤϣѪȵһĻʯҲһ֣֪飬ӲҲ̶ãæת׼С۾
䷢СѾ˫ۣ˫סգһС԰ײѣָֻ֮ʱʱп϶̲סҪ͵ۡ
ܺϹɱ㣬㱨ˣʯ˵껰С«Ȼһһǰδе˲佫ܺС«֮УʯʸĻᶼûС
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ȻʯҲʲôһõ߽ף׷ʯһݺʯѣȴ˰һ˵ϣĿ


ڶʮ˻ 
ѽϼһˣëûʣʯ磬ⰮÿɲãС֪ʱ˫Ŀɴ۾ܺʬ塣
֮ǰܺһĻСûֻ֪С«âܺ۾Ϲ֮ٴ˻
Сʵڸо̣ͱ۾˰û˶һܺɰˣ䲻ãȻΪһõʯ
ʬҲİúҲôʯƲƲ졣
ˣСһ·Ӧ΢΢һ죬æСסգƬ糺˰۵ĲӸСԴƴĻζѡ
ʯ̧һУವһɫС«УоɫһЩʸҲŨƺǰӲһ㣬õǷȱ󲻶С«
«ǹӸ߹ֻʯȻоʲôϢһƷ߹ݳ޵Ʒ
Լ䣬ʯС«Щͬһģƣֻڿɲϸоʱ伱æС«
ʯ˫ĿһУһŻصһܺʬΪҽ̧һУһöԪָ
бɨһսʯһһѻƽְգ漴䵽Сǰ
ıɣˣԼԦˣһ̣ʯ˵꣬С˻ƽϣССһ죬¶һִҸ΢Ц
ʯ̤ƽһ֮£ƽգŴݷȥſ̷˼ŵҩʯɫıĿ

һºڣ
Ԫڣ˳ª֮⣬˽ǶУϣȻλԪһԡ
ݵӴϢڹɽֳһ֣߰ڣԪϻڵ
ŶڹɽݽߣôԴ˶ĸ߽ףγɻ
мϷϤһЩѾãɢޣʱüͷһ˵
ˣǵĻ´ۻӴģڹɽжԴҲЩ⡣
Ͳˣ뵱ң壬ɽ֣ڹɽʱΪκȻߣһвɸ˵ܡ
ԲǼ֮Умλȷʵ޴ѾõɢޣһǸոսĴڡ
ʣǼˣ˼ݸɷпһЩԪϾԲڣĳżȻףԲûжʶԪϿڵ
żȻףǰĬĬ֮ڹɽһҵôˣҾȫʢʱڣҲòôĴ˶ˡγʵ
ԪϵȷЩԶｨţĻڹɽȻһǷͻԻѹǷչٴ𡣡״ͬԪϣⲻΪ֮һ㶡
ԪҲ⣬漴̾ϢŹˣֻϧһźӣѾڹɽ֣֮Ļ˵ĻӻһЩ飬ЩڣӦǿס
ûõģֲûȰСԸǿ˵飬˭ҲסܻἤŭھǾܵģγ̾Ϣ
ԣ˽ǳĬ׷ײ²ʯѣǰڹɽʵûѶԷҲòСһˡ

ͬһʱ䣬ݶϷ˫ʳм䣬һСͳرأȻ˫ҪһЩ
˳Ϊ޳ǣȻȲĴǣ̶Ⱦ˫ɱȣ
޳ǿνǸ¥۵ı־ԽǳλãһƻֺԺӸޱȣܽ׻ء
ڴǰɼϣһ˸ðġ
һգһŻۣò㣬һ˫۵꣬˳ſڣ̽סӽſڵĻᶼûС
ҵѣһ㶯˳һɫȹŮ
ŹʱһȻ𾴣æ¶֮ɫŮ
һһŮȻʯСˣŽ͵޳Ǿ뿪Сô֮£ҪҪʯȥڡ
ʯɵͷ£ǸλԵС˰޳ǣ
ĸڲڣ
Сżɫһ˵мֻϣת͵ʯʱȴ·۵Сͷһǵʯһ
Ź룬Ļǰʱصپû뿪һһƣһڣһԪϾԲϥʯͷһμʶ
֮ǰҪûС˵Լȥɭϵ
˸һ·СԼɽ԰СˮһЩɫޣСɵķڼɽϢһ˼
Ҳֻȵط˷ôǮ޽ôƯɣʱʤпһ䣬ҪǻĸţҪЩԴ޽ʲôˡ
һṦ򣬼˼հ֮£һֱʯ·Կޱȣ·棬һʽӵ㽨ǰվԪϾ
С񶼵ܸûΣ˰ɣҸˣʯҪһᶨȻҪĻǿ
ڴ˵ӡԭҲ̸Ϻ뻵ֻһ֮ԵԼһƣͨ裬ԭΪΣ֮ʣԳһ
ʯû뵽ĻӾȻ涼û¶ȻǸ˼޽飬̸̸ʫ黭⣬ֻһָ˼ҵ˰ˣԼֺαȥûȤ
УҪߣһҪȥڣҸ磬л㣡Сɫһ˵
лҾͲˣ͵ǡ˳ֶΪɣʯûôһλлԼͷϵлкãҪ壬ΪҲԹۡ
Ƕʲô⣬ֻʯûǾˣ
ףãôˣҵĶ˷裬ͯңԼĸﶼ˸飬ﲻߡ
ʱһʮӣŻۣڴл˳俴ʯ֮΢΢һ㶡
Ļӣʯ˹֣㲻еڻǲġ
ĻƺСУæԣץСʶǵģ漴ʯ
ĸ磬ʯңҪҺúллССһһ֣֮ɫ˵
ŶĻüͷ΢壬漴˰֣ȥɣղͣûҵķԸκ˲ôţ
ǣ׻Ӧһ˼֮󣬼æתȥ
ʯСѣû뵽ǻֳСǽȥ˵ǿ΢΢һЦŶ˽˿֮ڣ


ڶʮŻ 
ʲô˵ĿģС¿ɲԺǣ㣬ҥ£ҲܻԴģ
СŽһ飬һֱ̩ɽĻǿһɫȻһ䣬ⲻʯһ
㲻ңʯˣС˾죬һĹĵӣ
ǿüƬ̺󣬻漴ĿͶʯصʯСѣСҸһӣҲСһС軵ˡ
ԣǰ˵ѵƤΪһԣɱһд󳼣ǵûʳ˼䲻СѾͷȻԲģԣ˵ҲòСһСѼЦˡ
ʯ˿СһЦЦû黹ǷԸ
ĻӣŹԺ벿־ʵǰ벿ֹΪαץ飬ʯĳͲö֪ˣҵžŹĻʯɲұ֤Ʊ
һСһ磬ԼҪǣ
СĸһΣαץǲǵƤԣͯϽ㿪ЦģĻǿɫһضС
ĸҲңʸңֻʯСҲˡأ˵ŻСƺ˼ί֮һˮȻЩ
ǼٵģСһڲҲͰˣģո˵Ļ˶ţܲһСѾͷĵģ
˺ˣĸĻ𣿱ˣʣøʰѻ˶ץĸǰȥǿæСԣСԴοһ䡣
ץУҪɱˣԺ£Сֹס̧ͷ˵һ䣬ʯЩɣ⾿ݼģתô죿
úúãɱ⣡ǿο˼䣬Сڿ֮»صλ
ʯСѣǰ٣˷ðСҪʣȲˣյŵлǿĻԣ
ʯν͵ˣԭҲûָʲôϵ
ǣ˵껰ʯͷҲصתȥ
ʯ磬ǻܼ𣿡Сæһ䡣
⡭ɣԵԻʯ΢΢һ٣ûлͷ˵껰Ȼȥ

ʮպʯӰɽſڳֵ֣صӼæһкһ˼ҴҵԪȥ
һ·ϳĬŻص˹իʯϤķ䣬ķ䣬ſյľңʯ۽ǲɵ΢΢
Ե㣬ԱˡԸԼŶӣҲҪԱˣ
ЩǮһҪԺáԸԼԿۣҲǮˣ
ٴʬᱻھӷֵġΣճ侲Ϊ㰲ȫˣ
òôǮȥɣЩǮ·㣡ԸԼڼҲڱĬĬ֧ˣ
իƯԺǵļ𣿡һͬʹˣ
գԲܶӣȥ׼󷨣ܺϹһΣգԸͬǿеˣ
һĻĻϤ£һϤĻ棬ʯԺУյķУţʯŵǲĵ㡣
㣬ţһû뿪ûʯ˫ĿӨ۽ǽʪ
ȻܲΪλûܺеĺⱦνͣܺǰ˵ԼҲѾ
ÿÿʯ絶ʣܲԸţʯòѪʵȻܺõı;ûߵĻᣡ
㡭
ʯ˫ֱͷ׳ŭһ˫Ŀ΢죬˳յ䣬ڵʧҲʹ࣬ʹ˭⣿
ǰڵʱֻоһһϰߣΪκȻʯȫ綼ûˣоԼʧҪĶ
ʯһͷԵĴͷ˸ǹıӣ̰ǹĵ㣬Ժһţأأĳ˯˹ȥ
ˣȷ̫ˣ
Ҳ֪˶ãһᣬһʱҲһ죡
˯еʯ˫ۣҲǵãйûɵ˯ˣһ£իһԲתһȦ
仹Щϣһܼǳ˼ĺӰֻǺܿϧǵٻӰûмǿС飬Ȧſϡ
ôҲ𣿡ʯɬЦЦСûнУֻĵ˵ͷ漴ವһʯļϡ
ڵĹիֻʣˣʯȻãƺҲԼĻ飬ٻôһСһߣԼ˵ĶûС
һʯһǷ֮ʧ漴¶һĮ֮ɫԼ䣬һ˿Ȼƽ
ĵܺʯȻЩãȻƺʧȥĶĬƬ̣ȥתת
þûпˣ֪ô֮󣬿ʼʶϤˣֻʣԼˣ
һ˼һ̧СĴ֮ڣʯٴοһ۹ի漴Ϸţ뿪˴˵ء
Ԫ󣬴ڣ
ʯûԪϿһ䡣
ʼ磺Դӻصիһֱ˯ҹƺЩƣҪȥʱƺΪЩԾûд
˵ǻڹɽʵ׳󣬸Ǵѹڵģջʱȥʵʲô΢Ц
ʱſӰһʯֶ䷢֣Ԫϣϣγϣϵȼȫڳ
ʯˣб£ԪϹһЦ˵
Ŷϴ˻⣿ʯЩɻһľ֮ϣ˵Ҳûпʲô˷׼еġ
װͿһֱϼһŶѾˣȨȵʱ죬֮λ͵Ŀʯ
ĿЩʯɻѵȥڹɽ飬֪ˣǱڹɽڴӰɣʯһȷЩԼĨˣҲû취顣
ͲҪװģˣѾѸ£˾֪ĨڵģϷԪЦ
ʲô飿λԣʯЩɻ
㻹֪Ҳѹ֣ʱһֱڳ˯ѾĻ֣ѵ飬Ѹ¡
ԭĻı㰵ǱڹɽҴŹΪ´󹦣һټѵͯϼ壬ڹɽҲȻ޴ˣˬһЦ
ʲôĻ֣ڹɽҲˣʯЩԣԼ˯һѣͱ仯֮󣿵ʲô


ڶʮ ż
ҲգľƣڻϷ͸㽲Ҳ֪ӺʱʼǱͯڹɽ
һҹ֮䣬ɾͯһһЩٵ˵ڶ磬ڹɽһҹ֮Ǳ׸
˺׷ҹ飬ԭĻǿ֣Ǳڹɽȳ˾Ź˽ڹɽͯҵı
ԭڹɽȻҴзֲɣֲôһĬĬСɣѸΪһԭʹ
ǰʱǻڲ²⣬ڹɽͻȻֵһЩڣڹɽ붯ģڲףͯҲֲĳԪϵͷЦ
ͯңڹɽһһӦϣֲҴȻļƲߣʯüͷһ壬ԼҲû뵽ⱳȻı
ȻڹɽǶս֮ԪˣֻǱģͻȻ֣׼Ŷֻ֣ϧûпʼ͹һˡ
ԶǵҪԭַţȻᱻڹɽٴ˷ҲǴҴ
ڹɽң壬ڣһʵҲǲˣǰİ˴ţֻʣ˲ŵ㣬ļƻҲǳɹһ֣̾Ϣһ
˷һ£˰ε֮⣬̫ӣǴ˷ĻǿʯȻֹ¹Ժǰ;ȻԪ͵
ѫ׿ڣ̫ӣʯһøǿȻԼ飬˳Ƶ̫֮λʳε飬һıʹƲߵĵطһˣǲӦ
ʯû뵽ԼһٶȻָı֮ࡣ
˼Ƭ̣ʯڵλϣ׼ȥһˣʱڲ
֪ʲôҪϷõӴȥ죡Ԫɻ
Ҫ飬κҲ治ˣֻһ˳ȥߣʯɫ
ԣλ϶һۣ뵽飬ϻڣǿѾţŵȺ鴦ϣлģһЩ
˵ǲҪĺã˵ڹɽͯҸ𣬵ֻǱϵ˵ͯЩˣڹɽЩϣ壬ʱӹһ١
ʱһټȻǧټƵĽǵȷˣٳȥɣԪȰ˵
ʯüͷһ壬©֮㣬ӦҲĴӦûôɾͱԼײѾԪϾԲƿʯ׼ȥǷƷ
ˣǿΪˣ²һʲôģʯɫһ˵Ȼû˵ʵ飬λ֮
ҲգȻȥѾΪʦҲٶȰһС£ʲôѣΪʦűã˵ŻһһöŷɵʯС
лʦʯɫ漴˸֮󣬱뿪ڣһ·ŹŻ巽ȥ
ã߽ڵϣڹɽ𣬸պǸᣬӦǨԭַʯӰδػΪǣ˵Կ𡣡
ŹȻĿⳤԶ̾
⣬ĳͬ
ĳ֧ŵϾݲڵ£γ緢˵ĿͶԪϡ
ĬãԪüڵٵȵȰɣ
ʲôԪǺ⣿ŷչ¶֮ɫҲЩɻ󲻽ĿԪϡ

һº󣬹Ż壬ò͹ݣ
ʯһ䣬ûеʲôˣֻҪ棬Լһ룬һ룬ʣһǺö˶˵İ
һ·ͣͣżڱĴСסһգȻĻҲ͸ϵŻˣﲢûֱȥңżĲ͹ݡ
ʯʱһٻӰſ˽һ۱ǼʯߣһͬУ˽ԪϾߡ
ʯҲЩ⣬ŮԴӰԼͬŵ׷ɱ֮پûмڹɽȻȻ
ʯ㺦ŸҪɱ㡣꿴ʯ¶ŭɫƺ׼֣Ȱãƺ֪УŰֲڳ嶯
ʦܣȻȥңʦЩ顣ڶ˵˼䣬Ųĵ뿪ǻʯǰ
𣿡ɫȻ˵
ӭϴζлӳһֱûлʯ΢΢һЦһЩ£ʯһֱӡ㲻
ԱҶԶδΪѣǹάʯܺΧʯҲæΧʯһллһȱǼл˵ڡ
ôлҵģҵļһٵˣüһ壬Щŭ
ңʯһ㶣漴ָڹɽȷʯڹɽûʲô̫ĶԹֻԹģܺˡ
ΪڹɽӣһЩһѾԼɣ˼ңű٣ԼǻѸµġסΪڹɽĵӣԼɫģûж֣Ѿʵס
ǸӣʯĳҲûֻ̫࣬ȥҵδޣʵʵˣȷʵʯĳѲ˸ϵʯû˵ʵ顣
ʲôѴƺʲô
ûУϤ㣬ʯĳԲỹ֣ʯ̾ϢҪǻԼ͵ˣģ
ûб´㣬ҲϣңһʵΪڹɽֻһڵ
ӣ˵ڹɽ𣬵ȷҵĹϵƺڹɽϾзֲҴѵʯɫ
׽ȫȥ֮˵Ƕѵͻԭ𣿼Զиģ۶Դ
ң֮λ޴ǣһҹ֮䵴ƽڹɽ֮˵ڹɽѵзֲŶжߣѵʯѾû˵Ǹԣü
ԣʲôԣʯЩɻ
˼֮ɫ漴ڵѹ治ִ֪ԣȻҲҵΪ̫֪ͣࡣ
ڹɽͯҲʲôļϸĻΪ˵̫֮λȦףݺĻӵĵ֣ȻһĿģֻΪ˸ڹɽΪɱ𡣡
ʲôȻִԣʯüǿǷ˼ԼԼûϣСĻҲʵڲƭˣһЩڹɽͯҽ֮˴лˡ
Ҫ˵ЩʲôȻ˫Ŀһһ֮£һöɫУ֮󣬼æһʯ
ãǰδϻϸϿ뿪ȻһŹģ֮ӹһ٣ΪǲɲŽ߰ɣɫ


ڶʮһ 
ʯԴȻİǵʱˣʱ仹ڹɽĴϣֻǺ֪ιλƵġ
ǻϣԲĴڣ˵Ԫڹɽ֮ʱպûϣң֮ǰߵλʦ£ŽҪǱ֪ԲŹסɫһ
ãлӣһʵԼԸʯŮֵл֮ʯϽ뿪˹á
һ·ʯûʲô飬ּһķϵլûʲôڴ鷢֮ʯֱļ
ľϣŲ豭ֻһžƺڽζоʲôʯ֮ƺ֮ɫ
ͷˣģЦЦֽž档
ȡЦˣʯɫһǵұǿ֮ʧȥһּ䣬Ϥľˡ
ǺǣС׹ϵһ
ʯ̾Ϣ㡭ˣ
ʲôȷЩʵһĨɫ
ʯҡͷɬһЦȻۼǷͷߣ֮һֱûг֣ܺ꾹ȻóҸһ׿ڳ㱻ɱˣ׷ʧܣ۷׷㡣
ԭˣ˵СǱڹɽΪ飬ǰĻӣĿ֣ͬڹɽҲǸѾͷˡ̾Ϣ
кãܸʵҲûĻֻ֣һɺϰˣ
ԣʯûпʲôȵλݣҲӴһЩʯҲΪˡ
ɺϣЩɻˡ
ԭȷΪ䣬ðǱڹɽ롭ʯžһ飬Ȼڻɱܺ飬Ǳ˵Ϊ
Ȼ˼豭Ʒһڡ
ĬƬ̣ڵ˵СҪСһЩǹʵҲʲô¡
˻ʯ˿
Ǻǣ֮½ԤϣϾϲ⣬ʱ׽˶ܳ㣬᲻ɵ˻ˡ
ȻĻû֣侹ȻƭĹʣ˵ļƲǰȥڹɽ࣬ΪԼ棬㵱˻ȡ̫֮λʯȻûʲôӰ졣
ڹ֣󹦳֮£Ƕ㲻ĹؼڣͯڹɽԸ𣬵Ի©֮㡣
뿴Щ˽Ϊͷŵˣһնɱ֮Уԣ˵ĻΪ̫֮λһֲ߻ı˵ڹɽͯҸʲôѵ
ȻٲҪĻӰ죬㣬ȴӰһЩͯҽ֮ˣڹɽЩɢ֮УܿҲŰ鷳ڵ
鷳ʯüͷһ塣
ΪͯһûһЩĽ𣿺ܶ˷ɢ֮ͯ⣬ǽҲǣǾͻὫΪС²豭˵˵һ䡣
ʯ˫ĿһУʼֻǸоĻЩ˽˿ǽԼ˷˼⣬ʯû뵽Щ鷳
ĵʯһ䡣
üͷһ壺ƷΪϸϡ٣˵ʱҲƶɡ
㲻ڴ֮УֻҪͷԾвСջ񣬵ȻһС֮£Ҳܾʹز
˼һصڶһʯüͷ΢塣
ڿɲʱΪ㻹ԱıǮصڣջģЦе˵
һ˼ʯоĻҲЩ˵ͷ˷Ҳɢɢİɣ˳ϼҾͻȥ
Ҳ̫ˣѾͷϴߵʱⲿףȫǾ֮
Ȼ֪·Щ֮ܶطҲ̫û¿оһԺҪʱȫȻ
ָָϵĹžʯʱĽζǲ
Ķʯžûд򿪣ǽץĪ˵֮õĲϱʯҲὫ
ʯķ֮󣬾ͱһЩ󷨽֮˽ȥû뵽󷨣Ȼı仯ЧҲǧٹ֡
ֲסܺ꣬ЩعȻ˿һһ׽죬ϴһԼ޷ƿܺĽƣȴǱһСѾͷýƿˣֻۿűֶˡ
ʯֳһĨڴȻܺϹЩ洢Լһֱûü鿴ģߵôæȫʯսԪָڡ
ҪԼƽ죬ǲҪѧϰҪѧϰҪϷΪɹһЩþߣȻҪġЦЦ
ҲãǾ鷳ˣЩҸպϸоһ£ⲿžϼص֮ʯһᣬ뿪˴
ʯסķ䣬ûжû䣬滭һЩֽľϡ
ʯĳĬ죬漴һ·䣬ϥ˴֮ϣһӣɫĹϼֶţϳһЩƿƿ޹ޣԼһЩϱ
Ϲжңʯûв鿴ЩϱǵһһöָУǻɱ֮ܺõġ
ʯͷŶ漴׼뵽Ԫָ֮ڣָֻϰâһˢһ£Ȼʯһء
ףʲôʯЩɻѲԪָҷĹЧʯȺΣҲûгɹ룬򲻿ԪָڵĿռ䡣
ˣʱʯҡҡͷ½ܺԪָ鿴˴ϵƷֻϣʯʶ
мּ亱ҩʯ˳öʯҲ֪ʲôʯ׼鿴ʱȴ˺ԪָһģһԼ޷ʯ֮С
һЩƿƿ޹ĵҩЩʯ޷ˣеʯԼҲ޷߶Ҳ޷ƿأʯЩһĪչ
öǲ٣ֻǿϧ޷ʹãԪָڣȻģЩʶĲ뵤ҩֻܿǷܱϵĳˡʯƷһ
ʱһƺڴʯ˫ĿһȻϵóæ뿪䣬ܽ˴֮ڣǰһĻ󵱼ɫ΢䡣
ֻӰ⵹˽صĵ˴棬ɫ԰ףǹһ˿ѪƼء
ߣС˷ҪܣҾͰϼһɱûˣϷʱ⻺߽һߣɫڹɽǰδϻԲĴڣʯͫһ


ڶʮ Σʱ
ȿȣСӣԼߣҪϹͷˣͷѸߣ˶õġ˲ѪվΣ˼һ档
ߣϷǰܵĻᶼûУһ̧ңңʯһץһξϯ
һ
źХ֮һֻСɫֶ漴ʯȥ
ʯ˫ĿһУоǹξ֣жóٻҲЩоһֲּѹȸС
ԲʵȻֲʯһǰԼͷʱ䶼ûУûȼҪش
£ʯǿֱ̧Ŷͷһ㣬һɫͻӰХ漴ɫ˹ȥŵһǰһɫơ
ߣҾһ£Ȼ֪УʯϾԼ̫ΣֻʣôһϤˣŻһ㡮ҡĸоûС
صһ졣
ɫͻӰ΢΢һ𣬱ǺȻһѶɫҲǱһЩȻƲʦ
ɫһɫصײϣһŴĿըѿֲನܿȥֻһǽǹѹﰲȻ
۵һ
ʯѪεɶײһľ֮ϣɫľεķѣʯһҵĿԣдž֮ɫ
ʱܺսǸо޷ֿҲ֪ʵжǿᣬʶԲʯ֪Ԫ֮Ĳࡣ
ƺԷԸ⣬ֻҪָʯѷǣһϵб仯ֻգ֮䣬ʯȡͷĻᶼûС
ǲȡǱ֣ԼĶ̫ٻټϻҪֵԼʱ䣬ʯܲģ
ףԪϾʵȻܹʩչǻޣĦͼûҲ۳ǵģѵ㣿ܡһ֮ɫǰû
ҲоâһʯƬ̣¶˼֮ɫû֮ǰǻް׻ʯż㲻ҲȻش
ĦͼʯȻڵͼ漴ڵ¾Ͳ͸²ˣŶԷ˵ĿյʯĵؽͷץУ֮ڡ
СߣƫҪϹͷʲôƾҵʵΪһԲǰ
Ϸһ»û뿪ҪɱˣҲûߵʵɲͨ̾Ϣһ
ʯûô࣬ʩչǻޣ״̬໹ʩչһΣҲֻƬʱѣǰĻ٣Լûдͷ޷ǰѡ
ϼһȻ㲻ߣҾһ̣ٴߣߣ˵Ż̧һץȥ
ȻǹԼʯоһ޷ֵѹϯƺЩٶۣǿĽް׻ٻ漴ǰ
Һɣɾɱ֮Լ϶Ҳûк³Σʱ̣ʯ¶ɫץסдͷ
ޱȵĻް׻ǰǹɾ֣Ƭ̼Ĺ򣬱ǺȻһѶʯɫһȻɱ֣ǿֶζ޷ֵһҲֻܱ۵ˡ
Хһ
ʯۼǹɾϯϣһ죬ǣһ֪ǱѹƵ޷ǸܾӰ졣
ʯӦüͷ΢壬дһߣҲκζһۺȻֹͣ
һ
ǹɾɢʯҲָɣȴȻԵõ豭ڴƷһڡ
ʲô㡭¶֮ɫָ˵֣û˵󻰣ʯеĴͷЩڵϡ
ȻڹɽѾɱҲʲô鷳ˣ£㴦ˣϷ˵ҲҪһˣɫһ漴̧ŻһĶȥ
һ
һֻСڰ۶ǻ״ɫһ䣬תȥֻϧû߳·˲Ʈɼڴ֮С
ɫָһգץУֻһҽУһƬѪϯصһ죬ɫɢ
һ˦৵һѪ⣬һѪûгֻ֣յĴڣﻹлӰӣ
һõڣǰɱŪΣڹɽϣˣʯ㶵ĿǰһĻЩġ
ˣʯ˿ڿˮ漴ת׿˿濴ǰһģһһϢǻʯڲҽ䵱ͨķҽͷˡ
ߣ߲ɣҲʼ磬˵ϵĻҳ豭ȥ棬һЩˮ
ʯվӣɫ԰׵ϣ˲ǵѪüͷ΢ĿȻ͸о򵥣ʯҲ벻򵥵̶ֳȡ
ˣҷӣסѷøҽϣͷûʲô룬ԼЦеĿʯһ黫ϲԵӡ
ʯȻٱɱˣԲ׻ɱĴڣʲô磿ǿԲǡԪϹ
뵽Ԫ֣ʯһԼһֱӴķҽȻпһʵʵڵϹʯЩλðĸо
ģһӱ㣬Ȼҿɺûϵ³ʯƲƲ죬ǰȻǸϹദʱ䲻̣Ϊ˺޼ӣʯû̫ľ
Ϊ˾ϷˣôԸ㣿һľ֮ϣеƷƺ֮ǰʲô¶ûһ
ȻʵΪϴλΪˣƴֵ֮ʱ㶼һʯȻǴλΰϹﾹȻװ˹ȥԼΰսڹɽ֮Χ
ǶԪϾҪԸˣɴˣʼ磬˻еĲ豭
ʯһڣɿһľ㣬װװҲְһҪ֣»װɣ
ٺ٣ɣСҪûߣϷȻֵģǰڹɽڣҪɱǵ˻鷳ûʲôˣ΢΢һЦһ鷳ӡ
㻹ǻƣʯƲƲ죬ȴǴûжʲôǵϹﲻϲ˵һɹӬǰԼ
֮ǰϷ֣ҲǲСƸأлϷŪҩɣˣϢѾͷûģɫһ˵ʯ۾һɣɫһĶ


ڶʮ ڲ
ʲôпûʯȻҲǣϾûʬ壬˻Ϲ˵ŷȸ߳һЩ
ҲӦ֪Ѿͷ֮ԲԼģڱҿĹž
ȻǾʱڣԽͨ˵裬ߵָ߶ȣ˵ԼߣԼ
һ츳ѵˣұָ֮£ǲôģˣӦڹؼʱ̳־ۺ룬˵˵
ʲô֤ݣ㱳λˣѵѾﵽϣܻܺꣿʯЩһֱû㶮󷨴ѧģһֱᣬʯҲûʡ
֤ݣǺǣϷʲô֤ݣֻճƲˣλ˵ΪϷǲҿ϶Ͼûм
˵֮һܱȣϷָ֣Ըܺ굹Ǵ´࣬һҸѾͷ˴⣬ãȴһ󷨸ס
ԭҾûж⣬±ʲôھûȻأϾ˲Ӻ㣬ô˵
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ȷҸģȻõĵ۷ҩһΪףСӶʲô˼͵
Ѿͷ˱ҲһЩļʣҲ£㹺ʱ˳ֶΪˡʼ硣
л֪˵ܺĻԣпǰҵġʯɫһ˵
ˣȻСѾͷû֣Ȼûֵĵܺش֮ʱűߣ䱳ѰҰ취ΣǿнߣⶼпܣٿˣԼɡ΢΢һЦ
ʯ˿оɻţҿһЩʣµģֻܵĳһ죬ܽյˡ
ҲҪĴ㣬Ϸ˵ֻһƲ⣬ѾͷѾˣʯЩڴʱȻһˮ
ԣʯһ㶣漴ɫԲпѾţôãǵԼûʵ֣
ҡȿȣҪ˵ЩʲôȻɫͨ죬ҵĿ˼ֱ˲ٴαձͷ
СӣϷأҪһ߰ɣûһأû취ˡؿڣĪļ尾
ˣҿһֱ˼ţǻĻᶼûаʯЩ⣬æߣĺ󱳡
ȿȣ֪ʲôϷΪ˾ǿг֣˼أˣ˵Ȼصɰɣû±Ϲˡ
˵ͲõˣصɣΪ׼ģСӼסûµʱԺЩô˵꣬æתԻصڡ
ʯ˿ıӰɻأȴЩǸ⣬ϾԼϹӣӦǲȥʯҲͷ
ҾͲˣл㣡˵껰ʯ뿪˴˵أԶŻ֮ʯ̤ϻƽһ·ڷȥ

һµʱ䣬ڹɽң壬ǱϴһգԴ̱Ϸ֣ԭ̲һֵڵ̣ȴ˳
ɽɣĳ侲ڣ
ѣջСɵĵ̣ǱϷֲ٣Ԭ΢΢һЦ
Ԭָ㣬ˣֻǶΪβǵԭַϷֵһǲһʵԶҲвΰ峤ɻ
ǺǣѲҪ֮ڵȷǲκв¾ǾͲðˣʯ´󹦣Ϊں޽Ԭſڵ
㽱ҲܰǣѹɵģϾǹأ˵ڹɽģֱֲġΰڵ
ˣѲҪ̰ģԭַ͸óǰĵ̣һ㶼Ҫ˶Ǳ˵飬ǲҪ롣
һһҾ˵ģ˷ջѾС˻ˮˡԬŰ˰֣оâһ˵
ҲգԬŵģϾ㿼ǵıĳȫһЩڴݽţѾķѲСûǨ
ڴҲղʲôӣ˵𣬱Ͼݲһפ׼ĴյӵġΰЦЦ
ߣԲҪԭַϷĲ²⣬Ǻܿͻðˣֻǲ֪ǸԪϵĺ«ʲôҩֱҲûжΪЩԬ˫ĿһУ¶˼֮ɫ

һºڣի
ʯӰУǰ͸˻ǰʯȥּҾլ˼㣬һЩӣû°Ŵɨһ£չ²ҪҶ
ϧˣͷƺأʱкܶһᶼûˣǰֻһ⣿ʯ˫ĿһУ¶˼֮ɫ
ĬƬ̣ʯüʦ˵ڻȫҽⶼˣȻһ㶯ҲûУҪԼУ
ţϸȥԪһˣʱ⴫Щż
ϣôʯȻó뿪˹ի
֪кμ£ʯЩƣѲǸԼ׼˵˵ҩƣòϷ࣬˵˶ʱڣӦ޷Ƴ
ڴս֮У˿¸ûôߵ裬繺ֻҲõټڵļҵף治ֵֵ֪ΪԼķô
Ͳ֪ˣ֮ǴϼУҾ͵λˣˣҾȻȥˣԪǰ˻ȥ
ڣʯ΢΢һ㶣Ըо϶д·ΪгϾȻȫ룬һ¶ĳªȻҲˡ
ţλϣʯ˵껰һΣһԵ
ǻˣǺǣʯ˷ټ˶ǰһҪ㡣ɫһ˵
೤ҲЩɻ֮ɫ֪ԪҪʲô
֪ʲô飬ģһΪʯûаѻ˵ΪǴܶ棬Σհ첻飬ҪӲͷƤϡ
Ȼܹ쵽ţλϣϷƾʯΪʽţԪɫһ˵ڳ˭Ҳûϵһ仰
Ϸ򷴶ԣߣûëͷСӣ뵱ţЦԡ
ĳҲԣȻ֧ţţδЩЦˣγص
Ϸ򷴶ԡ
ԣ
˲䣬˳ªûпڣֻʯʦûб̬ˣĬƬ̣ϻǻڡ
ϣϷţǸ˵飬ʯΪδЩϷˣΪҵǣʦֻܷˣϳ
Ҳԣϣʵûʯһͷˮ˵
ߣҲƾ㵱ţҪﵽϷľ磬ҲŻλ㣬Ϸ̰ͼλΪſǡ
˵˷ӦԪϾ۵ףȴ˿û֮ɫ
ΣϷһҪʯΪţԪɫһ˵೤Ϸ׷׷ԣʯۼԼû룬ɴտڲԡ
Ȳ˵ϷǷͬ⣬ϻһأ㶼ȥû֧㣬ʦѵҪٸҺϷվͳĴһְߣɫһ˫ĿԪϡ
ǣȻûһ˷ŵĻʯЩãȻ֪Ԫϳʲô磬£Ҳ͸һˣϾ֧ԪϣϵλãҲסˣ


ڶʮĻ λ
ԪЩѹ֣ʦڣûһ֧Ԫϣ
Ƭ̺ԪЦЦһкȻһɫƣд֣д֣ɫС֡ڣ
ʲôôŵɫһ䣬Ҳһɻ֮ɫ
ɻδս֮ʣűǴңȶԺʯʲôΪҪΪ֮λΪʯɹ׾޴ǱǷһļǹš
ˣ̫ϷͲ˵ˣڴˣͬ٣ȿɻԪ΢΢һЦг˵
ԣûκ˸ҳԷʲôƬ̺ʩһ񣬼һֱûпڵĳªҲòվΣͷӦ£ˡ
⣬Ȩ
ãȻûϣټϵӣϾٰżλ䣡ԪϿڵ
ʲôڣϻûع񣬺Ȼϴ˻ɵ¶Цõı顣
üߣȻŵ˼ҵȻҷԣʦҲüһʱŴ䲻ǰ׼ʱ䣬ûٰ졣
һҪ֪ͨһЩ壬ǰһ׼ûУٰܾżλ䣿㻹ǿĺãϷȻͬ⣬ٷԾǡ
û˹û˰ɣҲ׼ʲôŵ㣬Ͼȥټӣһʱ󣬿ʼٿżλ䣬Ȼгһذʯ
Ԫֳƣ˵ҷԣûعʯһͷˮ֪Ԫǳʲô磬Ϊ˼ȵԼΪţȻһµʱ䶼ܵȡ
ǣʦȥ죡ЩãȻ뿪Ԫ೤ʵ˽췢顣
ԪʦܣȻǣżλ˺ᣬЦϷ֤ٷԣ㻹׼һµĺãſ˿ƣȻЭǲ˴æ
ԪʦܣŵĻúÿһɣһֱĬڵĳª˵ˡ
λȰѾˣҵ׼һ£Ԫһ֣̾Ϣһ׷뿪Ԫ󣬸æµ˴顣
ȻţªϣԼʯû뿪ЩɻĿԪϡ
ԪʦܣΪ´һǨԭַŷչ˺ѳΪһ
ĲõʯΪţڶ˺ϷλΣ֮⣬ٲκ֮£ǣΪ֮ɣŷ·һ²࣬վΣ뿪˴
˲̾Ϣһª˿Ԫϣ漴뿪ŬŬ죬ûпڣŶȥ
ʯЩңԼΪʶԼͳ˶һɣȻڼԱ٣ʯϻȾ͸Էڡ
ϣʵڲܽλãȡʯĻû˵꣬Ԫϱǰ˰֣΢΢Ц
Ǻǣ޷ĹҶģֻҪλãò˶ãͿԷڵģڹţϷһղͿһֱ㣬ҲصġƺʯĹǣ˵
Ǵδ˵ĸƾһ֮λģҡʯЩΪѡ
ͱ˱ʲôԼ㹻ˣ㲻ͨӣţѶڷʲôˣһڣϷȻŪԼҪҩھļңһ·ߵľ磡ԪϿڵ
ԣʯɫһһ߾ȫϣȻʯ֣ʱѾԼ˵ģλãԼĪĺôڻʯĿǰûʲô
ǺǣǱϷ򣬶ڣϷģǴڣԣҪܣڷ󣡡Ԫɫ
ǣ޶ۣʲôĲĵطϽ̻塣ʯ֣ص
޷ͻᣬŲĵһ٣϶Ϸţʲôò׼⣬ԱϷ顣Ԫ΢Ц
ʯ΢Цĵ˵ͷʲôطЩԣһʱƬ벻
ǾͶлˣʯ˵ͷӦ˴¡
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ԺĻصիڣʯЩɻþͷԼţȥ飬˵ݺٷŴսԺԼҲòŲʲôϾдϴš
ףϣʯȻ˫ĿһУԺ˲˴ڵĪԪҪıȨλܣЮ
ʯԼĻһҪĻΣգԼҲôΣˣ
ֻҪԣ²̫ʵˣڴӣܴˣڲֹһԪϡ
һгһʲôţϵ飬Ҿ취λóźܶ೤϶֧ҶԺʦܶһ֮ʡʯɲɵӣоǰԲߵĺá
˼֮ʱֻڡɽӡƵĪ˵ڣ֮ⷽԲɣҲС
ʯһۣһ˼漴뿪˹իƽ㳡˹ȥ
ԭ˶ڣǧˣʱ˵ӱԣҲм˹սǺε׳ۣ
ŵĵӣҲոնٳͷվ˶ƽ㳡ϣҲԵЩϡ衣
ڳµĵִ֮⣬ڱչ֮еˣҲȫ˳һãȻܡ
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ʯվڵǰҲڣʮվ˶ʯ̨֮ϣһɫȻܲǺͬ⣬³ɶ֣ҲֻĬˡ
ϾżλǱѰһϽԴ
ˣټλǰϣһ棬ٿżλ䣬Ժϻ׼ϯˣԼҲҪһ¡ԪϿڵ
żλʽˣһӾɲе⣬еĸоȻ̨˽
ྲԪϰ˰֣ʯУżλ´ǣ
һƬȻֻʯ߳Ⱥʮǰ򵥵˼λ´ǣմϵķԸڼ̳ΰһ˹ߵ״
Сյʱ䣬־ʽª˴䣬˰ʯڣûüעʲôûعʱ򣬴Ѿϡ
ʯڳϣԼеһűг֮ϣһĻã
ݼʯŴ񣡡Ԫ˵껰ȹڵأ˼״һ㶣漴Źڵ棬ԪϿиߺţһͷȥ
ϵʯЩãȻ·˹ݲ¶һ˿ɬֱҲЩλðĸоԼţôϵģһɳ϶ҪݴԼԺָλڣϾ̨˵ͷɲǰ׿ĵģ


ڶʮ 
ڶһ磬ի
ʯڴ֮ϣЩ͵̫Ѩ˸漴
ռλ䣬Լ֮ϯϵĻྴƣʯ¶˼֮ɫһΣΪ̫ͻȻˣԼǱˣһ׼ûС
ٵģλãʯЦҡҡͷϴϣ漴뿪˹իڣ
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磡
ֵصӼʯ׷¶֮ɫζ鲢λãֻʯԵظо˹УһĨɫ
ʯûйˣҲûʲô⣬ϾԼԽܣ˳ܣͷӦһԪȥ
ԭԪϸʯԪѾʯ׼סʯҪסڹի£ҲʹӦʯҪֻǹիֵص˲١
ʯ֪һ磬һŴǰ˵֮ΪЦԪ˲˵Ц¸Ͻȥ׼˲ݺ
˱Ͼһ˿ͣʱЩţһӣæһҡһ䣬ţδ̫æͲ̫ܣûãҲ˴˳ȥ
ʯԪԪϡϡϡγϵ˶ڣ׷ʯʺһȻʯΪܵͣţŵĹزƵ
λϣԺûˣͲд˴ˣʯĳУȻҵǰʯ˵Żһƨȥ
ȻЩ̫Ӧʯò˶ãܻϰߵģ
ſˣ̰Ϣһգ콫ȫΪŹԼҪĵҩ֪ǷԸԪϿڵ
ϿˣûʲôҪֻҪǴҹͬԸˣʯڵ漴һϣλʦҲҪسƺԼΪˣʯЩ
ţһЩĹ伮ϷΪս֮ʱЩıٵеıŴߣʣµĲȫĿ¼ɡ
ʱҪֹҿڱǣתãԼʣµԴĿԼ¼¼мأпտƣԪȡһöԪָֽʯ
ðɣʯԪָڵˣʹõıʲôΪԪָԪϾ޷򿪣
Ŷ֪ʹ鱦һЩɢûгֵķΪ͡СףмƷֻǼƷ١
ԪָʹõҲǷ𣬲Ӳ̶ǿҲܶ࣬㹻Ʒ
ʹõķһԪϾĲ֮ͬǾǿԱ֮Уķһص㡣
ǾʹӦ֣ͬԼһ֣ս֮б޷Ȩ˾ֻܷɵңȻǾԣֻǸŵӡ
ԪָҲ֮ͬӡѾӡڽָڣõطϿɣ޷״򿪵ģԪϾ붼롣Ԫϻ
Ŷû취ˣ˵һǱ˵õˣǳ˷һ飿ӲʯЩɻ˵
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һ˼ͳһ֮ӡǣô˼ҲˣǱʹһӦ֡
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ֻһ⣬ǾҪĨ˷ӡǣҪȱԭʵǿʶۺûʲôáԪЦЦ
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ϣ˵õ˵ı֮󣬾һҪΪԽԷ޷Ĩӡˣʯʵǰûᣬڿǲͬʯһ䣬˽ϤĽ
ҲǾԣЩ˼ΪԭˣʶǿᣬȻԷӡǣȻѣйһЩţֻǺٷˡ
һַ߽ףæĨӡǣĳָ࣬ͽĨ߽ڱϵӡǡ
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ѵ㿴´ֱӷȥΪɣ¸ʺãԪɫ
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ʯҲ΢΢һڹҪվ񣬻ޱûжϾݲͬˣҪȣⱻЦ
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ʱ֮ڷɳӰݹһɽǰն֮˶棬ʯˡ
Ļǿʯһڣǿӱ΢΢һЦ
׵ĻȲض˵֮ǰͣڽǿȣɫһȻ
Ԫϵûжԣæ֮˶ڻȥ˹֮񣬵Ҳһ
˵ۻʣگڵʯֻգΪҴΣǱڹɽҵͯϼڹɽӢ¾ȳŹ
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ڶʮ گ
ʯлʽͣΪЧǣʯĳڣףԸǧأ룡ʯɫ˵
ףԸǧأ룡Ԫϵ˼æڵͬʱҲ̾ʯĲɣȴʻ㻹״
ǧأ룿ǿ΢΢һ㶣漴ЦĲɣʯСδЩǲܴڵģͬʱҲϲԪϣڳһλõӣ
ԣʯЦ
Ԫ΢΢һЦǺǣʵʯѾżλ䣬ѾڵʽˣԣʯŵһһУȻܴڵģ
ʲôʯ̳֮λһֱ̩ɽĻӣŴҲ¶֮ɫֱһЦ
ԪϾӣΪţ̫Ϸ֪ǷΪĻӸоš
Ǻǣʯĳţոս֮λĻӼЦˣʯ˹֣ǰȻڻĹУΪţҲܱϥԽݵġ
ǿһ£漴عλ̬һҲǿЦӣǿջ¶Ц⡣
ĳʶǳˣ黹ͷһοЩʧ̬λ£ȻʯСѼλţҲҪе㵥ĺʾһˡ
֮ǰһҪگϣǿ˵꣬˲һ£ѵ֮ǰʯĽûϣǵܵõٽͣ
ʯ֮⣬ؾˣʹ±ʮҩϵȹʮ
ϡйͨʮگһö󣬹ڣڴݿյӣйٸǳءֱگǿӻ䣬ϲ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ڱϣ⹦άתҲһöگ˴ڴĴյӣǱ붼ġ
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յĵʣҲƫԶɽɱȣҪݻܰݣһЩЩĦ˭ҲٴݣƤ£Եڲѡ뿪ŵؽ硣
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²˺£ңһŵĴϲѶҲ࿴˼ԪϣҲ֪便۹˳Զһɺϣ
影ֽͣţԲὫһЩƷװԪָҴصزǲϽ뿴أʯţλϣӹȥɣĻ΢΢һЦ
ԣʯ˿޶ԵԪȳϣ漴һӣâ˸ֱüöָŽЩƷװһöԪָڣ»˿ռ䡣
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ڣǿʯλ·ڴ˵˵ЦЦһɺгֵ翪
Ϣ©֪ʯŽռλĻ¸ʶȻҪӷͣ޷˷ȥ֮һ游ʣºӷ֮ʣȻ׷ʯţǿ΢Ц
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Ǻǣʯſˣ̫֮ܵλʯŵģű˵ʯżλҪóһЩģ
ʵòǰıᰮĲ׿֮ˣ㷨ķıӻһ꣬ʯŲҪ
ݣʯɻ˵ⷨķıȻԼʫȻ֮ϣƸߵȽ׵ķǾѵĹߡ
ϲţڳƿչصĹؼ֮ʷãȹѹӳɹļʡ
ֻǿ̫һŻݣɲ򵽵ģԪƺʯ˽⣬漴һ䡣
лǿӣʯһϲ֮ǰַùӢټֵĻݣԼϰæƳʯоƿ߰˳ɵİա
Ҫ֪߰˳ɵļʣһǾģܶ˶ɼǻԽ˲֮١
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·ͬСɣҪһһЩӳϣѯһɲҪǼ׽ŪǿɾͲˣٺ٣
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֮Ҳһ֪ǵˣˣ˫۵ĹãҲ֪ʯ֮£Ԫ΢Ц
˫ۣҲãǿ΢΢һЦ漴
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Ƭ̺гϽ˳Ԫ󣬴ڣֻʣʯǿˣ
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ʯĳһç̫ӵƽ۽ģʯɫ
ǺǣƲѣǿЦЦ
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ڹɽңæֻҪǿһ棬Ҳڵӡ
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ԣҵǲǰȥⱻλֳ˵лֻϣܽ߹սҰƽȻԣųοɿ֮ˣ˽ǰȥ
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ԸҰģΪãԭСˣһֱɳ㲻һأҲᾡ㣬ҪһϹԿƵģɫӰڣһЦ


ڶʮ˻ 
ǿӣʯŵһЩϱȫԪϣ漴Իص˹ի
ڴ֮ϣʯ˫ĿԶƺ˼ʲô
㣬㾿񵽵ǻΪβܸϢʯ̾Ϣһ
ȻƣΪϵĴڣڹŻСطƫƫ˹գ¾żȻ
ǿӵĻǿֵڶְ죬֮ʱֶʾãĿǰһЩô
ˣֻҪûл飬Ӱҵʱ򣬱ϻҪȥģԺ˺ദҪСˣһãͿٲʯü
Ƭ̺ʯʯԸһֵصӣκ¶ôţ漴¶׼չأƿ
ʯŹرգʯһֻƿУԼһ껹ݣ֮ǰصѯԪϵˣƿʱע
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ʮ֮ãʯо֮ηڣҲٴӣƺһƿĿǰ޷ͻ͡
ʯ漴ȡһ˽ȥоһڣ漴Ϊӿ磬Ϊϯա
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ٴηԭƽ˲ǧ㺧ˣһ߹һڲ˻ŨļΪҺ塣
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Ϊһ˵磬ܲס͵ø³ͱֹͣƿ
ʯȻȻӷ缫ȹ̣ƾ캣һδγˢȻҧأŬѹһΪҺ壬뵽֮ڡ
ڵ֦ɫʺ磬ʮǣһǣǲų͵ĹϼʯηǽΪҺ壬ѹ뵽֮ڡ
̫ͣԽԽ࣬ƾʮɫʺתʯȨתҲѹ˶
պʯЩ֧Ųסо·Ҫűһ㣬ҲŲƺҪһ㡣
ԥʯæóݣ붼˿Уһɺ鲼ȫԭ꣬ƺȹ
ǹɺ˳ȫӿ磬˲ϯһɫճ֮ڣΪӿȵԽԽѹ֮ڡ
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۵һ
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ֻһԵЩãϾǸ۳ģ֦֮ɫԴԴϵĹУɫʺõİߣҲʵ
պҲʲôʺˣֻܿһֱң˸ɫ޴򣬻תڰա
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ãʯæһֻƿȡ֮Уٴα˫ĿһĹʯŽȶвƣͷϲʱĶ飬ƺʾŷ˰ʹ࣡

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뵱˷ԵƾʯΪţ⿴СһǴ˰š
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ڣʯʶӰգЩȻ֮ɫڵһУ
ɿݣ֦ҲԵùϼʱľ˶սἫΣգҺʯȻڴ˵رչء
߿մһɫʺʧȡ֮ǣһֱɴСõľ޴Ĵһͷ­Сĳ֮ɫһһȼš
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Ŀ˷쾭ǿ֮ϣ˹֮ʱʯܵشЩø³˺ǲҶʩչ
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ٺ٣ʩչʮǻޣȻӸң쾭ҲʩչһˣлһҪԣЩҪСĹʲô֮ʯһЩ
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ڽֻҪ㹻ĵҩΪԲӦò⣡ʯ΢Ц
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С«ǲͬͺͷһģһ֪ױɶ⿴ͨ͸տյ£ôһƷ
ֻ«ϵīɫƣһЩ֪ǲΪϴܺԵʣ֮ʯ֣ÿ̵ʲô֮С«ͻЩ΢ı仯ƺ޸Щ
«֮ʯȡԪһУ漴˫ĿһգǴڤ׼ЩָʵӭºͣȻҪǿŰ¶ֻϣһ˳źã


ڶʮ ӷ
ºɽſڣ
ԪϾӣ̤ɽ˸߲ҵʮ꣬СĲ߰꣬Ҳʮӣջĵӡ
ʦ֣ôӣһܵźཱܶˣϲһֵص˵
ٺ٣ϷȥⲿյӣȻԴȥЩС棬Ҫš
ȴ֪ȥѰɣɶǣò˶ãݾͻᱻ޸ɾֻܵȸ߰յˡЦЦ
ʦֲü֮㣬Ҫܸ飬Ҳףлȫÿʱ䣬Ҳܲꡣ
һһϣһ˳ɳɲݣûɸҺ˵ģ˭ҲҹյӡֵصЦ
ǣϾоگ֣Ǻǣٴ׳ָտɴʦܣȲ˵ˣȥһǣ˵ŻǴż˽ɡ
ͬһʱ䣬Զݹ⣬ٶ֮죬ֻǼ֮£ǳɽſڣݹһ¶Ӱ
˽ɫսףΪ׵һһ꣬۷Ϊһ֮ɫЦӡ
˽Ƕʮ꣬һһݣ۷ΪڣȻһϢȻȹ̣ʱ䲻̣Ȼûдﵽ۷״̬
ʯſڣӶ鳤壬ǰ׷ˣɫͬעɽڡ
һṦ򣬼Ӱ˳ǴԪϡγˣ
λ룬ڱչأǰȥ֪ͨڴԪԪ΢΢һЦ˵
壬λѣʵ֪ʯţҵ׷ӷ͸ڣһЩϱһλáԳ˵껰һӳһöԪָ
ԪһϲԪָ˻׼󣬱ǽɽţ漴Ԫڡ
˵ʯԪϾλţǺǣ˷׷˵һ䣬ƺл˼
ѹʯĳҽԺգʱʯӰڴſһģ֮£ǳ֮ϡ
Žˣϲ˿ʯϢۺ񣬼æϲһ䣬ʯǵͷһЦ漴Ŀϡ
ףµʱ䣬ʯһϢȻȹ̣Щˣʯۺȹ̵ϢǸս׼ʱ䡣
ʯѽףȻĻǾóԪʯģԪֵƣһ㶼ãΪģȹΪǱóԴ֧š
ʯ΢΢һЦܺлԪȫʯһգһŶûбҪ֪ﲻΪЩô
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ԭˣʱ䵹Ǻɣֻ֪涨ļʯʵ
ͲһˣÿһԼְΧȻΪˣȻϤˣ֮Ц
ĪǾǻʳǣмǴµԪʵ
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ãվΣ漴һ˦һöԪְָգһ±ʯУ֪һɨ֮κ˶ʹá
ָڣսףǹһöɫƣһֻƿӦװŰ¶öԪʯһöһöǼһЩء
ʯûмڴսףȡöʯϸϸĿ˼Ĺأ漴΢΢˵ͷ֪ǰӶ鳤
ǹսȡ沢ûб˵ӡǣ֮ʯ׵Լӡǹ΢΢һǽ뵽ڡ
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ʯâһһɫսףʯϣȻЩԴ󣬵ʯֻһģսױâ˸СһȦʯϴСպú
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ʯһߣҲ֪òܻ֪һ᲻ܵ۸Щǵ˵֪ʯһȴţֻк־γϵļԪ¶˼֮ɫ


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ڻʳм䣬һ֮ϣһߴΰ߲㽨ΧһЩͰĽ
ȺɢһɰϵϢֵǣȻżӰȴƺǷ˾סӡ
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һСģͿܱƬĮ񣬶߲㽨ۼ֮ء
һЩ߽˵زʲôܵأױɴﵽ˴ֻԪߣƽʱҲҽӽ˴
ΪƬͼɽѱ廯Ϊأκ߲㣬ǰλԪɢޣ׷ɱ˵أ󶼱նɱ²֮
һգԶĵӰʯˣɶݵ˷׷ͣ¶ݹ⣬߽Χ
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дǣ˵ʵû˸Ȼûص󷨣ʯͲö֪ˡ
ʯҲжȥŵݣҪǰΣÿһ˶һҶӳҲһͬʡ
ǾԪסĶԪϾ֮ˣһЩӱǸǳؾټǱ֮ˡ
ЩֻҪ˾Ԫ󣬲ﵽ㲻ǾԪֵضӳ׼޷ᱻ̭ǲͻظ塣
Ȼǲͻȥٷĳ֮ҲֻһΣһǾ½׵ѡ
ЩƽʱڸͼɽΧߣִ񣬱Ͼˣ󲿷ʱ䶼ڼڲ
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ȻʯгһգȻ뿪ģʵʱˣżҲõһЩ˵ĺô࣬ǾΪִй
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һλģʯ˼䣬˱˳ʯغ÷ţǴнơ
ڴ֮ǰӦȰڵĶ˵˵Żʯһװа¶ƿǳУ


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ָ˼ſʼȻķһЩʱգǲѣֻǺϼʯǸоȤ
˵һʮϺãɽʮ˳ǹںһ𣬻ΪͬһצǷԪҲӲӣһС飬ƾɱһԪаޡ
ҲǲѣķһЩʱգһЩɣѵ⣬ʮ˵ϣ˵ʯ˴ҲҪԱϰһʱ䡣
߰պʯһЩҪ죬򵥵һǲУϾʱʮһʱҲҪѵģûҪԼ˷̫ʱ䡣
ʯһȡһöʯǼصķ쾭ϴЩҲֻǿʥƪһѡ
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ͱط壬֮ǰض޷ʩչҲڿԸԳˣȻһЩ
˫Ŀһգʯ˾ط֮漴ʼ

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ãǾȸˣ˵껰λӳ׷뿪ͳ̾Ϣһ¶˼֮ɫ

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ݹһ¶һɫս׵ӰֻѪһϢ鸡ɫ԰ףһشӡ
죬ͳ죬м¡ȿȡû˵꣬һѪһģЩڵϣ


ڶʮ ϻ
һӰɳͳ죬һ֮󣬱ǳϿգһǽ˴ߣ֮ڡ
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ǣӵӰתɻƽ󣬴һͬȥڵӡ
ٺ٣ͬԺǾսˣϣ죡ͬеӣ΢Цĳʯ˵ͷ
ʯͬѡʯҲЦЦһһݶӡ󲻴Ȼ˶ڣΪǣһʵԲС
ȥ䳡ɣ鳤ż˵˵ͷ漴ͷĳȥʯ˽󣬲һṦ򣬱һĹ㳡
ʯЩֻˣ򵥽һ£䳡־Ըߵ͵ĵطѵʱõġ򵥵˵˼䡣
ʯĳˣʯ˵ͷ
ʯѣҪ죬Ҫ㲹ĶˣӳʮʮĹ⾰ŷչڵĵز
̫٣ָܷǵĲ࣬ˣǶ飬еԱѾʮ֮ãڴ˵شʱ䶼ͬЦ
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ʶã֤Ե˵ʯСţĹǺǣˣ׼ϻ֮׼ϰЦЦ漴˿ʼϰ

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һĽĵչңĪ˵ˣĸ壬ƺҲ˿֪һΪԵҶᣡ

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ˣҪ죬ҲûʲôˣҸϢɣ忪һЦԼ鳤ʵ
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ʣǣӣǰȥԮӣסûӵĶӳƽ֮ʱҪ˶֣˷Ǹӽڷ̣ںڷ̵飬Ѿӡʯ֮ڣ·鿴
˷ÿ䱸ŷԱ鳤ɷ㹵ͨϷʲôԸᴫֱ֪ͨģûУͳ֣ص
ǣ̳˵껰һԾԾ


ڶʮĻ ͼ
߰պݵؽ磡
ԭڷôǰԱҪ񣬿϶ܵõٵĽͲûпʯѣ
ͬ˵ŻһöʯʯҲû˵ӹʯһֶ룬ǲ鿴ͳµϡ
֮ǰ˶Ѿ꣬ͲʯԼˣϾˣֵֻһ
ڷʲôһͬʱҲ⡣ƲƲ졣
λҪСڷ̣Ȼĳû̹˽أټܵȻʵǷ
ԣһСһЩĺã֮ϼصĺڷ̣ɲȫ棬Ҳóɫ
Ƭ̺ʯʯ壬üͷ΢΢𣬺ڷԼͷһ˵Ҳ֪һЩǷ˽⡣
ǿϣȷó˽ЩأΧҲ޷ǴĶԷ伣ӴҲԷѡ
ϷΪɢޣʮ꣬ʹʮ꣬Ȼû˵ڷѵ֮ϣһɻ
ˣҲҪҲˣѾݵؽ磬ǰϾΧ˵ӵԫ
˵ֻҪܿǻˣʱѯһµƽӳһжģٸ·ҪǷǣɫһ˵
ʯƲǰϤһУǰڵַŻҲΧڣԫֻȥΡ
λ䶼ôһǱаЮ֣ڶű٣ӵԫԵ֪һֻᷢʲô
һ˽ñɼԦݹɶݣٶҲǼ죬չ򣬱Ǵԫؽ硣
ͣɣǻУдӵλã忪ڵ˵ͷӦһ׷ݹ⣬ڵ棬ǰһСȥ
λѣµıǣǹȻʱȻסˣʯתһ
һͨĲͨʯͷһӣʯͷϻâһֳһɫǹӰָǰ
ʯûʲô֮ɫѧϰ˵ȰűǣҲϼصһСֶΣ鿴ˣȴܸоֶصϢ
ãֻԼӳԱĴŷȴûӳԱĴŷֻѰˣͳ֪ͨǾλá
ҲǾ޶λȷȷԫôһСΧڣǾͲҵˣȻϱװȥǰС򿴿˵꣬˵ͷӦһ½½Ľӡ
һʮˣڽֵȺ֮У˵˵ԶԶ֪ǰӦҲʲôݣԵ̯ӻ̼ҷԼƷ
ʯѣû뵽ᣬţǸоһˬɣʯԣһ䡣
һɣʯĲɵ˵ȴĴɨţ֪ʱţ
ʱǰһӣҾ£һȺŮٽУˣмԱĸˣȺＷȥ
ʲôҪҪȥһӣ񼸱ûһ
ˣǡףߣʯȻüһڷţԼоһ˿޵Ⱥڴ˳
ûʲôϡģܶ˻⣬˵ĸɵӻɢޣףôû֣ɻ
ʯüܽޣҲڣ˵ڴݳɢޣ
ɢޣͺټˣɳϸǺ˵Ҳضزأַǳʱڣʯǽ
ߣȥ֪ͨˣʯ˵껰ȺıԵ̧ͷһƺһ漷ȥ
ҹʯ˿۵֣оЩر漴ӿ·ڼſڣͯ꣬סʯˡ
Ե˳ٽȥҪҼһͯޱ˵
ʯ˵˵ͷûҴ֪һţѾԱ˽ͯʯ֮ڿȥ
۴СԲʮңǰֻһ񣬵񣬶һԼڣòĵ
˵͸©һֹϢʯȴûзرǽ֮ϣһͼǻŸޡ
ÿͼ·һע⣬΢ɨۣʯǻע⣬ǳ֣֮һĲɼѵ
кѹѹʮˣţЩݳǵĹ֮ϣźɫͷЩǹǽһ࣬۾Ŀǽϵͼ
ҲЩЩãȻƺЩ̫ŵӣվӶȻǴֵ˻˽ȴǰĶ
һʱʱѵһ׼ʱ·վһźɫ۵ߣȺһ
ԣݵվΣε뿪˴ţʯ˱ǱӲ˽ȻԭҲҪ
ҹ񣬱ҾƽĦͼڣǿ׳ע飬ɣв޲ĸߺһ䡣
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ʯȻߵһݳǵĹҹߵף漴Ħܵİͼڣע顣
£ʯֻö˵ע⡣
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Լ䣬ʯֵǣƺ¶һЦ⣬ת˲ţ֪æɨΣǵĵȷȷһ񣬲ˡ
ʯ֣ݳǹݵͷ˿Щͷԡֵˣͷ㲻
ӣ㿴ͷûУʯһ䡣
ͷɻĿ˿֮ˣڵͷôˣʲôҲû
ͷСʯû˵꣬Ȼɫһͬʱһȡ˴ŷ
ʮԱȫۣ˵ع죬λСģڷйأ鳤ĴݣÿһԱĴŷ֮ϡ
֣ôƫԶСطȻҲаͼڣЩɻ֮ɫ˴ŷ
ͼڣʯɫһʼϸ۲һͼȻǻƵɫԼ䣬ʯȻͼƵͼ
㲻֪ͼڣҲѹ֣սڻûǰɣĦͼڣݸԲͬϲòͬ۳ͬǣʵڴݺܶطͼڵģټü
صһ
Ȼ䣬۴һأڱһƬڣʯֻһתһѣι󣬾ȻһƬѪϿգƮѪ
Ϊαװ޷𣿡һĦڴƬռ䴫˳ţ༸ӰҲ½ĳ֣


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ãսףɫһ˿ѪϿռԱһٵĶ˲÷Ը˲任սס
ȵ˵һ˵껰漴ݹһ𣬱Ű߷ȥ
Сģ
廰δ䣬ֻһѪ۶˲ǰۼƣ価һŤܿҪ
۵һ
Ѫ̼ļ򣬶ս׵ֵ˽룬㲻նֱۣҲҪ͸
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ƺǻǻ۸ʯѣɶ֮ȻӦ
²ʯ΢΢һ㶣ԼȻоǲžҲѧ˲ٶҪƵǰ󷨣ʯȻ
Ҳգҵƽ׼ϻ֮Ըһɫһ׼жӡ
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֣һ֣ʮź۵ӰǸԿƱ﹦׷׻һ⼤ʯ˺ȥ
ӭУһһ󣡡弱æһ䣬˼ʮ˹ȥ
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ߣԶˣǵġǧѪ֮ڣ൱ֺηҲֻ۷壡ľϹĺЦЦźƲƲ졣
һ۵ԶŬŬ죬ûٿ˵ľϹ׷׳֣Ը֮ˡ
սһ·ѪǾǧ㺧ˣһѪǼϯȥ
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ʮ֮УҲֻڣ۷ֻˣ⼸ʵǿĴڣЩӰزסûлչ˱ˡ
Ǽֲ˶õģľϹЦ
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ԶҪڣľϹһЦҪɢ٣Ϸɵǣֻһӡ
Ϸҵ˵ɢˣҲҪ£֣СһЩ֧˷Ҫһ
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ײ˶֮ϣ֮һɫðƵʴһɫȱڣľϹһ
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ʯ㼸ͬһʱ䣬޷֮¼򴦱һֻ͸⻹Ƕ˷ӦŶؿһֶֻɲǶؿھͿԵġ
ѣǺ⣿ʯ˲ɫڣ촽Ҳ΢΢оһ
ǿһ䱸ĿֻĶˣȴ¶֮ɫ㲻Լ֣ҲǱɡ


ڶʮ߻ Ӧ
ʲôߣѣʵڶԲΪ˻ɱСӣĳֻһ·ˣܣ˿΢΢㣬Ц
ʲôҪһɱѵҵȶ꣬㶼ǵãЩŵ˵ߣȴָ᲻ݹ⡣
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ѣʯĳδı棬֪ΪηҪʯĳ´˶֣ʯһͷóȻԥĳ֡
δı棿ߣǰ׹Ϻһʯ
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ܺꣿѵǡʯ˫ĿһɣԼ䷢ʲôڶԷһģһͬ˵ϣ˿һûڵϣѾڵķϣۼԶˡ
ֶ֣ܺɱܼ֮ˣѵΪ׾ͿԻЦѲܼˣߣЦ
ʲô˵ڹɽ˽Ī˾㣿ôɢ˵ĵӣʯЩɻ
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ŶˣǸˣ컢ӳȻǲһϵͳĳЩ飬Ƿһ顣
ϣܺҵ֪ͨӳȥΪģ㾹ȻĻʤǳϡ
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һģнâһһֻСĽɫ۶ƽȹʯ˸ֻ״̬ʵԵֵ
ѣǺֵʯȻʩչֵȴǿ˶ƻǰСĶƣһεػס˺ʯ㡣
صһ졣
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â˸֮䣬ɫͻȻǣһ±ǽƻɣţһ˳ǹصһɫײɢ
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ʯϥϵĺʧﻹажӣȻɫ΢΢ףѾԶܲԾģ
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ҪʧˣʯĳԸ㣬ԼԼģⶾ֮ҩ͡ʯһЦЦ
ʲôΪΰͣЩãȻԼǴû˽ʬ顣
ǵǰڹŻԵ𣿵Ƕ׷ɱ޻аùˡ
Юһͽߣ֮꣬УƵûаӲĽץߡ
аΪ˻ƳԶİ취ƽʬ֮漴Ը갴յó˽ҩʯ˵
ʲôǵСӣô֮ܽ죿ֲüЩ죬ԭ㣡Ȼ򣬰Իں޲ѣ֪ԭ򣬺кã
ҡͷһЦ컯ŪˣӦɣ
ʯĳĺ׷аʯĳнҩģֵܲ꣬ȻҲŹʯĳϲĶ֣ҲԻѣʯɫһ˵
ѣҴһѲɵܲ´˶֣ɫ΢˵
Ҳ֪ꣿ֮ǰΪζ֣ĳĻԣɫһ˵ʯһպóᣬ䳹׳


ڶʮ˻ ϻȼսϣ
৵һ
ݹһ붼ԶߣȻ飬ȻٷˣҺ׷֪ǷߣǼɽȶȥ
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ʯȻЩ죬սһ꣬սӦüޣǻ޶û۳ڶϻȱԵڲӶݡ
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ŶĳһʯѴԸãҪ佻֣˵꣬һ˦ҲǼԼǹ
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ߣһߣ漴ʩչ֮ɫڰղһһ˫пХɳ
ʯͷϼ˸漴һ⼤һĺȻΪһɫɽ壬һת֮»ΪɴС漴һѹȥ
ߣ˹ҲҪóԸңƺЩʶһǻ޵̧ƣ漴ʯһĶȥ


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ǹ˸һˮɢţˮĴһͷɶߵĶϬţֶâת
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޿һ֮£һϸˮԼһޱȵı׶ײɫɽ֮ϡ
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ɫɽֻǵһתǽˮǰɢϯһ޿ɵֵƣ·һѹȥ
ߣھطȻǵƲƲ죬һ֮£ˮһ׶ϯ۵ȫײɫɽ֮ϡ
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Ȼ·磬ۿɱܵǲ⡣
λҵȲ֣ȻĻĳȻܣûлɱĳһĳ뿪֮Թ޽ԽԽҵĿʯѡ˫Ŀһе˵
ԣжһ٣ûֹͣ¶˼֮ɫԲ٣Ѿ¶Ŀ϶ʯϡ
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ףн鷨ЩȻ֮ɫԲҴ֮£˫һΣһɫƳǰ漴ʯרĶս㡣
ɫɽһ֮һƽâصն˺ɫ֮ϣصһ죬ĽѪɫƱȵľȻ
ʲôڣۺ񣿾ȻȳԲ֮ЩˣԼȻģʯܺԼĶơ
ǱܴҪôۺ
òڷֳһЩ˼ٿŶƵֵʯķɽһȫĶս㣬ҲЩû뵽ʯ
ں˼֮ʣһХţһֻɫͻְգֻ֮צ̤ĵ硣
ɫͻⷭâ˸漴һ˹ȥ
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˿̸ڲֶԸ׻µһһöɫְգӭ籬ѶΪһֻͷߣͷ­棬Űɫͻȥ
ֻȻﻹûнӴһ𣬰ɫͻǾ޿һţۼ죬ʮϯͷ顣
ţһǵصϯ˾ͷߵϣһҽдֻͷ­һչΪһƬƬѪɢա
һ̣ͷȻһţ¶֮ɫռһ±ԶԶȥͷƺһ޴Ļš
һŭ֮󣬾ͷ˸âŰɫͻȻһˣƾǵصķϯȴ޷ƿĻ֡
Щľʯս֮ǿȥԼȻܣת׿˿ϻȣ¶֮ɫ
벻ʯѾȻȼǻޣ֣ȻܽС΢΢һЦ漴Ȼһߡ
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һ촫ôԷ֮ʣʯȻŰ׻һ³˾ͷߵĻ֣һڽмǿͷ­ҧ顣
ͷȻû⼸ͷ­ǿۼò˶ãͼӡ
ãüһֻҪԼķ٣ڲֶԸֻǻޣ˫ȭѵ֣οԷ֣
৵һ
ɫһףȻһߣƺʩչĳһ±ļǿʯ˵ı﹦˲ѡ
ţݹһ𣬱ԽǾ޴ʯ˶ϻ֮ڣ̧һУǱ
ãǱ˽ȥȻЩɵ֮ɫ˿ʯ֮ûȥ׷
ߣõҪֹ׷ҪΣգҲǰ·кξ壿һΣգһӡʯɫ
Щ׷׷֮ʯ߶ݹ⣬Ŷϻȿȥ
˿ЩΣ֪ϻΣķΪֻӲͷƤ˽ԭΪ˲һ׷
֪ʯɱģȰ˵֮£㾹ȻҲֻܼӶݣаߣȻǰҲҪźá
һ׷һתۣʾȥʱ䣬ǰ֪նɱ˶ޣʯں治ĸţûһֱ׷
ʯѺð취ܹݣһǰ·նɱҲķѲһ׷Ҳû˶֡ЦЦͬʱҲʯļơ
ѿˣﴦΣգԻǲҪóȻ׷ĺáʯһģӦʱţԸޣǷŻ١
޻֮˲׷⼸ʱҲĽӽ˶ϻķΧ޲ԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽ͡
һֻ֮ƿڴһ䣬Ѹоʯ˵Ĺƣƫƫûʲô취Ըǡ
ɶݼ䣬ɫ԰׵ǰһ֣ݹӿ˼ֻ֣ϣ˦ˣҸȫطֻϧޱԼǶ׷Լֱͨ衣
У˴֮ãȻǰһƬĿյأǰһƵļ̳мͰ̬忴мֻ͸¶һɲɣ֮⡣
ҪɶݣȻ䣬оһŨŨΣУǰһԼ䣬оƺһֻľޣǰԼ
һûóȻǰУԵ֮ʣٴ׷ۼʯ׷ɫһ
ҵģҪһԱϣ˷ӦǴΣյĵطȥһʯ
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Ȼ䣬̳΢΢һһɫڰһƬ̼䣬һ㵭ɫ۶ɡ
ʯЦõǣȻԼҲ˽мŴС㶵Ŀܵľ޴֣¶֮ɫ
㴥˲ƣ·һߣȻɫɣһִ˹ԼȻ޷ƿ
ɫڣап಻ѣ˭ഥƣ˶Լǻʲô·оԼԩֱޡ
໺
Ȼ䣬Զһ޺𴫳ǰλãţ˸оһӴѹϯƬռ䣬ⲻͷƤһ飬ᵽɤۡ


ڶٰʮ ϻȼս£


һĦĳԶ˳ţ˷Զ۶ϣ޺֮΢΢
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·һֻȻŴ˵˹һͰɽ屻ײ飬ľ۶ϣһṦ˾ֵƼһСͷ­ڹľ̽˳
ԥľֻܿһݰСͷ­ֻ޴Ŀ˸âĳȣаҡ
Źͷ­֮ϣһëҲûУЩԲ״ƤͬɿݵƤ˾޴Ĺ˻ͷһμ
ʲôɫһüвԶʤˣʯˣҲǶͷֱð亹
ߣδ³Խ˽ڴԲɫ΢˵
ԽڣǲǾԪޣǿ൱ԪϹ֣˵ǿԻûΣԵĴڡ
һҪͬսǿһЩ⾧Ԫޣɱ練ƣҵȲʱ¶Թӳ˵زɫһ˵
⡭˫ĿһУ漴˿ʯȷʺңҪԼѰ취־
ףʲôʯָָͷ­֮󣬲мܺĶţŹһǼںĶǷ
ƺĳֽ˴˵أֲ֮ǰͲ֪ܷѼһϲ漴Щ
໺𣡡
ٴŭһֻĿâһ˿ŭ֮һ壬һ
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Ȼʯ΢΢һЦ漴˿ȹ̵Ĺ֣¶Ϸ֮ɫĿ
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֮ˣһЩС壬ҲԼĶ֣ܽʯ
һ̣ȭ׼ȫ֣ʯһȭһȣ漴Ǻʯȭͷϡ
صһ죡
˫һΣ漴ɫ䣬һƺ֮ߵķһ㣬һڰո߸߷ײ˽ɫ֮ϣŷ档
ȿȣ
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صһ졣
ɫصײ˶֮ϣŵŵŵĵ˺üסαһȭӲӣ
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ʯһȣһС˸ȴ淭ɫ޽ٶ֮죬ֻһģǴš
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ǿһɫϣ¡¡һ죬ҡΣѺֶɫâ˲ʯǰռ䡣


ڶٰʮһ Σ
ϼɢ˿ȫʬʯ˲鿴ãŷԪָԼɢڵļ
ʯûȥȡʲôת׿˿㡣
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ʯĳѡ֧ȡɱҶ˺ʯĳɲܶбҲֵˡʯ΢Ц
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ʯɲ̰ģбԼ̣Լȡ֮Ԫָ㣬俴һ
ʯѴʴ壬ЩѵĳһֵҵЩҲҪģ΢΢һЦָʯ
Ȼˣʯĳѡˡʯڶԣѡȡֻ漴ѡ˼ֻƿУԼϣһ
ʯĳ̣ÿһ룬ѡģռѵıˡʯ˵ŻԪָ㡣
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ãĳͲˣ͵Ŀ˿ʯ漴Ʒ򵥵Ĵɨһսϥ
ʳУ˵ɣԼһϲͨģֻܽϣʯˡ
պʯоϢ߰˰ˣ˭ûü鿴ЩƿеƷֻԺ鿴ˡ
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ʯ˿ڵ̳Լʯ漴˹žڽɫо˰࣬ƾǹκУҲûʯ˿ġ
ֹʱ䣬ʯ˼Σټ̳ʱ콣ȴ޷Ƶ̳
ʯѣҪҰæ𣿡˫Ŀ˵һ䡣
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ҲãǾͰʯѵ˼ҲͷһЦ漴ᡣ
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һɽ֮ڣλãʯԹ֮ϣȻһߣʴ֮չ
̺ȥʮ֮ãʯȻһȻҲǺܼûжҲЩҪǺ޷
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ʯƺƴ󣬼ҲһɫӴ֮£Ǳݿķ׷˺ѡ
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ȿȣʯɫ԰׵ĿһǿŷӿѪû³һߣȻһҲʧ
գһµ˵ãȺǿߣ
ˣʯЦҡҡͷδ䣬ܳʮֻޣд붼ǽڣǿ൱ڼʮڣߣ


ڶٰʮ ɢ
Ҫս׵ֵǸΣգʯѣô죿һ취ҲûˣǲܵȻʯһ䣬Ҳûָʲô취ֻǱܵѯʰˡ
ӣʯĳûʲôð취ǹһֱڵȴʱֱƵſʼǶ֣ңԶ뿪ĹΧ
ǣǱȺȴȻ֣ƽʱҽӽֻ޸ģ׼ǿˡʯЦҡҡͷӳڣȺ
˶ޣ֣Ҳܱɢ㵥һǹץС
ޣҪֻܸƾԵˣѣ뿪˵ضɢټʯ֣ص
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˵껰ȳ˳ȥʯȻ룬ֲɢһΧֻ߰ޣ̽˷뿪
˿ʯɹ˲̫࣬»Ͼطǰ·֮оֻݣɶٶȱʯֻ첻
ֻӳ֮ԶʯٴαΧͻƣɾûôˣ޻񣬻ʯ
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ҲգȻˣͶһΣ˵Żʯȱת֮£һϢ˲󽵣ȻصԪϾԲϢսҲ˲任
޽ӽǵһһöУڼֻ޷ʯܺȻֵǹ⣬ʯӰ
͸أʯӰʧһֻֻ¶ãȻ֮ɫһ
Ƭ̺ûҵʯ֮âһڷ˻ȥ

ͬһʱ䣬ϻĳһɫ֮ڣһźɫ۵߱Ŀһʯɽ
˵ؼ䰲мֻ·Ҳȥ֣Ȼ֪޷ƿ
Ȼ䣬ָϼһһŻ۵ӰһĵֶɫЩ԰ףһϢҲ鸡ȡ
ףˣôǱɱң˷ûд죡üͷһ壬˿ꡣ
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ȿȣǰԺ˵ۼżֻ޳ʯæ֮У漴һƨ˵棬ڴڴŴ
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Ҳ˽һЩӦϹԪɣôţаЩɲ
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״ܺЦԭˣϲֻһְˣҲ˹ʺ˶ѣһΪʲôȻţ𣬻ǿһ
ִµӣҿɲôʯԼЩ΢ŭ
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ǰΪηҪңʲôôţҲЩʯü
˰ɣа·ʲôЦЦЩӶٸһС
ҲһѣΪԼ˲ˣ̬Ժγɴ£Ϸһ䣬ǰ£ǷҪ񣿡
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ߣֲα׷ɱ治֪ôģǰΪüֵϷдͷ
㼸ûüֵɱɱֻϷһ֮䣬ȻˣΪ˽ҵĶһѣϷǻ뿪Ұµ³ֻ·һаЦ
лǰɱ֮ʯ¶м֮ɫЩƣȴϢһ˵Żʯֵı˫Ŀڤ
״аҡͷ̾Ϣһ֪˷αظ˷ϷĴͷΪϷ˵оĻУаЩ
ת׿˿ʯסĶڣаоâһֿ˿ܵĽƹ֣ɫȻ
ʱ仺ţתۼ䣬ңʦȻһаǲۣǳ֮ɫ
Ϊ˵ȡҩΪҲǱ뵤屻ϣȻˣֻﰲˡ
ֻк۷ΪҪڽһʵ̫ѣָСȡƽ죬ûʲôϣˡа˿ʯɱһ
Сӣ֮أϷѰаɫһ˵
ԣʯ˫ĿһڵǰѾˣͲͷˡ
ߣ͹Ҫɱ㣬Ϸ۷Ϊָ֮аЦ
ǰ¸Ǽ٣ϵ֮ɣʯ˵껰аüһϻֳһĨЦ漴ֳ̧ʯһץȥ


ڶٰʮ а֮
ٺ٣СӵǴҾҪһ֮аһ̧һץ֮£ʯӱɼķɵգ漴ڻаǰ
ָң˵껰аҲʯͬͬŪһֻ˳Сһ㣬ʯһֱһѽקǰָʯϡ
۵һ
֮£ʯڷɳһץʯĻа˲䴩͸һѪ̼˳
а㵣ϵʹʯ֮ѽҲûüǡ
ţаοˣϱǾֻ֣˵󴦵˼£漴æ̷һŵҩ
㣬ôܣϷѹ֮£ôѵ㲻ԪϾа˫ĿһУӦٴɨΣʯĵȷȷһԪϾ߲١
ٺ٣Ϻ꣬ʧˣʯĳͽٴ˹ʬʯĳó֣Լǻ
ʯһϢһۺͷŶȻԶԷһ۷壬ҲһлɱԼ
ао綾ʵǴۿۣȻʯ̻һֲУԼ̱˳ȥ
ʲôȻϷĲ̽аɫԽԽŨԼ¶֮ɫ
ڿɲͬЯһЩҩԼһЩԶʬĵҩǰһգȻҲʯڱ
֮УҵҩĵطûУʯ˵ֻҪûнҩаֻܵ۵ܲµģ
Ǻǣ㵱ʯĳΪ£ҪǻЩüֵУĳнⶾܷŹġ
ʩĳȻʲôСˣҲ㲻þӣľǱвȣЩʱ̲ӳħơʯȻϻаԼûʲôвĵض㵽֮⡣
ЦаϹʲôˣպĶޣȻսһսʤԼһһСģڴĶʯ¾Ҫˡ
۵һ
Ҳ֪ģǶģаȻһںѪ΢΢һϢ촽ҲԳ֮ɫ
ʯа˫Ŀ΢죬ЦĳݺһһΪڷԪ
ǻɱǱ壬ڷ̵˶ϷĨɱһ⣬ͬƥС
û뵽ȻһëͷСϷ򲢲ûмΪʵûпĳȻԩķڷ
վڵ棬΢΢аԳһȻ֮ɫƺԼ٣ⲻùʯЩ㵡
һЩͽҩʵ飬ֶɱģʯĳ¶ˡʯû˵꣬а˰֡
¶ģԺˣΪˣɱ˾Ǻˣɱ˵ģֻзеıͳߣūûȨĲŲɱˡ
Щʵȥ㿴ɻŹ㣿һ̤;ɼϵԪϾ߽ߣĸû
Ϊ߻ϱɲ˸ԱΪ˭ֻȥܣôң̤;һϴδȾѪɱĿɶ޶֮ˣаЩվסһĵڵء
⡭ʯüڵʯĳӲɱˣЩҲɱ˹ıʯĳԲò֡
Ц˵ڹɽ˫ĸǻˣ˭ΪԼŵ棿
ʦֵűѩ޽ԷˣǶԷӵʦֵָȥ˭ĳ˵˵ɱˣζɱĶǶˣ㣬ȷ𣿡аԵʵ
ʯĳΪ棡ʯЩҡǰδǹЩط֣Լˣıˣ֮ʱȫͬˣɱء
ǵԼģʯֺγǵͽϴ˭ֻĽ˴βȥɱıңұɱʯֹ
Ϊ棿ߣĳΪ棬ǿۣ߱Ϊ棬ֻܲϱǿ·ɱ¾
ûĳĲɱˣͳûȨūɱ˻ĳ磡аЦ
ʯЩ΢ĿŻа̾ϢΪܣȻˣ
ĳһֻԼӳûбʩңѲΪһл㣿Ϊ棬ϷǧټƵɱ㣬뻻Ҳһа˫Ŀһգƺ˵ûˡ
Ǻǣ𣿡ʯЦҡҡͷʵԼȻаҲףûֶǿѾ㡣
ʲô۲۵ģϷֻǻԼԼѣĳϴ˵ؾ֮ʵжûƽ죬ҲҪ˵ء
Ի磬ҲԲڵУϷоһӵľ綾֮£Ǹĳ衣
гһգȻĳø
ʯ׹аĿ˿ʯһĶͷâһصһ죬ͷ­˲ըѶ
һԱ磬Ǻεȿֲƻ
Ӵѹϯȥ˲䱻УһƹȻζƿռһƬâʯʵ
Ҳ֪˶ãϼɢһƬǽ壬һ޴֮⣬ﻹлаİӰӣ
ˣʯЩЩп֮ǰÿһԤ֮ڣΨаʵڳʯϡ
ĬƬ̣ʯŻаһ
ΣҲӵİңʯƹ֣׼ѰһаΪֻѰãҲûпʬ塣
ף
ʯȻ֣һöԪָڵ£䵥һУವһָǳʯС
Ȼһߣ׵ؽӡĨ漴֪һɨȥ࣬Ҳûʲô߰Ĳϡ
ƿƿ޹ޣԼһЩҩһЩ綾֮ﵹǲ٣һЩ棬Ҳûʣ¼
û˴ͷҪΪΪѰҩܽǰĶʹã֪߼öʯڼʲô
˵Żʯһöʯȡ˳ǵõһμʱ򣬾ڻа￴ġ
ϸؼһʯöֱž綾ҩ綾දԼãöԪʯֱһЩ֮
Ķ䣿ʯ˫ĿһУԼ˽ⶾޣҲóһöʯޱȣַƺǰöʯͬ
ƺǳԻа֣֮ǰ¾ǻа˵ŴͷһõˣֻǶʵûʲôô
ʯʼ磬ɢ˼˶ۺ죬ֻԼǶޣǿһЩϣƬ̣ת׿˿Զʯɽڴһʯڵţʯ¶˼֮ɫ


ڶٰʮĻ 
аԶԴ˵أ϶ʲôܣʯ˿ʯڵĶڣ˼˵
ʯʯ漴䱦˼˼Ƭ̣ڸĳһơ
صһ죡
ʯӦѶʯķѷɽЩӽʯңǱһε˷ĩԽӽֺ
ʯаɫƣɫɽͷϿգźɫڻ˽ȥǴŽ֮ɫ
һɫڣʯǸоһϯΪҲɵô˸
󣬴һɶߣǰһνʱʯûע⿴ʵҲûע⣬ǸһڣǱ˳ȥ
һǻûһ̽аˣҲӲʵ֪һλ
ʯᶴв磬ƶƻǰǰȥֻĲľ룬Խǿ
ʮ֮䣬֮ʯѾǰľ󣬸֪ͷŶ漴ǰһɨ
ףʯɫһ˵ؾȻ˸֪޷̽ǰһʯ㲻̫óȻжˡ
ʯԼƵľ룬ŲԷŻ˫Ŀ΢Уǰģľ
صһ졣
ǰƺײʲôȻ䵹ɶʯһæһΣǿǿĶ˹ȥǲֱһ¡
գµĻаҲǱ˺ɵģҪǻײ¾л·ˡʯ˫Ŀ΢УԼ俴ǰƺһɫĻ·ı任ɫ
ʯӽĻ棬ǰһ̽۵һ죬ָ·һˮĻʯȵǣԼ־Ȼ׵ش͸˹Ļ
֣ƶܵɣѲĻֻǰ裬κ˶룿ʯЩ⣬Ƭ̣˫ĿȻһ
ЧˣһƵĽƹĻνһ˫֮˲ƣô˵ҾͿɶˣٺ١ʯ˵껰ɽһĻ֮ڡ
ˢһ¡
ʯһ֣һ伫ʯȣɿʮҵĳȣһ޴ʯţϲǸֳһɫƣһϢ
ǽ࣬һͼÿһͼһʯ֧ţֻʯܣֵǣ˵ĸͼ
ͼڣʯһ۱˳ֻ˵صİͼڣԼмĲ࣬ϸӦƺܸоǹϢ
ܸо滭߲ƺǻһ㣬֮ǰںڷ̾ݵ㣬Ǹҹ֮ڼİͼڣԡ
ʯֻӴΰͼڣ˵ڴƺ٣ֻһֱԵüԺȥлӦȥʶһ
ʯĿ˿һͼƵǾβʮ㣬ͼ·һע⣬ͼʯϷעžβ֡
β롭ʯûϸͼεĿ˿ͼ࣬ĸͼ֮Уͼܽг֣һ䲻ʶҺ·ע֣ơ
ԼѾӵˣĵûУתУʯ˿ĸʯܣֵȻûͼȻơ
𽣬ɽ֩룬ˮߡ⥡ʯ˫ĿһУԼ۳ǣֵûм
ٺ٣½գϵ£ȫʯЦЦ⼸ͼȻᡣ
ĸͼ֮⣬ʯҲ˳ȡǣȻ֮ǰǿʯʲô˵Żʯ̧ȾҪ뿪
ף
ʯȻ֣ǽһ࣬ķͼľͷһС֣ϸһ֮£ʯɵɫһ
ͼ
۲˼飬ʯƺһֹֻȻо֮󣬲ûʵ֣ƺͼûд롣
ļأͼڣҪͬʱ۰˿ǣɲһģһ󷨣Ը֮ͬʱ۰˿ǡ
ڰ˿۳ڵɲǣûǿ֮˿ͬʱ̵
ٽ֮Լصڣһгɣ֮ѹϹ޵ĵزʩչ޵ıͨ
ϼźˮߣһг֮ˮͨ᲻Գɣ࣬ǿ߷ɶٶȣͬ󼰡
ֻأʣ༸ͼڼҵǻ磬һϢûУʯü
˵ݰͼкܶ࣬ЩͼӦòѣұУһǿԺܿˡ
ʯ̾һȻ֪ͼƳɵģǼۣʯ̾Ϊֹ˼롣
˿ԶʯţʯƬ̣ڵȻ˺ôΪ˱ǽٵٽЩͼ۳˵ʯźʲôΣգżߺ󣬿¾ȡ⼸ͼˡ
ԥо֮£ʯ˫Ŀһͼ˿ע飬治дϲãиԸͨҲصϸ֡
һᣬʯԼβԽ˽⣬·Լദ˺ܶһ㣬ǰͼľβƺԼһ顣
ʯоĳֹ֮ʱͼϹâһʯ΢΢һľβȻʯһȥ۵һǽ֮ڡ
ֻβҪѣʯʶӰ̧һ㣬ɫһβ
ھβҪ֮ʣʮȻһа׻ǱĿϼ漴Ϊһֻɫͻžβһ˶ȥ
һʮǳһǼ򵥻ɫ
ʱ仺ţתۼ䣬һ±ǹȥˣʯڽͼΪ֮ڣɫĹ˷Ǽ˳
ʯ׼һͼ֮ʱʱſʼģҲҲƺҪַ·Щִһ㡣
ʯûҼֻ֣ͼڣԺеǻѰңҲһʱ󽫼صĹٵȥ
ʯŸʯ˿ǲǸֳƣü΢΢һһ⡣
ƺ㾭Ƶ󷨷ģֻʽͬʯ֮Ϻνƣǲ֪һ˫֮ʱʲôơ
ֻһȣ͵õǧʯźܿ»ʯЩڴ漴ʯһĶȥ


ڶٰʮ 
صһ졣
ʯϣŻ˿ʯһ䲻ɫһٴһģֱۣȴû˿Ч
ȻнػʯüԼ֮ҪƵƿºѣƽƺҲ̫ʵ
ȻϾѾˣʯȻǲŹһ
һӣɫɽһ֮صնʯ֮ϣâ֮£һɫƸֶ漴ɫĻɫɽһɡ
˸ֹ﹥֮ʯ׵ķƽϥʯŶ棬۲ʯϵ˳
ŰºʯЩ͵̫ѨҡͷЦһǺǣֲ£ֻʺϣķļʱԲ͸
ʯҡҡͷ£ҲͲ˷ʱ䣬վ֮󣬽ڷ߰˴Σûʲô֮󣬲ת뿪ȡ
һṦʯɽ˳˿ӣһ֮£΢΢һȻϣҲƽޱȡ
ʯһʯɵգǶٴڸǲϸø֪鿴ۺѷ֡
ڵͼһû٣аɲĲӦǱǽƹĻס޷ȥ
ʯҡͷЦ⻨а뿪˵нƹ֣װбĶڣȥţҲǿ
ֲã
ʯ˫ĿһȻаԼΪƵƽ죬˵ǶЩЧа׼ƽƹĻô֮ڣƭʯ˵ΪƽĽƹ֡
Ϻ꣡ʯЦЦƬ̺ЦݻʧһصӣΪƹܣʱ޳֡
ֻ߰нʵֻ߽ףǿ൱ںڵĴڣʯûʲôգ⼸ֻ߽޿ߡ
Ǽֻڵͽףʯû̫ϣ̫࣬ʯԴ˵ΣܵҲΪϤ
ʯ뿪ƹֻ֣ҪԶЩֻǶţԲ׷ʯƹԶһЩЩ޲Żᷢ
ʯȻȬҲɽ֣ԼûлаΪʵɽ޷򿪣ⲻʯҲЩż
ѲɣҲҪûа³Զʯ˫Ŀһǵõ֣ſӳȥԼڣʵڲ֪ʲô취
˼ʱ䣬ʯһֱûߣھǵʵǰκεļıԵòһ
ʵڲУֻаһڴ˵ˣΪ˵ƽ죬ΪΪʵǰޡʯ˫Ŀһ˵
Ƭ̺ʯٴ¶ɫ˵򵥣ҪԼڣû˿ҩ£Ҳ֪Ҫ˷Ѷʱ䣬ʮʮҲýڡ
֪ˣ·ö๺ЩԪģϧȴóʯɬҡҡͷ
ټϻа񣬿СףˣаЩƿƿ޹޻û鿴ǶޣҲȫǶûĵҩɣ
˵Żʯڴ֮ɫһӣаЩƿƿ޹ȫ˵棬һֻ򿪼
һ
һɼŨĶϢӭԼƿðʯͫһæƿǿϣֽƿһԡ
϶
иһ䣬ʯһֻƿʱ仺ţ鿴˽һƿһʶĵҩûУеǵҩƿװĸǸɫķĩҺ塣
ʯȤȱȱóһֻƿ鿴֮ʱƿǺûйζһӯܿϧҩʯʶ
ף澹ȻǩôеĴ洢ҩַʯƿһֻǩд鵤֡
ǩʯǲİ۵ĵҩַֻаһɢޣôԼǲס
ʯǩ˹ֺ滹С֡塯
壿ʯɻ֮ɫƺ϶£ȥȡҩԲű׷ɱ
ĸɣʯҡҡͷԼ״˵鵤漴鿴ƿ
һṦʯϱ¶ϲ֮ɫԪͷƿǳԵ֣֮˫Ŀƿƿ޹ޡ
˴յĹʯûϲɫ¶ɻ֮ɫûջ񣬶ջ
ǵԼ֮ȥһΣڵĵ߽׵ҩҲûеƷ׸ߡ
ĵҩãҸ߽׵ҩ༫䷱࣬ȫʢʱڣҲǿܱȵ⻨а͵Щ
徿ʲôطѲɻаѶˣ˶ĵҩǵƵĵҩ洢Խڡ
ʯ˼˵֮ǰƿڣʯֻЧҲ󲿷Ƕ洦ĸ߼ҩ
Ԫʮƿһƿ߿ֵ֮࣬ҩԷԪвСĺôһƿҩ˵۷壬Բʱõġ
һʯܲԾģֱʣ˳ǮڶƲЩҲѹ׷ɱа
⻨а޼׼߽ݾԲȥ͵ĵҩЩֶΣʯ̾һ䣬ֻϧЩҩȫʯ
ˣȻҩ˳㣬ԲĶ㹻ˣҲһʱȽΪһ£˲мְգ˦Ǽֻ޵ġʯɫһٿ顣
ʯƿƿ޹ֻЩĵҩսԼԪָڡ
һֻƿȡԪʯͬǶһķŵ漴˫Ŀһյ
һĻҪûаٰܽѾ͵˶ĵҩҲʯܼңüһ̵
ȻܼӿһЩٶȣҲ˷ѴҩԣϾٶޣͬʱǰҩЧͬʱġ
ͬһʱ䣬ͼɽڣ
ͳһϣ·վɫ㣬һɱ֮бӣȻǷԪϹһϢȫû˿ԶԶܸоһѹ
ͳ죬㼱ٻν£Ҫ֪߹֮սңʱܱһ㲻֮µġһĮ˵
ͳüͷһ壬ڵҶӳӳ˷¹شԲλسǣڷַոճڶСǰȥ֧ԮȫûҾӣԼϵһ϶ԱҲ
ʲôڷ̣Ȼ˶֣Įüͷһ壬бһҰްâ߶źڷ֡


ڶٰʮ ƿ
Ƽ
һתۣһʱȻ
һʱڷ˵ֳһ꣬ڵͽ˵ЩΪڸֻ߽գգۣձչؾ͹ȥ¡
һЩķһЩ仯һȴǷ˲٣
ȸ֮䣬ڹɽ֮ԭַ½һСɣٶѸͣһ³Ϊ˶ɡ
ңϼ壬ΪսЩģҲǵõ˾޴ĺôԴ˷չѸͣԼ嵽ǰ֮С
ˣȻûа䣬Ҳû̫ɫȻøۺ붯ĵģˡ
һڿνǴ̸۵Ļ⣬չѸͣ͵ľ޴ԴǲһŲʲô
ڴǿֵأԴḻʸЩʤȫ˽
ǰԪһЩϣԪϾӣӣ׷׳ǰݸˡ
ٶ֮죬ֻһʱ䣬ˣЩʼѵ˵ӣһʱǽԪϾ
ԪϾӣҲٴδʮ˶ʮˣ죬չѸͣټԴ㣬Ǵӡ
ϲĵӣַһЩҩ˿ԸĽף䷢չٶȲѹжǲϷԪϹԼ֮䣬ϾҪ»عһˡ
ۺʼɣ˵죬лչˣڴݻʳƤ£ɲȥʲô鷳
ȻۺˣɲǸ壬ҲڶݣЩȥˣ˴չڻʳǸЩӰ졣
Ҫ֪ʳǸһ֮죬ûҲЩ£ٴگޣ֮󣬻彫ջؾگʹȨ
ˣ廹һҪϢֻҪǧˣǾǲһûзԪҲڴݡ
һﶼֿ˻ǶЩѹƣڳΪµ塣
㷢չٿ죬һʱҲ뿪ݵʱˣʱ뷢չɾͲڵٶˡ
ƺںԪϺԤһ㣬յӣֻµӵҪ߲١
һյ˾󾫣ٶںѽ׳һǧˣԴˣ೤Щ飬뵽Ԫǰ·Ҳš
Ȼ仯ģڷչѸ֮£ǲ֪ʲôʱʼȻһص
Щƽźۣ죬һӲǸ壬һˣȴҲԲĸš
ǰʱĹǵȴΪǹĦЩʱ֣Žⳡ
ңֵĻƽʱѼ
Ҳкٵļˣƺ֪׷ײǣ˵һؼĺڰڷ̣
˵ƽڷ̵˳֣˵ǰɱ޹ÿζǳݣ˲ΰ
ûкˣʱ򻹻ЩһЩЩȻ޷ڰǰعٸȴǳˡ
ٸѸ£ڷ̱а̣ƭգɱ޹Щ޹ʧͯҲǺڷν
һʱĻ̻̣۾һĨڵСϰգô£˳ֹ֧ٸ̬ȣ˰ֺ֧ڷ̵
ڷ̵ҲùΪع飬ڷҲ˲٣Ҳ¶ͷ̫ϢͨҪڷ̾ݵȥ¥ա
۷̸߲ŶԲߣ

˸º󣬶ϻĳһƬɫָ֮ء
ʯУâͷâҫǰֻ߰ƿһϢۺޱȣǱյ㣬Ҳ˿
ˢһ¡
ʯ΢΢һɫһףâ漴ͷҫ۹ϼҲ漴ϨһϢָƽ
ʧڵƿ֮ѣʯüͷһ˵
һ֮ǰʯ㻨߰˸µʱ䣬һЩҩǳɹĽ׵ڡ
֮һʱʯķ൤ҩȻһֱŬΪҲвСǴﵽ۷֮ȴʼѽһ
ǰĲ²⣬ʯΪ˳ĵҩʱΪӦòѣû뵽һʱһƿ޷ͻƣʯЩ
Ȼﵽ۷壬ǰЩӦò⣬³ָޣһֻҲǿӵõһȺ¾ЩΣˡ
ʯ˿ԶһЩޣ¶˼֮ɫ
վΣʯضѣȻҩ㣬ʱ䵹ҲǺںʯоԼƿҩ޷
Ȼʲôԭ򣬵ĥʱһֱʯоҲͻƿ
ǵʱ뵤ҩܽģҲǰֱȴʼտƿ޷ͻˡ
Ȼʱ޷ͻƣȥɽܷǵʯţ˵ŻʯĵĽɽڣֻǲһĹ򣬱ǻͷ˳
£ʯйһطҲ˵أƶݷڽһƪҩƪаġĶ䡯޷Ҳȫ²һ
ʱеǣʯҲżȥһʯҽҩ֮һȫµʶҲһȫµĸ߶ȡ
һּ򵥵ĶҩûнҩʯҲа취öҩƽ⣬Ȼѧְܶ취ⶾȻ˵ȵ
ϴμǧѪʯҲϡ棬ҪٸԼһλᣬʯ֤ԼܺܿƵ󷨡
ΪѾ˽⵽ǧѪ󣬸һ׵󷨣ԭӦýѪǲֲ󷨣ʯҲ˵ܶʱƵ
ʱ仺ţʯоûʲôԲоʱ򣬲ĵ׼ٳһͻƿ漴̷ŵҩչ£Ϊ˿ʼͻƿ
򲻴ȻˣȲһʱʯԲֹڣȻҪﵽڣԲ߾Ԫ֮ʯɫ˵
Ϊ˻Եȥðգ˷ȻղǺܴ󣬵ҲܱͳΪ˻а³Ҳգһ
ʯ緢˵漴Ʒɽڸһ£ݹһ۵һڽ£תͣ
ʮöɫץУȻЩܸ޴̫Σʯֻˣʯһǻһ紩ֻ޶ʱ˫Ŀһ漴׷׷ȥ


ڶٰʮ߻ 
һ뿪ƹֻֻ֣˫Ŀâһδ׷ʯԽԽԶֻǲٵȴ׷׷ȥ
ʯԥһ֣ʮöɫ漴Ϊһ࣬׶׹ȹֻϯȥ
ֹϼϯգСӣֻȴ¶֮ɫֻâһӲڸֹϼ֮г˳ȥ
һֻ̣һ£ʯӰȴǳԶߣۼ׷ˣ޲׷׷֮
ֻʯ»һȻΪһƬƣ̤֮ϣʯӰֻһģʧʡ

ʯĳ˿˿µĻƣϳ˾ϲ֮ɫ
û뵽ƶݷ棬Ҳ۷壬û취ٺ٣ŽĻƶݷ
վڻ֮ϣʯһֽƵĸоÿʩչֹ֮ɳɣԶԪϾʩչѪҪǿĺܶࡣ
Ҳ޷ʩչȻûѪǰ޴󣬵ʩչһΣҲǼķΣķʯȻЩޣȻ˷
ɴ»ҲƾĶݹ⣬ڰշɳۣȻˣҲǰڷɶݿࡣ
ֻѪ֮ķѾԪԪ治׶ã
ȻмԪʯ˿Ӷ࣡
һĹʯо׷ʼŻٶȣһ̷һԪĻָ
һպʯһƬʯɽϿշɹһ߷ɶݣץһöʯһ߽߹·ߣԼĵò¼Ԫʯڡ
ٺ٣лΪ辫֮ʱҲû˿ӡͼʯʯЦЦ
ף
Ȼ䣬ʯǰĳһɹɿֲĲƺڴսҿ٣ҶǸ߽޵ӡ
һϢޣ·һʯһ˷֣ʯԷģȻڸ˹ȥ
Һû֣Ȼ϶ȺʯЦЦҲᵽȱĺô
һЩʵǿޣԶԶܸоЩ·һжϳԷʵãǻᷢ͹ʯϢļûУǶ˶޵̽顣
Ļʱ䣬˵ײٲϮˣһʯһתȱһʩչ֪ҪʱţĿνǲС
ԪպʯǸоЩ⣬æһƬֱԵͣϵĳָ
Ϣһʱ䣬ʯо˵ز˾·лǰ֪żɨɨ棬Ͼֵط˵ʲôһЩټҩ
׺ʯ˫ĿһȻһֻڵͽ׵İ׺൱ڣҪ֪׺ļ۸һԶ֮ͬϣǽϡ
ΪǺצϣѪеһҩǺƤǿ߼ֽĶϡ
ȻɹҪ׺֮ëʵľѲϣʯоĴûޣȻĸȥ
ֻڵͽޣʯûģֻ¶̫󣬲սپĻ޵ע⣬ʱԼܿܰæһ
պʯֻ׺һտ֮أ׺ܾؿۣС΢΢һƺʲô
Ƭֻ̺׺¶ϲɫĳɿȥʯЩɻѲֵֻܽãǲҪĺá
һ㹦Сͣ˫ĿŹ⣬ԶԶһþ£һɫѩף޻޹Ĺֲꡣ
˿ֲֻгߣҲûκҩ㣬ʦƽƽ棬ʵڲ֪СѰҴкá
ۣ֨֨
ʱСʯ̽ͷ­һ˫ۣСţ漴˫ĿȻһһı顣
һ
ʯûڳ֣С龹Ȼ˳嶯˲ϣԾأǿѩɫֲȥ
ƺʲô
ֻ׺һתףպÿСŰɫֲ˹ȥЩɫСϲû֮ʱ԰˰ġ
۵һ
׺ſһ磬һƬɫϯʯüһ˹ʵǰ׺õֶΣһֽı;
ǰ׺һı£ߣ̱ȥӰ׺䣬ЩȻֿܹǲӰ׺ķԸ
ãʱʱҲԹ׺ɱüˣֻʣ½Լʯܲģ
ǽûﵽ޵ļζԸֻ׺

£ʯһ˦ϢһڽɫɽϯСһնȥƿ˶Ĥۡ
ۣ֨֨
ʱС΢΢һ㶣ۼСڷۺɫڳһâһޱȵٶȣ˲Լ߻
״׺˫ĿһɣʯҪ⣬ȴǾŭȫȩ̈һֻצȻŽһĶȥ
ವһ
ٿ죬ܿùǵ⣿Ҫ벻˺ͱı·ߣʱȡǿɰɫꡣ
Хһ
ʱʯĽɫɵպն׺һȻоʯ£ȻûߣſһƬŽɫɵϯ
ţ׺һŵ棬һ̰Űɫҩ˹ȥСΪ˶ǵצâֻø׺·ߡ
ף⾿ʲôҩȻð᣿
ڰ׺ҪӽҩԶ֮ʱۼžҪȡҩ䲻¶ϲɫһֻ̣׺ͫһ̧ͷȥ
һС˸ɫϼɽ壬Ȼڰ׺ͷϿ۶ɣϯһɻѹŰ׺Ȼһҡ
״ֻ׺ҲηȡҩòɫɽѹС˫Ŀһٴγɫҩ
ն
ʯ̧һ㣬ɫɽ˲΢΢һǻɫܾطİ׺һնȥ׺ɫһ˲оǿѹԼԵֿ
̰ҩҲҪУ䲻ĵĿ˿ԶҩתܣֻܳԶֻ󱳴ڳһѪ
ܳûǳ׵ĵ˵ϣʯɫɽæ׺ԣһУһֻ͸ڰ׺ڷɳʯ
ǧƿƤëźã
ǶˣۼźѪǲҪˣҪƤë¹צܶᱻʴʱɾͲֵǮˡ
ʯŰ׺ʬ壬Сժ°ɫҩż֮ɫһڱȥ
һ
һ̣ɫƣͷڽڰθߣ̼䣬ȻΪһֻҵĺӣڴһ°͸°͹֮ƺ廹׳
ԽԽŨʯĽ飬Լʩչκ£ԿֺǻڸǴһӴϢԶɢȥ
ľ׷ȼգѣֲ˲ɿݣʯЩصĿŽ飬ûŪô£Ȼ䣬һ
໺𣡡
ؼ֮ʣһ޺𴫳ţʯǸоһǿϢŴ˴ɱٶȸޱȡ
Ҳһֻڶޡʯɫһ˿ֵĽ飬ڿ˿Զĳϲ¶Ϊ֮ɫ


ڶٰʮ˻ ս
飬㵽ôˣһ
ʯоֻϢӴԽӽɫҲ֪Ǻ״̬˿̿϶ǹؼ֮ʱܲðš
ŽԽԽǿɢϢҲԽԽ󣬶Զ޸Ӧֱ鵱ꡣ

ʯȻ֣ѾϢŴ˵ؽӽԼ䣬Ȼγ˰Χƣȥ»ȺȫΧ
ˣ
ʯһˮԹת֮£ˮͷų漴ǿŽ֮ܵ⣬ɵͷϿա
ˢһ¡
ʯһ֮£һɫϼϯž漴ĳɶݶȥ
нƿʯɶٶȴ˽ƶĿ꣬ʯҲûʩչȱϢǴ󷽷ķɶ
ոճΧȦӣʯֻƺѾϣ׷ԼٶԽԽ죬ҲϢ
ˣȻһȺʯԹַʼղνϵϢһߵֿŽ棬һŬɶݡ
໺
໺
޺ʯоתһԶߣѾֻ޳Ρ
Ϊ׵һֻ˶󣬿һֻţֻĵ磬ɶٶޱȣֻǼģ֮£ǳԽֻޡ
ʯæӿ˼ֶ٣׸ʵʯ첻֮£ʯ˽ɫɽͷʱ׼ޡ
۵һ죡
ʱ
һɹǾţ˳漴ΪһŻɫʯһֶȥ
ʯֻɫһлɫȻ£䲻˫ĿһУɫɽ΢΢һ𣬱նǰ֮ϡ
صһ졣
ɫȻն޴İΣƾŤΣȻɫɽ˻Լǿ
ãʯƬ̣пܱǻɫţ׷ϣҲûа취ֻܴŽǰ壬֪ܲʱ˰ʯ׼ʩչط峢ԡ
һ
ڽ津ɫ˿Ե֮ʱǼޱȵľ־Ȼǰ߽
ֻҪӴ棬һΪһʧƾŬָҲ类ٻٶȿ졣
ڻɫţ嵽ǰ֮ʱʯڲٿƮڰյĽ飬潫ٳһȱڣȻȻ˳ȥ
ɫţۼŵķߣñףӽӽɫţ˫Ŀһɣǿ׼ɫ
ӭ籩֮£漴Ϊɫߣʯȥ˵飬ǼֻҲԽԽʯԽ
ƣ
һȣɫɽӭնɫ֮ϣһ׵رնͷ­ڶȴɫɽ
Ƭ̵󣬻ɫţٴ룬ƺȫʯʮɵľ룬ͻȻȻͷʯһ壬ͷ˫ųĿϼ
һҰǿᣬ޿ƥеĿֲϢʯоɫһɣǱһײϣĪ˵ԼˣޣҲҪС
ɫɽţͷһնȥʯ»תȻŬɶݣ뻹ǿھɵʱ򣬿һϢײϡ
ͻ
ܺȻŨİǻɫţһײʯϣǣȻʯϴ͸ʯƺһӰʧ
ʯֻܾɫһԽԽŨһռ䲨漴һɾϯϡ
ʯɫһףһƺߣ漴һѣιһĵĵڵϣͨһҲ֪ʱʧλΪĴָСʯϡ
ףˣǣ
ʯܾʱЩһѪ˳Ȼ֮Լǰƴĵط
һЩ޼ǰ뿪ʯ֪ιͻȻأŭһȥֻʯֻ̫һĵĳ˽ȥ
ȿȣ벻Ƭ֣ȻǼǰ뻨аһ𱻴ߵĵطֲÿЩϤİ
ҵĿʯ漴ϥ˵棬֮ǰڱ͵ʱȻûıɫţײϡ
ҲǹɾʦѪڣҪǵ۷ľ磬Լǿ壬治ᱻ˳ʲôز
鵽ô£ƺǻ˯ȥˣʯ˿Ľ飬Ȼڣȴûһ֪
ʯЩ֣Ϊǻɫţû͹ȻҲʱԳ٣ʯ̫࣬æһŵҩڤ

º󣬶ϻȱԵ
һźۣѪӰԶɳ۶ɫս׵꣬׷ļǱ
ǣӲˣɣһ
б¾׷Ҫһ߿˿ǰϻȣٿ˿ɫһһĵĳ˽ȥ
״ɫһ˿ϻȷЩɣӲȥðա
ʱǺصһɶ΢΢һ㶣̧׿ȥϻڣȻһꡣ
Ƥ׾ݿ㣬һ˫ۣ䣬Լ֮ɫ
ʲôˣΪҪ£㲻ºڷ̵ı߿˿׷ǰл·һ˵
ûлش𣬶һΣ˲һɫսף˱ȭ
ӶԱʯλѣ˵֮ˣڶϻӳʯ˷·Ϥޱȣ˲޶Ŀ
ټûнϴε䣬ʯֻת˷˼ʱ䣬˳˳û뵽պڷù
Ŷԭʯѻţ֮ǰ˵ʧˣһһģһ骣λͬ־ЦЦʯ˸к
ֻΪҲڣټ־λ۷壬ֲýߴǱ
ڼʯ߶ʱɫ࣬оߵϣûˣ
λѣȻˣǻȽ˵ɡʯЦЦһɫɽ漴źһնȥ
ߣϷҲҪһ汳¶ɫһ飬ʵ־˹ȥ
ٺ٣ĳȻԼĶ֣λǰĻᶼûС־˿ûе֮ɫʩչһҡ
ĶǣһЦǹֵȥ
ء
йϼ˸һɫĹϼѶ֮£ĺ߸ûлֹ֮ϼǵصϯмĺߡ


ڶٰʮŻ ͼ
һѪ˽ӶĹԴԴϣգǹֲڣһʵĺ֮
øȫʬ³Ҫ֪ͬʱ֣ԸһشˣǺεȵıң
˷ʯѼʱ֣ЦЦ̧һӣԪָץУƬ̺ǽʶӡĨ
ѿˡʯ˿öԪָ΢΢һЦ˵
һϼ˸֮䣬ԪָƷȫ˵棬һѵ
Ǻǣƽְɣʯйѡ񣡡˫ȵǳȻû
лʯĳͲˣʯҲû˵Ȼѡȴûѡõı˺ܿ콫һЩʯ񡢲ϱԼҩϡ
ֻƿڣԼʯڵľ֮ǾͿԵ컯ˣ
ˣǶԱΣλھݵںδѾȥʱ䣬ڷ̻ûбʯü
˵񡭡骸Ҫ˵ЩʲôȻɫһ־ͬʱһóһöɫ
ôˣʯȻʲô˼϶ʲôˣ鳤߶ӳš
峤ټȻȥʯѣǶԱͲͬˣȻصɣŻģ骿ڵ
Ҳãʯ˵ͷ
ڣ־ɱ˱ȭ˿˼䣬˱Ǽæ뿪ʯ˼Ƭ̣ŹŻ巽ȥ
ڶ磬ʯֱ˹Ż
ֻһߣΪ俴ʯûпڣƬ̺˴ߣʯǰ
þòʯЦЦһȻͷŶ漴һɨ
ףʯһһߣͷҲʲôϢԼĲȱӦò¡
ǺǣС治Ϳͷӣû뵽һתۼʱ䣬㾹Ȼ׵۷塣
˵㻹֮λõ˲ٵĺôҼô˿ңĪǳִ񣿡Це˵
ٺ٣֮ǰִ񣬱ڷ̵׷˶ϻȣ汻ʱ䣬ſ˳ʯ
ڷСûҲˣۺ룬оâһ˵
Ȼ֪ڷ̣ҽڷ̾ʲôҶˣȻûгײڵˣʯɻ
Ǻǣ֪꣬ݶʲô仯嵹Ǳ仯󣬳ڷչıȽѸ͡
ȻҲ֮е£һ£˵ҲѾɻһЩרŶԸڷֱ̣գҲûгײЦЦ
ʲôˣʯɫһȻ˵ͷǲڵѪʱս׵Ĵڡ
սǸʵһ㶼ҪǿһЩϾһЩþɳ֮ˡ
͸ϻˣЩҲ㲻ʲôܣȻںڷ̣㲻ҪС˵һ֯
˭Ҳ֪һģֻ֪ûбɱֻʣһˣ˵ָֻ֮
Ȼڷ꣬ǲնɱҲ˵֪֪ڷ̾ݵڣܻѹʼղܳĨɫ
ɣȻӲʵڷ̵ĿľʲôΪεɱ޹Ѳʲôа̣а񹦷ʯͷ
а̣ɱ޹ģǹ˼룿һ
ѵа̣ʯЩˡ
ǲаҲ˵ԴӺڷ̳Ժ󣬳ЩĹ֮⣬پûкκͻҲûۼڷ̺ˡ
ǰʱ䣬ŻҲ˺ڷ̵ˣֻۣ˾ҹѣټóǰİͼڸ˲ιۣԷ˵ȷЩô΢Ц
ȥŻҹʯüͷһ塣
Ȼȥ
û֣ҹЩ죿ƺǺ˵а񡣡ʯɫ
ƺʲ̫ǡɣۼˣƴһ衣
ȿȡʯ֣ص˼ǣ
Ϸʲô˼Ҳǽ˵˵ˡʼ磬һںӡ
ʯɻĿ˿ǰͷܸо˵ˮ¶˵ڷ̿ܲаֲ̣ʹԼ뷨
Ƭ̣ʯ˵ͷȷԼҲûڷ̺ˣֻͳ˵ԫҹȷۡ
ǲ²⣬пܵʱûʲô£Ժ԰ղȻĻΪ˽ţսʯ˼
Ǿ͵ʻˣûڷ̺ˣ෴ˣΪҪڷ̣ңϷȥ˭ҡҡͷ
ˣǰ˵չĦͼڣЩôʯɻԼȻʮǣͼڣʼղͼڵԼԷ˵á
ڵϷȥҲĿںţڹҹܷ񱣼ҾƽϷ򲻸ԡ
Ħͼڣ˵ȷܹǿ׳ע飬ɣӸӦԣڷв޲õȷС
ĲصſЩҲΪϲĦͼڣЩһЩд󷢣һЩĲ¡
ͼڻֹЧ⾿ģʯЩŵ˵
Ǻǣͼڷֺö֣һǷ˻ƣͼڣҪ˽󣬲ǻС
Ҫڵϰԣͨԣòϸ΢յķȫܻĵ󣬲Żᱻؼķ֮ϿɣΪͼڡ
ʵͺͻƷ࣬ǷĶ˾ͳɣһҪطϿɣܷͼһϣֵԶԶڷġ
ҷ˻ͼڣǰʹԵƵͼڳɹƫߣЩ׽עطϿɡ
ֻ˻ͼں꣬һӿҲһͼڣҲܹ֡˵
ôһͼֽϸҲôðɣȻɹʺôͣҪ˷ѶֽţʯƲƲ졣
һͼֽΪһõͼֽע޾Ѫ꣬ɳΪһͼڣ߷ʽͬ
岢ֻط֮ͼڣͼڣֻǵҳͼڰˣͼڡɫ
ʲôǵҳͼڣΪͼڣʯоЩͷƺѡ
ͼڣϴʩչİ׻ֱ֣ȡΪǻޣͼڣķ嵥ҳͼڡ˵Żθڰ豭Ʒһڣʯȥĺק


ڶپʮ ʯĲ¼
ЦЦʲôν嵥ҳͼڣô˵ɣ˻ͼڣΪûҪһһͼơ
ĳ޵״ֱ̬ȥȻһ죬ȻʱսʱķɣһЩͨʩչ׳۳档
д۲ǰ׼˶ҪƵ쾡£һҪĲɼѣע鲻һͶһҪһݶԼļС
пһͼھҪʮ꣬ղܹϣʱߣϷˣеҳͼ۵ѹһ
ͼеҳͼںϣֻҪطϣЩҳͼھͻһͼڣطḳƷĲһģһǷ嵥ҳͼ֮
ǵҳͼóֲ۳ǣ߿˲ǰ׿ʯɻʵ
ٺ٣Ƿͼڵ֮򰮺ö˼طḳ赥ҳͼԣЩ˹Ħһͼڣȸֹϵһɹǡ
Ǵӷ嵥ҳͼڿʼĦֱͼϣڼʱÿͼڶע飬ǵĳɹʻ߳࣬Ħ嵥ҳͼڵˣɹġ΢Ц
ԭˣҹǰ˹ĦͼڣǾӦǵҳͼˣֲ˵꣬ҵ͸оͼڲͬԭǷơ
˹ĦͼڣЩôͼĿһЩֻҪͼɹڷ޾Ѫֱ꣬ӳΪʻͼڡ
ʯƵ˵ԼҪͼڣҪС
˼ΪԼ棬ٱط֮Ͽɣɹʺܵ͵ģ޾ѪҲС
ңΪЩ޾ѪʱǰŪģͽ׵޾Ѫǲɵģ˵Щϡ٣㵽ȥŪѪꣿ
Էͼһ֮ڣû޾ѪԪֻҪطϿɣԸɹмǰĲɵģƲƲ죬ΪȻ˵
ͼ֮ٺ٣ʯ˫ĿһУȻˣлԼҲԣȻҪҸʦ̲̽źá
ô㻹ѧϰͼ֮ƺʯ˼
кβףˣɻͼ֮ʯȻһ䡣
ϷɲᣬҲû˼˷ʱ䣬ȰҲ˼̫ķʱ䣬ԹϰĵһԳΪһĴڡ˵
һʯȻ
ȻгһգĵɾͣЩԴǿɾԴԴϵ˸ˡ
ڰﲻƵҩԼѡģһɹĵʦǼ主еĴڣҲ˸ǵʦ
ֻҪóźҩ߱ǰҩ֮ʱʦһСǵﵤʦ˾ͻǣٲЦе˵
Ȼٺ٣ʯ΢΢һЦ
ȻȻͼʦҲһƬ½ഫȵʦþһЩмˣܱ֮Ϊͼʦģ
һ㲻Ϊ֪ĵطǾͼʦƽȱ˳һЩҲԽǿԭ򣬾˵֪ˡҡͷ
ѵǻͼ֮ʱط֮Ͽɣעʱ򣬽Ҳ˳ıһЩ۶Է廹ߣһĺôʯ²⵽
ǺǣͲ̫ˣ˵Ҳֿܣֺô΢΢Ҳûںˣˣһ䡣
պϰɣʯʼ磬һֱӣʱ
֪壿ʯڵ
壿ǲǴҩĵֻʲôطͲˣ˵ҩչ֮
ͽͽﶼڵ壬㲻ʲôɣȻȲһţȴȥ£ûһ˻к³ġڵ
ҩ˵кܶȥҩˣʯЩ˵
ȻҩҲҪκαֻ꣬ҪɱһܼС᲻𣿡΢΢һЦ
ʯ죬оⵤʦǲǣ⻨аӻ󣬾Ȼܵȡҩ
ץߵǻаȻȥ壬½嶼ȡˣԪ鵤һƿԪʯ죬ԼΪԪǿǴ󶯸ɸ꣬ŶҪϳ
ƵҩΪҩƱģȻ˵һ㣬Ҳڱ˵ҩĵҩǿǷԪϹ
˵Щҩ˵ǸͽͽģĶűǻа˳͵ߣоԪޱȣڵ壬ʵڲֵһᡣҡͷһЦ
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ʯ㶣ϸһ룬˵ҲЩ˿ԼĻҪ򵥣˼ҵ棬һƿԪˣⵤҲ̫ۺˣ
˼ˣɲʲôȥ˵һԪϹ֣ҩչ֮ʣǰȥ͵ҩҲûŽ͵ҩа֣ҲǼðˡƲƲ졣
Ѿ˰׻ǣΪβȡһͼڵͼʯһ䡣
ܼ򵥣طǳʶѾ˰׻ǣȥȡ׻棬
¼ͼڸǿ壬ֻܿȫҲܵǣڵ
л⣡ʯɫ̸ͨԼ˺ܶණҲʯ֪ܣȻҲ㲻ʲôܣԼһ̽˵Ҫȵʲôʱ
ǺǣСףҪﵽҩĵزΪҪϸ𣿡Ȼ¶֣֮ɫ
˽⣡ʯҲЩҪԼҲﵽָ߶ȣǷԼ飿ҲҪ֡
ҩһ仰ܾܿ͸һһɣȻҪԼûʵΪģǷģ޸ϵģԸЧ͵ġ΢Ц
ɣʯɫһЩڴʱ仹ҪһµУ֪ܰҩΪʦ
ҩײβֻķݣΪȥȴǺѣ㵽˵壬ҲδؼõƷһ衣
òҩİɣʯȻðһ䡣
оâһţ漴ЦЦϷҪҩʱҿû˼Ǳ£Ǻǡ˵ʼ硣
ǺǣĵۣӦòҩġʯɫڵʯ˵һģһֱĵ
Լ䣬ʯֲ²⣬ȸоάڷ̣Ǻڷ̵ˣһ棬ָоǵˣ̸֤ͨʶԨʯԽͷЩء


ڶپʮһ ҽʥ
񣬻·ܴãʵ
·ϾҪ뿪ˣڵҽ֮󣬼ûжǰҵһЩͲҩƪҲѾˡʯЦ
Ŷ˼Ҫµĵҩƪҩƪ˻в豭
еĻãûҲǿ󣬵ȻһЩԵҲɣʵҲۡʯƲƲ졣
˭˵ҿۣѵôװ׵ϷҶٺôƲƲ죬ΪȻ˵
ðɣ˵Ҫ񣿡ʯʵ
߸ָЦſ˿ʯ
ǧʯûӦҲ⣬ƲҪóðɣɽ˵ŻʯĶһöԪָ
ҡҡͷЦˣʮ򣡡
ɶ
ʯ۾һɵĿûɣʮҶ򼸼ˣΪһóôûʲô洢ġʯа񣬵ɲôױߡ
ҽʥ䣬ȥڻشң˵Żȡһöʯ׸ʯ
״ʯŰɵʯӦһֶ룬Ƭ̺۾һɣԽоҽʥ䲻һ
ʥ乲ƪֱΪҩƪҩƪԼҽƪʯķ˼ҳ־ȻмַԪҪĵء
ÿֵطǳϸд֮ҲϣҽƪȻԼƸ߽ߵش
ҩƪʯĿ࿴ǰĲҩƪ֪ǿ˶٣ؼϸҩòҩȡ
ԼõҩһֶʶʯֻĿǰƪ־ϳ˺üҩ治иϡҩ
ವһ
ʯֻһգһ֮£ʯȻ˻ȥ
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ʲôɱʶӡݶѣʮ򣬶һʯҶҪʯƲƲ죬ȴЩż
ҽʥļֵû˵ô߲ʯóʮԲߣȻҪٻһЩȻͷóͲʮԼ
ߣʮһ鶼һ̣һʯ
ðɣȻˣǴ˲ˣ£ҲͷˣҲ̻ȥſˣȻҪأǣ
ʯ¶֣֮ɫֹתȥ
ͣͷҪһˣ˵ûȻҪǾˣҪҳţͼ㣡ʼ硣
ʯѾ߳ԺӣһֱûнסԼΣͷ׼һԣԼǰǷծȫӻȥĽడ
պ̨ףʯת¿
ҪԶаȻˣ˵Ҫüˣʮʮɣʯ˻εЦЦ
ٺ٣񻰣ȥһ֣ԪʯʯУߵһһöԪָУ漴
պʮöԪָ͸ļɡʯЦЦ
ߣˣȥæİɣסΪˣʦǲѡ񣡡֣ص
סˣҾȸˣأʯ׼뿪ˣ֣صĹ˹֣漴תȥ
Сӣٺ٣Щ鷳õֶλǲУ˿ʯԶȥıӰһ¶һζЦݡ

󣬴ڣɽſڣ
ʮֵصվоȻһԪϾڴڣֻЩ˶ǽյµӣˣҲϵˡ
ΰʦ֣Ǽͬһӣֻǽ꣬û뵽ͽ׵ԪϾһֵŮ΢죬˵˵һ䡣
ΰİ׾ͦͦţ¶һС֮ɫ¶ɡ
ٺ٣Ҳʦչмӣʹһö֦ʦҲ㲻ˡΰЦЦ˿Ů
⻹ΰʦֱֳɫȻеҩʹͣһͬţǻڣˣҲеˡ
Ůʱ͵ΰһֱۣ˳ĶһŮҲΰаĽ֮⣬ֻԼֻǻڣûҿ˵
ವһ
ʱһɫӰԶģ֮£ɽſڣҲͨɽȥ
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ʲôˣôڣҲʲôطΰʯкҲһȻֱӳſ˹
ЩȻˣεȷ⣿Ҵ
״Ҳ΢΢һ㶣ɵͣסŲһĿ˿ɽڣʱһݹ漤
ִ£˲ҵȰҪӲɽšΰ϶ʱ˿ϾϵӣԪϾԲڡ
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һֱעΰļŮһȻдСǣݵĶʯһĻ֮ɫΰǵһɶˡ
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Ѿ˾ŰٶˣϾҪﵽһɵˣҪǣӵʣԶһǿܶࡣЦЦ
ʲôŰٶˣʯ˿Щˣһʵȷӣ˷չȥûзԪǱҪ֮ϣ
ԪϾѾﵽʮˣ룬ǻȥģԵ쳣ˣʯɽţһֵصŮС˸ͣ
ʯڣһ·Щ˿ʯİеǹĽһţʯӦһǽ˽ڵı仯
ŶھȻչ֮죿ֲΪûʲôչԭһֻյӵ飬ϣǿ϶ͣӦˣʯ΢Ц
ǺǣһӢпܵģȻһ˿ʧᵽӢ¶֮ɫ
޷ھ͸һǸĽɣ˵ŻʯһһֻƿУ״¶֮ɫ˸һĽ
ţɻˣλ洫п㰲Ȼع飬պһȥԪ󣡡Ԫ⣬ʯ˹


ڶپʮ 
Ԫ󣬴ڣ
ʯʮȫУڶ½ĳϣֱԬ棬Լˣ
Żعͺã£һ½λϣӦöϤˣҾͲڽˡԪЦЦ
ʯ˵ͷԬȻ޻˵Ͼϵе̳Զӵġ
ԼһµӣҲǶҲɫȻΰϾزۡ
ϲλˣȻһְԺλһŬڷɣʯ˵ͷ΢ЦĿˡ
ǡ
ԬȻҶ˵ʲôǰΪ׷ʯ֪˷ʯһҡһΪ۷壬ӾҲֻ벽֮ңˡ
ĸλһԽԽǿʯĳһְʵûЩʲô˵Ժ̸λˣʯɫһĿ˿ˡ
ʯŲҪҪûţĹʣԴǱڹɽĻ影Լӷ
žʲôҲ۾˯ҲĹϹһЦϲɫ
ûڹɽ֮Уûоگû˾گôĵӣûлΪڵĽԴˣ
ûл影ļһЩ뱦֧ţ޷תǲܴǱӣûԴĻԬҲ޷סγϿڵ
λ˵еٺ٣ϿиЦЦ
ˣλɱ軵ţˣ֪˵Ĵ£ָʲôʯع⣬һ䡣
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˵⼸ʱ䣬ھյӣһǰյµӣлϵˣȥˡ
ֻʣ²һٸյҪǳϸƽһʣѾˣרǱѵˡϿڵ
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ȻڴԺԷչһҲʲôΨһǷȱľǷԪ
ڻȥ»һۺ죬ʼѹһǸոջżγü
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޷ǽڽһЩصݻյӣͣͲǰѸͷչ
ɲҪˣȻͽ׵ڶ࣬ʾԱκһŶǿǳ㣬ҪзԪһƣδ
кοԪ΢Ц
ʯ˼ã˵û뿪ݺôȻ٣ûзԪ򣬻ȥȻ˲һҹ򣬵ЩС鷳ܵżӦûеġ
λԲϷѾ뿪ݣԭַ½ţֻҪڳż죬ˣҲҵݡԪЦЦ
⡭²ף󣬹һǲݣ֮£ԼҲɣ˽壬ţ±˲ʯЩ֪֮ġ
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ûзԪѳһγ̾Ϣ
޷ϷаţϣλԼţϵݣԼγıߣδʧӣͬϷ˷Ԫ֣ص
ϷǴţȨֹ㣬ȻӦ÷ԣΪıԵõ˷Ϸ䲻֧֣ԣλŰɡʼ磬
ʯҪ˵ȻԺдһǴԪֻ˵˼򵥼仰ϣͬ⣬Ԫ
Ƭ̣ʯɫãȻˣʯĳ´شȫ֧ԪϣǨڣ
΢΢һ㶣֧֣˻ʲô˵ģɲǴţţ˷ԣҲоԵľȨ
ҪԪ־Ҫϻۣİ飬˭ҷԣ᲻ͬˣң֮ǰˣ˿̸ûбҪ˵ʲôˡ
Ȼͬ⣬Ȼ޻˵֧֣
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˸㼺ԭԪϣΪҪͨϻ飬û뵽ʯʱЦֿ˻˷˳ִ˷
ãȻˣϷͷһϣγϣԼϣ˴һֵӣصԭַؽɽţºµҲ깤ˣϾڲ㡣ԪЦ
û⡣˴Ӧһ
ϣϣǸڣ׼ʱһЩˣͽˣҪʲôõĶ˷ѡԪ˵꣬˵˵ͷ
ϣŰϵӣлϵˣǰȥݸظǳأµӣҪҲ̫ϸˣʵķһЩԪ˵꣬˲һ㶡
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ȫŵż²ʮ죬ܴǧˣһگͻᱻǰջأҲҪǰ뿪ݣݵŶϿڵ
Ǻǣ⵹ûʲôʯЦЦ漴˿ϣڵϵ˼λֻյӣûصɣյ޾£һ
ֱºگջ֮ǰڴһͬϻڣµʱ䣬ǸʱɲһǧǷˣ࣬˵ûɴϣ
ӢԪ͵Ŀ˿ʯһ˼޲¶֮ɫһᣬʯæҩ԰ԼҩĿɶǣһ겻֪ɫ


ڶپʮ ͼ
Ǩ֮ǰЩҩĻҪ컯¶ήһЩҲʯվҩ԰ڣ˫Ŀ΢е˵
Щ鷳ˣҪʱֲǿɾͷˡʯʼ磬˵˵
һҽʥУʯ׼ԼЩʶҩģʲôƿУкιЧ漴ҽʥϵļء
ʱ仺ţתۼ䣬һ±ǹȥˣʯҩƪûп꣬Щҩıȫ˳ЩõҩȻԪۺҩģⲻʯϲһ
ֻЩʧǣûҵɫؼأȻҩƪһûпֻ꣬ǿĿܼͬҶƷ档
ҽʥҩƪС̳ԵǿҩȻǴʥݣ͵Ƿãᱻ滯Ϊҽ
ʯ˫Ŀһ֪ʲô磬Ҳоʱ򳣳ӳ޵ʵ
ֻͨϴζսֻ׺ԲĶ֣ûдﵽڣҩƪأʥݼɫζۼǸ֪Ҳ׽ԡ
һЩޣҲʥݣҲ˼ޣרѰһֱǰ׺
ֲհ׺Ѱ˴ʥݣǡɱ˯СоСһǺ˯ʱȻҲܸоԶҩ
أʥиΪĹЧֻϧСȫ̵ˣȻһ㣬Ӧҽ׺ڵģ̰ĵļһ
ʯһ䣬ЩСԴϴλ˯ȥֱ֮һֱδ鼸ΣûʲôƣҲܾȣʯûᡣ
Ƭ̣ʯ뿪ҩ԰漴ֹرգκ޷롣
ţ
ﳤϿʯ֮󣬼æʺһһˣΪһֱܵ͵ƽʱ̫˵ȻֻΪһսȴС
Դ֮󣬾һֱﳤϽδ˴ˣȻǺܸߣҲɫˡ
ﳤϲؿˣ֪ҩ԰ʱ׼ҩģҺǰҩȡߡʯһ䡣
ŶӦºŷ㣬ĳԸһߣصݺΪֲϵġﳤɫ
ˣԼ߾ͺãˣʱһЩ֮࣬װҩãʱ̫ãЩҩʧȥԣʯɫ
װڣﳤȻ˵
ôкβףʯü
ŶûʲôʵݵλӦǬģһҲ᷽ܶࡣﳤɫ
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ŶһԪָԼԪһ㣬ƺС㶴ʵǬֲҩЯޡ
Ȼһ޶ϲڸ߼Ԫ֮ڣǺǬ֮ϢҲ˵˼ˡﳤϻڵ
Ԫ䣿Ǭʯ˫ĿһΰС飬Ԫڴһѡ񣬶Ǭ棬ԺԼ͸Դҩˡ
ҪȥϴкΪŹҲԼġﳤ΢Ц
ǺãͷﳤˣˣԪʲôͣ治ɣʯʵ
Ȼᣬͬ䣬ҪԪָ۸һΪһЩòͬԲﳤϽ͵
ǺãԼȥһ´ϣͷﳤˡʯЦȻȻҪһЩġ
룡ﳤ˵꣬ʯͷ뿪漴ԪҵԪϣԪ˵ʯҪ붼ûĵͷӦ
ԵƬ̣֪ͨ棬ֱȥ˫һͬȥ򣬶ˣаǲﻹУԪȡһöԪָʯ
⣬лϡû뵽гһգһõʵӴԼãҲոչѡ
ſˣڶҵȲǸŴˣ֧š
ȻﲻԴԴϣ򼸼Ǵ´ģҪʲôֻҪڣΪΪˡԪ΢Ц
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˽ʯȻնףֻ־磬ѲǵǸСƨ˵ۣҲֻһЦ֮ˡ
պʯ˫·ֱһ̯֮ʱʯ࿴ۣǵõΪһ֧ΣΪϵġ
մϽĵַʯܿҵ棬߼һ΢ЦĴһк
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ؿյˣʯһ䣬һ洩Ⱥǰĳȥ
׼뿪˫ˣＸûʲôˣֻյʮµӣмʻǺܺãʮ˶ûУȥ޳ǿش
ˣ˶ȫԱʱһյͳһȥʱ򣬿϶м֮࣬ʱ弴㷢쳣Ǿ뿪ˡʯڵ
һģһ߼ӿ첽ԽСԵĵش
ÿÿ
ʲô㲻֪𣿡
һṦʯȻǰۼȺһߴ㽨ǰΧţȥɷǷ򱦸ӡ֮ϣһֱ֮
ֵǣЩƺйɣȻǰͰͣȴһؽͨ˭Ҳͨϲӡ
ڽǰǽϣʮͼһЩͼһЩע顣
嵥ҳͼڣʯֻɨһۣϳ˴ҹ֡
˵ͼڶǵҳƣҪʵδǰͷβȫܹĦһ飬ǳɹ߲٣ȫϣһͼڣڹĦЩԲˡ
Щ˼˵ĲͼڹȻֻܳû̫߽׵ͼڣУǽȥʯȤ˵
ǷȱļͼڣҪϣҲһջ
ҲãҲ׺Ҳû۳أպŽȥһЦ⣬漴ʯ˽ȥ
˽ͷܶȻ㣬ڶ࣬ȻԵЩӵǽ֮ϣ˰ͼڡ
ʯһɨڳ͵ĶǻߵĻڣʯڴ֮ɫܵİͼڣϣҵǷȱļ֡


ڶپʮĻ ̻
ʯɨ˰죬ҲûƼԼҪļͼڣɵ¶ʧ֮ɫ
৵һ
ʱȺмȻһǽĳͼڻһֻɫԳͼƺһ㣬Ȼϼһ
ţʯǾȵļǺɫԳȻͼƬϳ˳һģ֮£۵һȺһĶͷڡ
ѣȻһԳͼڣȻ
ɣ˵Գͼڻû깤ģ˵ֻ֮һ
Ӧûͼڣ˵Żỻµͼڡ
˵ѣͼ깤֮ǰа׵۳ǻޣţ
ٺ٣ȻԳ۳ɹһģҲ֪ǰһ
⵹ǣȵȿ
Ӧúܴ۳ɹΪǰûн֮ʱҲԳͼڸոտʼƵʱ
ѱһ٣ͷβĿڣҪ֪Щͼÿʱ䣬Ÿһ»Ƴͼڡ
˵ԳͼϾҪ깤ֻʣţҵȰ·ʼĦܱȵѵģҲ²⣬Ѻܿܳɹ
Ⱥд˽еĽеĶʼɣʯЩɻû뵽δɵĵҳͼڣ۳ǻޣҲˡ
ûã˫Ŀ漴һĶͷһ𣬰кȻһֻɫԳӰڰһҷһɼǿı
ɽԳȻˡһϲɫ漴һӣɫԳʧ
ϲˣû뵽ͼûɣ۳ɹˣϷ򱦸ǵˡʱһ߻߳һϢɲ⡣
ŷˣоԳͼڷ۳ɹģոˣҾͶ¼ٺ١˵Ż˶¥
ʯߵԳͼ֮£ȻⲢһţ滹ٰͼȻƵĶǾԳ鶯ͬעҲһ
ʯַ棬ҲǵһͼƵģһֻھԳһѰһ߶УļзѰ棬ע鼫ϸ
ڶͼԳԴһЩη֮£ʮͼ֮ɫԳų׳ӵֱͨɽԾӣܡ
ֱһͼȻͨѾʩչƺһĩβʯٿ˿עļ䣬мµںͨдĳĲɾԳڣҲǳܱȡ
ֱ¼ĳ޵һֻ˲ô⣬Ҳ֪Ϊ
ٺ٣ѧѧͼ֮ҲǺѣͼڣְҵžԵƣʯЦЦ
ʱһ׳ʯժ¾Գͼڣ漴˿ŷڵŷԳͼʧµĸͼڡ
ǰϷӾԳͼڿʼƣһֱڣһŲٵĿڣͻȻ˶飬ѵϷ˷ʱ䲻ɣҾȱԳǣõ
Ҳ˷ʱ䣬µİɣһµ
ҲҪżϷ͸µĸԳͼڣŷ˵껰һӣаŻֶֽţ˳ĵǽϡ
һͼûˣʯ˿׳еͼڣɻ
ȻûˣʧǷͼѣϲˡ׳˿һȵʯаŻֽɵĻᣬʯ
ǸΪ⣿ͼͼ¸飿Ȼʹãʯһ䡣
״ԭڲͼڵļˣЩ㵵Ŀ˿ʯǴ󺺸΢΢һ㶣ҡͷһЦΪͬ׵Ϊûͼڰɣ
˼ָһͼδʧ֮ǰӡһ棬ӡĻͼڣӵԭͼڵһЩԡ
һǲһͼڶһģʧĻͼڣӡҲô׳ĵӡ
ӡȻܹӡΪβӡؼҿǸãñ˽ȵǣʯ׷ʵȻͼһЩȤȻҪʸ
ƣֻѸҷͼڣ򱦸ͣҪӡߣǾҪˡ
ӡ֮ͬԪʯݣһݵʯ࣬ûҪ񣬱Ͼѷġ׳ЦЦ
úܸߣʯʵ
⵹ߣʵҪĿģΪÿ£лͼڳ֣Գͼ깤
ر࣬ҪǶڼҲܼµͼڣٿһпʧܵģֻۿ׳ЦЦ
ˢһ¡
ʱһ˳ɹͼڣ۳ǻޣ֮࣬˶¥˼
ЩȻΪ˲ͼڶתһȦ֮żҲṺһЩϣȻʱҲ˽ͼӡߣȻǱⲻ˵ġ
ԭˣͼΪý棬ǰĦµͼڣĿģ˳ϣȻǲӪ׬ǮֶΡ
ʯ°ͣ¶˼֮ɫ˻ΪƣΪôͣ˰ͼڡ
Ϊϵˣʯ˸Ӫԣһ۱ǿ˵ҵСȻΪһЩɢ֮ˣȻ뵽£Ͼ޹أ;㹻ˣ˵Ҳ룬ϾԼ׿ġ
еҲΪͼڹ˼꣬ҲỨһ񣬶ԴˣҲܲʣ˼ȷŵҾѷˡ
˵Ļ˿׬ȡİ취ûʱտҲɵ˴Ϊʯ΢Цһ뵽£Щ
£ʯ˶¥ֱ򱦸۲ϱĵطһƼæǰѯʡ
λǰ֪ʲôҪСƷָ͸ʯ˵ΪϢһĹ֮ɫ
Ԫ䣬Ǭʯûж˵
ԣ˫Ŀһæڵλǰҵ¥۵ĶͨƷ
ãʯ˵꣬Ż¥˱̺һЩ赹ûʲô죬ǰһĺߣվӰڹʲô
£λǰҪǬԪ䣡ǰɫһ˵
ŶƷһּƷʯϼž幦ܣĿռСԼʹ÷м۸Լɣóһöʯʯ
ʯֻɨۣѡ񣺡ֶѡƷˣһöƷԪָһоһˣҲɵͫһĶ࿴ʯۣԼ䣬¶֮ɫ


ڶپʮ 
ƷֱǴ洢ƷԪָԼ޵Ԫ䣬Ǭȷ߿˿ʯ˲ɵɫһ
ƷһǰϣҪ֪ƷƷƷļ۸񣬿޴ģȻҲѵġ
һЩӵܣĹӸ磬һûͬʱƷǼ֮ˡ
Ҫ֪ԪָƷ𣬾ҪԪһʮ򣬶ǬǹˣõƷ
ͼ۸񣬶٣ʯһ䡣
ƣİʮ񣡡۽һԲҲûõóĿĪ˵ʯߡ
Щòϵıϣһֻڰ׺ԼһЩҩ붾㿴ֵΣʯڵ漴ȡöԪָߡ
߽ӹָ鿴Ƭ̺ϲ¶֮ɫԽоʯһ㣬ң۵Щ֮Ϳȼˡ
ĲϣԼҩһپʮڶ붾겢ר۴ǹ۸ֻܵͣʮ򡣡߻ڵ
۽һǳ۵֮Щ˾ʲôݣҺأҲš
ʯ˵ͷ漴óһöָߣڵǰԵȡ
棬а񣿡ʯʵ
⣬ϽеˣǹһЩϵģһҲҪȥ˵ģպð񣡡ȻܾܾȡһöԪָߡ
˷ֱڣʯó˶ң漴˽˸ĶʯЩ⡣
İʮ񣬻ʮ򡭡ߵĻû˵꣬Ҫڣʯִ̧ϡ
ʮѣ˵ʲôֻϲոɺãΪ֤˵Żʯһöɫơ
ʲôߵɫһҲһ㶣漴¶ɵ֮ɫƬ̣¥һʧ֮⡣
ʲôˣʵǿ˵ҺĶԱǸҲǣǾζӻ壬Ҫ޾׷ɱ
Ǻǣλѣû뵽ղҵĻû˵꣬ǶʮϷȥˣϾһι౦Це˵Ҳû֮ǰ֮ɫ
лʯ̵Ӧһ߽䣬ԪָԼǬ̸ʯͬһߣ漴뿪¥
߳Ĭãɵҡͷԭֲó£ѵҲңԺҪˣֻǺСط

һ棬ʯ뿪򱦸ڽֵ֮ϡ
ôûиɣʯЦЦ
ֲŲóԼˣԭƣ󱲣ֱӾͻıˣٺ٣һ֮ɫ
ʵԼҲмʮģȻݣȻҪãŬʲôȻȥ˰ɣȻصЩ顣ʯڵ
ҲãǾʹ˱ټ˵껰漴ĳȥʯǹ˼̣żҲܿͼڣûԼҪģһЩҩ뿪˫
ʯʱ䣬ǻصڣһ·ϼ˳ĵˣҲûҳʯǰ
źãֵص빧˵
ʯӦһҩ԰ʯŽֹرա
һһֻȭͷСһС㣬㽨Уͭɫء
ʯոֵķףǬ
֮ʯһһյĹ򣬱ǽ䳹Լӡ˲һѪĸо
ǷģȻܹоڲĹ죬ȻȻ֣ȻֻǷ￴ôˡ
ʯһ˿ڴǬŰһףһת֮£صһǻһߴĶ˵档
㽨ʹͭɫ治ʱ˸һɫƣҴһɹɿռ䲨Žգʯֻһ֮£űӦ
һν붴֮ڡ
ˢһ¡
ʯЩ΢ѣθУƺ˴һ㣬Щͬ濴СĶȴǱж졣
㣬аɴСȴǿտյֻһͨĽݣ˶¥֮ʯֶһЩ䣬ƺǾסĳ
¥ЩʽͬʯһɨȻĵطȻ⹦ܵķ䡣
㣬вͬˣǴһЩʯۣЩʯңЩ֪ؽӣá
Ĳ㣬ʯֵѾʯ壬ڵǽϴһơ
΢΢˸һЩˮ漴Ʈգ۳һƬİ״۵һ̶ȣ紺䵽棬ѭ
ﶥ֮ϣ߿ҹĴڣҫĴһƬҹâ˸ͬһ㣬·֮ϡ
ҩ԰ˣȻ棬ٺ٣
˵껰ʯƮ㣬ϴʮ䣬סûмṩⷿ䣬ҡ
Ȼ˱չĵطԲû̫ס֮أʣ󲿷мʮſ㣬ȻһƬҩ԰
˶֮أҩ԰Ҳ˽ҩ԰ˣֻǬײ˽룬ֲڵĲ㣬һҲ֪ʯ΢΢һЦ˳Ǭ
ŰµʱʯŽҩ԰ڵҩֲԼǬ֮ڣȻмҩɫջǱʯ㵥ֲ
뿪ǰʯٴ˴컯¶ֽ˫һЩҩӣȫĲȫ
ȻƷַ࣬٣ɴСڣֱǾţһëҩ԰ȻԵÿտյʯȴû⡣
һգʯ任ϣָڣֽԼһЩõıϣȫ֮ڣֻ̫󣬶ȥ˶ĶȻտޱȡ
ڲˣԺ뿪꣬ҲõҩժȡˡʯǬƣ˿յҩ԰뿪
Ԫ󣬴ڣ
Ԫ˼ʲôʯӰȻֶԪæվΣڵŻˣ룬·ϻ˳ɣ
ϣҴ˷һ㣬ǲܹ⿿ΪɰĲ򼴱л弸֧ţҲþһ죬ǻҪЩ׬ȡӪܸõתʯ˵껰Ԫϵһ㶡


ڶپʮ ¶â
˵⣿⡭֪˴ӲЩҲóȻЩ֧ά̣ҲյӶ
ڿ̣ʵ˹Ҳû˻ᾭӪЩ꾭Ӫ̵Ϻ꣬ûȵģǲһ·ˣΪɣ
ԪЩʯЩ쿪ˣ˿̣ʦȥõʦȥǲרҵûȡ
ʦȷửӲֻܵһͿأָ㣬ҲδزܳԽʦΪΣʯȻ뵽ϹŶ뷨
ָ㣿ĸָ̻㾭Ӫ֮˼ǾӪˣľ飬ͬɵܱ֮
ӳȥΧ˶ˣǽ׬ȡôͬʱҲõ˳սնɱ޲ĥ޲ϴɣǸƱڳ۸ӣ̡
żЩϣҲЩ׬ȡתãһЩǵС壬һЩı̣ɹϽΧڣÿ궼ǽɹƷ
ټݣÿ궼õĽȻÿ궼õ
ڿתһЩʵĵӣԺطžˡԪЦЦ˵
Ŷԭ׬Ǯĵط治٣С嶼ҪÿӻһЩΪԱÿ꽻Ǵ񡭡
ʯ˲뵽ѡ֣漴Ԫϵ뷨ɺñţʱвһ׬Ǯձѿνʡʱʡ
ǰһЩŻ㹻ʽ𿪾ưɣȴû˿ΪᾭӪרھưЩĹԼȡѣȻŵʻкܴġ
ţǵȷʺ⣬ǰɰɣ̾Ϣһ˽߸γϣ˽Ǹоʯ쿪ˡ
ʯĳǺ⣬¾ʹ˴סҪˣҺԼûˣ򶨻ᱻ˳Цγɫ
Ҷͬ⣿˵еİ취أʯ۵
ûпеİ취ţСǰ˼ϰɣϷͷĵĳȻԽԽáԪ˵꣬ϵͷԪʵ˻ǱȽŵġ
һϹŶʯаһҲ⣬ЩǮǿưɣ˼Ҳɣרְͬ
Ȼţھŵݣڱ⣬סִϣſоԵľȨʯɫһ壬һλϢ¶
⡭γϿ˿Ԫ漴ε֮ȨоȨҵֻ飬Ȩ
ʲôʯɫһضγϣһᣬλҪָֻţֻһܣôС¶
ңγϵظ
ˣżȻ֣ҵȰ¾ͺˣλҪټƽϴˣԪϼæ˸
˽üͷ΢Ŀʯǰλ˿νǹмӣɳΪ꣬Ϊ֮󣬷ҲӴҵûóŵȨѹˡ
ʯżȻȨ֣ЩӦͬʱҲʯᣬҲڵš
Ǻǣλºŵλ˰ɣĸоˣʯĳ˳֮λ˺һ£
ʯƺ˵˼Ȼ΢Ц޼ӣ⻰ԪڶУ˲۽һ
ʯҪˣԺʲôôҲգ⣬˾ˣ˲뵽
ŲҪ˵Ǿ֧㣬֮ǰֻȻžˣҵȲἰ£˵ôҵȰշԸͺáԪЦЦ˼æͷ
ʯɫһǰԼܣ²ؼڣ׬ǮķһҪһ
ϾԼ˫ݣǵԼܣڣʯҲǰŷ緶ˡ
ͬĻǿ˵Ҫţһܣֻʯɲǿİλ
ȻˣҾ˵˵ŷȻλǰʲôطоףҪһ̡
ǷҩҩԼֲϣһЩϢֻҪĶһҪ󡣡ʯɫ
ԪҡͷЦǺǣ֪뷨ãеĵط̫ˣȣŲ˽飬̣ǡԯá
˵ݣҲЩֻǵ˼ҴкãԷͲûп˾ֻܶ
ǵȵ̣ҪķÿɲǷ⣬Ӵʽֳ۵Ļ϶ȱҪ󣬱Ͼտʼ
Щ㣬ҪпɿˣȫƸ룬Щף֮һֻΪȥֲ¡
ȻǿʹһδõвȥӰ죬ţЩſǹ
ʯԣҲͷȻǺ˽⣬ϿǵҲǷ㵽ˣ˿ȷʺ̣ССֵʯҲͰˡ
ϿǵĹȻȫЩطʯĳȷδǣЩطʯĳҲ˽⣬㣡ʯ˵꣬˳ĳ˿оʯҪˡ
ȻûǹЩ²ѽʽȻӴ󣬵һļֵӦԽ̽ˡʯʵ
ԶԶз뵤ҩֵߣŻ̲һζȥɱǳϢϢ磬ûʵȥ
˵һЩ򵥵ĲϣҩЩӼٵƷԣҪ۷ߵҩֻƸ߽׷ʦʦʦˡ
ҵˣóһ󣬿ҲƸ뵽ָ߽״ʦţһСд̣򵥾ӪһЩСƷͿˡԪ˵
ȻˣʽǸ⣬󣬼ȻܳϢȡĿԲҩΪ
ƸһЩʦʦ߽׵ĵҩƲڱع򣬴ЩۣһʽҲͽˡʯڵ
Ԫɫһ䣺ţȻܽʡʽ𣬵ţһõһԴɹԣʧܾ͡Ա
ûϵԱѡϵӿɿˣʲģûʲôչģֻҪȥÿ·ŵʮӣԺˣӡʯɫ
ʮִÿȡĿˣִ»γü
޷ģȥʱ䣬ɲҪԹõĴ򷢻ɣ˭ȥ˶ʮ꣬Ͳûˡ
һϰͼڣѸҷӡߵҪãˣˣ߳õͼڣδ깤Ļᵥҳͼڣȫһݡʯ˫Ŀһе˵
Ӳףҡͷûʼ׬ǮҪ˶࣬ӡһͼ㲻ʲôҪǰ˵ӡͼڣҪһӴĿңҪҪװ׵ӳȥ
Ǳ˵Ϊѷʦʵ
Ȼ׬Ҫһûʲôϡģݲ̶˼ԴǷḻ
һ㣬Ҳ˼רŵͼڴʦǻƣ֮ͼвͨ˴ݣû˭ôɹԪֱӷԡ
Ҳרҵͼʦʯɫ
ӲףһͼʦҵҲ벻𣬵ڶҲܻӭֻӭڹİͼڣڹų۱İͼڡԪϿڵ
ȻӡһЩͼڣͼڷͶ񼴿ɣķ棬Ͱ֮ǰ˵İ졣ʯɫ
ţҪһԪ˵꣬೤ҲЩǣ׼ֹӡ
һʧܣжȥݣ˳ڣλΣʯڵ
ȿȣԪϸɿµľʯߣҪ֪ΪʯõĽÿ궼µһʯ˳ɣǿɾʲôûˡ
ԪŬŬ죬ƺҪ˵ЩʲôȻɫһ˫Ŀ΢еĳƬ̣оһ΢Цĵ˵ͷ
ðɣȻŷԸγϣϣϣҵˣγϴ˷صţݹһЩؽŵĲϡ
ѾĲˣγϣٶ๺һЩϣ˳ȥԯÿ½ɽһҪѹԯáԪϺȻı̬ȣϵһ£ʯҲЩȻ֮ɫ
ãȻˣ͵ȴγϵĺϢˣϣϻع֮ʣŽϣµҲ˳깤
ʯЩɻĿ˿ϣ˵һ䣬˷ȻΪɣҲΪԼʯȻݣȻҪ


ڶپʮ߻ ҵС
һº󣬾گٻأֻʣʱ䡣
γϵˣҲȥ£ڼһΣ֮󣬱ִһϣ󼱴Ҵҷء
һգ˶ɽǰϣտʼʮ˶ѣԸ½½ɻһЩɽۣ˼ʮϰˡ
ʱ䣬һǧİˣһ˵ĵûиϵȻ֮ǰҲǾŰٶ˰ˡ
ڶ⼸ˣȻյĵˣֻЩ˼ЩȣΪλԼûţô˳ӭӡ
ƣЩ޴룬ЩţϾǰʼƣ
ֱʱ󼸶Զһжٶˣڴ֮󣬴˵ֻʣ˾λϣǷų۱һǧˣƺƵ뿪˴ݡ
ۣڹȻôˡ
ǣǰڣѡ˵طٺ٣
̫ˣСϣȻԷУгһգҲﵽľ硣
̫ˣЩΣ֪᲻·ȥ
һȺ˵˽еһ˷ܣе˫Ŀգɫ԰ףĪ˵ͬ齻̸ҿһۡ
ʯҲǴ˶߹ģȻ˽˵΢΢һЦȺ߹漴գԪ϶һ֮ϡ
ϣگôʯһ䡣
ŷģȥȥˣʱ䣬Ѿ͵ˣԪ΢΢һЦ֮£ŵĵͷͷǵ
䳤򣬵Ǹûд֧ţ°ڣнĳɾͣʯɫ
ſˣǴҵĹͣΪ£Ҳҵı֡Ԫ˵ͷ֮дһ˿֮ɫЩп֮⡣
һǧڣϼѣκһɣҲй֮޲ʵԽָտɴ
ûзԪ򣬻ȥĻЩ鷳ݣɲ⶯õģ֪кΰţշҪ֧㡣ʯɫʵ
Ǻǣڶ࣬ƣյѹ˲ӶڣֻҪǵ͵£𿪣Ż᰾ȥġԪг˵
ϣ̽ķش˰ɣǹŻ壬һЩСǲ׵ġʯʵ
ŷģ̽ϣҪƷҲĲˣֻ֣ص㣬ĸۡǺܷˡԪϿڵ
ԯʲôطʯһ䡣
ԫĸۡԪϻش
ǺãȻȥµٽʽȻɽתͿˣ֮ϴϵӣҡʯڵ
Ҫȫ£ϵһˣ²סԪüͷһ塣
òЩˣȻǶԸ̣ɲ˭ɶеģҪһʯ˵꣬һ뿪˷ۡ
ڣ֪ǸǻΪ˳ô㣬ҲֻˡԪ̾Ϣһ漴˫Ŀ

ʯĸۡ˵൱ģȻûʲôǳػһЩ򣬻Ǵϲٵġ
Ȼ䷱̶ݻֻ̫࣬ǿȵ˫򣬵ȴû˫ǰ󣬸߽ҲǺܶࡣ
ĸֵۡԵҲַǷһЩɫĽȻǺܺڴ˵ҲƵ۵Ĵˡ
߼䣬˽գߵķΧһ㽨ƻֺ꣬װεļ߹󣬵ֿ֮⡣
Է̫һϵ¾ȻķĽǣֻߴһأҿǸոսһ
ⲻ֪ҪʲôȻŪôɵĽ
ѵǸҪ
̫񰡣̫죬̫ˡ
Ѳ̣
ˣ̣ԯ÷ֵ꣬ԯڣ˭￪пȥ
һЩָָ㣬棬һЩͨϰֻǿ֣ǲᣬƽɻ׬Ӷæ̫ʱ֡
ȻһЩԱ⸻˼ңʲôطǾȻйٱأ˵ȸȥ׽͸ˡ
ԯһרǮ˵ǽȥġ
ǣˣɢ˰ɣûʲôϡģԯãҲط۰սȥ
һЩͨƲƲ죬׷ױһۣ뿪˵أΪ֪Ҳǰ׿ֵ̲ǽȥ
ʯγϣŰյִŷʽԲ˿࣬Ҳ˺ֵܶĿ⡣
ԥʯǰйٱһӰʯæںǳ⣬ʯ˳Ľ˴ڡ
ʦ֣㾹Ȼ˹ʯЩ⣬ոյõԪӦúúñչǡ
ٺ٣ʦģһæϾһʦǺܵģ΢Ц
ʯ˵ͷȻǺͬ⣬ȻʯˣҲֻ֧֣ܲñ˿Ц
ôˣʯʵ
һҩϣϾͻɹˣγԶ£ҲˣŵҪҵһӪȥ̵ƹЩӪ顣
һɵ£Ǿ֮⣬ھûʲôˣ¥Ѿڷźˡɵ˵
ãĲֽԿʯ˵꣬æ뿪һṦ򣬴һߣȻԪ;Ϊ
ƣֻһڣ˶龳龳ʯ˿ˣü
ʲô֣Ϊ̲ˣʯʵ
ϰ壬ܵԯôѹʵãûбϵ̫ԯãɱ׬ǮӲĶǺü̡
ֵܼ죬ѾʵףⶼǸҸɵĻƣԭмˣܵĵطȥˣ⼸˻ģ֣׼ڱ𴦶ɽ𡣡߽ԼһЩ˵һ
ʯһһ֤˼⣬оͷԻ㾫ȷǸˣϹŶô壬ͷȡᡣ
ʲô֣Ȼ綫ɽΪʯ׷ʵ
ط磬Ϊ⽨ǳ󵽵ģžˣͷԾͨˣͶ뼫󣬿ԯûҪɡ
ˣƺϣҪﴳһЩãѹԯãϰҲģԯãȻĻԻͣԫԯܵƷԳط߻ش
ط磬ٺ٣ҰĵǲСʯһطɫ΢䣬ʯȴЦЦ⣬ȻȱԺչȭš
лǰطһȫӪشԯãطϲ
̫磬ܷܻһɹϵʯû˵꣬ſڴӰһγϱЦǺǵ˽
ɹԴطɣطĹָͣ㣬·ţԯƷȫɹϡγ΢Ц
Ŷγˣʯ͵Ŀ˿ط磬漴½ļ˼ĵʦʦԼʦһ̸ʯƷ
ΨһʯʧǣЩһ㣬ı޷ƣżܹƳɹ̫ͣķѲϹֻ࣬Ǯ
£߼ҩȣֻʱɹˡ
ǰ˵仰֮ҪһУ䶮Ӫ֮Щ鷳ס棬زɹһЩƷҪռµġط罨鵽
Ҷˣγϸ⽨ȻɣʱϴŰϵӣ˴֮ڣûио̫ӵϾС
ô죿ʯЩ⡣
ϵż·ϱϵӣȫˡЦЦ
ʯ˿ӣϤڵӦ֪ʲôǹơ
һҪ׼ˣȷ̫ʺϣЩԴв̫ûᣬֻΪҽһϵӡ
ҸһᣬʱʮˣֱҪԪϾ˾粻ޣĴ
ֻҪ׵ҩһöΪҩʮöÿ·ŵʮֻҪ˽̻ᣬ뿪̻صţ˭£
¡
Ҳ¡
ѡѡңܸɣ
ͬħһ㺰ۺĴ˭Ҫ£ȻҲһС˲ΪǵֻɲӦôõط
ãѡλͬʱҲҪһЩأ̷ʽҪѧϰ´¹涨ʯЦЦѡ˼ϵӣ뿪
ʯһֵϵľӪڸڳˣֻû˭ֻطԶһҲջ񼫴
ǴεڿҵӣֵǣҶûйϣ
һΧ˰ˣһЩ߷׷ۣ֪ʲôȺм΢Ŀ㽨һĲм֮ɫȻűװϳԯõˡ
浽ʲô쿪ҵǲǽȥ
ǾǣҿûԯøúãȻҲǰ׿
ҿδأ˼죬Ͳһˡ
ྲһ˵ĶУһȻ֮ɫ߳ſڡ
ţʯ⣬ż̧һ޴ң˷տյȻһֶûС
̽տҵƷ۳ۣѵģڻ˵֪ģԼȥʯЦЦ
ѵģ
ôܣͽ׷ɣ
ͽ׷Ҳãòϣϣȥ֪ͨһ£һЩѣѵı
Ҳȥ֪ͨѡ
̽ʲôְ㿪ҵɣôңȺУһü۵꺰
ʯû˵һӣˢһ£Ƥĺɫֽųǰʯֳһ˽ɫëʣɷд˼֡
ӥչᣬһգ
дʲôǶɣ
ʶ֣˼ȿȣһЩߺʫ⾳ȻҲһЩĲɲ֮ˡ
öӥչﰿ裬޾ұߵԸǾһ֮ƣֻϧмܹ
һЩĲ֮˷׷׸̾ͬʱҲʯĲ֮ߣ
ʯһӣƮպ˴ԣŽɫԣ汻עʣ·ԸӦ̡
˷ʱˣ˵ʲôְɡ
ǣϿ쿪ҵɣǿ̣ʲôԯñȽϣʲôСѣɱóһЩЩֽԼӰЦЦü۵Ŀ˿ʯ
ʯоθڵĲˣ΢΢һЦ̵ѾˣǶĿͷ֣ͷ֮ã
˵껰ʯŽɫëߵҽǰɷдĸ֣˿һ㶣ȻǶͷϣȡ֮
̣
ĸӲӵĴҹſϷ˲˫Ŀһ׷׸оһȵϣߵԶҲܸо⸽̡


ڶپʮ˻ ս
ʯոչңƺСġ֮£һƵ˵ϣ漴Ƶļ˲˫Ŀһ
ͼɫơ
ʲô˼
ߣ׳գ֪֮ҵбԲǣһ۽һЩʶģ¶֮ɫٲ֮ǰǰ⡣
⣬ô죿ƺǻ鷳ȺУһü۵꣬ͬ˵
ģһᰵ֧ԯõ˾ˡͬ鿪ڵ
˵ɽɵˣԣǼʶ㣬Ӧñϳ٣ƽʱȡ˶ô˷ҪһЩġü֮˵
ʯ˿˵ı飬¶֮ɫƣ΢Цʯĳʽҵ֮ҽȥ俴üˣλ룡
˵Żʯ΢΢һڴ֧ſ̣к֮
룬һЩˣǱٱ棬Ǵ̿ҵٸæʱһãͨ˽˵عأҲ͵ɸ˲ܽˡ
һ¥ڣǽڹ˰ͼڣЩѾɵͼڣϰɻᣬЩδɵĵҳͼڣֻмʮŵһǽϣǷ˵ҳͼڡ
ͼڣ̫ˣҲˣȻڣ֪ʱĻȺ֮С
ͼڣǺ
֪û
ʲôǰͼڣݴԴҵȹĦ֮£⾳ôʼĦһͼڣԺǳɹʼߡ
ֻԪϾĦҲã
Բ֪ˣ
ףֻǻĦͼ֮󣬾ȻоۺһЩ⾳ˡ
˽˲ͼΪЩȴǾ۾ĹĦ
ʱü۵꣬սߣڵǰͼʲô˼ˣ֮ǰƣ֪ôԸ
ԣüͷһ壬ΪڣȻϤĺ壬ǾԲǡ
ѣֵѣλȻͣҵңʱʯ˽ǰԷ˴к
ԣеֹͣۿͼڣǲ̫˵ƺָ˼ɽ֧ԯõģ϶鷳ڴ
ϣôһ£漴һʯ
ϷչˣȻҪˣҸǽһ£λʯҲϿ˿ɽˣ΢Ц
ʲôʯ۽һȻûʯǾ
˵ǱڹɽսܺȳŹĻӣ̫ӵЩ飿ڸݣ𾪵û뵽ʯᡣ
ǺǣˣʯĳλѣȻˣתתԺ̣տȻҲҪλӴ˵صĵչһʯ΢Ц
һһ꼱æͷȻʯʵݣϾȳŹĹϵԼĻӵĽ飬;Բǵġ
û뵽ڳţԺҵȾԾչһ£Ƕ˾ԲԹۡһɽɳϹЦ
Ǿٺòˣлλ˵ذͼڣλĦлԵ۳ʺԼǻޡ
¹ĦͼڣδǼʣɶԼ⾳綼벻ĺôֻҪаλȻ˽⡣ʯ΢Ц
ԭͼô̫ˡ
𳳱𳳣ڹĦˮţͼڣڸоЩϵ˱仯
̫ˣҾȻ֪ͻ龳ﵽ龳״̬ˣҪעд̫ˣͼá
ˣ¥϶ʲôȥιһ°ɣţ϶û˸ˣıҲȫ
ǣ˵ȫŻ𣿿ȥ
еһ¥Ħͼڣеȥ¥ϣÿһ㶼ѰźֵԱȻ˸¡
ʯַǷĳ棬ЦЦ֮ǰͨ籨ţ̵ԽԽ࣬Щ˵ҲĦͼڡ
ֻһ¥Ϊ֮˸ûпλֻܵ¥۹ǹ˲ٵĲϱ
벻ۡ
ϴȥԯÿһн鱦۸̫û򣬵ﻹǺܺģҸոһ
ǰǰĲҲܱˣҺȫ۷׷ףһ޲ڣӶ¥
ʯֻЦЦʵϱҲ׬ȡһ˹ȵķãռһ㶼ûУȻлЩƷ׬Ǯģֻǲࡣ
ʱƸ뵽߽׵ʦʦԼʦڵļ۸۱ﵤҩҲռ䡣
ڶ繺򣬺Ͷûʲô̫СˣҲգȴгɣʯν˵ȴ˼Žηչ
৵һ
йϼһһ׶ͼڹϼһ漴˱ǼһͷޱȣС׶ǳ嵽գһ֮£ǳ˷ͷ֮ڡ
ô£
ѵͻȻ֣ɽɵˣ
⻹˵ãǿӡ
ʱҲֻ·һ
۷׷ףԣһĿŷ꣬һṦֻ˫ĿȻһбâ
޹׶ǣڱ۳磬˺սɣ˵꣬緢Ĵһӡ
һ
ٴγ׶ӰȻâ˸Դȴǰ˳ŷһ׶Ӱɢ
ϲѣ˷˳۳ǻޣһսʯ΢΢һЦ
ηǶʯѷͼڣڴȻ٣һֱûҵ׶깤ͼڣҴݾƫԶԺǿҪˡһϲ֮ɫ
ǳӭʯ̵˵
ãʯǴ󷽣Ҳռˣȥ¥˵껰ȥ¥ϡ
ϣҽĶ˰ɣʯһ䡣
ŵķԸͼڶǰӡݣȥ׶ͼڻϣ˵꣬ǳ׶ͼȥ
ԭλǰһͨܵ
ǰǶˣϿĦɣٷˣͼںô̫࣡˽һϴžϲ֮ɫ
ǰϲǰڴͶ룬ͼ£˰ɣǺð취ҲҪ뵨Ͷ룬ֻҵԯϺ꣬ʱһҲִᷢ¡ʱطյʯߣ˵
Ŷ㾹Ȼһ۾ͿóֶΣǺǣûϵֻǵһѣˣ˵Ժͽһᾡųһ򣬶һҪȥ죬Աϣʯ¶֮ɫ


ڶپʮŻ 
ʮ̣
ĳ侲ڣʯϥʱİ죬ΨһвģǸ߽ƷҪȥ򣬱ϾԼûд
˰ͼڵӰ죬̵ѾݣݸһЩޣҲ˵֡
ЩɱǣЩ˾ܴԶĸȴǸ֪̾ǾӪʲôЩƺҲںעģѷİͼڡ
֮⣬ԶЩһ壬Ҳ̹ܵĦͼڣвڡ
ǵĿĺܵﶼѣȻЩ߽ϡ٣ҲЩҪ֪ȥ˴ݣڼ࣬˵ͻᱻ˭ϡ
ȻҲЩ֮ҡͷ̾Ϣһ뿪˵ͼ࣬ȴûԼҪֻ࣬ܵԶĴݡ
ʯҲע⵽㣬к뷨طһСӣ澹Ȼ¼ɨ˶ԼҪͼࡣ
ǰЩʧĿˣҪЩͼڣҶ¼ϣַ֪ǷУطصʵ
ǰǷ˾ӪʽһָͼƷʯʵ
ûСطʵش
ΪΣʯü
һԴЩƷҵʵСֻԪϾȥ򣬷ȻᱻϣΪЩƷӴľͲԪϾȦӣȦӡ
Ҫһ㣬ڳԶʽͶʣĿǰܴ棬̵̫ƾԼЩ뷨ȴҲҳԡطɫ
˵ﵱƷʯɫһ塣
ңԲǰһطµһ¡
Ǻǣú£뷨ǲģҪԵһʯ͵Ŀ˿ط磬о˾ִҵͷԣֻûһʱʵ׬ǮҲˣֻܸɵۡ
ɽط绹пܸɳá
¸طעһЩӪ˼·ʱéٿû뵽⻹ʯҵϣ׼¡
ʯǣϰܾ֮ⶼûУֻʯصź󣬺ʹϴк֮£ʯҲǳˡ
ͺðˣӪ滹ط磬ԼʯѡѵļӣطԭĻơ
ȻȻʢһ¥˽ϵģȴûԯö࣬Ҫԭǣԯѹ˼۸
Դʯģԭû㿪ʼԯãҪȻѾˣԶض˻֪ԯãһ̡֪
һգԪϺȻŸʯصһˣʯ֪Ϊ£ܼûж֮£һǶ뿪ۡ
ǰȴ̸Լɹϣʯȫߡ
˵ؾȻ·ԶʯĶ٣Ҳֻһʱ䣬˳ϵɽſڵȻָ˼ˣϳʯ
ţ

ʯ˵ͷֱԪֳ֮⣬˾ȻȫڳȻд·
ŻĸպãھٰɽŴ䣬ʱ򽫻һǰҪǲڣס档Ԫϻڵ
Ҳס˴ĳ棬һǰǼɵˣǼɵݣϿжѹһѹк֣ü
ϿкõĽ飿ϼæʵ
ߣкýĻҾͲ԰ˡʼ磬
ˮڣȻˣͲҪ˵ЩɥʯĳȻλãͲλȻλãͻ취άš
˵ңʱ˵ȻûзԪ򣬵ҲԲǺ۸ģĻʯгһգȻӱǣϹȻɱ
ʯһɢһѹȷԵ˭Ļɱʯ˭ҲûӣʯӲһҲҪɵ֡
ãøˮڣһʵϷգҵԽԼסǻᱻ˼Цֱͦˣҵкξ壿Ԫϸ˵
һսγɫ
ٺ٣սǿ϶ģǲǿսţ鷳ҳס½Ժ˵׼ٴŹâѣЦ
ˣôûлԪȻʲô
Ǻʹ˵ˣѾʱ̣ϾûǾԲеģӡͼڣԪϾġ
ʯĻ˵꣬˲ҡͷ̣˵ʵû˭ãȻҲ˵֣֪ʲôֻ֪Ȿͼڣ˲ˡ
ɢʯҲЩżĲձ濴Ʒ⣬ʵ޷
£ʯι½ɽţ֮ǰֲ٣ԪϾס򣬾ȻйիңǽŵģȻΪʯ
ת˼Ȧ֮ʯ˵ͽ׵Ӿס򣬷һիҲڣҲǿŵģЩϻǺĵġ
ڹիסȻµңʯȻЩУ㶵ĿϤİһУʯвп
ǲ͵ģ˵ȻĲ㣡
˵ˣǲģҡ
ߣ㣬ƽʱϲռЩˣٲ˵Ҿʹȡ
Ȼ䣬Զʯ˼תȥһ꣬һ뺷Ů˴һ˶ǻѴĵһԡ
ƺľ˸ɴ˴һȹŮһ갴ڵϣǰǴѪǿ֮ɫһҧԷԼ
ô£ʯǰ˼ȥȻһָ֫ȻǿܵģϾȻ˶ġ
˭꿴ʯһۡ
磬ȹŮһŭڵС͵ҵķҶҵˣϡ
û͵ǲġ˻
ҵģЦȡǼĿģߡȹŮڵ
һյҩ߼׬ô֪𣿡
˰ɣȻﳤϵͯӣ˽Գ۵ͼۻյĵҩǶ֪Ǽ񶼼ҲƽʱͰռϵķġ
УҲҪƤҵöͿΣҺȻֲˣպϿһö˵͵ģȹŮ˵
ġһҧ
ӲҾˣҶʹλʦˣǲûҶʧķҲûͽ׻磬˵С͵ôȹŮߵ
ʯЦЦȥȹŮӣӣƽżȥռϾɷҲȹŮʧķȻᱻɣң߲
Ǻǣ˵˵͵ģǴģɱģǼģһͲ鵽Ҫ˵ģŷȿҲʯ˫Ŀâһ·Ҫ˿һ㡣
꼤Դһ˿ɫεǣǡԼƵģ
ʲôԼƵĵͽ׻ʯʱ˫ĿŹ⣬־ϲĿǰİ꣬ȹŮһı֮ɫ
ͬһʱ䣬ɽɣĳ侲ڣ
ԬţҪ飬ôϼΰһ΢ЦĿ˿Ԭ
ٺ٣ܼ򵥣ǼԽ࣬ÿ˳ԵԽ٣෴һԽ٣ǷֵĺôԽ࣬Ҫٴ
⿿һЩͽ׵ӣǲģڴ֮ϣǳ֣±Ҳͬ⣬ٺ٣Ԭ΢΢һЦΰ΢ĵ˵ͷ


ٻ 
ɲҪƭңҪ˵ѵĻʦţʦúһ٣ʯ˫Ŀһе˵
ŵĻҿһθǿѾ֪ˣԺ˽Գ۷׬Ҳˡ˫üһ˵
ãСѾͷſɣǾȥԣܲƳʯ˵껰ȹŮȻЩ̫ͬ⣬ҲֻӦһ
ãͿ˵󻰵ļһ˵ģΪӣҲѧϰûгɹƹȹŮ
ûзֻֽзʣīϴﻻġü
īˣ㻹һŵҩһīҾͲƳӣھȥ󡣡ȹŮŰ䡣
ſԼߣ˾Ҷ䣬ŮģͷСŮ귭˷ۣŮ֡
ӣ㡭ȹŮҪŭʯϡ
ˣȥڼ䲻Ҫ໰ʯɫһ壬Էųһѹɫ΢ףҴһ¡
һ·϶û˵ֻĬĬӶԷʯڣɫһæվȿڣʯǰ˰֣ʾⲻҪ˵
һҪþߣˣһЩͼֽӵͼ߼ʯ˵꣬ϵͷӦһ
Ƭ̺׼Щþߣʯ˿һʯң˳ȥʯرʯŽƣþ׼׵ڷǰ
ҪƲǾ֤˵ѣʯޱ˵
˿̣ȹŮɵҲóʯݲһ㣬Բǵͽ׵ӣȻϲ˿߽׵Ӽڵͽⲻ˻
ʣֳɵīմ˼£漴һŵͽ׷ֽƬ̣滭һЩļǺš
ǵͽ׻ʯ˵ͷҷļǺŻƵ൱׼ٱԼտʼǿ˲٣ŮЩ֮ɫĿŰꡣ
Ƭ̺󣬷ĻƳɹЩнĿ˿ʯʯǵ˵ͷʾɣżæͷ׼ӡ
ףʯͫһ꾹Ȼ˫֣׼˫ʳָӡɲһģѴʯ˽ⲻˡ
Ů״һ㶣ӵķ˷ۣԸоЩˡ
ʱֻֽһöâ꼱æһ㣬漴ջ֣һöǶݣȴЩĵȥ
ʯЩоâ˸ǿ˲һṦʣöĵʱ򣬰Ķ˰ģָһ£ƫλã󣬵ʧܡ
ۣҾ˵ܳɹģ˵ķӦ෴Ůǵûʧһ˵һʯ
Щľګ㶵ĿʧܵķֽŬŬ죬Ҳû˵Щʲôֻ۵ϣʧ֮ɫ
ʯɫǽȻ෴ǵûʧЩţ˷Ȼʧܣÿһַʯǿ˾
˫ַӡģʯһ䡣
Ϊˡ
ʯ˭֪Լ׳գ
˵˫ַӡģ˶ãʯһ顣
ûһ޹
ȿȡðɣʯһڣڵ˫ôôãǰ˫ƵϷʯ뵽ԼĴ󣬵Ӧûаɣ
⡭ͷ˼˵ûɶģҺСȥɽϣҼܵر졣
٣βʹ׼⣬϶࣬ȫڣʱϳȺܣܵؿ죬ǾͱϣһҪϲ
ڴųơΪǶһֻֻ֣֣ʼֲֻϰߣΪӮˡ
ǸѣҪٿ죬һҪãһҳβʹ׼ĴϺѣϻܣĲᣬԱȴϼ򵥣һ˵ͯϷϲ
ֻʯĿɿڴҲ޿ɷ˼ҵĺӾСߣ˼ҺûǮʧȥȤҸľŲ̋һ졣
Ǻǣ˼ʯЦЦЩˣһΣҪţҪƳɹԺʲôҲ͸ѧϰƷˡ
ģЩɣ֪ʯûȨ
Ǻǣҿʦ㿴ʯ⹴һöͽ׻ָãöĵĵͽ׷ʯķӦٶȣ۾ƾ֪׳ɹ
ˢһ¡
һöͽ׻ϼһԤʾѾƳɹʯֵ깤̸ֻЦ֮䣬ȹŮһĽ֮ɫļλʦҲûֶΡ
ʦҲΪʦŮȻȰ꼤顣
ǺǣƷΣԿʯ˵꣬Ůɫһֶûңʧ֮ɫ
ڶ˶Ի֮䣬ٴƷһΣȴǼ˳ɹƳһöͽ׻ʯ޲ڡ
Ϊͯӣ֪Σߣȥԣ˵ŻʯʯţֱŮ֮Ҳ˹ʯҲûֹ
׼һЩҩֱԼרõرʯŽƣʯڵѧϰ
ѧϰۣûƹҲûش
ãһֹѪ㿴裬Ȼһ£ҵҪʺϣʺϣʯ˵껰¯𣬱ǿʼ
ʯַ߽ⳣʶ뾭飬Լÿҩĵ;ƣҺϸ΢ϸ£һṦһֹѪϡ
˰ɣȥԣʯ˵꣬Щӣ֮ǰǰģʵɹʧܲҪ
ʯͬԼһһҪɹǿԷһԣԼϣԷն١
Ƭ̺ʯʧҡҡͷԼȻҲʧܣʱյķֺ濴һģһ
ֻǵʯûע⵽ͬҩģ٣뾥ѡȡһΣӰСʱ䣬ͬҩʹøͬСҲͬԼպ«ư
ڿŰ꣬ǵİ죬ЩöټеţŪͷ󺹡
ˣȷŰ黨ȴȷֹѪݣҴ˵ֹѪ¯֮Ҫͻ𣬽ҩܽͱݻ֮ˡ
лУºʹָҲһ˵ҩ¯ʱ̫̣˵ҩ޷ȫӷ
걾ͽţټŮϲڹһһɽ̱ǵζ˳̲סŭһ
Ϊӣ㶮ö࣬Ҫվ˵ۣûָӣ˵˵Ҷɹˣ˵ԽԽСȻԼû˵
ߣ㿴ʧĵطж٣Ůٴ¶Ůǣһǿ֮ɫƿ˰꣬漴ʼ¯ңʯȤ֮ɫһУҲûֹ˼


һ 䣨ϣ
ȹŮʯĲ裬һ㲻Ľҩ˳򣬼ʱպõζҩ֮ڡ
ŮԲպ«ưʯ˵ÿҩԣԴķŮյĺܺá
ʯֹѪҶԷҩƬ̣ǷҩʣµֹѪݸŮҩڣȴԱʯӳƬ̣ŷҩ
ȻǵøԾҶͬĶԴ֮ʯɫһƾһ㣬;ԱȵԼҪǿܶ࣬Ҳû˵Լֻպ«ư⡣
صһ
ʯ˼䣬һһŰɫ輤Ů̧һץವһУŮԼҲЩţһαƳҩһļ˷֮ɫ
ô㻹ʲô˵˵ͯǸûѧġŮһ֮ɫ
ߣСŮʲô㻹ѧأǲֶΣ귭˷ۡ
˿̵ʯǿһĿˣо˸ŮһαƳҩ˵ϸڷ棬Լ֪ǿ˶ٱ
˲֪ʯԼ֪ԼĵǿȫƾҩģȻһԭҲָĵԼžĵüϸ¡
ֻϧΪ̫ͣʱɲϴãҲãСʼܳΪԼˡ°ͣʯа뵽
ʲô֣ʯ˿ꡣ
ӣ
СŮ
㣬Ժۣרѧϰ뵤Ϊӡʯɫ
ҽרѧϰ
ҽϷŪҽСŮ
㱾ŮһŮûУ
ãʯ˵ͷѧͽڸ˭ʦ
ûУʲûգֻЩڸŷʦ֡̾Ϣ
أʯ˿
ұӣһֱ󡣡ɫ
ãǸʯ˵ŻʯŽƣŶֱҵﳤϡ
ţ֪кηԸﳤϼʯæʺһ
ʲôǣ
ţ
ɫĲ԰æڵϣ֮ǰȻд磬ǰһӶûУһ仰ֹʦô򵥣
ˡʵûš
ɣǣʯЦŰ˰֣ﳤ˵Ҵˣﳤûɣ
ԣﳤһ㶣漴æ˵ͷͷԵӣҲϤ֪ʲô֡
Ǻǣϲ߾ǣﳤϿڵ
ã׼һ䵤ԺרŸʹãʯûж˵ʲôˣֱҵϡ
ϣļӣʯһ䡣
Ͽ˿漴ͷһǰ˼ӣʲô⣿
Ͽɷøң
⡭ǿϣϷȻøţѾͷƺЩԡЦЦһǲļӣϻǲġ
ҪǻǰԿԳΪʽӣҴֻ˷ʳڵĵʤʵû˼һӣ˷ѵԴۣҪ˷ʱ䡣
ãһԺרŸʹãʲôҩṩҩʱĿãʯ˵Ľһ
ãͽڶеʯ˵꣬ɵö࿴һۣǵõԼѡеˣʵڲǵ츳
ûרŵʦԶ⴫һЩȻרҵҲõиŻ
ǺǣھҵļӣþҵߣԺʹκ鶼ֻѧϰ뵤ƾԼѡڲϷãʯɫ
Ҽǵѵһ㶣漴еãͰŵİţ
ûʲôˣæ
˵껰ʯˣΪṩר׼ʯңֽЩţоҸ̫ͻȻˣֱһ㣬ſˡ
ԺϰϰҪʲôֱλҪֻҪŬֳɫҿΪʽӡʯɫ
ǣʦһŬʦʧġͬ˵
Щ츳֪ʶ˵һûУھͼ򵥵شһЩĻ֪ʶ
ʯ˽һЩ֪ʶԼҩͱֶΣóöƬ湴һС֡
ֱһЩҩ࣬ͽ׵ֶΣĵãֱԼĻҪϸȻķĵȻٲˣĻЧԼעȵȡ
Ƭһ㣬о
ڣǿʲô⣿Ҳһţ¾ңȻҲڵʱҲѯλϡʯɫ
ʦе㲻ס
ʦҲ̫
Ƭвĵطæʯ˴ʱ䣬˶Щˣʯ׼ȥ
ȥԷɣˣסһ飬ӻϰҪź֣ɹķҩҪñ˿Ҳ׼Ϊ˽Գۣ𣿡ʯʵ
ӽǣ˻شϣʯЦЦ뿪ʯң漴һ˽һʯҡ
뿪̣ϸԼ˴ķ뵤ҩϣصţʯ׼նһЩҲ̳۵ĻɱһЩ

ڹ㳡֮ϣ
˵ԭտյȴΪһЩϣִµάȫǴһҪ
һŵڷţʵСȺ볡ϰŸƺյոһЩŮޣǲʱضһЩɽζ
㳡ģһЩķŮӣ裬ַǷ
һɽ䣬һ֣ҲǶһŻǰ
ͬȻһûзԪ򣬶£һȴǲΪȻ
ҲڵλЩΣ˲֪便Ӧ
㳡мˣӶ࣬вһЩѾõɢޣֻʣµɣĹȡ¶ɽɡŵĸȫ
Ҷϼ塢ϼ塢ŷλ峤Ҳȫ٣Ȥǣһ䣬ЩҲһ
죬һЩţԪϹȫҲ֪ǸӣĿģɽԬϼΰڸһ΢ЦĿ̨ϵԪϣȴûмʯӰ


 䣨У
ȹϲԪˣǺǣչ䣬ΪûأĹĵ˻ڵ
Ԫ̨Χ΢ЦڱչأԺͻģĳлλǰԼλͬǰ
ܴڣͷҲ̧˵һ䡣
Ǻǣ峤ȻǰأֺαϸڣʯĳһλЩ齻ԵһЩʱ䣬λ£ʱʯȺ߳漴λ֮ϡ
ʯţ¶֮ɫ
ʯĳʯЦЦ
š
ֻΪϷΪߡ
˼ʯţ죬Ҫ֮ء
ǵǣϷֻǲˣţǲƽ
ǺǣʯΪ͵֮λϲɺأϷĹȹʯţڷ󡣡ĹĵЦЦ
ţףʯԽԽáѩ΢΢һЦ˵
ڸɽ˺ͷ֮˵һЩף֮࣬ʯǺЦӦ濴ƽϲ
ȷΪţ˵ȥ֧һ̣ǲʯԿİɣɽԬЦЦ
ô᣿ʯᣬҲСӰϷûʱ䣬ȥ̣ԬһŪˣ迪ֻ̣ȥշѾͿˡЦ
ԣЩԵ˽ͶʯһȻ֮ɫһɳϣɫƵĿԬΰԪ˱ЩΡ
кιϵɫһ˵
ҵ֮Ի㿪ڵķݣΰһעΪһ֮ϯϡ
һƺߣϵɫ΢ףҪŭæϵסҪԿĿ϶ϣҲԼ˲ǣ
״˲̾Ϣһڱ濴Ʒ⣬ûзԪкãʯס档
峤ǰŻڣ֪㻹ûڵδ̫Źѩüһ壬֮ᷳɫ
ϣôˣҪվǳͷ漥Ц
ʱʯȻɫһ壬Ȼһ棬ȻûκȴԼͷųһλߵơ
ΪҲҷ𣿡峤һƲ
峤ʯĳΪһ֮һͣҲҪϣڵĵҰĻʯ˶٣оһ
в˵һ仰κˣֻܺǺǺˣȿԣ죬Ҳ˽ʯͷһμڵСһὫ
ϵҲɫ΢䣬ʯԹȻƣ⻰˵δЩˣ²ճ
ΰǹһЦô˵ȥҰΣ
峤ҰˣʯŭЦҰڱ˶УЦ׷׿׳һĿ峤
Ϸˣңߣ˵Ż峤ɫһƾҪ֣˶೤ϣһҲסԷ
סǴҪģؼǣűؽ˶Ժ̧ͷ
ҶԣϼԺ棿ʯ˵ŻȻվΣһƳְա

ƣ
ǿĻӣ̫ӵ¸ͨ
ҿ쿴Ǻǻʹͨ
˲ɫ΢䣬Щ֪ʯЩ˲֪£ʯó̫ʹöͨƣ͸˴һˡ
ɲͬܵԼϴ󣬵Ҳ˾ʱ󣬵ҲǼ
ˣϼҲûлʹͨƣһβ֮˼Ҳž㣿ֻܻߣǻټ
öͨƣζʯ壬̫ӵĹϵǱѰȻʯöƣԼʵֻóһ
Ȼΰʯƣɫһ䣬Ϊ֮ˣ˽Ƶ壬䲻æ֣ҿûг嶯
ֻΰЩҲסĿԼóȥˮջأ뵽˴ӲͷƤ׼֡
峤ʯ䣬Χƺ½һ룬ʯڵ֮Ȼûг֣ʯĳ
ҲһɱκһˣˣҲû㽫ɱĻʯûĺ³
ԲʯĳĻҲԳԣֻʯĳʵ벻ף֮ռʲôˣ
һʱһ飬ȴһԼԶɱĵˣжô£ѵһͣ´ӲǺǿϼ䣬֪ϼÿٺ»Ƿõõ
⡭ΰһ£ȷԼԼһʯһЩǿӰæԺϼ壬ҪԼĺϣ
ҪӣװûƤҲܵʯԼеɱʯ˵ûԼû
ΰһ԰˫һĳ˿ʯãû˵ʲô
ʯȴûоʹ˰֣ͱˣⲻԪϵ˲
Ϊ֣ʯĳͻŹ㣿Цҳ̫˽ңʯĳˣǺܼǳġʯкâһĿǰѳɹѹƶԷƣԼ̨ˡ
㻹峤üЩŭɫ
ǸΪֻսҰǸо㹻սȻҲڽǻɱ
ңϵǸĻʯĳ˼ǳ𣬿ɲұ֤ԺʲôΪǰ﹫Ȼϵ³ʯһ
㡭
ΰܵ裿ƽԪҲȥǸ˫Ŀȴڷһѱʯѹ塣
ʯŴ˴֮²ˣ䣬һЩϷΣĵ˹һЦ˸Բ
ŶţȻ˵ʯĳҪǲӣȴЩʶ̧ˣãͰ˵ģƣԺһʲô£ٲڵķݣ
ʯһͫһȻûҪʯʯĻѸȺۣӽ»عһɵλãԺһ롣
峤֪ʲô֮ǰеҪԺҵһɶôҷȡ峤ܾ
ʯûһϹԼǸʩһѹˣԼٸԷһ̨ף峤ǴҪ̨ȻͬʯŽһɡ
Ԫϵ˲͵Ŀ˿ʯҲɵöĿ࿴ϸϲɫ
˿ʯԼоŵӰӣӰҲΰΪԪ棬Ҳ޷ѹס峤ȻʯĹͣΰͷ̧ʯ΢ЦĿųˣ


 䣨£
峤شɽԬâһߣʯţѹˣк˲ܵԼҵţȴǼԼ
Ϸϲɱ㣬б£ڴķװҲǼʶһ£ε˵ģҵȸ浽壬֪ݣܷ񱣵ס
ԬһǿûοʯǴҪǼɵǿϵӮԬֱӵڹɽ
ʯ磬һЩ֣ŲᣬԬᣬϴλ˺ǿһģŹʯ
뵽Ԭһѹϯ֮ȻоһЩԪϹ֣ȴɫһ䣬һ䲻Խʯˣ
һѼĲֱӼ䵽ʯͷ֮ڣ漴֮У
ʲôһ̣ԬͫһԪϹҲɵñһͣ¶֮ɫ
ֻʯͫһֻɫ΢ף۶δգһ±ǰȻ
ԬţڳˣֻҪ˺ʯĳ㻹ʸ񣡡ʯһϳ֮ɫ
ʯһӣһ⼤һ֮󣬺ȻڰձѶϵ΢΢һ㶣ԪҲ¶֮ɫ
صһ
һö߽״ŷѿΪ⣬漴һȻΪǿӵӰֳȣ΢ЦĿˡ
䣬ڷ֮޷ǰǰձؽԵŵأףءѡʯŻָһɡ
²Ǳǿĳλ£ĳһͬ㣬ڽ֮ˣĳѣȻ˽ݴ⣡
䣬ɫӰȻҶΪʧһɫľګ峤һʧ룬ԬŸɫѿ
Ǻǣ֪컹˭£ʯ˵껰쳣ȻûһٸҳԣԬΰһλꡣ
δ뵽꾹ȻǣڳҲóϷʳʯ˭ƿȾ棿
Ԭʯĳȣʯʵ֮ǰǹʵʵڵϯʯڣһûУ
ȻʯȻûˣڵĻǣ˼֣Ҫǿⳬǿ֮ʯ㶯κһսԵǵֿನ磬Լش
գԵĻǣʯҵ˵䲻Լڵ޷ˡ
һ̧ͷ̸һɣ
ǿӵĴŷȻ֮ǰʯ׼ĺˣտʼʱʯһЩ
Ȼû˼£ϣԼʼˣʯ˵껰˲ԻعԪһԸһЩŮ޼Ƽȡ
ʯŲѹ㷺ʵϷЩۣĵ΢΢һЦһֱʯܵסԬһԽоʯ򵥡
ŹճɸλǰʯĳȾλһʯ΢΢һЦ漴Ʊڳٺ˹һ
ι㿴ʯεȷ⣿
ǰտʼСȻΪһ㣬ʵҵȺա
˼һжݣֺͻ彻ãǱȲˡ
ȻԪ峤ѹòҿڣ˽ȻͷһμʯտʼڣȴǸı࿴
Ԭ˿ˣɫֿ˿ʯڵԬĳͬڽһɡ
Ԭϼ壬ȻķߣΪڵĵ̣ԬΰϷֲ٣ҪڻָһҪԵķ³
Ԭкμ⣿ʯ˫ĿһС
ԬĳҲ£Ҷ֪أҪһ룬ҪóеʵɽսţƽӮˣʵԬɫ˵
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ԬҪʯĳʯһЩЦЦ
Ǻǣʯ̫Լˣɳһϼɣ
Ԭ˵껰ʯЦһգüͷ΢΢𣬰һϺ꣬ҪԬԶ֣Լ¡
ԷɳϣȻʵǿˣԲʯȻսͣҲûԸԽܴԲĵز
Ԭţǳڹȥˣʯɫһ˵
ʯˣȻҪһɣܵôҼ֤һʵ˵ûзԪǲԽһɵġ
Ȼʯ⣬ԬĳԲƽϣԲŸʯһ˳һ̨ףҲôķڷԬ¶յı顣
ô˵ʯĳҪллԬţʯתһûһ˵ţȴŶԲߣһսҪ⡣
ؿҶΪţ˵ԺкĻᣬԬЦôʯŲӦս
ԬϹСڳ֮˿Ц
Ȼ䣬һţɫһ䣬׷վΣתͷ壬Լ䣬һɰѹɢ
ʲôôܣ
Ѿ𣿡
ԣѵԪϹ¶ɲ֮ɫԬݣԾĿ巽
ˢһ¡
һݹ˻û˭Էģ֮£ǳʯԡ
㣡
Ϲ
߲滹ǺˣһĻֹ𾪣֮ˣҲȻֻԪϺ֮ɫ
ܣѾˣԬ˫ĿһЩŵӣ𾪵ǣ澹Ȼ׵˷Ԫڡ
ԬϹ͵ҵսѶ֪ɣֻϧǵĲϷ壬ϷǱ޶굢Уһֱڲǻ֮΢΢һЦ
ʲô˵֮ǵĲ㱾壿Ԭ۽һ
ǺǣϷأһ򵥵Ļ֮ȥźֻкԶϹʶϷĻֻ֮ϧһһ粻ûп̽ءЦЦ
㡭ϹȻգҪթھگԬһթۿ׳յӲܣǰǱģҲԲ˳չ
ΪûзԪûʲôвԸһ֮
Ԭɫΰɫѿ˰˿ǰûΪʯԺɾˣڣ֮ǰȣ
棡ʯڳ˷׷׹ͬʱʯҲ˿ԼҲڿһЩˣкô治ôõģͬʱҲһ΢ЦĿʯ֮ɫ


Ļ ͱ
ʯҪóİ˰֣΢ЦʯϷȻڣѾΪţɣԺڻҪˣϷһϾͺˣǺǣ
̫ϳϣǺǣϹģմؾۣϼףڻعһףиɫţĵ΢΢һЦ漴Ʊ
ԪԣһɳϲЩнյЦʯᣬλţλչһĳȸΪ
˵Ż潫һ漴΢ЦĿ˿ΰԬڵѣԬѣȻǲͬ⣬ҪƽϷͷһĳԳݣսɽţλΣ
ã֧֡
֧֣
ǣ֮ǰԬ۸ˣ˼ҷԪˣ㻹ô죿ԬɫڵѣڿЦɣԺʵȻսΪ
ȻӦս˵ЩϻãҲգȻˣǾͰʧȥĵ̣ͻȻڹɽĵ̣ϷҲҪֵһ֡һЦݡ
ʲôڹɽĵҲȾָԬɫһΰЩŭݣڣڹɽֻң̣ɷֵࡣ
Ҫ˵ڵóȥ˵Ըǿ˵ùȥ˿ԴӦڹɽĵҲҪɾЩ˵ȥˡ
ΪβȾָǱϷڹɽ֮ĶңҿԲҪڹɽڶ֣ӦҪЩġɫ
ԬĳҪǲأԬ˵꣬ΰоâһ
Ȼ㣡ʼ磺ԬŲĳ˲ʱᣬɷͻⲻˣԬſȥս
㡭ֲСĻͱˣϵҲˣ
Ԭͫһɵʵټʯ屳Լսڣ򲻿ܵģڶԼս
ôĻԬѾ͸Ļڿɲ߾ߵĵطǣڷˣɫ״һһԪڵӴѹͷŶ
Ҫֲɣź۸ҵڣԬɫ
ЦǶͬˣ۸һ˵Ϸ򿴼ݷԪΪų֣Ӧý۸ǵԬôģͱ˵
㡭ߣԬĳ߾ǣԬ˵Ż׼뿪ֻǰһһ쳤һģһֶֻǴɫۡ
֮Ԭ΢΢һ㶣¶ݡ
ߣҲҪӦϷСҰɫһ
ĵѣλͬѲǶ죬ΪԬ˿༸ԪϹ֡
Ǻǣ²ؼ߸߹𣡡ų
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Ԭ¶ŭ⣬վڵĵϣϹ֣ʵڲ䶯֣Ƭ̣ݺݵĵ˵ͷ
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һ·ϣʯûţĲµƪżһҽʥ䣬֮ʱǱĵ伮Ҳʯ١
Ȼһʹúˣ֪һЩҩԣԱҲвСô˿־ĲҽҩǷʤһҪƿ˿ڲŻжҲǵ伮صļֶΡ
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伮ͨϣſ˵㣬ƺңңӦֺɣʯԽ伮򵥣ҲʯԶĵ伮Ȥ
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ʯû̫ˣΪҲɢ˻ɱˣϧѣҡͷ̾Ϣһʯɢˣɵ˫Ŀһ


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ʯѸոշأ֪飬ҲգҴŸ㽲ȥ֧Աαڷ̳ɢʯ
˵Աɢ֮˶һֻԱʧбʯ
ºصͳѯһ㽫龭˵ɢ˵ӣڹɽܺõܡ
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ȴʯʱûϢеȴʱ䣬ͳ춯˴ŷѰʯȻ޷ӦȷʯѾѣûᡣ
ʵʱʯڣӲŷݣֻ˲ˡ
ԫһ£׷ɱڷ֮ˣ˵Ȼʯʯ֣ŽǺڷ֮˻ɱ
ǰ֮ʱ˴£ͳȴһʱ䣬ûлųŴŸ㣬ιȻųɹ
ǰգԱ淵ص;Уɢ˺Ȼ֣ҪΪȥͽֻɱ㡣
ûҵʯ֮ɢߣȻԭаֻϵ˲ֺû£ֻܻص֪ͳ졣
ô˵Ǳɱģʯüͷһ塣
ɢ˵㣬㣬ҲŹӵĶӳں飬ǰȥҵɢˡ
˴սһںӳУɢһɱһִͨȴǲһɱһԪĶӳ
һӶӳǰȥҵɢˣȻܣؼʱȴ˾綾£ֻĿŶԷܵ
ͳǰȥ֪ɢ˲ҪΪУ򽫻ȫͨа֮УҲԷ鳤˵
ɢ˴Ӧˣʯŵһ䣬ǹϵԼС飬ɢˣĿǰɲԼܶԸ˵ģʯܲĵģ
Ĭϰɣûзԣͳ˵ˣӦöȡᣬҪΪ˻ɱһʳͨǴû֮ء鳤˵
ǴӦΪβֱɱһʯü
ڼӳڶԸڷ̵ˣڲֶԸɢˣ˵Ƕޣս֪ͻж
ҪɱоԵİԼⶾɱ͵ɱѲûоԵİջɱɢˣͳǲֵġ
ƼˣһͶڷ̣ĴɱͽûգͳҲΪ˴ֿǵ֮١鳤ҡͷƺʯĵǡ
ǶΣ༸ôˣʯһ䡣
һ󣬵мͻƣҲǲǰʧԱֻӵٳ޷Ա
ҶʧˣֱҲ޷룬Ͼÿͻƿˣѡ䵽ǰġ忪ڵ
ѣ˭ѣʯü
ڵѣڷ֮˻ɱǴҲɱ˺üڷ̵ˣֻϧЩ˶ڰƽʱҵ⵽Щͷ۵˵
ô˵Ƕֻʣ˰Աʯɫ
ˣڻûг׻ָͳ˵ˣӻָòˣǾ׼ֻǻ֪ȥִ񡣡ɫ
ԭˣ˽һЩʯ˵ͷĳ䣬ֱ˼Ա׼˾ã˱
Űʱ֣ʯԻص˷䣬µӡ
Ȼڷ֮̽ã֪ʲôͷ˻ƴȥܸоսʤҲǲʤʯ˵
֨һ
ʯķű˿ͷԵ˽漴غ÷ţʯһ¡
ӣ㲻Ӧôˣʯƣ̫صӡ
ʯѣôôɵܻˣ˵꣬һ
ͳ֪ͨԾͻˡʯȻ
ɢ˶㣬ټʱڷƴ˵ʲôʱҪ㶼㲻㻹ܻ̾Ϣ
ͳ촫ţҲҪѹ۴ͨ𣿡ʯü
⵹Ҳǣ㲻ҲɣΪΪ˺ôΪ˷ŬֻгһսȴΣգҡͷԵ˵
ʵһյģֻͣڷ˵磬ɱɱһЩҪ뱣ֻܲʵˡʯҡͷ̾ϢһԴԼ̤һֺʱȹ
ҲǣˣʵƣʱģʵҲ֪֪Ҳû˵ƣֻϣѺڷ̻ܡ
̵ĺڷ̫ˣˣȻܽǼǲе̫ˣȥҪ忹ˣü
ӦֻڰǸˮ棬һۣӦòǵĶ֡ʯɫ
ؼ˼ҲΪڷɵӡƲƲ졣
ˣ
㲻£
£ʯɫ
˼Ƭ̣ڵҾúţˣҿϼ£ڷҲ޷ǵͳ첻ٹʱ䣬Ҿͳ׳ذɡ
ʯûж˵ʲôȻһֻ͵Ķ飬Ͼ˲һͬ㣬źܴĲ
֣Ҳ
аʤڷ̳ᱻģʯο
ðɣҲҸ˵˵ȻӴʱ䲻Ǻ֪ܳ㲻˵ˣȻȥˡ˵껰ƨ뿪˷䡣
һﷴҲҪһЩʱ䣬չһܷͻ׵ڣʯ˵껰ǽһЩҩȡ˳漴˫Ŀһգڤ
ʱ仺ţһºӱǳأһȬϢҲٴλָ۷壬ڼ½׵Ҳֵ顣
һգͳҵ壬һصķԸʲô
ǧסҪжҵǶӳں飬һжָӰţûзԪӣǻ⣬ڷ̵ʵƺЩ͹ˡͳ쿪ڵ
ǣȥ֪ͨԱ׼ݷںӳϣɫ
Ҳ̫ԱȬٳ˵һǰԱѾ뱸ˡ
½׵ˣֵǶģ˷СԱսѾˣĿǰ֮ʣҲ֮١ͳ쿪ڵ
ǣס˵껰˳漴ҵԱʯʱȴ΢΢һ㶣漴Ц⡣
ϲʯѣȻ˳׵ڣҶս֣˵꣬Ҳϲɫ׷׹ϲʯ


Ż Ͻ
ڶʮǰչأͻƵڣʯЦЦȻ׵˺ڣֻǳ˶ʮ죬һϢûȶġ
úúãһǶˣҲ۷塣ȺЦ
ǺǣȺ鳤ò˶ãҲҪͻƵԲ֮ˡʯ˹֡
Բ֮ɲǰ򵥵ģǸƿʵͻƣĳԹһΣʧܣˣȻʯѸոսףӳһʱȥִʯһϢȣΪԺ״ѡȺɫһ
ҲãǶлȺ鳤ˣʯɫ漴պȺһʯŻصмչء
ϵĵҩǲȱʯ̷ҩŻָϢִټжΣգʱ䣬һԪϾ֮ˣɹĽ
Ⱥɵϲ⣬æ̵ˣȹ̾İºͬʱԪϾ֮ͻƿ
һʱ䣬ȻȺѡأֻȻͬʱףȴȺЩΪˣ䲻òͳ졣
ͳ죬ͻƣʵѡȡǾȻֿͬ⡭Ⱥü
ֿͬѲǰ£ͳɻ
⵹ǣһ˫̥ã˵ױ֮˿Զ빵ͨӦһЩ飬˵֮ǰ˵ֿŴӦ˽Ⱥ鳤ڵ
˫̥ã֮ǰ˵ֿѲǴµļϽãöǵ˵£ǵȴᵽ˲ֿͳȻ
ԣϽãô죿Ⱥʵ
ǲֻаԱȫ˾ǣΪƫѡһͳʵ
ǰѾһս׵ˣڱչػָûüͳģֻѡһˣ涨߾ڻӣܲܲҪԱɣΪѵ
ŶǿɾЩѰˣͳҲЩΪĬã΢΢һЦҲգ֮ʡ
ǼȻԸֿܲ˲ȥ£˷ͱˣ˫̥ãһ֮ȫǶˣǺǣ
ʲôǡ
㲻Ը⣿
ԸԸ⣬лͳ죬ȥ֪ͨǣٺ٣һ̵˳ȥͳЦƬ̺ɫٴ
Ⱥ˼棬һ֮漴˾չػָϢȻϻ֮
ºϽһϲȹϢ׷׳أ弱æ˽˳׼ϻ
ڼŮޣҲûԾЩ˷׷ڶŮǰ֣ȴϽö࿴һۡ
ȻֻڣϬսҲܣ˴һɫȹŰ͹µĸģƤϸͬ֬һ㡣
˳ҲԷֱ棬һģһòǳڣɫͨ˿ɱȣһ˫̶ˮ峺˫ӣСˡ
·ˣ˵ĵһӡ
ףʯѣΪ˿죬һϢȹ̣ȻЩΪٶȥò˶ã¾ܴﵽ۷֮Щȵ˵
ʯϣһвٸҩɣٺ٣žţҵԼԴ˾ǲһԱ֮Уһ˵
ףʯţһˣڹɽΪŵʯϽ֮Уһ¶֮ɫһ˫ĿתĴʯ
һŮֻɨʯһۣǲٹע
ǺǣЩ󣬲ʯĳȴڵһְʯ΢΢һЦû̫עϽã漴תۿԶ
֪ΪΣŮ֮ȴⲻʯЩ˸֮һ˿įպñûпڵŮӲ׽üһ¡
ôǫ飡˵ŮʯԼɵƲƲ죬ЩСʧ䡣
Ҫ֪ϽãݶǳŮƽӽǶѣӽ˵仰ϽҲʯȻľͷԼ˵ȻʵŮ˵ġ
ɵʣŮûб¶κβ
˿Ͻʯڨ˶ԶŮ˵Է֮ɵöʼʯˣȻεúܺãüͷȴǲһ¡
ǺǣϽǼŮյüңǽó񣬲֪֣ˣôƺ˽յǰ˵Ůһ䡣
ҽöҽԳöŮ˵껰ǲˡ
ö֣ͤͤѩһ˱˵һǧ֮⣬û˵ڡ
Ǻǣˣպһ۵ӳأȶһºϻɣλϲѣҲǸոռ顣˸漴˵˵ͷʼ˺ϻ
ϽõȷǱѩ󣬱Ҫ죬ϵǡôһϲǲһ㡣
Ҳû̫˷ʱ䣬һº˽Ƕ˺ϻʮʮһˣ֮ϣǷֺ
ϻг֮ʱʱһ۾ۣżһΣʱǸԱչϢ
󲿷ʱ䣬鳤ǸˣһЩǣϲϽãҲϤ
ϽòޣȻƽԷֱ棬Ҳ˾飬ÿɫ̸ˣ϶ǽ
ߴߴż˵ЦŮӣȻöˣΪ˵Եʣöϲ̸ĶһЩ
һգԱȫ룬ϻгɣҲϤ֮ͳ֮ڸ鳤´
ĳſڼϣ鳤˿ʮԱ΢ЦˣҲϢôãνñһգҲóˡ
ε񣬾Ǹǵںӳ飬Ҫ˽ӶӳİţһͳԸ·ϼϺڷ̵ˣûоԵİգһϴǰóȻˡ
ףӦһȺЦЦһ֮£˶ݹһ𣬱ǷŽݷȥ
ʯѣǰǶޣǼ侫ͨȻʬĽⶾཻ֮˳ʱ䣬Ҳûֽҩ·ϣһ䡣
Ǻǣɺ϶ѡʯһ㲢ûк˵껨а顣
ʯ̫ǫˣȥͳ츴ʱҲڣ˵ΪӦѭ˻а˶ǻаƳĽҩ
ȻҲʯѻǹϣǲŽӹһ٣û뵽ĺΪ˱ɱʯѲ˵ȻҲŹҡͷ̾Ϣ
Ŷԭˣֻ˵ѱʯѶ˻ɱҲû˵ҩ飬ԭΪ׷ϵޣǺǡ΢΢һЦ
㻹˵ϴҪڿջǰ˵ɢɢ֪£ûŴͣģ´Ҷ֪ͱˣ˵꣬ʯ˫ĿһüͷһĿ˿ˣ


һʮ 
죬ˣԺҪˣԼ֪ͺãøʯѴ鷳ɫһ壬ǳһ䡣
Ǻǣû⣡˵˵ͷ
ʯ¶Ц˱죿ڻü㶼ѾˣԼ鷳ƶƲɢ˼ȻѾ֪ˣ²׷ŹԼ
ת˿ˣʯһĨ⣬漴촽΢һûд
Ƭ̺ɫһת׿ʯݹһᣬʯһ𣬴˰СǰʵһǺ۷塣
żЩСŤȴǼɵǣΪϵãһ棬ҲĶ֡
Ѿ׵˺ڣ˵û±ڿ㣬˵ʲôֵ塣
Ҳû취ԭеСĦʵڿջҲ֮߶䣬û뵽֪Ϊαɢ֪ˣӴˣʵҲ޺֮ĵģŴʵᡣ
ԭˣȻ֮ʱѾʹ˵£ϱûв͸ǽԷ֮£ǿԲ鵽µġʯ̾Ϣһûڹѯʡ
ʯ£ҪԸǿкڷ̣ɢȷأʯܲĵģ
һ·ϲʱļ䣬󣬱ǽ˽ݷΧڣӳںһ֪ӳڽһ˱Ե
ǵɢ֮ڽݱԵŷΧھۺϵĵطһʯ˽ġ
յĹ˽˸ĸۡĳҿջڣںӳȻϤλӳֻʯϽԼϲˣǵһμλӳ
СĶʮһˣվҲӵ֮϶һ꣬ںӳ
ԣһԲڣҲûдսףֻǴһɫۣݴʮꡣ
꣬ӵһ鳤Ʒɡ
ڶӳɫ˵
һΪζһˣɫƽһ䡣
ڶӳϽ֮޷ֿͳ˵֮ʣͽǷֵ˶顣ش
Ŷ֮˫̥һҲǿҵĸӦ鳤Ǽ񵽱ˡں΢΢һЦҲ֮ɫ
ѣɺá΢Цʵ˿Ϥ
ڶӳһһֱûʲô飬ֻռ鱨ûжֹڷҲܰȣû֡һ鳤ƷЦ
ڶӳ֪Ƕ鶼ʲô񣿡һ䡣
ʱֻǵһһмɣҪ֡ںӳڵ
ǣףɫӦһ
⼸λǣں鿴˿ʯˡ
ŶʯǰȥִǵһΣ漴˶ϻȣշزá
λϲսǶ飬ǼϽãҲǸոռġΪںܼ֮нһںӳ鳤
Ƭ̣ҲϤ
ϽãжţǼŮ֮ڣ֮£սҲһܵġںӳЦЦ
ǰޣö˸սײãս۷廹Щգսʵڲԡö΢Ц˵˵һ䡣
ǺǣǫˣںЦЦˣʯ˵ɱҲ̫ӵǰû顣
ȷвɱ̫ӵֻǷ֮ˣȷй֮Եʯɫһ
Ϊ㱻ɢ˻ɱˣԲδ飬˿һҪһˣϼһһѹ²㡣ںü
лǰʯɫ
ؿҵĶԱȻҪάһϼһʱ򲻰ƣҾԺҲҪСһЩ
Ⱥڷ̵鴦꣬һϵѣúûɢˣʵڲУҲֻܽаˡںЩص˵
ǰչ˶Աҵһֿڷ̣ǰķԸ񡣡ʯ֣صĵ˵ͷȻ״νӴоӳƷ㲻
ˣķֲ鳤鳤һ±ãص㣬Ѿ鳤֣ǻһ°ɣϢһᡣںӳڵ
ǣԾͷӦһ漴ʯ뿪˾ңɹԾɴ죬˿ջһȡ
λӳΪҰź˷䣬ֻǲϽöˣֻʮ䷿Ժȥһ䡣Ʒָָķ䡣
ؿˣǷֲִеģҺͽͬסһ䷿ˣö΢΢һЦ˵
öӹȻƽ⣬ҲѲ˼񣬽̫ǽһҹһҾȥٿһ䷿ϢоĲ𡣡ƷЦЦ
ǺǣҲãǽˣ룡˵꣬˵˵ͷʯǷ׷ѡһ侲ң漴Ϣ
֮£ʯٴоǱ伮ԽоⱾ伮ĲͬѰЩļأѾʯ֪ҽʥ䣬ûƽ֮
Ȼں֮£Щطʯҵƽ֮Щطֵ޷͸Ҳڵĸ
ŴͷĶ䣬Ӧǻаĳܵصõˣⶾ仹ǲ򵥣ʯ˫Ŀ΢е˵
ڶһ磬Ծ󣬷ֱʯ˰񣬵û̫ΣգÿԱ붼Զֱ˸طһЩ֮ˡ
ȻЩڷ̵ˣƺûпΣǴҡڵ¶棬ʱȥƹϰգʱȥĳջϼ졣
˫˭ûж֣һѣ˽֮£˱ϾӵϢʱ̽飬鳤Աſʮڷ̳Ա
ȻֻǱϿüģںڷ̵Ľƻ̶ȣ˿ɲû̹ԲûΪƶ֡
ںӳϢͳ죬Ǹ˼ӣҰ
һգʯĳƹڣӿģʱع۲žƹĽֵż¥ĺˣʯҲû̫⣬ֻ˵ƺǰɡ
֣ڷ̾ڸʲôҲûҲûΪôҡڵĳ֣Ѳ֪ǲҳ֣Сֹ
ʯҲЩƣ۲죬ڷ̵ͬͨһûмҲͻҪ˵ûзʯоɲ̫ʵ
ৡ
Ȼ䣬ʯɫһȡһöŷ鳤ٶ˻صջԵĶˣ׷׸оЩԾæ뿪ƹݣص˿ջ֮ڡ
ĳ侲ڣԱʮһˣȫ˷Уںӳɫأ˿ڵͳ촫ϢطѾڷչ˴ģɱҸȴ콫˸ۡĺڷ̳ԱС
ڱս𣿡ʯɫһа뵽ɫһĵͷӦһںӳɫɣ


һʮһ ڷ̵ʵ
ĳջڣϥȻо߰˵ǿϢܴ
һۣû˵׷һ뿪˿ջ
ĳƹڣͬһĻԾмӰ׷ᣬ˸ۡ˶ûж֡
һĹһʮˣ˸ڼԶĳȥͬʮӰ
ֻ׷ˣһɫսףɫȻԷԶû˿ż˼Ȼ׷š
Ҳ֪˶ãʮ˺ȻͣסΣΪǰӰнɫս׵Ĵڡ
Ȼһۣ侹ȻһԪڣŶʮˣû˿飬㽫˵ȥ·
б׼ҵȣǼûû֣֪ΪҪͻȻѣɫȺ֮Уһ߿ڵ
²ΪˣȻǷԪڣααװȻûж֣ڷа̣͵ɱںޱ˵
ͳ촫ţں϶֣ҲҪ˲ڣںȻûоܾɣԲżЩȥ֧Ԯڷ֮ˡ
а̣֪˭жа̣Ǹ£ǰգֻǻȨߣϷ˵аʣָζۣ߲Ϣպñ׷ϵʯ˷֣˲˫ĿһС
ãԷֻһԪֻʮˣжʮˣѹԷӿ˿ʯɿ˵
ںɫһ壺а˾Իڣҵʥϣ۵ģ
ŶϷƾʲôҪǷа̣ΪеȨΪ˶ڣΪҪðղΰĹӡ£
ڷ֪ʶ̻ˣԸΰҹѣȻЩ˹ӡ£תΰ񣬵ѵǰյȨ߷ʵ
һɺԣڷ̹ƻģɱ޹Իڣںһȡ
һɱ޹ҺڷԵ޹ʣնɱϰٽڣ֪ɱ޹ɱ޹Ϸֻһ仰һۼҺڷ֮ɱ޹߲ŭЦ
һ壬Ǳڷ壬һڶûʣ£ڷ֮Ϊаɱ޹գкνƱģ
˽ǺڷΪģ޲ƿŭֻ֧ڷ̣һЩ֮ʿԸɱڷ̶ͽںһɫ
ݣߣϷ˵ȥ£Ҳðڷɱ޹֪Ƿţ˵꣬˲ɫһ
Ϸ˵ðڷ̵ˣǻӣǷţΪۣðֻ֧ȨݺҺڷ̣һɱ޹
ȻЩڹƽգһЩߣΪǺڷ̱аֻ̣аȻԲֶͽܹƻĵĲǺڷ̣ǵʣ˵꣬˫Ŀ΢
ʯоЩͷ󣬷Ǻҹ飬Ѽ򵥵жϳԴݲ֪ͣܶ࣬ڷ̣ƺһСô򵥡
û磬ûʵֳԭֶΣ˵ҲǻŹʣССĽ֯
һ仰Ϊ˴֣ڷ̱аֶѪһЩֻںЧĿģ̵ǺҪˣϾѪ˵ˣԣƴˡ
ͷɿڳԣߣսĳѹʱһа̳ԱҲҪŹںһ£ʮλλ˰Χ
δ̫СǺڷ̵ˣ֣˵껰ʮ˷׷
ڶ࣬ټѵأ๥ϼĬ̼䣬ͽڷ̵˴·磬ʮֻм֮޻֮
һϢͷŶܹһʯ˵ݹⲻȣ׷˼
ϼһĶңںһ˽ǷԪڣʵ£̼䣬˱սţԶսһ
ء
ۼ˹ѲڣԼںսֵô¶һĨɫںһ˿͵Ĺơ
Ƭ̺󣬺͹УæԶߣǰȴŰΧȦĳһƣһݹһɢΧȦȱڡ
ߣٺ٣ûôףں¶ɱ⣬ݹһ𣬱ں׷ȥǰһ߼Ԧݹ⣬ʱسں¡
Ҳ֪˶ãһ·֮ͣ¶ݹ⣬ں鼸ģ֮£׷
ôˣںЦЦ֮ǽ䱸֮ɫûбǰɡ
ӣϣһ²Ҫܲźã߻δ䣬ֻغ¡¡һವһһ꣬ڵ漤䵲סں·
Ԫڣں˫Ŀһ֮ǰ;ЩΣµˣǸԼµףֻһֱûмѲɼǰһֱ͵Լ֣
ûˣµȷǰʵûɱģĻ˷Ҳȥһֻɱ⣬ΪԱֻܽɫľȻ˵
ϻˣսپɣҪ˿Цٺ٣˵ǽȫߣǻ©֮㣿ЦЦ
ȫ߿ºѣ˵Щڣ©֮ǿ϶ڵģһܹżʵˡ
ԯϹѽһҲȻ֧ţҲֲ̫õģֻʣˣӣȻһֱڲ׷ǳ̸Ц
ãԱںɫ΢䣬æ˿Զ漴ݹһ𣬱׼ԭ·أֻǺһЦǵסȥ·
ٺ٣Ƕ˵˰費ɣڹȥĶԱҲûмˣ˵֣꣬ں飬ǵ·磬˫ȭѵ֡
ͬһʱ䣬ԶԱ֪ΪΣȻΧԭʮˣҲӵʮˡ
ս漫伤ң·磬ҶԷȻԲĴڣۼԽԽܱƺֻʱ⡣
ϵˣһص˵
ںӳҲסˣϲԷ»зԪϹ֣ʱ㵽Զǵıӳ֡Ʒü
ʯ˿ܵȺĬһ˭˭ֶεƷȻЩʯں
µʯҲֻ취αסԼˣֲԼܣԼҲûôȥܣʱǳӢ۵ʱ
λҺûסǣϿֲúϻֻ֮Ҫ򿪰ΧȦȱڣǱܷͷͻΧܲӵóȥͿҵˣ鳤һ֮ĺһ䣬˲¶֮ɫ


һʮ ȫ濪ս
ĳһƬϿա
ʮʮ˰Χмʬ壬Ȼ˵ʬҲмߡ
һɫ԰ףдžɫƽѵأ۵ս伫ĬžԵʵǰȻԵֿ
˵زڶ࣬ңԪ򣬽ӳס޷Ԯ¶Ա
ս쳣ң˫Աڼ½Ѫɺӣ
ͬһĻڴݸţֻһ֧Ķ飬ǴھԵƣûкͶԷء
ƺǺڷͼıѾõļƻһ㣬ڼ䣬ͻȻ˴ģս
ݣ˸ۡԵĳƽԭϿգ
ƷɴŶʮԱǿĵֿ˹֮Ҫʩչϻڷ֮˴ϡ
ߣֺϻһΣͱʩչˣϷ򲻻ģһĸݵĺ
˵֮ƺһ죬ȻԲΪʮˣʯΧסԴԴϵķ͹
ҪѵأĬͱɾˣˣҲóֻʱ⡣
ڷ̾ȻʵԭƻøԷȦףȴԼڷ֮˹ȻթҲʵڶ˲˼飡ʯһߵֿܵĹһߺ˼
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ɫĹϼѶһ⣬صզ䵽ͷֵֿ
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ȥǰ취ѣֻƴһƴˣɫһ򷢸ɵ촽
Ʒɫһ˿ľƣȻĵ˵ͷһȳʵǿһЩ
˷һ鸺鸺ϻ֮ǶԱһҪ֣һһκϻ֮ܳɹǿپûлˡ
ѷģһȫϣҲһҪСģ̫࣬Ǽȫ֣Ҳ֪ܷǿסһֹ
ҪʧܣǺܿȫûҪɹֵһ֮Ȼ߾ȫֺϻ֮˭߲ˡɫһ˵
˵̸ʯУֹؼʱ̣Ҳȷû˸Ҵڽһл֣Իȫ
Ա׷׵ͷͬ⣬ԱʾҵĹţƷɴһԱֲó˷֡
˵Ҳһ֣̼䣬һӲӵĹ֣һԱֻ֧ɫƺƴ˼
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ֻԲεĹ֣ѾѹȵóΪԲΣʱ̵ı任״ƺһ̾ͽѶӡ
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˵Ⱥϻ̫֮񱩣ԪҲõֿǳΧҲԷͷȥ׷һҪɱɫ΢䣬æһ䣬θǿ˲ѡ
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ӳΧȦ֮󣬺һȣʮ׷ɫһɫõĽɫһͷ׷һ˶ȥ
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ţǺɫԳһģɵǰһģͷըѣѪȾ½ҽжûü
ܣ֮ǰ˵˫Ŀ𣬱ϾͬΪ˾ԼԷɱ˿ȴΣգܲĵͷأźɫԳȥ

Ʒ۾һ죬æɶݶȥ׼ɫԳ˰ģɫԳһȭͷ­бѿһѪ
ͬһʱ䣬һ˲סΪ˽ͬ飬Ҳ˾һźԽԽĺ룬γ˴ССüսš
ĵط߰˻սٵĵطеĵطΧһֻЩ˵սźǷɢսźѻԮˡ
ĳսţʯϽãˣ˾סʩչ﹦֮£ڰײһĿϼԶǼ½ţȻĳЩа˦֣ȴûһ˶ѣͬսס


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ӣȻ۷ΪٿǹһͬʱԸڵĺˣԵЩ
һӵǹɣ䲻ųһƻǰԷʵǲӵĶƺˡ
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ԭ֮ȴǳʯǸոջȭͷӰȻʯ־ӡ
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ǣȻûһ˷ԣʯϽãȻûеͷͬ⣬ҲһĬϡ
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䵽Ӷ֮ϣɫһףμٺˣЩһѪȻԵֿ﹥
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öԪָڶϼʯУ˲һ㶣ûͬġ
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ֻһգ۵Ĺ򣬶Է˱Ǽȥս½ֹһأҲЩֻ׷׽֪ųСĲ鿴ΧĺȻĳ

Ȼ䣬ڶԷʧƬ̣Ͻʩչڰ˽֣һȣ˹׷ױѶ
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ӳȥ˵Ҳ٣ͬ黥ӦõģʯЦЦ漴˿ϽˣһʵҲ򵥡
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Щʱʯ˶ݹһ𣬷ǵӣ˷ȥһṦ򣬱Ǵյԡ
ãȻǺֵܣһȻ֮ɫƷҲ¶οֻԷˣ¶Ϸ֮ɫ
ȻߣϹڲס鳤Ƚ˵ʱһݸߵĺ꣬һĳʯǰȻһԲĴڣһϢֲ


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źµݸһ΢ЦȻ˰Χȴû˿ɫԲʵкڵĲ࣬ɲһǰ㡣
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ӣԶ㣬Զ̸ͺãʯͷҲص˵һ䣬ʵԷһҲӲ㲻ûҪˡ
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ŶʵȻ˵ЦЦӵӣ漴ת׵벻Ͻֻڣ͸ֶԸԲ֮ˣҵȺա
Ƕ˵ƫˣ˷ҵȿʼֻǴǣˣˣû뵽ʯѾȻû˻ɱ˵ʯѣҵ֪ʶˡöЦ
һ·˵ЦЦƺ֮ǰĲ죬ص֮˼æصԷչϢΪ֮ǰʵ̫·Ҳûлָ
Ʒȴûлص䣬ֱҵͳ죬ѯһӳں顣
ڡ
ͳ쿴·Ķˣһ˿֮ɫڵͺãںӳˣѾͻˣڱչϢ
ͳ죬ֻЩЩ̫ΪˣǴͷȴǸߣ֮ͣǰôһϢûУɫ
ˣǷǻˣһٵģǸϿȥϢɣҲǳں⣬ֻǲ̫أһǣҪ˼ˡͳɫһ
⡭
ƷŭŬ죬ͳûпڣ漴ͷӦһ׷뿪˴ŶʧıӰͳĬá
Ƭ̺һӰſֶһľ֮ϣһʮӣһ£òʡ
ɽټˣͷҲ̨˵һ䡣
ܹܣӵĶӳˣ޷Ϸظ֮⣬˶ѾӵϷϢڸϻص;УѾмϻˡͳһ
꣬ǻʹһܹܣΪգרΪʰ£ܹʹڲҪ֪̫ӶûȨ
ǾͺãҴ˷ҲǴ⴫ʿͣҪڷſһЩһЩ֡
ǵģڷ̶ԸˣҪҵ¼ƲߣеǸǵľѡ˵Ż˦һöԪָ
ͳоâһڵ֮ǰͻȫ濪սأϷòԣȻնȻǱŻѵ㲻֪˷ʧ˶֣
˵꣬ͳһ˿ŭɫ
㻹˼˵Ҫʵǿֱӻڷ̱ǣαðյ֪ð˶ķգ
һ߹սһڹȻͻƷߣЩֻôɱɱ̸ıԣЩ˸νȻкڷ֮ˣμ㲻һ򾡣Ҳ伣տڵ
ΣΪν̸ֽʧϷ֣ѪᣬЩѪͰˣͲǰ֪һ׼֪ڷթͳʵ
թǱȻģ׼˭֪ڲûкڷ̵ļϸһ©߹սǻ˵ã˵Ѫûа
Ϊ˷ع鼸ˣǷԪʮˣѾȳбֻҪŵĶܻҽкڷ֮һ򾡣Ѫֵõġһ˵
Ǿ볯𣿡ͳ̾Ϣһ
ٺ˼ˣڷѾ˳Ժֿ԰ˣЩʱ£
ɱһЩаޣõ˷ĳƺţԼϿɵǰεȷ⣿ǧһʱⲻɣһʱɣҪᴫġ˵껰ȥ
ͬһʱ䣬ԭбסȻǱͻӪȣݵļսţڷ֮˽ǱΧס
Ȼȫˣ̵ȴʧأȻ˷ʧĻǺڷ̣ⳡͻıʣ˫˶ֲ
Ȼһٲֺڷ̵©֮˳ȥѾ˷ˣսͻȻ֣Ѫɱʤա
ʯ֪ĻҲû˼ȥʲôΣѻ̵ָŴ˷ջ
ǵǾ̷ֵҩһս˲䱩֪ⵤҩʲôãʯһöɫҩЩڴԲԪָҵġ


һʮ ջ뽱
ϸоһᣬʯɫҩˣֵҩһõţÿһڷ̳ԱԪָڣֻһš
̵һºڷ֮˵ıʯջСǷʮΨһʯõϵģ˫ѥ
ڲҩָȴ޼ҲǺܶ࣬Ҳٶ򣬲Ҫв뱦ֵܼǧ֮ࡣ
鿴һЩʯһЩ̫طӣ˵ϣûм¼ݵ
Ǽ¼ڷڵַƷҲһûС
ЩһﻹǽʯɫһƷһб֮󣬽ѥ˽ϡ
һѥɫһ䣬֮ǰʯŵͨЬɫһģһڽϵҲǽƶɡ
æ죬ʯ׼ϢƬ̣˼ϵ
Ƭ̣ʯûжԣ뿪˾ң㳡֮ϣԭһʮ񻹲ˣɼ˷ʧء
Ҫ֪һķѵԴʵСԪϾÿʲôҲԴԴϵԴ
Ÿֱ﹦ʧˣҼˣҲ֪ҪãָܻյĻԻ͡
ӳվǰվλ鳤Աں棬ǰͳվڶ棬ɫȻĿˡ
λ˷Χ˺ڷ̣Ȼûֽ串𣬵ҲΪңŽڷŽһټ𣬴˷ǱִѾϣ᷵ر߹أ߹ս
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лңǻĽǸõõģˣȡ걦ǸϿȥɣ󲿷ˣҲҪúõڼ˶һָʱִ񡣡ͳɫ
ৡ
ʮöԪֱָÿһλӳ鳤ԼԱǰʯԥץԼǰһöָ漴
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ȥʲôҲûʲôҪǣһòʲôú˾ˡƲƲ졣
ǣƳȥҲΣգȥתתҲһʱ˵ɣ˵ȥʲôﰲɫ
ʯüͷһ壬ƽʱԼҲﰲϾǾ԰ȫĵط̣ʯܾ÷Ų¡
Ҫǲܰ̾Ӫӣ˷һƬģǰϼһҲưոݡ
Ƭ̣ʯӳպмڣҾȻȥһˡ
ŶʯȻûʲôƣ˴ﵽ۷߰ȫһЩ忪ڵ
ˣһе㼱£Ҫ̹ʯûɣûԼһ
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ŶüͷðɣȻˣ˼ڣͺá
ĳȥѰһܷʺԼİͼڣӳҲһˣպȥݰ顣˺Ȼ˵
ף㲻˵ûʲôҪ㣬׼˵ôͻȻҪȥݣҿϽͬаɣЦ˵
ȿȣȻ˳·ȻҪͬˣĳȥݵȷЩ飬磡˰һۣЦЦ
ðɣǼ·СģʱŸҡЦЦ
ʯ˵˵ͷʯϽãһˣֱ뿪ͼɽ֮ȥ
ǸԻص䣬̵˻Ľżȼ˳ż£Ȼ˵Ǹࡣ

ոշɳͼɽ˶ݹһͣ
λʯĳҪȥݣ͸ˣʯ˹˹֡
ʯѱأǻصݰ飬ò˶þͻټöһЦޱĵ˵ͷֻǱ˱ȭûпڡ
أʯ˵껰ݹһ𣬱ǳݷȥһ·Ϸɶٶȵǲ죬һ߷ɶݣһ߲鿴Ż影ͼ빦
ͼһֻ󸣬ȥ׺ݣǲܣƺȾطǿһʱ仺ţʯŽۡΧڡ
ι̿ÿ춼ǰȥ
ߣֲȥĦͼڰˣΪôã
ʹˣܶ·Ҳ˲ٱϡ
ǣǿ˼ҶʼɰɣҸ㣬̳۵ķ뵤ҩƷʼѣԯõǿ˺ֹһ
ͬĵͽ׻̵ʹһЩͬļǮ˵ȥ˭ң
̣ԯõסĽŲˡһȺ·˽ƺ̳Ϊǿе̸ʣһĵĽζ
ʯȺ߹Щɵ΢΢һЦЩ˿еõĹ棬ҲǱϿɵĿڱ
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һ̣ʯΪҲв٣һЩڣҲ˺ܶˡ
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ʯûоκˣһط磬漴¥ҵϣѯһԼڵʱ̵ľӪ״
ʯǰߵһʱ䣬̿𰡣ЩഫҪڶЧáطЦ
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ݲ飬ԯƺҲ׼ɹͼˣһǵƽᵴȻ޴档ط˵
Ŷû취ǿƲˣǽһɣҲˡʯһ
һط׷ɻ
ǺǣٸǾ巽һ磬ͿʼִУʱٴˣСһôˣʯһϣһ䡣
СһﲻԪϾˣֻڿʼƸ߽׷ҩʧʿʼˣеɫȫǴĿˡط죬Լ׵ԼҲûﵽ̶ֳȡ
ݲǰн׷ҩһɹʶȻܸߣܸӯġ˼
޷ǰܼҰɣٺ٣ܱ԰ܼǿҪдһЩϣ鷳λʼжˡʯ˵껰ȡīֽ⣬д˼仰
ļǿط㶵ĿʯδдĶǴ֮ɫϸһ⣡


һʮ߻ 粨
ڶһ磬ۡ
һЩͷľϣĵǽϣֱС̯ϣ۵ĵطһŰֽɷдż仰
һЩĴգ߳ĸ̣һŰ²ɹĻƣһЩͨˣʵߵķҽ߽ף׷׹Щֽš
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ĳȺһһƾɵĻۣȺ֮УȻǽڰֽдɷ輸仰ɵ˫Ŀһѿڶ˳
ļǿ裡
ҩƷļǿ裡
ļǿ裡
ϱļǿףôûˣӦûֲųµİɣüͷһ塣
谡㻹ţҶǡ衯ˣߣһũųͷӵĿһţתȥ
ɽɻඣļǿ裬ϱļǿũ߶ţ첻ѡ
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ʲô㶼֪仰̫ˣˣ
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һ̧߳ɱʯͷǲöһ˰ɣұ˼ƷҲط翪ڵ
ȻþӪҲоЩס
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ȻԽ֮⣬ҪۺĲ֧ţԼ˹ղУȻض˵ɽ˲鷳
ڲʯȡ˼öԪָϡ
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󣬸ոսݷΧڣʯȻٴνӵ鳤ţʯݣЩһѪ
ٷȥҪ
ʯżСһ㶣漴ЩɻȻȥ鳤ʯɲƻء
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̶ܳȣֻӬɲȥְ֮ˣŷԪڣ
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ǺǣϷڷһºձ΢΢һЦɫƽ˵һ䡣
ʲôڷ̣£׻ɫ΢䣬˸ɫأƾҪ֡
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ܹܣ˼æشкʲôˣھǳУǶоȨĴڣڳȨپɵһЩӡ
ǰܹܰɣɱϷףϷܻԴԼǳͻȻңϷ޺΢΢һЦƺûнշ
ʲôвң©֮㣬ǺڷӲдջû˵꣬Ȼɫһһ֮£ȡһöŷ
ֻŷϼöͬʱƺǳͬһ֮֡
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ǺǣܲѪȵȡƽڷһټ𣬴˼ƲߵҲȻܹһֽͽϵעɢΪɾ衣
ѲɵǺڷ˺öԸܱΧ֪Ǳ˴˵յмƲ߰ˡ
ڸҶң򱻻٣ĳңҲָոϻȥģϴʣձЦе˵
ʲô˵ǹΧǣһˣΪڷȫߣر߹أ֮ʣûռ
ôܣǺڷ̾жˣڻռĳǵΪﵽĿٽͽΪа̣Ѫȣһ˵꣬ȴߵĳЦ֮


һʮ˻ 
ݣʳΧĴǳ֮һǣ
ſرأʯԶϴŸп֮⡣
˷ǵڶνǣǵõһʱΪ˲μᣬڼҲͦĻǿ˵ǳأǽڣĵĻʳǡ
ſڣϸһŽʯ˽ȥʯȷʵЩ֣оʵļϸƺһ㡣
УʯûܵķΪоһĪѹ֣ʱؿһӶ׻ڳѲţҼƵ
Ľһ̣ʯһ¥˰ͼڣֵǣֻ˹ĦûԼĻ𱬡
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ɻĿ˿ʯڵǰСûи߽ͼڣҲͼڣҪӡ⣬ֻȡãڱ𴦣ҾͲ̫ˡ
ŶˣҸǣЩ죬֪ĺһ㣿ʯɻʵ
㲻֪ƶһСǰжңһ˻ɱϮȻҡڵܵˡ
˶ˣôСĸʯʵоⲻеһ
֪죬Īгһˣԭͨ·סͨջƹģϰһ
еڴй䣬ȻϺ£ٴζһȻдҡڵӳ˳ǣ̫࣬סټ·Ҳ̫ͻȻˣٵ̣óĻ̡̻ҡͷԵ˵
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ʯķľͼڣмδ깤Ļᣬһ깤ģƷһ㣬ȷʵǽϹŵĺá
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ǣӡѵģԸġ
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ˣǸɽ֩ͼڵУ嵥ҳ汾ǻû깤Ѿˣþûµĵҳˣһֱʮͼ̾Ϣ
ɽ֩룿ʯһֻҪͼڣ˹гɣԲһսҲ·磬бǻȵڴ
ѽˣɽ֩ͼڱûˣƺȻҡͷ
㲻ӡİ汾𣿡ʯŵʵɱԼջϲһɽ֩ĵǣͨѾˣ˵ɽ֩˿סڡ
ͼڲǳͼڴʦ֣֮ʽ򣬸û˷ȥӡƲƲ졣
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Ͳ˵ˣСֻһЩͼڣ̴ȫһЩȻҴ̻ҲС
˽Գͼڵ̣˼УҲͱûջٵˣ˽Գͼڣ̶ҪȹرգҲаүε
УһҪҵɽ֩ͼڣʯɫصæ뿪˴˼̣ϣڻ廤֮ǰҵɽ֩ͼڡ
ɽ֩ͼڣǼҲɷϣҪʧźãҪһ̣ʯм׻䲻ҡͷ̾Ϣһ˿̣һ˹ȥ


һʮŻ 
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ʯ˫ĿһУȻΪιͼ֮£ȴǸϺط磬ͼڣҪڹˡ
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ϴһսֻ֮ʣ²ˣžʮң֪ΪΣֻʣʮˣԴʧԱҲǾڲᣬżݼٸϻҲ֪ʲô

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̫ˣȻͼЩƲ깤Ҳܹ۳ǻˣǰұ㶢ͼڣڵȵͷˡЦ
ٺ٣Ϸ꣬ÿֻȼͼڻû깤ҲһҪȣһ¥һЦ
Ǻǣʱҵ˵ȻʲôǳɹҲһЩλ㣡˵ŻǴʯ¥
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ֻɽ֩ͼʦѾûнµĵҳͼˣ빺򣬿Ҫϻڵ
Ŷҿɷȥһͼʦ¶໨һЩҲԡʯڵ
ԣɫ΢䣬΢ĵϷ벻ɣȻҵͼʦй涼֪ҪǣҲϵͼʦ˵ġ
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ǺǣٳһݺˮߵͼڣѾˡ΢Ц
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ĳԪͬʱһֻ£ΪԪһʱŭ⣬ǽ˻Ҵ˺ụ̈˽˻ɱÿζϵƽ֮
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ûã׻ǴӳŴæأĳҾƹݵڣһ꣬һ֮ɫŰС˵˼仰һĵ˵ͷ


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ҪûţҲ͸ˣ˵һĽڹɽ̣ʱƴһΣ֣Ҳذܡ
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ױƹƹȡа裡һ˶Ȼϵóʯݡ
裬ʯ˵ͷûж˵ʲô漴صԼס
ºϷ̣ʯһ֮󣬱չ飬ʯҲһЩûط磬һЩС黹Ҫʯ
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費Խûƹ񣬰Լġһɫ
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лϰ壬ȥһ¡ת뿪ʯЦЦչطȻأ˳Ľ׵
ʦط繧Ǽϲû뵽һ죬ҸôͻȻԼΪڣԺٴһЩ飬ɾͺðˡ
̿ҵӦ֪ÿһĲ԰ɣʯʵ
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һṦʯһһöŷ·УһЦЦ漴ᡣ
ʯѣİǳȥתתɣʱš
ڻУûչˣô˺ô·ʯЦ
ͱôˣҲǲ֪ҵԸһطסԺֻҪʱ䣬̿˰ɣü˵
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ٶʮŻ ɢ
ʯ߳ݵѸЩ֮ɫ
ǰǣʯûлشԷסԼȥ·ŨŨɱ⣬Ȼǵзѣ䲻תһԪϹУʵ벻ʲôð취ӵ
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ӣãɢ۽һⶥӣǷԪҲӲӣû뵽ʯȻ붼˲ѡ

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״ʯ¶ϲɫһֻ̣֦ϼһһööɫߵٴθֶ¶ҩԣȻȫѹȥ
Ƭ̺ʯ˫Ŀ
ôڶӳһ䣬ʯҡͷ漴룬󻺻ջҡͷ̾Ϣѡ
һЧҲûУͳüһĶͷһâ۵һûʯڡ
Ƭ̺ʯоǵ˿ҴܣâһĿϼڹ֮УԼ俴һſѼĺɫ
ɫӦþǶˣҳԿܷͳ˵껰ʯоھ˿һ֮£ǾסһЩɫ
ţǾ˿Ȼ̼ޱȣⰵͳüͷһ壬һ֮£˿ʯڼҪɻͳڣ䲻ɫ΢䡣
ã
ͳ쵥һ㣬ɫ˿۵һȼһʧ
˶̫Ե޷ҾȻȾ˵ҷҪǲСջȻҲȾ˶ͳüһ˵
øɢˣȻն̫·Ҳ̫ˣںӳɫ
û취ħϷͻû׷Ԫ֮ʣѾǷԪϹˣǴеķԪڴڡ
㶾͹ƾħһĹͨͨڱ㲻Ķ֣϶ǷԪԲ٣Ҳɱͳ̾Ϣ
ͳ죬ΪڣҲĶ֣ںü
ϷֻǺΪħǺ۷壬ʱ̤Բ֮ˣϷĶ֣Ҫ϶Ϸǰܷ˵֮¡ͳЦ
Ǽλӳͳ죬ѵɢˣںɫ
̫СħˣҪǰ׶ԸܻڣʵǿǴһޡ
ʵϣԿѹħһöҵ˭ָҽӽȫԴݶӡ
ҪƴҲԻȫжħĪ⣬¶ֶα仯ˣ˷ʤЩֱȥ֪ԼʱеĶ
Ҫ֪ħĶڴʹ֮ܽ⣬ϴʯܽҽʬѾֽˣ㻻ϷҲҪܽͳ̾Ϣ
ֲͳһٷԸҪȥħںӳɵ֮ɫ
ҪܶԸˣ֮Ҳֻȥ棬ֱӳ֣ͳ̾Ϣһǲϧκδۣء
⡭ں۽һ˳˼
ʯŶ˵ۣҲ˴ţɢˣһǲĴڣֲõڷ֮ЩɵǰŵԼʦš
ѵҵģҪڴ˽ˣʯüг޷飬˭ܰԼ
ֻһµʱ䣬ҵ취ʱϴƵҩͳǼڹȻҲΪԼȥƴһ㣬ʯҲ൱ܹ⡣
ϳԼûκܹΪԼƴʯ˫Ŀһ뵽
ͳ죬ڶӳлλǰ⣬Ȼ˶޷λǰҲǿֻʣһʱ䣬ȥߣ뵽һЩ취ʯɫ
⡭ðɣҲûģҲ취ģ˵࣬ƽ֮ġͳ쿪ڵ
ǣʯȻóǰοĻ漴뿪
ȥﰡ㻰أʱöһӢ꣬һ龫ֵı顣
ǰҡ
н㣬ǰöɫһ塣
ףԪϾûжӳ׼ǲ뿪Ԫ𣿡ʯȻ֣Ӣ꾹ȻһԪڣöסϷŪ
ЦЦû׼뿪뿪Ԫתӳ٣׼ȥµġ
㣬ȥؼ飬ҴţһȥһˡӢЩߵ˵
ѽһȥòãȻİ㲻͵ܳİɣöЦ˵
ûУ뾲ԪӳˣҪһߣӢͷЩɻӡ
öɱˣʵڿȥ˵˵һ䡣
ðɣСܵ·СŶ㲻뿪ġöЦЦ漴ʯǰ
ô˺þãҲǳĸպͶ˶ö΢΢һЦ
ת׿˿꣬·Сģʲô鲻ҪŸҲҪŸ֪𣿡
֪ˣӢ˵꣬תȥ
鳤ôСĸ˵úһŵġöһЦ
㲻֪ԪϾ֮Բԭģ֪ΪΣЩԪϾӸãͻӵŴţȥ¡
ֲܲ׼ЩԪϾһ뿪Щ˾ĪʧˣҲ֪⵽˭Ķ֡
ĹΰԼŷŷ㣬崫ٻعԴ뿪ھһֱûлº󲻾õ˷ΰʬ壬ŷ䲻ǰҲ飬ҲŶ䡣鳤ڵ
Ѳ˱һɱԻɱЩСöü
ǾͲˡ鳤ҡҡͷ
ŷʧ٣ڽݵԵһΣ˵ȥ£ܿصеģ鳤˵Щ˴¡ʯɫŷ壬ְԼ
ʲôʱɫһ
ǰˣڹɽս֮ʱȷԪϾʯɫ
Ŷ࣬Ǹʱ뿪ģºҲûʲôͷˣϾֻԪϾͷ
ѽǱˣҲʶʯѵĶ׽ûУöһ䣬üĬĬ̾Ϣһ
Ǻǣʱûͳ취Ҳ׼ܲҵƽ֮ʯипȴһ΢Ц˵ö˿̾Ϣ


ʮһ ʴ
˫Ե
ɫ԰׵ʯһ缤ڷȥоâ˸ϴɻ֮ɫ
֮ǰԼȥ̿һۣ¡Ȼһ۱ǿԼо綾һһڷ̷ԪޣһԪʦΪԼ飬Ȼ¡ԼİΣ
ҲҪѣҪΪǲ߻׬ȡԲҵʯ˼
ܿϧԪڣȻԼжȴǺƽ֮ħţǷ׷ҡͷѡ
ֻʣ·Ԫڵ棬Ҫûа취ʯпɾûʲôˣļٵĸ·߰ڻصڡ
ʯֱҵ棬֮ڣãҡͷ̾Ϣһ
˶Ϸ޲ߣ̾Ϣһʯһֻʣ°ʱ䣬õȥҽҩ
ͷˣȻˣȵ𴦿˵Żʯݹһ뿪ڣʦϣҲûмһ档
ʱ䣬ʯ˹Ż壬Ψһһ˿ϣˣֻʣʼտ͸ˣҪҲûа취ǿ´˷Ӵ˽ˡ
ɱ˵㲻ڣ
һ·ϴҴææĸϵУƿ֮ʯ΢΢һ㶣ûпȴǿһۣɫӡ
һϢۺ񣬾ǷԪڣֻƤԺڣֻƸǷһĹ⣬䶾ƺ俴һۣʯ׹Ѱĸо
ǣʯվſڣɫɻʵ
ףƺ˶ȿģʦ֣ûͷ
Ŷԭǰȷһ涾ֻѻ⡣ʯµ߽ԷһۿԼжҲǲ
ǷԪڣȻƺʦ֣˵ҲǷԪڣʵͻɹ£ֻһֱȷˡ
ʦҲẦԼԼо綾ʵӲ˼ɣԼܣҲӲϹġ
ʦֵʲôˣһ䣬漴˰֣ʾʯ档
Ŷʯʲôˣһҽ˶ʯڵûй׹ϵ
ҽǺǣ涾Ϊҽܿã꽫ִʯϣ漴üͷһ塣
֪ҽƺͨҽ򵥣֮ǰһЩ˿û취ֻʣ°ҵɻҽˣҪãҲֻܱĿˡʯɬһЦ
ٺ٣ֶأ˭ҪΪͿԼҲȾ϶ԣûƣȻԴ磬Щ˼һȤ˵
ǰа취ʯɫһ
Ǻǣ취Уұ֤һܹⶾһʧܣҲᶪСҵİ취Զɹʵǲ͡һȻ֮ɫ
ԸⳢԡʯɫ
ԸⳢԣ֪ǷԸ֣귴ʵⲻʯ΢΢һ㶣оǰ󷴲󣬲˵Լ֢״ǼУ˽ֶԡ
ǰҪβ֣ܳʯʵ
Ǻǣ벻СҲ˾տĶޣлᵽȥҽⶾҲѣԺʦֻֻҪҵķԸ¶ɣ΢Ц
¶ҲǶޣʯæ죬ȴûᡣ
ǲкιϵʱӦ룬ܱסԼͷȴ£𣿡Цһ
㲻ʦܣѧҽģôжʦܣʯĳﲻ㣬ǣ˵Żʯתߡ
ȻˣαҪߣֳʯһץһεϯʯȻһԭή֦ҡ֦Ҷ׷۶ϣʯʹ˫ֱͷһʹȡ
㾹ȻڵĶԿңʯһȫ亹ʪһޣʵ˿ħ
ʴ֮㻹浱ѵסң˵ңҾⶾĻ뿪ҲֶңҲܽ⡣
㵽ʲôˣʯûΪղһ£ʯڶԼӾ˼֣Լ¶ֲ
˾ͲҪˣ˻ܱסСóһŷۺɫҩ漴׸ʯڵʦֳֵʱֻҪһڵľ룬˵鼴ɡ
ʲôҩҲһʯɫһ
ģһҩ˵Ҫ뺦㣬ͱɣҲ֣Ҳûл·סһҪһɷΧڲС֣ص
Ȼо綾ⲻһαڲʯü
˭˵˵ܾȻ㣬ˣԼú룬ʦ֣ҲΪ˽ⶾܸⶾҰ£һĵЦ
㻹ȽŶĽҩңҲܰİ£ҿɵĶѵһ̣ҲͬʱСġʯ˫ĿһС
ٺ٣㵹ϧҾϲˣţ굥һӸʯһֻɫƿ
Һ鶾ֻ֮Ҫ̷ãͻᰲȻ΢Ц
ãѾо綾Ҳڶһ֣㷢ǽҩʯصĵ˵ͷ漴µĻصλϡ
ҷģǽҩԸٺ٣˶ģҲ⣬лĻᣬҪúȡһ£ʦֶһзҲ̫ӽ
֮󣬾ȫˣȻԼСҲ߬ԼһЦķźڹƣ漴ߵľԣʯ˾롣
ʱ仺ţޱʯļ٣ת֮£ȴû̫õİ취ӿ϶Ӳ˿ЩոԼⶾ
˲ΪΪ˻ֻˣԲʯɫһݺݵĵ˵ͷûۣȴ΢΢
һṦ˻ʯ΢΢һ㶣Ҫ˵漴˫ĿȻһС
㣿վſڣɫһ˵
Ǻǣʦܣʵ벻ʦ־ȻܶСطҪҲøҩ̣óһһѯʣ֮ҲҲʦֵģ΢΢һЦ
㾹ȻҵЩ꣬һֱûз˫Ŀ΢УЩɻĿʯһۡ
Ǻǣʦֻ֣Ҫ㽫ʦｻңҷԶΣɫ
ߣ㣿ʦլʺҽΪȣΪȴϰ֮νʦｻ㣿ȥˣŭ
ʦͿˣҽҲΪ˱ֻ꣬ǽҽԸĶҲΪ˱ʵһַҽ붾ԭһģ޶ҽҽֺĶ꿪ڵ
ôûлشתʯһ䣬ʯ˵ִϡ
֪ʦլʺСһƺ˶ұ֤Ҹɵģʦֽ˽˶Թ֮ǰȰ߰ɣҪҵʦָ֪ʦһⲻȥġ
˵꣬üʯȥоâһʯ


ʮ ѡ
ʯоâתڵħµĶֶ֪ƽ֮
ߵʯ˿Щڴֿ˿ʯ󣬺Ȼͣ½ŲʯҾ롣
һԶ֪ʯƬ̺üԺ⣬Ӧһں϶ҩ
ҪоֶԣҪʱϳѵȵǰ㳤ʱᷢü
ûпʯȻһ˿ʧţʯȻվΣȥ˫Ŀһ
û취ʱѹƶԣʯڡ
Ҫϸоһ¡ü˿ʯ
ֻܱĿˣʯʧʵ
⡭ʱûа취̾Ϣһ
һ
Ȼ䣬ʯȥоâһϺ֮ɫģһʧʹࡣ
ʵû뵽ҲʦһȻԳ֣ңһʯǰεɶصһײߵľϣһѪ
ߣûõĶ¶첻ãûʯһۣһӴϢɢƶ֡
žһ졣
һŷۺɫͷŶʯѸɢ̼䣬ǽʯУʯͷһγһ޷ת
ʲô㾹ȻֶԸңˣɫޱĳʯһģصһ죬ʯ壬ķɵԶ
Ҫ걻ۺɫӰ죬һ
ţʯ꼸ͬʱȡһֻɫƿѸٷ£ʯŸҺȵƿҺ壬̷һ֮ɫĵҩ
ҪңߣҵĶ޷ƽ⣬ʯжޣֻܰﵽˣʯƴһ䡣
㣬αˣܶ㣬ϷˣҪȥʯֻʯһϢ˲䱩Ȼֱ׷ԲϢ
׸ҪͿͷߣʯоһϢȣһǴӺ˳ȥһԥҧҧǰŶߡ
껺վΣɫޱüͷ΢Ŀ˿ʯɻȻһָÿ죬ǵҩϢƺǺڷ̵ġ
ĪǴǺڷ̵ˣˣȥ׷ʦ˵ҽʥ䣬һҪõ˵껰һǰŷɶݶȥ
ͬһʱ䣬ʯоڣ֮ƺһֿ״̬Լһ·
̷˺ڷǺɫҩԵʣȻ֪ʲôãΪ˱ʯҲֻӲͷƤ̵ˡ
ʵ֤ԼȻָģԼҪһЩһŹԼԼ֮£˿¸ӳġ
ʯоƺòһϢȣҲǰ˲٣ֻһʱңǽˡ
ʱʯоָʵ䲻ӿ٣̷ȥʱ֮о֧
ֹʱʯǿĻص̣ʱǸоһ㣬ݽߣ֮Ȼһɶ
ʯоԼΪͨˣһҲ޷ã֮ȻȷǿᣬָûС
ţôˣھڣһżӣطǼת
޷̷һŵҩӦǸ̫󣬻ָһ¾ͺˣǲõģȳȥɣʯ˵
طŬŬ죬ҧ뿪˾ң
Ҳ֪ˣϣһҪû£ȻĻʯҪӹ˽٣ȻΪ㱨𣡡ʯм߬ȭͷûС
Ҳ֪˶ãʯظоͷԻѣ֪˯˹ȥʯһɲǣоϢ
һ˯֮ãڼÿǰʯϢްû취ʲôȻ˳ûдʲôȴļ
һ죬ʯԪ΢΢һâһ֮£һֻߵĽëСֶʯ֪ڴϣɫСһ£ǲ֪ʱĽ飡
ۣ֨֨
ͷĽ˼漴ʯʯһ㷴ӦûУͷڴͷ㶷
ڶ죬ʯȻûκηӦСĴҴܣʱ죬ʯȱȻһתʯĴǰ
Ƕʯ԰׵ɫһᣬݺݵĵ˵ͷҧһֻǰצɫѪҺ齫ǰצʯߡ
ţεɫѪҺ˳ʯǣУС鿴һᣬ漴˿ԼǰצĽ˼󻹴˼۵ӣȻʯŬŬ졣
âһ֮£ָĴָСܵʯߣĵȺڼΣֻ֮΢΢һ㶣ҲûжܣϾǰʯһֻĴָġ
ʯתѣԼȻܶȴЩӲһ֮ڣ֮ûлָ٣֦ÿήһҪĴ֦Ҷݻơ
ԭо綾ټǷۺɫ󻹷˺ڷǺɫҩǺǣѩϼ˪ûҲ漣ˣʯɬЦЦ
ۣ֨֨
ʱСȻʯǰԼСצӣһί֮ɫһĻǺϤ˻ԲѣιѪҺڳͰ͵ӡ
ҲƷѪҺˣʯʵ
֨֨ۡ
С֣صĵ˵ͷ漴˴ǰצڳһ۵ӣ˰ı飬ʯǺһЦ
СһˣʲôʱģԺ㲻ˣԼȥˡʯɬ˵
֨֨ۡ
СȻҡҡͷһԲߵӣʯҪ˵ϵ˱˽һͬеģȻ棬Լط磡
ˣ̫ˣ֪ͨ˴ϣû뵽涼ˣһ˵
֪о綾֮ǰѾعˣֻϷҲ޲ߣ˳㽫Ӵ˻Ҳʦɣ̾Ϣһ
ʲôʦжˣǵ˵طһǡ
ж֮ǰ˵õҩĸ𣿾ʲôȻҲ޷ƽ⣿ɫ΢˵
ǺǣҲõģһοڻ߰ʱ䣬˵漣ġʯǿһ˿Цݡ
ʦҪʲôҩơ
ʦЩβķҲᣬҲ԰ʦƣ
Ȧһ죬ûʯʦж˵Ľ죿طŬŬ죬һ̾ϢϿ˿ӣļ
ʵûа취ϷֻȥħˣֻҲĶֵ֣ҩɫص˵ǳĬ߰ʱ䣬ܲҵõԷ˵֮¡


ʮ 
ʯһᣬ뿪ȥɢˣҪչʦҲʯߣǺúȥ
˳Ľ׵Ԫ;ڣҾһҲ˲٣ʯ䲻֪ΰŵģЧǺġ
뿪֮ʯϥڤ룬Ҳʲôô鵤ʯоҲûʲôЧ
ʴ֮ۺɫɫҩټ֮ǰ̫ܵأнѪҺⶾԣѾˡʯҡͷЦ
߰ʱ䣬ֹܼȥ㣬㵽ʯԶ⣬૵ȻûЧʯҲͲν
ʴ֮ôʯɫһ֮ǰһֱڽϾȻ˴¡
ʯʾ֭ƴĻֶԵ֣ŰʯȻ˫Ŀһ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ˣĶ䣡ʯæóڻаϵõĶ䣬ƾģ䷭ֻǴҴһƳû̫⡣
Ƭ̺ʯҵ˼ʴ֮һҳصĿɲһֶǺֶܶںһγɵֶԡ
ʴ֮кüִ䷽Щʯ˵ЩδҰļأʯо˶ԣԼеĶԼȫǺϡ
̫ˣʦܣҪ˵ֶƣһ䲻ãҲû˵ҩƣֻж޶Դ˶Ϊ˽⡣
ʯʵҪǸһʱ䣬оҩԼµȲˣʯæһҳ
дú˶ɫζͨʹã˷ʤ͹öֱԷڡ
ȱǶԸ֮ͬʱ˶ЧΪͬ׵Ļ⣬ħ޷ƳԼħͷǰֻǰˣ׾ٵľԼо綾
ʯһϲɫ¿Ȼƽ֮Ȼʲôҩɵһֶõķʽ뻨а࣬Զ
ƺƽ˶ֶλ٣ʯ˰죬ԼܹʵֵģһûС
һ¶ߣȥ˷ֱӱʯųһһԪȫʯڶתƣʯų
ַǰ˼Զİ취һֶмֶң֪ǷõĻԼ״ǿ϶첻ˡ
ʯϸؿ˿صķԼҪһЩ߶࣬𶾵䣬óҽʥ䷭
ʯ뷨ܼ򵥣Ҫҽⶾ;Զ붾֮ΪһʧܣԼٸصĶԡ
ֻʱȥҲûпֱԴ˶İ취ȴмֽԵİ취Ŷ֢ҩ
ְֻ취̫ķʱ䣬˵Ĳ࣬ʯȲ𣬾ùĶϵķʯұ֤һü
ˣһѣʯҽʥ䣬漴ҵط磬ԸˣһЩԼҪо綾֮
ͬһʱ䣬¡̣ҲյʯĴţͬݣչһЩ綾֮Ȼ׺ãʯڣ¡Ҳûе飬æԸ
̲ɹƷԶԶǿö࣬ϾɲɹĲһܵһһ̲ɹʱ仺ţתۼ䣬͹ȥһ졣
һʱ䣬ϵ˿ͣĴߣһҪŸˣеѸ߼ۣϵ̣͵̣Ϊʱʵܹȥ
̶ʱ䣬󲿷ֲϴ룬ֻǷȱֲϣʼҵطǵת
ֹһ죬ȻչһЩϣǷȱֲϣֻҵ֣ǷȱֲϣһʱƬҵ
ʱ䲻ˣЩҩȻԾãֻʣʱ䣬Ҫȥݿˣ϶ط˵
ҲãϷģｻұãط֣ص
ʯѿڣϷĶҿɶˣٺ٣˴æΪˡʱ¡Ȼһ΢Ц˶¥
㣿ѣطȻʶ¡ϤһЩϾڴݵ̣˽Ӵ˺ܳһʱ䡣
ǺǣʯѽϷĶҶˣҹӦƽϾ綾֮á¡ص
Ҳ֪ʦж飿طЩȣҲü
Ǻǣ֪ˣֻ֣ﲻæССһѣϷԹ۵ģ¡ЦЦ
Ҵл¡ˣ룡֣صĵ˵ͷڽ¡ˣһֱн䱸֮ġ
һͬʯڷ䣬ֻʯվڴߣŴȺ˽֮΢΢ЦЦ
¡ˣʯһơ
㴫żҿ˽Զ˺ڷ̵֣ô㵽ЩϵģȻ㼱æ͹ˡ¡óһöԪָֽʯ
ЩãǺķֳ۳ɣҪл¡ˡʯͷ
ʯʱ˽ϷΪˣȻǾѣѣϷӵģޣҲֻܰСæڷãͲҪˡ¡΢Ц
ʦֲϼѰҪǽ¡ѣǿ춼Ҳطɫ
ʯɫһ¡ԼǷһ鰡ѾǷˣԼóҲѶʱڴϡ
Ȼ˵ʯĳҲ飬Ƿһ飬лᣬʯĳһʯɫóҲǷˡ
ãǾͲʯˣʲô飬ܴŸϷ򣬸ǣ¡˵껰ˬתȥ
ţȫĻ࣬һô죿ѯʵ
ֻʣʱ䣬һȴֽҩһԼʯɫ
ֻǣ塭ϵĵ
ĵʦˣʦָϡطü
ȻˣԸƽҩߣȥ£ʯ˵껰¶ҵ
ʦϣһ㲵˵ȦЩףȻЩһֱڵʯطѾԼʦܣȻҪʺʲôˡ
ʦͽˣöָ棬װһЩϣжĵԼƷȫ㡣˵ŻʯóöԪָԼһöʯ
ʦ˼ǣƽⶾҩĵҩңµʦӦæҡͷ˵л¶֮⡣
ʦ˿㣬㲻˵ӣӦ̹Ȼԣ¸һ㣬ĻᵽˣЩε˵Ī˵һ㣬ʱҲ
㲻õģ͵֦ͨͺã츳ѣʦɹģҪ˷ʱ䣬Ͽ֮ʲôģҡʯһɵ˵Ⱦ䲻֣صĵ˵ͷе֮ʧ


ʮĻ ø
ʱ仺ţСպ˵ЩϸڲĵطѯʯҲϸ
һΣһʱǹȥֲʱ򣬰ʯ֮ǰ˵Ҳֻʣĳ
һֱʱȻûлҲϵʯͬʱΪһѺ
ʯڹ۲һ죬յúܺãƺЩţһǾʦĵҩǲ֡
ʯڶڣʱʱľѯһҲ󽵵˳ɹʣһʱҪȻѯϸڣȴһֱʧܡ
ʯü㲵ӰЩ
ΪʦɣŵҩʵһܷȵңãҲ޷ҪѹΪʦȻȥˡʯ˵껰뿪˵׼ҪԼӡ
Ȼʯڣ޷ӣʯһֱҲûʲôãʯǰһǼ
ʦİɣһʧģ˿ʦıӰ֣صĵ˵ͷرʯţȴû˫ĿһգĲϡ

һһĹȥʯ˵ƺûʲô飬ط˵ֶĸоһָоƺʱ̫죬ܲͣڴ˿̣
һգʯվûУֻڴϣɫ԰ףȴ͸¶ֿݻƣѸɿݣ֦ǿݻƼ
طһֱڴߣʯ뿪ȻߣΪ֪һߣܾܿҲԼʦˡ
С龹ҲȦ΢죬ʯĴߣǼתżȥµһۣż¥Ͽʯ
ţģһɹģ˵ϾͺˣϿڵ
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һϵɫһϲ棬¶ڴ֮ɫ
ɫҡҡͷ˲һ֪˴𰸡
Щ죬ҶûҵϹ֪ȥ̾Ϣ
޷ˣǱ޷ǿ󡣡ʯǿһЦ¶֮ɫֻڴϣʵûж
ʦʦ
ʱ˽ţֻСͨ죬¥¼ҴҵܽڴڴŴ
ôϼæһ䣬Щɻ֮ɫ
ʦ㣬ʦĽⶾ𣿡ץֱҡ
ɣˣʦȥ˵Ż۵СȭͷһбǶһöĵҩһɴ̱ǵ˷䡣
⣬ǽⶾôǶü
棬˵һԶİ취ʱֻ̣ܳһˡϿڵ
ѽʦ۾ˣѵҩңطһǿҩ˵ľʯ漴ƣʯؿڣʯҩ̽˸С
ãҲʲôӦʯȻ˫Ŀգƺڳ˯һ㣬˲Щǵɴ۾ʯԼĵҩʦ
ʦ㣬ⵤҩûŪɣط翴˿
ǰʦƵġü
ȲõģܽⶾҲôģɣҶȳȥȵ˰֣ȫ뿪˷䡣
ʱ仺ţʱ˿ɲٸоʱ̫죬Ǹоʱֻ̫ǵȴһ϶ѣȴ·ȥһ꣬
ڶ죬ʯ䣬ʯû浹ûʲôӦЩ
졭
졭
ʮʯȻûһ£棬ҲЩסˣϸϸļһʯһϢȣƺ˯һ㣬Ѳ
ֺ֣״ƺԼ˲٣ô״̬ƺڴڤ룬ڳ˯Щ
Ҫǽ͵¶һŨһЩ˻һЩϿڵ
ҲãҪı̬Ҫ֤ԭⲻĽŲ¶Ȼرսƣκ˽ȥš֣ص
ǣϵ˵ͷطСĶС˳ƴڵʯϣҲûᣬ֪ʯߵСһ
¶ʯһأķԸȥһΣҪ򿪶ʯţ˵ȴ˰£ʯҲû
ˣ״̬󣬺ðɣڴ˵ȴ£ǻûзӦҲҪˣ̾Ϣ
Ҳã治صģϴŸϡϵ˵ͷ
󣬵¶ڣ
ʯһʯϣɫָȣһϢȴƺڴֻһ֪ʯΪתѡ
Ȼ䣬ʯһâ˸ɫĹϼһɫ⣬漴ǷۺɫϼţΪһƬ֮ɫĹĻ
󣬺Ȼһ㵭֮ɫȻѹʯܣȫΪ˵ɫʯڡ
ʱ仺ţɫڣһӴۺƣɢ֮ã󻺻ʧ
ͬһʱ䣬ԭһʯȻ˫ۣʵʰľâ֮
ţüͷһ壬ЩɻĿ˿ܻȻΣϳã֮ɫ
ƺ̵ĵôѵⶾˣûʯ˵ŻʶͶӰһֶ롣
һ̣ʯˣ
粻֪ʱȻΪǧ֮ޣӿȵʱ캣ˣۺޱȡ
֦Ǵﵽ֮ߣɢεĹϼӨĿﻹаݻ֮⣿
ٿɫԭηƺһȦһȦͬɫĹɣڣȴ˿ϷǶһƺһ壬Ҳ޷ַֿĴڣ紦һ϶Լɫˮ齻֮ơ
ǵûʲô̫ı仯ֻǹϼǰһЩѭٶȼ죬ϼǰʢ
ʯȭоȵǰֹһ֮ﵽһֲ۷̬֮
ǣԲˣôܣʯЩɻ󲻽оԼֻ˯һѣôԽϡͿĽ׵Բ
Ҫǽףȴ˴ı仯ȴҲ̫ܣʯɻأоȻϢЩȣ֮⣬پû˿ʡ
ħû뵽ʧܣ˷Ҳнⶾø״Բ֮꣬Ҳһ仰ʴ֮ʯ˫Ŀ΢е˵
Ƭ̺ı飬ƺǺܼɵλʦܣӦòĶ֣˼һ飬Լ׵ԭ򣬵ûͷ
ҲգȻŪ׾Ͳ˷Դˣ㣬ȸϽָһ˵˵Żʯ̷˼鵤һ˵ıĿ


ʮ ֮
ºʯȹһԲϢҲָ۷״̬
ĳ侲ڣʯ棬ϣط磬ԼУֻʯţ˽վھڡ
˷øȻ˴Բ֮ϲɺأοҪʯΪ˵ʯأ뿪˴˵ء
˷ܹҼһСҪҵģʯһ֣صĿˣڳļˣΪԼΪԼһݻᡣ
ʦˣææչʦ΢Ц
ǫСӣʦǼ춼չˣ˭۾ţϹһЦ
ʵǽ¡ɰ˲æҪʱϵҴֲϣҲû취ġطͷ
˵ͷҪ˵ǶѾͷû뵽֮ߣСС;Ȼ츳ϧھȻ䵽󡣡
Сһ죬æֵʦĹͣҪûʦϤָԼóЩľĵãдĸ󵤷Լ⹩ӻûнʦӦõġ
ˣǫˣЩΪҶðΣȥħѩ̿Ȼûõҩǣ߽ܹġ
ʯ̾Ϣһڷ̼߽ףֻҪ棬ðȥħ۳ɰܣֻƾ뵨ȻҪΪ˾ʯȥġ
ϷûʲôҩҲûõŽ״ԲӦûصףһʱڱչأʵϷҲڱչһҵ˹ؼʱ̣ͳˡ΢Ц
Ҳã˳ſϣطȻҲһɿɡʯ΢Ц
Ҳáϵ˵ͷȻ̺ܿģĻʼսɵɼҵġ
˷Ƕ٣Ҳ֤Ϊʦûǣ˺ֻܰĶͺá
ҲˣĶ˵ΪʦҪʲôҪƵģʱɲҪҶʯһ֣֮ɫ
ʦģһŬģһʦСһһصӣôҹһЦ
ط磬ΪҲҪ£ҪҲһʲôʱǸϾ֮ʱ裬Ǹӣ԰ʡʯ˿ط硣
ʦѵǣһú裬ͷİɣѾӯˣҲڣ̹ƶûˡطһ
㲻ڿɲУڰ軹ﲻйܵĵزˣȻˣҶȥæɣȻƵ˹ؼ֮ʱǾչһƺ֮һߡʯɫ
Ҳãò˼죬ʱͺãϷȥչˣת뿪ϵҲ׷ȥ
Ƭ̣ʯȡĶ䣬ɫ΢еĿ˿
˲ظֶȴҽϣЩһʢ䣬Ҳ֪аʲôطõģ
ʯ˼ҪҵǴܵأʯ뿴ܲҵŴͷּķɾǱǴܵأ϶Ǻܻܾǰˡ
£ʯоⲿʥ䣬ʱ仺ţֱ֮ҲδأʯҲż
һգʯоһֱܶʱ򣬺Ȼü
ף
ʯɫһһ֮£һöУ֮ʯ˫Ŀһɫ
Ǵϴţ˵еɽɵӷͻϵ֮£ȻɽɴϹŻԪˡ
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ŷʢ䣬ʯæҵط磬ڵط磬˶ʱúộҪǰϻȥܵˡ
żϲʵ
ʦɽɹŻԪˣҪϻȥȴ棬غһϻɡʯЩż˵
Ǻã·Сġ˵ˣȻܹʯڵ顣
к֮ʯǼҴҵ뿪̣ݹһڷȥżҲǼ졣
պһƬϿգʯһ˼δ¡
ȻɴС򵥴˵ӳͻ˫ϵͳһԷͻҲ⳥һˡ
ɽȻҲ磬ϴʢЩҪһЩڹɽ̣ɽɻġ
ϴˣʵڴڵʱ⳥һЩ񣬵˼һһ⣡
˼䣬ʯоһӴԼһɨʯȻӴȴǷǳϤϻһ˿⣬ģһ˿־塣
ħôܣϤҵ·Լ̬˷չضӦö֪ģʯЩˡ
ھ¡ҲԲ֪Լ֪Լڣڲ͸ܣȻϹһֱڼԼ
Ҳ̫ܣʯûԴ̶ֳȣԼһȻħһֱӣɱԼԷҲԲ˷Ѿ
ɵأʯʩչ˻ƶݷһƬɫһʯˢһ£ǳԶߡ
һԶݵľ룬֮ʱҪǿö࣬ʯոʧĵطݹһħӰֶ
˿Զʯħüһ˿Ȼ֮ɫȻûϵʯĶپȻﵽ֮졣
ٺ٣ˣҲӲϷģħһͷһģƣ漴һ磬ţħʧ
ʯʩչλƶݷֻҪʩչһΣȻľԴﵽڱԵȻЩΣգʯҲ׼ƴһΡ
ʱʯȻͫһֻǰһƬɫŸֶţһɢȻ¶ħӰ
ֻħɫЩ΢ףȻĲСӣԭħҲ׷ʯҪһʱ䣬ħȻʹ
ȻļִۣΪ˿׷Լһ÷ԪΪѵħѾԼ޵ز
ҸʯɲǣħԼЩŹ֣ƺڿһˣڿһԼ䣬ħоһ˿ϲ
ǰΪ˶Ըһʼƴǰ֪жģʯ˵Ż⣬׼ֵӣҲǳ䱸֮ɫȴмɻ


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ƺûʯʻħ޼ɵʯɨӣл֮ɫԽԽʢһ˿ϲ
ѵ˸ܣ˵ҽջڣʯٴһ飬ͬʱҲħʲô⣬Ϊ˻ɱԼȻƴʩչ
̫ˣڽⶾˣħһ˷ܵ˵
ϣϣʯЩˡ
޹أֻ֪Ƿƽֶԣϴʬƽ⣬Ϸɻѡ
Ѱʶһ䣬Ȼһֻ֪֪һźɫⶾ
ȻϣϵĶһƽ⣬Ѱ˰쵽ģнⶾ֤϶Ȼи߼ʢ䡣
ҲϷϴ¼Ʋߣ¶ٷߣ˶ʱոˣħ˵껰ʯʱͫһ
ǹߣʯһϴξ;ЩŹ֡
ߣǷ㣬ΪӵóϷģ¶ֻԣ㱳ⶾĸ˭ȻнⶾǳϷϡ
˿ⶾʢ䣬ӦϣΪϷΪǷϧ׷ɱǣֻǺƽϷĶҩˡħ˵
ʯһû뵽ħĻ˿£ԭһʼһȦףĿΪ˶ʢ䣬ǻϰϹֱ˷ʤ
ȻǺüƲߣǰҪʧˣϲûʲôʢ䣬ҽʥ䵹һ綾Ҳǿҽʥƽġʯɫ
ƭϷҿһֱмһһģ̴չһЩȻƶԶ
Ҳ鿴չв嵥ֽⶾ֮ϷҲ벻Ȼⶾʢ䣬һ֮
Ҿҽʥ䣬ϷŹҪ֪ҽһңҽĶҽʥ䣬ҲһЩԭģֻϧϴŵһǶʢ䣡ħ˫Ŀȵ˵
ʯһħۣⷬЩƣͻĳƿҲҪҽġ
ֻżȻõⶾ֮ڹŻ飬Ҳˣ˽ڵĽⶾ֮ʯü
˵ǸǱޣڴ󻰣˵ƽϷ¾綾ֱڳԣҪΪϵܣȥһˡ
ҲҪϷ򣬵ȻҽסʹѰʶȻ֪ⶾ֮õģߣ˵Żħǰһġ
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һֻɫ۶Сһ󣬶ͬһʱ䣬кХ֮һһɫɽһתǳ˰գ漴źɫһѹȥ
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ǰɫɽ忴󣬵һӴɫƣǰ߽֮ðһʧ
ʯƤһֻǰһâ˸һɫ۶ʮɴС漴źɫһ˶ȥ
ʯȺʩչͨط֮£ǿֿסħһⲻʯ
ħһɣһ֮£оâһͷϱĿâһֻʮ֮ޣлߵ󸣬ͻȻ˰ա
ţһգʯȥ
ʯ׼˸Ӧ֮ߣһĶͷϼ˸֮䣬һͷ߰ɴСİɫͻֶ
ХһһХķţɫͻһ˶ȥ̼˴һ𣬵ܿ죬ɫͻ·硣
߽ͼڣȻͼڣֲܵסϷģߣħЩ̧֣ңңһ㡣
۵һ
ֻâţһɫâƺҺճɫͻ׺ޱȣһӴ̹ϼȫ̼仯Ϊʧ
ޣǣǺģʯ۽һգ鼱֮ºȭӰǴϣȴϬţ纣㣬˿Ҳ֡
ʯһĶͷйϼһһֱʮɴС淭Ļ۶ԼһֻĴ˫ᣬ󸱬ȥ
ףǸ߼ǣӦõĻԵطټֻͼڣֻϧ̫ͣͨԪֵܵһٺ١ħ˵ֳ꣬һĶȥ
һ
һɫھ¶ţײһ𣬱֮ķ
ţʯǼǻۿɼٶȣ߽ӸԵֿĹ
ħʵȻǿᣬ߽ǶĶ֣ʯһ˵
ǺǣȻϷûȫأһˣͱϷˣ㾹ȻֵܼڣĽˣϷûȤˣҿļץȥõʢģٺ١ħкɫһ
ţһŭȻ̹ϼȫһȥ¡¡һ졣
ڶʯһ֮УӰȻ޴棬ţſ޿ڣʯһ˶ȥ
ħ֪߳ܣȻɽſ۸СߣȻ䣬һ϶ıţһɫݹһµߣԶ
档
һŭɫһģкХһһɫɽ۶һת֮»Ϊʮ֮ޣ漴ѹ󸡣
ȫһط׷ױѶֲನܿȥɫϼڰ˸ѡ
ϹߣȻ˺ڣоԼҵĶ֣ɲҪŭϷ򣬷ħüͷһ壬Щ˵
Լ۷Ϊ㲻öҲ׻ܣɱ죡
ԣ۽һ¶ɵ֮ɫȻħǰֻǺ󱲣ʵһĴڡ
ħϷǺ棬ô׷ŲţȻ׷ɽſڣֻΪ˸ǵӱѲ㲻µüȻ붯֣׼ʯԷ
ٺ٣ϷĻԵǶʢֵƴһƴҪʯʢ䣬ϷῼǸһ·ġħ΢Ц
ʢ䣿ɻĿ˿ʯ
棬еõһƬףؼֵպƽϾ綾ķħһʼɱҺǼ٣Ҫʢ档ʯɫ
ԭˣ˫ĿһУ¶˼֮ɫ
Сӣ㿼Ǻˣ䣬ɱסҪȻɱϷĺһ£ǧҵҲҪһ
˵ɽϼ壬һֱǻģٺ٣ħһʯһҪǹȫֵĻǲ䶯֡
ߣаʤҪвҵȣʯΪţϷ񱣻㣬ӻţħһ˲ҿɽŵģֵȻ̬ǿӲһ죬ɢһĶȥ


ʮ߻ 
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ʯһ漴ݹһԶڷȥʱʯȻʲôӢۣԪڶսԼﲻæ
ߣߣɢɫһһĶͷһʯȥţɢǵֿĹ
Хһ𣬸շɳԶʯɫ΢䣬ͷϿպȻһֻɫ׳Ӱòޱȣ޿һţʯһҧȥ
ʯ붼һ֣һƳְգţֻǰһһɫɽһŰսɫ׳ȥ
صһ
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ϹҪһˣʧȥӶܺڴݵĽҴߡʯ뵽Űɫɽңңһ㡣
ʱոײɶƵĽɫ׳棬ȻӰ˼֣ȻƲĳʯ漴Ǳһɫɽײϡ
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̶Ƭ̼䣬ʯƶݷʩչϣһУ֮󣬽ɫ׳ʯһˣ৵һȻʯһ
ͬһʱ䣬Զ߻һʯӰӽɽſڣħɫһæι£֮󣬼æʯ׷ȥ
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ʯûнӽڣһ߹һṦ֮âһһӲӵĹһ
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Өָٶޱȣ̼׷ʯâһһɫӨָײϣȻһ죬ǼƱӦѶ
׹һʢţ˱ǼʯȻֳһɫƣָײ֮һǰɲѡ
ʯɫײϣܿƶƼСٵʯһƺߣɫһ˽ƹ֮ڡ
ħһ֮󣬳˽ƹָŭɫһһӣһڻɫɽְգ漴Žɫһնȥ
صһ죬ֻɫ΢΢һȻһСİݣŽâһǰȻ
Ȼܿطֻǿʱƣħʵڿֲһ֮ƵһŵĻɽ󷨣
ĿʯԼߣħ¶ŭ֮ɫԼ䣬һɺ֮ɫ
Ȼ㲻ҳҾͽ棬ǰɱߣħŭһʯһתԶ档
ôţħô׷ˣҪҪȥ棿ʱԪɽſڣһǵĿ档
ϵҲǳ֣ʯûд֮˼ʯȻ׵˴Բ֮Щˡ
أǳȥҲ·һҰﲻæģʯ˵ֻ꣬ε˵ͷɫŵĶŽƹ֮⡣
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Уֱ﹦ϼصײһһĿűѶɽǰռ𶯣һڵֶ
ʱɫ΢ۼħһһ֮ӲħһȭӰ
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Ԫü漴΢΢һЦЦܣƾ㣿˵Ȼǩ״ܣҲܸ棬ŹҲһ԰Ԭš
ߣԬһȻûдӦҲûзԣȻĬˡ
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ʧˣĳĺúõģΪһЩֻϧûдﵽԲ֮ʱԶǸϣԪԡ


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Ԫɫһ䣬ƾҪ֣ԬһԪǰʯһָڵźţϾѾвˣ


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ҵ̫ӵ¶ɱˣԬ۽һΰһɫü漴˿ǿӡ
ǿΪߣֻԲѣĻȴǷأǿڣҲϾ˭Ҳ֪ǿ̬ȡ
Ǻǣʯѣű֣ŴڲⲿɵΧסţһ£žͲˡ
ȻַţлݣǲӦ˰ǰƽУϾ˼Ҷ򵽼ſˣְǿӹһЦ
̫ӵ¿ˣԼӦˣɱаʵ֮Уǲ֮սЩˣʯһ
ŶҲãȻʯ˵Ҳ£սپҪɢˣǿ˵꣬ʯһƣ˱˦ֲܣԪȥ
һͷϷ֣Ǳ޻·Ȼָ̫ӵ¸ߣȻǽϣҪڣǽȥ
˵껰ԬűȥһǿӵıӰɵһ֮ɫ
ԼԪ۷壬ΰֻڣ˼֣ζù죿˼ҵĵ̣һ󷨾ö˴粽У̻ôʯжպ
һߣħɫ԰ײѣͷżζ伫Ĭ£һж̺ˣֽ֮ɢ
ʵԼµĺӮǼЩشħ˿סԬˣٿ˿Լľ棬ħ״ʵţЩ˶ʯϣʯֻһˣ˾Ȼȫӣ
Ǻǣĳܾȣû뵽ʯң˷ţ֪ʯѿɻ⣿Ԫڣ˿оսңǿӿ˿ʯ΢΢һЦ˵һԼ֣ҲζʯòԼˣ


ʮ 
Բ룬ʯĳȻˣħ˲ʯĳ󻼵ģҲ뿪ţʯɫ
ǺǣĿģħɣ˻ᣬɽɣϼҲһͬˣһڱϾΪɣѹһ壡ǿһ
ʯüҡͷѻˣ˷ʵΣʯĳֻԱĿģ˷Ҫлǿѵġ
ǺǣʯѿˣΪҪȻȫģϲʯѽԲ֮ºĶϻ֮Уʯѿ϶ˡǿЦЦ
ŶҲȥϻȣʯʵ
ŶЩҪæ̽յʵûղˣĽһڣҿûֻඣǿҡͷһЦ
ǺǣݵĴڻʹҪֱӿڲǸãȥɶƴʯɬҡҡͷ
ɲͬЩ鲻Բ룬ôȤģֻʵŻ᲻ǿġǿЦЦ
ɣ˷ǿǰڴСסգҲñʾһʯЦЦ
Ǻǣ⵹أĳֻʯѣڵģ˷æ޷ˣʯĲɳڣе⻹һǿһ¶Цݡ
ŶǿĲ֮ߣʯĳһϣоһ¡ʯɫ
ãɽɾٵգʯѾԵΣǿʵ
ɽɾȻ黳Ϊ֮ȴκУƺЩף²ǳͬһ֮֡ʯ֣ص
ʲôʯѿóǲ֪ΪӦԣǿһϲЩ˵ʵ
ʯ˼Ƭ̣Ȼ뵽ڵϾһ仰漴޸ģ˳
ɽɾ˼ǻƻ裡ʯ΢΢һЦ
˼ǻƻ裿ǿһ㶣漴ﷴ߶仰˫Ŀһ
ʵ̫ˣǾԶ˼ǻƻ裬оɫ֮黳¶仰ϸϸƷζһζԭˣԭˣǿӹЦ˫ĿŹ
ˣһ˵ѡʯɬһЦ
һ˵˾䣬ʯҪǿ˼ҵ޷ˣʯĲɣֲ˵вˣ˵ˣǿһЦ
ˢһ¡
ʱſӰһӰֶ棬ӳӮ
ص˰֣Ӯһϣ˶档
Σǿɫ
̫ӵ£ͷħԱһž۶ǣʧˣˡ
ȻϷ򱬣ҵȾΧˣ䡮ӣ̫ӵˡӮһ˵
ʲôӣӵСڵϣ˽ڴΣգǿ˿ûںֻн
⵹ûУֱ׷ȥԶѾӵ֮ˣӳԫȥġӮɫ
ԫӦòĶϴ˽ħĶһɱڣͨħӣȫаԺһȥʣǿɫ
ǣҵžȥ죬ҪҪ¼˱̫ӵ£Ӯ
ͲˣҵĻҲϾ͵ˣȥ°ɡǿ˰֣ӮӦһ漴뿪˴͡
ʯЩãȻĿ˿ǿʵǿѣȻԶϱ屻٣λӵˣ븽ʲô˼
ԣǿһ㶣漴ЦЦʯѣֻڷԪϹϣģĳʹŸ㽲¡
˷Ԫ֮󣬼屻٣Ȼߣ˵Щ˻ᡣ
Щ˻ߣѡһߺԼ壬ϣ˳֮ΪһͿԿָΪˡ
ѲɱĸԸƣʯɻ
ȻᣬԪϹ֣һҲԱԪϾ֮˿ֲö࣬ʱҲϹһǿ
ԷԪϹֻѡԼʵ͵ˣռ壬뷴ԪϹֱֻӽĻɣ֮Ϊ̻ꡯ
һĻɣȫڱ˵ˣ˵̻˺󣬶һкܶƣʱһɹġǿڵ
壬̻ꣿʯ߶żİĴʻ㡣
˵ԪϹǺɱʯʵ
ҪȻԪϹһٳƴɱΪѻɱԷķɶٶȣԶҵɶٶҪ죬ܷ̫żߡ
ȻЩʵܴķԪϹ֣ǿɱԪģʵǿķԪ㱻ΧʱҲɱͱħġ
ʯҲصģҵһߺʵ壬ɲһ׵飬ܻ壬Ҹ˵ʱƵġ
һ޶ʱҲʵ壬û취عôƻͽعݻٽ𣬳׻ɢ
ЩʱһЩԪϹ鼱֮£ֻһЩ彫һ£ΪԷΪ̻ͣ긽ɹԽߡ
ǻָΪҴΪں̻긽ƴҲ޾ȥ̻긽ĳûԹˡ
ȻǱ壬˭ðȥ̻긽ѡͽףҲܿʧܶɻ𣬾ɹ츳Ҳۿˡǿ͵
ԭˣʯ˵ͷԪʵ£һЩϵҲʵֲȻܴ漣
һṦصһϡ
棬Ԭ峤ôˣʯһ䡣
ǺǣĳϲȻȫھǴĳˡǿ΢Ц
ҡͷЦλʧˣĳǿɱԬţȻشΰǱˡ
ŶΰȻӣǿЩɻ󣬰ն˵ʵӣҲӦԬߵģû뵽Ľ
ҲգǲΪˣֻҪڰݣĵûʲôʯЦЦǿ˫ĿһУ΢Цĵ˵ͷ

ͬһʱ䣬һ꣬һȺڣ뿪ڣʯڴˣϳˣǷ
һһȺߴżӰںӳ䲻Զһź۵꣬һѿĬȺ뿪
Ⱥ֮һĸݣ۵ձߣһۣܿ˿΢Цĵ˵ͷ󣬸мɫӰȺ뿪
ȥ֮ڴԪԴӣֱɱɽɵӣֱӹ˶Էɽţϼΰ֮ززˣ


ʮ ׼
һº󣬴һ£ڸС壬ɢ޿дķз
ݴɽɣϼֹڣʧβ峤ǿӳһԬȴǲ
ǿ֮£ɽɱռݵе̣˳µıڽգϼ̲ڹɽĵ̣Ҳһ˻
һٶ˿ʵۺ첻ѣȴûȥڣҲȥɽɵ̣Ͼ˼ĶԹ
ɽΪɣ£첢δͬ⡣
ҲûиϾɱǽɽɳϵӷ²ԸµԸŵֱӷߣȻ뿪ҲǺܶࡣ
һգڡԪڣ
ʯ棬ԼԪгϽڳһϲЦտ֮ɫ
ǼڹɽɽɵĵмɽһЩŵĵѾĹˣΪ˵һԪϹЦ
ϵ˵ͷ漴ɻ棬Ҽлɵΰλֽߣ
ԣɻĿ˿죬ʯɫһ¶˼֮ɫ
ЦЦǺǣڵ󣬵Ͻ࣬㽫ϼҲûôȥչ˴Ľɽ̡
һڶռķ̣ؽۺ죬һ׸ֻռɽɵ̾ͺá
ȻʱǺܹȲչΪӪϵ֮ʱоϼ壬һ԰Ǳĵ̲ռ
ð취ΰһ벻մմϲһʵΪǿص̣ǶڵġԪЦ
ڹɽԭַɷչܿ죬Խжһ֮УǷҪѹһϾһԽ࣬ǵõĺôԽ١γʵ
أֻǹǼܴһЩڲǺܿյģڲҪκͻȹȻоġ
ֻҪǲƣ£˸׹ڣǾдϢ̫֮ӵ٣ǻɱɢˣһЩ˲ΪСɫ
Ԫüڣɽɵĵ̣Ҳչ˲ʵڲǿռڹɽ̣ѾǼˡ
ִµӷֱֿһЩͨӣȥɽɵ̣һԶǽڴµĵ˿أʱɳѲӡ˵
ҲáԪͷ
ʵҲԽһЩ½׵ĳϣһϳһ𣬷ֱפɽڹɽϣ岻֮һЩҲڷšʯڵ
ó뿪ţȥ𴦵һأԪüַʽû˭ʹù
ҲãȻûùַʽǿԳһͬлֲһǳȥפأ֮ˣûдԼͺãֻһҪѡεˡ쿪ڵ
ãͰһ¡Ԫϵͷ
ֻϧ˷ħߣʱȥûʲô£һָ㱨ġ濴˿ʯ
Ҳû취ûϵħʵֲ˶ΧҲûгɱɣʣĸ¾Ҫϻ֮ˣʱҾɱչءʯɫ
Ҳãڳȥħϻ֮˶ӣȥˣҲҵ㣬ʱ˵ŻԵ㹻ԵõԪ׷Ԫ
ʱħĻɾ㹻Ա֮ˣֱնɱҲ˵ģЦЦ
Ǻǣ׷Ԫʵڲϣʱտһ̣ӣžͽˣȥչءʯ˵껰칰˹֣뿪Ԫ

ʯûлصիһ£ڼó׼߼ֽʯֻ֮óʮŸ߼պùֽķá
ʯó׼˴ҩ棬ΪԪʵ޷˷ҩҪҪһķá
ͷͬ⣬Ԫ˹ҩʯͬҩĻһ㣬Ÿҩⲻڶ೤۲ѡ
ºʯó˼ʮֻƿװŸֵҩʮԪٿ鵤֦ǲҩ̫ͨĵûУһɵ洢Եֵһ󻹶ļֵ
ֻҪ׻Բ֮ˣͿԵõ֦һЩʲԪϾԲӣͿԵõһв˳ƿԪϾЩ˴붼ǰյĵӣԭʾͺܺá
ڵ㹻½ţҩҲϿͿԵõ߽ͣԽԽ࣬һЩɢҲĽԸڡ
ʯ뿪󣬽һЩ߼ָ߼ҩװһöԪָڣһ͵̣һɱۣ̺׬һʣ䵤ҩƷ֣ҲǴԽԽ
һգʯصիڵ¶ڣСѧʯһԣС˵ģһζ֮ɫС۾תЩεĿʯ
ҸЩҩô࣬Ҷϡҩ㾹ȻҲ͵ԣھȻεҡʯ˷ۡ
֨֨ۡ
Сͷһ˵ʯСҪûҽڣҵôҩ⵹ʯЩ
ðɣ֮ǰһʹ㻹͵ôƷҩأԺҵҩƷҩʯ΢Ц
С˵ͷ漴âһԼ䣬Ȼ¶һ˿еĿֲϢ⵹ʯЩɲ
֣Сһϣһֱоʲô޷жϳΪʵǰЩչֹһԪϾʵ֪ʲôˣ⾿ʲô̥˿͸ʯСһȴû
֮ǰڵڣʯ˴Ķʥ䣬ҽʥ䣬Ƴ溱ĵҩƳʮŻҽͻͽ
ֻϧǬҩޣʯҩӣԼȡȴȴ컯¶ҲǺܿ졣
һʯûдʱЩҩƺʮ궼Գ죬Ҳġ
ʯһ˼ó影ĸ߼ʼϾϿϻ֮У֮ǰʯҪһʵģҪһ´ƪͨҲҪһһ
ͬһʱ䣬ɢޣԼһЩС壬׷׿ʼ׼ĿȻǽϻȣЩļ֮ˣĵ˶ϻȵȺһʱȥ
ϼĳ侲ڣ峤ΰһ֮ϣǰվżˣڣΰһ֮ɫƺıżʲô顣


ʮ߻ ۶ϻ
һºԫΧڣ
һƬĻԭ֮ϣһߴʯϵԾĴ֡ϻȣ
ʯ֮һƬһ޼ʵɽȣȿڸɫƣɣҲڵ֪޷ų̫Զ
ϻ֮⣬ʯԶ
˾ۼ˵أ󲿷ԪϾڣʣµĻ߽ףټ֮ˣţֱʯϥ
Զ߹ϼ˸ʱһݹ⡢ɽԼбԶʯĴ
ż䣬еҲụкеǵͷһЦеǳĬЩŭĿӣǰЩԹһ㡣
мռʯλãĹȡ¶šŷ塢ϼ塢ԼҶϼ壬еûλȴ˸ռ죡
ǰĹǿ¶󣬲һֱû¶ڣǵǸ߽ߣԼµӣʵԽĹȡ
ȻˣҲȻﲻǿѹĵزǱĹǿһЩˣҲײԸڷͻ
˴Щʳ֮м˵ӮĺؼңͯҲµңԼĴ֮ˣ׷˴˵ء
ȻҲڴˣһűװûֳϴսףȺĳ֮УһźۣЩձߣҲ
߸м˷ɢĴҲЩкϵ
ʱ仺ţҲ٣ǧˣڣ֮࣬һڻӡ
һգһԶɳ۶һ֮󣬱ʯһӰ˸漴˵档
쿴ڵˣ
ߣΣֻҪ˶ϻȣҲɱ󡣡
ʯһ棬Ϊм˵߰˵Ӱ°ĽΧм䡣
ˣ¶ŽӰɽԲΪѽ׶꣬һʵףܻдϡ
һɵŽӰˣȻҪ츳ѣʵǿӲǱˣ˶ǧһ֪ضԼֵýıǮɲ˭ܴﵽԲͿԳΪӰ˵ġ
ǣʦѽ׶꣬ŲǼһˣҲʦһֻһӰ˶ѡ
ܻɱɽɹŻԪϣʵҲС
ߣ޷Щˣƴ֮δսʤŻԪģ˵ҲڳɱŻԪԭΪ˶
Ӧɢ˵ĹǹŻԪ޷Ϊʯж֣ܶŲұɱġһƲƲ졣
ǲҪСˣЩһɱŻԪǼ˵ţȻܵŽӰˣʵ;Գͨ˵ġ¶˵
ϽѵǣһСһЩģɽ˵˵ȴһ⣬˿ûʯϡ
һߣԪϴʯ˵棬ʯû˵ʲôܴȷʵмϢĴڡ
һ꣬Ͼɢһ˿ĹϢʯʱ򣬶ԷպÿʯҳʯͷһЦ漴
ףȻڿʯЩ⡣
ţĹŽӰˣ˫ѽ״Բ꣬սңϲ·磬һʵֲΪ˳ĻԪϿڵ
Ĺ˫ʯ˵ͷ
¶ɽ¶Ƕķ񣬲˵ȷֵýıǮڹɽϣλδϡԪ˿ɽʯ˵ͷ
ǿǸЦ滢ʵҲΪǿӲһж·硣ԪϿ˿Զһ꣬һЦݵĳű˴кЦݼ⡣
ʯÿ˵Ը¡
ʱһŮ֮һźɫȹĻ޵Ůӣʯ΢΢һЦʯǺЦĵ˵ͷ
ŽӰˣ˽֣ΪĴºŸӣһ졣ԪϽܵ
ŷԴŷʧ֮󣬱ŷΪڶ峤Ӱˣһʵŷ֮£ֻĲɷЩǷȱҲŷ㣬ӰʵԪ˵꣬һӣòŷȷмơ
ʯ˵ͷһЩżӰˣǱԪһһʯֱм¡
֮Ҳˣ峤ϸĵظ󱲽֣һЩɢ޵Ϣͨ߶ӴӣһЩ֮˶ϤȻԷһʶԼ
ˢһ£
ʱһɫݹԶģ֮ȺϿգ漴ڵ棬Ⱥ֮Уһӡ
ʲôã
Ƕʮǰ׷ɱ֮ʧ𣿡
һֱĳչ˰ɣٺ٣öˣ¶һֱйڣֿˡ
¶˶ࡣ
˶ϻȣɲһ˶͹ˣͬʱɱͬףΪڴԲ˷״ԲʵӿֲȺ۷׷
ʲôˣʯʵ
Ԫ۽һڵòȻᣬʵƽ֮ˣʱǶϷҲĶ֣ڽ״ԲȻɢޣһʵԿֲ
Ŷ䳤ҲǶ֣ʯЩ⡣
Ǻǣɢ֮УһЩѾõĴڣЩ˿ɱҪǿö࣬Σķÿһ춼
ʵĻˣˣܻɢޣȷʵһЩʵǿᣬ֮£ǧСɢޣͱħɢޡԪϽ
ʱһһṲ̊Զеһ΢ЦŻۣɢԲϢŮŰɫȹȻֻ۷壬һϢŹ֡
ǾȻҲˣԪЩˡ
ף־ȻҲˣ̤Ƶ΢΢һЦһ۱ǿꡣ
Ȼⳡʢġһ۵ޱ鵽
Ǻǣ⵹Ҳǣл׷Ԫҵһ˶ġЦЦǲòŮڵ棬ϥ
ţǶˣܲ־Ҫ֣ӽ죬Ůӽ˫ް£Ϊ֮ʱֻɱһԲڵĴϡ
ɸ𣬷ǿҲ̫ùû뵽ԲȻǺڣǵûȬʵʵֲԪ֣ص
ףʯ˵ͷ
ƽʱЩϼһ¶棬ϻȿϹŶǷ׷׳ˣԪϽܵһЩʵ׵ˣʯӦ˼ϢĴڣ䷢ǲԻĵط
ȻԶмϤӰŴ˴ʯ΢΢һЦż˰˰֣


ʮ˻ 
ʯһ絽ˣٺ٣ƺҲǿǺõģֻ뿪ͼɽȥ㡣
ʱһװ鳤Զ߸Ͻáˡӡϣһˣʯʣµˡ
ʯԪϣԼ鳤˻һ˿˼䣬׷
ǺǣʵҲûкöã֮һֱæ飬ɢڣҲײһȥˣأʯָˣȻˡ
ǰӳոǵļڣϻʱ䣬Ƕ˽ǰһһЩʵǿˣͳˣ˵ǽʲô񡣡忪ڵ
Ǵ˸˻Եʯü
Ǻǣǵᣬڶϻڵ飬ҲģҲκϲϣԶͷжˣȻ̫࣬бҲֵġЦЦ
ϲѽ״Բ֮ʯȻ֣徹ȻˣҲﵽڣȻǺ۷壬Ͻȴûʲôչֻ۷ѡ
ٺ٣ʯѲҲǽ״Բ֮ôһߣ˵
˼ҿţͳֵģھͨˣôܺʯᲢۣЦЦ
ǿɲһʯѾǵĶѣ԰ɣö΢΢һЦʯըգۡ
ǺǣλҪȡЦˣһѣǲǿͬеģ˶໥ҲиӦʯɫһ
ʯ׼ɶǰҪ̫࣬ҲͨеġʵҪ֪һɣһ㶼ǶʮϣϻҲֻȥһѣҲʮˡ
ʯڣĿǰȻûôʱҲʮλڣ½׵ġ
ЩһǲȥģϾһΣȫԵȴһڽϻȣֻʣʮϣҪְҪչ˶ĵֻ̣ʯǰȥ
ϵսײãǿҪ£˷ҲʯͬУԲʯĻһƳϣ³ϡ
γϵˣΪʱȹɣֻһڲμӶϻ֮ˡ
Ǻǣֻ˽ϻȣʯЦЦƳϣֱ۷ϣԼս׺ڵⳤϡ
½׵ĳϣʯͬϤ֮⣬˽ǲôϤ
Ŷֻˣ˵ǻĸպһ£ӣҲʮ˶ѣһһɣˡͷ
⻰˵ģѵʯѵɲһɣֻǸտǶѣһ΢ЦȴԿ̱˵
˵ᣡö˷ۣһֱֳĬ˵˵Ҳϰˡ
쿴һˣ
ųֱˣ澰֪ΪξŸһΣôйɣ
һɽͷҹµ𣬹ܿˣ
۷׷ףеľۣ̾׷ͲѣǼֻɨһۣǽŶϻȣΪǵĿѰԵģɲµġ
ʯƲƲ죬¾ȻΪҪ֪ڵԲ²ѵһȻǵ죬һߵԭʯЩ˽ģЩ˴С֡
ţǷͼ㶼˰ɣϷҲϻȣ˽ȥܽ˶ٱ˵ľۻȱȫĵͼԪɨһɽ漴ʯ֣ص
ϷģǷͼ㿴ˣעһЩҲģлᣬһȥ￴ġʯɫ
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˽⡣ʯ˵ͷ˼򵥵һᣬʱ仺š
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ʯҪڵʱ򣬺ȻֵĺȣЩɢ޸ϻȱԵɫ䣬æߡ
ԭȥʮˣֻӻӰһɫ԰ףдŨŨĿ־壬úٲ̤ϻȰ벽
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ԭˣҪûϣҵȻǲԵʡɫ
أ֪ҵȺʱܽУһ䡣
վգյ֮ʱſƵϻ֮ʱǲſԽϻȵġ΢΢һЦ
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ٺ٣ɾôܽĶϻȾ飬ȫõϣҵȻְȴǱȲŵĳ̾Ϣ
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ʯˣԱˣҲȺ˶ϻȣģ֮󣬱ħ֮С
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ЩҲûкκ˴кǳ˹ڣҲ֪һЩǲ֮ǰЩײмʵӰһϢȫһЩŽӰ˵Ĵڡ


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ɫһڵմϵ˵ﲻôģȻͬѰ·ߵѶȡ
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ʯѣĪÿһ궼Щ仯ֻǶһЩΣҵȲ̫Ӱġ嵭Ȼ˵
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˷ɶݣܰԽأʯżһƬľԣһֻֻͽ׷Ҵܡ
ռеͼϵ·ߣ㻨ʱ䣬ʯҵνڣ˿ѾӰʯǰ߳˽ȥ
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˵ҽȥϿߣʯһСеĸ֪һľʯǱȽŷġ
ʯ붼ĺһ䣬ˣԼ΢΢һ㶣Ȼֻڶ޼֮ͣ£ȻˣҲԿԻɱֻ޵ġ
ֻܻȡܶ񣬾ⶴ֮ڣҲкܶıϾ˶ʵǿޡ
໺
˳֮䣬ƬһţںĶڣȻܳһƬĺӰȻ԰ټƵĺɫ
ȻǺܸߣǿҲǽڸ߽ף൱ڣ̫࣬˸Ƕ֣ϵ˱ɫ䣬ҲûκԥǴԶȥ
ϼ֮˸ǾޱȣҫԸʲôԶߣӴ󣬷ɶٶޱȣ̼ǽΧϵˡ
ֻ޲ϵس˹żмӰҳΧԶɲѣҲǽ׷żֻɫ
ֱȺҪ£̼ɢ֪ӵҲûʱȥʲôܱסң˼ˣ
ʯҫڶڸԱ߻¿ͣһ˵ϼ֮ˣûΧֻǼֻ𹥻ˣҫ˿ڣƺ׼ðմȥһ
ȻʯҲᣬϾ׷˷ɳԶãֻһ
Хһһֻֻ۾ڶڳ˳ȻҲвٽڸ߽ףȻȺֲҲԲܶึ˵á
ৣ
ֻ۾嵽ʯſʯɫһһֻԪָ˿ҫ֮󣬱Ƿ֡
һʮö߼ͽ׷ɳ漴Ϊһߣ׹ȹǰֻҶȥһŻæѶ
ţʯһʮöУ漴ǰڶżֻޣҲʯ֡
ʯСĴܣԷԶʧĵط˹ȥҫʯзڶ࣬ɵ˫Ŀһ
ҫ˵껰ǰһɫɽһ֮£ֻޱǱն룬漴ԥʯȥ

һҽдһ˱һֻҧסֱۣ¿͸ҪǰȥȣҫһȣǴ͵뷨
ûõĶҪȥȥֻ·һߣҫһ߻ɱ޿·ͼæ
˺֮£ԽԽ٣ǰֻһ㶼ʯնɱ˵ɲ٣յĹ򣬲ڳ˴Ƭ
ʯɫЩ΢ףȻʹ˲ٷ֪ʱţʱ̿żֶԸޣҲ˲С
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ʯоû׷ϣһƬְͣ漴ɵһž֮ϣϥ
ΣķĵطҪǲܱ֤ӯʱΣգֻɢںҵˡ
ʯ²ãҫ˸˸ǱѣɫʯҪףʯ·ܵޣҪֻɱģǿûʯǰķ
Ҫ֪ʯΪ˴˷ϻ֮У׼˺üʱ䣬׼㣬ҲǼʯжҸһЩ
ҫĳϣ˿ʯ֮󣬼æ̷һŵҩ˭û˵ʱȻǸϽָʵһʲôΣա
ڶϻڣһ˷ɶݸῪ⣬ʱͷŸ֪̫죬Ҫ֪ʡһģͶһֱıǮ֮ǰ޹ˡ
պٴգϻڰٴŨʯ˫ĿһɫָһϢҲָ۷״̬
ͬһʱ䣬ҫҲ˫Ŀʯ֮˼֮ɫԶҹ۾˿£ֿ˿ԶĿҫϡ
峤ɢһô죿̫٣·Ǽص㣬޷ƽġü
ҫƬ̣΢΢һЦʯѣĳ֪һиɽǰ֮˲һƽʱޣ뿪˶ϻȡ
˷֣˵ܰǴܵصĽƿҪʲôƾΣҪòףҲƽ֣ܹƽ
ߣƽ˶ҵˣȻռֻйƽʯһ
Ŷʯѵ˼ǣҫоâһ
ʯĳҲռˣǽƺƿұĳǱǺƿʯĳɾͲλˣһҪȥҵͬ顣ʯɫ
ķ֣ٺ٣ҲãǾͰʯѵ˼ģﲻԶӦúƿᵢʱģ̫ƵĽƣĳҲȥ˷ʱ䡣ҫ˵꣬ʯ˵ͷ
ҫʯĳȥǽ󣬵ʯͷɲǣҫʯӡ󣬵ʱ˸
Ҫ֪һ򲻺ͣԼһˣǺ۷壬һʵףʯȻΪ˶ҪһֵĺôϵͷӦԼǸƲҪ
ĳϻԼԲӦԷһͬѰܵأϽԶźãȻΪԷܶԼвҪĽҪеģǽ顣
֪Цʲôʯҫһ߷ɶݣϻ¶Цݣһ䣬ֻʯУȴǰЦҪûϱʵ뻢Ϊı


ʮ ׹
ʯѻǿ˰ɣĳֻǿЦòƿǶڽƣҲ֪ôڶûȥͱϡͿȺɢ㲻ÿϧ𣿡ҫ̾Ϣһ
ŶȷмֿϧˣҲûа취̫٣ǼΧһſɱЩޡʯҡͷ
ǺǣǾޣıﲻҲû֣ƿƣȻǸ޼ĵضǿϧҫ˵
滹иޣǾȥҲһɫص˵
ĵϸ϶иӿֲޣˣȻ޷ȥҲͲоˣһܵǶĸˡҫɫ
ʯû˵ҫͬУһֱɶݵ˵ڶ죬շ˱˼ֻޣʵǿֱǴ򷢵ˡ
˸ˣԶȴǳֻּڶޣ˲ɫһæӶת֮£һֱʱҫͣ
ޣ˷˰յʱ䡣ҫһ䡣
ôطˣʯ˿·Ĺľԣȴûмʲô
ٺ٣˹ľԲǣԶƬֱԵǶڣֻƺޣһܸ̫󶯾ⱻЩ޷
ҪûЩ˲׽ӽǶҲ类˷ˡҫӲһЦǿ˿Զ֡
ãҵϢǣʯ˵껰һϢޣûжòȱȻ棬ܽϢȫҲ̫ķƽʱʯǲʹõġ
ҫŶˣԶֽӽһĹ󣬲ԽƬľԣֱԵ
һЩߵͲƽʯɽʯɨһҲûзʲôҫʯ߹հ֮£һͨʯɽ
ףƲʯ˫Ŀһ
ҫɫһܿƲ
кβףʯһ䡣
ٺ٣һ֪ˣҫһһöɫУʯɽһӣһɫϼʯɽŤΣ漴һء
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ٺ٣ֲû˷⴦Ȼﲼó˻ý˽ӽҲῴʲô쳣
ʯ֮ȻԼȫƽЩһĽԣǺ˽ģһЩҲǺѡ
֮˲ĽƣʯҲϤֽԪ󡯣ƪϿü飬Ҳ᲼ãͽֱƽ⣬ʯ裬ѷǱȴǰˡ
Ǻǣʯѻ棬˵ȷʵǰνƣⶴڴĽƣҲƳƽ֮ϴμƽ˴롣
һ죬ǽ죬ƽ˵ؽҲЩЧʯ趯ԺֻǽעУҵһ߶죬ǱƿơҫЦ
û⣡ʯ˵ͷ˽죬ʡ˲Ҳ֪ܷҪǶ̫󣬺ܱܿ޷֡
ҫһӣְգ漴һףʮֻСûܣҫһ㣬һ
һֱң嵭ɫĹֶǷһööƣŶһƮȥ
۵һ졣
ɫսӽڸǱһɫĻסֻɫһתһööֶ漴͸ɫĻ֮ڡ
һĻˣûκֻһöö֮ȻɫĻƺʱɢӡ
ʯѣǶͬʱ߶򿪽ơҫ˵꣬ʯ͵˵ͷһ֮£ǹע˵ɫ֮ڡ
ˢһ
ϽâһʢһööıôĿҫۣȫӿɫĻ֮ڣʯȻ߶ԽԽ࣬ɫĻԽɫԽ
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֮£ɫĻɢɼ֮ûǷޣҲƿơ
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ҫЦһչЦһҪǵĶƣ⿿޷򿪣˵ᶯˡ
Ȳ˵ԼǷĽָˣ֮ǰΰЩԼһܷŹʯҫȻڶ֡
ǺǣʯĳȻѵģȻҵȱˣ˭Ƚȥһģ룡ʯһƣһ£˭ҲԸ⽫ˡ
ĳͲˣٺ٣ҫ˵껰һȵĳ˶ʯһǰŶڱԵ£ƺڲ鿴ʲôµĸ˽ȥ
ЩʪӰ켸ǰУʮ֮󣬱ֱ֮󣬱һʯҡ
ʯ֮ƺһڷһЩţ߿ݹǵУѴޱȣ߲ûκαԪָ
ڣ͸¶һֹİϢ
ǰһŻʯŽգҪĵطӦ䰵ˣҲ֪澿ʲôɲҪϴһڸȺ
ҫһӣһâ漴ǰʯ֮ϣصһ죬ʯŰȻâɢ
ವһ
һְգʯźȥֻʯ΢΢һһâǽ鷴ʯȻ˿
нƣƺǱչĶЩţӦ˵ĵӴ֮ҫ򵥵ķһ£ʯҲ΢΢˵ͷ
Ƶƺƿ֪ѿʲô취ʯһ䡣
ֻܶý쳢һˣҪͷǳˡҫһӣʮֻٴγְա
ಡ
ҫһ㣬һֻֻСûʧţгһöɫ򣬻Ϊֱ֮ǰһĻһ޶
ҫԸʲôʯֱӳ֣עУɫ΢΢һʯŷȥ۵һʯ֮ϡ
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ʯˣҲֻܸɵˡҫϲɫһ漴죬ǰһӡ
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һȭӰɳʯźѶʯмһأŻ״򿪣˲˫Ŀһ¶ŨŨڴ֮ɫȫŶ֮ڡ


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ȥ˵ҫûпʲôֱŶڳȥͽʯȻ£ȴעŶ˵һһ
ʯֻɴСǰһɫţ϶һ߿ݹǣѴһƬݹǵĹ֮ϣһöԪָ
ЩʯڿտյûκƷȷĳ˵ʲôرĵط
ȻһﶼûУһöԪָϣôұһ˲źáҫɫһһ֮¡
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ѣǲӦԼһԪָڵƷȫȡڵϣҵȺ÷һ¡ʯɫ
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⡭ʯüƺҲЩ޸漴ڵðɣϣѲҪƭʯĳ
ôᣬָϣҪǲָ㣬ֱ˵ãαػʲô뿪˵ҫ˵껰Ŷ֮ȥ
ʯŶˣ漴뿪˶Ȼ˷ʱ䣬ܻЩջָڶȻЩ洢ġ
ҫվڶſڣһṦʯ˳漴ڶ˶档
ѣֱһȫĵطأʯ΢΢һЦ
ٺ٣㹻ˣҫһֳɫһ֮£৵һֻܹϼһһ㵭Ľɫ֣׵ֶȻȵؽʯС
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㾹Ȼʯĳ˵˵ʯɫһһһѪɫɽնصһײ˽ɫֱԵ
ֻɫһΣȴǰȻûбƿ˼ʯû뵽˽ƹǿᣬɵͫһ
ʯѲҪ׷Ļˣ˸㣬˲ڴ˵صĽƣڶĹܣ֮ЧûеĽǸ򲻿ġҫЦ
ԭ׼ʯĳ֪βܷҳȥʯһ䡣
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һҪڵˣ²ֹϼ壬ĹȣҲʲôɵˣʯ͹Ц
ʯɫûп˵ʲô
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ŶֻҪʧˣʯһһ֮£˸̼䣬һ𣬺׵Ľҫס
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״ҫɫ΢䣬ԣʱóĽƣԼԼ˾Ĳó󷨣㲻˿ƣҲС
ʯóĽʱģ˿ƣҫĺܿƿʯһƣ˾ͺƿˡ
˵ֵĶ̫޺׷֣һǳʱʯĳߣ󣬶ʱ޷Ⱥһǿ¾ͱ޸֮ʳˡ
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ߣǣҲܲŻǡһˡһ˵һȴɫ
Ǻǣ˼λˣʯĳûȤһԪʵס¡ʯЦЦ
ʲô㾹Ȼ֪Ԫ֣ҫЩ˵ֻ꣬ʯ촽΢ţһĻˡ
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ʱԶڳһâԼ俴һֻߵĽɫСץŶʮֻ죬ʯǰ
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ۣ֨֨
СȻƺ˵һʯ̨кܶڣһ㾫Ĳõ󷨣ģһЩ̳ʯ̨ౣһЩۡ
ûƵȴǱ齫СҵһԪ󲻹ƣȻʯҲûЩδҵС졣
㣬ԭ㲼õʱ죿ôסǣļơҫһ֮ɫԭΪԼļƻ޷죬ʵǷʤ
Ǻǣ˴˱˴ˣʯĳȻԴеģҪ޶ʯĳ²ߣ˵ˡ
ʯЦڸ˽붴֮ǰʯĶڱԵʯڣʵǷųС飬ҰзԸһЩ顣
Ȼ뻢ΪıʯܲЩֵģ
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ôԸʯĳȻôԸ㣬ϱȫһĻӦֻ֪Ҫﶯһ޺ܿͻ˵Ѿ·ˡʯЦЦ
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ʯĳʱޣǸϿ쿼ǣǲͬ⣬ҿɾҪˣ޷ɱǣҲ޿Сʯɫһ˼Ȼк֮ģȻ׷ŹԷ
Ĭãҫ¶֮ɫ
ߣҪǽΣȻ˺Ƥɣҫ˵Ż¶һɫ֮ɫ
ţ䵥һһȭͷСԲУһ׻ȻǶӣʯҲɵͫһ
ҫӵԶֱԵֻһž޴Ľڶ𣬿ֲನϯʯ߶Ȼֲʱơ
ʯɫһСವһʯڣ䵥һУһ˸С챻漴ݹһ𣬱Զȥ
ӣȻ˷ұ֮ӣĳɱĲΪˡҫһĵڹϼг漴ʯ׷ȥ˻ѣ׷Ŵ˵رܶ


ʮ սɱ
໺
һ˻֮鶴Ҳ֪жޣһӱƵ
ʯٲͣæĳȥǵĻͷһۣ¶֮ɫ޲ûֹͣ׷
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ҫ¶Ц֮ɫѰŹɱ˷Ѷõʱ䣿Ƕ˺ɱ練ơ
Ѿ˿ԼʯһȻ֪ʵΣϱǲġ
ǿԼǸ㣬û޴ĳҲԷſֽţٺ٣ھཻ鱣Ҳǲܵˣ֣
ҫ˵껰ǷųɫɽǼ飬ڰձ֮ʯȥ
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ҫĹʯΪ峤ȻЩ˵ı죬һӣǹֶ漴ҫһնȥ
ߣҫһߣһ㣬ֻɫɽһ˸֮£ȻһɫСϰٵâʯ
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Хһ
ɫ֮䣬ֻǾ޿һ磬ɳϯǽǵصĽâɢܲСӣⲻʯɫһ
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йϼ˸һɫһ绡ޱȣſ֮£һ׳
ʯɫһ˼˫һһɫɽڰ۶һת֮£ǰȥ
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ףǣ֮ͳ㾹Ȼǣҫһ죬漴
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Ƭ̺ʯŵı仯Ȼ˫ĿһУһ˿ϲ֮ɫһţ仺ת
λѣ綼»Щƣ˿ƵıĳԻƽֵģȻñҲҪˣңĻɱĳ顣ɫ
Ŷǿƽֱʯĳǿʯ΢΢һЦֻǿҫ񣬺ε֮ɫ
ŶʯٺòɽϲɫһҲ֪Ϊ˶һ֣Ŀġ
ҫʯΪ˱һ˿ϲɫ漴ʧ
תҫ¶һ֮ɫ˿ʯ·ص֮һˣʯͻԼһڳһɽӡ
ֻǺٺһЦʯ˵ͷûж˵ʲô
صһ죡
˸˼ʱʯźȻһѿ¶һ߼谵ģģ
õһһŻִգڵյ硣
ʯ˫ĿһִСʮ֮мһ̳ܴĸʯ̳м䣬һʯ̨ڷžӨɫʯ顣
ʯ˫ĿһȻһ˵޴ãõۣҲüǮ
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˸֪Ŵڲ̽Ƭֲ̣ûô쳣֮òȽɽ½½ĸ˽ȥ
ʯվڴ΢еĿˣһ˿䱸֮ɫ
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ͬһʱ䣬ʯĳڣ澹ȻһƫǰһΣǰһʯ
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ʯǰϰһϽ⵹ʯĴ֮ǰû֣ѶϽûκαϢֻǷ˼ıʯɻǣΪδ˰ѶϽ


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žһ
иһľһˣȻڷһ飬мһɫ㣬Ҳһ˿տյӦװĳƷֻǲ֪ιʲˡ
Ȼ顣ƱҪ֣ʯһΣǵסã״üͷһ壬¶һ˿ŭɫ
ʯѣĪĳ㣿Ҫ̲ɣߵ
ٺ٣ûֻһ飬ȫѣ㲻ʯĳԿ𣿡ʯ΢Ц
ƽ֣Ȼ㽫һ룬ĳһʯѺαضһ٣˫ĿһС
ʯ°ͣ΢ЦѣֻҪʯĳĺôܣҾԲᶯ֣ĻʯĳãŻȥһЩЧ
ʲôô֪иĺôɫһЩɲ
һҪģ²·°ɣ˵ʯĳִƽ֣һὫԼǿţҲһ롣ʯɫ
ɫһһϢʯ˫Ŀһâ˸ƺЩҩζһԲϾͻᶯֵӡ
ɽһ˷֮ɫϣ˴֣ܾˣ˵Լ̵꣬ɫЩѿ´սԼڻߡ
Ĭãʯͷӣһ˿ɵһ
ãĳǣں飬õԼǿԹ籾֮ʱ飬ᱻɣǿ
һָɢļֵҲֻʯǿϲ̫ѣ˵ļֵʵ顣ɫ
Ŷ龹ܡʯٴѯһЩʹ÷һһһֱӽʹ֮ӡԪʯڽʯ
ʯѣڿԽ齻˰ɣɫ
ʯЦЦ룡˵ŻʯתһУľмϵɫ壬ʯõɫһ
ǾЭ£ľпپͱɻˣһ麮Ǿĸϣֵ൱һöģֻϧҺôҲʯѣ˵껰һȵ顣
ǫˣ飬ǻԹȻԭͬж֣ڸ绢ʯ΢Ц漴˺Ǿ塣
ٺ٣ʯǰʩչĻԹҲǲƺһֽӰ֮ܵȷСʩչȻܱġЦЦʯһ
Ǹ뿪˰ɣʯ˿ɽ˵һ䣬Ͼ֮ǰ˶ģû֮£ʯɲΥԡ
Ȼõ˵ͷɽ˿ɫһɡ
֮ǰһҪɣȻٴοڡ
ʲô£ʯʵ
ٺ٣Сӣ㽫˻ɱ뿪Ļһ
ʲô㣬Ƿĵģ㲻ɱңɽɫҲ䡣
Ǻǣˣĳɲɱ㣬Сӣ㻹֣˵꣬ԥֻó֡
һ޷֮ɽԣһȭһ㺮ϣһȭɽţţ߱ǻ
һߣƺһ㣬ֻѶɽʬ޴棬û뵽ûʯõҲûǿУȻһС
⣬һķ̣Ҳ͸¶౯ʵ
۵һ죡
תźȻһڱ͸ʯ۽һûعڵһϻһǽУ䲻ڵ
ǰ㲻ǴӦ뿪
ٺ٣뿪뿪˼䣬֪ô࣬һȥ˵ĳ»һЩ鷳
˵껰̧һУɽıָıָȫ˿û֮ɫ
ʵ㲻ɱġʯипҲûʲô취ʵٸʯһλᣬҲȥһɵˣãϾˣԼҲкô
ٺ٣ɱҲ㣬ҪȻȥ˵ҶûкôЦ
Ͳʯĳ˵ʯ˫üһ
Ǻǣͬһϣ˵ȥҲ˵ȥ﷢飬ʯ˵һͬҲɵڵġһ
Ŷ˵ԼɣҪ֮ǰʯĳɱˣֵĹһЩѶὫʯĳڵġʯЦ
һҪ˵һҲһϵˣɱɽȥ¶ϴҲǱɣ׳յ˵Լ֮ǰֵʵһЩԼҲ³
ʯѲҪ룬ϾҸɵңٺ٣లݣҲ뿪ˡ˵껰ȥʯ漴˳ȥ


ʮĻ ·
ϻȣΧһƬƽԭ֮ϣ
һźȹĻ޵ŮӣɫصĿܣһŽСӣ¶΢֮ɫһ˫ü
Ůܣ󺺣һڣڣԲһԲڣŮͬΪҲ֮ס
˫ĿŹ⣬һЦĿźŮһĦȭ
Ŷɽ廢޶Ȼ鴫רЩٲƽɫĹŮ޵ݣЩü
ٺ٣ӣ㻹Ǵ°ɣԺźһλֵܣܼŪŵʵ˲ҵ
лὫסҪǰźˣһˣ˵ͷһΣһЦ˵
ԣĺŮ˼Ƭ̣Ȼ΢΢һЦ
ȻлλӢۣǺεңǼȻ˼֮á
һôҲȵùһЩСģһ̫ˣλһ⣬Ҳλʧġ
˵Ż˵˫Ŀâһǰקקȹ¶ɫǶԼƬѩ׼
̫ˣһѪĳ嶯ֻСһȣһҴܡ
ɣ˵Żתŵȥ˹Ц׷򷢸ɵ촽ЩͲסӡ
ƺ֮´ܵǰһץסƱҪڵء
ʱֻ˫Ŀâһһһţһĳһһ֡
ߣˣΪӻûзǾƲԳԷƣŭ
ڻܶ㲻һԣĿһУϴһ˿Цݣ۶ǰһƷ˿ȹһﻹо֮ɫ
ʲôô£һ֮ɫ¶һ˿⣬æڵˣϿҽⶾҾͷˣҪȻӽ棬ٰǡ
ͷˣȻ£ʲô룬˵˵һЦû˿ɫ
ǿˣԼŲסŮˡ
ǺǣҰȻ뿪ͺãһὫҩµģϴڼǲ·𣿡΢Ц
ƨӲ㡣ŭϿ콻ҩ
۵һ
һͷ­һ´ϻ䣬ɴ۾Ŀ֪˭֣һֱûᡣ
ٺ٣Ȼ޷лӣǸɵȻʲôôÿζ
λֵܣǴԲʵǿԺҾǴ磬кôһǷȻΣߵı΢Ц
Ϳ˳ϴˣǳ˿ԺŶ졣˷׷׵ͷ
Σɫһǰһ֮£һۺɫϯΨһһԲס
ء
һݸ굹ɶ¶ɫ˸ǲǰû뵽Ůʵ˿ֲ
ô˲ˣǻϰɣ˵Żȥ
ʱֻݸ굥һ㣬ֻܹϼ˸̼䣬һ㵭ĽɫֶΣȴ޷ƿ֡
ϴǰ󷨣˱ӵóŮοӣݸվΣһĿ
Ƕ練Ӧÿ죬ҪȻǸ缸ɥѾסսʲôʱſ£ϣɱϴһĵ⼸µ
һ䣬ɲǺ£ǲκԼȫߵԼͿܱϾϻȿʱޣһȺԼɡ
ƻһЩΪɱ˶ᱦٲƽɫʵһЩҪûдߵڣԼΣˡ
ٺ٣ҼȻϴȻϣˬݸһЦ漴ֹ
ʵֻм֮޻֮ÿιԷʱţ
Ȼ䣬Զ߷ɳݹ⣬ٶ֮죬ֻǼģ֮£ǴϿӹţһɫӰͣ
৵һ
״ҲͣΣɻĿ˿꣬Ŀ˱ĺŮϡ
ӣ껺ڵ
ʯţȻ㣬Сıɽ廢סʯųִһȹŮɫһ˵ﻹ֮ǰġ
ʯ꣬Ȼˣ뿪Ķ֮Ȼûнͬе˼˷ɶݵ·ߣȴǳͬȥͬһܵء
Īʯĳͳ֣ʯ˵ͷڶϻԼкԶ䲢ľİȻҲǺϤ
ʯŵӡһֱǲģűӵݣҲŵչˣԼؽɽ֮ϣҲǰԼ˵û
Ҫֲɣ༸ɫأʯöǴԲҪǶ֣˿²Ƕ֡
ʯֻ΢΢һЦԷ˵˫һһӰֶ֮漴ŽƹֱԵһնȥ
۵һ
޽һû棬ûնڹ֮ϣһ̣ɫȴһΣպȻһɢ
껹ûзӦֻһƬۺɫϯУţҪӣֻһֺɫϯһ½˲ס
ء
죬ͷ­ѶһУֺɫУһ֮£ۺɫʧ¶һ߰׹ǣĿġ
ڿշ˳˼˵ıԪָֿνɾ䣬ֲʧ϶㿴ãҲΪ֮
ӣȻ鴫ȷʵǸСŮֺҪû󷨣ǿˡ÷ǵûио̣͵˵һ䡣
ǰˣǰǰɲ˵ʲôʵġȻһЦ漴ʯ˵ͷ
˷ʯѳԺҪȻȫһ֣ص˵˵˫ĿĶʯ
һ򽻺ãӦõģڽҲǣʯĳСµֵһˡʯЦЦ
ʯǫˣˣӦȥͨ塯ɣ˳·ɽλͬУ΢΢һЦ
ǺǣĳʮûأͨҲʲôˣȻҶ֪Ǳͬаɡ˵껰ʯ˵ͷʯЦЦ˶ݹһ𣬱ĳȥ


ʮ ͨ
ϻȣΧ
һƬ֮УʮӰʮֻΧס˾ܷɱҲǿӳ˶ѡ
Ⱥһд׷ߵļ˳˹ȥЩˣĴǳ֮һٳһ

һߣ֪һƬϿգӰ澭кȻԾһ㣬Ȼʵǿȴ׺ޱȣη߹
ȻͨǿͣȺӴ󣬶внʵڣһṦ򣬼ֻ߱ǱǵصȺһ֣ǻΪһ߾߿ݹ׹¡
ȺӰȺӴ󣬹׺һһŮɫأͨǿᣬһݵں˹ȥ
˾ûôˣˣǷλǿߣ

ĳܵأһڡ
Ӱվڵ棬һ˷ܵؿԶһֻУǸոƽ֮һӰҪǰֻ۵һ
һ𣬺ȻһֻǰվһӰû˿ɱ⣬ЦеĻֱۡ
֣㾹Ȼ֣֮һţһЦݵӣ̼仯Ϊһ棬дŨŨĲʡ
һЦݵӽ䱦𣬱ˣŽӰˣЦ滢ǿĿǿľУȴһ˸ǰ

һľ֮أӰգһʬ壬ǸãӰ¶Ц
ٺ٣ɵòպÿԻɱ䵥ˣʬ崦׼һӰڵ
áһ˵˵ͷȻüһ磬ˡ
û˵꣬˺Ȼ˫ֱͷɫʹֻ࣬죬촦һѪɫذգţһŤΡ
ˢһ¡
һĸݣŻۣޱֶĿûĺӣƺ٪һ㰫С˺ӣ;û
٪˵ı̧һУѪɫذУݹһ𣬱ԶȥˣҲһԲڡ
һṦӰԶʬһüֻ΢ͣ٣Ǽߡ
֮ǰ˵ƺҲˡ꿪ڵãˣȻʯˡ
ʯһߴ߶ݹ⣬һɻƺһ֮ʿоӦ÷棬־ͱȽʫ⡣
о˵ƺҲͬһ֣֮ƺ˵һ٪壡ü
٪壿ʯһ£оԼĴһ
Ǻǣӣǧǰ˵٪֣ªһʵֲĳҲԸ䶯֡΢Ц
Ȼֻڳһ˵ˡЦЦ˱߱ģϵǢ
ϻȿаʱˣǻҪ·ʱ䣬棬Ҳ̫ˡʯɫ
Ǻǣ·ӣֻҪǳΧǽƹرҲûʲôΧȻЩգ봳ȥûģϾΧûнƹرաЦЦ
ʱӦüвһʱ䣬Ӧþܸϵͨ壬ʮʱ䣬㹻оĽˣҪȻ޷ƿǾֻڵȾˡɫ
ǺǣӦòģ˷һ˶ˣӦǶ׼ͨĽһ겻һ꣬ǹ㲻ӦƵƣĳҲϻȵġ˼
˷Ǹ壬ǳ֮ˣһЩɢǿڶˣνǿƼƿƣᱦҲ̾Ϣ
̤;ȷѪǿʳ˲ʤ̭ʣµĶǿߣûĥ;ҲҪһŹʵǣˡøп
ʯʤરû˵ʲôڵϵĹٹԸı䣬ʯҲûʲô̫ҰҲһ˳Ȼлᾡȡǡ
һ֮ɫżϼ䣬պһƬϿգǺŨԶԶȥһɽ
ͨӦþƬɽ֮ˣһʱңǾͿҵˡ˵꣬漴һᣬʯӸȥ
һṦɽϿգң޾ɽ˴жһ·һ˳ĳȥ
һʱң˿Զһ޷壬ڴƬɽȺ嶥ƺֱͨƣҲ嵽жߡ
˷֣Ƭƺֽƣ䲻ƣ߶ȴƺֻܶ࣬ҪӴİɫ㣬ֺܴѹԷɵ̫ߡ
ȻԼҲûʲôӰ죬Ͼɵ̫ҲûʲôãͽĶѣĹ˷ɵߴɽ帽ִ˵Ѿۼ˲ˡ
ͨˣ˵ĿĶʯɫһһ嶼һ￴˵ķԪõġ
Ǻǣ֪ʵǺܶ࣬Щ˼֪ҲûеǾһΪһ˿ãϣƴҲȡһ˵껰Զɽȥ
ʯһɨɽ嶴ڴžۼŶʮˣеϥеǶƺڵˡ
ţˡʱһӰһ½׵ĳϣֻǰΪʵڵ͵Ŀ
أȺ׷Ҷû°ɣʯһ䡣
飬϶ˣΪǣ·˵ˣѾûˣϷԸӦͬţȽȥˡ˵
Ŷ˭ȥˣʯһ䡣
֮ǰͽȥһ֣֮󣬽ȥĴһЩʵǿɢޣԼһЩšصһ䡣
ãڽӦĻҲȥɡʯ˵һ䣬Ƕݹһɽڷ˽ȥõûŽȥȴʯͬˡ
ɽںܿ㣬ŶߣɿҲ쳣ʯڹ⻬ޱȣǾĴĥһ㡣
˳ɽȷɶԶӣǰּĲ·ڣ˲ͣ
֪׼飬Ǹ߸ģʯɫ
ʵ΢Ȼʯѽˣ˵ö˶ǰȥˣЩͱˣֱֻͨˣʯѲ᲻ϲɣ΢Ц
ͨͨһ㡣
ʯ΢΢һЦŮУʯĳܾ룡ʯ˵껰˱һȷȥ
ʱٴӰ˽Ĺ˫Լã˲û˵ֻһۣǳʯʧȷ˹ȥ


ʮ ͨ
ϻΧͨ嶴ڣ
Хһ
һ͵쭷ϯǵصķмУйӰ⣬ǰƣֿ硣
Ҳ֪˶ãǵûмԽӱǿƣ˵ĻҲԽʼҡҡλκƸǳСӡ
ӣǿҪȥˣ쭷粢ǿԱܹȥġʯɫص
ãֻˣ˵껰ڵӭҵ쭷磬ƺٲά裬ȴǲ˿ͣ١
ŰĹʯҡ֮䣬Ȼо쭷Ȼֹ䲻˿ͷӵʱȴü
Ϊ쭷Ȼң쭷ֻĳһ߹ȥǰȻͿܷǡ
ȻûʯǿǣĽҪ쭷ƺЩѣԽ
״ʯҪһѣʱֻһӣͷһֻɫС룬һµͷ
৵һ
ɫСһպܣͬһʱ䣬ⱬѶ͵쭷ϯȥ
žž
һĦһеɫĻ赲ɫ΢ףƬ̺ڳ籩ĳ˳
Ǻǣ벻ӾȻ챦ʯ˫Ŀһ˿ͷɫС룬
ʵãֻܿﻤˡӲ˲ͷ㺹ת˵
ֻҪƿԼУԼһ˵ǷҪϢһʯЦЦ
ˣǵ˲ʱ䣬ȥͨǸ·ɡ˵껰˶ݹһ𣬼·
һ·ϣ˿ɲ˱򣬻ģֻؽƣö˵鲻ʱ䡣
·ڣԹ˷ͷߣҲлǰĳȻΪ·̫࣬Ļᵹǲࡣ
мʬ壬żʯţҲȫĿеʯŸǱķѣʯڿտյɨһա
ǰγƵʱȻһŮżȻʩչһЩϣϼıǲʯʲô԰ȻľͿɴȥҲʯĿ࿴

ͬһʱ䣬ͨ嶴ڡ
һԲǧҵľ޵ͨ
ഫˣõķԪȻżҲͨĵطõʵ֮١
쳣㣬мһҵıɫʯ̨һͼ̳ʮʯΧ£ʯ̨γһɫ֣ʯ̨
͸ʵĹ֣ԼԿ̳Ưһ壬ƺǱ״ҲЩƿ״Ǵűĵطˣⲻ˼
ʯ̨·ݹǣϻЩ޵ʯ񣬿Щʯأ֫ȣеĸǲѺۡ
߿մһſҹȭͷСĹ㣬һһɢâڵĹǿЩͬǹһġ
ܣŻ˿ÿһŻվ߰˵ӣ׷תףĵļ̳
ͨˣֻȻȴ̫٣ƽһ̾Ϣ
ʲô˵һһż̳ȥ󺺸ҪȴѾӽ̳
ֺ̧ȭӰأȫײ˻ɫ֮ϣֻɫûһ£ȭӰѶ
״һȴоãŬŬ죬ûʲôΣգһԣ˺
˴һ󣬷ֲûʲôƣЩ֮ˣǳֳԺһµʯ񣬷׵ľͿԻ٣ȷͨʯ顣
оûʲô֮Ȼʮˣδش򿪽ƣΪһ˿ңҲ޷ڼ̳תƣһƿ˽ƣǶռ˱ˣ
ЩУһЩѾõɢޣӻҲһЩһģֻ¶һ
̳Χ׷׼һ⣬ʮʯӳĻɫ֣ڱϣһŴĿѶ

ͨ嶴ĳڡ
ʯգɫӰʮҵ꣬һЦЩü۵ӡ
ô˫ɷҲˣǵ˼׼ˣü΢壬ȴһ΢Ц˵
ٺ٣ɱ˶ᱦҲѡˣ䵥ôֵ࣬ܺαļλ룡һ˰֣ʾͨ
ʯֻ΢Цĵ˵ͷȻоʵףҪסԼƺ̫ܣȻԷ֣ʯȻ¡
˶ݹһڶм䴩˹ȥһṦ򣬿һٵʯţȻȥתһȦ
ܿϧʯڲκη֣˱뿪ʯң·
ʱ˲ԼͬɫһæͷһǰĹ˫ɷ˿̾ȻѪ˵档
ڰУһŻۣòªǸûĺӰ˰գȻһ٪壬СĲСòȴģ
΢䣬˵ֵʱֻԶ٪˫ĿâһĮ̧ͷ˿ʯˡ
״ʯɵɫһоɨоȻһ˿⣬ãʯҲûָо
ûпڣ˵ıʬ嶼ôһ·ڷȥ
ʵĲ֮£ֲϴø˸ߵۣһת۵Ĺ򣬾ȻɱԲͬסʯ죬оԼҲѰ쵽
ü΢˫ɷʵɲҶԲߣôʱڻɱǶˣĺܿ¡
ˣǸϽ뿪ɣǱϾͬһϱǿߣϰϹˣǲܶԱȵġʯʼ磬˼·
һṦǰȻ򶷵պһ·ڣʯӷɵ΢۲Ƭ̣ҵԴ
м·ڣǱܿǣʯ˵꣬ӵ˵ͷҪѡ·ڡ
ʦ㣬û°ɣҪɱ㣡һ󾪺ʯûʲôӦȴĿһæתͣ
ãʯѣƺͬʦãҪȥĸ˿˵껰æмĲ·ڷȥʯһ˼Ҳȥ
Ƭ̺󣬶һȣŮգһŭ֮ɫΧмһŰ£ӣŮƺҪһ㡣
ʯ꣬۽һæתȥƾҪ·ӣûע⵽ʯı顣
ףʯѣʲô˾̫ˣСѾͷ˶ٰңİ˵
ԣŮ΢΢һ㶣漴һŭĿһ۵ʯİǺˣǾɲɻʯѣ㣬ʶ
ȿȣʶʯϵĻش漴ҡҡͷֻϵı飬̫Ȼӣ


ʮ߻ ͨ
ιʲôвʶֵҺô㿴ع̰ɣɽˮϷǳأֻϧû̫õŮ޶ѡʯҪߣæڵ
ޣ޳ܣ
ɣ
һǳŮˣûһöŮһһ䣬ʯĿ⣬һⲻʯɫ΢
һɺԣʲôʱȥŮˣȥѰͼڡʯ΢ŭ޲ҸطȥоС̫ˣ
㿴Ҿ˵ʶɣƲƲ죬ƤЦʼ硣
ӺεȾ˼򵥼Ի飬Ϳó˾ʶƺϤӡ
ǼȻʯѵġѣ֮ǰ϶ᣬλʦþ˰ɣҲЩε˵ʯޱ飬ӡ
ʲôᰡСӽ·ʱ͵ϮСʦãġѽֱǴһŮ΢죬ŭŰ
ᣬλŮ֮ǰĳһʱֻСģᣬ㿴ɫһ¶Ӣ֮ɫָָʯ
λʯݣҿһ̣˾֮ˣύѣ
ȻҾ޹ݲе꣬ĳԸƱ磬ǲҵƷǾڻʯŵƷһʹӡ
ںԣֻܡ˵һҲСһûһáŮ޻û˵꣬ӵŭһ
Ǹˣʯţλѣ֮ǰֻᣬǲҪἰˣ¶ŵϣŮʵЩ⣬ٲҺ
ӣʯĳȻЩ飬Ͳλͬˣһ·ҲܰȫģǣʯΣ˵꣬æͷ·
ιʯȵҡһ䣬漴׷ȥ
ԭ׼£һѣǽˣΪεüˣ˭Ҳûʲô취
ȻʯԼͬУµ˫ΣٴοһǱӵʯӰĿһ䣬¶һ͵Цı顣

ιôǶԶˣ˿ǰʯӰֺһ䡣
Хһ
ʯתһȭһһǽǵȭӰѶ漴˦˦ۣһ֮ɫ
СӵۣҲ㣬ķҪҸ㶪۸ʯûķ˷ۣȻˣ
㣬ԾȰ㿴ŮȻǶ֣ӵŮƯҸоʵףӵ˭ƲƲ졣
Сӽ״Բ֮ˣֲŶǡʯЦЦƺ֮ǰŭɨԺ󣬿Ҳû
ǹɣƲƲ죺ϴǷֿپѾǺ۷ˣڽ׵˵ùȥû뵽üǰͽˡ
ô֪Ҽǰףʯһ߷ɶݣһ˵
ٺ٣ֹңҲ֪սŻԪǸϼһڡܻ˵
ʲôǶڣѲ֣㻹湻ѣʯһ
˰ɣҲѣһϷϼɽɾ˽ȥħҲЩɵ
Ҫѣǻ֣ܲһٸҪǱӮһڵ
ʯһɢˣǻҳ֣
ʲôһٴ˺üȥģֲ׼ƴüڻס߾Ϳˡʼ硣
ʯ̾Ϣ˵ɣҪ涯ɾûôˣһﻹġ
ǣżƳһۣƺĮСҲڣֻһӰһţû塣ɫ
ðɣ֮ǰ¾һʹˣˣû𣿡ʯʵ
ûҺֿþˣڼȥ̣ȥ˶ϻȣ˶ȥˡ˵ͷ˿˼Цĸ·
һṦ򣬶˺ȻǰмӰգƺЩأһµ꣬ԲԼһ۷֮˰Χ
ȻҲǴԲΪһϢȴЩ죬ԶԶʯ֮оâһ漴ֿ˿ΧԼˣ¶˼֮ɫ
˿˿ʯһۣһ׳ڵλʶ·
·ʯûﵽķĳֵĵزϢҲû鷳߲
ɳһξ֮ŻڵհҪǸ굱򣬺ܿͱ·ˣ
𣿡ʯЦЦ
ȻˣԼԪָűٺ١ʼ磺Сˣһˣ·ϼˣ²ؼ߸߹𣡡
ʯûж˵ʲô·Űպ󣬷ǰһƬƺһŻͨһӡ
ԶȻü汬֮಻
ƺͨ˰ɣٺ٣㵽ˣЦЦ滹֣ǵÿˣ𱻱˽ȵˡ
ʯ˵ͷ˶һᣬʱǴŻ֮ͨڡ
ɫһִǧɴСмʯ̨̳аֱ̳·ѻ׹ǡ
ʮӰΧ£ڼ̳ܣ׷׳ֹʮʯӳɵĻɫ֣˿ҲЭû˳û͵Ϯˡ
ʯ˿գǵǳĹţһһϸ޵̣еء
񲢲ܣһҲûУûаװĵطֻٵһʯ񣬷ѿľͨʯ飬ЩʯӦһְ衣
Ȼڼ̳ܺܶ˶֣ʯ֣ܹŻÿһŻмӰգϥûгֵ˼
Ҷϼ壬ŷ壬Լͷ֮˸ϵһͷ˽ûеȻʯ²ˣȴĹ˫Ϊλûе
ϼ¶ͷ֮˵ԶҲˣʯ΢Ƭ̺䷢ַҲڡ
˽̤ƣڴһǣ˵˵ЦЦƺʲô˼飬ʱɨһۼ̳򣬵ȴһ絭֮ɫѰġ
ʯۿ֮ʱȻɫһƺӦʯһֻۣЦЦǲʯ
һ̸˵ҲƮˣʼ磬˵ļ䣬۲Ŵûмų֡
ʱʯŻϼһ٪建˽û˿飬ɨһ۴ˣֻǿ֮ʱü


ʮ˻ 
٪ɨһˣĬ˴һǣ˳ֹ̳ҲǺӡ
ϼһﶼżٴ򲻿Ҳʡʡˣڵʯ˵ͷڴһǡ
ʱáӣԼλͬţȺĳڴ֮ʱͷһЦû˵ǸԷֿ
ʱ󣬴½½ɽһЩӰаһЩһʵʤٳ߰ˡ
ʱţʯּӰЩ죬ʮˣһӰǵڴ̼˶Խ¡
ڷ̣ʯ˫ĿһС
ʱĹŴ£ڴһԣҲûгֵ˼ֻ¶ϼڼ̳ܳ֡
ʱһŻϼһɳʮӰһɫսףֳֳǹȻ
һӵʯɫһʮˣν֮еƶ飬Ҳ֮оӢľӢ
֮ˣȻһҲûУǴԲڣˣĲǺ۷壬Ϣȹ̵ĺ֮ˡ
ţ
ʯѣ㾹Ȼȵˣ
ʱһŻзɳӰֱϴļϣԼ鳤˵ˡ
Щ˵ҲһҲûʧ׷ʯʳʶ̣ʯΪ˽һ֮󣬻˼䡣
ֻҪĿ⣬ȴǷϽõϣ
ǼݵһŮϽãĳţصȥתһȦֻϧ˵ǱȥĳһֱԵüһᣡ΢΢һЦΪѵ˵һ֪ӡ
Ƶѿˣ⣬ҽ㲻˵ǵʲôŮƵȷʵһ˲ţӢΣö΢΢һЦ˵˵
üö˻٣ʵĺӢǲõЦݣԼʣʵһ׽С
˷ȻסǷЦݣԼǰڳһ棬Ϊŵʣʵʯһһ㶵ģ䲻ҡͷ
һֲƭŮӣƤݼãټһƤҡʯƲƲ졣
˵ʲôţûʯֹʲôһ䡣
ûʲôˣǵôӳģʯڵ
ٺ٣ŶϺȷΣգѣȳߵģϼ嶼ûˣ˵ˡЦЦ
ʯѶϺͼʱ֣ˣһͬϺϼ峤أҼǵõˣ鳤ʵ
·ˣ۲ЩˣͨλҪСģǼ̳ȻûʲôΣգһ׹ǣǱֻɱߵˡ
Դһӽ̳һҪСģҪͷԣǾóʱ˳̳ڼ̳Ǹ̨Ϸӵģڳ˲ࡣ
ʯ˵껰ɨɨһЩͷ֮ˣԼ٪塢Ĺ˫Ц滢ǿŷԼҶҴ֮ˡ
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һӵҲ彻飬Ҳ˷һ׸忴˿Զɫһ˵
ӦǷԪֻҵɻĵõϽ壿ʯü
һ£ҡͷǴ·Ǹ£õ˵ҩȻҪ壬ǺͬģҪҶ̣Ȼ˴׷ԪҲᱻɱ
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֮ʱ½½һʯɨһۣа˵ӣӡ
Ǻǣϻǧˣͨģʮ֮һˣܳȥҲδ֪֮ġ̾Ϣ
ˣϴʱ򣬼̳ܿпݹǣʯһ䡣
ȻУݹǺܶࡣϵͷ
ͨڿʲôأʯʵ
ûʲôأΨһǼ̳ܽƹ֣ϴʮˣ٣ҲûôǿߣƲƣҷֽ̳ƣϴɶ˲٣յҲһЩϿڵ
Ŷ˵ǻϣƵƹ֣ǲ֪Ԫмţ˭ҡʯص
Ӧһţδ˵˵õţȻ⵹ҲȷģֻǴԣɫ
λѣĳ˵仰ɺã
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ȴͽƣҪרŵʦĸҲԴ˽Ƶƽ죬һЩ򵥵ƽ죬һеġ
ϣƽĵվԼƽ죬˴ЭʣµˣƽҵֻҪŶȻƿƣҲλһˡ˫ˬʵЦ
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Ϊ󣬴ģҲһס
ٺ٣Ȼ˵ƽ죬Ҳ㲻˷ó׳ˣǿ΢΢һЦȻóһ׸߽ƽ졣
˲ɵǰһһЩɢ޴С׷óƽ죬˫򵥵ķһ£ֳƽ죬Ͽգ漴
еһԸ׷׽עУе˷ֲڼ̳ܣ׷׼һ⣬Ĵ̳ƹֿҶȥ
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˹ԽԽأƽ˾ЧǼʵǿĴϣùҡβѣƺʱѿ
ʱʮʯųĿâȫע˻ɫ֮ڣ̼䣬ԭεѵĽƹ֣ȹ
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ƾȻ˱Դ֮ʮʯǱάգȻˣǼȻ䲻òñԴ֮ͺܿƵơ
ȻҲҪҽ֣һֱǻԳɹѾ̶ֳȣŸλֶġ
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ŷģҲӰ
˵껰ٴμ˼ȻûƴҲȫ֣˭ҲԸһˣһ﹦صĹ˻ɫ֮ϡ
߰ƽͨȻдСǸ֮ڶ࣬ҲӳС
żͬ飬Լϴżͬţʯ߷׷׳֣ʯҲǹһƷɫɽ
ʱ仺ţʮʯǿ˹ֽƣڶ࣬ټƽ֮ЧƹֵҲԽԽζĸ
ʱʮʯ΢΢ҡΣƺǺľһ˿֮޷޸ɫ֣Ŭ֮£ɫںȻһѶ
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ֳһƬңҽصҲһƣûгֻǱǹɾ˼̳ѡ
ڳΨһֻûɢģֻˣǱǷֽ⣬ǿޱȡ
ȻûƵҲǹϼ˼ʮ֮Զ˸һסΣңԶ̳
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ʯͫһ˫ĿֻСƿϲ¾͸Ԫˣ˸һȵĶŵɫСƿ
ԪԪ֮Ԫ֮
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·ڼ̳ƹѵͬʱյĳɫԽйһֱ⡣
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ʯۼһűԼһѪɫɽӭһնһնĹŲû鿪һΪŵ׹䣬ƺĿĲʯ
ףȻױܿƺһӣûʲôʯ˶ͻĹעʲô׷׶ܣüȥᱦ
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ۣ
촫ͬһʱ䣬һſǰĹţ׷׹䵽˵һ߾ʯ棬۵һûڡ
ʯϼһâ˸·𱻻ַ·ע˹һ㣬һֻֻ͹࣬׷ɿ
ҲЩ¶һĿ췢һХƼɵգ
ֹˣԥʯ񸴻̫ͻȻеֱӳȺһֻֻȺɽԳĹޣֱӽһ˺룬ҽжûü
ȺһţĻ嵽̳֮ʯæԸС˺󣬲ԼȴǶݹһֳһ޽ǰ̳ȥ


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ż̳˹ȥ⼸໥֮俴Ϥֻǳ嵽Ⱥֻ֮ɫһЩ˶ԵüСġ
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ʯۼӰ˿ǰܰģ˲Լͬķ๥ǰ߰ҡ
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ȻģԲʯ۾һֱֻɫСƿû˿գʯҲ׼ȡһ
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ʯٶޱȣ»ѣһ±ǳԽã֮ǰͻһĻ΢΢һ㶡
ڻԿʯֲٶȣЩʯ˫˿Ҳڵֵ˵ŭ𣬸ڲʯ
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޷Ƶ漴ż̳һȥֱĳԪ֮ƺӦ׷׼Ԫ֮Ķ飬̳ٴλս

ʱһƬʵĿռ֮ڣӰգһϾɲЩɻĴܡ
˷ֱʯӣãԼ˫
ĪǽĽڿռ䣿˫ܴţص˵
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һڣҲ˾ˬ·֮ǰڼ̳ϵĶսƣҲһɨյӡ
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ССĽռڣǿ֣˫ңҲһϣȫŭɫĳ˹ȥ
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ռԼսʯĿ֮ϣҪ֣ܻãȻҲǻܶѡ
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ʯĳҲҪˮ˫̷һ֮ɫĵҩֳһģֻһһԼؿڡ
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﹥˫ֻԳһ֣˫ȭһȥȻ֮ͬʱɣϯһ޷ֵϢʯȥ


ʮ߻ 
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Ǻڷ̵һֵҩʳ֮ŭԳศɣֲûɱֻҪϵһʱ䣬ɣֵҩĸü󡣡
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λֵֵѵ׼ֲɣʯһ㣬һص˵
ĳǺ棬˫кڷ̵ĵҩ˵껰æ㵽Զ漴ƱźɫԳԶ̹
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˫ɫԳ˫ĿâһȭӰ׵ر޽һնƣԳһХ
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ʯ»תͣ˫ɲǣʯǻһӰԶԶȥ
ЦԼһֻڽգʯоԼСӹǿϽڡ
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·ʯĸ־ͺܺýˡѧӦȿȣȻԼҲ֪ʲôӦ
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ʯ֪ӵĲ²⣬Ҳ״ΣΪʯԴʺţϾɻ֮ɫ
ʲôطʯɻĴܣǰһªéݣԱһôԶƺˮڵĻţһƬⰻȻɫ԰ӣ


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ʯ˿ܣֲûʲôΣУ漴֪ɨéڣҲûˣֻԼһ㡣
һĪĹ¶ӿͷʯаٰζ֪ΪΣԺиֳӰһš
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·ֻص˾ǰԼոƵģʯаٰζָľΣ齣ָмֱһ޶
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ֵʮ죬ûзκα仯ǰĵıչص

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ǰգʯľ봹˫ĿԼ˯ţҲЩڻ֮޷԰Ρ
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кȻֳһɫ㣬һŤţɫĲݵϣڷϣСϪԣ۳һɫС֡
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һЩΧŲʺתЩСңңңعŲʺ磬ߴߴиͣϲá
һЩСһûôˣֻСӸı죬ֻڵۿŲʺ磬ƺǶĳĳһ㣬ƺ̫ԶЩʧͼ֮ɫЩЭʯü


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˿̵ǧӴޱȣɫɴСӣɫҲнںһơ
֪䣬֦Ȼһֲֿٶȣ֮ƺﵽһ㣬ĳһȻâһһȭͷСĹ
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˶֦֮ϣ˸űɫĹϼһɫС⣬ʯ˷Ԫ壬㹻Ԫֻѹϰٶ𻨣ֲ÷Ԫʵ˿ֲ
ڽ׷Ԫ𣿡ʯ΢΢һЦȻ;ʹ֣ǳɹˣ򲻸ˡ
һ̣ʯо֮ڳȵͶ֮䣬ɻٵһɽ壬ƽһһ۷׾٣ϵĲࡣ
ԲɱҲʯо鳩ˬޱȣ·һһ֮䣬֮ڡ
̺İʯ̲סһХķ𵴵Χռ΢΢ѣ۾øӿأͷҲ쳣
һʯ׼ɵգһʯĶݹҪ𣬾һʱ򣬺Ȼоͷһǰһģ仯
ô£ǣ
ʯ̣ԼȻһֱéУʲô´͸ң⣬컹Ƭ죬ƻƬơ
ֻûпûԼ۳ɽ壬иûʲôɫʺ磬ҲûСߴߴ
ʯɲǣԼȻԲû˿仯֮ǰһУȻֻһλãⲻʯЦ


ٰʮһ ɢͤ
ʲôʯվΣ˿éڵû˿仯é⣬Ҳûĵط
ѵ֮ǰһУֻǶ⾳һֿ飿˵ҪûĲɣºͨġʯ˫ĿһУͨ˿飬оԼûлʲôô
ǣ֮ǰĽһĻȻǻһΡ
ʯ̾Ϣһо֮ǰ׵һĻʵڵԼʹУҲޱȣ·һ
ԣ
ʯ˫ĿһУ˼磬ȷʵԲɣ䲻˫ĿһУ¶Ȼ֮ɫ˫۽Цݻֶ
ٺ٣ȻûĽף֮ǰһĿ·侳ôӦĲͨȱɽĿ飬õĽ
ҪûĲ۳ɽ⾳ȻЭͲǿɷԪ׵Ļ룬ЩǼ䱦Ľ׾顣
˿󣬾ǰĵþ飬ҲԶԶԼһʵʣ˽µ뾭飬⾳ҲǴ
ʱһģһν߳ɰգʯһвɵÿ
һŷԪ˵֮ǰǽ׵Ļ󣬼ֵһЩ֮ԲڷԪ֮¡
Ǻǣ߿Ĳɵķȷ뷲˲ͬʫԣǸ߲ε⾳ԴȻɫЭС
ʵʫ߾磬Ҳ⾳Ǳֹ˿Ĳɶڽ׵⾳ԶԵĺôֻ뷲˵÷ʽͬˡ
ʯڴ󳹴ʣ۽翪ǰ벻ͨ飬һҲȻأʲôҲٿ棬ڵıʣ

ͬһʱ䣬ռڣ
һʯںڣٴδһɫֱҫ·ʯ֮ϣŽâתȻ۳˵̨ס
̨׺ƣҲ֪ͨδ֪ʲôɻĿһĻ׷¶ɲ֮ɫ
պ󣬷ں΢΢һҲһ·ԭеһ̨֮ϣ۳˵ڶ㣬̨׺Ҳƣź
պںڣںͬһģֻ۳ʯ׶㣬ֻʯ۳ʯףһЩҲӰ硣
ڽڵӲԣƷ׷۳ʯ׵һ̣ռٴη˱仯
һ
ƻ°գںڹܿХƬ̺󣬺ɢ·صһɢ¶Ӱ
ʯ졢á
ֻʯվм̨֮£죬վԵ˫̨֮£ڵֻǣ̨׶ϼ˸
˼ͬʱ˫ĿһУʯɫһʯ׶ɢ¶һĽ̨ͤ׵ľͷ
ͤмһ鵭ɫţپǿտյ
ǣЩɻһ䡣
ѲɣǱչ֮췴Ӧ˼˵
Ӧˣ֪Ϊǵ̨ײͬʯ΢΢˵ͷЩɲŵ
ǸݸԲ̨ͬײͬǰ״̬ƺ˶԰ıչˣ˵꣬߳
ʯ˫ĿһѸۼðȻ¥ݣ߹һ֮󣬻̤ϵڶ㣬߲Ľͤĵɫ֮ϡ
Ȼ£Բ΢΢ͷ漴̤ʯף߽֮ϵĽ֮ͤڣǿ鵭ɫ֮ϡ
ʯȻֻ̨ױȱ˶һ㣬ٶһҲ֮ϵ֮ͤУ˿мĵɫţϡ
죬û°ɣ֮ǰںھʲôһǵŵ
Ǻǣصģֻкûл£ʼֻľĥһЩ£һЩɽ
ȻЩС֣ҲûŪô£ǳһµľ֮У˷ܻʯ̨㡣һƽ˵ʾҪġ
ãϣչ˳Ҫ⣬һᰲΪػġ΢΢һЦ˵ͷ
ʯǱȽϳĬ֮ϣƽľ֮ǰʯƬռڿһ棬ǽ̵Լϱչ׼ͻƿ
˼ͬܵʾᳵ·¥ݣ̨Ĳͬûʲô𰸡
ʯ֮ϣչľڻָƽȣ׿˼׼ʾչأͻƷԪƿ˼ͬʱ˷Ԫ


ٰʮ ҵ
ͨڣ̳֮ϣ
һž޴Ľɫڼ̳ģ·̫ͼת֮һɲַָ޷
˷ַʧ֮һֱûŪô£һȾĸʱҲ˳֣׷׵ǵɫƿȡ
ĪǷˣһӰڵ
ôܣһʧˣ֣ŷԪ
Ҳһģ˵ƷԪġ
ٺ٣ţţҲֵܷùΪ˻Եƴƴߵس˵Ѿ֮ˡ
̶̵ĸʱǲܳʤߣܰȻҩģҲǷλΪʤߡ
뷨ͬǣʵ벻ܹɹ
ҲδأǿսңԤӦǾʤͻչأ˶ȻỢ񣬶˶ֻ֣ʣһˣʲ󣡡
˿˿ɫţ׷۲
̳ܴսҲӽβһﱻߣ̳ԶȻżɱΪ˱ҲΪ˳̳Ϊɱ˶ᱦ
ֻͨڵսԽԽ٣ҲԽЩϾ֮˷׷׶ŽɫĻ²⵽˭Ӯҡ

ռڣʱ仺ţתۼ䣬˱Ǿ˰֮ã
ڼۼ˱չأ׼ͻƿڹؼʱ̣׼ȸɵãȴǳ
ȻԲ̫أҲûȫָԸ赲Ŀ͹޷ɱ⡣
УֻҪɱãʣʯһˣܺý콫Ǵ˷ߣӣٴóֵʱⷢˡ
ʯͤâһ·ǰźһ㣬һֱɫСＤȻӳʵ֮£Ȼȵ·硣
Щشÿؼʱ̣ɫСﶼ֣ƺ˴ŮƻʧܣתҪɱӣȴҲ֮ϾнɫС֡
㾹Ȼͬģѵжĥɱ¿˿ӣߵ
ٺ٣ǵ˵ĲһлͿܶǳ֣һ¾ͱɣΪԱھѾʯѴɽףһֵֹģɱ£΢΢һЦ漴˿ɫС

һ
ʱʯ֮ͤڣܽâ˸һɹɰͷŶͶ㣬һԵѹ漴ʧ
ʯɫ΢ףͷϲ˶ĺ飬΢΢ƺڳĪʹ࣬ɫҲ΢΢Ť
ʯˣҲòȥãâβΪأܵʲô˺һ㡣
ؽҧӲʱһƺƤ䶯Ťǿֲ
һǰ˱ǿʼƿڣ˽ǷһЩ仯
ʯΧâԽԽʢ۽΢΢ʶͳ֮ڣһºĽ죬Ѿ˷츲صı仯
ǧң֦ﵽİٶ֮ޣɫҲǱǵ߰ɴС֮ۺֲ
Ϊǣʯִε֦֮ϣ˸âһƬ״ʢɢҫ۵Ľâ
ÿһ֮ڣ̺ŰۺľһųĿâ⣬˵ĶĿ
Ȼ뻷һģһʯһͬʱҲң֮ǰľ飬֪׷Ԫעؼ
˹̿Ƽ򵥣;ΣޱȣʯоҲǺüЩ;ֲסЩ۳;ɢ
ʯΪϵʱԺкȻһȻ˸ոľһéڣԼС
ȻʯҲȻ̫һҲѾ֮ǰм
Ժеéݣ֮ںһģһʯоǹ»طţѪɱˣһһĻĻޱȡ
ʯƾЩԼɱ˽кȻ޶ԣ⾳ȹ̣ᶨЩ޶ãƺûһ㣬˿ܴʯľ
ǰʯƺûôᶨľˣץ֣ӿ뻳Уʯ˫Ŀգ¶ҸЦݡ
ȴһϥʯϢԽԽƺϾҪһ㡣
۷죬һϢԽԽǿѳԲϢȻҲѾѹʯơ
СӾأԼġҵϡ޷԰ΣһСģͿ޷תѶϧˣ˿ʯû˿ϧ֮ɫ


ٰʮ ׻˫
ҵϣЩɲɫȻĿϢ΢ʯ
˵׷Ԫ֮ʱҵȽͬƿкܴΣգһСľпгƿʵ
˵ҵϲΪֲħѿһľУһҪ־ᶨ⾳ȹ̣ܲҵϣһͿ޷ת
ϣӲŵ˵ͷоҵϵĿֲ֮
˿ҵϲµģͻƿʧܻҪ£Ҳ֪жˣ˷Ԫָƿ޷ͻ
˽ʵĴڣһϢӦöѾͻƿھҵšص
ˣ䣬һԪǰĵã˵Щ˾Ҵҵ֮ѣҲ׻˫֮£ǲֲĽѡ̾Ϣ
ʲô׻˫٣۽һҲţ˵ҵΪһ׷Ԫ콵ͷ׻˫ϴ
˵Ƚѣعݻɣֱӽ֮ڣʵƿҵѣҲ֪жˣ׻˫֮£˵Ϊ˻ǿ߶콵ͷͨ˸޷ֵ
콵ͷ׻˫֮£һ˵һʧܾζһнҴġɫҲ
۵һ
ʱÿѪɫ԰ײѣһϢҲ½ԺԼɱĴڣֱֳú
ζҲ޷ܣüɱУȻҲɱ֮еˣѣˡ
Ժһţ״񣬺ҳֹ֮ˣо͸֧ϢԽԽȴҲɱ˵ˣϴŨŨĲʡ
ɫһǲ֪ҵϾʲôֻÿѪμɫ԰ײѣһϢ鸡ɫŤ

أһ죡
ֻͷ­˲ըѶֲನϯ˲䱻һɶڵͤҲⰵ
۽һ׷׺˲ѣನͤԶ˿
⡭Ӿɲ
ãӦҵ޷԰Σתˣƾǰʵǿη⣬Ҳ޷ӵùԼеħѿп
׷ԪʵڲףܹɹʧܼҴķԪҲֻôˣöʧܣ¸оԼûϣֱԷԪƿ˿־СӾ
뷨һΪħѿһԪƿ֮ʱħѿҵϵȰ㻹ǲҪ̫⣬еĿ־塣ЦЦ
һ
ʱʯͷռȻЩŤһ޷ݵĲͷŶԼ䣬ʯͷγһ⻷ʯͷ
ԭʯҸɫʧȡ֮֮⣬üͷҲ΢΢𣬷·Ǹվҵ֮ѣַһ㡣
ͷǵѼĹΣ˿˿ʯͷ­֮͸ȥ
ʯƺҵϣھ콵ͷ׻˫٣ϲͷֲع֮ݻġص
ǿ˿ʯ漴ɫŷ죬г˵ǣ·ֿסҵϵľ
ͬһʱ䣬ʯʶͶӰ֮ڣǧСʣҫ˸Ȼ谵
ɸߴıɫ֦Ͻâ˸ٶ⣬ÿһ֮ڣ̺ſֲ
·֮ӿȣ֦ʢĽ𻨣ÿһ𻨶ԴԴϵӦ
仯ּ׵˷ԪʯӰȴǱü
оնȹҵ֮ʱ֪ιʣڲϳĳڰ۳ţʼֻȭͷСΪͷ­ңѾɳֱ֮޵Ĺ
Źһһ죬ɫͬһС̫һ㣬淭ֲ̺ʯܹظо
ǽɫܣһָϸĵ绡žž֮дƻ˿ǿŻ
ǣ
ʯЩɲ˵֮ǰҵϣʯû̫£Ϊ֮ǰںھľѾľͼȹ̣ҵϡ
ƺǿǷᶨˣǿʵܷŹƻСĻʯоһᱻŹٵ
һ߼͵¶޷ʯܲĵģʵû뵽ֻͻһƿȻֽѡ
һ
Ź򻺻գƺҪȻϿգ֮ͬֱԵȥġ
ʯɫ֮ʣ߿մ¡¡һ֮ţһ죬һָϸ磬϶µʯ˹ȥ
ڰӭ籩ǣת˲仯Ϊϸܵ绡ƣʯ˫Ŀһһ֮£֦΢΢һһɫСҫ˿˿ڰ۳һɫСɽ
صһ졣
׻˰ɫɽ֮ϣɽ΢΢һ֮һɽ屻ıѶǵ֮ҲɢΪ⴩͸磬ʯ
ʯһ漴оûʲôƻֻ΢֮УָоһʧʯǾȵķ֣ǿȾȻЩǿԼֿ֮Ȼж֮Ч
ϧˣ̫С֮΢΢ʯҡͷп˵
һ
ƺʯһһȴϸ׻£ʯɫһ¶ϲ֮ɫŰɫɽһתӭշȥ
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һ촫ǰɫɽ壬Ǵ׳׻Ƿ׷ױѶɽ廯Ϊʧǵ׻Ϊâ磬͸ʯ
֮ٴγ֣ҲٴЩٵ֮Уʯһϲоȥ嶨Ȼһĵزֻ֮ЩСˡ
꣬¡¡
һ౬촫ʯµʱ򣬰бɷһƬһ̣ˮͰϸĿֲ׻ϯһɿֲƣʯȥ
⡭
ʯ۽һ˵Ҫǿ׻Ҳû˵ҪôǿģҲ̫̬ˣæ۳ɫɽֵա
صһ죬ɫɽֻ΢΢һǺȻһѶˮϸ׻ǰȻȻⰵЩ
Ȼܲĺʯ·Ҫʯ׻һ㣬ⲻʯһоԼЩװˣ²ҪЧҲϣ֮ٳֻ֣ϧ׻˫֮ΪܹƵģ


ٰʮĻ ׷Ԫ
ʯһ̧Ưİ׹ǶƼ漴嵽գ׳׻ϣһ𣬰׹Ƕһ
ʯæƽھעڶ֮У׹֮£ǵ׻ǺȻһɢΪâ͸磬͸
ʯü仯ٴһ֮ĵˮͰϸ׻ϯ׷ʯȥ
״ʯɫ΢䣬һ֮£ƯգǹѪɫɽԵֵһס
ʯ˿ɣ׻뱦ײһ𣬱͵ʯɫһЩѳֲס漴æֿ
׻ոɢʯĹ򣬺Ȼ䣬һˮͰϸĻڸ߿մڳֱʯȥ
ʯ˫Ŀһо˵ȻϢЩ죬ǿֲͨʩչ֣ʩչҲԶԶ⼸ߵ
֮ǰףѲ𣿡ʯ˼̫࣬һ޽У漴Űңңһն
ವһ
һ̼䱻һû˿ܶδ֣ʯɫһйӰֱֶһһնȥ
Ȼһ졣
һ߱Ѷ漴ǹӰҲɢһ߱׹ǶƵһâһʯȥ
̧һ㣬Ѫɫɽɵգӭնߣʯȫһ֮£߷׷ױѶΪâʧ
ʯԽҪǽ׵˷Ԫۺ̶Զǰ޷ֿ׻𹥻ڶǵ٣ʯȻҴ⣬ԸҲݡ
¡¡ۣ꣡
ʯ˼֮ʣ֮һ׳׻߰ߣǵصʯϯ
׻˫ٺϲ֮£ηĸоƺ̷һ㣬·ǸоΪͻƿС飬רɱһ㡣
ʯ۽һٿбգѪɫɽǹɫǶܣ飬ɫԲɫһѣ׷Ű׻֮ȥ
бͣһ׻֮ɢ߿մϽµ׻𣬽һɣʯԸоЩӦӲϾԵֿĸоҲʧ

ռڣ¶˼֮ɫȻ뷨ͬȴϣʧܣһ޷뿪ڿռ䡣
Ϊ˱оǳ⣬ʯɲһŹԼҪʯ⣬ӸоԼҲ˴ϣ˶ţл࿹
һ
̧ͷȥ΢΢һɫ˲ָƽƺǸոճҵϣţͷһɹɲΣһ˿˿Ѽͷ­͸ȥ
ڿʼ׻˫٣һҪ²źãڴвء
ʱ仺ţתۼ䣬һʱǹȥڶ˵ֱǶ꣬Ҳ֪ھʲô
ʯɫ̫ãʯɫ΢ף΢΢ͷ϶ĺ£һϢҲǺǿ
ʯ켸ͬʱһƺߣأƺǳĳʹһ㣬ӣԶؽҧĦ
ⲻѹҴһ£ȫעĶʯˡ
ȻΣʯЩ
ռڣʯŲ֪ڼ׻֮ʵЩֿԭ貵ĽɫСҲԽ޹⡣
֦͵֮Ҳṩʯ˿˴ģ֮ҲݽߣʯЩʣִᶨŹһ˿һϣ
ǵص׻ϯ·Ҫʯû˺һ㣬·ʯСȴһ㣬Ȼɫһ¶һַ֮ɫ
˫֦һУ͵ޱͷŶ׷׹עֱ֮ڣǹע˰еļ֮С
޺
ĳǹϼһΪһɫϯ棬׻ϯһ֮Ȼη
ţޡɫͻ̤ƵĿ룬һֻֻǻ޳ְգΧʯһ߹ܵ׻𹥻Աɲ׻֮
ʱţһϼԽеıɵԶʯھ͸Ʒ𣬶ǻ޿ʼܿͣȴҲⰵ
˴պ󣬵бﱻɵԶһֻǻޣΨһһ׻ϲ֮ʯȥ
״ʯڿݽϣɫȻңŸİ׹ǶƣȻߣʯȴЩƿء
˫üһʯۼһ׻ԼһҧģӰƴһ˿žʹ׹Ƕңңһ㡣
৵һ
ɫǶܷһ߶౦䵽˵棬һɽޱȣ޷ƿء
ʯһȣեȫŨŨһִڿŰɫǶܻǰ׻漴Ǻϡ
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һҵı촫׹ǶһǱԶԶغɣ׻ҲͬʱɢֲĳϯЩʯõӰ˺顣
ͬһʱ䣬߿մ׻֮ʧȫΪ͸ȫʯʶӰ˿æ˳ݽߵ֮ڡ
ͬʱͤڵʯ˫ĿһȻɫ԰ףɫһϢҲ鸡ԼȴǴһǿѹڲֱӡ
Ȼɫ㲣ʯȭȴǳϲ֮ɫ˷֮ɫһţ伱æȡŵҩһԵ̽У漴˫ĿһյĴָ
ʯѺĵ죬һƺߣɫȻһףҲЩһȵȥ
ʱȻ˫Ŀ弱æסӣûеȥȴǴ˷֮ɫƺЩŵӡ
ɨһʯüæ̷˼ŵҩչشָһϢƽȣҲָ
ɹˣӾɲ˵
ӣȫɹˣ֮ǰգ׻˫ټ£Ϊһ亹ȴ¶ο֮ɫ
ͨڣսӽβ
̳ȻмӰȴûʣһͱһգ̳ԶˣżᷢһЩĦ
еǳɱ˶ᱦеᱦϣöϻ֮ϽչһЩ˶Թһ˻ද
ȻҲ˶ڻ񣬵һȱס˼˼ɵײ䶯֡
ǽȥһˣٲ뿪ϻˣ˶ʱڣǲǷõҩףᵤҩϲֻһ˰Ȼ߳Ц滢ǿ˵껰۾һ׷׶ż̳ĴĽɫ


ٰʮ ֱ
ͨһ죬ռڣǹȥһʱ䣡
һգϥʯ˫ĿһбĿâʵʰĴ͸֮
ȭ֮£оڳȵı׻˫ϴ񣬱ǰ֪ǿ˶ٱ
ͨԲʯȫһ֮£䳹״򱬻ɱҪʹãʯԼţԪ֮Ȼ˿ֲ
ֲ޷ħԪ֮ʵڿֲֻҾ壬ҺӦñԪǿһЩҲԴͨԲ
ʯ˼뵽ʮ⣬ħʯоһϴôңٲ޻֮Ҳְա
ָϴĵҩʳһϢҲָ۷壬ٴγӯ֮ۺ
֦׳ͦΣǵðǰٶ𻨣ҲԽֻ֮Ҫ˷ԪɫỺʢԽԽ࣬ʵҲԽԽǿ
ɫǱǵʮңϼǰʢҫ֮ڣɢ͵ɫΣ쳣
һſǣҲǱüҫ貣һһķĹ⣬ۺڵ沨׳֦֮еĺŵĽɫҲſγһɫС
ÿһ֮ڣ̺ȶܹģ־ֱ۳һֻ桪֮
ֻֻзԪܹʩչԶһЩͨԹҪ󣬶Ըף׳Ϊ
ֽԸͬ׼Ч󣬱ϾԪÿ˶ʩչͺ񻯺ʩչһ㣬ڷֲܿԸͬ׻㲻ʲôķͨǲʩչȽġ
ҲһǴҪһص㣬ǿҩý¯ػ𣬸߶ֻʩչ֮ɳ־ȹ̵ģκγȻҩǱزٵġ
Ϥһ磬һ֮ʯ¶Цݣһ۵һһӰСɫС
ҡҷڣȻ󣬵ʯ˿ֻôһŻ磬ԪϾ޷ֿ˲仯ɻҡ
ٺ٣˵ŻʯҪߵĴһЩȻ䣬о΢΢һ𣬽ռڣƺѹԼԵ
ţ½ɫŹϼȻΪһöɫƮڰգдһЩС֣ƺڽʲô
ʯһȫ֮󣬽ɫ۵һɢʯλһɫ㣬͸ʯڣоĸ֪ģƺһ㡣
ʯһЩɫС֡
˵ϻڣ޷ɷԪڣĳֽƷԪöʱѹƷԪϢʵ֮޷
˶ս޷ʩչԪʵֻܷӳǰԲԱ֤֮˵İȫԲᱻ˵عĨɱ
öҲʱƣֻѹʮ죬ʱһԪϢ©ɣʱܷӳԪʵ
ԣ֮˱ʮ뿪ϻȣҪ뿪ϻΧɣΧûʲôϾ½ҪΧ
뿪ΧֻҪʱ䣬ʮ޵Ǻܿԣ㹻ϻˣʯ°ͣ˼˵
ɫѹϢЩȱ㣬ǾòҪ˶֣ǣ̫󣬺ܿƿ˲ָԪʵ
һΧָʵǱ뿪ϻȣʮ֮ɢгƷӡǽ֮ͻܵɡ
شϢȣճֱӱ˵ʮҪ뿪ϻȣһ˶֣˵ıԼ
ʯü漴̹ȻֻҪʮʱһɣԪʵлָʱԼˡ
Щʯ
ԶҲͬһĻɫŻڣϵ֣ҲȻ˽Чȱ㡣
ٺ٣öķѹϢڿռ䶼ȥȻһͨǱȻ΢΢һЦ漴˿ʯ
ǺǣϲѣǴӦĺǾʯһ˦ǾԶͤڵķ졣
л˫ĿһǾ֮󣬱ǿ˿Զ¶һϲãײҳ֣Ʒķӡ˵˼ֻĹɵ
Ƭ̺ʯĿһתʯ̨տյȻ֪öɽʧҲп
һǿߣķȴ³Ҫ˳ƿ»ңʯĸо׷ԪѶȣһҲݡ
ϧõķԪˣϵıȡɡ쵥һУͤڵԪָȻ˿
ףʯ΢΢һ㶣һ֮뿪̨ϵͤҲɵգ뿪ͤɲǣͤͬʱâ˸漴ʧ
žһ졣
öԪָڵ棬쵥һУŽԪָУʯĵ˵͵ͤػͱ
ȻʯԹйصĹأȫʯѣö飬ԼʯЩ׻𾧣Ӧ繺ġɫһ˵
Ǳлˣʯһ˽Ԫָд洢һԵȡ˳һأʯöʯ𣬽Ǽй֮
ƷʯһûٵȡһһҲûж
ǺǣʯȡϣЩĳͲˡ΢΢һЦһ֮£ƷһգϿտյ
˽֮ȻߵıֵߣʯòϣһЩʯԼԹ콣ȻԸһ㡣
ǼöʯڣصһЩγɣԹʵʯ˲ѣЩԼôΪʵʣʲôģʯûں
ʯǰǿ뿪𣿡ӽŵһ䣬ʯ΢΢һЦߣ¹ϼһһƬƽи
ʯѣӦöйǣ֣ܶӦûʲôôˣ罫ȥ˵ֱɱ΢΢һЦ˿û֮⡣
ҪʯǰǴӦҵģֻҪ͵Ϯǣͻ뿪
ɫһ˵¸ԸʯǰĨȥ䣬ʯǰҳȥ˺ɽԸΪʯǰţԶǰߣʯǰ·ʯԣɫһ¶˼֮ɫ


ٰʮ Χ¼
ϻȣʯ
߰ʮڵ棬ЩȺеǵԶЩСĽӦԱ
ԪϴˣڵüͷҲ֪˼ʲôЩǵӡ
ʱ䲻ʱӳһЩߣҲֻǱ׷ɱɱ˶ᱦ׷еǱ˻
ʮʱ䣬˽̸Ԫ׷׹۲ϼĹȵֿڵΪƣ¶ҲĿⲻƵӡ
ĪǣкıԪһ䡣
ϣǰɣȻһѣڱûǾ͵˻֧֣һԺҲʲôչÿˣҲڵҵġһϵǵ
ҪŷҪϻȣһðյģʵ̫ҪˣֻҲ˩סŷչ˭нϻѰһԵȨԪҡͷ̾Ϣ
з磬Խ׳ⲻ֮˶ϣڶϻڳ֣ҲǲܵġһҲЩ
ǺǣΪγüģѵڵĹţİɣԹŵͷԣһΪĵģ˵Ѿõ˷Ԫٺ١ϼһϿڵ
˻ã˵һ˼档
¶ЦЦǺǣ̫ǫˣҿҫȻлã˺֮㣬ºʲôΪ
ˣһĳϣӦǹɽĹ˫ϣȻúҲЩġ֮˵
Ĺȴ΢΢һЦλ̧ˣͨڵͨûƿ̳Ҳ֪ûзԪģǽԽԽ˵οԴˡ
֮ǰЩʯȣͨԵһЩڣֹԪֻЩʯҶٵҲַܳԪˡ
ϣֻʣͨڵļ̳ܴܲȥ˵֮£طҲδزܵõԪʯź֮ʵýȥ̳˵ҲطõԪġ
ٺ٣̫ܵõԪãȻĻҵҲҪһԪ֮Ǿ͸Ưˣٺ٣
һλЦ˵ЩЦ滢ǿļ֮⣬ײˣһɱİգΪԸҲеˡ
ԪһߣʯȻ֮㣬δϲȥ̳ģҶϻֲ֮ͨΨһܵأط˵зԪ˵ңһͨ廹Ҫܵء
ŶǿɹϲˣǰǹܻųĻ֮һЦ˶һۣ׷·Ц֮ɫ

ͨ壬ͨڣ
̳ܣ˶ֹͣڻŵģҪôʵǿĴڣҪôһЩСü˱һţ˸䶯֡
̳֮ϣȻǼλǿߵĵ̣ŽӰǿ˫Ŀ΢УĴɫ򣬻٪üͷ΢壬һ˼֮ɫ
岻֪ʱֳּ̳֮ϣվһƺʲôվһԣʱʱ¶֮ɫһ
ȿȣȻĽЦɣ۵ۣȥΪܵӡ
мź֮ĿԣȥЩӣ˫ͷֻ֮ǰ˰֣˫ٻעתĴɫ
˴˿̣̳ϻŵģֻʣʮ˶ѣǿܣڵ֪ˣһʱȥˣ֪˭˭ҩ˭֣߸ûеҩ
ûеҩ̫ܣ˵ؽأ϶еҩԶطõķԪҪǿ»ԵҲ˵ġ
ˢһ¡
Ȼ䣬ɫ΢΢һһлγɣںģҲţдϼһӰֶ̤
λȻšɫһҲ׷ײĿ
ôѿϣɣЦЦҪڣٴһӰֶʯƾٳֳֵɫƿ֮ˡ
ǵõһشʵ½Բȡɫƿ׵ᣬֻ˭ûϵ
ٴγ֣ƾȻҲ˴룬ֻûлָΪѣⲻ̶һʱ䣬֪ġ
Ȼ˿ɲƣǹ֮ǰõĵɫƿ
˶ŽɫΪ˳ֵʱֻǿɽɫ΢΢һȻ۵һɢɾͳˡ
ô£˫žȻûг
ʯ֮˶ˣþȻˣ˫Ȼᱻ£һɲоʯ֣Ҳѻɱ˫á
ӣǵʵǰԺԲˣ
ɽѣô£Ҫǲ˵º뿪ˣһ󺺿˿ӣ˵ȵ
Ȼʯ۸һ˵Ľɽǿġ
ٺ٣ɫƿ˫ߣǰȥ׷ͬʱʧ˱סһ꣬סһ࣬Žҳ˳ôûߣɽɫ̹Ȼ˵Ȼʯǰŵ˵
ʲô˫ʧɫһȻʱʲô仯ʯˣȴֻ֪һѡ
ৣ
ʱ˲ԼͬһʯΧסһ㶣漴ʲô
ѣǸʲôĳʯǿɱ˵ʶĳһʯߡ
סķҲɫһ䣬ӽɽɫǿ˿ֿ˿ǼˣһԲա
鳤ʯѣλ£ѵӣսףֳǹɫصĿŶˡ
ҵܹ֮רԪ֮ǷԪ˭ӵзԪǶᵽ֡ɫ
Ͳ˼սѵ壿ʵ
ѲҪ£ΪӦ֪ŶǵĹأҵֻϼ£¶ԷҲò֡ɫ
øȻʼȻˣҲͿ䵽˭ϰɡһ˴Ц
ǺǣԭǣִѲΪѣҲǵѴʯĳڲ޷Ԫ
ҲûУǵȷ˫ˣѾ͵档ʯ˵꣬Ҳ˵ͷ
Ҫʵӡ޷ӣͳִ򷢵Щˣ±ΧһΣյ飬÷Ԫûüʵͱɵǽһôķ̣ȴ޿κΡ
˵ûУǿ޷ŵģⲢʲôֻҪ뿪ϻȣǾȨᣬȻ˵ûзԪ˵þҪԪָˡһ˵꣬˫Ŀһ˻ˮ׼


ٰʮ߻ 
ѲҪҵԪָʵ뿴Ϳģüһڲ׶Ȼ
Ǻǣô鷳ֻҪзԪԪָڣҲܸӦֲ
֮ǰҪǵɫƿڽڿռ֮ڣĳʩչˣֻ֮ǰҺҳ֣ĳһֱûлᣬҲǻΪж׼ĺֳ֣졣΢Ц
̽飿ߣҪʯĳзԪҪʯü
ʯִǱ߽ͬΪǾԲᶯ㣬ʯзԪȴ뽻ǾͲܹǶˡ
ԷģǾԻᾡ˺㣬ϾǶִǣҲܸ£˻Ľ΢Ц
ߣǶ֣ȻͿɣҪǸ·Ҫڳϼգǿ¾Ͷ߲ˡɫһĵӡ
˵ԪΪΪˣһЩǰ֣ʯʵûлָ֮ǰȫֽĨɱ
ʮ֮ΪԶָʱǶ˵µĿʼԴ˿̣
ãǹȡһöɫ˦ڰգƾһ㣬ɫƵҽɢΪƮա
굥һĶͷһͷŶ漴Ϊһ׹ɫڣֻ֮һ𣬽ɫ㻺Ϊһֻɫ񣬴ȭͷС
ɫһ֣Χŷʯ裬ʱڼʱֱۣԪָڷ費
ףѰ徹ȻóѪϸĿһɫС漴ȵ˵
ǺǣѼʶ㣬ĳ˵ŹżͻƷԪƿԹʲΪѰҷԪ΢Ц
ǺǣѰȷ趯Ѱˣ廹ǱȽǵġ˵˵ͷҲϵôĴ䡣
Ƭ̺󣬽ɫ뿪ʯ죬תӽɽʱش߷裬ƺڸо֪̽ʲô
һյ蹦󣬽ɫ뿪ˣصУ۵һٴλΪһöɫ
ѣʯѣĳеλ¡˰֣⼸һǲٰΧʯˡ
Ҳҡͷ̾Ϣ׷׸пҲڰΧ죬üֻ̾һмʧ֮ɫ
޷ʯĳִѴңҲҪͬѡ񣬼ȻûʲôˣǲҲ뿪ˣʱ䣬ϻ½Ҳر˰ɣʯɫ
˵ز˾ȳɣ忴˿ʯǵ˵ͷ
ʯѣڣĿ˿ʯһЦ漴¼ֵ̳Ǽ̳ܵĹޣٴαʯ񣬰һſâ˸
ֻڼ̳ܣٴһѰ׹ǣʯǰ˵һ˼̳֮֮
ֻ̳Ĵ̫ͼųڰ׹ϼҿת΢΢һڰ׹ϼֻ֣оһѣΣʧ˴֮ڡ
һĻˡ
źڰ׹ϼɢ¶˼̳ϵĳԭʧƵĽƹָ֣ٴγһƯգǷԪ֮
ڼ̳Ĵ̫ͼ֮ϣٴγһţһֻɫƿţ˸һʱһ޶
ΨһͬǣʯһЩƣ̳ٴ˼߰׹ǣ쳣Ҳ

ĳƬ֮ϣ٪գһɫ԰ףǴѪߣܵشһֵĿ
һʬ壬Ǹá
㣬ѵǴ˵еսܹã¸ֵ̧֣ܶ˲֪ѣҴģȻҲǴԲڣǰȴǿధ
ߣĳֵһ̣ע³˵Ż̧Զһ㣬߼æתӶݣһƷ
صһ졣
һɫ޴ֱӽҷɵԶصײߵϣҽжûüǻΪһѪ
û˿飬б˵ԪָǶݹһԶȥһĹ·һƬ֮ʱ΢΢ü
ºαضزأȻôãһ˫Ŀâһ·ĳ
ǼǵòƺһԪ֮ķɽ֪ɷø£
ʱ·гһӰ£һʮӣ˫ĿһУǵڼ̳ϼİֻ꣬ǵֲûʲô֮
ҪĳıҪ׼ߣ÷ϻһ˦һɫ޴ְգ˵Ǳ߶ǷǸмҲȽϳ
һһ֮£һɫɽȻҲֻһƷȴǺ˪¶ȼ½ϯźɫ޴նȥ
صһ죬ɫɽ΢΢һ𣬵ûԤһɣ޴ȵˣⲻ۽һгּɵ֮ɫϱҲԽ
Ȼ㲻Լֻ·ˣٺ٣˵껰ǳȥƺ׼ƴ֮

һ棬һݵѣιʯȻ˫ĿһƬľԸת״һܣ䷢Ȼ뿪ͨû뿪ϻȣȻΧ֮С
ѰˣڲλãҲ֪ʮʱ䣬ܲҵõڡʯ˿ܵľɫЩ
ԼϵķʱƣѪҲ֮ǰǰֱһߣ䣬Ѿֳ״ƺܿҪγԲˡ
Ӿ½òʮʱ䣬Ҳ֪˱͵ôˡʯ̾Ϣһ漴ĳȥ
һ·ʯϢⱻʲô޶ϣ֪ʱţ̽ѰܵĻֻҪҵһϤĵطʯܺܿĳΧ
СպʯȻоĳڴ򶷣̽Ƭֻ̣֮ˣƺһҩ
ʯݹһԶ˷ȥһṦ򣬱ǳϿգһԲڳ֣˽䱸֮ɫĿʯ
λ֪ΧĳڻжԶʯɫƽһ䣬˲⡣
Χڰֱ࣬߷ɶݣ;أƹȥǾǴǸġһӰ֣صʯֻ·˿н䱸֮ɫδˡ
лʯ˹֣ü½ʱرգλǾ뿪ĺã˵껰ʯˡ
һתɶݶȥʯ˶֣Ҳʵڲ֣򽫻ἫΣգʯ֪ǣкüӰڵȴʯ


ٰʮ˻ µǸ
պ󣬶ϻΧΧĳڸһɫӰڰշɶţǶһ˵ʯ
Ƭƽԭʯᳵ·һΧʱ򣬾·˵أƽԭǳƽֻ޶ûУ˷ջ޴ʯЩļȥһջ
Ҳ֪ϵˣϣƽ°ɣʯ˿Զϻ¶Цݣвʱ䣬ͿԳΧͨΧˣҲصıؾ֮·ˣ
ಣ
Ȼ䣬ӰԶһһ㣬··ٵĴڣ߰˵ӣʯΧ
״ʯϲ͸о˸ˣΪ͵ЩᾪЩˣǻǳˣҪȥֲܲ·ʯ״̬޷֣ƹȥˡ
λҪɱ˶ᱦʯݣλҪǲɸ꣬ʯĳ뿪󣬾ԻÿһʳԡʯΣ˷ԪҪĵ˵ʵ
ǰǴԲھˣڣҪ涯ʯоûʲôգϾ㶯ܲ־סˣԱｻίȫ
ó˼׷ɲҪˣǡ֮Уһ۴󺺿ڵһԲĴڡ
ʯߣڱƵ̫ΧһСĳƷӡֻҪ¶ԪΪȻᱻĹ֮ɱ֮ࡣ
뿪ΧӵΧʯҲ׶ΪǽɫдĺףȷʧЧǿгƷӡȻҪܷشʯʲôطҲ׳ˡ
ʯĳʳԣºǿȥңÿһ׷ʯɫһڳŷı顣
ţȻ˵ģΪܻ¸Ԫĳ£ǰԪĳǰ΢أ
ݲǺ㲻Ϻ˲𣿡˵ŻһŰ£һ֮ЦԶƺʶʯ
Ԫ٣Ȼ㣿ʯһ£漴ǲ³˴š
Ǳ٣û뵽ٰɣٺ٣ҾõˡԪЦһ
ԪٰôƣѲרΪ˵ʯĳʯоʵЩǳ𣬵ڽΪһͼڣλٳû뵽Ȼ׷ϻ鷳
Ǻǣ̫ԼˣԪĳհ꣬˳·﹧һû뵽ĵȵˣ̫ˡ
ϴԪĳǸҪݻɱңֻҪ¸ԪĳǸ˵һãһԪٹһЦԺѾ뵽ʯĵĻ棬ˬ
ʯͫһ¶ŭݣڵͲɱңʯĳ뿪ȥ鷳
Ŷѵ㻹ΪԼܻųȥ㵱ֻǰ費ɣΪƣǲҶ֣
ϣˡҿ쿴廤ӣޣΪϻʲôطŻ˭ԪװһҺµӣ漴ķ˷ۡ
ʼΪʯԼЩˣӦŵƨĹģһԼǸԼһӣͻԥĽɱ
ֻϧʯȻɫأһֱûʲô֮ɫԪЩץ񣬺ãװɫ浱Ǹ費ɣ
϶֣˭ܽɱصǺø׸ÿµĺôٶ⽱ƷԼ񣡡Ԫ˵껰ǻˡ
ȻԼ֣ⷢ⣬ʯһʱԼȥǲŹ񫡣
Բڻһǳʯӽʯ»âһ˲Բڱȥ
һ׳һЦ֮ģһ֮Զͬ飬˺´ȫһ֮£ʯˡ
˸һӴʯ˫ȭֱԲڶԺһȭ
졣
һԲֱӱǱʯСӣҲ̶ãɳһ׷ɵԶֱȥ
һ۴ֱ۵ѶΪһѪ֮ʵͬǿ˲٣ֻǱֱۣһĶϱ۴ѪֹסѪâһһոµֱ۶
ʯһȻԼ̫Լ÷Ԫ壬ܹģȻڱѹһʵ廹ܷӳ󲿷ġ
ʯȭһ֮⣬ҪǻǰԼ֮ǿһжҲͬʱֱ۴򱬣һȭһԲĻȥ
ʲô㣬⣬ôܣĳ֮Ҳж֮Ҳܴﵽֵز⣬Ѿﵽ˷ԪϹֵʵˡ׳壬˸
Ԫɫ΢䣬Էһ֮£شһͬףһͬףסˣҪȥ˿»ߵĻᣬϾѾη塣
ҲҪţֻ֮ǿһЩֻҪԶ̡ԪٵĻû˵꣬һҽУһǰڳһѪֺ̼촽
ж쿪⣡׳һӦԸֻ֮ԵʩչһֻϬţǻޣԴʯɱˡ
Ȼ˻һھ޷ˣ˭Ҳ֣ƺĵһʯŭҲʯõ˴Ϣ
ʱϬţʯ۽һԼ׵ƽʱԲˮƽ޷ӣǿļƵֿ
صһ졣
ƵɣϬţҲ΢΢һʯ޼ƿʩ֮£ֻӲͷƤһȭ˹ȥ˲һ֮ӲǻޣǴ̫񣬻
صһ죬ʯŵŵŵĵ岽漴סΣǶϬţǻޣȻʯһȭѶ˾
Ȼܡ⾿ôģδ˵֮޵еĴڣ׳ɲȻʯɫ΢׵ĵ˺ü׳ɲΪʯˡ
Сģֻǿᣬǻ޶޷öƵס֤ĶʵܺλԿ
ǹƽģǿȵ壬ָһͨһ츳ҿϣԪٸоԼԼ۹̫ˣһ۾Ϳʯ㡣
Ҳоˣͨһ㣬Զ̹׳ƺҲʯ㣬ЩȫԶ̹Ҳʵʯһġ
ʱԶʮӰͷһòӢŽ۵꣬ʯ֮΢΢һ㶣漴һ֣ʮӰһԪǼ°Χ
٣㣬ߣ֮ǰҲƽϣô²ɣԪһ
ٺ٣ϴ˵һɲǽǣ۸ĳѣ֮ģ΢΢һЦ˵Ԫٶʱɫһ䣬ϾԷ̫ࡣ
ٺ٣˵µǸʯĳһʯһ¶Ϸ֮ɫĿԪ١
Ԫѹֱ԰׵˫ȭգоʯôôѶԸΪʲô˵ԼԼԤȫһԼµǸЦȿȣðˣúǰ


ٰʮŻ 
ʯȥͨɣЦʵ
ôһֱûǳ֣ʯʵ
ȥܵأһЩʱ䣬ڵõһԪ֮ٺ٣Сġٿ˿Ԫ٣¶Ϸ֮ɫ
ˣͨ˵ﲻ٣ʯҲõһԪ֮ɣʵ
һûԪ֮ˣʯ̾ϢһԼһֱԪ˸ûȥʲôԪ֮ʯҲû̫⣬Ͼ˲̫̰ĵġ
Ԫٿʯ˳ԣȫԼһߣԼúõļƻô֮ǰ뵽ְ취Űʯ
ιûꣿǲǸˣԪٲͷ˵
ߣʯѵҪ㻹ûأ˵߾ߣٹһЦʯ˫Ŀ΢еĿԪ٣Ҳ˵
ߣãʯѣ˷ԪĳˣǸ
ˣϡ˵֮꣬˺ôЦ
㣬ǲҪ̫ԪŭһǰԼǸԼĵڶΣԼĵһΣҲǸʯ᲻̫ˣԺĴ
ˢһ£
ʱԶݹ⣬˽ţЩҩζͣûͣһ£ֱƹԶڷȥ
һһʮ꣬һ£û˿飬˰գɫƽĿˡ
ʯ˫ĿһУǵԼˣȵʱ򣬴˿ǱԲһ۷֮˰Χ˵ģȻȻɼʵ͡
ͨڼ̳֮ϣʯӡҲֻûǰԪԪֵ֮ʵҲһ㡣
Ҫʵ̫ǿ˭ֻԪȥһϾջģܽ׷ԪĵҩԪܹ֮ġ
ʯѣʶٷִ˶ʯ˵һ䡣
йһ֮Ե㲻ʶʯɫҲڶԼ
ԪһϲƾԼרҵҲľ鿴ᵽĲƣҲģԼģԪٲɵĶͷ
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ﶼʯĳѣµĻ˵޷ʯüоһϢЩ죬Լʺ϶֣Ǳ鷳ĺá
ٺ٣Ȼѣ͸µȥˣ޹΢
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λǽٳԪٰɣתһ䡣
Ԫ˫ĿһƾԼΪľ飬˵ĵˣǾԼսѣˣôҲˣԪٸ᲻ȤԼҲ˸ˣԷʮˣ򲻹򲻹
Ǳº⣿Ԫзȵ˵
൱ȻסˣʯҴɺã˵һԲѵĻ
ЦˣҪԼٵɱ㿪Цܻܲ뿪˵֮£Цˣ˲ˣ˭һѣҪԪٹһŵı顣
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ʯü˲ķ裬оԿֲʵǰ߻˵ҪǺߣڳԼɾΣˡ
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һǰһȭͷһƮƮ˹ȥâһһ
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һѪɳܴŬǱƤ˿ڴһƬһ֮£ŵ׹ȥ
ʲô˫ĿһһɵһԲ
ҿ쿪⣡ʯæڣǳˣһжԲͽס
ʯͫһһֻɫ룬ɶٶȣ˫ԸԼĶȻ˫һʲôרҵޡ
Բڿ⣬һ˵һǣһֻͻְգХһһ˶ȥ
һԲһ˦һɫ޸ְգӭ籩»ΪСϯһƿ֮ȥ
״˫һΣǰȻֳһƣ漴סɫ޸ţ˫ǰһһзɵգͻһͷ˽ȥھûκηӦ
¹ϼһ˲Բڣͷ΢΢һתǽԲУѪһ棬˦˼׹ǡ
ʣһԲһ¶ŨŨľɫֻɫһһȣȭͷҶȥ

ʯæкһ֮һᣬ»â˸ȭ֮±ȭͷصĺһ
صһ졣
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꣬ûʯԤ壬ֱ۶ûбѿ岽֮󣬱סΣ˽¶֮ɫ
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۽һϳŨŨɻ֮ɫ֮ʯ˦˦ȭֱۣн¶֮⡣
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ԪǸ𾪣ʯ֮жֲԪٸղſǸոռʶģһжЩͬ״Բ򱬡
һһȻ£ǶԷ֮жǿ仯ô󣿹ôࣿԪٺȻԼúõ
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صһ졣
һȭӡֶ󷭷ɲѣص˴ԲϣһƺߣһѪɫ˲԰ײѡ
Ԫ٣Ȼ࣬û˴ԲսӦӦ˰ɣɫƽ˵Ԫ۽һĵ˵ͷһ˿ɫ
ವһʯºâ˸һ󷭹кԶڷɶݶȥֻ۷٣ΪԷʵʵֲ̫
Ҫ⼸˻ɱⲣȻǰ첻ˣԷߣûסȻԼȺΣգʯҲûиõѡ񣬹Ȼ߰˵£Ȼݵĳ˹ȥʯ׷ѡ


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ʯѡٿʯԶݶߣȻ֪ǵԼʵ˿ֲоʯԽ׶༪١
ǿȥ׷ٰ˰֣׼׷Ԫȴ΢΢һЦ½
ٺ٣ߣҲԪĳǷͬ⡣Ԫְҵİ취ˣԼȥʯ
Ϊ⼸ˣסǣɫһ塣
ٺ٣ԲˣһдԲ£Ȼ˶࣬޷Ļǣһʱ仹ģʱ׷ȥֻǼһʬˡ
ȻҲɳǰȥǾоɳܰæ𣿾µķһ˼Ҷ֣ߣ
Ԫٸݶôľ飬ԼȻƣΣգ෴סԷܽпʯ˸ɵ
֡˵껰սȻ࣬˴Բ򣬲ռƣս

һ棬ʯ߶ƶݷһɽǼɿ⣬ٶޱȣ֮˲֪кʯһߡ
Ȼ˵ʱһʯȻܽ˦ʯ⣬Ҽ̫ʱ䣬̫󣬾п粻ȣѹΪĽɫͻ
һСǰƷӡǾǸشʯһ̵ֱ͵ȴʮн⡣
ڻΧһ̫ನ̫ƷӡشĻᶼûУͱΧĹ֮Ĩɱˣʯܲµģ
˿ԶʯͷԭķΪ˴ǿʩչһλƶݷ˲䱻ư
һģ֮ʯӰʧͬһʱ䣬Ҳ֪ԶɵһƬϿգʯֶԶģĿԿƬǹľ֣ʱڡ
˼ʯ»˸ٲ״߶ƶݷԶڼȥ漴ȱȻתʱ׼Ϣ
ٹ죬Ҳһ㣡
ʯӣ÷Ԫһ׷ɱʵ̫ˣǸķûĻԼҲҴӽڿռ
һĹʯ˳ĳΧһΧͿмӰƺ׼·٣ʯûйǣ»â˲˹ȥ
֪Ҫ٣Ӧô죿һӰ㶵ĿŷԶʯ༸ʼ磬˭û»ķʹĶ٣
׷ã϶סˣٺ٣һ˵꣬˵˵ͷ׷
һṦ׷˳ӰĽΧһ񣬱ǳֹ
ڶϻΧӶݵʯɫһо˴֪ͷŶ걻Ǽһסգۼ͹
˵ʵǱ̬Ī˵˫ǣǶ֡ʯǰ׼õĲȱת֮£һϢ
ܳΧԪϵ˻ϣʱӡҲ⿪ˡ
ʯһ˼漴һתǳŶϻȳȥط˹ȥģ֮£ʧ
ʯɲΪǼһס꣬˽Ǽ·֮˺󣬶Ȼų׷ȷҲԼʱصϻԼҪȥ߰ʱ䡣
һԼֻҪΧҸĵط죬ӡһǱԼʱ򣬿Χҡڵ߳ȥչȭţЩ϶ԼʯҲںʲô
Ϊʩչ˲ȱĹϵʯɶٶҲһĹĸоѾǼһȻųֱ׷˳ȥ
ٺ٣ȻϵˣʯЦЦԷӦԼʯȴܸӦԷλãȻѹΪʯĸ֪Զͬ׵ġ
һṦ򣬸оԽԽԶʯԯ޻ɶݣܿ˻ĸ֪Χʯ˿
ʯҲҳ׷ɣٴηһһҹһƬֱԵͣ
ûϢӦðȫˣ󣬾ʯĳ̥֮գʯ˵껰ɵһ֮
ԩ޳𣬲֪Ϊ׷ңĪʲôϵıոЩ˼ʱ䣬ʯǲ
ԼóıޣǹѪɫɽȻǼƷڴԲڣҲ㲻ʲôϡı
ΨһĿܣԼڶϻںõƷȥʯֻ뵽飬ܸ˫Ҳܸˡ
ѵҲԹϧûʩչʲô֪ͨʲô֮ʵֲȻˣ찡
ʯпԭΪԼ֮ͬ޵ˣ˱ҪԼ׷Ԫ»ᱻ˻ˡ
ȻҲʲô̫ˣҲܲʶǧ治Уĳĳڻʲô
ЩǾԼ˺ۣܶŴﵽĳɾͣоѾ׺ܿˣ֪ǷһŴﵽĵزԽԼҲûпܣֻ֪˾ˡ
˵۹⣬ֻܿԼٱŬܵ͵ĳɾͣȴ˵ǧŬһδεֻᾪڱΪʵǿ׿졣
˭ָұ֤ԼĻԵµһѵ˽׸죿ĻԵòС˵ĻԵǿǧ򱶣
Щ˻ԵߣֽñãԵ㹻Ѱͨ˼̳õ˷Ԫʵýʧ
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ñʵ֮µֻܳΪ˵ģõԪĻᶼûУֺγѣ˻ԵΣʵҲֻɹʧ֮ۡ
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˼һᣬʯ˦˦ͷ̷ŵҩ֮󣬱ǱĿ
ʵԹ˵ͷԣӱŬģܶ˻õСĻԵһ̾ͱ˶ǷݻԵʯֻܼӱŬ
һԶߺȻһӰ˻ûȵһЦǴ˹
ٺ٣ʵԵߺһˣʵȴѣҲֻͽ޹ٶŬҲ˷ʱ䣬ԶɹлԵȱ
ʵûкֻزۣͬһˣֻ˵ǵ̫ˣΪǶңֽǵˣ
ºñ£ʯһԼ֪ʱ̷ųûвԷȻԼ֮ǰȻ֪Լ֮ϣ꾿ʲôͷ


پʮһ ֲ֮
׼ˣ˵껰һһɫ޴ְա
ʯ˫ĿһȻʶǿıڴ˵ϣĪѾѣ
ٺ٣ѾڻȪ·ϵˡ˵껰߶ɫ޴ʯһҶȥ
زʶ֪ΪҪ׷ʯĳʯľ޴в˼ּɵܽ׻ɱǻܣҲҪǺ֣мְա
Ѫɫɽӭն˺ɫ޴֮ϣһ֮䱬ںɫϼƬ̺ѪɫɽЩ֧ӡ
׷ɱȻɣҪȥظѯˣߣ̧һ㣬ɫ޴΢΢һ𣬵Ѫɫɽɣ漴ʯȥ
״ʯ۽һоʵԲ֮£Ǽۺ˫һ֮£ǰȻֳһ׹Ƕơ
صһ졣
ŹǶƱ޴һңʯͷǿͣʯȴǼƣоҲԷۺ⻹һ̥
ۼŶƵסɫ޴ʯ»һ漴꣬οɱϴζСģ⣬Ҳõ
ֻ˫ĿһУҲ㣬ȭ֮£ʯȭͷ˹ȥ

һ֣ʯ˫һΣŵŵŵĵ֮࣬ǺʮಽſסΡ
ٴ¶ݣ˷϶ȫȻ˭ҲκζԷʯмΣԼʵԲ㲻÷Ԫ
ǰԲ״̬ʱ˶սܷſֽţڸƴһãͿܳƷӡܵɡ
Ķ֮Ȼ֮ߣӦôﵽ˷Ԫ״̬ϷǴδ˵ʯĪĻ
ͲȴԳϷ򣬿ʲôյİ취ֻ˫ͬףʯǿпԷʵ䣬ǶԷûз
µĶ֮Ҳǽһ£˵ҪʲôʯĳֻҪõó͸Ҳ޷ʯ׼ʱ䣬ϸʱ䣬ʱҪһ
б䵽ϷһһɫԲְա
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ʯô£ɫԲϺȻðһɴ̱ǵȳϢֲմȾ̼ήҲΪһƬ

ʯ˫ĿһһɾͲͬˣǿܾͲͨߣĶޡ
ʯסһ˦ܺ޷ʯ굥һʮźɫԲְգ׷ըѶ
ۡ
һһſԲ飬ɫͷŶȳζѪζζϯƬա
ޣȻǶޣҪǻϲԷǶޣʯ׻ôˡ
Ӱ죬ʯֻɫƺܸʴ⣬ѪɫɽƣҲԽԽ
״ʯæȡһö˿УţʩչγһɫˮһƮɶʯܿԽԽͣٶҲ
ڹĶѧһСɣʱѹƶʩչĶֶΣ˵򵥣һȴǲרԶС
ߣСӹȻж䣬Ȱ취˫Ŀһ¶ϲ֮ɫ
䣿ʯһ仰ôôϤоԷƺʶԼһ
ѵħʯ˵꣬оԼԼһ
ٺ٣㵹ǲ֪̫ˣΪ㵱һƻȻϷٵ壬Щ
Ϸĥ㣬˭ҲȲģâ¶Ϻε¶ɱ⣬۾ŨŨĺ⡣
ֲܻɱڷƤ»ɱشԲ޺޲֮׷ʯĳԭħ
ʯпҪͨԲǷҲЩҪǱħ̻ˣһУͺܺˡ
ձ󣬱Ͼ˼ǷԪ۷Ϲǵ䵽ڣɱͨԲҲڻ£Ϲľʵ
ߣϷȻǧһţ˲һֶ֮֮ǿᣬʵҲǲס
ΪЩ޶ۣϷ̻£ҪΪ˵ϻ㣬˳㼸ֵԪ֮ϷָԪΪˡ
ԲһֱѹΪʵһָȥϻȣǷԪ˵һĲֵֻԪ֮Ϸۿһ£ɱǼԲ֮ˣѴ֮Ϊм˵
ʯһԼպ෴ԼзԪΪ²ѹƵȫ޷ӳʵԷȻǷԪΪȴܷӳӽԪʵϾֻΪ䣬ͬĶ֣
Ȼħ˵ɱԲѴ֮ȴЩˣ޷ǸʯѹˣϾڻûг׻ָ⹦һЩսһЩԶͬǿһЩȻɱͬûѶȣҲ̫ɡ
Ǻǣ˵ǰɣֺαԪǲס٣˶ڣҲ޷֡ʯɫһҪǵ۷٣Լ뿪ؼԪЩ˵ҡ
ٺ٣ϷֻʩСƣǽƳΧϷɲұԪʵⱻĨɱΪֱ߳ųڷȥΪʧȥλã
ǲϷļƲߣ㰲ĵķɶݣΧԽԶԽãһȥϷʵĲҳӣȻмơһ
ԭˣʯ˵ͷϵԼҪʱıһ޷ԸħһƲߣͻϵϴ̽ԼⶾļƲҲޱȡ
Ȼ֪ǰӦĿˣȻַԪҪȻϷʵ벻ܻɣǶϷһΪĶ𣬹
˵껰ǵǰһģɫԲתԽԽ죬һɫ̼佫ʯС
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һ˼ȭŶսħԼֵˣ漴ıԣʩչ׷ʯҶȥ
ּɵ֮£ʯȫ߶ֱ̼䱻ħѹƵ·磬ʱֻ֮ӲӶԷʱһãʯЩֲסˡ


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ʯħĹ£Űȥ
ʯӰʵ죬͹˺üˡ
ˣʯҲüЩشɫ԰ײѣϺһ㣬򲻻ַ֣̷ҩָ߼Լ㡣
ʯ죬СĴۣħԽͷֲɻأоʯƶˣǲʲôı
Сӣһ㲻϶˷ѷսڹһأѲ㻹ָҵ㣿˷Ԫ֮⣬Ҳǳ漣ˡħȵ
ٺ٣˵漣ģȿȣû׼ʱзԪ֡
ʯɫ԰׵˵оħȹԼǿܳһ죬ֻҪٹһ죬ڵķӡʱҪһѾġ
ܣͲҪʱˣϷȵ𣬿Ҳĵòˣٺ٣ħЦ
ʯǸ漣ֵķԪԼ˿ֱƿɫ֣ʯһ˦֣ʮշ·ֳ֡
ħһСӵжٷѲǷʦ˵Żħ˿๤ʯ֣ħͿʼƻ
һһȥյʱȥˣʯȡöշոʩչħâһƺоŪһ㡣

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һʯжദʮŹ漴һԵĶ˳ȥ
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˷ƺƴ󣬼ֱȷԪ֣ƻУԪ࣬ˣħ״Ҳһŭʤ
Сӻжٷб¶ħһ߿Уһ߼ֱһ令֮ϣȵħ˲ѡ
һֹȻûشȴǸǱͷңϲҳͷĿ˿ʯ¶ҧг֮ɫ
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ʯЦЦϻ֮ǰԼ׼뵤ҩģò˻͸һ֣ҲǺڣ֪ŽշãȻħ棬ʱһԼָһѾġ
ҩò٣շӻһգ⹥һûãʯһǶʮŷֶΪֹǵصħȥ

ħ໽Уʱ䣬Լͺʯķˣģڻɹˣ⻹ûˣԼƺúõأҪ߰˼ûզԼ໽ˡ
ʯ̫֮ǰҷ÷׽ŪңϷ˷Ȼɱ㣬Ҫ֫ٵǣҪʹҪģҪ硭ȥ
ħĻû˵꣬ʮöˣôõֿһæҵ˰죬ͷٴγ嵽ա
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ħѧˣԼ̫ʯԼֿͻϾ⹥Ҳоơ
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ϴ࣬ʡŵʯ˿ǱѵħɤӺһ䣬ħ໹ֽУȴ޿κΡ
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ټһʱˣʯЦ˵漴üΪϵķֻʣʮöֹŰʱ
ʣǰʱħ˵״̬ʯоһУ취ʯ뵽
һṦħٴεֵɫޱȣǱ˫ĿҲ죬ڴ˷Զֿѹٺܶ࣬ԼҲἱ
ԣһܹȥСҵսģħսҲ½оȥʱһãԼ²Ķ֡
СӣɻУб㶼ôˣˣħѧĸˣɴҲǰˣվԶͲˡ
÷ħоԼԼ仰˵̫ˣŭԷ֮ʯ˵һԽȫһԼͿ԰ĵʰˡ
ʯû˷Լ£ȫԼѹƣҪɱʯ練ƣֻɱһҪĥһԣô
㻹ҪԼʯæ˵һַֻԪָϣϹϼ˸ʱ׼ȡ
ϷȥħĿ˿ʯԼɵӣǹײԼĸûţ
㲻ϸȥһ꣬Ҳ㣬˷ʱѣϷָΪĿɾ͸ˣ
ħ򶨵˵ȴŭʤ˫Ŀâ˸ҧгݣ䰵һҪʯøһëƤȴپȻȻٴپȡԣô
㲻ˣϢսʯɫ򶨵˵һ߿ܰ޷һ֧һշ֣Ȼ濴ɣʵ⼸ҲĲС
Ψһָģһʱӡ⿪ʱΪȥЩҲ޷Ըڵħ϶û⡣
սħٴ˸âÿζһţоЩԾʯʱ䡣
ħȥͷҲΪʱ䣬ѲзԪҲ̫ܡ
ħоʯСӿ϶ıԣħսپ¼ӾģҲҪʯķ
̫޷ɱӣħҲٵȥΪһ˿Σյźţ
СӣȻ㲻ȼϷͳȫ㣬ϷŪңֻյĥ࣬ߣħ˵꣬кâһ߶ŷʯȥ漴ȭӰ
ףȻк۵ëϰ߿ɲôðʯӣ¶֮ɫħܸоʯԼֱ̡


پʮ Ʒӡ
ۼħкâһţʯһϧ͵ħ֮ʣʯһ˦֣ʮö˳ȥ
״ħһУƻǰμæˣбŭޱȣСӾжٷ
ء
𣬶֮һϼըѶħС࣬Ȼֻʮöʯɽˮˡ
˵˶֣һöһöʹã󣬵ħˣֱͽ־ͿԵס˭ҲûаܼҵʮŶʮһӣħҲӲӡ
ħ̷˼ŵҩʱĲСʯҲùʱ֧ŷħսپ
ϽϣʯϢ֮ȻоܻзԪħƺоһ˿ΣȻ֪ΣӶ
ʮöոյֵȥನûȫɢħƾǿ壬ನд˹ȥƾҪ֡
ʯæٴ׳ʮöħٴκˣԶƷһȥʱǹȥˣʯнʣʮöڼְʱоûʲô⣬ʱ򣬿ɾħͷˡ
ڶƵֵʱħüԹأӾģҲҪĵʯķ
һ漴ƺɫ޴ʯһҶȥţɫԲһģ³ʦͷϿգʯһȥ
״ʯͫһ뻤ҳɫĶʱʴԼ
ۼȻٵ˵ڳֵֵܼĹʯȻҪȫ
һȻ᲻СĳƷӡڽɫķɣ粻شɢ
ֻ󲻵ʱʮöˣ϶ֲǰ㳤ʱˣ
ʯЩգȫֵֵǰЩŬǰװ˷ˣ˵ֵȴҲǲܵ¡
˫һһƬɫϼϯʮöֹźɫ޴Բȥйϼ˸
տʼһֲܣźǵصϯﲻź淭ɲѣ󱻷Զ
˴ŰĹ򣬷ɢȴǴԶ·˻˸Ȼ
Ƿ뱦ˣȻ󣬵ֻһƷֻҪٵȻԴ߶ֲ
ҿ㻹жٷħһȣ˷ȻĲСһʮöڽǺġ
˵ŻħٴοʯҶȥ
ƴˡ
ûκηʯɫһܲĵƴųܷ֮࣬ҲҪƴһѣӡɶܶ࣬ò˰ͻ⿪
ʯΣֵֵֻܳʯѡеİ취ʩչȫȻֵܵסܱܿˣܱȱҪá
âһʯ˫ӣһǹһѪɫɽŰмصһǺһ
ʯֻһͣǱħľ޴ԲѹȵĻ䣬ò˶þͻᱻɣһɣʯȻܱĹ
״ħ˫Ŀһٺ٣ûзڱ㵽ˣ
δ䣬ħ˫ֳһֻŶͷһģһһС۶ʯȥ
ʯͫһǼʶеĿֲ֮߻˽ȥǱ߹ͷ³ֱȽʯɵһߣεγһϡ
á
ʯɫһףȻƺſ񱩵ⶼŤθڵ治ܿƵķзȥ
ʯֿȴû˿ãħԶָУҲȫ߶ɳʯܹƶƷȫ˽ȥ
ʯֻңǿ֮ڰգȻлӽ䵥һĶͷ
ˢһ¡
һͷɫͻֶ漴ΪСһ˶ȥֻпһתȻһ½ͻ˽ȥ˿ܶ֡
ţʯҲоԵֿѾеģϾҪսȥ
ߣڣҲֿϷġħֱǳ룡ħȫһߣʯһ֮£֮̽У䵱ɫһףһƺߣɫŤȥʹࡣ
һ棬¶һֻ׹ֱۣûħԤϵΪǣȱĹǱۣⲻû뵽ʯǿȻˣҲӲ³
ħƺʯ¶֮ɫʱֻҪԼȫһߣʯȻɰ׹ǣħһͷ
Ϸıˣûʱĥ㣬㾭ħˣ㽫ܻɢȳǵʹ࣬ħҹζ࣬սپϻʯ
ȫһ֮£ħпתһͳֹ֮ܺǿһܿռ䶼ЩŤֵܹסġ
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ǱɵҲܱȱħͷɱҪǿʱϾ͵ˣƶòһٷĹ򣬷֮ͻԶ˵ڳƷӡ֮һЩʯҰο뵽
ħңңһ㣬Ԥϣֻգ֮䣬ʯữΪ׹ˣԼʧȥףڿԱˡ
ҪǣԼܹõǶ䣬ԼưԸΪ;ùȣħɵü˼
ʲôħԼʱȻʯȻһվбԵûȥУ
оתͣޱߣʯƮ裬ƺʯһöûУһ㣬ʯǰתû˿в
þһǻþħ۾ⲻǻþǾǸղ¶ֱ۰׹ǻþžԲǻþħ״Ҳǻþ
ʲô㡭
ħˣֱָʯɢϢ̫ϤˣֿܵԼħĴڣ˷Ԫкܹħֻ𾪣ûע⵽ʯ΢΢ӣԼǲ԰׵ɫ
¶ˣʯĳǽ׷Ԫ֮ǰֻǶˣԼϷɱʯĳ͵׼ߣ
ʯ˵Żڳһ֮ɫֻһȺ嫵֮ϯħлһģصһ죬֮ǰƿֲޱȵħ̼䱬ѶֽͬһĲһ
㣬ǷԪ㣬㾹ȻˣϷã㡭Ҫͬھ
ħ̣໹ֽ˫ĿâŭޱȣôģԪװԼôãһ̱ĳ˵Ҷ棬񫣿


پʮĻ «
ʯ˫Ŀħ̤һɫʵҧѣҲ΢΢
֮ǰƷӡħʵʯ粻ȣҪӴԼ֦ȹޱȣµ
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ˣڵʯҲǲܣһţ֦޹⣬һƺҪлһ㣬᲻
ҲһһʧȥյĹʯоڷޱȣɢһʹҪǰħУ۵ĺˡ
ԣħʲôʯֻܹȣ̤һԼ붯֣Աȫȹ磬ľ֣
ħ̷һŵҩһϢǣǿлָʵֲϢڽҲֻ޽ӽԪûдﵽķԪʵ
Ϸų鵤Ĵ۱
ħǿʵȻʯ˫Ŀ죬ʵĪ˵ѱϾ俴óʯǿʵʵڵķԪϢ
ħһգɫϼ˸һͳ֮ʮɴСħ۶ɣһֲϯ
״ʯͫһ粻ȣʵ޷ȫǿŷԪΪֿŲħȥΣȻĿС
ħȷԪʩչħ֮ǰܿɴͬҪʯĻָʵãڣֿʵ
˫һգʯһĶͷһһɫһֱɫͻͬʱ֣ڰһ֮󣬱ǳ˿ֲС
ɫ׻ƣӾȻ׵ͨ׻֮һײ֮ϣɫͻâһ
죬ֻȻֻ΢΢һǱ˽ȥһδܶδ֣ʯһϯ漴Ҳ˽ȥӺ˦֮ⰵ
ףԪôģǻһֿ֮ûУѵˣħ״΢΢ü¶ɻ֮ɫ֪ʯԪڣôʵڵԼ
ߣȻˣ͹ԹԵɣħһȣħңңһ㣬ֻʯ̼䲻ܿƣವһзȥֻҪ֮ڣͲܻų
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ۼ֮ʣʯһͷһŴδùİɫ΢΢һʯǰһģкȻһͳ֮
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ħɫһ䣬оһɣϢںڰĳ޹ĵ棬̧ͷѪյӰӶ·Ƭڰշһ㣬֪޷̫̽Զ
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ħմɫģǸһȻ̼仯Ϊɻʧ
ţǽɫĺһħȥпƱҪ㣬Ȼ䣬ɫ΢΢һƺ֧һ㣬ԽԽϨ
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ܹһ󺮷磬һɫ͸ƺһ㣬ֲҲѸٹһ㺮˪
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һεĹϼʯڼӭŰշȥţʯǿ̾ʹǿʩչһӰЩʯһΣЩԵڵء
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ֻ«һתâ˲ưٶȣ̼ûħȺ˫ۣѪ

ħ۵ֱУһ֮£ոնʯͷԶ΢΢һƫ˳ʯԻ浱չһ׵ľ޿ӡ
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һĶͷĿâתԶɶݶȥţС«ڰ΢΢һƺ˷ܵӣͣ
һһ֮ϯħâѶɫޱȣţһͷɳƺ׼Ӷݵӡ
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ʯ۰һʱޣŷɥһɢˣ䵽³κ˶ţ
ħʵȻǿᣬҪûз쾭С«˷»Ӧɫ԰׵ʯ˵껰˿ԼٵıԼ޿ڵĸ߽Ԫ֮ϻֳһĨЦݡ


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½½ֵӰһ֮ҲĲˣеԱ֮󣬱Ƿ׷ȥšԼŷ壡
Щɢ޳ϻ֮󣬸ûκͣңɱ˶ᱦֱӳԶȥ
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ϼҫ¶ɽĹȵ˫ڵʯЩпδĽӰˡ
һЩȥ˶ѾȻأһҲߣϣһֵ̳ӰԼ֮ˡ
ˣǰ뿪˵أȻڵȴԼˣм廥Ͷƺʲô
Ŷ˵˫ãʯԼˣͬ˽ڿռ䣿ĹŴüͷһ壬˿زõһϣĿ˿ڡ
ֻϧ֮ã˫ûгֻ֣ʯͷˣ˵Ԫƿ˫ȡʧҲŴϽ
ĹȣҲ˽ǰշѾ뿪Ψһûֵģֻʯˣ
ʯȻûһ˽ڿռ䣿ҫôûг֣ȷȺ׷ʱһߵģѵ
ϼͷ֮оâһһֲõԤУĹһ㣬۹ϡ
֣ɽȻͨûȥǱǡ¶˫ĿһУ漴˿Ԫϡ
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ŵϵܷ㣬һϾͻֹǣ㳤ŻųǿҲֵѡԪ˵
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ʯ޾ɫһϷʵĿˣ˫ֱɫƽЩ˺ѹֳ񣬵ŭѣ׷׼ʯģ


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ʯԻɽɴϣԼ֣ԸʯֱЦڴˣҲ˲
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ʯѹסַ֮ʱ㰲ȻֻҪƴһ㲻ʲô󰭡
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һǰûʲôµʱʯµļأԼһЩִ֪ʶһ׼һͻƵĴ¡
ӻ棬۳һ𣬿ȿȣܿϧ˷һ鲻˵ЧԪǰʯŰĳˣɵͷϻðẓ́


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ӻǲȱ޷ƿأںڿΪˣʯЦЦ
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ȻоԼһкܶҪѰж幦ĲϣԼҩƷ֮Ƿȱһͼڣʱûȥݽˣ֪ɽ֩ͼڳ˼ţǷѾȫϡ
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㣡ʯһ˦һâһವһʯĶ棬һֻëĴָ
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ɲҪ˵ƾ޾˵˻ʵˡЦЦ
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Σھǲѵ߷УҪʯĳǲ䣬ûʸ񣬺ߣһ䣬ʯӰһǳ˶棡


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ҪһΰвסʯʵסʯͲһˣĵ˺ΰ֣ҲԻ죬̸ɱ
ҪЧŴսǸ߽׶սҲûʲôôҪĲȷأʯһˡ
ԣôһû̽̽ףĵŹ
ȻҪдһʯĳǣ˵ŻʯһҪֹ˻ȥоʯû׼̡
ܿ죬óأΰʯգ˲²⣬ʯսײãΰϰʵȣӦüֲ˶á
ҪǼֵʱ̫Ǿ֤ʯǱڽΰĵ˿ʼ۲˵뿴ʯֶܼá
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ߣΰһȣȻһ㶣ս飬Ҳţʯ׼ƴ֮ΰҲǲִټսȭͷʯȥ
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һֻ̣һΰɫһףһƺߣ˲䵹ɶڰջʮ֮ԶſסΡ
ʯֻ˫һΣǰȻ
ΰʯԺһȭּΣһŤ֮󣬼°͸°͵Ĵ죬ϹԶϣعǵûʲô£ϾƳһѹ
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ֳļΰ˿һֿ־壬Цֱ̬ԼûʵƴǿսʤҲ޷ɱʯ
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ΰ֪ʯսԿĶȻʯΪʯ֮£Ҵģ
Բ֮ǿƳ֣һ֮ټԹƣ˿͸ͬʱòɵһ
Ǻǣ벻ʯ֮ǿֻϧûʲô֮ȻĻҲһмȰܡ
ĵ۽һ漴΢Ц˵Ȼʯ֮ҲֻûͬףԪϹ֣һ˶ֶ֮ΰǸ⣬˶֪û֮
ЩԪ֮ˣһЩ֮ʯһЩʯ֮ϵõʲôˣ»ΪӣҲʯ֮С
ʯҲоԼЧӳ弸΢΢ˣֻҺ廹ЩЧԭΪȨٿԴͬһֱۣȴֻѹΰȴ޷򱬡
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Ǻǣ峤֪ɻȤǩ飿Ϲʱ˵һ䡣
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Ǻǣ˷ҵҲֻǹʶѣû׼֣ȻĻ᲻˵ǰʯŲҪᡣĵ΢Ц
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ǰеӳϳսɱڣֱӽɱȥҪ֪յĵӣ󲿷ֶǴݵˡ
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֪ʱʯ׷Ԫһΰ峤飬ҲȻⲻʯ


İһ ı
޽ʹ󣿡ԪڣԪüͷһ壬ɲĿʯ˴գʯȻ޽ʵôϷѽ⡣
кѴɽﱻռ죬ۼӱȶ࣬صҲ㡣ʯʵ
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Ҫ޽ɽַҲڷֲ˫󣬾Ҫ޽ŵݣ̵ĴſҪķã
٣ʯɫ
ǺǣԺҪ󣬶ֻǲϷãҪһЩʦٵĻһʱƬҲ޽ԪϿڵ
Żм󣿡һ䡣
Ẓ̌㶯һ󣬺ŷԸӣתõֻʣһ󣬺ٺ٣Ҳ췢ŽˣҲŵݡԪٺһЦÿ꣬ţл影
һȷʵ֧ţţʱЩ֮ˣȷʵЩôɫ
޷ﻹЩ񣬴óһǧ򡣡ʯɫһ
ʲôһǧ򣿡Ԫɴ˫ۣ춼Ծѡ
ϴҸȥһЩ֮󣬴ǧ޽Ӧ㹻ˡʯЦЦ⻹Լһ֣Ȼóǧ򣬸Ѿ
ˡԪϻû˵꣬㱻һϡ
ôţźˣɣĳ̣ǧΣ䣬ϵӰ߽
棬ţϲŽ׷Ԫһ峤صź·һֵȫǴ£Ц
ʯ𻰣Ԫ˫Ŀһϣ˵óǧ֧ţ˻棿
Ȼ棬óһ֧̣ˣȻҪţǧӦÿˣҲģն˵
˷׷׿ʯʯ۽һЩӣǧԼϰ嶼ûϾʨӴ󿪿ˣ⻹ǡ
ȿȣϣҵʣܲõóǧ򣿾̵ĹģһЧٺãһǧҲ׬ġ
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ţϰǲְˣΪ»ֻһ̱鲼ݣоżҡ
ΨûȾָһǷǳֲ֣طƹܣҲ֪٣طȣϷҲ㿪۽磬ʲô˵Ľթ
ǵӰ裬һʡ͵ĵƣһıƵøⱾ׬ߺȣбﶼⱾۣʱѹ衣
ﶼˣҼֲסŵʱ򣬰ŽЩó֣湻˵ģ˵Ӫ֮Щüɫĸо
ȿȣǸ̶ˣʯԼҲţѡط绹ûЩӪ֮Ҳʵûа׷ѣǰ裬Լֻǵ㻯һЩȻͷԣط绹ϵ
ʯ֣˵۹ⶼڶԼ䲻ɿ
ȿȣʵǾӪ֮㲻ÿˣҲҪôңǾԲҽ̵ġʯЦһʵԼ㻯ġ
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ڻ治Ҳ֪̾ɣһȥֻҪάת⴫ķſóǧ㹻ˣ影Ϸˡʯʼ硣
úúãԪճ˵ģ޽󣬽ڣȥݣȥ̣ķֲҪдȥҲ㣬ºӦЦ
ǣ֮ԣлſԪЦЦ
ˣҪ޽ͨϷֲĴͨݣ̻ͨ۸һһűʱԳ롣
һ˴ݣǼӣҲȥңڼȻ˺ƤǱȻо̡
ԶʱӦòҶ֣ǹ۲ǣҲҵ˵صԭЩ˼΢Цǣһᱳͱӡʯɫһ
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ʵҪԭΪǱߣ׵˷ԪصߣŵõĽҲ࣬ͬʱҲӵõչˣһǻӼɵʯЦЦ
֮Ȼ˺ǲһӲһҲһɣĹȣһϵ̫࣬ǻмܲסġͷ
˸λýľЩ׼һʱ䣬˳ȥתתܵĶóһЩΪ˲ţϣǷһͬУʯɫ
Ǻǣˣ׻һˣ׼죬λʦֵܾ۾ۡЦ
Ǻðɡʯתۿ˿ϣɫʦЩ˵˵Żʯ϶ˣ뿪˴ǳﱸ˴ʹ顣

ºĹĳ侲ڣ
Ĺĵˣ¶ӣϼΰԼſճϹ˶Уƺʲô
Խ׳Ѿҵһ֮ϣԭƽ͵ľ棬µԴԪ򣬸λôĵʵ
ʯô׵ġΰü
ѣڿɲǿǵСµʱȥǵȺ飬ҵȿаʱףڣӦоζԸڡЩ͵Ŀ˿ΰ
ٺ٣Լǣճ˵Ѽ룬Ӧʮʤġΰ΢΢һЦ
ǺǣǸϷ޷룡ճϹæҡҡͷ
ŶճϹԼӦú⣬ȻۏˮֺαĹȣĵ
ǺǣλҪᣬ̫ˣʯΪ׷Ԫеλ˲Ҫ˵ǰԴ»С
Ԫһ¶ҪˮʯοҪԸ䱳ţΪӲſճϹһƲ
ǲ֪ճ˵кߣĵʵ
߲˵ֻҿĳҲ޷ǣڵţԺԸڣ˵ǡ
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нڣɱƵʯȥݲսΪбʤİգоǿӣǷһճϹ׷ʵɵ÷׷̾Ϣ
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Ҫôɣһȥ״ڣʯʯݲս֣ǿӶײ֡
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Ҫ˵취ӵ˵ǰ㣬ƾһЩɵѰᵽˣԣֻȥҡճϹһ٣˿ĳ
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˵ȥҡ취ǲֻǲһõóҲһǣҪԸٺ٣ںʯӦò⣬֮һսǲҲܱģĵȷӦ漴¶˼֮ɫ


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һṦ򣬷һ߽ĵӰֱһЦط磬ɫЩľګ갢裬ԼֱתüЩǿ
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ݣûȥ̽ÿڷ磬ȲҪȥĺãǱϾǻʳǽ£һþͿܱ𣬿Ѿڷ̿˺üңǿҲȥģϾѾռȻʯɫ
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ûҲû˸£طоһųһҪʱ򣬲ŪԪϾͽ˵

󣬴ݶϷ򣬰޳ǣ
ʯӰĳֵϣԭʮյ·̣Ǹϵʯûֱȥ׼ǿ￴
ΪԼҪһζҩǱǰ¶ҩطҲģǻ壬Ҳ˭лῴġ
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ٺ٣޷ȻʯѿڣѣҲȥһԡǿЦЦ
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ǺǣÿÿµĽֹͣһڱ߹ʱսңĥսһع飬սԶͨͬ׿ɱȣȻԺлᣬʯҲᱻģǲȨǿɫ
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Ŷ˻棿ǿǰ̽̽ӡ
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ǿо˸˼Ƭ̣ϻ¶Цݡ
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Ŷѵ˼ǣȥѹڷ̵̣̣ʯ˫Ŀһ״
ڴˣ㽫ǴѹĴʱ򣬺ڷԻȥ㣬ʱ㾡ܷĴ󵨵ȥ㹩ҹҲ޷ʯѿףǿ˫ĿһС
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ʯѹȻûѡˣǿһЦ
ʯƬ̣ҡͷԲ𣬴ʯĳ޷ӦڷӴҽȥôĶ֪ʯĳû롣
ʯɲκһʯˣһ仰ڻڶ̫
ڷҲһĹȶЩţοڣֱǾƬԼԵ׵Ľడⲻ
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ʯĬãѣĬƬ̣ʯɫʼգʯĳһõϢûṩֵΣ
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ŶʲôҩǿЩ˵ӹʯһöʯǿУƬ̺üͷһ壬ЦĿ˿ʯ
Σʯɫ
Ǻǣʯڽܰϵǲ࣬ϼҩʮֶѣÿһϡ֮
ϲӦʯҪһ֣ЩѾҵˣʣµԴ룬øĳĿİɣҪȻÿһ˼֣ǿоâһ
Ǻǣѻ棬ȷʵˣṩһЩϢҲԣȻʯĳã޷̵顣ʯɫ
ǿ˫ĿĿ˿棬Ƭ̣˵ͷ
ʯѣֲҩһЩɿºռˣһЩǻҲŪЩҩҽҴģҴ֮
忴ҩǿܹ룬ϣһʱƬĳɲұ֤ʲôҪȥСǿɫ
޷ȻˣȰʯĳãȽҩ룬ڽŵ飬ˣҾͲˣ׼Ȼ˳ȥǿҪʲôϢԴŸҡʯɫ
ãʯȻӷ⣬һȥڣȻ㲻ˣҲͲȥˣʱһҪĲϣ룬һ˸͵ǿɫ
Ǳлǿˣǣʯ˵껰˼򵥵Ŀ˼䣬ǿʯһֱ͵⣬νǿмѣ˱ȭʯ뿪˰޳ǣ

ڶ磬ǣī
ʯո߽һϴǰһصǰʲôҪ
֮ǰɽ֩ͼڣ֪ɷȫϣʯһ䡣
ɽ֩ͼڣü˺һ󣬺Ȼ˫Ŀһˣͼʦף϶һµ£ͻµһҳ
Ǹͼʦɵãһͼڣǰǰ飬һֱϵҲûϢѡһſ⼸ͼʦƷȶ깤
ʯ˿ſڣһƣһͼȡһµͼڹȥ䲻ü
ЩͼҲҪˣǵϴΪ°ſڵͼλãǲ׵ǻҪ˵˰ɣʯһ䡣
ƺٺһЦٺ٣ǰˣſλãȷ׵ɽ֩͵Сͼʦԡ
Ǵͼʦʵͼڣ»ȥģҲǴͼʦʵͼڣͼʦ֮ͼڣǻᾭλõġ
Ҳ㶪ľ䣬ǹطʱ仹ỻȥûЩͼʦ𣿴󲿷ͼʦɲֹһͼƷġ
ʯϸ˿ЩͼȴЩȴ죬ںܶͼ϶Щ֣νĴͼʦˡ
ˣΪʲôʯʵ
ŶͺһЩһõֻͼʦºţģºҲζóʲôޣǰԵȣȥ£ɽ֩ͼȡ˵껰һ̵ܵ˶¥һżŵҳͼڣɽ֩롣
ôţʯü˿ͼϵΪӡȷİǸͼʦûʲôֲõ˵ʵͼڣֶȱԵľʽ
û취ǰֻܵȵˣͼʦȷףôûͼڣҲˡεʼ硣
ðɣʱʯ˵ͷ˷ûײԪ٣Ҳûڴ˵ؾֱ뿪˽ǣͼɽȥ


İĻ ǧ
ͼɽڣ
ʯվվںӳͳλϣ΢ЦĿŶˡ
Ǻǣʯ׷Ԫϲɺأ˷ϻ֮йȻЩջ֮ǰѾźˣںӳ¶ԱĴŷ̸ʯȻٻཻһ¾ͿˡͳЦЦ
ϲʯѣǺǣԺӵĶԱˣҪˣЩֱÿ˵ĴŷҶּǺš
µʱԷֱϵ鳤鳤ϵԱģڽҾͲ˵ʲôˣ㱾ͳӣӦöϤġںӳڵ
ãлͳڶӳʯĳȻȫչ˺¶Աʯɫӹӳơ
ˣǻĽ߼ƣԼһö򣬴ƷԪ֮սףǹܸһԼĺͳ˵Ż׳һöԪָ
ʯɫһԪָû뵽ĽȻǹȱﲢԪ֮ƷҲԶȶ׷󣬷Ԫ٣ȻҲò˶Ԫ֮ÿ˵ġ
лͳ졣ʯЦЦ
ؿˣ滹ϷĴŷΪӳɲǰԱֻ鳤Ϳԣ£ֱӴŸϷ򣬶ˣ㻹Ҫ¼öĴŷ⵽ʱҲ㡣ͳ˵
ãʯӳöŷֱ𽻸ͳںӳ
Ǻǣ˷ǴѲк󸣣ƽħĶ׷ԪȻ϶ûٳڵ㣬ʯѼ㲻УҲǰԱˣָ۷ڣºѵġںӳЦЦ
ɣʯû˵ħ顣
ˣȥɣʯȺһӵĶԱϤһ£ͳ˰֣Ӧһ뿪

ĳ侲ڣһԱʮˣۼ棬ʯǶһϣһӵĹ鳤ӵ鳤
ǰһԱӳûʯҡһΪӳȻ˸оͻȻҲѽܣΪڼǰڶӳͳ죬Ѿˡ
ʯع飬ȻǶӳλã˵Ҳ˺ü죬ʯϤǶ飬һ鵹ҲİϾǰһִй
ٺ٣벻ϻȽ󣬶̶һʱ䣬ʯǰͳΪӵĶӳԺһȫֶ֧ӳġ鳤ڵһԱʱ̬
ٺ٣ȻʯǰǰһӸû˵ٺЦ
λҪˣҽҲҼ棬ֲ룬һ㲻ʲôεģҿ԰ú˵һӳˡʯ΢Ц
ʯǰ̫ˣѵڶϻȵõ˷ԪöЦЦ˿̵ϽãҲһʱ׵ڡ
ҪʣⲻǸùĵģĿˣǴõĻöͷ龫ֵЦЦ
ʯӳʱ䣬Ƿʲôţ鳤ʵ
ʯһ˼ҡͷŵûУҪɣҪʲô飬ȺҴкͳȴһ֪
ǣӦüͷ壬ϲ¶һ˿ɬȻҲ׵Բľ磬ʯʵĪ
ˣûʲôˣȥƫˣʲô£ȥƫңʯ¼仰ͼҴҵ뿪˾ҡ
ôоʯѣʯӳôż߰Ӵֵ˵
ߣ˼ҵλͬˣ÷ԪӳôǺǴһƬЦʲ˼ҲƲϵġһ
ˣ˵䣬Ҫܺ죬ҪȻΪ£ߣһһ˦뿪˾ңҲ׷ȥ

ʯƫĳ侲ڣڴϣϸز鿴ҽ䣬ƫֻмλӳʸסǲġ
ʯǼˣûǰ꣬û̫ʱ˷ѣ׼ϸҽ䣬ûʲôҩ滻ҽΡ
ʯ㷺ҽʥ䣬ĶҲڷڶЩջ񣬵ȷʵ٣ƷǶƣҽøνר
һʱ䣬ʯұ֤Լһϸоҽ䣬ԽӷִķǱѰǸֵҽ顣
һʱ̫󳤽ҽѸͣѧϰ˲پ飬νջ޴۾߱ҲǷȱʯΨһǷȱģǲϡ
ٺõҽûвҲûβʯ̾ϢһȻҵ˼п滻ҩƷҲôҵġ
һգǿӺȻһ׻ֻ˵ʯûʲôϾ̫ɲ˭õġ
ڣʯľ֮ϣһվڵ档
ʯţ̫ӵһЩƷԪָڣĿ˵껰ɫͳһöԪָ
ãˡʯӹָһֶ룬Ƭ̺˫Ŀһϴžϲ֮ɫ
ʯţ£ȸˡûж˼
ãлл̫ӵ¡ʯ˵껰׻ת뿪漴ҵͳ죬Ҳ֪˵Щʲô̸ûе֪ӳҲ˴
ʯ֪Щ飬Ԫָɫϲѣ˵Щڣ̶ҲѴˡ
ǿӾȻҩж幦ĲϣҲ˼ⲻʯ⡣
ָһöʯƺǿЩԣʯʯǲ鿴ʯȷʵǿӵԡ
ݺܼ򵥣˵Щҩǧյģ˵Լ۸񲻷ƣ򲻵ʯǱڷ̵Σ񣬾͸ʯˡ
أʯҲ˽⵽һЩϢ漸ҩǴĲǸСĹƷֲҲҵز
ҩʣ֣һҩҲǹ⣬ʯѾ˴֮ٿǣʣµһ֡ǧʯûд֮
⡮ǧڱУܵȣҩĲأʵʯЩͷۣκһ壬ʯаս¡
ĲʯҲͨǿӸ㵽Ͼ˷¶һ꣬ǧĲأȻǡ塯֮
壬Ѱˣʯҡҡͷ
дĺȷǿӲģΪǻҪܾˣԴ»޷æˣֻṩϢʣµ£ֻܿʯԼˡ
˵ҩʮ궼¶棬һ֧ڴʮӶ˼һֱһЩϵ˴
ҪʲôҩֱµպȻὫҪ㣬ǿ϶ģҲΪü֮ˣԽЩСǰȥ͵ҩʬ޴棬ӻа˵ġ
ʯͷ۵ǣиأֻ۳Ʒҩҩֲ꣬ƵҩԽ֪Էṩҩֲ꣬Ȼơ
ǳɹʧܣ岻κ⳥ҪǾòףұƣǾҪ̣ŵʵ󵤶æƵҩ
ⵤ廹ǰԵʧҲ⳥ߣṩҩҪṩѧ˵ˮ׼Ȼһʲ
ҩޣɾʧܣֻ취㵽ǧˣôҩֱԼȥģ
ʯεüҪԼûⵤգֻűˣ˶ԷʧܣԼ֮ⷴ޷ҽΣȻԼаƳɹܽԼѹڱ˵
ҲգȻˣȥʶһʯ˫ĿһУȻǧʲô취ʯҲҪŪ֣


İ Ҧ
ڶ죬ʯҵͳ죡
ͳ죬ʯĳе㼱Ҫ֪ʯĻû˵꣬ͳǳĵͷһЦ
Ǻǣ˽⣬һǰ̫ӵѾӵּ䲻֪к񣬵֮˵оԵȨ֪ˣ治÷һӵĶӳȥ߹أͳЦҡҡͷ
ԣʯ˵ص˵ͷ漴Цʵڲ˼ͳ죬ʯĳҲû취ұȥ£ʱ֪ͨңֻҪһʱ䣬ͻġ
Ǻǣðɣȥæͳɬҡͷ֪ͨ㣿Цּ˭ΥܱȹʰŵĻҪ
ͳûӣ֪᲻ʯִһʯʧܣպԼʯʧܵĺڹԼҪϣ
ʯĳ͸ˣʱ֪ͨңʯɲ֪ͳ뷨ҵ鳤ˣһ֮󣬱ǼҴҵ뿪
Դ鳤ûʲôӦӳҲײβһûټˣ󲿷ֶʯ˵߾߻Ǻٵġ
뿪ͼɽ֮ʯǿӽԼĵͼһ·ŵ巽ȥȻ̫ʩչƶݷԪͨ٣Ҳɱȡ

ϷһƬɽˮ㣬Ⱥɽ֮أ
Ƭɽһ޼ʣɽϱ鲼׳ͦΣ紵Ҷɳɳ죬Ȼ
Ƭɽ룬ͨ˴ӲҽӽΪʱ·ڹľڲ˵ɽĴָСѪãֱָ䶣ҧһڣҲᵱ
ЩôӲ뿪ƬأƬɽҲ˵룡
ڶĳһƬƽԭ滷ɽƽԭȻСͨȷʵԽȥȲ˵ΧĶ룬ɽԷԽοпµؽơ
ȻҲ濴ǰ㰲ǱŸޣ˵ֹһЩ綾ޣ乥Σա
Ī˵ˣߣҲûмȥģзԪ·ȻΪ޸֮ʳ
ɽһΪܵȻϣмƬԴƽԭ˴ţƽԭϸǷɫˣ˵ļ紺Ũҩ㡣
ƽԭм䣬һƬȺʽӣɫмһ߲㽨Χ㽨ʮͨ
ںƽԭĽ㴦һ˫㽨ſվڣңź棬ӦѲ֮ˡ
Ȼ˵һԽ룬ԪǿԴӺϿӲģȻɽǿ϶ԽƽԭģǺܶԪ֣Ƶɽؽơ
˵أǴһȽ⣬ִӲµ壡
һգʯյͼϵļأ˳ҵ˴˴ЩõǺöԸǿд棬ʵһֽţؼǲ̫Ҷ
ֳ̫󣬺Եԣһֱڹʯֱ˳ƽԭ֮ʱ˲ſ˵
ֵصѦգǰ֪ǰкҪȥͨһֵصӿʯæһ䣬ȴǲһȻ֮ɫ
ʯǰҩҪ̸̸֮ʯɫ
ȻˣǰѦɫһһƣ漴ʯݹһƽԭԶȺȥ
һ·ʯԽǷɶݣԽľ˶ƽԭ·ϾȻȫҩֲ꣬Щѵһҩ
˴ƽԭֻǼſôҩ֪ط˶ҩôһƬҩ԰Ǵ¾Ͳɵġ
һĹ˲ȺʯЩƣЩҩôֲѵͲ͵ħǵûܵס
ǰ룬ȥҦϣǽӵ֮£Ҧ֣ѦսʯһΪŸ󡯵㽨ʯѦ뿪˴
ʯ˿װΣʵݻ֮УŨķҷ󣬰ڷһЩ辰ֲģһЩҩ
ȻڲͬǴʥأʯɫһ˵֪һţֲûʲôƣ䱸治Ǻɭϣֲûаڴ˵͵ҩ
֮£ʯʩչ֪¼һȻķڴ˵ʯҲʲôΣգϾ˶ҩɴͿͣǴδӺκһˣҲһ
ףʯ˫ĿһУ֪֮̽£ȻִֵĽƲˣɨӴ֮⣬ȻƬȺƽԭ϶޵ĽƲǱǰɢв
Ҧϣλǰ֪кҪ
ʯɻ֮ʱһźۣͷ׷ߴ˽һԲڣһۺ񣬿Զͨͬ׿ɱȣҲһЩҩѻġ
ŶҦϣҪǧ֪Уʯֱ˵⣬ҲתĨǡ
ǧҩǧеĳ죬ҵҲֲȻֻҪǰۣǻǻǧҩġź۵Ҧϵͷ
ҦˣʯĳҪһǧҩ󵤣ʯɫ
ʲôҦЩ⣬üͷ΢ĿʯĪǰ֪Ĺأ۵ҩǰطˡ
Ǻǣʲô鶼ûоԣ޷Ǵ۰ˣ˵˵Ҫ񣿡ʯ΢Ц
񣿺Ǻǣǰóǧҵ˹أǰԼĲȵù壿ҦҡҡͷԲ֮ǰǰ
ʯû˿⣬Ͼ£ܲܺ˼Ҷǿǣ΢ЦҦϣ˵һ취ʲôĴۣſԽǧң
ûа취ǰҪǧǿԽƳɵҪҩǰأҦϾȻֱ
ʯЩ⣬ͷʲôݣȻҸ߿ˣ˶˰
֮ǰʯԼϵ񹻲еĻȥȡһЩû뵽̸Ǯĵطһɾͼˡ
ðһ䣬ʯĳɷķҩʯɫɫһʵ
ŶǰƲϣܿϧұĪ˵㣬֮ҲȻǰ󵤣ɣ˵ŻҦһͿ͵ơ
ʯâһԼѾѹƣԷʵ̫Щͱ˵˼һһ
Ȼʯĳ㣬ƣҪһֵҩҽΣǵҩҪǧҩ
ҩ㵤ܴ룬˵֢Ƶĵʯĳǿ󵤣޷˵ҽΡ£ʯֻһ
Цⶾ֮⣬ûпƣֻҪõó㹻ĴۣͿõóҩҦΪŵ˵ʯһϲ˵ԼܼҩΣ


İ ɳշ
ǺãȻˣҩʯĳϵƽ⣡ʯ΢΢һЦԷ˵취ϵƣһֳɵĵҩҲ޷
ϾԼǧĿģҲΪˣֻҪĿĴﵽҩʯǲں
Ǻǣǰ˵ЦˣҦĳղżǵ˵ҩ˭ͼģϵƣҦĳ¾ͿԿóȻǰǰҪܣҿ޷̽ǰϾҦۺ롣
ƾ㣿ٺ٣㿴Ҳ޷
ʯ΢Цĵ˵ͷϵԼĪ˵ҦϣһԪϹ֣Ҳ̫ܿó˵Ҫ֢ҩˣҪԼҽʥ䣬ʯû취ҽΡ
ҦϷ·ܵƣʯͷ֮һʯһɨȥʯû˿ֵƾԷ顣
ʱ仺ţҦʾü漴Щɻ֮ɫЩɻĿ˿ʯƬ̺Ҧһεҡͷ̾Ϣһ
ǰϹȻˣֻܸо裬ȴ޷ߣϷ޷ˡҦϵͷԲˣԼ޷ߣҦû֮ǰİ
ŶȻҦû취ʯĳǳȥ˵ʯĳҩһأʯһ
ٺ٣ҩͲˣǲܵ飡Ҧҡͷ˵ʯһ
ĵӣǿԼһ
ҦɫȻ˵ʯüⵤ廹鷳ҩһѱȵ죬ֲǿ˵ҲѼҩ
Ҳգʯĳֻҽҩνʯʼ硣
ٺ٣ľͺãҩĵӣڵķҩѾٹˣûʲôѵģҷʴƣȻΪκõġ
һǿˣֱǱ֮ˣԳ֣ڹŹؾ˻˵ôµСˡ
ڵķԼҽʯǲɣϾ嶼Ҫ壬ҪûӣôǴеİ
ҦϽʯҪߣ뿪˴Ҧ϶λ֮ߣҲҡͷһЦõҽ߾ʴƣǰ㡣
ʯȻɫһ˼ǰ飬ֿҲûȥŻ忴뿪壬һҪȥ֪ǷˣʯЩġ
Ȼʯģλ˴ļӣҲʯЩۼŴյʱȥˣҪɽλҲû֡
ʯ׼ȥתתʱ򣬴ſӰһҦһ΢Ц˽ʯľõȣû˿Ǹ⣬ǳ
ãպϣʱ㣬ȥ㣡Ҧ˵껰ʯ˵ͷ
뿪Ÿ˵߲ǰʯоһɲɣϢԶĽӦʷƾõˡ
ǰ룬ͲȥˣߵǰҦһƣ뿪˴˵أʯ߽
˵ؿռ䲢̫ǰһľΣ·ԸľΣǽڹżڻʯϸһȻǵҳͼڣƷڻЩݳޡ
ſȻмҩ䵱辰ɢŵ㣬ʯִڲûˣ͸ĴţȻɽĳ
ʯҡҡͷһľ֮ϣǰľһɨżСװΣ״ͬ˼Ʒϸ
ϸһ֮£ʯ˫ĿһһȭͷС̣ȻԺɳɵģɲͨƷмϡһֲϡ
ֻ̣ʯʨԼϵ̶ɣȻʲôȴǰĲϣͨװΡ
ɳԱ̺ı˿һƷս׵ԣȻȲԪ֮ȴս˵ؾȻкɳʯоϲ˵
ǰ֪˶ãҲûȻʯܲ˵ģܿϧ˴ļӣ֪᲻Ὣ۸Լ
˼Щ鵢Ƭ̣λѾõˣ
ʯ˼֮ʣһɫȺȣƤͬ֬㴵ƣòʮͷŮӣӴ߳漴֮ϡ
ʯԵ̾һ䡣
Ůòǣü£˫Ŀǳ峺ӣС΢΢ЦЦͬŮ·һ㣬һʳ˼̻ʣ˹Ŀ
ʯұ֤ԼŮ֮УŮʻò˿ɱȣϽҲ޷֮Ტۡ
ϳ𣿡ȹŮȻһЦĿת֮£ɵһЦֻǰһ˿¶ѩԼ޹ǰָ
ʯæ񣬷ԼЩʧ̬ŮûʩչκʯǲɿܵĶ࿴˼ۣƬ̺ջ
ӼЦˣĪӾķʯ˿СƴŮΪ˾һԪ۷ڣӽ״Բ֮Ҳֻ벽ѡ
ǣĪһŮƲۣȹŮ΢΢һЦˣ˿ûʲôӣȴһҽ֮⡣
ӼЦˣƲģֻǴû뵽ķȻһλӣһòʯʷγƺʯɫ
շƣ֪ʯкҪԳշƵȹŮЦݻһ˵һ䡣
ӣʯĳͲתĨˣҪһǧ֪ʲôۿԳۣʯɫ֮ģʱûʲô˼˶ˡ
շü΢ĵʯӦ֪Ĺأҩֻ۳ƷҩⲢ۵⣬ϣܹ£ҪΪ
Ŷʯûʲô֮ɫ˽ĵ˵ͷ
ʯĳƣ˵ǧҩϣƳһֵҩԸʯĳҪǧ
Ȼշܹʯĳ֢ҽİգʯĳֱҲԡʯ˿ǰŮӣɫһ˵
Ŷʯѵ˼ƺ̫շû˿ã΢΢һЦ˵
ˣʯĳιˣһֱûа취Բ壬ϲԵĵطӵʯɫ
޷ǳ۵ҩĵطʮδй޷ƣǱ߹̫أҪҩûУû취ˣҽԱҩǿԳģɣȸʯѼһ¡շ΢Ц
Ҳãͷշˣʯκοܣƾշڣʱ仺ţշû˿飬üëûһ¡
ʯɴŮûʲô鶼ûУһĹշƲŻջظ֪¶˼֮ɫ
ʯҲʣĵȴλĴ𸴣
ܱǸȻóƣӦ谭֦𻨵ѭƺǶսˣֲˡ
ƿνδţΪʯ˵ǧҩ֮ǲҳԣʯѵ֢״շü˵
˴롭ʯ𻰣ǴҦϵʯշƵɫһ


İ߻ Į
룿շЩ⣬κξ֮ɫʯɻ˭ôĵӣǿ壿
ʱҦ֮ܵڣշ֮һ֮ɫ
Ǵ뵤壬Ǹմ²ʡˣҪҽġҦϼæ˵
ŶҦҲ޷𣿡շɫƽһ䡣
ȿȣ̫أ̫ءȫѣϷΪᣬǲҽεĻҽͳȥˣҦϿڵ
ʲôΪշһ䡣
⡭Ҧɫ˼ãɲĵϷ޷͸뷲һ㣬˵ǷԪڣôصҲΪôߣǷ˼ߣ
ߣշЩ
ߣʯɫһæڵ˿£ʮӣӦһѺɫͿ
ԶԶԣҦϵ˵ͷ
ʯʶˣշЩ˵
ŶǻµһѣҪȥһ£ʯɫһվ
շһ˼ڵˣȻʯѵѣ߾ȫҲֵģһİ壬Ҳᾡ߳ȥΪҽߣܼȵģҦϣɣ
ǣҦϼæ˳
շӹȻƣʯĳʯɫһ
ʯҽߣҲˣҽ߱֡շ΢΢һЦ
һңҦϴˣ̧һһɫӰʯһĮǺˣ
ȻʯĮԣ֪һֶ룬漴죬ȫѣҲأȻǻԲѣԶˣҽҲδؾȵû
շĮߣʵ֪Ƭ̣ѩ󣬼ֱָѹѹĮؿڣȹǣֱۣԼͷȸ
˳ĩȻֵܼ漣ΪҲߣ֮֮ԪϾĪǡϹŽޣշ˫Ŀһ
շӹȻʶ㣬Ȼ֪ϹŽޣʯҲЩ⣬ԼһЩԪϹ֣⣬Ǻ˵ϵ
ҲʦżȻἰϹŽޣǾͲˣ˱޽ִֻҪִ𣬽ⲻ٣Ӧûеþȡ
ǿһ˿ִʶˣѾܴκˣշɫһջơ
շа취ʯһ䡣
˵ʵʯɲܽӴԼȻûʲô취ҪǷһҽʥ䣬ʯоӦҵ֮ߣֻ¿ûʯѧĹ
һԡշһ죬ĮϼѨЩصѨʯ֪ҽϼܡ
շַ죬Ƭ̺󣬷סĮʶͨ谭ѪͨȻ˲ĮŲ԰׵ɫȴǻָһ˿Ѫɫ
ҪҩˣȥƼŵҩʯѿȷȥŸǵ˾סĵطշƿڵ
Ǿշˡʯɫ
ʯѲؿΪ˾ˡշݸһЦתźȥҦϴʯŸ̧Įһ侲֮ڡ
ǰ˴һ𲻷㣬ҲȥϢһЩ֮ˣһ㶼ŸȺ򣬲ǰҪߡҦϿڵ
ģʯĳȻߣʯĳʣҪĮòã˷ҩʯɻʵ
ٺ٣ҽ߱ǾˣΪάֵתԲŻ۵ҩĹǾˡ
ԼĽ֮ˣǲῼûģֱӳ־ΣϾûּۻۡ
ǰֲƣҪҽξҪˣҪľˣͳãԴԴϵ֧˭ҲķѲ
ֶĽ֮ˣ֣󵤲βǶ棬ȻҪȡ㹻͵ġҦЦ
ŶǵҲǻ˲£ƷЩƲ֮ˣҲӦõġ
ʯÿɷ˵Ҫǻ˴ҽݣҩ̣ſڣ˼Ҳ࿴һۣշƲ˳Ưĵ׻
ǵȻסƷǻ廹ţһЩѾõɢޣĸ֪֮ģֻǷչƽʱʱͰˡҦɫ
ԣʯа֮̾ǰԼЩ⣬շƵʲôӣϾ˼ҲԼ飬һ¯ҩûϣ²ȥ˵ģ
˽ˣҾ￴ˡʯ˿ϵĮ˵˵
ǺãҵȾȸˣ¿ԵֵصӽһҦ˵껰˰֣˱Ǹ˳ȥ
ʯغ÷ţһľ֮ϣĵĿ˿Į漴óҽʥ鿴Ȼ˲Ľ飬ʯһֱоĮƷ
ΪһɻĮ׷ü治һóģĮҲְԼ˵ħʱĮҲ׼ġ
Щ֣ϴĮӵʵսӦò⣬ҷ˵ĮҪǶúڽ֪Լһ˿ǴԲڣҲ˵ģô£˵أ˼Ƭ̣ʯᣬ鿴ҽʥ䡣
ʱ仺ţʯоĮƵʱ򣬺Ȼɫһæҽʥ䣬ţűƿ
һʯѾڣֵҩֱѪʶ֮ãֵҩЧԼҽΣŵҩúûκηӦΪˡշɫһ˵漴óֻƿݸʯ
лշӣι£ʯȡŵҩշƵķԸֱĮʩչ֮£ҩ͸ףֽɢ
ŶЧʯһ䡣
죡շ΢΢һЦ
ô죿ʯЩȻ֮ɫҪЧշҲĿԿҽˡ
ЦˣӴ˶Ĳ֢ȴδʯϵ֢״ĪҪȡЦշһ㷢˵
ԣʯɫһеĿģԼϿǻ˵ġ
շӣѵǧûһأʯʵ
շƳƬ̣ᶨҡҡͷʵڶµĹأʵڲ棬޷ȷв޷ҩﲻʯѡ
ʯƬ̣ҧҧڵóһԪ֮Ϊأ
Ԫ֮շ˫Ŀâһ漴ʧЩɲĶʯ˿ڵԪ֮ʵټջκҲԵֿҲ޷ܾ
ǲΥڵԸɣȻʯԸó취ʦܿĲ飬Ϊεģ


İ˻ תԼ
շӵʦãĪշӵҽҪʯһ䡣
ԣշƵüͷһ£漴ЦЦѧͬɣʦҪѧϰⲡ֢ҽ飬ʵʦ˵Ĳ飬˵ʦ
Ŷ˵ĻǾ͸лλˣʯɫ
ʯѲؿĮǵı֣ʯֻǽףܷɹһģˣǰ˵һ¡
ʦԸЩŹ֣Ƣ̫ãҪʲôĵطʯѵʱൣշɫһ˵
Ŷû⣡ʯʼ磬Լҽģҽ߼ƽЩ飬ЩڼӣֻҪκԼķ֮ʯɲʲô
Ǻãȥʦѯһշ˵껰ȻһЦ뿪˾ңͬʱҲֶеĵ㡣
ǻˮŮɣҪ棬ҪɫǣһᵽɫǣʯǸһҪշƣ¿ˮ
Ƭ̣ʯĿڶ죬Įǿ˼漴תѣʯ˫ĿһæĮǰ
ôû°ɣʯеһ䡣
ǡ壿ôĮɻʵ
ȻǵˣԼĶǵãҸպҲ󵤡ʯÿɷ˵
嵱ȻǵãֻЩҲȿȣҾȻĻ˹ĮȻЩϲȴȻޱ顣
ˣô˳ģһӦ˲ɣѵΧˣʯü
ǺǣǵûУһս׷Ԫˣԭֻսһʵɱ֣ʩչ˳ȴ³֪ǷоȡĮ̾Ϣ
½׵ķԪǲ𣿻ˣֵʯˡ
Ϊܽ׷Ԫ˶ϻȵķԪ˾͵õŶ˭ûԼԵĮ˿˼ʯӣ仰ʯƿ
һɵţǵɾǰڹɽԭַЩ귢չľͱȽѸͣ˷Ԫ򣬿ҲһˣĮ˵Щǲôϡ
ʯŴԣ˫ĿһУϻ̫֮࣬˵طõķԪֻûԼõڹھͿԽףǻصɺ׵ġ
ȻҲпĮ˵Ҳпڱ𴦵õķԪ
޷˷ȥ֮һȥʯʰһս׵ķԪûʲôġ
أֲ㳹׵ˣȻЩһҵĹҲСȻҲƲᣬ侳綼һ
ֻ֮ʵԿߣǲһаܵУֻҪ߹ҾͱذɣϹŽ޵ȱ㣡Įҡͷ̾Ϣһ
㾹ȻԪˣʯȻĿ˿ĮһҲˣֻϵԼͬҪ츳˵Ҳ׷Ԫˣʵûʲô⡣
ϴٱԣԲߣˡʯȻ˫Ŀһһ֮£һضϽС
˶ϽҺɫģҳֱ̻һЩС֣ʯڶϻڣɽ˺ƽһƫ֮
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ĮûпЩС֣ǵ˵̽ķ֮ԽԽŨ겻ıɽҲһ˿ϲ֮ɫٺҲû˳
ȵĽ⣬ǼŽרõĶ֮պ㲻ڵȱ㣬ԭ޸ûȱ㣬ֻһֱûйѡĮۿֱС֡
ΪЩͬڶʯҡͷ
Į˫ĿһһϵĿʯڵʯѣ֪Ͻɷ񽻻ңòҪƷһǽĶ顣
ʯ΢΢һ㶣漴ЦЦˣҸղŵĻɲҪģãˣõʱ򣬾׼͸ģȻҲüһôûСʯʼ磬˵
ʯѣǻôͬԪҵһϽԽзԪļֵ
Ȼ޷ҵ壬ĳԲĶ飬ʲôҪкһĮ浽ɽ𺣾üͷĮһϵ֣˵
ĮӣʯһЦ
˰㣬ʲôɽ𺣣Ҫֵܣ뵶ɽ𺣵ģȻãҲûװ˷ɡʯЦЦĮļ򣬺һ죬ȻƻûȬ
ˣڸоôʯʵ
ڻӣԪҲָڸպʱΪ֮Ҫȫ飬ƶĮɫ
Ȼ̬ʯһо⹦ʵԽܣֱԲеĮǱ˴ãҪȻѲҪԼԼзϣʯû
ʯѣȲ˵ˣǧѷĻᣬȸϽˣֻҪϽȵĽ⣬ʵҲᾡָҲҪˡĮɫ
ƣʯһ£ɱЦ̫أɲܷơ
޷ԼҪǲУ鷳ʯѲ٣Įص
˼Ƭ̣ʯ֣صĵ˵ͷðɣȻ˼ҲȰһշӣҽˡ
ãʯѣҡĮ˿Ͻֿ˿ʯ
ǺǣףȥˣʱңʯҡͷһЦĮǸӣ뿪֮ʯ˸ڡ
Щʯһֱоҽʥ䣬ҲﵽһȫµĲΣȻԼûнӴĲ֢ƣḻϸļأʯоԼһ㡣
Ǽ䱦֪ʶҪʮϰ۾飬ʯֻҪǰֳɵľĵã˽ҽҪԼƣһʱ仹治һϸо
ʯɣںܶಡ֢ƣЩδŵ˴ֻҪԼһۣͿжϳŵĲ飬ҽ֮õҩҩǾ͸ֵˡ
ʯǰ룬ȥһˣɫոշſڱǴҦϵ
ʯӦһȥ˸ڣĮ䣬뿪Ÿ֮ڣ֮Ӱ
ʯѣҵʦáܷͯƣҪʦüһշ΢ЦָָŰɫȹϴɫɴŮ


İŻ Ԫ
ʯͯӣʯ˿ͯ΢΢һЦ˵
Ůһɫȹİ͹£Ƥۣ˫üͬ°ϸһ˫ǳ峺ЩɫĿʯ
ȻɫɴȻԳ׵ס־ʣһ֮¾ͿɲµһշƵĻˮŮֻɫɴ˼ظС
ʯͯɫһţͷﲻҪҶҸһ£˵˵óʲôҳ֣
ȿȣһԪ֮ʯЩΣͯƢЩŹ֡
ʦˣշ˵漴ǸĿ˿ʯʯѣʦԸˣҪ⡣
޷ʯһľ֮ϡ
ͯʯʵûʲôо仹շƣڴŮΪʯɲСһԪڡ
ʯЩ֣оŮϢЩ鸡ȣϸ۲ѿֲǸսûõӣ˵ҪˣԵʵ޷ҽΣ
ǲԻӣȻǷԪҪóԪ֮ǲ֪£˿òԪ֮ġ
ʯ˼֮䣬оһڣ˿ûзƾͯͯϲûʲô顣
ʱȥʯշƲ¶ɻ֮ɫ
һĹͯŻջȴû˵һľ֮ϣ˫Ŀһյĳ˼
շӣʦǣʯɻ
ǸʦԸŹ֣Ժ˵ģʯԵȣշ¶һǸ⣬΢Цĳʯ˵ͷ
ûãͯ˫ĿһʯڵڳһԵֿˣ׼ȷ˵Ӧһ˿֮ɡ
ϲƲΪǿ󷨽ƣǺķյеĹ֮ش
ԣʯ˫ĿһͯԲ֪࣬н֮շҲһˣ漴˿ʯ
о裬ּӦ֦֮ܵӰ죬Ե̫ʺϳʱսӦǷ֮µɼ֪ʯǷ֢״ͯһ䡣
ͯӹȻҽʯһ䣬漴ʳĵĻ⣺֪ͯӿн֮
ûУʯշƵԤϣܸͯɴĻش
ûУû㻹˵ô֣ʯиһ䡣
һְ취ʱ֮ⷴõҩ֮һʱڿȫѹƷ֮һսӦÿ֧ˣһʱ֮Ӧûǻָԭ״Ʒõҩ
һɫȹͯ췢˿˵֮ɳȶ˫Ŀ֮ޱϲû˿顣
Ȼȵҩʯ˼Ƭ̣ⵤҩɲԼƵĺãʱòǧҲֻˡ
꣬ʯɫλӣʯĳһλмɰƳҩ˵Żʯóһöʯշơ
շɻĽӹʯƬ̺оâһ֪ʯѵĵӶĪǽãԱϣʯͯ
ⵤһܵãʵһ±һַɣڵõǷʱ򣬻ֵרŽġʯɫ
ԭˣ˵ʶҩĪ˵ҵ壬´ҲûаɣҵǿأһֱּδţһʯѼõǧҲ޼¡շü塣
ʯ΢΢һЦȻ֪շ˵ҩŪҩⵤûа취Ū֣
ֲҩʯãڻԼǬţֻϧ̫٣ģóʵ飬㹻İա
ʯĳа취λ˵˵мɰɵҩʯٴʵ
ɣɣշƻش
ɣͯɫɲǿЦģ˿ɲҴʲôƱ
ʯ̾ϢһԼɵİգڼҽʥϵϸ飬ҩ̫٣ɰգʯɲóʵ飬Ǽֱڶ
ȻˣǾͷͯӳְɣܳ׽ʯĳԪ֮ǲóģ֪һŵҩ񣿡ʯɫ
ʯѷģֻҪϲǲܶҪģύԪ֮շЦЦʦãһŵҩ׼۶񣿡
򣡡ͯɫ˵һĪ˵ʯշƶü
ʦãһŵҩһʱļ۸ǲǡշƶ˶١
Ҫҳ־۸񣬲ȻҾˣͯɫ
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ʯѣ㿴շһǸ⣬ЩΪѵ˵
ðɣţʯӲͷƤӦһȻֻһСʱôҩؼʱܳȥܱȿű˶Լϲȥǿ
ʯΪСֻˣûڿͯһۣͷʲôɨǺɳ̡
ˣշӣ̿ɷ۸ʯĳʯʵ
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Ǻǣշӻ棬ʯĳȷҪɳֲϣʯĳһƷԪ֮ı£һۡ
Ȼǵͽױ̺ı˿Ǽټ׼¼һñ¶ԣͬʱҲǿʯûʲô
շӵûʲô飬ֻͯ˫Ŀһ
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ʦҪ˿շɻʵ
ͯ˵ͷڵʯѣֻҪ㽻һı˿ұ㣬Σ
⡭ʯû뵽ôõ£ܲɲһʯĿշƵϡ
Ҫǲұ˿ĵҩҲָˣͯһ䣬ʯʱɫһ䣬Ů̫Ե˰ɣѹֶʮ껹װͰ͵Ŀ϶ûҪ
շƳƬ̣漴ЦЦǺðɣȻʦҪʯ߱ǣ˿뵤ҩҪȫ֧
û⣡ʯ΢΢һЦԼòôı˿һԼܻ̣ԲȻĻշ˼治һܸ㵽֡
ʯһгֱָۣ⽣âһˢһ£ǽһΪһ뽻ͯһԼóһöԪָװһǧаҧĽշӡ
ߵʮ֮ڣԪƳˣͯתȥ
Ҳã⼸Ҹպý¼һʯ΢΢һЦշ˼䣬ǻصŸĮ


İһʮ ӡ
ĮڶϽ֮Уʯûдţֱӻص˾ң
һһֻƴСɫСУһööɫʱʱ֣ɢȵϢ
һƷԪ֮ħеõģϹеҩԿרҵĴʦˣϾҲҪġ
Ҵ˶̺ǧɽµĻоң㲻õ¯֮߶Ҳ߶£ҩѵһı
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Щ߼ҩҪ̣ʦҲ޷ƣԭûн𣬶ѵ¯֮Դﵽ־󾫵Ҫһͻʧܡ
һߣɫСɵգһת֮£ǻΪߣʯһ˦⼤ֱǰۡɳƳɵ̣Լ·ŵĴƷԪ֮սס
ʯֻһ֮£ֳһЩϣҪⱦ¼Ǻɳ˿ǲеģҪϡ
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ʯھڣ
Įڴ֮ϣϽǰһңɢ͵ĹϼǰѺɫƽ˫֮ϡ
Ȼ䣬Į˫Ŀһ죬âмһɽ޷Զ˫Ŀ֮ͫڣȻĽӡǡ
Į˫ĿһǰѶϽһ𣬶ϽҲƺڵֿʲôƬ̺һȻع˿һööϸСĽӰڶϽûĮ֮ͫС
һʱ䣬ϽϼϨû֮ǰĸоƮƮģһ죬һѺ۱鲼ϣɢΪһĩƮɢա
ĮûЩͫڽâԽԽȻĿϼֺȻϺڽǰ΢΢
һʱĮͷѾˮйϼԽԽʧǽӰӡҲһͬʧ
Įĺڽ֮ϣȴǳһѽӰڽһ㣬ںڽ߲֣֮ǿ̻ȥ
Įһģǽӡںڽϰâһ漴ʧ
ڳɹˣĮЩ㲵ϣ¶Ц⣡
֮ҪڼУ˷ֻǶһأǶɶѣĮЦһ¶ᶨ֮ɫ
˼Ƭ̣λһڴһ°͸°͹֮˫ĿźڽƬֻ̣нӡٴһ
һĻˣԭǰĺڽȻƾʧ·˫һ㣬ĮһУɫٳԳС
ٺ٣ĻӡȻֶΣĮϰԵĽڽڱ漴뿪˾ңʯķС
ֻʯǰһսףǴ֮ɫ
һҲţʯȤ
ƾĸ֪֪ˣк𣿹ϲˣʲôĮһϡ
ٺ٣һ¶ѣʯվΣһ֮£սױǴϣһֻս׻ŤΣɫСʽҲʼת
ϼһ֮ս׾ȻΪһɫۣʯ֮ǰͨһ޶Ȼս׻ûģЧԺǰĻۿɱȡ
ϾǴƷԪ֮ҾԣʯоֵԪ֮֮ˣ
ָô죬ǹ̥ʯĲҩõ˵
лĶϽˣ֮䣬ӦдŷɣĴŷҼöҲ֪ͨңĮɫ
ʯһ΢ЦҲãõʱҲ㡣ʯֵݳöŷûҪĮʲô
ʯѣԪƺˣɷĮʱ⴫շ
շʯڵշŶ룬Įڴˣһ΢Цĵ˵ͷ
ϲĮѿշЦЦ
лշȣ֪Ҫʲôܻ֮꣬ǰžҩĮɫһ
ҪʯĳԴʯȻ֪Įòġ
ѿˣѾҽµߣҽı֣ʲôꣿܾȻһˣ˻ʯҲ黳ˡշ΢΢һЦ
ǡĮԲǷ˵飬û˵ģͱշƴˡ
ǺǣĮҪ뱨ҽθ˰ɡշ˵
⡭ĮɲһأҪȷʵΪѡ
ЦģĮѲص棬ˣ֮ᣬʯѣźԪʦ˵Ľÿܳһ뵽ʱշƽƿʯ
лշӣʯĮͬ˵ƿ֮ʯɫһ
շӣȻҩɣʯĳȸˣʲôʱı⣬ܹǧʱ֪ͨʯĳ˵Żʯȡһöŷշơ
ĳҲˣԺҪĳȻ浽Įһ֣صı˱ȭ
λˣðɣȻλλշ΢΢һЦһƣ뿪ңշһֱ͵˺Ե˿һʯĮԶȥ
Ƭ̺·żһЩ㣬Įʯ׷׳֣ɵرǴ˺һߣĮʯǰ
ĮǺ⣿ĪҪƴ٣ʯоĮټԼƺĮнӰз
ʯѵ֮Įɫ
ŶҿСӰ屻ҴˣȻҪȥһ˵塣ʯЦЦԼƴ֮ǼֱڿЦͨԪ򲻹ôԼȣ
Բ֪УĮһȣһ漴ʯһȭ
ʯһɣû˿⣬ĮȭɲǣʯоԼнϯֲֿѹȸмֱϢ
״ʯҴ⣬ҲʩչȫֻĮԺһȭصһ죬˫һΣǺĲ
ʯĮͬʱ˫ĿһУ̾ڶԷʵʯû뵽Į֮ѸͣԲڷԪϹֵʵ
ʯѣǽ޻ӡʵӦ޷Ԫ࣬ҵĶ֮֮˵һػѣҶûжȫ´ʯѾͲòȫˣĮɫ
湻̬˵ҶĽˣˣһȥҷǾ۾ۣʯЦЦ
ˣһҪȥڹɽַ˽һܣ˷ҶҪսʯѱأǣ˵ŻĮԶȥ
Ǹս񣬳˴û¸ɣҪǸʱһ꣬ˣȻպȥڷ̵һ£Ҳ˳µĶ࿪ˣٺ٣ʯһ˼Ŵݷȥ


İһʮһ Ŀ
º󣬴ǣ
һֵĽֵϣһΪ򱦸󡯵̣⿴ôõӣǿάֲⲻ׬
һգ򱦸ĳ侲ڣʯطӰУƺʲô
ʲôʦԻҿҵˣ̫ˣǵ̣ڿɱˣطһϲ˵
㾡ܷſȥҪܿڡʯ΢Ц
ʦ⼸׼ˣҶƣ͵һ仰ˣģʮ֮ڣһöϱ֮ڣͬʱ̣Ҫһٳطг˵
ãȻôģҾͲٲʲôˡʯЦЦ
ʦ֮ǰܵ£պϲڣѹƲסȻһɽվ˳֮˵Уݽɽ˵ʶ£⡭طɲ˵
ɽʯƬ̣Ȼ˫ĿһǺǣʶڶϻʶһԲƻָˣ
ȷǴԲʵֲʶˣһЩɢЩɳϣЩɵӣҵǻˮ㣬ֲҽʶ԰һ侲ңû֪κ顣طС˵
Ǻǣ㵽ǽ޷ħģᱳѵģʱɣҪʲôҪʱ˵˵ľͿԣܺǴͨܵϼ̳ʵȻ͵ġʯЦЦ
Ǻãʦȥﱸҵ顣ط˵껰ǼҴҵ뿪ʯϾ֮£Щģȥתת
һһȥתʮ̣ȷʵûʲôʵĵطʯи֣ǾǼб˽ͼڵ̣¹ͼڡ
УʯٴνǼΪŸ󡯵ֻ̣Ѿϲʯһ¥˸ʽͼڡ
ſڴλãǴͼʦƷʱ򼴱ҲͼʦƷСͼʦƷͶڲ֪Ľʽ
ʯϸһͼʦӡ£඼ϤĴͼǣԼÿͼ̶Щɽ֩СͼʦӡϸҲ
ЩרЩͼʦƷֻһҳͼڣҲȿֺǿ߹Ħտ˵עҲǳϸ壬ʯ۽ϸƷζһʵЩͽ˶֣ҿڿഫѡ
еĴͼʦƷСӡɽ֩룬ֻϧɽ֩ʽ޷̼ὫֶſڣͼʦſҲˣĸ̼Ҷô
ֹˣ±𣿡ʯŻư˰֣һ䡣
ǰ˰ɣÿ겻ΣСӦ£С˼Ҳܣ̲ˮϾ̴˹ţʲôҲ̲
бүСҲҪǴģҲ޷ʱǻ˵ˣֲ˽Գֻۣѹ͡
鲻ô£ĸ̼ҶûʲôӰ죬ûһͼڶѣǰһߣЩ̼ҳµģʵҲֻ۱ֻۣܶûƲƲ죬ΪĿ
ҿͼںȫʯ˿ͼīûС
ǵȻǰŸ˵ֻҪǴеͼڣڶǾӡ棬ʱȫġһ˵
ι㴵ʲôϬţͼôµģҶ˰ˡ
ǣҵҲȰˣһ¾һµĵҳͼ˰ɣ̫ˡ
Ȳȣͼʦ飬ֲһģµȻϣֲ㻹ô£һм˵ʼ磬ûٶԡ
ʯ˿¥¥ûʲôرľӪԣ漴תȥص֮ǰǼѾ򱦸ʯһ侲ңٲ飬óʯ׻𾧣ӡ
һתۣһʱȥʱȦһ£Ǳڣͬʱҵ̡
طԶ׼ڱν°빦ļ𱬣ʲôֶΣֻҪһ̣Ȼǰȥ
ԽԽãЩסˣȻҲڷ̵ڣ
һգʯھڣһöŷϴЦ⡣
ٺ٣д֧ţȻĹڣʯЦЦڴŹ˵󼸺Ѿƣͨݣ̣ͨԼɽַڷֲ˴
ȻеĳһС⣬ڵԵУӰ̫󣬺ܿͿϣֻҪ㹻Դ֧ţͿԶôԪû뵽ô죬ȻؼԪû뵽ʯ̳ôࡣ
ʯѿڣʯ˼䣬⴫һ
ʯɫһ΢Ц¡ѣ
ű򿪣¡һ΢Ц˽һľ֮ϣʯ׵жţԲû֮ɫ
ϲʯѽ׷Ԫ¡˹֡
ף¡ѾȻҲˣʯЩ⣬Ԫģ
ϸ֮̽£ƺǸսײãϢȴǼȹ̣֪֮̽£ʯһȻ͸¡ʵΪֻǸоϢۺƺǷԪڡ
ʯһǷͬСɣҪû֪ͨķԪڡ
ǺǣҶѣʯڶϻȻûԵĳȻڱ𴦻ûԵ¡΢΢һЦ
¡ѣ㲻ֻǹϲʯĳɣʯ΢΢һЦжԴ˲ֲ¼ɣͬʱҲӶ˼ַȴ벻ΪҪΪ
ٺ٣ʯӦúģȻ㵣ڷǣ֪Ϊν̽ˣ¡ʵ
ҵô¡Ҫִ£ʯü
ʯѲҪᣬǵӵܷǺڷ̵̣ͬʱҲа취ݻǡ
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Щͷۣݣɲ׼ģʯöͷһΪѵӡ
¡üɫǿԶึһЩֻۣҪʯѵ̹ҹԺ󵥶ÿķá
̫ˡʯ붼Ļش
ԣ¡ϲֻҪ˵ɶŶǾأʯѣ˵ĿһңҪңһһǧ򡣡
ٺ٣ʯĳȻ֪һңðķգɾڰ˴һٴδѹǣʯĳ϶ܵǣڶܲðôķգһʵڲֵáʯһ
ٺ٣ҪܽϴһǧҲֵãҲգͰʯ˵һǺڷҲѲ˸ϵЩҲӷ㣬ػʲôˣٺ٣¡Ĭã΢΢һЦ˵
ʯĳһҪ󣡡ʯɫһ˵¡һ㶣漴üͷ


İһʮ ż
Ҫʯ뽲¡ɫһʵ
Ȼʯĳ˴ǲǸøһ£̹ҹĿģʯɫһ˵
ԣ¡۽һƬ̺󣬿ڵʯѣϷҲǷİţȷʵֻ֪ҹ񣬶Է߶кô
Լãʯɫ
ǺǣȥЩҹķˣҲʾҹߣҪϷ˵ʯδš¡΢Ц
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˼Ƭ̣¡ڵһЩ˿ݳǹҹ񣬿ɵõȻǺԣʲôƣȻҲ³⡣
ƽһ˵ܵʱ򣬲ȴƽˣЩʺСëҹȴкתϷҲԼ
Щݳ߹ݣ򲻻õҹıӻʵϷҲ̫˽аأʯʱ䣬оһ£֮¶Դֻкôûл
Ŷԭˣʯɽ¡˵ѣԷҲûҪԼֻҪȥͿ֪Щ˹ǷЧʯЩɻЧӺβ
ʯѵҪ¡ʵ
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ԣ¡һ㶣ĬãڵʯѣʵҲҪڷ̵̫
Լǿڴ̷ܸǲɲִκսңǱðڷ̡
ȻֻҪڷ̲֮սҲսʧϷеǶϾʯѵĺϷҲҴӦ£Ϊǣ̫࣬ʯ޷˽ġ
Ŷʯû뵽¡˹ϣԻ廹ǺܼɵģϾ˼ҺúõڴʵûҪΪԼȥŭ塣
ǺðɣҪͲΪѽ¡ˣףǺ죡ʯ΢΢һЦ
ãףǺ죬Ҫʯѵ˽£ҲȣĳǿЭһġ¡˵껰վΡ
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ãǽĳȸˣ¡˵껰˿˼䣬뿪˾ҡ
ʯ˼Ƭ̣漴Ҳ뿪ֱ̣˰޳ǿĸۡһϳʯҲûͨʲôǴʯ˴
ǿԶһľ֮ϣƺ˼ʲôƬ̺üһſڿȥ
ûãʯ˳ȥ
ѣʯЦЦ
ٺ٣ʯѺֶΣʱſộ񶼹ҹڷ̻㽥ɾġǿɫ
⵹ûУֻǳʼҪ˽ڷ̵飬¾һһϦܹɵģҺڷ̹̫ϣ·Ϊʯһľ֮ϡ
ǺǣҲߵ죬Ҳڻǳ֣ԲŰⲽ壬͸˽⣬Ҫ£ɲؾͿɵġ
ǿʱȥ˽⣬һ˽˺ڷ̵ڲлĻܶǳֻ֣Ҫ֣Ǿһɱǿɫһ
۹ⳤԶʯЦЦһЩֶΣ˺ͷеʱҲ޷⣬֪ڻҶ֪νλıΡ
ˣ֪ǧ֣Ƿǿ΢Цʵ
ǿǧȷʵ޷סʧ̾Ϣһ
ԣǿû˿֮ɫͷʯҲ̫ļˣܼѾвСˣȥˣʱ򶼲һ
ʯʼ磬ʾ⣬Ͼڵ壬϶Ҷ䶯ǿ
廹أʯĳһˣҲֻ˽ⵤıɽһǣ˶ɢʵ䱸ɭϡʯɫ
ȷ֣ʯѹȻϸ֮ˣȴأӲ֮£ԵʵҲ˽⣬ˣ̫ӵġǿɫ
ǿѣʯĳһͼڸ󣬵֪ΪҪͼڳۣǿӽһʯȻ֪ͼڵĺôֻҪڴһң̫Ŀˡ
Ҫͼڸ󣿡ǿ΢΢һ㶣ʯѣһһңȻ߾ͱΪ̹ѾĲ٣Ӫ֮Ҳġ
Ҫоͼ֮ҪĵģνĪĪڴ˵һ㶼˽⣬Ҫѧϰʵ̫ѣҪķѴʱ䣬Ͼ㲻ҴСӴֶ
ʯЩɻ󣬲֪ǿ˵⣬ɫʵʯĳҲһֻҪоһ£һԵĻῼһˣѻû˵Ϊι˳ͼڣ
⡭ǿüЦɣ㽲Ҳһ⣬˵ܴҶ֪ûۼǲµģҴȥһط
ãʯûʲô飬ͷǿ뿪˰޳ǣĳɶݶȥ˽ǷԪɶٶȻѾ·˺üС򣬵Ȼûͣ˼
ʯɶ죬аü֪ǿӴԼȥڵʱ򣬼˴ݱ߽磬ǿݹһһСͣ
ΪԴȻڴݱ߽磬ȻݷʯѣҴȥһˣǲҪӴӰǣֻǿҲ׻Ϊιͼ֮ˡǿ˵껰ʯԴȥ
һṦ԰ĳֵ֮ϣʯȴǱȽϷٱԫҪǿöࡣ
Щſڱǹ˰ͼڣվſڹЩ˲վԶֳȶͼƷͷ㣬Ȼ˵þһЩл佱ͽУ֮˵׳գЩȻýֵ
ǿӺͣҲûԵ̣ʯ߹հ֮£һСͬһưܵԺǰͣ
ѣǡʯЩ֪ǿԼʲô
ǺǣĽȥҪӰЩ˵ߣ
ǿϢһʯҲϢ·һûУһ棬ǷɵԺǽ֮ϣһģ֮˾ͳƾɵķ
ǿһǰƬƿ٣򿪵ķˮתͨ˸ʲô쳣
ףĪӣʯһϲһӰſ˯߶ѷź鼮ڷһѴ򿪵ȣдšӡ֡



İһʮ ͼʦı
ڰ躮ᣬ֮⣬һľľΣʣµľǴ鼮ֻˣһ֮ء
ſľ˯Ӵʮ꣬һۣһʵӣ·ʯȻԼŻʱƺҲӡ
ʯʶˣǿЩˡ
ʶ˵λͼʦ֪ǲʯû˵ӵģǿǻɽ֩ͼڵߡ
Ŷǿˣ˻һλͼʦǵƹɽ֩ͼڡǿ΢΢һЦ˵
ɽ֩룿ȻʯĳҪɽ֩ͼڵġʯ¶֮ɫû뵽оȻӣһɽ֩ͼڣǱ߿˵̽ѰǴܵɽЩôһӲʵ
ŶԭʯҪ⸣ͼڣȻ˵ĻǾȥʰɡǿԭʯҪ˵ͼڣֻܽƬǺãʯţһɷùζ
ʯüԼҪ⣬ʵҲ̫ãﵽһֵǮƷûУԵĸ㿷Ұˡ
ȿȣλӣ
ʯɿһû뵽ͼʦȻزûԼô⣬ȻܶߵƷȴû˹Щ˭
ԣ˯ʵƣȦܷڣͨ죬˿һ̬֮ɫ
λǣһ䡣
ʯҵͬ飬ڿµɽ֩ͼڣʯһ䡣
ԣüͷһ壬̾Ϣ߸ģҶǻߣ·ɣûˣʱȥͼڣ
ǲˣʯĳ롭ʯĻû˵꣬ڵһվΡΡߵʯһקסʯ䣬˵ơ
Ǵ߸壿ǾֱӰװҪ֪ǿʼ˵ĺܺã˵ǻЩ֧Ҵһʵжһס
ҲٿˣֻԼ˱ļһҲٻưͼڣǸߡ
ͼʦǣʯɻ
ǣǺǣҵͼڶ͵ˣҶѪһ񣬺ʲôûˡڵѪ
͵Ȼˣֱɱҿȥ׷һµʯһӺôңȵǧгǣȻ޳ֵܵزͶ˵ͼռΪС
ҵĺֹһĬĬıеֱתвͼʦˣԽͼʦԽԽ٣һͲˣΪǵͼڼѪ͵ˣһ붼ûֻܶӲЦ
ӣǿԸ㱨ģЩװҪ˲ͬھͿó㡣ǿü
ھ͸ұꣿͣ
ʯɫ
ҲˣɽɽҲҪˣһ⾳ѪɢάҴͼڣͼڶ˱Ȩ棬ʵͼڶǺĸĵ͵ˡ
ӡѸ˹Ħҵȴȥѵ˭棿͵˶ߵ˶󣬶ָָ㣬ҡڵĶ̫β˵ģΪ͵Ȼ
ҷǮҲлѾֲȥˣǸҲ˵ʲôʯǿһϡ
ֵ֣ſڹŸְͼڣһЩ뷲ΧܣеĬĬĦеƷͷִ˲ƣ
Ǹɽ֩ͼ𣿡ʵ
ˡʯ˳ָķ򣬼̼ɽ֩ͼڣûԼĶ࣬ﲻʮѡ
ֻͼڹĦߣ޷˽Ҳ޷ߵĿԣҽҲ׽ֻԼ뷨취ʵϸãǲɵԼ벻˸Ҷڮ١
ΪҲڻͼԼ￴صĶ࿴һᣬ˽˴ţȻҲ޷ȫǵĿԡ
Ͼ㲻ߣֻԼ۹뷨ǵĿ࣬ţһëѣ㿴Щɽ֩ͼڶ͵ҵѪҲǰұƵֵزף˶а취ǧУ˼ҾͳĹİڳ̾Ϣ
ʯѣɣһΪιͼ˽ԳۣҲдˡǿʯҪڣǴʯ
û۾ʱһŰۣӢһĸҹֳȣƿǰʯȥͼڸĦһ龳ߣ׵һ
һ£ʯûᣬȴӵʣ֪ӷʲô裬Ϊβڻͼڻ˼ȻԼײɾԲŹġ
֪һţʱ˿ܵɽ֩ͼڣЩȺе֮ĬĬĦ⾳ͨеĿ֣а׳հƷͷָָ㣬ȴִ֪˲ƣ
Ϭţͼڲϲ·˼ЦſԼϲƷ
̫⾳ǳϬţٴźãӦôơ·ΪǣаװƵƲƲ졣
ı𲻶װ㲻ϲĶ׼ϲڿѵ֪Ҳ̫Ϊ˰ɣ㲻ϲϲӼְ׳Ʒͷ˵໰·˼׳
ɽ֩뻭Ĳϧûû֪û˿ں̫ˣϧϧһӰ̾Ϣ
㿴βͼ̫˰ɣûµͼ˻
ˣ̸ͼʦƵģ´ߣ˵ײΣˣ֪١һа׳հӰµ
ŶҲǣ̫ˣѧˣԺʹѧߣϴĸ׳ţθײΣ´βûˮûҹƾȫҶҪˣһ
ǻβ߻ˣ˼Ҽÿ»һµͼڸ£㿴ЩߣֱĸһΣɽ֩Ӹ˼׷ͼںȻƷˣ̫ûˡ
еԺ˵ͼڣǲٿˡ֮ǰƿʯֳȸҹƲƲ죬мһ˵˵
Ŷԭǵүûү˵ľҪֵúãɽ֩ͼҼֿ꣬Ʒҿ϶ٿˣ̫˿һûˡһü۵ļһͣȻƿʯİݲ͡
Ӳ֪ʱĳȥһŭޣҾɽ֩ߣӡ̾ˣ͵ǵƷǾǷߵˣǵѪֱ׳
˭׷ֲĦߣǲ׷ĳٿ⣿ѵһɵǼ͵ߣҴϣǱٿˣΪ˼ɢûάִõǵʲô
Ǵ߸ҪǷ̵ۣżֽкõҲֻǶ죬˵ɵӣ˶а֧ģ
׷ΣҴ˰Ч棿Ƕ￴ӡͼڣǮȴָָ㡣
ΪǣңͬеƷ޷̫ͣ࣬ǶȥĦͼڣԸߣά룬ҲܸõذĴ
žһʢˣ־͸һƣڵתһȦˤ
ƲǿͼڵĹĦߣ˼ҡвšһԷ򣬸˵ӣͼʦҲ̫˰ɣүİдʣ˹ͣϾһȺͼڵģȻҪάԼġ
ҡͷһЦ׳հĿˣЦǰ׳вһԷͣάһĴϱ̫ˣĳܲӣ
͵ǵƷĦѹĦߣ͵ǵĶҪԴ㶺ˣ߶һС͵Ե·ˣ
С͵ָֻ˵ʲô벻ã˼С͵鷽ʽıƷάĦϲķʲôʳȰ׳յĻ
ǲ۲вţ֮أȡĦѵͼڣȾǶߵĲأ͵ҵĶҪȥһˣҵĦߣ
İ׳ջǺ콿ɵģԺܲܲҪô׳յ⣿еĵĦ߲֪ԭв͵ѹĦͼڣȾͲء
ģӵ׳գѵģҺαҪȥѵ棿Ķ˾ͶϸˣӴȥ˵ģͼеǣɽ֩뻭ƵĻôӿǸӡүﱻҪϿڷ
ǣĶǸӣҲȶҲ໭ţСүһ˵Ϳˡ
ү˵Ķԣڱֺõ㣬úȶ£˵һͼǾȥ棬Ʒ˰ˣӲŲȥ档һӲ˵ϾֻǶƤӣǮһûӰ
ĶȥĦ棬ȶ룬ȥŹܼ׬ǼǮȥҾ˴ʱ䣬԰Ĵ̫̫ࣿҲɵģŵӡͼڻű
ڷԲϣ㻹̸ȶЦǣЩһű̫࣬һȴԼ̫࣬˻Ů˻ҪƷվ
ȥģүһŰߵŭң˭ȨΪֻܱǹĦ߲ǵȨ⿴ڸ˵㻹ǹ򲻹
Ǻǣ򲻹ˡ͵ƷĽڣ͵ɣƷ͸ñ͵޴ۣͲ˼׬ǮˣԺ˭Ҵ
ΪκܶͼǿȥǼͼʦƷˣдͼʦºŻͼڣҲǻҩȴ֪ʵһ˻Ƶġ
˳ȥ˴£ֻܿЩ뿴ĿͼڣǺǣƭĽڣԼһ͵ɶѣȥͼǸã
ꡮǿͼͼʱǾ˵ֱʱǻڵӡ̸
еӡͼȷʵˣīͼ̸ѵȴˣֱʮҲǰ죬ǿͼ۳ȴ׬ǮûǮУȻӡ̣Ÿ˼˼Ϊβͼڡ
㣬ӡǺ𣿵ȴ˿Ц͵ɽڣȥ룬ǰƴ۲ȴû뺬޶գ
У̣Ҳɽ֩ͼڻϣ˸һӻǮʯа̾ۺŭĿŲҪĵү͵߻ֱ׳а͵ߵǫ
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ʲô£ҾͿ棬һҪ㣬˭ƷҾ˭ôˣܰӡ̲ǸǿûǮ棡үֱˣ
ûǮȷȥǼҴͼЩ󣬵ȥ̶ɣ˼ַĶһͼ֪֧档
һһپǮüˣ˵ԼַĶ磿ٴվ
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ôЦ̵⣿ѧϰǿͼʮꣿһ˲ֵõʲô㻹ӡ̺Żĸ
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Ϊǲ໭ƼͼڣͼʦɵӲ֪໭ʶ׬ǮǸ׳հѱ˿̫򵥣ΪͼʦǮ׬ĴҪҪ飬Ҫеġ
ܹҪȥ̸֧棬һ£ĸͼʦܲû飿˴һϿɣͼʦ˳Ȼм飬ʤһϵҪһҪķʽ߸˵ñ˵ɵÿ㣿㻹Ǹ
ڴͼʦ߶޷ȣûû֪ҲƼλòſλãֱľû֪ǣĹĦߣҲ⣬Ȿǳ
ֲǸûǮȥƼλӪûиǴֻͣ߶Ǽ̣Ϊά±ҪȥĻ
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ССͼʦûȥܵӡ̣ҲܲǼ͵ҪٻҪܻЩĵ֧֣һά±ܰĴ˭ְ׳գʱ뿴߶ˡ
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ߣҪ־ȥֵӡ̣ͼڣȻȥѵģǴɫռС˽ӲܱǴַкãүоԼ˵˵ϣư˼֡
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ʯ˿ǿû˿仯ʯЩɻǿƺʯ˼ͷһЦ
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㣬㲻֪˽Գ۵ӡͼ𣿡ǿɫһ塣
ԩˣƹһίû˽ԳۣûǮֻǸ󰮺ùĦṩһѽƽ̨
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үɱˣȻ˵Ҿﲻоÿ仰ǣҶˣãҾͲȥѵ档
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һ󺺿ڵߣ֪˵𣬵ͼڣ˼Ҵ͵˵Ҫ㵱Ȼ˼˵㣬ܵ˴̼˵뿪˼ҡ
ΪǾûָоΪӴ㿴ˣģеµߣ֪֮£Ժȥҿͼڣάͼʦ
תˣתԲЩ̼ǣҲҪ֮ˣȱ֮˵𡣡˼߶ӵмһˣ֪ķ׷źֻ֧֣ϧΪʱ
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ԭ̣ܿǵӡֻշѵĵط棬ǰ治֪
ֲЩͼʦԽԽ٣ѭЩ´ºŻͼڣһ۾ͿĳͼʦķȻı䵫˿ǰ֪˽ˣǾ֧档
Ⱥը˹׷׾źһ鼤һΪɢҲҲҪִ飬׷ܵȾ
Ҫ֧棬ΪߣҲΪͬΪԼϲҪҵķչȥͶӦӦĻر
ǲûĵˣֻǰ֪ѣ쿪ʼȥǹĦ棬һ΢ĦѣͿഴ߹øã˶󡣡
֧棬ȥǣҲѵӡͼˣԭ߶ô࣬ȴòԼഴͶǮǲǷˣеµߡ
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ʯ˰᲻һд󲿷ǰ֪˽¶֧渶ѹۿ
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Щٻȥ̣һѵĵĦЩҽеģһѵƼӡ¶ȥͶǿ˺ֹٱ
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ʯ̾һȴΪ˶ûƷ˻ֺ֧ãүŤ˳ǲܻڸĵģ˻٣һоñһΪߺеԼҪɽ֩ͼڡ
ʯȻɫһһ֮£ȡһöŷ
ףãھȻ򣿡ʯɫһ˵ԼͷӦû˸ҶڲŶԣű򣬿е㲻̫ˣѵԷԼݣ



İһʮĻ ս
ڱôܣǿüͷһ壺ɣһͬǰȥ˵ܰϵæ
أȻȥԼҪԽ鷳ǿѲ٣ʯɲʲô鶼ǿæԽǷԽ
Ǻðɣʯѱأ鷳ʱ֪ͨңһӵ飬Ͳõˡǿɫһ˵
ãʯĳȸˣ˵껰ʯ뿪Դ򣬶ݹһ֮£ڷȥ

ڣɽڣ
һӰææµµеάֻɽеڳϵָ֮£ͣ⹥Ȼ٣ȴ˿Իҡ
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ܣȻİΧԶԶȥѹѹһƬȫӰǧ֮࣬Ҫ֪걻ڹɽ֮ʱҲǲǧˣһǧ˴仨ˮ
ǰǿӰֱĹȵĵˡϼΰ¶Ķͳǧˡ
˵Ȼ٣ڿǴǰɱȣϾʮλֻʮ˶ѣȻҲû㳲
ڼռǰɽڹɽһ֣µӸǧٶˣֻ˼ٶѡ
Ȼƺƴ󣬵ĳţӭսռеƵڣϴյĵ츳սǿش
ȻҪ˵뿪ɽӭսǲܵģϾһЩ൱ҲûҪƴøһǧ˰ٽκ˶ϣġ
ȻҪǼóϵӲ£Ŷվ컹Ҫܵģһǿ϶ﲻģԸӲӦս
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ӿ˿Ӱ˵˵һ䣬ΰҲüЩʧ
ûϵǣֻҪϹһͺðˣĵʼ磬˵
һʯǷ֣ɴཫҲɵˣΰĻû˵꣬Ǳĵ˴ϡ
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ҪǶսǱ˽վǲסͺãֻҪ꣬ҲͲҪˣǼסǵĿڣʯ
޷вǣͱ˼ˣЩ˽˶ԹȷһطɣҪԴΪءĵɫһ˵

ڣԪڣ
һľ֮ϣ·ʮϣһֱüϣҲòӷֲϻ
Ԫϣϣγϣһ̵ֱϣ񶼻صţ󷨵һЩϣȫ˴ڡ
Ƿرˣһ䡣
棬ϻ֮Ǿͽͨɽַķֲرˡ˶٣Ԫϼڵˣϻ֮ǽ̵ͨĴҲرˣ֤Խڲ
ǾͺãͨݵĴʹǵ⵹ǲõģ˷Ƕ˹ȼ֮ĻϴֲĵӳϣŶزˡ̾
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ʦ֣ӳδػ䣬ԷԪڣֻһ棬Ƕ֣Ԫֵ
ֲӭսֻǳȥҾͲǻܶԵͽ׶֣ü
ףȻһǶ֣ǼӭսҲֲˣһǧ˰٣Ż֮ȳȥ˵
ֻҪúάŴͿԣĪ˵ţʱҲƲڡɫ
˷Щ죬ܷӳһ£ǿǸ˾֪飬˵ͷӦò˸µġԪɻ
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ǡɫһһ˿²⡣
Ѿٵŵвƺ̫ܡԪӿ˵꣬־òԡ
ԲҪŻ֮ӳ飡
ü˵˵ǵռĿҪڣһҶ󣬵ΪҪԸžţ
ǾţǾŵݣԼѹԲŻһԸţֻҪŲˣǲŸҶԸǶĿ꣬ԸֻмһвĹ̡ɫ
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ȻᣬҪֻͨԪǴֱӹڣһͨԪϹ϶ںģͺһֱӴϵ˵ͷ
Żţˣʲô˸ǵӣҵ˼ǣѾټɻŵݣһ岻κѹԶԲԸѾҪˣȫʵĿԸڣԪϷ
Ӧ˰ɣҲ벻ˣȻк̣ȻȻĿŵĻɱһӳƺҲںŵˡ
ҵҲؽţƾ޷вģٺ٣˱Ųˡ΢Ц
ţ治ʱزһ䣬ȻɵأҲû̫ţϾƾɲڵġ

һգɽ⡣
ĵӣԼΰľ֮ϣңǰһɳϣӣǲʱطڵԴ
ʱԶշһӰģ֮£ǳȺǰʯ
ǺôĵӣȻҹڣѵʯĳıĴʯ˿ĵˣ˵˵
ٺ٣ԼѱڳԣҪλݳţڶزȥΰЦ
ŶλбûˣҲãʯĳͿܷסѹߣʯ˵껰һתȥǷ֮ڡ



İһʮ ֮
ڣڣ
ʯոջع飬˿˽ʯһ顣
ܲĻ֤ǶٻЩɵŵݣ֪Ϊλü
ʯüǻģǲǼɵңǼɵ壬Ȼֻܡ
һӵ˶Կƺ̫ܣղҲ᲻ҳ֡
ڶܣǾӵ˶ԸݵĻ岻֮Ǳˣ㹻ѹҵݡ
ʲô˵ĪҲͻڲ˹ϵһӣҲѹݣû֡
ǣǸôĵȨӦò֣Ӧ޷붯֮ˡϹɻ
㲻ˣ֮ǰҿΰŵı飬ȻںҵˣҲգҸǿӴѯһ£ҪǻڧӦ֪һЩġʯ˵ŻǸ촫˹ȥ
ʱ仺ţʯĵȴظ˽²
ǺǣʵҲصģĲںŵݣҲû취εģƴɱҲһܡ
࣬ϴٺ٣Ǹ򲻽ģҲ룬ûϵϷϵţǰһ֮
΢΢һЦ˵Ȼĵ˵ͷʵԭҲû̫ģֻǸо˷սЩͻȻˡ
һƬɷΧϴӣάָ󷨣ȻģҲĲС
ʱ䣬˻ڻЦ֮ʱʯȴɫһüΪʯȴǿȴţȫޡ
ʵЩҪǻǰŲ濪ڣԷҲǰģȻ˭ûˣһõԤס
Ǹ˫УһգϻŻŵһӾ˵Ϣ
ϣ棬ţˣȻ˺öˣһɫѿ˵
üͷһ壺һӦɣǣЩҲܣķҲвСʧ
һѵҶһŷҲˣӦòǴ򽻵ΰǸ⡣
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ʲôǼ壿ѵţٻڹɽַһɣԪɫһ
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ʲôĸԪϲһվҲ֮ǰǰȡ
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Ī˵ڣǻ˶ˣҲвСѹƾĵˣӦ޷뵽˶˵ģЩɢޡ
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ΪĵڣҲûΪߣ߾һԪ۷壬ͬ׵Ĵڣڷ죬Ǹսײãǳڡ
ճϹһԪڴڣȻΪǺܸߣճϹΪ˳Ǹµˮ©ƶˣԺ˸С
һˣ沢ʶҲ͸ΪܺһЩԪһҲڡ
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˵ŻТԨϹ˫һһģĳĮ漴һȭֻ֮ԶΰоȭͷǿµԼ޷ܡ
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ТԨ֮ʣΰƺоĮ޷ֵԼֱ˿ռͬһʱʩչǻޣΪһֻߣĮɶȥ
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Įһߣְγɫӭһնݵһһɫƥգ˲˻ߣ漴ΰһѹȥ
áΰɫһ䣬æųƵֵɫƥײϣǰƵɶΰں汻ײϣһƺߣɫ΢ףɫĿѾڵĮ


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棬λҵĮصģʯЩɵĿ˿Į˵Ľһ䣬Ͼִս֮ʣ˻
ŶĮѣлսڣɫһȴǿɬĮļ룬Ҳ޷ԿԪ巽֡
ĮüһǸĿ˿ʯ
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Įҡͷ̾ϢʯѣӦ֪ȹĳһҲò飬ϾǾ֮
ЩˣʲôôģڳծҪôǱȹҪôʲôϡҩѾ޷֣ҲǱҽιش
Ե忪ڣǱ֣ҲûлؾأȻҲһЩˣ֮ûܵĳŵ֮˽Աĳ顣
ʵڲ֪ǹʯѵţʯȻûоȹĳȴǸĳ׵Ļᣬʶ˸߲Σȴû
ĳ˭֣ܶ޷κһʯѣĳȻ᳥飬ڵ壬ȥǡ
˵ŻĮתҪߣʯһס
ظʶȫԲ֣߼װ֣Ӧ顣ʯɫһĮȥ
Įһ㶣漴ĿʯЦʯѵ·񣬵ȻʺĳˣҲͲĮˣǣ
ȵȣĮԩ޳ΪҪֶԸǣĪշӵ˼ʯɻ
Ҧ֪ͨҵģ˵ҵľҩʦƣշƵĵʦãʦֱͯڡ
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˵껰Į޷˵ĳɽŴʯûʲôΪ֪ĮԸ񣬵ȷҪˣǻ߾ͲĮˣ佫ŵñҪҪҲֻ΢΢̾Ϣ
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Ȼǵ壬ǲһµȻ˵ͯҲûҪǿɣѵĿģʯЩɲ
쳤̾ҡͷǵԸ㣬ĵڵ壬óõ޷ܾĺô
Ϊֻеǣƻ壬ûԹۣ޷ݣѹ㣬޺֮ǣǲŲںǡ
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ԭоܼµ棬ɵüͷһ壬оȥһңھҪƣ漴ԸԪӽ

󣬴ݰ޳ǱԵʯӰģ֮£ǳ˳ڡ
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ǿĸۡʯֱͨƣһԺһϤٻӰקǿֱۣһί֮ɫ
ĸ磬ʺҳҲҳȥ棬Ҳ׼Լȥ棬̫ˡһɫȹС죬ǿ֡
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ףʯ磬ôˣС𣿡Сɫ΢죬΢Ц˵漴Ƿſ˱ǿֱۡ
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㡭ǿü޿κΣãʵ˭Ҳû취ζʯһЦʯѼЦˡ˵Ż
޷ǿѣ֪ΪڣĻ壬Ƿִܲ£ʯżɽʵ



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ʯӦ֪ǻƽʱҲڵ壬񵤶崫Ϣ˵Ҫ޳ʮĵҩǹڣ岻κνڸ档ǿüͷ
ʲôҪˣ̫Եˣߣ翴ˣϴҪŵҩȻܾңֱҷС
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ʯѣ֪ĳѣʯѻǿһ䣬ʯ΢΢һ㶡
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ϲ˾ٱͨʥйأ˵ǿƷԪԲƿйصľصءǿ˵껰ʯ˫Ŀһ֣вɵֱ



İһʮ˻ Ǳ뵤
ͻƷԪԲƿϽ磿ʯɫһ
ԪǿߣȻԲؼԶʵֱ֮٣ĳ˸֮⣬ҲֻһԲڡ
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Ԫ֮ϣȻ磬ͨʥںδﵽĴڣʯһ䡣
ǿ΢΢һЦǺǣ֪ҲΪʱ磬ĳҲûȥֻ֪ذˣֻǴͨʥͻƿϽܣ岻꣬ĳҲ
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ʯѣҪôӳ⣬ĳΪ㰲ţڱ߹һЩεˣҪţĳʵΪǿһת
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ڳڰСһѣ䲻ΪأȻĶ飬ʼ㶼ڰ
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İһʮŻ תת
ŶԭͯʦûݣһǲʲôĻЩԵ˵
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ȥԶǼʯɽ·һڣԲϥڵ棬ڴޣʵڴ˵ֵء
ȻжڣҩȻڴ˵رչˣֻǼڻܱܿҪɽܲϼһģҪһвĸɵˣƺҲ̫ܣʯ˫ĿһС
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İٶʮ ʶ붯
תתŮϵɫɴƮ³֡
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ʯ˫Ŀ΢еÿͯһ˼ŶԲߣߣһסȵշǰԼ¾͵ýˡ
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ʯöͷоϢеԴЩңڵ˵շӲǵĶˣҪǵСŮҲӦĶ˲Ŷ԰ɣʯ˵


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ʯ˫Ŀ΢У˿ǰǵٻӰǸȥҪûͯ·Լ洳˵ط



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ҵʵʵҲӲױ¶ⱻ嶢ϡ
Ҫǽ˲ڣǱ˻Ϊҵʵһ㣬Ҳ̫⣬һȻҪҸ׳Ƴ
ֻҪͳһɣƻʵ֮һҲԽ巢øӹҲȴʦһԸɡշƿ˿ʬ壬Ϻޱ˵
ҰģͳһɶкκôΪͺɱʦ𣿡ͯ˺ѷε˵
շӵĿģƺͳһɣͨʥйذɣʯ˵껰շоһ
ͨʥǴܵأǰʦͯü
ʯѣҲ뵽ͨʥ۹ȻԶҪҺͺˣҵȷΪͨʥߣֻҪͳһɣʱ˶ķԪʹͨʥӶñĻᣬǣйطͻƿİ취շɫ
˼ƾʲôصİ㣿ڱǰ㲻±˷ʯЦ
ǰǻѡҵģͬڵʦãϵĶֻҰ²ܽһΣɡշг˵ȻǴȨգʮ㡣
ߣԪƲǳ֣ġûô״Բ۷õͻƷԪĵҩкãͯЦ
˼ڼǰѾɹƳԪҲڰǰҾͿƳˣҲûʲôôˣ֪ʦ飬㲻ãȻļһշ˵Ż˵Цݻ¶ֶһаЦ



İٶʮĻ ֶԵ
ʯѣ㽫ʦȥõ֪ʦĶЫĳһϷʦģסһʱƬ̡ͯɫص˵
˷ңСʦû㵲סңʦҲܷӳ죬Ҫ
̫ˣֻҪһҾͿŵ幫СʦùǱ뵤壬Ƕޣö˼ϣɱʦ
Ժ󣬵ҾʵʵڵķⳤҲΪ֤ģϾʦõóľǶǵǽҵ⣬֮ǰ֪ô˵ʦ飬лλˡշ˵Żһӡ
أ졣
صʯţ漴ʯ֮УշһߣʯϵĽƻָ
ܴʯţҲûǸʱˣרĿţһշ΢΢һЦ
ñɣͯ
Сʦãô˵ʱ˻ᴫշƵĺã๷Ůʦ𡣡շƺ˵
ŹŮҺûаϵͯü
ɲУ˵ǹŮôͻԳһɱԶ˺µأʯӦøˣϴ󵤣ĵǼһﻹûңľͿһŶˡ
Ҳ˵֪˵飬ĵǱ壬ҪңֻóԪ֮Ҿۼˣۻ̫Сˡ
Ҫպɿټϻ尵֧֣ôڳأĿˡշ˵Żһ
ˢһ¡
һɫƮɶӭ籩֮£Ϊһʮ֮ޣ淭ľߣȻһнԪ֮
ͯüͷһ壬һһɢֺɫϼϯգһֻۺɫСһζϼһɫ۶
ţɫһȻﶼнףշʵǿ֮䣬ͯЩУɫڽڰ
״ʯͷɨһۣʬͯŲƵǽǣҷųһţʯнԪ֮ħǹ
ವһ
кâһһʮɴСĺɫǹֶܺɫħڣһɫħ漤շһնȥ
ߣշһߣһӡ
֮һâ˸ȻֳһɫԲ׻ƣһͽԪ֮
žžױ֮һ׻ȻֻǵͽԪ֮շԷԪ۷Ϊ޷Ԫ֮ܣԶʯенױǿһЩ
һ׻ɫħһ𣬱̼֮ɫħɢգɫԲǱĿϼźɫǹȥ
ˢһ¡
ɫԲΪʮ֮ޣһħǹ֮⣬漴Сħǹ˰գƾʯδ߶ȴȻɫԲ
ԪʵȻ£֮ȻҲ޷ֵʯ̾ϢԼ߶нԪ֮ȻҲԵֵԷн鱦
ߣھԵʵǰűҲ޷ӣó߼ȻΣҲⲻһ
շûյ֮⣬ҲûЦݣһаԼЫ
ֻշ˫ֺʮ漴ǰһƣһϯţϡϡ˻꣬ӯޱȣȴˡ
ʯԡ֮УƮȻּ䰲԰Σ
ʯСģжϴҾԻǵĶһСĲűˡ
ͯƺзշƸʩչʱס⿪ʩչ籩𣬽һƬƬ괵ܣ޷
ʯȴǺȻ˫ĿһҲ֪ܵͯѣн䱸һ֮£һܻǱɢ
ǹҲޣʯһɫ
ưŵģСҲ³շ΢ЦȴüЩ΢ŭĿ˿ͯ
Ȼô˽ʦ㣬Ǿ·ɣշһһĶͷһ⼤һ
ವһ
һֻ˶Һɫ޳ְգԶʯʱҪֲһ֮࣬漴ͯһ˶ȥ
ʱ䣬зɳʯ浴˲ˣƺ̶·Ҫˣ˾ص
޵ԹȻʯɫһ֣ͯȴǶˡ
һ֮£ͯǰһɫϼ⣬ܿХһ֮Уһɫ޽۶ɡ
ţɫ޽ϼһʢ˿Թˣ·Ϊһ壬ֻһ֮£׵ƿͼ޵塣
صһ졣
ķѣܻɫϼ˸һжָƽҲָ֮ǰļӲû̶ĸо
ʯûʲôӦշɫ΢䣡
㾹ȻʩչնˣôܣĪ⿪ҵĶָʵշɫɲЩɻĿ˿ͯĿʯϡ
ˣĪʦΪĶ޵ˣûκܿͯûش𣬷ķһ䡣
ߣƾҽƽҵĶСӰæû뵽Ķ裬Ȼħ£Ҷһˣʹãҵǲʱڣܳ׽ҵĶ
շһȣ֮ǰǰɣֻͫһͷϼ˸һϼڰһģ֮ĺȻΪһֻħԳ
ֻħԳʮɴСſȸںڼӲë͸¶һǿıֻȰĴ֣ʱĴؿڣޱȡ
ħԳǻޣͯ״¶ݣһĶͷһɫϯ漴ħԳսһ
֮ϣħԳһ±ץסɫߵβͣһ֮£ǽɫӵԶصײʯ֮ϡ
ħԳһԶɫȴǰȻٴγɶȻԶħԳȴȻηħԳ
շһжȻɫɣɫȻбߣѹͯĻǻޣƺҲʱС
Ȼ⻹շһжЧҪרĶսȫ֣ͯˣͯҲǳ¡
ʯȻɣ߶ħǹֵɫԲȴǽ֧״̬νֻм֮޻֮
мҲǼ
ʦ·ƺͯвһЩշ˫Ŀһһ֮£кâһһֻ˫ɫë淭Ļ۶ɣֱ赲ħԳͯȥ


İٶʮ ս
ۼ˫ɫͯͯɫԿշƱͳټ϶ԷһĴ
״ʯɫһݺĵǶģҪͯԼԵֵշƣ伱æһĶͷ
৵һ
йϼ˸һֶֻֻֻëޣȻɫԱշƵǻ޶һɫʡ
ɫȻȼǣշɫһɫ˫һ˫ɫ˹ȥ
лâת淭ɣһⲻʱըѶֻ˲ͲһȻշΪߣＶƺʯɫԼ侹Ȼµӡ
һԪڣѹڣնɱڷԪֱֵշ÷Ԫڣһ۷ڣնɱԪڣֱǺ
ֻշƺЩʧߣԼԵˣƺ򵥣ͨڿɱȣ
ְţǱӾȽ·ɣշɫһε¶ɱ⣬һӣȻּһԪ֮һɫɵա
ңһнԪ֮
һӵԪ֮һе棬Ҳò֣еķԪԪ֮ûУֻܶһƷԪ֮ʹá
շƵԤƣ˼һʯȻ޷ֵóͽԪ֮ҲԵֵԼѹͯҲһ䣬׼ʩչʯΧ
ವһ
ʱֻʯڹâһһɫɽһģ֮󣬱ͣͷϿգɢ˪ֻ棬ƺѹһЩ
ʲôȻи߽Ԫ֮շ΢䣬漴һϲúúãû뵽㾹ȻӵԪ֮һȱһжˣ
˵ŻշȻһߣڰջһߣʯһնȥ
ֻʯ˫Ŀһңңһ֮£һͳ֮ܺʤ۳һ
ಡ
һ鱦ı׶ܵĺϯշƣųһɫϼԼһööϸСӰϯű׶ϯȥ
žž
һĦǱ׶ǵصӰɢգţǾһ
Ȼֻн鱦շΪǿᣬ߶ѹޱӴǺֻǵֵƬ̣ǻˣƺʱҪɡ
ֻҪɣʯȻܵв
ʱʯɫصĵһһŵҩУԥ˽ȥǺԪϾҩʱƣ֮ǰʯһֱûá
ֹؼ֮ʱʯòҩˣȻ岻ȥôԸǰŮˣ
֦𻨹ϼһһɾΥˬ֮ϯʯڳǰշƣǰһ㣡
ˢһ£
Ȼһ𣬱ĿâһͷŶӴȫ߶֮£ȻǿĵֵסշƵĹ
ףԪڣȻۺ񣿡շȻüҲû˿ɫ׼ȫ߷֮ʱдһ
ɫＸʯµҩɲǣȻһɢӴѹȻշƵ˫ɫ˺һֻ
Ȼ˫ɫٴ۳µĻ򣬵ʵȻܵâ˸ɫѹƣͯҲɫһû뵽ʯûƣʵȻ֮ǿ
ߡշ˫һ꣬ûᱻѹƵĻ϶źɫҩְգ漴Ϊһɫ
ţһɫһ֮£ʯȥʯ˫Ŀ΢Уһ֮£ʵ˼֣ȵĽɫ
ֻҪԪ֮ƿͬ׵Ļ⣬ʯȴǷ֣ܵĵҩԼɫȻиʴá
ôĹʯͯĻ⣬ǽʯĻ⣬ǺɫʴѾ˺ɫ۵㣬ƺʱƿ⡣
ʯ»â˸αۼ֣ͯȫҲԶԿշƣʯ׼֮
Ҫ֮Ҳ޷ռϷ磬Ǵ˷˿ɾΣˣϾͬĹʩչԷΪϵʵҲȻռϷ磬Ҳշơ
˵ǰް˭жףֻʱ⣬ʯҩǻ׸
շƼʯ˹΢΢һ㶣Ȼûκζ֮оƾԼԪ۷ǿ壬ܸʯһˡ
ۻ۵ȭͷǰһȥصһʯײһͬʱ˫һΣշƵĲ֮ࡣ
ʯǵſסΣ䲻̾ϢһϵĲ̫һЩҲֲж幦пӲԪռϷ硣
ʵֲշƣʯһʱ侹޲
շƵķӦͲͬˣ˷ȫ֣û뵽ʯ֮ǿᣬȻӲԼһȻֱǸ̥
һﻹѲҲգЩֶοҪ˷һЩʱ䣬Ǽʶһ¡Ԫն붾ϵ֮շ˵껰ͯɫ˲һ䡣


İٶʮ 
ǿѹʯͯ£շȻʩչʯˣƺûôľˡ
һ죬ȴֲ˫ϵĲࡣ
ֵЩ֣ʯɣֻҪԼԷԼıᱻɣǽԼԵĴ
շȻһ΢ЦȴЩȻ
˫ڰһһ΢Ŀռ䲨ʯԷ֣շǰĿռ䶼ЩŤ
һ
һŤĿռϼȻ仯ΪһѰΣС䵶ܿռ΢΢ŤƺǴԪռ䲨ɵĿֲֶΡ
СӣԪնȫʢʱҲҪƴ赲ҵʵһҲ޷ֵ˻֪ʲôԲߣͯɫ΢׵˵
ԪնǼĶǱɣʯɫһܹоԪնϾ޴ѹԼֹ
ֻϧ㣡
ŲԪնڰջ۶շֻһӣһɫû벨Ԫն֮ڣֻ䵶Ȼһ𣬾ȻɢҵĿռ䲨СİµӰ
ֻħԳɫߣԽӴԪնನǱ׵˺飬˲Ϊޡ
ʯͯıҲҲƺܵ˲ԪնĳѹҲԽХϼ˸ͣ
ʱշƺȻȫֿƲԪնʯͯıһѹһɡ
ǿֲޱȵĲԪնͯûκ֮⡣
СӣܷͿֵܲܵסԪնˣͯʩչƱײǰ䵶
ʯͫһͯԸʲôȻһߣԪ֮ųĿϼŰ䵶ӭײȥ
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һһĿűѶʯͬĶ֣ȻҲ޷շƣԪն˵ıѹƵýڽںˡ
ˣ˷֣ڱļˣѾԵĳ˺ɫߵ㣬ȻǱĳֶԸʴˣշƵĶȻԵ
ŲԪնɢĺϼƺ̴ܴһ㣬ȻĿǰʯͯĻֵȴⷢƺʱƵ
һƣշƵĶֶΣ﹦òˣ˻׵
ʯͯɫ΢䣬ۼԼı΢΢ٵԼˣշƵĲԪնϯһԣŶ˱ƽ
һԵֵѹ˶˵ͷΪϵĲ࣬ʵ̫ˣ
ۣ
촫ﻹûбɣԪնನѹϯԣǽʯͯĻƵ
˲ϯʯͯ壬һɫڣоЩ̣һӰ˲˶ˣ
ͯӣϷŻʯһ˦֣Ӹͯһŵҩ˷µҩȻǿֿס˶ԵನӭĲԪնȴɢв
ߣǶ֣Ȼƽ˶շɫһ̧ȥ
أ
Ԫ֮˲䱻ɣԪն䵶ܿռ䶯ɢںʯͯӭնɫ˲һ䡣
ĺͯᱻ˷ÿһΣһᱻߡ
Ԫն֮ն
ͽ
һʦ
һһĿϼϯ
һʮ֮ޣɢɫϼľ޽۶ɣǽĳȻӭײ˲Ԫն֮ϣ
շͽĸֵʱɫ˲һ䣬Ȼһ޴Ŀ־壬ЩãȻЩ⡣
ͻȻıʣշ۽һ֮£Ȼжһͣƺһս˶Ŀ־֮Уиǳţ
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һһŴĿѶֲನϯȥʯͯನƳʮ֮ԶſסΣҼæɫһ׵ٴʩչ˻⣬ֵǿֲನ
ɫ⽣һƥ磬շ֮ʣȻһն˲Ԫն漴շһѹ£ɫ⽣û£ܵǳѺۣռǴһֵͳ֮
շһ䣬ʧɫļһƻǰһ̣ɫ⽣նڶ֮ϣȻһнԪ֮նһѺۡ
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ɫ⽣Ѷֲನƺɣշ׵壬ǹɾײ˼ʮԶһֱײԶǽڣصһڵ档
ۣһѪ
շɫһףһϢ󽵣û֮ǰĴݵг˿־ãȻ
շ΢΢ҲֻΪеĿ־壬˵ԵʣгԶһɫӰ


İٶʮ߻ 
ʦʦ𣿡
շɫ԰ֽڵ棬ͷ̧ӸǲţɫӰƺһַĵĪ־У
ʯͷһֻǽǴȹ֪ʱ˹һׯϵգ˫Ŀշƣһ˿ʹ
ʦʦͲһûµģ̫ʦ
ͯƺҵϲõˮ˲们䣬˭˵ֻѹŻģͯϲ
ȹҩȻǷԪԲĴڣ
û°ɣȹͯ΢΢˵ͷ漴ɵ˸һ˿ɫĿ˿ʯ
£ʦ±áͯһ߲飬һ߸˵˵
ͽԼ˵δ㣿ȹɫһ壬Զշƣεһ
ʦ𣬵֪Ȩʦ飡շƻ̧ͷ˿ȹǿ־벻⡣
ȨǣҪֻȨǵҲˣ㾹Ȼʦ棬ɱͬţת޶㻹ʲôģȹ¶ʹϧ֮ɫ
֪ʦٸһλᣬԺԲԸ˼ԺԶ뿪벽Ϊʦڶˡӡշ
ˣ֪ãĶʦ֣ȴ޷ɱ֣ȹ̾Ϣһҡҡͷ
лʦˡһʹǰǣշƼæߵס
ԼĴԼȥ취ֲ֪ͨϢս֪ͨ壬ͦڣȹ˰֡
ԣշ΢΢һ㶣ʧɫոЩȻͯҲЩɻ
ͦڣշЩز
ȥȹɫһ塣
ǣȥ죡շƼææվΣǵѪҲ˲òãæ˶뿪
ʯĿշưȻȥŬŬ죬û˵Ͼǵ壬ɲԼֻǶȹĿݣ˸е⣬Ȼô׵ķշƣ
ͯûʯôɵ֮£ǿڵʦʦʦ棬ô½
ͯĻû˵꣬ȹǰ˰֣Ҫ˵Ȼһ۵һһںѪ˳
ţɫ԰ޱȣݹⶼֲסͯһ䣬æסȹ˺ǾԲ̨֮ϡ
ʦ㡭ͯһãȻӡ
ȿȡΪʦӡҪǸϽߣǸûл·ȿȡ˵ŻȹٴһںѪ
״ʯ¶Ȼ֮ɫԭҩ֮ǰ΢磬ǿװģĿֻǺշƾͯ
ʦˣҪ벻㣡ͯٴγ
ɵѾͷ˶һұչһʱ򣬸ոս״ԲĹؼʱͽȻ˽Զˡ
䱾ΪұɣϢ֮ƺû뵽δҵʬ壬ⵤңּһȷҺϢ뿪
ȴûϵʩչԪϢֻڽ֮ʱЧƭһ٣ΪʦżͬˣõһֺҩԵֶֿԡ
ҼǷֵҩҲȻ޷ֶֿԣټһΪʵǿѹƶԲɢ
֮ǰָֻҵ˿ڣմȾһ㶾ԶѣѪͶˣͽĶǳһӦ
ʦսһߣȻ֪Ƿ飬ȴûΪԸֻͻһ
Ҳҿ־ʩչǿ֮ʱֲǾЧҪ壬֮ǰȣҲ˵ΪϵĶѾʼɢˣ֮ǰߣǶһȹڵ
ԭˣֲʦչһʦ˸һϺɱģʦСֽⶾĵҩ㿴ûЧͯ˵꣬ת׿˿ʯ
ʯüҪһǧɤۻǱ˻ȥ
һһŻУ漴ͯ
ûֵҩλСѣͺδõֵҩģȹһ˷ãɴ˫Ŀʯ
ԼƵģʲô⣿ʯü
ʶϣȹ׷ʵ
ϣʯɻ˵ǸҽӦòǷҽ
ȻʶȹһȻ˵˵㲻ݣҾϣõһŻŽѹסڶԣȴûƽ⡣
ʦȱ˵ЩˣһŻƻЩðɣͯɻ
Ǻǣ΢΢һЩԸֻܴˣȹҡͷջ̵ǿŻɫкתһϢԽԽ͡
Сӣ㲻ҲֻҪκʦһǧΣͯȻʲô
棿ʯȻûаգջ޷ܾҳɹʧԼҲûʲôϵ
ӻƭ㣿ǧṩһЩҩͯɫ
ʯĳûʲôգʧܣϣͯӲҪԼˣʯĳҪһ뵤ʯɫ
УԸ㵤ҩǵͯû˵꣬Ǳȹϡ
ɽܽκãĪ˵ĵԪĵҲԸ㣬ȻҲЩģǺˣȹɫ
лҩǰ͸һ£ǰҪֿˣ˵Żʯ֪һ̽漴ɨȹ
ȫȻûеֿƾʯ޼ɵļţĹʯüֶЩӡڹĶƺ
ҩǰǷ񲻵֮ҲɢоԻӻȴûа취ָʯһ䡣
ɽ˲ųʯСѻ棬Щ֢״û뵽ССͣʵõѲ洫ɣȹ΢Ц
ȿȣ˵ǲһˣȰѰƽⶾ֮ɡʯɫһ˵
ʯǲ˼˵ʵԼǿҽҪƽ˶ҪУҽܷ˵ʯû취
벻СҽĪóĵԼƳģͯЩĿ˿ʯ
ǣˣҪϸоһ£ƽǰ֮Ҫжҩ֪Уʯεһ䡣
ֻȥʦҩ԰ˣʦȷȥ˵ŻͯҪȹ뿪
أ״̬ȥȻᱻһЩϿʱշƶУǳȥõҩɣʦԼ˹ѹһҲʱ䣬¾ͻ᳹׶ȹɫ
ֻһµʱ䣿ͯһż
ͯӣ˷ʱˣƵҩҪʲô⣬Ժʲ٣Ҫʦ֮ǰʦⶾȻǻΣա
ʯ˵껰ȥϾʱȣʯƺõҲвҪλҩͯ˼ǸȥʯҲŻ


İٶʮ˻ ĵ˵
󣬵壬ĳʽڣ
ʯУǰһҩвɵ̾Ч֮ߣȻҲ䱾ʵ벻
ΪʯȹжЩӡ󣬴о죬ڹĶҵƽ֮
Ȼ˷ҲһЩҽĵã
ʯڼ䣬ʱͯԼҪҩЩ綾֮շƵҩ԰ھУмûеģҲܿˡ
Ҫôҩȫɹٴ󣬿Ҳʱڴ룬Ҳǵֵƣҩ
ڵԼоģʯҲұ֤ǷЧֻǸҽʢϵľĵãгĽⶾ֮
򼴱ˮƽٸߣûʢЩĵãĪ˵ĳɹʲߣҲ벻ֽⶾ֮
һϵ¼нʯҽһ߷塣
ȻҲʢ䣬ʯ˸ˣ·װ׵õྭ֪ʶ֪̺ٴ˵ĺˮᾧ
Ŀ˼Ƭ̣ʯԺ˼ַ漴һ㣬Զҩһת漴ΪߴСһſҩǷ֮ڡ

ͬһʱ䣬ҲϷԵת䣡
Σ֮ʣۼżǿ߼ɽŴĻ䣬׼Ƿһʱ
һѩϼ˪鷢ˣ
ͻȻˣ֪ͨڳʯݣŴս֮Ȼּ֮ǳߡ
ڿνĻ䣬û˻ıӻ˶ǿߣĪ˵ˣҲڽӡ
˵ԼЩ޷̫󣬻Ĭ飬ɣ֮ʯݣڴ㡣
Ȼ㲻ʯݣʯҲԼȥˣǱǶڻ壬Ŷ
Ҫûݣʯܿͻʧʷĳϣ
ϹκηĻᣬŵҪǻҳ֣ұ֤ȥڡĵ˹Ц
ߣҵһ취дӣΰԲѵЦ
˸˻֮ʱԶȻһٻӰЩ˲ʶŮһЩ߽ȴϤŮ٣Ͻ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
շģϾͻὫ£ٺķʱ䡭ĵ˸߲ҵ˵
⻰ֻ˵һ룬շƱҡҡͷг֮ܵã֮ǰλڹڡ
˽˶ԹģһŲܣĵˣǵĺôԭⲻĻǣȻܲ˵һҪһ䣬κʧ岻Թۣ
˵껰շƶһöԪָ漴תȥûڴ˵κͣ
ĵ㶵öԪָһʱ侹ȻЩزΰӸǱ齩ӲǿճϹȥȴûƵֽ
Ϊɢ޴ͷߵТԨϹֻЩɻ󣬵ҲûжʣȻҲǰʣ
ǺǣȻˣҲ˻ˮѣҲɢ˰ɣ˽˶ԹϷٶԣλǣ
ТԨϹ˵껰ƮȻȥҪǵ棬֣˵ģǲԸʯɣ˴һкȥ
״һɢ붼ļæԶݣ±ڼסԼףǿûɳɢҪڼǳԺӿɾͲûˡ
ҪǴ˷ڻãڣȻ̫ʵ
ôһĹĵ˷ɢߵһɶճϹҧҧǼթļ֮Ҳ˱˱ȭһТԨϹȥ
ʱ򣬴˵ֻʣ
ֱĹȣ¶ϼ壬ǵĴ϶ʯˣٻЩڣȻѾںЩνĽڡ
ôô죿ΰЩɲʵԼ䣬ֲõԤС
¶ӻڵƾʯڣҲڣϾѾҡҡ׹ˣʯûݣܴ¡
ڣȻԪˣڳӵ൱ɣټϵƣһʱ䡣
ʤҲǲʤ˵ϿΪɣûЩκǴ򣿳ǻɱϹ˹ͽ׳֣ǵĳϵ̫࣬ʯһϾѾˡĵ˵
Ȼ˿УλˣշǰǾ仰һʲôʧԲԹۣʲô˼ѵ׼ͦڣӾɲ
⡭ҪǹˣǻʲôȻڼɵп޵ʯǵʵ˿ֲܵﵤ塣
ڣпǣֻǻûڵĺˣ˶˼ᣬ˭ֵܵΰɫһ
ԪϹ³ϵȻڲϹ
ڻɽڣһֱڴڣһɳ棬ֻǰԪڣҲʶշƣû˽̸ʲô
ֻԶԶһŮӣ˵˼仰ĵ˾ɢˣʣµϹɫҲ̫á
ԪЩɻæԪ棬һ֣֮ƺȻϢĻˣԪûзӦ

߰󣬵շƸոսʹʱ򣬵ʯڵҲڱ򿪡
һµʱ䣬ʯӿʼƵʧܣڳɹƳһŵҩû˿飬ֱҵͯ
ͯĴ£˳ҩչڶ
ǰϣҲʯ֮ͯҩ֮ʱȻЩ㵣ȴûʲô
ҩǰʯĳ׼ĵҩ˵Żʯóһ֧ƿ
ȹЩ㲣ƿ֮󣬲üԶ֮
ֶԣҩƽ⣬һֶԣҽ֮Ϻް취ֻܲȡԶҽϵİ취ʯɫ
˼Ƭ̣ȹ˵ͷ
ƺҲЩƣҪǧӦþðɣȹ
ԣʯ˫ĿһҩǰȻ棬ȷ
ʯСҪһҩ御룬ʯСⵤ忪¯ɣκ֮ϵҲˣʱЩ飬ҪʯСġȹ΢΢һЦ
ǣʦ֮ͯһĨɫʯνԼҲЩҪҩġ
ˣȳȥɣ֪ͨгϣºһأִƵ壬ڼշҪңֱƣҲκˣϵҳ֮գȹһа׵֮ͯӦһʯ뿪ʯ



İٶʮŻ ޴ջ
߰ʱ䣬תۼţ
ĳ䵤ڣʯõȫ֧֣вϣǧڣ˳Ƴһųɵ
ȻҲʧܣ⣬ʯûгأΪͯһͬĻĵ
˵Ȼǽ״Բ֮ȴǿԴ׼ʣ߶ԣһ˿һĻᣬҲԲŹ
евϣʯܷŹֻ᣿ˣʯͯռҩ
Ϊ׷ԪԺǰЯĵҩѾûʲôôˣʯ׼ѹһҩ
ԸԼƳ֮ƷܴԼĵͯĳüʯֱӡ
ϾҩǽʯҪʲôͯ㣬ֺһʵĻᣬʯܷŹģЩҩԼò꣬ûȥڵӣȥ̳Ҳã
ʯȫ磬ר־ĴĻӻҩԼԽԽģںķ˵ҩģʯֻʼ磬⣡
ʯ֪ǣȻ̫ͯˣҲֻΪʯʨӴ󿪿ڰˣЩĵҩ뵤˵ţһëѣ

ͯûʱʯˣΪշѾڻ˻ʦصڣҲֻʣѡ
Ҳ֪շǺҩӣǵı߹޷ߣǸоҩ˵˲ɱԼ׼Ļڸģ֮Լص˵塣
շƻصһ죬ûκ쳣ƺֻһЩģڶʱͯ
ͯûԼķ䣬ҩչ֮صɽ⣬ǰϹͬ
ʦãʦҪʦϴշһɫ˵
ʦ㣬ʦƣʦԸκ˲ڣֻʣأʦ㲻⼸ʱɣͯɫ
ԣշüҲӰʦģֻԶԶ˵ϼ仰ͺãʦܷͨһ£ΪҼĪʦʲô⣿ƺٻ
ԣЩɲĿ˿ͯ
Ǻǣʦô˵ʦҪºٻҲ˵ʦأڴˣϼ֤ҪǷҪǿʦ϶ȫȻ㲻ʦŭ𣬾ǿǣͯ
շƳƬ̣ҡͷһЦʦˣʦǿҲ⼸ˣʦأʦ˼ϴ͸λˡ
˵Żշƹȥҩأ˭Ҳǿô̶̼ܳأ϶ûʲôˡ
ҪĴ˽ȥҩȻǿɾͲճˣΪּɵͯ²շƲ뿪Ҳҵġ
ʱ仺ţշһֱû˵أ
һֱ˵죬ҩ֮գշȴˣϾӵģҪӭһʦصģ˵һ죬Ҳûҩء
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졭
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ͯҩƣȴٳټˣⲻ˶ͯ˻ɣȻҲû˵ơ
˸˼ȴйȥ˰£ҩ˵ĳ֮գƳһ£ɽʯȻգҲûмҩӰ
ͯסˣʯƵĵҩ˵޷϶ЧģûгأĪǳ⣿ͯЩ֮ɫ
ȷϷ˵һǰأⳤü˵һ䡣
ⳤϱּߣҩһˣԶҪշƻͯλ϶ǹмѡ
ͯ˵ͷ
Ҫȥⳤɫ
ɣʦ˵ҲԽȥͯȻżȴΥʦ
Щļȴ߰շ¶΢Цվͯ¶䱸֮ɫҲ˫ĿһУշӡ
ǺǣλؽţȻʦδأʲôҾͲڴ˵شˣʦأʦ֪ͨһշ΢΢һЦȻתȥ
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ɽʯŻ˿շ˵Ҫ뿪ʱҩӰڳˡ
һϮɫȹû˿ƣ㲣ȣò㲻ǣҲóһλŮ
Ȼʮ꣬ȻгŮеζҩһϢȴǷ޷͸
շڣ֮ǰɽܸоҩ鸡ȵĴԲ磬ڣȴǸ͸ʦľʵ
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ӭϷأ
ݵ֮շͯԼλϣæվʩһǹ֮ɫóҩеķʮ֮أ
ʦ𣬵֪ʦ𷣣շͨһڵأǻں֮ɫ
ȹü̾ϢΪʦڶڵܾãǿӲѾûˣѡȥǼһС
лʦˡԺ󡭡շƵĻû˵꣬Ǳҩִϡ
ˣԼȥⵤ˼ʮڲ뿪ⵤҰ벽Ժܵȥʲôϣ㶼ҪƳɵڣΪʦ۲һһģȥɣҩ˰֡
лʦ𣬵ȥⵤҡշ˵꣬а㵢飬æվ뿪˴˵أҩ˿ܣĿ˰ϡ
λˣʮ굢ȿޣҴɽ¼ΪλһŷԪҩ˵껰ڵҲɵü
Ԫ֮Ϸ׷׸млҩ
ضˡҩ˿ͯСôû㲻˰ɣ˵꣬ҩɫһ壬ƺЩżӡ
ң˺̰ҪһѲҩ͵ΪסԪĵҪȥ
ֻʮݷԪĲϣϾǵԪĲҲ࣬Ҳճ֮Уڻûгءͯæڵ
ܺãЩܣΪʦҪѯһҪԼأϴңҩ˵꣬ͯӦһ
˻ȥʯصһɫ׷뿪˴˵أȻõ˷ԪҲһܽ׷ԪԼ˳ƿĻᣬǰ·زЩԪϼһҲһԣ

ʯ֪˴ʲô⣬޼ɵĻӻŸҩ˴ԼҪĵҩ֮Ҫĵҩ
вһЩԼϡкĵҩҲó⼸ֵҩΪⵤҽʥϵõġ
ڵС꣬ʯĳأ䶼ûоôã뿪֮ʯǱһְسϣԴ˵ҩͯҲڴ֮ڡ
ʯСڳˣ˷ջԲСɣڶϻ֮У˷ҰڽΧ֪ͨԺ󽫻ͦڣûײҶţ֪ʯСѿɻ⣿ҩɫƽ˵


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ҩĻҪ飬ʯθо
Ǻǣǰչˣ˷ȷЩջ񣡡ʯЦЦ漴һת֪ƵĵҩǰΣ϶Ƿ񳹵
ʯ˼ԣԼȻСȴǸԷһԼֻջ֮ǱȽջľԲԼ
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ȹɫһһûСӣתһЦϵĶԻЩԣڵʵҲ׾ͿԱƳȥ˷лʯСˡ
ҩǰ̫ˣ˷ҩҲвСջټǰҽΣԵֵСæˣʯ΢΢һЦ
ߣôĿһŽⶾҩܻҵ˶൤ҩҵڵ֧֣ͯЦ
ͯӴԲӣǽҵһѲ뵤ǵõģҩǰûʯĳ֣ó洢ҲδؾȵҩǰʯһԵ˵
㡭ͯҪȴǱҩִϡ
ʯСǹͣ˵ĲûʯСѳ֣ҲΣˣóǵﲻֵһᣬȳȥɣʯС鵥ģȹ΢Ц
ʦͯȻһ£ȴǲҶʲô
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ʯʣȴûڣĬãȹ΢΢ЦЦ
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ʶʱڹŻҽʯ򵥵˵һ䡣
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ҩǰʶ֪ж˽⣿ʯʵ
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ͲˣҲûжʣ֮һ£ִûôһҩӦá
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ԣʯЩһЦɣĵǰҽĵãȴǲԡ
ҿ˵һЩҩʽ뽻ҵļֵʵм滻ϣԴ󽵵ͳɱҩЧ
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ҩ֮£ͯʯշƵҩ԰󲿷ֶǾ綾ҩң׼ʯժһЩҩ
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һѣˣҩҲժϣҲ뿪ˣлͯ飡ʯ˵Żһ뿪˽ҩ԰
ʯѣͯƺ״γƺʯѣʯСӣ⵹ʯЩ⣬Ҳûж룬˲ûзڣŵĳ侲ҷȥ



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ΣĳǷһ顣Į֣ص
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£ΪʦħкԺǧҪ뷨Ը£ˣȻȥɣȥʦ㣡ȹ˵꣬ͯ뿪

Ҫԣ
һߣʯĮոշɳ룬Įʯǰһ׼ֵӡ
ϴһߣ뿴ʵжʯѣְɣĮȭ̤ջʯȥ
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ڿȫӣˣĪĳ֮У
Ͼֻд裬ʯֻᶯðԸĮ䲻ò֡
صһ졣
һ֣ȭͷײһ˫һΣԺС벽£ʯɫһָƺ֮
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ʯѶĳģһҪȥսһˣǣ˵ŻĮԶɶݶߡ
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ʯǳ֮һֱ̣ӴŸԪϣڴʯֱͨӷڡ
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ڴ͸һֵͬģ棡
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ţиϢ֪ݣѾȡˣӴˣ岻ٸκνôˡԪɫһ
ûԴ֧֣⽫Ӱŷչ׳󣬱Ͼӷŵҩתĸ벻Դ
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˷˷Ԫеƽ죬ӦÿԴ򿪶ϻǴܵˣʯ΢΢һЦǿʼƽ죬󣬱׼ǰϻȣ



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ϸѰһʯżǴλ÷ȥ
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ʯȻ֣ɫ֮⣬Ȼһ߰׹ǣǵǰûķ֡
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ûЩʯ˿ԶʯţϲʱظֳƣǼն˹ȥֻʯâ˸Ȼһɡ
ȻԪҲ޷ǿƵơʯû˿֮ɫ漴ɽһʮֻС켤
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һɫϼѶǰסʯǿƣԸԳıʯһϲн֮ɫȷʵŨ
ʯźδ֪磬֪ʲôǻԵȻҲգ
˿ʯ죬һͷâһֶ
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Żһʯ·¶һȣҿﶼ޷߷´С
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صһ졣
ʯȵĿ֮Уܾ˾ȻͽֽɣȻһ׺ۣȴûʲô̫˺
ףȻԪ֮ǿȣʯɫһоƺöԸһĶͷкХһһͷɫͻХ˹ȥ


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صһ죡
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˼Ƭ̣ʯһǷɳ֮⣬ĳȥ

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߰ʯصڣ
һ棬һЩڽչƣ֪ͨԪϣԼҪչһʱ䣬κ²ôš
ԭʯ׼ϱչسƿתһȴûôڹիĳ侲ңֱȡҩԼڵڻõҩ
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ԪƳ˼ţֻЩҩʯȰã׼ЩҩȡһЩҩƷԪҲ١
Ȼʯĵ裬ƷԪ¹Ҳǵ͵Ŀﲻɵĳɹʣҩٶ࣬Ҳӻ
ϾڳʯֻеЩҩ͸ӱˣЩҩڶɰǧ꣬㳢ԣ˷ҩ
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ʯûЩ֮ǣֻҪҩǬڴȫ컯¶ݣʱھͿƷ֡
ʯ˼ַԪָΪƵĵҩ˳һʮ֮ࡣ
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ֲõҩ˹أ˵ɹʵ£߽׵ʦƵͽ׵ҩͽ׵ʦһЩҩɹʵͣԼ۸񰺹󡣡
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˶ΣʯֻһЩ߼һЩммö߼߽׽ǷԪڣһֵҲķֽţҲһôûС
չʯоһϢƽȣ̬糣֮ʱвƷ׼չͻƿ
ҪһЩҩʯȻȱ٣ʱ䣬ʯҲϢ۷壬Գƿ

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ʳܴԣǿ̫֮λƺҪϵһʱ֮䣬Ȩ׷׹ǿƺʹ֮پûг

תۼ䣬ʱȥ
ڣի¶ڣ
ʯ˫Ŀգɢ͵ĹϼһϢ鸡ͷ䲻ʱ˸ɫ⣬ɫȴЩ԰ףɫƺЩʹӡ
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ʱ仺ţɫСâԽԽʢһϢҲԽ˽ڶޡ
һԽ˽ڣǿɾǾԪޣ˵ʵޣԿԻûΣԪھ൱ԪϹһ㡣
ʱֻʯзһХɢĿâ˲侲ңһӴϢɢʯ˫ĿһʵʰľâɫЩ㲣ȴ¶֮ɫ


İʮ ʦ뽻
ڽˣ
ʯڳӯ΢΢һЦ˵
˷׷Ԫڣо仯û׷Ԫֻ֦һ֮࣬Ҳ١
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ȻȻ仯ǺԣʵǺΰǲͨƾ֮Űˡ
ڶԸԪڣʯû̫İգϾ˷ԪÿһС綼мĲ࣬ǷԪԲڣǾؼ䶥ǿߡ
ҲһЩԽսԽնɱ߽ҲûУֻ̫ϡ١
һ֮ʵϾǿ˭ΪߣˣϾԽãԽ࣬սҲǸս׵ͬ׿ɱȡ
ʯ̧һɨСڸȻʲôʵʯָоǰЩͬˡ
ڽ̳ԵЩҩʯʲôΪһ־ǸƵģȻҲһ͵ʯġ
ƺʯСâһǻΪĴָСವһʯĻСԴʯֱۡ
һĻκ˿Ҳһֻޣôһֻͨ
ȹһΪʱؿˣӦþҵʯҪҵɽ֩ͼھٺòˣǴܵظȥģʱһãⱻ˷֣
ʯ˹⼸߰׹ǣӦͨҪʵǿбһǴܵأҿ԰ȫӵصؿ¾Ͳȫˣʯܲżģ
˼Ƭ̣ʯ˫ĿһգǴڤСʦۺ˯ȫһԵӡ

Ԫڣ
ɫԪϣγϣԼϵ˶ڴ֮ڣʮϣһɫ̫ÿӡ
̫ˣĹ¶Ҵǵӣֱˡγһ΢ŭ
Ԫϻҡͷǰǣֺγû̻ѹʱŻǴǵĵӣǶҲǸŭԡ
ֻڵˣǳǼҰɣ΢ŭȻЩս˼
˰֣û취СʱݣлΪ̣Ҳ˹ΧԵĵӣʱǵ飬к
˼лȻһЩС¾ͲҪƽˣǵ̱ԵشСС֣Ƿ϶ŭ
һˣƱػܵעʱʵڲ˳ͷϼһƻĺܣӲ󶯸ɸ꣬ĿľǼŭǡ
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ˣϼɼϣʱȥԵѲӣһǵ˵ң㽫ǻ˰ɣҪ׷ҲҪ
ҲصģҲ͸ЩëƤС£ֱӶսǺαؽЩС·ϣ΢΢һЦ
Ҫǰڣ⣬ϾǱͲʵ׳󣬻ҪöԷҵĵӲ֪飬ΪĹȡϻ˵
ĹȣʲôʱſӰһʯ˽һ΢Ц洺磬˿û˵ķ
ţɳˣΧıԵĹ¶СĦ鷳ԪϽ
ԭˣʯ˫ĿһУ֮ϻ¶˼֮ɫ
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ֻϧ쾭°ȻܿһЩʼԲ͸Ƕʱɵġ
Ǻǣ㻹ᣬչޣһϹͷҲûʲôչˣϴҪħĶҩøҲԽ׺۷壬ڴԲǸ붼롣滺ҡͷ
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Ըƴһѣ
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һ׷Ԫٷһ˲ΪһǧϵԪﵽǧԪγƵϹ
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ھ㲻ˣû˻չˣֻҪڣҲκ֮ˣһЦ
ˣˣŵ齻ĲˣҲȥ˽ˣд·λʱŸң˵ŻʯվΡ
صӣ´˷Ҫߺܾðɣʵ
ʯɫһʯɽ֩ͼڣ²һʱƬҵģΪ˳ɽñ˽ȵǣʯܾҵˡ
Ҳһ˵ʲô仯λԶͣʯδ䣬ӰΪһӰݳ˿ʯıӰĬһɫΪһ˵ĳ֣ıһţˣǵ󲿷˶ԵĴڣ


İʮ ս붷
ǲпĮģЩҲޣ
ʹԼҪԼзԪԲЩϣֻҪҪӰˣЩԪϷԪԼкܶࡣ
ʯ˼˽⣿
ᣬʯůΪʼձһ˿ϵƷԸϵΨͼ
֪ͼʦǣ
⣬ʯԸ񣬵ȻҪĵʯҲԲưոݣ֪ͼֻռ˲Կһ㶼ͻ
ʯɶݵڹɽַɣҲΪʵһţֻʯδעʲôŶ֪
һ£ʯ·һȺϿգһЩԪϾӣмϣӦŵĳϡ
ʯɶ֮ʣԶȻǿϢ״ʯ˫ĿһУݹһͣɫƽĿŶˡ
ߣĵӣ
λͨϢڸغ˰ɣʯĳŸһ֣Ǿ͸ˣʯһ
ףԪڣĵüͷһ塣
ӳƬ̣΢΢ЦЦߣڣҲײãϷ۷ʮ꣬ΪڵĺԶҲǶ֣
ôλ˼׼չսʯü
ʯˣǴ·ӵ˵˵ΪҲֻһ֮ıȽ϶ѣʯŲҪսӺٺһЦ
Ŷˣĳûʲôĵģսʯ٣ڻֹϽ֮ǰһǣŵĻԣʯ˵
ߣûе壬˵˶ٴˡԡ
·һЩϿ޷Щײҷսɵ֮£ʹʹˡ
˵ĶͦӲ£˭Ҳ¶ˣֻϵĹˣ
ŶڵģԲɣʯĳЩ飬ǣʯһ׼·
ȵȣĳĻû˵꣬ʯʲôһ
ӣʯЦˣЦú⣡
²˵·𣿶ƺôʲɣʯĳΪҪӣʲôֱ˵ãʯǲŸ·ˣ뿴˻ʲô
Ϸˡ·һЩ߷׷һϴſϷӣǻǺʶģ׷׶㵽ԶͲСˡ
һʯűذܰ
ˣ˼ôһһ֣ʯҲԵֵôԶľ룬Ԯ
ҿǲҴս׼ʯŵ鷳һڵ磬ϴڣγߣǶ˲Сӡ
ɻǣӶղ˭ȥţҪǲһصӣҲֻˣ˵ԺǳԽ
ô˵ѵһʯţô˵ֳû˼ûûε˵һ䣬˲׳հĿ˿˵Ӱ
Ҫʯдһд裬Բȫ֣ĳĻû˵꣬ʯתߣӻʲôٺ٣ӼЦ
ԣʯɫһ˵⣬˷ԼȻȥˣȻ׵ڣʯҲԴһж뷨
οһֱЦеĵˣǿǱԼһС磬۷Ĵڣ
ת߲һӣһԶȻпûҪ㣡䣬һź£ϱһѺɫӰɵ˵ء
ףǰŴˣ˾Ȼû·һЩȣȻʶĮ
ѣô㲻ȥ˵һһ𣿾֪ûҪ£ĵüûнĮ̫ϡ
ĳǲ룬ʯѵ飬ҵ飬бҪ֡Įޱ˵
ôĿһֻĮûһۡ
Сô֣ʯһ䡣
ϴǷֿ˫űԣڱչأŸոճأѾﵽ˷Ԫ۷壬ıҲոսĮɫ
ʲôСȥűˣ
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ˣȿ֣һǻһʱ֪·ɫЩˣڹɽַ˫ɳӡ
ӾĮԼ׼ŭʱĮٴοڡ
ʯѣǴ˷ȱΣĮ˿ʯ
ôȣʯһ¡
ֳɵĶ֣ȻǱȱ˭սʤԷˣȻֻ֮ϾҲ׵ˣϴǱȵĲ񫡣Įһ
ЩƽɣǻһλԪ۷ģʯ˿ĵˣ˭ԸһС⡣
ǾͰĵ˽ҺˣĮ˵껰һվĵ˶档
Ȼмֿ˵ǶҵĿζЩϧңߣĵ˽̤գǰһվĮ档
ֻ֮սˣٺ٣޿֣Լ۷壬ҽ׶꣬Ըһս׵Ĵڣϻûʲôġ
ӵѣǿţ㱲ֱߣҪ飬Ǽɵĺĵ˼Ц
ȻдѣӹЦ
ʯѣҵĶǿȶֲˣĮ˵껰ǵȭȳ֣ĵһȥ
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ĵһߣǰһȭ֮£漴ݺݵ׼ԷһȻֱӶȫϾĮԼøΣɲʯ
Ԫȫֿ֣µ֪
صһ졣
һŹϼĮ˫һΣ岽漴סΣЩ֮ɫ
ĵˣǵĲ޴󰭣ѹĮһߣȻĮ޷ĵ˴˿вȴĵ𾪲ѡ
ϹŽޣȻǿ֮ĵЩɲ㲻֮ͨҲһߣ˲ҡ
ŶȻĵģԿˣʶһ½޵幦幦кβͬ
˵ŻĮ̤գڵһĵˣһȭͷĵһߣȭĮһȥ
ವһ
߸ҪӴʱĮͬݰһתȻĵ࣬һȭȵشĵ֮ϡ
ĵɫһףȻЩʹһƺ߹󣬵˺üϵ¶ŭ֮ɫ漴Įȥ
ʱ䣬Į˫ƽ죬ۼĵ˳һŤһִֻĵ޻һ㣬ĵ˿òֻĵؿһġ
صһ죬ĵ˶֮£ڴ˵˺üĵŬȴǸĮ֮ǿĮһߣȴʹϣ
Įǹս·ĵͷ۲ѣߺʱʹùսһҪֳʤ취ܼ򵥣˶ϼȭ˭֮ǿôʤߡ
ĮȻ߲ͬԷӲʹһּɡ
ƺרһֱƴ֮ʹõĶʯƺ뷲˼߲࣬·ӾȻ˼ߣҲʩչĮ
ۼĵһȭĮţʯһ亹ֻĮһƾĵ˵ȭͷϻ
Į֮ƣһŵųȵĵؿڣ֮£ĮƮƮĸ߸Ծ漴˸
ĵ˱һУȻû̫ƣǸоϻģĶܵγѪ·һЩֵָָ㣬ĵ޵ݡ
ߣΪǹҼңƾ֮ЦϷһΪβãҿϹŽ޵ͨΣ˵Żĵɫһڷɳһ
ʯѣҪӿٶˣȻһԸĮ˵껰ɫҲֻһ죬γ˱ǰѺɫ浱ѹ


İʮ߻ Ǳ
ӵѼȻսʯĳͷһ
δ䣬ʯ»һӱȥ˫ĿһУʯ֮ǿᣬոѹΰ
ȻԼ۷ʵսʯӦò⣬֪ϴʯսΰƻûȬܷӳ
˽Ǳƴ֮˫ȭײһصһ죬ʯֻ˫һΣС벽ѡ
ӣ㵹ʮಽ֮࣬ɫȻһ䣬ֱʹѣЩ᲻ɣʯǿһߣͿܽԼֱ۴ĹǶϽۡ
ӻعûסεʱʯٴαĮĵ˶վһʯܲżģ
ĵ˱ϾǺ۷壬ʵС
Ȼ˲ʲô˫һΣǰȻֳһƣ漴һǼһɫǹнԪ֮
أ
ʯһȭ˶֮ϣӿһƺߣŵŵŵĵ˺ü˳ǰһģɫǹʯһնȥ
ʱܶԷƴ壬ӿûôɵ
ʯһһ֮£һɫɽϯǸ߽Ԫ֮¶Ȼ½ðں
һ׶ںͷŶǵصϯţɫǹһնȥ
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ոײһ˱Ǿȵķ֣ɫǹ΢΢Ȼһ֧ӡ
Ҳ֪ʯ̫ۺ񣬻Ǻȼ̫ߣ֮ѹӣҲš
֮ܣսҲ·磬ЩʵĵһĶͷһͷɫֶǲ񣬾޴˫΢΢һϯ
бϣ׶֯һ𣬵̼䣬ǵصı׶ʧʯϯȥ
ȻǰɫܼʯǰһģоɫϼһɫСɽ۶
žɫСɽһתǻΪʮ֮ޣҴһɹӴѹɫ޷һ֮ŰɫһѹȥǾط߾硣
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һбɫ޷嵲סɽһײ˰ɫ֮ϣֻصһ죬ɫޡ
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صһ
ʯȵĿУطӴನˢŰɫ壬ЩˣȻĳʯ
ףЩ˼
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ĵٲĮƴ壬ΪĮսʵ̫ߣԼûоѹԷ֮ǰĮ
ˣĵ˸ɴදñͨѪɫɽųѪ⣬һ֮±ѣ֮Уͽ׸ǲһĪĿ־塣
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б֮ںɫϼֲϯȥ˵˿δ˿ֲֿನ
Ƭ̺󣬰ನɢǺɫƥѪɫӣǻΪޣ
ҵҪޣʲôֵҵıɱ˵еǰƽĵ˼
һЩҲƣһֱûĮñ
ţһֲֿĲϮѪɫɽ΢΢һ𣬱Įһնȥɽû£ܱǹһɫ磬ɳʯ
Įɫһ˫ֽպڽ漴ǰңңһնವһɫֶٶޱȣصײѪɫɽ֮ϡ
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ܿռ΢΢һһưɢͨϴĺɫȵĵֵסнԪ֮ȻҲû˿ļ
ʲô⣬ôģĵɫһȻϹŽ̫İأǰʶԨ
ĵ˿ʼɣĮǰѽǲǸ߽׵ıͨ޷̽
뷨ԺһţΪ˿̶սĵȻ
һĶͷһǧֵգжʮңľ㣬ͷƤ顣
ۼǧĮ˲ɴ˫ۣ뿴ĮεֵʯҲ˴
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һ
ųĿâһʮ֮ޣͨޱȣһѷŴĺɫȻ˰ա
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ͺѺɫСӰһֹһһڵĺɫ޽һ㡣
ৡ
ĵ˾ɲ֮ʣɫӰĮһ˦ƺһȱڣ֮ն˺ɫ֮ϡ

ֻһǧ򼾹Ȼɫ޽Ӱһ룬ȻǺɫ޽ӰҲ˱Ѷ˭ûֵˡ
ĪǣǴ˵еĽ޽⣿ǿ
ĵüδĮϣоĮѾȫˣԼȻк֣սʤĮƺѡ

Ȼ䣬һҽУɫͻһ̵˲ʯû嵽ԣһؿڣҪӼֵһعǶҪ۶ϼ
ˣҲоڷǿû³һѪɫ԰ײѡ
Щķ֣ԼǱƴ壬ǱＶ𣬶ʯ˾ǣӸоʯۺ̶ȣȻԼ֮¡
һΪûֲ̫࣬ʯ߽ףȻܣԭΪǻްһ÷ʯǿǡ
ӱʯһķɣסΣʯǳʤ׷н鱦ħԴǹڣƵϴҶ㡣
գһʯֱ۵ҪǶÿ죬ڿ¾Ҫɱˡ
ңоڶսȥԼ㲻ҲҪʯŰİ䲻ݹһҲ˲ĵԶȥ
ʯƺԤϣźħԴǹϰɫͻĵ˺ȥ
״Įɫһ˫ֽһӡǣ漴ǰһӣһκɫ䵶Ӱ۶漴նĵˡ
ĵɫ䣬æųƵֵ
ء
һž޴ĴĿڶֲನϯֻĴһƺߡ
ţһǱӰ˳ɫ԰ײѣʯĮЩŭЩ壬ûκͣ˿Զӣһҧ׷ȥ
ȥ׷𣿡Įɫ
أ׷Ҳûãǲɱ֣ǱӣȤʯ΢΢һЦ·ֵȺˣǧɵţȻ˵ɲǼ䣬ѪӿҪ£ܹӴǰΰӰ

ٰ٣յӲѣŬ·ϲӢزۣܻмȻĴڣʯҲ̤ǿ֮·ˣ


İʮ˻ 밲
սĮ뿪ʯ·ֻһȺ˽Ĺڣ
һսʯ񣬵ȻһԭĬĬĮ֣ȻսλѾõš
ʯ¶ţĮֱĵˣǱң˵ĵشһ̫ܵ죬ȻͻʯĮ֮֡
˫ɳϻصŵʱ򣬲֪һӾ˵ϢǾǵţĮˣ²ʡ
Įȴûг׽ɱҲĮøӿͬʱĮƺʯȼ
񼸴ٲ׶ƣĵӷ׷ױŲΰǱչĲ׷Ԫڣ뿪ϼ塣
ΰƺѣչҲûа
ϼһλòĺˣΪԲΪνҵһŮԭ׼ŷ뾹Ȼ˸㵽һ
ϼЩɨأһûŷ彻ܸɵǸֻ࣬ϼ徹֡
ΰ棬ָɵԷƺ𾪣ྐྵȻһԪڣΰվȻ¡
ΰ׷뿪ϼ壬ΰȴǱ˻ǳû˳ȥɡ
ϼ߲ѣԷʲôֶֻ֪ǰ꿴Ǹ൹ҲӢƺƣ̫Ϣûˡ
ϼ֮Щڣ֪ǷԪŷֺηڿûطҺҩˣϾʱֻǱֳģҿʲô֡

緢Щ飬ʯ֪˿̣̣
ڣʯڴ֮ϣ·վżӰֱϣط磬裬ԼһߣʯڶϻշĽɽ
طһϲɫ̵ķչŽһ£ʯʱص˵ͷطҲǸոջ֮ǰһֱڴݼˡ
˴󣬸֮䷽㣬սӵʯĴţطǼҴҵĸ˻
Ǻǣ̾Ȼչ죬˸λĹͣʯûе佱κһˡ
Ӧ˵طˣֻȣעⶼطյģ΢΢һЦ
ϿˣûæǰæطҲɼģǶ˰裬Ǹҳ˲⡣طЦе˵
Ŷÿ˶йͣΪĵǺܿ죬Ȼ׵˴Բ֮Ҳò˶ãͿԽڡ
һЩôʦأƺոսڲõӣǰ裬һҪӰѾԺ飬ɲǹ⿿ͷԾͿԵģΪҲøϡʯˣ΢Ц
ʦܽ״Բ֮ʦĵҩȻ죿ʦϾ׷ˡ
ʦͷƷרǰ裬оʦľӪ֮Ļʦ㵤ҩ˳㣬ҲͣԪϾԲˡط̾Ϣ
ԭˣ裬ȽӪ֮һţʲôʱڿʼоҲ٣ķˣʯһ䡣
ʦѾƳ߼߽׷ֻǣɹʲǺܸߣ˵껰ʦоâһ
߼߽ףʯЩ⣬ǷԪʹõķ𣬾ԼϻһЩ߼߽׷һЩס
˿ڷϵ츳ҪԼǿ
ôˣʯһ䡣
ʦɹʰٷ֮ʮ˵껰СĿ˿ʯʯ⡣
߳ɵĳɹʣʯ̾ϢȻԼҲԶշͯǱ𵤶Щרҵʦ˵Ҳʶˡ
ϾᣬΪͣԺȻǰ;
˲ٹطľӪ֮ҲܸˣԺƵҩʱȥҪΪϡʯԸһ䡣
ǣʦ𣡡ط磬˵ͷӦһ
Ƭ̣ʯ˿ɽڶϻڷģ˵ҪһֱԼֻʯûںû뵽˾ȻԼҵ̣һֱפ
ط˵ϴ˵ң⽪ɽ֣Ž򷢵ģҪ֪ɽɾеĶǿߡ
ͨڵϼ̳һԪĸܼ򵥣ͨԲЩǿߵĶ֡
ɽɻϰߣʯʵ
ǰһаáɽĻش
ˣʯĳὫϣҪ뿪ʯĳʯɫ
ʯǰҪߣĳԳУҲĸʯǰһάȻҪǰְţҿ԰ᵽȥס
ѣĳһȫ֣ǰģ⻵˴飡ɽɫ
ʦѰˡطҪ˵ʯִϡ
ŶȻִţ˵˵ΪҪʯĳʯЦЦ
һĳԳУ˵ʯǰŹĳҶȻ׷棬ڶҲ˽ģǰŽķչãɽ̹ϵ˵
Ŷŵùʯĳʯɫһ塣
Ȼ£ǰû˽Ϊ˱ܶɵңȻóǰƷЩ򣬼Ҳˡɽ̾Ϣ˵׼ɵԼġ
ҪңҲǲԡʯɫ
ŶһֱǰΨǴӣкηԸɽЩɻ
ǶΨǴӣӣҲҪǵģչ˺ǣͬľפ̣ʯ˫ĿһС
ǵģɽü˿С˼Ƭ̣ͷãֻҪάʯǰģǵİţҾϲڣҲľȵҶɽɫ
ôܲڣڿ㣡ЦЦ
ϣûˣʱҪ㣡ʯ˵껰˶һ㶣ڡ
ţ⣬ѵĲãɫ΢䣬ЩȻûôҲǴԲ磬Һ˽ãЩϰˣҪߣе᲻á
ǺǣĲãѵʱܵһվ̣ŵģһֱ
ûʲô͸ϵģеСΪɣǧҪ򿪣ֱصźԪǰ򿪣㰲ŵġʯЦЦ漴һֻľС
һصɣЩɲľУҪ򿪣ֲΥŵ˼
˴㶼ϣȻԺлᣬɣϻȥԪϣ֪ʲô˼ˣʯ˵껰ǰ˰֡
⡭ȻſڣĳԷӣϣһܻص̣ʹҾ۾ۣλĳһˣ˵껰Դɻ뿪̡
£ľҪˣûɣʯʵ
ȻΪ̳֮áɽڵ
㲻ҪǵķԸҪһҪˣȻҲûкô̵ıãҩɴطҪ
ֵʱƳڽ׷Ԫĵҩһ͸㣬ҪǣȻĵҩɾˣ
ʯ˵껰طɫһɽһ֮ɫڽ׷Ԫ֮ҪԼ˳õͱ뱣ǡ
ңҲһ©㲻ǷԪҲһҩɽɣоʯƭԼ
ǰģֻҪɽڣǾû⣡ɽ֣ص˵Ҫ˵ǰںڣǵһǸ
ãɽмڶϻڵõĹ͸ˣмֵԼķƣֱ͸
ط밢裬һЩӪ֮Ǿ仰ѧʲôҲԼΪ£ǽ˵⣬ʱڣԪϻǵġʯ΢Ц˵Żֱ𽻸˼Ʒ
ˣǻȥɣҲʱȥǿˣʯ˫Ŀһе˵˵ͷӦһ漴뿪ңȴ׷ײ²⣬ʯ͸ϵľʲô


İʮŻ Ұ׳־
󣬰޳̫Ӹ
ʯ뿪֮󣬱˵أһ漴˳ȥʯԶһϡ
ǰһ裬ʯƷһڣĲ飬ƣ֮һɨա
ò裡ʯ΢΢һЦ㲻϶ǿߣһҲʲôвʯоԼҲɲ٣
Ǻǣʯϲ˲裬һЩǣſӰһǿӰ˽漴ʯ
ɺãϴζл㣬ʯĳǿڵİƣʯɫһ˵ҪǿӸԼȥҩϴڻΣˡ
ǺǣʯѿˣѣȻᾡġ
ǿӻһת̾ϢҿûʯǰңڣĮĵˣʯѿ񰡡
̫ӾͲ̫ˣܶ࣬Щϼλ簵ʹӣĳͷ۵úܣֱæýͷö
ŶĪ˲ģ̫֮λʯһ䡣
ֹģӦ˵û̫ӣҲпܱϵˣ˵Щˡǿ˰֡
ʯĳܰæĵطʯɫ
ǺǣˣС£ĳԼǿܹӦͲͷʯѳˡǿ΢΢һЦ
ҪܿڱáʯɫһǿΰԼȻԼĿģԼɲҽڲġ
ãҪĻĳʯѣˣʯѳӦʲôɣǿһ䡣
ѣϴҴһЩҩҩǿ룬ϻǷȱһݣǵ˵Ǳ֮֪ҵʯü
Ǳ֮ǿӻƬ̣˵ʯŶǵòӦУԶǹǿ󣬲ܸǹƷ
Ҳû취Ҫʲôǣ㲻ˣ֮ı߹أżҲҡ
ṩϢѾܲˣʯĳ飬ȴȻûִټҪûǿӣʯûУʯ̾Ϣ
ˣʯĪ׼ǿʵ
ʯ˼Ƭ̣ͷʯĳҪʯɽ֩ͼڣĿǰͼںֻȥ⿴ʯˡʯɫ
ŶɲǴʯ¶Сģĸֲ٣ɢ޷ԪҲкܶ࣬ԣʯѻǵ͵һЩĺáǿɫ
лǿ棬ʯĳȻСĵġʯɫһ
Ҫս˼С类̲ˣȻҲǴ޷ֿǿӿڵ
֮ǿӦĹ˰ɣʯЩ졣
ǺǣǬԪ½ޱȣСұȱȽǣĳ֪ģͲʮҪ˵󣬿ŲϵģҲ˴⡣ǿЦЦ
ǬԪ½ʯ˫ĿһУ˶Ĺֲù֮ҲϣҪΪǿߣԶԶ
ȻҪΪǿͱ벻ս׳ԼʵгһͳһǬԪ½°·زֻۣҪǾ޺ǿ˫ĿһĿԶ
ʯɫһоǿ͸¶һİҲѷǿҰʵСҲ⡣
ԼֺγΪ½ĶǿߣǿֺƣֻһԼһ׼ң
Ǻǣʯĳ֪ҪΪ½Ķǿߣʵ죬ֱҲһ˵ˣʯҡͷһЦ
Ҳ붼룬ųоʯѸ룬ǱӦȥĳ֧뷨ĳԼҲ̣û뷨붯¾վƶˣҲú塣ǿɫ
ɣˣʯĳҪȥ֪ôȥ֪Ϣһʯɫһ˻
ǿü֪ǿƣԪڲ٣ˣڹɽͯҾзֵġ
뿴ɣҪûжľԶţʵˡ
ʵϢҲֻ֪ǿʯѵһѯһ¶Ҫĳ֪ϸ
ڳĳͿΪãƳأ߹ؽԲġǿЦЦ
Ǳлˣʯĳ׼ȥѰҾʯ˳ʶһȻҪҵɽ֩ͼڣٺòˣʯ˫ĿâһЩڴ˵


İʮ ͨ뾳
º󣬴߹أ紦
˵һƬһ޼ʵƽԭޱȣƽԭ֮ϣһĺɫǽʮ֮ߡ
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ܿżɫս׵ӰڳǽƺʲôԱ׻Ҫߡ
ÿһξ룬ͻһԪż
ȥֻҪܼǽĵطܿӰҲ֪﾿жˣ֪ǽж೤
֮ߵľͷ
һգһɫӰԶ߷ӽǽһɱ֮ǽһ䱸֮ɫ׷׼
ʲôˣгƣһ
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ǺǣҵֻǷ°ˣʯѲ˿ףһ·˳磡ӮټЦЦ漴ơ
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ʯɹǿĳǽ֮󣬻ͷ˿ǸʵĳǽȺа̾ѣҪΪҪ뿪߹أֻһǽ»ĺܲң
һ·ʯǿһ岽һڴģ̲飬ŵ߹سǽȻʯȻһ
Ϊǿ˵˱߹سǣһְ̲֮飬ڷɶ󣬹Ȼʯһְ֮ˡ
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ңмǳǽػӲºѣ˵ԼֲӳģҲûҪӲ
˿ʯͨƣͷǴͨƣǰȥȡƣͨˣ
˵ŻָָԶߴĻɫǽĽӣʯعؿ߹سǽȥ

ǿʯ֮󣬱æŻڵʳҲĬĬע˭û̫˼顣
汻һƵˣҲ֪ȴؼٳ֡
ϣط磬裬Դʯ뿪֮Щ˾ͺٳˣнɽߣȴ̾¶άճ
ĵӣǷ׷׽չ״̬ƺ׼ѧϰΰ׾ԲأΪҲֲʲôô
⼸˱չأҲͣٲڵ鷳ţǾ͸ȥڵ鷳ˡ
ʱ仺ţҲòϣѾһҶ󣬳ԽκˣȴûԤ
ûдӶԴҲûɳĴѹ壬ûκκƷ͵
͵޷ݣֱ·ͬɣ˿ûŰ˼ҲӲ巢ڽǡ
żĦҲãһЩԪϼϣҲټˣµģǺ֮㡣
ȻԼЩ֮磬Ϊеˣڶ೤֮УߣϾŵʦֵܡ
һЩһɳϺٳ֣һЩС£㽻ˣҲͷͷǵϾʵҲʲô鷳Ѿ죡
ڷ̸Ĵ£˲ΰݣһЩҲƺԽԽˣ˹֮Уڷ̵Ҳ

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ʯ̲ͨ飬˳̤ؽ硣
ңǰһƬʯ˼Ļһ·ϣƺı߹سǽЩڰڣԼӦܴĹȥ
ֻǱ߹سǽʯоԴȻҪħֱ£»кܴļʴȥֻʯۼЩʵ
㿴νı߹ԪԲڲſƳͨ裬סǿҲ˵
Щʵ֮ˣλ֮ˣͨƵģҲȥʲôƣ˼ǿνֱӴأҲ˸ҵҲ׵
ЩɷϹ飬ʵԼûˣھԵʵȨ֮ǰɷֻǰ裬ֻǶԸ߲ıԵײİ
Ϊɷ֮ϣߣǱɷ֮ϡ
ײҴͻᱻɱڸ߲㣬ѹͲ㣬νĹƽ빫˭ļʶأ޷һЩ߲۷ƭײŰˣűɷǱ
ˣһɽ֮ϣʯ΢ЦĿǰ֮£Զɶݶȥģʧ



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ʯ·ϣһɫӰȺ֮Уĵţʵдܻаȡ
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ŮһϮɫȹüĿ㣬Ƥ׾ȻûշǵգҲϼƷŮ
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޷ֻҪܼͼʦԻ˵ࡣѩһЦ
ѣΣƷ翴˿ʯһ䣬椵ʱûʯڸǲеס
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ǺãԺһСƷһЦԽʯԽ˳ۣоСӺʶȤѩüĿʯ


İʮ 鸮Ƽ
Ʒ繫ʳڣò˶ãͿԽ״Բ֮ˡѩӿ˿Ʒһ׸⣬С˰ЦЦ
۹ѩӻʶ飬ĳ׼չͻƿһҪԲЦǺǵ˵
ѩҲżȻֻǺڣҴﵽ۷壬гһҲ׷ҵģ𼱱𼱣Ʒֵİ˰֡
ϣأѩӵͱЦ˳ЦúܿģЦͣԣӲɳ
ʯ˿Ϸɵðҡͷ뷨ܼ򵥣椰ˣǰԼڡ
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ȻԼʯ׼һСѩӣԼнŮֻ˳̫ԼͬѧĿǰ֪ŮǶʯҲɱ֡
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λôƺƷ翴˿ʯ
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ʯѩüЩĿ˿ǻˡ
ٺ٣λ⣬ҶͣΪ˲ǹܽһǼ·Ʒ˵
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Ǻǣүǲ֪ذɣ˲ƼңְܼӷܽоѾˣ˽ϹܼЦһ˵ʯѩ΢΢һ㶵Ļ
²󡭡
ûı֮ǰϹܼɫһ壬ĿĿ˿Ʒ磬Ϻε¶֮ɫ


İʮĻ ׳Ǳ
ٲɱϷ򲻿ˣ
Ϲܼҿ˿ʯѩӣƷ
²λѣƷĻû˵꣬ǱϹܼҰִϡ
ŲߣϹܼҲͷһ䡣
벻ߣһܼкιϵҿ̰ͼƼҵĺôŲ߰ɣҪﱾٵļң˼Ȩ
ʱѩӺȻվ˳һֺ˵Ϊߡ
Ϻǣʲô⣿ʲôˣҰҿҲͷˡϹܼɫ
ƼүĿˣǹͣ˿ʵģҶײƼүҿ·ϲ˰ɣ
˵ƼѾܼ˵㣬˻ҲҪģѲѾ췴ˣѩӲƵʵ
㡭Ϲܼ۽һһ˴ñӿԼǲұ췴ЦɣԼҪ˵췴֣ᱻ⼸
ϹܼǸ۸Ʒ磬ΪƷǸǸܼӣĸ磬ϼ壬ֻƷĲѡ
֮ǰ·λͣϼӣƷ磬ֻǽϱĹ⣬ŵƼһԻȡ
Ʒ絹Ҳ䲻ԴƷãֻϧƷΪ˵Ҳֱݡ
ö֮ϼҲͽֶӵˣȻƷ绹ƼһԵǷܼӣ̶ִ֦ĴʼӳƷϡ
ҲڿƷ磬ͱϹܼң˭۸Ʒһѡ
״滹ãѣҪǸ״Ʒûùӳԣȳϼܰ˵ûʣûаԸƷ硣
ôһǴү˭ס˭۸һ£뿴һ˽ѵүж񫣿ʱһãҲͽƷԸøų
ֲãСϷ裬竲ԭĵıįǷƷʵֻǸ֮ˣʯ̾ϢһûԼľС«
ݵСѾͷߣҪǲ鷳ǾܸŽ˵껰Ϲܼһ
ȿȣǸҿ˰ɣʵҼûʲôÿģҴλȥԺȥȥȥȥƹݣ̽Ʒ״ε˵
ƹӣȥпһЩСˣûƹӲ˰ɣѩ΢΢Ц
£Ʒ˫Ŀһɣĺֱͦ׵Ʒ绹µʱ򣿲һϹܼ𣿾ҸĸڣҲֲָֻţʯѣѩӣߣ
˵ŻƷҪֱͦЩмƲƲ죬߽ƼҴţЩȻ֮ɫϹܼϲ£δгһ־ԿԼ
ΪŮӣˡϹܼЩɲ˵漴üһ˼֮ɫҲڡ
Ƽң԰ĳ

Ʒڳ˿漴ؿڣڵѩѩӣ㵨ӻ㲻µ¹ܼң
ɱǣѩһм
ȿȣӦõڣҲа취ܿ࣬ǻƫƼңǾǵ˹ܼҳ²ĵ̡Ʒһǡ
ȻɱˣҲҪݺֻҪСһЩɣҪִǻµġѩЦЦִ󴫵ϼУܼܹܵˣ
ϧִҲûãڶǹػ²£û˵ģд£һӦˣҾʹȥͼʦȻǸϽ뿪Ʒҡͷ̾Ϣ
ʯ΢΢һЦһŵƺֻҪѩǰƷͻ첻µز£ǵõѩ֧֣ƷаӶȥͱ졣
ղţһֱɵϹܼңѩӵ֧£Ʒ羹ȻҲ˺ü䣬ϹܼһʱƬԻع
ѩӣϢɡƷһ侲ҡ
ʯڸڣߣұߣպǡƷ˵껰ʯ뿪˾ң漴˸ڵķ䡣
ʯѣ֮ǰ˵Ķٵ٣ɱƭңʱѩӷǳҲɡʯڣƷ
ƷԼϣʯ˵ʵѩͼΪҲ˴ԲǿƷͰ͵һڴ֮ɫʯûĿڡ
ǡһ۸Ӱʯ˿Ʒཱུһ׸⣬Щʼ硣
ģ˵Ƴ;ܣҲƭǵģԸܷʯɫһ˵
Ǿͺãٺ١Ʒ˵껰뿪˵أʯüһоϢŴ˵ؽӽƺ׼Լ˲


İʮ 鷳
ûеʯ֣ѩӱǽǱĶ˴򷢵ˡ
Ȼˡʯھڣ΢΢һЦ˵緢飬ֱָƣȻǰԼ뿴£˭еû콫֪ųȥ
еھڱĿϼһλͼʦ
ĳ䷿ڵϹܼңüͷɵ΢΢˵˻֮ϹܼһΪƷɡ
֮ȴ˵ֻǱһˣ˻ûнӽԷɴжһԲڡ
һϹܼɻ֮ǰʯѩӣû˭ǴԲҪ֪ԲԶȺǿ̫ࡣ
˷ԪԲǾԵߣҪƷһԲǿǲöԸɲǼֵ⡣
УϹܼҲ˵鷳һ浹ƣϹܼɼ˺ʰԷҲΡ
ǶԷҪǴԲԼղܼһ֣ΧƷѰɣֲҲǿ֣ܶ༯֣Ϲܼҿûӡ
ѩ˵ûдﵽֻĵز
ҪүһˡϹܼ˫Ŀ˸ЩѣԱ㲻ٲģֱӸүŹȥ
ϹܼұϾֻǸܼңƽϽѵһƷ绹ԣҪ治ңϾƼҵүֲԼȥ
ϵĽѵƷҲܺ£ϹܼԽǿ󣬵쾹ȻһԲپԼܼȨϹܼܵˣ
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ǶүһǿɾͲͬˣҲһƼң͵ļңԼļʲô˭ס
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ҲңǰǸ߹취ʰѣֳͺãȻǸԾûӣԶ˹ŵġүߵ
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ү˼ǣϹܼɻ
ֻݵˣǲˣİ֣ǸԼҲ޷Ҳɱ֣һ¶а֮Ц
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㣿ǰһȥҵ鷳ˡүһ
ϹܼһɫүдԲڣȥ鷳Ǳʰǽ¼ִһ
ģڣֻҪִͽˣʱ򣬱үԻģͺٺһЦ˵
ãȥƻһ£Ϲܼ˵껰Ǽæתȥ
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ͬһ棬ʯھǽڲţƺһͶӰطһ㣬ϹܼүĶԻһ䲻չֳ
ʯ˫Ŀǰ΢еЦЦһ֮£ǰɢ
úĵĶү̫ͬʯҡҡͷûڶ˵ʲô˫ĿһյĴϢ
ʱ仺ţȵϽͼʦʱǴһ֮
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²ôˣǴһߣһΪˣҪʵڲУҹ뿪ƼҡƷ˳
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ôı˵Уܼҵֻˣ˸ѩһûнܼҷ
ܼȴǴӰһԲΪ۷壬佫˵ΧʯƵĳ˷֮󣬾Ϳ⸱ŵĳ


İʮ ݺ
²ʲô
Ʒ߱ΨΨŵŵ˵ϵ׸ֱ۾ͣһ֮¶ɣƺѩԣһֱӡ
ϸ۲죬ƷĶͷѲ亹иǽ֣޲øϽҸڿ
ʲôߣү˶⼸͵ȥϹܼһС˵־ӡ
ǶƷ۽һûپ¡
ʵˣƷѻپζ¼һԼѱһ裬ڶδصϹܼҴ˶֣˿
ȻûиѽȴˣûƵƷ磬Թæʱһã鸮Χ˸Һｻѡ
һΣϷݣϤһĻƷԺлطš
үûˣ뿪ˡϹܼһ֣Ӱǰ׼ʯѩӶ֡
ľ飬ʱƷӦһ̵ûӰȻʯѩӱʰ
κϹܼԤϣƷûߣǣȵصѩǰȻŵ΢΢Ȼֲߡ
²ߣߣ飡Ʒధ֮ɫ
ˣүģǲΪģϹܼһЦ׼˶֡
ţѩüƵѣƸһ仰ܼҶڲƽĪܶƼү֣
ȿȣ⡭
Ʒཱུͨ죬˺ô󾢲ųɤӺһ䣺Ǹ²ˣλҵѣҪκʧΨʣ
仰ƺûʲôëһүӦúܼҵġ
˶ү˵϶û⣬үƷ˵˻ԽܣǣƷ˵껰Լɵ۽һԼ˵ģ
үҿǱɱǣϹܼҿƷ˵ʲôߣ治¶֣ңҲܲƷӲ塣
״ƷƺһЩŮվߣ⣬ȻװŵӺǸˣϹܼ˵˶ǶȥúңҪҲǺϹܼҶҪܷ
㡭ϹܼɫЩѿǷΪˣЩЩò
ĵܣղ㳤˲ٱ°ʱһЦ˳ţү͵Ӱ˳ӰԲ
磡
Ʒ統ɫһ䣬ٲ֮ǰǰݣ²ϾֻһܼңվǰģǿƼʵү
˼׵һǷԪڣοҲߣ츳Сͱ˿ãԶƷַܱȵġ
ĵܣҿʲô˼ƼҶ֣үͿû˵ʲôϻ
ǳ²Ʒ缱æ˵һ룬Ǳʹϡ
²ôˣҶһó²ңôĪ㵣Լ˲õģүܻ˵
磬ҡ
ʲôңˣô˵Ҳĵܣ͵ҵĶҲģЩʹˣˣү棬ȻסҪúһͰ˰֣ƼӰ˹ȥ
ȵȣ֪ƵѶʲôȻʦڣ뺦ĵܵǲܣϣ㲻ҪǣҵϡѩȻЩá
ֲó²˵ݣȻ֪㴦ʲôĿĸǷ϶ǿҲְ׳ջǵѣǸưˡү˵ĻȻɷϣǳʵ
ڳʯѩӣƭƷ磬˽ıԼС̣˵Ʒ罻ѣǾֻ˵Ǻˣ
㻹ѵҪҽȥΪŮӿˣ׳գѡүͿ˿Ʒ磬һ䡣
㡭Ʒ߬߬ȭͷҲ֪ģǱŵ΢΢һ˿ŭҲֻɲǼš
ʯȴоâһͷһοƷǺͼַŭǺټģȻصĺܺá
һǿ¾ͻ캣ˣ
磬ٺ٣ǰɣʹߣұ֤ԺҲ˻ˡƷŭһƤЦ˵ϵķֱ
ٺ٣Ҫɶ磬ҲһߣԺٻöƷܶµ˵
ŶҪܱ֤үǰԲ¶棬ҵǿԷǡЦЦ
Уʧٺү׵ˣһҪүģ㣬㲻ҪҡƷͷŶԷǿ˵
ȻˣǾûʲô˵ˣ֣ү˺һ漴ż°˰֣ƷȻɫһ䡣


İʮ߻ װһ
ס֣
ƷȻһĺ磬ܾˣȻңԺҪװɵʵ̫
ѩʯûǣϴһԵ޹ʴһ٣ҿԱ۸ǲԣѩӣ
⼸仰ƣҺһһ㶵ģδ﷢ү˵ȥҲûš
ϣģûɶҩɣ㻹뱣ǣΪʵڹüԼӣѸһܿ࣡һ
ңҲҪǡƷĻû˵꣬ǱžһһʹԶƷŻգһһŭ⣬ȴֲҷ
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һĦȭƣĳǰ
ܶѳ֣Ʒ羹Ȼٴγ˹һѵѩǰܵ۸
ҪĶһһʹ˹ȥǶɵϰߣƷһҲҶ㣬ǵѪһĵ˺üסΡ
ңҲڿ˺ҵˣѩӣʯѣĳܣ߰ɣԲסˣƷɥԶ˲ǵѪѵ˹ٴεѩǰ
ߣûôףˣһץȻִҾʹ׽ѵһ˵Żһĳٴȳһ͡
৵һ
ͬһʱ䣬һֻ۵˳ȵס͵ֱۣȻ֮£һ˻ȥ
֮ˣѩӣһƷ絲
һĻһ£ڣûע⣬Ҳ˲ϾԲڡ
δ̫۸ˣô˵Ʒ綼ĵܵܣ㾹Ȼ˶ԴƼˣȨ̳ƼңƾһкˣҲȨƷ磿ֱЦѩЦ
㣬һݵѾͷҶ£Ƽҵ飬ʲôϵɫ
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ʯһĻ°ͣһ俴óѩӲϲƷ磬ֻǴͬ飬ԼƷ˶֣ѩЩȥ
˿óѩӶƺһЩøУ֮ǰǰ
࣬лѩӣңҡƷЩεͷϣͱǼ̤һɶԼҪϣϹܼһ
ߣôҲϣôԲɣΪм
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ͣ㲻Ҫ̫ߣѩ˵ĲҵļңûȨңҵѣҲ붯Ͷġ
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ԣ۽һȷҪĴүչأִԼҲ
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ȻȻΣ֮ǰ֣Ѿ¶ʵ
үҿҿȻȥɣӳ飬ӳ飡ϹܼҵִԼһܼңΧƼ٣ⲻǿЦµʱүסԼ
ҪԭѾǰǸ۸Ʒˡ
²Ǽߣҿˣѩӣʯѣһ֣ȸɵܼңٸɵﵷҵļҶȰ澪أڸҡƷ˵ٻ˵꣬Ϲܼɫһ䡣
үҺȻ糿еûţȻȥϹܼ˵껰ҴҵĴż뿪˵ء
үֻʣԲǣȴǲٸˣһŭĿ˿ˣɫһ
úúãǸҵţҾͲţԶˡ̣û뵽һﶼվԼǰװһѣˤһתȥ
Ĭã˵ػָ˰

Ʒ糤ĳһԭӣʱήҵĿ˫һɣԴҡβѡ
Ȼܺ£װһѣоõٺ٣ǰǴˣҾȻܰǴˣƷ˸߲ҵĿ˿ʯѩӡ
ǵϢѩƲƲ졣
ɵòֻҪ㱣סԺ󲻸۸㡣ʯ΢΢һЦ
лλˣѩӣû뵽ǴԲǽƭúÿడģϣһǼͼʦġƷЩС˵־ЦЦϵķֱʯԺЦоƷ絹ͦɰġ


İʮ˻ ʦ
Ƽһ죬Ȼ˲飬ϻ˳Ʒĳ侲ңƼҵͼڴʦ
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ʦλ֮ǰ˵ҪˡƷȻԵһˣû˿ΪʵȻǳ˹ǫ̬ȡ
ʦСŮһԨͼڣֻҪۡѩ֣ص˵
ǺǣԨ޿ɲһɵģϷܷ깤һϷҪǮʵãұȲԪƾãиʮңϷ¾ҪΪˡʦҡͷһЦ
ʦѩӡƷĻû˵꣬ʦ˰֡
Ϸʣ⾰úһµӲ£߰ɡʦȻѾ
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ʯĻͫȻһܿҵʵԪȷõһЩӰ˵ĵҩǶЩ洦˼Ԫۼ֮£ҲʮңˣҲǵġ
ȻʦùٵҩٵҲҪˣ߼嵤ҲùɣʯЦЦ
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ڵʦ˵ûʲôеģӼԶʲôҪ
Сӣֵҩʦ֣ص
ҩһ𣬹ôʦʮ꣬ȻǰǴʦǰûùֵҩûЧġʯЦЦ
Ϸδùֵҩ֪Сܽҩ۸ϷҰǻͼΣʦɲɵԼΨһܱ˼ҿеģֻͼ֮ˡ
ѩƷεĿЦ˷Ѿ˼ң˼Ҳϣʯ仰ѣʦͼڣడ
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üͷ΢壺ڴ֮ǰǲǸøϷ򿴿ֵҩٺ٣ɲҪƭϷȻƸ˼ʮ꣬ϵҩǿԵġ
ǸʯĳûУҾԻʦ㵽ŵҩʯɫ
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ҲƸٵҩϷ˲ԪԣϷһֱƸԼͼ֮⣬ҲƸͼڡ
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ǺǣʯĳҲֻҸƶѡʯЦЦ
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Ҳգݷôʦʱһֵҩġʯʼ硣
ٵ뻯嵤ʯ˵ʵѣĵϾϸ뵤ֻЩҪ򣬼ԼǬ󲿷ҩĶòϡ
ΪĶǸ߼ҩģʹõģٵȵҩǷõģֻһζҩĶͨҩ
ͨҩɲΪıضǣͨҩҲй֣֮ЩϡеĲҩȫЩҩ
еƷûҲ൱֣ȫпҲѾҲΨһʯЩͷ۵ĵط
Ǻãλʦһƣʯ˵٣ûҩʦǲֵܶģ漴ˡ
ʯѣ㲻ƭǰɣƼҶûֵѾȻƣһţƷɻһ䡣
ȻƭıҪ𣿡ʯЦЦ
ȿȣѩӸɿһʯѣи֮
̸ʯͷûء
ߣʲôװģܲõóҩһѩӼʯ˼ԣҲûɫ
òõóҩʲôϵҺʯĳֻʶƷѣҪҿڣһῼǿǡʯ˵껰ƷѿһЦ¶һֵ㶮ҡı顣


İʮŻ װɵ
ʯ˻صڣƷѩӷ׷׿ʯ
ƵѣͼڣɾͿˡѩӿڵ
ٺ٣ѩӵģҿ϶񡣡Ʒ緢˵
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û⣬Ƶѿڣʯĳɶһѵģڱ˿ڣɾûˡʯʼ硣
ʵΪ˰Ʒ椣ʯҲҪϾԼҲҪɽ֩ͼڵġ
ƷԸȽϺûʲôۣʯʵͦϲˣװһӵܣҲܵѹ̫󣬵һ顣
ֻϧûݺã椶У
ʯѣǼҵƺõҩƷ翪ڵѩת׿ʯ
ȡʲôʱչȫϣѰܰռϣôǸƼ٣ռӦûʲôɣʯһ䡣
ȿȡʯ̫߿ˣеĵλҲˣó嵥ҲҪóôǰæġƷε
û⣬ֻҪǵְˡʯЦЦ
û⣬Ƽкüҳ۵ҩ̣ռˣٶҲܿ졣ƷЦЦȻԼλͣǾһóҲᾡɵġ
Ǻãв嵥ռһ£Щǰõġʯ˵Żȡ嵥Ʒ硣
ȻΪ˱ⵤйʯ˼ҩҩмֳҲûӣԼϾС
һ˿˲嵥ĲҲƲٵ뻯嵤ʵҲʯթǵʦõһֶΰˡ
ãҾȥƼҼʣһᾡռȫвϡƷЦǺǵ˵
ƵѣͷˣػطˡѩǳǳһЦʼûʯת뿪˾ҡ
ֻõͼڣףʯѩ뿪˵һ䡣
ƷȴǴֵһЦٺ٣νϲԸΪҵ飬ôôң飬ֻҪΪʲôͻܸˡ
հʯʼ硣
ʯûϲˣ㲻⣬һˣǿΪģϲ͵ó尡Ϊ˰£̸ʲôϲƷں˵
ðɡʯоԼʵûʲô˵ˣƺ߻ħˣԼΪ㣬ֺγǸԸأ
ֻϧû˻ᡣ
ʯѣϢȻȥˣҾȥռϡƷֵߵߵ˳ȥ
ʯ˵ͷϾ֮£ҽʥ˳ϸϸоһٵ뻯嵤
ʱ仺ţʯС
ڶ磬Ʒ˸߲ҵ˻
ʯѣƼҼ˵ˣھͿռȫвϡƷֺǺǵ˵
ãû뵽ƼҰЧġʯЩ⣬мֲϺϡ٣ԼѰûʮºѴ롣
ټϴ˵ز죬Ҳ֪˭ҳʲôûϢԴҪռϼѡ
ˡʯȻ˫ĿһƷ磬ܷǵ̣ѯһоʯʯĳպҪ
ʯһֲϰɣƼֻǶԵҩҩ滹ЩϢڲϣǺͨģҿʡƷɫ
ã鷳ˡʯ˵ͷƼʵ㲻СҪǰԼѰҾʯ϶Լ죬Ͼ˼ϢԴ
бԼǿĹϵҪ۳ģϾ̶ЩϵϢ
ڴԼֻҪҪʯòʱ䣬ϾҵҪҲǼҲζŴûдˡ
ʯԼңҸ꣬ܺ޽ġ
ʲô׷ѩӣĳͰ㵱ѣ϶㣬ٺ١ƷЦЦ
ˣ˵֮ʯɻʵ
ǵȻֻϧʮǰʧˣû˿䣬ƼҶˣҲš
ʧǰܹŹ֣ƹŲӣƼҵλûҸߣҲܵ۸ʱͰ
ҸĸˣûչңҲʼ۸ңֻңʧ֮ǰңԺ뱣סװɵ
ԺǳԳԺȺȣܼܰҾͰܼңһ椣ܱסȻҲ룬Ļ
绹ΪƲߣʵƳˣֻҲ˵ǶְˣһԺֵĵҲСƷƲƲ죬ƺ濴ôɵ
Ŷ˵ܲ򵥰㵹Ҳɵ˵Ƴ֪мɵĳɹʣʯ˼һ䡣


İʮ ҹóѩ
ɡƷһЦ
ɣʯɫһȻûҪ֣Ҳˣƺһűûˡ
⻹ҲϰĽҪжԴͳԽˣֻϧǲúԶҲνԽҲûʲô
ҰԼԵֵģһ棬ҲãȻ֪ѩӲϲңУ˿ҲӼֱıǮƷЦЦ
㲻ҸܣΪңʯһ¡
ٺ٣Ҳ֪ΪʲôֱϾʯѲẦңܸоǺˣֵܣƷһЦ
㻹ʯʼ硣
ˡ
һ˽
˭Ʒһ¡
ҡϹܼҳ²˽
²ƷЩ⣬ϹܼһͷһţȻôѵԼƼı
үλأ׼ǣٺ٣ǰ֪ͨ㣬ɱ˵û׼ŶϹܼһ仰ǼҴҵ˳ȥ
ԣƷɫһ䣬ɫЩ޴
ʯЩƣʵôˣǼ忼ֲûʧܹ˵꣬ʯƲƲ졣
Ʒüĵʯѣ㲻֪ǼĹأʧһûʲôʧΣѾΪˡ
һʧΣҪɨسţסҪϳȥģǱϳȥΪƼһɷ֧סС
Ǹ⣬ʧζûߣο϶ҪңҪǱϳȥǾǶһˣ֧㲻ϣԺƼҾ͸ûλˣ㲻Ƽ֮ˡ
ôأʯ˫ĿһС
ؼǣλһˣҶĸףһҲ϶Ƕ壬϶Ҷ硣Ʒ粹
һλǣʯʵ
壬常ܰңǲ侮ʯƷһʧǣӿ쵽ͷˡ
Ƽңû˰㣿ʯ׷ʵ
磬پû˰ˣʯѣҪǱϳȥͼڿҲҪˣԺҶʦˣûռˡƷһɥ֮ɫ
мְȡʤҪǾȫĻʯһ䣬¹Լͼڣǿɲֲ
ȫһɰգƷ˵
һɣûʲô𣿡ʯЩ
ȿȣֻҪ棬ҶʧܣҾһɰȡʤؼҸûôϰƷͷ档
ܽԼİڳɹڱ˵ʧϣһףʯ治֪ÿ˵ʲô
ЩҵĵģһߣΪ֧֮ˣƼҲͲ̫ˣʱϹܼҶҪҵʱǵûˣҶɱңǻӰɡƷƺ¶˾ġ
ӣȻƼôӳʯʵ
⣬ֻӳˣҲѣϾû壬ӳ߾ǿԵģҲ̫Ʒɫһ˵
ʯ룬ڵڿˣʲôĿ
ȻˣһиҲϣôʱɵҩ˭ʱƷʸߡ
ڶԼѡȡҲԴ˭ƵĵҩɫǱҩˣֻܴܿһҩ֭ҺбҩݡƷɫ
оһаգʯʵ
ȻǱҩˣ羭ϷұɰĪ˵вϹ涨ɷҸˣʲô߽׵Ʒ簦̾
⻹Ѱ졣ʯüƷҪһߣԼϹܼҿºѣңʯлһƻԣ׼Ʒ硣
ɣȥԲɹһҩҽһֵҩֻҪӮñҩǼͲ᲻ˡʯóһݲ嵥ôԪָװǧ
ƵҩƷһ£ЩɵĿ˿ʯٿƷЩľˣоԽ͸ʯ
ôģҲẦ㣬ֻҪڣͲ£ĵչϣȽٵƳȻܲܳɹͿԼ컯ˡڣʯҲûʲôˡ
ٵƷȻɻ󣬵֪ΪΣжʯһǿҵθУҸоʯҲûҪƭԼ
㲻öκ𣬰λѩӣʯʵ
һʯѷģһκ˵ģھȥչҩȻǾұȻ⼸ҲͲΪˡƷ˵ŻǼҴҵ˳ȥ
ʯƬ̣뿪䣬ѩӵľңһѽ˿ȻоŮԼͬѧѩãʯҲһֱҸ׿ʲġ


İʮһ ģ
ʯδ̫ˣŶһ¡ѩڴϣƺڴ
ʯĵѩȻе⣬ȴûʯɫʯƷһǺΪѩԼǴԲڡ
кܴİգֻҪԼˣ־ͿԽʯȥԷĻᶼûУ
ѩӶʯĳʱ׼ͼڵ֮ƷֶԸҡʯʼ磬˿
ʲôѩɫһô֪ĪǷģҲգֺ֪ηƾͣҺΣ
ǺǣʯĳϲѩӵĶ֣ҿʦٸ㻭ͼڡʯЦЦ
㡭㲻ǺƷϵܺ㣬ܲӦѩü
ӣʯĳӦʯһ
㲻ھҪѩӺε¶в֮ɫ
ٺ٣㲻ᣬΪеҪǷͼڡʯЦЦ˿ûоɫ
ĬãѩصƺбӦòвҵİɣʲôҪ󾡹˵
Ҫ̸ϣʯĳֻ㼸⣬ش⣬ʯĳȻȫЩõͼڡʯɫ
ʲô⣿ѩһ
ʲô֣ˣʶгѩõŮӣɷ㳤ͬŮӣʯһ˺ü⡣
ѩ΢΢һ㶣ѩѩûںҳŮӣֻĸˡ
ĸף㾿ǲˣʯ׷һ䡣
Ȼǣݵˣֻǽסڴ˵ذˡѩӻش
˵򣿡ʯһ䡣
򣿡ѩһ£ʲô
ȿȡʯɿǲǱһ֣һصĵط
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״ѩ¶䱸֮ɫºûʲôϵʵ̫ˡ
ѩֻҪйڵ򣬻㸸ĸ֪ϢңʯĳԿ԰õͼڡʯɫһ
˼޿ɷ棡ѩߵ
㲻ʯĳǿѲļ䣿ʯ˫ĿһС
ǺǣԸԱҲԸԳңΪʯ˰ɣѩЦ
ʯüҪǿ̽ļ䣬ŮãҪǿҷ˵ֻһƲлԼ䡣
Ϊһ˽ͶԱ˲ֶΣʯЩǶԷ޶ĵԼڳˣʯ
ǰŮӣʯҪˣȻƻŮԼ϶ͽк𣬻ʯ
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˻ǹŹ֣ҪΪ˵õͼڣһ㣬ҲҪĸߣѩЩ˵˵漴Ŀ
ʯص󣬱ضȲѣᵽһʣϢֱ̫ˣʯԣֱԪҪ𺳡
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ʯѣǮð°һǵλˣռȫЩϣҪǻ˶磬кƾܸҶƷп
ܲˣҪƼרоӪҩ̣ʱ㶼һġʯӹƷԪָ¶΢Ц
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ʱ䣬̫ˣֱӽһֵҩٽ㼸ֱҩĳʶľͿˡʯɫһ
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ӦԼҩɣṩĵ¯ʯʵ
ٺ٣ҶУôҲƼ֮ˣֻǺܸߡ˵ŻƷ絥һ˦һֻҩһ¯ְա
ǿԣңˣǿʼɣʯֲóһ׽ƣ˼侲ҰΧ漴ʼƷһֵҩ
ʱ仺ţѩڼ˵أʯ֮⣬ƼһЩΪ˹ӦλϳأҲ׷æ
Ҫ֪͵ĸ֣ǿһԪڣȻƷƹŶǷԪڣеλҲǼߣǽүһ㡣
ĳ侲ڣϹܼˣƺʲôһ֮ɫ


İʮ ˿ʼ
ϼ塣
һƬĹ㳡мǧ֮ޣ˵ΪĹ㳡ϼ忼˺ӵãƽʱٿ
һ죬ϼһȵڿˣÿһʱ򣬶ӵһˣӴ˽ϼ壬ƼҴŹʣƼԴԴϵԴ
ȻÿһҲһЩ֮˿˲񣬱ϳ壬⽨Ƽҷ֧Ӵ˵òƼҵĸԴֻ֧ܿԸ㣬ںгͷ֮ա
ЩͬնҫĿЩͬȻ䣡
ƼҿɲֻСһҪˣһЩڣÿҲҪˣһﲻҪ󣬲ܸƼҴ˿棬ƼҵԴκμ嶼µġ
仰˵ֻϼˣǶͱ
ǧڹ㳡֮ϣǽܿ˵Ĳˣһм´죬ֱƼһ֮Уȷʵм貵ǡ
СĲţʯվԶ㳡мοտյ
һЩҫ۵꣬еһ걻˹âڸǣе˼⣬һ˻ˡ
ȫϣ̾Ϣ֯һʯƷ磬Լѩվڹ㳡Եʯипѡ
Ȼſ˷ʽͬҲƣ񽫻ֵŵӣϸʽӣʽӣҲֻǼҫ۵ĲиõĴԴ
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Ȼ䣬һϵ㳡м䣬֮ϲ֪ʱӰ˽һۣݲϣɫм֮
һԴһЩʮӣ͵ĸ֣ͬ϶Ƽҵĳϼ
һ壬ֽƹţǵٵ常ҲƼҳϼƽһֱչأڿȴӣء
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ȻǺ󻰣ҪضȥʲôӰˣȻСǶˣҲֵǺĵϳˡ˵Ƕϣ͵ĸ֡
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ߣƷƲƲ졣
ϣĵܣֻʣһλҪڲϸǣÿ£뿪Ƽһл·ҡͷ̾Ϣװһࡣ
ģ̨ɣƷ粻ٶԣʯѩӶһۣǴֵ̨
ˣҲ׷Ĵ޴̨ΪҴ£ЩƼųƵǺĵӡ
ܹƵϺĶ֣ʵƷԼҲЩ
½½ÿǰһ¯һֻҩһϸźɫ񲼣ѹҩ
Ȼ¯ҩԼ׼˳ֻ֣Ҫ㿪ʼͻеֳȻǰĲĳֵҩ
£ҶͬһֵҩʯȻᣬԼƺһĻԼҲͬμӹ
λǽƼҵƼҵĽӰˣƼҪǣҪһϺȵˣϣƼûˡ
ǰǵ¯ҩҶȿˣӦ֪أϷڶི˵ʼԺ󣬾Ϳ˭ʱɹ
ҪƷʼ߲źã˷ȷֲߣϳסɵнҵƼҵķ֧ɡ˵꣬͵ͷһЦ
ˣѾ˵˹أôϷ˷Կʼ峤ƹ󣬵ȴشÿһ˵ĶС
Ʒһǰɫ񲼷˿ȥ¶һѵҩϣԼһֵ֣ȴûдκƹ뷽
ΪֵƼͽڹˣҪǿ򵤷ƣǻҲͲñˡ
Ȼʯɫһе˶ֻ֪Ҫǽ׵ҩͬҩǼѵģԪҪҩơ
ĵܰȰɣȻһѿʺ㣬Ӧȥƿ鵤ЦЦ漴һӣǴ¯ʼ


İʮ Ժͱȵ
ߣַҲǼǰүŰĳûʵϹܼҳ²ûпӵܣǽĿɫصƷϡ
ǣ²˵öԣôܱȵù٣Ʋġ
ſɣүˣⶼǵߴλˡ
ҪϵҲǳݣܱôãҲͷˣϾʲôҲûˣֻҪʧҲʧȥ˺ݣҪϳȥġ
Ⱥ۷׷ףʯۣʵҲеףϾ̶ʱ䣬ʯ棬ҲܽԼһˮƽ
ܳʧܣˣѩü
ڵʯһ
ޣڵԼͼڣѵ㲻ģѩ£㲻֪ɣ޷ͨˣ̫ˡ
ôߣʯʵ
Ϊβߣѩüʯ˵ֻЦ
صһ
͵һҩһ⼤һĺȻΪһɫĵҩһѱץС
Ӱ˵ѡүȻϹܼɫһϲ˵˷׷װķ
һ֮УֻҪʸδ峤Ǳضǰ;ϳ֮λȨҲͣ˭Ȼ˭£
ۼԼĶӵһֶùھ¶һ˿ϲɫȴǲ̫ԣϾΪϣ̫ܲϲɫġ
Ǻǣ磬츳ѣϣ峤ģүһܿ͡峤ƹ΢΢һЦ
ٺ٣ܿɱ̫佱ˣȻСӻ죬̫ǡЦЦм⡣
Լĺ峤Լ̫ϳϣȨ壬Ȼǰү֮
ǫˣֻϧƷûŴ׵츳ÿһ꿼˶үҪ飬ΪƼķϣҲ罫ɨسˡƹ̾ϢһЩп
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ͬʱеɹеʧܣʧܵȴǺ٣ʱƣԽԽƳ
ٺ٣ĵܣֻʣˣҪӿٶϡһеĿƷ磬¶Ц֮ɫ
صһ
Ʒһԭһʧը¯סһһɹĳϣֻʣƷԼ
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УΪĻΪѩƷֱཱུ߶ʲôΪȥĸĸΪƼΪܻΪΪ˭
صһ
ҩ΢΢һ𣬶һɣ˫ĿƷ磬ʧǵӣ֪ûϷˡ
ιҾ˵ĵܻɹģұҲ£ĵܣ죬ѵҩϿ֤еģҿϡЦǺǵ˵ʵ׼Ʒʧ֮ݺݵشһ
СӸҵţ㵽һѵңô㣬ٺ١ԽԽˣûƷҩ֮Ϸɳĵҩ
ವһ
Ʒ罫ҩץУǸû뵽汻Լˣŵҩ̨˼ȦŪӯܱеĵҩ
һĻʯֱ֪ĻΪõ˶ھһ׸²ʱʱĻǸѩ˼ۡ
ﻹеѩ˿
ʵʯΪȻĽһ䡣
ôܣôƳģ͵ʱˣԼܻܵ˽⣬ƳֱͺͷͼʦƳһ
ĸĸղŲ˵һܳɵұŬҪȻûĸ𣿡ƷɵǺǵЦЦ
ܣףףƳ飡Ҳ̲סˣĺһ䡣
״ɫЩ̫ÿԼǵ㶼ãǰ嶯ϲɫ뷨ҲӦñ¶
ϵϹҲ֪ʰ㿴ϵң˹ھӶװĸûһֺ޲һƳȥ
ȻҪ飬ôԣӶöˡ
ݵúͣں˵˵ھͽϳȥߣԺҲ׼ڲ¼ˣҪŽᣡɫһ壬¶һҷ緶˲׷̾о¹ƽ
Ҳ߹̣Ʒ磬ǵϷԿ˳㻹Ʒһ˵Ż˫һУ˵ֶȵС
Ԫ֣Сһͷ
žһǿѶ
ߣƷ磬ȻףŵҩҩҲǺŨʱ֮ǰƵģ㾹忼ף
¶һŭɫЦѣС˹ʺΣ֤ûˣٸһλᣬҲÿôɰɣң忼ֱȡʸ񣬻ʲô᣿һĿƷ硣
ѩָͣɫͨ죬ʯҲ¶ŭɫû뵽ϼһ˲Ҫ
ƼҰߣ£ֻ˻֣ϹܼƨƨߵĴżˣѩӺʯΧмֱֿ˻ԣǱȵ


İʮĻ 
ϹܼҴż˺Χȥ¾Ҫ׽ʯѩӣǰүǳΪ֧Լжϳ
ţ²ҵĿˣҿˣ
˭û뵽ʱƷ羹Ȼˣʯһ죬ȻûкʲôѩӸһɻĿƷ磬ȴǵ
ߣѾ֣ûٴο˵ĻᣬѾΪ֧ϳƼңΪ㻹𣿡һ
ףǺǣȷףˣ壬Լһ¡Ʒֵ¶Цݣһ˫С۾гϸߡ
ⳤƹŻվƷ總ɻҩѻ٣ʲô֪粻
ƹŵĻû˵ֻ꣬Ʒ絥һҩصһһ⼤һŵҩ˳ŸƳõ£ŨŨҩ㡣
ƹһ֣ҩʱУ˫ĿɲĴƷ磬ǻ¶һ˿Цݣ¶֮ɫ
ôܣȻڿ˵ʱһţѵ֪ԽٳɹԽ𣿡ˡ
һû뵽ƽʱûûεķȻԼһտʼ˭ûﵱ£ûע
壬ŵҩɷףƷһ䡣
ԲǣϷԶ϶ǸոƳģһ֣ͨˡƹŹϵĻشһ䡣
ܣôƳСʱ򾭳ƷϻƣһλŹйһʰģû˵꣬ƹűɫһ壬¶һɷԪѹ
ߣڻҵıƹŻ䣬һѹ͵ϣߵŵŵŵĵ˼
尡Ҹղһ¯Ƴͬĵҩʵڲѧǳ֮ǰǿŲʲôû˵ͬһ¯ƳֵҩѵڵĵˮƽѾ޵ˣ
Ʒһ˵ŻһӣֻΪ˧ͷһ˦Ҫһʱ죬Щĸо
ٳˣҿƤ޵ˡѩһӣһ˿ϲɫʯѪĳ嶯Ȼ֪Լƭȥˡ
⣬Ҳѧǳͬ¯Ƴʲôҩ㻹ɡ峤˵껰ҩӳȥ˿һȦ󽻸˶֡
ģӱ㺦ˣֶݺݵصһۣƷ磬ɵͣҪ׳ձֵĻҩζ̫ԣԼҲˡ
Ȼ㷢ˣǿŵҩǸʵֿĿİͰ͵İ죬Ҳû˵ȻĿ֮£ǿһƷĳ嶯
֪ˣǰϲҿЦղںҿЦɣһˣȻԶΪ˸ٵģԲƷ졣
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ҪԼ˵ղǲǼֱԼԼͣȻҲܰ׳գܱѡǿһЩ
²ѽղ˵ôţҪҸϳȥƼңѾ峤ѡˣ𣿡Це˵ֻͷ
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ѽ㻹ˣղŶ˵Ҫƾҵ峤ѡȴ˵˭ҵ峤ɵӣôƲҶ𣿾Ҷɵӣ㡭ƷһɸֵָϹܼҡ
ͨһ
ϹܼҵڵأԼ˸ҲϰץסѱϹܼҲһɫϣū˼ūûϵ˼ūԩ
ͷϣܼһѱһͷһ˦һɾϯϹܼƳʮɿ⣬ײһľ׮˹ȥ֪
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²ֻǺ㿪Ц֪ΪƼҸܶ࣬˺ܴģûҲпͰҪΪһЦֵ̫ˣ²СչңһԶġƷ׵һ
ģС̫ˡŭɫѹ˺üΣǿһȿ޻ѿЦݣû㲻õˣôɱϹܼأˣһҩʼ
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ȻҲܱ˾£ͬʱԷҲһЩҩԼԴ˱ҩƷ绹Сʱ򣬾;һЩƿ࿼Է
ƹЦеĻصλʯһȤ֮ɫѩЩӵĿǸªӣԽ͸ˡ
ǿѹסϵѵŭɫͨ죬ֱ۲һֻƿţԽԽ丸ֱҲһ
磬ǲһˣʱˣǵǴйϲƿܻȥ
Ҫ۸ϻϵһѣʡϼһܽѵ㡣ƷװǻƵƿҩȴһЦеİгʹ
Ҵΰ£ôƴˣؿˣӵƿһƳƷ˹ȥӲԺգ


İʮ 蹷
ͷһĳ˹Ʒѽһ̧Ⱦܣշת֮䣬Եҩƿȫһء
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ӣɷҲŭѵһȥʱȻִһͿ
ֲƢ׳嶯ŴʯźϷݣ΢΢һЦ˵
ۼһӡͣƷ缱æһߣЩ֪룬ӴӣҲǵҲǡ
ûһܶ㣡Ͱô̫ˣһȥϵ϶ˣ֮ǰѹȥ١
ǰͦ飬ôƵģһȥҪҲðǲƤ
ԭΪԼף峤ƹôĻöһ£Լ¿ҲˣƹǼװû
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ˣֹ˲öܲĽԼӴϣæ֮£ֻ˰һӡ͵ϡ
صһ
˱ǿһɳһ˳ȥһƺߣⶼûѪĵԶĵ档
͸ûƵģ˲ѪλƵվһҶġ֣˼˵ұֻɣ
ֱתͷȥٿһۡ
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˴˻ЩһѪ˳ղ㲻˵Ҷִվʲô£޲ýûأûۡ
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һӣǰٴγһƿ
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Ҫ˵ĲУҩһ飬ƷŵƣСʱͱȹӻֻҪŹ֭Һܲµõҩݡ
мҲжصķҪûӣƷҲʯǰºڣУһġ
Ʒһ߱ҩʱʱĲ⿴˿Լƺһ˿ΣȣһŨŨı֮⡣
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״Ʒڴ֮Уƿ֣ⲻһ£ҧҧ
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ڴУƷ绺ƿȴûţǵһһöʯУһ֮£ӡһЩݡ
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Ʒȴǻ뿪˿ƿһЩǰ˼£˲¶֮ɫüȻ̫ŵӡ
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Ҵΰ£ô˭ǹٴ̲סˣһ˳ȥúõļƻƷ罫ԼүһѣҲˣ㻹ˣе㲻˰ɣ


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ӣˣЩнǳ軵ˣƢԼꡣ
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˵ûҩģ˵ǲ̫ˣҪ֪˶Ѿˡ˺ƤҲ˲̫ࡣ
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뿼˴𰸶Ա֮£Ʒʼҩȫȷҩϲ̫µڶҲݱʧ༸ȫԡ
һ־֮Уڶ˽Ʒ粻ȡ˵һ˵û̫⣬ΪƷҩгġ
ȻƷȫȷ˻ЩģΪ̫ٵˣ
ɷӣΪṩϰҩʲôҩԣҲʹԼЯҩֻҪƳĵҩƷʸߣٶȿ죬ʤߣȫأֱ߽ӽ峤ѡʸ񡣡
ʵû˵̫࣬һǰֵ¯ҩһҩѻ˵档
Ʒ绺¶֮ɫɵЦ˿Զʯѩӡ
λҪˡƷ绺ڵ
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ٺ٣ѩӣǻ֪Ѷ˵ĺáٴЦһ
ƼҵĹأ޷ǲ˸ȷ涨׼˻ֳϣҪǲóķ˵ʯĳ޷ߣҲֻܱڳĿ˳ЦʯȻЦе˵һ䣬Լ֣ѩ޷סˡ
ЦСҲҿڳԣȻ㲻ߣϷֻһˣ˵ŻֺȭӰֱʯѩӣǺХķֵܹģ
λƷɫȻһ䣬ƾҪ֣ѩӸֱӼ˶ƻǰֻʯ˿ЦеĿȭӰ޶ԡ


İʮ߻ 
ȭӰƷȻһ֣ѩǿƶ׼ʯվԼƺŵֶˣݺݵıһ
ģڣˣֹˣѩɫص˵һЩͷ׷׹
ʱֻʯһΣȻѩǰֻƣӡƮƮһĶȥ
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ԼȭҲҪشԡ
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ܣһǸûüЩľګ˵
Ʒ統ʱ;ˣ㶵ĿʯѩӸС죬һܾӣǰ˵˼ҵС£ҿŮ󣬵ڡ
֪ڣʯĳ˵仰Ȩʯ΢΢һЦ
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ʲôˣǿպĴڣȴɢˣûм˸ȥǡ
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Խս²٣ԽɱǷëǣǵһսϧǵӱͷһԪɱ
ֵӲ࣬˵Ҳĸѣŭ֮£ǹƥһ壬ȻɱǼţûһڣ޶ûзŹ
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ʯĳݣ˽⣬ҪƵѻӦòƻƼҵĹذɣʯЦЦ
Щɲ֪ɨʯü飬ʵʵڵһڣǿӲȻĶ֮ˣסԼ˵뵽
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ʯСѿˣƼ˻Ȼʲôƻأ㾡ǡ
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Ԫ鵤쿴ƳԪ鵤ǿǷԪָΪõĵҩ
ǿ嵤ڷԪΪҲкܴô
һƳĵҩһЩ޲ϼңЩСƳĵҩͨƳġ
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ͨԪȻͨԪ
ʲôͨԪ˵ǿǶڷԪмĺôЩҩܶʱڻָս
ССͣƳͨԪƼҺˡһЩͷ׷׿ޣȻЩҩƷ磬֮ϣǼжĴڡ
ٺ٣֮ǰֻǽҶѣɷӣ벻ʲôֵģ㻹ǸϽ¯ɣʧܱɵˣ˵ˣҲǵ͵ȵҩӮ˵ġ
Ϳ˿Ʒ磬Щ˵žԿԿıǮ
صһ
ʱֻƷǰһһ˫ĿһѧĺܴǳŴмһûҩ
һɵĴ̱ǽζţһźڲЩĲԲֿУҩΧմһʧܣȻ۳ɵҲΪˣһҩԶûС
״ʯ˫ĿһգЩͷ۵̫Ѩٲ࿴һۣƷЩεĿ˿ʯˡ
û취ʱһѧһָ߼ҩʵںѺѣƷԵúΡ
Ҿ˵ʧܣ㻹Ҫۣϣĵܣź˰Ļӣʲô͹ȡЦ
Ǹ߿ˣҿǡѩҡͷһЦΪӣǰһǰһ
ȻˣȿȣЧò෴ģ
ôҶˣһΪˣˣȻҶѾϣӦˡ
ͨҳɼ죬峤ѡˣƷʧܣֻͨԲܽѡֳ΢Ц˵ûκʯȻɫһĳȥ


İʮ˻ 
˽ƹȻᷴԣ˸ûκϾƷʵʵڵʧܣһǰš
ǺǣˣЦǺǵĻû˵꣬㱻һϵϡ
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δ䣬ʯǰȥǸϼһһ׹Լ䣬â֮ƯһӰ
˰׷룬һɫۣϵݾԴ֮ɫ˫Ŀ֮ȴӥ۰ϸɢһӴѹ
ӭأּ״æվΣƹų߹
ӭүأƷ˫ĿһæŰ׷߹һ֣֮ɫ
һЩͼ״ҲɵɫȻĴһк
ߣƼףԪ۷ڣֻ˴Բ֮
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棬֪֮ǰΪ˽ΪǰˣЩʵҲ΢΢üЩɻ
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棬֮ǰȷʧܣֻǵҶѡ˵껰ƹҲǵ˵ͷƷԼЩɻ
ٺ٣˷˽ʤͶֻڵڶ΢΢һЦ
ʲô棬ֻǵңпʧɫ΢΢һ䣬̫ѵͷӺͿˣƫƷСӣ
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ʲôࣿʲôࣿѧϰʱ䲻һѾ˲ˡͲΪȻ˵
ƹоâһЩֶԾһ֮£ƷǰĵವһУƹűǼ
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ңҩҩ㲻ٳ֣Ҳ֪ڱأѻΪ˵ڴƼСҩȱţһëѡ
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ЩֻҩطҲ֮֮ҩ䲻ǿ󣬵ȴǸ߸ϵʥء
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ǵȻ֮붼һֵҩˣȻ˽ɢȥɣȥ´Ƽ濴˿ƹŶˡ
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澹Ȼȥ´ʯѣѩӣ˷лλƷЦǺǵ˵Ƴһ־ŭͣԼɫѿϹܼҡ
ɸûϵҪԼŵҩȻǰأû㻹ӣ
ѩ֪ⵤʯ̵ģΪһֱز©Խоء
ѩӣⶼǾţһëүʱˣᷢүĲֹЩƷ絹Ҳװͷһ˦ͷΪ˧Ĵѩӷ´ʯҡͷһЦ漴ȥ


İʮŻ 
Ƽң´ڣ
·ֱƹֵܣƷ磬Լʯѩˣ
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ɤӣɫһĵߣύ˲ˣλѩòǣʵǷҼʩչĹӦǳ¼Һ˰ɣ
ԣѩüһԥƬ̺󣬿ڵϵüǰ
Ǻǣǰ¸÷ǰ󵤣Ҽ¼֮һ档Ƽ΢΢һЦ
ʲôǼҸĸףڿҸĸϢѩɫЩ
ֻǺ˵Ǽ屻𣬳¼֮伣ԺδƼ̾Ϣһ
ԣѩӳĬЩʧЩˡ
ʯһѩĸ׽ãԼͬѧѩã䲢ͬһˣֻǳˣ¸ᵽһ£һֱʯء
˼ѩӸ׶ҲϴλԼ˸ӣѩӦҲ֪Ĳ࣬״ļƻҲˡ
ѩӽڰܼµѵĺˣҲһԵ֣ʵ¼ұ𣬵Ϊûܽӹһ٣ҲǻԵСˡƼɫ
棬֪ҳ¼ҵĶкˣ˭ģѩһ
ԣüһɫ㻹ǲ֪ĺãڲ֪ɱ֮ʱʱ򣬻Ϸ㡣
ָ㡣ѩվΣƾҪ¡
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⡭ѩЩż
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ԣƹɫһвɵİԾȴ޷ţԼҶûеĵһëͷСУ
Īֵĵ뵤Ϲϵ
棬ʯĳڡʯ˵
ǺǣʯСϷƽ۽ͺãǸ۸ġ״һƹٴ𾪣ƷѩҲɵš
ʯоâһĪǶԷԼΪҲ֪
ɫ£ʯ΢΢һЦ̧ˣʵڲҡ
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֣ұʵΪʱΪ۱֣ǲΪʵʯСȻֻ
Ҫ涯ͨԪҲµģһҵȷԪкҪʯСܻϷѵ㻹Ҫ䵱СԴĵ
ˣֵͷжЩ
ԣʯСѲҪĺáЦЦ
ȻƵ˵ˣʯĳѾЩˣʯ˹֣ûʲôϲ֮ɫɫ⣬ƼԼƽ۽һ΢һ㡣
һĻֵɾһֿˣ̬ȣֱЩ˿ʯӦһϲмŶԡ
ʯСĪҩȵˣߣȻһ䣬˲һ¡
ƵѺγԣʯǲ뱩¶ݣϾ磬Щ鲻ô
ʯѲض룬ֵҩϷֻ֪ҩȲ˻ƣҳͣʦó˵
ԸЩСƺֵҩϷ²⣬ʯĪߣȻҩУ治Ͻƶ֮£ǲ³˾Ųʮ
Ǹʯĳ˵ʯ¶Ǹ֮ɫ
ߣʻȻ㵱ΪԼǷԪˣ棬ǵʲôҩ˵󣿡΢ŭĿ˿ʯһ䡣
ߣǶϷ˵ǿģͨԪ޷Ტۣҩúͻƿ״Բ֮ǿŵҩǡ˵꣬ƹŵ¶ݣһ֮ɫƷѩЩãȻͷһֵҩ


İʮ 
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ƹţ漴Щ涼˵ˣǻкβŵģ
κһԪ֮˶ģ˱ƾ˵һٳƿ״Բ֮
Ǹ磬ƬؼףҪûûмͻƿġ
ȻƹûԪڣֵҩ͹ҲȻĶɱ˶ᱦҲ
ΪǵջʵǳʯԤϣΪͲʢ˵ҩҲУΪҩԴȱԵʡ
ȻЩҩȵɫҩǴĵҲδС
ҪǣƹԶòֻҪ֣ƼĵλѸһƳΪҩȵĵ塣
ɴˣɫ΢ʯҲҪĵãƷ֪ƷҲòŵʯ
ڿɲ⶯ǿˣƷĵϴ˷˱һˣǱѡΪ峤̳֮һ
Լ䣬ƷĵλѾһ΢ĵزҲǴǰǸˣ֣Ҳôһ淢ŭ˭ܳܵŭ
˽˵ô࣬Ʒѩ֪ãҲ׷׾ɲĿʯ˷Խ͸ˡ
տʼѩӻûƵڣƺԼЩԴˣ
ʯ˵ãȿ˹ʯѾͻὫҵμĨҲҵĴۣҲĸԸƷ翴˸ˣɫһ˵
ʲôǾԲУ̷ԣƼҵĵ³ȥĵ
Ǻǣ붯ǿˣʯĳԼĵĪȨҪʣʯһû˿ɫ
㡭ָҪŭǱƼִϡ
ʯСѣĨƷ䣬ҲӦõģ˷Ϸ⡣
Ϸи֮룬ϣܰһȻϷҲԻóһЩСǺ۷壬òԶ
Ŷ֪ʲôʯȤʵ
ʯǵʦϷԸԪĵ˵꣬ƹ۽һƼɽ֮
ȻҲд˵ĵκһɣ⴫֪Խ࣬ԽֵǮ
ƼҲΣΪԪĵУȴΪϲ㣬޷ƣ˵ҩҩȫƼҲ׼ҩԼ
ҩȲɵһֹ涨۵ҩڸߵļ۸ۣҲҩһҩһҲĵĹ涨ĵֺγˣ
˵ƼҿеҩҪܻһĵһŵҩҲһĪջ
ǺǣʯĳҪʯ˵ְ꣬һ׳գ̶ȣԪĵĵ֮ϡ
񲻻ֻһ˾ȻܾԷǵʦҲ޶ۣԪĵõκһ޼֮
ʯСѲǵʦǱ㻻ȡһ߽ԪƼ˵꣬ƹ˫ĿһɣˣҲûи߽Ԫ
Ҫʯصľܾ
ʯСҪʲôƼɫ
ɽ֩ͼ뾫ʯʯ֣ص
ʯü˵ɽ֩ͼڣһ԰ʯСŪһλͼڴʦרһͼڵĻһʱӦÿ깤
ھʯЩѰ죬Ϸ˵һҲûУԾʯϡٳ̶ȣºѸ㵽
ɽ֩ͼڣʯĳѾͼʦˣԾͲͷƵˣҵ˼ǣֳɵɽ֩ͼڣǾʯѵңʯһ䡣
Ƽǵңм̣뱦ҩߣ֪ϱϢЩϱ̡
Ѵ񣬻Щ˻һֻԼ̣ЧԶǽǮƶġ˼
棬λϣ
ʱϹܼҼҴҵ˽һ֮ɫ
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λϣ棬Դչҩʧ֮󣬱ǿʼִѹǵ̣ǰʱȻ»ά֡
̼û˿ˣȥƼ̿϶Ҫŵģ볤ø⡣Ϲܼ˵
ˣߣ̫ȥǡŭѵ
ţ²Ҫ嶯ͶͺԸһôöԸģԪˣ˼ԾӪ̣֮ȥ飿Ҫ˱󡭡˵оâһĿһѩӡ


İʮһ 峤֮
棬ô죿һ䡣
мٵգʵ
ҡϹܼһش
ãƹţϴǰȥ֧Ԯ뾡һа취һҪ̾ȻԸϣλߣϹܼ˳ȥ
λЦˡ׿˿ʯѩӡ
޷ʯҡҡͷȻƵ£ʯĳҲ͸ˣѴ񡣡
ҲãȥϢɣһҪҪ˹͡˵꣬ƷӦһ˻뿪
ĬãƼüͷ΢壺ΣҲҪ㵽ǰһ״ԲĻᣬܴ

ʯѣλı˳ȥȻҲҪлѩӡصסƷҡͷԵ˵
˵˵°ɣҵͼô죿ѩʵ
ֻҪһֱʯѵɽ֩ͼڻϣʦȻ㻭ͼڵģٺ١ӸЦ
أѩʵ
˼Բãѩû˰ߴٰ˵Ϊﵽ˷ԪҲһȥ𣬲𣿡Ʒֵ˵
ǡȥ𣡡ѩ˫Щã˼ãȻ˵ͷֵЩ
ˣʦûҩǲֵģȽҩƳƷһҪĨʯɫһ˵
ѩüһ壬֪ΪΣ侹ȻһֽŸУȻԼ޹أ䱻ĨܸоԼ˵һﲻ̫
֣ӵ⣬˿ûзϾ˵ãӻǺسŵģһĻѩЩ
ʯһ侲ڣְסƷǣ˿һɢƬ̺ʯջơ
ˣʼ˵ŻʯһһѲ뵤¯ҩְգƷ磬ʦĵҩƣҽ㡣
ʲôϴ㲻̫ðɣһѿ
ôԸ⣿Ļᡣʯɻ
ٸһĨ䣬ԴˣҲŲӾ졣
޷εĵ̫أĨļ䡣ʯ˵껰Цʯʦĵҩ
ʱ仺ţתۼ䣬ʱȥˡ
ڼ䣬굤ҩʦ߼ѣӦ˻ɽ֩ͼѩӵͼڣ˺ٲʦ
ѩӵûʲôǣңżӻȥתתʯĴʯ䣬Ҳڴ˵زż˽һ̵
ƼҲϵʼûоʯϢƼ޷ģΪǳϳά֣ҲڹŴ󼪣˾š
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ˣͱҾͺˣܳеʲôü
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ʲôɲҪ˵ƹŵȴЦˡ
ãȻƷСͣͶطֵΣӦЩ׼Ӧøһᣬ棬оأ
ְ취ʰƷ綼ҲƷ羹ȻԼţҵյ̣Լƹ˽ⲻǸûлء
ֻҪˣỴ̄ǴӴͶǶһ޶ļ̳ˣƷ粻ȥС
ɿǺˣ沢ûֱͬ⣬Ƿһ䣬ֵƷ練ڡ
үѾȻҪ峤ȻҪΪףΣ֮ʱȻҪһȥ峤ƺƷһȻ˵ʵоǸ
ĬãƼ۾â˸׼ˣ
¸ңʹȥ̣ƨƨߵĴƷ뿪ƹ̾Ϣһ¶˼֮ɫ


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ºƷͶˣ׽Ѿ׼ŵ̡
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ĬãƷ³֣ɽ
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ƹţƷ磬Լʯѩӡ
ƹţʲôҪ˵ģһ䡣
ü漴Ц棬֧һ̣֮ңļ׼رյʱʵͺֻܲûչˡ
ڼȻ»ǰҪǷ̣ŬӪһңȻˣǹûʱѡ峤ҶȻͶһƱ
磬⻰Щ԰ɣ˵ˣ˭Ӫֱ̣峤ģ˵˼𣿡ƹʵ
˰ˣ㵱ͶȥǼ̣һᾭӪû׼ڻáƲƲ졣
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үҴô˵ôǣȻ翴Ǽ̣ǾȥˣȥӪ׼رյҡƷЦǺǵ˵
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Ȼ˵ˣǾ˰ɣһΣϣҪسŵˣɫ
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鷢չϡ
ºƷ羭Ӫ̽ɫȴǰǼ̣ȷʵٴȷʵǰΪܵǿѹƣοЩΪ


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ڼ䣬ʯɽ֩ͼڵ֣ʦѩӻͼڣѩһֱƼңƷڴ̵Ĺϵһֱûʱ׽ѩӡ
ƷƲѣƷĳɾͣѩȴЩο
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Ƽԭļ̣Ʒ羭Ӫҵҩ̣ʯָ֮£ֿҲϱ̡
Щ̶һͬĿ꣬߼չʯʯϢ
һգƼ´ڣףƹ˶С
֣޻˵˰ɣ濴˿ˡ
ȻƷ翴峤Ȥ˵飬ڰˣҲӰߵ
磬ǵĳŵܱ䡣ƹ˵˵Ҳǵģ֪ڸҲ¶档
Ц˼Ҳ峤ǻӲģƲƲ졣
̸֮䣬ſӰһƷӰֶһ㶣漴¶Ц
ߣѾѡ١ʲôֻû˵꣬ȻƷһϢۺȻ˷Ԫǿߡ
ôܣǰս״Բôھͳ˷ԪˣѵŪ˷ԪЩɲ
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Ŀ峤ֻе峤воԵȨȨʱ򣬷ܴƼҷǣҲ취ŪƷɫһ
ʲô˫Ŀһ¶˼֮ɫ
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ʱţһת۶
ѩӵͼڶˣƼ̸ԽԽСѾȫߣΪƼ̵ĵ̣Ʒ峤ҲԽԽˡ
ʯľʯһֱûϢʱ䣬ȴǽͨ͸ͼȫǼΪǵľѪͼڣʯٴγӡͼ֮Уͼһֱϣ׼
ʯѰ£ϴθҵĵҩһ£ҸСȥҲ׷Ԫٺ١ƷЦ䣬ƤĿʯ


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Ƽ٣ƷʯĥӲݸ˵ļֵƼҵʵ٣˼µĵҩ
ˣƼ֮ˣƷǶĽʺޡ
ǰһȥȥ⾰ͳƼ峤Ԫ۷壬߸ò绨Ůӡ
˵ŮӺףÿƷ࿴ŮһۣܵŮӵİٰĥƷ絹ҲԸ⣬Ǵһμѻ
ˣСƬ̶Ƽ¢ϣԲ㣬ƼҲʲô
ΪСڵݣǿ˵ĴӪݵأƷ˺üȥݿ̣Է־Ӫֶδѹ̧ͷ
ȻҲһȫСݿ̣ԭˮˮǶٻЩĦ浹Ǻܺ

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ʮֻС죬ܲóһƣһһâΪһֻɫСſڡ
סſڣκδţǿɱ⣡ʯ˵꣬ɫСɫһĵ˵ͷ漴Ǵ˸Ƿ˫Ŀһյĺ˯
һĻʯʵЩ
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ʯ޶ԣҲʯкζһǺȻųĿƹ⣬һ֮£ǽˮȥ
ƾˮҲ޷ǻɫϼֻܱڵһ֮ϣ״ʯ˿漴Ħһͼڡ

ﶬڱ仯
תۼ䣬һʱȥô֮£ѩӶøУȴûдﵽ޵ĵز
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ҴҵƼԶ̽磬ƼҲһϯ֮λӾǸ㲻ԼŮ
ѵѩӻǲϲңЩƲ֣£ֻܽͶ뵽̴ʱ䡣
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һı仯ʯ֪֮ڣһ֮пǹС
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Ȼ仯ĲֹЩ仯Ҫϸۿʵȥǰֶѡ
һĻԶСɾһˣʯĳʹ࣬һħʱ任ޡ
Ҳǰֻʯڻ˺ҧĿȨ
Сһʯα޸ǣǸɫëĻ޵ʯһ״̬иͣ
Ҳ֪ϲʯѹޣ
ÿСһŭ𣬶ԭͣһЩʯûռ壬ʱ仺ţʯ任޵ٶԽԽ
ʱһʱڱ任״ʯɫһƬ԰ףĴϢҲ½١
ÿһʯޣõĪѹƣʱûСԸӼֱһѹޱȵĸޡ
ֱʯֻ޸һ壬ڼͣ˲٣С龪ɲʯǰ˫ĿתëĶʯ
ʯ˿ͬʮ˲ֻصһ㣬ʹĻңֱ޷ԴͬһҪըֻǿҧ֣һ˿ѡ
ֱºʯûб޸壬ƺڰ˲٣䲻˫Ŀһز˺ɫѪ˿ɫ԰ޱȡ
ȻǷħһ㣬ݼ㲣ʯУȴһ˿ϲ
ڳɹˣ벻ΣգҪǵڵľ磬֮ǿͱ߱ռ廯ħˡ
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ʯٶԣó׼õĵҩæ˽ȥĿ

ĸºƼ´ڣ
ɫޱȣռѹ֣Ҫһ㡣
Ҳǰأƹ´ڣɫ̫ÿӡ
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ⳤôģΪβչ˺峤ڷδǡȻһ棬ҡͷ̾Ϣѣŭɫ
棬һֱ˼ʵڲ֪ʵڲ֪峤˴ˡί
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峤㲻Ϸкȥչˣ̫Ҳ峤̫̰ģȻܵݿ̣ŷͻƹҡͷ
ߣİɣƲƲ죺Ȼڱչأҿ˵ѩӲ֪Ϊǵˡ
Ա˵˶ϣֵʱ峤ȥæΪԪڿ޵һ˴²ʡҿƣҲָʵˣĳΪˡߵ
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⡭ƹɫһ
ߣѩѾͷʯģǲƼңЩӣƷȥộСݱԵֱ̣˴ѹûʲôˣǻ
ƹ˫Ŀһ棬ǲǲʵϾ˼ҾӪ̶꣬ҵԪϸһ齨ˡ
ߣҪԪ۷壬Ǹںһڵûʲô֣ƼҾѹεĴݲС
ǷѣǸѩѾͷˣ¹ǶԸ˼۷嶼ǿ˵Ԫ©ˡҡͷʵڲöս
ǰ棬ԪڣǵĶ֣Ͱն˵ģҪھӪʲôˣǶˡƹȰ˵
ʵˡ˫Ŀʹû˵ȥ

ͬһʱ䣬ĳ侲ڣ
Ʒɫ԰ף²ʡڴϣһһ飬мѪѩ˫Ŀͨվߡ
ɵӣҪΪֵ㲻ó֣Ӧȥӣ㲻Ƿϲ
ھ͸𰸣ϲ㣬ҿԺ飬֮ǰֻû㣬㵹ѵҪְ޸𣿡˵Żѩӳ
ȿȣһԾһ£ʱƷ˫Ŀѩứ˳һѱסƷ硣


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һӣһҩֵ棬ţһСְգһת֮£ǻΪСʯһ˽ȥ

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ĳ֮ۡڣĵӰС
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ֶ߽ۣż峤ǹǿδ峤Ӱˡ
һûĸݣͬӥһΪҲǴﵽ˷Ԫ۷壬˴ºźϹ֣\ϼ峤
һһ꣬ĸߴ״һ⣬ʹһ׶֮ࡣ
콹ϼ峤Ԫ۷ΪƷģǴˡ
˵ļ壬ǿǴСⳤģ̻ܶǰһˣһ·̲̣¢ҵСݣҲЩ̲
ֻϧΪƷʯ̲СݵļƻڼǰϳСݣʱ̼ҵ˵Ǿ޷̵ġ
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£ֻزپҵϴ׺겻õǿӲֶΣٴ˳Բɳ콹شƷ硣
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Ϲ²ưոݣѻСĵáϹ˵
ߣϼһƼ֮˻ͲЩǸԴˣѸ̲ƼҲҵ콹Ʋ
ʱƼҲȷ׾ʡ͵ĵƣǼǰʯȻƷ֮ƼҸ׼ݺݵطˣ


İʮ߻ 붯
ƷڻָΪʯȫ£ﵽ۷塣
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ѩҲ˳ﵽ˷ԪڣƹŶˣȻûʯϾƼҲЩҩȻʯƷ׸ߡ
ϼһʱ䳤ټϵҩҲǿڣ˵˶нΨЩơ
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ˣ˳״ǣоƼӦЭˣ㶯ûУҪ˵Ӳƴ˭ŵġ
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ߣΪ۷壬ᲢˣһڵĻᶼûС콹һӣһųƷϯȥʯǿϷԶЦеĿˡ


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ãи֮Ч޷ӦĴڡѩһ䣬ڻлһ漴ųƻǰ
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İʮŻ ټ
ѹƬ̣һͽԪĶƣپнԪɫԲǲ٣ǧľӰ˵Ĳϡ
ּĲϣһЩ鱦ϡеı˵ʵϵƷ㹻֧һˣš
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һΣסˣ콹һ£λ콫ӵĿ⣬ϼ棬һЩƻ


İʮ ս
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ƷЩɻ󲻽⣬ݿһ̣үһţ±ǴʯѩӸ˻
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ñĺӳȻ常븸ĸϵһԵĸ֮һԲ
ǰƼ̵ܲɣҲװƼ̡ƹȻҲЩԡ
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峤һԼΪģأ㻹˼˵峤ʵүֻ˫Ŀ봹ûпڡ
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û취ڵ֣ȷƷĶ֣ô򵥣ʵܵѹƵʱʲôƨĵô
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Ʒһ˦˽Сݵ̶øǣȻʯȥ𴦿̣ʱѹǿɾͱǰæˣߡ
⡭ƹɫһûʯƷ磬˶ԸƼҼֱ׾٣ҪǶƴƤһƴǱӪ֮Щʦ˼洫˱Ƚϣ
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ȻˣܸʯСһɣƼ濪ڵ
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Ϊ˼ҹǿҲڽףǹǽ׶ķԪ۷壬ʵҲµġ
ʣһϹ֣ʵʵڵķԺ۷Ϲ֣壬㣬ѩӣҲǺϹֵĶ֣һһѩʵǿĹǿ
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ʱϹܼһŻŵײŶ룬˲һã˵ϹܼҴſǻˡ
ˣ˵ˣģԪǿߣϹܼ˵꣬ƼҲпһ£ݶƼ˵ָ֣֮ŵòҿ


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˵ˣߣӭսǣһҪƴƣһʧһ㲻ô嶯ġ
Ʒ˵Żȳ̸ȥȴƷ粢ȥ˵ˣǷס
ⲻӰɣа˻Լȴ棬ڿ˵󻰡
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ֱǷԪ۷ĹϹ֣ԼԪڵ콹ͷԪڵĹǿ֣ѹĴݻƼҡ
ϾƼֻԪֻһǺ۷壬ʣµֻƷ۷壬ƹŲڣ콹͹ǿһԸˣ˵ĺĺϹˣԼƷˡ
Ƶѣ겻һ۵ĹżۣޱĿƼˡ
ٺ٣ŵѶ겻ΪʤǰϲˡЦЦƹţ˵ʸûС
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콹Ҽҷһ³ƼֺγҪ⳥ЦȻ֪Уȴûʧȥϡ
ߣ׼˺⳥Ƽңֻһֱִ°ˡ۴Բ˵ѡ
ϴνƷˣҪǾΪƼͣǵĿĺܼ򵥣ֻΪҵѣϾǼƼңƴһսĻٻЩʧġ
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ʯҪԼԸϹ֣˲ɫ΢䣬ƷҪֹǱʯִϡ
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𣬲һΪʵһأȻһЩų⡣
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ٺ٣һͨպ֡ʯ΢Ц˵ȴһ˿أû˿֮ɫ


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һ𣬹Ӱ˲仯ΪһƬɫ𺣣ĴһŴɫһ飬˲źϹһƮȥ

һҽдϹɫȻһ䣬û뵽Ǻ۵һɫȻ˲ƵԼĻ⣬Ҫյǻ˵ã
ȻǱɫմۣһֱ˲仯ΪҽϹֵҲǾʹ˿˲ѡ
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ǸսڵĹǿƹϼһ۸ĴܣһѪ˵һֱҲɣǾ֮ɫ
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ʲô߽Ԫ֮Ϲɫ䣬˸ǲɵж΢΢һʯʩչǿĹˣԪ֮һ߽ױʵ⣬ƼҲɵ۽΢΢һ


İʮĻ ɫ
㵽ʲôˣϹɫصĿʯƳһ۰и߽Ԫ֮
ȻĿǰԼûΣգһֱĴȥ˷ĿҲͺˣҿʯֶƵ˵ʲôơ
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ʲôô֪ôϸϹɴ˫ۣоʯյ̶óֱǲ˼顣
۸˫۵ɵĹԲ侪ȵĲʯ˽Լƿ˶̣ǶʱڿԼ˽˵룬Ƶ˾ȷˣɲһóġ
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ܼ򵥣ƼһĿǰҾӪ̣Ҹһ棬ǰҾӪ̣ҿԸ棬һУҪҺƷĽʯ΢Ц˵
ߣÿĿҪ˵أƾʲô߳ɣ١Ϲɫһ
û˵ʸ񣡡ʯЦҪô䣬˱ǴƣҪôģҽƷ磬ݿ̣ھӪ֮ϴݻˡ
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ԣСݽǵ̻ܣҲһʯ΢΢һЦ˵
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ҪǾӪ֮ʧܣ˸ᷭ䣬ֻҲ޷κ˼ң۲жҡ
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Ҫҵ·زֺηһأô󣬵ȥߣʯĳľӪ֮Ƽλ֣ǱȻһҵʯɫ
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ˣʯʼ磺˵ĿɲǸĸɣÿ棬׬׬ٿԼ
ȻڲֻҪ棬ҽ̸̿ڸ޿ǵ棬ڵ屶ʮһ˾ڵ룬ǻ⣿
ʲôʯѵ˼ǣ˫Ŀһ
ҿݣҽãԺͽǿһ˴һޣɡ
Ȼڻ밲ݺݿ̣ʱָˣÿ˴һޣ档
ʱʯĳ޿̣˭˭ʱ뾫˭ȥȻҪΪ˶׬ǮȥµĴޣǰ︺޸ˣʯĳҪ۳ġ
ԣ߶ͣͿµˣʯĳҲ̰ģԺСݾͽƼңʯĳĲȡݣǹĸУһɺôҪʯɫ
ʯѴ˻棿ЩţƼҲǼС̽ƼңǱ׬Ǯ
ʯĳûбҪҲûǸʱǿЦͬǻȥϸڣͬ⣬ٺ٣Ǽ־ˡʯһ
ʯ˵ﻰܲͬģʯѲݣȥ׬ôɵӶܾ
Ī˵ɺôҲܾͺͰĲ࣬Ϲ֣Ҳɣ۹һЦ˵
ߣҪˣĳȻᷴԣϹߵ
ʯѲҪ⣬ڹƢƵѣǾͽɣЦǺǵ˵ˣֻҪ㹻棬ǰϱѡ
ԭҪһˣ׷ϲЦտȥ׼һ¾ϸڡ

ǬԪ½ĳ֪
һƬޱߺĳһӴıɫƯϣߴľ˾Ĵڵ֮ϣ𵭽ɫ˻
ɽˮ㣬޳Ⱥļ紺ٻţƣʹõ˼ɫʣ˼ɾһ㡣
һư磬̻Ի͵Ľɫڵĳ⣬͹־Ų㣬ÿһ㶼аɶߣŲֱ֮ɹһ㲨׳
ԶԶһۣҲޱȣְƣܱͨȡ
ڣĳ֮УһŰɫȹȵŮӣһ鵭ɫ֮ϣǰһ̴֧ľ㣬ƷС
һҪңֻҪҽԲ֮ͿԳȥˣȹŮתϾǳ˼һΪȴǷԪ۷ڣ


İʮ 뽺
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ݾڣĳ֮Уʯһ侲ڣ˫ĿŴ⣬˼֮ɫ
õľʯʵʯҲйڵϢȻĵĲЩֻһֱĵװˡ
ʱ޿̲ٵǣҵģˣһһ٣Ǳˣ
ʯ˵Щ⣬ʦѵĴڣʦ˵ûʯܾܿͲڵĵز
٣һ·ߵûӿİνǲ٣ʯʯҲǲֻ˫ղˡ
թ磬ԴԼˣʯо̫ˣЩӿҲ
ϧԴǴιŻһʯҲûмڼҲȥŻȴһϢûС
ҪǵʯܴӦóȡϢģֻϧҩ˽ҲǺܶࡣ
ʯֻý뵤壬һϢ֪ͨԼֻһΣû˿ĿΡ
ӵʲôطǷ׷ˣ
ʯǵ˵ֻϧԼＱҲãԶʯҲƽԴϾżҲûãͷ飬ԼҶҲֻĵס
ȻһЩԹߣӴʶ˽ĸһЩʯУȴǲö֪ˣ
ҪۼգʯüͷʵòϣϾʯɲǲ֪ͼˡ
ǴμԼԼ֣ʯҲǺԥð֣ԸǸصĶޣƴų̷ܷ֮ڷ̵ıҲЩɣĶ顣
Щ飬ǲҪ˵ģñʯδκἰ˭˽ʯǷ˼֮أ
ʯԼţԼʵһİºɣǸǸŮˣǸԼŶӹУҲҪԱŮˣҲˣ
㣬㻹ţһҪŰһҵģ
֪ΪΣʯʼôһִţ٣ҲΪԼŬһֶ
ΪҪЩʲô飬綼벻ʵʱǮҲʵֱӣھԵʵǰǹɷҲӡ
ȻǮֻΪʵĵʯˣʱҲһЩô
ֻҪ˺۷壬ͿԳԲƿˡ
ʯ˫ĿһУҪ׼ҵʯʯͱչˣϾҩԼȱչܱɢΪÿЩ
ȻҲ˶죬Щ˼Ǳչظ꣬ΪԴʲԭΪҲԴͷֻܻΪ
Щ˵ʯԽˣǴչһӣ˷Ԫڱչأһбչǧ꣬ȻΪȴʼǻ谵ɽжȹܵİϲá
ַʽʯɲҪҲգкЩΣֺγ֤һ־

ʯ˼ʱǰ˽ʯӦһһӰŶ룬Ʒ硣
ٺ٣ʯѣȫ׼ˣ͵ͷȥĽݿˡƷЦǺǵ˵
Ŷݣݹ˵˼Ҫ㽺ݣ˸˳Ӳ̫ð죬Ҫúоһ£ҽ̸ľӪ֮ѧôˣʯһ䡣
İɣ㻨𣿺ٺ٣ˣڼô𣿡ƷһЦ
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˽⣬ˣ֮ҹܲסĸһü
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ΪãҲһѡ
Լ취ã̽磬ʵڲ󡣡ƷЦЦ
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ϵһСˡʯ˿ֱĽֵɫɫȺԼֵԸߴĽԵĸоķ٣Ǵɱȡ
߱ȱȽǣżԪҲΪ棬ֻǲˡ
ʯѣǴסһٴȥٱ󡯣ҲǽƵˡȻᳵ·
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λʯѣҾõˣŽݣʯתһˬʵЦ
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ʯǣʯЩɻĿ˿꣬һԪΪʯһ㡣
ԴʣǼҸ΢΢һЦȻСӣ⵹ʯЩ


İʮ˻ £
ԭԴӣʧ룡ʯ˹֣漴ƿš
ʯѿˣ룡ԴˬһЦ˽뾲֮С
֪ԴУʯĳӦʲôԸɣʯ΢΢һЦ
ǺǣʯѲſڻӱտڻӵģƺѼɣĻϰ壬ŵݣǿĻֵܳܣֺαؿԴ΢΢һЦ
ԣʯɫһǺǣԴӺͨϢǵʯĳ˵Żʯ˫Ŀ΢
ʯѲҪ룬ĳʲô뾳ĵѶбڲѯʼ˽⡣ԴЦЦ
ԭˡʯ˵ͷڵѲĵİɣʲôԸʯĳֻҪܼȻֵġ
Ըɲ˵ĳֻǸоʯΪչѸͣȻԿӪĳ壬ʯѽѰˡԴɫ
ѣʯЩˡ
ĳһ⣬ɾ⣡Ԫ˵ŻһһöԪָУ漴Ӹʯ
һɨʯɫһ治һнԪһֻƿֻʯûϳǺֵҩ
ˣҲѿĴֱʣҪԼʲôó˶ôã֮ȷʵЩ֣ʯɲ¡
лѣֻʯĳڲҳ˺񣬲ʲôҪֻҪʯĳܼһֵġʯɫһָԴ
ʯĪǿ壿Դɫһ壬ָ˻ȥǱ񣬶ʯ˵ǿšԪһ󡣡
ԪʯЩɻ
˵ֻлڲֱϵпܷһţԪʮꡣԴ΢΢һЦ
ӶʮԪʯһ£Լҽʢ֮ϣҲƵĵȴûвϣʯҲòֵҩ
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ȻԽǹأʯзǲ
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²ʯѰġ
ȵȡʯȻվ
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˵оʯ֪ɷ۸ʯĳһС飿ʯɫ
ʯԴҡͷһЦ类õˣʯҪĳǿԴΪһȻҪʲôҩҲɾܿڣĳҩЩ飬ǿԪҩġ
ҩȣʯϲɫһڵˣ˵ҩҲһ龫ʯһ޷ӽԴѿɷʯĳһ£
ʯҪȥҩȣԴü
ŶҪʲôѴǾͰˣʯЦЦ
΢Ƭ̣ԴҡͷһЦҲգҲûʲô£һȥĳ˵ãֻ·
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ʲôˣһԲӣڷɳʯ֮¶֮ɫ
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ף㣿ʯ꣬һ
꿴ʯ֮Ҳһ˿â¶˼Цݡ


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ԴӴݹ٣֪кιɣ꿴ϲŭɫƽ˵
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Ҫǣһ޵֮£ԼԼҩ˼ҵĵ̣ºӳȥ
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ǺǣʯѣãԶ΢΢һЦƺûϳʯһ㣬û˿ŭɫ
˷ʯЩ飬ϣһԴ΢Ц
Ŷ޷ʯѣҲʶˣ԰ʯѣԶһ΢Ц˫Ŀ΢е˵
ʯһȻǱ˳ԷûϷʯЦǺǣҸʡ
ʯѣʶԴˡ
Ǻǣʮǰйһ֮ԵʯЦ
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ʯǣǣʯûľˣȻˣôҲҪ֮ģúñϴʯѵ顣Զɫһ
Ŷԭǲн飬ͺðˣʯѣԼ˵ɡԴЦЦ
ˣԴʯôʶģԶ΢Цڹһ㡣
ٺ٣ʯС˭ܲʶڵʯѣһĹͣҲĳѣ԰ʯѣԴӿ˿ʯ
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ŶĹͣԶ鲻üһ˿ײת˲š
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ȻûоʯǴ˷ˣʯĳҲӸˡʯɫ
ŶʯҩСסգαؼһʱҲñ֮ꡣԶϴŨŨ΢Ц
⻰˵ģǻ嵡˹һҪǾ֮꣬ҲǱʯһתתġԴЦЦ
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ңҪᣬֻһ˵ˡԴһ˿ãת˲š
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ȻˣҲʱˣҵȸˡԴҲվ˹֡
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·Դֱӷػʳǣʯһ·Сݸȥ
СƼ´ڣӰУ
ֱǷԪ۷ʯԪ۷ƼסԪ۷峤Ʒ磬ԼԪڵƹֵܡ
ȻԪ۷ĹϹҲڣ콹ոճأҲ׵˷ԪڣֻǹǿȻǷԪڣ
ԪһãҲһˣȻֻ˵߲ѣԪϾȷʵࡣ
ˣĸ߽׸ǲ࣬ҶΪǮƾӪѣ˵ͶսǾ鲻ࡣ
ЩȥԸǵҲԺɨҲ´࣬ԸһǰκһɣҲ޷֡
εȷ٣εӴŵǰģٶ߰ԪڣϻɽɢԻʯˡ
ңĻսǲһɡ
ʯҲϰˣʮ꣬Ȼ˽ʵԶǴǵСɱȡ
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ҪǣԶǷԪԲڣڳӦ˵ã˺ܽܣҲ޷ɱ
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ʯѣżǻ֪кҪ£ۼ˷ɵһ䡣
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ιẠ̊́ɲǳ۾Ӫ֮׬Ǯ㻹ЩƷЦЦ
ٺ٣ǵǡ۵˵ͷ
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İٰʮһ 
Ƽ峤չڣ
ʯɫأһĨչذ֮ãϵҩʯȻ޷ͻƿһɶ˼ûС
򲻴
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ҩ޷ĵҩʯȴԣҩ֮£Ȼߡ
ʯ޴Ļӻҩ˲Уֻܱ۾ȣȵҩǧԺҩ
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飬ܲΪΪֲܵģʯڶⷽ棬ǿúصģĳ̶ֳʦҲѷɫ
΢ĬƬ̣ʯ뿪ң
Сݣĳ侲ڣʯ¡У
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ҩȾҲҪӣڷһ룬֮ȹ̺ƽЭ飬ϣܿٴڷ̷ͻĳʵڲðա¡ڵ
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Ŷʯʲô˼¡Ȼ˫ĿһеЦ
ڷ̵ʵԲʳֲרҵˣҺ޷Ǿҹ˳ıȡһЩѡ
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ҪʯĳóŷԪأʯһ
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ŷԪһͬõһң
ѻǳšʯ΢΢һЦݣǱȽġ
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뾫ʯʯԲҪȻǿϧΣǶֵһˣ
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ʱԼ㹻ʱ䣬ҩѰ䣬ҪҩȷҲҲʯҲֻˡ
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ٺ٣ƷСӰЧʵǲѾһԪ۷壬ԪҩջǲСʯ΢΢һЦ
䲢֪ƼҵСǰֻȦеڷԪСΪģֻΪõóັĵҩ


İٰʮ Ϲش
޷ףʯ뿪ƼңСݼй
һգƷ缱Ҵҵʯ
ôˣ˴æҡ̣ĳ侲ڣʯƷ˶С
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ҪֻţǶ⹫ۣɢ޻һЩԪ֣׷׿Ƽҵ֮ߣΪƼ峤Ʒ磬Ȼúܵ⡣
˵Щ޹ؽҪģ˵˵һжˣʯʵ
ΪֻһţֻһԪ۷壬ҩʵ䣬ʵԽ߸Խࡣ
Ԫ۷壬һԪڣ۷壬һڣڡƷЦǺǵ˵
˵˰ɣʯʵ
ȻǩԼǹҩȣǶ޷ˣϾǾ޴ջ󰡡ƷɫӻҪҩȡ
Ǿͺãô˵õ㵤ҩܿͿܱĹ⣬һҪڱչһЩУһЩʵǿģ۷壬дԲʦɫ
ƷһɫʯѣҪδ̫˰ɣ绹˵Ǻ۷弸ֻҪһȥô۷ˣ
ڴԲڣ³ͻƿǷĵҩûʲôܴǣѾƬ½ǿˡ
ȻҪ˵ҩҪʲôҪⵤҩٲǰ˺ŪһЩҩҲǵ֡
ʯ˵ͷƷ˵ĵЩ۷嵹νԼԶƼǴԲڣʯòʲôջ̫ĵҩ
ҲգЩҩ˰ɣҪдԲˣңԺ̸ֻҪƳĵҩǡʯɫ
ãҾˣ֪ͨ㣬ϴռĸ߼ҩһһЩ綾֮ͶҩԪָˡ
¾ǿ죬ٺ٣ܶҩǰƼҶѴ룡ƷȻ֪綾֮кãҲûʣ˵껰һöָ뿪̡
ʯָڷй˼ȦصƼ峤չ֮أʯŹرգƿ
ȡɢ˵ҩһӣһѶѵҩĶѻҽ䣬ȥͬһСɽ
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ʵҲˣЩҩʯʵڲֵһᣬ߼ҩƷռֻԼǬдֲ
ȡǬ֮ʯȥһȦһṦ򣬾ͿһԶڼΪһѶѸϡеҩѻҵĽ䡣
Ҷҩҩʱʯ߳Ǭ漴
һߣҩ΢΢һΪС۵һ죬һԪףϸȥȻ档
¶֮߾ܱͨȣʱ䣬ƿҲǵӦ֣˲ɹļʡ
һѶҩɽҩʯɫɣʼ˵ҩ

ʱţ
תۼ䣬һʱȥˡ
ڼʯʱؽƺõĵҩ͸Ʒ磬ڸ߼ĵҩӷ࣬Ҳǲ٣Ҳһóš
һ˴ַԪڣǺ۷֮࣬⼸ǿߣҲʮԪǰɢޣ
ԽԽ󣬵ҩ༶ԽԽߣҲעȻڿɲνôˡ
Ǹ壬ǵҩңҩ壬Ҳò̵ˣ赤ֱ׷ҩȣ
һգʯ߼ҩаԪһЩҲһЩȻԼǱо֮£ǴƳĸ߼滯ЧԶ֮ǰɱȡ
ʯ£׼оһж幦ʱƷĴŷ˶ʯֻɨһۣǴʯŽơ
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ֱ߷ŻѪɫһ촽ϣ˫Ŀղ֪ĺϹ֡
ʯѾȾȺǰΪ˾ҲشԸţѩͨһʯһʱûô¡


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ʯѣѩӻû˵꣬ʯִϡ
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ʵ̫ǿּݣѩӵˣ֣׼ɱѩӵʱ򣬺ǰȻ·漴ֻˡ
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ŵҩȥɿЩָơʯѩһŵҩ漴뿪˾ҡ
뿪ƼҴţʯ׼ȥҽ¡߳Ȼɫһͣ˽ŲţӵͷֱӰ
ܹԪ۷壬˽ʯסʯ˻ƸݾصƸҲԵֵ
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ݣʵûʲôɽŵˡ
ʯѣԲڣʮԪǻˣҲҪӣҩȿ϶⣬ҲʮԪˡ콹˵꣬˹һЦ
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ˣʱϹܼһŻŵ˽һѪɫûУҩҩҩҩȼʮԪڣдԲˣѾƼҰΧˣ
һڳ˵ɫ䣬ʯڣҲһԲʲôοʮķԪҩ˶ˣȻļҵףвһɾ̫Сҩˣ


İٰʮ ҩ
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ʯüһֱæûϵڷ̽¡ҲûԼϣˣ˲ͻᱻû
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ߣϷǳҩȵĶ飬Ϊ˺ô㣬Ǳҩȣʯ˵ҿʯȥԸԶ飬ֻΪѵľ֮
ȻӦĺôҪóġ׷˵дʣҲ֪Ϊ˱Ķ飬ΪʯбҩȸߵĴô


İٰʮ ٽ
ʯó˫ôҲԸά壬Ѱҩ䡣׳󺺸
ߣ޷Ϊʯеĺôα˵ĹûʣԶȹ£Ҳͬۡһ߿ڵͦԶ顣
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ҩһһԲѾ֧ʯ֧ҩȣһҲŰ׷߿߷ֳӪ
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ʯѸĺô࣬Ȼ֧ʯѣúôǾ֧㡣
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ֻڳԱɾͲͬˣʮԪʮ֧ʯʮ֧ҩȣԲҲ֧ʯĶ顣
ϾһԲοƼӪĶʮˣӵһԲʮԪһ˾ݡ
ϷԵһĻˣ˫ݸı䣬ܿЩ˵꣬ҩһûκεĻأһɫ֪Ǵˡ
ǺǣΪ֤ʯ˵Ǽ٣óĵҩ֤ǲѴڹ㵤ǲһȥҩȡ֧ʯĶԲ׳󺺿ڵ
ߣҪúôֱ˵ǣھʯһɺԣó˵ҩ㣬㻹֧ҩһһ֧ҩȵĴԲЦ
ҾΪ˺ôôҪòƾʲô׳ɫЩΡ
ˣҲҪԲѣÿΪĵѣÿ˸һŷԪ꣬һٸһͣȻȰЩ֧ҩȵ˸ߣʾҵĳɣʯ΢΢һЦ
ã׷һԼߣǳ֣Ϊ˱˺Լߵĺá
ߣ壡һ˦֪£һŭԶߣֻʮ֧ʯߡ
ʯѣΣ׷Ц
ãзݣҲҪ꣬ʯĳŵǣѡҪʲôҩλԲĵѣʯĳǲʯ˵Żһ˦ŷԪ㼸ʮŷ˳ȥ
һƬȻǿ˵ģֵı˶ԼȻºкô˲μԹԵĽԼҩպãûȥ˵ġ
ʯѹȻôֱʣһóЩԪҩȶѡ׷⵽
ʯѣЩ׵㣬µҩȣԶŵߵĴۣʱԶԸǡ۱ϾϽʯСһ䡣
ʯü²û˼ڵλԶܻǿͷ֧Ʊҷģ۵ʱԶ˵Ƕٺôʯĳŵ˫ǡ
˭Ҫ󵹸꣬ϣֽʯĳʹˣܽʱ귴ֻ֮еĵѣʯĳʯɫ
ʲô׷˫ĿһĿȥϣҵһ׼ʯˡ
ҲһʯһпνǷǳڳٲ֮£˭³ΪӺôĵʯ
ģҲұ¶±ȺŹ
ǲͬ⣡ߣ
ʱƼӪƷԭЩˣһ۷ɫãǱƷûǾô׵õԪǲ̫Կˣ֮ǰЩˣõĵҩɱȲǡ
ģ˼ˣʯĳǲϾǣֻҪʯĳҾԲǣ¸ǣʯĳԱҩǿҩԴҲҩȿɱȵġ
ֻҲԱˣҲҪòҩȻڴѾ룬ղײգھǰҩȣ³֮ԷַҩʯΪ˴˹ǣٵ˵
ȫͷͬ⣬ʯ΢΢һЦʱ򣬻ҪͷλԲѣϹ׵ѣֲסԶ飬ɱֻס
û⣬ʵǿϷˣҲԶԸˡ׷Ц
Ϊ˰ȫٵɳʮ۷壬ǶԸԶ飬óöһЩ߼һжʹãʱһͻϹ߰ɣ·ҷǣٽϸսԣʯźƺƵĶ飬ҩȽˡ
ǰʯǸȥϢ˸ո뿪Сݣڷ˱׷һԲ۷壡
ʯûиǰ
ʮպҩȸԶԶͣƵɽȣʯȻӴݣҲұ֤ȫʤΪҩȵļҵףڳκ˶ûס
ʯ˿׷ߣڵ׵ѣԺЩˣ죬Ƶ۵ѣ֮ǰĶ飬ˣֻҪסҾͿˡʯ˿ڷˡ
ͷʯ˰֣ƺƵʮ˵Ķ飬ҩȳ˹ȥ·ɱڣ·޾ɢ

ͬһʱ䣬ʳǣʹڣ
һĿ࣬òϣŽɫ۵ӣڽɫ֮ϣ·վһӰԴӣ
ʣʯϾ֮ˣȥҩȣѵӲĻܿҩȣԺǵĵҩ˭ƣԴЩ⡣
ٺ٣Ǹʯĵƺҩȣһ𣿡۵ӣһž꣬ûԴһۣƺԴ˵飬һ㶼û⡣
ˣʡУ
ʣʯ֮ˣҪһߣô죿ԴӼ
ȻԹԵĿŹž΢΢Цٺ٣ҪΪҩô׾ͱǾ̫ˡ
ʯǵҲãҩȲһ嵱£ԶϹģߣҩĲмٳҲ٣ԣԴ˫Ŀһ


İٰʮ߻ Ϊ
ҩȣɽǰ
ʮԪգһϼںȥ
棬ۣԼ׷ߴԲټϺڷ̵һԲԲڣޱĿһС
ʯȻûг֣ǿӴݣҲɵпԼǰʵǾ֮ܡ
ԭΪڳΪڣ͹֮УҲǶʵˣ⼸Ӵ֮£ʯŷԼˡ
д֮࣬ڷԪڣʤдԲҲټ
ȳ棬ڴģ´˼ҵ֮һԪҲ˼ҵ֮һ֮һ
Ҫʯҹζܿѣۼ˶ˣҩȵģʯĶ飬ʱ̽ǡ
ڣҲԶеõһЩʯɫȻĿ˷һṦҩɽſڱǱơ
״ʯԲ׵壬ҩڳ˽ȥ
ΪжʯǷ˺ܴ˼չҩϵĵҩԼʯЩΪλԼ
ϵ˻һ죬ʦȻµĵˣʯ粻ǵʦֻżȻõЩҩǿ̼ͻᱻ˺Ƭ
ΪɱʯҿҩϾǵʦԺ޷ҪǵʦͲͬˣ˵ﲻ𣬶ң˵Ժʲôʱ򻹻õ
ĻҲÿҵĵŶˡ
˼֮䣬ʯ˺ƺƵĳҩȣܰƣʮԪƵû𵽴͵á
ʯҩӴޱȣ뵤Щƣܵ棬ɽȣһȻҩ԰ض黨ݣ硣
Ȼ·ЩƣʮԪϹֻҪ֣׽ǿг˺ѣȴԶҩȥ
Զҩʮ˿ﾹҲͷܶȥв˼ʯ˸ϵʱ򣬲ŷֶԷȻǷԪ
ʮԪҩǰʯǰЩˣкߴǻˣ֮ǰƼҳ˵Щˣû뵽һûٵĶҩ
Զ黹ǽ²˵ģȻҪֻʮˣ޷ֵʯ˵Ĳġ
ϣּˡ׷߿˿ߣ΢Ц
ߣļһǻһм
ϣԲӣǾǰҩȣҲͼһΪǶΪ棬Ǻ㲻һǲǷҩȵģûǸ㲻壡׷ߵ
৵һ
Ȼ䣬ʮ֮ϣһϼγһ֣ǶʮԪȻһ̵ķ
ˣ׷߿˿󣬸оƿ϶ҪЩЩ˶棬ִֻܱ򲻵Է
üϹ벻㾹Ȼ󵹸ꡣȻ䣬һڷɳһӰ׳˶Ƥ̺ڣƷһĹ⡣
ˣԶ飡
ҩȶûֻ紫ԣҩȻõһŵĵҩֻ˳·ʹҴո׼Ƽҡ
ʯ˫ŵɵǺǵȥҩȣӦÿǵģû˻Լĺô̫ࡣ׷΢Ц
ŶǿõôɱƭˡԶЦЦ
Ϸ꺢ͯɣҩȵۿͣҿȰº쵤ҩĸôûõôô׷΢Ц
ʲôѵǶõԪԶЩţ漴Ŀʯϣϸá
㾹Ȼõó˶ԪԶ⣬ʯôϣ
ҩȼҲҩΪЩҩûǧ˰죬ѲʯôδҩԶЩɲ
˼Ƭ̣ԶоâһԪ˵Īҽʢϣ
ûʲôϵˣ䡣ʯɫ
һɺԣ֪ʲô䣿ߣȻҩȣǾһҪˣԶһ
Щдˣڳ˶Ԫڣ㾹ҿڳԣߣ׷߼Ц
ǲǴ꣬ſ֪ˣٺ٣֣Զ黰һ䣬ֻ֮һ
ۡ
ɫĹϼڰаɫһƬɲǼ䣬Ƭҩȶ˸ɫʱڣЩҩգۼή
ȡһҽţ½ߴӸ߿׹£źд˵Ŀ־
ãǶҿ쿪⣡׷һǳһɲǼ䣬ʮԪڣֻʣ֮һҡ
ʮԪ׹䵽˵棬촽ࡣ
ȻԪ˳ҩһǰһӰЩŵ˵
´αô׳յ𣿻Ըõ͵ȶͬӣԸԪȻ֡
ڶԸԪĶǿǷԪʩչҶǸ߼Ķ˼ר޶ķԪڣΪҼң
⵹Ҳǡ
Ⱥ۷׷ףһɵĿʯˣҩȵ˲óʮˣ¾ӽʯ˳׼
ζֵĻᶼûУҩһʤˡ
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ٺ٣λҪװˣ˵ҩϿսɣҩѾǴˣǻʲôʯЦһ
Ȼ䣬ֻеһƺڿʲô
еĵһһöҩУʱʯһԭжˣȻĳգһ¶Ϸ֮ɫԶ˰Χ
ʯͲµд˶þ˰ɣ׷߿˿ΧˣϴųЦݡ
㾹Ȼ֪ûҽʢ֣Ҳõʦֲ洫Ƶɫ֮Զɫص˵
Զʵû뵽ʯȻ׼ƽⶾĵҩһ˶
Ҳ֤ǶޣʦԶ飬˵䣬˵ʯĳһʯɫһԶˣ



İٰʮ˻ Ѫɺ
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ҪϻˣҲգȻˣʯĳҩ˵ٶ֣ʯ˵껰һ񣬴źڷ̼Զȥ
˷׷׶֣мĺߵ˷𹥻
һ﹦ϼĴȥ
أ
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ȥǰ취Ǹֵס㻹ʲô취һߵֿһȵ
Զ鿴˿ʮӰʵЩ⣬û뵽ʯ˽թȻװжԼذΧ
ȻԼܳĳȥˡ
𼱣ĳа취ԵֵƬ̣ԶһλһӰӶŰΧȦĳȥ
÷ԪԲʵ⿿һЩԪڻǺסģȻ׷ߵ˿û˿ĺԶΧӣ˲׷ȥ
һ׷ԶˣԪԲԼۣԲǿߣʮԪ۷塣
ӳΧȦãԶǱǿ׷
ݣԶҲ۽һ׷֮ʱֻԶȻתĳơ
ಡ
һööѼķ뼤籩ǵأʮϯȥ˲ɫһ䣬æ⡣
Щ˻һ˶ķǿ϶㲻⻹δǱƤֱӱ봩͸
ڷԪ˵һöϸСķ뻹־ҵĶԣȴÿһƤȻȿʼٴν֮ҪҵĶࡣ
ǱƤˣ̼һ̲ҧʯ׼õĵҩ˲俪ʼ⡣
Ȼûдﵽҩⶾı̬ٶȣǶԲɢҿϺҲ𽥼ˡ
Զ鿴˵ķӦüͷһ壺Ȼ籩ĶԶܽҽʢҲƳ˾жҩĪлжʢ䣿
ಣܿģ˽Զסһ⿪Ȼνⶾ飬Ҳ̫ԶĶ
Ȼһû˶ֻʣս£ºԲһʮ۷ļһ
ԶҲüʵûϵʯĵﵽ̶ֳȣȻƵԼĶһɾҪ١
ȻмֶԶʯûƽ⣬ٿǰƵĶҩû취ʱýҩ
Ǽֶʩչз֮£ºѵ֣Զаޣ˫ĿĿ˿ʯ˷ǵ͹˴ӣ
ŻӲͲһŭ֮£ǸϾɱʯϾ֮ˡԶ̽ʵ
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״׷ߵ˸Ҫȥ׷Ȼ䣬ֻԶǰһģһƬƬϼ˸֮䣬ܿռŤ
׷ߵ˾ŬҲ岻Զǰƺһֿռ֮߸
ڰ׷ߵ취֮ʱֻԶ鵥һкȻһö漴ԥ鿪
ۣ
أ
ͬһʱ䣬ҩȽȺԶΧߵʮ·Ȼӵӿһ
񱩵ѹȻɢ䱬ѶһŴĿֲֶϯȥֻʣ֮
ɫĹһ嵽ȺըѿΪɫ籩һööϸС룬ͿĨ綾
ټԭĽ֮ޱȣûо綾룬౻ƹеͨԪҲ屬Ѷ궼ûüӳǱ˿񱩵֮С
ϣ֧ͣʯһΧʮ˱ߴĶʮԪҲűҵľС
ܴһƬڶԽԽĽƹϰգɵȺ֮ըѿ浱һңֲңҵĶ
ܿģʮ˽˱֮ķǣջɢɫ뻮Ƥûʲô⣬̷ֻʯ׼õĵҩǰȻ
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һʯһ֧ҩȵĺߵˣǱڴ֮ڣƾĹϿջ򲻶Ϻȴ޿ӣ޿ɱܡ
˵ˣжж֮ɫĴҴܣеŵ׹ȥѪɺӣҲ̶ã漫ѪỴ̄
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ΪʲôΪʲô˫ĿͨĺʵԼȻƴС
Բסˣ˷ʵ̫ǿһ˷ǻծɣҲ˼꣡Զޱ˵
쳤Х϶ԽԽأ϶ԽԽŨ˫ĿĿԶ飬дŨŨĲʧȴû˿ǰĿ־塣
ԲϷһǻˣȿȡɫڣ̣·׹ȥ
ѣ˿ɲҪж֮ˣϿұҪҩȻ䣬һЦ
ʯԶһѽסߣҩ߿Уĸо˴ҵԸ
ˣҲһ߶֮һ߽ӽʯҪⶾ˻ƴغй֣ϣܸϿӳ
֣ʯһȻ䣬ԶһЦİ˰֡
ৣ
ҩȻʮķԪȻԲڣ˵ĴŴ磬ЩҩԼĵ
Բ֮£ܿ콫ǱĴ֮˰Χĳֹҷֳһ־׷ߵҲ
ˢһ£һ㵭Ĺ֣׷ߵ˳װΧʼԶҲûô֣˫ֵգ˫Ŀ΢УޱĿһУϲй


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ܿģ˶õʯŵĽⶾҩȻûжб޻ҲǷ׷ʯǰҪһš
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յ֮лһûԵҵƴͷѪҩΪ˾ͿԵõ޴棬ͷΪΪʳ³
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ȻⲢûʯһԶԲԼʮԪ۷壬Ҳֻʣ˰ˣʣ¶һһˣ
Щƽ磬۰һǿߣڴԲ£ǲ󣬵֮¸ûл֮ǾĲ࣬Ҳ˶״ԲĶ
Բؼ乫ϵĶǿߣнΪϣȻһЩԽսм
⼸۷壬ڴԲΪԶǰֱ磬սһΣ۶ԶʩչһЩĹֶΣҲܽ۷ɱ
ȻԷڶ࣬ǽش֮¶һ鱦ҲܽǱشĵͽ׻ɱһֶΣ߻һֶΣŵͽشֿ֮ʱʩչһЩܽ۷С
ȻֶαжҲɽͽ׻ɱڶֻһֶζѣⲢڷԪǰ޵ˣΪκһֶΣͬ
СĻߴ⣬ʵϵĲ࣬ʵӣͿ˽ļ򵥵߾ţǼ⣬ӲǸоԪʹöѾ޵ˡ
߽ԼƾĶΪǵƶϲ²⣬߽࣬ԼƭˣΪԼ뷨ࡣ
Լͽ׵۹⿴Ϲ뷨ֻҪԼ뷨ͬͻɻ²⣬˿ڼ㣬յÿһ˵ȷ˼򣬻δ֪ˣ
ΪΪΪԼĺһ£ڱǷɵӣ
߸سʦԺ£ʦǰϹżɻȱĶѣ³ｨҲҪʦ
ʦԦŰͬףʦɳͬ׶ֲȡʤһпͽףʩչǿɱһƬͽף޵֮ͬԶܲԼĶãʹòóĶ޶֮ˣ
ܲҵǣԶóĶʯƣʧȥƵԶ飬ҲüͷƾսܶԸԲ
ʵĴڿԶǰʩչԷ˼ڡ
׵ѣ۵ѣǻ֧ԮҩȻԲڣЩͽײǶ֡ʯɫ
ʯѣĪ㽫ĳˣȻЩƣĳûߺȻ˵
Զ鲻ҵǰǷҲ㻹ˣϹһ֧ǣһԲڵ
ҩȻʯһԲ½ʮˣʯһڷ̣ԲԸҩԲҲǲ·硣
ʣ˰׷ߴԲֻа۷帨ԸԶ鵹Ҳʮ㣬֮ǰһֱƸʹϣû֡
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λҩȣֻסǣʯĳȥѰҩǰ˵Żʯ˰֣ڷԲˣʯ˹ȥ
ߣΪҩʲôطԶɫһ׼׷ˣԶ᣿̼ǽס
ףϺߵԲʮˣҩһɳϵ˶վһ𣬳ڴ˻
ֻ˫ƺʵ൱ʱԷֳʤ
ʱʯڷˣƹȺһ·СһƬӴļɽڷ̵˸ҪǰУʯæ
ȵȣ˵ƺ޵ĽƲҪļʯ˫Ŀһ˲ģ֪ȫת֮£о˼ɽǰЩԡ

ͬһʱ䣬ҩ֮ĳ
һɫ׵Ӱվһǰ²̽ҩƺ¶ǷԳˣ
Ŷ¶㼱ʲôȵ˵ǲҷģǳԵͷһаһöʯһνӣˣԴӣ



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ߣɷʲô쳣
ʯ˵нƲһڷ̺۷֮ɻʵԲ߶û֣ʯ۷ܿʲô
żɽ·ĶڣںģʲôҲҲ֪ͨʲôط
ŶĳûзʲôȻʯѷֽƲǾСһЩֲڷ̴ԲߵȻ
ʯΧżɽһᣬ°ͣ˫Ŀ΢е˼
ʯʹ֪Ҳֻܸоһ˿޵Ĳմ˵صĵεòԼܲã޵Ĳܿ뵽һֿܣ
ǬŻ󣿡ʯɲ
˵죬ڻ֮һ֣䷱һ֮ҲȫӦλڣǸоʲô
һ㽫ϣǲ󷨵ʦҲҪֻͼֽ˶ʲôԼ֮С
ˣǾ͸緢ʲô˿ˡ
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ٺ٣ʯĪǵݣڻһ࣬ĳЩ˽⣬ǬŻǧѪǱ̳õֶΡ΢΢һЦ˵
ǧѪ󣿡ʯһǵԼһνӴڷ̣ͱʩչסֻϧ̫֮
ʯҲ֪ǧѪ󣿲ĳǺ棬ǬŻϤ˵ƽⲻѣѾ޷ֲ֣֮Ҳ˿о
УǸҲ޷԰ΣԷԼ֮У֮ƽЩˡɻ
Ŷʯĳڴһ˿ӦȻʯĳҲұ֤һǬŻϤһ¡ʯ˵
ǺǣƽⲻѣҪʯָλãĳûֱ·ֲ΢΢һЦʯȴЩ
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ߣǰɽ£ˮֱ桭ʯԼֵȫһ飬ϸ
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ٺ٣Ȼ֪ǬŻλãϷԼƽ⣬λԵȣߵһϰֻС켤
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һһֻֻСûɽܵ棬̧һ㣬һĻˣȻһҫ۵İɫ
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ŻڼɽԽԽ࣬ɽܳ޶ףһ㣬ɽȫò
ƣһȣԶһ֮£ԭǧٿ׵ļɽȻһһƬƬ걬ѶɽҲǺȻһѿ
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̳۷壬һԲڣΧһɫϥ̳ʯ׷׽һεעмǿŹ֮ϣƺάŹӣ䲻ɢ
ǴԲڲٿһɫԲ̣ƣڷڽɫ֮ϣԲϷһŽֲϡ
ֲϣĻΪҺ壬ںɫԲ֮ϣȻԲ̻һʲôİƷںڵļУֲϳ׻ΪҺ壬ںϽԲڲɡ
ÿҺһЩԲ̵Щųһ΢ĺâһֹĲ͸˽ɫ֮ڡ
ǽɫ֮УģģһӰǺɫԲɢɫ쳣ʹ࣬ڼֿš
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ʯɫһԣǾʯʯĳ
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ʩ֮£ӰƺֹͣҲһûһĵ̱˵棬ȻŹ򿴲УʯЩԤС
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˾̫СʯֲʩչܹƵ¼߽Ԫܿһ
ವһ
ŵɫһնȥûϱǹһ㺮˪ʯǼƣº̫˵ˣصһն˹֮ϣ



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ʲôɱҩ֣ʯɫһѵˣ
۵һ
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ʯѣֻҪȥҩ´ڶʦֵܳϵԶһ̨ģ¶־ϷĻԳƶ־ҩȴԲڵ
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޷Ҵ˲ˣӦ㹻ԶԿҪǵҩȣЩ˿¶ܽҩȻٵʯɫ
ʲôôˣ˫ĿһĪǣƷԪˣ
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ôˣĪȥ˵壿ҩļһ𣬿ҲƳ൤ҩɣ
Ȼȥ塣ʯ΢΢һЦ
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Ϊ̫أԴѷҲȥ幺ϣҲгϷģҵһ۵ҩ
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ʦ֣ʮǰǸ֪డһǴʮ⾰ʱ䣬ʦ֣һȥǰɣ˷һҪԶʦֻɱΪʦ𱨳ѩޣ־ɫһ˵
ãӦһʯսŷȥ־ߵǸȥ߶ЩʧΪɻ̻Ǿʯ־ȴû˶ֵĽڣ



İپʮ 
ҩȣȺǰ
ۣϺߵԲʮսҩȴԲϣԼʮͨԪ
Ȼһϵƣ֮ǰĲСҲͱҩǿһߣ˭Ҳ޷κε˭ս伤ҡ
׷Բ۷ΧԶ飬սЩͬˣ
֮ǰ˻ɵԶĶϵõ۷Զ̹ԲĴΧסԶ鹥ѡ
һԶں˵ͽף׼ȫֻĳԲҲἱæֹԶƣӦǱ
¶ԶȻûʲôɫֻǲʱüżɨһҩ֮⡣
ѲɻĿҩȱ𣿺ߣԺҩȰ£Ҫǵϸ£һԴСʱ䱨Ϸ򡣡Զı˵ƺϵ岻֮
Ȼ⻹ǰ׷ߵ˲ûֵԵʣϾûޣʯǽ˷ֻҪסҩȵ˾Ϳԡ
ԶȻҲûжʲôѹֻͨǱҲû̫Σա
ĪҪǽǵ˰ְɣȻԽԽ󡣡׷һ߶֣һ߹Ц
ϣԶǵûа֣Ȼ¶ɫȫƴһսҲҪ֣Ǹϳȥ
ԣҩһ׷սⰻȻʹ˻۵˶սԽңֱ
ԶҲʩչ˼δͨ߶սԽԽңҩζʮ㣬ð׷һ£Զ鷢ô衣
ʱԶڴһŽǣţѹѹȺҩ֮˽ȻһɫɫףΪǷԪڡ
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ߣԴڳˣսңˣ㻹óɣԶ
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ϣ˵ģǽӵҩҩȷսҵϢͼæ·϶а㵢飬ԩˡԴ˿ûǸ⣬ϸǼЦ
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Ҫɱȥһ㿴ʱ䣿Դһ¶һ޵Цݡ
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ҩǰôˣѵıԴӱϾǹٳˣ˵һ룬˽֮£ͣ
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ԴȻҲöܣæԸ׻·ҩ˷׷׷˳ȥֻʵЩˣԶʵͻȻ֮ǿ߹Զ˭ס



İپʮ ɱ
ôˣǿϧƷ졣
û취ھǶҲ׷ˣѾҩڲˡҡҡͷ
ʯһԲҩȳȥ
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ȶĶ־ˣǺڸϵҩȴԶԶ˦˺棬ۼ׷ˡ
ߣ˺ܲˣʯһ˵һ㶵Ļ
صһ
Ȼ䣬ֻԶҩȳһʧ漴ɶأƺʲôײһ㣬䲻һ뽹֮ɫ
Զһ£Դ׷ߵˣҲɻ׷ԶĶ־˲ɵöݹⶼ΢˶١
ʱҩȳڳɫӰߴڷ֮ˣʵվȳãʯǽ˰˳ڣԶϺӡ
Զɹ˲ǰ˶࣬æһӣһƬϯżźڷ˿ȥԼű塣
Ȼ˾ټ񣬵ȻҲƲ磬ͲܶӰ죬Լ﹦һȵסԶĹ
صһ졣
һҵײУԶһαˣߵ˾ȻҲɫһףȻȻ˶࣬ȻҲǿֿӣ֪Զ﾿жǿ
εĵ飬ȶ־׷˵ҩȳڣڷֵ̼סԶĳ·
Զ鷢ڶֳʮҩȵҲ׷ȵؽԶΧס
ٺ٣ʯ׼Դ΢Ц
˽ƻһ˷»ˣôԴӼȻˣ׼һʯЦʵ
ԴЦѣȻҩȵɱȻԽԽãҲٶԻ塣
Ǻǣҩڲ飬Ҳò֡ԴЦҴ˷ֹֻ˫ͣսġ
ŶϷڳλӢƳ֣һΧͽԴӲɣڵ
ҩǰ˵Цˣҩȵļ£ҲʣֻҪҩս㲻֡Դɫһı
ʯ΢΢һЦȻˣλͲصʲôˣһǰȥҩ֮ˣԶаɣƷ磬Щⶾȥ͸ҩȵˡ
˵Żʯ׸ƷһöԪָ߽ӹԺ󣬱ųڷȥ׷ߵʯڣټԴӲٲ֣֮£Ҳٴγȥ
һʮԪʮԪԲΧסԶ飬Զͨ챾죬ģҲܲס˵Ĺ
˳֣Զһߺȣʦ֣Ŀţ
һŭ⣺ܰҩȻɱʦ֮Ӣۣһ˵ʦǲ๼
ɲʲôСױжȻĴҲ֪Զϡ
ʮԪʮԲ׷֣ȻûжʲôͨǼĳһ˶Ŀֲһܹ֮赲ģ
ϼ˸׷м䱻ΧԶ飬˫Ŀͨ죬һ֮ɫ׿ʮöΪֻסԼ
ţһֿͨ޾ɽ϶Ʊ׷׵ͷԼܡ
¡¡
ͣԶʹ˳̵þһ֣ȻĹ֮Ѷ
һƣǺԶɲѣԶ黤ѹͨʩչǿֵס˵һֹҲǿѪɫ԰ף΢΢
׳ĴսչˣƾԶֻǼ򵥵ֹԶʬ޴棬˺ûʣ¡
Ĵϼɢ־ԶƷƺƵĶǷ˻Ҫ췴ǻԴҲҪͷƤ顣
ҩȵУЩ˶ԶĿ˵ȻЩԶĸ¡
Ҫǿڻ֣ԼʯڶڳҩЩ˶Ȼֳϵһ֧һ֧Զ顣
ھԵʵǰЩ˴ѡ˱죬ʿʮĶͽлʯڳҲ˫֧֡
⣬ǾʵȨ̤κεɷƸߵ㣡
˼ˣּȻ֣ԶҲ𶯲СԴ˼򵥽̸һǼҴҷظ
ȴ£ԪҪһʱԻ㱨ʵġ
ڰ׷ߵ˵ı꣬ʯȷʵûôĵҩˣȻЩ˵ҲûҪ֮ǰܵشˣҩȶ־ڳϵӣ׷ƵҩΡ
һ˶ҩȺøбʯƷ罫ڳ£ʯƺõҩϡ
аҷԵģ׷ʯһǸȥСյĹҩȱսɢ
ȻƼˣԼڷ̵ˣҲһʯ˻ȥ
ҩڣʯ־ԼһߣһС
ʯڶ־Ϥ߲죬ֻ֪ҩһϣŷ־Զֱߣʦ壬ҩҲŲС
꣬δϣҲʦܣӣ
ʦֻع̫ˣȻͽѾУʦ־˳µĳΪˡϲӸ˵ȻǴ֧
Щסŷ־Զü
Ŷŷкμ⣿ѵҩȣбȴʦָʵѡ־˫ĿһС
ʯһƽĺŲ裬˵Įĵӡ
ʵնɱԶ飬Щ嶯ˣӦýסȻһԶȴ˵֪ˣƾвŷŷ־Զڵ
ŷǲ־ŷ־ԶʵҪҩΨһһϹŶ֮˱ָߣ¶־ͷˡ
Һͱ˵ԶҲҴŷ־Զٴٺ֮ɫ
ǺǣŷϺαضŭ־ʦԣҲʵģѵҲȻһЦ
ߣʵΣϷǱ۵㡣ŷ־Զߵ
ˣȱˣȻŷ뷨ǴԺ˵ϷشʱҲûʱ֮£Ȼû˹һждάֹɡȻڵ
Ŷô˼ԼΪ˹ҪչطԸһδֲԸŷ־Զڵ
Īŷ϶ԶڻԶһ뷨Ǳʯĳɱʲô⣬ʯĳʯҲЩͲס²豭˵˵һ䡣


İپʮĻ ķΧ
˾ҩָֻţֻҪϷһ仰Ųҩȶ߲ȥŷ־ԶʯĻ·΢ŭ֮ɫ
ŶŷϲǽԼɷˣ˶ڳֵõָֻţԸʯĳߣҲҪһԼҿڣ̫ʯԵ˵
СӣϷǰڳԣˣŷ־Զһ£ȻڳӰһԲ۷塣
ҪʲôҩȵĿڴˣ˭Ǵģȵ
ԣһɫҲ֪˭ĺá
ˣҶҪڧˣȻŷϸоĳλǾͰҩȵϹأʸλ֮ˣȸ£ʤ߼λ̾Ϣ
ã¾ôˣºеڴ䣬ǣŷ־Զ˰֣ǼӰǸ˳ȥǰŷ־ԶصĿʯһۡ
Ȼʯȴûϣ
ʯѼЦˡӴϿЦ
Ͽˣһ޾ңҩȺףΪϵеӺǲӳҪСӦһЩʯɫ
лʯѣˣ˷Ҫлʯ֣ȳ˴ʦ֡ӹֵ
ǰҪʯһĳƾͳǧˣ־ҡͷЦ
λˣж쾭顣ʯҡͷһЦ
ߣҿŷϣԾǰ֧Զϵڲѣ϶ϣҲϺꡣ
ɱԶʱⱻȥںȻվ»в֧־ŭ
û취ŷϱָߣǲǿֻǴʦˣºĵڴ䡭Щǵü
ʯĳҩȵҩƵҩˣ֪㲻ƻأʯʵ
Ȼ㣬ʯҪʲôܿڣҸ泤ԲɼȻϽ㣬ȡսʦϵκãⵤڴȡʤӴϿڵ
ͲӴˡʯ΢ЦԼҽʢ䣬ƣֻҪҩ㹻ʯָ
˵껰ʯӳһöʯ¼ԼҪĲϣ󱻲ӴϽ˹ȥ
ˣ־ѣҼһ龫ʯ֪ɷ۸ʯĳʯɫ
Ŷںɻ̵ľʯֻʣһСˣʯѾ˴ʦ֣ҪҪ͸ǡ־ˬһЦ
ɣ֧ǧ񣡡ʯ׳һöԪָ
ǧ򣿡־΢΢һ㶣˵ҩɲ̫ȱ񣬵ǧҲһСĿ
ǲʯĳټһЩʯæԼˣǾ;Բܴ龫ʯˡ
ʯˣ龫ʯǣͲҪˡ־Ҳˬ죬׳ʯһʯװǧԪָһ𻹸ʯ
⡭ʯҪڣǱӴϴϡ
Ǻǣ־ʦΪˬʣϲύѣʯѾͱپܾˣ˴ʦ֣һ龫ʯΪӴҲЦЦ
£ʯֻȫʼգûôڣ˵˫Ŀʹʱ¶˼֮ɫ
Ȼ˵Ҳû̫ᣬϾˣ˵Щ洦ġ
ˣҾͰʯѵסɣʦ־סԭλðɣһֱŵġӿڵ
ãʦˣСŷ־Զʦ壡ɫɫһĵ˵ͷʯ˼䣬ȥ
룬ʯѣһƣʯӣһǰѡһңȻ󣬵ܸɾࡣ
ʯѾίգҰҩ룬Ҫ鷳ʯѳˣĵ˺ܿͻ֪ˣԲĳǷġϿڵ
ӵˡʯ΢΢һЦоΪǫԸ񲻴ҩ֧ŷ־ԶҲ̫öֻ˵ʲô
ʯصҶϢ
һҩը˹ڴνҩʢᣬ˷гҲȷһʵ
˷ʢᣬΪŷ־Զ׼ģ˵̨Ϊҩȣֻ˵ߣ붼롣
֣ܶͿϹ֮λӴԴӴҩȱңΨҶԣ˭뾡κΰ취ܶ֡
˴ŷ־Զһϵ׼ٴش޷ʱָμʢᣬȻҩĿ֮£˭Ҳֻǵҥ԰ˡ
ȻҲһִԣǾͬˣɱԶҪıȡ֮λЩ˲ɣһһֱ˷ˣһ
ҩڲȻһЩı䣬Щڰ֧ŷ־ԶϵҪɵ֧ˣγɵŷ־Զ
ȻҲֻˣϾͬţ취Էûﵽͬеĵز
飬ʯ֪аžʯȴûвж幦üͷ壬һ˼֮ɫ
ҩȰЧ֮˻ûչҩ
ʯҡҡͷ˫Ŀ΢еĵΧԶ飬ľɱȷʵЩˣ罫֮󣬵һ˶ŷ
ڻŷ־ԶϵԴǣʯЩԣ˵ǸоҪ鷢ԶˣʱҲûô򵥽
ҲգʵһܹǸŷ־Զʱع֮λ뿪ʱعˡʯ̾һ
ʱúܿ죬ѾʮĹ⾰ͼ뾫ʯѾ룬ʯ׼ش
ʱж幦ϣȥǶϻܵؿⱻ˽ȵǣڴ˵µ̣ʯǲ̫ں
Ƽ֧ţϺڷ̰û˸ȥңȻʯ¸ǡ
֨һʯ˼֮䣬ű򿪡
ҹ֮У¹뷿Уһ֮ɫ
ôˣһᾡƺõҩġʯڷˣȻԼ¶ɻ
ʯߣ뿪ҩȣֱ˵˵
뿪ΪΣƻûãҩһûõʯü
Ҫʣ뿪ǡûж˵ʲôתߣʯȻʣæϢɻѵ뿪˾ҡ
һ·С·˺üڰڣշת֮£һ·оյԶ˽Ⱥ
ǰƬ̺󣬸ûֵ֮ˣںڰ֮пǰУò˶ãͿԸϵڣʱ㱻ֻ֣Ҫʯǿг֣ҲԴȥ
ֻʯЩʵЩң
ڰУʯҩȳڳǱУҪӽʱͻ
ôˣٺ٣Ȼ䣬һɫӰǰŷ־ԶϣһЦĿʯյѹ


İپʮ ˳
ߣٺ٣Ϸֻ֣ҪẰһҩȵ˶ǣһ֮ںϢɱҡŷ־Զһ
һشĴԲһ۷ʵں޾ɫȲ˵ûб»ɱԼУҲԴﲻһ֮ڱɱ
ʵҲȷˣʯüͷСһǲ뱻κ˷֡
ŷҪ׼ɱ֣ȫδĵλ𣿡ʯ˫ĿһüͷһԲ
ŷ־Զһ˼֮ɫ漴ȻЦ
ǹҧˣɱǣϷԳ֣ߣŷ־Զ˵ĪĻȻóǰ·
һĻʯ⣬ҲЩ˾ɲĿŷ־Զ
ߣкһʯ뿪
һṦ򣬾͵˽ӽҩȳڴʯȻּ²ʡȥ룬һ·˳ĴҩȣֱСݷȥ
ɽڣŷ־Զգ
ٺ٣һߣ鷳ĿʼҶߣŷ־ԶһһмĿ˿ĳƮȻȥ
һṦŷ־ԶķһӰںڰֶǲӴϡ
Ȼûгأ˫ĿһУ˿ʯʧķɻĿ˿ŷ־ԶʧıӰƺ˿

ҩսһ£ܿ쾪
ϢķзذϢҩȵĹԶ˺ɱҩ
ҩսңûʲôˣЩ֧ʯҲûģֻʼ֧ԶЩ˵˲١
ϵԪµߣ˵˴£ڵͽ׻˽̫࣬һЦ֮ˡ
ǶڷԪϹ˵һܺҩȵˣҲɴǸ˵֣ʯ
ʯó˱ҩȸ߽׸ĵҩ¿ʮ̣ϵǴ˷ҩȣ˾ȻޱȵĺڷӰ
ɿɴӲЩģκһ涼ѣ˷ʯɼߵĹϵΣ˿ʼɣʯǺڷڲ֮ˡ
ֻΪ˿̣Բûб¶ݣǺڷ̱һʹߣҲµ֪ʯϢ
Ϊҩⳡսңʯҡڵŵ˸߽׵ҩţǸʵ
䣬ʯʱڻ𱬵ǹҩȣҲԽɨκ
ҩǿ裬ʢ
ʯּĵʦû˸ҵһ˹ಢ˽⣬ʯҪóôС
ֻҪʯ㿪ڣѧϰҩֻһŵҲдӵ֣ʦԳ

ʮʯһ·չ˵СƼҡ
Ȼˣʯһ·ɶݵҲƷʯϲ֮ɫ׼ҩȴҩǲ
֪Ѵݹ٣ʧԶӭ£׸Ͻơ
Ƶѿˣ·ʯҽλѣһȻһ䣬漴ʯ
һ·ܳĬҲ֪ʲô£ʯҲûöʣǸһЩƼ˵飬Լķչ
̫佱ˣǺǣԵҩǵҡΪ棬Ҫܺҩ̽һĵãԻԼ߲С
ˣҶҪˣƷ磬һгһŲ嵥㾡ҩռȫʯӵҩ嵥ֽƷһݡ
ãһռȫƷ˵ʯת뿪˴
ʯڣƷɲа㵢飡
ƵѣҪͷ㰴һסЩƣҪĵطúþһʱ䡣ʯɫ
ŶҲãǵƺתĲ٣λ룡˵Żһơ
һṦһ徻Ļ԰һ䵥ڻ԰һ㽨ǰ˻԰˰أ԰ûаӰ
Ƹ徲ĵطˣѿɻ⣿ЦЦ
ƵѿˣϷиӡЦЦ
ǺǣǺˣλģĳиˣ׹˹֣ʶȤ뿪˴˵أֻʯˡ
ȻҲ֪ڵʲôһ·أ֪һ£㲻˵ҲʣﰲˣȥƵҩʯɫһ˵
ã˵ͷ
ԣʯ˵ͷתȥ
ȵȣȻסʯ
ôʯת
Ƭ̣̾Ϣһϵ͸¶żɬԴȳһ¶οЦݺھһֱûЦʼüͷ
ʯ߰ɣҩȵûô򵥣ˡĳ˵
ҩȣʯЩɻ֮ǰҲöʣܲһЩֶԸҩȣǲġ
жٵԴӻܱȵҩȣڻǷű˵һͣҪǲֳܶŵ
ҩȶԸ㣬Щ㽻׵ˣܰˣοҩȻҩȵĵ̣Ǳġ
ֻҪó㹻ĴۣԶ鿪ͷ֧ƱܱȵùҩȵԴǿġ֣ص
ҩȻ˭ҪԸֻҪŷ־ԶƽͺãǼҩȣҾͲŷ־ԶҶ㶯֣ԴصġʯЦЦ
Ҫı߽ҩԴʯǲҩȣҩҪҩ˾ˡ
ʯԼҩǿ޾ģȻ⵹ҲҪһʱ̣ԱҩɳҪ졣
ܳЩ˵ĳŵҾ㣬ǵҲûɣü
Ͳزˣа취ҩȻͨͽҩûУָ߽׺ҩһܴģ˾ͺáʯɫ
ðɣһС£ŵ˵飬ǧҪʧˡɫ
ãȳȥˡʯ뿪ķ䣬ƼרΪ׼һ侲ң׼Ʒҩ֮ԼϸƵҩ
Ƭ̣ʯһٴóж幦֮Ĳʱ仺ţתۼ䵽˵ڶ峿
¡¡
Ȼ䣬һ촫ţǳֵʯ˫Ŀһæʯһķɳҡ
Ƭ̺ʯƼǰ䲻˫ĿһҩһԲǰʮҩȳϣԼʮ֪δķԪߡ
һʮԪڣƼҰΧſڣɫ쳣أʯ֮󣬱Ǽôһ
ףʯҩƼƽ֮աҩԲ߿ڵ
ԣ￩һ£ʯǰп࣬˵˲ڣ֮ǰɢްָһڣҪֿԷֱ쿪ټָ֮
ߣȻ𻰣λʲôʯһڲҩλԲһߣʮԪƼҺѡ


İپʮ 
ȵȣΪҩȴʦ֣㾹Ŀŵץŷ־ԶİɣҿŷԸĵ費ʧܡʯߵ
ʲô㻹ŷϣߣŷϲѾɱǴ֮󣬲ñ㱻Ѳӵӷˣ㻹ƭԪǲɣԳԪǵҩȴԲڵ
ʲôŷˣôܣǰŷϣʱúõġʯһ֮ɫ
ߣԪĳǰͲװ˰ɣǵŷϵʤʹձɵİ취нŷ־ԶϻɱΪ˳Ǿıȡ֮λ
ߣ϶ǱⳤϷ֣һ·ǽⳤҲĻɱ¶˹ȿֵصӣӳҩȡԪǳߵ
ûлɱҩȵˣ֪ŷ־ԶΪѣߡʯɻ
ߣûɱˣûɱΪߣûɱô˵̫಻ΰˣߣɱ֣һҲӲԪǳɫ˵
һɺԡʯãбضʲôᣬŷ־Զϵиǳɻ
ߣݵöԣҶ֣Ԫǳ˵ŻǴʯ˳˹
̼䣬ʮԪڣǽʯΧƷ绹ûлصƼңƹֵܸһҲΧ
ԪһֱʯȥƷ⣬ʯͷ
ʯһߣȭǰһȥ
صһ졣
һ֣Ե˺üסΣԪһ֣˲ɲû뵽ʯʵ֮ǿ
ߣ۷壬Ȼǿ֮ΪϵĲ࣬㻹ǲֲԪ˵Żһ
һ
һɫϼӭ籩ǣ̼仯ΪʮɴСİɫУһöö̺ɢһӴѹ
߽Ԫʯͫһһ֮£գ΢΢һӭնİɫмȥ
صһ졣
﹥һһźһŴĿâڶ𣬿񱩵ನܿȥƲµˣһ̣ǾҲ
ʯŬҲоһԵֵѹȻһԴͨͬףǺ۷Բ֮Ĳֲ࣬
ߣ۷壬Ҳһϸ£ǳ룡ԪȻһߣɫб񱩵ȵĺˣƺʱܱɡ
һɣʯȻҪܰɫеĴ
ʱԲڣԪͬʱ֣׷׼ʯȥʯ޷֮£ͫһ
ס֣
Σʱ̣һϵ˳ţƼԺڣɳһ۵Ӱ
ҰְɣϷǻصҩȣŹʯƼҡ˵
ԣ˷׷֣ͣĿԪǵϣԪǲڣ˵Ҳûû
ߣڿϳ¶ˣŹƼҿԣʯɱҩͬţԲܷŹǹԹߣͿ̿Ԫߵ
ʯĳƴҲʯԵ˵Ȼ²жԷҲĿץߡ
ңҲŹԼ
ʯҪˣ㶷ǡ̾Ϣ޷ҪϷʢѣһصҩ£ֻҪǷŹʯ
ܣʯɱҩȵˣ϶ܷŹһɱŷ־ԶϵġԪߵ֣ǡ
Ԫһ£ʮԪٴ׼֣ʯ˾ΣڵϦ֮ʱɱȻ
ХһԶʮź۵ķԪɱҩ֮˳ΧΪ֮ǽ¡
ԪǵѣϷһ飬ʯˡ¡΢΢һЦ
Ǻڷ̵ˣԪüͷһ壬ǲٶ֣ڷ̵ͷ˻Ǻġ
ǣºڷ̽¡¡Ц
Ԫ˼ãüȻˣǿԷŹʯʦͽǱץߡ
⣡¡ЦЦ
ɽԪЦЦ
ɣʱʯȻִϣ¡ѣȻҪңҪһ
⡭¡üֻǼ򵥿һ£ˬĴӦҲգȻʯѿڣĳڰһΣԪǵѣʵڲ˼ˣذɣ죬һҲˡ
ҺҩԣԪ΢ŭ
ǺǣĳȻ룬ҩȷҪǺںڷ̵ͷϣǽĳܱǡ¡ʼ磬һں˵
ԪתƬ̺صĺһһ˦ۣﳤȥʯ΢΢˿漴ӲսĽ¡


İپʮ߻ Ⱥ
ҩȵ˴ߣ˻˼ױǷؼƼңǻص˾ұչأƼ»ָ˰
ڷ̵ߺ󣬽¡ȴʯĳ侲ڣһƷ裬һʲô
¡ܳʯĳЩ⣬θлˡʯɲŽ¡˺ģϾ˵֮ս
뵱Ը壬Լŵʱ򣬽¡ɾԹ۵ġ
ɷϽ¡ԼæÿһΣϵ¡ñһˣӲⱾ
βһΪԼҩȻʯҲɻ
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仰˵ҩȵĿɽһ˾޷ҩȣ˷¡֣ɻҩȣŭ壬ٴڷĴս
ڽ¡ͬ˵Ĵڣ˷ôĴ۰Լ϶ûô򵥣
ʯĻ¡΢΢һЦв豭ʯѣǲҩȵġ
ϷҲˣҩȲܸǵİʯѿ϶ϣʯǺڷȺ֧ԮǺڷ̸߼ҩ
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ʯһ¡ǽԼ˺ڷ̵ʦΪṩҩһڷʵ϶Ѹ͡
ĸ϶вԲ׿Խûн׷ԪֻȱһŷԪ
ڷ̲֪ٷԪԲڣʯԼ£ʯʦݣܸһἫֲĺ
⣬ǵʦҲûԸǵʦԭ֮һ
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Ǻǣˣʯĳṩҩĳɱ֤ʯѰȫΣ¡򵥵˵
Ǻǣȫα֤ʯһ䡣
ڣҩȲҲ鷳¡һ
ŶһĻأʯЦЦ
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ִ֮һ𺳵Ϣڷ̴ٹҩȣ˫ʧСҩȡ
ֵǣҩΣϼ֮ʱڷ̾Ȼˣ˵ڷ̻ǵҩǿķ˵ǵҩȵİ֡
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½֮ҩȷʵ࣬ٲȥʯ鷳õʯƺõĵҩҲܰľһֱչز
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һֱչزҩ飬ȴ½ЩԭչزϹҲš
ȻҩĳʹϢЩϹչأ֪ʱţԽԽ֪ҩس顣
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Ҳ˸ţʯȻǺڷڲ֮ˣ㲻ǣҲڷżеĹϵ˵Ǻڷһӡ
֮˵硣ͬǣȻ˸ҶƼңҩڣʼĴ£ʯҲת˷ζ
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ʵҪҩϡȱҩȷʯĵ裬ò¾ͿȬԲõʱ䡣
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ڣʯ˫Ŀգڵһ֮ϣâתƤʱʱسһööɫƣ
ŽɫԽԽ࣬ʯɫԽɣף΢΢ĺƤظҧ֨֨죬һʹࡣ
ÿɫ֮ʱʯƤ͸һЩɫʣϸҲǿЩǿƤǿһ㡣
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ʱƣʯһЩɫʽ٣ڹϣȻĽɫƣ
ŽɫӡÿһϸѪܣҲĽɫƣӡһҲ֮ǰǰ֣ϵһֻơ

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˸ϵ֮ʱ죬ƼҸɽʧڸûˣѾΪƽأЩҪġ
ʯڵĵطǿƼ峤չصأǽ󷨾кüأټʵıչضܽ⾿Ƕôǿ
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ޣѻ죡ѩӰƷһۡ
Ȼһ˲õĴ֮ͨûӦͨгɣչڵ޴ͷţŷ˿ֲһҪĴ򶷶Ե֮ʱӦþͲˡײ²⵽
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ʯ̮֮Уһɫֽ令ʵʵһ˿ҳҲմȾ΢¶֮ɫĿ˿ȭͷ
Сɾ˹Ȼ򵥣ʯ΢΢һЦ
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鷳λʰˣȥʯɫһ׼һ飬뿪ϻܵر˽ȵǡ
ˣҩȵԪˣһִʯǰҩʱϹܼһŻŵ˹
ʲôҩȵˣɫһû뵽̶̰ʱ䣬ԪٴθƼҡ
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ȥ˵ʯ뵽˻壬׵Ҳǵ˶ݹһ𣬱ʧ˴˵ء



İپʮŻ Ԯ
ʯףƷ磬ѩӣƹֵܣ˷׷ƼǰԺһɫ΢䡣
ѹѹͷܶжʮԪӣۼƼҴǰİԲڡ
һ׷ԲԵգȻΪף׷Ҳǰʮ㣬һΨҶӡ
ξȻмǰһˣҩԪǡ
ʯûж࿴ԪǣǶ࿴˼׷ߣΪϣʯоһӴ˾Բ򵥡
ʯɻǹƼңڻңԼԣ⣬ǻڷȫ濪սұҩȳ
׵ȻҲʶ㣬Ϸ׷¶֮ɫǿɲڷǷ񻹻ǰǷüһ
Ԫǿ˿׵˵ı飬¶֮ɫ漴ƲƲ죬һЦǺǣλؾţԪĳ˵ʯѵѼ飬صԱ⡣
ӴҩҲʯѽãЩҩеĺҩԼһֵһǧһнԪʯЦɡ
ԣƷ˽һ㶣ѵǸղˣҩͲɣ
׵һЩ嶯ȥӣҩȵĺҩ͵ǿɾԲʲô˶ģһԪݴʵƷҲ˿ڿˮ
ʯüͷһ壬ݴȻҲ֮
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׷ߺȻȻһЦҵҩģڳλܹѵľ֮˷ѣ
ϹܼҲͷ֤£˵Щȷʵһģ
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һĻı仯ֹ׵⣬ʯҲһһ㶵ģŽеʦʲôôһҩѣĸ߽״ڡ
ĿǰԼƺûﵽ̶ֳȣʯ˿ԪǱ裬Ҳֿ˻
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ߣϷ棬ȻҪˣҩȵӲɱ㣬Ҳô뿪ˡ׷һȻ֮˵ԲԪΧס
״ԪɫһߣԶٲɣʯ̸ģҪսҲ֮顣
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Ŷ˼ҪʯĳսඣʯζЦЦ
ҵĻˣԶ٣Ԫĳɲ㣬ȻԪĳϣսҵҽѣʯΣԪʵ
ʯĳܽǣȻǼ棬ʯĳǣʯ緢˵漴ֳȺһԪǰ
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ʯǴ˿ɱԼֲסˣԪЦ
Сֵܣðάҩʵĵɫ˲Ҫ̫³ç嶯ˣ㲻ز֣ĳ׷һȻ˵
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ǺǣΪʯĳòս˵Żʯ»һɫƸֶ漴Ԫһȭȥ
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ԪǵӰͬߵķһ㣬һ߱׷ɶͨһ˵棬ӳ鴤ѣһֱֻ۹ǶϽۣǹѪһ֮ɫ
۵һԪǷӦʯһţȻ˷ԪǼ˶Ƶֵڶܶ߷ɣĸһֱУȴ˿ûл֮
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Īǵʯĳ·ʯ°ͣһϷ֮ɫھƴԪҲûǸˣϾѾش
㡭Ԫɫͨ죬ȴһҲ˵ôԲڣȻһ۷һȭһŴˡ
´ȥЦ˵˶û˻ţԪڵѪ
ʯ֣һаܵУ޻ζ򵥵һȭһţ𾪲ѡ
ȻԪǴеĳɷ֣ҲѿʯʵڳκһˣҲﲻʯȵ֮ʵ̫ǿǿ˷˼
ʤʯΪʵȻס׷˼ְɫԪǿڵҪﰭۣĳûʯƢ
ߣǵţԪǻļԦݹԶݶߣСʲôҲֻ˵Цˡ
ԭѣѣ½ѡʱƼԺڻɳһ΢ЦĿŸˣĿԲϡ
ҩǰ״˷׷¶֮ɫǷԪڣҲһǰ׷׻Ӧţ¶δЦݡ
ѣ겻Ҳǿ¾Ȼ֪ͨǼϼһ׷߹һЦû֮ǰİǾΥѣȻֿ顣
ҳʵλæôҼЦˣҡͷЦ
ȻǿˣȽ˵룡ʯȴʶˣҽ鲻ӣһơ
˵˵ЦЦƺƵĽƼҴš
ԶߵԪҧø¸죬һŭĿʯˣԭΪϴܽߣʧҲʯһû뵽ֽʯͷԼһ


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ڶǰʿƼֵľһ죬ϯֻĽ˿ûἰҩȵ顣
˿ҲûһԵ÷ǳС
ʵҩ֣Ǻģҩȵȷ޳ˣΪƵҽߡ
ʵεˣɲôϰٵģܲἰôǰģɾûôˡ
һ㶼ʵΪֵͷܼվ֮٣ʮˣѾʵټˡ
Щεʱ򣬵ֻԪϾĺӣ·߼־µġ
ڣеĳɳΪ˷ԪڣеĻԵͣΪʵͣ˵ҩѣ˻岻ݴǵľۼһ˹
Ʊյ׷̸˲յĻ䣬ˣһǸ֮ˣðǰ
˭ûʩչֿ⣬еĲձеһֱֵҹ˶Щӿʱŷ׷ɢȥ
Ϊ˰ϺõľҸ¥Բס£ʯҲżȥ˯һҹ
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ȴǱֻҪ󣬼ǹ϶һ˵֣׷ҲҪͿ
ֵʯʮǰ֮ʱţֲԼ֣ҲǼɵֶѡ
˵ĸʵӣҲǷԪڣԲ˿ɽţ˶ɣɼһ𣬼һҲҪɵ֡
еڻʳеѧϰʦ㣬ֻ˼ӣһʵʵڵҰףͽֻԼ֮ʵǿĵӡ
㣬ֻ֣ǧϹͬжĴڣһжԲ⣬ѹʯ֮ʱһȷʵֵýıǮ
ѣ˶ɣĳἰֻڳ˵˵ҩȾʲôɫһʵ
ԣʯҲɫһ
̾Ϣһ˫ַŴӣĿ⣡
ԶץΪʦ棬ҪռҩȻҵȡҽʢ䣬ǵұȳ֮󣬽Ӵҩͬţ鲢򵥡
ԶʦжԻɱʦı£һҲɾŷ־ԶʦڣԶʦҲ׵Ϲⱳƶ߻
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ŷ־Զʦıָߣܼ˵ҲһȨԣҪ»ֲԶʦܡ
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ŶΪβ£ҩѲ޷Ƿǰɣǻܲ˵Ļһ䡣
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˵Ļ٣ǷݺǲŲں֪Σǻǻ֮£뾡취סҵġ
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˵ĪǲӲǱֲ֣춼ûиҴҩԭһֱʱԲߣ취סǡʯ˫ĿһС
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ҪҵҶԣҲӹ̸ཻУŷ־ԶʦֱӶҳҲһҪǼŭ£ֱӽҩȣǸӲġ
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ŷ־ԶȻǣΪַǣʯü
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ãôоһ£ܰҩȣ΢΢һЦһƽ˵ʯߣҲֻ


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ʯԼö˼ƻ
ʯȷʵƷٴɢϢ֣ٶȼ죬ʯҲŷҪҪԪϡ
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ԣǲܰȥҩȣֻΣ֮ʱ㣬ȻԻǰϹأ˷Եɸ֣һԲ۷塣¡ɫ
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ڴ˵չ˹ɱ֮ս

ˣʯʦִŴѾǳˣֱڣҲûпĻԮǲǱˣˣ
ҩڣԪǳڴ֮һ˵ŲӴϣپûˡ
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Ȼˣ֮ǰɳȥ̽ӣڸûֻˣѾٴδ̽ˣϢܿͻᴫ
ϣҾ˵һЩĵѣһԿʦ֣Ȼҽʢ䣬ƫ
ϴǻɱŷ־ԶϣݺʦҲ⣬˵֧ǣɻأǲıʦ˰ɣԪǳһǵ
ߣûϢļһȳȥɣ⡣Ӳͷİ˰֣ԪǸҪ˵Щʲô漴ɫˡ
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׻ΧʯˣսѾ˰Ȼ̶ȣɱϣ˿ҲһЩˣھ˳׻ҲŹһ
廤ռϷ磬ΧȦСʯ˱סԵֿ
ʯѣ˷󶯸ɸ꣬ʵΣǵʦҲ벻УǲҪӲƴˣҩʱ޷£ǸϿ취ͻΧü˵
ͻΧüϷûмְߣ˸˵껰ʯ˫ĿһУо˷ʵǴֲ


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ȻмԳʵ͵ˣоܹߣ׼һߣ㣬ʵڲԼӡ
ʯ̾Ϣ֧ߣҪǻȫԼˣ͸ˣŽᡣ
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Σʱֻ̣׻һ֡
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˵ʯĳԸƴףҲύκζʯɫһ
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ڷ̣ãȥ˵ֿȥȥӰ˰֡
˼ʮˣʮԲʦֻ֪ҩȵĵΣǶʮȥֿʦʮˣ𣿹ʮԲҲֿˡԪǷ
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ʱ£ʣ㶵ĿһУɫǷϵĵ˼һƨϣ˲ࡣ

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ж֮ϣиŹӡϾ˼֮ɫ
Դϴʮǰȥ֧Ԯɫ
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ߣʺʱ˵֧ԮҩˣвмһΪȥʯǣ縸ʺƭ˵˰ҩȣ
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ʯˣǰǵ⣬֮ǰ˵Ļֻ˳ˮˣȻҲʯкγԹ
µȷǰǵ⣬ڷһ£ȥԮؽǾȻص
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ʯĴ£һ·ϻƽΪӪǿƵ󷨣ʱʮԲ֣ͿƵһЩ󷨽ơ
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˴գʯڳ嵽ҩȽȺʮգһɫ
ɲӴĶʮԪ滹мٰԪϾҲУ׼ƴһսҩײ㻯ҲûŹ
㣬ʦ棬ʳɱŷ־Զϣɱͬݺңҽʢ䣬ֱϧգʦҾҪʦŻɫ˵һ


 ױ֮
ᣬһŭݡ
к֤˵ģߣҪΪҲ֪ıΪ˳ıȡλãϧɱͬţȻɱŷ־Զ֡
˵ɱģֱһɺԣҩ˶ͬŶɵӣһɱŷ־ԶϣкκôɱôСֻϧ˷ӡŭ
ǷǺڰģϷ㲻ϣϷҲҪʦŻڵ
ʯ˵ͷû㹻ʵǻʲô֤ݣҵӵоԵʵҪ֤ݣԽ˻ɱ
ǴУһɱ޶֤Ժʦ˹ҲԷڰɣҩ˻𣿡
ԣüڶҩ֮Ǿɲ֪ǣ
֤ʱҩԶӰһǴԲΪĶ־ĵӰ
ʲôôӳģɫȻһ䡣
ߣĳȻļƲϣмɿʦܣ֮ˣѾλʦܻɱˣʯҽƣƵǲѣֻǺķ˲ʱ䡣־˵ŻǷɵ˸
ʦ֣û̫ˣ־æڵ
ôˣɫһֶ־ɫ԰ףһ˲ӡ
ߣ־һߣ漴ת˿Ӵϡ
һУǲӸĹʦҹߣұоԣв֮̽£Ԫ͵Ϯɱŷ־Զʦ塣
Ŀľݺʦ֣ҽʢ䣬ռҩıȡ֮λҲңԽҴ־ڵ
㣬˵ԪָŶ־һ˵κ˶óԪ˵ûеȻЩӡ
λʦʦܣҺúһ룬ƾʯ۷ΪϵشĴʦ֣ϢĻɱŷ־Զʦ
ŴǷǵеģֻҩȱӴϿƣԪ˵֧֣ǰЩ֧ŷ־Զʦˣ²⵽ʲôҲҿڡ
Щִ֧ϵˣž֪ʦǱݺҲװ֪ﺰ壬϶Ըʦ֣ҶɵֻǸĿ˵벻˵ˡ־ڵ
ͻԪϣŷʦԲױʯڴʦֻɱҴʦֵΪˣӦš
Ŵʦ֣ǰѹƾˣʦִ˻Ҳίȫˡ
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ҲԸִ֧ʦ֣ʦԭ£
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˵Ұ֣ƫƫŻ壬ߣʦҲ޷ˣԪһ
ʦ֣Ԫһʱϣʦԭ£ӴԶ׷ʦ֣ԪǾҲһ˶־ĸ
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Ϊʵǿһ㱾ǶǿߣΪӾȻףȻʩֶȴǲԶ顣
л֣һʱҲͶ򵥵Ķˣû⣬ָ߽׶ˣûףһܼѪС
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ɲǼ䣬ΰθ淭ڣԶԶȥȻΪһˣֲֿĸ£صֲ껯Ϊҽܿޱȡ
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ץĳûôףˣɽĹѹɽܲѣЩƾϣǱ滯Ϊޡ
ЩǱһɣԶǰһʱ޷ӽ޷סˣΪǻ̫ңȻûʲôܹѹƣЩˮԹ˶Էơ
ʦױ֮ĪʦԶʦֲкģŭһҲҪģ˹ܵȷһʱơ
ʱӲҩȣԼޱȣļԪѪĽԴҲɱֻҪסӳҩһĹͺá
һʱ䣿ѣⲹǿᣬܻ߻ɱվŲ
ȶʵôȫƿս֣ߣǿ¸סǴҲȥѡɫ΢˵
˶ѣʲôЦƲɵ߱ǻɻң˭ǰԶ빥ԷҲվŰ·ͻȻһʱ侹˸ǰֻԶԶʩչ﹥ߴˡ


߻ 
ױ֮ȱݣһƣս԰ܣ𼫴Ԫ뾫ѪνһҶõĽ
˶ʱȴң֮ܵԶԶˣʩչһЩȽӽˣǱܷڵ滯Ϊҽ
ʯһϾڶ࣬տʼţӦ֮֮£ǱƵòӲѣһЩơ
ˣ˻ǿɽ֮ȥ
৵һ
ʱʯȻ嵽ǰŶͷһģֻһ
һ
һʮɴСĳɫ޽ȻʯУɢһӴϢϸ۲죬޽ھȻɫ磬С
ʯѣʩչԹֻͨᱻɵģղѾˡʯľٶæкһ
ܲĿӳȥʯ˿޽ɫо棬ȫˣ󣬻Ĺ֮󡣡
৵һ
ʯ䣬޽ֶӼɫƴƺһ˿˷뼤ž޽նˡ
ʯԷ콣㣬淢Ĺʯ֮ΪֻǲûиĽľƾ
˹ȻܲҲֻǸѣӹһЦһ죬кȻһͬʮɴС޽
Ѿ޽ײһ𣬱һž޴ޱȵţ
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һ죬޽Ѷʯʩչķ콣ӰȻЩãصһն˻˵ϡ
״ϲɫһû뵽ʯӵȸ߽׻ԹǲҲüͷһ塣
Ӱնܻڵʱδܺľ۵һɢһЩ֮˲䱻գܷڵĻʢ
лʯһ֮ӹЦǿЦҡҡͷȻ겻ѣֻٴ׼ֹ

Ȼ䣬ӿдһľľֻԭɫ棬֪ʱΪһ棬һּٶȣڲʳȥ
ʲô澹Ȼɲ֮ܵ˫Ŀâһ
֮⾿Ǻ𣿾ȻǿҲЩ⣬˫ĿȻһЩɲ
ÿһ߽׵ʦʦģֻϧ󣬼򵥵ĵͽ𣬶ûʲôô
ʯԶͨ𣬵ʦҪ¯ɹԶɱȣƿ磬¶ȼߣһЩ޷ƵⵤҩΨɡ
һĵ˵˵棬ѾɫǣŽֱޱȣԶ˴жϳӶȻŷ˰ʹࡣ
ವһ
Ȼ䣬ӾȻ˸ѿǣ˲仯Ϊ˴СӴġ¡зɶݶɫ԰Ǳ
ǲӴ˿һϢ½˲٣Ȼûдﵽ½͹ȣʱһ᲻ս԰ܡ
ȻڣҲζŰˣûױ֮ȫʢʱڣֿܵס˵Ĺ
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˷һ̣ȴǴ˲Ц֮
ʦ𲻹ԶΨֻɱʦ𣬵ֵԶ鵤ߣֻϧ˶ΪֲֶΡ
ĳӦǿʵʱҲ֮ϣʦȻߣҲֻǱǸ߳һѡ
ʦ𾹿լʺƣ¼ֵǮʦͿȻ͵͵ҽʢ䴫㡣
²ĳϻ壬ҴͨԶɱʦĿҪҽʢ䣬ҪҩȣԶȨȷʵȤҩҲһֱҵƿ֮Уû뵽Ǳʦֶ˹ȥ⡭
һֹϼһʢֱ𣬲ӵȻֹãϼɢʬ޴棬ֻ˰ǵĲ
Զɫ˲ʩչ棬һȦԭȭͷСΪͷ­С
ҡһ仯Ϊһɫ磬ವһûʯָ⡣
ҵȷ¹Ը췣ʦԭ£ԭֲ֧ӵһɳϼԪǲ׷ɫ䡣
־ȥ˼ûҵĴڲ뿪Ӱ벽ɫ
ǣ־֮⣬ҩΨһһλԲڣӷ˹ȥ
ַԸһЩ飬еĴɨսеĸظλͽ׵ʼûгһǲɢ
֮λ´һۣƬ̺˶ĴǱԸ־ȡһЩҩȴ洢ĵҩŸһЩ͡
ʯЩˣҲһҩȷԪȻһЩ߽׵ҩȻҪͣÿ˼ֺĵҩٶսжһЩıǮ
ʯ֮ǰǷµծȴûлϣСΪҩȵȷʵûôĴ洢еĻԶ߲Ӵϡ
˵Ԫָ󶼱Ӵ飬Ĵ洢ֱռеٵֻ˼ѡ
˺ô󲿷뿪ҩȣʯԸƼҲȥֻһЩѣ
һʱ䣬ѾԻò֣ʯ׽һȥҩȴֻʣʯˡ
ʯö־һҩȵҩȫժƳҩӦù㻻֮ǰǷµĳŵڵ
أֻһͺãʣµԼУЩ˷ҲżҾҩȱչһʱ䣬ǵĵҩȫƳʯɫ
ҲãǷ˳ŵӦϣȥƵҩȻٺúģ˵꣬ǽʯһöԪָʯӹ֮תȥ
ˣҩȷ粨Ǹһ䣡

֪ôãߣ˷Щסʹڣɫ΢
ǻʹ㵱ԼʲôˣҸ㡭Դŭһû˵꣬žһӡ
ȥ
ʣҡ
ϹȥһԴЩɻʵڸ㲻ʲôȻԼ˹
׵ѣС᲻¡
ЩëƤС²Ҳգǵ˰֣Ʋʮ꣬ȴ¶Ƶأû֮ǰԴ¡
УΪִߣȻñкڷ̵˴̷Ҵȥŷΰҹѵ㲻Ҫˡˣ
Ҫ֪ʥǸΰݹӡܸӺܶĹˣԽʢԽ
νٹ²ΰݹӡɹ˺ͨʧΰ̫ٶʧˣҲζܿᱻȡ¹̲֪ɫһ
ĳ֪⻼ֿסڷ̵ѹֻܱʥͽĳʵ޷ǿ󣬳ǡ׸ߺڷ̣üԣ¶˼֮ɫ


˻ ·
ҩȣĳĵ֮ڣ
һʯ̨֮ϣҵĶѻź˵ĸϡҩмֻƿӶᣬʯ̨ɢһЩҩ
һֻߵĽɫСҩϣСצ߬һֻƿʱȥŵҩȴеصһݡ
ɫС֮⣬ŶȣͲСˣֱЩԪΪ֮ĵҩǶԡ
ΪʯҲͷۣվڸŽ顣
ˣٳȥĿ๦ȫûˣұչذҲղծģˡʯ˷ۡ
ۣ֨֨
ŴԣСһվݽиͣȱȻ˼˵ϴûҶԸħԨޣԼй͡
ʯһ⻰ͻðɣ
ǰԵһƿҩô˵ģ仰ҰˣһֻħԨ޲ֵЩҩɣˣҸϽչҩҪȥģʱʱٸơʯε
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СһЦ漴˵ͷʯ˼ƣ˵⻹࣬Ҫ˵㻰ϣ
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ǣţҲǸոաʶʯȻлһˣһϳŵģʯ˷ǵĸϽţҲ겻ѡ
ʯ֮ϣϴ˼֮ɫһṦһӰҴҵĽ´ʯ֮䲻һϲ֮ɫ
ʦ֣ˣ̫ˣ˵֮˿̵ҶȻΪԪ۷ǿˡ
ϲˣˣأʯĽײȣ׼Ԫ˽һ
ʱȴǸЦͷ
ǺǣǰԪλѾڵĴˣʧˣЦǺǵ˵
ԣʯ΢΢һ㶣漴ЦЦôʧ㵹Ǻʺְλڵľϣ˭ҲܱǰԪϵΪǿġ
ȿȡǲ̫СϷˣʱſֳһӰԪϡ
Ԫڣʯ˫ĿһæЦϲԪϣȻ׵˺ڡ
ٺ٣ǶЩҩн죿ԪҲûһľ֮ϡ
ȻΪϣǶԪǱԵ𾴣
ԪϿˣӦõģû뵽㾹Ȼȥ˴һְʯЩ⡣
ϷʹˣӦðˣûʲôҲˣڵţӦý˴ˣҲǰһЩˣܲϼһɵްչصʱɣԪЦЦ
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ʯоЩ죬ۣüĿ㣬һԪڴڣֻǺսײõӡ
ŮӣʯͺӡˣҲһλԪڣԪ۷壡
ʯǣªȻȻԲȴҡһ䣬Ϊ˷Ԫ۷壬ﵽڽ벽ѡ
Ԫ΢΢һЦŽһ£λǵڴµĵӣЩΪӣҸ
ԪҪȥǷã˵ǸãϣܳΪŵӣԺҲöΪŷֵһЩ顣
ԣڸʯӰˡ
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ʵ֤ѡȻһЩζȴǳȷֻ׳һţкԴҩӦ
ѡ˶˳ףףһǱʯѡˣǱ˼֣ңе˲û˳ס
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ĻʮһλԪڣˣôûʯһ䡣
ɫһ೤ҲǵͷȥһɫȻĳ̾ʯֲõԤС


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ƿʧܣʮǰѾˣԪҡͷ̾Ϣһ޲Ĭ
ʯҲɫһҡͷ̾һ
û뵽ʵǿϣȻز˷Ԫƿϣ˶ܽף޳ЩЩҲ˵
һ²˵ҩ˳׵ģҪҾԼѡ񣬳ɹһɳ죬ʧܻΪʯԴҲΡ
ԪƾԼΪ֮ʱϿǼԣûʹӣϼƼԼĵ飬ԬҲԣϾԬʵǿǴҹϵŽӰˡҲȽк
ʱһã˽ϵƷʯҲӲǺ޹ϵ飬Ҳеˡ
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⡭ԪΪѵǿŵҩҽԬ
Ŷ޷Ժ͸һűǣԬʦеٮٮߣҲ׷ϸλ˰ɣʯ΢΢һЦϲɢղŵıˡ
ȿȣԬʦҲƿʧܣʮǰˡҡͷ̾ϢһԬְλ治һֵõ
Щѹ֣һ;ޱȣΪᱦΪԪԬ׵õԵȴƿ֮ϡ
˵ŻˣϷ㴫֮ʱѾع˰ɣʱſڴӰһӰֶ
ԪԲϲ棡ʯ˫Ŀһ¶ϲɫƿжͻƣʯˣԼ˺üΣʧܸա
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жˣӣʯɫʵ
ҪʴˣֻϵͳơԪ˿
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ʯ˵ƷԪûʲô𣬲ҲۣʯЩûй֣֮ĸĸ
ͲˣʯһٱɸΪ֮ûϹӦҲû취ɲʯǱ̬컯¶
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ҵĵҩ˰ɣʯΪȻʼ磬Ҳ⣬˹һЦˣϽˡ
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Ŷʲôţ仰ǲ٣˲֪ڵʵΰҲ޷ǰڣʲô裿ʯʵ
ʦ֣ݴԣһʧٵˣ䣬ȻҾȻΪ˷ԪԲڡ
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Ͼϵ˴壬ۼڼĸ˲ûˮ̵ôе˾Ϊ˽ύң˵ġ
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Ĺȡ¶˫Ĵ巽һ֣һЩɢޣԼʮ
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ȻΪֵİӣȴ巽µ˹˸ҺڹȥֻҪһڵ֣Ͳŷɫ䣬ʵʵڵʵۣеİɣ


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ҲҪңһУͨǰݣֱʳ췭ظʯԸϣһʯһгдӣԷǿ۽һ


һʮŻ սչ
ʲôֱʳʯĻǿɫ΢䡣
ѣǲɳһֻصʳפأЩ⣬˲ֱ̣ͨ˴˶ʳ̫Σա
һǻٵ󣬾Ҳزȥģܹܲڣ˻ʳ֮Σɣǿü
ߣСʳǱٴҰؽǣ񣬾ڡߵ
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ǿһԥźӮ֣ڡ
ΰ㶵ĿһУƺЩزʲôʱˣȻηȨ;ò˼顣
Ҫ֪ɱչģʱĪҫھȻԻ
˼Ƭ̣ΰԽо˺˲һ㣬漴Ҳڡ
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ʯҲо⣬֮ǰԼ˵ʳһ仰ʵǸǿģʯ̫˽Сʵˡ
ֻҪԼĽʳǣ䲻˵߻Ȩô췭ظ
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һԪǿߣ˿ֲˣһӾԲ
ʯ֪ҩΪ˷⡣
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ʯѣּˣλӾͲˣʣλѣˣҵ½׵ĳϡҩЦЦ
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ĳϣֻʣʯǿûж֣Ŀңңɫء
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ǬԪ½Զޱ޼ʵĶˮ庣ǼڴˣǬԪ½˷ˡ
ʥڶˮһ壬˫޷Ҳ޷֣һǿı߾ߡ
ǬԪ½Ǻޱߣ½һռݴ˵أһ߽ˮڣҾģɱ
ˮ½һϣ彫޷ֿ
һǬԪ½мǺڷ̵½һ֣ǿ߽硣
ֻǽʥصĺڷ̣û֪λڣֻ֪ŷΧҲû˸Ҵǵ⡣
ô˵ǽʥڷ̣ڹͬػ壿ʯɫһû뵽Ƭػ붫ڣǿޱȵ塣
˰ɣֻʥֶιǿӲƿǬԪ½֮Ļ壬ƿأҲҪʥӡ
Ǻڷ̣ƿǬԪ½֮ͨЩҲǽͽһڷ̣ʥǿӲģʽûĤݹӡ¡
ս¡ѵ˼Ҫͽ췴ǺףʯȻɫһ˵һ䡣


ٶʮ 
˵ڷ췴Կ͢¡һ¡
кβףʯü
Ǻǣʯ̫ˣ췴кãҪݳǵĽͽڣҪҪĲȨ̷
ǬԪ½ССĹٸǴһʥٴȥȥͽ˲ֻΪһССĹһȨʵڲֵ
˵ʥʥֶΣǺڷҲкڷ̵Ĺأ˺޹գҲӶȨۺڷöԶֻһɣȨ
ȻҪǽͽڱ۸Ǻڷ̻ǻϽͽڷʳԿвԲȨ¡ɫ
ֲÿֻǽ֮˻ˣӲὫǼ𡣡ʯ˼˵о¡˼λ˻壬ҪȨߴȨֱ׾١
ֻǽԱһֶΣѹǽη񣬵ӲǺڷ̵Ĺأϴΰǻ˻ˣʵҲǵĽͽڡ¡ɫ
ʯĳʶǳ̫ˡʯǸһЦ
ҲֲʯѣؼǱʥǺڷĨڣһֱԿЩ˽ǵа̣ʵԵĻ弸ɵģʥԼ
Ҳɣɲΰҹ࣬Ͼڷ̱ȽϽʥܲȥ
ǬԪ½붫ĻʥԼȫ²ΰݹӡ£ȻҲǺڷ̿Խӽġ
˵ǿ֮֮̿һǶԵ˫׽ӽĵط
мشͱȽˣʥԼ壬кڷðɲΰݣʱʥᷢͻаڷֻ̣ʥ˳档
ĵλãǬԪ½벿ûдﵽԵڷ̵յشǺڷ̷̲
ƬʥЭ壬ڷ̻ˣʵֻʥ̫ãЩ˾Ϊ˺ڷ̣Ϊڷа̣Ͼܿܡ
ЦǣЩΪڷֻǴһС̻ᣬ󳹵׸γ֣Щ˻ΪڷҸȼʵңڷ쳣ֻػعѡ¡ҡͷһЦ
ʯ𺳣ν죬ǰԼЩ֮ˣΪһţڴվȽŸΪг
ĺڷʥȣԼһɣһҶԿˣкȥԿȻ
㹻ʱ䣬ʯаڼǧʱڣԲȲ˯ţչشҩ֮ǿԱ
ʯûôϾʱ䣬ο᲻Լ᣿Ҳδ֪֮
κһҲԸɳԼԿͬѹһɳŴѹһ
ҪʱµĻҵȣֱǳˣοܶԵֵˮ½壬ǾǶôӴ
ˣʯĳȥʥ֪ܷλãʯһ䡣
ʥ¡üʯδ̫ˣȲ˵ûȥ㵽˶ҵʥҲȥģӽͻᱻ
Ŷѵʥ㲻ʯ˵
Ǻǣʥκ˽ӽǹأͬǺڷҲһʯȥʥ¡ʵ
Ŷûʲôʡʯµ˵֪ʥڷ̶ʥˣ˵Ҳ̫á
ʾãʯòҪӽǺڷҲ޷İȫҪ˽ʥ飬ǾֻʵӴʥˡ
ʯҲüȻ˷ʥǸϳֱǻУʥò˶þͻǰʥҵģҪʥˣֻеǡ¡ɫ
˽ˣ뵤壬Ҫ¡Ѷչһˣ˷׼չأһЩҩ͸¡ѣϾǳںġʯ΢΢һЦ
Ŷòˣ˵ĻΪʯԿ壬ʥˣĳҲǣʵʯѵĵҩǺڷ洦ܶ˲š¡ܻ˵
ѵ˶ĺڷ̣û߽׵ʦʯһ䡣
ڷ̸߽׵ʦȻ٣ҪɳĽͽ࣬ʷǷֻǷȱһҩѣʦٶ࣬ûвкã
һʦܹӦˣʦӦ˶ѣڸ߽׵ʦְҵĸӶأȻԽԽá
ʦ൤ҩ࣬ɳĽͽŻ࣬ɲŻʢ¡仰û˵߽׵ʦٶ࣬óĸ߽׵ҩȴ١
ʵ¡Ҳ֣ʯΪÿóôӴĵҩǰҩʯ뵤壬Լҩĵڳ¡ЩȻ
Ǻã˷л¡ѽʯĳȸˣҿˣƿ¶㣬ָЩôʯƿҩ漴תȥ
¡лһҲûгͣƿֵҩ֮䲻˫Ŀһٿ˿ʯıӰɫЩ

ʯ뿪󣬲ûмŻصţ̷ȥ
˷¡˲٣ԺڷʥЩ˽⣬ǸоӴĲͬѰǾΪǶ˴ٲΰǵ
ڷ̵ҹ񣬽ʥĹӡ£кĿģʯ˼˵
ϴν̸ʱ˵ԼҲΰԭֻǽ̻һŽᣬʯоûô򵥡
ԼܿЩͽǲΰݹӡµƶգǺڷ̲ΰĽͽͷ˿˿ðսȥ
ȻҲһЩòΰ˵õЩôʯɲΪΪ츣նԣⱳһһ޴ܡ
ȻﱳܣһǾأֻǣʯԲ͸ȴЩģҪķӡ֤ˡ
̣ʯҵط硢Լӣа裬˴֮ãʳʶ̣ʯ˽չҲǴο
ʯҲûж˵ʲôÿ˷һŷԪԼҩ˿ʼչأԼҲʼչ
һʯᣬʱ⴩ţתۼһȥʯǴ߽ҩ漴ʼƵҩ
ʯڷ̿ԼģԼдĸ߽׵ҩʯҪý¡ʱԼǾͱõó㹻˵
ַƮҡʱʯҪץס㹻ʱý¡Լ롣
һ죬ʯƵҩʱ򣬺Ȼ輱е
ʦʦүˣԪԲˣɱ̵һ£Ҫɱʦү˵ʦүڲ֣ǾͲ̡輱
ʯһ˦صһʯһ¶˰輱еݡ
ʲô˴󵨣̵ңʯɫһ
˵ʲôʥˣǣ˵䱨ģʦʥ֮˴ˣʦ˵ĻԲѡ˵껰ʯɫ˲һ䣬Բ֮ʥ֮ˣɲĿǰԼܶԸ˵ġ


ٶʮĻ 
̣һ¥
һǹѪ˴һϢޣȥĲˡ
̷ҵ飬Ǽϡ٣ϾˣεһЩͽڣæ
ȴûߣڽֵϿ棬׼֣ͷǿɲŴ¿Բ֮
ŰµӰվڴ룬ӣһɫ㣬òЩȣüȴ΢΢塣
һݣޱĴܡ
һӣһ֮ɫоվǰͷߵӣ˵ΪȴǴԲڡ
ط硢ɫ԰ףһϢ鸡˴һ࣬ҲһЩƣһ־ŭĿӡ
˰ǰǰ˷Ԫ˷ӹһ٣Ҫڣ¾ҪΣˡ
ȻҲʯһǰĵҩֻǰһֱչֻ̣Ǵﵽ˴ԲȥûüչسԪ
ϿʯĻһˣߣҶʧʱ򣬰Ŀ˿طˡ
ϣ˭ôĵӣ£ǲˣһЦţڽֵȺͰ͵ĳһɫӰ
ֻ˿̵Ϊȴ׵˷Ԫ۷壬ȻûдﵽԲ֮
ߣʲô뱾˵ҿǻĲͷˣŭһ۽â˿
ٺ٣ôĮҾ˵˵ʯû뵽۵ңСӻأ䣬Ⱥٴ߳һɫӰ
Įһǰһ߽ȻԲϺ޾ɫֻ˵УЩ֮⡣
ߣ㵽鷳ĮƲƲ졣
ιʯ鷳ײĺôҲҵͷϣż£Ժûϵ𣿡˵˵
Сӣ˵ĸɵˣֻҪһ仰Ϳʧȵ
ǺǣλʥѣˣΪҪִҵĵӣĮڣʯںŻߵ˴
Į˺ʯЩ⣬ֻǴһкû̫ɣϾǰеǰ
ʯһ
¾ǡʯδ䣬Ȼеһ꣬ȻһλˣңԼԸڹɽĳϡ
ŷ֣ôҲĪǡʯɫһ꣬ǴԪ;СĴڣŷʧٶŷ㡣
˵л˵٣ŷԱȽϾн
΢΢һ㶣ʶŶˣŷǴ֮ˣɲҪʥĹء
ң߷ģֻʶѡŷɫһһ֮ɫһݵ꣬ʼҲûпڡ
һĻɵʯһ£ŷ֣ԼЩ𾪣һǴﵽΪٿ˵ļƣʯɻء
Сӣ֪Ϸʥģߣøһ˵ߵ
ߴ˻⣿ںڷ֣֮˽֪飬ĪʥҪ޻ҵͷϣʯü
ߣ˵Ļش·ϵ룬ͲҪ֦˰ɣ»޹ءʱһֱûпڵ꣬ڻ˵һ䡣
ԿǺ⣿ǲϲʶѵҪü
ԿЦЦιʰ¼Ȼ޹أǺαؽ֦ѵΪûȥˣ֮£ĳԲֵġ
ߣԿѿ»֪ɣ·ʱϷ˵ǸҴʥİǣܿ֡ߵ
ʲô֣ΪԿɻĴ˼ʯɻ֮ɫ
δ⿪ʼݺˣƾ޾ݣ˵ֻʯƶ˵Ϻޱ¶
һСӣ㲻Ҳգֻ㷢ͻɵʹߣʱִ񣬵˵ȥҹ㣬֮ʧˣ˵޹أ
޹أѵ߿ˣʯ׼ҲϣȻʥԹԲʲô¡
ߣʱҲֻǲ²⣬ҿͲҪ˰ɣ֪䶼һﲻϾƾ޾ݣͶ֣а̺ڷк𣿡Կɫ
а̣һ֪ΪͻΪаһӣǴаԿ
ιΪʯڷͬȻ壬һɱ䣬Ҫа֮ˣΪڷ̻˻̣
ʲôд£˵ĻǲˡԿһڷ̣ϱ¶ŭݡ
λˣڷ޹أɱˣΪҵͷϣʯֲõԤС
ҪǺڷ̵ӣΪΰ㣿ͣΪ𣿴ˣΪڷ̻ȥߣ߼
ʯһȷԼڷ̵ĹϵЩ壬ʼĻŲʯʼڰнӴ
ŷչǿʵߣòڼɻ壬ڷ̹ϵȴУĪ˵ǣʯԼǸˣҲὫԼɺڷ̵İ塣
Сӣ֮ǰ˵Щƾ޾ݣĳԷŹ㣬ٲǵ飬ڷйأһ˿ϵǽҲԲŹа˵Żδ߶֣ԿϢһš
ϣ˵˵ȥҪඣý׺ûĳͻһ½ǣŤŤӣڴ֮
Сӣĵ̣Զ븮ۡԿڷ֮󣬱ǿ̲ݻ׼ɱʯ
裬չ˺̡ʯʹ˸ɫ漴һ˲⣬Į
״ԿһĸȥһĹ˱ǳ뿪ȺһƬƽԭϿա
ԿѣϷ˵һ¡һ
£
ҪˣŹĪ˵ǻɱµˣڷеҩףڷ̣̿ҹ񡣡ЦЦ
ʲôа׳󣿾治а֮ˣҲãҵв̫󡣡Կһʯǰ
˶̫죬ʯԭûҪӡ
¿ڿƺڷΪа̣ڷɱ޹Ȩǿðչݹӡ£ʥƺЩǿӲ˰ɣ
ʯĳ̲ףɱ˵ͽ׹£λӣҿǲа񡣡ʯȻǺڷ֮ˣӴʥʹߣвûʲôøУòڷ·


ٶʮ ͬ
ߣҽѵϷСҿк̤ͣһ֣һɫƥӭն
ϹŽޣɫһһץһѺɫУ漴źɫƥһն۵һǽǵƥ顣
ʼ߻ΪĮʲôϢ˺һԭ䱾ûȻһϹŽޡ
ǿĮߵһ֮촽սⰻȻ
ͽˣԼҶ֡δ䣬Įȳźɫӭͷնȥ
ߣϹŽ֮ǿᣬսͻĳһߵҲ޾ɫץűӭһ
ʣ
漴ǻһĿϼһ֣µӡ
Įû֣ͣٴγ˹ȥкڽ̶ֱԷʺ
ߣսˡһߣбһᣬֱӵĮкڽ
Ȼ䣬ĮһŤƵһ࣬붼ĺһȭȻЩ⣬Ӧ㼸飬æȭΪƻߡ
صһ
ŵŵţߺȻɫѿĵ߰˲֮࣬бǱĮһɣ֮ǰĮһȭȻֻΡ
ɱУȻ߳һţ߷ʤһ֮ҲʵСһߣҪǣоӡ
ͬ˰ߣçкУͬСӹҼһ㣬ߣʶһߵͨϼ޻һսԷ׼ʩչͨ
ֻ߱΢΢һȻΪСƣȻĮһնȥ
Įû˿飬кڽǰһӣৣɫСӿ漴ڰջΪһСĺɫ⽣
һһʵ˲ײһ˳ǣǰѺɫ֮Ȼɢȵصסʵ屦
޵ĽȻⲻ𣬽β٣ʱԿԵ̾һ䡣
ˣʯƣԿһʯ˹ȥ
˽Ըʯæڵ
ιһСӾͱȽҲź۷尡ҲҹˣƲƲ죬·ԸӣжȴǲͣҲû˿֮ɫ
ովסԿʱʯԹۿƬ̣Ȼ·磬ʱڲ޴󰭣漴ŷϡ
ְɡʯ˵漴ǰһ壬Ҳʩչκαıƴ֮ʯ촽΢
ŷ˫ĿһУۼĵ˵ͷ˶սԽսԽԽԶʯǿӵļƲߣŷеԶ
һĹ˳˻Ӧ룬ٴηɶƬ̺ͣ
ŷ֣ʮ겻û뵽ֳʯ΢΢һЦ
ʮ˰ɣұʥߣѾʮˣû뵽ʯڴķˮ𡣡ŷп
ŷʥģʯһ䡣
˵ؼ£ȴһǿдߣһİĵطԴ빦ҩ㡣
ֻһ仰ʴﵽԲſɷɽϡͿľ͵ʥŷ
ŶǿץߣﵽԲ뿪ʥǳԴһ顣ʯɫ
Ǻǣʯֻźõһ棬꣬ʮ겻գֱҪ˱Ʒ裬ֻвƴﵽԲɽ
ЩֱӱƷ裬Щ˽ʱʧҲЩҽ׳ɹ¾һĻʯҲˡŷ㻺
Ǵ˷ǳĿģǶԸʯĳʯһ䡣
ǵǣŷҡҡͷʥֻԺڷ̣ӲԸˣǶԻ壬ҲӲǿûԸѡǷܿӹ˵Ĺӡ¡
Ŷûô򵥰ɣʯ¶һ˿Ц
ʯѶʥЩ⣬Ҳڷ̽Ӵʱ̫ѾаͬˣԲŻֺ֧ڷ̶Կʥŷɫ
ŷҲˣʯĳûֺ֧ڷ̶Կʥ˵ҩףʯĳҲ㣬ΪԱΪ˻øȷʵõҩڷ̳ΣʥϰңʯĳһԽҩ͸ʥġʯ֣ص
Ϊζʥƫŷ׷ʵ
ΪǵǿѣΪĺֻӴʥ֮ˣңʯĳʥβøУʯһ䡣
ԽԽ࣬ԸͬһЩʥ飬ͱ㣬ҲȫΪ˸Լһ±ʥ޹ءŷ˵
ȴǴʥţıȷʵʥˣѵΪĸ˶ԹͲƽʥˣô˵ҽɱˣʥҲ鷳ʯʵ
ȿȣɱʥȻˡŷ
ǲͶˣȻˣʥңζʥкӡѵûˣΪֺԭȥͷϴʯĳʯɫ
ڲðڷ̣òڷ֮£ʥŷ˵
ʯĳ֮ǰû˵ʲôʥѵʱ򣬺ڷ̰ңȻһЩôʱģʱң
ʥĳֵʱһұ𣬾̰ʯĳĹ裬ʥŷվҵ˵ֻ˵ұڷͬˣ˵ϴˡʯ̾Ϣһ
ʯѣ̫Σˣڷ̵а̣ƻģΰа̵Ĵڷ̵Ľ̷ùҶĲȡ
еĵطһЩͽҪƷƽĻʳЩͽ£ܹɷ嵽ʹС
˺һҵĸðȵĹҲٰȣսʯѵΪ˰룿ƾڷ̺Ϊŷʵ
ʯЩĿ˿ŷ㣺ŷ֣û뵽㾹˵ĴʯĳȻǺܶ飬ѶǷǡ
ͽֻһۼƽ̨ûкڷ̣ǿҲƷʳĲƽհҵЩͽλ岻ѹڷ̣Щ
ѹѵа׳󣿡ŷ㷴ʵ
ŷֿڿ˵а̣ڷʲô£Щͽˣ˵ǿûԸѡǷҪӡӹˣʯĳЦˡ
ϲֻҪĳҲҪǿġˣνġҲǸ߸ϵʥ֮˱ٿصġ
ֻҪΪʲҪӡ£ڹͿܹ벻ҲУҪǽˣܿڹĹס֣Ϊǹӡ˹ˣѵŷûпǹʯ˵ԼĲ²⡣
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ʯʼ磺ŷ֣ϣҪΪ£֮Ľ飬ڷʥ飬ʯĳ޹أ֮ǰֻ°ˣû뵽㷴ӦУˣ֮ڣǷϢ


ٶʮ ʥĹ
ǰڵӣŷ˵
ǣŷӦüʯ˵ͷ
˼Ƭ̣ŷ̾Ϣһ
ʥκ飬ǶܶģǴʥĹءŷ㿴˿ʯ
ŷָ֪ʯĳԲ𡣡ʯɫ
ȴЩܵŷ˵ֵ֪ԼϣգһǲԼеϣɾˡ
Ǻǣ֮ˡŷ˰֡
ȷʵʥһϱȽ⣬ҲЩλòʥΡŷ㿪ڵ
ȻʥʯɫԼһŵڷ漴ȻʥΪβԼ
㻹ûн״Բ뿪ʥʯʵ
Ǻǣһǰ׵ģҲˣ˵˷صӦٹŹŷ㿪ڵ
Ŷ˵һǰܺڷ̵ˣе㡣ʯЦЦ޲ھͷɹȥ˼ĺ˶
ܰɡŷ˵ͷǰû
ǺǣʯЦЦˣ˵ÿһǺ⣿ȻˣҴﵽ˴ԲΪҲû𣿡
ɣŷüҪɣΪԼͺɣȻҪʥߣƾԸﶼߣǿ¾ͻ˹ء
һǸս״ԲɽģǸ䣬һģĸңǱ㲻뿪ĳҷΧ
ȥ飬Ļ±ȫɣߣʵȥطˣһһʥڴ¡
ԲȻҪ˿ţʯЩ⡣
ǺǣʯĪΪԲ޵еĴˣʥ̫ã֪֮֮٣ԻʱɣҪͬ
ʥĹǣһʥҪУֱԲſʥˣһϣǱ£һλ¡
³ƺǵΪߣǵһɽʱ򣬻һЩߴЩˣԼһϡ
ܻŵˣǻصʥԻʽʥƣ£ÿʮ꣬ſ뿪ʥһΣֻ֧꣬Կڷ̣Э֮ìܡ
Ȼڼ䣬ǿѡһЩʲӣԼ£һʮ£ǰһӶŻ
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Ȼˣʥ£Щµ£ѳʮ˰ɣӦֻһ޷ɳ롣ʯһ䡣
ǺǣʯѲ̫ףνʮ£ǴﵽԲ֮ͨŵĲǰһߣȷʮλ£ЩǿĴڣŻ˳Խʮ˵¡
һһŻԼ²ʮˣҪɫˣż򵥣̫ѣ֪£ΪϣЩ˲Ž϶ֱ࣬γΪ˳ϡŷ㽲
ȻԴã˶һЩ˾ǣһٸͽףܻмʮ˳ɹ״ԲġʯɻΪԼԵȨɣȻҪˡ
ʯΪԼţ㿴˭˭ʧܳɹνʥԼĹأȻԴãһʧܵˣ;ˣǾͻ۵һ¡
һҲҴ͵Լԭ±۳ƽӹһȴҪ۳һ£˷ʱԴŷɫ
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ʲôϺ֮꣬ǰǿӽǰΧģɫһ˵
֪ƺЩˣߣ֣һ߳źӮ˰˰֡
Ӯ˲ûжǿԶǿӣʯһֱûпڣޱĿǿ
˼Ʋߵȷߵ˼ǿɫһ˵ţǿȴʼ磺ֻĳɲ˰ڲ֮ˣֻܽƾͼˣ
ԣһ㶣漴Ӧ
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ʯˣŷ׽ɱ⣡ǿӰ˰֣漴һսԶƮˣ
ǿҡߵĻû˵꣬ܵĹǺ˹˷ǣԿĮԸŷ㣬ʯսߡ
ȻɲǵսܻаԪȻʯڳҺҺ˶ǣƹҲ˵ֿΪ
ʯĮԵ쳣ɣʱʱĿ˵ˡ
ʯźΪһâܰ˪ߺȥû£һӴѹǽͷ
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һ㶣漴һ֮ɫǰЩʱռʯŷƴ֪ʯ֮һ㣬Ըû۷ʯϡ
ȻֵܵסûõŷǲԼǧԲ֮ȣֱǲֵһᣬ뵽ȭͷգӭʯ
صһ졣
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ʯɫһһĶͷâһ֮£һͷ׺İɫͻְգӭ籩»Ϊ˰֮ޣտҲѣ
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ȻԶǰ˶ˣǰԪɢԸˣֻʣʮҵӣԻɱⲣǱһЩˡ
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ҪԼǿ´˷ûˣҲҪСս
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ʾ˫ĿһУûô£ɨһ۾޽Ż磬ɫһݣǺ𣿡
˵϶ͣ߸Ҫֹ֮һ٣ֻֿܹܵƻǰֵ˹Ӱ
صһ죡
Ӱնڶ֮ϣ漴Ѷޱ߻̼ϯգΧ룬ˮԹȫתȻ޷Ϩ˵档
ʯס֣ɱߣ˺㿼ŷȻһʯҪ֣߳һ֮뵽ж˶٣


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ݻ֮УȴҲû̫Σա
ŷ㵣֮ѵһ仰ȴʯһʥԼл˴˻á
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ʯ飬泤һһհ졣
ʯչؿ¯Į֮£뿪ڣԼ顣
̶µʱ䣬ʯƳ˴ķԪֻǿٵҩ䲻òֹͣҩ
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ʱ䣬ʵΪοˣۿ˸Ƚ׵ĵƷʣȻǧЩ©ԼԿģܱ泤ϻ㱨׼ȷ١
ѡ໯ʲˣֱӷ֦ԪϾһﵽ˴Բķ
˾ϲǣԲУҲһЩ˷˷ԪϳŵԺֻҪ˽ԲԷŷԪ
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ΪûȽϣϾͲһΣ
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Ҫǻǰĵ˻¶ãʱȺŹ£˫ɣţճϹշ
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ҪԪԶ֣ǹ˽죬ĹȻͲˣϾԷʮʵʵڵķԪڡ
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ͬһʱ䣬Ƶȡҩʯ֮ǰĴҲûʵ֮С
ǰո㣡ʯһ¯Щ׹ڵأʯ˲ͷĺЩε˵һ䡣
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ҵҿǰҵĿ˰ɣʯӡ
ҲңžšһЦʦֵҲ˿˼ݣҲԿԿ˸ܺá
ˣⵤƲˣ㰮˭˭ҪɣʯֻˣҲֲʯǧ˵ʯĵҩǻһ̨Ҳð
Ҫǣʯ󲿷ʱ䣬Ͷŵ˴ҩ档
ʦ֣ôˣأ˵Ĵ󻰣ҲŸ˵ǰ֤ԪոãһŹ˳֮°꣬ҲҪҩЩŵġЦЦ
ʯ۽һεͷڵת˰죬оâһ
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Ǻǣҩǰ˵Цˣڵ壬ǲ̲ģȻԸΪڵרʯĳܸ˴еĵ뾭ģṩҩ뵤λ֡ʯЦЦҩ˫Ŀһ


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伣ĺڷ̣ڴٴγ֣Ҵҡڵ̷ٲκ赲ֱ
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ǿƹӴˣԺڷ̳˴ţڷ֮ӿн˵صǬԪ½벿Ӫ̬ȣ

󣬵壬ĳӴķʽҩ԰ڣ
ʯɫ΢׵գ˫ƽ죬΢գܱɫҺ建۶ɣΪιڵϵҩ֮ϡ
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ȻһʯԼҩϵĻϣʱ䣬ҩʯȡһһҩ
ϽģһһеķԪ鵤ԪҪ߽׵ҩн׵ҩˡظĵҩ
ʱ䣬ȷʵˣȻƷԪﲻͯշƵĳɹʸߣҩĻ˵츳³ʯǴһˣɾܼ
һ죬ʯٴոһҩ֣֮طԸöԪָһöҩ㽻ͯ
öװȫǵҩԪϾзԪ赤ҩУϿͨ͸Ԫϣһö档
ǣףڵˣɲİʯڣû١۸ֻ󷴱ϷŪˡ
뿪ʯйϢ̷˼Żظĵҩٴοʼ컯¶Ĵҩҩ԰ˣҩ磡

ʯûûҹĴҩҩΪʯڲֻҪ۷壬ͿԷ֦֪ԪϾԲͿԷ
ֻҪﵽ˴ԲԪɷÿСҪĵҩҲкܶ࣬һڲչ
һΪԪϾԭǧԪϾתۼǧ˳Ϊ֮ǰڣﵽǧ֮
Ŀֵʱ䲢Ϊ⼸ʱУһԲ֮ˣɹͻƿ˷Ԫڡ
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ٺ٣ĵѣиλǰĹȳϣһˣҪϵİţҲûʸЩ顣
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㡭ĵɫ΢ŭ೤Ҳɫѿ
ȻԭǿԷַôҩרıչģ벻ĵϷҲû취ԪЦ
ôܸϷһĵʵ
ǣҲԪˣôܸǷԪһʵ
ܼ򵥣ȥܲϸרΪǽĵطŵѾȥˣҷԪˣ˫ɵҲȥˣҩѾš
ϸطޣ߽׵ҩҲ࣬ҪȥóˣλöûˣҩҲѸ㵽ˡԪ˵
뿪Ĺȣȥܲĵɫһ
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λϿ֮󣬲ɷ׷¶Ľʺ޵ı顣
뿪ԺĵС졯ĹȵˣĵҲܷ㣬֮˵أҲĵ˷ŴԼ֦
ֲܲһĴôȥܲΪʽϣܵҩôǼĵԪ΢΢һЦ˵¶֮ɫ

󣬿޽ϣԴһûκ֮󣬲ų˻ȥƽʱӲãΪ˵ֿһεģʵǴþˡ
ҹڴҲһ̣ǰĸţڵڷֲҩȣ˿ֱܲĴ
һ죬ʯոһҩ֮󣬱˵棬ʱûϢһũӣ䲻¶Цʯ׼úõһȻԪԲƿæôãҲֵԼ˽ʱˣ


ʮ ŷ㴫
󣬴
ڷ֮⣬һǻ壬ӵʳǣ°Ԫ߾ηĸ
ڶڣ꣬Ϊ꣬Ϊʱ䣬ڵ˳˱չؾǱչأ˭Ҳж˳ɳ
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Ƿ׼ȷκҲ֪ǿȴЩסˣڱϵʵѾԼˡ
ҪǣھȻյҲټ塣
ǰѡˣǶǾԣڸѡӣΪĽ
Ҳ֪˼ͷҪȥֻϧ岻мһˡ
ڣԴŵӼͿԷŵҩ÷ӵ˼ڣν
Цʲʲôôô׵ҩ
ʦȥڡ
ϣȥ裡
壿ȥ˰ɡ
һĻǿʼδʵ޷ʯЩԴǰ˵壬ҲЩҩģĵţҲô洢
ԭΪƿʯӣһԼʹãڣ嶼ڵררŸӳṩҩ
ǰ󵤶ѣڡ˱˵ȥ˵

ͬһʱ䣡
һƬޱߺһӴıɫƯϣߴľ˾Ĵڵ֮ϣ𵭽ɫ˻
ɽˮ㣬޳Ⱥļ紺ٻţƣʹõ˼ɫʣ˼ɾһ㡣
һư磬̻Ի͵Ľɫڵĳ⣬͹־Ų㣬ÿһ㶼аɶߣŲֱ֮ɹһ㲨׳
ԶԶһۣҲޱȣְƣܱͨȡ
ڣĳ侲֮У̴ƣװεš
һŰµӣؾصվſڣʯٴΣϳˣǸջָƲõߣ
ˣһ鵭ɫ쳣ۣһ鷢׵ߣ˫Ŀ봹ƾĬɢһļµѹȸУ
׳ϣĳƺת볤Ҵǰڷ̳׸ߡһ߿˵
׷ͬûһ㣬ûһ£
׳ϡߴߴһ䡣
Ƭ̺󣬰׷˫Ŀ΢̧ͷ˵ǬԪ½ޱߣССĹҲΪƫƫһʽĴģ
кڷֺηкڷ̵ĹҶˣȫǸߣߣǻ֡
⡭߶˶٣ǴѾѱ䣬Ͷ˺ڷ̣һʯСӣҲ˺ܴãڷ̡
ʯǻʥǰǳһĪ˵ڷ̣Ǻڷ̵ֺηܽ˶ĺڷ֮ȫϾɱɣ
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壬ĳ侲ڣ
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׺Ӧȥϻȿˣ뿪Ϊж幦˷֮ӦÿԴȥˡʯ΢΢һЦ
Ȼ˷ٴνʧܣʯҲ׼ȥҪǻع֮һֱæµʯȥһˡ
йԼû㹻ʵ֮ǰʯҲʥ޷ֻԼʵǿˣ㹻ĺ֧ţȥԼ顣
ʯרɫһȻӵŷ㴫Ϣʯ֮󣬲ɵоһɫ


ʮ ʳǷ粨
ʯ˿ŷ㴫Ϣ΢΢ü漴뿪ң
һ㹦󣬵ڣʯҩСͽܣϣ׷׳С
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棿ҩɫһϲΪʯǵʯԴԴϵҩӦ
ҩҪǻߵĻҲͰ׻ǧˣȻʯδҩҩҲʯȻһģΪ֪ҩ
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ȻʱҪĵҩҩǰˡʯ˵ͷ
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ǣţӦһص˵ͷ漴Զߡ
ʦȥʲôҪҪҽʦͬУɫ
ǺǣˣûʲôΣգֻȥһ˻ʹѣʯ˰֣ٶԣ漴ŴݻʳǷȥ

󣬴ĴʳǴſڣ
һӶ׻ֳǹԪһĴѲӣſڽ䱸ɭϣκ˵Ī˵ȥǿѡ
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һ±˼ҲȥڵŵӣҲԸö֮ҲͻķˣԹְͣǾȫʳפˡӳ̾Ϣ
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ŶǺãʹȥӳȻ֪ʯǿĽ飬漴ʯ˻ʳǴţ׻ֵ
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˲ʱȴʹûӳ˵ʳ̫󣬻ʹȴǴڻʳĴһʳڽκηУ
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ʹȻɭϣʯ˿޴ĹȻµóǻʹˣ
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ʯԼȥǿüЩ
ȻʯĳԼȥӣϾн¡ˣʯĳ˷ǰһС͸ǿѣԸԽԽʢҴճΪʯ˵껰ֱӶһöԪָ
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ʯĽָװصģٿʮöԪԼʮöЩҩǿûսһء

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ܱ㣬ýֱӵ
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ٺ٣߿ˣΰֻΪӹȫʥ
ʥʹ٣Ҳֻ˵ԸѣȻЩʱǻ漰⣬ˡΪϾΰҲΪ棬Ϊȫвǳһ֮һϣ˵Ҳ˿ʾ
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һߣ˵ĻǾЩֻ֣дߣСԼţԲܷŹȻǸʯҪģԱϣ˫ĿһеĿ˿У


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ʯܽһЩ飬漴뿪̣صڣ
ʯҩƴƴҩũÿǴӴҩ⻹һλصš
ȻʯҲɽŽЩǿǱԼԤ룬ǲ̫Զ
ţ
μţ
һ·ϣһЩֵصӷ׷׹ʯɲǰĴˣĪ˵ڣҲȼ硣
ʯͷӦһŴУ߻ϣֱһ۵ԼһϮȹӡ
˶ɣϹϵϾΪϣҪмõˣͺñԪԼʦϣԼϵ˾͹ϵ
ţӷ׷׹վ
ؿˣ°ɣﵽ۷壬Ҳˣѡˣȷʵʯÿɷ˵
лſ佱ͬ˵¶ǰ˻Щнġ
Ǻǣʦ֣ˡЦ
ʯһЦݣпһ£ôҸ깤Ϣ£ҩûˣҲõл˵ˡ
ʦˣЦĿɲ£鷳ԼɣһЦ漴⣺ʦ֣ǰһƵĵҩȷʵӦΪԲĳ̫ࡣ
ʼѡʺõĴԲ˷ѵҩڵʱ͵ҩǷԪĲֱƵࡣ
ҲˣѡʣǿݷŵҩԲˣõ˷Ԫڸս׵ԲҲһ˵ҩϾ뻯
󣬵ҩԽԽ࣬ԲִȴԽԽ٣ֱһǰھͼûԲˡ
ʦٶ̫죬һҪ״ԲɲһһϦ飬Ҫҩֻܴ
Ԫ֮һﵽ˺۷壬ᷢЩرõģҲǰҲʣ²١
ԪһϸЩϼһڵƵԼԪ󲿷ֶԪȥЩ̲ųϵˡЦЦ
ŶЩſз֮ˣУϸʲô˼ʯ̶ֶûڿָı䲻١
ԪϲһϣԲܵϵĳˣȫӵһԻϸ
ʼΪΪʽϣҶܸˣǷϸ󣬲޷ԤڵƽʱԼҲ١
ҪڣҲ֮ʵǳϸ˵úһϵ÷ʲôҲøɣҩͿ޳ӦȻôСԼǰҲȨˡ
ԪڸڣѡһЩԪϾܽӵţȫΪЩ˶أȥͭЩҲû˲
ϾЩԭǸĵӣΪڻ㲻ʲôǵЩС֮УߴˣЩԭų϶ˡ٩٩̸
ԪϰЩ飬Ҷˣˣжı仯ҸоԪֶ˲ٰɣϾԲûˡʯʵ
ٺ٣ţҪ׼һЦ
ģŲңʯƲƲ죬Լʲôûֹ˫Ԫսڴǿ϶붼ġ
Ȼ¶֮ɫţһԪԲ̲ķԪٶˣ
ʲôٶˣʯ׼ôһӴ֣һ½ɭϵĻʹҲ׾ˡ
ȻǰǴ߹ûлط£
ĵˣԼŷҲ״Բ֮ˣʵԲˣҲǰΣΪ淢ġ
ڲٶԪнǧˣԪϾӴǧˣûϵͳƣΪԪϾÿ춼
Ҳܿ죬ֻǴﵽԲŷԪҪģȴӵĺɫ
ٺ٣Ŀ๤ûаװ˷ѣʯο
žͳһһߵʵڸҪȻƾԭҲЩ˵ġЦ˵
ֻϧʱ̫̣ȻٶԪĴ»ٶ߹Ҫʥ˱ǲóһˣԽٶԪ
ԣʱǻдսıչΪһҪʱ򣬱ȻҪһʯɫһ˵
ףŻˣҪ˵һ㶯˽Ů¶һĿ˿ʯŮӣ󣬻һŽȹٻӰһſɰ


ʮһ ߵĺ
ʯ磬ʮûˣҲȥңһɫȹŮԽӣֱʯԡ
Ȼʯһ֮кüϣȴûһ˸ǰüҲûгֹ
ףԭССѾͷôˣʯ΢΢һЦȹŮͷһ֮ɫ
ŮĳСʮȥŮҲǰСΪ˳
˼Ҷ㻹˼ѾͷС죬һ˵ӣȴһܵĸʯůƣƾԼ㷢ϻ
ҲǣСǴѾͷˣ䣬СҲʮ˰ɣʯЦеĿС
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Ȼ䲻СʼڻʹȻͱűչλ˲࣬ӴҲ٣ԻǷݺĴ档
Ǻǣˣˣô˿أˣСȻҲ׵˷ԪʯʯһһֻԪָС
ʲôСһҲ⣬ùԪָ֪ɨ˼£漴С¶ϲ֮ɫ
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С֪ʯóļ͵ҩǿɲǿ᲻ãǿԼҲѸ㵽ÿȥ壬ҪܵõŶѣյϼѣΪϸȫ
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˵˵ɣ㿴СѾͷôʱܳĸ粻£ʯЩһ䡣
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ףÿɰСһСϽ첲ȥһ㣬ɫС˳ƿСؿڣǰરſˮ
㣬ʲôʱģ޳ܵļһȥʯ״һӺߣָŽ
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ȿȣСڳ㡭ʯ˿СԴСؿڣٿ˿СһЦݣӲĽ˻ȥ
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ͬһʱ䣬
ʳڼһ񲿶ӣһӴ죬ŴƺƵĳˣǸߣޱĿŻ
Ҫкڷ̰⿿Щºѵֵ˵һλ£֮Ǵ˺ڷ̣˷ҸڽԸܶʤ㣬ٺ٣˵Ż߱ȡһöŷ


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ӣҲܽ⣡ʯ˿飬̾һ
ŮЩѣʼǵʯ飬Щܣηҩ֧壬ܿơ
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飬ҸɣһЩҲҶ˵½⣬ڽ٣˵ʵڰ첻ʯ˵
ΪΣΪѾӣҴߣˣҲټ˵Ǵͻƿͻ֮޷԰Ρ˵ԶЩ
飬ûţʯɫһ˵
ʲôӻڣһ
ԣҲܹ㡣ʯ˵
㲻ܹ㵱ΪҪҡЩ˵ȥϺܵγѪ
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ˣ߰ɣ˷ˣ˫һɣһӺйһ㣬˵һ䡣
ʯɪıӰ΢΢˫磬ԼǰľӨʯǰӵ뻳УñΪԼѹ
ֻǣһ뵽ʯ
ǣҾȻȥˣŹ˵Ҫ飬Ȼȥһ£ʯ磬ֻ˻ݹһķԶ
һ˵ϣȣ۾Žż⣬Ҳ֪Щʲôӿѡ

ʯ磬ôŻʯһСסʯ䲻š
ٺ٣⻹˵˵ɣ֮ǰ˵Ҫ£ʲô飿ʯЦЦ
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ûɣҪʦʲôûУССڸʲôʯʼ硣
ܼ򵥰Ϳ˦ĸβͣԺ˳ĸʯߣҲõҵİΣˣСһЦ
ȿȡʯɿһ
鲻ô򵥣ڵӣߵı֣ҲߣһҪġʯ˵
ҲܣҾû㻹ҪּСпĵ˵꣬ȴоһ뿴ʯ
ּʯһתɴ磬ҵͷˣеĻԼȥ
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𰡣˵㡭ʯĻû˵꣬ȻһһöŷУһʦɫ˲
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ʲô˵ôô󰡣ܴ𣿡СҲЩԣ֡
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ͬһʱ䣬Снâһʯ׷˳ȥ
ѽСҲûˣҲ˵ܻҰųԿˣߺߣСݺݵص˵ͷǵ˹һЦ

һ棬ǿ֪ͨʯȥʹ棬ֱȥĴǳκһû崫󣬱ɴ͵߹κһָص㡣
һ䣬ʯǴһݵѣι󣬱ǳ㴦ı߹ء
˿̣ڷֿʵ̫࣬ǷԪаˣҪ֪þٹ֮б߹
Ǵ߹ҲòˣͲ̫ˣɳİԪԵֵ
Ҫ߹ظߴĳǽԼֽƣˣ͹ˣˣڵֵҲǳ
˿̣ǿһԵֻϰâһʯӰֶ״ǿɫһϲ
ʯѣˣǿЦ
ãȻ͹ˣˣսΣʯһ䡣
ȥǰ֪ˣǿ˵껰ʯ뿪˴ֱӷɵ߸ߵĳǽ֮ϡ
ǰԪԼٶһɱڣսⰻȻȻѵصĽʿ뼺չս쳣ҡ
󷽣ɫӰ˷ֱһЦߣԼɫȻŷ㣬ӣʯǿûм
һˣһλŰɫȹòȵŮӣϲ˿飬粻ʳ˼̻һ㣬һɳ֮
ʯŮ֮󣬱鵱̣ǾϲǼ˷ܵԱӸһĻĻٴԺи֡
ԣ㲻ǸŴŲŮ˵ӰһδмڣǰӰںϡ
ǰȹŮӼʯ֮Ҳ΢΢һ㶣˿ûбϣ¶˾ΥϲЦݣкεĴ뼤΢
㣬㣬𣿡ʯҲȦһ죬ʮȥ֪ٴк֣һֱĬĬչԼҪԼŮˣ
ңҲ̲סҸˮ㻬䣬ǰʯֺγԼ˼ĺĶ
㣬ҲҪֿˣ
ãģ˽΢ЦȴҸˮһȥǺһ̷ɵһ𣬽Էӵ뻳У룡


ʮ 
ʯһĽ̸˴һЩ׼ŷ㣬ҲɵԸе⡣
ǿǣʯȻһ棬ߵǣԴʥ֮󣬼û˼Ц
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ʯ൹ҲƵӢȻûʲôԺյݣһҲ
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ͻһĻʮ⣬ҪֹҲ֮ʯȻͶ룬Ҳһֱߡ
ˣһȭʯû̫⣬Ͼ֮ͲԼĶ֣
صһ
ȭ䣬ʯûжȫǽһȭˣԼһΣ޴󰭵ӣϤʯ֮˵Ȼ㲻ʲô
Ƕ˲˵ֱţʯԪ۷壬ȻֵܵùԪԲ֮
ңԲʥˣҪ֪ʥÿһλԲǿǾѵģսʵԶͨͬ׿ɱȡ
ǵˣʯսʤĿɲʥ£һϣ͸ʥ֮ˣΪԲҲ֮ϻߡ
ʯڸ߿մмȴһǽ֮ս֮£ȴöԲ
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ߣǸʲôüһʵԭʯ飬߳ɢתΪ΢ŭ
ӣϷʲôˣѵʥĵˣסΣȻ˸ûʲôˡ
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ٺ٣㲻룬ȻԸڷ̣ʯΪλ֣ѵѼڷ̵飬һҲ֪˵꣬ɫȻһ䡣
˵а̣ʵĿתĶʯʯһʱ򣬴ûгֹڷ̡
ʯʱڷһ֪ˣ
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ٺ٣ôӦ˵˰ɣЦЦ
Ҫ˵ʥػǬԪ½йڷ̣뾡һа취Ԩܰа˵ɫ
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ʵ࣬Զֻһ̿˵ģɲһġ
һθ㽲ģҲһģĸףǱ˼Ľ汲ԼģСα
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ʲôǴҲһе˺һǷɵʯʯź󱳣Χʥͬ飡


ʮĻ սħ
ûкڷ̵ˣݰ˿ߡ
ߣ֪ʲôЦĿ˿ΧǱܴǰͻϮǿҲǺ޷ڷͬʱҲϲֻһʤ
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ǿԶһʮţм󷨽ơ
ǳû͵ϮҴֱǿڷ̣Ǹа񡣡ǿ˵
Цһߣϻ˵Ƚʯץģȥǿ˷Ҳһ룬ûд˹֧֣ڷӦþͺܺûˣǺ޷ٳ֣һڷѶ
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Ȼ䣬ԭĳǽڳһȱڣӿֳһƬɫ̼ϯ˴Ƭռ䣬溰ɱϡ
һ̣ߵ˷Ӧڳ԰ټƵĺˣǷԪڣмǰо
ԪİΧߵˣ۵ʵǿǿѹѹȺͷƤ顣
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ʯһߣȭ֮£һҡ
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ȻɫҲǹϼȻܲɫ԰׵ʯ
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ۿŽɫƼʯڷ˶Ԯȣʹ˸ɫ˵ǿȥ
ٺ٣ʣҲͷˣǽ֮ڽʯСӣ߲ǻǧϣһ֮Ȼðڷ֮æҡ
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ǺǣڷʥʱϹ㷢кη浱Һڷ˲ɣңҲʥģֲýĳҶ֣ڣ¡Цһ漴´˹


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ţۼŷ㣬Լͬ鱻ڷ̰Χһļʱ΢΢һ䣡
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ÿһޣһԼıͨҲǿһͨ޷ıͨ
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Ȼ»Ҫۿ޵ȫòʯܱϣʯԽԽԭޣҲڷһ֮·ʾһ㡣


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಻ĹŪñֱƾŬȻ޷ѡ
ۼʯ޴Ĺͷ­һڣ֮һſŰ೤ֱĴ۶ϡ
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ʯоһƺŲֺҲЩΧռΪ֮һ䲻һ컹ǲƽһѾֲˣͨҲô̬


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ףʯɫһ
󸽽ٴζ˼߰׹ǣеʬױ˺ҧĶһһ飬ɢڵ
еİ׹ڽƹֱԵǰҪӽȥֻϧ֮ڡ
Ҫû󷨷ԼγȻϣЩʹȥˡʯ˿ܣ˵˵һ䡣
ȻҲмֻ޻񣬵ǸоʯϢ֮󣬶ǵѡߣеԭû˫ĿʯƺЩģѰһһ㡣
Σûв۵ĸӽʯҲöܣһ֮£ǽ֮У̧һ㣬ʯɽĳʯѶ
ȴûκɽڣͨʯɽ
ʯһ۵һһɽʯȻ΢΢һ漴Ť䶯Ƭ̺ʧţΪһںĶڡ
ಡ
ʮֻܼʯԭ˵ڱʯһνƣⱻ׷֡
ʯһ룬ʧ˶֮С
˷ʯν׼ɫĻƺ󣬲ûֱƬȣϾܾһ̬̫֮ǿ
֮ǰ޶սĲСʯϢ˼죬оһʵָ۷֮󣬲ŻȾͷǵʯš
ˡ
ʯɲǣһصĽŲ΢΢ʯ˫ĿһУֻҵ޷߷£ֻƴ֮
ʯâһ幦ת£漴ųƻǰ߽ʯȡ
һɢŹͭɫܾˣʯȶ滺ɢһӴѹʯϴǰֻ֣֮һУ㽫Լֱײۡ
ֻǲ֪һΣǷ˳ˡ
һһâŹͭɫһնȥţʯȭһ»һ˲ܾˣɽֻһӰ
صһ졣
ܾ˴һ죬ɢͭɫϼһķ˺պʯβܾһȦʯǲɱСȭͷײһ


ʮ ս
ء
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ʯâҲֻԵֵƬ̣㱻ĵɶɳ֮󣬵ŵŵŵĵ˺ü֮ࡣ
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ж幦ӳ֮£Ҳ޷ⲣĹǿᣬҪǰٲܽܣΪǴȥˣʯü
ͨ˷ʯ֣ܲ뿪ʯȣֻʯ֮󣬵ֻҪʯӽһԽʯţܱᷢ
˿ʯȣʯɴཫ治ȫ߶ӵԼȫһȭ
ȻƻǱ棬ôʯ޷ӦԻֵܵһ
˫ƽǰ漴ǰһƣһɬѶĴâһţһɫͷŶ
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صһ졣
ܾһȭȵײ˺ˮͷһ˻֮󣬵ȻһѶʯǱ¶⡣
ܾҲòȥӴĺˮһײһĵˣŵŵŵ㵹ʮಽԼһЩ塣
סΣʯڱѿĳһʢһȭص˺޷ܾͷ­֮ϡ
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ܿ˿ûʲôʹУκξ¸ֻҪʯûܾ˱ǻһӰʯĿٴι
ʯһ֣һ˳ʯ֮⣬϶幦УʯûˣһʵѶԸ
ʯҲΣһտشʯֶζԸǾôһĵطʵս˲СƣԽӽֲܷӸе
ֲɵԭҲ֪ɶԲʯҲ֪ö˵һ䡣
˼Ƭ̣ʯԼҪȥƴһʤҲûУƴʯҲ˵ٷְսʤ
ȻûаգʯֻĬĬ̾Ϣһ뿪ȣʯҹرգȻαϴʱǿ˲٣һС
ǱʵʯԼǲ˲٣ȥԽˣʯĿռԽǺ棿ػܣɲտյɣϾ涼аġ
żΣʯϢɽ⣬һʯڷ׼ʹȥſ
ôһתĹʯȻһ
ʮǰڴ˵رչһͻƣȻʵΣ糢һ£ܷͻԽĺ蹵ʯɫһȻڴ˵سԲƿ
ƿʯʵ̫˽ˣѺѣ˵ʵҲǺǿǿһԲԸͨ۷壬ڻ¡
ҪȻƿ֮ѣҲ취ͻƣȴûмܹɹ
ܴﵽԲʼ㲻Ƭؼ䶥ǿߣʯ˿Զɽ;˫ȭȼ˵
ʥļ£λ֮ʯҲ˽⵽ǴԲЩʵҲǺܴġ
ͱ߱ŷǵ˶ǿŷˣǿ̫࣬ȣǼֱǲΣ
ҲգֻҪ״ԲԺ󵥶ߣϣҲԱ֮סӦò⣬ԲӦöʵСʯ²⵽
Ƭ̺ʯ˼󷨽ƣ漴˵棬ϢʮպһϢָ۷壬ſʼ˴Բƿн߬ţʱ׼ã


ʮһ ƿ
ɫ
ĳɫװʵľڣɫ¯ðɫһ鵭ɫ֮ϣһߣ
ͷ׷˫Ŀ봹һϢޣϹž޲·ڴ˵ؾ˼ǧһƺһܡ
Ȼ䣬ǰһֻˮ΢΢ų͵âһģĻ档
ü΢˫ۣˮڵĻ棬֮У¶Щǣ
ƣָ΢ƺʲôƬ̺оâһ
㲻㣬龹ƣȥδ֪˶Ѫ˵һ˼Ƭ̣촽΢
Ƭ̺һŰۣͷһźӰ˽ʥһϣԪԲΪǰȴԵ쳣н
ʩ񣬰ӹϣ֪кηԸ
ҪڳƺˣϷѾλ꣡߰˰֡
ǣ˾ͽϣ˵ͷͷ쳣ۡ
ϻ֮ǰ飬ˣ߻ڵ
سϣѾˣ˶٣ϻİ꿪ڵ˾ͽϣѾͷò
أ߰˰֣ǲҪԼ˽ҪϲУ˻ˣڽһ¡
ǰʲô

ʱ仺ţת
󣬶ϻȣڣ
żֻƿտҲʯڵһ֮ϣ˫ĿգһϢʱ񱩣ʱ
৵һ
ʯų͵Ĺϼҩ֮һϢȻﵽһ۷壬ƺǳֿܲ񱩵ʯȻӷɫ
˿˵ʯڣǷŷȵ͵ı仯˷Բɣܼȹο
ڻһƬ·֮ӿȣ캣Ĵ֦֮ϣճޱȣʱ۳Һ壬֮С
֦Ƿﵽ˽ǧɣһݵٶ֮ܵһ֮󣬱ʢһµ֦𻨡
ŽʢʯһϢԽԽǿҫ磬ɢһӴѹ
ɫԭܿɫ紦Щɫϣڣȴɫں
ȥɫȻɫȴʣɫҪɫںϣתΪɫһ
ڻֱܷɫǲɫϼҲ쳣ۣܶʮһһƺңңӦ
ƺΪ̫ԵʣǣҲȻҲһȦƺ̺Ҳǿ˲١
ԴԴϵ磬ƺҪűһ㣬ʯƣҲЩԲķƺߣҧĸֱ֨֨졣
Ȼ˿̵ʯһַʹ࣬ӶЩŤ
ʯȻû˽״ԲҲ˵û˭˵Ҫʹ࣬ԼƺѣܵʹҪȱ˷Ŵࡣ
жѣѾߵһ˵ʲôҲܷοɾͲһÿôˣ˵һʧܣͻ
ʱ仺ţʯҲȫʹ࣬Ƿһ㣬־Щģ
ʯĵһ˿ǿִȴƶҧ֣
Ҳ֪˶ãһ죬죬ʮ죬ʯԽģŤЩֲһϢȴǴﵽһδй۷塣
ƺǿ̫񱩣ʯԳܣһ˿Ҳʧȥǰһڵ˹ȥвʣ޿κΣԭһ;ޱȣ˭ܱ֤Լһ·ͨ
ʯʧȥʶǰһ̣ȻԺкһ
һը죬Ժ𣬷·ǳĳԭҲ磬˲䰲תҲͨޱȡ
ȻЩ飬ʯѾȫȻ֪ˣһĵ˵棬ʧȥκ֪

ʱ䣬˲ٵı仯ڣ½׵ķԪ֮٣ԭ׵ķԪڣЩʲģȴǴﵽڡ
йЩڻд裬սԪϣҲǲϵд轻ֻ粢֪Щ
ȴвСĶȽϹע
ǾڵɽţȻϴȫٵȫµĽ˵ǽ˵ƵĽʺϣֱǱһ̡
ؽɽŲûʲôҪǣǰǰ󣬲ó˶û󷨽ƣء
ҷֲͼ临ӣֵҲǷǳɭϣǻʹҲԱ⣬ȻڻûȫϣҲ֪˴Ĺ̽ϣһʲôЧ


ʮ ״Բ
ϻȣڣ
Ҳ֪˶ãһ΢ᴵʯָһ£һṦ򣬻˫ۣ
һӡʯ֪ԼҼһСҪȴһʹǣһŤ
һ֣ʯԭزӦһ󣬲漴˫Ŀһմڤ룬Ͷ֮С
Բҵĺ֮УʯõӰգ㶵ĿǰһС
ЩİЩϤ
زʯʵѾһˣ·֮Ѿͨĺ
ǣһƬףӿȣԲǧҵľ޴ÿһ˻𣬶һɶߣ
վڵƽ濴ȥһֺ嫣ӿޱ޼ʵĸо
ǿɿ֦һǧɸߣֱȲľ֦ҶïŨܵĲ͸ߣϽǧԪ⡣
ÿһ֮ڣ̺ſֲǧͬʱ治֪صĸ
۷Ҳٶ䣬ÿһСףֻӽٶѣԲȻӣѹִ˾ʵ˿ֲһˣɶԸͨԪܣʯɵһ죬о˴ԲĿ¡
̧ͷһʯȻһ£
ԭСɫȻʧȡ֮ģһʮɴС֮ɫսƣɿܿƵŤΡ
ȻʵⲢǰɫܺɫﵽĳ۷壬Ĺ̫ǿңԶԶȥǰɫһʵƫ죡
ʯϸһɵü
Ϊɫ֮Уߵɫӡ۲δȫȥȻܵȻʵڣϸԭɫɫ
ȻϸҲԷɫӡ۵ĴˣĿ׹ڵˣֱ仯֪ǺǻʯֻоЩԣ
սϼ̫ǿΧתĶʮǣҲӳĹԣǰ˺üǰͷ­Сֱҡ
һÿһ̺֮Ҳǿ٣ɢһĲ
ˣ֮ҫУҲ֦׳ӷ֦֮ϣѭٶȼӿֱ࣬ȵʯǰٶȡ
ڲתӵȻǰٶȻ죡ʦ˿սԼǲӿ
ʯɵƲƲ죬Ϊʵ̫ӴǷԲǧɣ֦ǧ֮ޡ
תӵǰСС磬ޱȣʱָΪҲܿ죬ľͿָ
ӴתӵҲ޼ЧǺԣΪʵ̫Ӵˡ
ǲеģۿڵı仯ʯһ¶οЦݣõӰʧ
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֮ôټϼֶ幦ʯ΢΢һЦһɨԼƤ棬͸ɫʡ
ףʯüЩɻǵ̽һ;ιؼʱ̽״󾳽ʱȻı䣬ųļǺɫʣλʹ˷ǻɫ
û˵˭״ԲųʵģټԼ仯죬ʯԽоЩԾԼܵʹֱ࣬Ǳ˿ĺü
ʱҪˣ״Բʲô仯Ͼûо飬벻׺ʯԲоǴڤ
৵һ
ʯɫϼۻ֮ʧ۹£һʯ㿪ʼĬָΪ
ʱ仺ţʯԭһ鸡ϢҲǿԼûʲôоԶһЩޣȴЩ쳣
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һһЩԪ޷׷׸оЩӶ΢΢ЩӣЩͽ޻һЩҲ׷Զݶӡ
ƺȼ˵һ㣬ʯһϢԽԽǿ޷׷׷ĽɢӣԲȻһֻ޳֣
º󣬲֪Щ仯ʯ⣬˫Ŀâ˫֮в֮һϢָ۷̬֮
״̬ԸӦöְˣٺ١ʯһЦܽ죬ɽ¶֮һûУ


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ޱĵһ㣬Զʯ˵һ¶˺Сͨ
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ͬһ㣬ƾǴͷôߣҲ˿Ҳûֲĸо
ˣʯĵ˵ͷƮȻ֮ڣ
ҲûзųκαʯǰУŶĴͷʯ
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ʯ𣬲ʯԼȴǺȻһ£Ϊ˿̵ĻЩֳһֵ֮ɫ
׺󣬻ǵûмӺȴøӱֱͬһ㱡ֽ·ֿƵӡ
Ҫ֪ǰÿһνףⶼʵ֣ԽԽʵսҲԽ̰ȫ
û뵽νף⾹Ȼñˣɫıˣ
ʯ룬ΪǸͷѾʯǰȰĴ֣ʯһĶȥ
ȭʯâתж幦ȫ߷һȭƺȥ
صһ졣
ʯֱһ飬ŵŵŵĵ߰˲סΣ漴˦˦Щľֱۡ
ٿܾˣӴĿͷһ֮£֮࣬淢˵漴סΡ
ʯһϲðȻҲӲȻȻЩƣûвһֱ֮ȫľʧȥս
ʯɲǣܾ˷˴һԼĻ⾹ȻûѶ
ȻɫЩʯ֮ǰԵظоղһҲ˲Сʯ˼ĸ
⡭ʯЩϲû뵽ôһ㱡ֽĻ⣬Ȼ᲻ɴݣҪ֪һ֮²·ԪʩչԪ֮һˡ
˵ھվŲƾ軤⣬ֵܵסԪʩչԪ֮ǵж죿棬Ҳ˵󻰰ɣ
ȻԪڱϾ̫ʵǿڣҪȫ⣬޷Ȼģˣ˵ȥҲˡ
룬ܾһγʯȨԶ⣬ټתж幦עı仯ӭܾٴκһȭ
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ˡ
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۵һ죬»һ˷ʯ˲ܾˡ
ȭͷײһʱʯΪݶҲߣͬݰһתƵ˴ͷһȭܾ˺󱳡
һ
ͷһ֮ǰһĵĳͨһſ˵棬ضΪ֮һ
ʯû˿ͣ٣һһâһɲɣϢɢţڰеõġʯԪϽ˰ա
ƽâһʢʯʯԪϽ·һնصһȵնܵĲ֮
ӴܸҪʯնĵطȻ鲼ѺۣܾתֻȻһ죬޴촦ڵһ
࣡
ܵͷ­һߣԭԵ˫ĿҲû˰
ʯ˿˵Ŀ˿ʯԪϽ˱Ȼһ߽ԪĶƣȴõ߶ϽҲֵˣ
֮ǰʩչܾ˵޷˺ʯ׼ʯԪϽԣû뵽ЧԪ֪֮ǿ˶١
ȻҲ׺֮һĻҲһɵĸɵⲡ
ܾ֮ǿʲô߶ģȫ񣬿ҲԷɣʯ˵Żûżȥңŵܾ


ʮĻ ŹֵĶ
ܸʯ֪һɨԭǲıʧһп
Ƭ̺ʯҡҡͷֱǿͷ­֪һɨ䲻˫Ŀһ
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ǿ˶ͷ­ɵʯǰ䲻˫ĿһУ˳Ųڶڣ̽ͷ­֮УƬ̺ʯȡһ鳤ξ
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ôССһ鳤̺Ŀֲȴʯо£ѻһСɽһڴˣҲ޷鳤Ӵ
ң֪ڴ˵شڶˣҴ߶֪ٴܣ̺Ҳʧ˲٣Ļ˵ڻҪֲ
ܱȣ֪ʲôƷ֣ʯֵ˵ֻ࣬ϧôһ飬Сִ֮˼ܡ
ֿܵԪֲ֮Ǵ߷ķҲӲ㲻޸ԭ״Ҳǲʯһ
ԪָâһȫһУʯת˿Զһʯš
֮УΪػʯţ˵ʲôʯǰһȭ˹ȥ
صһơ
ʯ˿ʯû֮ɫһʮֻƽܣ漴ûʧ
һһС򣬳ʯŽǰʯ֮ϣʯ΢΢һһööֶ
ƺ˿ԭЩĸһ֣ǱգٶȻʯŽȴǻƽ
ʯȴҲûţһʯԪϽϻâһɢһӴѹصնʯ֮ϡ
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ʯЩһѪƴƴĴѵΪ˺ȿڲ裿
ʯɵ۽һ鴤лŵرҷԭΪȴţܸ㵽һЩҾ徵Ĺ
û뵽Ȼ
ʯĿĵ˽һƨʯ棬˿ϵĲ豭¶Ц
ʯɲôģ֪ת֮£ÿһɨȥʯңһṦ򣬾ͱʯ˸顣
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ӦһλǰİɣΪȱҲ̫׽ŪˣʯЩ涼а֮ôһԪ֮οûУ
ô֣ôһԪ֮ıӺͲɣȻǷ˼ߣʯǹٻ¸Ԫָڡ
ʯĵӣ֮£۵һյΪĩĲˡ
Ȼҿֶ鰡ʯվ׼ȥ
仹ЩģǲȷǷ˼ߣͲ豭һʣʯЩģ׼ԡ
ǲһ۵һҲʧ䣬ʯŷ֣ԼҪֶˣǲʯͷӺ͵Ӵߡ
ʯûע⵽ÿʱԭ·ʯ棬Ȼһ΢Ĺ㡣
ʯ˿Ѿתʯ֮ȥ
һ̣ʯȻɫһоһ˿޵Ĳ
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ʯϣȻļƷһöɫһֻɫƿһСĳʯ壬Լһöʯ
ʯǲǴԼǰκ޷֣ǿǶ֪ģôһתĹЩƾնˣ
ʯЩɲĿ˿ܣǵû˿ϲɫ¶أʯɲţЩƽ޹ʳ֣Լôõ
һʯԪϽǰһֱɵʯ֮ϣʯҲ޷ӳʯ˫ĿһС
Ƭ̣䵥һУಣļƷ׾ٵķʯʯǰʯ̽Եɫֲûдκνơ
СĽɫƿʯ壬ԼʯȫʯȻûκ쳣ʯûüжʲô˳ʯҡ
λǰԸǹְһɱ֮ǰ˿ջϲһּƷȻô׾͵ˣʯƺЩСĹȣֱ˳ɽ󣬲Űĵļ˴˷ջ


ʮ ȱ
ʯаһöɫҲ֪ǺôӡƣȴޱȸӣЩʽʯû
оƬ֮ʯҲûȻԽɫ
ޱȰȫϻʯڵõƷʯſĵ׵ģ
ɫƿһöɫһɫȥƿ֮һһŨķҷڡ
ʯɵɫһ쳣ŨңֱĿֲ֪кôʯ˼˰죬ǿ̵浤ҩĳ嶯ҧ
ôһڣǰԭߵޣȻŴ˵طʯЩηǷҷЩ԰Ρ
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ʯ۵ģһ֣Ҳ˵һ֣һֻʣһ룬һ·նȥһ㡣
Ͼʯ忴ǰ飬һӦһΪʯû˼оЩ˿̣Ѿһסˣ¶֮ɫ
һǡ⡯֣ڶ֣ǰ졯Ȼһ룬ʯȻԱϳΪȷʯϸݡ
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ʯɫһоȱٵ֣ӦǡƪΪԼϵķ쾭ǡʥƪĸ֣ӦǶӦġƪ֡
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Դ˾Ϊʥȱʧ
ʯüͷ壬ЩȻһ룬ʯҲ֪ȱٵʲô䣬ΪԼƪҲͬĽܣܸһ
ݣʯԼƪﲢûУӦǷ쾭°ƪ֮ȱȫĪ˵޷
ǺᵶлЩǰΣҵʣµģУÿ仰ֻһ룬
ϧˣ쾭ܲףսԽɱħȻĴײҶãһƣʯ̾Ϣ
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̾ϢʯЩĽȱ쾭óһƷһöʯʯ֪һɨȴȻ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
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֪һֶ룬ʯ鿴ݡ
Ե֮ˣв֮Եڴˣԡ֮һС֮
ʯʧҡҡͷû뵽ʲôһϹռǣµġ
˵ҪǵòʯڵļƷԵڴˣʯõˣȴҲûоʲôֱջ
ϾǷ쾭Ҳǲȱȫģǵҩ죬Լ֮ͻƴԲƿΪһ㡣
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Ҫ֪֮ˣһɽٳɹɾ磬ֱӷϽ磬Ȼ½Ƕ⣬Ͻ磬ȴֻǸո𲽶ѣ˵ֻɽ͵ı׼
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ֲ÷ֻǴƿǣ˶ޣֻϧŵҩˣЩҳˣǸ׼ġ
ʯҡҡͷ˵úɫǽ⿪Կףú޻ָɣǰԸ棬ٽҩ֮Ϊޡ
սܣķڷʱ򾳽ߵֻҪͷϢпɻ飬һкߣ˵һԵ
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˵Ҫǲշ޻Ϊ飬ǧҪȻһΪΪǴСޣҲƿ硣
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ԭϻڻޣ޲ŻɱǮˣҪշĻٺòˣʯ˫ĿһУǱ̬ʵʯֲɵһͷۣ


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ϻȣڣʯһɶǺλá
ȻЩۺ죬ȴҲȥ׷Ͼ˿̵ʯһϢʵ̫ǿԶǺ۷ɱȡ
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˵½֮ǰϽɡħڤޡ顢˾ߴ棬ֱңмЩ١
ħ桢ڤȸ𼶱
˵涼һʲôʯͲˣۻҵĸսĶǷ
Ͻߴۺıʲô˽Ͻͨ٣᲻Ͻսйأʯĥ
֪䣬ʯɵһƬָ΢ԥƬ̣һ̽УԶֻ˩סĺޣ

޿ʯ޴ͷ­һŤһصƤƤ˶޴۾Ŀһʯ漴ᡣ
һ̣˫ĿȻһĺȻת´ʯƺʯϣоһһϢϴνȻͬѹ
ͷ֪˵ĻҵްɣҴ뿪ʯɫһ˵
ԣԭ۹⣬ɲʯĺޣȻӦ˫Ŀ¶֮ɫԴһΣ΢΢һ
ͣʯæ֣Ȼ֪һҪñӷ
ǸҪòԸޣѰɣٺ٣һܺõġʯ¶һΪ⣬ϣܲõЦݡ
ֱǻƭŮ龰ʯҲںԼжڼҲ˵עسŵһӦΪ飬㲻˺㡣
ֻҪѶȣշޣ
գգ۾ʯ޴Դſڵϣ˫Ŀһպ˯
ʯЩ
Ĵһķڷʯ׽ȻԼʵԸܶޱɡ
ǱϾǰǸң֮սҲһεģʯɲԴΪܻܣ׻ܺ޵ĵز
Ӳֻȡûʲôʤ㣡ʯ˼
ʯһɫƿУƿ򿪣漴æϣɫƿһ̫أޡ
ԭ˯ĺޣȻ˫ĿĿ⣬ʯ͸¶һֿ뼤漴վΣʯȥ

ѵĻ죬ȴѿʯǵҩƺԺЩ
۵һ
ޱǿ֮ɫϼʯϯȥֻһƮǶ㵽˺棬̫Զ֮£ȴ󽵣ʯֻǼȭӰ㽫ǻɫϼѡ
Խ˷ܣһзʯɴ໤һٶԶһЩֱϥƾιҲƲϵĻ⡣
ȻҲǾ̫Զ޹ʣ޼ҪٺǰʯоᱻĹͷվʣ
أ
ԽϣһǿһȻϴǿҵĹʯⶼЩݻ١
㹥ҹ޷ɢҲ۵޿κεſ˵ϣһʧĿʯ
ңģʯһóɫСƿӻ˻ΣźԽӽһЩٴδƿǣ漴ƿ
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һսǲģҪӮˣҪҵޣȻΪۣһὫŵҩ㣬Σʯ˵껰ȴ⵽İۣʯ죬ԼôƲ˵ı


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Ⱥ޶룬ʮɳĺɫߣһγ˺ޣ໹ֽУæһ㿪


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ˮ֮ʯˮ޶սνռȻˮиǳ裬ȥ磡
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ź˫ŵһ̤ƬռȻЩʯȻ֣ƺЩ֮Чѡ
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״ʯ۽һûˮܣȻˮǹжܵƣᱻβͲס
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ֻȻﱼ֮䣬ֱҪײһкƻ֮
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ľ۶ɽʯɽһӲʱֶҽϣǴ֮һ˭䣡


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ʮպ󣬶ϻĳ
һֻ޴ıʯԬһֻޣ֮ս
ȻһƬǽ壬ֻȻ˺ۣǴ˿Ȼƴ˴ֻҪñ˿ӵܵɳ
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ˣʯҲо˲֧ʯԬ彥黯ÿηܵ嶼ü֡
ʯȴҲ޿κΣ˿ɫ԰ޱȣ̷ҩüھ͸ûȫҩ
ڱʯԬȫһںԴϵʱ򣬺ߵоðǣЩͷת
صһ
ͬһʱ䣬ʯԬܷ֮ҲȻһѶͨһʯһЩߵĵڵء
պã˺ǰ
˾룬ֻҪȻǰһڣ׹ʯھ˷ܣȴǱQֻڵ˹ȥ漴˦һβ͡
˿̵ʯֻܿЦȻֵˣ붯һҲܳۼβɨʯһĵ棬âתж幦ת¡
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ʯɲңһһڣ˭ܿסѵ˼һɵԼһ£ĵʣ޼ںս
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ðɣ꣬ʱҪʵڲУҾˣҿɲҰѵҩֱӸ㣬ڶ㻹û㹻Σʯɫһ
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ޱǿ׼䷢Եĵ˵ͷʯ״һϲҪǺùϵǴ˷ϻ֮Уջ޴󰡡
ʲôﶼǿһޣֵܵϺü빦ֱһ벻ľϲ
ã͸ʯ˵ŻóɫವһԶպðʯ֮С

һţɫϼһʢɢεĹâʯԼɫ
һĻˡ
ԭǼ᲻ɴݣԺ޿ֲ޷ѵɫϼ£Ȼ׷ѶΪâʧ
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˴ͷǶϢһ°ɣȻܸ޵ȴԸһЩҩ㶼һЩôģϢˣҲʱ뿪ϻȣȥˣʯ׳ֻƿ漴ǱĿ


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ˣϾֻһСٹ֮߷࣬кҲ˼Σ
ʱڷ̴ѹżкڷԮȫֿӣˣǿƽ
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ҿ˿𣺡ﾹȻҲػٺ٣ؽǺңҲգ죬Сʱˣߣǽȥ

һߣ˿ˮϵһĻ˲ֽкãҲǳ˿
СӣǹȻǴպ׼Ѻġ󡯡ϹЦ
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ʲô£ôˣˣôһ·ϣԪǶڣʱʯպôӶϻȷأһ΢ЦĽڴ


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ʯͫһоâ˸ȴû˿ɫƳһץ¶ȼ˵Ҳ


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৵һ
ʯ»һתȻ仯ΪһƬɫƣʯΰסһģʧ
˲һʵ⾿ʲôһգ۵Ĺʧߣ

СӣŷǻϣȻ㣬һҪʬΣĳƬƽԭϿգ֫ûüۣǴ߶ݹ⣬ŷȥ
Ƭ̺Ȼɫһ䣺ʲôô׷ģôܣ
һ̣ǰһһ޴ĺɫֶϼ˸֮䣬ʯӰ˳
߼æסΣЩһͷײȥȴ˿ͣһתԶȥ
ʯһȣ»һת˲׷ߣһâգһն
ãɫ䣬æʩչѪɷ䵶ֵȴ۽һһ˿޵Ĳ
ףüͷһ壬һöϸСķ룬ȻԼƤ俴ô£Ȼɫ䡣
ǶޣһҽУ˲һ촽ϵ׹ȥ
ͨһ
յ˵棬ţʯԪϽ۵һڴ͸
֣ںޣֱ齻֯ϣʯԪϽ΢΢һߵκȻһѶ
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ߣӣʯȻϵôڶʮǰһμħ꣬Щߣ׼
һһɫ漤һģ֮£˲סŻâֻһĲҽУߵ꣬㳹ɢ䡣
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ף˶ˣʯɻĿ˿Զ
һУߵıԪָʯţԶ߷ӰǿԼʮʮ׻
ʯѣôûţǿü
׼ȥǿôʯɻʵ
ȥμŷ䣬û뵽·ʥ֮˷ڱ󣬽ӹ˽٣ǿһЦ
Ŷǹϲˣû¾ͺãʯ˵
ҵȻûˣ˿е֪ʥڣԱæ׼ѣǿЦ
лˣʵʯû˵꣬ͱǿϡ
ҪǲȥƺҲ֣Ϊڰɣˣ˷ҵˣһ˱һץˣ㲻ȥǿʵ
Ŷ˭ʯһ
ܲɱ֮ˣȻǱŷˣһʯѵӣҸˡǿһЦ
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㼱ģôͲûУϾܺ߿ҰǶû£˳·ֱŷˣר˿ءǿӿ˿ʯ
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߻ţϢ֮󣬲֪кθ룬Ͼ俪ʼָŷǾԼأ
һ·޻˳ŷ壡
ʯĳ֣˲ŷǾӣڴͷŷ㱻ץϼסҲû˽ԷС
ˣʯһ䡣
Ŷӣʯʣŷ˵껰Ŷ뿪䣬Խǽӽø˵£ʯУȴǺȻЩ


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Ȼȥһʧ߻վʮԼŷ֮ػ
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ʯæժϵĽ붨ĵ㣬ûˣ
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ʯ˳ֽŷķժ߳˿СҲ̫ɫ˰ɣ
˼ŷѣʯ΢΢һЦ
˰ɣСδģŷȻһЦ
ʯһЦ΢죬ǿŷһЦ⣬ȴҲû˵ʲô
ôǿһ٣ѾͶ˺ڷ̡˵꣬ŷҲһɱ
ǿüȴûпڡ
㣬ŷ֣ǱԼҪɱĵץסˣʡ
ߣҶʥ֮˳֣ĹҲҪˡŷ
Ӵǵһλͬ飬ѾˣΪλţʯʵ
ʲô㾭Ȼɱʥˣŷŭǿ
ʥ֮ңкβɱĪĳĿűⲻɣ˵ĳλǿ΢΢һЦ˵
ߣ٣Ͷа̣ɱŷ˵
ŷ֣ǿѳڷ̺캦֮£ʯһ䡣
ҵΪаͬ㻹Ƿ𣿡ŷü
ǿΪԱѶΪ֮Ϊ˹ǿƲΰݹӡȫɹȣкδΪʥܸɣĿԵʥʯ˵
ҪЩˣ˵߻ͥǣʱûлȥҵִ󡣡
Ǻǣǿ±ɱˣ˰ѾȥˣʯܽҺ̧ʵңڡǿЦЦ
ܡŷ㿴˿ǽ
㻹ʯѰɣǿʼ硣
ߵȺǱڣҪɱңѾˡǰʯҲûʲô
ʲôôܻŷȴ˫ۣУ߼ֱ޵еĴڡ
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𣿡ü塣
ڡʯش
ɱߣŵģһ䡣
˭ģǶΪ˱סԼɱͻɱǡʯһЦ
أǸһģǵ
ʯһڵ꣬Ӧþеˡ
Ҳˡʯ˵
ھȻɱʥһϣ֪ζʲô𣿡ʵ
ȻζűζԼҪʯص
ʯоʥϴԣ䵱ɣֺγǸоʯڷϴԣڰаһ
־̣ҲҪеߣԲӦüаһͽкˣʯѾΪŰ֮ˡ
κһ֮ʿ˶ҪԵģϾӡڷ̾аޡ
Ϊ棬Ҳɱ޹䲻ܼɱˣǰģ㰮ҲͶа̣̾Ϣһ
㣬ֻΪԱҾͻ뿴һ棿ʯʵ
⡭Ĭãشʲô㲻֧㣬Ҳȫ㿪ѵģϻʥϣæĺҲҪ;ɫ
ʯҹ˲·аһ˺ɱһ
ΣҲܶԸʦʯ޶⣬ҲֻȰ˵ʦаǻʯ
лˡԭΪ᲻˽ѵԼû뵽ʱһ練˵֧ԼʯЩж
̬ȣΪڷ̶ѣʯ⣬ͬԼо;һٲˣỹҪ
û;෴ǣҵ;ʯ˵꣬ŷʱɫһ䡣
ˣʯѣѱϴԣǲ̸¡ŷɫ
ʯ΢΢̾ϢһԼоŷһ˱ϴԣ˵òȻʤˣֺγΪʯ;
ŻἫȰʯ¡
㣬磬ͱʥˡʯ˵
ɣʥһҪȥʦ㣬˵һɣʹҲԱ˵Ҫ
㣬ǲʥڷ̵飬ڲ¿ɺãʯɫһʵȻڻصʥ


ʮ߻ 
ʯԼĬƬ̣
Ҳ££оȹҵҵԼĺһԴĲ˽ʦҵĺãҲû취⿪ʥ
УЩǰɱߣ·ͬСɣɲСС¿ɱȵġ
ʥ㲻ܣ߽õϣҲһ£ԣΪ˰ҲһҪȥ¡ǵ
νʯʵ
ʯѣ㲻˽ʥǵ˼˵һֱּɸ𣬰߱𣬼ֱ׾ٵ£˳Ҳһһ½ǣŷҡͷ
ʥÿһϣ¶£ЩʵߣҲ˶١
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ҴʲôΪηҪ¹ȥҵǣǿһ䡣
Ͷа̣ɱҵͬ飬֮˾û֮ʿÿһ˶лɱа޵ȨаԽԽ󡣡ŷɫһ
ֻڷ̺ܵκţڻɱǵͬ飬ǲңɱͬ飿
һοʯѵӣĳԷŹӣŷ㣬ע˲ţǱ֮ˣŷ֮ӣԴ˷ټƽϣһΣʲκӡǿһ
ˣҲҪ˵ˣ㣬ŷѣǻȥɣʯҲǾ仰˲Ҳˡ
ʥ̫ڣϧǿѣڷ̽ˣԿʥֻΪԱ˶ѡ
ڷ̽ˣ٣ʥΣʥǶڷ̵ġʯɫ
̾Ϣһʯ֮·˴ȴ֪ڸģȻЩʹģҲԲκ˺ʯ
԰һУǣһУ
ԣʯڷ̣Ϊڷ̵Уʯʵڲ
ʥκһ£֪ڷ̵ʷ˽ڷ̵ĲֶΣǲʥһ̱ѧϰʷ
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һսʲôսʯѡˣӵİɣ˷ȥǻʵϣУŷɫ
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Ǻǣأĳ롮а̡Ѿ׼Ժˡǿʼ磬ҲñʲôȻ˵ǶˣԾǺˡ
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ص֮Ѿٴ棬ԪϵҲһͬ׷׿ϵʯ
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ŷģȻûнȫĽ֮ڰԪػӹ󷨣˾ûлӳЦЦ
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ʯ˼Ƭ̣ڵ棬ʲôõĻƣ߶ؽ
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ҪؽԪʵ
ʥ֮ʵǿҪǶ֣ǿʵԶ˽ʥ飬ϼ޻ҲץģûʲôʵĽƿҲ»ڡʯü
ͬˣȹǿЧĶؽԴԲʵױĨȻŵĶһԣѵʯ˫Ŀһ
ţһԳߵˣ˵£ʱһִµӽʯػ㱨һ


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ǣִµߣһṦٴηصʱȴһźµӣһ΢ЦĿʯ
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ʯѵڿȻңǲѿҪǱĽడǺǣ΢΢һЦ
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ǺǣʵҲûʲô£ĳոոܸʯѵģϾʯѿͷȻһЦ
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֪кʯһ䡣
ɱֹɱ򣡡˵ʥ鷳ĳΪֻнǴ˴ˣǲŻѧԵ㣬ҪȻֻ޾ĸߡ
취ãʯĳƺаɣһãھͽ𡣡ʯγûǹʥѡ
ǣʯԼĿǰûܺʥԿĻ
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ǺǣƺЩ̫ߵˣʺѵԸֻʯĳڻǷȱʱѵĻǸ˸ѡʯ˫Ŀһ
Ŷʲôѣʵ
˷ʥĲưոݣԣʯĳҪһЩȫ׼ˣʱҪĲУϣ߳һʯɫһ
ʯ˿ĳɾˣҲ̫ĳˣѴɹʶͬʥػΪǵķչߵҲԸˬʯΪƢ
ǺǣãǶлˣϣ׼һ磬գʯĳҪ߽ӷϴʯ΢΢һЦߵҲûƴǣ

ʲôڴʥĳ侲ڣߵһŭΪܲģŷϣıƢ
ŷһ֮ɫͷϣڴе⣬Ǳڡ
סڣܲŭ棺ΪʲôȴʵʲôСҶʥ֮ˣдߣϷȻںϡ
ȥһ¶ټϣܲһ棬صһ죬ŷǳ˳ֻ˳ȥ


ʮŻ ˾ͽϵĽ
ɫ
һװιɫʵľڣһɫ¯ðɫһ鵭ɫ֮ϣһߣ
ͷ׷˫Ŀ봹һϢޣϹž޲·ڴ˵ؾ˼ǧһƺһܡ
һŰµӣվڵм䣬˹һ㣬ΪĿǣͷһ̺룡
˾ͽϣ鶼ˣϻ
֮ǰĽɣҪʱ򣬿Գκ·ߣ˾ͽɫ˵
ǣϻص˵ͷ
ῪһŰɫȹȣòӰ˴˼䷿У
ϻˣ΢΢һЦ˵
ߣæʩϻǰԵü𾴣
ϻȳȥɣʱ˾ͽϻڵϻʩ漴˳ҡ
ϣʩһһ˵
Ϊʦ˵ǰӾͰˣֻƺʦͿˣ˾ͽϿڵ
ǣʦ֪ʲôԸȻ˾ͽΪβԼʦͽϵǰʦĽڱǰװͨ¡
˾ͽ϶ȴǺܲҲΪ˾ͽϵĹϵʥҲһЩϣҲƲ¡Ͼ˼еλȨƣ
濼ˣʲôջ񣿡˾ͽʵ
ʦ𣬴˷ʶ˺ڷ̵ǿҲʶ˺ڷһЩֶΣľа̡ʵ˵
в򣿡˾ͽƽ
񷱶࣬󷨽һгٶۣʦˡͷ
߶ľ˾ͽһ䡣
⡭ü壬ڵһλ;õľƽҲǱΣа̺˵
Ǻɱ˾ûҪʲôԭΪѾע֣Ǹı䲻˵ʵûԲʥ飬Ȱ˵ͷȻǺãܣֻĨ˾ͽϿڵ
ǱϱƵͶ·ϺڷԱǱڣɱҲΪԱ˵
ʲôʥ˾ͽü״ҳһ¡
Ӧ֪һλζʲôѪԴ˲ţܰװѾħá˾ͽϿڵ
ͨһ
ʦԭ£ڷֻҵΪͶа̣˽ⰢΪˣɱʥ֮ˣڷ̡
׼ɱ԰ڷ̺Ա߱ڻУʦԭ£ﰢԲ캦顣һǵ˵
ôҪ˾ͽٴü
۰ʲôҶҪᶨ˵
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Ĭãᶨĵ˵ͷ㰢˶ɱ˷ŻҲԲɱ
ҰѰĹƣ£ΪУҲҪԼҲԹ޻ڣ
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лʦ𣬶лʦ𣡡Ȧһ˵
סһҪȰƣҲʥԣҪɱʥˣһ£ҲҪʥˡ˾ͽٴؾһ䡣
֪ұ֤ðƣϾڷԲʥԣڻɱʥˡɫ
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Ϊ̷巴ԣȻսɱһ޹գһֶʵڲѪȣʤ˽⡣˾ͽ˵
֪Щڽǰͬ˵һðԶа̵ġ֤
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ĳ˿һŵڷ
һߣڡ
ʯգۼڴ˷ؽ߳ΣȻ̺ƴ󣬽չǴ˷н󷨣źøڰֵأϸֻɽ󣬾ٴ¼ϴкڷҲ޷ƣ
֪ˣʯ˿Զһʧ


ʮ 
Ե紦
һʱ䣬֮ܰҲڽսߣҲлᴭ
Ϊ˰ȫڷ֮ˣԼǲĴȻûҳߡ
ٴη쳣
ԭѾߵʿ֪ιʺȻٴηأյҪǣζֵúܴ󣬵ľӣȻǰԵ
ͷȻȪӣֵǣȪƺҲҪˡ
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ʱһһһˣζԸһң
˵֮ˣһɰ˵ϡܲģҲߵ˷ǰʥǴŻа̵壬ʵ߱ġ
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鿴̫ˣܲƲƲ졣
𿴴Ƣ꣬Ըǵţ˼ȴܡ
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ҲУ˾ǿдɱʣ˺ڷ̣ڣңһҪʯΪ߱𡣡
ٺ٣ϿǵܵǺ³çˣһ𣬾ǳʶѧϰٶЦ˵
ҿܵʶ̫٣Ҳ֪߶飬еһӣǰȻҲ޾ɫ
Ǵ̫Сʩ˴ѹҲֻİٶԪ˵һεҲ֪١ܲʼ硣
ϣİٶԪʮһ£ԸСӦúˣϾǸϴ˵Ȱٺ١Ц
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Ϸģһ˳£˷ϳֵġһŵ˵
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Ҫ֣͹ǵ˲õˣúùӡãƫƫô໨ĳҲΣ㶮ãȪ˵
ûߣȻգҪƣӮߣһ˵
ӮһأɶԷԪǼϺڷ̵ˣҲǵĶ֣õƣҲԼһ¡
ٺ٣һȪӻϴһֻأ˵꣬Ӯ˫Ŀһ
Ȫӣͽˣȳȥʯ͹ʣǴƱ߹ط죬ʮ˶죡ܲ΢΢һЦ˵

ڣ´ڣ
ʯ·ߣһ΢ЦҲ֪ʲôȥǢӡ
ʯЩǴ棬ĳʯѣȻ㸨޶֮ûзù𵤡ĳһţ˵Ż׳һֻƿ
ʯҩһ㶣ϸ˼ã˫Ŀ¶˷֮ɫ漴һݡ
ѵ̫أʯĳգʯ˵꣬һֽ̧ƿ˻ȥ
ʯ˵һ㲻٣𵤣һʧĶ嵤ҩң˵ҩϣҲǼˡ
٣ҽʢϣֻἰֵҩȴû䷽Ҽŵҩ;ϡȱ󣬷ʯ˰𾪡
Ϊֵҩ²˵ҲǼģʯܾ
ʯûҵˣ˵ȻޱȹϡУҲȱ㣬ǿȲһ̶ȣ޷ãȻᱻǿҩԳı
ԣ˵ϷֻǶҩʯóʯҪǽҵѣͱܾˣĳ˽ģԸʽ̸ʯҲƢ
Ĭãʯ֣صĵ˵ͷڵʯĳȴ֮ˣ˵ȷʵô󣬲ʯĳҲðãмֵҩ͸㣬ȻԶԶȲѵĵҩ󡣡
ʯѼˣҿɲ㽻ģĳ𻤷Ըɲͬϲύ˳۵ѣЩҩҾͲû˵꣬ߺȻɫһȡһöŷݺ䲻ɫ


ʮһ սⰻȻ
ôѣʯüͷߣ˵һ䡣
յϢȻٴ߹أңȻ֮࣬ǷԪڡŷ
Ŷ˵Ҫú׼һˣǳֻ˶ˣǿѿѵֵǲ֪ͨһʯҲü
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ҪΪʥܵģڷʮ꣬ʥһܻǣˣǨƵʥҲ׷ȥ
ңƾڵʵ뷢չٶȣҲһͻᱻʥܣǴ󶯸ɸ꣬ǶǴˣʯĳŵ˷ŻɽҲһʯɫ
Ը˳
ǣҲǵһģ֮ǰӲͷһͬ˳һ㶣Ҳһ㶡
ʥʲôã޷вϵԴƳɴԲк𣿼ǵҲԸѡǱӲĴߡ
˷ص磬ĸ˫ʱТʵ÷ҲΪһʶֻͬպˡ
һУʥɵģҪɽ涨Բƻأ˭µĸܣ˭ʥȥҲաȦ΢˵
Ը˳
Ҳ˳
¹˳ˣȫͷ˳ȻȻӦעسŵʯɲΪЩ˻ĽŵϷˡ
ȻԸ˳ʯĳȻŹǣ󣬽֮գΪ˱ʾ⣬ǰѧʥͨԼ֮
ÿ˶ϣֻҪһ˵ǲһ֤˵ѣʯĳţʥѧ֮Ӧͬİɣʯ΢΢һЦ
ȻһʯŷģǾŪ٣ҿڵ
ã½̸ԺгϵӲѧϰҪѧϰʥĽ֮ԼǵĹͨǿսҲ˽ʥ֮˵Ĺͨν֪֪ˣսʤʧ˵
ǣӦһ
Ԫϣ²㣬бֻͷˡʯת׵
Ŷʲô񣿡Ԫɻ
ڴ󣬵ֵ壬ڷҲûʲô⣬Щ󷨶ǳʥ֣֮Щ˶˽⣬ԣǱҪĽһʯɫ
⡭ԪüţϷƴǣȻУսҲУһϷ֮ԶƤëʵڲó޸ġ
Ҫ󷨣һһžУҺĮϻ̽գеõģǶҪҲûã͸ʯѰɡ
ϻ̽գֲô죬ʵ֮ǿõٺôҾͲƴˡʯЦЦ
ҪȻˣ֮ǰһֻ꣬׺󣬲Ŵ˵꣬ž̸ʯ
иʯһ䡣
ٺ٣ȻˣûУҪʱҪǣٺһЦ
Ǻãž¸֮Ԫоһ£Ŀǰ󷨽ںϡʯӡһԼ£󽫹žԪ
ӡʱʯص̶ȣԲġ
ǣϷȥоԪϸҪߡ
ȵȣʯ˰֣˼ЦԪϣڵ󷨸Ľ䣬󷨸ۣĵطںϽȥơ
Ԫ˫ĿһӢһ濴Щ󷨲޸ĶֻҪϤЩ֮˽ƽ⣬УԼһԼֱɱ졣Ԫ˵꣬˽ǰ
ߣԸʥˣ⿿ʵǻȥչһҸ°ɣĮʮһأһǰ߽磬ʥ֮һսʯ׼Ƚ𵤷ٸƼöǲĽǷŵġ


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ºʯ˼ʮöŶԼٿݻҩ漴̷𵤣
һգիڣ
ʯâƺڵֿĳһһ䶯ѡ
Ƥʱݣʱƺڶڷŷ츲صı仯ҲʱʱŴ
Ҳų΢Ľâ
̫񱩣ʯǿȣҲǿ֣
ʯؽҧɫ԰ף΢΢ŤӸԭòʶֲ
ʯЩɣⲢʲô񵤣һֱŰҩоƺҪըһ񱩵ĴҴܡ

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իȻһΣХڡ
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治۽һǱ޾ˣʲô
ǲ֪˿̵ʯԵֿǹɾɴʩչ˰ǿ񱩵ˣȻԴԴϡ
˿Žʯϱ任ʱʱСԽԽǿʯԽģԽԽС
ֱʯӰױ˽ɫϼڣ䵭ֱʧ
оʯްŷԸһ֮֮½롣
Сڵʲôôһαһζ󣿡һʯ֮ʱһƬ򶼻ٵЩ
ԪˣĻȳɫţķһ棿п
棬ɲҵĹͣʯϵӡԪһЦ˿ƻָһЩϡ
ȻûȬҲ˹ֻҪ򶷣һûʲô󰭣ƾҪˣ
ǺǣԪʦ֣ɲô˵Ҳ⣬ҵҪ氵аţʯţһ֮λн죿˵ϷֻռʦˡЦЦ
ƴǡһЦ
뵱꣬ʯۣԱѣڹɽͻһתۼʮȥȻɳҵȶ޷󼰵ĸ߶ȡԪϸп
ԣҲǵ˵ͷϸû˵˷Ҫûʯ涼˵·һ
˹۲˼죬ûʲôŷش
˻صãһˬĳХʯڹիڳһģ֮£·ֵֵصлΪһڵ㡣
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˷ı仯ʵСж幦ҾȻвҩЧûȫȻƳȵҩǿţʯ˼˵һ䡣
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˵˽ʲôܲģʥһߣҲã˷ʯ˵껰һ´ڡ
棬Ԫ˶ڣĮҲУ
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ŶЩ֪֮Ϊ֮Уܳװȫ𣿺ߣѵ֮ˣʯʵ
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ǻŽ˴ţϾԲԵֵԷˣǵʵ߹޷ǿ˵
ҲãϷˡЦЦ
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ʯ˵˼䣬˶ݹһ𣬸ʯ˷ɳڣһ·Ŵ߹طȥ
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ֻ˿̵Ĵ᧿ΣǽϷż죬ȻԷֻȴˣȻô߽⡣
һٶʲôһЩԲ֣ҲԴĴҴܡ
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һռϷ硣
ȻȴҲҳǽ˶սܱסѾˣ
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Ը㣬豾֣̫߳ƵԼˣ֮ܣ߹һЦ
ţ߱ǳһɫӰһĿʯ׼߶ֵӡ
Į˿ʯüȷҪֶԸʵǿ
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Įһ̤ǰǰڵĶңǵϲҳ֣Ǿ˻ȥˡ
Цƾ㣿ߣ˵껰һĮȥ
ĮһǧϰٵĽӰʥӴȭӰ̼䱻ϯǧٿס
üɼƵǰû뵽Įֻ֣ԼҪñֵԼмѹ׵ͨ
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ɱڷԲȻ֣ʳӮҲս⣬ĮǺ޾ɫһսķɱ
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ʯѿڷ֮˼ǳɫȭɫһ䡣
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ס֣ʱԶϲһеŮʯתһԶ󻹸żʥͬ飬ۺŭĿʯ


ʮŻ ɱ
۵һ
ĮĶ˲仯ΪһѪţһҽдĶֱһйᴩ漴ɢ
ɱʥˣԶߣһʥ֮ŭ
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״˿ݹȴûͣӿ켸ʯ
ɱΪڷ߱𣡡ڷ˺
ɱΪȥĳѩޣһɳϺ
ʯʱüͷһ壬ֻ΢ԥƬ̣ʯɫһԲ㣬ɱҵߣɱԪϣЩɱʦϣ
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ܲƶƵֵʯԪϽŭǺڷߣֵܣȻǺڷϷⳤҲŹ㣡
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İٶԪ׷ʩչеǼ׷Ȼ󣬵κڶֹ֮࣬£Ͻɫ֮ɫĻ֧
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Ҳ֪˶ãϼɢ˿ľ
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ǰЩҲܣ֮ƣ⵽һЩ֮սҲ½٣ɽ豦λϣҲɫ԰ס
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λϲؾţʦǰ󣡡ʱһɫӰһɫ㣬мľګӣԪָŰһףǵصķĻ


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ɫľګĻ֮ԪָڱͷųǵصķŴ֮ϯȥ
𲢲ǺܸߣһͨԪҲֿƣżӵĸ߼׷ԪԲԻҲ赲
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ʦ㣬λϣޣֻܰЩˡϿգһķɵԪԡ
Сӻôǫ飬ˣǰҲڵˣˣҲ㣬Ц
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Ѳ㻹ֶûʩչǧңΪƵĹҲ֮Чɽ߿Ц
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ʯţŹϷһ˺ԲΪڣ豦ȿڣɽߵһ£


ʹڣǿȻһŭŰ׹£
еǰ㾹Ȼû֪ͨڣ֪߹֮սΪҴ⣿ʲ䷢չҲòǼӣһкβͬߣĿļһǿɫһ塣
ˡҲΪ忼ǣʯĿˣԽԽ󡭡׹»û˵꣬ͱǿִϡ
סڣǿǰһ̽ڷ̱Ͼ뱾ϲҲⲿЦ
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סڣ㲻űʵ۹⣿ߣٷϻȥ죡ǿ͵İ˰֣׹̾Ϣһ漴ͳȥ

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һ쳤ӳģ֮ǰʯشİ꣬ţʼӳ꣬ҲⳤԣƹһζѣƺʱҪѿһ㣡


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ûᣬٺ٣ʱ֮ǰʯشİ˫ĿһһԹ֮ɫһֳ֣һѾ̣ŷֿɫֵʯ˹ȥ


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ʯСģСŰ걳͵ϮҪ׼֣ǿæ
ģʯҪⶼ޷ֵҲٻˣսԲɲ룬ĸʱֵģǿ֣صСֱۣ漴΢΢ҡͷ
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Ȼˣĳ˽ǣͬ⣬ҲҪǿ˵
Ǻǣ֪ҩж󣿳пܸҩȴֲֻǸʮԪҩȶȥʯҡͷһЦ
ǿüȫӳΪԼõǲںܱ߹طУ˼䣬ʯһЦ
ˣǿѵĻ޵Сʯĳȥһҩǰʯɫһ
ǿɫһϲ漴üͷʯѣȥƺҲ̫ȫʥʱܻһ㡭
ʦ֣ˣʥˣָ˵Ҫ㣡ʱȻ洳˽ʯǿ˫Ŀһ


پʮ˻ ֢
ʥˣߣ˷һŹǣʯüͷһ壺ʥ˿ˣǿѲصģȥʲô˼
ãϣʯŸ˷һҪŹǿɫһ˵
Ȼʯ֣صĵ˵ͷ
غ⣬ʯ߳ңһɽȥ
˿̣ɽۼ˶ʮˣǰһߡ
ʯŻûг𡣡΢Ц
ߣųʲôϵԶɫźˮ
̫˷ͲҪ뿪ˣǿɷһ
ʯ˺¶˷֮ɫ
ôˣ˲ʶߣʯȻʶ
СڼӵǲСϷ㣬Щ֮⣡߹Ц
Ǻǣ֪Ŷڰ֮ˣƺȽУ£룡ʯһơ
һЩŰ֮ˣȻİ֣ǿҲЩ⡣
ʯѣЩǣǿüͷһ塣
ٺ٣ǿѷģСˣͿˣʯ΢΢һЦ
ŶĪ˵ҩȵĹǿɫһ
ǣصٸǽܣʯ˵껰´
˷׷ʯΪһһһǿɫһСͽˡ
ʿˣϷΪЦЦ
ھȥСǿɫһ
صģ˷Ϸϴ£ȻἫЦǺǵ˵
˷ڣ˶ʮԲʯɻ
ߣСǻΪһϢûУҪϷټ֣ʹǹˡЦǺǵ˵
ʯҩ鲻ǳǿЦЦ
ǺǣʯĳӣһЩ趼ڣʯЦЦ
Ŷ˵ǲǸȥСˣǿɫһ˵
ãȻ֮ǰ˵أϷǾҪ֮Ժ˵ɫһ
Ǿˣʯ˵껰իС״̬󣬲ɵü
˵ģΪأһ䡣
ʯ龭һһʮ˵һ飬΢˵ͷ
Ƭ̺С齸֪һɨĬã̾Ϣһ
ҡҡͷ
ǰ˼ǣǿʵ
أҲó˿̣ѾͷһˣѾͷֻϽ֮ˣл֮̾Ϣ
Ͻ֮ˣǰ֪һ棬ѾϽϵ˾СѵСעΪˣǿüͷһ塣
ҲǣƬ̣ҵ˵еɫܰСָΪΪһ㣡
ɫǿüδ֪ĸһȫԸŪ
ǿ̫ˣɫʦʼпģǿǴ˵еʥҵȷ˲ģݴԣֻϽвеġҡͷЦ
ɫʯ૵֪״̬
˵ɫϽ֮ҵԪƾãȴҲعϽ֮ˣɫ붼Ҫ룬ȻСİ취ҲϷʱģǷûд֤ϷҲһȴδ˼ɫ
ǰ˼ǣСûа취Σֻһˣǿüͷһһӡ

ͬһʱ䣬ʥĳ侲ڣ
һ׷ͯգϢӰڰ֮С
һɫꡣ
ⳤϵ˼ǣ˾Ȼڷ̺ɱʮϣ£ɻ󵽡
ߣϷбҪƭ㣿㿴Ϸ״̬ƣҴʮ£ΰݽųϣΪСôöԸģ׷ͯ˵
ԣĬãڵǺǣϲⳤӦǳƿϷȥɣ
ⳤһųΪԼ£
û²˵Ϸȴȼ֮һ˵
ҪϷó֪ųѡ񣿡˵Ż׷ͯճóһ̴ֻľУ͵˹ųǰ
ӹľ֮󣬹ųɨһۣų¶˷֮ɫ
벻ⳤóȻˣϷڹ˽Ҫⳤһˣ˵꣬ⳤϹһЦ
Ǿлųˣ˷ССӣҪųϰ˷Ϸ򻹻ȡһɱܸߵĻᣡⳤ˵껰ų¶Ȼ֮ɫʵ벻Ҳⳤģ


پʮŻ 붯
֪ɫξСڴһһʯһ䣬ǿҲ֣
ĬƬ̣ڵʦıʼϣҩʲôȴֻ֪һ״ɫҩϷɫ
ʼģʦҲûмҩʦɴҩӦϽ֮½ûС
ȻûмʦΪλ֪ǿɻʵ
Ǻǣûȴ֪̫ˣĪǿʷ֪ԼȫഫемҲ֪ɫһûһЦ
ĳʶǳˣǰĪ֣ǿһЦ
޷ʦʼϵļأҩҩԼңǷԪڣһҲֱӷãԣҪⷽϡƳɵҩúб֮Σڵ
ŶǴҩкЧãСܷãʯʵ
Чòռ˵ҩȹĪĺôԼǿۺ̶ȣСѾͷ٣Ϸ²⣬Ŵ˵еʥҩӦ޸
ȻҲֻҵһ²ˣʥҩһ¸ûУԣǻ취ɫ
ʲô취ǰ˵ʲôۣĳԸ⸶ֻҪܾȻСãǿɫص
ҡҡͷϷʱҲû̫õİ취Ѿͷа취ʱѹʱޣһʱ䣬һʱǿҵõİ취Ϸĵ伮оⷽϣ
лǰˣǿɫһ
Ǻǣ֮ǰ˵ŴΧڶ״Բ֮Ϊ࣬ԣ˷Ϸ˶ʮԲǰ
պ˵СѾͷ֢״˿ϷһʱҲ޷ˣСסһʱ䣬оһСĲ顣ڵ
л֪Щãʯɫһϲǿɵ۽һ
ʮԲʲôҩӴǿԾ
ǷϷ飬˵ܴãˣҩڲϣҲû⣬ǰߺЩҩȫϷƳʵ˲ٴԲ
Ϊ۷Ҳ֪ˣĻʮǰӦǴԲˣϧ
ҩڻЩΪ۷壬ֻܵȴЩҩˣʹµķԪ˲ٵķԪ֮ˣЦ
ǰҩȣӦӴ˰ɣǿ𾪲ѡ
Ǻǣʹҩʵһ㣡ǫһЦ
ʯ˫Ŀ⣬ڵ˵лЩ۷֮ˣ
ȻˣЩ꣬ҩֶ˺ܶԪԼ۷壬ҩȵʵǰɱۺö࣬ԪҲڶġ
ڷԪȻڣҪ֪ҩȵķԪǶǽ׼ǧĳˣΪһЩս׵ĳϸ߲٣۷ǲЦ
պмöԭ׼ڳϵģֻǽж̣ܴﵽڵûмں۷Ƿëǡ
ЩҩҲɲóȽöɣûȥҩȵĳϣڷԪҾͲˣƷԪҩٵģʯЦЦ׳һöԪָ
ӹԪָһ֮ɫСӾôһҩƳöѵչҩҩȳĻࣿ
ʵڲ֪ʯģֻܽ͹鹦ˡ
ͲòĴˣа취Ժлᣬ̸ȥһҩֻûпУʯɫһ
⵹ûʲôϵҲǼҩԪҩȵʵԱ´㹻ϷҲûôҰģҪΪСӰȣϷЩ߽кã˰֡
ȶлˣʯһЦ
ȿȣǿɿһλǲоһСĲ飿ǰƳѹС֢״ĵҩ
úúãϷ˴£ʯȥɣվΡ
ãʯͷһЦ˰׵Ϊǿرס漴
ĳ䵤ڣʯ˽̸˵˶СĿԼֶΣʯϸѯɫʹ÷
һṦһִµҪҩǿʼʯ˳˵ʯŹر
ʯû뿪󣬶ֱӽĳ䵤չأҷԸκ˲׼ţִµػʯչſڡ
ڣʯһ֮ϣȴûбչ˫ĿĿĳƺ˼ʲô¡
Ƭ̺䵥һӣһڹ⼤һת֮£ȻǰһɫСǬ
ΪһɶߺʯУһûʲôֱ˶㣬ֽҩҩ԰֮ڣ
棬мõҩмֵõģڶϻȣõģչҩġ
¥Щ߼ҩ¥ȻѾø߼ݣֻ˵ϡУ
ǣҩ԰ںȺһյУˮһɫǼۣɫѾںϣҪΪһɫһ㡣
ʯ²⣬ҩڳ죬еɫ仯ɫЩƣ
ˮ֮ϣȻɫϼ΢΢ˮ΢΢ҡҷɢ֮һƣж֮⡣
ɫɫӽΨһͬɫû˵ǰǵɫģӦҩԸǿԵʡ
ֻǲ֪ɫʲô֣Ҳ֪ľ;ϧˣʥҩҪôģʯҡͷ
˿ֻȡһ㻨ҩҩ̫ǿСܿԳܣʱûй̣ñ³ˣʯɫһ˵
˼Ƭ̣ʯСժȡһƬʮ֮һֲժҩ뿪Ǭصڡ
Ľһ㻨βСҲԳҩԵģԣֻҩϡ͵ͽҩԣɵҩܸСá
Ҫ֪ǿҩԲѣһҩǿҩԣǽҩԵƷɾͼ俼֮˵ĵˣʯҲûаһγɹ
ΪСֻһˣ˵껰ʯȡ¯ҩǿʼ˵ҩ

ʲô߳ϣԷ飿쾹ȻҲ㣿ѵⳤϻɹĳʵͬһʱ䣬ʥĳ侲ڣųһɲĿǰһݸꡣ
˹ųϵĻ߳ϵݸüͷһ壺ųϵ˼ǣҲæ͹ˣҲ
˵ϳʮϣһʮ£ⳤĪȥɼҲòôݰɣĪĲֹһң


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ºڣĳ䵤ڣ
һҩգʯ̧һ㣬صһҩһһŨҩɢ
ಣ
ʮžӨ͸ָ״СɫҩȻҩڳ˳ʯ˫Ŀһһ֮£һֻɫƿС
ʧܣƳֵҩٺ٣ãʯһ˵
΢΢һƿеҩһģʯƿ֮ڣ
ʯǰȴһɫҩһ죬ҩĴ
Ҳ֪ɫǲ˵֣֪ⵤҩСǷаҪǣСڵ壬֪ܷҩԣʯ˼
ĬƬ̣ʯƿԼ¯ϸɫãһⵤҩҩж
ſڽеҩ̵ʯʱоһȾɢ֮Уתѡ
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ʯ׶ֻƾǹŰòûʲôǲյĹʯһЩϸ΢ĸı䡣
ָı֮ʯо֮ûӣȴޱС
ռдڵ嶼ޱȵĸоƺëҲ󣬾ؼٶҲüӿ첻١
ʯϲ֮࣬Ȼÿͷڿڶȥʯоһ΢ѣΡ
ܵϴ֮ʯ֦Ҳ΢΢ҡΣɫԭͲ̫ԵɫøģɫںϻΪһһ㡣
ˣϯ磬ʯƺнţʯľǣ羹ȻһѼѺۣƺ
һ¿ʯд󾪣תֿȴ赲ʴԽԽ࣬ʯԺ翪һʹѣͷ϶ĺ¡
ĪҪ壿ƺҪһ㣡ʯһ˵
һ̣ʯˣ
ԭΪҪ磬Ǻ˽һѺۣ˲䱻ǹȾţɫϼѺ
ɫ΢΢һΣȻңңӦһ㣬ҲɫһѺۣڵҩɫ֮УȻ
ʯˣһ߸ϵѺۣһȴµѺۣͬɫϼںֲ̲ʯܼ尾һţ
ȥʱ䣬ʯڲŻָƽͶӰճ֮У㶵ĿڵһУ
һɨʯڣɫɫںһЩļûʲôı䣬ҲûҲûǿ
ϸӦ֮£ʯȷʵЩ磬üȹ̼Ӳ֮ǰļӲ̶һңʯҲʼδġ
ȹ̵ĺô̫ˣ磬˶ƴ֮ʱ繻ȹ̵Ļͺٻ˺磬Ҫ֪һߵĸ
߿û壬Ҫû磬粻ȹ̣׵ؾͻᱻ˻ˣֻǳ˽ʱÿνǿһȹԣʯû˵ʲôҩǿ֮Чġ
СоˣȻȻЩͷôҲʵСʯЦЦվκһʯŻ򿪣һ֮뿪
իڣ
ǿΧС齸ƺʲô
ôСѾͷокα仯һ䡣
Щתûʲô仯Сҡͷ
СڻǸӦ𣿡ǿü
оСҡҡͷĸ磬ҲĲ˰ɣѵָܻˣԱϣСһǡ
СѾͷҪ㣬أ⻹һʱ䣬ôָģЦЦ
ͰЦݣС΢΢˵ͷǿŬŬ죬ȴһҲû˵
ˣʯأôûذСʵ
ʯڱչأ˼ʥеǰʲôͨɣǿɫһ
ӦòᣡڵСӵԸӦʲôҩСƣĻȻ߷ãѯС
Ŷǰ˽ʯǿ˵
ǺǣҲǺ˽⣬ֻ֪СӵԸѡЦ
Ҳʯ磬϶ڸССɫڴߣǿЦ˵
ŶôңʱʯȻ˽Ǹ֮ɫ
ˣѵƳСĵҩǿæһ䡣
ܲС˵ӦûеãҲǸĵĵþ飬ʯĳСõһֵҩϣðɣʯ̾Ϣһ
һһöɫСƿУ漴С
ǰ˵ûа취ѵ㡭ǿĻû˵꣬Ͱ˰֡
˵ԣ˵ʯҽңǼԼĲ˵ܵ䴦õĵҩɫһ
ǣﲻʯ磿ԣСùƿһѽƿǴ˿Ҫ̷ҩȴʯһ
ȵȣСöҩЩұҪһ£ʯɫ֣ص˵ǿɻ

ͬһʱ䣬ʥһʮӰ޵
һո꣬һӣǸ߳ų϶ˣ˷ǰеʲô
󣬸ʮϣʮһʮ£綼һۣϢӯۺĴԲڡ
ЩһֺһڵĽ̸ţ׼μʲôʢһ㣬ռɣ
߳ϣ֪ŵʲôôǰȥ󣿡·ϣųϿʵ
ٺ٣쳤⣬۲ƣóϷĶıҲûʲôϡ棬֪ŵŵʲôôϼһĶģ߳ϲһ䡣
߳ϲ˵ˣųϹһЦĲ⣺ˣǴ˷ʦڣȻСĵ뿪ʥᱻ˷֡
ûʲôڣֻΪĺôȥ˼һҵСţǲЩ̫۸ˣǼϼһ֪»᲻˵ģ
ųҪǵĿԻȥϷ£ŰˣǼϼһҲ˼ϸС£˹״߳һν˵
ٺ٣Ȼ쳤ϵĺôôɵĲ£ĳôܻȥģ汻ʥҵĻһţųһЦ
ߣݣȥ𼸸һҶ磬ȥԸһеСɣҪΪ쳤ϵŵϷǶˣˣǼӿг̣ȥذɣ߳˵꣬Ǵ˶ݹһᣬǰٷȥ


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Ҳһ»ûɣڵôҲ֪ʯѣ㵽ʲôϷΪĳҪȥҲá
Сٲĳ˵ʲôҪȥڷԣĳֶΣС޷κˣĳҲҪȥǿɫһżá
ǿѣСʯĻû˵꣬ſӰһһŶɫȹ񻣬ٻӰֶ
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С̫ˣˣôôãĸˣǿЩ΢ŭЩο˵
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һǿͬСɣ˫Ŀһɵ˵СظΪˣ޸ˣ֪ɨСһ̣ǿʱ¶֮ɫ
ʲôԲôܣ֮ǰ۷ģ̶һʱ䣬ָƣôܽ״Բģǿһסˡ
ʯĵҩСǿ
ǵҩЧ棬ʯĽ׼ó޸ʹ࣬޸ϣǰȹ̼Ӳ١
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ȻǺƢСΪֱ˲ŰȻҵСãǿСԴ΢΢һЦ
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ãӦȻУһе鴦ʯ΢Ц
仰͹ˣһġС
ǿѣҲһЩɣڻһЩԲϾķԪ۷٣ڴ⼸׵ˡʯȡһֻƿ
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С˷ø״Բ֮ȴҲΪڣʹϵοԶȴǰĽ˹ϵС
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ϾֻǲƪȻ˲һ㣬ȴûк棬ʯżҲûã£ʯоʥһЩСϣʱЩս
ףϥʯȻɫһȡһöϢʯ֮ʱʯüͷһ֮ɫ


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ʯԪϣγϣϣϣϵһԪϼ࣡
Ϊ׵һɣаӣмʵʳڵһɳϣ
ֻ˸üͷһٴеӣ
ţϢȷʵɿԪһ䡣
㲻ƭǵģҲûҪʯɫһ
γüݷ飬Ҳδ̫ˣʥϣʮϣһʮԲҲ޷ֵ
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һɫԽԽɫԽԽСǺɫż˷ܣƺǰûϤӡ


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ߣ쳤һߣѾڴκΰΧԵʯսԼûлָȫʢʱڣԸʯЩĵġ
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ţʯ̧һ㣬ʥ޺Ȼһͳ˻лһ˿Ѫ֮ʥޣܲµģǿȼģ
֮Խǿᣬ׷һʥ븹УһӴ֮۶ֱ쳤һֶȥ
׼̧һǰһǽ۶ɣֻǼĹǱǽǵһ죬鲼ѺѶ
һƬʥ޿ֲ븹УⳤҲһͣķ˻ʥޣⳤϲ¶֮ɫ
״ʯɫһϲ̻ʥ޶ԸⳤϣʯҲ̫ܣȴһǧѷĻᣡ
ⳤϷֿʥ޵ʱʯλһӰ쳤ϱȥ˻ûеǵصĽâʩչ
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һһɾϯ漴Ϊһ籩Уһ׻һɨǻɢ籩׻Ӱ쳤ϵϡ
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һʮһ ʥ
ʯѽⳤϽˣ˷ıȻĳϣǿȻ
ⳤϹƶˣǲһ˷ȻҪԲ׼ڶ׷ִ˷ˣʯ˿ǿ΢΢һЦ˵
ɽ֮Уʯ㽫Ҫ񽻸棬ϸԼʥϣʱ׼ʯǲ
ԪԼıȥԪǰȥϸӵˣҲ벻̫߸оԼ
ϾڳԼҲֻ棬һˣǲƽ֮ˣȥʥˣҲ㹻ˣ
ǿʯǫĻһЦ
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ʯǿ׼漴˿Щˣһ屻Χʥ֮ˣʯɫһƣ
ʯŲض˵Ѿɽ˵ֻҪĵҩԲѾ׼ȻԸȥסʥˣһ˵
Ըʯţʥ˷׷׻شӣɽ˵βܻʯ΢΢һЦҲ÷ϻ
ãȻˣǾͽЩҩ˰ɣҪʯĳ٣Ӧ֪ʯɫ˵漴ȡһֻƿ
žһ죬ƿһʮŵҩɢķɳֱʥǰ
Ȼ˵ĸԸʯĵҩҲǶһ´˵ʱ¶ԥ֮ɫ
Ҳмˬˣԥҩ붼ȥ
Ȼ뱣ĸʲôĳӴ˾ˣһʥӽҩȥ漴㲻ˣֱɽ߸
״΢ԥƬ̣Ҳ׷׽ҩȥŪٲõģûɵֵزЩ˿ţ˼Ҳᱻ׿
ʱ˼һˣԼСɾĲˣ
˷˶ʯ΢΢һЦ־ѣĵȻȥϢӣҲϸ˻ȥϢɣ
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Ϊֻʣʮˣǵʱн˰ɣʯһ䡣
ʯѣЩ˱ǵɱһҲˣϾûѹƣֻǶʮ˶ѡ
ԣʥ֮мʵǿߣɱǵˣֱӳΧӵˣʶ־Ҳ֤мʵ̫ǿǷˮ飡ɽ˵
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ϣƽǸ߸ϣû˸ҵ͵ɱȨЩ˷ɱϣ붼ÿ£
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ɽ˼Ƭ̣Ȼ˵ͷŽʥ֮ˣƺƵķڣ
ʯǿǸ˺棬һûһ
ʯѣҪ̲ʥ˼ȥڿ¾ͲˣȥһǿΪҲ쳣˰ɣǿ۽һ˵
ǿ˵ЦˣܸңҪǿȥһ֮ʣʯĳɲңȵĹһǸУʯЦЦ
ٺ٣ʯѵֵУʵ֮ǿСڣĳҲͷˣǿ˵һ䡣
ȻʯĳȻᱣСģ߰ɣȽȥʯ˵꣬˻صɽ֮ڣǿԶԶıǿ˲Ҳ̶õһĻ
Сй֮ڣ߳ⳤͷɢһҲɫ԰ޱȣһϢ鸡֮ɫ
һϷ֮ɫĴŶˣżһƻɫϼʱʱǿʺǰͶڵ档
˵һ죬Ȼһռ𶯣ÿһ˶Ǿ岻ѣΪ֮󣬺ʥ޶ᷢΪιнй
⻹Ҫģÿһι֮Сῴ׼ᣬ͵ϮˣΣգҲǿ಻ԣһƣ֮ɫ
ֻҪһţǽŵòᣬ඼ֱ
ټʥԲսţһŭһ־ȻûһԼĳݡ
߸ϵĳϣֻЭˣһǲʵڲ޴ȥǼֱһĥ
ʯۼ˷õҩ֮˦¼öԪȺüʩŰ˿ס漴Ĳ鲻Ըĺʥޡ
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ʯѷģԲȣˣĳһ˶٣ǿʯѣԪ۷ֻвˣԲǲֻûзԪѽ׷Ԫ
޷СĹϵټϵѣĳȻںҵԪԲˡ
ֻҪ׵磬˷ԪΪԪˣһЩԪ͸ǿѣǲҪʯ΢Цֶһֻƿ
ǾͶлˣǿɫһϲ
ʯ뿪˵ЩʲôȻɫ΢䣬оһϢɢһɺɫ˸ʯæ˼ʯĳЩҪһˣ˵껰ʯ̵ⳤԪָĻᶼûУǼæص˹իЩڤ˳


һʮ 
ͼ죡
Żһ֣һֱܵķʽɫȻСȴǼźɫ
Ǻɫϴ滹ûɶ٣Ǳڤȫɻһһ֮䣬ʧϴԽԽС
˿Ӱķ̶ȣļö˿ѾΪ˻ҽۼԽҡҷƺʱҪϨӣʯü
ֻ˵飬γһ쳤һֱҵ棬ƺ˵ʲô֮󣬿Կ黯ΣĪܿǣΪ֮ʯ૵
Ѿʯ꣬ҲտɱȣٿҲǵӦ֣һҲʲô
ҪٴνױʯǲŹڤҲⳤǧʯҪǲҲʵ˵ȥˣ
ۣ죡
ʱһƺʱҪϨӣʯ˫ĿһУһ֮£עԲٿ棬Կڤ
һߣʯƻĳһӴѹͷŶȵﶨڤźɫȻһȴ޷ʯƿء
ˣڤҲ쳣ǿȻʱ·磬ɵҲ仺ΪǺɫʵǿᡣ
ÿһκâһʯʩչռ䣬ի¶Ҫڤٵ֮಻
ʱţڤʯѹ£Լ£ȻȻֿȴСţ
ʯҲһֱעŻۻɣڼżüҪûԼͱһˣڤʵʯ졣

ھһսȫʤٴձ˽ˣ
ǿ˻ʳǣСǱչڼֹԼصؽļͨʥ֮ϵõĸ߼
־ǽϢҩ֪ͨ˷սԼʥʵֲ֮ȻʯĴ˷֣ҲǴĿһ
ϸˣǵһνӴִսҪ˵ǰձչأϲʵڣ˷ֻÿֲݡ
ڱ²ٶʥ֮ˣǾסϸ󸽽һƫﵹҲУձձ˿ʼЩ
ɽȰ£Լ˿мӣҲ˰
ȻҪǰһΪڹ̣ܽԼƽⶾշЧ֮Щ˱ʵʵЩۿЦѡ
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ϼһﱻһڸԵķһʱһ˲﷢ë˺Լ̸̸ⲻܲʣʲô£
ϻнԷ˵пֻԼĥϼһﱸܼ尾ʱԽԽƽ
һʱ䣬ʹҲб仯
ǿϵǣȻʹߣһЩ񣬱ʾԸã֮ǰ£ʥָʹ˷˵ԭ
ǿҲûΪʹߣд֮ʹ߲û̻عֱڣ˱ȴ廹ҪصĴ
Ԫ֮ʮʮڣϡȱϣҩȵȣ˵ҪãԺð
Щ飬ʾ⣬Ͼ֮ǰʥңҲΥʹߣд˼ʹ߷
ƺһַЧӦ߲ãڹ½½ĸ˹еֱʳǣеڡ
ĿŶһʾã
ǰһЩһСʾã˿϶ţڴԶǴǰɱȡ
Ǵڣڸڹȵ𣬼ֱ˲֪˲Ǹ壬׷׼ɵڡ
ˮǴߵĹϵſ̣Ҳǰչ岻Ҵѹ׷׻֧֣ʾڽã
һĻǽطֻˣͰȥΪϱҲ˲ŵرͨط˽Ŀͻش
һ鶼źõķչ̼ؿȻûвǬԪ½̵ڸ˵ĶУҲСˣ

սºڣի
˳ʱ䣬Ȼûɽǰȴǲ̫һˣ
ɫ棬Ȼɫû̫ı仯ȴ˽ɢϢҲ֮ǰǿ˲١
źɫڤ𣬴˿ЩήҲֻʣһȭͷС񼸺ʧȥֻʣ±ܵĵֿĲʳ
ʯѾزٿ棬׵ػڤˣ
ʯЩļ뿴ٴβ֮ʲô仯ҲûϢע֮󣬸ڤ
ۼ죬ڤƴһ˿ܣȻͷųʯò⣬ȴЧò
ɺ⼫죬ͨԱ֮
Χһ㺮һɱĴ̹Ǻ⣬˲ĵ䣬¶įʯȻָо·ȫһ㡣
棬ҲǻҡҷԱ֮ǰȶʢڰ΢΢
ãʯȻع׿̧һ㣬ɫűĿϼȫڤϯС
ţʯֻ۳ڤһĶȥ
һڤһ˿ȻϨ𣬳ױɫСɫ棬ȴ΢΢
գڤȻܸ֮ǰǺ⾹Ȼĵģ죬ҪǼѣˣʯµ˵
ۣ֨֨
Ȼ䣬һϤЩİھڴţʯЩ͵ĿУɫȻҶЩɫߵ㣬âһʧ
ɫٴںۣŤ֮£̬ȻΪһֻߣɫëǴĽòȻм֮
⡭ʯŭŬ죬ȴû˵ЩĴɫС
ۣ֨֨
ɫСϼһ̬ȻСΪĴָС࣬СԴʯСһ
ٺ٣Щ˼ҵĻĪǻκǣСһʯһ֡
ɫСһ㣬һʯϣӵƤһʯģС֥ЦСԴʯ󣬿Уȴִżֻ


һʮ 
ɫСʯ΢ЦĶ˶ָоɫëƺһģһʯúܣⲢһֻСֻǻû̬ѡ
ɫС￴һ޺ЦݣˣһŽ
֮ǰӻϣ֮Ϊ棬ڤܲܽڤɣȻοˣ͸֣ʯɫһ˵
ۣ֨֨
ɫСＱæ˵ͷ˰ЦȻʯҲףΪλữӣҲģµΩΩФŻ˳ۡ
Ȼǻ黯ΣͨǾͽɣʯȻ뵽飬漴ʼ磬һƺѣֻҪԼϲͺˡ
ۣ֨֨
ɫС˵ص˵ͷֻСǰצƴػζѣǼΪԼ֣Χʯ
Ȼûʲôᣬɶݵٶȣޱȣ
أ
ʱȻڰȻһ٣¶ŭ⣬֨֨һŭ֮âʢһɫܷȥ
өСĻʯҲûᣬֻĿ˻⣬漴ɫһ壡
£ʯ麰һСƲƲ죬¶һί֮ɫವһصʯߡ
ףʯȻ۽һȻԼĻ⣬Ȼ֮ǰһ㿴Ʋۣөɫճϡ
һ
ǻǸһɫ⣬Ƿ죬ðҪʯ߶һ¾ͻᱻɫǳơ
һĻʯȲѣССһöǣڿܣʯһ֣իڣѣ
ףȻһСˣ
СһﻹƿزԼԺûҵǲҪֵĺãʯ˵껰һӣǰɫСʧ
ʦ֣λϹ˰ˣɱţǲǸȥһˣ⴫
ԣʯ˫ĿһУ˼Ҳã⼸ƼŵҩȻȥǣȲᣬϺ꣬һʱ䣬ǵİ
Ǻã˵껰Ƿ˵أ
ʯ΢΢һЦ漴һӣһöԪְָգ쳤еõģһֵģǰɫǶܣʯһȻһı
һ֮£˲סԪָⳤѾϵĻӡǲĨһٷĹֻžһ죬Ԫָǰâһӡʧ
ʯ΢΢һЦһ֮£һƬɫڽָϯţƷֶؾصɢ˵棡
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ֱһֻɫǲ棬ɫǶܲӣһޣȥʲô޵ڽƶɣȻޱȣȴʮ㡣
ʯɲţϹͨԼԪָڣ²ԼʯԪϽһģҪǿ
ǰɫǲ棬һĪϢ㲻ѿһܲСıǼޣʺŮʹãʯû̫ϸ
Щ֮⣬һЩƷ׼ߵϡвϣ̿չҲԲ״ģ滹ЩʯвֵľʯҲ֪ʲôϡ
ףǡʯȻ˫ĿһЩӰ˵ĲУȻа˿ԲξʽɫȻԼڶϻڣҵĲࡣ
ʯǻɣЩǴ߶ã̺ܱȣʲôʯҲ
СĽ龫ʯ鿴ջ񣬷Щ֮УʵвϴãһЩϲģʯҲ£Լʶ˿ɲ
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ʯöзܷһöʯûмϻһѪɫСˣȥǷȴֲ̫
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ϧǣַãƵ󷨷ȴ̫ƽʯôΪģȻҪõ磬һġ
̵ϲ֮ʯʮֻľУʮֻƿԼסƬҩֲ꣬ʯһ
ûҩȻôⶪǿϧãûг׿ή컯¶ڣǿԿٻָģʯ΢΢һЦ
򿪼ֻľ֮ʯʱɵۣΪʮҩԼֻϳһңûмֻҽʢϼ
ʣµһ룬ҩʶʯʯȴʶҩ
ã⼸ƿҩд;ʯ˿ֻƿǼָ߼ָָƣжٵ
ЩҩʯҽʢϼҩȲûвϣãⳤһ˹ֻҪԼԼ
Щҩ֮սߺֹһмֶ洦ĵҩΪٶȼ죬Զͨҩɱȡ
ʯЩɣĳж฻УѲ½ʥֻⳤҷ
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ʥ֣ϲӦþⳤ϶ԸʱʹõĽɫͨˣ˹ܵǲʯЦЦȻõʥ֮
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ⳤ϶ս֮ʱⳤʹù˵ʩչ֮ʱٶȼ죬̺綾˷ʤ
ûлҪֻҪһƤҲж˵ӦǸ߽׶ƳģⳤϵĴ洢ӦòǸ߽׶ޡ
ѪһǣϾ綾ʩչ֮ʱﵽ˲״ֻ̬Ҫ˲ʩչƵ˵һ֧ѪҲܱڶֻ˵Զһ㶾޵ĶҪĶࡣ
֮ʯּԼĻȻҲ޷ʱһˣɼǶֶ֮ߡ
ɷµöʯʯ֪һɨ֮󣬺Ȼ˫Ŀһ¶ɲ֮ɫ
ͨʥӳʯɫһæ鿴ļأĵطԼɲֹ˵һˣ


һʮĻ Ϣ
ʯŵöʯ֪鿴ļأʱüʱɻʱ¶Ȼ֮ɫһʱʯŻջ
Ȼһͼʯüͷ˵
ݼأͼⳤ϶ƴճģеǸԼ߹·ߣеǸݱ˵Ŀ
еںڷ̳УõɢͼƴնɼˣͼȻûչͨʥȫò
ֻ쳤һӣռͨʥͼϣȫʯУνŪˡ
ͼȻȱȫƴ˴գһ·ȴǼɫ·߱ǣﵽһԨһִȻɵ
沢δעƣֻע˴Ѿ黯ΣҼѲⳤҲûмƴյͼӦþΪռϢλá
ⳤ˴Ļǵõ𣬿һ֮󣬶ȻĪĺôʯ˫Ŀһе˵
Ƭ̣ʯô˷ջģĪͨʥͼˣȻȱȫʯõһϢ
ҽͨʥ֮󣬴Ҳ֪һЩΣͷӬҴܣͼϱע˼аڰ
ȻǶǺüӵĴԲһ˽ȥ˵ͼ֣ʯ֪ζܼϡͿ
һջʯСĽͨʥͼ
Ҫû棬Ϲֵ˵ҪӰҵ񣬶ս֮нἫΣգʯ˫Ŀһе˵
һ˼ʯвϱֱ˳㽫ǰ׹Ƕƣ׹ǲ棬ԼҲˣʯû뿪ҡ
ֱȡ¯ҩһЩҩֱʮ뿪ի
´ڣֻһڣ೤ϾһӰûУʯü
Ԫأôֵ´ʯɻʵ
Ϸȫչˣǽ׺۷ҲþˣֻսһֱûʱüչسԲƿ΢Ц
ŶҲãڴԲ̫١ʯ̾Ϣһ
ٺ٣صģ˷չصǲ٣һɳϾʮˣһҲжʮˣϸҲʮˣҪȫɹ״ԲٸʮԲڣ΢Ц
ȫӴʥȥȥʮԲԷʮ˶Եֵʯüͷ
ôˣһЦ緢˵ҵУ·ز۵Ĳ֪жˣߵһʵס
Ҳܱǿ˲٣٣Ƕ˼ǧ꣬ʶෲûнӴĶ
ʥȻӴ󣬵ҲϣǰطعϰټԪ֮УмֵʮڵĲϣ㹻żӹһ
ȻƵĵҩҪûˣǰҩٴһطڹɹĵҩѾǧԪڡ
ȻԪǳɹֻʮԪڷԺڣȷʵİˣϷѾ֪ͨǲҪκıչؼɡ
һǽ׵˺۷壬ԳһԷԲƿһ꣬ڱɶİٷԪԲԪһǧˣʲôϷ;Ѫڣк֮У
ò˵Ҳ׳־һҲʯѪڣ
һЩӰɣŵҩ㣬ĵͽ׵̫٣Ԫռһʯɫ
üǲգ嶼޷ˣǣȥ·ˣҲûٺϸģǵ˵˵ʵЩˮнˣ
Ŷ⵹ҲǣһûΰţҲζͣͲǰˣʯ°ͣŽĹ滮
ˣϱһˣڼҲûȥԼȣǲӦȥˣ˵
ԣʯһĵ˵ͷҲãǰһЩȻڣЩʱһְɣɫƿǶɫƿǽҩÿ£һŽҩ
ŶõģӹԪָ漴ʯ뿪´
ǰֵسϹʺһ漴ֳһöһӣһɽڱεĴſֶ
״浥һһöУǴſһ֮󣬵ڶؽƲ򿪣Ÿ֨һ˿
˽УһտյûʲôĵطҪϸͻᷢϿգǳλ·ҲǹĹ㡣
Щ㿴£ȴƺ̺ĳֹɣǲǻ˲˽£ֻҪߴһλУɢ
⣬Ԫ֮𣬾󷨽ƣҲ㲼˰֣Ī˵ŽƷûУǶҲ봳ȥ
ĳſڣֳһ֣Ͻ֮ʧͬʱһ§İ衣
ʯƣ谵޹⣬֪£һűʯھͱǴһӰó֮ĸ߳ϡ
˿̵ͷɢĿ࣬ڣ˫Ŀͨ죬⸱ģųȥ϶˻ؤ̣꣬ھһֱûʱ
нϣ޷޸ƣûߣ൱ڷˣҪǷԪԲڷˣһ¶ˡ
Ŵ򿪣һƹϼҫ߳һϲͨ˫ĿȻ󣬿ˣ׼˭
Ǵ۵Ĺϼ߳˫ĿһУҲ֪ûˣе㲻ӦҪǻǰûƣĻֻҪʩչһܹ˫ۣ˫ĿڰӦ
ڣ붼롭
ʯһһ֮£Źϣͬʱʯ棬ǳľΣľ׵ϿգһĹ
˵ֱҫڸ߳ϣ׹ĿľΣںڰ֮Уʯ棬ľ֮ϡ
ЩƬĸоǵþ춼ʷ˵ģٺ٣ʯһЦ
濴˹һĻȴЩԣ˵ʱ˾ʰɣЩ֪ʯյֶΣȻ̫ôһЩϸ΢ôͿһ߱
棬Ԥʱ䣬߳ϴ飿ʯͻʵ
һ㶣ڰҲû߳Ϸ֣俴ǹĿЩ̫ӦʯĻɵȻһ
Ŭض˼ǣȴһҲ
Ŷ׼մǰŻҪһ˽һЩʥܡ˵
ʯһһ֮£߳ϵ߳ͬץס˾ݣæ˻
ɱңϷʥϣҡ߳ϵĻû˵꣬ͱʯִϣ
Цʯĳ㣬Ϊʥܷȥˣֻҵĵ˼һЩʵŹԼĵˣʯ΢Ц
Ҫɱң֪ʲôϷȫ㣬ʲôԣݵˣʵ
Ǻǣˣų˵ƶˣѾʥңʯĳֻҪɱ㣬ͬ˳ڣ㣬ֻ㼸飬ų˵Ƿһѣ㻹Ҫģʯɫһ
ʲôǸͽѡ˳ǣң߳۽һϸ˼ãҲûпڣʯҲסӣ΢ЦĿŸ߳ϡ
ߣСӣҪ˵ƶˣ˭ҲȲ˹Ϲ֣˵ƭ㣬Ϸ˵ʥʵ飬Ҳδš
ɱϷ˵ʲôʲôǻζֻ֤ҪӦϷϷԸ˳ڣһʵĽʥ飡߳صҲ֪ʯĻΪ˱ס
ŶɾʯĳΪˣҿǴӦ㴦ģʯƬ̣ڵɣ˵һЩʥ顣
ҿ˵Ƿһİ汾ȽϸҸʯĳῼǽȻʥ²ȫ죬ô
ãϷӦ㣡ʯ䣬߳ϱǼæ˵ͷʥ飬ʯһԲϸŸ߳ϵĽ


һʮ ⷨ
ʥӴڶǵ֮ϡ߳ϻ
ݸ߳˵ʥλõ죬ǵÿ±仯ǳ֮ʱǵųˮǵΪʩҲᱻϫû
ȻΪ˰ȫ컹ǱƲ󷨽ƣ㵺޷аθǳһ̶ȣҲᴥƣ
±ûˮУ޴ĵҲбˮ󷨣һһ㣬Ӵĵ֣õİȫ⡣
ˮһĹ˸ûʲôɵĵģǵһδսǺüǰˣǸ߳һĳϣҲûоĴս
ΪʥڶˮһҲַ޷ԽʥǬԪ½Ļ½ͱΪƽˡ
ʥ˵ķʽҲǱһ񣬷ֱǰǬԪ½ѡϼ֮жĴڣǴҲûмʥķۡ
ҲһЩʧٵԭʵҲֹʧƵ£һ㶼ǱʥǿߣȴҲǺˡ
ȻȻʥԴḻҩ㣬ʥ˸ʶ⣬ҲǸ綼ܽ״Բ֮
ν飬ЩΪԸĹϵЩΪľĹϵԭճƿʧܣø³
ͬʧٺüˣǻ߻ģֻϼΰԼŷ㣬Ĺΰֱ
㹻ԴҲǸžģ
ˣÿһλʥΪ˾ԵɣŬĴѰЩ֮࣬ҲɫһЩ˲š
ԣʥ֮вڶ࣬һٶǷԪԲ֮ΪģҲֻʥˣ̤ʥ벽
ʥжϣ£ʯʵ
ϣϷҲ̫Щϼһһչؾǧ꣬Ҳ֪Щǻÿһ϶ġ
ϱɳϣǰԼ£󲿷ֽϣ˵ÿ£ʮϣϵĿĳҲ޷ͳơ
µĿϷ͸û취֪ˣΪʥϵڶ࣬ϵ֧Ҳ֪ʥûджԲȫԱǸ֪Щϣֻǵ֣û߳˵
Ŷ߳˵˵û˵һŵûУһɲųϵ˵Īʯü
ʯˣϷСҪ˵֣Ϸ֪ϰ٣ǧ򣡡߳ϻ˵
ʲôԲڣʯ۽һ漴׼ҲɶĿĿ࣬˰û˵
ӴԸڣֱһһͱ̤ƽˣԼķʥ˵ֱǸЦ
ֲʥĿˣͿ𼸹ʵ԰ıǮʯа뵽ҲʥЩΪ˿
˵ų˵Ŀ࣬߳ӦûЩ˵ɣʯʵ
л߳һ£漴ͷʥԱṹԱʥλãʯѾ֪ʥһЩ⹦ϷҲȫᣬҲÿ˶ʸѧϰģǶǸݹһġ
ֻҪ֪ģԴڳϣڵͽ׵Ĺ򼸺ûУԪϾ¸һҲûˡ
ǰ˾ͽȨ˵һЩεϣ飬๦Ҳ׼ѧϰ
ϣʯü
ڴϽⷨһϣʵˣıԶԣĸ磬ҪȻʥݣõóϹĶĲϱ߳˵
ⷨ죬ٺ٣һԺֵܣǰԵʯҡͷһЦ
ʯſɱΪʵСⷨϣֵܶıԣʵͨǼֱرҪȻⷨҲϴϵλãͨϣҲⷨϵĶ֣߳ɫ
ԭˣһɱ쳤ϣ˴ʯü
ʲôɱ죿߳۽΢΢һЩŵĵʱɱģѵǰʱ֪Ǳץˣ
Ǻǣ߳ˣֻǵǹʹǱ֮ǴŰ˽ڣֻȫǻˣһսʯɫ
⡭߳üͷʯţǴ˴ⷨϲ̣ҼǳԲ׷ŹڵģͲܷŹڣ
ˣʯʵ
ǺǣϷڹ˳㣬ҲֻǱһʱǣʥһƾηʥǲͬˣ߳̾Ϣ
߳ôһ˵ʯ棬Ҳȷո߳˵ʥʵڵȷһ
չصĳȫ׷ԪԲǶʮˣҲûʲôãʯ첻ǵģ
ʯҲ̫ģ֪ΪΣˮһʥҲҵֹ̫
ټϳ֮ϵڶ࣬ⷨβøȣҲ̫ñֵΪһ˽Թ̫ڣⱻץסҡԼϵݡ߳˼
ŶʯĲɵӦһʥǺγɵģʥйҲΰݹӡʲôĿģ
߳ü˼ãʥʲôʱγɣһϣҲˣ֮ƾãһֱԵֿˮһ壬ΪΡ
ڲΰݹӡĿľΪø壬֪ʥĴڣǬԪ½κһбҪʱûʥĵǲ
ΰݹӡʵһˣȫŽȺڤڤ֮жǲΰӡҲȷҴˡ
Ŷ߳ϴ˲ٰɣ˵ʥֿҲԣ֪ӹǼ٣ǰֽŲ档
ĳҲΰݹӡǾͻڹӶĳѱ̫ƽһ˹ӡȫΰݣֵ̫ƽ
濴ǹӡӹˣùҳò˥ʵʡĪΪʯĳ֪ʯЦ
߳üͷһ壬ҡͷʯţѾڷϴ˰ɣʱʥ飿ʥǿѡ
Щ飬Ǻڷ̸Ĩڵҥ԰ˣȻҲЩҶʥΰݹӡĻ壬ʥҲǿ󣬲ųһЩΪ£ĳҡ
ǬԪ½˺嫣ĳһСطĳСʥĳһԼӵңҲȫָƵģҲûʥһ֣ϼӹ̵ܽġ
ûвΰݹӡڹûʥӻӶûйӡĹңյ¹ҲǸĳ˵ڤڤ֮ж
ûйӡȻòʥ֮ıӻ˲ǳ飬ȻҲҹҲһбӻ֮ģҪһԼˡ
Ŷ㾹Ȼ˵ҹҲˣѵǲʹ޺ڷ̣ڷ̵ʲôϵ߳ѵĲ֪øӡĿģʯ˫ĿһŸ߳ϣ


һʮ ߳ϵĴ
Ŀģ߳ɻĴʯϷΪʥ֮ˣѵûʥĿģǿ֮ŽʲôĿģ
ںڷ̣ҲʥĴڣ߽磬ֿ½һǬԪ½ֻºֶβ̣ʥͬ
м֯ڷֶ̼֮ʱǷһЩСģɱҲ޴󰭣ƽʱ뾮ˮˮССֵľͺˣ
ԭˣ߳ϵ˼޺ڷ̣ʯЩ˵ͬʱҲָ߳ϲ˵ѣҪ˵ӡֻиŽʯȴǲ̫š
ñʵеҲڽ̣Ĵͽ£ʯ²Ǳ濴նô򵥡
˭ĸڽ̶ܱһƽͼƽΪЩͽڷ̺ʥƣ
ʯ˿벻ͨû̫Լ䣬ȴһģĲ²⣡
ϷΪҪʹ޺ڷ̣Ƕʥڷ̵ССְˣҲǶǵһֻڷ̶Դ̫̣ʥͬ
żڷЭ߳ԤڷԻڷΪһ˽һҪʥֹڹҲҪ꣬аʹޣе֪Ķִѹǣ߳ɫ
ʯü߳ϵԴǸҲǺĺڷ̼λ˲ϲʯҲЩ˺ڷ̡
ѵԼ߳ϴˣʯȻһ侲˼ãҲ㲻ʲôϴԣֻ˵ǣԼʷ˽̫٣Ӵĸ߲㲻࣬Ǻ˽
еʱԼΪʥԣоڷ¹䣬Ϊ˵ԵʣӶ뵽䱳Ҳʲôö
ͱ¹Ľ¡ʯôҲúڷҲʲôãʲôĻҲ¡ˬڸǡ
ֱԼ˰䣬Ϊһ˽СʥǹɣҸ߲֪˵Ϊ񣬲˶䱳ʥУӶɱ˫ۣоʥûһö
Ϣǲͨ˽ٰ̫ڽӴˣССҲԿıǣʯҡͷʱо¡Լڷ̾ǺõģҲЩˣ
ҲΪĹϵ͸ʥһʼûöñӣҲ֪ԩ˶ˣǻӶԼǷǡ
Ȼʥˣô˵һЩʥķṦΰߺڷĳ£ʯһ䡣
Ǻǣģ˵ٶʯҲδţֻԼӴ˽⣬ʱˣȻ֪Щģ߳ʼ硣
Ǻǣ߳ϻ壬Ͷ֣Ҳ̧ԼʯЦЦ
߳
߳Ϊδ˹ҵɽţΪһ˽ѵ߳ΪԼĺܶԣʯЦ
߳üͷһ壬漴ЦĳֻΪⳤһϣŴӦСµǸоֵ
׾ٵõĺôϷܾҲû׼ţǷ˺˭սҲ޿ɱ⡣
ѵʯûΪԼ˽ȥɱˣı㲻ΪԼסܣɱڣ
ʯûӾ̽գᱦ֮ʱʯûΪ˽ɱˣΪѰĴұΪΪ˸˽մѪ˭У
ǿʶ
ȻܶᵽĵҲǵΪ̫ϳϣѵûΪԼ˽棬ȥȺʵǷԸ⣿ߣ˵ǶһҲ淨򣡡߳ϰȻ
ˣʯĳ̽Щʥ飬ɻҪģʯɫʵ
ýģҲˣ̫ۻ˼ǧ꣬ϷܸܲλɣλʲôϷʵشǣԲа߳ɫһ
Ŷðɣʯ°ͣ˼Ƭ̵ȻԸ˳ңʯĳΪˡ桯ҪһŶҲܷĵġ
û⣡ʯԤϣ߳ˬĴӦ
ãŶʯĳ£Ȼÿ£㷢һνҩҪûнҩĻҲȲ㡣
ҵҩֻʯĳƣ缸ʯĳƽ£ұʥ˻ɱˣǸ߳Ҳֻˣʯ΢΢һЦ漴ݳһֻƿ
ֶʯŻСģģֻҪϷ֮ڣһȫţΪ˱ģΪԼСϷҲµġ߳⵽
˵껰ʯٿƿǴ򿪣Ŷз߳ϵĿУж߳Ҳ޷漴Աɢȫ
Ƭ̺󣬸߳ϸһģĺֻۼԲ
ðԵĶԣû뵽ʯžȻǶޣңһĶޣ߳üͷһ˵ŶЧã˸߳ϵԤϡ
ʯ˶٣漴üͷ߳˵һЩ飬ųϵȷûнˡ
ߣΪԼݺңɱʯŷģų󣬸ĳһȫǣЩ󷨽ƣϷҲָ½һȻмֻǲġ߳˵
Ǻãʱ߲ܸ߳ɣȻ˻߳ϣȥųתת˳㽫˽ˣʯ˵Żվ漴뿪˴˼ҡ
ţǹųϻûпڣѵҪɱˣ߳ϵĻҲֿ֪ţҲʹųһȽϺãºɱҲٵģ˭˵ٻɵ˭У˵Լʯ΢Ҳ֪ڴʲộ


һʮ߻ ⷨ
Ϊδãʯһ䡣
üϷһ¹ųϣ˭˵˼ٻɱ˭ȻŶԸ߳˵ĻѻҲԲ
ʯЦЦһϣߵΣԣһģ˵ȴԶһҪܰǶԸʥϡ
ѵɱκһ֮ǰ˵Ļɻ
ºð죬ʱ߸߳ϣ˵ųϻشҲϸЩطȸ߳úá
ܹųǻɱ߳ϱȫԼûͬ⣬ø߳ƷԽҲΣͿ߳ϵıˡʯһ
һ㶣漴˫ĿȻһźð취һ˱ؽ¼ɣ߰нţͿȫˣ٣ǲԷ˵ʲôЩ´ǶС
ڣǾͬİ취ȥԸųϼɣʯ˵껰˹ų֮ڣ

ʥһ㳡֮ϣ
һЩ½׷ԪԲ£ĳֿ飬ܷ絭ᣬһʲô
żЩʵõ£⼸ϱָ㼸䣬ֻûʲô
ǿֻʩչΣûãǵܿˡʩչΣǿЩϰɽĻᶼûУȻʱ϶ʥˡ
ǣǷʥȥˣһҲܶսͬײ·磬ôУУڵѵֻǳڣԺӴѶȵģһɫһѵ
ǣԣɫһ׷ҧأ֧ڳ㣬Ҳٴʩչ˹ľһ˿
Ȼ̿಻ԣҲ򵽣ЩʱýʡҪʡúޱʱ򣬾Ҫȫѧ̵
⻹࣬ߣǺúѵɣ߽ѵ꣬Ǵһ˵˵ЦЦ
ι˵˾ͽһ£ֻϧһֱԵüǼûУ
ٺ٣ҿǼȷһλŮֻϧǸˡ
ΣϣҾܾɣ
׳գͨǿ˾ͽϵˣ㻹ӲĲɣ
ʲô˾ͽѾλѾʲôˣӲ£һνʼ磬˵ʱԵ㣬һ˿ɵ
Ǽʲôأϸѵ֪˵˵˾ͽȻλҲǿ۵ģ𣿡ʱһŰ£ֳȣòӢӣԶ˹
ڳϣ˼꣬Ī˵һȻ𾴣ǼҲƨûҷһæʩ
ЩɣܸʥһЩ˲ţʲôǿˣˣԺ󲻸˵Ļ˵ⱻ̵˰Ǵߡ
ʥض࣬ɭϣǲҪӿڳ̵ߵˣ֪ϼһƢǴϣҲһӣɫ
лڳϸ룬ҵȽǡϵͷ˵
⻹࣡˵껰һλһӰĳȥǶͷܾꡣ
ǿѹ˵ڳϵġ취࡯Ѿ˵أǲκҲֻɱϣ
˵ڳڷ̳ϣõͨǿǳϰ붼룡
ˣұ˵ˣٻʲôأѵǰɣһ˵껰˱ֹͣ˽̸
ʥУĳĴڣ
һŰ׷ͷף˫Ŀ΢յߣһ֮ϡ
ֵǣϸоκȥһ㣬Ǹ֪ɨȥϸ鿴¶ԷߵĴڡ
߿ƽƽ棬ȷʵ쳤Щƣˣʥϡⷨ
Ҳ֪˶ã˫Ŀ΢΢һʵʰľâ˫֮в
ʱһӰڴſֶһֳȣӣˣǸսѵ˼ϵڳϡ
ڳϸһţɫϣ
ɣʲô𣿾ȻҲˣⷨ˵껰ڳü
ϣм飬׼˵쳤׶༪ˣɫ
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²㣬һ֪ǻϷλò֪ж˵ǣûȶܲΪ˽ȥ˼ŵģǼϼһﶨȻҪվ˵Ǹ̵ü
Ī£ĳô֪ͨǽһ£˵쳤ϻ˸߳ųϣ˶ûл׶༪ˡ
ǴҸڣ˵ȥҪˣȻһԲͻɱǵţŲ鿴һȦλѾ޹
Ȼ²ҪϷԸʲôĳԻ׵ⱻץס˵ϵлҸˣҲΪʥλϵİΣԼΪ쳤ϱ𣡡ڳ˵
ԣⷨ΢΢һЦãǾ鷳ڳˣһҪʬΣ˳Ǹ﾿ûУ취
ǣϷģûдϣҲûнңնѱڳϹֵ
ȥ²ˣֻϷܺ棬λԳ֣˼ϣȻûһȥȡţǬԪ½֮ϣʱйⷨü
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һ㣬ҲǴŰԸҰģڳɫ
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ݴԣʥ֮ʶ˽Уҵһ£Ǹŵĵӣŵʥġڳ˵
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ʲôѵ˾ͽͽܣǴӲյӵϷȻ֪£ⷨ˵껰˫ĿȻһˣ¶䣿ҵģĪǡ


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˿̵ڣֱԭʥĸ߳ųϣֱʥһٶ²
Ż岼ãڰڣһЩʥԪأԼһЩȽķֶΡ
߻ǸĽڼнƣЩԪϽ飬໹ǰո߻
ʯҲ˽Ϊ˱ʥ֮˶Ը߳ϵϤڸĽ֮ʱ֮˸߻󷨾ĵãûв֪ʥһЩ󷨽ơ
ȻҲʥһЩ߼󷨣ó壬Ƿ󣬻߹ƣһоͨʥ󷨵˶󣬱֮С
󷨲ãĽԼɽŷֵذڣ࣬󷨣߶Ҳ߻ŵľ
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Ҫʯε⣬ʹ֣ڼʯе⣬űͿȴǶ
ȻҲʯҪЧһУҲʯһֲ߻ģֻеϸ˲֪ѣ
ڿɲı䣬⼸ԪϣϣϣªϣԼһɵ½ء
Щҡһ䣬׵˴Բ֮ʮˣмˣ½׵˷Ԫ۷壬ҲڱչأԪƿ
֮£ٶȾͿ࣬ĻʳڣѾн˽˷ԪԲЩûгء
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úúãҲ˴Բ֮񻰣ҪȻǼһɵĳϣҪ˳Խˣ濴Ԫˣ΢΢һЦ˵
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֣ѾӦǳƿʧܣµ˵
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Ҳˣʯ˿һɵĳϣֻʣ˲ʮˡ
˳̾Ϣֻʣһ˿ΣЩ飬޷ƿԤϵģ
飬ƿʧʲô˲õģֻ˵ûݸԵҲ٣ҲһˣֻЩ˴һ㣬ƿʧʻЩԴǣʵЩ˷ˡų˵
ʯüͷһ壺Żﲻʥûôץʶ֮ˣǬԪ½ˣֻһССĹңû취Ƚϵġ
˭涨ɲȥյӣʥҲû˵ֹأǷĴѰҺʵѡϰˣڼţȴЩЦˣ߻
ɫЩãҪ˵ЩʲôʯȻ˰֡
߻Ǹڴһ·յ̫ѣ˵Ȼû˹涨ȥĹյӣΪβһ£ʯ˫Ŀһ˵
⣬ʼϷδĸܿյӣ𣿡ü
ʲôʵģ˼ʥһֱ𣿴λΪϤɣλˣһ´ʮִ³ϣƣȥڹһʯЦ
û⣬ĳ¾񣡡߻˵꣬ŻҲʾ
ٺ٣ĳ¸óЩɲĳЩֻ󷨽ơŻһ߻Ҫŭ㱻ʯϡ
ˣ¾ôˣǲܿ׳ʥǰһʯ˵꣬ɫٴγأ߳һ仰ҲԺ˾޴ĸı䣡


һʮŻ ʥʥ
󣬹Ż߻ɳʮ£ʮˣÿ˴ʮִµӣǰյӡ
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һԱ涼ǿ߻Ǵˣ󼸵󷨽һҴ˸ٿشڳһط
طƽʱ޴ã˶սǼһ㣬ٿشԵУȴܽʡҷ֮£ñ߲٣ҳ־ǿ
߻𣬲ЩطЩ֮ҲȻʱ˼òϣһ㶼϶࣬Ҳôǳ
߻Ҳ˵ĿǰԴѷ̫٣ûдﵽЧг˲嵥ʯʯҲһǰͽ嵥ڹطˡ
Ҫ̵֪İЧʣһģڹ̣ͨĿҲطʯѧϰġ
ЩȻѾ޴󣬵ǸûĻҪΪ޴ı
ҲѾʼһˣطֱڲͬĹңطΪ˰İȫѽɽ˰ߡ
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ſӰһȻɫֶԻһŻۣɫ԰ףһϢ鸡ߣ˲ƣǻѪ
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ݵλ˭ǣĸ̣ǻ壬һ͵ðƴΣա
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ʦطûáطĻû˵꣬ͱʯִϡ
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Żüͷһ壬ϸĴطã˫ĿȻһ˵Ҳʳʥôܣ
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ʥһֵҩΪֻгϵĺӲʸãô˵֮󣬱ʮ»̥֮ӳ֣ɱ̥ơ
ͨҲϳ˵ţΨһȱǣ̥еҩ޷̥̽״ֻг֪Ů
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˭˳׼ˣطĲ״ʯüͷһʵҲĿת˹ȥ


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ط绺˿˵ʦЩȫ֣ҲԱϳʲôˣǵĹֶμȫɱУӦòǵ֮
ŶʯüĪʥˣ
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ʯ˼ĵ˵ͷطֻǺ۷ΪҪһʥ£ǼûԱ
жˣ˵˵徭ʯʵ
˳֣һԲ۷壬ԪڣջȥͣҸպڹ̸һ·ϣ⵽˴ɱط˵
ѵǺڷ̵ˣü
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۷Ϊ֮һԲڣҲ˲ˡ߻̾
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ʽʲô˿´붼룬ƲСȣȴû뵽˾Ȼҡ
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ʦʮ֣òŰɣЩǮϣҲܸǴκ棬ھӪ֮һеĿ
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ʯ˵ͷĹ˼޵ķԪڣȷʱߣѾЩ֣ҲòϣǳԸɷĴڡ
һõʱŻᷢб޻Ȼ˺ʮˣҪûֻ֣ڵȥЩٻˡ
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طȻµʲôʵ˵ôǸϽͷл
лʦط֣ص
ʦͽͲؿˣȨΣڰǣÿ˵ȥɣκһҵĶҲ˲ˣʯ΢Ц
ʯţ᲻ʵŻü
޷½ԲڣǶ뿿󷨣һСֲ޴ţʯΪ˼ӰΣֻܵɳһЩʥ֮ˡ
طǻж磬ʥ֮ڣǱ붼飡
ˣ˲ҪԼװҪһϢһĳһЩϱ۸ǵһʱ֪ҳż۸δǣд̲չĲȡʯ˵
طüʦǼ򵥵ϢھУĳʲô仯һʱ֪ͨңʱ
Ҫ˵ϢǽһӴϵƵĻʽãװҪ̵ķãңһܸǴʲô̫ľЧ棬ССȥļ۸񸡶Ҳ̫ںġط˵
ףʯ˰֣̫ˣϢ磬ɲԼãҲñ˸ʹá
ñ˸ʹãطЩɻ
Ҫ̽ĳҩϢҪ̽ĳ˵Ķλãĳ˵Ĺͨص㣬Լĳвϡ
ֱζĴɱͿרҵƵϢ簵е飡
֮һΪ˻ǾͿӴϢ磬˷һϢԸ㣬ö⻨֧
ҪǣϢ磬Ҳ벻ĺôϢͨԣмֵģҴ̽ϢԽ࣬ǵķԽ͡
п˴̽Ϣһ˾Ϳ˳·ףȡֺôһֵߵϢǿ޳ɱΣϢˡ
Ϣ粻̴޴ôҲܹãҴЧ棬ҪԽسɱģʽľӪֻܴһˣʯ˼˵
ʯȺ˵˹ԼװԼӴƵϢ磬ʼ˻췽ҹ̷ûʲôô
ʯĽ⣬ϸƷζ֮󣬲ŷʯĿ֮Զ߻ŻˣҲаǲʥʯĻɳһµĵز


ٶʮһ ʨӴ󿪿
ˣλ֮ǰ˵ʥô£Ǳ֮ʥʯȻһ䡣
߻˵ʥǶţһ֪ˣҲ֪ĸϸ
ֻ֪ʥӦòǱʥҲŲżȻõĻԵˣǵһڷս֮еõġ
Żü߻ôһ˵ҵǸţҲö֪Ȼط봫зʳʥ״̬ƣҲһǷʳʥɵġ
ҩҩԱ濴Ųģʵ̫ˣϷ⺺֪ҩԲҩ˵طʵᵽʥģʵڲ̫ܣط籾ʵġ
˵ʥ棬ʯҲط粻ǷʥĽͨĸ
ǿδأ߻˰֣Щʵ֮ˣ˵·زۣЩʵƽһˣ˵˵õһɳ죬⿿ľԵط磬֮ʱùʲô
߻ôһʣط绹¶˻֮ɫ
Ĭãط绺˵ͷǵʱǻһһа޶սܾˣа޶ˣҲƴնɱ
ʱҲǱɣжж㣬Ҳһұ㽫ҩȫ̵ٺаϵĴ洢
Щɫںޣζĵҩҩ뵤Ҳ̵û뵽ǼһʱҲ²Ӧг׼Ľҩʱ־ģ̷ʲôҩҾͼǲˡ
Ǿ͸ˣôõǿϽҩаҲǻ붼롣ŻЦ
ã߻ٴηԣϷ֮ʱڻʱ򣬾͵õһöԪԼֲĹͨ
ǵõԪսܾˣв϶Ϸõ˵ЩʱõʲôòһʵǻԵ
ʥʥҲ֪ʵǿΣûпܱһ̷ǻԵ
֮ԵһȻ翣Ҳò֮治У˵ʲô˲õҩͱĳ۵Сõ֪ʱ򣬵СͳΪ۰һĴڣ
߻ЩΣǵ棬طҲûһ㻵˶٣ʯط磬ڵȥϢɣԽԽ˻ԽԽࡣ
ֻҪ㰴ҽľӪ֮һ缸֣һĴڣԺСԱ˶ῴۺ졣
ܣҲ޷ʱػİȫߵʱ򣬾ͽʥ֮˴ߣ㸺裬Լ߰ɡʯɫһ˵
ǣʦطӦһ漴˳ȥǼ
ʯΪβռӣʱҲѡһӰˣĳ֣лһλᣬʳڵСӣǷʥҲϵȡ߻Ц
Ŷ֪߻˵ǺˣʯȤһ䣬۸߹˿佱ϡС
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˳Ϸͨ򼫿죬һʩչϵܶҪһЩʯǲͽϷͽ˼ˡŻЦ
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ʣʯҲȷ̾ᣬֻǵڴյһӣѾ˷ԪԲ
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ھ˲ţƽȷչһ飬Լȷ棬ԼЩҪλϴţʯǲʺɫ˲š
ҲһɺϣţҲԼһЩָѹ̫󣬷ʯ治һὫŴ׳
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棬ʮǰ鲻ɽӰɡʯתֿ˿档
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һ׶Ԫ֮һ죡
˻Ϊطģףأ˽طΪ˵ʯȴɻ
طʱܿţ˵ͺҲԼһˣСֻ׬ǮоôǮʱ䲻ȥ׬ǮڻǮģ
֮棬ʯλԪһɳϣϣԼΪŽӰ˵Ҳ˲µʸ
뵱ʯ࣬Ǵһɣ
˵˵ɣСӴ˷תͺİɣʯһ˿ط硣
ٺ٣ʦ˽ңطεͷʦǸͷе֪ǷԣܲȽ
ҵʱʲô£Ⱥô񣬰Ӧõģ˵˵ɣҪ٣Ҫǲ˽˶һЩˬʵЦ
ȶлˣʦҲóңڵĴ洢²طЦֱת
޷ʯڣһԪϿˣڴ󲿷ƹܣԱ֮á
ϴҲһЩҲһЩϴûʮڣ㹻Ҫˣ㻹˵˵öٰɣ
١ڣط˵һŵ֡
ʲôڣһԪվָطһʮĴˣЩĳϴ˵Ҳֻʣһڶѡ
ֻϷʮڣھʨӴ󿪿Ҫڣ˿ҲֵڣߣҪǮϷûУⱲһڶûҪǮʦ취ȥ
Ԫ˵꣬æһöԪָɣһܼ̬ʯȻʧЦ


ٶʮ ȦǮ
ڣٵģһطЦ
ߣϷûУԪƲƲ졣
ϴ˵һڣûзָˣǿҲɣȻôôȱǮ߻Ȼ˽⾭Ӫ֮Щɻһ䡣
ʮھӴĿˣ
λ֪׬ǮȻ죬ǮҲ죬ÿһνҪʽתôӴĿ̣ʽҪӴĿ
ȻЩ̶ʱû̫ʽҪǰת̵ȷ´࣬ڽӴϢ磬ԼװÿһҪӴʽ֧š
ʵڶһ򵥵Ԥ㣬ңѾ뼸Ѵк赽һڣȱڵʽ
Ӫ֮ЩԽǱ⣬ǮƵˣܿܶǽ˵ǮȥƣԼǮάԼӴֻЩλ⡣طд˵
Ϸȷ޷⣬ôУȻҪȥ衣Żʼ硣
ǺǣʵǰӪ̵ʱתʽ𾭳ҲһҺ˵˵ڱ赽һЩǷһˡ
ʱҪٽˣνнл˵ʵڻЩͻǷǲ񣬵ǶϿͻǼҲ̫ǿӲȥ˼һծط˵
ˣӪ֮Ϸ򲻶ʯţûʲô£ȳȥˣŻ˹֣ЩЩͷ󣬸߻Ҳ漴뿪
ԪϣϣſǰԼ̵ǲ٣ҲزҴҴģڻж٣ȫóɡʯ˼ڣ˵һ䡣
ȿȣֻʮڡɿȵ
ϷʮڣΪŰΣҪһά󷨣͸ʮڰɣԪЩ۵˵
лλˣһٶڰطҡͷ
Сӱ֪㣬ߣԪƲƲ졣
ˣŵάתģóʮڣתҲͣͣſû취ӯȴҪӴĿ
ԪϵԲܶʱս񴢱㣬Ա߶ޣҲֲ̫ãԣ˷ڲܰˡʯɫһ˵
⻰طЩʧĵ˵ͷʦڣԼҲҷʲô
Ԫɲˡ
ţôУҪ񣬵ҲطģҪȻҪóɹѹأŰɣʮڡԪһöԪָ
ҵʮڣȽɹѹأ취ǣҲһöԪָȻЩǹؼʱֳ̻ܷصġ
طɫһϲҪöԪָûʯڣطɲҶ֣ԽĿ⿴ʯʦ
ʯɫһҡҡͷطᣬ֮󣬽ԪָԪ
ţ㿴ʲô˼ղЦ֮ԣѲŵˣԪϼطܾЩ
ü˵ţط°ɣʲôʮڣ´λʮڣѻˣǻռ˱ˣ
ʯҲЦˣ棬ԪϣϣǲҪᣬұϾţҲҵģҪҪȻ⡣
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Ŷʲô취ЩɻطҲЩɲ
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Ӧʮڣһ󻹸ʮһأɽóٸʯʵ
ٺ٣ĻóٶʮڣʮڷҲǷţҪǮ͸ˣֻǻЩôĻ֪ˣҡҡͷ
̳һ԰ߴ洢֮࣬ǷὫ֮Уʯһ䡣
ԣһ㶣漴Ӧ
ǺǣƺԺܵͣȻ̫࣬ҲΪԭԼЯ񣬶ԼС
˻ǺٵģΪ֮ˣоԼ񣬻ǷԼĿڴȫ
뷨Ӧڷ˼ǮׯɣΪǮưȫʣǮƴ浽Ǯׯ߶һһЩң뷲˻Щͬģ˵ʲôطһҲ㡣˵
ʯ΢΢˵ͷ뷨Լ뽨Ǯׯ֪ɲһ
ھйŴʹҶһڴսʱѾڣҳڴһЩ˽һΪ̫ͨ࣡
ʽĶһҵʼ֣չʼɽꡢ񷻵ȼӪԪרֽ
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ǮׯֻǼ򵥵عҶһ֮ͬãȡһЩã֮䣬ڲųǮׯԴҵ
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ǬԪ½ķ˼䣬ѾǮׯҲֻڶһҵ񣬷չȽ󣬴ҵҲǽչģĩʱڡ
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˸һѽЯ㣬ԴƱϷ㣬߲ͬԼԪָʹ٣ȥʲôǮׯ
һǮׯʱͰʯˣвͨ飬ôһǮׯԼǿ϶ȥģ
ʯ˿ˣʵǮׯиĶʮڴȥһȡʮһڣ֪λ᲻ȥ
ʲôü漴Ц˼ֲǽȥ˼Ұ㱣治˵ȡʱҪã֧һЩĺ£
ҪˣֻҪǮׯȫϷԸȥԼڴﲻǮﶼǷţǮׯǸã
ȫҶȥõʱȡǣ˭ôɵⱾǮׯ治ΪȻ˵طȴѾ˫Ŀ֮⣡


ٶʮ չ
Բ٣ʦ֣ҺôҲǷ˽һţЩ黹ǺģǮׯ㱣һȡʱ򣬶Ҫ֧ã˭ôɵһⱾǮׯҡͷЦ
һᣬһᣬлʦѣʦӪ֮ʵ˼룬⽫ǬԪ½һµľӪģʽҪΪ캽ˣطȻһĹЦ
״ʯЦЦԼ伮û׸ط翴СӶھӪ֮治һĸߣȻҲʯط翴ִ̫Ӫ֮Ĺϵ
ʯа޵ʱǽط統˷ħ
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ǮׯǵǵСǮ׬Ǯ棬ָǵģֻһЩӬͷСѡ
ǵʦҵľӪ֮伮棬ᵽʣֻʵڻɬѶزʦѣҲʵĸط绺˵
ʲôǵǮȥ⣿㡭ýƻСӣ洵ӵ۵˵
ٺ٣棬ǮҲǷţﻹǮԼᾭӪ֮ôһ۵ܴĲƸô棿㻹᲻طһ䡣
ǣһô죿˭ȥҪȣºѽԪ˵
ð죬ƣǱκȶǿ֧ţȲ⣬ȻĻ֮ǰһôܽ˻ǿ̵
˵ǰȦǸʲôҲֻ֪Լˣ֪ǵӯģʽ׬Ǯ׵֪֪ΪǮǮҲĸԸİġط˵
˼Ƭ̣ȴü
ƺף˵
Ŷкβףطϻ˷ܡ
ԹɣڹȦǮû뵽ԺŴԽԽ࣬ǮׯǮòꡣ
ǸʱӴʽתĻҪԼ󣬰װ׵ȥ˶ķ֧ҲⲻΪʽ̫̲࣬ģ˵
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Ȼ˵ֻһģʽʣǻҪݹϸڣǻҪһϸĹ滮·ͬСɣ⣡
⣬ñ˵Ǯ׬Ǯñ˵Ǯˣмúô⡭ĿʯϷֱɣǲǴ˽֮ˣôֵİ취ϷһͣҲûЩ
ֻ˵ǬԪ½չ̫ʵҲǮׯ˵ŷչǮׯҲ˽ʶǰɣʯ˵꣬аЦ
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Ҫͨ籨ϲŰŵõһǵһͿأʥҲкû֣֮ԺһŶۣԪɫ
˶ĹۣʯҲ˿
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ʯֱͨȥ˵һˣԼʥõһЩԼҩֱ𽻸һ֡
ȻĿΪõƵҩڵӳãҩȴ˷쳣Ϊ̫ĵҩ㹻֮˶衣
Ҫ˵ǰڵҩн٣ڿû˿ԥĴӦƳĵҩ޳Ӧڡ
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ʯշӼݶĵҪշưæԺƣҽշһЩĵãշǳ
ҩȻķԣշٴζ붾а֮Уʯҩ˱֤ԺҲԾˣԼԱ֤շƲҲᷴ캦顣
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ЩҩҲշַշƵĶ裬Ҳʯʡʱ䣬ҲƲ˼Ķ
һ֮ʯʼչأ쳤õʥ֣ԼѪͨλԼλϵĴ£ɵĿٷչţΪģǵֿδ֪


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ǬԪ½вƫλãһ£
ԴΪģΧʮңʮרõǮׯ
տʼ˻ֻ̬ȣ˭ҲԸ⽫Լ񽻸˱ܣΪߣԶȷ˻ߡ
˵֪Ǯׯ˿ģ˵˻ûʲôɵġ
ȻûԸȥΪüû⣬ȥҲǺ塣
˸ߵֻҪһһٿȡһһŻݸ
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ڴˣƱֱ˽ŶƱֻҪŶƱǮׯԶһ
һ˾͸оˣȥҲȡõ棬õĻֱöƱǡ
в̼Ҳֶ֧Ʊ˵ۺʵ֧ţ󲻵̼ҽܣ߷ģҲԽԽࡣ
ֱĽ죬ǮׯѾγһֹģʮÿڶҡ
ǮׯԽԽ˸еȵǣ˾ȻԼװÿڶԪȫǻѴʽƸġ
һʮ̣ЩװһκһһɣһȺһҵҲԡ
豳ڣҲҪɵ֡
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ܲңЩһûӵȫɽʮĪ˵طûж֣ΪϵɽҲǸûж֡
طߣɲʥˣһߣҲǷԪԲĴڣˣ߽ɽ
֪طΪΰѴ˴Ӱߵ˻
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ߣҪ̣ò˶þҪˣط磬Ҳ˶ˣģҸ׶׵ˣͰҰС˵ŻǷסԵĽ֮
ֻǽٲûз֣Ů¶һĨᣡ

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ϣһͷߵĺӰһṦӰȺ˽һһŮһ£ϴ֣
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Ůһۣ΢Ц˹֣˳˾ңٴοտյһͨĲͨƾլ

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طھм䣬Χסɽʮ£ɽסڸڣ֪ΪΣһսɽطķڡ
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񲢲ƣҲ£ԣϣһЩ龡ƽ̵ʲôطɫһ˵
صѷģϷԲṼʦԸչƣЩǵˡɽһ䡣
ٺ٣˵ǼѪĴۣǲ֪Ǳǣ֮һ򾡡طһɽ΢Цĵ˵ͷ
ͬһʱ䣬Ҳ֪Զڶ֮⣬ڣի
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Ȼ䣬һˬʵĳХգţһӰ֮ϣһ٣ȵվǽɫ֮ϣǸոճصʯ


ٶʮ ʥϻ
ʯɫ֣Ͻһʢ۵һɢɫ㻺˶Χʯѡ
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Էʱһ֣¶һ˿ɵ֮ɫŬŬ󣬵ȴûҷ䣡
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˵˾ͽƹʥǧ꣬ʥľսڷ̴ս˾ͽ´󹦡
λ˾ͽţҲԲЩСǿָֻŵģȻжȥ˴һְ꣬ûش飬㲻ͷ˾ͽϣλˣŸϵʱҲ˵£䲻ɫһ˵
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δɣЩ֮˲飬Щ˻һֱ˾ͽϵġ
ȻЩ˵ֹУҪģҲûĸ۵ĸȥ˾ͽϣⷨϣҲ˾ͽǰ̫
⣬Ǽǧ˾ͽϽţ
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УֻʣüͷڳϣԼɫⷨϣ
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ףڼˮһʱȥڣʱϸļ¼Ȼϸ¼ǹ¶ڳ˵
ŶǾˣѵ˾ͽֻһɺϣⷨüϸһΣؽ游ϸ


ٶʮ Żأϣ
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٣˵֪Ӧôﵽ˴½
Ȼ׳ԭҪΪʥ֮ʱ䣬ڸʮңյˣ
ңЩʥ˸۸߹ԲıǲҪҪһִµӸԲǧ˶ղ
˵࣬ǿȻʳǴСҲٴԵԱȴӵ
ţ¾һԴҲ˴ſתԴԴϵ֧֣ڵҲĸ㣡
˶Ÿ󷨽ƣ㲻Ϊ߶߷Ҳ֧ңҪǼΪƿزݣܴܣӳ߷ʱ䡣
˹ӦĴԴϸ߻ָĽ󷨣ʯõƪԪԲڣʱҲ޷ƿơ
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˵𣿵˵ø꿼ʱ䣬ʱȥֶΣ㶼˵ָʵҡ
Ǵ˵֣Ҳֵֵͣĸ߽״˰ɣȻҴӦ˸㵤ҩǶû˵һţ԰ɣҲܹ˵ʯһ
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޷ŭĶʯ޲һ˹ȥȻСǰ˵Ϊ飬ҲһֱԼû˺ʯҲû˺ˣ˵Щ
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κҲһǿӣɲҪǵҩҲʯвֺĿʯǲ䣡
״ʯҲЩаĪʵǿޣһôиԣ
һһţ˭ҲϷ䣬۵С۵㿴ңҿ㣡

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ˣҪۿߣ˷£ǻȥɣһƵİ̾
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԰ûгֻ֣һ粨ѣҪȻСӹǣֵܵһԪԲĹ
үүû°ɣϲȥϲ˵껰ץһӾҪˣȴæ丸ס
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ϵ߰˰֣ºҳݣֻû뵽ٴɽȻֻǶԸһСţҴ˽߰ˣ治֪ڳΪ˽Ҵʱ̵֪ˣ᲻鷳
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Ŷ˵ʯ΢΢һЦ˵Ҳϣ

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˫ĿԶƺ¶֮ɫĬ˾ͽоâһ¶һĨ֮ɫ
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ǺǣСӣϷȻû˷ֻΧڣ΢΢һЦʯҲ΢ĵ˵ͷ


ٶʮŻ ⷨϵļƲ
ʵְֻ취ʯ뵽
ְ취һҪǾǱһ󷨲ٿؼ侫ȷˣնԷ¶رսҪٶȼ졣
ԪȻԼƪ󷨿ԣҪ˵ٿ󷨾ȷ棬ȴԶԶ߻ûи߻輫ߵ˴ڣְ취޷еͨ
һãͿȫʱʮҲ޷ͬʱס߰ˣһǵȾͨ󷨵ĸˡ
ȻΪţʯܲʲô鶼Ϊ϶УҲԼʲô취հ졣
ѯ˵ʯûʲôõİ취˶һЩܾܿһõİ취
һܶ˲֣ʵս˼άҲ˵ĻԾԣΪҲԣܽһİ弴ɡ
ǰʯλˣҲϰߣνλı
εţ˸ΪŲҪҪأҲһܹҪѧϰģƽʱԲŷɢŸеϡ
ȻǾԣûĸŲȳϷԣԼ˵һѵŵĻҲͲֵǮˣ
ʯ濴ˮϵһĻǷ֮˾Ŭ󣬵һʱƬҲûʱ䣬ƾ֮
ڱסٶˣǼֲʱ䣬춼ֲ¾Ҫ˵Ĺû
ڶ磬ڴڵˣЩֲסһɫ԰ףǴѪһϢ鸡ۿżֲ˶á
Ȼмһʩչ˽֮ӼֲĽƣʱܹȻʱһãҲԵֵ˵Ĺ
Ǻǣˣȥס˽ˣιʳ֮󣬾Ϳ㳲סٶˡ΢Ц
ٶ˵ʱȳȥɣʯ˵껰ɳ´
ڣɽڣʮΧǧӰ붯֣ЩѾ޺ģ±һҵĹˣɱ
ϡͿЩԩˣۼҵ֮ͬ⣬˱ǲ²⵽ֻҪ϶лİ취
ųϣǣԸ㣡
ԸŹųϣֻҪųǣڣסź
Ǻǣãס֣ųգ˺һ˿̵ĸ߳ϣԪڴ࣬ڲٿڵĸֽ󷨡
ס֣˿ųϿ˿ʯ
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ҲѡԼǱʯĳƵĶÿҪƵĽҩͻᶾǾûʲô˵ˡ

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ʥѾڳƽ˶սڸûаʤ㣬һǧʥ֮ȫڴҲ̼ܴ顣
ĪӵϢһɳ˵һ룬ʦɫѿȻס
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Ϊ˶ԸʯⷨҲ˴Ǯϵͨ籨ţԣûеʥڲԮⲿһЩ֣Ǳ˴
Ī˵ڣʯҲǴֲ˭ϵ߹طûǰõϢڳϷ絭ĿҲûʯ˷ϡ
ʱڴڣԵЩӵˣ
ʮԲʥҵĴԲڣʮԲİٶԲǧͨԪڣȴ޷ֵԷһǧˡ
ʵϵĲ࣬ڱϾǺ֮㣬ֵʥʵЩ۵ˣ
ô죿ʯţʥǧˣǾ޷ֵŻü
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ʥ˷̫ǿˣ޷Կ
һӲ˵棬Ҳ˫һؿʯ
ţ˷ǳ˰ɣص˵
˵гˣǾߣЩԪӵڵô죿һߣгϰŽ£ԺҲ̧ͷˡ
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˵ŻγϱҪ
վסʯȻɫһ壺ԸҪˣȫ˶ϡ
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Ҫ˵ˣʯ˰֣ߣȥңҲҪɢ
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ŶǣԪɻĿʯ
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¡ѣǧʥ֮ˣʯĳȫУϣǽʯĳ֪¡ѿʲôʯɫһʵ


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ңΪô˵ʵǰҲܵģκڷ̽¡ԺҾƺûô򵥡
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ǽ¡Ҳǲ֪ݵλνǰٱ޳ִе񾭳ΪݣʵλһЩ֮ϵģ߻ɫһ˵
ٺ٣ֲø߳һȻԵãĵı飬ԭͿ͸Щ飬ڷڴֲҪˣʥڣƺĲˣϺٺЦ
ңʯС·ǳǵ֣ȥЩӣʵЩˣǼӷֱϣʮ̫ǵˣǰֻǶ¶ѣ߻ƲƲ졣
ϻãίܳϣȻɵǸʲôطߣʥϣɽϣʮط硣
Ϲ˿ʲô飿ǻ˵ģ󷨷һ֮űҪȻ˵Ҳ߱ʲôͽȥˡЦ
ٺ٣⵹ҲǣֻһȥˣʥҲû˭ִǴСˣ߻ҡͷԵ˵ǺЦ

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ⷨ϶ϣеƷ裬ֻü䲻壡
·վһӰƤڣŰɫһڣһ˫յ۾˺ע⵽˵Ĵڡ
ڿôˣУڳôôûûĪǵ鷳ȥ˺ڷ̷ֲⷨһ䡣
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ȥŻ飬μ֣ܹܿŻиˣ˿Գ£һҪֻҪ֤丸ĸ˵һ룬ⳤоһ
ϣǵʧˣǲǾʹѾڣ֤򵥣ڿһ䡣
⵹ãҲпȥˣ·˶ֲжڷ̵ʲôԭҪҪ׼ȷϢǲ²⣡ⷨ˵
ǣףڿˣڳôҲûһظϢ᲻⣿
⵹ᣬϵ͸©Ϣ˺֣һЩɢʥ֮ˣǱ˴ʱ˫ϣȻɱһֲ
ʵҲЩˣûҵĺ֣ҲڳϵĶֻ֣Էһˡ
ڳǻǱ㿪ʼˮһ嶯֣ǳ״ȥҲλýһЩţøոλûսŲ㣡ⷨ˵
ǡףʱڿһһöŷУڿ֮󣬵ɫһ䡣
ôˣ¾ţⷨ˺ڿı飬Щɻʵ
󣬴󣬴ϣɳȥ˵ڣڳǣȫ𣡡ڿ۽һ˵
ʲôϴǧȫڿЦӴݣǽڷֲ̼ҲǴ´࣬ᱻһСⷨһ˵
ϣԼɣڿ˵껰Ӹⷨϡ
ⷨݺ󣬵ɫ粻һĿεĺϣ˫ĿգĬҲ˵
ŻûнͱݺݵؿһѣʧʥǧˣΪҵ˽£֮λҲȥˣܵĳͷⷨϺȻ뵽̵䲻ɫòҰ
ʯ磬￴ƯķȻʱʯСеعŴĳУ


ʮ ʥϵ
С˵û幫ôƫƫⷲ˼СȤʯСŷЦеʵ
Уʲôڴ˵ԼʯŵʦãǱȹݸˣʯ磬͸ҺòãСʯֱ˵
ʯһΣǸСûӣʯЦҡͷҲ֪ǰϱǲЯ˼Ļˡ
ҲҲܣҾҪʯ򣡡СʯӦҳ䣬ѵĴߣôС
ȿȣʯɿûӣܲһ˰ɣ
ð취ɣùٸץ㣡СһЦ
ˣʯ˰֣εĵһһͨ徧ӨֱӳС
飿С˫ĿһƷȻߣȴϡУɵֵˮ֮ˮתɻԣתΪԣľѲϡ
ֻʯֻܽóһһƷˣҺڱԪָõģʯҲ̫ۣ
ϰ壬ⷢҪˣű㣡ʯǴ̳˹ȥ
̯ϰɻĿʯҿ̫͸ȣ漴ƲƲ졣
ּٻŪңеǣһ鷢ܻһѣ̯ϰ岻ΪȻ˵
ʲôϰ壬۾úÿСĹĵ˵
֪̯ϰƲһЦҿλŴ磬ҲˣǱ˷ԣ˽û̲ɣȻô̯ܿ
Ϊûҹ飿ǿǰԷģʲô飬ڰһⶼûУǱóˣûѧʣҲҪƭң
ι˭ҹˣҹʲôǷˡͨɫҹȲ˵ģķ䣬ɱůɵֿˮϮС͵
ˣôõıԼŰɣҲֻܺǺˡ̯ϰЦһо˼ֱԼ̣Ҫ˵ôñֵԼͷϣ
ꡭʯĳԷ֣СйƤ򣬶̯ϰҲˣ

ʥ´
죬ʥٿ˳ϻᣬȻûȫϵ룬һĳϣȴҲ˲٣ǣ֧˾ͽϵһϵ
ΪٿϻˣһɳϣĿģȻǵⷨˣ
ⷨλֻɫ粻Щǣ˾ͽǣȴûе̵䲻ȴˡ
֧ⷨĳϣʯϲ٣ļʮλ֮У󲿷һɳϣʣһЩ̵ˡ
ⷨϵţȴ޼Ҳѹ֣ϾδһְʱҲ̣ܶԼԵȨ
һɵĳϣԽԽˣûٿϴᣬȴҴλ£ߣڿ䲻ȵ˵һ䡣
һγϣҲǰϷϵʱʥûʲôһ׷ŭ
϶ʥô˵Ҳǳϣô㻹ܰҳݲɣڿм˵
㡭ߣϷһʶҲûȨ㣬׷ɫһⷨΪʥϣΪʥıȡԴ˲ţ
ɵãԴûӣ˲ŷǵûһǧٶʥ֮ˣʮϣϣǰʥλ󷨴ʦ߳ҲУ
ʲô
߳ˣ
ʧһǧˣ
ʲôʱ£
ѵѾˮһ忪սˣ
ĪǬԪ½ĳڷ̿սˣһЩչأµĳϷ׷һǧٶˣʮϣʥ˵ҲһС¡
Ҫ֪ÿһԲķʥԴѪɳףںڷˮսҲôʧ
ⷨɫĿŰ׷ߣȴҲһ仰а̾Ϣ˷ڽˣ
ٺ٣Ƕ´ˣǺڷ̣Ҳˮһ壬֪쳤ϱһСɱڳϴȥϲӦֳⷨϵİɣ׷Ц
˽˶Թ
Сţ
СһǧˣʲôСţٴ
ⷨɫһ壺ߣڳҵܱܵͽã˷һУϷҲ֪飬ʲô֤ݣ˵Ϸָʹģ
벻ǣԼ˵ǣܻ㻤̼ǳԸŹǸСţ׷Ц
ߣҪٽˣλҲýˡ
ǣʥôˣλòʺ㡣
ֹ⣿ҿĴϳͶУ
ǣʧЩ֣ϳְͣλ˷׷ŭⷨϣʧһǧٶˣʥȷ㲻С¡
ҪǾôΣӴʥҲܲ
ȲҪʱһֱûпڵ䲻˰֣˼æ̸ֹͣ˭Ҳҵ̵֮ˡ
䲻ڣԭ缸ⷨʱͬйƤԤϵķչ򣬵ҲԹ޼ʯϡ
䳤ʲô׷߿˿䲻
ҲҪ⣬취ǣûʲô˵ģʲôûҲҪ֡
ⷨϣ˷ڳǰڣǳɹ˳أ˾㻳ָʹڳϣҲ᲻֮˶ˡ
ǰһǧٶˣѣҲѲ˸ϵڳһУҲҪȰ裬Ϊϵְб⣿䲻ʵ
ߣˣĳûʲô˵ģô£ĳűǣⷨ˵
̵䳤ϴΪˡ׷˵
ãȻˣĳͲˣⷨܵǣڳȥ˽Թһǧ֣ʥĹأһ̵ְ֮ͣŰ˼λ䲻˵
ûС
ˣȻ˾ͽ½δְλ׷Ц
䳤ϷǣĳԹԣⷨ⵽˴ϵֽ䲻ĴģеⷨԤϡ
˾ͽϽδϣ䲻Ȼһתˮһ֮λĿǰ޺ѡ˾ͽλϣһǧٶˣԲһС¡
Ҳڿڲȥʥڣһⷨ˶Թ⣬Ѿʥ顣
ԣˮһ⣬ڵ⣬ĿǰҪûкѡʱֻⷨϼְҴֱ³ƽϢ
úãϵְλĲãߣĪ˵ְλ֮ǰĳ˵طҲҪӱ̣λ
ʲôĳⷨ㶵Ŀ䲻û뵽ǵûΪԼ˳ƽ˾ͽεĻѹȥ
Ҫǣ䲻һ˵ǣڹڣɾͲ͵͵˽˶Թôˣʥ壬ĵʥǰֻⷨЩɻ䲻ȻԼ


ʮĻ 
ݣϣһۣ紾ӵСϣ
ֵȺϣĳ̯ϣһŮĳλּ̯̯ۻۣΧһЩֵȺ
ʲô˼ñ黻һ㾹Ȼ⣿Сŭŵ̯ϰ壬ĵ˵
λҪǿǿɣⶴͷһ˵ˣֻɫеǣһܻһѣ˭ϡƭ˵Ķֲҹ飡̯ϰƲƲ졣
ۿ˵ͣûмʶҹôⶥȽϣֻ已̥˫Ŀ޶ۣϵñˣСм˵
Ц˵ĺһ已̥Ѳˣϻ˵ûǮϽ뿪̯ϰȥСʯ
ι˺ò˵۹α㿴ЩֻǷ˼ͨɫûģ˵ʲôӣĲǼٻòãҲƭƭûǮ̰ͼٵˡСЦ
Ѿͷ˵ˣҲûմ㣬УǱҪ𻹲ǿ߰ɣӰ⡣
ǻͷڿ֣Ǹ˼ңȴһǮûУߣ̯ϰҲ֮ǰǰ
С˿ָָȺȻԼʯƭСƢҲˣӣһŭվ̯ϰǰ
ﻹͲˣ˵ʯǱǻƭӣã˵ʲôĹкһӣҾ͸ȥ
ʱҪǴﲻˮ֡ůЧɱֱﲻʱ˲ӣҲʯ統ƭӣС쭵
Сǡʯû˵꣬㱻Сִϣ
ʯҵģҾͲаźñû˵ƭӣ𣿡Сץϰ졣
߰ɣȥЩ˶֤Ҫ˵óһӸ㣬Զ֧ǧСߵ
ǧҪôԣһƭңҲšιſңҴȥ𣿡̯ϰ屾˷ʱ䡣
Сģקϰ죬ϰֻÿɥñ˰æŵ̯СʯĳȥǸһЩֵȺ
ҪóһģһļӣǱСʱ򣬵ûָóǧòǵ̯ϰԱ񣬷һ֣˭˭û˿ϵҲӰ˿ֵ
ߣ˵ǻţô˸ţܻüʱܣɾ˼Цˣ·ϣ̯ϰߺ˵
ٷϻ˵ط֪֪ⱱǵ̯𣬱һۿ˵͵ӣҽ̽ôʶ٣幱ƷҹҲöˡСҲ÷ϻ
У̯ϰƲƲ죬ŽСĻЦЦʯֻӲͷƤСѾͷְֻԼ޷ġҪȻҲֳôЦ
ֻھҸط죬Ҳȥˣ
һṦ򣬵̯ϰ߹հ֮£һƾɵլȻƲݷשҲʧȥ˱ɫڷ궼ЩƷӡ
Ӽˣ֪ڲڣҶ֤ǵǲһҲͼǧˣֻҪٺͺˣǻǵù̯ϰ˵ֵ꣬ܿķֻЦ
˭ʱ߳һλƤڣĸݵ꣬ȥһӣ֮¶֮ɫ
ǣЩԡ
ӣЩóúһЩƭңһʶƣǻˣ˵Լеʲôĵ̯ϰƲƲ졣
ǸҪɶ㶼˵Ҫˣһ谳ҲˣЩ˼ͷ
ѽ˵ӣˣƭӣ˵ʲôϵĶǱ˵һѣǻţ磬ȻҲû⣡Ц
ǺðɣǸ˵Ż˽˷Уһ֮˵оһ꿪ڣʯСɫһ
ִһƲڴ¶һѵӣʯеһģһǿڴ棬һЩͬ߰ĵԼʽϡŹֵСȻûʲôɱȴǼ侫¡
ôҲóǿӱһȣƲƲ죬С˼Сı飬¶֮ɫ
̨ɷ֪Щõģʯȴû˵ı飬긽ɫ糣һ䣡


ʮ 
ںģֵǮСֻڵ̯ˣͷЩ˼˵
˰ɣǺģǱ飿ô˵Ƕͥ飿Цˡ
ô㲻óһȣҿɾˣǰҲҪˣǱͺáЦЦ
˽ĿͶСһ죬оһЦ۹ԼϣСܲӦ
óԱһ£ֻȡ裬ΪӣǸƷģ඼Լһģһ
һЩ߰ĵǹʽصıʵҲͨȻֻһңСףЩǷֻҪһߣΪɴСҲû⡣
ֻڷУЩСͲֵǮˣΪǼֵǮĶǴСóȥĪ˵ɱˣɱòϣ˵ֻܶѷʽˡ
ϰ壬֮ǰʵǴˣȻȥɣģ⳥ģһ⳥ʯɫһ˵
ˣʲôǿǣɢ˰ɣУӣҲСĵ㣬ƭӿˣһ֣ȥۼֽҲ½½ĸ˳ȥ
԰СһͲʲôˣûǮװ⣬ӣǵӾҲǣƭӸûӡǺȰ
ںͣǣʯСƺû뿪˼
λǡЩɻ
ЩҪӣ㿪۰ɣˣʯ뿪ҲٹĨǡ
Ը̫ˣҪһЦûҪĶҵˡ
Ȼ˫Ŀһϸ˿Ķ漴һСȻֵĸоĵ
ٺ٣ǲƭҰɣ˵ʹǱǶûϳʶɣǿۣƺʵ꣬ؼʱ̵Ҳɵ
㹻ʳˣʯ䣬Сͬʱˣ˽㶵Ŀʯ
⣬ôӣӺѵ˿ڿˮֱţԼûԼһ֡
෴СȴǸоʯ̫Сֱǿɹƭӿţڴóһ¶ֵˡ
С㶵Ŀʯڵʯ磬۸ǲе㡭
еˣλֵҿ˳ۣͶɣʯʼ磬һνӡ
С˵ЩһѪ⻹п˳ۣҪ˳㻹˼ң漴ʯ˷ۡ
״ΪСڳܣŮо̫󲻸ˣⲻˣԼҪԥȥܾܿˡ
ͬⰳͬ⣬ӰɣЩߣΣߴٵ
𼱣ûЩӣʯ룬Լߵ˶ˣõĶԼ治ʶʲô˸̡
˰ɣøɡСƺʯΪѣ΢΢һЦ˵漴ݣӲע⣬ǿ˹ȥ
ۿŶˣܾﲻ̤ʵǲƭӺԼ콵ܸоţԼôһҹˣ
Ҳѹ֣˶ЩССǮ׬ǮµʱԽԼݵλԵȵĿΪ岻ʵ
˽ȻܱϵƭҲʼˣܻὫ䵱岻ҽɣ͵ߵĲƸߣҲԽһҹľ޴ı䡣
Ȼ˻ģ˱ץסʱˣЩ޶۵ˣϵˣֻԵ󸻴ǰҲһֱǰĳȥȻʼᱻЦȴԼľ޴ı䡣
ֻЩˣСˣƸߣӴԵʧۣ֮ҲЩ˿еġʺˡ˷ˣΪɶôɵ˶ܷƣԭֻһΪ³ȥû
ӾˣֻҪܷƣӾԲϵƭҲںһӡԼȷʵ
ûãòֻ̧ľӣܹаǧÿװӣѯСûбķԸ漴뿪
ӿŰ׻ӣʱ˿ˮֵߵߵĽڴ͵ʯǰС㽫ЩӶ͸ӡ
ֻȴʯǸڴԪָڣֻûӿСԽʯڣʯһӣûӰ쵽ӵ˷ܶȡ
ֵܣ£ЩõģǴ·ٶʮӣʯһ䡣
ԣ붼ĵͷ˵ãץҧһڣǲģͷǲΡ
ţһ֮ɫЩСĿʯٺЦһڴӣôܰɷƵ·Ӹǣ
ҪЩȫ򶼲Ҫǰ͸ˣɣҾ⣬ٸһȻðǸ·ӣôʯЦ
⡭üһ᲻̫ˣ
Ҹһǧ𣿾㶼ҪʱעԼİȫøǷӣʵڱౣ㣡ʯɫһ
һҲǣԼɲʲôԱ⣬Ҫ֪ԼˣǮܲסС£СҲѱ
ãҴӦ㣡Ӻܿĵ˵ͷ
СĽӲغ֮ӴʯСŶĶȥСУʯȴסֱӲС
ңɽ·᫰ɽˮڼҲϢ˼ΣСЩͷӹȴܽʵһûУʯҲòˡ
˷һ͵ĸɽһƬҵĹľԣȻûޣȴ˼ֻޣӾ׼ļˣеɱ
û뵽ļôΪβȥμˣС˵
ٺ٣û취ҪһֱҺڵģǷи˵Ļ˵Ļ
ʱǸǳһЩΪõĽ飬ʵͲãʵ䷴ĲǽˣʵǽһٴҲѹ
ǲɵҲ뱻˵Ҳû취ֻŸ˸飬ȴ˼ҿΪǲȥ
ҲҽͣȻ˵û־ȥڱ⣬ҲУᱻ˵䲻ں˵Ľ飬˲˵Щ
ǰǶˣֻֻ·ĶЩӣȻߣûӣҪɽ·Ҳ类˷ˣӺЦ
ܷôεĵطҲˣʯ΢ЦǰȥһṦ򣬱㿴һƬһ޼ʵĺ
ˮ峺ܿʯ֣Щ쳣϶һ˿ֻг︽Ż鷢
λͱȥˣˮλֵˮôҪǺõĻҾʹȥҪǲˮԣҾָһ´λãǿͰˣΪ̽նɥӺĵһ䣬ʯСȴ΢΢һЦ


ʮ ж
ǶˮԣǹתתҲȥˣҿƺǿĺ֣ʯɫһ˵СȴЩ⣬û뵽ʯȻûȥ
ô֪к֣֮ǰȴЩˣⶴ֣ɿݣˮԽԽ࣡ЩĿʯ
֣ٺ٣²ѣˣָһ´λãǱȥɣΣգԺҲҪˣ㹻ʳǣ̰ĵĻͲõõǮõ֣Ҫģʯɫһ
Ƭ̣ӵ˵ͷ漴̧һָǸ򣬴ʮصľ룬֮ǰӦҵġ
ģһøһ·ӣһҲһ͸㣬ˣǻȥɣʯǸλú˱ԭ·ء
ʵЩҸմҵڶ죬ͱˣͷһҴȥֻڵ̯ûҪ˵
ֲû˷֣ԭҲǸոյõģʯ˼˵
º󣬽ͻؼңʯСãСƣʯøӸ·ҰбÿһӣֱֱΪֹ
ʯİţСٴξȻʿȻг͢ˣøҲ̰ۣͿûˡ
ʯСҲ˵ᾭӣǷõ˺ôҸ̰ۣȻܵϳͣ漴뿪˴˵ء
ڶ磬ʯٴ˶ϣһ·ɶֻ˲ʱ䣬ںϵСʳɻ
ʯ磬Ϊʲôʼôţô󷽰ССԴ
Ȼǰʯʼ硣
Сɻ
Ȼˣǧӣʮ죬ͻᱻ˽ɱӣҲǻӻһʱ䣬غ⵹Ҳ
ӻһգбÿһӣ㹻Ժȣøǵ÷ӣһҪҲõһԼǷʵʯЦЦ
ʯ̫ܵˣҿʼΪأСЦЦ
Ǻǣ㽭̫٣ˣһ˿ܾͻẦˣȥʲôرĵط˶ۼںܿͨޣСһ㣡
ʯ˵껰СԷųˮԲεݳֱ֣ˣ漴ɵָĵطһ³ˮС
ˮסݣȴ޷͸ֺ˿ܺˮӰ죬³Щ˶󣬾ʮ㣬ԣ
ʯ磬Ũ·оƺһСڱˮ֮л³ʯ˵
ĺҲǼԣӣССĶ»޴ڣʯ˵Żܿ˿
һṦ˳˺ףֵЩİ׹ǣһЩ½Ұ޵İ׹ǣԼȱȫມǡ
ףһű飡С˵ָĳ漴ȥڲԶһű飬Сϲɫ
ףﻹһڶķɽһơС۾Сǣɵ︽һС
СԸ񣡡ʯҡҡͷЩȻ۸񲻷ƣǶһͨԪ˵һڴҲһļǮ
ʯ˵һڴԪ֮Ҳûʲô̫ںģʯֻЩ棬ΪʲôôСôඥ׷Ǹʲôܡ
ʯȤģԲӴԼһˣӿڴЩʯֻǻǮߣԺ鷳ˡ
ʯĸ֪ųȥƺҲܵһЩѹƣȻܸоˮвıϣǷûʲôʯ̫۵ġ
ʯ֪ת֮󣬺Ȼ·һǳޣϸһӦʧûдڹһ㡣
ѵЩϿģڴ˵شսղ΢ƺûиӦʯɻĴ·Ҳûио
ôʯ磿Сʯɻһ䡣
ûʲôֻ飬ôķ֪ǺģΪǰû˷֣ʯü
û£˭עôһСӣⲻ۵ĶСƲƲ졣
ɡʯоûô򵥣漴С֪ʱת⸽ΧεʱķһЩɢڵı飬Լɢı
ȻԼûдãҲԴȥӸŵӣǮҲܼǮҪܼҲôܷ
ףˮƺЩ⣡ʯȻĳƺаŴ˵ػ
Сü壬ҲˣױðôȺ滹ҪӿѵеȪۣˮų겻ɢԽԽࣿ
ڷ˰˵׿϶ʲô쳣ȪۣףʯȻ֣ǰһűǱ顣
ѵﶼǰģСЩĿǰ
ȥʯɫһǰٴθоֻһȻһţˮƬɢˮԶһ
һʱ˺Ȼͣ˵غ׼ϵһ㣬ʯС⣬ǷԪԲʩչˮ֣ЩԳǹɺˮѹ
˶棬һʯɽʮ֮ޣʹΣܳˮֲֵǣ˵ؾȻûһһ㶼
ʯɽмտƺһɽڵ¹ðˮԴ緢ģƺǸ棬һȪֱۣˮһ㡣
¸ӿʱʱмɽˮ
ԭˣеıģЩ֣ﾹȻѹƸ֪ԶһЩ޷ӦǾվˮ棬Ҳ֪ˮ׵κ쳣뱦ϢСɫ
ɽ֮ڣ緢ˮԴ̫̺ĳ˵ҵ֪̽鲻ĶȽȥ˵СһЩΪ󣡡ʯ˵껰ʯԪϽͷԼһӲˮԴɽ
С󣬵˳ˮԴ֮󣬱
˵صȷһɽɽһֱҵȪۣббĶɽ֮⣬Ȫ緢ˮԴ̫󣬵ˮ޷ɽ
Ҳɽ˺׵һյشȻûһκˮ˾ǣɽҲҲûгʪĸо
ɽǽϣǶı飬ЩһЩ׷һװһֻɽЩԱȪ۳Щܲס
ֲɽڶůʪԭ˶ı飬ֻЩԵıˮ˳ȥ벻ʯɽɽڱж죬ⶴӦþɴ˵ˣߣͨδʯûǽϵı飬С˳ɽȣȥ


ʮ߻ ͼ
ʯ˳ɽȣȥ
һ·ϣʯľֱͬҹһֵǮʯǶĵǡ
ʯСУڷһЩСҼЩСҼɲǷһЩ׷ﾹȻƷڷ
ʯɵðľɽжңʯֵǣɽԸ֪Ҳѹ֮Чֻܸ֪Զĵط̫ԶһЩģģˡ
ûã˷ǰһʯţҲǶı飬ϸһЩƺĳֹɡ
󷨣ʯü
ôֱʣǻʹҲûݻʯ磬⵽ʲôطСɻ
˵Ǳˮ¹𣿡ʯںһ䡣
ɣǸɿǰˮһ̲ȻûҲʽԺҲ޷飬ñ󣡡Сɻ
ɿݣɣѵʯӡ
ûбҲ֪ǵ걱ˮһ壬˵ȶҪ±仯ɿݣˮһ彥ǣ󱻶̲Сɫ
ԭˣʯ˵ͷֻССĶ뱱ҲϱߣԳ˶౱飬ͦ˾ȵġ
ʯƿĽ𣿡Сһ䡣
ƺͼ˵ֽҪȫȱʧĲнǣͼſԴ򿪽ƣֻͼӦѾʧ꣬ô֣
ʯЩɻ󣬾ƪԼڶϻڵõƪҲֻǼͼһЩŽܣȴûϸĲ֮Ҳûϸƽ֮
ͼǵһ˵ȥ˼ģⱱƴճģƺһɽˮֻǲȫģϸһһֺ֣Ҳ֪ʲôͼʯ磬ҪƴմˣʲôСһ䡣
Ҳ̫ͼļ̫ģ֮СһЩˣʯüͷ˵
ֲʯôӣԭƽõģȡһЩʯϵıɣС˵
ȵȣʯ˰֣ˣ֮ǰõģдƣ
ʯ֪һϸСľٶһС鷳ȡӼЩ飬ʯСʼϸʯϵͼ
һĹʯüС˵Ĳէһȷһɽˮϸ۲֮£ͼһɵ塣
ɾѰˣܲɵģСͼʲôʯһ䡣
񣡡С漴ҡҡͷֶ̫񣡡
ʯЩ
Īͼͼлʯ˫ĿһԺкȻһ
ʲôǻлСʵ
һͼ֮£һͼֻϸܿóʯһ˵
νлڱϼġɫ䡯ȥŮԡͼȴһӵФֱעɯ΢Цһͷͼ˵ĳֱ־
ʵһЩĴʦллͼͼҲǽЩ걻ֵģǰ˻ע⵽ֳģͼʱָֻͼȫò
뵽ܣʯб˵ֻҪͬʱƱɽˮڽɵ岹ȫǱԴ򿪽ơ
Ȼ˵򵥣ȴѣΪǶһű飬ҪɽˮаֲӰ壬Ҳһű飬ҪöӰ졣
һЩʦĻл̫һ԰ַƽ⣡ʯϸĿ˿ɽˮ˰ʱ֮󣬽μԺ
ʯϸϸĿ˿Ǹ󻭣ֹһʱʯģĴҲԺ֮С
ţʯ˫ĿһգԺйɽˮĻ棬һſŵı鰴ȥͼͬʱȫ
ʱ򰴷ȥӣɽˮ覣ȴ밵ص岻̫Эû취ֻܳӣ岹ȫȴɽˮ˲ò
εʧܣεĳԣʯ˿٣˵棬ȥͬϢһ㡣
СҲţĵһԣʱ򿴿ʯϵͼʱ˫°ͣϸ˼ʯżСϻ¶һ˿Ҹ΢Ц
ʯȻ˫Ŀһһ΢ЦĿʯͼ
ʯа취ˣǾҪȫɽˮǲȫǸЩģ壿Сɫһϲʵ
һȫʯгŵЦЦС΢΢һ㶣û˵Ļ滭ͬʱʾͬͼ


ʮ˻ ƽʯ
Сȵɽڵңֲԣ뿪ʯת˵
ҪʯһҲиӦϾרƽ޷ģС֣ص
ʯ˼Ƭ̣ͷǺðɣҪʲôԣһҪ뿪Լа취ӦҪǲӦֻܽͻȥˣ
ãҴӦ㣡СЦ˵
ʯǿ˿ʯϵĽͼ漴˫ĿһգԺ˼Ƕַλãûʲô©֮󣬲Ż˫Ŀ
ȻƽʧܻʲôʯҲȥʧܣСĽڴᵽգһ֮£б˰ա
ʯɫҲ֣һ㣬һűವһڰ΢΢һ𣬱ʯű棬漴Ƕɽˮĳλá
ʯ΢΢˵ͷٿ飬Ƕͬλãʱ仺ţСط֣ɽˮȫͬʱǸصģ壬Ҳȫ
ֻϾǰصģϸһǺѷֵġ
ʱţʯר־ƽСһԿţɽھĵģֻвʱıǶʯϵ֮
ºʯǰıѾ޼ʯϵĻ棬ȴ쳣ɽˮ۴ۼ
ɽˮĽͻڸ壬СԵϸע֮£Ȼصģģȴǲȫ˲١
С֣岹ȫ֮ƺһֺޣ㣬ȴĴ֣ÿһֻϣ̡
ǹ޵ͷǿף޴һѷ죬ȴֻĿͷʮǵĻع
ʲôʯǶһű飬㷢ֻòֱҪжأûֹ
ҲûǶеĹС૵
ײľֹɣʯɲĵôȫͼһ㷴ӦûУ
һ
ʯ䣬ֻʯϹͼȻվɫϼһ˿年ճȫ˹޿հ׵ĵط
һֻ̣һ㣬ʯ߲ɽˮһʯɫһæСȥ
ʱмһĿȻһһâŶѪһɺޱȣɢһȦȦɫɭĿֲ
һĻˡ
Ǻɫɢʯϵɽˮƾɢһſű鵱ɻңԳܺɫϼҫһͱٵ
ʯ۽һǶԼҪٵҲôܹģ˲ǧ׷ı飬ʯɫжֲ
ʯЩɻãѹֲǺܴ󣬵֪ΪܻٵĶ׷ʯ˼֮䣬۵һ촫
ţʯϵлʧްɫӰɢʯһ𣬸֨һ죬ѿһϸϸķ϶
ˢһ£
һɫ쭷ϯʯ˫Ŀһһ֮£ֶ漴Сǰ
۵һ졣
Ǻɫ쭷һתϯʯĽɫ֮ϣ֮ƺָʴ֮ûĺɫߵ㡣
ʯɫһԴӽ׵Բ֮󣬻ܵвҲ֪ɫ쭷ʲôͷһ֮£âʢɫ쭷Ȼųɫ֮ǽɫϼ˺飬һ
صһ
ͬһʱ䣬СĻֻմȾһ˿ɫ쭷磬ȻһⰵɢʯⷢĽ̫ǿҫǺɫ쭷֮ϣ׳ɢʧ
գ⾿ʲôΣأҪʯɹƿͼ˵鷳Сһµ˵
ССһЩͺãȽȥʯһһɾϯʯŷ֮ǳ׵Ĵ˿
һ̣ʯСȴ
ʯװεĽ̻Իͣ澹ȻöĹ̳ɣǽڻŸֺͼЩʯû
һͼһ֣ſѪڣ˺ҧһͷͷߣ쳣ѪȣӴսǳңͼƵȻ侳ѹȸС
ﶥһСҹϣʯҫ磬ʯС˫Ŀһ˿ҹɲǷ˼ĿɱȣǾԪ޲ܲ飬ҲԪ֮
ʯм䣬һʮɼˮأˮ峺͸ʱشˮðɫݣˮƯһƬɫҶ
ںҶ֮ϣ־ȻϣмǿĿգĿŭضſڵˣⲻʯС˿ͬʱоһĪѹȸͷ


ʮŻ ͻ
㣬ʲôСʯ½ǣʯ󣬿ǶˮƯźҶϵ֣ܸоӴѹ
ʯСֱüͷ֣ʯԪϽǰƽâ˸ƺʱԷ
ֻǽŶˣĬƬһԲЩѹСоΪЩ죬ǮӴѹƺ˴
ʯ磬߰ɣⴳģλǰһǶ֣Ǳű˾ˣСʯ˵ģ˵ġ
С뷨ڸϽ뿪ҲƬ̣Ϊ̫ѹ֣оһΣУ
ֳĬƬ̣ʯüоѹȻǿȴûϢȻ߿Ϣ˴ԼĶκ˶ܳס
ǸˣͲҪװŪĻɱʯĳˣʯȴû뿪˼üһ䡣
ʯ磬߰ɣС
ʯ޶ԣ˫ĿƬҶԼǳ֮ˮо쳣棬ͨˮԴҲǴ洦
ϿԪ֮ҹ飬ҪǼɱԺܴ󣬶ʯǱʯɲô뿪
ҪǣʯΪһĻͶֻ߿ˣȻ֮ʯôܷβܡ
ߣʯ˫üһȻ²ʯĳֻöˣ
ȻоԷĴʯǲٿʯԪϽ΢΢һһնȥ۵һ죬ʯԪϽȻ׵ش͸֣
صһ
촫ʯСȵĿУֵξȻѶΪϼɢգСɫһϲ
ʯȴӽоӦûô׾ʧɣϾ֮ǰϿвСѹ
žһ죡
ֱѿʱмǿŽĿ֮УȻһźɫӣԶԶȥƺ޵
ףʯɫһʯԪϽһ֮ɲСܱʯʵЩ⡣
ö˳ԾǣȻҷ𣬵ҶǹӴѹȻڣʯ˽Ŀ˺ɫ档
ѵǹˣֻֻ֮ǰǹѹǹģ򴫳ģС
пܣʯ֪ųʱ۲ܶС̧һУವһǿźɫӷɵǰ
զһɫȷʵһΨһûͫףϸȥɫһȦȦĺɫӡǣǲһ
ƺЩһ㣬ӡԽ䣬˿ȥЩ԰ΣʯҲźɫһ
СһҽУС԰ޱȣһĵĵ˵棬СؿڣڴڵĴŴ
ʯ֪ת֮£ȻѹæתС
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ֲʯ֪СʲôҲźɫЩ죬֮ǰЩУûʲôֲ
ĬƬ̣ʯзĴ˼ӣȡö˺ɫ棬һֻǧ̴ľ
СûˣϢһ£ҹȥʯС磬˵ͷƺСĿʯ
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ʯһɵˮرԵˮ֮䲻˿̵ĳˮȻһƬҲû֮ǰ峺ĸоī֭һ
֣ʯٿʯԪϽһڵĳˮʯԪϽ뿪ˮ棬ǵˮմˮûиʴЧ
ת׿˿ܣֲûʲô仯Ψˮڡ
Īдʲôƣ֮ǰŨĳˮˣʯɻ
ĬƬ̣˫ĿһҪ˵Ψһĸı䣬ַɻ𣬵֮ǰҲǻӦӰ첻ˮ
һֿܣǺɫ뿪ˮԵˣ
ʯһȡ̴ľУɫ˳ȡ¼öɫӡٴһȦȦе쳣죬ֳϢ
ӣʯûоʲôָУ漴˺Ҷ֮ϡ
һĻˣźɫӴҶһȦȦɫԭī֭һĺɫˮ˲仯Ϊ峺ޱȣˮ
ˮ·ʱðŰɫݣ
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Щ˼ڵĳˮǶ洦ģʯƣ̽ˮУһ˿˿˳ƣ͸ˬޱȡ
ವһ£
ʱͻԭĺɫӣʯƴˮɲǣȻһģзˮУ漴ûˮʯ֮У
һʯͷŶʯһ΢ɫ԰
ʯæ˦˦֣ǺɫѾǶģų޵ĺâһȦȦɫɢͬһֻĿ㶢ʯ˫ۡ
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ˢһ£
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Ӵˮ֮ǺɫƺԴȪһ㣬ȫѹʯƶӳ˳ˮڣǱųĹϼ
СʯҽУСһ䣬һĳʯ˹ȥʯɫŤڳˮѣ


ʮ 
СɵʯϿգҲ˲ûΣգһ±ˮڣ˿˿˳䵽ȫתӳͨ
ֻЩСȫû˼ȥ򣬳ˮСʯ׼䱧ˮأȴԼ޷ӽʯĺɫ֡
˿̵ʯɫ԰ޱȣŤ쳣ʹ࣬ڳˮ΢΢ˮ翪һ㣬ðɫʯӿ
鼱֮£Сһӣһɫɽְգ΢΢һ֮£ն˺ɫ֮ϡ
һ
ɽȻĴ֣Ҳֻûϲ֪ʱֳƷţСôһ̣ЩƷŵɢ
ЩɵƷţǷʯڣʯзһХʹ಻Ҳ֪Ʒŵкܡ
Со¶âغɫɽ߶ʮɴСƴȫӳַɽ³ܷ֮ݺݵն˺ɫ֮ϣ
۵һ
һΣɽûһЩƷűƻԽԽ٣ʯʹҲ½Ҳڲôҡ
أ
һ𣬾ʱǺɫֺȻųĿϼһ½ɫɽˮˣһӴѹɢ
һֱӳַɽС׵壬֮ſһѪһĵĺ˼һ׵ĵˮ֮У²ʡı˫Ŀ
ʯҰҲûһ㶯źɫϵһƷţӿ뵽ʯ֮ʱǺɫ־Ҳ۵һɢ
ʧâˮһѼɫ㣬ӿʯڣɫҲָ
ˮһ˵СڵҲ˽ɫ㣬ֻûʯյĸ죬ΪʯǶźɫӵϣɫٶȣԶСɱȡ
˼һٶȣʯһֻɫٶȿ죡
ʱ仺ţʯڰ쳣ȥ죬ҲûļֻųˮɫԽϡ٣ˮҲøɿ
ֱ峿ɫ㳹ʧˮҲɿݼףһ
о޴ҹ⣬ʯҺʲô¶ûһֻظɿݵˮأʧ֣ƺ֤ʯڵĸı䡣
ʯָ⶯˶Ƥ΢΢֮Ȼһ»˼ǰһĻ
ɻǣ徹Ȼû˿ʣתٶȸӿ٣ŻָٶȣҲǰ˲١
ʯãҲЩ΢ĸƣ֮ЩӣıĲǾ壬Ҳøȹ
СʯȻ˸СһС棬ʯһС岢ûκ쳣ΪЩӡ
ȿȡʱСתѣʯ֮󣬼æץסʯ䣬ʯ磬û°ɣ
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СʯĻһ죺ûУ񣬺ΪЩӣ֮ǰ׷ʲôʯû£
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ʯ˿յĵ棬Ŀ˸ɿݵˮڣǺҶһСظ˵棬ûˮԴԵʣɫҲ֮ǰǰ̣Щή
ʯҶ漴˿ʯϵĻ滭ͼɵ˫ĿһС
ˣӦúóҲõͼʯҲͼʯ̾һ
һͼһͷߴսֱ侳ĸоǷлɴʦҲֹ
߰СʯС뿪ʯңǰ߿ҹԼϣҲһͬȡ
˴ɽȣʯһ·ѹΣʯСҼԼȫ󴩹ǵȪۣ뿪ɽ嵽˶ףźȥ
ֻʯһֱɷµӣΪ˷֮󣬺ȻԺжһЩϢһЩƷɣֻϢƲȱȫһֹֻҲûκְˣ
һ˳׳˶ڸ߿֮
С˷Ҳãʱȥˣʯ˵꣬С΢Цĵ˵ͷ˶ݹһڷȥʯоǶβȱƣ浽׼ʲôϢĪǶƵĺɫӣǲףʼʯЩ


ʮһ 
ʯص֮󣬱ǿʼչأСǻصԼסҲʼչ
իڣ
ʯһ֮ϣ˫ĿգԺǶϢ֮Уоʱ䣬ʯû͸
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ؿˣʱ䣬鷳λˣսʯ΢΢һЦһ䡣
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ʥ˶Ӵܣڷ̣壬ڣҲ׷׸оԣԼֶַΣɲԶߡ
ȻʲôΣգǶȫ·ˣҲɵǺǵ
ȷӦԶЩƴɱ̫ԶûмʱΣոתܳԶ֮ʱڽɫȻѶ
һϵб仯չٶȼ죬ûʲô˷Ӧʱ䡣
սԶʯˣֱ֮ת׿ԶһڽɫѶ޴ĳܷѸɢ
вĵطռŤһͬѶǾǻ󣬽Ƿ׷ױƣ¶˴˵رľ󣬾ȻһƬ
Żռ䱻ƣڽɫϼɢ֮ɳʯ𣬵漴Ϊޣֲ굱ήɻңҲ˺ںɫ
ڽɫϼѸɢ֮ȫޣЩļǷԪڣҲ˲䱻ɫ˻Ϊһ̣Ԫָû¡
ЩԲڣϣȻֶλסҲˣɫû˳֮С
ʯڿʱɫһ䣬кζǿֲɫ˲䲨˼ͬʱֵɫˣƶ붼Զɶݶӡ
ʯҪԼıʯԪϽֻأǧһ֮ʣգ۵Ĺ򣬶ܽϣԼʲôʵڲֵһˡ
ʯټ죬˲䱻ɫûֲϢȻѹָ֪֮Чʯ֪Χ
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ɫ˳ڻ֮ϣʯĽɫ⣬ҲùϼԽԽۼžҪƵӡ
ãʯ룬æʩչ˽»һת˲仯ΪһƬƣסʯΣֻһģ֮صһɢ
ԸȴǿտյʧӰʧ
ͬһʱ䣬һƬɽϿգʯӰһȺٴνûʯٴƣһģ֮ʧ
Զ߻һʢʯӰֶɫ԰׵ĸҪʩչӴܣȴǰɽš
鼱֮ʯæɽ֮ڣ漴һߺȣ
Ͽȫɽ󣬸ֵӳϽ밲ȫܣʯһÿһ䡣
ֻɫ˸ûи˷ӦĻᣬ꿪һػɽƹ֣ɫֻһǺȻһѶţʯֲϯɽ֮ڣ



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ڽɫ˿ֲޱȣɽŽƺ󣬵ϯɽ֮ڣ
ʯһ߷ɶݣһת״ɽţ
Ȼɫɢ˴ѾʣನʯصĻ⣬û㲻ܵ˿˺
Ǳ˾ȥನʯһЩƣҲΣա
ɽڵĽȺȴǱ˾֮󣬵棬ֻǼҪĽһƱֶμȻ֮С
Ȼҡҡ׹ȴûݡ
һЩԵĽûκηĽȺΪƽأȻû뱬һΪɫҲΪ˻ҺɫʯľмΪĩ
֮ľޣңЩԪϾûüܣڵΪѪѧֱ˻Ϊޣ¸ߵĻᶼûУֱӷɻ𣬿ֲ˹
һĹ󣬽ɫڽɢ޷ɽŴʲôӰ죬ֻڵɽе쳣Ƿϡ
ʯȴۿɽžʧ·һߺȣ
ֳϵɽŴԷֹʥ֮͵Ϯδ䣬ʯȴ»һתԶɶݶȥ
֮£ʧߣЩصķԪϣսսĴӰȫڳʯӰӶû
ȻԣǼæطΪ˷ʥսƷѾ׼ãֻҪ̼俪

һߣʯΪ֮µһЩսص֮ʱֻһٲ󲿷ϹҲʣڵһ
ϿӿݣЩҲ֪˭ûüߵԪ֮ɢһأֱǧʯҲû˼Щ
ЩԱȻûҲ˼صƣۼԷɶˡ
Щ˵֮Уǰŵʥ֮ˣһɫ࣬ƼأҲ߲ˣֻ½صڵΧס
ʱƣ壬ڷ̣߳ϵʥ֮ˣˣ½½ķ˻ЩˣеĽǴһЩԱۼڷص·ģûа취ƶˣűͬ¡
·һЩʥ֮ˣҲǴӻ·ԱǿɾûԼôˣǶסϸַá
ʯһڿսĵطԼıʯԪϽԷѪɫɽⰵڵ棬ۼᣬúһʱ䣬޷ԭˡ
ףʯҪתȥȻֵĳһöѹŰصĽɫ¶һǡ
ֻ˿̵Ľɫⰵ٣ȻͬԪ֮һ㣬ֲڱҲöķǱѰˡ
ʯȻϵôǵڿٿطɵʯûüһöֻ󼤷ֲӴܣ˶ûüԼı
ƷʯµķɵȺ˿̣ڷ̽¡ϣǿ߹λ棬ԪˣҲ׷׸ϵ
һصԱ˲̾ϢûΪɢı˷ܣ
ʥأǿʯһ䡣
·һЩеֱˣе̫أֱӱץˣشһ
ʥѽ򲻵ѣԶü󣬴˽߳ɫĿһƬǽĵ棬üͷһ˵
ߣ˵ǺڷΪһ˽к飬֪һڣҺֻһûüʱõļ򻯰棬ҲͿ̿¡ɫһ˵
¡ѣǺڷԼĳ¾ͲҪ˵ˣʥʥĹأǲǸΪˣ㲻Ҫǣųɫ
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ˣڲʱ򣬵˾Ƿߣǻ˵ܻǵԱҷֳһˣǵԱԼʥץסķͻš
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ǣӦһȻᷴǿҲǵ˵ͷ¡ųһߣ׷״Զߡ
ʯԪϣˣԱصţ򽻸Ԫʯֱӻص´ȺϢ
˴֮ãһЩͷ֮˷׷׷˴
ɫ࣬˫Ŀ΢죬ڵţɽʧأʧ˽ķ֮һµӣڰȫڣҲ˿ֲϢȫ
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ʥúݵֶΣʯҧгݵȻʧĶǵͽ׵ӣҲ˱߽ӡ
ս֮ԲǧдޣͿ̿ûһܶùȥǿɫһΪһ֮ӵǰհΣ
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˷ǹջԪ֮ǧԪָöֻǻûü̵ջ񡣡Ц
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ڿѲμӴ˷Ҳã˳һоһνˮһ壬ȹϲڿѿˡ׷΢Ц
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Ӧˣ䲻ͬȻǰ̾ڵʵˮһǰֺܿĽĿתƿоζԸˮһ壡

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ңҪ߸ǿԪ֮ļӲ̶ȣֵܵǿµļ
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͸ˣǣʥձ²ץһǧˣʵ绢ΨһЩϧǣ˷ʮʥϣȻֻץˣ˱߹Ȱ˵ĸԸķʳ˶
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ʲôطǰδ˵Ԫһ䡣
ǺǣǰССɣֲδ½Ҳֻ֪⸽ȼңǸĳǵòǽӦú߰˸ҡ߻΢Ц
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Ŷ֪ʯʲô飿ǧٶʥ֮أʮڣ˳ȥҲ⡣ŻЦ
ǵǣϹһЦ˷ʥһս漰˽ԪսҲǾ춯ء
̽ӣ׷׽Ϣظһڼ䣬ʮϹƷڱǸ׳Ƴ⵽ڹڵǳ״ȥˡ
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ٺ٣ֲطܺ߰˹⣬֮䣬˲ٵ̵ư΢΢һЦ
ŷ뿪ǣ޽һЩҲƣطÿһ̣һ󣬴˷ſԽֱӸ̣ţʥʱڲٻˡԪͷ
Ԫ֮Ͼˮһʥʱ޷ɢϴδսϣʯſ⡣
õбԴڷ̣壬ϵƽ֣ҲЩѸӼᶨںľġ
ЩԴ˷ʵʵЩԪָеĴ洢Ϊḻǧʥ֮ˣֱѵϵӣһٳɳ
ȻһǼܱ߸յӣǵطڸдصҲ㣬߻һЦ
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ʯ˵껰ֽ䣬Ǵٶʥ֮ˣԼϣ뿪˴

ݣǣ
˳ǣʳ֮⣬ҲΪĴУˣڸ¥̼ҷ࣬һЩԪߣڴ˵عϱ
˵Ҫӷٲ٣һ֮࣬Ԫ
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ʯţ룡һԪ깧˵漴ơ
ȥط磡ʯҲûûԷϳԼС¡
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Ƭ̺꽫ٶ˰ٺãʯĳ侲ңطڵת͸ӿһ¥ЩָָȺһüӡ
ʦˣ˸ˣӪЩܣҲǿά֣ңǮׯȫͣҵ
¼пӰ쵽ǮׯУ˵ƵƵ⵽ɱʥ֮˱ǰҲЩѣطһ˵˴˷ͷ۵飬ϻơ



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ϸ˵һ£Ӫ֮ΪЩܣУǼ̽ʲô֣ʯһľϣطʵ
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һǮׯˣȫһȥȫȡߣȻ㹻֧ǡ
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ȴûκα飬µĽоһֻΪĿĶͷǿź룬ƺȥ죡

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ʮǣǮׯڣطʯЦȴһͷˮûʲôϢһʡ
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Ȼ⣬ĳþӪ֮ܶԷñûҵ̷һ׸һ㣬˸ɴҲͱˣ˱ǳ£
ȻҪǱҲ붯òֶΣʯĳҲ壬˷ǣȻ޵̸ͣʯĳͲˣ˵˵ҵ뷨
ԺƽˣˮˮɸģȫھӪ֮ϻǣǽռѾõĵ
ʯĳģٺ٣ʯĳԷ㵽ףס͵ĵߣˮˮ棬ʯĳһɲܣҲϣԺ⿪ڡʯɫ
⡭Ȼʯļᶨ־϶Ȱ˵ˣ˷̸Ҳǳˡ
ĬãصʯѣҾᣬôΪռۣǿĵӦס
л޵Ѹˣʯĳѡ񣡡ʯһ
뵱ڽɣǧŰű°ɣο£ǡۡչ۲ţ£ͷұ
ֻЩ£ʯ˵˶ԷҲ޷⡣
۲䣬ųƵϼ֣
ʯԼԭ˵˻ĵʵ
ʯѣˣ⻰ȥƽ쿪սܲ˽ƽʵϸ룡ص
Ǻǣ޵ѣ仰Ӧʯĳ㣬ǿҪ迪սҲ˽ʵ㻹ǻȥӣú˵Ǽ֣仹Ǳ۸õģʯ΢Ц
˫ĿһȻʯ˼
˼Ƭ̣ϺȻһЦ
ʯΪĳȻˣĳҲ˵һȥȻʵ棬ѡ񣬴ĳ޷ˣΣϣܺӮϹ˹֣漴վΡ
ȻʯĳҲ뷨սõѡ񣡡ʯվ˿䣬󽫴ͳǮׯ»صҡ
ʦô죿ӣƽǽˡطʵ
ʲôʦֻҪһʥ֮˹ͿֱʲôƽϺ˵
ƺûô򵥣ʯü³ȣΪ˾Ȼֻڴ˵һֵ긺ˣƽ˾Ӫҵ»вصʵĿսǲòȫԸġ
ƽôط˫Ŀһɡ
ȻҶˣҲ޷˳벿⼸ˣƾڵǻ޷Σٴܱ߸̣ƿ֮УʯЦЦ
ɽɫʯǰģǰѾǰǬԪ½벿̽ϢʱҲӦռ˲ϢӦÿ촫ˣϾͿ˽ƽʵ
ãΪ˱Էͷ߸ɴֲǻҪЩ׼УʯȻŵͣ˽


ʮ Сؤ
ºʯǮׯĳ侲ڣеƷ裡
˶ʱʯָ㣬طһӪ֮Ǯׯ̣ڴ˻ָ˴ǰϾ˵صƽѾա
˿̵裬Ҳ˽һ޶̡
һգɽȴһ˻Ҳ֪ʲô飡
ôˣʯ²豭
ʯǰ½ɳʮ۵ˣûвʲôϢѾȫʧȥϵһƽ˵ϢҲûв鵽ɽü
Ŷʯɫ΢˼ʧٵģ
ɽɫ
ʯ˫ĿһУ˼һȥ飬˿ƽ˵ˣһһҪСģ
⡭ɽɫЩΪ
ôֲʯɻ
ʯǰʵڰǰұȥ½ƽ˵£Ǵεʧ½ɳ֣һαһξȫʧȥϵ
һΣȥİˣȫǷԪԲʧܣǶһͬ㣬ڶʧ١ɽɫ
Ŷ˿˹ȥҲѴʲôˣƽ˵ʵǻЩ͹ǡʯɫһ˵
ȥǵϢǿս֮ʱǻܱν֪֪ˣܰսʤɽԥ
⵹ǣʯƬ̣˫Ŀһĵ˵ͷ黹ҪģֻҪ۵ˡ
ʯǰ˼ǣɽʯԼ²ɵõ
㲻صģ²㣡ƺ˽ɽĶǣʯ΢ЦһΣһԹȥ飬ƽ˵ʲôʵȻȥȫʧ١
⡭ɽԵĻû˵ڣطպ˽
ʦ򲻿ɣԲաطʯĻ֮ŵɫһ䡣
õģаţʱﾭӪ̣ˣƽ콫ɢ½ʯ
ʯǰط˵е֮ǰ½ɳüʧ٣ڹȥʵЩΣգһЩֵܹȥ飬Թȥɽ˵
ǺǣΣֵȥ壬ϴɣҵǸɲ˵ֻȥ·ѣ飬Ҫǣ˳ҲߣǬԪ½ײ죬˵ʲôԵʯЦЦ
ʦȥˣһǲģһȥɣҲиӦ˴šطص
ǱģҪˣҲߴˣôˣط磬Ӫ棬̵飬ͽˣ˱Ľȥʯ˫ĿһУ˿Զ
ط̾ϢһȻ˽ʦƢԼǾȰסˡ
ɽ˷Ҫߡʯ˵
ãһ֣ʯǰɽ֣ص
Ҫô࣬һҵɱȥֻ˳˽һ㽨Чζѣطȥæɣɽҳȥתתʯ˵껰ǴŽɽ뿪Ǯׯ
ʮǣһȽϷĳǳأֵЩߴУһЩ˰ŵ̯Щվڽֱ֡
һѮϷޣйڴϣƣ·ҲΡΡʯܿҸ㡣
ϸһӣڸ첲ҡţװ˵ҸԼεεĻ䡣
ʯһĻɵп
ûУѾ˰ɣ֪䣬뿪ŻѾнʱ䣬ȻѾͷ׷Ҫ·ˡ
ͬǰһԳĺһ
ˣһҲ⣡֪ΪΣʯȻĽˣǻıԼҪҸ
·̣ʯ뽪ɽ˽ȥһ¥䵽¥ζ뿪ֹ̣ȻһЩûеĲϱԼһЩϡеҩڵʯ˵ȷʵûʲôá
ʯżּܷڰеӰ͵͵ĸԼ뽪ɽʯЩ˶طųʥ֮ˣԼɽߵİڡ
֪䣬˹䵽˳нβһȺΧһҲ֪ʲô飬֮£ʯ뽪ɽ˸֣Ǽ˽ȥ
ΪʲôܸҽҵʫʱǿȺһ˵
СؤʲôʫҸүǰŪ˵ʲôף٣ǻƣ
һ˼ǰһ׷һѾµľ֮ϣվһŮӣʮſһ棬ֳȵ꣬һм˵Ļ
·վһЩţԼһЩ˼ֵˣ׷ͬСؤӮˣǸү΢Ա˵˭
ʯֻɨһۣ˴ţү٣ǰף٣ʫʱ֮ġ
ַ˼СϷʯԲμӹģؤ꣬γǵԼǸү뵱к
ʯЩƣа꣬ݻ䣬עǸүϵĹתһ꾹Ȼˡ
ף֪һɨʯֺ꣬ų˹ȥȻ˺ܾҲԶȴʯ֪ΧϾֻǸССķˡ
ˣʯ̾Ϣһһѣ˶ˣʯµҲ׷˼ңǸүۡ
ȥɣʯ˰֣뽪ɽԭ·أһ·ϷֲٵĴϡȱҩܱҲҵ
ʯÿһԼĴ󣬲罫Щ˻ȥһüǮ׬۲⣬ϾɱСԪָأдʡʱɱ
ҪȻľ룬ǴԲ磬ҲҪһµʱ䣬˴׽
һ׬Ǯ飬ʯһνط磬Ҵ˷ǰʯҲԼȥҪߴһЩֵġ
ѡȻʥˣЩսߣֲ̫˶Ŀ
ʯͷó˵ʲôûǮͱ뿴
ʯ£·һҩ̵ʱһɫʯҩſ˳ţһɫӰ˦˳ڵ֮ǰӡһĽӡ
Сؤʯڵϵ֮һ˳֮ǰʫӮˣȴܵꡣ
ʯ۽һƳǿɫʯʱʱ˫Ŀһ˵˲ϵôʯǶϤ
ʯ֮£ǻɫʯȥȽӽСؤһ࣬ʯ帽һѽץסڻĿʯʯҪǹӡ
ҵıܸ㣡СؤƺʯͼŲȥ۽ǲʱƳ˼ۣ׼Ѱһܵ



ʮһ ͽ
㲻£ҲĶʯĵǣڳһƵЦݡ
СؤҲûһ·ڵһЩ䱸Ŀʯ뽪ɽһۣתҪܡ
ȵȣҪʲôҩģ͸㣬ֻҪǿʯҿͺãôʯҪߣæ˵һ䡣
ɽȴüҪǰǸһЩӣȻ󽫱ǿߡ
棬ģ
ȻʯĻתУЩɻĴʯ
Ȼôƭģ˵㶼Ҫʲôҩģʯһ䡣
ңҪҩĺܹأ轣飬ӣ˲ΡͰ͵˵һҩġ
顢˲ΣЩǲѪҩģӦķӣĪã鷢ʯü
˵үүߣ˵֢״һ˫Ŀһ
ʯ˵ͷɽȥҩ꽫ЩҩټһЩỨҶ
ǣɽûжʣӦһȥ
ֻЩ֣Ȼ飬Ϊλвӣܻ֮ͣθθʹ֮Ӧʳ߷֮ѲϢʯü
綮ҽһϲ磬ֻҪүүĲκãҾͰҵı͸㣬𣿡
ʯ΢΢һЦãһΪ
ǰѧ˲ҽЩСʹʯֱֵǲҩƾΪҲΪ˳ȥʹ
ȻʯϣҩģǾڷǰ¶Ϊ
ɽʱҩ˳ҩģʯ˵ͷ
Сһǿȥɣʯ˰֡
ãǸʯĪΣҲ֪һҩ˵ǣΪԼʵûʲô±ƭġ
ڽϼת֮СֵһƾɵլȻľȴéǿ̫࣬Ҳܱܷ꣬Чڡ
ȿȣȿȿȡ
һԺӣʯ˿꼱æܽʯ뽪ɽ
ӲһľһľӣѿҪɢܵĵӣھͱһ׷ߣһͷϸˣչߡ
ףʯ˫ĿһԼǶˣԼĽǣԼҪҸȴ뷲ٲһת۱Դ
УϸЩɻĿꡣ
ǣҡҡͷ漴˵ͷǰɣ̣үүôˣλҽܸһҩ֪үүʲô
ǲˣ߰ɣϸ˺Ȼ˵ٲҪ˻
ʯߣ첲ӣ׼¶һ֣ϸ˵ͷһʱʯЩ£ѲɲԼҽ
˵ʵڵģôʯԸ֪ɲ鿴߲飬ԭʵ벻ϸôƣҪ˵ı׷һ͵ˣƺҲ̫ˡ
̣Ұɣүүధ
ϸ˳ʯ¶Ǹ⣬ڵЩˣ˷ҲûǮץҩ֮ǰп˷Ӻü죬ǻ򲻵ҩڿʲô鵤ҩҲ𡣡
ԣʯһʱϸ˵뷨˵ʵʯһӡܺãԼӰӣ㲻ǰĹϵ±ԼʯҲȡ
ǷģǼ˵ķҽҪǮġʯ΢΢һЦ
ҽǸòˣϸ˺˵ҽڵķҽǸǱٹˣֵõ˿
ģǲͬ˵Ҫӣ;ԲҪڲӡ֢ʱ⣬ʱղ࣬ҲҪúô͸֪Ƿԣʯһϵ˵
⡭ϸ˼
̣ô翴˵ҪˣŷİɣǼһʲôֵƭģ˵꣬Ϸ뿪ء
ʯߣģĸ˯ȥ߰ԼԤϵһ겡ȬҲ޷̫ģʯԸصһЩҩ
ɽȥҩˣ˳ЩԵģʯԸҩϸڣɽ˵뿪˷䡣
磬үүôСʵ
õģҩˣձЧҿĸҲЩǷѣ˳һƼҩɣٸ¼öҽʯ˵껰һװģڻȡīֽ⡣
ȻЩɲǷֻǰ׾ϲˣƬ̺ʯ˼ҽ˰
⼸ǲĸģ⼸ǲģȼպҽˮؿڷɣǵĹֱܷǡʯŰϸüЩֹӡ
֪ںδҽݣϸʵ
ҽݣʯҡͷһЦ²ҽݣֻԵ˿
ɷͽϸ˼ʵ
ͽʯһ£漴˿ϸ˵˼
˼˲ĸǵʽʵڲͬͽܣʱҲѧʲôܻΣաʯҡҡͷ¶ǸЦݡ
ȻҲһ㣬ʯܽ׵Ԫ⻹ԼҩӦ£ڴԲʯоٶĵҩҲֲȱݡ
뷲˲ͬΪԱҪٷ˼䣬ʯûˣԼϾǸߣ
ͨһ
Ȼ䣬ڵأʯͷ
ʦϣ°ͽܣϣʦҪֻи±үү̹Ϻӣѧҽܾ˰ˡɫ
ԣʯһ£ǵõԼƺҲͰ࣬ȥ±ûȥҲԼ
Ĭãʯɫߣ
˵еˣ
ǣҲǵȷѪ꣬Ҫˣⲻһʺ㡣
ֻѧϰҽβˣѵѧϰ磬ͲѧϰҽͲܰΪʦһ仰ʯƿ
ǰԼΪߣƺԼǰҲǸˣʲô鶼Ϊ׼ԼΪʦΪηҪߵ磿
ʲôʯ֣صʵ
һҽݣܹԼүүβǶ꣬˳ˣӿƣķƶ
˵꣬¶ЦȻֻٵһӢΣ֪޷ʵ֣Ҿүү̶ˡ
ʯ˼Ƭ̣ڵãҾԸǸӢΣӣˣ
лʦݼʦ˵ٴοͷ漴ڻͳһʯǿɫʯ壬һЩҲʶС֡
ûʲôʦϲͽ͸ʦЦɣ˵꣬ɫʯݸʯ˫Ŀһӹʯϸ



ʮ Ӣ
ɽʱ򣬱Ϳķ֣ʯֶһӡ
ýɽɻǣһƽƽķˣ
ɽҲûжʣһЩֳɵķ⣬ֽŵĵҩʯǲٶԣʯѾǿʯ
ĸȳԷɣʯóһԷҲǱһٶһ٣ҲԲôõķˣӰЩУ㲻ѷ֣ںܶ
ȾүүҪүү˲ܳԣɵ˵
ʯ΢΢һЦӹɶ£Ϊĵ͸Լʯ壬Լʱǽ״̬ѿܻ顣
Ȼߵдﵽʲô׳٣ڷ˽ҲǸƷˣֻҪйسɴ
ģͲĸȳԷүү£ʯ˵껰ҩߵĿУӳ֣ͬʱаȥߵİ
ߵҲڴ˻ָ˲٣ɫȥʮ꣬ҲʱʯΨһˣϾԷǷˣöԷϻͯٸʮ꣬Ҳ̫ʵ
ĸˮȺ˰ɣʯ׼õķˮϸˣ߾ɲһںȥ
ʯǰҲϸ˵ָһЩȥϰ״̬ʮ꣬˶Ƚо
̫ˣϸ˸ոշС룬㷢ĸı䡣
ȿȡλǣʱҲ˹ʯ뽪ɽˡ
үүҵʦǡ˿ɽ֪νܣ
ҵѣˣһžۣҸһЩӣάּãȻȥˣȥǮׯңʯ˵껰ǴŽɽȥ
ųǮϸ˺߽һΪЩǮƣΪҵһõʦи˴ţŻкõķչԼϼһѾںˡ

صǮׯʯҵط磬ڣֻʯط磬ϣɽˡ
һ⣬ԲΧһСˣǷʯĪʵ
Ǻǣһ;ȷѪ꣬Щ˾Ȳˣ˵Ҳ뼸ͬ˷ֽţϵȻ
֮ǰҪʲô·Ҫ»˲Уɽɫ
طԥƬ̣ɫǼͬףӿǵĶ֣ΪԱҲֻӡ
˭˭ǣҵ̫ںֻҪǴ֮ˣԾһȣϾһ;ͺѷֳƶ񡣡
ҪΧһԪϾѡ񣿡ʯʵ
ְˣСӰϷĲŻһȻɵĺ£ҲŰһЦЦ̬ȷת䡣
ֻҪԪϾǴ֮ˣĳһȡɽͷ
ٺ٣Ը⣬һȣֶΪĺ£ȻǶˣ˵Ҳһնɱ
֮֮ǰҪǲʧ󲻴ҪһԲҪǷֵˣ˺£ҲԼʧСطЦһ⾫ӡ
ʯ˵ͷֶΪĺ£Ƕÿ֧֣𣿡
ȻҲ˵ͷ
ֶΪĺ£Ҳ̹ɽЦ
ֻҪʧ̫޹ؽҪĻһ£˵Ҳ޷֮ԼԼֻһǮԷȻȥʩؤҪлƽؤӶû⣡طЦЦ
˵ǿһҩȣ֮ĵѾĽߣͷĸߣշΣҾΣʯʵ
⡭طԥƬ̣ŬŬ󣬵ûҿڡ
û뵽ʯѻһӢΣϺܻЦЦµ˶УӢڷʱҲйǻ˼ǧ꣬꣬ӢҲѾˣ֮ǲôɡ
ҪѸ͵ҩǲ֪ж󵤣֧ţҲŲסɽü
أʵʵ˵ʯ˿ط硣
ʦӾʵʵ˵ˣ֮ǰ˵ģˣ棬жĺ¶жɵġ
Ȼ㣬ܶ˶Ṇ̀ûдﵽ˻ӻĵزƿǬԪ½ľ
Ѿߺķѵľ޴ܳģҩļֵʵ̫󣬻еʦķҲҪϣѾߡ
ͺñҷ˵Ļлƽȴƽȫؤеģóͷʩỹԣһ仰Ŀǰûʵطɫ
ʯĬãٴǶԳĺˣҲǰĸĸûгΪߣԼҲѳɻ飬ͺһ޿ҡ
ʯȷһֱӢΣһЩ£俴λĸож䣬ǲ뿴ûǮ
ܻᱻһĸ˳ЦΪ޷˵ʼջԼ뷨ȴʵʡ
ҩɱ󣬵ҲгɱȻû½ϵߣǿҩֻ̣е֮ѿΣλʲôʯʵ
ķˣһ£Щϵȥʲô£ҲӦǵݲ棬Ȧ飬ߣϰķ¡
Ϸо˵֧ҩѾˣЩҩһЩУȻûʲôѹ·ԪϾɱɱк
СҲֵԶ֣˭˭ĳһҲ˿ûгɾ͸УϷʵû˼ȥЩС¡
£ҲҪݲģгɾ͸У˲Żл㣬һӷ˸лãʯѣƺԼȦӡ
ɽ˵ͷҲͬϵȻ׾٣Ҳоֺûʲô壬ǱͲһȦӡ
طԥȻûʵѾߣϾҪĴҩ뵤ʦѾˣ̵Ǵ½벿ҽݣҲûʲôѹ
ֻҲûʲô壬ϾѾ˷ˣһ棬ȻʦⰮҪֻҪһ仰Ϳ濪ʼطЩ
ѾˣӡͺñȷԱèûʲôʵû壬Ͼ˰òͬ˾Ըȥ
ƹһ꣬˵ʯţʱ洫Ƶ
𣿡ʯ΢΢һЦɡ
һṦ򣬰ƴ˽˳󣬰ЩнĿ˿ˣȻʯ֣һݡ
ʦ˵꣬ط統һ㶣Ͽ˿ʣҲɵƲƲ졣
Ҹһ£ط磬ʦ֣λϣλǽǰʯ˽꣬˻˸к
⣡ʯ˿طɻı飺Ͱ֮ǰ˵ģԺ˵ĵط㿪ҽݣоӪȨȫɰԼ
ط磬ûµʱ򣬶̽СʦܾӪ֮ҲԴҷ˼С̣Ƿ˼ҽݣκ˲òֻȫְ֧ͺá
ҪУǱڷһõĴ䱸һҽһҽݣѡõַǱѷ£ҪҩǱﰢҵҩ޶̵ҩ档
֮㰢һ󣬵òֹҽңҲҪаԼᣬԼſȥ
ʦҽҲҪЩأСʦط绰δ䣬ʯ˰֡
޷֪ܸõչˣǻӽĸԣԸ룬Ǽ飬Ҳʲôģֻ֧֣
ʯ֣صĿŰ֪ΪΣֿԼӰӣǿʫʱ־ǿȴҹӳЦ
ǰûаʯҲ˵󻰣βԼ밢ͬԸðԼһɣ
ڷǲԼһ棬ʯǺ⣬ʯĵףԼ뷲ˣʵûж𣬱ϾԼҲΪˣ
ʦģһʦֵģҽݵ飬һãϾ²ӯֻҪչ˺˱ãھӪ̣Ҳʦѧϰġ֣ص
˱ϾǷˣ㻹ϿϵϺãԺҪУʲôҪֻдֽϣķұãڶȻ˽͸㣬ߵ̫ЩǣʯԸ
ǣӽ̻壡ͷ
ǾȻȥɣһڹٸһǶҽչһЩдģԺ˸Щӡʯ˵꣬ͷ˳ң
ɽɳۣˣټһϣ겻ڰбΣգмǲҪ⣬Լʯ
ǣɽӦһ
ʦ˷Ҫȥ·;ңԶûǵ̣ûд󣬹⿿ɶݿҪңҪǰ÷׼Ͼɽɳȫʧ٣һʲô쳣طɫ
Ǻǣģ飬ͽˣһ磬ұ̸ʯ˵꣬ط֣صĵ˵ͷ



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µʱɶݣʱȻ㲻̫ãһ˵ȴҲһĵ顣
ˣճãʯǼһԪ֮ķ۸·
۲Ǻܴ󣬲ʮ˵ӣٶȼ죬˽ɽһʥϣԼһʥϡ
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Щ壬ϴĮĶϽһ޶ӣӦϹŽñֻϧòˡʯ̾Ϣ
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Ҳ֪ҽݸʯ˫Ŀ΢еĵָӯǼʯҲ̫⣬аȫȨֻҪӯҲ̫ġ
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º󣬷۴ʮңһЩ߹ػ֮ʣֻҪӴѹͷŶ·㲻ٸ׶֣ƾ۴ԼĹȡ
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ǰԶ򣬹򣬱Ĺ߹ˣҲ߽һӡɽȻΪ˲ٹΣ˽ܶ顣
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λɣһһҹѵǲ뿪ʯɫһ˵оҲδ̫СĽһЩȴᷳ



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뿪ϴ󣬿⼸һȻ֮ˣɱǸոպãʯ˵֮ԶһЦ
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ǣĲǳˣϡͿʯֻǵ˲գ˸ûϢҲû̫ģֱӸ·
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Ͼ֮ǰļȫʧһʯʲô⣬ɽǵ
ҲãһصĿջס¡ʯ˵꣬Ȼ˽ʲô˼ŷֵȥ
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ֻһ˲ûȥƹݣǹһЩУ½˵صһЩ̹˸顣
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˴ȥЩ˷ʱˡʯ̾Ϣ
ôʯ׼¶ǵݣһšո˵˵ʵ
ðգ⼸һЩ飬Ȼƽչ񾧣պһЩǲֱȥƽ̣ԳΪɣںú˽һ˵Щ˶ʧٵˣйءʯɫ
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޷뻢ѨɵûӣһǱֱȥƽתתͲŴƽ˵飬ΣգǼ¾ͺáʯ˫ĿһУԶ˵


ʮ˻ 
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ģǶʳڣܻһЩǳأһ䷱Ĵͳǳأ˻ʳ֮⣬Ƕĳǳˡ
ڣһ̣װɷǷԶԶܸо͸ⱦ˶Ψһһƽ̣ҲǶһ̣
ĳĽֵϣθ죬ֱ̯Ը¥һҰһңһֵӡ
ƽ̸ַǷͷܶЩԶ֮ˣ׷׸ƽ̹һЩϱĻæµŸ˽Ʒ
ĵӰҵ֮Ҳ֪˵ʲôǱֱӴ¥
¥СܰڷһĻܣȴֻȼ˿ͣм䣬һŷһ߶һԵľϡ
£⼸λǰ˵дϾۣ۸̫⣬ҹ̸ƴ¥߹˵һ䡣
Ŷȥɣ°˰֣ƹ£ĵӰľ
֪λѹжϾҪʮ£ʵ޷۸ҪﵽһٿϣϷῼһ¼۸Ͼʮһ顣ɫƽʵ
ϾȻûжãһҲʹһƱʹϾԼһϾȴǼϡ١
仰ʵΪˣԴѹ۸ΪóʮϾģûУҲʢ
˵һٿˣƽóʮңǴͻˣ㰴հʮһϾһٿļ۸Ǿͼһˡ
պаϾ񣬲֪ܸһʲô۸񣿡֮УһŻۣݣƤ׾һ˫۵Ŀ꣬ɫƽ˵һ䡣
ˣʯˣȻǷϣģԼɽˣ
ʲôλаϾ񣿡˫ĿһɣЩվһ˷֮ɫ
漴ѹסԼЦݣһƽ̬Ǽȴǳ
ԼЩ߼æλãɫλѣɲҪƭңƽ̵Ҳ֪
ôµ˼ǲҪˣʯһ
³Ƭ̣ڵЩ۸
еϾ㿪۰ɣʯֶһöԪָװһٶʮϾ
жʮ飬ǷֱɽĹ֣ԼõģģڴսǧԪеõġ
ȻʯֻóһСֶѣϾԷĿͲˣҪԼһóһǧ飬º߳ˡ
߿ԪָڣаϾʱɫٴμ
֪λγƺϾ׼γۣʵ
ʯЩϾҪһʮһ飡ʯ΢΢һЦ˵
ʲôһʮ򣿡۽һɫһ壬Ԫָʯ
ߣƽʱϾ񲻹ʮһ飬Ҳƽ̣Ÿʮôߵļ۸һҪһʮǹļ۸ϷɵӲɣ߲õ
ǺǣģʯĳҲðգӸѼЩϾڼЩԴȻҪһЩ߼ۣ
˵ʮļ۸ǰҲȷ򵽣ϾϾޣھ˵һ飬Ҳչ٣ѵ𣿡ʯЦһӪ֮ȱۣʯɲ߲ʲô
㡭üʯԲ٣񿪳ļ۸ȻǰҲ򲻵飬Ͼ̫ϡ١
һ飬չҲӴ̫࣬ĬƬ̣߻ڵȻʯЩһʮһļ۸ǲҲЩ̫ˣǲ
ҵĶȻԼҪʯĳֻһϾҲͲں˷ѿˣˣȻƽ̲ҪʯĳԼűǣߣʯ˵꣬Ǵżתߡ
ȵȣɫһڵϷһһ飬ϣǵؿǣԴһ£ˡ
˼۸룬ǣʯ˵꣬˱¥ݣ߲һվŬŬ죬ȴһ仰Ҳû˵
ΪԼʵڸǸ۸
˼Ƭ̣˫ĿһУ촽΢Ƭ̺һԪ˵ء
ղˣȥһ£סʲôطһ˵ҪǣǣԺײ߽ϣǺתȥ



ʮŻ ݷɱ
գڡ
ʯˣһΪԪĿջ˳
һЩ˵ط飬˳˵һЩ׬İ취ȱӣһڽֱй䣬һ̡߽
ȥһҾƹݣʼԶȣʱʱĶ·ĸ߽ߣǽɽҪһ㡣
һĻȴһ꾡۵ף
ƽ̣ĳ侲ڣ
˵а񣿡һ꣬ɫһĿǰ£˵һ䡣
ƹûڣȻҾˣҲ̫ˣȻһʮһ飬㹻չϾļ۸񡣡̾Ϣһ
һʮ򣿡üЦҪۣҪǲʮҶҲ֪ҪЩϾкãĪǴﻹΪ֪;
ӱＸеԣϾӦûôɣ̫٣չ£Ҳյ˲ʮ顣ҡͷ
أ㲻ķβ˰ɣɫ
ٺ٣˼ˣ˳һǵ·ӲҶˡЦ
ʱ洫һ
Ӧһһᣬʯ˵ĺ꣬ǽ˷䡣
ƹ񣬼ϡ깰ֵ
Ҫˣ˵˵ʲôϢӦòᷢɣʵ
ûбǷ֣ȲԣҿԪջסˣĴо׬İ취ȱӣǿ˵Щԡü
Ŷкβԣƹ꣬˵һ䡣
һɱϣմѪ֮ˡ˵
˫ĿһУŶɱأ뷽跨׬ѲɣǸڹרŸɱ߽總ɱ˴ٹŻ
ҲûпܣҪȻôϾ񣿡ƹ˼ȻҲܲǣ֮˴򽻵СһЩΪá
Щɱ˴ٵļһʲôóȻ˲ǼͻȻԵķ裬ķֵӰ첻ˣȥǡƹɫ
ʲôƹ񣬵ǰйȥĻǲЩΣˣü
ȻˣһнԺΪϲսҲ㵨ûУĻôⳡɹƹΪЦЦ
⣬ðɣúȸȥٴʮԪͬУر֤ƹȫ˵
أƹֱ˵İ˰ֲ֣ȥ̣ô˸ʲôЩΣҪȥðǲܴ棬а취ǲòˣ
⡭¸Ҫ˵ЩʲôȻɫһһһöС
Ȼϣ⼸ˣǸڹӲӣרŴˣڳԺڣͨڱ߹ش
ɽĹҲʧ٣ϲӦǺڳԺڣ˷ֱڧӳĸӦ˲룬ȻɽĹֿɲöԸЦ
ã֪ǵ·ͺðˣʲôˣʲô취ƹЦЦ¶֮ɫ

ǣԪջ
ڶһ磬ʯ˻ûüţпã
ʯѿڣһ꣬һ꣬ʯ˾סСԺǰ
ʯĺ
΢΢һЦŶ룬ʯûдޣһƣĴӴ˯ѵӡ
Ҫ֪߲ƣ͵һ̶ȣǸ˯ߵģѹ̫˯
ǺǣʯϢˣ˼ʯЩΡ
޷֪ǣʯü䱸֮ɫһԲ꣬һڡ
ǶƽΣ˷ǰ빺ʯеϾġƹЦ
Ŷԭƹλʯ˰֣漴ľ֮ϡ
ʯѣЩҲ˲̷УҲ˽Ͼ飬ƽ̣ĳ˵ǲеڶˣܸ㿪һһļ۸񡣡ɫ
ʯƬ̣ЩΪѵʵ飬ôҪƽֵģȻаϾ񣬲ֵƽ֣ʵڲʣ١
ԣ۸ˣʯĳȥƽ̷ƽ̲УҾһ·ƽ̡
ٲУҾͼһ·ȥƽ̣˸۸ߣһ·Ȼķʱ䣬˵Ͼ񣬺ٺ٣ѹǰ㲻ʯĳ㲻ʯһзһ˿ɱ


ʮ װ
ʯв΢΢һЦҲʯǸˣڣƽȻϲսңҲвֵġ
вʯĳôҪǿϾ񣿡ʯЩʵ
ʯѲҪᣬĳŵǰΪ̸Ͼļ۸Ҫдģò˵۸ˣܴһĵӣ˵أЦ
ʯ˫ĿһУһȻӡ
ȷμȻһͽǰǾǱ̸жֵ˼Ҳ˵Ĵ֮Լʯ䱸
ϾƽѾʯ˵·ٵŻܲͻҲԸˡ
ǺǣȻڵ˳ģ˵˵۸ʯĳܷܣʯǰһ̽һç嶯Ըӡ
һٶʮһ飬߼۸ʵȥƽܵ꣬ҲԲ߳۸񣬴˷Ҿ׬һҵʱҲĵ˽͡ɫһ
ԣʯһвۼһ˿ɫ
Ǻǣʯĳɲţƽܵһļ۸񣡡ʯ¶Цȴ˼ţƽܵ꣬ʲôطǰǴû
Ǻǣʯѿ֪ƽܲͽƽܵ꣬ɲô򵥣Ī˵һٿϾ񣬾óٿٿ飬Ҳδػ߿һۡ
ȥϾģĸٿ飿óˣɾͨˣչ棬ġ
ʯΪŪôһ㣬̧ܱ߼۸𣿿еҪ㹻˵ΣգþաһΪһʯȻԸһˡ
෴ǣʦȴ˳˼ɫò
ʯ̧ͷ¶Цݣ˼һٶʮļ۸ֵʵڲ֣ԣʯĳֻȥһЩﵽһȥܵԡ
ԣ˫üһ壬ʯʵڲ֪ߵغɱ˶ᱦļһȻ̰ᣬΪˣȻὫ뷨ϡ
Ƭ̺¶΢ЦǺǣʯѼȻˣĳǿ󣬲ǵ˸ļ۸룬ٻĳҵĴŷ
ʯӹεĴŷƬ̣漴ԼĴŷ
ãƽܵҲУʯĳһڵѣʱ򣬻Ҫ˽춨õļ۸ǡʯЦЦ
ֻҪʯѱ֤аٿϵ۸Ȼ䣡ε˵ͷ
ãһΪʯһЦ
ǺãĳͲˣǣι˹֣תȥʯЦ֪ͣԶ٣ʯϵЦݲŻ
̸̸ƻɣʯ˵һ䣬ת߽Ƭ̺󣬽ɽϣģ½䣬漴
ͬʱʯСʩչһ硣
ɽһ·򶫣ⶫ֪ߣĸңʯһ䡣
ȿȣ⻹治۵ʧȥϢҲǵһôԶȡɽЩε˵
ӦƽɣϷԴ˹Щӡ󣬼ǵǰ뿪ʥ£·ƽȻⶫһƽ˼졣˼
ǱˣƽܲӦƽʯ˵
ɽ˫ĿһУܲƽֲȡΪƽ죬ԭƽԴ̣˹ҵ̡
˵ҲǺô磬еԹڵǳһ̣ͽ̡
һҼԴڣһ̽Դ̣Թ̣ͷһʯǰϢȷɿ
Ӧÿɿ׿˵ϣ֪ƽԼƽ̣ʲô˽⣿ƽǷӴģʯ˼䡣
üҡͷңҲ˽ⲻ࣬Ͼֻ·Сסգܿóƽ䷱ǿǸеٮٮˡ
ƽ̣ҵ˽ⲻ࣬ǵõڶڣȷһƽ̣ҲȥתһȦ
ûʲô˲õıϣһ㣬Ҳûʲôϣû̫֮ģûдõıһѣȽȫ֡
˵꣬ƲƲ졣
ʯҡͷЦ½ϵ̣϶ܿϵıϣһ˵Ҳ֤˴̲ȫǲ֪ǲƽܲ
ȥ֪ˣ
ʲôȥƽڵƽܲʹãⶫ֪ʲôΣգһóȻȥΣδ֪ȥɽæַԵ



ʮһ ĵƲ뽻
ǻڶϢһЩɽɫ
ʱ䲻ˣһγҲаʱˣĿǰȻȫȷʥʱֻᷢ
ԣֻܾƽ˵飬½˱ɱطǼʥϱҲġʯ̾Ϣ
⡭ɽҪ˵Щʲôʯִϡ
ǺǣҲõģǴ˷ֲǿ棬ȥƽһ⣬źܿͻҵǹ֮ˣ˽˵ľʯЦЦ
⣿ɽһ¡
ȻȻ֪ƽΪҪ˶Ͼ񣬵պһЩֻҪóһٰ룬Էˣʱʲôǽʯͷ
Ͼ񣬳ӱＸ̶ֹԣЩ֮⣬Ϸʵڲ֪кãΨһ˵ӱԣҲûʲôá
ⶼǵͽõϣǸ˷ʱȥоʲôˣȻƽΣգǵʧ٣úڶҲãһʱȥ˵ġɫ
ʯţϣѣĳȻ뵽һֿܣһô˵ģȻ˵һ䡣
˵˵ʯȻ
ɽ˵ⶫһϢʧ٣ûֿܣǲڶʧ٣ǴϢȥƽ
ûȲ鵽ʲôûиɽѴϢƽԣǶһδϢĵص㣬ʧٵĵص㡣ƴһͬʱ˫Ŀһ
ȷֿܡʯ
Ϸȷʱûж룬ĵѹȻһԾˣɽ˵Ц
λ²ԹˣЦЦ
΢΢һЦ˵ˣСӾͱǫˣΪϷôϲƬƬΪϷ֪СΪ˻½
ʯͬĵ˵ͷЩӴΪĺٿڣΪһԣЩľګˡ
Ͼʯ뽪ɽ̫˽ģڷ²ʥǧˣʯȴ˽ÿһˣߴóˣͱ磬ڿʼ˽ˡ
ĵԤⶫ͸ûҪ˷ʱˣϾ񣬿ƽƽס
⽫жЩôǾɣⶫƽȥƽ̸̸ʽסʯ°ͣ˫Ŀ΢е˵
⡭ɽĬƬ̣ڵĵ˵Ǿ͸ܵˣƽƽҡ
Ͼܲ˵˾˼ƽĵ̣ǵļʧ٣֤ƽȻ֮ʶ̽ӣԣǱ㻹ҪСһЩ
ʵҲ˵ǣ˼ʵղ˵ģҲֻһ²⣬Ǽʧ٣Ҳһͬһ˸ɵġ
пǱƽ˵˷ݣԽնɱҲп··֮ͱɽĹǣͨĴԲˣҲǵĶ֡
ƽţҲп̽ǶԷҵ̽ӣڰܴ޷֪
ϾҲ尵мӣⶫҲлȻûĿŵİмӣⶫҲܷǲܣҪġ
ʵãпܱǴɱһǧһҪʵǿǲ̽ӣҲκβãԣ֮ǰпǱƽ˵˻ɱҲпڱ֮֡
ǰ˿佱ĵѣܵѹȻ˼ݣ˼άϸ壬ĳɽɫһĹ˹֡
ǫһЦʯҲĵϸеȣͬʱҲһİָеңҪԼһĵˣǽἫ¡
ǺãҾ͸ϽȥϢһ磬Ǳ·ʯ˵껰˵ͷȥԻصԼķס

ʮǣ
ʱ仯ʯһʱΪԼ룬ҲΪԼƵİ룬ļҩ̣Ҳ˲С
ȻѸҽΣߣǴٶȲ죬ʱ䣬ʮǸǳشҲ֪¡
Ͼ˺߶߶Ҳգǧ֮⣬αһҲʱ䣬ĳѵҩ̣òһ£ᾪڵߡ
Ƿ˽ȺҲǽͨϢǷ񷢴ҪأǸżиҲעõҩ̣ȥɢݣˣ͸ûʱȥ߶ˣҩ̵鴫ݻ
ȻⲢӰҩʮڵм侴ҩ̵ĴˣҩΧ˸ˮйͨ
һգʮĳֵϣΪΧһ㽨ΪáǰļҽݣҲһЩҩĵҩ⣬ֻ۸˰ˡ
ãĳ侲ڣ
תһṦطŶ롣
ôʦܣʦ˵Ϊ˱鷳ôҽ˹ǱϾߣַܲ˽ǲ̫õġطɻ
ʦ֣治֪ôģЩͨ󣬵Ҳķ˺вĽûĶſڡҡͷ
ȻⰢطĹϵİʱҲϤˣ˵Ҳûʲôܻ䡣
ȿȣʦ˿ԴӺԺڴӽģٺ٣ȥҪ˵ңϰʦܿҽݣطЦһ¥ǰҽǰΧˮйͨ
Щ˼֮ˣһվ̫£ƿͬĺſںš
ҪõˣҪ԰лԱǵл⡣
ұ뵱λ˰лĸһ
ҲҪллλˣҺһȻҲûˡ
ǰҪߵлλˣûӣҪãЩ𲡵ˣͲˣлˣǷ׷׽кš
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ʦֱȡЦˣֲϰ壬ֻһˣ֪ҽʦʣʦԸȡʦһ֣֮Ϊá
֮ǰ˼Σƴҿͷлֻ֮һ֮ˣ֣ʦµģҪлҲлңʦɫ
ֺαأҲ֪ʦ϶лģô˵ˣŪǶˣʵǵĻطҡҡͷ
ʦ֣취ģȡЦң˵˵ô죿˵
⡭ط˰죬ȻԺһЦˣȻʦ˲ڹʦĻҪлǺˡ
ҲãʦһԸͷ¶棬᲻ʦˣǵ
ٺ٣ʦʲôˣֻҪѻ񻭳ʦа취˿òУʦ˵㿪ãﾭӪҲˣҿɢˣط˵
ҲãҪȥطЩ㣬ҲȲߣʦܲܰңٺ٣΢΢һЦ˵
㰡ʦ鷳ˣ˵ɣһطȥģطεҡҡͷ
ʦ֣ǰĸǾڽǰɣϾ̣Уʦһ˽£ϣʦܰҡɫ
Ŷʲô£һ֣أطЩɻ
룬ҲʦֿɲԴһЩ˵´μʦԸһϲ˵꣬طһ㶣漴ЦǺǵĴӦ


ʮ ٴʧ
ºƽ
ݣƽĵһƽݣ˶ҲƽȽϷĴݣ޷ƽȡ
Ͼƽǻʳڣػǳڶ࣬ǻˣ
ݣĳƬƽԭ֮ϣһ޴ĳǳأԶԶȥһֻڵľޣſ޿ڣֻԶԶһֱۣĸо
ڣһֵĴϣĵӰйţָ֮µһЩС̯ڷƷŻ̵Ļɼ˹̶ȡ
һṦĵӰһΪ󡯵Ŀջ
ĳ侲ڣͬʱַУʯˣ
ʵ϶ǵС£ֻһͨ뺣ϣǳ˴Ĵۣɽҡͷ̾Ϣһ
ԭ׼ȥƽʱ򣬷˿ӣͷԷȻǶ֮ˣݲ١
ʯûΪҪȥʣ׼һЩô￪һͨ뺣Ҫǿƽעϡ
ϾЩڲҹǣҪһЩϢĳλִһЩôûӴϢ߹
ƽ֡ǮȻҪ֧ô붯Ҳ뾳¼ʯ˾Ҫˡ
֪Ĺ־ߣȻϷԣʯó޴ջҲ־ܾ£ʯֻǿ
·߹֮ʣ·֮ˣֻˣʯûҳ֡
ʯ˳߽֮ͨȴ⵽ƽ߽ҵֿƽ˴ɢǵ޷ʯˡ
ˣʯ˻˳Ĵƽ̶ⶫݶڣϾ˵ؾƽ̣ڴ˵ش죬ЩҲȽϤ
ʯǣƽܱ߹طɭϣҷӴ󣬵ǿ뾳ЩӣȻû˿̽١
ǿֶΣ綫½Ͼ˼һ֪뾳ٲ̽ʯϸһҲ˽⡣
ϾƽǸǿû˸£ҲûʲôӵĹң붫ƽŶ˫˼뾳İˡ
ƽ˷ɣǸʯ˻ᣡ
޷׵ģƽ̣ἰһε飬ֻҪһǵɱ˶ᱦŻҲͲǿ߹صˡʯŽɽĻ˵Ļشһ䡣
Ҳã˷ƽŷǰңʵС󡣡ɽ̾Ϣһ
Ȳȥƽ̣һ£˹ηֲһԱȴһƽ˵֪ܲжǿˡʯɫ
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Ǻǣϻ˽̽磬Ϊˣ壬Ҳû˸СʲôΪӴĺǿǲȶʦĺСģϡʯɫ
Ŷ⵹ǣһ͸ĵ˵ͷ
ɽɳȥˣɳȥˣڴ˹ֲ̽ʯԸһ
ʯǰģڽйԸ׼ֳ㣬͵ƽֻûǰԸһֱŲеС̯Ӫһʱһֻȫʯǰ˿ʼжɽ΢΢һЦ漴´Źȥ
ŶԭɽҲ۵ˣʯ׼Ļܳ֡ЦЦ
ȻϾǵ˵ĸأСһЩ»鷳ԣͽ׼һЩ飡ʯ˫Ŀһе˵
ʱʯżȴ˿ĸҲûдƽ̵飬żȻĳ̣Ҳֻ㿴
ڼ伸Ҳ˼ҪĲϣˣ˿ûгͻĹ۲֮£Ҳû˰мӡ
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ҲüˣӦȥƽ̿ˡʯ˵꣬ɽ¶֮ɫ
ҪҪȥ￴ɽʵ
أȥ⣬ˣⱻ˷쳣СĽҲ䱸ʯ˵
ϵ˵ͷҪ˵ЩʲôɽȻɫһַת֮£ȡһöŷȵݺ󣬶ʱɫ΢䡣
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ʯǰʱɳȥˣÿ춼ϼ磬ҲռһЩϢÿἰƽ̣ǲƽ̣ᷢ쳣
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Ŷƽô󣿸һ˴ǣܽԷʯ°ͣЩŵ˵
Ҳƣɳȥˣ׼ֱӴƽ̵飬ʱʱŸ۶ӳɽ˵
ҲãСһЩʯɫһ
г̣ɽü
䣡ʯ˵꣬˵˵ͷԻص˷䡣
һҹ޻ڶһ硣
գ΢ḧ
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ĽֵϣȺɫԽһһɣһ㽨͸¶һϵϢ
㽨֮ϣһҡƽ̡
ʯ˵ӰֱĽ֮Уҵһƣ򵥵Ľ֮ǻƱ˫ĿɵùԲһؽʯ˴¥
ĳ侲ڣһϥȻţ漴ӦһŶ룬ʯˡ
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Ŷȥɣ˵꣬ƹˡ
λϰ˰֣ʯ
֪λγƺƽ΢ЦȴûѯйϾ顣
ʯʯ˵꣬ϵҲҽܡ
ŶλѲǱˣȻûѯʰߵϾ飬ġ
ǽɽǷϣǰüͷ֪Ϻ«ʲôҩ
ʯüͷһ˼֮£Ȼ̧һЦֵܼˣȷǱˣĴѰһԵ
˵ƽչϾֵܼ˿ʼĴޣ֮ǰڶ̷ֵѯһ£۸̫⡣
֪ܸ٣ʯĳϲӣ㻹Ǳ˵ЩûõĿ׻ˣϣҲɣֱɣ
ʯһϲһϹһ΢Ц
а̾оʯЩ嶯Է˵Ͼ飬ȻҪѹ۸ʯڣȻЩˣǲç֮
ʯѹȻˬʵӣƽ۸ʮһ飬Ӧ֪ϷԸʮһ飬ΣЦЦ
ʮĪڿЦһʮʯĳһ鶼ۣʯЦһ
һ㶣漴ЦЦһ㡣
ʯѿῪЦһϾҪļ۸񣬲֪ʯΪθҪۣǲŽףϷģĲ֪ߵغ񣡡Ц
ԣʯŭһεǰ̽̽ӣвǣֵܾˣ˶ʲôûΪǶ֣ڻл·
ʯ䣬ͷųһɻҩζһѹֵϢͷųʯһӴϢͷŶ
Ϣţ˶Կڰнӵ˷һػţʯϢһо޴صͷ֮ϡ
ϢȴɫһףһƺߣȻһϴ֮ɫˣиģǾ壡
һϲٻɣڶֻ֣Ҫɱһ𣬰ּҲֻܸԼʬˡ
ʯϵɷǲ֪ɱ飬ܻ۳ģϰƶϣ⼸Ӧ·٣ѪĲç֮ˡ
ôϣֵ֪֪ܲߵغ񣬻Ǹ죿˵˵Ͼ񵽵ܸһ飿Ҫǲһɢʯĳûй˷ʱ䣡ʯߵ
⡭ϳĬƬ̣ڵһһʮһ飿
̸㲻ûʯĳղ˵ĻɣȻһʮĳǣʯһ˦ۣżȥ
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ãܲˣϣβҪʯĳʧʯ˵껰ǵ˵ͷ˻֮£¥ϡ


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Ͽڣһһɵ㴫˳ӳһӵŵľңװμ򵥡
ɽˮǽڣЩɫС׺һľϣһȹ񻣬òǵŮ
ŮƤ𪣬̰ͬ㾫£˫Ŀ֮У͸¶ӲЭĲɣԼ䣬¶һˡ
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С㣬⼸λ׵ģһЩϾ񡣡˵
Ŷλ룡Ůͷһƣʧ¶΢Ц
ʯҲҡڵŮӶ棬ʯֱ˵Ŀڵƹ˵
ŮЦϼĴƹݹܴ˵һоӪˣ֪γƺ
ʯһЦղϽܹˣʯ׻Ͳ˵ˣ׵ģԣʯĳԵȥѯۡ
ʯˬ죬ǳ˪֮ˡϼһ㶣漴Ц֪ʯóϾ񣿡
ٿϣʯ˵
ٿ飿ϼüһ£Ƭ̣ڵһٶʮһ飬ǼޣңЩֵ꣬ƹ񲻻Ὺôߵļ۸񣡡
˼˸ʯĳ۸һʮǲ۵ġʯһ
Ŷ֪˸ߵļ۸񣿡ϼһ䡣
ǵ⣬ɻ˵ɣʯЦЦ
˼ͻˣϼҡͷһЦʯѿļ۸δ̫ûгˣʵ޷ܡ
ŶҪʯĳɾȥұˡʯЦһ
㣡ǣϼ˿ûЦƣ⵹ʯһ£϶Щż
ߣǣʯƺоܵǳһ߷ߵĴżȥ
ʯѿԿǼ죬Ҳȥһ£ļ۸Ӧò˱ߣʯߵſڣϼﵽ
ʯŲ΢΢һ£ȴûпڣżת뿪ֱ̣ӻص˿ջ
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仰˵װҲûôװİɣ˼ҵĵ̰
ôˣңʯϣͿɻĿ⡣
ʯǰ֮ǰǲЩˣ˼ҵĵ̣Ϲѹ۸ἰϾ飬ȳסڵģϾ˼ҵ̣ǲǡɽ˵һ룬ûм˵ȥ
ǺǣԭΪʯЦЦһâ
ʯЦǸϺ꣬⾫⾫޵ǾӪ֮ΪԴСȡ档
Ǹ⾫Ϊ̸ϾҪĿΪ˴ѹ۸Ǿʹشˡ
ѹ۸ֻһҪĿģǲԹɫʲôӦķʽ䰵ж˾Ӫּ֮ۻۣһϾ̸һʮļ۸
ˣпܱ¶ǵݣǵĻɣ˶⾫ǳУҪҲֳͨӪ֮ȴһܵļ۸һỳǣףͼ
˫ĿһŶʯǰ˼ǣϾʵʼ۸Ҳ򲻵һʮװһç嶯ӡ
һȻǵ·٣ıֻ֪ɱɱһԲϾҪֵçʯŲǿƵĶ֣Ϣѹϣ
Ҫ٩٩̸ƽ¾ͻǻˣʯ˵꣬˶ʱȻ

ͬһʱ䣬ƽ̣ĳ侲ڣ
ϣôˣȹŮӿ˿ǰϣһ䡣
С㣬̽Ǽһ·򶫣ӦǴģ½һЩ̳Ͼ񣬴ﵽʱ򣬲һٿ顣
ѾѯʹĸΣӴʯԣǼĲ࣬Ӧǲç֮רŸһЩ·ٵĹ
ڶôϾôЩңһЩЩĴŻ½ʧ٣ɽĹȫʧ
֮ǰϷս۲ἰϾ飬Ͽڴѹ۸̸ܳ۸񣬲вϷΪ˻֪һʮ۸񲻿ܻҪۣǻǾЩˣ˵ɴɱҲҪǡ
ǴԸ嶯вϷ򣬹룬Ӧò̽Ϣ֮˵ͬ
ǳͷ⣬ƽҰϾЩ̽Ϣˣòѯʣû˸̴̽Ϣ
һʮļ۸Ҳǲç֮ͷԵӣǼ죬ȻϾǣٺ٣
ԣϼ˵ͷȻжֵ긺ΣԼ˵˽֤ϼҲͷˡ
ǻǲСˣ絶ѪŪٶϾҲ֪ɱ˶ģȻǾӪ֮˵ļıԶԣƶڴ򶷶սһЩСݾġ
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ǺǣҲ޷λãӦҲģ˵ٺ٣Ǹ붼벻˵Сͷĵƺˡϵͷ
ϣ˰ɣܾЩرȴ˵ԣСΪϼü΢壬˵˵һ䣡

ЩˣһЩˣԽɵİ취Խǹá
ڴǰˣ벻Էɽ䱸Ҳѣڴǰ֣װɵ㶣ֻҪݼλöԷƲɾ衣
ֵıȶԷԷ᲻㣿
ڶһ磬ʯ˱뿪˿ջβûȥƽ̣ҲûȥѯϾļ۸
˿ĿģڽֵйżҲһЩ̣һЩϣֱߵ̯С⣬ʯҲֹ
ĳ̯ϣһź£òͨӣŵ̯ڵô
ǧһС飡̯˵
ôƽ̻ѵĻ˼Һãˣ̸ƽ̵ķչ֪ǷԸ½˵
Զʯй䣡
ɽ鶼źˣʯһ䡣
ʯǰǰԶǵ̯ӣ۵ˣɽ˵꣬üڵֻʯǰΪҪලѵͳ۲ϸ񣿡
ԣʯЦЦʱˣߣҪ̫ʯ˵껰˿й䣬ȴ֮ˣʼڽֵй䡣



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ֵϣӴӲֱѯƽ˵飬òʱᵽһ죬ĵӡ
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ʯǰ֪۵˰¿ɻ⣿ɽ΢Ц
ڽɽʯǼලһ£Լƹܵ۵Σã˻㶪ȻûдõϢ·޵͵ϲۼ
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ȥתһȦҲûз˸ټʲôȻ۵˻㰲ȫи۵˵ʧٵġ
ʯѸʱֻҪ˶˲ǱԽס˳һƽ˵飬˷жҲˣٺ٣ЦЦ
ԭˣɽȻ򣺡ҲԲɫһ֮ˣһֱٻɱ۵ŻֱӲ鵽ǵϳ
£Ҫ£Ҫǵ֣ʱ˵ѾصջŲһӦòµģǼʯ˵꣬˵˵ͷ漴Իصס
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һṦ򣬷ģȺңûãɽҲ˽ֻɫЩӡ
ôˣʯɽı飬Щɻʵ
ʯǰսӵϢ۵ˣڿջʧˣɽü
ʲôʯɫһ˿Ĭãڵһסˣ
ûУǶǷɢûмжƽʱۼһ˶˵ע⡣ɽ̾Ϣ
һԪߣȻڿջʧˣӦòǺڵɱ˶ᱦɣȷʵû˸סڿջô¶ģϳ˼
Ͳˣɽҡҡͷ
°ͣڵƽ˵ˮǲǳԺҪСˣɣһˣͬʱжȻǺ٣һΣǵ˿ջҲҪڡ
ʯ˵꣬ɽ˿飬ֱӴŸ˴˵۸ˣʱӵظ˲Ƶ뿪˿ջ
ֵϣ˴˷׼ɽָ㣬˱ϳ۵ӰȺ̣ڽֱ߷ת˰졣
˽һҾƹݣʯ˽룬֮ûн̸ʲôֻһûһţĴĿ˼̸ۣƽ˵顣
ʯҲòһ˶˻̶Ȳ㻻Լ˴ҲˣϾĿŵ
ֻһʱǽɽģʯ뷽ϣûзڰп֮̽ˡ
Ƕ뿪ƹݣһҿջסʯڸйһᣬҲ˾˿ջס˵ĸڡ
ڣʯʩչһڿռ䡣
ʯǰһֱû˸ǣ֪Ƿ쳣ûУɽɫ
üûз쳣Ŀڵ
ʯ˵ͷһûʲôɵˣΪ̫СĵĹϵû˶ϡ
ɽ˵ϴǼҽջûκ˽̸α˶ϵģɻ
ͲˣǾ￴Ƿп˳֣ϴҶСһЩʯ˵꣬˵ͷӦһ漴뿪ʯڷ䡣
ŹرգʯŴ鿴ã˫ĿһյĴ
ʯȴһֱֻҪԺһ򶷣ʯ׵ز
Ȼ˵ûܶԼ֪̽飬ʯãʵ˺٣Ҳ
һҹȥʯδҹ˴򶷣ϾԪԲڣԼ֣Ҳһ㶯ûо͸ɵһ
ʯ˫Ŀһ˸һһɾ紵һϣģſŽɽ
Ǻǣ컹㰲ȫʯѣǹ©һЩţ˷ָ٣ǲܾҵˣȻ̫ˣ˽˺ѷ̽Ӳע⵽ϸһݣһϡ
ҲãòҪֱȥϵɽɣûҪ̫ǵĿǵ㣬Ǵʲôʯ˵꣬ɽ΢Цĵ˵ͷ
ɽ΢΢һЦ漴ڹϼһȡһöһɫ˲һ䡣
ʯǰ۸˵ʧȥϵǴûеõظɽ㶵˵
ʲôƤʧ٣ôܣߣǹȥɫһоʵЩˡ
ȵȣǾȥƺ̫ãһ˷֣Ϊһģʯæסˡ
ô죿Ȼ˵ʧˣҲֻûиŶѣ˵ڷУ㲻ڣǾôѵȥü
ȱ𳳣лˣַûʲôӦʯ˵꣬װģ뿪˷䣬վԺ
ʮͷĻƣһڣʯ˴һк漴֮˾סǰ˼·š
λǰֻһķ⣬֪ǷסҪǾסҪˣƹ˵
ǵãҲûжҲû

ٴ˼ţλǰҪΪСģҪҪ⣬ƹĻҵģǰǰ
ߣȻ˿֮ˣ˼ҿջѲɣʯĪһ䣬ɽһ£漴׹
СֵܣֵˣѵһǣҲȻƷԣǰһصһű˿
˿Ľ뷿Уֿһ򶷵ĺۼûС
лλǰˣǻǿȥɣǿջģʵڲܺӲģȻƹҪ˵ˣһί
ʲôڣҶţͿֿס겻ǮˡɽһѽƵһߣȥʯ˽
ǻں첱ӴֵĽ˼ȴһöûУ֮ٺżˣ˶ִ
֮ʯտյֱûסһҲ˿ûд򶷵ĺۼ룬ľľιؾصķһյ¯ðȽȽ̡
ףҲʧˣƾһȴû̫𾪣ֹһοֳˡ
Ƶı飬ʯ˾۵ףʯʵ¯һ˿֮󣬶ʱ˫Ŀһ¶֮ɫ
ԪԲػʧ֤ʵǿʯԽƽ˵һУЩɲˣ
ʯѿڿջʯ˼֮ʣſںȻһİɽ˶ʱ˫ĿһУ濴ȥ



ʮ ֲĵ
ǣʯ߳ңԺһӣ΢ЦĿżˡ
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ŶǵϢͨǻסַҳôҵôƹ׼۸ˣʯһ
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ðɣǾȥʯ˵ͷ˸ӣƽ̡
㾲ڣʯ˶Уϼӣվһԣ
ð뼸λѣ£ϼ΢΢һЦ
ؼ⣬ʲôֱ˵ͺã⼸׼ȥܵתתߵļ۸񣡡ʯЦЦ
ҪüλʧˣżλҲӦ֪ƽǿˣܲڱܸܵļ۸񣬾Բᳬһʮ򡣡ϼɫ
ŶԼãʯü
Ϊ˵ɹĴƹԣһЩƷ۸˽˷ųչߡϼЦЦ
ϼ˵ˣʯЩ⣬漴ЦȻˣϼӾͲҪˣǷôչʯĳܷٿϾҪ
Ҫ۸̫ߣߣǻһַʽҪϼӲɫĵ
вʯĳʯɫһ
ңֻʵʵ˵ˣ˽˵ֶΣλȻʵ˵ãѲڣ˱Ƽˣʲô¶ó
ȻҲߵһʶʱΪܣʯһѡõģȻϾ֣ȴκκôΣաϼޱ˵
ֵʲôûƾ̣ߣڳתתҪûкʵң˾ȥܲʯĳܲһļ۸񣡡ʯɫõվ
ʯȥܲѯʼ۸ȻϣʯѵʱþգҪֵ̫ϼӿڵ
лġʯ˹֣תȥڻͷʱʯȷʵ΢΢üЩɻĿ˿ϼӵӣȷʲôһ
һĻϼУȷʵʯ̰Լɫ֮ˣ

صջʯ˾ۼ˷С
ϼ׼Ӳˡɽü
δأŮӦٸѹǾеϾ񣬷ҲȥܵĻᣬҲǸ˵ˣһʮӦߵļ۸ˣʯ˵
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ȥܲһʱģˣƤӵʧ٣Ҫúòģ֪кοʯһ䡣
һ֣ʲô磬赲Ǹ֪Ȼɱˣɽɫ
üȻϷΪ׵ңĿǰƺ˵ˣʵ벻͡
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ϲӦǲ˶ĸﱾ޶ˣ̴ľңԼԭƵ¯һ𣬾ͻء
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ǰαϾǰи٣ⱻ˷֣ʯɴ趨·ߣ¸ƵĵȶԷԶڶû뵽Ȼķ֡
ʯߵֵϵʱ򣬷֮ǰ֮ѯʹĽֱߵ̯̯ǰƣһЩ·ˣȻͶһ񣬷׷¶ı飬֮ʧķ
ȻʯľĸоĪƽ̣ڵȫˣֱֹ̣߷У˶ǹı顣
˵ǿջɱ֮ˣҲͲˣ뵽ʯȻɫ뷽϶һֺۣҲ˫Ŀ΢УҲ֮ǰǰɣ
ǲǵ͹˶֣Ǵж˶ֵļǣƺһһҺƵϵȻؿջ˵
ʯҿڣ˴ϣתſջȥ·ϣԽƽƽ̣صʵЩֲ˲֪ǣʱ֮ˣѾٴʧ٣


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ĬãĻڵ򣡡
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пջڴϢ˵ĳסʱϼֱ´ˣջ£Լȫ֧Ԯ
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ȵȣ֮ǰǻҪ飬ɽȥʯ˵꣬ɽ˵ͷ΢΢һЦ漴Իصס

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ջ񣿡ЩԣϼӲ˵Ӧһ˳ңϼĿתҲ֪˼ʲô

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ϵҲûţǳְģɵؽһ֣ѹһԭƣҲ˲ռϷ硣
ɽʯİȻ޷ռϷ磬Աû⣬֮ǰû̷һŵҩ֮ʯֿС
ԴӺ֮Ȼ׺ݣֶʵȴ죬ʯҲٱһ˲ס֮ˡ
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Ȼ࣬ûϼӴ˶࣬Щ˵սʵͣ˵һ䡣
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޷һСˣʯǰǼ·ɣҪⵢʱ䣡ɽ˲ǵѪٴ̷˼ŵҩ
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ߣʯһ£˱ǶݹһƾҪǿ߹أ
ʯѣôּˣô𣿡Ȼ䣬ǽϷɳһӰϼӣʯı飬ЦЦ


ٰʮһ 
ϼӳڴ߾ʯϵҲ⡣
ʯüƣ˵ȥ߹Խ˵ŮأҲӦȥ߾Ӧó
Ͼƽܱ֮߹֪֮ĸǸ·ĸԽΪԤϵģ
Ůʶʯļƻ׼Ӵ߹ҪʯҲӦôɣ͸պóɣ
ʯѿǽƻû뵽ߣڶ˰ңϼӼ˲˵ɻӣ¶Цݡ
ԶԶԣĸȿģ
׵ģ
˳ϵģߣ
ʯ˾ɲ֮ʣȻڳǽϿϤӰִ򶷵ͽףվڳǽָʯˣһģϼȿֺ˵
״ʯ˻Ȼֻû뵽Ľ
ƽȹȻһ㣬չ֮£Ϊƽڲ֮ˣⲻӦ˵һңһŹҵĻӡ
ʵһ͵ĶڸûˣȻڲĸȨߣ϶һˡ
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ϼΪЩ߹ػܵסˣʯɫһ˿ǧ˵ı߹ػ࣬ΪͳһԪϾ
ǷԪ죬ҲټԲ硣
ʯѷģһΣԲʧģϼԱϣһӣǽϺȻɱ죬ԭ߹ػȻ˽ǧˡ
Ҫ˵֮ǰǽǧ˱߹ػʯ˷ϾԪֻв٣ҴԲֻʮңԪڣͬͽûзֱ𣬿һдԪϾ
ֵǧ棬ȻȫǷԪڣǴԲ磬ˣݳ֣ǷϿҲüͷһ塣
뽪ɽˣ͸һˣϲ˵أ
ϵ˵ı飬ϼ΢΢һЦ䷢ʯȻɫأȴû̫ĵǣϼӲü
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ϼһҲɻʯʲôֻһҽдǽϿѾɱ졣
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ȻЩҲһЩ滹гǧϰٵȫƽסҲɲǵʱ䣬ƽǱһɣЩܽҲײƵɲǱѿ
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Ҫˣ뿪ϼӵĻ˵꣬ʯ뷽ϣΪŮķ̶ȸе£ǽЩ¶ңȴ¶޿κȻı飡


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ֲĶ飬˿ֲĵսսĳǿʵϼӴ⣬ѵˣʵ
ֻһ룬ϼӱһĸо˶ֵĿ³̶ȣǰɫʧϼɫԽ
֪ΪΣʯ֮󣬴ŮǵûŭЩȻ˿һֻһ˿ʧȻҲ֪ʲô

պ߰˰˺ƺƵһƬԭϿշɶݣѾ
ԭʯ׼˳֣ǰ۵˻ƽ͵߰˰ʥ֮פأĳʯѵ㣡ɫһ˵
ˣ²㣬ֻǰ뵽һЩܣһЩһõϵ׼ˣ˷˳ӳƽǶ࿿Эǣʯ΢΢һЦ
ʯʵ̫ǫˣϹһЦһҲϷʶˣǰСˡ
ǰ·ƽҲңȻһ˵ĴӪ
˿ʯսɲ֮ǰôˣϾӴ̫֪ʯкδ㣿


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ٺ٣ҽݣѾڽؿˣȻֻҽݣǵʱƶĿ죬ҪҲǰ̫ϸµԵʡ
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ʯ˵Ż˫ĿĿŴ⣬Լѡ񣬵ûгΪߣԸһԷ˷ޡ
ֻԸΥ磬Ȼɽȴ룬Ҳ޷оҵůҸ
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ϷʵΪˮϣ̾Ϣһ
ߣҲ޷ŭȻ飬Ҳֶĳ壬ɱˣ˭ǴԴϹӦ˭Ǵ㲻ң㲻ϷԺ֧ӴĲԴӦ
ߣˮϣһߣģҿǰӹˣϺͿˣƽǰû֧֣ĳɾͣ
ɳϰӣԱս֮֮֮ۺսԾӲˣսۺսһЩ߳٣͸Ϸа壿
Ҹ㣬ƽдﵽĳɾͣҲǰǸСˣ𣡡
Ǻǣƺ˽⾭Ӫ֮Цֻ֪ԴԴϵĴȡ֪˷չʲôز
ĳֻ̣һģƽ˵ѾҪңȲ˵ѱǷؼҲңսڸּܣ޷ΪԼˣ
ˮŭƽ죬ֻΪ˻ɵһֽף۳ɳĶҲ޷Ƕڴ½Լһϯ֮أϷһ
ȻһβϷ飬ʵˣڻս£ϷûģҪסһ仰Ϸƽ죬ԷһˣνֻҪ˼ɣΪ֮
ϣˮ΢΢һİʧһһŭĶˮ򣬾þû˵


پʮ ʤ׷
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һʮһдһŤƺʱҪƿӡ
ֻ֣ҪƵһдʣЩױƵ˵ǵԮȥ֧Ԯڣºܻ֧Ԯǣ֮±ؽڣֳϹһЦ
ãʩչϻܱ֮Ƶ󷨣ųɫһ䣬æʩչ˺ϻ֮
ˣֳϳŴĹųЦ
ţֳ۸ߺŬֻҪһƣǱѪϴףֳ׳־Ļû˵꣬ɫһȡһö
ݺֳ۽һ
ôˣ󽫼ֳɫѿ˵һ䡣
ǵԮǵǣңڷƽ·ϣȻ⵽Ҫ²ȻϷعھȹֳɫ˵
ʲôһԮ·ϣԷˣЩɻ
󷨣Щ̫ƻģҪԿǿǡ
˵ˣǻȻ󷵻ؾȹɣȻҪǳˣ˵ܵ𷣣˵˵𷣣ֳͬʱ۽һܺ˵ӣ˿Υ棡
ãһƣҵȲҪսٻȥƽΥնһ£޲ͷ
ֳ̧һ㣬֮ͯ£ǧ֧֣ٿһɫ죬صײһƹ档
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һ죬ԭŤεĴ֣Ȼ䱬ѶΪɢգ״ֳһЦ
һֵסһǵĺϻ֮Ǳ㳷ֳ֮ϵˣƵĽƹ֣
ô£Ϲ˲֮ࣿųϵɫѿСֹһ䡣
Ƿ
˭ڱ˵һͬһʱ䣬Զ󷨵ĸ߳ϴ˸磬ԶƵ󷨵ֳϵˣ߳ɫЩơ
סǺúõأеǣ֪ʯΪҪҷˮǰôȥ߳ҡҡͷ

ڣʯ
ƿɫһ䣬Ԫ˸ǽ
ֻ΢üͷʯһݣЩɫɻ󣬵ȴûʲôǣ
ʱ򣬽ɽոһö΢ЦʯǰʹǱѾźãȫ룬ɽס֮ã
ãһƽ˱ؽЩ˻ȥоսˣʯЦЦ
ʲôЩԮס΢΢һ㶣һȻ֮ɫҲ׷¶ϲһ
ԭˣĻ֮ǿᣬҲṥˣǲСʧԪϹЦ
ಣ
ʱ򣬴ſڳӰǸ߹λһƵĻص˵ϡ
Żüʯѣʼʩչϻ֮úõģΪҪˮǼʩչϻ֮ĴһٶȣȻǻܶɱһЩǵˡ
Żһ߻һ㶣ҲǾɲĿʯ
ԭϹҲˮˣʯѣҪн֮ҲܶһЩˣΪοʼͽڸʱ䣿ΪҸĳ󷨻߻ʵ
λҪʯ΢΢һЦ
ܲдƣǿһˣƵЩƹ֣ʱ䶼òϡŹǷ˵꣬߻Ҳǵ˵ͷ
ʯЦݻһɫӦֳ˵Ļˣǿ֪ΪҪ
˵Ԯڰ·ǹ⵽ʮ·ǻȥԮ˵ĻȻЩˣϾԷڶࡣ
סǶһʱȴǴ´࣬һǿǹҶһЩҲζŻһֱڴ⣬üֳϵĽ̸
֪νʮ·ܹжˣʯ˫ĿһС
ˣʮ·ôˣһ·Ҳǧ˰ɣ߻ɻ
ʯ̾Ϣһ˰֣ҪЩ˾ͺðˣϧ˷¼ͻȻûаôǱ
ֻｨ˲ʮ֮꣬򣬵Ǳ鲼ʮңƽģֻвǧ⻹Ǵȥƽ֮ǰڣ½½ǱΪ˹׼ģȫ¶ˡ
֮ˣֻܹвǧˣ֮˹оǧˣֻеһӶƽ߾߹ػʱ򣬶ǧˡ
ʵǾ·ÿһ·ֻ߰ңҪǱ߹֮˱ɵ߾ط飬֮ڲӦϣ߰ȥºѣ֮սһ㡣
Żɫһʲôǧ˾ȥ˼ܲˣ˷߻ȻˮҲѿǵĵսʵԼۺʵ֮ȻʥҲԶʵ֮ϡ
ϷڳϵӣҲҪǿһЩϷǻɣ˸ߵսۺʵ
ҪǻǬԪ½ʵˣҶǷԪΪǣ٣Ҳƾǳǿսʤࡣ
Ǵ˷ȻͬʵǿĶ֣⣬ʯ˵ȥǧˣ
һƽ˷ֻоǧˣ֮սһ㣬ЩΣգƽ˶пֳ󽱲üųߣǣ
ʯɫһĵ˵ͷԣƽոҳһţûǾʱ򣬸ϽˮӣȻἱҴҵķؾȹȻʱһţǾǧˣΣգ
ĳиʣһͬ齨ΪˣֻǧˣһϾ齨ֽɲͬ
Ҫ˲ţԼˣǮź٣˵仰Ϳƴ齨ɶôԴĸ߽ס
ֻҪ㹻ԴʮͷչôϷͲԴ޷ˣҪ֪жΪԴ̽ջ˵ʵӦ˵İɣ߻ʵ
ʯҡͷЦɽǰɱ֣ó䣬ҴڹһЩϢ֮˽ɽ˲ˣ۵ˡ
ȷǲȱٲԴսΪ֮ǰһֱ̫ܳܳޡ
ʵԲһ㣬ܳϱǲ¼ȡμܳҲӦѵ;УһЩʵֻⲻǧˡ
ԭˣϹˣȷ˱ҪҪϸҪ³ϵӣ˻࣬ȥ滹ѡˣ߻һЦ
ԭˣһЦɽû뵽һˣ֧Ԯţֵƽо´ˡ
ףʯ˰֣Ҫô籩©ˣƽڼһˣǻҪܱΪǲ֪ʵʵ
ԣǿʼֻͣһʱǶ֣ٵȡ棬һ벻ĹЧ
ȻҪǣЩ̫ɢеԭͰƽҲǶʱɵģǴӪˣȻĽˣȥƽҲãͬʱҲΣ
һֱΪʥλ³ϵӵ缸޵Уͬսһ㶼ǣû뵽ˣҵʵǾ֮ˡ
ţô죿ЩˣǾ쳷ߣʧԪϿˮϣֳϵÿһζƵؽƹ֣ϾҪٵнƣڵӡ
ǧֹһǧҲ׵ֵǿϾԷ˶ڣսǲ
ǺǼȻⳡϷҪʵһ㣬ҪǲܲʣǵģԣҪʤ׷ӡ
һȻΪҪסǣƽʮ·Ϊʮ·͹ƽˡ
һֳϵ˵𷣣Ȼսνɽɢ֮Ȯһæ룬ҵں׷ҲܳɱһЩˣôҳǣȴͣӭսȻԳΪʯ΢΢һЦ
úúãȷǵʿ䣬Ȼ٣ʿ߰׷ð취ЦЦ
ˣ棬һɳϣʥڳϵأˣзԪϣǰȥ׷ƽ֮ˣֻҪ׷ҹ߾Ǳ㷵أɽǣǿӽƽʱ֪ͨܳϣ֮ϳ룡ʯɫ
ãҵž͹ȥų֮ǰˮһֱһóʵʵܳ߳ϵ˵˵ͷһ˳ɽǵ˵ͷ
ʱֳϵҲڳ󣬹Ȼϣ˿ûս֮ģҴҵķؾȹ³ˡ
߹λǧˣ֮׷ȥƽ֮Ȼڶ࣬Ǳɽ׼սԳΪһЩˣǱѡ
ˣҲȥϻȿǿôˣ棬ʣµ飬ͽˣʯ˵
ϻȣҪȻʥڳȥɣ˵
أ˷ǰȥֲ˶սǿǿô£˵ǿǴǧ໤ģҲʲôΣաʯ΢Ц
ʯ磬ҲҪȥȻǧֻʯܾĸ磬ҪһȥϻȣСص˵


پʮ 
ݣԫؽ磡
һƬԭ֮ϣһߴʯ
Ǳ֡ϻȣ
ʯ棬һƬһ޼ʵɽȣɫԶҲȻܸоδ֪գ͸¶صϢ
ϻȣǴһյأƽʱǷԪҲóȻ룬ͽףҲΧǻжȻһЩԤΣա
һգԶߺȻһһŮӰ֮ʯϷңԶϻȣ
ȷǿ˶ϻȣüʵԼȻܵأҲûĽϻڶϻڵһˣʱϾʱڡ
ڶϻطǷʲôգʯҲ޷Ԥ⣬˴յأƽʱ˸Ҵ
ǧԪ죬Ҳȥˣ߹ضˣ߹ؼȿ飬ûзԪֵءŮص
ˣȻʯСˣ
˵ĻʵȥĸҲµģϾô˱ҳţҲܴô˵ġʯƲƲ졣
ǣֲõԤУʯ磬һҪһĸ磡Сü塣
İɣȻˣȻҵģֻ˶Ķϻȣ˿Ҳ̫ףǲҪɢҰɣʯɫ
Ƭ̣ʯ˿ԶĶϻȣȻüôо˵صϢЩ仯ϻѵʲô쳣
СӿڵǰǶϻ½ɶ֮ʱвٵӽУֻǻĵ˵ȷͬ
޶˲٣ҾԪ˵ϻȴ˷ʱԱǰǰ˲٣ңرʱҲӳ˽һԭ˵֪ˡ
ŶϻȻʲôΪ֪ı仯ֲϢǰͬˣߣȽȥ˵ʯ˵껰ǶݹһСŶϻڷ˽ȥ
ʯ˵ǶϻڣΧʯ˽һЩΣֻΧʯȷʵûȥΧҲϤ·߶ѡ
ʯСٶȲ죬һ·ŶϻڷȥϻȺܶһ˶˻һ׵ܶΡ
һƬľϿշ֮䣬żȻڽޣ˴ԲϢһţЩɢӡ
߰⸽ת˸飬ҲûпӰʯ˲üͷҵĻȥ޷ĵشҪȥĵش󷽿ˡ
ҪȻҪһֱ룬ֱӵĵشԵΣδ֪˶Щԥ
ʯ磬ĸǽӦû·ģӦֱУϻˣС²⵽
ĸߴǧˣֻˣ룬»ΣգʯüԼֲʲôĿĽ֮ܵðա
ǡСЩԥ
ʯڵҲգȥһطҪûУϻȣ
ðɣСӦһʯһתĳȥأʧ
ʯΪΧûʲôΣյģ·ˣʯ·Ҳҡ
СҪԼߣ϶ѡ·ģҲ֪ͨδʯĿѰʲôطһⲻСвҲûжʡ
ʮʱ䣬˴ƪľԣԽһһƬʯɽһָʯȻͣ
ôʯ磿Сʵ
ǰˣףƺǻ廤ʯɫ
ȻСЩȻʯ֪һȻֱҵǣСܲȵģ
ߣȥʯ˵껰˶ݹһĳȥһṦǰʮϢӰסʯˡ
СʯʱǼ廤۽һŹ廤ȻϤޱȣǿ۰мӣΪСնɱһ󽫡
ʯȻǻ֮ˣȴŲڻΪڵʵǺģ
ɽʯţǼ廤֮УһΪ׵ӹ˵ȻϳʯС
ɽĸģȥСϲ˵
Բκˣɽü
ʲôҵĻҲСһ㶣漴¶֮ɫʯ˼Ŀɽ
빫ɽҲǷ£ϣҪΪҡɽЩΪѵ˵
£ҵĻҪŲھɱ㣿Сһŭ˵
⡭ҷȥҲҪһ֮ǰһֻǶһ䣬ͱʴɽʵڲΥ
ڵĹѾǱȴǰЩֵܣֶΡɽûм˵ȥ˭óǿֶκ˼ʲô
Ȼˣھɱ㣡СŭһƾҪ֣ɽɫ΢䣬ȴҶַ
ȵȣʯ΢΢һЦȻڹʣܸǴ·ǾͲҪΪˣԼң
лʯ⣡ɽʯסСɵ˿
ԼңСɻĿʯ
ߣʯ˵껰СԶַ˹ȥ
ȵȣﲻκ˽ӽһɽʯ˵Ķɵٴν
ôղŷһ㻹Լˣ㲻ȥˣߣȥĸ磬Ѿ񣬹Сȵ
⡭ɽһΪѡ
ǺǣѾչ֮ûСȥͿˣҪͻСøѿǿдȥǿҲ̫ģ㻹ǲҪ̫ĺãʯЦЦ
ĬƬ̣ɽüðɣҪܵ𷣣ʯţλ룬ڹǰԼ䣡
Ȼʯ˵껰ǴСߣɽҡͷ̾Ϣһ¶֮ɫ
ʱʯֱԵСһ»ʱһҪңĻһǾͻɢ
ô棿Сɻ
ȥ˵ʯ˵꣬Сȥһʱ˿˼廤
μ֮£ʯСǻָнǧˣǻ廤ΧһΧȦ
ֵǣΧȦڿտյûסʲôˣСɻʯ¶Ȼ˵ı飡
ĸأСżɽһ䡣
͸¶£УýӽǷԲʮɣɱ⣡ǧ廤Уһɫ
ҵĻҲСʵ
Բ£ǹʵлüĿһʯȻЩɵ
ףǹ£ʯţôҵģʱͳȻԶ˹һɻĿŶˡ
ԭͳ죬ĸƺ⣬ֵĳ˶ϻȣ֮ǰкܶ෴ĵط֮£ҲʯС˵
ԭˣͳΪ˿Զʬ壬Ȼǻ廤ˣ
ǺǣڴѹڴˣҲʯĳ˵ɣѵǲ֪ڳЩԪжǳ͵ĵҩŽ׵ģ
ʯĳҪڵôǻ׼ڰ£׼ڶ֣ʯûпʲô
Ҳңͳɫһ䣺ĳҸʯŰ£ͳҧʯţ£λ룡
գͳǵѡ޷µģǹڴˣҲòʯӣĺôҲҪƽ֣ڲ֪
Сߣʯ޹˼ɵСС֣˵עԽȺɵ˰ΧȦڣһҪͳҡҡͷ˱˿óûԸʯԣ


پʮĻ ׷
֣ôǣĸ磿Сʯһ·ɶ٣·һ䡣
ȻĸҪǣ»ʯ˵һ䡣
ǣĸΪβ˽ȥҾȻҶУСɻ
Ǻǣĸ磬ʺˣʯһһΪƽ̹ĵطľϡ
ʯ磬ʲôطôûĸӰӣЩҶӦˣСʯԼת˰죬ȴûҵǿ
ˣϲϾͿԼĸˣһ᲻Ҫߣʯ˵ŻǽסС֡
ټʯһ䡮ҪԼϴʯƵ¶ȣСȻһ죬Сֱͨͨк˼
Ȼ䣬СֻתܾһģҪֻʯٴδҪǷɢ
ӽţСֻͷһѣΣ˫֮ĺȻܾһ䣬Ȼ֮ǰ֣һƬʯʯɽ
ԶһĽƹ֣ҵعƹ֣ʯϤˣԼİ֮Ҳڽɽõġ
ǡף˶СȻ˫ĿһԶȻǧˣȫǻԪе
ںӮϽĴ£ںŽƹ֣һ﹦ϼϣýƹ΢΢ҡΡ
һó֮ˣԲúõĸƽ֮ڰ׹µĴ£ҵعǽƹ֡
ţôˣȻ䣬ԭգޱǿɫһһ۱ǿʯСˡ
ֻ˿̵ǿɫЩ԰ף㲣˫Ŀ˺Ѫ˿ȥȻĸо
ĸ磬㵽ôˣû°ɣСȦһ죬ǿ㲵ӣЩ漴һǿ˹ȥסǿʳʶ̡
û£㲻õģǿۼĶ㿪С漴ü˵ôģ
ĸ磬ܸоЩףʯ£ǾˣСǿ㿪Լ鼱֮Ҳû̫⡣
ߣҵҲЩһöûСǿƲƲ졣
ǿѣʲôԭ˶ԴãǲЩף٣СΪģǿˣЩҡʯüǿƽʱ̫һ
ǿϢҲЩ죬ֻʯı仯
ŶȻˣҲҰȫˣдǳ£ҲµģǾ߰ɣҪﰭˡǿɫ䵭˵һ䡣
ĸ磬ҡ
סڣٲߣҾߣҪﰭ£ǿһá
ʯü֪ת֮£ǿһɨȥȴһɹϢʯ˫Ŀһ¶ɻ֮ɫ
ҿңǿɫһ
ôĪΪǻ׳Ѿڷˣһ˵ʯĳǹĿ㣡ʯ˼˵
ʲôһĲֵȻǲԸ뿪ĳֻ·ˣǿɫһ
׹£ֳˣ£ǿɫ䵭˵
⡭׹ǿ˿СЩΪ֮ɫǽĿʯϵʱǳһ˿ɵȻĿ־塣
˵ӰҪ˵ԶʮǧңʯڴԶطĹһû˵ʯ
ܱ߷ʮңһ֪ڣһ֪ʯʯ֣ǾʹžԵȨ塣
׹ǰȷʵʯǼʥ֣䷢ʯͷԣǸʵԶͨͬס
ҪǣʯӵԶȻʵҪǿᣬȻ׹ºܲϲҲòϴ˵㣬ϾԪףҪڵĵҩ
ð׹´ΧʯֱһͷĿСȥΧһֱ֮ܰƵ׹붼롣
ôǸΥǿüͷһ˵
Ҳң£ˡֱԣʯǡ׹»û˵꣬۵һ³һѪεɶ
ţ׹صˤ˵棬ɫڣϳһѪðѪʯ֪һɨ۽һ˾Ȼ׵ˣ
ͬһʱ䣬ԭ׹λãһӰһǿȻȭͷϴѪֻǺڹһѪʧ
ǸΥҵĴǻ˭Υҵǿ˫ֱһ¶ŨŨĲмȻ֮ɫ
ĸ磬ʯǻ岻飬ҲӲģҪ־͹ҺˣҪΪʯ磡СЩίϣȻ¶ŭɫ
ԼĸôԸԼСİˣҲǿỹԹޣǿ׼ʯС޷ܵġ
ŶѾͷ翴С˼ߣȻˣһԹŮ°ɣպҲ׼ȥʯ
ƽʱԸѣϾŴţҪȻǴһ˱컹ҪлԼǻ֣ѵŰ׹³𣿡ǿһӻȵ
˵ﻰ˲ðҹʯƣԼ·һЩҲûа취ϾԼǻ֮ˡ
ʱ˺޲뿪λֻͥ뷨ֻ룬һ©Ϳð׹µ³
Ҫ֪׹¿Ϊ˵ǿӳǿλǻºͣĴ󹦳ǿܺԥնɱڳ˸˿
Բ£ʯѣˣ˵Żٶ໤һӵϣʯ˳˹ȥСʱһ䣬ʯǶǿ¶ŨŨɻ֮ɫǿ֮⡣
оâһʯɲĿڵ㲻졭û˵꣬ǿɫ΢ɱһһƮȻ׼Զʯ֣ʯ°仰
ʱһХ˵Ķ
ԭô۵СңһһСɽУû٣ûбƵϷһˣ
Ȼ䣬ԶһХ֮ţ߷һӰ˾ȻͨͽƽģӲԶ˴ġ
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ɫӰٶޱȣģ֮£Ͽգһɫ۷ȥһʮߣ䣬һȻʮ㣬ϲɫ
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ʲôˣòҪ⣡ǿͫһг¶֮ɫŰ׷ߡ
׷ûǿһۣһ㣬ΧƹǻȦ
һȺϣ뿪˵أ·׷߷絭˵ʼûǧˣǽע˽ƹϣƺоʲôû˷
ôĿȻˣ·Ӯϻɱⲣǿһɱĵͺһ䡣
ǣҪ˵ɱʯЩ˲ңɱǰĪߣ˻ûʲôѹģӮһ£ǧ˱֣߳ȥ
ߣ׷ֻһߣȻһɢȥ
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ǴԲ磬ҲɵɫһףһƺߣӮ˫һΣݵĵ߰˲֮࣬һ벻֮ɫ
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ʱӮһɻ֮ˣҲźסԪȻ֪ʲôڸ˿أʲô˼
̷˼ŵҩ֮󣬺Ӯ˫ĿĿ˿⣬˫ĿһգʼϢ
պʯΪСƳ˼˵ҩ֮󣬸СһţǼҴҵ
棬ԪФϣϵһɳϣԼԼӵһųϣǶС
ڳĻи߹λʥϵûڣ
ţ׳ʲô£СѾͷΣеһ䡣
ǿ֣СѾûдţҸ˼ֵҩϢͺˣʯ̾Ϣ
ǿԪüͷһ壺ǿԳҲͰˣȻСǶС۰𣿡
׼ȷ˵ѾǿˣǱһϹ̻긽ˣʯǿӣĿ
ŶôܣǿʵĸߣϴξȻܻ쳤ϣ߸رػʳǣƽ֮ҪӽѣȻܱ̻긽Щɵ
Ҳԭ򣬵ʵˣʯ˫ĿһУ˷ƽսΣ
νǴȫʤǽƽǱĸϳ˴·ϻɶ˲ǵˣνǸǳһڶǼŷؾȹսЦ
Ǿͺã˽ɽ۵ôˣʯʵ
ɽ΢΢һЦʯǰģոսӵϢﳷߵĴֱȥӪЩ·ϵһƽԮˡ
ϲѾϣһƽؾȹˣֻһ磬ұ֪ͨܳѸٳ룬˻صƽǵҲѾȫˣ
ãĲʯ˿һǲҪģ˷һսԿԷϵƣҲѹ֣Ͼ˼ǳӴʱѱ⡣
߻ЦЦʯѣͲҪǫˣ𲻵꣬н״̬Ѿܲˣƽǿ귢չʷѹθԴԪ۳ķԪ߽ס
ڣҩȣʱƵĴԪͣ˶˲߽ס
ֻĳɻҪʱ䣬Ҫѹңܻ۵ʮöԪҪǷʽײַܷԪⲻܽ˷ѵҩ
Ǵǵǰ·ʱСԴѷ˲ţǿԴҲ޷ĸ߽ףձûΪҲԷǿ
һЩ꣬Ϊҩ뵤ԴԴ͵ҩ˶ҩֲҲܳôɣֱƽѹθҩԴҪḻ
ҪûҩȺ͵طҲн죬Ȼڸյѹ˲ţҲ˲СãԴڷû˲ţҲֻܽҩɰ衣
˵ڷչһֵ꣬ƽ췢չǧ꣬ҲòӴҩԴһڳԽƽ죬Ҳֻʱ⣬ʯֺαǫ飿ʲô
߳Բ뵱ʥҲһֱûʲô˲𣬵СʵڲǷϣ㷢չҲ޷
ЩϼһҪ֪ڵĲԴ뵤ҩӦѾʥԽ£֪Щϼһʲô뷨סˣ
˺뵽Դ˷ḻ֮죬ǰʥ˺ô˵ϷҪҲţϾԴģҲѷģǳʶ޷ƵĳʶȴǴˡ
˭ڣֻҪԲͷŷԪֱ޷ţ򣬵ֻŵҩֻѡӣһʧ£Ԫ߽ס
ڣʮ֮һֻһǧԲǵҩԴ㣬һǧȫŷԪ
ʺõķõҩ󲿷ֽףʲʣ٣һ֮һףҲ߰˰ٷԪǱ޷ֲҲŵĲ࣡
ǣЩŹзԪָӼʵĵҩ٣һǧܽٶǶģЩԴѷ˷Ԫһָ֮ûУһǧܽһٶġ
ʲ࣬Լ̵׾鷽ʽ׵ǺǣһǧУʮ˽ףҲ㲻ˣ·ԪԽԽ٣ԽԽѣֱΪ˴񻰣ڹ֮˵Ǳָָ㣡߻ҡͷ
ʯ΢΢һЦνԽԽеԼ˼ȡ۹⿴ˣʼΪ¸ΪαĴһ¾ͱø˺ܶ฻̾òϳ˾ø̶˲ֵǮˣɱԼǸֵǮĸ̣֡ϳ飬ϱȱȽǣ
ڸڹ֮˸оͻȻ˶ԪһߴӲоԭѧϰȡѧϰŵ㣬оȱץŲţԴƷͷֵ
֪Լѧϰ˳ϸоԭ࣬˵ȱ̸ʻ⣬ʱ䲻оԼν
ҪģĤѧϰָָȴ޿κΣȻҪ׹ǵƽ˻ֵѧϰĵطͱι֮ģʽ
ԣΪСҲãΪδҲգҾڽʳǣ׽ǿǿд棬ǰ佫˱ƳǿҲá
˵껰ʯб⣬Ҫʳǣһ˷ֳһμƻٴθдʷĹ켣

ϣƽЩҾѾȫ룬ǻԮѾϣϸϵ˹ڣǻعǵתǹڣٻȥڣ
ƽʳڣԺéһԣѦ칧˵
Ƭ̺éڴ˶ĵԤ֮е飬ǻɡ
ǣܾ̫ˣ˶ˣȻܸһСţǵļƲߣںƻҲʵûԤϵǾȻǿʵѦü
Ǻǣˣ˾Ӫ̳֮սƲҲʵҲգӮ˾ӮˣһΣˣúԩ
㲻õģ˷ȻУҲ˽˶ԷʵһζսһὫǳײңԽ赶ɱҲһ˵󼸸֣һ͸¶һŨŨɱ


پʮŻ ֱʳ
󣬹իڣ
ʯ磬ҲҪȥСɫ΢ף㲵ڴͷϣǰһصʯ
Сǿɲȥ棬һʹؽأعͬˣǱȥˣκпܻᷢͻġ
ʯ̾ϢһȻ˷ĿȥץסǿЩҷֿȻڵƣѹʳǻҲ޷⡣
ǿûֿãֻҲ̫ܣһνʳǵ飬ʯҲǵһʱСйͨϾСļң
Сǵû˿ԣȴ޳ɣֻСֻһҪǾʯŬǿİȫ
ܣֻʣһѣ
СʼռţԻѸ꣡
ʯ磬ʹϾҼңĸ类̻긽ҲҪظΪԣһұȥСᶨ
Ƭ̣ʯ̾Ϣһ˵ͷ
Ǻðɣ׼һ£һ㣡ʯ˵껰С˵ͷʯתȥ´
ţǺʱѾǧԲϣԼʥǧˣǧԲ֮ˣϺӮϽǧˣӦ㹻ƽʹǧˡʯ΢Ц˵
ؽأʯת׿˿ӮڳзȨϤʹˣĪںӮˡ
ǺǣӮһЦȻ˷ֻȥǧԪɲôλ֪һֱʵڣֻҪ룬ʱɨ塣
ʹȻõ󷨽أӲܻڴһЩˣĽȴ޷ı䣬Ǳǻսܡ
ϷڣһὫ˫ʧͣϾϷϤĲãǣ²µķҲ̫ܡ
ȻϽ˵ˣҲûʲôɻˣ˷ĶǴԲڣ˸Ӧò̫󡣡ԪЦЦ
λʲôʯһȦ˽΢Цڴ˷壬ʾѹ
ʯ磡СȻ˴ſڣڵС飡
ģһ취磬ҳɣʯһСƺƵ뿪ڣŴȥ
һǧˣֻǰϽǷԪ֮ˣڴҲΪ׳ۣ·Ȼ̸ЦҲҴ⣬Ͼ岼õĽأи߳ƽ·һԷսҲˡ
Сվڼװϣץ½ǣɫ㲣Ų԰׵촽һԲĿԶҲ֪ʲô
СõģʯСߣС磬Ӧһ

ݣ
˵ǱһݣĻʳ֮⣬ֱܷǳأֻֻפŲһԪ
⻹ǿǰɱפǰԪ޼
ʯ˴ѹ·֮ʱû뵽ǣȻѴȫǻܵڴ˵ʯˡ
ûƣȲǣһʮӣŰԪڣںһǧЩԪϾҲС
ϷӮ·Ӯȵ
ؽû뵽㾹Ȼѹ֮£ĳսɳҲͬۡ˫Ŀһ
СȻ֣ÿɣǲǽʳǣĸ类̻긽ԣȥˣҪʯ빥壬Ҳ޼¡
ʲôɫһ䣺ŹԵ棿
ѵΪһԼļңСһĬҪĸ类ʦڣСͻÿ·ⷢˡ
⡭˼Ƭ̣üĻĳҲҪȥ˵ĳսҲҪǡ
㣡С˵ͷ
λ룡νĻ漴һ֣ÿ·ԼŰԪʯͬУ
һ·쳣û˿˳˻ʳǽ£ֱӵ˻ʹſڣ
Ǻǣؽɸĳ㵱ȷɣһ·кνƣϷƣ߻кһӮ˵ͷ
ƿţӮһ£ǧ˷׷׳ֹֺֻʳǴűǺȻһ˿
ôףһ˫ĿһУоЩϷˣҲû룬ǺӮ˽㡣
壡Ӯһ£ǧ˱ǵȷ棬óϴһǧһ˽ȥţųϴʥ֮ˣ֮ˣŻʳǴڳ˽ȥ˽
ʯСаʥ֮˱ʳǣⲻƬ̺˱΢΢һ㶡
ʳ֮УȻտյӰûֽҲ˲ٿأһ·˹ǽ󷨽Ƶ
ʹӴҪǿкԶһξ룬ǰ·ʯں档
Сչ򣬵˽Χ֮ʯСǰ߻ӮԼ߹λ
֣ȻһûӣӦü֮ˡ߻ɻ
Ŷٺ٣ӣǿ׼һˣֻϧŻһ
᲻ȦףǿȻ󷴰ΧǰɣЩǵ˵
Ǻǣ뷨УǷȱϸģŻ壬ı°ΧǣȻΪ˱ҷ̫࣬һǽãŻɫһ˵
ǿѣӦýĲŶԣȻ׼棬ȳΣʯɫһ˵
ԣС˫ĿһŴſڣԺнһӰĳ֡
ĸ磬СɷһСҲһ
ãҲûκʯֽ˼ΣȻû˴Ӧڳһ¶ɻ֮ɫ
ǿ«ʲôҩȻˣʯţɣŻͷĵ
Ƭ̣ʯ˵ͷ
׼ýҪɱˣǿֻܻ׽Ҫ˺ʯ˵꣬ӦһǷ׷׼﹦׼ʹ
ȵȣʱʹĴһ¶ӰмǧԪԪϾҲȫС
Ϊ֮ˣʯϤղŽסֵģҲǴˣ
ͳ죿ʯǰʱ򣬴˻չԼ˶Դ˵ӡ󻹲ҪսһΪһ˶ֹͣս
ʱ򣬳ϵһĻˣ
ﳼΣŹ£ͨһͳȻ˴ſڣţҲڴڹ
ﳼǱڹߣѰһʻѻȴʻصʳǺȡ߼ƷҹȻ뿪˻ʳǣҲûлѾȫޣ
⼸һճǣʲڣڽʿĵֵԶ֮УϷȰ˵£Ը⹧ӭŹǻҴɽ
ԸӭŹǻҴɽͳ˵꣬źķʦڵʯЩ


߰ٻ չ
λһŮ֮ܵȼɽС˵Ļҡҡͷ
ŹģҵЭֹ֧ǻʯ֧֣ûбȾŹʺϵѡˣͳ˵
ɣСüλĸģĸ磬һڻģ
ŻȻ̻긽һƲлڣĥҲ飬СѾͷͱʲôˣҿŴ͸ñձˡ
һܺ϶ΪһΪһңǿָտɴȻ˫һн٣ѴﵽŽһĵЧ磬˹ĸŹˡ
Ż˵꣬źӦǻ֮ȴɫһ䣬СҲֻüʯڵû˵
£ǰӦúףʱܷعδ֪ϣãһң£ϣ⣬ҪȵҸٺĪͳ찧
ԣӮҲ˵ͷ£ͳ˵Ĳȹʰȫأһڼڣܲûиġ
ңĵŹӦԣܵǻͺãȹʷأҵȷǹʱ˵Ļٽλóȥɺã
⡭С˼ҲóĴңԵεġ
޷ϳȫ°˼ɣʹһ飬ҵȴӮ˵꣬ͳҲ˵ͷ
ĬãСת׿˿ʯ
ʯ磬أСһ䡣
Ǻǣڲ飬СԼͺãģʯ綼֧㣡ʯ΢΢һЦ
Сü𣬵ȷԼҲǿصϣ󣬵ΪˣСʼձһ˿룬ǿû¡
ֻų˵ǷҲȷЩ壬ȷӰڵķչûڵȫ֧֣Ҳ»岻ܳԶչ
˫֮£СȴΪԼҪ˵άԼĻ壬ҲԹԡ
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ĹС˫ĿЩȣ·һ̣С׵ĳˣûˣԼҲʯ
ˣҪɳģ
ãȻؽͳ֧СҲͲٿʲôĸûʱ䣬ƹңһĸ簲ȫع飬ұóλСɫһ
úúãڱסˣͳһϲӮͬ˼Сǻ޷Ǿ뱣ס
ֻСǻܱ֤ڹ򣬷Ļ½ҪһҲǺӮͳ죬ΪԼΨһܹΪȻˡ
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·ģҵһȫ֤ƽȷչͬ˵
ƽȷչСɫһĸİҵԶԶƽȷչҪǿ⿿ǵԣ׼ʦʯЭǣͬӷʢĴ
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ԣӮͳĬһȷһҿСӴڣʼ޷ãȻڲִ壬Сı䶯Ǳס˴죬Ҳ׸
ʯ磬磬ʦֶʱҴɣôСʵ
ʯü漴ЦЦСˣһȫ֧֣
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¶ɬԼδŽӰˣŹϤƹһң仹Ҫչ˷ˣоѹĴ
ʲôʯһ䡣
ĸа㷴ԣ
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ʯ˿ˣڵˣԭ·أ˵꣬ʯݹһ𣬴뿪ʹڷ˹ȥ
صźʯǱչϢ˼죡
һºʯһЩҪμСǻ䣡
Ѿ֪ͨСǻ䣬ν¡ԶǿǻʱҪ䶯һŮ޵ǻĴǽȣϺ
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ϸİԼͳ죬кӮϽҲڶʱϤ˹³̣˻ʳ֮·
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ĽһЩ˳ҪְλһЩ֮ˣһĸȻǻ֮ˣ޲Ƕм㣬Ĺ˵仰˸ΨǴӡ
νһһһسȨڻʹҲԼȻûдڵˣǣȴƹ壡
Ҳ˲Сı仯
˿̵ڣںյӣһЩֻϼѣŻᱻ£һЩƽƽϵȵˣᱻȥ壬һʿ
һȻȴԽԽǿҴ߹ҲǸɭϣ뾳ͨ뺣Խֹڡ
ңĴȴǷκ˲ڣҲ֪ڸʲô
壬޴ˣǷˣѸߵĲũ򣬻ǸճӤᱻΪŵӣǻ已˱
ŵÿ궼нͷţÿ궼лٺ»ãʱ䣬ˣȻˣǽֱһС̯ǻ֮ˣŵӡ
ֻҲһأǾ˲˵£ƽʱµʱϼ浽ÿһֵÿһһСͷĿСͷĿ֮ϣ쵼
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߰һ 鷳
󣬴
գ΢ḧڣ͸¶һƬ͵գ
ʯһԣ·ڸλϣԼʥһЩ
ʦֽճأΪЩϲˣϿʯ棬Ҳ΢Ц
ǺǣξҲԿԽԪżҲ֪棬ʲô磡ʯü
Ŷһ磬иߵľ𣿡濴˿ʯЩɻ˵
ӦУʯ˿߻ʵ߳ϣųϣʥǧ꣬ԶЩ´ʱ䳤ǿ֪ʲôΪ
⡭߳ϻҡͷЦʵϷԵš
ǺǣĳҲûмţͬһЩûһЩ£ֻԼһϵĳϣҲϵĳϡ
һɳϣϣżţʲôΪǾ͸֪ˣϾ˶ûûˡŻҲҡͷЦ
ŶλΪʥϣȻŶûʯü
ĳʯѵһμ潻̸˵Ī˵ţʥЩһĳϣܶĳû
ֻ֪ʥôˣһֱڱչأǻǶ֪Ͼʥϸֲô˶չصһǣûش¼ء߻˵
ô֪ʳʥ飿ʯǣŵòΣԼǲۣȴЩ˶ûʥš
ʯ˵Цץһ³ϣжپ֪Ͼݵ΢˽߲顣
߾ⳤûмһɳϣûʯţʯŵĹ¼ССԪϾӣҲ˵һЩЩˣһûҲ֪¼߻͵
⵹ҲǣŻѾԽ˷Ԫʯ˿Զ˵
ʲôؼ䵱гԽԪڣʲô磿˫Ŀһ
ĪʯѼţ߻ɲʵ
֮ǰڶϻȣˣȻʲô磬ǷԪԲǰҲ޵ֿ֮һгϣһгƺΪϹʯ
ʲôϣǲǺڷ̵ĽϹﲻǳչ𣿲ܵвһ㲻صģ߻Щ
ŶϹȻǺڷ˵ϹӦþʥĹˣҲֻˣܶƽɫ˰ɣʯ°ͣоһ
ڶϻڷϣеˣôͬʱССĴϻأŻҲɻ
ʯͷϲӦڿ˷ͨʥٴλãһ·鵽˴Χ
ɸ϶ϻ½ɶϻϢ쳣˷һЩ֮Ծһ·׷Ѱ˶ϻȣҪ꣬Ҳֶᷢϻ쳣Ͼ½Ҳɶáʯ͵
ͬʱϻصܲСҲǡɶϻ½ɶܷϢûȴû˿֣˵ʵ֮ϡŻ˵
ǵ˶ϻȸҲûʲô⣬ֻһˣֵĻҪ硣ʯص
Ȼ˱ϻ緢֣ǲ˵ʵԽ̫øպãڶϻȸǻз֣˭߻ʵ
Ǹˣǿʯ˫ĿһУ˵Ǳ̻긽ǿƺģ˵棬硣
磿ģʵǿӦ˶ϻ쳣ǡɷֵģϾһ֮ʣռ˸ϽıˣŻ˵
Ͳˣ˵ʵӦҲڷԪ֮ϣûǿţҵҲĶ֡
ʵ»ûȫָʱֶԸҪǿЩѣûشģҲͲæӵˡʯ
˵ǵܵǿķشҴҵӵصʹȡ߼Ʒǻٽ壬δ£ǰӵ
˿ڴ˿¶һҲĵط͵͵رչصϢٳصĻͻʵָǸʱǿҲͳʧˣ߻
пܡʯ˵ʦܣתΣУǱôˣĻðɣ
ʦ֣ŵ飬ͲصˣһˣǶŵӣԼˡ
ЩڵˣҲǻģ̽ʲôϢĻٺ٣Щŵӱ֪ͨǵͷĿ
ǵͷĿֻ֪ͨϼǣ˵˼ֻӬӲǵӴϢ磬ֻÿǷŵٺ»ЩӴ󡣡Це˵
ʲô֧ԺܲеϢǮƵ飿ʯƲƲ졣
⵹ҲǣСӾ͸Ƿˣ߷׷ϹƷǰѸĻߣŪķЦЦ
ʯҲЦЦĹģʽҲѧϰܽᾭƽҪ˵ʯȻɫһ
һ֮£ʯȡһöŷ
ãǰϢǱ鷳ҹȥһ¡ʯɫһæŷЩӣ


߰ ƹ
鷳˫ĿһУҪҪҲȥ
ڳˣ˽ɽ֮⣬¾ֻ밢ϤˣҰ⺢ӱȽϹɶ£ͷԻʱط绹Ҫǿ
ʯҲû䵱ͽǵԼĵһԴҪǰ赱ְطΪʦʯڿҲʯĵˡ
ˣλţֵݺͽʱڣҪλĵط٣ֻŷϣģټʮ£Լһλó֮ϼɣʯһ䡣
ôһгȥ͸͸ĻᣬǷϹųϿǺþûȥתתˡ߻ƲƲ죬һ˵
ĳ裬ȲϳϣŻҪչӣʵ˲ţĳϲųϣԣֻһˣ͵Ц
ߣϹ˵ϼһȻϲˣ˵һսĳ̾磬ҲգȥʯѣҲܷġŻ˵
ڣȻභ죬ʯȴЦеĿҲӻһͥҪ˲ܳɳŽᣬ¶˿¾ͻ⡣
ʯǰǺʱɽö˵˷ȻҪʯһ뿪ġ
Ϣһն㽫Ҳһ£ʯ˵꣬ɽ˵ͷһ֮ʯǻصϢ
һҹ޻
ڶһ磬ʯ뽪ɽϷģʮʵǿ£һҶ꣬ɽǰ
߳ϿźҶСҶ˷ǰȥĪҪϷ棬Щ֮Уǿˣʲô飬ҪСĽ
߳ϷģҶԵСľ󷨣ţ
ðɡҲ·Сģ߳˵꣬Լһ£ųϣϣԼų뷽Щʥ֮ˣһ㶣
ʯһЦȴû˵
ҶȴһůҪ֪ЩʥϣƽǾǸ߸ϵĴڣµһЩʲô飬Ǿǰ
˵ϲ⣬ǣŵǷɣʥ˴ӵͽµУһֱϵλãһһ߹ģν֮еҲϰˡ
˷߳Ȼֻһ򵥵˵ҲҪ·СġúҶп֪࣬ʱʼʥ˵ԺƺҲɣ˸飬ѪĴڡ
Ҫǰʥɾû˵ˣ
ô£ϹŴˣҶ˸飬òѪˣϹһЦ
ɣǰ״̬ΪƲڲŷָ֣оȻȻ¶ģǰڱʥָо߳ҲЩ⡣
δһ£ҶѪˣһ룬ŽụΪĳ˵˽¡ʯ΢ЦĿ˿ˡ
߳ϣŲҲЦЦ
ʦ֣·Сģ΢Ц
ʯһСģФϣϵˣҲ׷к
ҷģֻҪﰲٺãұ£ʯЦЦ
ʦ֣ĸ粻֪ʲôʱ֣ҾȲȥˣ·ϱأССȻĿʯЩӡ
СİɣѾԸңֻҪҵĸ磬һҪץģиλ취ܲܰĸȹʯп˵
СӦһ㲻˵Դǿʧ֮СЩĬԣǰʯ
ֻ֣ÿһضˣҲûҵǿ䡣
ˣλȥɣɽϣ߰ɣʯ˴˸к漴кһ˱Զɶݶȥ
һ·ʮˣûɵֱӷɵڵ򣬶ֱ̣ôֱ֮Ӵ͵ĳ֮С
ʱ䣬ʯ˱ǴǬԪ½벿ǬԪ½벿ǹ뿪֮ʯˣֱȥ
ʯѣǲǹôֱôȥһ䣬һ𴳹ƽҲǼϤ
ʯ˫ĿһУĿǰֻ޽벿ǹĴ޽֮УǹĴҲûڽͨ
̣ҲǸտãϾ޽Ḷ́ԶȿҪ޴ö࣬Զ󡣡
ԭˣǾ밢ǣмľ룿һ䡣
뿪ǹ֮һ·ᾭԹС֮ĹҽƹǣĿǰ⸡ƹʯ͵
Ŷ˵Ҫңûʱ޷ϵˣĿڵ
⵹òϣ⼸ҳ˴ԹԴҵһ㣬ǵٶȣɶ֮£ӦþͿԸϵƹˡʯ˵
ʯǰǰɽɻ
ǺǣǵûУֻǰ⺢ϸģ֮ǰѾŵ飬Ҵ֪ͨһ飬ȻһЩϸڣҪ˽ģʯЦЦ
ʯѵ裬Ȼûʱҵĺģ뿴Сӵкι֮ϲЦЦ
ôӣֻܿϧҶûʯƲƲ졣
ʲôѵ̤ڰʦ֮㣿Щˡ
ǣȥΪͽ趼Ը⣬ȴһӵ£Ҳط硣ʯεЦЦ
⡭ط˾Ӫ֮Ϸҵûкι֮Ȼ˵˴飬Ϊλڴ淸Ϳϸǲ⡣
ٺ٣Ϊǰط磬ط縷Ĺ¶Ϊܾã縸ӣʦͽ꣡ɽҲ˽˵顣
ԭˣⰢ費Ϊ˻һǸظ齲ĺӣֲϲϵ˵˵ЦЦ·Ҳ÷ơ
ºʮɵش߾˸ƹ򣬷ִ˴ҵȷЩͬϾƯŵɫƶ䣬ǱѪȾ죬ֺǱɽϦ˺ױ
Ķ࣬ҫЩ죬øƹ˼ɫʣ
ǸƹȻЩ˼ϵ˿˿գЩ˵
һ·֮£˶Ƴǣѯ֮£ʮҵ˶Ƴڵһ̡
ʦɽѣǿˣϣܵѣ룡ط˸һݣǿ˵żһĴ
аʥ֮ˣԼ߼ҲһٶˣЩ˻ǰ鷳ˣǼأʯ˷׷
طɫһˣʦٸƵҩʦչ˰裬һһɲĵˡ
ҲЩ⣬뽫Էһ򾡣û뵽ȴ˶ԷȦףٶʥ֮˼һȻҲܶӣðش


߰ 
ʲôٶʥ֮ˣȻҲܶӣðˣڸҴŵʱ򣬲˵ûʲô𣿡ʯطĻɵһ
ǺӣҪܵԼڽ⣬ǲ֪ͨʦ鷳ģԴ˷Ҳ˵ķ絭ᣬʦġ
ڶԷ·ڻûԷӦòС˷ɳ˽ǧˣΧٶˣ֮УűǴĴܶӡ
Ҫϵǿ֣ƴųܷ֮ƿǺֱ룬ˣ˷Ϊ˾Ȱ裬ҲܵһЩƣط署
Է·ûǰʲôңʯʵ
԰ƷԸֻб۸ʲôңǰܵٶΧʮɽ
ԭΪ·ٲƣ跢˸٣Ȧף׼һ򾡣˳ʵʲô·û뵽ԼΧط˵
ͻĹǽһΣ·٣˼ƻ꣬Էͨ·ô򵥣ֻͻȻĳĵˣȷЩ鷳ˣִȥ裡ʯ̾һ
ðɣʦ룬λ룡ط˵꣬ƿţʯһ侲ңϥڴϣɫ԰ײѣһϢҲЩ鸡
ʦүôˣȻ˫ĿЩЦЦ׼´ӭӡ
ˣͱˣûˣʯһԱ߷ס˰裬û
λСֵܾǰ裿ѽȻһ˲ţһ·ϣʦүûٿ佱㣬ʦطҲߣϹһЦ˵
һ£λǷϣһģǰ衣ʯ˽һһ
λǰˣֻһСЦ
ãȸ㿴ƣʯ˵֪꣬һŶϸϸļƬ̣˿
ãȻƽأδ˸ԺҽֵƼŵҩúϢһʱ޴ˡʯЦЦ
лʦү迪ڵ
˰裬طʱж̣ǬԪ½ϤһЩ֪Ըǵʲôͷʯһ䡣
⣬ʦҲ˲ˣҲûʲôͷü
˷лɵˣʯһ䡣
⡭˼Ƭ̣һЩڣһЩ̣һˡġ
˺ʵֻǴûӲһֱþӪ֮սȻûκγͻұϺãҪ˵ɣֻܻˡ
ˣʯüͷһ壬Щɻ֮ɫ
ˣ˵ˣ֮ǰҲе㻳ɣֻûʲô֤ݣط˫ĿһУ¶֮ɫ
Ŷʲôɵĵطʯɻ
ǸˣǬԪ½벿漰ȹ㣬ȻǰǬԪ½вû̫࣬ĵطûȥҸо벿ˣӦˣط翪ڵ
ʯɫһ˼ǣȻûʲô֤ݣǣˣ֮ǰƽһǵʵҵԼװǵˣ
ǣȻû֤ݣһֱ˻ɣط˵
ܣƽ죬ռǬԪ½벿ҵУռǬԪ½벿λãҵ˹ͬвչ
ֻ˻ûнӣ㱻ͻ𣬶ƽ죬У񶫲ӽЩңѾƿƽĸڣ޷ǰ̡
λãиˣǿƶƽʹͬĹģ鲼벿Ҫ벿ƽҲ̫ˣȻ⵽еĴʯɫ
ʦʦүƶϣǿ˵ˣҲԼİװǽôʵ
ʲôǰӽĵطһȦȥԵĹƽһкЦǺǵ˵
ʯü˼Ʋ˷ǲһˣǿֱһ̽һ
̽һһûмԪ̽طɻ
ٺ٣ƽͬһԱ֪һҪ˫սĻ̫ЩԲʯ˵꣬΢΢˵ͷֻǲʯʲô㣡


߰Ļ еİ
֮ʯȥϣ˷Ҫƴ˷ɵĴۣ˻
ʯӣִֵ԰ϿЩָƣǷȱҩʯϾУ
ڴ˵Ϣ죬ʯŷϣģԼҶط磬ɽˣ뿪ˣһ·ֱȥ
ƹΪݣǸƳǣҲǻʳǣĸ򣬸һƳǣʯڳǳأǶƳǡ
ƳǱȽϷ֣ʯ˻һʱң˶Ƴĳֵͣǰһ̣װɺӡĸλεĴ̣֡
ֻɨԼֱۣӽ̡
λǰ֪ҪʲôһƿʯȲæǰͿ˵һ䡣
ƹڣʯĳЩҪ̸̸ʯ΢Ц˵
λԵȣһ㶣漴ػظһ䣬ȻתĳȣаڷһЩƷʯĿۡ
һЩϣǱߺټлҲŪһЩȥʯ΢Цط˵ͷ
ģԼҶ뽪ɽʱ̾ܣϾǵ񣬾Ǳʯط硣
һṦ򣬺߳һλԼʮӣһۣоһǾˡ
ϷϷ֪λкҪ֮΢΢һЦ
˵ˣЩϷʯֱ˵˵
ŶˣֲλЩ죬ǺǣλϷһ㶣оâһ˼漴˵˿طЩ죬ȴûʲôɫ
Ƭ̺󣬼һ侲ڣСǽϹһЩСڼǽϣһɽˮʮ㡣
ʯɽˮʱһ˿ɫһȴûж˵ʲô˷׷
λ˷̣֪кָ̣ʲô⣿΢Ц
ʯĳֻʣˣǲǴôˣ׼迪սʯ˵꣬ϷסطҲһ¡
Ҫ֪֮ǰʯ˵սģ֪˷Ϊ˵ִư
λƺЩᣬҲˣĸԪǼ˶򲻹ǵˣĳЩͿˡϷ˫Ŀâһ漴һЦ˵
ʯĳɲǿЦģǲһ֮ҽ̸ʯĳݵģȻװһ֧භ
ʯĳҲף˵Ὣ̣ȫ̵ĻᶼûСʯɫһ塣
ʲôϷɫһٴ¶ЦݣλҪ£Ҳ޻˵ûʵ㲻ῴɣ
ǺǣǲײĲˣҲãϲҲʯĳأϲ
һὫ̲пҲҪѲСĳɱɣʱ̸սǺͣҲҪͲʯЦЦ
⡭۽һĿ˿Ƿɽˮ
Ȼ޷ʯĳȸˣ죬̽ԻᵴȻ޴棬ҵģ죬Ҿ͸̣µ䣡ʯ˵꣬ƾҪ֡
ס֣Ȼ䣬滭ɽˮǽһŤƬ̺һŻۣòӢֶ
סɽɫһû뵽ǽں澹ȻǸң֮ǰʱȻһûз֣Ҷ뷽ϣ¶һȻ֮ɫ
֮Уһ֮ϣɫȻĿʯˣɢȵϢһ֪ͨĴԲڡ
λγƺ꿴˿ʯ
ʯǣʯЦЦ
īƣ֪ʯѴ˷ǰǴ˭̸ԳīƵӣ䵭ĿʯڳԲīҲû˿ɫ
ʯĳȻˡʯЦЦ
Ǻǣһˣ»ûʸ̸аɣīЦһ
ŶīƵܴˣʯһ䡣
īĳȻԴˣȻȻʯѴ˵ûзʯǴԼ˵Щġīһ
֪ʯĳʯ˫ĿһУҲһСȻ㿴Է٣Ͼڱ˵ĵ̡
ҪǣԷȻϳԼ
ţ˵ĴɽڷЩϵīĳܲʶģѾڴ˹ʱˣīЦЦ
ʯһƺԼռ˱
ŶȻ˽飬һ˻ҶǶ֣ζˣ˵Ļǲûʲô̸ˣʯü
ǵǣī΢΢һЦ˶֣ҲȲѡ
ȲѣʯĳʾɨУǲҲ˵Ȳѣʯһ
īüͷһ壬ʯѣ˽Ϊ˾棬սȴǾ˭
вúúõأҪ⵽ƷĴڸģȻͬʱ̿˵ĵ̡
ĻҵҪżˣڸ̣Ƕ˷룿
ʯ˳ǵķ룬Щ棿ɱЩкܲϾǰǱƵһ̶ˡ
̣ǾҪþӪָ֮£ǲЩˣʯһԼľӪܴ֮½κһ
ߣʯѣǰҲԣǿأֻ棡īЦ
ŶʯĳûʲôΪɣ˺ʱģִӺ˵𣿡ʯȻʲôҲŰط磬ǹ䣬С
ǽأߣʯѣƽĵ̣гԷĵطǴѹ̿߸ҪԾӪ֮ѹȫա
ʯѣԼľӪ֮ҵл·ʣ㲻ǻܲ·ܲƴˣīɫһ˵
ԣʯüͷһ壬طҲ¶˼֮ɫȷҵộҪԼչ׳ǾҪúܶʧҵգ跢չĵȷѸͣЩ飬ȴǲΪȻ
״īƼһ죬˳һλӪ֮˲ţѹȥ½вǵĵ̣̽ûл·ǻ᲻
ЦǣŲзطʣʯѵİ벻أõīĳ˵̫
ֻԼʵʲôѹȵкθܲİԼǬԪ½֮ϵ̽Уȴ˲֪˲ƴ½ˣƽˡ
ʵͲأ⵹ҲĴͳʯһвڷԣҲԻᷴףƴһսƽҲ跢ѣ


߰ ɽ
ʯĬã˼ī˵Ļ
ȷԴӴڴ֧֣δɵ壬ֻ׳Լ֮Уڱлһֿ
Ҳһֱ̫ƽȻѹȥ˼Էܲģ
ʯȻҲаҵ룬ȴǿֶΣȻûͳһ½̽磬ǹӴĿȴǴ´ࡣ
ǶԷԼģʯȻЭҲһ˼վʯͲü˼ҷˡ
ȻⲢζʯͳһ½̽ԸֻֻݻһˣԷͬԼԼܸԷôͳһ½˽롣
ˣʯҲΪԼûȥƽ죬ƽʦڵԼīԣϾǵķ룬˼ܲŭģ
ȻˣʯʱŻŲҲĽͳһ½ˣ
뵽ʯ΢΢һЦīƵһϯȴʯĳ˺֮ܶ࣬ûп̫࣬Ӱ̽簲Σƽȣʯĳðʧˡ
ԣ΢΢һ㶣طȴ˼ĵ˵ͷ
īҲһ£֮ǰʯǿӲǷӣܲģ
ʯ˵ﻰԶǿߵĽŲΪǿ룬ÿһǿһߵɹҲס
һһ赲Լ˶ܵɨԼ׾ȻͬԷ˯һƽӲԼж磬ֻŬԼ룬ǿߡ
Щηηǻ鷳ܶ޷ĵֿ֣һ޷ĴöְԵԼԹ;ߣûߡ
ˣǿʳ޺û֣֮һĳ߱ǿߣ·ܸӲѪȣԼ۹ǿߣīĳһߣеȷھӪ֮裬Ƕĵӣ˵
ʯѲǿߣĽŲīĳ⣬ֻΪƶ֮ˣīĳ޷нֻ̲ܷԣʯҲҪ黳ֻ֤һǿߣīƳԤϵĿ޵
ƶˣĪīƵѡʯ˫ĿһС
īƣƶ֮ˣī΢΢һЦ
Ŷ㾹ҳǶ㲻ʯ΢΢һЦ
ͬĻīĳҲʸ£ʯѾҳҪ֪еĵ̣īƺˬһЦ
ʯĳˡʯҲЦЦ
Ӧ˵ո˵ʯѵǿƽһأǿƽĹ󹥻ƽϳʵīĳīƳ޵
ǵĶ̬˽⣬εˡʯ˫Ŀ΢еĿ˿īơ
ٺ٣ͽˣҲˣīĳɲ㲻ط밢Ǿ⸡ƹīĳʯˣȻ⸡ƹֱֻ̽ʵҵϣīƾȻʯжһЩ⡣
ʯɫһ壺Ǵʯĳĵӣʯĳ̸Ц˵꣬ʯ˫ĿһĶīơ
ԣīɫһѹʳ߸˸ҵ̣ʧ޴ʯѲһǰ̸Ц
ʯһоīƴ˵ȷ򵥣Էƺ⶯£ʯҲԷƴ
īƵѵ˼ʯĳʯɫƽһ䡣
ҵȲԺܹͣӮī˵
ŶԣʯЦЦ㲻赲̵ĽŲǰԺ͵ĳɣ
ʯ˵Цˣҵ˼ǣӴ˾ˮˮƽ죬裬£ռʯռвϹռ춫ôīɫ
ʯԥƬ̣īƵѵ˼Ҫ赲ʯĳİҵ·ˣ
ѵʯѵĲ·ǽ˷Ļϣǲڷԣʯܰ⣿ī˫ĿһУԭƿľڣٴγһҩζ
һʯ˵
ˣīһ䣬ɻĿ˿ʯ
˵ģӴоˮˮ⸡ƹΪ߽磬ǾԲὨ̣ʯ˵
ʲôīƿ˿ʯ˵һʯ˰벽ûģҪԼܻܽãܲˣҲһսˡ
ҽǬԪ½ǮׯģҾԲᾭӪϱӰ⣬Σʯʵ
⡭ī˫ĿһУ˼ãʵȷ»ֻĿǰӪһ洢Ǯׯϣʱ򱻷˵̲ܽϣīĳǾԲŵģ
Υ֮ˣīƵѿڱǣʯĳԻϳͣҽһȫˣΣʯЦ
īüͷһ壬ãʯѾòҪԼӦ»ῪսһǮׯԼûʲôӰ죬ҲǴǮⱾ⣬īƱΪСĵ˵ͷ
ԣīĳиɻ󣬾˵֮ʱʽ𲢲㣬취Ǯׯʣǵʽꡣ
ȴ˱񣬻ҪϢ֪ʯΪżȡһЩǮׯҲ벻ɣī̽Եʵ
ǺǣīƵѾͲòˣӦ֪ڣսʽ񣬿ź󣡡ʯ΢΢һЦĿǰǮׯʲôʯֻҪ¢½Ǯׯ֮Ըıԣ½ԴΣ
ãȻʯ˱֤īĳ޻˵ĴţǮׯ򿪣īЦ
ãӭԺīƵȥǮׯȡֻʱҪЩϢģʯЦЦ
īƺʲôЦһ㣬ЦʯѷģгȻ˵ж洢㿪̣δսҲòȥ˵
ʵڻЩнȡҲѧϰȡһЩϢֻд洢ḻÿǮׯǮȡ˵
īĳҲ⣬ϾģϻҪ֧ӴԼ裬׶ʱҪ
ھսȷҪٵ񣬵ʯҪнȡұ֤ǵϢҪһЩٺ٣īƹһЦ
ãȻˣǺ죬Ժ˵Ҫгʱ򡣡ʯһ¶Цݡ
ãʯҲԼī˵
һīƵѣǣʯ˵꣬ż뿪̣ãˣ淵أһĿīơ
ϣΪ״Ӧǵ̿ǮׯȻûϵӰ죬ǶЩӰɣ᲻öǿЦǻǴһϾʵҲο֧ǣ˵
ī˫ĿһУصΪҲ뿪սߣҪ֧ǵĺҲ֧裬ΪһǵǮׯƽԼǲ࣬ܲҲսʤ
ֻƽˣϣǲҪ䣬սϾ֧ǵĺ֧ǵͬǵ֧裬䶯ֻֽҪԸ裬Ǳ֮ǿɲܱϹǹʹٺ٣


߰ Ҵ
ʯѣǴ˷ǰľͷ˽˵Ļ᣿ȥܲ飬ϴζԸƽһҲסǣص֮󣬷Ϻ˵
ʯǰҲΪǿһսɽ֣ص˵
ʯЦЦһսҲǲԣȻҲûо⣬һսȴû˿壬ΪҲһսʲôʤ㣬ǶԴսбʤİգ
⡭üʯ˵ܿսֻ˵ʲôҪ˵Եʤ㣬Ϸǲұ֤
Ȼˣֺα˲ƣʯɫѾīƴɽףԺҲٳʲôˣҲԻȥˡ
ֻϧ˴Ӵƽȣٲʲôŵˡط̾Ϣһ
ûʲôҲ޷УȺͰйңǮׯǵòҪӪϱʯһ䡣
ʦҲī˵ĲڲȱǮڼǮׯѰ˱˵ҪϢ׬ģȡ̫١ط絣ǵ˵
޷ûпʼչϷλȡ񣿷ģǮׯԺдã֮¡ʯһ˵ЩζãͨͽĻս
ʦǴͻȥˣطһ䣬᲻ӡ
Ŷ˷ȥҲҪúñչһȻûеҩҲ֪ϻʲô磬׼һ£粻Ƭ½ϣȻǿߡʯԴϹԼ֮󣬱Ǿѹ
ǿ̻긽󣬶Լǳɱ⣬ϾԼ֪ܣȻ֪˲٣ʯܸоԼɱأ⵹ǲ֪ιʡ
ʯѾǱĵ˶֣һΪǰûԱأʯֻŬ
ʯĻɵɫһ
Ϸչǧ꣬һҲǺ޸Ӧû˿ƿУҪֹڴԲ֮ˣҪٽһʵ̫ѣ˵
ʯֺγ֪һжѣһͷûУֻʯɲ飬ܲܳһġ
ѣʯĳҲҪһԡʯ˫ĿһУط磬ȥɣЩ齻ǡ
ǣطתȥһṦңʯ˹ش˸к
ʦҪ뿪ͣط˵ʯҪߣҲЩӡ
ǺǣˣȻҪߣˣǵĵˣʯһ䡣
ӵĵȻߣЩƻ޷֢䷽ЩҩҲԲ͸Щҩ޷ʦǰĵ˰ٷ֮ʮϵĳɹʡ΢΢һЦ˵
ڶ֢ҩֻǷȱˣһ㣬޷ҵһҽ䣬ҲˣʸܣȫȨˡ˵ŻʯԼҽȡ˳ȫ
лʦϲɫһæڵأһǣûʲôȵ뾭ĵøҪˣԼ߲·˵ԼĵһΡ
ɣļأһЩΪʦЩţҲһЩļأϣЩĿǰҽ棬ΪʦҲֻܰﵽˣʯɫһ˵
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ˣҶԵӿûôҪ󣬶ˣﻹһЩҩȻ࣬ȥˣԹһǬԼЯҩҲ㣡
ʯ˵껰ȡһöԪָҩһټ󲿷ֶǬȡģЩá
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һ˿ԼƣⲻЩϡ档
ʦ㻹ǬϵĽָԪģȻʦʵ˶սһСģͿܽԪָ٣˫Ŀһ䣬۾г״
طһ죬һ֮£æͳһöԪָ
ȿȣʦԪԪ𣬿ռ󣬸װθãҲӼӲǱǬˣֻǷ𣡡ط翴˿ϵԾЩΡ
ʯѿǽڼ˵ȥûţţǬԪ½вϴԼȻ÷Ǭֱ˲˼飡ϹЦ
ʯ˵ĻԼǬǿԪϾʱģȻǵʱļƷȷǷԪĺֹһΡ
ϴŵԪָҲԼģЩɱõսƷ
֪ТʦˣҾˣʯɴĽӹطеԪָ¶˿Цݣȴ˿ûиоΡ
ǬǰǰԪϾʱģʱûн̣ҲֻǸС㲻˵һһֱû⣬ռҲҩˣҪĿռ䣡ʯЦЦԺҲõĸҩֲռ̫Сˡ
ʯһһɾ紵
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ʦ֪һ·ϲĸңʦ㶼ȥݷõңʦֶݷøʦ
ʱʦ㻹ЩҪԷףʦֻֿҪԷһ㻯ɻַ裬ֻϧʦ̫ߣòϣʦʦֿǺģ
⼸֮УС̿һˣܴ򵽽裬ҲȻҲﵽʦ𣬲طҲüǵڴ󣬿Ҳ㡣ʯЦЦ
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ǳƴ󷴰ΪʤöϷֻÿֲݣֻϷЩ֣˵ûмöʯеķӺζ۽һʵȻöкļɵ


߰߻ ƻ
ϻǵúڿɣʯʵ
ڿҵȻ֪ʥ֮һĸ߽ףϴڣġϵͷ
öձԪʽںڿеõġʯ˫Ŀһе˵Ҳ˽˴ö
ԭˣҪúñö²ˣȻˣҲȱ㣬ǱǲֵңһҪԼԶһЩԵԽΣԽ󡣡Ͻ͵
ֲǴκڿʩչʱ򣬾֮Ҫ󼤷ͻȻҿҲҪˡʯЩµ˵
ԭǺڿľҲǣҪòάʥɱڷ֮ˣᱻ֮ʯνǶร֮ˡЦЦ
ˣ裬ӡһݣ֮оһЩ֮ΪʦҲϾ򣬳ɹͿԼ컯ˡʯɫ
лʦһձԪĶ
ط磬ΪʦʱһãھӪ֮޵֣Ӧûʲôź˰ɣʯ˿һλӡ
ʦȻ޶֣ʦ˵һЩԣȻõԶ򣬻ʦָԾطɫһʦǰ˿Υ档
ǺǣҲ̫ǫˣΪʦ˵ڸĶΪʦҴˣӣҲñʲô
ط磬ΪʦھӪ֮ȷв֪ʶ˵ʵԶ󵽵ĻҪ٣ܴģܱ氲ģֻܴһЩƬˡ
ΪʦΪ׼õһϣ治Ӫ֮˻ȽڲԣԶȾӪ֮ȫ棬ܲͿ˵컯ˣʯ˵꣬طһöʯ
ʯصĶɲ򵥣ʯǬԪ½ţһЩִϣõĺ˱ȻķõĲֻһЦꡣ
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صİطȻڵ棬ɫӶлʦ̵ûʦȻڴһСӻ˵Ժж𡣡طһΰߵ׺һ˵
ʦ˾Ǹм㣡
ǾͲҪˣʯһķˣ漴˿衣
ΨʣԼˣҸĴʲôأʯЦЦ
ʦүԴڣطʦѧģǵѧģҲлʦүҴڣһ̸ðéٿ΢Ц
ʯһЦСӣʦүģܲûʾΪӪ֮Ĵˣ֮ǰҲط磬ģһЩʦԽûӴ֪ʶ
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лʦүطߵףˮŶ
ǾͲҪˣܴĶĿǰҲڴˣԺηչͿԼػԵ컯ˣʯ˵껰һöʯһЩڻϡ
ʦ㽻ô࣬ѵԺ󲻼ˣƺһЩŵ˶ʵ
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ӽǡ˻شϣҲǵͷӦһϵĽձԪ̸ʯ
ʯѵʦͽ꣬ҵȴ۽磬û뵽ʦͽ֮䣬Ȼ⣬ʥ֮ټЦЦ
֪ɽЦĳţڴҲͬжڣʯǰһͬϻȡ
ý֮ˣʯһ仰ýĳһԽĳԶݶ飬ʯѷչ֮죬ĳνĿ˵ʵĳҲʶţˣʯǰһ˶ѡɽɫ
ˣĻҾͲǶ˵ˣɽľֻˣԺҪܳ϶ϣǽʵĸһ¥ʯ֣ص
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ҪĶķĵҩԼطƸҪĶǼ˱ޱ֧㣬ʯЦЦ
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ã͵ȫչˡʯЦЦϣ˷ǻȥҲӦȥƽú̸̸ˡϾ˵ĲԣƽҲ˶󶯸ɸģȻ취ζԸʥˣʯ˵꣬ɫһ


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ʯڴ½ϣּ˼ϣŽɽ뷽ϣԼط뿪˸ƹֱǹȥ
һ·ϣʯŷҹ࣬ƽջṆ̀Ҳ˿ķΧڣûʥ֮ӡƺǶʥų⡣
ͬʯȥƽǸûкڷƽ츽ȫӡû˹ҹ࣬Ӷųڷһ
ƽиԼĹƺϣǬԪ½в߻ӣڷʥҹ࣬屻ʥƿ˴룬ձڷƿ˴롣
ͨĽӴʯҲֺڷ̵ȷûʲô£ٹҹܸǴһЩĺôҶԸΰݣʯûڷˡ
ʥʯȻЩ£ʥżǿȻ幩ӡҲвʥ֮˲ǿȻ壬ЩΪȷʵԱ⡣
Ǻڷ̵ҹ࣬ʥĹӡԼûʲôͻ˿֮⣬½вʯҲӸ飬˽ֱ֮ǬԪ½벿
ʮǣڣ
ʦƽ˵ʵ²һǵ̸аɣطЩǵһ䡣
Ͼǽ̸֣УǶһɽ˼
޷ʯЦЦڵɽ֣ƽͻϮ߹أҪֻҪƽͺãУ۵ĶǷдİ˽룡
ǣɽӦһ漴ȥ
ط磬ȥƽ̵ĹңɢϢҾڽʮǣò˶ãƽԼͻġʯ΢΢
ףطӦһ漴뿪˾ҡ
ϣһǧʥ֮ˣʮפԷһʯٴοڵƽ̸УʯҲ֪ûôס
٣ƽ첻˵ԼûǸƶ˶ģ
ź飬½뿪˾ңʯվŴ̨棬˫ĿЩӣԺвֳ֪Цò
㣬㻹𣿴̲֮󣬰ܿͿֿʥˣһҵĵ򣬶ڵĵ̣ʯ˵
˼Ƭ̺ʯȻüͷһ壬Ϲϣ
ƺ˽⣬ûʥҲǲ²⣬ڲ鿴ͨʥٴλãҲ֪ûüĿ
Ҫеֿʥ⿿»첻٣ܹӦʯüͷһ壬оЩѹ
ڴϣʯĵֿʥǸ߲Ҳ֮Ҫ˵ʯϺ޻֮
ڷվȽŸ˼һг֧ţԼٴ󣬵ȻǰΪʵĹϵҲ޷ɱȽϣѱϡ
˾ʲô磿ģ˵ԽԲ֮ͿԳҷϽ𣿵Ǽ٣ʯ˫Ŀ΢е˼
״Բ꣬ȻʵԽۺ񣬵ʯʼոоκͻƵļ󣬸ûиоʲôƿһ硣
ϧϻڳ˲ȱķ쾭Щôļûʲôãûᵽйڷͻƺһ飬ڣжصĸˣʯ˫ĿһеĿ˿Զ
˼Ƭ̣ʯصߣ˫Ŀһյϥ

ƽԺڣ
éǰ棬Ѧʹվŭɫ
ϣʵ̫ƽǵͻϮʧСЩȥ˶Ǳܵ
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жû趯֣֤ʵǷ֮Ҳ޿ɺǣȻˣǵҲ壬ҲûʵĻǡéڣĵ
ʲôоȻûǶ֣˺ƽףʵ֮ǿǣǲ̫۸ˣ
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Ǻǣûô򵥣˵ʯѾ˽ʮǣǧʮػϲӦڱҪ̸СЦһ
ʲôԭˣѦ˫ĿһУȻ֪ǵĿģǴ˼ӽѲӣڼǸʯҸоӦþûʲôҪˡ
һΣһҪһԣܳûɵòˣ˵꣬¶Ц֮Ѧ˫Ŀһ¶΢Ц

ݱԵһƬԭ֮ϣ
һŰɫ۵գ뷢ڣ˫ֱЩɫĶԶǸλã
֣СӾȻûڴܵʲôط׷ɫƽ˵漴¶˼֮ɫ
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ߣϷʱ˵Ҫǿ˼ŵģֻڶϻȿֶ飬Ѱͨʥλʱ·˵ضѣϷ򴳲ȥĪǳΪƾԼܴȥ׷߲мЦЦ
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ˣͲ棬𣬵ΪĶȴǿտҲ׷һ䡣
˫ĿһУ˼Ƕԭûʲôڻ߶еӣн¸·ӳȥ
δЩˣЩƻĺۼԲãӦò꣬Ӧм֮ãΪĵŴȥ㷢ʲôԲŹ׷˫ĿһУųϡ
Ϻ꣬ĳʲôס㣿Ҳ󲢷ǵλµģҲߣλ겢ûнʥڴ˵أֻҵͨʥнˣ΢Ц
ߣϷĿֲʥ㣬ϷȥѰͨʥٵĴλã׷һ漴һԶƮɶȥ
𣬿˿׷ߣƬ̺ת׿˿ڷ˫Ŀ΢еĵ˵ͷݹһ𣬼ģ֮£ȥ

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ʦƽ˴Ϣ˵ƽƶ˶ģѾ˽ʮפ˵Ҫʦһ棡ط˵
Ŷ𣿿ɽĲԽ˳ˣʯЦЦ
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Ǻǣǵĵ̣ܲЩֵģֻǰһɣˣǴ˶ˣʯһ䡣
һֻһǧˣطһ˼漴صһ䡣
һǧˣٺ٣ĶǵжҲָƣϰеһǧǾȻҲܷ֣Ҳһǧˣǲ뷢ֻϺûô򵥣֪ͨһȥģʯ˵껰˫Ŀһе¶˼֮ɫ


߰Ż 붯
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ͬһʱ䣬ʮһ棡
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ԶǧӰϯضһǧһϢǷȻȫǷԪԲ磬һϴŰȻ֮ɫ
Ȼ䣬ԶһӰ˸̫ϳϣѾʮ£ĿǰѾӽǣŴ˵ظ
ŶûͣͨȻмֵʶϱ΢΢һЦˣƽƶ֮˶ģ
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ʯܻ쵽ֵزҲһۣǸǵĵֶ̣ǣΪԺڸ˼ǰ̧ͷ
ңֲǺ׼ҪǽǵɵӣԼɵӣ޴֮ߵ죿ҲģҲסǣ󣬻ܿǳ׾ѡĿ˿Ǻ꣬ɫ˵
Ե˵ͷڵγԼǣСǸԸĴӦò֣ǲǳȥ
أűãˣ֮ǰǵ£ź˰ɣһ䡣
ϵͷһЦγϷģѾ׵
ã˵꣬ǲ˫Ŀ΢еĿԶ
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Ƭ̺ʯ˼ģ֮£˶ĵ˶棬׷׶ݹһͣ˵档
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ʯѣ˵꣬׷꽪ɽüʯһԥ΢΢һЦǰ˶Ķ档
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նĵԼʯĳǰ֪кιɣʯɫƽһ䡣
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ʯһڵȻĵ˵ʯĳҲͲˣƽԺҲ׼ˡ
ŶʯѷƽΪУˣ뷨Ŀ˿ʯط˸Ҫڣʯִϡ
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ʯĳ˫ս˭ҲֲôʯĳþʤҲҪ˳ûơʯɫƽ˵
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Ϸ򲻸趯֣Ͳ´˻ŭϷ򣿡ɫһ䣬Щѹ
ѵͲ⻰ŭʯĳƽ췭ظǲ̫߿Լˣ֪ΪΣʯ˷̸ʮ㣬ֳһʢ˵ļơ
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ȻǳǰˣǶĳˣʯΪҴƴȷ۵ĵʯӦ֪ɣ˵꣬һĨɱ⡣
۵ҳ֮Ϊø֣εѾòܹܴ䣬ܹܴս˫䣬ʯĳȤ㵽ףʯ˿û̸ϵ飬һֱЩƵζ
ŶȻʯͱˣǶĳЩµкͣߣ˵껰ֻһ֡
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ţһƬ޴Ľƹ֣һպýʯ˴һǧˣ˵ĳ嵽գʯ˷𹥻


߰һʮ ʸ
ʯȻڶǰ֮䲻룬мȴǱƹʯ˱ϵС
գһǧ·׷ʩչŹ˿ըƲСҲʵ
ʯ˿ģɫεѣʲô˼
Ǻǣ֮ˣܵͷȻĿˣϷֻôĳѵһ£
ҵʯüͷһεѣлնɱʯĳĻǾԲİɣ˵ǲ̫ˣ
ߣֻܹԴĿˣɱ⡣
ŶʯĳΪԴΪԼʵĿΪĽΪϣͲˣʯЦһν˲໰
㡭һڡ
ʲôѵΪĵסǣֱЦߣȻΪǣʵΪϿҶ󡣡ʯ䡣
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Ȼ䣬֮дһ죬һɫƮɶûܴ֮ڣֻȻһ죬ȻҶ
ϣʯһʯĳҪεƽʵΣ䲻ʯĳ֣
䣬ϵӦһǧʥӣչ˼ҵķȻ˫һǧ˫սǼߡ
Ƿһǧʥ֮ˣԸƽһǧˣȻҲֻǿһߵƶѣûѹԵʵⲻ÷ϰüͷû뵽ȻпʥսĴڡ
Ȼ޷ռѹƣռϷ磬һĻڶУ䲻˫Ŀһ֮ɫ
һδǧˣǧͨԲͬףҲʤΪһǧ˿ɲ򵥣ܹѵװ
ԭΪԳʤʯ˶࣬Լ޷ʤҪҲûסû뵽ʯһǧˣ뵥ʵȻֵ̬ز
ϷСˣҪΪ˸õϢϷ᲼нƣܱƵСЩ˵սˣĿ˿ʯ
ôʯĳ̸еʸ񣿡ʯ΢΢һЦ
ʸ񣿺ٺ٣ʸɲǿȡģ⻹ҪԼǷδ䣬һڵһɵգ漴ʯĳһƣ
һ
һֻ۰գ漴ʯһѹ£ƻû£ʯܵЩݣСʯ鵱Ϊĩɼһ֮
ʯâһ漴վΣۿƼ£һ漴һȭ
صһ졣
ʯ˫һ𣬽Ųȵĵ³ȴƾ֮ӲĽƺѶöĴ⡣
ʯ֮ٺ٣֪ͨΣ˵Żĵһǣһ⼤һ֮ĺȻڰջΪһֱ󸡣
Ȼһ֣ſһҺɫҺ壬ʯһշ֮Һ嶾Ժǿӡ
ߣʯŶͷһ㣬һâɳ漴ڰջΪһɫʮɴСӣ׻ƣžž֮
ǻҺɫҺһӴ׻ǻһưʧ·ܵһ㣬˿ܶ֡
˫Ŀ׹һſ޿ڣ˹ȥɫû˿ɫβһ֮£һ׻žƹȥ
ۡ
һɫ˿ھڷɳҲֻʲôͨһӴ׻֮߾Ȼͬʱ߽漴ڰɢ
״¶ŭ⣬һϢɢܿռ΢΢һ𣬱ž˹ȥֻȻ漴˴һһʱ
߽ǣСӻԵ˫ĿһУ漴һֱֵֵֻϣǰĺȻһϢ
ʯô£ֻкȻһɫЩ֮⣬ЩãƼ١
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㳢ŭζٺ٣̧һ㣬ɫƮƮʯ˹ȴɢһӴصϢ
ʯ˫ĿһУһжʱһɴС޽Ƿ콣عӰ
ۼɵͷʯ붼һ˦֣о޽ֶصһص˰ɫ֮ϡ
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ףʯǵû֮ɫ˫Ŀһǰ׹Ⲣûɢڰ۳һɫɢһضЩϤϢ


߰һʮһ 
һ
ʯɲ֮ʣǰɫźȻҶΪһƬɫ𺣣ʯһֶȥ
Хһ
ܿռ䵱Ť滨ݵпλظǻΪҺɫеʯ鶼ڻ
𣿾Ȼ𣡡ʯ붼ĴȭӰֻһ֮Ǳ̣һܶδ֡
ԶĿһĻ¶֮ɫ
ߣʯɫһ̧ңңһ㣬һâҡһȻΪһֻɫСⲻö΢΢һ㶡
ֻСﲻСľȻûио˿Ϣϸ飬ֻɫСһ̰ĳ𺣡
ǴȻԼȥǲ֪ߵغҲԣҲûʶ棡Цһ漴ʯǻۼʯ֣߳ʩչ⣬Ȼһ
һ£²ʯǲǱɵˣԼ֮ɾһ㹦ֵܹΪٻֲ֮ͨԪڶսбڵ
ףԣ۽һȻûһڣɫСǵû֨֨۵Ľǻ죬ǿֲµĻˮһ㣬˿û
ۣ֨֨
ɫСƺһ㣬ڻشʱ¶СƤƯڻ֮ϣɹ̫ǱҪжܡ

ɫСƺ˸ãСӣ漴˿ѾӽʯĻ𺣣Сﵱ˫Ŀһವһʯǰ
һ̣ɫСâ˸ǣȻΪС޿һ֮£ǿֲȵİɫ𺣣ȻɫСһա
⡭ɫȻһ䣬ָСһ֮ɫ⣬ΣȻǻε֮
ʱɫ޺ɫëһϢҲȣ̵ɫ֮СӱŵùԲЦСƤһȻֿɰ
ֻɵ֮ɫСȣƺЩƿأҲ֪ûԵʣ̫
Ҳø¼ʶһڤʯ˵껰̧һġ
ֻɫ޺˫ĿȻһɣ֮ͫĵɫ棬ȹмأֻ̧Сצһӡ
һ
һɫ𺣵ϯһɫһ㣬Ƕ˹ȥŤ潻ǻΪһƬҲʼЩڻļ
θ˳ңǱɫûֻ洫ŭԶȺһĻҲɵ÷׷ͣ
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Ȼ䣬ɫȻѿһǱӰ˳ЩңɫмֲĺɫҲ֪Ǳ𿾵ģǸоЩ
ʯʱüͷһ壬۽⿴˿Զǧ˶սԼȻռϷ磬ҪЩȫɱƺ̫ʵΪԷʵҲǼǿֱʥ֮ˡ
飬Ȼռһ˿Ϸ磬ʯɲϺֻӣҷŶԸֶҲмأԼһûгȫ
ڴ׷ģʯԼһûܵĿܣҪѹԵʤҲûжϣ
Ȼû̫սûбʤİգֺαȥһˣ
뵽ʯ΢΢һЦĵѣ֪ڣʯĳ̸еʸ񣿡
ԣüͷһ壬˷̽һʯʵ뵽ȴһֻ飬Ȼ㲻սҲԲСġ
ߣ˵˵ɣ˷ƽϷν£ı˵ǿӲǲмʵ֮ǰսʱİֱۣٴʧָ˶ϱ״̬
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һμ棬ʵۿھӪ֮ƽ죬ֿܵƽ칥ʯڣǸʲô
һֻ̾ϢʯԼȷԼƽƽʵȻϲԸϣȴѾĬˡ
ֻǶһֱ벻ףôһˣģЩϡŹ֣벻ֵܶľӪԣĸģĿɲһ˾Ӫԡ
ܼ򵥣ʯĳҲƽ췢ͻͺҸ˵ĽһԺǲԾӪ֮ʯ˵
˫ĿһУ˵ΪҪҶǮׯķʽһӴ£Ǯׯ鲼ǬԪ½
ƽĳЩ̣ǲҲȥвĻϷЩƽɣ˵꣬ʯüϺ꣬ȷǱ˵īҪѲ


߰һʮ 
ĵвǮׯʯĳȻûҪǿ̣Щ˵ȥˡʯ˿ġ
ǮׯĹһЦƽȻ˵Ǵ½еˣȱַʽʣǮׯ˰ɡ
ŶǶεѵ˼Ҫв̣㣿ʯ˫ĿһС
ҪǶĳʼ̣ʯҲưոݣɣԺҶҪĲϣƽвɹĻҪ˵һɣΣϾǶģһΪ΢Ц
ʯü˻˵Ȼ򵥣ǬԪ½вϰٹң۸ƽƷµһɣһҲһӴĿ
ǺǣεѿƣʯЦһ
ôʯҪⶼûУϷЦЦ
ҲǲԣʯһԺ۸ƽĲϵһɣƽָǵĲϣҪеһɵһ룬Σ
üƽռ˱ˣȻҪڶǮׯϾƽûʲôӰ졣
ĹһЦãϷʹӦҪ˵ĻҶĴţʱ賨
˵ЩˣָӦýǮׯɣʯЦһ
ҶǮׯҲǽһˣϷһ飬ɷҵȻǷȵʯûгҲ̫Сˣɫһ塣
ʯЦЦҪʯĳȻԣ⺮汻̣ñȶεԷһ㣿Ѳɶε͵ĶҪ³ĳû£ûˣ
㡭Ŀ˿飬һĨɫת˲ʧ
ȻˣǶĳȸˣʯһҪǵԼĳŵ̤Ҷ̣۸ǵĲϱеһɡ
ʯ˵ͷģʯĳ˵ҲϣεѼǵã۸ĲϣҪеһеİɣҲҪǿǮׯ
ɽǣپۣ˵꣬Զ˰֣˷׷׶ݹһ𣬱Զȥʱ˵Ӱʧߡ
ڰ˫Ŀգƺܣƺ棬ãһСľңһûʯ֮ڡ
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ǣӽǣȻԵɣط绹Ӧһ
ˣԺ˵飬ͽͰˣŶʱڲʲô·ˣҲûźúñչһˡʯɫ
ʦģнɽڣǲµģԽԽǿģط֣ص
ǾͺãɽԺͿˣطİȫˣʯһ䡣
ʯѷģֻҪϷпȻǳ⣡ЦЦ
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һصʯַǷɵЩ⣬ǵԼû֪ͨˣô߸ӷϴӭ᣿
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ҵȥܴڼأȻǻļ䣬ȥۼ֤һҲãЦЦ
ʧȥ䣿ʯȻɫһǵһٶǰԼʱ򣬿ǲûʧȥ䣬Լķ쾭ʮǣЩʶҩҲõģ
ֻԪϾ²ܽ룬ʯڿ϶ûˣʯҲʼΪεԼӵļ䣬Ҵû˴壬ʯ˺أҲ¶֮ɫ


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˽ʮ֮ߣͨڣ״ÿһضһֻͭɫ΢紵һ졣
ܿһЩţŻϹһʽӵ䣬ӡϡ
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ϳЩֻʣ˻һӵĶӳԼִµӣʯΧǻ˼Ȧ
ƺʯ˼΢΢һЦʦ֣쳣Ӳ޷ƻҲ޷ƶ֮ǰ׼ƶɽڣ
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Ԫᱻ飿ʯ۽һղŻԼ֮ԣԪУʯֻ̾Ϣһҡҡͷ
Լ֮ţʯҲԴ󵽸оԪӲĳ̶ȡ
ĬƬ̣ʯʵڼ䣬ڣˣûһӵ𣿡
⡭ϸһ漴ҡҡͷ֪ʱûֹܴ࣬أҲֻʷŶѣʵŴѾǼˣ֪ھʲôֻǿϧĿǰûܽȥ
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һ˼£ʯһſڣһʯԪϽ̽ԵɫĻ뿴жų֮
СģϴҽӴɫĻֱֱӱ飬ҡʲôĻû˵꣬ǵɴ˫ۣ¶һ벻֮ɫ


߰һʮĻ 
ŵĿʯֱ̽ɫĻڣǼ̬Ľɫ⣬˲䱻顣
ŵǣʯֱȴĳ˳Ҳ֪ʯǲã̬ԽԪ
ȣҲ֣ʯҲЩɲ
Ȼֱʯȴ޷ȷʲôԭ򣬾ڻɲǣʯ˲߷ж֮Ʋð⣬ʯԼ⹦м˽ġ
ûжð֮ûдﵽǿ״̬Ҫ˵ԼԪӲʯԼҲ֪̫ܡ
֣ȻомǿƻôЧѵѾɶˣκû˺ʯü˼
뵽ʯһһԪǰʯ̧һ㣬ԪŹĻȥһӴĻ֮ϣֻһ̶ļ
ţض۽һǼԪȻˢһ£ɫĻڵĽ֮飬һööεѡ
ƺ֮Ȼڣʯ°ͣʱһ
ʦ֣ô£ѵ֮ѾԽԪɲʵ
ᣬҲ̫ԭ򡣡ʯصĴɫĻ
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ɫȻһֱۣһµֱȴһֵĿɫĻٲҽӽ⡣
ʦ֣֮ڣ㲻ԣû˺²ǽ֮Ч̫֮ǿ
Ҳ²֮ЧĿûУϾûнԿףӦ̫֮ǿԵʣ˿ʯ˵Ĳ²
֮ЧʯĻԺһȻ뵽һطǾǶϻȵǸϹ϶޲ߵĽƣԼЧ
֮治У˿ܿ󷨽ƣҲһ˫֮ЧҪĻʯǼ˸ˡ
ȻҲֻʦĲ²⣬ԭʯҲ㲻ף
Կ˵꣬ʯֱۣһζ幦ҲûãҲûпͳĽֱ쵽ɫĻ֮ڡ
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ʯɴཫֱ̽˽ȥȥһȣС§ڹĻ֮⣬һĶǡ
ΪʯԽȥʱʯȴһ˳
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⡭˼Ƭ̣ڵðɣʦֵķԸһҪСġ
ãͽʦˣȽȥ֮ʯԥ֮ת֮£ҲûпһûɫĻ
Ƕˣ鲻ĴˣΪ˰ȫֻĨȥʱļˣǶҪ˵껰˸Ҹа㷴ڴϣ˵仰Ҫ
ǻ廤ִµӣһſ˿ûеֿʲôƾĨһʱļ䡣

һƬ׳Ĺľڣľƣֱ鲼滨ݣһƬŨҩ㣬Ƭ֮У
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ĪǰĲ㴳سɹԭһֱԽǰĲ㣬ֱ˵أʯ˼
ϴεѾһΣǵòԶһɽ壬һ쾭õģֻûгɹأҲ֪㾿ʲôڵ㱻˳ȥ˵껰ʯݹһ𣬱Զ˹ȥ


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ֱԵһͨ޷崣ڵ棬˰ɫƣɽ׶ˣһںĶڡ
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ܿռ񱩵磬ɳʯһʯмҵʯ
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ʯüͷһ壬˫һǣ⼤漴Ϊ˸̬
ˮһУǰ̤һſ޿һȻǰˮٲУ˿ܽӽʯ
չ޳ᣬҲһԡڻ֮ڣ˫һ֮£ǽʯĻ𺣴ɢɻ֮ҲŻ
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ʯԬǻΪʮɴСȵסʯɽˣֻȻһÿһײ
֮ԽԽ࣬ʯȻʮޣҲʯһζȫʮֿУͬʱȶǣʯҲЩԲɫ


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ʮһʯٿʮǣֿܵĹɫҲԽ԰
ʯĵǣ˳ʱȥҶ͵Ĺȣһ˿һҲûм˵ļټּʯûʲô⣬ڼָʮ죬ʯоЩΣˡ
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˻֪ʯģֻҪΪɱڽֹµˣնԸ
ȻʯҲر϶һһ˭ԼСȥЦ
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뵽ʯ֪һţ׼鿴Ƿصİֻ£֪ɿģ⿿˫۽ἫΣա
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ʯһԪָϰ׹һʯķ֣Ԫָڵıﶼ޷ȡ
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Щʯͷ쳣ӲˣҪûȭ֮ԶԿ
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Ȼкڷ̵ǿŵҩҲʯ֮١
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ͬһʱ䣬ʯо˲ָˮбãڸˮԺʿһ
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ʯɴදʮǣʯԪϽж֮ҹǽͬһλãϣҳ
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һǿˣôģʯȻҡҡͷץʯԪϽ˳Ц

ʯɫһ䣬ʯԪϽԶ˫ֱͷƺЦ˫Ŀ΢΢죬һ߬ȭͷȻǻ˺ȥ
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һ̣ʯԼȻ˸Ӧƺг˿Щ޷ƵĹʯҲ޷ܣȴԼ䴥ʲôգӦ˵ܸӦôһ˿һĹ֮
ʯܹĸокˮйɣоͷɣƺһԼض޷ƵĹɣǴȻҲ޷ŤתĹ֮
ףԣɽľôˮʯȻ˫Ŀһһ̣ȴǳ׾ˡ
ʯܹǼٲʣֵܹ裬ܸܵŵݵķ㣬ҵҡڵɴ
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ǰһУԶǰȻҪʵΪڣʯƺȻı켣
Լ䣬ʯоԺһ죬ƺĳһ㣬þ޷ΪҲľƽȣﵽһĸ߶
ԺеʯظоһƿڣʯɣֻҪԼչأƿͽһɳ죬ﵽ־硣


߰һʮ˻ ħն
ʯ׼ȴһƿʱһǽ֮ϣȻ¥ݣͨھŲ㡣
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ʲôԪʯüһһâصһն˽ɫ֮ϡ
ƹְȻǵâɢʯ˫ĿһУȻûָâҵҲ̽ƹֵǿȡ
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ţʯԪϽ΢΢һŹһնֹʯʩչȫɫͻ񱩣ƹ˺ҧŤΡ
ʯԪϽնϣùֳһ޴İݣȻûնƣʯ˫ĿһȻһߡ
ֻʯԪϽɹϼǰϿڴ˸һâ۵һǽƹ̴ִȻһ֮󣬽ƹֱѶΪɢա
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ڽƹѶɲǣһɱ˺ԼһЩϢѹǰѰ䵶ɢ
һͨıʯǰƣһץסɫ䵶漴һᡣ
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ףǡʯȻ֣ʯ̨мС֣ۿ
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ΪΪССӵд˱ǶǿߣҲûмӵʥģɼ˱Ͻ磬ҲǶı
һǣӦˣ֪ΪûзһֻܿãʯЩյ˵
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ʯСħնħն·ǿʯЩ죬ǰ񷭹һ̻һС֡
쾭ΪʥԴʯ˫ĿȻһȻǷ쾭ڶһ룿һ쾭ڶˣû뵽Ȼõ˷쾭
ʯ˷˹Ī⣬ˣֻҪѧϹǰȻԽսҲϴһû˿֮
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ʯ˷ܵĻ֮УֻܿռһΧһģ֮ǰһԼȻǰ
״ʯæ˷쾭һɨֳ֮⣬˾Ȼȫʧ
ʦ֣ɳˣ淢ʲô飬ǶĨˣб֪ģôջ񣿡Ц
ٺ٣ջȻУʦܵˣ˷һȥչغܳһʱ䣬Σ֮ʱԼ뼸Σʲô鶼Ҫҡʯ
ʲôѵʦ׼ѧϰ棬أͻһƿɫһʵ
ǰɣˣͨʥ֮ǰһҪ֪ͨң飬ͽˣǴαչسƿʧܣƶʱڲڱչˡʯ˵
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ٶ࣬ҩҩǰæټϷֵ壬Ӧʹã˵ڲʦûаɣʯһڵʵ
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Сӣðɣʯεҡҡͷڴ˵ؽֱӻصţ˽һ漴չ֮ãĴҩ
ֻ֣ǾԪҩҩʯܶûܣҩ͸ҩ뵤塣
һˣʯԻصիԸκ˲ôţפԪ֮˻ʯǿʼıչҪħնҪ쾭ҪǣҪһͻƿ


߰һʮŻ չ
ʯôûгأⶼչˣڴڣСһ䡣
ЦЦǺǣСʦãʦʱ֮չһʱѣǰһֱڸǸҩȻôĴ洢׶òꡣ
Ǿ֪۸ˣʯ統ҩũСһۡ
˼ܹҡһЦ
ȿȣΪţΪţɿһο˵룬ֱΰռһ֮ء
ǷԪˣϻһˣǵķԪʵﵽ֮࣬ǴԲˣ˲š
ֹ治ţÿεҩԷţۿǳɳţƽˣǸ붼벻˵ˣǶᵱЦЦ
ⶼŵĹͰṩĵҩ˶߽ףԪ̾ϢһԽоԼûпˡ
ǵ˵ͷ漴ҡͷҲԼĹͣʵҩЩĹҲСȻϣǰЩûǰæǻ޷ɹƳ൤ҩģԼϣ֪˷Ѷҩɹ̫͡
ҲǣʱǨԼҲѾ൱ƣԹӦ֮˵ĵҩӦˡԪЦЦ
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ŶиĹͣɻʵ
ЦЦ⼸ʮҪûи߻Ż£ǬԪ½˲ţʵ˲ţ
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ǣȻڣӦõģŻ߻ЦЦ
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ǣʯŴǿûʯţûڵĽ죬ֻŷʯţųҲЦЦϴο
Ԫɫһλ˵Ҫʥǿһս֮
߻üҪʥϼһȫأԴ죬ʥ㳲ǰ⻹ǲ˵
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ųȴǲΪȻЦЦҲõģʥػǲ㳲ģһƷߣǿɾ鷳ˣ˵㳲ĳǼûʤ㣬˶࣬ϴ֮Աûʲôġ
߻˵ͷ⵹ǣȻûʤ㣬Աȴûˣһʥ㳲Ǳؽʤǵǲõĵġ
ЩҲ벻ϣһػ忴СҡСԴ
ԪɻСǰ첻Ǹմӻ𣿶꣬ҲľܻȥһˣôСӰ£ô㲻ģĲã㾡˵
ԣҲüͷһ壬ʯǿᣬֻҪСˣʱˣԼȥƹܴ֡
⡭СЩСŵĵֻǣֻǡȥһ£ûС
Ŷԭǹĸ簡Ԫĵ˵ͷ
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ףʵĲ̹ôˣԪʵ
棬λϣʾ˴˸к漴Ԫ˵ϣҶԼˣûʲô£ǰЩ껹еһʵڱư
ˣǻʹô죿Ԫʵ
Сӹ⣺ʦڻʹôʲôĵģĹǲģЩʦһֱڻʹιϤˡ
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棬λϣģȻȥˣҲȲػʹˣǣС˵껰ǵͷ뿪˴ˣ֪СѾͷô£ֻһЦĿ

ͬһʱ䣬իڣ
ʯϥһ鵭ɫϣһɫΣһϢǿᣬƺǴﵽһٽ۷塣
Ҳ֪˶ãʯȻɫһףһƺߣ˫һε˫ۣ
ȻʧˡʯЩʧĿЦоѾﵽҪ󣬲֪Ϊλʧܣںͻơ
ֻ˵ħնʹ÷ʱ˳ἰһ£Ҳû˵γƿûἰкעûǰָ㣬⿿ԼĻҲ֪Ҫ߶·
ʯҡҡͷһʱչأû뵽ջʧܣȻоľʵϹ»ûеֿ֮
ȽħնȻĽһ󽫷쾭ɣܴսӦûʲôˣϣͨʥ֮ǰһйѾɰɣ
ʯ˵꣬ȡħնգڱ̫أʯҲǿ֣ڰ΢΢ƺʱڵء
˱Ҳ֪ʲôƵģ㲻κ߶ƾôڵϣ¹իҲҪٵ涨Ȼᱻҳһ޵׾޿ӣʯܲСĵģ
һɫ潫ʯͷŶʼ
ԭͱĨӡǵĹϵʯӦ֣ûʲô谭һʱƬҲԳ
ʯҪſƱﲻ䣬ҪʱţʯҲɫףĺ¡
ȥһʱ䣬ֻһ죬кɫ䵶΢΢һʯɫһϲĨһѺ飬һ֮£ವһɫ䵶ϡ
ʯ˵䵶о᲻٣ͬһûԪһȻǺأĿǰԷԪѾǺܺˣֻеϣŻо
ˣʯҲо˱Լ䲻ܵӦ֣Ҳǿܹٿعһʥ֣ʲô龰
һȻһʱ䣬󣡡ʯ̾Ϣһ⻹ûӡǵԵʣĻĪ˵ԼӡǶ޷Ĩ
ʯֻµʱ䣬ǽֽɹһʯУ漴ϲһķ쾭ڶʯǾ۾Ĳ


߰ٶʮ С«쳣
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棬ԪԤʥһЩϣǾɲĿŹի

ı仯ʯ֪˿̣ڱչ֮Ŀһ͵İ׹⣬ɮ붨һһ
Ҳ֪˶ã׹һ˫ĿһʵʰľâһǿϢ
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Ϲ˵±ߵСС֣õԼģʯҲид
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Ҳ֪ôˣͨʥҲ֪ʲôʱܽ٣ʯĬƬ̣ڶһ
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⡭ʯüţȻһӡ
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ˣã֪Ͳ˵һŷ𣬼æЦǸʦ֣ôһƺ̫ðɣ
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ȻˣͲ㣬Ҫ͸㳡ģСʦô˵ҲǴϵ䣬۰мӡ
ڵݣСЩԵȣԣҾˣϴλʯ˵꣬һģЩˤڵء
λʦ֣ûɣУҲڡ
ޡʯûİһۣʲô㣿㿴ǣһĶôУ˨һŰеңеңԺʲôøˡ
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СԼطһӺܿ췵أڴ밲֮£ļλ䣬˳Ŀˡ
һգַǷ壬Լμⳡʢᣬڷ̣ԼҲɴǰμӣֻ纣ȺȴǻһЩݲĺˣ


߰ٶʮһ ս
λ䣬ھٰʢ磡
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ߣҲ޷һսеɳƵ

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ಡ
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ʯһ˿⣬Լ֮ǿȻûжȫȻԷӡ
ʱһ⼤һīɫȻֻСɢѹ侪ˣҲ֪Ǳԭ󣬻Ǵ߶ۺ
ʯһʯԪϽգӭɫײһ𣬱һŴĿֻǽƬ̣ɫЩ֧
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һ֮£ʯǰĲȻҲˣһŤͬһƵʯһ࣬ٴκһȭڳ˼˾ʾ׵Ĵս޲ּ
æʯֱֻ۵ֵصһٴαˣվһ˾Ȳѣ֮Ǻ·磬ǱʯȴԶǺˣƿ
ʯԶʩչһʮɴСĺɫ򼣬ʯһ˶ȥϴֲϢͬʱһ˫һ̧гһӰʯһնֵǣƺûʲôѹǸ߳ϵȴ۽һƺо˲֮ͬ


߰ٶʮ ˫
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˾ԼֵκһֹҪȫ֣Եֵοʯһж
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ͬʱеĺ˵ֳһץһɫڣʽӣһҳ̵ĺɫС
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أһ졣
ɫֺȻҶֲನϯɫɫӰɫ˲Сұ鲼Ѻ۵ĻΪҴС
ǺɫӰȻûгѺۣȴҲʥֻ֮ʣֹȻѹʯһնȥ
״Ѿ֮ǰһֵļɫˣΪ֮ǰʯռϷ磬ʯʥֶˣȻ޷ɵֵˣȥҪǳӡ
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ܼѣԺҪһҽĵãҩ˿΢Ц
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˵յأнĳɾҲǾһȻܶʱҲĮЦ
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ַǷ˶ۼһ𣬾ϺܿͻϤʯҲոϻطȼӽܸĮһƬгϲ죡
ʯҲþûĮһֱϯɢĮСһིյľԼһĿĵĳ죬Ǽʮ겻Ҳ˿ûм˴еֵ飬ֱҹ˲ŻصסϢ
ӼʦȻڹիڣʯ˵Ϸһˮ򣬿ԹۿʢĹ̡
쵥ڹիûμʢ䣬ʦԹԣطţʯһ䣬һϣ


߰ٶʮ 
ӲκԹԣҲԹԣʦȻ˰ţȻʦĿիڣЩн˵
㲻˾°ɣʯ˵꣬һԥһϣʵ
һ㣬̫չһ̤磬ἫΣգ㲻ԶΪһеİԣΪʦûʢۼ߼档ʯɫ
ʦģڷ˼úܺãΪҲܾκܶಡˣڴʲôչɫ
Ǿͺãһ¶ݣ磬Щʱɼ㲻ȥ鷳鷳Ҳ㣬ԣԺһҪСģײҪ¶ݣȵҽͺãʯ΢Ц
ʦ̻壡˵ͷ
ʯ˰ۣ΢΢һЦһ֮£Ʒְգ
Ϊʦһ챦ΪϢһķԪҲѿ͸ٴһϢʩչϢǼ챦ǷԪԲҲκζߡ
˵ŻʯһɫӣԼһöʯҪ֪ӣʯûдڹ
лʦӹƷ
ǺǣҽӴʱж̣Щн˶٣ʯüڵΪԪԲӦ
Ӳǣֻҽ˵
ʯ˼Ƭ̣ҲգӦвˣΪʦһöԪһǷԪԲҲ⣬Ϊʦһöͽ͸֮ã
ȻԪʥļֵʯֻһöؼǿ߷ԪԲɱٱҲ֪ʯָ߽׶õϡ
ҽӣʦŲܷáæѡ
ǺǣΪʦ㣬ŰɣҪ㾡ܺʦط翪ڡʯֱӽԪ˰һᣬоʦԼĸرһָж
ˣҽʢѧϰˣط˵ǬԪ½вˣʯʵ
ʦǶҴģǶ֪ʦĹͣҽʢ䣬м̫ס˵ҽʢ䣬¡
Ŷﲻף˵Ϊʦ㽲ʯЦЦ˵ʣʯǲ䷳ĸ

ڶһ磬ط磬裬Լһͬ˹իڣʯ⼸Ҳξ룡
ݼʦ빧
ݼ桱蹧
ضˣ˷ǰǸһ£ºΪʦȥͨʥ˷ϣ㰲ȫأҲչػ߳ʱһҪܾòܼ档
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ǽһ£ǵСʦܰˣֻڷߣǻһ°ɣʯ˵
Сʦܰʦһ˱ܲСҪʱܵбټ졣İļ
ʦһЩһöԪָĶǸַʮ㶼ö֣ٺ٣ͳһöԪָ
ƲƲ죺ʦܣƯʦһԪָĵҩ治лָƣսεˣԼⶾдھֱԪԲҪĵҩӦоС
طЦǺǵ˵ٺ٣һԪָСʦţ
΢ЦСʦ壬˵ڷˣڷõĽ鱦һЩص׼˷һЩصĽ鱦ʱҪ
лλʦʦ㻹Сʦֶ˲оԼҸЦݣʯ߳˶̵죬ҲοЦЦ
ˣһƷ͸һöбԪӡ棬ȻκܣÿһӡǶȱ٣ԭһģһ
С㳢һ´öҾûʱоˣƳɴȸЩ˷ȻӦڣöۣʯ
ʦɫһϲϲĪڷ֮ˣָûûӴķ
ط磬콫ͻȥҪ밢нӴְⷢҲߡʯϣط˵ͷ˱
ʦƫİľͷзôûе
ȿȣΪʦҲûʲôõܴͽˣɣڸ㼸ҩʯ˵ŻǴ˼ֵ
ͽͽһûЦʯҳһˣҲοˣֱԼʦ֪ʦƫȷʵԼĵ


߰ٶʮĻ ʥ
ڶ죬իڣʯĮһá
ЩйôΣվоʵҲȷĻԵʯ˽˴ž΢Ц
ʯͲ˵ˣǬԪ½ŰֻһǱĳʮų֪ƽ飬Ȼ϶ȥæһЦ
ˣô뵤λһ𣿡ʯӣһ΢Ц
ٺ٣㻹֪շһˣֻʦ̿ʼͬ⣬˵ҪݾµŮˡƲƲ졣
Įʯɻ
Įټ¶һ˿ΣͯӶγȣǵԸкܽӽϤ֮󡭡
˵ɡĮŤŤ󣬽ӹ⣺СӶ˼˼˵ҺôҲˣշӰæû뵽ҩ֪£ͯĮô˳ˮһˡ
ԭˡʯһЦ֣õһϽ˵պЩôñ͸ȴûҵǡ
˵Żʯóڶ͵õʯöɫӣһֱʯУʯҲһֱûס
ףǽ⣿Į˫ĿһЩŵĿŶ̽
ιʯ㲻ôƫİôһһ֮ҵʲôɣǸʲôʥֽңǿˣƲƲ졣
ãʯ붼ûĴӦֵ֮Ҳû̻֮ʯڽЩⲻ˼ֻһ˵Ҫ֪һҲụഫڹĮȻڶ֮̽С

죬իڣ
СǲǶ˼ҪҪʯʯʵ
˵ߣСһ죬Щõĵ
Сʯġʯ֣ص
СʯƺЩӵʯһ
ʯ磬˵ʵЩһֱչأĸһֱûҵ˵˶ûУȥʹѯĸϢ
ʱҾͻᷢɧһֱܿǫңҲ֪ô£ʱһãҾ;ȥ棬ܿҷɡ
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ʯܲףӦŮ˰ɣԼǵһΣʱĥ𣬶Ӧ뵱Լһֻ˵ԼѣСѾͷ
ǺǣСĸ粻ڣҾĸ磬ģһԶһչ㡣ʯһֱûжСйǷ֮룬ӿʼͰá
ֻʱСеһԿڵʯһֱճʯˡ
ֻǡ𣿡СЩʧ䣬Щì
һ罫ǽ֪ʲô飿ʱ棬ԪϣԼʥλſ˽˵ĶԻ
λã֪ͨһ£׼ȥμºͨʥ֮£ǰһ飡ʯ˵
Ŷ£Ҳ̫ʱһôȥü˷׷
أȥѣ˷Ҷͬмɣʯ˵һЩͨʥ顣
峿ʯĮҶɽǰ˳С
һȥɣλǷͬУʯ˿Įˡ
ٺ٣ߣǻҪȥȥһˣ㶮ãʯʹ˸ǸüŪ۵Ĺг
ˣǰɣǾʹ˱ʱͨʥټʯ˹֣˵֮󣬴ŷ˶ݹһ𣬱ȥ
ʯ˳ͨ߹أʯ˵
ؽ֮󣬾һƬϿգ˺Ȼͣ
ಣ
ͬһʱ䣬ʮɫӰһʯ˰Χʮϣʮϣаһɫơ
ϼ״۽һ¶һ˿ɫ
ʥǣʥϣϿ˵ƣ¶֮ɫûǸʥϵķ絭ᡣ
ʥǺҲǷҲδϴ룬ֻˣÿζԶԶӣκһϹŶ׻ֻܷЩһֱչزô֣
οϣӦĺҶϣʯԼӦսʮϣûʲô⣬Ǽǰ˸ϹŶǼֱôܲģ
ʯȴûǰһ˫ĿһŮޣȻʯıЩ
㣬Ҫһ𣬺Ͱ𣿡ʯƽ˵ȴζ


߰ٶʮ ŭս쾭
Ҷһ壬Ȼûʥϣ˸ϹŶǻ֪һЩġ
ʥϣǺһƳϣ԰֮˵ڷݵ㣬ںڷǧ˴ɱѪ·Ȼߡ
ڷ̼Ԫ֮ˣڷ̶ʥϵνŷɥʥһϣҲûмϣһ˴˵
˸ϹŶչز˵˾ͽ˽ãⷨϿڣһöǣ֪Ϊγִ˵ء
ϣȷʵϤⷨϵĸ£һһʣʮϣĲ඼ʶʥ֮ҲС֮
ܾʥϵĴ£ԶʥǧԲҪֲֻֻһ£֪С
ȻʥϣǴ˷֮ˣȻⷨĸʥϣƺһӪ
ʯϣҶڰΧȦڱ鲻һʥɢһֲϢѹֵҶԴϢ
ҪǶﻹл֮
һȻı飬ʯ㣬㵱Ը𣿡
ԣü΢壺Ȱ˵Զڷ̣һֱ壬Ϊһ˽ƽ˴󶯸ɸ꣬ƴɱѪɺӣ޹֮
뽫ʥаɰΪ̫ʧˣڲۣ־ܣ
Ļҵ𣿡ʯĬã˵֮ǰ֪̽Σִȷʵû뵽ԼӣĻԼƲһ졣
ǸͬŪˣֻʯܲҲԸֽҲڵѪ
㣬ɱʥ֮ˣΪ˽ɱƽ֮ˣͶ·ڷ̾壬ʥƲʱǱ㲻κιϵˣն˵ֻЩ˸
㣬˼ǣǲκιϵ𣿰㲻ٹˣʯʵ
ʥϻ˷ʥϣⷨ£صʥȰ㲻Ҫõɫ
һ̣ʯȻЩİ
㣬һΣʲôвȣڰ㣬ҲԱʯص
ɫڸģγϣϣϽǣʯɣ
ãһЦȻǸ˵˵ˣĳҲ˵һ䣬죬ͽ˭ҲӲϣҪԸʯͽϾͺãϰΧˣҪκܵ
ʯ쳤Хúúãٽһ㣬ȻӴ˻ɣǰԸɱ䣬ʼǸˣ
ߣֵĻᶼûУһһʯȥȻǶڶһ
뷨ϳ֣һҲԻʯ˸õĶ֣
ͽҲˣһЦ뷽϶սһ𣬶ǶսҶһжҲ·硣
ʮϰΧˣһʥһΣգҲʱֻڿЩûгֵĻˡ
ҲЩΧڱԵûԲ붯֣ϾⳡսԲ뻹ǺΣյģҲֻΧ
Ȼ˵ɱ޹ǰղɱ䣡ʯɫһ˫Ŀ΢΢죬˫ȭգڹ°͸°ʹ죬һħ

ۼŰ֮Уһóսߺһȭʯһѿڶ漴һȭͷ­֮ϣȻ㲻׼
ȻԼ֮ģֻͷ­֮Ϲϼһһ⣬ͷ­˲ɸһĹͭɫ
ء
죬һȭصĺʯಿλֻǵһع֮˲һĿ˿ʯ¶֮ɫ
ʯǹѪ⣬ȭͷϽ˸Լһȭ֮ʣʯ״̬ҳһȭ˶Էͷ­֮ϡ
һͷǵѶ֮ƾƮɢ
৵һ
ʯֱɫϯ˲佫廯ΪһɻɢգҽжδǷɻ
ʲô
ôܣ
Ϲ֮Ƕ֣𾪵Ըӣʥϣ˼һԱȥֱЦͬʱҲʯʵ𾪲ѡ
ʯմȾߵѪɫַ񣬸û˵ľȣ»һ߿ȥ
ûйֳĴ򶷣ѹեǱʯȫϿ֮Ƽֱʮ
ã̫֮ǿԶ̹Ӧ֮УһߵһĶͷһֻɴСľЫְա
Ыһ֣ɢһɿֲѹԶеҶɫһףֻǱǸоռһЩԴϢ
ǷȼϣҲ׷ɫһͣʯ֮ǿǹͨ϶ڳκһϡ
һ
кȻһ޽â˸ܿռ΢΢ŤҼ£ʯֳ־޽ǰһӡ
ವһ޽ȻֶӭնӴֲľЫֻ৵һ޽ȻޱȵĽЫһΪ
û뵽˽ӵûüֵֵǱѸײڶ֮Ƶ޽һ룬Ҳϸǵ滯Ϊҽ
УʧʥϣңʥϳԱڳ޲𾪣ֻʯ״̬ƺҪɱڳˣû˼Ļᡣ
ϣһϣȽħͷɱ˵֮Уһ߼æһ˷׷׷֣ʮʣµϣһսʯ
أ
һʯ˫ַǰ漴ڶͷĸ׹𣬾ȻΪһʮɴСʯʯԳԳľ޴
ǰ֮֮ʯԬ
ۼͬʱʯһŭ𣬾ȻӲĺһȭɣԼҲŵŵŵĵ߰˲ֱѪֱ
ԳѪȾ죬Ķħһ㣬˴ĵеη壬ʯԬ˫һţ˫Ȼһ棡
⣡
ʯ³һ⡯ֻ֣һܿռ䵱Ϊ֮һ˲䱻Ƭĺ֣Բʮﱻһźû
ɫޱȣҹӣΪֲǣ˾֪Ҳܵѹƣ񱻽ĳƬڿռһ㣬ֻһĲҽںڴޱȣһЩֺη壡


߰ٶʮ 
߽紦
ɫУһǺҽϣ֮ʱһײĹϼ͸
ɫѣһƺߣںɫ֮дʱںڽһѪת˲Ǳû
żȻںɫڳһѪһֵİɫӰ漴ǱһֻʮɴСɫ˸ĺӣһȭ˻ȥ
ɫԽϡ裬ҽҲٴֻһŭһɫɫȻһ漴ʼɢ
ಣ
һֻϰӰԼһŻҺɫţںɫڿԶ߿ɲѣǵٶȿЩֻϰӰݣѾȫѪǣֻȴ˫Ŀ֮ŨŨĿ־壡
৵һ
ɫһ¶ĳɫ԰ײѵķϿסҶѪڵһ
ʯԬҹһΪʯӣߵһһҪȥ׷
ְɡȻ˵
ʯѣδʯ˵Բǰô㣬гŨŨη빧
ʯһֿۣ˿ֱԵ漴ŷڵߣ
ʯ˵꣬һҷۣһҶ˷ۣ漴ϱǲٿطۣԶȥ
վڵ㶵ĿʯŬŬ죬ȴû˵ʲôԥƬ̣ݹһԶȥ
ƬռҲڻָĺʲôҲûзһ㣬ֻһƬǽĵ棬ƺ֤һвã
˭Ҳûз֣ʯʧӰֱ֮ԵʯɨĳȻһŤһŰ£еȵķꡣ
ΪĿǣ˶ͷһź룬ȥ޶ֹ죡
ɫصĿ˿սŴֿ˿ʯ˷ߵķͷϲ亹ɫҲǲҰײѣ·𼴱ԶӣҲܵ˴սĲƲᡣ
΢ԥƬ̣˵һȡһö

Եһҷ۴һƬɽ鸮ȥ
ϣɫ԰ףһϢ鸡ǼڲٿŷۣΪҶ̫أѾʳ˵ҩϢ
ʯǻصһĿֻȴһ˿ɻ֮ɫһϢҲ֮ǰô
֣֮ǰʩչ쾭ȴܹսĴôô̵ʱڻָ֮죿ʯüһ˿⡣
սϣʯ֪ΪΣָ죬ԼȡڤڤʯָϢ
ʯϢҲҪϵϴָٶˣϴǻָٶȸ죬˶ս֮УɾǾ޴ơ
˫ʵ൱ӲҲܰѶԷԷԼʵǿһЩԼʩչܹҲܶʩչΣʤҲĴ
ֻ׽޷ãϸӦʱԾָ죬ɵϸӦ仯ʱ˿ûзԴƺͲһ
ʯһ·һֱЩ֣˺üΣҲûҵԭо˵ʵ벻ףʯֻò¡
ĬƬ̣ʯ˿ԶɫЩӣԺиֳű־ӣÿÿʯ絶ȴֻ֮ȥ
˦˦ͷʯ񣬱ĿϢãϲŻָƽȥ߰ķ֮£
Ƭ̺ʯģڲٿطۣҶȻڻָϢƼصӡ
ϣƿط۰ɣȥϢһᣡʯѾָ߰˰ˣһֱڼֲٿطۡ
ˣʯѺúϢǣһҪʯѵֵСڶʯĹɲ֮ǰֱ棬ǷĵĹ
ݾηѾԽ˶ʥ۹ľηϾû֪ʵΣǼʯչġ
Ҫʯ˿͹ˣ
ˣϿһָܸΪϢʯִⲻϣҲûٶ˵
ָܸΪһ㶣ϸãҡͷʯѿɷϸһĳЩ̫ס
⡭ʯǲϸ˵ԼҲ˵̫ףһ֮ڤڤܹ֮Ӧõϸȴʧ٣ǹߴ洦
ĳδҲû˵ʯѻָ죬ĪǡʯһϢѾָ˸ţһԽʯɲ⡣
Ҳ˵̫ˣԺоɣʯտڲԣɻأ˷սȻΪ״̬Щʧء
ǼԼԭʵҲǿһȭһϣһйӰնɱһȻԼֻһ뷨ǾɱɱɱΪԼʲôڤڤǹͻԼԼɣ
Ҫ˵ɺϣΪԼִɱߣʩչȻԼԸĴﵽһɱأʯԽԽңֻҡҡͷ
֪䣬۵鸮ΧڣʯۣҶȻ޷սɶȷʵûʲô⣬ʯ·֮£鸮һ˼ң
ƵѿڣǰʯֱӳԺӺһ¡¡͸ƴͥԺʯûӲҲûжܣȴһ䱸֮ɫ
ʯѣ㾹Ȼпչ롣棬Ʒ磬Լѩ˳ӭӣѩǣһСкȥ߰ңòƷмơ
ǣʯ˿Сޡ
ʯѣǵĺӣݣҿ룡Ʒ缱æʯһֵӣ·ϱ߽߱ܣܿϤ
ˣôˣѵҲ˸ǣƼҴһױһ䡣
ʥˣ²ҲգƵѣȰżסһ°ɡ˶٣ʯ˿СкЦеĵݣ

ʥĳ侲ڣ
վڵ棬ͷɫӣȦ΢죬˾ͽ϶ڶ棬ĿĿ
㲻Ϊʦɣ˾ͽ˵
ᣬԸðᣬҲܿʦⷨ̾һ
ʯߵĻ˳ɣ˾ͽϿ˿
ߣߡ˵
ʲôĪ˾ͽ˫ĿһУһâһţҲգЩҪˣҪǰ̬ʯѣʥܸ֤ʯں޹ϸ
һⷨǸϼһҲ鷳˾ϷҲΣأʥָ֮ơ
ҪǲôҶܵǣʱȫѱһ㲻ԼҲΪʦһϾ֮ǰС̫ˣ
ǵʦˣԵһᱨʦݴֻҪ֤ʲôҲⷨץסʦκΰѱ˵꣬вЩ࣬絶һʹ


߰ٶʮ߻ 
鸮ƼҸ
ֵϣʯƷ˸մһ̳Ʒ۾ֱ߲ˣԶһȣòŮ
ιŮסﰡƷ˵ᱡ
вŮһûƷתߡ
ιҿơƷĻû˵꣬Ǳʯһס
СѩӣȻôĶ⣿Ҫѩ֪㲻ɱ㣿ʯֻ˵ҩɲڴ϶ˡ
ûû£㲻˵Ҳ˵˭֪˵ˣҲ˵񫣬ԴӴ֮ھûŮޡ¯ûСƷƲƲ졣
Ӷôˣ㻹ǺúչźӰɣ˰¾ͱЩûõģʯ֮صƼңȴֶˡ
ֱǹۡǿϹ֡콹ԭ֮ףֻǺͶʯ̣ƼҹϵǳҲ
ףĸˣʯ˿ˣƷֱӸ͵ҩȥˡ
˵ʯǰϹû뵽ʯʱ͡Ϲ˵꣬˷׷׿˼䡣
֮ǰʢ˶࣬ʯĳдܻ¡ʯЦЦʱûʲô£˵ͨʥ٣֪λǰ
Ī˵ͨʥ֡ǶȥϾģûҪȥðգʲôöԼĹزϽ΢Ц
֣ʯɻĿ˿ۡ
ʯ֪һյأ˵ǴҲһյΪϻȣ࣬ûʲôôȥ˻Ŀܡ
簲ȵ⣬˵һЩϳ˻ɫ˵ǻ޺У泣һЩƣһס룬ʵΣա콹ЦЦ
Ŷԭˣϻڴȴʽ򡣡ʯ˵ͷȷǰҲй̽յľǺˡ
ϾԲƸΪĿ꣬ͨͬһЩȨΪĿ꣬Щյؾ˵ӣЩɢΪ˻ԵҲðա
ĸһﻹСģһЦǡ֡Ҳ˵٣Ϸ֪һܵء
ŶƵѴЩ⡣
ǵǣ۽һǵСʱƼһЩǰУõ˻ǴܵصĵͼȺ󼸴δǿʧܡ
һθȫûЩƼҴӴһ겻񣬴Ӵ֮ҸƼڲȥ̽գȻŬչ˽յĳɾ͡
Ŷô˵ǴܵӦú֪ˣʯȤ˵
Ͼ־ͺ˽ȥǴַܵǳңʵڲ࣬ҲûʲôôƼұҾ׶ľ
ˣƵѼȻȥǿɷǷݵͼʯĳ˵棬ҵһЩȤʯһϻڵܵأγ˵֪
⡭üԥ֮ɫ
ûϵǲͰˣʯ΢Цİ˰֡
ʯǧᡣɫһĳСֻǵʯѵİΣ˵ʵʯڵʵҪ÷Ҫ꣬ҪʲôֻҪһſھ˰£ֺαԼȥðգ
ʯҡͷ̾Ϣûдﵽָ߶ȣŻĽҵݵλĽӵеһУʵĽģҲյģ׷ģҲʱġ
ȻǺףӡǿϸƷζ仰
ҲգȻʯ׷ĳȻСһ˵ҲûʲôãֻʯѻǲҪçײöЩ˹ȥ̽һ˵ֶ꣬һöʯ
ǺǣȻ˵ǰΣգ˹ȥʯĳԼȥȻڴ˹ȥסʯɲµڻң仰Ҳڳд
ʯһϢָ۷״̬׼ͨʥ֮ǰȥǴܵؿδȻҪ棬Ǳʯ
Ϲֵ˶˱ʯҲʯνո˵ʯһЩΣҲ壬׼֮һǰܵء
뿪Ƽ֮ʯ׸ĵͼָʾ߰ʱ䣬һƬߵĹֱԵͣ
ǻ֣ʯ˿ǰƬ׳۵Ĺ֡
һƬռнشССҲ߰ŸߣһɺϢȻ濴кΣգʯȻܸоδ֪Σ
󣡡ʯ֪ǰһɨ漴Ż˹ȥģ֮󣬱ǳû֮
ڵʯһδ֪ȥһҵйصϢߵõһֱƽӹȥ裬ͷҪΪݹǡ
ս֮߰ʯ㷢ǰ԰ָߴܼڱ˲٣ҳһЩİɫ
ʯһҲǷжżһֻͽޣҲĶӣʯһ·Ϸǳ˳
ʯٴοһ۵ͼ
һʱ䣬Ӧþ͵óܶ˰ɣ·ǵΣգЩֶ·һ·ҲʹǶˣʯЦЦ漴·
Ȼв۵ޣֻʯһ·쳣˳Ȼû̫ޣżмֻʵǿѧޣʯֻϢһţ׽ߡ
żҲǲƲûеͼϼصôΣգʯãΣߵ·̣ûй˵ĻطΣա
Ҳߴ·˰ɣʯƲƲ·֪Ҳʱţʲô
գһʯ˵ͼעĸǰԶóܶѨ࣬ʯ֪ͣãҲûиӦʲôϢ
һ˿죡
ʯϢת֪ʩչ֮£ԶȥȻܾưȫʯȻСĽֱһʱ֮󣬲˵ͼλãҲǸܶѨ
ֻڶѨĸˣƺоʲôŶָָ㡣
ʯ֮󣬽Լʯ𾪵ǣ֮ǰȻ˿ûзĸ˴ڣֱſԷҲԼ
ң֮λʯʶһ˱һ۵ĳϣһŰɫ۵ϹӦþˡ
ˣһһʮ߽꣬ɣ׳˶һͨɫ˫ֵһ
һݣͷߣԵЩϸɱȻ΢Ц̺֮ᣬڶԵɻĿʯ
Сӣôܵˣһɸֵ˵
ٺ٣¿ɹֲˣԼδ䣬ֻϹһΣԭʧͬһʱ䣬ʯֻ󲨶һϹǳʯ


߰ٶʮ˻ ɾ
ϹԼĺ·ʯ˫Ŀһǰ˻֪ǵѣȻʶİˣܺϹһ޾ɫˣʯҲͨ
ǰԼһεĳϣ˷ʯҲұ֤ԼϹ˼˭ܲµ͸
ԹһصʥòҪϹ絭˵
ǰ۹ʯʵ
Сʵģǲۻ˭ɫĿƲƲ죬ʯԣһ
৵һ
۸׼֣һģǳʯǰ
ǺǣϹô۸СϿ˿ʯüСҲǣô㶼Լ
ʯЩһѪ㵱Ը𣿲ֲ˵ʲôֻÿЦҡͷ
ϣ㲻Ҫ£ϴεĳŵ˵֮顣ɫһ
⡭ü漴һЦϴο˵ֻҪǰôҲˣֱײôܲܣ
㡭ۼ׼ɫȻˣǾ͹ֲϷˣۿ˿Ѩˡ
Х죬ɷʱסϣۿɫĿӡ
Х󺺿ڣϱ¶һ˿ŭ⣺ϹôǺڷʥҲǳͬڣ㾹Ȼ˶Ըңߣѵˡ֮ҡ
ԣ۽һĬãƺԻ֮кļɵֻʯЩɻνĻ֮ʲô˼
Ƭ̣۱һߣңʥڷѷѣҪó¶˵Ҿð׵ѰæΣ˭ǻ飿
»ȳ˵ǱХ󺺲ˡ
ЦϹԼˣ飬ĳᣬǴԽԽãһһХ˵꣬νʼ磡
ǿڵϹ˰ɣХڿЦʯ˵лԵסΪһʵ
üߣҪס̸ףǿҪСɫתΪʵ۳һɫС
ֻӵʩչ塯Ա˳ͬһػ겻𣬵ֵסϽʱĽ˺֮ڱ罫˺顣
֮ҵ޷ҲϽ֮ˣҪ׾ͱҪ۳ûУ㻹
ҽҲȱһͨʥҲҲͺˣûз֮Ҳֻݹˡ
ʯ˫ĿһԼ޷ףǷȱɫΪһɫʯʾɻԼѲɫǵɫȻܿϸ΢ɫΣ˵ȷʵͬ
Ī˵壬ָǽɫ⣿ʯ˵ҡҡͷоԼĻȻЩ⣬ȱ˵ĻǿЩ»ﲻֵ
ΨһĿܣԼֻ޽ӽͬԼûԪϾ֦Ӱûɫһ㣬˰벽ҲԶȳҪ
ȻЩҲֻʯĲ²⣬Ϲ̸ʯ˽˲ڵ飬ֻϢеʯҪúĥǣεõ
ߣûԺûУĳֻһ仰ҪĳӦңҪȥԸͲضѨǽȵǣУΪХһסңǼ˳ĳҲٽ½һ塣ɫһ塣
ضѨ˽ȵǣϹЩɡ
ХһЦ½һ壿ЦϹҪǸͶˣƣǾǷһ죬ͽɧǵڻңҲǲٸ߽װɣ
Ȼ޷Ǻڷ̣Ա֮´֪࣬İϧϹѱ䣬ռ춫Ϊ֮
Ե궫֮ѡʵԼպÿĹ칦ͨ򶫺ˮ½죬ĸҷʱֻҪ壬ˣ˸İХЦһ
ԣ۽һԶЩɵǸǰζ֮ѣʯ˫Ŀ΢еĿˣ˽һЩΪ֪ʷǲ֪ʲôͨרſ塣
˿еѣʵǷȻ˶Щɵӡ
һɺԣһŭȴһֱûпڵĸͷߣμݣԵЩϸĲɱŭӰХ졣
Х죬ݵúԣҾʱѱ䣿ݸһȣ򶫺٣ƽֻŮѧʫﻹжİֱǻҪһ鶪ܲƷ
ХЦЦϹҿǿѵġɾͫ˰ɣԲŴ췴֮λֺα˵˹ûʣ
ʲôô֪ɾͫ飿ݸɫ΢䣬ɲĿŰХ졣
ĳ㻹Щ˽ϵһ򲻴Ȼ֪ǿͨǼ򵥵Ĺһɾ֮ͫ
˵Ͻң߽綼һ˲õıֻǰĳʲôʱ½ͨսһϽӵɾͫ˵п֮Чĳ˵ĿɶԣХһЩĿݸӾ
ʯɫһϽ˴սͨ٣Ϊˣ˵ӣ֮ǰ̸Ц´α
Ҫ׼ֽܶѨʱܷò֮壬ڲҲлңǰİˣˮ½λˡ
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˫ĿһУԭˣȻϽ֮һּ򵥵Ĺֲõڷ֣ǿ롮Ϲƽ֣Ϊ˱췴廹ǲ֪ܡ
Ȼλ𲢲֪Ļ
ܣ˫Ŀһɣ嶼Ϊһʥ֮ݣ췴ɱǰιҾΪ˱췴ɱкβͬ
ںԣ۲Ȼŭ
ߣǷ˵ЦȻ֪ˣҲͲʲôˣɾͫϽһλɵ֮˱ϽʮֻĿ۳Ĳ
Ϊǿ󣬵ֻܸʹã޷ʹãҶп֮ЧԵϽЯһֻɳޣɾͫϡ
߽սɾͫϽˣ裿㣬ڷʥͬڡʯоϢ̫һʱƬ̾


߰ٶʮŻ Ӳ
ɾͫȻϽӵ֮ᴫɻ
ХһǺǣ㵱ôҪ壬ᶯôͨʵһһֱഫ
ͬʥڷ̵һЩ⹦ҲϽã˭֪ʲôͨ
ֻǵϽսһ֮ãղŵ½֮ͨ任ҲԸӦϽܵش;ƿ֮ʣŽ壬Ϊ˴֮
ֻܷʹãĳͲˣʱûţ̸£ҲûжʣȷǱ޷ʹã
ȻȻ²֪أҲʵ飬һҪͻᱻɻңĿǡ
ХЦȻɱ㣬ûõɾͫȻĻˮһ½һ˰ɣ
ͬ壬˶㣿˵ɾֻͫп֮Ч岢̫ãԸҲûʲôãȻΧס㣬ҲûֻɱǱˡҡͷϧ
ˣһ㶡
Ҳ޷Ѿ;ƿݣǿ϶ģֻϧɾͫӴȫޣҲ֪Ϲ˻Ǵ˷Ĺ
ûߣɾͫҵõϹʥ˰ȣƿɾͫȻ˺һ塣һȻ˵
۽һֲǰЩ꺣һ˰ӲַʥϲǺһֱѰɾͫ
Ϊ䵽Ҳ޷ʹãǵûŽ壬Ƕʥչ͹Ӧ㷭ûҵ׼Ѱɾͫɣ˵꣬ɫһ
ΣɾͫҲòϣҪǣǸ߶֮ʶʲôӣ㱻ҲᵱͨƷ
ϣֻҾϹˣֻǲܰסϣ˵Ҫ¶ǣЦ
ߵǼʵ޼ƾһ֮ңƺ˵㣬׵ѿɲ¡
΢΢һЦХ죬Ӧ֣һԸϲǡ
Хʼ磺ûнû˿Ķսĳô˵ڲ֮£ҸŴʲô֣ôһһХƲƲ졣
״ʯ˿ӰХǲ׼˻ˮҲ΢΢һЦü
Ƭ̣촽΢֮£ֱӸХ촫˵ʲôλȴǲ
ߣҪȰ˵ĳ˻ˮҪΪԼƲⶴƣĳһ֣ǽƻ壬ҶĴХҲ˵ֻ޷
ٺ٣һ׵ѣϸ룬ϼȻôںСȻ˶۾ƫƫسϡ
һۻɱС֮Ǳֲ֮£ǳ϶Ȼ۷ʱڷʥһսȻ֮ʱԳܾ˵ʱչȫ淴ˣһǬԪ½
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ˢˢ
Хһֱ˳ǰһ㲻֣ǾͿֵļƣҪ붯֣ͻƲ˵ķ
ҪɱʯжףǲǷ֮֮£Ҳʲôʱ䡣
Ϲ˻֮ңҪԷٲźãüͷһ壬ԼţҲΪԼһжֻóʯεʼ硣
ϲ֣ХȻó֣ûнĶս壡
ٺ٣СӣӲ˰ɣۿԶʯмǰХ죬ˣȻ벻ʯȴ۵ħơ
ʯһȻԼڷԪмûж֣ȴûԴ󵽿ԶսһҪ۶սһҪ취ߣһǸХҲԸԼǿ϶С
ವһ
ŰХ˲һģ֮³嵽۸̧־һȭǺСӣӵȴʱ
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ȴû˿֮ɫһ¶֮ɫһߣŲæ֣Զһġ
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ʯȻӲĴ˻ƶݷֶ֮һ֮µʮ֮ԶɫҲ΢΢иǾ岻ѣԼƶݷȫʩչͷһܱ;ϣֱ˼顣
ӳϷģ㻹˵㣡һ漴̤һ˲ʯɶȥ
ϼĸɵûа취ХȻûж֣Ҳ޷ȥæ
۳嵽ʯһƳʯͷ­ȥʯ˫ĿһһʢӲӵȭͷƺȥ
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ңҲûյʲô˺
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ʯ׼ٶȳֵʱǰȻһŴĿâ漴ΪһƬ𺣣ܿռ伫£˲仯Ϊںɫֲݻƺ󵱼ȼ
ףȻ𣿡۴ֲ֮£źһһ棬ɫȻմȾ˻⣬ȴҲûʲô˺
ɫһʧʯӰҲʧԶȻҼ䲻ϧýٴδ߶˻ƶݷӶݡ
ɫһ˿Զĳת׿˿ضѨĿڳϡ
𣺡ѷģһƿһѰ
ʱ䳤ǿɵȲˣХʼ硣
üǵĻҲţҪ̫ԶǶͻȻѣǳĳ϶뿪˵أԼҲǽȥѰߣú룡
ǿ˿ڣֿ˿ʯͷҲص˫ĿһߣԪԲϷȥò˶ãһҲҪĶԸϡԱϣһģʧ


߰ʮ ħն
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ԭСĽɫƣȻΪңұ鲼Ѻ۹ϼƻţʯһĶȥ
ʯɫһԭزĻӳһȭһʯ˫һΣŵŵŵĵ߰˲֮࣬ŽǽɫƳ׻١
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޽һʢĽɫ˿ΪɫԴ͸ֻȴûжϿǽɫ˿Ƶø޽ȵؽ˰գԶֺ
״ʯͫһۼǹӽԼ
һ˦һâ漴ΪһֻɫСӭ籩±Сɫǹֵȥ
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ûצץסǹͷڰջˣֻǺѣǱɫǹ͸ɫСһҽУ漴ΪһƬɫ𺣣ϯȥ
;иǽӰĽɫ˿ҲϣӰҲۼ
ʱʯȴǴĵһΣоǳǹ֮ɢӴѹʧ֮ʯɫͻɫǹһˡ
ǵֵƬ̶ѣɫͻǺȻһѶɫǹֱҡ֮ܵ
ʯʩչͨǳǹҲСһȦѣܲնʯ۷ŴҲû취ϾʱȣʵʯĲ𣬱սپ
ȻʱһХǱ߾пܷʡ
ʯͫһоȫʩչĿǰԼǺѵֵǹ̫ʯ˫һ̤棬˫Űһš
⣡
ʯ³һ⡯֣һܿռ䵱Ϊ֮һ˲䱻Ƭĺ֣Բʮﱻһźû
ɫޱȣҹӣ֪ҲѹƣۻûüӦα˲䱻û
ףʲôΪһʥ⹦Ĳоֲ̫񣬲ǲֻϧ㾳ֱ̫ͣ˿̣۲֪ԼСʯ
֮УһʵܵСѹƣһɫƹ׵ֱֵֻѹֵĸоܲƺʵ޷һ㡣
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Ƭ֮ڣɲʲôӦȻ֪ЩģܸӦɫǹڣʯ޷ֵ
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һ
ռһڣ䵶ƺں֮еõһ㣬ӭ籩ǻΪСʯɫһףԴ߶
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״۽һδıȻǹһڱƣܲģ
׼ֵֵ֮ʣʯкȻһƺߣкɫ䵶΢΢һȻͣƺʯһ
ʲô⡭Ͻ֮Сӣõģ
Щɲ漴Ǽ챦ɫϲаˣֻԼ¾Բκ֪˱ߡ
ʯʩչĹ뱦Ҳʵ۵ϡ
ʯûлشκ⣬ɫصĶۣгһ˿ɻü㾹ȻͷԸң
ʲô˫ĿȻһɣһ仰֮ƺȿǼҪ𾪡
㡭ôܿóı壿ĪҲ˾磿ɫ𾪵㵽ʲôˣ˭
ۺȻþɲ֪ΪΣȻһ˿ɻ
˭ҪҪǣƺҪȥѰˣʱһã³Ҳ뿪ʯ˵껰˼֮ʣٿرͷһ䱸Զٶߣû֮ڡ
л֮ɫɢȥܺʧ˫ĿһУ˿Զʯʧķֿ˿ضѨ
СӻЩֶΣǼһϽ֮һ˷ܵ˵ֻҪõ챦ܻϼһ
ۼҲգȻȥϻϣХһ﷭һǶѨǽȵǾ͵òʧˡ
С챦ʱڿԵ֣ʱһһҲ챦䵽˭Ͽɾ˵ˣ
˵գ۶ݹһضѨȥڼЩʵĻͷ˿ʯߵķȻЩɻ󣬲֪ʯΪܿı塣
˿̵ʯѷɵԶһѪȻǿд߶ħնɲСȴЩϲ̽ۿе֪Ǿͷߡ
˵¾ǶǻоͷߣǸ㡭ʯһ˿ƣȴЩ


߰ʮһ 
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ȻʯҲԼսսһµʶȻ޷濹Ϲ֣Ǵڶϻȣһǿ˲٣ٲ޵ֿ
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ϲͼƶõͼ˵źɫԲ飬νɾͫˣʯɫЩء
Щ֣˵п֮Ч޷ʹãؽΪҵģû
ѵǻûɾͫΪֻʹãרſ壿ԼҲ便˭սʯŪ֮ʼվһС
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ʯ̾ϢһҪõٿֻ֮ȥҾˣϾԼҲ˵˻ʹô
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Ϣ˰£֮£ʯƷй䣬ûѩߣƷַë
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Ʒ˸߲ҵش·ʯȻͣ
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Щ˶һͬ㣬ǱȾ֢ҽҩģֻ˻𱬵ҽݺټûС
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ⷨϴ˵ʹʱܰȫʱ䳤˾Ͳˣ˵Ҫͱʯһȥ
˵ʯһһʯѸҴǰȥʹˣ߰Ǳʹɡ
ʯһΣһƨϣ˫ĿЩʧ
ȻϴζԼ飬ʯ޷壬Լ磬һ˼ľԼõģҲԸԼŶӣʯԱŮӡ
һϴԴǣʯһ˲ĳɣűɫһ˫Ŀâһ
ʯԸпԣҲԸ˻˶ԴԼ⣬˵Ρ
ãⷨһһǰȥʹԲκˣҪó㰮˵֤ݣʯЦǱһ֣Ϳܱⷨɱ
ʯѣҲȥǸȦףⷨ϶᲼޵㣬ϴ飬ֺαǰȥðգȥ˻ʹʯԼҲ߲ˣһ˵


߰ʮ ˫
ʹ
һϣϲɫϹϼתŶá
ⷨ϶֮ϣһЦĿ
ʥӦսôʱܳˣü
ߣھ綼æͨʥ飬ЩԹѾŵһߣѾԼãһڲῪսˣ㲻õġⷨЦ
㲻ð׷˼ˣҵġ̾ϢֻԼ˾ͽ֪ϴϷϾʯڹ
Ƭ̺ⷨյ˷ϵĴš
ٺ٣ʯȻں㣬Ĵŷţ֤ϣʯ÷֪ͨҲҪò˶ãͻˡⷨһ
㱰ɣΪҪҪЮѣʥ϶֤ƾʲôץңü΢塣
ߣ浱Ϸǰ׳ղɣӣƺڹĲ֪飡ⷨϾɲ˵
ʲô֪飿ѵû˵밢ѣЩɻ
ǰϲǱ˾ͽöѣⷨһߣǰ˸ϼһƽʱҶ벻˾ͽҪҸɵʯ˵һ
ϸţ޷ǻˮ㣬׼ܸɵãɲʯҲûʲôʧ˾ͽװʯѣ޷ڱ㣬˵ڱⷨһһٵ˵
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ⷨ˫ĿһУӦ˵ǰιɣǸڷͨ鷭ʥʥˣĸףǵ©֮㣡
ʲô˫Ŀһɣ˵֣СڹŻ壬ûʥһɺԡᶨص
ԵǺ˵㼸⣬˾ͽһ򲻺Ե⵭Ϊƫƫôã
УΪ˾ͽôɣڹŻΪͽ˾ͽΪ˱㣬װʯѣϧʥΪۣԱ˾ͽûôá
ΪǳڹŻ壿ϷȻû֤ݣҿԸ㣬˲ֻϧԪԲ
ٺ٣ССĹŻǲԻΪɺ𣿶Ż㸸ĸϤһˣȫʧȥˣڷ˵ɺ𣿡ⷨЦ
ܣһģƭˣŭʵڲŴ£Լʮ꣬һֱΪԼĵطôǼٵģ
Ȼ˾ͽҲڼңǵһһҲϷ֮У㼸θʯţû˾ͽæ֪ͨʯ˾ͽҪΪ˰飬ȥʯһˣ
㲻Ӧýǵ©֮㣬żҾʥżҾȴǲⶾ֣ɱϼһģڿӦþ˾ͽˣһٶȥˣҪҵˣⷨϺ
ģģЩľ˵Ȼ޷˵ͷͷǵȻţֻеҡ
ⷨĬǺ˼ʱţܿ쵽ϣ
ף𣿡ⷨ˫Ŀһ˿ſڡ
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㣬û°ɣʯæǰ
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ߣⷨѾ޵㣡ⷨһöϣ޷˵仰
£һȥʯ˿˫ĿһУ¶˼֮ɫ
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ȻϷʱ˵ٻⷨЦЦ
ʯһһöһöУ״żǽ֮ɫⷨǹЦʯĶ
৵һ
Ȼ䣬ڴڳһâһ죬ǽâǺ׵ײؿǰѷɽ֮ϡ
ɽײ֮ǽâΧһȦžһɫ䣬һЩҲȥ
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ʲôǡⷨɫ΢䡣
Ǻǣ⼸öʯĳŵģȾʯĳԼסϼһҲܷŹ㡣ʯһߡ
㣬û°ɣʯС֡
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Ǹ˵һ棬ΪǾӵóȥΧⷨһ£ôȺ
ЩһŰ£ɫȻǷԪԲڣһɨнǧ˵ӣһϢۺȻͨϡ
һܴʮܴһٸҵҪһ˵£Ƿܴһǧߣⷨ䣬źȻһرա
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ɫһ䣬һǧ˶֣Լ֮ĿҲҪֻʯû̫š
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ˢһ£һâһ֮ĺȻΪһֻʮɴСȻʯͷϣƤͬɿݵƤһ㣬о޴ᣬ׺Ӵ󣬳һֺϢ
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ʲôǣ顢ޣⷨɫһ䣡
ٺ٣еʶʯ˿飺Сһþò֪ʵôˣͷȱȣˣһһС飬һ͸ҷſ˸ɣ
䣬ʯһâ漴ΪһֻɫСòȻ޼ֻëǽɫǴɫ¶ȼֲС鿴һһ㶵ģ
ۣ֨֨
鿴˿ޣֿ˿飬ʾĽһαʮңһӵĿźޣ漴ȺһͨҧȺҽ
ǻΪһƬ𺣣ûֻһҽžȣһǧ˵Ķ飬ʱھȻ˫Ŀ޵ϴ


߰ʮ չ˾ͽ
ʹڣ˿һţ
ʥǧ˵Ķ飬˫Ǳ黯һƬ𺣣˲ò⣬ʩչˮԼֵͨûմȾֺ
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ͬһ㣬˵ʲôʱ򣬳ĸطֱ˷ʤˣͬħһ־塣
С飬ȻΪʮɾ޴󣬵Կ治ǺܱȵģϴһҧһһצӰĸɥڻ֮ڣ󻹲ʱ֨֨۽иͣһͷƤ顣
Ȼ̫˫׾ֲĹԼһӲܣ治˫ܱȵġ
޾һվһʱҲ˺ǼӲƤҪɴֱײҹ
͵Ϯһצץһߣһȥ屬ѣء
Ǻĳβνľսһ̿ǳβһߣһˢһ¾ͳұһӰֱһ±﹥βһ˦ͿԻʯûٳⳤβĿͷ
֮£˫Ϊ˴ڵʯȻܻϮһֱڴſڣſϵ󷨡
п˵ߣҲ͵ϮڹսȫޣֻҪһ˽Է
ϵĽƵǼӲޱȣʯԺüҲ޷ƳҪ˵֮ȷʵóֽʱ̣ûʱϸоʲô
ͷŸײʯ˰ѺϽԼǺ䲻Žˣ漴кһ
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𶯵ֱŽǰֱӣֻʴǰȻŷһģϱеĹԼһŽƵѶ
صһ졣
ȴŵķɣӴղסԣһĵĳ˴ʯɫһϲæ˳ȥ
С鲻кǸ˳˻ʹо޴Ĺ㳡ϡ
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㻹ӲϷģ˶ĻʹѱϷ޵ѷɣⷨǱĳ߰ˣʣµĲʧȥս˴֮С
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ģһȳ˾ͽϣʯɫ֣صĵ˵ͷɽ˺ǿ϶ûˣֻ취ߡ
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޳һ޴˫һչʮɳ̣Ȼһ֮£쭷һӰɶ
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޾޴˫һȣǳ˾ͽϷȥ֮ҲǱһ˼ʮ˿ڣȻû˿ɫ˾ͽϸ˹ȥ
˻ûüֵޱǳһβɣеǱСķɣ棬Ϊһâûʯۡ
˺Ȼ֣˾ͽҲȵ˺޺ϡ
еĺޱȣȻѪ죬¹˫һǹһ磬˿֮ﻹк޵Ӱӣ
ãˣȻ׾ޱȣ׷Ͽ׷һͷĳŭ
ˣٺ٣ǽЩͽץסͺãĲùˡⷨϿʯߣϷǵ¶Ц֮ɫ·һнԤ֮У


߰ʮĻ ˾ͽ֮
ʹ֮ʮﴦ
һȻԽ񷣬ס¹⣬ÿȶ˫ᣬһ쭷磬θ˲ʧһǳԶߡ
ֻȻǺˣһͬһֻ޴Ŀһ㣬Ӱֱɫ΢׵ʯѪ˾ͽϣԼһϢ
ѱʯ𣬽黯ĴָСϣһ˫˫ۣתɨܡ
Ҳ֪ˣҶڵϷԵʣĹϵ˶ûпڣ
ȴǴ˳Ĭ
ʦңŮ˼ܾãʳ⣬ΪԼҲԽúܶطɡ
ⷨ˵ͷͷǵԼʦ˵ƴԼϾζűʥ
˾ͽüһĬã΢΢˫ۣ̾Ϣһ
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ʮʱұȥ㣬뽫ӻʥʱƫƫҪСߣֻܰд֮ĿģгһգΪԼĸױ𣬻ɱܣ˾ͽг˳޵Ĺâ
ߣ˾ͽϷ㲻㾹ȻıﲻһңȻ䣬ԶߴһţһɫӰԶ
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ʲôȻ⵽Ķ֣Ϊ˸ƺӸĸ׷ˡ̥ʮӳ֣ǺŮ֪Ȼͱɱ˾ͽϹҪΪ鸶ۣ
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˾ͽϹ۵һһѪɫɽֱ˾ͽնɫ籣ǺɫɽһӴǱһն롣
Сӳʮצâȴ˿ã³һƬɹϼɫɽ̴βһ˦ҲֻԵֵƬ̣ǱѪɫɽ̴ǼӲĳβһ
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ɱҸףɱʦҪɱ㣡һӣʮＤϯȥϴŨŨĺ⡣
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״üһæٻѪɫɽ漴ַųһƣֵϽ籦ʥ
ͷӣ飬㣡ʯ˵껰Ӧָ˽붨ں޺Զ
޸һ˫һչ߷ɣһģ֮³Զߣ۸Ҫȥ׷ʯһȵס۵ȥ·ҹɫ£ĿӶԳ


߰ʮ Яֹܰ
ĳӰ¹⣬նԳţ
һͷѪɫɽǰһƾתɫݶĮ
һֻһڰκɫ䵶ȴɫأɫ԰ףһϢľ޴󣬿һҲЩӡ
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ֻڵۣƺһЩŭָ˼侲˿ʯͷǺɫ䵶һ˿ɵ
ã㻹ܴ߶Σɫƽʵ
ֻҪס㣬ۼҲƴԣʯᶨ˵
ŶʯֻҪʵʵһصʥҵһ飬ҿԴӦŹʯԤϣɫһ˵
ˣʯЦЦͲ֪ȥʥǷųʱ붯㣬ʯĳûз֮Ҳ޷ˡ
Ϊסңɫ
ʯûпڻشֻɫŵĶֻۣҪһ˿һ춯ʯԥĴ߶ħնȻѾûж
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սŶѹֵʱһˬʵЦ˳ţһɫӰ¹⣬Զģķɵ˸
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··СֵܡסǡϿһʯ漴ǱħնסˣҲŲ۾
⣬ӴϢѹĪһʥϽ֮Ͽħնһ˷ܵ˵
״ʯһãȻϰԼΣ˭ռ֮ģǣʵֲڡ
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ƾʵ֮ƾʲô㷢ֵľ͹㣿ܷ˵붼Ŀڵ
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飬ңҪȥȰ˶˵ûʲô⣬ֻеžӨˮ
Ҳ֪ǵʯΪԼʦ˾ͽֻΪҲ޷֮ǳΪ˶һ㡣
ۣ֨֨
СıȻ˰죬˵㲻ȥȥ˻ᱻϼһһ˵л֮ɫ
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ʱԶһֶƺӦʲôͣŻ⼸֮£˺޺ϡ
âһ¶ʯһƣӰС鵱һһʯļСԴ˲ʯӺܡ
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㣬ûˣһжȥˡʯһѽڻУͬʱ˶¶οЦݡ
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ǣС֣ڹŻйּլЩӣһӣһլĻҳȻ޷ָǰòּҷ򸾣ЩӶį


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ף￪һãӻѸβһλˣԺˣûǮˣļҹõңҲǰ
ʯãǹ۲Ƿβʯǹ۲һЩϰлˣͷǳ˿˿̡
齨Ȼ٣ûŪô£ʯʼЩ档
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ģԭˣû뵽㻹ûﷲҲչˣЩ⣬ʯֻЦЦҲû˵ÿǬԪ½顣
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ȻǵããǰһҳԷҲⱲӵһԷĵطЩ˵
ֻһٶȥˣ˵ȻǸ֣˷ǣȻȴסʯǶõĻ䡣
㣬һЦʯ˹ã˵˼СˣһϾƣȻҲĺһ
طʯӡʶĮԼϢҲõģǾȹԼü

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Сһ˳һ±ǽײתͣһǵĻͷӶСצڽ
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ʲôѣ㶼ߣһһɫᶨ˵꣬ʯٸı·ս


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ҪΪʦ𣬻УΪûĸĸױһҪɱն˵
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ʯ̾Ϣ˾ͽǰ߹ǣʵǵ֮Ů˾ͽϵܾߣֻܣǱⷨˣȻץ
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ȷʵˣ߻˵÷һסһգǺǿ߻ܴȥģҪǸˡ
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Ҫƾǰˣǲ֪ʲô󷨣ҲסǴݲУǡǡԽСԽ뽫ͬʱסɫ
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ǹǱԹΪĿģ󷨵ĴС٣αȥƽʲôĿĴﵽͺãһС͹󷨲УͲʮ
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ҲЩ󷨣ҲҪ٣ʵ㹻ܸ㵽ЩϣҲҪһЩʱ䣬ټϲ󷨣¸ġŻҡͷ
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ɫǾɣȰֳϵ˼ȥܲö٣Ͳö󷨣ϣ߻ֳо󷨣ȻʤǶ۳ϵģ֪λк
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˴֮ãҲûʲôð취һЩźоʯǻص˹իҲ뿪˴
˰ʦʹڽһöʯһֱûǵÿȥһһõ󷨣Ҳó˵꣬ʯӦһӶԲߣ

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ɵȦһ죬ûĸûԼû˾ͽʦûԼĽ죬ŻĸԼҲǶɽȴӰ˼
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ſţȴɴ˫ۣһ֮ɫӷɫҰףǷϵӣֻǰһڣЩ˹ȥ


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ʯ˴Ӧ΢΢һЦԣԺҲأһô˵˵ڶҪ󣡡
Ҫڣû취ҳȥʵڹˣͯ˵꣬˹һЦһҲ֣Ԥ֮С


߰ʮŻ ĺ
ͯ޷ҸɡˣʯѻӦģ߻һЦ
ʯһ㲻ҪüвǰɣڣǸʯĳ㣡
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㣡ֶһֻƿͯһԥƿһڽ˽ȥ
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Сһ´ʯĻһ˵ıȱȻָĳط˼˵Ѿˣһ㡣
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ȷˣʯźСҲʯ
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ʯĵұ˹իĲڿЦʯȦ΢оʹѣ
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Ĭãʯ˿áľʯ˵
죬ʯԭ˲ϢѹסˣŵȫæԼ飬ʯ֮£ҩȣ
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Ǿˣϲһˣǲģθ飬ͷҲҪ˿ѾͷʲôΪ֪ܣ㻹СһЩãص
ʯЦЦǺǣ鷳ˣҲȥˣȻһδε뿪˺ңʯΪһССľĶ²ˣҲκ飬ʲôܣʯĳްϵ
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ˣ˵ڹ飬ӴǻɣˣҵҲøңֻƣ죡ʯɫ
˭һŮһδ˺ƭҲܣ
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ǿҲҲܲһԵɣ˵õģ˵ҵ߾ûа£ҲӰʲôġ
֪ܵˣ˳ȥֻҪԪΪǽڴü󣡡ʯ˵껰۽һ֪ΪΣʯܾýЩŹ֣


߰ʮ ҵ
ܵһǧԲǧԪѾҵļˣ˵
ðɣȶлˣʯɫ
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ʯҡͷЦ
̾ϢһʵҲǸúӣֻǲ֪ΪαųɳʥǱĬرˣ˶ģԼҲһڵʹǰһ𣿡
һʯüô䣬ǰûб䡣
ɣܱ֤˲䣿ҪѶԱ˵ĸ飬ɱ˺Լʱ˳Ȼŵôңһһɳ죬ͷǹ̶ѡ
лʯôˣԺ󲻻ٽ·ϣʯվΣϾŻսңҲ̫á
ߣҴȥ֣˵꣬ǴʯҩȺƬ̼书ǧ˼ϣж־졣
־ʦܣͷһˣ˵꣬־˵ͷ漴ǧˣʯҩȴ͸
ǷſյĴĲһ棿ڻü
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һĶĮ˳漴ĳ׹һһȵŮӰȻ
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˷㱻ⷨܣʯ֣ΣգҲȥ㣬ı磬˵ʯҲǼӺҡ
ΪϹΪĸףΪΪʦҲҪúΪʦĵһ񣬱ɱ۵ĺʯһɱۡ
Ȼ֮ǰҪһְȫĵطڵĶĿɱʯ֮Զ㻹Тģĸ뱨ʦ˽ʯɣ
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޷Ȼǹڣ㲻ҩȵӣҲ˽ģҼҲЩԵİɣҺˣò˶ãһһɫĵʦҦ΢΢һЦ
úúãǾͷҦˡ˶٣˿ڵʲôʱ̬ˣȷľмǲҪ嶯
˵껰˵ͷ̾һת뿪ʯңʯ漴Ҧȡ伮ƽľĴҲǾ

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ʯû㳲һЩ׼ͨʥѰһԵˣֻԲͨԪûд졣
ˣһҲˣлһЩȰ裬ִµִμӣҲ˵ĻԵ
ˣڷˣˣʮ˵Ķ飬ƺƵ뿪˴ֱȥ

Ԫݣ
һƬƽԭ֮ϣۼ߰ˣЩ˷ֳһӪֱⷨʥˣĴƽԲ
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ţһħһ㣬˳ǳáֵ޷԰Ρ
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ȻⲢʯһ·Ͼ˳ǰΪûãʯǱǷԪԲһǷԪ۷塣
һԲͬף´ˣʯܵĻҲСֵط·٣Ǽûлڿġ
ҲЩ˲ԸԭΪ㻹ûȼǱ·֮˸ɱˡ
λÿʯĳŹǣʯ˵껰ЦˣЦʲôЦһ㡣
Сɵˣǰģ
СӣΪǱŴģ
ϻôʲôץְɣֻˣⱻӽɱĶϣһݸ׳˵꣬˱ʯ֡
˼һʩչһһ죬ʯ˹ȥǸ֮ˡ
ʯһߣһ»ವһֱȥ̧־һȭȭͷһ
ǰһ졣
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ǷԪڴ߶ıʯûֻһ߻⣬һʢǽǱﵯɣʯȭͷϽҫһ˵Ĺѡ
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ٺ٣ⶾѪԸʵµ˻治͵ϮЧҲԡʯɨսǼ·
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ٵĴŻٲΧʯҲʯ˳ĳ֣һ·ʽżһЩ˱ΧЩ˶ƴʯҲֻڸɹûʲôȱһ˵
׷ɳֺʯҲֺüӰɳ֣еǳȺӣеǶܰȫ뿪ֵģԲǷ֮
еܴƬ̣ǶݹһļƺĿĿһҲеܿһۣѡһȥ
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ʯ·һƬɫĲݵأЩɫ޵Ļ俪ţʯ˫ĿһȻҽʢϼѾҩ껨
˵꣬ʯ׼ֻ֣Զƿ֮һ붼ĳ껨ȥ
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вʳԭ󷨣֮ЧֻҪ󷨲ϣԶɵýɫƹֽʧѪȡ
ֻҪòѪˣԸҺ޿֮ĶѪ֮ƿش˵ƽ򿪣Ҳֻл˲
Լһͨʥ٣л˴򿪽ƣ˹ƽᱦҩ뱦ﶼҪָһԼѡԼĺܺá
ʱⷨһߣɷĿŰ˹ֻϧץ߻ϣȣл
漴뿪ͨʥܵǬԪ½ңˣлԭպĴͥһҹ֮䳹׻Ϊ˱磬Ϳţ
Ϊⳡ֮ҡ廥ˣұڣҲǴԪ廹׼ҹǬԪ½ʥڷ̷˺ôþŰߡͨʥࡣ
¡̾ϢһʵҲľ֣ЩЩ£еѾҶҲˣΪϢ˵Щ˽֮࣬ԸϾɱ
Ȼ˵ĿĲҪɱ˻ˣֻץԼţǼܲסȻԼòҲöֵõҸɴɱˡ
Բ˻űڵ飬֪µԽԽ٣ҵ˽Լڹ֪£طͺ˼ǵôˣԶǽҲû֪ˡ
˵ǰǬԪ½ҲֹˣҪһ׷һŮޣɲҪΪ̫˵Ѫ֮Ǹɵͽ
ֻǿϧһֱһʱ򱻻ɱ²Ŵ￪ȻЩ֪ŹҪЩȴ֪кá
ҺܶҲô˼ֱ˷ͨʥ٣ҪûлŹ³֣ѪºѴ򿪡
ʯһĿ˿ˣЩ˻֪ΰ飬֪ͬҲлŹ£Լû֪֮ǰСӣȻӵпĵһԿһ
ҪûлŹվǾͲҪ˷ʱˣ¡ѣǺڷ̣˷ûʲô׼ɣֻܿˣⷨ˵˻ֻ֣ǧˣгһӲӵС죬Ȼкֵӣ¡ȴҲǵ˵ͷȡһöɫ


߰ʮһ ͨʥţ
¡ֳɫ漴Űһף
ڷ̷ɳһǧˣһɫȻɫڹעȥ
һ
ɫȻΪһ͸һ㣬ȴɢһֹصϢڳ˲Щ
ʱⷨϴʥ֮ˣһ첼Ѫɫƹܣһ֮Сʧ
ⷨ׳нɫ죬ǧʥ֮תһҴɫ֮ڣХ
ţɫ컯ΪСһɫ˿߼漴Ѫɫܣպ֮ǰõСңңӦ
ԭСĵطۿɼٶȿһɫϷɫ˿ע룬ԽԽ󣬵㻯Ϊߡ
𣡡
ⷨϿһȣֻнɫȻһΣ·ɫͬʱ漴γһɫ֣Ѫɫ
ٺˣƻ̫󣬺ܿ˵λҼ֮󣬽һҪϳֹֻǵͬʱУпƵ󣡡ⷨɫһ˵
ģĳ֪ʱ֣ҸϿ˰ɣ¡˶٣ȫϵʱ򣬴ҲҪЭһ֣⿿֮ǰӦѪ׼ֶΣҲһƵ
û⣬ǻѡʱ֣ʯ˵꣬īҲǵ˵ͷڳԼɢ޸ܾʲô֮Ҳû
˺ڳһĿռ䣬Ҳͬʱ˳׼һһ𹥻е׼ʩչ
¡ⷨ˵ͷ˫ĿһУֳ̧Žɫңңһ㣡
ƣ
¡¡
һҵıȻһҪһ㣬̼ȹֻѪɫֱܽɫֱѿನô
ɫֱϾǸѪɫֱ棬ѪɫּŤΣ
ͬһʱ䣬¡ҲǴһӣɫ͸Ӱһ¾ײ˽ɫƹ֮ϡ
˵ϣɫӰոսӴƹ֣ǵûеײ֮ɫ۵һƹ֮ڡ
ţɫӰȻѪɫڲȻҶâʴѪɫƹ֣ԭŤεĲѪ󣬸ӵŤ
ٳ֣¡һڳ֣׼õĹһԵѪɫƹ֮ϡ
¡¡
һضɽҡı촫ǿ͵ǽѪɫ˺ѳӣһϱڽƹĴҷɡ
ಣ
Ȼ䣬߰˼ϴƹѷ죬һ·ɵ˴ϿĴҷɣԭ鲼ƵѪɫƹ֣ѪɫѪâʢȻȹ
ʲô
ϡϣ
ﱻˣ̫ˣ
ߣǻʲô
˼Щɳʱͺۣڷ̡ʥˮ½塢ƽˡԼɢޣ׷ۺ߰˼˹ȥ
һɫשո䵽һУüˣǱܼʮΪ飬궼ûʣ¡
ţǽɫשŸ߿շȥ߰˵Ӱæ˹ȥǽɫש༸ҲΧһ
أ
һϼѶ˴֣浱һţⷨ¡Ǽ֮ˣҲ׷׼ᱦսš
⼸˿ϵıƺͬһ
һڰƴСɫɽգɢһӴѹԶԪܱȣԶҪصöࡣ
ವһ
Ȼ䣬ⷨϸոսӽɫɽֻңҪץֵʱ򣬺ȻһѪɫӰɫɽײȥǶѪ
ⷨƣʯ»һһģ֮£ǽɫɽץУⷨŭ֮£ʩչ
ʯһһߵֵ༸˵Ĺһ߽С˳̻ΪһֻСĽɫ޺һĻ֮Щ
žž
󲿷ֵֹеǱʯֵסʯ׼ȥⷨϵʱֻصһ죬漴ǽһ
Ҳ֪嶯ʲôȻֶȻ飬ǰצѪεɶصһײѪɫϣѪȾѪɫƹ֣
飡ʯ˫ĿһһæŽ˹ȥС鵲ʱⷨ¡ˣȻ¶֮ɫĶŽ顣
׼ȷ˵ӦǶŽǰצѪҺѪɫֵĵط
ʯ֪ô£ͷɨһۣҲ¶ݣѪҺȾ죬ȻһУȻܹѪɫƹ֮ڡ
󲿷˶
ȥⷨ˵ŻǷʯͬʱͨȥͬһʱ䣬üʯȥ
ۣ֨֨
Сһ֮ڣ漱æʯ֣˶ĬʯȻ֪ٽԼȥ붼һûѪɫֵ֮ڡ
ãƺƿزѪһסģĺ꣬ⷨѾһĳ嵽бԵ
صһ

Ȼ䣬Ⱥ֮к׵ĳһӰܺɫƣĳ඼û壬һƽⷨķ֮˱һ˽֮ڡ
ԽԽСۿű޷׽ȥ¡ȴһϲΪⷨķ˽ȥ֮󣬽¡˺棬ֻѾ̤˽ƹڣ

ವһ£һŰµһٶޱȵĳдһ֮£ǽֿĽ¡ɡ
ǰ֮ڣѪɫƹ΢΢һڳʧʯ֮⣬Ȼû˭ң˵ʵȻ˿ֲ


߰ʮ ͨʥʮ
һƬĿռڣʯգɫصĿŶ棬ǰƯżϣʯȴҲûҶȥá
ʯû뵽Լ֮󣬾ȻӲļ˽Сڹرնûü
ʯǣԼȻȫʶ˻עӣ˭û
һˣһƵǿɫƺҲɣʯǿû˿֮ɫ֮ǿЩˣ
Ȼ㣿ǿŵİ꣬Щɲ
ˣȻǹŻİˣֻжʮӣʯ࣬ʯҲ𾪲ѣùǿʶŻİ
֮ǰæ˺ҳ֣ǿǣû뵽ʯʵ֮ǿʯǣʵȻҲޱǿ˻ɵ˭ٺҳ֣ⱻ֮
ʯһǹŻԼ飬һ˶ѣôܳҿһϢȻǴԲڣһΪϢۺ
Ҫǿг֣ʯΪͬһˣֻòưˣ
ȴ𾪵ģû뵽ǿϳԼʲôˣʶĳ
ߣʥˣϷȻʶ㣡ǿ˵꣬ʯͬʱɫһ䡣
㾹Ȼ֪ʥˣ˫ĿһУ뿪ʥܾˣ֪˲࣬˭
˭ҪǿЦЦʯǺʥгɣȰȻбԴһһ룬Σ
ɫһĿ˿ʯûпڣ
Ƭ̣ʯЦǺǣʯĳԸȥſ͸İҲ㣬˵ԸѡҲѡ㣡
ĬƬ̣ǿһЦ
ĳֻ̽ˣԲֵ飬Ȼû֣ҲǲȰ˽ᣡǿȻһЦ˵Ҳ֪Ǽ٣ҿӺ˽
ʯһЦߣǵ޷׻ܰһԻɣ˵ĺǵõҲŹģöɱ
ǿȴˬһЦԭǼ£㲻عڻ˵ʵҪɱСˣлȥţ
Ҳһֻ뽫ˣʮ޷ָô͵˵ҵ飬Ҳ״ŻҺ£ҪɱǣǿҲڣͬӮһƿԻһĵ
ǿʶʯǿ˵ĻƺЩʯɲŴˣЦ˵Ϊ˱סܲҵ˵ǲǻҪҴˣ
ѾͨʥûҪˣȴȥԺһн¿ʼǿܻ˵Ȼڲ±˵ʲôˡ
λͨʥʱƵģ죬ǰĳҪȡˣͳȥһﶼò˿ļϣ
ǿʯҲɫһ
ǳԪģƺ࣬ƽ־ͺãļϣ֪λкοʯʵ
ǿɫһǿѡ˭Ҳνֻһǿڻʯң
ڻʯʯԣ˿ļϣȻûһԼʶģ֪Ŀڻʯ
ڻʯ˼ƺ˭˵ֲϣ˿˵꣬ûãҲգҲ
ʯüԼ𣬵ҲҪ
ԣȽڻʯɣҪǸϣɾͱˣʯ˵ֻ꣬ǿһЦһͷ­Сīɫණ
ʼʯΪǿɫʯû뵽ڻʯʯ
ʣµģ㣬һͺãǿ˿ˣԶࡣ
˿ǿɫʯڵֻҪҲѡһΪۣ϶㣬Σ
ʯɫһоԼϹûʲô𣬺ʶܶ࣬ԼʲôҲʶںͰǿʯͷҲ֪ʲôá
˼˺ܾãʯεĵ˵ͷԣѡɣ
΢΢һЦѡһȡǿɫʯ֮ʯһӣϱΨһʣµҲʯѡһ
ʣһǿ̧һ㣬Ǽǽ֮ڡ
ȱʯʵûӣΪʯԵĸоЩȻԽԪϽ֮ԶԶԼеħնǿǶʥ
˽бȡϵʱ򣬰кȻöʯ״ͬʱ˫Ŀһ
УССʯܱܿʲôϻҪأŷϽأһƪ⹦ȻҲһЩ֮֮һжпܡ
պöʯһһöˣѯʯǿ
˵֮һֱûԼʯҲûжʣȻкܶɻ󣬵Է˵ԼҲǰʡ
Ҳͬ⣡ʯɫ
ǿȴüδ̫ƴ˰ɣһһƪƪüأǺܳԿ
˼ǣ˿ǿ
ܼ򵥣ҲܹƽӰ֮öʯݷֱʾһǸãƽǿ˵꣬һ˼Ҳ͵ͷͬˣ
ãǾһöʯļأǿ˵꣬ŵһöʯңңһ㣬һɫâ۵һûС
ţֻöʯ΢΢һȻվĿâţǰ׹γһĻģģĳһЩ壬ܿͱ
˫ĿһЩ˵ǿ˫ĿһУҲЩ⣬Ȼʯһˣûаֵôԡ
ʯϾѾ˵Կɿɲµɨ˼ۣһ̣ʯȴ˫ĿһŵȻԼǸͬ
вҩԼĲһҲעǷȱʥʯЩ˷ܵǣصÿһֲϣԼ϶Уȫʬ֮ǰҩ԰֮еõġ
Īһ𣬲ĵʯһɫúͰһֻǿϸţû̫󼤶֮ɫ
ã˷ֱµӡԼеʯ֮ڣһöʯҲ鿴ϣ˷ֱӵ˵
û뵽Ȼõ΢Ц
ǿЦЦˣ鿴ڶöʯʲô˵Żǿٴʩչŵڶöʯңңһ㡣
Ͻأǿ˫ĿһڶöʯֳĹĻ֮ϣϽĸּۣʯҲɫһлأܲ˼ģ
˾۾һصĲ鿴öʯϾݣˡʥʡһٶǰ


߰ʮ ͨʥʮһ
ˡʥʡһٶǰ
ʯһʥʣⲻһ챦ˣû뵽ϼһﵽֱʼǡ
һݱʼҪϸ࣬ĵȻҲôԼѪˡ
ʯ۲˰ǿˣȻҲأʥʶǾη;棬ӦǰûλϽļأ
Ȼдһٶǰڸ˵ˣϾʥʼ¼µʱΪ׼ݱʼǵڣмʮʱˣټһٶ꣬ʱʵжϣ
ʯٶ룬æۿļأ
˵һٶǰߴ沢棬ల£ֱ硢ɽ硢˾ڤ硢硢ʥ硢޽硢ɽ磡
һЩϹŶ𼶱𣬼רűչǱޣоһЩΪ֪ء
ߴǿߣԪƾ£ͬоһַ˵Դ߽㡣
ȡߴžŰʮһ鼶徫ѪߴʮŸ߽徫Ѫ׼һ֮˵ɹԺɨ߽졣
ǿ߾ѪոΪһΡ߽龫ɼһֱ֮ڣھߴ֮٣󷽿ɳΪ߽硣
ƿ񷣬ƹ򣬿ΣȻҲǵλһ룬ûͣ˭Ҳм
֪ιʣǿͻȻһξѪ
˵ξѪһ޽֮˵õ԰ǰ߽սȫ׷ɱ޽ǿߡ
˵޽ǿʱɽͨǿߴս޽ǿ壬ɱһɽǿߣһǿߡ
޽ǿԼҲ֮ʱɽֱӵ磬еõһöѣæҲ֪ʲôƷ֣ǽǵ߽龫Ѫעڣ
ֻ޽ǿߣǱһնɱӴö伣Ҳ˲һң˷缸𼶱Ǻȱҵѣ
Ӵߴʧأٲ⿪չȫϢ
֪ιʣһٶ֮öѾȻ˾ڤ֣ڤڲб֪ߴٴοʼ
ôܣһöѣһٶ꾹ȻûзЩš
ʯ°ͣҲЩ̫ˡ
ǿȴ΢΢һЦûʲôܵģ߽龫Ѫõһس
ͨ߼ʮҲɷ̬ǧܻΪǳ죬
ԽߵɳԽҲѻΪΣټ߽龫ѪעڣȻѴﵽһʵı죬ܷܲ˵֮£
˵Ҳмֿܣֻ֣һǿɾ͵òʧˣƲƲ졣
ߣΪ˰ҵһ˿һϣҲŹԸΪ޷ѡŵԭ򣡡ǿ˵꣬ʱ¶ݡ
㵽˭Щš
Ǻǣذɣ˭Ҫǿ˵꣬˼鿴ݣ
ڶ߽綯ңת֮£öѱʥʥʵõȴɽǿߡԯɵۡ֡
˴֣ʥʱԯɵۣǵıǿ߷֣˱ߴˣصʥ磬ֵ鲨ʥ磬׼ʥһС磡
ʯɫһʲôɽɵ۴֣Ǿ羹ȻʥµС棿ô˵ǲܷɽ磬Ƿʥ磿
ǿúúõģʯһɤӴϵĺͻȻ
ǿüôĸҪܹͿˣɽʲôݼɽ֮һֱкʥ磬ǶһȺαӣôɽжӣ

ʯЩԴӴԽ磬ȻʽԼС˵ӲͬҲһֱΪԼɣгһܹɽ硣
ͻȻ˵ԼĽ治ɽ磬ǶͷʯһʱЩ㵣ʥ羿ʲô棿Լĵʲô
ˣʱޣҼذɣ˵꣬˼鿴ݣ
ʥȻγɵ½֮ͨУǿߴ֣ʥ½ͨ٣ͨҲ٣ҪǿʵȺݵͨڷɻ
ʥֱԯɵ۵衮ޡƣġɾͫרſʥ֮˵Ĺͨɾͫԯɵۼıʹá
ϾǶͷɽпʥһЩ취
ʥʹá챦Ҳֻǿֵ챦ɾͫսսһ£ҲѷʤҴս쳣ҡ
÷ʥҲпԯɵ۵Ĺվѽѷ֡
챦ǿɫһ
ɾͫʯۼɨһԼƣԺһֲõ˵ɾܹͫ壬ԭɽеı
׼ȷ˵Ӧòǿ壬ֻܿʥ幦ͨӦɽԸʥרżı֪ҲǺϸ
ٶ룬ʯ鿴
ʥԯɵ½ͨУƴһֱ򵽾Сطƺ½޷ȫ֣ڼɳͨʱ˱Ҷս
ϽԯɵۣԱռͨȫɢҽңӴ޷ѭӦ˽׶ɽ٣֮Ҳ޷Ͻ硣
ʱƴ;ƿݣǱݵĿռ˦˳˾磬ʥҲ֪ԯɵΣ֮ԼӣԼȫʢʱڵʵҪƽ緵Ͻ綼
úʥʷ־壬Ȼܿʥ幦ǿͨʥһǵ֪ʹɾͫ
ʱʥ²⣬ɽ֮ԯɵսթ׼ҪʥĸһСٵռʥ˲ų֡
ʥΪ˴ԯɵ۵Ĺƣ״ӣ˱壬ֱռ춫򣬱֤޷֡
ֻϧʥʱݿռ˦֮£챦ʧ֪٣๦ͨԴڣ˳ͫҲ޷ѧϰ
һ嵹Ҳƽ֣ӴʥµСȶֻҪٶѭʥȻʢɽָտɴ
ʥʿЩ̫ᷭᱻлɳˣ
Ͻǿ;ƿݣȻССľ
Ϊ˱ʥʥʿνɷѿģӵĹͨҽӲԻഫڣҺ֮Ĵ֮ڣΣ򲻵Ѳܲġ
ֻΣʱ̣˺أŻַᷢʥʵĽֻҪܹŽᣬȻԶȹΣ֮£ӳ쾭Ҳ㣬ʥʶһ飡
쾭ʲôǿɫһʯȴ˫ĿһУ˼Ļ˵Ļǵúڷ̺͵


߰ʮĻ ͨʥʮ
ֻ֪ʥͺڷЩԨԴʵû뵽ȻʦһţʯأЩ˵
̾ϢкãλʥԤϣպڷʥҲѺƽǾˣδģƴɱ
ǿƲƲ죺֮ˣԤϵģȻ﷢չеĹɣνϾñط֣
ףǿʥƺк֣ʥڷ̴ģɱ˵꣬˼鿴
ʥΪɷѿģҲԯɵ۰нʥڷ̶׺һγɽڷ쾭ͨ
ǬԪ½м䲿λҲ޷ĵطһ۵Сҽϻڵ
˷쾭һЩԵԵ𣬽£Ӻ֮˵չսɵ֮£һ԰ȫ
ͨʥǷʥʥһסҲЯһʥô˽ȱĹ֮֮Уÿһ޾ͻή١
ڻᣬֻԵʵˣʥԯɵ۱;ƿݣڴ˽˿ûңǳ׷ɻ
ԭˣɽԯɵ֧壬ʥײҲ磬λʥһ壬뻹˸жɽ֮˿ҪѪ⡣ɫ
ǿЦЦٺ٣ΪϾһֱƲҺǷʥʵɽ棬ҲЩʿġ
ƲСȻ꣬ҲŲִͺñԱޣҲһʹʥ磬򶼴׻ˡ
Ȼʯ˫Ŀһ뵽ΪС«ԼȻ쭡
ĪΪԼеɾͫҪ֪ͫС«ͨ鼶ģ֮ͨԲΪٿضսǴδսһôܻ಻ǳģּıﶨȻԼӦ
һоףײܶˣС«̵˷棬ȻԶǴǰɱȣҶƿء
ɾͫϳ˾֮⣬û֪βٿˣֻϧǰȻû²֮
ʯоԼûƿҼȷ˵ħնǿʩչʮ֮һ챦û֮ʱ޷޷߶
С«ֻԼоɾͫǿǺС«һıֻһھõˣƺѣײ߱ġ
һһɻǣʯûŪΪԼӴͫȻɽıٿʩչ
˵˱ɽҪѹסɾͫԼķɰɣʯɲΪԼгԽɽʵ
˷ʯõ˱ϣĵ棬ԼС«֮˽Щأνջķᡣ
öʯص󣡡̾Ϣһ
ʣһöʯһɣǿ˵꣬ңңһ㣬ǵöʯ֮ϳһ׹⣬漴γһɫĻ
ĻϳһŵС֣˾۾Ĳ鿴
˷ʥʣ֮ԵõϷУлָѭҲζŷʥˣ൱ɽɾ
ʥ籾ͬһԴķʽľͬ޵ĵҲͬյҲͬ˵ӵࡣ
ʥףҪﵽͻ״̬ҪӼʡ
ʥ署ٳɣֻҪ׷ʲô취ԳԣûЩ˵
ЩִԲͺ¿ҩ٣ɽЩʿ׷Ҫľ࣬չȴҲ
ȻҪһ㣬ӼʵģҲΪ߳ģǡԸ
ԸʯɫһⲻǷ𣿴Ƿʥ˳ݲŻģѵģ
Ը˫ĿһУʯѶû࣬Īȥ磿ӦҲǶô֪˭Ĵԣ
ʯع߰ʹԼС˵ӣԼִǼأֻ⻰˵ȥҲףţ
һƪż֮мû˵̫֪࣡ģǻǼʥµʯذɡʯ˸ۣǿü˼鿴أ
СǣϳڶԸ˶һЩصĴͨԸʩչġ
νԸҲͺ¿̵֮˶սлָϢ죬ɵܿܿԸԵС
뿴һͬϣʮ°ٸҲһڷ˵Ըһһƿص˲ݻһͬ״ǿߣǷɻ
ȻΪͬǿߣȻҲԼԸӳ֣Խ֮ǰͽϹһҲԡ
ֻҪȻΣҲУڤڤеһǱ֮˵һ۶Եлǳƿ°빦
Ȼ˷ֻϽ˲ŻᣬϽµС˹ǷȡԸõֶΡ
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˵糣˵һУбޣ޴ڣûзӴˣз𲻶ϣö֮˵г֣ؼԽǿԭûеķӣҲ֮۳εʵˡ
ȻȻὫǿһЩЩϵͽӵӣٵù١
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ʵǶ벻ȥǺôЩͽһϹǣ֮ͽⷽ棬ʥúãҵڮʥ磬ͽʧȴ𷨣
ʵʥߣǿͶӰ½磬ɼ࡮顯ԼʹҲǿ۽硣
½֮ͻƿ֮ʱǿħϣһʧܣͿܱǵһƣΪԼġ顯ҵԸá顯ΪԼ£䵱ǵߣ׳ʥ
½֮˳ΪħҲƺΪħħ٣ɽ磬ҲԸƺʥΪħ磡
ʲôħ磿޵ľȻħѵǶħʯɫһ˵


߰ʮ ͨʥʮ
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˵Ŀνֱ׳˿ûиоħʲôʣ
ʯεЦЦ磬СϵħСͶɽг˽ԼҪ޵ɵ顣
ħҲãɽҲգҲˣǾͺñһļͥǽĸͥ޷ѡġ
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ԼħĴͥҲȷʵоʥʵůӻλǿʣһûоԼζ꣬һħ֮ƽ¡
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ת˲һ룬ʯҡҡͷû취˸ΪΪԼĽ˶ƴԯɵ۵ɽᱻ֮ΪӢ۹Ϊһħ忹
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ãʯӦһ漴öʯݣȫӡԼĿհʯ֮ϣҲԱһݡ
ڰеöʯǱǿָٵˣԣǿϣٱĸ˵õ
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뵽ʯֶһţϥ棬һ̵ľٶ۽һ¶ݵĿʯ
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һЩСɢޣǸǻˮĻɫܰĳ֮ǰЩеıߣеıߺĵ
еǼϣڻ֮У˶֪Ǳ˭ȥģпǱĳˮ㡢۵˵õ伴ǲߣҲûܲµó
˸˼ĵȺȴҲ˵ľٶ

Ѫɫƹڣ˲֪淢һУ
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ǿŶѹƣ׼ȷ˵ӦɽƵķרѹħ֮˵ɾͫԼֲ޷ʹãҪԼûзա
ħնֻܶüζѣԶʵãС«ȻħնҪֲֻϧʯóϾͫԹ̫
ʵΨһİ취֮ʵˣʯýͺ޷޵ϾǷʥµģһĵʵ
Ҳ˾ڤ֮ؽܴ
֮£ʯһȡ֮ǰƽֵԼϽ籦ɫשȻԶħնʯǼϾ˱ԪҪǿ˾ȴų֮ͳȥһ̣

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֪һǻкջ񣡡Ͽ˿Ͽգɫƽ˵
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˵ԱԽԽ࣬ȴҲڽɢ

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ʯһֱɫƳְգʯһֶȥʯæһץȫʩչ޽ңңһն
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ס֣Ȼ䣬һŮһɫݹ߷ģ֮£ǵʯǰ
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㣬㣬˵ģʯ㶵һУΪ뿪ԼԭԼȻɱ˵ĺӡ
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˭ҲûԤϵʯȻޱʩչȫ߶ʥħնΪ߰ɴСϯһŰХһնȥ
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ХȻסħնһֻǰצȻնϣѪɽգХһֽУʯȴ»Σɫ԰ֽһЩȥȻ޳֮һϢҲ鸡ޱȡ
ڰХ׼ʱ򣬳Ҳ׷˹Хô˿֮£϶Կεɨ˾һۡ
ӣĳһһ䣬Хǻһ׹⣬ԶߣϸҪ׷Ǳʯס
ȶԸҪʯ˵꣬ϵ˵ͷʯûսϿʵʵս֮˵ľѩϼ˪
ļһХ졭˻ߵĺһ䣡
һṦ򣬾Ǳֻʣͷ­ƼأʯȻûս̷ŵҩ֮Ȼħն
ס֣ߵİХ죬ųϴһ䣬ۼԼѾѲڣǲҪƴȻĻ⼸ԪҲԻµֻгƴ֮»
ɫһȷϾʵʵڵƴ֮¾⼸ԪҲ˵˭µȻⲻ뿴ģ˳֮⣬ʯ˷׷¶ɵ֮ɫ
ʯ˿˫Ŀһ˵ƲʯĳնɱҲ岻ݴǣһХؽ䡣
ɫһ䣺ΪҪµֵʯǱޣӦúúñԺʵƣ
ʯ΢΢һЦŹҲǲУֻҪӦһұ֤ڳ˻Ź㣬ҵѲټ֣ǳԼԸ㣬㼴㲻УӦûİɣ
ɫһϲ˵ɣʲô飿һӦ㣬ҲǶԸХȺġ
ʯЦЦȻȺ壬Ҫܼ򵥣ֻҪ㽻ɾͫٿ֮
ʲôҪɾͫٿ֮Īǡ˫ĿһҲü¶ɻ֮ɫ


߰ʮһ 
ôʱ㻹ʯһԼȻûսǳʵڣϰˣɲþ¡
ĬãҲΣڵãҴӦ㣡˵껰ȡһöʯӡϣ󶪸ʯ
û뵽ˬ죬ʯڵ㲻ƭҰɣ
ǺǣȻᣬмسͨޱȣʯһ֪ʱΪһԼСЦ̯̯֡
ãһΡʯ֪һŶʯڼصݣݼصĵȷ˳ʱ޸Ĺġ
ʯ΢Цĵ˵ͷҲ˿
һ̣ʯȻ˫ĿһȻһϤļأֻЩһʯȥ¶ɲ֮ɫ
μأȻԼڶڣˮؽݺõļزֻ࣬Լõļزȱȫ
;ݼرȽӦͬһַֻЩ΢Ĳ࣬˵ԼڶڵõǲȱܾܿɾͫĲٿ֮
֪ĳԭȱȫļԼõĲֽͬţҪжڵļȽϣʯԷֱ档
Ƭ̺ʯ֮£ʯصһѶɵ۽һ
ʯѣʲô˼ѵһƭ㣿ü
ʯûлش𣬻ڵͫߡʮ죬ߡѪʯһοھ
ʲô㾹Ȼ֪ɾͫٿ֮¶֮ɫʯݣԲԼȥģǲԼѹĵ׵ٿ֮
оҲԶˣʯɫһ
Ҫæ֣ʯѣ֮ǰһʱͿϰ㣬顣
˵Żٲ˿ͫٿ֮¼ʯڣ׸ʯ߽ӹʯ鿴ãղŻЦݡ
ƬؼԼǲƪһֲʯ΢΢˵ͷʯ
ߣʯĳҲõˣˣʯɲǺ;ȥƴڳκһ˳⣬ʯ޷ܡ
ʯѣôߵвü
Ҳܸƽ⣬֮ҲˣԱ㣡ʯ˵꣬Ȼûжֵ˼׷·˿ϣݹһ𣬴壡
Ͽ˿ʯԭ׼ǿȡħնʣϾѾˣڿʯôİ֣ԼºѣʯҲسŵˡ
Ͼ̫󣬳Ͽڵ֪ʯС֮ǰԼ㲻㣡
ʯ˿ϣֿ˿յħնһ˿ᣬʵԼüε
˼һ˲䣬ʯǵһӣħն˳ϵǰ
ӡûĨ׿ȥڻЩ飬ħնҾԼĽˣԺĻһģʯɫһ
ϵסˣû뵽ʯˬԼ
ʯСѹȻˬ죬˵ĳʱӭϴһӣǽħնʯҲͺûʯڡ
ʯѣûȥˣǱ߷һЩ״Щ׼˿ԶȺ
ŶʲôʯɫأûʰǲǹŻİǶݹһԶ˹ȥ
һԥҲŽ¡뿪˵أźڷ̴Ӫȥ˷ȥֻҪħնʤۣһжԸ˵ҲռϷ磡
˵Ҳźڷ̳ˡ
ʯصȺмкܴһƬյأۣѪҲմȾ˲ٵѪ
۵㶷˫Ŀͨ죬ƺ˻һڲҲ߲ˡ
ߣʥҲ˻Щⷨϵӡʯĸף˵ڲӺۣɼˣⷨҲЩȷ
֮ǰ˵Щ֪ⷨ飬ⷨΪŮԿڵϣʧǵһԣⷨ׼˽ˣѲ֪Ͼʥ֮
Ҫʲôʯ˿֪ⷨΪΣⷨʯҲһЩɵһʵϵļɵϵļɵϾ֮ǰ˵ʥ֮λöܽʯ
ⷨüڵʯǱϾĸף㲻˺˺Ϊ˱ǴսǸϿ콫ǴʥȽϺá
ҵĸףʯޱ鵽
㲻ϣʵʯǰߣⷨɫ
´ˣȻڵͲŵĸףǣĸס
һɺԣⷨŭ
ں˵ʲôʯҲǱ˵һ㶡
ʦûк˵ղӦ˵˾ͽϣѾ˵࣬ҡȥһһʮĽһ飬˼ֱ޷ܣ˾ͽǸҹδ̫ˣ鷢չҲ̫Ϸˣ
ľȻԼɱԼĸףһ̣ⷨ˶˾ͽֱ֮ǣû뵽۲ʯɱˡ
ʯһΣϺε¶ŭ⣺㣬ҵĸףȻҵĸףʯһŭɫ˵
״̧ͷ˫۵ŹˣѾδ¾κҲ޷ָʵˣԺҲˣ
ʯ̾Ϣһ㣬Ƕۣ˾ͽϣȻ߻һȦױ𣬻ǧټƲɢǣԭһУ˾ͽĹƣĿľǲɢǣģҲǺۣʲô游飡
ʯаЦԼִԽģͲʲôĺӣ游֮ģ
ҪԼױɱˣʯԶ˵ȥһϾɱ֮ɲС£ĸףʯҲڳΪŹɱˣ
ʯ˻˵꣬ǵûеõ˵Ŀ佱˺ݺݵıһ£Ǽɫ壿ȼɫ廹أΪŮɱ֮ˣ
ⷨ϶Щ֮ģԹűɱ֮֮ޣκһˣ˾޷ܵģûʱֻ̡
ʯվ絭ᣬɱ˻˵񲻹Լһ˻ͷһؼҲֲʯȷʵͲԼ£
㣬ĲЩš
ʯһѽӵڻЦֻҪû£ʲôںʲô𱨳ģȥɡ
һж˾ͽϵĹҪǻᣬһˣٲҪֿˣҲҪʥˣʯ
ãģܡܰҾȾҸ𣿡Щǵ˵
ʯҽ뵤˾֪ģûܱȣʯӦһӣ֪һŶ۵ơ
Ĭãʯü̫أ¡ʯ˶٣Ҳȫ֣ౣһָʵ²̫ˣϾ̫ˣ
㣬ȾȦһ죬ͬʱʯָж
ðɣҾڣʯ˵꣬ⷨϵԡ
ɣʥĹԲǴȥڣⷨɫ
סʯһ䣺ңΪһẦһˣҳֶܾȻ
ߣĺӣҲû취㣬Բߣⷨϼԡ
ⷨ˴߰ɣǲẦģңʥҲû˭ҽơʱ˹ⷨϿ¶֮ɫ
ûⷨ϶Ű
¾Ͳ˵ˣ˾ʯ߰ɣ˵꣬ⷨǺܾãȻĵ˵ͷֺʯһЩ飬ʥƽ˵ȥ
֪ͨˣȫϢߣ֪ͨط۵һ£ˣϻصڣʯ˵꣬˱ǺƺƵĳˣչˣʯǲУ


߰ʮ ͫʥ֮Σ
ڣڣ
ʯһֻǸ˴һкǼæչо˵ĵҩ
ĮҲһͬУֻʯûļ䣬չ˻ԲѵۣǷоȻϣҲ
ˣַ˴٣ҩҲ˺üΣֻһֱûҵ
ի¶ڣ
һֶǽǣʯԺе伮ֶҩֵҩҩ֮ҲǺ⡣
ʯҵ飬ȸ۷ȥʱһ¡
ŵҩôܹðɣڵ
ʯ˼Ƭ̣̫أҪǱХ꣬อαˣŵҩĪ˵ָʵȻҲֻɼʣ
ʲôѵûбİ취𣿡˫Ŀһ졣
ʯҡͷ̾ϢԼʵûʲô취ˣȻֶڻвҩǺܶʯҩԣãֻ֪ܶ඼Ҫҩ
Ҫͺˣ̾Ϣһ
ʯȻ˫Ŀһˣǵõ˵ɫƺֹЧСҲƺأҲƲ࣬ʹɫΪҩȻģɫҩһӲټʣ
ɫʲôҩҲһ㶡
ҾͲˣֻ˵ɫȲ˵ˣȥõҩʯ˵껰»ص¶СȡһɫĻ꣬˼ҩʼ˵ҩ
ʯڳɹƳöɫ裬Ǹ۷һţĿֱӽ
㣬ŵҩǲܾĻҲΪˣȻɫжҩԣҲǺʯɫһ˵
صĵ˵ͷɱ㸸ףǱӦɡֱڣҲԸиס
㣬˵ͲˣҸͲںˣչȱչһʱ䣬µĻʱңʯһЩȥ¶չء
û취ûŮ鳤ʯҲżʵħնˣԼûʥ޷ʵֻܿˡ
ΨһϣС«ɾͫԩңС«̵֮һֱûʲôӦʯҲҽųֻȴɾͫˣ
Ȼʯ׼оɾ֮ͫǰȴֶڲժ˲ҩƳϰٿŵҩֱ˺޺ͽ顣
һǻָƣҲܶһʵЩô
һʯȡöʯ֪һֶ룬ϸоǶ㻨˰µʱ䣬ʯǲ͸
ռؿɾͫȻС뿼Ѫѹʹãܿħ֮˵Ĺͨħ֮մȾ֮¶вСĻΪаȻʯЩɻ
ѪʯȻ˿С飬ǵõԼˣС鶼ѪҺ˺ȹֻҲоʲô쳣ѵǽѪҺڵԵʣ
ʯֲ̫ܣȻ壬ǿԲٿʩչɾͫôǿѹסɾͫڱҡ
ǡʯ˫Ŀһǽĵȼ̫ߣѪҺѾԶԶԽɾͫ
ʯ־ò̫ܣϾɾͫϽ𼶱ʹõı飬Ҳѽѹסħڱҡ
ѵѾ鼶𣿡ʯ°͡
ʯ˫ĿȻһĨâ˯Ľ飬¶˼֮ɫ
ӿʼͿ˿ΪϢɳڷԪ޷ΣԶᣬٺ޻˽
Сȫᣬ˱̬ɳޣѲɾ߽龫ѪעѺĲѵ߽ףʯ˵꣬ԼҲһ
˿˵Ȼɳʮ꣬꣬ͻﵽ˵кɨ߽ʵڶƾõԪ˵Ȼڡ
ҲͽСϻأѪҺһЩЧûٶȣκ˿ΪϢҲΪС鴦͸¶ء
ҪǵϽ类˵֪һٴһȷѪ꣬ãѾϽʧȥϵĻΣա
߽龫ĲѹסȥȡɾͫͿˣƬ̣ʯڶ룬ɾͫҲȡͳһ¿Լܷƿɾͫ
ʯʼʱǸоһɢԴȪɾͫɢġ

ĳ̵ƽԭϣһƬСͺ
Щ㿴޾ɣˮ߲ʱֻڵˮʱԵ쳣СģߵϵĿݲݷƣ
ˢһ£Ȼ䣬˴޾ߣϵһȦȦ
һɫӰԶ֮£û˺֮ڣ˵ӰǱˣռ˾ͽϣ
ţƬٴλָʲôûһ

һգڣ
ԭĹիȻɢһӴѹһЩֵص볤Ϸ׷ɫ䣬Щȥ
ʱ˺Ȼ֣իϿгһСɺޱȵͫһȦȦӡǣ˿һ۱޷԰εĲþǴ
зԪµӽһӷЩʵĿѪоǹѹƵԶ·аıƣ
ǷԪڣҲನ֮ио˲֣̿׷ɫˣЩ˵ĵӡ
ңڽɢ
ի¶ڣһźɫԲգʯڶ¶֮ҲǿŴеɾֻͫǿɺ
ɾͫȻԣʯ˿һȻֱӽԪָڡ
ţʯС«˳ûͫĹϵС«ҲʯʯȷʵһָоС«Ϣʵأһı仯
۵һ
Ȼ䣬С«³һżֲ棬ô˹իڣʯҲɫȻĿ˲ѣիڵ浱ۻ
⡭ͨʥڵš棿ʯһ۾ϳʲôֻ˿Ƿƺԣֻʣһѡ
ĪǱС«ɺɢʯһһ˲ְգŷ֮¶˷֮ɫЩĻΪһƬɫ𺣣žް
İϣ¶ڵ¶Ȼܸߣûڻļû˿Բᷴ°빦
ʥʼ˵챦ֻɫ۾Ĺ˷棬ӦҲָĲˣֻҪ콣ĲгɣͿƿС«Եˣʯ΢΢һЦ
ףȻ䣬ʯһĨϼһ֮£ȻԴʯֵǣȻⷨϵĴš
ʯˮһٽʥΣڵϦʯѴʥһ֮ʯⷨ۶ϴݣɵü


߰ʮ ʥɷ
ʯ뿪¶һ¥ǼҴҵӣ
ʥٽ֪𣿡֪Ӻδ֪Ϣ
ʯ˵꣬Ǵһ󼱴ٵ
ʯ˵꣬űǱ򿪣Ǹ߹λ󻹸ʥϣ
ʯѣǽӵ䲻ϴţǻȥ֧Ԯʥ֪ʯк߳˵꣬¶֮ɫ
ȻЩȻʥʥΣڵϦ֮ʱЩ˻޷Թ۵ġ
ڰڵֿʥǲΪ˱סԼһСˣǴǴǰս֮䣬˻ǺԥĻͦ
Ƕ֪ˣҲǸսӵųصģֻЩ⣬ʥʵȻܣʯü
߳̾Ϣһʯ֪䲻ϸҴѾһˣ֮ǰüǣֻûдӦѣֻʥΣ̫ǲż㡣
ʵʼδŵʱʥûд󰭣һЩС£ȻһЩʥһЩɳϳأʥһֱռϷ磬Ͼʥһɸۺ񡣡
Ϊⷨʥ漱ʦʵ
߳̾ϢһҪȫϾ己ֳԶ壬⻹Ҫģµˮһ峤Գʥ֮˸ֻǿ֧ţûʶĶ֡
ʯ˫Ŀһԭˣ˵ӦǾ֪ˣʥûʥһɳٶ࣬ҲȷǾĶ֣
һɵĳѾ˲٣ȥǰ취ܿʥ˲ŵ㣬ð³䲻ϴţҲ֮١֣߳ص
ʯѣֻһ仰սǷȥ֧Ԯųʵ
ʯ˫Ŀһǿӣ˵飬һսһһ֮ģǲõġ
̫ˣ֪ʯԴΪصˣǺʱ߳ʵ
֪ͨ׼һ¼̶ʯ˵꣬߳ϵ˵˵ͷ뿪ի֪ͨ
˷ȥʥһҪСģĴǼ࣬ǾʵһҪ⡣Щǵ˵
޷㲻£ˣôˣʯ˿
ûѣɫһ⼸Ϣǰȶ˲٣ҰķԸÿһʱ䣬͸һɫ裬ϣܹðɣ
չɣصҡʯ˲һᣬʯԼԲԪǺƺƵĳˡ
Ȼǽ˴ǬԪ½֮һ·Ŷȥи߳ϵ˴·ʯҲ·
һ·ʯ۵֮ڣһֱоͨʥڵõĵĲ콣Դɵ֮ȻһϢֲ˺ܶࡣ
ֻҪɷ콣Ĳ㣬ʯҲͿһС«ˣȻɳȻ龫գһԶûˣȻ޷ɱԼǿЩ档
ֹ˰£ʯ˸߳ϵ
ʯѣǾͿԸϵʥˣ㲻Ļ𣿡߳˵꣬ʯͷһЦŸ߳˼װ֮ϡ
һ޼ʵĺϣżƯһСе̾һЩˮʵǺǿ׷׳뺣ס
ЩˮԽʥѾ̤ǬԪ½ˣʯü
߳ϹһЦʯˣЩˮǴ˵ʥһˮһģΪ̫ٸȥǬԪ½ˮжıɱҲǶһЩҴЩãǵһȻϰɣ
ԭˣʯ˵ͷ漴Զ߳ǸʯƬĴ顣
պһ͵ʯ۵ף
ԶԶȥӴ͸¶һֲɣصĸоһĴڵ֮ϣߵ˻
˳ǣƺƯڵϣƾͣˮλ³ǿˮλеλá
͵֮ϣһ͹ԶԶܸоư磬ǹΧһЩСͽ¥ͬһ㣬ƣͻԳĲ֮˼ɾһ㡣
ǽʥ𣿡ʯ˿޴ĹϲЩ֮⣬ͭǽڵڣҲСӹҼҰĽ
ʥĲԺԽԽǿȻʯѵĴ£гһҲֹģ߳ЦЦ
˵˵ЦЦһ䵽ʥ޵ϵʱ򣬱˲䱻˰ΧͬʱʯоһɹɽƲ˳䲻
ߣУûԴļһ߳ȵ
ϹݵóԲѷʥһ֮Уһ߼ЦϹѾʥ˵ķݣ㲻һͽѣ
˭߳ϸҪŭʯҡҡͷڵⷨϣʥӭӿ˵ĻʣôǣҪǾ֮⣿ɱʯĳ棡
ЦʲôȻ˵ʵСں֮ڰˣһмӣû˷
ʱⷨԶݳ֮󣬳¶֮ɫ
ԭʦˣ곤ϣⷨ곤ϣĹͣǵֿģ
Цʥʱ䵽ֵزҪæ˵СʥЩԹɣ˿ûиⷨӡ
ȿȣⷨɿһ곤Ͽܺò֪ѾΪʥϣ
Ŷ㣿Ȼ˴ϣ˾ͽأһ㶣漴ƲƲ죺˼ǣǣϷȨˣߣҸ㣬Ҿˣʵ㣬ɷѳأҿܵ˭
ʥɷ֣߳ɵɫһ䣬һ壬Ҳ֪ʥɷʲôͷ
Ǻǣʦ壡ʱԶһХģ֮£ͣȺϿգ̵ĵ䲻
С䣿һļƣλӻԴ䲻̬ȣҪⷨ
Ȼ䲻ⷨһЩ˺ܶ࣬Ͼһӣ䲻ΪˣʥĹκ˵ӣҲϹҲὫ̵֮λӽ
ĳһ̵ֱ֮ˣЩҲģʦӣҪʥĴ£ǿУʦɲҪճʲô֪£ʥҵΪˣҿɲʦ֣˵䲻
ˣԣʱһͺźһŭԶĵݹ⣬Ŀɣߣ֮£ǳ˺긽ԶŻҪһľǿʥɷ


߰ʮĻ ɷ
Ϲô£һ׷ü߿˿ʯˣһ䡣
һһأεĴϺ䲻͸˸һˣ˵ȥֿˮһ塣
ü˫ĿһУ˭εĴϣ˾ͽأУ
ǲϼһ̫òأʥС̫࣬Ѿϼһˣһ˵
ߣǰҲɷǰϺ̵֮Ҳҽһ
˽һ۸߹ʢ˵ӣȻҲˣɷʵͷҪš
ɷ֣ǿʥأʵںڷ̴Ӫһأ֮ܵҲ˸ҵȻֻǷԪɱ˿ħֵ
λʦ壬ⷨεĴϣ˾ͽѾԶʥǡⷨϻû˵꣬¡¡һ졣
ţ޵һ౬һŴĿֲನ𶯵춼漴Ǵĺɱ֮
ãٴδٽˣⷨɫһ䡣
ߣʲôʥشһξ޻أһЩСѾǵǵͷˣλһȥɣһ˵
ãʥңǱóǲǵˣ浱ʥˣߣЩ̤ʥߣü˵꣬ӰԶɶݶȥ
һ֮׷˷Զһڴ˵أ׼ʯˣóʥĵ̼ۺ񣬼Ǹ߳ϵˣҲ޷ȫ˽⡣
ڲ˼ʯѣǼЦˡⷨ̾Ϣһʥû֮ˣԭһЩϵҲ͸ӷȥΪ
޷һΪҪʲôȻλǰţǰȥаˣҲżʯЦЦ
ǻȥԿ壬ʲôⷨһ
Բϣֻλʦ棬ٴЩ˲ڽӽʥءһɫһ˿ûжϴϵֹǫ͡
䲻üⷨȴȥɣڴ˵չڵˡ
ãⷨӦһһ֣սķȥ
ʥһȻֻңʯˣȴû˿ɫҲ֪ǶԼʵģǶ⻷ġ
ЩϼһΪǣһ
˵ʲôʥ˵á
ˣұˣ䲻Цʯѣ˷ɷأҲԤϣ˵иãʯѵ˳ʧܣҪͷʯѳˣȻûʶʯѵͨⷨϿ˵ʯǷԪһˣ
ѹˣʯĳֻǽҶѣû뵽Ĺڣ˶ʥȻϷֳЩϵҲԹǣʯʾ⣬ûظ˼
ˡʱԶ߷һѪӰ䳤ϣⷨʥˣǰȥ󣬴˷ˮһ㳲̫ʵԵֵ
ŶɷǰΣ䲻ü
˵ǻѪһ˿Ȼ֮ɫԭҹѣʥѾ¶󣬵λʦ嵽Ӫһ·ңնɱ˲ٴҲʥ֮˲ʿ
˶٣˼ֻɷʦϾֻ֮Ҳ޷޾Ǹʿˣ޷ʥˣ
ã͵ԼϣЩʥûн׷ԪˣҲһμӴ˷սۣ䲻ʯ˸кǴһתȥ
ǲȥæʯ˿߰ǧˡ
ߣǿͿˣɲʥܵУƲƲ졣
޴ڶʥҵ߳ŭ
һʥͽкԲѣε¶֮ɫ
ˣҲҪˣĵȴǡʯ΢΢һЦԭϢ
պԶгһѪ꣬ˣʥѲܣŵϳ롣
ˮһԳ֣ɷǰѾ·磬ۿ޷̫ãطԸǸϿǰȥ֧Ԯϣ
ʲôȻԳˣʼƲʯ˵üǴˣʥ˷أЩô죿
Ѫŭɷʦ˼ȥС˶٣꿴ʯˣЩεʯѣ֮ʣʦ˼ǣǹȥ֧ԮһϣԴΪء
ԣʯЦЦλʦδ̫Ц˰ɣҲ룬ҾͲ룬Ҳ룬Ҿ͵ȥ룿
ʯĳȷظ㣬һͲʲô˽ΪԼˣҪңҲǸϼһʲôʯ˿ûиԷʲô档
Ȼоʯ˵Щ𣬲߳ϵȴǾúˬԸˣ͸ְ취
㡭ҪŭǱѪϣ漴εҡҡͷǰȥ֧Ԯʥս
Ƭ̺󣬸߳ʵʯѣĲȥ
ȥʱ򣡡ʯ˵껰˫ĿһյĴԺ·ķ콣ء
˵سڵˣҲûʥˣʥЩǿдʾѣһֱϤûн׷Ԫ꣬ҲȫԱ⻹ʥ״η顣
ʥھ޵ĺһѾ¼޵֮ϣʥ֮ʵǿֻңеһȺԿ̫󣬶ҺһҲ
ʥǺںģ½ˣɷֶսˣ˿֧ţţϹһƻУѪĵɶ
֮ǰ»֪ʯʲô˼һڣûμӶսʯڷȥһṦ򣬾ͳϿա
ʯսѵ㿴𣿡
ʯҲ˵ôЦеĿźꡣ
ãϷΪ֮ǰеǸߣһ
ǺǣʯֻЦЦ
һӺߣƿڴǺʲô˼ǲô
ǺǣʯЦӱĺ걻ñף߳˷׷״Цһˬ
Ϸ򲻸ɫ治֪ߵغΪϷʵˣֱЦϷ򲻹Щ˶ѣߣһŭʯƷʯЩ˾͵ùԹʯֱпޡ
ǣ߳ϵ˿ЦǵĿź꣬˭ûжְʯ˼ôЦеĿźʯȥ겻֪ΪΣܾЩŹ벻õԤУ
صһ
ֻһƺߣʯֻһȭǽĵɶһȭСȻĽĿѪ
ʯĳϲвϲĿߣ˵Żں𾪵ĿУʯŴսĵطȥ
ʯ֮󣬺Ȼɫһͣס֣ٶ࿴ɷһۣǽʯⲻɷ˿ͬʱʯҲ׷׺澪ɲ


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ȻʵˣűʯһɣⲢӰ𾪵ĳ̶ȡ
Ҫ֪֮ɷпģʯս󣬷־ԲעɷǽĿʯϣɷиǳɻ
Ĵ¼սٰ֣˵ʥȶ˾ƣȻҲʱȶˣ忴ʥڻˣϾԷ
СʲôˣѵݣЩɲ
ü߳ɷ˶ԵֵСԼȥֱܻʥһΣ
ɼˣȻ˼ˮȺడǼʱˡɷһü
ʱⷨϷɵɷߣλʦ壬սԱֵܴľ·硣
ʲôǼֵʵ
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СӣİֲڣҲܹæΪԼֵܵסȫʢʱڵϷ򣿡ɫƽ
Ϊ壬ܲҲҪһԣʯ΢Ц絭ӣֻ˼ء
˵ĺܴȻֻͣХ˵ħն˳Уûʥ֣֪㻹ʲô̡һ
Բ֪ˣʯгЦЦȴԶɵľۡ
ΪԪޣܵסң飬Ϸʵڲ֪㻹ʲô¡ʯпʲôҲô
ʯЦϳ֮ɫ
ߣȻϷͳȫ㣡̲ס֣һģкХһһõľͷֶ漴ʯ˹ȥ
ʯǰҹһһֱʮɴСȻֶǺޣһֱһ˻𣬳ľβһ˦ͷӰײһ߾Ȼָߵ͵ӡ
ţʯԽţһɫëĽֶߴֱǾͷӰȥں֣ѹסǾͷӰ
ʲôǺǴ˵еĺޣ
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ûҾȻûϵ
ڷԪӵޣҲǶǿ֮ˣֻϧԺ;Կɷ۷׷ף̾Ϣ
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ʯһವһһƴСɫСְգ˫Ŀ鶯Ϣһ֣¶ȱǼռҲ˳ҲзŤ
黹ûзֻǾգһЩԪԳǹˣ׷׻һԶ㿪
ף˫Ŀһ֣飬ѵôϴβ̫һ
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ȻѱҪֻ⣬ֳԸʯҲ̫ģΪʯûħնʵǲһ
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Ȼ䣬ԶͷӰ޼ڽ飬˫ٴ֣ڶս
ֻܱȻȵռϷ磬ΪжвĹ޺ͽ飬ֻɧãǾСı乥ܳƣҲ
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ʯԶƺû뵽ܱ׷λһ㣬ȷӦΪʱѾ嵽ǰȭͷʯͷ­һҶȥ
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Ȼ˫ֱͷЩŤ˫Ŀ֮ɫȻǡǡɾͫ
ʯ˫Ŀһžʧ֮ʣ»һ˲һֻɫȭͷص˾ͷ­֮ϣֻһƺߣεɶ


߰ʮ 
ವһεɶһԾ˺𺣷Χڡ
˼״޲Ǵʧɫû뵽ʯȻܽܣȻ֤ʯռϷ硣
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ɾͫȻϣֲҪֻ֮ʵ⣬һ⣬ƿɾͫģ֣ʯԶҲû˵˵һ䡣
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ȥԸ壬ƻ󣬱ϾпħĹܣ壬ֻɾͫУûпƹЧˡ
ƺҲһ㣬û˿ţٺ٣ҵҪɾͫܶüΡ
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ʩչʯĳûʲôģʯ˿ɫשʱ򣬺ޣ顢׷Χھܡ
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֮⣬һԿϰ˹һХźڳȥ׼ֹʯ
ⷨϼ״˫ĿһһŰ˹ֳȥߵսһɷϢһʱ䣬Ҳָ˸ţһ֮󣬷׷׶ݹһһģ·˺֮С
ʯɫһʱʥɷ֮󣬲֪ͨûй쾭ҲһЩûѹ˵ĸ֪ɷҵλãǳʯߡ
ʯѹȻΪνǰˣˡü߿Ц
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֮õĺȲԼֳг˷սʯΪȻύ
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ʯ쾭һգ컯ɫСʦ֮ϣһ춯صľ޺𣬾޴һչʯ飬ʥɷž׷ᡣ
֮Ѿˣ˷һҪʤ׷׻ˮһ壬УŹ壡ʯһǴ˷ܼһ׷׷ҹ
ʥ֮һɷʯִʤҲֱУʿ֮¾Ȼʤ࣬Ⱥϳ˾޵ŶĶ롣
νǱɽ峤ش·СĻƴ飿һֻһʥִʤں󷽳ʤ׷
ǴУѵ壿ҾжףǱϾǵĴӪʱǺʤü
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ԭˣʯѹȻЩðˣ
֪ðգԼðգ
ⶼΪ壬ҲǰʥʯѣĳΪԸֱˬϲӣƢҲ̫ã֮ǰʵǹۿ˵ˣʯѺ
Ժʯʲô飬㾡кһʥɷ֮ڣ˵仰ЩģҲõһ˵
ʯҲûϵֱʣȷһˬʵĺӣʯԺҲ࿴
λǰΪ壬ʯĳúܣ֮ǰͲҪ˵ˣھѾߣˣǿԻȥˣԺҪĵطһͷλǰʯ֣ص
꣬ǰʵ㣬㲻ģǾƽཻɣü߹ЦҲʥ޵֮ϡ
ʱʯһһöʯС
ȻˣʯɫһϲҾȻлָʵƣף澹Ȼ֪ͨҸϽȥһˣ֪żΪ£ʯЩɻ


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Ŷ֪ͨһϢѾˣлָΪϢļ󣡡ʯ˵꣬ⷨϵ¶ϲɫɷҲ˿
ϣЩָɣȻʱ˵ǾвĻܸоƺͨʥõʲôöԾš֣ص
ҿ˷ʥӦͨʥڵõĺôû֪شȺףżʥġüߵͷ
ˣȲҪ˵ˣ˷лʯѶʥٰϯлʯˡ˵꣬ⷨ䲻Ҳǵ˵ͷ
ǺǣлλĺˣڻЩ飬ոһҪȥƵҩָƺתһʥʱһףҲٵģʯЦЦ
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ԭǼϼһҲȥ˳㿴ʯѵڣֻǾʵڲ뿪ʥֻأϣԺлᣬһȥʯѵЦ
ʱӭλǰλʥĵѣʯĳǣʱӭλݹ٣ʯ˰֣˫飬뿪ʥǬԪ½ȥ
ʥɷһ֮ɫĿʯˣ䲻ǣ¶˼֮ɫⷨɫЩӣ¶Цҡҡͷ

صźһ˷ʧˣĿѾСˣ⻹ԷΪҪʥЩȥģ˻ࡣ
ʯֱӻص˹իȻûȬµȷ޴󰭣ʯ֮һ
ʯ۵ı飬ɵЩɻǸ۵󣬿˹ϵ֮ǰǰˡ
ʯҷⵤҩƵģۿżɽ
ʲôԵĵطƲֵҩʯӣʮ𼱵ԼѵǲԼƵĵҩ
۸ûϸʯĻһ˵Ƶģ˵ֵҩ䷽ҩ㶼У
ʯüƳĵҩȻЩҩˣǰʲôֱ˵ɣǲҪʲôҩ
ﾹȻʥ׳ˣ۴Ц
ʲôʥʯһʵǰ˰ɣûʥʯ̾ϢһԼҪʥȥˣǻ˼ġ
Ϸ᣿缸ʳʥȻ֪ЧúͳɷζСӲҳϣǵĴ±֪ǿɣģʥһϷԺԲ˺ġ
ʯЦǰȻˣʯĳԲǵıǿҲûûҩĻ취ˡ
ʯ˵ѵӣ۲ü
ڵҸ˵ʥǽ֮ɫһϸ룬ȷûУ
ʯ˰֣ЩйЦҲ˵ʥǰɫ״ϻûУȻαǰ˵ѣ
ƭǰҲƭ㣬ɫҸûУɫһ䣬˷ǰˣҩҩ
ɫ˫ĿһСǴűﲻ֪Ǳʥ
ôܣʯһϲüͦͳ˵ʥǽ֮ɫ˵ղ㶼˵ǰɫѵʥ֣
ʥֻһ֣˵ɫǲͬԪʱɫʯĶ档
࣡ʯԼȻѾΪ̫һİɫʯ֪˵ǳɫģûȫΪɫԼҲǴһȭģɫΡ
ǱˣҪ˵С˵Ҫˣɫδʥһ֮󣬱ԻΪ֮ɫ
ͬǷԪɫǽתΪתΪ֮ɫȻҪʥ
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ɫδʥʯ˫Ŀһ¶˷֮ɫû뵽׷ѰʥȻԼϣ


߰ʮ˻ ʥ
ɫ֪òܳɰɫʥʯһ䡣
˵ʥΪɫΪɫǰɫǸոתΪɫûиǧʱ䣬ѴﵽڣȻҲȷɫ
˵ֻҪʥļʣ㲻ԡæڵ
ҡͷҪظ˻Ե컯һ˭ʥԽ׵ģǲǿһ㼸ʰˡ
ֻʥƳܴӽʣҪʦ˵ӵԸ֮ˣҲӲСĽ׼ʣԣ߲Ļüʮϰ꣬Ը
Ըڽ׹Чʯʵ
ҲҶǽ֮еԸֻʦ˵ѣûϣ֮ĤݲԸ۾Ȼ̵ʯ
ʯɫһ¶˼֮ɫ
˵Ҳ֣϶оԸԽϡ٣ȥĻԵһԭĸ˹߲˹ӡ£ü
лǰָ㣡ʯ˵
лңüɱ㸸ףĸҲ̹ȻҰɣһ㶼ң
ǺǣǰģҲƽ飬ֻҪûж⣬ұ㲻ʲô⣬Ҷĸȴһֱû䣬֮ǰ˾ͽҲعڻʯЦԼֲĶӣʲôɱˡ
ĲǺҸ𣿡ŵһ䣬ɱ֮𣬿ɾ̫ϡˡ
㻹ңҪк⣬ҲˣǰúϢҪʱԸִµӣڱؽᾡ㡣ʯ΢Ц
ۿʯһ˿ɫϹȻôĶӣǸˣͲ浱飿
νȻ֪Ҳ֪ʯ˵꣬۵˵ͷԽʯ￪ʣоԼĶҲ޷ʯȡ
ʯȻػ˿㣬ϷͲˣϣʯʣ۵˵
Ŷ˵˵飬ʯĳػǷйأ˵ǵǰ칬֮λݺŵϹɣʯ˫Ŀһе˵ȻǺۣǶȷʵϲ
ЦǺǣЩǱѣ¶֮ɫʵ꣬Ϊ˹֮λı㸸ף㸸ʥĹأʥ
ŶΪʥ֮ӦǾԵȨ˰ɣʥԼģΥȻ˸Ҹ֪ʲôʯЩ⡣
˭˵ʥǹʥģһһֲ˽ʥء
˵õҲûһĹؾƻҲû˸˵֣그µĴ̫ʥɡ
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ȡʥܣʯɻΪʥ֮Ҫʲôõŵȡ
֪ʥĹ̫࣬ǹҲʥȨʥڵľܣģȴÿһţʥԵĴԲȥʥ鿴ܡ
ÿһιҪάʥҪʥܣȻԵĪ˵ɷʦ岻̣Ϸ޷ƻʥĹء
ڷͨ飬ʥֵصӵȡܣʥĳͽҪ͵ѧʥĹ
һڷʥŮ֣֮пܰʥڷ̣һʥпܻܵڷ̵Ĵƻʥ棬ʥݣ
ҿ±Ϸʱ֣ڳϻϳԼǳϻλӣϾʦѡһѡ˾ңҳϻк֧ܶҡ
ƺûüʥڵĻܹѽȴΪҾսЩԷڡ
ʱûаҷϣսʧܣʤһʵҲң˶ҵʵֻѡ
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ʯɫһ˽գ˵ûɱ˵Ļ֣³ˣУѵ㲻ʥΪԼļҾ춼ܱ˴ߣ


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ҵһʱõϢǰȥ׷ҪܣҲ֪ٶȼǸӳȥã֮ǹ򲻸ˣҽ׷ˡ
Ϊ˱ѵҲΪάʥϣҪʥܣȴܾ˴֣ʧֻɱ
һ⣬ԭһдȥˣҾҲӦܹܻߵֵʵûϵ
֪ΪȻȫɫŤƺʲôһдϣչ֮Ҵûɢ޴棬
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ǳҲ֮ҽɱصʥ֪ļҾҲʧϷߵǣ޹޶Ҳץߡ
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Ϊ˱ܣ˰˵ıȨλΪάʥϣΪ˰չذҪػܡ
ȴõôɢ˾ͽŪڹ֮䣬ҲǵʥҵܺߣҲ޹ˣ˵Щ
ʯЩû뵽Ļʯֻɣ˵ϸ룬ʱҲûҪƭԼ
Ҫֻ֪࣬еȵҵˣԽ˾ͽ
һУ̫ˣȻܵߣƻʥǾȥˣʯ̾Ϣһ
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ȻҲ֪Ϊ˵ؿܺҽʵһŭ֮¶㲻ɣʯЦЦ
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ǰ࣬ˣ˰ɣ㣬ǿԳȥ𣿡ʯЦЦ
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ǸȺúϢԺ˵꣬Ϣʯ뿪ڡ
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ȥһĸ˵꣬ʯ֣˲УһЩ˰䣬ɵ÷׷׳ޡ
ΪǸɺһû뵽컯ŪˣǾȻʥˣָĸ֮пһ䡣
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ѵҾоڤڤеԸǰҲٴΣʵ֧Ŵ߶ʥ޷ǰôá
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ų˫黤ʯԽֶ֮ڣǿ˿ɫ漴۳޾컯¶ʼϵشɫһʥ죬չسƿ


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ԶԶȥƺһɫ磬Ҫʯ粼˽֣⻨Դÿһ䡣
һɫΣҲʾûȫ죬ͬʯһȻһƬԴһЩɫΣ
ʯ֪ƣĴ߶۳컯¶Ϊһ̳ճҺ壬ȫɫУʱ仺ţɫҲƺƼɵһת
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ʯչصڣһʱȥɫȻûд죬⻹ʯԴҩ
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ʥȫ꣬һЩʥ˵Ը󣬵ȻǺ󻰣ҪԼԱ֮
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ٺ٣ЩӦÿԳ׻ָ˰ɣ˵껰һ৵һ֮ڣƬռٴλָ˰

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ʯϥһŵĶǰŵҩѾǵھŴγˣ֮ǰһʱȻʧ˰˴Ρ
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ΪʥңҾսЩҲ֪˭Ƿǣһ취˽Բʦĵòסص

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ʯʹѣҴܣʯָоԼʱᱻŵñ䲻ҧأͷ󺹽֡
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ʯüͷһ壬һãҪֹؼʱ̺㣬³ƿʧܣǿ޷ܡ
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ʵеңʯЩɻɫЩʹࣺĸʵеңûɱˣǲҡ
ʯ˫ֱͷȻɫŤЩʹӡ
ǲɱġҲɱҲɱҪɱңҲΪԱұɱˡʯŵŵŵĵ˺üоͷʹѡ
Ȼ䣬йһ磬ܳ任˵ظǹŻ壬ʮһԼЩİЩϤĵط
ʯ㺦ҵģ
Ǳɱģ

֮ʯһɱ֮Ρ½Ԫͨڹɽܺ꣬һһʯϵˣȻȫܣצʯ
ʯ˰벽漴סΡ
ȻҲɱһΣڵʯĳɲǵ׷ܵʱˣߡ
˵Żʯһ۱紵죬ʯɫһ˿ɱ¾һ̣ʯԼӵҵǰЩ˾ԲԼĶּ֣ͿԽĨɱ
αظǽĻ᣿ȻʵҪԵƿٲҵԼֻԼɱˣûвԼУ
ʯƻ̧һϣʯ˫Ŀ죬˷ɱ⣬⣬Ƕħ֮
ʯָֻҪĳȥʱԺкȻŻĳǿŰĴӣ֪޹֮ɥУѪɺӣ
ʯȻһ٣ⲻУΪҲɱ޹ΪµȶħҪɱȣʯĳԱںҾԲħɱ¾֮
˵ŻʯȻľƽͣҲŤɫƽĿצ꣬ҪǸղһ֣ͻΪħɱ¾һ;Ҳ䣬ʯһա
Ȼ䣬ЩһӰһ۶ȥһ³Ϊһ߰ɣľ޴ħֻ۾ɺޱȡ
ѵңûôףҶħ֮ǽӵ޾±ġ޴ĺɫħ˵
˼ʯĳûȤȻѾУǾ·ɣ˵Żʯһģһֻɫ۶Ȼʥ֡
ɫϯǿźɫħһĶȥһ̣ʦ۽һħᶼûжܣƾϣȻһѶ
ұģ㱾ңԼĹԼħģǲ̫ˣ˽㣬ͷı԰ɣҪѹԼʼ£ɫħЦɢɱ¾֮ɫ
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ʯ޽ӽΪ߶ɾͫǺεܣ
Ȼ޷ѹ㣬ԸٲҲͷڰʯ̧һ㣬һȦȦɫ˿ƺɫħɢһ򲨶
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֪˶ãһ죬һ£һ꣬Ҳʮ꣡
ʯ֪оȫʹѣ廹ڣ̴棬˫Ŀ۵ʯȻ޷ӦƬ̺ʯ˫Ŀ漴֮ɫ
ô⣿ʯԼȻҽԺ
Сӣˣ120üʱСһСٺ٣°ھЦеĿʯԼȻصִ֮ǰһУѵֻһξ


߰ʮ Ժ
120ʯʱˣĸİ
СôˣûüģƲᰡҪϢһʱ䣬ϧǼѣˣ̾Ϣһһʹ֮ɫ
ʯǵԼѧԼƻ˳ҵͬѧȥKTVףȻȥҸϵԭΣȻ
ѵΣҲǴԽ𣿡ʯָ׿ģꡭۡţǼٵģ
һԶˣʯʵ
죬ҪҽԺȴӪ룬㣡ƲƲ졣
죿ʯüԼһξ࣬Ҫ˵֮ǰһξǳξҹδ̫ʵ˰ɣ
ôˣʯֹһʯࡣ
ˣҵģСȲأȲؿڵȶദۣɶͷඣҡͷԵ˵
ԣʲô쳣ʯɻ
ûʲô쳣ȻԣʼΪѲҪֲˣٺ٣û뵽㻹ˣЦеĿʯ
ⲻΰɣʯɲĿ˿
ΣѵԴˤˣüǾ
ŸʯƲƲ졣
ҪˣҲڣСӻи˰ˣǰļͬѧֽ˵Σ¥ҽԺ㡣ָָϰڵļ
ŶʯɵӦһⳡ̫ʵˣˣ⼸סԺ˭ģ
ȻˣϾǱΣ¥棬ͿҵæˣСͱǮˣҲûʲôǮЦ
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ѡʯԸǸʵξ֮С
ףˣҵĹڲڣʯ˫Ŀһ̧֣Զһֻƻңңһ㣬׼Уɴ۾ʯ
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šֻƻȻƾʯôָָҲ޲
Сӣƻ˵ֲָҡҡͷô˳һƻʯ
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ʱ䣬ʯҽԺȹģͳԺˣʱʱʯĸµʱʯԺˣӵʯ
ôԺĸоɣǲм˶ͷλҲûطסȥҼҰɣ˸ӣڵ
ðɣллˣʯǹ¶Ӧûʲô⣬˵֮ǰξʲôûҵˣʯ׼Ҹù
ƾԼƾʯҹӦòǺѣֻķʯȴе㲻ϰߣ俴ŽֵӵĽγȥȥȺ﷦ζոһա
ʯԺ˰ôȵǣʱԶӰһһŮʯͬѧеĽƽŮĽгѩã
ԣϴοľǣָָˡ
ѩãƽҲ֪ҪԾͳԺˣʯͬѧҲܸˣǿĿеŮѩã
٣һѲк󸣣ˣ֪ͨ㣬Ҳû绰ҲҲ㰡ֱֻˣƽʯߣʯļ
ʯȻԼĵ绰ûˣǵʱ򶪵ģþòˣˣǽúúȵ㣬ȥҰɣҪǲ㣬Ǿͳȥȡ
ʲôȣѩüŸճԺڲܺȾƣСףһ¾ˣܻͬѧҪġ
СѾͷ˵Ĳ㲻ܺȾƣȥҼû⣬ǷԼţͷҳԿֳɵģʯϵûʲôġ
ðɣȻȥ˵ʯ䣬׼߶ݹ⣬һ̺ȻԼǸͨˡ
߰ɣȽҲãƽһ⳵ʯǰ棬棬һṦ򣬾͵ķӡ
ȻΣ¥ҲǺһ㣬ʯе㲻ҽȥνһҧʮ¾
Ȼ˻ǽȥˣǰ࣬ûʲôȽļҾߵ·ϼֱ˲ˣصѩôúʼƽŴвˣ
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ſţʯϽ¶˼֮ɫȻһˣ׼ȷ˵һ
ãʯųѩõıӰ֪Ϊ˳캰˳ѩ֣Ȼһת㶵ĿʯĪĹʣ


߰ʮĻ αĽ
ڽ𣿡ѩÿ˿ʯ
ĽãʯһͬСɣѵԼŮѩӵĸ״ԽƷĸ
ôܽãѩһ˿ɫЦЦһ㺹ˣ
áʯҲ˰亹ѩãԼ֮ǰһоͿܲξŮŮʾʵ
ֻʯǾЩԾЩ˵ѵǸջصִҪӦͺ͸յŴһӦ
ʯϢѩúƽ
Ǹ֮ʲôˣʯʵ
ٺ٣Ϸ칦ǻԣڿ𣡡ĵһһ΢СУôʬǲˣ̻պϣ
ʯƲƲ죬죺ôСӻƲϣܶ˶칦ܣֻǲͨǰ¶ˣƲңѵҲн
ʯ˵һָܴ㣬˵ҲٴǱϾһΰֻʯһֱ׶Ų¡
ûʲôʯҡҡͷоԼصִ㿿Űѧ쵼㣬ƺҲûʲô塣
ʯĵףһŰµŮӰ
ξУǸŮӺʯЦЦЩŹֵĿʯ񾭡
ʱƽ˸绰ͬѧһӣһŮ责˱ƽ˹һЩˮͲƷһЩơƣ
ЩƷѣʯЦЦ
ٺ٣󲡳ȻҪˣӴֵ˵
ǣ㶼ˣһֱ׷ʯȻܹʯһֱŮѩãһֱûͳһ贵׷
ֻѩѧУ﹫ϵŮܴܿʯҲûҳѩöԼһֱ䲻ȡ
ˣҿɣʱ򣬳ѩý˶ƽֱ꣬ӰѾưӣ贸ʯһƿϡ
ǣ㲻ܺȾư贿˿ʯһеӡ
û˿ڲˣȻЦѾͷ˺ó԰ô׾ƣðɣǺȵơˣ
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ƿơƴ򿪣ʯԼŮͬѧ˶ơơ
ôˣѾͷҲȵɣ˵ŻŮҲƿơơ
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ҲȾơѩһЦ
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⡭贺ͳѩöһۣЩεĵ˵ͷ˭ʯǸҪչأŮҲơơ
˵һͷһγԹѩķˣóԣʯЦ
𣿡ѩһЦ
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㻹Ա˵ķˣѩƺЩ˸С
ʯһĪŮ˼æúúãԺ֧ķˣ˵꣬ʯȻҲЩɫ΢졣
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˴ҹȶסˣֱӻصС˯ƽҲſˣӱȱȻĆ²ͣȻЩ۾
ѩҲûٺȣС˵ȥϴּ䡣
ѩˣȥϴּ䷣һ۵һӸ˵꣬ſ˯ˡ
ιӣӡʯûӦɵ̾ϢһôʣԼû°
ʯʱ򣬷̧ͷҲ֪Ǿԭ򣬻ԭɫ쳣ޣȥ͸˵ƻ̲סҪҧһڡ
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ϲ㣡ڹ󵨵ʯŮѣ𣿡
⡭ʯЩԥûлشĿһϴּ䷽򣬷贼״Щŭƿһںȸɣͺȶſ˯ˡ
ΪʲôӦʱϴּſˣѩúС˳
Ϊʯü˵һû˵ڣЩΪĿ˿ѩãԼȼƿƾͺˣ׻˵ׯ˵
Ϊ𣿡ѩֱʯߡ
һԭɣʯҲңгЦò
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Ϊʲô˵ѩʵ
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Ȼ˵㵹ϲ벻һ𣿡ѩý˵ٴʯļ˿
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Ǿһɡѩ૵
ǵǰһԥĴӦڣҪ侲һ£Բ𡭡ʯԺУӰϳ֣ʯЩķҡ
Ϊʲô㲻һֱ㲻һֱһҸᣬ㾹ȻܾѩЩ΢ŭֱӡ
Բ𣡡ʯΡ
Ҳ仰ѩõ˰죬ʯҲûʲôӦﾲƬ̣ѩþȻסʯĲӣһ˫۵˫ӡȥ
Уʯæ
ʲôⲻһֻҪ𣿡ѩýסʯһԼ·죬ҾҪŮˣ
ʯоâһڵȷҪҵŮˣ
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Ȼ䣬ʯɫһƺȻ˳ѩõĲϣ֮½䰴ǽߣ
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³ʯЦЦҵȷһֱϲ㣬Ҳ㵱Ů񣬲Ů㡭Բǳѩá
Ҳǳѩ˭ѵҵãѩɫһ䡣
˭Ҫˣĵ׵ȷһں֣ǲǳˣڣֻϲ㣬ңıģ
һңǱģѩò㱩¶̫ԣҲ̫ļˣû뵽ѹĵôõ£ܻҵľûʵĳߣЩ⡮Ľ١ĵʯɫһ
㲻һ𡢷һ𣿡ѩ˻
α棬ΪұģĽᣬԣʯһŭȡ
һ̧˵ʯļΪԵĳѩͷһģ΢΢һ㣬žһƸպó˳ѩõϣʹԶѩһǽʧӵӰҲŷҲģ
صһ죬ܳһŤģ󽥽ʧ¶ƽԭԭʯϥڵ棬޷ԶâɣĳХ𶯰˷һӴϢֱ


߰ʮ 
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桢ԪϡϡϡۡС߹λһɳϣԼһ֮ܵóһã
ǰȷǹϢǽ׷ԪɹˣϿ˿ۡ
ǺǣȻȻ;ƺЩϷҲ˰亹ȷʵǳɹˣǲõģЦ
ʯôأϽҲʶһ£ʲô״̬ΪԺ˵ϾԼͽܣ
⼸ƽϢľ״̬òŻصģЦЦ
ڴһһʯſһ˿ڣֻʯ׹һǳ
ֵǣ˲ûзʯһжôǿѹ֪ʯһΪϢ֪ɨԷʯĴڣⲻľĸо
ˣ˳ˣЦ
Ȼе⣬˳ʯЦЦɴС֦ǴﵽǧɣɫתΪɫͬһչڵա
СǣȫΧŰɫӴޱȣ֮ʱԾˡ
֮ϣƯһ㵭İɫԸ׺ʯ׵ƿ
ʯΪϲıǣһ֮ҲٴʯģھǧĳϺȫʢʱڣҲѹǡ
ʯ˵ܹǿѹż廯Ϊ壬ʯҲܹ֮
Ǳͨʯڵ߶ɾͫԸԿռϷ磬ɾԸħ࣬ʯ׽ͬ׶ֻܡ
˷ײʯ߶ֱ﹦Ҳܴ۷Ȼϴ˵չĵ˵غǿӲʯȴûз
˶ʯʾףأʯ鵭Ȼظ
ʯ˵㽫Ͻ籦ｻ˳ϣʵ
Ȩ֮ƣ˵гһһʯЦЦ
ڸոսףʵӦòۺħն֮²ǶֵģԺǽӲӲĺá˵
˽⣡ʯ˿ڵ֪ʲô仯
һ˵꣬˶ЦˣЦĺܿġ
ڣ˷չ׳ʵûʲô仯ɽˣ֮½ܹڵ֣Ц
ʯͷһЦ漴һ߳ϣųϣǰʯĳΪԱȲѸǷöʵǱǸ
ʯǰ̫ˣ
ǣ˱ˣĻᶼûϴͱɱˣ˵Ҳûнĸо
ǣһֱʯǰҪǲжƴˡ߹˿˵
ǶĽҩԳ׽ϵĶԣ㹻ʥ֮˷ãλϣҽҩǿԷȥⶾ֮ʱȥ֮˲аʯ˵Żȥһֻƿ
߳ɫһĽסƿųҲһȻǣûʲôżڶʥҲչмӣȥжɡ
ǣб˵İѱҩʼһĽᣬܹⶾȻ֮á
лʯǰ֣߳ص
ʯǰǵʱ뿪ڣųʵ
ȻλھͿ뿪Ȼѡļڣʯĳھ˫ֻӭʯɫ
⡭߹λüԾĿ˿ۣҲüһĿʯһۡ
Ƭ̺̾ϢһˣѡϷ򶼲ǣ¶ʥһʥļ¼ӴңȻϷʯһҲʱӭǻȥ
λϿǺܾãվΣһ
лʥչպʥѣԵȫЭǾڣ߹λ˵
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ʯȻü˵¶ʥʲô˼ѵɷѱˣǱռˣ
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ô㣿ʯ˵꣬ŭŬ죬Ҳû˵
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ҵĸףʯ˫ĿһУ˵ʯӣˣ⻹ͲԼĸס
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̾Ϣһһֱصʥع֮λеĻ¹ʥʢʥֻϧûлָʵڲʯȥԼĸװɣδ̫Цˡ
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̫ˣʯ΢΢һЦ˾ͽڳˣҺЩɢһҪ㣡ʯ޺ްϾûӴҲûԼйκν
˾ͽϲ̫ͬˣʧȥʯΪĸᣡ
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ϣ֪ͨط磬ĴԲȫڼϣУսߵҲϣСص壬лԲ֮ȫٺ٣ڿԴʥһˣʯЦЦ
ǰڶǱϴȥæҲǿóʵʥһȥɾͲͬˣʯ㳲
ҪǣʯΪԼ䣬Ͼɾֻ֣ͫҪԷһܣȨʥս԰ܣʵ˶ֻųųˣ
һºʯۡ߹λϣԼԲһ۷壬ƺƵʥˣ
ǰĮҲѶִսһϲյˣ
ǽǬԪ½ʯ·ƽҴۣĮʹ
ԳӭӣȻڼ̽Եвʯ˼ʯ㳲Ͳƽȥ
ʯֻ΢΢һЦһϢһţǽÿѪӴƽڲ˷ֺҲ֪ѾĴˡ
ºʯ˺ƺƵʥھ޵˸һڵ棬ʥ˱ǳ֣ȻҲֻˣȴûоʯˡ
ⷨϱְ˾ͽΣվʯ˶棬ʥɷɫѿվ˾ͽң׼ΪУ
ǸóƺΪ˾ͽϣʯ˫ĿһУ
ǺǣⶼҪˣЦе˵ʯ˷׵İɣʥ㸸׵ģѵҪ㸸Լ˻ǲҪչɱ¾ˣ㸸ףʥ㣬һȥɣ


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˫üһ壺ߣҪʯһȥ
һ㻹׵ẦԼĶӲɣ
ϺǰϷǿ㣬֮ǱͬУһкܶҪɫһ˵
Ǻǣ޷ļѿͬУȻҲǸŮЦе˵
ãȻˣǾȥĮ㣬Ǽһȥʯ˵
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޷˾ͽ˵׵ܶԼĺ֣ʯһνӣż˸ڿնʥǰ
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ڲеĽ䱸ɭϣֻһӰˣЩįЩɣ֮С
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ңǺǣȻʥ֮Сʦܣּˣת˵
˻һ˵꣬˶Щ𾪣Ϊ˾Ǵǿʯͫһû뵽ǿ̻긽
㾹Ȼŭû뵽㾹Ȼţ
ȻЦЦҪл㵱ûɱңǹҽգ˵㻹ʦֵܵꡣ
۴ŭߣյСˣἰʦֵ壿ұûк֮ģҷ㣬Щʦ𽻴ڵĹء
ֻҰ̫󴥷棬ȻṬ֮λȴ˾ͽ޶Ȼڣȴ
˵ϹŨŨ˸Уи޵ķŭҲŭ
ȥˣʦֵһֻҪս壬ʥؽҿԽ֮λø㣬ǰǳ׻壡Ƶ˵
ս壿ŭ㺦ɢһҪָ˵Ż۱׼֡
ߣֻһߣ۱һ֮ɫĿȻûлָǰȻһ
ҶԹֿԣվԣЦĿ˿ۡ
ʯüǵ˽ҿԲʣ˾ͽϣǵӦɣ㼸ɱңּ䣬ٰɢҺ㣬թЩѡ
֣ɫҵǱȻɱ㣬ҶϻбֻҪΣգϻһа취㡣
ιڣϻпӣһܣϻ˸һδΪⷨǵĵˣҪˡ
һܱİȫоϢȻɱ֣ЩΪ˱ȫ
ǰ˵㻵ϴԣֻǲìܣһԶ˵ŮģЩʹཻһ˱ܰĵȥ
Ѿɣֻû뵽Żţ֮ʽҾ£¶ʥһûаֻҪܱϷ޺
ȷҺܶ࣬Ҳ˺ܶ޹ˣʯ˵˾ͽаԼЩʯǲöֻ֣Щ߰ˡ
΢΢һŭݵ˾ͽûûн죬ҲڣȻҲǺ㲻ܺŮһ𣬲ȻԺദ
ʸǺңҪҲҼǺ㣡ۺֻʼδᡣ
ʯȴЦˣǺǣˣҺһʯĳΪҪģ
㸸ף
ҿûƵĸףʯν˵ΪĿթΪһ˽ΪʥܣȻк˼Ҿ죬Щֶֻ˵Ǳɡ
һЦɬɣҺʱɣֺʱк˵ļҾ죿޶һֱţ⻹бɣûдɱһˣֻ塣
һɺԣĸסΪα˾ͽɱϺк𣿡ŭ
ǺǣЦЦҺʱ˵ˣôɱãΪ˶Ը壬ȻһЩֶΡ
Ҳ֮ˣ캦֮£ȻڣֻǼ䱻ˡ
˵ʲôţ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ǺǣȻ㵱ʦֵûɱңôɱ޶˾ͽԸǣǲΪұ㺦ԲżǺǲ߻𣡡ЦЦ
ҡûʦǺҵ˵𣿡־ϲ
ٺ٣Ȼû΢΢һЦʱֻǾҪΪֻҵʱҲû飬ĸײû㻹
Ҽһ㶣ôܣҺʱ
ٺ٣ɣ˵꣬󷽻߳һʮ꣬һȹϴżã
ʲôҦϣһȡ
˻ʶϤˣԼ뿪ʯȥҩ֮Ӧ˵˾ͽ˵ԼľѣҪһʦѧϰȶľ
ʱǺλҦѧϰĵҲ˾ͽ԰ŵģʱһ׽УֻʵǾȻԼĸף
㻹ţĻţһϲҪǰҦһ
ʲôˣҦüһ塣
˾ͽô£
ٺ٣𼱣ֻǼ䱻ˣҦϲҪֿͰļƳ˵껰Ҧͷһӣһâһš
Ҧ˫ĿЩľګƬ̺󣬽ֱָȫָ֮˫ĿʱЩʪ


˽ӵʵʱԲۣ˲ţҦѯһЩ飬ͽ˵ĺӡ

㾹Ȼҵĺӣ
˽ӵһ̣žֵۣûζģҲ¶ϲõỨԭһĳҲʧ
ʯžۣ֪ΪΣȻԼЩµĵΪ˸еˣ
Ǻǣû뵽ǻԣû캦飡ʯ˿
֣ƻûɲҸǵĿֻԼȻ֪û֮ҲͲټǺˣЦЦ
Ǻǣʥ֮Եʥܣʯĳ޷ͬʯʼ硣
˫üһ壺ӣѵңҲЩԣ뵱ġ


߰ʮ߻ ֮
ʯȡʥܣҲһĿ˿
ߣڵĹأʥ򲻵ѣԿʥ鿴ܣΥѵǴ۴Ļ
üһ̾ϢҲǵˮһʵǿҲǶ֣ζսܡ
һֱǵϴ·Ѱɾͫ޷սʤұųЩ׼ٿ߼ϻᣬҪʥ鿴µĻܣиߵĹЩϹỴ̂ȻȫƱ
ȻͶˣɱʥ
ĳҡҡͷȻϻᷴԣʱҲĳǬԪ½һСҼңһܶ
ʱΪûʲô֮СطٻںҲЩԪ¾֮˻ȥ̽ա
׼뿪ʱ򣬺ȻоһĲȻ쳣ޣܸоõˣʵ
֮ұ˶Ȼûеõʲôǻʱ䣬ƿһƣȻȳһˡ
׼ȷ˵һл꣬ǽӦϽ֮µģӦÿԽĥȴûϵҴ˷ӡ
ֻһлǳȴ֪ȫʢʱӦͨӦһЩͨһЩأҰꡣ
ϾڶڣҲˣʲô˷ΪȻҵ磬׼ռҵ塣
ûôױóѣҲǵлûа취֪ʲôҪͱԼ궼ٵ
ֻҪҲʱܱռ壬ҵĴ±֪һʥѣ㲻ҶκἰԼձչѹǵлꡣ
˵ǵл꣬ѵģʯɲֹһ˵֡
ͷⲾǱ֮ˣһ죬ұչѹʱ򣬴ⲷǵް֪ҵһһҵܣƺҺ϶Ϊһһ㡣
һǹһ񣬲ûнѹƿ壬ȻҲ޷ҵ꣬ȴܿҵ塣
ʯĸ׻ȥȡ˺ڷ̶ܣǿҵȥʥȡܣ˼ֵسϣʯĸҲʱˣҺøʯ޴󰭡
ڷʥ֣ܵΪĻ뿪ʥûϵ˾ȻҡڵʥðҹС񣬵ʥһ£Ǻܿı֪ˡ
飬Ӧ˽⣬޷ǳ϶ҵҵĹ֮λƺҰĲС뿪
ͦҪԾʽϹ֮λһս֪֮дϲ֮£ǰƻĳУװҲǽشűĹ
˫ĿһֲãһֱõӮЩңȴ֪ʲôԭԭˣôˣҾߣ
ΪҲˣƺΪ˹壬Ȼռ壬ȴҲ޷ѹңҪߣͱϡ
ҵʱ֣һˣôƾҪأΪʱ屻ˣأĵûд󰭡
ߣֻһǾǱҵ޶Ϊ֪һӣͬңұ㴫Ÿҵţҷ˸٣ûж˵
̽˾ͽҲǷģȻȹһһֱû뵽˾ͽȻҵĶ顣
ҵĽ޶ߣֻûϵ޶ҲˣҲ˾ͽᣬҵҲ֮١
ߣΣΪβ˾ͽʵ˵
Цû취ʵΪҵһһҲǳֻ뱣޶ȫӡ
û˵ʵ飬Ϊд㣬ΪӳʥΪܱ׷ϣҾӣҪһ㣬ѵ㲻ǵãôģ
ɫҵɱΪһУȫԶȥ
ǲɱɱ׼֮ʣұ㶯޷жԲű塣
֮ǰսˣԷҵƲ֮һ˾Ҫĳ
ҲҸ˾ͽʵ飬֪ҵļƻңû뵽ҾȻɱķʽ
ʲô㱻ƣɱȻΪģ
ȻҵʥգѾʥˣҲˣ΢Ц
ôţ鿴ȷʵˣ۾ɲ˵
ĵĹ֮ˣǱᣬȻһǰһ꣬ҶʱѹסûϢ
Ǳɱһǰһ̣ķڸɢڻҲɢһգȻΪˣҶûϵһ֡
ȻҲ⣬ǾҲûǵǼںˣֻұƻأһֱҷ
ҺҲ鿴ʥڷ̵߻ܣȻֶĹ϶Ϊһγһܼ֮ͨΪ벽쾭ͬϰô԰Ⱥۡ
ֲõڽ򲻵Ѳɲ鿴һʥߺڷ̱֣־ñغϣֻҪһ𣬱ٴԻͻ壬ν࣬Ҳһŵơ
ӵ׼һɢϣɢޱһУ׼һϣűɱ
֮£ûΪȫӵ˴ǸСطѡһʵ۵ǿϡ
Ӵǿָ㣬ΪԱ˺ڷʥ⹦ǿʵȻͻͽֻʧ㣬֪ǲط֮Ӱ죬˵꣬Ȼ޷ǿ꣬޷ںϡ
£ֻĥǿ꣬׼ͬǿ꣬ռ壬ջ£ֻǿͬռһ壬ȨȴֻǿԼ
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ʯƺռǿ壬Ҳ׼ɱʯڣҲ֪ʯҵĺӣԵûаæϾ˭壬˭صΣգ
˭ûϵʯʵȻ֮ǿľȻ޷׽ɱҪ֪ȻûлָʵǻɱһԲ׾ٵġ
̫СȻðʯһĸҪɱСʱǿ־ᶨռ壬ƴܾ˵ķʽԲУ֮˽յشˡ
ʱҳûռȨϽֳ˸طȹ꣬գ屻ռݣһ֮£벽쾭гɡ
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˻˵꣬ڳ֮޲𾪣
ԭˣһоȻ֣ʯĳһ⣬֪ǿɻڣʯȻ˶Сĳŵ


߰ʮ˻ ֮Σ
ʯҲ˸š
νǺͼ־Ϊ˻岻СڣΪ˱Ƚ壬ΪѵñͨһҪʥ赹ԡ
˶ȻʯҲЩ۲޴ֻǰЩ̹Ű塣
ʯĸ׳־ȽԶĿȷΪãֶֻЩƫˣûʲô캦Ĵ¡
Ͼĸ׶ûɱҪȻʯԼûһˣȻԼںɱ֮𣬵ɲһںɱĸ֮ޡ
ʼΪ˷һսȻݱڵӡ
ʯǿ飬΢΢һЦ
ǺǣǿĻȻڣϾǵĻ޷ںϣֻѹƣֻǺںܾˣѾ˷ҩֻҹҵĴ£Ц
̫ˣʯ˿ԼӦС飬ڿԶˣţʯ˫ĿһеĿ˿˾ͽϣ
˾ͽϣڣʯæʵĸ黹Ǻġ
˾ͽЦЦģҩ꣬Ҳȡ°壬ǿһҩȵֻҲ
ã⻰ʯ˿Ȼû£Ļ˾ͽΪԼãʯҲһԹ˾ͽġ
ã㵹ˣѵˣ˵ڴҵҲ˵ˣǵ飬Ӧúú̸̸ˣ
ʯü˼Ҳĺӣ
˾ͽһˡ
üȰ˵ʯ⸸ȻֶƫһЩûʲô캦飬˵ЩҲֻġ
ܱ׼ҵϣҲһúҲ㶪ˣң˶٣ۼ㼴ҲǵĻ£
Ҹĸڣ㲻ҪΪǵ飬Լĸ׶ϣҵ˽㸸׵飬Բϡ
Ҳ˽һӵ飬ǲܹ㣬֧㣬෴Ҫ׶ϣ㷴п׵Ķףƽ˵
ߣƲƲ죺ǸŮЩģðɣȻˣҲˣСӣ㻹ң
ԣ˾ͽҲЦˣĴž۰
ȿȡʯͷЩε˵˼ҲϣĲʯˣڣҲͲˡ
ʵʯͱǿˣҲǴ˽ˣ緢һ⣬ͷֳ棬һ֮УԭҲ
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ôһ˵Ҳˣʯ֮Ӵˣ仯ҲһЩ
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һǷϵϣ˫Ŀʧ˲·࣡
ǺǣһΪ壬ȴüֻʣԼҵıӦ
ʯĸҪǻȥȡڷ̻Ҳˣôʣʯ֮ҲͲ᲻ζˣһжǳģҪǣ˾ͽȥ׼ϷҪͬھ˫Ŀһ˵
ʲôĻûɫһ
Ǻǿܾ˰ˣǼ϶ΪһأҲû취ĥ𣬸޷ңһ˵
üߣûɱŮķϣҾɣ⹬֮λҲںֽǵ𡣡
ûõģҡͷˣҪ벽쾭ѹƣˣȻƺأָģҪǲڴֽ壬ȻɱԺᱻռٻ壡
벽쾭ѹģʯһ䡣
Ӧһ
ѹãʯʵ
ʵѹ˶ãֻҪָܻԣ໹ܳŰ꣬ϣǰɵһסҲˣ֣صĿʯ
ȿȡʯһ֣Ǹһ취ڵĸɵɣͲõҿˣ
а취Ըģһϲ漴ҡҡͷ벽쾭Ĺֻǿѹƣ취붼ˡ
ʯ΢΢һЦǰԪʱʩչ쾭Ϳ⣬Լʵ÷쾭ǿɾͲǿôˣ㲻÷쾭ʯҲĲܡ
οԼʩչ쾭һǰ벽쾭Чã
ʱʯȻӵϴţȥ˵Ѿʧأˮ½һ𣬹˺ڷ̷ǬԪ½Ѿռ죬򶫲š
ô֪УʯЦЦ׼˵ЩʲôȻɫ΢һһöУһóģۣ
ʯ֮󣬲ɵ˫Ŀ΢ãǳϴϢ˵ڷѾʧأڻ֧Ԯ
Щɻ󣺡ʹǵⲿڷֻ̺޷ֵѵ½һȫԱˣ
ʱҲʯˣû뵽ѾˮһˣǾȻܵ½һֽڷ̡
ѾĳĶԿˣ֮ĶԿµǣѾشڷ̳ʧأ
ʲôһŭһ˵˾ͽȥʥȫԱֺ֧ڷ̵ֿ֣


߰ʮŻ ͻ
Ѿ峹ռ죬Ŵ½ţĸŮʥڣҪȥֹ壡۽
ֹ壿ߵϻˣôֹֻʥĶȥ
ʲô˼֮ǰҰæھҪңŭ
ٺ٣Ҳң˵ˣҲʥ֮׾ʥúˣȥҲﲻʲôæΣգŮ°ɣƾԼӦɫһ
Ȼ֪ΪԼãǷԵòҪ̫ԴΪǰʵʹشˡ
Ŷʲô˼ɻ
üϴ˵Ǿ֪ʲôܼͨƺһ챦֣Ӧͨʥá
ѾˣŴȥڸڵ·ϣڻңʱ޷ָսˡ
ҪǣħնߣҽХ죬֣ǳϷȫʢʱڣҲսʤ
ʲôħնߣôܣʵȻֵزֲϴҽ壬ϹԳԲϳأǿгױһܡ
ڱչʲôгɣʺаХ֣մ˵ʵХϽ籦ħնǿ»Щ֣ü
ħնǲ֪ʯԪУһϸȫʢʱڶӲб޷ֵħն
ڰХУǴ߷һʯʹø߳࣬ХǾǼƽ֣ħնϷȫʢʱڣҲûӮİգҺͳҲռϷ硣ü
鷳ˣ̾Ϣһƽʱʵ൱õʥһжϷʩչ벽쾭Ҳ䲻¡
ǣһ֪ǳľ˵ʵڰХֳħն֮ϣҪȻҲ֮ңħնߣشЩߣҲһء
˫Ŀһֳܹħնĳϣ׼ȷ˵ǽشбʩչ쾭Ҳ˵ǱҵʵҪֲ
Ȼ˵㲻ҪԴһұȥæ֣ص
ҡҡͷȻΣգȥˣʥԺֻܿˣХֳħնϷܹԿǾ
Һˣʯ赭д˵
㣿˵꣬˶һ㶡
۰ֵʯ㻹Ϊֳħն㵱Ϊʲôۺħնǿ
Ȼʱж̣ûֿܵħնıĪ˵ԸԸХ춼ܣҪ˵𣬶Ըûħնĳϣǻмֿܣ
У㲻ȥҾͬھҲҪʵպһڵѡе飬ͬھǸõѡ񣡡ɫ
Ҷ֪ҽ׵ˣѵ˸ǣʯЦҡ
˾ͽҲ˵ͷȻǻǲҪ嶯׵飬Ǹñ˽Ϊ̫󣬿ܸӦõ
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һҪСģ㣡˵
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ⷨҲƽˣ˷ȺսҪһ½ĸ壬ԼСҲ׷׳
һ·ϣ˳޴ķۣ֮ÿҶ½˲μӣɢҲжԿ֮ģʱĴ£κҲӣʥ顣
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ʯʯۣĮˣ
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ʯ˫Ŀһ΢΢һΡ
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ʯĬƬ̣ε˵Щ֣Ľ٣ʶһͬţճѩļ¶˵һڵˣˡ
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ԣЦЦ
ڵǺǣΪʲôС֣ҲǶʥ˵Ľٵħ쳣ǿ
Ľٻ󣬾ͺñʵߵСˣͬӬ޿ײ룬ʱ̵ȴŻᣬֻҪвץ˿ӣһԵӿԸ㣬пٲ
һԶԶǾȻ֪ܸ֪ѶˣСԶǵϴεĽѵҲоԼĴ
ǸǵϵʹСûûмԵģǵĿֻһֻҪһǾͻ˸߲ҵĸоˣһצıĳԸ㡣
һΣлֻQСǿһǿСˣҲǵĽһȻǴѾȹĽٻʼմлָľ
Ľٻѩ˽ͣͲǰǱ㲻㣬Ҳ㲻ĽٻͬôС˰˽ĸԸ޷иĽٻҪȶľҪֻбңԼı£Ϊҡ
򵥵ĵĽٻͬЩСαQСǿϷˣˣͷ̣Ǻۣûκʧ㲻̫⣬ԼQסԼӣ
ԭˣлǰָ㣡ʯ˫Ŀĵ˵ͷ΢΢лȻʡ
ºʯ˻صڣ
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ȥʯ˵꣬Լ򵥰һʥԱפ
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벻ҪЩôʯ˿ϡ
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۵һ
Ȼ䣬ͻһɫƥڳмƺ׼ѾõĹƴǿһϯſֲϢѹȳȫʢʱڳһɫƥǺ׵ײʯؿڡ
áɫһ䣬ȴֹ۸Ǵһ˽ͻȻ֣ʵ˷ʤ۾þԼȫʢʱڣ޷һ֮Ҳؽܵش


ٰ߰ʮ Ⱥսһ
˭ûϵϾȻͻȻ͵Ϯ
һֿͣ˺޷µǣһܼ֮󣬼ں󷽵Ҳɫһ䡣
ʵʯҲû˿Ϊϱʵڳϣ
ɫƥ΢΢һײʯǰ
һ
ʯʶ̧ƣһɫϼϯһ״˿裬ǿֲܿĺɫƥһӴɫϼǱѩڰɢ
󻹲ȫɢʱ򣬻ײʯǰ
صһ졣
ʯһƺߣŵŵŵĵĲſסΣȻɫ΢ףǲ޴󰭣Ǻɫϯ˳ϵϣѪȫȻ
ǣɾͫƺֻרſɼұֹЧ˫Ŀһɴ˶ɲĿ˿ʯ
û˵꣬Ǵһģһص˳ϵϣ۵һϿѪɫ԰ײѡ
ˣϣʯһҪ㣬㾹Ȼ𱨣г͵Ϯֱ๼ɫȻŭҲ֪ǲΪʯԼδŮԭ
Ҳɫһϣ㾹Ȼʦĵ̣ͻȻʯɱ֣ҿǻĲͷˣҪʯӵרſ幦ɾͫһ֮ʯˣ
ʯҲЩ⣬Ҫɾͫרſħ幦ͨһԼؽˣȻҲҪԼǿᣬǺɫƥԼ̫ɾͫСܣҲҪǹɾˡ
ʯҲһϲҪǶԸ壬ɾͫûֿ֮Чڳ壬ɽıǽħƵġ
ʯûж룬ҲɫصĿɫ԰ףѪĳϡ
ǺǡϿɬһЦҪɱҪУϤɣ
Ȼˣ㲻ã˵Ż׼֡
ȵȡʯסʯмıǳϣ˵Լ޳ԹʯŴ˻ƽ޹˺Լ
ϣǲʲôԣģʯĳ΢ʱҲ٣Ҳɱ㣡ʯɫһ˵
΢΢ҡͷûõģǸǾĶֻ֣ǾȳҺڷ̵Ľڣң⶯ְɡ
ʲô˼ü
һЦʵǣҵħնߣХûг֣Ǿһ˳֣쳣Ľһܡ
ˣȫ˲̲ڷ̣¡ѾƣȻкܶڱ
ҪֻһǾһɱʯΪ֪ʯ½׵ֻҪɱʯʣһΪǡ
ԭΪʯ˷㲻ҲҪˣû뵽ɾͫȻǿӲ幦רſ֮
ˣǾĽҲһҺڷһɽڵĴۣʧܣڷ޷ĳҲԴǶְɣ
ôϽʥ֣Ȼ׻㣿ʥü
Ǽ֪ʵˣħն˰Х죬Ī˵ԸǶԸֳʥİХ죬Ҳ޷սʤ벻弴𣡡ͨŻյ˵
¡סˣʯüҪ˵ڷ̵ˣʯʵûʲôøУҪ˵¡ʯǺܾش˵ġ
¡Ϊ˺ˬҲԼæΪԼʵ棬ʯʵʵڵġ
ǽ¡Һڷ㱻ס֮ˣҪΪ˽ǣҲ֣ܶû취ȡǴҡͷ̾Ϣ
ԭˣֲͻȻҵص̳֣Ǳű֮ˣΪԼʯĳò޴ʯҡͷ
޴ҡͷȻѣ˵Щõģɫ̫Ҳ˵ˣֻϣɱ֮󣬻壬ܽҺڷ˽ȳĳָл
ģҲɱģңҲ취ȳ¡ǣʯɫ
棿ɫһܻغڷ̰ȫĳԸǶֱǣֻϣǵԼ˵ĻҾȳڡ
жȻһ䡣
һЦҲҵǰˣҲ֪岻ֳͬⱡ
Ӵ󣬲̲壬ռͽףԴѾԹʹˣǷ̨ܺԶ塣
˷սҺڷ̣ʹʧһЩͽף˲̲ڷ̣ǣ취Эã֮Σ
ߣ壬ԲЭϷƴҲҪ֪㲻Ǻ۸ģŭݵ˵
ʯҲ˳ϵĿԣȻҲЩ̾Ϣһ
İɣ㵱ҼΣһ취ȳڷڣ¡ҺΣҲȳнˣ飬Ͳòˣʯɫ
ʯ֪˵ʲôΪԼʵܶԿ壿㻹ᣬ˽
˵ʵò澡ɱʱҲɱ꣬ΪǷֲֳ̫ˡ
Ҳ˵ûħնİХ죬ҲĶ֣ϾսײãҪָɾֻܹͫˡһǷϵ˵
İɣʯĳа취Ӧ֮㰲˱ǣʯ֣ص
ʯʲôð취𣿡üȫؽΰݣ岻ͬһӴ𣬼ͨҰޱʹҲԶǷ˽شĴ
ֻҪͰХһսܣ岻ơʯ˵
˭кΰһǣҲЩ
аҪսҲҪս岻ԴУδһ·ڣ֮ǻ壬ԼСɢ޶Ѿۼ
ƽ½и˲룬սѾ֮ĦҪʱ
ԣǱһսܷսʤͿ컯ˣʯĳҲ˵ΪʵǿᣬҲûʮİգԣֻȫһս˵
սʯɣڵΣһһս˵꣬ʯ˵ͷ
ˣֻҪԪϾߣȫμսԪϾ°׻ͨΪרŶԸЩǵҰޣʯ˵꣬תȥ
ºǬԪ½
ʥȫȫƽˡˣڷ̲½壬ԼССһЩɢޣǬԪ½벿
Ӵ˿ֲʮˣֻʮޣԼһʵ岻Щǣȴ־
ʯۡϴ˵ĳϡĮΪף
ֻˣǲһľԼֳħնİХ죬壬Ǹֻ߽ʯαˣ;¶ʤЦݣ
ʯϴαɾͫٿ֮ϷһֱڻϴϷ˵ұչ֮󣬱ؽȡͷΪ죡δ䣬һӴϢͷŶ


ٰ߰ʮһ Ⱥս
ҪʯĳͷͿǷˣʯ˿Ȼɫأȴûʲô֮ɫ
ߣս׵Ȼ˲Ŀҵȳʵǰ֪ս׵ˣжôӴĲࣿԸþԶ֣Х΢
Ŷʯĳһ֪ħնϣܷӳʯʮ˵
ХЦϷûϽʥ֣ҲԺȫʢʱڵĳϣ۴ƽ֡
ʥκ˶ֻǰԪ˷ѣϽʥУܷӳʥеܣϷʥ֣һжҲ⡣
Ŷ˵˵ȥվֻϵĹˣħնûʵʯʼ磬мŭХֱӶõƣʵҲиס
ߣСӣȻôļҾͳȫ㣡Х˵꣬һӣһâϯǰħն
ûж֣Ҳ뿴ʯʵɫأƽâ˸ƺʱְʯ׼
һ
ħնڰջΪʮɴСܿռħնܸǿ˱Х޷ѪҺ̵ѹȸС
Х컹ûȶ֣廹壬׷׸оһݹһɢ
ϣԼĮԭûɷҲɵú˼֡
ħնеϷö֣ҲԪҽӽǰԪʵ˷ѡХһ˵
ǺǣְɣʯЦЦ
ȫ㣡Х쵥ңңһ㣬ħնȻĿâֱ˲ֱӣһǿѹȸУԼһƿ֮Ǿ޴ħնʯһն
˱֮ռŤ쭷֣û£ʯǸоѪҺڣ׷ɫ䣬ֱһ֮ġ
Ͻʥд߶ʵ̫ˣ
ħնʯͷʱʯ˫ĿһУ̧һֻƣֻһɫ̼ħն˼֡
ţһâʯļ
ǵâٶޱȣ̼ڰջΪһֱ޴򣬴ȥɺޱȣ쳣ͫ״һȦȦ״ӡǡ
ʯһߣǺɫȻһͫһȦȦ״ӡǷƮɶ̼仯Ϊһɫ˿ɵ״ġ
޴ķƮɰգɢһɲɣֳӴѹӦѹɫ΢ףƺֹ֮ˣᱻơ
ƺǰûеֿ˼ֱΪ˻ڵģ
Щ͸ʱǹ˿ɵӡǷģպõסڵħնײһ
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Ϊ֮һһһŴĿѶţںɫܿ˲û˸ˡ
޻壬׷׿һƺߣɫĶݹһٴԶˣɷɫһ˲ѡ
һΣĮˣҲһ
ûϽʥֵ˻ȥæʩչʥ֮ײǷԪܲˣǰҲ޷ӽ
һ
״ӡǷӦѶǹɾȴҲǽħնɣϽܲ¡
ֲ˼ɢղ𶯣ֲѹģʯХһΣԺС벽
ʯһϲû뵽Լ߶ɾͫȻӵӴܣ
ХɫһȻֻҪʯӵϽɾͫԼħն޷ܶԷⲻðХЩӹҲסĸо
һЦɾͫ滹û˵Х죬Ҳ⣬ɾͫԸ壬ȻûĿ֮ЧϾϽɵ۶
ħնȻҲϽ綥ʥƽ߲ºȻɾͫԸ壬ЧɾͲһˡ
˱ӵרſѹһйͨĹЧսԭеıϣȻһЩ׻塣
壬ƣԸǣǷӳɾͫԭˣûʲôƵЧ
Ǻðɣ˾Ӧʱ䲻ãһۺ񣬶սʱһã˱ؽ¶󣡡Х쿴˿ʯ
ˢһ¡
ʯɾͫǺǣ㲻Ҷ֣ҵĶ֣Ǿ
Хߵ˲û֣ͫϷ̼ͿҪֻҪɱЩ壬ǾͿռĵ̣ӴԴѷ⣬壬ɱ⣡
Хһ£ʮһҰ޵ĺУǵصʮ˵ɱ
ţǶվһ̫٣˲ǱΧЩʵǿᣬǰԡѪս
ɱϣѪ˲죬岻ʱʬڰ׹䣬еʬֱӻΪһƬѪ꣬ɢ
幦ȻԵһ֮ǿᣬеֿ屦﹥ֻҪһӽ壬Ǳ߻ɻԵĴ
ɷĮЩԪǿߣɱǰһЩʵǿĴҲЩնɱ
ռˮһϣռϷ磬ҪʮˮæƷĶʱڽɱ˰æҲռԵϷ硣
Įźۣɱ֮УսĮ˿ޣԶ̹ĮҲֳֺ࣬ڽÿһλӶгƬ屻նѪ귭ɡ
֪䣬ĮһѾѪȾ죬˺ɫȺ쳣ֻۣĮʵǿǰǰ޾֮Ҳ֮С
ɱһǰɱΧ߾Ȼ˸壬ֱնɱ꣡
ÿһϾͱѪȾ죬Ҳ֪ǶֵģԼģȻ޾ûһһ̻ɱռϷ磬һ̾Ϳܱ˺ΣΪҲΪѪȵȺս
ǺǣϢ˶ֿ꣬սˣʯеɾͫϷһûڣҾ𣬼Ȼ޷ұ˽ףһЦʯȥ
ٺ٣ȻˣҲóˣֻûж֪ҶսХ쿴˿
ߣԿˣɲҳǰȥƴ֮ǵһΣһīɫɽȻħնɢѹǿ󣬵ȻҲһϽʥ
صһ
ʯûжС֮Ӳĺ;ײһȭⱩ֮£ʯ˫һ𣬵ŵŵŵĵĲǵ֮࣬䲻Щȣ壬ȻܳһϷ磿


ٰ߰ʮ Ⱥս
û뵽徹ȻǿӲ壬֮֮٣һɵ˵
Ȼһ֮ʯռһ˿Ϸ磬ûбϣΪûжȫʵϾֻлΪʵǿ
˾ֻҪΪ壬ǿ׻ѹʯ֮ġ
ֻû֮սʤΪоʯ֮ʵ򵥣ⷽսʤûܣֻҪЩֽţϾ˫ر
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һ棬߶īɫɽصնħն֮ϣϽʥһײǱĿţ޲̾ܡ
Źϼīɫɽ΢΢ȻϽʥīɫɽԲħնǿδ߶Ҳ޷ֲƷϾ޴Ĳࡣ
һ𣬾ʱīɫɽһǻˣȻħնѹƵԷӳʲô
Ǻǣ˵ͽױҲó׳󣿺ߣ㿴ʥХ˵꣬Ȼһħն
صһ죬īɫɽӦɶٻطɽħնϯһѹһնȥ
ʯʶһ£ʥڷ綥ںϺĹħնϯȴû̫ɫ˫һֵĽӡ
۵һ
Ȼ䣬ܿռ΢΢Ťһ޷ԶɢһɿֲϢţͷųһɫ˲γһźơ
ħն˳ն֮ڣȴǲ֪ǷΪǺ֮ڣͰХҲоʲô
һУħնںںֱײһ֮󣬱ХջͷϿգƬڴһЦ
ϷĶ֣Ϊ𣿡δ䣬ƬŰХϯ
áХҪȴ֪ǹĺ˿ֲ˳ûΧһУХеı
Х֮ڣ֪ۿۣûоںεأ챦֣Ҳһоʹϵĸо
ʱʱĲٿīɫɽХв
Ƭռ֮УҲס˷Хüͷ壬ȴ޿κΡ
໺𡭡
һŭĺУХ׹ҫ͸ɢǿϢȻǻΪɫͻаɴСں
һ촫ƺǺڴ쳣ңȻХ챾ʵԶ壬ټӴħնң벽쾭ʥīɫɽ֮£ȻҲռôˣ
ףʯʩչĺɵ˫ĿһУ쾭ʥ޸ܾ֮ڵһ쾭֮ϣȴڵڶ쾭֮£
ʯɻǣ˹Ѿ޸ĵĲںͷ쾭ͬЩϤϢǽ޸Ĺķ쾭ֳֶ⹦ӡ
һӽ˺ڷ̣һʥ潫ֹطҲΪһŵƣһ˫һԷӳ벽쾭ǿܡ
ʥʣȻɲ⣡ʯ˿ԶƬɫҪûħն֣Ӧÿ׻ܰХ졣
⾿ʲôôżкڷ̶⹦ʥĻܹϢüٺ٣ϴαչǿгܵɣűǹˣҽʯȥɱ֪һ£ϴβ㽫һܣ
˵Żƺâһ漴ĳһɫͷӰɢӴѹǵϴʯԹ˵ͨԼӦ󽻸˸˫顣
һΣʯھʲô
ʯ̧Ͻ˸ǰһģһ𣬰ճֽɫ֣ʮ֮ɢӴѹʥ֣
޴Ľɫ߬ȭͷ漴ǾͷӰŭҶȥ¡¡һ죬ڽɫϼѶֲನϯȥ
ɫֵײ󷭷ɲѣҳѺۣͷӰǾҵײбѶΪڽɫˣϯȥ
һףû뵽ʯʩչʥֵ֣ܵԼĻˣȻҲû̫⣬˫һѩ㣬һɫ˿ѩڼ
һ̣ǿͨͨѩ˲䱻ɫ˿۳Ϊһ޴ѩɢһɿֲѹƺ̺˼ֲܡ
˵һ
ǰɫѩƻʵޱȵʯһҶȥԶɫ΢΢һǻȭΪסɫѩ
ȽɫַκܣֻǰɫѩܰɫϼһǽɫƱ˲߽ͬԡһ㡣
ǣʯ˫Ŀһ룬æһץ
һ
һѳԼɣ淭ĹӰ޽۶ɢĻѹʯۼǰɫѩо޽ԥֶ
ݣ
ӰΪһųβͣصն˰ɫѩ֮ϣռ𶯣쭷޽ֲܼ˲䴩͸˰ɫѩһֶѩҲ˲ڻСһЩ
һ̣ʯ˫ĿһΪɴС޽֮󣬾ȻֻʣʮɴСȻԷˮԹơ
ʯ̧һУ޽ͷɻأٴնѩ֮ϣ׼Ǵ͸ֻһѩûб仯޽Ϭţ纣ʧһܶ֡
ʯɫδ˹Ĺ˫ƽǰһƣһ׹ǰɳ
ʯһֻֿס׹⣬ֵֻӡһȣǵ׹˲ɵգ
һĻˣ
ԭѾѶ޽Ȼʱ⵹һ㣬ڰջٴ۳ѩڵ˷д͸ʯǰ
ʯ̧ңңһ㣬ǰɫ΢΢һǽ޽֮ڣڵһ˲仯ΪһƬ֮ɫ޽ɢһױȵӴѹ
Ƿ콣عӰ齣
޴ĹӰ齣գһհɢȵϢǵɽʯҲڻܿռǷ죬ռҲ˳Ť޲Ƿ׷׿˲ѡ
ͳӰ齣΢΢һŰɫѩһն߸һӴ֮£Ӱ齣ֻ΢΢һ٣ǽѩɫѩ裬һɫ˿
޽ȴǰȻϯһӴѹ߳Զһնȥ
ףǣ˫ĿһУȻûжúɾͫҲգҿ㻹ֶܼã
һߴ΢΢𣬻ƣĴһѩӡǻֶž΢΢һһ۵΢⡣
һĻˣԭľ޴ѩٴ۶ǰɫ˿ǣѩ̼꣬ȫԶ֮ǰ
ֻƺЩͬž̧ѩһģصһ죬ѿѩȻһʮɴСѩɫ޽ܺˡ
˲䶯ԲʵԵ͵ģ˪ҲЩֵסʴʯǻ޽֮һһȣֱԵֵ
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ٰ߰ʮ Ⱥսģ
һ㣬һ
ѩɫ޽ײһ֮һ뺮ɵķ㣬˲䱬ѿ

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νˮݣ֮ڰ᲻ݣֲܼѩ޽ܰ׹һһ˿˲޽
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ߣʯ̧һ㣬޽Ĵɫһתһɫڳɫ˿ֻǸһӴǷ֮Щ˿Ϊʧ
ʯûоʹ֣ͣ˳ƿذɫ棬˲串޽һ໯Ϊѩ޽ƣһĺۼڱѩְۡ
޽׼ʱֻܰɫϼһһɫ˿͸ֵһ
һžž֮ǰɫ˿ЩǻΪɻʧ
ʱ޽Ҳײһ
һܿռ΢΢ŤȲ֧ȻһѶֲľϯ޽Ҳ漴ѿΪ졣
ѩ޽ҲڴαѿΪѩбѩǴƬռ䣬մȾҲҷ𣬶ֻҪѩ˲仯Ϊ
νС꣬ƺˣ
ߣȻûжĵƣʯûʹɾͫüһ֮£Ĵһöѩӡ΢΢һ
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һƬƬѩȻٴһοɲʲôѩ򣬶ֱ۳һѰɫʵʱһ㣬ҵһӴϢ
ˣžһӣƮµѩԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽɫҲԽ׳̼䵽ʮɴСһֱûͣơ
ףʯüδͬ˵ֹͨôÿ۳ıɢѩֿۣ
Ҫǣⲻһ򵥵ˮԹǶԼĻԹƣҶҲвСĿ֮Чɾ֮ͫͬԶɾͫƵЧͻ
룬ʯ˫üһһ֮£һɫ㼤Ƿ콣֮νӰ齣ָıˡ
ɫһ֣ܵۿ£һ޽λ۶ֻû⣬Ϊ֮ǰ̹ͨ
ھҪջʱֻʯһâ˲ûǹӰڡ
۵һԭ淭ĹӰ޽ƣ¶ȼһһɢȻб֮ǰǿ᲻١
ΪʯעУҪ֪Ⱥͨʥɢ޵˾ڤ棬Լ֮һֱںϣ㵽ڣǷҲûаٷְٵںϵܷӳ㲻ˡ
ˣҲʮǰˣ
һֵ˲䣬һЩ׷һ¶ľګ֮ɫȫǱĺ⣬˾ڤĹЧ
Ҳǳ˶ݵʧ񣬵˲ָ
ãһƬһƬ屻ɱϲȻŭңңһ㣬ǰѩ޽˲۳˰֮ޣϯһӴѹʯһնȥ
ͬһʱ䣬ʯǹӰ齣ҲϣںУùӰܱڰѩ޽ɵʯͷϿյʱ򣬹ӰâһŰѩ޽նȥ
һƺǾʵĶƴûκλεĶѾ޽ײһ
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ռΪ֮һѩ޽˲ּѺۣϾӨ˿΢΢һѩ޽ǻָ
ӰҲѺۣɫһʢЩѺ۱ʧֲ߽µʱ޽Ȼһ
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ٰ߰ʮĻ Ⱥս壩
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ɫ˿̼һɫ룬ֵĺâ߽Ӵ֮䱬žž֮ƺˮһ
𣡡һȣһɫ˿֩һ㣬ڰɫ漤˲ʱɾͫĺâʯ۽һ
ɾͫ޷壬Ҳڱ书Ƶɣʯһ㣬һȦȦ״ӡɢ˲˱ɫ
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С黯Ϊһâڸشһ߼ŵоĶʯҲо˲СѹƬ̺׼ʩչһ㹦Ա


ٰ߰ʮ Ⱥս
֣ıﾹȻɾͫ࣬ѵҲɼſħ֮Чʯü
Сеʶǳϧԯɵֻǽͨٿذѩ֮壬ǱѩȴǺħʥʶԴʱʧ˿ռѷ졣
ֹҪϰѩʹãûʲôֻϷû뵽ˮһ徹Ȼͨʥõ˴˱⣬˱ʧ󣬵걻ʥʼ˷ͨʥЦ
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ʱԶڣһƺߣƺǳ˿ٿԶĮȻɱУ޾ɱ֫ľȴҲ޷ֹİơ
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ȻˣʯĳƴŷˣҲԲóѣδ䣬ʯһһīɫϼһתǻΪһֻͨɫС«ְգ


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ʯ˫ĿһǰһģһֻɫϯǱѩݿ˺飬صײʯϡ
صһ졣
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ҽһɸҴӦʯһĪһ䣡


ٰ߰ʮ߻ 
㶵Ŀʯ֪ΪҪһҪԷӦ
кβңߣΪһƺ«ֿܵңüͷһ˵жͣٿƹǶ޴ʯͷȥ
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ٰ߰ʮ˻ 
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ǣʦۣ͵һ𣺡ʯϷ򵱳ǹһ
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ٺ٣Ϸ¸գãҲˣ΢΢һЦ
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ֳȣɫ΢ףһۣһ
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ǺǣҲƼˣҲýˣҲӰˡ΢΢һЦ
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⡭徹ȻǡƷü磬㻹ĵ𣿡
ȻƼҳ˿㣬κ˶ûйϵ常֮ʱѾˣֻǲ֪ˡЦЦ
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⡭˿ϣڵϣһȥףһλΣʯһǿߣҿзԣ
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ʥȻμӣֻϷҲЩ飬Ӵλɣ߰ɣȥڣ˵꣬˴һսǺƺƵڷȥ
¸յѣӣһɣʯ˵꣬ͳѩõ˵ͷѩӸ˴ƷҲ׷ȥۺͺãҲټ¶һ˿΢Ц
ˣʯʵʵڣһսڳ޲óϷʯǵ֮ľʵһˣ
ȻҲЩСʿûȴӰЩ֪ʯĴţʱ䣬紫￪Ҳû˸ҷƺţ


ٰ߰ʮŻ ǿ
ʯ񣬾ΪڡҲˮǴߣ
׼ٰ칦磬ǿһã
ʥۡʥɷڷ̳ϡ¡īƣƽ˶ģط硣
ʯĮԼ¸աûĳѩã棬ԼСˡ
֪ʯ֮ˣ˵˳¸ʯ磬׷״к棬һ·Ҳ׷˲ʯ֮飬¸һһ
ô˵֮ˣʯ治ҵĺӣһ˿¶һ˿Ц˫Ŀ֮¶ŨŨį
ΪŬԸԱͬھȫʥۣԼ³ЩɣԼΪŬǷֵãԼļ־ǶԻǴ
ֻǷǴ˽֮ˣʯСӿ֮ˣܻڣ쵽ĵزʵⰡ΢Ц
ˣôȥģȻ˺ѿռѷ죿ܰȫĴѷ죿ʯЩ⣬ԼҲûڳҲϸΪзİ취
¸չһЦ˵ͻˣ˵ҷ޶ܻҲЩ
ҷ׷ɱжصǺսĸ£һܶԶĹϵĽƲƲ
ڶڷһЩҩԼǹöֱöѿշɹ˺ѿռ䣬ԼһöԪ
ֻһöѿշѩһöѿշһöԪǻָ֮󣬱׼س¼ҼǨơ
ϸյ治ãѾõĳңֳǹһ壬ѩһǶ·磬еǹܲСǿԱѩȴΣڵϦ
׼ȥԬѩ֮ʣȻֱӶһöѿշֱӷɻ𣬵ǷǱ֮ֲ̫ն˿ռѷ죬Զ֮ҲˣѩǱռѷ졣
ҵʱȥѩȴ˲סҵʱ򣬿ռѷȻС޷룬ʱ϶յѩĴţֻ֣ӻس¼ұȳǵĺ֮󣬽һλչˡ
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ҵ˵ֱһ֪Ϥ˺ö꣬ȫѰѩڹ򲻸ˣ·֪ѧѧУѧϰ֪ʶ
ǵ¶ĵҩǲָʵһٽȴûзһǸӦǾʧС棬ɱιҡ
ҵĺżаˮҲ˳Ϊѩ˵ʯұȥҵʯ
ϾԴѷѾʺϳ⴫ڵϵ֮ʵߵĸһ·ɿ磬˵ǰҲҲǻȰɡ
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ϧѩϰ꣬ҲûеȵŤļûѿշǼֳǹҲ޷ƿա
Щʧ׼ڵȹʱҺѩڳԷȻϸ΢ĿռŤҲ²һ˾˴ս
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⵹ҲǣЦҪǳ¸յѼ磬һ˫Դѷ죬ھ۶ϼƿա
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һЦ㵹˵ǻʱҴǹȥֻǵʱ¾ͻزˣСѵԵʲô
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ЩֵʱһӰվĳǿգ¹⣬ҹɫԵЩǣʵͨ죬ЩȴҲ


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ҶЦ˼򵥵һᣬѺӽ̻ϾʵڲǸö

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ЩŤмںĿռѷ죬ԪһңƺǸովһս
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ʮĶ֣˷սأΪ˼ʧֻգ򼴱ƴ˵Ҳһ塣
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Դ˲űԽԽ󣬴˳ؽ䣬ؽͳ磬ʯ⣡
ʯ̾Ϣһֻϧڵһƿռ䣬ֻ򿪾ĿռѷҲô
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ԼһûоͷϽأѡһʯ֣ԼҲѡ
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ҡͷһЦ˾ͬѡͬɣÿ˶ԼԸû취ͳһҲûǷǶԴһ㣬ҶҲ޳ֺαͽգúڴ˽ȹǸã
ҲգλҲҴһĽᣬ˺˳Ȼɣڴ˽磬һһЩҪģʯ΢΢һЦ


߰پʮһ 㡢
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ڹӭǬԪ½𣬱Щ֮£Ϊ˰ϯĵط丽ͬ죬ϰշҲմ⣡
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ʯۣϣ¸աã棬죬ԼХ죬ĮˣһŴԲϡ
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÷̣ˣȲˣҪϿȥˡ˵꣬÷̴𻰣Ƿ˳ȥȻŹŹֵɫƺڻǸΡ

һƬĻԭŨصϢһΡ޷壬һѤõĹϼУȻһѶ
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˸ӣ˭ְӻˣʲôط
Լ䣬һɣɳƵŭǻɫǹѪҺ漴΢΢һ𣬷·һ׹⣬ռѷ漴ʧ

ǲһĴУжС֮ƣ͵׳۵ıѩ磬ķζȼٵο͡
ȻļȻǷһƬ緿ֱҵȦ̯СԵģżƬü۵Ľš
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״ҶȻɫ䣬æʲôǺޣԲԲ֫ĺ֣ȫ¾ȻëûУ

һЦ۾Ҳгһ״ĵĻһԽ磡
𣡡
Ҷһмֳ̧Žγңңһ㣡
һʩչĪ˵һɫγҲԽƷڵء
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𣬹˾ؤһҶָԼʾһٶһᣬһƬ̳Ҷ裬һҡ
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һſڱǣҶһǰɿ̳ܵдŨŨãȻʡһ˿꣬ԼȻȫޣӿɻû˫޹Ҷ
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