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ɶ
ߣĪĬ

ݼ飺
ǧ֮ǰħԼɾһĵɢȥ͵ȴϴ˵ͱ򽣹ڴ󣬵ѾΪʱǧڴеʿ١
ǧ֮󣬴Ʒ⣬ħԲдʶ֮иڸԵķ֮У׷½Ѱ¯
͵ܺã½ûþһ߸Ǿѵ¯ǡͿԷģǸ˵ĲģԲǣ
ߴ鹬Ůͽܳɽɽǿʳ磬Ҫֻǰ


һ 


001 
ƶ֮ϣƽۿĵطһ޴Ρĸڻƶš
Ƿ˿ڿഫɾÿʮ꼻һ֣漴ٴι֮С
֮ϣɽˮ㣬͵֣ʯɲҩޣдУһ泩ζ
ǣ⾲׵ĻУȴһκε鲻ԽĽءд֮ͨˣؿһռذķΧڣһֵĹâš˿̣â·һյ谵͵ƣʱļ
âֵķΧ֮ڣι״شСЩƯенǹа󴸺ͳޣߣһЩ·¯Ů˼õĳһĶЩͶֳɣмΪޣμңң֮ӿұȴɭɭħ֮
һЦݾףֻһԳʿһǧǰʩչıƣԶΪԼҵɾȴû뵽ɱ֣򽣹ڴ󣬽ħ֮ڴ˵ءȴΣһǧȥˣʧȻκβǡ
ϸȥĻ˵زӰǰͬʱȴܿһɢ֮ĺӧ֮ǹ΢΢
һһħһǰߡ̾ӣ
ӧǹЦѣνʿԭֻһȺ׳աǧȻħȥҲòȥǶֻʶиڸԵķ֮УӲдҿȻҺΣ
ХԲӡһվ˽ħߣ±˴˶ҵȾɾн۵޴Ҳֻء
Сʿӧǹ˷̣˼ХͶ£ͯ
Ҳҡصֻǧѵô
ĵҵķӧǹһǧδǲϵڶ
Ϊڶħʵ
νѾɱǵʶǰûᣬԼٶһôǧˣΪ򽣴תôҡλĪҪˣɾֵӡ
Хңһ
кβңХХһӧǹϷͬʱԭվںӧǹЩħҲһͬѡʿķһʱ֮£ֻʩ
Ȼ˵ͻȥʶȻ˺ܴмͬˮһ㣬ȻϾȥ
ֻһƬΧϿյĹâеĵƻѸϨˡ
á򽣹ڴ󱻻٣ħҪܣħƴ󾪣ͳǰ׷ȥȴĻħӰӣԶԶأֻХĳЦ֮лλټ
ХˣǸ̫Ȼҵ֣֮׻ȥ̾Ϣһ˼Ҫˡ
ҵȴˣХ˼ܣȻɾֵӡħҲ˵
ô죿
ħѾ뷲磬ٹþʱ˼罫Ϳ̿λѣΨ֮ƣҲֻ½ѰҴˣֻ˼㹻ֵȷǡ
ʦǡɼҷͷ
²˳٣ֻаʱʱ䣬ʱ䣬ǽֻܵȴ´λᣬλ

׸߿գһڵĴڼٷУգ֮Ѿнֻ˴󽣳Լĳߣָſ񱼷ţԼ͸һɱâ뽣νӣ֮οƬ״Ļƣνؽ޷棬ɲ
˵ģ˰˱ѪùˡջջѾ˿һǧˡ
뵱ֻ꣬˵ħԼɾһʱҲܹȥۿ뿴ûʲô˼ȴû뵽һȺͺ¿ʿǾȻв򽣹ڴ󣬵ȵԼʱܶܲˡ
ȻԼǸɢޣΪ˲аģƽʱҲûʲô˽Թ򽣴֮Уħ֮ʱԼǱȥ
Լʵǿ󣬿϶ʶ³
һ;涡
ôôùأһȺɷħûһǺöܾʹ£ɶҰ
٣һΪҲ֮ɢʶȻиڴɽ֮УȴҲǳ֮ƣֻҸᣬסʶʱվˣԼ϶Ӳʶ³
ⷲɲɾԣ䷱֣ȴҲ಻ǣŴ죬;;Լʶ֮һء
Ѱô׵飿
ҸԼȷʵԼȥʸǲУԺô
ʸϼѵķˣҲһͷԼķһ·Ѿ۲˺öˣȴʼҲһʵġ
οԼȻаȴҲаħǿɱ˻ǣռݷɸɲ
Υȵʱ췣֮϶ء
ҰɣʵڲУǿĳ˵ˡ֪Щħ϶ôɵģߴɺʿʶӦҴ˴ָٵȴ֮ʱɢɡ
ظʲô壿ʲôаʹЩ£С
ôŵʱ͵ʶ΢΢һٷеĴɽҲֹ֮ͣ
ףһиǵӣʧڿ϶Ҫ۷ŹˡӦ֮£һѵӡ͵ʶ֮С
ĸǣǷǧ֮ǰǿ϶ҪߴͷҲҪӵġϧڡҲûʿˡ֪ǧ֮ǰΪһߴѾʿȫɾħһս
ҲǸп
ʢɲҪӡԼҪѰһаħ֮£ЩʿһֻѰҸոʬᣬŲΥҲʡⱨӦ
ôͲءͺ޺޵
¡һ̶ʶӦ֮У˵Ȼ˲ͬеĵƻһ㣬ҡҷѡ
ô£ɻˣѵʲô˻
ϸһȴ˱һֻ޴ĸӵƤײ˳ȥ
Ƥ⼸쿴٣·Ϻس۹ٶ൱һƥܵĿˡ
Ͷʱдвֹһһ߶ţϨɣϨɡ
ڵ൱ӣڴΣϣ־Լر޳ܡ

ڿ籩֮УյҡҷĵƻûܼסءϨˡ
ԭŵͻȻһɣЩģ
첻ҰԼ˯أû뵽һϺõͷ
õĸǣٲ֣ȣǿɾͿˡ
ٲɣ´ɽֱֱ˵ȥ
һĨۿĹâ̽˵ԴУ֮ʧ
Ҳһռݱ֮УҪķ൱ʶ֮סԪ񡣶˿̣Ȼûб˼ٹעĶֻסԼʶ
˵Ѫ֮Уǰʮ״һɫܳͣ·ߣܳϣһŮīɵɵؿǰ˺ôһŷӦ
һΧ۵ߣ˴󺰵оȻ绰
СôôСģ˶ԴܳŮ˵
ҲǹİŮͷƤģûôѪԼɵģ޴ԼͻȻ·˹Ĳǹİ
СҲǵģôȺأһ߰ߣ
˵ˣϽ绰ɡ
ûһᣬȻ;ˣѵѪе̧ȥŮҲûݣѯ˼֮ҲһҽԺ
ǧҪ°ڳϣŮʹСֽţǧҪ£
һЩͬŮİɣʵ˵Ϊṹ°ģϣǻͷȡһ¼¼֪ˡ
ллŮ̧ͷĨۣҼ


002 ȹʶ
ȹԼʶ淢һȻ̫ףȴҲ˽š
һﴩŰ״ӵСǲ֪ԼЩʲô⣬ԼŪһһġһЩķԼעһЩʵѪҺ
ͺܲˬ뿪ŻǼ䣬ȴͻȻоָţԭЩѪҺҲʼˡȻܻȷʵڻָˡ
õʲô
Ȼ̫ףǼȻԼ棬ҲûȥˣʶʼԼĹ
أͽһľ磬ΧҲӦ
Сʱ֮󣬼ҵĴڴˡ
õķӯæվŵؿҽʵô
ȹˡҽ¿ֵ˵İɡ
ллеһŴʯӯһûͺã
ȫкܶദԹۣ߹ҲҶҪסԺƣļôɡ
Ҳˡӯҡҡͷ
Ȼô˵ţӯǰǸ˰һҽܸۣһҪȬòҪκκ֢
ؽˣС̵Ƶʱᴩ·һû߰ߡʱһ˹˵
ǾûλСʲôˡײģʱסԺúԺĵãҪеˡһһֱڷӯϾ˵
û⡣ӯڸоࡣ
ʱѾȥˡ
۾Ӧһ¹ߣ΢΢غһʱ䣬ԼԪع̶֮ϣ۾ԼʧȥеһУˡ
ڵԼ;֮⣬һͨ˲޷ֱ
ʱ䣬Ҳں˵ļ䣬ɺϵǣҲͣǸһѧѧȥҽ̣ȴû뵽˻簡
ϱȱ¿϶ûٸɣҰοš
ȫ۵ģе㲻Ӧ֪Լûоˣ͸ѣҲĺܡ
Ťͷ΢΢һܱߵĻͷһܸߵĲ
ֻŴԼ˯һţһӦģһŮ
氡˵һжޱȵİ档
۾˰죬ٺںϺļӡ֤һ£ͷԼʶ˲ٶ
ǧˣ仯ﵽˣ·ŸʽƤŶӦý
͸оĵطǣ̫ǣҲٲǧǰĹ⾰
ſ˵ȴֻܴӺ﷢Ȼ΢ȴɽǱߴϵŮˡ
Ů˫ͨ죬ͷɢڼϣŤͷһͣʱϲǰˣ
΢΢ص˵ͷ
ҽҽˡŮһԱߵһɫťԴ˷ܵ
ûвĵطŮСԴյǰѯţһŮʫһݣЩˡ
ŶԼ죿ΪûˣҲûô
۾ΣͲſˮ
ҸãšŮĵСȸһ㣬ıܵˡ
ûһᣬҽһͺŮ˾ͺˣûΣˡ⼸ʱܳԶˮӰɡʲôʱܷƨˣʲôʱܳԶô
ʹ󾽣Ů΢С˵ͷ
ļ죬͹൱̹ǸŮÿʱÿ̶ߣ죬£Ϳʼʱ򻹾ͦˣأҲϰˣʱʱܺ䡣
ͨ죬֪Ůзӯ͵Ĺ۲죬ŮضǸ˼ҵǧС㡣
ڷӯʱʱϷŪͳصĻ̬ȣһ˵ǧСһǲԼģӯȴĵ˵ԼŪġ
ΣǺܺúȵġ
ҽԺҲȷʵ緽ӯ൱ҩƣӯҲȱǮ
˵˰֮Լ´·ˣָֻٶҽԺҽǴΪп
ֻ֪Լֻҹ˾ʱ򣬾޸ѡ
岻㣬ķȴ޷ֻܾ
ԭǸһУĴѧУиѧʦ൱ۺȫҲʮ֮ڵġ֪ͳ˳ȫʦˮ
ˣƽʱҲûôõԵΪȽƶĸ˫ڹ¶ԺԶеԱǳ˳ұһͬˡ
༶ļӯ֮󣬶Щ۾ð⡣ǷӯԵ󷽣̹ԳԼײͣŵסԺġ
ԱߵʱͺúӣѧУ涨Ըٷ֮ʮҽƷѣѧҵʲôľͲõˣˣγ̻ѾᣬֻҪҵƾС


003 įѩ
ȻǷӯײģÿʱÿ̵ߡȥʼļػ֮⣬ʣµӻҽԺĻʿչ͡
ӯҲܹʱȻ֣ÿαضš
ʱ;ʵʵڲϰĵʱ򿴿ӺͱֽȻںǰļ䣬;ԼҲӦٶ˽һڵ硣
ϳŻʿϢ;붨
ϧǣأںܲ㣬ټңٶȺˣ͵Ҳҽ̾Ϊֹٶڻָšÿһҽ飬ᾪ̾һ
͸оѿǡԼС㣬ǸʿԼԱߣСʱӱ˼Сϵĸоǡǳˬ
ˡ
ʼһΣȫͬѧڸԱĴ¹֮û̽ˣҲһ˵ƽʱԵʵڲô
νǲںЩġÿóԺúȵģŮʿչˣԼΪһɸǵҲ죬ָĺá
Դ´·֮;;չԼСʿԼȥߣ۲İ硣ÿεͶһЩĶʳһЩ˼ʱСʿ̲סЦ
оͲкǸϹŶƵأСʿš
Ҳҵ˴ʱһȤͷ쿴ӵʱзһ˼Ƭӣ⼸һֱ׷
΢ЦõĴƬʱ򣬷ӯ˽Ůһഺģͷ϶īҺõŶʹ˸к漴Ťͷһ۵ӵףϲֶͯƬ
͵üͷϵ΢ЦҲɿĴʱ䡣
ӯЦһƿŵϣĵϲͿ£ûЦ㡣
ӶͷЩգ˵Ĵʱˡ
ӯʹЦһ͵ϣؿ͡
ͱúܲ˼һͷһŶĶ
ɱڣҪǴȥԺôɽ㡭
èһܾĶƬӯͻȻ˵̾ʮʱ䣬׶Ƭ־Ϊɫʮ֡ܶϲҲǡ
һؿڣҵظɿ
Сֱ̫ƻ̫ɰˣÿζܴȫʤӯҲĿת˵ӡ
Ȿһ󡣡ҡҡͷ鵹νǵǾʹشˡɷ죬Ӧèġ෴ұȽֻè׾ٵץȴÿζˣߴʤįѩ
ӯգ۾Ͱ죬ֻһɫʱЦѡ
ˡ߹ȥ˵ӡ
ˣԼ˵ѵôСЦ˷Ǹʲô˼
ӯߵǰֻǰ˻Ρ
Ҹͼ
СӯҲʱѾеϤĸˣԴӰóһpsp˸Ϸ
ȹ̨ɹ˻̫ӯǱžһը죬ʱЩɻߵߣͷ¿ȥ
ֻӯһۺɫpspжϷ
ܴӼҳһۼȴǵһμʵֻӯԼĽɫһƬǹֵͻӦ൱ݡ
ˡӯߵؽһĻϣǼܷɻһ죬ķˡ
̫ٶۡ۵
ӯؽpspݵϣͽӹϸؿһ£˼Ťʵô
ӯָָԱһŤǳǣʱ޵УֻʹΡ
Ŷ͵˵ͷǶܿеĹǰɣ

ôʼ̧ͷѯʵ
ӯӹһȻݻͣһ㿪ʼˣһضᴳȥġ
ƾϸǧ˵ĿƼչܿ찡
¿ʼλʱһܷɻˣؼ٣ȻһƬнȥʱ˼˳Լ
㿪ӯۿӵҪ䵽ɻϣϽеȴ͵΢΢һŷɻ֮յر˹ȥ
˵ҳٶۣԼķӦһٶۣӯֹ
һأĹǺܶ࣬ÿΣЩӵŷɻɹһĹžǷӯδζҪһѺˮ
Ұˡӯغߺš
ڶصĹͱ΢͵ķӦˣŤǿƾҪҵķɻÿζоա
ǰɣӯʵ
ûҡҡͷ
ƭˣأˡӯ޺޵˵
ÿһδسɹҪŸĵ˳ԼҪܵӵͻԽԽࡣԲٿߵķӦһѭ򽥽Ŀ顣
ǷӯԼԸˣЩӵôܼͶɵرܿһβ˶ûС
Ĺأˡ

أˣ

أˡ

ȿȣȰŤͷԼ۾ӯЩȻظɿȵѾڰ˹ˣӯղҲؿܵġ
ڰ˹ĹѾܼ޴ĳ̶ȣͿƵǼܷɻȴ·һ㣬ƣ΢΢ڶӯؽĿͶ͵˫֣ǼָͷţȣѸ١
޵УһƬǲܹܶȥġӯͻȻ
ûν޵УָţǷɻһ΢ɲķƶ֮󣬷ɻһƬܼĵк˵ش˹
ܰɣӯɵˣϷûҰղӵòƴ˷ɻôû£
ʮӺͽpsp˷ӯĻϣʻ裬ɻУͨصĹϲ
ǰǲģӯʵ
ûҡͷ
Ķ԰ɣƭҵġӯ׷ᡣ
ðɺðɣϷҴͿʼˡͿЦһ
Ҿ˵һ²ŵڰ˹أôСʱͨˡǺŶӯ۾ʼðˡ
֮ӣӯÿι˴Һõһ¿ϷΪͣδζ׾ٵͨأСÿζİ


004 նԵ
һºܿ͹ȥˣҲͳԺӡ
Ͱ߳ҽԺʱȴһŮīһɫܳĳϣԼ΢Ц
ЦЦܳսԼĻᡣ˿ټа
ģˡӯЦʵ
á͵˵ͷ»صĵһˣͻǴкøеģοӯǸŮ
ΪһŮЦ¶ݺһЩͼ˵
ӯϽͣһţĹĵصҪǿճԺ϶ݺݵһ١
͸㣬ԺһҪƽƽġӯʾ£óһ壬ϣһλʦŶġ
ЦһȻ̶ֳ̫ȣڵԼֶ˼һƬģҲ˵ʲôֻǽӹл
߰ɡӯһ˵һߴ˳š
ȥģ㡣
Է극ȥѧУ
Ŷ
λǧСȥĵطǸߵ͵źΧĻγһǿҵӾΧĿ˲ԾؾͽĿͶϡ
Դˣͷ·Ȼ֪ڷӯ΢Ц
ӯ˲ٲˣ⿪ƿף͵Ȭ
һ˹ĵƷζһһûһظӯš
ôое㲻ͬӯȵСЩ죬ʵ
ʲôͬͶƱһڣζզأ̫ͣ׿ˮ
˵Ǹоһжܵ˳ҲǣסԺʱҲǣҲǡӯ°͵ײ㣬֮ͨӦûɣҪģҶпܡ
вƣеϦûʲôñԹġ˵ˣʲôⱾҵĴ
㵹ǿĿӯЦˣִԱߵİóһпǰҸʮա
̧ͷ˿شŮЩп
лˡƬ֮û˿ؽп
ӦõġӯȻЦݣȴǣǿࡣ
ʧԭΪǸȽرˣȴû뵽ô򵥵ؽʮпʵڸԼ̫ˡ
ԭֵܰĳһ˲
ҳԱˡƬֽ֮˲졣
ŶеΣԼѧУɡӯԼĶͷ˵
㿪ҲСĵ㡣˵֮߳䡣
ˣԺҪǻʲô֢Ļǵô绰ҡӯ·һ˵
·ʲôںıӰӯЦҡҡͷ˵Ϊʲôкʧ
ҽԺദʱ䣬µĸоر𡣷ӯǾÿԺѡƽʱĵʱ찡֮ġڡؽԼпӯʧˡ
ڴʵγɷ˷ӯŷ֣ӦòôȻġ٣ԽǮˡ
һƿƣֻһڣʣµĶӯһ˸ɵˡ
߳ģֺľƵʱ֪ԼзӯСӦûнˡ
ԼǸ׷ɵˣǺͨ˾̫Ļ϶ƽ鷳
Ե˷ӯе˼ʱ򣬹Ƿڴ
߳Ƶ꣬ڴֻ֤ѧ֤ʮǮ
ȥأԼΪɥӦøϽҸطĵŶԡۿ˿ǵգ֪ݿƽĻٹҪˡ
ħʿ˴֮һЩʿħͻٴγϡ
Ͳ鷳ɷħʲôģûϵһǧǰҲǸɢޣԼŬһӵԪӤʵ
ϴΪһʱ̰٣ʧȥϼٷĻᡣκòҵһǾѵ¯˵Ҳһˡ
˼Ƭ̣ͻǾȻظѧ˶࣬ǳ˾ۼ֮аħ룬һݶ鷳ĺõط
ֻҪԼһʱԼӵԱ֮֮ԼͿٴʶɵˡ
УһУϤİϤԴԭļ䣬İԼĸо
ƾżصԭᣬѼ֮ʱеԾҲû뵽ôͳԺ
СӣƽʱӲģӴ򲻳һƨû뵽㻹ͦбµİ߽ңӭĲҵĻӭһòеѵѯʣн־һֹ͵ĲӣһԼʵǸײŮзӯûĵ绰
üͷֽ־ĸ첲
ǰԱҲҼ˵ЦĶȻĿŵ۸ﰵȴռıˡ
־ֽ첲ݺݵ§͵ûĵ绰˵ǲǹ⳯ײģ
ÿŤͷ΢ЦؿŽ־Ѿе㲻ͷˡ
ʲô־һ£ڴĵҲһ£ȫû뵽ƽʱƲӦ
ȴûٸϻֿס˽־ĸ첲һƣ־ߺһֵ
ͣ־һվȭͷѾһ˶ϣ־ŵŵŵŵ˺üһƨɵڵϡ
˳ɵˡ⻹ôôסһԺ֮͸һƵء
⼸˼ƲԣϽȰܣһ˽־˵˵ͣҲ̫˵ɣԼֵܣбҪô
Ǻʱ͵ֵܣЦһɫʱڨڨ
־ҧٳȴסˣ˰˵ã⻰˵ġҼš
΢΢̾˿ѧУҲʲôôĵط
ҸĵطԺһͻȻԼԳȥⷿסġ
ǰûǮԼһп


005 ̫齣
뵽ѧУУȡǧǮһѧУԱߵСѰҷӡ
ûжҪֻҪи泯̨¥ԽԽãǶ¥һЩ
ǮĶð£ܿͱҵһԼҪķӡ
ѧУķһ߶ǳѧõģԼǮҪһЩˣһķҲҪһǧһ¡
ԤһȵķǮͷǩ˺ͬ
һȵķǮǧټϷڲӲʩѺһǧϻʣһǧ顣̳˼ӺһЩƷס˽ȥ
ԼڿɲǰأرƷҪġ
ϣϥ̨ϣһߴһ˼š
˵ÿʿرĿγֻ̣ڵۼһ̶ȣܿʼɹ
ҽԺһʱͿʼˣڶѾһЩסƺܸߣ¶̨Чʱ֮ǰ˲١
֮·󾳽磬Ϊϴ衢𵤡ԪӤ췣ÿһ磬ַΪŸΡ
ڿǵǣԼʲôĹ
ԭͣǸɢޣûʦָûʦŵƣеʵ֮·ȫǿԼһġڼ䣬˵Ǿһߴʶ³˹ճΪԪӤĸ֣Ҫ֪ʱǿʿҲԪӤ˲ѡ
ѾǸ˲ĳɾˡ
ھãԼĲһȷģΪԴԼԪӤ֮ٶȾԽԽԪӤ㣬ֹǰͣ
һֳɹضǾǰ˵ӡ֤Ȼ޸ƣŻᴫûơ
ţ͵Ժֳһֹ
̫齣ɹһɽżõġǲֻʱͣΪѾǽˣҪ޹ԷΪǲܵ飬ͱʱʱóԼ֤
ʱնˣ̫齣Ҳˡ
ڰǰѡһǼ֮ǰԼĹһ̫齣⣡
ԼĿ϶ʺԼһԪӤֽչ̫齣أԼѹû֪ʲô
ʱջ࣬ûʱҲֻÿעˡ
ĵѧûпγֻ̣бҵƣˣÿڻҪȥʦ㱨ԼƽչȻݵʦ޸ġ
ԭйо࣬Ҳȱ˿һأԴӳסԺһ֮󣬽ȷ
ʦǸܷȤСͷ֪岻㣬ҲֻǶ壬ҵƣԺÿһεĻ㱨Ҫġ
͸ˣҵʲôѹûϡ
ԴӰѧУ֮󣬾ûˣʱ壬ԴٽԪںϳ̶ȣϾʹӹĵҲУΨһЩɹ⣬Щһֱûоֹ
һ֮һϣ̨ϴأӵƽϼƽغţţɫսԼڣڵ֮
Ȼ͵ʶһԼѾؿﴦԪľۼˣҲ
ӣһ̶֮ʱԪ֮Ҳͻǿһˮ룬Ҳһ־־֮Ѿѡ񹦷ʼˡ
ƽʿȻôٶȣ¾ӵĹͲͬЯǰļԴѾϤϤˣҲһʱ̡
ؼԼľ֮£ڵ֮оۼţ׳ԼԪ
֮һڵСشԼĳɽ
͵õ̫齣׹ʱ򣬻õһѴɢ޵ıû취ռԼķ
ʱͺķѾ޴Ԫӡĵ֮УֻеΪﵽϴ֮ʱܽⴿ
ԭȻʡˣ̫齣⣬֮ǰԼ֮·
ʹһ˵Ƕ˵ǽ
һɽеõ̫齣ɹõ˴һ׺̫齣ƥĽƣ


006 
ʱѾнڵΪȻ̫齣⡣ȴ
׽ܴ󣬰Ͳٵæǵʱܾã׽˵ζ
룬Ȼ̫齣ƥĹͽʩչȻҪ̫齣ķˡԲŻ˾˵ζ;衣
ƼȻӵôǿĹӦķҲȥ٣ҪԼǿ
Ȼ˾ͿԿʼˡ
ȴûмػ̫齣ķϾôȥˣɾͱ˴ˣҪ˵ʲôҲ
һȴ֣ļȫӿ̫齣׹ȱسԼԺС
̫齣⣬Ϲʮ㣬ʹĹҲѭ򽥽ǰѣԽ󣬸Խȵٶȷ졣
Ҳʮ̫齣ʮ㣬ÿһͬӦһֻдͨ˶Ӧľһɹ
̫齣⣬ҪǴԼͳͳԴﵽϾĳ̶ȡÿһѨλӿ뼺˼£Ϣ˾ȻȻˣ
ԣǰѣΪ֮ҪһѨλһѨλĴͨѨλҪȫͨʵ̫ˡ
һЩѨλ֮ͨ󣬾ٶҲ֮ӡ
ڻĹУҲǵ̫齣⹦ϵһ仰ƽ֮׷ϼٷ̫齣ȴʥв಻ͬն
ʥôܴ׹пһ
̫齣ĻҲʣÿӦһɾ磬Ҳ˵ڶԲĻΪϴҲԲˣһ̤ĳ̶ȣĲԲĻΪҲʹԲһ̤𵤵ĳ̶ȡ
ЩɱԼĺúܶడԼĹ߰ģûиأôɷԲ
Ƹ˲ãƽоƣΪ̫޼ǻΣŻֻأз϶ǹ𣬰Զתһ
ʱԪӤΪҲֻʩչǰƣЩġǾֻƣʿҲʹ򶷣ԭƵ̫ˡ
ȻҪ̫齣ƣһǱزٵģڻ޷⣬Ͱʱȥ̳תһˣһûĳִ죬ȻǸߣҲΪء
õҲֻҪԪȻһʽӦò𻵵ġ
;Ϳʼ̫齣ˡ
̫齣һ㣬ľҪͨŸѨλʼڼȪѨٳѨ
µľʱ䣬˵˵̲̣Ѿһӡ
֮У֮ԪʹǳȪѨȥ
ԪһӴȪѨԭͨԪͷ·ײһ¸ǽôҲǰˡͬʱһ뵽ʹʶϴ˹
ͻȻ۾ڵشڲһġ
һγʧܡ
ȴû٣Ƭ֮ٴ붨ԪȪѨȥ
һ¼͵ĸǽһԪ谭С̽Եط˼γһ޹ԪױضڼȪѨλϡ
һͶγ忪ȪѨԶٴζûгɹ
ȵʱԼҲˣ۾֮ʱŷԼһٻңйɵζ
Ǵôͽ첲յԼǰţǰʱûӡ֪ЩζٻңȫԼڵʡ
ȻûгɹͻǺܸ˵ġΪ̫齣ȷʵдĹЧһԡ
ļͶڳųȪѨʱžֳȥѧУ
ȻҪ϶ҪһƬʵĵطԼķ̫Сʺϡ
ѧУһɽɽģҲСΪشƫƧƽʱ߶ȷʵǸѡ
˷֣ںɽ棬˸ȽϿտĵطȥӲݣƵĽС
Ԫ̫٣ҲֻУԴϤһʱ̫ˡ
ŽɽȥʱȴͻȻԱѧĶԻ
˵ɽһߣʮ׳һ˵
ļٵģһʵ
Ѿˣѵ㲻֪ô˵һҹԧȥ͵ʱзֵġ
΢΢üͷϸѧҲǵ;˵˽Ĳ࣬˵˼֮ת˻⡣
ʮ׵Ĵߣͼ٣ǶһЩгɵ
ѧУӦԣ֮ôأ߽һͨĴߣΪʲôԼ⼸ȥʱ޲


007 
;ԼбҪȥ鿴һ
ɽתһȦͣһƬڵصĲݴԱߣ˼
ȷʵûĺۼ
Լʱﻹûκκۼģѵϲģ
򽣴󱻻ѾȥˣԼҲѾռ¯˵ЩħѾҲǲܡ
ϸز鿴һһЩµ֮⣬ޱĺۼܵƲ⣬ʵǺǿ
һƵ뷨ӿת뿪˺ɽ
죬ûܵۺгҩгȥת˼Ȧϳɫδ֮ʣ˺ɽһŴϣ
ҫŴأ»ˮб£ɽУֻһЩʱʱط΢紵ľ졣
ڵȴȻѾֹһΣضֵڶΡ
Ѱ֮ʱÿ˶ԼһˣҵһǾѵ¯һЩħѰҵǶᣬҲϡ棬Ͼܶħıĳֶת͵ġ
͵ƶϣӦʵģڵԼгɣǱħǿиͲ֪ˡ
һܸԼһסۼĵطضҪ˷ֵʱһƧĵطܼɽһľѳ
أҹˣѧУƽѾϨƣæµһѧҲ˳˯֮Уȴһֱزǿϣһֻо˫ĿʱʱؾתƼ£鿴ΧĶ
˿˿һ䶯ұߴ˹һ𣬸ԼϢ
ˣŵ̵ֻĵشǱӡ͵С
¹⣬ڿߵģȷʵһ޴ߣȫī֮ɫ޴ͷ­оİڶسֻɫĵȻǴߵ۾
ߺܾ裬䶯ļ仺ÿһξ룬ҪͣӦһ
ܺãֻһۣͿԶ϶ߵҲϰ⾰
еʶҲƶ˸ţӦĳħ˴߱ʶǿռ¯Ϊã򵥵ֻƾһߵ̣˾衣
Ǹ¯ǶΪħ˵ƽ׵һٶΪǴ߱ٲôҲħͷҪõĶࡣ
ԴӴ֣߳ΧĿж·һɵζˡ
ߵĿ·ƽʱ֮أطӲݶͳȥˣܿտһ飬ԱߵһŴͲλá
Ȼϣߵտλ֮תͷܿһȷȫ֮㽫һţ߰ͷеֹˡ
Ͳħ֮Ҳ֪ڴΪӦ¹֮
չ¹ħ˵¹õĲƷ
ͻûһֱǿţٵĸѾȫˣֻʣʶӦʱ򻹲ѵĳʱȻǿ󣬵ԼҲǸӣҪĻ¹˭ֻδ֪Եõȴʱ
СʱȥˣһСʱȥˣ˿·Ѿ붨硣
ʱͶˣһѽڻеһڹѪͷȥ
ΪڹѪֻԹЧڹ֮ѪκаﶼǿɱοǻѡĽ˶ĹѪ
һڹѪӿ£ûϣѾŽ͵һһѳһİһۻƷȫɢڴߵϣͬʱڹѪҲ
Ķ;˴ߣմ붨оѵʱ֮Ѿȫ
ڹѪ֮һƬðʹڵϴŹ޴彫Աߵöᡣ
Ͳûг֣ŰŴһȦʣµۻƷȫɢܣԷԷӴܡ
һУһߣ䡣
ʹţȻѾСгɾ֮ͣ߻޲ߡڹѪеѸٵԼڣʴԼõԪۻƸǴ߾֮˿̱ȫֻŲѡ
ʮ׳ϵ䶯ţоµٶҲԽԽ죬߷·ʹģ
ڶˡ


008 
Ȼ̫齣һ񣬵µľҲܴ߶ڵԪˡ
ֳһĻȣƵһƣ̫޼
콣ӰҶ£Ҳ֨֨µȥ
ʹĴ߷ΣҪѾΪʱ
ַԲʮɵĽӰ޿ɱܡѪɽս֮ʱѪ¡
ղסڵʵ̫޼һʹ޺ֻ֣ȫʩꡣ
ֻشߣȻٵȴʱնɱ͸еʱ򣬴̫޼Ľ֮£һбѱ
ȵѪϣͲŷӦ
ԡϵľֳҲûܳס̫齣İԵƬƬƬɢڵϡ
ͻˣͿԼϵĽЦѡֵȥһˡ
һдͷӿ͵ĽŲЩǡ̫ǿˣֻǾ£ǿʩչ̫޼޷շ硣
ǣһĨâӴߵһϷ·ãػ£֮󣬱ֻŵӴܳȥ
ܣǿ񣬻ôྫΪĿɾһâˣ֮ǰһжǰ׷ѹ
Ҳ֪ڲдԪ··˷Ƶأֱǰȥ
âܵٶ൱죬ǱһץϣԪ֮£Ĩâڲϵزţأѡ
ɫ磬͸Ͻԭϥ£˫ƽ̯âϣʼ
ȷʵǸСԪ񣬲Ÿҵ¯û죬ͱٴնɱֱ˼㡣
ˣԪûѵͱץס
ΪΪãаħϲķʽΪΪĽչаʿмΪ֮
ͿɲЩֻ֪СԪ֮ڵԼÿɴˡ
ͬʱҲֲ֪֮ٻΪżΪ֮޷ˣԼԺка
ҹʱ䣬ͲŽСԪԵһ
οǷѾĻƾ߰СԼӲƴǺʤ㣬ںڹѪǷ۵İ£ȴһնɱʵЩ͵ϡ
Ǵ֧ߣ˰죬Žߵ˳
ߵǸöߵģѾаΪ԰ʿȹԪ񣬻ҩƣʵǲɶõƷ
æһУҲûʱȥǴߵʬôˣɫδ֮ʣҴҵطǽܳѧУذ죬ŻصԼС
ҪʱСԪȻѾˣԶԶ
СĹյԼĲͬɾĻԺҪ鷳
ϥ̨ϣһԼĵ֮ԭԪڶһ˿ʣС֮С
ȡߵ̶£ͱ۾
˺ôͲŽڵϢɾ
Цˡ
νʧһѾֳջ˴ĳɹʵ׬ˡ
֮Ԫ˲٣СĹͣߵǰԼȹʱɹ
ȣǺܶʿǾ飬ΪָĻʵȻʱڿǺ£ǸȵĻΪԽߣ鷳Խ
зḻľȻ֪ǰһҪøŰߵ֮󣬺Ԫһ𣬺̶ܴϰԼһѣҲֱӵСԪ֮ı׶ˡ
׬ˣ׬ˣԺÿζĻöð
Ҳ֪̰ǲеġ
̧ͷ˿ɫѾˣҽУĻšȥϴ˸裬ʹ·ܳȥ˸
ںģܳ忪ȪѨˡ
壬ÿڵ죬Ǹλѧʦ㱨ҵƽչӡ
ԴӳԺѹͱʲôҵƣ˵ǣʦ˲û˵͡
Լھͣⲻ˻һЩû취飬ԼʵˣŲԸأҸطȥˡ
һοʼȪѨǺǰһȪѨؿڶסԪ
ÿͶرһ£Ȼ˸ա
ǽ죬˼ˡ
һŹڱʽͿԿߡ̫齣ศɣƾ̫齣ڱʽ
ԼʩչƵĳǺεȵİԵ
ˣȻֻԼƶϣ;Լˡ
ҪԵҪư磬˵ɱˣն𣡲κεκεѶϡ
һȫеԪ͵سȪѨȥ
Ƹۣڴһ٣


009 Ѩɹ
һֻԼĻǶʼۣޱȵʹѨλ֮˹ⲢֹԼɹİʯ
֮֮ҧأƿԪͬǺصĴ󽣣նǰ赲
ûлͷ·Ҳͷ
ǰﵽ̶֮ʱȻһɣԭ·ͨľȻ˴ţԪӵ룬ռؿڡ
ԭʹɫҲиȡ֮ޱ泩ĸо
ɹˣ֪ȪѨ忪ˡµŬ˻ر
΢΢תһ£ͷ֣ھۼ·øӼһЩȻֱ仯ĳ̶Ⱥ΢Сȷʵˡ
ֻǳƵһѨλȴ֪ԼҪһ
̫齣κε뱧Ųɹʵľεľ飬ţպ·ϣԼɡ
忪ȪѨֱĿ˰΢Ц۾
ɫ磬һʱ䣬ɫ˶Ȼץ·˳ȥ
նɱ˴֮ԼԪȡڵûüڵȥˣϾһѧУ棬Ǳ˿ˣ϶Сĺ䶯Լм档
ᳵ·طǽ룬ɽսĵط˵ǣطһ˹ѧУڲġҥԡҲѧǶԺɽһɿ־УȻһʱ䣬֧ɢڵϡ
˼Ƭ̣͵Щϧˡ
˰꣬жһЩлᣬӦý⴦£ȴպ⿰ҩư֮ģԼҲЩڣѾȥһʱ䣬ߵм㺬ҲѾɢɾڵϵĲһЩͨˡ
˺ôںɽһӴһеⶼŽȥãһЩսĺۼֺһ
ʲô°Դȴʼ벻𵽵ʲô
ǲȥˣУ԰йһЩ˵ĳ
ڵ˰ֱ֪ν
ЩŮӺ޲ôԽԽã¶ԽԽ׻ĴȣСɵĶ꣬۰׵ĳ㣬ͦԲβһյС
һ۹·˷ţһߺ޺޵ţɺͳ°ǧ֮ǰЩħŵŮӴҲôª
Ĺ񫰡
ĵ͵ʱ򣬶ϱͻȻһԴżЦߺⲻҵֵôЩûˡ
üͷ壬ŤͷȥÿҼ˳ԼйڵĽ־һȣһĨزס
ҲЦһһѧĵؿһۣ˽־һѵ߰ɣСӣûǵֵܡ
־ţһһ߻ͷ͵㲻ǵֵܣɱû㣬ʦ㱨ҵƽȵӡ
˵ʱ򣬽־ϵĵ
üûˣڿ϶Ҳû˵
Ҿ֪˵ġ־Цһ
һ£ϸˣͬһɫĵ
Ŷ˵ʲôˣԭˡ
Ҵҵܻؼңҵ˱ҵƵ˴Ļҳͼæ칫ȥ
ᷲȻ˵ⲻҪһЩ֮УҲ޼ƿʩҵž£һΪûУҲ벻Ҳܲᣬֻ鷳
ȵͳ칫ҵʱѾʮһˡ
һ߽칫ң͸ʦкȥ۾һգգؿŰ칫һŵһλŮ
λŮһʫӣϾһͷͷɢڼϣһԿɵİɫ黨߹šϣԵһҹŮģҵļ˶۾ð⣬Դֺĵ΢ЦԱ˵ʲô
Ů͵Ƥգգ۾ܷܷ֣һкˡ
ʲô˰죬Ͳſ˵
ΪԴϴδǷڴ֮ԼӦúûκνˣȴû뵽СȻҵ
㰡ӯԵЩίģ۾ģԱ߼˵ĺʱ
ôôһ˵ţ۾оȻ˵ˮ
ջˮĻˮ
ͰˡԱԼĵʦʦ֡


010 Һ
Ǹʦˡʱ˷ӯߵʦİ칫ǰ
ʮһ㣬еʦ˵ͷǼҶˣȲأ
־ǱߺٺЦţһֻ
϶û˵
͵üͷЩεؽϵĵݸʦʦȴûϣ̧ͷʵǲǻû
ʵϡ
֪ǰʱ˵顣ʦ̾˿ʱûǺġ˵˵ʱ㶼ʲôˣ
ͳĬüĿɮ붨ܲ˵ʱԼæɣ
Ͱ־һ˹͵ļ򣺡Ҷһҵֵܣһ꣬ȻƽʱеСĦô˵ҲĸˣҼ˶Ŀȥˡǰ㣬Ƕô̿డҵƵĽһأԴӳ˳֮㿴㡭Ȳ˵ҵưɣڸ˾ѧУƸᣬҾûȥһΡԺô죿μƸᣬѵ㲻ҹô
ʦüͷһ壬ʵƸҲûȥ
ˡ͵˵
Ҫ˵ѧæµ飬ֻһҵƣһǲμӸƸᣬͶݺļѰҹ
ȥа͡ʦҲһؿΪԼδ룬ô飬Ҫ˵ʲôЧΪִֹܶΪһݺùôҵʱ仹ԺҲûʲôƸôܲȥμأȥһξһݻᡣ
ǲμӵʱһȥģǰʱ˳ȥǸҲ˵
ǹҵôʦתͷˡ
Ѿµһҹ˾ǩԼˡ־һԺٹһ¾͹ȥʵϰ
ڹһҺܲĹ˾Ҳ൱񡣡ʦ˵ͷһο
ҲҪôѾǩԼҪô׼ԣӳ͵ľ
ӯһֱԱ߰ţ˿Ҳ̲סüͷܸܵ͵⼸ѻеĿڲģн־Ͷ
Ǹȥϴּ䡣ӯ΢ЦվȻת߳⡣
ʦһתֿ͵ðɣȲ˵ҵƺҹ顣̸̸˽¡
˽£ɻˡ
ǸСϰ˵һֱȵڣǲʲôԲ˼ҵ飿
Ȼ°͵ЦҸ죡
죿ʦ˸һĨĻ˼СǧټƵ㣬ҵҪˣĻܴϰ˵㣬һֱСʱĸԸƭ
Ҹġô죡ͳˣʦʲôã̫ͰһͰܵľͶࡣ
֪ײ˾˼Сʲô˵ˡҽԺչһ£ײ㣬Ҳ˰
ˣ֪ʲôԵôʦǸֳһĨĪ΢ЦԵ־ǲ˹ʺˣҪǲץסĻԺȶûˡ
ҵ۾ɲֻǿǱҵƵģô꣬Ҳ׼С￴е㲻Ծ˼ҶˣΪһˣѵôҪ׼һɣ
Ҳ֪ӯСͷʲôԻʦȻñҵвԼˡ
Ǵˡʦ칫ϵıһڲ裬Ϧ죬λƻҲ辡Ī޻֦
ѧЩɵؿʦҴûСͷȻĺ͵Цľ
ҺĲײң֮Ҳˣô򵥡ͽ͵εط֣ڵʦ΢Ц£ѾΡ
ȿȣðɣ˵ˣ͵ɣøȥڿٲˡʦ˵
ĽŲûͷ;֪Ƿӯˡ
λѧʰһ¶ʦһһ߳˰칫ңӯ͸ɵƵأ͵ı
ŵŵŵš˼ٶҵĽŲ߳칫ҵ̧ͷһֻһװĵ˳ĺ棬һź۾ְҵȹװŮԡ
Ůų´ĥķ飬һ˫޳ȱ¶ڿУŮԻбһĵȻЩܶʱǰ¿ŵţ߸ЬöذžĹΪ
ǰͷǸˣһһ߳߹͵ߣ̧ͷ칫Ǽֵʱ򣬽ŲͻȻͣһ͸صı鿴ˡ
ͱķӯͻȻ΢΢ЦЦ


011 ϼ
ʲôģȫһͷˮؿ˺ʹ۾ĳŮԡ
˾͵˵ǰ˫ַȣڵش˵롭ԵƬ̡
ʦҲӰ칫˳ɻؿʵôˣ
ף־ۼĺܣԱŮԱŵĵп˼۵ۣɻϼţ
ŮģĳŮҲڴڵشΪܣϲһ˵ĺΣʱƱϵ۾ͷ
ѧʱ
ϼŰ˵־ǩԼǼǹ֪ҵĻǷǹڵľ˼ҿȫǿҵѹֵ͵ҵܱȵġ
дĵѧһűҵ뷽ϼŹ롣Ϊﲻйķչռ䣬ҴҲ൱
ڷϼھۼģȫǾӢеľӢ˲е˲ţ
ãҪȻ͸ߡȻ˵ϼÿ궼ȫУпչƸᣬÿÿֻһѧУ¼ȡʮˡʮУھɸѡĥʽΪϼԱģԲ
ĵѧһ仰ֻҪ̤˷ϼţʲôнŮͳͳڻ¡˷ϼŵԱԺǱˣҲǱĹ˾˲š
ϵͷһҡǮǾӢƾ֤
ʱ򣬾ȻϼŵˣҿӺܿвɲˣܵ칫ſסˣеѰζˡ
ǵƸῪʼô϶һĨĵ΢Цһּʵ׼ԷȥμǵƸᡣ
ѧҲһͷ
ڽ죬ϼŽڸѧչһΨһһεƸᡣ
Ƹչڻ˹վֱ壬΢ЩҵϹ΢Цɨһˣһֹʵʣλ
ˢˢؽĿͶݵϡҲЩ⣬Լļûǰﰡ
ǣʲôôʵ
ã˿ض֣ҽһ£ǷϼڹУչƸĸˣԽ壬λҵС㡣
춯˵СҲ˰֡
Աߵļ۾ֱˡ
üͷǰգԼɻ˵ǣ
ûлش𣬶Ƕ֣ӻеһĵгһݵϡ
΢Цؿź̽Դʦλʦɣܲܽİ칫һ£
㡣ʦ˵ͷڣҲһԴˮѹ֪ǰ˸ɶġ
Ϲְҵ΢ЦȻ߽˰칫ңźǿذӣһŷߡ
⵽Ǹʲôʵ
ϵЩֽ̯ˣȻӿڴóһ֧ʣ͵ȥ˵һݾҵЭ飬鷳ǩǩ֮ǷϼµһԱʽԱ
ԱһֱۿļѧʱһͻȻ׳ذըըˡ
ҵЭ鰡ǶĶǷϼŵģȻֻһֽͨСݡƾ֤
˳Ծģ˵ĿʽԱãеĲֱ֮
˿͵ɫˣ־ǵɴӣͶžҵЭ顣
ÿڶڿһ⣬⡭ô
һһףûκνܳҲûκξĴѧȻķϼſˣһžҵЭ׷˰칫ҡ
̫˼ˣ̫ˡ
΢Цؿͣţֻ΢е㳣ʶˣܾϵݳ֦ΪκĶ
һ̣Цݾϡ
ΪʲôҪǩ͵ʵϵıܵܵ
űʵ΢΢һŵ۾֣ĵơ
Ϊʲô⻹ΪʲôǩǷϼŵһԱ˰ҪΪʲôô
ǰѧû׷ʲô£˱΢Цؽ͵ǹ˾ǹ൱֪ҵϼȫǿһҿԡ
Щ֪ʹĻ
֪֪ôǩֻҪԴûżйӦѾǩԼĴ˰ɣ
ӯҲЩؿͣǿſţȴͻȻ΢Ц
ʵǣΪʲôң
ˣ־Ա߽ţǷϼŵľҵЭ飬Ͽǩ˰


012 Ƹƨ
ҪǾúʣǩˡƲһ۽־
ҵ밡־Сϧ˼ҵֲҡ
Ϲ΢Цʧˣȡ֮һ˿ȻΪʲôͷͻȻҪԼѧǩЭ飬֪򵥵Ҫǰ첻õĻԼķ㲻öҵ
޹»ҲǵøǷйʲôԨԴԣǵĺ⡭Ҿܾˡ΢Ц˵
˵Ƥڳ鴤칫һʱ侲ޱȣֻмѧصĴϢ
ղ˵ʲô־ѶеתԴ
˵ܾˡҲһɵ
ôܾܾô;ܾأ
ھԴеˣʵķչȫϡǰƽˣȻоһ˿˿
ʲôôûµĻˡʹкʦ˸Ȼ߳˰칫ңӯƨɺ棬Ҳظ˵ݰݡ
ȵعѾˣŤͷһԼ֣Ҳ޴롣
ѽⰡ칫ֳһˣѧУϸ˾չƸĸˣλʦ΢Ц˵ǱߵƸỹڵأ
ƸƨǱõ²ͻȻһֿڣһѳԼ֪ͨƸپС˵ŵŵŵŵ׷˳ȥ
λʦգ۾ʦΣſʵôˣ
Ҳ֪ôˣءʦȻʹʶ
Ҳ֪ǱƸʼţλͻȻܵˣкûҰҵǡѧǶǱߵأô죿
衣ʦ˷ۣһ۰칫滹ɵվŵļѧŸʲôȥԷˣ
弱Ҵҵܳ˰칫¥̫ĴһȦȴû͵ĺۼʱЩɥض˶š
ܣô죿۾ԴЩѯʵ
ģаˣˡ弱һźˮ
˺Ҫôô㶼Ƹ᲻ҲҪüͷʵ
ϵǵķ룬˵ҪҪûؿһۡ
ҿղǼѧӦ͵ͬѧҪҪʡ
ǰһͷԶԣǿ϶֪ġȥʣʲôҪҵǸͣɫգҲҪЭǩ֣
΢΢˷ֹۣƨ
ȥ㲻£Ҳûع˾ˡ
ѧУһҼªŵͺͷӯţӯһ̲裬ĵĴĻĴ۾ȴʱʱ͵һ͵ɫ
;棬Ͷ
֪֪һŮǺܲòġӯܲˣط̲裬˵
ͿЦһǱû̲˼ڣſ˵£ɵİɣ
ǡӯһѽ̲˹üͷǰôû֣ô
֪ɵġʶ˲࣬һϼŵĸ׷칫ң㣬벻˭Ȼ֪ǸǧС㣬ȴû뵽ҵıô󡣷ϼŰ
ӯƲƲ죬ŵðɺðɣҸɵģôˣ
ûôֻǡܵʦ칫ȥʲôЩɬˣһǿҵԤиŮӣԺҪЩĹϵˡ
Ҳ绰ôҵĵ绰ֲǲ֪ӯ˵ȥѧУ㣬ֲڣ˵ȥˣᵽҲû֪
ҵʦ칫ˣ
ÿڶҪ㱨һαҵơ˵֮󣬷ӯصؽ̲һӣ˵ʱΪʲôҴ绰
ûʲô֢绰㣿˵ˣ㲻Ǹʮ򲹳ô
֮绰첻ǺôûҪǵк֢˲ŸҴ绰ӯˡ
ûôǵң
ӯϵıһǰԹͷ˰ſ˵Щ˲һһɣǲǺңֻѶѣ֪ģݣѽʲô֪ĵѡ
̾˿ҲԼղŵĻ̫һЩ
ˡ֪ײ㣬ԲҲңԺˡӯȻ˵Ȼץת˳ȥ
ȻŷӯȥıӰȴ
˺ʿһԽĺ蹵Ȼͷӯֳ˽ȴԼնϵġ


013 ɫ
ĲɵСŵˣһƵسš
ȵͳ˳֮ȴڵһʱ䱻ĴѰˡ
߶µͳֻһ绰ѹҵˡ
绰ͷһɵĺãȲҪס
֪ˡѹͷļ˵绰ԶԶ׺
ǷǰͿ϶ͷ˸ˣڡΪʧʱ䣬Ԫ֮ޱȣ޷ŸӦֱһ߻ԼҵʱҲûֱŵ
߽һС¥֮ٴó绰绰ͷ˱λá
Сʱһļ𱬵ŮߵߡŮͷͷ˸ᣬŰɫĳһп㣬ΣŤſһյСͶ䣬źۼشһɳķϡ
ŮǸղųڰ칫ҵţ˿ֻ⻻ѣͽԼ쾡µչ˳
ߵһԵߣļģ
һͷ֮󣬶ʱ¶һմģɵɵضǾµ
Ż˵㵭ױϻһȻ㣬
СƨаһȴԽκڻ΢Цʵģ
һڿˮЩŤͷָһ¥ҿȥˣڼ¥ȴ֪
ˣʣµɡˡŵص˵ͷ
֮ǰԼ󣬴һ˿ֺõ΢Цʵ
ģһԻģڵ¼ò¼ãÿܵ˼
лл̫лˡʱ˷
ʹ˿ڼпֽһʱǲģһȺ̫ԻǣҲ֣ʺ
ˣͻȻˣŤͷȥȷԼҵ壬˰ſʵ˭
¥µסˮǲǻˣһֱ©ˮҿһô⴫һŮ
ˮܻôǿɸ˼鷳ˡҲûɣվ˴š
վһЦӯӯĳŮˣһ㶣ⲻǸղſǸСô
̶̵һλСѾ˽˳ֻŸˣıظҵˡ
˵ģϹӴˣ˵ôϤء
ǹǩԼ飿ĶͷղŲѾôҾܾ
˼ҿû˵ʲôǩԼգĵĴ۾һĨˮ촽΢΢ţ˼ֻѡ
ҸϤôʲôͷޱȡ
һŵһ㶼ߵɳ£Ťͷ͵пˣҲˮô
ҡͷ̾Ϣת˱ˮǰֻа׿ˮ
Ȱ׿ˮġһڣȻһᵹɳϣ̧ͷһܵĻ⻹һѧңһѧģ
ôˣʲô⣿Ů˺ߣ롣
ǰͬѧɲʲôڷŵ롣ңҲûһζûеӻûеԣûзȣһȤ
ҵ£޹ءͺе㲻ͷ
Ȱȴûں͵ֽ⿪Լµһӡ
챾еȣټﻹûзȣ͸ˡ
ŵĺǱ˿һ⿪ӣ˫ֳϥϣ͡
Ƭ鷿м伷ѹһ鹵ð棬ʱʱ¶ĺɫ֣޷շ尡
ɫôͲмƲƲ죬ȴ˿˿Ӧ
Ϊյģ
ʵĺܺ档ſˣһʲô̬ܾ˷ϼŵĺ⡣
ûʲôֻ̬ǲҹˡͺŰ׿ˮŸȵ¶ȡ
ڲңʲôʱңѾǴˡſĵȰţҷҲǺܲǩ֮󣬶Ҳкô
ҪͶȻܾЦʿȥҹôֻڷ֮С
Ҫƽߣһסĸ첲һ˵ҲУҪǲǩЭ飬ҽ˲
첲⴦ĴУߵŮһ㣬ŻһֿͰίģͷ͡
ԼɱﵣţֻҪǸˣԼ֮£һӦġһ߳ϵ壬ջһδµĳ磬ǻֵ
٣ġ


014 ǩ
ĺܷˣҶ˵ˣҲǩҲûҪǩŤͷš
Ҫʹҡ͵ĸ첲۾Ϸ˲ˮҪǲǩĻҵĹûˡҪҲװ
¡
ҧ촽Ҫ޳ӣɫ岻ջǷ·һģһѽͷ˳ĳɢ£ŵСģڷ̣Ȼץ͵Ĵ֣Լʵظϡ
ǩ˰ɡͷзŴ⣬һֻỺؽԼµĿӣһԼջͶ˵ǩʲô㣬˵ġ
˵껹Ͷߴ˿
ŵ͸ڣ²ġŮĹҪ˵ͲģǳڵǳΪûҵľ硣
ǶĹ鶯ģ̨һ˿ȴظ͡ŮˡϣǵһˮͲˡ
ǩѾ⿪˴ĿӣǴŻƵĴɫֿ۴ۣӳŮĽѩһ˵ţŻһ߲Ͷϴ
ֵģģӿһǿҵĿУ˶鷿Ĵ鲻Խ˵
һ̴ѹֵŵĺСз˳ŽԴ͵ؿڣ㣬Ҳġ
ҵİ̾˿˵
ֻҪǩýʲôԡŵܷܷϻȦ
̵ģҪԼɣԼĹȨšȻ˵ƲһķĻȴЩܲˡ
޺޵ǰĺһ֣ɳϱ
˫ֲ͵Ĳӣ˫룬ٲȻһ׸˳ģϹһĨߣЦ͡
ﰡֱ˵Ŀǣ
ǿеĲᣬͱ˴űߣһִ˴ţȻ˳ȥŷŵ˵ϣ֣ת˽ع˴š
Ƭ֮ſͻȻһĲҽ֮ԹᴩĤ
쵰˵åŵĽ𣬼̵ĴҲ˾ҵôŽ߳ŭÿĴڷй
˺óһʱ䣬֮صĿ
ûĴһֱԼ²֣ܵǷϼŵвԱ۸ڶΣƲһѧǩºԼԼഺȻ⡣
ǳ裡Īĳ裡ԽԽģ̲סſں
ǡűˣǸܼǺһӵѧվſڣŸϽֹס˿ѹֵسҭţؿͣһ̻ת⡣
Ҳûã˵ǩͲǩüͷ˵ǻȥɣﱻ˿˿϶Ϊôˡ
ûôôŶʱŭСͨ죬Լ·ˡ
ԼҵȥĺòáҲˣ㰮ôôˡ
˵֮ع˴š
ˣ׾ˣǸˣǲǸˣûзȣ񣬶ңԼĹȻϹ
϶ԹϰŶ񶾵š
վſ͵˰죬ǸŮ˽ѹ˿Ȼ¥
ںһ
ͷ۰ҲԴһŮˣǣû취һĻֻԽԽ鷳
Ϊ¾ôȥˣصص͹һ˵ģһŮ˵ġ
ϳȥ˸վɾȻѨλ
ȵڶŽȥ׼ʱȴһظ档
ͻͷһʱסˣڳ϶΢Цء
Ůˡˡ
һֱţ͵ȥɽˣֻУ԰һȦ
ʶڿ񶼳˳ݵζ·ϻҼˣǽ־׵͵ùͷԶʹкʺá
Ҷ֪췽ϼѧУٿƸᣬʱжϵԭ򣬾Ϊҷϼ²ܻžҵЭ׷˰칫ң˼;ȻܾǩԼ
ţ˰ͰϢ˳ƵأɿѧУڴУ԰bbsһԡţ˾ǩϡΪӣ˵ĿˮսҼҲԴ˴¼ۼ֤˲ⳡĵսϸ˵ʱг˳ݺ;η
óһĵĽۣǾǣ˼ǷϼܲʧɢĶӣ
ܹѪǺܶˡ


015 
Ǹ־Ůˣͱһֱˡ
ڣȥģţϲҲšҾ͹۲죬ŮϾ˯ڳϣѹû뿪
ˣ׷ˣ
ڣһֱûȥܲˬ
쵱ٴ¥ʱȴϤĳûиǾͣ¥¡
ףûᣡͰȾܡ
ͣһԼһȥ
ղŻͷʱܿ˫Լȴû١
ߣôתͷһͷ㷢ס˰󽫳ˣͿЦ㲻ôôˣ
ôˣüͷţŮɫе԰ףͷһϸܵĺˮڻ죬ȴǴ¡
ʲô£û˵
ˡŵĶͷ̵Щˡ
ҵġĹĵ˵
ִ˳ţһѽŮ˳ڻС
ʲôʹţСֲϵôš
𶯣ȥҽԺ
ҲҪȥҽԺ㲻ǺôǻҪʲô£ϿҪȻҺˡ
ҪٶھͰѹ˶ˣŲţŭš
ŵ۽ˮҲҪȥҽԺ´룡
Цһôˣʲô롣
ô죿ҲˣյĲᰡ
ҳҩֻҪϢˡڷ˷ί˵
鷳ӳҩһ·ųԼУŵ˴ϣŪʪëĶͷ
žգŴ۾æµһУʼղ˵
ιҩ֮źܿ˯ˡ̾˿
ȵʱȴ;ڴ߿ֽ
ˣͷеıֽŵĶͷã糿յôˡ
ˮ˵
ܳȥһˮι˼ڡ
ţѾˣҸŪͷˮ˵
ܿ죬һ̶ͱͶ˹ſڴͷգŴ۾˵ûι
˵쾭壬·𱾸һ㡣ͷ˷Ƥֻһڿڵιԡ
ųţ
ίɣͿʵ̶ŵһߡ
˵أ̧ͷ͡
Ҫһ绨ĴŮһСƨûԺã˯û˯ã󻹵·գܲίô
αأҡҡͷ
ô죿ҪǲǩԼĻҵĹûˡСسҭš
Ϣɣվ˷š
˵㶫֮ŵľöˣ˯һ죬ڵҲ۾컨壬ϴһ˿崿Ϣ
ѧʲôˣʲôͷ
ŵʱͻȻ˽ˣֻɣ
ŵ˵ͷ
¡Ͷ֡
ۺɫСֻ·𻹲˵㣬ͻǸԺЩģĵ绰룬˹ȥ
绰˰죬ͷŴãλ
ȿȣ͡Щε˵
ߣһߴ绰ֱӹˡ
ؿϵķۺֻ͵ͷˡ
ƶز˺ü飬ͷŽһû˹Ҹ
Ըòã
ҪԷ
ҪǸͷҲԣ
ԼҳԷ˶ˣҵȿǿǡŮ֣ҲͺΡ
ǰǸСŵɣķ˲Թ˵˵š
Ҷ˵Ҫһˡ
ѽҵȡͻȻЩ֪ۡǲϴγµĺ֢
Ҳӯ˵
ʮһɡ΢΢ЦЦ
ðɣʱҪû⣬ˡӯ˵ž͹Ҷ˵绰
ҪθͲŲٴ绰ӯΣ²ˡ
հѵ绰Ҷϣžͷ˳
ôˣ͸Ͻܹȥ
ҡҪϴ衣ŵСյ
ζǸϴˡ͵˵ͷŭһۣ߷ߵ㺦ģ
⼸һֱڸͣѹûʱȥԼࡣҲûطȥϴ衣ֶ࣬ȷʵйɹֵֹζ
ðأôϴ裿ҪͲðˡͳ
ϴһӦûµģѽˣҾҪϴ裬ٲϴûˡüͷһš


016 ϴ
ԡڵˮãŰŷ˽ȥ
״̬ôϴ谡Ϳ·ҡҡλεʵ
ǲæŵһۡ
͸Ͻ죬ߵɳ£ԡҵĶ
ˣûϴ·һԡҵֱˣվſڣܲ˼˵
ûŮ˵·
Ǿİɡ˵֮Źԡš
ҵģ˰ΣתңһTһޱȵĽڿ㣬һп㡣
Ӧù˰ɡͿԼĽڿ㣬ʱЩһ£һڿҪǴһŮϣŮҪӵжôǿ
ǡԡͻȻһ͵Ӵ
ŵĽҲ˹
ôˣ͸Ͻ˳ԡſں
ءСţҪһˡ
˵ҪСĵˡͺﰡԺвظֳŹӣһƨɵڵϵģ
ܲңܱ׳
أֹͣУжϳڼѵվ
ٴδ洫˹վſڴߴٵС㣬˰ɣҵȰˡ
ϴɾܵġŻص
˺ôһᣬԡŲ򿪣һֻŶź˵·
ͽ·ݹȥϹˡ
Ƭ֮ɳϵƶĽŲ̧ͷſȥҲ̲סЦ
һͷʪͷҧűݣСԼƨɣһڵÿһŵüͷһ¡ǼԼTѾԸŵȹӴˣǵϥϷ
ûؽ·˹ܺЦô
ǿЦ⣬ӹ·һԼҳĽڿп㡣
ǰɣûڡ·ôʵ
ʲô£ѾŽڶ˵ˣ˵ʱСȴˣ˸
һ֪ԵŮǲܴµģΨһĽ;ǡŮûڿ㣡
ҲǣǼTڸκδˡ
һţһ̧ͷȥ
żTţ˿ǰĺȻͦθʣ޳ȱ¶ڿУŮСֻԼƨɣڿȻһջС
ʲôŽŲǡ
㲻ʱ򣬻ͦġ˵
ҪҪһ£űݽҧĿ˸ź⡣
ȥϢɣҪ˸鷳
˯ģ
ƨɳ
ϳ˯֮ʣĵ̨ܵʼÿյľѨϴγ忪ȪѨ֮󣬸о˲٣ҰԪӣԤϵٹ죬ڶѨλͿԳ忪ˣʱԼʵһ
̫齣ȻԼĥĹҪúܶ࣬Լѡûдġ
ڶ͸˸ֽĽ˳ȥû˸ˣԺúõȥɽôõĻᣬôܷŹ
һֱʮ룬ʱҲˣȽֳںɽһεĵطһͷˮشӺɽ˳ͷӯԼĵطȥ
ԶԶأͿλСŸܣվ·ŵسţģò߶ѧͷ
ȼ˰ɣߵӯ˵
ӯ̧󣬿˿ʱ䣬ŵ˵ͷҿûٵ׼ٹӾߵġ
߰ɣȥԵ㶫΢΢ЦЦŷӯߵСݡ
˼ˣһͷˮһ˼ŸôλС㿪ڡ
̧ͷһӯϹ˵΢Ц۾гΣֱֱؿԼ
Цʲôʵ
ڵĳ˵ǸӯЦݲ
ðɺðɡĶͷͷ飬˵̫ˣ뷽ӯСдҪһƽϣ
ӯ쿩Цû֦ҲβסЦô˵Ļģʵһ㶼ϡ
㣬ҽ˵Ҳǧ˰ˡƲƲ졣
ǡôӯ׷ʵ
͵ͷܳϿҵ˵⼸룬λСһûӣûи˵棬ҲῴѧҲԿ
ڲ֪ҵĺðӯһۡ
ֻҺ֣ݣҪѵĻһУûһǧҲа˰٣Ϊʲôң
ӯɫЩˣβſ˵ϴҶ˵ˣʲô֪ĵѡЩֺңΪҷӯΪұķϼšǰҲһЩѣǳ֮ͽԶˣǰʱȣҲϲ
͵˵ͷҼбľ
˵ĸоܲͬ˵ĺжһжܵȻʵװҡҲΪʲôܾͷǩԼ˵߰ɣֲ󡣾ͱڰɣ֪ǷϵĴС㣬ҲֺңӭңͨദӰȻ˵ʲô˵ʲôʲô͸ʲôûЩ˼ɡ


017 
ˣͷӯ߳ԱģλС㲢ûΪ˵ĵ͵ʲôı䣬˿Ǯ˺ԵĽζ
˵ɣҵʲô¡Թ󣬷ӯ˲ǣʵ
֪£̧ۿ
ϻûңӯһۣ㼸ǰ޲ҪԽԶԽáҿɲ浽ΪҪҵǸԼҳġ
εԴģȷʵ
΢΢£;ʵʵ˵ġϴ㲻ǹ˾˺ǩԼô
㲻Ǿܾô
⼸һֱҲţ
ǻͦĵġӯ΢΢Ц
˵ĻǸҲô
Ҫôӯʵ
Ǵ绰ǱҾˡ
ӯ͵۾˰죬̾ͣκһҵĴѧϵ֦ĶȻҲ֪㵽жٱ£ͨһµദ֪϶ǸµµΪˣȷϹô
ҵ׷͵˵ͷ
Ǻðɡӯ۾ͻȻ˸һĨôӦһ£ҲŻǲ㡣Ҳǹƽף
ʲô£˵
ԺҪˣ㲻ʧ٣ȻҲ췳㣬ԼҲҪֻһЩĵʱѡ
ðɣ˭ء͵˵ͷ
ҪΥԼˣƨ̴ӯĵض֡
ô񶾣ͿЦһСĴָͷӯһ
͵棬ӯһͨ绰Ц尡ϴθ˵Ǹѧ͵ǸǩˣҿˡǵģֱһǴõģллˡһ˵ţһ߻ͼ۾
˵绰ӯ˵Էˣ˲پˡ
ллˡһ
߰ɡӯվ
ȥģ

ɫĳܳһ·ɳۣ˵̳ǡȥͣóһ߽̳ͬǡ
ʲôɻҪô
Ҫ
ҲҪ
ôǵԼôӯתͷͣ۾飬񶾵Сƨɳ̴
ǵԼʲôϵô
ȻУûֻĻôʱ㣿Ҳ㣬ǻʲôԼ
ԭͻȻп뷨ֱֻʱըָʲôʱӯͻ绰
ڷѾˣӯѡʱѡһɫʽֻϺţ仰ѣ൱
ȻǮȫԼġ
ŪЩӯһӣֵˣؼҡһ֪סʲôطԺҪȥͣϸš
͵亹ˢˢﻹһŮûأҪ÷ӯײˣƺҲϴ塣
ˣͻȻһеҪȥѧУɡ´ʱҼ͡
ӯھͺʱ䰡ҿԵġ
аºҪҹҪϡ
ӯʱЩɵؿͣǴ֮ɫ˵ǲڼ˸Ů
ۣⶼµˡ治ɫĴָ
ߣ϶һҲŮѣˣѧУ´ɣʱҪǸҲҵ绰ˡ
æͷ
ѧУſڷӯǧ뿪˺ð죬ȷӯ֮󣬲Ź߳У԰صԼС
ɳϣǸŮɵţ˫ֱͷϸ޳Ľ¶⣬ϻ͵T
ˣشкСԴӣһɲ԰׵Ĳ̬
߹Ŷͷ¶ȣֵôţ
ˡ΢΢ЦЦˣҰ˵࣬ҪҪԣ
ܾһŮϵڴͻǵͷպе
ӳʢһŶ棬˹سš
ӵ绰ͻȻ˵
֪͵˵ͷ
졭Ҿˡ죬ллˡ
лңΪűڳ˵׻ҵĴһߺһ˵
ŵɫͻȻЩȻ̾˿Ȼ߽˷С
ڶ峿еͱŵѣ۾Ƭ̣¥ﴫ˸߸Ь̤ذ¥µĳӷˣԶȥ
ԼķУһֽԼͷTҲ룬ڴϣŮ˵㣬˲ɾһ


018 ϴһ
֮ϣͻƽȵţԪϢӲһδγѨλؿϳȥ
ÿһʧܣʹͱˮ͸ˣƤ棬˿˿ĺɫʡ
صʧܣҲԪһЩһ߾һЩۼڵѨλÿһѭķ˴ʱ;ʧܲû٣й֪ɹԼֲȥʱٶһ¡
Դ̫齣⣬ѾȥһˣйǿҵԤУԼͻͻƳͣͲǰľ硣
֣ټ֣̫齣ԵԼͱԵū
֪˶೤ʱ䣬Ȼ̨䷢һԭʹʧȡ֮ޱȵ泩һĸоؼܿƵسԼӿ뾭Уﴦ
ʶһƬ΢΢۾³һ
վ΢΢˵嶼·ӯ࣬ϴγѨλɹͬΣһ̥ǵĸоƳһȭȻ磬һһż䣬ը졣
·ƾӿšսԼȭͷԱߵǽڣݺһȭ
ֻһǽڶ·ǽϵʯҷɽԼһȭͷĺۼԼȭͷȴֻ΢΢Щʹѡ
̫齣⣿ֱʥĹ
΢΢һͺȻ֣ԼڵԪѾŨһĳ̶ȣԭɲԪھȻһţֳһ鶯״̬
ϴһˣйľ飬Ȼ֪Լ˿̵״̬
˵֮ǰֻڴĻǽѨɹԼһ̤ɵĵ·
ֻ̤ɵżڼ仯̫󣬱ϾһֱͶѭ򽥽ľѨǰһΣҲҶ϶ԼѾϴһ㡣
ܺãǿԼӾʼϴһ֮˰ʱ䡣ڣ̫齣һ¾ʹﵽˣǰھ£Ҳֻ¡
ֹӣһ֪
ѹͷϲãϴ˸衣ȻѧУɽҳ˲ĳ趯š
̫齣һƣ̫޼ֻܱͣȻʽǴնɱ֮ʱǿ߶ڵԪڣڱȻ֮ʱظܵϵӿۼÿһܴؼʡ
⻹ûķЧķ׽ƼֵյİԵſ
Ȼչٶϲˣ͵üȴе㵭Ľǡ
Դ򽣴Ʒ֮ɷħͳͳʶ½磬Щħǿޱȣǲ꣬˾ԪԺʿǵνħԼһΪе㹻Ǻħϲľʿǡ
аÿպΣ֮»Ա֮
ӡڵﴦĴԼΪﵽϴܽ⿪ʱԼͿ΢һƵҲԱˡ
ͻи㡣
ǧ֮ǰԼϽ֮أи·;ңԶϽڸ֮νΣԼûһʵϽ
ֻҪȵʵϴ㣬ԼͿƾ贿ķػǧǰĶ
ɲֵĶܹġ
ҪﵽϴΪ̫齣һķ϶Ҫ޵ĴԲ磬Ҳ˵ͨԼľС
ľоŴѨλŴͨϴһ㡣
·
˵ΪչٶȣѾǧǰԼϺܶ౶ˡ
Ŀ꣬͵ӿ̿ÿһڱ㿪ʼȵճ֮󣬲ŽÿĿγ̡
͸ճԹ緹ڴֻͻȻˣ˰ͻȻӦԼֻ
Ψһ֪ˣֻһ
͡һ绰ͷʹ˷ӯЩͼ١
ôˣ
ܲȥǱס죿ӯ˵
ȿȡ;ҵؿΪʲôһˣͲ϶㶯ʲôֽô
û㿪ЦС⼸˵顣ӯ˵
ʲôˣ
˵ɣѧУſڵңϹ
ѧУſڵƬ̣Ϥĺɫܳʻǰӯī֡
סģϳ֮󣬷ӯʵ
㲻ҪȥҼסɣŤͷ
ڿЦôӯִԱóһСƤ䣬·ˡ
кܶȱģңǸʮɫǣΣ
Цһ㶼Цӯһۣ㵽סģ
С㣬㲻ǷϵĴСô㻹ûطסûطȥסƵܿ԰ɣΪʲôǵסһ˵ļС
ҲϲסھƵꡣӯڴ
̵ģհһ춯˵Ůû죬һ⵽ʲô


019 ˧
ȵӯԼҵɳ֮Ͳεؽʵ
õַŪĳ˯ȥȻԼͿˡ
׳ʲô£ǵסⲻɡʵ
ûֽôӯˮСЩ
ôˣ
С˺ֲܿɱ˰ҼɱѾסŮˡ
üͷһ壬Աһǰıֽʱͣסˣ㶵ؿıСһŮӱҼɱͷǱ̸
ͷͿϢû⡣ᣬǧǰɱʱз
ֽݸӯɻʵòסСɣ
ǵģе¡ӯɳϣǵһ𰸼ǰһŮ˱ɱˣϣŮҲ⵽ͬĴ
üͷԺͻȻĳһηļ䡣
ֲܿİ֮ȴŴûбƻĺۼǼŮҲûκηӣô׵ˣҡﻹˡһǸɥĲˡӯһ˵ţɫЩ԰ˡ
ǷϵĴС㣬˱ôʵ
ҿɲС񣬼ǰҿǸ׳˺þãԼɡȥҪ󱣻ǲûô
΢һ㡣͵˵ͷ
ˣס⡣ӯŤͷ˿ܵĻʱһп찡⻹һ˵ļңôô룿
ͷۣôӯķӦһ˵ļҾͲӦô
˵С㣬סʲôʱ򰡣ҿɰ׼Դ󷢰ˡ
ҡӯƲƲ죬Ǳߵץְɡ
Ⱦץֱ֡췽ҹ̷
ͷǸû͵ע⣬ǽ췽ӯȴڶ̶̵ļʱڣѾŮͬĶ֣ͺеѰζˡ
ͻȻһˣǧǰĳ֡
Хʱа˴˧и˧ϰһаʱ򣬾ͱȡŮľԪ˧иãǾϲʳŮӵͷ
ʱʿ׷ɱ˧˼ҷںܶΰΧˣһΣһŮӸˣȵʮ󣬸·ʿŮӵʱɥǶˣ״⼸챨ļͬ
λ˧ϲһɫѣԵʱҳƺΪ˧
ǧǰҲҴλ˧ùͷϾ˼ңڡ
Լ˧ǶȻֻһ֣˼ȴͬΣҶǴͷʼ
˵ˣ󣬶СģģնԪ֮Ǿʹˡ
ţ͵˼ˡ³ɹˣԼԪܽӯϳȥʧˣԼϴһĹ˵򲻹·
ԼԪ̫޷ãҪ˧ֵεĵ˶϶ʤ㡣
˵ǣԼǶԷֻʱ䣬һЩΪΪҲ޵ĺܡ
Ҫʤֻܽ
ʿַʽͷ䡣ڸ޷÷ǿǵһ֣ڵΪЩ򲻵ѵʱͲ붯ãһضҪնҲ˵Ķ˧ĻҲֻʹһƵĻᡣԣֻܴ⡣
ǧ֮ǰͱôǸԪӤĸ֣ȻʦĴҲõ˲ٶЩͰһЩ򵥵ķʲôöԸոնûõħ˵ȴѾˡ
ǰһ⣬ǾֵǲǺ˧
̧ۿ˿ӯòֱּԣ˱ʲô
ӯ΢΢һ£رɳϵһüܱĻҪֲһЩ˵ŮĴˣġ
ѵҧš
ӯѵص˵ͷǵģ˿˺ҧĺۼѽҲ֪ǲģµľʱġ
͵üͷչˣʵĻʮа˾žǺ˧û
ҪȷͱԼȥ鿴һ¡
б޻ǳȥۺгһëʣЩֽɰһ塣
صУӯɳϿС˵ͻܳȥ˸
ٴλʱѾˣұӯã͵νԼ˯
һֱȵӯ˯֮Ͳŵңڷӯ·࣬º͵ԪȥӯСԴһᣬ˯ĸˡ
ϴûôԴţΪðˣȻ޺ǶٻӰ쾫Ļָ


020 С
ϴʱͽֽɰ
һ䣬ɲڻֽϻЩͼУúܶ࣬ҪҲܾϸ֪Ĳȫ档֪Ҫһ䣬ҪøͲϡ
ȻǻֽɰЩǴг϶ûġԣֻԼԪ
ôûֽɰڶʱڴһЩʱ϶̫һޣֽɰٴαɷκá
ڶ֮ϸع۲ϵѾһ㵭ˣԼڵΪ̫ĳЧͺ⡣
ڻʱƶϣǻֽɰٻҪʱ䣬һɱá
ֽɰղغã˷緹ȵ͵ʱ򣬷ӯ˫ۣԺشӷ߳С촩Űɫӡkittyèͼ˯£бͷһû˯ѵģ
ˣӯ΢Сۣɳһƨ£ʵ
ŵ˰ɡ΢΢ЦЦС˯ôȻԼɵĺ¡
ôʱˡӯһ۾һֵɳϣȻԼ¶ڿеһȡ
Ե㶫ɣҳһˣԼ档һȻԼ壬Ҹ£˳ȥ
Сһ£̯ıֽڵϣȻȥ𿪣ְ˸֣һ۾ñֽŷ磬һʱʱתӡ
С̶̼ʱ䣬صɱ˰СѾȫжϳЩ·ĴεˣȫǾװġ
СǸܸߵСǰҲ˵۰˷ָסˣǸ
ȻСȴûϾľܶ࣬ҪǷˣסȥأҲ޷жɱ˰Ƿ񻹻Сб޻ԲŰ˲֡
ŰֵĻ߹۲һ죬ȴһ񡣾춢Ҷúѹûȥ鷳ӯһΣԼȥˡ
ϻصУƿŵһɲǣͶʱסˣڣڷһ屳Ͷֵӣӯű׻һ߿ŵһ߳ţֻСᵹһߡ
ڣ˺ܹȥһȻһ̨ϴ»
ǽϣҲĪ˺ܶڻҵĴϣҲһոµĴߡ
һ˿Ϯ˳ŷͿһ˶յ
ŪģͿ˰죬ȷԼļҡ
ǰӯ˵ͷһ̨ԣͻ͹ˡ
ŮܼҰͺеĿࡣ
ˣҵӯͻȻʲôƵأϽɳУƬ֮һضŹ˳
һ£̡̺ӯСغţ͸Ͻֽӹ
Сԭر˼£ָŶβŰ
ڷϣŹСЦس°ͣԼ
ôͻȻһְȵļҵĸоһͻоܲܲ
ߣǰǻЩǲҵô˰ɣӯ˵˼ҿɲǸƿ
ʽŵĴС㣬ɣ޼ӣôȥչˣֳƯʵǸùﰡ
Թ󣬷ӯϴĸɸɾվһԿŵػɣ⵽ǲǸС㰡
վַͬӯŪ˯ٴóֽɰԼԪš
ȵڶ峿һ磬ӯԺ𴲡
´ȥһСͽϵţ̵˹ȥ
ȥʲôӯӹһڣʵҲ֪Լôˣǰߵ׼ʱ˵ģȴһֱ˯ŵ㡣
ԼԴЩҵͷȻɢ¶һɼС
ǽȥ˵˵ܸߵǰûȥ
ڷӯĴ£ͺС
ĴתתɣСҪһ׷ӦҪǮɡһװûģһ߸ڷӯ档
·һ¥ʱͻȻ̧ͷȥ
ܵܵǵĵȷȷû
ˣϳµ˼ҡӯ߹ͣߵˡ
ˣѾȫȷֵݡǺ˧ûǣ˧Ȼ˵ΪûþͿʼˡ


021 
ǰķӯһһ߶ͽСڵȴѹûע⵽ÿһξ룬ͶͣһᣬȻٴǰ
ԼԪĳһضϣһʿ׷ٵСȻá
ֻΪµ͹ƣֻάʱͻɢҸ̫ԶĻҲ޷Ӧ
͵Ĺƣ˧˶ٴȴ֪ȥģȥ˭ԣֻܵˣ㣬ֻҪ˧̤СԼȥʲôطġ
תһ磬ŰСת꣬Ҳ۵ĹǺɫЩ԰ס
һ˻ЦˡصϣӯϽѿյ򿪣
ȥѧУͿڳϣָö
ваӯֵؿ
ô˵Уͷ˷ۡ
ֲͣӯֻÿѧУ
ѧУſ˳÷ӯԼȥһﵽ˺ɽϥƽʱĵطʼ˾
ǣǺɽ˼ľдУҲЩҰ֮ζټԪոһգʱҲ˲ʲôҹˡ
һֱȵڵԪȫͲ΢΢˿վ
صĵطҳֳҡͷЦҲ̵ܹˡ
Ҳûʲô̫齣⼸£ԼѾıȽϽʵˣǿޱȣҲռһơ
ˡ
ıֽϣֿǳһŮӱϢصȴСڳеһߡ
⼸Сڣĺϣƺ˧Ҳ֣ҸŮˣתƾߡ
ǿҵԤУ⼸죬˧ضٴγֵ֣ĵص㣬С
Թһֱȷӯ˯ˣͲվĵӯУͷ˿
µСһƬ꣬˯µŮ˯˺е㲻Źۣ˫ȲںҹУѩ׵ļҲŵӫ⡣
ҡҡͷȻڷӯĲࡣ


022 Ǳҹ
ڳ緹һƬáһƣòаɹˡ
򵥵ģûεķ䣬ڵΪɹҲܲˡ
԰緹ּҴҵܵѧУɽʼȻ֪ʱ˧Ͳ֪᲻뽫Լڵ״̬Ҷޱȴʱڣ΢һƣԼΪʤͲ͵

ɫѺˣ׵ҹֻóڽлϵҲϡ裬ҵƻϨæµһ˯ȥ
ͷ̨һһŴ΢΢˵ڵϡ
ͱԼľֳа䣬ıǮ
һ·С˸ƧĵطһԾ㷭ǽСڲ
ӯʱ;͹۲ˣطСڲͺѧУɽһ˺٣صı˷֡
ӵЩ죬ͻǺ˧ѾǺԡ
˳ˮֽܵŲãڻһٶϣɵ¥֮
ȥСƤ£ϥϢһߴһþ
ֻҪ˧ضǳҵս
ʱ仺ţ͵ľҲѾﵽ״̬
أʶ΢΢һ˫ۣһâ˴ˣҴĸо˴
ˣҲû뵽Լյʱô׼ȷȻ粻ɰ
ԼµܱΪ϶ˡǺ˧ŶἸ£ΪԼȻǲ֪Ѿһ˵ߡ
ÿһᾫȷؽ˵ٴ͡
ºڷߣƴԼϢ¥۾ŵµһС
һӰؽԼУƶٶȼ죬αĪ⣬׼һ¥֮ͬڻһֱֱȥ
Ϳ¥һУڵƻͨԼɼһŮӵӰͶڴ֮ϡ
ӰϢ̨ȻŶ롣
жˣԼҲһѺϾԷǵĺ˧˵Ϊߣѱûʲôɱﵡ
¥һŮڼҴҵʰ⼸һֱڹ˾Ӱûһ˵С
ɽŵòᣬԼһŮˣﷸֵĶ
Ů˼һϣʱᵽƵȥס
ڿǸôʲôʱͻȻ̨Ǳߴ˿˿Ůͷһתͷȥʱÿ治֪ʲôʱһˡ
ɺͷɫЦš
Ůӵɫ˲ͱˣ֪϶ǸԵ֡
ŮУֻһ㣬ԼƴȻ˲
ͬʱԼ嶼ޱȣһɹĪɧײԼķ
־壬ŮӵڵϣˮĴ۾ͥŲһ㳯Լӡ
Ϊʲôܣ˫ȼеýģȴʼսⲻ˼ʣ֪ǸﷸԼȴܿƵ˷Ӧ
ı顣ڿ˵ˣ͸һζر۾Լ촽
־Ľڶ˫۾һƮɢһɴŮζ
ҪŮȴҲ·ڶ˵ĺ
ǼƷӵڲزסЩϹЩŮˣǰȣֱһᣬǳ壬̺ŶԪ֮ܿɹǣŮ˾ȻǸŮ
ӰһϧǷǰǿԽΪӣȻޣԼΪ϶аڡֻ˶ˡҲգŮ˵Ԫ֮ԼΪ϶Ծһ㡣


023 ɽ
˳ǼӵͬʱҲжˡ
¥Ͽٵƶţ׼λãȻ£ֱֱ䵽Ǹ̨ϣ΢΢һûз졣
ѾȫϢ˼£͸ĵƹ⣬ؿһ˵ıӰ
ˣθݣӴƤȴе׵ˣҪǣ˾Ȼһ·
Ǻ˧ûɽ˧Ϊϰа˵Ƥܰ׺ܹ⻬һ㡣ټһ·Ѿȫȷˡ
а䣬ѹͷļͲԺпٵ͵ϮǽžͱԼųˡ
Ȼĺ˧ԼһˣûжΪϾǧľһԼ͵Ϯɣξ׷ˡҪߴ磬һɱС
ǰţϡԿڵذϣһŮ˵Ӱ
ٵȵȰɣֻҪ˧ʼǱضУʱ򣬵ʱԼа̫޼ƣɱҲˡ̫޼š
üƻͻȻʶһŤͷһȥ
Ȼֱˣ˾ȻɢһɵĺȻٵسⶰ¥
ȫû뵽ССС棬ԼȻбʿ
ûκԥأһ̨һĺ棬ڵҹؽڲ
ʱһƮƮش̨һ
۾ضǱǾȻǱȻôãȷʵǼû
ǸˣȻһ΢ĺȻ۹Уȴ͸һɵа
ͻȻıɻѣˣΪߣͲ²⣬ϴңΪͿԼķˣȻҲʹáֻΪﵽ֮ʹеĲ𣬼ֱ֮
ضǸʲôɵĵӣΪûԼķġ
˭˵ĵӿĺ˧͵תͷȵ
ɽ䣬ηڴң˺ѪգΪȻֱŶ룬ϳһ仨ź˧
ɽ˧üͷһ壬漴Цʿûô
ʵ˵Ҳʵе죬Ҫ֪ǧ֮ǰΪһٽħնɱߴɲཫӶɾû뵽ǧ֮Щɻ֦ܿɢҶ
ǵߴʲô֣²š
ССħҿڳԣٱٽָź˧ȡĸӦ£аħΪȲԼҲе޿֡
СҪظͷԹۣһжϡ˧ȻΪУҲһССɽӿնɱġ
үүɽʱ㻹ûء˧Ц
һһ᳤ջ˼ͼڳһĨԭƽĳȻâţһаħֵĺȻҲƾ
Сӻе㱾µġǰɽ˴֪ΪһԳƽɣȻ۸ڶҲǺܺöԸ
˧ɫҲϾ£ԼĹչ٣Ϊû˼Ҹߡ
΢΢һ䣬Ѿȷ˹һƬӰͷ£˧·ʱü
׼ʤ׷ͻȻһŮ˼Լ
̨ϣͶ鲻Խһڿˮ̫꣬ˣ
ӵ˸ղ˺˧аѾįͣȻǰһжӡϵķӦȴȫѹסĵĿ־塣
һԺ˧ûʲôӰ죬ѪʮɽӣŲͻȻһĽƾȻ˧ɵض˹ȥ
Ǻ΢΢ŤͷŮӿȥֻһۣʱŲˡֻбڵϵŮ˫룬Լˮ⣬Ĳ˺ΣܷܷԼأ˶ط˷һȻ˫ĵԼڴǿ־塣
˧ϳɾȻǰһ۵ףºٺһЦֶŮһ㡣
Ů嶸ȻһҵС΢΢š
ס֣ŭһǿѹסͷһ᳤˧ȥȴ޷ղȡ


024 áƹ
˴ûᣬ˧ܷŹ䷢˲䣬˧һЦһΪĴǰһ˦ȵڤצ
Ȼ䣬̨֮ϵͻȻоʢ͸һ˿϶ȻһɼĹ֮Ӻ˧ֱֱӡȥ
СӵùˣͰңͺ˧ϵҿԼڤצǺ˧ճ˾˦ڤצصɵʿͻǣԭΪԺ˧ڵΪӦòʹ÷ģû뵽Ȼʹˡ
͵Ĺ۲֮£˧ʹе˲䣬ɫͻȻøӲҰһЩζЩҡΡͻȻ˧ޱȣ֪Ϊ֣Ӳƴûʤ㣬Ȼʧ˲䣬׼һ֮ɱԼΪҲνˡ
Ȼһǹ֮ЩȻδȴǹϸӦ˼а
Ǿ鲻㣬֮£ȻûսƾԼ峯ǰȥ۾־صɵϴ
˧ЦѣֻҪԼڤצСӱɣټǿʹڤצ˧Ҳƶ˽ŲԲûܡ
ۡһŹ׼ȷӡţῡɽٽɫȻòҰޱȣһѪܿƵ¶
˧ЦݻûͻȻ֣ؿϱһ⣬֮ذŹ۶ɵĹѣȴʼš
ֻһ˲䣬ͻǺ˧
˧ɫڱˣȫû뵽ϾȻбķԿԵԼڤצ˺
˧ܣѾΪʱĳֱֱش֮̽
ڣֹֻӵ˲šһƬºͽٺı飬˧ȴĲʺͲš
͸ǳԾѣ뵱õĺ˧Ȼڴ֮±˽ʵ仯޳
˧еţƬ֮һĨڵĹâмͷҲصشŴҹȥ
ؿһУȻ֪źڹʲôշȴΪֻܻسڵشϥ
Ҳ֣˵Ԫ飬ΪﵽһſǺӣΪԲԼȴԪ壬ʵЩ˼䲻֪ǣͺͺ˧ĸ֣ʵ㣬ƾǧľ飬ҲԪǿгܣȻĴҲ൱޴Ԫܴ֮Ҳ޷ˣֻ׳ա
ڹƶٶȼ죬˧֪Լ̵ʱҵԼ϶ɢ
ûȺ˧ԪСȻ䣬һպôźڹ֮ϡ
һĲҽǺڹдӴܵĺڹ⣬·ߵķƵأӿе
˧ּˡһİ˹һ̣ڹⱻһ߬סˣͺٺЦ˵
ǡ̫ˡȫû뵽ԼѾĻ׼˧ȴͻȻɱһɽӰԼĴæ
ƴܾˣԼ϶շ˺˧Ԫ񣬵ڤצ͹Լһˡ
˧Ԫȴûлؼңµ̧ͷһǼսӡ
ɽСӸղؿڴһ⣬϶챦ԼΪķûУܽɽǷŪǾˡ
Ҳٳɣź˧ԪٴμǼӵ̨ϡ
ڣŮ˵ѾЩ˻ˡ
͸ȥɽСӵƹȴѾ̵վ
ڵشַ̰ŭؿǷڵذ΢䶯Ůӡ
Сˣ֦ڣүأͻȻ΢ؿš
ЦЦԼУֱˣ˵ˣŮ˺˧аŻˣֲԸ
պãһ񣬾⳥үҵʧһ˵ţһЦسŮ˹ȥ
͵üͷ壬ɽĵӣҲôôɲеɽ
ԼûȤͱ˵ĴϷҲٳɣֱӳУϵľֱֱֳ䱳Ĵȥ
֮޻֮ټϾѾǰŮԵ͵ĳ֮̽ʱͻȻһ𣬵ͷ¿ȥȴֻѪĽ⡣
˭촽΢ȥȻ¡
۳ֻ׼ƹ˷ġۼԲҲպ鷳ɱˡ
ˣ˳ȥҲǸ


025 ջ
䵹ȥ֮ͲſŮģ
ֻһۣ;סˡ
ô᣿ôôɣȻ
ڵչĺܣŮ˲ţˮһֱֱؿͣޱȣӣ³ɺࡣ
͡Ůغţò˵ҡ
ţһڿˮһʿȵŮӣȻͷһֱɧԼš
Һܣ˫Լ˶ط˫ؼнţͺš
鷳ˣ֮󣬰˴Σаħ֮ķˣ֮Ӧòǵ÷顣
û뵽ŮӾȻţҿģӦǱȽѵġ
Ͳ֪ǣ˧и޳ܵϰߣǾڼɱЩŮӵʱϲǿ־ɫϣȴּìܵɫԸ˧ĿСʩչаʱ򣬺˧ûԻԷǡ
һڿˮͶʱͷˡ
ͣ󡭡㡭ҧ˵߷ߵĻʹԴһͷ˿ڵסӣ¡
̾һߵߣķŵĲϣעԪƬ֮˷˯ȥ
ְ˧ʱֻҴŮϵŮˣҲô
ûٹܳ˯ˣȽʬ巭˹˫ŴһȻóһֻкͯĴСľӡ
ӿһƷʲķӦǸȻǿ龵ӣǵͽĿͶʱȴһƬޣڲûκηյڡ
СսԼĿڴϸһ飬ִҵһɫƿӣšƿǣµ˵ʱŻԲĻɫ䵽ϣŵɢζüͷһ
˵ģȻǹԪ౾ǷǰῴڣǶԼкܴİ
̵ؽ˻ȥƿӣּǱɽһ£˽Ȼ˵ãǱԼľֳҪöˣϾҲǸԳԼԪĹ𻵣ԺսĻˣþֳϴ顣
æЩͲվѪ˵ʬ嵹ڵϣ͵ֱȥɨһۻڵϵţȴֲġ
߹ȥſڼϣͳҹɫ¥иȥ
غð죬Լ¥棬վɽˮܵɵ̨ϡ
طڴϣͶŮˣʵЩ֪ôˡ
֪ԼΪʲôһʱ嶯˻
ڷ˼زһҧߣ̽ǰ޳Ĳӣһº͵Ԫ͸롣
ϵĺˣ촽۽ëţ۾
Ȼߵˣžʧ룬Уͱһס͡
꣬ڻˣҪСŬԼһЩ
ʹصԴɿԼơ
·Ǻ£ŽԼڴһǣСֽץű嶼ڲʵô
ͿЦؿûлش
ŵСȻ԰ޱȣ漴ֵؿ͵ղŵЩ¡ô
ҵΣǡ
Ÿֻˡ
һϣЩؿ㲻ܽܵĵط㲻ԼһСϣкܶ㲻˽Ķ
Ƽʱ;øŽʲôʿܻ˾⡣
Ǹ·ˡһ˵ţһ߻ŵʱ龰ؿһ·ĹĶǺ˵Ĵð
ǰɣ͵ʲôû˵кô
ŵǸ֪ԵŮˣȻлأȴû׷ʣֻǿ˵ô죿ɱˡ
ʬ𼣾ˡվЦЦȽ˯һɣȥǱߴ¡
ʬǱ߰أǲˣ϶Ҫ鵽ͷϣʱԼҲѲ˸ϵ
˵óʣµа䣬źڹ֮ϣһ߽һεĵطһ߶˵û֮ǰҪ
ؿʹ¥̨£С㾪Ҵ̨ϣȴѾȵء
Һ¡ŸϽ
˭¶¡
ܻŵӣʬ壬һ·һǰʬϹϳصʯ飬һ
ˮܼû죬ʬͻᱻԶ˵Լһ·ĺܺãҲ±׷鵽ʲô١
;ǿ׳һæҲ۵ùǺȻصԼҵʱѾˡ


026 
صУͶʱסˡ
ӯ˯£ɳϣ㿴ңҿ㣬˵ɭ졣
ǶͦİŹ˽ĵؿһۣŮɫȻ̫ãҲûô԰ˣֻ۾׵ĸƵأû˯õģ
͡ӯŤͷغܽһ£Ϊʲôһʱ䣬Ůô
⡭أҸһ¡һ˵һ߸ʹҪԼ
͵ŮѡͻȻ˵
ƭ˭ءӯ˷ۣͷǻʶأôͳŮˡ
ʶңŲؿŷӯͻȻɻҺļ㡣
ûôͷЩȫǷӯһɵġ
ǡһ飬ûáʹ˳ϣɳ£§ŵļֻ΢΢һ£溬ߵصԴ
ӯֿͣţһ۹ȵģǷ·𱻱ݲйĻһ㡣
ϴСκһڣùǣ´αŪô󶯾˵գת߽䡣
ʲôŤͷš
ô֪ᶶʹԼϵĸ첲ͨ졣
ˣһʱҾͰȥôǡӯˢܳ˵
ͲھͰȥ
ûӯ˵ʲôɣӯԴѯʵ
û˵ҡҡͷ
Ǿͺã֮ܣǧҪ˵æȻһţϽ˷У˷š
ʲôŵͨͨš
Ҫ飬ҿţԲҪ÷ӯŵҡֽĺڹȡ˳΢΢һ£ãаã˧Ԫûʧȥ١
Ŷŵ˵ͷͷŸˡ
ӯ߳͵ķŽƲƲ
̨ϣĴĺڹ⣬ϵ֮ȴܲʣһתԼľԼľͬʱں˧Ԫ֮
ΣͱϴҪСĽࡣϴǲǸСԪ񣬶ΣȴǴĺ˧֮Ԫ֮ͬն΢һСģ˵ͻΪԼԺ·
ʱţϵĺڹرðСˣΧ·𶼱һ㵭ĺ
ɺɲ飬ȴ͸һаζںӡ£ԭҲùɭ
֪˶ãϵĺȫոɾأԶȻ任һַ
ϴһ˱˵Ԫ֮֮󣬱޳аĹʣµĴԪԼա
תڵԪһ˿˿سսĺнţеа޳ȥ˳žų⣬̣ͬڲʳɣҶһ㻺
ʱţ͵˺ɫʣ͸һŨȳζζͨ˵ȴԻ˲а
ڴϣ΢Щ㣬Щӣŵ飬һĻͺ֮ȥʣʱ޿̲ھԼÿԼܿһŹܿǵѪĽ⡣
ʲôˣЩʲôˣ
һɵɲζӣ͵ţ·ֻصܵɧ˼į͵ĸоŵСسҲؼ
֪ΪʲôܾŻûȥͻȻúˣ
ûԼеɲӵģȴŲһֱôɵɵضţԽԽϲԽԽ


027 Ե
ŲβЩĸоĿǺʵ촽ϣͻȻȥһ¡
ǲԵģ֪ǹȴʼհ಻ȥ
Ťͷ˿ңžͷ·һ͵ȵè䣬ûעߣŰƽŲڵشϢţߣر۾ӣ촽ս͵͡
ϣͺһջ˲䣬ȻߵĶܲԾ۾ɲǣԼ촽һĨʪĸоסˣǰҲֻʣǳĶѵĽëǼ˵㡣
Ȼ䣬ֻһůӽŵƬ̼עȫﴦԪѣѪҺ·
ԷԼǵƤѾС̽˱Լ촽ͲͰѳֲסΪˡ
ڽҪͷһ죬ҧһŵͷ
ʹ۾ؿ͡
ôܼԵգ۾ίˡ
ҡҡ޴룬͵ȵʱȻԷץţ޲ھҸطȥ
üͷһŵɫͻȻôһˡ
һС֣ԣתڵԪ͸ĴѨλڣϴΪЩ׾١
Ԫһ壬ž;ûĸо
Ƭ֮͵Ĵһ飬ͺڳʲôƵأһ˲䣬ž;ڵǹůʧˡ
͵ģȴһ˿ɲĺ
жˡ̧ͷţЩԴ߷˵ԡ
ҡȥϴ裡ѹû͵ĻҲƵܳ˷䡣
ؿŵıӰͲҡͷЦҲȫû뵽˧Ԫ⣬֪ͲҪˡ
Լ촽ͶʱԼˡ
ȴǿЩʱ򣬸ո˧Ԫ֮ڵԪеңϽһ²УִӿڴͳǸɫƿӣһԪ౾С
ҲòпԼֱõ˼㣬ϴСԪʱߵȹԼΪ˧Ԫ񣬸йԪ౾Լ˵ûʲô֢֮ģڣͿԸˡ
Ԫ౾ڼһů֮Уھ֮ڡͷڵԪת
ԭôԣԪ˺˧Ԫ֮󣬱ӴһЩټϹԪ౾ãԪһתţһȹԼľϢӿС
Ƭ֮͵ʶȻһϵıʹޱȣڵԪȻܿƵ̫齣ʽתѾͨļȪѨֱֱٺѨȥ
ԭͭǽһ谭Ԫĳ֮£ͬһԪֻǳΣ㳹״ٺѨ谭ƲسһѨλȥ
֮͵ɫŻظƽ֮£̲סЦ
˧Ԫ֮õĺôԶԶԼԤϣ˺˧ΪԪȻֱӳĴѨλԼΪҲɹؽϴ㡣
εͻƣȫ˵ˮɣûκ衣ңڹԪ౾£ȹ쳣ڵΪͬԼõһ㣬ݵʲô֢⡣
ӡ͵ͷһ£ԼһںʸǣɢһȳζǺ˧Ԫ֮캬еаԼų⣬ҲΪŲǰ鲻Խ


028 ŵج
Сô˵飬ʱûаȥĴ㣬ңԴôֻ֮ߣ˿˿İȫУ˸Ϣ
˼Ե⵵£ÿμͶǲ˼ҲظоŶԼ̬Щ仯
úסԼһͣʳסУһְ죬ÿȥʱ򻹻ѯһʲôߵģܸܵһɺĿעԼ
ܲؿ¶ĸ顣˵аȻѾû˲Ŷԣѵ˧аܹ֮Ӱ쵽һ˵ô
ȻѾԷӯ˫ŮѹϵȻסһСⲢûʲôѹͲ˯ÿֻ̨ϴѡ
ֻ糿ʱ;ܿ˯ڴϣһı¶ķԻ
ɷɧĵľͷţͶߴ֮һ¹ĻɡɽϴٹҲϸز鿴һ£ǱɽʵڲզΣֻƷ֮ɽĴڻɫǸСӣĥ˺üҲûзʲôΨһԿ϶ǣӣĹܣǼԵķԼΪ̫պΪȥˣ֪ӵá
ͻʱ򣬺ֵطַӯʰ
ôˣʵ
ӯ죺Ҫؼң
ǰ˵ؼô
֪ȻҵŮѡÿڵĴ嶼죬˼ô˯ӯԹؿ
ȿȡԩ˰죬ΪЩج˯ţȥŪġ
Ͳ˵һڿذ﷽ӯʰ·һ˵ôôءһܶסء
ٿķǣСҸŮѴСЬǹ˾ˡӯ޺޵ؿ͡
εЦЦǻӭӴ󲿷ֶɶġ
ˣúøŮѸ귭ȥɡӯͷ
ˡΧΧȹͦΣſ˵
ԹԽӯ¥ڳϣӯīӢˬؽ첲ڳ϶͵ǵԼҪ㣬ɱʧ١

ɫܳһܳԶںŷӯͻ֡
ڰŮˣװ
صУɳϿӵŶһۣնʱˡ
ˣʵ
͵˵ͷԺסԱߵķɣӿš
ҪҺ£ŵЩ־塣
ʹԴÿ糿龰ʵǡܴĿ鰡
Ҫߺôŵ۾һˮҿԸϴġĺ£
һֱ龰ô̾˿¡
ŵ˵ͷһֱֻҪһ˯ţܿǹѾܶû˯þˡ
ЩͺˣûµġŵԴſ־ɫʱ˲١
Ȼô˵ͻԶԶ߿һŮ˵ĳŵе⡣
ҹҹجΣÿÿоѣ˯ˡɫҲһһ㲣ʼ컹ǰƣ˯ʱ뿴Ͳܰ
˵ܰʣſܻᱻĥġ
Ҳ֪Լ⣬ȥҽǡһ룬ҽҲûΡ
һڴʱͻȻоһĽԼߣ۾һͷˮţ־زţԼ
ˣʵ
Ž˿·Ҫȥһ㡣
ȥǰ취ü룬ڵи취ʣҪҪԣֻЩࡣ
ʲôܱڵ״ࣿŵˮ
ǵҲǣһͨͨķˣųӡ
ȻҲԵȻǱ˧аţǾӦߵķҽΡ
룬Ϳڵ಻ɷħ
̧ͷͣ˼βŵѾǶˡ
һʿҲкܶʿȻǵʵҪߺܶࡣ
ϼĺˣŲ廰
ǲǡǸģʿˣǸ֣ҲǺʿĴڡ
ȻǶʿΪʲôҪɱ䣿
ʿклҲһܲңǻҲаħ


029 ðײ˺
̨ϣ͵ߣЩûеĶ
ܳһʱʱ䣬ŶԺģȴڲԾУȴͷĿ־塣
ÿҲû˯һֱܾҲƣǲǣ͵
ص˵ͷһ֪ԵŮˣͷЩҪʲôҪʣٺ棬Ҳûʳһ仰
дŤͷţ˵ķǴķţֻҪյʱգеȻơ
ʱ뾫߶ȼУеʶһƬհ׵ĵزʱȻû˼ں˼ˡ
ôű˺ġ
ѧҡͰڳһƣźˡòŮԣͺûйͷһ㣬ôھôڡ
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ɽŻ֮أһɢޣʵ޷ŪЩϺõĴš
ʿҪĻԼĹķֻһʲôҪĹؼ
֮ศɡ
Ա߿ţʲôԵĵطҲԼʱָôôɣôؼЩɶ͵ľ顣
ҲֻܴڸЩķˡֻһˣ˾͸з˵Ӧý͵ɽ
ңͱҲ޺ʵĹڸԼһ׿϶ǲˣ̫齣⣬ԼûŪס
һžȻ־ȫɾʹڶᱳʹҲޱȿġ
˵࣬д߲ܼ֡ͿԼ̵ͦβ˵
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ʵҲȷʵ˵Ȼʱ۵ܲˣվϢһᣬȴûиʼһСʱϢһ£СʱСʱʮ֮žȻҲ΢΢ظӦˡ
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ʮڣӯΣÿζڱߣദĵǢϾŮһкܶ๲ͬԡ
͸մͿվھǰԼ㷢ͦŲһյСǰĺغС
ǰЩĿ־ȥٴλָ״̬
÷Լ㷢һУЦؿʵʲô
Լ԰ɣȥˣˣ˵
һûˣأҸһȥòãſױ̨ǰڴؿ͡
ȥȥɡ͵˵ͷ
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ЩΨһ뷨ǻƿ̣ƾǰŮ˱
վԱߵͣ۵ĵ̯Tһãϱװгףײ࣬ϵЬһ͵δδ죬ϻӣƵشڿš
Ӿͻ൱ǿңͯеŮҰޡ
ԵģһϺõİײֱˡһѧɵɵضŵıӰ߷߲ѡ
ȿȡһڰûȥ;ҵؿ
㡣ı΢üͷֵûġ
Һһڡһ˵һץϵ̣˸׳죬ɿˡ
𶯡ŤͷһͣͻȻ˵Ȼӿڴóһֽز͵ǡ
һĻСǣʱоģˡ
ѧУɽվƽ֮أ⸽ӲľգԶԶؿţһĨĹš
ŷ֣Դͽγ֮ԭǸ˸о㲻ˡվģһǿˣһԶҲᵹµˡ
Ĵţ˱ӣһԶΪѣûĺӣɢһҰԺζ
Ȼ䣬վͶˣ΢΢һȣȴһŸеתơ
Ƶһƣ̫޼
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030 Ӱȥ
Դֻһƣټǰ۵ľ飬͸˵ԼѾȫ̫޼ľ֮ȻΪǷȱܷȫڵΪ˵ԼѾ˼¡
ҰŽӰķ裬ȻоԼʹԪ絶һƽ˲ٽƵ
ͣ½ƣü˼ţȻƺܱȷʵڡ
ǹԵʣ̫齣Ͳûûо顣Ǻ̫齣׵ĽΪԵʶʹԪҲ˵ùȥ
գǽ̫齣壬Լ񲻾һѳʵţֺǺǵЦ
ͻеżԼڵΪѾϴˣչٶȻǲġǵﴦķӡȴҪϴܽ⿪ҲֻеʱԼǰϽѰԼǧǰɸ
ٶȣ͹ƣԼٻҪȸҲС
꽣У԰УͻȻȥӰɣþûˡʣޱȣҰʱľ˷·ǰƯˡ
ʲôӰʵЩһ㶼ð
һܲ˵֮İ¡
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ţ
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ӵӰԺʱźȻ͵ĸ첲·ıģеСŮ
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ͷһΣǰͻͷһһָо
鶯֪һյȵĵƻҲ鲻Խطȥָоûڷӯᵽ
Ա߲иŮôС˵
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ѵԼǱʶ˾ǰģҲֻôˣ
ҲûҪҸŮˣԺܿͽŮ֮Ժ󣬵ĬĬԣһ·͵ĸ첲߻ؼС
ڶվܵѧУɽȥʱźзˣ˵
Դϴ֮ÿ磬ŶͷǰȥУġ
֮ŻҸ֦ѧ͵ˣϼˡ
ƵĽдˣȫûƿԡĵŮֻҪһжͺ裬
ͳԷʱžһߣСճŵӲݣޱȡ
Թ󣬼е̫齣ڶƵ̫޼ľ֮Ѿ౻ԼȫˣҲԼڶԵеΨһɱСƵĵڶǻΡ̫ͬ޼ķΧǻһ㹥͵ĽƣԪһܸɱá
ֻԼڵΪеǿڿҪҪԵʱ򣬿ڴֻˡ
һɽһִ򿪺ɫֻڶߵôˣ
ͣɡֻǱߣŵ͸һƣãĸоⲻһ
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ֻоЩԾæУҵķȥ


031 ɽѩ
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Ů۾ϵĳһĮĻȣɳվϹһ·ԶҲĨı˪ɽĽ
ϿӰ·ǸŮӡֻû뵽ǣȻһ۾Ϳ
ֲãֲԼһͻȻһĵĸоԭԷҲǸʿңʵԱԼߺüΣŵԼȫû
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͵񾭶ʱˡ˾ȻɽĵӣԼżɱǸҲɽĵӡ
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Ը˵ʱʵҲѶΪ֮˵ˣŮҲеۼ㲻÷ˡѩһ͵ϵģʦܵɽɡ
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ǿĽУǸˣԼĹ۲⣬Ϊϴ㣬ȴܷĽСΪɽû˳ɫĽơڸԼĸоͺڽеһ㣬һγͽӵ޿ƥеơ
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̥ȥɣŭӿΪֹɽӣһ౰һټǧ֮ǰΪȺͺ¿ʿв´󣬲ŵԼ٣˵ڼ䷴Щνʿ
ο֪ߴɣǼΪ̵ģԼѩɽ˵ܵʲô˵ĥԻᱻɽСԣԲִС


032 ش
֡ͽ˼ԲߵʱѩһǱɽһ͵һɾʹʱ󴦴˹һ˲䣬ֻ첲᲻ԷϵһɺȻ˳Žڡ
һϵɽڵϣͷȥĴһѪµѪ
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ֻǰ֮Դɱ֮;һֱʹɽ
̣ѩûֹֻͬһֻè俴һ㣬𽣣ԼʱѩһЦֻǱʲô
̫޼ͳŭȣûĴѪͬʳıһ㳯ѩȥ
УٴνӰ裬ѩ鳤ֻذڶ£ͽӰȫ
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ڴʱ͵ǻΣ
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Ȼ䣬ԭӦñԻǵͻȻɳݵش󺰵Ҫͬʱһָٶȣǰſ˷۰׵ۣͬСĸһ㣬ǰ
һĻѩŭȻѣϽؽǣųȥĽȥˮôջصģѩŬҲֻܽ͡
ۣȫŵϣײǽϣԭ͵ɴͣ£ĽʱѪȾ졣
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ϽӻͳһƿöҩУͬʱԪҩ
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ҵġѩĮ˵Թң
ۼеŮ˲ΣգѩɳϣһߵߣؿڴͳöӣƬ̣Ȼ󴧽˻С


033 
ֱѩط˷ͷЩҵ㷢һ˿޵Ǹ⣬˳ֽϵƿ˹ȥǼö鵤ֹѪ㼫Ҳ֣ΪɱɽӣӦôɽţǼȻ㾭Ѷϣ£͵Ϊֹ
ҧЦš
˵δزǼ£Ժ԰ĵˣΪʣǲҪɽĺá
ǲǻҪл㣿ŭЦ
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ǿʹվһͿȣ³һѪžñŵź࣬ĵߣϸز鿴һ£Ű
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Լʹڵشð亹΢΢һԪתȫԪȴ˿ڴͣͲǰˡ
֪ΪжϵԵʡ
ʿˣ֣һͨƤˣֻҪ˼ǣǱ˴ͷģҲֻҪһʱͺˣڶ֣ͱȽأˣûϺ鵤ҩȫһģԪˣΪˣɢΣڵڶ֣һϣƱضԺа޽Ŀռԡ
Щɵĵӣð죬ֻҪһЩϺõ鵤ȻԽӻءǡڵһΪޱ޷ŪЩҩ
Ťͷһѩʱµҩͼǲ֣ƿеҩȫУȻϥ
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ֻʣһѨλͿԽ̫齣һԲ磬ʱԼҲϴΪɽҲ⣡
ǡ֪ԼٵˣûʱԼɺģ̫ǣΪԼΪȥɽͶ뾡ԼΪΨһ;뿪ǰԼǧǰĶ


034 ˮ
һºϵ޴󰭣֪Լöˡ
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·ǲʲôŲʵҪô
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ҲҪſ˳嵽ͻУرĸ첲ѾˣѾˣңѧĺܿġҡ
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Ҫеصȥܷܷȴץ͵ĸ첲ϣͬץסԼϣ
ٴʱɫѾû͵Ӱеģֻһ֧Ŀݡ
һùģΪʲôңŴϢֽŶʱޡ
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ֻΣǸؤûؤȴ͸һ൱ƤԹһûͭУҲֻӲҡ
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ⲻ̫ð͵һеӲң΢Цضؤ˵
վؤٸüͷ壬Щֵؿ͡
򷢵㿩ؤأظš
͵˵ͷȻ󽫿ڴʣµǮ˳ŽؤǰУȻؤ˵ҵȫҵˡ˵껹̧ͷǸ΢΢һЦٸüĸˡ
Աߵ·˼һĻʱЩ겻ѣͭмźͮͮͷһǮ׷ײ²͵ʲôݣȻһؤôǮѵӻˣ
ؤٺЦţӿͳԼ֣һǮճſˮ
վٸҲ̲סˣæǰһѽؤϵǮȫ˹˵˼λ̫ˡ
಻ࡣվٸңǸģҪҪÿ˼
ʱڵϵؤͻȻţҵǮҵǮ
Ůô£ôһؤǮΧ۵·˽
ɵĺ¡ٸҧгݵؿͣ漴϶΢Ц泯˵ؤӡ
˽㵡
Ƭ֮󣬸˭Ҳţһͷؤһš
ҵǮ컹ҡؤأá
ٸ޺޵ؿͣ޳ܣ漴ӣϵǮݸؤŰؤüЦճſˮ
·ɢȥٸһһϹ˵Ǹ߲֮ٴλָƽ
ֱӣٸؿ͵㵽˭ʲôĿģ
ƻ£ұ֡Це˵
㣬㵽ʲôͼٸֵذһۣ׷ʵ
͹һЦתߣٸӻ֣ˮ
ٸɫ΢΢һ䣬޺޵ض֪㲻ģõ˭
ۿ߽Ⱥʧٸһı¿ˡ
˵֮ٸߵؤǰһţ޺޵ʱˣչˡ
ŶؤǮһֽҴ˻Уͭ룬ƨߵߵظٸ档



ڶ ɸ


035 ̤Ͻ
ɽһƹâʧеʱߵһƫƧشٸؤͬʱͣ
ٸǳЦȻ۾΢Уߵؤؤȴǻѣϵſˮԭؤ¶֪ıҲȡ֮ǡ־壡
ˡؤĺһ£ŤͷЦ鴤ؿٸʵˡǴ
𣿡ٸָܷܷؤļ
֪ģһͷ롣ؤֺõؿٸȻ俴Լϵͭ룬·һʵȥˣ
ǰǰٸЦţջܲء
ʱؤҲԼд˶ˣæͳһЦе˵λ˸ҵģ
ǺǣܶɣٸЦţЦôôеЦصζ
̫ˣ˵˵˭ô׳հؤŤͷʵ
ٸЦݲ漴˫ֿסؤĲӣʹҡţ˵ٶǮ˸飡ȥɣھɣ
ؤİӶ췭˳ϲϸģˣ֣ͣʲô֪֣ͣҪˡ
ٸؤһȭߣؤס
ˣ׷ʲô£ؤɥʵ
ûʲô˵ģھȥɣһռֽǮġٸСһݺݳؤԴȥؤۼˣһ㣬Ȼĳ׸ߣռ㣬һֻƵشܳʮԶһգܵûӰˣǱԶԶĪһؼ
Żؼҹ°ɣٸ޺һ䡣
̤ΥϽ˿ζǳвӵеģԣݺݺ࣬ﻨ㣬ˬֻһ·ȫƣɢ
ǧ֮ǰһԼģǧֻ֮ͣˡ
ȻкֱӳԼĶУǸͣĻǲǵġ
Ͻããɽͣľһ޼ʣǴδĴŮأͨӡṳ̂Զɭ֣в֪˶δ֪ΣաóȻ룬
ߵޱСģÿһ˿紵ݶŰ졣
ϻ뿪ǰľֳ̫齣ķתϢһʲôԣƱԵһʱͷų
ѰԺеļ䣬һһǳǰߣ֪Ƕôʹࡣ뵱꣬Լ̤ɽʱԹᴩϽһŲʮ·
ɫغŤͷ˿һɽߣץҰζƤȥ࣬Żˡ
ԼĶͲҡͷЦգȫ޷Ż߷ӯȡ
Ϣ֮һŴ農ϥ
ò˵ƬرȳеҪۻɾٶҲ൱Ѹݣǰĺüࡣ
֮£Լľİ˴ѨλȫӿϢż;ÿһеԪ΢΢䶯ţȻۺһЩ
ɫ֮ɫ֮ʱ͵ʶһһץԱ߷ŵĳԱһһɺоĶ߱㱻նأ֦ϵȥ
۾ǶһĨ⣬˿ӡ
ŵϵĶʬ壬ЦЦó⣬Ǻζġ
ʱ;Сظ·Ѱεĵط֪˶Զ̫ʮδµʱ֪ԼĶӦúܽˡ
ʱԼѾ̤Ͻڲش⼸ɽҰǶ񻢣ÿÿ񣬵ǱϾֻҰޣڵͲɶв
ǵͲһѺϽڲɲֻҰˣЩɾ־ޣԶź֣пܳ֡
ҲڴԼߵ·ϻʲô챦֮ģΪߵʱֻ۾Ĵתƣϧȴʲôûз֡
΢ЩŵǣľһѨλȻƾԼγûƹصļ
֮·ѭ򽥽Ȼʮõĺôǰһ¶֪࣬ûʱûʱ
ڴͻȻоʲôҫԼ۾Ƥͳǰ˿ȴʲôû֡
þٴ֮ʣԶԶأ˿â˸һ¡
һĨǳŨɫâͲһϸسǱ߶ȥڽʮڣ˿â˸˺üΡ
ѵ汻Լʲô챦ɣͶʱ˷̧ͷһϵɫ¹ҫԶǲ֪Ķ¶λá


036 
âλ൱ңԶͳƣ˵زʮأԼڵĽų̣ߵҲҪʱ䡣
ȥǲȥأ˵ֻ֮ش챦ļʺܴ󣬵Լжϴǰװ˷˼ʱ䣿
˼˰죬ھȥ͵ˣûʲô챦Ҳѡ
ע⣬ûˣŹâ֮ظȥ
һ·ȻնǴ¡ԭԤʱ䣬Ȼʹﵽˡ
ڣͻһȽصǾĨâֻ¹²Żᷴ䣬۰ôȣû˿ȷԼֵʮа˾Ǹ챦һĶûġ
һԼ׵ɽͷǰ죬ҽǸ죬͸޷֮ǰķжǹâľλá
վɽ£ͲЩˡ
ɽϵľطдУЩɽʯһһľ˸оޱȣǡ
ͺԼһɽͷۣǰʵȴˣСɽͷͷ·ɥһ㣬͸һ̬ӵĸо
ûľڱΣɽͷϵķ羰һ޼ʣžֳسȥһһϸѰš
һ죬ͶûзԼĿ꣬ⲻЩйֻеȴˡ
ƵǣϾȻС꣬һֱͣ
վɽͷϣСɽλãͷЩȻȻˮͶĿȾҲǾСɽڵλǸ֮أ֮˰ѷĹĺ˿϶űˤӣˮƨ˵ܸļǾǵ˰˱Ѫù
ûС꣬ԼӰ죬ض׼ʼǸһ붨;;òԾˡ
СɽȻûκε
ôܣؼ䣬κεطڣôŬ޷յһ㡣
˰СʱͲò
СɽйŹ֣
ﲻֻɽһֱߵСɽصĵطſԼ
Сһֱʱ䣬˵ͣ죬ûתļ
ȵҹͲɵ찡ɡ
ܲͬһߵŮһ㣬ƺĵ̽ͷ̽ԣȴʼղ¶ݡ
ľͻȻҡҷ΢ɴ磬ϵҲˣ֮ǽ׵»б£ɽͷ
һĨâɽһز׽ˡ
ԭǣ͸ϽȳǱȥ
ֽŲã˳ŹâææɽԶԶأͿһȭͷСʯͷɢɫĹâʯͷǶɽλãֻ¶һ㣬ʣµĶڵ¡
ҵˣ͸Ͻȥһȭѹ˺ôŽŪ̵ضš
ûüϸ鿴ԴͻȻһ󾢷紫æͷͬʱϳݺһӡ
·ײʲôһģ˺üסŲɫŤͷȥ
ѣϵĶʮ⣬һ˴س¹⣬ֻԼʮòͨͨЩӷһĨֺԲüú䣬ͣ˲Щᡣ
˳嵽ǰʮվЦеؿȻ󿪿˵λСѹգ
˭Ͳʡ
˽Լ֮ʱɫЩ֮飬Ӷͦ˲١
ûͱ鵭Ȼߴѹûɵλãǧ֮ǰҲûɣһ˵ţһ߽ղżʯͷ˿ڴС
üͷһ壬漴ЦСѻЩªŰ
ɽҰɢޣûгϽĴ̽һڵɽ㿪һ˵
ѹ֡ɫÿ˲١
λѣɺܳôʹһʵ
Ȼɽ˭˲ʶɣһţ漴ͷȻߴɻЩģҲ˶١
Ŷߴ֮˵͹ѯʵ
Ȼߴɽǧ꣬ҲɿԱȵ˵ġŪѧʶĻᣬЩ⣬Ҳ߰
ߴЩͼʵ


037 һԲ
ɽ¹Ϻ굺¡鱦ͻشȣɽʵΪǿ
ǧ֮ǰֻ࣬Ϻ굺Ǵðģǧʱ⣬仯ġ
Ŷôǰһˣ˵ɽͷ
ǰͦģԴһǰ˸ͽ֮󣬵λͲɽˡؽţһ˵ţȴû뿪ͷʯͷǸڴߴ֮£ɣǿ
ԭˣ͵˵ͷ֪Ͻкιɣ
ġ͵Ҳ˳ҵҩʯ˵ǰѣղڴ˵ѰĶһʯҵΪа֪Ƿϸ
ȻʯǶҲаΪҪͷʵ
ģҿΪǳòʯǵѿϸԸһö鵤ö鵤ڵΪǴ棬Σ˵䣬Ѿһöĵҩ
ͲͷۣΪʲôҩأԭɽĹԪ౾Լϻһûá
ö鵤ɽ綦ĹԪ౾ᣬڴ˵ɢޣûû͵ɫԹ˵˵ǰڣΪҪڵΪҪŬøĴʱֻҪȹˣպͿԱƽʿӿ١ö鵤дЧҩ֮󣬿ԴذȹڵΪöʯҿ㣬СڵΪȫòһȫòϵʯȡһöڷǳõ鵤Сѣȡᣬ˵˰ɣ
˵֮Щڴؿ͡
һöĵҩǲ֪ʯͷ۸Լᣬ£ǻˣҲͻˣȴֻ֪жʮˣȻųɢޣȴǧľˡ
üͷ壬ΪѾˣæ˵СѲĻöΣ˵ˣȻöʯȴûɢǿҵƷҲǺܸߡöԪ౾Сѣ׬ˡ
ҡͷ
۾һ˿𺣬Ԫ౾ЦеؿͣСѵΪֻϴĲӰɣ
ΣӸղûк͵ϮԼ˱ضʲôˣжϳԼʵΪͲ²⣬ΪҲߡ
ССͣΪȴҲѵáڳ޵ҿϴ߲Ϊˡ
ͲͷʵȻԼ²ûһﶼϴСˣϴ߲㣬ҲһͿ
Сѡһ˵ţһߴóһ֧״Цֻǲ˺Ը鵤ȡʯϽ֮أҼɱˣʯҺΣ
ԡЦһ֪֮²ˣҲû׼ϻϴ߲Ϊѣ͵ΪȻȶԷͣǿʣ͵Ҳ
ʿ֮Ĵ򶷣ʱ򲢲ΪһС
ٸһλᣬʯ򡭡û˵꣬;Ȼ˹
ΪǿǶԷΪԼ߳١Ϳɲ봦ڱľ档
̫޼һʹ콣Ӱ㳯˹ȥҲһûϬĽУɳʯǿĽ֮£žطͳͳ
һתϵĳʣٵռһۿ谭ǰγˡ
Ӱͷʯײ谭ͳͳô˻ᣬϽȥѹû뵽ߵ·ӾȻɽǰ｣һȫǳֽ
˺֮ľ룬ɫֱڵϻһͼͬʱǰһӣñʻɵͼͷ·Ƶأ˳ŵͳȥ
Ȼ֪⵽ʲô⣬֪ǲճΪ
һ̫޼ʹӰ׽ͼٵ
״ЦһϵسֱڵϻлţһĹϮȴĽƵ¡
˰죬ͷֶԷԼһûʲôɱУȥȥҲǼ£˴˭Ҳκβ˭
Ҳѹ֣ԼΪΪ㣬ʹò̫ǿĽУԷ϶ΪʲĹǿԵʡ
ԱΪͼͬʱʱóŪЩ纮֮ĵЩͷۡЩ䲻ǺǿҲһʱæңܵ򵲣ܵܿ
Ȼ˭Ҳκβ˭浹쳣𱬣Ͻ֮صɽͷϣ˵սһȴɽɽͷٴɽͷɽţֱǷɳʯ޹⡣
Ҳʵ죬ȫû뵽ʿȻܵƾһϬĽƺԼ⵽ڡ
˰ҹ˶ЩҲ֪˭ͣµ֣һྯؿţڵЪ


038 
ͻȻЦ
Цƨͺ޺޵
ѵС㻹ûôֱ˵ɽͷ֮ϣңղκ
֪
Ȼ֪Ϊˣ֮治СĻ˭ֵ֧ľأŵʵһ˵ţһ߻ӿڴóһ龧Ө͸ĶĴһģ
ǶȻϵãɽӲͨʯƷӦòô
͵ɫͻȻˡ
ǰǲκ˭Ҳκβ˭ƴľԪĴ֮˭Ϊߣ˭ֵʱ䳤˭ʤ㡣ңʯԼȴʲôûС
ʶʱľ͹Թ԰ʯ㲻˸·ԼѾȡʤһ㡣
붼룡һ˿ɱΨ֮ƣ̵ֻʱڽַŵڵأֻԼ֮ǰսʤϣ
ͷһҲ˲ʲôϢˣ;ٽٴʩչ̫޼оյػ⿪
Ƹ뿪ڷ̼䣬ȴͻȻоΣĽӰȻ֮䣬Ȼȫ۵һ㣬Լؿڴ
ǻΣԴϴʹù֮;֪ԼڵΪ޷ʹһУһʹͻԪɥָС
ʱҲҲ˽ֻڴһܽԷɱ
һʽŵòᣬϳʽϵػӶţ赲¶ԷĹƣͬʱһ䣬ԼһģʱһĹâ
ʹ֮ɫ˾޴ۻķ䣬ǶԷ̫ôڴõ
ȫû뵽Ϳֻжʮʿһ֡
·ײ֮ϵÿһײǲâᰵ֣˸Ӵһȥ
âԽԽԽԽǿأžը졣ۼԼķ伴ɷˡ
Ǿڹâʱ򣬶ԷͻȻֹͣ˹
ֱʱһƨɵڵϣһŷԼˮ
̫ˣǶԷټһᣬԼҪɥڴˡ
ˣԼڻڲ
۶ԷֱֱվųڵشɫصԼ
ҲʵޱȣʵôһֵʹҲһͿ˼ұࡣΪɵӵĺô
Σ΢ָһ֮ŹЦˡ
Ͼϥڵϻָ˰ΣȻܾۼǻԻһϵʹ
ͣȴֻؿһС
ؾ֣ͽŵԼĿڴ﷭ţ뽫ԼһֱûõĹԪ౾óǵ͵Ĵյöղżʯͷ֮ʱһ䣬һ˲䣬һӴĴȻʯͷϴֱӹԼڡ
ȻԼԭɺԵĵȫˣңļ
ˣ֪õɵҲһ˲˲ôӴе鵤ǻطõġ
𺳹𺳣һ۵׵ľϲصĺܺãαװҡҡ׹ģ
֮ĵվһسǳϲϵطŻЦĺܵ⡣
СѣĪҪֺҪ֪ɽ磬ɱ˶ᱦ֮ʱз־͹̫ʶʱˡǰףҪأȴͻȻԭһ˿â
ãϽӱʵֵѾˣ콣ӰٴԭͰĿҪĹֶʱ֧飬ҽ
սЦؿ˿̵ϱ鲼ѪۣЩ˿ڣ֮ðѪ
ٲͣӱڵϻһͼͬʱһ䣬Լһģ仯ɻʧͼһȣȻת˲ܳʮ֮Զ
ɵɵؿţȵӦѾ׷֮ܵɽµʱ粻ټ
ģɵأСЩƷȻôԼҪĶ
ˣ˱ԼһشϽ֮أҲ˶ãɽеҰ޾ȥԸɡ
ʵҲЩ⣬ɵľȻ似ܹʵߴ֮£Ҳ鴫
ӿڴͳǿʯͷĴϲԽؿš
⿴һͨʯ飬ѹԼѰһҲûټ¹£ȴһֻٶȷɫĹâ
ǣԼȫӦκε챦Ǿγɵģǰ겻ΣԶٶһЩġʯͷѹûС


039 ؽ
ʶ΢΢һ̽ɫһ䣬Ȼޱȡ
ССʯڣȻŻֺӴޱִκ챦ȻʧɫԼԪӤΪӵеǰҲϺʹ
ңͻʯͷڣһģӰӣһɽӰӣŤͷɽͷһգ߶ʱȫغ
Ŭǧ֮ǰļţٺǰһһգ͵ԺͻȻֳһ
ֻڴ˵Уߴ֮ˣҲδ
ؽ𵤣һضطγɣǧͣγΪ̣أܵŻԴԴϵع䵽ؽ֮С
֮ԱΪؽ𵤣Ϊһö𵤣һɽĽ𵤣ʿڵĽһʿеľΪҲǡʿĽ𵤿ɱԪӤͬԣ
ʱգֻҪöؽܹ㹻ͿԱ֮֮壬˲޶죬ͬǣʿԱġ
ЩףΪʲôټһɽȻԵЩ⼸ֲϽ֮ĳߣɽҲۼ
ˣǧɽеγöؽ𵤣
ԼﲻܵɽĻ˵⼸Ҳ߲
̧ͷһɽ͵ģʱ˷㵸˺ðƽһɽĽ𵤰ǧĽ𵤰洢ص˵ȡ֮֮ߡӸղһ˲䣬ԼɺԵĵȻͱԼյֻľţһë
ݺݵһϵĵؽ𵤣͵˶С͵һ㣬СؽԼĿڴУͶǴɽ˹֣ˡˡռҲҲȡĽ𵤣컯Թñˡ
˵֮תԼķȥ
ʿʱ򣬿ԽһЩٶȣǰҲõһЩʯ֮ĶЧȷʵܲЩܹأҲѵãûˡ
ڣͿԺ˵ԼԺҲòЩˡ
ʲôܺʹ˵еĵؽȣʲôʯܹӵкƥе棿
ؽ𵤣ԶҲòģǾԶһ޶ģǧ֮ɽһöؽǲ׺ɣ˭˵׼ء
ȵϢʱȲһµؽЭЧ
Ȼ󡭡ˡ
ŵؽĸоɾҲܱ⡣
ôùӴͼҴҵԼ̫꣬齣ķת;Ѩλ
ָоͺԼһȫɵ磬˲ѡ
ֻһЧԵǰʮʱ䣬ڵԪɢϸȥĻЩɫӿ
Щõؽ𵤣ԼΪҲֻϴĲ㣬ѩҲ޻֮
ǣҪҵġԼҪһ֮
һ·һ·͵ϣһ·ȻûκγɾԼ鷳
ѵϽûˣܰǧ֮ǰкܶģţϼˣҲ
Ҳʡ鷳֮һɽȣԱһɽˮȻǧ꣬ȴûжı仯
ڴʱ͵ĵﴦҲͣԪܿƵسѨλײȥ֪УԼߵһľһѨλڱˡ
Žʹ̤ĲǰȥʮȻǰһ˻ȥ
Ǻǣ˻˾ȻҲϵˡҡͷЦһԼǧǰµĽ磬ڵԼǧǰԼȴǴͬ壬ѾһˣԲŽȥ
Ȼάǧ겻ɢǳ͵ϡԼµĽ磬ӦάֲôʱŶԡ
˵ǣ֪ν롣
ٴβ̤˳ȥղ谭֮أƽ̯ĳһط֮ǰĿ·һ΢΢һЦǰȥһط編ơ
ڵΪӵôӴԪΪԼ磬˵ؽ𵤵İÿԪݽ֮ʱ˲䲹˳һСʱ֮ãͲһ
ֻҪطǧǰɸظǰ
ǵһյؽ𵤴͹֮ʱȴһоҵʹ֮ʧȡ֮ޱȵ泩
΢΢۾Լڵ
ľŴѨλȫͨвϵѭţӿţ·Ƥĺһ
ǡϵĽʱ
ԭػض֮ȫھŴѨλȴû뵽ڽ⿪Ƶʱ򣬵ھŴѨλѾƣԼҲɹϴΪˣ̫齣һ㣬ѾϰôԲ硣
ʵǾϲ⣬ؽ𵤵ôʵ̫ˡ


040 
Եؽ𵤵ɫԽԽ࣬Χڴɽԣ趯š
ʱеϲã۾ͻشһƣʱΧĳĪɽģǰ
ԼţһССĲ®®ռжʮƽңȴԼϢĵط
ֱߣԼǧǰѳĻԣ࣬У滨ޣŨ
ֱߣǰĳء
һ࣬һСԼɽ֮ˮγɵġʰ쵵С㣬ˮ峺лεš
ɵɵؿһУ;ȻΪ˵ĴָоǵʱҲûС
а
һ;ӣîȫغɽвϵش˷ƶ
ææܵ®ǰ֣ƿǳĴţ®ڵһУ֣ôкϤ
һһһΣһţϣһЩϵĵ伮ŵԼưҶĲֱƵģаԵĹЧ
ϣһɣֺǺǵɵЦ˺ð죬վ¡
ԼѾϴΪˣȫԽ⡣
Ŀ֮£ɾԼĵ֮УԪšԪһΪԼʱ´ķӡȥϵͺȵӡ⣡
˿룬Ԫĳ÷ӡһ绯ޡ
һĨâȻϳ֣֮ʱʹʹȥǵȻ֮Ѿһڵĳߴ󽣡
һͷĺˮļȴ΢ЦϸĦţš
ʱǧ꣬ˡ
һΣǴӵﴦⷨΪٻһ֮Ĵ޷ٰõﴦģֻеΪſԡ
ǧ飬͵ԪѾʹ˲ɷָϵŸ·΢΢ȽɱЩ·ĲҪƣƲ̸ЩʿĹУҪԪԼķÿÿʮ÷ԪܵĽһʹָĵز
ͲҪһУǰѾˡ
ڻǿ԰ʱ
еĽƱԼƳҲʣ޼ԪȫٴγΪԼɸ
˵ǣȻǧȥתû˿𻵵ĵطֻҪȫԼľˡ
еؽ𵤵İ⿴ƺƴޱȵĹ̲ʲôҲæʱŪá
֮ɽеĽѾȻһ£ͱһ壬ˣԼһ
֮˸̫齣ķת͸һ̫޼ȴû뵽һһ٣ƾȻûͷų
ôˣɻ󲻽⣬ղŵһ˲䣬·ͻȻóࡣ
ϸϵһ£Ͳûзִǰʲôͬ
üͷ˼˰ΣͶСٴתķڵԪ
Ԫһ;ͷֲˡ
ŵĴȻڻرóأԪԽ࣬Խء
Ԫӽгֱøǰһģˡ
ǰǸᷢ飬ظΣȷԼĴԪ뽣Խ࣬ͻԽء
ԼϴΪֻǹ˲֮һԪȻʮࡣ
ȫȥԼò
ΪʲôûټתӲ®óţſڣԡ⣬ϥϡ
оĹЧûһᣬ͵ðһ˼ţԱǧǰڵԼ
֮۾ԱֻóһȽϺĽֻͣһͣڹ͸ղŷһС
ɽ̫齣ƣͬһطֵġߣศɵĹͽǷǵĹߣ
ת̫齣ķͻóءǧǰԼûܷЩ
ɽֹܲƷķء
˷ŵȣҲСоƷǰĴƷ֮СɽĴ˵УԽƷ룬Ϊģ޼ɽ磬ķëǡȻɽǰ｣ǳԼŷɽΪɽǣЩͨͨķѣûʸᲢۡ
ͲָʲôǡȻΪ̫齣ת仯Ʒף;ԲֹƷ


041 İ
ؿŴͺǽԼȫԪȫȥжأ
һڿֲո˫ֽŴһйԪ
ԽԽصĸоأ͵ɫǺţ˼µ壬ӵбȱ˴ȴ·رһСɽ͵ĸ첲ѹȥ
ԪŹһʱҲ᲻𴿾ˣֻܽڵϡ
뻹ûֹͣȴͻȻ֣ԭޱȵĽȻ˿˿·Щ·ܾϸֻǰԪĹ룬·ҲԽԽ࣬鲼Щ·ֳѪɫէһ͸ľࡣ
ɽȻİأʵڳ͵ϡ
񳯽ϿȥȻֻԴһ裬Щ··ƵأֱֱԼԺ
ͬʱӴУһϢ
ϸ˵Ǽĳ;ͺǸһ㣬ؿ⼸Уͬһˣ˲˧ҲӢǿҰҰԣͺʷʫеӢۣͺߡп鲻Խη֮顣
⼸УʨһˣڲͬĻдԼսԼļޡĺۡҽ𺣡ֶء磬׻Ӱ
ۼ֤һӢۣսḶ́Сһǿߵ̡
̫齣⣬Ȼûκԣûκ֣֪ԺЩеǣȷȷʵʵ̫齣⣡ͷ·һɽһʵ޿ƥеƣµ񣬸޷ӡ
ȽѣԼӵеƣֱһᡣ
ÿһ֮Ͷᾪط֣ıۻ𺣣Ƕ磬ѾʧؼѾȫʮзӡ
ʮӡӡһ⣬޵У
Ϳĳˣڴʱ˵ǸֳһĨ΢ЦһУһڵĳߴ󽣱ϣֻһӣǰĴɽ¡¡ӵײϡǱһ˴ɽײ˫۾һȣ˽ɽʡ
Ŀɽɽ
ˣ˵У֮ˣҲԽ̶ֳȣȴû˵ƾܾһɽ
ͻȻһֻصԼ磬ɽڵϣԼ亹վš
ҰҰζã͹Ц
ԭΪԼõ̫齣ĹѾ˲ˣԭΪԼǰܹԪӤ㹻ǿˣֱڣͲŷ֣ԼĿ˵Ķǳ
˵֮ǰõ̫齣ֻһϺõɹĻǸղſ󣬾̫齣貿֡
֪̫齣˵ǺĿģЩעڴɽ֮Уڤڤ֮УȴԼЩ
Щûûֻ֣ͼע⣬ûָȥȴһţʣµ飬ȫƾŬʲôӣõʲôɹҲŬĽ
ͲЩлˣԼȥлٸ޹̫齣⣬һҲɽصͼôһĻ֮ǰжЩͺ¿ʿǵԹҲࡣ
һοĶȻ࣬кܶطȴûף룬һһӡ֤
𴿾ɽŽ˲®һʱ䡣
֮˵鶼·࣬ʶ仯š޵֮£ۼΪʵΪ顣仰ʿ˼жԶ߶Զ۹ޣʲԷ⣬֮·Ҳߵͷˡ
֪ϣڵѾһˣȻΪǺܲЩ
ӶĹУڵͣԶûдﵽʳ˼̻ĵزıչأͶˡŤͷһۣɽвٹЩȻ˵ʲô֮ɽȵĽУ꣬ǧ꣬ΪԣĵشĹȻҲŵ˵ЩӾҩ
ժſ⨺ҵĶƤһҧʱЩӲֹԹԵĻΪľ͸ȹҲĪô
վڹɨһۣЩǰµģǸȴŪġӦЩԼġ
˵ǰ˳ȴûֵԼʱǧѭʵ޷Ԥ⡣


042 
ŴתڵԪʩչơȽǰԣյĽӰʵӸɱ
ǽֻһУ۵꣬ڴϴڵش
һˣصԼɸѾһˣһʹ͵ûһ̲
ޣ˱øӼǿӸ
һļ̶ȣԶ
ԪĴɽޱȣʼʱͽֻһЩĶǰӦͶԪƵѾԿʼʩչˡ
Ͳû㣬ҲûмУһڳԲɸӣԪԭʮ֮һӵ˷֮һ֮һ˽죬ѾȫԪȥһˡ
еǿֻʩչһ̫޼Լûк֮
ŵؽ𵤣ĵԪֱһһ̫޼ʹ
ǰȽһеӵĺֹƣ̫齣⣬ɽǷǵùߡǻһӲ
ףΪʲôǧ֮ǰԼʩչƵʱܸоٵζͺһûȥζ϶Եġ
ϰʮΣ۵ôܣ·¶ϰ
ͷƫ֮ʱͣ
ϴϴ裡ڣһ˵һܵСУ·Ѹɾ͵һʪð˳еŵĴߡ
ɽûˣϴ֮;ͳشӳ˳Ťƨ£ժŹӳ伢
ؽȻһ˲佫͵Ԫȴ䲻ˣҲܳ伢ʱһֱЩӡ
¶ϣ˴СС˺ۣϸĻǧ¾ɲһ˺ۣݺύͬһϸ˼µͼ
棬ÿʱˡ˶¶ӣʹ˸ãƵسɽȥ
Ͳûд·¶񱣬ǽĶǲ·ĺá
ɽߣټһ龣ĵشЩ˳̵ֲΪݺܾãЩ̶ޱȣƽϡЩҲǼԣȫĻһĶϡ
վƬռشԼǧƽľأһȻԭؼ٣ֱֱسȥ
ĵ̣ʱ޿̲ڴ͵壬ЩϣɺԵѪҺ
һ嵽ͷִ˸תһ߳ȥ
͵ĶӴϴľ֪뿿һЩеǸˣصͺôЩ֪֪֮ԼڴС壬ѹ޷Щ񱩵⣬ֻˡ
þԼȻһЩЧȴܲʼʱ֮һ·̶ܲˣȫ˺ۣѪ
ڣȴһ磬ԽԽʵԽԽܿ򿹻ÿ˺ҲԽԽ١
ɽͣһƨڵϣڵشӵ˺ۣŲǵس®ȥ
ϴ裬Źӣʹ·ϣŵؽ𵤣ʼ̫齣⡣
ÿһ춼ظÿһ춼˿ȴûκиĵҪʵҪ̵ʱԼʵȻɽ̤ƽǵɽţ
̫齣ѾһԲˣڶ㣬Ҳɹس忪˼ѨλΪǾϴ㣬ѹԼΪĽȣԵؽ𵤵ĸЧʹ˵Ũ̶ȣϴ˲㶼ˡ
Ǿ仰ǰһҪȴ̰ðԻԼ
һǰʱ䣬ʱټϵؽ𵤺Щİͽʮ㡣
ȹϴΪϵĴҲĳЧɽߵЩѾ𲻵κˣʹһ죬Ҳκΰ̺¡
Ȼ޷ȫʩչ̫޼ƣɱǰЩӣҪ࣬ڵͣת˳Ϊʩչ̫޼˳ɵΪѾӵһƽʿ޷ܵĵز
һѭ򽥽ضǿѾʼϰѽˡ
ԽأӳĽԽǳɽ磬кܶ෨ȫƵеġǴĵӡһɽͷγɵķһɽһϣûд֮ͨ˲ҲˡͨʿˣֻȡʤԲӲƴ
ģͬΪĶԼ˵ԼһԴɶԷϵķƾľǴ


043 ֮
ƵڶƣǻΣҲ
֣нǻʹõĻȫԴһֲ뿴ڷ콣ӰʱЩǵصͻȻһɣǷӦ΢㣬϶ҪԿ
Ҳǵܹѩ·Ƶԭ
Ұʱȡؽ𵤵ҲõһĪĺô
ɽУһֻɵЩˣһϢԼë̬˵ĸ߰
ȴ֪ձߣһֱֻǴؽĵʱ򣬷ų
΢ЦָͷŪŷϵ´صʱȿԱûΣա˵գһţڵطɳԶͷҲصˡ
ʱյؽʹĺô
ؽ𵤣һɽĽ𵤣ͳһֱںͽгɫۻصһվûжĻƽ˸ֲˡ
Ϣ͸һࡣ
Žֻһ¾ЧţǼȥԼεĹҪ˫ˡ
ôǾ޴ģҲơ
ǾͱĵطǲˮУȻ𲻵κЧҲ޿ɺǣϾؽǴɽĽ𵤣ˮĽ𵤡ӦҲһͳ֮ΪϢ
ЩһֱڴЩ黨ݵ⡣
еĲҩ󲿷ֶѾ죬ټǰŹϽƬɽӵеĶκһʿ¶Ҫ۲
ọ̈ˣͲ̫֮һسЩίʵ˷ҩЧһֱ룬νǵһ¡øЧǷԼá
Լһû¯û鵤䷽Ǻ޾ԣʵе㹷ҧ⬣޴¿ڵĸо
®ǰһƬӰѤãŰӣˮʶͻȻϢٵس߽ӽš
ϢǵһȴĸоǹȴޱȵıͿꡣ
ɻ֮£𴿾ŤͷǱ߿ȥ
Ƭ֮һӰ͵Уֻڸ߿֮ϣһ˽̤һɫ⣬ҡҡλεس߷
ȷɵĽˣͲſǺɫ⣬ȻһĲʴʴվ֮ˣǸŮˣһװ磬ͿС
ֻŮؿڴһĨ̺죬е㴥ĿģϵҲãһǾ˼ս
ԪĹϵŮӷɵĺܵͣ͵Ѿ㹻ɽȵĽ硣
ŮӾֱֱشɽУȷɽ֮ȴֱ絯˻ȥ
ŮȻЩɻɽȣȴһֱԭأšü룬ŮֳһĨϣվڲʴϱȭԵºλǰڴޣ
ɽȣصŮ
վڵϣͷţؿʵȫģͻȻһǿĽ磬ŮȻΪʲôʿˣŮӵĺо岻
ΣȫԿ϶ԷɽʲôĶ֣ԲűӡܹУΪ϶Ѿ֮ϣȴƲɽȵĽ磬ӦԪӤ֮¡
ʵΪΣҪϺüΡ
ˣģȫĶʲôΪ
ںһ壬ֻҪ΢ͷͿԽŽȴΪѣ򵥣Ѱ֮δ
׷ɱĶʵƳ磬ڰԼء
ңͲ֪ŮʲôݣóȻŽĻ֮˵Գһ顣ĴаԼͬù
Ҫ֪ɽȲʮ㣬滨ݣЩʿԭĶ
㹻ǰֶͬһĲֵ
ʱǹɱϢԽԽˣŮӽػͷһۣУһֻ޴ľٳԼ׷
ŤͷŮӼ԰˵ū˻شƣðȻǰ֮е
Ůӽǽ˵ӵǸˡȻǻشȵˣ⵹Щ⡣
ɽߴɣɱȽ⡣һ鱦ɾ֮ͨÿ궼ʿǰ鱦󣬻ԼƷ
ǻشˣ鱦ͬζ鱦شȵ֮˫ɽһ鵤ǳԻش¡µӲֹ֮ͨͨҽÿÿܾ֮䣬ɽвټͷشȵĵӣΪȻձҪһЩɽУ˭˶ÿͿģϾ˭Ҳ˵׼ԼǲǾһشҪҽεĶǣ˭Ը׵صشȵĵӡ
͵ҲϹشҽϧϧشȵĵ۸ڶϲûжõóֵĶձ֮⣬Ǵˣһźá


044 Ӥ
β£ֿ˵ˣǰһʤ߼Ȼǰڴ˵ޣǾҲǾͶ֮¡
ۼǾԽԽƼæ˵ǰӦūҵԸǰһöӤΪл񣡡
һӤ֣Ͳ˳ִ˽硣
ջʵ̫ˣɽ鵤ҩ˷׷ȴ࣬⻯Ӥȴеһ֡
ʿɾΪϴ衢𵤡ԪӤȡ
֮󣬱ԪӤһ޴ĹؿúܶʿĹؿԭΪ˽ڶ֮󣬱뽫ѣȻӼγԪӤ־͵йһΣȻ֪еļ̶ȡвһΪ٣Ԫ񶼻ɢ
Լǻۣȡ˺ܶ鵤ҩЩҩŻΪģһ亹
Ӥɽǰף˼壬֮󣬿Ժ̶ܴϵذʿɹγԪӤȻܱ֤ǰٷְٵĳɹʣȴ֮
ôܲģô᲻ġԼڵΪȻϴ㣬ҪߵһģʱлӤ֣ȫ޺֮ˡ
пٵطϵһʱ侹Ȼ֪Ǻá
վڲʴϵƣۼԼǶ֮顢֮֮Է޶ͷЩȻ޵ǰʮа˾ǲڴɽС
̾˿̤ŲʴȻθ߼ףԽɽȽַΧֱֱȥ
ԽɽȺһԪûʴ壬׹ȥƻ֮£ŬԼķŰ䵽ϣʴȴûˣϥ˵ϣԼĺ촽жö鵤һ߻ָԪ
Լһ־ƣжϧشȵĹó򶷣ˣԼڶΪᱻЩز
֪Ͻ֮УԼѾˣʹȥҲᱻǾ׷ϣʡǾ־һսеϣ
ͻվɽ֮УǻشʧķղؿŮβȣֱֱس׹ȥҲǿ֮ĩˡ
йȻϧΪԼˣΪһö㵽ֵĻӤϧԼƵΪˣ֮ǽԼյأǾ͵òʧˡ
뿪Ƭ֮ǹɱϢѾɽȽ֮ǰ
Ťͷȥʱʧɫ
ƿ˵ľ֣Ȼһͷ޴ɽ̡ɽ࣬Ϳ󣬷ʯܷǣ˫Ŀ죬ֻǿצֻ΢΢ڵһţת˲ܳףͨʿеٶ޼
һɽ̲ûпɽȵĽ磬һͷײ˽ֱ֮ݺݵصԭء
µվԭؿɽ̣ԭΪ⾫ֿ϶ҪһײϼΡȴû뵽ɽĿо¶Щֻ֮ɫ֫ڵһ㣬ֱֱ˳ǧ࣬һ߳һɽȳ׷ȥĿ⾹Щĵζ
ͨ飬Ȼ֪ǿ֮
ȽԵࡣҲֲ˲²⣬ǧɽ磬ǧ֮ǰѾͬ
ǧǰԪӤڸֲȻûдﵽ۷徳磬ɽ磬ûһҲаʮ
ؼŨ̶ȺǰѾȣٰǧǰǳˣɸֻ䡣ЩĹвָԽֱڣߴдﵽԪӤڵʿҲ޼ЩԪӤڵĸ֣һǸԵĻɣǵ֣ɽ磬ҲǹΪ
Ʊ˾ǽ۷ʵΪشȳݣ֮ͨɽԵ㣬ɽˣ˭һش֡ЩѾﵽԪӤڵĸ֣ȫʶէһɽеĽ磬ȫûϵ仹Լ֪ĸϽޡ
ɽѾƹɽȣʧ͵УȴһЩΪ˵˼
һץԱߵ·ãŴ׹֮ȥ
ķ֣ȥˡƺɽ̣κһʵֵܵġ
ֻǡղͿɽҲжദ˺ۣӺƵĲУ⾫Ҳûֵʲôá
Լڹȥڹؼʱ̰һѣԼԺҲкôϾǻشȵˣ׿˵ԼƻӤ
ʹö鵤⣡ƳԼһ飬պѼòæƣҲǲܾ
ȻưҲͰˡǰǾò߳ɽȵģԼʵǿ֮ǰ
ڣ˵ؽ𵤵ϰϢ֮ţԽԼ


045 ս
ĵطǺԶȴмʮ·ʱѾǿ׳Ȼڻ¡
ʵ˵ͻǺеĽЩߴɵĵӵģǲϺõĹһЩ似ĵǿԼٶȵǿԼϢϢܴӿķ׵ĹԷ
Щͺۺ졣
ЩȻһЩͨķǸʿʸѧҲҪʱУԼһɢޣƴѰ챦óȥʯҲԼãû̫ͱ˽Щ
ЩһҪʮʯֱԼҵƣһĹԷ
룬ԼȷʵģҲѹֱ˻Ʋɢޡ
һ׷˵طԶԶأ;ƵĽʹһƬطҲǴΪҡ
ͲҴ⣬æϢسµصŲ˹ȥ
һϢ۹۲죬ʶɨ¶ֲ͵Ĵڡֱսصǧ⣬ͲֹͣƶȻϢģСΪϣԼܿǱߵսͺá
һձߣֻ¶ֻ۾ͽǱߵս۵ס
շеĲʴ˿Ѿ򶷣ŮӵĿƣʴշ裬ңسɽϮȥɽ̵ģҲǶʴΪɵ˫ĿעŲʴĹֻǿ׳ǰצʾԵĻţֻҪʴһȻץסʴȻݺ˺顣ǲʴɽ̺ǳԱ˷˺üΣԸ
ڲʴĹУÿÿܿһƬƬƻɫɽ̡
ʴеãͲ²ĲʴԻƾͨҲͨҽԶǲİоͱϰָ;ĶءʱЩؽ޿ײشԼĶ֡
شȵĹó򶷣ҲɱԵķǱôһƣȴƽɱԷΪֲࡣ
ս֪Ѿ˶ãۿɽϵ˿ڣȻػŧȻƵŧˮ˿ڻƣѪ˿ӿЩŧˮһ
ɽŭһԼظһŮӣһ飡˵֮ûǷ˵Ĳʴֱֱس˹
һ˿ţֻɽоֵǿѾԤϣЩؼͨʿҲִУɽȴֻ˿ڻŧѡ
ɽСһУӿƯ£ؽֻһգ۵ʱ䣬ɽ̱㱻ʴһӣһԵڵϡ
ŭ󣬽ϵشɽ̿ɽ̵Ҳ·ɽʹţӷѳȴʼղԸҲҧؿԼķͷ·õһ㣬ԽԽ
һ˲佩
ŹۿⳡսͣҲޱȡ
ɽгɾ֣һ㶼ʲôģֻ῿ԼıȥˣЩֻһЩ˵ĸʺܵ͡
ͿΪɽ̺ǲ˶١ɽܿԣ϶Ѿܹεֻ֣սʱ򣬱ɱĹҪǿࡣ
ƵΪҪɽ̸ôһЩߵҲޡͻڣƲû̫ǿɱԷһʴ޷ɱɽ̡
˫¶ûУⳡսеô
Ȼ͵ԺиջЩͷɽ̾ͷ·˷ܼһ㣬˫ſǰĲʴȻӲرſˡ
ۿɽ̾ҪƵɫڱˡСһʮϸţë㳯ɽ˫ĿȥͬʱС뻳ó˼öĵҩ
Ҳ֪ɽ̾˫ۣԼǰȫֱϡʹ֮£ɽ̸ӷŭ
һ죬Ӵ֮£Ȼ˺һ϶
ŵҩɫȻĲ԰ޱȣӣСһţһѪϽٻط
ŮԪˣͲȻ
ʴķԪʴԪҲꡣƣûмʱ䣬뿵
ͼѾ϶ƽձضӶ֣
ϧϧͿЦҡҡͷԼܵ׼һѣȴû뵽ֻǹۿһѵĴսһ
ɽѾͨ飬ɱ֮󣬱ضκζԼȥˡ
͸ĵسˣȴû뵽ܴƾȻϵļöȫӳ


046 ͨ¶ս̺
ŮǲǱɵˣͿĺеĿɿڴ
ν鵤һ㶼õģֹѪӹǣԾȹΪԲԪòġ
ǡȴû˵ܵʱ鵤׳ġ
׳鵤ʲôѵŮɵΪԼ鵤ڻܰɽ̵עȥ
ͷնͻȻ֣ɽԭƵ壬Ȼڳ˷̬
ü壬ѾԼıǮǲɱ֣ĽգԼļա˿⣬һ־ͽȫɱ˳ȥ
ǼöҩѾɽǰƸϽ˸һ˲䣬͵ͻأ˳
ֻǼö鵤Ȼڰбҫ۵Ĺâ漴˵Ϣ¶˳Զǧ֮Ͷܵ
âɢȥӡĳ͸ǲޱȡ
ֻԭսУ֪ʱӰǾֵģһΪߣ峤֮࣬ͨɫƤչɳס壬Ϳջ衣ߵ峤ɢҲ˼ľ֡
һȴһޱȵڹꡣһһСϻܲ΢΢ƶѣڹβ͸һ沼˼ĵ̡
ֳֵֻĪҲġȴһӰǾȻһԼʮĳ״󺺡ϮֳۣһⳤĿɽ̡һȻȲƣҲ˶٣ҲǽڵΪϵĳһƷʲķ
Ӱгɾ͵ľ֣һλΪʿ
ôһ£Ҳֻ׳ö鵤â֮Ӱͳˡеİأȴûп
Ǳߵǿƣӣһȥ
ֻǳֽʿԼķһĨʱһ⣬ɽϮȥ
ףȻ֮ͿЩʿûͣЪָн㣬дʣƬ֮һУһ첲һӿնŷɽлɽ̡
ĹƣɽҲҴ⣬һɽͬʱܿ׻
ǷҲˣűɫоſڱ³öһ׵ıǹɽ̵Ĵȴ
ޱȵıǹȻֻ˼ɽ̵Ƥ⣬δۼǡʹɽ̿񱩲ѣץԼϵıǹݺһͳͶ˹ıűǹƶش˳
ȴûܣǾ޴ڹ꣬һֹٶȣƵǰ
鼸ǹȫڹϣ漴÷顣ڹǰצһһתǾ޴һβͣ㳯ɽɨȥ磬·赲ľԱɨϡ
ֻǷһ˲飬ĿϾӡ
ʿδһңָԼķΧɽζһ߽ӡͷųָɱĵɽ̴š
ǷߣԼԵͿջ裬ٶȼ죬ӰŵʿйԷ
ɽһ߷ضһһֵĹһ߳ȥÿÿǾ޴ڹ赲ڹǵǹ룬൱ǿǴƵβ͸ӵпֲ
һˣ֮ϼֱ޷죬һʱȻǴ˸ƽ֡
˰죬е㿴ˡ
ͻȻֵֺһʿĪڿǣ͵Ŀһֱû뿪ǸŮӡ
սȻûв֣ȴ֣ÿؼʱ̣ǻһЩӡ
ңǷߣڹֻ꣬ǵʿĿͣ·𲻾ʹһ㡣
ɽʵϾҪǿ࣬Ӵķߺڹ꣬Ѿ˲ˣƽʱЩֿ϶ӣǴ˿̣ȴһ״̬
ǵʿ͸ˣϷɽһֱɽ̴ɣȴһȥɽԪһɽԪҲˣֻҪǸˣսڣҲ÷ɽȥðˡƫƫˣ
ԽԽɻԽԽԺ
Ͱ˼ʱɽŭһ񱩵ӿſһ뵰СĻɫԲԲתţһ˲䣬ǱߵܶҲ
ڵɽ̾Ȼ³Լڵ𾪵ʱڵȻת˲һ֧Լһ̣红۵ĳ
ȻԼڵ
ս׽Ȼ׶ΣɽһڵɵĳʱȻһץס˷ߣͳ߾ҧȥһ˺ټһѪ⣬ȴûκѪ
һɨߣɽִڹǰһڹϣʱǻܲڹǾȻѿ϶ɽҡضԶǧ֮бˡ
֣ڱơ


047 
ɽһ˫۾ŭƣԽֻ޴ڹ꣬͵𣬾ٹͳ
У绨Ůһ
ʤٲȻɽ̵¶˲̵΢Цȴû뵽ڰյʱֻѾشڹ꣬Ȼ̧βͣ͵سɨ
ɽ̷ӦΪ٣һڹǵ̵βֻͣһ޴ڹβ;ȻжϿϿһزܿƵشתɳպǰʮ״·Ӳرɨһհ׵ش
ɽ̸ǱһɷԶ
ӵ𣬵ɽһ㽫óΣڼȥӪҲΪ
һֱָŷɽɽ̲ĵʿ˿̳ɽ̺޷֮£һָɽⳤת˲ɽǰĲϴ˸ת
ɽ̶ʱ໴Ƥֲڣƽ˺УɽȴǷޱȣټԪעȻӲӴгĿͽԴ
⻹û꣬ǵʿһ߿Լķɽ׷ɱɽ̣һдʣֽӡſ³˼öС֮
׼ȷػɽ˶壬ֱӴ䵽˵ϡеĵطѾһƬٲȻԿ۵Ѫ⡣
⼸ֵʹΪԼɲЩΪɢ޵ı
֮ɽѾûǰƣϵĳҲٴתڵһ£Ȼɽֱӵͷܣǿ־֮ɫѪɢһ·ǡ
ֻ֡ǹĺܣ
ؾҵţɫ԰Ŀעɽܵķ򣬲˿и
תղŷԼԪѾƣټʹóһֱûʹõĽƺԼڵ֮ܳסû£Լϣ
ﴦ𵤶ѣԪʱбļʱɽɱǹƲұ֤Լл֮
˵ǣһ̣Լɽɱˡ
עӰΣȷǾѾǺµˣһɣ˵˵ϡӲسſصƤþԼСִӻͳ˼ö鵤ȥ
ʶģٵرգ鵤Ѿս촽֮ʱƳ˺ڰ֮С
ͷǱߣ
ԭԼΪһ浹սȴǷǣսܾˡ
ƵȥһɲؿǱߵֺֻͳ״󺺣Ȼðâֱöҩ䵽˵ϡ
⵽ʲôԺмٵԼǧǰļ֪ȴһǺϡ
ְԼ̵ˣСΪϣͻǷǱ߹۲˺ôһᣬȷûκζĵվһȫΧһ߳Ǳȥ
ûȥ鿴ƵƣͷǶö鵤ܸȤ
ǰЩҩ仯ľ飬ͻͻȻɾ֣ŴСشǺü£ûκηӦŷĵؽһһͷö鵤ɫһһɫһɫһ֮ɫָ״Сӿ
ʲô⣬Ҳʶ̽顣
ֶԼĿڴУߵƵǰ
Ů˰ڵϣϵ·ã¶ѩ׵ļ޳Ҳ¶һأһͷң㺹ܣɫȴ԰׵ˡ
۲ƣͲŷò࣬ѩ㿴һӡļף׵ͬ۵Ķһ㣬·ָƣκ˲һСغǻԸڶӡ
Ȼ˿Ů˵ƺܲŹۣ˾ˣʹɫҲ˿̻֮
Ϊǰŵģǰʱһܿ޳ľؿڴһİ׹ǿ׼仹Ůе㡣
ɫЩ󡣽ĿƲһߣƵСָ֣ϡ
ͺͶԷСֽӴĵһоɵ̽ڵʱҲǲһ
ڵԪںֱײû˿·ﴦҲھҵضţٲȻһҪ߻ħģ
ͼҿ϶ǷβܵĻŮӻաҪԼˣԼҲû˿취Ͼʵ̫ǳ
ôأȻ֪öҩʲô⣬͹Ҳʲô֮ĶԼ˼ҷˣǲʲôܸоⲻȥ
Ŀɨ䣬ͻȻؿ£Ȼѹżö鵤
ѵԼóģȴûüµȥ鵤뵽


048 ̰
ˣȻǻشȵˣϿ϶в鵤ҩҲ϶Լƺ⼸ö鵤Ӧþõġ
̽£ǵڵϵ鵤ֱظʱһѡ
ö鵤ڱţһ˱Ƕȷûж
ҲΪЩƵС죬һԽǼö鵤ȫ˽ȥǻԼ컯ˡ
ƣƽڵϣһĨ̺ʱӡ͵ŮӵǰȻȫѪȾˡ
΢΢ƿЩõ·ͿһƳ˿ڣѿƽ̹Сϣ˿ڻðѪ
üͷ̶ֳȵƤˣȻɥѾܴ֮壬΢һƶɥȪ
˾ȵף
ֹѪ˵ĵҩԼҲûУŮӦеġ
ĵطˣĵطҲˣ
һС¯ֻӤȭͷС㶦һͲʲôƷ
ƬͲܶӨ̵СƿӣһЩƷײʯһССɵСӣϵж
ЩСƿӣһһ鿴һ£еƿǿյģеƿװһЩ֪Һ壬ֻһƿУװмöҩ
֪ʲôҩӿҲʲô͵ֵһҩˣȻϸĵͿĨƵĸ˿֮ϡ
ʹŮʶزš
һܿǵĻ;ȥһЩ绨ѩҹĶòͿĨ꣬һԱߵĲʴƵ˿ڽʵʵز
æЩͲźٺЦŴ֣ڵϣۿŵϵĶϲԽ
ЩʯʵزѾƷʯˣ͵ҲƷóȥĻԻٶ
ƿеĵҩҲܷŹȻ׵Ǹʲôġ
ﶦóȥˣԼòϡ
ͲŽĿͲϣԭӼˡ
ĪǴ˵еĵһţһ߲֣һƬͲ
ڸɵĵͿѾãǰǽЩŪֵġ
ʶһ̽ԭ˷ܵɫȻʧ
ݱͲĶȻ⣬Եɨ˼ۣ涼ǽɽһЩ滨ݵ֪ʶͱ㽫һͲ
ȵʶһ̽ԭʧɫʱ
ν黨ƳҺ
һƬĴ˿·ܸԼƵأϵͲȵԵؿһ֮͵ɫͬǱǰĺҹһƬ
ŮˣúõĲϴԼĵú͵ҩ䷽дͲʲôߵվŭŻڵϵơ
һƬͲҲǵԼĵúһЩҩ䷽ʵʹʧ
Ȼϵĳ㶦͵Ȼֹ
ףݱˣԼʶؼ󲿷黨ݣˣԼԽԭƳҺ䷽ˣڸһϺõĵ¯
ͻȻ⼸ԼһֱڴɽЩ黨ݵء
شȵ֮˫ѵҪԼô
ߣ̽΢΢ص˵ͷ
Ǽö鵤Ч֮ڵԪѾذˣûΣա
ƣ͵һ㼸лҪ֪ҳ֣ɣʬ˵ᱻɽҰ޳Ը⡣Ӱƣȡ֮еֻǸк
һϣٲȻһӹ󱻲ı顣
˵֮һѽϵĳ㶦ڴУҪƬͲЩСƿӶûŹ
ʯȻ£ȻԼûãǵȳɽȣҪһЩġȻ˲̫ͻǸʯƷġϾ˼֮ҲҪʯָ
ʵпܵĻͻ뽫ǲʴΪãֻʴһŮʹ֮ƷȻ˸ɽҲǸ֪ԼԺʹʴ¶ʲôţǾͲðˡ
ʯƵĻУͱܵһŴϣؽ¡
Ӧû㰲ȫȻǱɽоַ֣Ҿû취ˡ֮ȥǡ漴䵽˵ϡ
Լɸ϶ǰȫģͲܽƴɽУֻίˡƽ׵ô౦ͶԼӦˡõѡ񣬾ǸϽɽУ֮
еǹʹȴĿͶɽܵķƺɽܾˣѾģˣɽҲòȥ˿׷ȥһ˽ɽֶ̣һϺõڵ
˵ʿ̰ǲеġ


049 ׷
Ǻ̰֮ãջһҧ˳Ѫ쵵ĵ·ɽӶݵķ׷˹ȥ
ղԼôʱ䣬ûбƻɽ̷֣ȫ˵ϢЧǳá
ȫʢʱڵɽ̶ֲԼҪ˵ѾˡҲʹ׼׷¹ȥԭ
˳ŴеѪ׷һʱ䣬ûзɽ̵ټ
⾫ǿȫ͵ϣһ·ÿ·ֻܷٵѪڼҲһЩֹѪĲҩժĺۼϽ֮еľִʶһЩͨҩݣԱ˵ʱȡá
ʼʱɽӶݵټԣԽ׷ԽѰɽ̵ƶֻ˳ᵹĲݴԺΧľĺۼжϡ
ͼûϢݽ˾ŵؽ𵤲䣬һ׷죬һɽǰͣ
ԶԶؿǺɽڻЩδɺԵѪɽӦѾӶˣңӦòﲻá
ԼΣͶʱɽԾɽ̵ĶԼóȻɱȥûԼôصĻԼҪù
ʹ˷ʵе㲻ġϾѾ׷Ŀĵˡ
ڳ䣬ڴһӰһ׶ߵɽ̾Ȼĵ˳
ɽڵģʹһԭӦÿǿ׳ɽ̣˿ȫŧˮ嶼ޱȣԶԶȥһֻ͸ĳˮҺԲ
ƵսУֻɽжǳֻʱΪѹûпߡ
ңϣ񻹱ʲôϸƬ̣ſɽ̱ŵģȻһֻɽֻ̣ɽһΪ͵ķؿɽ̵Ŵһ˶ĿǱһ˽ȥһ㡣
Ȼһͬ飿һˣ
תһ£ͻȻˡԼɽмƵʱѾˣɽҲˡ߿򶷹һƻɱһֻɽ̣ŵͬһ·׷׷Լĵϡ
˵ӵôǿɱУôһɽ̴ƽ֣ԭһж
뵽ͲǼѩŮ߿һ֡
ɽҿһ飬ȷû׷֮ŲԼͬʬ壬һһӡ˳
Ҫ뿪˵أѾǸŮӷˣǵʱѰĻԼ϶ֵˡ
ֻǿԼİ£ͷһۻѾӲʬ壬ɽ̵оӨۣͬȴû뵽ڼᵤһ̣ɱ
ɽѾûǰĶͷ·һ̬ӵˣףͬʬ壬ȻֱֱسͲĵط˹
ɽؽӽţ͵һҲᵽɤۣȫû뵽Լֻ棬һ׼ûС͵һҲҶм˼ŶԲߣһ˲⣬ֻҪɽߵԼĹΧڣȸһ̫޼һǻΣģӦûл֮ˡ
Ǻ֮˶Ĺңֻʱ̡
ԣͻȻѣش·ҲûɻôԽԽȫûпʼٶˡ
Ȼѣһ˲䣬ԭޱȵɽ̾Ȼ׿ϵʬ壬һɷǰһȭҶͲںĴһ̣ȭͷѾǰǿҵľ紵ۡ
Ǳһ˲ȫһһֹĽǶȳȥͬʱϴһá
ɽ˫Ŀ죬һˣһֽĻˣԺ鲻ԽǱԼͬԴе龰˫ȭһѹûܣֱֱ
һͱһǿڵϣɽҲǳ˸ƿȻӲ˳ȥ
һεĽӴ˫ûռˡ
ɽ̸ǲ첻ѣǱƲôĳȻӵǿغŭص͡
࣬Ҫɱ㣡ɽţϵŧˮϵµţһŻζ˹
ôҵģɻ󲻽⣬˵ɽӦֲ˲Ŷԡ
ɽȴûлش𣬳ѾȫɱǣټƵЩãѾû˼ˣǿһ״ֳͳ˹
ӵһӴɽѾǿ֮ĩˣܽ¶ԷĹԲŲҵذڳƣתԪ봿Уֱ۶Ȼһֱȵ𣬵ȵɽ֮̿ʱһǻʹ˳


050 ڵ
һԼʱɹԲûбʲôȡɵĴ㣬ȫӲӲ
еĹšһɣγǿƻɽؿ֮Ǹ׵ʱһ󶴣ŧˮɽ̳ʹ𣬾ٱ۾ͳȴܿȥ
һٴһçšһ㣬ݺݳ»ȥ
ɽȻѾû˼άؾ˸첲赲
ײֻûһ飬ַɳԪ߶䣬ֽȵġ
ɽ̣ɾ޴ҵ첲ϸǳһ˿ڣѪⷭ
ֻڶɽɵƣԶܺǳ׵ʿȣǵʿֻһָķɽͲ㽫ɽ̵ͷ­˵ķɽֻ͵ΪҪڶԷѡ
û˿ͣЪйԪԽԽ࣬һαһκݵ»Ӷš
ɽ̼޻֮ͿһΣ͵˼ɽгɣǹ룬ƵĿ£˿ҲԽԽԽԽ
գɽ̾ٱ赲ĸ첲һϣ˳ƶ£нɽ̵ǴͱһȫԪ볯ӿȥɽһ˲һɽ
ԪܹΡ
Ѫɽһ׵ɽ̣Ȼһ֮£ƿ壬ֱߵȥ
˫ŴҲ𣬳صĴڵϣ֡
óؽ𵤣ĴĵԪƽ˺һͲվ
ԼӲӲɱͷ֣ȫռĪıˣаԼĴæҲ֪ʵȻˣͺе˷ܣϾһͷܹεľְ
ǿ൱ʿĽΪԼʱҲûնɱ
𴿾ûԪ룬ָֻ
ɽʬԣôĵﴦһ󵷹ģֺǺǵش۳һɫڵ
ɽսʱӿһģһֻ΢еࡣ͵ǲ⣬·һǰϸضš
һʵǿľڵ̺ʵ˵սľڵʿֱӷõĻҲ𵽾ΪãûĸʿɵôΪǽڵƳɵҩĻ𵽵ÿ϶Ҫ󣬶ңһЩƷʸ߶˵鵤ƵʱҪضԵڵΪġ
ϵöԵڵɽǺϡܹεľֲǵڵ޼֮
ӶҸѾҪͳҲˣǴһЩлֵõһöƷʸ߶˵ڵ⼸յջ񣬲㶥Լǰ뱲ӵˡϵؽ𵤣ǰһ뻹Ҫࡣ
ԻѭѵԼǰʲôĺ²ɣ
̵ؽɽڵ뻳УһɽʬǰȻ²ɽ̿ûڵǶѰһ¡
ϣѾɽ̣ûеεĽ׶ΣڲûڵĴڡ
һжѾæ꣬Ŵɽֳɽ̵Ķȥ
о־סĵطһ㶼챦Щֻޣ챦ػߡ
첻Ըƫͣɽ̵Ķ˼ȦͶûзκ챦ĺۼò㬵Լɸȥ
һδõƬͲͺ⣬ᵽ֮ҪԼкóһʱС
ˣлЩϧͲ֮мصɷöðԼѾõĶԼõ
ԼڵĹֶΣֻƶѣһӲȫԵЩһʵǿĶ֣ǾҪԿġ
ȥ·ϲݵİȫ⣬лξֵĵطԲ֮ڣûֵĴڵġҲͷ͸һ·׷Եʡ
Ҳһֱڿһ⣬ǾԼصĺܺãΪʲô˺ɽ̣ܷԼ
һֱѵԼΪ̫ϢԼǰ棿
ȥֻܹԼյĵؽ࣬ϢûµԵʡ
ʱɽ̫Ҳһԭ
룬ҿչսʱû̫ƺɽ̰ͱˡ
գ»صԼɸǽջĶ˳ϣȻСǰȥ·ϴ
ϴʱɽȼʮһϣѾӴѹ¶һĨѿͽ֮ɫҧź촽˼Σ·һܼѵľ׳׼Ľ紦ȥתһ룬ȴ˷Ǳȥ
֪˼ҵɸǰǲҪеĺá


051 Ƶֿ
˿̣λɽĻش֣൱ĳغ͸ӡ
ƱѾǽڶΪˣԪӤڿνһ֮ңȻԼʵţԷһڼʮǰѾ׼ƻӤˡôƾԼʵҲӤԭռ߰˰ˣֻʣζҩûѰ
ֻϽƾǷ֮ѰԼҪҩġ
˵ҲǴɣȻһɽѰҵһζҩݡ
ûֲɼƾͺȻ֣Լֻɽ̶סȥ·æֻ֮ӦսƾԼĶɽɱһֻʵɽ̡ȴһֻԴ󷢣һѽץУ֮״Լˡ
Լǧӳɽȴɽ׷Զòһս
ʤƵģڵȥһɲǣԭΪԼǱˣԼ˺״ǿҪ߻ħס
ɵƤʱȴԼһϣû˿ϣ÷Ľʵʵ
ǰ״ַƼԿ϶ǸΪ
ɽоֲ˺ģǾԼǸŮӣַ϶ҪΪϸһЩ
һԼϾڻԵʱһظƾַߡ
תһ룬˱ϾԼľˣʱҲǲѶΪ֮жʱδıĶЩм֮顣
˲ЩæһԼϵĶ
һ֮£ʱһŷĳ˹ȵ֮УĶˡ
ԼеĲƲʣƷʯԼ˫޵ķˣĶȫʧ
Щʯ͵ҩû˾ûˣҲ޹ؽҪԼʮռƻӤĲϺϺõĵ¯ȻҲȫνĶˡ
ֲʹޱȣ
⻹ҪģƽǵһƬԼͲö鵤ʧ
Ž۷ԺΪʵʱҲǷңֽű
ǸԼģδǰʾǱɽ׷Ͷ·ԼҲʹó
ȫԼһȥɶôΣʱ򼴱ԼǽڵΪҲѱȫкܴĿʦš
ɫɷ׵ؿ˰죬ͻȻڴ˵زԶһλ˵ĸۡ
ܹԼԼϣҲλǰΪԼʧĶʮа˾ˡ
ŬԼ˰죬ԽԽԿ϶Լ뷨ˡ
֮ƸոѣһԪ᲻ֻƷʯϴָ˼죬¶ģȥɽһˡ
͸ϴ꣬΢һ£ȻϰŪεսƷʶͻȻһŤͷȥ
Ȼ˴ɽȵĽ硣
ǰ洫һȻƵ
վ߳®Դķ˺ôһᣬԶԶؿ֮⣬ǸЩãѪŮӣվһ˿޵ĽǺͲ
ǰشлǰľ֮أ˵ţһ˫ĴɽȣԵЩ
ûнӻֻվﾲؿšŮӵɫ;ͿԶ϶Ȳҿ϶ɽǷиˣҲҿ϶ɽеĸǷľˡ
ֻЩ֣ƼȻһ뿪ϽŶԣôҵԼſˣѵΪߵĶҪȥɣ
Ȼظ˼λ֮ƵɫЩΣǰи֮룬ǰƬͲ黹ơ͵л񡣡
΢΢һ㶣иɻˣͲµҪԼģȴû뵽ֻҪƬͲ
ˣƬͲԼԵɨһ飬ûʲôĵطݱ˵ǻشȶеĶҲʲôرı
ѵлʲô˵˵ǣ͸Ӻˡ
Ҳпԣ룬Լɽ˾£ƬͲҲ䵽ϵĻԼἰͲһᷢеܵģϿһЩ˵˼Һģ͹黹Լ
ȴƬ̣ɽû˿Ӧҧź촽һεεŮ̬ǰƬͲĺҪֻҪǰܹ黹ƿԴӦǰκҪ󡣡
˵Ƶۺ죬ĲӶǺһƬϣϸš


052 
촽ŽƣȴǷ
ƬͲʲôܣȻŮӣǻ֮
仰˵ֻҪԼͲԼʲôʲôȻͻûɵȥ
֮Ի˵Ϊѽеͣʵʿˡһ¶ԭͣƾҪɱڡ
ɽ˲пᣬеʵĻϡأͺȻãԼòץסŮӵСһ㡣
վڹ⼸С죬ЩԹطһ¶ͷҷЦԳһǰڴˣҲ֮ˡ
ͲмصԼСΪ˵ƿǰΪƱܣм
˵֮ڹվ˰ΣӯӯʩһתЩĵسȥ
һֱŴŮıӰʧͲҰҰع
Լܵɽ˵ЩǻҪоͲмصĶ񡭡ͣϽתܻز®УһץͲϥϣͲϸز鿴
ݱͲϸؽ˸滨ݵģҩԣÿһֲҩʶͼ
һϸͲŷ֣Լлڣв൱Ĳҩ
Ҷƻ̦ͷݡȭʯ֥Ρ
ڵĲҩܶಢ͵ҵģǧɽŨġ
Ų®һĹ˵ʲôݱеҲЩأвͬЧ
һ죬ҲݱȫˣвЩۡЩԼڳЩ֪ԼʯԽ˶СЩҪóȥĻԻٵʯ
ȻЩĹӣҲȫмֵĹֻôмŶѡʣµģ޷ǵɽҰʱȽϳке΢һЩͨӡ
¶˾ģԺҪǶ˵ĻֻժЩûõĹ伢Щűá
ˡݱһ
ǻشʿǣõķϸϸؿһ飬Ͳҡͷ
ҪҩҺȻ䷽ĲͬҺϣټƣʱ
ǽνҩҺķش֮һҶ󣬾ǧ˻شȵӵĲ˵ɽɫˡ
ϧòϡ
һҪСֻЩʵʿﵽΪ֮󣬲ͷŵĳ
Ȳ˵ʣʱͲ鿴ʣƫԼҲͷų
ңڲŽϴ㣬ͷ𣬱ҪΪС
ؿһͱЩĻ䣬Լ˲š
Ƭ򶼿ˣҲûзʲôصĵطһƬٴ̽ʶ
ϴֻǴԵɨһ£ûпеʲôݣһ֮£Ͷʱ亹ܶ¡
Ӧʿ֮󣬱ÿ˵һ仰ͻظһ䣬ظĳ仰ϣӴʧأԶڴˡ
ʲô鵤ĻĶҩ
йԪһţ֮ڣԪʧΪˡ
֮֮Уǵһ
ϵϵͿǽһľ
ǰ㳤ıŮӣȻЩϡŹֵĵҩʵ̫˷˼ˡ
ƣ߶ڣƷβ룬߽Բġ
ˣϲҰġ
صĵҩһǶޱȣĥҪôΪҪôǵĶ
ڻشȵѾ׳ɳزôǧ֮ǰЩɶǴûĶ
ʵˣǻشȵɳˣţΪ˱ʵֲԷԲŻĥЩ߰Ķ
ʰһ飬¿ȥƬ֮ͻһ𣬲㾪г
ͲУݣƶ
ƸԼһ֡
ν򵥵ǽĻǣӡһöʵĵҩСʱѹƣѱӡĻǽû˼άֻ˵ǲ
ʹ֮ʱҩ׳־ҩͻ˲תǰģͬһǰ󲿷ֵתǣɲ翵ģʵ壡


053 
ҪƵͱʵĵҩֵҩƳΪֻصЧ
ֻص˱ӡе֮塣
һǱΪԼЧֻأһֽ鵤Ϊֻصò˵һ൱ķ̡
ƺķʱ䣬ƳöֻصһӡϺ꣬һӡ˷ߣһﶼкüĵУǸսڵľ֡ʵȫԱһһʿ
Լôһ¡
Σ֮ʱ׳öҩöҩȻ˲֣һ׵ʿ
ԭǵ
Ͳûἰǳ׵ʿݣʵҪϺͷҪϼΡ
аͼȫԿ϶ⱻƳΪа
˻ǣʹΪԼЧЩ޷תͶ̥֮ǾԲô治ġ
ͨˣΪʲôҪһУԼ黹ԭоȻܡ
һشȵĸ֣һʿǱ˵֪ܵĻܵۼʦš
ʿָ͵͵ҲʲôΪ˲ݵ뷨鱻ڵˣһֵòȻ
ֵ䵽棬ͼҿ϶Щߴɵˣ϶һǴƣһŪ
ܹʹԶΪԼЧ˭ۺ찡ŪʮڵʿӡǼֱ޵ˡ
ҵصܣҲ˷ޱȡ
Ҫ֪ŵϡлϸؽƵַд˳޸ĵ
ģҲǿģֻû飬޷ó׼ȷĽۡ
طϵͲ۾Ͻǰöӡǵֻص
ɽĴ˵УһִͨԻɱֻͨѾʧֵԼȴû뵽ǡɱ֮ͬ
öֻصһΪɫһΪɫöǳ֮ɫ
һ£Ͳ²⣬ɫӦǷӡߵֻصɫзӡϺ꣬ɫǳ׵ʿˡ
յսͿϸȻ֪Գ׵ʿʵǿߺ֮
ȻͲûἰʹõкֽɣɽԼľҲô׾ġ
ʹ÷ɽʱ򣬷ɽԽǿҪĵԪԽࡣȫԿһķҪǣȻҪķѴԪ
Сؿ˰죬ûҴöɫֻص⣬ʵ΢ķߺֻصʶϸظһöҩ̺
޼ϸֱĻɫֻص̺Ҫ΢ŨһЩ
Ҳ˵ʵڷ֮ϡ
ɫֻص߳˲®ѡһտĵطһȻֻص׳ͬʱϿٵؽӡֻصһָ
һֻصʱâţķ߻صǳˡ
峤ף֮ͨɫĿ¶׹⣬΢΢ĶڰС
ͻûüϸȻֻûԪһգȻӲر˷ϡ
ԭЩ͵ķߣ˦˼βͣƾȻࡣ
ֻǰһƬģҡҡλξҪȥҿʱóؽ𵤣˲䲹Ԫల¡
ݺݵ˦˦ͷһ¡ҿԼѡʵķߣԼһ֪ôǳ׵ʿųԼһԪҪɾˡʱԵˣ޻֮
ˣһ˲Ԫ㱻ɵʱ򣬵Ҳһܡ
赭дؾٻ֮󣬰ʵ̫󰡡
һ£Լͷ֮䣬һ˿޵ͨţԼȫָŷߡ
ƽ飬Щ˷ָܵŷϷ´ܣŲƣȻЩӲɬ֪ԼϤԵʡ
һ˷ߵı׳ʹ÷ߵı൱㣬͹ƣ˶´ࡣ
ֱһӣϺ𡣡
˦µƤ⣬һ˫ſĳ򣬺ȺȾʮ׸ߡͬʱظоԪһš
ĵĲ٣ΪԼڿƷߵԵʡ


054 ˬ
ɽпٷ˺öȦͲδؿŷ®ǰߵķٶ൱죬ֱͨʿв޶졣
ͷЦԼʵûдﵽ֮ǰһ൱õĴˡֻҲһȱ㣬ǾǷ߷ɲߣϾûĳ򣬲࣬ԼƤڷжѡ
źܶûἰİء
ڵͽ֪ԼƵʱҪԪġ
ӷ߱£͵Ŀͣ˺ϡ˿ڣϴָɽսʱ򣬱ɽҧ˵ġ
ʱͻΪʲôûѪڲе
ֻ˿ѾһˣЩɽ˺ҧµ⣬ҲһЩӣ޸
Ͳ˵Ҫ޲ֻҪǹעӴɣֻҪûܵԵĴһ㶼޸á
ôţʹ߶ԼԪźӵԪͨ˹ȥͬʱؽϡ
ȻԪĹעǵ˿ھȻۿɼٶһӾȫˡ
òпԼõ˼¡ûеؽĶԼҲ׵ʹֻٻܰԼ£˵սˡ
˵ؽ𵤣ԼȫػӻԪõʲô֮ǡ
ٻߣ͵ʶɵؿ̽ĻǣҲֱ۵˽⵽ʲô
򵥵˵߾ͬվǰʲôҲز¡
ֻߣȻľ֣ոսڵ˻֮ܣҲķ
һϴκɽսʱ򣬴³ıǹʶĵطͷųһԵı֡
ܹ֮٣΢ЩϲģȻǹؽԱ⾫ֵ൱
һͷųǹȴû뵽ŬҲûгɹԪȥ٣ߵĿ鶯
ûٵܽᾭ飬ͳź߻ǹͨţ֮һ죬һ׳ǹֶƿնȥת˲˼ףɽȵĽϲŵ
Թԣƣ⹥һΪʿˣûзĻҲñɱ
ƱԼƵȻ˼߿һ³üǹģҲΪǿˣԼƵΪǰء
֮Ŭ˴죬ͲųɹͷųһɫķԵķͷŸҲͷŸͣؼͿߵʶδˡ
ôһֵĿԣʹ˺üǻΣ޷ҰԼԪĹ룬вϵ޸ܡ
Դˣͺ⡣һУԼԺĻᣬǴӡ
ȻڿƵĻԶԶ죬ţƾؽӴ󱸣ԼһޱȵؿƷߡ
ŷת˼ȦͱŰ°ͿĿ˸һ˿档
Ѿڵľ֣ӵ˻֮ܣ֪Ƴɵ󻹻᲻ữΡ
˵ǰ󲿷ҲкܴĿǻġ
಻סģͳ߻
ɺĻǹͨ˺ðҲûгɹͲ˷ͷϾ˵ֻ˾󲿷Ѿữˡ
û뵽ǣһγ֮ߵĻһ˿Ӧ峤׵ķߣȻâһһŮӡ
仯һֲ
˺öΣҲȫû뵽߻֮󣬾ȻǸŮҡǸ·Ů
񣬷·𲻴һ˿ɫ겻ѩɽϴĺ磬߻ûŮֱֱվԭأʱʱգƤվԵ޶á
ĸ޳һͷ˿˳£СߣҪľʵظƽ̹СǸŵǵش
κߣҪ鶯࣬Ǳִ͵ģɫЩ󣬷·˿˲ÿĵطһ㣬ĽëҲڶѡ
ֻõһа𣬻ѪҺڷڣϹޱȡ
ƤǰŮӵҲֻ΢΢һ½ëκηӦ
Уⴥ
Ƶ͵͵˿ңȻ˫ֳǰ̿һץһա
ǡһˬ˵á


055 
͸һģһûκεֻ䣬ͬһҵץԷʱ򣬶ԷȻӿССһѪ
ֻصȻޱȣȻͲЩˡ
Ҳ֪ʵңŮӣҲǸ߱ɵĵ
ɿջԼֻצӣЩ··ŶԷ͹µġ
˰Σ΢΢һ񣬸Ӧһ¡
ȻǾֵĻɲûκҲ޿ɺǣϾֻصܵģûй˵ĸо
˵˲˼֮⣬ʿǵĶǵ˼άʩ֮´ǵģһܡ
ûмǰŮɷߣӣ˼·ϸĵϡ
ԼһɽпޣҲĵģȻܸԼ죬ɳƯҲ۲ǡ
ٻһ˲䣬ҪķѴԪƵҲͬҪԪάֵĴڣҪԪֻʲôԪǼٵġ
Լڸ޷ɵؿƵ׼ԼߣϤ˴˵ĹͨÿһʹöҪٻ
תһȦص˵ͷ·Ȼܺù壬ңԼ·ϣҲһ顣
øְһ˵ŮԼܲǳƺΪߣôģ򵥵ͽбˡ
ʹ˼ѣռ˱ˣһͷ®ȥͬʱʶһǹɵظˣһ㷢
ջĶƬͲ֮⣬Ķûü鿴
Ϻͳ׵ʿöֻصʱòˣԼû㹻ʵ֮ǰٻǳҿԡ
öֻصһߣɽ̵ڵ
뵰С֮ɫͲʶ鿴֪ڵ֮Уɽ̵Ƕ棬ԼڵΪȥ鿴϶ҪԿ
ԼмҵбȽзһطŵһߣֿһЩƿӡ
мأ黨ƳҺ֮ʹ˿ƿʢװرҺҩЧ
ЩƿӾν˿ƿˣеƿЩɫҺ壬϶ҲҺ
˿ƿжʮ󲿷ֶҺֻǿյģһһʰãڷ롣
ʱӦðЩⶼùԼҲûãȫ˲
иȽϴƿУװһЩ鵤ϸᣬеļػһҲûŪ鵤ɶ
Ժеǻᡣ
һЩʯ׵飬׵飬Ľ׵飬׵Ҳֻ顣
Ů˼ҲǷ񰡣׵Ĵ٣ۡ͵ѾĻŪʯƷҲ׶ѡ
ΪԼǸɢޣҲһħսȥɾˣԼҵױȥûʲô˼ȴû뵽٣ͷ³
һͲȻ֣öֻصǵ֮ԼϵõڵԼ˵Ȼȫ֮
ȻһЩЩȻһȹΪԪĶû
ʯ˵˵ؽ𵤣ԼҪκʯ
ʣһ㶦ֻ˶ԼֻӤȭͷС˵С磬ֲܽϡⶫǴ˵㣬治ô
¯һ֣;ܸоһɲ˹¯ǷܹҲܸɾСС¯ɢȲϡ
ôСĵ¯ʲô
һСǣҿȴû뵽˿ϸϸ鿴֮ŷ֣ϾȻ
ڸԱһԶ𣬿շŵһߣǷ㣬һ£ֻԶϣܲ͸硣
Ƶĺܾɰ鱦ǰʿġ
͸ڿȥͶʱգ۾ȻһƬޣʲôҲ
Ͳ֮£ûԥؾ̽ʶ
ʶպ͵¯Ӵ;͵شһϵһͷ亹ܶ¡
ޱȣԼʶ̽¯һ˲䣬ֻоһԷ˻ǵȶȴ˳Լһʱջʶ˿Ҫˡ
ңһ˲ĽӴУҲһЩ¯Ĳ֮
¯Ȼ㡣УȵĻ棬ɻңǱԪӤʿͷų𶼲Ѷá


056 
ڲпյһƬڲ㣬ӵеĿռ䣬ԶԼۿô
¯Ȼʹýֵַƶɣ
֣һʧͨǧ֮ǰ˵ڹϵɽ磬Ʒ汦һΪֽ䣬ΪǬ
СװĶȴɽԽַƶɵġ
ȻɽܻһЩıԵüֻĶ
˵ֻͨʵﵽڣʹáɽУԪӤΪʿ޼Ҫ˵ˡͨʧˡ
ǰССĳ㶦ȻҲһֵַʵͳԾѡ
ⶫԲ鱦ǰʿܹƳģʮа˾Ǵӹı
ǰ¯Ŀռ䣬Ȼܸ汦ᲢۣҲۿĴˡ
˵ôСĵ¯ô鵤أԭ
͵Ĺƣ¯ǲ㣬ӦþҩĿռ䣬ǲ㣬Ļ棬ҲʲôǻĴȺȶȣֱԪӤʿҪ
һææҳƬӽͲ
ϸز鿴һ¡Цеط
Լûпûǡⵤ¯оȻĻ棬ֱµġЩȫʿͷųй֮
Щɬķһָһâڵ¯֮ϡ
һһССĻ磬ӵ¯ڴ˳®ԼԪٵ룬¯ĻҲ߽¶ȡ
ϲԽⵤ¯Ȼ˱ʵڳ͵ϡ¯ͶԼԿʼˡ
ֻͻѣûȥ
˵ؼǰջʱ΢һһ¯ҩľͻˡ
ԼҩģҩԶϤҲ޷׼ؿƻ
ӣͱøæµ
һҪһҪϰƣϤԽԽصĴҪݱʶ黨ݣоҪͨ
΢ееʱ䣬ͻҪԪȥƵ¯еĻ棬ȥϤ
Ҳҿбڴ飬Ȼ˵еж´ָԼʱҲԸ˵˵Ҳ֪ܲö
һξʱ⣬Ͳ֪ǣ¿޵ӣɺϵرܿһ鷳顣
뿪ɽȺûԶϾԼʧĶ̫Ҫˡɽ˸طͣһˣһڴгһգܼɽȵˣ̸̸
һȣһʱ䣬һڣɽв˽
ѵԼ²ˣɽȵ˻Ĳڴ˼䣿ֻ߾Լ˲ɽȵˣɽȸûʲôʿˡ
ɽӵеԪӤʿҲôˣҲǴ˵ʲôʿ˲ǲܣʵ̫Ʈ졣
ϾܹԪӤڵʿӵϹ⴦ɽˣҲӦǸɢޣɢôӵԪӤΪأ
ϸɽеĽͽƣҲеϵַۼĽǺǰģ
һ²ţһĵصȴ漣ķ
ºƲòеĴ㡣֪ɽ磬ɱ˶ᱦʱзʱλûɱԼֻԼĶԼһѾ御ˡңԼҵˣǲϵĻԼҲް취
̾˿Բؼ뿪Ͻ
ȫ֪ʱ߳ɽȵĻԻᱻƶš
µĿޣѾȵվϴ߲ΪϡΪ̫첻Ǻ£һֱѹԼΪĽȣһֱԪֱһʵѹƲסˣʵֱˮɡ
һ㣬ٻҲࡣ
ͻǵõһٻʱڵԪһգʡڣȻԪǱĸɸɾûôԵĺ֢ˡ
µϤͶͲ˵ؿƱԼͷһͻʵִԼ
ǹָĴģǰгɫķ֣Ҳһ˲ʩӵͷŵĵط
µϤҲֵһԣ˵ͷųһ֧ǹԼҲøһԪС


057 ߲
ͷųķ̶ܴȡ˵ΪҲΪʲôƿƱʱͷųǹʹԵʡ
ͲἰҲǿġֻΪشһλҪƽʱ޷ĿŵͷųҲûȥ²⡣
;Ͳͬˣһֱѱߣеؽ𵤲ԪݵԪĵ⡣
ĳһڴʱͻ룬һƷʯڱϣڳ˴ƣһеļء
ӦҪܳһʱܿЧʱڱԵı仯
µʱ䣬Ҳ㹻ݱɽ黨ʶ߰˰ˡ֪˵ûڻֻͨҪͲ֣΢һ£Ϳжĳһ黨ݵƣҩ䣬ҩˡ
볢
ֳ㶦֮ͷѾˡ
ҪԼһЩȹΪ鵤ЩΪ鵤ȻڼֵҪȹΪ鵤࣬ǲҪġ
еؽ𵤰͵ٶѾһָȱٵΨȹΪķѣϾǿԼѹƣҲǸ취
µͲڣûмйⷽĵ;ԼбҪ֣ԺɽѰҵȹΪĵʱҲһЩ
ע⣬ȽöŵͲһ飬Ѱҵһ򵥵ĵ
ݵҪȭһ꣬ɫãʯ֥һѪһݡϽһݼɣһݲƳɹɳɵһö
ҪĲ٣ҪͣԼĻУӵȭʯֲ֥ҩ֡
ȻеĲҩҲмˣͷҲǣϾֻݵ̫
ڱɫݺѪҺֲϻóѰҡ
бԸ棬ȻᵣԼİȫ⣬ʱڹдҲˣý˻ȥɢɢģһ顣
΢ʰһ¶Ǽŵ˿ƿϣҪĴϣؽװڴУȻ¯Ҳ¡߳®һ⣬߶ʱ˱塣
ϣʶһ׳ķȵʮףȥ

һǰͲڷߵıС̽壬óؽһ˳
ӻǴѹιĶ޴ãֻɼ黨ݵġ
ǰźͮͮĲҩĴϸضţȻһһӡ֤еļء
߲ݣ״֮ߣͨ죬ҩԳң΢
Ƭ֮ͱóĽۡ
Ȼһųڵĺ߲ݡ
Ҳǳջ񲻴һˡ
ճɽȣͱΪϽ֮أӦݣŶԡһʧ
ڵ黨ݾȻϡٵ˷ָĵزһҵöãû̬
Щ磬ȻûִݲС
ɽиĵĹأŲɼ黨ݵʿû֡ɻаħˡĳãһ޶ҩЧĻԼгһҲ˴
һ棬ȫˣԺʲôݿԣ
ϼ㣬󲿷ʿ綼᲻ܲʣֻ¼ص㣬ԺȡáȻ޾ԣ˷ҪˣҲû˻׷ʲô
ͳźüˣҩĻᣬȥֻܹΪʿ߾֣ѳĲҩժˡ
ϾϽ֮أȻ챦֮
ջȻٵĿȴ˼ʶÿһ黨ݣͶмصһһӡ֤Ϥʶҩ֪ʶ
һ֪ʶԨࡣ
ժǿź߲ݣıľִͣ˾֮ϡ
´һָϥ˾ϣó¯ŵ˵ϡ
οǧʧˡЩ㷲
һ·Ȼûֶ滨ݣҲռ˼ꡣǺҲǺܸߵĲҩͱ֡
ÿƶʧܣ͵ܵش
¯ǣһź߲һݶ˵¯֮УͬʱϿٵؽӡһâ
һ¯ڷ·𷢳˻Ŀתضź߲ݣʱЩϲط֣߲ξȻûбý


058 ռ
ͷһϲϽԪŻ¶ȡ
ϼݵʱÿԼһ¯еĻ棬Щݶֱӱһŷɻҡ
֪ԼԵ¯ڻĿƲԵʣ¶̫ߡ
ǽ죬߲ݾȻûصޣͲϲ
Ԫ¯άһƽȵ¶С߲ݽֽ֧⿪еʣ¯еĻֱһ΢壬¯Ʈ
أµĺ߲Ѿû֮ǰģ·ճҺ״̬չơ
ٽϸĵؿŻ¶ˡ
Сʱ֮Ԫһգٵһ˿ƿͬʱһڵ¯֮ϣһɳҺ壬ʱӵ¯з˳ȵ˿ƿУûɢΡ
ͽ˿ƿǺã΢ЦؿѵɫҺ塣߲ʣµҺ࣬Ͼֻһ߲ݶѡ
ȴ͵һγɹáƳҺܲˣҺð죬ֺǺǵؽ
ԭشϢƬ̣ٴ̤ϱıɿնȥ
ºϽһɽУһɫӰڼӴϣͷ֮ϣһɫĳ״ߵľظ
ӰͻȴʼӴţ֮£һŲȿգڵϴ˺üܡ
ڴʱ߿ϴһŭܣҿܣ
ͷϾͷֻˣ׼һٽܻȴû뵽һԽƻԣȻǰˡ
ƾԼٶȣ͸׷ֻñԼ׷ϡԴһֻûжʵѹ֣һаѶԷɱˡյıǹǲͷţһǾһǹˡ
ֻһ׷һ취ء
ǱٶȱҪϲ٣ܲϽ֮УҲ׷ˡ
ڣѾ׷һҹˣͺеջɱֻҪȡһѪҺˣԲûɱ֣粻֪ٻˡ
һһɫıֳϣǱͷŵġ
ͺߺЦһϣǱϷܵһɴƳڿд˼תŵϣܡ
ɫòƷ񲣬һδεǻγǻεƿǿı֣ÿʱ򣬶Сһľսѡ
ظ˺ü֮󣬱Ӧ飬Ǳ¶͵Ĺ֮¡
ۼѾȴû뵽һɫı֣ϡ
һñһʹ˳˰գֲ֪˶ٴ֮ͻȻֹͣӴܣɪɪڵϣһ˫۾Ǿǰؿվڱϵ͡
ôˡͺٺټЦŴӰôš
зڵϲҶ
ҾŪѪֲɱ㣬ôʲôͶһסĲӡ
ԼظܵھƵزš
ִӻó˿ƿ˳㻹һȻһֻצӣôצǰһӡ
ֻˣҰ޵ıܣ֮ǰ¡
ƿѪҺɿ
ݵֻҪѪҺͳɣ͵ĹƣƿѪҺÿһƿʮҡ
߰ɡԪס˿ڣԴ˵
һҲҶڵϣֱ㶵ؿֱͣ΢΢ЦЦ̤ϱıȥ֮ҡҡλεվ
ѪˣͷǷֺôһʯ֥ҳɹƳҺֻҪѰҵɫݾͳɡȻȭҵãͲ붯ԼеЩݡ
˵ɫݣ治ңмأⲻԱɫԴﵽΧͬЧܱΡ˵㿴һ֦ģĶǱɫݡ
ҲãһϢʱ򣬾Ȼܵӿϸϸ鿴֮£ǴһݴɢġͲݴԣֻһصĢ
ֻЩĢʵ̫죬ͺزһ֮ϵĢʱɫ̬ͷһе֮϶Ǳɫˡ
ȻЩĢܴ󲿷ĢҲвٱɫ̬ģռһ֮󣬾Ȼҵ˶ʮꡣľϲͲ̾Լá


059 ݵ
ͨЩĶϤҺĳɹֱ
ʵҺܼ򵥣ֻҪסУ̫ͣҲ̫ߣÿݶԼٽ㣬̫˲Һ̫˾ͻֱӱɷɻҡ
ݲͬ¶ҪҲͬ
һ㶼һݣ¶ȣٽ㣬ʧˣҲ¾飬Ȼһξɼࡣ
ͽɫȫƳҺȻʧǲɱģֻʧѣͲ֪Լ츳أǵ¯лĹ͡
ֻʣһζҩȭˡ
ⶫǳϣһŲݵĶϣһԲ򣬾ͺ˵ֽճȭһ㡣ͨݵȭʲô̫ĲҩϽҲձڡ
ֻʱ䣬ռȭ
Դӳ֮ͲֻռҪݵĲҩӰ˵Ҳռ࣬ɸϣȴԺá
һСɽϵĿտشǰŸҺǳ㶦ҲԱߡ
ѻͣһţôɽһɫ
ϥڵϣƽ˺ðȷĶѾﵽ״̬۾
ҪԵһ
ݵ˵ἰ򵥵ģҪҩٵ鵤ҲǸȡ
ͲָԼһƳɹҪǸҪǾʱۡ
ϸػݵעͲ裬һֵ˵¯Ķǡ
ȽѪŽ˵¯УԻеʣμȭɫݺʯ֥Һ
ЩҺȻҺ壬ѾܳˣֻһͿᡣ
ϸĸŵ¯ֲϵı仯СıؿŻ¶ȣֲڵ¯ڷϣཻţеҩЧҲڻ෢кͻ߱졣
ͽѾʱ򣬵¯ȴͻȻһ졣
΢΢㶣漴ҡҡͷ
Ȼô׵ģղԼֻڵ¶ϻһʶӦ֮£ֲϾѾˡ
һâڵ¯ϣʱһ̲Ķз˳˦һߡ
ûбʧӰ飬ظһεĶֻڵ¶ȵϸϸӵСˡ
һ¶ȿƵĺܳɫҺҲһû決ҺаʱЩҺѾֱ˴ˣҺϺȴûгɵĲϣƳΪ鵤ֻһ֮ңأһɵζӵ¯Ư˳
ˣҲû뵽ԼǵڶƣѾһʵǳϣӣǰʱɽжԻƵĶҲǰ׷ѹ򰡡
¯ڵĻ¶ȣԪĴ߷£ȻߣѸٵطѿֳһööԲ״ɫ㡣
ȻɹˣϲԽϽջԪ򿪵¯еݵŪ˳
ǵԲλӿݵĶϵʱȻˡ
ЩģȻɢζȴݵ
Ȼûɹղ¶ȿƵ̫ͣʧܡ
ܽ˽ѵٴظض
æһͲŷ֣ԼСʱԻ¶ȵҪ󣬾˵һ̣¶ŷǳ̵Ҫ͵ʱȴû⣬Ϊһһ㲢ûʲôǸһŬ֮Ͳ֪ǶԵġ
¶Ȳֺ֮ܲʧܡ
һʱڳɹˡɵö
öɫĵҩһĳɹݵ
ѾˣѪͱɫݵҺУֻʯ֥ȭҺѾһա
ҪƵĻͱѰҲϡ
ݵ£ҩ֮󣬾ͿԱʶò൱ɷ㣬һ£Ժܹòֻзӯš
оվԼǰһҹûжıˡ
Ů˵Ȼܣֻ㬵ؽݵսƿУȴԺл顣
վ˸΢ЩƣƵҩȻķʶԪǶȹԼΪȴа
ű紵ҵ㷢ǰۣ뿪ڿһ£ȴû뵽̧ͷĮע͵
ŤͷȥȴʲôҲû֪ģ϶ʲô˳߹
ԼʵܸܵԼܲ֡
˼ؽֻصУ͸Ͻȥڴҵεĵط
˵бػͲ鷳Ҳʲô鷳Ȼܱܡ


060 ٿ
ûҵʲôεĵطʶ͸Ӧһɲ߼
һ˵ֶֻеʿʩʱŻΪʱʿҪؼҲҪڵԪ
ӦⲨƶٶȣͼԿ϶Է
ΪԼѡһߵɽͷȴû뵽ڳ˳⡣
ֻҪԷӴɽͷ·һۣܿԼĴڡ
ҿ˰죬ٵһʯͷҲ˲ôֱ࣬Ӵܵʯͷ£ϢתϢ
ʯͷڱԼȫԼһС¶档
Ƚͷһ¶ԣԼϢѾгˣͿȷֻҪԷɨӵĻʶǾԷֲԼĴڡ
ңԷ˵Ҳֻ·ѡ
Ҳ֪ԼǲùˣƬ֮ǹɲȻֱֱɽͷǱ߻һ
⣡ԼոϣﻹһЩ㣬Ȼ΢гɵʿĸӲȹ鰡
Ӧþⵤ㣬ŽԷ
Ǳ˺ǺЦһתͲ֮ȭ·˵أŵõ㣬һۣǾŵѣ¡
ȻˣԼصĵط¶ˡҲû취ϢȻȱɱۿĻܿԼġ
üͷﵹǸǷǷ֮ˣҲȥԼûֻ뿪
û뵽ʱּ˵֣ϽΪѰˡϽããʵǲҡǷĻܷһ˵Ҳˡ
˵ϣٲȥԵòˡҶԷҲѾԼֻˣҲνɱ˶ᱦʲôģǾͶԲˡ
һԼһֻ߽صĴһشӲ˳
ʯͷ߳ͣЦеͻȻֳһĨ㵺Ϳϲܿ㱻Цڸˣֵٿ󣬲֪մ
ʮ򣡡ںһ֡
һĨɫٿ漴ǺһЦ֪ɵӣ
üͷԶ鲻̫ðڵֻɽҰɢޣ˵ĻҪʧˡϽвûмˡ
˵ţȴǰԾʱģֻˣѵٿǻشȵĵӣ
ǿֲ̫󣬻شȵһؿ϶ƬҶǰˣһװ磬ֻһ֧״
״ͻȻһԺлһ˵ʲôμȥ˺֮ľ롣
ͬʱͺȻؿԭվĵطȻһ̲ɳ
ʲôʱֵģǿķĻԼڿ϶Ҫˡ
ףٿһĨɫܵĵͦ졣
һЦѴǰһᣬֻصȴûͷųȥкܶ಻׵ĵطѯٿ
֣ˡٿһЦݣ˵ţû˵ڼ֮ǰӦüһ˰ɣһ˴ˡ
ɵģͷʵ
ٿԼıϷŻϾؿͣͷ˵ֻϴΪʹһĽڿӣʱʵ˰
ԼʱʱֻϴĲΪѣԼʵΪ
شò״ѣȴû뵽ͷޣҧһֻ첲ɱǼͷ֮ٲϽֻͣӻɡ״Ȼڳע⵽ˣ෬ѯ֮£ֻҽһйƵͷϣһеԴȻǰҹʯͷ
Ҳû⣬ϾֻǸͼĵӡ²֪ؾʹٿʦĶУҹ⣬ûһ˿ɽͷЩϢʱٿʦסˡ뵽һ෬ѯ֮ȷǸ˵ʯͷĶȻǴ˵еĵؽ𵤡
챦˭ᶯġ
Ϊ˲ʦֵֶܷߣٿʦµϽѰңŵͳʲôӣǸðˡֻһƬհ׵Уʶ¼ͳɡ
˻龯裬ϵҲԩٿЦ
ôΪģ͹װһŵģŶԷĻ
ûģԼֻѣɾȻڵʿ˳ʵǺܷҪ֪Ͻ֮ҸˣǺѵģ¸ôáͲ²⣬ӦøԼõĵؽйϵ
ӣҲʶѹûбҪô


061 ʮ
ҵû˼ײĵӣǻɸûϵٿ󻺻˵ֻҪʦ˵ˣֻҪõͻƷʯʮ飡
ʶĶؽǶʮƷʯԱġ
ףϵķɽٿؽĿͶ򴿾̰֮𣬡ȻƷɽɽҪˣ
Ҫ֪ԼһʿӵеķƷƷѣϽ֮УȻһϴڵʿϷƷٿ⣬ϲ
ԸϴڵʿԼֻ΢ʩչһͨܳƷԷʱǸʦ𽻴ʯͷϵķɽ񲻶Լˣ
ŷ·ʤȯյٿЦš
Ͻʵ̫Ѱһ˵ĻƾһڵʿǲܵģƲ⣬ɿ϶ϽС
жˣΪжߣͲ֪ˡҲûñ˵ԭ
ž̬Ͷ߶µһ߾ؿٿһȥϵ֪Ƕʲôô
ǾԼֻҪһ־Էٿû̳֣һèϷı飬Цؿ͵ʦ˵һʯĳ²⣬²һͨʯҲ߰Ʒʯ
ûƷףʦûʦڵġ
ҿԸ㣬ǿʯǾƷʯɽ겻䱦ɫ΢΢԰׵˵ٵѣҰʯ㣬ȥΣ
˵ǺޱȵľƷʯٿɫҲΪ𾪣һʱȻû£͡
ʯ־Ʒվڽ˵ľƷʯɽÿ˵һ顣ٿû뵽ǣԼǰϴڵʿϾȻС
һ˿̰ٿ촽дСžš
ԹۣȻܿٿǾ岻ɫ岻²ΪҪҪԼ뿪ΪǾƷʯռΪУ
Ͳ²ĲƷʯٿðһΥʦķˡ
²а̰ɫٿЦе˵ϽɲֻһˣǷȥһС©ʲôĳɵ𡣡
Ȼڴˡ
ҿ԰еĶǣϵķɽҲ㡣ҲвٸߵʯӦùǷˡͽŵ˵
ˡٿ󵭵Цˣһϵı״ĳޱĸ˷Щģԣ㻹ĺá
ĸôŵôԣԭʧͻȻЦˣҲ˵ĻϽҵɵӣܹ˿
ƽɫŪһ㣬ٿ漴ЦΣ
һ˵꣬ٿһϱ״һдʣǷڿ㣬漴ʮ߳ıڿг֮ͣת˲ǰ
һУٿͣ˫֣ؿ͡һϴڵɢޣӵĽУҲԼһ֮±ȫϴΪ࣬ǲɿԽĺ蹵
ǰ׳հˣֻҪͶԷ룬ƾɵôܣ
·ѾֵľƷʯַ·ѾƷɽԼУٿϲһĨ΢Ц
Ĩ΢ЦոţٿͻȻǰһƬ⻪šͬʱһ˸еսľƣǰ
ٿɫ䣬Ȼû嵽׷ʲô£սΣȴһǵѡ
˫ּٻӶһӡεسǰͬʱٿִӻóһ䣬ڹԪһɫĹâʱϡ
ٿĶν죬գۼһУͬʱӼȥ
ۡһƿǰӦ֮£ٿɫò԰ޱȣԼõİӡȻ˲ˡ
ڻָһ㣬ٿֻһɫĶֱԼٶȿ쵽Լѹһ㷴ӦûС
ɫĶײԼķ֣ٿķ֣һֻ֧Ƭʱ䣬ͺͰӡͬ³
ԵķְƽʿȫһҲ޷ƿġ
һǰɫҲͬʱ鿪ˣٿֱڲſȻһöԼһ׵ıǹ
̧ͷȥʱӡĳٿ׹ѡ
Ǹʮϴʿǰ֪ؾͶһֻ峤׵ľ޴󾫹֣Өֻɱ¾Ϣ۾ֱֱضԼ
ٿ𾪣ͬޱȡ
һöǹȻûܴٿʵڳϣӣԼǰѱǹ̫ˣԷֻвһԷͿԵֵס
ȻҲԼΪ̫Եʡ


062 ϱ
ֻһ˲䣬ٿҲĺܣǰľָһǿҵѹȺΣյĸоȻ֪ԼǾֵĶ֣һԼķ׼ܡ
һһ֧ǹ׼ȷشٿĴϣֱӽڵ档
ٿҽһڵأǱ״Ϊû˵ʶƣҲת
ͷһۣٿֻʮһɫķ֣ԼķɽسǱ߹һ˿Ϸʵ΢Ц
Ȼ֪ԼǾֵĶ֣ٿȴѸ侲
㾫ʮҲֻϴڵΪˡֻҪԼһαضա
ǿϵʹٿִӻһŷ䡣ѸٵؽŷӡڹԪͬʱһҧ⣬һھѪ֮ϡ
һɲϴ˳ٿһףɳת˲ȻһֻȫɵӴϱ
ϱٿָ£էһ㳯˹ͬʱٿٿһָԼı״Ǳ״ɷ˵âͶ׼Ϯ˹
ĻҲв죬ٿķӦʵǺܿ졣
һûñɱ֣ʵǽԼעŷı״ݺǰһ˳ȥ
ٿһֻˣֻܵڵϣһ߿ŷ仯ɵĽһԼıϮ͡
ʶǸ޴Ŀ飬һĶ֮£ȻЩо˲
ۼŽȻסǾ֣ٿ󾪻ŵһĨ˷ܵɫסͺãƲ̸ֲԼˣҲһϴڵʿˣٿٲ飬ȫ߶Ԫ״ͷ𹥻
ͬûȫ֣ϴ߲ΪȻȲ϶Էбͷŵķֻ壬ѹõ˵⡣
ֻչƣ򿪶Էķѡ
һ˲佩ֲ£һͥŲغͶԷţһװþȫģʱʱٿͱԼֻҪԼһܳ׻Էķһ㣬ٿƴ
ǹ˺ôһᣬ滹û˿ı䣬ٿ󲻽е㽹ˡԼɵĽȷʵޱȣҲҪԼĿƲСҰ˿ѪҺʧٿҲоеˣһһ죬öԷԼĽ񣬵ȵǾѳ֮Լ֮أ
̱ȻҲܲС
˼Ƭ̣ٿһҧһ̽뻳Уȡһ΢΢һͻȻһ׹⣬ӿնȥ
һĻͲ΢΢Цһ
Ϸճˡ
оһǰ֧ŵģڣȻɱڣһǻʹкԼѵı״
ǷϵĹâһԶ䵽˵ϣͬʱٿԭЩ˷ܵɫȻ԰ޱȣһУԼı˻
ôٿɲɻز鿴͵ɫ
ƴôʱ䣬ԼΪڵʿԪҲģǰϴڵĵˣȴһ۵ĸоûС
ղǴɣͳŴǵ׹ʧķʵ
ߣ֪ʣҼλͬŹִֻ֮еķݡٿһȫȫؿŽһű״Լǰֽһӡ
ǾͺáЦŵ˵ͷ
ٿɫ䣬ʵģ
ҲʡȥһһѰˡһнƴٿõİϣһۿڰţ漴ƽԡ
ٿȻûϵǰֵĽƾȻϬȴӲؽеƾʲôһϴڵʿֻҪҵϱܹסͷ֣㡭
ٿ󻰻û˵꣬ͻȻɴӣŵسԱ߿ȥ
ԭֶòµĽͻȻһöǹâһٱģȼ
ٿ۲ѣԼ͸Լ䱦ͷųĽʵһʿ޼ȴû뵽Ǿһоɱˡ
ѵǾֵʵԶԶ֮ϣ
۹ۣٿͨ㣬ĻͣûԼƣ˫״һȣҪնȥ
Ȼˣ°ɣͽȫԪĴУŽݺǰһס


063 
һҽдո̤ԼٿһɴţǰʮףŷŹڵϣһʱûŵصͷԼؿڴȥֻһ˶Ŀ漴ԴһᣬûϢ
ûзֻǷʿرĹһ㶼ǱȽϴġȻʵǿʿҲΣٵһ˲䣬ԪʹţҲԴﵽĿġ
ٿߣעʬ壬֮󣬷ֺ޶һ
ٿȷʵûԪʵҲ˵Ϊûдﵽ㡣
ֻʵﵽ֮ʶܹǿ뿪ʿǿԪӶݡ
ҲΪʲôΪµʿһ㶼ֻڵ򶷵ԭǵʶ̫޷һĶáգҪ򶷵Ļһǹ˲ġ
ֻЩΪʿŻһУһʹԼķʱǵԪѾǿˡ
Сĵؿ˰ΣٿԪӶݡ
˴øɾѪҺٿϷ
һᣬʹҵʯЩ͵߲Ʒ⵱Ȼ벻͵ķۡ⻹һЩ䣬Щͺϲ
ԼȻ޷ŪǿĵɱϾҲҪƾľǷ䣬иָķϧȥʱЩҲûˡֻ±޵Ĵ
΢鿴һЩһЩ൱ĶԵȻٺòͲս˻С
ϧֿԻɽȴûзˡҲǣܴӦһָߵٿΪŪһžͺܲˡ
֮⣬ٿϾȻ
ͷһǱ״΢΢ӦһЩʧ״ƷұԼһش涼Щ޹ˣҪٴãȫָ
Ȼɵȥɱöˡ
ͷ˼һȽٿϵ·ԼϣȻϸع۲һٿò
ϥ£ʹӻóݵ
û뵽ˣŸոɣĻˡ
һöУʶٿòƬֻ֮о沿һŤֱʲôסӡ
ŤĶ˺ôһֹͣԼȻûκ쳣ĵطɻǸоֵֹġ
ñͷһöǹڵϣͶŷϸؿ˿ӡòѾٿ޶ˡⲻ͸̾ѣݵȻ
ԼٿͲ࣬ȴ΢Щ죬ûϵֻҪصõرҲ̫һࡣ
óһö䣬Ȼٿʬͷ˳ȥո⣬Ǳ״ϥڵϣʱðٿ󣬸õĹ
ղͱñһɱģתһ룬ԼٿֻһԱˡ
ɱٿȻɣĸ˿϶Ҳưոݡ
Ͳ£ҲƵԼǰˣҲ¡
ӻԼɸǿ϶ǰȫģѵԺһֱҪɸдôԼгȥʱͿɲ뱻ڰжš
ԣñǽƽ֣ԼٿΪľôٻͬš
ƲߺܳɹٿҲû뵽ϴ߲ɢޣӾȻ֮Ӳһǹʹ
ҲðһգϾԷʣˣһȫˣȻη壬ͱͲðˡ
ԼûʲôϢǱԼͷŵַ֡ǿҲסĸʿĺ
Ͳ²⣬ˣ϶һġ
Ͻʵ̫뾡ҵĿ꣬϶ҪͷжٿһӣϾԼֻϴڵʿѡʱһһĻȻη塣
ϸһ£ǱȽֻصԼܵɽ£һεĵطϢȥԼϢ
ǶԷֻһˣ;Ͱɵĸ;ðͷ
һ죬ͲŲϢڳ߽ӽţ˿Ρ
ԤеҪõĶֻ࣬
ϢֱֱԼٿսĵطûжڲ̽
ɽͷ֮ϣüͷսĳһ˳ٷ磬ţüо֮⡣һȴͿ׶񣬳ªޱȣ֮һ̾ʦ׶༪ˡ
ʦ֣ԼãǸȽϳӴʵ
ʦŵĸ䣬ֻΣʱŻᴫʦܼȻѾ˸䣬صʱ϶ֹ̫ۡһ˵ţʦһ߶ӣϸع۲սĳأüͷԽԽ
ĺۼѾȥˣлպĺۼ
ѵʦӾ
ʦܣĸǼƢʦֲõصһۣȻֻĴ㣬ʦܺôҲΪʿϽ֮еľֹȻֻͣҪߵĻӦò¡


064 նݳ
ʦǷľأʦ׷ʵ
ܵġʦҡҡͷȻսĺۼ˻ȥɻһʦӦһֱڵϺ˵֮ʦɫһ䣬ѵϽ֮лʲôаħ
ڴʱʦüͷһ壬̤Լķֱӷɵ˿УĿעɽ£غȵ˭
ɽ··һĺɵĵӶһۣʦܣ
ȻαװģȻʵ࣬Ԫһ»ϸֱǷֱ治ģοͺĻܵ
ղŸӦ˴ɽͷ첻ͲͷųһԷע
Ƭֻ֮оǰһһԲ״ķԼǰ
Բϣվ΢ٿһˣһȻǵԼüȴһϰԵľ衣
ͼһ۾ͿԶ϶ˣǳǸļ֮
ӣһͻɵٿ󣬲ŭʦܣ㱻˭˵ģһ˵ţһ߾ҪԲ̡
ȴû뵽ǿһס
ʦ֣ʦ˴ˡһķŭȭͷգ·𱻴˵Լһ㡣
šɻضͰΣſʵʦܣΪʧôࣿ
ʦ֡Ͳ԰ɫ˵ʱؿ˼ڳһнľı顣
ʦ֣ӻͷʦһۣ˵Լˣѵôһϵʦô
СΪϡʦȻ˵ţȴǷſ˶Էô˻ᣬӴԲ̷Ҵߣ˵˭Ϊȥ𣡡
ʦܣɽŪģվԲϵĿ۾Ĵо֮ˡ˵ʱѹûԼķз
˵Լʦܱ˴ˣû˵ķɽҲµġʦ˶ԷķɽǵҲˡɽͷ֮ϣԼûзʬ塣Ȼųʦܻʬ𼣵ĿܣƬսǱ˹ƻ˹ƻʲôңԼҲоʦ˵̬ЩԣԼϤ֡
ˣöԸͼСҲЩ
ʦܣΪֿơһ˵ţһ߾ʹ͵
òˣֻҪԷԪԼ΢תôһȦͿԷԼΪǻʵϴ߲㣬ңϰĸɵĹ
ѷɽǡһɶԷԼһ߲ΡΡ𴿾ȻȻսһʦֱָܵӲ˶Է֮
ûκͣЪأ̽뻳Уһ׳ֻصϴȣҪģ
塭ʦܡֱеؿڴһۣͷȥһڵĴ󽣣ԼദЩŵ̧ͷʦ簮ʦܣ૵
һѽӶԷڳȻԪݺݳվԲϵĿȥ
ƿǰĲҾ磬ֻһ˲䡣
漴վԲϵӾˣΪֻϴڵˣԲԼʦܣ
붼û룬һ̤Բ̷ͷܡ
ȻԷֻϴڵΪʦܿ϶ϡһޱȵĿӲ֪ʲôɱУ֪ԼԲӲ
һ˿Ҫ뷨ûУת˲ܳԶ
ûüһһ˸еֲϢϮˡӻ֮£ֻóóһһףһŻէ֣ý׷Ĵ
һ̣ӱ׹ѣ
ڴһ׳ıǹдƿֱֱ֮ش壬ϴ
ͲһȻЩ⣬ɵ׻һ˲ˡ
ͷһӣ۾ûϣһĿı顣ĲףΪʲôʦͻȻԼɱ֡
ܵ˿ӵߣ𴿾ýŽ˸ת
һֻͬǱشʱ仹ˡ
ԼϾ޴˿ڣӲŵؿͣʵ㵽˭㲻ʦܣ
ˣͲϻһӣֱӿ˶ԷԴ
Ⱥȵߣһɺ
Ҳûޣ֪ԼɱǣǾͻɱԼܿܶѡ
վԭΣʱ׼ǹȻƬ֮һŰ׹ӿӵϷɳͷҲصӴܳȥ


065 ٸ
ӶݵԪЦһỽ
ڲ˵Ԫ֮֮ǰСͺ˧ʱԼǼھΪѡڣɸ͵ؽ𵤵ͣѹԼΪľˣһֻȹֽ׶εΪĻὫԷԪ֮С
ͷֻģظ´һԷԪȴû뵽û³ǹһӶݵԪ棬һ죬Ű׹ȥ
һĻͺеĿɿڴæٻϸز鿴һûʲô仯һ
ɱ˵Ԫô˵֮ǰķߣ⵹ûʲôСֵģϾǾֵıܡڣʶûˣѵǱʶΪ
˰죬Ͳἰĵ˵ڴ
ոȥɵӣֻпӿԪӶݣǸӿҲΪ㣬޷ʱԪϡ
ϸһѳʯ
ǿӵԲ̷֮⣬ȴûзֱķۼضԷڵ֮Уûüȡʹá
ÿһʿԽԼķڵ߱˴˵϶Ⱥͷܡǣһʿֻѡһַޣһ˵ֱѡеķ߷ʿһ֣ƵġϾʿľҲģ޵ķ߷ܻȱķҪܶࡣѡеķʿǵı
Ƿıһ
Բ̷Ҳϸһ£ͬƷӣֻӦշãûʲô͹
˵ܹ͵ϮɹҲǸûԼʲô֮ģȻһʩûоͽԼķһֽš
ͷ˻䣬˵ʬո⣬ӵת˼£ܵ˵شԼ·ĵطٴ
ȻԷѾ˵ʣµҲÿ˲ŶԣͿɲ뱻ǿʲôߣԴһǹͻ˸ط
Һõطزһʱһȸղ˻ҪǿϼֵɽͷϴˣͻһŮӱݵĺʦܣģʦܣʦˣ
͸ޱȵĵǺͽ·Ȱĸ׶ʧԼĺһ㡣
üͷһ壬ȫû뵽˾ȻǸŮӡ
΢΢һ£;ͷͷЩϧڲɣȺ˶ϵĵؽ𵤡ԣһٲҲҪִ߻ˡ
վŪ˳ȥȻɽͷͷӬһתŮӡ
Ṳ̊һ߲ʰ쵵磬һ״ķشӿն
ڵϵ֮ʱŮӾһʦܣ
оЩ֮⡣
΢΢̧ƤֻŮҲˣ̬г֮ɫһһ˫ĹǣʹԼʮңȻǸֵٸ
ۿٸѸٵؽӽԼû˿˼Ͳ۽ϵֻص
ɢŮΪҪ֮ǰ˸ϲ٣Գʦ㣬ʱҲȽϳ
һɱ̣ȴû뵽ٸԼʮײľʱͻȻһ˿֮ɫסһ漴һ˫ðŭ֮ɫһ֣ͽϵ˳
ӭͳһ˲ɸ׿ڴСֱֱ˹
ͷһַԼ٣УֻҪУһԪ޷תִֻС
֪Լ©;͵һͬʱϵĴԪ룬ǧĴϣ۵һ죬Ӵ˳ȥ
Ҳǻһ飬ҡҡλκòסΣüͷ΢壬ģٿʵʦ㣬Ǻ⣿
ٸüͷĸˣһĿͣʵȻʦܣ˭ʦأ
ʦ㣬˵ʲôװ֪׷ʵ
ôٸĿже֮ɫ촽˵ʦܲƺΪʦģңʦܾһ鰵ɫ̥ǣ
ԭͼм¶ǺЦ
ֻǰٸ˽ǣ֮ͬͨ⣬һܽٿ󾱲һС̥Ƕ֮ʲô
˵ԼĺúõĻ˷ء
ʦôˣٸܻʵܷܷ֣һֱֱָ
ŭ֮µٸû˿飬Ͷʱֻоһǿҵѹȸдӿն
ȻϴĲ࣬ʵ̫ˡ
ûгɣ׳ֻصٴһɺϢӴѹƾȻһ
ͳûһƷٴλɳȥ
ٸҲһ˿ɫ¹Լİ֮˵䣬ԸΪϻиַڿ֮ʱȻûӶݣһɺ֮ɫңָ


066 ϼ
Ȼûʶµһ˲Ȼһ࣬ƯʮɣöԷĹ˸գͬʱſ³һöǹٸ˹ȥ
ܵǹƻٸЩţ漴侲ԼµһýԼʵʵ
žһǹ磬һâת羹Ȼࡣ
ٸʧɫȻԼ͹ǹٲɣһ磬ԼϣӿСһһƴСӾͳϡ
ٷȥԼķзٸȻоˡ
û˿ͣЪسȥͬʱٸϵ꾵һת׼͡
ʹʱҲŴ嵽˶ԷǰϻһϸǱͷһɫĻ֡
ȻٸӶ׼ԼĵãһԪУȥ
ȵĻȼգͷ˳ȥͬʱǾоȻһ⣬ͻڿҵسײһգ߶ʧˡ
ٸнޱȣȻֻϴڵΪǸ֣۵ԼǶ֣ǣֻҪԼڶʱӣʤС
Ͼϵİ֮˵䣬ٸѾƴΪ
͸ǵѡ
ǰŮ˱ȽղɱĿ˺ӣֱһϡ˵ǵΪȻŮҪһЩߵҲޡֵǣٸϷʵڲ٣̶̵Ƭʱ䣬;Ϳˡ
粻Уܷ˵⾵ӣȻ֪ʲôͨҲ֪ǲеĺá
˿ٸʲôҪãô෨ġ
͵ĳڽսʿгɽǰ｣ɣ˻ѡսʽġÿȥʱܱǾӵ˻ǸոѹεͶ֪Լ᲻ˡ
ţһ߶һñǹ̶ʱڣϵĹâѾղţ˸ѡ
Ƿ𣬼ף֪ٸҲ֪
ȥǸ֣ٸһգڰϡ
ΣдϲжԱһָѸٳٸ˹ȥͬʱһöǹӲԳлȥ
ٸڸеˣڸãҲЩڡ֪ղžӦóûܲŶԣҲˡ
˺ģٸһҧ⣬һѪҺھϣӹâţٸǰһᣬǹûоӣͺ߱һ㣬ǹȻ˳
ѸٽӽٸһϴǰžһǹдϣһɴͱɼʮףŵײײϵҲһҡΡ
һ£⻹ǵһԳԱͷŵıǹ
Žʿʵι̫һٸΪҲ߰˲㣬ʹô෨ڡ
ȵȥʱ򣬲ûһͷԵڵϡ
ֻٸ֪ʱһöۺɫԲԲ򲻴ֻӤȭͷСʩͬʱһɺɫѸӿڵķԲʮɰʵʵѹ
ںɫ֮ϣһʺģĹӰѤ
ϼΣжϣͶ֪֣ʱ򣬵ʹùⶫʵ˱Ϸ
濴棬ȴܿ档
¼ˣĶѹûֻܳΪƶİӡɫһķá
ʵ벻ٸϵķȻ˲
ƽ֮Ȼ֪ǱôģĹ߷ƿ
ϼֵķΧǺܴͲ²ҪôԷԪ㣬ҪôΪ޷ȫʩչ
͵Ĳ²ǶԵġ
ٸԽӵٿĸ֮ͣس߸һ·Ѿ˲ԪˣղָͿභãĻܷӲϼεȫ
ȫʹߣĿעźΣϸһЩʱ׼
ҲҲѰٸղѡĿ꣬һʼԼĻԼʮа˾ҪץסȻȥҲǾԼΪȽϺöԸֻûϵǣԼбķֱǾӵ⼴ԼҲ޷˺Լ
ôŵʱ򣬺һССĶƿնȻ
ٸΪͬʱѾļˡһ߿ƺΣһ߿Ȼõľ⡣


067 ת
һس˹гЦԷڤ粻ʱõķȻת˸䣬ӲƴűһöǹУͷ˹
ٸҲѾǰľơֻҪڶʱץͣԼͿʡ󱨳ٱûˡ
öԷóѣȻΪԼҲǺ޻֮ټղűܴģڵĹâѾޱȡ
ѸٳԼӽһָűϼڹȥһ߾𴿾һԪ룬ޱӴȥ
ˣͻִ˼
һɽҡضҵײ̶ĦǱ任Īâ˸ѡ
ֲ֮ʱǼĹҲˡ
硢Сֱӳϡ
ȻǼܳɫķ͵Ĺ£Ҳǹâһʧ𽥱ԭСڵϣ˼û˶
һóؽ𵤣̰شмȡһ˲־ŤͷȥֻӴϼͻȥȴÿÿǺƵȥıǹҲ֪٣ѹ֪״жԷûС
߰˲ʿʩչķܣҲС
Ǻһ⣬ϵعűʧȥٸóǿ龵ˡ
ճĨһͷϵĺˮԼķɽͳ˹ȥűԼϵ֣Ҳո˵һ̫޼ƾȥ
ֻһдΧʽҲã
ϼڻƶţʱʱشӺзٸĴϢ򶷵ڣеؽ֧֣ݽˣȻԷΪҪߺܶ࣬Ҳֲ֧סĿը
һδ͵ĹƵɫҲ·ر䵭ۿٹþܹͻķˣǴӾ⣬ҲһδһΣ۱ͣɵؽ仯⡣
һƺߴӺڴͷһϲǱıǹ˺˶Էۿʤֵĸڿˡ
ٸԼĺҲңȫû뵽ֻϴ߲ΪˣȻӵôӴ
һϬĽƣٸ̺ĿֲҪͷųĽУ϶ҪΪܡǡˣȻͷ뼸ʮΣ
ôܣΪʲô
ٸѾ֪꾵˭ˣһʼʹعΪѾԻεľ֣Ȼôױеġֽ֮Ŀ׼ͣҲǳɹش˼£Ҫǣбͷų֣ܵ˺
֮£ٸ꾵ȻԽԽƫ
㵽˭дٸܻһ
ͷ
ʦأģٸǺʵ˻ơ
α֪أһ˵ţһû˿飬һᣬһϼαᱻƣʱ򣬶ںеٸϵ⣡
͵Ļشԭϵ⾹Ȼ֮ͣ󣬺вŴٸɵЦ
漴һЩëȻҾҲһΪʦܱ𣡡
䣬еٸٴƺһԭϡĺƾȻһ˲óޱȣҺֵķΧҲȻ˺ü
ӦԷѹͻȻ仯ʧеת󷨣
ʿʹԼʱ򣬿ԽһΪľѪͿڷ֮ϣ÷ʱ󡣵ȻѪ֮ΪҲһЩһ˵Ĳࡣ
ֻ˫ƾеʱһ뾡ʤ֮ʲŻѡңʧΪҲǿԼƵģƴʧԽΪõǿԽ
⻯ת󷨣ȴֱ˼¡
еΪȫת뾫ѪУ֮ڣԼķڶʱڻüεҲᳬܡۣͬ޴ޱȡ
ʩչ֮󣬾ԶϣΪɥΪˣ򵱳ɢֻء
ԣתֻĳһʿ̶ƴƵʱŻʩչ
֮·ɵľеĹǣʿҲܼɻֶûĸʿԸɢ
ԣʹǰʿҲټʩչ˷ϾԪҲлܵġ
ܵǰǶȻѹѹȣȻ֪ٸʲôҲе㺧Ȼٸļ


068 
ʩչ˷ٸڶʵȻܱȵϽʿɾڶ塣
ȥʱѾˣֱӽУһ˲䣬ǰһƬۺ֮ɫ֮⣬ʲôˡ
벻̫ͨ벻ͨˡٸȻزʵڳ͵ϡ
ʦɣٸǷͶϣһֻ̣ͻȻѣͬʱһʹһɴ˺Զŵڵϡ
ңڱеһ˲䣬ԼʶҲһε
꾵˵˺ĻǣܼôٸЦţЦ֮⡣
һĨӣһƬĸо΢Ӧһ£ܴǺֻƤˡҿʱпܱǾ͸
ϵһ±Ӧ֮£һĳȵףԼͱϵȻжˡҲ˵Լѹòκ
㣬һͦӵϷٲԥһŵؽ𵤣һֳŴ̫޼ǽһܲ͸簡
ڵԼ˫ĿʧκζȻ֪ԷĹĹֻԹƹ
̫޼ǾǿɱУҲܽӰȫԼߣʱ֮á
ɣƾΪֵܼѾˣѵΪʤôٸЦִ˹ͳֻʹŽУ಻ɽ
һĶʵĻᡣ֮ǰŬûа׷ѣעһԪĴڱޱȳأȴ֮γһܲ͸ķʧַشӵؽڹڣظš
вӵؿǱ
ʱʱأһЩʲôײһ֪ٸƵ꾵⹥
ÿһײ͵ĽΪֹһ٣˲ܵٴʩչš
Ƚϸղŵ꾵ٸʩչתֹ֮˼ҲһܻƱͷŵܡ
ٸһ˹عţһɭɭس͡
ʱȥˣһʱȥˣսû˿ı仯ֵĵطһ㶯ûС
ͷ·ҵľ磬˿֪ƣʩչŵһĽơ
ٸȴԽԽˡ
תʹ죬Ҳʱơʱ֮ԼΪʧҪصķɺ
ǡסĶԷȻӵӴԪԶԶԤƣ
ʲô
ѾʼˣԪٸ֪ϾԼеʱˡ
뵽ٸҧҧһպƣʣµԪȫ꾵Ц
ȻӺһʱûӦȵºͱϵһʱͲ֪ԼѾΣյʱӦȥˡ
ûңһֲĹâǰֻԼ
ǹâмдŻһеϢ˵սľ
͵ɴӣͷȻһñԼͷһ֣ͬʱ뻳Ҳûʲô׼߶Ԫȥ
ȴû뵽ǰһһ޴ӰԼǰ
һײ죬âɢȥ
ԭӰϵķˣңվӰ֮ͣؿļιǴһ޴Ŀ
ͼæһϸظӦһȷ޴󰭣ŷ
ͺֵǣԼղñԼӸֵģûԼȻˡ
Ťͷȥϼɢˣٸ㺹ܵصڵϣɫ԰׵ͬһŰֽھεزţһ˫ԭĶ˵ӣ˿Ҳޱȡ
֪ˡ
űسȥͿһССľӺһöۺɫӵڵϡ
ܸҡʦɱôٸſͣʵ
۾֮󣬲ŵ˵ͷʱٸѾϢȫޡ
йȻЩ̣֪ԼϧǺ۵ġϧ͵Լ
ʩչת֮ٸԪ¶ѾɢҲݵԪӶݡ
ʰȡս֮սƷͲЦѡ
ɢҪڵʹˡǲϼκ꾵û𻵣ֻϼٸıĨӡʶʹá
Ҳ˵Լõģ꾵ѡ
ҲǸķںһΣ˺ΣȻ˻ǣҿԼֻһΣ˵ĲǱӲسһɴˡЩǵػͷ˱һۣһûʲô仯Ͷʱ˼֡


069 ͯ·
ٸϾһ˲䣬Զڼǧ֮ɽϣһɫ󣬷԰׵ЦеƷݴԼֻʮꡣտĿ˸䣬͸һǿҵڴϣ
ϯͯ·Ϊͯ·񻪵һŻϼ㣬Ϊڶʵͯ·ٲȻɽľ֣Ǽչز֮⣬治˭£˭һɡ
ͯ·ȻޱȣҲԼĿԡԴ̤Ͻڶʵ֮Ϊͺٽˣۿ޽ٲͻԪӤڵĻԼ˵Ҳó鳾
Ϊô׵鰡
Լ֮ʣȻµ˵һȤ¡ԼиļӳϽʱһɽͷһ¹ҫ»ᷢɫâʯͷǸɽͷȻû˿ڡ
ͯ·뵽һЩΪԼΪɲ˴ĵ伮ϣЩʲô鵤ҩΪһŵϣ񿴵ؽ𵤵ļء
æеϸѯʣԽ϶ǾǴ˵еĵؽ𵤡
ϧ˵Ǹؽ𵤾ȻһֻϴΪɢˡ
ͯ·һߴԷһʶɢ޵ģ̽ͲУ漴ԼµĸӣԸǰϽѰǸɢޣǿʯͷŵ
Ȼǿʯͷʲôͯ·ûиǡ
һϴڵɢ޶ѣԼĸڵĵûֶأֻҪҵõؽʵʮþȵ顣
ͯ·ģȴ˵е챦ǰҲסǷԸԼŮͯͮһͬǰȥһҪֱǿʯͷ
¹ȥˣͯ·ԽڴֻҪõؽ𵤣ƾӴԼ˵ϣ֮ͻƵԪӤڣʱԼǳߴ֮⣬ΨһɾԪӤΪʿ
Ǻεȵķ⣿
ֻҪصȴ
ͯ·ʱһɫ԰׵ײײش洳˽ϴ󺰵ϣϣˡ
ͯ·˻룬ͷЩŭһӺ޺޵һ˼ң˻Żţɺͳ
ϡ촽ڴ£ֵͯ·˵СԪܡ
ͯ·ԭžɫͻȻ䣬һ˲˸ǰʵʵһһʵͮԪôˣ
ˡ
ʲôͯ·ɫ·һ˲԰˼ʮ꣬ζЩҡΡ
һܳ⣬˼һܷʯУ̧ͷȥӡĳ絶ʡ
ǸԼŮԪܣ˿Ѿķѡ
ͮͯ·һȥһƬһ˲ݺᡣ
ԪƷǳףϰ󣬶ַҲǳ̡֮󣬿Խһ˵һ˿Ԫڿϣ˻ڣѡ
һ㶼һЩʵǰƸԼõġ
ͯ·ҲôһԼıŮĸӶûݡ
Ǵ˿̣ˡҲʹſϸԪˣѾɢ
ͮǿķ߲ΪͨĽʿ򲻹Ҳӵĵߣƾɵ˭ͮ
˭ͯ·ŭغţɽڲѡ

ʹ˿ѼԷʣµĶǸõȻûзŹͬٸҵһЩʯֻٸϵĶҪλʦܵҪࡣһҵһͲ
漴һѻٸʬո⣬͸ɵ൱졣
漴ñͣ˰죬Щۡ
ιϵĿȭͷСӲֱӱ꾵򴩵ġ
ӣŵؽ𵤣ȻץС֣Ԫ뵽ڣ޸ơ
ʵ˵ͻһ㲻ľǣΣյһ̣ԶӦʱԼ´ͷŷ֣ɱԼȴ˹˶Էһ
Լжôһ˵Զжʶǿ϶ǡɵͱˡ
˰Ҳûף۰׵ļιϵȻûȬҲõ߰˰ˣʣµֻʱˡ
ɵˣѾڴ˴ʣһȻŹ
ȻڴٸʱನۣΪٸٿ̫ϤԵʣȻһ۾Ϳ˲Ծ


070 
ǿطѲ˺þãֱһ֮ɵһ˲١˺ûٸ۲ϸҲûǿӵСģرͺͱִ˸͸
ȻҲǸϵʿԪڶ˺þòҳȴش˿Ǳ¶ҲΣܣͱץסһȥ
ˣǳ׽ˡ
ˣջ˲ʯкüͻﴧġ
ûΪǲˬһֹţһ߽ջķϡ
ʵﵽ֮󣬿Խ֮սҲϡ
ջĶͱȽϿٸµļ
϶˵ˣ˵ƷϧҪԼʵﵽ֮ʹá
ϼθǲˣؽԱ
ͬϧٸıʶҲԼʵĨ
оǸ꾵
ݾϴ͹ӦƷʹҲܼ򵥣ֻҪڹԪʶһĿ꣬ӾͿͷų⹥˺Ǻܴ󣬿յ˻ǡͿ꾵ͷų⣬Ȼ޷ٸȡ
Ҳ޿ɺǣÿһԸʹߵΪΪģΪԽߣʹóķȻԽ
Ե֮ҪԼıʵŶԡ
֪ԼȻնɱʱƽһӡɵȹʱ䣬ǲȥĻ϶Ҫɵɡʱ񻪵˱ضϽѰҵġ
ԼѾʬ𼣣ôɣҲỳɵԼͷϣԼŽֻϴΪѡ
ͲûмŻԼɸʱռһ黨ݡݵѾᵽˣõĺãȫʤǿԼѾһţʣţͻƼ¯ȻռĲҩ㹻ĻҲԳ鵤
ǣʱ;ڱϣɽԽѰ黨ݣϾоٸϵõͲ
ͲûʲôֻһֽƮ㲽ĵϸжеһ֡
պʱ򣬱ԼһشʹƮ㲽һ˲ܳԶġ
˵Ʈ㲽ͷ·Ϊһ㡣
Ʈ㲽ԵĶݷԴյؽ𵤵֮󣬵ھۼѾȫɫĺصˣټƫ֡
̶̼֮;ģʩչƮ㲽ˡ
ȵս֮ʱƮ㲽׵ƣֱǾϣ
ºͽε֮ãűظ
˿̱ıϣ˸ָĶջϽȷʵһ֮أ黨оݱҲջ˷Щ黨ݣÿ˶ϵõġ
ңݾõ黨Աߣ޾ػбܲѴ֮ؽǸߡ
ݵԭϣҲռ˺ö࣬㹻¯ʮˣֻǲ֪ɹж١
صɽȣȽϸ÷ŵһߣűСУϴԧԡ
ʵ˵ʼʱͻԱȤǽҲϰˣϾԷǸ֣һǸûǵĵôں﷢̣ûбķӦ
һ·Ҳմ۹
ɽһɣڳУͿűشԼĽвЩϧ
ǰļιǴ˺ۣʧˡ
ûûϵˡһ·ͺöξűűȫѶԷһˡ
ΨһЩǣ͸壬һֱԼ·֪Ӧýٸ·¸Ŷԡ
ϴȥϵۣͿʼչˡ
оȡؽ𵤵пյʱƮ㲽ʮԡ
ȽϰɽɸϽȴӿ
ͻظº󣬴ɵӿϽϯͯ·Ĵ£ѰĸͽܺͱŮ䡣
һΣĲΪĵӣЩϴڵĵӶ˹ϾɵĵӴﵽΪĲûж١
ЩˣΪһ飬ÿһӴĸϴӣΪͬķɱϽ֮СĦȭƣ¸߰ΪͯϸǣκҵĵӣõĽԴҼ֪ϽգҲʱ


071 
վڲ®ǰ˸˳ؽϴɾһöӵ־˵һߡ
һ߳ŹӣһƿһſԲ鵤һµʱ䣬ͳɹ¯Σʧʳĸߡľһƿ鵤һصķ
ʮһݵϴûõţʮŶѡͲûԹ鵤ƵЩУͺֽйԪĹŹ⣬ⶫʵ˵ļƷϧ̣һѲ֮ͶûƳɹ
෽ܽһԭչڲϵݲ
Ǹ⣬û취еĲҩȻߣҩҲ㣬ɲûӦϣɸΪ֮
̾˿鵤뻳У۾⡣
ɽ֮⣬˵ӰǱţģӦʿŮͲȻ˵ʲôɸ̫ԶҲ
ǵˣǰգһЩʿӹ⾭ʱʱأһЩΪʿɽԷߣϽ·һҹ֮ࡣ
ͺٺЦԶ϶Щˣضйϵ
ɱǸٸ֮ʱ;Ԥˡԭٸϵķʵ̫һЩҸƷʲ
ͨʿûӵôҵġΨһĽ;ǣŮضһλҪûߵӡ
ԼɱǸٸԷ϶ưոݣֻû뵽ǣԷʵ̫һЩеڵ˳ϴڵҲСǷ˺ˣԽ˼ᶨ͵жϡ
͵Ȼ߳ɽȣֻԼ鷳
뷨ֻҪɽжأԷҲʲôʱȻͻȥ
Ƭ֮󣬵Ϳ߹ȥһ˻һ߹سܿ˼ۣ漴Աߣ֮û֮󣬶ʱ뷨
ɽ磬ɱ˶ᱦʱзԷȻΪһŵؽ˿ƣҲܹԼˡ
һֻصսУͼڳԸɾϵĹӣ漴Ʈ㲽ܳ˽硣
תϢĵسղ˶µطӽţ˻ûߵһٺ٣ȻǰٽỨҿû֡
ɽ⼸ٽỨҲ֪ûôûᣬȴû뵽Ϳ޼ֵ黨ŵҲܻͼʯġ
˭ȵı͵ŰٽỨʿȻһתͷͱһƴڲϣӵеӴֻһ˾Ͳһᣬصȥ
߽ɽɸڣͶϸ˰Σص˵ͷ
ԼͶ࣬ܿɹǣҲֻϴ߲Ϊԭ׼ɱ˼Щ仯
ñһϢϣеʱһ˹֮͵׼ѣȴͱŰؿԱߣ׳Ưǡ
˭ǿҵѹȸУʿʧɫȶӶڴڡ
١ͽĳߺڽڼϣݵضǰʿϵжڵϣסжһҪ㹷
λѡʿһſѹû뵽Ͻ֮УȻ˴٣˵ΪԼ࣬ǣ߻һͷʵǿľ֣ڿЦô
û㿪Ц㣡һӴȵԱĿ¶׹⣬졣
Եǿ֮£ʿֻӲͷƤӻһŶϣмŵ͵ͼһƷʯѣгı״һ֧
·ͼ˵
·ҲҪʿԲһ£ЩΪѵؿ͡
ûشϹһĨЦݡ
ʿƤźۼس鴤һ£ջǲΡΡԼ·Ƭ֮һ壬չǰʿһԼ£һָŹɹɬʵѣʲôԸô
֣ɱ𡣡һһԷĶĵʵ
½չɣɵӣʡôƺ½չɳһ£ʵػشˡ
ܸңڸʲôôͲûлشԷ⡣
˵ϵİŮĸͽϽʧˣѰءϻһ򿪣½չҲûʲôˣҿǰѺɫǿԼЩ⣬ѵˡϲз磿½չһʱԼƨɶЩˡ


072 켣
ȻԼһ
Ҹղſһģĸ˰ɣܸǵôͼŶԼõϢ
ʲô½չɲʵһ̣ǱڴּĲϣŵϽ˵ͷǸ֪ʦ֣ΪΪǸߣԱָǣ˳㱣ǵİȫ
һţһϸع۲½չɵɫ
˵ʦֵʱеıĽᡣĽĹǶԷΪߣǲ֪ʲôˡ
⻹˶ǸҲΪֱԪʦܣʦֶֺʦ㡣
˵СϾȻֳһĨЦݣͽһ۵ף˼ƽϡ
иһָأ˵Ż½չͻȻؿһ漴˶˳ȥȵڵ֮󣬲ŲŵؿԼؿڣһ֧Өıǹ·߲ʵĹâ
ѡΪΡ½չɼѵؾԼ֣ɬʵףΪʲô˵ĺúõģԷɱˡ
Ͳȥʱ䲻ˡ
½չɳѾһˣٲȥĻʣ˿϶Ҫɡ
ȻõϢ٣ȴõϢͺ⡣
ִһ½չɵʬ廯æԼ·϶ԷģһԷж˻С
ͷ˼һ£ת˲®Ѵ׵ȻǱŵģһֻصУһöݵʶ½չɵòƬ֮󣬺ϴһĸоˡ
Ͷų峺ˮ鿴һ֮ȷûʲôͲƮ㲽ܳɽȣղżʧķȥ
Ƭ֮оͳ˼˵ӰһƮƮŮӣһ£ϺЦظԱһ˵ʲôʱʱסС쿩Цһ֦չǸˣһ˫۾Ҳ޼ɵڶԷɨɨȥ
˵ʮ֮⣬ʿˣԱŻָ
Լжϣ֪ŮӶȻֶֶһ˵ЦģǸΪ֪ˣʣµ˭Ԫ˭;Ͳ̫ˡ
һŶӳֶСһ٣½ʦܣôȥôã
ʵڱǸʦͼλʦֵܾõˡϹεЦݣһ˸ȦҾһĿдŰĽ֮ؿֶһۡ
ֶƲƲ죬û˵ʲô
ԼжϹȻûд½չ˵ֶʦʱһ˿֮顣˿͹¶һɫֶûлɣɫ仹Щ㡣
ⲢһŮӣҲмɫټΪʿü֮ȻЩ֮ϻŲɫ£Ůе죬Ƥ𪣬üҼȴд⡣
ʱ֪ʦֲŵƲһ۵½ʦܲ𣬸պôҳûϢһָһ
ʦִдʦ̾硣ֶЦȻ
ʦùˣ֮ͬݡ֪Цһ̬ޱ㡣
ֱͲ֪Ϊʲô½չڽ֪ʱ¶һ˿ɫ
Լʦ㣬ȴһ·ϸ˴ΣŹ֡
Աһ߹͵ļʵ½ʦ֣ںõ˰ɣ
öˣлʦܹġ΢΢һ˳µش⼸Уֻһ½չɵʦܣˣԪʣһֱû˵ģȻ
һգ۵ʱ䣬;ͷֱ˵ݡ
粻ҪôĢˣȻʦģʦӦ֪ԽĢԽж⻰˵ĺСֻ
Сӣòƻл̧ͷһֻۣе֮⣬˵껹ҡҡͷɫϧ
лʦܹġ͵˵ͷЩͿԿĳԪ½չɵĹϵӦñȽвŶԣ򲻻˰ǸʼնǱߴû̧һƤ
ȻָˣǾͳɡ֪վһϵķ˵վһԲظں档ֶȻʦֲһ·һ·ЦͺԪ档
Ȼ֪Уȴĸˣ·ȽҲϸ
ʦ֣Ƕ˰ˣôһûУǰֶʵ
Ͻ֮ôңϺαسٵӣ


073 ֶ
١ֵʱͰզࡣ
ԭڿҪҪͻȻѣ⼸񻪵Ӹɵأתһ룬ͻ
Σյĵطȫĵط񻪵˿Ҳ벻ԼһС֮С
ңȻѾɽޣ;бҪ̽һɵϸϢ
ʦ֣˵ʦֵǻ᲻ҵֶŤͷʵ
ÿ˻Եˡ֪΢Ц˵һŸ˵ͷ
ҪǱҵðֶŰС֣Ͽ˵ֻҪҵԱΪʽӣһܵõʯĽ
Ǿʦö鿴ˣŮӱϾϸһЩҲʦմմ⡣֪Цš
˵·һһ״˵̸Цţ˿̶ĸоøںʹҡͷ
Ͻգ˵һʱʹðʲôΣգǾȻд⣬Ǻ޾ĳ
һֱĬ۹·˷⵹͵ϡ
½ʦ֣Ԫһͣǲǻ
ŤͷϽסӣװЦе㡣
Ԫһۣ漴̾˿ʦ֣ҵʿӦΪΪ֮ѵҲһ֮ôʱϼ˫ޣ񲻿գ˺ˡҲ˵ˣÿθ˵Щ㶼顣
ǿЦһ£صʦܹġ
һˣôԪҡҡͷֶ̬ϧ
˾ôһ·ĿĵţûôԪ˵󲿷ʱ䶼ֶ֪죬ܶһϢĵޱ߼ʣ͸¶Ϣ֮١
ҲûԼʱʱ¶һ˿Ľֶ֮ıӰλʦʱҲ·иӦƵأعͷ΢΢һЦʱĺ
ÿСգ˾ҪԭϢһԻָ
ʱ򣬼ΧһСȦһ˸𾯽䣬ʣ˴ָҲ֪ǲֵԼˣ;ȻҪػϰҹơ
˵Ȼܣ˸ȥĴ鿴һĽڣܳԶδתϢֻ°ҹʱȥࡣ±ǷԼ͵˸Ȧܵһ
ҹĵģʱʱг֮Ĵ
ԼһʱڴеͣȻһˡȻ̧Ƥ۾Ĵȥ
¹⣬ͿһӰЩĴţƮƮ硣
Ȼֶ
ʹɻŮܳʲô˼䣬ֶֻֽ⿪Լȹ漴ȹ㣬͵һס
͵Ķ߶ʱϪˮ֮
ʱͷ˷ۣԭŮܳС⡣ֶԼȹϸߣ¹䣬͸պÿһƬ׻ۡ
ĵؽϢԼϢͻ±Լ͵
ֶû£ɫһĵŤͷһ߿ȥ
ֻǱһ²֪ʱһӰ͵š
ԡ͵Ӱǲȵʲôֶ󾪣ϽվСԼȹ㣬غȵ˭
Ӱ¶ԼټȻûӶݣģ˳Цʦãҡ
ԭʦְ˼һֶԼʵظ֮⡣
Ǻǣʦö˳ʦֹʦõİȫһȴû뵽һ˵ţ֪Ӱ˳һسֶȥ֮Ϊԡ
ʦֵֶ֡ض˶Сţôô
ʦֻôֶ֪ǰһ漴޵㣡ʦùȻ˹ɫʦϵζҲɽȪ塣
ѽˣåֶСȭͷ֪£һȹ㣬תߡ
ʦñ֪߰һסֶСϽԼĻУһֶ°ͣһ˵ķ羰˼飬¹⣬̸̸Σ
ʦ̸ʲôֶûзһ˫ˮĴ۾ѯʵ
һĻò֪ѵĴģ촽ʲô̸ʲôˣѵʦʦһô
ôءֶԴһֿ˵ֻʦΪǳµʦֵдҵ


074 һ
ۿһӹŮԼǰҡüȥһģϾҪػˣͺ޲Ҹضȥ
͵ǲµİӦ
ʱʦѾֶСһߴһ˵ѵʦ֪꣬кϼ˫ôʦֻҪڿ㣬ʦԵɵҺﵽ֮
ʦҪôСûΪ֮ǰûʲôôֶһжģ
Һʿһ־ֻϴڣڵԪȻŨ񣬿ɲûлҺֻ̬дﵽ֮ЩԪܱΪҺ壬ҲʿƵĵҺ
ϼ˫£Ȼ˫ʵҪ޼档һʵ߳һ࣬ǱȽϸߵһõĺô֮٣ʵ͵һܹ󲻵ĺô
˫£аɶܻ䣬һ;һܱͨؾΪֻЩа񹦷˵ɱĺ˧ѡ˫ȫΪҪȡŮԪȵԼʵһЩʿֻɲ¯ΪԼʵ
ϼ˫֮ŮǶԷ˫¯ȡ衣
֪ѾΪֶϴ߲ѣѡ˫ޣȻֶ档
ֻҪʦø˾Сֶ֪һԹԾͷģв˵ˣʦõΪ֮ʦֲһԻúôô
ʦ֣áֶΪжż⣬֪һڡ
ʦãһ̰֪Ҳ̲סˣ־ҪȥѶԷ·
ȴû뵽ֶץԼȹ㣬Сʦ֣֮һҪʦ£ҪȻֶġ
ȻʦôŮӡʦֺһץס˶Էأݺһֶʱһֵ̣㡣
ٺ٣ʦ³çˡ֪һֵҲı飬˫ִڶԷŰţͻȻ֪ʲôƵأһֶ߽ŵڵϣһ߿ʵʦãҿ½չʦܺҲְ
ֶ˫ֻŶԷĲӣ˳˵ʦֵĲſʦῴ½ʦأ
áʦֹЦȻֽ⿪ֶ·¶ѩ׶˵塣
ʦ֣λʦܲῴɣֶЩʵдϢ֮⣬Ƥ˷ۺ졣
ģԪڴ½չ⾯䣬ֻҪʦýеС㣬ǲֵᷢġ֪˵֮󣬱ȲصͷһҧסԷظϵķۺ
ֶʱѣһߴһ˵ֶǵһΣʦֶϧ
仰֪ӱø졣
Աߴܳһͷ֣Աߴܳһͷ֡ͶҶв޶񶾵ذԸš
ϧǣԸΥԱ߸ûʲôֻð
߲ϻŮӵĴϢǿѹƵ˵ң·⿪ϤϤһеһУ˳롣
Ȼ䣬ֶһʹ˹˲䱻رסˡ
Ǳߴ֪İο¶黰أʹȥͶеˮĺӰһһŮĴشϢ
ӡĸǲϽʶ߳塣
ͷʱΪ½չɴΪֵֶŮˣֻ׸ƣôῴءô˵Ҳмɫʱʵ
ǱߵĶ˺ôһŽȻֶ֪ĵı֤һһƴͬʱȥ֮ʦţҪΪϼƣֶ˳ط֪ؿϣ㺹ܡ
ٹ˺ôһᣬ֪˵ʦãɣʱˣ½ʦҲûˡ
ֶ潿ߵȴû뵽أһʹ
֪طЦСĵʦãһ֮ȹһͺˡ
ʦ֣ô֪ǲǰֶһź촽ҧŶԷһֻ䡣
ǺǡôᣬЩǴϿġ֪æ͵
ǰʲôԺֻܶҺáֶ
ǣԺֻʦһ˺ãЩӹ֬׷ۣܸʦȡһοֶԼ·á
ȵ˽Զȥ֮Ͳһ
ôѡطءѪڷӿͱĿ˺ôһᣬŰ߳Լεĵط˸Ȧһصĵط
һֶۣȻϥڵϣԶӲüͷ΢壬һʹı顣
Ӧͷˬ


075 ֦
ȵٴ֪֮Կ⽫ٶȷֶǰ档
ƹ֮ʹֶ·΢ЩȻȻ΢ùʿ۾
½ʦ֣ʦ˵ӡԪĵһ͵䣬
ɡƤ鴤һ¡
ʿʱȷҪǿ࣬͹ƣֶֻٹգӦþûʲôˡ
߼䣬ֶͻȻ̧ͷȥϲؽһʦ֣Ǳж仨Ư
˳ֶָķ˶ʱһɽͻĵطһ۰׵ĻǶţ£ֻаƴСŽ׵Ĺâ
ʦϲʦȥȡǡ֪΢΢һЦ˸ſһ£һĳӱ㱻˳ӭ㳤֪һȵվԼķ֮ϣضֶʦڴԵƬ̣Ϊȥȥ
ֶһƬ֮ɫɵӦʦСġ
ֶֹĸĽҲǡ
֪֮⣬ȫϴڵʿֻܽԼķߣսȻ֪շ硣
µĵӣϴʹõķձ鶼һ֧һƷĵʶѡֻʵﵽ֮󣬲ʸѡȡķ
֪ųϳ׻ȥ죬û˵
׻ʮɣɽ֮£Уǲܲժģο֪ôֶֺȻһе
ۿ˻ͨףȴһ˿˿Ѫģ磬вмصһ
ѪƯǽĻоͻͷųŨѪζ
Ѫһƶҩãûжֵĵطܻ޵ɢѪζζϸŲġߣѪĵطضжۼ
ͺ֪ûʲô飬Ȼ뱩¶Լļ֪
ͨĶҲκβһڵʿɽͶӦòӴĶŶԡ
ԣֺԼŮˣҲܲš
֪ת˲ɵǱߣҲһ˼û̶ȥժų˼ȦֲûΣ֮ͣѪǰŤͷضֶһЦ
ʦСĵŶֶһһģΪԼҵĵɾˡ
ֶû䣬ԱԪʱеʦֿˣ
Ҳ֪ͷ֮ʣѪһָֻķ϶ͻȻðֻͮͮ۾
һ̣һӰӷ϶дֱ֪ܳϡ
ȫûǺӰʲô֪һɫ䣬־ͳӰץȥ뽫ץߡ
ָպͺӰӴһĨӲĸоϴ˹ֱʱ֪ſȻһԼߣʰ쵵򼡣
֦򼣿֪һ
ûʲôӦ֮צץڶԷ·ϣһ̽һţһҧ˶Էľ֮
֪ҽһʹⶾ׿ͬʱ뻳ȡһԪͳȥ
һƾϣ򼷢֨֨ĲҽУֱֱµ档
һĻֻգ֮䣬ȵ˷Ӧʱ֪Ѿˡ
ʦֶ֣ǵغͬʱοŲǱ˹ȥҲ
͵۾ȴضӿµ򼣬Ȼ֪յ˶Էǻ֦򼻹ƾϼӲĿ赲ס˺һرܵӰ١
ʦֶ֣ĺͻȻ̧ͷϿȥֻ֪ȻԼķϵֱֱ£һƬں֮ɫ
ȻΪȲӦҲһֱĬóһдʣһһǿ㳯֪׹֮ؾȥ
ǿ֪ƽŵ˵ϣʮɸߵĵطµˡ
ʮɵĵط֪û˿ʹʿڳˣҲ϶ˤĸһ
ȵ˳嵽֪ߵʱӡǰһĻҲǾ㤲ѡ
֪¶Ƥȫں֮ɫȻ˾綾һϸСӡ˿ڣðڵѪҺλڵʿ³ɫĭʹس鴤š
ֶɫѾȫ֪룬ɵɵؿһС
ԪϽӻͳһƿҩһö֪ͣ˽ȥŵغʦ֣Ͻ˹ҩ
֪˿̷Űۣɫͫ׶ʧˣ鴤ĶԽԽȻ־壬Ļʲôʶҩ


076 
أԽԽСƬֱ֪֮ͦͦ״ޱȡ
ȻϵѪԱж飬Ҳû뵽Ȼ涾ޱȵĻ֦򼡣
ĶأʿҲԵֵ򼻹ɽͷ϶У䲻͵Ϯѹ֪ΪʿҲ˵
ֶն֪ԣɵɵؿš
ʵԽܣԼλʵʦ˷֮ʵһ춼ûȥԷԼѾˡ
˵ɫȻûֶǰ԰ףȴҲÿ
ɵȻ˵ˣСӽϽʦΪף𱣻ˣҲСӵͷˡ
ˣĸϴڵʿϽУ϶׶༪١
ʦ֣жԪͻȻ˵漴Ͻһö鵤ԼУϥ
ŤͷȥֻԪʦָһ޵ĺߡ
Ҳ̫˵ɣԪֻ΢֪ȻҲжˣ
Ԫʱַ˽ⶾԭػ˺ôһ֮һЩɫҺѪҺԪָ˳
Ԫźݺݵغһɫ΢Щ԰ס
ʦܣû°ɣʵԪһ·϶Լ֮⣬ҲһЩøС
ûʲô¡Ԫҡҡͷ
Ťͷȥʱһ˲˳ĬС
̶̵Ƭʱ䣬֪ʬѾʼܣ¶ɭɭĹͷһܵζ
ֶɵɵض֪ʬף˻ǡ
ߣϧ˵漴ߵ֪ķԣ
ʦ㣬߰ɡ˵ز˾ЩֶԷڿ϶ܵҪȲǷĶ֪飬ֻŰѱӽ֪˾͹ˡĸŮ˶Խܡ
½ʦ֣ͷʦߡԪ΢ָһ㣬һ˵
͵˵ͷץסֶĸ첲
ֶҲûзͽţһظ档
ԪһһŻ֪ʬϣʱܻȼ
ʲôĬеֶͻȻ˺ѷεغʹ͵֣֪Ǳȥ
ͺݺݵקţѵʦʬжȥҲж
ҪգҪգֶʹţһð־˦ơ
ʱֶӡָۼ
ǰػعͷһۣԪҲסˡ
Ʒ·ֶĻ˻绨Ů۵һ˳ϵص͵ĻУһزš
߰ɡԪ͵ļ򣬸ȥ
һͷ󣬱һƿֶϣ£ϸһǣ²½չܸɵĳ顣
Իһذοֶˡ
ֶȫûһ߿ţһţСֻץ͵֣¶ԷƵء
һֱ߳Զ˲ͣܲ鿴һ߻˵ûΣա˵֮ϥ˵ϡ
ʱദҲ֪ĬԣȴлԵĻӦɾ͡
ֶһԣССһƵصĲûӸղŵĴлָ
ԪҲڴȴ˼
ҪҪܵأСϽʲôΣգҲûʲôֵ
Լһ˾Ͳͬˣ԰ѱٻʵڲþͻɸǰȫġ
ֻڴ̽Ϣ̫˵㰡뿪ЩģԷǸͯ·ʲôΪʲôģ֪ء
λʦʦ㣬ʦֻʣĸˣǲӦѡһ֮ˣʲôʱҲиءԪͻȻ˵˵֮󻹴ؿһۡ
˵Ϊ࣬ϴ߰˲ģ
˵ͷ
ԪʱһڴͶͣȻ֮ˡ
ͲŲء
ŤͷһȦֶȻûпˣѾŮԺԲơԪ͸ˣʱ̣ҲǴҵʦܣûʸ
ֻʣԼϴ˲㣬ΪҲߣ硣
΢Цؿ˵ʦɡ
̧Ƥһ㣬漴˵ͷ³һֵá
Ԫʱʧ֮ɫ
ʦ֣ô죿ͽɽ׸㿪ѯʵ
üͷ΢˼һᣬŤͷ˿ֶ˵ʦǼϽ֮пҲѱȴϣߵ飬ζᡣ
˵һΣ֮⣬ʹ˳Ͻعˡ


077 ϴ
½չɣҲͬĽ顣
ͯ·ȻĶѣҲȥѰųɡһ·ȻڼҲоƾ֪Ϊ˵ȫҲûʲôա
ȴ֪ͬˣСǿ̶ûˣѹùġ
Ԫ˼Ƭ̣ʾûһʦ֡Ҳνĵ˵ͷֽĿͶֶʵʦãΣ
ֶĬûӸղŵĴлֶָ֮΢΢ص˵ͷ
Ӧһ漴óһʶ͸Уӡߵݸ͵ʦҲڴ˷㻰ɡ
Ȼ֪һϽҪΪѰͯ·Ůλͽܵ䡣ȴùģͯϹһ˿ɳе취ˮ
һ˼ˣһ߽ӹŴʶ͸УƬ֮ݸԪ
շתֶ֮ʱ޵۾˵Ů̧ͷؿһۣ촽ֹ
ʦʲô˵ôԪʵ
һֶۣǿһ˿΢Ц˵λʦֵֶܰһæô
üͷ΢壬ûд𻰣˵ʲôæ
ʦֲ򼶾֣Ϊʦֱ𡣡ֶŽĿת
ǻ֦Ȼʲôõ֣ɿͣҲôǳ֮Ƭ̣Ҵ綾ޱȣĸ
һ·ʦϣʦѣѵʦ־Ͳôֶؿ
һ˿ŭ˵ʦˣֻΪ̫Ƕ˵Ѿܵʲôط
һѣοڴ֮ǰʦһУѵʦֻôֶͱⲻ͸̾Ů˰һɱ˫ۣʲôˡ
˵֦ǰ治ʲô֪֮ԱɱҪΪ֮ǰ鿴һΪǸطûգűһҧڲϣʱֻҪ΢еʩҲһ¡
ʦѵдģˣڵȴָʾ֮ǰȫ׷䣬ΪʦֱѪޣЭ
ֶлλʦֵˡֶվӯӯʩһ
ԪԴˮ֪λʦΪʲôôׯأֻ
ŮҲǿ֪ΪͲſˣҲһ㺣ûҪô
Թ֮£طһ˿Թ
˸ոߵļƻͻȻһڨڨĹâԶѸٷ漴ͣǰ
Ԫ
Ȼͣǰ϶ʦŵĴˡֶҪϢãֻҪʿϢʶ̽бɡղóľǴֻο϶ûǰŸߡ
ϵĴɻѣǰӲӣֻڳϲʸʵʹãϽ֮УҲֻһϡ
ѵǼλʦʦ䣿֮⣬˶²⡣
ʦ֣ȿɡԪ˵Ӧһ漴˸ַǰĽɢֽƯڿеĴȡʶһ̽ʱɫŹ
ʦ֣˵ʲôˣԪʵ
ԼɡЦһݵԪϡ
Ԫڿ˷Ϣ֮Ҳһɻ漴ݸ͡
ȵͽʶ֮̽ŷֻ֣һλнӵ񻪵ӣΪΣٸ˵ص㣬Υɡлʶָ·ߡ
ȵֶҲ鿴һܷܷ֮һ㻯ɻʧƬ̣ͬʱĬˡ
ʲôܲ¸˾ŲʮȻԭҪϽļƻңвˡ
Լȴɻˡ
˵λɴϽٵӷϽһѪ̬ڣȻҪټһ
ΪʲôأǲҵǰЩӱԼɱ˵ģ˵ʬͱٻɾˡ
Ҫٵӡбضʲôֻ벻ˡ
˼䣬ɿһüȻѾԭļƻֻȡˡ
Ͼͷ˻ֲ̫һЩɵͬʱΪҲҪϵġ


078 
ԪҲЩյص˵ͷֶȻ֪ѩޣҲʲôԹԡ
ֻǴ˵˵صңԶֲУʵЩ鷳üͷԽԽ·ûʲôյνֻǻʱˣ·ա
˵֮ˣտڲˡ
֮Ԫ̾գҲֻӲͷƤˣʦֵǻὫ·Σų
΢һ֮󣬳֮⣬˶ɫؾ˵ͣǶǴⷬٶǺ棬ȻҲֵøȥ
˲ٶͣʩַѸٰմָĵطȥֶֻ֮ʱЩԹػͷһۡ
ʦûĸӸҲӣȻȫ·ָĵص㣬ڵľ֮ңڵų㣬Ҳҡ
Ҷϴ߲ĵӣƽʱȻһЩС֮ǰƮ㲽Ҳǡ
ֻͷ֣Ǽ˺񶼲Ʈ㲽뵽Ůӵݣ͹ָĶӦŮеģûʸϰ
Ϊ˲ɣͻƮ㲽ĺۼڼΪǳҲʲô
·ȻһЩɽޣĸʿǰЩ޺޻֮㱻ɱ
ȫ·ָǴ£֮ͣ˲ǰڵϵһͷʬ塣
һֻССɽè˵ҲǾ˼սĺۼһƬǽ塣
жϾֺͨҰ޺ףϿ϶ģͷɽèУ̫ǿǺͱ˻ַͻʱ򱻻ˡɽèʬ֮⣬ҲһЩûɺԵѪҺɢɢټһ鷶ΧȾѪ졣
Ѫ۲Ƭ֮óۣսƻûСգèʬ廹ûȫ
ʦֵܸɵôԪϲʵ
ͣ˶ĵģ»ʲôʵǿľ֡
ܿ϶˵ͷкܴĿܣϾϽ֮Уˡ
̫ˡԪ鲻Խһʦֵǰ·ǾͰȫˡ
һ·ݵֶҲɫ˲١
ǸϽ׷ȥɡѪô࣬ЩʦֵҲܴС׷ȥ֮ǻϣҲܱİȫֶ˵
ʦ˵Ķԡ˵ͷһֵ·ȥ
ǰϣڣ˲ؼӿ˲һֱ׷ҹʱ֣ԶԶؿһŻǱòƻΧżˡ
Է磬˶΢Ц
ɵû
һɽ꣬ǰ
ϸ֮£ֻ˳üһһƣ˻ͷ·ҲЩã·ǱʲôץƵġ
һΪɫҲÿ
ԪľԵʣֱǰʮ״űǷ
˭Ǹʿһᷨغȵ
ʦ֣ǡϽ
ɫһɡ
ʦܣǸʿģ֮Щϲؿʵ
ǺǣǮʦ֡
Ҳһһʶˣֻʣµˣȴ֪֡
ϾǧӣȻ죬Ҳȫϵá
һ֮Ǯʦɻؿʵôֻмλʦʦãǵ·أ
ÿһСӶһʿΪ·ˣǴҶ֪飬˿λǮʦֻĸϴʿȻɻѡ
ʦֱһֻ֦ҧˣˡɫȻ
ֶԱسҭ˼ԼҪǶ仨֪Ҳ顣
֦򼣿֣ҲǻһǮʦҲɫ䡣
λʦ֣Ǯʦʵ
֪ʦ֡
Ǯʦֲһ£漴̾ӢŰ֪ʦʹˣ̶ʮʱΪȴû뵽
Ҳ֪Ǽ٣Ϳϵɫޱȡ
Ǯʦ֣ôֻˣתͷһȦʵ
ˡǮʦֿЦһ˵·ϣһֻèλʦܷѾĻ½ӰΪնɱֻٶʵ̫һЩλʦҲսвˡ
͵ԭǰèնɱġΪˣ˵
ͲңҿԼһûʲôֵľ֣ҪǸʲôӰԼһĨڡ˵ôϴڵĵҲ˳ԭ̡


079 
ǮʦֶԷһۣ˴̾Ϣһ
һνϽˣܻųȥֲ֪ж١Ǯʦָ̾һ˵
ΪˣôĴֵۣôѯʵ
ϵĸͽܵûô˳ʦܱˣΨһİŮͯͮʦ㣬ҲϽʧٵġǵʲôǮʦһĿɬ
˵ʲôȴǮʦ־ִˣҲգ˵˵İɡ
Ǯʦ֣֪ΪʲôҪ˽еǱôĬƬʵ
ҾͲˣֻûԵɡҲ²⣬ʮа˾Ÿλʦʦʧйϵɡ
йϵë뵽־ˣңָĵص㣬ԼѹûȥɱҲǱߡ
ǱʶܾʲôҪһ㡣
˵ʱֶͳĬڻԣ˴䣬ʹֶô߻ҶûȤٽĿˡ
һϣ˭ðȫ˱ϡȻǮʦհһ֮ٴγԤصȥ
֮˴ָطʮ⡣
Ǯʦ֣ǡͻȻͣ˲ָǰ˵
̧ͷȥʱǰľסˡ
ʮգһƬƵصͨ죬Եùֲĺƣټһ鷶ΧںڣƼʻᣬ罻ӣ֮¡¡ڶ
ŴͣɴţǴûһʱ侹ȻǼ·
˺ôһᣬɬ촽ŤͷʵǮʦ֣ף
Ǯʦֵ˵ͷûѵѾͻƽΪԪӤˣ
˻һ˽¶֮ɫ
ɫһô죬ڴ̽һõϢˣǸ񻪴ϾȻŽ𵤶Ϊ
ֲҪеӣҪΪ令ɣ˷ܵʵ
ǣȲ˵ٸ·ҪǮʦֻعһִ˼ٳȥ
˶˷ĪϽȻûҵǼʦʦ䣬ȴΪϻȴϽԪӤ֮󣬺ôٵô
ֻͣǮʦֵжϺһЦ
ʿԪӤ֮ʱȷʵ䶯ɾ˹ƣңͻиܵһЩΣձϢ
챦ףңпϹ챦ǲͨ챦
˲ˣ챦ûôˣ⸽ľֿ϶ᱻʱ϶Ҳ
ԽӽǿطԽܸܵ׵ĿֲϢңĪظоĿֻʮ·ʱȻоڵ̫齣ķȻܿƵתķתһɹ΢ɲڡ
ͻıһϽ񣬿סķת
ɲ뱻˷ԼԾĵطȻס̫齣⣬ķǵƤĺϲǹһ㣬һͲȥƣתȻ΢ȵƵֻѹš
ʮľ룬ȫٷɱ֮£Сձ㵽ˡԶԶأ˾ͿһЩȵ˴񻪵ӣΧͷ֡
λʦʦܣȥæǮʦִһӣԼķͳս
һ߷ţһתͷһȦֻ˵ǰǸɲľȣ֮ϣƬڲϷţһ糯䣬ǵը졣
ԣվһߣûЩǰ챦ľֱֱ֣ž֮£һƬǺ˷ܵɫǿװ򶨵ĴֶЩ΢΢
վ˭ܣ˵صܲѰͺһ޴Ļ¯һ㣬ɽڸɢ˿ֲ߶Ťˡ
ܵҪڵԪѣһͻͿĲݵģ
̫ǸߣֻΣĸо񻪵Ĵͯ·ˡ
ȻݵıòͲ֪Խ𵤶ʿûεЧСΪϣһֱԶԶԶ
Ǽֻ񻪵Χľ֣Ҳڴ˿̹ѲڣնɱֻһֻӶݡ񻪵Ӷʱһ󻶺Ҳֻ΢΢Ťͷ߿һۣ鸴ӵ˼㡣
û뵽û뵽γѰԼĵӺͰŮģɻûҵʲôȻеԼס
ͯ·ͣظ˹ֻһۣȫԿ϶ʲô챦Ҫס


080 ̫齣Ч
Ͻ֮У˾֣ʿˡˣҲᷢס
ѵԼĻԵ
ͯ·˵ԼΪ׼¹һ챦ֶգ˭õ˭ġͯ·ȻΪǿ
ɽɲ⣬Լ˺ôһᶼûзֹȵףԽ½¶ԽȣԼѾڶΪˡ
ѶԽ󣬾Խص챦Խɫͯ·Ӽޱȡ
׼һ¹ȵ׵ʱȴڰ·ͻȻɱһʰ쵵Ŀȸ
Ȼ֪챦߱ʲôػɵͯ·ֻȸʱҲһ
ȸͷһ޺͸ڣһ˿ڵĶѣǴаȸ
ͯ·һͷаȸлɣͨľ֣ͳ̶ɲ⣬ƫƫԼĸǽԹ
˽ټԼҪ÷ֳһʶһսͯ·ˣֻǱӳ
ϸؿһ챦ʱضǰ˵أϽлʿ˵Ҳǰһݸͯ·ټϽеĵӣٸ˵ء
ֻҪ񻪵ӵˣԼû˺֮ǡʱֻҪаȸ챦ȻԼˡ
ͯ·δ챦ǴΪ۴˵Ǹ϶ǻԵġֻҪԼõϣȫֲԼʵȱ
ԽԽˣͷĵƣڵĺѾܼŨĳ̶ȣ챦Ҫףͯ·Ĺƣ죬죬챦ض
챦ͯ·תһʵﵽ߲İֵ
߹˳ͯ·ǰֵʲôԸ
µ˶ˣͯ·ɨһ۾ۼڴ˵ص񻪵ӡ
ϣΪĵ˶ʮˣϴΪĵ˾ʮˡϸشӦö·ˡ
ͯ·˫֣΢΢˵ͷ
ӣЩ·ҲһЩûʲôĴ󲿷ֶϴڵĵӣܺ񻪵ĸ
񻪵ϴӣȻҲܹܣЩŮӣһ㺹ܣϣ߹ţһЩеӵ۸
ԴɱЩ֮ԪǾߵһЩʦֵ˵Ц
Ϊ˱ⱻ˷ʲôһߣװģȴǷ
챦˭ģ̵ģԼΪôѵֻؿǸͯ·ȥ
ôŵʱһ֣̫齣תתٶԶԪڽеؼ˵Ҳڡ
;Ȼ鲻Խһ̫ˣ嵽ǵĿУĶѡ
عһ죬ۿˣͲûѹķתСϸ
һ˿˿ڣڵתһȦȻ䵽Ѿͨľÿһķת͸֮£ˬѡԭеȵ壬Ҳܲȶˡ
ô£̧ۿ˿ڴˣȻҲھۼϻðźˮһЩڵʿ
ѵ̫齣ķԵʣ
ȻͻȻʱ򣬽һЩͬ·ӿԼԺгֵһĻ
ǸˣǸµˣڸֲͬĻдԼоޱ߻𺣡
˵̫齣ΪЩؼⴴķЩﵽʥĿꣿ
ֻǸ²⣬Ҳҿ϶
Ϊ֤Լ뷨ٴαĿת̫齣⡣
أһȶȶܲˣйĸоڵԪҲȸѡǾЩȴԽԽࡣЩȻû飬֪Լܵǡ
ǾǱӡڽ֮һ㡣
ʹϲеĲ²ֿ϶ļ֡ĻԼûпܶ챦ء
ֻҪԼڽоۼ㹻Ȼþˡʱղ챦Ҳͯ·ȥ
챦֮ضʲôػȻûǺŲĹɡֻҪͯ·ػ챦ľսԼٴűԱƲһѣٺ١
ͲİȻʱĵˮ©ɱһڶʿôţʵʳѰʱ϶챦ʵˡ
̫齣⣬ͱƳһЩˮ⣬ñ˷ʲô֮


081 ֶ
Ƭ֮һϮͱǿУŤͷԱ߿ȥֶԼߣȻϧ½ϣǰعճϻƮɢһŨ㣬㲢ţ󶯵ĸо
ʦ㡣ǡô¶һ˿Ľɫ
ֶ˵ͷ̾˿С־ŲԵһСݣü壬֪ʲô
ʦôһ𣿡ȻЩᷳԼ½չɣȻֻ½չɵ˵
ôʦ㲻ôֶʹʵ
ȻǣʦСܵĸ֡͸Ͻҡ֡
ǱߣЩ˶ҿһȺɫֶϵС׳ҧű˵
˭㴩ô֦չ˭㳤ǰ͹̣мɫأ
ʦҲ˰Ц
㿴ֶĬƬ̣ͻȻ˵һʹΪԾĻһʱ;Ȼ֪Ӧ
ʦܣϲʦôֶͻȻʵһƬߵķۺ졣
Ƥ鴤ѣֻӲͷƤ
ֶЦһ̧ͷ͵ɫȻޱȣӻ߿˿
ʦ֪ˡֻǰֶ¶ŻɫǰʦΪԼмɫֻЩΪʦǣΪһԺ˫˫ɣһ
ĳһϿˣĵȻǸ
ʦܻʦǸĽٵŮ˰ɣ÷ϣȷʵǡֶԴţֻǣǸʿøǿÿʿе뷨ûд
Ͳ÷ص˵ͷ
˫飬ȻԱȽϿٵ˫ΪҲ˫Ͷϣ˴˿ۣʿкܶˣһЩ⹦ɫŮɫĴڣɽ磬ѡ˫޵ʿȻ٣ȴҲࡣ
ʦС˵ЩʲôһԴˮɻʵѵԳЩƣ
仰ֶɫøˣˮţҲЩŤ󲻰βſ˵ֶʲǺܳڣһֱôȥĻȻлڣҲ֪Ǻµˡһֱֶźͱ˫޵⡣
λʦ㾹ȻԳֶ͸оĲѾԿ϶Էʲôˡ
Ȼֶ˵̧֮ףЩ˵ʦܼȻһֱϲֶֶܸһ˫ô
һڿˮԼ½չɣ˿ϾʹӦǡ½չѾˣԼ͡
ǰŮмɫûһ뵽ʪȵĳ棬͸оһġοԼϲŮˡ
ΪԼѾɾѺͱʦ˫ˣԲŰ½չϡ
ʦʱĮءֶû̻شЩʧصԴϽֶ֮Ĳô
ʦˡǿЦ
ʦֶܺΪ࣬Եϼ˫޵ĻԱ˴˶кôֶɵԴЩ΢΢زֶûб뷨ֻǿͲˣֻҪʦܴӦֶԺֶȫȫطģֶˮ֮ˣʦܷġ
촽û˵ʲôֶֿ˵ʦܱæŴӦֶһûʦܡ
ЩŤͷһۣһ䣺ʲô£
ֶɫţСȭͷҲţβ͵һ̧ͷݺݺһ˵ֶѾ֮ˡ
ʲô͹ؽе
ʵڳ͵ϣ˵ֶ鲻Ƕô֪Ҳıһ㡣
ֶۿӫŤԴֶʦԺڣԾáȸʦܱȽϺáȻʿһңǡ
ûĸʿԸͷ϶ñӡ
ʦȲæش𡣡ֶ˵ţ֮ٸҴô֮ʦǴӦǾܾ鷳ֶһ
á˵ϣͻ˵ʲô
ϼ˫ޣȻûʲôȤҪԼ֮ٻشͼֱ֮á
˶˳ĬУֶ֪ΪʲôߣߣʹԴɫǲ
ǣǱߴһ񻪵ӵĽλʦֵ׼ˣоˣ
ͺֶһۣϽӵԼķ˹ȥ


082 аȸ
׵Ѿ˺ܶྫֵע⣬̶ʱ䣬˾Ѿնɱֻ֡
Щʵ̫ǿᣬ񻪵ӽ󹥻֮±
ȻҲһЩ;ۿһϴڵĵӱһֻͽ˺룬˵Ǻܴ
ʱڣ񻪵ӳ߾ۼˣڣϽ񻪵ӣѾо󲿷ֶڴ˵ˣûȥϸ˵Ҳٺˡ
ۿߵȻ֪ǵĴҪԪӤ֮̽£Ҳ֪챦ס
ֵε챦˵ÿ˶ᶯģ˭ҲûʵȥշֻܹԹԵذͯ·ķԸ¡
˽ϣǸھǧ֮ϵĺͻȻϵط䶯ͬһнһ㣬Ƽƴ󣬶ҰźƵ䶯˵ص¶ȾȻ˲١产ˡ
ˣ챦ͿҪˣһĻͺͯ·ͬʱ϶ж˳˶ǳ
еͯ·ѹͷļԪ⴫ϴΪĵӸΧ䣬赲һг˵ľ֡ʲôʿˣϱϵ䡣񻪴ϵͷʲôʿҲᡣ
ǣϴ
ﵽʵĵţ챦ʦΪףϽͷȻǲסȡ
ǡǸ߹ش
³֮󣬱ϱضͣ仰ص㣬Ȼͯ·һ˵ȫ¸߰
ͯ·һֱ̾Ҳ
ٶ񻪵챦϶ԼϵġȻû׷鵽Ů䣬ܹз챦Ҳˡ
ͯ·⼫ˣͷ԰߷Ը˼һȻ˾ԣ˫վ
ȼ˴ҵעſ˵ϴڵĵȥΧɡ챦¶ȲֵܹġڵʦǣγܷɹȡȫˡǾһ飬ŻӰô󣬲˵УֻҪסԷͨһ˵ţó˸ղͯ·ĶһͬСһķӫˡ
Ӧϵô߾Сӣ´ΣգԽԷȽҵʹá
˻һԭЩ㷲񻪵ǣʱ¶ϲɫ
ȻҵȵΪʹ̫ǿҪѡλʦܳһͬԱʦܵİȫҵ㵽ˣվ
ʱ͵һƱϴڵĵӣѾ뿪Ƭԣ˼֮⡣
д󼱡
ܿǱߣ̸ʲôȡֻ߸ƻԼðʧسȥԻᱻǸͯ·
һ߸ţһüͷ忼ŶԲߡ
ǰߵĸ˳ʵߵˣ˵ͷλʦһⷨʦܾԾһ飬ɴ󡣡
ʦְţڵ˵Ȼûʲôʣʱ磬ڣΪҲ
ʱͯ·Ѿ׳һһŲ棬Ȼ·ȥ
Ѿʼжˣλʦ׼ߴһ漴Ҳ׳Լķȵվ棬һʱ䣬ɫķڿУҫۡߵ񻪵ǣĽسǱ߿ȥ
ΪĵȻ٣жȴһռ˼λдʣϽӡǰߣȴ˷ٵһߣ׳ǸСӣͬʱһСӡ
һ֮СգۼͱͬһСڿеתš
Ƭ֮󣬴Ӿ˼֮һ𣬸ߺλʦСˣϿҪǾˡ
æһ࣬ר־
ٹһᣬɽڵشܳͯ·ӰԶԶؿȥֻͯ·һɫĻ֣ӦҲˮԵĶ²һ÷һֱӲӵĵʣһֻһ̨ģĶٴеעž֮¡
޵ķˣȻܲµһ㣬ȴ֪ͯ·ķʲôܡ
ͯ·ӰûãֳһӰʰ쵣Ȼ󣬿ȴɢͱ˵ơ
аȸʹһаȸȻлɣһҲֻлĵطŻл֮ԱΪаȸΪ³Ļ˵սľҵ


083 ս
ҵ𣬼еʿֻҪ֣鲻Խزһ¡
ҵܷٻκζʿĻǣճһ㳹ɢ
ѹͯ·һڶʿ㲻챦ػߣͿͷаȸʱ
⣬ԪӤڵʿˣҲ˱ᡣ˵ԪӤʿ򲻹аȸ޷շҲûڵɱˣֻɢԣɱһôûУû˻Ը
ֻȸֵһ˲䣬ʱ˴ŮʿĿ⣬һֱվߵֶҲ۵֮ɫ
û취ʵ̫Ưˡ
аȸͯ·εؼŭϾȾ׼ƴƶٶȼ죬ȴжԷıЩʿµĴ֮С
󣡡߿ܵظߺһЩϵʿǶȻ任˷λӡزϼһֻֻ޴ޱȵƾճ֡
Щ֣ȫɣͿһֻۣĴ֡
һ֣ЩʿĿ£ֱаȸץȥаȸһʱ죬ץʵʵ
˾һ𣬸͵عԼԪЩֱø
ɵĺãͯ·Цһϵ̨һ˦ŨīЩŨīתۼûһ֧֧Ӳӵķɽסаȸȥ
ܵΣգȸĶԽԽϾ˺ɫĹâЩޱȵĴ֣һЩɫâȻȫ֧һѸʧ
˴Ŀȸ˫һչһȵ˾ͳͯ·˽·ȫٻɾƲس嵽ͯ·ǰ
ͯ·󾪣ʵû뵽аȸȻǿĹ̨һɨһڵķӱʶ˦õԼǰ
˻ڵķһײ֮£ȫɢˡ
аȸһûͯ·۾׼Щڿв񻪵ӣ˫һչһ˳Ϸȥ
˵ɫ䣬ظܵصĿֲ¶ȣ¶ȣֻҪ΢һ㣬Ծ³
λʦĪţߴһ漴˿ǷӴСӷֱӽǱߵĵС
˳˺ôһ֮󣬲ɢȰ߽Сջ֮ЩĵӲɫһɡ
ιδһܸܵԼıаȸʱŭ򲻶ϻӶ䣬һֲ˳˳һʱ񻪵æңߵҲСӣرǡ
ͯ·һߺаȸţһҲ÷ֳʶЩӣҪЩȫˣû˰ǣˡ
ɵʵȻͬ죡
Ÿʲôͯ·Щɵĵǣʱһ
ͯ·ôһ𣬵ǲͻȻӦæһֻֻ޴Ĵֳȸץȥ
࣬аȸҲǺǵģƬ֮аȸϵͻȻâƶȻ
ԱҪͷҵ𣡡ͯ·ˣæһԼǰҲЩҲһЩ
ͯ·󺰣Ȼ֪ô£ȴңָСӣͻȻԼԵС
ͯ·䣬ͼаȸһţһССĻֳ֮ɫûȥͯ·Ҳûйߣһ߼˹˹ȥ
⣬ûʲôȶȣǼĵӲһͳһЩԪֳȥ
ͯ·һҵô׵ֵôȥҲˡ
һССĻ磬ڿٷеʱ׾ٵͻͯ·ΪЩӲµķЩл磬ҲǺ޷Ӧת˲䣬λľǰ
ûκζûκֻ΢΢һ£漴һƬգͻȻÿһ
һĻ˶һڹսϴǷ˼
ʲôͯ·ۿЩڲĵҪùģаȸһֻҵ֮ǰϷսʱùһΣֻʣһˡע⣬ֻҪͷڷâҪʹҵףǰӶݱɣңаȸͷҵ֮󣬾ͻֱɢ
ⷭȻղŵһ˲ʧ˾Ÿӣɵֻ֪Ҫаʩչһҵͳ֮󣬴ʰġ
ͷҵаȸ¶˷˹ơ֪βЩ˸ߵĻԼػǧıûˡ
һս


084 
ʧȥһ˽ɵ󷨣ߴԽԽ࣬ȻԻûץסȸֻҪ΢΢һͷϵĺɫâ־ͻֱɢ
סһʱ䣬һʱ䣬ͯ·йĻᣬʺ̨ϲŨīɸָĹаȸȥ
սеͻȻ֪Ĵܳһֻޱȵľ֣⾫໽ţ״˿ûΪսĿֲȴ˾֮ϣӳ¿ȥһĽ̰֮ɫ
һͷ֣ƽʱаȸͯ·׵˽
ڲ֮£ͯ·ֻøߺһǱߵ񻪵ӣɱ֣
仰Ļᵢ飬˻ɵʱѾ½չɵķšϷԸͬʱͳ˹ȥ
͸ղŻ֪ôܿǱأȴû뵽ָԼᡣ
ٿޱȵľ֣ôôأ
ôһڳɵĵĻƤȥ˹ȥֶ͸նʱ͸Ĳ
ǿ֮ģͯ·΢΢һ͵ݣоλȥ֮ô
ͷֵʵǺǿᣬɾһͷ֣ɵ˾Աߡ
Ȼǰ棬ڱܵĹйһŲȳ˹ȥʮϴӣΧһͷ֣ʹЩϴһ׳һҲ⾫ֵܹġ
˾ԣһŷӦǰսһŤͷ¿ȥֻô˹ףи
ҪҪأЩ岻
Ťͷһϵսɵʿͯ·Ĵ£аȸƾУȫǲߣҿսĽ࣬Ҳһʱܽаȸ
ʱ򣬳嵽ԵľѾڼʮ˵Ĺ˺ۣзʵĺ
ҧҧ¶˾ģͬʱŲسȱȥ
ֶһֱߣ˿̼յأһʦСģ
ʲôŤͷȥͬʱһˣʱһŲȿգֱֱ׹ȥ
ʦܣĻֶʱʧɫһ㣬˶˳ȥ͵Ӱ׷ͬʱܷܷ֣ץס͡
ֶǱı飬׹µͿĲһ
ûҪɣʵڲŮеʲôˡûΪȴ׹£ǾԾһ֣ԼĸûõܲҪȵĵز
ͻȻıʣɵɫ䣬ԮֵʱѾˣֻؿͺֶһǰһس׹ȥ
̾˿ڼ׹ͬʱ뻳һԪֶȥ
һǿסֶ׹壬ȥ
ȵֶɳ֮ʣиۼֿʦ㣬һץסֶĽףӲؽӿ˻
ʦܡֶ˫Ŀ񣬹ھԣ¿ȥ
ʦáλֶʦļ򣬰οģ˵λʦշ
ô˵ɴҶ֪ƾһϴڵĵӣôӵշôصĶֻǸοĻˡңǸ¾ȵʦշ֮µ¶Ҳϴڵܹܵġ
֮һ仰ȥͱɡ
ֶھͬʧ˻һ㣬ɵɵض͵ĵطɫ԰ޱȡ
˵ʵڻеСжû˶˳̶ȣͲедһֱԱΪ˴ڲŷ֣˰һġ
ڲЩʱԼѾ׹óһʱˣǰĺ⣬Ǻ⣬¶ҲԽԽȡ
Ԫһɣ̫齣⼱ٵתֻͻȻ̹࣬뻳óֻصһף
ʱӴԼ·Լ׹ȵڱıϡ
һķֽԼֵʵʵԼָʾ£ֱֱ·ȥ
бڣҲ͸ðյԭ
Լû£ˡң㵽ʱԼշǸҲñԼܵ
ֱڣµıʲôûͯ·Ҳֻ֪һֱػڴ˵صаȸ
һֱ·ãǰĺͻȻʧͬʱһ˸оֲ¶¶ȣΪڵıЩܲˣҪθ߷ߡ
΢΢һ£¶ȻԼоΣգ岢û̫ķӦ̫齣Ĳת£һĻ˴˵صĻ徹ȻӦš


085 
Ѿˣǲܿʲô˵ʲôҲߵġ
ñֵӴȻһָ·ԹԵ䵽˵ϡ
ӦþǾȵˣŤͷȥֻޱ߼ʵĺɫɳ˵ؾȻһľһݶڡ
̧ͷһۣԼͷϼʮ״Ũĺɫ壬ɽȣ˿硣
ɫܲʱʱشӺ﷢һЩĽܾһ㡣
Ҳ޿ɺǣǱԵǻŨľȣȻˡ
ǣأͿһۣȵķΧܴ󣬾ȻǺɫɳûбӰ
бķػ̫齣ҲڼתţȻоȣɲܡ
룬ͻϥĿתķ
ԪھеתٶԶκʱ򣬽أͻȻãԵ¶ȷ·𽵵һЩ
֪Ⲣ¶ȽͣԼ¶Ӧˡ
̫ˣϴڵΪ˵¶ȸǲܵģΪ˵㣬ͲŸȷϣ̫齣⣬ΪЩרŴķ
Ҳֻ̫齣⣬ԼôٵӦ¶ȡԼڵԪҲܿЩؼ
ЩؼսԽԽ࣬ҲԼӦ¶ԽԽд⡣
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֮£ڵһ
һ³ɵĵҺڵ֮УȻϣԶûǰԪ󣬿̺ȴ粻Ԫܹȵˡ
ټϻ𾢵룬ڵĵҺǰĵҺϾҪࡣ
ܹظܵԼƾеĻ𾢣Ҫ֮ǰࡣֻһ𾢾Ϳسʧʹָ
֮ʶ֮Ҳǰǿܶ࣬һ£ʶſ
ԭΪԼֻܿ̽ԲķΧҲһͨսΪʿʶܹǵķΧ
ɵͽʶչһ˲䣬ԲʮﷶΧڵĶһسԺС
УҡҷСϪˮ


091 Ҫɵĸ
֮£ջʶ
ѵ̫齣ⲻܹܶԼԪ񲻳ɣ˰죬ֻܽԭ̫齣֮ϡ
Ԫǿ󣬶ʿĺôʤ
ʿʹʱҪľԪ֮˵ڵʿһǵʵ޷ֱշУֻܽһЩзڿƷзʱʶͱռࡣ
ϵʿܹһ߿ƷУһ߿һҲΪʲôϵʿܹԪϵԵʣǰЩٸͯͮȻⲢԣЩʿĹרԪ֮Ҫ㣬ܹͬԪˡ
Ԫǿ󣬲ʹռ˱ˣڴʱҲܽʡʱ䡣̶ȵطӳ
ڵĹƣԼǿԪϡΣյ飬ΪԪĻǺΣյ顣
ԪĪرǿʵ͵֮⣬ȻѾﵽڣڴĻС
ܳ˲®⣬һУӲ®ڷɳͣǰ˲ѡ
̤ϴһָǰкȵ𡣡
һ䣬ҡҡλεطͶȻθߡ
ôûУЩ˰Цһ£Ҳûţһ߿ŴУһϤŲ֮
ڿԼˣ˵бڣԼҲŷɣɱϾ̫ۣϽ֮еûʲôһϽǱ˿Ͳ̫ˡ
һܹͿ˷˺þúþá
أԽԽƬ̣;ܹ˫֣ȵվڴϣƾĿĵɽת
ٶȺܿ죬һķзҪһߡ
СգͲŹһ񫣬һŤͷһ۲®´ͷ˱
Լ·񾲵شӲ®һҹ㡣
ͶԱ˴֣˳ؽСֵ˹һͲȵϡ
ĳ߳Ľ˴´ֻ࣬Ͳ֪Լڵʵܴܲ˷Уһ
ñվǰ棬§Сʶ֮ȫʩչȻȵط
ͻǲҷ̫ߣҪȻһ⣬Լȥܴˡ
ͬʱԼڵԪҲڼʧû취˷ҪķѵԪǺӴ
ۿԼԪǿľȻܹɵش˷еĵزҲϲǳ
Ŵٷɸ߷ɿһЩʱǼ·Ȼ
͸Ͻһ·ȥ
ȿȣбҪԼ·ҪȻٷ飬϶Ҫй
űãͲδطɻ˲®ǰ
ĬĬԼɢҵ㷢־վﲻˡ
߽˲®ڣͿϰڷŵĶгѡ
ϴɱ񻪵ˣʵõһЩм͸ϡ
ãͲŴҳٸģҲǰϵġ
һõһ꾵оǲϼΡ
꾵ǰʱԼоһ㣬Ѿֱʹˡ
ܴ𣬱ҪڵУԪһӣʹá뵽㣬ҧָһѪҺϣ漴һƬâʱ漴սڣýС
ʣµľֻвϼˣȽ鷳ٸıȻٸѾɢڷϵĽƻڣԼҪĨƣʹ
ٸʵͻûĨµĽƣԼڵԪ֮Ҳһԡ
ͲϼȻǲķǲΨһĶ˵кܶ࣬ɽ磬ҲôصʱԼóȥʹõĻӦҲûܻٸ֮Լйϵ
Ǹ꾵;õСʹòǡҪȻ񻪵˷֣϶鷳
ŲϼΣͽͶУȻмƣ΢΢̽һ£Щϲط֣ƲǿԼڵԪ֮ȫƽֻҪһЩʱˡ
㻨ʱ䣬ͲŽϼϵĽȫĨױ֮վŷۺɫϵһѪս˵֮
վ˸ŤͷЩ߰Ķ߹ȥȫսС«ڡ
ۣȻԼ˯һĸоԴ;û˯ˣھȻͷĨ˵Ľȷʵ˲Сľ
Ťͷ룬ͺضԱ֣Ȼһɵ˴ϡ
ͷ·һֻСèƵأ͵ĻУʱʱգ۾
˵ζʹ㣬Ƭ֮˳˯֮С


092 뷨
ɽɸ֮Уֳִںͱݣ׳·ɣشӿһ֧֧Ϭıǹұƶٶȼ죬ʱʱشܵߣƾӴײ
һ֮Щ´һָ漴һƨϣ˼Լĵʧ
ԴӽΪ֮һŬջһҲͱС
ֻΪȻǱĶ֣һеĻȫ⣬ȻܺͱƾС
һʼʱͻñ˼ʵſܹϬĹʱţԼڻԽԽ֮ͷԼȻܺͱƽˡ
أñһͷųԼʵ˽죬ָ£Ѿĵ˶Դ
Ǳǹһ֧Ƕ͵Ҫģƺͻ𾢵赲£ȫ޹Ļ𾢣ֻҪһǹܽڻһ롣
ˣԼϻǱһ£ļͺ⣬˵ĵطڲûͷĵطͱ赲ֻһЩѪˡ
͵ȻɵΪƾԼһΪֵܹΪĹˡԼܹƱıǹһ棬һԼʶ֮ҲƽͬʿҪǿ󼸱Ĺܷӳܴһ㣬ȻʿɹֶαϾ̫һʿ
Ȼʵϲˣںе㽹ǡ
ԭԴԼɹΪ֮󣬾Ȼ޷̫齣ˡ
ķϵķ˵ԼѾɹͨһȻҪתķ֮ʱԪֻѾͨĽѹȥѨλ
һɻ󣬲ܳѨλѾԼ֮·ҲζԼΪнֻͣһ㡣
ʹʧɫչ˰Ѱҽ֮ȴһ
Ȼټȥ̫齣⣬ķתֻԪѾͨˡ
ң𾢾Ȼգգǰյĸ٣һЩ
ǵģǼʣԼĽ·Ҫֻ𾢣һ첻ոΣ͡
˽죬Ѿ֪Լ֮ˣΪͣͲڻԽԽ࣬ѾŨզĵزˡ
ԭĻ𾢣Ҳڳɫת䣬һҵ
Լûиоʣֳʵĸо
ñ͸ԼС«ߵ˲®Զĵط
С«ӰΣͻеѡ
̫齣רΪؼѾʣԼĹУҲӡ֤ԭģ뷨
Լڵ״̬Ҳܲ²⵽һԭ
Ȼҿ϶ʮа˾žˡ
ԼԺеǸˣʮзӡÿӦһ֡
Լڲ̫齣⣬Ǹйϵ
ΪѾͨĻ𾢲࣬ûдﵽ͵ı׼Բ޷̫齣⡣Ҫ취ֻոĻ𾢣ֱҵýеĻ𾢱ˣȻټȥ
ǸðգҲܴ󵨵뷨ҵǰԵԣ͵տһС磬ֻ΢΢һ㳹ĨɱټһƬΧڵľŸʿ
ԵĻͲİ
̫齣Ѿ̶ֳˣҲǿĻʵ̫ϧο͸ûԷΪĹĴ㡣
ԣֻðһԡͷһ;ԽԽ
˽죬;ԼбҪһˡҪȻ϶Ϊִħϡ
ȻҵԵޱȣҲǺްգʱյĻ𾢲ǰյģ٣ԼǽѾܹӦ¶ˡȻҵȻҪԵʱֻҪܲһʩټСģӦòΣաټ̫齣ķԭͿЩ͸ˡ
ע⣬ñȸԼͷһԷ֣ȻߵԶԶģóһԪԼϣʱһɫĹâ
漴ſ³һֱڵеĲϼΣġ
ĺƣҲ൱ǿķá
һУСؼһȷûʲô©ģһȣȥ
һĨС«С«ֱӷ͵Ŀ£ԶԶ뿪м׵ľ롣
԰ȫǾµľۣҲľ롣


093 ҵ
С«ԴӱӲƴŷϵΪԾѪշ;ܶٿˡ
΢΢һԶڼС«˳һССĿ׶Ƭ֮һڵĻ綸Ȼں«Ϸҡҷѡ
ʿ֮ɫҵʹո˵Ҳ˿
ٻС«׸ԶվŵıһһŴһŲϼΣǱ˹ȥ
Դҵ֮ɽе¶ȣ·ͶȻ࣬ǱߵСҲһƬð˿˿
ʮףʮףߵĻһһޱȡ
ôʱĻ𾢣һʼоʲôȶȡǰžҵԽԽͻеȵĸо̫齣ٴתһɹתɻ𾢣˽֮С
ҵֻа׵ʱͲòͣһСػ磬Ȼеٲάĸо
ˮܶ£ҵڵƬطľԿݣ涼ֳһĺɫȫһڻ״̬
̫齣ķٵתٴμᶨǰһСÿһӡ£ʪĺˮ漴ɾ
ðΣͲſǰʮҡһԪĵøɸɾ֪ѾԼļˣǰߣڵ״̬Կġ
һʹӻ˵ؽ𵤣Ԫ漴˫Ŀһкȵ⣡
ԭӡеĻ𾢣ȻԪӿ˳һ˲䣬͵ļ˳֮ɫ·ðܻƵءڻ𾢴ܳͬʱԪҲƽʱٶš
֮£ֻоԭȶȻỺ࣬΢΢һ٣漴˲ٴγҵ˹ȥ
һΣߵĺܿ죬ԭյĴΪ̣ԵҵĿˡ
һֱߵҵǰվͲһ
ߵͳɹһ롣ȵĸ֮£ԭͷŵıԻ鿪ȫֱҵ
ҪñʿҪһصӡԪӤڵʿҲֱҵ
ˣԷپҵǰֻһûκη
ŵĴûκα仯ƷʲĲϼΣ֮ͲҳɣϽϼսڣ¶𻵡
ǰһ֮ҵͲŴ֣Ȼš
ûκβʵĸоֻеȶѡ
ֱڣͲŷһֱŵġ
Ͻҵǰϥ£Աߣһŵؽ𵤲ڼĵԪһִһԪҵذš
·ĿƵأҵڲϵضţҪԪȫȫؿ£һСҵôɵѣأҵظƽҲˡ
΢΢һЦ˸һţһͣŵҵֱС
ǺΣյľٶͲ˿ģͷԪҵţȻǣ֮С
һ˲䣬ڵĵҺͺϲĶһ㣬ȫӿҵܱߣڲѡ
֮£ȻЩ죬ɶȴûгɡ
ŵڵĵҺһδεسҵȥͬʱſԪҵ
һСҵڵҡҷζͻҳ壬ʼձҺΧţŵҺÿһγҵĹᰵϼ֣ҺȴһɹӴĻ𾢡
ЩյĻ𾢣ڱԴϸǰĻһȴǰĻ𾢸Ӿӿ񱩣ƻ
֮󣬱ڵҵɴСջɵǹʧ
ԭɫĵҺ˿̾Ȼһںڵɴڵ˷ܲѡ
񣬰̫齣ķתÿһתὫյĻ𾢴ڽԪӡ
һҵḶ́Զ͹ƵҪõĶࡣ
ǰºƣЩ𾢵ʱ򣬶һ죬ͿˡΣֻһСػ磬ȻӲԼ˰ʱ䡣
ڣһûֻȫת̫齣ķ
֮󣬵չ֮һµͽı仯˷ܵĲ㵸
һСػ磬ȻӲؽеĻһΡ̺ĿֲƻͰԵԣͶ
˻֮еĻ֮ԵظоȷʵʵһЩ
ԼĲ²ûֻѾͨڵĻ𾢱ˣԼܼ̫齣⣬ͻͣͲǰΪ


094 п͵
С«ղ֪˶ҵÿһСҵ𣬶ͺķѰµʱ
ÿһ֮ͶظܵԼı仯
ҺԽԽԽԽͣڴصԪԽԽӴ󣬾ʶ֮һſܸǷԲʮķΧ
һʿʶ֮Խǿܷӳ͵Խǿ
ڵ䲻˵ͨ˺ЩͼĵӦòԼʲôˡ
ʱ䣬ʮҵˣԼѾͨȻƻҪЩ˵Ļ𾢣ûдﵽ͵ļ
Ҳʱȥһ̫齣ʼ޷
ͿЦӣ̫齣ǸĹԼһ첻ιˣһ첻ܼȥ
С«ڴصҵһЩԼֻõһѣţֻҪԼܽеҵ϶ﵽ͵״̬
ǡԼҵǽҵأ
ԴӰǰɹҵ֮;֪ԼԺ֮·ؼˡ
ЩôѰٵģ
ǻԵɺϣС«շҵһأûҵԼΪͬ޷ٽ
ӣԼԺ񣬾ǵȥѰҸָؼˡ
ھ֪һ֣ͰԵҵ֮£ǡǸطڵԼȥ˵ģûԪӤڵΪȥ
һɸб쳵޷жԼڵʵʲô̶ȣҲֻںͱֵʱŻжϳһ
ƽ״̬£ڵԼȫԺͱƽ֣˿·磬ӡҲ˵ԼһΪܺһЩͨʿġ
һеĻ𾢽⡭ûԹҲԣ»˺
̶ȣҲʱҵԵʡ
ʶ֮ǿܽƺͷȫӳǿ󣬿һЩƽĹļͣڴ˴Ԫ

ϽĳһϽɫĴ״ڸ߿мٷţһɵٸվǣǴһĨ˵΢Ц
ٸԱߣһͷؤһͷȣһͲʲôƷ
ιģٸһԱߵؤؤأԱߵɴӿԼĽѾӣһƬҵ顣
ٸˣҡҡͷһһؤǡ
ղŻɵؤһĿⶼ峺̧ͷʵˣô
ûǧû·ˡ㿴Сӵɸʲôطٸ˵
ؤվĴһ漴ָһǱߣٷСվͿˡ
ٸ˵ͷܷܷһڼٷеĴȻת˸ֱֱɸȥ
ˣⶼǧȥˣʹϽɸҲʧ˰ɣؤϥʵ
ǲʧҲ֪ӦϽûҪȥǸСУ
⵹Ҳǡˣ˵ɵǲСӸɵġؤ漴ʵ
Ӧòǡٸؤһۣɿʧ˺üΪʿʹСӸһǧľ飬ΪҲ̶ֳȡ
룬ٸЦţŤͷһؤһ֣סؤĶ䣬һƬǳЦȻٿǮ˸飬ǻ˼ȣ
ؤ
ھͰȥٸҧгݵ˵
ǸɵӣǸɵӣؤ߶漴һ䣬ԭ峺ֱɵŤͷٸֺǺǵЦţһֺõı顣
ˣٸҲֻÿЦɿ֣µһƬ顣ϧķԪʶ߻ħԼ˻ɵĿ»ԼԼǵþˣ
ҲΪ˵㣬ԼŲòѳʦţΪޣչΡԼĹа覴úͿǷ˵ĵطһԪͻɢΪˡ
Ťͷһͷؤٸ΢ᣬɽбӣȻԹԡ
С֮ٸǰڳһеϤɽȡ
ԼһΣû뵽ǧȥˣȻûʲô仯״ķ£ٸһ֣СȻ䵽ؤС
վɽǰٸ΢΢һϤϢѵøֳһĨ͵ЦݣſںСӣ￴ˡ


095 ޷
ڲ®ڴʱһ
ǿʶȻ֪ʿ߷Ͻ֮гʿҲʲô˵飬Ҳû⣬ֻΪǹ·ġ
ھȻֱԼ֣⣿
Լû֪˭
Ͻ˹߳®˵ķȥƬ֮ӡͿЦá
ȻǣְԼֻǺǴҴչһѣ֮òҲиı䣬ô֪Լģ
ɻɻͻǷſɽеĽơˣͲģûʱ򣬾ͺˣǰҲһѰ̽ա
λɡӶ˵
ٸ̽һǰ漴ؤ粽ǰʮףʱǰľŤɽԭӳ˵С
ٸЦվͲԲؤץϵĴ볯ţ򷢵㿩
СӲٸ΢۾һһЦ䶼ŷ֣겻ȻΪˡ
ܸȰϼ˫֮£ΪȻ˫˫ˡ
˵ʲôءٸϸֳһĨ죬ֵ˵
ôӣָԵؤʵ
ؤѾߵǰˣϵĴ룬һ߶ţ򷢵㿩
Ҳ֪𻵵ǣͷԺ»ܽ⡣ٸؤЩȻ
͵˵ͷǰλպѣͷҲпǧʱҿɶԪӤڵʿû뵽ȴȫҪͷ
ҵҪȻһֱᷳ㡣ٸԱ߼˸ʯͷӸͣһѽסһ£С«һһƷʯϣȻŵؤС
һ죬ٸȥʱסС졣
ؤ̵ؽʯץϣһɵЦ
ͣƷʯٸ˼ؿͣǲʹʲôǼٿǮҪ顣
ĳ̫ˡ֪ʲôʯǸǵģǵİɡ
Ŵԣٸŷֵصһۣͷ⻹ࡣ
Ʒʯٸ⣬ڣ䵽أһƷʯ˵Ѿܹˡ
λȽ˵ɡŤͷһؤֵóһ㡣Ӳ˵
ٸ˵ͷһؤϣؤ峺֮ؤʱһЦǰݺݴ¡
ý®ڣժ˼ϴɾ˾ϥڵ
ڿпǵʱ;֪ǵˣϾ£ûĸؤ߻һɫٸοؤ߶ǧ겻̨ʡ
ֻʱʵ̫ͣԼ޷ԼȫҲ޼¡
ٸȫΪӰ¹һλϣɫΪɽһŮĽ߲ʤö١
ؤˮޣҲò˰쵱һӡλˮ޵ʱ֪˭˸ģҪȥ׷Ӱ
ָһĳֻǸɢ޶ѣȴ¹ϣ˵ݾͲƥ䡣ܵ¹ǰһԷθĸ֮ȴ߳ŭĻ˳ȥһʱΪɽЦ
ɳֲ٣ƹ¹ɽţֱܵ˻ĶǰػţֻҪһл㣬һô
Ƥ֮񣬳ҲǸˡ;̾硣
Ҳ֪˶꣬һֱפ
һգӰʱ߻ħңֲǻһܴ֮ƽ˶ĽƣȥԪʶ߻ħıԵ˻
ǳԼʶ𣬾ͱСһΪԼؤϲָܻǡ
ӰһǸжһҲΪ˱ͳֺϼ˫ޣ϶Ӧ
ҲǸϵŮӣֱɣ£ͳֽΪ򸾡ʱɽʿΪ޷򸾡
ڵֵķ꣬¹ҲΪ𡣿ǼڻĹκ覴ã¹ֻܷβܡֻ˽Ϊϼѵһ죬¹Ҳͬʱɡ
Ȥ£ҲЦ棬յĵεθͷһζ
ʵ˵㵱߻ħǲǸֳɧйϵбʵ
ɲ˵ֶʱˣʲôɧţҸͶϣ˧Ůһԣ
ֻԱЦЩ֦չ


096 ج
Ƭ̣˾ǧı仯пǧ
ˣô֪ҵģʳԼһֱɻ⡣
ͳֶһۣͬʱһĨǳſ˵ޣ˵ɡ
뻳óһͰ͵ƬƬֻһ˵ĲӰ˱۾ڵϣһ̬
ͽӹһʱ¶Ц֮ɫƬϵ˾ԾԼҿ϶Ǳ͵ĵġ
ֻǿƬϵĻе񵱳סǼӡ
ӯţ͵ԺлŮա
ƬģͶųʵ
ǰ꼻һֲ֣˵Լʲôݣ˾һֱšϾ㵱ʱı֣Ѿ֪ݵġֿ˵¹ȥû£һŮƬУѯʡ˿ˣȻύһ֪Ǹ˽͡Ҳ֪Ǹ˾Ȼ㣬Ҳһ˸
Ů˳ʲôѿʵ
۾ͷò˵ȷ˵ѷһȴһȻ̬֮
ţ˳һ˵
͵ıشһ¡˧֮ôôȻԶ׷˿С
·ӯҲвһ֣Ͼŵֱҵģֻнϵ׼ȷ׷鵽һ˵
ڻͳΪǰǾ֪Լиɸ
λǽΪʲôͽƬڵϣ̧ͷʵ
㾡УǷһ飬ծġ㷢˵
ʲôծͿЦһ
Ҫ㣬ڿѾ˽ˡȻĹϵܣһġ
²Ҳաæ˰֣ҲӦ֪ʿͷ֮вԽĺ蹵
ȻѾķţҲ㲻ʲôˡֲ
ҲʿҵûдĹϲ뾭Ĺ̡
뼸ʮ󣬺ۻãʿɻǵģҲΪʲôʿͷʲôԵʡ
Ȼô˵Ǿû취ˣֻǰһԸѣΪǷ򸾻ð̤ϽѰôȻѾѾˡЩŭһѳֵߡ
ȵȡһſڣɫʵղǻʲô˼
˼ɼСǻ˶ˡ㵭˵š
ҲһȻؽӿ˵һˣѾٲȥһۣԺûˡ
͵ɫʱЩ԰ˣվԭ˰βʵλֶΣû취ô
ͨ˵ð죬ƫƫСѾͷ壬šҲжʮˣǴ޽ҪһƬ̬˵ķ·Ƶء
壿Ҳһ
ǵģһʼҲûǷ򸾵Ϊ֮ʱŷֵġ
ϢҲ֪ͷʲôζ
ǰסСĵεΣζɿڵķˣ΢չˣΣչͷŷܲԼ嵲סѩĽһĨǡ
ģȻЩ΢سۡ
ȥҿԺôЦ˵
仰ʵͣԸʲôŮҲ֮
ϸƬ̣ŵͷȥɡ
ô˵Ҳһ棬ԸţԼ̫ˡ
ͶˡչһЦ
λԵƬ̣ȥȥ˵߳˲®
ô˻ᣬ͵͵˻һۣˣƭ֪ʵ᲻
ʲôⲻҲΪ˻ô˵ˣҲΪã֪ʵǸлǶء
⵹Ҳǣľֵ߰Ľ֮⡣
ôﲻôбˮһۡ
ٺ٣ôأУԶӡ
⻹࣬СҲá
߳⣬͵͵ؽɸгɹͲҩȫװС«档
γ޷ǸԵһʼҲû׼߳ɸǼȻˣҲ׼ڶʱڻˡ
ԼһԱʵҪԭԼѰһЩؼΪԺ׼ҪȻһҵˣ޷ټˡ
ЩɹͲҩݶ㣬ԺԼûȥϴóܾţǾ͸ˡ
Ƭ֮ͻص˲®˵߰ɡ
޷׳ǸϽ룬˫˫棬򻽳ԼĴһͬɳɽȡ



 ʦͽ


097 ټ
ǣңͷɵĺܼ
⻹Լһ˵һˣǸŮˡǣҵĸо΢ᣬҲʵǺܲܣÿÿŲģԼǾȻ΢΢һЩˮ
ЦҡҡͷԼչôãԭΪն֮ǰڷǣһУû뵽ֻԼһԸˡ
ǰ֮侭ĵεΣѾӽԺ֮УصҲзһ졣
âһڣһϽϽпٵطš
վϽɫеĻƴش߶Ԫͷ侹Ȼ˿˿ĺˮ֣ţСӣǲʲôôٶô죿
ǰҲǲ죬ǷʹһȻֻǿٶȡǧǰûô͡
ˣֻһΪѡ߷߲ѣ˫ӣâڴ֮ϣٶһ
һ죬ֱʱ֣˲гԣ˸˵Ľ併
㣬ǰ·ͽսڣŤͷˡ
Ȼᣬҷ򸾶ҪָƬ̡һۣͳ־͵ϥ
֮˲վ˼ؿһۣвֹ
Ҷһ˸ոȥģΪʲôƫƫСӷһĲģҪ֮СӵʲôԵȻһΪܹӵôӴԪ
Ȼɻ󣬿ɻȴûѯʡ
ǸЩСУǰûһ仯ǰ·ͺͳָں档
һСʱһƬָһߵķӵˣԼȥɡ
ǰͨķӣƻͨȴޱȣΧ˼ҵγǿҵĶԱȡ
һԼȻؿһ
йɳصĸоͲ֪Ҫټŵʱú˵ʲô
ŮˣţȴΪ˼ɼʮ͵˴ޣ׷ԭԴԼϡ
ʮԶľ룬Լ˺ܾãԺвϻźֱʱһĻŵĿధһֱڶ߻ص
ѡһЩأ
΢ЩĴš˴ţڵһжܼӺ࣬Ʈһʳζ߻һϤغš
üͷɻŤͷȥȴʲôҲûпղŻվĳ޷򸾣ŵĨͲ֪ȥˡ
ԼͷͿЦ߽С
ŵʳζ;֪Լ϶򸾸ˡ
û˵ĸڴ޽ʱ򣬻һߺСһ˵ġ
ߵſڣһϤӰӡ͵С
Ǹ欷ӰǺǰһΧų£վڹԿֵ˵Ůˡ
һͷڵ㷢ɢ£Ķ΢΢ڶţвֹʳζϵ㽻ڡ
ֻ겻ȷʵһЩ
ͿţؿţиһĨܰ飬ָоǰǺưȻ䣬üͷһʶչɨһȦʱɻ
̾˿ǳͰԹʢһ˫Сš
תһɲǣŵӡһϤЦǸˣǸԼҹµˣǸԼǣҶǲϧ׷еˣǸʧˣڳſڣϴҰһµ΢Цָ֪ܵԼ˸к
ּˡЦ˵
һǰһȻģ˰Σ֪ⲻΣֳˡ
ϵˮԼĲɢɢһضǡȴо̣ĵĻϲͼķģ嶼ůġ
ΣԼǺټʱȥ浽һ̣Լȴʲô˵
㡭ҪôǿſҪˮŬϵĴƽʵʵ
촽˹ȥϵ˹һ˸׳졣
㣬̡żæ˵
ãûǵķݰ֪ʱͳҲ߽У˰ռŲڴ󺰵
еģĨһ۽ǣϽ˳ֽƳ˳ҲȥǱţҸʢ


098 ľ
һڳæµУʹ𵶵ڲλбŻͳ֡
˺ٺٵظЦţһĲɡ
尡Ű˵˵ľ͸Ƶء
ٺ١죬¶ڰⲻûôô˵һô
С֪ôһ츳ڣɫŮ׷׷꣬˼Ҳסɱ̵Ľˣ㻹ʲôһĵòȻΪﲻ֪Сһӻˮӿ
һһԸܿ϶Ƕ֣ϽЦ첻ԡ
ɫһɫʵλΪʲôϴΪˣǰֻڸķš
ͳֶһۣæ֣ͬǿɲ֪㴫ڵĴķűЧҲ˵
ֻǴĻֻʶûϴΪ粻ɵż
˵ɫټϸղüҼĨģͼԶ϶žʲôĹ
͵Ĺ¹һѡ
Թ¹ֻŮӣҪߣȻкܶʺŮõ
ֻ㵽ڸʲôãŹʹˣΪʲôء
˵ŻѾӳｫ˳һǰһ룬Լû˿нߣϵʧȡ֮κҸ֮ɫ
˵ʲôأЦؿʵķ飬Ͷһ㶡
˰ԭŮӾֻ֮ɫ˹֮ĺʹ飬Ϊһʿֵס
ûʲô͸Ͻ
ټ͵ԵʣŻر࣬ǰ˳񾲣һ鶯
УҲ֪
Ͳżзӯæ׷鵽͵һ˿٣žС
֮ͺͳ޷˵Ĳˣһ͵ĵƬѯʣձ˿Ҳ֪͵֡
һֱͳ޷һ
ţǲʲôΣץסῪʵ
ôŴӾóһʯʯһƺߴš
ȥʯһʶ̽Уһбų޷ˣͳָϽͷ
ľʶʯ̽һȦͶʱɫ䡣
ʯǱͲ洢һΪľ
ôЩֵʵ
ֹͶŻ㣬ֱ׹
ǲǺŸϽʵ
Ūʯûлش𣬷ʵ
Ǵ·߼񵽵ġ
񵽵ġ;ԼǶڳ鴤¹Ϲ֮һľʲôʱ䵽ͼ񵽵ĳ̶ˣ
ҡסŵ°ͣĿضŵĺɫͫס
ŵСʱޱȣڷ̣һ˫ߵøϽԴ
û˼ֻΪ͸Ͻڽ͵
มЩʧ̧ͷǿװ򶨵سͿȥ
ĿԽ֮£ʶȻųһ˲䣬ֻֻԭڵͫףȻ˲ˮһ㵴ˮǿ͵ʶ뽫
أĩˮȻ˷ۺ֮ɫƬƬһֻԼһɲ׹һԴ֮أ˱ǵ㣬
ˣСȷʵкˮһͫͻȻĻĴɫһʶ˻ʱ۵Ļȫʧ
һҡͷЦѡ
û˫ͫΪľô
㣬Ȼ괫¹ľҪͫ£ͫþͫɱʧߣ񲣬ɱӰ֮Уˮһ֮ͫѡʯΪʲôֻǰķأҲʵ
ĶָôЦţľȻ¹Ķķ¹϶еģѾǽЩûϵ
ԣʱпЦѡ
ȻǽɺôҲ¹ĳϣ͸¶ľǰĹʹӦã˺ҲȻҲΪʲôϴڸŹԭ
ֻǲϧѵһͫԺҪʲô飬ɵõûϵּ


099 ͫ
ң֪˶ôʵ
ã
¶ѣ
仰ûͰѵ˵ԼڸŴķ֮ʱͿʺҲû뵽СѾͷʾȻ˳ڡ
ֻʱ䣬ϴΪⲻ˲ţˡ
һ꣬ҲǰͫģȻΪչô죬Ҳֲи˽ʱйϵгĽ֮⣬ʵ˵ĸҪο࣬Ժ·ϵĿҲٺܶࡣ
Ҳǣʿһھһʱ䣬ﵽʱ򣬾ͻѡʵĹˣ˭Ҳһǽʱ䡣
˻ĻŤͷһۣôĳƲĿ⣬Ųûܣ󷽷ضЦһ¡
ˣ˵ˡ˷ͷ˵ȥϽ㣬һΪ˻顣
λ㲢ûдҲ
һ棬ҲΪšͳֶһۣ㴫ķţɽ磬ԺҲöΡ
仰˵ĴƤҲе㲻̫Ȼ
˵ˣû϶໰Ҫ˵Ƿ˾Ͳˡ㡰Цţų־¥֮ǰƲһۡ
ȵֻʣ˵ʱһ³ʪҲ֪ÿڸ˵ʲôֱоƨɵ̴
ʱô˰죬Ͳſһ䡣
áص֮󣬾һֱһ𡣵Ҳ֪˹Ĳ¡
ӣԼоеԲסţСӷܲԼ嵲סѩĽ֮ԼûʲôлľٶĵƲߵˡ
һʵڲˡ
Ժ󡭡ŪǰС룬гε˵ǻߵĻǰ˵һٰŪιȥ
̾˿֣ŵԴϣࡣ
ģǸʱǱΣԱʵûСڲͬˣҲʿһ˵ĶԣȻҰɽȦӣԺȻչһ
ӣԴϴֵůͺʵҲ̲סર
͸뿪ڵǸȴһѽĴץȻſС죬ݺݵֱҧһڡ

ãŲɿ͵֣˲Լ۽ǵˮЦһġ˵֮󣬾ͱıشվʰȥˡ
ȵæ꣬СӸޱȵͣ¥һڣиϵ̨ƽʱŴĵط
ʿ˯˾һ̨ͬϣһ죬һߴ
㻹׼ȥɽôڵҹУǰʵ
һҪġ͵˵ͷԼһΪ㱻ѩһˣһʿ˵ֱκδҪǿңǲҲΪˡ
ܴùǸŮôգ۾ЩȲʵ
Ӧÿ԰ɡԸԼڵʵͽ𵤳ڵʿ·磬ȻǰǱҪҵ𾢵İС
ҪҪȥɽǸŮץһ٣ЩΨ²ҵ˵
͵Ƥһ£겻ôܸоűడǰǷľ͵ûˣȡ֮ǻú͵ƤߣӣǰֻӴû֣
˵ô򵥡ͷ˷ۣܴĹǸŮû˼ɽɲֹһŮˡСģܳϵģʱҿӦˡ
Щĵ˵ǵܴ꣬ĹЩϵ˵ˡǲǳ˵ӱʮ겻ô
ͺ̽ɽ֮£¥һڣҲֹѡ
ˣûľִܸͣʵ
ڸʲôЦȵʱȻ֪ôˡ
⵹Ҳǡֵ˵ͷȻ˵ľߣʵһﵽ壬ͱ˺ϼ˫޲ܽɽ𵤣Դ֮޷ټǷˣŶǿָСľ̬һɲһһСʵﵽ֮ǰǹ֮ҵʹˡ
˵Ҳǡüţľ¹Ϲ֮һҪȴ̡ͬܿ˵ʲô취Сʵû֮ǰ˼أ


100 ʦ
ҪֱӸ˵ˡ
Ƕû˼㷭˸ۣ˰Խ˵Խ룬Ϊﲻ֪
ָɿҲͷ⵹Ҳǣˣô죿
ˡһתֹ˼䣬˶ʱЦ
ʱһСӣעһ¾ͳˡҲܰС˦ͣԼȥˡ˵
ΰ̾˿Сͫ⽫¼ľǰĹͲ·񵽡
ȴû뵽СΪչô졣Źľ̬ԽԽģҲԽԽˮģͬŮ˵Ļ㣬ʱŲ̬֮ʱҲ̲סȥѣǲˮ
ʲôаħţ϶ġ
ڵʵԱһϴʿ˵ںģҲֻεؽˡ
ȵڶһ磬žͱ˳ȥϸضһ˻һ֮󣬺ִܾٲʵ㣬𣿡
ԹĻûѵһֱôϵһҲˡ
ǡŻǳޱȡ
ûʲôǵģ֪㵣ʲôϿҵȰţǲͨˣʿֶʲôֲŮֲΥ֮¡ҹദ꣬㻹㲻ģʱȻˮˡ
𣿡ʵ
Ȼģƭʲô簮šһŵıӣǶǧǰʿ㣬ǧ֮ǰе棬иΪϼѵءɽ磬ЩǺͨ顣
ű˵ɫߺ죬ͷԼ䣬첻
ɵѾͷҲΪ˱㡣ȰǸʵûﵽ֮ǰǲġǲϵ֮ô㣬ҲΪ˼ɲҶˡ
㣡һڣʹ˶š
ߵı鿴Ļһ㣬Ͻתƿͫ׵ߣȰסĹ֮ǰԲ֮ǡһ壬Ҫɽ𵤣ͱ˺ϼ˫޲ųɡ룬Ǹ϶Ѿѡˡ
ű˵죬ɬˡ
ȥɣ㶼Ϊ׼ˡԱóһ̣ð㽫ϣһѡ
ҧ촽ŶվԭƬ̣ջҧҧһ¥ȥ
ѾӴȥžͱƿˣŶ˽Сǲɫ
ôˣͺеֵʵ
ûûʲôŸϽҡͷ̷ԱߣȻȡһݸ͵ȿڲڰɡ
Ŷллͽӹһںȸɾȴֶ˳һ˹һ
ЩɻؿţЦЦǲʲô˵
ûʲô°ǿһˡŻæ͵
һˡͰ˰֡
СǡҵĹأÿÿ˶Ҫܳšڳ
ôֵĹأô֪ǰϰߡȻô˵ţͻֽӶ˹ȫȥЦеؿŵڿ˵˵ʲôҪҰæ˰ɣ
ͷϵıӺ̶ŵһߣȻãǰվ˵ʦѺȣʦͽһݡ
˵֮󣬾ӯӯȥ
һϽ뽫ŷȴû뵽ͻȻһɫʴֱ;˹
ȻϵǻıҴӲʴĹҲûж⣬ֻһʴ˻ȥɻǱʴصİϣӲؿʩϡ
⴫Ĺʴվſڣؿ͵Сӣһľͽ˰ϲɺء
ǣûͽܰͿЦãһῴǰţһῴ㣬ʵʲô
ʦ趼ˣʦҲˣ˵ʲô΢Цߵǰ
ǻ㣬ʲôʸͽܣһҲûչͽܡ
ˡһۣ˱˻ԣóɽ磬ණףҪʲôʦָԽԺ㰡͸ָϵ
Ҳûľôָ
ҾͲ֪ˣԼŰɡЦţŤͷ±Ҫ
Ҫʲôﰡɻʵ
ʦ񰡣ĸʦͽʱ򲻻ķ˵֮󣬻ЦĻ֦չܵˣ͸˴۵Сۡ


101 ʦ
࿴˰죬Ͳ죬ŵղǸģǻȦףҲ档
ԼûݹʦţҲûչͽܣʲôʦ⣬ԼһʱûղֻҪԼæôɴغ衣֪ԼҲȵġ
ʦС΢죬ŻղŵĻһҧν˵ˣɽ磬ȹʦ裬ܹʦŵʦˣǲⷴڵģԺ϶ħϡ
ʲôʲôüͷ˰Σظ˵ָֻԺûʲô⡣ʦνٺˡ
ⲻеġŤӣ˵һΪʦΪʦŵʦ
ƣͷ߷ߵӣ㵽״ʲôأ
ʦҪǰֻС֣վǵ֮ɫ
һһʦǽиɴడͶʱͷˡ
ǰȴ͸һϢŮˣеڴ֮⣬̾˿˼
Լȷʵм꾵Ƚ⣬ܸţνǸɽǱȽϳһóȥõĻӦòᱻ˻ɡ
ʦѵʲôûôίؿͣеʧ֮ɫ˿顣
СͲòϣԭĵţľ֮ȫԹͷˡ
һų̬һһЦ䣬˻ǵ
㡣һһֱڵﴦŵϣͽݹȥ˵
ĵЦһѽץϣϸţȥشţ˷ܵɫ
ʦʲô߹Ŵʵ
Ϳڽ͵ղӲҲ΢ֻͣõģΪʦͽ֣ԺʦʲôٳƺˣҲͽܣֻѣ
֪ˣʦŲΪشôð
ҸʾһΡŵĹִûˣֻû˴֡
ӹһߴ߶˵ķһ߽ԪУͿĿ±Сٺòˡһ˵ţһ߽ŵϣؽ
ʦýŶһӣǰ˶ǱĽʵʵü壬һܵı顣
͸ɿһһִϷɳԭĴСͣǰ
档һץϲԽشţ󲻻ؿһۣ׳͵ͷ¡
Цһһһȥֱɨ˳ȥ
ĻŲ߷ߵض˶ʵΪʲôס㣿
޸ķڸҵԪȫһģôԸңסԺķûԪҪͷųȥܱܿʵǿʿֱߡ
ҪôŻһεõֶĲν
ʵ֮󣬿ԽսÿմʱϣԪЩӣķˡʵ̫ʿǲֱߵġ
Ŷ֪ˡŹɵص˵ͷ
ٸ˵һ䣬ɽ磬Ʋ¶ףȻ˵ǺܺõķڵΪӵ졣
ҸأҪǴ⣬ѵʦôգ۾ͣһȻȻСڰϡ
̾˿ͺȻãԼʦǱҧˣԼٲϣôǻƺԼΪʦ
ͳ˼ʱСһתıǰǰţ̧ͷ¶һа΢Ц
΢ЦеΣյĸо
ǶȥؿڴһƬѩ׵ļ¶ɡ
ʲôأƲߣЩεʵ
ʦôҪҪŸȣʵŵպܺõġ
ˡ
ҪҪ

ȵ¥ʱ򣬻粻Ӱֻһֽùһʱ¶һ˿Цֽݸŵ㻨ˡ
Žŵؽӹֽɨһ֮󣬶ʱίʵˣΪʲôһ
ŤͷݣֽϻԣͻȻ֪ΪʲôðϽԼҳˡ


102 å
ʲô飿ֻǸڶѡľڸţѾԼˡ
ڵţһ仰ǾǺջˮ
ľˮģҪʵǿʿϡ
ԼҳŰԼΪʦŶԼ
εľٶ˲һӱšҲԼҪ
˾˰ɣʿӦ̫ԺԵǻټġ͵˵ţۿģ͵·ҲƵء
أʵ
Ϣһʱ䣬ҲúúĹҪȻԺʲô鷳ˡϾľԼҲûֻһͲˡȻԼϺŵʦͽϵܸҪָġ
ٴʱɺ̨ϣһᣬͲſ˵š
ʦʲôԸŹɵش
ȥüƽʱ·ɡ
΢ЩֵؿۣȴʲôûʣߺСܵԱ߷Ƭ֮ϸϵ˹ʦ¡Ҫô
ˡͶʱһΡ
һᣬżԼ˻վǰʵʦҪĶˡ
žִٲվǰвɻҪԼ·ʲôں˼ʱվؿ˵ȻۿʲôҪС֡
ŵ˵ͷ
һ죬ͻǾԼһܸţСӣʹĵ׵ĸеġ
Զ׷꣬ȹԼһ;ԼҲûбҪǰڵġ
С«һһֻصϣָһԭտУͻȻէһɫ׵ľ޴ӰҲʱһƬϢ֡
һĻһ߿ֲ׹ѣſںʱȴͶԼ˸ƣŵϽסС죬ֻŵضǰķߡ
¡ŵԴο
ʲôͷһμôֲ˵ڲ˶̽ͷ̽Եؿǰķߡ
ô˵أҵͬ顣Ҳ֪ôŽ͵飬ֻģش
ô
ǰɣĺˣҿƵģṥġ
仰Ųźһͱ˳СԼʵظһµı顣
΢΢ЦЦһӴһâ˸ȵâɢ֮ǾϾ׶˵壬˵ǰ
ǸӣϹı飬Щ鶯һͷ㷢£ڵסǰ죬ֻСȻȻصһ𣬵סصǵش
մӾлعŶʱɵˣֱֱضǰѩŮһһ˿ҵı
ΣŲŻعϽվǰֻСֲǰζţŽеתȥ㲻תȥ
ͿˣƲƲ죬ˣöء
·ϡǿƳ⣬Ͷ
֪ŷ߷ߵؿͣع˷š
֮󣬷Ųٴδ򿪣溰Խˡ
ӣ߽ڣ̧ÿ·ģ鲻һ㡣
⻹ǱһδŮ˵·Ͷ࣬״ɫ·ڱϣӸһصϢűĮı飬һֲַʥо
͵ͷ޵
ؿͣСٵϸߣڴ͵ĳޣʱӱǿзһֹå
ԭǸ֣Ǹܻεľ֣ʶĨȥˣûʶ԰һľż͵
һ£̧ͷ˵ֲãҸղŸ˵ء
Ҹ˵ҲҵģҲֻѡ
̾˿վűױ̨ǰ£Ȼͷ
ʲôŻͷʵ

е֡ŵ˵ͷֻͷʵʦǰ·ô
Ҳǣֻǰҵ·

ڳɽ˵ŪһУظУ˰ĿˮͲŽŶԱͬޱˡ
⽫ٻ㣬ֻǱ˺öˣԺһֱԼߣܻзֵʱ򣬻󷽷
һƷʯԼȥֽؽ𵤽ϣԼľо


103 
Сӹĺ嵭Ҳζġ
⼸һֱоľ¹Ϲ֮һȻǲԽԽԽľڻвǰķһЩõϢӦ¹ǰǰľֵӦԷͽЩһһС
׹רΪŮ˴ģͼۺҲ޷ȥ
ľ£ۻþɱԵ֮ʱֻҪһ񣬾öԷС
ʼʱߵ̬ԽԽģÿһٶÿһ飬ԵĿҰջΪԽߣջԽǿҡľͻ᷵豹棬߸֮ϵŮһ㣬ʥ಻ַ
ң뵱꣬ɽĸ˲Ҹ¹ŮΪϼѵͷͶ˼
¹ʿ㣬߻ϧܹԸʿָоҪԳ˾
һø˼¹һ϶ˣϢɽ紫ʱ򣬲֪ʿʵĺ˺۲
⼸һֱ̬ţҲ̵ĺܵһһʦеĶˡ
ʱʱһͷһѰСӾϲһЩŮ˼ҵ⡣
УͲڵһжѾӡ͵ԺУ㴫¥æš
һᣬСӾŹϵΧȹغʦô
ڵΪѴﵽ˱ٹȵľ磬ŲһҪһЩġ
ӣͿʵϳˣ
ǰûˣǰǻġŵ˵ͷ
ǰ㻨ǲǲŵģͲҡͷЦ
ǵġÿγҡŲ֪Լʲô۾Сض͡
㻨ҲΪáվһ˷òͨ˵ûʲô࿴㼸ۣͼʿ鷳ʹˡ
ʦ˵źƯôСһĨ죬ܵ⣬ڳһŮӡ
ԼԼ𡣡Ͱһۡ
ѽʦˡ߹͵ĸ첲һҡΣųŵʱءһ˵ţһߴӿڴóһԼһǣס˴ֻ¶ˮ۾
СĵáƲһۣɫĵطò˫۾Ժɲ㶢űˡҪȻͨ˿϶ܲ˵ġ
ŵ۽ëģϵ֮ɫŨˣʵʦڳԴô
͵һۣСӣղŻҶأھͶԼʩˡ
ͽ֪ˡŸϽʹһģ
ͺЦؿֵۣʵôμ棬Ҹоǰ˺ܶడǰľġ
㡣ͷ
ľиƨãϴ㻹һԵؾܵˣԴӾϴε֮ž;ãԼӦǰųջ˵һ棬סصϴεĸޡ
ˣʦʲôģһءҡһϵĲӡ
ķסôͲʵ

ҾͰˣݾԲȥһǻǣ鷳
ͺˡһΩǴӵĹģ
Ԫһʶͬʱ͸ͲУڼصжȫٺݺһͲʱĩ䵽ϡ
˽Ҳ뿪Թʰһ¶
ȥģ΢Щ˷ܵʵ
ȥϽҵɸʹʵ̫ʺϸԼһ
أŽŵʵ
ҵóȥҵ㶫ͻûԼγŵ񣬾ѰЩؼ
Ҳܸһôüͷʵ
ŤͷһţʧЦģβǶ㣬ȥĵطҵļҡһȥġ
ʦ㲻ߣ˼һʱ˲߻ħô߹̧ĵؿ͡
ֹˮ̰ðô߻ħѵ
ӣҧ촽ޱίصһۡ
ʱż򵥵ʰһԼҲûٶֻһЩϴ·ѣװһСУȻսС«С
ԴˣȻе棬Ҳûڶʡ
һҹʱ䣬ԼҵģֻܺС«еĺƣպ̺Ļ𾢡
ȻЩ𾢱ҵ̲صҪٺܶ࣬Ҳʤޡ
ȵ֮ʱóݵݸһţϸؽʹõķ
ֶȻ˷ޱȣСԴؿʵʦǲʲô£ҪȻôĿˣ
ûûСϽҩ͵


104 ڸ޳
ڶһ˱˿У˸û˵ĵط׳ŷ
⻹Сӵһα˴ŷУһʼޱȣ§͵Ƭ֮űԼͷۻĿѣ
֮£ֻ´˵ϡ
ڵģıܴ󣬷ݵ֮ھһӥǣԼʮҵˣҲǰɫһͨŮһȸߡ
Сӵ紵ĺ˵ģҲԵÿ
бţСӸϽװģܵһ߸ŻƬ֮ŻָߵߵʦͽҺܣ߹ȥɡ
΢΢ҡҡͷԼղʱһֱԪţͨҲоܵģοһʿ
дʲôȻ֪Ҳƣֻǵ˵ͷ
߹ȥĻҲֻҪʮѣ͵һ·ɽˮ˳ɢɢˡ
֮һƬߵɽǰԱиСӣѾϽΧˡܵǱߵˮԴһˮԼϡ
ϴ˰֮վʦЪϢһɡ

ԵȣȥҰζ
ʶչȷڶʮﷶΧڲûʲôΣգûţϥ
С鲽ɿʧˡ
СӵƮ㲽еģ˰ͿŵӰһο
Լ̫Ҫؽ𵤣ֻҪҵĻ𾢰ˡЩ죬Ͷѵؽ𵤽ʹá
һ˵ؽڴĴ֮Ʈ㲽Ȼ׾ˡ
ҲϢڸţؼʱգСӾܸԼһĳ̶ˣʱ򼴱ǿĵˣҲļܡ
֮⣬ͻŲϧǣЩƷ׺ܵͣɱҲޡ
Ƭ֮űһֻҰôǱ˹Ұϵ˺ۣͲͷۣ˵Сӿ϶ġ
ɣûһṦͰҰŪ˸ɾ
ǿӵĴ۲ѣȻȥҰÿƶǡ
ԾӡͨϣԽ¶˫ˮһӵĲ֮
ҲƮ˳ʹͲҲ鲻Խӥǡ
ͿˡЦضһۣԼܹһٹȵʿʳָ󶯣СӺԺ
һĹϾð˿˿գȵ֮źСĵ˺һȣýţݸ͡
ʦʹˡһ߳Ұζһ߻㱨⼸ʱɹ
Ȼġ͵˵ͷֶʿһ԰ǿԼĺӣԪǵʳԶʳܲʹô
ʦҲ˲ҸĶءЦЦؿ͡
𻰣ʶȴͻȻһŤͷһ߿ȥüͷ塣
ôʦ˳͵Ŀ⣬ȴʲôҲû
ˡ
ǻôЩŵʵͳʱ䣬һֱ͹ԱҲ֪䣬ںܶаħһĽҰľȻ˳߹Щš
İɣǻˣʵҲǿ΢΢ЦЦ
ԼʶӦ£˲ĲʿѡֵεʿԼ֣͹Էһˡ
Ƭ֮ڿҹУһâٵس߷˹
Ҳһɽϻվһˣ̫ԶŲûпϵ˵ʲôģ
ɽһĵطͣ漴һʶɨ
Ŷʱüͷֱ˿̽ĸо˺ܷС
¡͵ЦЦҼȻڻĽҰƶһ㾯ʶһȻ޿ɺǡ
ԼղҲ鿴ԷأԼʶǿ󣬶Էûзֶѡ
ӦǲͺŵΪһǸʿȻֱֱس˷˹һ߷ɻһ߿ںλˡ
ͻվżɶĶԷ
ʦǲ˰ʵ
Ͳ÷ص˵ͷ
һľ룬ת˲Ƭ֮ǸʿǰԼķɽֶ͵λ֣·һˣЩۣ˵л⣬ðһ
Ͳ̲˵һ¶Էֻ˵ҲüĿ㣬ʹԼҲʮµӣһ׻ɫûʲôرڵĵطЩݡ
˶Ц£ֿ˿ŵѲ־ͺáڸ޳֪λγƺ
ڣͲɻһ£ȴǺܿشʮλǡ
ͽܣŸϽ˵ͽܣСžͺˡ
ԭʦͽˣһһᡣ޳΢΢һЦȻ֪ʮиԵǱںġ
һһʿѣεºܸͽܣ
Ȼôţɸ޳ȴ¶καĵ̬Խؿ
ǰλпܾԼĿ֮һء޳⼸Ͳ˴Ȼ֪ڵΪȻͣյͨȴǲ٣ƽ۹֪ܶĵѾʧ˵ģǵϣһЩܵķ
Ƿûڣ޳̽Եʵض͵ɫ
΢΢һͷû
޳һϲǰʮа˾žԼҪѰҵˡһΪʿôûأȻʲôŴɣɽҲŵϺŵġ
ûҲ޳΢΢һЦǫ˵
˵ɡ˸ơ
߶ţ޳ͺűȭ
˿ͿģŶҲûʲôУ˺ȴ΢΢ҡҡͷϵûٵݹȥˡ
֮ĲޣĽҰģżǺĸҲ⡣
˵޳ȻһȴֻûǺһЦųʱжֻ̣ѣµȴͨǸĳŵƷ֮ڴĳϾһЩƽ֪ûȤ
ȻʧЦ޳ȻܵĽҰˣȻӻͳƷ׶ԼҲǺҪ
Ǹʦͽ˲ûжʯͰ˰֣ܾ˶Էĺ⡣
⻹ͷһ׿ڳԼŵʦͽϵͱ˵ûʲô챻ʦʦ̵ĺϰˣȴһҸޱȡ
Ŷɢްɣ޳òĵһ䡣
бŶԷʵ
ֱᡣ޳æ֣϶Цݣ¿ûпɢ޵˼ѵû˵⼸ɽķͻô
޳ҲһͻʮΪֻһѣɸղһۣȴԼֱ߶ϵĴĵһ󷢺
ʲôͻ䣿˵⣬ʵ
ֱչð޳Цһ漴˵⼸ʱ䣬֪ΪʲôɽͻȻðһɢޣЩɢ޵ΪȻôɸƷײ͵ķͺǴʯͷQһ֮⣬һЩҲ˷˼ϢЩʧǧɷ͹׷ˣħҲ쳣ԾݱŵӴ̽ϢЩͻȻֵ˺ͶȻǧǰħսйϵ
ŶͿһۣСҲЦЦض
ڻʱ򣬾Ѿ֪˻˺͵ݣ˽ıȸ޳Ҫࡣ
ôйϵ͹⿪ʵ³Ҫ֪סġ
͵ѯʣ޳渵Ҳ͸˽Ĳࡣ
һЩԸԪʧʿһЩɸˣľѡеӵ̨УָԷϹȻپɢ⼸ʱһҲѡʲôʽѾСгɾˣɽУһЩǿķʧĹ׷׵ðˮ档
޳һ˵ţһСش͵ɫڴǷܿʲôߣϧʧǣ͸óԾʱͳԾƽʱƽֵĵˮ©
Īǲǧǰ޳Ҳֹ
֪ϢűһЩǧǰǰȻһͷڲǧ꣬Щǰ¼һЩʯΪڰǰűҪЩɢǰټһ𣬴һཻĵãҲԸֹͱŻȡʯ
Ŷ£ϢͲЩˡ
ǰĳγţҲǷ֮ĴѰЩʿģ֣ҲҵɢޣЩ˵ͨøĳ۽簡˵ʱ޳¶ޱɫ
˵ϣĳҲˡٻɢ޴ᣬҲǸȡѡ⵹Ǿʵڳʱж̣ǧǰȻЩ֮ʿҲʯΪ
δʲôʱٿͿʵʯûʲô뷨Ͼеؽ𵤺ҵĶ㹻ԼʹˡЩɢǺŪЩǰҲû˰ɢ޾ۼһ
Ȳ˵Լ̫һ˵СӣϳһЩ֮⣬ûбĹֶˡܺɢ޻ȡһЩõĶҲȥμᣬȻܴӱ˿ϴؼϢòˡ


105 ɽ
֮Ҫٿˡ޳ԹɫȻ֪Ͷɢ޴ȤĳҲǼϻɸ˳ҲȥμأܷЩǰϻЩ
ͻû˵Ա۰Ͱ͵ؿ
Сʱ뷽跨˵г̣ΪľҪദʱһЩһ˵ôȥȻһڴӦҲԸٴһβ̵ʱˡ
ּȻɢޣβĳһɣʱĴᣬ»м˲μӣʱҲԸͽѰһЩֵķҲʵĶֺͱ˽ĻҲѵõĺܡ޳һš
Ͳ÷ضһҲûӦҲû
֣žٿδ֮ʱͷųϢˣʱμӴ˴ʢɢޣΪΣԵõƷʯ顣޳׳һն
ŶźôֱʰʵЩ졣ƷʯȻ࣬Ͼǰ͵ġ
Ǻǣֹˡ޳ЦҲٰ֮Щɢǰ۸ڶھȱʯУҵŲμӴᣬϾҲûʲô
޳һѵģ˵֮۰Ͱ͵ؿͣϹš㻹˼ȥı顣
˵ˣҲֻÿѯʵ֪λʲôط
ԶӴ˵еĻ죬ܵλɽС
ɽȷʵǺԶҲ֪
ȥĻĳΪ·޳˵ٲȻѾ϶ЩɢǰеһԱ
лˣֻڻеҪҲõ鼸ʱ䡣
޳¶һʧɫ漴ɫ糣ӻͳһƴݸ͵ֵʱȥμӴĻֻҪڴɽͷųʱµǰ
лˡͽӹϸ鿴һŷ֣ϸ˵һڴĻ޸ࡣ
޳ղŵĺڵҲȫţڶƷһԼĶ֮
߶λˣĳҲٻɸ˵֮󣬸޳վʦͽ˹ֵ漴׳Լķɽȥ
ȵԶȥ֮Ͳ΢΢һЦϵսУŤͷʱÿޱڴǴˮһӣͷ·ѩʳĶǣֱֱضͣϻ˵ݵı顣
֪ʲô⡣ͺߺˣԹԸȥϽһˡ
ʦŲ˹ͣĸ첲һҡΣҲȥɡ
Уһڻؾʵ̫ͣΪЩӰ˵㡣
ʦʹ˼ȥһ΢ӣľתеľҪسͷ˹ȥһȸߵڿҲޱȣֱκ˹ͷ
˵оͲСָŵСԴа´αľȻҵ񡣡
죬ϸؿһκòã֪ʦҲҪȥģ͵ͽȥ۽ҲԺͽһ۹ⶼûаɣ
ͱĿ񣬵ʹɮ붨
ˣһҧˣֻˮܷܷ֣ʹ˼Σ۾ֻԼһƬ͹ãСӻЩյʳָ쵽ԼУСͷ˱˱һĿ⸡ϣؿ͡
̵ģԼôأʹ˸ϽԺȴϵػ𵱳ŽͷԼеһĻ
ԷڿԼͽܣԽô룬ԽһֳͽɵĿӿͷ
˵ˣԼʲôʱĵĬͽܵأ
ץС«ݺݵйһںƣһȵĸоӵڶʱǣתķý֮ڡ
Ѿʼ֪϶ûˣһתЦ
ȵٴ۾ʱɫѾ΢΢ʼˣŤͷһȦʱȻޱȡ
žȻˡ
ԼڴʱȻ񣬿Ҳʱ̹ע͵Ϯʱɾһ㻹֮ûˡɼҲϢʧˡ
СӵϢȻ˻˰̶̼ʱ䣬ƭԼʶӦҲֻתϢŻԼܿټԼֻעûпŵĶֻܵ˵һʱ⡣
ܣýֺͷ£Բµſ϶ȥˡ
СѾͷǲСУҲ߳Զ
ʶ˲չƬ֮΢΢ЦЦվƮ㲽϶ĵط׷˹ȥ
ʮ֮һ˿۵СԣӵһƬȻĲݴԣžطȫתϢΪ˱СӻԱݸԼϣԴϸǶżڴĻ䡣
Сίĺܡ
ߣȥҾԼȥŵ뵽
ȵ˴ɽԼҲˣʱֿԸദһӡŵʱͻȻоһ죬漴Լһ˱㱻һɴ
Ťͷһ޿κΡ
ţ͸оһֻ޼ҿɹ·è䡣
Լϵݣ޹գ۾ʵʦôҵҵģ
СⶼҲһʦôͷ˷ۡ
ȻⶼҵˣҲ޻˵ͣһҪɱҪϤı顣
ӣͲоеЦбۣ͵ؿʵȥҲǲԡ
𣿡һ߸ߣץ͵Ĵ֣˷ܵʵ
һû˵ꡣС⾢ͷ治ȥĻ϶ġʱ͵͵ܵҲգҲһɢ֮ĽѣȥʶһҲ޷
ʦ˵ŸϽɫؿ͡
˵طʲôҵģ㲻Ҫ뿪֮⡣
ŵͷ
κĶҪС֣κ˸𻰶Ҫǡ
͵ͷ
㲻Ҫ۾ȥעκһˡ
ʹͷ
Ҳˣݵı˵òֻҪСһ㣬۾ȥˣƱҲ׵طͫ
ڿ˷ޱȣ˵֮ͼҪ·
޳˵ɢ޴Ҫڰ֮ٿ͵Ҳһ·ʹǰȥ
ʮ֮˲ſɽڣԶԶȥƬɽȻûϽĻֺ㣬Ҳһ顣ɽӼҲ˼ĵش￪Ҳһѡ
ʦôоŨŲſ˫ۣһӿһ̰ɫ
Ȼ͵ͷ֮϶֮أٻĴڡ
Ͻ֮овֻϽʵ̫ˣΣķʺǿɣ͹ϽҲӦвɴˡ
ʿĸ˭ռ
ҲʲôΪʦϽǸɸӵеҪǿϼ㵽˵ط֪ˡЩױƵ˵
΢΢ЦſԼûע⣬ദôѾȻԳΪʦˡ
߰ɡ׳˴վһವطɳԶ
һֱСʱ䣬˲ؽɽڲȥһƬɽ룬˸ȽϿĵط
ʦΪʲôˣɻʵ
˼ǰеĻ˼ˡһ߽һ߸ŽɽĹء
֮أʿǲϿշɹġһ´˼ҵĴ󣬶Ҳòղǿɽ̫վҲôɵ
ô죿ſһܣʲôҲû
ʹӻͳ˸޳Լ˳ԪУһƬȻ˸һâ˸תʧ֮С
ȰɣһǸڵ˾ͻˡͱ˫֡
ŶŹɵߡ
ͽܰΪʦ񡣡΢΢Ťͷбţ
һ£漴סС죬ЦĻ֦չ
Цʲô
ûûʲôס˶ӣСֱڡ
ǵͲĵʵ
Ҫ˵ʵôǿסЦ⣬̧ͷ͡
˵
ûֻáһĻĻףʦڶ˭ۡ
Ͷʱᡣ
һȥμɢ޴ᣬҪˣȻıˣͻıԼأñ˿ôһ˵Ϳˡ
ʦٰڸɣϸЦ⣬С˵
ˡƲƲ졣
ȥˣǧûҲܵƾϳԼοϤʿҲôѡ
ʦôŴؿͣʵ
ʲôġ


106 С·
վԭصСʱ䣬ͲŸоиʿ߸
Ƭ֮Ѿ˵Уĵקһ͵䣬ʦˡ
ͳǱ߿ȥǸˣҲʮ޳һŻ£ʹ¸Ҳڸǲס塣
ǰվãԼķӯӯʧ񿪿ʵλõˣλμӴô
ǡͱȭ
ӭӭһЦ¶Сѣƽһ׺Ϳ˵ζʵѹգ
ʶһɨ֮£˾֪˵ΪΣȻҲΪʻʱҲֻǿ͡
СӣòȻôȴø˸ղų֮£ʧƬ̡
ʮĳͽСšͽܵ
ԭֺ֣ܿСãǸʦİɣһЦʵ
ǵģԭѾ˵ˡ
ЦЦûнͣὫ֮ʽʼλ
˵֮ܿ׳Լķ̤ȥͷˡ
΢΢һ£û׳˵յѣʦͽ˳ɽ˵ط羰ˡŲԶĻܷ߹ȥҲ˳һ
ܿһ£漴΢ЦȻԣ߹ȥĻҲֻҪնѡ
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ɽԼƣĳڴ󽣣ɽҲôһѣɹȥĻǱ˿Ȼ֪ԼݡͲѡйȥ
ܿǰ·һһ߽·ķڵ飬ͺŵҲĽζ
ܿҲܺ˴򽻵С£˵Ҳ˾ÿһ·֮յǻԾĺܡ
ֻŽ͵Ļһֱͷ·˵
ѣͽô˵ܿͷʵһֻۣ欵СŮֻܵͷŵ棬Ƥ̧һ¡
ŶСͽϰ޷˵ͻһ˵꣬ͱźݺݵһѡ
ϰءĵ
ĺӡܿһ˿ϧ
һֱܿ˴գһܲĵطվ￴ȥֻǰԲڣһƬģʲôǺϵƲʽѣͨߵ󣬿Ҳðա
Ӧþ˼ҵĻɴˡ
ܿͷ˵һЦλԵȡ
˷Ƭ֮һָһȻзֿ¶һ׿ͨ
ܿ˵űֱֱȥŽϡ
ֻɴ֮У֮䲻˿ƫпҲ·
ҵŵ㣬Ҫƫˡһ߿ܿһߴŶ
ܿҹգһֱ˴һʱ䣬ǰһܱߵʧȡ֮һƬء
ȥ˵ĻɽҰģһ򣬳ƬĽһ಻ѣЩһЩͷһׯϵĹŷ磬ִĽȫһ
ֱߣһ׽ʯݣ쵽׸ߵĵطһֺĹƲʾڹ֮Ϸţùһɼ֮
ź͸λϾס֮ҲǴɽڣ·塣ܿͳǸ㿪ڽ͵
һ찡ⷬɣǸɽҲˡԵ̾
ֹˡܿǰͷ۵¶һȻķϣŻ޷ɽȵģɽɽҲôһŨĳ̶һָ
⵹ǾʵдСквɽӵеǸʵɽõġ
λɡֳܿǰȥ˽һУڣֻһŰһϴڵʿڰ棬ϰű⡣
ʦ㡣ܿǸϴڵĵæʺá
ܿص˵ͷת͵鷳λǼһ¡
ҪǼǣɻʵ
Ҳ߹ѣġ
ҲǼ֣òǼٵģǼʲôҲν
Լŵ֮Ǹϴڵʿһֽϼ˵֣Աóӣص˹λڱ֮ʱӾС
ӹӣ΢΢һ£ûʲôá
ĿʯҲλպãһ·ۣǱŵһ⡣ϴڵִԱóĿʯݸ͡
Ͱ΢΢Ӧһ£ȷʵƷʯû
ڿĴѪҲ޳˵Ǹȡ裬֮ɢޣǷǳҪʯֻƷģЩʯǰۡ
Ǽִ֮ܿ˳
ܿںߵһЩڵĵӹʺá
ǿˣЩܿʱĿдŰĽ͹ɫ
崿Ȼˣɳ
һֱ˴ŰСʱһССɽ崦ɽһƬһЩȻªȴʧվ۳ȥɾһɽ룬һһСΡɽ͵֮Уֱ
һɽǸղܿܵĴ·壬źͳǾסĵط
յѣǸɽʲôãָ˵Сһɽָ㽭ɽ״˸⡣
ǸܿߣϹЦݵС·壬֮ɢ޴ᣬС·ٿġ
ۣС·ңңִˣҲȤ
ǵȵĽĻȻȥС·һˡܿǳǳЦţһеĸо
Ŷɻؿܿһۡ
ģһ˲ɢͬΪ˸õĴٽűС·¿һ׳ڵĵӻһЩȽʵõķȻλɢͬҲﻻȡԼҪĶʯʲôġ
ܿʯҧĺأ˵ʱƲһۡ
湻ġаȴûκα鲨
ǺֶΰֻƷʯɢ޲μδᣬڴٿ֮ǰ⿪һ׳ءΪЩʯ֮ɢȻһԼķȡˡֶӡԺУֻҪݿ̽Ͳڣһ롣
ȻֵʯͷƷʲܸߡȵ֮ʽٿʱ򣬱ŽϴƷʵĶλɢͬܿ˵š
̣ľ
һЩ͵ȼĶθڣȵʽٿһָƷʵʯͷǻЩɢͷˣ
ǸƷʵʯ֮ɢޣûκȡʯΪܸõɢںһЩķзĶѲ˵ϸҡ
ܿûϿʲô΢ЩʧȴǴ󷽷˵Ƭǰ
·ҲһЩʿЩʿߴҴңΪൽ֮ϡ
ӲڵĵӣΪǿûܿһۣͲ²⣬Щʿμδɢޡ
˻治١
һУܿЦλϢ֮ΪʱȽϼӶʱģª֮뵣
͡ںػһʿǲںЩġ
оǣÿжһС͵󷨣ϵӾǿЩ󷨵ĹؼλҪϢĻֻҪӲ󷨾ͻԶܿһ߽ţһָһط˵
͵˵ͷǻӦ
ֻЩˣλڱ֮ʱӱɣǾģҲȥС·¿ܿЦЦ˸ת뿪ˡ
ȵܿ߿֮Ͳóղ쵽ӣܿĵطʱһڴһƵصĽƸסӡ
ʶ΢΢̽ȥȻ˻
ͦ̾һ󷨣ԵֵʿĿ̽ˡ
˴ϣСȻΰεãڵһУڵ溮ס
ʲôûһӲ崲һ֮⣬ûĶˡ
㹻ˣڲͨˣ׷ЩʵĶʲô⣿ѵ
˼Ϊͣ˼ҲʱȥĳԶί˵
ŶȻˡڻûٹ֮
û¡Ͱ˰֣ɽֵģ϶ҰζǾȥץ
Ҫ˼Ҳץأ׷ʵ
Ǿȥͷ߷ߵֻҰζҪģ̫Сˡ
ʲôСԴѯʵ
ȴָɣϴȥҵԵġ
ǲȥǸ׵ĵطôЩ˷ܵʵ⻹ͷһνӴôʿ֡
ӦûʲôеĶ֮ʽٿöŻḡˮ
ʦȥСؿ͡
Ǿȥûʲô¡
ʦáվ͵ĸ첲СԴؿһĥ䡣
֡ƲСӵӣԽԽԽԽûûСˣ˵λ᲻ǣ
Ҳô˷ܵʵ
˵ڵ㣬ӦûġÿƷʯ˾Ŀ飬׼Ķ˭Ҫ


107 
΢ʱűŶӶˡ
óԹʹһŵԴ߳ӡ
ҹĻѾ٣ŨīƵصҹɫڰģȥȴƻͨΪ߻صʿھڡ
С·ɽǿطۼʿ֮࣬ƹҲԽվƺҲܸоǱߵ֡
վԭҿһ£׼һ򣬴ųǱȥ
ɽȻ˵ڵĵ̣ɽҰֵģȻҰҰζ
ڴУų֮ںڵĻУŽ͵ĸ첲ӶʾԼС
أһ춯ӲԴ˹һССӰɳͿһֻҰζ˴εĵط˳
ûʲôͽһϵž־ʹһŻ⡣
ȭͷȻûӴܵҰζֻ֪Ұζҽһڵϴ˼û˶
Ŷ֮Ѹ֮ϣ֮һա
ûˣŻһ
ˡ˹ȥֻ˵ҰζӣǰſȻһֻҰ
ʰ쵵ëյĽ޳ĲᵹһԣϾ
ѽĴˡͱ̽ͷ̽Եġ
ͷֽҰţץС«һںƣתͷҸطϴɾɡ
÷ʰſϷ˶Ұſˮ
ԶиɽｫҰϴɾ˶ҶҰȻڵڸӷ˽ȥ˶
һûһڵغСƣֺǺǵؿæ
ʦȵʲô촽۰Ͱ͵ؿϵС«ʵ
ŲôͰһۡ
ҺһڵӰɣҺöһ˵ţһ߳߿˹Сһַǳƣڵϣؽӽš
㲻ܺȡҡҡͷЦ̲صĻ𾢣Բܹܵġ
Ϊʲô߹˼ǰҲȾƵġŵϰѾ͵ǰ谵ĻУһ˫ӶͣŹ𡭡
Ҫȣбʵʹ˵ͷ
ŰСǲƺĲֻһСڣȻ絽Աߡ
һӲԴ˹һŤͷȥֻԱһʯͷȻһֺɫҺ䵽ĵطȻѸٵڻˡ
˳Ƶ͵ĻУֻСֽץؿڵ·дһֿ־𺳡
㣬Ҳɵһ㣬ﴦһŻȼڵѪҺǷޱȡ
òѹסͷɧŷ°˵֪Ϊʲôܺ˰ɣ
հҿҹԱҪȻԼɧ϶ŷˡ
ʦⲻǾưɣб͵ĴȴűҺ絽ĵط
˵һ룬ⲻͨľơ
ͷ̧ͷһۣкޱȡ
ҺڻʯͷΪʲôʦûأ
˵ŻأԶͻȻֳâֱֱ߷˹âֳ֮Ӱһ˾ϴμĸ޳
֣Ȼˡ޳Ҳһ㣬ϳ֮󣬱ȭЦ
޳Ա߻ʵﵽʿۼͺһޱȵӵһ𣬻һۣ¶΢Ц
е̶ʦͽ˷ݵ֮ûòʵڲզΡ
ֺ£ĳȻҲǺǺһЦŵʹͱ˵ĿҲͽû
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˵ҲɵĺܣһˣԼͽҲڿҰζڶˡ
ʦͽ޳ʿֻ࿴һۣʱְֲ֧ӣֻܱЦݡ
Сͽʵ㣬޷ٹȣֻܵҵ㶫ˡ͵˵ͷ»ûŴке֮뵣
ﻰ޳˰֣ɽҰζֺͽϲɾɱ
ֹȻǺˬ֮ˡ˳˸СƨɻؿŸ޳ʵ֪Ҫȥʲô
ҺλʦѲɽء޳˵һ䣬ûж͡
ԭ
ԱɣǻüѲɽɢͬ٣ΪʲôƳֲڿɵ𡣡޳òĵ˵һ䡣
롣бŸ޳ˣ˴ӸճֵڣĽͿһ˵仰֮ʾԵؽַżϣ§һ¡
˲ûЦϽڸ޳Ĵ£ߡ
ʲô˰ͷ߷߲ѡ
˸ղŵ񣬾ǿƵءҲΪԼŵʵ˼ңòҲڳªһ档
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ʦŵͱϴ˵е©硣
һˬſԼĴ֣زʶ˶ѣûҪôơ
˵ˣͻȻ𣬸ղΪԼΪŴ˿̵ò˱ģԼеջ
ԹԣɲаʲôʱСԼôҪˣ
ʦ˼ҵֻΪš̵ģͷ˵
˵ɶû׷ʵ
ʲôû˵վ˸͸Ͼ
͵ֱַˡ
ôһڣСӵĽлҲˡӿӶȡÿһζ˱Ƕ
ųԵЩ̻ʣ˳˸ᣬСƿеĲֺûһṦ򣬵Ͼֻʣһѹˡ
ڸɶأָݣʵһʦķ緶ûС
ҪȥŵŽż⣬СָС·ķ
ȥȥɡ컹Ӧ£ֻܵͷͬ⡣
Ϊ˱ⱻϳݣһֱóȻôֻһ߹ȥɽҰ֮أܺ˶ദ·ֻʣ˱˴ˣŵҲޱȣȸߵСˡ
С·岢ǺԶȻߵĲ죬ɻһСʱС·¡
Զʱ֪ܶ࣬սһƣͲŷ֣ڵС·£ٲȻһֵĲг
ʿּۻ֮ڶҲʿۼһĳļֵۡ
ۿȥֻڳһռС·µĿռ䣬ܶ೤϶ʿҪĶʯͲвҩе裬гƷķȵȣһ㡣
Щ˶ĳ󣬶վһʿ̬°һǧ֮ɫ¶΢Ц֮п롣
ҲһЩǿŵġ
վߣŴС죬һ𺳵ı飬¶˷ܵɫ
Ҳѹ֣СӻͷһνӴôʿҲͷһμôʿõĶ
ţ͵ҲһС˷ܡ
ڴûɵ˵ʿģۼ顣ЩڳϵĹණڶԼ֡
ԼŶҪԼд͹ˣھڶ࣬ŵʵҲܴ߶ڶˡ
ǰϵͲǱƵأ͡Լһֱ׷ȴ׷󲻵Ķ
˾վûöʿ߹ʱ¶ĵɫһСı顣
ߣͽܣΪʦȥĨ˰ǣȿһŸϽϡ
ۻƵڸεţʱʱһСɾķÿʱЩ˶ӵشƼܣͿ޵еơȻҲһЩʿԹۣѹκνܣһ㰮̬
Ȼû棬Ҳɵӡ͸ǸƷҲͣȻĵ͵ȻҲֻǿѡ
˵ЩͲ
󲿷ͲһЩҲһЩͲصʱɹµȵȡ
ͲڵĹȫ棬Ҳ޿ɺǣϾʿһɨͿԼסͲڵĶǰһ׹ȫ¼ȥǻʲôͷ
ͲڵϢֻһɵģֻе򷽴˹Э֮ŻὫͲ򷽡
ʹ˿ŵͲڼصһԵģʺҿҲСĶѡ
ôͿһ۳ʿһƤСӣֻжʮͷӣΪѾϴ۷ˣֻһִ֮ܵ
ʻС΢΢һЦ¶һСһָһƷʯļǮʮƷʯҲУͼʯͲҪˡ
һ߷ߵôȥ
ʯֶɽʮΪλƵģһһ׵ĿԻʮһ׵ġ
ƷʯϲûУ飬һ鱻õˣϻʣһ顣ǣǰԵȻȴҲֵǮ


108 
ɡôһϵ¶һЩ߿֮ɫȥĵطʱȻ֪ұļǮˡ
ƷʯֵǸͲԼĿеλ
˽Դҡ˹ġ
ͽͲڳϣ˸ۡ
ŸǸͺݺݵصһۡ
һֱǰʮŲؿʵʦǸܺô
пϵţȻô˵ţͶپеϧεĻǧѷ꣬ǲӦûǮǸͲأ
ĻҲ̫ˣСе۵̬֪ɢҵףԲʨӴ󿪿ڡ
鶼ӵĻԼҵʲô͵һС«е׽⡣
С«ͼʯв٣һƷмʮ飬Ǹ߼һʯûˡ
ŻһȦſŵ
ЩϰڷʯģڵĵڴЩʯȡɢ޵Ĺ͵
Щڳ۵ҩģϵģһЩμӴɢޣӱϻȡʯĲϡ
һЩƷģЩڵĵռݴҲɢھӪ
ЩӫĶҫ͵ۣСӸ˴԰ѣĿϾӡ
ĶĶͿ۵ģûһ·Ҳֻۻ͵۽ˡ
öӦö֮ĴϣڳֵĶһЩСèСϺˣƵء
ôһȦжҲ˼ƽϡ
ԼΪ˸ɢ޻ȡһЩǿĵɢҪľʯ
Լ취ﱸһʯҪȻһ۳ʲôöԼֻܸɵۡ
С«Ͷʱ⡣
Ŵ˸к˸εĽ䣬С«ó㶫Ȼߵղ·һ̯λϡ
ųϰڷʯҲֻʯվһΪڵڴ
ղ·ʱڵӸһɢ죬չκζʿõĶ۵ǱĶ
ҪʯôվڳǰǸڵ¶΢Цʵ
͵˵ͷ°͵ϵʯ鿴һʯƷʲͼҲƷģңƷԽԽߣ߼Ʒʯ֮࣬ƷҲв١
ʲôչǰɣԷһͻһ䡣
ǵģʲôֻҪʿãҶչڵһЦݡ
һп룡ͺƲ졣
㿴ֵ١ͽǰЩӴǼջķ˳
һõ磬еһԲ̷
ûرҲὫǺϵһ𡣷Ҳ˷ѣԼãҲòϣóʯ
ȿǵ΢ЩʧηѾĻٿᣬĿľЩɢ޵ĹʲôԼɿơ˵ˣܲپܾҲֻд̡
鿴Ƭ̣ڵӲŶ絹Ʒ׵һ㣬Բ̣רŷõģֵʵڲɣƷʯΣ
ֻô㣿һԾȳ
Ǻǣλǳɽ粻ðɣڵЦһƲһۡ
͵˵ͷ˹ȥû׼ʯԷܿƷʯļǮҲˡ
ӶԷϽӹƷʯԼĻСһһǰĳϡ
㿴ֵʯۿŶԷ
ͷһڵϵЦݶȻһգ΢Щؿһۣ漴һǰСһĶ
滨ݣٶСóֳ֮ɫ֮£ܸоһĵ⡣
ݣڵüͷ壬ƾȻ֪׽ʲôֻ֣жϳһ겻Ĳҩݺ㡣
źƣҲ𻰣ֻ۾ŶԷڵ϶Щѿ
ǸʵڿݽʲôܷԵƬ̣ڵѯ͵
㡣͵˵ͷ
ڵ뻳óһ˳Ԫһâʧ
ԵȣҴʦ־֮ͨӦû֪ݵڵӵɫʱࡣ
֪ݴĵõģڵֿʵ
Ǻǣһ·ɽˮֵⷢġڴ
ԼȻܸɸ˼ĶС«滹в١
áڵӸ̾һ
Ƭ֮һԶԶط˹䵽͵ǰǰһֺˡ
ʦ֡ڵӹʺá
ʲôˣ˵ͷҲûֱ˵ؿʵ
ʦ֣㿴ʦ׾ûϳڵӽݵݵ˵ǰ
ͰԹ۲ţֺò˵ˣȻΪˡ
ףһݣԭŵ۾ɴŷ˶ĴֽӹƤӵϸĦ˰Σ̧ͷɨһȦĿⶨϣݣǵ֮
˵ðȻһ۾ͿɲݵҪǿµݱҲϵݡ
ǵġ͵˵ͷжʱСžţ±˲ʶȻôʶҿ̬ƺӣͶʱҪһչȭŵˡ
ѹգڴӹ
ʮ򡣡ͱȭص
ԭ֡϶˺ͰЦݣ۾гһߣ֪ݻȡʲôʯǳƷķֻһЩϣ
ﵱȻҪʯˡͷ˸ֻۣоʵĻֱ˿ӷƨ
ͺðˡֺǺһЦһ¿˵ų죬ݳֳɫѾǵ֮ɫĳƣɲˡ
ѺĴָ
ԱߵڵӸǲޱȡݣʲôǿĶ
ѣݶԹĳúܴ󡣲֪ʮƷʯЩؿ͡
ԱߵڵӹӼǮ̫ߣ˵ͱӵһۣϽ˻ȥ
ʮƷʯЩ͵ϡ
뷨Ʒʯ㹻ˡӶԷȷʵҪݰ򲻿˺ˬ󷽡
ôܸое㲻ԾʹԷҪҲûҪǮôߡֻҪĽ׾ͳˡ
˸ۣ͵˵ͷԡ
Ѽֱ˴æˡϲɫԼѾ壬ݿӹ鵤ԼǴ档
Ǵʦֻ֣ƷʯԱߵڵЩΪѵ˵
Щʯɷڵӱˡ
һ顣ӻóһƷʯ
ƷҲС͵ûʲô̵Ҫ󣬷ʮƷʯļֵһƷʯͬ
⻹ǲڵ۰Ͱ͵ؿŹ
ʦһ˴·ɣӳҪƷʯ˼Ƭ̣ڵ˵
ǡͷʦտһڵӵ˵ͷ׳Լķߡ
ڵ֮󣬹תͷ͵֪ϻû滨ݣжٹĳҪˣǮ϶⡣
Ҳֻǲŷôһݵģûжġ͵ЦЦ
׼üҩ㶫أ뻹ˡһ϶Ҫñɡ
ͶֺееĹﲻ̫ģ˵ΪʲôǱʶ뷨
̫ϧˡҲ̾һ
˴һңȥ㹻Ʒʯ
ͱ㽫ʮƷʯ˶˸ǡ
һֱ¶ϲɫذϵݣȵԶ֮ڵڰؿŹʵʦ֣ʮƷʯ̫һ㣿
޷ｫսһϻװãгһбһ˿⡣
ȴῪ֮ЩʯǻصԼϡֻϼѡǮߵʲôνأ
ңϾֻһݣﲻ̫ţ֮أпܵ滨кܴĿܵĲֹһꡣ
Ѿ֣ԼøϽϴ·ҳҪĲϣȻ鵤ԼΪܷڶʱͻ壬ɽ𵤡
Ǹʦܶһʲô滨һҪ㼱Ҵҵߵˡ
ͺ˻С·»ƣСں˷ܡȻɽûãͨʱĲ̽Ҳ˽⵽ʯļֵˡ
ֻһɫСݾͻʮƷʯģ


109 Ϭʯ
ͱҲеƴֵĸоǧ֮ǰ̾ϢԼôɾܵõʯôҲأ
Ťͷһ۸ղųԵˣһֵߣΪʦȥǸ
Цʦںһ
Ǹ˵̯λǰ͸˰ۣ࣬ŽǮ˿Ʒʯ
͵Ǹòˣ޲ð˼̯Ӹˡ
ȻֻƷʯҲԸԼϵʯ֮ʽٿ
ѣ֮ԲС˿ƷʯѾͼˡ˸첱Ӵ֣Ҳһ㲻
Сӣ㵽˭̵İôһëΣȻ֪СͲȻûķҲܿĳһʩչͿԾۼסˣԵ֮ʱóЧ
Ҹ˿˰ۣҲܴӶԷۼϿĳԷӦýɽûáпǧǰһλʿ̵ġ
ʿѡĲԼķʽǽԪľ̨֮С
ʦ䲻棡ЩؿͣƵ˵
ѯһʦƷʯļǮѾˡЩͷ˵ȻǸʿǼľ˵̨֮УҲӦ֪﷢һС
ǸʦѾһǰˡɫЩ
գ۾кЩζ
˵ʵͻͦ˵ġ
ѡķʽԼһҪҪԼĴȥλʿֻԼĻǿռ˵壬ʶ
Ƕᡣ
ѡᣬҵѾķˡ
ǸʿȻѾ۹ȴѾϴ۷ľˣΪܿɹ
㲻˵ˣҲ֪ʶʶʦҶǧǰʿжǸѾͬЩ֮ͬġ
ˣ͵£׼ٿۣó˿ƷʯʱԱͻȻһ˷ܵؽеʦʦú档
ʲôŤͷȥֻһȭͷʯͷʯͷһһףȻɣʯͷֳһԲ̬֮˹̵ĺۼ
˿ϣԪ˳ʯͷȻӨӨطâ
Ϲ˼ҵĶһŵԴ
¡æ˰֣ʯͷʲôûп¼
¼ʹùʯͷ£仰֮һ¡
ǰʼ򣬡ʯͷȻͲҲͲĹЧʶһЩ
üͷһ£ʶһʯͷ̽һʵҲȷʵ˵صʯͷȷʵͲĹЧԼһЩõϢҵ˵ʯͷͨͲҪܼظ౶Ϣ
ǡ͵ʶᴩʯͷʱ򣬾ȻʯͷмеŹ֡
ʯͷȻǸ壬ɺ񻹿Էֿ
ңͳԵںɫǰʯͷµϢʱ򣬰ɫǱȻһ΢
ֻ΢СʶǿĻ̽
ʯͷŪģͰϵʯͷʵ
ڵ·ϼ񵽵ģؾȴû뵽еãԾͰڷ￴ûҪˡ
ȷʵеãضһѡ񡣡Խʯͷ
ǰҲһͲѡЩִٵЦЦ
һЦǺܺΪǧǰʿ͵Ҳ˼ٸһȥˡ̾˿ɣ֮Ͱ˵ļǮ˿Ʒʯʯͷ͸ҡ˵֮ԳЦЦָŵСҵģЩصĶȽϸȤ
˿һۣĿһֱǸʯͷϣε˵ͷðɣʯͷҲ˶ʯˡ
ԵȣҰѷȫ¼ȥ˵һ֮ǿͲĿϥϡ
һң˲һƣվͲ˹鿴һǷ⡣
ҲӹͲɨһۣȷûκ֮󣬴ӻóһƷʯ˹ȥ
̵ؽǿڰ׷ʯͷģͣذš
εؿͣͨ죬ֵѣûʯ㣬а˿Ʒʯô
ҡҡͷȻᣬȥʯ򿪡
߻ظղݵĵط˵ԵɣǸڵӺܸɴʮƷʯȡϵƷʯ
˿ƷʯǸˣͿԺܼģ˫ֶǲġ
Ҳѹְһɢޣûбû֧֣Լ˻ҪһЩ
һӵôԼʯƷʻ͡
ͲЩˡ
ǸˣС·»˺ôһᣬûзʲôر۵Ķ˱ֻصס
ԼŶҵĵЩɢ޺Զ֪⼸ĽײǿθˣóĶӵΡ
ֻ֮ܵʽʼˡ
ϻʣ²ƷʯжЩƵҲΪʯ÷ֻܸɵ۵顣
ͷһھڶࡣ
֮ʱѼôδûˡ
صסŻ˷ܵ״̬УǸڰʯͷһС
ʯͷҡͶ֡
ʲôʯͷŽʯͷƨɺ棬װģʵ
ʯͷеá
ҵġգŴ۾
֪ģȸоһ£ʱٻ㡣Ϳ˵
˵˵ʯͷʲôáŲĵ˵
ȷеüĿĸϬʯ
ʲôĸϬʯźʵ˵ĸƵأֻýʯͷ˹ȥ
޲ʷ˫Ϭһͨ仰ɣĸϬʯ־Ǹġʯͷϸţ򵥵ؽһϬʯԼϢһϬʯˣ۸˶ԶҲ˲֪
ô棿žˣҲߣСԴ۾ϵĺڰʯͷ
浹棬Ҳȷǲǡ
ǲ͸绰һ
Ȼͷɣɱ׽ĵ绰öˣɽ֣Ҳʹá
β׬ˣ˷ܵС졣
ٺ١ͼЦѡ
Ŵ͵ļǣͿˣȴҵƭ˼ҡ
ҿûƭ͸ϽΪԼѣĲ֪⵽ǲĸϬʯǵĻҲ˵ˣĸϬʯ¼ҹһҲûõŵĵط
ԼͲͬˡ
ͻе㵣ģŶɸһʱô졣ĸϬʯ۸˶ԶҲ˲ϵϡ
ɱȴʹˡ
ȥҿⶫ˵ȿе󷨣Ȼϥ˴ϡ
Ҳһ˹תľ
ʶ͸ʯͷУȷʵܸܵʯͷĹŹ֡
ղʱ̫ûϸ鿴ھ֮ͷ֣ÿԼʶ͸ʯͷмʱ򣬶һŲȿյĸоҲ˵ʯͷܲɷֵģмиֽߡ
ңͻ˼ΣÿںɫǱӡʶʱ򣬰ɫǱ߶һЩ΢ķӦڰɫǱ飬ɫǱͬˡ
пĸϬʯأ͵Ĳڴ
ôܽʯͷֿأ
͵һ뵽ԪеԪʯͷУʯͷؽˡ
ʯͷмķֽߣͳŽԪһ⵶ֽУ뽫ʯͷƿ
ʼʯͷһ㷴ӦûУ͵ҲؼӴԪʱţôԪʯͷһ㶯ûС
⿪еķӡûһ
ҲֻǸŭ֮µ뷨Ҫ⿪ķӡȲ˵ʯͷܷȻӿ϶ñյ
ѵԪƲü롣
ԼһԪɲͨʿܹģʼʱ˵ؽ𵤵𾢣ͼ쳣صԪҲͨʿϼ
ԼԪƲĻǿֻнڵʿԪƿʯͷˡ
ʶأ룬ƿʯͷȻԪеĻͲ֪ʶɲˡ
ûо֤ɶҲǸ취ֻһ¡
ûеԪ͵ƾʶ֮ʯͷУȻͣм䡣
ʶӦ֮£мĽ޺ܷ
ؼӴԼʶ֮ʶ֮ǿͷоԼʶ߸ѹסˣйܵĴ
ָоأʶ׾ٵعʯͷУɵʶǿ֮ʯͷȻڷ
ϷͷһϲٲɣӴԪ֮йբĺˮһ㣬ӿʯͷ֮С
Ӧ֮£ֻһ죬ѹסĴٲڣȡ֮һ泩
ƤϵʯͷѾһΪһףһڣ˿ʡ


110 
ɹˣѣſʵ
Щ˷ܵشŴ֣ʯͷƬ̣ɫǰݸţţ顣
źɫǰʯͷ߳⣬׼һ򣬽һƬ֮УƮ㲽һ˲ܳԶ
ܶʱϵʯͷͻȻ΢΢˹â̽ʶһӦһϢʹʯͷ˹ȻǱߴġ
ʦǲϬʯ
¡ʶһ䡣
ۣܸܵ˵Ļ
ȻᣬԶ㿴ûЧͻһ֮ҿˣ׳˴ɽ̤ڷɽ֮ϣ˼ٷɳ۶ȥ
ôһһ߸죬ڿȷˣԼϵʯͷĸϬʯ
һʶһϬʯӡϢһϾͿյһ㵢ʱ䶼ûУûӰȫ൱졣
һֱһӣ͹źŵľмʮԶˣ˿ӰϬʯЧ
Բ鰡ĸϬʯȷʵ˲䴫Ч
˸תַɻס¸߰ذϵİɫϬʯͻվ˷ܵʵʦϬʯĿӣĿĸ
ֻԵ˵ˣûϸĻ֡ͽɫʯͷŽؿڴղأϬʯҲղغáԺʦͽǲһĻҲʱҵԷ
صص˵ͷ
õôʹ֪ЩҪͷֿҲûǰôˡ
һλûջϬʯ;׬ˡ
ʣ¾ûʲôˣС·µĽ׳Ҳȥˣֻܵȴʽٿ
˾ȥɽдҰζĵʱ˶дȻ͸ƤƵغճͣȴһ㲻
Сֻ֪Լʵǿˣʸʱҡ
֮ɢ޴ʽٿڵĵӶæµ쳣ȥҴҡ
ǸŮʿܿһ˵ס֪ͨ˴ʽٿҸ֪δٿ̡
ôʱĳﻮ͵ȴɢ޶ˡЩУ󲿷ֶǧǰʿ֮ûʯܵġһЩڵɢޡȻɢ޴ᣬȻһͬʣɢ޶һ
ͷ컹Ǹ֮ǰһڵӺ͸λɢɽףֻβССˣڻЩɢޣóֵĶûһǵֵ
ָƷʵʯȫˮ棬ȴԵ˵ĵ
ⲢûʲôҪעģʦͽѾ졣
ܿȴ͸¶һϢǾڴһ죬֣һЩصƷԸλɢ޾͵׼һˡ
˶ЩȤȻԼɫĹȡ
ͦãܿĽ֮͵˵ͷ
Ѿٿλȥȥ֪ͨѣǡܿЦţת߳⡣
ڽĵͿڴѾã֮ܿһֵߣȥ
ŸϽϣСҲ˷ܵɫ
С·壬ν׵ĵصȴС·ɽˣתƵС·֮ϡ
ͷ쳣ɽţֻмʮڵػţһſеơ
С·廹õ쵽ӣͽӵݸһˣǸڵӼһֻ֮ͣ˴ֱߣԵִ嶥ˡ
̬Ȼص˵ͷųС·ȥ
ʱʱأôһͬͲȫ嶥ϸȥģûһ˴
һ缲ǵӣͰԺЦӣЩɢ޶ڴδٿ
Цݣ;Լе㱥֪ɢŪʯǺѰûʲôĻֻԼĶŹߵȥ
Ͳҡͷ̾Ϣ
˰ʱŲִ嶥֮ԶԶأϻҪֵһĻǰ˹Ҵ˵ˣʶӦ֮£ǰȺۼ֮ǴΪңΪֲٺöԵʡ
ȥһ࣬һ˸ɧһɽС
Ա߷˸ۣС紵ú˵ġ
˷嶥С·ȻǸɽ壬ɵ˵صʱȴȻط֣嶥Ǳһƽһ㣬أռΪ·ɢ޺ڵȫۼ
ͷ쿴ҪϺüӦμӴɢޣȫۼڴ˵ˡ
ʶǿ΢΢ӦһЩرߵɢͬǣ඼Ѿͻ֮ˣмﵽľ磬̶̼ʱ䣬ƾŵľ飬ΪҲ̫졣
ȻҲһЩͣϴڵɢޣǲ֪ǵǲǧǰʿˡ
ٳЩ̯λϸӦһڷĶһǾƷͷֵĶᲢۡ
ͣҲЩ˷Ҫ˵ˣ͵䣬˹ȥ
̯λڵĵ֣ɺϵǣݻȡʯǸӣǰʯѾǹڣڷŵĲƷˡͷۿȥȫƷʯϸߣ
̵ģʹͲҪʯʹеؽ𵤣ôƷʯҲһڿˮ
ЩԱ߹ɢǣҲһ¶̰ɫ
̯λǰۼɢ࣬λɢͬ϶ŲͲڵּۻۡһæǸڵҲвʦֵڰš
ٿȥˣٿȥ˵Լõʯ棬͸Ͻųȥ
ȺȻӵɴҶʿȻӦ죬Ҳûзײ顣
һһͲԵǿĵţһضЩȤ
Ѱ˰ʱ䣬ͲҵԼĵ
һɢһиǷΧһʩƬĻ𺣱ᳯ˹ȥ˷ʤ
һףɢӦǣһǵ幥۹ΧȻܺǰȣ۹еоһָ
ֹ׵簡ʿҲе̸ɫ䡣ΪȻ񱩵׵ӵʸ񡣴ţʵﵽ췣綥֮ʱÿʿҪһ٣ٵҪɲ֣ס
ʱ򣬼ʵǿʿҲпֹܱ׵Ļɢ
ѰЩĺнǿʲôѡʲô
ԼΪ̫齣ƵԵʣԺߵıضǽֽ·ߣԵЩֻǸˡ
Ϳǵš
ЩҲҶʿû̫Ҫ󣬵Ȼʵ̫ͼʩչЩҲûʲôɱ
ҵͷ컻ԼʦͽϾֲͬԵĵˡˣٶĻе̰ˡ
ļǮҲͣʲͬǣɱ˵ĵԼǮҪ࣬Ʒʯ
˼һƷʯڵĵӻ˼հ׵Ͳ׼¼ͲУԼ
æһУһ֮þǴˡ
ŤͷһţСӻ²Щ̯λϰŸָķüϲ֮ɫ
ˣҲŻȥʣµʱ͵۽ɡ
͸ճϼͻȻһ¡
ӦøСԷõķˡŵΪѾϴ㣬Ͻչ֮󣬽չӦûܿ죬һͻϴڣִ֮ûизǸöຮװ
ϵķֻһжѡ
ߵߣ΢ЦؿСӻרעذϵһذ״ҧ촽һƬϲģ
ҪҪʵ
Ťͷ˷һ£漴ϽҡҡͷҪҾǿѡ
վ˶̯ʱ󷭰ۡ
ֵһϵذ׷ƷƷˡ
ڿ˺ݾС·ϰڳķûƷµĶҲ֪Ʒ׵ˣ϶벻Щɢ޵ķۡ
ҲõķˡŤͷһȦʵûпʲôģ
ʦĲҪʵءѵ
ЩȻʧЦСӵԴʵȷʵһʵﵽ֮ġΪʦֲʱȥҺʵķ
ҲŶͻȻ˹
˵ɣʲôˣΪʦһС«һھơ
ϵĶǲ١ŤŤģüĿһɴҹģҲ֪ѡʲôҪʦҿɡ
ߣǰ·ͻ˻֡
ԭСӿϲٶҲ˵»Ǯû˵
ҪͻȻ磬˵˾뿪ڡ
ͨ㣬;͸оеھΣ⼸Լˡ


111 귨
Ⱥ͵Ĵ֣һ㴩Ⱥ֮С
ܿ˱һ̯λǰЩ˷ܵش̯λһģķתݸ͵ʦ㿴
һƷķֱоƷʻԪ˳ʱһâܣȻǰγһ׼Ľϡ
ŶԵķʵЩ졣
ֺ֣ܶģģеģģд󲿷ַֹһܣͱ˵͵ĴȿɷУֿɹ෱ֵ࣬Ҳû֡еʿһ֪ͬǾǷԵķڼֵҪͬƷ׵
ԷƲףõķټ
͵ĻǸ̯΢΢һЦĴָѺǿԪ
ӵʹԸԪйϵԪԽǿγɵϸǷΧԽ
͵ЦЦὫӷ£תͷŵʺڵ㡣
һЩʧ
ԷȻܺãڵʵֻʹһԪ̫ʹҲǿ͵Ѱҵܷеķ
һʦġŵ˵ͷڷණһ㶼
СӸղйʱвٶһ·߹ȥۻƵؿţһһţȻȽϡ
һֱƵ˰ʱ֣ͲŴڶ෨ҳһʺŵ
һ꣬һŮ˼õķƷʸƷ൱Ҹ̯˵һŮԳϣŮϸޱȣ仯֮Ч
̯Ľܣͽϣ˳ԪС͵֮£귭ȥƬ֮㶨ͳΪһֻСģ
ԱСȭͷһ˷֮ɫضŽ꣬ͲûϿšҪˡ
𡣡ͽϵСһףһ⣬ԭֻаƴССӭţ˲ųһ׸ߣ׳Ĵ
ӫԭǻ֮ɫԴҲҫ۵ĺɫų򣬾ͣڿС
Ȼ֮Ҳ鶯
һĻܿ콫ԱߵʿĿ˹ڵģһ¶Ȥ̬
һ˴ıϣ֮£껯ɵĴչ˳򣬺һ·ɳԶ
ٶȺܲûʿٶˣ֮󣬿»һЩ
ҽ仯ҲֹԷжѣܷ͸ѡ񷨱ı׼
һᣬͿŴһֻɽ̬Ʈ䵽Լϡ
ʦץ͵ĸ첲۰Ͱ͵ؿ
ô෨⻹Сӵһ¶̬֪ǿˡ
ֹſУԭû֪ôһģȫΧ˹
ѣ֪ⷨôһɢȵؿϵĽ̯꣬ѯʵ
ʮƷʯ߻ȡͬȼֵĹ̯¶΢Цش
仰ʿɫһ䣬ܶ˻ҡҡͷת뿪ˡ
ҲһⷨҲ̫һЩƷѣֵôʯ
̯ɫҲ֪е۵˼档
ȻɣҲСɽⶫһ֪Ůõġһʱó϶ҪЦټЩɢǴ඼ԼıȻ棬˼ȴûԵǮ̯֮ǰվŵҲûˡ
ʦͽʣŮʿ
ͽ˻ȥŤͷһŮʿһۣһòͨһ˿欣ˮ۾ؿһۣչһЦ
Ǹòͨʿҧ˰Σ̯λǰȥӻóһͲݸ̯˵㿴
̯Ͳʶ̽УƬ֮ҡͷǸ׹ֵ̫࣬󣬵ǲѡķ
ˡòͨŮʿЦһԭҲûĿԻֻһ˿뷨ѡ
ʦҲ߰ɣ̫ˡ̾˿
ȻῴߵԱߣͣص
ôҲСӿеĶۣҲҪĵȴѰ٣ѾǷźܶˡԺҲķ
ȵǸòͨŮʿ֮ʣһҡСߵ̯ǰ˸۸̯꣬ɺͷ촽һ£մյ̯ǰ˵˾ʲô
̯ɫʱ󾽣һҡͷͬʱŲ
Ц⣬ǸĵŮʿ̯
Ůʿھ壬̯ɫԽԽ죬ջûסһӵ֪ܡ
Ůʿһ㣬ˮ۾˲ˮֲ̯ҲеˣοǣοҲǣе޴롣
߰ɣˡ˰죬̯ޱȵ˵ĸƨƵء
Ůʿҧ̯һۣ顣
ʦʲôˣЦļ́ͷʵ
ûʲôͻҡҡͷŽԶȥ欱Ӱ
Ťͷ̯һµر飬ɫǵͨ죬ƵؿһȦԼϽƲĿ⡣
ϡһ֣ٴ̯ǰǸ꿪ʵѣ֪Ͷſϸ
ʮƷʯͬȼֵĹ̯Ǹ
ĲټһôҲ֪ɢŪʯܲ׵ġЦЦؿ̯
ôһֻ̯úղŵһж֪Ƶأԭƽɫǵͨ죬ǸջĶֻصڶˡ
ˡǳϽĶҲ̯۾һߣ˵
ʮΣͱ˵ؿ̯·ûղ˵Ļ
ѣͱΪˡ̯һôôˣ̯ں޲ð͸ɨС·塣
ʮɣƷǮҲֵˡңߡ·ܿ͸̯Ƶأͼͼӻ
̯ɫһ£㻺ҡҡͷ
̫ϧˡû׷ʡ
̯һԭΪӦû뿪ˣȴû뵽վԼǰһķ鿴ţϸޱȣһ߿Żһ߸ԱߵŮʿ˵š
鿴Ȼһղһޱϸؽţ䷨ƷΣַΣʹʲôܵȵȡ
̯ĶˡܸоʿʱʱؿԼһۣ̬⡣
ĥ˰ȻղǸŮʿջԼվ˽ŸɲܷϣһɲǣԼȷʵһЩ˼ȻЩӵУС·ôˣԼҲ˵ѳֲס
ʱ̯վâ̱䲻
ۿŶʿſԼ̯λһķ̯̲סĨһʮǰɣ
һ£漴͵ͷ
ҵʮƷʯ㣬ҲϽˣվǰ̯߷ߵ
һɢޣҵʮƷʯǼֱΡ
ԼڵӣҲûԼƷʯγС·ϵƷʯȫŵģԺɢǻȡʱġ
⻰˵ġ΢΢һЦ
˵Σ̯һ
ţϸͻͷŶһվţԼȴһ˳⼷ȥ
ϴһݻʮƷʯΪӦùˣȴû뵽׽⡣
ȻſǸ꣬Ҳ˲ñˡ˸εĵطС«һĨóһҵϴǸڵӵ̯λ
˰Σڵ̯λǰʿϡ͸Ͻ߹ȥݵϵʮƷʯ
ڵһ̧ͷͣŶһǵ㰡

һꣿڵӲֽӹɫݣ˼ؿ͡ϴһ˵ֻһţھȻóһ⣬֮ĲޣڵӵҲͣϴεĽ׻ҲûѯʾóʮƷʯ˹ȥ
лˡʯҲͣȥ
ʦһܿġڵóһϻݷ˽ȥ漴ִһ
ٻصǸ̯λǰʮƷʯϵʱǸ̯Ӷͻˣؿ͵㻹Ūˣ
ʮƷʯУʮǸղŻģĿǰ컻ģһǴǴٹġϵȫˡ
ҪҪһ£ѯʵ
̯ͷʯϼһ֮ſЦѣȻܻôʯղֱõͳˣαô鷳
ǺǣҵĶңŻôʯġͽ͵
ԭ̯ص˵ͷ漴˹ˡ
ͽӹӸţС˷ܵذţһƬҸ֮ɫ


112 鵤
ʱ󿪣ֵĵϲԽذŽ꣬ϲ֮Ա
ԴʮƷʯ˽֮˱С·塣
ʵҲûɶͷˣμҪĿĶѾɣ͵뷨ھ뿪ˣں᲻һЩʲôϡ䱦Լ顣
ñȥɡ
һҪ¼һţСҲԼദһʱ䣬ͱֻص
һϵһϵһϵʩչҲ鷳ΪԽߣʩչĵԽ󡣶ɽеĵʱ򲢲ܽΪжϣʶǿ
Ҳֲһڹȱ
ϸһеѵ͸һһ¼հ׵ͲУ㵽ʱԼߣҲ̫⡣
˵ˣԼӵĸϬʯȱʲôҲͨʶһ
˵μɢ޴ıջĸϬʯˣȫһŲݹͰͣ˸©ӡ
֮ǸܿŮʿȻһˣʦͽ˴Ѿһ죬ִƷϺʯݲݴ
պѾи͸ֽԼ¼ͲŵԼúñţԺȥˡ
มŽͲ͵͵ؿһۣʦȥȥ
Ѿһˣȥ
Ҳһʱ䡣Ȳμᣬ͸ð͵ϽɸУչȥˣ˵ü궼
ɫ΢΢߶ɢͬȴ֮꣬϶˷ܺڴɫҴС·ȥ
ͷͿôʯͷôڴһ죬ȻָõģҲѹЩɢǻ˷ܡ
ϧˣû͵ĸ첲пһ
ͷ죬ͺҲȺѰһҵӰͳֵӰϧûзֻ֣˵ǷûõϢߵõϢû
ܿٴС·嶥ϴμЩ̯λѾٲڣڰĻɢǰģѾյһɶ
ڵС·嶥еֻĵӣɢǶϣȴ֡
ǰһ޴ĸ̨Ѿмڵվ棬̨ϣ̴ľӣһӣ֮⣬
ͺʱѾۼ˲ˣ˸ط£½½ģԽԽ࣬˰ʱеĵӶˡ
ˣֹһ̧ͷһɫѾǰףϼ֮ɽ˳
أǿϢͻȻС·´˹Ѹٵس߽ӽšֻǼʱ䣬ϢѾС·嶥ǰֻâէ֣漴Ӱڸ̨֮ϡ
âȥջ˸Եķ¶ݡ
һһͷڣĸݣȴޱȡ˶ԼʮݣΪͬڵɢ޿Աġ
Ͳʶȥɨӣֻһۣжϳ˶ǽڵʿʵǿ
߸Լѹûͯ·Ҳ˵ʵڽںڣȴû壬Ҳн߰˲ˡ
ߵʵȻڳκһ˶Ҫǿȴûϣ϶һƵЦݣǸ˸ſ˵лλͬܲμӱٿɢ޴ᣬ⼸Ǹλڣջ󣬺ĳȴлλѵ֧ˡ
ٿʱնݣпܵĻĳ˵Ǻϣܺ͸λͬٶཻһʱ䡣ѾһˣҲ֪λҰףܲԼڽ죬׼˴ƷʵƷλ󡣵Ȼڵһһž׼ƷиȤͬͲпԼܹ롣ҺͱŵλϣһһĸλͲмѡ񡣡
һ˵ŵһߣǱߵڵһһӣߵλɢߣϷŵȫǿհ׵Ͳÿ˷һ
ͺҲһһ
ˣ׷ʽȻʽȴһڼûٴμӼ۵Ļᡣ
˼Ҷ˵ˣԶȤͿԼĳ롣ĻڿȫȨҺôǴС
滰˵꣬ڳϼڸ̴̨ľϡ
һ֣һڵǰһ߳ɽվڸ̨֮˵ƷɽħʱɰרаħȤĵѿͲпԼļ룬ڵǰȥȡ
ƷС˵
⼸ĶĿȾСҲ֪˲ɽϢͷĽ꣬ҲƷϵĴͬҲƷġһ˵ɽֻƷеʧ
ȻƷɽаħ֮ˣɽܷӳȴֹƷˡ͵ЦЦ
ɰҲƷʱһ㣬֮󷨱Ҳһ㡣
ԣԵġԺаħҲЧ
˵ʱѾкüɢͲڿԼļˡ
Ƭ֮һڵߵǼȤɢǰǵͲһһȡͬʱһƬհͲȻ̨ϣصݸ˺ߡ
̨ڳһһ鿴һֱ˴˴һ߱Ǹڵһ
漴ڵħһɢǰ΢Цλѣ¼ķħˡ
Ǹɢ޵˵ͷĿ¼
̣û֪Щɢ޿ļ뵽ʲôĻɢṩ˺ܺõıܴʩ
ɢ޻ڿ¼ǱߵȻھС
óĻһƷȴƷ˸ղŵĻɢ޷׷׶һʱ䣬˶æµڵһһǰȡͲٸλϼ顣
ʦεķܲءŲװš
ðɣⶫȻ˵ƷԽԽãҲøԼΪѡȡһܺãܷӳǿͺ񴿾һ㡣
ķɽʩչƣԲдʩչ
ǰ漸ǿθˣ֪Ҳ֪ǼǿθˣҲ˶ˣһʱޱȡ
ͺ˶Щûֻ۽翴ţҲһζ
֮óĶԽԽأзвϣҲĸߵ͹֮ġ
ҶûȤģ󲿷ֶɢ֮ͬͣԴ
ٽʱС·嶥һƬӲӵ֮Уеڣڵˣɢǣޱȸ߰׷ڴһƷĳ֡
ʱǸڵһӨ͸ƿ˳עڵһߵʱ򣬻۾һ߿ϵƿӣʱʱһĨȵɫƿеĶҲޱ
鵤һƿʮţ֮Ϊʿڵ촽˵
ͬһʯͷƽĺ棬ɢһը˹
ſϷ̬ͣҲ΢΢ˡ
鵤֮󣬾ͿʿƾΪǺöڵɢޣʮа˾ŶʿɢǵѨһƿ鵤
ǺãǺϡ٣ԽʾĹء
϶̴ľϣֺǺǵЦţһ͹á
ҪԽ࣬ǾԽܴѡһЩö
ȻǸڵӻһ˵꣬ʿϵͲ΢΢׹⣬Ҷڿˡ
Ʋһ۵ʦ㲻ҪôҲڵʿء
Ҫʲô⣿Ͳ˷ۡ
ԼΪͣͲǰҲֻҵΪƾ鵤棬ҲܰԼ㡣
֮ĶҪš
ǡװûкöõĳһеؽ𵤣ƵʱҲҪ鵤ΪҲȻˡ
һƿ鵤ɢмȻ󲨡
鵤ȷκ˶ԷãֻҪΪСԿ۵رࡣЩȡͲڵһʱæתһһܿ죬ڳǰͶһͲ
һһģʱʱüͷʱʱ¶ϲɫвɢǿļĶ
Щ۵ɢҲһѺˮ۰Ͱ͵ؿ̨ϵĶʱʱɨһƿ鵤ޱڴԼܹĵ
ʱһţϻڲЩͲ
ܴһͲǶһߣֻʮ֮һͲӵһ䡣
ʱϲŴԵزһ˶һַۣ鿴ǸͲһһɸѡ
ǰֻʣͲˡ
Ҳ˵ʤͲо


113 ʷǿ
һӼž
̨ϵ䶯ţмضļֵߵ͡
̨µɢǣҲס˺Լͬأȫ鵽ƿ鵤ϡ
̹⣬·ѩʳĶǡ
Ľ̰ʣ̾Ϣһ㡣Ҷڴ˭õƿ鵤
˭õʹţٿ̺ܳһʱĿޡ
ֹԵЩţ߿˿С־ס䡣
̨ϵº۲ûܳãʱ䣬ԭƽֵ̽ڳԱ仯ԱߵλͻأӣĿԣ첱ӴֵģͲͣ䶯ţߣҲһΪѡ
ǣмصĶǺȡᰡ°͸˵
ջѹѹ֣ϲֹۣͣ˴ŤԴ˭Ҳ˭ӡ
վǰͲһ˴ҵע˵лλѵλ鵤ӳҵȵϡϼһɸѡѡͲǡǻ޷оϳĿͲмصĶֵ˵ʵͲеĶԻȡһƿ鵤鵤ֻһƿ
߶˶٣¶һĨЦʣͲλѵģ
۹·Ⱥ΢΢һ¡
΢΢ЦЦ֪ˡĳλѣ˭Ըξģ֮ôԭһЩʯ
˵֮߱վﾲصȴ
Ⱥжʱ˽ͷӶ
û˻ɡ
ҪкʵĶҲóȥˡ
⻰ǲʯڵɢȻ󣬿ɰδٿҶٶŪһЩʯˣ鵤ΪĶֻһƿһҡ
Ȼ̨ϵȴ˺ôһ֮󣬱㻺ҡҡͷλѶڱصð˵껹Լ̫ѨһѰı顣
Ƭֿ֮˵ȻλҪ鵤ĳи飬֪λԸⲻԸ⡣
˵ͬˣֿ˵ƿ鵤һΪλȡһΣ
һڣɢ޶ɵˣͿղźߴǸʿɫá
Ȼ飬ͲеĶͿԻһƿ鵤ˣڱôһ˵ֻܻƿôȫռˡ
Ӧûô򵥣ͷֲɵȻռ˱˵飬
Ȼ΢΢һЦȻƿ鵤ļֵȻûλṩĶλͬĳĻȴ֮󣬿ṩһЩʯ߲֮Ķλƿ鵤ʧλѡȡΣ
⵹ǺˡͰԵͷ
ٴμžҶڵȴʿĴ𸴡
һʱ֮ԭվ̨ϵ߻Ȼ۾һĳݣȻλԸ˷䣬ֻʣһ취ˡ
ʲô취ʵʼ
ôô;ͷĳеĸо
λṩĶֵ൱λռ鵤ĻֻټӼˡλṩĶֵҵȻжϡ
ñӰȫһ뷨
ղŶ˵ˣṩĶÿһԻһƿ鵤ȴòټӼۣȫǿķǳҪ鵤
߻һ˵꣬ٴ߻ϣϾ¡
Ƭ֮һڵȺеչͲ̨ϣݸϡ
ɢһ۵ı顣
û취̫Ҫƿ鵤ΪˣҲֻƾ˼׸
εļӼۣܿ˽ڳϵУƿ鵤ܿ˹ͿǸɢޡ
ΧһƬϲǸɢϲԽ鵤˫ֶЩȻ˸ղŵĲ졣
鵤һ֣ɢޱվͣسС·ȥʹ뿪˴ᡣ
ղ鵤ϣҲǸֵɽ˵ͱ˭ˡɱ˶ᱦ£Ҷɹ뿪طΪ
һˣûмٴ֡
鵤ĳ֮ó˴ĲϣкüƷʯĳ֡
ɢһ۾ĸһƴһͼҵ׾ྺۡ
ʱţȴûоδûȻǸСɣļҵȴɢǿԱģóĶǺûɫȻôҿ۽ͬʱй
ߣҲĽζ
Ϧ֮ʱҲؽβ˶Īؼ
һ죬óĶôҺ˷ܣǣõĶ
ÿ˶ڴţѹ׵ɶҲڰԴ⡣
̫һɽһ֮ʱ̨λϻ࿴һۣһЦվ˳ߵǰһȦ㿪˵ŸлλܹͨμӴᣬջΪ˴лҵ֧֣һǱž׼Ĵͣλͨ׼Լõĳġ
⻰һҵθȫɢŲţ뿴һɶ⡣
ǺǡԼĺ룬һο֮ɫεƷǸλδҲ뵽ģĳ˵ɽǧĵһΡ
Խô˵˾Խڴ͵Ҳǹתš
ͷǵθڣС޲һŽͷȥϷϽϳ
˵ˡߺǺһЦΪ飬ۼΪʵҹע˴δһ
߻һ䣬ǰһ죬ƻͷȥֻһ֣С·Ѹٷ⴩ɢ޵ͷȵ䵽˸̨֮ϡ
һ˲䣬˵ıǿУᵽһƢ㡣
Ů˵ζζ
â֮󣬳ǰģһ޴ķɽɽվ绨Ůӡ
ٵĿˢˢͶŮ˵ϣʿǵ˲¶һɾ޵ɫ
ŮˣŮԼʮͷѩ׵ļָƣοңĵĿС
һŮӣ崿ˣԲԲС۾˵еӤʣǷʵǡô·һ󣬾ˮƵء
мһŮӣ欣˿ͷ߸ظͦһյС˫ˮεӣֻһۣòģŮ˾Ȼڵ֮¡
ұǸŮˣһٸĴ磬ͷһᣬԺϹ˵΢Цƽ׵һְȫСȻͲ󣬿ɵʱȴϵܰĴǸ˵⣬֪Щ˾ܸĸо
Ůˣ̬ͬ鲻ͬһ־˴ҵ۹⣬ʿǵĿһһɨǿҵӾͻˬ
Ҳ࿴˼ۣźݺݵһѡ
ÿ߼˼ҧгݵʵ
һ㡣Υĵš
Цš
ͿɲֹǵòһŮˣڵΪˡʿȫܿ㡣
ŮȻۣʿʿû̫µĿͶϣʧƬ̶ѡ
ع֮󣬴ֶɻˡ
ѾһˣȻŮ˳֣ǿ϶Ķйϵʲôûãʱֻһ޴ķɽѣһŮսڡ
ѵƷǸɽҲ԰ǷɽûʲôԾĵطƽ
ɻֽĿͶŵϣڴܸһ͡
۹·Ȼղ˵̬ս۵ףЩãվŮǰ˵λ֣ܺŵһʲô
ںĳΪҽ𰸣һǡǣԴ˵꣬תһָվŮˡ
̵ġһ𾪡
仰ͬʱɢҲ˲ɴӡ
Ϣʵ̫ˡ
û뵽ڵһȻŮˣ
鲻ͬŮ
𺳹¶ɻɫܴһ˲²Լǲˣ
ֺǺһЦλûĳҲûҿЦŵһλӵĹ
ɢǵĿʱشŮǸ崿˵Ů·ЩܲЩĿ⣬мŮ߿˿һıϧ
ֱʰͲпޱȡ
ŮȲòΣӵڵΪѾˣǵǰţûڳЩɢ޵ľ顣
ڸЩͷʲôŮʿȻܳϣҲȷʵһңɶкôô
ɢϹȻҪĹǣʿǱڼֵɱЩҪߺܶġ
ʵЩڻʲô֡
һ˲䣬͵Ժת˺ܶͷ


114 ˾ҩ
һƷĳ֣˵۾
дĦͬʱ̲ס̨ȥ鲻ͬŮʿʵеϧ
ڿǵͬʱҲڿˡת䣬·δ̬ò˺Ӵˡ
ȲǵòΣڵΪڳʿܹǺϼ˫޵ĻǾռ˴ˡοǳĳŮء
ѹ˵ɧ¶΢Ц˵εǾλӵͬ⣬ԸġԴҾܵطģһɹ⼸λӽеĳλѽɰ£ϼ˫ޡңŻԸλṩ޹ȻеӵиõĹǾͰˡ
վ̨ϵŮʿЩ죬ʹԴһ紵˿۵СŮ̬ʿв԰ˡ
˵ΪϲĻŵλӣǱ֮СδӴŮ֮¡߼
仰˵ŮӶǴ֮
ŮɫȻǵͨ죬ŲӶһС־Լ䡣
һ˲䣬ײ
Ȼεϣͼţûô˵顣˼ʿûôƽ޹ʵó
߽Ů˵ԽãԽ˫Ȼʱ򿪳ĳͻԽߡ
Ӧв뵽㡣
ǣ磬Ӣڣĺϼѣĸ˵ʿģ
˫ܿٵʵһŮӣʵһõĺ°
λ̬ͬѾ˵ԱŰŵ⣬ĳοԼĳ룬һ΢Цڳͬİ֮ڣţ϶ôˣλӵ
ˣնھ͸ÿˡ
һ߼˵λӴСڴɽУΪڵˣǲԸ뿪ɽԵȻλĵһλӣǵԸҲһǾǼţΪڵһԱ
ֶΰͲ̾һ
ڵŮӣסǧǰʿڲڳɢޣİ֮࣬ôѡˣҲǧǰʿĶˮ׼ӵеͼʶյĹڵʿܹġ
οİ˵ݣǧ֮ǰҲȫɢޣҲһЩɵĵӻ߸߲绨㣬ΪĳЩԭ¹Ϊһɢޡ
ңôһĻŮӻڵˣƽ׵ӵǧ꾭ʿô׬ˡ
˶ɵⷬԭŮòеʿʱ
˻ҡҡͷ̾ϢһջĿ⣬ҲЦһ̫ðǸȴ¶֮ɫ
˵ʵ֪ڴʲộǧǰɢޣûǧǰΪ
ܹӵһ绨ĵѺϼ˫ޣҲкôΨһһȱǴӴ֮󣬱ˡ
΢΢һЦ·ϵ˻˷ӦƵأֽſ˵ǺͱλӽɺϼѣڵֱͬӳΪŵŵӣÿṩʯͲңڣ˴·⣬еطԿѡ񣬽ԼĶŵ֣֮ᡣ
һػˡ
ЩղŻ¶֮ɫɢһȵس̨Ͽȥ
ڵѴûĵطûʯŪһڣͻ˼Ұһṩ㣬£ֱŵҲҰ
ڴʲôҶ֪޷ǾǧǰĹһЩʧĶˡʲôϵأʱڣŮһ˽ɺϼ֮󣬴Ҳһˡ
ͬδٿĿһ㡪ظȡ衣
ɢǵķӦߺ⣬̨ϾƬֿ̱˵ŵλʵ̫ˣͷҲýھͳȥԽ͸ղвͬڣʼͬͲھܶؿ¼Լĳ룬ȻͲдλӳΪϼѣȻ˱ɫҲԲֹдһӡȻϼһϡѡһЩҪͬգбŵӣѡ񵽵׺λѺϼ˫ޡ
ΪϼҲãҪǻ࿴ۣϼʲô⡣
Ȼڳ˵Ůӣʫ续ǵνҲչŮ˵ĸܡ
߻һ˵꣬
׹΢΢ð𣬴Ҷ˷ܵͲڿ¼Լĳ롣ҿҲһЩ޶ԣҲֻռ˺һ֡
ʿòˣҲǷǳҪŮˡʿĿΪ˫޾һЧ;
Ļеʿ¼֮󣬿ңһæµʱԼĳǲеˣĵؼͲų롣
һڼʧ˾ûټ۵Ļᣬȫǹעһ
ʱ߲֮վ˳ֹͣһЩڵϵͲȥ
ɫѾˣϮȴû赲һſŻ궯ġ
С·ȼ˵ƹ⣬嶥ĵƻͨŮ˻վһһޱȵĸо
λĵȺ򡣡˵꣬ͻصԼλϣϿʼͲصˡ
εľģʿѪڳϿһüЦϲԽ
˾͵ҩ仰ûһǽЩɢ޵ļҵȫ˳
λϲĵʱԭгƽĳʱЩˡ
ͺЩûĵʿν˭Ҳǵ¡ɲ뾺ĵʿĵûʧˡ
εļģ˺ܳһʱ䡣ڼûһ뿪С·壬ǲ뾺ĵĺû뾺ĵģЩڴĵ
ʱ֮󣬼ٿͲλڳϲ鿴ˣҴѡ˴ʮ
ʮ黹ֳݣÿһݶӦһŮӡ
ϽЩͲֱ𽻸ŮӣŸ¼ЩͲ̨
Ⱥվʮˡ
ÿ˵ͲԼʶӡǣ˭ѡУ˭ûѡУҶ֪
ҿţͻȻ˳͵ʦǸˡ
ĸ˳ŵָͳǰȥʱȻޱȡ
ȻǸװ׾СӣԼͷ컹̯λѰҵĸϬʯһҧǸϵļǮͼ
û뵽ҲѡˣյĶٰпĸǧǰʿ²ӡ
Сһ˷ܣ׾Ǻ⣬·СȶӶڴڡ
Ҳѹ֣ǳɽʿûֹžԣͻȻпܳΪŮӵĺϼѣȻ˷ܡ
ʮȥȻطֳɡΧŮӵߡ
һ£Ǹ崿ŮˣǸĵŮ׾СӾУʣµٸŮ࣬߸ˡ
˰ζôࣿͲпһ崿ģĲ졣
ٸŮ˵Ǵ֮ɾ͸һ͸ˣһĵİȫС
ŤͷһţйţǰȥϲҲ١
̨ŮӶ¶ɬǸ崿ŮӸǲ֪룬Դ͵ظȥˡ
ŮһǣǱѡеİ׾СҲǾнޱȣǵͨ죬һֺǺɵЦţһ͵͵ƲԼߵŮӣһɧģͺЦ
վ˳վĸλѾͨϼһˡڵ˭ҵõλӵͲܸˣʣµ飬дͷӾͲŲˡ
߻˵֮һЦݵ˻ȥ
ֻ̨ʣŮӺЩɢǡ
ѡеɢͬǻ࿴һۣʱĬƬ֮󣬴ҶŮǰƼԼһʱ۲ݣ
̨µɢҲֺǺǵؿţ͵Ϸһ㣬ޱȹ񫡣
ûʱ䣬Ǹ崿ŮͻȻ̧ͷץסΧߵɢһĴ֣Ҳ˵ҧ촽
һĻɵҲôˡ
ϷɢǶʱرһ
Ǹ崿Ůѡеɢһĺ⣬˷ޱȣͷ崿ŮӵĶ˵˾ʲôŮ΢΢ص˵ͷ
ʣûѡеģһʧ
û뵽Ů˵ͦġͲЩ졣
崿ŮӵĴͷǸٸŮھһʱѡ֮Ҳѡһɢޣס˶Էĸ첲վ
ѡеɢͶֵˡ
ʣһŮ˿ɨΧԼߵ˰ζų̂µ˽Ҳվߵ˽ޱȡ
ʦ˵ѡ˭ءʵ
ӦûѡΪһİɣ˫£ʵԽС˫õĺôԽࡣʹ
٣Ǹ׾Сˣ̬ͬȣϾֻϴ趥ʵûﵽĲΡ


115 
ʵȴٴβҧԼͷ
ŮӾεĳ֮󣬾Ȼ˿ûЩԼǰëԼɢǣȺһֻܷܷ֣˱˵İ׾Сǰ
ɬĵĺ̬޷תĿ⡣
ֵС·ҲһͻȻе졣
׾СӱͻһԴɵؿѾߵǰŮˣڴڵش׾Ҫжж졣
ҿֹͣڳļɢ޶û뵽
Ϊ׾СЩѡɢ͵ġ۳࣬ҲгıӢġŮƫƫѡ
㲻ԸôŮˮģѯʵ
ȻᣬڳĸʿǸˣһ޹ǵĻݺݵû˵ķ
ɵӣԼɢ޴ڵ
ôһ𣬰׾Сһ飬ҸѣлعԴͬ׮һܼæ˵ԸԸ⣡
ǻҡŮҧ촽˶ţ溬ߡ
׾Сɵ㶵˶ԷС֣һʱ侹Ȼ޷֣ʹſˮ
ʺ̨²пһ
ʦĽźش룬һΡ
һæ֮ŮӶѾѡԼõˣʣµɢȻʧҲݣûʲôʧ̬ı֣һͷɥ
ߴЦԼĳվϲ°ϲ¡ӽλڵˣ֮󣬺ĳԻָղŵĳŵھڣ˴·֮⣬λԿѡȡַ
ʵҵһĺϼѣɢǸĽʿӽԺſԸṩʯˣȻидۣԺû޾ɡ
ĸ߳Ѿȥˣһεɢ޴ҲԲڣǸ·ɢޣԴϲ
ͻȻ֣ĴᣬٿΣҲʲôء
ǡʱӣСҲСﰡ꼸ʮģھʵǡ
׼ɢʱֿ˵λ
ɢǶɻؿ
ȻˡǺĳи飬²찡߻һȦ˵λѶɢޣĺΪңҲϰ޾ӡɺĳҲ֪ҼҶбľɢҲɢ޵ĿദδĻᣬλźĳ˵ĻԸĺΪңԸƯĻɷĳһᣬһᣬţΪŵһԱأ
˻һЩ׼뿪ɢ޶һЩ˾ޱȣĿ¶֮ɫ̨Ͽȥ
λͬҪᣡ߼ɫãϽڽ͵ĳ˾ǿ֮⣬ֻһ飬ҲǾźг̺Ľʵ˵ĳڼʮǰҲǸɢްˣֻǺԵɺϣżڣΪͥһԱ
ЩҵɫŻࡣû뵽ǣȨĴĺߣǰȻҲǸɢޡ
ָƴĺǡôҲеοԼֶˣԺĳ˱˸ɢ޵׾ݺʹࡣĳҲĳڴܹڡ
ͳϣǲǼ֮󣬻һһʵĺϼѣһɢͻȻʵʻʱָѾ̨ԱСʿ
ⲻܵġ߻ҡҡͷɫһ٣ЦЦ˵ӵдʵŮӣλĻڼںȥ׷󡣱Ÿ߲档
ͳϣڣǵøʲôܵõʲôһ˳ŵʵ
ȻڣΪڵĵӣԵڵӵְ𡣵Ȼλһ룬Ǳŵŵӣ˺ϼ֮⣬ĴλͬɱṩʯϣλҲпٶ
˵ɢ޵˵ɼһɣҲһ¡ȻڹˣҲʲôʯϵɢ˵ǲڵġ
ôһ˵ɢǶĬ˼еĵʧ
ҼڡһṦͻȻһɢ޴ţ˸ҲҪڡ
ʦǴ˵еаɣСʵ
СӲɵͶҲܿŵôɢ޾ۼһô˵ҲһʲСĲƸܹһʵҲĪô
Ȼδٿʱ˺ܶ׼ҪĻеͻ
Ҫˡ˵ĻǼٵģܸоǾڰŵС
ߺǺЦл⼸λѶԱŵĺ񰮣ĳ֪¹ش󣬸λҲϸǡڴѾλȻסϢգҲóô˻һڡ֮ǸλԸڵĻϴ·壬ĳﾲλļǲԸ룬λѿȥ󣬺ĳ¸лλεĲ롣
˵꣬΢Цعֳܱ˱ȭ
ɢɢȥһҲ˼
صסʹ˷Ľ磬Сգ۾ʵʦô죿
ôôϥʵ
ҵνҾġ˳µش
һɲô򵥣кܶԼġˣǾߡ
Ŷŵ˵ͷ
֮Լ͸ȥϽˡȻһֱߣСҲ֪ʵĻҲϺȡ
ʱѾҹˣʱɫѾ΢΢˻ڴţ͹ر˷еĽ磬ڵˡ
߳⣬׼ɽķһ·۶ȥҲûκ
Ǵܿ˴Ļɴǰڵӹס͵ĵѣ΢ЦʵҪ뿪ô

Եȡڵӵһǰ˸ͬϴܿǰǰҡ
Ƭ֮˳뿪ͻͷȥֱסˡ
ŶˣӡǼǵʱ쵽ӣӿڴ˳ݹȥ
ˡڵӰЦպǵڵĻԳʾӣԵ
ͻȻڻͦ˵ģҲûֽ˻ȥô˵Ҳǻ¡
ڵӸ֮˱㳯ԭ·ˡ
ǸڵӶ͵ıӰãһתֽ˴֮УصԭĵطڳһʵǸǴʦֶҪŵ˰ɣ
ǵģѾʦˡ
ʦѾˡڵһ̧ͷֻѸ۽漴ӰǰͶʶһһݵĹһεĸ޳
ڵæʺãʦ֣ʦ֣
أＱæʵ
뿪󡣡
ʦܣһ֣Ÿ޳̤˴֮С
ʦܲðȵ˵Ӱʧڴ֮УһڵӲſ˵
ꡣһŤͷ˿ң˵ʦͷʧΣ˷꼰ҩġڻͷء
ʦʲôҩʧˣ
˵ΪģʦֲֻһͿԽɽô뿿鵤ͻƿ
ɹڲֶһڵĸ֣ڵϲԽʵ
ǵȻʦֹȻ֮Ű
ɽУͺ˽Уڻ̫Щ˼ɣûôУ߰ա
ʦھ͵ȥϽôŸʵ

ܹܲЩȥʵ
ȥչˡӻء
ǡŸ˵ʲôͻȻͣСһͷײͱϡ
ôʦ
üͷ壬ڴûʲô
֣Լ߳ڲûһᣬôͱ˸ˣʶӦ䣬ʵ׵ʿںԼȻϢǱͲˡ
˵ʵԼ֮ϣһԼĲ㣬һѾˡ
طɹͲھ裬ؼڣԷȻϢ
еѰζˡԼˣֻһ˲䣬;ͿжϳԼˣڵˡ
ɢ֮УȻΪȴûһﵽ֮ġ
һһ˼ŶԲߣͲЦ
͵Ϯү޵ĺн࣡
شţΪչСӵİȫͻǰ
ȥˣ˻Ǹţһ㶯ֵ뷨ûС
ɻ󣬸޳Ҳͬɻޱȡ
ʦ֣ʲôʱ֣
̫ˣԶ˵
һһɢްˣʦ㲻֣Ҷ޳Ե
Цһб˸޳һۣѵˣЩɢ޵ֶΣɲǽΪжϳģҪȻҴʲôһ˾ˡ
޳ɫһݣʦֽѵǡ


116 ͵Ϯ
һһҹʱ䣬͸޳ԶԶ׺
ɽԶһЩٶ֣պ󼴱ʲô鷳Ҳᱻ˻ɵͷϡ
ɺϵǣҲ뷨Ծһؽɽȥ
֣ʦ֣ôûУ޳ʵЩˡ
֪ҲһԴˮԴӸǰ֮󣬶ԷȻһֱڲУһҪ˼ûС
ѵûԼķô޳һϲһʿûзĻʵҪۿۡ
ܵġҡҡͷɽˮɡ
ʲôʱ֣һһҹĸ٣Ѿ޳ǲ־õĸĥĲˡ
ϰɡɽѾˣҵشֵĻҲ±ʲô˷ֺۼ
ô˵ԷҲһһʿ߸ŵŮˣһϴڵģ÷ϡĲ࣬Ƿֲġ
ںܿģΪͲûżϽı֣ɽˮ
û֪Ầ¡ΨһҪǵǣڴ򶷵ĹУβܱסŵȫ
ҹɫ٣˸տĵطЪϢ
ͽʶĵطſѾܸоһֱԼؽӽˡǵϢͳ̶ȣԼһأ޵ʶԼĵǻšҪôԸоԷɱ⡣
ͶԱ߿ֵʰȡкһ
ôʦߵǰʵ
һЦСӻûӦʱһסС֣žһ͵ĻС
ʦҪʲôȻ֮£һ󽿺죬ŵĲҲ˵ϣһ졣
ٺ٣˵Ҫʲô΢۾һּĿעԼеš
СӵĺȻձụ̀һֵԼǰһץס͵Ĵ֣Сŵ˵ʦ˵
꣬һЩ鷢ʲôҪˡһߴţһ߼ЦţЦĺҡ
һĹ͸޳һۣĿһ˿⡣
ûᣡȻ֪ԼʵȶԷҪߺܶ࣬ɾЩɢʲôֶͨΡԲű͵Ϯ뷨һ·ȴû뵽ڹϣ˾ȻڻĽҰй֮¡
ʱ֣ʱ
޳˸ͬʱ׳ϵķɽһѸٳͺڵķλ˹ȥڷɽɳͬʱҲ֮һ㣬˳ҲԼΡ
һҽдǰ洫˹ޱȱݡ
ˣʶӦ֮£Լķɽʲôﲻɾϲؿ޳ȴԷ
ʦֶֺΡ޳Ҳ֪ԼķɽΪղŵĲҽǴʦֵĹͣ̾һ
˷һգɽֵصϣͬʱѾǰʮ״
ɽһѪûУĿ֮£˲һ㡣
Ǹʮʿͽܣվʮϲ֪ʲôʱѾһڵĳߴ󽣣ݵվϹһĨ΢Ц
ɫһ䣬üͷ͡
Ҳ벻ףԷһ֮һ˲䵲ΪĶֵ͵Ϯ
ѵԷ֪˸٣ܵģΨһĽ;ʲôԵķ
ͻı΢Щţ⻹ͷһʿ֮ŲֻƬʱ䣬ͷӦ׷ʲô¡
ϵţһؿŹ͸޳СǷŭı顣
ȻϴǸ귨ʱ̫̣Ż޷زٿأȶԣѾܺܺõزٿˡ
ʦĻúšͽСӾԼ󣬿ǰˡ
ּ֣ˡشк
֣޳̲ػһ䣬ʵЩˣԷʵôͣȴһ޿ֵģʲôǧǰʿΪܷ죿
ϻʲôһߣûҪʹк˼ɽѸб˹ͬʱŷдʣһʱƱãͷϾȻ
ѸһС«ó˲ϼΣԪȻ˳һƬۺĹâէֱֱ֣ɢȥϴ͵ǰһģķɽƫ
ˣǰıùЩʧɫ˲Լʩչĵһ㣬˳ʮ׷Χ
ۺգ۱չ޳һʱûӦȻʵʵӰʧڲϼ֮С
ܵŵĿֻţС֣ߵһطһͻ
صص˵ͷĸˡ
СʲȻһξ飬Ҳûʧִ硣Ҳ֪ﲻͣӹɵˡ
΢΢Ӧһ£Ͱϧ
ﲻΪϼξȻûܽסǸ޳һʱڣ˫Ŀʧ˫ʧϣʶ޷չޱȵĴҴܣʹԼĵͼƺε
ģǻģϼס޳һʱȴסһ
ֻصͷų´һָӴ㳯޳˹ȥ
бԸ޳ͱûڣֱӴ˳ɨһȦüͷվԼ֮⡣
һ룬˭ĳˣڿ֣ˡŴбü۵˵
˵ϴԼóݣöԷ˴⡣ʱĺܲͶɻǺеøеģڱһͣøжֱ½ǲ֪εж֪֪
ߡﲻţסʦĳһ˾֮ءԹ԰ʣµݽĳԷȥ
ôƲ
βأһΪסʦܶʱ䣬ҿɾûô˵ˡ
ﻰδ䣬ϼͻȻһҽСҽһʱȻûֹͣӶػص˵Ķߡ
ʲôˣɻѡ
˵ϼνУ˵УǸ޳еôң϶ˡ
ѵǸֻϴڵŮʿµĶ֣ˣԿ϶ڲϼڣǸŮʿͬʲôʲôоֻз˲֧һСǣʮվûж֡
ʦܣﵣǵغһ
ʦ֣ң޳ٴαݵؽһ
ŤͷٿͣɫڱˡǧǰʿȻдͨ
˼ʱ򣬹ֻǰһǸʮȻѸٵسԼ۽˹ϵǱڴ󽣸ǶȻһɰƣֱֱԼ˹
֪Լƾں͵˶̱ӣ۵Լ϶Ķ֣쵶ն飬ֻнĶԷ޻֮ˡ
Լ֮ǿĶ֣Ҳ
ʱ䣬Ѿ嵽˹ǰǻֱʹӴۼһϣؿڻȥ
һ˲䣬ﾹȻЩ粽ƵĴҵһ֣ӻһųʹȥһԼϣͬʱŬԼķɽӭдȥ
Էķɽһ£ؽ˳ȥŴǵӭ׹һ۵֮һ㳯Ϯ
ŵ֣һץסǵ磬һը죬ֻԼ۶ľˡ
ҿʱҵЧһ׷䣬ͻ治Ӳӡ
Ӷ͹ˡ
ȻֱӰסˣҺˣ
⵽ʲôǰһĻѾȫ˹֪
̶̵ʧ񣬴Ѿ˹ؿڡϧһɫķֵס˴󲿷˺
Ӵֱӽɫķ÷顣˶˳ȥһѪɫȻ԰
Ӵ׵ĹᣡһһʿȻԼ
ǰţڣʵͰԼǰ
ŵɳȥĹ͵һʩչڴĵܵϵ·ûһֻ֣ס˹ɳȥӲͣ
һĶ֣ҲҴ⣬ʩչ֮ͬʱ⿪Լķӡ
һ˲ߵĵ汻ķеĲľȼˡ
ڵĴϣҲź⡣
һ˲ѹùе㴭Էʶָо·׹һƬ֮УԼʶʹ
ʩչĻҲסһգ۵ʱ䣬Ѿ㹻ˣ͸߸ϴŹﵱͷ¡
ܵıƽҲ˲࣬˲гһԷԼǰ
һ죬ǼԷ
ӴҵԵԣӲؽԷһȱԭĹâѸٰȥֻһԾʧ
Ҳ٣̲סһֿԷС֮ãȻһʹûˡ
Ȼ֮£ٻԼķɽǿ˵壬ɽһ̤Ѹٷ
̣Ҳһİա


117 
ﲢûзߣŷɽͣڿУЩҲЩŭıϡ
ղǾյһĻĵһָϽܵĳ嶯
ɳ嶯ܿ챻˳ԼǼԷﲻȻޱȡ
ǿǷõķȻֻǱԷһʹһȱ
ⷨٱԼչҲ޲һʹˡ
ʶӦ֮£ǸΪֻһʮ򣬻Ȼһɿֲ쳣ţԼ޷ֺ̽ʶһͱƵʹޱȡ
⵽ʲô˲ұӣŻһеϢ
ڹ۲ͬʱƨɣڳһԾ͸ϽߵСģ
ڵ´ӵ۵ġ
簡̫簡ղžȻûһɱԷˡҪץסеˡ
ԼҲУɴһз޷ˡʱԼ׷ҲֻܸɵۡǿʹãЩϲ˵ΣԸʿ𲻵̫á
Ҳ͵ĳ⣬ŵĲɷ̤ԼķɽϹһЦ԰׵ɫתһ˿Ѫɫ
СӣĪ˵ԴС־͹ΪˡУ̤ڷɽ֮ϣٻһһͨӲӵԲ״ֻһۣ֪ȿˣҲ֮á
ΪѾ壬ʶ㹻ǿͬʱʹ
ˣһᡣ
شЦţʵ㹻ȻҲڣֻҹķݡ
վϷ簡緢ֶͨԼֻҪվڿУ͹ֻܳΪһİӣ
һԲ״һ⣬ֱϮ
ôҲʿʹԼʱҲ˸ۣӸղŶһƻԼķξԲԲ״Ӵ϶ֻ֡
Բ״ͬʱﻹִ˼͵עԭֱֱϮԲ״ǹ˸䣬ӱϮȥ
սһ˲ٴδ죬Щһ̫޼ȥͬʱ齣һãԲ״
ﷴӦ٣ۿԣһתԲ״ûκͣٴη˻ȥ
ʦ֡˽ֵʱ򣬲ϼڴ˸޳ĺݵùͷһ
ʦܣסʦֽ㡣Ȼ֪޳ҲȥӪȣֻ˵˵滰ˡ
̸ȣŭ
ӱǱߴݹϢԵ֪޳Ѿʬˣֻʣһ
ֻҪ˸޳;ͿԸıֱľ档
Ȼͻû˵꣬ھʹ˸޳һҽУż϶ĳǱû˶
ʦܣȫ֪Ǳߵ׷ʲôŵغһȴûκλӦ
ʦѾˡһ㡣Цš
տ˵󻰣üͷһšָ㣬дʣƬ֮һҡҷĻƾճ֣˦βͶ;˹
һ߾عעǼԲ״һýϮ
бЦţ͸
⻰˵ġͺٺһЦ˸ָͬʱһ״˷ȥ
ﲻϲԷֻһΪʶӦûûǿʹĳ̶ȣǱڵĴʵ̫Եˣ˾ȻУֱĩõùﲻϲ
ûڴ󽣣һʿֵһᡣ
Ѱ·һ߿Цţһ߿ԼԲ״ͷȥ⻹׼ͷԼֵ
ﻹû꣬ͱͻıʾòҧԼͷҲȻֹ
һУϼһ󷭹ͻȻܳһֻ޴ޱȻ֮ɫӴ󾫹֣ᣬѸٷ˹
־ֹϵãҲֻͼϼʵﻹͷһμ
ߣһҡΣԼķɽԵ
˼ת֮£ԼʦڲϼΪνеˡ
ģֻһ߷ͬʱſͣ۴˼ıǹ
ûüӦ۽ͻȻ鵽ǸղŻԼѹŴʮЦŲŷɽ˹
ãл֮£ԸԼΪѾ壬ҲԲǶ֣ϽԲ״ͣͬʱһΣܿǼöǹԴһתͷҲصԶݳȥ
ܣԲ״ߣıϣ˻ҵٴηӡ֮УŴ׷˹
ԭ˵ƣȻ˵ĲأͷҲ΢Ӱһٶȡ
οķٶȲƬ֮󣬱һľ롣
վڱıϣܲʣһͷͼץסӴܵĹһ㶼еͬʱűǹವǰȥ
ＴͷۣҲȫܲˡ
ϵľҲһ¶ԷٶȣҶһһղŶˣʣһɽҪСΨһʹõľǵĹͷʱȥʩչ
ò˵һʿҪе鷳
ķй켣ɧޱȣȫ޼Ѱ
ıǹʮоſգԼ޷׼С
һ׷һ˰ΣͲдйһΣûɱֻԷжˡ
ٷеĹζȻһ٣뼱ٷߣıǹѾϮˡ
öǹ׼ȷشйĴȺ䡣
һҽУűǹӴĳڿдķ˺ü
һʿ㱻Уڿ˸Ѷȵǰ֮ɻܵһʱԼķɽ֮ϣԭƮݷɧܱøӱ任Ī
ͺͱɱˣһʱӣѾ㹻ɹ
ŽߵĹЦһ£漴𴿾ݺݳȥ
Ҫһӷɽϸ߸𣬾ȻܿһǷĴǽնϣѪ䣬ھţͬһֻͷĲӬһ㣬бб׹棬лһѪȾĺۼ
Ƭ֮һײ죬ӵ洫˹ııɵط
ش֮£Ӽʮ׵ĸ߿׹䣬ﾹȻûڵϲϵزΣ񰵵
վԼǰͣŬӺ
С«һںƣգҡͷնݲ紵
һߣӹﲱӴһͷ­䵽һߡ
Ƭ֮󣬹ʬƮһŰ׹⣬ϸ߿գͼܡ
һԻ񣬼Ű׹Ͻ׷˹ȥһ˸С
ڹʬƬ̣Ͳһô
ϳ˽еļʯһЩʣ޼֮⣬ȻϸҲǣĶӦöڣûҪЯš
վŤͷңǱɽһԣʧȥ˵ûз
ǰɽȻƷġ
иˡȻ͵ı̫ۡѱϳ
պʱ򣬿϶ҲʱͿһУһߺͱˣҲڵϱ˵Ӵ
Źʬ壬ͻи뷨ݳɹģǱڡ
Թӵݣ϶Խ벻ܵĵطЩطӦкܶö
뻹գһԼȫ֪οڵĴ󣬶ԼΪ͹˺ܴһؾ룬ܵȫǴ˵
óһʬ˸⣬ٰѱ˻ղŵսȥ
ɵطʱͲԴ
ѵɴˣʲôûУԼĲϼβˣսĺۼҲûˣ޳ʬҲˡ
أͲЩˡ
ͷʶӦһͻȻ´һغʦʦ
ͷһվһεĵطԼ֣С԰ף򶨣һ˫΢Щֻš
·ɽǰСӸϽܵߣؾס·һزš
ĹǣСǿװҲάֲˣˮ
е¡һ߿һʵ˵
£ȥˡͰο
ͷһμʿ֮֮ͷһμԼǰַӦҲ޿ɺǡ
ο˺ôһᣬСӲֹͣЩʡ
ˣҵǸϼءʵ
ءŴؿڴöۺɫӵ˹ȥûһᣬӾͳˣҾͰ
Ǹ޳ʬȥˣ
ˡŴ
ϵĶͷأ
⡣תӸղԼĵطȡһѶǸԲ״ҲиղűʹһȱķԷи޳ϵж
Ҳһ޳ϵĶֻһЩʯķɽˡ
ɵƯͳһ


118 
ԼߺͶܲµ
ϼûԼƣ϶άֲ˶೤ʱͱرģˡȻֻţûʧִ磬һ߽Ӱ˵Ķһ߻˰ѻʬ𼣣ٶһطתϢϢȴԼ
СӵʣǸڸڵģͲοޱȡ
ɨսսۼһξսʿܸɳ£뵱͵һμˣҲ˺üŻع
ﲻܴˡͰοţϵսƷ˹׳ȥٳϽߡ
˲գžڰиŻŵ͸Ͻ½ͷ䵽ϣСܵһߣ˺ð죬һή˻
ΪˣžƣԴЩǸؿš
˵ףε黹ΪԼϴóݣֻʵû뵽ǸȻԼ֡
֪֪أ
ܰɣŵԴʵ
áɫ԰ף˫ֽ汧ǰʱʱش
ϰ߾ͺˡЦһ£Ժ󻹻ġ
ʦʣµǸҲɱôսзһУһ㶼ֻ֪ڲϼʧ֮󣬷˸޳ʬ塣

ĺɣ̧Դѯʵ
һ㡣бءʵ˵ûбԼùû취ģҪܣԼ޷ء
ŵһӰͷƬ̣Ȼ̧ͷг˼ᶨ˵ǾȥϽɡ
Ŷ㲻ǰͲòȥôЩʵ
ȥˡſЦһ¡
С͵˵ͷɶܲµ
εսСһûϣһҪԼֳͷŲϼȫ϶ôܡ뾡ϵϽչ
Сӵ뷨һж
ϽֻҪһʱˡ·ͷɵĺһ߷ţһߺһûһš
֮˲Ͻɸ֮
վɸ⣬ϸؽƵķڸţſһΡ
˰죬СӲŰѽƸ򿪣۵㺹ܣеؽʱŲԪŸ޷򿪽ơ
һɽʫ续ʵһĻչǰʧƬ̣ɵɵؿһƬ·ɾƵصɽȣֱкһŲżһɽȣſֻ첲Ƶرı·һֻӡ
ɸԶ޷ģڣҲûĵط
Ƶط˰죬Ųһ˵˻˫ðؿʵʦɸ
ϲֺǺǵʵ
ŵСԴĸ׮Ƶġ
ƯƯֻûˣ֮⡣ԺҪһˡ
ʦԣҲԡŵɫȻһ£ش
ǾСһҵϵĶͳţƬǰϵĹӣ붼ժˣʣµȫһЩͨҰûʲô̫á
ԺҪǶˣԳĹӣǱߵĳе㣬Ҳϴ衣ϸضţĺϸ
ɸеһжһ飬ֶžԲҪ߳ɸҲԲҪκ˷ŽɸС
֪֪治֪ģھ黹٣ЩܺƵʿ˵һЩĺ֮Ǻ¡
֪ˡصص˵ͷ
һҪڼϴθҲѧѧ⻹Ʈ㲽Ϣеؽ𵤰㣬Ϊչ϶̫꣬һ꣬ͿԳˣʱҴȥҺġ
۰Ͱ͵ؿ̧̧ͣƤʵھҪô
ɡҡͷ˵ˣĸϬʯҪҵĻʱҵҵġ
Դϴ뿪Լɸ;һֱûҵˣڽеĸо
ҵ𣬾ͺһ񫡣һʱ䲻գͻܡʱкƻһ£Ҳû̫Ĳʡ
ͻҪһʱ䣬Ÿˡ
ɽֻһЩҰԳ伢ϸ룬һܳɸץ˺ܶҰζԺˣҲҪܳȥҳԵġ
һæʱ䣬ɽҲ˲ٷޡ
ѾѸٵؿʼӦˡ
֮ͽͷ˳һԼ˸طʼҵ
ÿһҵգҪķѴʱ䣬ÿһأͶظܵʵӡ
Ǻ£Ҳִ˲˵ԭ
ͻһǾǰԼҵӣٶҲࡣ
ʼһأҪķʮʱ䣬ѾֻҪˡ
պҵӣʱ仹̲١
һµʱ䣬Ĵҵ𣬽Ѿһֳʵĸоˣǰĺܣҵա
Ͳ²ţԼҪ͵Եʡ
ⲻ˷ܣԼǰĹƣֻҵﵽˣٿʼ̫齣⣬ҲͻԼͣͲǰΪˡ
ǣϾҪķѴʱ;ȻһֱɽȥɻиҪҪȥ
Ѱҿҵؼȵҵ꣬Լֻܸɵۡ
ѹеĳ嶯֪Լˡ
ŸʱСһֱǿЦͻǿе޵ӡ
ȷһҲڹؼʱ̱ȫһ߽С«ڽеļƷʯϣһ߶
ԼСĵ㡣űӣۿġ
ˣˣɸһҪҪΪ죬һôʰ㡣
֪ͷ
ˡ߳®׳ӹǵõƷɽ̤ȥٳȥ
Ǹ˼Ҵˡڵͻ֣ߺ
Ͳ˷ۣ˵ĺԼϲƵأĴδܲǱŵģ
뿪Ͻжеʧġ
ʱ仹ϰһŮ˸Լߵ龰ˣէһı䣬е㲻Ӧ
²ŵǹƷɽȻƷʹܸое㲻紿ʹָĸоеٶҲûд졣
ڸȥأеãˡ
ڿǵʱؿڴϬʯһ𶯴˹óӦһʱЩЦá
ŸշֿСӾϬʯԼ˸Ϣʦһġ
˸úĻ;Ϭʯ
ȥϷɣ߻̫ˣɣʿ١̽ϢĻϷõѡ
ܶɾǸطʿҲࡣ
Ϊ˱ɲҪĿֻţҵĶЩ˼·߷С
ڵʿҲˣǧǰ˿ϡ٣ᣬ˿ڶ࣬ԴеʱҲעܶࡣ
ʮ֮Ѿԭأ̤ڷɽ֮ϣĿȥֻԶԶһΡɽȻֻģؿһЩ˸оơ
ģʱһֱͷУ˾ȥҵطϢҲ֪Լ׷ɵʲôطˡ
ǰɽе죬Ӧǰط
ʰɣøͷӬƵصҴܡվڿоĿһÿʮиСׯһתͷͱ㳯Ǳ߷˹ȥ
ʮľ룬ʮӱܷɵСׯֻʮҵʱͲһ
Сׯ󣬴ֻзԲʮңȴܼҲûкִܶĽһظŵķ
ڣСׯΧôʮˣΧһ޴Ķ˴ݣ̫ԶҲȽϻң;ȻһʱûǶʲôֻǶ޵Щ˵Ľ¡
ȵɽ֮ͲȻޱȣЩΧľȻһֻ޴ľ֡
;ֱ֣׶ߣͷûȫҲӵһĵˡ
Ͳɻޱȣ˵ֶǴȻһЩͨɵģҪôǶҪôֲûεʱֻ¶ģ
ͷô˵أͺڻεʱʲô⣬ֻһ룬ӵһͷ­ȴͷ
;ɵǣĽҰģôһͷ֣
ңЩΧڰǾߵ࣬ҲʲôͨˣȻһЩʿ
ͷųʶӦһʮУֻһʮҵΪϴŲ㣬ʣµȫϴˣеֻϴ㡣
Ͳˡ
ôΪʿһһׯġ
ЩΪʿеʵķʩǰǾ֣ҲеͷһЩɫǵͨ죬дʣһ֪ڱʲô
ͿĴҡͷЩĹ̫ҲǣڰǾϸ޷ʲôɱˡ
ǾƤڵģȻһʱᱻɱȴǶʮΧţҲܣĳҲ֪˶á


119 ּѩ
Ȼ֣ҲңǸΪߵָ£һϴڵʿȻֵܵסǰǾֵ͹
ϧЩϴڵʿʵߣԪû٣ʱƣ϶һʱཨİΧȦ϶ᱻǾַ顣
˵ڰɣһЩӽǾַ𹥻ʿûͱǾһӸ첲⣬ƷԶҪǺ˽ֶסȱڣǾ粻֪ͻΧٴˡ
εľͶɵһûȫľ֣ȻС
ô˵ҲͬԮһѵҲûʲô׼ǰǾһкݵʱǸΪߵ־һӷһǱسΧߺһ¶ɳǷû
ǱһŴ󴸵׳˳峤һСʱǰͷˡɳûӦ
ŵĴӣһûУֻͨĴӣ˿̣һѪۣҲһһģ첲ϸмɼǵѪۣ۵سӿѪ
˵ĶԻЩΧڰǾߵʿǣҲһͣЩӡ
Ҫţ峤һСӻȥҪܳˣҵһ㡣
֪ˡ׳һԼĴӣסΨһȱڡ
ɽɳѾ·ˣԲûǻӦֻҪΧһʱ䣬ɳˣִֻеķݡ峤һ߰οˣԼͷҲûס
ƾʮΪʿΧôһͷ֣ʱڵûʲôһʱϾˣûܵĵǶѾһСʱǰͷʹˣΪʲôɳһӦûУѵûյ
ɹЩԻ֮һ٣ͣ˿С
ɽôطͻȻһϵϢǸ񾭱ˡ
ǵǸ紺ŮˣԼֽԼˡ
˵ʵ˵Ϲ
һˣһ˴ǸһΪݳޣɱ֮ˡ
Ѿ࣬ԼðսϽҲΪ˾ձ
𲻱Ľ˵Ժĵ·Ͼͻħ
̧ͷһǱߵĸɽѵǾɽԼѾɽĵ̣
ҲɽǸӡͿԿ϶ѾǰˣµĴׯЩʿҲɽˡ
ҪģɵЩ˸ѩûʲôϵܾһѾ;һѰɡ
˼ת䣬Ѿ·˹ȥ
ЩֻһʱǸΪ峤ܵ˴ӿնӴѹ̧ͷһһϮ
ɽɳˡ峤˷ܵشһ仰֧ŵʿǶʱþ
Ǹ¶̧ԴҿҵͣæźɳǱˡ
ͱʮ˫˳֮۾ţЩڡ
ɢɢɳħ峤ŴָߺʮΧڰǾߵʿʱһɢܵıӻҪ졣
滹ʮ׵ʱһµƷɽһһ⣬Ǿ˹ȥԼҲͬʱûУеشӿ¡
·ĸӦһ㣬Ǿֻͷ˫۵ؿ֮
⻮һ֮ƷɽڰǾֵ˫һ߳Ŀӣתַɵϡ
ʹðǾֺһȥԶԶؿֻͣͨ۾͸һɿ־;ζ
󣡡ֳŷɽڳһõ˵ģ
ɳ¶૵̾һͷ˵ԼʮιһƤëûˣɳֻһ͸˳߳˺ۡ
ɳҪҲɳˡ峤Ա˵ŵ㣬ɽɳֶοɲֹ㡣
ɽԽɽ磬ߵȫǳֽ·ߣֻнսַܳǵơ
ԱʿۣƲЦЦɺϰԼɽߵ·һģҲս
˵ͭͷͽĿתƵǰǾ֫ϡ
ûٴηǰǾͻȻһתֽŲãٵس˳ȥ
ɳҪܡ¶û䣬ͱ峤ݺһѡ
峤ʲô¶ԼԴίʵ
ţ˵峤һۣɳзִ硣
˵ʱѾƮ㲽׷˹ȥص˰ǾֵǰΪ˱ⱻ˿ʲôͲûʩչƣֻɽƽĴ̿
ˣ͵ĹҲЩͨʿܹġ
Ǿֻܱطţһ˿ڿٵӣϵĺԽԽ
˳֣̫Ĳ˳ˣɽȻƷϱȴһƷʹеɬɬĸоԪɽϹĹҲЩ裬ӰԼȺ
ۿһ˰ͷ͵İǾִЩղǱʿ޲¶Ľɫ
ʿ
ɳñɰ¶С˵һæͷ
רǾֵ·кţĹǹľ
׻ûƵƽĹľʲôãĥ˰죬ҵһᣬɽ˰Ǿֵ䡣
߳ķɽû룡ٴγɽʱһѪ˿ڼ˳
ǾֲҺһҡҡλΣ֮ص˵ϡ
ɳ޵Уɳ޵УЩΧ۵ʿǸţŴһЩͨҲ߳ӣ˺С
һʲôĴӰŤͷһۣЩ졣
ʿͨ˾סһ𣬶ӵʿΪ㣬ƫƫɽйϵ
ʵЩֲˡ
ྲྲ峤߾Ŵ֣˵ĺȻһЦݵߵǰֹص¼Ҵ峤ˮɳͷɳԶ֪ɳɽλ¸ͽ
Ҳʲôɳֻ·ɢޡͰ˰֣ɽϵѪøɾսڡ
ˮŴͣƬָֻ̣̬ԭɢǰΣĳǵлǰľ֮
С¶ѡŤͷһǰǾ֣ɻʵ⾫ģ
ˮ̾ϢһҲ֪ͻȻʹӴԱð˳ǰ֮ǰѾΧһСʱˡ
ܸоеΣԼĵ̣ûܵסĵطģңͷֻܹŹ֣ûȫоһ塣
ˣׯôôʿʳеɻ
ǰЦˡˮеΣ¼Ҵʿ࣬ɶϲ̨档
Ͳ÷񣬸ղʶ鿴һЩʿȷʵզΣǵ£Ҳͻ֮
Ƕһɼģüͷˮæڽ͵ѣõĸǵҲѰҡ¼ҴǳһЩǲӵܣ֮ͨͿ͵ɽȥϸ˵¼ҴҲɽġǰ֪¼ҴĴׯɽ磬в٣ɽҲֹӵг¼Ҵһӡ
飿ǰȻһЩɼ壬ΪûôһʱҲûӦǰɼ壬һЩûʲôϵġʱĸı䣬Ҳ仯١
¼ҴɽһԱء
һĻôΪʿͿˣϾɽĲҵôҲѧһɹ
ǰͳ˼ˮһ֪ǰҪȥ
ĺΪң޶ҲûʲôҪȥĵط͵ЦЦ
ǰĻڳ¼ҴСסգϴϴϵķ糾ǾϵëƤô񸾸ǰһƤңװװǿԵġ
峤λǰɽɳɳô¶ںµ
ʲôûûСġˮ߳ȵòһΪɢޣȫо֮ˮסϼ죬ʱܴѧ㶫ҲǺõģѧҲˡ
¶ôһ𣬸ϽŲ˵һߡ
ŵǱ߷Ӧþɽˡ̧ͷʱ߿˹ȥʾ
æǱ߿ȥֻԶԶ⼱ٷƬ֮˳¼Ҵ壬£ֳɲŮòݰ׵Ӱ
͵ͫһˣ۾ضһˡ
һһŮеţһĿ쳣ƤҲɸɾŮһ£ƮƮһı飬˲ұӡ
Ǹ·ɾ·ŮһŮӣԴĿˣ¶Ĺӡ
ҲڶţйѹƲסķŭͳ嶯
ѩʱ꣬û뵽
·ǸӦеĵ⣬ѩ̧ۿһ£ɻ塣
ӣɫһת˫ĿҲ
ߣѩһЩɫ֮еĴһ飬ع˴˶Էһۣߺ졣
λɳˮ
ʿص˵ͷɨһȦʵǾأ


120 ̽Ϣ
أɳˮϽָط
ǷصİǾ֮ʿһӦػعͷһʵɱģ
λǰɱģɳˮʹ
͵ƲƲʿָ߸ϵ񣬸ѩԼһޣ˺еҰһµĳ嶯
㲻ǳ¼Ҵˡʿüͷšһ£׾һ˿֮⡣
ֻ·͵ػӦһ£С«һںơ
վߵѩᵽζźۼԱ
·ʿ˵ͷתѩʵʦ㣬ô죿
ѩɨһΧԱߵĴǣȻſųˮ˵峤ȻͷѾˣڰȫӦûˡ
λɳˮӵ
ݺ䣬öһǡôı䣬޷ӣȴ׽ⲻǵһη飬ڰǰ˵һ֮ұҲͬ˾ֵϮʧӡɽ˸ϵʱֵľѾˡ
ⷬԭĴǶ˻һұͬҲɽĲҵҶ֪ġ
ԴһСĽ䱸ãҺʦɽҪ¡
ɳˮüͷ壬ʼֵʱ򣬹ĿҲڴˣĺӡ
ȷʿ׷ʵ
ǵģˮָָԱѩĳ¶һɵ󣬱ˮһУæͣصͷ
ˡʿɻ󲻽ؿѩʦ㣬ô˵ĻЩץСʲô
кܶаħʱҪͯͯŮѪͻǣңԽСԽãû´ͷǾֹǸСӣͲᳬʮꡣһֱԱ߳ĬͿ˵
ǵģСŰ꣡ˮæ
ʿ´һۣ۽ǺЦ㶮Ļͦࡣ
͵ЦЦ
ѩؿһۣʵλѹգ
ʮ򣡡
ǲ֪˵аħһʲôĹѩһƬ̵ģ
˵ˡ¹ĳ֪ġ
˼ЩָʹŻϮ¼Ҵ壬ͼץȡͯͯŮѩʵ͸ղŵĮӱȽŮ̬Ⱥöˡ
ֻǸ²⣬ûܳԼĵ̣Ϯࡣңֹ¼ҴһܵѾ˵ˡ
ʿѩһۣʮʿ²ɽʱʦ𽻴һ
ɽһΪ˰¼Ҵȥ֣һҲΪҳĻ֣ʲôʹЩΪ˼䡣
ô˵ⷽԲǧҲɽĵ̣ݲʲôаħڴ˷
ʮѩоֵֹģе죬ȴ벻ļԼ񣬸һǳųζ
ѾˣλɳԶҪҪȥЪЪţˮԱ˵
ˣǻȥұһˡʿ˰֣峤ʲôҺʹʦ㴫ɡ
ʦ㣬߰ɡʿŤͷѩѩ˵ͷٴ׳ɽȥ
һƱڵ¿ţĽ
ҪҪһɵ֮ѩͻȻתŵµͿʵ
ˡͻҡҡͷ
ѩһ漴̤Ž⣬תۼʧ
֪ΪʲôȻʱּˣܾԼеĳ޵ࡣһʼеѹסеķŭ֮⣬֮ûʲôˡ
򲻹Ǽˡ
ʱ䣬ѩѾ壬ߵǸʿҲ߰˲ӣʵ
ԳЦЦȻҪڲʱԵ޹ʸɽ˴һܣǲۼ϶Ҫɽ
ڵĳ˲٣ծ಻ʭ಻Ȼںٶһɽô˵ҲǸɣûҪ
Ҫ𣬾ͱؽ£һɽǰ｣ҲŭĽڡ
ǰͶѩʧķ򷢴ʱ򣬳ˮһ˼
ʲô£
ǰ˳¼Ҵ壬ղôǰһƣһҪ͹⡣ǰҲǰ֮ˣ¼Ҵƻû˺ȹ
ͺǺһЦȻˣǾ߶ˡ
˼̫飬Ҳ̽ϢĴ㣬ûƴˡ
ǰʲôģͱٳƺˣͣұ峤ҪСܶࡣͺƵ˵
ôУɽһʵΪأĳ֪ġ
ɡֲ˷ѿˮ
ʮ֮⣬ѩߵʿֹ˼Σڿʵʦ㣬ղΪʲôһǸɢʵһˡ
ԣ⼸ɽķͻôѩػص
ʦ˵ԵʿͻȻʲôɫһ䡣
ǶĶ࣬㹻ˡѩ㷢ңЩ˵ʵɲǱϿ
ޱʦ鲻Խش˸£ǰһѰɽޱʦá
꣬ޱֻϴһΪɽµʱҲһڣ˿ڣˡǶ̶ʱ䣬ʹܵ㣬ʵ˵СһУûж֡Ҳ׿Խѩܺƽ֡
ʲôĸ
ޱʦòʵǿᣬһɽʧǧĸͽУ˵ɽһǿɽɽҲֻڵ伮С
ɽĳǶޱʦÿǰ䱦
˱ˣԸԼʲɸޱʦô˼ΣжûͰԼˡ
ʦ㣬Ǹʮֵôɺϣֶô࣬᲻Ļ֣ʵ
ѩŤͷɨһۣŴųǲܡûħ֮
ŶԹԹԵص˵ͷ
Ϲ£˼һƬġѩһ
ٺ١Цѩ߿˿Ҿǿе㲻ʦ㲻֪һ񣬾͸һˡ
ѩüͷ壬û˵֪϶Լ룬ҪԼʦܶǸɢ١
ʦ˵Ϊ˽ڣͻᰲ˫ޡĵѩһۣޱڴʦ㣬ʱǾͿʱ޿̵һˡ
㵽˽˵ѩһ˦ɽɳԶ
ȵҰʦ㡣æϡ
¼ҴĴǺ飬еܲˡ
ھϱ˹˺ܶƣǸ¶һ㶼Ÿ裬˹˾ͺ˸׳졣
ƵҵĸҲ˲٣Щһһǰţͦ˼ġЩΪУĹȴʵ˵ãҲ˲Լߴ
ˮҲ¼Ҵ壬һЩϵ⣬ֽһ
ܽģȻǽһܽģҲû취
һϲ磬һ硣
ˮָͰһЪϢҸססáһʵɢסڳ¼Ҵ壬Ҳȫаȫ
ڶ֮͸ˮ˸кһ˳ȥ
ɽȥұĴƣѰΧĴׯ̽Ϣ
˵ʹЩϮׯӶͯͯŮĻĴӿ϶Ҳꡣ
ⲢɽĹ²ģȻɽµҵܵ˹Ǳ֮ˣӦòֻ֪ɺϰˡ
һ̽ȻԤϣΧĴׯٳ˺ͯʧȫʮµĺӡ
Щׯûʿȫͨ˾ۼ֮أϮʱǿҲû֡ȵӶʧ֮һŷӦ
ܹ㷺һ̽ԼѯʵģͯʧѾﵽ˶ʮ⻹ûԼûʵġ
һʱ䣬ͷǧЩֵĴӣһθǣԴ㣬ܿɽ
ٴλص¼Ҵʱ⳯ˮһɽ֣֪ɽȻɽ
̵ģ˵죬ԭɽ
ǧû仯٣;Ȼһʱûϳ
ɽиɶɢ￪˶ЩɽһЩɢ޿ٶģͺñϽɸһ
Ͻ̫ԶҲ̫գɢ޶ѡǿٶ
ȻûôҪɽȥʲôΣ
ֻǣȻаħʹΪ˼䣬ɱǸаħ϶Եõٺöģ˼ҵı϶䵽Լϡ
ֻڣѩҲһţԼͱѩ֮ǰҵǸаħ
ǵľ鲻㣬ԼǺơ
Ҹһ̽ϢͼԶ϶ԼĿɽУڵģͲȷˡ
ɽȻ˵ûϽ󣬿ҲС˼棬ҲǺܼ򵥵顣
ֻ˳ˡǸаħȻô޼ɵ°ͯͯŮ϶ж
ʱֻҪһͷ֣Ȼҵۼ
µǣϴնɱһͷ֣᲻ݾߣ±˲ʹֳˡ


121 ׷
ҲûãҲֻһһ
˵ˣҳǸаħҲֻʱ⣬ѹһ㱦ҪҲҲ
һ룬ˡֻɽˮ
վÿ춼ܳȥԼܼķΧڶһ
ʵˣǰǰԼֻܽסһСڵΪʶȫ԰סķΧ
ȫתģԷΪ͸һأҲ̫ܻᷢ֡
˳֮Ҳ۵ĹǺһƬԲٶĵطԼ
ѡ鷶ΧҲе㽲
鷶ΧڵಢûϮǸĻĻҪʹֳҵĻӦûѡЩط
ҪľǾصȴ
ҲƺˣȸʮµģʲôûУԼͳܲܰʱϺķ
¼ҴҲȥˣͷʱˮ˸峤һϧǿؽͳ˴塣
ǴնɱİǾƤëɵһƤ͸͡
ƤǴһЩ˼ҷƵģֹܾϸռҲܴװװǺܲġȻ˵ԼС«ıܲǰС«ܱ¶ԺһЩСûʲôֵĶ;Ƥ棬ڱǰȡʹãҲûʲôˡ
˸ܸӦԼΧĵطǴ˼ʱ䣬ʶӦ£Լµһ㷴ӦûС
ѵϴεĶĴݾˣԷʱڲٳ
ƵغźƣһеĻ𾢣һ߾صȴš
ʮңܸܵԼµ䵭Ҫɢˣȴȴһ
׷ʮ칦ˡ̾Ϣһվƨ׼ˡ
͸ɳʮأͻȻһ٣ͣ
粻ɣԼʮûӦ뿪һɲǣȻˡ
ڵϵģҴӱĸоԷһа
汻ԼϹèɵˣһϲϽͷǱ߷˹ȥͬʱʶչϸز鿴š
˲һӣѾĿصܽˣȻͣ
ʶӦ֮УһΪľڵرܣͷʮľ룬ʿԶԶ׺š
ŶôҲˡϸ鿴Ͷ֪ͷֵˣѩǸɽʿ
Ҷɵ֪˳
Լǿ֪Էʲô׷ٵͷ־Ͳ̫ˡ
ķչԼԤƵе룬Ҳû뵽ѩǻ
̫ð찡ѵʹ˳ˣѺôøɽˣ
е㲻ģô˵ԼҲʮ졣
΢˼Ƭ̣Ҳ׷˹ȥ
ڱʹֵǸĻֻû֣Ҷ֪ʵΪΣ;ѩȥŶ̫ӲԼ͸ϽˣܴĹǵʱһºƹ
ԼĳˣͿһĴ뷨ûСĻܰѩˣǾٺòˡ
ͻȻԼͦɵġ
׷ȥͬʱԼϢȻΪû˸ߣʶǿ̫ˡԼܸӦǣȴ֪ԼںţֻҪСĵûˡ
ͷֵıܷԶɽ
ͷֺϴεİǾе㲻ͬӦǲһ仯ɵģһͬǣûлȫֻа˶Դģ˿ŸоܱŤ
ͷӦ˵ˣܵʱһȳһյġ
ʦ㣬ղΪʲôҪЩƵĿʵ
ؿ°һʮĺôҸɲѩһۡ
ĻʹݾˣǵĿľҳĻ֡Ա
һڴȥѰô
һĻʲô֪ˣһʹֵʿ϶;֮ʲôϵ
ԣ㻹ǲˣǲ֣Ǻ˵ˡѩͣ
ʦûǸʮ˵ôһЩаħʱҪͯͯŮѪͻǣֻ°ǸӣɱҲòͣ
һ˵ǴأҲðգҲܶɽ
ɽ֮ǰʦ˵ˣĿľǾȳĻ֣ǸΪûֶʲô⣬ҲֵõģֻҪܰĻץסɱҲ൱˸ô
ѩض԰ΣЦһԣ治Ǹˡ
ʦ㣬ʦ˵еãһˣȸˣҾҵ뷨û
ûѩϸֳһĨ±֪ǵĶжհɣҪǾΣգڿԻɽһȥ
úʦ㣬ǶԵġԵҴ˻ôϽ׷ɣǾԶˡ
ߣѩת׷˹ȥ
֮ʰóȻֻöԷԿЦһѩıӰҡҡͷ
˵ΪʲôѩͻȻúܶġǰʦ˵˶˽֮󣬾Ͱ˫ޣҲûʲôȻûʲôڴȻʦŵģԼҲֻӡ
ڣһԺҪ˺ϼ˫ޣѩ͸оǳһġ
˵Ķû͵̽飬ȻΪʲôͣһʱ䣬ɴһӦʲô硣
ɽһɽУѪ߲ŨѪζжѻŸСɵɭɭǣԵɭ
һĵӶд˳ʱɽԵЩ󣬹Ǻ
ͻȻȻֹһССӰһʯͷϣһ׷ô
飬ö
Ϊ˼е鷳ء
Ƭ֮󣬵ٴεĲɽ̶Ƭʱ֮ɽǺ֮ڶиӥ
档ͻȻЦصɽУþòϢ
ɽ֮ѩʶһֱͷܵľ֣ûʧС
ѩǣͶ֪ɽ͵ڽ˶ԷƤӵ£ԶСˡ
ɽֱǾֵ£ɽָǣֵı·Ҳǹޱȣѩȴ׺
ֻҪѩǵмͲᶪʧĿꡣ
еѩͻȻͣŶ䣬üͷ壬ϸ
ʦ㣬ôˣɻʵ
ѩ̧ͷһۣûʲô
ûаԻû˵꣬߾ͻȻһʵĿæ˵ˡ
ǸСӡѩȷ˷ֱǱ߸˹ȥ
ʦ㣬ȥģ
ȥˡѩ
ǡ
ûʲôǵģҪȥ׷ͷ֣ȥȥѩͷҲص˵
ʦ㡭һգƬ̣ǽ׷ѩȥ
ףô׷ͷˣͲɻޱȣʶȻ󣬸ӦһĻʱˡ
ͷղܵľ֮⣬ѩڸķ򣬾ȻһͷڱܣͷֵҸ»һСӡ
ôྫ֣Ҷûȫģ
СӵĿ϶ش͵ĶУǸСŮǼСŮľ֣Ӧò֪մĸϮڴбܡ
׷˭˭ȻѩѡҲ˹ȥ
Ҹ¼ŵСŮһѣ۵ǿ־֮ɫֻʵؿһѣ۵СϣۣѪӿ
ССҲڶѣѸ˺öӡڱ°ӹ·ϣ˲ٺÿͷ
һӿն£ֱͷնȥæϵѩһܣ
ֶҲеͨ飬ӦǲǰȥӲؼٶȣ˫ڵһ㣬Ȼת˸ԾȥܵѩϮ
ѩղҲûɱ֣ϾСŮھϣһˣǾͲðˡ
˾ֵ·ߣѩѾһǰһؼס˾֡
ǸСŮѩ˪˵
Ҳ֪ǾֵûҸ¼СŮʱ򣬻캿һʾԵ졣
ء㣬ȾңСŮ޵øˣССھҸ²ϵضţĴ۾ˮ
ԣ£ϾͰĸѩοСŮ
СﳤĻۣƵأ׷ڲԶֻһۣͷҲֳһĨϧ
˭ôǸ˿С̲סȥСŮͷϻǱ裬Եÿɰˡ
۾ôھ㡣ѩսϵķɽԼСŮ˵
СŮϵسҭţȴǵ˵ͷر۾
ʦɣûվһԵԿ˵
ѩһۣ漴˵ͷ
һͷ֣ʵڲԵĶ֡׼վԭؿϷͻȻɫһ
ԣСղòƳԼελÿһۣȻֻһۡ
ղԼС۵ˣȻûӦ
ѩǸΪûܷԼСηֵģֻǲ飿


122 룬޵
ԼСĵ㡣Ե飬ѩûų⣬˵ͷŻһԣʱ׼ǸСŮ
Сã£Ͼ͹ˡŤͷѩСŮĻĲпͶԼ¹Ķ֡
۾űּҸµСŮһɷϢܾЩԾŻת
ʦ㣬׼ˡԽԼķɽ仨ضǾ֣·ڶϵ⡣
Сˣ˧Ʋ졣
׵أԳˣһ˲۽˾ԣϽ£֮ߣֵദȥ
ԵĹ飬ȫǺŭ֣·һܹйѩܵһ㡣
Է𹥻ͬʱѩҲˣĿСŮ
ûεľֵܵסһƲĽ⣬һѸ磬ǰһ̻ڿҡҷһѾ˾ֵš
ͷֵ۾ɵͭ塣
ֺ׼һ˾ֵ࣬һ˲Ӿֵлɢˡ
ѩ˾ǰһֽСŮӾҸ˹ͬʱһɽٰ߳ʮصľ߷˳ȥڵϾһƬ
һߵͶЩۡԿͷֵһ˲ˣͬ޻һ
ôεεŮˣҲСعͷͳѩȥֻһۣ;ɵˡ
ѩСŮ֮󣬽Լǰıذοûˣûˡ
СŮԴѩؿϣʹʳҭţղŻ޵滨һСͻȻֳһĨЦݣ˫ĵҲһ˿Ƿ۵ɭ
ʹǶȿѩԣûע⵽
Һ£СŮһ߿ţһֻźһС첲סѩĲӣһâСŮָ⴦š
ˣԣ𡭡ѩû˵꣬ͻȻо󾱴һۣһ飬СŮ˫ԪȻų볯СŮĲӴȥ
ѩеСŮݵһֱӴѩ˳ͬʱС΢΢һţһŷɫѩϡ
ղŻ޵һͿСŮЦѸѩ֮УգۼǰͬһС죬һŷɫ
һ˲ıʣһ㷴Ӧʱ䣬ɽĵӣӦٶ൱һԣһ˦ɽѽСŮȥ
СŮһ˿ϧòڿиı˷һߣŷɫҲɢˡ
ֻһ˲䣬ۻңСŮ䵽ϵʱѩѾУڵˡ
һĨķɫѩĲӴӿѸٸס͵һ˲
Сģѩʾ
ʦ㣡Դ󾪣Ͻܵѩߡ
û£ѩ΢΢زţǰһ㷢£ʹ
㵽˭̧ͷŭŸղŻϧСŮ
СŮر˫֣۵ϹµЦݣվʮ׿⣬ЦһСѾͷѽ
ƨԴŭ
ԣŵ㣬жˡѩһҲ޷˼ܱߵĵϥ˵ϣ۾ָܷܷԼ󾱴һΣγһϸţâϸ룬ָһϸϡ
룿һ߹۲ѩϵķɫΣһ߳ϸ뿴ȥ˸жϡ
ûõģԽ˹ֵӵľԽ죬ŶСŮǱЦ˵
ѩԵɫͬʱˡǾû뵽Լ˾µСŮȻڰ¶֣һһ˵С
һͷΪӣټСŮĳ࣬ѩˣѹûʲôѩ֣Ҳܱ͵Ϯ
˭ʲôѹͷŭʵ
˭ѵ֪ôСŮһ˵ЦݣЦݣ˿ȴЫ֣Ҳʲôֻ뿴Ϸˡ
ʹֵĻں󣿡ԲޱȵؿСŮ
ܴӿɽ̣
仰ѩжʱٸнǿ࣬ȳ˻ܡʹֵĻ֣ȻǰСŮ˻ɵ
ϲ⣬޳
ˣǸˡСŮ˵ͬʱӻóһ̵ֻСϰţֻ֮һԽⶾ
ʲôżʵһԳؿЦһ£Է϶׵˵ⶾķˡ
ﵽ۷壬ȻͿԽˡϵأСŮȻⶾķ˵˳
仰üͷһ壬۾ȴ͸ޱȵĿȺڴ
ĻֻԽԽܣʹļ尾ȥСŮ΢Ц˵
̵ĵӱŵСŮߣĵ
Ƭʱ䣬ΧĴ춯Ťͷȥʱɫɷס
֪ʲôʱѾΧͷ֣ȻһЩδȫľ֣ϰֻУҲвֵĴţţѪ۾ضŵϵˡ
СһŮֹͣ˵ԸؿŮȥأԸ꣬Ȼҵĳɱأ
ûжѩֻȥж֮䷢ʲôµĻԱߵϰͷֺͷϴ񣬿϶ǡôʱ䣬ȫ˳ʱҲѱ
ѩһЩȣ͵ӿȡ
룬޵ѣ;ýֺͷ£֪СŮˡ
Ǻǧһ̬׻˵³⣬³ʺǧȥˣԷûб䡣
ΨһľǶԷԱˡ
СһˣʧŶһӰ͵͵ؿǵġСŮЦһ̵һףѸٷߣֻһƬЦ
СŮߵʱ򣬻صĵطһۡ
ȻˡֻǶԷ˵Ȼɵ㶵
ղͻɻԼôֵģϾϢʵں̧ͷϵĴ֪ˡ
ϢֻϢ϶ϵķԼӰġ
СŮ˵߾ߣͻԣ֪Էһڸĳطصȴš
ʦ㡣ɬ촽ں
ѩƤ̲סزţظоһɴδйĿڴӿţǸСŮ˵Խ˹ֵӵԽ졣
ѩûܹоӶȼգϸǹޱȡԼʶڻѣѹסеĳ嶯
ɱȥѩǿӲվԼķɽ˵


123 Χ
ԻǰȥѩһѣȴѩĿһɣڨڨ˻ȥ
ôƬʱ䣬ѩӷۺˣֱʿˮյأԵûоԵ׳յĵز
ŭԼķɽеŭ𣬶йΧһԵľˡ
һԭΧ澲شŵľ֣ҲʼжˡǶһЩδȫľ֣ʵôڡ̵Ҳֻѡ
ѩҲһ߰æ·еͷĿѣӶ£ȵܣȴǿӣһɱһ
λɽӵĳɫʵöһԵһʲôɽޡ
ǰԼѩУһɵʵûó
ڲͬˣɱȥԺѩȫûκηĶȫɱУԾͲ˵ˣǸˣɨңЩľȫʬѩôεεŮˣҲǴ󿪴ϣ
˴ӷɽϱƳĽ׳ۿɼˢǰһɨͰԵľִ͸
ɽɽµĽǶͻеԣҪıԼ׾ˡһ治СƱˡ
۽еĻǰδػɽĽУҲӦӮˡֻ˵ȻԼ˽еĻ𾢣Ǿˡ
ʦ㣬ߣ⾫ɱꡣԴ˰죬һŵջ𣬹⿴һڵϣȴôǰͺ̵ظϹΧס
ߡѩһɽڵϣ³
Ҫһߣ֣סԡһ¾ųľ֣һЦ
㿴ϣѩڵشеˣҷɲߵġ
ɫһ䣬ͻȻԼȻϻ̬ľˡմʦ״ǷɵϣȫǸƶİӣЩϵľ֣Ҳͬǳصġ
ұ㣡϶ȻųһлĽУһƬ֣ʦ㣬߰
ѩҧҧҲٳɣ׳ϵķɽòײվȥתڵԪҡҡλεط
𣡡Ҳ׳һѷɽվ棬ϻŸղõķɽһʱ׼սģ
˸ʱ򣬲ԶһɱڵĵȻ
εҲüͷһ塣
Ժѩˣ޵ȴǺö룬ʵ˵Ĳ
Ϳ޵ѵʱ֪ΪʲôôûεľˡСŮ£ԽһЩҰޣ޵Ѵ߻Ȼеɣһãͱڡ
˼һ⣬ҪҪڳȥСŮץס߸ɵأô˵ԺѩѾǣ˴󲿷־ֵж
ǡԼѾСŮˣڹȥԷҲ
̧ͷ˿ԼϷһֱһֻմţ϶ܵؼԼжڳȥСŮҲ֪ġ
֮ЩԭĴ񾫹ǣۿӶ࣬ſͺһȫԺѩ˹ȥһΣյĸоûС
վڷɽϵЦһǿװ򶨣Ҳе㷢
һֱɽɽϴҰʲôģͷһγִ񣬾Ȼһôྫ֡
ǵصĴ񾫹֣Ѹƶƶ䣬һ˲ͼԺѩΧһг˱ϢЩ񾫹ȻûеãƾƺͺηĳײȻһʱƵæҡ
ǣԴŭһУһѺɫСϣԪȻСϣСһƬҫ۵Ĺâһ̣һƬƿ֮Ⱥȥ
һʣ׹䣬еİΧȦӲرһȱڡ
ʦ㣬ߡԴϲСջؽԼڣͷһʱסˡ
ԭѩ֪ʲôʱѾֻΧ֮ѩַôʱ䣬˶еԺˣĻʲô
ֻһײȻѩײȥ
ѩеʶŬԼķɽȫ䵽ϡ
Կ켱ˡۿɱ֮ش񾫹Χ˹æһţȥٴ澫ֵİΧȦ
ߣѩڵϣڳһּջ˵ƣСץԼķɽɽʦ𡣡
ʦ㣡ұһߣԿˡ
ѩΡΡؽԼķɽڲϣ˶ڶ£ҡٲߣھ˽Լ
Ҫʦ㣡ԸϽͣ˽Ų
ѩ֪ԼڵԼκջֵ֧ڣҲʮžֻҪ΢Լһ£ԼһֱƵ϶ȫ̷йʱ˶ܲȥ
淢飬ѩԸ


124 
īݵʱ򣬲ԶĵͻȻɱڣù
ڵϵѩ鲻ԽشӺһ̵Ըƺһɫ΢΢תס
ͣҲһ޲Ĺһ£εûɶ˺
޵ѣɲֻп޵ͬҲͬɱ
ǸСŮûˣԱЦ̬ˣȱľġ
Сӣٸʱ䣬㻹뿴Ķһ˽㣬ĴʦľкܶǾ׳Ŷһ԰֮СŮ˿ôɭ
ԵһĶʱǱĴʦЩªľַʲôĻǻһĳ
ԼȻеڴΪɽĵӣΪ޵ڴе
ղŵһӴѾ׵ˡԼʵȺȫûġֻǶڰǸСŮطԼ뿪
Ǹıĵεɱ֣赲סԼκε·ˣûֱӳֹԸоѹ
ǡȺл֮£飬ڴҲɵȥ
СŮһ仰Աҡ˼ζĸˡ
ģʦⶾĻҿЩֳ·ұ֤ڴڼ䲻ǵκζ
˻棿鲻Խغ˳һ˵꣬ͨޱȡ
ȻСŮЦŴƮ޼ʣ˲λãһεЩΧ۹ľǼٵصͷˣľ֣ҲӰ
òҪܣں
Ҳ뿪վѩԣŤͷܿȥ
ֻǸСŮ벻뿪ʲô⡣˼ֻǶˣֲһ⡣
üͷ壬ˡ
˵ʵԼʦ㷢ʲôһ߿̽ĻԼ治˼תһ룬ϾֻǸСŮǧǰҲǸŮˡ
еƽصбˡ
ûּۻ۵ʸʱ쵽ˣжһɱ㣬ȻþĴʦ㡣СŮš
֪ˡԺݺݵغһڵϵѩǰ£ϹһĨЦʦ㣬Բˡ
ʦ˵Ƕ˽ڣٰǺϼ˫ޣҳҪɺϼѵˣһһҲν֮֮ǾлһɱȥˣصɽţԻʦһС
ҲãɱҲգһֻһŮˣԸΪ㸶һС
ɿظףȴǱ͵͵ˡ
ղСŮֳʱΪ˲ɣͷһֱֻҲɳȥԶ
ôõĻᣬ᲻ա
Ϸû˼ȥͣһֱڿôϢؽӽǸСŮ
ǰһʯͷԼԼתϢڴѸٵԾ
ò˵ϢǸöʹСŮ־ḻĴڣûд飬Ҳᷢ͵ĺۼ
ΪͲڳκһˣʶǿȴ˸߳һء
СŮĵطȻҲϵش˵ıԴķλ͵ʶ֮£ͰСŮλã̽ˡ
˵ôһʱ䣬Ѿ˿дߣСŮ֮ʮ׵ĵط
͸ӲҪϢеΣա
ڵȣԵĶСŮǱ̬ԣֻҪнһĶ϶ᱻȥʱ򣬾Լ͵Ϯĺʱˡ
Ѿ˵ˣ̾һĵ̧ͷһܣȷûκΣմ֮Ų˫֣ѩ̽ȥ
ѩڴӴȫһƬۺ죬С΢ţٵش̬Ҳ
ԽԽǾѣûһĴʦ㣬ȻҲô˵һ̡
·ֿܲѩغ߳һ
ԴһҲѹƲסͷ˫ּǰһ̽뽫ѩ
ûѩǰͻȻһԭڵϵѩȻһƵԵĲӴ
ʦ㣬㡭ֻòӴһϬԪ͸룬Լ˵ʶģ
Ҷˡѩŭֻһ˲䣬ٴղӲҲҾҲñۡ
˵ʱѩѾԼķɽݺݵسԼؿڴȥ
ҪԵҲ֪Լһ̧֣ѩϵķɽ˳ȥ
ɽ⣬ڿд˼תڵϡ
ͬʱԺѩҲˡǳ׻˹ȥѩû


125 ͯ
ͻȻıöڰ׼ϷСŮһ㡣
ȫû뵽ĽȻӡ鶾Ȼס̨һ˿ڹؼʱ̱סԼףʵ˲á
ǣô
СŮ߷ʵЩջѩǿһּƻҲ޷ֲ
ȻǸ˻ˣǾԾСŮϲľ
ûٴ죬˻ëȻһɴĵĺ˲串ȫСŮ붼û룬ֻСڵһ㣬γԱߴȥͬʱϵ޵ǰһᡣ
ֻоḻʿһ˲жϳΣգĶ
һ죬һɽδ֪ķɱ˳޵ѡһӴСŮӴȥԶ
СŮڿз˼ɵ䵽ϣصŵ˺üӡ
޷ȡ
ӦͦġƷɽؿСŮ
㲻ǻǱߣСŮĪԭȲĵطȥʶӦһ£Ǳ߻һ΢Ԫֻ͵ĴҲûκ쳣
ʵڲףڰʿʲôʱ͵͵Լġ
ֻԼ۾ܿࡣЦˣҲøϻȥϷɽһ⣬СŮ˶ڽӰ档
СŮɫˡ
ѩԣһʿ˹Ѿ֪ˡʿɢԷֻһΪѣСŮȻ֪һֱûȥᡣֻȺϷճȥʰ
ͽһСŮʱԼеסӴĹȺ಻ĽУһһʿܹͷųģ
ԼȻһ˲䱻ԷѹŴ
üΣСŮ뽫޵ѷߴףǲԸɽĽͬһ㣬ճڶԷϣƵСŮò޵ֵһ
СŮˡ
֮ҵľһǶߣȫԼе㾫ֵӣǷŵǧ֮ǰԼʹףֻҪ΢ʶԼľ־ͻᰴ¡
ڲУЩԴżйľǣҪ޵Ʋźʹ
ң˵ĳҲʵֲ̫һЩӿʼڣ˵βϽ仯ϵķɽûֹͣͿâԪǲҪع֮СԼҪСɣҲѶܶĽС
壬ˣ˼ֻǸСŮСŮصֵ͵Ľһ߰ڳһģ۵Сǿֻš
壿͹Цҿɲҵ
Ǳ߻иŮˣ鶾ˣҪǷңˡСŮСһУ˵ĹָĨâ˦ȥ
룡֪⣬ʵǴޱȣŮֻ֮дﵽ۷壬Զݶء
̫޼ʹöɣЦˣмң㲻С
˼һ˾СŮҲô򣬻ҵҪıˣСŮŭҲˣΪʿȻͣһʱҲܰԼô
ֻҪԼҵᴵ޵ѣʱһͷһӿϣҲɥڴˡ
ͶʱȻʧЦбŶԷǧ겻ԽԽȥ˰ͯӣ
Ϳ޵ѵʱ򣬾ϳСŮˡͯӣİ˴˧֮һóʹ޵ƾ֣ͯӵľִǵʿĻҲֻеķݡ
СΪԵʣһֱͣڰ˾ģķĲȫҲȱ̬
з£ͺϲñԼһ͵͵ؿ
ǧȥˣ벻ǣͯӾȻȺáԸղȻл͵ϮѩɱߴˣȴûǸѩ˼롣
ֻǣͯǸкӣ֮Ȼѡ˸Ůʵ˺Ц
ֵʱСŮɫȻˡȻ⼸ʱ䣬һЩʿѾѰٵ²ӣСŮʵû뵽ĽҰģȻһϳԼݵʿ
ʿһ޿֡
Ȼ֪ԼҲ϶Լص˽ôͥŲѵһ׼϶ܴԼ
СŮʱое㲻ˣСʵηˣ
㲻ϣֻ걻͵Ϯ֮𡣡һĵ⡣һͷɾУʧȥԭͯˣָԼľִ͸ˡ
˼ܲۺ죬ϳͯӵݵʱ򣬾ͱעҪˡ
͵Ϯ˶ȥСŮ˵


126 һҲ
㵽ܵظٸ㡣һ˦һ̳ವһͳͯնȥ
֮ͻͷһδ߷Զ̽һݣǾ˧ĵǰȻҲԴ߷ԶûôӦ֣Ҵ߷ĽҲôˡ
εĽдƿ֮һ˲ͯǰֳͯһ˿𾪣Сһ̤һߺǽǰײǽϣӴֱӽǽ촷ۡ
ֻһΪͷųĽȴȸղ˻Ҫв
ϳ̫ûˡ
С󱲣ֻ͵ϮһʺͯӴУһСõ˼
͹ЦСӣ벻Ҳнɣ
ղųͷԶ̽ͷڸеִ˲ˣӶ䣬һԲ͵Ľˢˢؾͳͯɨȥ׵ĹûС
УһſŴնϣµȥͯӱĸƵأǰѲ͵Ĺ
Զ̽˧˧˵㣬ǺķԪ̫أһ˳̫ܲʱġͲͬȻֻһΪôҵĻ𾢣ڳˣ洢ԪǾӴޱȡ
ͯԽԽľûǰĵµСǿֻ֮ɫףԼҲỹֵĻξڽˡ
ͣͯһƯӷ㿪͵һһͣ
л˵ƨͷš;ؿϰЦݡ
ǰ˴˧֮һͻûɵģ˵ʲôʱͱˡ
ɡͯӼٵغţǺˮ
ʲôȻ
ߣܸģ㣬һͷҲ㣬Ҫ֪Щֻʱ߻
Դ¿ˣҸҪߣͱһۣɱ֮Ҫʲôò
˲Ҫ̫֣ͯӴŭΪɱң
ԡ˽⡣
Ҫƴôͯӽ
㻹ûʸ񣡡ʹЦ
̬ȳ׽ͯӸˣСһһףȻĲᡣ뵱꣬ôҲð˴˧֮һʲôʱǵϣ
Ͷ˷ѿˮֻͯСֿٵ𷨾
ʹһҷɽ
ͯһ񾭱ü֪ԼֻҪһʲôƱػҪܶԷ಻ɱС
һɵˡ
ͺ֮󣬾ȻһʹƷʲķɽ˹ƶٶȣȻûʲô֮УֻǵӶѡ
ʲôͯЩĦԷ뷨ҲӲӣԱһ࣬ϵķûֹͣ
Ҳ֪ʱôЦţһ˲䣬ķӡ⿪ĳߴϣĻ𾢣֮Уɫķɽóޱȣͷų˵ѹ
ͯӸնܿӹķɽͺȻ֣Լĵգʱڷ˷츲صı仯ȻֱӾԼǰԼһ㷴Ӧʱ䶼ûС
ѹ⣬ͯӾĪǰĵˣĻһһʿӵеѹȫ͸ڵʿ޼ˡ
ǡڴʱͯӵķѾ꣬ԭڵϼį͵ѩͻȻٽͳͱ
һãԴ߷˵϶صַͯӶʱڿơͯӵֺϷ
ѩһ˲䣬͵תһѩظϡ
Բεţ˲˴һֻӡӡѩɫϣһѪѩ˵˳ȥ
Уŭһһ̫޼ͯӾ뽣ӰУͯӶʱһȻѾûл֮ˡ
ȴϣͲû˼ʧƬ̣һƴĵﴦȻƮƮ˻ȥ
֮ͯӴڵشһ˲䣬ĴӹŹתһȦ
Է޿ƥеƣǹѹɱĻͯѾˡţͯҲĥԷʲô˼
ʲôԼͯӶʱɫ䣬ܸܵԼڲ֪ʲôʱӿһɲԼԪңԪڣ˵սľĺɫûͷţͯҲܸܵеĺ
֪ġͺٺһЦڿǧҪԪһãҵǷԪͻɢ㣬еĺɫҵ𡣡
ͯˣֻ۾ǾӨ
㵽˭ͯӴſǻʵԼмԷȻȫ֪˿϶ͷ
һˡҲ


127 аѣ˵㻰
ʲôͯԷſ˽䱸һƨڵϡ
ͯҲûˡظܵԼﴦŹΣ˵ԼֻҪ΢Ԫͻ᳹ױŷҵ⣬ɲġ
ѽͯ˼ضŴС¶˼ı飬ôú졣
˽˭ôһС˵־ģߵڱ˵ɱ֮𣬿տհ
ŶͯӵɴӣͻȻһ벻˭
ʹŭСүүǰɣ
ͯӸæЦĸҰ治ǵ˭ֻ֪ѽ
ҲǣԼȻҲһ֣ɱ˴˧˵е㲻˼ҹֻϵЩɵĸǡ
ϻ˵ڰǰ·һһѡͺʵ
ͯӿЦǸ˶ѡ
Ǻã޵ѣ룬еף֮ҷ뿪Ὣ㵤ڵҵߡ
һôͯӺݺݵذһۡ
ү쵱һˣ´ѣ˵㻰ظĵ졣
ͯӵˡ뵱꣬ͯΪԵʣȻҲи綤ҲֻǸѣһáһ⻰֪ڷ
ҲԼ˽һƮĳŵϡͯҡͷ
Цֻһ·ˡһ˵ţһĦԼĴ󽣣Ļڹעš
ͯһ˲ˣĸӦ£ǱֻƷ֮˵ķɽƷʾȻߡ
ʲôɽ
ƷƷƷɢ˿һƷɽ
ҲͲ䷢ֵģȻ֪Ʒô򵥣Ż𾢵Ĺ룬ȻƷʣɽ磬Ƕһ޶ġ
ʵޣֻܽƷ֮УؿŴţԺҿԽƷ
ͯӵӶǺģĽɽ磬û˵˭
˲ʹõģ
һ˾Ʒ֮Ϳзӡһ꣡ӡ֮󣬷ܻӣպãҵĴûӡꡣͯӣûǴһͷ԰ɣ˵ҪǽԪӡУΪ꣬ǲһܺ飿
ңͯӴʧɫ漴ʶԼ̬Ⱥ⣬ôҵԪ粻ǧǰܷӡķɽУ𵽶ã
ضǰСЦ
ͯһˮֱðҪԼԪ汻ӡһѷɽУǻһɱԼʹ졣
ܲôˡӡԪ֮ҾͿʶһԵõףʹ޵ѣǰ˼ǵصѹ
ͯ鲻Խ˼Ͽֻ
ġͯӻæ˵Ϊһ޵Ѻ͵ףֵô
ҲЦѵ׽ҡ
Σ֮һɱҡ
Ϊʲôأ˵Ҵ󷢴ȱͷ뿪ˡ
Ҳģͯҧ
û취ˡһǰţߵĺܳȣÿһȴͯӴ޵ѹ
֮ͯѾƵһŴϿţ޿ˡ
ȵȣи飡ͯӺ꣬æ󺰡
ǽף̸Ѿ˴ӽ£дźƿ
ҰһԪ񽻸㣡ͯӱ۾
仰֣ͯһϷͣղ˵ʲô
ͯһֻۣȥǱĴѹԼԴϣ΢һԼ϶Ҫһʬ
㻹濳ͯһƨ˵ϣŵá
ƨΪҸôղ˵һԪ񽻸ң
̧ͯͷһֵͣͷЦҲΪˡڰѵ׽㣬ҲһɱҡҪҪףֻһǾҰһԪ񽻸㣬ʱؿκ顣õһᷴͲɱˡ
аħǹŵࡣ̾ԪƱ˵飬ǰɲ֪ôû뵽ͯҲᡣ
ѵ֮ˣͯӱĵ
˵˵ôܰԪ񽻸ңͶȤ
һƣȫͯǿ
һƣǣ㽻Ҷ٣
һһǣͯһָϵƤڳ鴤
Ҳ̫˰ɣ˵Ҳһ
ǰ׳ôͯӷ˸ۣһһѾҵļˣȿңҲҵʵٶ㣬Լͳɰ׳ˡ


128 ⶾ֮
һƾһˣԪⶫɲģ֪ͯûѡһһǣԹ
ֻû뵽ͯӵͷȻԸ顣
ͯӵָʾͽƷϣ۾ϥƬ֮ϱ㿪ʼһһˣҲڳ鴤ѣȻתʲôķԵʡ
ңͯӶĸˡ﷢һ죬ֻоһɾͯӵϴܳ͸ԼģԼС
ͲҴ⣬æתԪҵ
ͰĺСģûҵĻյ
ǣýԼĵ֮УԼʶ֮͸ҵİӴ
һ˲䣬ֺĸоǾ͸ͯе뷨һˡ
̫ˣ̫ˣгľͯͣһܵˡ
˫ۣЦĿϲ£ˡͯӹӣǰ޺޵ص
֪󷨵ôͯʵ
˽˽⣡ʹЦͯӵԴᱣġ
㲻ɱ˰ɣͯСʵ
һ£Ҫǿܶࡣ
Ǿͺãҵҵ߰ɣҸղŶҶԪͯġ
ҲûΪĵﴦղͽȥҵ˳Ȼ˴֡
ʲôͯɻʵ
޵Ѱбô˲ɣ
Ҳ㣬ֻǣ޵ϣԶûϷӵô˵ˣԺҾˡ
⻰ɲ˵ӶûȤ͸Ͻ塣
һģֻǸ˵ѡ޵ҵı϶ûҿ
Ҳԣ͵˵ͷ˴޵ѵ⣬ŤͷͯӵԺԹԵظңӦܸܵһһǶҵУһͷͿ
֪ͯӲͷش
أŪˣˣֻЦ
ҪʲôĴҵķöˡ
ö˻յĻô͵һۡ
ͯΣֻøֶɵʡŵãûˣڻûơ
֪ˡϵ룬ٺֱЦ⻹Լͷһν۲죬ϸţâ۶Ҫ͵ϮǾһѺְ
鶾֮󣬷ٶȼ죬־΢ᶨߣ˲ͻĿУټ϶صַʩ߶ʱڿƵˣʵ
Լ˴˧ɱһշһ
˴˧ͻȻʵСӣ֪֪Х䣿
֪ͯҡҡͷɾ֮ǾͷɢˡѰ¯
Ժôϵأ
ǳɽȻܵõϢô⣿ͯбͣһСӲ֪ߵغ񡱵ı顣
ХǸǹǾƷ˵
İɣɲôöԸġͯһˮ
˵ŻǱͻȻһҵ
ͷһͻŤͷȥѩӽţϲţɫǺ죬Сһһϣﲻӿ̵
鲻Խ˿ڿˮ
Ҹѷ磡ͯ
ƨͳһСӣʲô취ⶾû
ǳƺΪСӣ˼ŮӣͯӲ
ߺȣ㻹̬ͦģ
ʲô̬˼Ҵǧ֮ǰŮˡͯӱС˲ãŮ˵СҲá
Ͳû³һѪ
ϻ˵ˣôܽⶾнⶾĶɣʵ
ܱǸĸ㣬鶾ֻһ취Խ⣬Ǿﵽ۷塣
ҲŲȥʹҡͷ˵ѩйڣԼҪ𣬵Ҳ˱ӣˣһҪأԲ֮ܳΣ
ҪʱѩԼ϶ʲôۼĿܣѩ֮ʶԸɵĺ¡
ûв£Ϳ԰ⶾģͼʵ
㻹Ǻġ
ҲǺģҸгβˣ͹ˡҪذɵ
ͯתתӣһ˵ˣֻҪﵽ۷壬ȻԽⶾһҪµġ
ôһţͲϲʵ
ͯͣһССһָһ൱аʾԵĶ
㣡ŭ
ͯӽظһͦЦ
Σˣ


129 С̬
ͯС̬ṩϢʩչġһָ񹦡ãŰѩ鶾
ǳ棬ǷɳʯرɫɽУѩ߰ҵĲҽת࣬ľ
һˮѩĿˮ
Ҳû취İ취ڳĸУԻԲѣͯӵԾԾԣȥʩչ񹦣ܾС̬ϳҲ̫̣˼ˡ
ԣԼȥˡ
͵յϢз߷ߵ
ɳʮأͯһϣεСȣڵ͹С̬Ϲޱȴ΢Ц
͵ʱˡ
ߣͻӻ֣óС«˿ںѹѹһСĸεڻͨͨԺлʱʱػղ컵ĳָ⴦Ҳ·һĻ塣
ˬôС̬ʵ
ˬ̸ȣ
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130 㽣
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ͯüͷ˼Ƭ̣ͻȻ̧ͷ˵֪иطͲ֪Ҳȥˡ
ʲôط;ϲӣǴһʵԵϢˡ
طǽйϵͯװǻƵ˵
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ĵ¿ηΣͯƲƲ죬ǧûǰûеĶڲһûС
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ͯ˵ģҴ㽣еĺˮҵ˵ʲôҲðѺˮŪˡɹϵԺ֮·
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131 ҵŮ
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ԹԡͯԼСһˮرҿһŲ̫õĵҩȻôã㲻򵥡
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132 Ϻ
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133 
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134 ɽ
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ʱ䣬ɫѾغˣ׼ҸطϢ£ͯȴͻȻ˵ʮ
ȷ
Ҫҵ۾ͯ˵վԭظӦƬ֮󣬶ʱƵһ׷һˣң׷ˡ
ΣͲ֦ͯӾʹܽһĵط
˿϶ǻ㣬Ļֿ϶Ҳڣ˴Ӱġң뻨˵ʱҲδ


135 ֮
ͯӵߴϢǱһˣںһǰ׷һӣܵ˻Ѫ߰ߣˡ
ֻЩ޷жЩ˵ʵΣͯҲ֪
κѹĹǳ뻯ϢͯȻ˴ͷϷɹҲῴǡ
֮;͸Ӧ˵Ĵڡ
ףǰܵǸΪ׷ʵҲͯ˵
һȺСƨͯƲƲ졣
Ȼͯ˵ЩķͺͯεĵطǰܵǸ˷һͣһᣬȻϵķͺ䣬ǲҪͷţסԷĽŲ֮ټӶݡ
˲ˡ˵ѹܲȶһ޴͸ʱ򲻸Ͻܣʲô
϶Էʲôޡͯӽӵ
ǹ
ʱѾ˲ˣ۶Կϼٷɳš
㻹ģԶԶأһ߳ȵ͵ĶУԹԵؽ齻ҿ㲻
ƨǰӶݵɫɷףŭһѵ֪ΪôҲ汳Ҳֵˣ
ͬʦֵôķϡֻҪ㽻飬ұ֤Ϊ㣬ȼλϳ֮һΪ顣
Цһޱįϻ˵ˣѾɱ˰ٻˣ䵽λϣһܻô
ƲԳԷƣĪʦˣ
ѵôΪ̽Ӷݡ
СͻȻһŮ˵ĺӶݵȻһͣô˻ᣬ׷Ǽˣ⹥
⧲֮£ԶԷһѪӲǳŽûȥҡҡλεġ
ˣϡһϽ͸žš
ڰУͺͯӶһۣ˶͡⼸˵Ƕ϶ǸöͯӳħȻԴҽɱ˶ᱦмѣжͱסˡ
ҪѰҲ̵Ķġ
ĸ֣ͯӲ
ӣ㻹ңٲȻӶݣת˫ĿŻ⣬ǸŮˡ
̧ͷȥǸŮһѩ׵ѣҲǹɫ㣬ˮģüзɧ֮ɫӣ˫͸޾ջ
СǸŮ˳ǿЦһ£Ǻαأ
Χסˡһһӣ˸ϽŽס
ӣҷ绨ѩҹʱôû⸱һĵҺãڵشʡ
ƾиϵĵûȣһ⼫ˣǰ§סǸŮ˵ļ򣬻һڣҵˡ
ʲôʱ飿󾪡
ǰ
ɫӰˡ
ͺͯӲԼͬسԴϿȥ·һ͵ñӡ
˴ñӶ֪Ϊһˣʵһַ̡
һ˵һֱ㵱ֳ޲磡ٻţɣҲգ
Ϣûǰٻŵڡ
ҵ˵ˣҺɺϼ֮󣬾ʹڸ˫޹һ޵ؼս
棬ô˵ɫƽĿ£ȫ£ÿһ缡ûҵĿˮ˵֮һһضô
Χסļˣ¿ˮǸŮһۡ
СʿֻһƤҰˣɣ׷ĲǸǿôһǲġŮ˵ؿ˵
˵ĺáһЦţҰ棬Ȼǰ顣
̫ˡ˵еķ֮壬κ˺˫ޣԿٵǿҪȻΪʲôǹ񣿡
ͷԻڡۼ¶ɻ֮ɫһϽз֮岻٣ǾûУҲһ㣡
֪ʲôаô
з֮壿濴һʵô֪ôҲû˸ң
ôҲǰǰ͵λϵ̸֪ġҪĲ㣬ʣ㱻ƭˣϽ͡
øϻھʹʦͽλʦֵܣһϣһ󺰵
˭ңɱҲѣҪǲҪ飬ھͶ֣һ֮ڲʹö飬ҿ˭ѹסɽޣʱٻŶʧ
ɽޣͯӵһˡ


136 籦
Īϻλʦֵһϣϡһֺ
ɱңҲõ飬Ѿһεĵطˡ˵գִЦһһϷɽ˫Ŀ죬֪ɣô棬Ҳøᣡ
һ˲䣬ֻͷϷʼݺύŸֵıŷһŮߺڶ
ºģ²ҪġűĴ𹥻ȫûй˼ɵķ׷ļҲΪĻ˼ɣ֡սһʼ˾ȻռЩϷ硣
ǸŮ˴ΣգвңŵһϽԮȡ׻һҹްնȻŭͱɥʧǣ滹޷Լľɱֻ֣ܿ
ټΪߣ˿̸಩Ȼ
ͺͯ˶·ĺǹ񫡣
̫̾Ϣ
ھԵǰʲôֵܵ壬ɽ˶Ǽٵġͯӽӵ
棬㻹֣ѵδˣ㲻˫ôۿһȥһæ
Ϊ֮ɫСѶ齻ɣϣһ뿪ġ
ģӣҸ̸飿˵⻰ãһ˵⻰ͻðɣ뻳һͳһСģķ
ãһˣΧҲһæ˿ȻΪɵ
˵ģ͵ӶͻˣͯҲһԴ
νɢѹȻﵽ˰Ʒ֮
ôǿķһʵʿӵִķ
ƷǾƷ۷ֻһߣʹɽ磬Ҳǲɶõĺö
Χĸ˻æˣֻһڿ֧š
С㵱˾飿Өʵʵ
ΪԪһߣϵСʱâţתֻһ˲䣬ֻаƴСͱ˷ӴСƣȻûֹͣǴΣ˵ĺÿ
ȥЦؿ棬һӣֱӳȥ
Ȼӿն滹ӶݣȴãһԪסˣֱӽУŮһҽУӰʧˡ
ģӣҸ̸飬һ֣Цһӣֱɰƴ󣬻صϡ
öҲɱһˣ촽µ˵
һһŤԴѪ߰ߣɷԵüֲ
СϲħӵǱʺ;򣡡ͯӵ˵ͷ
˵ⳡս˭ӮͿڳͯʵ
ȻǸСһ̫ⷨڵֵס
ҿδأұȽһǡ
ôͯЦ
ͷأ
ҪӮˣԺָֻŵģȻҲʲôΪѵ顣
ҪӮˣýְ֣
̬
ͯӻû䣬ԭһ߿־ޱȵһͻȻЦʣЦʲôô
һҡҡͷһʳָ˰ڣ㻹ôɰ
ͷԲѣŭˣϷһٴתֱ˶ޱȡ
ȥԼķһȥһǰԶУԼԾĥԱ֮ޡ
ϵأһһֻŶûУվԭЦؿ
תۼ͵һͷϣۿžҪһҪصޣڴʱתеͻȻת
󾪣æԼĵһ˲䣬ȻܵһϤѹȫѹס
ˢһֱԭȰƴģһֻϸСȵסˡ
ղűе棬֪ʱֳˣվһߣؿ촽СǷѾˣҴӽԺûа֡
ܣôܣɴӣŬȴһԼǳϤԪ赲סˣǹԪǰŮˣ
ӣҵʲôŭ
ɵúñһ§ס磬һڣִùϰţƷʵ˵áŵֻԼԼ׽ŮˣҲţѵôһģǸʱͰԼľѪˡ


137 ȹʺ
˺üɫһ²ˣؿ棬۲ʡ
̣ѹ˼֪Լɸ׷ԭĺ֡
ղǼ˶Ŀ־壬ȫװġ
ǸСй뾫Ѫûк뷨ŪҲ롣Ȼ
ƷŮǼͯ
ͲЦеؿ
ʲôлôͯӱúǲ
ɿҲ˵
ͯɫڨڨʹСԴСִԼ½ǣ̧ͷЦ֣֡
ԣͱЦС
û´ΣûУͯҧгݣղôģ
װƭ˵ġ⼸Ϊͬţ˴˼϶˽ĺûʲôԸֶΣǸ׷ô
ģ˴ˣͯӻӶСȭͷ
ϣλʦֵܻʲôһЦȷųԼķɽҲʾַк
Ѿңվڿؿ棬һյشϡһѪγ׹ȥ
ģ׹ĵطպͺͯصĵط
ڿд򶷵ʱ򣬲ʶ鿴ˣֻҪһ˾Ρ
ȹʺˣͿͯʵôôù
ɱͯ³һ
ٻŵļˣΪ׷鶨䣬Ȼûж֣Ȼˣȴ
ʱ˫룬һҡպƲˣʱȦԲΡ
꣡ʳָߡ
ϣٴαȼ鶯ƤЦûЦ
𣬶ǡС˵˼ޱȡ
ȻȻͲѰҲ̵·Ͻ֦ڻ콵Ҳóˡ
ͯӸֱӣ۷Źɽ
ŷĵر۾ڵش
˼ȻôƤӵãʵ϶š
ץġһһӣٻʣµˢˢ
˻ûǰľƣͿһЦһעǡ
һ⻹û꣬һ̣ǾͿһɰСŮԱ˳СŮϹͲϵĹ΢ЦֵһöɫĶ
ˣһӦȽϿİٻŵӴһϵķɽ͵Ĵ˹
Էһ滹ϣսپͳȻ飬һ⣬ƷವǰٻŵĵֻϷɽԵһһɴӲܿƵȥ
߳ɨȥȻ鵽Լķɽһ˶Ŀӡ
Էõʲôٻŵĵӻû˼⣬ѾϣͨĴԴһͬжһ㣬Ĳӡ
ʱͯѾųϺ꣬СӰСڹٴǳԱߵľ⵹ȥ
Ϻޱȵת˸ǴƵβһɨ
ֻһ죬ʣµٻŵӱɨ˳ȥлһѪ
ٴα任ٻŵһ˲ֻԴԪ᲻
˴󺧣ûϣȻ˹
Ԫת˶֪ĹͷȻκαôҲ߰˲ΪԪһᣬڻ谭
ʱ򣬵ֱˣûޱȡ
Ϻͬ˴ҩƵأĺܣǹǰצ˾ȥ
һ죬һûüܣֱӱϺĳ
ʣµ˻ӶݣͯѾŵӳСϼһۣȫ˵ĲӴ
ۺɫɫٵӿͯӿЦĻ֦չϺһҧϣһϣͽҧ롣
һз̫죬ۻҡ
ͺͯӴٻ֮ϵһŷԡ
ηˣһһһ㶼ֱʹ˦
ȥͯһָϺ꣬ʹ˳˶Ĺǣöס
ʹϺޱȣȻҲֻ֧Ƭ̣ͱ˽ȥ
ͯСŤˣȫû뵽Ȼ˹
ʹһǰһӣһεĺɫ⣬ͳվϵɨȥ
СġһӣϽͷųһģķǰ
ҿܵ١ЦһϷȥӶÿһλӶ䣬һɫɳӷϡ


138 ս
ӷâȻֻ֧Ƭ̣Ϳʼɢ
һظܵһ̺һ˵սľ
λɽͬһһƴش߶һԪУһߴʵ
ҲֻɽˣͷųôֲĽ
ͻû˵ͯѾԱҧгݵغǲɽġ
С̬⻰е˼ûûϣһдĦʱŬϵԼϺꡣ
޹걻УҲ֪Ǿ޹ʵ̫ǿʵ̫ûӳȫͯž޹СîˣɫҲڰжá
ͻ˽ֵľ棬Ȼһʱ޷ơ߻һǶ֪һӷ˵ʵһ˲¡
ҰٻźɽԹ޳λѲҪ̫һݺݵ˵
ͯӿЦСһƬԲãаħ˵ö֮
Ͳûһˮ⻰ͯӿ˵ôܸоܲԾ
棬ߣһôûԲУ֪ôӲƴȥԲ˵Ķ֣ߵŮкһ
߲ˣСѾͷʵǿͷ϶ǺˮڰУҪߵĻ͵ڰ͸ˡ
ֿͯЦ޵ѷߣش
ֻٲ߾ˡӷѾâҪıԵһŶԷٷιԼ͵ñϡ
ݺݵض˶ţַܷܷһٴתתһȻӿնǸղűȥϺꡣ
Сһӣͻصϡ
ܣͯЦһͻȻתԪһؿһ£һԪû͵ĽѾɨӡ
һ죬âȻŷһɹâͬعⷵյˣâɢ֮ӱһƲӿƮƮɢɢ
˵ķѾὣ׷ȥ
ҡҡ׹һӣͷ˦£ĵطһۣСԼΪ֮
ѾʶȻ
ֵʱͲŷ֣ƷǰƷ۵ǸŮѹԼĶ֣һԼԪתȻû·ɽѹסһ㣬ٲά衣
ۿѾٵԼͷʹһ˼ɵͷųȫʵһᡣ
һף˶ѹĳ׹ȥ
ˡͯӲС鲽ҴҵشܵߣֻСץ޵ѣܵ£סһߡ
һ˲䣬˶ںش
û˻־һᣬ̧ͷȥѾһ⣬Զˡ
ųֻΪУӽϿƲߺܳɹ
̣ëû̵һֱšͯ׳޵Ѿ׼׷ȥһסˣɶ
׷ȥͯһԾԾԵı顣
ȻأǸܿסͰһۡ
ͯŲʵض˶š
ɱİٻŵӣǴܵʱԪӶˣʱҲᣬֻлҷ
ҲʲôûСͯͻȻ˵룬ǸٻǽˣжԲôɡ
Ťͷһڵϵ
ߵߣٻŵĵϼɼǵ˺ۣðѪ
ͯӶһָ˴
Ƥӣͯһۣʲô
ûûǸʲô齻
ҾãǿȾңӦˡɫЩ԰ףûôһж˽Ƶġ
ȰѶǡͯһƵؿһ˿ϣѪವһ˳Զ
ۣգƤͯ˵
žֿͯһ
ĺۣҲƭ㡣ıܵȻ
˵ˣȰǸʲôǡͯסıӡ
ǵĻǲһɱҡЩģ壬ǾԻҶﲻܣٻŵٰͻʱһ
Сӡ̧ͯͷһۣ۽ǹЦе˼ϲ
ߡϣգͯ׳Լ޵ѡ
Ҵȥһطſڴϣָ˸򿪿ڵٻŵ˿϶Ҳ
Ǳʲô򣿡ͯںʵ
һǰĶзֵġ
ʲô


139 
ɽĿģΪѰҲ̵ĶȻͺͯӣȻȥĵطһǰĶϢν𺳡
һĳ˹ȵףͯҲǣһ·ϳر˳Ĭ
Ǹطľǲ̵Ķξǿֶˡֹ϶ɶû
顣ͻȻʲôʵ
ʲôһָŷһŤͷ͡
ǸǲǸҵģ
ǣǼ·ɫЩȻˣԼŮˡ
㷢ǶʱʲôûôͯҲȤ
мĽƣʱ̫ãƽˡ
ǸطŮ˶֪ôͯרʹ
һ̧ۣͷ˿͵Ůûͯӷֿ˵ҵŮûǸӣôܰʲô֪ܶһӸңħǲġ
ѹֱԼŮ˱ܱ֮ѵõһݵȻԭԤϡ
˷˲Сգָ·һƬƽֵȥ
µ֮ӻʯݸͯӣһƨڵϵȻᰴ˵ķλںá
ϸؿ˿ƬСֺƽͨҲһʲôߡ
ܲó󷨵ˣ㲻ǲ̣ҲǸţĸ֡
ͯӵûѣָʾʯηŵָλáһʯµʱǰСͻȻͬƽĺ汻һʯӣ
˲֧վȳСȥ
ӰʧˡͺͯӶһۣЩ岻ǰ˹ɣֻһûɱ
ϣڻ͸ͯ˵˳Ž˽ȥ
㣡ͯµ
ȷûκΣ֮Ͳһͷ˽ȥ
ȥ֮ǰľһ˲䷢˷츲صı仯澹Ȼһͱڣ͵ĶȴһɽͷȥֻܿԭȵһƬС֡
󣬱ԼǸ߼ˣ;ٲó󷨣Ҳܿһ㡣
Ǻ󣬿ϧÿο󷨵ʱҪķƷʯάʱֻƬ̡һʯͷ˵
Ǹͯӿɽʵ

߽ɽУȻܲκγʪϢĺܡͺͯ˸һ·ȥ˰죬ŻȻʡ
Ӧǵ¼ﴦˣѵõǣƬڲȻޱȣλǰ˿ٳܶСӶ
ͺͯжһۣɢĴ
Ұɣǻʧģȥָһ¡æµӰٺЦһ˸Ӷ˽ȥϥ
ʵҲ˵ʲôûУ˴죬˵ûһ˿ﵽǲǲ̿ٳĶǲö֪
գ㺦ˡЩյһսǴͯӾߣСƽţСֽ棬ԼС£һŮģ
ʲôͯͻȻʵ
ǸŮˣֻܿҪһ˲˻ɱǸŮˣǾûвˡһǼƷЩ˼ɣȻĻ죬˵ˣθٻſ϶гͻԼʦŵ˽⣬ҪࡣңҺܺǸǸʲôõģǵĻɽʥ޵ʲô⡣
ĵͦࡣ
Ķ࣬ĻŻһЩ֪𣡡

ָһһҹŻתӿӶ֮ͺͯǰڵʲôʵľʰɣҪжĻһҪһǾģħûҲǸˣǶҴɷģʵħҲвٺ˵ġ
ͺͯӶһۣɻжʲô
ǲɽôѵҪٻţ˰βʵ
ͯʧЦ˭˵ɽˣ
ʱˣɽʲôǰٻŵĵ̡
Ѱ
Ӷбˣиͱȿȣ˼СѾͷ˼ǣûбٻһͿҲٴƵطˣûŮˮ粻ˡ
һʦŶҪˣûʸ˵ͯбüŪۡ
˾һߣҾһ̣ǶҲʣҸ壿߰
ͯӶʱˣҾϲָԡ˵ʵҲħˡ


140 ɽ
һ⻰ʱоޱȡ
ͯһƣǾСȻɽʲô¶пܷͯ࣬øС
ʵҲǸˡͯӴԲѵ˵ħôˣħ˾ͲˣҲǱЩ壡
ͷͷͻȻǰСҲǸˣͯӰʹǸŮ֮
һһӣһɧòֺ
Աֱۡ
ϲ㣡ͯ§Уһ
Աߺݺͯһţתͷأ
ЦݣϹһ˿˼ɫʵ鲻ϣҰصһȫĵطˡ
˵һë̲ˡƵĿѪˡ
˵һһ˵ǶȻӦѶǣȻسŵ
㻹ͦͯʧЦ
ԭ⡣ǲ֪Ǹʲôõô
ʡ͵˵ͷٻŵЩ˺ӦǺҪġ
Ҳһǿķͯ˵
ˡȻǷûйǣ԰ٻȴ쳣Ҫ
Ǹһ˵ʲôɽޣɽʲôϵǵĶԻԼе²⡣
ĴָλѲµĲɽĪĹϵ
ʲôޣͯӵӵԲˡ
֮룡һһٵ˵
ɽл룿ͲޱȣתͷͯһۣʱĵˣĿˮ
ͯһˮ˻ȥȲʵļٵģƭҡ
ƭʲôһ࣬˵Ҳ֣ٻŵ伮мأһٶǰͷͻȻںɽҲ֪ðġʵ൱ǿٻ㾡оɲĶ֣˵ͷԪӤʿʵ
Ļ룬ǣͯӿ϶˵
ôΪǵĻɽˣʵ
һλǰںͻ򶷵ʱڵϷһöӣӼԪ֮󣬱ĻͻȻ˳Ҳû˵κ˷ſڵϺ˯
ӾǶ飿
ǵģٻŵǰƺñĻ˳ҲڰʱûڶĳߡٻĪ˻룬Ȼ˲ʧǿƥԪӤʿĴڣл뻤ɽţٻ¶ܸˡ
ôһϢûУͲɻˡ
û˻´ȥЦЦϾܿƻʱ̫ˡʱһͻٴԱ¶˭Ҳϡٻֻصǿɱ֡
ԭ͵˵ͷ
Ϊûʲôˡº󣬻ͻȻֱٻŵӾۼɱ˲ˣǵų棬öȶסٻŵ˷һɣÿ£ͻһΣʹöƽ롣
˵Ц
ҲµûӦ㷢ԼŮ˺һļ飬֮͵˶飬ŵ׷ɱĶԲԣʵ
˵ôֱӰɣˣ˵Ҳˡҷǵļ֮󣬾ȥ˳ǣΪ˭뵽һǸϵĵѵһ٣˵ʲôħӣʵΪүұһΪҪߺüΣߺߣǼϲΪҺ۸ʵҾڵȻᣬǶչ֮ɱ˿ضˣ͵˳
뷨ֻҪ£ͻΪ㱨ǰɣͼʵ
£ٹ죬ҪˡЦǰضлصȫЦϤϤ
ˣǸǴŪģͶȽģƷʵ̫ˡ
ҲǺɽ̾˿еįдҸ桭Ǹȥɽ档
ʲôͯԱߺٺЦš
һۣ˵ԶԶؾͿ׷һܣɽŰĲӣҸǸӾûȥ˺ð֮󣬻׷ǸֿҧģǶȻһ¶ûС˯ˣǸһߡðΣգǸ˹Ǿǿ
͵ĶʱҰͯҲǣžĵضУ˵
ɻؿǣΪﻹбǣûˣҺȥܶΣƨûһﻹл롭
¡ǲǣͯͻȻʵ


141 㵽
ʮа˾ţ͵˵ͷ
ٻŵĺɽ벻עⶼѡĪֻ룬ƷҲǳֵġпܾ͸̵Ķйϵ
Բ̵ʵһֻػԼĶ¡ĳ֣Ҳ¾йϵ
˵ʲôɻؿˡ
ٺ٣㲻ͯЦ¡
ʵܸ㶨ͷԪӤʵĳ룬һֱںɽǾǸ鷳
ѡͯӳʵشжΪʱڣҵǿԡ
ɹǾ;Էˣһͷ밡ɽ绹ߣ
ǲǡڴɣͷˣֵʵ
ͺͯЦеؿ
ӣǾǷӣ촽
ģСģʲôͯĭҷɡڶ˵һͷҪȲ̵ĶĶࡣ
ȻֻţҲͺͯĺܡܵʱصһʯͷ档öӱûޱȣҲõı˷ֻ֡ҪûɽҰ޵߾Ͳ̫ġ
ҲǱƲѣʦŷֵ̫졣ҲҲʲôõطء
߳εĶСط˰죬Ž˻漴ͣطضв
˵ǣһ·ûκΰٻŵˡ
һöӨ͸Բӣи뵰С覴ãʶ̽һ亹ʶȻöסˣû
аţ̫аˡͽӸͯӣС̬Ҳʲôߡ
ֻҪڻ븽ڹԪͻ˳ʱӳߡһԽܵ¡
ɶ£ͯŤͷʵ
ٺЦţ֮ܲܵʹҪۿŰٻ
Ѿ涾ͯ̾ģ㲻˵Ҳôٺ٣ûһȥˡ
ҪǰٻŸ߲㣬Ӧתµӡһȵ֮ܶܲˡͳ˼
е˵ͷǼλϺŻʵĵӦòߵġɽŶ˵ʵǸѵѡӦûһ̡
۰ٻôͶȵ֮жˡʱ򣬻ȻԼһ֮һһ񱩣ƱҪȥŰٻŵɽڣҾͿԳûɽһҵ̶Ļͻӡ
ȻҪǵȣȻǡ
ʱ䣬ҲõˡԼɽϣȴûȷĵص㣬;бҪȥѰһ¡
׼һȥģͯӺڶУȴС̬ɣҪһȥ
ѣֻһ߳ڲᵽϴ˵ĻǺãǿ̫ʯƷʯһţֻƬʱ䣬漴ۿɼٶʧˡ
ȫǮյޱȡ
˶ΪΪ֦ҷɵ̫ߡϸ뻨˵ϰߣʹɽΧһ·ȥ
ŷɲƬʱ䣬;ͻȻֶʮȻڴ򶷣æȥ
ϵط֮ͶʱˡȻǻǣҲڣôһݵģһģķȴתˣһжԷ˴Ľڽڰˡ
һ߻һһװĻŮӣֳһ˵Ӣˬ·˵㣬۸첲ȶ¶棬һͷƮƮƽ̹СӼۣԸ޳ĴҲ
ŮͲϵãǰѷɽȴʵڶأ࣬⽣ʮ磬ָһֻţһֻŷ⼤
ͯһ۾ͿǱ
Ů˲վڷɽϣ··ǸŮˡ
ȵģ۸ŮôǣֳĻŮͻȻһͷӷɽԵ
Ů˾ͯӺǺЦ漴üͷһĿתƵϣÿ¹İɣ
Ҳֻ¹ˣˡҲЦˣ»㽫һʴû֦չ˷룬Ķ˻Ϊ衣
Ϸô㷢վͣߺһ
ˡӦһ¸ȥ˻ûһѾɨ˹ȥ
µҲǰٻŵˣͷ˵ˣһǵ˵ԮĻҶ׷׳׼Ӷݡ
ͯӵĵʱشˣһȻӿնϺޱƥеƣҵĵһûͣӣִβѾɨ˳ȥ


142 ˵ţX
սİٻŵˣΪҪȻǸһأǻȴߣ˿·磬ϸѪҺɺԵʬ壬ǼٻŵҲв˿ڣսѾʱˡ
ٻŵҲ쳣˶ڣȴԼ߲˲٣޷ӮȻ
һһ׼ܵİٻŵӣһ˿ڣٻŵӲҽһǰȥ
ԭת˸ƯԲȦʴǰһһգסٻŵӵĲӣֻһ죬ٻŵӵԴˡ
ͯҲյĺܣС̬սȻ򲻵ѵʱ³ȥսֻ޵վڿдĲֺ任䣬ϢӰ֮ײŵ˵
ϺȻ˵ĳʵ̫ˡսİٻŵӣڸǿֻ
Цų˹һȻû˴һΪȴ˿⼸һֱǸŮм֮ףȻûϺõ˫޹ƾķ֮壬ҲʵʦֵǸ߳һء
Ŷ԰ٻŵķߺ޺ŭ˿û顣һ״ķ趯ţķ
ȻһսȴޱȾ׼һаٻŵ˱ͯʹԼݷ˹ȥһҽУԷƱػᱻ⽴
߲ŽһˣͯѾ
վ̧ͷС̬ĴָͯӽСַߣһǡ񣬸ͻɽ
սĳȻ٣ȴпȴٻŵǰĲҽУ𱬵ĵطǸֳֳĶװŮˡ
Ů˵һͿһϻͣ
ϸһĹŮѾǿ˶ֵĵͦǵıˣһ˵ǶүֱǵԳԱһȺӢͣ˵ķΡ
͵۾бˣЦЦ
ûô˵Ůˡ
װŮӵĶٻŵӣǵͨ죬֪ǱûôŶװŮӣСٻŵӸĶˡ
ܣǶװŮǱȴŹ֣ͻȻͻһ״⣬壬װŮӻƴͷŵҲǣҲǣʱо۾ڡ
ʱ䣬ͳֵĶѾȫ˽ˣѪضǡһƱЦΧ˹װŮӺٻŵΧм䡣
ϺԼʴצӣÿ߶һ涼һ£ٻŵ
͸ǰһѣȴһסˣɻŤͷ˻һֻۣҡҡͷ
֣ǣװŮȻ͵ͼڽһ
ʦ֣һٻŵѾЩˣֻһЩųų棬תÿæںȡ
һҺͰٻѾҲǵʦ֣ǸҵʦܡսϱҲɱǣǾոɡ
仰ʱҡ
ֱڣͲлϸװŮӵ
£覴ãѵõŮһСɵӣľޱȣһСұĸоСɵıӣӣ촽ѵһ˫ϵĵۡСסǰ˶ؿ£¶һƬѩ׵ĻԲһĹ֡
Ů˵ǻ˲Ĵǻĳ嶯ǡĹޱȣܼ꣬˵ĻǴײƻϵľ¡
ٻŵ档Ҳ벻ףԼ˵ΪҪȶԷôһ㣬ΪʲôᱻһҵǣԷǸ³Ůˣ
裬Եĳ裡
һҽУһٻŵУ˵ڵϡûϺѾ˾޴צӣһġ
Ϻ꽫צÿ֮󣬵ֻһӣһ̲Ѫɫʡ
һ֮󣬶װŮӵĹԽصӦԭǱ׳ɵ壬ʱʱ̣ʱԲʱ飬˷ʤ
װŮŭͷųһһһٻŵӣһתɵѾסһٻŵӵĲӣͬһ㣬ɵػ
է֣ٴα仯׳װŮᵽϣϵĻҳһķ߿Сǣ˷ѹôʱ䡣
䣬еİٻŵֱͦͦص˵ϣһ˵ԴصһѪӾӿ


143 
Ƭ֮󣬰ٻŵʬϻðһŰ׹⣬һԵȴʱϺһţһ޿ɿܵЩ׹ȫС
ͻͷһοϺʳ˵Ļǣб֮ǰľٶΪ͵Ҳû̫Ӧͯһ˷ܣǰȥСŹͷʹ˼ڣϷĪЦ
ȣ̵ġװŮӽ׳ļϣסԼС£ʹš
ֱضǰš
ÿװŮӵһУ˸۸סԼʵ
ûأش

㣬֣ʲôʱ򵽵ģתͷŻ򸾡
ԼĹȣһƣϵģ⼸飬ǶŪǵȶˡ
Сǲʲô鷳ˣ㽫ʴŷ䣬յǼٻŵӵʬ塣
鷳㲻ϣ˵е棬˵زǾ֮أ
Ż˺ǶװŮһ·ɵǸĶ˽ȥ
װŮЩģӡҪǱʵֻ̫ۣһʱ벻˭Ȼǻˣ϶ŵĹҲûҪطܡ
ڷиãһ֮Ͳŵ֪װŮӵ֣ӡ
˵һ衣ӦñһŮ˵¡ҲǵŮˡ
ǧǰ֪ͶҲеӡ
֪ǰϲСŮǰ˴˧֮һͯӣһƽ֮ʱ򣬻ͳֲޱȡ
յģ㻹Ϸ̡һѽͯ§ԼؿڴʹСԴЦ̬ⱲӱŮˡ
֣֣ͯ˫ҵţŬţˡ
ͳҲЦ뵱ɽİ˴˧֮һھȻӣ⸱ʵе㡭°
òװѵľͯӸϽ㵽ͱ̽СԴݺݵصҾӦҵ޴ˡ
ﰡ·ظͦϸߡ
һƬˮܶ¡
ͣɽʲôˣǽʱüٻŵˣҿֵ磬ҪȻ϶סֿʵ
Ťͷ˿һԳĬСӸղŸһɱ˼ٻŵˣʹħʹʦŲ壬Ҳ̫ܡ
⼸渵Ů˱ñ֮վһţб۷̵Ϊһֻ֮ͣô
ô죿޿κε
Ҫ㣬ǸŮˣŪǸˣȻѰٻŵĳһͳͳͷҲŹЦ
Ҳհͯ̽ԴСʵ
ټ͆£һˡ
ͯӣ
أӣϡͽС«﷭˳׸㣬˵֮󣬻ͻٴο񱩡ʱ򣬹ٻŵ˶ó룬Ҳ˵ɽֻʣǼ
㿴ϵò˵ͷ׸
ӹһĴ飬ӡһƻԪҲΪʲôܹԼԭ򡣡
ֱգ۾ⲻǶô
̵ĶֻǱһֶѡöǷ顣Ӧÿ̽ʶֲκζһΣա
͵ͷ
󷨡
ʲôһƱ˶ɴӡһö󷨣޷ġ
̵ĽžӨӣҲ󷨣סһԪ񡣱һҪѰһ²̶ʵڣڼȻֳˣȫԿ϶Ķڻ뵱ֵλϡΪضõġ
ô֪ôͲɻˡ
һЦˣҵǣĸҸ㱣֤һǲ̵Ķڵǲ̵ĺˡ
˵䣬ؿڴͳһƣǧǰ뿪һ֮ǰԼʲôʧһ˿ѪơǺ˲ûи޷ֻܽöһҴʱԾͶˡ
ͱͷһμ˰Ѷ˵ôɡ
ȫڶɱһȡ֮
ǲ̻ˣʱҡҷʲô֢ѾӣʲôϵҶѵõˡ


144 ƻ
˲̺˵õļ䣬ǿƣǲĶ˶ʵڣͬʱҲһѿ󷨵Կףֻв̵Ѫܼ
˵û̵ĶԶᱻҵ
⡣ͯӴ˵
šб
ȻôҪҲһΪʲôٻŵĸ߲㲻ЯҪһطµӿأ
һԱ߳Ĭ˵Խ͡
еҪһ׳Ůίʵ̫ǿһ㣬һæҲ֪ԭλӽ͹ҲŪסٻŵźͳǲûԹöӣһأԪˡһλ϶飬ԺҶûˡټħˣ˴˲¼˼أ˭Ҳ˭Աܶꡭ飬ԲŻὫڰȫĵطµӿءҡǿطһԱ
ԵȽϼ򵥡͵˵ͷ
˵˵̶涼Щʲôֿʵ
öˡһЦ鵤ʯӦоС˵ãҪ󷨵ͲһҪѡһʣµĴƽ֡˭ҪҶү
⻰Ƕͺͯ˵ģǲ졣
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ЩҿɲȤͯӺٺЦȻ֪Ҫʲô
֮룬ͯշǿɱȵõκζá˼ҾǸġ
ĸƤ󻰻˵ǰõ㡣ƲƲ죬ȻᵹڻϵЦ㣬ⱲӳˣƽⰡ
Ѿͷָһ¡
ˡŤͷһȦȻ߶ϣΪôͣʱҪΣվ͹ҽңһᱣġ
ֱϥǿͺٺֱЦ
ǾͶлˡе鴤
˵ģȥʵߵľȻСӣʵ߲ҡͯӣħЩ̫һǵѹӦĻͯҲʵӦҲࡣǻ򸾣ôʱûҲԾΪˣϼ˫޹Ȼ
ĪֻͣһΪ
æȳˡ̸Ц䣬ͻȻվתȥ
ȥģͯһ£ʵ
뿪ĺΪҡ
㲻˰ô죿
֮󣬻ȻұġҲòҡһ˵һ߿ٳȥ
ûֵˣؼ
ĽŲһ£漴ָӿٵ˳ȥ
ͯӻ뿪˵סȥĵزʹʦŶ壬Ů˶飬Ҳ뿴Լʦűһ̡
Ҫܳȥô죿е㲻ģȥԶ˵
񾭣㱻ԼʦֵɱڻȥôͯӰһۡ
Ҳãٸ˷ֶҰҰ˵
㣬һֵһֶİɣ͵ɫ
ӰһۣЦȻǡֶҲó˵ɡ
ӰӵؿڴƣͨͲ治˲̶λãͬʱҲһԿסҪĸʹԪʵʱ䣬ʵĵص㣬һλ׼ȷƻΪָλáʱ򣬾ҪЭƲ̵õ󷨣Ƴ֮󣬲ܽĶ
ҶĺϸͿʵصѾ֪ˣڰٻŵĺɽʱأ
̫ɽǰһӵʱ䡣ֻʱΣƲָ׼ȷλã̫һɽǾǰˡ
ʱ仹̡ͦ°͡
ǿظԣһ첻о죬첻о졣
ǰٻŵĵôң뻹п֣ܳˣػ̶ģĴ󷨣ҹƻڵһʱϻ
ͽˡͯСظ
ô˵ڶõ֮ˡһæָǹ׶۵
˸ո꣬ͻȻһһŲ춯ո뿪õֻͷ˻
զֻˣͯӲʧЦ
ɽٻŵ˷ˣҳȥ첲е˿ڣסˣǰˣȻͽɱ֣һ̫ʴˡλҾһжʲôҪֻҪɱǸһǸ˵


145 Ī
û¶ȥɣĵʵ
ģҵĶѾˡ
ģ˾ӦĥĥʲôˣĴָ
һ̫õϢǡƲĹڰٻŵӻתƵ̫ܲԣûҪ뿪ɽĴ㣬ģ
ǰٻжˣߵʲôΪʵ
ٻ˲࣬Ͻµĵӣһٶˣм״Ѿ塣µ٣ڽڵģҲĸˡнΪϺнΪǸһϵн߲ΪΪĺǧҪСġ
ɽ绹ûˣڵʿȻ͸ҿˡһЦ
ǱģЩ֮ΪʿʵȻߣÿ˵һ䣬ɱҲСѵ
ֻǡѵ»ôôû룿ͯҲɻˡ
ôӷҵʲôƻķһѪ󷨲ǲɿֻ̽ڵʵ̫͡оһŵĸʿһʩĻпѹסһʱ䡣ֻҪ˿񱩵ʱ䣬ٻһȫĺܡ
жΣأе㵣ġ
£һȺСӣֻҪĸڵʿûˡҹƵʱǻȥʩԸ룬ǵĶ־ֻһȺٻŵѡٺټЦţŤͷæû˵㡣
ģѾǰٻŵˣû¡
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֮󣬴ҶԼͬ۾ÿ˵鶼ޱȼͽţͯӣŶ
ڰУֻһ˫˫۾ð˵ľ⡣
𡫡·Ǵӵصŭ𣬵涼һ˿˿ζŭСžޱȵĻУҶ
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ϣޱȣһС֣ȳȥ˽
óʯ󷨣ֱ̤ԼķնȥʱѾ˲ʲôټˣڸٻŵܣǱϮɽĴûᡣ
Ҷôġʵȴô¡
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⻩һɢһ˲䣬߰˵ǰĵ·ϡ
δͣͷٰٻŵˣɨһۣʱɬѡ
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ٻžڣôɱ⣡ͷһˣʵѾˣһŷһ߸
Ǵϵ״ӣĪϳݣ˵
Ҳħ˻ԳƴҪҪһˣվԼϣ־ǿ˹ȥ
־ͽĪӭˣϿżŷ䣬ˢ˦˳ȥ
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Ĵƨֿķǵˡɵ³ѣҲˣüĪɫˡ
ˣǱ߾ʱ򣬳ֻӶŹȣԻкһæ˹ͳһ𣬲ʴס˳ֵĽףŻ˦־ͬһɢȥŵǣֵϻԼĹȣžͣţӳǷ򸾵
һ˲ס˵߰˸ˣǱҲһжڸĪ
ʣµİٻŵӲԼͬؽĿ׼ͯӺˣͯգ۾Űٻŵˡ
ЩٻŵŮӵŮˣһ¾ĸˣȥͯӣǼ˹Цų˹ȥϴȵͳͳɱ⣬Ů˫¯
ϼ˫Ǻ£˫¯Ͳ˵ˡǳΪһʿ¯¯ᱻɾԪõĹԪΪѡ
ͯôСôɰŮ˵ĸԣ˵ԡ


146 ·
ٻŵԵһЦݣȿֺؾͳͯӳ˹ȥ˵ˣһʱ䣬ָķڿнɫʡ
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׻֮ˣȻ֪ܹͯУ϶ҲеСٻŵӻǴһ֮ĵġ
ǽһͯǧֵǰѹֵһᡣ
ٻŵӺɵرץסͯӣһֿ֮һԣͿڵһʱӦɱشͯӡ
磬ҪͯӼؽǸҪȫһֲջȥģץǸһůġ
պ꣬ͯӾʹһεٻŵӵšͬʱСؿڴһš
ѽٻŵؽһ漴˲˼ע£תȥ
أҺ¡ͯӵԶ۽ǼξӨˮ
İٻŵȫסˣȫ֪׷ʲô¡ûͯӶֽţֻɰСŮ޵Լͬһţ漴Ǹͬž͵ȥ
ڸСϷôһţҲûκεĺۼ˴ҽĿͶ·ֻһССĺڵڵϣ±㲻ٶˡ
СģСеŹ֡һٻŵ˵
һ˲䣬ڶĻٻŵӿˣΧߵתţûлʵõˣֻæļԼϡ
һɱǵģҲƭǡͯһţһԾֵ˵
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ͯһ˫۾͵͵һ϶¿ȥ
ΣϺ䵽ϣһƬطҳһ޴ĿӶþòŴһ
ʵտİٻŵŬԼķз֮⣬ȫϺѹ¡
ҶǱˡͯ޵ѣСһУϺٴλֻصɻϡС̬һĲ⣺ڹΪɶͲܷأ
ͯߵսɵģȽ϶ԣǱεġ
һƱٻŵŮӣȫΧͣߺ߹֮ڶ
ЩħŮ˸Էޱȡ·Ҫ٣һֻΧŶǶܳˡ
Ͷ䣬һƬ˷Ϳڸ
ܲ˵ЩŮʱʱһЩ൱аʾԵĶ͵ߺעĲħǶԸõ
޳ܵǣЩŮ˴ӲúõĿ֪Ҫʲô˵òĲõġŮӦǳվǰӦҪ̱ð档Ǿˣ൱зִչ¶ԼĽ̶ȵطΪŮ˵ơ
ѽø磬˼ҵ¶㻮ˡһӿŮַǰľ޴ίؿ͡
ˣӲƢûƢһջЩŮ˷ȴĸƵأͺǾ죬һëû˵ǡ
ŶͯԱ߿ͶȦˣС̬ƵؽԼǱߵĵˣܵ߿ϷһԸٻŵŮź󣺡ˣϿ카Ȼظϵ
СӣǱȥæ߳һ
ٺ٣ҪҪҰ㣿ͯӲЩŵŮˡ

С̬ƲƲ죬תܵǱȥˡ
ͽһᣬĨ˰׻ˣ·


147 ׷
һٻŮӿЦţҲЦǰ
һֻһʿŰΧסȻܷųĴ󻰣ʵе㻬
ЦţҲûٴ𻰣⿪ڽķӡһ˳˹ȥ
ٻŵסЦݣղӶŷмܡ
ꡭ΢죬ͬһʱ䴫˳ٻŵŮЦɹϣȴſڵһĨѪ
񱩵ȶȣͿֲѹֱڲűŷ
ͶŮ˾ֵصɴӣĿⶨԼķϣѾһȱڡ
ꡭ̶ܵĦ»Ŵ˹
ÿ»һ֣ǼѷԽһ֡
ѪϴŮ˵ӳѾûеȥЦֻһΪʿˣֻʣ۵Ĳ˼顣
ͺݺһӣһɱԵĳŮϣŮ˾ͬŵڵһ㣬ؿڰһ飬ˢؾͳ洦׹ȥ
Ϣʱ֮󣬵洫һ죬ǸŮһڵϣѪۣͷˡ
һžղųЦ͵Ůǻû£죬ɵԭء
ɱŮȷʵǱ¡ͻӶһ´ûǷ۵ʴȣ
ƱٻŵӾڷ㶵ĵڣͷһ֮ʩչ˳ȥغŨŤһסһŮ˵Ľס
ȻôʱͶԵȱɱһʼҪúܶˡ
ݺһקŵŮ˼һͱ͸˹ڵĴԽԽŮ˻ļԼϣһЩãͬʱӶϵķǷ͹˹ȥ
Ӧٶ൱һҲò̾Ůˡ
񵲿Էķ׼ؿڣԵĻ𾢹봿У˶Է塣
Ů˼ϣĻһ˲ͱҵոɾûκ谭أشǱ͸˳
ס˶ԷĲӣһƽ̹СϣŮ˲ҽһһѪӿȥ
⻹û꣬ͻ˸ۣһƬ׷׹ȥŮ˳˹ȥȫϣ׽˸ӳ졣
ɢռ֮һҲܹóֵĵ
ҽԽԽСԽԽ
ʣµŮһƬͷƤ飬Ҳ벻ղŻԼЩˣתˣôһת۾ͱͬѪ͹һײС
Ҫǣôǿʵ
ȫɱ⣬Ů˫¯ͯӰǱߵĵˣ˷ܵشһ
ڸĪ仰ûѪ仰ǸղһٻŵӺġ
Ȼ֪˲ô׻ܵġʦſǳ˶ʮ˵ľ񣡾Ȼڶ̶̵ʱھͱ
ŤͷһۣĪʱˡ
ԼߵĶʮֻʣһ벻ҡղһ˲䣬񻹸оһɿֲѹһԴ˹ѹĿ죬ȥĿ죬ѹʵǿĶҲȲˡһľŻһеѹ
Լ֣Ҳ˵ĹŹЩ
ʵԼͲ٣Լôȣֻƽ֡ò˵Ů˵һֵʵ̫տ˵㡣
ղŷǵʱԼѾټͬˣôҲû˹Īں޲ýǰŮ˵͸˺ãħˣҲûô񶾡
Ů˴ĸʯͷĳģ
̸ȵģŮ˴ҲʹУǲˣƴˡӵԷһУˡ
ЦؿԼǰЩֻŵŮǣʶɨһսʱͷ󶨡ĪĵԼģͯӺڳˣЭ򸾣Ӯʤֻʱϵ⡣
׼ٳֹʱȻŤͷԶһۣæڼսе˴ߣˣ١
򸾶һۣųȥµˣͯӺȥ
ЦſƱӾ£ٲÿ·ȫɱˡ
ʶ͸ղŵֶΣЩŮĻе·æ·ȥԶԶɢ
̧ͷȥѾԶԶˣ͸Ͻ嵽ߣһǻγĪȥȻקסܡ
ſңҪҪûֵˣ͵Ϯزòͷˣ˫ҵţ
޳Ĳӣһ̵ͦƨϣԮˣ㵥ëûǶˣ
ԼƨɣϽϴɵؿͣļٵģôûӦ


148 
ֹûӦʵĪûӦ
ʶԽǿܹӦķΧԽ㣬ڵʶȫһڵĸˡ
ĪգۣѾŴܵûӰˡ
ٶȺÿ죡Īһ̾
İٻŵΧ˹۾ĪĪʦ֣ô죿
Ī׷ǻɽܲ˵ġĪǸԼҵ㰲οղǶʱսĪѾһǰУȻΪߣսʵսȴҪȫ
ˣûһʡ͵ĵơ
ʰֵܽǵʬ壬Ի泤ǡĪ˵뻳óдʣڴпһЩϢִ˳ȥ
һâʧǰ
Īʦ֣ʦǴ˹ˡһٻŵͻȻ˵
ĪϽųʶʱӦһŴƱҴҵظ˹
׳գڲиƨáĪ޺޵ض˶ţͻȻɫһ䣺Ѳɡղǰ˾Ѿ֪һǸ˹ͻȻ룿
ĪԽԽľԽɫԽǷס
ڼսУֳܹʶʱ̹עʮĶ򶨣ΪĪԼҲ
˵˭ĪղſļԺһһˣȴʼ޷жϡһղŸܵת˲ŵѹѹĪʱãٻǻд鷳ˡ
С裬ʦǣǸϽһϣ˸׷ȥĪط
ǡһٻŮӦ
Īʦ֣ղ㲻˵һڰʵ
ĪһۣҲû˵ֱ͵ȥķ׷˹ȥ
һʱһʱղ֪һǻٸ˵ʲôҲǰôɵߵ
Ī뿪ֵʱ䣬һ͸˹ͬĻʮ֮Ϊİٻŵӡ
ĪʦأһСʵ
׷ǱȥˡĪʦҸ㣬ǰȥϡС
Ƕʮ˶ûסǣһɴӣɨһ·ǽ壬ʱƵˣôˣĪͷǸʲôԵģ
̫ˡСһ赭дؾ͸ɱλʦ㣬е㷢
ǳԴֻ첲ôһƿǾһȺ
Ա߳˳һӣ˵ˣ׷ȥҪ
ߡһһӣһʮ
ڳٻźɽȥһҲî
˵Ҳ֣ԽٻţԽûʲô˴ڵĺۼ
ǶɢȥѰˣʣµˣӦڶԸ롣жϵ˫ֻ˿ܻ§ס͵ǰżѹ͵ıϡ
ôƨҩƵأüͷһ塣
˵ôһɡ
ǣǰ׷˹͸Ͻ塣
治Ц
ô죿㿪ѯʵ
΢΢һץסӣľнʹķдϣߣȥºɽͻǧҪݾߣͯӣ赲ǡ
áС̬һܲ޵Ѵܵϡ
Сĵ㡣֪ڲīʱ򣬶һ䣬ָ£ٳٻźɽ˹ȥ
ס˽⣬ͣڿУͯЦֻʣˣɱپɱ١
áС̬ٺټЦš
ͯҲԭģȻÿʿٶһЩεĵͯӵȴ˫ԼϢӦûȱĸáͱ˵ٶҪȱ˿Ϻܶ࣬ʱʵڲпܡǻ޷ġ
һ˵꣬ͯӾ׼ȥɱǹһѸקסˡ
ǾˣӲƴǻЦ˵
ôŪͯӺɵؿ͡
Ӱʹ˴ͯӵСԴӡ
ĪȷʵƵģһ·׷˵ëǵٶʵҲ̫һЩɣ
ʦʦǣʵݬ룬Ȼ˵ˣʶǿĻҲûɱͬʱֲʶƱķҲȱЧĽֶΡ
׷˺ôһ֮ĪȫȷţԼ׷ˡ
һһʱἥԼĪͶΪһʲôǣиõԲڰٻҪ÷磬Ҫ꣡
εҲһǳģĪ벻ˣǸӵʲôõġڶ鱻͵µѱ䣬ٻŶΣء
ȻĪĵǣȫûŪףǰ˽ɽʲôġ


149 ľ
ٻţȷʵǸɰĪĻطŻٶȣͻȻһ޵ѹµϣͬеһâҫۡ
ѹ·ִ΢ĪܸӦĳѹǸղǰһӵеġ
Īĵض˴˸ƣһƱ⣬ȥ
ȵɵ֮ĪȻط֣ɢѹĵطʲôһ鱻˴ľƣľƱ̳˼ͷӣͷָһ
Īʦ֣֡һ˵
С޷ע⣬ĪҲûһϽͷȥֻдǴˣ׷滹һõͼ
ߣŪ飡Īһƽͷľƴ÷顣
˭ɵȴˣľǱǰ˿ʩ˵ѹ
Īʦ֣Ӧóı׷һٻŵʵ
ǾأĪŤͷˡ
ҾӦó෴ķ׷ȥһ˴Ҫǣ϶ȷ
Ҫ㣬ҾͲô롣ĪϹЦĿŵǵע϶ҪǣǵʵҲ²⣬һȺ˿϶ѾֿˡǣǵˣȻǣǣ͵ûһĴۣǲǳģ۾ǵж·ߡ
Īʦ˼ǣ
ͷָķ򣬾ķǺţĪ˭ϷŪҲ̫ġ
Ǻ£̫žǻˡǰ˱Ͳ࣬ȻҷɢΪԼ޵ˣĪԼӦȥԵǹǣԼĵˣȻɱǹȥһϡһԼй⣬һҲˡ
һȺٴ̤⣬ӶȥǼͷָķΪ˸õطֵ˵ĺۼҲ㵽ʱʵõʦֵչһȺɵĺܵͣŵС
ʵҲȻͬĪϣ˷˲һӣַһľơ
Ǹղǿһģһһͷ־һС֣ս濴棬棬Ѿ̤Σյش
Īʱˣ˻ɵĿ԰ǰٻŵĵ̣ǾȻ˴Բѡ
׷Īһӣٴΰռͷָķ׷˹ȥ
ȵһƱٻŵߵ֮ͺͯӵӰ¶˳
ģһȺɵ񣬸ҸӶǶ£Ц֣ؿڶڼš
ٺ٣ǰ滹ľƣƿǣһʱʱˡͯҲһԼЦѡ
ʹһӣߣ滹һǸһҲڣܸӦǸе⡣
Ҳ¡ͯ͵ͷ
οîӡȫ⣬ٶѾ쭵һ޷ŵĵزͯվڴӭ˲ٷ磬ҲֻĪǵ׷£ǰŪĿľתǵߡ
С̬ʶ͵ʵĻҪܣûн𵤶ʵס
һ˴˿ҲĪ˸׷ˣһ˼û
Īʦǲǡ
áһվڰУǼһˡ
С㡣泶˳·
˵˵ôˣ˭֪ҸϣһŤͷһƱٻŵӣ˭˵ȥ
ȫ۾ű𴦣װû
ƵʱһҲ˸ղĪ飬ͻȻʶ֮о͸Ӧһѹ洫˹æһ֣ˡ
һٻŵӺȫȥû䵽棬ͱһסָǴѹĵط򣬸ҴǸط
˵ڳ˶Ӧˣһ˲䣬ָķ⣬ȫһƬطк˹ȥ磬ը֮ڶֻƬʱ䣬ͽһΪƽء
ߺߣûֹһˣ漴ֺ
Ϊڣ˵û˵Ӱӣ˵һҽжû
˿̣ʼٸҲĨһѶͷϵĺˮѹҵĵڣʩչƮ㲽ԶˡղҪһԻᱻ
Ҳûһ˸ĪȻ̫һжϵĺܡ
ͣһֵæջԼķ
һһۣȻָһٻŵӣȥ
ǡٲԸٻŵӻĵȥƬشϸ˺ôһᣬһõӷʲôûУֻҵ
ľϻ֣һɴӳ˳ȴûףΪľѾݲеĲˡ
ģ˴ˡһľƺ޺޵ضȥ˷ôԪȻɶûõ湻ƵģһƬ̵Ƕʦŵģߣɽţ


150 
һж൱λͺͯȷʵǶŰٻɽŷɹȥġ
һҪԼΣһҪʱ̹עһǵĶ˶оеࡣе黹û͵Ԥϣһֽ׷˹
ʶǿôڿ̽˵ʱ򣬱˿̽㡣Ϣ棬;ռ֡
ˣٻθһǣȻͿɱͶͯ˵С̬촽Цص˵ͷ
һͣسɽڸ˻ȥ·һɢγǰƽһ飬⵽͵ϮʱҲԴϢĺϸ©ʲô˿Ȼнٶ˵㣬ǵ̺ʽȴõİ취
ϸû׷ѹǰ˲ʮ֮ٻŵӴ˺Ϣַһѹĵط
һһӣһ˿£Ĵ£ϢǱΧ˹ȥ
ѹղŵǸһģһһ뷢Դһתֽȥ
תͷ˿ңһٻŵӶģһһЦֱӳǱ˹ȥ
Сġ治
һûͣ½Ųֱߵѹĵطͣ²
ûκβԾĵط˿ϵķջأۼ˹
һǰһľƣһֽľ𣬴յǰ˿ֻһС֣ո˵
ģӹȻǸ˲ţһЦľ˦˳ȥղžһεˣΪӻϵڶεô
ʦӢ䣬Թˣ
˿϶ʦֵʵҸӲƴԲŪЩԻǵߣҺʦֻ棬һ۾Ϳˡһٻŵƨ濴Щʷˡ
һʱԼ͸ߴҲĥλʦ˵Ŀ¾ġ
ô˵ǰٻŵĵ̣ղһս˾ʵٺᣬѵܷ죿ŪЩľƺѹһ׼ʲõġ
ȲЩɽҪһŸϽȥĪĹʧλϣó
һѾⲻȥԷļˣʵȴԸ
ǰٷһξ룬ַͬ
ǹѹСľƣľƴһô¡
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˶кģľ϶С֣һ뿴ο̵ʲô
һ׼ŲľȥԱ߾ʹܳĸˣȿֺصʦȥľȡĿ
һص˵ͷָ߸ϣǹһζо泩һǻ˻ֵˣȥ
һƱһľǰһԴսľơ
һ˵ˣ
һƱȫЦˣһôʿʶǲĳˡ
һЦţһسȥ
ֻһۣ˾͸ļƵصɴӣЦݽӲϣͶϲ£ˡ
ͯӲһƬҶ¶סС壬ϹЦݣҺá
䣬ͯӾʹӿһɷۺɫֻСžͬһ㣬СֵĻӶͯеȫ˳ȥûһʧȫ˰ٻŵӵϡ
һõĲˣͯ룬ȫһٻŵӸסˡ
֮£һϽͳȥ
ͯһԼû˵һһ־ק޵ѣָһһɫֻصٴϼеһݴ񣡡
Ϻ𺳵ǳʱóɧҵ˼㡣
İٻŵһ첱Ӵ֣ȫɫһԪ鶾ͿٵӶĳ衣
ֱڣһֱվŷӦе㲻Ծ
˵ǸŮӣһ⣬Ͻ˴СдʣӶ䣬ٱ󣬳ͯ˹ȥ
ͯһ󷢲ĵ˲æ𣺡յͣٲҾˣ
иëʹбɱ˳ڵĴóޱȣ¹شͳ־ȫûʵ
Ŀֱָ档
ͬʱͻӶһ
ȷʵǸĸȻûɱһͻңһң޷ӳʵʵ
ھۿžҪͯӸֽȥˣͻȻ䣬˫ֵĶ·һӸסһ㡣


151 Ż
ͯӵϽˣȻͣԼҲڵ
ĵһʱ䣬ѾϺ˻޹ŵŵŴܵͯӲĴ£һצͽķ˳ȥ
ͯӰߺһҲԶܿϮ
û취İ취ڹ˵ʱ򣬻һǿѹΪˣáʹͯʿҲ޷ȫܿ֡
۵һϺϣۿž޹ҪսȥͯӲؾîԪ޵ѣϺ
̶ʱľ͵ĴɱѾת˲
۽ǵѾĽˣȴκηӦһ
ڴʱһȴϵķɽ˹֮ңŷɽ赲ǰĵ·ϡ
ŭһһԲǻλһķɽϣһͽķɽĳԶ
һҲһѪɫʱήȴ󺰵棡
Ҳ֪ϵǳɰܵĹؼڡ
һ˲䣬һ֪˶Էļˡ
УԼģȴʵС˵İŻۣһٻŵעһ˴ԻɱĿ档
޳ܰһؿڶޱȡ
һٻŵĵȱͯһڷɫ룬Ȼȴһ롣ʣµҪȥͯӣһһĺæתͷϵķȫϮ˹ȥҲŴ˳ȥ
һ˲͸оԼɱˣĺëڲٿͯӽסˣ϶ûл֮
Լɱ棬ԼҲҪش
յġŭһƲسȥμˣҲҪƷ֮϶ҪӰж
һַɢһԵغ˹ȥĲǹķȫЩٻŵĵӡ
ٻŵܵȻûϵԷȻ׺һ˲УɢеİٻŵһҴܣ׻еİٻŵӸһز鴤š
⻹û꣬Ѿǰ״ȴͻȻջ˴ûд̹ȥ
汻һ亹ղͷԼķ׼ˡ
бɨһ棬һбӡĻ𾢣ͳͳ˴С
һƷһ˲ʹ
էԭذڳһΪŹֵƣڿм㣬˶ܸоЩе
һֲٻŵĵͷϰ£ǷɽѾ˹ȥջҲ̫ܣֻӲͷƤס
ڻӶʱ򣬵˵ĹѾѸˣۿЩɽйҪͣһѪЦɣ
ƣŻ˫ֳֽݺǰһӣ漴˲˼һĻˡ
ǰȻһʮ׼ΰɫĹĻĻȫǿȵǰ赲ʵʵڴµһ˲䣬ɫĻתˢؾͳǰ˳ȥͬƳȥһ㡣
ٻŵӷųķɽͳͳڰɫĻ֮ϣһ죬·͹ֵĺܡ
赲еĹĻûбֹƲسЩɽ˹ȥ
ûܷӦĹҶΪͼɥܼĹ֮£ͯҲǡǴΰɫĻֵһɲǣֱıˡ
бιĻʿһ̹ðһҽУѸϨеҽжû֪ʲô
һЦ˺۾бˡ
衭ʲô
е㻬һɵԭûʲôοؿԼͷųһУվߣͯӶԿ׵ˣΪͺһģ
Żƽеһз;ûϰβǵĹͷҲʹҿ϶Ƿֵܵס˵Ĺһ֮ʽЩֵܵ˵ġ
ͯ㷴Ӧ˹ιĻۿžҪǰˣŵ۴УҪһɵôеͬʱҲܲϺˣϽ޵ѷ˳ȥ
ɫĻһֱأһƬյشʧ
ûͯӰæϺһʱͱ˽ȥ
ԭֵĳ棬ֻʣĸˡЩٻŵĵҪôŻٻҪôͯӵ룬ȫڵš
ǿֲѹһƤţŤͷѵؿһۣؿڼٵš


152 ²
ҲؿһۣɧŮɫһ˲תˣܸܵеǷɱ
ƥƾķͱ
ŻѾ״ݻһĺߣһ־˶˿
ʹ޸Լ˴ñӵŮˡǷݿ񱩵Ļ𾢣˵
С˾Ȼҵڹ̫꣬ˡͯµһ˵һ߾ʹ˹
ûͻȻ̽š
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156 Ƥ
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157 ¶ټ
ƻ֮ʱǸճƤ˴ʱ䣬ȴҸϵɽʱѾȲؽؿڵȡ˳
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ô£һͷˮ
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158 æ
㣬һʱȫûƢ
̫ɽˣҲζʱѾڣ˼ֶͨҲ޷ٽ̽
˵ҲƸȥâǱߵĻٴΰðٻżһͷ亹Ҳ׵׷ʲô¡
ܸӦЩĵؽŤͷŻ˵
ְڡֻһ᲻ʲôӰ죿¶˵ǵı顣
Ӱ϶СҹƲ̫󡣡Ϳƴ߶Ԫİٻųǣǲ뱻Ǿ͸û붯ˣ˵ǻ˴æ
ǰٻ㾡оǣŻ룬һ˻취Ըģҵ̶Żʱ򣬿϶Ҫܡ
ô죿Ŵ룬˸ݸнš
Ҳֻеˡ̾˿ټ
ʱ̫ˣھλѾֻҪжͿڵһʱ򿪲̵ĶЩ˷ܵ˵
һͳ˼ţ̵Ķ϶ֻСҹп϶ʲô
һ仰ǿ˵ģҲֻԲ̵Ķ˽ࡣĴָ͸˵Ĳ̵ĶŻʱ̱仯λõġǽȷʵҶ˵طͲˡҲ˵ǵ
գֹͯһ䣬ֵ˷Ѷʱ䣿һûڰʱҵأ
Ǿֻһ취ˡͺٺЦ
ʲô취
ɱ
ͯһת֣ϣʱ֤Ǻһ
ֻĴ㡣ʲôҪעĵطʵ
̵ֻ֪ĶΣյһѾ¶ˣǻ롣ڶŻڻ᲻ϵı任λáһ󷨡Ӧǽ֮󷨾ͻеʲô󷨣ҾͲˡ
кܶ֡һٶһ㣬һǲõ󷨣Ҿеͷˡ
̵ĶȻô׵õġ
ڴܹǾܵؿȫһ㣬⵽ʱʲô޴롣
æȥˡ㺬ߴ˵һ䣬ȻųԶԶݿһ˶ٺЦ
Ǻ޹ίʵ̫ʪȡ
λ캮ضܸܲҼ·е䡣һŰӶϺ걳ɪɪ
ͯӷסһԪһھǸͨˡ
ЦһһϷ˳ȥŵһ۴У¹걳㵽󣺡ǲŰҡ
ֱƲ죺ˣ
Ѱδһ˶ۿͯĿȵضŻƣ֪ʲô⡣
ҪҪȥĵĺܡͶͯŬŬ졣
ߣС̬Ȼ¸߰Сһ壬ϺͿƶٻžۼĵط˹ȥ
ĶƺƴͯӺͻûһٻŵӾڼλϵָʾ°ں˷ļƣؿˡ
ɣšֻǹæѡ͸
ߡһҲ֪Ǵʲô⣬ñ
ġͼԳͨҲ᲻壬Ҫ
һС飬ϷҪڳϾǡʤŭ
λϳʲôˣô㣡ЦˣҪ£λ֣࣬ԱԳϵĶѡ
һ˵ţͶͯӴ˸ɫͯѾһ֮С
ٻŵɫ䣬λϴ󺰵󱲸Ҷ
ֶһƻпһЩϲӦ˵󷨾ͳƻˡͯӲкʹ⣬ʵһơ
һٻŵӲԸڵس˹
һ̣ŷˣס֣
һƱӸϽɲλϺ껰֮ҲЩͯȷʵ֮УҲ߶ԪˡǴ󲻽û⵽ƻȹһЩ
ͺͯվ걳ϣҲûκεжԵıʾ
ϴҲ֪һλģǳæûƻͼһߺţҲһ⣬˽ȥ
һ֣͸ȹˣ뾹Ȼڵϣ·Ҫ˯ģ
֪˺«ʲôҩ
ϴȷʵûʲôͻ˭֪ԼƽĹؼһƽⱻƣ˫Ļʲôͳţ
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159 Ż
ǰٻŵļ֪ͯǿ޵мң;Բˡ
ͯӿڰæʵڳûо룬˵ʲôֽš⣬ǧǰͯӣҲûշһͷڴûǰ᲻ģ
С޻еУЦһ˵󣬴תʵࡣ
ҵȻԳȡǫ
λĺܣӦöɢްɣٻſʵ
źȷʵɣĺΪҡ
ҪҪǰٻţλҲǰٻŵʵˣȻ޷ɽִᲢۣɵͷɽʥ޾ûĸӵСճû׳֦Ҳ㿴ˣ⼸ɢ޾ԾǽʱͻȻӿֳˣȻΪôǷչռȴޱӴ
Գ̧١ЦˣǶϰ޾һɶ˵ʵڲǸѡ񡣡
Сӣ𾴾ƲԳԷƣʤŭˣɱӣ˳Ҫ
ͯЦһŷɽܲ쳤ӵȿɣһȺҲѧ˼ɣЦ
ããʤˣǼˣҲûʲô˵ġϷٸˡ
ɹˣһɵƣһȺСɵƣ
һһҹʱ䣬˶ڵȴʱʱش߶Ԫ֮УΪͯӵжڻ
һֱڶʱ֣ͯӲŶʹ˸ɫͬʱԪ˵һԡ
λæǼѰȥˡЦŷ˳ȥ
ĵطͯӲĺһСһ˷ޱȵ̬
ʵ
ǿ̫ǿˣԪӤʿޣͯĨһѶͷϵĺˮϥҷ˺ô˼ơ
ʲôã
ٺ٣ؼʱˡŷ飬Ǿ͸ˡͯӴ˸ۡ
Ȼظһ°ɡʱ䲻ˡ
ʱȷʵ࣬ҹ޲쵽ˣ֮еĻϵĻ涼ҪϨˣҲζŻĿʱ伴šһ밲ٻŵ˾ͿԳʱεжͿԻʧܵľš
ûһṦ򣬻ͳҲˡһƱ˻࿴˿鶼Īؽ
ֻаʱ䣬ֻһλᣬǲɹľֻӲˡ
ǵʲôģٻвɻʵ
ʲôѾûˡЦţ˼ϣԼһΪѹŭҹ밲ҾҪ
̫ٴй£ʱպõһ˲䣬˲ԸϽ⡣
ٴαڿУ̫ĹâϣƵתĴɨšͼҵ
ɵϣѾлЩ˼ˡǲ̵Ķԣ˭Ҳ̵֪Ķﵽʲô˭֪϶кö
Ҳ˿˴Ц˵̶Żڻ᲻ͣر任λãѡķλȴǡô
ƲŸտʼתѹûƶ;Ϳһ̨ͻȻˡ
ͯӾ
ͯѣȫƶһ²Ƶתǵ̨׵ϷŹâĴգһ׽׵̨سǰֱֱϡ
һףףסŽװ̨ףϣһͮͮ·ѪȾɵĴţɭֲǽŵģһԲεĿ׶Ǹһģһ״
գ;̾ŴͣûȻܰ󷨲ó
𣡡һŭӲԶ˹ԭȵĻ뱬˿ֲѹԭҲҪϨĻͻȻܳϸߣܻӳ˰졣
Ҳ٣ˡֵصɴӣϽȥ
𣡡ʣµ˸Ͻ̧֣ƣֱӽƵŴ˫ֲϱ任ŷƣۿɼٶȣڵĿ׶Ƕȥ
ͻȻһ£ŭٴδض·硣
ʲôˣʤֵʵ
ǣ̧ۿ͵ߵһķһȫ׹ˣû뱩ŭˣϽȥֹǣ
Ϸ˵ҪɱˡʤڣںˣֳôĶ
һٻŵɱڵش˹˻ûַͷɽѾ˳
ͯӿЦһСһָϺŵŵŵŵվ˵ǰһѶȵĶڿ걳׼˰ٻŵӵķ


160 
ֻƹƹһ죬ĽеĹϺȻҲܲסô˵ĹӴķֿվ
գ˳Ѹٱ󣬳ٻŵֹȥ
ɻֻͯӺˣǻǱ߿̵ĶŻѹڲ֡
ٻŵʶ֪ǰƷʱѾ㲻ˣڼͷϣ˴ȫ˽ȥ
һĴȣ߷߲ѣƶԼιǲҲֲʵǣѷӳƷȫ
һѾ͵͵ؾܣͯۼĺܣһ˹ȥһҽһڵأ˲Ͳ糺ɫ
̵ܣͯЦһ
ٻŵ˸ͯӷʱչ׳ȥԶͽڣӶû⡣
˭ˣ˭ʹ˭
ڵվԼɽϣλʦֵܣٳˡ
ҲƣǰƷɵĵޣȥ֮ԪסЩˣɱ֮ٴչһ߸ٻŵӣ޷չ
̫ǿ޴ڿвͣתٻŵĵһľһʱ˭Ҳ
͵Ǳ߿żҲΪ
ƴŵĿ׶֮󣬴ҵԪբ˺ˮƵأͣйȥԪйſ֨֨ˡ
Ԫȫ֮ͿˡǺ
ǱߵĻȴѸٱ
Ѿвȵļ󣬺üʹ˻ֶҲѹƲЩһЭİٻŵǸîƴش߶Ԫ
˶ƴ͵ڣٻŵڣҲڡ
ѾһˣɫɷףЩģʵظţʤǰҧһ֧š
㣬ٿ㣡źš
𣡡̧һֻצӣݺһģزΡΡضһ£񱩵ѹѹÿ˵ͷ
ҿֲ֧סˡвͷˮֱð󺰵
ո밲οһ䣬ͻȻվ·ת˼ޣԱˡ
ضһӣ̬Ȼſ죬׼вķһȵĻâ˳ȥ
ܣвһѸٶݿ
ʵﵽڵвܿιվЭİٻŵӾûôˡ
Ĺâһߣ·жȫմâȥ֮ԭվʮٻŵѾӰ
컯Ū˰ٻؿű緢ȴһ취ûС
һٻŵӲ֪ǽŻǻͷʹһɽͶԻԴ˹ȥ
һֱðǱɽв˼ؿڻˣתͭ۾ٻŵӡ
ĵȶӿʼˣűɵɵվԭأǿֲѹѾ֪롣
˶ţˡ
һ̣ͻȻŤתԴĿ׼͵˵ķ
ˣһҪˣͯһϷһı飬֪϶Ҫ߹ˡ
Ȼ֫ڵһţӴȻŭŴ죬һߺţһѸٳ߳˹
֨տˡһƬ޵ľǰ˭Ҳ浽ʲô̵֪Ķˡ
ȥһ
ͳֵһʱ˽ȥͯ꣬ҲŴ˽ȥ
ֻȽղսİٻŵӷųٽСһŵڵһҲ˽ȥ
Ϳߣת˲ѾſѪڣشһ
ͳŴڿм㣬Żˢؾͳ˹ȥȻͷҲص˴š
ŻƸ޷赲ĽŲͷһھҧˣȻƲس˹
ŵð뽫ջܹرղ̵Ķ򼴱ȥҲ鷳
мʮԶצϺϢʱ䣬צӾͿӡϣʱҲվ˴ſڣڻƵһ
ĶѾ˼ޣһͻصϣĴѸٺ£ʱ򣬻צѾ·ϡƯͫ׶ʱˡ
ͻȻһֻ֣һץס죬קһģֱק˴ڡ
Ӵڴ˳ڻצϡ
һ뱻ذ벽Ҳشڣһ̣Ųغ£ɽٴλָ֮ǰģ


161 Ų
ٻŵ˶սľ
ǰƽǿ񱩵ѹѹÿ˶˭ܸܻڵŭ
ꡭű죬ȵֻܳͭС۾ض͵ʧĵط
ˣҪٻŴ߶Ԫߺ
û˴ΪڵϺŶǻĶ֣˵Щˡ
ѹƻ빦һȻðٻŰղѣĵǻὫŭйٻϡ
ʺԼȴҪƨɣٻűίˡ
˵ǣƺ˿ûٻŵˣĳطƬ֮ſڱ³һ棬յĵطȻ˲ֳõΣӴһӶ֮Уգ۾ʧˡ
ѹϵѹʧˣٻŵĵһƨɵڵϣźͺȫǺˮһƬµı顣
ǣϺҲǡ㿴ңҿ㣬ǽԳһЦı顣
ʲôʤɻʵ
ٻŻһЩʲôҪĶǾȻ֪вͷ˼ţΣӦһص󷨡
֮ˣҵܱġüͷҲʧˣҲǽ֮С
һҶͻȻظߺһ˳嵽˺ɽһŵĴšԳֱڲͻȻԼıҲ˼Ҹ֮ˡԼ֮ǰԴֶκ̬ȣԼĶûʲôùӳԡ
Գϻڰʤһֻ
ţҰٻţɱǣԺҵµǰϣɽ㣿вջˡ
Ҳ˼ŵɫǼȻѾ֮УǾδҲ󷨵·ңҾͲǻһӲеɽΧһ˳֣ɱۣλϸ󷨲õίʵ̫һЩҪѰҿ֮ôһ
ʤв˵ͷҲɵ˺ɽ
֮Уһɷף۽ëڶѣ˶·û˻Ƶء
ʹһԼ£Ͻţˣ
ղҪһ͵ȥүǱˡҲۼֿ죬Ҳʹһ»Ĺ
ûˡҲһͷˮƨվתͷһȦʱͳϴ
Ȼ̵֪֮ǱѰȴ֣ԼС˲ǧǰĳʿ
ĳѾǰٻźɽƬˣĿ֮£ǰһƬɫɳ̲ǰǲĴ󺣣ޱ޼ʣȫǲİ֮ɳ̲ϣһźҡҷѡȻһС
Ҳ٣ҲطĹ֮Сʱϲ£ˡ
ʲôطһû󺣣ͻȻˣȻе㷢
֪֪Ѿɽˡ
Ų󷨣ȻҲ֪󷨣һľ
ǵġ͵˵ͷ
ͻȻ˷ˣȭλ﷢ˣ
Ҳѹô˷ܣ˵ˣҵ̵Ķ֮֮ȫҪ֪Ų󷨶᲼ãʲôģ
ǡڵģ۰Ͱ͵ؿͣͷ˰ۣڿֻв̲֪󷨵װ˸ŲƵʲôط
ףأתһȦͺʣµľֻڵϲһˡȽĻ˻ͯӾȻ
ȻŲ󷨣ҲӦûᱻŲƵСϣֻǿڱĵط
һֵߣȰѻҵǻ˵
æһش
һۣҪʲô
һǰýŲϣ̧ͷʵ͸磬ɱô
㡣
һüֵѾûˣûһСӰͯһ룬ڻ𣬾ȻĴײѡ
õ͵Ĵ𸴣ЦˣһѾסһͷݺݵصŮ˻׷ɱӣԼиϵĵΪΪӣҲҪ㣡
׻ˣȻ֪ǸŮˮֵǱȴˡڵıеҲûԪ͵ȭͷ׼һһʹֱһߺ󣬱ףݱţѪԶ
ɱ£ͷشߴٵ
ٺ٣㳢ζһŽһ߳ԶȻһ˽ȥƬ֮һĲҺд˳
һëȻҲ̫˰ɣ


162 ã
һĲҽж϶ϰ죬Ϣġ
һӣֻصϣҴ״һɫĵ衣
ٺ٣òɱУǸ˶֪һؽɫĵģһñĿС
ɶ⣿ָɫ˹
һԺԲԪĺöƣǿƷҪҪһöֶһ˲䲹ĵԪʵ˴ܱرҩ
͵ɫ˱䣺һ֮Ķ
Ĵָ͸Ϭһ۾Ϳˡ
ʧɫϽ׸Ҳ٣ⷨô
ҲˣԴӼʶҶһֱΪ˵ķû뵽ƷȻ֮ȻԽսȥƳɵ裡
ϧˣֻһһˣΪߡռΪߵģƳɵĵЧ󡣡·ϲ˲Ȼ󴧽˻С
ֲвٱ׶ˣսȥˣҪѲʱɣ뼸μĳʵ
Ҳʵйϵѵʱȷʵ̡̾˿ûгԣʱҲֻܽսȥ˷ų䲻ԭ͡
Ѿ͵ˡ˵һЦݵؿСɲԸ㡣
ܰϽ֡
ˣȲ˵üͷ壬еŹ֣ҵʶŲȥҲӦж󣬵֮ȸǻϡҹͯӿ϶Ǹһ𡣡ܾ÷·ʲôҪĶԼƵأһ󲻰Ϯͷ
˵ͷ漴ɵ˿С
ɻ󲻽ʵɶ
һЦܲҵǡ˵֮еվԼķɽϣĴ۾һ
Ҫʲôһͷˮ
ն˵Ҫʩչʲôط˺㡣
Ͻ˼
ٺ㣡˵
ƵرĳԶͷһصı飬˳Լ˼
ʱ·Ѿ˼ޣ͵۾˫ѸԼȦһȦһһٵش󺰵زǷɣ
仰Ķ˵ãԪĻＫߴ͸ħзĤҲֱ
ͲһͷԵڵأŤͷãʵɻɶ⣿
ִĲ㲻Ϳˣֶϵҵô
ѸһЦеأٺ٣ǧ꣬ڰ仰ˡ
ò˵Ů˵ĳ޺ͼʡ纣
˵ʲôȴͻȻɴӣΪ޵أ·һЩ򶷵ںС
ʲôûͿʵ
ϸƬ̣ͬʱͷˣವ
תͷԴķȥʱʱһɫĴ볯߷˹
գ͵Ӷͻˡ
ɫĴ룬ԾǳֵķзһȻľͽҵˡ
ٵȴ뿿һʱͺȻֳصʹŴ룬ҲվڴϡһССӰվԼ޵ϵͯӡ
㣬⣡
ʱҲɽˣէһۿ͵ʱȴͻȻֹͣǰһջص͡
վڴָƿڴյͣļһĵԲˣΪһ̵ĶֵûǧĽô
գգ۾޹ˣڸ˵ô
㿪޲ĶɱǶռղѾˡ߷ߵغ
ãˣǲϴˣ
ʶǧ꣬ôϴϵĲʴţһԲϼֵļ󣬡ҲţҾͿ㿪
ʱͯվ޵ϿɥͣǿһġҶѻǽˣɱңֻҪһͷˣûҪ浶ǹضְɣ
֪˵ʲôԴұŲƵ֮󣬾һֱһ𣬴ûκˡͳ˵
ǰǰһֱһ𡣡Ͻӵ
ô᣿ãˣԼղͱ͸˰ɿǵıҲ˵ٻ
ãʱͻȻɫһԻǸ㿪
δ䣬;Ѿ⿪˽ķӡԪݺǰһӣһεĽֱͣĵط˹ȥ
ͷʹŴϽ룬뿪ĹΧ͵ĽѾɱˡ
˲첻ѵǣ֪ʲôʱ򣬻ȻҲһ˹ͷųһģһɫǺɫġ


163 
һģһĽײһ𣬷һ޴죬ʱڿзһ̻ҫۡͯɳб˳ȥ
ȻͬģͻȻ֣ͱͷųȥĽҪһһ¾ͽһɢˣƲسǰԶ
ȵɢ֮һӰâһڽĵط
пӰģ˶ˡ
³״סˣⲻģ
ƮƮеƮݵɡòȴҹάӥǣһֳһڵؽվĲӥһˡ
˾ȻͷݵòһģһϵȻҲǴ
ͳһῴϵͣһῴϵͣȫסˡ
󣿡ʹ۾ʶҲ˳ȥȴʼտԷʲôõĺۼԽԽˡ
ĵô£һ䡣
ͻûڣϵļͿˣָŻͯǵСģЩ˶ǻǲ̲һߡǸҲǼٵġ
ʧɫϽͳԼķԶԶض͡
ƨƿڴ
֪˭ˡεؿһۡ
ԼʲôˡͻȻЦ
Сʵʲôˣ
ڽ֮ǰ˵ߣһ󷨣һǻ룬һ㣡ָϵļͣѣ˲ţҲŽطûãȻͶʹҵĽˡû´Ӧûʲô󷨣ԸӦ˵ǿȻû󣡶󣬽ӵ˵һ˼룬
˵ģǿɾ͹ˡ󷨱˵Ҽû
ſڴƻƣϵļЦţ˵Ǽʲô֤ô
Ҫʲô֤ݣͯӵĻֻҪͷһ֪˭ģ˭Ǽٵģ
ͯӱݵغҪ
Цˣ̫ˣ㣬㣬㣬Ǽٵģһˣ򸾺ͯӣȻǵ춯ǣǻڵʲôɱЩ󣬲̵ıؾֿɵã
ȫһʺͼԣˮ룡ЧҲڸ޷жϵ˭˭Ǽٵġ
ͳȵǼ󷨻ûģûѪ֮ýԼϻô
Ƶã
Ǽ󣬼㱻ˣҲѪ֮ˡ
ȫѼţɫ˼䡣
һǲңŭһ
ֽĿ׼˼ͣʱ׼𹥻
ˣȻʲôҵģ漴䣬ϵĴһãԼ첲һһĿӳˡ
ણણͻ⽫ӳ£һεѪ˿ڴ˳䵽ϡ
ͳסˡ
ôѪôѪ
һ˵ͷȻܳѪĵطָպպŵߣһص̧ͷѪ
˵ɫˡ㿴͵൱˵ã
Ǹղܵ͵ĹȻ֪˭ġˣԽԺˡ
㻹ʲô˵һɫ
ò˵ʵ̫ˡ˶˽ⲻͷתɻǣܾͲһˡ
ôˣǱʶŻ㣬ʵְ
ٵľǼٵģزҲȥˣһС«־ʹͷųһҵ
һ˲䣬¶Ȼߣͽҵϣż˵ȻŪһ㣬ҲӵкһĹǡԲӵֻ棡ҵҴϽãóһͬĻ棬Ӿͳģܡ
ͻû˵ǴҶ֪ʲô˼
ҵ˶սľ˺üؼĻ棬Ǵֵܵġ
ȫףȻԸƳһˣӵйǾԲҵһҵǲ󷨵˾޵ˡ
Ц˵ҵҵ𣿡ͻھ壬˵ͨĻ棡
ûУЦţƫƫѡΪһһջ𣬡ǲҵԾ֪ˡ
һ˵꣬;ֽһҵ˳ȥɫССĻ棬ֱֱسͷȥɫˣѹӲӣϽӿ
ʲôȥһַ߷ߵкһһ˳ȥס͵ĵ·һۣͬʱ˵ͷ
һ˲󣬳ѹ˹ȥ


164 
ҵַٶѹͱָܴˣҲûʲôΪľôԼİˡȵҵ޹ֽ֮սС«ֺñɲ˷ˡ
һ㣬ҲӲӣһŻƾͳ˳ϣƷһƣŷ˻ȥ
ͱһ£Ѿ浽ĳ̶ˣȻԼŻʹ
ֱͯʹ޵Ѿͳ嵽󣬸ղͻʵ̹͵Ȼ֪ܸϢĻᣬϧͯӵ뻹ûüųȥͿͻͷýһָһͣ
ÿ˶ܸӦһɼԪͯϣ˶ʧɫͯ⵽ʲô֡
ٶһͯϲûʲô˺ۣצضȻ󡰰ѽѽؾֱ׹ȥ
ۼֿ죬Ͻ嵽ͯµĵطһѽסͯӵСһƬ԰ס
ûˣϽʵ
ûСͯӿɥ嶼ˡ
ʲôɫ˱䣬ûֶ˵ĵ̫죬̫ˡ
ѽѽͻȻĺתͷһҲ֪Ϊʲôϵڿдȡ
СԼһĨѸٻʵ̬ӳʮ̣ס˻
ȵ䵽֮ĨһѶͷϺˮպգ
ôˣˡŸտûãԼ߾Īشϵ
ʼȫԪסˡȫһͨˡ
ûͺͻȴǿίʵ̫˵һ㣬ٽ£һһסԪ֪⵽ô¡
ȥ֮󣬻򸾸Ͻֵ˺˻ȥ۾ţڴһ𸴡ʽȻǼʹģҲֻ˽⡣
ƣƵƣǹ𣡵ڰƣԶ˵ǹȫӲ޷ж˰Զ֮ԪΪͨˡ
ͻˣôţȣ
˵ʲôһԽܣڳ˿ɴûʲô̶ֳȡ
˵ˡ
һ£ΪһС
Ϊʲôʹ
͵ɫ֪Сһ㣬û´˵޷ʩչ
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ƲһѽͯӼҸ£ܿˣνŸ󺰵㣬ȵҰ
ͷһܵıڹ껹Ҫһҧֻ̬˹
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ϻ˵ˣתͷܣ˵ס
˵֮һӾ˴С
Ͷˡͷͳͳ˹ȥ
ʱ򻨴ѳǰ棬ֽԼĹǽһܼɱڣϵļⶼŤˡ
ѰߣҲ˵ơ
͵Ƹ˵ãһƬؼ·𶼱һиˣشЦţһУ
ֻڿз·Ƶأ̬൱ĶͺȻ֣ؼϬ絶һѹϡ
аɣǷࡣ
Ǹ˶֪һкǿǵʩչʱ򣬻򸾳ˡ
ŭһϷɽһָϵƶʱ񲻶ˣ£ȻһƬҫ۵Ĺâ
ӲӲã͸Ͻѣͬʱ㣬ŻƳǰȥͻģԼ϶ʱһƬâ˸
õ͵ѣָϽԼĴ뷭תԼͷϡ
ϵĹâҫ۵£һ̣ಡ֮ڶһ̳ĽâټһƬΧ
âײڳֵĴͷŵŻϡ
Ȼһâ£ǵâܼһ̶֮ǿֲһС
ԭ붥ŶԷĹȥȴԼ뷨ǳ˵Ρâûû˵شȻӲؽµȥ
ҲùŻȻٺãҲŲãŻ֮Ѿ˻صˣ޿ˡ
һ˱ţȻâǿҽ˵֮С
ԡһ죬һ֪ˣǴ벢ǺǿķӲô¹Ҫʱ򻨴򸾾Ҫֱâ¾ˡ


165 ϶
󣬺Х
ɫɳ̲ϿգһƬܼĽâӿղ£ͬǹһ㣬ɳ̲ǧٿף
ͺͻֱӱƬֲĹסˡ
ϲشЦţϼ˷ܵس鶯ţ˭ҵıôߣ
ԶĺϣͯӺˮ棬϶һƬֺͲŵı顣
ҴûϾȻôֲĽСң⽣лͺͻ򸾴ûӰһ£Լֹ֮ǷĿܣõһĴ𰸡
ҳУûܿ嵽ɳ̲ϵĳʶҲͷŲ˵Ķʱ
Ҫš
ͻϷЦţЦЦžЦˡɢȥɳ̲һӴޱȵӰ
ͯӿ֮󣬶ʱͣͣҾ֪˺֣̫ˣҵģ
ʲôУ죡һͯӵԴϣС̬ίͷϺң;Ȼ϶ֽţղôջȥҶ֪
ǳӴϺ꣡޴ĺסټһƬΧ걳ϴ˿ȫǱâĻۣصĵطѾѿ˿ӣ¶۵⡣
Ʒ޵еϺ걳ȻסǽâŰ֮еϣûܷˡ
ղŵִѵʱ֪ˡ鼱ֻ֮ܽͯϵöֻصջųϺ궥ס˼һֵĹ
ȿȣͿԵش긹˳һǱ
ҲǸ˳һСĹǣ
յͣҲ̫ˡʲôãƫƫںǱֽʲôãһӻȽأҪŽһʱˡ
϶𣡡һ󷢿ࡣ
ЩԼ˽⣬Ǿ޷ͷųɼ׾ٵطųˣƵԲڴˣͿԶ϶Լ壬ͷųĽ϶ҪμĴĶࡣ
ʵƫƫԼŲ˼ҿԣͱȽˡ
ǽһʰ
ǰСˡб͡Դ֮ûټ͵ʵʵɼ͵ļιȴû˽⵽ӵеı±ԼĶ࣬⼸нƾ͹ֲˡ
дϢʱ䣬һ˭Ҳסͻһ˵ȥһŻƳȥ
ͳֽ󣬳ӶǺˣԼķѾջۺۺ죬ɳֻǱžġ
˭Ҳ֪ͻ᲻ͷֶ˺ͷԪĹ
͸ն㿪Żĸ棬־ͺкˣһžײĲʴҲ趯һԵĳߣĴѰһƼ͡
һ̣͵Ȼһ˿ҵɫͿһ㶡
ţȥæͯһ͵͵˰
ĲˮʪһҡͷԵۡ
ƨ̫󣡡ͯӽӵ
Сƨӣ֪ʲô⣡ͯһˮ
߹·ԹλҪ࣡ͯͬ䳰ȷ
ԭͷųǿĽƣҶ൱Сĵ̬չǻû£ͻǻ򸾶Ȼ֣ڼǱһƵأȻͷųȻмܼ¹ԶԶûиղְԵƣʽҲƽƽ̲ģһ͵򱻷Ƶء
ô£ѵթͳֶһۣԽС
ͣһ߹ͬʱһüͷ˼Դطһж̫һЩҲǡ
Ȱһ䣬үүŭ֮ǰ뿪ҲɱˣͶ㿪Ĳʴһ
͵üͷš˴֣ͺ͸ղŵıˣʵڰͿˡ
Ѫ˵ҲζѪ֮ȻǰѷɽǴֻһѣǾԼǰѡ
Ѫ֮ͻȻһ£żͣϷɽһһΣϴȵ˾ͽһУ
͸Ͻܿ͵Ĺ
ͻȻͣЦͶɣˡ
ͶͳҲ͸Ժˡ
ɫ˸ţȴͶͶǣֻǲɱˣѾˡ
ڽƱô͵һЦ϶ǹ𣬰ԶͷЩƺԪɣڻжԪ
ɫһţȴЦƾʲôôΪ


166 ⻯
ЩҵģȻ˭˽⡣ǧǰԪӤڵʿֻǰʽûƴ϶УֻԪӤʿܹӵгԪͷųԪӤڵΪô
ȻûУǼԪӤΪǴҶôˣ·ˡ
˵ǹ𣬰ԶȻʣҲû϶ôҫۣǣ򵥵УȴӴԪΪܷġҲµûҪķѵԪ±϶ҪӴ󡣡Ц
йҪͷôǿ͵ҪӦĴۣ۾Ԫ
˵ģ㿴ͣЩֵѾֳһĨ΢Цղűʹ̧ͷ㻹ɥһƬâ֮£˵ĻǼֻѡһǱȺŹһǹ߳ҵ
˾ŲʮϻûܱҸ˽ƣһɫһͶһ
ͻƣЦЦʿ͸ͶȻ˵ţɵڣ˭ؿе˸֮ɫǵǴ˵ϹӶܿߡ
Ҳɱ㣬ΪкܶûŪףڤ粻ĻֻܶԲˡ͵Ѿ˼ޡ
ôʱ䣿ͻȻһ䡣
ʲôʱ䰡ϵ⣬ָڶ̶̵ʱָԪһĽôֲΪȻ
ͷȴͻȻһͻĻ޵̶ˣûʲôʤľУͶĻ㣬ôбϣ
ϻˣɱ˵¶ģ㲻ŪҲüдϢʱ䡣
򸾻û֣Ѿһͷ̤ڷɽϾ׼ˡ
ʱͻȻðһһĳббŤŤй켣ǽһɧ޹ɿԣˣɻûܹȥһʵʵ
֪ʲôʱƵеһĶϵ
ͷӦ죬־һ֮˳ȥ
ѽһҽУֱӱסͷתشӿе
ͯںֽкããˤյġ
ȡһɳ̲Ȼɳܶ࣬ǴӸ߿еζǺܲܣ͵ͬϺһţɫˣðſԳһ϶š
һ˺Χ˹һϵһӣеӣǹ̵ָܷɽô
Ʋһۣ𣡡
⣬Ͳָɽˣ
ǱߴЦääҶ֪ĶȻ֪
ŭشһϽ˸ӶˮС
㻹ʲô˵ýŽͷ˹ʵ
¹ˤĲᣬǶѪ۵Ťˣȴ϶˵㡭ˡ
Ҳ٣ڻӲŲҰȫ⣿ŭ˵˵žҪǰȥ֡
һѰס£һҪʡ
Ʋһۣʡ
ͶżͣʵܸܲңʲôңΪʲôʹҵĽƣ
;޿ЦһôڰҷˣȻԹͶǻпܻ
һȫЦˣղַȰ͡
ͽĲϣ£˵Ҿͱȥһɱ㣬ۣһѪ
áһʹɣͰȻ
ʲôͷһҲû׷ʡֻôڶԷӴţĸоȫ

ܸܵԷϷɽԽԽ󣬶ͷ亹ֱð
ע⵽ˣĴ飬·Ѱʲôȫ
һͺһ֣׼̽ȥʱ򣬼ʹһ£֪ʲôҶ˵
㻹ʵһ治ءһ
ɷ졣һһģȻת֪ͣʲô
һ⣬ʲôˣ֣ǱģΪʲôԱ仯ҵģʵ
һôͷ˷ۡ
˵˦һơ
϶ʱһָɽ̾£òͷðɣ˵ҲҲǾ֣ǲ̵⻯
һƱ˶ʱȫˡ


167 
⻯Ƕô˵ۣڳ˶֪ĸֵķ塣
⻯һɹ֮󣬻Ҳӵбʵ˼롣ҲԪ񣬻Ըһ𣬱Ҳ˵ɱ˱ֻҪûĻ˻ᶫɽ
Թڿഫǿʵس˵ǰ˲𾪣
ܰɣ⻯ֶͯһʪɵؿˡ
ĴڵĻǵʱ⻯˸˷ͻȫͿԶһռ˱ˡ
һڿˮƭǣ
ϷûƭǵıҪͶʱϷԾȻǸղԼĳ̬һƬ֮ɫ
ⲻ԰ͺɵؿǧ֮ǰԪӤڵΪˣŪ⻯ûֻôͣǲڻˣ
ǰǰǰһǲ̵⻯ôһҪǲ̣϶᲻ýԼĻѵˣ
ɣһ˹ϥɳ̲ϣĨһǵѪڵǶ⻯ֶʵ̫˽ˡҵıڰ˰ǰͲطˡˣҵʶʶģĻҲٴڡ
ĬտĳĬֻкĺХͺ˵Ļص˵Ķߡ
˵Ļ͸¶һϢ˶ƲǾǲ̵ڶû
ǧǰԪӤʿˣǧ֮أû˸룬Ҳûĳ
طʲô˼ȥˣʵ˵Ӵɽֻеֻ
ˣ϶ȥɾ̾˿ȫǴﱻһģһطеᡣ
ɾʲôطٲȻһ汦
鴦Ҹ㡣ͯȻ
ڻشҵ⣬ΪʲôôһˡûһʵĽͣߺߣЦ
ʱǲǾԲ֮̾˿Цðɣҳұˡ
һλԱ𡭡ܲⰡ
ֻһʧܵĲг˱ζ⻯ĶǲҲ˽⡣ֻǸһЩŵأٽԼƶ룬ԼһʶУҡ
Ҳݣ̵ĵӣı˶ôһ뷨ʶֶģ˼ҽƾһЩƶϺ룬ˣһŪһȻô
һʱ򣬲Ǻܸ˵ġ·ڻ䣬϶΢Ц
ôôñŤ
Ȼǲһһǲ̵ģҲС̬͵ҺܶණҲѧĺܿ졣ʧƷʼʧƷûãͷһ޴⣬ôڵԪۼĺܻ仰˵ǾĻޱȡԪӤڵΪǧſ̽𵤵ż߰Ըߣ
Ե뿪ʱ򣬰Բԣʵ
ţ˶һԣǾ԰԰ͻ׷̾һˣ͵ôݻ٣ǷвԼʶݻٵĻԼҲˣƲ֮£ֻܽԼĶС
͵Ʋ⣬ҲӽʵƲ⡣
ԣ˵ͷ
ı̫ʺˣŭޣԼľǺޣôأ
죡ͻȻŭˡ
ߺȣҰ˵Ȼұ죡Ҳëˡ
ˡͺȵڨڨ˻ȥ
ˣɱҵˣһǧ꣬Ҳûʲô˼ͻȻɺ˵⻰һ㶡
µøǡһ¿ҵı飬֮󣬲̵ʶصϣҲ˵﷢һУպлȥʱɵСı
ǿţЦ
ʼ򣺡ûУǣңҲٴˡǰһиԸԪӤ֮ȥǧʱȥˣҲһ£ǲԪӤڵġ
ϵıƽһʱҲ֪˵ĻǼٵġ
һأʵ
Ŷ±Ƚ鷳վңСһˣǱ߰ɣҲ˵Ҳ֪ˡ
˻ͷһʱĶˡСǱ߻죬ԶԶһɫС߿ٵس˹ȻϵǾǻ롣
Ҳ֪ΪʲôɳĽ磬󷨳˵⡣ǣûô˵˵


168 
ôɱˣֵ˵
Ȼ빲Уһдİ취ԲԣͳŻʵ
ЦҡҡͷҪϻе㲻̵ʶҸˣ̸
ˡսԼķһڿˮ
ȥס˻죬ݺݵص⿪ϵ
ͯצذҲУҵģ
ЦұǴôܽ⿪˵ֻֽ֪һ֪ƾڵֻʩչ޷
ô죿ͯӴ˴Ըޣо飬֮ǰڻ϶˵ֽţȻ÷շһӴ
ȻϣǺƮġ
ֻһ취ƽޱȣڵϵķɽݸֱ˫۵ɱң˵Ȼͻ
ɵ㶵ŷɽ˻Ƭ̣漴µھʹ㣡һ˵ţһ߾ͽɽؿڴͱȥ
΢Цر۾һƬѵɫ
Ȼˣۿŷɽ͸ĶͶˡ
һϵķɽķ˳ȥͯӵʱͣʲôˡ
ûֻǿŻ֣Ҳ֪֣㣬һǧ꣬ľ㿴ûȷʵ㣬вûз㻹ȥԪӤڻصߡ
۾Ǽ֪ζ
һ˵ʲҪҪûж־ǧ궼ͦˣͦǧôлԪӤڣлԽɾֻҪ㲻Ǹϣ
۾ԽԽˣڹš
һʱʲô߽ʲôԽչŻޱȡǰҲڲˣлĻս˴ĿͶԽԽĻ룬ǿ̽һϵĵá֮ǰȽһ
ڶģǶĲѰǶĲԼ֮ǰ·̫齣ҲǶĲʵ֤ǸӮҡҲڶģ
ԼѾ˷ˣͯӱסԪս⿪𵽵ҲޣһǻĶ֡ǻһ̫죬ദǧ꣬ǲ̵ĻʲôĿ϶һ㣬Ҳ˽롣
Ͷĵǣ𵽵ñͯ˼Ķ󡣵ȻǰǻϰԼ
ЩҽнԭǸ޽ӣˣΪ⻯
һ˵꣬ͷ˾޴ı仯ҡһһ׷ͯյͷϳԭǱһģһķɽҲһһУ͵ϣղĻĻȣڵĽٲȻһõˣһɷǡ
λؾȡЦЦⲻҵֻͨ󷨵ƭǵ۾ұӡ
Ȼһģһ̾
ڸλҵİɡƮƮطȥֱӭŻ롣
ͿѵʱҪܵ׼ҸоеɲѰޡͯٴţУҡ
·档ͯίؿͣշ
ôƷ޷ǰȴûжֵĻᣬͯ絶ʡ
жգһ߽óһ߿ʵ
󡣡ͯСش
Ǿ͹ȥ
ʱ򣬽Ѿͣ͸ɱĿⶢǰĻ룬ͷԭ߰һ̬ھȻеãˣɵͣԭأŽҿһҡͷԡ
󣡡ͻȻһȻð䲻̣ϵĻ档
ſһƤ֮ôֻӶ䣬ڶеô¡
Щ־˺󼸲Ž˰Σϵԭء
ţ̫ţˣҪ޸ͷӣе
ǲ̵ĺˣǲ̵⻯ҡɣһźˮʵ
ͻȻ˵
ôˣ
Ȼޣ̾Բ̫ͣƭáǿϺΧ
ȻҲ֪ԼͣȻǿװںƻ룬ȶӶڴƯʱѾܲΧ絶Ȼǽɱ֣ʲôֶˡ
͵ĻĶˣݺǰһӣ˲ͽסˣֱӰһӼͬʱȵ֣


169 ӡͻ
ֵһ˲䣬ؼƱãһصͻȻҫ۵Ĺââһ䣬˶鲻Խش˸¡
ղŻģ˵СͻȻҡһ䣬úޱȡ䣬ϵĸоһ쵽ʶС
âΧסˣ˶һŷâѾҫ۵ı
Ȼһ£ͷӦ˹һſһղĻڵش˳ˣĴлһ
Ͻסķ˻ĻҲͨĻ棬ϵķѹû취ֵ
ˣؿŻĻֱԽȥͷֻôһͷȻҵˡ
벻鷢ˡ
ԭ޼᲻ݵĻ棬Ȼ赲
赲סֵıâһֱɢˡ
Цүĥǧ꣬ĥıǺ󣬽첻
ǰܹٻ۸һԹڷй˳е
Ÿʲôϰתͷһ˻ɵɵضŻ룬ʱסһʱסһǱ󷨱ƻ֮ǰɱҽ춼ꡣ
Ѿý˵ˡѾ˹ȥǱǺԽ˾͸оԽ䣬䵽Ʋסش¡
ҲǼʶˣ֪޷ʩչԼֵԶ̹ŭһսڣ˫ƽ̯ĴָãͻȻ۾һһƵǰȥϡȣȣȣȣߺȸͣ
ÿƳһƣһ޴ޱۿɼӡѸٻڻϣĻһҡΡ
֪óϵˣ⡰ӡ൱Ӵ󣬼ͬȼʿһУҲˣڱУһʮơ
ֳŲʴɫ˪ԭ趯ʤգ˿ĿҪ˵ɽ磬ܵʱ̬ģ¹ɵŮ˸˴ܵʱۼĳв԰Ρ
ͱڣڻ⼫֮£ȴɱС
غһ
ǺУͻȻسۺɫСͻ䣬ЩСͻȻԪˣȫӿ˹
飡ͻӴһ˲䣬޴ıըˣһʱ䣬ǺоһƬۺ죬ӴӰڵסˡ
ĲҺŭд˹ۺĹĻУɼһĻð漴Ȼǻ벻ĹѾ𷴿ˡ
ڻ˹ʱͺҲûš
ߵǽս·ߣⲢʩչԼĽһ͵Ľƺƴس빥ȥ˿ûˮĺۼһַһٶǽһ찡
Ҳһ԰æʱʱضʱʱŪƺ޷ˡ
֮󣬳ֵĶͷѾ˺ˮɫҲԵò԰ޱȣĶҲЩˣȻԪĹԵʣֻͣϵͷŽڹ
ȡȿȣֵһֲ֧ˣȡ˰죬ԪһգӡӴޱȣ˵ĸͣҲһ׶ˣǾҪԪΪ
ָήҲֲ֧סˣ㺹ֹܵͣ˻֮ڿȥ
ȵɫʧ֮󣬷ͷһ
ȻûָĹɱ룬ôҲشǣ
վڱǺеӴޣȻ߰Դ˶ͱȫѪ̬Ĳһ㣬Ӹµظˣ·ڳ˵Ĺһ㡣
ôͣˣ򰡡
ˡ˵ֵ̫ûԪˡ
󼱣Ͻӻͳһƿ׸֣ԪƣܾͲ˵˰ɣ
һѽסϴϲ
ԪǱܼػָĵԪʵ˴򳤾սر֮ҩ
򸾸շȥûԪͷ˾޴ı仯
˳ֵĴӡͻĻ֮ڽƾһ˸޷ѹס롣
뿪ʼˡ
ǺֻΪ壬ܽԭأһ٣ӴܳˣǽԸοܵģ͸ģҲġ
ȻܲǾͲˣ֮󣬻ֹͣ˷ɱ̲͵һ취
һðٱϨ𣬵ǻ벢û٣͸Ƶأʱʱشʱʱشð


170 
ģֻһо
Ͽ뱻󷨸סˣֻаķݣܻ֡
ǵͽһ͵ϵʱȴһȭ޻ϵĸо׻ԪӤʿްǼӲޱȵۼԷԼ΢Ĺ
е¶ѸٵסҲþӨȻԵʡ
һĻ潫ڻͽǻؼ֮ʱʱڳ˹ûܵĵ
Ҳĺˮ˫ֻӶţںͻͶ
аҲ⣬Ҫǳڳɣ
ĳͺĵػŽԺ뵽һзֻôһܵĶֻܲɱ߽
ã֪ͲӦطôһ绨ĻƻŮ
ûԼѡ飬ڣûõģֻ취Ͻǰ˺Ů˵
˻ָԪʱʲôáͯӺ͸˵ˣΨһָϵֻԼ
͵⿪Լڵķӡҡ
ˮˣӡһ⣬ҵİԵԣֻὫõ󷨴ݻٵĸףȫڸæһ󷨱ƻֻԼһˣ֪ᷢʲô飿
λЦһһСͷٹʱ䣬󷨾ͻᱻ״ݻ١ҽܹͬȪ·Ͽ϶̫į
ƨŭŲ
Ҫʲôһ£ۿŽ˫ֿٵطŷһƬɫȻٴηҫ۵Ĺâ
ҧ˵Ҿһˣܹ֮ǰʶǣҺܸˣһ˵꣬ǰһ㣬ϴһƣ
Ȼһ漴Ѹٷֱתһ޼᲻ݵıˢˢˢȫ˹ȥ
𡫡ʹشһͶĤȻܴᡣ
һ֮󣬽ҡҡλεûֱӴӿе
͸ȥס۽ǵƲ볯˹ȥӴϣ˱һεѪµţģǱ
ԩͷծҲ֪ղ˭˺Լڵܹ
ʹһ
һ˦ӹסˣǱȥ͸ı˷һɫͲ԰ˡ
ɵƣʹһշڳ֣
飡򲻵ѵʱ͸ûáڣ򲻵ѵʱ̡
ԪһУ񱩵سȥĻͻȻʹشһڿз˺ü䵽ϣӴҵɳ̲һ޴Ŀӡ
ٿȥʱ򣬻ѾͬСèһ㣬ԭأؿ
ʱٷĴ;ǵʹʱ֪е
УһСɵ󷨣ס˻һԪԪһ룬󷨾ͻԪ˺
ʵȻ죬ԪǴޱȵģͬҲġ
ؿαװ˳µĨײкͷŭ
ס˻ҪͷѹҶ
ˣͯӴţʹ޵ѴͷϷɹСһƬ˷ܵɫֱӷɵ˻ǰҲӺˮ˳ʱ׼
ôȻһ¡
֪ʱϵԶ⿪ˡ
̾Ϣһ£ŤͷбŵĽ
ղ˵Ļʵˣ
ɾ̽½ıϢƬ̣һ
ϣӦõ鵤ҩѵ˵ͷϽڽһĹüƿӣšƿһһһһƿӵ̿ɲ֪ǲõģҪˣܵظǧң
ͯӣֻаʱ䣬շˣֻɱɫصѵԪͣЪسй롣
ͯӾֱֱվڻǰ۾һ˭Ҳ֪ڸʲôأͷ֣̬ȻðԴԭأ˳ͬһֻСè
Ϸͷһϲ
˭ܰ͵ٷʣҲûڻ´İգ˵Ӯˡ
ͯշһͷޣպɽ磬һ߰


171 ƴ
пһĻ˶ڼͽš
ͯӾȻȱ£ŵܲշ룿
ŷ飬ܱȽģظӦ仯Ԫһʼű겻ͷأЩȻûˡȻͯӵطЧ
֮ͯǰڻ϶ֽţȻǰ׶ġ
һʱ侲ÿ˶Լÿ˶ҿ˵´ͯӡ
ʱһһţ͵ĴȫǺˮͯӺͻûκα仯˭Ҳ֪֮䵽ڹͨʲôʲô
ʹĪڵȴŵʱͬһաʱѹ˵ϡ
εȴʱУҲŪһ⡣
е󷨣ҲҪԪֵ֧ġǷ޷ԪֻܿԼա
֧󷨵ԪһľԪͽܵκ˺ҲǷΪʲôֻѹƻʱԵʡ
ʱһֻе´ηԪ֮󷨲ٴ
еϵȴ֪
еԪԽԽ٣ͯȴȻûκγɹշļ
һ֪ٽΨһϣиͯˣһʧܣʣµΨһ;Ǵ
ۣʵûг͵ϣûʱ䣬ͯͻȻһһѪСɵӶ˳ȥ
ԭڲҵ𪣬ȻշĹ˴ˡ
͸ϽȥסͯĨһǵѪ˵УԪ̫ǿǧǰҿ϶շڡ
ͯӵһƬյɫǿ޾Ͱǰȴûʵշɽ磬ʵһУûʵܶ鶼޷֡
ܲһΣѾϢϣ߹ʵ
ңԶٴνһͯһص˵
ô죿ˣûøս׼
򣡡ս˴ĲˡΨһľϬɱкʣһʱ䣬еԪϣһʱУһᾡѹ
ŤͷˣһʱУǵıʱ̣ǲУϣ
ǻ᲻һڿˮ
ӻûЦˣһƬŵɫ
ûɵ£ֻڲ
ŸȾˣҶ֪ηηѾˣΨƸۣʤϣ
Ǿɱ˶֣
ˡֳ˵ɳ۵ϿաЯֲ磬ضһۣϾǹЦݡ
Ȼӥһܵ˿У˫ֿٵطŷɫһ˲ǵͨ죬һ̣һֵԴеƷĳ£Ϻȵӡ
ϿգȻһֻ޴ޱȵӡͬĻһѸѹͼԶоͻȻһԪ·᲻ˡ
ȻǳǿһУҲصɱС
ڳֶͬʱһε̬ˣߵԪӿš
䣡䣬һֻʰ쵣м׳̵ĺڻߡ
ʺ;޴ͬһʱ併ڻϡ
¡һ죬Сڲ
ʵĹĻУ·𺿽һϵķȻһ죬ͷһϽͷȥȻַȻѿһӡ
˴˺ȻŭˣȻûԼӡڷԪ񣬷𷴿һˡ
ƲƷʱҲûССʿ͸ҶԻʹ¶֡
ûʱˣٹƬ̣еĴصԪľҲʱûѹƻֶˡ
ɢٴοӰ֮ʱˡ
Ĳǻǿǻ˵ֶΡ
ǱһƬȫѪͷϵһֻǶءվҡҡλΣ·ʱƵء
ǻҲ˵ͣ˵ĴˣȻӲͦŲ£ҡһԴԭǵ۾˷ŭ
ƴˣԶ˻ÿɵƣԴһѪһһ˦Ѹٷֽ⿪һͬɳһĶ
Ӷ䣬һɳȻѸٱ󣬱һſž޴ޱȵʯͷ
ĻɵʯͷȻӫ⣬ͬϵķһ㣬˸


172 ǲ
顭ҧ⣬һھѪȥɢЩɵľ޴ʯͷϣͬһ˸ʯͷȻ̺
ǡ·þȫںϵķǶɳ̲ϣһַĸо
Сһĵбһ˿⣬ϵķһɲǣͬҶһ㣬ˢˢˢѸ׹ȥ
ƿյ֮˵Ķߣû˻ͬʯ׹һĹ
Ǳֱųһֱߣֺȫڻϡ
ۡ͸ɨǹһܼ
һ꣬ͽ˻ɫ԰ףҡҡλΣȴЦ￴
ûô׵ؾܱɵҲԪӤʿˡ
Ҳʵ˲ƣڳļȻڵʿյĶȴԶ硣ֱ÷ѹƣ޷ͷƴ֮£һֹĴıˡ
һͬĻлŭ͡񱩣
𡭡ŭСٴϵķ鴫һ죬ͷȥǵѷһЩұӡڷеԪ񣬺ڴ
ʹһ֪򸾺صɱУʱڿ»õϢѾ𲻵κˣʱ嵽ǰǺ롣
ͻ䣬һĻѾ˳ĿŻˡ
˵ͫ׶ˡ
ղŻһԵսľʱȴ˵һ棬һ¾׳޴۵һڻϣҵĵ˼
һ亹ϽŻȥ
ӵİˡƷɡɲ˵һߴͷ˵ź׳һ߿Ը룬вǿһʱ侹Ȼԭء
ϾʵޣСһֱڰٻţγľĳ棬޷ȫ͸ֹĲ
ҡͷһϵĻʤȻڶ̶̵ļϢʱھͰ
ͷѾ׷ŭˣ˭ҶԸҪɱ˭˵УžԸġ
һİģֻ̾˹Ȼôġ
󣬿ʲôؼʱ̣ͶˣղΪҪƷ飬һֱûᶯ֡ڣܳŵסֻʣԼһˣٲ֣ǴҶꡣ
һ߸ߺţһ߽ǰһֱֱؾͳ˹ȥ
ȻϵӡһԪʹ
ûϣı˷Ȼ顣
бһ˿⣬һУֵط˻ͬʱķӡ˲⿪ڻϻʤһҵˡ
óޱȣ˶ɢŻ⡣
һΣûκ֣װڳһƴļơ
ٴηɻһ̣һעҵԵԵĴݺǰһӣǻνƣ˷ϡ
ꡭûϸ΢Ѿǧ֮õķ飬׵رһƿˡ
ƵĶȻûô׵رƿ֮ǰĿ񱩣Ѿ÷ܵ˴ˣټҵ𾢴߷ǻνƣԼ顣
һƣҲʹŻ뽫ٲκԼǾ޴ķաǷҲŻ
һССĺɫĶӷз˳
ͻȻһǺɫĶȻͳ˹ȥ
Ԫ񣬱ӡڷеԪǧԪֻˣ˷ܵĺţţצȥӭӡ
һ̣õĺУͻȻת˱ʡ
Ƹۣȵľһ̣ûԪɻȥһãֱӽǺɫԪˡ
ͱ뷨ҪԪ񡣻ʵ̫ǿˣȻղ˺˲ٴˣǶǱģû˵ĸǡ
ԪǽͲһˡʿԪܴˣҲ⣬Ȼֻһơ
Ҳƻ˺ܶ飬޷Ԥıʡ
ʾͳҲ֪ǻԪ̫ǿˣǧ겻ϵûؼҵ·ˣעҵĴ֮󣬾ȻûԪ񷴶˴֮С
˵˵ꡣָоԪԼ˴СڳҵĻУá
ɻͲˣԪԪҵˣ۵ֱӴӿеϵڵϴ
ĿĿĵͿȵĻ棬ɳ̲ӡˡ
һʺеʹֲϸӦ֮£ȻҲظӦڴеڻԪ
ͷһҵԪȥĲҺ
ˬˣͷЦԪȻҵ𣬵Ǳ֮󣬻뱾ȴܵ˺͸оԼס˻ˡ
ȫ׵׷ʲô£ֻ֪ʹƷ֮󣬻ͻȻʹޱȡ
ͻ䵽ɳ̲ϣʹ֮еĻ룬ȻǱ˹ȥ
Զĵսľ
֮ǻ棬ԲﷶΧڣ¶ȸߵˣʿҲ޷׿;Ȼֱֱ˹ȥ
źɫĹâһҫۣǻ룬һģģƽͣϸֱĻͿԿĳϵĺ⣬ҪȻϵɫ
ͱȥ˻㼱Ҫȫ֪Ҫʲô
һ֣ûô»Ļ桭Сӣ֮󵽵Щʲô
ꡢꡭͲȶŲ౻ڻɳ˻ǰͷɽ̸֮ɫޣס˶۾ȻͶһ
ֻͭ۾ͣǵĹֱ¶޵̬ſ׼
һۣеĻ𾢳ŻԪ񣬻ٴκŭ֪˻ǲ
ǿ壬һצȻԪյ£һʳĶѹ
ǰевڣĶޱȣ׵ؾͶ㿪ˡ
ٴεסӣջһΣͶ
ʵ˵ޣշɵӲԸɱˡޱϾޣշˣԼʵõĻԺҲ޷ѹסںе
ɱ᲻ãɱ⡣
ֻܻԼı֡


173 
ûֻ飬ʵжڹʲôС
ȻԪյ£ͷȻ˾˵ƻֱͶȥ硣
;վǰҲ㲻ˡ
ϣһ˲;ͱһ
ŭ¶˵οӵв͵ǣ֪ǰ˵³Ρ
ǳ˰֮ͻȻһֺֻݺһӣĽ͵ٴ¶˳
Ķ¶˾ģͷ޼շԼҲ޷ѹʱ϶ӣ̬Ǹ߰ģֻв˲
ԭ͵ڻϣôݺǰһͣ罣ⶼ˻С
رƤһ½еĽġ
ͰγԼķɽһεѪӳĴϵ䡣
ͷϹޱһ˶˿¶⣬һ߱ŭغţһȥ
˽Ӵһȴ
ܣʹһһҵŻԪһ߳˹ȥڻϣһץͷϵǣһֵŴƵ´ȥ
ȫۼ׼Ӳޱȣ֮ǰսУ˺֮ѾıˣʹľЩƬĵط
Ӱ˸ڵͣ·ɿԣȫǽͷܵģ̽ȥγٴ̽ȥٰγ
Ѫɽ
ͯƿڴɵƣѪƷҩ
˿Ҳһۣľս
Ĺ˵ô࣬Ψһһͷǰͷ޾ɵò״λᣬܳ׽룬ȵ֮󣬿»һս
ǳ׵ľˣԼΪĻϵʿκãʿλûܵ꣬Լצݸ޷ӳá
УѪԽԽ࣬ԽԽ˫е̬ȴû˿ı䣡
Ҳ֪˶ãͳ׼һᣬݺݵز˻벱һƬĵط͸ĺ﷭ţ忪ʼҡҡλˡ
Ѿûˣ̫Ѫ̫ľһ̸֮ɫޣҲϲԼĽ־Ȼôҡ
ڣֹͣ˶彩Ӳشӿ
ͶʱһѴγȴͻȻԼҲûˣŵϽС«óһѱ÷ɽ䵽ϡ
飡Ӵ䵽ϡ͸һƨڵϣڵشŴ
εսԼȻ˵ûоգҪֿˣͱȫά־еĻ𾢣˵Ҳһġ
˳ܣ벻֪ԼʲôطҲûӰֱ˵ϣŷǵ׺գͷһɡ
ڸɵˣֻǼڵʿȻɱһͷ룬˵ȥ˿϶Ϊڴţ
֪һսԼռĪıˡʱ򣬻ԪȻ˴Уò˵һɺϡǵʱԪˣͻ治֪Լûʤϣ
Ҳ֪˶ãһӲԶȫˡ
ɵˣĿɿڴ;Ϊˡ
ص˵ͷǳһ΢Цɵˡ
ѽöѪ˷˰ͯӰܵʬǰøƿӣ׼벱µ˿׼ʼѪ
Ҳ˹ȥֽγͣʹһ
һڨڨ֡
ᱻ˵ġԼ͸վͯӺ͡ĽѪ
˶һͯϵƿѹһѪûӵղսʱ򣬻ѪĴҷɣǵ֮ȴȻûһѪ
ϸȥʱ˺Ȼ֣һɹɰɫĶͨ벱ϵ˿ڣйţأɫԽԽԽԽޡ
⡭Ҳûԣʵ޷͵׷ʲô
ֹѪҺֳŮϸһ档˵ûղŴһûʲôǱһ֮ŷ֣ȻڻرСͷ·ʲôһ㡣
һ˲оЩëȻˡ
ɽ磬˻ûʲôɽ
ڻ벱ϵĴȻʼޱȵĴţţ·õ˼㡣
˺󣡡Ͳ֪ʲô£ϽԼһߵ˴ǰ֣ڴĽϡ
Сĵ㣡һᵽɤۡ
ԼȻ޷γԼķɽڸʬ壬ٲȻܵһ
һ죬͵˼ֶڲȻԼˣ
ˣʹŭΪһɽȻҷˣ⻰һһ¡
ɽʼǷɽôܽԼѵˣ
ôˣŵʵ
룡͵ģеһٴУɫˣϣʱ׼ٴοս
ţһĸͨͨ˵е㲻ˣȫǼģ˵Ԫ񣡱ȥˣ
Ҳֻͣ˵ΪʲôղŻὫԼ˻Ԫ񣬴ԡ
ִ󾪣ꣿ
˵εķɽڽзӡһ޵ĻǣӷɽɱӡĻǣǽꡣҶ֪ɽ磬˵εķɽ֮٣ܹӵнľ͸Ƿëˡ
ԭӡĻǣҪǿ󣬲ʸΪꡣ
͵ͯӵʱ򣬾ĻǷӡʹͯӱԣǲǿҲ̫Ǹûˡ
˭Ҳ޷һӵлĻΪķɽʲô
ⲻ԰ˣɽôѪأ
ӡҲͰˣ˭ҲûԷӡѪҺġ
û֪𰸣Ϊ˵Ҳ޴ӵ֪
ʱ֮ԭӴޱȵĻʬѾɺˣֻʣһƤңʬеһУȫˡ
˿̵ĴɽģҫۣɢȵĻϵŨ۶ܿ
һͷȦɵؿһĻҲڿ
Ȼ͸оë׶һɱԼˣһֱֱ̣س˹
Сģ󺰵
ڸоԵʱ;ˣȻԣɱϾ޷ͷ̫ǿɱУֻǵĴ̶ѡ
ƽס޵ķɽҲԪ񣡽⣡
ҵٴν⣬ͺĵع봿֮УڴڵĻԪһ˲䱻ʵʵ
زϺ˸òĺ֮


174 Ѱұ
˺ôһṦ򣬴һ˻𾢡
ˣܸоĵȻֻǶݵֻҪܿסԪ;зԶԼ
ŴȻ˼£Ͷʱһֲ̫һĸо
ʲôо˵ڵĴȻҪ֮ǰԣһЩͺǻһ
ϲյǿĽ꣡ǰϲһ֮Ҳæףء
ĽǼʡ
÷ɽû٣ýû͵Ļ˲ۺ졣
ͬϲͬϲЦ춼ϲ£ˣȻշ˽꣬ҹŻûѺܳһʱܳѹס
ǿ񱩵Ҫĥ͵Ĳٹ
ۺҲûáЦˣЩˣѹסԪǵõֽĻ»ᱻɡ
һ仰ˣûǸ꣬ͱǸ
ͯһĴȣյҪǧǰҿ϶շ
һƬЦ
ΣյѾȹȥˣߣȫͻƣʣµѰҲ̵ıˡ
֮ǵôһǰ顣
󣬾ѪһɶֻʣһƤҺ˶ͷ­ܹͯȥƤҼʱ򣬺Ȼһ
һȭͷСİɫӡ
ڵһʱ伤ˡ
ڵǸ󱦱
ͣǶͣЩȥɡûԥѵ˵
ǰǰֺͻͬģҲһԵͷ
æ֣ⲻСǰѶˣʵ˵ȥȻɱģɴҶˡ˵ѾշһǿĽ꣬ۼֵЩҪࡣ˵̫Сˡ
ҪʶȤҪзִ磬˵ȫ԰еĶΪУϾ׶ɱһ֮ңû˸޷룬˵ɱˡ
֪֪㳣֣һѰұأһƴ͵һս
ͣͱƴˡ͵ǴҸлľ֮ҲһȰ
ɫ˵޵ˡ
һǱεؽڵ
ĻǺڵĶȫˡ֪˶ѣ֮ûռ˵
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176 Ѱ
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177 Ԫһ
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Ȼû飬֮ǰ˵ҵµıġ
һԣһޣھеԼʱ
߸еĶ˵壬ȫͲ϶̶󷨵ĵã˵õͲ͵ڵõ̵ԴڡҪȻҲ˳ͶʵĴ㡣
ҲǸߵεĶ˼һҲС
Ҫʲô⡣΢Цؿʣµ˿˵ǰĻһŻԪһ裬һɡ׻ӣֺ塣Ѱ֮ãѾõǿĽͻڵڸǫһµʱˡ
ҲҪˡæ֣һҾʹˣһĻʵ̰á
ãֱͯĴָ㡣
ֶͷʶ㣬˵㻹ûЩɱ˫ۡͬǰƷȫ϶Щ
εԴҵǴҾȵãûǣڿ϶Ѿˡ
Щ⵽ô֣ͯӿˮˣÿҪ
͵һֻۣһ
̵ͯߵǰãųޱȵУһǷ֣һɡͯӻͷͿţ˵ĸã
Ҫ㣬ͻѡ֡ǿķǹӦò᲻֪˵
Ǿˣͯӽɡ£ȡ֣ƨߵߵܵһоȥˡ
أͻͷһ۽
ջĿ⣬ָԼҲзݣ
ȻзݡЦˡ
಻˼ɫˣȵһС
л⣬ǰȥԪһ˳ϵҲµûӦ¸鵤ôҲķΪػôõĶ³֮һʾûУҲ̫ˡңҪö鵤ͻΪƿӦҲԤϵ顣
Ԫһ˵ǺöɴҶûҪѡϾΪֶͨáɺñͲһˣǿĶ
ллЩϿޱȵصл
Ҳšֽ׻ȡ˹ݵϡ
ϽˣⲻУⲻУÿֻѡһģΥԭ򡣡
˵ʹ˽ĻԺҪһȥģڵΪûһ÷ֻǵĺȡֻԼʵҲӴҵʵô
˵ĲͷҪԺΣգҲԸӵҲ̫İΣ
ˣǶǺ˰
ٻͷȥ߸ֻʣˣҲֻһûѡ񣬵˵ҪЩԷֻţԼڵҵϴȰƷңڻлԪ
ֻһˣǾѡˡǰɡ˳ûͶС«
ۼֵ˵ĵõȻصĶξɡˡǾƷ֮ףһǷΪѵãɷⶫȻ˶죬ڲͬϷӳþͲͬ
ͣ˼ԺܵʱôЦšɡһŮõ⣬һڴܵʱˣ϶ҪЦһȺˡ
ɲǸԼ׼ġҲЦˡ
һô죿ЩŪΪʲôһƷɷµذڷͯɻʵ
ҲȥøСá
ѾһķˣֻƷײ߶ѡȻֻƷ룬̵ѱط϶û뵽ǻôƽ˱ЩԼõġ
ȷʵֵ˵ͷ
ҵҲߵ
һǷӲ̫ãʹأ˵⻰ʱǻɱЩ󷨡
˵Ҳ
ר񣬶Ȼ档Ϊߣҹ㲼õüΡͿ϶˵µĶûнġ
ҿҵġϽǰ˹ָϣ΢΢һζֶˡ


180 ֮
Դϲ˵ÿ˶õԼҪķͯӣϰȦСķ֣һİ֡
ÿһԵķԼԣʿڵõ֮󣬶뻨ѴʱϤںǣڴзӷ̣ͱʿǳ֮Ϊ
رЩƷʵķĻ޷ʹáҲԼİǣʿ޷ӦԼֻѡԼȥӦǡǵƢ߷ϣ̶ȵķӷܡ
ڴֻһ뷨ǾǸϽҵطõķҲȲһµ󷨣͸˵еĻԪ񻹲ȣҲúķѴʱѹƣԼ
ߣȥһ䡣һ֣˳ȥ
ԼµûһӦ̴ĵط̼Ȼĵطѡǣ϶ʲô˵һҲȥǸ
ƿǵŵʱվһƱ˵һȫ𾪵Ŵ͡
һɹŨĲ񻰵ڷӵӭͳ˹һƵأǻ졣
һƬɫĹâһͶһȻû䵽ж
͸Ͻкˣȵȫ֮󣬸ϽŹϣй¶ֹͣӿ
ҵ죡̰غڵĿ鲻Խһ
Ҳһ˷ĪҲǣƤڳ
ʧ̬ûбԭʵ̫ԣˡɫĹâʲôرĶڣŨһ̶ڿγɵġ
˵嵽ж谭˵ߣʶҲ޷̽ȥȥȻӵı߽߱ǽǡ
ͯӳˡ
ҲֻڣôԣۼֱѳŨȵ֮£ٶȿ϶ʮࡣ
񣡡ҡҡͷº͵ģôĶ
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󷨡ն˵ŸոյõͲмأС϶󷨣Сϵӿ󡣡
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кôл鿴һͲؿڽ͵ôԶ׼ģĻٶҪܶܶࡣ
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޷ܾáͯһۣСѾ̸ˣڵǴСġһʱ֮ͻԽԽ٣ձɺһ
һʱеʧ̶ֳȵһֱڵĻҴһֱ
Ҳֱף뿪ˡ
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ǰһ׼ȥ濴һءڶ͡
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Ȼʲô
һУԭԼ˵ģҲ˵ġЩڣȫǸϷˡ
ʱһҿǣ
ǻѣû뵽㣬ףʼʿĵ׾ûԼ̵ĺˡ
ŸɶϽҵطһŻʹ˳ȥ
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˼óԪһ裬Сʵ֣ⶫôã
һȥҲûԹôߵ⡣
ܣˡ
ǰɡ̼Ȼûʲôر˵ǾֻȥˡƲ
˵е
ģҸ㻤Ц˽ǰ
òáæֻ֣ǳԣϽõʱ⡣
ҲҪЩҪһֶͰο
Ǿˡж˵漴˫ۣ
ͶŽϵף˵ͷ׻̵Ļһʱ䣬ûе»Ԫһ裬ȵϢ
ȷģﵽҵľʱ򣬳ҩ跢ӵЧ϶ҪһЩ


181 
ʱһΣѾȥˡ
ʵֳ˲СĶ൱ңȫǱӿȥԭ׼ú˲ò˷䡣
ԪһĹЧȻûдôǿ󣬿Ҳȷʵˡ
ǧ꣬ſﵽ壬ʼ޷ͻƽڵƿԪһһãϢ˰֮˷Ѿ˽Ϊ
ôֻ㣬ˣԪһʵʵظһڵٶҲ
ҲǳлѰٵԣĳĵʱĻҪޣ˵Ϊವ쭣ֱӱĵͣ
ţٸһʱĻǾԿͻ֮ɽ𵤡
ξСһΪԭ֮ߵģڽҲСֻȻ򸾰ôһء
⼸ΪʣµȻҲͯӺƵ
Ǹ⣬Դӽһ֮ԼĹһֱ޷ټȥȻΪһֱǣɰҵӣʵȴڸ߸ͽ
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͵ԤƵĲ࣬һҵʵѾ֮ͨ󣬼˺ܾõĽڴһ˿˿͵ĸо
һ˲䣬еʼ仯ˡ
ǽرһţٵתţ׳󡢳ʵԼ֮£ڵͷ·һݡ
յԽ࣬תԽҲԽʵԽ档
գڵʵһ̶ֹ֮ͣתҺ̬˷츲صı仯һ˲һССĵ衣Ӷеضɽҡ
𵤣ʿı־
ԱļѾľˡУѾڵʿͲ˵ˣǷ˻ԪһԵʣΪ͵˽ڵıԵ
͵ΪǴġ
һ㣡˰֮һ㣬û˿ı仯
գ֮䣬һΪôĵڣ벻ףɶҲܲ²⵽ҵйϵ
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ѳɣȻæء
͹ԼҪܳһʱͣڽһˡ
̫齣ʵǸޱȵĹȻҪͨڵĽȻؼʵͨĽ֮ΪȻȥʱڣʲôΪ
С«ռҵѾȫûˡҲζͻóȥٴѰЩҵ
ͷ۵ĺܣҵһ־ͺѵˣÿһζһ֡ò˵ʵһһĹ
ʱ䣬ڴͬʱҲڼںԼõķڣҲںϵĲˡ
С֮ϣһ֮ԶԶش˹Ƭ̣ʱ߾ȻźӲӵĻ⣬ȵɽ֮ͯӺȻվڻ֮ϡ
֣ͯӵѡķʹ֮ʱз֮˷УһӴĹԷֲѪ֮ƶɣб͵Ļ𾢺ͷ羢Ҳ׽¡
Сƨð߸ôվڵЦš
ͯӿֱЦͣ˰УֻĹѾӲŷ֣һ˦һ˦ģⶫ̫ˡ
ֳ׻ӣݵվԼķɽϣͯӺСһС
ͯ˿壬Խ˹ָ
ٺһЦ׻һһ׻ϴһ̣һҪֵ֮ߣѸٳͯϮ˹ȥ
ͯСһ˦һֵתų˳ȥô֮ϣһҫ۵Ĺâ֣ʧҲķ˻ȥ
Ҳ֣վɴһҷ
Ѹٱ󣬳ͯӺͽȥʱؼˡǰڰٻŵʱѧĶ࣬ʹҲԼġֶָڵȻ˵ȫӳٱǰҪࡣ
Ա߿һ𽽣кһ˫ϲСӣ
ЦһϷؼ


182 
Ҳذѻ򸾿ţ˵ǰʱ˵ͳѾܹϲ˫ʩչʱҲæԼ飬ۼ⻹ͷһΡ
Ϸ˫ңӦһ㣬ͳϷɵʱ򣬾ͿʼѸٵؽŷ
˵ķѸޱȣ˿ۻңȴط֣˽ӡٶȺƵʣڶ̶̵ƬʱڣȻﵽͳһĽࡣ
ǷǳѶȵ飬Ҳֻͨ˫޷ޣ˴˶ԶԷ൱˽⣬پǧٴεļ飬̶ֳȡ
һУһ쳹һ̣;ͷҰͻȻһһâ
ֺͻ˽һѸٿ쵽˿ֻâĴߡ
âٶ֮ͣ˶¶˳Ե̬һμ͸Ŵ͡
˿̣ȻգŵɫӳǱߣһֻ̳ɫ򣬶Ǳߣȴһֻɫĳ
ֻ޴ĳ򽫻˽ܵһԶԶȥͬǴ˵еı˫һĿˡ
һϵķɽͬʱЦˡ
ͯӡͽ֪ʲôʱѾվͬһսϣͯСһӣȷųһֻ֣ȵסǣ
˵׻͵һ绩ͳǳ˹ȥСӻǺޱȵظߺһҷ
仰ΪĿͷһҪʱƱػôһ䡣
ַЦһۣ漴ɫҫ۹âͯ˷˹
һӿдգ۵Ƭʱ䣬ͯȺųֶֻ˻׻Ҳ޹Ǳԭ͡
ȴҲòٶ˻ȥôõĶǰƷϵĹ߿ɲôͻƵġ
ԹԣͿİզ̶̵࣬Ľ棬ƽɫȴطһ⡣
ߵʵǲԵȵġȲ˵нΪˣͯӺΪҲȴֻѣӲƴ֮£ǾȻ˵ĹȫƴȫǷ
Ϸ˫ɽȻ˵ãŻ˵ʵûȫӳ˫ɽϲ֮϶ֹôɫ
ԽԽˡͯӶԻ޳һ
Ҳǫ
ôǾôȻؿˣһЦ˵ͷ
һĺգʱһֱæѹԪһֱûôȻʱֵĺܣҲ֪ҵʲô
ҽܿ죡
һ⡣ͳ˼Ƭ̣ǾԼķָ˵
ʲô⣿
Ϳ΢Цϡ
ңȻ
ȻҪǶԼ˵ģԵ˿ɲˡĳ˵ÿμʱ򣬶һⲻڸôȥԿԼ
ϰˡ˼Դ
ôһ˵ҲСÿζˡҲԱ͵ͷ
Ǹúʲôĵʵ
͸뿪˵ϵ΢ЦͻȻת𾪵ɫһɽ
Ǹ֣ͼǺġ
ڳĶ֮ˣɽ磬еֻǷɽûӵйʲôɽ˿һޱȣϽʾķš
أأͯ۾ˣëûһ
ȵ˻عɻذŵʱ򣬶ʱЦˡ
͵Ĵ˿Ѿĺϡ
ɰ޳ܰͯӽţһ˲䶼͵ʲô˼ˡ
֪úʲô˰ɣջشͨ˵
ҪˣûôɵϵɣЦĻ֦չ
Ǿ͵ÿԼıˣؼľǱ飬һ棬ƭԼ֡
æͷ
ͣôܳˣɻʵ
Ӧǽ갲ˡϵĴ
ʵҲȷʵˣԪޱȣΪϹޣǸ߰ĺܣȻ˴֮УͻǺķ˰ʱŽѹƳɹӽԺ󣬻ԪĴˡ
ôоǸӣûʲô仯ͯ⡣
ɹǳɹҲ׻ʲô仯ҲͰ˼飬˵һԵķɽշһ꣬ƷȻͻɴûУǸǰһ
ҡջԪʱһĻʼ͵ԺУǾǴһ˽ȥ
ʩչһο֪ˡҲڴ


183 
ͱ˭ڴڵı֣Ҳûƴǡ
ʹ֮䣬ܵϵţڵĻԪ·֪ҪʲôƵأһʱ˷ܼޱȡ
ӡڴ֮еӣɰѻﻵˡǹ°öޣڲûҪľһɽ֮Уʱ˵ôãһ֪ԼԳȥˡ
ӡ˽ķ൱ԵģҲ⣬Ͼʶġ
ͻûʲôѾˡ
ȥʹһ⣬дһףѸٻ⣬֮ٶȣͷϷš
нûǲһŴԼûпȴһƤĺӣڷȥٶȣƣ֮ǰԼĻҪ
õĽ껹ԾҲվ˵޶Σ˵ʲôʱ͵ϮԼ֪귢ˣʱ򣬸ΣĽпԶ
ʲôͨʩչͯӸоܲ񫣬æе
ͽʲôͨԼ֪ûõԼ֮ǰǲ̫̫Ķġ
Ӧ֮£·еԾԾԣûõ͵ָ֮ǰҲֻϿٵطš
΢΢ЦЦԷ˶ԽѹƣջԼʶ
һ˲䣬ٷתĴͣһҫ۵ĻӴϱҫ۾ǻԽһ˵սľѹȻŻҲ˶ޱȡ
֮䣬ֻеĴ˾޴ı仯ֻһɽĴȻŤ졢
Ͳ˿иܵعעŴڵĸı䡣
ȵ͵ĻֹͣʱһӴѹѾȫԺ޵Ϣѹͷϡ
𣡡һŭ֮ӻд˳ɢ˿崿ڵı仯֮һʱȫסˡ
ȻȻһֻ룡
֮ǰֻһģһ˵ʲôͬĻǾֻǣȫɷĽ⹹ɵģΧƯۼƤëǰɫĪ塣
⡭ԱĿ࣬ҲϽͿţһģ
¡Ͱ˰֣Ȼ֮ǰһǽꡣ
Ҳ˵Ϳƣһŷ
𣡡ȻվڿУ˦˦Ӵͷ­ֻע͵ʱŸһ˿ֺõɫ
Ͷ֣ĲѸٷվߣһҡͷβ
˱ϵȶȿܲˣ׷ùֿһĻæûϵ
﷨һ֪Ǹʮ޼ʵؿͣ˵˵Ƿɶ£
Ҳ̫룬о֮ǰûκα仯ǴУ̬һͷϹŵĺޡ
ӵĴզˣͱԹ˸죬һߺƢô󣡡
ͯӶԻϲĪ͵͵Ƶ棬һѡϻûһ˦βͣͯɨ˳ȥ
æ𣬻ִ˸죬̬߰㡣
ûû£õȺᡣͯһ˻óΪ֮󣬻뻹Ǻзִġ
Ǵ仯ɵġָпޱȣǵõ˸һɶô
Ȼǵãɻľ㣬Ȼˣʵڷ˼
ǻǱǴϵǣȴǴĽ⹹ɣƤңû´ӦҲǴɵġ
ڵƤҺе㲻ֳͬɫ𾢵Ĵһģһ
ֵƶϸĲֻ࣬ǴĥҲûŪףúõһ꣬ôʵ廯ˡеս˼ʶζôҲ۽硣
ôһҲɰǰͷ޴ĺ޵
ˣæͺһйԼͷĲ
һƢе㱩˻һţתצš
ҪɶȻؿŻ롣
Լͨ뷨Ҳףʹ˰ΣŴС«óһҪʲô
ϵģǻڵ
ûŪ׻ʵ뷨ѾſѪڣһ̵ϵڵһȥɴޱȡ
գˣǿһֻڵ


184 뿪
ڵĻٶȷ˱仯ԭ˶ޱȵȻѸٵСֱɰƴֹͣ
˿Ŀɿڴ
𣡡ƴĻ뷢ŭôֻСȣֺǰ˻Ρ
ۣÿɰһ˲ĸԷˣ͸һֻСèһ
˵òէһȫһֻն̵Сè
ͯӶӣ԰Իұ
һۣߵǰ͵һվͼϷ
յĻˣͯӿˡ
ҲЦúϲ£죺ôڵͿɱ仯Сˣ
ԭĻûݱ£ǽ꣬ȷʵԳƶϡ
ҪһֱӵĴô죿ܸܵڵ⣬ǲٱɴˣ̬еġ
ͷ͵գġ
ˣʱɣҪǴܵʱ͵ùԹֵ˵š
ͻе㷸ѣշΪǺ£Ժ˴ܣһ½ͷų˿϶ҪܵġڻܱСһ鷳˾ԲһССĶʱͿԴ䲻ˡ
ϲġ
ңӣӦҲϲ
ͽܣ;е㽹СϲʶŲϬʯ·ҲʧȥáǰԼȻһ𣬿ɶϬʯΪ˼ͨһС֮ϬʯҲû𶯹ԼϵҲϵ
ⶼʱȥˣ϶СӸˡ
תͷ˿ˣͿڵҲ뿪ˡ
ʱ˲˸ԵķҲĵĲ࣬ڵŨȣ漸ûʲôҲò̫ĺô
ҪôΪޱȺ档
Ҳʱ뿪ˡ˵ͷ
ٻŶһֱܽǣǰɽͻȻɱɢޣԼѹĴ£ЮԼıӣǸǲ֪ȥʲôطȻʧһ˲䣬տһ·ɵĴţɴǱҲ֪
ʱȥˣԽԽţԶӸǸͽĶԹԲԼĶӵġ
ʹĪڰ׷ͺڷˣշģ׷ĺǣҲҪǰɢ޸ץȻʬΣΪԼĶһѩޣ
һֱ͵ʧĵطţߴŰٻپӢ
Ӧһ󷨣ֻҪ󷨣ԼͿҵˣնеʶۺǰɢǰǰı֣еóۡо˰ʱ䣬ʼղҪ졣
ĪһؿλݵĶϣɥ֮ʹѾʧȥǣڵոһûʲô
ʧȥǣô˵ҲΪһˣĪҲֻңٻŵĻɽʥҲӰŷһҪ׷
Īµ˿е̲ݣ˷ʱ䣬ȥĪѾ壬⼸ԽԽеҪᵤĸоˣܸܿԼܴš
ϸ룬Ī׼ȥո٣ѰһĻȴɵһ̡
ϣӽյԪɢнᵤףǷӻɽҾĪǰȥڳһ̬Сʵ
ջתͷ۾Ǻģ𵤽𵤣ӵĶӶˣ㻹ᵤҲǰСӣ˭Ҳߣ
Īɫ˱䣬Լô˵ҲǴµӣǰٻŶӵĴʦ֣ƽŶԼҲºһҪ´Ӱ˵ƣھȻ˲Īʱôѷ衣
뿪缸䣬ǱͻȻҴҵһٻŵӣϣϣˣˡ
ʲôôС֣ŭһ
ǱƾճһĴšæԼ·֡
ʲôվһ漴ЦǰСӣǣҿܡ
һ˵ţһ߼ҴҵǱ߳˹ȥ
Īתͷ룬Ҳ˹ȥ
ǰ˵ʵʶΪһȽϵͣǹֶκܹ죬ҲСϴΰٻʧΪϺŶѹƻ룬µ̫ɢǵ˱ˡ
һβһˣȲ˵߲ʿ򣬵ǰٻŵپͲǳˡңԵĻĪŲκһˡ


185 ɱ
ʹ˴Ų󷨣뿪С֮ʱʵԼ²ûж롣
ֻص˰ٻŵĵ̣Ǻɽڵĵط
Ψһе㲻ͬǣ⸽мٸʿԼһȺ˻ĥ
ٻŵĵҲطѰ˰ʱ䣬Ҳ˷˰ʱ䣬ò׵ڳˣڵǾϲǼҪȶϵЩͲżһˡ
͵ʵ·Ϊ̣ȻὫЩֻΪİٻŵǷУҵЩ·ܵ뷨
ܸܵ˵ͼһװװƣȴסֻͣصؽ˼
һȺֻн˽ĶԹŤͷһȦŶ͵ԹԣЩʶôǲӭǵģ
ˣȻӭǵģЦˡ
һ߲Ա˵һ˵ţһ߻ĵԼ߲Щʲô
ԶһǰһسѸٷȵɵĽˣͲſվڽŤ
˻ûһѾˣͽֻ㣬һȥˣ
Цӻͳö鵤ףѾˣ
һ˲׻ɫøȻܲ²⵽ԼӵĽ֣лǱһ˿˿ڴģڴͶҽһڣȴһѾˣޱȲ̵ķʽҲζԼı
ھͳһѽһö鵤Уһȥ
Ҫŭһ߲ΪҲģŭһĿֱָš
ȫƴļƣԽ߲ΪŶûܽסһ
һҶ㣡
ȫû뵽ǣǰоȻ˽סĹһѴ֮
ؼʱ̣ˡ
ǲ˽⣬ɵϣ˵ɫ֪϶ôˣЩ˲͵ѣǵˡ
һ֣Ͻ׻ӣһ¡һ죬һ̣һؾչ˹ȥ
ͷȻ֮²òջԼĹ˺ôһŻ׻ӵĹ
Ϸ棡Ȼգؿա
㣿һɨʱȻˡһѰ׺еɷǵ˾ȻнΪ
ĳģǰûֻнΪûʲôؼǷտȷǿͷ׵ķǸûɫ
һۣյɴָͣ㡭㡭
ٻŶϡ㡱˰Ҳû㡱ȻʵԼͷҲɻ󲻽⡣
ûǴĻǰСӵΪһ㣬İ겻𵤶ˣĪԼǴˣǰǽһΪʵôܽչô죿
ûʱϻһĽۿնԼ¶֣ɻĵͷѾչ˹
¡¡¡׻ӵĹƺƴÿһײᷢľ죬˶Ĥһ磬˦βͳմ˹ȥ
׻ǽ߲Ϊʿһƾ֪ǣϽâ
ͷĶ϶˼Ҵˣİٻŵӻʲô˵ģɣ
꣡俴һ۴ԼĽ꣬һУŰٰ㲻Ըػɴԭģ
ԸС飬Ҫõ롣
˵ýҲҪɱˡһϵ𽽣ӭͳ˵ȺУϽϡ
Ʒɽ㲻ϲ԰ٻŵĵ˵Ҳ쳣ֲģЩӲϵķֻǱһƳˣĻ˷˾Ļ裬赸趯䣬ÿÿУҽڶٻŵĵͬһ㣬ˢˢص¡
ͯʱҲʹˮľ޵ѴͬʱϺȻǳ⻹û꣬ͯӽ²֣ڰٻŵͷϷȥʱʱ׳һȥЩֻҪУϵ·Ƥ⣬ͻڻһƬ״Ҳ̶ã
ͰǰȣֳϺ÷˶ٻŵĵӣ潻£ҲһߵǷܣȻ˵ʵҲѲϵ
ǱûڳһСŮҵ̬ӵؿսеĲɱ
һЩٻŵŤͷһÿӣϽڵس˹
ҪҲǺǵġ԰Ͼŵı飬һٸåһ̬
İٻŵͷϲڴһʵȽˡ


186 ÷÷
ʮӵİٻŵǰӵǰֺس˹
̬ӱˣǴſǻǱߺǣҪ
ٻŵĵԸܵĸˡ
ɵЩ˽ǰʮ׾ʱȻֻǰһԭֿɵõȻһ˲ԼԶ
ô£ٻŵڵӰ˼⡣
ﶼ˵ҪҪˡЦţԼָϣֲƫҪִ򣡡
填ζЩٻŵֻܵĳͻȻأԭϤĲľȫʧΧͬ͵Ҳûˣȡ֮һƬƬޣ·ֻʣԼƵأ˿ֻֻʱ޿̵ڳĤ
ã󣡡һٻŵӴһԼ˵ˡ
̫ˣһ˦ԼԼõ󷨻Ҷĵɱ֡
ҽûֹͣڻеĵ˸֪ǴʲôطǵǸоʹʱѾˡ
ʮˣѴ֮ͽǽˡʱֹͣζ壬дΪ⡣
һٵ󷨣ȻǺ죬ҲҪϲ󷢻ӻĹЧһսȴ˵󷨵ĸ߶ˡ
߸ս꣬ǱڻսٻŵҲͬүһ㣬ȿֺӴš
ԭͻȻֵΪȷʵߣϵķֲ̫ˡ
ֻ͵ķɽһһ׼Щٻŵ˸޷赲Ľ棬ֻһЩԵķ΢һ¶ѡ
ͯӻŷĴƣ˭ˬͶһȥðٻڶӿ޵⻹ϺһҲȥǽٻŵҳǽǸȥ
ĪǸԶˣ˫սһʼע⵽ϵķ֮ˣûóʵֻվͬʦֵм䣬ʱʱμУӡ
һսϵľƣĪľǾ¡
ľǶԷֻ˶ѣȻٻż˴ɾ⻹ǰٻŵľӢôôоݲ
µԼ᲻ҵ
ĪҪɽˣԼѰɵ·һɲ
תתĪдСžš
Īܵ뷨
֮ĪսȦӣͬʱǱڽոߺһϣȥźλϣ֧Ƭ̡
˵ҲʲôӦˡ
ܣͯЦţŷ־׷˹ȥ
֮Īϣֻͬ
ˣĪٹ˲࣬ϽҧԼ⣬һھѪԼķɽϣɽʱâʤٶȻ졣
ܵôͯĪ󿩿ֱЦСһ˦һˢؾͷ˳ȥ
ִȵĸº֮Ʋɵ
ܵΣգĪٵ˷ӦִһֵֹϮͬʱһԲ״ķԷΪԼӵʱ䡣
ĪķȻƷߣɺôҲģҲеֻҪһʱ䣬ԼڵٶȣӦܵõ
Īʧˣֻһžը죬еȫȻִһѵĪؿһۣڵԪҲʼɢ
Ī̲סŤͷȥֻȻһĻ
ԼķȻ׵ػƬһ̣۾͵Բˣָպϡ
á÷ˣĪһԣͷ­˲䱻ִûˡ
ͯջط֣תɱ˻ȥĿֱָںͽ򶷵նϡ
ȻнΪʵҪߣ׻ıҲմĲ¡
ϷˣԽԽǷ꣬Χһжûӹ۾֪ȥĻԼӮˣֻҪ˽ٻŵĵӣʱԼʵȻǿҲֻеķݡ
һСëм÷͸ٻҰŭȵʵ̫۸ˣΪʲôԼûôõķ
ϷͱڻҪҳΪСëҲŭˣ׻ʹײţ಻粼һסȫ£ղӲӣֻܱâ
ڣҲˣԼʵ˵ΪӱҪپػԼ
Ĺ֮նԽëҵţȥȡ÷ٺ
һ˦㣡
մϲϽɽŴȥ


187 ǰ
һ磬˵˽ĵĶթֻһ仰ؿܵˡ
˻عʱֳĻյӰӣ
мˡǰĽļ
㵵ʲôˣ
Ķָȥȡʲô÷ҪôȥҪôˡַ
һĴȣϲôôҪ
ЦѣûˣҪʲô
ȥ׷߷߲ѡ
׷ˡŴ˹㡣
սڣٻŵĵ˵ˣʣµҲǸεѣдʦĪڸʵǿĶҲˣǸս׷̽Ĵɢ
ͯӲŷ׷ɱ˼֮Ҳò˻
ҪҪȥǣͯΨ²ңͷһ·Ȼе㲻԰Ρ
ͷͰһۣ˼ҰٻŵɽţóȻȥ֪ʲôԸǡһ겻ٻеŵġ˵ˣĸǽϵΪҲ鷳
ô죿
ܣҲߡͽøɾϾħɣǿ϶׷ǵģң׷ɱҲ١
Ǿ߰ɣҲˣаֹЦš
ʵ͵Ĳ²⣬Ҳ֪ٻŵ˱˻ǹ˼Լħ˵ݣյ߳ɽһﷶΧ֮ⶼû׷
ȵҵ԰ȫĵط֮ͲŤͷʵ׼ȥʲôط
֪ʼ
ɢһ޶ĴˣҵʵӵгԣĵطٳԼĶͱ˵ϽƬط
Ҹ㡣һ˦
ҪϽһˡü˵ôʱûСӵϢҲ֪ôˡ
Ǿһ𶼹ȥĶҲ㹻ôˡ
ððȥءҲһ͵ͷܵĻҲҪǱ߿һ
Ȼô飬ǾһȥҲֻܵͷ
ҪǾϽɺˣôˡһ˷ܵ
˿һۣЦ
ЦʲôԴɻʵ
ɢޣϰ޾ɶ˵ʡͽ͵
ǵĹһ·ҲͬҪǿɣضҪѡȡӣʱ˭ĹءҲһ˵
һе㲻ϰɢݡޱȡ
ϰˡ
ٴϽȥʱ̲סóϬʯʶһϢ
˲Ϣʱ䣬ϬʯȻҵ
ʹϲϽϬʯдϢ
ʦô
ųˣǸСϬʯãͲһҡ
ȥˣôһϢûУŵг˵Ǻ͸ء
Ҳ֪ģǵطϬʯáھ㡣͸Ͻص
ҲϽˡϢʹʧɫ
ŵͣ·еĲҲòֵͣؿôˣ
СѾͷϽܳˡɫЩ׵ؿŻ㡣
ʲôҲһ
ԭĶˣľ֮òֻ»һ¥ҪûϽƵıаħĻǺˡ
ʲôطȥߴٵ
һ֪СڰϽеȵĽΪҲͻƵˣܳϽѰ͵䣬˿̣ھ֮ء
ӦòҪ߻һ˱Ұο
ʵСôҲнΪ¾Ų£ƭ˻֪
ǰϽĴʹ˸ǳ˲òı䷽򳯾ȥ
еͬʱϬʯźһͨѵСҲֻǲͣصǸʦҴˣ´Ҳˡ
ƵʹǳԲŭҲɢ˲١
СӵΪչô죬Ҳ׼ϾеؽıŵҲҪûΪǹ¡
ʦʮǰ﷢һɫɢ黨ٿҪˣʲôŴߴٵ
ɫɢ㣿Ͳʵʲôζ
е㡣ҵʮҪҪժ
ǲкɫ·
ѽ
ΧƬꣿ
ô֪ģ
ҹʹϲ


188 Ѫ߲
ۿһϲõģ̲סҪȥͽܣҲЦôİɣ
æ֣ΪСӷһö
ʲôæʵ
һ߳ǰţһɨһۣ˵Ѫ߲
ʶȽ٣û֮⣬ʣµ˾ǳһ
һĴȣյǺö
Ѫ߲һݵ֣ƻԪһϡ
ǰ˲ڲ̵ĶѰҵһöԪһ裬ö鵤ѾˣΪֱ㡣
Ԫһ֮ɽҪԭѪ߲ʧˡβ˲ŵû䡣
Ѫ߲ĵҪЩʲô˲֪ǧʿǲϵĲժ̽ݻѾ
Ѫ߲Ȼֻһϣɼ㲻ƣֱӷõĻʿΪҲкܴİ԰ʿͻеƿԴﵽһ¥Ŀġ
ϽдýһܳһȦȻıҲֻܸ̾Сõ˼㡣
пп͵ٶȴԽԽ졣
ݳ죬һЩףѪ߲С
ϽдӻشǸŮġݱмأѪ߲֮ʱپ㿪Բʮڻ˳ζ
Щζ÷ŵˣǻûʲô
һʿǷֶߣƱػѰͷʱҵǱߣѱһЩ챦ʹɱ֮ˡ
ãŵѪ߲컹ܳ죬졣㹻ԼϵǱˡ
һϬʯϵעһܵһƴسȥ
ɿˡ
͵ٶȱͿûףշ˽꣬ȫʩչ֮£ٶȸ˸еԱ
ͯӸ޻ãֺϷ˫ٶҲǿܸϣںߺȵǣ
֮£ֻͣתͷȹȥɡ
ҲС㿴ź۵ļ˵ͷ
Ÿ˵꣬վڴϵѾһವʧˡ
һŵĺˮСӸղŵٶȻûޣ
Ǹͷ⣬ȻɵĿˡп
ϺȵĹ˼ɣҲ˲ʲôףʹش߶ԪʹŴָʾķȥ
֮ڶһʱ߻ľףɵľеƲͳͳնΡ
ϣһ֮ڵִ˾
ԶԶϿȥһǧĴӽ˵г룬һһ㴨Ϣ
ٴóϬʯȷλ֮תȥ
Сʱ󣬵ᵽһζ֪֮ԼѾŲԶˡңѪ߲ӦҲ졣
лһȦ֮ڷŵĺۼСվһһϺޱľ׮һŮˣǰ겻ı
ϵأȻֹһˣһ˵ĴڣվŵĶ棬ԶҲܿǵ۾ֱضŵϼѪ߲
иƤŮˣۣһ֮¾Ȼе졣
ǰеһ˺ڶ˵ЩʲôСʼղ˵ֻǵͷҡͷ
СѾͷͼæųԿ
ŻһŤͷҿڷ͵ĺۼæС鲽˹Զ;Ϳ˫ۺͨͨģһί·۸ı顣
ʹŭǲǰ۸ˣ
ҡͷ᲻ȴųһ΢Цʦ
һĺͷһԭ׼ѵСܳĻҲȥ
Ťͷ˱һۣͶʱ棬ڵıϾȻбˣ·Լ΢Цһ£ǵԼ
ʱĺòûһ
ãźֱҡҡͷ
æ⣺˸ɶģ
ɽأʦС˫ǳݵĿ⡣
ɽĳʿܾʲôϲɽˡбЩһۣøһ˫Ŀһ
Ϳ˵ݵʱ򣬲һӡ
գ绹СҲǸŮׯһȽ϶ѣȻɻ˵ζ
ͿĵһۣԺеӡǰףŮ˰׵Ʋʣһ·ܰƤơ
⻹ûʲôؼϵ
ȻƣλϽ͹黹ͲҪ̵ĻشȵŮˡ
һ֪ҪˣԼ⼸öƳģһֱߵıѱ²ʲôˡ
˫Ŀгɻ󡢾ȣһŭ


189 
ʦͻȻקһ͵䣬ʹյ˵ղǸɽ˵ҪƷҷֵǿŲأǻ
СͶе㷢գŤͷһۣƨ
Ʒŵ۾ֱð⣬ŲôֵǮô
ֵֹǮֱֵ̫ǮˣƷ뻻Ҫ㡣͵
ʿڴŲߵض˶ţ͵ĻŲɵġãղûŴӦˡ
λСѣ˵Żǰ߳һЦеع˹֣ɽͨϣСѹգ
ʹʮͽš
ȻںͶɽ˵ȴеԾ
ɽô˵ҲŴɣ֮·ĴϣֱϣϣͨϣɵµϡÿְλͬҲһ֪һ㸺ɵķ񣬻ڵӵְλ𴫹ƹɽؼɵµǸɽӵƷйƷͷԼɽճĹ
ǰλͨĳϸڸѼɽ鱨άɽɵĹϵ
ﲻһλɽĳϣͨĳϣһλشȵĳһⲻ˸
ѵɽʲô£
ԭСѡԳϣϹźƵ΢Ц֪Сʦкδ
ʦɣѧɲšͰȻ
ϲɳһ´һۣȻǸ˲ţ
ɢҪﵽΪҲûУȴǺѵ顣ϳɽ߶Ҳɢޣȴûڵɢޡ
עλԳ϶ԼĳƺѾСת˵ѡϳɾϵ۹ⶾĺܡ
ᣬнΪ˸ͽܡҲǧǰǰеһԱ
Ҳʶ֮ˡתָ꼴Ѫ߲ݵļֵҾͲ˵ˡֻǸʵܷøĳ
Ѫ߲ͰҲûд˭֡ô˵ҲȷֵġɽŴɣǿġҲ֪»ԲŻֱƹš
ãնؾܾЦǿģҪΪһӬͷСóȥĻԴıżй
¶أ˵ôƲŶׯĲϵı˳Цеؿ͡
ŮˡܸоеΡԼˣϵжϴһգʵǺܲµΪ
ǣΣɲ͵ѡ
˵þͲãûѡءҩԼҲ;ͼܾ
ѣһСͽǿҪͻƽΪģǰǰȴͻȻ⣬Ҫҩ鵤ҲͿԳȫԸˡӵ֮ԸĻĳԸƷ໻
ǼˡգŴ۾ࡣ
ǾӣһЦһ߿ơ
Ƶˣ仰൱ᡣ
϶ʱЩѣѪ߲ʵ̫ѵˡ˼ҲãҲû취ֻܼ󣺡ѣݣҲûа취ơҲ֪ҪѪ߲鵤ĻҪĸǺܶġҲûκƲѵ˼ɼϣҲҵ鵤ô
仰˵ˡ
ȷʵˣѪ߲õ֣ҲҲơ
ֱӳ͵ͷ
ÿѪˣֱӷõĻһɵҩЧ޷ӣ
ĻͲ˵ˣǲὫóȥġɫ
ûôϲЩɥ
ҡҡͷ
۰Ͱ͵ؿһۣ̾˿ӻóһݸ͡
ʲôʵ
ɽ뺯Ͻ͵ĳͻشȵسΪϵɽĸɺɢͬ⼸аħΪɽ磬ɽͬ˾޴ʧɽýڣ꿪֮գɽͬǰɽ۽ͬʱ̳ħơ
Ŷĵص˵ͷð
ϺԿ͵ķܣҲԼɱﵣ۽֮󣬾ɽڣ֮ʱڣÿŻԶһΣʱڴֵͬлǰȥڣѰʺԼķɽ
ͷһͻʱˡ
ɽοǴѪ
ɽڣط֪ʲôʱʹڵġҲֻţδԼۼڣÿԶһΣʱɣʿͿԳûѡȡͬԼķɽ
˵ڣɽĴڡ


190 Сѵ
ɽڣǸʥأֻɽڲǰȥѡʺԼķɽΣƬʥĵطȻɽ糨˴š
˵ֻҪ۽ֵģԿڽڣ֮ʱǰȥѡ
仰˵ҲǱЩɽѡ
ЩڽڣеķɽͨķɽкܴͬǶǺԵģڱѡͬʱҲѡԼˡֻ˫࿴ۣɽŻԹ
Ͷ벢Ǻ⣬ǵ˵ĽʱĶˡ
ɽԼǺҪԼѾдһշ˻Ļǡ
Ȼ˵ڣڴ˵ɽĴڣֵεķôշģ
ǵɽڣ֮գǱ֮ʱε׳ۣ
ʱɽɿܶۿرضи;ԼԳᡭ
ȻǵãշͯӵʱС̬Լ˵ɽиطУϴأ
ڳһı飬Ϳʵɽͬвμ۽Ļô
⵹ҲǡϻҡҡԴҸسϣֻϿɵʿŻᷢ뺯ҡֻн֮µʿܲ۽ͬԹ񡣡
ԭ͵ͷԼѾǽΪˣɥʧ۽Ļᡣû£Ȳ˵ֻ㣬ȫʿء
ܺãϵһ뺯ˡ֮ҲԻɽŸȥˡ˵ʱ򻹿Ѫ߲Աһ
һȥסϵĿ⡣
Ὣһº׼ʱٿϣѲҪٵ
һһ
ˣֹ˼Σջ̾˿תԼļͬ߰ɡ
ؿһۣǳŬŬʹѪ߲ĻԵشҡ
˰ˣȫȷԷѾ²⵽ϽԼ˶ˡߵʱ򲻻˵Ļ
ǣһֱվԭ˪ıȻӣߣ
һתͷؿű
ͷϽʱһľ͸˵֪ʲôʱԼ˵ˡ
ɿյתͷʧѵ͵ժѪ߲ʱҪɥʧҩЧ
վԭسλɽͻ֣ллѣ
ȵϵ˷֮Ųɻ֣ô˵ء
ΪƳġʧķ
ŸɻˣǱôᵽأ
һ£²װ͵»ǲҪС˵ãӰ쵽Լʦϡ
ɫͲ⣬ݺݵؿţһûءߵʱô˵ģڶúôţܳʲô֪֪Σգħֺܶࣿˮ鲻£Ϊֲ͵ŮʿһʲôаħϣҪѿ
СЦվŴ۾ͣν޹
첻ѵһ£㲻᳤ԵġͷŭˣСӣԼȻһʦ϶ò־С«
һȻһֵļһ
һޣ׼ȷ˵һ١С«ʱµĹ٣ָ֣ɶ೤
ŵ׻Ǻʶʱģһó˼һ͹ڵϣֻСץŶͣ˵ʦҴˡ
תﲨת͵ܲһ¡
תȥɫ󣬾Сӵ
Ǹ
ŹԹԵת˫ֳŵأڵϡ
һվŵı֪νѧعԣͦԲβ͡
ε׳һĻɵɵؿǰŮˣΡ
תͷˮӯҧ촽Сʦ鷳һ㡣
ɺͳͳ߳ŭˣһӳСӵƨɴȥ
ڹٿҪ鵽ʱͻˣһж˾ųɾŵ
Сɨһ¡
Сҧź촽Ӻһ˵
ŤͷţѧϴϾȫɻ߻ϵϳ
;Լڷ
ɡ˹٣ĸƨƵأߵ˵ֻǸһССĽѵ
õܹ͵ĸ첲СԴ͵ıϣ֪ʦ᲻ôҡ
Ҫӣ˿˲áһ߸Ÿ첲⴦һװ崿


191 
Ѫ߲ȫˣʢĻϵӣ죬Բʮ˲԰Ρ
Ǿ˳ζҵ͵ġ
ժ黨ҲнģԲֱӴҩЧͻš
׼С«һһƳɵСӡ
Ҳǵϴġ
СؽѪ߲ܱߵڿ¶ĸ׼ᣬһȥһˡ
ѵõ黨οȻһһء
˳˻ͳ֮⣬һʶգŴ۾ؿţͯӣŶ۵Сֳ˼Ȥ
Сãʲô߹ͯʵ
ͯһСǵͨ죬յͣܺͽܣСеô
ʹЦ
ܹ··شţʹͦͦԼظֵصģͽܷôôãԱ
һ߰ڳһòȻɷǵģһ߳ƶʹմ伸Σ
űŻˣϽ㵽ӵ¶һ˫۾⿴š
ͺòװָһһܡ
СѾͷҲҵˣȥʲôط˰죬㽫ԼߣͿʵ
Žɽ֮ǰԼµóһºɽи۽ᣬǻܸȤ
ûȤЩŴɾٰʢҲʹҡԴһҸطһʵڵ㡣
֪Ľʲô϶˵ֻЦеĪ⡣
ʲôɻذš
ȥɽڣѡͿһۣһذը
ʲôӶбˣȥɽڣѡ
ǵġɽ׿ڸҵģӦòм١͵˵ͷ
ôܣҲԾˣڣɽΪʱҲɽĸôñȥڣѡ
ҾͲ̫ˡλɽ˵ɽʿʵԵֿаħͽ͵
ˡͳֶһۣԴɾصѾˣЩݷаħҲ¶ˣΪɽ⿪˽ڣֻ˵ɽǺġΪɽ磬ϧҪĵطţһġ
ڣʲôöôԣɻʵ
ɽĵӣȫǽޣڣȻȫǷɽ
û˼ҡҡͷҶ׻ˣΪһɽֵܵطȥ
˷ɽСɽ
һƱ˵ĺȫɽ־ͬһ̵ǯӣʹ˵ķ
ǡȥɣͯˣʵ
ȥôѯֵ
ȻҪȥֵͷҪǲȥĻǾΪˡ
ͣν뺯ֻһˡͯЩġ
û˵ˣ¡Ͱڰ֣ȥĻȥɽ
أʵ
Ҹųȥ¡һºҲȥɽ
ʱһؿ͸ţæȥ£
Ŷ֣ߵһߣСѾͷ겻Ư˺ܶడ
Сһǫ飺ҲƯ߹
ò˵ӵңľʱԽԽǿҡһҪǵãͻƽ֮ǰԲñӡض
Ťѣ֪ˡ
㵽֮ôڶС΢Цؿ
ȡЦҡߺ졣
ˣܿסԼµǱλƲס
ҪǸңҾҧŷݵ
Ͷˡ
Ů˵˺ð죬ֱǱ߳ڴߴˣС߻
ǴҶһȥһºɽǻϡֿŻ˵
ʱ䱣ء
˵֮ʹСȥˡ
⿼СʱĳɹԷɵĺܿ죬Ųأҧ߶Ԫ׷͡
Ľͺ⣬Լڵʱû͵ڷٶȲ죬ΪûгֵķɽҹҲ
ֱʱ֣Ͳ·ɽ䵽ϣС۵ȴûһࡣ
ʦȥģſʵ
ȥشȡʹ
ȥʲô
һŮˡ͵ǰƵݣΣԼƵȽˡ


192 ش
شȺеʵһ޴ɽ֮Уɽﻨ㣬ݺݺʤգ·˼ɾ
Ŵδľɫһʱ伤Щ֣Լķڹз
һɣʹ˹еĽ磬Ƭ̣мشȵĵ˳ڵشһηʿôشȣ
͸ϽȥȭɢʮЯͽǰݻسϡ
Ǽشȵĵ۾쳤Դˣ´ͣмسϲڹУذɡ
öǰҲشȵĵֲһעӹʱû취ȴֻǵһЦ֪سǰʱˣڣ϶ѾˣңŻء
ŵĵüͷһ壬˷ʹͶš
ȷʵһǰŻصУ֪֮⣬ֻЩؽĵӲ֪ǰɢôô϶
ɻԷ˸ȥʵسϵ룬Żģţǿسѯʣ˵иʮ
ˡִһ˵Ťͷһÿһ˴Ǳ˹
ʦ壡ŵĻشȵӹ
ߵǰͷسȷʵң˵ü죬ͻиû뵽ô졣
˰æ˵Ǻð£ǼشȵȻҵƵĿˣæַſ˽硣
һǰ·һ߸⳶ϼ䣬ĵϸ
һ߷羰ܺãһǵĵΪҲ˴ʧ
ں͵Цѡ
һֱаСʱ˲ŴһƬǰ
ǴƬ֣ῴһӣسϾ档ָָ򣬡ҾͲˡ
л͵ͷ
Ǳ֮ŴǰһƬ֣ԽԽǳԽԽЦ
ʦʲôأ˳͵Ŀ⳯ǰȥȴʲô
Ů˾Ůˣ̫Сˡҡҡͷ
ʦŶ˶š
û˵㡣Ͱڰ֣Ȼһɴתкߡ
ȥģŲԡ
ȥ
ǲسϵô
Ҹƨ˵ĺܴԪһƬ־һ󷨣ȥ׳ѡȻ˼Ҳӭǣʲô
͸߾ʹһԹ˺
Ҳһסͣʦʦֲˡ
ŤͷһղŻڵֹȻ漣һʧˣԶһľʵĴӳǰӵĴҲ֨֨شˡ
ƱԼںĴڣ˸жϡ
˼Ҷʾˣ;Լٲ¿Ҳʵ㲻ϸˡ
һߴųȥһ߸ʮǰݻسϣ
ɡдƵ
һֱߵ棬¶ȶȻߣҰһ޴¯ðܻ⣬㺹ܵһԴŷü΢塣
Ҳٴţʾһ˾;վԭء
˺ðΣ鵤ɵζɢ˳˫ֻӶƵʸӿˣԪڲϵؼš
ȻСһ̧¯Ȼһ˳˳żöԲ鵤ĳԲˡ
һùԱһƿӣɵ鵤װƿУϸƬ̣ȴȻ̾˿
úܳɹΪʲôеʧӣͲʵ
ͲǸ·ɫǰŮ˲ʦ
Ҫг㶦õôࣿƵһۡ
ڨڨػرĿ⣬С«Ǹ㶦С«档
ʮıɣңҲıòƿͺһۡ
û㵤飿ͷʵ
Ʒ߷ߵؿһۣ̾ðɣʴˡֻ֪ǰǸ˵˭
֪𰸣ʲô
ƶͣ۾գһ£ظ
ͷ絭˵Ҵţڵı£治ܰɱڡ
ƸоԼץסСӣþ
ģҿ϶ǰ˵顣͵Цֻæһö鵤
Ԫһ裿ƺϾ㷢ȻҩˣǸҩȴҪһѣҲô׵顣
ǰߵʱʲôʹŭʱоԼˡ
Ҫǲô˵ôƵЦˡ


193 Ƶİѱ
бҲæĿڵȻЩҩȻѵãһشȴռġ
ʲôͲԼһء
ֻصҵͲҡƶϣɫ
ҵġקק͵·
СӣתƵ㻹ߺϺֻصѾںݶǰʹùˡЩջȥҲȫڸסԼܡ
һأü΢壬Ͻʵ
;ȻоЩţС«һֻص˳
һö֮ɫֻصǰ龰ֻ֪صĻһʿģĴڡ
һţһûüù
ǾͺãǾͺãһŵڷһ߳һСֻ֣صңž͵ˡ
һգѳɫֻصսˣ΢Ц˵ô
һ㶣ʱЩܻؿͣε㵽
ȰѻԪһ˵ֽɫֻصսС«
ȸңȻơżˡ
տƾֲ˽㣬һ㵽ʱˣ˭Ҫ鵤ȥͰһĨʹҡͷ
ôƿ챻ˣæ˺üƽ¼飬ͣûʧڵ˵ˣҸƻԪһ裬ǿֻصҡ
һԣһޣظ֤
Ѫ߲С֡
ûΪϾҪ鵤Ѫ߲ҩ
ͷŲժѪ߲ȡصصݸƣһתʳһ䲻ʵĻǿֻصǴ˰ɣ
һûѪ߲ϡ͵񶼱ñ𵤶Ϊ˲ŷǿѹֱѹ˹
һ˦ϣϴһŭ˷ȥ
ƺһȫû뵽ǰֻн𵤳ΪʿȻӵӴѹ
ꣿƶʱˡ
Ȱ㻹ǲҪʲô˼͵ؿƣֻһѣǲҲ޹ؽҪ
̾һѱϣʵԷҲѷԼŮڸо൱Ρ
ȴͻȻͷȻˡ
֮ôںܣҪԭǿųɫֻصҲǲ²ǸʿǴˣΪַܶơ
ôһʣٿƵɫȫͿȷˡ
ôһʿƳɵֻصشȸŴɣҲûʲôԹ
ңʿҲͷûôǿʵ
ˣֻҪ΢һ飬Ϳ֪֡
Ҹв֮ʮǰüɱƳֻص˵ôƼڳ˼԰ѻˡ
ס
ϣܰұܣȻʲôھͿܴӦĶԴӦ㡣˵
Ҷ²ȤֻҪƺûԪһˣʱһԪһ裬Ҹֻص塣
´ͣβſ˵Ǹˡ
Ȼж鵤һ㣬ҲΪѽһ¡͵ͷ
ǳ鴤ţҸղ˵ĻǷƨ
ҪòɣͲٸת¡
һʱ䡣
Ǹϲɽ۽ˣЩʧ׼ŷ˻Ԫһ֮ȥμӴء
㡣
ʹͷ鵤ˣֻǰŮˣûˡ
ܺãԹˣһºҡƲ˦һҵƣȥһشȵĵӣǻǰסġ
ͽӹһһС͸һ̴ƣһ֡
ƣ߳Żǲĵһ䣺ỹɣ
Ȼᡣ͵ͷҪֻһֻصѡ
ڷߺϺ꣬޹ؽҪȻֶϡ棬ɽϡŹֵˡ
ǾͺáŲģȥһشȵĵô
ҡҡҡͷٺټЦŻشﻨ㣬ɻݣ˱ɽֶܿ飿
ʦûһ߱һҲȸԾѣϾ˼ҵĵ͵൱̼ġ
ߣȥһ»شȵĸʤأ׳СӲڷɽϣȥ


194 ɽ
һʱ䣬Ǵˡ
شȷʵܶϡŹֵҩģ˼һͲһ꣬ȻԼˡ
ȻҲ֪ϡҩģǲɽ֮˲ժģشҲԼҩԣﶼרչ˿ҩģ;ҲҲᡣ
οеʱ䣬ҲѵӲ̶Ǳɡ͸Сӡ
СɵɡȻŵϲ͵ҩϾ֮࣬žͽеľͶɡˡ
һʱܿȥʹƵС
ƿЩƣƤ̧һ£ض˵ҪĶˡ
˳Ŀ⣬ͿһһɫƿӣƿһöӲӵ鵤
Ͳˣǰȥƿ𣬷ǰϸضš
ȷʵǻԪһûö鵤ڲ̶öһģһ
ˡԵ˵
ȴûд𻰣һֻ֡
ͻ⣬öɫֻص˳ֵ˳ȥһץסϸƬ̣̾Ϣһһжˡ
һ̣ͻȻӿһŻ棬ֻصţš
֮УƺһĲҽС
Ƭʱ䣬ֻصɴСˡ
㻹ҪҪȥɽһУƺͻȻ࣬˵ľҲ
ȻҪȥ͵ͷȲ˵ڣ֮ջɽûԼҪȥɽϴѰ꺮ˮء
ǻʱ䣬֪ڣһʱŻʽҪϢ죬Ȼ̡˵
ǣɻˣھ͸Ϲȥ
ѾٿûҴ㣬ɽ˻ȥôƱһۣңöԪһǸõİɣʱҲպÿԸˡ
Ҳǡ͵˵ͷ
İʱ䣬һֱػԡ
ԪһҩЧʵڣСӷ֮ʱ䣬Ϊһ·߸ͽĵ塣
һöΪǴͻƵ㣬Ƚ϶ԣöԪһҩЧҲ˶١
ŶԼΪе㲻̫ӦڷĿ͵ʹãȴӵصӦˡ
ЩȲˣ鵤ڣѾ̫ʱ䣬ԵСȫյԪһҩЧ֮Ҫǰȥɽ
ȻûҪȥɽģͣӦɽˡ
˽ûʲôȤԣʹһ߷һЦŷʹüɣһͷں·Ӱ൱Ĺµ
ӻشȵɽȫ֮£Ҳò˼ʱ䡣
֮ɽؽ硣
ԶԶȥΡĴɽƻֺꡣ
ǵɽڣԶڰ֮⣬˾ж˷ɽͽǰȥɽ֮޷ɽǲĵĹء
Ҳû˵ɽȨ͵룬ûǸҪ
˶ڼӿٶȵȻͽ˰֮ңҲֻ˰ʱѡ
ɽǰܷܷյ˼£ؿһǰĿչֳ
ôое㲻Ծüͷϸš
ﲻԾˣŤͷһۡ
һıĸо
ˡЦһ
㲻ҡҡͷͯһǰӦɽԼҵһԼԪʲôĻԼܸܵһ㡣
ھͯӺܻţҲܿ־塣Ǿڻſ־ʲôȴ֪
ͯǰڵʵӵеķرǿĵˣӦûжΣյģڣɽ浽׷ʲô飿
ɻʱǰĿһ󲨶߳һСʿģˡ
Ƹæ˵شǰɽ񡣡
Сʿ´˼ƣֿ˿ͺţȭǸ۽ڼ䣬κ˲ýɽ
һ£ӦԳġ
ҲУŵǣλذɡСʿʮ
ƶʱˣݣȻܾˡǹϵһõɽ
͵СʿתҪʱȴͻȻһץסĲӡ
ʲôƾˡ
򿪽磡Ԫȵ͸濾ǰСʿԪ
ɽݲڴ˷СʿʱЩˡ
ʮ򣡡Ҳһͻʹɱ֡
˵ˣɽһ⣡СʿĲӽյǰȵʶô
Сʿգ۾ãؿƣû𻰡
Ҳסˡ
Լôɽʦǻشȵĳϣƽɽ߶ܶ࣬ɽĵûʶԼġ
ѾԶ׼㲻ɽˣ򿪽磬ҪȻҾɱ㣡
ҿҿСʿʧ룬Ȼ֪Լ¶ţϽ˼־ӡǰ
ٴδۼֿ죬Ͻ˽ȥۼƻڷһѽ˹˽С
Լܽ󣬴һһͰˡ


195 ϴ
ôɱƴˡ
ңûġһ˵һҵĻ𾢽ɽӵʬ˸һɶ
Ƥӵɱɽˣ޷Թۣһ˵ţһ߳Լķ
Ҷʦ֣Ŵܵǰһһ꾵ڿ˼ơ
Ů漦ͷջˣϸ
Ʊһ㶣Ƭ̣ɫһôдɱ
ǴɱûȻɽھ۽ᣬֻ۽ĻԲ˷һĲҽУһƵ
ˡͶȻղڽ棬ȻܸܵͯӵĿֻţǺԣԴӽ˽֮ݿֻźͺˣһϵϱ޵ҽУɽԳʲôʡ
ߣȥҲ˲ٸ;ļٵسԴ֮طȥһץסĽףŭشسϵò̫ˣ㲻һݵ任òô
ɵɵûݵ
Ѿ㳹׾ˡƵĿѪݵֶԼģȻûСɱԽıܲԤϣ
֮£ֻôС«óһöݸ
Ʒݵ֮󣬱任һȽͨŮģ
ߣϸӦһ£תһȥ
·ɵʱŵϵ龰ʱЩˡ
ϸһξһЩʿʬԣԱͬװͬɽԼ˵ʬ壬Ҳɵʬ塣
ЩѸɺԵѪЩ˿϶ֹһˡ
׷ʲôҲüͷɽУȻôˡ
һֱɵһƬ̵УͲͣǰ֣·ɽ
ͯӣһ
ͯӺԼһЩϵȫԿ϶ھͶǰƬС
ͣͻȻ
ҡ͵ͷ
ǰһһĶƬ֮󣬳һ޴Ŀնʹźƴ˽
ǰһת˵Ӱˡ
Ťͷ˿ȫ⣬һ١ͯӵɫЩףһͣӣôڲ
еµˣ﷢ʲô£ɻؿʵ
ʮڻսЦһҪﲼһҲܲˡ
սˣΪʲôս
˭㿴ʵ
شسϣһʦͽܵ
ԭ㡣ҲȻ𾴣Ƶʵ̫벻֪ѣǻشҲһЩˡ
ʲôƽһشȵҲɱ
ɱˣĸɣֿЦһ
˵˵ô¡üͷʵ
ĽͺƲɽ浽׷һĻʲôĲҾ硣
һжô۽ῪʼδĽʵ̫ˣԷǱ뵽ʿɣɳ˴ǰμӡ
һʼúõģұһڶķȻֶзִ磬㵽ΪֹʤȻҫʧܵҲӡ
Ӱǰ˱ʡ
һɽӺ¹ӵıУɽʧɱԼĶ֡
ǰĶǸɵľӣһǴʧ¹ȻưոݣҪɽ߲ۣҪ˵
»û꣬һȴƵƵ֡
ɽʧɱˣȴǴĵʿţĵʿʧִɱ˻شȵˣµĺɱ鱦ĵӣ鱦ĵִɱɽˡ
ˡ
úõһ۽ᣬȴΪƵƵ⣬ǵøԹ졣
۽Ҳʹ˸ǳɷ׷ҪɽŸ˵Ͼµĵطɽ⻹꣬Щ˴˼ʧִɱ֮Ҳʼ˿ˮս˵ҹģ˵ġҶŴɣѪյʿ˭Ҳ˭
ҲûʲôۣʿʧִɱҲֻҪһǸ⳥Ȼûˡ
ؼʱ̣ɽ߲ȴһѰζ̬ȣǾǳĬ
ֵĶôʼղһ£пϷļơ
ɵԽҲջԽԽŭۿзй
ʱɽڳ˵ˡϼվ̨ϣˣɱĵԹñˣȫΪΪѰ·
䲻εĻɵŭʵת䣬ױŷˡ
սʹ˿ʼ
껨ĽҲĬˡǱʶһܴı
ôƴסˡЩǰμ۽ˣͬɽͨһġ
Ϊʲô뿪Ϳʵ
߲ˣԴӻսʼɽͰѽȫˡоҪһվ˳
ɽʲôƷŭˣҪȥϣ
ͳȥ
ǵĲ²⣬ɽп뽫ɽһ򾡣Դһͳɽ硣۽ĽǷųȥնˡ㿪˵
͵ĻҲûд;ڻɽΪʲôҪŽڣˡ
̫ԡҡҡͷɽҲǰ׳գǱɽͷʵȺɣҲûҪֳֺõ顣ɱɵˣûʲôô
˵Ϊʲôʵ
Ҳ֪ȻҸɽгҲЩʿҾãɽôɵġ
Ҫһ¡ͯһ߶һ߶֡
ʲô£
ͯ̿ˮɬ˵ϴɽ
˭ϴ󣿡һƱȫɻˡ
ɫʱˣͻȻͯ˵ʲôˣҲͯΪʲôôֻˡ
Щ˿֪ܲͯӵݡͿ˽͵ǧǰа˴˧֮һ˧
ϴ󡭡˵˵űЩ˵ȥˡ
Хһһٵʵ˵֮ԼҲ˸
һǰɣ
ǵģܸоɽָͯһ˳ȥֻΡһɽ壬һ
ɽͨɽźͳ޵ĵط
ˣҪ·ˡɴ˵
Хǧǰ˴ʣֱڻ¡
ʲôǧǰǲѵڻô͵һۡ
ͯôһ˵ͻȻˡ
ɽ˲ɱɵˣǣɽ߲ѾХأǰĻսһıһХֲ߻ı
ֹⳡս޷ʰоˡ͵ϣתͷƵҵǻشȵˣǲҪˣõҲǸղ˵Ļ
صص˵ͷشȳϵݣȷʵһ㡣
ʣµ˷ͷжХıݸɣһںΣգһҪչ˺Լȫ


196 ڣ
ƻļƻǵʵʩ͵ȴһӵĻҡ
Щɱ۵ʿǸ͵Ȱ棬ЩХ˭û˵ƶϳı֮ˡ
ֻ֪ɱԼѣֵܣãԼͱǱ
ѪծһҪѪ
սԽԽ󻯵ƣЩԭܱҲһһˮɽȫһƬҵսһȺȺʿۼһһ棬һ¾Ƕʩȴ˵
ܴ֮Ҳ׷ŭˣڵģӲˡ
͵ĵĵЩɵʿ⣬ǸĻХǧǰɽѪȷˣֱҲûˮ档
ţһɽĳںڰֻ۾΢ЦһС
ʱܿȥˡ
ٴλϵһ𣬴һ˴˿˿εҡҡͷȻ˴ȥȰ貢ûκЧ
ƾѰҺȰ⣬Ѿشȵȫ˻Ƿ˴򶷡
ô죿ƿʵ
߰ɣطٴȥˡ
ɽĽףҪȥĻɳϼ˳ֲܴ򿪡üͷ
ǾȥͨץһɽϹͷ˺ݡ
Ψ֮ҲֻвȶԷһϴ򿪽磬Լȥ
͵ĻûͻȻһ󶶶´޴ĺ֮һʱ侹ȻЩվȡ
ô£ɫЩ׵ʵ
Ǳ߶һɽ塣ͯۼ⣬ָһ򺰵
˳ָʾתͷȥ𾪵һĻ
ĺͲڼ˴ʮ֮Զĵطһֳιͺͺɽڰεض
ɽͺڵصһ㣬˿չֳԼȫ̬
״һֱһʱ䣬ɽҲֹͣ˳ɳش
ʹԵعһɽҲм׸ߣ˿ѷɫɽɽ塣
ʲôˡ
ڣƵĻЩ
ͷһͻٳɽ忴ȥʱֻԭƽ棬ͺͺɽͻȻͬϼһ㣬âҫ۵ĹâͻȻɽЩ嫵ķһĹɾˢˢˢؿʼΧɽת
ŮϵĲʴ裬ЩһĿԲɽʵʵ
˶ЩһĹȫǷɽ
ɣɣʿԼ׳۵һĻ
зɽ֮У˵ģĪǰǱѩףȾһ˿覴á
߹ķˣ
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ˣ³ˡ鲻Խֹһ
ȻɽڣĴɴҴûۼڣģȻҼʶˣ֪Ҿ񶼽ʱ̣ڣĿ
ԭʿ֪ڣɽͷѩ׷ɽԾɽɡ
ΪΪʳʿǿɽʱ䷴Ӧ֪
˲ҪؿżĻشȵȵ
ġҲϿ͵жϡ
ȻֹסشȵˣŸɵʿȴڵһʱ䳯ڣ˹ȥ
Ҳ֪˭һڣˣҿɽɽ˭˭ģ
һʿը˹׷ڣǱ߷ȥɽһ⻮ĿȫĿɽ塣
ֶΣͲпһ
ɵڧɱɱ۵ʱ򣬽ڣպÿɽĳǻϽͣʿǽʣȫˡ
ֻһͷǾɽ赲ԼͼԼģȫǵˣ
һʿڷɽ˽ڣǵĿͬһͷİɫɽ
⼤ĵʱ̣Щʿһ¡
ɽô׵õڽڣ֮ôͱɽˡ
עǳԸѵѪġɽһɽĵӣЩٶȺܿ죬ҲԼĶ׵ԶԶġ
ϲԽسǱɫɽȥץʾͳˡ
ɫɽ󷽵ɽͻȻ˹һ㣬ʼųҫ۵Ĺâȫɽӷ˹ȥ
һƬ裬һƬѪȷ硣
ٶȻָƽʱɽӲˣֻһЩɢĲƬѪӿ䡣
һҹμֳɽȺۣΩҶ
һͻȻıҲֹͣ˲ȫۼڽڣϿգ˭Ҳˡ


197 ɽ
ڵȴа֮ɽлսʿǣȫɵ˽ڣϷǰһƽ
ƽעҪƣϾɽջʵ̫̫
ЩʿһȺȺؾۼһɺΪλһ̰עŰɫɽһ۹·˷عע˵Ķ̬
Ҳ֪Ǹȶ֣ǲһسɫɽڵĵطƽ˹ȥ
͸ղһ龰ˣһ˽ӽڣЩΧŽڣķɽƵģԵչ
ЩϬĹջǱֵЩʿΪ˴˶ͬţԾͨϡ
ۿһɫɽǰķɽȫɻ߸񵲿Ҳסˡ
Ƿ֣ԭЩ޼᲻ݣһķɽȺҲа취ƽġ
ǸŸɷ׷ѧȫڿ˴Ϊߵͷ˲ӦĿֻһǾǿɽ
׻ʼôƽɣǸɵۿžҪͻзɽķӽɫɽˡʱҶס˺Ǽۺ졣
ǡڴʱһɽӲҪس˴֮Уһɽɽ˭
ɽһߺţһ߻ϵķɽʹǸɵкȥ
Щ˱ͱɽķңƣӦڸɱһʱ侹ȻǸɽˣʱơ
ٴɣһչֳѤõĹâ˴֮С
ֻһëȻĲҽУһƬƬѪɣɽȺٴλָƽ֮˾ˡ
ԭĶʮˣֻʣĸ˳һȫˣѪֹ
ĸӶˣʮͬţ˰˳֮࣬ȻǸɽҲûӹˣǼɱ¾ҲѾǳɥʧǺġ
ǵòɽҲõһһ߸ţһֽ߳˱˲µĴ֮С
Ҿٴη͸ղһޡ
ȫ˻ȥûٸЩҪʿǰڳʲôƽˡʱǱҪ
ǰɫɽջȴԵøӴࡣ
ҲҪˣɽ˶лõڴʱһһ˳˶һͣ
ҲǸˣһɷǵĵʿɽˡ
˭תͷʵ
ϼԡЩɬ˵
ǸöжϣΪղ˵Ǿ仰˼ɿԡ
ͳϣ⻰ʲô˼˿ʵ
ڣѾ΢Цؿ˵ǿҲʱޣȷе˵ٹһʱҪرգһҪɱĻô˭Ҳõɽ
ѵͳϻҪֲɣ
Ǵ⣡Цøˣȷ³ޣһ򽣴˭б£˭ɽ
ǿɷĲ¼ͳءԱ˼
̵ְ飬Ҽˡ
һտͻȻˣͬʱһһѰ׺ӵͷƾյسˡ
;Ȼϸܲκεѹ
ţ˲Ȼ𾴡
ɽˣҲͺ˳
Ƶ˵ͷ
Ҳ٣ͳˣλž˵ѾԪӤڵĴ֣ӶˡʱQʲô
˳ԾĻںͷͯӾȻСָ˿־˵ϴ󣡡
ʲôӵһء
Ҳţ˾ȻХͯû˵ĻХҲӦǶˡ
ǣôҲףɽô˵ҲǸԪӤڵĸ֣ôᱻХء
ûͯӡ
ܴ˧Ӧ񡣡ͯӼᶨ˵ȻصĺܺãܸоõϢ
ӴˡһĿЦ
еȫˣɽ߲㱻ХˣڵɽŸХԼЩҾ磬ڣһжļƻ֮С
ٿϼԿ϶Ҳ֪ЩƻģûҪʱɿ
Щԭʿһˣһȫ˵ˡ
ɽŵͷ˭Ų
ǣڼԵĹ滮֮£Ÿȫۼһ
ؿǸֳһĨ΢ЦǸӦ͵Ŀ⣬˾ȻŤͷһۡ
ĿⲢδܾͣã˷µؿͯӡ
ͯڷĵŲŲص͵


198 һ
ʰߣ仰ȷʵ٣ڼԵЭͰ£ɽ˵ĵ֮£Щԭɱ۵ʿǾȻȫ˱˴˵ĳޣЭذڿƣЭųڣƽȥ
ĽȺȻôйԣһ˿ڣǾͻԶ𹥻ЩƽĹʿǵĻ²ûܷĲ˾ͱƽϢˡ
ۿһӽǱɫɽ˵ͷٴμ
ǡôߺλҪ˵ɽ˶лõλڻȵֵסɽȺĹΪ
һô˵ԭеȥɽʿǣҲòͷ
ɽȺȷʵôͻƵģǿ˰ڳĴ󣬵ֻһ˳ȥʵǿҲΣա
ʱһţؿЩǰƽʿǣԽɽܵԽ󡣶ǱɫɽԵķɽҪв
ʿǰͺ̣˿һ㣬ΧķɽȺȫ뵽˽ڣ֮УؽӽǱɫɽ
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һıɽΪնХѴ֮ܽ󲿷ʿ
ͷͻȻˣҲΪȥǰ۵ʿ˵Ż
Ȼˣͻǵһʱ˹ȥΪģݺĵǶġ
ȥǸıʹų˷ɽȺУɽͷһô˵Ŀ¶ڵĴ󽣻ţź⣬һ֮йķɽ
ͣûм֯Ƿ¶һ˿Ц
ڸŸɵʿ˵ĸУ˵ҴûҲ˿ûš
Ҳ֪ƾԼһ仰ѹµģֻһ취ǾһǱɫɽɽΪնȺɢɳ۵һ𣬳ɽȺ
ԴͳɽȺ֮УַɽͷɽײͲڶδͣϹķɽ
ƴһɳ徢;ȻӲڷɽȺ˺һӣֻһ˳˽ȥݵǺʵʿݡ
סҪɽĵĻǷˣ֪ĸɵʿһʣµһ˹ɽ볯к˹
ǵصĹͷƤһը顣
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͵ʵѾһˣŻʹҲΪӦ֡м㣬ֳεĹĻ˰ʵʵ
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ֻأûĹ֮Уһȴһ˿ŭ˳
ԭҫ۵ĹâͻȻһƬĿĺȡͬʱһΪǿҵѹд
ȻɢбɨеʿȫܵһɴԼص˳ȥ
һٴƽʱʿֻһòˣֳһڴ󽣣ȻվڰУĿɨˣӥŴء
վһ򵱹Īơ
ڵģǾһȺɵƣƿˣľżһ˲ٿɽȻ⣡
ھվ־Ϳɽõɽ֮ǻЭսʤɽȺôʱֻΪȫǵصķɽɣ
ԭ߷߲ѣͶֵʿǱ⼸ˡ
ǰɽǱԼԼô죿ֻһǾɱɽˡɽԼĻΪԼҪеʿ
ʱɽϼڽڣһڣرգʱ֣ʱ
仰ǻϽͣҽǡô
еѵʿٴ˷ɽֻôһλᣬ˵ĻԺûˡ
ɽѾǧǰХᣬһжıĿľΪ˽ʿһ򾡣ϸ﷢һУǵʲô鰡ƨô
ЦԪӤ֣ôܻᱻ˶᣿ԷЦͬʱ߷˹һ߷ɻһߺҪǲɽĻɱϷˡ
һԳ߷ʿĸԥ׷ʩչ⣬͹ȥ


199 һжǻ
ԭЩʵٴλ
Ҳŭѣ˷ĹֻʹŻ
ʦǡڴʱСӳ˷ɽȺС
ʹʧɫһѽԼߣôˣҪô죿
Сӿ޵滨꣬ϳɵɡһߵֵŷɽȺĹһʵΪΪҲˡ
ôôͶʱԼˣŤͷܣһѾԼܿƵˣֻץŵȥҪս
Сӵɡͼûʲôͳ˷ɽȺ
˸Լѩ׵ĺӣվ΢ЦؿͣһƬ֮ɫ
ףɽˮ
ȰЧҲֻɱˮԴͷ
һԪӤڵĸ֣˭Ҳûţ˵ǣͲֹһˡ
зһһڵĹâͳն˳ȥ
з֮е˻ֻҪУضеߵҲˡ
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ҿͳˣԪӤڵΪԼȫһεġ
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˫ϲ˵ŻǱֺ߳ͻѾǳɱ˹
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۵˳Ծˣ˫ֲϻӶ˲ԼԲһ硣
һУһѸײڶ֮ƣ˽֮ϡ
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׻ӣɲʶʲôɽҲ֪ʲôţͶˣӦҲó׻Ӿãڷʱصظһ
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Ǳ߸ߺһڣرգʱˡ
ٰţǱߵʿҲڽӽɽһ˵ļһһɽʱЦɽɡɽ
˵˵ɫһ̣˵ĿɿڴĻⲻɽⲻһƷɽѣ
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ɽأǴ˵ڣ֮ɽôʿڳĬƬ֮󣬶ʱŭˡֱŪ˵ĸоȫվڽڣļԡ
ԸĪЦˣɽȻеģϧǵģ
ɽҵġХһ˲ʧ͵˵ǰһ̣Ѿ˽ڣ֮⡣
ХͼԶһۣ˴˵˵ͷ˫ֿʼϵطŷһĹâǴ˽ڣ֮УԭرյĽڣɽ壬ȻֹͣͬʱɽȺĸӿܼˡ


200 ɽ
ܵڣͷɽȺı仯ʿǶʱЩʧɫ
ûɽջͷԷȵǴ˿Ҳ侲ϵԵЦ˵ĻҶͻȻˣһȦס
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ǣףȥûôˡ
ЩʿڼԵЭ°ڿƽڣڲģһɢĻʲô󣬷׷ֻܹԼˡ
ޱͬ񣬴ͷԷɣοЩʿܶ˴˼䶼Ѫ
ɽȺķٶȺ͹ٶѾǸղŵƵʿˣХͼԲ֪ʹʲôطɽѾγһͣЪĽڣܲ͸硣ʹЩеʿʹ⣬Ҳû취ͻƷɽȺķ
͵Ҳע⵽˽ڣı仯Ȼڵһʱʹŷ˹ȥ
Х࣬Ȼֻһڹ¾ս
һԵʿǷ׷ˣЩʿӴϿɽĵӣдĵʿҲµĺУûġͳͳ˺αߣ¶®ɽĿ
Щˣɢһɹа֮Щħ
ǰڿƣ赲ס͵ǰ
ΪһȺ˿ܲǺܸߣ۷ɽûмܺϵȡ
ԼʮаħûһԾԾԵı顣
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ֻǼ棬;͸ɵһħǼʮħȴǰͺ̣Ƶĳӿ˹
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ۡ
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Хĺʼü˫ðź⣬һգգעŽڣ
ꡱһ졣
Ŀɿڴע£ڣǸߴ׵ɽ壬ȻͻȻѳ롣
вڽڣϵķɽһ̱ױȵ貹ââ֮ǿңҫ˶ۡ
Ϳڣ淢ʲôȴظӦһӴ˵սľѹӽڣڴ˳
ҳɹˣɽˣХĺص͵Ķߡ
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˸е־ѹǴϴġ
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Хֻڴ˵еɽϵĿ֮ɫԶ׼ǼԼؿ˵ɽصмأƬٵĻڣͻʿԪ񣬴һӡųɽʱɽӦɽаħӾаħɽϣ˭ң
˵֮תͷͺͻһȺˣХڵǶܲһΪߣȴʵǿҸôһŵˣɱǡҪһֻǵɽ磡
ðð͵ͷȰɱ˵
ХɫһݣֻһΣΪƾʵʤңʤɽ
˵ʵҲϲʲôʿ̾ϢһҸϲЩƫаħҪǣǧǰɱһΡ
ǧǰɱХЦˣǲô࣬ģһԪһ
԰ɡ͵ɫⲻģԼĶһԪӤڵĸ֣һֳɽԪӤڸ֣
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ǣΪһˣػţٵȥοԼһͽܣΪʦҪġ
ķӡٶȿȵĻӿڴ֮ϣڵĴ·Ǵӻ¯һó졣
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ŻǿУûпֻţǷų˹ؼ汸ĵƣһɫĹĻѸٳǰƽڹĻ֮Ҳų˹ȥ
ХЦţС
Ż嵽Хǰʱֻһɽ߲ʹâɽն˹Ļ֮ϡ
һ۶һ㣬׵ŻͱƿΪ룬ֱɢˡ
ıХԳ嵽ǰ˵ɽҲҸɽ⣬һϣ
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