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ǧȺǿۣ߳Ϊݡ
޼ʡűʿ֣ͨء
ͳݰ˻ĺ
֮ϣŸӲ֮ƿߡ
һӵ޾ŵԶͼ߿ʼ֮Ⱥҫ֮е۷֮·


Ʒ


1ȼ
Щеĵȼ֣Ȱǰ沿ֵȼ趨гԷǵĶ趨ںʵʱ䲹
ηΪأֱǣ
壺壬һ֮
⣺ųڣ
ͨڤ
ٳ壬
᣺࣬
ʶϣѨλ
ӣϤȫѨλϹ
ȶΪ
ԪΪɳȭ
ηʮأͨԪСˡ顢ꡢ˽١
޵ȼĻ֣
һޣӦʿĺһص
ޣӦʿĺص
ޣӦʿĺص
ļޣӦʿһص
弶ޣӦʿص
ޣӦʿصأ˽׶۷壬޻ٵһ
߼ޣӦʿصʮ
Ʒ׻֣ʥͨʥ
ʿʮؽ֮ľΪʥۣʣ


2⴫֮ɽл1
һ꣬һأʵǵˣӦǰõĳͷɡ
ֻǻ㱼ǵԼʱһѵһĺ׺õʲô̶ȣǴ׺˵ģߴףԭļǸеġ
Ӧʵ񻨶䣬ΧĿжŴȻĿҰζÿһ㶼õġ
ĴףȴǺ죬Ǻһģһ
Ϊһ죬ΪܹѰ㹻ﲻСĵ˵ӻʱѾһϢˡ
׵ʱȻɶҲϲЩǺ˵ġ
֮أ֪һЩ飬ȫ˵ģ׺ǿҲǿ󣬼絽Ǻøߺøߵľ޴ʯɽôôԭʼľ࣬Ҳ塣
׽ĳˣʼòĻܡ
ڴ׳˺СһСʱڿΪʹ޵һࡣ
ʱҲˣЩֻ·˸ס
ǣ޷ģ׸ĸһʼʹ
ʹЩʮѿսթ࣬ǻ᲼壬Ĺһź˸Ĵ׷Ŵ׵迳
ܴÿһζὫײصĺúõģЩɶǿ
ɽһͷ͵ϻѾܿɽµĴд
Ƕ޷ɽԣ⵽ϻϮ
ϻײУޣͷĽݻһצӣܰһ
Ϊ˱ԣвȫԷ֯һɱ飬õȮװɽˡ
׽ˣÿ͵͵뿪ܳȥᱻ׼ȷץ
Ȼͻɽ֮һ޴ʯ棬ǿ
裬ôأ
һδ׺Ȼ⣬תȦʣһ˫۾˺档
迴ŨŨϼ˼һӣ˵Ƿɹģʱûء
ɣ
ãˡ
ûгһ𣿡
Ȼš
ƭҡ
СͷȻСȴܴȻ֪ϻǲܻɵġ
ġ
Ŷ
СǶˡ
ɫİȥˣʱ׵ˡ
裬裬ЩΪʲôõǰ
⣬Ĭ˺þãڻǸ˴һ𰸡
˵ȥǰ
ôܻȥأ
׳׵ĲˣһĲˣȻϲʳϲ貶ǴûҪȥЩƤë·Ⱦôŵࡣ
մ׵ۣǲѲϲʳ׵еġ
辭˵ܴܽƻһܲó԰ɡ
Ϊ辭˵㿴ˮ¹ȥͺģһζ
һֱе˵磬Ǵȫ硣
ˣɭ֮вҹҰ޿ʼʳӲݴеСǶʼ·š
ɽҰҹž֮е֣֮еĺг
Ȼеĺгվгˡ
׻¶֮еʱ򣬱㿴Ȼվ壬ĵ˴ף֮С
ɳɳɳ
еûзı仯׸֪ʲô
ǱȴΧſµΣڱƽѾܽܽˡ
ಣ
֧ڵҶ֦˹
ƣ
ûУֱӲ嵽ϣβĲ
ˣ࣬ΪֻдֽƻŻʹùŻʽ
ȻһԤıѾõΧԣ׸оٶѾܿˣΧȻļɹߣëƤȥ
Ѿƺˣ
׺޵ҧгݣ۾ĶΧ˸Ӱ
ż𺮹Ĵ󵶣Ĺң۷ҵĽŲ
ۣ
ڴΪЩеŭʱȻоŵȻٶȺȻһͣࡣ
裡
кȻ־ͷ
ˣֲ̫ˣ
ܣ
׸պ֣Ȼһᣬֱӱ˳ȥ
ڵͿУĿĺһ֧Ѫ˿ӿ
裡
ٴκһ岻ĵϣˤľʹ
ߣܵԽԶԽã
輱ٵڴ׵Ķ׾Ϳŭų׷Ⱥ
֪һΣˣҪȻĻǾԲô˵ģǲܵԽԶԽá
裡
һȴĻӦֻǶϷҰӣڰĻɵ־塣
費ٻ𣿡
ײ֪ԶҲһۣһۣòʲôĴ׶絶ʡ
ҹççʱȴĲ֪ȥ


3⴫֮ɽл2
ڵҹĻ£׼ѵıţ֪ԼܣҲ֪Լܵ֮һֱƴš
߾ҰݣԶȥԶ಻ϵɽҲıС
ֱһжʧ
֪˶ã۵ļˣһ仰ȴһֱеͷѾ޷ϵģԶ뿪
ڣڷһվɽ֮׵ĴҲ޷ֿ޵ƣͼΧһһɲǼȫΪУ׻˹ȥ
֪˶ã׻۾ʱɫȻǳĺҹ
ԼѹˣԼûֻޱߵļһûУһ¶вٵ˺ۡ
Ͼ̫СˣûԼ
ȻŬ̧ͷǰ棬Ҫʲôһʱʱˡ
ǰȻվһˣ
һ࣡
оɱ࣡
һŭԵʮ۵ĺдĺ𣬵ǾԼã̫Сˣ޷ǰĵˡ
ȥƴ˺ҧǻһûУ˿ڻѪҵʹ嶼΢΢ս
ǰƺҲûбŵ˼ϸһ֮վԭһ
Źһ䵶
ţʼ˼ùɱǻ䵶ǲ֣۵İɡ
֪ǰʲôҲ޷ԼķŭͳйڣΨе
ôޱȾȵǣ֮ǰȴʼûǰγ䵶ֻһӷŵϣȻһ󣬾ȻͳһֻҰã
ţժ䵶ֻʬ廮ٴӸλһ룬Ȼ󣬾ڴȫʱȴץиӶǰ
԰ɣԱ˸Ͻߡ
˵ˣǴԣΨһеӡģǸɱ֡
ײƺЩȣ룬ֽǰһξ룬ֱ˴׵ıӡ
ʱ򣬴Ѿˣڸʳ
һ˲֮䣬Ժз·ʲô׵߸ˣ࣬໹Ϊ
ΪײеĵˣһֱôΪǽ죬Ȼʳԣ
Ȼǵ߸۵飬ǱϾ׻̫Сˣʶ࣬ƺȫڰְĽ̻塣
еļڿʳʱѸٱŲһ壬һ죬ҧʳ档
ڿʼ˺ҧʳǰ˾ȻЦˡ
һƴ˺ҧʳһߵͷ˻ͬʱ۾ǰˡ
˵۾ô˵ļĺأ
ʳڸоһЩ׼վܣĻȻڶߣҪܣһֱܵԶԶΪֹ
ǣͼվʱ򣬺Ȼޱȵʹֻ̧˰壬һֱӹԶ
ʱײ֪Լһȣ֪ʲôʱѾˡ
ѵͷѪ죬ҿ˶ѵȹǡ
ƺԥһ£㳯
ߵǰʱбһ
Ҫȥ˺ҧˣǺȻԼƺȥҧԼġ
׵۾˸޵ãȻȴѾץȣϸ˿ȻһЩ֪ʲôķĩеĲ
Ȼܲˣ͸߰ɡ
˵ţױ㳯һȥ
׵ĺȻ˻𣬵ȴҲҧȥʼã޵ã
֮䣬Ȼ˯ˡ
˯еĴףȻεļ硣



4걾
дڣĽָҪģ˵ʵһ൱кüζҪˣջǼɡңΨһֵȥ˵ĵطˡ
Ȿ飬ǹ˼ֻǸٶȣͱȻֵܼĽࡣ
ǿƵϰ壬ǿӰ׬ѵ֣ʱȫǲǿ⣬Ȼ˵ǱԹǺܸмм17Kƽ̨л֧ҵǣһ·ûǵ֧֣Ҽֲȥ
ϲ˵һ仰·̤ˣҲҪ꣬дҵ룬û츳һдȥһֱдȥ
ĸмһֱ֧ҵѣǸײǹףɽ񣬻㣬櫵쾡
УǳĻ֮ѵָ㣬һֱ
ǣллǡ
ҿ顶һҲ޷Щȣ·ܳҲߵĺܳ


1 ȸ


1 ׯ
޴̫ĵһĨԣ׵ĲؽɽȥˡļʮֵˬʣߴľϹϡĽɫҶӣӭŷ绶ķšصĴϣĲľȻнĺȴȻ¶޾ƺ֪Ͽĺ߹֮󣬴һν٣ǵҲ֮
ʱһС·ԱߣһֻɻССĴһм¶СԴһ˫۾ݣۺɫСצǰ
ͨǰΨһɽ·ֻСѾֹһε·ϼĭˡ
ȻֻСɻûдӿʲôʳɢʱȻԼ˲úͬʱһǰδеΣëը
ȫû׵׷ʲô飬㱻һֻ޴צӲȱˣȫ뵽档
ףҳ㣡
ɽ·ϵһ࣬һʮ۵ȴ
ֻľצһͷ׶Ľݻ
Ļд׵Ļ̻̌צ˿ԼȽױ˵Сɻһ˫۾£Ȼתͷ߹˺ƺ˵ʲô
˹ڴ׵Դᰴ£ЦǺǵɽ·ߣԴĴʮҡͷŰ档
źܼӣֲڵ鲼ɵºͿӿȥѾϴ˲֪ٻˡֻһϴһ˫׵Ƥѥӡ
Ȼżӣȴǳ˳Լͬ޷ȵĸɫ
ĺбһѴľżͷ޹Ƕ̵ֻʴҰúֻβ͵ɽ
ߵ꣬ׯĵӣߡ
˵һյӣһ·˱˶ĸȴǻ
һᣬׯǰˣԿ̴Ӵׯڵ˼ĴǶ½Ĺˣһ죬Ҫ˶ãʱ䡣
ʱ·һʮӵ˿ߣлЦǺǵ˵ɰֶˡ
ߺǺһЦ¶һƤɫ˵壬á
˵ű첽ܣȻŰߵĺ棬··Ĵ
ԶȥıӰ˫֮гĽҼСҪܹһǸöá
ߵļҾڴӵǰ棬ܿ߱˼ǰ
ǺܼӵһңéݷݣټԱߵһСݵΧø첲ϸľΧɵһǽԺֻĸ׼ҵط˯
ʱѾð˴̡
ǰ߲ûеһʱȥȽȫ¿˿ȻŴСһˡ
ͬʱĴҲʮĬĺƺҲڸߵļˣҲˡ
һ䣬Ժһ
߸磬ʲôﰡ
ŴֻͯܳһСŮСŮ˾ӣһˮʯһĴ۾ԲԲ˵ģ˿ȥһཱུĴޡ
СŮߺǺһЦ˻ΣСŮ˵Сȥ߶Ӹ磬ϵǼȼ
šСŮɴĴӦһһһĳŴȥ
Ժӣ߷ľͼȻеҰȷźãֻɽׯԱߵһСϴɾ
ֻɽļ룬ϵעʮֵķʢ
һ߼ҵĳƮζ
ζŨƳǵؼҵĴ¶ĽɫߵĸȷζǴԼƮʱ򣬲˷ܵĺߵĴͣ˵ʲô
Ȼ˵ׯһ԰ĴׯȴҲ˭Ҷܹͷģһ˵ڳԷһ棬Ա˼ҪһΡ
ȻⲢ˵߼︻ԣ̫ˣȻûȡԴߵһζԳȥԵڣûпֶعڴǶ߲ʮ䡣
ǣׯ˶˵ؿ˸ޣ⺢ӣһܵľˡ
һΧͥԺмʯͷӿĵĳͷż˵Ҳʮֵķʢˡ
ʱΧԷ߸ˣߵĸĸɭңС߿еĶӸ磬һʮꡣ
СīȴߵİãһǰԵʱɽġʱīһ˵ʿʿƺ֪Լ˶ãͰīиߣպ˴īߣҵʱı꣬ī߼һԱ
һˡ
ߵھӣߵĹϵΪãÿδ򵽵Ƚ϶ʱ߶һԣҲƴǣֻÿʱ򶼻һЩͷʲôġ
һ˳Էڣߵ۽ʱʱĻ˿ȫϵҸЦݡһٷߵĴ󲿷ʱǰѼīУԼǳԵĺ١
극߸ĸ˸к˵ҪȥҴ峤ʶ֣Ŵ׳ȥˡ
ȴûȥҴ峤һڴ׵ıϡ׻צڷɣߴׯɽ͡
ڴ׵Ĵ֮£ߺܿ˺ɽһʮεɽǰ棬ɽʮֺţһɽڡϣڴ׵ͷģȻ֦ɽǶɽڣһ㣬һ˫ϵĶ˷
ɽ󣬵ȴóһξ룬ɽȻһɹɵ֦ûȼ˲ɽϣʱɽбĹâ
ɽźܶණϺľʲϣΪٵĸʯʮŲͬҰ޵Ƥëɽмһʯϣһһ
ǽϸ˰죬Ȼʮεķ¡֪Լ豸Ǹ޷ģкö๤ҪļӹſԣЩ򣬿ֻгеĸ߼ܹɣǱҪרŶС
֦ȼյĺܿ죬ۿҪˣֻһ
ʯͷǰȻһŲֽóһɫǦһСľȻֽϻһһʻԿǸͼֽÿһ֣ԱԵıǡ
һһĲͻˡСĽֽȻóһţĲ
Сʱȥ֦Ҳȼ˺ü֮ȫãֱŲֽͬ棬˿ͼֽ΢ЦŽͼֽС
߿Կ϶һɽЩƻֵǮҲ޷ƤˡֻҪԵζܹǮȥҪĶ
ʱһһĹȥڻƺͼֽֽ֮ϸСҲ˳ע˳ߴ磬ҪģԱȷȻĻ޷ʹõġ
һ֮ڣȻҵҵĴףɵЦЦ´׵ԴͰ˵ϡ


2 컵Ů
ңʵǳǸ߿һֵԲ£ߵϸֳһ˸֮ɫ
һֻŴ׵Ļͷ˵װ֪Һҡ
𡭡
Ҳ֪ûֻǷͺȻʮֿŵĴһĺǷͱϵḷ́òҪ˯ˡ
̶ϵ˸תޱߵįɫҹգЦ˵˵ĺôؼңҵļҿһңԶңԶĵطе򡭡
𡭡
Ȼ׸֪Ǹʲô
ߵܣû֪Ȼȴһ磬ƼΪִĳ֣໥Ǹһںڰصɱ֣Ѫ顣
װǲ֪ǸʱһٷҪԵһܹʮŮˡ
𡭡
źǣ׿϶Ҳ֪ʮŮ˵ʲô顣
߲Ծ쿪˫̧ԼǰĿţ˫֣Ƕôֲһ˫֣Լ޷ݣֻ֪˫ѾҲ塣
һᣬְλã·ڸʵ֮棬ǿĸоʮֵ
ʱҸоҵȵģо
ѾʼˣƤţһûлشߵκλȻĻشƺ겻ľһ
Ѿˣ¶˵ͥѣһжƺʮֵİƽܸо⸱ģѾɱֵѪ־ҲϢһɱ䣬Ȼô˵һǰɱֵᣬͬǣ˰ǣңô᲻ٹµ
ԣ߾ܵøĸǹĸá
ҹȷǰɷߣƺڲ֪֮䣬ٴξһԼûидɱ䡣
ɳɳ
ȻҰĵǱУڿ֦ߡ
ѸվͬʱҲѾԲ˫ۣ֮䷢ͳ˻ٴСһ̣ײ˶Ұ޵ıܸԤеδ֪в
ΣĸдҪǿܶ࣬ھ߲֮Ÿоһ޵Χ궯ܽɱֵľܹиоһɱ⡣
ԭҪߣȴһקסˡ
ǰĲԶһɫӰĶƺ֧һĵ˵ϣͬʱӰĵ£һѪϢ
𡭡
һŭƨ¶ףβ͵ʱӲҲڵأһ̱Ҫȥһ˺ҧ
ףȵȣ
ʱ߷ǸɫӰ΢ƶȷе˵Ӧٶվֻȥޱȣ˼±ͣ²ˣЩصļ紭Ϣʱʱ
ûҪóȻǰȥһֱվ￴żʮİɫӰҲû˹ȥֻǱʱ˹ȥ̬ƵβͲڵɨɨȥ
˼ӣǸɫӰֶˣڼ֮һߵҰ
Լһһ꣬Ȼ˵ĿǰĵȼһƽϣǺôǿ󣬿ϧǵʱȻԼȻĪˣһĨޣɱֵ궼Ϊ֮
һŮ˵ļһʱ֮Щڸ캼
ʱŮӻ̧ͷʱЩɻһҪ˵Щʲôȴǣϵ˿ڣʱüʧɫСɷףűҿžҵĿԣѪڰɫ棬ųĻ䡣
𡭡
첱ӣƺЩʲôϧԲͨǴ׵һ߳ѹˡ
ʱŮҲֹͣ˿ԣ̬ѾڵػŲݴбɵֻ̬ǵظȫһ뱻ѪȾѾΣĵزʱΣ°
Ǽˣ֮䲻֪߹˶ٻأ㡣ڿ״֮ԥ˼ӱǰ˰Ůӵߡ
ĿŮ֧˫ھҵĲţһܵ˾޴Ĵˡ
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ʮֵҴżɳƣ߿Ըоԭһòһˣס
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㿴ŮӵλúȻһŵɫĹԣɫСƿӴڵ˳
ҩúá
˵ЩŮƺþе֧˫۶̱֮ȥʱ˾ڲݴŨѪɢ
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ûɵıĳʱʶⲻһ˾Сеıֱ֣ӵͷܿԷĿ⡣ŮƺѾ˼ޣûע⵽ֳ߱ûжǳ㣡
ǣæƽ񣬲ȥŮӵա
˫֣ȴȻԵЩɬģ˫Է˿ʱǲͣƬ̡
·֪ʲô˿ʣȻܵ˾ҵش·ȴû飬ֻмƺ̴Ŀ׶ƬѪЩ׶֮
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һմѪ뿪Ůӵ壬ߵ༸Ҫ˳ԭеһѾŮϴĿĵ˿ڳˡ
ԭһϣ궼Ϊ֮˿ڣһ˿ڴȸһֱ쵽Ҳظλһķֻ壬鶼һ˿ڡڶ˿Ǵ߶СֱӺһ˿غϣԿѪģ֮䲻Ѫӿкü¶ɭɭ׹ǡԿ䶯࣬Թ඼ܵ˺ص𻵣ȫ˺
ʱŮٴ𣺡СûбŵĻ͸ϽҩǸɫƿӡ
߲ٳɣץɫƿӣšƿҲҩķֱƿӶž޴˿һ
һƢ㣬ɫҩ˿档Ŀɿڴ֮УԭѪľ޴˿ðһŵĽɫȻֹѪ£˿ڸѪҲѸٱɫ
ͬʱ˿ڵĿϣŮӵĺ䷢ҰһȻǼȵʹĥ
ʱߣȻӳǾ壬˿ĲΣΪ˽ܵλöȫûбı¶ǰȴһ⣬һ𾪲ѵ
صƣŸ߿ƼҽĵҲԾΣҲֻ֮ǰŮӣȴȻǿĻţһָ֮죬ⲻò˵һ漣
ҩְŮӵ·ù׼ϣȻʱŮȴ˵Ҫһ£һ֮Ҫһҩ
ǣߺ˳ӵĽ·ַŵһߡ
ƺҩԵʣһΰŮ˵òôˣҲ˳
Ĭһ䷢ǰСȻԼĳһλÿЩ񣬶ΪŮ֪Ǹλζʲôʱ޾׵¶һɱɱֻǳ˼ӱˣȡ֮һӯӯЦ⣬һǰСζ˵ôǲǸǶĲһ

߶ʱһ󾪻ʧ룬ʵû뵽Լֻ΢ôһۣôһ侪춯صĻ
һϣǰˣ
и̣ȴ¶ãļ
ʱŮƺָһЩǿϣȻЩֵ̿ߣ˵һй
ûУ
ʮ˵
ǣŮ΢Ц


3 
ŰŮӻָЩ֪Ѿдˡ
ֻղһɲǵΣЩģ֪Ůӻ᲻Ϊɱڡʮȷһ̰Ů¶ķǴɱ⡣ɱֵɱľԸӣһָıܣŮѡûɱƴ󲿷ֵԵ䣬ϾһСӣЩʲôοҲûлˡ
˵йȨһ̽ˣҲϣϾԼвÿĶԼǴףԼ˵Ŀ˻
һӺܿȥˣŮβû߸ҩԼҩƿӣֱ˿棬֮󣬾ߵע£Ϸһһ׸ɾ·ϡ
ҩ֮󣬰ŮԻָ࣬Ͷ֮¶һɸ߹ŵ
ʰһУŮӳȻһЦҲ˵ʲôվϸĴߡ
۾Ưޱȵıʯޱȣǻޱȡ
һ˫۾һ˲䣬߾͸оԼ·һӱ׿ˣﵽûʲôܹµġ
ţ
޶˵ģŮӺȻ˵һ仰ͬʱ˦磬κηӦָܷܷһһƽâָˢһ±û뵽ߵü֮С
ʱֻԴһˣ۾Ȼ㹾һԵȥ
𡭡
һԵĴһ߾ôһͷԵʱ󷢻ŰŮ˻ſצҧצ֮ϾȻһɵɷ֮
ֻǰŮ⣬赭дĻһƬտԣ綪ɳһ㶪˳ȥɳʮԶ
ӳȥĴȻ˲ᣬһȴһ˫ȴɷĶԶİŮӣ֮䷢Ƶĺ
ѵ㻤Уոͨ鿪ϣ͵ľ綼ûдﵽСϣһҲˡ
ŮӲԶĴסĿӯӯ򵹵صߣ֮Щӡ
СȻֻǸСְңһҪĨȥһμ䣬ȻѰأΪҾ͸һЩôɡ
Ůţ˫ֺȻֵӡһɫ쵵Ĺ⻪ٴ뵽ߵüģ׵ʶ֮С
ЩŮӰһƮܿʧҹɫ֮С
ҹ¶أׯɽ֮УȴһΡ
εһµľŮϲʱʱԶʱƺԶߣʱȴƽߣһ֮
Ů軬һһĸա
ѽۣ
ĸоʱȻһʹƺŮֱ˻Ʒβ룬̵һۣҪ
һ飬𳹵׾ѡ
ѵ˲䣬һҰ޵Ǻȥһ֪ʪʪĶϻţҷн˺
æ۾㿴˴׺ͨͨͷͷݡ
ʱһĳ嶯
һµξеĶҲһ롣
ô˯ˣ֣
֪ǺɽûԼ˯ŵģ˿գȻҪ˶ˣȻԼ˯˴ҹ
𡭡
ֻˣ׺
߿׵ʱ򣬾Ϳϵ˿ڣݺύ飬ȻˣȴѪܵˡ
ԣһʲô£
Ȼô룬ôҲ벻ʲô飬ƴҲֻ뵽Լɽ滭ͼֽȻʹһ죬ƺȻˡ
ʿУ졭
ĹԺ֮ƺʲôһ㣬Ϣӿ
ô£Щʲôǰ֪
һȻһ亹̫ˣֱδš
ҲǾ˵Ƭ֮ҲЩôģȻԼѾ֪ˣǾͱŴڼΪʵһЩϢ˵
߽ͷ֮бӿ俪ʼһתΪԼ֪ʶͼ䡣
һһеʱѾˡ
ⵥʱ䣬ͳＸСʱɼЩϢӴ
ˣЩ䵱аȴûлӴĶ
ײɣ츳ãʹһԵ
߱ɲðĵ̬ȣԼһʮֿ׵ʮ翵ɴˣ㳹׵İˡ
ԭĴ½ϡ
꣬ȴ֪Ϊ򣬱żб֪´¡
վңԶɽأʱ˿̣ԭȫׯѾ׳֮һɳӰ΢ˡ
Ĵ½ޱߣ˿򡣶ׯһ׸ĴϽ֮ڡ
׿´֣ǹϢ
ʿ
ﾺ棡
ǿʳΪ
һʿ֣Ц£λֽӵһ
ַΪ죬׷ڹ͡ѾӵУ׷Ѿǵհأͬ٣ͬ⣡
ʿһﵽ쾳磬νһ죡䷲׽ΪƣΪһﵽ쾳磬Ԫӽǧ꣡
ǧʱ䣬棬׺ֻǿߵҲֻǼѡ
ڻһζûУȻȥ׷ʲô翵
ΪأľŴ󾳽硣
ӵһ忪ʼΪ⣬ͨٳᣬʶϣӣȶԪѭ򽥽ν
ʿͨиŬͿ̿ϵĿǱܴӶںϲΪӪŸߵľֱؾԪжĲ򾫻ǡʱ쾳硣
أ
߽˼άι̵˺档
ͻأĶûԵķָտʼַȻʮֵĽӲȻﵽһٽȴ޷ķӣţĻֹȻʮֵ
ţΧ
СɵĻһӦþҵԿ
׼һڴϸĿľ߬ȭͷȥ
ԼСʮעĶҽǰдǵķŶգһЩס
꣡
ȭ磬һȭȥɿݵ׮棬ȭͷֱӶһȭµľ磬Сˡ
һȭ߻ǸоȭͷʮָؽϴʹԼԶԶûдﵽ֮ԲƽշԲ硣
ջȭͷߴͳһЩֹѪֹʹҩ׷ϣȻؼҡ


4 С˳
ʱˮׯһת֮䣬Ѿȥֵ˴ůĵʱڣʪꡣ
ׯɽĵطһ޳ûݴյأ߹ȣһ༸ʮɽȣɽ֮вڶޣ̾ŴĶߣǵԵĽ˽߹֮󣬾Ҳû
߹ҲԲǳƺΪ֮ء
ʱ峿⻹ûздеɽҰ֮͸¶ɭɭĺ֯µϸ꣬߹Եĸİء
ʱ߹ȻްĴ֮Уܳһ޳ݿŵ꣬ߡ֮ߣԵ˾޴ı仯Ѿӽһߣ¶ֳ۵Ҳø㿡ã֮ԼһӻҪ˧
߿ɲΪǰһ˧ܹԣ֮УɳĻƽ׶Σһ˿ĽΪҲΪҪĶ
ظ壬壬壡
Ѿ̤ػ⾳ȴȻжĿ
ಣ
ɫ̿㣬߹ȵĴ֮бɡ
νýǣԳ񱪣Ų֮˿û·ѭɽҰ֮ƽأ֮ƵľŻߣٶǰҲʰ·磬ԶԶ˦档
ңܹ˫ֺȻץһڴϸɵľ޴ɡٱ֮䣬ϰһо޴ɽ飬ͼֵĶҲһɷɻҡ
ɲҪСľȻֻڴϸǷȴ൱أҪ֪ľĲʿƵľһɳľ˵Ҳ߰˰ٽ
ֱһξ룬ۿҪ߹ȵĳڣ߽Ųͣȴһȣо޴ľɵһתֱתͷȻžľٴα߹ȵ
۷ȥܳףſԶ֮аӰһצڿգХűܹǰȣ׵ƺִ˲ֹһȦ
ףô࣬첻ҿ⣡
١ĴףߴЦһٶȲ񱼡
𡭡
׺ƺڿ飬צٶȿּӿ˼֣Ѹٵıܵ߹ȵȻһ۷
һһȻھ
Ȼ֮ٶѾߵĽˣԶԶ˦˺档
ڵٶѾȫԽ˺ؾʵȻֲиĽ
ͨһҪżϵʿ֮ܲ·ϼȥʮֵء
ȻʱҲûеģļУԽι̣ĳɾ;Խ
䣡
һṦ߱㱼ܵ߹ȵ
Ѿ߹ȵĹȵˣǰͱڣͨ磬ᵽİ޷ڡ
ھ·ԶһԲ׵Ŀյأһ׵Сӣƽʱ֮Ϣĳ
ܵ߽еľɶһߣȻವһ븽Ĳݴ֮С
Ƭ̹ٴγֵʱ˫֮Ѿ˼ֱ۴ϸĶߣЩ߱ߵʳ
ĽƬɾСȡɲȥտ
ֱʱײų֡
ף̫ˣ
ţʯͷϳ̲סЦ
׺ߺ£Դģİ߶ڻԱߡ
һһ⣬ߴׯ￴
ѾаµʱûлȥʱӦǲո˰ʱˣ˵ʲôҲҪؼҿ
ڻȥʱҲջҰƤëߵҺҩݵȵȿԻǮĶȫϡ
һһٶ죬һСʱĹ򣬱صׯ
ߴŴ״Ӻɽׯʱ򣬾ͿׯׯǰĿվˣкԵһ׵ʿ
һȻո˰ˡ
ѾЩʿʽϿǶɶǵ˽
ɶǽ׸ʵڵһǳأϽŷԲǧĵׯɶǵĹϽ
ЩĲצɫҲʮֵĲÿôɽУԼǲɫۼһĴǡ
ǳ˽˰˽ˣһѹεĻ
Ⱥվ
һ˰ĲһԲԲֵˣһСͷģ˫۶۴ʾǾɫȵ֡
ʱԲվȫǰһһٵķԡ
λף׸ĴҪһ飬Խ˰Ҫ

Ƕһۣڲ˰նѾصˣһӷǳ׶ǵĻ·
Ԭˣ˰ʵ̫ˣòкá
Ⱥ߳һ׷ˣׯĴ峤
ţ
һòԲֵԬ˶ʱֺһ̣ɫȥ
׸ĴǷˣղ˰ҪԴأҿģҲֻеԴˡ
˵ţһ֣мʮ˽ǰһγɭˡ
ţϴ峤ɫ԰ףŹȥԬҪкðòôǮ
ϴ峤£Ԭ˲мһߣ³֣
ʱеĴǶŻˣһɫ԰ףҳ
ׯϤˣԭĸ˰ѾظٷɱҲòġ
Ԭ˿û֮ģѾһӵĻѰ˼Ҹ
Ԭ˲ɿڣϴ峤ҲһֱŲвظǼ仰
Ԭ˲ͷ֣߹һֵ˽ϴ峤ǰٵҪ¡
Ƕʱһ󾪺ЩצȻҪɱ˴峤
ߣ˰³
˸Ƕ̲ס۾
ಣ
ʱһӰĲ˼ĳڴ峤ǰȻһֻĿסǸ˽

˽ûüӦȻʹĵ˵ϡ
ͻȻֵߣȻǲĿǾôѴ峤ɱġ
㣡
˽Ծȣֻ˵֣ͨһ·˳ȥ
һǿ׳ʿȻôֱӱ˳ȥҪж
һĻԬ˺˼һֵļУָߴ󺰣㣬㾹Ȼ췴ˣ͵ظɱ
һǸ˽߲ûм֣ǴһƤӶԬǰĵϡ
ȫĸ˰ҽˣԪǸ˰Ҳ´࣬Ԭ˲ҪΪѴǡ
߲ûѡ֣ȻԲĽЩ˻ɱһͻׯ֣֮ɲǱˡ
˵꣬ҲԬˣֲϴ峤˵峤ûˡ
ɡ
ϴ峤ΡΡվߣݺᡣ
ӰׯĶţ
΢΢ЦЦ峤ҲׯˣӦõģǻȥɣûˡ
Ԭۿûмֵ˼æ˵ϵƤӣһȻǾ˸ԪʱϲѣԪֲܹõĵģֵ޴󣬺ЩƤֱûȡ
һԪȻһתȵţ
ţ
߸̧ҪߣɶԲӺת㳲Ŀ
Ԭ˻ʲôԸ


5 ɽͼ
Ԭ˺סߣٺЦҸղȻһ׸겻Ҫ˰һҪһսο˰ȻҪȫ˽˰ôսο˰һ˰ɡ
Ŷսο˰
֣ЦѣԲ̰ᣬĺЫүϵˡ
Ǻðɣǽߵ;ҶβݣǿԻǮĶȥ˰ɡ
߲ɫģֽƤӶ˹ȥ
ߵҶβݣ
ԬһȣææĽӼ֤
ȻװǼֵƵĽߵϡҩľҶβݣЩɶƵҩϺҩģʮ㡣
ãã
Բһ˫С۾߾ǿһԪҲҼ̰ȥСһʱ͵ʰˣղǸ˸˽գ֮ӳȥǿף֪ǰϴһаСˢӡ
ƤʰãԬһ֣ߣ
㷭ͷȥ
Ⱥȥ۽ɱ
ߣҵĶô̵ģǾ͵ɣ
һڶĴׯһȺ˿ҪѹκһӲŻȥҲģµĽ˻Ӳġ
޼ɵצ뿪ǲ½ɢȥǿߵʱ򣬶Ͷϸмɫ
ܵľ˵ģׯĸ
һ꺺ӷĴ峤һһ߸̾˵š
ھôгϢһܹ٣һǸصĺӣ
޲Сš
ܣ
ܵܣ
߸磡
ʱߵĴɭɴī˹
ãϸůЦ⡣
磬磬С
ܣģ
ɭǰԼֵܵļЦ˵
ǷĵĿޣԴǵϿޱȵԺҫ
ипʲôֵ壡
ǰûֵûѣһ˾һ磬Ѿ˺ҹͱ䡣
һЦЦ˵磬Ҳڼңչ˵СҲǺܲţ
ЦЦ˵ܣׯϣҪȥһҵģôһֱڼ
ԣͽǣ
ɭظˬ˵
߸мĵͷǣңңůҲ޷ġ
磬ЩǮǴϣðЩ£Ҳŷġ
˵ţóһСӽɭ
ɭҲѣֽӹ
ֽ˼䣬߱˴ׯٴνׯɽ
һûȥ߹ȣׯɽ
Ȼһߣһ˫۾ɨ˷
ɽϥ趯˫ֱó츴ӵƣƵ۱任ۿɼģһӦֵͼһһı֣Ƶ治ݡ
˿Ժͬһ˲ҶɽȽϤĻܹһͼɽ¼ޡ
ʱЩѭתͼߵ󹹳һεؾͼ
ͼĳ֣ȻɻǰȻ򵽵ģ·Ժ֮еһȴŴһܹͨһ׷ӵĿھͼٻ
Ȼϵͼϵǧͼֻǲ֪Ϊʲôʽ֡
˼˼켸ҹȴҲãȻûͷ
Ķ޷͡׷Դֻܺǰʧطɽܴйˣǰɽܴվɱ۷塣
ǶɽŽĳԣԻ滭ľ츳ǰԺĹճκһɽеޣǸϵе飬ȻЩͽ˵һ󲻾顣
ͼ֣ѾӡߵԺ֮Уɽͼ
ܹоɽͼ֮дޱߵܣֻԼʵǿ޷̽еİء
صɽͼãӰˮһ㡣ƾתȴ޷˽ࡣ
˽ӽСʱĳԹͨȻһ
ͨľ磬İܹеһ
ȻСʱĳȻû˿ҲʧϾⲢһһϦ飬ġ
ʱӽ磬ɽؼҺͼһ緹

߽Ҫ顣
Ѿںػ⾳ͣ˺ܾã˵Ϳ̤ͨÿһ뷨
һΪɽͼĳ֣һҲоԼĻﵽһǰǿĵزѡͨ
ʿһؾ磬ʽҲб仯ǰĴתΪɣΪΪһͨͿͨϴ壬Ǳȼ򵥵ıܸضһĶʽ
߾ڷĴϣϥĿȫ뵽ҵ״̬
ھڿνᳵ·ȻЩ鹦ǸɡݣǶصļ䵱ϸĽ˹ںȷṩһЩʮֶصȴõĲʹڱ֤·ܹͬȼʿ֮ӱ
˵˿ѹԼĽչٶȵĻҲǺľˡ
УΣ࡭
Ĵʻ㲻ϵԺ֮תţò
ʱĵĹȥ仯Ӱ첻ߡ
ȫɳȥ
֮䣬߸оԺ֮ʲôһ㣬ȻһƼϸ΢죬оһϢΧӿϵĸŻµÿһϸϴһʹˮһ

˲˹һţһ³ʱˬޱȡ
Ȼ´̣һȭһȣܸоǰһ֮ȻЧǷ
ͨ磿Ȼһоڵǿ˲٣һ֮¿ǧˣ
߸оǰδеĳ棬ˬǳ
䣬ǵתš
Ҫ֪һʿڴﵽͨʱһ֮ҲһǧһǧԿǰĻѹЧ޴󡣶Ļι̣⽫
ǵ߳䣬㿴īſڵСĿһ顣
ʱɫѾɽȻ֪ʲôʱѾˡ
С
ЦǺǵĺһ
ѽ߸磬ڳˣ㶼Լڷأ
ߵСѾͷϲޱȣе鱾˹
һ㶣ԼȻڷ죡
Ҳãʱ䣬ǸɶԲѾѹ֮뿪һǺûᡣ
뵽⣬߶С䣬Ϳ첽߳ׯһڣױӲԶɽ֮д˳


6 һƵ
ﵽ˺ؾ磬ߵٶȶ࣬οȥɱˣҪѡ
𡭡
׶־ĺצȥ
׷֮Ǵʦģڸ߿Ƽݺĵܹץοʱ
״ڿҰ֮Ѹٵ߮ţҸζѰԲӵ˵ټ
СʱĹѾԲĴׯһ飬׼ȷԲһ·ߡ
Ȼǻɶǵķ
ﹷѹε֮Ŵظġ
ѡ˷ߵ۾һĨŨҵɱһĴ׵Ĳӣѭټ׷ȥ
΢󣬷죬ĵĿʮֵˬߵͷ
ϱӵߣֻӱöûڲԸ°ԼĶóһȻɱ֣ǹɵȴ˿
ԲթķʽĶһΣȻҪԲӼӱĳ
ǰ˽ӽ߱ԶԶǰһƻӪأԼɼѲ߱ƥм󳵡
˵ԲӺĶϢĵطˡӿдζ߾ܹ׶϶
ףȵԱ߶Ҫ
ϣСԴ˵
ѾȫöߵĻˣʾܲͬ⣬Ҿ޴ĻͷԶӪ졣
һ㶣漴ЦЦĴ׵ͷ˵飬˫ȷŲۣ绢ɽӪصλȥ
ʱӪУмһ棬ԲԬͼΧһСԲ̸ƣϺõľƾµĲˣԱ߻޵ƵЦš
ΣȻһܡ
ʱģԲӺ޵Ů֮⣬׸߰ˣ˶ǶʮͣϴɾǿʽͲ϶һģǰɫۣǰҲһŰɫĻ硣
˵Уһ˽üĿķȥӢ˲ߵĵһе㷢Сӣͷġұһɫ꣬˫ӥȴǵͷô
ʱСһֻŮӵƨɣʱʱЦ
ԬԬҴʱȻЦĸһ仨Ƶģȴ޵ֱҧѹҷʮڵƵƵȰžơ
˿ڵĵӣ˵Ҳܵǡ
ƺڰ׸ѹûôֻòĴǶ˲ֵԪҩģˣԲҲһۡ
Ȱ֮࣬ԬҵĿ޵Ĵɨ
ԼκӺӣڵĵӣţүҼסˡԬа
һβǸ⣬ҲͬǸɶ⣬ɶҲĸԸı˳ǣڵ˰̺ôġ
ԬңһҪһ飬Ѿ¿飬ҪСϣǧҪ˲ӡ
мķκޱĵ
ǣȻϾǶΪ׸Ч
Ԭҹĵ
ȻƤЦⲻЦģСԼӺӶܿó
ಣ
ʱԶӰ֮дܳһϸӰӣӰȣٿٶȵǿķǳ
һѵ˴צ⣿
֮һֱԱϸ۲첢û̶֣ҪΪ֧Աǰ࣬ɶǵ˽һٶȫװȻ˵ɱûʲôҲĲ
ȻƲ߶룬ǺӰǱãмĴ֮Ȼһȣһݣò
һ֣ХŷɳһȥȻǷǸӰ
ڣ
߿ףʿڵɷΡ
澹Ȼʿɵĵӣ⵹ǳߵϣȻǱ˸֡
С
Ԭüͷһźңκӣ⡭
κ̩ɽ˿
޷ӺһӦˡ

ͬʱӺѾغӰ֣бһŻ棬ſǵӰһϸһºڽˡ
ˢ
ҲǺصʿȻˣγ޹ǵŲڵĴǳȥ
߻̾Ѳߵ˽ЩȫװսʿǶʱߺŻΧ£
ߺ޹˼ɣ䣬һ̴һ˽Ļףֱֺ࣬
ͬʱҽŷһ˽塣

Ƶҵ죬˽˲䱻߷ϵ
ʱ˽ҲΧ׷׻Ŷ̵ǹϵź
߶ɱ¶˾ռߣûһϰкƵƵӵĹ򣬾жʮ˽ߵĵ»߱Ҫ׷ϵ
Ǹ͵ϮĺӰƺʵӺӲ£˴ʱѽѷֵĲһ𣬵˸ݺᡣ
ڽնɱ˼ʮ˽ֽ֮ŶЩľˣǿѪʢҲս߰ʱߴһŭĽȣ͵һ־Ȼ͵ϮĺӰЩ֧ϽѾɢҡ
УľһȣȻˣԼ򡣡
һĨ磬̤زԾӺ޹ǵҪĴ̳
һ̵λѡʮ׼ʮա
˫ۣʺЩطΪĵطǾǿߣҲܽ⼸λ覣˵Ǻʿˡ
һȻǴӺӵĴұ
ӺҲǱо󾢷ʱĽвгһ䣬Ӻͺ˶ǰ۷ͬʱһԻͼڶһͬʱһ͵Ϯ˴ɱ
Ȼ˵ӺҲǴﵽ˺ͨԲľ磬ٶȶ޷ȡ
˵ӺӷӦĿ죬ߵĵ죡
̵Ӻʱλֻƫ˲磬һ׼ȷޱȵĲӺӵĴϣͬʱųǧ˲佫ӺӰſ¡

ӺһɣߴˣʱŭгٴζϾȻһһƻ档
һвѸٽͬʱһ㿪ӺӵĽ棬Ȼ𵶷
һĨ˸ֱӺӵʺ
ڻӵͬʱ̧Ӻӵ˫ۡ
Сӣ֮ݣ
ӺӶʱɫһףҪȣʱߵĵѾͨпӺӵʺ
һѪӿǡ
һжϺӺûüȳֱͦͦĵףһ¶ûС
һȻ߰˳ɵĴɱɣεֻһͨ޹ǵ
Ӻӣ߿Լвײ޹ǵסҡͷ
ʱĵѾصӺеǿڽ


7 һж
ɱΪľһԼյֻһΪͨ޹ǵҲϵ׷һбľ衣
ӺǺصʿǵٶȶۣ˿޷ƽƽȻߵĻʵޱȣһ£һʿԸںһ滨ʱ䣿
Ҫ֪һʿڰ֮ڴﵽ۷壬ɵļʳɹء
ԶԻʮֵɵģһȻ
¿νľͽӺһնɱΪȻڱ˿ʯ쾪ˡ
һնӺӵʺʱĺӰȻһ˼ľ
ӰһŮӣʱǰȴŮһšҹһԶļߴ
䣡
ֶӺеǰѳҪ׷ǺӰŮӹȥȴм֮дߣӰѾƮ˹
һգ۹һǰһ˽߶ס
˵Уһ޳ķһ԰֣˵ڵκԼˡ
һӺӵʬ壬ɫ䡣
κһѳǹ˸ɺĺ⡣
κǹǰһ㣬˵ɱŵĵӣȻأҲӲ
£
Լһ˫ɴʱһ㽫ɴߵԴкȥ
ɴЯǿľ磬һ˵Ҳһǧ
ӭķɴ˿壬ոնĳǰһ㣬ڽŲãֱӭŷɴ˹ȥ
ͬʱκҲɺɫĳǹȻһǹҫۣųǹʩҲѸٵĶŲ̤£ٶȾȻ޼
һж˿ҵģǰƽӭСԼͬʱֻԺ磬вһ
˿Ѿ˺صľ磬࣬
о˺湥κʵһļƽϣһֱϣǿֱӽʹСնɱǺȴǿŴ򿪣пܱһǹ
뵽ˣһҧг˿ͬʱǰȻһغ΢ƽ
ǣ
ಣ
гڵʯֱ֮նСԼӷɴ棬ĺϣڹɳȻֻ
ǰԼٶıǰֱնϷɴ֮¼æһֻɴͬʱˡ
Լˣһһ̧һ죬һֻ

ʱߴӱϷκóǹ
ýƻӣ
κһȣгǹٴαǹһ㡣
ҲΪֻͿ˵κĿֻŶԷս࣬ȻȡȻ
﷢ȫǶһ
ԼȻ֣ٶҲʮֵ۱濴ʱһ亹߷һһб
˺
ԭ׼ʺԼҼͷϻһѪӣѪ졣
߲֮Լֱתгκĳǹһ
ǹײĽ

˸ով룬Լ㷢һĲҽС
Լ
κԼҽУгǹһΣֱ粽Լߡ
ٿʱԼµķɫڵɫҲӿ󸯰ܵζ
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κһ֪ԼѾûоˣ涾ʱǿ֣߳ҲܹȻ
˴˱˴ˣǹ̰գаԵĹΣһҲ
ǰߵˣһ־ĿһУһ־Ȩ̰ᡣǰڵӻɶĲ٣ô㶼ϡ
ߣǲ֪жôǿСС˲֪ߵغҪ֮أ
κȻ
һССͨϣҲвʱ
κЦѣ߾ڿһֻӡ
⻰߲ŭЦһۿҪˣһûС
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Ҳڶ֣֮ųκͻȻ
һ̤ƽŵɽͷɱһֻӬ鶼
˿ûо⣬·һжƿ֮С
أһƳƶʱһץ˹
Ԭˣ㲻Ǻôôھӣ
߿űԼСһԬң˵
κӾң
ԬҹѼһĺͬʱɸһţƺǺµ˼㡣
ûϢĶ
κűԬңû𾪵ɫǳм
ܹԬҵɶǿһץһѣԬе˵κĻ֣ԲƫƫûһֱӾήˡ
㣡
Ԭۿʱ
󣬵ҲǸɴޱȣֱָһ½ԬҲϣȻһʬӵһ㡣
ݣ
κʱŷΪĺԼǰɬëͷСӱ㲻ʲôԼΪǮѣΪ˵λֵܣΪ˶ܼҷнˡ
ԣκһֱΪԼһĺݵ޷ݵˡ
ŷ֣ԼԶԶݡ
㲻
ߺȻһֲɣޱȵĿ˵
ҶΪѡ
κЦʱһУ޷ǾΪ档
κΪܶ⣬һͻúƺһ֮ĺ׼ĵֻҪˣȥ
㶮㶮Ҹ㣬˵һеѧ
Ȼ߹Цޱȡ
ʱκƺԼʼƮƮǲһơָо
ʱκȻѣ
㣡ôµĶ
ѾˣһǶԷעʱµĶ
ˣ
߹ЦţƵĻ˻еĳ

κҪܻǽֱҪˣȻͻһԼ
Ҫ׷ˣʮ֮һʧ
߿ʼκ͡
Ǻؾ磬࣬ҪѣҲò²ߡ
⻰˵ģ˼һѪĳ嶯
ʱʧҩѾȫ˳κ˵ľƹһҡҡλΣ˵ʲôˡ
ˣ˵ˣ·
䣡
˵Ͷ˸һ̳
䣡
̳߳ɲǣһκ˳κžҪߡ
ͻȻҵĻ棬֪߱Է
ܣ
֪κ˿ҵģͬʱֳˢһ±˳ȥ֮иǷɳһֻں
ˣ
ŨҵĻ˷߻ðսζ֮еĻƣͬһ㣬ʱǿᣬȴܵ˲С˺
һκȻ


8 ͻͽ
ûϵκоȻ󱻷ڶһЩûд󰭵ƤˣȥȻǱȴ˽ǡ
ʱ߲ûдϢĻᣬΪһ˽ȻǻΧղͷʧĶʱѾһ붾׷̱ȥĿƲûıɢȥ
Щ˽ȻҪȫɱܱ֤һʧߴʱѾ޷ȫ׷ˣҲͲܣǸȥȥġ
ֻڵϴϢһӣվκʬ塣
߹ȥʱиʮֵۣǾ
ŷǼӹɫβ⼸һɫ˿֯һ滹ż貵飬ƺ΢档
ɫβڻҫ£ȥض
⡭ӦǸղλİɡ
β̲²⵽
ȻǸղǸĹںӺսʱģ£βκʬǰ
ǹ
ӵϼǹߵ˵࣬ʵǷʮ㡣
۾һƳֿκϴһɫĽָܹоһ΢
ţпռ䴢Чķ
߶˵ָһ˿뵽˽ָС
ǣôĿռ䣬ʮС
Ĩȥκڽָϵ֮̾ͳָˡ
ʿܹԦӵװҲˣֻҪעһ˿ں־ȥȫԲݡ
Ҳ˵ʿķװֻΪʿƷֶιڼ򵥲԰ףһͬεʿܹĨȥӡֱӽߣҲǺʿװ𷨱Ҫԭ򣬾̫ױ˶ˡ

ĽָϣȻѳǹԼķɴһԶĶ˽ȥ
ȱľװһ£ѲɽҪ޹ǵڴɱ䣿
ʱӪسһصʬ֮Ҳûʲôˡ
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ˣǹһˡ
ҲЩ̴
֮еĶ߶ʱһ
ж˽ӡϡƤҩݿʯһЩԪЩԪԲӵһǴȱȽϵʱȽϴĲԪЩʺܴƷԪҲüǮ
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ڣǸøлأǸ÷ǳлأ
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ҲʩʩȻʤسʱӪؼʮһƬҰ֮أһСӱϣһλµľŮǰļĺˮü˼
ķ˿ˮһɣ˫üԶɽľ£һɰ빴ǣ£СһǾ¾ޡ
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Ƭ֮Ск۾
㣬ҿˡ
Ůʱ¶ϲɫ˵ң
ңСкգգ۾ƺЩԥǽסĴߴ٣˵ᱻһ˼ȥˡ

⻰ʱһףƺʲôµ顣
촽ҧϱ鿪ʼ˸
ǲڵˣ
ңҡҡͷ˵ǣһ˧Ĵ硣
˵꣬Скңóڴ𰣬ƺ֪ʱЩʲô
˧Ĵ磿
촽Ժ֮иֳһŴ˵аݡ
˵ĿתƵĺˮ档
Ǹһɱ˺صӺӣǳޱȣʱͻһԼ²ȫˣھȳܵңǳ롣
֪ڵĵӺһ˱Ȼ֣ȴȻ뿪ˡ
᣿㾿˭أ

磡
ʹһŰɽ䲻Ĵһ磬׶һ
϶ҡ
ӣèɽתơ
ûܽЩ˽ȫɱΪ˱ɽ֮дϼ죬вĵ˽׷٣Ҳᱻ׵
߻صׯ
ص߱ԼĹڷﲻˡ
Դ뿪ǸӪ߾Ϳʼ˼һ⣬ǾЩӺͲôԼˣ
ЦЩɶǸׯǵѪ̰ԲѹεԼ˽ˣ˵ȥ
ؼ˴ΣҲûһʵİ취
ȻʱҲһЩǡɶǵ˽Լնɱ˴룬µ˽һȥ棬ʱ˵ɶǳŭٵһĴׯ棬ɾˡ
ɶû֣Ҳôں
ߵǲôںɶǣһͬһˣڵ˶Լɱû»ڣһʱҲ׷ٲοʿɲȥɱˡ
ʵ˵
ö⣬߲ݵ
ͬʱ֮һһɽͼ
չͨϴ壬һνڵ˳
ǽرٳı֡
ٳҲһḶ́Ȼ޷תΪսʽȴ壬ʶϴӳҲΪᾳ׼
ˢˢˢ
֮ׯĺɽϣ¹±ɣ㡣
̶̲ʮʱ䣬߲߲ݵֱӿԽ磬뵽˺ᾳⲻò˵һ漣
ٶȻѾһ
һ֮ﵽǧٶȸǲ˵ˣصʱѾȫԽ˴׵ٶȣֻ޿ֲݡ
ǸڵҲǺأڵٶȣ׷Ѵ֮

һﲻ߲ݵҲǵƣļ㣬һɳ
ʱѾԻ߾ɽϼɽϪˮϴɾֱϻտ
һһһ֮ƽڲݵϺ˯
ȻǸ𾯽䣬ֻݵĴ׶ߣһػ
ʱĴףȥˣ˫֮Уʼ˸ǻ۵ķâ
Ұ޿޵ı֣ǱĬ֮УҲ˱ʵɱ䣬ʱĴףԺؾʿҲһս֮޵ĵȼ֣Ǿһޡ
޵Ƚ׻ִһ׵ʮףһ۷ʱ൱ںصʿ۷൱ںصʿ
ﵽĽޣǿǿߵĴڣһưԡ


9 ׷
һ֪˯˶ã֮䣬ԼһΣһõΡ
Уһ¡ƮƮӵŮŮϢ˻֣̿Щ޷
еİŮӣ΢ƺͣ˵ʲôȴƫƫһֶ
֪˶ãŮ裬תȥһĨӰߵξ֮С

ȻŷѾգˡ
һ˯൱ʱܸо¶

һȭԱߵһʯͷϣʯͷ鿪ѣϡﻩɢһء
һȭ֮ˣʵǿֲ
ȴûǰ¹
վһ½ǣ߿ʼƵĻؼҡԺ֮ȴȻǲеΣ˵пĶٶʵôһ˿ǣǶΣȴʵҲһĺۼ
·ϣгֵǰŮӰòȻԺ֮Խˡ
ŮĿЦһһ޵ķ顣
ԣκܲѧ
䣬ҲҲʲôʱʲôطŮ
˵˼ҹΣԼûмŮȴƫƫһֱظͬһΡ
ͬǼžɽͣͬǰµľŮ
˵һܲѧ顣
صУīԺ飬绹еﶼȥæȥˡ
߸磬˵ڼҳԷ
īߴŲ鱾Цӯӯ˵š
ţ֪ˡ
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·㣬ǵŴĸʿǿʼ֮ǰҪģȻⲻ߾һ׷ŵʿߣֻϰߡ
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߻һξٻΩΩФһṦһ£Ůĳ̬ԾȻֽϡ
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극óһЩӽɭ˼뿪ˡ
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һ߳ȥûдף˵齻˴ףϾʱѾﵽһ۷ʵȫԱׯܱ۸һССׯǿĺֻǿֲʿɶὫĿעӵ
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Īǹģ
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ˢ
һ˿룬̻һâ뵽
ֻһﲻߵСңǰ
һһʱʹߵƶٶȣ¾Ҫ׷ȥˡ
ಣ
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𰶯ˣǰҲƹһɽͷʧҹɫ֮С
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һ·įҪҲɣ
ȫתɽͷʱǲߵСɽϣһϮ£վĳ裬ٷ̬֮

üһȻһ˦˳ȥͬʱŲͣѸٵվλñȥ
ûŮ
߿ӭķУЦǺǵһ±ӣǷ˸ǰֻһգ㽫ץ
㣡
׾ٵľץסԼһȣȴûȴ˼Ƭ̹ǰͤͤˮһվ
ʱɫȴʮֵĲÿ
ץסһѶ̽ȥԶ϶֮еϼѣƷļ
ͻŮɫôÿЦǺǵĽж̽͵ǰƺǱԼĳ⡣
һ˿죬Ƭ̣ǽ̽˹
Ϊʲôأ
ҲֻЦǺǵġ
𰽫̽ջصȻС֣ỹҡ


10 սȺ
ʵ֪˸ˣʲôǰֻ׷ٱɱˣᱻ׷١
񿴵˸ںѪ͹⽫ٶķֺֲܹ׷ϡ
֪ŮʲôĿģôһ˵ˣǰĺŮϴԲ˵Ǹˡ
ٿСкﻹף
᣿ʲôᣬôû
߹ⲻ˵Լġ
ʵҲһֱɣŮֻΪѰǸɵװΣô֪ϵأ
ѣ
һԵң۾˵
߲СңǿЦҿǰĴæͲ˵ллʲôģ
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һֱǰָܷܷȥʮֵĺÿ߲ͻһֱ֡
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Ĵ˸ǷȻʮȻɽʯͷ
ʵɣ˵ǸǼˣҿûɶãָˡ
ˣˣ
˵ְˣʱɫһæ׷ʣһֱŵҲһ´ȥ

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һȺڱǴԼжʮͷԼһĴڡ
עһͷ߷ʵҲǺصӣȺ֮һ¶صӡ
ڱóΧɱ֮ؼ汸һҵжһ£Сܡ
ʱҲȥСŮˣֻȫעעȺĶ
Ȼ˵ȺֻһʵǺؾ磬Ǿ˵ȺóΧɱҹؼ汸һγһ̵ıݣҪͻƱؼѷǳ
ȺԽԽʼպߵ˱һľ룬ϵ쳤Хƺڷһ˳ᢵζ
䣡
ʱһǸѪȳǹ֣һͻȻķȥ
߽±ãһ΢ɲĲӰ˾һ硣
ǳһ£ңȫȥ

ߴʱǹ᳹ȺΧɱֻ࣬ҪնɱȺףûв
ˢˢ
ҹ֮£Ұֻһ˵ȣѪȳǹâ¶
Ҳ̽СĵĽ䱸Χ
أ
ƺǻۣһߵ˳Լʱһ߿ĺΧȺ߿£Χɣ
ȻĬ
ʱһͷľ޴󣬳׵ĺڱѾ߽ߣѪȳǹȻһ䣬ڿлߣ˲նͷ
죬˼ά³ǹѵͷҲоĪΣ幭𣬷ԾǻûߵĳǹѾ׼ȷĴ̴ͷ
ѪԽҵǺ˲
ֺֿ߳ݣ׼ȷһǹǰһͷǣȻһתı䷽򣬴һͷ
ˢˢˢ
ĹѾ̴ͷǵԴ
һĻ𰶼ɫҰף֪˱ǿû뵽˵ǿһ־ˣֱնɱǡ
һ뿪̨ȥ
ɱǣҵսϢڣڴϢ
쾳ʿսļޱԽܹӳҲԽʹߵǿޱȣͨʿҪ֯ܵȺ֮лɱǱȵ춼ѡ
ԶĲҲ˲䱩ŭˣǺ֮УµȺʼһĳˡ׷ſ˷צҪĳ档
Ⱥܳ棬Ҳһ
ȺΧɱΪľһһǰĳ棬κצʱ־Ĳ޾Σ֮С
Ҳסߣ
ߴʱҲ˲ôˣѪȳǹ趯糵һ㣬ɨ
žžž
üͷ˲䱻޴ͬһʱ̣ߵѾצ˺Ѫ
ȵʹ˲ϮԺ
ڱǵצ滹һܹĶԣҲǺڱǵһ֮
ʱѾԼܷӵ۷ˡ
ۣ
ǹٴδ̴һͷ޴ǣϣҲצ˺ѡ
˵һҵսһȺĲսͼɡҪǶ־Ŀ顣
Ⱥһ־ǳȱڣôɣ
飡
ֽǹȺ֮ɱһϸ΢ȱڣȱֻǵ֮䣬㱻һͷӾ޴Ĳǵס
ͷһֱָȺǵ
ߣŸ𣿣
һתͷȴ﷢㶣߶ʱһŭȣɷ˵ǰֱץסļȺʹȫȻһ˦
ֻĸо߸ûʱᣬȫ˲䣬ͬǣŵңȻһ˦ֱ֣ӳȺİΧȦ


11 ȭ
ۿһֱɵɵǶ߲ѵģֻܽǿƵӳȥ

ֻüһ㲻ܿƵķɳȻصҵϡ
Ͻߣ
ߴŭѾͷôô˳ǱȺɵˣһֱûѪȡ
ȻûʱЩƴȫңӳȥ˲䣬޴ֲĲѾһ£صĴߵĺϡ

ģֱӱǿһĳɳ׶Զ
۵һһѪӿ߸оһƼҪĹͷˡ
ԶѾվÿ߱һµĲҳ棬ʱĻʧɫ
ߣ˼пܾͻߣԼְﲻʲôæ
㣬ߣ
ңʱȴ¶Ӻľϣ뿪
ǾҲﲻκεæˡ
ô󣡡
߲ҵһ˲ȫʹ̣Ȼվгǹһ׼Դ̡
ಣ
ۿǹǲݷǷȻ˹ȥ
أ
һУٴ˫צһ޵ɷ֮
޵ɷ֮ʿɱɷ֮ԽŨңͱʾսԽǿʱɷ֮ʮŨң׿⣬߾ĸоâ罣
ɣССޣҵҪжͣ
ԽսԽ£磡
ԺؾԿӵкأսҪǿĺڱò˵Ϊѵһս
ǿֲƣʿԣڶͨĲȻ쾳սͨԵں쾳磬ͬȼȫսʤͬȼʿġ
µʮͷڱڲָٴνΧסʺ۾ŷĶ
أ
߳׼ŭ˲֮ȺƺҲ޷ȥΧӰĳ
ˢˢ
ֻΧӰצۻĿϾӡ
ಣ
ǰһϮǺڱѡ˹һ˫ǰצߵץ¡
һƴһץ̾ʸĵ³
ԴУۿѪȳǹһɨ罣ͷѸ͵Ĵ̹ȥ
ž
ǻۼߣڵĳǹֻԴȻһᣬǹǹ⣬˫צѾĴߵǹϡ
ʱ߾͸о·ǧ֮ѹǹһ㣬޷ƶ
ˢˢˢ
µĲҲҪĳ˹ƴ˺ҧץ
ȥ
Σͷ߹Ϸǹָâһ֣һ㽫ͷǵǰצն¡
أء
նǰצĲǶʱʲѣѪɽ
ͷʧȥս߶ʱ˲٣ǲ߷ǹʱ˲䣬̷ŭһ˹
˺
߳ͻӣƴһӺݾͲһĽ
ն䣬ǼӲޱȿϵ׵Ƥë߾޴նһ˿ڣΪҲ˲СĴֶۣѪܵ˿ڡ
նУһĺУ˫֮˸ѪһӲûߵһ׼ԡ
УЧԽԽˣսپ
߸оԼĶԽԽЭҲЩ
ڱǵЧؾصʿʮֵļɵοֻǺصľ磬ĵֿԶԶǿ
ʱȻоһֱǱԼԺɽͼȻ˹ļ¶ƺҪٻ
ͷһ𣬹ȻǻɵؾͼȻԶߵ
ӵĻɣϢبŶ೤
Ȼ𾪲ѵǣʱɽͼ棬Ȼһͷޱȵѩײǣ
ԣ
ߵԺ֮˲両ֳ֣
ִ̰ţ̣ҳϡ
ԵߵԺиţһ̣ԼΪ̵˽⡣
ѵЩǵԻɽͼйǵ
һ뵽һ㡣
Ҳͬһʱ䣬һޱߵϢʼӵ꣬Ϣ֮еԪأƺգ֮䱻Գ׵Ĺһ顣
ԣԣ
ܲѣȻܵĲԼȫԵİǰԵľѣ֮ľȻһ
ȭ
һȭִ̰šǿƴ̡ҳϵȵһ壬ǺεȵĹ
ȭһȭѪ̰
ߵԺУһϢİ£һɺޱȵȭͷ͡
Ǻɵģ߸ɲ֮Ĳȭһȭӳ
¡¡
ޱߵȭӿʱΧһƬ
бȭⲨĺڱǶĺ˼ֲ˫֮˸η塣
һȭ㹻ˣ
ǰ̤һɱ¾֮񣬵һȭ
ȭһȭܹʩչģֻһȭ

ޱߵȭ⵱£һͷǸӦֱӱͷ­
ÿֲȭͷ
߶Լһȭˡ
ƺ𺳵ĿʼѪ̰һ㣬һȭޱߵѪɱ⣬޾Ԩһ̰ͷ
ΪޱߵȭⲢûɢȥȻʼŲʬϾ
飡
߳ʤ׷ȭÿһȭŲںص
ֻǼĹ򣬳˲֮⣬еĲǶһȭͷ
ǿһǰ̧֮ոĸоһֺ˼㣬궼Ϊ֮ĸо
ڼ䣬Ҳɱİһȭ
ޱߵȭ⣬ĲǾϵıȭɣȻع鵽ߵС
ָо
ߴʱԼûΪȭƣۣԽԽҲԽԽ棡
ߵȭѾƲɵ
ԵĹܹղǵľսݿһ㣡
¡¡
ֻһȭȥٴαɣû˿
ߺ飬ȥŲҪĴš
һȭȭʮȭʮȭ
ͭͷǶһ˵ǵȫΪλãڸտʼʱȺʱȻǺһ㡣
ںˣǲ۷ޣҲסˡ
ʮĹѾϰȭŲ׵̱ȥѪ˫͹ĲˣŰ֡

һŷԼѪˣȫ¶ѪȾˡ
ȺǼɽͼеԣҪǸˡ
ʱȭȭյʮֵǿ߿ʼŽЩתΪԼһȭܹ˵תΪԼģǵƾһȭͿ̱ºɨһС
ܿϧǣڳһ߷ЩֻܹڶʱΪԼãŲǵɢͻʧ
ء
źһд˷ǺжѾһȺ


12 ̨
һζԺڱȺ˵ޱȣȭûսʤĿܡ
дȺᵽѪȣҪ˶þͻٲߣµʱȭ֣ҲҪʬ
뵽һ㣬߱㲻ҵ飬ϲʬʰָ󲽱㳯̨ķɱ
һ·֮ϣ߲ϵĥȭİ
̨ʱȭĵڶȭѾѧᡣ
ȭڶȭֲͷ
Ѫ̰һͬһʫ֣ȴ֪һȭʫⲻմߡ
̨ѾҹˣߴʱòҵմȾѪۣȫһ˶û
̨򷱻֮عȻ鴫ʱҹʱ֣ǵ߲ʱȴȻһŵƻͨľ
̨򣬹ͨϱͨȻЩСġ
Ҳɵĸпǰ̨ﻹһӣǾһĴǣ
ǽ¥Ѳӣ£һӦȫ
ڹʱΪ˱ۣʹӽָһ׺ɫۺҴϣɵĽӡ
˵̨ܱڵıӻ֪ǲġ
һһţǰһѲ߱˹
ιʲôģ
Ѳ߶ӳһ¾Ϳ˵ͷߵߣһȣһס
߸ոյ̨ҲԸ£ߺȾͣ
ʱ¶ѪѲ߶ӳԶᵽˣ½Ųӿ
СӣѪȣɱԽСߺߣ䵽үֲã
Ѳ߶ӳ˸վһǽǰ˵͸߿
ɱԽС
һЦһֱſڿӣһ֯Բʲô񣬲ǲɫȴǴ⣬ЩСôҲ⶯֡
Ѳ߶ӳĺУʮѲ߶ԱѸٵĽΧ
үǹ·ˣڰ·ǿƴӵģ㡣
ˣ
һĸ֪ҹҰ߲ãСӷѣ
Ѳ߶ӳҲ۹ⶾһ۾ͿǴҰ봫ġ
ֵǣץͣ
Ѳ߶ӳһߺȣһѲ߱ѸٵĶ֣Ѿó׼ˡ
Ѳ߱Ѿ

߶ʱŭˣԼװˣ쵰ôߣǾֻܹǻ̫ˡ
˫̧ѸޱȵȭȻȻӳ
ʱȭĴ£׳Ǻҹգֻȭͷ۳ͷӰ
˫ȭĲǣ˺Ѳ߱š
飡
Ѳ߱˲ŤΣѪɽѪ£ֱӱ顣
ȭڶȭֲͷ
߸ոշȭ˲䣬ǲޱȵǺѾڵ˵ֲ˿ֲͷʱʱ̶̿ޱߵĿ־֮С
һȭȻʫ⣬һʩչȴޱߵĿ־ʵ
˲Ѳ߱ɫġ
Ӹǻˣϧû۾ֲң
ǰѾˣϧ˲֪ˣҪǻǰ߸Ͳָ֪ôд
ʱѲ߶ӳѾˣ۾ֱĿű״Ѳ߱к죬ȴǲ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
̨˲꣬ʲôĺ˶״ż˿ĸоȴʷΪֲġ
㡭˰
Ƭ֮Ѳ߶ӳȻһмӾȻתʼıܡ
Ѳ߱Ѿŵȷֻǲܣʱ򿴵ӳˣʱһɥ֮Ȯƴܡ
ܣ
۽һ˿̣˵ʲôҲˣ̨ĵ̣˼ҵĵɱˣ»ڣȻ
ಣ
ӰһΣŲ磬ֱ׷Ѳ߶ӳ
ͬʱȭսȭһȭѪ̰ƴ
أ࣬ߴʱһֻƮɵӣգ֮Ѿ˵Ѳ߶ӳ
һȭֱӶѲ߶ӳอضǣһĻѪȣ˿ѾֱŻˣȴ治ɫһûС
նɱѲ߶ӳ߰Ҳͣ׷Ѳ߶Ա
ֻʮĹеѲ߶Աһȫɥߵȭ֮¡
ȭ̰Ѫһ壬ȻǷ
˿ԼմѪʮָͷҲĳ̨ķشȥ
ҹɫأ谵·£һӰӡ
ˣֺ׿ǿԿǿǡ
ĲԶĿͻأĳһѩɫӰӣӰӳֵһϢûУ·һ㡣
ĿԿһ˫ǵӣҹ֮⡣
һ˺ȻһУһ˳ȥ˲ʧ
ţӰһΣҲƾʧˡ
ôãˣ
ʱǰͷ·ͣһ
ղȻȥһֱޱȵӣȴѾᵽɤۣεѹһ˫۾
Ȼһ˫۾ǿģǸоġ
ǺǰѲ߱һģԼɱѲ߱ȴûг棬ɴ˿صĸֲ̨һ
Ǹˣ쾳ǿ߰ɡ
ǿĪ⣬Ͷ֮䶼Īƣһ񣬶Ǻʿ޷ģҲΪصʮֲֿҪԭ
ʱǸص뿪Ҳʱ˲٣ѸٵҵһϢľ¥Ը׼ˮͷ˲Сһ׸ɾ·
ʹʹϴ˸裬˿ȥʱˬ࣬Ա̷С˶ɵð̾
߸ոʱʵǰСһǰľ޴󷴲ЩӦ
͹٣μӱſ˵𣿡
ȻĳԷС˱СĵĿʡ
ſˣ
⣬߶ʱЦ棬ĲɣԼҪ߾ˡ
Ǳſˣϸ˵˵ĺô
һ˵һöϣձͨĻңɽӴ졣
߳˴󷽣С˶ʱֵüЦѱſ˵һȫ˵˳
ھ̨ȽϽÿ꿪ʱڶŵ˵յӣϣзš
ſ˵ݣȴÿһ궼һÿζǰ˼ġ
СƵֱһٷꡣ
͹٣Ǵ󸻴ţȻܹõʶʱһһɳ졣
С˵Ҳƨɣ˿ûε˼
ЦЦһѽƵСǰЦǺǵĵǱڵſˣҵȥԣøһ£ĺãȻô㡣
ҪģҪģ
С˶ʱܳһġ
̨ˣһʮŮһ߰СкһǵϢ̸ҡ
ҪˣȻСңˡ
Ȼû⡣


13 ̫
̨Ϣ죬ЩǣѲ߱ƺûκεĲͷβ̸۵Ҳ١
֮ߵǰ̨תһ顣
Ҳˣ̨кصʿȱȽǣżǿ߳֡
ߵǵǣʼû䡣֪ǸңСкƺһصĶԿ̽գ𰻹һ𣬾һġ
ϣ߱ʰһУǰμӱڵſˡ
ڵſ˵ص㣬̨ĵľ޴㳡ϣ㳡ʱѾɽ˺ˡĺʿԴԴϵӿ
Ȼ˵ڲǿʿɣⷽԲǧﻹž޴ƣҪе˾Բ
Ҫ֪ҲźüλǿߵĴڵġ
ߵ㳡ã˾
쿴ڵǿˣ
Ҳ˳Ⱥ̧ͷȥȻԶƮʮƬɫĹâ
գ֮䣬ЩɫĹâѸٱ߾ͿЩɫĹâȻһƬƬ޴ҶÿһƬҶ涼վһۣӶıڵӡ
Ⱥڵӵһλߣ߰üԦһѰ׹ɽһɡ
ûɣǸԦɽѵǱ֮һִ̫죿
ǡ̫죿
ûУǾǱڵ֮ҶӣֻҪһƬҶӣǷ˶ܹзУ
ԱС
ҵ֪˵Ϲʱһλǿߴµһӷ̺ž޴֧Ƿ˷ʮ졣
ߵļУйĽܣʱҲɵĸе档
ʱӹעǸΪߣڵִ̫죬ܹԦɽʣȫһֲĴڣ
˵֮䣬ʮλڵѾ㳡Ͽգֻ̹˸һҶ䵽˵档
̫Ҳɽȵվ˹㳡룬רΪ׼Ρ
̫콵棬΢΢ɨһΧȺֱߵ㳡ΪĵλıڵǷֳŷֱվ̫ǰࡣ
ƹȻǷ
ıʿв̾
Ҳ֪ûмɵɢʿǲôɺġ
ɢޣԶһȺ壬ǿʳʿԶһεľ档Ϊһ㣬߲˼ɵ˼
һ㳡ϱһ߿һڵڵõ̫֮󿪿ڵġ
λչұڵſӦ̨ڣ⣬һεſ˽̨ԱһӹսѾͣμӿ˵̣֮ǰظϵ
ʲôӹս
һεĿ˵ص㾹Ȼǰħսӹս㳡˶ʼС
ӹս
߿ʼ䣬һ֪ӹսйϢ
ǰħʿ﷢һģս˲֪ħʿŻǿҲС
Щʿ˵ûʲôͨ˶ԣ֮ؾһضֲֿĴ֮ء
һʱ֮䣬˶ΪӹսĿֲͷɧȻҪ֮ǰϵĹ涨
һôῴ
Ѿˣ粻ֻСʱʱ䣬СʱҪһٶ·ҪӦԽĿ顣
һǻ۵һء
һֻ˽Լҽпͨˡ
˼ƽϣһɨֹ㳡иǣһƥͷڿ֡һϲ˵첽߹ȥֱӽƥ
ȻԽʡӦԺĿ顣
̤̤̤
ٵһһȳ
Сӣеǻۡ
㳡ĵĴϣ̫Ŀһߡ
أеǻۣϷҪ󣬾ǲ֪ܹܲ˲µı󡣡
̫첻ߵʵָƣʱȫԽ㳡˵ϢգﵽȻصĵز
ֱſ̨ʧڴϣ㳡ǰμӿ˵ǲŶʱʩչֶӹսķȥ
һСˣӹսĹն񣬵һʱѡ˷
˷Ǵ̨ӹսĺʿǵǳǧˣ
ˢˢˢ
ӰܶӸտʼ˳ɢһСʱ󣬴ѾӰ
ߴʱѾԶԶĳԽˣŹȥһСʱѾ߰ʮأҪСʱܹӹս
ڵſ˵ǱĲã֪ʲôеڴ
һ߿Уһ롣
ʱȻһɥŮܰȵң
߼һˤתͷȥǸԴ˵ʹһʱߺȻһ紵һ˵Ӱǰȥ
Ůӷǰ߶ʱʶĻͷһۣȴ˿ûм˼
һ߶ʱһ־޵ĸоŮȻ˵Ǿǵ֣һò޶֣ޣɽˡ
棬ôŮ˶࣬Ҫ֪ǰŮɾʹ󲿷ֶģûʲô߿ƼȫǴȻ

һսٶȵĿʻӺһĳ˹
˵ǸŮͻԴˡ
Ҳˣ˭֪ߵߺȻٶȼһſεһߺȻȵ̧ͷ죬ʧе쿴ô

һ㶣ʶļ̌ͷ
⿡ۿУһ˿ЦȻ˫һץҪߴȥ
СӷӦ죬зҲǱץ˸š
Сӣ͸ȥɣ
һȣ˫
ǵ֮岻ǰģһⰵʯι̵Ŀ棬ƾôץ㶼˿
밵ң㻹˵㣡
ߺ飬˵֮ȭһӣһȭͷ˳ȥ
ǻȴҲһ㣬ۿߵȭͷǿľʱֱһȫ¾һһѾ㿪ߵȭͷ
һʱʧȥƣֱͦͦĵȥ
ˤҲգһµҪǸС椣İҰ
Ʀʮ㣬ֺֺЦ¹һЦð˵Ҳᣬǰ
ӹսҪˣû˷ѡ
һṦߵǰһտޱȵڣɣޱȣֻǿȥһ˵ĸо
ڰΧѾʮվ
ףӹսˡ


14 ȭ
սأ߷ѾʮȵˡǸ;ԽŮҲȻУʱһվһλþĿűֵĹս֪ʲô
߲ǰʱŮתͷһۣתͷȥ
ˣеҲŮһһˣеľһ֪˵Щʲô
һʱ䣬绹һСʱʱ䣬ҲżԼһλϸĹ۲ӹս
ӹսԲмͳͳţ߳뿴浽ײʲôϧȴһ㶼
ԼСʱ߿Ǹ˹һ⣬ĴǸŮʱʱüЦƨƨߵ˹ȥ
ִܿͷɥˡֻԼŮǳ⡰жԶԶ겢Ů
һĻ߲ɵЦ
ЦʲôЦģ
ǻó̾ͿϼЦݡ
ܻӣûһЦΧ˶ͶһĪ
Ц㣡
û˵ţһİ
ʱ߲ϸֵ꣬Ƥ׾Σ͸죬һ֪˼ҳҪȻҲôٿϵĴţ廪ϻŽָ塣
ӵܾҹӣжϡ
ң
˻꣬һһмܴĹô
⻰һתЦ⣬ҿܵףҲҺҴģ
ģ
۾һģϲ
ʲô
ƽĴһӮˣͽҴ磡
ģƺһָͷܹƵġ
Ҫأ
Цʡ
ֵһ֣ҪˣͰ㣡
ӣ
߶ʱЦˣĵػĶأļԼӵעģ
ԣӣҪ֪ǿǽεεľ˶
߶ʱЩŭˣһ治Լӵ¶
Ҳĺ棬һ˵Ľεξ˶Ǹɶӡ
ǺãһΪ
ž
ʹĻԼ
ҷŹԼ⻪껹죬һͲһĺ˵һѡ
Ҳˣһ۶ĸһ˵˴ҲֻֽǸòɡߵƯȴһϢû͸¶
˴죬Ѿкü˵ӹսأʱҲϾҪˣʱʮڵִ̫ĴҲӹսıء
ڵ˳֣֪Ŀ˾Ҫʼˣ㼱æ˹ȥ
ֻ̫ԦɽͣӹսϷͿմ˵ܹʱϵ˵һôʽʼʽʼ֮ǰҪһ㣬ǾһμӿˣԹ
̫˵Ȼأʱһ޷ܵǵصɢڳļȫΧ
ԹȻпᡣ
˸ҲɵðľҪΪɵĵӣҲԴߵе
֪ʿĲп̶ȵģǼпĳ棬ʱ˸֣Ҳ𾪡
зģĻᣬұڲκδͶĵˣ
̫ϣһͿ˵˿ʼ˳ˡ
ԼһӣŻվԭزˣ̫˵ͷȻйâ˸ֳһɫƣֻһ㣬㿴һâսϷİ֮Уʱһ¡죬˾ȵĿУ·һȴŴһ㣬ذϿһͨ
ܹͨͨԼӰطɱ֪ʲô
̧ͷʱ߷ǿյͨ棬Ȼ֣԰
Ϊһοרſٵһ԰ŵĶұڻޣǿ˵ĵһؾǽ߰԰֮Уһ֮ѱһͷ޻ޡ
̫˵꣬һ٣һصĿ˿ʼ
ಣ
̾мʮӰȳͨ԰֮С
һĻҲ˿˺󣬽Ų̤һݱֱͨӽ˰԰
һ룬ӭıһɻҰϢ֮µǿߵޣݡǻ¹ʨԳӦоУչ׿ӥڵͿղϷС
԰ƺһǿţƾЩôͻҲ޷ͻ뿪
һʱܶݣ߽ʱͿмʵǿѾս
޵ߣֻҪǾȫշ
Ҳ˫磬ʼѰ
̻ڱǣצܣ񣬷ӥǣ
һ޿ȻԶһһͷ޴󡢻¶͸¶һɷ֮ĺɫһ˫̰ѪɨΧ
ޣ־֮ǣ
һ־֮ȻǣȴںܶطΥͨǵϰߣȺӣ־֮֮еĶѪײжҿ磬ǺʿΪľ֮ѡ־֮־ǿܹշ
ʱ־֮ǣеҲ׼˳ֻһ˻һϯȥĿһͷ߰ײеĿ־֮ǡ
ޣʵѾ൱ʿĺأ۷壬൱ʿĺأֲ쳣ߴʱֻкصľ磬ʵǾ޷շͷ־֮ǵģҲụ̂ǾԵĸ
̵߰Ŀ־֮ǻ񣬿˳ʱ
ڳ˲䣬ȭգޱߵȭȭɢͬʱһ仯ȭǰһͷӰ۳Ρ
Ѫ̰־ͷ
ͬһʱʩչȭȭ֮еĵһڶȭ
ȭ⽻֯߰Ŀ־֮Ƕʱһ㶣̵˫֮˸һãɣ֮䣬ƺоĲһ֮࣬еߣ
ǿ־֮ǵãҲֻһ˲֮䣬̶ֱޱߵķŭ
֮ɱĳȱȽǣһȫǿʳĴַ塣ʱͷ־֮ǵУ¾֣ҲҪһ
ಣ
־֮һһĨӰſѪڣ¶ɭɭ˹ȥĿߵʺҪ
óѣ
ۿ־֮õͬʱȭ¹ȭ̧ȡлĲԹ־֮ǵ䡣
ǵҪ

ٶȿƣ־֮ǵٶҲצӲǶߵȭǾڴʱߵȭصڿ־֮ǵ߹ϡ
һȭأĿ־֮ҲĺףҲôܣޱսͱͬȼʿǿᣬʱԽսһ棬Ѫ
־֮˫Ѫ죬ƺĪĶ֣ȫ֮׼һ
Ǿʱߵȭȭⷢã־֮ǵٴã
ã
ץסٴγ
һȭͺ˼ȴᡣ
һȭȭȭ
ӽʮȭѾ죬Ҫɢһ㡣
Ҳֻʵ˿ֲĵزȭȭĸܹ־һʿǺذصģҲδظսͷ־֮ǵѪƢԡ
շתŲ֮䣬ߺͿ־֮ǵսѾ֪ӿ˽ӽԲһľ룬˲ҵĹۿ
ʱ伴󾯸棡
ʱ԰Ͽգһ
һⲻ֪ľȻͿ־֮սһʱ䣡
ʤܾʹһˣ
ȫһλӳȭ
Ѫ̰־ͷҾĻΨгң
һȣ˫ȭɽһ㴷¡


15 ѪǹԾ
ߵһеǰÿһιҪǿᣬҪԵһεȭͷ֮иŨ⡣
ҪһǬ˫ȭ֮³־֮ǡ
ء
ߵ˫ȭ־֮ǲһʱǿ־֮ǺȻһʣȻȫڵأ׷˷˫֮Ȼ˸ײк̰ȴ˿Һ߶ӡ
һĻ߾ˣͷ־֮ǣѾױԼˡ

ȻԷѾʾȻὫԵȭֱӶȥο־֮Ѿ˵ֿ
ۿȭͷҪ£ߺȻӲһת˫ȭ־֮ǣȻٿ֮Ȼ趯ж
ˣҰɣ
߿˿־֮ǣʼ滺һڳʱսƣ۵ĽǼ⡣
־֮Ҳʮվߵ
Ȼսʤ˿־֮ǣ
ֲ̫ˣ
ȭ¾ɽ嶼ܴƣ
СۣҲ⣬֪Щ󲿷ȭڶȭȭĿֲϢӰ졣
ʱ䵽
԰Ͽգ̫ſ˵һس׽
ǣڶʿŶ
ߴ¿һ£һ֮еûм˶д󲿷ֵ˶շ˲ͬȼޣһǰμſ˵ʿܳɫ
棬̫쿴һۣѵõģ˫ž޲˸һ˿ɡ
ι˵ҵͷһĸİɡ
ҲշһͷޣȻһͷĿֲĴܡ
ô٩һЦˣⱲӾͶԴƵĸȤ
ȤζȻǶȤζҰȥˡ
զࡣ
ܿһ£ǸŮҲѾͨ˵һصĿˣЩ𾪵ǣշ޾Ȼһͷݣ
Ҫ֪쾳ʿûзҪշ޼ܣ¿Ѿ߸˴ͳͷ
ҿͣô̵Ķˣ
ƺʱŷڵһ̲īˮһĿֲ֮ǣʱʧɫ
ֲôڶڷˣֱѹһͷ
ʱʹ಻ѡ
һȻվĴܾȻ΢΢Χ˵޸ǲֵţܿߵĿ־֮ǡ
ǼһҵСȫշǿ־֮ǣ滹кüأһرһѣǰþˣɣ
ϴ˵ǣ˵һοˣһܹõ޾ĺôϴ翼꣬ǸɽðëͷСܱȵġ
൱ԶһطһȺС˵ţ⼸Ҳ˵һصĿˣ׼ӭӵڶصˡ
һȺ֮⣬Ϊڶ˶òͬζߣǸ˼
Ϣ˲һӣ̫ٴγ֣Ƶһһͨ򿪡
ͨһ򿪣бƺڽһսһ㡣
ϴεľ飬ɨ˼ͨڲͽĿ䵽ͨϿգȻֳ֣︡
ڶؿ˿ʼշޣ⵶󣬵ִ棡
̫򵥣Ǵʱͨ˵һص˭ҲΪ⵶СӹҼһļ򵥣浶ǹģԲͻᶪС
Ҫסܿˣû˻ͷ·뵶ҪôͨҪô
һնʱó࣬ѾſˣѾȫ޳ĵز
ô
Ⱥ˴ǰĿ˴ûҪڣҲûеֵز벻˾ȫϳ
̫ɫһ䣬һ΢ɲĹâǰ˵˲仯Ѫˮ
Ѿǻˣʿһ;ǧգ򵥵ĿˣұڵӣҲǺͷûʲô𣡡
ڶؿʼ
һμǿƵģ̫һӣһ󾢷˲佫ȫͨȻ۾ע£ͨٵĺ£
ߴʱҲζڱеĸо˵⣬͸
ǰδеģǰֻձȶصˣб˵
һ̣߲ʶʿ磬ԶԶԼҪпᣬҪѪѾ㹻ѪˣȴȻ𺳡
ƽһ߿ʼǰĵ
֮б㿴ǵɽ𺣣ӵѪˮͬŲ֫ϱɢ˵ζļȵĻһһĽ¡
ֱǵ
˽ߵڶ֮Уʱһֽ˵ĸоɽ𺣳ܣѪȿֲ۾ģĻѪˮ֯һĨǵĳ
и˿־ǣ󣬵ид˶ĵĺɱ·ǰľһʻսӰؽ֮֯γһ뽣ĳ
һʱ֮䣬е˶ʶͣ½Ųûһ˸ȳ⵶С
Ҳ֪ˣȥͨѾգҪ˳Ѿܣ̫˵ģҪôǰ˰Ҫôʬ
ҲûóȻĳȥͨϸĹ۲죬Ѿ֪Щʸ涼ڷ˵ĲΣûиκǿߵĺۼ
ֻҪǿ߹עԪôгȥĻᡣ
ҲģʱնĿ飬ǳ׼Ķ־
ϵĵһĹɣĻҲһĹɣֻҪ͸ɣ׼϶պٶȺŵ㣬ȫԴ󣡡
һѾ¿еŵĻȻȥֲˣǴпһ϶ϵĵҲһ
͸˵ŵҲڳɣһڽָеǸɺ쳤ǹ
ɺ쳤ǹȻ˵ȲǺЩȲ֪߳˼ȼʱɺ쳤ǹȫ׾ٵǵеκһѵ
ಣ
ö⣬Ͽǣǹǰһָǿޱȣһͺ˳ȥ
Сӣ
Զͣڸ߿յ̫쿴һ˾ȻǸ뿪̨ˣһ䡣

绢ӿХ֮ƺӵԣ߸ո̤ķΧڣʱʮǰҳ֮ļʸŻ۳ɾ޴ĻŴ콵¡
ޱߵĳȻŵɱ֮˲佫֣ʼɱ
һֲѪȵḶ́һ̣߸оԼǴıϣֻһľ롣


ĸҵгǹϴǰɨͬʱ߶ǿǰ
⵶ķΧ󣬴ҵľ룬Ҫ˰ΨһĻǴ
ƾɺ쳤ǹƣϵն˷ĵնǰ
·ȻݣȴޱȣԲͻ֮£


16 Ԫ
ǹֵ꣬κÿһεĴֱ͸ʱ޿̶ڱǿͣǿ
ʱڵеߣȻģɣĶȴɾȻ򣬶ÿһεĶܶۡ
Сӣ
̫ʱҲȵ۾עߵһһ
ã̫Żһ̾أܹٶȿƵ˾磬һ⣬ܹұڣȻһ£
ʱȻ֪ԼıѾõǿߵĹעҵõ˺ܸߵۡ
Ƚ뵶󲻾ãҲ½½Ŀʼж
еƾ޵ǿֿеƾٶȿٱڣ൱һֵó˷ǿʵ
Щ֪ʲô취շ˷޵˳࣬ٲԵ͵ĵһһĶԿ콵µļ档

һǹһŵַ裬ͷƮһŻ顣
ʱҲ˿ڣɱĿҲ˺ۡ
һһǶǼ͵һ㣬Ȼ˺ƣȴû˼
ǣ壬һף
һߺȣгǹָ˰
ĿǱ˰Ȼ֪ûһأһȷʵƴȫˡ
ƺҲ׼˶־Ҫǰȥ
ˢˢˢ
ޱߵĵӶߺХȫȻ塣
Ѿη塣
ڣһХȵ˱˰ĵϡ
ϣǿǱڵĴϢ뵽˵ϣȻĵĲᡣ
һֽ̤ʵصȻоޱȣͺñȴһ춯صĴ֮󰲾˯һ
Ȼ⡣
߸մϢ˼ϱһ
һ󣬽Ԫһٿš
߱㿴һǰԶɢһɫ΢ֵ˹
ǰϸһߣȻһȭͷСĽɫ«
ұڵƵԪۺ˼ʮҩģй̱Ԫٻָ湦Ч
Цеļ򵥽һԪͻ뿪֮С
ߴ򿪺«̾ᵽһܰ㣬ŨĵҩϢӺ«˳
̱Ԫָöָء
ŵһҩ㣬߾͸оһ泩ֱͳԪͶԸԵԶһ㡣
Ȼҩ
ⰵɫĵҩ߾͸о²ϵӿЩıԴƣ۵ѸٵĻָ
˿ԱȻſڵϴĿǣҲģֱͳһѵҩԼа˾ſš
ǣţ
һߺȣҩ˹ȥ
Ҳǻ۵Ĵڣᵽ˿еҩʱ˫۷Ź⣬𽫵ҩһ̽ӡ
µҩ̾;ࡣ
˷Ѱ˷ѣȻԪι
ʱһ˴˵˰
̧ȥԼĪһʮ꣬üĿ罣˫۾⣬ͦΣȳޱȣԿźܴȴǶһ̤ϱ˰ȻǰڵһշѾ˵С

˵ĵ⣬һԵĿڿ˻
Ҳţ
˿˼ߵĴڣƺҪֱӳ֡

߿ɲǺǵһȣ㵲ǰ
˰ǲ߷˴ʱ͸¶ʮֵǿ󣬺Ȼͨ˵֮ûһա
ߣСС죬ҿ
κһʿǳ˷֪Ĵڣһĸ֮ʱ˿˿ηʱһŭ
ˢ
ɫ䣬һһŰڣһԲεɫֱ˳
һУȶ
أȶǽõǿ󾳽磬磬ԵԼӳһ֣ǿһĹ޷Ʒ
ɫ֣߾֪ˣ˵ʵѾﵽ˺صľ硣
ʵʱʵ㹻ǿͿȫţ
һͿˣΪǰҲһǰʵĶܶܶ࣬ǮȨȵȵȣʿ磬ǺʵΨһ׼
㿴ԷǺȶĸ֣Ҳû˼ǽͦıֱһ˿
˿òһ˿Ц˫˲צ
ʮָ繳ɭˡ
ʱǸ
ڶ󣬽Ԫʮš
΢Ц˹һһģһĽɫ«ˡ
˳֣ɱ⣬Ĵнӹ«ֻǽɫĺ«ϵһתֱʧˡ
СӣҼˡ
ٴν˿Ц˵
˴˱˴ˡ
߲㳲ģҲˣ˾Ź˵ˣʱһаͷһвˬصҲԼصʵһߡ
˵Ĵڣƺʮּɵա
˰֮ؿޱȣߺ˷ֱռһߣ˿˶ѾԷ˵ˣìҲڷɿļ
ҲһƣôСˣһʵ߳󲿷ˣʮа˾ŻͨˣʱڱڣԼɾͶһ۵èӡ
ʱʱıͻȻһ£̾͸оһֻӬһļӷθ
ʱҲûʱȥ˼ĵèӵ¶ˣΪһʱѾΪ˴˵󣬷׷׵˰
˰Ԫʮţ
һҲˣֻǰ˰˲зԪ浽ÿһ˶ʮԪ
Щȵǣǵ˰ϵˣǸշ˷޵ŮʱѾյԪԶһָ
ߴһ£ʱѾ˰֮صʮģһڵµڶǻʼûȥ
а̾ϢЩһֱǻˣľʵҲֹڴˡ
ȻҲףһص󣬿ĲʵͬҲ־͵ʶʿһ;գûй˵־һǰĵʶһҲֻںǻ
ʱϷһ磬գ֮佫еĵȫɢ
۾޷
ٴ۾ʱͷԭĵѾʧԭϷ̫ޱĿˡ
ǵʶƣٹ
̫Щʼṳ̂뵶һȺ˦־һޱȵԪɵķ
ṳ̂뵶ȫӰ٣Ǿʹûгֹһ㡣


17 ۽
һ֣ͽǼȫӰ٣ǿߵĿֲڴ˿¶ɡ
̫Ŀ䵽̤뵽˵ȴûͨ˰ļʮˡ
еʶʵ㣬粻ôȨҼţұڵӡ
̫ٴδһӣԭڵļʮ˱ƮƮı㵽˱˰һ䡣
Щ˸һ£мڵӳ֣Ǵߡ
̫ŰĿ䵽ɹͨ󵽴˰֮صϡ
˼ѾұڵŵˣΪִϣҾͶټһؿ飬ۣǶѾұŵӡ
̫Ļвɵһ޷صǿߵҪʲô
֪ʿ֮УִһȻĴڣ죬Ԫף󻤷ϣϵȵȣҪִ֡
Ȼִ֪ϵҲȻ֪̫˵ôһȻǾĵģûκεĲ
û飬ҲƺԤ֮У̫ǬһһֻǰһһѺ˵ĳ
ߣҫ
ʱÿһ˵ǰһߺⳤ
ߵǰȻҲУϸ۲⽣ʱȴֽͨ徹Ȼһ㾧Ө͸ȫǷܹͣ⽣ϸܵһĪϢһǰնɱ
⽣һ㡣
ţһҪȥһµĳ嶯
ɲôģ˵׼һǵǸ̫첻ˣһָͷɱҲȫпܡ
ʱƯڿе̫첢ûʲô˫ۣȴǽڳ˵̬˿©Ŀ
ʱǰĳʵʵĽ̫Ӵ֮еļʮϸ΢ëڰԪ߶Χ۶ɡ
Щ˶ǺС޷ᵽе콣⣬Χ۵˾쵽
ǴʱУֻǸоͻȻֵĽкǿ
ýҪԣý֣Ժȱһɡ
ʿý֣۷彣ߣǼԣһż
壬ʿģ⣬ΪӽֱϮĵĴڡ
̫֮ôҪЩ˵УûпܻһĺӣҲǺӶѣЩӵý츳ˣҲ
ϾЩһ֣ȻᱻĴйע뵽С֮С
ѽ
ߵǰˮһĳһֱ۾ʹţʹ۾
Ȼ۾ʹޱȣ̲סҪȥƺǳ֮ʲôƴ
ʱһһεĹȥƯڿе̫Ҳ¶ʧ
Լѽ軯Ϊ򣬻ûܹᵽôһ˿Ľ⣬һεв˳Ϊýˡ
ţ
ʱ̫ȻȺһڷֵı仯
һԼĪʮ꣬һͷҰĳƮɣ͸¶һ˿˿а̣޷жڹЦŻΪĳֲʶ졣
Ƕ沿飬̫⣬Ŀֻͣ˰˲תƵ
Ϊʱһźɫī
һźɫ仯޳ڵ˲Ť仯ʯľתһѾ޴ĺɫ档
ͬʱںɫϣһ˫ֲ۾ˣ˫۾˵Ŀֲл޵̰
һ˫۾˸Ӻ£·ɣ֮Ĵڣһʴȣһֲ̣һ̰һֽԿա
ħ
ڵĽµ˫ۣ̫첻ɫ³֡
ħΪӽĵĴڣôر׼֮еħ
ܵҵĽ⣬ȴǲϧħԳܳá
̫΢΢̾Ϣ
꣬ߣʱߣȻƽ糣ıԴȴѾǾκˣ
꾭ҲɫȻУ̫Ľ崿ʥݲð覴ãʱ΢΢̽һ˿Ľ裬̾ͽħ֣״
⽣
𺳲ѣħԼıԴ֮ѾһƬңŨħ̾һռһеͷ
ء
ʱ߸оʶ֮еɽͼٴβһ޵Ǻ洫˳
һǺһС
Դ֮еޱħԶѹȥ
ԣ
߰Ĵڣսʤ⽣ħĿܡ
һ뵽һ㣬̼ޱߵĶ־ʱݵȥ˼ɽͼڱԴ֮Уʶ߶۳һ㣬ʼħԽѹɱ
Ǻ󣬽ߵıԴ֮н췭ظ
ߵ꾭࣬ҲʹǿޱȣħħϣıԴҲһԿš
ʱɽͼ֮ем룬ʱħԱܿѹȥԺѸٵĻָһƬʡ
ڽ棬ħۣѸٵˣɢȡ֮һȫɵİɫ۶ɵĽ档
ΧۼɵĽϣһޱȵ׻֡
⡭
̫춼ɵ¶𾪵ɫ
Լ⽣ħʴôܣ
ʱҲţܹƾԼ⽣ħ
ʵֲòţΪһĹ̶ȫ˿©ǰ
ãܺã
̫Ȼнкãϸ¶ѵһЦ
һһ㹻ˣ
̫ôţҲٵΪΪֹ˼ûһܹĽ֮йۿЩʲôѾϣˡ
ˢ
һӣȫɻص̫ϡ
̫ջ˽֮ĳӰҲɢˡ
û̫Ľ֧ţ޷۳һ˿һĽϾʱֻǶһڽĶ̸ϡ
ֻпöܿͨ
ˣ϶Ǵ¶״̬ȫ֪صִڸʲô
ջ˽⣬̫ɨˣڵѾɣͻ˴ǵȥϸʱȻ˽
˵Щ̫ҲͣȻɽƿնȥ
Ŀִ̫죬߾мڵӵÿһ˷һöҶӣʹ÷ǼڵӾ͵ȴ߶Ҷշ𣬴һ½ŤŤķڵڵأ̿ճǡ
֮ǰߺԥĳſһ֣ǿǱҲһҶ档
˵Ҳ֣ҶʱֻĴָСһ÷߶Ȼ˾޴һһվ˿Եӵ
ʱҲ½еĺһǰշ޴ߣеֱ²ܡ


18 ͻ
̿ճһȺɽ֮ϣΪֻ̨¾мǧأҶӷٶ൱죬Сʱ߾ͿԶ֮أɽһ޴ĳǳء
޴ǳһߣ˵ҲмʮķԲ
̿ճǾɽǧɾʯȮɭȻޱȡ
տʼԦҶӷʱ߻ЩϰߣһȫӦַнࡣ
ιСӣӦ
ʱۿҪ̿ճǣӺߴ˹վҶԵãƺַеĸоȴûаͷܴš
һ߾ûɵһЦʱһŮǰ˱Ÿܵǲһߵġ
˵ǵĶĻ㲻
ĵ˵
˱̿ճǣ϶ӦӲϾҪ϶û⼦ëƤС飬ߵʮֺӵ顣
㣡Ȼ㣡
Ϲ¶мҿǱˣΪֹĶ֪˵ߵġ
⻰ĵģӾڱȱ棬ȰٺҴȥ˵ǰͷƯĽʱ߲·
߶ʱݣʲôŮû
ţɣ

һһ䣬һ򣬾ǰڵӵĴ̿ճǳǰĹ㳡Ͽգ䵽ɴɫʯ̳ɵĵϡ
㳡޴ޱȣ΢һ£޴Ĺ㳡ܹʮ˲ֹʱ㳡Ͽյģֻǿ׵ʯ̫ҫɢ˵Ĺâ
ۣ
е½ӿݻʱһ꣬мǶЩ겻ѵͶԱӵ
ʿɲܣͨߣһ֣Ƿ˼ûм漣ڡ̿ճǰİ㳡ȻǱڵĴͨޱ֪ͨδİɽȡ̾͡
վ㳡ϣǰ̻Ի͵ĳߣпߵĴֱʣǡ
󣬼ڵӴǴİ㳡˱̿ճǡ
һ̿ճǣ˵ʱһֽ뵽˿һ㣬ֻ̿ճһͷǾϸĸ߹װβɣиǰ뵣ƣ֮ء
ЩеĳȺ𺳣Ϊ׵һڵϸֳ԰ɫֻǱŵӵľסԲʮںʮﷶΧǱڵĺĵشǵ֮Ǽûлˡ
û᣿
һ󲻸ˣһҲ̫Сˡ
ǲ֪Ҫﵽʲô̶ȣܹĵش
λڵӿ˿ߣгмҪﵽ쾳磬ҪͨſˣأͲҪˣ
ߣ
ߣȴû¶ǳէܺìܣǼˡ
һᣬȻһ趼ʶ
ôСӲ
߲˵ʲôȫһںӣǱڵӶʱЦ
ĸϣҲգҾִӽ̽ʲôǹأ
һȻҪ֣
˵Ѿ˻ҩζԱߵҲѵõ·صɫڵȻûͻ죬ȻǺ۷ĸ֣ŰľҪ֣ǰûܹס
ʦʦ֣λʦ֣º
һǰȰ衣

ȫȻֱһȭɨԶȻἸǰ
Ҳ磬֪޷ˣҲվ˫绢ıڵӡ
̵ģקƨǲŸӣɲҪˡ
ǱڵһȭɨԶˤĻͷģʱŭޱȣ۽һ˿δйĺʮֲֿһšֻµվĴϵĻҳȻͳһöɫָһ㣬һɳ˱̿ճǺ󷽡
ȫȻ壬ڵӸӲм
СӣйǺ£һĶйֻĸһ㣡
ؾԪʱп̤ֻҪ̤죬Ǿһ죬ӵнţøõĴĿܡ
ڱŵӵУǴﵽ˺صĵӣʮִǱܵڸ߲ע⡣
Ҳƾ޵ԽУоԼŵҪ߳һͷ
ϣ
ŭڣȻԷصʵ
ĸȼ߱ȫսҲǶ֣Ҳö⡣Ȼбڵעӣ϶ֵĵز
£˹ڹʿûйС
ѵ˵ڵĹ㶨ģ
˵
ţ
Ǳڵɫһڣû뵽ëͷСĸҺԼӲʱõ˼㡣
ͭΪִӣȻ㶮أִӣŹ棬ɱȨ

˵Ͷͭû˿һȭȭͷ󲻿ɵ
ֻһޱߵѹҲ룬һӣȭһȭѪ̰
ͬʱȭд߶ȭڶȭ־ͷơ
ÿһսʮעҼ꣬Էûд߶ֻ֣ǼһȭǲץסᣬԷֲĴ
һ̣ߵȭͭȭͷײһ𣬷Ƶ
壬˲䱻ˡڵʯ֮䣬˵ǰһ̣ȭӳڶԷĸ첲ϡ
ͭΪײҲ
ֻҲͭЩ𾪣Ҫ֪ԼȶԷ߳ĸ磬ĲǸ޷ֲģǰëͷСӾȻںƴȭĹгɹ
˵ʱһǿҵĿ־ʶĪȻ
ɿ־ʶƾյʱͭһִǾǰС޷սʤ
ת˲֮ͷŭޱȣһ۳˷֣ͬʱ˫ȭȭὭٴγϡ
ȭ
һȣȭɢ˲˲֪١
һս˫ȭһɲģȭ֮еĵһڶȭһЩͬǣ˫ȭ£һ˫ʳָƺҪһ㡣
ȭָȭĵȭ߰
ǵĸ߰۲䣬ǵ壬һ˲䣬ƺһͷ޷˵ĳ棬ˡ
һȭĵȭҲ֪ˣ˫ȭָĴһƵĴ򷨣˭֪˫ȭսָģǴʱȭָʳָǰ죬Ȼһķ񣬵һǿ谭Ȼش
ǴʱѾûκѡأΧЩȻûԸְæ˼һжҪԼ


19 ͵ӣ
ִͭӵݣͶʱЩ˳ֵĻܹȫѹͭȴҲû˸Ҷ֡
Ƕò׽˱ڣһִӷͻ㲻ţҲޱȼ
߲ں꣬Ѿ۲䣬ȻԷ۸ԼͷϣôԼУҲҪƴһ
Եİ壬ҲҪ˺µ˵һ⣡
ߴʱͱ뷨ԼȻ򲻹ˣ⻹пܵġ
գ֮䣬Էȭشߵš
ߴĽ˫ȭƽƣӭӶԷĹ

Ȼرܣͭ۾˸޵ɱ⡣
ҺӲӲ
˵˴򶷵ĳʮֵļ򵥣ʮֵĿ졣˶ԺһȭȻˣһεĶԺ䡣
ǴʱΧ˶ס˺Ǻһ½ǣȻҳְǿ߾ҪͭЩζ
ΪʿɣͻиԽһĻǴǸĻ롣
ȻʿУ޴ڣһСľͿٲ
Ǽͭһıڵǣ΢Щ־ߡȻ֪Ϊʲô־壬ôһͷ޷սʤ
ȭ
ȭȭ߰
һ̷˾˵ײ

һεײԵǳİȭƺûзӦеơ
ͭ˼ע£߻ӳ˫ȭ֮УʳָȻ쿪Ȼ󽻲棬ָ㣬Ź㵽˫ȭ档
ʱȭ
ߵָǵһ֮ͬ
ƽָȻһ¾ͶԼĻ֣ͭ𾪵ԸӣҲȥеķȻ˫ȭѹ
ͭһ۷˻򲻹һصСﻹӻϣ
ȭУȭָȻϬһǰ
ߴʱ̾Ҳ֪ȭһϬȴ޷սʤͭ
뵽߽ʳָȻһۣһһϣȻͭȭͷϻһһ˿ڣ
ͬʱ߸첲һֻ󱳷ֻͬһʱɳ
ЩϺصͭ𲻵κεãѡĵܵλѡͭ۾
ͭ㿴ڵԼ۾
ʶģҪȭȥ
һᣬȻŹʳָٴν棬ͭȭͷֻ˿ڣջ󳷡
ͭķӦνǺܿ죬ֹߵķӦȴ죬Ļǰװ׶ģͨĳ̶ȿ±쾳Ķ
䣡
ҵİȭӳȭŰѪɽǴ˸ա
ɵСӣ㳹ŭң
ͭȭͷѪܵɽڣŭ۾ˡ
һսǴȥͭŵѾ֮ˡ
ˢ
һͭһѺꪣء
ͭ߳ŭҲ˿ʾóɺ쳤ǹ
˵ĴҲƬ̵ĹȭͷԺ䣬߲ûгԿռһˣƾһս߱Ȼڱŵ֮롣
ͭҲȫŭˣһӣŤͳ塣
趯Ʊá
ʱպȻһ䣬˻֪ʲô£ͿΧɫˣɫ
𾪵ע£ɫ֮бڳһһ߶೤ɫСɫС̿ҷٶ磬һѾεͭߡ

ɫСͭŲȻһ͡
͵˲䣬ɫСͭһȻһɫȫ
ͨ
ģͭһӾ͹ߵǰ
ߴʱҲˣ뵽ڵĸ߲һַ֣ʽȴ죬ȻûпˣͰͭˣҹԹԵĹ˵ϡ
һµķ˶㵣Ƕô裡
ͭ˵һصǰɱܣǴʱͭȫķŭֻޱߵĿ־塣
ʱһϵŮ
ͭΪִӣŹ棬ǿ
֪ڳÿһ˶оڶһǡ
ʦʦ
ͭƺѾϳСˣġ
ƣ
Զһ㶼ͭģһ˱㿴ɫ˸һ⣬Ȼһ±ըͬͭ峹ըΪĩ
һ֮£Ĩɱͭصʿ
ʲôˣȻɱȨ
е½ǣޱȣǼڵ̹ڵأɫ԰׻һֶ˵
ˣǼ½ŵӰ׵Ծˮ·˼꣡
ϵŮٴ𣬼µıڵӻֵ̿л˺ôһɫ԰׵һȺ˵Ź´ȡƺճƷҼ򵥽һŹһЩƷʹ÷֮Ͷ뿪ˡ
ŵӷ࣬Ƿֳ޴Ժ䣬ÿһԺҲһԶС壬֮оٰʲôԺΪλ
һ½ʮֱֵ˱ŵĸԺ֮УߺǱ䵽һԺĵط
ǰԺ·ϣ߶һֱ˼źͭսḶ́ûע䵽Ժֻ
Сӣ֪ɱͭ˭ô
߸ǰЦʡ
һᵽǸǿŮӣоʺţڸղŵĴ͸оЩͷˣȻǱڸ߲棬ôûֻͭһߡ
ʱͻȻߵ֪ͬʱҲӵжʮֲ򵥡
˭ѲӰ
ߵЦ˵
˭֪˻һ̾ⶼˣ
߶ʱһҪϢĳ嶯ȥӰ
ǵĶĻǲҪˣϣϣһҪϣ
ЦǸŮҪӣĻëӮˣʲôôǵһôûУ˵ŮһӲˣôһ£߿ɾͳ̱ˡ
򰡣ô򣡡
ȴˣƺرĸȤһͲðԼ
˾ôһ߶죬ܿԺǰ档
ǣԺô󣡡
߿ǼģǰʲôĽ̻Իûʱ򿴵׳ԺҲɵõһ
ֱϽǣ
ѿڶǰɽƣˮȻɽˮ֮İǹ˺üӡ
ܿҲˣʿһﵽ쾳磬ͨܣȫ߸˵ʶΧ޽ϵĴȻʲô¡
㣬㣬ûɣһԵץסῪʼߡ
ԺĽڱ̿ճ֮˵ҲʮЩŵӵסŵӺ;ӢӵסɶȪṩǲŽиء
߼ۣһ˸߲ҵĳԺĴȥ
ȻƽϣЦҲ˹ȥ


20 Ժ
Ϊ˶ƣûܵκ谭ͽԺߵûֱӰѿǴȥڸϢϾǵһνԺ˱ôһĿޣ˵ʲôҲá
ҲȫԵİ壬ҳͲ棬ֻǼ򵥵Ľ˼֮ʮְݷԺĴſڣһֻһ㡣
֮˱һǰһ߽Ժ
ò˵ԺڵľɫʤգȻ˵ѾĿȣԺ֮ȴ¶͸һˬϢ˿оȡ
ӳ֮ʵ裬Ӱб֮ݺľڷ֮Ǹûлῴģһ㷢ֲôԾˡ
˵С°ûз⣿
磡
߸ôһƺʱŭнʹһٵĳ嶯
嶯嶯ܿһ£ЩɻԺôһӰûУ
ȷ˵⣬ŵһԺ˵Ҳкüٵķ䣬Ѿ˺һȴǸûκζ˵˵ˣŲûС
ѵԺ֮ûˣ
뵽һ㣬̾ͷˣôܻûءֱЦеЦ
һķֲԾˣͲЩײƽˣûзһӰ
һ䷿ӾǰıװξԺҪʾжʣҪǻ䣬Ǿһһۡͷ
أ𣿡
һƨɶһɻرϣй
ߵʮֵ򾲣˫ĴԺԺûбڵӣȫ˵ͨģһеģһԿ϶
ţˣ
ƵĹĸо˲ϮоԼٶȳ

Ӧǰһһ죬㵱ץȥ
ٶʮ֮죬߻ҪһȻʵα߸߳࣬⵱һȭ׼ֺݣ˿顣
һмܳȥſӭһʮ˾ŮںڵĴ۾ԲԲ۵ķɫϴűŵӰɫ·ؿϷһźڰӡ
ڰӣԺı־
ŮźصʵȻʮֵķŭһȭ쳣
ڳ֮䣬ֻŮŭȵ޳ܣרԺ۸𣿡
һʲô˼ǶԷȭͷѾʵʵĴǰòֻ֡һգŮ۵ȭͷץȻȻת˺üȦжȥȴҲǽŮԼǰ
ȲҪ֣
һ˾޴棬Ե˵Ļȫһգ۵Ĺ򽫶ԷˤĺɻС
һ־ͻĹŮʱŭޱȣȻһץŵȭͷȻȦģ˵˼Ȼٴη
ȵȣһʱŪɽֵģ˿
ӣлú˵ô죿
ʱҲӦһʮûһ˵һ㡣
˭ӣ
Ůռ˲ֳϵˣʱŭϼŭ쭵ĴƻһȥҪƴ
ס֣
ߴʱҲôˣֱӳֹ
ȻŮʵ߸߳أ߻ʵޱȣǳһ־˲ס
ٴαԷסŮͨ죬ȴҲκβá
ǾͲȥұԺ鷳ΪʲôƫƫԺˣڱѹȵĻ𣿡
Ů˵֮䣬չ
ʲôǽŵĵӣԺġ
æ˵⣬ʡٷ쭡
Ȼһ˵⣬Ůŭɢ࣬ȡ֮ȴޱߵľȡ
˵µӣֵԺ
֮г˲ŵ˼
ǵǵģԺɶһˣԺɲҪҡ
Ц˵
Ůһۣû˵˵ʲô
ҽᣬȻǼ뵽Ժôͺһʦֵܰɡ
˵ţһŴߺԺ
һ·˶û˵Ҳ˵ЦƢԣֳ˳ȵһ档
һ˱ĴԺһ¥ǰ档
¥߱㿴ĴŮˣǶʮҵͣŽʱǶӾ֮վ
ʦã˭
߶ˣһʮͷɫȻʣ֮иǳ˵⡣
ʱҲˣ֮ⷿеˣ¶˲ٵ˺ۣƺǸոմ򶷹õӣˡ
ʦ֣ǽŵĵӣֵԺġ
ĽͣʦȻˣ꣬ûиԺֹһµӣ˵һʮµŵӣ
ʮȶ߲µһЩƺԺܵڸ߲Ĵ
ʱԱһ毺õŮ߹߶˵˳
һƣŮɫҲȻ˲٣ƺʮֵʧȴԤ֮С
صģʦִ֣³ϹȻԺˡ
ӹƣ˼һ£Ҳ˵ʲôϹâһϾͶһɫĺ«
λʦʦ㣬СڴصʱõĽڲȰʦʦǻָƣԺ飬оҲ١
Ӽ˵оֹҲˣԺƺܵԺĴѹż˺۲˵ƺճĵҩӦʮֵѷΧŵͨҩݵζȻͨҩˣ
Ǻԥģ߾ͽԼصõԪ˳ҲԺĳ⡣
֪ЩܹΪ򵥵Ĳҩȴʼ֧Ժ֤ǵ־ˣԺ֮ƺһѪȴ
⣬Ԫ
Ȳùɫ«һȻʱǿһߡ
㣬صһ
֮г𾪺ɣȫվǰ˾ǻôصһˡ
һĺܣһʱ䣡
ʱ׷ƵʵֱӰһյ蹦˵һʱ䡣
ʱԺе˶һһյ貢⣬ֻǣһˣȻײıֵԺ
Ĭ˺һʦֲų̾һҲ˵ʲô«ԪһַָˣȻʣµֽߡ
˶µҩʦֲʾ
ԪẔ́Ԫٻָ湦Ч˵ҩ֮еƷһĺӻòϵεĵҩˣʱߺ˽ĽԪ˳ˡ
໥˽һ֮ʦϾһͽĿǰԺľ˵˳


21 ־
߻صסʱѾˡ
Ȼ˵ԺܵڶĴѹżһӦʩȫס޻ǳԷûʲô𣬰ձŹ棬ǿԵĲȥԷԺһܵڶų⣬ԺĵҲֻʣ˰ߺСڵİ˸ˣճԷԼ
ò˵ŷʦķ˻㣡
ʱص߻Ƕȵŷʦķ
ϾһĿУҲ֪Ժµ
ڱ֮УԺԵĶ壬ÿһڸ߲㶼ÿһԺпݿ˵ĽηӦԴԹҲǼԺ֮ìܵĸԴŵӵ̶ܴϻṩԴһҪֱӵֶ޷ǾֹͣЩӵԴӦ
ԺõõԴõԴͱⲻˡ
ǣ̽ѹżֶβΪľܹһһȵĿ֮лøõΣõõԴѾ޷顣
ö֮ѾΪ˸Ժ֮ΪԺģȻҪΪԼµĵ룬Ȼǲֱӳ֣Ƕһϵ϶Ĭֵ֧̬ȡ
ǰԺûκһ˸ҺӣԺеӳǧˣ츳ڵĵӲÿ궼൱һֵͨſˣΪصŵӡ
˷ǣԴǰԺԺĪ᳾ͻȻʧ֮Ժƾͽ˲
һб֮죬߶Ƶе׷ʲôǶȴû֪֮УԺĻԻͷ·𳹵ת볾Ҳû˼
Ժ֮Ի⵽ԺѹżԴԺһڣ
һԺԺķһʮ˲ںʿĶʮܹʮ˲ˣкܴļһ̤֮쾳磬һ죡
ԭĪ᳾ʧ֮Ÿ߲ЩߣƵнԹȴ⵽ִ̫ķԣ̫ڱеλȻԷԣҲû˸˵ʲô
ȻԶԶûô򵥣߲޷ֱӸԤǸԺĵǶֻ֪ҪԺû˵ӣôԺͻ᳹ױȡеȻҪóʹãʱ̫ҲûзԵɡ
Ժĵǰͺ̵ԺսԵɣĿľڽԺʣµļȫߣԺûһ˴ڡ
ͬһ㼶ĵ֮໥սûƵģֻҪһжĬ
Ҳһ߶˾ʹֵԭϾһҲںԺĵӱȶ˵ġ
ʱڴϣŰϾһ˵һУҲǸζ
ԼصʵȫһӶҪȡ޵ԺУûɵľһŭҲ֪ƾԼʵ޷ѡ
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ϾһɫأԭǶѾҪ֧ŲסˣڵõƷ֮ǼȺһ֮н٣ʼûܹ̤졣
ߵͷ˵ȻʦдķţȻҪȥġ
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֪ϾһҪ˵ʲôһֹϴĻ
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ϾһֽһЩҪעԼס
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Ѿںᾳͣһʱ䣬ƽʱѾʼᵽѨλĴԼҪŦתԣǼʶϵס
һʶϾ磬˽ͻ࣬սܹϵƲǡôķơ
žĲɽͼҲһһչֳ


22 
ڶһ磬߱ϾһĴǰڵء
λĺ󷽣һ˾վ˾޴ǰ档
ʱ߲ϸĿ߶ʮ˲汦ȻûԺߣռطΧȴ쳣Ĵ󣬿ȥо޴ѹֱӽѹȥӡ
ҲȣΪϾһѾ߹֮зӳ֣ʹÿռã˿ӣϾԺԺ֮Ժܵ˵죬һʹǳֶð֮Ҳһ
һֻһ˽һǰǵȵ֮Ż롣
ʦܣ֮Σأһоﵽ˼ޣô˳ÿһλöаȫ˳ͨҪǿ
Ͼһ˵ţ˫Ͽһöķ㿴ϵâڡ
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ĿǰΪֹ߻֪ЩصĽʲôôҲȻ۵ɽͼ֮Уô֪һ졣
ĿľǴأƴȫսޣ


23 뿪
֮ƺְͺҹڷĥ֮еߣȫʱĸ
һľ֮·Ѫ뺹ĻڱٱıһֱǻǰУԳ̲סҪĵǷִǿȴʹٶȼȥ
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һļУҲĸоԼļޣȻʱѾͻƵ˺ؾ磬صļ󣬿ԽսԽѡ
һ㣬ʮ߲㣿ʮ˲㣿
ʱһ㣬ɫ԰׵վµ·ò˲ϸûһ˿Ѫɫɺ쳤ǹ˫Ҳڲסķ
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24 
ʦܣҪ嶯
ŷ˫ᣬҲоߵŭ𣬵ʱŭκʱʧأһµ顣
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ŷȾ˺þþ߽˵׵ʱڱĽ֮Унƺŵ̫վһ޴ʯĶˣңԺķüͷ
죬죬쾳ôڽµӡ
˶ԽŶ츳ұǰ罣۲û뵽ȻҵĪиڱ˴
̫쵥룬˼⡣


25 սԺ
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ǣ⵱пè壬ݴǵִƺΪעԺ
ɲ˵

е߶û˿ı顣
һεһĿԺԷ绪Է绪ñֶĬ꣬ĬҹɥǶûʣ¡
׿·˵Ͼһɫһ·ߣܿ˾Ժڵλá
ԺԺ֮еλأҵλԽ֮еһλãǵ񡣶ҽϵеӽ֮УҲԺĵǰδеԽУӶҲ۸ڶươ
ʱſŵĵںȲ죬Ȼ߸ɫʱһ۾ʱ򣬶Цˡ
Ժһͷڹڸҳˣ
һĸߴȧرͻЦ˵
ǰϴûԷ绪ʦֽѵĹרġһݣһ˫̶С۾ҲĿţ˫̶С۾ͣŷȵߡ
Ͼһھǰ׵λͣ£ޱ˵ǣȥԷ绪
ӴԷ绪ʦڱչأûʱ䡣ȧǸʵں˵
̶С۾ǰ˫޼ɵĶŷȽСſˮⲻʦŷС𣿹Ȼžʮθڰ
˵ţȻŲͣٶȺȻӿ죬˫ʮָſצץŷȵء
СʵȻҲкصʵٶ졣
ʱվǰϾһСţȫȻӱ˵Ĵڣŭڣ粽ǰ˭֪Сһ㾹ȻŵһֱӶϾһ赲
ϾһȻź۷ʵȴһʱ֮侹ȻûܵסС꣬ʱɫһס
ŷȣСģ
ϾһһͺȣѸת
ŷʵֻкصʵС죬С
Сһ˫̶С۾ŷҲһħצǰСҰס
ŷС㣬ھζΣ
죬Ȼ½ƹɣ¶ڻ֮࣬޳ֻܵɣ¶βץһѡ
һŵĶôѶԸԺ˶ʱޱȣǾòţԺʵ֪֮١
ۿ˫צŷȵز磬ŷɫˢһ¾Ͱˡ
޳ܣһԵɣ¶ץһ£ʱŭѣȻ֡
ҪͷȻֻǰһԭ۵ҪγˮŷȲˣȡ֮һ֮дһ˿аӡ
һֻӣҲţ
߱ͬʱȭսȭ
һɲֹ°Ϣ˲鲼Χͬʱޱߵɱʵʣɱ
ȭһȭѪ̰
һȭߣޱȣȻǰΪֵ̫Ų
ĲȻ죬Ϊߵ̫Ų֮»ࡣҲ֪˶˾ϰ֮һѸޱȡ
ۣ
ȭոմȭȭȭ߰Ȼͣһǵȭģʳָָ
Լ۷ʵͻȻŷǰҲȫȻη壬˫ȭƺҪӲӲ
ⲻ֪ߵغȻԼӲ䣬¶ѪһЦݡ

һ죬ߵȭ˫ȭײһͬʱֱԷš
һȭôôأҲǺصʵ
˫ȭոսӴ͸еԾԷȭͷ᲻ɴݣǿȭֱѹԼ
ǣ
ѵ˲һȭ˫ȭȻֱӽȭͷ飡
ĵʹ˲鲼ȫʧɫͬʱǰȭӰѾˣ룬˲ϵʹֱʩչѸٺˡ
ǣֶ־Ȼȫƣ˵ͷոǰȭͷȻãʳָָȻ
ָȮһֱӵۿ֮С
̶С۾˲Ѫ

һҽУֱӹ˵ϣѵֹİ˫ۣʹĴŹ
ּ߳죬ҲһĹ˱㿴أѪ˳
߲ĴһɫָϵѪ
ֲɾҾͷϵ˫֣۲ɾҾͷϵ˫ۡ
˵꣬Ѫһƫеĸϡ
ȻʹţǸȧǸʵѾȫ
ߣģҴ㣡
Цߵļ
̫͡
תŷȣõģڡ
ͳ鴤һ£ԼװһҲװװ޷졣
ŷɫ΢ĵ˵ͷ
ǰһµȻ鴤һ̤ͷϣǸȧǸʵȻȥԷ绪
ôһȣʱɱһĲҽУ
ǰߣĺݶеСƣԺǲ֪ģʱ飬裬Ҳɵò
ΪԺʦֵϾһһͣҺ߼뵽ԺȻĻһ˿¾ܹԺȫԵ
˿߲ڽµȧǸʵҧСӣ㹻ݣţԺҲ磬ţ
һ˵ɿܽԺ


26 СǹԸ𴺳
Ժսڵ˵һϡ飬ڲŵӶۿ
ԺԺӣⲻܣǰЩԺԷ绪ԺĬĬҹɥȪ
Ȼ˵֮໥սȴܳ¼Է绪ץסһ©ûֱӽĬطɢĬĻǡ
ʱԺ棬ѾΧ˲ٵˣߺոսԺãö˶ʶϾһƺѾܳˡ
ǸԺϾһصʵȫȻԷ绪Ķء
ǸǳŷôȻƯ
ǰ͹̣Сϸĸҵĸ첲࣬Ʒ

Щ˺޳ۣܵתͷȥ
⼸˶Ƕʮµ꣬ŷһ׵Ļ䣬־Ҳ֪ǴԺ
ԺǵţԷ绪֮һǣ
ߣԺ˵ȻŹǣԺһԺһ̹ĵĽѵȫڽŵ¡
߿ǼԺӵʱǼֹ̧ۣͣͷ
һŨüӽеʲôû
߲Ϊ⣬ֻĺһ£תͷȥ
ĽȻȻ˫ֺ۾ϵȴʱϵķʹ
ǼҲ֪ȳôģһֱûע⵽ߵĽ£ʱ˳̧һʱһ
ǣԺķŨüС
ô˲ڽŵ£Ƿˡ
һЩ㤵˵
СĺԶ㡣
˵߾ߣһתƣܵһߡ
ԺǵһﲻҲȥǰɡ
תƹȥ֮һʡ
ܴԷ绪
Ũü֮ԱǣԷ绪۷壬һֻѾ̤쾳磬ȫЩСආܹȵġ
һ˵սʤԷ绪鷳Ҳֵͷϣʦɱģʦк̨

Χ۷׷ףԺ˽ŲʮִװӴ˳
ʦ֣Ǹˣ
ȺԺ⣬վ
ǸȧǸʵָָվȺǰߣһЩӶС˵ʲô
Щĸ̧ͷߣ֪Щʲô
ʦܣ˽и𴺳ɣԺеٮٮߣźصʵԷ绪˶١
𴺳ɳС߽͡
Ǹ𴺳ɿ˿߲ڽµӹһ˿ŭɫ벻Ժ˵ҲˣȻܵǰҰһᣬͷģһ
ǡСǹԡ𴺳ɣһ˳ǹͣкϷˡ
˵˰ǹԺҪˡ
ԺİصںؼģǺʿܹ֮ѧĶˣ˵ܹ

𴺳һ֣˿ʼС
а֮꣬ʿҲ⣬ʿǵİ֮ȼȫһ
ò˵𴺳ƺ˰ǹľ裬ʱվͺһǹֱͦΣȻ
ͷģ
⼸֣ϾһɫԺʦܣ˵ĻԲѣ
𴺳ɿϾһϾһɣ˵ˣԺͷģһһִԲǾ͹ֲˡ
ԺĴʦ֣𴺳һ㶼ð
ҵҪСǹԡжͣ
ϾһȻŭˣǰ͸𴺳ɶš
ղԼ⣬úصԼ߻˹ȥΪ⣬ԼԺĴʦ֣Ժ֧ȻûסˣһҲҪһڶ
վԱߵϸҪֱ֣տڣ˫ֻյĿšȻͷѾһ̲Ѫ
⣬ֻҪԷ绪һֱȥֱԴȵ档
ž
СǹԸ𴺳һΣһǹ֣ǰĵϡ
ԺĴʦֻ֣ԺС䣬²ʰɡ
𴺳ϴŹЦݡ
һĪռϾһıˣ
뵽һ㡣
ȻǸ𴺳ɲϾһڣ˵ǰֻزҲǶԵʦֵݣȻսʤҲʣ
㣡
Ͼһɫһ䣬һñɡ
ǰʦԺĴʦ֣սҪƽԾģ
ԱǼԺĵɿ
ʱҲȥˣºݺݵԴϲһ£ǰʦ֣ɱţȻô˵ҲԺС򣡡
߽ŲһŲվȻԴһһֻŲȥ
ЦĿһԵŷȣŷʦ㣬㵲š
Ͼһɫ滺һ£ȴЩǵĵʦܣǹ
߹һЦУҲУ
䣡
߰ѪȳǹҲ嵽˵ʾһĿСǹԸ𴺳ɣ۽һ˿м
ϾһȻ߽Χߵ˺ߣȴôߵλòȵѪͷʱʱһü
ߣ𴺳⣬һĨǹһɰԵƥƻȻ
Сӣң
һЦĵĽѪȳǹŸ𴺳ɵһ£˭һأҴʦָӲƽϣҿɾͲһˡ
ǹһ̧ɱ㿪ʼӿʵɱһϸĻ㼯ǹϡ
֮нȭ뵽ǹ֮УȻ˵ûдﵽշԲ覵ľ磬ƾ賤ǹٱ֮ƣȫȴķȭҪǿࡣ
ԷҲǹߵƾԵ˼֡

𴺳ƺо߲öԸǹһǹǳ
ǹѪս˷
һ־ǰǹͭͭõǰȭû뵽ﾹȻ˰ϵС
𴺳Ѫս˷һ㿴˶ˣƺǹΪһ壬Ϊģ˷ɢǹӰӣһǹ
ǹХߡ
С
ЦѪȳǹһ̧޻ڵŶԷǹĵȥͬʱȭںϽȭڶȭ־ͷ˳ǹȥ
ǹӹɵģǰ֮ҲȱԲϸɣ߿־ͷһûʵһ㣬ߵĳǹΪ˷ɢ
ʱ־ͷûΧˡ
ʲôǹô˿£
ƣȫѹ˸𴺳ɣ
ǻԶãȻˣ
ж˿־ͷ


27 Է绪
ǹ֮еĸ𴺳ҲȻȣǹĪͷѾϮĺ
˵ǹʵǹ죡
Ϊصʿ𴺳ɸڰǹνȻоһƿ־ͷ־ǿδܵӰ졣
𴺳ֻǶݵһ٣δ̫ܵӰ죬֪һлӰ쵽ǹǰ;кȻһ䡣
ȭȭ¶ķĹתΪǹ⾳
֮ǷĹ߰ĹĹޣ־֡
һ䣬ǹҲű仯־Ϣɢȥȡ֮һޱߵĹ¶¶ķ·ظ
֮ǰУԣӰԷ־ϾصʵԲпܲĬĺ󳾡
Ȼһʹ𴺳ɵĹǹٴһΣٶƺ˲١
ʱ򣡡
磬̫ŲʩչѪȳǹȻջء
ȭһȭѪ̰ǹ
أ
ۿɼģǳǹǹϣֳһ԰ɫףޱȣɭɭ˫Ѫ
ۣ
ߺɣѪȳǹֱӴǹġ
ž
һ죬ǹӰ˲ʧΧһƬž
һǹ𴺳ɵסˣ
ӵļž֮С˵
еĳǹֱָ𴺳üģֻһ磬һļ϶𴺳ǹߵǹǹǹϡ
ŵţ
𴺳ɺɫޱȡ
ǹо꣬ȴûм˹ǹ
Ӯң
𴺳ɺȻ¶ЦݣǹȻߵǹ⣬˼롣
Ŷ
ͬЦЦ̣𴺳ɵһǹֻ˵𴺳еͣжʤҲΪʱеˡ
ǹˡ
Ѫȳǹٴƽ٣屣һơ
ǹұ㶮
˵һø𴺳ΪֹŭĻ
Ҫ˵ǹ֮и𴺳ɳƵڶǾû˸ҳƵһС侹Ȼ˵˿Ļɵŭ
𴺳ɿˣǹȽϹ죬ޱˡ

𴺳ɵϣֳһɫ֡
ȶԵΧγһ֣𴺳ɺأȻܹʩչֻһνûϵ߻ѲԲûʹá
֣
ŷȵ˶¶ǵĿսеˡ
صӷ൱ǿһĹ޷ƿ𴺳սپˡ
𴺳ɴ߶֣ȻһЦǹһɨư硣
ǹɨǧ
һǹɨͬʱ𴺳ɿٳߡ
Ȼû̫Ķгǹƽ٣ĿתĶſĸ𴺳ɡ
ʱˣ
ͻȻˣ㣬̫ŲٶѸޱȣԷɨǧ˺۷½ǡ
ǹѪս˷
Ѿܽ𴺳ֵķȫһһǰ̬ơ
ȻѪȳǹͻȻ˫֮˸Źķâ
ȭȭȭ壺̰֮ŭ
ȭһȭȭľᣬһ̣ƺҪˡ
Χֻо۾һнյѾһ˳ǹǻһͷ޴ѪɫѪֲѪſ¶ɭɭѪɫ
ء
յϣ֮䣬һǺ
̰µŭһ̣ˡ
ޱߵϢҰ·Ժǰյض˲أϣ飬ֻ־
⻹ǹ𣿡ԶԶ˺Ͼһɫòʱãʱ𺳡
һҪӮ
ŷս˷ȭŵĿš
ʱҲȵŴ첻֪˵ʲôȻ֪ԼڹڽѾȥ˰ߡ
һ̣˵඼ᵽɤۡ
ʱĸ𴺳ɣһһĶԿ⹴һǹ
ǣϲǣɺɫĳǹ˵ǰɲǣȻһͷ
ſ̰Ŀҧȥ
˲ƿϵ֣ϣȫֵķ档
ǣһ̣ɲͷ谭Ĵ֣ļϡ
ۣ
Ѫɽ𴺳ɫһףұ˲ʧȥֱ
ǹһ档
˺
һ˺ѵ𴺳ŵĿţԼұ뿪壬ͷһ˦˦Զ

ֱʱ𴺳ɲű˺ѵʹѣұۣ׶ˣ
̼ļѣεʹ׵ľѣ
ϸһʲôͷǰģ߸߰ͦεӰԼи߾ٵģѪѪȳǹ
㣬㣡𴺳־ŭȴ裡
ЦЦĿǹǹתһɫǹϵѪȻջصָ档
һ£˸𴺳ɵĶϱ档
ȥԷ绪
ߵ˵
䣡
Ⱥбһ󾪺Ǵʱſ𴺳ѾˣҰͬʹǹ˵£ұұۣ
СǹԸ𴺳ɣⱲҲǹԵ
ڣҲСǹƺ
һз˸𴺳ɣȴûɱΪԺ鷳ҪȻԸǸ𴺳ɣûлĿܡ
Ҳ֪ǵҲǸѹ
õʲôǹ
𴺳ɴһᣬȻʵ
ʱѾߣ𴺳ɵĻҲûлͷֻǵ˵󿴵ʲôǾʲô
𴺳һ㶣Ȼ˶ϱ۵ʹ࣬ľȻſ
˵ǹУǣΪʲôΪʲô
ĬƬ̣𴺳ɺȻһȻͷҲصĲȺˡ
ǣ˲ûлԺֱűڵĴȥ
ʦܣ㡭
ϾһãĿߣҪЩʲô
ʦ֣ҴˣԷ绪ȻסˣƾҪ
ȻһԷ绪ϾһҲ˵ˣǵսȻ˵Ժ磬ǱϾԷ绪ûг֣ǿǺ۷ˡ
Է绪ôֲһУʦܣǻǡ
ţʲô
ϾһĻ߲ʡ
ʱһԺĴʦϾһˣôܲԷ绪أ
Է绪ˣ
Ҳ˲ʣת㿴һüĿ罣վԺſڣΧӵһȺ¶ʮԺĵӡ
Է绪ԺĴʦ֣ʱԷ绪ˣҲʹԺǿ¶ˡ
Է绪
ϾһٴοԷ绪ʱ۾Щ졣
Ͼһû뵽²ǵĴ˲أҶò
Է绪һ˵һǰΧ۵˶׷׸ÿһ·
˵ţԷ绪۾һƳ²ŵüͷ
ȱ˵ǿɲã
Է绪˵˾ģ˵ͶŲỬѾߣͬʱһֱ̽䡣


28 Լ
û뵽Է绪˵ģٶȴޱȣΪߣ߲û׿֤ʵʵΣǹҲǺصľ硣
ʱԷ绪ͻȻʵǵ޷ȫˡ
Է绪ϮҲȻһæ
Ϊʱ
ת˲֮ѾƶߵԷ绪۽ǺЦȥ˾Ƕ겻һɫЩס
ΣԷ绪ѾȻ̽һʳָ׼ĵ䡣
һǣ꣡
ԴԷ绪֣ϾһĿתĶʱϢһָʱ󾪣ѿڶƺԷ绪һʮּɵ
һǣꣿ
ȻҲԷ绪Ķ֪Է绪һָжƺһָһʮ֣һǣꡣ
Է绪磬ȻָҪʱ·Ȼ˸һ⣬գ֮γһСĹΣǡǡֵסԷ绪ָαã˵Ĺ졣
ţ
γ֣Է绪ɫʱһ䣬˲䳷ָȵĿ
ҲѾյˡ
Է绪Ҳٶֻ֣ޱĶ˻֣
ţ
ԺӸǰͿһֻ̤Դϡ
Ѿ˹
ƵĲٿƵʱöڳ˶ѾΪһǲԴ˳ҲҪˡ
Է绪Щתͷ˿ߣ¶һһõЦݣСӣ㵨ӹ󡣡Ȼ˼һӣһָָָԺˣǵĵӶָǵģ

ʲô˼ά
һԴĽ˿Ҳô˵
⻰е㶺Χе˶СЦ˳
Ǯ߷ֶģûֵӵġ
߲ԴϣҲתĨǣ˵Ǹߣ˵ţһ£Ѿ˿ǻûһͷһĲҽС
ʦΪԺĴʦ֣Ҫִƴ֣ȻӭսСһ㡣
Ŷ
Է绪ûгɹĽҲ⣬ֻȤĿߣӮҲʣ
и̣һﵱǸαӣʩչֶҪĬɣ޳֮
ҪҲףǰֻزУ͹ƽˡ
ã߻ѧãͽ𴺳ɸղŵԭ˳Ǹ𴺳ԭϾһһѣû
Ǻǡ
Է绪ǺЦЦȴû̴Ӧ
Է绪˫ְ޳ʱµĿԼʳָ֪ʲôƺ˼
ô˼ҲңЩζĿԷ绪
ѾˣԷ绪ںԣʲôˣɱֽʦԱȵ϶׵ĲǣԣϱԷ绪߳üȼ
ĬһԷ绪ȻһЦ˵ǽŽڵİɣԷ绪۸ģȥϾһ
ʱԺǰ棬ѾΧ˸ŵӣвŵӶѾӸԶĽע䵽
˵֪ԺһγսϵòͷˡǰĳԺռϷ硣
ϾһֱԺĵӡ
ҲָָֻŵµһƤͲȡ
⻰㳲Է绪Щͣ˫֮˿˿âڸᣡ
˴˱˴ˡߴֵĻӻ֣Է绪ʦֲҵĻҲֻûȥˡ
ʱȻѾＤŭԷ绪ˡ
Է绪Ǹ˼ܣֻг׼ŭܹõҵ
Է绪Ȼô׼ŭģбۿ˿Ѫɫ΢һ£ָֻ
һô
ôģЦʡ
Է绪һ˦䣬ȻϾһȥ
Է绪һٶȼԺĵӶΪ𾪣벻Է绪Ҫô
Ͼһġ
Է绪ȻֱƲ߲ˣֱϾһԻ֮Ѿʮֵԡ
Ͼһɫأ֪Է绪ĺƣʱ˵ˣʲôС
ʲôϾһʡ
Է绪һЦܼ򵥣ⳡսԺȫԺȻҲҪԺС
ϾһʱɫĬ
ԺעǰڣζһԺͬԺѪɢڡ
ôң
Է绪ϾһڴĻش
ʦ֣ɣ
Աߵɫ˵
Է绪ԺʵǿˣԺ˲ŵ㣬ڳûһĶ֣ǴδԷ绪ʵж٣ǵļУԷ绪ÿһս赭д·ûоȫƵġ
ϾһĬԷ绪ȻмһЦ˵ңǾ̸ʦǸβ͹
Ͼһ⻰ҲˣԷ绪˼һȻΪЦ
һʱ֮䣬ִѵľء
ʱߵҲ
İȻҪġ߹ЦţƺһжȲʤȯһ
Է绪ʱˣϸ߼ۣ˵˼֡
ʦܣ壡

ûϵ߰˰֣Է绪ЦǺǵĵô˵˵Ķע
Է绪һԺ˹ʱдˬ΢΢һЦ˵˵
ȻԴ˵أûһθڴˣֻҪһˣԺǷ񡣡
ᵽҪʱԷ绪뵽ҪĻԷ绪Է绪ȻΪԼԺκһˣǲܵģһᶼûС
ãôˣ֪Ҫ˭
һԷ绪ӦȴⲻżڣǶΧ˴Ƕͬ˰ܷڰ
˵ѾתͷԷ绪ôҪ˾ԺԺС㣡

һʱ䣬Χȫļžš
ԭЦݿԷ绪Ҫʱʱˡ
ԺԺ£ǿǿߣ
ǿͨգɱգۣ˶һﵨӱȽϴ󣬵ȴδ뵽ĵӾȻ˴󣬴ĵ˴ǿߵ⡣
Ҫ˵Ϊ𾪽ģԺļˡ
ʦܣǲǷˣ
ʦܡ
ֻЦſԷ绪ղԷ绪ЦſϾһһ
˫ģĶ֮Ȼͬˮˡ
ʱԷ绪Ҳûǰ̩ɽȣ̵ĸëһ˫Ķߡ
ԺעĲģ
ôҲңǺãԷϾοʦ֮飬һ
߲ģԷ绪ıֶɱĬȻҪҪĳףҲԺҪüĵһ


29 Ⱥܰԣ
Է绪ǰϾһʹף¹ȻӦѭˬֻⱨӦʵеˡ
Է绪ӹʵǿǣǣٸʮ˸ĵҲüעӮˣ˵׼Ҳֱ˺
Ҳ뵽һ㣬ֱӽĺ·
Է绪Ĭ飬ŵĴ󲿷ֵӶףҲԷ绪²̨Եʡ
ӣ⣡
Է绪ôҲǺ۷壬ֻ̤쾳ˣڳԼԺӣҲͲûȥˡ
ǹؼǺ·Ѿ
ĬãԷ绪ȻһҧҸҶģ֤ˣ
׼߸ڲãȫûչ˵ķݶԷ绪һѲϾԺԺʧˣԺû˳˵㲻СİѼ𣿺οǲܵġ
˵ˣ¿ɲӣȫԽάԺȣ޳СԺɫں޳¼עһСӣ㲻ѣ
۹
뵽⣬Է绪ȻϲֳѾֳ˻ּȵĪĿ
֤ˣ˵ĴһָһתͷԱߵС£Ǹ͵ӽ
磡
ԹһݺݵһۣȻʮֲԸһֻһ΢ɲɳ˱ڵĺ󷽡
ɻĪĹ򣬿кȻƮһƣ֮һɫ̽һСԴ
ԭдСžŵԷ绪ֺǣСʱʱɫ䣡
㣡
֪˵ʲôһָߣֻ˵һ֡
Ҫģ˵עǼСӣڴأôǿʼɣ˻ûСȻ˵ˡ
Դһ飬ûǵǸһ¾ͱͭŮӣʱһνȻͬһϣϵĲΥһκȣôŶܹŵŨİζȺܰԣ
ӿԵּζ
߶ʱһĳ嶯ѿڶһ䣺ӣҲţ
֪⻰Ĳ˵ģһ͹һ㣬˵þͻͭࣵһ¾ûˡ
С˵
֮в˶֪Ⱥ͵ӵĴڣǵ൱һʵںңȼĽɫ
Үÿɰ
߹ϵ̧ͷöСԼͷϷŲͬĶ
ȵȣʲô
߸һ̧ͷ䲻ʲô͸Ķһһϡ
ʶһ
ҿ
壡
̧ͷǻ廬һĶС
ҿǹӣ
û뵽ô⾹Ȼˮ
һ˵á
ԶϾһͷŷСü˼
ôᾪ
Ȼ뵽ʲôװͷɫӵĿߵ
ʦܣʶ

ͷĸһ
ϾһԽ𾪣翴һ㿴㵱棿
ʱǺһЦ¶һʽƦࣺ

ôԷ绪֤ˡ
ʮĨȥСĿˮЦš
ãӣӸ㲻ɡ
ͬʱҲϾȻʮ꣬Ǳĵˣ绪ïһ֦Ϊɧ䣬ֻδ˵ŮӣǴ̽
Է绪ʱûעϾӨ͸ĹӣʱӶҪΪµӡˡ
һﾹȻ˹֤ˣңһ
˰ˣԷ绪һӢ⵽ˡ
һԷ绪ɴҲٶʲô˼ˣֱ˵˵Ȼ˹֤ˣôǵĶԼʽʼ
Ȼ⣬ʹӣڰԼˣá
˵֮Ѿڿյ˼ƣ׼һŶɱһŶԡ
ȣȵȣ
߻ûϷǳԵȺܶ
һ̧ͷȻ͸ĸоˡ
߶ʱһŵĺߣ꣬ܲܲƮͷϣ
⵱ȻֱӺҪίһ㡣
һֿί˵ǸܲƮǼһͷϡ
ܣ
СشĵǸĴģһ㶼
ᣡ
Ϊʲô
߷Լ̩ɽǰԼˮûôǿҵĳֶĳ嶯
ϲȱ˵ͷҾͲȲͷ

һʱߺԶԷ绪֣һָ
ȣš
ʵûˣ˵Ӱôˡ
䣡
ֳ˵°ͶЩȥ֪С˭˸Ŀɿڴ
һսǿޱţ
Ҹղ˵ˣСգ۾ʣûӳƺ
˵ȵȡ
һ̣߸оԼľǴ
ŶˣȻСӵעôܲڳأҰ
Ǻһ̣ԺԲڱһҪƶ
£㵱ע

ղڿлصòƽϢ
ţô첲Сܷΰ嫵
һȻãδأԺĴŴͶһ£񻣬һɴŮӡ
ŮӲǰ̧ͷͷϷŹСɴգҲı仯
һŽĿͶǰΧȺ
Է绪˱ӵˣ
½Ųӯȴʮֿ죬Է绪ǰ
ԺԺˣ
Է绪ɫޱ䣬֪˵ʲôȻкһһָߵԺˣԺвǣǣ
˵һ룬ü׷ʡ
ȻǼµʲô
޳СԺвǴԺ㣬ԲŻ޳ܶԼʵ޷ܣŽսСԺǴԺǴ󣡡
Է绪ɫ֮߾ͳһû
꣬ң
ЦʮֵĨȥϵĿˮ
Ժ㿴Ǹ޳СѾ̲סˮˡ

˭õǿˮ޳ܵСġ
һﾹȻ˵Ϲ
ҼûɻûôƷûߴҡͷ
û
СʮְԵĸţͬʱоӨ͸Ĺȥȫ䵽ߵͷϡ
ߺǺǵЦţڹӲҪҪҪһӢ
ȻҲôԷ绪ĻǺôԷ绪Ժĵӣ˵ʲôʱҲܲԼ̨
ˣȻȥѵһǸСӣŹ棬㶮ġ
˵꣬Ҳ˵ʲô˺󼸲վһߴĿš
õµɣԷ绪̤ʵ࣬תĶߣϣ¶ĺǰ˱رƵá
ȻԲڲΥŹĬļһ
ˣʼɣһŻȥԹأ
СŹе


30 һǣָ
ΧΧ۵ȺУ֪С˲ԴʱСսʼΧѸٵİ
ʱߺԷ绪Ѿվ˿׵Ĵյϡ
˵ǺܹؼһսⲻԺһҪת۵㣬ǹϵԺܲڱһ·˳˳ˮĻȥ
Է绪˵ͬʮҪģԼˣôѣ֮أӮˣһж˵˵ҲԼ̤ŵһ޴
ԣһԷ绪ȫûбʵ˼һֻкʵˣаٷ֮ٵʤ㡣
Է绪ΪؾԪ۷ʿȻŻĵ̡
һսƣȻҪ߸߳һ
Է绪ɢͱ˵ƣֻ΢Цû̫ľȡ
ʦ֣˵ʦܲӮ
һԵŷЩŵĿߵһ˫ˮɵģ˵ĵǡ
Ƭ̣ţԷ绪Ԫ۷壬ܹ⣬ܴȭʦܱϾֻؾ磬š
ôһ˵ŷȶʱӵĵˣǰ߼ʱڴ֮ͥܵ裬Ů˵ѾĪĶˣһߵĸо֪֮Ҳ仯ࡣ

˵䣬Χռ΢΢һƺʲôϢ˵۷Ȼ޷Թġ
սϣߵ½˿ĳȴѾƮ
ǿɱ
Է绪һʱ͸оˣɹϢɱ֮ӯУʱɫ˼֣ɱģһǴ֮߳Ĵ־ߡ
Է绪¶ȻһЦһȴһȭ
ȭȭѾȫ򣬲ǰСǹԸ𴺳ɵսѾõʵʮ֮󡣵ȻԷ绪ȸ𴺳ҪѶԸ
ߵһγȭֻǵ̽Ҳֻ˲ɡ
ۿȹоŶԷȭȭԷ绪ϵ֮ɫϷʺͳŪ
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һȭ˿գǰԷ绪Ѿԡ
̾Է绪ٶȿ죬ҲȣԼⰴͰ̽̾һ̶жϳԷ绪Ρ
Ųæģʩչ̫ŲŲתŲ֮䣬ıܿԷ绪ơ
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һҪȥԹء
˽֣С̾ͲˣڵͿյСеġ
Է绪һЦȻˣҲ˷ʱˣȥɣ
˵ţԷ绪Ȼ߶ղٶȱǰ˺ü
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ȻǷˣѾԷ绪ѹˡ
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ʱҲ֪Է绪ͨѾܿ⣬ڵһȫʱʩչȭ֮ΪǿɱһС
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һɲ֮䣬嵽ǰԷ绪һִǰˣսʤ
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⿴ȥƽһָȻܹ꣡
δָȵƽһָȴХбʯ֮
ԶϾһԷ绪İָ·Ӱһʱɫˢһ¾Ͱˡ
⿴ƽһָĬ
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Է绪ĹƽһָҲüޣ
ʱԷ绪ŵ³֣һǣָͬʱϣֳ֣Լķ
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ֱʱ߲ףԷ绪ͻȻֵʱһָ
˼ȴ˿ҵȻϾһ˼ɵԷ绪һУȻͬ죬ȻΪһֶ
ʱѾǼϣ
˫ȭһָɲ֮ƺһҡضĴ
𺳵ĸоĿΪıϯ˷
ЩΪµĵЩ綼Եֵ׷׺ܡ
裬۷쳾ɳذ
֮󣬵֮ʱĨȥ۾ϵĻҳս֮еվ
Է绪һָ׼ȷĶߵ˫ȭ֮ϣ߷Դֳ·˫ȭȴûзֿԷ绪޳һָ
ߵɫЩ԰ףƺѪ
Է绪Ϊ۵ǣǰλãĪĶһѪܵ˿ڣƺʲô˺ԵʣѪ˿ڵ¡
˳ĬƬ̣ȻͬʱһԾѸ
Է绪ٺһЦߣˣѳɶֻ֣˵ҵ壬ȴ˵꣬ͨ챾죬֮ڱȻɢ
˵⣬Է绪޼ɵĿЦ
ޱ飬԰׵Ͽκεһ̵·ֻصǰɱ硣
ʱ¶ۣΪʱ磡
˵ţϹâһѳճ֣


31 ʮָ˿
߾ȻûʶΣ޴ó˽Է绪֮Աǡ
ףⲻ̫ôС
еСŹСţһ˫ԲĴ۾˸Īɡ
ԶļڿеĳʱͬʮֵľȣɴڸǵԵ޷ı仯ǽ¶š
ѽѽôܻУ
ڳģ˼ºصС֮⣬ƺûʶһ糤
֣̽һᣬԷ绪㡣
ƺԣơ
ִҪսȥû˼Է绪һ˿Ц
գĿǰȴ·Ǿ͹ֲˡ
ˢ
һ˸ղűɢٶȸ֣סԷ绪塣
ʱߣȻûбԳκεļ󣬵ȴʮֵòϣԷ绪һһǣָȻԵ꣬ղŵһζԾ֮ȻȭԷ˲СĴˣǶԷһָͨ˫ȭԼꡣ
ܹĸоڱ֮еЩƮˣҪ뱾ļ
Ҳ壬ΪԷ绪һǣָĹ֮ʶеɽͼȻұһ֮Ȼ֮֮е꣬ι̵˱֮С
Ȼ˵꺳ЩƮɽͼ֮뱾ɢ⡣
Ϊ߲ųŭˡ
ԭĴǣ򲻵ѲصĽ¿ѽǺսʤǣ֮Է绪ˡ
̵ɽͼ֮Ǵ֮еõ
ɣ
ޱһȣн裬һǳ貽
Է绪ʤȯգʱƾղٶȴߵĽ֮䡣
ˢˢˢ
Է绪Ȼٶȷɿ죬˽̽ӽʮ˵ͬݺ֮˷˲佫Է绪ǰȫ
ǿĽ
һΧԷ绪ҲԾû뵽ܵ˵߾ȻܹĽ
Է绪ҲȫȻ壬ƺкС
ۿűΧԷ绪ȻҲ˱Ȼеƣ²ٱʮ˵ݺɳв֮ơ
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ʱսѾѽѷ֣Ժ˶۾źԷ绪ߣڹֵĽĴ
û뵽Է绪Ȼǿǰû¶ȫʵ
ϾһһɫûʩչȫʵԷ绪Ժûһ֣ʱóֶΣ߿׶༪ˡ
Է绪˫ʮָչʮָָâԶļ°ͷҸİ˿ѾںˣԷ绪Ǻӣһ̤쾳磬ͷȻܸߡ
߼СʱǱԷ绪ʮָָѾŷʮ΢ɲ˿ߣ˸Źɫʣֻ˿ϸ΢緢һ޷
ϸ緢˿˿ֳ߳İĺɫİ³Ĳ˿
Է绪Ȼ츳ڣǳǸ˼аԵҲĹǱȽϺ޵ַһ㲻˽֮˾ͬʵҲѲ㡣
һǣָ⼴ʩչʮָ˿Ǽպ
ߴʱȻص罣ǵһȫֵԷ绪ЩԽƥҲлء
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Щϸ緢˿ϸ߾ȻϷƶһ˻˻
һȻ࣡
Է绪ÿһжպݶʱҲԴʮֵĲмֲʲôħаޣȴħа޵ֶΣ˲ݡ
뵽߱˽˻ɱ
ڱڣһΪŵӣ̤죬Ȼи˱
Ҳ֪Է绪ĶԼѾǲˣ䣬Է绪ͬҲ䡣
Ҳ׷˺ݣһߵʮ˵ƵƵͬʱ̫ŲתޣڶԷƵ˿֮߱ͻ
ֻǼգ۵ĹѾǴѽѷ֡
ߵĽԽԽ죬ԽԽ졣
Է绪İ˿ÿһߣշ֡
ߵԺ֮УƵƵתΧɽͼΧʮ˵Ӱƺʼ˱仯
һ㽣Ӱз˱仯һСĹ򣬾Ȼ׻Ӱ
һ仯־ϲ仯Ѿݻ˽
ķʮ٣Ȼжʮ˵ȻݻĽʮֵģһǲȱģȴѾӵиܵ˱ǰŨζ
ܵ˽˷гȻãˢˢˢߵǴŶӰ
ֻߵӰһ˲ڿбУ˸֮侹ȻһӰ
񣬲
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Ӱ֮ޱߵķֱնİ˿ɵ
ͬʱҲоɽͼ֮һصϢڲϵıӿתƺǿĳĽԴͷԴһصϢ
Ȼʱ߹˲ȥ˼ЩۿĲһǰּۿ죬ˢˢˢߵгΡ
׻񣬰׻
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УԷ绪ɫױˡ
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ֻǿ߲ܹĶôܻУ
ЩѾȥˣΪ˲䣬ӿĽЯſֲ˺ѹ
ˢ
Է绪ϵ۷˲ɨתΪ
紵ĽֱƿնԷ绪壡
飡
ѪɽԷ绪йƤŷɽѪʼ󵹣
ɫҰףųֲסĲţȻȻǿվǱ֮ӵȴƵҡҷڡ
һǣָʮָ˿ֱָ߱һǣֲָ֪֮ܵ˶ٴʮָ˿Ϯ걻ĪǣǾһǰδеĥ
ɽͼǿǣƣʱѾʼɢˡ
𵴣룬ǿߣҲ޻֮
ȻΪԷ绪һжѾʱȴޱȵķ֣Զ뵹ػԡѪԷ绪ȻһȻޱߵĻȻֲ֮ΡΡվ
Է绪Ȼվ
пһ£ʱһɲõԤС


32 ף
ܹǿʩչصٽѾսļˣû뵽ǣٽиˢԷ绪Ȼܹվ
Ȼٷһٽ󣬵Է绪Ȼܹٽ֮վԼƴȫٴһٽҲ޼£
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ߴʱҲףԼܹõٽ󲢲ֻռȫʮ˵ٽܹϳٽǿֻȫʮ˲ܹõǾĿǰʵҪʮ˲ЩѶȵġ
Է绪Ȼվҡҡ׹ȴƫƫûе£ϵѪȴȻ¶޷׽Цݣ˫΢΢ƺǰеĻȫ޷׽һ̵硣
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ˣʹ˽ɣҲȥԹһεսʤߺߣС
ʱͿеСŹ˵
ʤ
ͷһɣһƺСһﰵаԼһѣҪԷ绪ԸԸˡ
߿Է绪ȻܹסٽҪƽֿЩѶȡ
ȻԶԷ绪Ľֻ֮ǾĵͷľȻûһ˿Ե˼
վڸߴļºȻһ£ȻļԺӵȥԷ绪ȥˣ͵Ϊֹ
˷Է绪Ҳ罣ص˼ߡ
һĶǵսһ䣬Χ۵ĴȺҲС½ɢ
̧ͷʱֿеСѾ֪ʲôʱûӰˡ
߰ȻĻԺ˶ʮָˣ˵һֻϾһ΢һ£ʵʦܣǰѽ
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Ȼ벻ߴٽһصĽ֮зӡǿ󡣵ǷǷӡ˽ĽȻģҲ֮ǿ߲ܹ߶
߲Ұ׵¶һ˿Цȴûлش
ѽҲ֪ô˵
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⣬ȷʵ뷨ʱԷ绪ͬƽ֣һҵĽ֡
ҲһҿԷ绪Ҳǿ֮ĩˣĽˣȫأսļҲ󡣡Ͼһ
ԣƺס
ʱԱߵ䲻ðһ䡣
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ܴ覷ģֵܹ֧Ѿǲˣﻹжȥע顣
ҿԷ绪Ľ֮ûһ˿ս˵ˣǶһָѣȴվǲ÷˼𣿡
渵ôһ˵ϾһҲüͷһ壬о˵Ĳûе
˵˰г֣
ǵģһǿ֣߳صַ֧Է绪壬ʱ¡ͷ˵
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Ȼ߷˼ǱϾٰĽ󣬾Է绪Ǻ۷壬츳ѣھ㽣и֮󣬲Ѿң
Ȼܹվжţȫ
ѵǼ£
߿п׵ҲֻмˣΪһεľֱǣһԷ绪ҪжԼߵĵǲһλǿ˵ܵġ
Ȼ֪˴ǱϾǺʿǿ߶˽⣬ƲⲻȻҲͲȥ롣
ߴҴҵĸϻס֮󣬱㿪ʼˡ
ܴͬСɣвͻǷɢٲ
һʱķɿ죬۾ʱ򣬷Ѿˡ
ܵȻʮѲɽͼıӻҲûʲô󰭣ٹͻ᳹׻ָȻ⼸ǲ׺˶ֵġ
ʱ⴫ŲԼǵĵء
˵Լˡ
ߴţŷȣվһµʳУȻͳԵ
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ЦţϵЦʮֺ㣬ʲô¶ûһ
ŷȴʳУһһóŵϡ
˻ڣȻŷȸոá
ʦǶԹ𣿡
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߿Ҳ˵ʲôϾŷǰԼֻһʮС꣬Щǿġ
ҲȷʵǶˣһٷһ㡣ŷȵյҲ֪ѧģ֮ķ˺θڴ󿪣һ򣬾ֻʣ¿ӿˡ
극һ£ʹӽָóһСƺӡ
ŷʦ㣬ܲҺһ
ŷɫ΢΢һ죬ƺ뿪ھֻܾ΢ԥһ£͵˵ͷ
ЩϸȻ˵ҲջأǾ͵ƣҲǿƱŷʾһ±Լˡ
ŷȷϵԥһ£ǹһޱȵĶƱ͵˴ߡ
Щ̣Ǹ˵ͻˣʦ㲻ƣ򲻿ǿ
˵䣬ŷѾһڣʱˮ̼ҿһ˫ʣεϸźΡ
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ǡŷȻЩɬʱžĺΣȥӽޡʦܺúϢҾȻȥˡ
ţ㡣
ʮ֪ʳС
߳ţһξ룬ŷȲŴùʳоˡ
һֱԼ˵ŮԶȥŽݣҪţȻһϸ춯ʱһȵ˭


33 
ŷȣٴγһµɽͼеϢܲ̽һЩʱ춯
һȣ㿴һӰӲԶӰ˳
ʦܣҡ
⵹Щ֣ɫƺôÿȻѾ൱Σôӹߵ۾
Ŷԭʦ֣£
£˿ϵľƺƱȻ̾˿˵ŷȴȾƵģҶԾƹ
һǸĵͻˣһŷʦǸ
һ֣ûʲôҽһҪ˵
ʱ֪ģ˳ǿŷҲʹĸ˹еЩʲôȴǲµĲ̫͸ˡ
ϾԺ˵Լһ¶˵ֱһĻǻ
ŷȣֻԺӵĿУŲƵķ
Ŷ֪ʦΪ˺£
̾˿˵ʦֽ
ϾһƺǺ飬ǴʱɫȴЩԡ
⣬ʲô𣿡
ߵǲ֪ˣϾһ޷ʵˣ⵱ƺûʲôѰζ顣
ʦ֮ǰ֮ģһβʮ㣬Ĳ
ɫƺºܵǡ
ҲһһϾһܵ˴Ĵ̼ҪȻҲ־ǰԣȻһսܴ
̾˿ʦԹһ˱ȻܹջҪģʦ֡
˫⣬ԴɵĿ˿ߣŵʦʱӣԺ½ʦϡ
򲻿ɣ
£Ȼ̴ӦԼԺõġȻ˵ԺûмˣǱϾһԺȻǺʵۺԺеġ
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˵꣬վ뿪
Ҳվ͵⡣
ͻȻãȻֹһô򵥣ܿĳһЩû˵ЩҲ⣬ϾԼԺѾһ壬ҽһսΪԺü˵ʲôҲûɾΪߡ
ҹ˾
ԺУһС¥ĺ¡
վǰҹƮŵһѩӰӡ
ӣһƻʲô
Ӱ䣬˿һ˿ĸ飬жӦһӡ
һĿɥ࣬ԹѩӰѾദһӣò˵ƺкܶܣ죬Է绪һܣȻóƷ罣ɴж̫ƺĪĹǲ֪ô֡
֮ȻˣԽֵ࣬Խ󣬲ȣҪȫȫĳiͰ׸֮Ҫ˶þͻ˺Ƥʱûмõóֵ֪ġ
ѩӰɭȻ˲
أڿǱڵĸ߲ģ㣿ʡ
أѩӰȻԺҪִiģʵڣôѹȺۣıԶǣΪ·ϾǸŮӡ
һҲɵһԼiΨһļ̳ˣҲiϣƫƫԼʾѣǿݺᣬűŲϺš
ĬƬ̣ȻʵڲɣҾȥ׽i֮λýã
֣
Ӱ֮УѩӰȻһ⣬ʱ˵
ҪסϣŮƱ䡣
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뵽һ㣬䲻һս𣬼ȻѩӰô˵ѵҲǸ׵˼
ѵҲã
һʱЩңȫ˷硣
ˣԾڴˣҪ˶ã̿ճǿܾͻдıʣ֮ǰ׼һУǰҸѡ֮УмһνڵģĪҪôʧ
ѩӰ˵꣬ҲʲôӦϢʧҹɫ֮С
ãһأصԼ䡣
Լķ˳˼
һս߿缶սڳԷ绪һǣָ֮ȻܹսһѾ˾ϲ𾪵ǣס˶ԷһǣָԷ绪ɱʮָ˿»ܹĽѾǰδеˡ
Է绪˵ϿνָƣԷ绪Ϊǿɱвһǣָһǣָʮָ˿ֱܹ𺳶ĺ
ǲǸøЩҩȥ
ʱһӨ͸İӡ
Щʡ
һ·֪ԼȻȥԼС˺üദЩӣϻû˽ˣóȻʩӶݣ׻᲻ķУ
οԼϵѾˣ᲻ΪԼĴģ
һʱͷ
һȥ
ڶʱѾ˱ըԵţǾԺһţ
صСͺ۷Է绪սƽ֣һȽԷ绪ĻѪҲ̶ã
ңСȻֻкأȴܹǿ߶ЩɵĽ
Ǵźܶ࣬ȴû֪СʵһЩ߾͸Сһײĳƺţţ
ԭǸʹСǹԸ𴺳֮󣬶óһϵѪһ˷˼ĵܹŮĳ۵ĶʱСΪı־
ţ
ߵסŷȵ˵ĿһʱʱĿɿڴ
⣬ֻǰɱʱһϰ߶ÿɱһˣᶪһסԷȻҲϰߡ
ŷ¶˵ЦߵıЩ͵Ц
ŷȣɣ¶һ˶ߵƵģ֪ȻԷ绪һǣָȴûĬʱжһɡ
˵һ󻰣ԻȥȥˣϾҪԺĻԻͣǹ⿿˵ģҪѪһĴ۲ܹʵ֡
ϸš
ϾһŷȺɣ¶ʵǺصʵиսǸӲᵹЩʵǹڸֱ߻ʵΡһˣܾһݹأҲЩԼڱվ˽ŸҪľץʱͻƣȡս̤졣
̤죬һ죬ֱӽţʱӴõԴ͸õĴ˵ܹЩϹŶָĻᡣ
Ȼ֪ʶղ٣Ҳں죬컹֪֮١
Ҳ֪йʿ֪ʶͼ䣬ǸĪϣһϣûǣҲûм쾿ʲôֻǶļ䣬׸ı
ǸΣѵģ
߷ôӣʵĿŴ⡣


34 𴺳
˼ܣ֪ԼһֱһһɲΣͲһ
ǸŮӣǸʤѩɫŮһˣΪʲôһֱԵ޹ʵĳԼԺ
˼Ƭ̣Ҳ벻ȻͻȻȤ£ץһԵֽʣ̧ʣٶȽξ֮λŮӻ
ī㻭һ͡
ڶλٶȺַѤ࣬Ȼֻһīɫֻһ֧ëʣǱī£ȴȫȻһ
֮ڻϽдһ֡
ž
±ʣվڴǰüͷ
ǸˣǸŮһĳֹ
ǾԲΣ
ֱ֪ǾԲһô򵥣
Ҳ֪ŮȻܹ֪ʶ͵ԼԺȻǷˣԼֻһСϣ¸ûмĿܡ
һ磬߹ʮ־ᡣ
ʱŷ׼ʱͷˡ
ÿһεķ˶Ĳãһůҵ˼ҵĸоǰûмûûѣ֪֪ȫһչˣȻ缶Ķɱ֣ж֪ڰɱɷᾭһ˶ڹ԰棿
ŷʦ㣬лл㡣
ԵĵлȻʼԷ
˼ڣߺȻ̧ͷЩǸ˵ŷʦ㣬ԲҲ֪ȾƵġ
ŷЦЦ˵ǰǴȾƣأ֮оõġ˵ЩȻѵһ¶һƤЦݡ
ߺǺһЦͷԷŷվߵķⲽп
ܿ죬ͿϵĻʱԾ۾
⡭
ŷ۾Ծޱȣ⻭ıʷ⹴Ⱦˮ׼ɶʦģ̺һֶһ޶ϡŮȻδһͺ⻭ŮӾվԼǰһ
ţ
ŷȷȵĺһŤͷͿŻֽٰϸŷȡ
˿Ҳû˵ʲôͼԷˡ
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ŷȻ̤ʿ磬ǶȴģǻϾ֮ὫʢĻʦϸϸƷζͻͬһֲɶõľ硣
ףλʦƷôûκδݵĿӡʲôģ
ʦһ㶼һ֮ѡһʵλԼĴǱġ
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ϸһᣬŷȱʣʦܣģ
Ȼڽŷˣͺ˵£㻭ġ
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ŷȶʱһûץΣΪԼˣʶһ䡣
ߵûŷȵķӦķȥ˵һ顣
һΣŷȫˣ⻭Ȼ߻ģ
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ǰ
ЩãȻ
Ѿ극ˣžƱȵŷȣʮֲ⡣Ļ־ܻ˵ƽ֪ŵŷУǿɾǲһˣĻǴʦֱʣ
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ŷȻϲĽȻֺһЩڻʦһЩȤ£Ȼ뿪
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ͱ˵ˣ˯֮󲿷ֶ˵ˣ߰˰˵Ķʮѡ
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߲˵ŷҲȥЦЦתȥ
Ȼû˵ٻоûǸҪƫƫ˵滰ŷȴΪ˵˻ѡ
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Ҫ˵ֻеǻŮֵһˡ
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𴺳óʹǹ츳ڣȴ²ҰܣǸһұ۵Ĵۣǲɻìܡһθ𴺳ɵĵȴǱ𣬶ǹľϡ
ǾѡŸ𴺳Լķ䡣
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ܹԷ绪ƽ֣Լİ£Ҳǲԩˡ
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ʦ֣֪֪Щʲô
ߵҲʮֵĿ²һľҲɵ࣬ûҪŪĽŵġ
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˵ɡ
ߴ豭һˮƵ𴺳ǰ
𴺳ûж豭ɫصĵֻ֪ʦܵǹ֮Уǡ
ǹгӰһֱ޷ףǹǹôֱܻģ
ô
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ῴȥĸ𴺳ɣЩǵ˵
޷ԶҵĶ֣Цĺܲá
˲֪ȴޱȣǹȭ壬𴺳ûУԵļ⣬ȴ޷Ტۡ


35 
һսͬʱҲ˾ҪԺ˼ˡһû˸Ժսˣ⵹Ժδй
ߵҲָˣ⼸֮ǵ̶ĵطԷڳԷʱ໥һĵúᡣ
⼸ѵõİ࣬Ҳˡԭĥһ£˭ϾһȻ˺ݣȥͲˣҲû취ȥ
ȻԪʩչͨǶԹҲ൱ǿҵ󣬱ϾǴĽ׶ΣĺòãֱӰ쵽Ժĳɳ
Ѿǳ׵뵽ԺУıɣԺκղضٶ൱ĹھѧϰˣЩھܹ͵ģҲνս𣬾Է绪һǣָ͸𴺳ɵİǹȵȣЩ޷ͨᲢ۵ġ
֮ԶЩ͵ȼĹھȤΪصɽͼȫԸṩ벻ĶĹǲôеҪ
һʱߵҲ˽˲ٶа󷨵ȵȡ»ûʱȥоЩΪѾҪ̤ʿһ;ϵһƿ죡
ߵĻǿޱȣǰδУĻֱĴڣڽѹƵ£Ľ١
µĹѾȵ̤˺ڰȶ
νȶҲԪȷ˼ʱĶѾﵽ˼ޣҪͨϵĲİӶԪΪ׼
Ҳ֪̤죬죬Ǵļ䵱֪Ȼɹļʲ󣬵ǻһЩ취ܹӳɹļʵģ˵ѡһԣĳصص㣬׼һЩĵҩӳɹʣٱ˵һ׷ǿƵĽۣǿнԪķתﵽٽֵ
ЩܹӳɾļʵģǾµ״ǵеκһܣ޷㡣
Ϊʱŷ֣ԼľȻ˵
һףʿԷеѾûˣʿҪģֻԪ
ͬȵԪͬԵԪͬƷ׵ԪѾʿ໥֮佻׵Ӳͨҡ
Ԫܹ֮Ϊʿ֮ӲͨңΪκԪ̺Ĵڣǿ԰ʿеģǿ첼󷨵ģǿģ
˵ǷǺʿйصĶ벻Ԫ
ߴʱȻвٵĽӣЩѾȫȻûô
û뵽ôһ죬Լ൱ĽӣȻ
ԪмУעļ۸񰺹ȻͨӷչһЩʿ˵վǱˮн
ЩڶȻôӣÿһ¶ÿһŵӷһЩͨĵҩ൱Ԫ
Ҳˣÿһ·ŵԪÿʮƷԪ
ԪҲ൱˽⣬ԪΪƷƷƷͼƷԪƷף˵ƷԪֵһٵĻôƷԪֵһƷԪֵһ
ɴ˾жϳԪĶһһٿƷԪܹһһƷԪԴƣһżƷԪǾҪƷԪ
ںʿ˵ʱƷԪѾһǳݳ޵ˣһ£ӶὫԪʱãϾ̤죬תٶѾԶԶĹӦֻнԪİܹȲʵ
ڲʲôɣԪȻޣ¿ƵֻΪȼϡԪ˵ŵӣɵʵҲûʵⵥṩԪͿԿ
ûָɵĸ̤ĳˡ
Լ취
øԪ
ǣڱ֮УòƳ˴õԪҲûбİ취ˡ
ҹ
˵ҪԪ
ŷЩȵĿߡ
ҲߵһսȼԺ˵Ķ־ԺʰϣǶ׷ĪĽŷҲɹ̤صľ硣
ʱų극ϢĿյ߰Լ뷨ŷ˵ˡ
ٺ٣ǸǮ˭Ҫ˭Ǹš
ȻһʱͽԼʵ뷨˵˵Ǳĳʶ
ʿ֪ʿУνǮԪ
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ִ˵ȻỳɣʹֻϣŷȸһЩ취
˼һŷȿڵʦ񣬵һԻԪİ취̫Σˡ
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۾⣬ѾһЩƽϡ
ŷȽ͵ʦ֮еһЩ߲ģ֮еһЩӢǷģ֮󣬶ȱٲ˲ϣȻǿߣǶЩϾ˼ԾͽҪĶʦķʽһֶŵ˵ܹɵġЩ֮󣬾ͿԵõӦĽһ˵ԪѶȽϴһЩ񣬿ܻзؼһĽ
Ŷŷʦĵطʡ
󡣡
˻ԪķҲ˲٣Ȼ˵ѶϵȽϴ󣬵Ǻˣϰ˸ð⵵£ޱȵĿš
ʦѾˣ˿ûжҲ֪ôˡ
Աߵ¶ǵ˵
ߵİɣҪľʦ֣һܹɹġ
˵ͷҲǱˣƣֻһ˵룬Ҫȥһ̽ȴǲܵģοĽַֻϾһ֪
ˣһ·أ
ڶ죬߱ȥѰλá
ʦǶŵӺŵӶŵģλõҲǡôźŵĽشһޱȵĴ󷿼䣬ֻһ㡣
ǰ߱㿴˸вٵǻ⵱żвȽϢ೤ŵӡ֪ŵӶǿߣԷ˶СıܿǽӴ
ףǲǴ˵еѵҲʦģ
̨̤ףʱ򣬲ԶС
ô֪û
Ѽ˵Ϻ죬ҿȻ
Ϲµģ˵˵˼ŵʦ֣ǿߣһָͷ㡣
ۣҲᣬ̧߽
֮гǽϹʱʱĻ˻ժµеĳһߵſڣһͷǼ֮ʹȥ
Ҳ˴Ҵҵܹӹȥ֮뿪ġ
߿ʼһķŹǽϵӡ


36 ʦ
ʦһõԪһǣһǰΪɱֵĸо
ǰɱ֣ȫǮȡʹȥδƶ񣬲
һΣʦƺҲֻҵһЩǮȡӰˡ
һѣʧķֻ֣ǲɲҩڿʲôģûһ㼼żһѪģҲֻɱһֻͼޣ˵˻ǲϡЩûսԵĶϰս޵ԸȻϡ
û뵽ЩŵӣȻԲôȤ
˰죬ջǱˮ̬ȣժһӡ
ſڣӷŵͷǰϡ
ͷ̧ͷЩǵ۾˿ߣȻֿ˿ϵӣӹһ˿죬ʲôҲû˵Ǽ֮ȻһϽߡ
תȥ
ҿǿȻҽӾɽȵ
ǰŸߣһڿѡ˾;ɤӶߵһ˵Ǳ˺þƵġ
ߵȻûôԣֻǲмһתߵһߵǽڣȻǲһһվš
Ժߵĸ¥
ɽȣߵһöʮ죬ʮƷԪ
ϵϷעݡ޺ͱ꣬ǶԾɽȺͺߵһЩܡ
ţ
˽˾ɽȺͺߵһЩϢ֮󣬿±Ŀһ֡
һüĿĺɫдǣܹõڵƷԪΪͣ
ƷԪ
ʱǲʲôۺȵģƷԪ
Ҫ֪ǿߣƷԪҲʮģ
ƷԪѾһٿƷԪĸƷԪ̺ԪȻܱȲһٿƷԪƷԪ̺ԪЩƷԪ޷ģ
дע⣬˵ʲôҲҪƷԪõ֣
ܿ߾侲ˣӵڵޣѾļǿߣԼֻкصʵҪսʤ켶޸ûпܡ
οȻͨŲôͨǿĳ̶ͬȼʿ޷ȵģ˵Ҫɱ켶ޣҪʵռƲпܡ
ҪõһƷԪѶȼ
ȻʮֹעһƷԪԭʼݺͽϾʮƷԪҲһʲСĲƸˣŵӵУܹóʮƷԪƺҲࡣ
ߣھɽ֮ڶ޵һ֣ǱȽСģˣޣҲС
жϣ̾ĺߣ඼ںڵģҲ൱ںغصʵ۷صĺ߼١
һ̤۷壬ͻɽȵĸȻһξ޴ɱ䡣߻Ϊߣͷ­ǣһɱɹͻΪ͵ʿѺ̤һһ̤죬ޱ㿪ǣô֮Ҳʼڵ
߽ӵ񣬸ǵõڵھȥɱޡ
ڻûɱǺߣ辡һԣȨһ
ö⽫һȻʼ׼ϾɽȾ̿ճڵı̿Ⱥɽǧ·;һؼʱ䣬°µʱ䶼еš
쵽ʱһжʰּͣһµʱµöҶӣ֤һʧ
ɽ̿ճʮֵԶûдߣеġ
ϳԷʱŷ߰飬߾ͽҪǰɽȵҪ˵һ¡
һ˵ʱڳ˶ԾС
ǶǱڵϱֵӣȻ֪ɽȵΣգޱ鲼յأΪٵ޲УһʧϹҩϵĵط
ɽӦһСطھڶ෽֮̽δдԼǸϹʱʲôֱϵĶҲͲٶע⣬ʢڶҩݣʯǳڶ֮ʿӰĶ
ںһʱŵӵϹ֮̽գҪһЩԵ
ޱ鲼޲䣬ʦܿҪǧСĲǡ
ŷȵ
ģ
߶ǰľƺ¡
Ժ⼸˳֮û˺ȾǣƽֻȲ衣
ڱڵĽ֮УƣԪʿΪɡ
ᵽŨľŷȶʱüʦܣƣҪٺЩǡ
ߵͷ֪ŷȹ֮ϲȾƣ˵Ҳǰ¶޲þƣȻҲ֪ʿûдﵽľ磬ȾƻкģԾƵİƺѾӡ޷Ĩ
ڶ죬߱ĳˣҽҲϡ
ȻҶԷдǵɽֵأҪԽʡٵʱ䡣
ʱںһ뿪¹ȥʱȻ͡
ԦҶ߰ⶨõ·ߣžɽȵķȥ
ɽڱ̿Ⱥɽ棬Լһǧ·;ĿǰٶȣȥҪһʱܹϵ
ϸʱ䣬Լʮʱ涺
ҶȻ棬ϾǵͼеٶȲ졣ɫڵʱ߷ǰٶȾȻԼԤƵҪϼСʱļƻ˵ûӰ졣
ҶȥߵǰԳһ
յͼӽ൱ƾõʷҺصģһþ񻰴˵
֪һ·򱱣Լİ͵˾ɽȵڡ
⣬߽䣬ߡ
̤֮Ҳ൱һȥȻ˿ܵڱӻ̨
ȻҲԼĶܡ
УŲڴϣϤաʱɫƳϵʱڣͷβľ¥ַǳҹз羰һĿȻм
һҸɾľߵϺõľƣҪ˼µ¾ƲˣҲ⡣
ֻϧȴǺþһҲͼ¶ǣֵϱͻȻҵĽŲȺľߺȴ䡣
üǺȲˡ
ȴûжֻ̧ͷɧĵطȥ˭֪һʱΪ
ڽֵĲԶŽֵ߹һȺˣһɫɫȹѣȻòŮ
ӯӯӢˬ˵Ȼŵӡ
òŮ˵ѾֵȥˣȵǣһȺŮΪ׵һˣȻǸ̨Ů𰣡


37 ɽ
Ϊ׵ɫ䣬縲һ㺮˪˫֮и޵ɱİ˾ŮһһɢΧͼΧ۵Ⱥ
Ⱥŵľٶɧԭ
߶ʱЩˣô͵ˣûϴˣΪ׵Ů𰣡
Ƭ̵ĹŮѾߵǰĽֵϡ
ʶģƺ쵽ߵĿ⣬·֮ʱĿһᣬߵķ򿴹
߲ûջĿ⣬֪ʶģұȻҪ𣬲ܲῪڡ
˭֪ǿˣ˵ĻȴĪʮַŭ
𰿪ȻٿСĹۣ
ʲô˼
߶ʱŭ𣬵»Ȼվ
ʲô˼
ûɵģȻ뵽⣬ƺԼʶǸ𰡣
Ȼֻһ֮ԵǸǿе㺢Ůﻹ˲ٵӡ󣬶Լ˼ҵĶûлһαżȻк֮ͰѶû뵽ԷһھȻ˵Ĳ
ʵеŭ⡣
𰣿ߣѾͷʶȻҸܷŹˣץ
˵־Ͷ֣һ仰δ䣬߰ŮѾһɫĶС˫УΧ˹
㲻𰣬˭ô𰳤һģһ
ߴʱѾ϶ǰŮԲˣҪȻ˵Ļ
˵֮䣬𰡯Ҳһ˫ϾͶһ˫Ϲ˸ĶУбǺǰеĶ̽Щơ
ķϻ
еݳһȦ磡
أ
𰡯һ֣߾ѾжϳʵȻǰֻ̤ǿߣ
Էûн͵˼Ҳʣкһ罣֣ӭǰ˫һãԱбȥ
ʱھ֮УطСսͻưΧĵط
ˢˢˢ
ոбͬһ˲䣬֧ѾƽǰΧǼŮ
ۿֱ䣬Ҳ룬ȻһأȻ㿴λεĽֱ
һĽ
һҹɣΧ˵ľΧŮͷ˳ȥֱ䵽˴ϡ

ӽУüͷ˵ʵʱɱˣŮˣⲻͱˣᡣ
ȻˣǾͱҲˣ
гһ±һϢȭŽⱼӿͻ
ǣһ֮䣬ҲһŮͬʱȭսһȭȭȥ
һһȭһǰƣ
òŮʵо۷壬ǾУŮʵغͰ֮䣬߸в˵˺ˡ
һ̳˲ҲŮеĶУͬʱֱӺͶײ
һǰһ󷢳ͬʱˡ
ߵ̫ǿˣǿǸ޷
˲ˣԭٺΧİΧȦѸٽ壬Ϊս
ʱŮ˫ȴѾǹֱҪ
ǺΧ֮ƽ⣬߾Ѹٵĺ󳷣սˡ
ۿŮߣֽ̧һӣˢˢˢߵ˲֮³ɲӰǶ۵
Сһɽĳ嵴ȥӴ󼤵Ľ֮˲佫ǰû
ʲô
صŮһж趯糱ͼֵӭĽС
˫иոʱһҲҵֵæˡ
Ǻ۷ǿߣǰСӳҲֻһأ벻ΪʲôԷǿᣬܹĹĽ
ʱѾݲȥ룬󷭷ƽȵĽ䡣
һߵľĸԶˡ
ˡ²ˣ
гһ㣬Ȼ磬̫Ųʩչһһ㱼⡣
һʵƵĽûԺãϢļƻҲ״ˡ
΢΢ȵǣԼ뿪򣬶ԷȻû׷⵹еΣһ򣬱Ȼͼı
ЩȻϢļƻˣҲ飬ҹֱɽȵڡ
һҹ·峿ʱָϵ˾ɽȵڡ
ɽλȺɽ֮УףççԲ֮֮иԵء
̤ɽȣ߱о˹ȻͬķΧȻдСȻһ̤ڣȻһƬưܣȻݺύľӲݴǿȥȴһֻɺĸо
ɽȣȻһЩŵ
ǰŷ˵Щǿ̽ûзʲô˵ȻϹŵһַƺûжļֵ
ڿ֦Ҷ棬һ˵ĸо峿ľɽԵĸӹ졣
Դ̤ɽȣ߾ʹӿǱˣʱʮ־עܵһж
֪Լʵ㣬ԲûдɽȣֻҪɽΧ̻һЩռڵͿԻȥˡ
ɽȵʱ߱ܿΧĵرڶĶ涾Ǳ䣬Ļϸ֮̽ЩҲ޷һЩƽĶ棬ûжüֵҲȫȻᡣ
пߣһЩȼ͵ң⵹Ǹʡ˲ٵĹ
צݣӲݣˮ
һһţҩݶݣӴޱȡ
λòݣ
ȻߵĿ䵽һ꿴ȥЩӨ͸ֲ棬ֲҶʮֹ죬ϸС룬һֲͨ嶼ֳ͸ɫɢһɵܰ㡣
Ȼλòݣ
ȷһֲܹҩ۵Ĳϣ߱㽫
Ȼ˵ݵĹЧʿս֮ò󣬵ƭƭǵͽȺʮõġ
¶ҩ֮һ㲻ֻͨǼ֮й۵ϡ
ƻϵҪϡ
ʯƽԷĲϡ
룬߷ֵĲҩԽԽ̶࣬ҲԽԽҲֻҪԼоõģֱ
ЩǵͼҩݲϣҪʲô󴢲أҪȻܹҲ޷ռ
һξ룬߷ΧԽԽ࣬ȼʵҲʼǿ
ˮܣ
ʱ߿һֻ޴ޱȵĸһһĲؽһԲ׵̶ˮ֮С
䣡
߻ûعͿ׵̶ˮ֮кȻһɺɫһ޴ĺɫͷ­̶ˮ̽ɫͷ­Ƭ쳣ΪͻǣͷϣһֻĶǡǹ̽ͷһ̶˻һûˮУˮ
ǣһƳ֮䣬߷ոˮ̶еıˮ˶ͷ­ҧ
ļޣǳˮ


38 
ͷ­Եļǣߵһʱϳˣˮ̶еĹһּޣǳˮ
ļǳˮ
Ѿȫǿߣ
뵽߲ɵĺ˼ԼֻŲɼҩĿʯˣȻ֪Ѿ뵽޵ĵ̣һʮΣյ顣
ߣ
ߵϣֱӺˣͬʱкǸԼһˡ
ʱҲƺо˿ֲǳˮϢĶܣ˫ۿʼѪɫĹâߵк¿ʼСɽΧȥ
˻˻
֮еߣоΧʼӵ֪࿿
ɽ෱࣬ʱֵ߳廨ţǧٹ֣нŵߣķߣͷ϶һֵƬķߵȵȡ
Щ඼ǶߣҾ綾ޱȣʿһ⵽Ϯ徭
ҸΣյǣɽ֮е඼߹ԣκһ̤ĵ̶ܵҵĹ
ɽȶ߳Ⱥߴ˽ˣǱضߵĳޣһ˫˫˸۱ε
ž
̧һնһ׶೤ͼɹķߣȻһȥֱӽһ֪Ķ߲
ŶԵͽ޵Щ̻ΧĶߣֻǾĶûз
ôôĶߣΨߣ
һߺһϸĹ۲죬߾ȻΧڶ֮ûпһߣⲻɵЩ
ǰĹУһ·ɽȣ;ҲûзֺߣһֱΪ߻ɽȸĵ򣬵ֱǳˮ֪Ѿ޺ܹȻĵˡ
ǳˮޣĵӦþһ׵İ̶ܰΧһƬ˹ĵ̣ѾֺˣοǳˮΧض޴ڡ
ȫ˳޵Ļ֮߱㲻ٺˣʼɽߵĴ֮Ѱ
ʦı겢ߣɴ˿жھɽ֮ӦڱȽϳһ࣬ûзֺߵټȻ߻һЩԼ֪
Ѱڼ䣬ÿÿмֵҩݺͿʯռʦûɣҲûаһˡ
һתƣǴʱ䡣
֪֮ɫѾʱ֣Щǣһ߶ûп
ѵ˵ǷǼٵģɽ֮иûкߣ
һֱҲߵټ߿ʼǷϵʵˡ
Ƭ֮ͷֿܣṩð鱨ڷһôûУҲӰΪؼһǣᵢҪЩ¼Ľȡ
ṩһݼð鱨ĵӸҲҪĶҲ޷ɵҩƣԼԼڿӣ
һˡ
ͳһЩһͿʼѰ
ɽ쳣Ĵɽкüһʱ̵Ĺ޷Ѱһߣ¾ΧϰĵƾҪóʱĹ
ģɫɽĹȻɫûвڣɽ֮Ѿģãˡ
СĽĴſ𲽵оĺһûг֣һԭ
а˼ʱתһɽ壬Ȼֵ
ΪԼˣǵϸȥʱ򣬺ȻȻǸ߿ȴƳһ˵ħ
ಣ
Ĺһ׳Ĵߴ߲ԶĲݴзȥٵĳһܹ
ߣ
Ȼ߷ɿ죬ȴһ˲֮俴Ǵ߱һĿĵĺߡ
Ǻߣ
̧ͷһлȻǺ߱ȥķķ
Ȼߴʱȫˣɽ֮еĺȫص˹ȥֲɽ֮ѰһȴҲûмһ
ۿǰȴֱĿȥȻݣСĸ˹ȥ
ɽҰǱУɱֵı޿ΣɱǷ켫ȻǱص覡
Ƭ֮Ѿѭһλá
ïֲ֮ܵ̽ͷʱ㿴һĻ档
ǰԼ׵λãһͻľңʱھ֮ϾȻһڵ٣
պߵǳ
ٿǵ֮ˣȴһȣΪǾ֮һɺƣֻ֮һ˫ϸѩ׵ֱۣһĺɫ淭ɵ࣬һָһ鶯ɣۻ֮̾Ϊֹ
գҪԶ֮ϣ
Ҳ֣һ۾ܿںɫ֮е˵ַףױȡ
أ뵽ʲôɵûһ䣬ǱʶٵʮֵΣա
Ⲣκʽĸ֪ɱֱֵ
ĽҰ⣬ɽأػ֮еĸˣ
Ҳܽ˼ϵһ
˵ƺ߱رħھҵ·ɰǧĺ߷ӵһ޾Ŀȡ
ۿ·ĺԽԽ࣬Ҳøӿңƺʱﵽ۷߳
ں˵һʢ磡
Щ߲ҪķӵͿԿĳ
ʮӣ̶ʮӣ߾·ۼ˺üǧĺߣ⵱иΪڶ۷ߣʱпܺ߻ɱ޽ߣ
ˣ
ƺﵽ۷壬ӿȵĲ߷ΧھΧͷ­ޱȷĲš
࣡
һ죬ƺʲôѣ߱㿴Ⱥ֮еһȻѪҺѪȻһѪ߷˳ȥ
ӶѪ˲ɡ
ٿЩѪߣȻǳǾϵ˷ȥ뵽ĺɫ档
һܵѪ˲ų⣬Ѫ֮гѪ֮
ߵѸըѪڣڿ۳һˮͰѪ֡
߾ȵĿУźƺȻһ̧ϸļ
ߴʱѾס˺ߵĿᵽ˿֮ŨѪȣ궯ţߵǿѹƣһͻɵĳȥѪ⡣
ֻƬ̵ĹǧĺȫըΪûѪĸʬ
߾ĳ棬Ҳδľһʱ֮侹Ȼޱȡ
ʱĺƺȻ͵һһĻ䣬ѸС
ɫѸٵӴѪ¶˲ںƺˣ
Ȼ߿ǲںƺʱҲ޷򾲣Ȼʱ˿̵ҲƵķһ


39 ᳪ
һ˲֮Ѫɸʬ֮صĸ˵ĺҲѸٵ۳һɫʯһ貵Ļ䣡
仨޷г֣ȴ˿Ӱ컨Ĺã
ȻƵ棬棬ȴһ
һˣʺѪĳʺѪ۾ĽëȥȴɷֽһĹݣСɣ촽һ㣬ԲԲϸ次
׿ƿֲ㤵Ԫز̸ⴿһŻˮݡ
Ȼʱ߿ģһŻˮһݣȫ
һŮݣǴӲ£ȻʺĹ
ȫûѪĹʺĹ͸¶ޱߵޣſֲķâ
ƻʱֵĸˣ˫֣ȫ¾ȻûаѪ⣡
⣬Բ࣡
ڿһĻһ˲䣬ߵԺмʶķɳһ뷨
߳ԵӾЧʶһ
Ȼ֪ʱβܷһ˿һģһжˡ
˲䣬ǾϷƺܵĪľһȻһȻ󷢳һ̶ļХȻɢҫۺâһѪ뵽Ѫ֮У˲ĺɫΪһ塣

ֻÿΪ֮һ
㿴ǺɫٵһתٴڣȻѸɢ
ɢ֮Ǹˮٶȳ֣һֵ̳ģǺѪĺɫǼܣһĺ覴õŮ
ȥ۵ļҪγˮļô롣
͹µɢޱߵʡ
ǰĲͬǣǺ컨ѾӡŮĶͷüģһɰ룬Ĺâ
췢£ͻأֵħһŮһվھϣɫӳӯŸӵɫŲݴжݾȵߡ
ʱҪߣǸһʱѡ뿪Ϊȷľ
ǣԼȻЩ޷ƶ
ʲô
Ůʲô
벻һԿ϶Բ࣡
ʱħһŮȻڣӲ˵һ仰
㣿ࣿ
ȻƺЩĪĿ˿Լ˫֮еĸתΪޱߵã
һ򵭶ߣʱȴð˲ٵ뷨
ȡЩߵڵܹʰʮ֮һҲ´ˡ
뿪ΪŮȻȥЩ£ǻɢǹħħĹʮֵľ衣
һֳ嶯Ҫȥһʲô
֮ͻأĳֲֵŮһա
һŮһֱߣӣ֪Щʲô
һȻûκζߵѾȶڴӲݴгվ˳̽Եʣ
ãȻ̧ͷң
Աżޱȵ飬ƺ˵ʮֵļѣ˳˼
߿һ˼ӵʹ࣬ϵã֮ɫԽԽŨ
̧֮ͷŲԶСڵߣҲ֪Ҵ֪𣿡
Ŷ𣿡
߿ʼˣѴ֮ľܹõڵƤѵ㹦Ҳʲô
֣
Ȼֿʼ˼
椲ħòƺܺƭӣڷȡߵͬʱоͿʼǽڵˡ
ֻڵڵȻֻһ֮ȴ࣬ڵļֵɱߵļֵ߳
ܹŮɱһͷһ׮׬
Ҳ뵽ˣ˼ұϾŮӣȻ˵ٱϿȥŮӣԼƭ˼ȥޣʵЩ
һ߾Ѿȡ˶ٶöߵѾ㹻ˡ
ҵ֣
Ҳǵˡ

ãɶҲǵˣ߱Ҳûʳʲô
ߵռ׼ˡ
ҹģ߿ɲʲô⡣
Ȼ˵ħħŮƯĹǿǶһѪûء
һȻôˣߴʹ뿪ɽȡ
˭룬뿪ʱǾϵŮҲˣǸߣֻ·ķʽʮֹ죬˫ŸմأһƮߵ
Ůж˿ûϢ߸տʼûзֱָ֣ߵĿǲסĵ˻ƺھʲôתͷ
һתʱһ
ôң
ε˵
ھɽȣҪԼ뿪ɽȻصţѲɺ滹һ֪ʲôϡ
㣿
Ůƺôף˼һ֮󣬷·Ƶá
֣㻹ûиҡ
Ů˵Ľ࿪ʼЩ˳ˣӦ֮߶Ϊ𾪡
տʼ˵һ仰ʱ׼ҧʮֲ壬ṦѾûˡ
ʱԵЩˣ֪˵Щʲô
֣Լô֪
Ȼ޷ġ
ǣ߲ش𣬲˵ֱǰߡ
Ůôں棬һ˦β͡
߳һξ룬ˣɴҲˣֱһȫĵط
ŮҲ͸ԶλҲͣôڵϣ˫Ųմ档
ΪʲôҪߣ
ĬһŮȻʡ
߳ױˣ˵Լߣѵסɽﲻɣ
ȻһƼ򵥵⣬ֽһŮ˵ޱȣȫͲġ
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»ûŴĹôһ
߸ɴ಻⵵¶ֱӴӽָͳһЩԹԵĳ
ƺҲϰôһʼз۾ߵߣǴ
ᳪ𣿡
ʲô
⻰ǳԾСûͷҪһ
Ѳ椻裿
衣
ظһ顣
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Ҫ
ĪĺȻ£ָоɱ˵ǰΣƺģħڳ衣
š
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ã
ˬһ֣ʳȥɤӡ
ߴʱˣԼӵĹǲզأԼĲᳪ裬ʶɵǼ˲٣ҵǾʡʡɣѹûҵ
ͷҰߣ
һɤӣȻ⡣էһ֮£ԼһҪµĳ嶯
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߷ԼĶ־ˣôһֽӣĿǰڲ
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ʱ˵һ仰ǣɻ
Ķʲô¶Լôͻɳôûߵأ
ǾʱȻһö


40 
壬깴ǡ
ȴǵǣֻʯβݣܰ㡭
Ů촽΢һȻֹɫĺ
ˡ
Ȼ˵
ߡ
ʲôˣҲʮֺ棬Լⲻĸ边Ȼܹļ䣬˵رĺ壿
ҵ֣ҽ顣
Ů˵ֵʱȻɫȻãԿ϶ǣӦò
㻹뵽ʲô
ѵ˵ܹļ䣿һ飬æʡ
ҲˣħħŮ˼ƺû֣֮ĴѾ飬вôħҲ֮һ󹦵ˡ
ƺٴ˳˼֮С
ãεҡҡͷʲôҲ벻ˡ
Ҳûʣ¿Ҳ벻ʲôˡ
߳˲֪ãʱҲ۵ĲᣬɤӸɰͰ͵ģͳˮ͹˼ڣȻͰĿϢ
صŮҲͬƯڵϡ
ƺԳҰ֮еκζʮֵĸȤʱʱţ۾֮и¶ͬɫоȣϲãзŭ˼ǳ
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Ŷ𣿡
һ⻰߶ʱɵˡ
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˫Ϊһֽݾ׶࣬һ²ʿá
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һļ䵹˷ḻҲòһˡ
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־һͨջǴŹΣ뿪˾ɽȣ̤˷رڵ·;
ںڵռ˳һ˻ȥɴҶҲ߶ˣֱͽǰ;ҲһɽҰ֮ŨŨ⡣
һߣǺü졣
һ·鵹ҲʮֵĹɣߵĻ˵һһʱʱһЩʲô˵һЩߴûʿ˵йħĴ档
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Ѿȫȷˣһ֪˯˶˯֮ǰǿޱȣڳ˯֮У޾µűʣ޼ԭļҲȫʧȥ䡣
ڻԵɺ֮ѵʵС¶֪һȥûγɶ˼ά
ںദ⼸֮УԻָ˲٣Ȼ˵ԭļ䲻ָܻѾԼ˼άʶƾ豾ȥʲô顣
Уȴ˽⵽һȴʮãʵǾԴͨһ㽲ʳ
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ѪһʱòѪĲ䣬ͻһֱɢ
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ʱɽ·ˣ߾ֱԭ̬֣һ·
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һ㶣ʱСԺôӵ¶ʱŵһߡ
̧ͷһÿİĹ콣һӵֱ
Щɫڵλãǰ·ӣ


41 ױ
ʱʱ֣ԭ͵ȴѾĿȫǣԭʻ浴Ȼ޴棬ۿֻйŰɷ죡
̳֮мǧŭ밧źĹӰڽֵ䴩ߣżдһ˿Ѫ񶼻ԥĳȥ˺ҧѪ⣬ꡣ
ǺһĴڣһ֮ʵСĴ겻ֻأ¶ɢȻһЩǳзǹ顣
ĴҲͬĵԣش֮ãпǵĿܣɽޣϷľɳһһ˿磬һǾ顣
൱ʿ쾳֮еͨһĴڣԭǻ˵ﵽͨٶȳ޳ɹİٱǧ
ʱֵеЩ飬ħʿΪ֮ùַЩԭӦó˽֮еĹǿоԹۡ
ֶ൱̣ӵطһ㶼ħʿħ֡
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˭ôȻȫ˵󣡡
һҲһѹǾɵ㶵ǵĳȥĽɫԽãԽ֮еǿֲκ鶼Ҫȥ˼
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߿ʥģÿζɱ֮ĳһϰ죬Ȼ˵ȷеȴһʮֵ档
ˣǰһӣҲûпʲôʹҮգʲô콫ʲôġ
ﲻͬˣ˲ſȥʿеܹнǿ

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ӯ֮󲻵ֻأΨһɱǾǰ
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Ѿ֪еĹ鶼ҽӽԼʮ֮ڣҪͷȥƺҪǿ飬ǲܹʮ֮ޡ
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Ȼһϸ΢ı仯ԭѾ鶸Ȼ֮ƺõһ޷ֻܵͫ˲ɺ죬ǣѸͻʮ֮ޣ˹


42 Χ
֪ױȻĻʹߣ˲ҲΪλͻȻһǰ
ԼпƹĶһĹ鲻ҿǰͷǿȻ¶˾⵫ȴûкˣôֻһֿܡ
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Ҫ֪СĹ黹ǿһЩ飬ǶûȫȻ¶״̬Ǵ¶״̬ҲÿƵĽ׶Ρ
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ߴʱҲôˣۿȻĳ˹̻
ȭֱ뽣֮Уһӳں֮еϣȻʯһ졣
ָĹƴ󲿷־ͱ⣬µҲѾ࣬ɶ

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뵽Ҳɣֱ׷ϡ
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ӹڼˣǸɫıӰԼҹҰ𰣬ٰ𰣡
飬Ȼȥ
黯ɱ壬˽ָ档


43 
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УᶼҪ
ңûУҺĻȺģһεĴ¸һҾܹģ㶼֪
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㣡㣡
̲ס䣬һֱΪܵλȵĹƻ󣬲Żû뵽ʱ¾Ȼ˵ʹĻ

˲˶˵Ҳ϶
Ҫ˵ˣ
¶õ޶ԣȫѻ˵ȥ
ҵĺã㲻ȥλȣҲԣѴܵңҾͷߣ
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⻰жʱһ𣬹ֲһֱҪԭȻǣܣ
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ߴʱȻ𾪣ȴֹˮһ㶼ûбֳ
㣬Ҳύģ
Ĩȥϵ飬ʮּᶨ

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Ҿû취ˣֻиһȥλһˡ
µһ仰ƺվŮʿ̰γӲͬĽǶȳ𰡣һͬһͷǴ̤ĳ߹
أ޾
ʱû˵ˡ
Ȼ˵ʿҪ壬Ҳ൱һר޾ԾΪΪʿһ̤죬ǿΧҲҪͨʿ࣬๦ͨž޴ơ
ĻֱӸǰ˵ǿһȫδ֪ĶʱǺҪϢ
׷֪ģѸжϣö̽Ų̫Ųһ̳ӭⳤϡ
ȭ弤޲׳֮磬ͿߵĴȥȭͷһͷȻ֡
һȭ壬֮ŭҲǳ׼ԷҪ
Ȼ꿴һ澹ȻȷˣǲȡһǰĹƣɵɫһ壬ʶľҪ㡣
ȻҲһζĶͿڽºȻһɺڷ磬ٶȱʮֿ죬ͬʱһƮߡ
ͬʱΪģһȦȦɢ
̲߶ʱеԼƤЩһ˲֮еĶȻóٻ


44 ѪӰ
һνľ񹥻
ʿľ񹥻νʮֵ΢ɣǿһݳܹɲС˺
һ̣Ҳ֪һݵҩݴķĩۣͨĿƽ棬Ϊһֶֹʩչ
һ߾̿ʼܣܵһӰ죬ٶȱһġ
ȭľ޴ͷûץ꣬һȭһ̳׻·Ʈĵǡ
㿪ȭ꿴һȭԭ۵ۻɢɵǸֳЦ
Ųͣ˫ǰһ㺮ַɳ
ͣ
һȭɢۣûȡõЧ۵õķӣʱܵӰּӼ֡
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Ѫ˿ڿʼ¡
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һĻĻԭȥǣĶһ̶ߵԺи˳
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ѪӰ
ʱԶϳߴʱ̤ĲһѪ֮ʩչĶŲ
ȻۿŶϷ类ɱۿ߳Ҫ̵һ̧һַɳȻֱߵĽ档
ʿ˵սȫ壬һ̤죬Ǿͻһ죬ȭȭĴΪԪĶײ
ʱʿԪֹߺ̳һǸ練Ƶ飬ԶԶԪ߶ͨĵز
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ʿһȣԪӿһֵĹӷ㸡˳
ֵĹ߳ǰ˼ҷֿ״һ֮µͨļʸЩơ


45 ڽ߹
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Ϸλ츳ڵĵ֮һһθȻʲôʧ
ʿѹһķڽ߹ȡص׾֮ҽ߻еһаűȻǵ̺Ļȴޱȡ
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һ۵糸ĳߣǲûѡֱӹߣȥҧߴӰ
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߲˼ģѪӰת£ڷҵ߰Χ֮


46 Ѫն
ճ˵ʱҲ޷սʤεĪģȻߵֵȴûк֣
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ǰִһִڴˣǹ۹ͨµһսȻ֪ĻֲݣȴȻû˿
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һսעһ棡
ǿߵĹǰûеµߣֻǴĿʼ


47 նɱĪ
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˫ƵԪϵ뵽ӡ֮УֻǼĪĶͷѾ˾޴ĺ顣
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һĻԶĪʱ󾪣˫ֺĵĽһ˿Ԫͳȥͼ߹ڳĴٴ뽣ĹΧ
ǣһжˡ
߽ѪӰ̤廯ѪӰѸǰֳ̧һй
ʧȥԪ߹Ʒ罣ķһ֮º׵ĻΪΣ׵ĪĿƣĵ䵽˵ϡ
߹Ʒ۵ȼͱе罣һΣûԪ֧ţֻǱȷ˼ͼԣҪֿƷһնǲܵġ
һնĪ̵֪ʱѾȫ˾ơ
ȻǺأƺѾߵסˣʱΧһȻûİŮʿֱһ
ߣĪȻնɫȴȻ򾲣վĶϷ磬ɫȴѾЩˡ
Сӣò˵츳
Ī仯һߣȻڿ佱·һսһ
ɱ̫࣬Ҳûծˡ
˦˦еĳȻ󽣼һ㣬׼Ī
Ī۹󣬵Ϧ֮ǧ飬ν˫մѪ๼ȻƲʲôдģҲȥ
ĪѰƲɷİȻŹ
ҵλȣֱ
ĪûпڣվЩӵĶϷѾʼˡ
ߵǿҲһֻۣ޵ĿǰĪҲ֪ʲôλȣֻ֪ȵҵģôȻҪ
ˢ߳ǰƶ磬ֱӱƽĪʺ
һʮֵĿ죬ƺڽĪʺʱҲ˿ûͣ˼Ҫһ½Ī
᲻úģ
Ϸ翴˲Щ˵ţҲʱȥ
ɲĪģдǰڣķ⻹ڵ
Īһֱƽڵߵһ
浽ĪһֱߵֺȻ̧йâһһ׭
ɫĹâ˲һ磬׭Ѹٳ󣬽Ī
ݷ
ĶϷ翴һĻ޾˫ĶѾݷ˵Īſȴǲ֪˵ʲô
ӣĪȴĶһ˼ݷ
ˢ
ݷͬʱĪҲˣ˸һ̹⡣
̹һԲСܵӰ׼ȷĵסߵĽ⣬·ӰСܾһ᲻ɴݵϡ
ݷϵ׭ɫСľϵ׭ԲͬȻҲǲͬ
̷ס߿ܴ̳Ľ⣬һܹȫ֤ߴһ֮ǰ׶ߡ
ĪƲνžƵǰ¶ѾǺһпܣ˼ܡ
ҪһǣĪµˮ©µһϷ綼֪
Ϸ簡֪ϣأรɡ
ĪȲʤȯҲƺͻȻ֮ڿʮĶϷ磬ǺЦš
飡
Ī׭ͬʱѾˣĪҪÿյߣ
ԥĻһֱĽָе顣
ϽӦðгһĪһսͲ˵ļ
ûôû뵽ʹȻ
ΪѾγԼӦһеԸԼһ˶սҲûн黽
µͲͬˣѾûʩչѪն޷նĪķ׭ܣȫ޷ֹݷ뿪һĪɹѣȻǺ
ʱҲʮֵĹԣһߵٻһ˲˻Ѿɫâ˵Īǰ
ָܷܷһ̧һ㣬һѪɫ𵴿
ѪɫͺϢѶţȻû˿ĲǺڲأֲ
Ԫ
ͬʱĪ
֪ûе쾳磬˵ŻڽֵʺʱŴݲȵļ׭ߡΪ֪ٵ͵ȵķ׭ûԪҲ޷ֹġ
ϧĪǧҪһ֮ȥӰͬʱȴôҲû㵽ͻȻ֮ôһˣ赭дľһԪ
ࣣ
һ𣬾Ϳݷγɵ֮Ѹٵı߽⣬һʧ
ĪһĲҽУȻһԪ׶
ŵµĪҲһ𺳣֪ʵû뵽ǿ


48 һ
ĪһԶĶϷڱˣû
۽һƳȥ׷ȴǰֳŵĪʬһУѪĪʬз˳
ţָ죬ѪɵΪѪâĵֱٶںϣһǵշܵĶϷ硣
һĻ߾֪Ϸû·ˣɴ಻ĿĪѸٵɨһȦһСȡ֮תͷעŵԱϡ
ߵҲô⣬һȺ˲ÿҲ֪һʿĴڲŻ޼ɵĪͶϷȺֻʣһЩս˫Ѿ˸
οʱ߻ڣʵأأ߲֪֮ҪǸĪߵĶࡣ
ڿĪɱ֮ľͳ˹ȵףԲ񣬾һϷ硣
֪ٴȥҲûκεĽջսţվһߣʱûѡܣΪ֪ߵǸ͸¶ѪŮǶôĿֲ
Ҳ˶УӵĿ˿߹ߣȻһԵ´㣬ͷɣˣ
ЩƺȻǰ´˲۹ҪϾ·
ɫ԰ףղһս˾޴ʱսֹƣ֮ӿϮĻʱȴȻᶨ
ͷǺǣ
һЦ̶֮䷢ĳЦ·ʲô˼顣
ܻͷô
Ц󣬺Ȼա
ɵãˣҼȻ·ܻͷ
㡭
˲˵ʱ۽ܻ߮͵͵ȥվߵһһ
֪ŮǴģһȷǣһʮֲֿŮˡ
ֲŮ˳֣ɱ¡
ȴһֱܰżῴߵ֮⣬ԹԵתĵһѪ򣬶ִ˲ƣ
ߣҲżȥЩʲôϾºϵ⣬µĻɲϣֻǵȸỹ֮󣬾뿪رڡ
ʱ߾һԹߵݡ
𰿴ζȰ˵£ӿϣ֪֮ӯĿ£һʱ֮侹Ȼ֪˵ʲô
⽩ߣĪͶϷ綼Ѿˣ۹ĿƳ˾޴ѺۣʱѾתɢ״̬еԹɱʼɢȥʼָյĳ
ֻһصʬҲ޷ˡ
㣬㣬߰ɡ
ƺ˾޴ľ˼ãڼѵ˵˼֡
ߣҲΨһܹġ
ɱ£
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Цָ̧𰣬ȻǺǰǰųСʧ
˵ţȻˣߣǻӶ𰷢˹
ޱȡ
׷ŮʿȺһ£ǲû϶٣Ҳȥ
㣬Ϊʲô⵽Ϊʲô
滮𰼸Ǳܵģӳ˫еֵ
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ĵ㣡ôСʱ򶼲磡
ȻϺȣֶϽ˺һ£ֱһɭɭ˿ڡ
Сʱ𣿡
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ģ˲˿ڡ
СʱļǵãСʱԼͽһö˶ޱȵ棬ʳܹӮ˽㡣
ÿһӮ˽֮ȴ˿ÿÿ֮дм
ʱͻȻСʱȻ֣һӣԼڽָ£һĽ͵
뵽жʱһʹ
˷ǣԵȻǽ㣬еĽȴѾˣʶ
ѵ˵Լһ󲡣˼֮Ѿȫͽ˾룿ԼʵСýʹ
벻ͨҲ벻ףǴʱǧ뷨ºѾ޿ɸıʵ
۴ʱжʹµĵƺһ䡣
ˢˢˢ
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ٲ֣ˣ
˵ţûͣһ˲Ĺٶȶ˿ڡЩ˿ȻǿȥȴѪ죬Ŀġ
㣡
ڣŽһѾˮģ˵˫֮ڷâչ¶˫趯ɡ
Զε̾˿
Ҫһȷĺѡ
У۳ʲôԭնһҵĽ֡
ߵֹǵ˫֮˸޾֮󣬻ûг嶯ĽСΪˣֹܹһΣһ´ĳ֣Ҳǵɡ
⽣ӰһŮУˣ˭Ҳ˵
һεսĲãһƺο̾ϢľһƺҪ˾š
ŵ棬ʺ磬ĶȴѾĴµš
߿ףֻǵĴսʱľ£𰡣
ֻŮͬʱ̳ʱ̣ͻȻֹͣеĶ
ʱߺȻ֮ޱȵ£Ϊ˳ȫʲôһǣע
ѵֻЩųС

еȻ䣬׷ŮʿҲ׷׾ĨԼʺ
ߺȻо۽Щʪʮֵܡ
ָо˲ܣںһ㣬ȴ˲Ĳ
Ѫ¶飬Ǵʱ˿̣ȴĲˡ
Ƕ£ɾͷŮʿ
ʱѾŽȥ屧ڻסĿš
Ѥˡ
ɫҰףѪɫ˫𰣬һ̣¶ֻ۰
á󡭡ˡ
ѵ³⼸֣·Ѿþе
µĻֻǲסĵͷٵͷ
Ȼµһ¶ļ˲һ˫ֵϣ֮Ѿīһ㡣
ã
һԺ˲һµѶϢ

ʱȥѾ߻ǵһʱɳͬʱ˳
ڴͬʱֵȻѵ³֣죡ߣ

һŨѪըǱһѪӲᵽ˿У
ؼʱ̣ˡ


49 ̵߻
ڿµѸٱīʱ߲ıһ֡
ħ䣡
ħһа䷨һֱֲַ˵һܻٻ߲ʶô̻֮ƻΪ£Ȼ˲ڻңʬ޴档
νңȴǺħĿ֮
ħΪµһֲ֮֮˿κβȫһϢһ䷨ΪԶ֮˵ǿҲ޷κζߡ
ݴħǧǰϹẈ̂ħ֮еĴʦоģʱ䷨ֻ֣֮еĴʦͳͳ۷ʴ˺֮Ϣĺڰħ˺ħ֡
֮䷢֮ʱ£մȾ͵Ǽӵı˺ħ䣬Ȼûֱֲ䷨˺ҲǷͬһ㡣
ڿʬ廯Ϊ֮ʱŻ̳֡
߸еȵǣľٶȻһ㶼ûԥֱӶԪ˹
ʬ޴档
˵Ǿ޴ģĿźܴλã⼸һֱħλħʿΪ飬Ҳûк޹
ʱһĻһʹϮȫ
ֻվŵĵطһ˿
̣ộ
߾Ŀ𰣬֪ʱʱõİοû˵
ߵȴǺȻ
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Ȼܹϳħ䣬ȻҲܡ
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˽̷ħʥսֱӴصĺ֮һʿŷɥ̺ʿߡ
һμ߸ʿؿƵľʥսĸԤ³˳⣬̽ͼ죬ֱӱɱ󰵵̵ֻĸ
صʿǰķˣڣ߽⣬ɢ
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ҵǼǵʥս֮һ߻
Ŀ˸ƺڽʲô
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֣ˣ
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ʥսһսʿȻ˵ǴݿһĴݻ겻̣Ҫ̵ĵȫɱȻǲܵġ
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ħ֣ʲôʩչħ䱳أȻܹʩչħ䣬п̵ܾĵӣ
̾Ǻ£¾̣֮伸ԻȺš
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һĲ²⣬ЩĪ²֮͸оԼЩˣԼЩʲôãǿǾľްԴڣԼ֪Щأ
ԳЦЦ߱㽫ЩӵһߣʱҲ벻ʲôˣתͷһԵ𰡣
һΰ֮ȻѾָ˲٣Ȼ˵˫֮ȻŲزסİˣȴҲڿƵķΧ֮ڣжĲ
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תԺл·ȥϸҡ
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һҲһֱΪЩΣʱԼ˵Ҳô⡣
ϸ׸һĴڣͬ۷ǵִͳϽϸͽ׸һ߸߸໥ƺ֮µҲǱ֤ݵȶ
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õģлȥһϸݷá
˵꣬߱ˡ
۹Ѿɢȥ߳ҲûϰһṦ߾߳ҵ˿ǡ
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⻰пһ£һʵ뵽ˣֻһֱûкõĽ취ҲûʣһⴳױУȺ󼸴γ֣ԪȻľ޴󣬴ʱ֧ŲסҲ֮С
ɱȡѪȻ򲻳ɡ
ôʣµΨһһ·ɱޣ⸽ɾ߸ոȥľɽȡ
˵ãһزȥˣֻٶȷؾɽȡ
ٻǸɽȥɱһЩ޲һ¡
ܣ˼ߵҲԸôһܹڹؼʱ򱬷ǿսĴڸԼٿΪһɱﵡ
ͷһ˫ѪɫߵͣƬ̣Ʈ
Ҳʱ䣬ֱӼҶҡҡλεķɽȡ
еٶȫԸߵҶǸɴƮҶ棬˷Ԫ
ôţҲ֪˶ãȻɻʣԱҲǺͶһ𣿡
һ򣬲ûҶȥ
ã
߷Լıˣĵ˵ɲʲôĺã˵ĺһǻݻһ߾ƭСŮ
ôܽͣôܽأ
ȣǵģֻǶһ˺á
תһ룬̾Ĳ˵ˡ


50 ĺ
߿˯֮ǰһôǿĴڣֻһֽͬһŮȻ˵ֵķȻЩǣǿ߲ûжӡ
Ͼܹ߿ƼĽ˼άȻţĿҲ
ʲôһʲô֮Ҳᣬ׿һγʱһɭɭᱬѪ֮⣬ʱ۴ĸȥͶһε۵Ůһ߾ΥĶѪЩӰȴҲǲòϡ
崿ϣһĿѧۻ޷͵ĶĻǾѾͷһ㶼ѧ
ڶ컻ˣѧѧѧѾˡ
Դһ֮Ҳû˵ǹ˲þͲ֪Լ˹ģ
ʱķɿ죬ʱ߱ٶ˾ɽȵڴ
ɽȻ뿪ʱûж𣬻ɵģ͸¶ζ
һοǱŵ˹ȿڣȻƮߵֻȻǱŹٵ̬ߵҲ⣬̧ɽȡ
ڿ֦Ҷ棬һϤ࣬ɽ֮еĹֲҲ൱ֵ˽⣬ʲôľŲޣʲôλܹɵıܿûҪ˷ʱĶ涾ݡ
һ߱㷢˲ٺΧߡ
һûпߣΪȫȥѪһξͲͬˡ
ǺߣҲֱӻӳ罣һһն
ƯĬĬЩնɱѪҺǽߵȡߡ
ȻնɱˣȻҪãǸҪô࣬˵ûбҪʱҲܻԪ
ȻһߵɱѾںˣϾǰһνɱɽ֮еĺѾࡣ
һ·߹ǺεޣһҲŹ
һ·ɱ֪յĹ͹ȥˣɫٴα䰵ʱڴӹ̬ٴλģ
һնɱʵ߼ꤣۿɫѾˣڸһ൱λüһ𣬾ЯҾƳԸ
Ʈ߶棬Ҳģ
Ⱦƣ
鿴һͻȻ˵
š
ߺĻشš
㲻ʮ꣬Ⱦƶ岻á
˵
ۣ
߶ʱһھƻŽһĸȫ˳
ĵѾͷô˼άԾ˾ңʮ궼ܿ
ȻȽϴ󣬵ҲǼʮ䣬ȷǲʮ꣬˼άʮƺһܴķֽߣһߵûжɣׯӵܣʮʱͻٰ
ǣؼô֪Щһӵǧ䣬ӵгʵǿߣôעЩëƤС飿
ƽһ飬ǵû׷ʣǼԶ
Һޡ
ţʲô
ߺȻЩˣ˫ۺɫ˸⡣
Һĳ񡣡

޻˵һε޷˵ĺޣһ⡣
һ㣬ȴһǡ
ĸּ䶼ʼ𽥵Ļָ⵱аҲкޡ
ҶʳǾ仰ʱߴ֮׽ģʱ׿˵еĺ⣬вòǡ
ѣûмκ֮ǰܹص˲ɳǧߵѪô˭ܱ֤û˯֮ǰûгȡѪҺ
ʮΣյģֻǴʱ߲ԸȥǷ롣
뵽ˣ߶ʱԼش
Ѿƺ£˵ֻһʽ޹صģϷˣһǺˣĵĶãҪĻһأǻˣǲ뿴ƽƽŵˣԵ޹ʾ͸ʹˣǼ˾ͲҪԶ㡣
ǰǸŮǲǻˣ
һ㶣ûɣ˵ıضɡ
һУȫΪܹõĻȥΪϸˣСųȷ޷㣬ڵ֪ϸ֮Ժ߸һġ
ȻܸӣĿǰ״Ǹ޷ġ
ǣֻһҧ˵һǡ
ԣҪޣҲֻǺ޻ˡ
߽ĵȷͨ׶ϾֻҪǺɵմˣ֣ǿ϶ҧгݵġ
˵Ǹ˲޻ˣȻûС
ǣΪԼĽܹⴿصǵķ֮ڡ
Ӧú޵
Ȼҧ˵һ䡣

ߺȻľ˭ԽԽˣɴ첻ʣץƺ͸
ҹ
֮ߺǰǿϡ
ʱվھϣɫƯǰ˫ʮָңһ㿪ʼɽȵÿһ
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ѪΨĹϣ߶ĸеȣ侹Ȼ˵ʤ
һգСС޷׷׾ۼ˾·˫ḧңһսɲǣӰٿ֮շʼ޼ɵȡŷѪ
۵Ѫţ׷˱壬׾ٵš
һΧƽǧֻɫɫޱѪʱΧȥȫ޵ʬ塣
Щ޵ѪҺ֮鿴ȥø鶯ˣϵǼѪɫȹҲɢѪâ
߰ĵ˵ͷ˵ĵһ㲻٣ܹάεĶֻѪ
ʱæռѪߵ⣬ԹԵһ¾ͳƺһûһڵĺҹžơ
һһǰ̵ľ£˾ҵΧӽ굽ٵ󱻳龡Ѫֱ
ϸĵ߷֣ȡ˵޵Ѫ֮㲻ٽռѪҺ壬һĴָСĺɫ衣
һ֮ˣǰռѪҺպ˹ؼʱ̿˲䲹ĵԪ⼸ھĵҩˡ
һ㣬Ҳɵһ꣬ⶼʲôַõ¯ģҲ̫˼ˡ
飬ƺѾ˾ռһ㣬ĲѪҺۣɾͼޣһֱһҹ
һҹ˽ƺľƺ˸ɾ֮⵹ɶûɣеЩš
ֿʼһֵޣ߾һνͣҲǷصʱˡ
죬֮µľɽ֮з޶׷׵ľ£˹
ûע⣬ϸһͷһεЩͬӸ߿ԶǵҲѰĴ


51 ջ
Ҳͬ飬һ֮󣬾ʹ뿪ɽˡ
ø߿ң㹻֤
Ҳһļָĺܿ죬ָԽ࣬ԽԸͣھɽ˼ĵط
ûлָǰȻȴǺܴģ֪߲ɱѪʶĽʱռѪ
Ҳ˯֮ǰ߸ϣԱ΢ϧʱȴȻͬˡ
뻵ˣУǸˣĻˣѾˡ
еϢùΧַ˲гĲƺһĪĿ硣
߾ȵ̧ͷ㿴һ޴ͷ­Ӳݴ֮˳
˸â˫ͫɿֲͷ­߸߰Ƭ塣

˲ȻĽ˹
ͷͨĺҪʮֹƬȥҲӵļӲжٶʮ֮죬ͷ¶ͷֱ߮·ֻǼĹ
ȥһ飬ͿԶ֮ٴ¶һŸӾ޴ͷ­

ô˴Ȼˮеǳˮ˹
ͷ­ǣ˫ɺ죬ðͷھɽǳˮȻ֪ǲͬһͷѾҪҪˡ
ͽȣͬεޣǳˮȽҪֲܼһ㣬ǳˮͷǣѾ˻Եƣһͻƾ磬ٶȽΪӿֲĴڣĿ
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ýֿ޵ķʵ̬ͨԼֲᣬһ϶ܣ׷

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罣ʼĹ
ȫǱֻϧûôĿռ佫ͷ޵ʬߣֻѡԵĽȡеһСִߡ
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ڵĶǳˮĶǡ
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߰ɡ
ߴһӣɽȥ
Ȼһӣջ


52 𴺳ɵ
ھɽ⣬ǰĵȫûܵ˼
Ҷʼرڡ
һӦòٵ˰ɣţҶɿӹɽͣű̿ճǵķ򷵻ء
ʱɫѾˣɽеʪϢӵûüɢеµģԵȣȴǸо
Ȼעⲻȥע·ʱ߻̲סǱ߿˼ۡ
оĳ棬ߴΪȵǵԭʬȫˣøɾ࣬Ѫ۶ļֱ治
˵ⲻһһҹĹжȻʲôˡ
һ߲ûгȥϾһȥΪɽͼĲĪɥðˡ
ָҶռȶ·߷ɻء
ûз𣿡
ƹ򲻾ãȻ˵
ʲô
ǸӻЩŹ֡
˵ĺȻߴûɹĴܸоȻܣȻҲܿĳ
ҡҡͷ
ЩΣڲóȻȥˣǻȥɡ
õġ
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ȥ·;˳ڵʱѾԽȺɽԶԶĿ˱̿ճǵλá
飬ȱ᱾ɣ˿ܻ鷳
ҲЩģϾвôһѪɫòŮӷŵﶼʮֵۣúõĲһ鷳ࡣ
ۿҪ̿ճǰĴ㳡ϣߴ߶Ҷ档
Լʵ΢ûŵֱӼԦҶɻԺѡ͵߻ȥǶûֻǰߡ
߳û߾ͺȻ쵽Ŀע
̧ͷܿҵĿԴȻǸ𴺳ɣ
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𴺳ƺרԼܡ
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ߴΪ⣬ǴӦˡ
Ǹ𴺳ǰ·һǰһģȻһȽƫƧķ
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߳һξ룬ۿΧѾעӣ𴺳ת
ʦܣҪСһ㡣
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Ȼˣ𴺳ɵ˼ԣԷ绪Ϊʵڲôһ̤죬ȻϲڳԺߵ鷳ƾĸԣһǷǳпܵġ
뵽ߵǶԸ𴺳ɶøУһǵûΪԼһսȥһ۶ǺޣǹҪԷ绪ƣپĿǰһΪ˵ǿȦɵġ
ʦֶˣһԷ绪ѣ̤Σ
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¶ʱˣһﻹûûˣǲԼȥǾͲģ
бҪҲԺһ̹ĵĽѵˡ
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ǼȻģҸվ͵Ժúõĸ¸ѵ
Դ˿Ѫ֮󣬻Ѿ֮µһˣǿߣҲȫʵһսȻη塣
ʦܣԺĴʦϣʵͬСɣ˵Ѿͻ쾳磬ֻǿԷӡԼʵ֪Ҫڽʢϵõһʮķ
𣿡
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Ϊʲô
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Ϊķźء
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лʦֵĺѣһעģȻһٵԺұȻġ
ȻԸ𴺳ɵĺЩмܾø𴺳ȻԼͼڵʲô»ǲ޴֪
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˽⵽߽Ԫóÿ֮󣬾ͻȥˡ
һСɫȻΪǣе߼ɵǴʦϣŮκһͷ۵顣
صУҲٰһֱڽָ档
ļң
һܣ̱Թúᰡ

ȴû뵽ѾͷȻƷλĸ


53 ֪
ԺϢһҹ
һҹ޻鵹Ҳǳİûбֳκε״ڶϣ߱Թ֮ȥ׼
һεջõİæ֮νջ޴󣬾ϵĶѾ´ˡ
öܹȫµĺڵһѣֻǲ֪ǷǲǻҪ
ǴģͲסǵҪţû취ֻܽװָ棬򵥵Ĵ﷨Ȼס飬һٽҪ˶ʱ¶棬ڵõĴӦ֮ųš
һ·ҲȻŵͷѾ˳Ͼ½ŵӣǿ˵㣬ǺֻǹҲϹ
ܿ죬
ȻϴʱһΧ˲ٵˣнģзģȥҴҡ
ſǸ˫Щǵߣ߲ɫߵ߸ǰǰ߽Ϲ黹
ѾˣĹأϽʦҪȰϷΪȶݡȻжӦƵǼǣļʼûУѡջأȻǲЩռ䵽档
ƺѾߣϿһ£ȻϴһСϸһȷ
ҪԼӵԺΨһ
ԺԺΨһ
Ȼʱ䲻Ƕ֮л൱˽ġ
ڱԺ֮УԺҲʵۺԺΨһ˾һżĴڡʮͻ죬ųɾ;ӢӣķһΪɲ⣬Ϊδ֮ʱڱԺУһԺλ֮ӧִƱԺ
ΨһȻ츳ڣȴʮֵĵ͵һζԺĴѹ֮УͷβԺûвС
벻ȻǱԺԺΨһġ
ӹύӣ߱һ·űԺѰȥ
ŵ÷֮еĽ̿ճ֮أɽˮţ֮ͨȱȽǣ˶پĿ
Ժλã͵ΨһΪһҲ൱ƫ֮߹Ҫ߹ȥðСʱӡ
СʱɢȴҲߵĲ
ո뿪󲻾ã·һСŵʱ򣬾˵סߵ·
Ϊһ棬ͦΣ˫Ŀ䡣󣬻ĸԺ־Ůʿ
Ȼʶģ󣬺ͻˡ
ƣ
߿ǰˣг֡
ôͷڹˣǰЩҵԺʱôҳ
۽𣬳ȵĳЦ̬ȻǰЩŰԺӵĿеС
ſ֮ʱѾǺأԺԺܵԺӣΪصĶ˵ҩŵ֧ţΪ츳ƺܿͻƵ˺أգ֮ͳ֮쵱
ңУƸǸо˴ʦƺ࿴ӣʱĻŭšÿÿĶҡҷѡ
˵ԺʮֵĲ˳ʱףԼֵʱˣֱӳͷԺͬʱҲҪһȵԼǰޱȵǸ֪Сӡ
ɫ˫ʵȺ֮иŲСĺ̨ԺоԺҪ֣˵Ժеӻ϶Ψհ
ΪԼһ㣬ֻҪֵϻģ˵һ˫յý֡
ģ
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ĸҲк߰صʵȻߵĶֻ֣ʱ˺ΧټһصĶƣһ̫ŲҪΧЩˡ
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ΪԼռϷ磬֮俪ʼ
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ʱۿΧ۵ԽԽֹ࣬ͣܵһɲǣ˫ֳȭƽƳȥ
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ȭȭ߰
˫ȭָȭǿһ
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ʳָڶɫ֮ʱȻһȻȻ
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ƣԺеӻ϶ָֻ
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Ⱥ֮һ꣬Ȼأһɫ׼ȷĸҼϡ
ٿߣѾԽĸ˵Ժӣֱ߹Сţʧɽˮ֮䡣


54 Щ¶
һ¶ƣҲǸԺ˳һڶֱ߲űԺλȥѰʦҪԼȥ߶ٵЩ⡣
ԺΨһڱŻţǶ쵱뵽ܹһͷʢ꿡ţߵǻмڴġ
ʱ仹ϵĹ򣬴󲿷ֵŵǶٳ֮мžޱȣɽˮӳ֮Ϊľ
·ϣҲżֱԺĴ߿羰
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£ΧŵظضΪ֮һ
һ·ţڿ羰ԵʣԭԤưСʱͽг̣֪ͼӳ˲١
ⲻڿǰһƬ쳣ɫ̱֮ѵһʤˡ
ɫڱɫҶ֣߹ŵʺ֮߿첽߹ȥ
ֵΧרɵդֶΧУڶжӦ̨ʯ·ԶԶȥɫʯ·쿪һȤ
УʱľһĿ
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йϵֻ̾ϧ֪֮еһ֣ﾲʱʿһ;ǻкܴĺô
û뵽ѰԺ·ôһõطһ˲С
ȻĿĵɢÿÿ·һطʱ򶼻ΧĻΧ߹û߹ж
ʮӹȥȴǿʼĪ
ͨġʤղ٣ֻ⵱ƺЩԡ
أ
߲ϵעܣȴһʱҲﲻϳ
ΪԼĴϾɫ֮Уһֲʶ®ɽĿֻԵڴɽеĸоǺܿжϳﲻԡ
ִ濴ȥʮֵĴģƫƫߴһڴ߽ȥҪ˶þͻ̳һڣΣ߶ΪԼߵĲˣԺ޻ɵת
ʯ·ݺύ߲˹յĳǺ飬ֻظֵʱ߶ʱʶˣԼ߲·⣡
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ֵĳҲ˵ڣڱҲû𣬵۳ڣƵƵǰԲɺϺˡ
һʱ䣬뵽
󣬻ֻҪ̤ʿǿ߶ԣһо֮ܲóһЩǳ󷨣˵Իꡢ顢ӡõȵȡ
첼ȻȫȲǱ󷨵󷨴ңóͼȴκκʿ޷ƽͿ͸ġԭܼ򵥣ΪĻԪԪ
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ݵ˼֮߾Ѿȷˣֵһ˲󷨡
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иˣ
ߵľȣ鷴ʮֵ򾲺Ȼ˵ȻСָһƣȻƮƮǰ˼
Ҿ뿴ĸˡ

һֹȴҲˡ
ֻ˫ʮָɿӡʮ΢ɲѪɫԪ˷
󣬾Ϳʳָǰһһ׳Ѫɫ׳ѪɫУɫһģ֮󣬵ٶʱ򣬺ȻѾһ
֮һ󷨸Ķֻ࣬Ҫ˾ȫ޷쵽Ҫ֮Ƕɹ˽֮ĸ֡

߶ʱһ±С֮Уûһƿ֮ġ
ȷ
ߴʱŻ죬Ȼǲǵʲô鷳ǿߡ
ġ
ٴָŵһƣȻȥ֮ˡ
ȻҲʲôʱȻ˵ᱻ֣ҲͷļСѾͷ
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֮յģǱڸ˵
֮ӳڻһ㿪ʼת

߶ʱЩˣⳡôľһźɫİƤ忴Ƭأ
˭֪ߵ뷨ովôһǿƾƤ֮кȻһȻһЩеĶ
ЩоԼֻصȥˣĻȥˣ
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ΪЩɢҶµ·ȫ
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ȻǺƬȺƬĳ֡
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ˡ
תƣ١¯СƱһһ֡
ף
滬鲻ķһףƺֵӡ
ϣ¶ĺȻһȣһѩ׻弫Ӿ޳ȣŻ滺Ⱦ·һĻ˳
ȸ߸ߵչţĽֺʱʱջޱߡ
ôһ߸ȣҪ˵ûһĳ嶯ǲܵģҲ΢ĳ嶯һ¡ž޸пһ仰ɶɶɶ͵ȻǷ֮ĺ׼Ĵ
޵ĳ鿴ˣ治һôĵ顣
ƫƫѾͷһûУûߵḻ͸ıɽһǾԲ뵽ֵġ
Ȼٴλ
߸Ļȣ޳һ˶ļϡ
ˡ
ٶˡ
ͻȻģжЩĵĿһۡ
ȻѾͷҲˣƺŻˣССųԲΣѵһĳ˺졣
ãŻ˰ɣŻ۾߰ɡ
ôţΪֱյյ֮뿪һ߲ŷ֣Լĵһ߶ִŮǶô̵⡣
ȻɫЩ죬ȴ˿û뿪˼һٶƶ
ðɣʱǹֵ궼治ɫľɱҲҭˡ
治ƶˣȫǽйٳ޵ĳ涨֮롣
߿񺹣
һ㤵뵽һŹֵĴʶǡѣ


55 ޵
Ůɫ˫ģԴ۳ݴʱ˿Ҳȵ˹ʱ˫ڸ߿˺ܵĿ·Ҫƴȫȥץȡʲô
˿٣˿⣬ӣ̴ϸš֮ƺûпЧ˵൱ǾˣߵǻϿԴĿжϳЩϸʲô
ǾⳡҲǻˡ
Ů˭
߽һ뷨˭ߵĵڶ뷨Ȼ뷨óһ
˵
պĳһ죬ʮɵλ֮еһλȻƨƨߵȥʣɶǸ˭أ
ȻȻ˵һᱻᣬõĽ
Ȼǿ϶ûȻˡ
˼һ⣬һ仰ȴĲߵۺɻҡ
ڸʲô
ȻɫЩ죬ǿԿǵ治֪ǻеĸѶȶ״ʲô
ڡ
ôͣ޷͡
ͷϵһӴĺ飬˼ȥڻǿҳһǺʵĴʶ
档
棿
ƺ淨ǵãͲ⣬˳桱ļλˣֿ˿Ա߶µ·ǣƺԻˡ
棬Ǹ·ˣ
ȻԭͲѾͷȫû⵽·˵Ҫԡ

߸оԼϵĺˮѾǴӶӱ޵кˣ̵⣬һʱ֮侹ȻݺһĴɱֲ֪Ӻ˵
·㡣
һʾ֭˼˵Ľ͡
⻹˵·ֻǲ㣬ǼֱǸ¶ġ
Ŷ
ʱȻˣȻŸѶȵϷһ֪
ƺ˳˼ߵôİѾͷעȻʹ뿪˵ĺ¶Ҫ֪ǿǿߣ
ǿϷСǾԲܲι۵ġ
һ򶨣˼άҲȫϣǽ°ɵȷ̫гû뵽ΰעȴƺ뵽ʲô
ֻɫȻˢһ䣬ͣ˼ӣȻٴα仯
ű仯ɫ˫֮и˸˿˿Ѫâ
ã
һ˵ЩʲôȶһȴѾָһ룬ֻ˫ȴǶ
˫ƽǰʮָɣȻڽӡ
ҿ˸նɣ̲µһõĽ
ɱˡ
߼ѿڶ
ȷɱˣ˼͵Ҳ˼Ը⣬Ըı˹ܵô˼һôԻ󷨣ȻǲӰ쵽ˣѾǺѵõˡ
ȻҪ׿Ǳ˷һ˵
Ȼɱһְҵ˴ʱǱְҵš֮ȻɱɱҲ֮ˡ֮ȻȡɣԼ׼Լжϡ
飬ͲжˣͳѪĿɱеǲմȾģȷ֮ǰ
ҵȻɱǡ˵ţתͷȻЦһ¡
ȻɱˣҲ˵ʲôˡ
߾Ϳ˫ָӵķţһޱȵѪɫӡʼɡ
˺üӣһŰƴСӡųɫҲǲ԰࣬óһ۵Ѫȥ
ߴΪԻ⵽ʲôȻҪķôʱ䣬ò̺˾޴͵ƾЩҲܹǿ߸ɱˡ
ʵǾԲɵģԲŻһٶΪȣҪ֪Ǽ̺ȫһôܻС
ʲô
һ㡣
Ѿͷôѧˣ߻شţѾһ˦㿴ǺɫȻֱӴ֮˽ȥ

ѾԽ˰ƤⷶˣֱʡԺʱ˿Լ顣
͸֮ǺɫһѪ⣬ɿĳ˷˹ȥ
ʵǿ󣬵ȴ֪ǿʲôĳ̶ȣ͵Ϯǿ켶ˡ
᲻ᱻ֣
ߵ顣
źɫͷҲصĵǶ㲻ģ㷢Ҳǡ

߻Ȼˣֱ֮͵Ķȫһ޷ԽĴڣ͵Ĳˬ˻ִ¡
֮Уʱ˿̵ĳ棬ѾҵЩˡ
ۿźɫԽռ䣬һڿлĻƬ֮æĲֺλ
ˢ
ۿӽָһɫһתͷ
ͬʱǺɫĿ¿ʼٵı
֮ĺâ͸¶޵죬ͷ¡
Ȼʱԭ޹˼ɵľƺ쵽ʲôǽ˶㱳ȻԴһתȻ֮ͨĿͶߺߡ
ǵһοӵİ˫ۿȥɲ⣬絶䣬ֱͦ˵Ҳһѵӡ
ˣ
⣬㿴Ǻɫĺâ£ӳ׸ǡ
ӵĿ֮˿ɻ漴תȥ
գ֮䣬âɢȥƺʲôҲûз
ȴǺ֣ʾԼֶγɹˡ
ЩƵʱ򣬺Ȼ֮еŮƺʲô˼飬Ůӵ϶ʱ¶ĸ±飬С켸ͬһʱſ
һ֪ˣһͻļпҪԶԶ
Ȼʱһ΢СŮӼУǴԽɽһ
ˡʱȴһֱջ֮

ߵ뿴Ѿͷ׸ʲôӵСֶΣŮӷ˸߷ֱļȻǿˡ
߰ɣȻ׷ɾ鷳ˡ
ʱԵޱȴߵȻҲû飬˿ٵ뿪֣Ҳص˽ָ棬ǼµȥԺѰΨһ
˼ĻߵԺ
֪𣿡
һû˵ˣϽ˵ˡ
˭УҲһҺĻСʱ˵Ҫǻв֮
򵥵ļ仰ȴߵĺö˶˵߶ʱ׻˲ʯ

һ֣ϳʡԺţԱʾʱʯ쾪һ顣
ʱ벻ʲôʶһγ˼ˣòѧݣǵȼ
һʱ֪˵Щʲôÿ佱Ǹóޣǿ佱ͳһ
Ȼ֮һ룬ܹҲ̶õֶǸҪжôڰ۲ܹ鲻Խģ߾ͿʼѾͷȡˡ
ȻôҪԷĶҾ͸ǻһºÿҪ˵ҲǺġ
Ļ䵽ߵԺȴֻ޳ܵʡԺӦˡ
źðɣ޵Уһھͳǰδеĳࡣ


56 
ߴҲ벻ôӣȻôڰ˼ά˴ķߵ˼άҲ˹ɽһƶ˺͵֮Ʈ˺üء
ĩˣڳ׵ˣᶨޱȵĻӦһ䣺ĺãˡ

⳹ͷβĴ㣬ߵʵ˲١
Ժڱ̿ճǵıأνǱ̿ճеƫԶشֻһ̶ȵӣܹɵŵɢȷʵҲһеĺȥ
ԺĴſڵʱʱѾˣԺȴʮֵİſһŵĵӶûУͱŵԺǴͬ
ҲˣԺԺΨһ͵£ȻΪ񣬵ʮֵĵ͵ڵĸ߲һЩĵǶ֪ôһλڣŵĵȴ֪Ψһôһ
ſڣ߲ûóȻĽȥվڴȺ
ûվţûעŵĶһŴԺܻ˽ġ
ȻһĹ򣬱㿴Ӵ߹ӣŷһԵǳǣԺǳǣͲýˡ
λԺƺҲΨһ͵µԸйоصߵ֮󣬾ͷֳһǰȥԺһ˱ԺĻС
λʦϢƬ̣ʦѾȥԺˡ
λȻʮֵĹ˵Ѿһ衣
߲ɫĽӹˮȴһ֣ԼڣµĲµĵӣû뵽ǰȥЩıӾȻƺԼΪʦ֡
ʦԺģ
Ҳ֪ıǰûע⵽ûһ⣬֮ʱᵽԺ
ţǵġ
һߺȲһߵ˵ͷ
ѽ
ıӾһʵ˵ԺһԺصʵֱӴԺĸ𴺳ɣܺԺĴʦԷ绪ƽ֣
üĿ˵ϲǾˡ
ţôһ£ǵԺ۸ˣô˵ҲҪ
⻰˵Ĳ٣ҲǺ顣
֮Уȶֱ̫ƽˣǵ͵˹ıԺҲǡʱȥһЩԺĵдһ¡
֮£ԺԺñѵͻǱԺǰˮĴӡ
˵СǹԸ𴺳Ͷ˾Ӣǹ׷£Ҫˡ
Դ˵һѶϢ
⻰еЩԾǹ׷꣬ڱ֮пͷ쵱ͬһλǹ֣һƷǹ֣֮е֡
𴺳Ͷ׷£϶Ҫͨǹ׵սʤһѩ衣
ɴһ𴺳ɺԷ绪ԺϣĿľԶ׼ˡ
Ŷ𴺳ɲԺôͶžӢ£
Ȼ֪׷ͷȴ֪ڻĹ涨
֮вûƣϾΪŵľӢӣѾ߱˿ʵŹʵĿģǲֹġ
ⱱôһ˵ȴһɻ󣬸𴺳Ͷǹ׷֮꣬мû֪ⱱԺһ͵ô֪
𴺳һ£֪ǡ
߻û˵֮ˡ
˭֪ǱһȻȻЦʦֻ֪ɣǹ׷̤֮ǰǱԺŶ
ãǳˣֲ͵ıԺô֪𴺳飬˼׷ͱԺһҵġ
ɴ˵⵹ҲǸ𴺳ɵһء
˼ĵôôֱӵİѸ𴺳ɵ˵˳¸𴺳Ͷ׷꣬˵ǱԺѾһ˵Ĺϵ˵ûɽ𴺳ɹ͸¶ġ
ⱱ˼ҲܴԹɫ֪ߵ˼
ȴЩǸĵʵҲԺĵӡ

û˵ʲô漰ܶˣ˵Ķ˱ȻȽϵΡ
ʱĿɨÿ˴ӻ߹ҲĿһת䵽˻ߵϡ
ף
һ¾ϳˣ·ǵպһͨſ˵Ů
ŮҲڴʱϳ¶Щľȡ
ʱǱǳŮк˵λԺʦ֣Ժ˷ľɽ񣬺ܲŶ
ңҡ
ǫţŮӵȴ˽
ʦ֡
ȳǱʩһȻתߣȴû˼ԱߵİʮֵɻҪ˵̵ʱ򣬾˵˾ɽȵնɱ˽

ţϽҼ©ɡ
ߺĻشһ¡
߰ƶ̬ȾЩˣ
ߵĺشҲǵûб飬ڰԱߵʾֱӱˡ
ȴѾҲ˼˵ƣϾ˼һͷǽʦţʱ˵Ƶûطˡ
ƺҲ뵽һ㣬ɴ಻ᰲƣȨûס
ʦ֣һе飬ˡ
򵥵һ仰֮뿪˻
ЩҲסԴε˵ոŵĵӣʲôλʦĪҪ⡣
᲻ᡣ
ȻǺĻشš
̸Ĺ򲻴ǸӵıӾͻˡ
ֻʱӵɫѿ˭Ƿһ
쵽ӵҲɻ󣬡ʦ֣ԺǱô
̾˿εĵԺʮֵĻ
ǡ飿
ʡ
Ӳ˵ȴóһСŵϡ
ΨһǼˣҲ⣬ϾɲרΨһģͰѺߵڵͽó˽
ǱӺͰƶ˵Ҳʮֵˬ죬ֻǼ򵥵Ŀһ¾ֱö
֮ҲûйͣͰƶ˿˼뿪ˡ
صԺ߻ûߵԼĸ¥ǰͿԶһ·Сܵĸ˹
ӣ߻Ϊֳʲô飬˭֪ȴǿʣСʯϴ˶Ƶ㣿
ϻ
ţҳȥֻ˳·ˡ
ߵͷ
ָ߰ķĽɫȻ
Ȼ֪ߺһҲôģÿսʤ˱ˣжĪĸо˼飬һεĸ𴺳ɣԷ绪һεĶƣԺأ
ƺһ޵׶ʲôĶ֣ܹȵĽԷܡ
Ժ˵һ飬ܾãʲôطĲʲôطﻹǱȽϵʡ
磬Ժеһ˷ŷòˣף߻
ϯ䣬ᵽڱԺ
ʲôĿˣ
һʱͼˣķ˹˰죬ûܰסæһȥȴǺ
˶ʱЦԺգߵĹûԾࡣ


57 Ҫһ
˳극û뿪Ĺ򣬱㿴ת糾͵һˡ
ʦ֣
ת¥ĵһʱ䣬Ժ˶ϲĺ˳
ԺĴʦϾһлˣ֪ϾһΪ˶ٵļ˶ȲΧȥ
ţһˡ
ʱϾһϴŵЦݣȻһջСȻûܹ̤죬ǴϢϿȴǾѾԶˡ
ϾһĽ˶оϣһΣߵǿƣϾһͻƣԺ˵Ķ־ȼ
ʦ֣һεĽʢᣬԺǲǿԲμӡ
ʧʱʡ
һᵽʢᣬԺĵӶĬˡ
꣬Ī᳾ʧٵ굱УԺѾûвμӹʢˡ
˵˵Ҳ̣굱УԺֹʧȥ˲μӽʢȨʧȥѾܶܶ࣬ൽǶĻĵز
ǰһɶõĻᣬʳʱ˶¶Щڴ
һ㣬Ͼһֺγ
ЩԼһͬԺ͹ȵʦʦǣҪĲǽʢʤͽһ
ȷԺѹֵ̫̫ˣ˵жһŻ
Ǻ£ҲһΣյѶţղõĻпԺĵҲʧ
ȻϾһҲʮеҪڽʢ֤ԺĴڣ֤ԺʵҲ֪ʢ֮ϣԺĶɳ츳ĵǰȥᣬҶԺһ塣
ԺأԺĪ᳾ѾʱͻȻָֺ֧͹ˣȻÿһԺӵжôһϣϣгһĪ᳾ܹƮȻԺ̤۷壬¸־Ϲâ
ϣǺεȵãЩԺĵͬޱȡ
꣬갡
Ϊϲãӵ˲嵭ǰǸһˡ
ǣޱȣֻССһȴʮֵļѡ
ʦ֡
ŷֹ
ʦ֣ʢỹһµʱ䣬ǻԺú׼İ
ᣬսδԺû
Ͼһ֪ģŮǿᣬҲսף
Ժļϱֵӣ˵ʵڵģ츳ߣضûдﵽǵԣǶ־ȴǸֲĵףκѶ޷
ʦ֣԰ɣΣԵ־
һĬɣ¶ȴʱᶨĿˣһ򻰲࣬ʱĬĬΪԺţΪߣÿһԶ֣Ҳûеӹ
һŮӣĬԵģΪͬԲһС
Ͼһû˵ֻǽĿתһżߺ
ûʹ£˭˭
ʮֹһ̯֣ʾ״̬ʮֵĺս
ֻûб̬
ϾһĿ⣬Ҳ󶨸ϡ
ȴǾþû˵
û̱̬Ժûи飬ǴʱͷȻһ⣬𴺳ոջʱ˵Ƿ
ԺϣԺԷ绪൱ļʻǿߵĸ̬ڽʢ档
Ժأ
ȻûнӴҪ֪ԺԺڱ֮жŲϵһȻԺǿߵϽʢ̨ԺҲһУ
ʦ֣ʢϻ᲻ǿߣ
죡
Ͼһһ飬ȻʶԼһص⡣
ǵģǿߣһȫԽʿĳƺһ֮֮
ǿ֣ͨսѾǺʿ޷ɼģʢϳǿߣԺһڻڰ졣
ǲһҪùھ

ȷμӾ͹ˣ֤ԺĴڣùڶѾþöûˡ
ҵĵǣǻᰵֽţϾԺڡ
߶ҪֱӰԼǵ˵˳
˻һͷһĵͳƺֻص㣬Ҳ뵽ĬȻʢ͵ӱȶһǰʩչֶȴֹǷʤ
ûԺǿߵĽʢᣬǻأġ
˳Ĭ
ٿһ°ɣϾûԺ޷˰ֽš
Ͼһվû룬ⲻܡ᧿ΣԺһ˱˻ᣬǲġ
óȻμӽʢᣬֱӰԺ˷ͷ˼⡣
ܲһλǿԺ򡣡
˶ĬʱȴŰ취ͿͱڵźŲ׵ϵλڽʢʱԺԺȻʲô֮ˡ
ؼǣλԸԸ
Ҳ֪λǰγ֣ȫǳѶţмӣȴԺۡ

һ㶣һʱͲ֪ôشˡ
ȻǴ߶ĳƺı䣬֪óʮ̬
Ҳ֪ܲ뵽
֪ûıҪˣϴԺſڵĶԼԺ˶֪ǸС
һ԰ɡ
ߵ
һ£˵Ҫ˵Կ
š
˵ͷ
һϾϣ˶ôĳơϾһֽһЩ飬˱㶼Լסȥˡ
߳¥ȴһסߡ
һΪǵĶԼ
һ㶣żһʮ׵ĶԼţ˫Ķעȷʵз˼ҲǵһЦ̸ˣ˭ƫƫʱ˳
ȻϿƦ࣬ߺһɲĽɫ⼸ΪĽܿͬʮֵڷܡ
ѾǺصھ˿ߣճ˵֮䵹൱һսܡ
ҲͬߵĺؾԲó𴺳ɡơԷ绪һصĸֶǰ֤Լصʵǰǲ
ʱԭҪ˵򲻹֮ģתһ룬ȴû˵
ɣ
˵֮䣬ԺпյԲơ
ѪӰûʩչȭҲֻǴȭѾƵ˾
㣡
֮УߺȻһ䡣
־ߣ֪Ǳ֣֮ƺϣȻֵĲԣôӹߵ۾
ܿͳˣʤ
ûж־̫ʧˡ
ޱĿĳ
ûж־Ǹ򲻹㰡
˵֮˫˿į˵򲻹ߣѳɶ֣޷ı䡣
򲻹ҲҪһҲҪȫԸӣôõ࿴㲻ǺϲҪһƵ𰡣
Ȼһͷ׵ѩӰĻԼΣԼʹЩһûšûʵܹġ
ҪiδҪǿҪһԼʲô
Ȼ˫˿˿ļ㡣
ǵģҪһ


58 
һ죬صס֮Ҳûгûгžû֪ˡ
ڶϵʱȴߣɫȴƽ
߰ɣһȥ
˭
ųԶǰ겻ķžƺ;Ʊһ·һٷ뿪˾ƾû취Ƶġ
˿ǰľƱȻͻȻץһͷѾȫȥ󲻵ֹץƺһһĽŵŹֱ࣬Ѿƺ˸׳졣
ľٶȫ
㲻
ԣ
һеľƺصİϡ
Ƿš
ˣ
һֻľƱҲϡ
˶˵磬Ȼһеģ֮ڲصĳǸһȫûС
ȷһ̵ı֣ȫȫӰʱƺѾ˷磬߿óĲȥǸˣܳʲôɣȥ
ǣԺԼ˵鶼ܲһ
ûǿ򣬲μӽʢһ˰Ǿ͵ưͳԻûǿ߳Ժȫȫͣ˵Ҳġ
ԺôóȻ̤Ͻʢ̨Ȼǰ
׳Ӣ۵ߣ
ȥҾƣѾ˲ȶĳ죬˦˦䣬ת˷š
ߵҲûֹϾһǱҪߵģ֪ıҲ֪⵱еʲô˴ĽᣬһԿ϶һһȻջɳ
Ժ˾ôţҲû˵
źĲܹȥģһ˶ʮֵ
һŵûоɣܵžӢӵٻǲֱӽŵģҪҵŷͬһĹϵ
ŵӲԽţ
Ȼ˴ͨŵϵشʱסˡ
ŵ۷ʿǰֻ̤ǿߡҲھŵǿߴ򽻵ʱʵСŵӴҡڵҪţɵг˲м
Ҳ¶ġ
ȫûкǿڷϻ飬ֱӱһ֡
¶磡
ŵĶʱޱȣ˭ǿޱȵǿڱ֮еλִ̫ĿֲλȻʵǿλӱڵĸ߲ģִȨҪӡ
ʲôˣʲô
һ˽ʡ
ȻλȻҲܷ˸ӻȥһЩû֪顣
һˣǼ٣˿á
ҪҪôл𣿡
ɫЩÿˣ鱾ʮֵĲˬۿֱȥ·޷ƽĶԴˡ
Ȼˣ
һֱԲ䣬ͼţһЩ˵£ԺĵԽԽ˰
㣡
ӿǰһ
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ΪһʹԼʮ꣬˫罣ɱȽӯһԪǿߡ
СһһŮĸߴ۾ȴеСȥһЩŮҲмɫüһɰ룬ʮĳĵɰ룬Ҳһ羰
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ùһˣɻŮӵ˭ԱߵȴѾȲĿˡ
·ʦ֣ǹ˭
ȻڼװһƦ࣬ǺԾĿǰ״ʮֵǣǿ
ǷϣҲҲ˵֮ԺĴʦ㡣
ޣĵͦ
Ȼûж飬ʮַܵ˵һ䣬Ͳ˵ˡ
ŵԺΪλϾŵӴ󣬶žӢ䱸Դ޷ģžӢӣһһȻĹģ󣬵ȴԾӢӵλĴڡ
ȻžӢеһԱ
ԼĹϵһֱžӢԾӣŲˣôе㲻Ծ
·Ż켣ѾãϵΪҲ֪Ķ࣬߿Ͻ״̬Ϊ쳣Ҳʮֵơ
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߿Ψһİ취ǺǸͬһӰ˺úùͬоһô˷ӰΪϡ
ֺǵʱ򣬵Ǹƻľܹá


59 ȸ
һʮ۵֮߶ڸ·˲סλã๬
๬λþڵĺıɹʮֵĽվڵ๬ͿԿڱɹԱߵı
֦Ҷïı̻Իʹϵıɹ໥ӳһɼʥء
һҲ·ƺӼ򵥵Ľ˼֮󣬾һӹͷǰ·ߺ๬
๬㲻ϴ󣬵ǽȴʮ־ɣз·ڻ䣬Ũ뵵๬֮С
ҲĿе֪๬ڱ֮ϣͨ๬еܶȶҪŨࡣ
Ȼڱ֮Уӵŵĵλڲֹ๬һֻЩطֻʵ㹻˲ܹʸפһŵǵòĴġ
ֻʿɣžӢӵԲӴ󣬶Ҵ󲿷ʵͻľӢӶŲͬźְҲʵĵһҪֶΡ
գӰ˴һ޴Ļ԰ǰ档
˾ǰ԰ھޣλڴȺ򣬵ʱ˻Ȼǰ
ӹȥ
ԱһϢСͤӣ˶ûֱӽ԰ȥ˵˼ǾͤеȺ
Ϊֹ߶һ㶼˽⣬Ҳֻ֪൱һĹϵ֮һƬհס
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ΪģŮڲͬһ򶨵˲ЩʱֹŹֵ뷨
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Ůͷߣȴͤͤ׿¶˫ˮĴ۾ЩϢ
ҪŮһɫĸһСΪԼҴˡ
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˲Ҳˣź֮Ĳ࣬±ԼĻҪ󣬴ûߡڵһλɱͭڶԺսȻλмӵĵ˵ף˭رעһСʿأ
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ڲٵϧûкʵٵָ㣬Һͷʹء¶˵͸¶һ˿Ŀա
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߸֮еκһҪ֮еĵλҪϵǿ󣬲ϵȡϵı
߸֮ڸݶƵĻ³̣ÿʮһΣֻĻʱ䲢һ°ˡݵ߸֮ѾҪˣʱߴƽȫ𣬶ʤ߽ƹһҪٲõ
ٲõȻûִٵĵλߣȴֱ֮ĹϽԵطżƺ֮Ȩ
ɽiȻ֪ٲõҪ̶ȣȨ棬λٲõĿȨЩͳͳˡ
ִٲõ߸֮һĶฮʵԴ棬Ҫ֮ϡҪӳฮжٲõִȨѶȿ֪
ٲõִȨһӵܲμӣҲͱһĿܣܹɥʧͬʱҲܹܺõǣƸ֮ƽ⡣
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˵ء
ҵٵаҪһˣǰСǿɶǿʤء

߳ĬǰŮǲۿ۵Сѡ


60 һǾ
ǿöԺ˾Ҫһ˼ȥԼʵˡ
뿪๬ɫǺ࣬߿ףһ￴ѾģҪ̤һϰˡ
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ţҵĺڴ
ĦȭƣһԾԾԵӡ
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صԺ㳹׻ָĳֲ֪ǲװƦϾһֱӿĽƣȻȲ˽ȥ
ǰҵǿĺϢ˴ңҲ˷ʱ䣬ʼ˽ŵʵڡ
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¶鶯ѵ˼άһûзӣǽ˵бΪߵĴڣܿҲܣСıץȥҩʲôġ

߳ˣһĵĸоΪһǰ;δǶôĺڰͼ
һСĵġ
ǷҪץͷһ
Ȼû취¶Ҳûͣƺûĵӣ֮ǰһ䣺һǾɺ뿪

ߵõƺʵǿЦãҲûκΡ
ȷⲻ׵ĿֲѾͷ뿪ˣŰĵؿʼԼ


61 ȥõ
ʱķɿ죬ڲ֪УѾʮȥ
һһȵĽʢҲڽܹĵĽţԺִñʱѾϡִõһѵǴ̨͹ۿʲôģμӽʢĵԽӵڷȡܹڽʢһս
һʱ֮䣬ڵǳֳһǰδеķæ
ŵ˵ʢһγͷصľûᡣһڽʢ˳ɫı֣ȻܵžӢŸ߲עӣһôȻ࣬˵ñλ˿ֱӽеǰԴڣôȻһָտɴˡ
еûôСžţֻһ˼˼ȫûнݾߣ̤ʵһһȥ־ᶨ·ܹߵĳ
ʮڷܵĲȡһϲĳɼ
ڽգʢֻʮʱ˳̤˺ؾԪ
˵ǾؾԪʵҲ˽תĴǳŵԪĺܶࡣȻ˵ؾԪֻһ֮ңǸŵǴӺеĲûȵģҲ̤ļ֮
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Ҫ֪죬һ˵ܹģһ˵еһγһ˳ͨѾ˾֮ˡ
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涨ϼһ滹й涨
ҲǿˣͷרģҲŷǸ𣬵Ҳ̵İеһĹ˻ȥ
µãǰͷˡ
ŵ岻ˣ
߹Һӣִмһͷǰ档
ŶǾɡ

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ͷӣƺǾһ£˵һŰɣһ



62 ޵׶һɽͼ
Сʱ뿪
ȻڿҩľͷʲôģӰ˵񣬵Щǽ൱ɵ֡
⻰˵ˣȻ˵ɣҲֻ֪ɶѣϾЩ˶ԩͷԵ޹ʵԪӻ˵ЩһѶȵġ˵ѶȻѲ
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һ˵֮пν˳˳ˮû˿۵ģ֮ص˱̿ճǡ
ٴͷ̬ԵĲһˡ
һͷʮˬıʾȥˣȫֱӽУǵӦõıһȫ֡
ؼҵ·ϣţһεջܵѾǧƷԪоſƷԪһĿɹ۵ĲƸˡ
ƷԪһӣֲһضԪأƷԪͲͬˣƷԪ̺ۣϾͿԷֱһԵġ
Ԫͨ⾧ʯȭͷСԼĻת
ľԪǳֳɫģܹоǱܡ
˵ȵȣеƷԪлԪţԪţˮԪһţԪţûԵԪ
Ԫǲ֮еԪأ˵⣬˵ףȵȡ
ȻҲ֪Ԫ˵Ԫ̶ȸߣʦĽ϶ǲֵġ
Ȼ˵ԪǼӿʿҪĿǰߵǲ̾ͶЩԪҪЩһЩܹڽõĶ
ȴҲΪһ鷢ˡ
ǾǴռ䲻ˣȻ˵ԪһĻռĿռʮִ󣬵ԪԣռݵĿռԶԶԭ
һȭͷСƷԪռݵĿռ伸ܹһŴ󴲣ǸƷĽָѾˣȻûװµΣҪڽʲô΢һȥѾܡ
취⣡
׼൱ǲӵĺһҲ֪һ㣬װһ˵ĲƸۼ̶ȣУǮׯŶʲô²ֻдϲŻ̤ʵɱ˲գ۵ɽ硣
ǣߵǽŪһĴװ˵һλ
صԺҵˣѯһû鷳
Ҳ̫߳ԵǺԺ˹ȥĶҲѣ뿪⼸յУԺҲǳƽƵƵƵԺӶûˡ
ۿʢԽԽˣҲûٳţֻʵĴԺ֮ʱʱٻɽͼݱ仯һϣܴзһЩء
ɽͼѾߴĪĻԵ;ϲ֪һصĴڡԳ֮⣬һ˼˵ȥ
ԴһױͨѪ֮˿Ѫ֮ɽͼǳ˳˯һ㣬Ҳûκβ
Ҳɱڲͬվ֮вĥ£ǼɽͼܵΨһ;
˼֮̽ܽһģĽۡ
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ּƶ޽ӽġ
ɽͼƺԼϢϢأǴɽͼеرѣѵһֲ˼ķʽٵĴݵߵӶϡ
Ȼɽͼĳ׷ԴĻȴؾͼ˵Ȼ뵽ģҲֻǰһԼתĹŹСѡ
ˢ
ǰһƬ֮£·֮еɽͼĸ˳
ͼ֣߷ǽǰҲ޷͸ͼϵ׿̻ʲô
ɽֲɽΪϵӰƺʱ޿̶ڶ޷ݣȴ޷һࡣ
ߵʵǿԼɽͼĿҲҲоɽͼ֮дһǿıԴɱԴʮֵǿ󣬵ȴƺܵĳѳ
ͼ֮У
߶۶һϸСʮöͼȥκһֿܡ
ʱһĹȥ
ϵ磬絽磬ֱʱ֡
߽Եĳޱߵ˼ά֮Уʱ˿״Ļһŵĵ
Ϊʱ¶ģԪϵĻ˵״̬
ڣڽһĳ֮ߵʶĶһ£Ȼ󣬵Ŀȴԡ
̧ʮָһ£ָϵĽָ㷢һâžһƷԪ˳
ԪһӽָеʱܵĪǣһ㣬ѸƮ𣬾Ƿɿڿлһߣ뵽ɽͼС
ϢģһƷԪֱɽͼ֮Уʧ

ûʱ䣬ڶԪٴ˳
ţţĿš

һſŵԪŶӵȴ¹ļһȫͶ뵽ɽͼС
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Ȼߵʶ·һ㣬Լ׬Ԫһ㶼ϸģӴһĲͶ뵽ɽͼ޵档
һӣһٿԪѾͶ˽ȥ
ɽͼûһ㶯
һٿ֮ɽͼԪٶԿ࣬ԭһŵʱѾš
ˢˢˢ
ԪҪǮķţɽͼΧҲԽԽء
ͶٿŵʱѾ׿ɽͼˣʱǰģֻһŰɵ
Ƿһ㣬ͶĶûмļ
٣߰٣ԭһЩõĵҩԪô޼ɵĶ˽ȥ
һСʱһǧƷԪɽͼɵ

ʱ߳һһƤڶ£˼£Ȼǡˡ
Ӧð
ָ˫۵ǰɽͼ˫ãѡ
ԭڴɽͼᷢô仯ģǽȴǺ޶
ƴˣ
߿һҧеƷԪ˳
һĹֻͨԼᵽɽͼǿҵ˼µԲŻĳ档
ԭΪͶһԪ֮ɽͼ϶ᷢʲôı仯ǽȴʮֵʧ
ûУûУһǧƷԪͶ룬ţ뺣һ仯ûУ
Ҳûз˼ϲģһҲǺɽͼîˡٶκ˿ȥʮֵɵ

һƷԪͶ룬ɽͼûб仯ǰһ
ûԥֱץ˵ڶš


63 
ɽͼҲ˵ΪʲôôִţźòԪҪιԳٳûгɹľٶȻûжҡ
ˣ
һԪ
ۣ
ɫԪڿлһɫߣ֮С
ߴʱˮ۾һգգעԽԽŨ
Ѿץ˵߿Ԫʱ׼Ͷȥ
ʱ߾ȵĿȻ΢΢һһȻðһŻ棡
ˣ
һݣƶûдֻҪͶԪ࣬ɽͼɵﵽһֵͻ仯ɽͼôһĪĻ档ȷſ浽ʲôǣߵƶȷġ
ɽͼаֶβһ֡
ʱĻȴҲʮ֮ر𣬳ֳһ״ֱ̬ĳϣмŨĳңʮԵĳ߹ᴩ棬ڻΧһɫĹΰΧš
⣡
߿˹Ļ棬һ
𣡡
ɫɫΡ
ɽ磬ҲݲͬԻ֡
ɫɫǳ
ڻΣݻܼ֡
ػ֮Ϊ𣬺ȻǸ߳κεػһܼĴڡ
ɻȱĶκһʿͨͨľǿߣ벻֧š
ΪͨһĵػǿҪѡȻ˵ػ̺ܼͬĴڣǺȴǸױõһࡣ
˵쾳ǿߣ󲿷ֶڽػȼյ¯
ǾڸϡиĶˣһ㣬ܶ޴ת䣬пĴ֮Ӹ߽׵ĵҩͷ
֮ܶ켶ǿ˵̶ȲڳɶѵƷԪջ
ǧŵƷԪƷԪѾһʲСĲƸˣ˷Ѿιһѻ磬ȥʵЩˣߵ۹ɲ̣ʵ̫ˣҩ˵Ҫһ㣬ԭһƻʮֲֿĴڣҪʱóһЧҲʮ𺳡
ɽͼҲһǮ⣬ȻֲҪôѴѵԪȼȥûмͦҲǾˮˡ
ǰһȦ߷ջǻصԶ㣬ԪûԪ㡣
ɽͼԪףҪɽͼãʦǸˣ·
ߵļﵹЩ׬Ǯ;ҪӦĽʢᣬʱǲǰȥˡ
ɽͼվһ죬һֽӲĸо
򵥻һ壬ƿš
ţ
ƿŵߣһʱ侹Ȼŵһɷ˵ζ
ŷʦ㣿
⵭Ӱ֮£վһλŮ
ŵĶŷҲת¹ĳ£Ů͹Եʮġ
һֱھûҴ㡣
ŷ˳ָָԱʯ̨ϵʳУЦ˵ⶼϵķˣȳ԰ɡ
ʿʱǺܼɻŵģֻҪʿ֪еΣŷȻҲ߾ʱ
ŷʦ㡭
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¶Ȼ˵ĸоı䣬ȴ֪¶еʱĺܴһ򵥵ʺһ΢΢Цܹĵط
ǰɱ֣¶˽һֿ̻ĸоȻǾٶϴȻûм
ѵһı¶Щ΢Σŷ΢΢һЦƺǲ͸ߵ˼һ㡣
ҲҪȥŬˣȳԷɡ
ߵͷĿȫ־ŮнԶʧҹĻС
ʰһ£ž·ʢķ˿ʼ˷Ƶɨ
ֲӣߴۻƳǺһʺӰವһ¾ʹܽ˷䣬ߵǰͣ
ڣˣ
ޱȵĶǰ߷¿ڿǵͷϰ£龭ŷȾ֮ζ˳ȥ
ڣǺ߸֣иףëӵģȻиڣͬǻںڲӵġ
ߵĿһףǴ̾ͱײ˲һ׼ȷİʳȫҧѪ档
ţ
߳һ䣬ͽųԷˡ
ŷķˣôܸڴˣ
ҲĴڻᰤϾôĵطвٵҰ޳ûģڱ̿ճΧĴҲȱṩʳĶ
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һʱĹ۲죬ڵҳѾٻˡʱƣ֮дҲ֪ôһͷԺлޡ
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С̫ˣȻͷǿţ
ͷһųߣʹ²ۡ
һߴһѰôҵߵסʱͿһźӰˢһȻ˵ͿϡôͷҲǱڵʿûٵҲǿģȻһЩȻڵ͵Ϯеֲǳ˼Ķ֮Ķá
ڡ
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ͷҲֱһϸߡ
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и


64 
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һʮ֣ټһʮݡ
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ȻϹŶйϵһ־֪ˣǱڵһִ֣ӵģȻĳûʲô𣬵ǵλȴҪȱĳҪ߳öࡣ
ҩʿĸñȾӵݺڣ뿴κһ˻ʵ뷨ȥܹܣ
𰸺Ȼᡣ
⸽˼Ҳܼ򵥣ǾǰĻôͻõԼ棬ҵһܹ޶ʱĵ¯Ÿĵһ¯ҩôлΪʦ
֮󣬳ΪʦַƣԽ֮еľ󲿷ҪأӶ˽⵽ڵҩ¯֪ʶ
Ȼ·̵ĺܳջҲʮֵĴ
ʦǿߵﶼʮܻӭĹ֣Ÿ¯ڲľ۱衣
ߺȻãΪʦһѡ
ʦҲôģѰӵ츳ĵӶŵʦ棬Ϳˡ
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ߴ󸮲ͬѡƶȣ˵֪һٲõ߶ฮϽ˲ŵֶξһΪѡٱ˵Ȩִ۷ǵѡͨһΪʹߡĴðΪѡʵǿ츳һ۷ǣϤ
֮ǸΪ˲ţֶονǲλ棬ȨջС
Ҳ޹ֺСʿǰȥ׷õġ
ѵǱҪʲôľٶ
ݵڰ˴
ô࣬ȻоԼƺ©ʲôҪϢ˼άƺһ̶ֱ˱ھǰ档
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ȻǵУ
뵽˼еĽʢᣬʢüޣڽҲвٷų
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Ƿ࣬һ㣡
ƺѾᵽһ΢ɲζ


65 ֵ
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֣ʱıڣһѾ˵ĹƾŲϵˣȴϢĲڱ
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ʢʱֻʣˣй˶Ѿ׼׵
ҪμʢԵĵǶڿ˼׼ţҪʢ̨һս
ͬʱҲóһӢŰ񵥣оеı仯
ӢŰ񵥣ÿһʢ񵥣ʮܹڰϵģõƵĽԼŵص
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ҲһȥӢŰһĽܡ
̤죬ţѾܹμӽʢˣ԰㳬ǰ汻һ۵ķš
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ȻҲÿˡ
죬ԺȥӢŰʢã뿪Ͷħǡ
һһܣƺ˶˽ࡣ
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˾ͺ˫һ̨ϳֵģȥʱǾѾǺصʵһȻṳ̂죬һǿĶ֡
š
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ڰԤıʲôһѾ͸Ÿ߲΢ɲľٶж˳Ҫʲôû֪߸ǲ²
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ſҲʿڵŷΣֻ΢˼һ£ûʲô
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ǵģ﴿һɵĽûоԵıϣиŸֵ壬˵ˣֻҪû˱ǿͷЩŸֶ֡


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һֵĶԾ֮ʤ߽ͳһٽгǩȡֶԾ֡
ѭֱӢŰϵȫ
ߵڽʢ֮ǰ⽻ȻЩܹʱսװʲôģʢ̨ȶֹ䵤ҩӦãϾҲսʵ;һ֡
ฮó䣬ฮһͨͷɴ˿ɼӳսǲСģ̶ܴܹһǬҪá
Ǿ߱ɱķ仹ܹ˲޸Ļ;ĵҩĳгϣЩʿ˵ھһֶΣ˭ֻ׵תֳȥ
ԭʿʵǸƷҪѴʱ棬ǰоҩͷ佫ΪµĻͻ֣ᷢȻǶĳһһЩļᣬȴûʵȥʩչȥá
κһоҩ߷ʿ˵һ硣
ѵ˵ԼѪĳɹˣЦɽɴһǿʳ磡
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ӷ񱼷ŵĺ׵ʵĳȹٵָȵȣÿһ˵ϾޣǶضЧãѰ˼ֻװô򵥡
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ϰɨ˼ۣߵĿ䵽Ԧħ棬Ϊóͳ֮ʿ¿ƺԦһ֪Ĳࡣ
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67 ޹ǵ
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ȻһԵĬһ֣ǾѾ׼ãʱûֵˣȻҪӵϣȫ˼ԥġ
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սĽܿ죬˫ȭŲ仯ѰҶԷͬʱһǿӲ̬ͶԷһӲӲ
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ȻŮһ
Ҳ˼ˣײȭͷ͸޻һĸоŮ˵ȭͷ
оֵǿƣѹûк˵˼ֱӺ߶ƴ

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и̣߲˿УղֻǶԷ˵ϹѾЩ޷ӦˣʱټһԶɱľѻ֣ؼʱһǵҪġ
缸ˣ
ų׳һкһһȦɫĹгǰһ£ֱӳϡ
࣡
ٴˣǸ߿ƼϷʱˢǿӢֲеĳ档
ߣȻǲˣ˲˵һ߿ɻ߸ǴѽѷأԼ߾ܹˣǻҪ
š
ŮƺĴߵʱǿֹ˴顣
ͷ㲻ĴСӵɣ
һƤ׾꣬ŮֹǵĽЩɻʡ
ǶҪ
Ů˵һ䣬ǰƲ˵Ҫߵˡ
ߵû뵽ŮĻӦ¿Ȼľôѡ˵ķʽȻʮ⣬ԷӦ˵ҲһܹİϾԷʮ֮˾ŵǳϵĶġ
ʤˣǲǾͲ鷳
߿ǰѾ𳤵Ůӣʡ
Ҳ
ǵ׸ʲôôֵô
ǺԼ
ʲôԼ
㲻֪
ˢ
ŮӲ˵ֱӳ

ۿ̸Ҳֻ˶ˣһһսܱȺŹʤһ㣬˵ˣȴʮĹһʲôӻδ֪ء
뵽Ҳ糤һ٣ֱӾһٽ
͵ڿײƵ˾Ѿ̱ƽ
ԷȻṳ̂죬ôϵƺƻʮԵģýȻڻӳһ֮󣬾ѡͼѸԷĺġ
ŮҲ˲ߵͼȻߵóѣۿԼĲƽ̤һ󿪴֮±Хӿȥ
ʮݺύĵ׷ߵ·⼫̵ʱŮҲ˿ûͣͣ˫һšһɫϢ̲档
ʮ
߿ŮնеƬɫȻһ˲γһССĵС
շĺŮһǰĵŵеն¡
ͻĵ·ŮӵĵֻѸٻˣǺŮƺȫƺһ㣬߻˵ķһ
һļ׼кݣԿŮս顣ôһôĥ³еսġ
˼һ˲֮ԺѾɹͷɲǼö⣬罣Ȼת£ͬʱųһһѪǰ˿Ѹӿ
ѪӰգ֮ʩչ߻һѪɫӰ̤̤̤Ӳڵȫص˲䣬˹Χ
䣡
еǿƬȴŮӵֳѾٶϮ


70 Ѫս
ѪΪۣǶ˶ԷһԷĹһ͵ΪֹѪӰٶȶ㿪˲䣬Ѿ˷׼
Ȼ̳֮УȳǰģȻǺŮӵѩ档
Ůӵĵ棬·ʱʱ̶̿׼ߵĶƵģغѾȫߴĽ֮С
ҪǶԷߵһûսͷ࣬ǿɾʹشˡ
˵ߵʵսͳϵ˱ȣҪḻĶࡣ
ڰս࣬߿ĸӾ
ˢ
һһӳֱÿ棬ȴǲ˷ֱ
һĲ࣬ѪӰĸһεĻҪ죬Ҫ׼
飬Ѫ֧ţ
ƶͬʱ߾Ȼ鷢Ԯ
ȻһһĵߺԼ䡣
ӮЩʣʱҲںˡ
ֻӮаȻĻᡣ
ߵһѪɫĵҩӽָ˳ץסɿȥ
ǵھɽúߵѪĵҩȻ֪ʲô֣ǵ̺Ѫ֮쳣ǿ
һ¶ǣ߾͸оһĪ궯˲˶ЩѪϢѪȵζ
Ѫ֮£ߵٶȶȻ˲ֹһ
ѪӰһŽа֮ⷨţѪ֮Ϊ֮ԴѪӰﵽһľǶôֲٶȡ
ߵı仯ŮȫʱҲǾȲѣоΧѪ̲סħʿ
ħΣ
Ҳֱ磬ŲŲ֮ѪʤͬʱгѾ
ʱȻ߶˿ѪΪ˷ûʩչѪĿǰΪǿѪն
ԣڲͻķ϶߷ɿĴ̳߽
ߵڿһſȻѸٱϣٽӰɡ
߽裬̺صٽĽſɱ˺Ů岽֮ڡ
岽֮ڣѾǽˡ
һ׽Է´ϢĻᣬֱٶȻӽˢˢˢգ֮ߵɳ
ٽ󣬰׻Ӱ
һ֮䣬ֽ
䣡
ŮӵķӦҲǿľˣߴ˲䣬ѾɵڿնӰٴƮڵͿ֮ϡ
žͿŮӵ᳤ֵڿһתһʮȵԲε֡
ܹڿն˲һԲεǿ˵׾٣ǷŵʿϣǾþ޶ˡ
ºŮڵͿ֮⾪޵һ֮Ȼûֹͣ˼׹˲˫ֽճٴʮֽĵȻǶǰԲε롣
ʮֻƣ
Ů˲䣬гȻһߣΧĵһȦɨ
һΣӳĵȥǴӵڵһǺڵͿӵĵȦңңӦ
Ůһиɾ䣬ն𵽽棬ҲǼգ۵Ĺ򣬾Ȼܹ׼ôͷţѾüõˡ
ȻκεĻᣬۿźŮӷѾ˫ս޷˵ǰ̤һ
ͬʱѩĽϣѪʼۡ
вϴ໥ײŮӵʮֻնߵٽ˾ҵײʵĴس嵴Ű˳裬ƮƮ
磬ͷЩûôˣ˵᲻ܿģ
߹սУСʱЩĽĿ˺ս
Ͳ룬ͷҪˣǲѪ޹顣
Ŵӵ׳СһۣûдںŮӿĲĵ⣬ֻǹעһĽ
ûϵˣͷˣҲûӦ߰Сƺ⡣
˵С壬˼άܲܲһɣ
Ա޵ĸ߸ͬСһۣƺǻ۵ĿȫϿɡ
Ϊʲô
СƵͷЩԣĲףղ̸۵ƺʲô̵Ķ
ɵӣҪͷ򲻹ܴ
ӵ׳޲һӰСˡ
ǣھȥæ
СЩû˵
ΪԼһֻĳЦ˭֪⻰һӵĴ󺺵һĴȣãⲻϣ
ƣҪȥ𾪵ķ֣սһѾһĺڸˣֻԼӰɣֲ嵽˭˭
һʱ֮䣬ûѡ׼Ŀꡣ
Ѫն
ѪգѪ
ߵǿһŨѪ֧£ǿһⳡս߳
Ѫս߶ⳡսΪֱ۵ʶ
ûѪҩⳡһһĵԼûлᡣԼܹ׽ʤȴʵƣ޷Զ϶ŮӵʵԷ绪Ļǰٷ֮ٵʤ
ŨѪߵһΧĿռȾ˼£Ľ£·ڿ̻һѪΪֻص

һ̶ײĤĽײѪ֮д˳
ţ㿴ŮӵӰȴѪ֮еɶ
ۣ
ڷɳ˲䣬Ůɫһ䣬һҺ塣
ܵˣ³ȻѪǴʱŮ³ȴʺѪҺǵ֮мŽɫѪҺ
ڽӵѪҺ˲䣬ŮһǰһĨʱеѪĨȥ
ŵŵţ
ŮӲȶסΣᣬȻֻ̬ʱɫԲ԰ࡣ
Ҳ˲ñˣֻĪվںŮЩֵǰûɢѪ
ǵͷˣһûй飡
Ӯˡ
ŮѪ֮¶һؽ棬˵
ǿ
ֻѪ֮нһΧѪ˲ɢ¶˱ֱվߡ
ֳֽվš
ȷŮĺǿʵŵڣȫи֣ǿߣҲһĶ֡
˭ΪĲͷҡ
Ҳĵȥ˵ģҲ֪Էͬ⣬ɴҲͲᡣ
ŮӳĬһڿڵɱǳ˽Ӷӡ
֣ɽҲݣɱǳǣְճ˵ôܳСطģȴƫƫˣ⵽ô£
ǵɱǳǵӶ
߻ȷһ£ǲǶԷźŮӵĵͷҲ֪ҪȷʲôˣŮӵսͲһŮˡ
ܷǵĶ˭
ܡ
ԭΪǵĶһڣȻţǾƾŵݣûʸ붯ɱǳǵӶ


71 Χɱ
һһĵӮ˽ӶӵĽɱȻûаȻ
ɱǳΪĴڣŷͬһߵû˸Сɱǳеκһ֧Ӷ飬ֻһˣҲͬ˿ֲζ
ΪɱǳǳƵĴߡκιǲŽᣬʱụɱΪˣɱǳǵŻԶ
˵һǸûб̵ɵģɱǳȴƫƫ
ԭֻһǿ
ɱǳǵӶʵӶҲԼΪִŵҫҲ޹ʻԼ
Ҳµĵ飬˽ӶӵĶӳǾͻ
ͷϢƬֵ̣
֮ɫ׵Ķӳ˫Ŀ¶׹⣬ٴεԼӣ𳤹̤ĳ˳
Ůû˵ֻǾĿԶ̽վߣ˫֮ûһ˿Ĳ
Ĭ󺺳˲䣬µĸ˶ѾɿĴӲͬĽǶȽϣչٶȺΧ
Χɱ̹˵ģ¿ڣ޲ҪԼһȻԭء
ֽ糤ǰ߿ʼѸٺˡ
ǿŵҩѪۻ룬ȻղʩչһǿıѪնȻоڵѪŨۺҲѪӰʩչ߾磬֮ѪɫĲӰ
Сӣ
ֲһȣ֮нһ˲֮侹Ȼһɶߣͬʱ߾٣׼ǰеȥ·ݺݵĲȥ
ݣԸߣȻǺǴʱȴѾ˵һ󺺡
Ȼʱȴԭ޵ĸ߸ӺȻǰһȻһȻֱӲ˰ĵ󺺡
壡
߸һͳĺȺϵһӨӨĹâͬʱȦסֱ̧
߸еƺصڹŴ󺺵˲䣬âţŸ߸ӷ裬ͿĴ󺺱նֱӳȥ
٣
ڿеĴҲ˿ûţһƺߣдֱͦͦľ´ȥ
һֱŽˣСճһʱҲӿĲ׼ʱΧɱĽࡣ
󺺽²̤һĲӣٶԼӿ죬г𣬽һߵԭΪһĳȻһжϿ뿪Ѹٷɳסһ
СߣѾ׼ȷĶ׼һ
˳ΧֻǶݵĹ򣬵ǴʱߣȻѾ汻ΧһֱǰôͻᱻĴ󺺵סҵ
ҵͻƿڱСͷ׷档
ҪѰҵͻƿڣ˲жһƣȻתгתֱӴȥҪϴӺ׷ɽ档
ڳתͬʱߵѾսȭͷ֮Ϻâ֡
۽ǵⲻϵעΧһжû˿ܹڼ޵ʱһεĺΧʤĻͻϲ١

ߵٶվǱȴϷɹһ˿һ׹ص󺺵ıȼͬʱ
͸۾⣬˴еĳڵһȻԲ˵һǺɨ
ʱ󺺣Ѿվߵǰռ˾޴ơĳ֣޷ֱжߵǰʱҲڷٱƽ
ǰǣƣѾ޷С
ǰƣ߹ϵѡһ̳ȥĳ׼ȷĵ˴Ϯϡ
һ߲ûʹȣҲûȫβ泹׵̵һȴʮЧ谭ٶȣһ¡
䣡
ͬʱߵȭڻӳ
һȭȭհ壬֮ŭ
̺ϵһȭֱӺ޻ڵĺ˴档
޴ͷӰٴγ֣һεͷøӿֲ˫ĿѪ죬ɭɭѪ֮иɴ˵Ѫ鲻ϵ¡
ʲô
֮УΧԶС壬ʱȴסԼ𾪡
Ǹ޴ͷǴģôֻ֣ķСӵȭͷ
ۿűΧס߾ҪͻƳȥСҲ˲ôˣֱӽɿһת׼ָ࣬һˢһһ֧˸ںХķߡ
ɵҲɣսһȭƸ𣬼þգͬʱֳջأƴһұкĳȻ͵һֱӴ˷ұ߿յ˳ȥ
˵İΧȴûԶ룬ֻԭתг˷ˢ
Űַֻ֮»᣿
ǧ֮²Ȼ˵ʲôҲŹġԷȻܹһκΧôеڶΣһƾμͻŵõ˳ȥĿյǵڶξͲôˡ
ͻΧֻ岽¾ľ󺺣ľ룬ҶԷַгһһβǽǴĳֱ̳ӹ󺺡
û˸߸޵󺺵ٶȲ죬ѪӰ壬һڵʯ֮䣬ʹ̽󺺵䡣
ۣ
һ̽Ѫ󺺸ߴȻһ£˿˿ʹȴȻǿĽг߾٣ߵͷȥ
һ֣֪˾㲻ҲѾǿ֮ĩپ
Ŀ죬յĸ죬޴ĹµʱѾ
޴ϣһۼ
ش֮£ҲֻǿһۿԼһȻûлж֣һ̱ȥ
磡
˿ߴ˵أ׷׷Ѹ˹ȥ
Χɱ飬ǵеĴ磬ˣĸ˶˲ûս˼
ս
صĴ󺺿ĸ˷׷ײһжΪʹŤϺȻ¶ŭ£ȴֻǼѵ³һ֡
һһ֮Ҳֹͣ˹ԶԶվһߡ
Ǳߺ˲ݵ߸˴ʱҵ϶Ʋ˶֣߷ɱˣȻܹЩڷɱͬʱȻʱкΧ͡
סְɡ
ʱսһֱĬŮӶӳ˹ֹѾ۵ļˡ
ǰ˼һֱߵǰλãɫȻЩ԰ף˫ȴ˸Ÿӵɫ
ϣгһգɱǳǼ


72 ص
һ˻صڵʱɫѾˡһɱжЩʹ죬ڻ·ϣҲԼ˵˸߰˰ˣֻûаѸΪԶһ˵ϾֻߵƲ⣬һݶûС
໥֮󣬸Իס
߽ʵ۵˼㣬һԼļսս֮̾뵽ޱߵƣС
Ѫǿ󲻼٣Ŀǰ״ǸûȫԦʵ
һ棬ƵĵҩƺԼεʵƵģߺʵǿзã˲ٵķɺ
ЩУʱֵΪԵһ㣬ܹоԼڵѪҺԴʼò궯ƺһĪǣҪ
ս֮ƣۼϲ궯ѪߴʱȻһֻ㱵ĸо˵ʹ࣬ǸоԵ̸˷ܣƺܲƽ
һνǼ׿ս߼ɽͼδκεĲƺޱߵĳ˯һ֮Щʧ
޵ĥɱӵĴΪֱӵͶιԪЩƺǼɽͼǱصֱ;ȴƫƫָߴٵľϲԭɽͼ˴ĶٶģˣɽͼĲٴλָ״̬
ǸŮģ񷣵ζͻȻ˵
ҹߵסϲҲûҪһֱڽָˡʱԱߵһС档
Ǹ
ȻѾ϶˵ǸŮһǰ˽Ӷӳʶһ¡
ǵġ
ͷ˵
ɻʣ񷣣ʲô˼
һĻش͸ɴˣֱ˵˶Էأˡ
壿
塭
߿ʼڼ亣ļ൱ӴϢǺ̺ҲΪÿÿһʱ򣬶ôһ˿ӡ󣬵ҪȷȴҪһʱ˼ݡ
壡
ȥߺȻһֲ˼Ŀ˵˳Ȼ֣ת˵һС
ϳˣһ֮顣
֮ҲڴӺ̺ļѰ˹˵һЩϢ
壬ӵĴڣǼǺһ߸ϣ
һѲصʱ֮ˣϵȨҫǸ߰ѲأǵĹ켣̤Ĳ׺Ǹʱÿһ˶޾ҫͻԻ͡
ǸʱȴĽˣѲصʱ˾𵶷淴һ̣׵Ľˡ
Կս޴֪һ˽ӽս˵ʧܶա
췴ѵձµǱ޾ӡȫҫԨֻ֮ޱߵĥʱ޿̶Ƿߵ³
Ӻ嫵ϢУߵõһǣ˲ܳĴϡ
˵ûлƺļ亣Уûй˱֮ȥ˴µԨƺһš
˾ס
˽˹˵һЩϢ֮ʡ
ʱҲɻ󣬼Ȼ˵˲ܳϣ֪˵أ
ӦңԶıɣӵңԶƺѩء
ѩأ
ĿǰĴʶƺǾ֮Χķϡ
޶ᰡ᰷ֱλ֮Ķ࣬Ȼбǣл֮ڴķ죬Ѿ˽ʮϡˡ
֮ģԭΪ̺ļ⣬С
˵ıѩأãҲֻܵõ޼ĽܡνıѩڱǵıоסޣԼ֮ǻ塣
йرѩصѶϢУȴƵƵᵽ˶رǡ
޵ķػõĹڱǵĳƺ
ĻشϿȻҲ֪˵סʲôط
ô֪أ
񷣵Ϣ䣬ܵ񷣵ĸţ̶ѪĶ֡˵ĺܸɴ࣬һ
ǸŮӵĵ߿̹ˣһǿ󣬼ֱǿֲ
ͬṳ̂죬ԶԷʱԼֻѪѪǿ󱬷ܹܣԷƫƫܵ䣬޷ӣ
˵жǿ
ߴʱöۣȻܵ䣬ǾˣȻžʿ޷Խ츳ˣֲʲô̶ȣ
ͨʿս죬ѻʯŵ˵¾ǳԷˮļ򵥡
һֱΪʿ̤죬һ죬ʵֱͨȻܹЦһֻôһˣͳ׽ֲͷ
Ȼ磬ͬǰ磬ʿУκ˼άκʱб߸Ŀܡ
˾ûа취𣿡
ʣȻѾˣѰҷ䣬ƺʲô
ǲܵģοҲҡ
ȷһ¾ˣˣѾ״ԨѾԶҫĶˣӽĿܶûУǵʵѾʣ޼Ž䣬
˵ˣǸðȥ
һ˽䣬ôҪٵıȻŭ𣬵ǿޱߵвŭ֮´͸ܡ
ҲȥЩϾǱıǻǸһıѩأ˵ûжջЩطȻ컻ĵرҪ̳ʲôΣ˷ʱ䡣
ǲ鲻룬˵ĳ֣ǶЩߺġ
Щп˵˵ֻһ֣˲ܳϣ
Ϊʲôô϶Ȼ޴֪֪ǣνĲѾ˿ܣѾϣ
Ҫˣ˺ûľǹףԵ塣
һֱ˼˵⣬׳һ˵֪ʶ
Ե壬䣬Ҳڶ˵ǿһĽɣϾǺйصģȻ
һļָ˲٣Ѿȫںϵ˵˼άȥ̸ֹҲûʲô׵ĵط¾ȺУһ¼Щ˵ĺ֮⣬Ǻûһ
ΨһͷʹǣʼɢһսָԽԽǿֱߣ߾ܸоһΧ
鿴һߺȻһǸӽԦħ


73 ʢ
ʱ䣬ɿĹˡ
ǱŵӾеĽʢῪʼӣŵǶʵʵĴڸԵԺУƽ߶ЩǶèʱĥһǹ
ҹʱڴгˡ
֮ûֱӻȥϢ̱ߵס
ʱȻһƣȴڲסе˷ܣͻˣ
еԭ츳޵٣ֱӽأĳɼԼ𾪲ѡ
ԼǲΣȻ˹ͷʿŵﶼһĴڡ
Ҳˡ
ԭźúõҫһģƿߵķʱȴֻǼ򵥵˵ôһ䡣
ΪͻȻ֣Լɼֵҫ
ԼǰˣڽڵʱֻпĺأȴѾһأΪ˰ֻ̤ˡ
ǿأ˼㣿
΢΢һЦˡ
ʮ㡣
Ѿƽ̸һˣΪ֣ԼĽߣǻɶҲ̸ϡ
˼ҵһδֱӴʮ˲㣬ԼֻǸʮ㡣Ȼ֪ʮԺ˵ѾһԽĳɼƫƫڶж츳жô˵ʱ򣬲Ȼô
еŶЦЦ˵һ䣬ȻȥϢɣɾҪ̨ˣɲܶҪ
ţ
ÿ϶˵
ҲúõϢһˣѪķɺһֱѪôƽһϣ״̬С
УμӽʢɲǸԺҪĸ࣬ԪͳͳҪǵһھǸ
֮Ҫĺܶ࣬͸ǰһģһɱֵ۷壬ȴҪһδεս۷ͻ۷壬ںڰļˣȴһδεȥΪڰıصش
Ϊ֪һжûоͷģģõģԶԶΪһԶ޷ģһű޷ġ
磬̤ãã磬ǴӸ߿Ƽǹе̺ķִָͨһеδͣЪ
һִߵѾΪһֱܣҪȥԼΪʲôôΪӦô
½УִȫΪһ㣬Ǿ
ǿܹƿһУɱתҪģƿһУ
һŶģʢǰһϣ˯ޱȳ˯ǰδе
˯УٴοǸӰӣͬǣһеӰӣƺø
峿һƳ⴩䵽ߴǰʱȻ˹
ǽʢῪʼӣŵĹ涨ԺԺҪŲμʢĵǰ̿ճǹ㳡ϾۼԺִгǩȡҪԵĶ֡
ڵĹ㳡Ҳʶ硣ڵ֮Уһжʮ߸ԺܹŵӼǧˣмʮ޴̨㳡Ҳޱȣȫܹ¡
Щǰۿġǣɾ͸ӵϡˡ
żһ緹ŲĳŴŷȥ
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Ŵ㳡ϲϵӿȥԺ߰˸˼˲ͱûˡ
Ժ˵ڽʢԺѾϰΪˡǵļУԺƺһ㡣
ʢ̨Ժʸ̤ϵģ
УͷŵӵԺѾٹ̡ʱڲӿ㳡Уżôע⵽Ժ־ŵӣᾪȵĶעӼۡ
һһȵĽʢᣬŵ˵һĪԾƽʱٻһЩҲĳ㳡̨ǰ
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㳡ϵĸԺǶϸĵѰԼԺϯλǺܿǾͷһ겻ͬ顣
ĳһλȻԺϯλ
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ԺôˣܿľȫԱλˡ
ʱǰϾһȻЩʱʱĻͷһȷλ˻᲻Ժ
ϾһÿһʣǷɿĸ϶Ĵ𰸡
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ѾңңĿԶԺڼԷ绪߲ϵĳţʮĲм
Ͼһͬʱ򣬾ȻʮŵЦһָϾһһ¡
ߣ
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һߵûע⣬Ǵʱһ߼ʮ׿ϯλԺĵ
ԺôһȣԺߵҪຮ׾жຮףȻλŵıȽ϶࣬ǾôָͷĹļˣĵ㡣
Ӵû뵽Ժðء
˵ԺĴʦϣò˵ĵȷȴһѾͷһ̲סҪЦĳ嶯
ǰЩӳſеʱҲʹˣеĶЧ⣬ǸɴĻشֻҪԸĻԶǸӣ
ҿ
ʱôһ𸴣ʵһǧ񱼵Ĵ֮Уôô˲ô
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ϾһռͷϵıˣϿɾͲôˡ
·ʲôʧһ㣬ЩԺеǺһͨܣ˳¨Ӳ˵ƫƫûµ֡
ӣԺж󷴳ٶѾһȷĶ壬ĳݵҶˣ
ȻֻһЦÿÿôĻжŭǷԺееӣʱڿν겻
ô
˵䣬ϸվϾһ
Ժ֮ľҲͼʮףϲӲ죬Ժ˶֪ʢ̨ûʼϾѾȲԺ鷳ˡ


74 ǵ
ʱϵķֻҪԺĵӣĸ֪
ʱϾȻĵȥϾһ鷳ֺǺǵĿЦԺôСèСֻӣμ˽ʢᣬҲƲʲôˡ
һϳԼ߹Ͼһ֪߰ûߵŮѾѹֲסԼеİˣȻ֪״̬Ҫ֪ĻҲһ̲סҪЦһ
ϧϾһ֪Կϳʱ
ԺûǿⱾһ޴Ӳˣ̨ûпʼϾѾĿŵˣǲԺŵ
ʲô˼б̨Ͻ
ϾһȻʱ鸴ӣΪԺĴʦ֣ȴҪ侲Ӧе̬ȣֲ̤ʽƣʧΪҪġ
̨
վھϾһʮĵطĵЦ
ȻϾһ֮еĵλԼԺʦͬһϣûаϾһ
ŵĴ˵սԲôֶνԺ
˼ͬڱ֮бһʮص飬ϲ£һԺû켶Ժĸڱ֮еλȻıӻԭŸ߰ϸӵ޿֡
ҲԤϣһԭܹȻ󲨵¼ȴǲ֮
ԣԼޱȵƺͺܣ̨ûпʼ֮ǰҪٸԺһԶ̧ͷ
Ȼ⵱ҲԹԹԴȻǿǰƻľͨˡ
ϵ̨𣿡
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ȻܣŮˣʦ㣬һú
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˵仰ʱϸĵ˶֣ᷢϾһ۾֮Ѿһ˿Ѫ졣
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һսǶô顣
ˣǱֱӻɱˣǱ
Ӹ𴺳ɿУߵ֪óʱ仰֮ڵһս߲öӴ⣬ƺѾ֪˴š
µϣʮֵĴûԼƵĳԣҪԺԶ̧ͷԶ
Ծղ˵úҲ¶ŭı飬ΪֻҪԼһԷŭôԼļƻˡ
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ȻϵĻ״ʹϾһΪԺĴʦ֣ĬԶ޷޳ʹ޷ĨȥӰ
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ô˵ĿɶʵŶ
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ϾһʱȻŭޱȣȴ֪˵ЩʲôܵĻ޷˵ĳȥЫŮ˳˺飬ⲻܡ
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Ͼһϵֱ۶Ĳһ£оԼҪŲסˡ
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һûΪ˻ִ֪Ĵĺ壬Ŀɿڴɻֲһ䣺ǸҲ湻ݵģ˵ǲǡ
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⻰˵Уõ̼ģֻǰһ
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ŭת𣬽ƶ׼ߡ
˭Ҫ̫ûޣ޳ܵ˼㣬ϽȥŴ̨ҪȻڵġ
ȻŭգȴƺϾӣƤ̧ߣ˵ĺ⡣
ڣߣ
ЩͲסˣԼռϷ磬С˵ʵϬɲʹ飬ŪԼͷġ
ҿԺеСϣҲǷһΪһ̨ܹˣ֪ߵغķ
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ߵȻȫӣʱȴѵõ̧ͷ˿治ɫϣЦģ˻ңΪӣǻȥɡ
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Сǳĳָȥɴ಻棿
ǣֶζԸϣǵһǵѡ񰡣
ʱԺڶǣڿϷ֮࿪ʼĬĬΪˣڲ֮󲻻ƨŵһȦ
ڣǺǣʲôҺڵ˵ҿ
ϴʱҲΪȥͨʱЦѣԽˡ
ƿڣ㻹˵㣡š
ϻⲻˣߵʮ˸Ƶ˵Żǵֵ¶ɣ
֣
ԭȲʤȯһ˲׺䶥


75 Ҫһ
֣˵ֱجΡ
جλҪֲ֣Ѿ֪ٴڲǼı󵽵ײŸʲôĴأʮأǳԽĴڣ
ʮصǿ߱ڿܻУǳԽ쾳ǿߣھûУ
ºҲδһûʲô·̿ճǣרŵҸϸһ±صϹŶ׵ʲôľ硣
ǽȴʧǱµϹŶ٣ǳǵ˱ΣڵϦʱǾԲ׳ֵġ
˵ĵ󱲿ЦȻ˵ĹЩ˲ݣЩŵһλϹŶ˿ֻСΪˡ
˵ʲô
ֵʱ򣬶ʱңһ˫۾мҪ
ǺǣְȰһ䣬һοҪҸû˵ĵط
߲㳲ģϵı鵹γɾ޴ķ
ڳԺļˣʱĪ֣ͨˣڱ֮Уֵĵطֻһƫƫ˵ֵʱƺֱӴϵϡ
㣡
ֵˣҧȴʼ˵һ
˶Կʱ嶼΢΢Ĳţ·ܵĪĴ̼ʹһ
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Ůò̵ֶλĥ߶һĺøжûУĳƯôˣĺ
ЫŮˣǣҲۿһۣ
㣡ɱ㣡
ʱϣг޵Ŀ־ŭԼСǰѾܿԣ鲻ЩǴҪˣؼǣСȫ֪з飡
ʱǳ׵ʧˣһ˫ʮָȻſ緢ߣ

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Ŷǰʮ𣿡
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һѰĻشߵʮֿŵĴЦ


76 
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ߴӦһЦ˺ü˵û뵽˾ȻΨһ͵Ժ
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ĪЦţŵͻȻЩŵ˵֡
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߲֪һ˲ŤͷԺļɨһȦ˵ǵĸģ

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ʱ˿̣ԺеԺǶ˼⣬ǿԭݵĸһԺͻȻֱֵ֮ӳ˾ްԡ
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ִ̫죬ȻҲԺȥˣ
ʱŵĹ㳡ϣһشС°͡


77 ˾
ִ̫ŷɽˣȥעԺĵǣʵԺĽʺޣԸӡ
أپҲûá
̫Ժϯλǰһ仰û˵һ˸СӾôȥ
ǿߵȻǲûɵģʱԺԺڽʱﶼޱȵʵԺ߿һۡ
ˣʱʱϼ޹ʹĻ
Ͼһ߿νǳ׵ĳ˶ˣǰǰķʵеһʱ֮侹ȻûӦ˸λڵһ
߹һ£ԼŵӰɣǼ͵ķΧ£ʢʢĵһڿʼ
ʢĵһڣȻǸԺĴӴʦǴԺϯǰ漴ȡ̨źͶ֡
ǰԺǲμӵģöʮԺֳʮ顣ǽ겻ͬˣԺμӽĿͱ˵Ծ򵥵ֹһֽһԺֿա
ǩܿϣֻϾһ̨źͶֵ߻ʱɫЩôȻ
ǾԺ
Ͼһ˵ţдԺľŶơ
ԺһһӢŰϵĵھλ˾ߵȻҲǰ˾һЩ˽⣬ʵ벻һֵ̨ˡ
˾ʵжǿĿǰҲֻһģĸǼȻ鵽ˣҪȫĵȥӦԡ
ǩ֮аСʱ׼ʱ䣬ͽʢ̨ϸ˵һ顣
ʢ̨ܼ򵥣Ժ̨֮ޣֻҪԸⳢԣܹһֱȥսʤһʤһ֡
ӵѡɸԺǰһӽֱȥʱɸ̨ĸһȷ㲻ܸġ
СӣһˣҿŶ
Щİѽʢ̨˵һ£ߣֱӷˡ
ΪʲôͻԺߣҲֻԼˡ
ΪͷֹһεƼߣɺܼ򵥣ǾС̫춼ʮֿõˣûǸϲ
ԣҲˡȻˣȻҪһʱ俴СӵֺԣؼһҪСû츳
ֻҪ츳ô;߱˳ΪӵıҪϾ֮Ҳʮֺʱ飬һʱ䶼ﻹʱо
ǷʷʵߺȻãӵĵЩˮ档
ɡ
̫Ҳڿˣ˵Ҳ뿴һߵʵΣȻ֪һԽЩ츳ΪǸϲĵĻǰ״
ãôҾͻһǸʲô˾Ҳúɵ㡣
߿ƴȻĻʱ⵽˵ĬĬӡ
ȷڵһغ˾

Ժȷ˵һغϵѡֱ̫ͨķʽ̨̨֪ĲСһṦ򣬾ԺҲȷѡ
ʮӹȥ׼ʱ죬пʼ̨
Ժ˾Ժߣ̨
ã⻹汻˵ˣĶֹȻ˾һӢŰĵھλ
˶ЩŵӣߵǴЦЦ˵һ㣬Ȼˡ
˵ֱӴǵ̤Ժϯλ̨ߡ
̨ͬʱԺǱߣҲϯλվһŮӣȹҡڲ翣Ϣһȥ֪ǸΪĸ֡
ʦͣ
ʦͣ
˾߳ϯλľԺǶź
һȣǿɶЩ䳡ˣԺôˣָͷ˺ƺĴУҲ
ۿŶ˾ߵ̨ǰڵһ㣬ƮƮԾ̨ϣߵǹĺܣһһߵ̨ǰ棬ȻȻĿ֮·Ƶȥ

ȣС졣
ʮֲҪֱûʾԼеĲ
˸߸ߵ̨߻޵·ϵĳ̧ͷȥ˾
һ˰ôܻʦĶ֣
Ǿǣ湻ģ̨ȥ

ߵľٶĿõģ߾ԺĵǶСʲôľļ£ɵһͿȵȵȵȣһʱ֮ԺĵĲɶ֪һΡ
̨ĲǸһ꺺ӣӦò쾳磬վڲеרϯλϣȴĪ
ʱлû俪ʼߵǺʱĽȥ۲һ˾
ŮȻ˵о޵ԲԲӣССڵĶ쳣£һȥһĿĸо
ԣʵĻ˾ƺ֮ϡ
ȥܸ˭
һھôһ仰Щŵζ
ȺԺ䣬ģ
˾ֵĺ侲һôһʱ˵⣬ȴʮĻشˡ
ʦҾͻһ
Це˵Ȼֵأʦء
Ȼˣпء
˾ϾǲμӹʢҽӢŰĸ֣侲Ȼǲ˵ˣƵ٩һĻҲȫϡ
ʦһνʢĿʲô
߸ɴֳˣҲûʼύһҲ
ֻҪԪ
˾ֱӣҲûбҪƭߣںѾһˣм䳢Թζ޷ɹһνʢᣬʲôεأֻҪܹõԪкܴĻ̤졣
һ̤죬ӢŰİ񵥶˵ѾǸˡ
¶һظ̬ûãûźһ
˾ɫһͣ˵ʲôпڵ˫׼̨ʼ
߸һų˾һȥֱӺ롣

Ѿʼˡ
ȻҲ֪е£֮˫ԿʼԹ
˾ʮѡ룬⵹ǲŲæˣȻԷ˾룬ûҪˣһԼЩ΢Сƴڡ

һ
Ծûлڵͨƴûǿ󷨱ײ𺳳棬ϻͱԾһûг£Ǳ˾ѴĨһˮɫ峺Ľ
ˮ£ߵһͬΪƷˮ֮ϻֶ÷Ƕȥһͨɴ˿ɼͬΪƷߵƺˮҪôһ㡣
ϾԾ֮УͻȻһͨȫֱӵ߸ս֡
׼׼ͷŶˮն
ֽ֣߳÷ͬʱȻֱӿڴԷͨˡ
ˢ
⣬˾Ȼشֱˮ³һӰζȷ˹
׷ҫ


78 ߵ޵нȭ
˾ڵľԺڱ֮пνǷͷһԺˣȥһ˵ŵ㳬ɾ˽ʢĵһ̤죬ΪžӢЩӢŰո¶ͷǵĵǾסջֱ뿪ԺڱڸźܺõĿڱ˵ΪԺص˾Ȼ
˾õˮ½ľԺ֮ʱһ֮еõģȻƷײߣǵ̺˼ͨȴѵһһϡеƷȥ˾ýʢھ֮Ͱˮ½ͬһˮ½һڸ˾
һ֮У˾ȫ˼ˮ½棬Ȼ˵ˮ½ǿģǺʿܹͬΪͽ׵ˮ½ͽ׵ˮ½ҪԪ֧ţԺ֮սĪĺô
Ͼٵͽ׵ˮ½Ѿ콣ĳΡ
ʱ˾зˮ½ɫˮ½ߵǰγһܲ͸Ľ
ˮ½ŨˮϢ˲̨ӿΧ¶ȶһ½˲١
ĽȻѡӲֱʩչ̫ŲѸٶ罣Ҳͬʱһٽͼ˺˾µĽ
˾ĲҲͬ죬óҲһŽΪϳ˵ķţƵ˸֮鶯ĺڷ衣
ˮ½ɵĽָ£ȻߺΧȥ
һͿԿ˾ˮ½ĿѾСгɾͣһﵽ쾳磬ˮ½ĲȻһ㣬ʱˮ½֣ȫԳԽκγǿߡ
˾񲽷ͬҲǽǳȻ˵˾ʵʵȻǺ۷壬ƾˮ½ּ϶ˮ½򣬿˵Ѿվ˺ʿĶˡ
˿ΪֻǰͰĴ߶̫Ų罣
˾ǫ̂Ͻţԭǿֵ˶ЩʧԺ;ԺȽϹע֮⣬û˽Ŀŵˡ
ٿԺߣѾ̲סʼǷˡ
ԭǺܺģȻͷ˵ƼСһһЩ֮¿˱ȽϽ֮⵹ûɶ㣬ɵЩʧֻˣܲ˼һ̨ûͿҲ˵ȥ
Ĳɵ˯ѵĶС棬Ҳ֪ܵĳȥˡ
̨ϣߺ˾ĽûΪڵ䳡仯ǶȫĵͶš
Եһŷḻ̨飬дֵĺ۷壬˵ʲôҲá˾ĶŵУҲѸٷȻǻʵˣǶսȴİ˵սϵ
Ȼ벻ָоΪʲôһŵŵϣǴʱ˿Եȴʵ
ֶԷķôܣԼк֣ȴƵƵҲѻᡣ
˾Ĵ˼ˮ½߻֮󣬾սһ߷߿ܵ͵ϮһѰͻƿڡ
ˢ
˾ҵһ߲¶ʱɵĻӽ̳
ֻǺܼ򵥸ɴһûиˮ½ļԣȴǳֻоһɲ֮һˮɫĽѾ˸ǰ

Ȼ˾Ĺóѣ罣һתƫеײˮ½ϣ˫໥ײһ
һδ֣ܵ˾ֱӳҪˡ
˾ϲǣ߾Ȼڸ񵲵ĳ֮˷һҽǰȻһ̤Ѿ˾ǰ
Ҫʲô
˾ԺеȴҲ²͸ߵһٶҪʲô

û壬˫ϿνƾУѡƺһǵľ
룬ȴ롣
Ϊһ̵ľٶѾȫ֤˼˾ǰץһʱѸͻƣѡ
ʿ˵Ѿˣ߲һǰ˵ǵǷ켫ȻԴӿʼԽĶиҲԶԶЩƫڷԽĺܹȵġ
ԣڽɹһ̣ĿɿڴעУһס
ԭе罣Ѿ߸ֱַɳ
ͬʱһȨʩչֵķ
ʱ˾ѾȫˣһȫһƸʽĽн
Ҳ룬˾ͬһϳһһģһ֣ȻѡôȻǲٵġ

ڴսɲǣ˫ʩչΪϬȭȻǹеá
ʱʩչĸʲôйĶ֮оԵĿƣڶʱֱӻ֡
ҲʹߵĻĺãҪȻҲѡðյĴ򷨡֪һ˾ڶʱûߵַô߾ͻȫˡ
Ȼ˾˲ֱĴ򷨳״ˣǺı߷ּײҪѨһԵĸоԵĸоȻܶݣ᣿
߽ĹЩˣΪ˲˾Ƴɹ֮󣬹Ŀֱס˶Է·
С壬ȣܹ֮ȲѱطĲλ߶Ź
һʱ֮䣬̨棬ȥСں·Ҵ
ԱߵĲʱҲɵˣ˾ȻƷˮ½ǸûлӽֻбܵĽϵֵ߿ۻҵĽȭ
ʿ˵׻Ǻ죬һԴ棬һƣǾζеܵǣƶ޷ӣ˾εľ档ҸҪǣֵĹ׼ϸвλʱŭ֮ͨ졣
޳ܣ
˾ƵӦۻҵȭò³
̨Դ򵹶ΪĿģ޳ܲ޳ܵģⶼҪǰɱĿһƯŮϾ֮ս
ԭ̨ڷϷԵı仯֮󣬺Ŀ⣬⵱иǳЦ
޳ܡ
ʿеİ࣡
޳ܰ޳ܡ

Ժߣ̨ϱ߱Ƶ̨һȴȻ޷˾˲۾ˡ
ǻˣ
ԺԺɫʮֵĲÿı䣬Ҳνƫƫˣǽб
ʲô취أҪ֪ԺǱߣأ
Се޳ܣϷϲ
֪ʲôʱѾ̨˫۾䡣


79 ս
һȭ壬˾ڱıһȭȥ
㳡϶ʱһײ̨ģûô޳ܵĴ̨ģǵڶھᣬܲжΪɧŶ̨ʤ
Ȼǹģǵһ̨ģı䡣
ԣԺ;Ժĵһ̨߾ôôĻʤ
ֱ߻ʤ֮ʩʩȻߵһԣӵϼ˱׷ɵ罣ջؽָУž˳̨ȥ
ǵģͺ͵̨ʱһ֮󣬾ȥˡ
꣬Сһ
߲޵ֹţߵԺϯλȥ
Ĳ
ֱһĴָĿҫš
ҪµӣһĽգ
ոտ̫꣬˵ˣ̬ȺԣִʮֵĲݡ
ԣҪ޺ýôҪģҲνĽģûһȾĽһĽģڽϾͺɾ͡
Ȼ̫ߵĽ츳ܿãȴû뵽һȫûĵ츳
˿Ըߣһ㣬̫Ҳ̫⡣
һֽԺȣǸͷ
߿ɲΪ̨ͺôԺôˣԺһ֣һʮа˾Żһʵǿ̨ء
ԺߣľѰˡ

ȿڵ¶磬һȵ㽫һȿˡ
ѡᡣ
Ȼ˶Щ⣬Ƕ¶ĵ㽫û˻񶨡
ǣһһ¶ַͨҪμӵĵȥ
ܿ죬Ϣһӹ˫ӵ̨
ԺɣԺᡣ
Ժվ̨ȥ
Ժɣ
ԺĴʦ֣
ֵʱϾһ˶κϣˣȻսⲻʵǷţɵĶ֡
Ժһ֮Ȼǿѹ󣬰һ֣һƺԶ׼ģֻϾһ벻ףô򵥵ô벻أ
뵽ˣΪʲôҪʵǿ̨أ
ɻϾһ̧ͷ̨
ԺĴʦѾߵ̨ǰһݾ̨ϣᣬȻҲһǰ㣬һһ̨̨ȥ
ţ
Ͼһãˡ
˵ôĸ㻹пԭôôһ£
̨˸ովͿǰߵǰ˵˼仰֮󣬾ת̨ˡ

ԺԺԺʤ
Ͼһˣֱ̨ѡȨ䣡
ݵĹϾһԴＸҪʮΪʲôˡ
ת֮ͻصϯλλϡ
ʦãô£
ߵȲʡ
ڳģ벻ͨĿɲϾһһˡ
û˵ʮֵȶ
սʦ֡
һߵ߿ڽ
ս
ЩףȻʱǻƺе㲻⡣
ǵģ˵ʦܴ𣿡
ʡ
⣬Ƕ֡Ҳòϣɣûʤ㣬ҲֱȨ
ôһôӮģ
߽˵
һ£ײ˵ˣһȻӮˣӮĿɲƯֱӰ˼ͷȻһǺȭͰѶֺȥ
ôһ˵Ҳ׹ˡ
Ժһɣѵֻһô
ƺѡӭսĻпܾ˾һսķ档
뵽Ͼһ˼ĵ˵ͷвԼͬһͷΪԺĵӣҪĿɲֻΪԺҪչ˺ÿһˡ

¶ֱӵˣȻãƺһֱˣ·ǵãֻõ٩ʱ򣬲Żĺһ硣
ֱӽֲи磬Ҳᣬ˵ͷ
мϢһӵʱ䣬̣ܶһѾ˫̨
ԺӻԺ
ӻͷô죬Ͼһû˵
˫̨໥˵׻ڲеֱӿʼ
Դ֮ʵչʮִҲǺصʵӻȻųƣʵȻֻкء
һһԾĽϾˡ
ԭҲǱһӵľģ̨֮󷢻ҲʮֳɫֱӸɾĽֺſˣһﻹеɲסֱ֣дǳ⣬ֹ˶Զֵᡣ
һ֣Ӯǻġ
ˣ
Ժļ˶ʤϲеʱ¶ȻС֣ɴվ
ȻͿ̨ϵк֣߲ˣԺˡ
Ժˣ
Ժˣ
ȷԺôϡͿˡ
ΪԺԺʱһִӵĳ嶯
ΣԺûϳˣѲǾԺĵӳȥͲ
ԺûԺ˼˳򣬵һ¶ͳ״ͷˣοԷеӣбڵһִ̫죿
ŭ˼֮йˡ
û취ľԺϵùˡ
̨ϲ֣ȷ¶Ļ֮Ҳûֱϯλ˹ȥ
ʱϯλϵˣ֣˵ǱѾʤ飬ûһ˾þȵģϾ¶

Ժ֮仹ڲϵļԿʱԺߵսѾˡ¶ȻкС뿪ˣ̫Ҳ߶ɽɻؽء
СӣϷ򿴺Ŷ
ߵĵڣǹһߡ
һĪ֮ӾôλƵˡ
޳ܣ
ϲ
ٺ١Լǰ˵ĻһٺٵЦʵʲô޳û޵ģϷϲĲˡ
ǻȥ磬ԺȴûУʢֱֽϲųɡ֮£˵ùԺľԺ֮⣬ԺҲȫӳԼʵ̡һ֮󣬼һֿյҪڶֵѾȷ
һֽ֮ȣһΪ۵ģɾǺʽԺˣû޲͵̬ȣеŵǶûѳڶֵԺǺʵĺĬĬİǿһͷŲӬ
ʦϳֱ䣬ֱ˷ѶԷһ֡
Ժĸ¥ΧӳԷ˴ʱһ˼߷νս
ߺһھƣ˵ֱ䣬ԺǱ߾һһʵǿ˳ΪҪ޵ĸѹ󡣶ľ飬ֵ̨ûʮǶӮġ
ŶǸʱҲô˵ġ
ԱѾɴ۾ѾͲ˴ͨ˵ģҪȻ˵˼ôһģһ
Ӣͬ
ʮţĴһ£ЦС˼ҪǿĻǻ治˼˵ԼǴӸ߿Ƽִ߹ġ
ȣԷԷϾһ롣
ŷֻһ͵ЦŮҲЦ
˵ʵֱŷ֣ʦܾȻôһ棬ǵģôһô档


80 ջ
˳֮󶼻Լסȥˣ̨ȻȥôۣÿжޱȡҪȥúõϢһ¡
ҲܿصԼС¥϶˵עҲôƽˡ
ΪϵĲƣֻ֮׳˵ʮɱĵ⣬ϵԸܹܿɹˡ
Ҳ϶ˣȻеҪ֪еǳ־絽׳˭ֱʣȴҶô
һ£һڱбϳΨһҪ껹Ҫվ꣬һһںɽϱģʱҲûڱڴȥĿܣǳ״ӱڵʧ
ص¥߸ǽ˼䣬ȻҹзÿͣҲܰĵ˯
Ҳ߶˼䣬ֹٵģ
ȻһĹ򣬸¥Ǿͱˡ
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Ӧɫ˽
쾿˭Ȼɱ㣡
ڣһھͱˣȻӱĥĲᡣ
ҪţĺõĻұ֤֮ⲻ֪ҪָҲǲܡ
ʱֱֳԼĵȻĦ͸˶Է˼Ҳûʲôµˡ

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Ӳ˵ǴŮ̸һ̸ˡ
ɫȱãջҧ߶һ
Ҳ֪Լɫ󣬱ϾаѱڶԷͻȻɱֻø㣬Ͼѿ
㵽ô
֮󣬷ƺûд㿪ڵ˼յĶһƷ
ţһûã롣
˵һϼֱҪѪĻžֽעŵȥˡ
ǵģ»ûã֪ôõЩʲôؼȷǲҪϵ
һϵŮ˵Ը񣬲Ǿǲܵġ
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߿ʼˣǲʱĽǵ㳶һЩõϢҲ
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ϲûлشߵĻĵģֻԼ⣬ԭŵһڱصõ˼䵭ˡ
¼֮ҲֻһʱĻʲôģҪ˶þͻԶʱһĹȥȻһ仯ûСÿÿ뵽飬Ķˡ
ĸ
߿ʼ޳ˣ֪Ǽ˵ǺݵĶԾ͹ôһʡ
˵ҲرذˣŮ̫ɶˣɶ߶һִĳ嶯
㣬֪ʣ
Ȼ˵רԸЩŵǱϾŮӣٻЩģԲϤûȤ˵ʱ
˵⻰ʱЩƲסģͺˡ
Ů˻죬Ҳǲɵ棬ûϵôԺʦʦһǺ޲ðɶŮ˻ˣҲýǳһڶ
ô֪
ߺһڲ裬ʳָһһµôţʮн
һϰԵĶǰΪɱֵʱÿÿĶͱڼ˼ĳЩ⡣
ϵ׺ˣô᲻ףǰһڹ⼷Ҫ˵֪Ǹܡ
뵽⣬Ҳ˾֪Ҫ˿еõİ취Բһ򵥵顣
ǣϵɫܿͻָ
ĵĸ˸ͷ˿ѵѹ˸㿴Ű𣿡
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ҲôױģȻûļӵŮˣǰͲͬˣŮ˵ĵֿȻԳǹͭǽеġ˵ˣѹˣԭŮˣǴ¶ǰҲʵЩĵζ
ߵĻȻûʲôãΪԭǰѾվʼĿ½
ջǲּҵģοϰħ֮еĲɲ֮˵ǰ·飬Ҳʲôѵľ
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ЦЦŲһϵСӣ֬СһϵһѵĽǶȡ
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ѵȫ·֮ϵҲѵһ¶ЩŮߵı顣
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ǰһһֱۣƺҪȥߵĲӡ
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ģʱĺȷЩɣò˵Ů˵ջʱ
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޶ԣֱ۴ļϣȻˮһ֫Ҳȥ
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ԭ˵ıܣɵõɵ۷ҲգҲգıʼղɢ
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ǣһ˰ѵİСǱ̼ˡ


81 
߻Ҳûмȥվ˺󼸲·һĴá
߲ɫİϵСȻ㻹ҪشҼ⣬ҪȻҿû취ҵǸ֡
пʼˡ
ðɣʾǡ
ĿǰΪֹҲоԼǰѾܿԣʱҲͷǵС˼׼ֱԲˡ
Ǹһʲô˵㲻֪
ߴʱעģȻǸˣܾã֮
֪Ĳࡣ
ɫȥѾƽ
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Ϲַ˵һλʥġ
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ˣ˵ҪѪţȻ뷨ֲ֪֪ܿ׵ˣȻᾪȡ
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һֵĽʢ֮мϢʱ䣬Ҫصһ˾ɽȣȻЩԣ
Ҳں˵Ѿ൱ҪˣֻҪԼϵĽһ㣬ǿԲڶֵ̨ġ
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ЦЦҳԶ衣
ȷֻҪ˾ɽȣֶΣҪ˶þܹռ൱ѪȷҪ̫ʱ䣬ΨһһЩ鷳ľ·;еԶ
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Σ㡭
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ðɣо䣬߹ϳĬ


83 һ
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ûҪעˣԼ춼ûʲôɽٵģëϵûС
޶ɽ٣ɽӿɽΧԭڶٷصĸϻ˱Ժ
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84 ˭Ҷ
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ħɷ죬һߺɱ
̫˿и˫ƵƵԪ߶а񽣷񱩵Ĺ
Ȼڳ˯֮ǰǿ춼Ҫӵĵزȴȫʢ֮ʱεĽ֮ܵļˡ
ʱħʱ绹֣
̫ۿԣȡ
¶ֵͬʱ̫Ѿٶһķ¶ɡ
̤ȳµĲ̫ƵƵһĽ˲仯һѤĲʺ硣
̫ңһָʺ˲Ť߿ҫ貵Ĳɫǳ
ǲʺǹһ
̫һȣ߿Ųɫǳߵǣ߸顣
ǽâĪѹռ䶼Ϊ֮һ
ɲ֮һֲ񷵹ĸо
аħɱ
Ϊʯ̫죬ħ࣬Ȼ˼䣬Ψһܻһ
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ǣ֮ôϣ
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¿ֵ־ްԵ̬ƣ֪ûΣգзſ֮Ȼ͹ˡ
ǸŮ˭ǰƺû
ǰ̫սһѪɫӰӣԺ߼˶ŬĻš
ǽһΪȷʵû
һγȥİɡ
˽ۣմҴҳţȻҪҪ죬ͳôһصŮˡĽͿȥΪˡ
еڵֵ̫Ŀֲ֮ͨѸٵĽ
ӵĹ򣬾ѾվϾһǰ
У棬ɹգ۵ĹΧͶʮˡ
һ˶ݵĳĬ
ִ̫죬¶磬ԺΨһԺ£ԺԺʤ磬žӢ׷꣬㳬ȵȡ
ʱһ쾳ĸ֣˶ЩǿߣվλȴȻΧĶʮ⣬ԭԺһɺӾ߽
жףǾߵĻ֮
ħ࣬Ż̡
ȿڵ̫죬ʱа֣Ӳ̤߽
˫ĿһɨˣֽƵЦ˵˭Զ𣡣


85 ȸ쾭
仰˵̫ڣΧǿǵɫʮֵĲÿߵ־ٶȫǵĴڡ
ΪڵһźСӣȻĿŵıӻһħ࣬ҪǴȥĻһɳǿǹƶûˡ
ڳҲȫųħͷ
ǺǣСӹϷϲ
ǰ˼̫߽̽ŵְ̫㶼ôһˣƢĸģ
̫ڱͬһϵˣ˵Ȼ˼ЩʲôˣҪλô˵пЩ뷨ܹ鲻ÿڡ
ִϣӶ顣
ڣһɾӢӵУ˿ˡ
˵¶磬һվΪ˵ûˡ
¶һڣΧڶǿ߶¶ȵı顣
¶ڽʢΪԺǺԺЩϵƺûеֲĵز
ħδã
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ǵģһħ֮УûһĴֶΣȻΪµЦ̸
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׷ҲʮֵľȣΨһһ͵ΪʲôƫƫʱϽ
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ͼ츣һΪ˼䣬캦Ϊħ
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аԭһ֮䣬ҪΪĳЩΪ֪Եɶ˷磬ɼҵȡ
Ψһ⵹ãȻ˵׷Ʒˡ
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Ĵ˵Ȼ֪ΪǿߣľηԶԶ˵ĤݡǾηģѲĴܣŭ
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˵һ¶磬Ȼֱӻ߳Ⱥ
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ߴʱˣ˵ֻǻ֮һ֣Ȼʶͳ׵һƬˡ
Ѿ޷ȥԭͲԼĻ֮ڵֲֵ̫һ֮ͨɢļ󣬵ȴǿ־֧ȥֱ󿴵̫תȥ֪Ƕɹһ٣˲ɳ׵Ľ˻״̬
߻ǺοģסԼҪˣڿ߱յʱ򲻹һеĳҪһ
ͬػ
ֻԼ˫ʲô˵еĻ֮
˫Դһŷ
ȸ쾭
ֹĽ̺ƷԪҪǮע뵽ɽͼ֮ɽͼٴη˾ҵı仯
֮Ļ޷ƵĳɽͼΧһС
ԼȴɽͼıԴػţȻǷһеĻ֮Ҳ޷̨һ˿ȼյ
ϵĻ֮ڻһϷӡ뵽ߵĺ֮С
ȸ쾭ȸ۳ػ𺣣˫˻֮ƽȸ
ߵļУȸǻ֮ʥȸ˿ѷɫĻȸܲеĻ֮ȴϲȸ
ڱķɵ˲䣬߳׸ܵ˻ǿгһԼܹŷ棬ɨƽһϰԼĿеĶˡ
Ȼõϵȸ쾭֪Ҫͨȸ쾭ջ֮ͱ̤쾳磬ֻ̤쾳磬ܹߵӽĴš
һԲ֪˶ãֻܸ֮оȸ쾭ĺвϵصżĽŲͷֲݵʺ
ÿÿ볢Ŷһ壬һ۾ġ
޷·ʱѾԼˣȫ޷ݣԼ꣬ͺǼľһİǵС
ôһεĸо
εš
һεˣٴεõ֮󶼻رĺҲ⣬һ޷˵ȥ׷۷ƿءֻվ۷壬ƿһУܹƿԼܹһĿ־塣
Ҳ֪˶ãڸоԼһ˿֪ȴ۾ԴȻ塣
۾Ϳһ˫籦ʯһ
˫Ŀӣ˫ֺÿ˲Ц


86 ŷȵĽ
߿´ûһεۻһļѡ
þȫǿ˫һ졣
ǴһϸĲϸķ϶һ˫ÿЦޱȿĵӡ
ڱʯһӣЦ״
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Ŭ۾Բ
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߸ոҪ㹻ˮ֡
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仯ɾȫĹԭɫĹȥȻһʵĻ硣
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⾪ȵı仯뵽ǰյʹ࣬һսʹܹ࣬޴ĺôҲԸȥˡ
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ѪѾ˻ӡʶĽд壬ѾЧˡ
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ŷЩֵ˵һ䡣

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Ժ֮ٴӢŰϳ֣ȷһĵ顣
ǰɫϾܿóԺԽԽˡ
ӢŰһλձˣһûʲô⡣ӢŰλã츳ڵĵӲʵĵҲõӦеĳɾ͡
Ժϣˣ
Цųȭͷһоˣοס֮ûвܽƵı
ʦΪĻһӢŰǰס
ʱЩϧĵ
ֹǰףƾʦܵʵӢŰһȫûѽ
ᵱĹĵĵ
ǿɶǿڻ֮һɳӲִֵ̫һͨġ
ǿɲΪܹס̫ȫһ
ЦЦҿûô͡
޷ǿʵԼģֻӦС
һʱ䣬ôȥ쵱Ҳǹĵ飬֪ԴԺһֱ¶ǱߣҲͷˣȹ˽죬峹׻ָȶ͵๬Ѱ
ۣ㰡ŷʦ㣬ʲôóԵģ
ʮ֣ŷٵĵˣŷһģȻĳա
ŵζһϸߵֱɱȥˡ
һṦͿʳ˽
ŷϵķɺҲѾȥֻ˷ȴô̧ͷȥߡ


87 ҵŮ
ŷЩ޵¶ЩĽߣߵǿЦá
Ҳ⣬ŮӵɬһȻ羰
һſԺ˿ĵĳԷ
ϯԹԵͳ˾ƺƱҪһ˾࣬ȴŷЩյ
˵ôأŸոպһͺȾƣͲ¡
˵һ룬ŷȾֻʣµ۾ˡ
ãǺȲˡ
ߺǺһЦãŷʦѵǣͲˡ
˵꣬ͰѾƺƱһһĳԷˡ
һʱ֮䣬µļ˶¶Щһɫ
ȴһûӰ쵽ٷĻࡣ
һӣ˶Ա㡣
ߵС¥ǳûˣԺס࣬Ծͽһôס˽ȥ
ǴȻҳϵΪţЩȵǣھȻһ֮ҵ
Ҫ˵׻ָǴǼٵġﻨ˴յĹŵ߰˰ˣۿɫ˷֮Щסˣ¶ﵽôܾû俴Ƚ̤ʵ
ոߵԺĴţͿԶһɫӰٶʮ֮죬գ֮ǰ
ѾͷϢͨ
߲ò̫עˣոմӻ⻹һĹԼԺĴŶûȥˡ
ϴʱ͸¶һǿƣǰȱ仯ʮ֮󣬺ȻǽӡԺǿʵ
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лл㣬Ȼûʳԡ
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⻰ɫ΢΢һ䣬ȴ֪˵ʲô
⻰ϾԼ˵ġ
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ιһϵӢһ·٩Ҳȥˣ׼ֱ¶๬˭֪ԱȴȻתһ
һתߺ϶˳

磿
ЩȵĵķӢһξ룬Ȼⲻġ
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ȻռάСӺħŮ˾¶磬ƫƫ¶磬ƹִȨ
ߣȥ๬Ϊʲôᵽ
ۿô˵ǲˣ̾ͽ˼·תƵ˱𴦡
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㲻ǺܹãΪ۸
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ĳ񣬵˼άȴ쳣֪򲻸ҳ֡
Ҳȴˣʱ֮ѹҲ֮ʧֻò˼ţƤһϻߡ
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˵ţҲɿˣֻϻеĴһδı顣
ۣ
ʱ˿̵ĸо·ȭͷԴϺݺݵĴһ¡


88 ħ
һʵǺݺôһõͷתƲѡ
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ⲻ֪ʱϵԺȴҲ˲̵һ¡
Ժеֻһͷ
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Ҿ֣
һڹ㳡˲ʧصı־ͺˣҸӺһֱԼ
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ʵŭˡ

˫ȭսۿžҪ֡
Ҫˣ硣
˵ˣһ仰ûΡ
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⻰˵ģ㻹Ըˣ
ȫû뵽Լ˼·Ѿƫ
ȴٽȥֱӵͷͽӢ
Сţʲôѱߣ
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׷ڣ߲ûѡ̷룬ǽȶ๬Ͽգ˫һķָ⿪ʼĻ档

ɫ̺һĳѸۣ͡
Ǹ߳κεػģһ׷
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׷ûгԹָȽȽʱɫ˼֡
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ֹˮӳһһ̣δκβ


93 ҪأѪɺӣ
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һڣ֮طΣΪʷĨɫŨһʡ
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׷ս۷壬ǹȻһ
죡
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꣬س졣
׷֮ͨӰֳֳǹ߶ս̨ǽŷɳĽɫȥ
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ԵҲֻһˣ˵Ҳֻһˣȫһ˿
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ԶԹԵ˵֪ߵ̫һ
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Զ˫û뿪ʺ۵ı̿մء
Ϲĩ·֮ʱʢһʱһΪɾš
̫ɫһ䣬ŵļأֻ֪һ㡣
Ϲĩ·һʱĩ·ʱħһƬ硣
ԲϹĩ·ǧ֡
Ŵ꣬ȴϹĩ·֮ʱΪħڲ׺֮С
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黹һ֣Ѫħ٣Ϲ˫֮ǰһѳɾħϹ
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94 ħħθɣ
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ʲôЦһ
ħħθɣɣ
һȣٶȻٶһ߶ȣ˫Ŀ絶Ķ̫죡


95 ɱ
ÿ˶Լеִţ̫ǣҲǡ
̫쿴飬ϹѪħ٣ǲ۲۵ħѾõħ˵ö֮벻ףΪʲô᲻һеļ֣һеάһħࡣ
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һ·̣ҶӴ߾ѾңңɽЩɭĶϻ¡
ôһɽ£ͻأĺȺɽ֮䣬ȥʮֵ࣬ϻ¶һ㵭ڸţԶ֮ʵһëȻĸо
ƽȻзˡ
һ֮±㿴ϻϱ˷Ȼ㲻ϸԻȴѾǴ´ˡ
ǺصʵȻ֮ҲС󷨵С
ңңһ¶ϻΧĵƣߴ߶ҶСƮϻ¡
ϻ˵Ҳǧ׵ĸ߶ȣɽƼǳŽӽʮȵתɽ֮Ȯɭɭ֮࣬Ⱥӵĺɫݷɽ䴦
Щͷ޴˫ɺҲһ亹
Щ֣רѪҺͨҲΪѪ
ʱǰ죬ݷֻҪǣҲȺΧ
ƹݷĴȺѪڽ䵽˶ϻϡ
ϻֲϡ٣Ȼ¶൱ǳͻ񽣷һļʯ֮⣬ҵһֲڡ
ϻ¶ҰȽϿҲûóȻȥ
¶ϺΧһһ㵭ĻȥԲ
ǵ֮пܻо綾ڽ֮ǰѾɽͼסѨλԷϢж
Ŷɽͼо߷ԼɽͼĿƺó࣬ܶණǿͨԼʶȥﵽշĵز
̤Ƶʯ֣עΧĶ
ʯ쳣ļžһֻ涼ûУȻǻӰ졣
ɽͼĻӣ͸ɵĻǰһУЩԭ߸ɻþĻӰ첻ߵжϡ
һʱ֮߾ͷˣܵһӰ졣
ʵϻ¶󣬶ҸΪصǣϻ´ǰ濴һͻأһɽ£Ǵʱվ¶ȴԼһխɽѶߣͨϻºȺɽ
ЩǰΧŶϻ¹۲ʱûз֡
⵱ƺţʼСĳɽƶ
¶ûˣҲûƾסĵط
һֱߵɽǰ棬ͣ½Ųϸɽλ
ɽȻխȴӲȥеΪģҪһ㣬϶ҪгǿʵܹȻⲻǲеħΪ
ɽȻûԵĵ·ȴ̤λãԿɽһͨһλõΨһͨ
·ȻѲסߣʵĵزЭͳ
̧Ҫ̤ɽʱͿɽһͷһӰѸٵɽű
ջظոȥȣ˼Ӱϡ
ӰԾٶȲ죬Ŀǰٶȣϸ´ࡣ
䣡
ӰѾһɽ
ӰǰƺǱŽɽһͷĴ㡣
ţ
ʱȴһֵĸо
ǾǻӰϸûһ˿Ϣͨһģһƺֻһͨе׷ˡ
ߺˣҶϻʲô
ӰѸٲ̤ͬʱѾߺ
ƺ㣬ѵ׷һ
Եɻ󣬶ڻӰʻȴûش
ŮʧٵȻϻ֮Ϊ³ôһΪûе׷ˣʵЩߵԤϡ
ڣ֮󣬻Ӱǰ
һĲߴ󡢿ȥжʮӣϴһ۵Ļɫۣ۵ñӱͷҲǷӣһ˫۾ƤЩݣ°һСӡ
һȥͨꡣ
ߵĳĬҲ⣬һ֮󣬺̹ȻÿȻǿˣǱȥҼ档
棿
һ˿ν棬ȻǲɱŮˡ
á
Ӧ̧ɽ
ۿߴ߹һ˿ϻ޷ԶȻȻǰһָצƺָð
ָ棬ֱ䣡


100 
͵Ϯɹ˿˿Ц˭֪Ƶھ岻һʱߺȻһݵÿһͬʱ˫ȭֱӴ
ȭָȭ֮Ƹ۵ıˮһɱֲǳ
ͻı仯ȻǻûԤϵģڿʱ΢һɣϵЦԭߵִջء
óѣ˫ȭֱӺָ
һ׷˳ڶϻϣԭһ飬ȻҪ
ڻ궯ֵ˲䣬ΧѾһУȻ֪һʲôֶγԼϢһ˲Ǳι̵ץס̷
ʵǿûдﵽأɱ˫ȭվûжȥ
꣡
˫ȭĺָײԭƵָ˲䴫ͷѵ
žʹ֮˲һα㿪ʼˡ
ȻûӲֹסȴǲˡ
Ѿ£ɽ֮ԭ¶أȻ򲻴󣬶ǴɽһͷǱ¡
Сֻ̽һ¸µĹ
ɫ仯죬˲ѾĿʼˡ
Ŷ̽
һЦһѪɫǹѾ֡
ǵǵģеﻹˡʹȥ档
æϴһϻڹģ
棿
Цҿνɣ
µѾµ߰˷ˣһˣֶΡ
仰ɫ΢΢һ䣬ָֻ˵Цͻҳʲô桭

˵֮䣬ϸ΢ͷһ
Ȼ˲䣬ǰһزұɫĻ棬յ̷ȵ˲仯Ϊڡ
ħ
һгǹһһǹֱ̻ؿڡ
˼˴˹ϲ
뵽Ҳǹǰ̣ȴȻһΣһξȻӲĴߵĳǹ֮´˳ȥ
һ㿪ߵǹתӶݡ
ӣ
Цƾ㲻صʵҲߣֱΣ
Ųã̫Ųʩչ߿ȣгǹһ㣬ǰǰ˲佫ȥ·

ּ߳죬һ̵̱ͣͣһǹͱС
Ȼ߳ǹͱеĻȴûˣ˾غ«һĹ˳ȥҹķǳ졣
һǹ֮¾ȻƲķҲЩԾ
֪Լһǹģ˵һصˣǺ۷ģһǹУĻ巨ȻᱻѪ
ǰȴƫƫûУ
䣡
ɿͷȴǲͣ׷ŹضߵĻ겻ϵĴ̳

ߵǹ죬ܲȻǹǾˣҲֻ«һߴȥģ޷˵ֺ
еزڷˡ
֮޷ƿķԼϵĻɫۣͳɫ棡
⿴ȥ۵ĻɫۣܹȫڸϢҷǿ
ͨһ㣬ߵḺ́
Դֱۣ˫ţǲ۸ǵĵطߵĳǹȫһչ˵
Ȼתλã·˿־塣
ಣ
ߵĳǹһ׼ȷĶ׼ͻĶͷ
ҪɱңҪɱң֪һܣ
ۿɴڵأֱ
߽ǹǹⶨڻĶͷüģʲôܣ˵һ˿٣ֱӴ̴Դ
ǣ
ͷ
ϻ¼һصĶѨһ٣Ҫ֪١
֪٣
ֱӴϡ
٣Ȼ֪ȻûļȴŹٵϡٱȻϣֻ֮زŻС
ѵһ䣬꣬޸ܹ꣬߷Ǳܣڳʱ̵õٵͣȻﵽһ벻ĸ߶ȡ
ȻҲܲժģҲ˵ϡ̶ȣҪһΪ亱䣬Ȼǿ̾ػҪõ˶ܵػ޵ķ񷴻
һ˵оͲµ߰˷֡
˵ʮа˾Ǽٵģһ棬Ҳһ壬ǿػȻ󲻶ɫޡ
һ赶ɱ֮ƣ
ɱң
˵ꡣ
ĶͷѾð˺飬Ȼǿػͷȴʮֵ֣󲿷ʱ䶼ڳ˯ѵʱɢһɶħıܸ֪Ѿժˡ
ʲô˼
ЩףҲţֻ뿴һﵽܱൽʲô̶ȡ
ԳЦЦ˵Ҳˣħһ޷ڵħԣֻҪһͷ޾ͻ̸о
Ŷ£
üٶ֪һ˵ģǵбҪðһˡ
ǵģͼȥöΣüζǸոսӽԲͱоˣҪ޲Ը뿪Ѩˡ
˵һµģ
ЦȻҲ֪ٵǱ᲻֪װױң
Ȼŵӣ꼱ΪǸѨڵص£Ψһһ·ɽط֪»ôһʿҲֻ·ôϸȥѰ
һ£мֵµߣǰ·˵棬Σ뿪ǡ
˻棿
ɫһϲѸٵվת̤ɽ
ٶû߿죬ߵҲܣԿɽ֮󣬾ϡ
ɽһṦ򣬹ɽշתһɽС
ɽм򵥵ΣȻסĵطŭյǣɽһԷһľӣһŮ
Ů˫ֱӵĶˣ˫ȵĽҲ˩ӷֱ˩ӵࡣŮû˿ڣһֿŵ¶⡣
ΪؼǣŮĥȴҲûлԹȥ߸Ż߽ɽʱ˫Ѿʧȥ˴󲿷ɵ˼£ͽıϡ
ʱѾ붬䣬Ůںڵ֮ɪɪ
Ľ
гǹңңһָԶӣʡ
һ˿ɬ޵ǲɲ֮
ʧٵŮ
⡭
Ҳ̸оߵˡ
Ĭһ£ڿڵħ˶ѡ
߲ûж׷ȥǽתƵ˹һ档
ôҵ١


101 
һ߹תƻ⣬һϲ첽ߵɽһǣڰ͹ʯһ֮һ¡춯ԶʯϾȻһ
ܵȥ֮һֱ߳һƬʯ֣ʯи۵ӣȥͿҵ
ƺΪ߲׷ŰɱŮ飬һѵ·ָ˳
ƭң
ߺ׵ģȵгǹȻ
ûûУǧȷΪΧֻмСӣûʿע⵽
Ŷ𣿡
ߵȻ͸¶󲿷ֵĻɣгǹҲûз¡
ţʹȥ
ҲûˣۿԼˮ˵˶Էǲţֻһˡ
˭֪ôһ˵ȴߵ·ȻߣͲ鷳ˡ

Ȼоﲻԣȴûü룬Ϳǰһ
۾ȴҲûлϡ
ΪߵĳǹѾ׽ԴѪˮԽ䵽档
ħ˶ѡ
İγǹһǹϵѪۡ
ʱ֣ٴγˮĴڡ
ߣվѾŮϴߵ·
ŮɫЩҰףƺͻı仯ûгӦǺܹóһһǿŮ
ؼҰɣٻˡ
֪Ůĵ
Ůվ˫ãȻϥ֣صİ˼ݡ
ܹ㣬СһŮˡ
û˵ֻǰ˰ʾؼҡ
ˮ壬˵Ѿȥһֱû߽ӡŮͻ֮תȥ
٣ģȻΪ̤ĪԵ
ͳһ㣬ҲҪһ̽
߶Ҷӣٶȷضϻ¡
ϻϵĻȻڣ߲ȥᣬɽǰǸɽ˵ʬȻǣ߿һ£ϵǼɫ۰ֽĴҲߣ˳ɽһܵڽȥ
ָ֮ܵȼһػСĳǰߡ
ܵߵʮСģ߳ܵʱѾǶˡ
ջ˵ֱһ·ߡ
·̲˵ܵģҶӵ߲ϵѾʣ޼ܹ·Ѿܲˡ
ߵҹѰһλϢ٣һıƣۣҪϢָġ
ʿ죬ʿ߲Ԫ֮Ȼֳܹ;ǺʿͲͬˣʿԴȪ׻Ϊ
£ҡ
붬ĺҹѾ͸ˡ
ʱߵǺҸ˵˵ûн飬ҪϢûѪҺʱ
Ҳ֮ðռпܻһǰδеĶսһվҪŤתǬ鱣õ״̬ھǸߵİȫһ㱣ϡ
ڶųߣҪһһ߹۲ΧĵΣһ·ߵĲ졣
磬ڿ˻˵ʯ֡
Ƭʯֱȶϻ¶ϵʯҪʮֹԹһ·Բ½ӽʯôγɵġ
ʯ֣߱㿪ʼѰһ˿˵Ĵӡ
ҪⷽԲʯҵһͨ°Ѩӣ⵱еѶȿ֪
ߵϵʱһ۵Ľ䵱ҵһӣףй͸
ҵλã߲ûȥԱϢһСʱ״̬ѣС̽
ܿ߾ͷӲǴֱʮ׵λãѨͨƾѾʼбƽ̹ȥֱӱ
īĳʪͨȼһػΧǰš
ǻ˵ģѰҵλûϾѾٲԶˣпѾػ޵ĵ̣ػ޶ħصĸ֪Ƕͨʿûʲô֮Ѿڽӽеˣػƺһ㶯ûС
Ȼǰǻ˵Ļģںߡ
Ѩͨ泱ʪָܣɢһŨŨĸϢʮֵܣһ·߹űӹġ
ⰵѨͨһʱ֮ߺȻǰƺй͸浱Ǳ
ǰδ֪ÿһߵʮСģȫһһε·ۣߵҲı
ģ߻ûȷǰԴȪˮ˵
澹ȻȪˮ
д棬ǰߡٴƹһͻأת֮ǰʱһ
ʱչǰģһκ˿˶Ϊ֮𾪵ĳ档
ǰĿռѾǰͨǱխˣխͨȻѾǾͷĿռʮֵĴ󣬶кüȪˮӰѨȻڵϻһԲεСղ뵽ȪˮȪˮεСзġ
СҲȷʵСԲֻһ׵ӣϸһ˵ĻǺһһˮӡ
ߵǲЩһȻ
ˮ峺͸ȥĿС룬ȴһ͹ĺɫʯ̨ʯ̨һԼĪһ׸ߵֲ
һصںɫʯ̨棬˷˼֦ҶɢһɫĹΣѨյ൱
ǰĹߣĹΡ
ѵ٣
һǰŲ˼ϸĹ۲졣
һ׶ߵӣϸ۲̷֮вһ˿˿ķۺ죬֦Ҷ涼˾Ө¶顣
һ¼䣬Щ˷٣
˵еϡ䱦꼶ݡ
ȷ˾֮߿ûɵ̳ȥͽռΪС
Լվٵĸǰˣػô֣
߲żǰߣСĴΧ
ΧܰûҲоκвζ
ѵ˵ػ뿪˲ڣ
߱һǳ޵еˡ
ȻΪΧ治ʲôǿػʱ򣬰ձˡ
ԭ峺С˲ǷһȻཱུðݣ
ţ
߷Ӧ죬һˮ쳣Ӱĺˣֱ˵ͨĳڸ
ˮڣžͿһƴСӴСһСɢһɹޱȵѹգ֮߾͸оһ亹Ŷͷ
ѹһƴСӾܹͷųôǿѹ⵽Ǻηʥ


102 
ԭΪԽҼ©ֱյ꺱٣Ǻܿϧûôõ
СһһС֮󣬾ͿСˮ⼸λͬвͬâӻ
⡭
д󾪣һСӾѾѹҪǳô߰˾Լ˵ֻиɵˮķݶ
ˮ淭ڣڶСӺܿͳˮϡ
ǵ棬档
ߵɴ۾һǿСӲϴˮȵԸӡ
ʲô
ޣ
жϣпһǿķСƿ죬޻᲼
һʱ֮ߵãˣ߰ɣٵջʵ̫ˣǼеҪֶ
һٽ̤죬ô弫޽һεõֲǿԭѾǽ޾Լ
档
߿ھʱˮڻعƽȻСо档
ֲСӣֲΧŸͬλãŸػһĽмݱ
Ӳ᣿
ЦܹоÿһСӵѹҪǿҪǿ֣Ǿ͵ǴӾǿжȡܡ
˵ˣûˣȫֹҲǰ״
ˣ
ڶҡˣ㱦죬Ҳ״
ⴿǶ׽ֿŮ۾˵ĻԸ
һҧתߡ
оߵĵ𣿡
߸һŲವһǰѨͨѾȵһСӣɺɺģǸմѪ̳һ
ɺСһͼ⣬ֲѹޱͷų߷ԼȻǱһ¿ǽ׶һ
Σֻתͷ
һѾƮһ˵Ӱӡ
һ°׷ӣ䣬ޱ飬ƮȫһӰӣȥе͸ӡ
ǲΪȥе͸߾浱͸ˣҪ֪һͻȻɵǰסСӾԾЩ͸Ӱӷģ
˭
ʣ˵ģ֪˭
ңգ㣬ܣôֻˡ
Ӱܵ˿棬˵꣬߾ͿСˮֱӳ˹
Ҫˣ
ˢ
ɳ۶âһָһѾһɫĳۡ

촫һ졣
ǰȻСӴϵڵ˵߱ıɣȻײʯϵ
ûûˣֱˡ
ôһײײΰصģһ඼Ҫ³
ţǡ
Ŀ䵽Ǽɫ棬˫֮оȻĶһ˼ζ
Ȼصİ˶ոɱԽĶЩȤ
ߵûע⵽ŴӵҲ˲ûʹæֵŸڿеİɫӰӡ
Ȼ˵ɫӵֵ˶ԷĹҪĿ⣬ȻǲܵģԱһİ취
ս£
ʱ˿кȻ˵һֵ֡
ս£
߼ظ˰˵ĻȻǲָʲô
ϵӣȻ˵Ѿʣ޼Ǵսµķʮǿһûиı䡣
⡭
ˣû뵽ԼôһӾȻôǰ˵ʮӣȻſںߵġ
ȻǺкñţֵս½ңҿԲɱ㡣
ᣡ
ˣԼû꣬Ҫ޴ıˣ
⵽׸þᵽ̶ֳȣ߸޷ݡ
ǰƿʮ㲻ʲôս¸ҲɱԼȻȥ
˵
ߵϣʹ
ٺãҲûҪ
һԾŶ
˵

©֣ʵһ㶣һ￴ͷĲСôֶԳˡ
񡭡
ûڣȴһŮӵ
ˣֵʱˣֱӴӽָ
񣿡
һ֣Ʈڿеİʡ
ţ
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㣿㣿
Ȼüƺʲô顣
ҡ˭
Щ㱵ĵֻǵʶ񣬵ȴǵԼ˭
Щʹ˵
ĻϸֳӾãɫ
˺ôһʧˣС飬׷˫һͬսϹĩ·ˣ㳹ѵһգһеһȻġ
˵һͲ˵ˣһ²׵ζ
ĻҲûм׷ȥһи֪ʱȻͻ֪ʱͻ᳹ƺûбҪȥҡ
ѣ
˿Щãߣʡ
ǵġ
һ㣬ߵǻشľԸɴࡣ
֪ҵҲ޷ҺһϹҵıֽž졣
Ϲ
пһ£һֱ벻͸鵽ʲôʱȻ˵һϹôȻҲϹˡ
Ϲȷһʮ𺳵ۣ֮ǰȻйֵĲ²뷨ȴû뵽龹ȻǴһ
ﵽʥĲξͻᵮꡣոյıȫܷ˿֧ʹģУ᲻ϵĿꡣ֮󣬱Լ˼룬ʱ
飬ɶǾµ
˵ΣҪѵĶࡣ
ļ䲢ûһʧȥ
ʡ
ܹ˵ǰ飬Ȼļ䲢ûš
ǵġشҵȴµʴѾʣ޼ˣҪȻҲݷﳤǧ֮á
ǧ꣡
߳˿ôһյĵطǧ꣬ǼֱҪˣʱЩͬ
ûȥעߣ飬˵һٿ꣬ǱܣҵʵָĻһЩС飬ҪҪҲ

ƺ֧ļ䵱У˵Ҫʶظһ䡣
ǵģٵӿָᶨ˵ǻָˣͿٴ׷˫ӣ˫ӹ⸴Ŵҵ
˫ӣţ
Щ㱣ʶظ֡
ţ˫ӣƺ֪ȴҲǲˡ
ĬڳĬ
Ѿ˸һ˿Ŀȡ
ȻʱߵȴЩ޷


103 ȪѪ
ԭΪԼЩѵߣô׵ĳתĳʧȥȤ˵ѵԵʣûٽ˼ŵϡ
ʱ߼Ǻһĵȴľ
Ĭһ֮ڸ˴𰸡
Ҳ£Ǹġ
߾ȵĿУָָ
ʵû뵽鲻ܾ飬һ˵𾪲ѵĻ
һٶڳ˶Īĺô˭õˣʵо޴ûֱӽ̶ܴ꼤ǱܵãֻҪһֱͻԴԴϵܵ
ԶԣõģֻҲֻʱûиϹŻ˵ľڵһǧꡣ
гʱ䣬ͬҲУ˵ΨĲʱ䣬ֻкΪԪ顢ϹֻǵָһӵĹ
ֱժɵɱȡѵƫƫ龹ȻĴ꺱ߡ
һ仰ֱӴΪĵط
˫ЩʵĿ飬һʱ֪˵ʲô
ڿʲôЦ
Ļһ־ޱȵӦ˵ġ
٣һܹȵģٴǿٵ̶ȡ
ߴʱҲȻΪĲ֪ٵϡС
ֱ֪ӴĻͬʱҲΨһһɻ
Ȼٵ̶֪ġ
Ȼ󣬾˵ԲһеΪҵǿǿһ˵ʲôأ
ǿߣǿһ
ɫЩ϶磬ȻʵѾļһˣΪϹݺϹĩ·һǿߣ¡ϵȻֲ
һ춼ûдﵽСӣܵסǿ߷ǿһ
Ȼţ̫˼ˡ
ΪΪ˽ٸ߶ڳĻĵɡ
ˣҲɹˡ
ޱ飬ȻһƮѾڵĺɫʯ̨ϡ
Ķ֣ʱ󾪣һѸٵǰ档
С飬Ĵٸˣ
¶ŵɫ廹ûг׻ָ»һְʵ״̬ȫӰս
ڵǰͬʱ˫ḡСѸٷ𣬲ٵΧÿһ϶˸ŹĹâЩâɲǼӵһ𣬾Ȼǲóһ󷨡
Լǰ龹Ȼɵĳ֣һѪ˸ֱӵеһ档
ڱ˫ӣ
ŭɫе
ϲֻͣһ˫ӣʮȥ¾ҲҪҷˡ
ɫѾЩɷޱȵӿֲ˫ûܵĥõζС飬ǧҪߴ
ûм֣СɵطˣǿƹȻûȡЧ
ĥҲ֪ʲôĥ
һ˫ɲǼѪޱȣɫ·ɣһ̾ͿѪâ֯һɫĻžɵķˢȥ
ȪѪ
һ𾪣˵ĸ֮ѸٵĶ
ѩ׵ӰȻƮ߿գ˫ʮָҹӡٶȴֻŵɫĹâǾСӣȻ;㵵ķ֣ԭֻаƴСС˲
СӭǣǼ䲻ݷľ͵һ˶ߣȫɫʯ̨ϵڸ档
̿ѪâѾȫǴС棬߸оصװѨڲסĲţƺʱп̮
㱳˫ӡ
ƺѾ˵Ѿƽˣʵ벻˴ı仯ƺѾȫǰ֪СˣѾȫȫıˡ
סڣ
һ⣬˫ʮָѪ˸ĿѪѨīһѪ硣
ȫһƺԽǿˣۿֻѪɫһˢ֯ţиһС
Ѫɫ֮УӰ֮һƬҶϵ˸Ծš
ƺ׼ԣ˫ѪһѪһƮ֣޷׽˫֣ǲڽӡһһµӡһööϸСĺɫ׭ʼڿڡ
žӡ
֮󣬷һ
񵱿һȵ˲䣬ͿԭΧľȻâǣշ֮»һööδӡ
ת֮䣬öδӡ㳯¡
鲻Ͻطӡ¶Ѫɫ׭ڿ·ڣΧѪâʼںϡ
׭ںϣֳѪɫ⡣
ڿвϵıλãǴûһλͣһ˲Ĺ

صװѨ֮УʱȻ˳Ƶ׵
߾֮оͿѪɫ׭ѾʮȭͷСѪɫ
ȪѪף
ʮѪɫڿۣص
û뵽ţȴڣ
ɭ䣬ʱȻϧһд۵ʩչȪѪ񱩵ͨȻѾ׵ľˣκλء

˫ִԣֱ뵽Ѿ˽ľöӡͿǾöӡٶײ糵Ľ
ʱѾ˵ͨ棬ǰǿȵս΢б¾Ҫˡ
ʱеЩⲻȥǱ߷սȫΪã͸ûһ߲С·֪Լ¾ȥһӴ͸㶨Ļ
ʵʵ
ͻȻ֣ԼȻ˵ССҪ֡
䣡
¡¡
ɽҡضĸо߶ʱ뵽ĩյļ
ľöӡںĻȪѪ׳ײɽҡض֮°ѨΧ˲ƺƿ˰բţӿȵˮֱӳˢ
Ҫˣ
ۿ˵սѾѨļӴ򿪣ĺˮˢ°ѨѾȫ֧Ųס߾֪ⰵѨѾҪ֧Ųסˣʱп̮
ˮ£ڰѨ֮γ˵ˮ
ʱվںɫʯ̨ϣ֮һˮֱˮˢ·١
ѪɫѾɢȥɫҰֽ
ӰҲӵˣ·ʱпܱһ紵ɢ
˳Ĭã񿪿ڵӮˣߡ
ӰʼƮҲڼ𣺡ôϣϾһֱҵ
һ㶣Ұ׵һ˿į̶Ц𣿿ϧҵһжˡ
ƮڿеȻһͣݵ֮󣬲ż󳹵뵽˰֮С
ȥȴһ̣ѸίȥһŵѪ
ѪɢȥѾΪ˹ٱ塣


104 Ѫħ
飡
߸ոմ̮ͨͿѾֲ֧סλΪ飬һȥ
һεս̫ˣ߶ܼܲȥ
˫٣Ŀ䵽ʱʱһ亹ڡ
ԭ覵Ĺ棬ʱȻϸ΢Ѻۣ
ıѺۣ
ɽı壬ǺεȵǿʥͨʥǸ
ıһôĴڣǴʱȴеĳѺۣ
̸оԼЩ˷磬ô죿
ô죿
ⰵѨ֮УҲ޿ԲѪ
٣԰̤졭
ʱߵĶϸ˿
ԣ٣
һ亱ݣе˵þͿȶסˡ
˵Ͷ߽Сķ£첽ʯ̨ģֽժ
ݣʮ㣬ڴݵ˲䣬͸оһǰδеĹֱ۴ܵȫʱоһޱůϢת
Ȼѵһ챦
𾪲ѣͬʱҲ˿ĵٱתܵǰ
죬
ߺԥֱӽٷŵ˹档
ϣָܹٶȳ˯ȥ
һƺѾ˯꣬һΣһ˯Ȼ˵ɢǳ˯ʱҲҪΪλˡ
ߵȲ
Ȼȫû뵽ٷŵϵʱȴԥľܾˡ
ûõģǿд߶ȪѪףѾӽ;ƿݵĵز
һ涼𾪵ߴʱȻеãȻĸоȫûע⵽ѨѾʼӿ̮Ľࡣ
۵Ѿȫˡ
ᣬļЩ
һã
߲ţҲԸš
ǰɱ֣ͬᵽڡ
أȻᣬԺԼ빲һͬô飬ȫ޷ȥ
ǰȻΪ˲ԼϺ˯èһ
һ٣ǺȤء
߲֪˵ʲôܲµóʱЩʲô
ʵֻ㣬ԭǧָϹħұֽѪħ١
ħ̣ȹµħǺǡ
Ѫħ٣
Ѫħ٣
߲ûΪ˵ֶ𾪣෴ģֵʱȴûɵһ¶
Ѫħ٣һеԴѵѪ
䣡
ѨҪ̮ߴʱѾκεľٴ룬ߣڰѨ̮֮ǰѸ뿪򽫻᳹׻
ߣ
߲ԥѸС֮ͨС
ͨѾΪ޴˲٣Һûûг׵ķ
֮ͨУ߾һͷ͵Ұһ˼ɵΨһһš
ûʱȼǰĵ·Ŀĺüζˤغ«һǾˣٶȴȻǾ˵Ŀ죬ԭҪһСʱ·ֻ̣˲ʮӵʱ䣬ͳ˰Ѩͨ»ص˵ϡ
ҹ΢䣬Ƕ졣
֪ʱѾҹзİʯ֣Եޱȹ졣
СĵĽŵϣȻһָϻһӡ
̵ѪֱѸٵĵ䵽档
ѺѪҺεɲǣ̷ĺâգ֮еѺ۱Ѫγһĺɫ·
һǷģȫƺ
֪ҪѪܹ޸ϵѺۣʱĿֻһǾǲϧһдۣ鱾ϵѺ޸
ס֣
ڸоѪ˲䣬ʶʲôü
᳹׼ҵħԡ
㲻ħǺŮ
߼ᶨ˵ţϵѪȻͣ¡
ǺǣҲħ
ȻңҲɱġ
֪ʱ˵ĲΣѪħ٣Ϲħ죬¾ϣһħԳѣɱߣҲȫϡ
ȴȻûֹͣѪҺϵѺ޸ļ
ʱߣҲΪʱʧѪ࣬ʼѣεĸоˡ
Ҳ֪Լ죬ǿƥǾķѪιķʽܹ޸̶ֳȣһδ֪
ǺǺǡѪ
Щ㱵Ĺ򣬺Ȼ鷢˼ֿȵޱȣļ裬ֲ˺ë
ʱһ֪ħѵˡ
Ѫħ٣ԭǧѪΪһħŷʱѪιȺȫǵԡ
ס֣
鼱ٵٴ֮£ûǰô΢ˡ
ȻߵѪҺιõġ
飬ħ
ҧᶨƵ˵仰
ͬʱҲСĽʱעԼϸ΢仯ԼѪȻ޸ƣҪʱ̰պȣһԼʧѪ޷صˣǾȶסƣȴҲ˾·
һ£һ˷ϹѪħ˴ĳǻһն£Ȼõ׸ȥȡͽ
ԣ߱ʱעһеı仯
ҹ¶أѾ˺ҹĺҹѾϮߴʱȴǻ£ڵѪֱѾʼ
ѺѾ޸һ󲿷֣Ҫ޸ҪߵѪĸˡ
أ߸оһǰδеǿӹϴ㷢ڵѪҺʼѸӿ
ɢķâһȦȦѪɫԼɼһѪɫӰӵӰС
֪飬ڳʧȥ۵֮Ҳͺǰһˣӵе岢ʵģõġ
ʱֳ飬ȴһɷ˫˸޾Ԩһ㿴ǰߣ˫ָǲϵš
ѪѪ
ħѵ飬ƺֻжѪĿ
ã
һһѪһ˲֮ͽѪ֮ӳ׶Ͽ

ߴڴҲ˵ôˣ֮һѪצϵˣȻֱӼջص˽ָ
˺ʵ𣬾ĿǰʵѾܹѹƵס
ջؽָ߻ӳһֹ͵͵
ʯмžޱȣϢ˺üСʱŻָһЩȻվΧѲӡ
亱٣֪ʱó쾳ˣ٣ûɹʵԪľ󣬳ɹҲѾúܸߡ
ٻмǱĸһ̤죬ϣѾǿ߸߳˲ֹһͷ
ʯ˼Σһ޵ĺڡ
ڹ۲췽Բûκε쳣֮ʯҵһελã£ó١


105 
Ȼժ¿ȥȴȻӨ͸˿ûпήļ
ףڣҩ֮ԺѾԴ֣֮㲻ֲڵϣܹ
ƴģߴʱһþòƽ
ħѣʱʱ⵱еʹĥֺγ֪
ߴʱֻһͷȫԸ̤죬ȻĺǣҲһҪѹסħԡ
ϸ۲ٺ߲ûãǿʼĵ
廹״̬Ҫãֻȫ¶һһʧľ״̬Ԫ̤Ŀܡ
ںԼĲ֪ʶߵļл൱꾡ġ֮ǰѾεĽЩϸ˺ü飬ӸУڻٵĹۣͨһϵеĲԺѾ졣
֪Լ츳ߣôһʣԺк׵ĳӴ֪ʶ½֪嫵ɳʵ·
Σǻãһֱ㲻ףЩЩ֪ʶޱʵġ
ܶ࣬ǳıʺǸһֱеİŮϵһ
ˮǴ޿ȷǸŮĴڣһȷжϣԼȻصİŮĪĹ
ţֻҪԼһֱ·ȥһǸˣ
ھ֮ߺܿĽ״̬
ʱĹȥɽҰ˼ĵطµĲӰˡ
Ҳ֪˶ã۾Ǳ紵ġ
ʿǿǳʱľ붨Ҳ޷ĵƣ濪۾ʱ򣬷ɫȻǺҹֻǺǰͬǣоȻƮѩ
Ȼ֪˴ѩ
ߵѾһ㱡Ļѩ
վϵĻѩ¾һṦѾ˺
һʱ䣬뵽ָ۲ȻǴڰĳ˯״̬߷ĵİ˻
붨ܵתʮֵȻµʵȫﲻĵزһǿҵļоͳ
ҺиϸˮҾơ
һж׵֮ٶ
һСó٣Ȼ˫һ˿ᶨɫŴٶڵһϸȥ
ʿȻûԪɹݣȴܹڻܹͬḶֻ́ҪԪٶϺöࡣ
Ȼ֪ƳɵҩЧãû̵ֱܱĺá
ҲۣĹУֻȡٵһ룬һ롣
ٶʿĪЧãʱֻǴӺ죬ȫҪô࣬޷ղ˵пܴҪķա
Ƶ棬̷ӨӨһĹâ
ͬʱ߲ɫĿʼתڻѾõѾĵķСת
ʱȥڵѾת磬ٵҲá
ۿɼģһϸǣŻ͵ĿС
ʳںϡ
ÿһ趼˿Ĳһ⵱еĹҲʱʩչȻ˵ǵһΣȴҲԵ衣
̺ҩ֮ԴԴϵӿ뵽ߵҩϢ룬ȫоһǰδе֮Уʹ죬һ΢΢ķͺ˿ڼֹо
ڸܵ仯ͬʱҲܹĸоԼʶڷű仯
ٵһ֮ǿܴ꣬²ϵĸ޸̤죬ǽޣȻƼڶһ̣ǵ͵ƶĹ̡
ʶȻ᲻ɱ⵽˺ٵ渨пֵܳвѾ͵͡
ڵҩҩʼˣ߸оȫ¶ĳһ̣־˺εĸоһ
ȻûӦͻı仯ԴоͺȻ˵һ£Ǳ󴸺ݺݵˣ˵ܡ
вûеȵĺȻټǱܵҩ
ޱߵ֮УļϸСžǻеĹͷ׶һʹ
ͣʹͬʱͣ
ҳϵĥߴʱڳ͵ļ尾
ٵҩȻӴ
ȫ벻һ٣ֻһ㣬ͷӳǿҩȫգԼܲܿס
һҪס
һɵͷ̷񶨣Լ뿹סȻ˭ȥ飿
һˣȫΪûʧܵѡ
ҧߵȫûж˼ͬʱڵʼתĸоǿԪϢڱת໥ײ棬سײ
ؼһ˵ʲôܳ
źţʳԴԴϵҩǰδе˫ĥ
䣡
һ¡ıȻһŻƣȻ󻯳Ѥȸ
ˢˢˢ
ˮ飬飬飬ľ飬ɲ֮Ҳٵת׷Բ̬ͬչֳ
ΣһʿԲֵܹεȸҩ£Ҳ׷Ρ
ȻԪزֹЩܹ֮ΣΪ֮ռλˡ
ʱڣѾֻԪˣڶԪͬʼײѪ飬飬飬飬ȵȵȣÿһữһڷת
ۣ
ߴʱһſڣһۻ³ȥںģ˵ʲô
һۻ³֮߸оƺùһ㣬תٶּӿһ֡
ͬʱϵǧëҲʼϵкɫӿЩʻǧɫϸ建¡
Ǳܣųٵҩڳֵķš
ѾûĹʱгһĽչ֮⣬дΨһһͷǣɹ
ĴѩѾ֪ͣ˼ΣҲǴӺҹɰ죬ٴӰ첽ҹ
Űѩ죬ʱƫƧʯܻҲøһĽĻᡣ
ٷŵǾֿȣܹΪ֮ۺҩһ˷֣ɱ˶ᱦΨһѡ
ۣۣ
߽ϵ³ڵۻʣĿԸӵѤ֮Ѿֵչ¶ھߵĲתں֮Ѿﵽһĵز
һˣ
ĬĬţȫĳ̣


106 ϼ
Хѩ׷ɡ
ڱѩصʯֵУѾ׻ΪѩˣֻϺĻѩѩ׵ɫںڵ˴ۣȥһ׾ӵס
ǰεѾع飬ʱߵΧȥ쳣ƽ
Ѿֻʣмһ㣬ǿԿߵȻڼûֹͣ
һħϴ
ֹ߲һεĸоԼǲһΣĲҲ̶á
ÿÿ뷨ʱἰʱĻعԼţŬڼ֣ڳϣ
죬һ󿲣Ȼ˵һɶΪٵǿߣ˿ƺһ׵飬һɺʿʿĿһȽϵĻԶ׼ˡ
ңϣƺȱ츳ڵˡ
Ȼߺźеһ츳ãף־
ڣ֮ٵһ˿ҩգߵĺɫԽĺʵˣϾעЩ
һתѾڻͨѸۣ
ۣۻԪ
һԪɹ죡
ӿϵĳˢߵȫѪԭ֧Ҳһ̿ʼµںϡ
һƶĹ̡
ھħϴһĴ֮ڿӭˣ
һոµĿʼһոµ㣡
꣡
ھۻԪ֮ȷ仯ǽȫΧǲɫס
𣬺ʱ鿪ʼѣһƬһƬ£¶ߡ
ȫµ·ѾȫΪ˻ҽʱȻ۾
ѣӤһϿʼɢ͵ϼ⡣
ͶִɫʵϼѸٽ֣ȻʼתһɹƥԪΧת
ǳɫԪ·ڻȸԾ鶯ľ顣
ϼ籡֮Ѹٵ죬󼸺γ˵ʺ磬ȥ

ʱһ̧֣ȭĻ˳ȥ
Ȼ۾һȭȴ׼ȷĶ׼ǰһ޴ʯ
ǿԪײʯϣһƵĴ죬޴ʯ˲䱻ʯƬ¡
һǿ˹
ߴһȭ֮󣬻۾
ʱɲǣһĨɫ嵭޾ĺҹ⣬ǡǡʱ߽ɹ̤죡
ʵϼȻΪɢţ֮ͨ·ߺͺǿӵһ
ϼ⣬ǳɾ֮ʱȻ춯صĵزǿյϼ⣬ʿܹͨ˹ͨصĿܡ
۾ߵ˫øǹž޲ǲȫǴ䣬͸һδ֪𺳡
һ̤죬˵ʶ仯޴Ȼϸ˵ûеʮ꣬Ѿʿ֮ȫ޷һʮ꣡
ѾǶѩ٣һ֮գ߾ʮĳѾܽˡ
츳ߣ޷ЩȣĽʵгţҲҪ
˫ĿɨһܣȻûɢȥϼ⣬ߴӽָͳһ׸ɾ·ϣȻͿʼϤ쾳
һأͨ
̤죬һ죬ô˵һ·Ѿף̤죬Ͳһ졣
̤죬·Ŀʼĥ㡣
ͨǿԴ߶Ԫͨ
¸ոս죬ûȻԪ棬ȴ򲻳κһͨҲҪԪ˵ʵ֣Ԫƥӵ֮ͨȻܹͨİ巢ӳ
䣡
¡¡
ߴʱȫ¶Ԫ棬һȭԪܹһ޴ʯ׻飬µͺȣʮֹȻ֪ǿߵʵΣԼĿǰʵԿڸո̤ǿ֮ռһϯ֮ء
һȫϸĹ۲һȫอԭѾӡ»ĹԽľӨ͸ˣȥ籦ʯһ貣ľǿ
ûٵĸԲڽеõ֮ĺô
뵽뵽飬鼸ƴŻģҺǰս񳹵׷Ѿ׵ıһ·
̤ѾɹһһȥѰָܹѹħԵİ취
ӰһѾ̤
ڷ뿪ͬʱͷһʶ˲̿ʶͬһʱ䳹׸˷ԲӽʮķΧ
ͨǣ߾Ϳ֪Բʮڵκζ
б飬п֦۶ϣѩڹȵȵȡ
Ҿʶ̿ʱԺɽͼϺȻֳһɹĵɫϢʶںϣ̶ɿ쿪
Ϣ
صĵɫϢ룬ߵԳޱȵɫ
Ȼ֣ǷΧڣеһжøܹоһݷ鲨΢ϢĽ࣡
ûü˷ܣ߾𾪵ķ֣ԼԪѸʧ
æ۲֮£߷ԪʧǱǹصĵɫϢˣ
ʲôϢȻܹѸٵԪ
ԽţȥǹصϢйͨͬʱԪתͼֹɡ
ȻһӵĹ߾Ѿ죬ȫµԪɵ߰˰ˣʣ޼һֵø˵ľǣǹصϢȻڷԪȴܾĹͨ
޾ն嫣䣡
óĽǵϢƺӵ޾Ŀǰʵ޷͸ǹ
ʲô
˦˦ԴЩ͵̫ѨһԪľ޴Ȼո̤ʵʵЩǺ֮쳣ǿһ˲ԪյҲ˺ֻҪϢָˡ
˰СʱоԪָһ룬߱ǰ
һʼſķΧȻȫԸǷԲʮĿǰֻǱַԲһķΧһǹصϢȻٶȳ֣Ԫٶȱûࡣ
ˣ
߳һξ֮ߺȻһţȻ
ǹ֮ԻԪȫΪǵһж˿©ĳ׿͸ܹȫպһ㣬ͲٵԪνˡ
뵽һ㣬߱ȲĿʼ
񣬽ʶһ㣬סڵĳһ壬ȻŹ۲һУŽ׿͸
һΣʧܡ
ڶΣͬ
ΣĴΣΡ
һδεĳȥڵʱصķԺ˴µȻǴ죬ǻܹ˾Ųʮˡ
һδ߸оοûа׷ѣҾϵĺͻָԼԪָٶҲһ㣬Ȼֻһ㣬ʿ˵һֵþϲ顣
ҹĻ٣ٴƮ˶ëѩ׷ĽʯױһƬ硣


107 Ⱥɽѩе׷ɱ
ݶ֮£ѩƮ㣬޶ʱѡݷůȴĿҪѰɱ൱ѡ
ƬߵʯֵУ޸ǽ
̤֮һѡԵ뿪ʯ֣һߺйɵȸ쾭
Ƶȸ쾭ѾߵԺӡʱֻǰշһ
ѩһֱţûмŸ·Բʯڵ߲߳Ȼⲻߵ쵱еľʱ䶼ѵоȸ쾭档
֮󣬵߳ʯʱѾܹ൱ĲٿسˣҶȸ쾭еһЩͨҲѾա
죬߽˱ѩǵɭ֮С
һޱߵĴɽһӸ֣ԼʮˣǵʱڼѵΧһͷ޺ڲ
޹ǺڲһɽгһҰޣǺСɵģͷﵽ˶޲ε޹ǺڲѾ൱ټˡ
ͨ൱ںʿȻЩģֻϧͷľ޴޹ǺڲѾǳ׼ԣǿٶֶͻϵĸе˺
ЩֵʱߵһʱԶׯĸĸˣ׺粻ҲĽɽΧǿҪصʱˣ˵ʱ˿̸׻ŴɭͶɻдһΪĸ˰ƴš
뵽⣬ߺԥĳȥһԪֱ˦˺ҧ޹Ǻڲ
֪޾ǿᣬܵסǿߵһ
ߵԪһ޹Ǻڲ޾޴ͷ­˲һѪûüһֱӵ
һǿ˼ͻأֵĻ꣬˴֮䶼¶Ī
ں޹ǺڲսĹУǵѾкöˣʱͻȻ赭дı㽫޻ɱʮ˫۾ڳɻͬʱҲ¶˿־塣
ʱֵǼս£ɫ߲൱ƾɣټڶñӣ˺뵽ɽ֮׼ӷ
еǶЩ־ӣֻǵڵұ⣬ֻǿɱĳҲǵ
˵ֱ꣬תˡ
ڴɽҲǾģ֮໥һʮֳ飬ʿɱ˶ᱦ
ɽ֮Ȼڼİ֮УҲ˳ֻɱ˲ޣȻȼߣֻҪѪ䣬֡
еʱоԼѾħҪȻôնɱСʱһͷ뷨ЩЦ棬ǿʳ˵һͷǿȫѹޣôնɱĻԼ
ԭлЩᣬǵٴɽ֮ʱԭľѾʧˡ
˳ְǶնɱ޹Ǻڲĵ죬ããɽѩ֮УһȺˡ
ȷ˵һȺ׷ɱһˡ
˼ããɽ֮ĳ棬Щ⣬Щ˶ʿҲˡ
׷ɱһµӣһȺʮʿַ׷ᣬиߺȲ
߲ڰĵʶ̿˲Ⱥ˾ĸԺ
Ǳ׷ɱĺˣҲʵ׷ɱ֮˵кȻǿߣҲǺ۷ʿ
ɫ԰ףƺԪĹȣЩɢң֧Ų˶ˡ
߿ûְˣǰЩɽȫܹס£Щһʵ񣬸ο˵ʲôȫ֪ûбҪ
֮ԲڰȫΪ˱ܿǵע⣬ӶⲻҪ鷳
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ǶֻǶߣȷһʱ֮Ծϡ
صĺ˱Ȼǵܹ֮ĸǿߵ׷»֣ܳɼԲһصľ硣
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̣ǷԲﷶΧڵһжܵĸߵԺУָĿʮ׷ɱ˵ʿϣйעĸʿ
ǵԪԣҲ󣬿ȫдսһʵ
ĿЩ˵Ԫ֮еǰ˼֣ΪȻ֣Щ˾ȫʢĵʱԪķ̶Ҳûȡ
ԷǱȷʵЩװ
һ߶ʱһǰδеԽУٵùȻͬ죬ֻһصѾȫԽͬ׶εʿ
ǾŸʿȻк۷ʵߴʱȴ̫ǷȻ˵̤Ѿνһ죬Ǻͺ֮Ĳ໹޷Խġ
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˻ͷһֵͨԷĵͷ񱼡
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֣ʱһ뵽ᵽǾ߻֣ˡ
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108 
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֮̿ǵʱħħ뢣һȱΧˣ֪еǶôļù⡣
µѺųǺΪ˽Χߵľٴ룬һǰ׷ɱʿпܽͻ߶֡
ʱǺƺҲΪԷߺȶŭˣתǼͨȥȵǼʿòܷâ
»֣
˵ٴߵԺ
ʱ˫ľѾܽˣ׵ľ룬ڣʱضԳ֡
Ҳ֪ףҪڶʱڽ˵עȫǾˣԷлĸʿڡ
߼Ҫ˵עסһҪ˰ֽţⲻɵء
ĸŸһʮʿʱ׷ĸںۿžҪ߲ĵطˡ
ĿעӣЩ·涼һĿ֣ס
һ֮ؼ֣Щ˵ݾѾԶˣһߴ֮һĽ׸
ѵ˵׸ڸ
ȷȺ˵֮ߵԺ̾ͱĳһ
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뵽ˣٴηȷϡ
ҪĽܹȫȻĻҲ֡
˵֮࣬ѾɵɵĴһطˣǿʼĵƶš
˺ԵѾλãԸǲܴһطˡ
ҲҪĽ
˻شͬʱѾ任λߵλñܡ
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߿˵ɫԽĲ԰ʱҲٹֵĵˣĴ氵ͷȵ˰׸ʿԪĴҲԶˡʱ֣߳Ҳʲôˡ
ͨһؽڣö⣬Ԫʱ
Ԫӿϴս¶ʱ޷Թ˲
һʱоĥ֮߶ԴսҲһ˽⡣һǴսŽ̬ķǿߵĹҲһܹƿսµķһǣսڸԪϢĹЧãֻҪԼӿƣȫԱ֤һϢ¶ڶϻϵǸħսȫϢͨˡ
ߴ߶ԪϢ˲̿ս¾޷ȫڸϢˡ
ΧԪһȵĻ˲̿˷֮£֮һ˲䶼ȼ
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ͬһʱ䣬˺һڰ׸ʿͬʱһߺȣ˲佫Ŀߵλá
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һȺ˴ȵ˲䣬Ϳǰ̿λãѸѤĻߣѸ̿ҫ۶Ŀ֮¾ͿһԳʮ׵ĻȽȽ
һֻһʱ䣬߱һǰδеĻ̬ǳ
ȼȸն֮ʱһűѵĻȸĴӵȽȽա
췣
һ̣ߵϣ仰ȫǺϹǵԲһܹܵ˵ġ
һʮ׸ʿ˲䶼ڵȫעתƵϡ
ʱȻȻЩ׸ʿıûж𣬵˫Ѿͣ͵ĶһȦȦɫĵɫħƷɿγɡ
񣿡
ȷǰ׸ʿһλǿߣ˴Լʮ꣬һ˳Ⱦ˫üƽ˫Ŀ絶뷽ȥǷ
ʱбһŻΧߣ¶˼֮ɫ
ݵ˼֮ʿǳ⣬ηȻð飬
˵ţһӣԭĳһɳɵֱӷɴеߡ
֮
ڿеͬʱһ֣۳һ棬˲仯һĨֵ˷ĳ
׸õеĳȻǷƷ˭ҲûϵǣǷɳĳһӭĻ潣˲ίһ㣬ڿȻһ٣Ȼ˶ݵͣͣ
裬˶ʱһ˫ַɿڿһ㣬Ԫٶͬʱ˫ʮָ仯ƵƵͿгȻһ˲һ㣬ǡ
쵶ն
һȣȻ仯ٶȱü죬ȥһģĸо
еעʱı仯Լڿն˷ͨ쵶նѹ
ǿʩչ߲ͨ˿ӣȻҲ쾳Ǻ͸̤죬ǶͨԪĿƶﲻĵز
ۿԷӰ·һ˷ֶ쵶߸ɴԲӦ䣬ֱӴ߶ȼڣӲһͨ
ˢˢˢ
˲и˳棬̶Ѳ

ƺϢһŵĳڱնϵ˲ͻٴεĽ߻С
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˵ɫѾİ׸ʿȫ䱸ͻȻֵشѾɷϵĲ˼ɵ
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ĬĬţȻϵȸŷâһž޴ĻɳֱӴеİ׸ʿ
һĻ׸ʿ𾪵ĺ˶еĸǲݷͼֿ
޴Ϣĳ˲׸ʿУмʵĺʿҵĶʱǱ
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д󶨣ʱ׸ʿȻȫעעſеߣһʱ֮侹Ȼ˶ǵĿʲô
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һһ̵ʱ䣬ȴһΪؼʱ䡣
˫Ѿٽӡ˼˵ӰڽŲ˼ĵ
ʱ䣬Ȼʧ
Уߵȸٴţзһ˻ͿĳȻ˲ɳ췭ŷ׸ʿ
Ѿ̹һΣһθֱһɻеİ׸ʿھһѡܺˡ
ǺǺǺǺǺǺǺǡ

ѹΧɭȻЦЦ·Ծĵһ޷Ƶĸо־塣
׸ʿЩŵĽĿתƣʶѰʱʱһ϶¶˼ȵķֿ
ԭĺѾˣΧǵһɱ¹ȵɱ


109 նɱ
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ȷӦȻλʿʵȻߣƫƫȺ׸ʿžԵĻȨ
ͻȻʧƺѾԼĸоˡ
ͽеһһģ
쵶󣡡
쵽أʿ̴Ȳֹ
׸ʿ;ŸʿҲ˲䷴ӦԭһתѸٵĽһ
ʿΧͣĴǿ߾вӦ
һʱ֮䵶ӰӰܶ׸ʿǶʱæµѾϾ˼ڿȥߡ
ǺǺǺǺǺǺǡ
˶ĵЦͷƤ顣
ɹ
գ֮׽˺˵ϢֱӴȥ
ܺã
˼̵Ļش
Ȼ׸ʿҪ࣬Ǵ˿λӴǿȴоһԽУ෴ǣеѹǳ
ͺ˽ֵģ֪˵Ŀֲ
̶̵ļ֮䣬ǵעȫѡʱߣûߣ
ûߣҲֻЩ׸ʿ֪Ҫʲô
ҪϾɱ
Ͼɱһǰ
׸ʿڽ󣬵ǵΧȴѾŨŨĺơ
ɫħѸڣȻգ۵ĹѾ׸ʿĴУ
ʱİ׸ʿǣжѾЩ壬ۿǲµĴ󣬾ȻԷħɵľ͸У⵱еĪΣ˵顣
ձùҪ̡
Ѿ棬ĵĲڸעųϵһһͬʱҲСĵ׽˵λá
Ȼʱ˷·𳹵ʧһ㣬ȻܹоϢȴ޷ȷλã
һȻǰǱʵˣ׸ʿ׷ǱֻǼʵԤƵĻҪֲ
ʱ߿׸ʿУһڹ⡣
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һɫâȻֱֳӸ˵һʿʺ
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ͨȹİ׸ʿûüһֱء
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Ҳˣ׸µ󷨣Ժ˸ɶвҲ֪ʩչʲôܷţȫ󷨵谭жҲȣƮð׸ʿȫ޷׽ټ
նһˣ׸ʿ˵ɫһ¡
赭дնɱһˣȫ޲ߣ֮ʣµİʿ¶Եȴ֮⡣

һŮʿһʿնɱʱŭӿгޱȵԪ˷ȥ
ôҲ֮٣Ϊ֪˵ײ
ֻһٶƺŭڰĺˣĵɢȥ֮һҽУһʿնɱ
һֱӽͷ­ննɱʿȻֱͦͦվԴȴѾڵϹ
һĻҲЩ𺳣ħ޵Ĳ̣ɱ˵ַͿɼһߡ
һն֮󣬺ƺûдֹͣ
߿һ˸ĺɫӰ˲Ʈһʿ
ָɽһƺڹ˸
ÿһεĹһɲ䣬һɲɱַ׸ǿ߶ûа취
䣡
Ȼܹ׽µĲӰ׸ʿȻҲܹ׽
Ҳںָնһʿʱ򣬰׸λʿҲͬһʱ˺˵Ķ
ĵӰһ˲֮˸ǵصĵɲǼ
˵ĹʮĬģź˲ӰһĹ켣ȫĺɱȥ
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ΪһһѡܣݣһߺȻ֣ƺûжݵ˼ָâһתȻǶ׼ǿƹλʿ
ʱ׸ĸѾȫ˺˵ƶ켣ȫɱ֮¾㲻ֱӽҲɲСĴˡ
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׸ʿ־ڱصãȴû뵽˿ƶӰȻٴαãԱ߶
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˼ͬʱŭȣ߶ԪָӷȻƶ
꣡
ʱǰһͿһѪ俪
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˵ָһһ˰׸Ůʿ
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û߷ӦȰ׸ŮʿȻһľС
߼æȥʱЩſڽࡣ
ǰƴŰһǴָʩչǸŮʿϣһѪŮʿѪ
Ůʿľ³ѾϢ֮䱻նϣӽͦص󱳱ĻһȦҪǣһȦĹ񹤣ֻǰ˫Ѫ֮⣬ĵطֻǽĽ·նϡ
ǰһ󴺹ⷺģѩ׽۵İͦѪ̺콻֯ټŮʿ߳ŭľС
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׸ʿʣµʿҲ˵ôˣֱǰһͼΧȻȴʼһġ
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ݺ佻֯а׸ʿŭб㿴µԷŮʿϵ·˲仯Ѫɫ쵵Ĳʵ衣
ǣܵ˺ιԷȴûˣȫ׽顣
ѩ׵壬۵Ѫ
һĻֻһڸ
ȫû뵽ֶξȻ˲Ҿ̬ܹһ֮½Էɱȴּ˵ķʽ衣
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׸ʿһͿһѾƮԷŮʿ
ȻǼĳۻûüֵԷϣѾڿгױ÷顣
ͬʱĿһģ˿ֲָʿλö
˵ӰϢĳʿı
ʿ˫Ѫ죬гΪԭʼķʽź˿ȥ
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ЦžͿѳֱӽǸ౻ʿ룡
Ѫ糱
ಣ
˫Լͬ飬ʿʱɵۡ
˲֣˫ʮָںڷ޹˼ɵĴ˵ı󶴴ȥ

ѾЩ㱵ԷһĽһжˡ
ʿŴ¶˺谭ֱնɱ
ʿ˲䱻ɱ׸ʿȥȫԷɪɪ
ڻɱʿ֮ȫٹ˼ʲôҲЩʿһۣתŶڵϵԷ


110 뻢ıƤ
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ʱߵȴ˼⣬Լȡʱ䣬ͱǿȫĲѧ
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ԷʱƺѾ裬ȫŴƣ˫֮ȴ͸¶ŷŭĻ⡣
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źŰķ߽˼Ӳ˳ȥ
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ԷԻ꣬Ҳ͵ǻɢתͶ̥ĻᶼûС
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˫ۺⱬ䣬׵糤ûջأһէһ
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׸ʿʱȷǱ˲ʵҲ˷ڷĺ֣û뵽ľˡ
ȸ쾭һһĹؼȻ߶ʿĹؼ̫˽⣬ǵǰ׸ʿսУѾȫᵽȸ쾭ǿֲ
ۿձ˫һƣһĳѸͷɳ
Ѿٴʩչ˺ǰնɱ׸ʿһ·˵ٶȿ쵽˼ޣۿѾȫ޷׽ƶټ
ߴʱȴûκεľȣɽͼϢ֮±ޱǵԲһķΧڣȫ۾Ϳжϳ˵ƶ켣κһɲǵλá
ڸ߿вϵķɳ߮ʱʱ̿עź˵λá
ƶٶȺܿ죬ߴʱڿУȴǰɱ׸ʿü򵥵͵ϮܹȡЧ
ҲһֱͣڿУϾȸɽͼʮԪľٶ
һԪĹͻ뱻
ڿе߲һζĶܣڹ۲˵ƶ켣˵ǹɡ
ƶٶȺܿ죬ĸ߻ܹһ
ֻǼĹ߾Ѿ˺ƶĴŹ켣Ѿƶαֵ״̬
ಣ
ȷЩ֮ߺȻȸѸٽ䡣
Ŀǵ档
ջȸ˫鰴ûг֣ȴڰԪ
ˢˢ
½˲䣬߾͸оƶٶٴμӿ죬ǳ߼ŵصλƶߡ
Ҫ׼ʱ͵Ϯ
Цܹ˵ƶ켣Ǻ벻ġʱͻȻ½أһѡ͵Ϯ
Ҫյͬһʱܴʧ
һܹȫĹ켣ôпܻѡʹ뿪һһǳ׼Ϊˡ
Ϸ٣˿κεȫԪۼһ㡣
Ѿסһɣ
߽ŴսµڻһŻѾĵָȼա
أżһ㡣
ͬʱӰ˲˵˫ʮָ繳͸ɭɭħ
֪ͬսµļ޷˵ĹλѡļΪŹ֣ҷʤ
ǽĴңʦܷ
Ժ˼Ĺߵϱֳ쳣侲
Ȼʱ侲ܽţΪͬڵһᣡ
ҪȵĻǣ˲е֮һɲǣ


111 Ҵ

Ѿߣ
͸¶޾ħʮָ棬̶֮ޱȡ
ܹ
һݣ֪ǺΪһʧĹʱ̵ˣǣôԲᷢһ˿һ졣
ڴʱ
׽һߺԥ˫һ̧ս޷ɣ籡ͬʱ˫ȭѾȻ
õȻǺ
ȻΪӦֵȭ
Ѿ̤죬ȭҲѾһγӺ쵽죬ǿԪ
ͬȻͬ
֮·һ춯صĲХɽӲط
ۣ
˹ʮָѾƿߵķϣ
Ȼûлرܣȭ֮ŭһһһǰӴѹźڵλȥ
ء
һƳǺ˶ֲޱȵͷ­ޱߵ籡
꣡
ȭߵҲһѪ
˵Ĺѡǡôȫܿ˴սµıֱӴ˷Ϊλá
ȻһοĹȴ
Ϊûܹټһ̳ʧ飡
ХĻɫĳŭڵ֮֮佫˳û
ಣ
оޱߵв쵽˼£ҲǴ󾪣Ѿͷһеķȫ˳ͳͳҪӭɽ˸߸ߵͷ­

һ޴Ĵ죬ǰ齣жȻ۶ϡ
ѣʧȥԣ䳾
һںڰ׽Сӡ
ͷ­һǰֱײ˺ڰСӣȻ赲ĳ˵š
ôܣ
ڣŵ
޷ţԷôܻ˾׼ȷλã·һ۾Ϳһ
룬ȫΪԷƣľ޷ͷ
˾ƣΨһĿܾǶԷһֱ֪ƶ켣
׷ڣվûпסѾõǿһ
ۿ˺ˣ嶸ȻһΣȻѸлָ
ɫףһԪͿգǴʱȴûʱȥϢ˵ʵҪߣһŤתǬһЩλӰ
ȻУǵ˵һ̶ֳȣȫ
Ѫſ³ĳס
ѾѸΧߣͬʱͳԪֱһѡ
ͷ­߸𣬴޾Ļ棬˺ס˺˼ͷ
ָף
ԪҲȴ˲Ļָ˫ʮָȻſʮָָտտȻ˫۷һӣָɳڿлʮҫ۵ĻŹֱܵĺˡ
ָףȸ쾭еһͨĿǰܹΪǿһͨ
ʮĿĻ˸Żâ⣬˲佫еĺ֡
ž
ըĻٴνû
ߴڵĴϢţȶסϢֱͦͦվھһɵλá
ȺγУа˲٣ǿڳķѾǿ֮ĩˡ
ҲˣɢѾǱ
˫ѾðĶߣһͷޡ
û뵽ϷȻ﷭˴
ݵ˵һ䣬ſһɺѪ
ţ߾ȵĿУֺۿɼٶѸ˥ȥ
ֻǼգ۵Ĺԭȥֻʮĺ˾ͳ˹ϡϷƵЩ͵ģԼޱȻǵ˫ۡ
ȻĿתĿߣǹѪɢ΢Ϣ
ʵ벻㾹Ȼصô
֪Ѿûл·˵ƽ
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߲ôֱӾͳֽ˺˵ʮĵ˵
̰
˷һЦĸ̰
˫̯ԹԵĿ˼ۣ̰Ϊħ޴ѡ񣡿أһòȻģʵĺħʲô𣡡
һЩصĻʱ˵ʮĿܡ
û˵ȫħݣԶţ̰ᣬ̲бǴʱȴûǿҵҪħͷΪһ̣Ȼ飬ħ֮Ѫħ٣Ϲħ
̰Ҳգ̰ҲգЩѾˣǺǣ㽫Ҫǻ׸ŭһֱܹء
˺ǺǵЦЩ¶
һ׸ʿѾͬںޱð׸֪ˣѾ·ӣ׸ìͷȻָߡ
ʲôأ׸һֱͨҡ
ߺȻһЦһɳ

δ˵ѾһѪ
˿գ˲Ѫ⳹ȼոɾ
вսɽһȦǰȫ
ȴǰεĳ㣬һȦߵѾ˲಻ʮƷƷļ
ЩֻǺ˴ķִӺȼյĻҽĴ﷨
˵Ĵ﷨ͬһöֳָָĺɫ滹οյһֻЫ
̸ָ֣оһɻϢȻöָǷƷϢжϣƷķ
ڶ෨൱У﷨Ϊκһ﷨̺һĿռ֮öָеĿռ֮ǿࡣ
չĨ˽ָϺ˵һ˿ʶȻһӡȥ
ָ̲鿴жʲô
һʱһ
ĹҲۣԪͶһ˷ܣƷԪǲ࣬ƷԪǧţкüٿƷԪ
һƷԪļֵҪһƷԪкüٿţټϽǧŵƷԪߺȻ֣ԼһӾͱޱӴ
˵ʲôͷȻӴһ
Ԫ
Щǿ˵ʮϡеĶں˵ϾȻȷ˷˼ȻĿ⣬ΪЩѾȫˡ
Ԫ֮⣬ָ滹ٵƷѾָĵҩ
ʵ߶ԵҩĹעҲԽӵϤˣҩȻ࣬ǵҩʿһо֣֮Ϊ鼶ҩʥҩ񼶵ҩɼҩ
ݻƷ׺ͲƷףͬһĵҩַΪˡء֣⵱ǣطิӣߺһ㣬ǾҪ߾Ʒ׵ĵҩеÿһҪ覲пܡǰ๬Уóת鵤Ҳֻ񼶱ĵҩѡܹӳɾ켸ʵԪԼϼĵҩ
ָеĵҩ󲿷Ҳ˼ҩؼҩȻҲ٣ǵʥ񼶵ĵҩָˡ
ŵĲһ£õĶȫ֮ߵжһīӡ


112 ״
˽ָƷһ£Щ֮Ժ߬һīü˼
ȻһۿȥûзʲôصЧã߲ûнֱӶóϸ
Ϊ鿴ŵ棬֣ס
֮ҲȷˣȷʵѾصϵ
Ϲĩ·֮ǰѾɢǴʱ׶ֵȴˣⲻò߰Ӻ̵ĸϵ
ѵ˵Ҫˣ
Ϲʱħ뢣ɣһݺ˸ҵС˸˵ͷһĸˮ棬½ֺεȿɲħŷ籩
ţ
طӵʱ򣬺Ȼоһ޵Ϣɢ
̲סͽŽһ͸˽ȥ
䣡
ոմɫӣߵԺʹһоһǰδеǿ˲ֱ
һʵĵ棬и
ߴ֮£ðһ亹ھ͵صĴԺ˲䣬˯ݷɽͼȻͬһһߵԺΪɢǹϢ
գ
Ĩ˶ͷĺ飬һ¡
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û̸оɫٴһһεĺһԲͬһεĴǶĳ嵴ɱһΣһӦӡ
ߵС뵽ɫ棬ţԺо͸ֳһ֡
ЩֿȥʮֵĹŹ֣õ֣ȴܹϵĳ
״
ֵͷɷ״ĸ֡
ѸٵĿȥżС֡
ЩֵǣôߣɻԲһ֮µԲһʮôߣӡʮ̷̷̸ְ֮˴ҵΪΣŭӶǣٲΪʮԲ֮һ
߿һϸԲλڣ߲ףΪʲô˻˶ķԪԼҩһǴԲȡõˡ
״еݾô࣬ƣȴǰңһõ״ĺѾصӡҷˣ⵹ɵĵõʮԲ֮һıɲź˻ὫԲеıȫϡ
Բصλֻһ֪׺ɣＸʮأԲضûб˷֣ɴ˿ɼصıŵԲΪȫ׵ġ
״ѾȷıԲصλãǻѵĽһ޴󱦿ⶪߡ˴ĲƸ߶Щм˵Ŀˡ
˾ȻΪ˶ȡս¶ߵҲЩ䵽ҲȻ
ҲûȥѰԲأϾӺеõѾ൱һʲƸˣΪҪʵȻ̤죬Ǻ·ԽԽļѡ
ûŵֺ֧ͱӻµʵͬ׵ʿѾ޵УֻҪһ¶ͷ¾ͻˮ֮С
һӹصıûҵĵطһʧġ
һУ߿ʼµ;
ʵȻҪǻָΪҪΪ٣ڽеõ޵ĺôĴʮΣգȻ֮
ѪҪѪֲɱ޹ֻнĿŵϡ
ѩ϶֮£ҪԵޣͬһ൱׵顣
ȴһ˼ΪĻָѱշתڴѩ֮䣬ޣȫһնɱѪҺͳͳ飬ҩĲǱȫʰԱá
һڴɽ֮һתһ¡
תۣһѾ֪ʮ죬ۿžҪˡ
һʱ߲֪ɱ˶ޣڻָ˲١ߵǵǣħѾѣĻָħԷʱԽԽƵħԷһһ죬ʲô취޷ħѹȥ
εߣֻһֱµõĺɫָ棬ֻɱ޵ʱŻѳ
ǻָ˲٣ѵħԣֳΪͷʹ⡣
ʲôܹѹħԣ֪
ɽ֮֮߾뿪شȥѰİ취Ͼʿۼĵطܻ֪ѹħԵİ취
Ȼһʱ߲и
һµɽһؾѾȶȸ쾭Ĳ־˲٣Ԫǳࡣ
Ȼ֪ͨʿԪж٣Կ϶ǣµԪ֮ͨһͨʿҪ嫵Ķࡣ
߳ɽ˵һСӡ
ֻƫԶشСӣƶƶ񤣬߲ûж΢һ·֮ͼǰС
½˲ٴӣСҲµλá
ôʱȥѾ߳˽׸Χʱڵߴ֮һ̴ĵؽ硣
ߴ󸮣иԵĹϽ໥֮ϸķֽ磬Ҳִ۷ƶĹأûеõ۷ǵ֮䲻໥Դ򽫻ܵٲõĲþ
һĸΧڵԴó˰ȵȣ໥֮ԴҲ͵ǴѹԷĸǲġ
ݣ۷žԵĻȨһΪ۷Ǳǿʵܣһֱ֮Ȩ
֮أڴӸݻԴͬʱҲŸݸ֮ȶƽ⡣
ڸĲ壬Ŀǰ״ݻǴȶ״̬
µİ̴ȻսĲ򣬵ȴϱȶĵλӴϽؽ硣
߻һʱϢĿǰ̴״֮󣬱һǳطȥ
̴һ̴ĺİٻλϽİٻ֮Уµλֻǰ̴ϽصشӴİٻȺԶ˵ķ̶Ҳôߡ
ɳǡ
ߵĵһվ̴̤ĵһԱȽϷĴǳء
֮ǰѾ˽⣬ڰ̴еĳǳض԰ٻһ
߷糾͵ɳǴǰʱѾһյˡ
ɳǵĽͺһʮֵԼΨ˵ĵһоǺܵһίķɻ
ߵԤϣɳǵĳſʿء
ЩŵʿʵߣҲǺ߰صĲΡ
ߴʱѾǿߵƣȻɽһ£µ·ȥòһǵСؤǵֱվڷɳǵĴǰʱ̾ŵĺʿ


113 ɳ
߲ûпϢǰɽк̰Ĵսµǰ̤֮ʿ֮˴ս£ʱ˿¶һɵǿߵϢ
ӭǰɳʲôҪЧ͵𣿡
߸ովŵʿѾһߵǰ
ЩŵʿȻ˵ʵ츳ãȴһ˫ױȵ۾ͳһʿֱ
ȻǿߣȴֺܹĿκһµʿʵ
Ҫ㶫֪ɳôдһǽ
ڶԷĳƺߵ˿Ҳȣ֮ѾȻǿΪɽ磬ʵǿأʵСͻᱻ̤ɽûνķɣֻһ겻ɣǾǿΪ
ҲʮͨʣҪĸԸ˵ҪѶϢʵǿ󻹲ʿ
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ãǰˣǷɳо¥׵ѹᣬҷɳǵĽҲһʮʢɽʢᣬһǰһܹҪĶ
һæ߽š
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ﲢΪߵأǴﵽ֮󣬶ʳҪ˺ܴߣͨʳȻͬӣǻ಻Ҫʣ˵ﵽ쾳ʿʳҪҲǺܽġ
СķȻܾ£ѡõʳȴͨģʮַϺʿѡ
ʳʳĵҪֻһһ̤֮อٵĻܶ΢ı仯ܵı仯ͨһ͸ȫ߸ͨתʿǼ켸ҹϢʳȻֱܹ״̬ͻ
ڷﾲ˰Сʱš
ȵɳеĽ׳ȥϾ˸˵ܹ⿴ͨĽ׳ϵõ벻
߻ǰϣ¥еĴϣϾһı֡
ɳǵĽλڷɳǳϣרſһ޴ĿյأҷɳҲɳִСȫ첻ЪѲӣάȶ
ʱʮ֣Ӱۣȥǲͬʿּۻۻ໥̸
׵Ľʮֵļ򵥣˾޴Ķ֮⣬һ򵥵ķָߣ뵽ǰһطǾǲг
ֻ⽻ҪȲгߵĶ࣬ΪһСС⣬ʿϹϵٵĸһ
ޱ߼ʵڽߣͬʱɢԲʮ׵ľ룬ɽͼһǳΧʮ֮ڵκζܹĸо
Ȼ˵ɳǵĽ󣬵Ҫڱʱȥһ࣬Ƿҩ޵ȵȶԵ˵Ρ
һҪѰܹΪѹħԵıڽתһӣЩЩôķ׭ϡ
֪һСʱȥӰ˵Ķ˲٣ֻܹѹħԵıȴû
ЩʧʱȥоһϢ
һоϢ֮Ȼ


114 Ī
߾ݵļ˼֪֮Ϣʲô
壡
еϢ
Դһڱ̿Ⱥɽ˽Ӷӽ֮󣬶־һͣѾ˵ϢһķֱʱΧֵϢֻ˲Żе֣ŭͷϢ
𺳣Ѿ͸
ǵĵкֵĿģ
һˣżȻͻܹ˵ͨǵڶΣڶλżȻĻԾ˵ͨˣϾߵļУˣһֱһһĻ˲ܳϣ
˲ܳϣ
ѾˣҲһżȻ
ʶľתͷȥѰǸ˵λãתֱ֮̽ܵĳ嶯ѹȥ˵սǿǷһεսѾᣬһܸоˣʵǳĿֲ
ԹԵˣȻѾΪˣǿսױȵ츳Ѫͳȴ޷ıġ
߲ɫǰߣͬʱĸоǹϢķλ
߳һСξ룬ߵɫΪǸ˵ϢǵûкԶ룬ǸӵĿˣ
ˣֻһǾǸѾ⵽ߣ
߲Ҿӿ˲
ǲƬ̵Ĺͱķ֣ǹϢȻߣûԶ룬ԽӵĿˣܹоǸɲ˾ʮλã
Ҫʲô
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ո뵽ֿܣ߾ַˣˣظ߹Ѫͳ޷ͷ֮⣬ʿûκε
Ǹ߹ѪͳϢʵ߾ܹĵģֻҪһ˽⣬֪֮Ժ󣬲пܸо˵ĴڣĻһվǰҲ޷ֱ
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ͷЦǺǵģ˵Բ󣬵һҲһ˺Ӱͷ
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߲ͬˣԭͺþƣټһ֪βһʵЩڡ
ͷȵĺܿ죬¶ǣ߾Ȼое㱵ζ
ʱĪʣֻǼ򵥵ĵͷ
С£
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ûʲôֻһС¶ѡ
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ĪĻ˵Щί񣬵˼ˣǾҪȴûԪǾ߽Ԫá
Ԫ
üͷһ£ȻҲƣҲӻ˵ĵز
ǵģϷ򲻽ֻ࣬һǧƷԪȼȻлС硣
һһǧƷԪȷʵ࣬ĪҪԪʱߵϻ¶˼˿ԥ
ȻⲢĵԥǧƷԪ⣬֮Ի¶˼飬ֻΪ˲öԷвƵҰˡ
㡭
Ī뿴ߵ¶ԥҲ¶ʧɫ
Խ㣬ĸسŵˡ
˵꣬һӣƷԪӺڽָз˳
óԪСͷһϲſӽ߷ԪסȻ봢﷨С
һṦһǧƷԪСͷĪϡ
СĶݣϷģϷЩС£ʱò뿪һˣСһΪ˲μӾ¥ģǼĻỹܶࡣ
Ī뿴ѾסƵģ˵⼸仰֮󣬾ͼҴҵĳ˷¥ٴηؽȥˡ
Դߺ⣬һǧƷԪ˵ʲô£Ī֮߱
һ¶ǣ̷֣ԭһֱΧϢڷɿʧš
оһ仯֮һ㶣ˡ
һֱɵˣȻСͷĪɣ


115 ţƤ
ԭһֱΪǸص˾ڸоϢʧ֮̾˳࣬ԼȻ˶ƣԼЩš
ôװ׵ĶһǧԪô˵ҲеСϧ
һҹ޻ڶ߲ûٵȥǰĴڷ¥֮УһǽʵûʲôõıޣһʮֲԸǸСͷĪ룬Ȼ˵ٴļʲ󣬵еġ
˭ûȥȴ˿ӰСͷĪļʣֿԴԭİٷ֮ʮȻ֮˰ٷ֮١
ѽɰ
ʱڷ¥ߵķſڣĪüëšһЦĿƺֵܹطߵһϡޱȵ顣
ɣ
߿ɲΪôɣһ㶼ɡ
Ѿרġ
˵
ԭ˵ЩĻţǻȴ˻ȥ⻹еɡ
֪ʲô飿
߲ˣɴͰСͷõ
ⲻôȾˡ
Ī⵱˵ϹƫƫСͷĲģȥ龹Ȼû˿ı仯ƵЦݡ
߶ʱԼѵһļƷţƤǡ
ȾƾͺȾưɣ졣
Ҳ˵ʲôǰСľƣֱӰ˾ôͺ
ϾƱֵķ֣ĪƺЩԾȴûп˵ʲôԲһ硣
ֵǣҾ¶ǣСͷϾȻû˿ı仯ǺǰһģһЦǺǵģһͰ
С磬Ǹеæ
ƣĪǿˣԱˡ
һ⻰жʱͲµ߰˷֣һѲҪǮˣ
Ȼû߿ӦУĪ볤̾ĵݺô꣬û뵽Ȼһƥƭˡ
˵䣬ͿĪڶһӷֽͭƬһԶһء
ƣôһ
ĪӣͣĴһƷƬ
ҲˣһԭЩ׭ǺƷѾôϡãڷ׭˺һƬһƬһ
һǧԪȫһƷ
е㲻СͷôϣôԴӻǷ۷۵ģ
˵ˣҲܹһۿЩȫƷοһӵѪͳˣѲЩʱ۾ɵģ
߻û˵˫һֱǶѷƷ
Щľģڿɺá
СͷĪ˵ֱ֮࣬ţӶ鹢ڻ
֪ĿģҲĨˣһ֮ڵ˵ɣδ٣һǧǧ
Ī˸˼£˵ǧһΣǰƭӲףɶ໨ǮҸ֪֪׵򡣡
Ҳ˵ָһ㣬һŻɫƷԪ䵽ϡ
Ҹһ򡣡

Ī뿴أϲƷԪʱɴ۾
һƷԪļֵصһٿƷԪһƷԪļֵȫһٿƷԪļֵԴƣһƷԪļֵҪһƷԪ
ȻĪû뵽߻˵Ŀ󷽣ǳױסˡ
иߵְԪ棬ĪȻ֪ĿģұǣԺ󣬲ҪճңĽԪɱͨ
Ī붢߿һᣬֺǺǵĵ˵ͷȻÿ֣㽫ԪС
֮ʱĪſںȻת˵Ǹˡ
Ȼ뿪
ˣ
ϵЦ˵ʲôζϧûɱ˵ʱ򡣡
˺ͻûзָģߺǰڰӯǰƴʹƼҡ
߸һȻ׼򣬵һֱΪԼǰǽһ֯ĵ·
ûñ
߳̾һֽݹţоĹͨȥˡ
ڶ磬ڷгԷޱȵĽŲŷžͱͨͨͨײ졣
üվžͱײһӻ׵Сͷǹغ«һ˽
С磬ȣ
СͷŵػûüѾæк
ãⷳ˵ļһˣɫʱѿ
߻ǽĿŵſڵһϡ
˸ˣʱѾɷĳſڣϢǿᣬһ֮£ȵķֵоȻʿ
϶͵ӵԪƤι
ȳһλ쾳ĺúߴףȻһִ࣬һâ󽣡
ſһվһŶ
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Īһ߷ŭ磬һѸٵ
״ڽ֮ȴǺɵľ󽣣һâֱն
СͷĪ뻹ûվȣâĸϵĪ벻òٴηâ
״һգеļҾȴһϡﻩӰһӾͱâɨķ顣
һ״ǰһٴξ

״ǰѾһ棬ҵֱӷȫķλ
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ȳ֣˫Ѿɱ⡣
ȫߵĴڣʵŭûбӻĪ˼ִŵĸоʵˬ
ӴǣӲ簡
ʱһѾ״󺺵ı˳
ͬǿߣԲǰĴСһţҺݣֻһ˫ȥرյ۾ʮ
۾ôգΪˣͲÿˡ
м˽
ȻǶһġ
˵Ҫ𣿡
߶һ֮תͷĪ롣
찡С磡
ĪŲվ󣬾ҵ˴ɽһ
߲˵ˣ±˵Īˣ¾ԼЩˡ
СӣҵԪҪѵ֣
״һ˫ɵĹԲĴۣĶߣĺȵд󽣸вָߡ
ʱĪȫСͷİСǱ߸סˣֵܹסʵֵܲסδ֪ˡ
ߴʱѾɢʩչй۲й۲Щʵ
Īˣ˵սʮǿŶԣ߸ûдĪϿһ˿˵ԽС
ѵ˵Ǹ˲
߿ʼЩԼжˡ
Ȼɷʱǣۿ߲ݸӵЦ˵Ǿһģһ˵
˫̧𣬺ȻʼͨԪҲǰǿ
״ͬĵ˵ļǣ
Ȼдذһ壬һȦɫԴΪѸӡ


116 Ӷ
ۿžôԵ޹ʵı˽ȥѹûȥʲô
ʱһʱģɽ겻ɣȭͷȻ֪Īô񣬲֪ĪΪʲôţƤһʱЩҪҪҪȽǰЩµļһȥȻĪˡ
Ҳ˵վԭز˫Ȼſ˫ʮָҵĻ档
Ȼ˫Ȼǰһӡ
ˢˢˢ
ƿ
һ־ָͨף
ŭĳ𻯳ʮҫ۳ҵǣֱƹ״󺺵ľ޽ֱǸӵ塣
СӺõ
״Ȼһȣ˫б⣬о޽ջأһᣬһİĹĻǰγɡ
״󺺿ǿߣҾжϣʵʮа˾ء
ʱ״һӳֵĹĻȻҲһͨ
״󺺻ӽĻͬʱվߵҲųˣҲһûжκηֻսַʵֻ֣֮䣬ԭĵذѸѣʮ״ļѸٳϽɱ
һŹ߲ͨûж룬£ѾһϵȻƣЩ˲䣬˫ٻӶͬʱѸڿա
ȸ
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⻹û꣬ߴĵָһ̬Ѹٴ״󺺻ĹĻͬʱѾٴʩչͨ
ǣ
ǰվλΪģһƬ˲串ΧķΧ
̷ı

һ״ۼԼĹĻ˲䱻ȣֱӽ޽طֵӭĻס
ײ޽ϣ죬Ļ׵ķâһͬɢ
һʱ䡣
״󺺵ľ޽סߵĵָףߵһлǣֱӽϴĹ׻Ϊҽ
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ԭ¶ǵʱ˿̺ȻѾˡ
ҲѾĪ£ΪȻ֣Լ֪֮侹Ȼﵽ˺ͬǿȫĵزƺǼսʱʹĺ˴һ
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Ȼ˫Ȼ򣬿Ҳ˲ԸǴ򣬱˵¥ϰ壬ʿ硣
ιιιιһǿҪİ
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߿˿¥ϰ壬һָЩˣȶ֡
ҲȻ¥ܹȵĿɳУȻдıӻҪ˶ãͻ¶ˡ
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ڱ治ڷɳǻȥô
һ⻰վ޽״ɫһ䣬һ˸ٿʱǰѳѰľ޽ѾʧžͿѸת߳䡣
ǺǺǣԭ˾ͽܹˣڱ֪֤ٷ
״󺺺ڱۻˣһͿʼ˵ˡ
ۿֹ棬֪ڱѾٶˡȸʼĿ䵽˾ͽܹϡ
ʱ˶Ѿɢߺı㿴Ժվһߡ
Ȼ뷢Ѿףȴˣ˫۾Ǹһֿ͸ĸоͦΣȫһ˿̬
˼֮߱ˣ˾ͽܹڷɳбȻλȻΪ˾ͽܹܵʵƺߣվȴǸһε
֪˾ͽܹɢԴھþλɵһƣǾӹɵƿء
ܹɶǵˣҲֻгˡ
ڱı̬˾ͽܹƺĵͷȻ˼ڷеߣͶԺڱϰʧ𣬿
ȫ˾ͽܹܵ˼
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ڱϰһȥо⳥ˣҲѾɢȥߵķҲѾĿȫǡ
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˰죬߿һʼղ˵һ֣Ҳû˼ȥԣԻ˻֣ȻԹԵ뿪¥ϵĽˡ
ۿ߽ʧȺУһֱһĪȻ̧ͷߵıӰϢܹѹ񷣣ҵϣء
Ȼ֪Īеʲô뷨Ųߵʱ򣬸ղеĲҲѾɢ˲٣ΧĿϾӵ̯λƷ߿ʼ
ߵƺһ۵̯λ棬˼ħʯ
ħʯһ̺ʯ;ҲʮֵĹ㷺ٵ󣬶õĵط
Ϊħʯ;㷺ϡг̶ȲߣҲֻñȽϹļ۸Щħʯȥ
Ȼԭʼħʯ޷ѹħԵģ⻹ҪַͬƣƳʲôܹڲ˺Ļѹԭʼħԡ
ʲô»ûһ˼·Ͼûжپ顣Ⲣռϡ
һֱתƵڣ߲Żص˷¥
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Ǿ¥ˣҲ߱ϣĵطϸ۲һ״̬ȷûʲô֮󣬲ŰĽ


117 ¥
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ǵķܶ࣬⵱ΪصһǸ˽
һΪͿԵרõĹϯУһʲôıڰȫ涼߲١
Ȼ۲ƣȴǾ¥ĹΪûھ¥κζ
Ҳ⣬볡ȯ֮󣬾˾¥
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ΪɳǵĳΪʲôע⵽ߣ͸ˣΪܹڷ¥м
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ΪЩԭûдӦԷ롣
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׷ӡ
ǵģߴʱҲָоΪŮʿԿܡ
ƺֳѾʿʵˡ
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ʱѾװ޵Ůһк첼̧ŵ˺ʯչ̨档
Ůẓ́ת뿪
ʱһʲôûнԴжϱ󣬿ϡнʲôģҩһࡣ
ߵ볢ŶʶȥһǺ첼浽׸ʲôǷȫ룬ƺȫεĽƸ֮ʶ޷͸ȥ
̽һȫûнҲԲˣҪ˶Ȼ׷ûеһʱ佫첼ҿȫǵһ˵θڶѡ
ڣ׷˵˼ܹ˿֮󣬽ʯչ̨


118 ׹
׷½첼ʱܹоΧ˵ĺ˲٣Ȼʮڴһرʲô
һһ㶼ȽϹϡУڸտʼܹһСľ۽𣬴ӶһɾȳȻ¥Ҳѡֹõַ

׷ûٳɣֱһ̧첼ҿ¶Ϸŵı
ʲô
ΧȻ˲ͬľȴѹûʲô
Ǹűϣһ㲻֪ɴɢҫ۵ĽɫɴķԲƼһĶͼͬǣԲεĵֳһִ۵İɫϸ۲ֵܹ֮滹ϸ΢ĵ绡˸
ʲôȻܹ׵磡
ѸٵһԼļ䣬ȴҲֵκϡ
ʱΧĺӵĸˣҲڶ˵ĿвһЩϡŹֵ֣Ȼ޷ȷʲôһȴѾ϶ˣö׵Ĺֵһĳ޵ĵǿԷ޵ġ
޵ĵ
°˼չ̨öƼĶȻѹħԵãҲͲȥ⡣
ʱ׷˫ḧܵĸߺȥȻһĵ˵Ѿ֪ʲôˣϡ޾׹ϵѣ
䣡
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ʮԪҲʮƷԪ׼ѾߵЩӦˡ
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׼һЩȻû˵һʱмۡ
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׷ĻʱΪҪֵ˳ǣ׷߸ո˵꣬в֪ĸλ˽г˼۸
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׷һתѸٽĿ䵽˳˵ϣ˱֮΢΢һЦ޵ѪԦħι̣ǵڽԼĹϵȫõ޻֮ģһֻ׹Ϊս鶼ȡ벻Чοֻأ
תͣĴڳϻ˫ħ˲ͽ˵ľȼ
ʮһǧԪ
ʮԪ
ʮԪ
ʮһǧԪ

ֳķЩ𾪣·Щ˾ѾϹ޾׹ϵѣǴʱ˿վ̨ϳջľɫŮ׷ӡ
ʮԪ
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ţʮ
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ʮһΣûҪӼ۵ģ
ٴѯʣǲƽˮеѾȻҲ֪ӵ˶ʮƺѾ˼ޡ
ʮ򣡡
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һ¼Ӽʮʲôˣ
ʱ򣬼˶ĿתȥѰλãǸҲ̲סİĿͶ˶¥
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׷ɤĿת֮ƵƵ߮š
ʮƺѾԭļֵˡ
ԹԵţû֣Ҳ۸쭵ʲô̶ȣֻǱſֵ̬ȡ
ʮĸ߼۱֮󣬴ӭ˶ݵĳĬ
Ĭûгãڴ˱ơ
ʮŹУٴαۡ
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һӾͼӼ˵ĲȻǲ˵ˣѾݡ
˾ȵǣʮŹб۵ûأʮ˺ŹǸٴ
ʮ򡣡
ԣö׹ѵĽѾȫ˵ҪȾָѾܡ
Ҵ˫ϿѾЩζ
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ʮŹУһߣǲм
ʮ򡣡
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һ򣡡
ʮŹУޱȵƺ˼ŭ
һ

۸߶ЩˣֱǲǮ¶ŻĿĵĻӻһԪȥö׹ѣô㶼ǲֵ
ҲʱĬİʮŹ֮ǶĿתƵ˰ʮ˺ŹڴеŮܹһ𺳵ļ۸
һʮ˺ŹдȻڴѾõı
ɵӣһ򼸸ѡ

̼䣬˶ŵĺߡ
ʱҲˣʮŹеλǱ˳׵ˣˡ


119 ͨž
¥һĸ߼۽ö׹˳ȥڶѾŵչ̨ϡ
ڶԾûо׹ˣ˵׾¥ҲֻǷɳеһУֻǰ̴Ͻеһûʲôر֮
һƷƷ֮汻ǿͨǶ׽ȥͨҲܹŵ¥ϵҪԭ
һṦƷʮļ۸һʿ֣֮뿪ˡ
һЩϡĲҩݣȻҲѹħմϱߣҲЩʧˣ¥򲻵ʲôõĶˡ
ȴߵע˹ȥ
׷½ҿ첼߿չ̨ϵзŵһ濴ȥľӡ
ԲΣ澵ӳֳıأ߿һְɫĲ֪ǺھĲϣƺĳһֽΪϡʯ
澵ӣš׷һԴǣ˵һλں֮ʱһĵżȻãרҵļʦԿ϶ϹĿǰΪֵֹܹȶá
ȶꣿ
һЩ򵥴ǳĹЧһԶһʯܹ߱صľֻȶĻȫûҪĻ
Ȼܹ뵽һ㣬¥רҵʦҲһܹĵôǽ澵óΨһܾǣ޷о澵ӵʲôЧ޷ȷ澵ӵʲô
֪ܵıͷƷ޶¥ҲûϣһӾĵĵ׼۾ܹ
汻¥Ϊͨžľӣĵ׼ΪһԪ
ϵķӦҲߵԤϣʮֵ䳡û˼Ӽۣ޼ļ֮Ҳֻǽ۸̧ߵһǧ塣
Ȼû˶һ޹ЧĶȤ
һǧ
ڱˡ
澵ӣҪעҲȶãȽϿصһ澵ӵδ֪ԡ
Խδ֪ζſǱԽ
߿ƼʱߣһȻŲɡ
ͨžλѾһǧûиߵģ

򣡡
ţ
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ɨһ£ϧ˶࣬ûҵǸ˵λá
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ȻԷһ澵ӲŨȤôֵز˫׷ֵʱǾǴıƴʱˣߺԥļӼۣһӾʮ
ͨžѾ˳۶ʮ򣬻ûиߵģ
չ̨ϵʱѾˣûټӼۣûжôľܹĳʮļ۸Ѿ֮ϲˡ
߶ʮӼ֮ǸԵĳĬһű˼۸
ʮ򡣡
ʮ򣡡
ߺޱĸȥ
ʮһ򡣡
һ䣬֪Ѿ˼ޣٴαۡ
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󣬱רŵ߽ͨžֱӴվ̨϶͵ǰ
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ϲӵĹž
׷ϴ˵Цݣж˹ǰ
ҲһһԪɨѾͨžŵ˺ɫָ棬ͬʱѾʮƷԪ

˵ţ߰ʮƷԪŵϣͬԵԪɢҫ۵Ĺâ˲˵Ŀ⡣
㡭
׷¿ߺ˼ɵĶһֹӣҲû˵ʲô֮󣬱߻صչ̨ǰ
׷µı֣ȻȻںƲ¶׵˼ֻȴû˼ȥЩ
Ϊͨžֵʱȷ֣Ժɽͼٴη˲
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ʱ߾ͶһˣҲһλʿϢ䣬һ֣ʱвʿĵԱԶ롣
Сֵܣɷ澵ң
ɫӥӼ°ͣȧǺܸߣǰˡ
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ҿñĶ
Ҳϲ澵ӡ߲˼ľܾ
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һѹᱦų֮ǰߵȴ˱仯
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ĴȻͬһ㣬һװλķ䣬ڷʵΣо¥ṩĸߵľˮ
ڹ¥λãһƲһʯ͸ʯĿϵչ̨Ҳ֪ʯ濴ޱȣ濴ȴʲôҲһȫΪеĿ˱ݡ
棬һߵƣʮźʯչ̨档
һѾŵչ̨ϡ
ЩǣһѹᱦȻһȻĺʯչ̨ЩŲˡãһӴĺ첼ڸǵʵʵϿ޷жϳʲô
ȴҶ֪ʲô
׷ݺһڿĴתţȻ֪⻰Ƿϻв˸Ÿߺ
ڽҿɴ֮ǰλһ⡣
׷վںʯչ̨Աߣѩź۷ں첼ϣ˫ˡ
ֳٴһƬߺ
ɣ׷µһ̽˵Ķ˳


120 ʯ
İˣǻ㾡õҸͿ𣿡
û뵽׷¾Ȼ⡣
ڳĶʿһпȱȽǣƺվпܵڷ֮ڵƺʸ־ŵѾΪЦ̸ʱ׷Ϊʲôʳ⣬ڳЩ׽͸
Ȼ˼ƺûжϵڳ˶Ѿ׷¹ǵӺʳʱ̻Ӧ
󲿷ֵĻӦǻᣬܿ϶ܾӡ
ҷڵĳ棬ȴһ㶼ûбǣ
ǰΪɱֱǹ¶įںڰźڰ
һڰ⣬ƫƫߵж԰ʮֲ԰ס
кͬ࣬Ҳˮ
ΪԼ飬ƫƫΪᡣ
ܶʱ֪Լһʲôˣ˵Ѿѵ˸˵ķ֮ڡ
Ҳһˣһͬںڰ֮еŮӣȴѾڣʱţߵԺֻһǵ֣廢
廢ɷһʱ
ߵУ˵ĻԻͣجдͣȴԶûܹԽ
䣡
˼ƮԶʱ˾޴ɧ
̧ͷ׷Ѿǿ޴ĺ첼ƿ¶汦ݡ
һʲô
߲ףֻףƺҲûס
Ϊûܹʱںʯչ̨Ķʲô
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Դܿͱ߷ˣλǰʮźŹͰʮ˺Źֻһǽ֮ԭһǽȫģǽȴһС
ߴӤȭͷСǽ߿һ˫Ĵ۾߿
۾˸һеϣĽëҲʮֺÿŴδĹ
ֻǣ
ֻŮĽëȻǽɫģ
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㡭
Ѿ˸ղʵĻˣûעȥ׷¶û֪ıĽܣȫעĹϡ
ɫĽë˫ܾޣҲ˼
ϰĺ췢ԴʱŽɫ۽ëŮû̫ľȡ

洫һƵЦȻĺһԶ֮أ塣ųǿķԪ츳һۣ㿴Ǽʯǿ۾һλĺһǿߵۡ
ʯۣ
ߴʱеˣҲŽɫëŮתĿ·ĺʯչ̨Ͽȥ
Ϊ򳤴ŮԼİ⣬Ǳ㽫ͳŵ棬ҷۣİԼѹϣΪʯȻӰѶʯ͵˲ϼɽϳŮĹǰʱŮڱչء
ߵע䵽·չ̨ʱ׷ڽĶʯ
ĺһ壬ӣڳŮ
Ϲĩ·
𺳣ĺһ֮ʱڿ֮ʣϹĩ·ǰϦû뵽öʯȻ˵һδ档
ʧȥۣӲñȥȵŮسɹصʱֻܿȻӵ࡭
߿̾Ϣ
أ壬ͳ򷽣屼߻Ұ⵱еĺ蹵ǵڣԭͲĽ֣Ľ֣ȴʵ˶̾Ϣ
֪µĳŮʱҲδ̤ϼɽһϹĩ·´֮ʣҲδֹ
׷˵۽ǺȻ飬ȻҲǱĴ氮еϧ
Ϲĩ·Ѿṇ̀ʮĲ׺ɣѾĿȫǣⶨʯٶȳ䣬ò뵽ʲô
ŮϹĩ·ǰϦеĴܣΪɲ⣬ⶨʯ˼䣬⵱ȴҿ֪
׷Ѿָԭ绨ı飬˴Ĵ˻
ȻǺͽ׷ֲģȻӺͳŮİ鶯ǣӶԳŮʸ־İĶʯѾŵ˺ʯչ̨ϣôսᱻϼ۸׳ȥ
ʯļʮÿμӼ۲һ򡣡
׷µȻһϧɫʡ
ӡ
ʱŮ̾Ϣ
ԹŶźޡ
߷¹һеľƱⶨʯʲôô
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ŮȻ
ţ
˵̫ˣԹŶźޣľɵӣ

ȻŮûдӱѹΪĵ䷶ôĽ֣֤Ӿһʵɵӡ
ղʲô
߳Ĭ˼ӣŮҲӦ
˵ⶨʯʲô;
߲ѵظһ顣
ޣйϵȽ϶࣬öʯпҵĺһ䣬ҲпҵʧĲϼɽ˵ͨоĺһܹʲôͨҲһ˵⼸ʮ㲻ԭǲɶõı
һֶпܡ
ΪҵʧĲϼɽǴӵвĺһ츳ͨĵطϾĺһĳʿ˵ûȥѰǵɡ
ңĺһԪ೤˵׼ܹо೤ء
Ů
ŮĻݵ˼˿ⶨʯȻһöܹõǿԳŽ⿪еܡ
˵ĹľѾʯһ
߷ֶǣܵı˾ƺߣеϡ
ƺûж˶ⶨʯȤء
˵ʱ˳ֵ˼
ЩȻˣǵõ˱Ҳס
һ㶣̾ˣʱеԼԼͷʱǰЩˡ
ǰǷΪȨʱʵΪɵ硣
Ȼͬ磬ԴȻͬĽ֡
ʱչ̨ǰ׷£ƺҲϾ۵鲻ߣЦӯӯ˵ⶨʯרŵļʦѾ³˲ٽۣһԲΧתΪҪκԪӶǿĻָ
ԽתΪκԪ
ʯһ⹦Ч֮жʱһһʱ뵽飡
ܹתΪѪ֮ǾͿΪԴԴϵṩѪһܹٵĻָ
ȴûеһʱмۣʼע˵Ľгļ۸


121 Ů
ⶨʯȤ
Ŷ
ɫƽ֪Ůοģ̾¶ԶʯҪֻǻشһû֡
ʱ¥һУѾ˺һһʮļ۸в˽ӶļӼۣӵĹ򣬶ʯļ۸Ѿ̧
ʮ򡣡
ʱҲ׳һۣҲ۸򲻵ģʲҲ߰˰ӣ۸񱻲ϵ̧ʱԼĿǰĲѾ޷нˡ
򡣡
߶žƱ˫ĿˮĹע·ʯչ̨ϵĶʯϵĳż۸
ʯļ۸Ѿ򣬶ҺԻ˲׵ķ
Ĳ˵׷һЧѾ߱ʮջˣټйĺһصĲϼɽǳŮټ⵱κһֻҪѰټֵǧƷԪܹġ
ƷԪǿߣ˵ޱȣǶڸ߾ǿߣ˼һп޵Ķ
Ҹоⶨʯ򲻵ء
Ŀעӣйעż۸ʱ򣬸ڵŮ˵ˡ
ÿÿ·ܹߵ˼һ㣬֮˲Сľ裬ԷĴ˶⣬½һʮѲ顣
Ŷ
߲¶ɫֻشһ֣һһȫȻκ̬Ⱥ塣
Ҳ˰ɣ
龫ֵЦȻŮҿ԰㡣
ֻЦЦû˵
Ҳ֪ʱǲܿڣһ˵˼άһῪôһͱ֤Լûⶨʯʵˡ
ҪӲҿϲأôẦء
һ仰ʯ쾪߸ɽֵЩűˣ⻰˵ģҲ߯ɶ˰ɡ

߷¾ƱתͨǽϵǸСǽŽɫԲŮӺȷŮǰûԵû
ȫһİˣ
ĬƬ̣߿ڵллĺ⣬ҺܸмҲܡ
Ϊʲôأ
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ʱ߷֣ܴ񣬶ҳһɵ֮
˫۾
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ǸŮ֮Ը̵ӡΪǹƺѹ̬۾ǵȫ¶͸¶һ޷׽Ȼ֮
Ҳ֪Ǹ˽ӶŵĶӳˡ
ʱ˿̣ŮأźͬͰ̬Ů᲻Ҳأ
Ҳˣô˽½ϣƺѾȫ߸ЩԭĹϼغɣ⵽Ϊʲôأ
һʱ֮䵹뵽࣬ҲһһֻǺŮһӣȻ󵭵ʵ˰ɡ

ûгߵϣ˵ԼĲ²Ů˲侪¶ֵء
֮仯ģӣ˫֮кȻųǿѹֱ͸ССǽߵϡ
ʲô
εĺһھƣҪţΪҼһˣԲŻƲ벻Ҫģǲ壬ҶûжĹϵ
ȻŮûдӱݵѹ˫֮͸ѹûջأȻߵϡ
Ƭ̣ʵ㻹˭
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ɱǳǣ
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ԭͨϢжϵģǽ쿴۾ĺ񣬶Ҷʮһ֣ҾƲˡ
ŮȻĵ˵ͷȷҪͨ΢ϢжһЩȻǺѵģҲʮСĵϢǲ¶֮ϢҲᱻޣҪͨϢжȻܡ
۾ͲͬˣδΪ۾й¶Լݣƫƫûεʱ򣬶Էȴ˳
˰򣡡
ʱ߽гһ۸
˰ѾĵˣУ㽫ʣİҲѹȥȻǰ꣬ȴҲʮ󣬻һԪӦû⡣
ƺĲ̫ݣŮջ˫֮еѹָ
װɡ
ŮȻ˵
ţ
ⶨʯΪұܡ
ЦЦһǺռˣ㲻κγŵҲὫ˵ȥ
ǲһҪ׿ڳŵһһ֡
ŶЩֵĿŮ
׿ڵĳŵһһ䣿
һ£ôȻشһ⡣
ҺܲףôǮΪʲôӶҽǮαװǸģأ
⻰˵ڵŮʱһ
ֱ㿴أһΪֻҵ츳ܹء
ʱ߲ʾѾˣŮǰǸСͷĪ롣
ҲĪ𣿡
о˼߾ʵ
ŮĪƺױƵģЩ겻ĵͷһ
ʵܼˣǰͷʱϾһ޵ӦһݵζɡǽСҲǸողǿᵽǰһһģһζԲȷġ
ĪЩʧӣ߾ͽԼж˼·˵˳ʵҲܼˣŮӶϲݣ˵ͬһݵζΪжݣôټصݣ¾Զ׼ˡ

Ī뺱ҧŴĬһ˵͵ҵһܰɡ
֮ԽͼӽߣȻɡ⵱еֻһһصϢѹ񷣣
񷣶˵ԭ޾ͷجΣƫƫܹѹ񷣵ڣĪ׷Źأ
˵ֻǲ˸оԼѾ˼ôΪճϢѹ񷣡
á
ߵͷһˣԷԸ˵飬ȥʣʲô鶼һ
õߵɣĪƺһЩƤգգ۾飬㲻Ұɣ
Цҡҡͷ֣ȻûҪ
ţҸ㣬ζɲʲôеŶ
߻ȻŮЦЦеԭеȻ㰡᲻㹫ء


122 ҵǮ
Ҳ˼̵˵򣬶ʯļ۸Ѿһǧ
ļ۸Щˣֱӽгһһǧһļ۸
Ϊ飬˿ںԪ
Ǽ۸ȴȫߵ˼Ҳ֪ڵ׷׳ʲôⶨʯ˵;ЩеĸԼ·ز¶ĸǸǴ˼Ѫһ˷ܵһǰ̧Ÿ߼۽ڽһ·ܣ˿ٵ͵
һƵĹѾһǧİ
˷𣿡
ʱڵĪֻܽм۾
˫ĵˣҲټ֣ҲȥĪΪʲôôԪ֮ǰѶʯ˵ǷģȨݽ裬ԺͷԣٳҲˡ
Īƽһĳ߽м۶ʱ
ڽ߳ķҧ֮ǧľ߼۳Ϊ˾ʮصʯˡ
ĽǽǮöḶ́רŵ߽ʯ͵ߵĹĹУѾв˿ٵ뿪ˡ
һʮźŹ죬ȶ˵׷´߻һλ뷢԰׵˽
ϲͣر
׷µĻʮָɾ䣬ƽ֮һ崺ĸо
ʱȴЩΪһֱڲ˼ĽмۣûԪ飬˼Ѿű͵ǰǮʱˣĪأ
ͣȺĽ֮㽫һõ𿨣̴ڣܸ߼Ĵ
׷Цݵ˵ţһöӡһ䰵ɫĽɫƬŵϡ
߰ӴʯҲ̧˽
øǮ˰
ʱ˱㿴ſ߽һλݰĿιӣЦеģһõ𿨡
õ𣿣
׷ºǸ߿õ𿨵ʱ򣬶ε¶˾ȵɫ
õ𣬱Ҫ߳ٵĵȼ̴õ𿨵࣬ҶԺյ֮ԣʱ˿ֵ̳λòСӣȴһӡûС
˲֮࣬Ȼ˲ʧҪʲô
Ƭ֮׷ȷӦЦ绨ĵ͵¥ûܼʱӭͲҪֲǡ
ͷȻЦǺǵġ
׷½ŵõ𿨣һɰŻݣȷΪλʽ׵Ļôֻ֧һǧԪɡ
ͷһֻһâ˲䱻ֹ
ʮŹ⻪ҫ۶Ŀӱ档

ʮԲӣ̾ϳˣԪһ̺ľʯ
ʱҲΪǼƷԪԸ⽫Ϊ
һ൱һٿƷԪ
ʮļֵԳһǧƷԪ
ʮŵϣ꾹Ȼһֹޱȵ̬ǰӣðѶʯˡ
ԣ⿡ĪˣҲ֪ղڸڵĹôһ󵷹ģ֮ͳģ
ĪƵĽԼӣ߻е㲻ӦһԼôһӽİܼҸ
Ҳɣ߻ľͺ޸
µ龰߿ɲܲԼ̨ҲģĵͷȻָϵĺɫָһâϵĶʯֱ˽ȥ
ȹЩӣһỹ㡣
ʯͬʱͨĪ˵

ĪһЦظ֡
һһ͵ľٶʱ׷ºǰ׹ˣһ꣬һСˡ
Сһ־ڰ̴ΪõôݾͲò˼һˣ
̴ϽжٴļҴõ𿨶һʵ׵Ĺӣ
û׷ºͰȻѾ˵ˡ
ʹؿݹϢĵط¼ɳǶڴ˵̻գ֪ɷ񷽱㣿
еģֻҪԸ⣬ȥš
ǰæشԭľɫҲȥ
ȻҲǳʵģ֪ߴ˾ٵ⡣
ߵͷŰߺ׷һͬ뿪
ΪʲôҪ£
Īһһߴʡ
Ѿ϶ǲƴֵŹͻᱻɷס
߿ǵʮܵղŵһ񾺼۵ǽŵ˷˼ϣʱһ뿪¥֪ж˫۾˵Ȳɳǣͻ̶֡
ƥﻳȻûԼһƥ򣬵ȴ
²Ƿʱɽ磬һǿΪʱκԼûǿʵܵ£ȫ㡣
ޣ
Ī䣬
ЦЦһ䣬Ҳ
һ·ߵĲ㳤߿ǲû߳¥˾¥󷽵һƻֺڡ
߶һ׼ǰ׷ЦȻĽ˴˵λԼ֮󣬾ͺͰ뿪ˡ

ݣ߳һתʱ򣬷ĪѾǱϷһԭģ
ɫĳԲԲӣͤͤΣһº˶
ֻ˶ЩŹ㣬ĪϣԶ͸¶һ޷׽ȴηϢ
ҲѪͳԵʰɡ
߻ǰĪǧŮ޷ƹΪѪͳ츳
Ͳ±˷˵ݣ
ߵһǰЦǺǵĿĪ롣
£Ȼ£ֻҪû֣Ͳܱ֡
Īգ۾˵
㲻Ǳҷˡ
ȻţԼ˵ݴΪԵʣϹʱѾľħͷ֪˵Ȼϡ档ܹżˣеڶ
㣬⡣
Ī޷ˣֻߵ⡣ҲܺΪʲô֪񷣵Ϣֲ˼ֱӿʡ
Դ֮߳ͷԼȻе벻ˡ
ѹ񷣣ǰȴûʵֹ飬Ȼ龹Ȼ˼򵥣ֻҪߣͿ
ҲȥоĪΪʲô˷ֵ飬Ҳл£ǴЩԥоܹ
ҲʣֻǾĺŲ衣
ô죿
ĪĬһᣬʡ
ȥȵϣֱ뿪ɳǡ
ǣܴܲң
Ī˵Լ뷨ֻĻһŮ˵Щ˸档
Ǻǣҵ룬ҾһԶˡ
ߴȤͬʱҲĪһ˿ϲɫ
ʲô
Ȼֵطûв忨ͳǮָ߿Ƽ
ǮߴЦ
ĪĸУ߶Щ𾪣֮ǼǧԪɲһô򵥡һ֪ĪһСƺȡ֮Ԫ˲Ҫ

ȻĪ벻Ǯȴˡ


123 
ҹ٣ɳǱҹĻ֮ߴšǮӡĵĴӾ¥˳
ҪԪҾС
ٶȶһĪ룬ϢĽҹɫ֮С
ܹ뵽ģҲп뵽ȻѾǺҹ߿ɲұ֤Χû˶ңΪ˼ֵǧıȫԸⲻ߲ݵĶ׵¥Χ
ѾٵȥʯǼɶõıǣһϢųȥһʱ䣬ɳǿ»ҳһţʱҪȻ졣
Ϊʲô¥ѡ񽫶ʯȥѾȥǣϾʱѾˡ
ĪȻûиΪʲô᲻ϧһд۵ĸôһǮӣٲΪˡ
ȻŮӵǮЩصҲ֪϶ǰ׻Īľ˼Ȼ⡣
ЩģҲȥ˼ΨһҪǵľܹȫ뿪ɳǡ
ҹֵǵɢƻ
߲ûֱڽֵߣǴӾ¥ĺƳĽǽķС
ɳǲѾ˯ҹԵʮֳ
һߺĪ˳ǽǰ
˿߸ߵĳǽЩԥǲҪ߶Ԫȥ
ĪҲܹɵߵĽŲͣҲվԭأߵľ
һԪȻע⣬ʱڷɳУΧҪʮѡ
ƺѾɲߵԥڳǽǰͣ͵һᣬĸоѾΧڽ¶ɱ
ȥ
ߺȻһͺȣͬʱ˲䱬ҫ۵Ļ⣬ȸ̿âĿڿն
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ǽʮ׸ߣգ֮ȸĴѾ˳ǽϷ
Ȼ벻ǣǰҫ۵֮ͨâѾХ
䣬İȣڰҫۣͨһһɳ۶
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سУ
Ժ˲һͷ̾ͱ񶨡
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Ѳ²⣬п»иĸͨڵ
ɱɱȥ
һȣһɽĪڳǽϷ˫ַһ׹˸ĵ֣һ̳ƥһĵâɳ

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ȸ쾭ָף
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ԶһȣͬʱһĽⱼֱߵƷ׵

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ߵĻǻδ׳ͣͿߺȻ˸Ľ⣬žͿĪȽȽ
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ĽɫɢĹ˿ѷɫȸ
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Īĺճ֣ɸǽһĪ𺳣ԸоԷĹúȻһ¡
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ŶݵߺĪѸ뿪ɳǳǽһȥ
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ȥ鿴Щ˵ݣֻԶԶмʮӰ׷ᣬҲսֻǳصķߡ
أһѹǰһ
ҲΪ
һ׹߶䶼졣
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һѾߺĪǰ
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ʿУһǽǿѹޱߵϣס
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Ī˫絶˫ڿշڣϸϱĽ⣬һ˻ƽꪽС
ʱ飬ĪڵϢѹȥʱԷӳٷ֮ٵսʿʱ˫֮ûһ˿һԥȴ˫֮бޱߵս⣡
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ȥ񷣵ĥ䣬սͨ죡
Īɣʱ˿̣ϵѪƺȫûʸϴǸ߹Ļƽꪡ
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·ǰ˻ȫ塣
ɱ
߻˵Ҳ⣬Ǽ̰Χ˵ǵӹʵһ޳֮Ц
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ǹһӰ߮Х
ƽꪹâɣһӣɫԪ۳һɫڳȥ
ͬʱӰϱ任λá
ߴʱѾǽţͨɽͼöΧʵ͸Ĺ۲죬ҵһʱ佫õѶϢĪ롣
Īվͬһսϣ˱ĹͬԿǿУֻгȥĻᡣ
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һһ̧֮УһѸۡ
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ۿЧߵж˼أʿʵԤϵĻҪǿӦѾﵽ˾
˾ˣѾﵽڻͨĵزǶԪûͨնо޴ͻơ


124 ̺ǧ
ڰ̴߲˽⣬֪ʿݡ
ڰ̴Χڵĸ˵ƣǾͻ֪˵ݡ
ǧ̺꣬ǧꡣ
һƷȻûдﵽľ磬Ƿ֪յƵˣĬĬĽһ
̺ƣ̺ͨ죬յأ̺ƵΪƷǿ󣬸ҪյƻռӵʿΪ֮ݵ̺ͨǧơ
ǧ˲䱬ѣԻɽӡ
ǧٻƷһȦֱӻߺĪֹ
˫Ŀǰת⻪
̺ǧ꣬Ȼ鴫أ
ǧеƣĪ벨ĵ
̴֮ػ켣ѾãȻ˵ǧĴ˵ʱˣҲû̫ľȡ
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̺ƵƺԶԶǧ˵Ҫ
ƺȫ˲յƵˣǧݱ̺ո꣬˱̺ƵĿֲ
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˵ѣ˵ʯҷһ·
ǧɫϿȫһײᡣ
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仰ɱѾȻǰڳʿѾ׷
룬Һȴ˵
Ŀ֮䣬̴Ī룬ѾдȺʿ׷ڲսپûˡ
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˵ͬʱĪһƮߣǲһʮصı
һ֪Ī⻰ʵʲô˼ʲôصı
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Ҳ֪ʲôðٻҵս
ĪɿĴȥͬʱлƽѾ߾٣һֽɫС̫ڻƽꪵĶȽȽ
Ҳ֪
һãܿ뵽ˣһɽͼ
뵽ˣҲٱҲĪ˿̲ݻζȻĪⳡսҲûбʤİգҺ滹ƻʿһжݲаɣ

뵽һΧɽͼٻͬʱѴѵƷԪҪͶС
ڵõԪ֮ɽͼ̱֮˲ַԲס
ԣ
Ī˷ܵĽеͬʱ߾ٵĻƽȻһͦȽȽС̫˲һ
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ĪȻ˫ᣬڿһԾ㿴ֽɫС̫ٿһԾֱĪͷϷĪƶɫС̫Ҳ֮ƶ
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һˮƵ˲䣬ȻǴ˲ͻΪͷһһӿ
֮У߻㱿Ī뽿СӰһҶϵӿͷ·
Īȴ˿ûȴ˼ƽꪹâɣɫС̫ԴȪԴԴϵΪĪ
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Ļⱻٻޱ޼ʵĻ滯һ־
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ԭģĻ˲תһ֧֧Ƿ
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ȸתΪȸ֮ʱʹһ̽»𺣣
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ڱ̿ճǣʱǺʿȻת鵤ʵǿ쾳磬Ͼֻα죬޷ǿᲢۡ
²ͬˣѾ̤죬԰ͬȼʿĻԪ֪һʩչ̺޾ȸ죬һʲôĳ棡
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ߵȸ첢ûſգǧȻܹɵĵֵ˺Щ׷ʿǾûʵˡ
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ҲˣȺ˵ʹһǧ꣬ʱǧûж֣ЩʿȻҲȶ֡


125 ͨںϣ˰죡
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ĪûзŭֻЩãͲ⡣
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ûʱȥֻͣĪô
һ̣Զǧ㿴貵Ļƽꪺȸ϶ΪһӰΨһģֻĽɫ⣡
ںͨ˰죡
⣬ɽͼںߺĪ˵Ϣ֮ߵĸ
⡭ѵںͨ
ǧ˸Ǵһ˿Īɣ
ںͨ
Ҫô̵ɣ
δ˵κεںͨƫƫֻϲŻֵʱ˿̾Ͱǰ
ֻת˲֮ľȣȹǧٴθͲм
ߣںͨΣ
ţָһ㣬ǰı̺ƺȻɳڿһңѸǴ
̺ǧƣ
û֪ǧյе׾н˶ٻǣǵѸǴѸϢϿԶ϶еĻǾԲ٣
ڿԷȻʩչ亱ں֮ͨǧҲڲٱʩչԼɱﵣǿͨ
ʩչ̺ǣƵͬʱݲȵͳһöҩ£ĿעǰĽɫ档
һжýˡ
ǧɫţǧ֮£ûĿܣΨһĽ־ɣ걻ɣĽ̺֮С
룬ŵҩ㣬ںͨὫеԪĵһɶ
ͬʱڱɫΧĵУ߻Ī룬ݸһöɫ鵤
Ī˫ҲıߣֻѸٵſ죬ҳߵƤЦЦ
ҩڿлһСߣȻ׼ȷ䵽Ī̴֮С
ʤڴһ٣
ᶨ
ɫĻǣڿ˸ߣǧײȥ
еı̺ѾǴ˼ޣǧ³Źֵڣ㿴Ӿ޴ðͷ­Źֲлꡣ
ѹѹצ˺ѷεĲҽ˶ġ
ɫһǰĳ̺ƣצĻҲȿֺĳ߶˳ȥ

һɫصĻѸٱըһСɽɫ֮
ĻǸһȿֺ̬׷׳ײȥǵıը̸ǹһ
ǣɫȴûбȫֹӲǱը֮谭ŲԶǧײȥ


126 
ͨںϣǽ˵ϵһȻ֪еϸڣɽͼһ̸֮ʵ
Ƹ۵һûȫİա
ȻһĶˣ
Ĳл걬ըȻĽɫ֮ͬʱҲڷɿŶ˵ԪֻѾ׼˷µǿɶǵ񼶵ĲԪĵҩ֪
˵ԪڷɿĵͬʱҲڿٵĲţһͨںϳ׽ԪĻָȻܴﵽȫʢ״̬ǻָɵ߻аյġ

ڣ˵ںͨƽȸĴֱӴǧлΧ˱ըֱӺ޻ڵײǧı̺ϡ
޴ı̺ƷһѸС
Զǧɫһ䣬һָ̺Ѹٷɻء
׷ᣬƽꪸųޱߵĽԷһٶȳϣ
һΣԲݴ
Ȼܹǧɱﵣ̺ǧƣôҪһֱӳ忪Էķһķ˺һȱڣôͿԶ죡

ٴóŵҩ˷ֱ£Ԫתޣ֧ͬںͨ˰죬ֱӹǧ꣡
̺ǧƶ޷ǧڸоЩˣ
ٳ֣
ȫתԪͬʱЩʿɿ촫
˵ʲôҲܵ

õǧĴʣµʮʿ׷״߶з
ͬʱǧջر̺Ƶ˲䣬ֱڴ˻ûǧѰܣԼ
˫ֿʼɿĽӡһһַʩչǧѰٴųĹâˮ˷Ŀռ۳ȫ£ǧǰ
ӹأսת֮ǧ궼ЩֲԭΪѾȲʤȯʱҲòǺ·ˡ
̺Ѿܵ˲СĴˣһζԷ˵ںͨ϶ǰĳҪǿĶ࣬һǧѰܻܷܲ
ಣ
һе˲䣬ǧɿıŷλͼ㿪߶˵ĹȻһαúܼѡ
ںȸں֮Īƽꪵٶȱ쳣Ѹݣʱصǧ궼ЩӦ
ǧ֣Լȫߵ£Ȼ޷ѶԷ׷˫ľԵ
ۿǧ곯ŶһۣȻͣ²ֱֱվ˫ַץſռˮ֮ȫ£ԼΧ

ʱҲĪϣ߶Ԫһ
ȸȻһٶٴǧЩԶԶ˦
һĻˮĽˮĶԾ
ǧΪ˾ĸ֣δԼһضصʿʱ˵Ǳ벻»оޱߵΣ
˲Ǿɾޣ츳ڣΨһܹΪԼսܵɵģֻǸŮ˵ݣ
ԵѪͳӹɣͬſֲ֮ʹ
ţѹƵ£ŮȻܹ˵ս
ΣǧѾ޷ֹˣһߴȫ̽䣡
ʯע̴ĺһĴ˵ǲϼɽټѾ̴ֲоˣ
¡¡
ľһ̱ɳǶ΢Ĳ
˰ԶڳڹۿʿǣֻܸоǰһǰδеĽɫ⣬ֱʣصŭ
˫ĳײʮֶݣֻգ۵Ĺ
ǵɢȥ֮ʱΧ۵ǺȻ֣ԭλֻǧһվ
ǰΧŮѾӰ
ɶҹգһ˫ŮĶߣɵ󺣣ҪѰ죡
ǧķȻ˺һȱڣȴûܵشȻ˵ߺĪʩչǰδеںͨǧϾ˾ĸ֣ټƸʽķѾжȥ˴󲿷ֵ
ȫŵ˷˺öѡ
ңҹգǧþò
֮ĬĬһ̾Ϣ߶һзֱӴɳǸ߿գʧڳҹĻ֮С
峿Զɽɱ
һߵĸɽ֮ϣӭһ˫ź쾡ͷһȽȽĺա
ӱֱ¶͸¶һɳԨһơ
һ֮˵ǰĵطӦþׯɡ
굽ˣҲǸׯļ硣
Ȼ˵ʱ䲢·һ·նʵͬʱҲԼļԽԽԶ
гһջصׯʱ򣬻ᾪķԭׯѾȥɽ˷ǣҲǰԼסׯ
ҲѪֵܣɰɵСӺԼĵǡ
ʮĳ˵ڼҹء
ţ˫綤һƶ翵ĵط
̴Ͻʮ򣬽׸Ͻʮû̴߳ĵؽ磬Ҫصصׯ֪Ҫòܹ
˰
ʱĪϢ
ɫĳɫӣԶԶĽݣµվⶬѩѩɽۣ֮һ˪ѩѩ
߻ͷһۣ˵ͷ
ǰ̾˿ﶼǷˣһ׾Թ϶Բͻߵͷֻߵ̫ԶһͿû˱Ļᡣ
ߵĻĪõĳĬ续üͷ΢΢
֮ĪĵĵѾӽһûлؼˡ
һꣿ
߲û
Ѿͷȥ۷۵ܵγˮôһꣿ
һꣿһٶꣿ
ǵģҵļһʲôˡ
Īƺȫûע⵽ߵľȣ·ǳ뵽˶Լҵ˼УѾʼ˵ˡ
ԭӦù龫ֵŮȻЩҲԼʵǲӦҵ顣
ɵãԼҵ˼û嵭ǽѾͷҵͷ׸˳
ֻһĪȦЩġ
ûϵģ˾ͻȥҲؼһˣʮ֮ңֻҪһֱȥһܹ߻ȥ
˵ʵȰ˵Ĺʵզأ˵Ҳʵ
ҲôһṦѾ¾ˣΣҪؼһˡܽ׸ѾͨҲں
ǡ
ĪЩԥƬ̺һ˻ȥһᱻЦģҡ
⻰߲ˬһЦʲô·Цȥûʲô˵ģ
ǲһ
Īɿ˵ֿʼԥ
ҧ촽ԥ˵ΪˣŮҵкܴΣҡ
ûϵأٴ󣬻ؼҿֺη߿Ī˵ЩʱԵԥȻѾ漰˵أѹͲʵʲôΣֱӽ
˵֮ټΣʱҾͰ㣡
ߺƵĻʱĪ˫˸ǲƬֿʼȥ
ҡ뿪㡣˵


127 ԸҲҵ

Щ֪˵ʲôˣ˼ҹҶô˵һӺԿ
߳ĬĪȻչյûϵģһؼҺܿģҪ˶þٴγҳ֮ȥ㡣
΢˼һ£˵ͷ
ĪԼʱ̾ͷˣׯڽ׸֥һСĵضҴʱǻڽ׸⣬Ҫü򵥵Ļ˵ׯľλûѡ
һ֮߱ѰһɶĳǳأȻɶдׯ䡣
Īϸļ֮󣬲ȻһЦǾ˵ˣҲ㲻뿪
ţá
߻شĵˬ죬ֻûĪΪʲô˵˵ϲʮֵĲѧ
ĪĻһٶ䣬ܻôõģʲôɾ޷εûĪ뾭켣нͷ˵ͲһʮʵʲôŮӡ
Դ߶벻ȻɴҲͲˡ
˵˼ףĻ֮߾վѩɽ֮ĿĪ뿪
Ī벢ûŸɽУվԭش߶Ԫ
ŨԪӿЩȣǵĪܷܷʮָһʱ֪ˣʩչһŶطǰҴ֮еسɴĸ߳ͨ
ȻĪʮָ֮лһӲӵĳųˡ
ŵһѩɽۣ֮һӵ翵ƶա
ĪתͷЦЦȻ̧̤˽š
̤صĽţĪ˲ͱƶ˵á
ĪӰ𽥼֪ĪӰȻǰ˿Ѿǧ֮⡣
˭֪߸Ҫתͷ뿪ĽŲӱ
ôֻˣ
ᵽĪһ޶㣬Ѿ֪ȻȥĪˡ
һʱ뵽ĿܾѾͷַˣȻΪĪζԸȥ
ֻǵĪϾȻֳѵһɬЦʱ߾ԼһεжЩףȻĪȥΪʱڡ
ļǲҲԶ
ĪûͷûԵһ䡣
š
ȷԶʮ·;¶˵ɲһľ룬ʩչȸȫ;õҩԪԪҲҪһµʱ䣡
һ£ѹȥ
ʵ¶ĻؼҵʱоΪ·;գֻϲûбֳĪֱ˳û취ֻʵش
֪ͨʲô𣿡
Īָűƶյλýš
ӦĶͨɡ
Ī뻶ĵͷߵĲ²׼ȷ
ϹʱѲĴˣżȫӿռĳֻһĹܹԼҪȥλá
ܹһģѪͳ˵Ķͨ
֮ͨͣȻͬ졣
ź˵ķѣȻʧܣձ޾ԨűѪͳͨҲ޶ȵ
Ȼͨ˵Ѿۿ˲֪٣ټ񷣵ĥǶԶͨ󽵵͡öܹ֮ͨʩչȴҲֻΪ߶ѡ
ϺѲķâѾš
һӳֵͨΪšңԶʱǰҵͨѲ硣ȻǶԿռ򣬵ȴʩȴûҪ󣬷ӵʸˣᱻŴռʵںֲΡ
Ī渵ҲˣŸһֺĵı졣
ʱΪʲôרܻ˵ͨ;أ
ѵǣ
㲻ͨҰɣ
ЩĿǰŮ츳ͨճ˵ǾԲ⴫ģǿͨô׵Ĵˣ
Ȼôؼңһ̿˶ѧͨͿԺܿĻؼҿء
˵ЩʱĪѾúܵˣѾϲǰֻһƵļ
ȴû̴ӦȻ֪ĪΪʲô˵֪һ˵ʮҪĶͨĪ˽԰ŴӲ⴫ͨ˵ܴ鷳
߲ȻõͨĪ˵ģ뿴뿴ī뿴һˣĹĴס
ȻǵĶͨҲѧ
⻰Ȼ˵ĺί񣬵ȴĪ¶Щʧɫ
֮࣬߸Ļǲ⡣
ѵ˵Īϲˣ
ȻּȻ鼫Ĳѧ
ĪĬƬ֮󣬺ȻûϵģȨģûܹңҲûɷԵģֻҪܹҾͺá
˵ţĪ벻κηӦȻɽǰ˫۷ɿĻߵĲӡ
߶ʱЩŮˣãȻȥЩʲô
ȻĪƺشľƵģ˫һƵϵͬʱȵ˫Ѿ׼ȷĺߵ촽ճһ

ѾЩˣһʶȴѾԶĸо˲ѿ
ڲԥ˫˳ƴĪļͷ£Ůʡ
ʱĪ룬ޱߵջ欶ߺޱк߳׵û˱廹Ǿ
ȵ˫һڸܹоһΪԭʼĳ嶯ڽ
֫ƻһǡ
ţ
߲֮𼴽ȼ֮ʣȻоһɴϾʶ˽˫֮ʯ͵Ժ֮У
һƪ֣һͨ
ţ
ɲ֮߱ˣĪ˷йľٶΪȷ⣡ضֹķʽֱͨӴ
̣һ֮䣬߱侲
ѽӽڵٵ侲ĪѾ˹࣬ǱźĿģѾ
Թ޻ڵɳǣϧ¶еݣǺĽ츳ͨ
ȻǿҪĻĪ벻ܾȴڸܣ
ֻǾ˫Ȼһǣ·ҪǴزϣߡ
ѩɽ֮ϣŮӵɾһķ羰
û˿ѩһĴ
֮Īһ̣ɿ˫ϻŵĺΡ
Ŀһۣٻͷ첽̤š
վڽǶˣĪȻ׵ԸҲҵ


128 Ƽ
ԸҲҵ
Хţܿ콫ĪӰɢʧңԶƶʳ֮С
仰Ȼ˵ЩͻأǴʱȴʮֵףԸҲҵĪ룬ֽĪ룬ԸҲҵԸ㵱ҪĪ룡
ſ𽥵ȥĽţ߻ӵ˼صŮѾ̵ӡ޷ȴҲԼڲ֪֮䣬ѾӦĪǾ仰ԸҲҵ
ĿĪ֮ϥɽۿʼϸոӡԺš
ɱĶ紵ȴȻ
ʱһһεĹȥյ䣬Һܿľٴصɽһˡ
չ㷱֮ʱһȻˡ
ȻվȻʳָǰһ
һɫָѸڣɫӿһֱ쵽ңԶĺҹʡ
ѾܹǿʩչˣȻܴﵽĪֻĵزţؼҵٶȱȻ
ҹХŴ˷ѩɽ֮۵Ϣ֮󣬱㵱ʩչţңԶׯȥ
ҹգǳ㣬ߴʱ·Ⱥ֮䣬һõĸоʤꡣ
ȻߴʱԺȴһֱһ޷͵ʣǾӵѪͳʩչͨţԼأ
ԼȻˣȴĪֹͨĴڷʽŴ֮ȻܹᡣҶһ㣬ΪĪ϶֪еֻǲûиˣ⵱п»ʲôҪشڡ
ѵ˵Ī¶֮һǣ
ǰĪͻȻ֮ƻ߶ʱԺٶ
Īһһƺɣӷɳǵĳ֣ѩɽ֮۵ı룬Ȼ߻пٵŮ㺣Լƶȷġ
ΪŮĪ뵽׵ʲôأ
ߵ˼ʮᣬĪЩϳľٶΪֱĪȥ֮ʱᵽĹŮϡ
˵׼縺ʲôΣ
ѵ˵ֻܹŮеô֮еأǶڸЩʲôأ
߰˼⣬һһʩչŵͬʱﶼдĪصŮӰӡ
һҹȻµʱƣĽ棬ѡһϢ
һҹıеҩԪĲ䣬ߵԪûܹӼϣԪѾĵһ˿ʣȫǱͿһ㡣
뿪ɳǵʱ򣬾Ѿֻ졣
ɳսӶݣѩɽ֮ϲţ¾ֻʣ졣ʱ߻ûг׷ɳ̴ĵؽ硣
̵Ϣ֮ٴʩչţȫ·
ʩչַʮֵĹҲֻΪһִͨ޷սʹãΨһܹսϷõĿ¾һˡ
²ûʱȥ˼ЩֻǺĽԪӣӿϻصٶȡ
ʱ̴֣̤֮أ׸Χ
̤׸ĵؽ磬߲ûֱ׼ȫ··һǳؽȥ
Ҫ׸ʱͨ˺̶ֳȣٴһ±ûʲô
ȻĻóȻڽϣһ˰׸ʿ֣ԼһĹ֮п¾ͳˡ
ʯĳУѾԼװıһͬʱս´泹ڸסԼϢһڲܹϳսµ£߸һͨеͨˡ
ǵĿĴǴһϢߵһоٶʮֵĵ͵һλеľ¥ֱһ¥ѡһ۵λ£Ҫ˾ƲˣںȾƵͬʱҲйעΧ˵ۡ
һ֮ҲŷˣΪͨǽ˼ŵף棬ʿǣǰעŵ˽׸֮Ҫٰһʢ档
ڹע׸ؽͨʿ֮٣жߵһλؼ֮Ӧʮֵƽ
ͬʱҲһЩڱڵϢĸ¹ȥһֱԵʮֵ͵ɽл͵ľٴȻûиı䣬Ҳܹ˽⵽ڲϢ˸ûС
Թ֮ڳй㳡תһȦ޴ͨȻڹ㳡Ϊ۵ĵطע˲ࡣ
ֻڹ㳡ͣһȻ㵽еĵһЩõ£ֱӳǡ
⣬߲ʱ䣬ֱʩչš
һһҹͣķ֮ԵĶŵϤ̶ȴȻ޷ıʩŵٶȻȶԶߡ
賤죬˱磬ߴʱǵܵʿɽص泩֮⡣
·ɽһ㣬ǳҲСָµĸоߴһʶ֮С
ǰںڰ۷壬ǱסûĿܡ֮ϵĸоһΪ֮
̤ޱߵ磬ӵʵµĲγա
ľƺЩ񣬲ʮ֮űʵ
ǰѾվ˺ڰ۷壬ûܹƿŵΪʱֳʱҪԼҪصĴۡ
ͳײͬˣɽûзɣɽɾǿʳǿΪһȻ̤죬Ǻʹ˵е۷廹಻֪ٸʵԽǿԽɽ۷ԽӵĿֲ޷ĵز
ڷѾǸ߸Ϻ绽ȥˣڸǿǿǰȻ϶磡
ߺʶһ㣬Ծʱڷ֮䣬ҲԵʮֵ͵ǰʯʱ򻹺ϰּۻһ
ҹȻȫĽųׯС
׸Χ̴֮ػҪϲ٣ߴһ¾Ŀǰٶȣֻȫ·м䲻κεϢܹǰһϻׯ
Ҫ˶ܹɵ·;Уߺĵ̷ָֻԪĵҩͬʱԪ
ڶڵʱƮ˫֮˸Īı顣
·һǳء
һ·ĳǳأ߲ڳɵģֱӴ߶Ԫȥ
ɶǣǰһ죬ڸϵɶǣļׯһǳء
ɶȻǰ㣬ûжı仯һϢ֮˽ȥ
ӽֵ㳡ɶתһȦڲû˹ע׸֮ͨ󣬾Ϳ첽뿪
ʱׯѾԶˣ߲ûʩչţƾʿٵƶϻء
ϤɽһһߵҲ˲ٵĲ
һˣһ֮ׯǷһжã


129 
ؼˡ
ׯǰ
̤Ϥɽ·ϤĻĲݵ棬߶ʱһ˵С
ƯСģıصˣһظĸо˲Ϣ֮Ʈͷ
ԶҹĻµׯȻ뿪ҵʱׯׯȻǵĵƻ
ʱҹǶûϢǳԹ֮æµΧŻļҳⶼǴ֮ʱȻ顣
Ϣߵ˴ǰС·ϣŲһС·ׯ
뿪һʱ䲢ߺԼ·ԽԽԶ֪Լһܹصׯڶ֮
ʱС·ԱߵĲݴϸ΢̸оˡ
̤ʶǸо쳣Ȼ΢ȴӲ˫ۡ
Ŀһת䵽Զһ֮УžͿһӰˢһ¾ͱ˳
žһ߿Դ˷ܵĻ
ף
˳
Ȼҵҵĵׯػְڱѩ֮ȻܹиػڴׯΧ
ͬҲϳߣǴǻĺожϳ
Ἰ߸ǰ޴Ļͷߵϲ˲䣬ͺ˼
ǰһء
һڴͷȻһǰһ߽ׯ
ҹ캮ʱеĴǶڷ档
һֱߵſڣû˷
ȻŹ⣬ȻĸΪæµ
ƿϤķţ߱㿴ĸһСϳĬĳ̴ɭɶĬмһС裬иɲյ
űƿ⸸ͬʱתͷſλÿȥ
ܣ
ȷӦǶɣȻվʹ۾ȷԼûп֮󣬶ʱϲĪĳ˹ȥ
ܣ
վɭͬҲд˾ϲɫ
΢΢ЦЦȻ̤˷š
磬һˡ
߽ݣһľСڻΧ
ɣ㣿
ֱЩԼ۾ԼĶӻоԼΣǴʱ˿Լߵ˲ԼΪгϢǸ
ҡЦŵͷ
һδѣ̴ֶЩ
ǵģߵĻʵһ˾ϲ
Ƭ̣վ嵽ſڣųλõ˭ˣ
ţٵĽŲ
ɣˡ
˫մ۵Ҳ˵ʲôˣ첽ߵţ·ȷʱڼе˵ǲԼǣҵǸɡ
Ҳ㣬Ҳǡ
۽ʪ˫۽ѾԵ§ڻ
һ˻ϲܿ㵽һЩ˳һССķѾڴõķʳ
ѾǿߣʳѾٹֵҶʳ൱ߵҪ󣬵ǰȴͬļңķˣȻªȴַ˽
һΧ£ߺȻ뵽ʲôеĿͣڰա
Сأ
ϲط֮ߺȻһˡ
һ˵ǰЩ˽ˡ
ˣ
һ㶣ī߻ʵôֻǵõǺīһֵĻһʿֻʿôͻȻļˣ
Щ˺׶Ǵˣ˶ס
ɭڵ
ʱѾˣ׵ʵ뿪ʱѾ˺ܴѾǶޣƺҪ˶þͻơ
ȫսʤصʿȴī˵īļ˵׶Щʲôˣ
û˵ʲô
ʡ
ᵽһ㣬ƺ뵽ʲôվ߽ݣƬ֮óһɫķСӡ
µģ˵Ϊ⼸īչ˵Ĵл
Ŷ
ùɫӣϸۿ
ķεĺɫ£ʮµͼֲʲô
һ֮ںϷһأʳָȥ
ˣ
ڰϻص˲䣬һǿҵӿһҲֱ̿ԪסֵܣͬʱҲ˸ʵĹâ
ӻش֮󣬶ԺʿЩвǶʿ˵ʲô
ӹʧɫӱ򿪡
Ӵ򿪣¶װĶ
һڽƣһСӡ
߽ӷŵһߣǸڽƣֻŲԾһ֣·С֣ǾĶ֡
ģѾʮˡ
īߴ֮һľľڽƣؾ˵ľľоľھ֮һȨôһƣл˼Ҳٿ֮˵
ƣ߽ǱС
ͨԡ
Ҳ֮ףһöľһо󷨵Źԡ
ľóⱾ鵹Ǽֵơ
֪Щ߽֮ľͨ
ûˣѾ֪˭ˣȸһʱȥС
īص˾ľһܵõĽ̵ҲõˣԺл·֮أǰȥҲˡ
˾ľ˵Ķŷһ˶һֲ˼
ܣˣʡ

Цһ£ԶأֻһЩķŰˡ
ɵ¶֮һûһģҲͼ仰ȥ
ϯó͸ֵܿĿ¶һڡ
һһ죬ڼҶȹˡ
ҹ˾СԺü˼
޷˯ΪѾоһĲһȻʲôû˵ĲлЩʲôˡ
ѵǰ׸ˣ
ôΪʲôڴûʿϢأ
ܹӸ˵п˿˿ĵǣ۹һ㻹ġ
׾ߣ˫ۻĶΧ·ŵĻҰʱпΣ
Ĭãָ֣һŵҩ˳
裬ϴͨ飡
˵֮䣬߽⼸ŵҩһԪΧƵ˴׵Ļͷǰ档
һ˻ſѪڣֱӽҩȥ
һ¼ŵҩ׾̳ڵأһ
ֲָһԪͳֱӸҩЧ
ߵĿĺܼ򵥣Լһֱڼô׾ΨһܹػӰΣ뾡ܵİֻд㹻ǿܹĵ洳


130 ҹŮ
ȻʵҲäĿֻҩµģ⵱ҪǵʮֵĶ࣬ױϾޣʿźܴĲͬһЩʺʿĵҩпܶ޲ûԵá
뷨µͻ룬һ·ҲҽԼеԴŶôһ׷
ž޴ľޣкҪһ츳Ժ͸Щ޵ž޴Ĺϵ
ݻž츳ޣҪʱ׵ʵôͱȽ׵ʼԸıȻſܻǱܡ
ϴ赤嵤񵤡
ֵҩֱ߱ϴ裬壬ã׳ɹŵҩʻܻǻ۶һոµ̨ס
У߻ʮֵһ飬Ǿڴׯɽϵ׷ʲô
ߵԺȻûκεļ䣬ȴһͷʱҲڣܹշһ˵
񵤵һЧãܹһļʸʿ߱깵ͨȻޣǵĽǶʿûʲô
޵ʱǿһŵҩĴҲЩܲסߵԪҲоա
ҹɫĿתעŴ׵һжͬʱɵĴ߶Ԫ׿ںöҩҩЧ
ʱһȥʱ֣һХ״̬𣬶¾Ƥë
ĴףѾ̥ǣʵβﵽ޵ˮ׼һ¸Ǹһ˿˿ĺ죬˵Ԫҩʱȥġһ׵ھͻḽһ˿Ϣ֡

׽˷ܵǰϴ
Ƭֱ֮ӽһͨķʽ͵׵ԺС
ףһ£ܲܽͷݹ
ո񵤣ȫ֪ⵤҩĹЧƺûлɹֻҪ߸ģԥĽܣڴ׿ҲẦġ
ˣˣ
һǴѾ˴ķʽһߵԺ
ɹˣ
һ˿ЦݣڿԺûϰĽˣȻµĴ׻ܿ˵ֻҪܹ㹻ˣ
ţЩ飬Ҫʵҡ
ߴʱе㵣ģǲϷʲô飬ҲѾûӡ
˵ҲֻǱԵ̬ȻѾȷôһŮֹԼûһ˿ļ䣬˿ܹĿܲ
ƽһ˼ߴӽָͳһŻǸһֱߵİŮӡ
㻹ǲǵˣ
ߴȥѯʴס
ÿһҹεǰŮ֮ửһĻ˷߶֪ԼĽָﵽ׷˶Ļ
Ҽǵã컹Ҵ˸ͷ
Щ߷ߵߵԺ
ʱһϲʵ췢ʲô㻹ǵ𣿡
̲סĺǵãȻǵãǸŮװͰ͵ģҿԭǴҶɱģֻǲ֪Ϊ˿ҩԵʣûɱǡ
˿ҩ
ãһ㶼ǵˣ˵ʱӵĸо
ǰʱƺ˺صˣҪȻҲų֡
ų֣ô£˵ϸһ㡣Щĵ
ŶŶǴģȻȥ˵Ȼ·ҩ
Щ
߸оδЩ̫ˣֻǰЩҩѣţ
ȵȣ·
һƺʶʲô
Ȼˣһư˵ѾǳԹ
ԭ벻ͨйؽڵߣģĴˣǰŮԭˣԼҩܣֻ˵ĲλЩУԱҪ·˲ܹҩ
ںΪʲôһӡûУǾͺˣһǰŮʩչʲôͨߵμĨȥĨ˹ҩμ֮ǰŮӱ㽫һ֪ʶֱӴ뵽ߵԺС
һеʶ⿪ˡ
û˵ʲô𣿡
ҡҡͷ
ðɣҲûȥӴѾòʲôмֵĶԴ׵ղЩҩĲٱ仯⼸ȺúӦһ£һ취ʵ
ô˵Ҫҳȥˣ׵г˾ϲ
УµְҪôˣԺһȥġ߹ϴ˴׵ͷ

վֱӴ߶Ԫׯĺɽȥ
Ƭ֮ѾڵλãԼǰùСɽһ£ֱӴһԪ׽ɽ
Ȼշת֪˯˴ҹƬݵϡ
ûʲô仯ȻǰһΧĻҵһЩǷܹǶαĨȥļһ
ܿʧˣˣȴû˿Ľ
ȻǰŮҲļǵȥ·֮ӵģҲ֮顣ҴҲжϳǰŮӵΪȻܸߣ쾳磬ߡ
һλǿǿߣܻڱ˵ļأ
ԺģΨǰŮӵòӣ
꣬µһ죬Ѿ˱
ûͣãڽҿһѾõ֮еǶصİŮźصĸм̤·
Ȼ·ϲп飬׷ǿǳ·;ϣҵǰҲйĸо
صҵʱĸѾ緹ˡ
ʱԼ˲ٵûóֱӾڵݵλһԶİһѶ˳
ԵõģһӦȫ
Թ緹߱ﵽһİݷһ飬ȻѾǿߣ֮鿴Ѿ࣬ȴһֱһͷǾһλܹˣܵһٴλصׯʱѾҲˡ
һεİݷúĵģȫһû¡
һİݷ꣬ʱѾӽ磬߻صаԼɸѡļֵҩ˸ĸֵܣǷ¡
ЩҩһЩͼĵҩͨҲܹҩҲȽϵļ򵥣ڷ˵ǿٵĹЧ
һɫ
߲ûͣЪϢٶȶԴ׵ʵ
һֱҹڴҩĶѻ´ﵽ۷״̬ûͻļޣĽѾˡ
ͲףܹӲĽһѾǺܺõĽˡ


131 ³Ե
ɻˣĵһ죬Ϣܿʹׯ
ڶգߵļоۼȫĴ񣬲ڴ峤Ϊ߾ׯ֮Ϊʢĳʽ
峤صķŻ߶ͷϵʱЩ㱣̤·֮ĶԴһССʽ
ʽܼ򵥣ֻ˲һСʱĹˡ
ǴԷ֯ľۻᣬֵ߱ĺû뿪ׯ֮ǰһʹһʵľƣͨķˡ
ĵһ죬ׯĺƽ͵ճӯÿһ䡣
ҹߵԼ硣
һֱڼһ̤·֮Ѿעˣмһֱ޷׿
һλȻûׯκΰ׸ʿǹ޷ĨȥΣȴûǸоڰһ˫۾עǰδеĲ
磬ҾҪˣԺȫˡ
߿λ磬Щ˵
뿪Ǿķû⣬ׯٻ
ɭҲߵ˼˶óĬܵһε뿪ԺҲ޷棬̤ããɽ磬עûлͷ·
һһЩǡ˵ţߴӽָͳģƵĳȻֱѪ
ѽ֣һĺʿ͵ͼǶԿ⣬һɱׯ
ɭɿ˿еĽȻ⽣ǸܹԾׯʱʱĻ
ڴףҪ˶þͻ̤쾳磬ʱһǿӦ
߿ǵĲνܵӺ˵ˣǵˡ
׭˳ȥ
зҵԪʶһ޷Σգͽ˺
ŷ׭ɭһһš
ţָ߽ʣµĽȫóЩѾòˣǡ
ĬãʣɣǲԺҲˣ
һ£ҡҡͷȴֵ˵ͷ
һ죬ɷ蹵ǵҪɵ֮ǰУͱնϳԵȻвᣬҲòô
˵ǲٻׯˣһׯб䣬ѣȻ᲻ϧһдۻġ
պŷ
ֻɫ˵һ䣬еķѾΨһصׯˡ
ɭ֣صĵ˵ͷû˵ʲô
Ƕ֪Ҫ˵ʲô˴ֵ֮ܣ˴˶˽⡣
ҹ
ٴ˴ס
ףԺׯҪػˡ
ߵ˫֣˫ҹա
ףҵȵģֻҪ㲻˵һӶػׯ
ײԥ߾ȹµһУ߸ģȫûоܾɡ
ã
˵˸֣ȻһӣһѺشľ޸ǰ
Ѿ޸аһƷҾ̤죬˷
޸Ʒʹ֮ǰ䡣
ţ֪ˣ
׵˵˶Ļͷ
ߴӽָóһС٣ôͬʱ߶ԪһԸ
׽죬ھǴ޽ļޣѶ˿ʿӺ̤죬Ǹӵѡ
ĿƵĸ鵤ҩֻҪõĻ׵ĽȻࡣ
Ѿڵأʼ١
ѿȻ֪֣һԿȫġ
ʱһĹȥžɽһ˿
Ψһһ


ׯɽɽϣԪ㿴һ޸ֱ֮ӽһɽ顣
ٵİ£ڽļ޵ľ磬սס
ڹ۲˴׵ս֮з²٣Ŀǰʵµʿв
޵սԭ͸߳ͬȼʿο׾ҩݵĴս˲ֹһΡɴ˿ػׯѾ⣬ǽ׸ǿǶ֡
߿ּʲǿ߶ֻɱͨˣΪʿЦǻȥ
ףгһׯĲˣôҲµѰҡ߶˶٣ŵʱ·ȥǡ
ߵ˼ܼ򵥣罫ׯĲڣ׵ѾȫĻɣκж߶档
Ǻǡ
׾ȻѵһĴ˸Ц浽һգұĺǣҲҪѰټ
塣
յջûɢȥׯȻһ͡
һۣվׯһСɽϣʶ̿ŷԲÿһ䡣
һһľһˮһʯκ飬ûһ©ɨһ顣
ɽͼЧѾʩչŷԲʮֻҪʿ䣬ȫӲĸ֪
һȦڲûзʲô֮ŷ
ҲЩ˸벻߻ʱ򻹸ҷؽ֮أֻ˵׸ѾҪȥ鲻ò֡
۳ںֿܣֻ֮Ҫׯƽ£߾ܹ
һᣬߵʶкȻȷжԥķһλñȥ
ׯԱҵλãǿҵԪ
߷ɱʱֻͣ˫ǰһ㣬һɫ
ţֱѡţٶĿ꿿
գ֮߱ǸλϿա
ۿģȻǲŽ콵µĪ롣
λصŮûߵ̫ãȻѰˡ
Īò˲ٵı仯ԭһͷĽɫǺɫģɫҲѾͨ޶ϴҲʮֵķϴڻ
ΨһûбģԲԲĿɰ

Īţջһâ˿
߼ͬһʱҲŵĽʱüЦ
ӭҵ𣿡
ĪЦĶ˵
ҲЦǺǵĵͷ쵽Ԫʱ򣬿ɲû뵽Ī뵽ǱֵľģһĪ룬ʱҲͷ
ȥɡ
Ī뿴֮ƺúܺһ·˵ЦŸ߻ׯ
ֻһ·ȴؼҵֲֻᣬҲûжʣȻԣߵжϣһλؼңǺ졣
һṦ򣬶˱ׯڡ
˻ûׯɽһĺХһӰ۵糸ĳ嵽ڶǰ
ȻǴˣھ쵽İ˵Ϣ֮ԥľͳ˹
Ѱ
ǻ˿һĪ߲ţʱ֪ˣ˲ׯв
ѽÿɰĴè
ĪЦĿŴף̶Ͼ¶˾ȻѾˣ˲ã


132 
ׯߴĪԼС
ªĪҪˡ
߿ƶªļң˵
Ȼ֪ĪļҵǸʲôӣɲΪص˻Ắᵽز
߼ļªĪ뵹һҲӣʮһС´š
ĪĵССׯˣɾȻһλǧ
ׯУĪݽĹǧС㣬ܹׯСطеޱȵľȺͲ⡣
ʱ֣˱뿪ׯ
ߵĺȻĸûиȻѾ³ԵͲ
ʲô㣿
뿪ׯ֮Īʡ
߳˼һҪҸطһӣһһЩ봦һ¡
ޣ
ţҲ˳оһǶʯܴܲҵʲô
ʵĻش
ȷԴ˶ʯ֮һֱûгʱо״̬һֱǣ¼ҵѾڣȻ޷г׷£ٷ߰˷֣Ҫİָˡ
ðɡ
ĪͷܹӶʯҵЩʲôһǲСջ
˶ûʩչţɢһڽš
ߵĲ²ȷûдµĽ׸ƺıĳǣˣϾעߡһӹȥߵ伣òΪһһħѾ䡣
µʮ壬µգ羧̡
һķտɽۣСĽʯǰ
ҪѪ֮ظʯܹԽת
Ī뾲һߣһֱûиⶨʯҪʲôá⼸ĺԽԽȻ߻һֱûиֻ߽Ҫ߶ʯָȴûбܿĪ룬Ȼ͵ǽˡ
һԪ׼Ĵڶʯö棬ʱ޴ʯ㷢һȦȦ
һ˼ɿĽѴѵԪͶȥͿö࿪ʼѸٵڻŴѵԪ
꣡
һ̧ʳָָɳһѪߣͬ㵽ö档
ţ߿ָһ̣ıѪħپĺ˶ʯǰ档
һ٣
ĪЩԡ
Ȼûɻ͸оɢǿŨħħ˲ŸĶʯӿȥ
ⶨʯ·ʯʱħӿʯҲͬʱŻԹ⣬ЧѪħȫ֡
ȻħѸٵıѹȥ
ָһ̧ѾͨתѪ֮һɫٱ档
ĪȻɻ󣬵Ҳ˲ٵĲ²⣬˫ЩӵĿרעǳߡ
һḶ́ԪѸٵıںתҲһĻָš
Ȼ֪鵽ʲôʱָܹö⣬ֻҪ鲻ѹһֱȥ߽ϵԪľΪֹ
תԼѪΪӵģ߹ϵУں;žս֮˲ߵѪҺʱתѪ֮ںϵ൱֮졣
һҹĹزɣѪħʢģʼ𽥵ڹϷ۳
ȻŮ˰
Ϸ۳һŮӣĪС̾Ϣš
ʱר־ȻĪ̾Ϣ
ԭ۵ںսѾױݻ٣ʱµֻ
ֹһ۾
·Ǹոմĳ˯֮һ㣬ϸĴһΧȻսĿ䵽ǰϡ
עӵʱǽ޵ϸֳǰδеʹࡣ
߶ܸоھʹ
ùȥ΢Ŀڣˣ㡣
û˵˵ͷ
һܵ˾޴ش˯ѣ伫пܻǰһʧܹϳǵʯ֮ԼѪιԵʡ
飬ң˾ͺá
߲˵ʲôֻɵĽԪͶ룬ȻǣںϣתΪѪ֮ٱɡ
ĪһֱûӴ˵ֻһԿš
⽥ֱʱ֣ǳ׵ȹ̣ѵħǱʯ˼ʮصʯѹȻǶҲռϷ־ˡ
ԺֻҪһܹϵǿ󣬾Ϳһֱι̵İħѹֱʵħ׵ڻ
ҵûˡ
߳˼˻ᣬͷҪһһ
Ѿȹ̣ͷʯأǾϵռѶϢϲ䵽ʶȻѡʵĻ塣
ˣʱⶨʯ棬һᾡռϣ塣
˵ͷƬ̣ʯ档
߰Ѫħͬʯһһ
ֽһ飬ʣһˣȹѹħԣ嵹ûôĽˡ
תͷͿĪЩĿ
룬ôˣ
ĪڷЦʡ
ŶŶûʲô˭ѽ
Ī̻عʡ
ȹҵܹ̤֮죬Ҫİ亱ݰҽǳսشױٻˡ
ߴŵĽһЩ˵һ£̫ħѪħٵ飬û˵
ϾǷŵѪħٵͷҲʵʮ˵ġ
һϢȥˡ
ڶ죬߸ոմӾ˼ѹͿĪǰ˵ܲҵɱǳȥһˣ
ɱǳǣ
΢˶٣͵ǲҪȥͬ壿
ĪͷȻ˵˵ɱǳǣôȻֻҪɱǳǣкܴļҵ
ðɣʱҲûʲôء
ߴӦһ·ϵҲʮֵƽ·Ҳæ;Ϣʱ߾ץ֮߳߸оԼ˿Ҫͻƽ쾳ڶˡ
ԪܹԪͨԪ۳ڻһĻﵽԪʿڲһµ̨ףͷյɢ˵ݺӡ
³һô֪Ĵս֮⣬ʵûУԴﵽԪһܴͻơ
ɱǳǵλã˵ۣɱǳǵͷȴݺӡ
ߴ󸮵϶شһвӴɳɽбȻϷ
ɳǣĴ½еһݵִ۷ǲ£ֻɳǵĵ򲢲
ɳǵλúְڱıǣ縺Ρ
Ѿǿݵı߽磬ԽɽɳǲңԶ


133 ׯ
ĪҪȥɱǳѰͬ壬һҲû飬ɱǳûʲô飬ǶȴʮĳŲСĺ档²ȥ˵ԺҲʱȥġ
·ϣ֮ҲʱоǱľµͨԡ
Ѿ쾳磬ֻҪеĻһЩ󷨻ûжѶȵġ
о֮ѾԾ˲ٵ˽⣬ԲóһЩ򵥵ˡ
Ȼ󷨵У߿ûŶʱھܹжĳɾͣϾһ˿֮ҪͨȻҪ´󹤷
һ·߶Ī˲ٵ˽⣬֪һֱûз֮ĿԶסƯ£Ϊľܹҵ񷣵ķ
߼λŮӺĪһǼ縺ͬʹ
һ߶ѡϢأԳ֮С
·;ĻҪ˶þܹӵ
ҹ֮߳еʱԺкȻһͷ˲Ӿ֮оѹ
ã
Ȼվߵ϶һ㺮˪
뿴鷢ˣ
ڸղţԵĸоǰòŽλ֮Ѿһ˺ˡ
ׯб䣡
ôˣ
оߵĶĪҲվ˹
ߵɫǰδеѿʱæʵʲô£
ĪУһֱʮ򶨵ģشʣԲ˳ء
ׯΣڵϦ룬Ҳȥɱǳˣұȥһˡ
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Ī룬ɻһֱ͸ݣɾľͽ¡նɱ֮¡ԭɻ˻׼¡ΪĶ󣬲¿ɵã鵱治ȥ鷳ˡ
ɻ˵ĻЦſ˿Զ¡ʬ壬¡³ǵİ


137 ̸
ڻоλ֣ɻˣĴ󻤷ӡ
¿ǰС޾ȻţɻҲо˵棬ֱļ˴˵ֱӳ֣飬͵նɱ
ɻһ£ھɢ룬໥ӦĽ߶˰Χͬʱÿ˶˷
Ҫ֣
Цѣ˫һһɨڵľŸˡ
룬⵱оǸʵǿ󣬵ʱںͨ
һɫ䣬ͬʱĵĴĪ롣
˵ĴǷɻˣɻ˲縳ӣҾüëܳէһеɷǵģ
ʱһ˫ۺޱһ˵ɨȴȻ˫ֿտգûʲôȥķ
Ǿ͸׸צǱã
һᣬߺȻͷԵ˵һ仰
ɻһ㶣СͻȻ˵⻰Ǻ⣿Ȼ˵ͱϵ۴￴鵱бֻһϹħŰĵطڷ׷ɱħô˵Ǳãʵ˷˼
ڰ׸צһɻ˵ҲϣϾڽ׸Χ֮ڣΪ׸ЧҲȻ顣
˻⣿
ںͱһ򶼲ͷʱСӾȻǣıڣɻ˶ʱһ䡣
ǺǡЦڿǹرɽлͣ
ɻ˵ͷΣʲôϵ
Ŀ絶ηĿŷɻһһٵĵǿڿ˵ҪħҪеôҸѪħ٣
⡭
ɻֱӾͱһ仰סˡ
ֻǼ׸ͨϵĻӰͼΣѪħٵӣǵûм
ߡ߲мĿ˿ɻ𣬼׸æһ߸֮ŸͼıڲǺ·һζΪ·Ļ˵òõĽڻᱻϾɱ
ɻɫһ˲ס
ڵⲻ֪ߵغС޾Ȼ˵Ļһ֮ȥ
˵
ɻһǳ⣬ɫѿˡ
׸ΪһԺ߸֮׼ʵȻᡣ˵ʱڰͼıЩʲôɻʵţѾħһսдԪʱлͲãԪûлָܹʵȥͼıʲô
㲻ţ
ߵ¶ǿɵһɫ
̶һ޳ĿǶŷɻ˵㲻Ҫˣձ̿ճһսҲڳ
һ仰ɻȻѣ
԰ôʱҪأ
ħһս˵ȫСģ˵֪Ѫħٴ˱̿ճǣڴش
һȻСǴӱгģô˵ıڳﻮʲôͼıǲأ
һʱ֮䣬ɻ˵ҲЩԥˡ
һ˱ǰհ׸˼ɱѪħٵģǵĿǰΪֹѪħٵģûȻһŮɻ𵽵ױ¡ҪĶ࣬ĪȻɱڷɻ˿Ѫħ١
ɸңڵͼıЩʲô
ɻüëߵ
ںͱԹȻͬڽ׸֮£໥֮һֱݣ˫ĵжԹϵһֱڳǰ׸ʱʱĳͣһ˵Ѿֵһˡ
ʱܹ̽鵽ڵĻɻȻŹ
ûпڣǴΧǣȻָһһ˵Ҫ֪ԣҪȫˣ̷ɽ
㣡
ɻɫѿҲ뵽СӲ˼򵥵ľͰѱڵ˵ȴû뵽Ҫ
ɻ˳ĬֱԲĵ㣬¾ȫ֣Ҳɱңһѡ֣ôõĽһڱ֮ǰ̤ƽɽɱ£ɲҪߴˣ
ɫ䣬˵Ļȴɱ
ҿԴӦ㡣
ĬƬ֮󣬷ɻڿڣͬʱڸʾ⡣
ߵͷµİ˸˶ߣſڵһһһӦġ
ɻ
ҲǷӦֱңָɽɽ֮أպ˶Ӧ
⡭
ɻ˲֪˵ʲôԼƺƭˡ
ߺǺһЦȻȴǻһתñǳɽݣҶȡͷ

ɻ˺ȻЦֻ˼вô
ɻ˾ĸ֣ʱȻһƸո̤첻õʿвɻԼоЩͷ˼
һüڽףȡѣҸһҵõģׯݣô򵥡
ɻü˼Ƭ̣ɫվǺͱڵĶԹҪҪһЩ
ŵɻǿɵĸڶȫ֪
ƺҲûǵһǵģ¾ͽͼı˵˳
ʥı⣡
ɻϢ򶨵ĹǷȴҲ̲סľ
ʥȻ˵ȲϹŴµ챦Щ˵һʥıǵۺʵһĵΡ
ڵõ⣬ôǼпܻﵽߴ󸮽ƵʵôͿܲμһе߸֮ںͱԹأزҶ˵˰ɡ
һ˵еĿܣ漴Цܲɱôһħǲģ𣿡
˵ĹҲûţǽ̿ͬʱɽͼЧȻܿͷǼԭѾ뿪ǿߣûԶȥĵطǻ
һ˼ķɻˣߵҲûеһʱơ
ȻߵĻǸûд뿪ڷɻ˵ĳŵҲٷ֮ٵšһ֮ȻǲŹ
Ȼ⵱Ҳ˺ܴΣպͱѾ֪˱ͼı飬ȻҪֵ飬Żᡣ
ڵõ⣬ʵȻߣʱߴ໥ƺ⣬ôߺͷɻ֮ĴЭͻɢ
Ҳû̫õİ취Ȼղ˵ȫ֣ߺĪҲĻᣬ֮ׯȻѪϴϾ¡Ѻڽ³Թ
׳ôһ޴ջ⻹ûгױ֮ǰһЭ黹еõġ
Ĭãɻ˵ˣҾǾʹ˱
˵꾹ֱתˡ
ɻȥĪɻʣտʼ㻹˵ɱţôһת۾ȫˣ
ߵǶһãɱǵĻȻǿʿ׷ʱǾҪˡ
Ī˼ĵͷȻ龫ֵģַ˼ĳǸУǲó


138 ǰɱǳ
һоյı߻ˣлЩǣڸ߲֮ûڼֱͣ뿪
һȻڣ֪׸һ׷ģϾɱѪħ٣ɵĻǷŵִ۷ܹСĲ׸˲ħȻҲΪڼ߸֮ȡһơ
ԣ߱ץʱʵֻԼʵﵽһв׸ΣĵزôŲ²ıơ
ʵ
Ȼûлصׯȴû뿪Զ
ׯߣһѾԽԽԵı˳취ĻԺ·ϱȻᲽǣơ
ھׯʮһɽͣ졣
֮һֱ˼ν顣
ϣϢĳɶУڳеļ൱ƷԪ
ԪͨõĽ
Ȼ߻صׯ㿪ʼһһҵİݷôˡ
ӴڵĵһҵһңÿһҶ㹻Ľȷܹκһµĵطҵ
ׯ˿ڲǧڷ˽֮߻ص˼С
ТӰɡ
ߴʱһ˵ĺһ㣬Ĺǰ
֪̤·Ҳ޷ͷѾ˷Եͷȴʼ
ûа취ֻ
ׯڣԵҲͳ׵նˡ
û˵ֻ˫۸ӵĿߣɭɣû˵ǶһΣĲٻˣǲٺǼ档
ĳĬ֮ĨһǿЦɳˣ͸õ洳İɣһһ°뱲ӵġ
˵⣬꺺ӾȻҲ̲סʺ
Ҫ󺣣Ҫɽ֣ߣ͸ôɽ硣
Ȼͨˣʵغ񣬵֪ġ
ԾᣬȴֹУֻףԼĶܹݺڣңؼ䡣
磬磡
һһȥȻֵĿͷ
ѪŨˮնϵģֻ顣
ĩˣվһ϶öޱȵ壬öһΪһΪɷ£滹˿˿
ֽݸ˴ɭȻֽɷݸɡ
Һ̤ɽ磬㽫ϣããɵ˺ܹ
ɭɽСߵ˵ͷ
߽飬ǲ˿δУɷ˫壬ΪǵļҴ
ݣ޴嫣ԲׯǧһɢݣǳʥľǿߣҪҵҲ죬Ҳ߽˼Ψһһ취
ֻԼׯϡʧŻģնϳԵ
źһ֮ׯΧε˰£ֱׯȥ¥գһҲû֮վɽۣңûɽͣ׷һС
룬˵ǲһŲŲµˣ
ϷԣϦϼЩãȻߵĪ롣
ǷŲˣȻ˵ѾΪˣƺʼնһ棬һᵽ꺮˿һȶȣһ棬ȴֳȵǹѪ
ֻأǵԸĸжĸ꣬ͬҲھηء
Īգ۾˵
ԱѾѾָ˲ٵĴʱȴȥ
ֻ֪Ǹˣҿֶûгͻġ
׵ĻߵЩû뵽һﾹȻҲ˵˸Ļ̾泩˲١
ˣ͵ΪֹôǾǰɱǳǣһͬѡ
߲ţǼˣ仰Ѿ㹻õŵ£˾ͱ־
ӡ
º󣬴ݰ֮ʣһվڲӿĲӰϣ԰
ӣҪ˶Զɱǳˡ
һָ԰ȥԲãᰵɱǳǾãã֮ϡ
ɱǳǣһɵӶۼڣͬҲǸֻ켣еĵط
˵ɺӣĪɴֱʩչţһƬ֮£ͬߺʹһ𱻴˹ȥ
ӺӵӽĪ͵ͨȻΪͷű࣬Ҫ֮ңĲӣȴ˿Ĳ
ֻ˲һӵʱ䣬һ㰲ȵĵ˶԰
߲ûȥɱǳǣֻǴеõɱǳǵλãȻ˲ӣǾ峯Ǹߣȴʵдһ¡
ʱǺո߹ҵյʱ֣Ȼޱȣ̫Ĺյϻһůůĸо
ڲ֪ɱǳǵľ巽ֻһ߸ݵмټϲȫжϷߵ൱
Сʱ߳ʮء
Է˵Сʱ߳ʮأѾ൱ٶˣǿɶ쾳ǿߣĽȫǱţҪţĳ̶ȡ
Ҫҵжһ·λ
ĪҲоȥǰ취顣
ӵзͨһ֪ġ
Īʱȴҡҡͷ
ûɱǳǣʮֵİ˵ֱȽ⣬ҿǲҪ¶˰ɡ
ڷĪ֮󣬷Լ˼ʩչȸ쾭еȸ
Īз츳ͨȻûз츳ͨȸ쾭ȴһ˫ȸ
ڣȸչҵĻ趯Ѹٵĳϸ߿ա
߷ɵȥȷλĪǺʹԭصš
ɵУٶȽ߶ޣȻʶ̿˷չȥ
ΧһƬããԲʮķΧڲûʿֻ֣иʽڻ
ϸѰһ£ûҵжϷλĶǱ㽫Χͬʱһȥ
ɳ˼ʮ߲ſǰԶɽ֮䣬һ޴ޱȵĳǳӳУ񣬵ڼҲֻܿ޳ǵһ߷׷׵ĩһС
޴ޱȵĳǳأȻɱǳˡ
ȷ˷λ߱㿴ԭ·أֱ߾Ĺ㣬÷ͨĻڵʱǿܹߵ
ڵˣէǻǾ͵ĺá
߽ţ㿪ʼǰ·
һƽ̹Ļԭûرͻɽ֣Ҳܹ˳Ѱҵɱǳλõԭ
һ·Ҳ˳Ȼڵʱ򣬾޴ޱȵĳѾңң
׻˵ĺãһƽԭشȻ˵ɱǳǾǰҪĵУ˵ûҪһ


139 ɱǳ
һСʱȫʱ߲վɱǳױȵĴĳǰ档
ŸߴЩ׵ĳţ̲סĿɿڴ
ҿôôһų
ʱҹʱ֣ɱǳǽѾࡣ
Ůһͷ׻վڸߴ׵ĳǰ浹Ҳû˵ע⡣
ɱǳʿľۼأִ޵ҲʮѰĪ뽿ۿ˵òȵ˲ٹʿ
Ѿʼڨ
һλҲǸǷ֮أ߹ѡǡ
ո̤ϴǰĳ̾סˡ
˵׳ʿһһҵĵǰһĵҪɽɱǳǣʾͨ
ͨ
ûС
߼Ҳûģֱӿھôһ䡣
ͨûС
ǺǡһûУ˵Ĵ󺺾Ȼ֣ǺЦ˵ûУû˺ãôȹͨȻ뿪
ʼΪԼէݣԱֵ͵Ϳѯͨļ۸
˴󺺱ļ۸߶ʱЩˣ£ͨʱģ
Ŵ󺺽ܵʮһƵͨһƷԪʮƵͨſƷԪһƵͨʮƷԪ
һƵͨʮƷԪ
ã󺺽ܵ߾ֱӴסˣһ꣬ӻطһ
էҪ͵Ҳ˵ֱͳʮ˿ƷԪ˹ȥöʮƵͨ
ԪݹȥȴǴûеһʱ
ʱһŴ󺺵٣ƣϻҲһء
һ㶣üëûҲҪչ·ѣ
Ȼвߣϻɵģͳ˾ſԪݹȥ󺺲ŰѶʮ߿ԪĴơ
ƣַӡŵڣ⻹©֣ɱǡ
ͨһûĽɱǳǡ
ɱǳǱ߲²ĻҪǳؿзԲӣ˺ĴǳأŶĪ
ڳеĽֵϣװݻľ¥һһɫɫʿУµҹʮ֣¥¡
ңһ·ߺȻ˲ٹӶ档
ɵӶһոոµʣɱǳȴ洦ɼʮеӡ
Ӷһ㶼󣬶ЩɵӶ˵̸ֻһЩѣƨɴطҲ̸ס
˵ɱǳǾۼΪǿͿֲɵӶ⵱пɱħʿҲпݵķ塣
۳ɱǳǣɵӶݣͿͨһ;ԼҪĶԪװŮ
ɱǳ棬ͬԼӵķʽ⵱շתۣʱ治֪
һ·֮߿˲ٺȾƺȵҡͷԵӶ˭ҲСЩ·߲ȵ
Ҳ·ԺƵƵҵķ³
ɱˣ¥ҤӣƺɱǳЩڸʵݵɵӶǵȫ
շתãȴûɱǳеĴϿŮ˵˽Ӷŵ棬ƺ˽ӶʵǿһʱûС
֮£ֻѰһҵ꣬ƹ
һѪӶŵ棬ƹһúʵӣѯʵʱƹʮĹҾơ
һŮƹľһΪ̸ġ
һڣͿƹɫ
ҲͨʣֱһƷԪ˹ȥ
ɱǳǣƷԪѾòˡ
ӹԪƹɫźÿЩʣˣô˵ɣæĺܡ
һǲ˵᲻֪Цֻһ£֪˽Ӷŵ
˽Ӷţƹգգ۾˼һžƿ˵ƺôһȥɣΪûɶҵһ񣬱ֱӽԼһֱɱǳ³ء
³
һ̾ˣպ˽ӶһսǳŮ˵ĶҺͺԼȻġ
˽ӳߣ͵õ³
½ɱǳΪƶͻҵĵطڳҪȥĻǿҪˡƹȤζĿ˿ߣֿ˿Ī룬̶ЦѾͷôôˮ飬³жֳ֮ĴȺƨ죬СĿɱ𱻰ǹˣ
ƹ˵꣬޼ɵЦ
Īɫ΢죬ҧҧֱת߿
߳һξ룬ͣ½ŲĪ룺ҪҪȥ³
Ȼ³ĻҺͰ࣬߻Щ˼ɵģҪѯĪ˼
ȥôȥ
ĪһüëСɽ˵һɱҧ˭צӣҾͰˣ
߶ʱεһЦ٩ˣǱǳԿ
㣡
Īû뵽߻ֱ̣⻰һʱ֪ôش
Ц㲻óݻòһ²ˡ
Īװֶ߻֪ģҪ³ɧţװòȷһѡ

û뵽Ϊܺõȴֱ⵽Īľܾ
벻ͨѾͷôģҲȥ˵ˣͲɣһ쾳ǿߣҲ˸۸ġ
ǻ˵˴ҵĵƻֵųߡ
ɱǳǺܴ󣬴ӳϴŵһ·߹ʵǻ˲ٵʱ䡣
λõʱѾǴСʱȥ
ʱڵλãֻǳûе³ۿģѾһҵľ
Ͱӣֵϵζʱʱ˶󴩲
طࡣ
Īɫѿ˵
̾˿˵ҲΪλѣȻΪҪĴֵط
Ϊ㣿
Īһʱ۾Եľޱȡ
Īľ޴仯̯ЦŽͣտǵĹҪҵĶأܡ
Ŷ
Ī⣬ŻȻͷȷ˲ΪĳЩԭȻ
һǰǰ治Զ³ˣԿɫʿǴҴš
³ɱǳǵƶҤȫǻ첻ģɵӶԼʿеå֮
ߺĪ³һ̣̾͸о˫۾䵽ϡ
̿ʶСĵĹעΧĶ
Ȼ˵³󲿷ֶǵĺʿ⵱лвʵǿƷ޷ӵĶͽ
Ȼոս³ʱ߾Ϳ߰˸Ķͽǡ
һ⵱оһֱסĪ롣
ӣ缸ȥ棬⣬ëûСû˼
˵䣬һֻ־˳ĪԸеСΡ


140 ˽
³оɫŮ֣һ޴ջҤӶ䲻ͽǶʱ͸˫۷Ź޲̾ȥ
Ǵǳʱ켣³֪ɱǳĵطɱҲûûʣƽҲһͽоƫƫʿвϽĻɫʱˣЩʿо켣³Ҳһѡ
˵ɱǳԴأܶʱռһС
ʱҲһ˸ˣʵôȳĺ꺺ӣҲֻкصΪ¾ǷŵԵĲ
֣ĪͶˡ
ļΧֱԱ߿һȻŷߣ׼˵ɲ
ţӹϲ
󺺻˵һ룬ֻһƣûüܣ;㵵ķ֣ջѾʵʵߵɲ
ۣ

Ⱥ󷢳꺺ӵɫ˲Ұ
Īһʵǳһֱ߳ӽ󺺵߱˲˵ŽͷһƬ
һҽУֱίȥڵϳ鴤һشصѪ˳·˳
ĪһŽ߷ϣȫ߸ͽ°Ͷ˵ĳֱ̬תߣһ۵ٻӰ
Խ³߶˾Խĸоﵱ治˴ĵط·ЩҡˣʱʱĺΧĻͷ졣
طĲܴ
ߵԺ
ŵİɣҪȻǵĳСҲ߱
ЦǺǵĵ٩ˡ
ǰ壬һ·ȥȻвٶͽĪɫȴһơ
ۿߵ³ĵشĪһ·ѰȴûзԼͬ˵Ӱӡ
ʱĪ˸Ͳ
Ī룬תһȦ֮ΪǸƹѡ
ǸԭݵĳŮӣӸĽ
һĪͣ½Ų
ɨΧһȦȻ߶Ԫ˽ҳ
˽
ǵһǳŮӵ֣ò˵ʵЩ׵ζ
ԭ˽һֱ֪ء
˵
Ī뺰һ֮󣬵ҵǧС㣬Ǻһġ
ǧС㣡
߶ʱһ㶣˵˽ǰǧСݣôܹ˰಻ĵطȥ
һĪ뿴ΧûκεķӦֿʼ
ŮԶԪĸ̻ص³
ҲΪûϣʱ򣬲ԶĽֵϣ߹˼ˡ
߶һ̾˳⵱кȻڱ̿ȺɽΧɱǼˣʱ߾֪Ҫҵһڸ
⼸ǰһһͷ̶̵ͷͿĨ˲֪ʲôȥڵķֲòϴŴƵףһѴͷģȥɷġ
Ŀȫڸڴ棬ϳļˣ˵ǰģ˽ɡ
˽Ȼ䵽ֵزߵЩⲻȥ
ǰòû뵽֮¾Ȼô鷳
ˣ˽
ڽ֮ûɶҵĺԼͱֱȡ˺Լյɱǳǳ̷ɱǳǡ
صɱǳ֮˽˽ӶŲɱܵ˾޶ĳͷ
˽ӶԭͲʲôʵǿĶ飬Ȼ࣬ڽ˴ķ֮ȫһƶϴ⣬һֱ춼ûٽӵκֻܻ֮켣³ȴᡣ
ǽ죬˽ȴû뵽ˣҲֹһ
˵ʵʱ˿˽鵱渴ӣǺĪһϣ߳԰֮ϣΪʹζ
Ȼʱţѡ·ͬȴ߳˽ȻͬĽ
˽ǣĪȴ绪ɡ
ʱ˽߹ˣҲϵãȻвһǰ˵ʹ󺺣һʹСᣬһʹ޵ĸ߸ꡣ
˽Χɱеˣȴûп
ʱµһߣʱƤϾ¶˷ŭɫ˵Сӣ˽ӶȻЩҲȫǵֵز
˽ӵĿ˿ߣĬƬ̵޸ɣֻ˽ʵˡ
̶˽תעĪ룬Ǻһ𳤴ѡ
ãû뵽㡣
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ⰵȻǻ壬ڰһ嵱ҲĴĵλһֱǰһ巢սʱȷš


141 ϶צ
أʲô
̲뵽Щʲôȴƫƫȫûͷ
ʱ˽˵ľǰ棬ǸǰƣȻֻһصʵȴںֵͨ˷޳ûӶԸǣŻ켣³
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վڰİƴʱȴĿ䵽Īϣһ˫͹Ĵ۾˸аɡ
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142 ʽ
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143 ս
ĪҪһף¶ʷͷųĶҺǰֵܶ˵ĶҺҪֲֻҪ΢մȾһ¹ƾͻ߲ðգȻҲĪðա
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ǽɫԲ㣡
ԲѸٷ󣬽ţһƽâֱһƷֳʶ


144 ֲں
һƬϢˮһӿڣ·բĺˮһߵԺע
˲ԴϢһʹ̲סʹҡԴִԼԴƺҪըһ
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ڳ޶ߵһ̣·һֱݶʷֵİ淢һҽУߴ巢ҵĲվΪԴԴṩԪʿҲ֮һĪ³һںѪ
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ոսӴͼ߾ޱȾΪ־ڽӴͼʱһϢԼͼд˹


148 أо
ԭ֮ȫԪѾĴʱȻоͼ洫ݳ˴ʱһϲ
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ǰĪǼ˽ǰϰǶڲϵĺǰѯӶǽ棬˽Ҳʱʱ˵ϼ䣬Ͼ齨Ӷŵľ飬һжʮֵ˳
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153 Ǭ컯
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154 
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֪ǽȻҲû飬ͷӦ
ϾһѲϣѪһʧܣѪ׷˲˵С߹ҲᳯϦ
õߵͬߴһӣһģͿ޴ĵ¯ƮƮķڵ¯Ͽա
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߾ĿţȻ۶ԿػǶҩĸ֪Ѿ¯ܹ࣬Լ棬ĳɾ;Բֹڴˡ
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˿¯ŽӲӵĵ裬ЦЦû˵ʲôת˵


155 Դ
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Դʱ߱ԴľٶĿɿڴ
ͼԴڱ󺺷˲һֻѾ׼ȷ˴󺺵ǰץʲô
еġá
ŵԴֱһѽֵĴֱƵļˤ
⣿
ֱӱ׵͸ˣŮˣѲɻĳȺã
þ㣡
ббϣԴѾС
ڼ˸ʹӶţԴһѶ˽ҪƣƵͶƿ
Դʵص֮䣬Ҿͨɽóɱ
˽ܵ⣬Щͣ١
ʲô
ﵭĿֵŮӣ˽
þҼϲŮɫ

תͷĪ˽ˡ
ѲǶȤżģ
ŮֱӣĻҲֻȫӡ
Ǻǡ
ЦЦûмʣֱԴĶ档
Դžƿӹƣһ˫ҵġ
ΪǮŮˣɱ
ץϵһƿԴľƿһ¡
㶮ҡ
ȾƺȾơ
ԴЦԹԵĹơ
һ
߾ȻԴôźĪ˽˳ȥ
ôһȣûˡ
ԴԭѾĲᣬֲ֪˶٣һͿֱӹӵ¡
ֻ֮ܽŲȻԴ͵ȥ
߽䣬еԴȴ˫һסߵĲӣǰ޲ļߵϡ
ಡ
ܵƣһ˲ͳ
Ů˲ǹİɡ
ţԴ۾ȻյĽҲûᣬֱߵǰŵϡ
ȥˣǹסӵ˫ֻڣЩԴÿΪɣû뵽һֲŷ⿴첲һǯһĿڲϣȻһû
ιιİɡ
ʱ˵ߣԴŨľĺܣӺ촽Īջ
ߺԴһ㶯ûУĵһͿ
Σֻܴ߶Ԫͼƿɾ⹦ٵĽŲžһ
һڸʲô
ĪʮǡĳſڣԴһ̬ʱɵˡ
ţ
Ī֪Ҳ˵ˣ漴ЦԪһǽԴˮһֱ۸˿
Ҫߡ

Ƭ֮ɫĴ˽ķ
ĪཱུģȻʮֵջߣһЦ
ôˣ
ɫʮֵĲ˽ʡ
ߣһﵹãôͺԴˡ
Īҧгݵģߡ

˽̲סľһ£ȻҲǱˡ
Ϲģûе£ңʲô飿
֪ͲֱӾͽƿˣĪȻбҪ˵


156 ӵ̣
ȻŮЩ˼飬Ҳ֪ⲻʲôҲټȥ
ѪӶŸųͬʮӢɱѪѰǲҲȥһ£
˽˵Ҫ߹顣
ѪӶţ
ųư죿
°ͣʣǻǲһܴĵ̣ºսˣ
˽ȵô֪
һ֣ҪǵĻǾͲòˣɱġ

ʱ˽Īһ
ѪӶŸųԣĸ֣ս˵ĳƺ˽Ļһܹսʤ˵ǻɱˡұɱĻֹһˣкüʿԼʿѵ˵һܰȫɱˣ
Ůһ˼ɫҲýͣһ㣬һɫĶƾ
ǻԵĶưɣҵˡ
ŻԵܻһ£¶õЦݡ
ܣ˽ˣɱǳǻ켣ѾãѪӶţȻҲ˽ģǸųԵķ
㵱ɱ˻ԣ
ǿܣ˽Щţ⼸ߵľĿҲֻоʵصĻԺһѪľӢôİѶԷȫɱ
Ǻǣɱ˻ԣһһûȤ
ܣ΢Ц˵

˽գ۾һԽԽûˣɱ˻Ծ͹˳ԾˣôͽӵôڿЦ
ǵģպһҪǻֻͣҪͳɹͻǧԪ룬ɡ
˵ģȻǸСкˡ
ֻҪɽȷСкҪȥĵطȻͿԾǷһ
ȷҪĿĵ
˽ͷãҾȥк֣ȷ֪ͨҡ
á
ϾǸСкֻԼλãҲֻ߲ܹȥȷ
ҪҪǸԴ
ĩˣĪȻʣȻЩþֺɫŮˣǱϾҲǵϵ֮Ψһһǿߡ
Ů˻û͸ʱȲҪ
תſڣͷ
ߣ·Ȼ͸ˡ
Īûһء
Ҳ⣬˽䣬ͻصԼס
ʱ䣬ʱɽȥ
ʱĺܿ죬˽һֱæŶ˽˽ͱţĪ뵹ǾתһȦʱʱϼ䣬Դһһֱھ棬˵ڶʱһ˭֮߾Ҳûмѵʱˡ
Ԥ죬ڻƻʱ뿪ɱǳǣȥɽ
ʮľʿ˵ҲһĹ򣬲ߵﲢߵɽʱɫպҹ
ûϴף˿ȥͷˡ
վɽ߾ͷһ
ˡ
һ촦ȫµСкˡ
ЩȣʱŵģȻûͼСкĳ֣Ȼһ㶼û
ʱСкһ֣֮о˵ϢΧ
˵ͷߵֱ⣬ʵȥֻиĿĵأҲܹⵥɲɽӡ
СкҲ裬ֱӵҪȥ׸ؽһбڵɣ·;ܻЩԶֻҪ˽֮أϾͲʲôΣշ
׸ڣ
֣жʱĪľȣ⻹ɺϵ˼㣬Լӽ֮س⻹ûӾ»ȥ˵ȻǵڣҲûʲô˵ģ߲ɫĵͷʵôһʣֵܳĵ˭
ɱǳеκɵӶпܣֻҪ¶вأǾͻԹһ׷
Ск
ɵӶţâѪõ壬£ɱ򡣡
һһĽͷһ飬ӶɱǳʵǰģһЩӶȫ¾ʮصĸҲҿ϶ܹСк뿪
һȷǾÿγֵģֻеĳһ֮䲻ֵĿܡ
Ск϶ĵ
Ӷ֮ûвֵԼɡ
ߺʣӶֲ֣ɱǳкûκεơ
Լ⣬ǣ浽֪ܡ
ȻᣬСк֪ܣȻĳӶŵشܣҼпܾѪӶŵģԲŻܵѪķ׷ɱ
᲻ǿ߲֣
˼ȫȻ˵ǮƺˣɲԸһݽȥ
ᣬǿһ㶼עݣ뵽ҸӶŶ֪һ㣬鴫ĳλôһӶŶܴõһĺôˡ
ãǾʲôʱ
ԽԽã̾ߡ
СкԵЩһֱüͷ
һѣڳ
С
Ск̻ؾ
֪ԷȻȫţЦЦܹ֮ΣⵥҲա
˵꣬ߺɵתߡ
СкɱǳɵӶԵȻǹϵһĪܣСкĴܼ򵥣Ҫܴرڡ
ɱǳеӶãΨһܹȡģΨոյɱǳǲãûмκӶŵˡ
ȵȡ
߳Ск
ԻȥǱڰʱڻУ˲ܳʮ
˽⡣
߽磬߳һξֱ֮ʩչȸڿշС
֮ԽһߵҲǴ⿴ǧԪ⵱лһߺ뿴ȥǸʲôӣڱڵлмѣҲʱȥˡ
һӵʱ䣬߾ͻصɱǳǣֱ˽Ӷء
ԼªķݴУ˽Ѿۼ˼ʮӶǺʵʱ۷׷ס
֪ǸųģЦݴкЩ֪ʶģԵñȽ䵭
ô
߻˽һʡ
ɨΧӶֱӿڵֻȥͿˣⵥ漰ܶ࣬ʦڡ
˽һ£ͷתǰļ˼䣬ͷĺĪһ߳˻ش
ųˣҪȥģô֪ͨأ
˴ЩĵŮԴһѹŹֵϸõվ
Ϊأ߰ɡ
ԴⶼԼˣҲ˵Ҳ£ֱӳǡ
ףɻˣ
ǵĹ׵λãֱӴȥһṦ򣬴׾͸˹
߾ǡ
˳ţֱʩչȸ
Ī˽ֻǴ߶Ԫ٣ûʩչķ츳Դǽϵϸ׳ֱӲŷɽա


157 ߡϪ
󹤷˱ɽϡ
ô
Ī뿴ŵɽΧѹѹȺɽأ̲סʡ
׷ɱΪ˱ⱻ֣ҪȻҲǮǻˡ
߸Ī򵥽һ£ߵɽϣһ£ĵûһ˿˵Ϣ֪Скһڸʱܾܿĳط
ɣҪĻȫҪôľ
߾͸оһɵϢת
Щˣ
ת̿СкվڲԶֻԼһӰͺҹΪһ壬ǶôСĽ
ǵġ
ߵͷĪ˽дףĴ¼ԴȻЩô֪֪ףжϣھͰŮˣ˼ôĶ࣬һ㵥ԴȾ֮һ㶼ûӡܹ
Ǻðɣߣ·㰲ţ׸ؽ磬һὫһԵȫ㡣
ƺϹء
СкĻһߵ˽Ȼڵ
ӶŵϰߣһȸһĳΪҲܹЩһڵѪӶж־
Ĺأô
Ск˽
ȸһ룬Ŀĵٸһ롣
˽شĺܸɴ࣬ǰĹ
Ҳԡ
СкƺڳֱӽһСݸ˽
ʮ
򵥵Ŀһ£һ˱ֱ·ˡ
ҹ΢˶û˵ҲûмԦзڰָ·Ϣš
һˣɽ֮к߱һľ롣
ɱǳǾ׸൱ңԶߺĪһ·൱ʱ䣬Ȼ˵ٶȻʱһЩ⵱гΣգʱ
ҹľû˵Դüζ뿪ڣȴû̸ֹסû˵
һҹ൱ƽ˶оЩҡ
ȴ˿ûзɾ裬Ҫ֪˿ɱǳǿӶţһ¾ͻ
ʱ̶ʶ̿Ҵ߶ͼЧеĹעŷԲʮﷶΧڵĶ
ʱ֣ĲԭžĿҰ֮ϣķ
˵һҹ΢磬ûʱֻǿķôЩ죬ƺȻγɡ
Сˣ
κٿܴΣ֪һ㣬΢һ쳣ˡ
һѾߵڱʮʱѾ׿϶⾢ͨķ磡
ףô˿
Ȼо˷ȴȻ޷жô˽ӽ׾ڸУҲľ룬ʱ߱㴫ȥ
ûУֻǷе󡣡
׺ܿʹѶϢȻҲûзκʿļ
û˳֣߿һͷ
ƺѾǱΣԼȴ
ΣΪΣյģһֱŲɵġ
Сһ㣬߿£
Ը˴ףһһÿһˡ
ɫĳѾ¶һߣм˿˿ʪζ
Сĵһ֮󣬴׵ӰѾ뼸˵ˣߴӽָһѳСĵڱ
ѽռķõһѣе飬ǼƷսпԵȡ˵Ԫ佣ԣʹӾ
ܲһСˡ
ʱ˽Ҳоˣٱ
ʱԴͣ½ŲȻڿץ˼£˼˼˵ߣ߸ϣ鷳ˡ
ߣ
ͬǵһ˵֣ɵЩ졣
ѵЩķνģʲô
ŷ粿ܹ֮շ֮ʿȻóս츳׷ֻܼҪ߶ϣʮа˾Ŷᱻɱ
Դ͵
֮ƿصµߣܹͷΪһ壬޷
ԴһɳǣǺ֮Ӵˣ˽Ȼڳ˶ȶࡣ
Դôһ˵ߵɫҲɵļ˼֡
׷ٸ֣ܹƷ֮壬Ҫѵʮֵļѡ
ԴûжԸߵİ취
ȻԴʮֵ˽⣬Ҫβͣ»
ţҿԿֻһȥ
Դڵ
һˣУ
߻˼Ск̿ˡ
Ҫͷһ˶뿪евȱ׷ϻҪ
ûаգ
ûСкĻߵԴǰĿ
ԴɳķȻһЩصֶΣܹ׷ٹߣҲһ顣
ʣԴָĵĲһ¶ǰķ˿ЦЦһӦû⣬Ժ˵׼ˡ
һ仰˵ģԴһ϶Ĵ𰸣һ߻ǱȽġ
ãȥɣҪСġ
ֱİ壬Դȥ
Ҷ˵˲뿪ʲô˼
СкֳŭɫȻ߲ĻеЩߡ
һתͷСкһۣ˵㣬κβе
СкʱȻ
ȥֻʮ꣬ôͻȻ֮˹
ܲŶϧҲϲˡ
ԴЦصţѾٵȥ
Ǽߡ
Դȥ߽̿һ׷ԴĶһ߾ܡ
һ˼ǰС
Դ˴ԼʮʱͣվڿϺϾĸеϸ
Ϫ֪㣬ɡ
տĴûһ㶯
ԴҲļֻȤĶΧĿϪҴӷҵζҪˣɡ

׵ģһ̻ϸԴȻһ̧֣ϸա
Ķ죬ȷ绹Ҫ졣
һ̳Χķһ̾Ϣ
žͿԭľȻѸۣ󹤷һ񻣬µŮӾͳڷС
ŮžݣͷһССӡǣվ֮顣
ϪôҲЩӶǰˣ
ԴϪȻЩŹ֡
Դ֮Ѿûκϵˣ¸Ϊ֪ġ
ϪɫƽˮƺԤϵ˻ĳ棬ԴĽҲǲ
ǺǣΪ
ԴϸһֱӵֵϪʺ
ǵġ
ô˵һҲͷˣ
Դҧ촽еĽ΢Щ
ϪĬƺõĻش
ǽҵĽ°ɣ
ԴȻŭԪϸ֮ϷһХ
ԴŭϪƺûлرܻӭս˼ֻǾվԴһ
ߣ
ԴĽûд̳һƥĽȴǽϪֱԶ
סΣϪȻڵԴҪˡ
ԭѾջسԴȻһ𣬽Ųͣ£֮󣬿Ұ֮Դ
ĸ˸ӣұؽʬΣ


158 
Դܿ׷ǡ
߻ʱ߷Դʮֲ԰ףһƺͣĹžơ
ǹصǿʧˣ˵ԴѾλصߴߣԴģȻȥʡ
ȻȻ򷢵һߵ׷٣ȴˡ
ʱɢоʮǿϢѸ뵽˷ԲʮķΧ
ǰٶȲ죬ǰѾǰĴ·߻㱨ˣ;ԴֹҲѾЩΪʱ
ˣ
߳ѣе齣ս
˽ĪҲѸٵ׼жף˲ѣֻҪˣһǺСԷԲɳʿСġ
ԴȻŸƺε
СкҲʵսף׷ϣȻҲ׼
ٶȺܿ죬󹦷ԶһȺ˱뵽˼˵ߵС
һȺĲôһ£ǼԦзٶࡣַΣм˴ǣȻǰԦˣҲ˶٣һ˵Ǻʿˣٶȸϲǰˡ
һ˫Ӷǰ˿һԴǻյˡ
գ
ɱǳҲȽʵǺӶȣȴЩ
˽͸ߣɱǳдӶȻԸӶ嶼ָơ
ųл࣬ųκ˶ʵֻ⻭һʮֹ죬Сȣܹݻգ컷Ӧ
˵Ĺ򣬻κѾ˫˫˸ǰ
δջطֵκͿվԴʱЦû뵽ŮƹҲҽûȾƣСޣɣԹԵôүȥǮ
κվŲһȺʿ½Χһʱ֮տҰϱޱȡ
һӣɫȥ԰˫ȴʮֵ䣬޵ԨһɨһȦĿ䵽ϡ
ԭ㣿
ôʶ
߿˵ɵĺʡ
û˵͸ûˡ
Ǻǡ
ҡеȣ΢Цո³һսǽԾʮ
ˡ
߲ĻӦ³һսȷɱǳвٸǿߵעӣȫ涼Ե³ɴ˿ɱǳǾųɾŵǿ߶ȥ
Ȼ£ǽյֻ˵ǸΪСұߡ
ȻˣǻͲ˵һأȻԴߡ
˵߳ǰһ㣬˽ֳҲĪֳֻƽȻԴϸһվ
ԶһͻҲ̼ս
ߵƣκֹЦ
۵˽ӶųԴһֻޣҲⰡ
κƺǰδеĺЦһ㣬̿Ц졣
һԵĻ࣬˿СǰôˣԴʵһ³һսѾ˲˵עӣȻ˵ֵֻصʵ˵ںͨɲԼֵܹס
ǰȴһֱ֮˶Էںͨʽɴ˿ɼСӵʵȫóжϡ
ҸҪһǣֻǼȥ;Ϣֱ仯˲٣øǿˣҲѾ
˿ֲٶȣš
ҪУ
κЦ˵һ䣬ҡΧ㿪ʼĲ
ףȥҺǼʿ
˽һʱȥǵߣȡ͹ˡ
룬ֱںͨһ£ʱ䲻ࡣ
Դ˽С
һĴȥѸޱȵĽÿһԱҪ鶼ɣǰ粽ʮָſˢһеָױ˦˳ȥ
׺Х
һХֱУվŵʿȻû뵽ԷȻ˴󵨣ֱ˹ʱæ߶ʩչͨ
ֻȥСޣһŲҪᣡ
ڴͬʱҲκһĿĺȷǾҪͼߵСץסȻȥץǮô򵥵飬ܲսʤ֣ⶼǴҪġ
׳˽ֳһ裬ǰһƬ˸Ҳʱݣ̤Żκȥ
Դϸɽ֣ݺ衣
ЩʿֱӱӵˣڳиִڣɾѡһڻңԹۡ
֮ž޴Ĳ֮࣬սʿ޷֡
ߵսҲĳûнЩʿ㵽档

ڻ֮һеָ֮󣬾ѸٵʩչȸȫһɫĻ֮УվߵĪҲͬһʱ佫ƽꪴ߶ͷ˸һֽɫС̫
ȣյ˲佫ߺĪ˰Χ
֮УߺɵֽĪ뱧סһεľ飬һĪû˿ĵִڻӳ˳ƾ͵ߵĻ
ͼɣһȦȦΪĵ
˫ӵԪҲһ໥ڣĪ׳Ļƽ˲䷢˲ӲӵĽ⣬ɫС̫ڻΪꪡ
߱ϵȸɲǼ˻ûȸɼ۵ĻâһеѸٵİסĪĻƽꪡ
һ̣ɫĻɫĴꪳΪһ塣
Ľɫм䣬ߺĪ뻷ӵֻ˵ȴûϾȥ¶һ˿ķ顣
սڶԵУжס
ͨںϣ˰죡
ΪǿһͨĪ֮е۰ںϣһɷ·Ծ֮ϵﵮ
ԶСкһĻҲȵŴͣԾĿǰҫۻ⡣
˲Ϣҫ۾޴Ļ⻯һ̵ǰ˽ԴһĻκ
еСƵȶÿһζһɫĹâЩâһ־̻ûΪһ޴ŻŻ֮ԴԴϵдԵԪ֮ܳ
֮֮ţΪҴ򿪣
ԭκһʱǰ׽С޾ߵĻ࣬ȴȫȻûϵԷ˾ȫԼһļƻȴٳûг֣ûʮֵĵǡ
Եκȴǲһӡкȥ磬ɵĴӡֳԪصĵɫ
˫һ棬ǺޱʩչͨƬ֮ΧԪӿͻͼļͺʿ
ȣһȾ޴Żƾճ֣Ԫ֮ɳۡ
ʱоһޱȵȡ
̧ͷʱ˿ǰһϰϵĻ޽ƿն


159 
оյͬʱҲ˲еһǰδеΣС
ҿʲôô󣡡
࿴ӭľ޽Ѿ𾪲ѣʱκҲһͷȻǰٳľ޽⣬ʱɵˡ
㣡
׻ǻ򾲣һɲ̳֮ȣͬʱСһȣ֮ӿľˮԪˢ
κͻô˵ҲǺѾˣʱȻ֪ΣֻǷӦЩôһ㡣
ȣκʱһŤ߶Ԫʩչ۳ɼףͬʱо޴ķӡΧһ߳׳
ǻ໹κȻ࣬ߺĪ˵ںͨٶȣǿ¾ǽ߾ȫ޷¶Ա⡣
һ°ֵֻأʩչںͨôǿߺĪһһصʵʩչںͨԲǶʽС
޴Ľ洩̶ɨŻκ˵ǿźʿײȥ

ײȥκֱײ˺ʿϣȫûмļȻһײ
ںͨһʩչյӶǵų˲ͱǺ«
ײһͬģǼҵĲҽС
ʿǺʿȫ޷ֿߺĪںͨǺЩʿǣǿҵײ֮еֱײ
ڷɳߺĪʩչںͨ˾ǧ궼޷ֵ»֮ʵǿҲһԼκˣֻ˵ľʮҡ
κķӦ΢һ㣬ʱ嶼ó׽ˣĿֻһͷڵϲ֪
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161 ǿкɣ
ΪԼɱȫסԷȴȵķ־ɱֱֱӸڻˣһĻһȷǳ
ˮ澭ľɱַǿޱȣʽΧɱսʤԶǾߵǿߣǴʱƺǿˮ澭ʧȥЧһ˲Էֺ
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ЩһﾹȻܹе֮Ҫ֪֮ʮֵڲͬԶԱȽϳԪ֮źܴ֮ȫпһµ֮·Ŀܡ


162 Ī᳾
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164 
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169 պԵ
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ҲҳɣæСȥ߸ǰͷġ
ƻ۲ʶ̩ɽ뷨ˡһ
ƻͻȻ֮ڲپʧģʵһЦȴȻǵ͸䡣
ˣ֪ڤһǡ
ˡ
ڤȥƺ⻤̷ʮֵļɵߵĻ󣬺ԥľջӣվһԡ
ƻһڵĵǶԶԶվš
ڤ
߼Ȼװ׽̷̻ţôȻҲҪ˽һЩ̸˵
ʲôԸ
ڤǰվǰʹԴȴߵʻ
γʲôҪҪ
߲ȷڤĳֵΪʲôٿȷǺ̸йء
λ̷ָռŰپʮŸ꣬Ϊӵҩ
λ
΢ˮĻ̷ѾмˣƺҪٻʲôӣҪҵŰپʮŸŮ꣬ħо
ǵģص֮мصʮλ̷Ѿ˰λϴǾλˣλ̷һΪʱӸˡ
ڤشĺСģҲܹ
ռȽչô
ĵʣĵȴʮֵķС
Ѿ뱸ֻѡ
ڤĻش߲ɵһѾоŰٶǵ
Щģ
ط˻Ѿȡǵ꣬׵طţһռͿԽʽ

⻰ߵһƣȻЩץ޹ŮѾڷл궼İˡ
ܺãܺã
ʮֿĿ佱ڤȻֵôʽеģ
λҲֻǰλ̷֪
Ŷ
ûˣˡ
ʿɶֹһЩ֮ʹסӻʾڤ뿪ˡ
õָʾڤȻĴһ׽ͽͬڵһ˶Ѹٵ뿪Ԫ
ա
뿪Ī볤˿ظһµӡ
ǽô죿
˽ûĪ룬֮ӵ֪²гʱ
̾ߣǿʲô۷ʱҪˡ
ֲֻ״¶żѸٳҹɫ뿪


171 ħ̫
ҹɫʣڵĻأֻԼԿһ˼ǰеӰӡ
״ڵྯһֱƹۼ·ɱǳǵķϡ
˼һˣҲǷ²٣¶ڣû˶ٵ룬һεĻͱԸӶŴܴת˵ʽܹȫ÷ˡ
ơģ
·ϣԴȻյʡ
ƣʲôƣ
߸ɴֱװͿȫ͸һûƵġ
㻹װǸղõǸǸȻ˵٣ʶ
Դ˵Ц⣬⻰뵽ߵĶȴǾȲС
ԴȻ֪״飿
ѵ˵Ҳйǣ
ߺʮ״ֻеһӴƵ˲֪еܣһӴƣͱĽ̵Ļ̷ȻΪ̵ĸ߲㣬һĻǲ͸¶ȥġ
ԴǴʲô;֪أ
Ŷ֪
߲ɫʡ
ʱе㻳ɣԴⴿҳģҲͲ֪Ƶ
ǺǣȻ㲻˵ҾͲˡ
һ仰ֱӾͽûˡ
ԴסȻҲ˵ȥ
Ϊ˱ٴκڤһмҹ̵ĸ·չ򣬾Ѿ߳˽ؽ緶Χ
ʱѵ̫û࣬·߶Ԫƣ͵ĻҲһʮʹ飬ڼ˶쾳ʿڲǸǿȵҹ̵ҲɵӦ·;ʮֵƽҲü˱˼ɳ˲١
߸ǳ·ĹֽͨžԼž澭оһ
òϣž澭൱£ʵƣߵʩչͺѾѾõȸ쾭һ
Ψһܹͨž澭ʩչֻͨоһ
Ȼ߲ļȲõӣ¸߼ͨѾ֣ΨһҪľʵʵһĲΣȻܹЩͨŵеİ
ʱڴž澭ջ񲻴˵ǶСȵоվ˲١߱ĻԪ֮Ѿңټ֮ͨСȿԸõĹͨΧĻԪϢ߶СȵѾﵽĵز
֮ŵڻԪ֮Ĳ֮ҲˮǴߵ˲٣ʩչ֮ǰʩչĻҪǿ󼸷֣߶ٶЩˣɲΪԼ츳ģ˼֮ΪΨһĿܾΪȸ쾭ǱӰ죬˶֮ŵá
ʲôԭ򣬽Ǻõġ
һֱоԼУһ·ߵ൱ʵδо˿ġ
֮£ļ˾ͲˣĪ˽Ȼûгı£һ·ϵϺȤԴһ˵ΪĵһټϺ߼˶Ϥں˼ĵľ֮һԵľûӰˡ
кʧԴҲеûκΣĪ˽ȺõԴԭôһ㲻ϲ֮ԴӦ븴ʹȫΪԴʵ
ÿÿԴ˽᲻ɵĿ̾ΪʲôΨһһԸ뵽ʹǿ߻һŮˡ
Ϊ˸ʹǿΪʹ˽Ѿ𽥵ĳȥӦԴĴڡ
ԴкʧΪ˽ʵеҲ֪ԼʵмܲԴӺ磬֪ҲǷϻԸɴͲ磬
ԴҲãǴԶΪʲôҲ˽кֻż˵仰ȫ˽ų¡
ʮ죬ۿɱǳǲԶˣҲ˼·Żص·ϾĪ᳾ر˽ɱǳеĴСӶŵ˲٣һ˻ȥ˵ʲô鷳ʵӶߵǲںµĵЩǰӶŵ̬ȡ
Ȼ˵һ·ֻڲӶ֮һĵ£ĸǿƵĴӶŶûⲢǶ鲻עûвȡж
·ҲʹǸνߵĻһӶţԴ˽ֻ֮صŷ粿䣬ƺκһӶţȻҲųܹӶĿܡ
մԴóжǣкܴĿߵ׷ΪӶ֮׵ѪõӶṩ鱨
Ѫõ壬ɱǳӶаһɱǳǵĵλڳȫ棬Դ˵Ѫõ쵼һŮˡ
һ˶̵Ůˣ˳õˡ
õ˴Ѫõ⣬ɳ֮еڶǿ߶ԴΪɵ
õ˱Ǻ֮صеĲǿ߶Ų򵥵ĹϵҲжΪѪõҪݡ
м·Ϣһ죬һϢĹòٵҩǴһʵȻ˵ûֱܹ͵ĲΣҲ벻Զˡ
߼˲ӺӰ
վڲӵĺӰϣ߱ҡҡĲϷƮһĨɫӰӡ
ţ
ƮŵİɫӰӣԴ˽ʱüͷ
˭
Ů鶼˲䷢˱仯Ҳ֪ƮڴϿյ˾Բǿ羰ġ
ħ̫ӣõ˵Ķӡ
Դ̵˵
һõ˵ĶӣʱҲоЩȻ˵Ѫõڻڼ䲢ûг֣ºħ̫ӵһΪǼ顣
鷳ģ
ĪüǰɫӰӣС
ˡ
߸оҲǰ˾Ųʮʱħ̫ӳõסǵȥ·Ȼǳģ鷳Ļߵʵ벻ʲôܡ
ħ̫龳ʵһаĹ칦ͨҴʴӱϰĹԲʮ֣ɱǳǶΪš
˽͵
ţ
߳һ£Ȼš

ŮʱЩ죬о˵ĻߵԸ
ʱĪһָ쿴ˡ
˵䣬̧ͷԶϿյİɫӰӼڿһӰ
δȵЦ׷׶
ѾȺʱǵȶˡ
ħ̫˵Ѿǰһɫĳ۴һͷںڵĳڷУһŰɫơ
΢һо֪ħ̫ӾǷ֮˽˵ĺħ̫龳ʵȷʵ٣ҿʹƺҲͶʮͷӣ۷ŵﶼԳƵżˡ
ںӰվ߶Żصĺħ̫ЦܹԳһǹӵķ羰İɡ


172 Ѫ

ħ̫ӽŲأǰ˼˿һ΢Ц˵ǺǣǷų˵Ⱥͣĵȵˡ
ͣ
һ㶣֪ħ̫Ӻ«ʲôҩôԼӦú͹մϱߵģħ̫ӵͼƺԣͨɱǳǵı֮·Ƶġ
ħ̫ӿеųȻѪõųõˣúħ̫õ˵˼Ϊʲôأ
벻Ҫɡ
ħ̫ЦЦһһŲ֪ʲôһĶУݵߵǰ
¸Ҫд飬뺯λʱһҪˡ
飿
ɻĽӹһ£ȷǻдףϪ¸³ɱǳǵĺл

ԭħ̫й
߽ħ̫ӹ˵˼׵ĻȻֱӷ뿪ˡ
ѸԶȥĹһʱ֮䵱Щɽֵģ֪⵱еײʲôɱǳǵһӶŵ˴飬Ȼ˵ȥ˭š
Ϫ
ѾĪ룬ϵ˳
ԭħ̫ӽйǲ֪Ϫ˭
ҿһ¡
ʱһԵԴֱִĪгҴҷһ£ɫʱ˲١
ϪϪ
ԭûƭҡ
Դһ䣬ݻصĪУȻǲĴ߶ɽֱն𣬳ɱǳǵķٷȥ
ôˣ
ԴǲкֱӾˣĪʱͲ
һ·ԴصʵϲۿžҪصɱǳˣֱһ仰˵ľߣûн˷ŵ档
գ֮䣬ԴѾӰ
ˣȻȥɡ
˽ǲٶԴʲôϣˣֻҪܹΪӶųһЩ͹ˡ
ֱӴ߶ȸ˲ӣ˽ĪʩչŷֱŴ׺ʹڡ
˲ӣɱǳѾԶڵʱѾ˳Ļصɱǳǡ
ԭΪڽӽɱǳǵʱͻ⵽Ӷŵķѣ¿ƺЩǶģЩ°ӶǶĵûһ㶯
֮һйصӶŵĲϢȴ߸ӵİˣΪΪĺɵڲһսûɱǳȻǵ¶ϸıܴʩ
ȻԷڿ飬ȻûµȥǰͲ徻
ĳһṦһʹĻء
һӲڣһռزСĻѾ仯˲٣Ǵӽǽ䱸ȫ˽ǰǼϲ¶ڴӶŵ黹һЩֶεġ
յſڣһ󺺱Ҵҵӭ
ųɻˣ
󺺿˽ĵȻһ·СܵԵʡ
Ҳϵ󺺣Ǹ񽻹ֵʹ󺺡
ʲô£
ͷ߷ߵĵųߺ󲻾ãѪ˾ˣڿ˵ɱ˻ԣҪǸ
⻰˽Ī붼ԼͬĽĿͶߵߡ
ǰѾ˵ԾɱģѪ˲֪ôľˣĪ˽˼൱ԣҪô顣
ҲǱŮҲǲ³ЩʲôʱЩĵǻԿصʵҪɱɲš
ǺǣѪСɫɱģѪȥһ
߲ɫѪɱǳŲϺţۺҲǺͻһεģյųСȶˣһʲôѪ
ǾڻŵĲء
ӿûѪѪȻ˵ôǿʿҲ٣¸ʹĻһλǿ߶ûУѪʿȻҪҫвһˡ
ѪƺҲһ㣬Ȼ˼ܹɱ˻ԣǾ֤иڣƫƫѪ˺Ǹûʶһ㣬Ȼղʹơ
һ߸Ŵ˿ȻյſھڴСеģƹƹžžˤʲô
ţ
߶ʱɫͲˣԷⶼֳˣǵɫ浱ˡ

˼ոնһһӰͱֱ˳Ƕɳһ˵ϡ
ѽС壡
ˣʱˣæȥ˷
Ӵ簥εˤˡ
СģдĲ˺һܹվֱˡ
Щһﵱ̫
һĻ˽üһҪȥ
һ߿Ϸǡ
ֱֽ˽£Ȼ˽ȥ
Լ𣬵ȻҪԼͷοԼԱߣôܹŮ˳ͷأ
˽ĪԼһɸʹӶҲ߶˽ȥ
ʹУˣһɷ׳ŭվڴ룬˫ֱǰֺ⡣
Աߵˣһʮ꣬ȥϢʵӦңԱһʮߣɫЩףͷҲЩңвŪһӣĲײࡣ
߽ȫȻϵˣֱǰʣӳȥģ
ڸʹԼų˽Ѫ˽¿λ˴ԼŮ߽֪Ǹʹ˻ˣҪڣȴһĻҲͲ˵ˣҪëͷСֳʲô
ң˿⣬˵ӦֱӰ顣
飿
Цſ˿󺺣ĿӴ󺺵ͷŸɨһ飬󲻽ĵ֪վ˭ĵط𣿡
ţ
һ㶣漴Цԭǰ˫չžž죬һ˫ţ۵߿ЦվǾӵĵطһİɣҾԻ飡
Ǻǣ𣿡
˵֮䣬Ȼһʱ˾񵭻˵ˮīһԭһӰ߱ǴһΪķ򷢶˹
֣
о棬һ㶼壬˫΢΢һ֣ƺҪӲ˫չһߵӰӾץ˹ȥ
ߣ
һָڳһŻ棬Ѹֳ֣צȻץ˴󺺵ɲ
һе׼ֺݣͬʱֻȭͬŻȭͷֱ󺺵С
ڴĿ࣬޷ڹ̵ʱͬʱţ˶εѡССȣŲǸӴҪ


173 ȵ
ߵĹϣҲҵѸٵ˫۷ֿأ˫ǯһߵ䡣
䣡
ۿ󺺵˫־Ҫߵ˵϶ʱȼҵ˲Χγһϣ󺺵ĹƱȥ
ۣ
һ˲ĹߵצѾɹ
һ𣬾ͿڵĴ˲Ȼˡ
һĹôô
ֱһצץ˴󺺵ӣ˽ĪŮӶЩ⧲ġ
Ǵ˵㣬أ
Īݵľ֮׼ȷۡ
ȷߴʱõսַǰΪóĽɱ֮ΪɱֵȫȥսʽǴ׻ǸţȫĿǷΧ֮ڣж׼ֻһ˲ЧһʧȥֿĹֶΡ
˵߶˵Ĵλָơ
һץ˴󺺵ȴ󺺲ҽӰȻã˫չ˫۷ס󺺵һһ˦
󺺲ҽ𣬵ҲͶڵһѸٵķȥ
žžž
ɾĽ󺺶˳ȥӽָһ׵ϵѪ󶪵˵ϡ
ϰƺþûˣһ·һɱֵĿ⣬ϰҲ˳Ȼĸ
ʹ䶯Ĵ󺺣߷·ЩϧĵʵҸ㣬õİ취ٶȥ
һֻգ֮ĹȻ˵ϵҲоˣҪ赲ȴûлģҲȫûбҪΪױ¶ʵϾĿҪթһѡ
㣡
ˣ߻Щŭ˵һ֡
ߵǺϾ⿴˿ԶǰӳȥС壬ȻʮֹЦЦ
һɵãС弸ʶľһɵĶȻǶǰһˮٶȥַӡ̡
ô
ߴʱȫ⼸˷ʵһУһѾ˳סʲôͷ
ɱ˻ԣ
Աߵ˵侲٣߼ۣʵ
ûʲôԣҲĻˣǽžǡ
ȻԼɱ˻ԣȻôһ¶ѪʲôǿʲôΣԼϣǾ˴£οɱǳǿɲѪ˵㣬׿ɱǳȫǿ߲˵ӶһܽѪˡ
Ȼˣôպлݷˡ
˵꣬վȻǾô˳ȥһŭĸˡ
ߵ⽫󺺲ֱӴ߶뿪
Ѫ˾ôȴǻı˻ȥеӶǶΪܣһʱ֮ʹӶŸų˲
ʹո齨ãҪǿƵֶȡɱǳıǮǰ߼شպʹսɵ鲢ûɱǳдһνѪ˸ϳȥȴҲ޷ȥˡ
һҹĹɱǳǼ֪顣
ʹһλֶκĸ֣ţ̧֮ͳ׵סѪųԼıʿǽѪĴֱӷϵ
һɱǳɢţԽԽףòԥûм뵽ʹĶӶЩ׷ˣڵûܼ롣
ƫƫʱ򣬶ǰʾԸ븴ʹĶӶǣ˽ȴֱ˵ľܾˡ
̶̵ɱǳǵĴѾһˣǾǣλʹ긱ųǿԺͺħ̫Ტ۵ż
ѾǷЩߵһҲϣЩѵϾȴеͬʱʱǷо档
ȸ쾭ʹž澭һһľκһֻҪһ̶ȣȡòСĳɾ͡
Ź֮⣬ѪӡȵЩȽŵķҲֳ˲ʱϸ˼
˽ĪæӶŵĽˣߴǿƣ϶ˮɵ飬֮ʹӶŵɱǳǵĽֵϿˡ
Ȼ˵˽ܾ˲ǰĶӶҲһžܾͨԼжһЩȽϿɿʵ
̶һ¹򣬸ʹʵѾԽ˳ѾõѪӶŵͷ
Щ߻϶룬ֻҪûʲôҲŵģ·档
ʱ˽ҰĲ˳ڲʵͬʱѾǽĿ˹Ǯһˣһ㵥ɢȥڶ̽Ӿܹ
Ҳ֪˽ΪĿҪ齨һǿʵΪףҪսĿ񣬵ΰ˽˵ĿϿ˽ҪıĻкܶܶࡣ
գ֮µʱȥʹɱǳѾվ˽ŸȻ˵ûЩ˰ĴӶȣһĶӶŶûеӺ͸ʹκͻڵֵĺ׵ѪӶţʱھȻѸٵĵɱǳڶӶǵߣѾʮ΢ˡ
ʹųһҫ۵ǣѸٵɱǳϿſȻˮֲ٣κһΪʹԱӶֵ
ʱһʢģĩʱ򸴳ʹפǰһݺߴһλŮ
С߰Ĳûг׺ãҪӶôҿɸԲġ
վפصǰ棬Ȼͣ߶š
ںôҲǿŶοҲ֪ϲðˣ߱ȥðգһԸ
Ů쳶ߵӣͣҡҡġ
Ůߵһ취ûУջεĴӦˡ
ֺγˣﻹвӦĵֻŮ֪ɵӶɲǵ£ӶǹŵѪԲͻ

ŮЩߵӾ˽ȥ
ʲôģ
߸ոصĴţӶվ˹
ӶŵģҺųʶŶǸšŮСЦӯӯĶӶ˵
Ȼ˵ŮҶüȥСˣȴҲų˿ǽҪľͷ˽ȥ
˵ʶǼų˿Ƕˣ˵˵ҿǲܷǽȥ
ýȥС߻СһָһԪͷ˳ֱֻ
Ȼʵ׻˵ĺãûԹ⣬߻ǼģҲϳСǿߡ
Ҫȵһ£ҽȥͨһ
ǿ룬Ҳҵˣһתȥ˽
˸תԶһХݵĴѾ˹


174 
һ֮󣬴׺ʹڰ˫ɷѾڶӶ֪ˣʱλĪĳ֣λأЩȵģͿʮ˷ܵıŮǰĥ˼±˳ڵأŮɵױϣȻôˡ
һĻֱĿɿڴ˵ǺԼųʶҪȻƽĻҲ˵һ̬ˡ
С˵ĽפأǸں档
ûߵʹͿ˽ڼӶĴӵ߹
˽ǰûмСߣȴϵСߵүүһλߣ˽ϸֳȵɫǰߵϾȻϾСطϡˣ롣
˵꣬˽ͷǰ·Ŷȥʹ
˻ʹߺĪԼʹһɺĶѾˡ
СѾӴױվǣʱЩߵЦЦ;վϵ
С߹ѾˣϲС߹
СߵɫҲԼ֪һǬ컯ĹЧˣСڵħѾȥİ˾ŲʮΣˡ
ǻСֵûĻƽϷƳǬ컯˵Сܹȫĸء
ȻһͰϹŵЦݡ
ǰˣֻ΢һѣܹС߹Ҳܸˡ
ǫĵ
ǺǣǰЩ˵õҵСһȣϷ򿴣ֺ˿±õСӻҪ߳١
ϱĻҷˣһ˼Ŀ佱Ū߶Щ˼ˡ
г˼׻С߻ûἰҪӶŵ飬ֿڵС˵СֵƺܰԦһ

һ£漴ͷ˵ȴЩȤһֱûоԦ޷ţҲֻץЩССްˡ
ǺǣСֵܼȻд˰ãϷ򲻷һŷţҲΪҳɵһ⡣
˵ţ󷭿һöɫ
һָɳɵǰ
ʱһλԦ޸ŪģҲûô͸㡣
Ԧ޷ţ
΢ʱԼﻹһֻɽʧܵĵؿأҪԦ޷ŵʱ򣬲ϵ˯ͷʱ
ҲƴǣֽӹͲֱˡ
ЦЦͷԦ޷Ŷ˵ûôǰ߰Ǭ컯νǸĪİȻ˵Ǵ겻ֲֵ֪ǸǺ;ģôһŹҲǶһˡ
̽ݽȥʱһϢӿ뵽Ժ档
𹦣
Ǻӣǲ֪ʩչô
ҲһʱߴԵĿһ֮ҷŵһߣǱСѾһε˽
˽ȻǲܾģΨһһǾ϶С߳谮ޱȣӶȥðգһʲôʧ͵ǵϣһʦκ˶֪һʦɲʲô顣
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175 
׺ҫµĺһ貳ȵĺ챦ʯһǶɱǳǵĺ̾ڴĶ壬һֲӵĸо
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176 
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177 ͨʦ
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ȻѾߵˣڳǶǾˣȻ˵ɱǳǵͷʵЩҫЩȴЩ
һֱ֮ӽƵѪӶųԼұ壬ҵһ˷ϵȻ˵࣬Ǳ˷Ϊͣȴǲ
Χ˶Щɫ΢Цλػ֪һ飬λֻ֪λֵһ֮ȫѹѪĸ֣ȴ֪ո齨ĸʹӶڲ֮ȫӶԳĺɵˣΣ
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Ҫһǣ벻ɾȻ˽⣡


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ЩŮֳվӴһֱ쵽ĸ̨ϡ
߲֪ɽĻ񵽵һʲôӣһԿ϶Ǿһͷ˼Ļͬ
ȻʢװŮվ֮һʺĵ̺Ӻһֱ쿪͸̨ӵһ
͸ʲô
˶ʽûȤǵĿǰΪֹΨһȤҲֻδ·Ϫˡ³յһԵĪ뵹вס
Ǹһŵҩѡ
߹ӵӣֻ˵ǵҩȴ˵ʲôҩ
ĪȻǲĿĲݵͷһĲҪ˵
һöյʲôֵǮ
˻һڳļŮʱɴ۾
ѵ˵յʲôֵǮĶ
Ц
һŶյȫһۣҸ򲻵Ȼ˵ⶫûжʵ;ֻǱòֳ˥ϵ״̬ڵȴ޷ֹȻʱŶ˥ϡ
ҲΪĹЧŮΪ֮
˶һۣͬһʱİ쵽ǰЩɬС߶ԥˡ
İɣʵ˵ҾôһţѾ
ƣмܵסһŶյҲǸ϶ģ¹ʢμӻᣬ˵ʲôҲܿ˼ǰջǾŮջĶ˳
ߵĴȷյȻܹŮ񣬵˵׶ʵǿ𲻵κεãڻƿһĶǺԼôλòŮڣյջͬЧġ
ҲܣȻó͸ûˣǾҲҪûС
Ī뿪ʼˡ
˽㣬˵ǲǸ
⡭
˽һʱ֪ô˵ŮӰԣһζ޷ıģɵõҲ⣬ǳ˶յ֮⣬ҪഺפôΨһľԼ绪֮ʴﵽʥ磬ããܹ֮ʴﵽʥʵĿ֮Ҳô
˵ʵ˽ҲԶյʮֵĸȤͬ޷޴ջԿɲĪ룬뵽ʲôʱ˵
þͱˣ˵ûˣѵȥɰ
˽ĪһۣĪȻĵġ
Ǿ£ʱ䣬˵Բԡ
ţյȷǺöôҿɰųˣԤһſ
ԱߵԴЦЦ˵ţ۾ȴΧϵߡ
Ҳ˴ۣ˫һ̯ǺãǾ͵ȰɣҿǶһϲͨġ
ʱԱߵСȴǺȻҲһأүү˵ܹʦĵ·Ļ˵ܹʥء

ֱӲ˵ˣ⻰˵ͷϹģ߿ɲΪԼܹ𣬾ʦӣĻʦͲôϡˡ
Ϲһ߷˺һǽյ¶áʱǰƺҲˣ̺ʹӵλãһʢװЦǣһλɫʢװľŮŮݣ羫飬ͷһöƯӡǡ
̤źɫ̺˴ĸ̨
ΧǶʼźߺһ˽һˡ
ŷ粿ģ
˽ɱǳǻ켣ѾãϪͷϵӡʱЩĵ
ŷ粿λ֮صһ֮ŮȺǿ󣬵ǵ츳ȴʿĪҲŷ粿ܹһֱܵҪԭ
Ŀתӽ̨ĵطڷһر𻪹ӣӱˣһǻ欵ŮˣһǺϪһͷһӡǵӡ
ʱû˵΢ЦĿź̺߹һ˫¡
ʱû˽ܣҲܹųˣǸ欵ŮӣһǹĸõˣǸӣϪ˳ˡ
ŷ粿Ǵص彨Լϵˡ
˵ţµľ൱ˣΪĵأµ׷ױżĻ֮Ļ֮Ϊƶĵط
Щɢ˷˵Ҫչ׳Ψһһ·ǺϵǿʵˣֻܹȡӴͷչռ䣬Ҫ֪Ļ֮ԼĻ֮ĵطػҪпỹҪңһԴпѪɺӵľ档
Ļʽ൱ļ򵥣˫ֱ໥ʶһ˳˳ͳһһЩǿһ֤ʽϾˡ
Ȼ˫໥ʶʱ򣬴ȴͻȻ˱ʡ
һϸ˿ĽȻ׵ıԶ̨ϵĹȥ
ϢΧĿûд
Ƿƺûдص˼
һ̣߾ʹ㵵ķ֣ߵԴȻ䵯ϸҫһɽŹȥ
Դʲô
ֻüһԴѾ˳ȥ
һ̣˵ĿⶼĽԴ
ԴӰŲԾϸ̨ϸն
ɱ
ʱ˿̣˵Ժﶼֳôһͷ
Ǵɱѡֳʱ
Ҫ֪ڳĸֲȻ֪Ϊɱǳǳȫûг֣˶ɷϵΪʱȫڸ
ۿԴҪйԱŵõüͷָ̧𣬶Դһ㡣
õ˵ָһ޵õ廨˳
Դ㣡
Ϫһ˫ŵӣȫס޷ӭŷõ廨ȥԴ


179 Ľ
õ廨𣬽¡
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Ƶõ廨ųĿɫʣڿԴĽײɲǼֻǰһȫ޾ĺ졣
һĺ˶ķ֣һ俴õ廨ԴĽһ޴һԴд̳Ľȫס

ʱõߵһȣ־һСС쫷˳
磬飡
˵һӰѾͬõ廨ȴһ䣬ǧ䣬˲ɳסһСС쫷硣
ֵ˺Ȼǹʱ˿̣ԴЩš
סԼľȻǹҲټȥָֻᶯͿһ쫷ٵɢȥ󳹵׻ΪΡ
쫷磬õ˺ɿ˵ĸף磬齻Ҵһᴦĺܺá
ҲգԼȻ㴦ҾͲˡ
õ˵˵˾䣬Ȼվ˸ǲĺ档
忴õ뿪Ҳվ
Ҳ֣еķִ磬Ҫպˡ
һɲ̲ζҲ뿪ˡ

˶ˣ˿תԴһۣɱҲҪʱ򰡣治֪汿ǼٱߣǱ˵ȥ
Ȼ˿ûнϵӣָָǱߵϯλԹԵ˹ȥ
ԴǺοأ
Դ˵һ䣬ϪɫЩȻǰչ˼˸̨ߵ
Դ⵽ô£
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ĴȺǿһӵʺţÿʣҲԲˣ̴ǵд³
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˵Դյıʵ̫ˣȻĪ˽ԴΪʮֵĲ⣬ȣǰЩǱʮˡ
໥ţһʱ֮侹Ȼûٿ˵
ĬһᣬǹЩεľ档
ɽɳǣɳǾŷ粿ȽϽţ˵ӦϪѣ˵ûɡ
ˣԴĽжϳϪʶһ㣬Աŵļ˶ԾС
ԴԵ޹ʵڹĻ϶֣ȫʶôΨһܹģϪˡ
һԴʶϪ⼸Ѿŵ顣
ԴûзЦЦ˵ô²¿Ϊʲôôɱҡ
˼״̬ɨһȦЦҲһ²¿˱ӿд͡

˶ʱ˰ۣû⵱һ
Ȼô˵ˣԴϪ֮ļ˶µĲ²
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ȴҡͷֱӽɵжϸ˻ȥ
ûвµԱߵ˽ĪƺҲ²ˣ˵뷨ɵĲࡣ
һᣬߣֵܣ˵أ
ۿԭ⽣ӰľºʹղϷҲ֪Ǹ˻Σ˵׷ѾһܺõĽˡ
ҵ뵽һܣֻǡ
ȴû˵ֻǶŹ΢ЦӿЩ֡
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ԭĬԴȻٴαˣֱӽĻϡ
ȴǱϲٴЦı飬Դ˵ǰѾõĽһǣңϪһŷ粿䣬ҿȫ϶վ㵲Һħ̫ӹҪ˼վͻٳһħ̫ʲôġˣԾڴˣǿֵϣҲƽ飬պȻһУǾݹˡ
ʱҲ¶ڵİһһնģȫɺͷ񶨵أǿԴҲʱĬˡ
˵գվż˵һһЩҪһ£ͲλˣУǳлֵܵĶյһݴҼˡ
˵ЩǣϪֱִӽ˺֮С
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ԴԵʮʧ䣬ƺʮֵģԼûֹܳеܳ衣
͵ΪֹɣȻﲻˣ˾
Ī뿴ԴƲֵӣʱҲЩⲻȥǺȻһǰЩʮ˲ˬΪûʲô˵ˣԾͿڴԲ
߰ɣǻдҪء
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˻صסԴûлȥڻҪע̽һ飬˽ĪҲæȥˣһĵĵɢġ
ת˴ʱߴȥʱԴȴˡ
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ΧҲˣߵǺֱӵ˵˳οԴԼûдص˼ԭ˽Ī붼֪ڻϵʱƺ뵽һ㡣
ԴĬȻ˵ĺȷ
߰ɡ
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һ֪֮صĶ滷̲ɱżʣŷ粿Ҫ׳󣬾ͱ˵ֱһ㣬㲻ֹڰ
֪ԴϿŵȴǳľǿһ˼ȥòĻҪڹˡ
ߵĿǰ͸Ǿ⼸νӴȻԶԶǱֵô򵥡
ߵжһ£ǴžײʨһĴˣȻûпײеһ档
ԴôǸʹˣȻĿȥ
һ·صפأߵǷһ࣬ҲйǰḻľԼ߿Ƽʱ۰ۣԴҡ˼Ȼ˵Դûеͱ̬飬һ·ĳĬѾҡˡ
صפ֮ɫѾĪѾ޵˵һ鱨
ϣɱǳǵĲӶŶӵһ


180 
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Ϊʲôأ
һֻϣһֻϲϵţԷٵת
ƺһɱǳǶӶŵһ޴ı⵱еĶʲôأ˵ɱǳеĳһӶţƺûôıҪǳͼĻδЩòʧ
һɱǳд󲿷ֵӶţȻҲɱǳǻ첻ȥˡϾɱǳǵ׿ȫ档
ȵȣ
뵽ɱǳȫ棬߶ʱãδⲻȫֱʡ
ѵȫҪɱǳǣ
Ϊʲôأ
ȫ治Ϊ˴ɵӶŵĴڣĵλŻԳ
εķ֣һȦֻ֮صԭϡ
ɵӶʲôΪȾȫͬɵӶһ㼸ǳ˱ܣǼȫֱʣأ
ۿ˴춼ûȻȴҲʵڲ֪ⵥòýˡ
һǶȥ룬ӶӶѰƺҲǳģ⵱вûʲôȫ޷͵Ĳ
Ų̧ƿŵĺȻԴЩȣΪԴʱԴȻûȥȾơ

߼򵥵кһ£ָָԱߵӡ
Ϊǵ𣿡
Դһ˵һеϡ
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ԴȻ˵ûдﵽøĵزǺôҲǸʹĺĸ֣ЩûбҪġ
˵ˣǰЩҿѪɽƶļƺеϵ
ԴǰЩһֱڣ˭Ҳ֪ȥ
ţѪˣ
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Դô˵߶ʱ۾һֲѪƺ伣һ㣬ԭıʲô
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ӦǱĿԱȽϴǰһֱɻǻ͵ǸСкΪʲô⵽ڶӶŵ׷ɱһֱǰҲ֪ǶѪ˴ǮҪǳֵġ
⻰߶ʱȻ
ԭˣ
ѪĻ׷ɱĪ᳾ȻĪ᳾˹Ѫܣ⵽׷ɱڣ;ʣѪǲϧ۵֣߻㱼ǵõĪ᳾˵Ȼ⵽Ӷŵ׷ɱЩӶžԲһ֣ǰҲһֱ벻ףȴȫˡ
ѪȻܸ߸ˣ֮ѪҪסԼôͱ뽫κοܱɵɵ㶼ĨڶӶȥ׷ɱһûбСк̱һ޴ɵ㣬ѪҲ뵽һ㣬ÿһεֻһӶŵˣδֶӶһ
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Ȼ߸˽Ҳԥ̷ȥҹǢ̸
ʱ˽Ѿе̸׵ԷˬĸʮΪԤı꣬ҰһӦسǳϢҲ˳ͬʱҲҪѰҵ˵ϸϡ
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ɻԱ˽Ѿ򵥵Ľһ¡
νʵҲһֱƣϸ˵ԴͬУԴŷţνơе֮Ѫͳпٻ֪֮λá
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ټ˵Ѿʧ˼ʮ꣬żֵҲû˵еӵͨ쳹صͨ죬м߻ɱļ¼
ҲգǲģֵǮǻʵľͳɣʰһ£վͶǰɽ
ˬı̬˽Ҳԣȥ֡
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ΪʹĸųߵĻҲ൱صķһֱΪǮĵֶΣû˵һεʲôֱӸÿһ˷һʮַĳͣе˶˼Ѫһ˷ֱܵС
һߵҲûָЩܹӶŴ棬һ֮ԴһҪľ죬Ȼ˵ͨʶ۲ΧһУʶҲܵģΪʿϢĻʶ޷쵽ġ
˵ڸϢķͨȵȶĽϢڸȥ
ڶһ磬ʹǿȫֱӳɱǳǡ
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Իһߣ޷ȷûڰעǵĶȻ˵Ҳһܹãܱûеĺá
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Ѿ˽˵ãڵɽ»ϡ
ףϹأ㸺ľ䡣
һγֻ˴׳ʵĴڹؼʱǿ𵽺ܴģڴڣûͻΣԱ˼
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ɱǳǵλñҲǴڷشΧϡ٣ߵĿĵظǴ֮صĴɽһ·֮˵Ӱӳ֣ȥ಻ϵȺɽأ޲ĵطһĺʿѾˡ
֮߳󣬶ҲýСģȻ˵˽ѡĶǺ֮ʵǿʿǱϾǺ죬޻ķΧҲʮֵСĵġ


181 ˽ľ
˴Լӣ߱𽥷ΧĻʼ˺ܴı仯ֲǵرʼֳһɫİɫ޴Ҳ԰ɫĸΪ޸ײУʮ־йԣȻ󲿷ֳֵ޶ֻǶޣ˿յЩǾݵģһİ˵ĳ־ͻᷢ
죬Ѿں޵սжЩѾʼ˾⡣
ڳ֮ǰ߶Կܾĵط൱ϸ˽⣬֪ĵа֮أǴ֮غصļ϶ش˵оסڵصµ尵ħˡ
ħȻĺ಻񣬵ȴźƵǻۣħһϲҴӲӴ˵ҪħĵҲǺѡ
ߴŹ۲һΧĵƣѡһԱȽϿķɽ£˳ĻԺǾͿԴ֮ʽ߳صĵؽġ
̤밵ħ˵ĵؽ磬е˶ԱСЩӶ˵ȻδĿĵأǾĿǰѾ鵽ǰδеľգΧʱַܳϮİĵ¸Ѫİħ˾סʱ޿̶ڿǵԡ
ȻΧо䣬ÿһʱ䶼߽һιͨȷΧİȫ
룬˽Щħ˵𣿾һЩ˵ħȻٺӴǵʷȴʮֵƳ׷ݵϹĩ·֮ǰ
·ϣĪ룬ȻоһЩϣǱϾֻʱţһļأڰħ˵˽⻹ţһë
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Īһ£߱˵ħ˵ʷȷԶϹĩ·Ҫ磬˵ħһӪʮǰȷ֮һ
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ǵģӪ֮ΨһһܹͳεĴڡԿ񣬿˵Ǵҫ˵һַѣӪĳ֣ײս۷塣
Ī˵ˣȻ˽ҫ˷ҫˣǷѲݡ
νӪƺź˽Ȼͬݺ
ӪĳԱЩʲôˣ
Ī˼߲²⣬νӪȻǴɽΪײȺ塣
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ħҲŻԻ͵ʷء
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ֻǿϧ´еӪѲˡ
еȴҲһ͵ţ֪һֱԿӪһʲô³
⻰ĪҲ˿Ȼͬܵ䣬Ȼ˵Ī񶼲֪ΪʲôȻȻķҫѡԿҪľǰд־ȥһֱߵľͷ
ĺܳһʱ䣬δԼлַ̤һ죬ȴҲʱʱĻһεӡ
ˣ˵ˣⶼһˣҸطϢһ£ܹ֮صģԺ˽ǻϡ
һ·ô࣬߶԰ħһ˲ٵ˽⣬ֻǾħһأӪѾڣħһҲûյǿֻҪǣʲô鷳
õϢӶǱѸٵĿʼѡδһʱϢþߣһṦһж׼򵥵Ӫпʼð̻
ħһ嶼Ǿסڵ¶Ѩ棬Ѱʳʱڵ֮⣬ʱڵϻѾ밵֮أȴħ˵ӰӶû
ͷİħǲǶˣôһ
⼸ߵƽҲӶǷ˾裬ʱϢЩ˿ʼħ
ҲߺĪһϢʱһ˽Сߵȴǽ˾
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ԭĶʮӶԱ´Ѿһ룬в˴˲̶ͬȵˣЩ˵ʶǳǿֻҪܵˣͿԼս
²ЩӶʧأ˽ԴС˵ҲֻԴ״һˣ˽СҲ˲ʡ
ǵڵ֮ؽ紦һŨԭǰƶ·ߣȫƹ󵽴ɽ·ģҲ֪ǰƶ·ڶʱ﷢˱仯֮˽뵽С
ҺĵطûЩۻ޵̶涪ҪԵĿɲֻ޷ֱȫͨ·أ֮еһޣβߡ
βһֽεĴڣһ߷Ƿǵޣͷǣߣβȴ
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ԳŢͻˮİ͸ŨصĲɫԿԶβߣ˽ԼƺѶһ·ϡ
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޽ƺŸ·ٿ֮㳯ԶȥټȻǰȥķǵɽ壬ɽ
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Ȼ֪ͯӵǸʲô˵ǴͼѹģôͲ˺ǵľٶ˵ҲõĻʲôء
̤У߷ΧĻһ䣬ԭԼվһ˽Ī˶ѾΨһܹģֻһ㱵ĳεĿռ䡣
ͯӵ˼ʱݣǽʱǱ֮ǰεİգεĸı䣬ȫҪԼˡ
ڷʱٵĻҪڴﵽ֮ǰϤ󣬳ͳסڵĿռ䣬ҪȻȷʧЧ֮һжıġ
ʱߵĶٴͯӵ
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תĴ֮УܹоЩԴ֮ߵٵĻָǰʧȥٶҪϲ֪١
ʱݺܿ죬߿ʲô飬ָĿ죬ζʱ٣һʱ䳹׻δʱ䣬ûгռ䣬ôһоˡ
ҪнңʱֻһΣɹǾҲҲˡ
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ΧϳççԲԵĻ棬Ӱˮһѭ棬ʱʱĻһľ
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һʲôһ㣬߿ԼΧÿռ俪ʼѸٵʧգ۵ĹΧķʧˡ
ɹˡ
ȻʱΧȻǹĵɫȴܹоԭ˿ֲıԴ֮··ʧȥЧһ㣬𲻵κá
ץʱʵʱ϶ٶȻɰǧ
ͯӿߵһɹ߳󣬵
ͯȻһ̬֮ͫвϵͷųǿҹԣ漴ͷ
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ϥأָһ̧һöӱ㸡ֵǰ
ʥǰѪӶõöӣܹӿٶȣȹ񣬰Ԫڿ缶ʿ˵
ʥߣûеһʱѡǷľۼԪʼء
̤ѾЩӣȻճ˵»ʱ򣬵ǧ겻̫˷ˡ
žžž
ѸٵͳһѵҩҪʳͬʱ˫ָһƴ
գ֮䣬ҩҩ㷢ӳӴѸڱתͬʱҲ˫ת֫ٺ


190 ˾
ȵϵĴ壬߶ʱ뵽һǰδеľ֮С
ʱ϶Ӱ죬ûһ˶˵ԼССռףɿʱ٣˲Ϣǧ꣬Ҳ㲻䡣
Ȼ˵ҲҹȥԣϾͯӵʵʱ֮ͯӵĸɣôͻᵼͳδʱ˾ͻ᳹ʱ֮޷
ԣڲͬʱһĵʱ١
һʮ
ʮʱ٣˵Ѿһ൱Ľˡ
һʱ߾ҪǸʱ
תƬ֮󣬸оһжʱٴΪһʱ൱һ졣
߿ʼ۵һ㣬ȥͻһӶﵽ˺һľ硣
˾Ȼ˵ʿһ󿲣ȴҲʿһˮ룬Ͼﵽ˾磬һı־
ﵽ˾ݵأҲýˣͿ
˾ʿʶһϴȵʿ˵һСķԾϹĻ˾磬ݺʵϻһ
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п˿һԵͯȻھάͳδתʱٶ񣬽ȫܹõĵҩһԶó̻һ¶ӣǽȫԼʮŶ׳ߣʱ޿̵е
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ʱͳδеĻĸˣؿѾͯӼٲѹٴʱ٣¾Ҫ׷ޣҪڶʱʵ˵ðյĻǾԲܵġ
֪֮䣬ʱѾһʱ൱ʮʱ١
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ʱţ㲻һ̾ԼССռ֮УƴתԪͼ顣
飬ʮֵļѵģһʿҪʱİҽеΪڻͨ۵һ㣬ܹΪ顣
µ龰ЩζʱҲûжѡأҪŵİɽȡһ棬ǾͱǿʵУµʵԶԶĲ
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飬ĻҪѡ

һߵľЩ㱣ǿеתԪҹϢһʿѾױ߻ħˣߵĸȻоƣ۲ǻڵ߻ħĵز
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յ˵ӦϾǽҿԴۣҲģȥȥ򡣡
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ҪгԶĴ㣬Ҫպһô龳ǻ򲻺ã꾳ʵͻۿۡ
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Ȼ޷ٴν߻ǾöʥϾͻ˾ЩûдﵽԲѾѡͻƣ¸ǷתԪͼͻ飬ڵԪȻ˴ȵȴ൱ı꣬ʥͻȻõȹ̡
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֪ûвȻɾ鷳ˡ
ͯһ䣬ҾʹţСԴ󣡡


191 ȡԴ
˶ָǰģоյĶȹһ١
ʱͯҪСԴ󣬼˶۾ţڰڶʮ־ͯӵʵжٱ죬»ǲΪɽͼıԴ꣬һǱѰͯӵѵĹУ߿ǿ˲ٹĶ˵ͯӱֳǿߵսҲ̫ȡ
µλֻǱԴеһСͿҵԴĺλá
ͯ˵ţһ˫ֽܵĺһȻķֿ˱㿴Ѿһɵɫâ۳ССӡǡ
ʹõҲǰӡ
ͯʩչַȻԼİӡʮֵƣ߶ʱЩʡ
İӡǴõģȻʩչֻҪ㹻ʩչİӡ󡣡
ͯϲͣһ߲ŵɫӡǣһ˵

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ˣ
ȻһĪͶ㵽һԡ
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ϢӰ֮󣬾ͿһɫӰѸٵĴܹ飬缲硣
ɫӰӽΧҹĻΪһ壬ϸֱ棬޷˵Ķȴʵĸоˣ


192 Ҷڣ
¹⣬żȻһƳ֮£߿һİס
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ǱڵˣҲɱǳȫ档
ɱǳеӶŰɣһʮģĽۡ
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ԽԽǿ߶ɽȥˣȻһ޴Ļҡ
źԶȥķС˵
ĪҲͷһεİɽһУø˷룬ȻѾɽԶǽһȴȫûһԤףǸ޷ȥƶϲ²⡣
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˵꣬ǲߣתȥܿʧˡ
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곹ʧĪߡ
ԳҶڵˣûɵĽɽܶ˳Ϊʲôأ
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ߣȻȥϢҵĺú˼һ¡
صϢأڵϰ˼ҪѷЩ鶼һɸѡһ飬ǲ಻ϳĵط

ڶ죬һ˼Űɽߣߵ˼ٶȸϵĲ졣
ҲھɽѾԶԵʣû߳ԶǾɱǳһӶŵĳԱɱ
ۿ˫ƲˣֻӭͷƤߵһ


193 ˷
ɱɱǳҲŲͷɱǳӶеһڽһɱǳеѸٴҲɱǳĸӶŶʼ׷ע
ɱߵһΪ׵һӣʵңһģλʿʵû
ⲻʹų벻ܹ档
˫ɱͷͷˬЦų߻ӻ֣ʾʮơ
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һԵ˽С˵ߵͷɱǳвϵ˶ɱǳеĸȴ˽⣬˽Ӵļ֮⣬ĵǲʶһʶ㲻ʶ֣ɱʯ壬þôһˡ
֪ߣȴʶ
һһᡣ
ƤЦⲻЦʯ˸кȻͲ˵ˣӵǴҪߡ
̬ȣʯЩˣôɱҲݵһ󱲾Ҳ˵ӡ
ųɽвٵǿޣ֪ûа
ʯ岻֪ʲôҩͻȻ˵
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Ťͷ˿ʯ壬޵ûһˣһ˸Ȥ
Ŷ
ʯЦˣɽҶղ飬˵ߵĲ²⣬Ӷŵǵ뷨û룬ʯʵ벻׻ʲô˻Ȥ˰ɽϵر⡣
˭
ʯµ߶һȦӣҶҪɽȥģĿĶһҪ۵һġ
Ǹ˾ǣҶڣ
߹Ѻ漸ּأȻڿˡ
ţҶڣ
ʯԭм϶ʱɫ΢䣬Ҷڵ֣Ȼ֪ǰǵоѾһΪνҶڸһе֣ͲˡɱжҲȫǰΪǰƶķߵģȴͻȻ˵ҶڹˣҪȫ
ݵıɫ֮ʯ漴ЦʲôЦûҶ⡭
˵һ룬ʯʱɫЩˣΪȻʶԼƺѾѲ˵Ļ˵˳
ŶǼȻ϶ûҶˣôΪʲôأ
ȻŹʯ˵©Ļ飬֪˵һ£ſ˵ˣȻһ£֮ǽȻͬġ
Ҳ֪ʲôҶڣɽҲ޷ų˵ָʾѰһ¶ѡ
ʯ忪ʼ
Ѱ£ܺãǾͼѰȥɣԭǴ㽫ҶڵϢ͸¶ǣʱͽ԰ֵģ˭֪ǲ֪飬ǿĺźˣ߰ɡ
ֆ˼䣬ӻ֣ż뿪ۻĳŰɽķߡ
һֱߵ뿪ӰʯɫصĶ˵̳һȥǣ⣬Ѹٽ鱨ųˣ˵ƻб䣬ټ֣
ʯ˵˴Σٶȥ
ɽ£ȵ˼غ˻˵
Ϣ˳ȥʯµһͬһŰɽȥ
ʱѾ߳һξĵĽʶ̿ͼЧеĹעΧĻ
ΪʲôҪҶڵ˵ɱ֪أ
˽һֱǰľٶʮֲ⣬ǰԤ֮ûĴڣȻȥ飬ĳˣôҪȥһǸصĹ̸ĽˣҪĳˣȻܸá
˽ףΪʲôὫ׵ľ͸߸ɱˣǵֱͬӸԼһǿľ
鰡ʵҲܼ򵥣ΪжνҶڸͲģɱȥԣѾڰɽҪ˶þͻ
߻ش赭д˽ȴǶʱȵ˵
ôû뵽νҶǼðأ
Ǽðģǵǿæһ
ǡ
һ뵽һ㣬˽̾벻ͨĵطˡ
ҶǼٵģôָʹô˭أ
ѻشҲһֱôһ⣬ʵԳҶڵ˳ֲãͿʼˣȴһֱûһܺõͷ
Ѳ²⣬κһɽ֮еҲһ϶ûҶˣǲŻһٵҶߣע
пܡ
˽ͷķҲ˵Ŀǰõˡ
һԶ϶һɱָʹġ
߿϶˵
Ϊʲô
˽⣬ѵ˵ǴӸղʯЩ仯ܿȻЩˡ
Ϊ˸βָָ͡棬ֺǺǵĵ
ţʣ˭ȥβͽ

ԴһӦӦ
ãǸûǿɴĽС
߼˼䣬Դٵźȥ
ɱ̫ס϶ҲҶڵ䡣
˵
Ҳֻʯľء
˽˵
ǣò
˵һûͷûԵĻͼǰˡ
һṦ򣬼ʹǳǳĽŲ̤Դˡ
˳
Դɫ糣ĸ˻ЦǺǵʡ
һɫѣɱеҵĽ
Դû˵˾䣬Ͳ˵ˡ
һ˼ǰߡѾʮֵĽӽɽλˣԵģΧʿԽԽ࣬ʱʱĻܸо̶ͬȵϢ
һ·Ҳû棬˫ѡ˵һʱܿԵʡ
˽ӽʱѾңңɽƵɽˡ
һ·߹൱˳ˣϢϢ˵
ĪҲڱûԾһ㡣
ۿɽĲԶˣҲһû˵ս෴ģһʮƽԴ˺β֮ȻǷƽ˾ûһ죬ȻɱһǳưͿ㵱Ѱߵ鷳ˡ
ˣҸطúϢһῼһ½ô졣
߼˵˼䣬󼸸ǰѰһξ룬ҵһʮελãȨҵϵϢء
һ춼Щƣۣ򵥵Ĳһ֮ͿʼϢ
Ƕһߣ˼顣
һֱڸĴףʱǰߣҲ
ãչüëƺͨ˲飬ʱߵĴȴȻȥƺоϢ
Ŷ˭
һ㶣ʡ
顭


194 ̫
ȷ
߶ʱһôɽľƽǽȻͬӣ
޵ĸ֪ҪĶ࣬һǾԲϵģȻоϢôѾ
ʱ˿̣е˵ϲǡ
ߵʱ˵Ҫҵ˭
Ǹʱ߻֪˫Ǻηʥ֪ˣ˫Ϲĩ·ʱŵ飬񣬶ǹ˫ˡ
뵽Щ߶ʱãɽľѾˡ
ҪԴ֮ˣȻԭ˫˵˫Ҫ⸴Ŵҵ˿˫һѣȻһ粨пܻٶа֮ս
Щ߶ûʱȥǣǣ飬ô죿
ִҪ뿪ѵ˵˫ӵвأ
⵱еһУֻһܹ͵ˡ
һӣȻͷҲˣЩӹĲɣľȻӵΣգ΢пܴɱ֮ߺÿһС
һҹ޻
ڶϣһ˾۵һȷô
޻ɵģ˶Ŀ䵽ϡ
˵˵ôɣܲĿĵײ
ΪӶų˽ȿڣȨߡ
ڵľȻôʣʱöҪѾɽܽǲ⸽۲켸գ׶ЩˣҲúһ¡
ǣҲɵòǰֻһʹ뱾Դв㶪ɼɽǱΣ
Ҳã񣬵Ⱦ֮ж١
˽ͷǡ
ǣߵ˼˾ͽɢһһҲǰй۲춼Щʲô˳֡
ȴʱǳϵǶ׵ĸ֣ȻоģļŮӾͲһˣСߣδӶģûĥˣڶ׵ȫ޷ӦģֻǶ̶̼ʱĹѾЩסˡ
ȣ˵ʮأҲ뿪
˾ôĵһֱɫڣͿԶϺȻƮҫ۵ţһſγһĿͼ
ţ
Ŀ̧ͷһƶų˼
ɳǰƽڵˡ
ţһԵԴ̾˳
ƽڣ
ɳǰƽڣߵĵһ˵ֻ֪ɳΪǽ
ţǵģɳһڣֱǰƽڣںڣǰƽڡ
ԭɳΰƽȸͿԿ֮ҲԶˡ
кܿ뵽Щ˵ɳ֮䲻ǸΪĻô³ľԲֻǰƽһš
ûǿߣһɫ켶𡣡
ͨԶϢߺܿͷֱһ˵ĴʵΡ
ʮλǿߣûǿ򣬷ŵ°ɽҲǶ⼶Ⱥˡ
˵ģ¾ߵһͰƽڵ˿⣬Ҳǲܵġ
֪ɽܡ
ʱ˽Ҳ˹Űƽڵ˶һٷȥ֪һԲǺĿĵģı
һṦаɢȥƽڵѾ䵽档
ɽˮԽԽˡ
̲ס̾˿ԽԽĴ룬ֻܸǴ鷳谭
쿴ǱҲ˹ˡ
߰ƽڵ˸ոûɽͲãһðӰ
΢΢ͫףǱ߼ٷȥ
ΪһһŰɫߵĺɫۣɫˮһ˿һĲ˫۸޵Ԩһ㣬֮иһ塣
ֻ̤նУ·ƽء
ߣͬһնеߣ뻨ף˫磬üĿ֮ɨΧĿռء
ˣߵ۾ʱһ
ڣ
̫ϳϳԶִ̫죡
ڵɽ̩ʮؽǿ߻Զߣرаһħִ̫죡
˵ģˣȫðɽľٴζһ֪ڼȻˣ;Բֻˣ
˼δߺȻһȣһ㣬ٿȻֱӽ̤ã̫ͳԶȥ
ʲôȥ
˽Ī붼ֺγ֪ߺͱ֮Ĺϸ𣬸ֹȻǶз츳ͨǲ򲻵ѵʱȻչ¶ֻҲֻܿš
һԵĵؿವһ±Ǹ׷˹ȥ
ʶǣ
Уؿʡ
ˡ
߼򵥵Ļشһ䣬ʱѾңң˳Զ̫ǰ
ʱ̫ҲѾϳߡ
ϣ˽Ҳ˹ȥԶԶؾͿڵһڸǿѸٵĴǰ
Ϊ֮ǰδ߽ӴԶڱڵȫʶʱֻ֪ߺйϸģҲֻǱֳֵľ裬û˵
ߣΪ׵׷꣬뿪ڵʱѾΪڵõ֮Щ쾳ĺ֮㣬˵׷ʵҲأǸߡ
׷һģǱڵ㾫Ӣ㳬ȵȣڸԺƺû¶档

̫ͳԶһĺȻǵɱ̿ճǵʱڵ˶ʱΪ𾪣̶׷׽ɻĿͶǰļϡ
С
ּˣִϡ
ߵ˵˫ۿ̫졣
̫۾ûһ˿ߵʱһȺΪϲΪΨһԸܵĽˣת۲ԭ㽫ԼеĽڳȥͷҲա
ǰҺǸˡ
̫΢΢̾Ϣ
л֮ȻȴһԵиִ֪˰ɽԴԲͻȥִ϶ǡ
Ŷ
˵ΪλбԴ󣿡
̫Щȣͷ·뵽ЩʲôͷлѣԳ֮飬ôٻᡣ
˵̫꣬Ҳߣһתһȥ
µıڵǿ̫ͳԶѾ뿪ҲͲʲôˣֱӸ˵һ׷˹ȥ
Ƭ֮ߺ͵ؿص˵档
ǸѾ޽ӽˡ
棬ؿͻȻ˵
ǵģҺһμʱѾʮؽˣײĪĻԵˣͻҪ˶Զˡ
ûк˽ǽԼͱڵĹϵֻǽΪһͰƽһͬڣҪģȻǾ䣬ڰɽûо޴ı֮ǰ


195 ħ
ҹĻ٣ɽޱߵĳ֮Уңżῴʿµһ˿˿ۼ֤ԭһ̵ֱĵطѾòôƽ
ߵֻΧķ;裬δһɽķ̽ߵĲ²⣬Ҫ˶ͻᷢıʣʱʱΪȷѡ
İɽѾ˼Ļ֮ˣÿһжҲǵΧԶŲǵǿǱŵȴʱޡ
֪֮ΪαʵĽĵİɽϣȴȻǰ
ԭʼľĴӵ̫һֱİɽ壬֮̾ޱߵĴ֮ϡ
ȥֻΧڰɽΧӵ֣ԲķΧһֲ֪ĸߴԭʼľΧţֻǵȥ͸һ͸ǵɭȻ⡣
ҹ˵֦Ҷɳɳ졣
Լ֮䣬ڰҹɫڻ£мģӰϢŰɽķ򿿽
ߵĺСģÿһƬ̣ߵķͲʮֵȥһ·
һṦ⼸˱ܼĹǰ档
ҪϰɽҪӽԭʼ֣⵱еײ˶ɱɽκһˣ޷˵
ųΧʮѾƿħǻ޷֪е
վ棬˵һС˵
ħҲֻ˶ѣǸʲôһһоǡ
һ˵Щ䣬Ҳһݽɫ
һ˵˶˵ˣĬƬ̣һ˴ͷƬħֵԭʼֵ֮С
һȻһСӶţԱصĿһУ˴֪ɽϹԲأעһҪһ̽
ħ֣˶оΧĿռ·˲ģ
ûһ⣬ȫ׵ĺڰ
µ·Ҳ޻һȥƮƮģƺԲҪӡ
ǼôҲΪʿǿڣǴʱ˿ǵĸоһģûʵСγɲͬĸо
ųйŹ֣ǲǡ
ûãһ˿ڣĻû˵꣬Ȼǰһһöҫ۶Ŀĺɫӵһļ
Ҳͬһʱ̣ǰһѪӵɫһ졣
ۣ
ֱʱŸоʲôȻſڣһѪڰ֮һϸϸѪꡣ
ȿѪٸо쳣ûиоʹ࣬Ѿ⼸ȫΥȴôˣֻϧѾˣ޷ȫܴڵ˵
һѪ˲һѪڼ˵ǰ׷Ҳͬһʱ䣬ǵÿһ˶һҫ۶Ŀĺɫӣת
ãߣ
ɴĺĸѾһĻ䵽ϡ
ۣ
ŽмûмĿ磬ƬƬѪڿѸţ¡

ڻһ˾ֵĴһҲվ޷ˣҲֻǺͬȶԶôӶѡ
ʮʬȫ֮󣬿˸һѪɫĹâ
ѪɫĹâҫΧħһֹƵ֦ͬʱҲӳһӰ
⡭
Ϣҹɣչ˫ڷɵ˿С
ʱڵҹУһ𣬡С飬ˣҹɡ
ģűԴҪ˴£оСῪĵĻ㾡ȥ˵ɣȫû
ĺɫӰһûֻѪȵҹһѪζ
û˵ħٴαԨһ
õϣڰɽΧŷԲ֣֮Ϊħ֣й֮ºţҪϰɽͱ봩ħ֣Ψһĵ·
ڶ峿ߵһʱ佫һЩڰɽĶ˵
˵ڵɽ֮пܴħѪйϵĶħˡ
Դѵõһأÿÿ˵˵ϣȻǺ֮ػ켣ˣ֮صһЩŻ֪ġ
ħѪʲô
Դ˵ħѪ˶֮һ㶣ǵлû˵ħѪ
˵ħѪǺħֱϵѪĶħѪܹħǱܣΪǣҺη
Դôһ˵̾ˡ
ħ֣ħʿ˵͵ãʿǴǵһ룬ǵħǣԶ޷ͷ
ֱӷɹȥأ
Īʵ뷨ܼ򵥣Ȼ޷ħ֣ôѡֱӷɹȥӦûɡ
Դȴҡҡͷ˵ûô򵥣ħƲ̤ħֵʿ̤ħֵ򣬲ǵ滹Ǹ߿գ޷ħֵ谭
˵ĻʲôˣĪ˵
Ҳһֻ˽һ°ɽĵƣҪ˶ñضƿħֵĽƣǿеϰɽ
˼˵
뷨˵ҲǱŻˮĴ㣬ʵԼˣΨһȡַҲǳһˮ㡣
˵ģñ˵ʮؽʵĳԶԴӳ֣˵ʲôҲһֱôĵȥһѡħϴһȱڣֱǿд֣ɽ¡
ޱȣȻûп֪ʱעɽǿ߾Բ٣һиǿ
Щ˵˼˳ɺͳԶ뷨һǾԲһֱȥġ
һо֮߾ǰһξ룬ϾҪصѾʵˣڸʿԽԽ࣬κεطпӶֱӲݵվ
ƻʱһϢ˼Ժٴ̤֮̽·
ǰɽкü·̣³ҹɫĵɽ£ҲÿԾܵӶǡ
һҹ·峿ʱ֣߳˶ٶ·֮ٴͣ
ɽΧħѾһľ룬ǿԸӿݵĻðɽһЩϡ
һβ㳤УѾͲӶŲȻ޷жǷҲ֪ߵ˵ĴڣǴȷЩӶŵĲϢ
˽ⶼѾɱǳӶһľɳ˾Ӣǿ˰ɽ
ڵõЩ֮ߵǲٵ޷ƿħˣĵǣʱɽľǷΪЩʿǶ޷ĵز
ɱǳеĸӶŵȻûǿߣʮصȴǴڣһȼȵһΣҪ־Щˡ
ɽϹһľɽȻݷƺ֪һС
ܿɫʱ֣˰Ͳסڶˣ
Ŀ꣬ȻǰɽΧħ֣


196 
ԭŴһˮߵˣȷûȶƾͳת
ǰԶħָѾõ˿ɿϣѾ˰Ͳסħ֮еĽƷ˹
һٶҲֻΪ򵥵̽Եģ̽һħֵеʲôĽƴڣΪͻṩϢ
߲ħֻ֣֪˶ħַ̽ԵĹȴ֪һͼҲԣûǲҪǰȥ
ֻħֺߵڵ֮ĳһСɽϵУ׾ķϵĸΧһС
ħΪɽΪΧϣһѾˣҪϰɽ̽еıأͱҪħ֣һ޴̸
ޱȣյȺɽġ
ʱħ⣬ȴǾۼ˲ΪʿӷδϾͿжϳڲͬ
ȻʱѾֵЩȺ壬Բͼıɽصȫ
ʱȻʿۼǵȻвȴ֪ɽϵʲôȻôǿ߽١
Ҳǲס˽໥ۣ²⵱еǱʲôı
Щ˾ħֶһξ룬ԼһҵӣΨʱվħǰԿԪԣڲϵʩչͨħֽ̽ԵĹ
װ죬ȻԲͬʵ
һ˳ƮƮһɷǵģɳǰƽڵĽܡͷܲôɳǣ˶֪˪ܵͷȻʵδﵽĲΣһ¯࣬ɳнееٮٮߣΪĽԺ˪ΪԾ͵˸˪ıš
ʱվ˵м䣬˫ɵĻͬʱϵĸŴħ֮ĸӦ
ֱߵģһλȥʮˣͷЩҰףȴǳֳڲͬĺͭһɫһ֪ר˰һĹͭƤǵǹ֡
˷ȥɱǳǵ˶֪ɱǳӶ֮һĳâӶŵų£רһа޷ź춦Ϥ˶һŽкʯͷ˼Ҳ˵µ˾ʯͷһӲ֡
һҲǲϵĴһĺɫԪ䵽ħֵУ̽еİء
ֱϵģһĵĸˣĵĸ˲ǱˣѪõųħ̫ӵĸõ帾ˡ
˴ʱɫܳƢĳ¶ѵõĳľһ˿˿ħ֮еɴ˿ɼ⼸˶ħֵļɵ
˴ԼСʱȥ˲Լͬͬʱ֣ȻѸٺˡ
˺˵˲䣬ԭһֱƽħ֮кȻһϸ΢ȻȻ̽Ĵһںڶһ˺˵Ĺ켣׷Ϯȥ
Ȼŵ
ںĴֱ˹µһҲ壬һȣ˫ճȭͷ΢΢һݣȭͷವһһźɫâž޴ȭͷͳںڴִȥ
һȭͿӲ˫ȭںڵĴֱӻ飬İҲ֮˻ȥ
ڳֱӵĴ򷨣ܺõ˵ĶԾŶָˡ
ȻɵƮֶûжһ£ƺֻһͣͿԭڽ֮еĳȻһ󺮹һԶЩ˻׷ʲô£ͿںڵĴֱֱӴмضϣҶѵλԵĸһ˪ʱã¸ȣĿ˪ڻĺۼ
õǱߣҲڳºֵܶ˲䣬Ѿ̧֣ӭںڴֻһ㣬һƯõ廨·ƾճһ㣬ƮƮ׼ȷޱȵ䵽ںڵĴ档
˾;ޱȵķ֣ԭ׶ޱȵĴ־ȻӲͣ˰У
˾ԼںڵĴֵзһ޷ֱӾǣõĪ֮󣬾ȻǻȻĵͷ·֪ʲôƵá
ںڴֲٷͿõָڿһ㣬ںڵĴ˲ίȥ·˵Ĵһ㣬Ҳˡ
ͬĴ֣λǿߵķȻͬڳҲˣҪΪģΪʵģҪĻģȻõĪˡںڴַĿ޷ֻõ֪еĺ塣
Ȼתǰʱõ̿ˡ
ħֵУʵҲûʲôֲģ֮ԻݽȥԭǿħѪǱʶĽκħ޷ı죬ӶóղǸҲˣô֪ͣһʲô
Ȼ˵ϣҪ벻ͨ¾ͻ˵ϴһͶ˹ˡ
ȻֻҪţӲȥͿˡ
õ˵ĽͣȺ顣
ȷһ׶ʮֱӵİ취ȻɽܵħѪӰǿôֻҪǸǿ󲻾ˣ
һû˵ꡣ
̴õüͷ˵Ҹղ˵ģֻħֵΣħ֣Ѿһˡ
ʲôһ
Աߵĳ´ʱͲסˣ֪õ˽ͻ˵̲ס׷ʡ
ħ֮У֪˲˱Դ󣡡
Դ󣡡

ԴĸһڳļĸǶɫԴĶ֪ԴĿֲûרŶԿԴķţǿҲҪױ
Ӧ֪ԴĿֲ֮ڲжôǿΪûдﵽʾտռʱôһ뱾ԴΨһĽǱױ𡣶ƽֻҪ㹻ǿ󣬾ͿԳĳȥ
õȻҲ֪Դ֮԰ѱԴĿֲޱ˵˳
˵Ҫ޹ˣ
ѾʼùˣȻ޷Դǻʲô
ǵδء
⵱ڣȴЦ˵ˡ
ʱռôֻҪܹʱͿռ˾ͿɵĴⱾԴˡ
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ѾĿʮͷʽѾͬȫѪܵڶӶʿرͻϵ˺ҧ
Ÿոսħֲãͳ˷ҵΣʵʼϲġ
ʱе˶ϣеΨһǿȫϡ
ѾмʮӶɱʮֻﳹͬȫƺҲ޷ĬȥˣȵҪң߿£
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ʵڳΣʱѾв˿ʼȫ߿ˣʱȫһǾҲûй˼ɣ̶̼ӵʱ䣬ȫΧһĵطѾʿռ
Ҷо񣬲ҪеĹֶζǾ񹥻
Ҳûа˵Ļ˵֮ͿֳָһӿȥЩ죬һȵĶ
ɶ֮ȣ
ʱԭѾž˺þõǸٴ


201 ѣ֮
ɶ֮ʲô
ʱߵ˵Ǿȫ治ԶȻӶȻıȽԶҲܹȫٻһģһȵӡ
ʱһֱĻǸͻȻ߲֪ȫзȵ֡
ɶһʱɳ©ķӦҲǼƷģݴϹʱģ벻á
ؿƺ֪Ĳ٣ʱ˵ɶ֮ȵ
Ҳ֪˵׵ʲôطȻܹͬʱӵķֱ˼顣
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ЩţĹ˵ˮкһ޿ײ룬ҪԼķܹƣħ֮Ѿѱˡ
ҾͲ֪ˣҲֻż˵ɶ֮ȵ֡
ʱԶȫٻɶ֮֮󣬱߶˸ʱɳ©ߣȻ˫趯ԪˮɫķȲ
ȫʩͿɶ֮浴һɫĲƣ֮оȻ˺ʩչƵЧڹɢɫкȻܶ
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ռ֮󣬽ͬҲﰴıܼ佫ռݵ½ϣһϳɹӵзǳǿ
һʮ˽ȫ棬ڿһĻʱ̳һֻһӣһ貵Ԫٷɳڿлһն˳ȥ
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ȫȻûлشȤֻǰͰǰߡ
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ԼĪ߳ʮɭٴγԭѾɢȥٴγȺҪĳǰֺĳɶ֮ȵɶΧڳͻ·Ǻηʿһ
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ѵõĴ󲹣
Ӵϵӿ룬ͯ˷ֱܵС
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ڼŮҲʮзִ磬ʱҲȥߺͯӣֻԱ߰ǰͬʱ۲ΧĶ
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ΧĿռУԭʲôҲĵطʱȴȻֵ·ڵҹгֳ԰׵ɫϸķֱһ£ߺȻЩȻһƻǵա
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ͼռ䣡ߵȻһˣ˽ȥ


202 ͼռ
ʯʽĹκ˶ҺĿ⣬ȫ棬ҲҪ̱ܿâܿĻܹӲҲḶ޴Ĵۣοʱȫ沢һˣдʿӶҪıӻһ͸ˡ
ͯڸоΣ˲䣬ѾΪߵ˶ܵķʽ
ɽͼž޴Ŀռ䣬һǬһ㣬ʱȻܹ򿪵ֻ֮һôһССĿռ䣬һ㹻ߺĻǶĹעһˡ
ͼСǬһĶҲ˽һЩһֱȿռ䷨ΪǿһִڣΪܹƵСǬģڵѾ˳ΪһĳΣȻ˵кܶණƣ̫ĵطǲȱģǵǳΪĳΣѾǳˡ
ʱ߼Ѿȫ뵽ͼͼռ棬ͯӾƮǰվĵطһƬӨӨĳĲݵء
ʶҵĽ࣬ҴȥӴͼĺģԺͿĿͼռҪרˣʵҲֻͼһӡ
ͯһ˵һ߷ֳһϢΪܹߺܺõȷټ⽫һϢ۳һɫ
Ȼᵢֱӽʶֳ̿ͬһʶͯӵϢϣȻͯӵϢѸٵĳͼչ
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Ҳ֪ͼûг׵ѻͼĽûдﵽʱͼռûĴڣֻһЩ򵥵Ρɽ󺣣ããԭʼ֣ԼԻǵϢҲˣ⵱д󲿷ֻȻڻ״̬ޣЩطԽΪûȱڣǵ״̬ǽСǬͿٿռм䣬ڻݻ׶Ρ
Ϣ˲Ϣʶ磬һṦߵһʶ㱻һŻĿռǰĿռȣĿռȻӵأ䣬ȥǺǿգĹ׺УŨŨԻɫʵ
ͼĺģԭʼǿգҲͼһܵĸڣΧŨ̫ԪΧţûκܹƿھͳŽʶȥͼˣӦòִܵ
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ͯӵĻߵʮֵľȣһֱΪͯӾͼͼͯӣһģͯôһ˵ƺʵϲӡ
Ҳͼĺģȷ˵ֻͼһС֣ԭʼǿգҲֻܴеһС֣ȻȻܵ谭ܹģҲֻǺһ㣬ǿܹͼռ䣬ͼеܣǾͱʵﵽһĲܹ֮ˡ
ԭˣҾԡ
˽ЩҲûȥȻЩױͼǸǻǾĿǰһжǺġ
׿ͼ˵һ·УûͼĴڣԶҲ޷ﵽľ硣
ʶһ۳һƣ߳ȥӴǰԭʼǿա
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۵ʶոԭʼǿΧߵԺͶʱһ޴ѪڣʱѪĳ嶯

߲֮óȻ£ʱĽʶзɢɢһȥӴ
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ߵľٶȻͯӵĸ֪棬֪ôҲΪ˱̫Ԫʱ޴ķ
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ȻˣǾͽʶɢռ䣬һȻˡ
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չ˳һθûܵκε谭һߵԺͨʶһոµĿռǰ
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߻ģڶעŵЩȥûоͷͼ档
Щͼһɶ칤Ĺ֮κεطҲνӵļ󣬷·һжǻȻһȻɣĽ
ͼһɫɽԭʼ֣ĮʯɽѩԭȵȣЩʽĵɽ棬Ǹǧٹֵ飬߼ģǳ滢󵽼׸ߴͻǣСȭͷСķ
иֻȴδʵģصצųԶž󣬴ȵȣ֮ʵߴһ۸
ϸ鿴һȦ֮ߵ䵽һȥƺ籡Ļɽ֮ϣȻֻǲ̬棬ۿȥȴԵ޹ʵĸһȵĸо
籡Ļ̻ɽҽ۵Ļ죬һޱ𺳵ĸо
ɽ˵ͻ᲻ǿƵԭ㣿
뵽̲߱סʶֳһ̽ȥӴעĻɽ

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죬𾪵ķ֣ڿռм䣬濪ʼѣһҫޱȵĲɫӵѿķ϶
ײˣȻͨɽ򿪵ģ
һϲ֪ԼǱȽ˵ģûзѶĹ򣬵Ҳɣ̽ʶۣž޴Ĺƹȥ


203 ħ֮
޴Ĳɫҫ۶Ŀֳؾһλã߽ʶٵĸŵ棬ʱʶоͷ·һռƵģһ̣ͼռĸ֪Ѿ
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ңħ֮絽һʲôĵطȻôܣ
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ͯӵ֪Ĳ٣һħ֮Ҫ˵˳
һļ𾪲ѣ˵ȻȫѾµķô֤ħ֮ѾǴ˵ˣħ֮ѾͣͻĽ׶ˡ
쿴ĹĽˡ
ͯӽ͵ṦϮѾȻֹˣͨӰߴʱѾκεڣʱصʬԼЩȻ֮⣬ħַ·Ǿ׶ܰɽһûκεķֱ
Ҳȥɣǽô졣
һͼڣȥص˵ϡ


204 ħ
Ȼ˵ĹǽˣʿӶ˴룬ʱҲòͣԭһˣȫ浹Ҳû˵ʲôֻҪħֵУҪܵԴӰ죬˵Ȼͣˣʱɳ©ĿƣȻš
ǼղŶ㵽ȥˣôû
ʱ˲ע⵽ߵļˣǶĳˣʱжо˼顣
˭֪أڿûЩܴܲɭֶһ£ﻹ˵ġ
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ҲûйֵĿЩʿӶɴһȫ治ԶĵطͬϢȴһ
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ԿϵĵͷԭӴѾС˺üħҲɢȫʧ״̬
һϵӿ壬֪ԼĿǰ޷ȫȥģԽкܴһֵĴ͵ͼд棬̺˲֮ؾѪ֮ȫںϡ
ģ߱о˱仯ͨĿĹڷ΢ı仯Ȼ»˵Ƿôı仯һȷģǾѾͷߵĲ֮ѪֲԼڣֻҪʱںϲ򣬱Ȼܹ츳ͨ
ˣ
ֹСʱһȣ˫ȻһŹâֱӽͷʣµĲдֱץ㵽֣Ȼһ𣬳׷ա
ߣ
һҲֱͣӴ߶ͼռСħһ裬ѾܳԶ
ѾҪ߳ħˣ
͸ͼĿǰҫĵط˵ǵرȻħˣûĻӦþǰɽ·
ţ
ۿǰҪɽʱȴûзɾ裬ͼٶȣʱ㿴ǰԶһѸٷ
һ磬գ֮Ѿ䵽棬ϸһȻһɺޱȵӡ

ӣ߶ʱ뵽ˡ


209 
һӣߵļ൱̣ҶԾžҲǼ¡
񣬺һ˫´󽫣׷湫˫Ϲĩ·ʱսķĪĻҡ
˫λȫ֣֪ɽϽԴ˱Ȼǹ˫ˣû⣬һڸ
ӭӣ֪߱ˣʿûгװħߵ赲ѾˣɽķǶôĿֲ
ͼ󳷣ȻˣôȫͷԼȫûбҪʱͷ
ͼռڣȻ˵̾뿪Ƿ֮أȴܹڲ֮أѾ㹻ıˡ

洫ħߴ̶Ц
ǾһأҲԶ޷߳ɽģ񶼲ҽοЩССϣ
˵䣬͸ͼ߿ħߵӰڿٵɢƺǳױˡ
ɱҵģÿһΣͻøǿ󣬹Ҫ˶Ҿͻٴγ֣ǵޱߵجΣ
ǲ֮ɲ֮ÿһεµ
ͼУͯӽ͵
Ҳʱˣ޹ֺħ߻˲֪ڵͷ֮߱ʵħѪļӳҲ޷սʤǿߣûһ˼
ħ飬ʧһΣӵ»úôģ
ħߵδɢǰԶѾͬʱеʿͿĹӰƿնХŷ·˺˿
ʲô
ӰӣеʿĪոһħ߾Ǽħ߸ոձܣֳµĵˣڶʿǶһֽ뵽ٲĵز
ս֮һž죡
ʱ˿̣ȫ˵˶ԷȻȫŵ˽⻹൱̵ģ֪ŵһЩԵеﶼΪ˽⡣
Ϲĩ·ʱڵţ
˻֪ģϹĩ·ʱµӰ඼
սֻλһ˭
˺ʡ
ս֮ףϹѪħ٣ݳֹټδ˭Ҳ֪
ȫ̾˿ǰħߺҲδڴ½ϳֹʱȴˣѪħٳҲһ㶼ϡġ
СˣʵħҪϰɽͱһء
ȫ˵һ䣬֮ʹһƬƬԪӴȥ
ʱҲˣĸɫСӣÿһ涼ǿҵĹâ
ǵ죬ȻҴɽֱ
ڿмžͿԶһɫӰƮ
˵ʵ˺ܴĽˡ
Ѿȫ۳ʵӰдΪпڶϻºĶѨпӰӻǰ͸״̬ģѾȫ۳ʵ壬ʵֹɼɽϵ˲ٵܡ
һЩ˹ȥˡ
ͯӿſж˵Ѿ̤磬ʵڿٵĻָûкܴʵ࣬ûܹġ
Ҳ֪Ŀֲʵ·һȺʿУҲȫﵽľ磬Ҫ˵޴࣬Ȼûеģܹûеͷ߸ħߣȴϲܴ
ʱҪ䣬Űɽıأǿ޷Ⱦָˡ
ʱҲòϣҪõɽϵıأȷ̫ˣһħѾȺʿɱɾֶһӲĻȫ߿ȫûпܡ
µû뿪˫սôʮа˾žɽϣڵĻҲҪһġ
ʱ˵û룬ǼٵģȻŮӣѾ޷λãĺǣҪҵġ
ԶɽµĹâߵǣȫҲ·ǿʤ⣬ȳ˳ȥӭ

ȫ棬ɫ˿κһʿ
һϹ
ȫͬ򶨷ǳڷɳ˲âţһ޴ĽӽԲ׵ָ
֣
޴֣ͫȻһ³
һϵжٴħ֮ıȻǿֶ֮Уֱ̫ˡ
ʱͼеͯҲ̲ס
ֺ𣿡
Īʡ
ֿǿ֮һǿ֮ùģ˵ܹħսгķһˣ
ͯӶħսԼħ֮絹˽ⲻ٣֪ħսһʲô㼶ս
㻹ĶˣʡȥҲٹ򡣡
ȫٻ֣񲻽ûо⣬ʮֿӣȻħһʮ֪ħ֮ܵġ
ȫƺҲ֪ÿһٶСĽٻ̴֮߶ԪΧ۳һķϣŽ̤գ߶ǰ
֮䣬޴һ㳯ȥ
ռ·˲Ͱȥһ˿âˡ
Զһ㣬𱻲ˡ
ڶʿҲ֪µսѾ岻ˣֻԶԶıܹ֮ܿ֡
Ҳͼռһξ룬ԶԶĹ۲ȫս
ȻֿտգÿһεĻ֮ӷɳ뵽ӭֵУ֮оͻҵıը
Ҳ֪˵սҪá
йţʱƿ۲ΧĶ
ţ
һ̾ͿһӰǰһһ
ӰӺ


210 Ŷ
ԭߺһڹעȫ֮Ĵսָ߾սٶܹ˴һġ
߲תһ֮ȴķһӰԶһ
һ㶣Ӱһʶĸо
ԭ
Ƭ֮߶ʱȻļܺãݵһ£̾뵽˭
ǸһˣǰħǸԳҶڵˣ
־յĺᴩħֵĹ˶һֱûг֣ȴƫƫʱ֣Ѿ֪֮ħǰɽ
ôħֵģ
кȻðôһ˵һֱڶʿеĻô߲ܲע⵽ˡ
ʿȺûпǾ˵ͨһħ֡
˲򵥡
ǰҶһֻǲ׽һ߱ӰȷǣɽȥˣһѾʼŰɽɽ
ȻĻҲðһͷȻǸԳҶڵ˶ҹһǰɽϣԼͼռӻȫûҪɵˡֻҪûעƹֱϰɽ
ǲ￴ˣƹȥ
һ¼飬йעȫսͬʱͼռ仯ΪһƬɣִƬƬâʱϢĴһ˹ȥ
Ҫ׵Ķࡣ
ۿɷǳľƹעеǼҡ
ƹ˵սǰһ¶ξ룬߾ͷռùȻѾħ֣˿գ󣬸һֻĸо
ݱأһԵյء
ǰѾѰҶڵӰӣ¼ȻƹȻҪɽһġ
ʱ͸ͼԿǰİɽɽȮʯֲżɽѨֲ￴ȥޱȹɲ
Ϊɽ壬ɽҲȷʵһеơ
ͼǰȻûãǰİɽһƴ̶һ𣺡˴㶼Ȼ֪ɵ𣿡
ǳ·ǳ꺮֮һ˸оһ˿һʻϢ
߶ʱһ𣬹Ȼ
ϤˣȻǰ࣬ûмһ˿һ棬ȴģ԰ɽд
Ȼ
˽ȥֱ
ԭھսµȫѾΪջˣʱڰɽϺʱӷŭһ˦ֱƲȫ治ܣŰɽϷȥ졣
һ꣬ÿһأᷢǿҵıըһʱ֮ЩҪϵʿǿ಻ԡ
ܹߵģ϶Ϊ൱ߵʿȻըвɥǱֲըı˵Ļеġ
ѾߵȫˣӰһ㻮ʣܿɵ˰ɽɽǰϿա
յͿһɫӰӴӰɽɽϷ£һɽ֮ݺԾ硣

͵͵Ļ˽ŭ׷ӰӾ͸ȥ
Ǽ֮ȻԼٶ޷Ŀ꣡
ŹϢ׷ˣѾʱֽ̣ڰɽǰǡ
˵䣬ɽƮһѪɫӰӣ췢ѪƮƮ
ұɱ˴ˣ
Ȼڱ͵͵оܶ·ܵĪĳ裬ҪɱĿ졣
£
һȣԭҪȥֹסˡ
ٻŶ
ͬʱֱһɢźںɫԵѪħȻǰ
ã
ǲսģȻʮĬһ˵ҪٻŶȻ֪ʲôԺɵİ˼·
Զû赲ʿȫĴڵִɽɽǰ
ȫ̧ͷ鲢գüͷʱ˼֡
ս֮ףѪħ٣ˣ
ҲڶʿĹ򣬾Χ˷˾춯صľ޴죬޾ĺ̴˷ĵڣڿֻۣգ۵Ĺ򣬾Ϳһɫ޴ǳĺ֮չֳ
ʲô
Ŷ
񵱿һȣ޴ǳغȻأ̳
ȥֻǳкħƷڣֻǼ򵥵Ŀϼ۾ľ
ˡ
ֻھȵʱ򣬿ѾӶ˫ʮָӹǰҡ
ͨ
ȫʶ㣬˵ľٶ̲µһ㣬ԭһѾѶԸˣʱּһѪħ٣һ˵ͨ󽫻λһ
ҿɢ߳ǳصķΧ
ȫʱҲҶˣǿߵͨҲֵ˵ģʱѱʿҲֻรˡ
ۿȫ涼Щҵζеʿ׷ûƵı
ŴǳΧ൱ģҪ˲ȻЩܡ
ʿոնѾͿһںڵĹ֮ӾŴǳصмǱڹˣʱʬѪȿֲ
ŶȻܣǶԸЩϣǴ´ġ
գûӵڶʿԭɫǺһЩ
ȷǿҺûһȥ
ЩæݿһĳҲһļ£ɱͼռ䶼޷ֿˡ
ţǱôɽ
⵱ڣͼĪȴǾȵ˵
תߣ߶ʱĿɿڴ
Զɽɽϣһ޴ӰӣѸٵɽ
𾪵ǣı϶һԾ޴ĺڽɫÿһڽɫĳͻȶһ£Ǹϴܳôһξ롣

ӰӣһֱĬԴȻ


211 ˫
ĳˣ
ԴĻҲ𾪲ѣԴɳǵķȻһ˵֪ıȽ϶࣬ʱɽڷɵӰӣʱϳˡ

⾿ôһ£
һʱ벻ˣԭΪһ˵ֻһնˣûĴڣǰԳˣȴȻ֣ľͳˣ¼̱Щ
ôųϢˣ׻˭أ
ԭӰɽصѪӶţƺѾ׵˵ߣڽǿе£ûΪǿʿţɽӽˡ
˵ɽ֪Ѿȫʧȥ˽ɽصĻᡣ
ȻųϢˣѪˡ
ԶеҲʱע⵽ǸٷڵӰʱŭ
Ҫɱ
ʱųǱ߳ȥͨ˲άˡ
ǰ˵һͨŶɱʵȫߵʿһԭٵʿ˲֮һʬѪȣʱһҡ
ʱΪ赲Ҷڵϰɽòֹͨʩչһ˶ԶԿڶʿ
ʱڶʿѾ˾֮һ㣬޲õиȥֱӶߣҲʲôɽص顣
Ҳ֪ȻҪͷѾȫˣҲ˵ħһأԶȥ
ǰɽϵıԴħбԴ֮߹ȥĿܡ
ȻˣǾͳͳɣ
ȥ׷ҶڣҲᣬʱѪħ٣գȫ˺˵
ϹѪħ٣Ȼ磡
ȫվڶʿǰ飬һһ˵ͬʱݻǳ
ߣҪΪ㵽ħ֮磬õ˼ϹűΪ޵ˣܺ˸ƽ֣Ҿɱ㣡
ɭȻɱ죬˵˫ʮָչʮѪɫԪ֮Ѹָۣ֮ҫ۵ĺâ̴ʡ
Ѫɫĳ裬Ĵ۵Ԫ֮ѸΧ֯һܲ͸ѪĻĻ֮кȻ˸ɺĻ⡣
ȪѪѪ죡
³ͼ˫չһſűɫĻ⻷ƵѪɳ
һҲϵãǵԸʱǿѪͨȪѪףֲˣʵʩչ̶ֲȻȲϺ˵ͨŶɱһʿ˵ֿˣҲǼѷǳ
ݻ֮ϣ
ڴͬʱȫҲûԴУѪ֪ʩչǿֱͨӽִ߶ǰͬʱӭǣƬ֮ѾǴ˷Բǧףֱӽеʿ˺档
޾ǿ֮ķ̺˲ܣʱȫʩչֵĻȪѪףǿҲδ֪֮
ͬʱԶɽɽϣѾʹ߷ѪҶսһ
ԭҶ޷Ӳģڴ߶Ѫ֮˾;߱ԶĲƾЩҶںȻܹսƽ֣һʱ֮侹Ȼ·硣
ߵսڶʱ뵽˽״̬ȫ棬ҶڶʿͳͳûвֵأֻܽСĵվһߣ±˫Ĵս
˫ŵʱ䲢δãһṦ߾ͷֲԶİɽɽ䣬һĺɫħɽڲ
Ѷǹ˫ˣ
һ㶣ʱ²⡣
ǽɽ񴳵ɽ£мѾ൱һʱ䣬⵱в֪жʿ뵽˱ԴУΪ˫ṩ˻ⶼǼӿ칫˫ѵҪء˫Ϲĩ·ʱھѾħ⣬ʱһѣ½һֿܹ
ǿħ
󹤷߾͸оǿħӰɽɽӿʱѾǿ϶ˣ˫ˣ
Сţ飬ǶסְɣҴ
ɽɽϣһȻδˣֻǴжϣͿ֪˾Ƿ֮
һߺȫԿ黹ǱߺҶڶԿ񣬶ڵһʱջͨϰɽ
λȻԵҰɽôɽһۡ
ٴ𣬽žͿɽһɫѸ£ɽһֱ쵽ɽµĵϡ
ǾͿ԰ȫҰɽϣɣ˫ɽϵȺλݡ
Ȼǹ˫
ȫ浹ûжǣֱǰ̤ϹŹ˰ɽ
ڶʿһҲĸȫ棬˹
˫ӵ׸ʲô
һĻЩˣǰɱһģôһ־ͱôأ
ȥǣͼռ䲻ܽƣʱߡ
ͯʱߣԭħܵƣͼ޷죬Ѿħ֣ͼȫڷɡ
߲ͼңңĸȥ


212 ɽ
ԭΪ˫ѱȻһӲҵĴս˭Ҳû뵽Ȼֹ˫սǴͨɽɽͨһʿɵϰɽ
ʱȻҲڶʿһɽߣܾ⵱ʲôĵط޷͸
ĳˣƺѾ˵һʼƲǴģôǸһֱ߼Ļ˾ͱøû취׽ˣҪǽеϢһĻ߻ᷢԼ˼·жѾ©ٳ޷γһ׿˵ͨ˵
ʱûʱЩҵͷΧãɽѸ³һṦǰһʿȫĴͷѾ˹˾޴İɽɽ
Ҳͼͣһ
޷жɽϵ׻ʲôԤ֪״˵ͼûջأֱӾͶͼ档
͸ͼԿɽɽ
ò˵Ϊɽ壬ɽȴųԽɽƣɽ֮ϣſƽԭһľ޴ռ䣬滹вٲľܹôߵɽĹľȻҲֲͨͨˡ
ֲ֮⣬߻ɽϵþʯĹͼ˵һ˹Ϊ֮ģ;ԼΪ˰˫챾ԴСۡ
ɽֳһɲĹŵϢŨֻ֮䣬Լɼһ޴󹬵ӳУںڵĸв
ѵ˵˫ӵĹ
ͼеߣеЩȣû뵽˸ߵİɽɽϾȻûôģĽһΪǿ߶ͨȡˣҪȻƶ˵ɽϽ˹ģһҲ׵顣
͸ͼ߾ͿȫѾ޴ĺɫ߹ȥˣҲͼں档
Ṧȫ޴ĺɫǰ棬ͼ⹬ų⾲ĵţſһһͷι״ڵޣ˸޷ϳ޵ں֣Ϊȫ棬Ҳδޣвǵ
ʱͼеҲֵֻޣûȫḻȻϲͳͯӵֻ࣬ŵޣʶô
ͯӿ˿Ȼ˼һ£˵Ӧһֱ֣ûǴĻӦħһֽ֣ǧ棬ųɣһֿκζĿֲ֡
ǧ棿
һֵǺ֣һľ޴֫ͷɵĹޣΪƫƫһӵĳƺ
ٿǧ棬׳׸ߣԴ޴¶ͷֻͫȻСᣬȥѪֲ
ʱЩԿǧֲòʱһ£ȫվס˽Ų
ȫ浹ҲЩˣ֪ǧҲ޷жֻʵ˴Ȼ˵˫ӷɽǵȻҪΪڰɽϵرȻҪ֣ʱⲻҪֻｻ棬ȴϲ⵽ʲôֶΣʵЩ̤ʵ
Ҳʱ򣬴кȻ˾޴죬һ۵ĹâӴ֮ҫ档ҿԿһӰӱĳģӴ˳
û߼Ӱ߾һһҵĶ
˲ǰһֱߵſʱȫԼڶʿſ˵УȻǰɽѪħ٣мˣһȥֻжʮ괽ݰ׳࿡ĵĵزӡ
ɫۣ˳Ⱦźɫħƣһͷİ׷ɢ룬һ˫ü䣬˫Ȼޱ䡣
ȫȻʾˣⳤ꣬һǹ˫ˣҲ֪ΰڳ˱ԴһȷǣһôĻ֮أᷢδ֪Ķ
Ҳʱ򣬴ٴ˽Ų˶Ϊ֮һѵ滹ˣ
˶֪˫սħߣѪħ٣ħħѾնɱԿʱҲԲ˵Ŀ죬ô˵˭أ
˶ɴ۾Ҫ߳˵˭
ûеȶãͿһ˻˳ȴһʧΪȻˣȴ޷֪˭
Ϊʱֵˣϴһߣ˽ֻ۾¶⣬λȫڸǣȫ޷ֱ档
ҸΪעĿǣ˫ϴһ˫ʰ쵵Ľף˵Ĺ졣
Ǻǣˣ˻ǲడ
һ߳̿ڣȥЩ˻ƣҲ֪ǹıôģ޷
ʱͼռͯӺȻ˵Ϣ
һ㶣ô᲻ǵأ
ͯҡͷǸʱһڳ˯
漴ˣ˼ʱɽ֮ǰˡ
ǺǺǣӻ⣿Щ׼֮õκҪˡ
Իʱ򣬰˺ȻЦ˵
˫˵Цͨ׼ķʽҪǲ٣ҪͨʽõԼҪģһء
ߵԴ٩ζڳʿ׼ʲô


213 ؼ̳
˫ЦЦҲ飬ǳڶʿһ飬Ȼ󿪿ڵصģ֪ŵʷ
ڳʿеͷģҲҡͷģȫһֱڳ˼״̬ƺʲô
ţҼȻ֪ŵʷȴ֪ŵжû֮ǰжôĻԻ͡
ʮǰڳ֮ʱͷгһձȻȻһͳħȻ
˫˵ȴͻȻͣ
Ȼ˵ڳв֪ŵһЩģȴ֪˫ǰʲô˵ŵôġ
ʱ˫Ļöʿھ֮൹Ҳеˣ֪˫һͷʲôƫƫʱ˫ȴͣڲ˵ˡ
ͼ֮С
֪֪࣬˫Ӻŵ
ǲô˽ź͹˫ģô˵Ҳһ˲Ĵ£Ǿͯӡ
˭֪ͯȴһĲмҲһСආСɫȻǲ֪ˡ
ãҲˣڹ˫ţͯһ㶼֪
͸ͼֽתƵ档
һƬȻվǰ˫ٴοˡ
ҵĵͷҪɱЩڼɣ˺ǳ
˻һɽһƬȻ
˶û뵽˫ӶʿȻǿԹȻʿĪˡ
ˣҷɽͻһ·Ļᡣ
˫˵Ƶᣬ·ʱ˿ǰɽһ˵ȫ
Χʿʱʼ۷׷
ֱʱһֱĬȫڿˡ
㵽˭
벻ǣȫ濪ڲǶŹ˫ǽĿͶվڹ˫Ǹߵˡ
ң
ȫʣߵǲЦһԼһʰ쵵Ľס
㲻֪˭ʱֻҪһˣǾ֪뷨Ҳ֪㶼Щʲô֪Ҫʲô
⻰һڣʱ
ڳʿɽֵģ֪˵Ļʲô˼
ȫʲô
ɽѵĿĺ˲һѵ˵ܣ
һʱ֮ڶʿȫʱ򣬶׷¶˻ɵĿ⡣
ȫʱȻˮ·˵Ļ֪Ƶġ
Ǻǣ֪ʲô
ȴǲش𣬽Ŀת˫ʵ˫ӣ֮еļ̳ǲҲÿˡ
̳
˫΢΢һЦ̳ϾҪˣҪǣʱ䲢ֻһʱĹֻһʱ֮׼ãܹõҪģʱ䣬Ǿֻܵȵһˡ
ǺǣҶЩȲˡ
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216 
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ǱߵĶߵע⣬֪ߵ𶯽Ǿˡ
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һɸڿշ׷׷еʱ·İɽٴ춯صľ죬žͿ޴İɽɽ׷ױ飬޴ɽ鿪ʼһƬƬĻ䣬ɽȻǱ֮ʼѸٵıȻͣɽϵĲʿ׷׼𷨱Ļ߳һģԵѵķ϶֮Уһʱ֮䣬ɽ˵һ㡣


3 ݺһ


219 ŷǬɽ
𣬰ɽ
ɽһսһȻûսд¶ͷǣΪӮңðչ˺óʱ䣬вΪ۷׷ףǸնǵǺɾǺηʥ
Ʒ֮䣬ʿĵطصСɾ飬ĴԶ֮صĸ䣬ݴССĳǳء
һ￪ģһ˲òעľǣķɱǳǣɱǳǿɵӶһǣɵӶİɽս֮㳹߽ˣһɱǳǿȫҲϢԭɱǳеĸӶŷ׷׽ɢӶ뵽ΧУΪͬʵЧ
ǿߣǸΪصһ㣬һѾΪߴ֮ۡأΪ˶ãݵʢ߸֮Ҫٰ죬ʱѡ꿡μ߸ԣȡƿٲȨ
ڶɵӶӿݣЩߴ󸮻ӭĶЩῡǣЩῡǣҲͬҪһչܹ߸ִ֮ܵ˵ʶôͿһɳˡ
ɵӶŷḻսԼ˵侲жϣܵӭɣۡһЩ꿡㣬ΪȱģٵʵսľȶԣһЩɵӶʱ߸ϣȻʤһ
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ŷһȱΪµһǣľóսţȻ˵ڸΪʵ㲻ǶģսţأûжܹԽŷĲʦġ
ھŷϷĵطһɽΪǬɽɽִд䣬ɽޱأԭմɽɽ޹࣬ҾŷԶ𲻵ãҲͽˡ
Ǭɽϣȴµˡ
ǬɽѾ򵥵ĸһʱɽϱٳ˷Բһ޴ռ䣬ڶĹ޴Ŀյʩ죬һݵĳѾֶߡ
ʱɽǰһͻԼʮɳľʯϣվżˣٷҰ
߸磬ҽôЩħͷ׷ɱߵİ
˵УһǴӰɽһս֮жߵ˵صߡ
ʱҡӲ׷ʵһ˾СŮī
С㶼˺üˣҶˣ罫ǴܣȻ¡
εĿЦţīͷ˵
˵⻰īȴӣ˵˵ѻɲǺúӣүү˵򲻹ǵġ

һתվīλԼĪʮһ۴ߡ
Ҳ֪ܹܣ׾š
߿׾źǺһЦӵСźܴ˲٣ʵ˵ܹ˫Ϊ׵ǼǿǿߣҾе㲻ˣǺǡ
߳һ£Եɣʵ˵ϲҪ⡣
׾ŹһЦȻҲֻ˵в㾡ɲ˵ǸѾ˵ˣīĶˣȻ㲻ԸסھŷѡҪʲôֱӿڱǡ
Ǿϴлˡ
߹ʩȻīЦСǸĴ粻ѣһΰһص˳־˸磬Щ˴ˣŵߵġ
⻹ࡣ
СīһߵıӣȻЦǺǵ˵
Ƭ֮׾ŴīĵطȥˣȴȻңԶʣ˫ü
մɽΣ֮ʱݣ½մʱѾһĨ˵ɽ֮ˡ
߻Ǵžֺͽ
ʲôҪ֪𣿡
Ҳ뿴
仰Ժ֮߾ͿΧ˲䱻Ѫ
ž˫ŭ
ʲôʱʩչͨô죡
Բһʱļ͡
ߣȴ˽ᣬٺˣ

Ի罽ˮ
ǸʱǶȻ˿ģѪΣƴȼĴֱʩչѪӰ˲߰һֱǰûñײ˾ŷΧڼ䣬Ҳڲͼռ佫װ˽ȥȻЩǿܱһֱҪϰٱ
ڵ֪˶ԷǾľʱ߱ó˾ľƣһ߲֮ûھŷѡ˾ŷǬɽ
˴Ҳ¶ģｫĸҪ˶ҪʱһҪ˫ж


220 ʥ
Ǭɽ֮ϣ⵱ҲǺԼĴģҲ֪Լĸھŷ˽ĵطҪþĸԼ¼ɣ⵱Ҫܴµģ˵֮ǰѾ˺ܶ࣬Һ;ĸ̸
ߵ˼ԣͼıȡκδݵ棬һЩҩֲأᡣ
Ȼֻߵ˼ھĸīīŲž޴֪ˡ
ī˵һ㣬̸֮ƺīǣһЩҪ˵һ㵹ǿһ൱ĳ롣
֮ܶīӦߵ˼һҪǾڽ߸֮УҪīңȡõٲõƿȨ
˵ʵڵģȻһóսţȱһһս˲ţҲ޹ֺīҪ
£ȻԷûҪٲõƿȨôȻǴӦˣҲԼһҪ󣬾ҪǬɽϲһֿܹסǿߵķ
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ҲѹīṩЩϾܹҲôˣһӦʣҲ޷ǳԷ£ǾͼöٶЩۺľŷ˵ţһë㲻ϡ
ȻȻīˣȻҲܡ
һǬɽϵĽɵĽţǽ˶еһ˵Լ뷨
ǿ˿һԵ˽˵˽ɱǳǵӶŵûˣǬɽҪԽǰɽҵ˼Ǿ¸гһҲиĵط
˵Ȼ뷨ģ˽Ī붼ˣҲ֪ԶΪʲôԼҪŻؼҪ˵˼
Դԭһ˵ˣʲô飬Сߺ͵ؿӦöûʲôġ
ߵĻ˽˼Ƭ̣˵ֻҪ㽫ܹΪһ£ҾʹӦ˵һԵĪ롣
Īͷ˵˼һµġ
ãҴӦˡ
Ҳʲô飬ֱӴӦˣ׵ĺܣ޷ǾΪ˵Ըֻ˵ԸǷҪﵽʵ̸ףĪ˽󲻿ɻȱսһһгһսʵߵȥսһһ䡣
˵˼˶û飬һǸһʲôͷ
һᵽţ˶ûԾˡ
ϾЩˣ˴յһߴߴ˴죬ڵóһ
Ψ߲ô⡣
ֽʥء
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ǰǣҲ͸ɴˣ˵ʥصҲ
֮󣬼˾ɽתһȦ;ЩСˣ䲻ʥصͷǾֱɽıأٴ¿١
˶ֵͨĸ̶֣̼칦ǬɽֱȥһȦԭĻϣֽ״Ķһ̨ף̨Ҳʱȥط࣬ԳƵһС͵Ĺˡ
ҲǬɽһĸߴҪȻҲڡ
ĽȻʩǵʥû˵󲿷ֻֽǼ򵥵˹滮Ͳ֣ڼ˵סĽ衣
ڸоƺͷΧ֮󣬼˶ִ˲ƣĴͨһЩԶȡΧ
̶̰£ǬɽѾ췭ظ
һֻ컨أïֲգиȸУм˼ɾζ
µĸϹ޽ɽϵĽҲϣǵϽǵ½һӦȫҰߵ˼ǲôҪĵطҲϡ
һЩչȥͿīҵĲˡ
ϣ˼Щˣ¼ʹĳ˷˾ƣϢʱ߶˵īҵ󷨴ʦͻǲ÷ҪС⣬Īڵжֽš
˽Ȼ˼ͷȥϢȥˡ
һҹ޻ڶʱ֣߾Ϳŷķһηңңⷨɽ߱㿴վʮλ겻ȵī󷨸֣ΪһīҼī
ˣ
һкǰӭ̨Ϲ


221 Żþ
ϵֻǼղ˵ľǬɽ
δЦȵ
ȿ˵ģȻīҼīˣֲֻݷת֮˿ӭ̨档
һӣ𷨱ͬʱλ󷨴ʦѾȵ䵽˵ϡ
ӭˡ
ߵǿǳϾҪ˼Ұ£òܣЩϼһ˵ڲһЩֽţʱ鷳ˡ
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īɫϲʧƣȥҲһþࡣ
˫һ֮һʹԱߵϲˮ
߱㿪ʵ֪͸СܵǸεģ
һ󷨣ī̿Цϵܣ˵īұĲҿڣΨһ󷨣ǾǵǷ켫ģҾϵһŻþϴ󣬱۷ǰҲܹȻ
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ˣһīǿ亣ڵģķīҲó󷨷棬ò˵īһǶһԼġ
˵꣬īԱߵһһʾ⣬Ⱛ߱վǰһͼ̿ϡ
īΪ󷨴ʦһʦھ򵥽һŻþ
ԱīȲ裬һʦͶžͼ߽⡣
Żþһ󷨣⵱һС˻󡢰ŷͻӰνܹŷһ𣬼ػþһ壬覡
һʦͼָ˼£Ҳ֪ûпͽͼ
ȴú֮һὫдԼƷ㣬ʱͿԲ߶ת
ǾһʦԼλˡ
߿ƶǶʮӣľҲˣҲǴīŪģȲ˵պԼоһ󷨣ҲܿһЩ
ʮλ󷨴ʦˣڲʱϳīͲδʥأݵ֮ͣͻȥˡ
ڽУֻǿЩ󷨴ʦǲϵǬɽ´æµʱʱ˴ӾŷĲϺߡ
ߵļ˵Ҳʮģīҵ󷨴ʦÿúһǰȥܲܿöҪġ
ʮܿȥ˴ֹɵӣһʦ󷨴ʦ߲ϣһöɫ͵
⵱ǿϸķ·ԼҪעһЩ󷨲ɣҲ͸ˡ
һʦǸ¸ɾˣһн֮ʹ뿪ˡ
ôܲܿ
һʦ߽˶йѯʡ
ⶼʲôͿ
²۵ľԴԴҲһͷβûͣ£Ƕһ㶼ʲô
Ǻǣ⵹Ĵˣ㿴Ҳ
Ҳʵ˵ҲûȻ
ߵһ֣˵ȻҶǾһɡ
˵Ծԣ˵߲ݰݴõؿŴȵǬɽȻȵߴ򿪴ɽ
߹ŵؿʹ׶ɽ򿪴
ʱͿǬɽΧŨİУпǰʮ׶ΡһڴһˮԱߣȻĿؿʹǬɽȻߣȴɽĵ·
ȻǰĵؿʹףѾ˻þС
ˮһ㣬̱仯ͿؿʹΧþѾǴһˣԿߵɽȥ·
һһãã
иˣϵΨһܹҲС˻İŷͻӰνҪṩ㹻ܹתеİŷŰ˸ۣһһ꣬㣬Իɱ
󷨲ɾѾ˷ΪṩתͬʱҲΪ󷨴
ȥɡ
֤һ£߻ǱȽģ߳þٵķԴȥѵؿʹ״
С˻Ҳһֱţͼ
󹦷򣬵ؿʹҲ֪ƽþٵķصɽ϶𾪲ѣ벻ɽĲһɽ¾ͻôǿĻþ֡
ˣѳɣǶǱȥɣҽо͸ˣҶкô
ôһ󱦱վǸҪܿĽȻĻһ׷ϵ֪䣬Ȼưոݵġ
Ůɢȥʱ߾󷽵һС
յ˼Ҫһ͵¿ռʱΪչĺó
ңպڣߴ߶ͼһӣ׵ǱȻ䵽棬ӨɢĹԣҫͬ硣


222 ԿԴ־
һǿ˵߼ðΣմһȺǿжģúõĻЩԲһѪ
һ£߱㿪ʼо
ž޴תȦȴķ֣Ȼһʱ֮޷֡
ʵ̫ˣ𾪣Ҫʵһ׵顣
ϸһᣬ߱㽫ͯӻ˳
࣬˵˵ôòá
ûкˣҪͯܲ뵽ܺõİ취
롣
ͯӶŵϾ޴ǣʳָ촽С۾һգգģСüëһأڿ˼˼ˡ
һṦ򣬾ͯӵҪ˵һӽʵǲܵģϾص̫ǿˣοҪķɡ
ҵ˼֮бȻһ侫ڣֻҪеľգµǣɽȥԽãͬʱֲԼкܴô
ͯӵʮߵ˼֪ǬɽŻɲǼ򵥵Ϊ˱ܿǼλǿ׷ɱô򵥣ҰĿǴĺܡ
ȻźܴҰģôֲԼǱزٵģʥеļλŮԳΪֻ߽Ҫ֪߾кôκ˶ܾġ
Ǿôˡ
ͯô˵ߵʮָɴĴӦͯӵĻ˵
ô̴߶ʶӵ棬Ȼڰɽ϶Ԫ߶ͼռȡǵʱδܵ޴ķɣ߻ʮСĵĽϸ΢һʶȸŵ档
ˣһʶӴǵʱ򣬻̸ܵӺﴫһǿܵĶߵһʶпܡ
һ𣬲ɵľ̾ͷ֪˶꣬ڰɽϣö֮Ȼѹɽ˵ڣɴ˿֪ͷǰǶôǿ
𣬰ɽ̱ѹ˵ߣѹ˶ʱ״ݻɽ塣
Ҳǰɽԭˡ
Ȼʱ߲ЩʶȥܵıܿܣߵҲ̫ģϾѾ£вĿ֮ҲֻдıܷӦѣֻҪõȫпշġ
뵽ˣ߱㿪ʼŽʶȥͬʱĬĬ𹦵ķţںƿ鷨Ԫͬʶ𽥵ȥ
շôӴһ쳣ļѵģѾɢǱԴ֮ȻϢı־˵ɢǴʱ𹦣Чġ
ӴҪȻҪʱ䡣
һ׼ҲļֻǰͰһУÿÿʮǿĿܣʶԪȻٴν
˷һֱһһҹ۵Ļʱ򣬲ǿʶƽһҡ
ͣ²˼򵥵Ϣ״̬һõĳ̶ȣȻ
һһҹȥ⵱ߵоյƽĹзͯ˵ľڣҲǵĺģ߽֮Ϊ֮ġ
ߵʶǵ֮ĵʱ򣬶ʱܵĿ̼֮Ӵ˺üһ˲䣬ߵʶ߻ħ
ҲߵĻʵ죬ʶһ˾ʿҪǿ࣬Բܹܵܵ˲佫ʶջأǻһٲʶӴĿ֮ˡ
˼СʱĻָٶȽ
߲ݵҹȥ֪˶ӣһĶǵսڽӽβ޴Ǵͷβȫߵʶںϵ𹦷ŵԪϴһ飬еԴѾǳ׳Ϊĺ־塣

̧ͷ죬ĳһվչһ½ǣҴ˳ȥ
յʱ֣˺һ߲ӦǿҵߣתͷȻֵؿӲ֪ʲôʱѾǰ
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ҿһֱأղſ򿪴ųҾ͹
ؿЦ̿ߣüͷ˵ô˳һɾǰ£Ҷء
˹߶ʱãЦǺǵ˵ǰһнչ˳˶ӣǾͶо޴ˡ
ţǾͶлˡ
ؿƤЦЦ˻ǲǵǰЩҸ˵Ĺ飬ҿѾﵽ˾ԲҪ˶þҪͻƣûйĹأ
⡭
ؿ˵⣬ߵЩ˼ˣЩһֱæźǶԿûʱǹ飬Ҫǵؿ˵ĸˡ
⼸컹ûʱ⡣
ؿһüˣʿΪҪһ飬ɣǵҷһţ㲻ȥߣ£Ĺ峹ˣʱǣȻиջ񡣡


223 ;

˵ʵ߻ǵһܵ˵ָ˵οʲôڱڵʱҲָʲôһ·ȫǿԼģͻȻϵָУѰҽݾЩӦˡ
ˣ˵ĶģϾһ·ģջɶٻ֪Щģʿ໹壬һ鶨ͣҲͻǾδķչ˵ʮҪ
ţҲǻ˵Ļʵڿǡ
˵һ룬߿ǰòʮֲϵŮӣ˵Ϊʲô뿪Ͼֻһ˵ء
⻰˵Ҳ٣Ȼ˵ؿ˵ҪЧңҲһҪؿ׵Ŀƣȴǲ֮ˡڽɽɽһ·ղϣеؿ¥İ¶ȹ٣Ϊޣ˵ȫԺ谭뿪ȫ޷סģƫƫû뿪
ͻȻ⣬ؿЦˣЦ쳣ġ
ЦſţߵЩձЩ졣
Ƭ֮󣬵ؿͻȻգգ۾Ľյǰ˵˵Ѿϲ㣬Ҳû취뿪㣬𣿡
յ⽿߿ŵؿϾȻԾĸֳ̺죬֪˵Ļмˡ
ҵȻš
Ŷ
ؿЩ棬û뵽߻˵̹ʡ
ǰϲܱõĶ
Ҳ˳ûٵľ飬һӾʱ϶оôɱˡοУȻռźܴλãʵ΢鶼޷
ߣȥһط
ؿȻصЦЦ߳Ŵһȥ
ͷԣҲ͸Źȥ
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ִд䣬죬ľ飬ȥһĿĸо
⵹Ǻõط
Ҳ̲ס̾ǰǬɽʱƬֿǻ˲ٹ򣬴ӼǧģƬ֮УͨطӵصĵȪˮƬӳֵо۳һ̶

ؿѾɿ̤ͨС·һͷƵƵ֡
һﵽʲô
ؿصӣߵһͷˮѵС·˹ȥ
󹦷ǰ̶ˮ

ƹ֣ǰȻʣһƬɾһģӳµı̶չֶ
ﵱǾԵĺõط
Щ۾ſеϢ
ţȵȡ
ߺȻоЩԣ۾Ϳǰı̶֮кȻӰƵ

ֻǿôһۣ߾ˡ
ԭʱλŮ̶֮ԡϷ
۷Ц˿١
ţҪҪһ
Ĺ򣬾ǰ̶֮˵ؿöЦ
ѾͷȻ
ûֹһ䣬Ȼתߵͷȴһڶ𣬴һյļ
аãԼɲˣЩŮƽһҲνƫƫڴ޵ĺʱڣֻҪ΢Щѳֲס¾Ҫʱˡ
ѽô˰Ҳ˵£㿴ˣ
ʱ̶֮СԴɬ
ͣǱСߵĻû˵꣬Ա߽ӽ̶֮Уֻ¶ԴѾ̲סЦ˳ͬʱץСߵء
ѽɫǣ
С߶ʱ̶֮ҽжԴСħצʱһƬ۵Ĵ⣬ϸС޳ȣν鰼͹£֮߳׵Ŀˡ
˵ʵڵģ̶̶ˮ峺˼£ȻӽˮУ̶ˮȴǵס֮µĴޡ
ôҵģ
Ա˽ûʲô̶֪ˮҲסֻǽƮˮУͦԲĽˮ³ֳ˵̬

ջûһָԱֻһɴĵؿ
Ȼ˵ЩŮ绨һò䣬˵ȴŮ֮ûжļɻ䣬˽ĪˣԴûȤǲ⣬С߲ͨʣҲֻ΢߰ˡ
ڵؿڽ޻Ϊεʱߵǰο޶˽ıʶͺܵ¸ûжɻˡ
Ұ
ؿһתЦҲ
á
߲˵ˣⴿһ־磬ЩܣøϽ뿪طУȻҪԡˡ
æ߶ԪѹסڶıƲƲ죬˵ʱȥ죬Ǻúÿңú
ҪСĵ㣬˵Щ˾ڸ
ۿǵҪˣؿھ̾Ȼ˶ͬʱҲ˼䣬Ͼȥġ
֪ġ
˵꣬˫Ŀɨ˼Ůһ飬Ȼ첽뿪˱֡
˽㣬
뿪ˣĪ뽫˽һԣֹʡ
˽ֻҡҡͷ˼Ƭ̣˵ǸŮ
ֻ
ĪɫȻûɵʧ䡣
ҲҲֻʱ˰ɡ


224 ò
뿪ʥأ߽̤Ⱥɽ֮䣬زãȺɽ绢ǣߣããޱߣռ޼ʣһʱ֮ʱΪ֮
ɽӣ˱̤˲Ϣڼ֮ǰ붼顣
뵱ԼׯΪڿ˼ʱ򣬺ڲ͵Ľ죬̤ܽأɾ˴˵֮еɵˣ
еĿģߵ˼ҲԾ
ոջ緢ɵ·;Ȼת֮ѾȻʧ䡣
Ȼڹ˫УԼȻûʵսʤ˫ûаӹ˫жԼİŮӶ޷̸緢
֪֮䣬ߵ˫ֺȻսȭӭź绺
˫ұضҪ㣡

֮һƣȭײ
ȭ˫Ķǰԭٷе嶸Ȼֹͣ

ͿڿȻһΣȻǳʧȥ˿һ㣬·׹ȥ
ಣ
һͯѸٴͼ֮Ʈ˳
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ͯһȣ˫ƣһŲʹ׳ֱ߼׹壬ȻƮƮŵ䡣
ŶˣǿҲʿɻ䣬˿Ѿܵ˲Ĵˡ
ʹƮƮ£߷ŵ˵ϡ
ͯΧ򵥵Ĳһʾ߶Σյĸ֪һԶѡ
Ȼʱ˿̣ȴȻ֪ԼȻԲѡ
֮䣬Լڵ֮УϸһȻǵӹսϱĵԭѾǺܾǰ飬ȻļǵǸʱݶԼȴݵУ᧿Σ
ôܣ
оޱߵΣӿ߶ʱд󾪡
һǰδеΣʶ˲Ϯĺͷʱ̷֣ԼȻ޷ƶôĿţĵԼ壬Ѫ缤ˮһ籡
ȾѪδȥоȻһתѾ쵶ĵ󣬶ҹı̿ճϿգ
Լ˫ִ߶ųȵ𣬶ű̿ճ·Ӱܶıʿ
ôֵ
˼δ߾ͿǰҹһӰһ㼤䣬̫һĳ콣
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˻ͽĽ۵糸ĳɲ֮Ѿߵ಻һߣ
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иֳôһͷҲֻǸոͷһ̣˺ѿͬѾĴ뵽֮С
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һĻĻĳһĻݣ·Ǽ֣оԲǼ֣ΪЩڳֵĹУһĸı˽֣ȻĽֲģˣȻЩ
һɲͷǻڱܵģʵ״̬Ȼڳ˯ͷȴʮֵ

ڼеİɽϣ˫׻ܣһξˡĹ֮Ȼѣһ
ϣ߾ķ֣ȵ＾ڣԼȻ
ǶҹɫŨ
ʱ䲻֪Ѿҹˣ֪ԼһԾȻ˽ӽһ졣һ֮ԺֽݵĹȻǼ£
˹飬߻ûʱȻ˹ȻЩ겻ӣҲ֪Щʲô
һԵͯӿߴڵҲЩͷԣǰھҴӶ޷ָĴˡ
ôˣ
ĬһͯӻǾÿѯһµĺá
˺ü£߲ŴãȻʧ״̬лָ
ҸղһֱԵ𣿡
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ǰԺܾˣҶܵ˴ˡ
ȷԼȷʵǻˣߵʵ벻Ϊʲôʹǰͯ˵һ顣
ȷ֡
ߵĽͯҲһʱ벻⵽ôһ£Ժƻþһĵ״ʲô
ˣȴֲˣԭȶĹȥȴı䣬⵱С
ȻͯҲ֪Ϊʲôִ߱ͷβԼ˼
ʱһȥ֪ĶףڶϾҪˡ
ѵ˵ʲôѵף
߲֪ģʶĽ֮ºԼһ·ĳЩϵһ𡣶ʱ㷢в֮ͬ
ǾħϺ͵ͷߴս֮ʱĳδڻԵʱ֣
ѵ˵һֱܵĳԣ
²⵽ĳֿܣ߱ЩȲȥ֤ʵһ¡
Ԫת̽Ѱһɴͷõйز֮ıԴء
һ̽߶ʱȵķ֣ԭܹĸоһɴŲ֮ԴصϢʱ˿̣Ѿģˣֻ˵Ѿ޷׼ȷҵһϢλã෴ǣܹӻκһλøоڲ֮ԴصĴڡ
ԭˣ
ݵ˼֮߳׻Ȼ֮ıԴѾЩӣһŲϵһԭԼЩĲ֮ԴѾ֪ںˣӴԺź͵ͷһǿĻָ
䣡
һ죬ֳֵٵڸ첲ϻһӡ
ϵģ˿һûѪۿɼٶѸٵֻǼĹ򣬱ѳ޸˿ûкۼ
ԭ


225 ׯ
Ҳ֪νĲ֮Ĳֻ֮˵żٵ޸Լָ˸ǿȵĹ˺Ȼġ
ǾˣǿĻָô˵Ҳһֵø˵顣
峿Ĵ΢һʪо߾ûշУֻǾôɢš
ʱǬɽѾһξˣһ·̹;ƽԭش۾ӵĵط·϶ǴѴѵˡ
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ǽɺ׳ǣǾ֮صйģȽϴһͨСһĳǳأ̼óУǸһĪĺô
ҲͳԷĹ߶һЩ˽⡣
һԲǧﵱУһǾɺ׳ǴԼķɺţڷɺ׳ǵıһλڷɺ׳ɽµɽׯ
ɺźɽׯȻ˵ī֮µ໥֮ȴʮֲ·˽һģǺͽںͱʮ
˵ĵطһз֮䣬˵ɺźɽׯ֮Ĺϵһ㶼֡
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ЩװԼǰŵķɺͼߵǺ׾ϳˣǷɺŵˡ
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˵䣬¥ĻƶϾƲˣׯֱӾǰ̿Ʋˣȸߵ˾ƣԼһ
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ׯȻᣬȴǴʱһ˵ǴӾŷʱԼǰòû׷ѣղſʵû뵽ôһȥͬһ˳崨꣬ȻԾŷ
ǵģµ߿֪崨ʲô˼ɸҽһЩ
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˵˼侰£ǽ崨ҶԵطˡ
ׯ²һ;Ȥģʱͽ崨Բǧصо֮һһ߽һ飬ĩ˻ǷҪר·ͬ
·ܾͲˣУǧɺţпһȥݷðݷá
ֺһƣ߾ʹ뿪ˣżȻɺׯֻһСѡȥȥɺţ»ûǡ
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˵߾ߣȣ˲Ϣ֮˷ɺ׳ǡ
ղׯ˵ڷɺ׳棬һȥɡ
˷ɺ׳ǣ߱㳯ȥ


226 ٲҹ۾
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ǲˣ̳֮ǰظϵʻȡ
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ׯڽܽ崨оµʱҲΪļƵģڲʻȷԲڵľ㣬һûᣬ˵ڽ崨棬ׯļҲûС
ٶȼ죬뿪ɺ׳ǣ̤ղʱѾԼٲڵɽ¸ϡ
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ʱʱĽ԰ȫ£һ˼ϸƷľ£Ժ֮е˼ȴпյԼ۳Ұ衣
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ߵĸⱼӿˮϢߺȻֱӷ𣬿ĶҪɵٲУ
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ȻֻվȽŸ̤ٲĿģͿȶס֮̾Ϳʼ׼ˮұ͹ʯȻ˫ŷ͹ʯԾڿʼ˲䣬߾ֱӴ߶Ԫֿסˮĳ
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мҲͣЪֻ΢ͣ۲켸ӣȻֿʼϴܶ
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227 
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ֻǼӵĹߵǧʯһ㣬뵽·̶֮С
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һˮðͷ³Ҫϰȴĸоƺ˹ʱк棬Ҫʱ򵽵ʲô
ʱҹǰѾǿһˣ¾͸۾;ˡ
뵽߱㽫һصһʯ棬Ҫʲôʱ
ʱ䲻Լһǰһٲǰ
߾һŮ˵һΪ߱飬÷ɺźһģȻǳֵʱء
߱
֣ߵһ߱ɲ򵥣Ķ߻֪һЩģ߱ؼһһľԵ챦ҿвϵʿ߱ԱôЧҲ࣬˵ʿı
߹ˣǰ˵ŮʮӣǱŤ˵ģȻͬһŮȴǳȻζЩ鲻Խĳ
˵ûǷɺŻɽׯϼһڰйע飬ǸûǿΪܣ˵һȻ߱ʮˣǻҪС²Ŷԡ
Ů˵ƺߵľʹôһ˽ͨͨԴŮ˿дͶʱ˹һͨ
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ʱǻϿ˵ò
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һһһӣ߾Щסˡ
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˼ٲˣýúõĿ㡣
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üһգգ۾ף˵ԭ椾Ȼôһ£ߣЩڰҹɫ֮вԶ˵һһȴǾߵ۾
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ŮôѾʱȫޣЩҵĽã̧ͷֻϧﻹߵӰӣΧѾǿһˡ
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û˵ʲôֻ˫۾ɨܣһûκεŶԾ˵߰ɣҲȥˡ
뿪´ٲ߼ӿٶȷһʱ;·һСʱص档
ʱȻˣ߾С˼һľλãǰС
Ȼ˵챦߱ʢ˵ʲôҲҪǰȥģ˵Ƴս߱Ҳδ֪
ߴλãǡǡǺ´ٲмɺ׳Ƕңңԣ´ٲڷɺ׳ǵ棬ڷɺ׳ǵĶ΢ϵλãǾɽׯȽϵĽ
ڽ崨һҲľ¾֮ǵڷɺ׳ׯȴƫƫᵽ⵱ͼˡ
ׯǵС˼Ȼȥ⣬ȻԼ֪ˣǰȥһǡ
ûʱ߻һֱ²Ǹʲôڣ֪ǽַʲôٽϵʱ򣬲ŻȻ֣ν˵Ҳһ״ʯɽѡ
Ҫ˵ʯɽҲĶ֮ǾʯɽƵ᫸֮Щڷ֮ƣʯɽǾͷλá
ʯɽݲɽվǳ˷ǹʯڣżʯͻҲһֲ
ߵµʱѾǴӽƻʱˣʱΧĵѾۼ˲ˣװ磬ǻͳһġ
ⳡ棬òҲ֪ˣʱΧǾȽϽɽׯˡ
Ҳֻɽׯˣһ֮£ߵҲﻹһɢ޵ģЩɢ޻ѻһˣҺٺ˽̸ɽׯĵ˵Ц졣
Ȼɢڣߵȫ޹˼ɵļС
һİɢ޵Ȼɽׯ˵עӣϾ¾ᱦɽׯҲΪֵ飬Щɢ޷


228 ӿ߱
λ֣ҲǰѰ߱ô
߸ߵһƧڣ׼Ϣһ󣬱ϾһƬҲɢĵȴǴе߱й̶ĳʱġ
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˳ƫݲߣһ˫۾ϸСüëŨܿȥô
һǻشĵһڨĹҲôãʱѲǵ羰ˣ
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ЦЦȻϯضָָԶˣ˵Ҳ˰ɣЩˣһγ˲ǿ߸֣߱־ڱصá
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˻δ˵꣬Ա߾ʹһѭȥ˵ĺȻһ췢꣬ȥҲͺ߲ʮ߰ӣһͷ췢ɢڼͷһɫۣ˫۾䣬Բüͷüһɺӡǡ
ٺ٣һĺܣ˾ǲ֪ߵغ񣬴ѾﵽأʱȻûг֣ԤϣλȻ֣ССѵĶֲɣ
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ߣ
췢ȴû˵ֻһ̬Ȼԡ
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һ䣬תͷߵ֪λûȤһˣʱᱦĿܡ
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ԣҽ񣬲֪γƺ
Աţ˼ӣȻ߾Ϳˣ˵鵹Ҳǲԣ
ֵܲҪģһﵽ֣Ǿ͹ƽ䣬ǱѾ̸˼λѣֵԸĻǿɵһϸ̸
һд㣬ѾϺüˡ
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Ҫ֪ҪûʵǺɵġ
ззڵͲõˣ㣬ƺζᱦ˶ǸǿߣΪġ
ߵû˻ش𣬵˵еһδĴ󺺺Ȼʵ

֣߶ʱЩˬ죬޷ϢжҵʵֱһΪжϵĽ
ԭ㷢𣬵תһˣ𴿴ûκεãڵǿͶýˣɴൽһ±Ŀ
ϵʱߵɢǶɶѵľһһЩ⡣
ߵɢͼҲˣǵĿȻķϣֻҪ˲ҲͲᶯֻǾĵȣһжȻͻȥ
һ˽⣬Ǹˡ
ӿ߱ʢ챦Ȼһף߱ǵӿ
һЩ˵Ʋ⣬߱ʱĻƻʮ֣ĻǻҪһʱ䡣
Щʿƺԣ¾ĵȴš
һҹ޻ڶʮ֣в˵µλá
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ʱׯǽעȫŵǱߣȻûпߵĴڡ
ɺŵĵׯĴҲѰһƬյأϢ
ԶҲɺŵӵĵʱ˲٣ʱʱĳŷɺ׵ӵλÿԷɺŵӵҲЩǡ
ʱһȥʮ֣Χĵ㿪ʼ𶯣϶ʼӿһĽ⡣
ಣ
һжȲ׼ȥ
ֵܣ׼ˣ߱ͿҪˡ
оߡһ㣬᲻֪
վϵĻҳ߾ͺȼһžĵطƶ
˲ãͿԭðɫߵλãʼһ۾Ľɫ
ӿ߱ҪҪˣ
Ҳ֪˭ɤӺһͿе˷׷եȡԼͬ
߱ĶˣƺѾʲôˣڶʿƶʱ򣬱вʿ߶зʼĶ˷ȥ


229 
󣬴ʱΧףѵȺȻǿףһȿֺҪǰȥ˰ʧȥõĻᡣ
һʱ֮ΧӰܶĿϾӡ
۹·˷ķһξ룬ڵĸ˷׷׼зڿն𣬳Ķҡҡλεķȥ
ֵܻߣ
ȷ𣬴ʱԦķзǺʮֵһɫżƬҶӿһĹηҲ֪Ǹʲô
˵ķҲͬʵλⷨţҲǿܹ
ĸ˶Ҳˣ³滹ʮֵĻңû˳ɹӽϣ챦ڵĵطȻػЩҲܶԱＫȿжʮֵĽġ
һ̤߶Ԫ߱ƮƮķ𣬽̤գ֮Ѿĸ˵ǰ
ֵԭǸ֣
ʱһٶʱԭΪ߳Ҳֻһصʿû뵽±ֳʵѾ˾ʵʱǰ˿ߵ񶼱Щ֪ز¶ĸ֣ﻹǾٶýࡣ
֪֮䣬ڵĸ˶ߵСͷˣǶֻҵĳϣʵΨһĳ롣
һṦڶʿȳϵɽׯĴȺʿȻʵûдﵽ˾ȴŷķѡ
Ҳſһ£˱ŴķĿĵϿ£һзɺŵĵӡ
ɺŵӵ˴ʱ˷ɺׯ֮⣬ׯ߻һһ۵ӣӿ̤Ҳ˾ʵ
һηɺҲ˴󹤷ɳ˸ᱦ
ߣʱûп˾ϵĸ֡
ɢǷɢͱ򶥷壬ߺȼѡķ棬ʱ⼸֮⣬вɢޣǸ˵ɽׯһõ߱ĺ췢Ҳڡ
췢ȻҲû˾ԦķһѺտտĳţٶȾˡ
췢겻š
Ǻ췢꼸ۣ˽ۣȲĳһѽʮֵĲ򵥣Զ߾ܸоǰѽɢǿơ
췢겢ˣֻСĽǰżҲĿߵĶ
Ȼ˵ͼɢҲ٣ɢǶǸΪ˵ģԻ޷ͷɺԼɽׯȵģһṦɽׯѾ̤Ķˡ
Ҳʱ򣬶ɺŵں˴Ҳ̤
Ҳȥ
Ѿ̤кһӿٶȣʱҲϡ
ʱɺɽׯǽŵʱ򣬸ûʱȥЩɢޡ
ϷԲҲңڷɺźɽׯãɢҲ½ϴʱȥͷܶò֡
Ļأֳ滤֣Ҳ̫е˵ȥ˰ɡ
ϣɺŵĺȿڣŶɽׯʿ˵
ʱɽׯߣûͷ˵ĸڣߵʿȴ쳣򾲣Էɺ˾ĸһ㶼ңȻбġ
ϣô
ʿûпڣȴǴ˵תͷͿһλǷȥԼĪʮϢƮ
˵һɽׯĻǿˡ
ߣ֪Ϲ
˳֣ɫ¼˵
ҪôҲˣѼҪѼŶԵ
˵ǲһֺǺǵģǰվӪ棬Ǽһ
ɺߵϿɾͲˣȻƺû˼˳ڵֱ˵ɣ߱ǷɺҪˣȰǳ뿪ҪȻݹ飬ɱǵͽͽ
һ仰ͽ˫Ļҩζ׵ĵȼ
˭Ҫɱҵͽͽﰡ
ϻδ䣬һĵһŮƮƮ䵽ɽׯȺС
˵һ˾ʿ
ŮĸȴʧģҲͶʮӣһ˫Ŀˮ
ղǸǽжŻط磬Ů˽йɽׯĻ
Ůӳ֣վ㽫˳ߡ
м
Ϊһ߱ͳȻⲢɽׯȫʵ
һ˾ʵλû֡
˵
ߵͷͷɺ֮ľת߿ʼ۲ϣѰ߱λá


230 ߱
󣬿߿һȦȴûзκαļȻ˵ѾԵĳףǴ˵е߱ûг֡
һȦûпʲô߱Աߵ
Ȼ涼˵ӿһܻ߱ûʱİɡ
ҲǲôΪʲôȴ߱Ӱӡ
ѵ˵ˣ
кȻһٴνĿɨܣͬʱʶ̿߶ͼЧʱϵһж
һһһľ˵һһӲߵʶɨӡ
߾͸оǾһƺʲôǱصĴصĺܺã΢ϢǱĲˡ

һϲ֪Ǹ۵ĽһʲôԾͽŲһѸٵĳǸȥ
ߵļ⴫е߱ȴ߳һȥҲһͷˮĸ˹ȥ
ܿ죬˱ڣһʯӲݽλá
￴ȥһҲۣͨˡ
ֵܣѲﻹʲô
߶˼̲סʡ
ҲһͷˮҪʵǰţٲֿȡЦһˡ
俴һߺȻ˫һչȻſյĿռץȥ
ۣ
ϵģڿյĿռߵ˫־Ȼʲô
ʱ򶼾ȵŴ˵˫һգգĿߣʵ޷ôġ
Ȼǲ״ģȴǺף˫һץ֮£Ȼ˼Ӳۼס
߱Ȼǻˡ
а룬ȥ˫ȴûгأһԪ˳˫ۻ۵˫֣žͿ˫ʮָ֮ɫĻ
һ־ǿĻƽͼԣǴǿӲֶµĻΣ˵ͬ߱һֳͬ
˫ʮָһָ׼ûߵָͿʼѣŨĻ֮ѸٽСռ

һԵҲһֳ׵ˣ˵ԻƽƣСΧ˾̾ˡ
Сռ䣬ʱһŷŭ𣬾Ϳռ֮һ󲨶һĿȮԳ壬ͬʱһƬʣ⻪ӳ֮һ侧Ө͸Ĳɫֳ
߱
һԵ̲סľ
һɲҪʱʿעȫ˹
ͬһʱ䣬˵Ŀˢһ¾ȫת˹ߵ߼ˡ
Ȼ߱лޣ
ɺźɽׯͬʱ˹ɺŵϻׯɽׯλȫǵһʱ˹
û뵽ػ߱޾Ȼ
ĻŻط嵽ԱߣͷһۣЩĿ˿ߣٿվһ񼸸ˣ˵СֵܣһԣⱦﲻܹõߵģǳЩ뿪˰ɡ
Żط⻰˵ĽֱףֱӸˣƺȻ÷߱ͬ޲һܹĵġ
Ŷ
ԶŻط磬ֵ߱ʮƽɨΧһۣԶŻطòõߣȻģҿҲòߣҲȥɡ
ֻӶŻط˵ڳĲʿΪǺеģͬĻȥһɢСĿ˵Ǻ˻ˡ
ϾʵǴģ˾ĻڳѾԵѹ˷ɺһͷˣοߵСҲ˶ѡ
˶벻߻ԶŻط˵ͬĻ
һԵׯȷ߱˾ȻԼڷɺ׳Ǹʱʱɫͱѿ
壬ǴӾŷġ
ׯյߣС˵
ʲôǾŷˣô֪ġ
ȻЩţôɣƫƫںᱦʱ˾ŷˡ
׿ڸ˵ģڷɺ׳мһ档
ׯȻҲ˾ԾŷǶԷ׿ڳˣǻʮа˾ˡ
ŷ˳ôҪõĿԾͻСŵ˵߱ѾԵˡ
ϳһ£Ҳ޷ҵ;ŷ˶֣жô
壬⡭ðɡ
ׯȻ٣Ƿִ缫ãʮԷɺŵʵȫ޷;ŷģ;ŷ˶ܻصĺ
߱˵ʲôҲҪģɴºǵͷϴˡ
ϵǴһ˼Ҫ߱ƴ˺;ŷ˶Ҳʹ˷
˼Ͽ˿ԶȻ߱Ļ˫ħȮ㳯


231 ˼
߱ȵԳΣ˫ħȮʱû𹥻ֻĿΧˣҲ֪ûа취ô˵ġ
ĻŻطͬѾյ߸ǰҲ˼ֱ˳߱ᵱСۿû̸£ɺŵҲ
Żطбۿ˿ϣӣҲǲ֪ǳͲ˵һ˾Ϳ԰ȥҪĻתͷˣֺα˷ѹ򡣡
Żط˵һ㶼ͷɺǳ׵Ĳ·ˣȫһ档
ɺųЦŶŻط͹ȴǲδڣĿ䵽ϡ
СֵܣǴô
Ŷ
߿ӣһ˵ʲô
ȻҶǳ߱ģɽׯˣǸߣСֵܾʱǷɺ֣Ƚɽׯ˸Ȼֹ߱Σ
һǸͬ˾ĸ֣Ȼܹߵʵ˾ĸ־ȫ˷ʵܹһЩʿķ߿
Ȼһ߶ˣ߻û˵ʲôвɢӦͺͷɺϵһ
Ȼ⵱лһЩʿɽׯ£Ĵȣһò߱Ҳܹɽׯǣһϵ
ʵ˵ɢ޵ʮֱģɢɢ޵ĺôȻҲƣĴȣɢޣҲһĺôġ
Ҳǲԣ֪һ˸ˣ϶߱ķδأ
ȻҲɵӣûŵǹʹĳ̶ȣ¼ȻҪ˹ͬԿ꣬ôȾҪǵսƷη䡣
СֵɲصģҲˣ߱䣬ʱһһҲˡ
˵⻰ʱӱʾ߿Զ߱
ǰߵûϸֻ߱ǱĿĹһ£ʱôһ˵ſ߱Ȼ䣬ЩصЩ
ĻðɣǾôˡ
Ҳ֪Լ߱ĻȻܵɽׯͷɺŵ˫ع˵ʱͷɺŵȽɽׯ˸ߣɽׯ֮һһƽǾˣ»ȥǡ
ãСֵˬˣϲ
ӹһЦ˫չӾҪ̶֡
һһģʱԱߵĶŻط͹׼ŭˣŻطۿӺˣֻһЦȻˣǾû˷ѿıҪˣ
ȻŻطŭˣһӣδȶ
ۿŻط֣ҲӰƮƮն۳ԪӭŶŻطȥ
˾սһ
һ˫ֶ֣ɺźɽׯʿҲʱһѷĳ嵽һ𣬷ײϣʽͨ˲ɢ̻ſ
ʱѾǰʱ֣ߵϼѾʾҹĻҲĽ٣ȴǿȥͷ쳣
Ǳ߶ŻطӶһλ˾ֹȴûеһʱѡΪ֣ӰһȻǳ߱˹ȥ
룡
ʱȻǲܲˣۿŹҪȥ߽һ̤Ӱವһ¾͵˹ǰסȥ·
ÿ֣
ȵĿ˵
˴˱˴ˡ
ߵڹǰ˫һ죬ָױʩչʮâŹӷ
֣͵뻢ıƤҪ̫ˡ
ۿ߶֣һˣһ˵
Ҳ˵ֻǲϵĴףĻ籩һ
ಣ
֮ĻƽɲһʿܹģֻǼ򵥵һ棬΢һЩϵȹͱȼ
ʶôСޡ
üŭӿ˫֪˵ʲôûˣҲտڲԣ˫һĨһѾС
ȥһī˸Ĺ⣬Լ೤ʮԲۣĩһС
Ǿͳҹɡ
СſССͷһº촽һĨɱѸٸա
Դʵ֮󣬻ûкʵ൱ĸĽֹ¹ͬҲ˾ʵߵʮڴ֤һԼʵһʲôĳ̶ȡ
Ȼ˾ȴʮֵţԼоųɵİս״ܡ
䣡
ȹеĹߺϻڣȸѾʩչ˱Χ˿С
ô
߲δһʱ֣Цһżһأһ¾ͷ
ˢ
չĹŵĹƿռƳߺɨ


232 ս
ķ쳣죬ҲǱ̽һµ뷨ָһۣǸѾóʱδõĻսìѾ
սìǰͻˢһ£ں԰Ļսì϶ʱǺ֮
Ԫӿһ޴ͷӰսìǰ˷ɳ˹ӭ
ʱ˶ڿУȸֱշУ֮ߵٶҪȹٶȿϲ١
ٶȿƣߵĹҲĿϼ֣ڹĹ߻м׵ľʱߵսìѾײ˹档
ǿײеΪ֮һͣ˲ֿ
˫һײȻ¡
ЩȵĿŹû뵽ĹȥûжƣȴҲС̺ŲͬѰ
߾͸ӾˣԼʵȻˣ⹴һɲһֵܹģ⿴ƼĹʵ̺˾޴ͨŻط綼˵аսһû뵽˾Ȼ治ɫľ͵ֵȥ
֪ǾУҲҴĴˣԪӿ֮йʵĺڹ⣬ȥɷޱȡ
ͳ˺лսìϵеĹӴ󣬲ܵġ
꣡
һԪ߶»սì϶ʱֳҫ۵ĻƽսìһһǺ޻ڵȷ˹
ԱߵʱҲ岻ˣߺͷɺֹͬԸɽׯȫ֪ԼվӣǺһʱɺźתͷһʱ֮ĸ˵ɵ㶵վ׳˿͡
ֻǼĹѾ͹ײǿ𵴵Χռ䶼ڲټʱ϶һƬңѾЩֲ״ˡ
ҹɫߴʱȴΨзӰһĹ
ŹĳƺĲ˵ٶȣѾЩ˾ˡ
ھ̽ҲƺٶȺеĹ֮⣬δܹ֮֮ԼӲһΨһƾеķ
Ȼ̵ǷҾķ
жʱ˼ƽϣֻҪеĹôܹܡ
ˢ
ӰһΣһԭվλѾֻһŻ棬Ѿڼʮĸ߿գȸſĻϵۿɼٶѸٷű仯
죡
ߺԥѡĿǰȸ쾭ܹõΪǿһͨ
ɱ𣿿ϧǸϲҵٶȵġ
߱ı仯Ҳ֪ҪʩչǿͨףΪԼٶƣ۶ԷͨôǿԼܹһʱΧһܹͨɱҲȫûЧġ
һйȻŹûᣬֱӳ߳ȥ
ûߵ˫Ҳûţֻ˫̧ǰı仯һɫӡһһ뵽ȸС
ӡ֮ǿΪóģսȷǾҪô֣Ҫôһֱ㽫Էأ統նɱѪӶŵĻһ
ĹԭȸѾ׻ûȸһɼȼĿĻƽ
գ۱㵽ǰйƿյ˺ͬʱĶˣһȦȦɫħ
ಣ
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գ֮Ͳˣʱһжߵٶǲܴﵽôģȴƫƫס
ҲˣһǰսбʵʱҪͻȻһֲ
гǸļһ
аȴǲȻԷʵҪѰһᣬʵѾչ֣Ǿ˵ΪǿһιҪˡ
֣߶ʶߵĴԭʧ˲̸Ӧλá
ȻڹӰնûзɳ׵ʱ򣬱һУžΧһƬͨ졣
һ޺첢һСΧϣΧ˷Ŀռ䣬һ˲֮ȾͨѪ
Ҿ
һֱĹһ¡
󣬵ȴԵģԷƹѾɣ
ڹŭҪ߶ԪһʱĻɫ𻯳ѷɵ˹ߡ
ಣ
಻ϵĻƿһͻҲ˲һ㣬ٶޣͼߣ
һжˣ磬ɲ֮ڹ˲硣
ͣ
񱩵ĻƽˮкһͰȼһС
Ǵʱ
һִԪɳ۵ԪڿоѾΪŹƹȥ
Űɣ
һͺȣ˫ٴͿƵһĹĳ߷
ͼѴ򿪣ۿ쵽˫һŷڱӿĻһͶͼռ档
ԭס֮ںõģʱǲܵҲ˵Ա߻һŻط磬һؾصʿڹע
Ͷ뵽ͼռУ̻ͯӣעӹκζʵʵڲУʹ߶ͼֱںϡ
ಣ
ով˹ͿλӰٳ
Ȼǣ


233 赶ɱ
սʤ˹߾ͿӰѸٳ֮һ棬ԸеӰӾѾվϡ
߼ǰ´ٲİ;Ů
ŮһϣѸٳԱߵ߱ͻ˫ħȮȥһŵķɺԼɽׯʿЩɢǾ͸ǿҲһˡ
ᱦûôס
ŮһЦȻصʵǾԼ˵ģûк̨֧ţζᱦеòʲôô
Ȼߺ࣬ͼռڣ˵ܹڲ֮أļҪǴࡣ
ಣ
һͳŮȥ㵲סȥ·ٶȣ߻Ҫ˿һġ
˵·Ůʱһһٻ֮һƬͨ˳
λûǿ߳߱Ҳסøˡ
ߺǺһЦȸһεȻҪƹ˫ħȮҪֱӽ߱ժߡ
ϵսѾһˣߵĻ˫ħȮȻߣ߱ȴ޷ߣڻıܣȻҲû뿪һֱԱߣȥѾǽ겻ѡ
޶ʿűܵһ񣬴ʱ߿ٳ˫ħȮһǰצħ˸һӰɳץȥ
˫ħȮ˫ӰΣȥӰһģʵ˫ħȮһ壬źͱ岻µʵߺô˫ħȮ˽һ㣬ħȮĹҴ⡣
˫ħȮսԱߵİ;ȴߵ֮ʱ־ߣٲĳǸ
һ뵽ٲǰ鶼ˣնЩ졣
ãû뵽Ȼˣ
ȵ˵ţһ˫۾ߵʱѾ֪֮͸¶˿˿ɱ
ð鵽˵һͨǿɾء
ôʱһǳ˵Ҳ˾ʵֶһܹ˵ɱˡ
ΧһۣȻڴ򶷵ĶŻطʱһҲȥ߱ˣȻһսķȥ
ÿᱦҲ͸Ʋ˫ħȮսһ߲ᣬŻطӡ
߶ŻطƼѻģԭΪ͹ȫܹѹסɺߵˣ˭뵽ȻôͻȻðһС޸ˣ֪ԼҲһʱܹ̾£ʱн겻ѡ
Ǻ˲٣Ѿֻʣ¶Żطͺðˣе㲻˵߲ûйʰŻط磬һȥ߱ˡ
սҲѳһʱ䣬ʱͻȻоΧǿԪ˲͵ʱ˶ĺ˼ֶοˡ
һˣӶʱͺǺһЦ˵ԭڵλ֪ҲΪ߱ô
ɫ䣬ȴһ󸹷̣ⲻϻôΪ߱˭ɵһܵϿ羰ɣ
Ƿ羰ʤز٣Ҫ˵羰ЩʿûȤ
⻰ɾ˵ˣǽǰ治Ϊֻ߱Ϊ׷һŵĵ˲ŵȻȻϺͶŻΪ߱Ǿͺˣǿ
˵һָԶ˫ħȮսߣڵĵˣλһ͵͵ȥ߱ҿ͸¶һλǣ˵ٶȿľˣһ˱ﵽ֣λοµˮһˡ
Ŷ飿
һԭߵ˾ʱԵģߵĵϸһ㶼˽⣬Ψһ֪ׯе֪ԼԾŷǾĿǰǶдĿԸһЩ߱ͳԼһͳװ׷ˡ
һƽϣʱ;һ쳣ΣǰĶŻط絹ǲôҪˣѾܣ߱ɺҲûжơ
˵ĲϷˣȻڵĵˣҵǰһҲδزɣŻ˵أ
ҲǱԼȻӦҪڵλȴҲܽŻط綪һ߲ᣬ԰Ĵ㣬Ҫ϶Żطһġ

ⲻ֪ʱĶŻط磬ҲھᣬﲻûʲôǹؼһӰڵ˰ܻ֮ӵĻȻڵæ߱ʱԼ߿ɾ·ˣŻطҲû취Կ˾ʿ
ŶĪǶŻԸæ
ûڣȿˡ
Ȼˣұͬ˾ǡŻطεһЦҲӦ
һԼļƲ߳ɹ΢΢һЦ˵ôλͬһȴ֮У


234 
ԭ;õʱ߻ô⣬кһԼɺź֮ĲС֮󣬺ͷɺŵҲ͵˽ˣûڵõ֮߱ͺķָһ룬˵ֻԼᡣ
һ֣߱ͿԶݣƾԼٶֻҪ˫ɽǿ߲־ȫκãʱصǬɽʥأ֮ǬɽŻþ˵̩ɽ߱ټѾֵǣҪ˶ʥصʵͻϺüΣʱȻ˵ŷľȻһĲ࣬ǺͷɺɽׯĩСɱѾǾްһĴˡ
һ˳ΨһźǣʶȻδͻԵĽչνĵȻһƬ״̬֮С
¿ǲЩߵҪĿȻһֱ˫ħȮػ߱
һĿĻԱ˫ħȮ̧һ㿴;ͬӻжŻطĸ˾Ȼͬʱķ˹
ţ
һʱµʲôһ㣬߶ȸѸ߿ա
Ĺ˱ѳ嵽ǰ˾ĸ֣շбǻʱѸٽΧס
̣Ҳףĸ˺Ȼˡ
󻤷Ǻ⣿
Ȼ֪˵ʲôûã߻ǿһ䡣
ǺǣСֵ֪αϷ˵߱Ⱦָ
ӵǷ죬ûдʲôֱӾ˵˳
Ŷ
΢΢з죬Χһһۣ漴Ц޴
Żطɫһ䣬Ҫڣ˾˫ħȮһʱһϯһƬ硣
̳֮У㱿һɫӰ·ɣһտտɽ·ɣɫѪ˺ҧֹ
ʱų֡
к⣬߱жϳˣʱٶ͵Ϯ޵ǵɽǸ췢ꡣ
սپ
ԭ˵ȽӺͶŻط磬ƫƫʱ͵͵ĹҪ֪߱ȥˣսپ
ಣ
Żطĺĸ˼ͬһʱ߶ΣĵӰڿһͨߴͬʱĸҲ׷׼˷
Ӵֿϣһ˴УһֻչյĽɺס
ŻطķһȣȳֳˮɫĿ̻ŵˮ硣
;˵ķƺһ˲ͬɫԲ
ɺŵɽ֮ɺ죬Żطĳ˺һȣڵŷ
ĸ˵ķŲͬȻϵãȴҲСлսìһӭϵİȥ
ΧߵսԣȻҪȹΪһ˵УȻ˾ʿͬʿҲŵȣ;õʵ˾нġ
սìһǺߵĽ̤һĨѪɫѾգ֮嵽˰ǰ

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Ӵʱƿڴʲôɽ֮Ȼŵֱȥ
ڴĹûУգ֮ߵĹѾˣâֿ׼ӺͶŻط硣


236 Ĺ
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֪һսѾ˽β췢꣬ûд㽫䳹շ׼뿪
ɨһܺ߿˲ԶվǸоõĹ

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˲ý赶ɱˣΪУͬǳƽˣҲΪ㣬ȥδӣɡ
˵꣬߱Ҫȥ
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238 ɺ
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239 Ϲ
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Сޣɣ
ɺɱĴֶζʱǳȫʵʩչһѰ߷ɳֱߺġ
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ͨı죬ҲӲҵģ
ɺһȣԪ꾳ֵѹչ¶
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ɺһٻȻһ޴ķӰӣʮ״СķӰӺ̶ܴɺףֺɺв֮ͬΪͷݵצӺȻǷĻצ
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Ѿǵһο˵ˣǰؿǣɺĻצɺףеģԼԼġ
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߷ɳӽǰһƵĵСֵ߱ΣϷþˡ


240 һϹ
Ȼô߶ʱһһ˭ⲢǷɺѵϼһ
֪⻹δϼһѾƺţסβǰԷԷʲô
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241 
Ȼ꾳ֻ񣬵ߴʱȴ̩ɽͼռ䣬ǿǰܹڲ֮ء
ʱ˿̣ߵȴѾļƬˣЩƬĴ磬иǰĸ߿Ƽ磬
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һĴʻ֣߿ƼõӰֳ
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242 ħ
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Խ˽⣬ԽǾη֪Լ̫أҪһٴﵽľȫȻܣôϣǿԴﵽ
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243 
ħǸʿ˫˫棬߼ٵ޳Ҳ͵֮ͬĨɱħ
һĶǣߵǻࡣ
߻ָƽͯҲ˿֪ߵһأǶȹȥˡ
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ͯӺ޲һڿˮ
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һ̤߶ʱһ
һ̧֣һԪ·һ޴ʯʱɳ


244 Χɽ
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ʱԶһ˽̤նӰߴΰԡ⣬顣
ұһ·ȴû뵽ƫҪǾݹˣ
һǬɽԲʮɽغ
ʥصŮȴͷһϲ߻ˣ


245 һд
˵͵ߵڿδЪӰѳǬɽǰ
ߴΰӰ·ߣٲȻѾһǿߵǣôվһεѹɢΧǬɽʿսľ
ɺͶ֮󣬸Ƿŭѣ߿ǰģľͰ̵߱ˣβ
úúãȻСӸһϷҪ׽ɱ
ɺЦƲǰ֮УȻͷìͷϣһԵĶҲˡ
ǿƣ
һͷ̸оߵƷ˷츲صı仯ǰʱȻͬøǿˡ
һ̳˱ŻôɫǸ
ɺҲǵһʱ쵽ߵı仯ʱŭǳ
СӣҵıҾѪϴɽͷŮˣɱˣ
ɺ۹ֽУٲȻѾûһ֮ķ緶׳п
϶ţɱ
Ȼϣצɺһ硣
Ŀ絶棬Ŀű׵ķɺʹĶ壬̶Цϼһȫ
̤գշת˸߲ûеһʱͷɺսȽŮӾۼһ𣬼򵥷Ը˼䣬һٻϹ
һٻ
Լʵ
Ϲɣ
ȣȫ·λ֮УÿһһƬĻԡ
Щ棬ȥӵĹˣǰĻƽȣһģ
ԭĽɫѾȡ֮ǵĲҰɫ
ۣ㾹Ȼôľ磡
ͼռ棬ͯӶʱ
ǵģ߽񾳣ȸ쾭֪˶ٱǶԻԪصĶǳֳαѾһ˿˿һʵķԾӻƽ𣬵Ȼֻǳ𣬵ȴҲ֪һ𣬱ɷپ¡
ȵԪȫÿһϸ֮жӴ۳ʶУƿһС
ұɱ㣬ȴѰ·Ǿûκˣ
߻ǰǾ仰ǵڶ˵ʱѾ۷塣
ˢ
ԭնе嶸Ȼӿ죬գ֮䣬Ӱû£Ѿ˷ɺǰ
ÿ죡
ɺ󾪣˿ٶȣԼ¶޷ﵽ
죡
ɺһХԪȣΪ꾳ĸ֣ɺĵ̻ʮֻģȻȲЩɾ֮ȴҲǷʱĪѹɺ浹ʮ򶨵ó˿ұ죬ֱͨӴ
һ£Ϳɺ껢צɺȻһУ߿գ׹ʣ󣬵һɵζ
ƿճצɺ׵һת޴Ļצ֮Ϲ⻪ţ񽣣Ĺ
ۿצɺǿϮ߲ܣǴһãȻͿɵһȭ
һȭ˵ƽͨȭͷûκε档
һ̣ߵȭͷһ룬ƶȻ췭ظ
ᣡ
һȦȦĲҰɫһڣŭӿ
ͬʱߵƮ
չᣡ
ͬȸ쾭еͨѾǰ߹õЩˣĶӿֲͨҲ֮ˣչᣬһС
ҰɫֻһôķΧߴչķһٿ֮仯ΪҰɫˣߵΪ˫ᣬߴȭͷΪףһԻصܣ򽫳ȥ
ߵĶȥƺȴ쵽˼¡
֣ͷɺ귢ײƺֻһɺҲֻüͫһ
ۣ
һֽʯ˺Ѫ
׺Ͱֱӻ˻צɺײĻצһǰҰɫ˲佫צɺû
ͣ
ȼǿµģ壬ԭĴڵģȴҲѲȼյ³
ͼܵķɺ棬걻ȼյɲǣƺһ߷ݣӿеȥ
߿Ҳһۣһȭ꣬ɺֻһ֮һʣһ֮һУٷ֮ʮŵģΪˡ
ɺ棬Ӵ˲ڣ
֣
һԵĶԭڵȴһٽ߻ɱûʼȣɺѾɱ˿ĶսϵȴǴδ
һȭ˷ɺ棬߽̤գֱӳŶ


246 չ
ˣԣƺѾ˷ľ磡
ɱɺ棬ߵԺб˵ؿޱȵͬʱҲԶѸٷ
ǵģѾǴﵽ˷񾳽磬пֱӽ꾳
̴ȥ
⵹ǿڣ㹻߿ֱӽڶ۴Բö飬ѾǽĴڣʱۺϣ꣬жôǿ˵һ꾳ɱ˽ٸ֣ͽǿ߶һս֮
˵ҲǿţϾһö飬ȻҪɵ൱˵ȥ´ǻ۵Ҳġ
գ֮䣬ؿǰƮƮΡ
Ϲˣ
ؿӧ
ãֱɱһ
ߵͷ
ף
ؿҲɱ֮ɣһǸ֣
ԶĶʱŻ֪һǳ˴ͷ÷ˣ֪һ֮ٻԼꡣ
һͷĹ˫ᣬԴͷһöͫ
ߴʱҲȫںǴ졣
ʱʥصŮҲ׷Χ˹һЦģ꺮ů߶ʱһֻؼҵС
㰲ȫ˾ͺá
˽˸˵š
߱ԽԽǿΪ˵ģߵǿ󣬾ζŽܹΪһɶõԮߵʵȻ΢ϣߵĳɳٶ˽Īϣ
߸磬ԺɲڶǲŶ
СЩĴ˵
ЦЦҲ˵˴ʥصͷѾȥպһС֮ȻԽ׳һ
̸Ц䣬ߺȻһʵЩΧǬɽŷǱ߾û˹֧Ԯһ𣿡
ǣ
һ˽ʱת䡣
ǵǷԮźţȴʼδ
ţ
߶ʱˣīϲ⣬Ҳãʱգŷһͬˡ
˵赭дǼŮʱһ
ŷǿ黹Ҫӳ飬ڻ;ŷʱ򡣡
о͸¶ɱ˽Ȱ˵
ţȻзִ硣
߶˿ȻǱսƺЩ˳ȥ
˵䣬ӰһѾ˵ؿͶսķΧ֮ڡ
ʱɺͶĴƬʿܵܣʣµѾûмˣҲһսľĶһԲǰǿɶۿһȭֱӴ˷ɺ棬Ҫٲ۵ĳȥǼֱӽˮˡ
ƻûȫϣ
ؿս廹һЩ֪һսеؿܵش֮ûг׻ָܷӳٷ֮ٵս
ԭΪԼռϷ磬ܵĻˣû뵽߾ȻȫߵսһؿЩֲ֧סͻˡ
Ҳϻֱһȭ
ͬǻɱɺһУͬȭͷǶȴ·һ㣬˲ʧȥȫĶ־
Сӣ㲻ú
һ仰δϣ˾ɳһ㣬ֱͦͦĴӿеȥ
壬
µʿһҲˣʱһɢûˡ
ҲЩСϺСзżŮֱӿصǬɽϡ
һ·߱㿪ʼһ⣬һǬɽΧŷȴδκεĶ⵱Ѿ֪֮͸¶һΣյϢǾǾŷǬɽϰӪկǼɵĶ࣬Ҫʱ侮ʯ
һҺ߼ʱϻҪȻʥؼпܾͻᱻ״ݻ١
ܹؼһ㣬ʥΧķǳԾŷ󷨴ʦ֣֮ԭ߻ǺܿŻþģȴòһˡ
߻ɾŷŻþȱڡ
Ϣһ°ɣȴһЩ顣
صУüŮӻȥϢһսɱ¾֮԰ྻŮҲҪһ
˵Ůȥֱӽ˴󷽵ҡ
޴Ǿһޱ޼ʵС
࣬˵һ̺ж󣿡
ҲϾ̫ˣҲ˽Ĳ࣬ǴϢжϣӦñһ۷ʥҪǿ
۷ʥ
ߴΪ𾪣һڿˮ۷ʥʲôĴڣԼ޷һʥжǿ൱ʮ
ȫ⺡ĻӦܹﵽľ硣
ͯ٩٩̸ȴĶѡ
һȻȥǵͬģǱĪΣϴӲ޷Ԧˮһա
ͯӿʼ


247 
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˼һ£ͯ˵ʮеһΣǳȥһԼǿ۳ҲԶԶµЧ
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ͯ˵꣬Լͼռȥˡ
ͼռ޶ȵС֪Ҫ೤ʱָܹ
˵סԶṦ򣬼ŮӶϴһ˴֮С
Ҳ˵ֱӰ쵽˵档
Ϲĺǡ

˸ԻɫʣǣŮ𾪲ѡ
ףҲ
ʱ߿ûԼѴף󹤷һӰɷĴ׾͵ˡ
ۣǰȥǿ󣡡
һ˷ܵŭž޴תȦ
Һһȡ̵ʱ˴һս׼ǵټѾй¶˳ȥ
ߵһսл˻ټй¶ȥʱǰƽڻҶںȫˣŹ
ҪǺһ
ԴЩĿߣû뵽ԼһǵĻԵ
ǻм٣Ƕʥصĺģֻһǿˣʥزܹ׳󡣡
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˵ûǶʥصĺģֻǿˣܹвĨɱ
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⵱е־Ѿȫ
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ʶ̿Ϳʶǣ£̺֮ϸÿ˵֮С
ôǿϹĺǣ
Ů֣ķֱ滹ʮ׼ȷģһ壬͸оһ;ʯܹģǵκεԣΪĴκ˶ա
֮оĵһûУΨһҲֻżı
˾̰Ӥһ㣬֡
ֱӽʶ͸ǵĺģꡣ
һζԿ־ʱѾ̽ǵľڣʱʮ˳ҵ˾꣬ʶһ۵ǣ»뺡ǣߵڡ
꣬ǵΪľڣҪģǽ⾫ȫյ
翪բˮһӿϽ˾ڣעոµ֮С
̣ɵĽš
Ŀ˵ϣһ㾧Ө͸ˮһ貵Ĺ⻪Щ⻪ԽԽһṦ򣬾ͽҫͬ硣
࣬㲻ҪӴ纣Ҳա
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ˣҵǼͼռģûͼռ䣬һʵӲǿ֮ڽͼռ¿٣ʱٲ١
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Ǻðɡ
Ҳǿר־ͬʱʼԴԴϵע뵽ڶ档
Ӵע룬ڶ鿪ʼɿı仯š
һȥǵĹֻǼ˼֣ԿедĴࡣ
ǵȥһ롣
ȣˣѾﵽˡ
ͻȻ֮䣬Сһжա
Լ˵ģѾﵽ˼ޣĿǰ״޷ˡ
£յٶȶٶҪ࣬˵ʱСߵľֻصľ磬̺ǿʱմﵽ˾練ơ
ţŮҲȺﵽ˼ޣҲ޷գ׷ֹ
ΨߣȻԴԴϵͣ·һ޵Ԩûб͵Ŀܡ
ڶѾԲǵˣҵļޣԲǳ꾳ʱˡ
Ȼ֪ʿڷ񾳽˼飬ԼԼļҲ飬ٶ˿¾ͻᱬ
оŮӶͣҲջֹա
ʱǣ֮ĲѾûҰеĪѾױոɾֻʣ֮һˡ
ˣ
Цʡ
ţں˴һܡ
ԴֺǺǵĵ
ãǾȥһܡ
ߴЦվ߳
Ůʱһȥ绨洺磬˵ľӨˣʥ뵵֮Уɡ
ԼһǧĵطһпϿȣܲ磬޲Ż֣һĪȥ
ңԶһȻ
˼ҪȥϿ̽գ
ǵģԭ¿Ͽκ˶ȥģеҲʱͲͬˣÿʮ꣬Ͽ֮еͻ죬̽ĺʱ
߿νѡǡôϿֿĵطȻǲܴ
ãǾȥϿȣ
Ī˻СȭͷԾԾԡ


248 Ͽ
˶ʵķԾһֵĺʱ
Ҳ飬һ˴׿ңһ˳˱磬ſϿȶȥ
һǧľ룬Щ˵ѾңԶľˣ೤ʱ䣬ççԲԵԭʼ֮УһӿͷϿȾ͸Ұ֮С
Ͽȿȥͬһŭװβྡԡ
ǿϿȰ׳ۣ
Сңǰ̾ѡ
һۿ˿ϿڣµϣͽϿȿ
ôˣӻǿϿһ
û߼˽˵ˣǰԶϿȵڴȻʮǻѲӣǴ˼ſڵ
ѰѰһԵȻҲǣֱߡ
Щʲôˣҵס·ֱӶ֡
ǰȿڵ̿ʱһ˴󺰵ʲôˣվס
߼ȫӣǰߡ
٣վס
ڹȿڵʮһӿ
ʮ£ȥݣɫףƴûõӣȴǻ棬ֱӾͿˣЩ˶Ƿ֮
ţ
Ȼͫһ
ʲôˣԹԻشҵĻ
ޱ飬Ŀǰˡ
Ӵǣӹ󰡣Ƕ֣еɱŮãϸƤģζһõĲˡ

һֽУͷǰȾͳֽչŲһɹɵĺ˲ȿڵϿա
֪
ؿȶֻ֣ܷܷһ㣬Ԫӿһâգ׼ȷĸÿһ˵ʺ
ЩҲʵôܺ龳ĵؿȣοǵ֮еȫϣʵһͻ֮ƣʱ֮ݿһ㡣
Ѫ쭳ʮ˲䱻ɱһ롣

źţ
µļɫ岻ѣһ˷ӦǼ죬ָһһâɳֱʡ
ؿɫһˢˢˢ
ֱӽɱ
ս˲ͽν죬ΨһźǷųѶţ֪Ͽ֮бȻǵڡ
֪Щ˵·𣿡
˼˽ʵ
Ӧ̵ĵӡ
ʱ䵹ûộǺôμ̵ĽڣһЩ˵ĴŴɫʣһʱ뵽̡
һڤ̣ѾǼ֮ǰˣ¿Ӧ̵ռϿȣ϶ŲΪ֪ıڡ
־ڸˣһϿ֮н˻أһЩ˵顣
̽ײУ伫һ㵥̵ĺͿԿĳ
ǲã͵նħùаħ
Ī붷־
̵в֣˴ҪСġ
̵̷Ȼôãһֱţɴ˿ԿĳжôĿֲ
ߣ
Ȼǰ·Ůں棬һ˽˿Ͽȡ
ϿʮֵĴ󣬵Ͽ֮ھͿʮִԭʼľ
ֲ⣬ϵȵϣǿҵ֮档
ָһ׳޴ľ˵
ţҲ˵нľֻܲĵطŻ
˽ʶ㣬֪ԭʼֲľ
ԭܹ˺ѵģ΢еҲûϰϿΧ綼ȽԵģҲȽС
һ·ûвԵ޳֡
ЩֵǣȻڹȿڵʱ׽ͽѾѶţ˵˻֣ôãȴһ׽̵˶ûг֣е㲻
߽ʶ̿עΧһС
ĵģʲôûС
⣡
һ仰ĹԶ±һȺϢ
ʱкѹѹһƬһȺǧֻ𣬶һͷʮ־޴˫Ѫ죬һ֪֮е֡
ѽǷɹˣ
ɱ𣬺ͱͬһĳͷרʳ裬Ⱥֿܶ˶ԶԶܿ
֪ЩɱĳƺţײǶҹǵսڰܴܵơ
ǣʱһȺɱȻǷ˹еľȻ򣬳ֳ߹Ե͡
ӣҪСˡ
£߻аսЩģгͣ²ڰݣΪҪĻҪڰˡ
ಣ
Ѹڿն𣬷׷״߶Ԫγɻͬʱݷӭս
Сģܲ׽ͽ
һͬǣȸһչֱӭŴ糵ȥ


249 ҹɫеɱ
νɱǸжһжģвʮа˾ǲ־жֻҪɱȻ
Ͽ֮Ѿڰʣµʱ䲢ࡣ
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û뵽ǻۣӭĻףɿ㿪
˹һСȳ֣ȶһĻ˱ȥ
˸ǵķΧܴһҪûôˡ
ʱֳǻֻۣȻ֮ٶȣһӾ뵽Ӵ֮С
¡¡˻ʣɱ𱻲ҰɫȼճɻҽͷӶûʣ¡
ʵԭµĻƽѾ֪֮ɱΪһĻ棬𣬲Ұɫ𣬼ȼûзĻʮؽǿߣпܱ
߲оСѾЩӣеİ˲٣֮ڻܹͨӳǿƻ
Ȼһյ𣬵Ⱥͻûбңһٵٶȳ嵽ǰ棬һ̶ļС
ڴͬʱе𶼴˷ķУԵļ۵һγһȦε˳
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ɫҹĻ٣ȻСϿߡ
ǹȻҵ󣬲ǽ쵽ֻ·һ
ţϿΧɭֲ
ƮǹںС
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Ļݵһֱϲų֣ҹ߲ǿơ
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Ҫͷ¶βģɡ
߶ſտɽȺ
ಣ
δ䣬Χ紵ݶߵʶ֪£мʮӰӲͬĵط˹
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ڴͬʱͬҲ쵽˵˵׷սʱʼս
ԣЩˣ
˸ոճҰ֮УؿȻ˵
ˣ
һ㶣û뵽ĳ֮⻹ʲô֪֮жϣȲޡ
ûһƺǿܡ
ܡ
ٴνʶɢȻо˿ĻܵѾˣǸûӦеϢ
Ȼǿܣ
ܵսʿҪߣطƵĿܣֻҪĲƻͻһֱսȥֱ׺ľ
ҪնɱܣҲ׵顣
ʿҪǿΪǲ֪η壬֪ʹ飬ûһУǵĴھΪսġ
ܳˣ£񣬳ҫ
ʮ뻮һĳϮٶȲ죬һж켣ʮֹ죬˫ȺȻôմأ·ƮƮȡ
裬ɱˡ
ߺͬǶҵԴ˷ӿĿܣӭս


250 Σʤ

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޴

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ߵһʱжϳˣܲ󣬶ȫǿһĹ޷
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ٴ̤ǰȣ˻һӰʼٴ
ֲֻ֮ϵĵ㵽һĿ棬ָһĸǿҵ档
ͣ
մȾĿܣж׷׼ðһĺ̡
Ч̽һ㣬б
ЩܣǾۼһ𣡡
ͬǴкڿնСһס
ĿƣΧԷɿۣۿɼģͬԪؿپ£һգ֮ȻǰγμԪ֮ӡ
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˫ֲϽӡٴνһӡ뵽Ԫ֮С
СߵĴ߶¿ת裬Ԫ֮¸˿һ
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֮ԭҪʵǿǿ߲ܹƾСȶصӲĽΧ۵һ𣬿ɼСȷͬһ㡣
ʯ󣡡
ԪصԪ֮ӷ·˺ˢһ¾ͽʮȫΪΧС
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˲ðһµϵƴ
ˮϣ
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ͻԭ
ˢˢˢ
߲ݵķɿ죬мû˿ͣЪܽľˮԿֻܵգ۵Ĺ򣬵Ѿ㹻ˣߵԻԪصĲݡ
ͻԭС֮ļ߹Եͨʽ߾ͨԪܹ֮һʩչ˵Щܾȫһѳ
ΨһһȱµʵʩչͻԭҪһʱ߶Ԫ֮۵һĳ̶Ȳܹʩչ
һΣǽһԪֱͷųת˻֮ŻԪص۶ȴﵽҪ
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252 
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253 ħ
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ոն÷Ŵ佫ħѹȥǺܿħϾȻ÷Ŵ䷴Ѿеľϡ
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ۣҵ꣬ģǧͽѪɡ

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˫ס˲䣬ĪȻĵ˵ţ顣

˫Ŀӣ߿¹գԸҲҵĻҼǵãһ㡣
˵꣬ɶԷκηӦŮСٴαϡ
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˻һīҲ˵ˣԿ߲û˵ٻǵǱˣûˡ
һī뵽ʲôȻԣǣҲҪﵽľ磬ѣ
ҺҵһİĪҪͷǡ



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ҲգҲա
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ֵܣʵ㣬ûұ֤ԸƳһʥķʥô˷ˡ
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Ǻǣֵ˵ЦŻþȱ֮˵һǰЩӵĳͻһЩۣ˹޲ǡ
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ī͵棬īҵѾȺ򣬿īҲ˵׷׸ī󣬳ӭ̨ߡ
߸磬һҪҼŶ
ߣīվڷϣ߻֡
ЦŵͷȥȻҪȥġ


258 ѵ
īˣ߱㽫߸Ե˵һ顣
Ҫȥ
Դīʵð֪ϼһֻϺ꣬ﲻ֪ʲô˼˵Ǵﲻ֡
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󺺶ʱŭˣһ䣬˫ȷ˫ȭƵı㳯ߺ
СӣҾȽ̽ʲô
һȭ㵽ߺС߶Ʈɡ
ЦżĴ˿
Ҳ֪˭˴ĵӣ
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ۿԼ谭Ĵ˻ǽһ⣬Ҫٴγ裬ȴȻ˫һ׶İĴʹû֪
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Ĵ󺺣ƺҲڸоʲô˳һԼȥ˫ȭʱɫҰֽ
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һУʹ轻ӣ촽
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ʱ߲ŴԼ֪⼸˵Ϊ׵ӦǾŷīҵܹܡ
ܹߴܹλõˣȻǼ򵥵ĽɫߵľٶȻīܹܶ𾪵˵
īܹܺȻʣܹ𣿡


259 һķ
ֻѡ
ƵĻش֪ʱҪ¶ЩֶģҪȻھŷЩﻹҪ￴²˵Ĵѡ
ȻһֱӽͬīҵĹܼҶסˡ
ðɣ˶䳡ǣǾ͹ȥɡ
īܹܿãȴûϱ۵顣
Ҳ˵ʲôСתߣ⼸ԭӭļȫ
ܹܴˣҪ𣡡
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ŷҲ֪Ȼʮ־СߵĽοˣȴҲ֪һֱĿ˼Ǻʧ顣
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Ŷ˵ô
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߶ʱһ㶣ЦЦһϰ˵ﶼܡ
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ʱĶŷЩͷˣѵСߵĸ羹Ȼôˣ
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³ǳŭˣֱȵĹغ«һǱü꿴ţֱܴ裬ӲһԺھ֮һʿԶ޷̧ͷˡ


260 
ھŷ䳡ϣΪӵܵĶŷɣʱȵŴ˵û뵽߻˵ǿơ
³ǿˮڵʵǿһˮ֮ʮֵĸߣ䱸ЩŮʿ׷Ǿôһķɣ˵˵׸жǿ
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оԼʧ̬ŷæѰ⣬ߵСߡ
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ŷǺôҲһзִܹӵܣʱȴҲ׵ĲˣˣѾżˣ켶ģһξŷҵˣʮа˾ҪٲõƿȨˡ
߶ŷɾȲᣬǱ߱һķɵ³Ѿŭ׻һ
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262 
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Ҳ֪ʱˣҴȥһ
ߵЩЦмУǻǮҲһܹĵ
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ͯһȵģѰˣһٶȻۿ۵ģϾսѾӽƴܵĳ̶ˣûͬȼˣʤʺСûС

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ߵǲϣͯһģЩЦá
˭֪û󹦷ͯӺȻһУȻߡ
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ͯ٩٩̸ƺȸ쾭ʮֵ˽⡣
ȸ̫ʥ޴ڣžܣȸ쾭Ǽ򵥵ͨţȸ쾭ǿԽģ֮

߶ʱһ񺹣˵޽ģǵû˵Ҳģͯ˵ģҲͼȥ
Ҫʹȶȸ쾭ңܹһѾˣڶҪڻԪʢĵطޱߵĻ֮ʶӶʹԭѾ뵽ʶ֮еľҪ˼ɱ䣬㣬ҲҪһ㣬Ҫ˽׵ķ壬ֻ׷ܹùɱ䣬ﵽƷ
ͯһ˵Ҳʵһһһ㣬Ҳ˵ܲܵסǻԪʢ֮أôѰҵģڵɾǳɹɹ˽٣̤˽پ
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˳Ľһлֱӱ˴̤գɳŷ


263 Ѩ
ѩοкȣ˹;ת׻ԵɷһĺôȻ󣬵ҲѵˣīҪһӡ
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ˣɽŷżǧľ룬Զɽıϸ˵ɽĵؽ硣
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ɽУһЩʮǿ޵ģԲп޻ء
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ֽӡôֻһֿܣоסµģ
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ϵĽӡճǲ߳ģΪֻŵľʮ֮󣬾Ծµġ
ҽӡҲһֱǰصһߵĽӡ
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һлȻʣǰԡ
һٶȣÿ߳һ˫Ⱦĵ⵽ڣҲǿȵķű仯
һģ߾ôײӲǽϵĽӡһ顣

һ飬ߺȻ۵ֱ⵱еԼƶѰܹġ
ݵϢƬ̣ҪЩһ飬ȴû뵽һЩԭʮĲӾȻʧˣ
ʱһɹ˲
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Ϣ֮󣬼ǰߡ
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뾪Щص룬ԽŲմصķŵǰƶ


264 ջ
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Сģܱ֮ͻϮˡ
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󹤷߾Ѩٴη˱ηֵĲҩĲϣˮ
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Сӣã
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ڷ֪ԼĳǿɽģŷͬһħǴʱȻ赲һһ˫ȭͷܹţ
ֻڷҲ޷ԼĶֵˣΪǰͬһ޷塣
磬֣ȥˣ
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޷ء
ȷһβûпס˵ֹ
ʱͼռ֮е˫ֿȥѪģѾֲָˣҲطˡ
ˣ˵Ĳᡣ
̣ܵ˺ɲǣ֮ѪѾʼٵ޸ˡ
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Ѵͼռ֮˳
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ܹ˵Էһ̾͸еԽУȻԼĸֵĽ
ڷûܵˣΪ֪һֱûгȫˣȻʩչȫʱԼ¾ļӳ¶һܹռϷ硣
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ĬƬ֮ڷȻڵȻԸ⣬Ҳòϡ
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ڷ磬ѵûʩչȫ𣿡
ĿЩŵʡ
ǰڷ磬ѵ˵ĺǿ𣿡
ڷ粻ֻǾĿߣЩûش̾ܿˡ
ôҪҪ򣿡
µʣݵĹϵ˿ѾϵĲˡ
Сӣ㵽ʲôȻǿ
ͼ֮УǳײˣߵȻȲϵʥ֮ͨǿ˵ѾĴˡ
۵ʻҲشֻǿǰڷ硣
ȻҪ򣡡ڷ糤һᣬֻб򵹵ˣûбŵˣ
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˫ʮָı仯֮䣬һɢʥâӸֳƯߵϣǴδʩչ꣬Ѫ硣
ʲô
˾ȵĿǿȭͷСĺɫӣ𾪲ѡ
ĹͨʿЩͬȻҲ꣬ǶͨȽϻʮֵѣһ۳꣬ǱȻһǿĴڡ
ڷˣȻ˵ʵܹذصʿ⣬ȴûдﵽĳ̶ȡ
ʵ֡
ڷȻ֪ʱٻģȻˡ
һʿۣȻԷ˵ҪʩչȫôȻҪٻսڷ϶࣬ʿʮֵ˽ġ
ѪɫѪ羲ߵߣȥۣܲһεƻ޷ɱֲϵһ
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Χ˫ᶯָѪ硣
ѪɫϺȻâһ˲Ǵ
ߵ굱̺ϢϣԼΪ˶ĸᣬѾȫԽһʿơ
Ǵ˲䣬Ȼ⽣ӰڻζĽһѪ֮չ·ѿ
Сˣһҹ
ƺѶĸˣѪĹʩչ֮ǰǡ


273 ߱
ڷɫ޲֪һξҪʩչǿֶΣҲκαĹȫӵ¡
ͬʱҲȫԸ
ЭһҪ
־ֱС
˶ŮǱʮ侲ˣһԣֻЭڷĽ߶Ĺ
ĹҲҪ츳Եģ˵ҲֻڷߣǾˣеĴʦ˵ڷʩչĹʮ֮һ
ڷʱ¶һϢţȥΰޱȣһɹеѹϢķɢ
ĸ˵۵һһ
ڼ˴߶ʩչʱߵѪҲ˯Ĺ¶צѪ֮չɲǼһǵصĽ
֮Х׵ɽУ׳ۻ֮Ǳɱ
ߵһʩչѪ磬֮ǰ򵽵ٽȻ˵ҲûлԵٽͨѪʩչ߶ԽĸԭٽѾ˲˼ɱ䡣
վԶ⶯֮£֮ХɽӣһƬɱ
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УΪ߱졣
򽣿ɶǬ򽣿߱ɱء
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Ȼ֮ǿ
֮ĶЩǰһֱΪ߸ԼĶ֣ϣƺ˲ٵܣĲٹ꣬¾ܹĸ׹̺ű߼ʡ
ಣ
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磡
ԭģû뵽ԷֶξȻ˹죬һʱ֮䵹Ǳǿѹסˣԥ
ûעʱϰԵĽȨڷ硣
ˣǾͲ˵ˣŮʵڷҪһЩʱȻҲҪڷġ
ڷɫأҲо˽ǿ󣬴Щ
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ȫһҪЩ󣡡
ڷȻȣٴһǰļơ
ڷȻǻȥҪƴһȻŽҲҪ
ҪӲǶ֮ǡ
˵ײɱЩˣĹԸֱԹǸѵö󣬿ϧǰ߱ʱڷ磬ҪȻǿԽѡ
ԴʱԷҪƴһܾ˵ĳ棬ߵǲ
ȻܾҲֻڷ뷨߼Ȼ֪ԷĹԼ޷ֵѾһΣôһȻҪöˡ
ԼĽŶԷȫ޷ܿġ
ǵأûͼռСǬ磬ڷ˸޷ܿĹΧ
һж磬ƺת˲֮䡣
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ۿĸһǰȻȻӭĽ꣬ĽΪǿһͷҲһȻ
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ΪСǬͼռ䣬ǿĳ̶ȳ󣬵ĿǰΪֹ߻֪ʲôܹͼռƻԵ˺
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274 
ԱߵڷĻʱǴʧɫƺʲôصһ㡣
һڷ˵޷ʱ磬ôܣһս
˶ŮҲɫɷף·սܾһʹľ޴һ㡣
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ڷ絭ҡҡͷ
ʶ㣬б˭ԷСǬ磬ԼûдСǬԶҲ޷ġ
Ȼǿ˶ŮȻͬģڷ缸ظĻ֮ҲĬԡ
ֵ𾴵Ķ֡
ǰĸ˶ĬߺȻðһʮĻ
𾴣
ڷһԳսܵˣûȨҲֵá
ȷЩĹ˵ĿУսܣζζ
սܣսԭһ衣
ǵҺ𾴣١

˳ĬƬ̣һ𲢼߸ǰ
ǼȻѡķսôһжʤߴá
ڷ˵·һĻ֮󣬾ı۾ƺڵȴߵ̧һˡ
һ㶣ӦĹսܺѡˡ
Ǻǣõˡ
߿ڷҲһԵ֣Σ
ڷȻһ۾һŵĿ⿴ߡ
ѣ
ԣ
ѡ
ڷƬ̣˵ͷ
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ڷԺвϵĻţǵʶУ඼ǽƻգĴʣ˵ľٶ
ǬɽʥأԺһȥġ
ңһԶ޾ɽӣڷ˻֣˳һȥ
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һ֮ߴ֮صǬɽϡ
֮ŵһ֮߱ɽϵļλŮ档
Ī롢˽ԴؿŮʮֻϲΧһͨҲˣһӲ˼֣Ϊͻơ
߽һ֮ÿŮһݣԼ͵֮ȥˡ
СӣɽͷһܣɫôŮ档
ͼռı۶ɵĸи
߲˵ֱʶָͯӷͼռ䣬ϼһ޷ӦһС
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ʱһȥݽչʮ˳ߵĻ͵̶ڷٵš
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٣ΪʿһսĿκ˶ӡ
֮У֪ŵż֮ǰʵʵãпܹһ
ʮ֮УߺȻĺĪһĵĲҡ
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Ϣͼռ䣬뵽ʥصĿռ֮С
ӭ̨ϣߴһӣżŮԦƳžŷĵطȥ
󹤷򣬾Ѿ˾ŷ
ʮ߸Ի죬պīԼǰִڵص۷ǵӡ
ȻߵŷʱǳǸīҲЩƨɵ̾ʹ
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īһĿ࣬кˣԲܹʹĶģҲȫǶͷֻҪסԷԼ¾Ϳˡ
СҲɺһ˹һʥصĽöˣʱЦĿ˻
л˵ī漴׼õĴͷǰ۷ǡ


275 ۷
һīĴͷƺһõҪǿ࣬װô˵ٶȴȻʮֵĿ죬Ӿ֮صºϣ˰Ĺ
ִ۷λݵ룬֮Ƶºϡ
ºԲ̲ˮºӴ޵۷ǣ۷ңңԵģִٲְȨٲõ
һεԵصԼбĿƶල۷ִֽУ˵Ҫף졣
۷ǣī𷨱һ䵽档
ûн۷ǣ߾̱۷ǺΰĽˡ
Ҳִٵĺڣ˿ڵ۷ǣ治һɽСܹģǸߴ׵ľ޴Լ¥ɷ豥ϵ۷־͸һָ߸ϲðĸо
һε۷ǣǿ۽硣
Ȼ˵ҲǼˣֳŵɷϢĽǵһμʶ
߸ִٵīȻ֤ͨīĴһ˵ʮ˳Ľ۷ǡ
УīסżŵִٸۡԼµ۷й䡣
۷УѾԿԲͬῡˣȺ߶ִٳǵķ֡
߳ʥصļŮ֮⣬ֻǰ鲻Ķŷˡ
ߵһεöŷɲӶĵ
Ϊģߴӵ⼸λɫ˾Ѿ˵Ŀⶼ˹
˵ֵܰ㵱޸ǳš
ŷߣݺݺ˵̲סиŵ
ȿȣŷɰǶá
ŷɶʱһƭԹĿ۾
һ˴֣𾪵һ°Ͳ˵Ṧ򣬾۷ǰ档
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λͣеĴỹаʱ;ˣλȤĻִ볡ȫޡ
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¾˳Ⱥǹӵ۷
һԷԱţһԵĶŷɶʱ𾪲ѣĺУѾ쳹⣬˲Ժյļų˵츳ѽʮؽǰ;
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˸ǰһ˵ӭݣ֪ʲôΪЧ͵ģ
ĺһָߵˣʶļѣҪһȥᡣ
ĺֻ˵һ룬СŮȻˣղ߼˷ѾＷʱȫˣʱ˵һоڲС
λͣ
СŮǰ·ƹ˴ţߵһ䣬СŮһȲȴɵš
ǹרͨ


276 ˽ϡ
ͨͨһ˺谭Ľ¥С
ʱڲƻͨͷܶѾΪ
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Ůײ֮ԵĶŷɡ
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ڱصõ飬ȻҲûʲô̫˵ģϾΪĵرģϵĴˮͻҲΪ׼ġ
οˮͻ֮⣬߻൱Ҳϵε۸ֻˮͻߡ
ڶɣ뵽ǰδеĸǽࡣ
½ĵһЩĵرʮֺģҲ൱ġ
ҲͲ󹤷ʮڵԪͱ˳ȥ
˴ֱʵôĵرŷɶʱЩζһԼﻹйζһؤ
˵ֵܰµֱʣ¾ĺжһܹһʱóɡ
ŷͣЩ۵Ŀߡ
ǺǣֻС˼ѡ
֮ôشȻǱŸ˰ԻζǲԼĵϸ˵ģȻˣǾͲɽֵมˡ
С˼
ŷֻʣºǺЦˣһ˦־ʮڵԪǵͽ׵ԪҲɽ繫ϵͨҰʮڣɲʮ
˵䣬ѾӽβһѹıҲŵչ̨档
һΣǴ˵θڣһѹıŵչ̨֮󣬾Ȼûеһʱѡչʾͽܱѡ˶ݵϢ
ʲôôϢ
ǡ
ſıɶء
в˶ʼˣչ̨ϵ˵򶨵ĺܣһЦеıʼնûиı䡣
ʲô˼гϢ
ͬʮֵĲ⡣
Ҳˣ˵¥ᲢûĹأǵһΡŷҲ֪ô¡
ʱĲԼСʱ֮
һѹᱦʼˡ


278 Ǿ
θ֮ǿɫѵĲŮ̧ͬһ¸ߵչ̨档
󣬰߹Ҳп鵤һ챦Ͼѹģô˵ҲҪõϵεĻɫҪȻԼƣ
Ϣ˰Сʱ֮ƴӵ˵
ȲŮѶŵչ̨ϣһ죬ʮĿ֮󣬱Ƕѹᱦļ򵥽ܡ
λҶ֪һЩ֪ʶһţܹһ꾳ּȥɾһŵı
մӵһڣ̨̨֮£ԶʿȺʱ
̤쾳ʿͨһ˽⣬ͨÿһ쾳ʿȥȥѧϰ䰲ĶȻ˵һЩ͵˻û̫ãǲҪˣʿҲڲϵĽš
һﵽ꾳ҪѰҺʵ
Ȼ˽Ļ֤ʵڳľ˵Ĳ²⡣
һţһλظί¥ڴ۳
˶һ£亱֮ȻǲܺЩƷȵģ˵֮ļ۸Ϊһڣÿβ뾺۵ķòܹǧ򡣡
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һզ࣬۶ѾһˣⱾؼ׳ɹ۸ʮǸ࣬ԼҪĳ൱ѡ
ǲ֪Ȿؼʲô
˵Ĺ
ȷȻ˵ıȽ϶࣬ΨؼԼȴδἰ
ҲֱӿڵؼΪǾǣص棬ǳ֮

жʱһ˿ʼС
ǳ֮
һ㶣뵽Լͨǳ֮һֱڣЩǳ֮Ľ綼ӡԺ֮Уֻǳ֮ռĲȫһֱôӣսҲʩչȱԭǿƵٽʩչ
ԭ߶㱧ϣģ˭֪ƫƫʱȻ˿ǳ֮ʵĺܡ
˵Ľ֮ߵǵࡣ
һؼͨʽͿԣҪרֶΣ屾ܸҪи֪֮ޱߵǳ֮е
һгڳĴȺ֮û˷ģȻûҪˡ
һǧ򡣡
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ߵҲû˵ôֱӣֻЦŵòǻܹõõġ
ŷƶǶӣҲ֪ߺ«ʲôҩɴͲˡ
Ȼ͹֮УμӾ۵˲࣬ҿҲô𾢣Щ˿ҲǱŸԿ̬ȣˣôתһ˵׬һʡ


һϡľ֮󣬾˶Ŀɿڴʱչ̨ϵĴ
ǧļ۸ؼ
ռĶ࣬һӣҲǹˣһ֮󣬻̾ûˡ
ǮûһεҲôˡ
϶ԣ䳡Щź
˹᷿ÿĻдһӭ
ֵĪܹӦǳ֮
͸¶־ȵĻУߵĻشǰЩί񣬲ûб¶ԼܹӦǳֶ֮Ρ
ò⣬˵Ҳһһõõ
һôشĻеҲһЩ롣
߳¥˵˼׻Ļб뿪ˣǴһ˻ס
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߲ɫȴǽʶɢΧûΪɵˡ
벻ǣһͨʶȻʲôûз֣
ѵǴ
߿ʼЩǲԼ񾭹ˣ΢һ紵ݶʮֵľϾԼ¥һ˦ôϧϣѾĬΪ˾޴С
ֽʶΧɨ˼Ȧûзκⶢҵˡ
Сʱһ˻ص˿ջס
صסͣĿʼǾ
һӣߺܿҲŪˣǾ˵ҲͺԪصؼûʲôΨһͬǣ޾ǳǳɾ;ǾΨһżԪؾܹͨϰ֮Ӧһ
޷Ӧǳ֮ôͺǳԵˡ
˭
ȻģӰһݣ˫һƿҲĴͿһӰһû


279 ɻ
һûĺӰȷˣһڰж
ҲģϾԼһԲμ߸ԵݳֵģѾʲôܣ˰ҪԽҲҪǿܲܳԵ¡
ӰѡߣȻԷǻЩ˼ɣҲ׷ϣоԼȸ쾭ûнΪ֮ǰоǾ˵ڱе¡
ҲоǾʱȺǹĻеĺ֮ۡС
үǸ˹ȻܸӦǳ֮
ʱ˵˿ݣһ۶ԴںɫĶñ棬վĻе󣬾һӰ
Ļе˫֣Ȼƽģ˵Ļüͷƺ˼ʲô
𣿡
Ļʡ
ѾˣǾ֮һɵһǴľμ߸Եġ
Сţ
ĻȻܾȣƺûϵ߾ȻԼɡ
ССͿɣɲʲô顣
ĻԹԵ˵һ䣬ȻܹӦͨǳ֮ôеıҪ
үҪҲҪһε߸̸Ҳ١
ҸһʵΣҵȲԱ濴ˡ
ĻзԸȥ
ǣȥ졣
˵꣬һӰ
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߸һЩȻǲòĵģϸĹԼĳʲôģȥᣬһȻīǰȥţȻԿʼ֮ǰϸĽ⡣
ⲻǾСоߣһˣʹѾƻ˵ļŮˡ
۷Ǻܴ󣬳вйоأִٵľ޴ۡܶϱĸĸַΪڳ˴ִٸۡŹΰ׳۷ǡ
ߵŵĵصڶһҴ;¥棬˴Ӷڳǿʼת
ʱǽʱڣ䲻ȣ˹ĵʮ⡣
ŷСӵܣƺĵĺһˣĲ˵ٺųʵŮһ𣬷ŵ˭Ƕ̵ġ
˵ֵܰǲ֪۷֮евٲòȥһľڣ첻ȥ
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ŷǰ·һ˴ھ޴ĳ֮䡣
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Ƿɻȣ
Ҳܾȣû뵽۷֮Уڡ
ۣƯ
Ů׷׾԰ŮͶһֶصС
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ŷɵ֪Ҫ߷ɻȣɲѵģԱиר볡ȯĵطֻг볡ȯܹȥ
һ㶣漴Ȼⲻνβҵô
󹤷һоͶһīɫӣʲôʡ
̤ϷɻʱеӶͬһʱʧˡ
֪Ϊ֮˶⣬ſľĻǰߡ
Ȫˮ֮£ʫ续ĻϣľɵΪ֮һ档
ŲٹʯڣƺҲԶĴڣʯ棬Ų̬ͬķŮ
ȻǺȥ
ϵ˲࣬евǰȥǰμ߸Ե꿡㣬ҲһЩСŮġ
벻ǣоȻһɵӵڣһʱ֮󣬶ʱ;ˬ

ţߺȻǰһһӰ

Ӱӵʱжʱһͻԭž޲ĶʱҲ޷
Ӱ׵ѩͤͤվ
Ǹˣûд
вͣĽ˫۲תĿţŲŲȴʼûܳɹ
·оעӣԶӯӯתһ˫µ߿
ˣ
ֻԴһ̡


280 ѩ
ߺʧ̬ʹ۾Լǲǿˣ˵˻ô
ȴûΪԷĻעӶƿ
ûдǸӵӰӣû뵽ﲻڶ
ʱ򣬰ŷڵļˣҲߵʧ̬
ֵܣôˣ
ŷЩԾʡ
ڴʱߵԺҲ˵ؿĴ
ҪСģ˺ǿ۾ǿߣ
ۣ
һͻʱࡣ
ؿжӦòûгȥ̽ԷϢ𽥱ƽ
ĿתעŮǺԼϤʶŮ֪һܲòԷʵǿ˼£۵ľǿߡ
˼ѸߵĶŷɵ֪۷ǳִ֮⻹ûۼǿߣ
ŷһ㶣漴ЦֵΪۼǿ߾˲ֵǮִٶûдﵽ۵ľ磬ˣ͸˵ˡ
Ȼûϵ۷ǵִٶۼǿߣŷһ˵ߵ뵽һܣŮӣѵ˵ˣ
ߵûʱ²ˣȻǰܲòӣѾ˰Ůӵע⣬ʱ߼߹
ͷͷ׼ãԷһ
Է⣬Ȼ˵γξ֮еŮ޵˼Ľһ˵ĸовҲһƴһġ
ԷǿҶֵĻкܴİյġ
۵ȻʧǺôҲưһ۾ǿߣձһ߻֪ġ
ʶң
ŮѾǰ촽ʡ
ƺʶּǲ
һԴǣߵû˵ٻ
Ŷ
ŮԼ촽䣬ǳǳ¶һЦݣϸֳΨС
Ѳʲôطң
ŮԼˮ续·ӣ̻Ϣ˵ĻҲһ崺ĸо
ߵͷȻҡҡͷ
ֻǺЩ񡣡
Ǻǣع˼ˣٺò飬һ·ߺԶ֮ˣһ顣
ССɽϣɶǣ֮ء
˼˵˳
ɽɶǵĹϽɶǣڽ׸˵˼Ҫ޷Ǿ뿴ܹܲǵǾȷˡ
Ǻǣ벻ǽ֮أ뵱Ҳ֮أйһ
ŮתĿ˵
˵Ļ˵Ķо޴˼أǵյʱ֮ˣȻ޷ס
вɵһ⻰˵Ĵ⣬ʱôˣҲö˵ѡĬ
ƺǶߵĳĬͣŮһЦСֵܣԵټ
˵գŮתȥ
ֵܣû뵽ŮԵ˺ðôʵŮ㶼ʶ̫ˣ
һԵĶŷȻ˵Щɶǿ̸൱죬ʱ߸ӵˡ
˵Цˣֻйһ֮Ե꣬Ѿǵá
˼ʹѻ⳶ŤͷһȴÿԶĻжһ߹
Ļӡ
ǰֵ
ĻкǺһЦЩ˵ɻ
ֵܹȻǴ֮š
ĻһͷԵĻתˡ
Ŷ˻

ĻŬŬ죬ŸղȥǰŮӵ˸ɫ˵֪ݡ
á
һЦ˵ҵ治֪
ĻһЦ⣬Ȼߡ
Ļӣ˭
ԱߵؿһֱɵԷ۾Ŀֲʵ¿Ļ֪˳
ǺǣһȫȨ߸Եˣ˳Ʊѩۣʮ۾֮һİױ
Ļ˵ЩĶŵӶЩ˷ˣȻǶλѩҲĽѾá
ѩۣ
ʮ۾֣
ȫȨִ˴߸ԣ
һըԵϢ߶ʱЩ㱣ʵû뵽ԷȻǿݡ
߾ȵı飬Ļʶױʵ
㵱治ʶ
档
£ֵĻоˣȻʶô˸ղ˵νͣ߸ϵĵ۾ֻһСϵʿڨ
ҪңʵҲͿԶ࿴˼ۡ

ĻжʱЦ˸е
ͣϵĺڵΡ

ĻдЦֹ·𱻵ЦѨ
˵ҵǴѲ
߼ߣĻĵʧ̬Цǰϡ


281 ӢŻۡһ
ɻʵѵһ쾰£һļŮӶһ·һ·С
⾰ɫȴû˶͵˼ױĳ֣Щ˷磬ȻⲢȫΪױǳϢµӡǡ
ΪױżȻ֣߲Żߵ졣
Ȼ֮ɵ·ֻ֮ܳΪ㣬ȴһոµ磬˰ױ߻һӣֻƫƧСɽ壬գССׯ硣
ڵߣԵСɽޣѾ췭ظı仯
һżǽȻͬһȻͬѤ羰
⵱Ҳ޷ȴױľ绪
֪֮Լ˳ɾͣͬ˵ǺһЩӵȶѷɫڱѩ۰ױǰȻһСϵĴڡ
ڰױֻ˵һ޷ĸУʱ򣬵ͬɶʦ
ȻҪʮ۾ǿߵ£Ҳһ׵顣
˼ӣĲɵڷɻȹ˴죬ֱɫתŻصס
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ʡ
Ҳô˵īΧݺݺľɫŮӣѲԾĽ߶˺ɫꡣ
Ҫִٸۡе䳡ʶ֤ͬʱĵһݡ
īȻһε߸Խʮֵӣһ˵ıϾͿԿĳһн߿ȥޱȡ
ֵܣʱؾΪ
īһٶĶߵʱ򲻾ľҪ֪һīҵŶ֮Уʵǿģ߱Ϸ̬ȣôīһٲõƿȨļʾСࡣ
Ȼ
Цݵĵ
˾ͺãϻͶŷɻС߹һͬҵķһ£ЩҪ˵
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³һȻ͵ˣʱ٣һֵĲ˳ۣǺ޹˼ɵдϡ
ǣ´ӣǾõˣǲ˼
ߺǹģǴ³ǡ
СߺͶŷɶߵ˼һԲס͵Ц
ߣСٵ⣡
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Ǻǣ⵹ǲڣһҪȰһ䣬ûҳ顣
³ǿ߲˳ֺۣγǣһԼˮڵĺˣѱ˷ŵúõĽѵһΪµһˡ
˫ҩζʮ㣬һԵīЩˡ
λ¿ɲǶʱ򣡡
ī˫ǿѹס
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īڣ³Ҳò֮ƿߵӣǿԼѹŭŤͷȥߡ
հѸλеλһ㣬һ壡
ԼڲìһֱīĲߵǿʮģζܷ³Ҳǳ͵ĽɫˮڵĴʦ֣òȱһɡ
һεľϷ򴧲⣬ȻŶЭһλͿϷϣìҷһţīٲõĿȨһŵλı꣬˽֮λʲôԹƾʵһҲ١
һƬžûһ
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һᣬīɤӵҲλ˵ˣһνϷʮֵĿأλӰīҵĴƣϷ򲻸ұ֤Ρ
вЦīԵǶʩڲìʱѹƣһֻҪ߸Խ
һ뾡취ãڻ᲻񻯻߰䣬ȫīῼǵ⡣
īľǣзִ硣
̬߱ˡ
³ǴʱȻвݣȴ޷Ĩīӡ
³ԵΪȡΪҾ֮ȡٲõƿȨ
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ֻīһӣжһСӣӴ򿪣ͼʮɫƿ
ǵؼʥشֻҪһϢڣ֮᳹׻ָһһţԷһ
˵գɫƿӺзɳÿǰһ
лī
īķ䣬ȻǺС߶ŷһıߣص֮߹Ϸţڷﲼһ򵥵󷨣ϥĵĸ˽ó
̿߻ڴˣκαпܷοԼûһֵıԵƣ˵ӽʱһЩĵرԱͻǿϼ֡


282 ӢŻۡ
һҹ޻ڲϵĵر
һֱĵر߲֮۾ȻЩĵرҩܶʱȫգԸо˺ܴı仯
棬С
չһ½ǣ߳ţߺȻֶŷɺС߻ŮӶˡ
ôţ
ȫؾصվſļŮжŷɣ°Цʵ
ڷ䲼˷ȻȻܴŲǡ
ƽĵؿЦ˵

һһ˵Цŵһ¥緹ǰλ۷ִٸۡ
е֤Ҳõĵִٸۡ޷ȥ
۷ǵĴСȻַˮĽֵԼʱĹһΰ׳ִٸۡǰ棬ߴͥһǰδеţһڲͬĸоǰʲôûǴʱ˿վִٸۡǰ棬ȴȻܹ׼ȷĸоȨľ޴ѹϢ
߰ɡ
ڸߴĴǰվ˼ӣ
ʲôˣִٸֹۡ
ոսӽ׵ש·ֹ̳
߸ʶǼǵģ
߽īȥ
֤ƵʱĽʶչжϳʵٶصľ硣
Ȼ򵥣ֲִһ֮ȨĴŵĶصĸ֡
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ɣߡСߺͶŷƵĿͨУλŮͳͳסˡ
ҵѣɷͨһ£
˵ţִͼռץһĵĵ˳ȥ
ֽӹȥҲͷˣҲβ
ðɣȻѣôԽȥҿɾǣִٸۡһжҪأɱ֮ݹûǡ
Ȼлλ磡
ߵͷӦ󼸸ש̾͵·븮ۡ
˸ߴĴţڲһֺ뾰̨ͤ¥ȱȽǣСˮӳ֮䡣
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СС
ǺǣִٴȨȻһܹģ˺ĸۡһ͹ˡŷЦ˵
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˵䣬ͿԶһ˴С߹ʮǲǰμ֤߸ʿ
˱ˣһ·Сˣѹı㵽λڸۡľ޴䳡
䳡
緿ݵǶ䳡ǰ߸ߵʯǽϣһοյ̣һƮƮ乭ִңָ񷡣
䳡ȻʿأȻܹߵģʾ֪Ǹʲôˡ
䳡䳡ϵûжˣΪ˽յֹʿǰϰˣǿԿСӵѲʿټ䳡ߡ
䳡мλãһЩʩЩʩΪģмѾ໥һ𣬿ЩŮӢ˲˵һһ߸Եˡ
ãһ֮¾ʹҵ˼Ϥˡ
Լ֮Ȼɬ𰣬ƺھ֮óࡣ
Ψʫ¶磬Ȼſȸߣڸǣƺܺɫʱһ˫۾ѰŮ
ЩϤˣһиţĿʱǨҲ֪Ƿ񻹼ǵá
Ѱ֮£ҲܿҵīӵľľŶӣ³ǵѾˡ
Ǻǣ˼ǵҡ
ЦǺǵȥīԹ֣һЩ֤īѯʡ
ʵߴ󸮵ݺ׷ֱ棬Ϊʱ䳡ˣÿ˵ĴŶʮֵĽ˶еݱ
ٻϸ־Ϊɫ¡
ɽฮɫˡ
׸ɫƶ밵ɫ潻㡣
ľҲһһ׭ַĵķӡ
ฮɫ
̴˵Ҷݡ
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һȻڿյ䳡Ѹɢ
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˵ĳ֣ʹ߸ԾҪʽʼ˶һ׼ӭӵһĿ顣


287 ءһ
ױĻƵĵʽ˴˴߸Ļ
ʿһſĻƾӺ벽ȻǽȫȨ˱ѩ۰ױ
ȻôЩ޷ֱӣվһµһķ羰
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288 ء
ߵһͷԵľֱˣʱŵòᣬһˣֱȡǵľʸ񣬵ʱī̿ҲҪˡ
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û˼ˣǻǻȥɡ
Ī뿴ſյĹ㳡ʥˡ
ǺðɣҲûʲôˣȥҲá
߹㳡ϣѩ۰ױ˸۾˿һ˵Ĺ㳡ԭؿһռͨ漴ʧ

ȥٵۣĻһۣԼʥ۷Ѿܾãȴʼ޷ͻһżʱҪȥѰٻԵˡ
ţλݵĵһȨˣҲƮȻȥ
ֵܣǸôߣ˸ˡ
߳ûãŷɾʡ
ߵǲΪ⣬û˸Ǿˡ
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ڹ㳡ϼʱö˶ˣ֪ʶ׷ߵĽŲҲֻ֣ľһˡ
˵̫ˣϽصλá
Ҳ⣬ء
ڶľͷϽȥɣ
߹һЦֱ׳һλ


289 ء

Щôһ˵Ҳʱˡ
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ѵǼٵģ
ԣһǼٵģ
һ죬ȴ֪Ǻá
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ʱ߲ŸоһʱصλǶôҪˣҪȻͷӬһײεĽü궼пܡ
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Ѱһŵĳһ򵱹صĺǰ
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ѰгһָСĴӱҰȺ֮д
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Դ֪˶ѾλõϢ֮߾Ҳû·Ի뷨ֱӻȫŶķǰ
ʱշпɲ˶ܳԵģһͣͣ·ϸ˷˼鷳˵ͻȻ֮һƬɶҲˣֻ˵ԭƽ̹·϶Ȼ֮䶼һ߸ߵľɽˣȵȡ֮ҪͨҪһĶ⣬иӿɺ޵ǣ֮еĪľͲһ˷˺ô󹦷ҵʱ򣬺Ȼĳһ۵Ľ˯
˵ԭֻҪ첻ʱ䣬һ졣
賿ĿĲڡ
˵ͨһеĴǲ֪ΪδͻȻ֮ʧԭͨҪͱǰķϵӡ
ľͷƺǴ˵ͻȻʧɹųǵλá
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ŷɲ²
ͬǷľͷ뵽
Σȵ˵
ǱȽʵģҷЩƲ⣬µ˸ǰȻˮʯ


290 ءġ
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һϮһĴ̹Ǳ߶Ȼһͣ޷谭ǰĵ·

һѩѵĴ죬Ｘʮ׵ߵһͻڲ


һ𣬾ĶԱһײײľ
ȣЩ˵ԵǱ࣬һıеҪ˱飬촽ϣֽŷ
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ãĿ꣬ϵı
°ױ˵ϵıһصĵһͷĪˣȻ˵ฮȽˣǵ˲ûе룬ûõġ
زߴ󣬾棬ԼߣΪ˲㣬˵Ͳʲôأһ

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ǰ³ѵһߵһҲò߱Ҫɫˡ
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ߴͷľ޴ǽ


292 ء
ߵĵǺеģฮ˽֮ûпӰӣпҲ֪ıõ˱õ֣ⶼпܵġ
۹ʧȥ˱ζųΪ׵ˡ
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293 ءߡ
ܱ˷֣ԽԽҵţ˳ͻƽ
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ΪǷ֣Ѿõǿâһֱûг֣
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߳ףһݣڿն
ಣ
ǷɵջصҽõַͶҲޱȵ졣


294 һػְ
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߽õ֣˶׷Χ
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ΧһɻǷŭĿ⣬ĶʮֵЦ޷޷а취ǡ

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Ҫ֪ģǾʤĹؼ
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ױƺܸˣЦеŮ̬ûһĸ߸ϵ
ãôְͻǵħ棬ͬʱҲеڶصϢԼ򣬺һһӵϢʱ䣬Ȼʼ
۰ױ˸ССǷС죬ವһֲˡ
ħְֳ
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ϸһ㣬صĻòƻܶ࣡
ǺǣŮˣϷĸְ
߲ɵòпױһ۲۵Ϸ֡


295 һçԭһ
ΪʲôҪѱﻻ
ʱ˶֪İѱﻻˣҸ޷ǵǷˡ
Ҳûлְ
ߵһ޹·ǻֵûϵƵġ
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ϲ֮ĽشһԲǧĻԭһçԭһçԭŨĻԪؼۣö֮һçԭһ顣
һȻǻ壬ȴҲŲɻԪ֮𽥳ɳɳϵһ飬ھͻγһŻ顣
̺ŴĻԪ֮ڻɱ˳ɳڰϵһ飬ܹռ飬һϵȲϡ
һγʶԵĽϣǵڶصˡ
ڶҪܼ򵥣ʮ֮ھܵĻȡ飬һŻһ֡
һЩˣǲܽŶ֮κ߳֡
ڶǿԴŶжȡ飬ȻǰʵһУֵùעһǣвûбע¼
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߿һûעʱˣɽеɱ˶ᱦƺݡ
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Ȼ߲ˣҲ֪Լڵڶһгʵı֣ôȻͺĹۣȻĿǰ֪һҪٹصĽ𣬵һ·ȥһϣûˡ
Щ˶ʱѾܰճƣһֱѭ浸صȥע̭
˿ԣսƷķ֣õĶС䡣
ҲעĿΪʵʵĶ
ǺֵΨһݣ˫֮ѡ˾Ϊܹ޶ȵĻȡ飬ȻõĽսƷǿǹеģ⵱Ȼǰˡ
á
¶綼ûҲʮߵĻʮе
ŶӵĽ˴ɣ򵥵һ֮ԻȥԼŶж
һӵϢʱܿ͹ȥÿŶҲ׸·Ҫԣʱ䵽˲䣬׷׼ԦзֱԤضߣת֮䣬ǰѾûһӰ
˶뿪صʱϿһĨӰ֣ԭ˵İױٶȳ
ֻλһӣ޴ظѸС󻯳һɫâ뵽۵Ĳ


296 һçԭ
ϲ߽磬֮
ݽش۷·һɫ磬һɫĳɫһʮֲĸоеĻԪʱʱķŰϢżɼһӰзٵĴʧ
ǻ磬˼ݷŻϵǿޣֲĻֲǺ׾ͻ緢Сͻɽгһɴ̱ǵζ˿̤һС
һçԭ
ǰһƬĺһĴɽͣһԵĸп
Ȼ飬ܹõʥأҲ޷һçԭ֮ء
Ŷӵ˶ĬĸżǿС̤һԭĵؽ硣
ฮһǰѾˣǶԻԪغϤһοҪռܴıˡ
ĳòܲˣû󹦷˾Ѿ䤱ˣ׷׿ʼ߶ԪֿԪصĳȡ
ߵûһĸоĹ֮˻־ʱԪ֮ĴϣûκβʵĸоһЩС
ѾһľˣҪĶȵһҪ࣬ŶЭǸ˵־鶼УҪɱһû鲢׵顣
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ϵһ飬ͷǣ»һƣֱʮ׵ġ
Ҳϵһ飬ʿԵĲôǣһֱҪ߶Ԫάֲ濾Դ˵ǲСĥ
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ɿɿҪ˵ǲǵ⣬˭Ҳ뿴ฮһ˶Ŀǰ־滹ǲģǶɱȻǹˡ
ߵǲ¶ǷĺϺؼ˵Ĺϵʡȥܶ鷳
ʶ̿һǰһעΧһж
ڻԭϵĻܶ࣬ǶһЩδɳС飬ɱҲûлáЩС鵹ʮ־йԣ˲ٵ鷳
ѡ·ԼߵķĿԵģΪܹ֪ԪǿķλڣȷڻԪǿĵطʮа˾žͻǿһڡ
һçԭϵĻεڻԭϵĹ꣬ΨһڵĿľɻԪأһطһطЩеػ֮ĵطܻۼĻ顣
ѡһƬֵϽһ
ǰתԼλÿܻһڣСˡ
Զʱ߾ѾоǿҵĻԪ֮ڶҾƶϣֹһֻһ顣
ǰǴƬƬɫĲ֪ʲô֣ڳһĻԭϾȻҲܹïʢֲڵ˶ϱ߳һ߿ľ޴ҶƬƻҶɫ
ǰת֮С
һʮС֣ͿһȺȫëͨĻų𣬴һ硣
ЩȻͽϴ󣬵ֻǽΪͼޣмʮֻҲҶԳİ˷
˻߼ӿ첽Ӳݡ
ڴλã߿һԼԲ׵ҽƮģͬһ顣
ֲûǿңȻֻϵһ飡
ҽֻͷϳŶԽϴһ飬߰οٽ
Ȼܹ֪ķλǶԿûϵͨĻۿۣҲǺܴı׶ˡ
ۣô࣡
Ա룬ŴССһ飬Ȳѡ
׼սסǣˮϵͨȫʩչȡսپ
ȫעѰͻƿڡ
ʱҽеһǣ׷Ʈ档
һʮǿĹԣκ̤صﶼΪǵˡ


297 һçԭ
߾ͨԪ֮ԻĵֿҲͳĸߣ˵һעѵѡ
µľŸȻǾˮԪ֮˲ֻ࣬ҪǻԪأôͨɱǲݺӵģʮ˶Կֻһ飬ô˵Ӯľ档
ɳһ൱˾ʿߵĶгԱʵô⣬ӽ˽پĸ֣ҲصˣЩʵϵ͵ĶԱһ鹥ҲǺ۵ġ
˵һΪҪһڡ
ҷɢеһĿϣ
߱վǰ棬һȳĿߣ׼ʱһݣֱʩչȸ쾭еȸ
ŵͿգߺԥҽתơ
ಣಣ
ȫʮֻһѸٱ׷׵תͷĿꡣ
һźƵΣͷҲнţͻУﵽ˰ϳɳһ飬ͷһǣöܹͷŻϵͨŵ»лơ
˻ƣһķٶȻظӵĿ죬ӵѸݡ
ȸչһųȵĻơ
߾һȺһͷһڵͿУһ׷ĲϴһĻͨ
ⴿһŷݵϷҲʹЩһûܹǻۣĶԱǿԺ޷ĽͨЩһ϶صǻͷԼ
ûʲôںͼɣԼʱ֮еһ鶼
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һ鱻֮ΨһܹµҲǻˣڲɳһ飬鶼ûУǱֱ֮ӻɻԪ뵽С
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һο۵òᣬʱĳʮֵĴ󣬲ڶԻԪ֮ľͨϣ˵ĻظٶȵҪࡣ
ÿһμ߸ԣ׼ģԪĵҩ׼Ĳ٣Լһ֮󣬻϶ظĲˣʼ
ѰһܷζҪо飬֮Ѱұüࡣ
ܹ֪һĴڣһ¾ฮҲ޷
ʱ֣ߵŶѾռжʮʱٴκϸˡ
ѡķģĲԶ
ǵջ񲢲룬ȻҲһ飬ǺȣսСֻ࣬а˿Ż飬ߵһ롣
߲ûԼջ̾ںѰҹкһ·
ʱ򣬲ϸ˻ǾߵˣߵʵͲһֱź߸һܵ³ҲóϷ
³ȻԴĿˣɲɵӣҲһֱˣʶǿʵ֮ѾԼ仹ҪСȴԶԶԽԼһĪľη
Ķ飬̾ߵĴڣȻһߵ³ЩЩѾҪˣڶĻǽᱣ־Եơ
ϾͺˣҸȫһĵطϢһ°ɣϵһçԭҪΣյĶࡣ
Ȼоһçԭ֪һçԭϻʲôµĶ֡
ðɣϢء
Ҳͬ⡣
ѰϢزѣ󹤷ҵһ൱öһ֮Աĵطһɽȣ൱ûҽΧʯҲ󲿷ֶǽɫܵĳ죬лǼһһյζ
򵥵ĴһЩȫʩ߷Ѷš
֪¶ǵϢĻ˶ۼһһѡ
Ѷŷʱ䲻¶ԼĶˡ
¶żǿıרԪ֮ԻĿã˵սҪǺ࣬ε¶һ·һ龹Ȼǳ٣ֻջʮŻ顣
Ѳߣﲼһ󣬿άֲܻϢš
¶粻ǾͨԪ֮ɵı⻷ɽΧŴõϢӪز˱󣬱󷨲Χʱˬࡣ
һڻ޴ڵĻԭϱһ־飬һ˶ƣ۲򵥵Ĳ֮󶼷׷Ϣ
ߵûж˼һѡǰҹѲߣ档
ҹȺ˸ȸĿϵ˴壬վһĴϣкȻһ顣
һçԭϣ᲻ܹԼͨȸ쾭ǿ֮أ


298 һçԭġ
ʵԴһçԭһçԭϻ᲻ܹȸ쾭ǿ֮ص뷨һֱߵԺתƣʱǸҽܲΪԲ
ҽΪǿҲǰϵһ飬һçԭϣϵһ鲢ʮǿⷽԲǧһçԭ֮ϣ±ϳɳһǿĴڱȻܶࡣ
࣬оƬΣûܹȸ쾭Ŀܣ
ֻǲ²⣬׼ʱ򣬾ͯӡ
ͯһֱͼռ棬ڵĻȻʮֵ˽⣬˵ͯӾ͵ͬһǵ򲻵ѣͯġ
мҪȴﵽ˽پſԡ
ͯӺܿ˻ش
Ҫȵ˽پһ׼ǰõôĵرҩкôһֵҩûгգǱعƣЩҩϣҲԳ˽٣кܴļ̤˽پ
˽٣ʿ֮·ϵĵһĪѹء
ʿﵽһ̶ȣصעӣ콵ܹĪĽ֮ٵôһոµ̣һǿĿʼ
˽֮вʧܣô˵ĻΪ˼һʱ֮˽پ
νļ˽٣˽٣ȴûܹɹɹȥʵҪûжɽٵʿҪǿ󣬵ǵڶεĶɽ٣ҪԵĻǸǿӿֲ˽١
Ȼ֪˽һصе˵ںǰͿʼ׼ˡ
ΨһеûյǣԼûмķԼֿһ棬߿νû˿ơ
ʱҲûкð취Ͼõķô׾ܹõģԽǺõķԽҪԵ
˽Ų
ûͷֻǴƮĵѬζ߾֪˭
ôϢ
ûתͷȥֻǵʡ
˯š
ǰ߲վţ̧ͷǿա
һӲɬŮҲѾ˾ĸˣʵʣԼ֮ľߣ˺ܴĳɳʱҲͬ˲顣
Ϊʲôīң
һҲʳͬ⣬˲ٵˡ
ߺǺһЦ֪飬ֻȨ֮ƣ㿴ϰµô
𰣬ߺ̹ȻҪȥʲôҲ𰲻ʲôΣ

ͷȻΪԼ˽ߣһ㻹ܹģұħ¼Ҳ˵֪һΪˣΪīıȡٲõĿȨĵ
֪絽ж𣿡

⻰ʱߺǾȣʵ벻ΪλͻȻһ
ѵνĴ½ô
ߵ֪ƺĴ½ŷٸĵޱߵĻ֮ԼĻ֮ĸңԶĵطȻˣȴҲûгĴķ롣
߲ǣЩĳʶӦñҪŶԡ
ߵĻشȴҡҡͷ
֮⣬ңԶĵطŸӾ޴硣
߲ɵһѵ˵ĴҲһ֣
ңԶĵطӾ޴磿
߲֪˵ʲôɲΪֻڸ粢۾ô
ǵģ֪ϲ࣬һųǻ۵壬ǵľۼأ˿ǵĴ½ǺսɱŰԡ
ƺģȴʮֵĸӡ

֪һЩʲôֻš
ĴڣһǺɵģҲĻȻֻҪ˵Щ
㻹ǵң𣿡
ңǸܹƿԤʯСкߵȻǵá
ңǰЩӿۣһЩµĶ
ʲô


ĸֵʱ߶ʱЩȻˣĴƿߣıѵ˵ζĴ½Ҫ
ֱѾúˡ
ƮϿյģһ졭
죬죬ǰòǴ˵ģ죬ܹӪ
ѵ˵ӪҪѣٶɨ磬Ϊô
к̵Դ
һֱСж̣߽Ӵˣ̵֪Թκ˶Ҫ̵̣ĸˣһʯصѹŮĿڡ
ҪģȻЩ鶼ģҲܹصѰҵһ
֪ʱԼӦҲܹ˵κɥĻ֮˵ô࣬޷пߣҪģֻ⡣
ϾĴĴƣڵܹҵġ


299 һçԭ塿
ڶ죬ŶӲûзֿߣǺϱһǿĸ֪¿ʼ˶һķɱ
죬һ쵽ĳฮ飬øϳฮһȺһߵϺԥļսš
˭ɱ˾˭ģһӹɣǳฮҲ޻˵
붯䣬Ȳ˵Щһ飬Ŷӵ˾Ѿóฮ˴˺Ƕͷ
һ֮ǵ˲ٻ顣
ۿһʣûֻฮ˸ɴһԲ뿪
ŶӣҲмպɱһĳûмŶջ񲢲롣
ʱɵţתȥֻһçԭͣʱҪˡ
ʱҲѾ뵽һçԭڲһԽԽǿ󣬲˶ڣܹ
ǰʱ֣鵽һǸո緢ĻɽǰĻɽҺҽ̵ƬһĵرȻȣȻ緢ã·ɵķ۳˲òñķ⽫Щҽ塣
緢ĻɽڲǿĻԪ֮ĸоһһߵĴڡ
Ǿȥ
˶ͣԭأԼʩչȸŻɽڵλ÷ȥ
ɽھͻɽɽ߹ǧףռҲʮ־޴Ҫɽ·ɵɽҲҪ൱һʱ䡣
Ҹоɽ֮ŷǳǿĴڣһ·ɵʮСģʱעΧĶ
ɵĺܸߣ·߮һӸ߿濴ȥһյյζĵƻ
Щһʮǿкö඼Ǻüɳʵʱ߷ƺž޴Ļɽڲ궯ţжĹ켣ƺҪ嵽ɽȥʲô˼һǻڻɽڵΧϽȥ
һĻ߾͸Ӿˣѵ˵ɽ֮ĵЩǿһ鶼Ϊ־Ķ
һûƵʶǵͺϡ٣ѵûʱֳ־壬ʮа˾־ıԴһֱܡ
ܵĿ־壬ô߼Կ϶˵޴Ļɽ֮Уһǵһ
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˻ɽϷԿ޴ĻɽȻпյģһԲһĿռ޴Ļɽɽ֮С
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пյɽ֮У߿˸һ飬ǼǳȺӵĴڱӿҽ֮䣬ƺæµʲô
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һô޴һԾģĶʱ߾Ҳˡ
ɽ緢һçԭϵµһŻʹеһ鶼ò궯
ʱٿЩæµһ飬ˣһЩһǸĹ
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ܹһĵطһǻԪ֮ۼǿ֮أѡȸ쾭ȫԣ
Ҳ֪ĿǰȻǲеģԼûдﵽ˽پ˵ôһһֲһͲĿǰܹӦ˵ġ
ˣҼסط׼һʧ
СɽתһȦ߱ԭ·ء
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ȥ˵еһ飬ֻ˵һӴ޷ȡԪؼ۵ǿ֮ؼпܻǾصأǱһ㣬߲Ų֪
һҪһЩǿ֪ʮа˾Żǰɱġ
߶ԻԪص˶֪ģô˵Ҳûʲô⣬Ͼʱ䲻ˣץȡһ


300 һçԭ
ѽּ
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ģСˣʲôֶΣԼԲӦ䣬ʱвоǣ㲻ɣ
ߣ
һ֣ŶҲ˻ɭ֡


301 һçԭߡ
ɭ֣Ȼȫǻɫĸôܶ˶ϰߡ
߶ԻԪ֮ߣҲۿһƬĸоôáǿս˵Ŀ֦ҶżһЩڵϻ
ɭ֮еֲﶼָߴĺɫľΪĳҲЩ̺˻Ԫصݡ
ֱǻľľľһǾܹϵ״̬ĻԪϢ˵ֻҪлľĴڣƬɭ־Ͳᱻĵ
鶼ߵıȽɢ׸˳󣬾˳ңǵ̺ʽƽ
󹦷߾ǰ湾ཹེˮðݵ
һçԭϣɭֵĵطҽҽĵطһۼѾһĵĹ涨ʱðݵ˵ҽˡ
ҽζһ鲻٣ֲð׸˲Ŀ
ʱо˺üֲ²⣬кܴĿܾǰǴߺǣסһ飬ȻܻдΧĹֶΣʱһЩһ顣
ҺǰѾ˵ȻǺõսƷҪ԰֣ǰóǿɱҲƫǡ
ˣ
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ҽǰǸҽҪϲ٣㷽Բһзڵҽϵһ߶ߵҽ˻
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302 һçԭˡ
ǰһֱɻΪʲôܹ𣬴ʱٻ߾Ͷʱˡ
ĴϼԺȸĶڣǿĺܹ֮һУǳޱȵĻ棬㹻ǿܹһ½ȫ⣡
ǺεȵܣʱȻ˵ֻӵٻһбλѪǾֻһ㣬Ѿ㹻ǿˡ
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߽֮ʩչԪصĴڿг֮󲻾ã߷һ˾ϲ
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СٻģôܾǶԿκκΪеĶ
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ӿ֮СǱȺĽһֻֻһдϵקԪ֮档
ڣ൱һʱ֮󣬵һֻһ鱻ק˽ȥ
޴һû˻Ԫ֮档
ֻһһץȥ߶ʱ͸оСȵı仯Ȼһ˿ϸ΢ı仯ǱϾСǺͨķȻӲĸ֪
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ʱȻ˭˾˭ģտʼνֻǸˡǰ׸ĶԱǣǶ԰ٱСħŮ˽ʮ̵ġ
˫Աļ룬սĲҲѸټӿ죬һ鱻Ѹɡ
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̶̰ʱĹһȺϰֻһ龹ȻŶӵ˳ɾ

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һΣջ޴
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ʼҪ֪СȵԪõǿ֮󣬻һʲôĽ


303 һçԭš
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Ŷӵ˶ԻصԼĶ棬һɱˣ˫Ҫ̽һ¹սƷˡ
ʵĴǱ߲µĲģȷǿɱֶΣû뵽龹ȻʱûаԼ˼·ȥߡ
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һܣһؼ
ԭͨһϵһЧԣǴʱһϣ߾ͲòСˡ

գ֮䣬ʨ˫צѾصĴһһ档


304 ˼ʽ
ʨһͬڻԣ໥֮սûȡɵĳɷ֣һʨ׭ٻĻʨҲŶԿǿߵʵ
ʨͬӵʵһһƴȻǶ൱
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Ȼ˵ʨڶԿһʱûƣ߿еȻƣǻʨһʱ򲻴ơ
Է׭Ȼ˵һž޴ɱȴһʱȴͬŲɱƴڡ
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ˢ
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һ֣趯צӴһĺֱ֮Ӷ׼һ
ҲϵĲٿ֮ɵһһ顣
֮ŵĻ֮ԽԽǿ󣬵ĻԪؾҲԽԽǿһٶȱࡣ
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306 ˽ٽ٣
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ο߸һֹıȥпܾڽһؿ֮ˣҲģһ˵»ΪīȡᣬûõһҲνӦīֻμ߸ԣû˵Ҫȡùھ
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307 
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308 쳾
ݵļӣ߾ЩĹʽҵ˺ʵĿư취
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ΪǰѾϤĳɫһƬīɫ
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˲䣬ߵԺޱȣ
쳾һ쳾һضˡ
֪ʲôʱ򣬰ױѾɿߵ֣ʱƯϿգ˫޲Ķߡ
û뵽˽˫ξȻ㿴ˣǿϧԭŶһأǲˡ
ױʱһģȥһʢʻ
Ȼ
˽˫Σ
ߴĦʣȻԼʱ˿һжõξ˽ٵһ֡
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ղŵıѩǺ쳾ʱȻ
쳾һΣһΣ˽˫Ρ
֪ԼʱԾУǻ۵Ķξ֮УûʱڼȥһѪٻ
ӲΨһĳ·
ಣ
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Զǧ֮ĸɽ֮ۡ
۰ױһŭݵһçԭλá
⣬Ȼ֮Ϊɽ٣ɶ񣡡
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ǳ£һ߸ϵǿ˵£˿¶Ҫǿߵŭ
İױȴڰͣ
ֻüͷ֮ȻŭɢֳЦ
ҲգСһﵱһǲѡ񡣡


310 µϷ
֮۷䳡ϡ
֮⣬вμӵڶؽ߸ԱѾͬʱȻһµĻְѾ
С߹᲻ʲô飬ôڻ
ۿ˶һٵĻˣΨߵڻӰŷɵЩͲסˣѾֹһεСߡ
߲۴ʼصĽĻô߾ͰȨֱӳֶԴˡ
ò׶ľ޴һȨκεϣ
ô룬ٶŷôΪģϾһ·ûߵĻǾ㲻ףҲ͵ײ˶١
ûϵµġ
Сߵһ㶼ĵӡ

ŷǳ׵ˣȥԼЩϹġ
䳡ĸ̨ϣѩ۰ױѾ۷ִĻƵͬصıҪ˶þҪʼ
ŶӵĶԱۼһ𣬵ȴױصıݡ
̨ϰױĻһ֮󣬰ױˡ
λһõϢ
ױȻ΢ЦţǲɷĻһĪĲ
ΧĸĶԱǶ䣬ͬʱҲ׷֪λ۴˿˵ĲõϢʲô
Ҫ˵ǣǰرԵõĻ֣ѾЧޡ
ڰױԴβУ䳡ը˹
꣬ۻģһ仰Ч
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仰ʱ򣬶һĨŭӿ
ܿϧҲֻн°ˣʸͰױаģǾͲμʲôʲ߸ԣʲôƨٲõƿȨˡ
Щֵȼֱëë궼㲻ϡ
ױ֣ȫȨ߸ˣ˼Ҳ͵ƿߵ˼ûɵͰױۣοҲûݵ
⻰˵غϵıԣְиߵͣʱױְЧȻҲ˻ϲˡ
⵱ΪƵĪˣڵһŻ֣û뵽⻹ûãֱӴˮƯˣžԵʵ࣬Ҫˡ
Щڻְ漸λ˵һ顣
ְЧôȻһֽķʽҲֽʽ׶Լû¿һ㣬ǾѾ˺ܴıˡ
˽һεߴ󸮾ӢӵҲ׷׽ʵ
Чôʽͺܸɴֱ̨䣬ʤΪ
ױһ˫΢΢з죬˵˳
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λ۴˵˼ƿߵ˼
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ĻƵ˼ҲѾˣ۴ǸϷĸ֣ϷĹıˣôЩҪȥͱҪµϷ򣬷޷õյĽ
Ҫ۴Ϸ⻹ʡʡɣ۴ƶϷǸûиĵأԼͻȥġ
໥ۣҲ֪Ѿûл͵أʹͷԻصԼλȥ
ЩҲǾþʵϺ꣬תһҲʲôˣϾûһҵĶȫԼĵϵɵģɴһҲÿԿԼϽжΪԼ֧Լˡ
Ҳһѡ
Ϻ˲ˣ۴˿ء
û˷ԣױͼ򵥵Ľ˵˳
ʵʮֵļ򵥣ǾǵһԳǩʽѡ֣һУԭٲõƿ߶ฮŶֿգʣµֻѡʤߣͬฮһĸٴγǩʤ֮Ӯҡ
ڱʽǼ򵥣ԵĶѡһޣѡޣ
Ǻ֮ǰ֮Ĳ࣬ףֱӾ߳֡
֮ǳǩˣûлǩ³ǡ
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׸
ǩϵİ׸֣ŷҲˡ
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׸һųưٱСħŮİһçԭ˿ߵʵǸ̵ӡ
׸ս϶ǰɣԼأûл˭ܹкͰһսʵ


311 һ
һ鵽Ķ־Ȼǰ׸඼ڵһʱˡ
˭֪׸İɲһǵŰٱСħŮ
Ȼɲֻǹ龫ֹưٳСħŮʵǿ֣һûмĶ֡
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ûãû
ȻȥǱ˵Ȼʮ㣬˿ƣ̬֮
ֵܣǸʲôȥˣ㻵ҵĴ°
īҲǼȹϵϣôһһ䡣
ãԼģ䣿
һ˿ãҲû˵ʲôʱδȻī
߱Ҷŷϸ˽Ľ
ͬʱһֵĶԾȻʼ
׸Ծľɽฮ԰̴ٳٻϸฮһٲõƿߣԵһֿա
׸ɳ˹ȻǰǾҲͷĪˡ
̭Ƶľһʧܾ͵ǳʧܣ˵˭Ҳ֣һʱͻǿĶԱɳ
ϳīźͷеĶˡ
ߵǿīģīȻƲǺ绽Ľɫ۹⻹еģ㵱УʸΪߵĶֵģûм
̨ѾãΧ䳡̨ΧֱȦԲǧ׵ľ޴󳡵أɰױԳֲ½󷨣ͬۼĸֳ֣ûܹΧϡ
̨ϣױĻԼĻе˶ֱԼλϣۿԡ
һεıԣĻҲر۷е˶ǰۿʱ䳡Ѿۼ˴Ⱥֵˣһ½ϵǰ
ȻŹۿôʥصļŮȻˡ
ؿĪ룬˽Դ߱Ե̨ǰ棬Сһۿ
ۣĶǸС򰦡
߶İԴЦ˵

ŷҲڼŮߣ⼸һͬŮҲǱ۸ʱǳƺΪʱȲѡ
ѵ˵ֵܻݣ
Ҫ˵ɵɲģҪɣһҪ㹻ʵڶҪгԴκһǲܵġ
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˽˵һˣʥûһͷҳǼ֮ûһͽκһ˶ףҪ׳ʵͱȽȥͽſ׳
Ǭɽʥأ
ŷһãǬɽȻ֪Ȼʵôʣصɽ˽꾡ġ
ѵǾŷǬɽ

˵ŷҲΪʲôΪīˣǬɽīĵ̣ȻīĵɽͷȻīĸˣ϶żһīĹϽ֮ڣʮֵСȻҪΪīЧ
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С˵϶żҵˣΪ˲絽ʥΣ
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ŷһ㶣֪ôشȻ˵ߵȷһ֮еţ⼸ŮҲһʵǷҪھ֮ȡλãЩѶȣԼƫһߵĻһʥں;ŷܣԼͳˡ
黹ҪҸ
ŷӦ֮ߡ
ǺãҪ˶ãǾͻŰݷõġ
˽׳־˿߲˽֪βܹߵĸԶøǿǵ߿ǵĻҪࡣ
죬̨Ҳš
һԷɽ̨ߣЦЦɡ

һ㶣ʱЩЦԷǣȻûīӮٲõĿȨҲûӵԼһ֮
ЦЦû˵ֻµĿǰС
˵СѾͷòϿϲԲԲ٣Ʈݵ㷢ཱུСظ˫ĴЭȻߣȴǾ쳣
˾µѾͷƫƫڰ׸
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ܼ򵥰ķûۡ
˵ţԼ˫
͸¶ź֮˫˪һɹɵĺϢɢӵĹ̨


312 
׸ƵķȻΪ棬ΪԼķܹŵʹشˡ
ǰĻ߿ܻ˼ɣǳûˣΪб߳üεķ
˼ʽǿͨʥķʩչĻССͨʥǰ¾һѡ
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κ飬ֻ˲֪
˵ţһҡԼķСȡ
СҲһƷͰеʵ࣬ȣߵԵĺˡ
ƾһԿеƷ
е˫бǰ׸Ｏ̸ƵģŷǷҲǣ׸ǧ𣬶츳ʵ֮ʣ׸Ȼ᲻ϧһеĽ
Ůģȳ֡
߲ⷨƷϾᣬƷ׸ߵǴҪģΪؼĻҪ˭á
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ָһ˾Ͷˣûʩչȸƾٶȿʼ̨˸ߡ
ʵ꾳ռ˵Ѿûƣ߲пսֻǽŵƶҲϵĴָ׸Űߡ
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㲻Ҫܣ
ŭˣԲԲСǵͨ죬Ƕˣ
ܣվ򣿡
ȻɵӣƾԼĸ֪ǡôĲͱĵгɺ޲˿ˡ
ߣ
˵ȴ˿˫󿪴ϣһѤĵƥһк̨һ㺮Ϣ
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һƣҲϷˣ˼ЩսҲã˵һ˭ء
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ۣ
ľӵһ㳯ſеİȥ
ʱѾȵķɵ˿УȸûʩչΪоûбҪ
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ŵ˭ɶοǰôһСѾͷ
ȻŰٱСħŮţߣƺ˿һһ䶼ûˡ
޵ίͲʣһȺľ鳹û
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߸û¶ʵͱľΧҪЩ黹Ƶţƻ֮ţ޷ʤ
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Ҳˣˣ
յһѶѵľ鵱д˳
Ȼ䣬ҲͲȥˣ֮ţоҲɢ
ˣ
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ЦЦ˵ʤѷ֣ЩѾûˣױڸ̨濴ţսַˣĻױȻῪڵġ
°ױû˵Ǿζûзˣ


313 ֮սһ
һ׸ٻϸԼ̴Ŷӱ̭űǵڶֱԡ
мûжϢʱģҲϵı˲ѶȣֻܳųǩݵʱϢƬ̣˭֪һҶһս
˵ߺͰһսûĶ٣ϻȫʤ״̬ļңฮ˵ˣһֿգ˭˳ฮӼѡ
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ٳฮ˫˻޷ȷܹߵȻҲеƣʱЩڵ룬¶ϵĻδ
⣬߻ûἸӣѾнˡ
˶۾ǣฮֱѡ˷䣡
ฮľٶ˾޴Ĳʱڸ̨ĻƶЩȣɽฮʵ˿Ҫ˵ľʵ˵ùȥ֮⣬˶ฮĶ֣ǾСЩ£Ҳฮֱѡ˳ɡ
ฮ;ĶûˣһٳԶฮսǸոտʼ߱㽫עŵ
ฮƷٳ˫ֱ潻档
ǿķǿķ׭ܹڹؼʱ򷢻ӳЧһоȻҪ̣һսҲҪȹ۲һ˫սʽԼʵϾһܿͻߵĶˡ
ιιǸôлң
߸˫̨ǰ棬˹
Ǵֵӣһʹļ׵ɫ
˿ΪǳʲôԭŻⳡпܵõ޴Ȩı䡣
˶ɣߵıǲкǿڳฮΪľ޴ʾã
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һ˵һͨ
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Լ˽ٵ飬ܹ˲࣬ױһĻܲܿȷΪһֱŵĴս£һ˺ѴϢϷֱġ
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˵⣬һ꣬Ҫ֪һٵʱߵʵԼ񿴿Ѿرˡ
ˣ˵ˣˣ˽ⲻ˽⡣
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һǾǳฮһѰ
߶ȽİҲǺǸһνŪ˼ŷǸѰΪֹҲֻ֪˵ֶѡ
ʵ꾳˺ܶǿ˴򣬲ƾ飬ֻٵӦ䡣
Ҳǡ
ฮƷ壬Է׭һеĺǿǲ˵һε߸ԳฮǿȡʤٲõƿȨ
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ĥѰʤĻôܹƾ辳ϵڲó˼ʽºһսʤĻҪʤҪð˼ʽˡ
ĿǰοѰʤĻ᲻
һսַйоأٻһͷʨ֮󣬾Ϳʼ̨ߣƾʨǿսѰս
һŷܹ֧ŵʱȻǺȷһ¶һʱ˵ֻһŷͿڲ֮ء
ѰҲû˿֣ʥѩ̾Ϣ̨˱ѩ֮أѩڴ̹ǵĺ֮з裬ʥǲϵиǿĻʨ
Ѱ̬һֻٶȱѩӥٶ˿·磬ǶԷĻʨǿƾʥѰȫԿٵĽ
ϧǣк̡ܴ
˺ڶŷѰûսȥ
ฮĽ𣬳ฮʤ
ôʲôԿٻ
սҲʮֵͷֲۣʱ䳤ûרŵĿַһСʿɱһǿҲǲܵġ
Ѿȫ߸ʵһеۡ
һ㣬ҲоԪط׭γɵٻٻͬԵΪֹƷ׭ЧûС
ûôǿֻӲƴˡ
֣߸ԵĶ֮ս֮չ
ฮľ


314 ʶ֮ս
ҽƿٲõȨѾǲɸıʵ
վ̨ϣޱ˵
ȻѾսǴʱȥ˿ûƣļ
Ҳ״̬ͰսûʲôģҪսʤ²ó汾ǲˣϾ̫ǿ֪ᶪʲô
Ҳ˵һжٵӦ䣬ûйɺͲԶԡ
ߵҲģ̨֮Ҳû˵ֻһŷ˺
ڵһؽʱߴﻻŷһçԭõţʱʣµһ
׹˸޴ƾճ֣ʮ׶ߵ֣ȥޱȡ
ԶɵƤ˼£δóฮԸ
ͻʨԼһŽʵٶѸݣܵԪ֮ĿƣȻûˣôǲκεӰ졣
ٲõûˡ
ٻ֮ߵĵ
һЦߵĻʮֲм
Ϊƾһܹң
˵䣬ƷһŽӲӵķ׭ֳ˺ֻһ˸
ҲգʶʶҳฮЩз׭һľ
һȣ֮һ˫ӽ֮߳
ͷǺܴ󣬵ǻ¶͸¶һɭɭѹȸУ֪ѹȸʲô֮һ߶ûмĹ
Ԫصκһ֣ƺһһԪ֮
ʲôôһ
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߿ǰɢѹĲ֪аԲ²⡣
ںĪ뻹˽һľˣ߶˵ϢѾʮϤϢ֮⣬ȻԼڲͬϢϢֻк˴һʱ䳤˲ܹĵǵһʵǿҲ޷ֱ
ҿҲˣŪһ֪ĶŻˣ
ЦЦĿ˫ǲм
ˣ
ЦѣκСٻ񣬾ֻ³

ô˵ߵһ񣬿ʮа˾ĺһĹϵˡ
񣿡
֮Աǣ
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˵ֶһͷһͷԵĴؼֱ̨ϡ
Լʩչشߣͼܼ򵥣ӮѰķһ߳״ܡ
޴̨ĸֲӰӷٱ۽ֱʩչȸɵУĿϡ
ԼһȻĶԷģ֮ǰ޷ͺˣ߱ץסǰĻᡣ
ûָҲΪôĻǳױǣűˡ
жţֱٻѪ硣
ѪɫԲȻȥײ࣬һս˿ɶֵû˸С
һ˲ָֻٻ￿£
ʵٻٶȱ߸߳٣ۿﶼԼˣҲҴ⣬߶ٴѾ۳εѪɫûдСʩչ֮š
֮ų֣̾Ԫ̨Ϸɴܣϵĸߡ
ȻЩССԪ𲻵ʲôãǸ߻ǺЧģĺüκΧߵļƻûгɹ
滹ԣ߻û뵽Ӻõİ취ʱΣˡ
ԼٻͬʵĵΧ±ɢˣ


315 ֮ս
ͬʵĵ˹£ܿͱɢˣΧ
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317 
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һγฮӵ˲ǳฮණ𣬶ණĵܵҲ࿺࿺һֱһԱߵϯλ档ԭΪѾʤȯյûаƳé®ֻǵӮ̨Ȼѩһεٲõƿ֮鷵ء
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·ԴЩ֪ʶҲӡȥģѸһЩô
˵ױϵЦָֻ˲٣漴ˣҪʵô࣬ҲԵϣҵԺʲô޷Ļﵽ֮ҡ
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318 Ӯ
ص̨ϣױĻ˵˼仰֮ԹԵ۾ǲٹ¶ˡ
ױܣȻͽĻˡ
λһսʤѷ֣ʹ˵˼һαоľִٲõʹලִ֮Ȩмʱ֮㱨˵ɰ׸θǰȡٲơ
ĻҲǸɴ䣬߸ѾĻ˭ٲõҪûֱӵϵҪѾˣʱױҲǱĺλλȨصʹ߽ðɡ
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ֱܹӹͨ򣬻ñ˵ò鱨һô
뵽⣬īŲӿ죬󹤷ߵ˸̨֮ϡ
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319 ٲִ
Ȼ˵ٲõƿȨ䵽ԼҲ֪һȻĺ󻼣ɱͶฮĳǳ׽ˡһֱӴīƿٲõ룬;ŷ֮ûһ㻺͵ء½ҪԳฮ;Ϸѡ
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ٲõЩǲҶģ˵ฮ;ҪĻȻȥʥء
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ŷɲûкľԱһͬ뿪Ҳûдһȥٶī϶żҾҪĪѡ
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322 
һԮ֣Ȼ֪Լٲ֮ȨǿԵһЩִӣɲôԼէ˵ַԷȻ˵ֱӾܾһɾܹһִԱߣʱԼɵҪīණıˡ
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324 ٻر
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325 Ҷɽ\
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ϾһзȻϡǵõԼΪƴĥµ飬޷ҲܹλСʦǰдʦֵģ˫ĲѾΪǵ
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Ͼһ˼Ƭ̣ȴǿڵʦܣҲȥֻǡ
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˵䣬Ŀ䵽ŷϣЦŷʦ㣬ЩӲԵķˣĺܣСʦһ°ɡ
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326 ὣݺ̸Ц
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327 ɽ
Ȼ嶼˵Ǹ֣Ȼͣ˿糣߸оԼûеĵıҪ
ƫƧСɽϻܱQߵĸ֣
ڣǸҲҪɱ
ߴʱ˼·һ㶼ңҶɽϾۼ֮ľӢͽһֻǿЩʯͷô򵥡
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̤ſ֦Ҷߵûĸֻ֣ΧϢЩ죬һëȻĸо
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ʶͣһ߿ģ߰Դ⣬ûжôǿ
˷죬ϾôŮʬ壬˭ҲĲʱߵУҪǺηʥô۵Ĵӡ
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330 ɱ⣡
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331 ټ
ҹĻݷ޵ıɹеƻͨ
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334 ڷ
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335 Уƣ
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ױĵҶͨʱûŵ棬µ棬һ·СܵĳŰױȥ

жʱһУһҰױģԼǸ۵ĹβͲݣ
ϧߵ껹ûü⣬Ϳױȵߵߣһĸ첲˵ıôһȻһСµģ
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336 羰߶
ǳˣܰױѪԤıԼǽʵʵĵһصƣҪĻǳ峵
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337 񾭲
صסһҹ޻
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۵ͨķŲܹάֲԭͼռ浹һѡ񣬿ϧͼռеںڲϵǿţһǿ˿Ĩɱĵزͻİ
һҪһҸߣһﶼˡ
ͼռ仯޴ϼһовųҪȻ˵׼ʱһͱͼռںɵ
ðɣһᾡҵ壬ǿɲҪ˵ԡ
֮ԴһǵһﲻϳҲûаѰıҪˡ
ǵãǵá
شʱ˵ǵûȥ궼סˣƨķ
תۼʮչȥõӴϢмѾѰЩʱձȥ
赣ģһֱûױǰľ޴ѾȥһӣǰСࡣ
һգ˯õͯѣͼռ˳
ҼһЩ
ĵһ仰ʮֵڴ
ʲô
Цʣ֪ͯĶȴǲ٣ԶܸߴСջ
ܶܶ࣬˵꣬ûǴǲһѿԾ£֮ӷ
԰
С˵һСˡ
ɷˡ
ͯӶʱ˷ܵĵ
Ŷ
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ѧӣûжٹһһϸо
Ʃ˵Ǹž澭Դ˾֮Ժ͸ˡǸ𹦣ҲֻǴԵ֪ЩƤëûʱо
ںľǾ͸˵ˣȻǰЩӽõؽչʱ䲻ԣǳ֮ûйͨɹ
ŶϹʱһں֮ǿɵǣӾǶǼһҪĲϡ
ǿ
ò˵ߴʱĶˣǿκʿĶǿԽսǴ˵
ǵģӦǽͼ̺˴

һʱ۾
ʿɵԼһŪ
ʵԽԽߣѾͨսһͻսȻ磬ͨᱻ̭
ô죿
ЩȲʡ
Ҫѣǲ϶ܹģȸ㣬ֻ⡣
һˮ˵ǿܹҲͲǿˡ
֪ҲʣֻͯӼ˽һҪЩϣʱõһߣѼϾǡ
ڶգ߱ͬһɽһĿĺȷǾܲء
һ״ȻһܲأǰĴƯ޶δͻŻٲ֮ݣҲûк֮ˡ
״ϵʾܲصλõΪͷʹɽƽԭ֮С
λӽǵλá
벻νԶ˵Ѿ޷˷⣬ͼռĳɳٶҲǰ࣬Ȼ˵˲ϢǱͨǿշпࡣ
Ҳ뿪ãǬɽ⣬һӰ
̩¡ȻԸôõطߣҪϾƹÿ
˲ǱˣڲӧҪ߶ԿٵıʵǽŮû©ĺɫٺǡ
յĺǣһ۷ʮЭģ˵ǲ࣬ǿϧǣǵٴ˵ȥôһζһֲĸо
Ůǣ
˵䣬һһӰˢһ¾ʹܵǬɽ䣬Ǭɽ֮ǰĹ㳡ϡ
ɶ⣿
ǽżŵأͿڵϵľ޴
ΰ˵ֱʣ˻ˣǼһɡ
ԹԵŲԾž޴תȦȦ
ɽϺܾǾֱȻһӰûп
ѵ˵ߴطˣ
°ͣŰɵĴŴܡ
̵ģճǼƣҳУ
һյĽͿŲߵϷλǰȻ󣬶ǰѴӻķˮ
𽥻۵С̶ǵɪҡͷԡ
ιڸ
ˮŵ䲻ͣһŮʱһ£ֱӾת
ƣֻҪɵϰ׳գǴӱҲܿʲôˡ
Сӣ
һŮģǶʱ˫۷Ź⣬Ҷ˼š£תͿһǳɫŮվڴſھȲѵ
ʱģȻǾˣһβδһɽ
񾭲Ͽ
ڸɶȻˣһϢĳڴУȻûбɽ޷֣ЩֶΡ
Ȼ޳ܵ˼㣬ȻŴϵ򣬿Ҳ̫ףϾɽûǿһˣ˵ֳʲô
񾭲
ǲŭϲЦͷ촽һ˫ֳžùҵظץ˼£Ȼʳָ˹Ц椣үЦһ


338 ѩ
ʥµûڣΨһµڷ˶֪ȥ;úһõĵڣоǸǬɽΧĴףЩС֮ŵɽȥѵȥˡ
öֻĳһ˵˻ĴϻʮİҼɵΪػŵޣײҽӽ֮͸˵ˣһʬһļһԸ⿿
õǸõҲ˽ôƤЦļһ̬ʱ־ŭ

һ˫ۼҪðЦЦûĶ
Ͼٲ֮ĵ̣ԼȻֱǵﻹҪٲ֮һӵģҪȻǱ߲ý
ֻһ棬һɫǲѣȴһϰߣǾǷ˵ŮӣҪʩչֶöԷȫȫĴ˷֣ȻĻоûζУ·ֻԸĲ˼ڡ
Ҳôһ൱ԻԸ񣬺ɫԸŻᱻĸ߲Ĭϣûнȥɣ˹ƾҪһӼˡ
ˣҵһΣ¸˻Ҳʶ
ǺĻ˻֣ŵǣǴ٣ĺܣҲûɶҪֻҪܳԹס˯ͳɡ

٣
һ㶣̶ɫ΢䣬֪ģͬһ㣬һһĸ֣ǰôһðβǵ˻
˵񾭲㻹ţð٣
ָ򾲣ǵ治ǰֹĵ˵ϹļһǴ١
˵һܹϢɽ»еġ
ð䣿
һ˦ͷͷƮݵķΪ˧ļһʮĵŵǣǸ֪ɣ
Ȼ֪壬λʵ˵ɲļһһθɽȥˡ
õͷǸӵɪˣüʵСܡ
磡
ʱѾ˾֮أǰѩȻһ磬ŽµĴ󽣶Ȼһ
̧ͷ죬ȴǰĸ˵
ԦԼľ޽£ֱӴ߶ͼռ䣬ٶ˿
һһҹļٸ·ҹʱ֣Ѿѩ⡣
ӽѾԴ䣬ȵĺﵽѾ䣬ǵϣȻǺϢѾ΢΢͸ǵζ
˿Ӱ첻ˣΪ磬ȻĺȺ
ٷ˽ӽһ죬˽棬΢ݿݻƣΧ涣żҹݷ񣬾֮͸¶
ץֻʷʵҰտ
ԲѩȻȥһķڣƫƫĵؽȴʺ۾ӣԭѩб֮ɫı
Σ֮ȴļ֣ʱ޿̶һ硣ڳµļۣбɽ鲼ǳ̲ʺϼ֮صֲɴ˲˱һƺ
ѩռؾ޴󣬳ɳֳͷһΣͷβصһֱ쵽ǶҲкܴһƬֻѩеĴҶľ
б֮ƵıڱһѩıһҪصѩҪôֱӴѩҪôǴӶƹȥ
Ȼ޿ɷصһ֣ǵӵͼĻⱱλÿɾͷŵ̫Զˡ
ڵλãǽͷ·Ҳѩıء
ȷܹҵأ
嶪ĹͷŻʡ
·߾ͰһγеĿĸ彲ˡ
ȻߵŵϵʲôģϻǿĳֵģƾڿҶɽϵһս֪Ρ
״ڣмɵİգȻؼҪЩ
߳˵
ųƻ˽ǿұܹɱ쾳ʿ
û̫ʣֻ˵ЩڱĴš
һҹ޻ڶսѩС
ߴܼҶľƬһ߼ʣʪڱµĻ谵ռ֮Уһʮֲĸо
Ҫֻ·УʵҪѾ࣬ԾֱӴͼռ䣬ͬһ۵֮дС
ٶȻ޷ǰˣ˴Լһ£Ҫѩ󣬾Ҫʱ䡣
ͼռ棬Ҳ˷ʱ䣬ӿռѰòͨžϸо
ʱһһĹȥȻͨžܲһʱܹ̾ģһȻһ
Ҳ٣žͨͼеͨ۲ľ
ʼնǾĿм۾û

ԭѩּ侰µߺȻһĨѩ׵Ӱǰһ˲ʧ
ߵãûܹǵʲôֻϡо˵
ѵбҲѩ
ѾѩΧˣԲѩѾ˼·;˵ﻹˣ¾ǰðѰԵʿˡ
壬ˡ
壬С˵
ˣ
۾˼ۣ¶ɫ
ѩˣⲢʲôõͷ
ݵ伮أΨһһѩ˾סʱϹĩ·ʱ·սʱϹĩ·ֹµʱ٣ѩеҲ׷뿪ຮ֮أѰʺĵطʮȥѩг˼ǰðյʿ֮Ҳûټ
ðߣ㿴ˣ
ǲ߿ˡ
Ĳ̫ٶ̫ˡ
ʵĻشȷûʲô
û˵ֻ۾档
ͼǰУƹĸ֦ɡ
ͻȻ˫Ŀһ˲׽һӰӡ
ǵȷˣ
£׷շУ磡
ͬһʱ䣬Ҳˡ
ˡ
ûһҲûпרȥעһʱῴĸ
˺ϱһѳѩѩ׵ĳ
ǺܵѩɫΪһİף˺뵽һһط֮ȻȻγɵıɫ
°׷ǰɫģѵѩеԭס񣿡
ߴ󵨵Ʋ⡣
пܣֻǹѩԭסϴûκιŵ伮ֹ
ϿߵƲ⣬Ժȴûκιѩԭסļء
ѩȻ˼ǱϾصķΧ֮ڣͳηΧС֮ѧϰУ֮ȻĶĵ伮֪ʶḻͬһ㣬ǾˣȴȻ벻κιѩԭסϡ
ˣҲҪϹˣǾˡ
벻߾͸˵ˡ
ɴԲȥ⣬߶ͼǰ
ɳӽ߱㾪ȵĿΧٵֲȻƻҿǰõ飬ƺдΧսĺۼ
ȥ
Ͳסįͣסͼ˳
̤ϱѩأߵһ۾ͿһϤĶ
ºڶ
׽ͽݣѩڸǵֻʣһĺºڶ


339 ѩԭס
ңԶѩɽĴ֮ؾȻٶ̵Ӱӣ⵱治һ¡
ּͼѾǰ϶Ϊֻǳ飬вǣȻֵط֡
׽ͽ
߶ʬһţǷйеĲ
˵ҲаţòԼߵﶼ׽ͽѵ˵Լĺ̺Ե
߿û˼ȥַ飬ȫΪУʲôЦ
Ϲĩ·ʱںἫһʱȫ¶ɢĽ壬֮µǺºڶ׽ͽ׽˿̣ͱаŶӡ
Ӧ׽ͽѩԭס˳ͻ
ߴܣĵ濴ȥȻңȴȻྻĸо
ע⵽һĨɫļԶ֦֮䣬Ӧһ֧
һʵؼõľƳɣԼߣؿȥӨ͸ǰˮβһְɫë
أȻס
ǰĳƺ˵ĺģûмŸ·Χתơ
ϵĽӡʮңֲԺηȥ
һ׽ͽʬ֮Ҳûˡ
߻Ƿ˳ϵĶѪ
һֽɫҺ壬ڵϣȥѾЩɺԣմһ£ġ
壬
߽Щ׷ֵĶָ忴
ϽɫҺͱѩɫʮƣϸ۲޷֣ǵɢ䣬һȥ
ҲЩԭסѪ
ͷ
˱㳯Žɫķߡ
ʱ˵뷨ԼһˣҪŽɫѪҺѩԭס
жô˵һû߳ԶΪϽɫѪҺûг̡
߳һξ룬ϿʼԼԿһҵĽӡȥܵĿĵѰңȻѷ֡
źۼǰ൱һξ룬һǰ
죬ݺύ֦ǣڱ˴󲿷ֵĹߣ̧ͷ߶ʱէ
̧ͷ˲䣬߱㿴һ֧ӭ
˸һɵţת֮ɱ
ʶģȻԭһת粽
ȴȵķ֣ȻԵƫ˹켣Ȼ׼
Ѱļ
ʶһ㣬߲Ҵ⣬һһˮɫ֣һĨ

ָгΣ䵽ϡ
ಣ
ͷȻԷַżˡ
һֱֻˡ
´֣׼һ飬ֱӿϡ
ԷȻǳȴôǿߺ嶼в

һŭ⣬ȴʲô
һ㶣ˣȻѩϵԭסӦþǵˡ
ԲͨǸ鷳
жϵڶֻ֮󣬾Ѹٵף̧ͷɡ
Ҳڵһʱѡ˺ˡ
ǲǵˡ
ȻԷĿԲ󣬵߻ǳԵĳ֮ϵ˺һ䡣
ݵĳĬԷûκεĻش𣬵ȴҲûٴηż
ҿǻ߰ɡ
оûбҪ˷ʱˣѩԭס񣬶Է̫ǿûбҪȥӴ

ߵԼ뷨ѩԭסʮǼʮ꣬ĶƺȤ߶ԸղֻͺܸȤ
ǼѾȫԽͨս󹭼Ըʲôطܹѧ֣һá
ǿ̸̸ˣҪ
߲ȷŶԷܲԼĻǻ˵˳
ҲҪǵİ
û뵽˵֮󣬶ԷȻͬԻشֻ˼㡣
˵̫ˣʵŹͬĵˡ
ǺܳһʱĳĬԷƺ˼
ʮе
˵
߸˸˹ͺһףȻеĽŵϡ
ƺǿ˵ĳ⣬ֻ֦΢Ļζ˼£һɫӰ
°׷ѩһĳ
ϸ緢˿ֻڹϣļض߶ˡ
һˣŨüֻڸǲסƣ֮ɫ
̯˫ֱʾԼѺãûǰһЦ˵㿴ĳģҪɱ㣬һ˾ܹҪֺαطѾйͬĵˣƾһܹҳΪѡ
һΣߵ˵˼ܾиȾ˵Ļĵ˵ĵ˾˳
ǺԶԷԺܸߣûΪߵô仰ͳ׵ķɾ裬ֻǱ΢˼֡
ǹͬܵˣΪϣܹ֪ܡ
ʱ˵ʲôһζԼǸôõˣȻʵ䷴ΪԼûȡŶԷĳ룬һԶԶġ
ý׵ķʽôԷһֱԼΪʲôԵ޹ʵڡ
һ˵ԼĿģֻҪжϳԼôϵͽɹˡ
֪⹭ܣ
Ȼһ˵̾ת
ǵģܸоеĹԶͨҪǿĶ࣬ҺܸȤ
ҲĨǣȤҲȷǹ
Ĳ֮ء
Ȼ˵Ȼ䣬ѾеĹͼһٶѾȫ˵⡣
룬ǿԺú̸̸㲻Ҫ̫;ܾҺҵѣԶ㿴ҪǿĶࡣ
ʱҲǫˣó㹻ĳȻԷӦĹϵҲͽˡ
жǿ
Ǹˣֻһ
ģȷЩ׽ͽ˵Ҫһֻ赭дһ¾ܹ
Ȼһ仰Է¶ȡ
ȴûڣֻǾվ
Ҳżֻ΢ЦŵڣΣʮ֮˾Ҫˡ
ʱЩ벻ףȻ˵еĹȷǶĸ˵ǹκвģʵ벻ͨߵ׿ʲôô
Ĭ֮УȻһΣſһɽɫѪҺ̱ڵء
˵ĺأ
ǰҪһֻѾ׼Լ
ǺǣҪţûж⡣
߿Цȴûмǰ
ƽһϢ˲ſ˵ҿ԰ѹܸ㣬˴Щ֮һи
˵ֻҪܹģɣΪѡ
߾һº͵̬ȣ˿öԷɵĶ
Ǻǡ
ԳһЦƺûѣһذɣϾһ˶ˣΪ棬Ѻڳͽ̳棬ϣܹȳ
ãҴӦ㡣
Ҳʳͽ̳Ҳȥ᲻ΣգֱӾʹӦ
ȥͲ
߽һöҩ˹ȥ


340 
ҩһ̬ſھȥ
½褵ľٶǰֱǧ࣬嶼ޱȵĿǰˣͻȻתо˼顣
ҽн褡
ֻ˵Լ㲻˵
ԭϢ˴ʱʱߵǴӽ褿˽⵽˲ٹѩͱĲ֮أΩ褼ȴһŲᡣ
ôó
ɫһΪ汻Ѻڳͽ̳ԭɱۻҫȻϧѾ޷ʵˡ
üͷ壬ý˵ĻƺЩŤôЩֵֹġ
ԼȥԶҪࡣ
ãȻҡͷͳ˵һϣǲȥġ
Ȼ̧ͷգ˫ɫӣƺһ˵ľ
޾Ƭز죬ϧǲȴҡ
ȻԼ֪⽪Ҫ˵ʲôˣȻ˵û˿Թ֮зһֵĲΣһ߾ܹ
褸ȥעߺ˵ɫ·ֻһ˵š
ڸ׵Ĺǰԣκείǣû뵽ͷҾȻˡ

ҧҧųʮָؽͻȻʱҡ
Ϊʲôȥ
ջ˳ȻѾʵһֽǻûסʡ
褵ĻȻ̸ɿ飬ⶼ滰ô֮һô磬һֵýύصˡ
ҵѾʧܹĸоҪ˶Ҿͻȥһսһ֮ҳŲ˶ˣһұκ˶ҵļѾǵ˵جΡ
ûмȥתͷߵ塣
ʵǿᣬӦܹ״ôһ¡
ѾԹʶͼȻ޷˵棬ôԶ϶ȫʢ״̬µĽʵҪߡ
ѯʵĿ⣬ͷֻǵĵȷˣѾֻʣǼֲ˶õģʵҲ͵ͬ˾ʿʵ
߽Ŀת褣üʣô˵ģ
ϾȻܵ޷ص˺ܹϾ»ܹ˾ʵʵöǿܹȫʢĽ˵ģȻǸ֮еĸ֣֮л̷ˡ
û˵ֻǻĽƿ
ϣһĿĵľ޴˿ľ
ռ˰ŵ˿֮пԿھǿ䶯ţ𾪵˿ڵɫīһڶ
ɫѪҺ˿ڵ䶯˿˿ǺܿͻᱻΧƵĺɵ
»ָ𾪵ɫ褲ȻһЦ
һ¶ЦֻЦݿȥôһֲʵĸо
Ӧþ\ˡ
ûоȣ
תͷʣϣ뽪
ҡͷҡĺܸɴ֮࣬ϣӵڣɽٶΪˡ
褲֮£ǽгݵǰ
˹𣬹Ϊ꾣ľ졣
ŵϣһһֻ֡
ǧľƣΪβѩɽ𡣡
褽ͳŷţȻֵҪĹңʮɺģĳ磬ֺ
󣬽óһöԲ
񹭵ϸԼֲϵϸܡ
ǰѩ׳񹭵ҪԼǿ٣ϧʵ޷ȫʩչ
ȻȲǿڶʱڻָȫʢս
ʱͻȻڵ
ԭѾʧȥϣߵĽȻס̶弱ٵĵģܹ
ͷ
˵ȻϾ껹ᱣǳȼ֮עһ
Ļˣȼ֪꣬һеĽֶΡ
ȴ·ǿϣһ㣬˫ųĪɡ
ңȥ
ѾȲƺûȥȼ굽׻һʲôĽ֡
岢ûжǵĵҪ֪ȼζŵʧȥһ̣ͬҲ᳹׷ɢֻأ»Ұã
ҧҲںԸԣҾкã
⻰ҲĪһ̾⽪褣һӡ
Ҵһط㰴طתͿˡ
褼ǰҲ˵ֱָڽ褵Ķͷһ㣬Ȼסֻܳʮʱʮʱ֮ͻ᳹׻ɢڣʬ嶼¡
صĵͷ˵ʲô߿ϥ±۾
ʲôû´Ӧɵط
߽ĿӽŲߵ塣
ҲȣֻǵĻشһ䣬ʿÿ˶ᡣ

ʱ䲻󣬽褾ͷ˷츲صı仯Ȼ󣬵ϾĽط߶˿ӡ
Ȼ˵褾֮ȴûһڴ
ԽΪģΧʮҫ۵߲ʹ⻪ת߲ʹٵ뵽褵档
Ƭ֮Χһ׵磬Χ߲ʹ⻪֮۾
񾼾â
һߺ壬褻Ȼվߵǰֽͼ
һá
ʱĽ褣в֮ȴ˿˳ĺ֮ˡ
߳Ϳ乭һֻƿշɳϵĽȻӰһΣԭһĨӰѾԾһֲ˼ٶȺ̬վ֮ϣ
̤Ľ褣һ貵ǣлһӰԶȥ
ߣϿ
׿λעǱֵӣߵڴ褵Ĺͼ
һˮһ̤ɼնУѾ޵ˡ
ͼԶԶĵں档
㽪褲˵Ҳ֪Ҫȥű֮ĺͱĽ֣׽ͽϳ֮⣬ʵûеڶֵȥĵطˡ
ƺ褶׽ͽϳʮշһ·мûκεͣ١
·ããѩ˲ϢԼĪɳԶԶľͿ褿һֱͣӥһ㸩¡
׽ͽϳ
߽תƵ棬ӳ֮䣬ûѰ˵Ӱӡ
ܿ߾ͷˣڴ򶷡
ͼ棬߾ԶԶѾվ񹭣һֻĶǰʮ׽ͽ
ڽ褵վͬµŮ˵ǽ褵ˡ


341 񣬽褣
Χ׳ľӲɨһƬɼǰսѾʮּҡ
褲û̶֣۹ۿǰˡ
׽ͽݵȼԴӷ׷ֱ
ͨĽͽǺºڶûı־ȥ֡ȻǺºڶ񣬵ȴ˸Բͬߡ
۾΢УǰȺ˵кһ˵ĺߡ
˾죡
ôȴ㿪ʼ
Ŀ꣬乭ʯļ۳һҫ۵İɫ⡣
ʯ˼ǵ̺һϢζֻ˶쳤ʯɵĽ褲Ż֪
£һ˫ǳʯһ貵˲ų˵ķâ
ǰһĽ褣ȫӭͨǴӵϿӶĺҲӶʱ˿ֻ̣Ŀꡣ
һȻأҲҪŹء
ǽ褵ļηľ
褶Լӥ֮ա
յĹֻг֮۵ӥĹۻ룬
磬
ԣʱ˿̽褵һֻܻû뿪ңѾնͼ̡
Խ褵ļλƺû뷽跨ֿ˼Ψһѡߣ
ߣȫȻΪķ緶
Ժ֮Уתһͷǣôû
˺֮еļ£ôܲ
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Ϊ褵ļգ֮͵
빭ңɲǼ羪ƶΧľ룬ƬƬѣѾߵͨͺգ֮Ρ
һ֮ܽйס
ǲǺܲ
¶֮ɫʡ
ѾûбҪȥˣͼߵ̣Ѿˡ
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ĽӴ߹ʵҲ۷ʥӣһ˵ʱԾС˵ȫʢĽȫʵһս
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仰ĹŤͷȥЩ׽ͽѾһ£ʬ嵹صģȻ׵Ķû
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ǽ褵ļҲֻн褵ļܴﵽ˵ľ硣
ʼգ褶û˵һ仰ҲûиЩͬ˴кһۡ
նɱ뼸ʮ׽ͽһֻѸݵĽµ˵ʳָƮȻȥ
ߴ߶ͼϣ·ǼɫĽʱ˼֮ĶԻ
褣Ҳ֪ǱһĽѡ
˵һӣ˵䵹ǿЦ˼
ƺֻǰһˣϾ
һŮ˵
Ҫ˵ˣҪǽ褣ǿ¶Ҫû뵽Ѿ뵽˱ѩóǸҪ鱨ȥ
˵˵˼乫һۣŮѩ׵ĳһɫ˿
ͼٶ൱죬󹤷ǰĽ褡
һ·ٶֻ˺Ҫȸ϶Щ
ڼʱ֮󣬽褵ٶȷŻĿĵѾԶ
߲ںˣǾֱӲͼϣ˴ͼռǰѽ褾һ£ֻңһҪһˡ
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ߺˣɫЩȡ
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褵ͷָǰǵϳҽձҪΪƽأ
˱֮ĵĽ褣ȻûκεĹ˼ɣǰǵɽ޵Ҳ޷˵ȥȥΪԼֻʮʱ
ʮʱͨ˵ǻȻһ˯飬ǶڽѾȻͬ
οûʮʱ
ߵͷҲ˵ʲôֱֻһ죬ʽ
忴߶ˣҲͲ˵ʲô´󽣿ϲ·ɱ¾Ƶ顣
ಣ
ӰѸٳǰȥԼɳʮ룬һСӸ׽ͽ˵ߡ
褸ɣ鹭ವһһֻɳ۶ȥ
һ׽ͽӦأɲص˲һһѪ⣬ֻһֻ
˵ָҪļҫ
ƺߺΪûһʬ˽͡
ͻıµ׽ͽ羪֮ɲǼѸٷɢշźȥµѸռΣۿ͵Ϯĵˡ
ÿڣѾˡ
Ȼհٴ鹭Ȼ׼˷ͼŵ׽ͽ
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˵ʵȫЩ׽ͽܹģ˿ûѾ
˵γ֣ҲΪ˽褣ϾνļҫҪɱõġ
ҲֱܲӴǸͽ̳褵ôǡ߾ͷ֣ǳɹˣ褵ñȻ޷ѩдȥ
ȡʳָ󣬽ٶǰ
Ѳ߶ӵʵߣҲǳ쾳ʿȻ˶࣬ȴκεв
һ·޾յģնɱ߰˸ѲС֮ϡɼǰ֮կ
߳ף߱㿴ڷĿλõİħۡ
ħ̵ͱ־һߺ嶼İڿҶɽϣֻٵһħۡ
ŽŲ褵ɫԽı䣬ץһֻֻǰֻ
һֱ̧֣Ӱֻȫ֮ϡ
һֻХŷ˸ͬķ˸ϣ׽ͽ
һ˼ѾԽ˶οÿһֻ̺˰
ƿգ׽ͽκεķӦһ̾ѾĶ˵ϡ
Ѿӵ˾춯صľ硣
ߺ˳ֽǰʱΧĶ
ƺûбҪˣӵĽŲŵ涼΢΢𶯣˵Ѿд׽ͽ̵ĸѸٸ
ߺƣŵ˴˷Χ
ºۺڶ̵Ĵʡ
˺ܶ࣬һٵӣв߽ߵĸ
˫΢УЩգ֮ӿǰˡ
ôɱ⣡
һȻڿлصֹ
׽ͽһʼȻֵĽһЩǺܿϧ߻ʱ򶼽ЩСϺСз׵ĺˡ
ߣߺעĶ
꣡
һƿռһ׽ͽѾߵĽɱ
ҪСģи֡
˽ۣҲǰ㣬ʼ


342 ֻ
嶯һȷѪꡣ
һںڶµͷ­ǿ˵һµĵѩ׵ĵݺύӡ˴ĿĵѪۡ
ҲֻΪʿ֪ʿѵεĲпᣬȫ˵ǲ˵
嶼ܹĻÿһεѵǶ֮
һʿû˳ȨҪΨһѡ
ʿͷȻצ⵶
ʱ˿̣Ѽ⵶ȾѪ
Ȼǰգе·ǴޣǱ˫һĿÿһܹ

Ǭɽ
Ѿ֪˵˴һ࣬м䷿ݣһסصˡ
ׯ̽ͷһٴеģʱкù࣬Ѿͷһֱһţ´ɽһשͷºˣ˿ˡ
ׯ˳
¹ⶺŪǰŮû뵽Ȼˡ
һˣҪһ㣬ƺҪ˧ôһ㡣
ɺޣ
һ˫һ۾΢΢з죬ǰῡεĺ촽յĵģûæأȥ
ǰڰ֣ǲͷӡ
磬椿СӵĽҪˣҪСĸûꡣ
ׯǰͲ²ңŹôûᣬȲʲôͷ֮ܵĳҪԸһȻɱߣ֮ͷʹһҲǺõġ
ͱ˵ǰʲô
ڵˣܺ߳ϼëǮĹϵׯǾͱɾþߵĽˣѻǳпգпǳԶ˺߲죬ȻҲһ
죡Ųɱ㣡
ʱŭǳеռķȻĺܣЦֻ˵ã
Ҫһζһſڴƻƣ»ɱ֮
Ӵû뵽СӾȻô椣زͦƨҲҲƲǣ۹߯á
ǵǱׯôһ仰ˣȥ׷ôͻȻ֮ð˳ֻһ˫۾Щ͵ھõ֮ɨɨȥ
˵ɫȻڣҪʥصļŮ˱ѷɫ˺ü֡
ûԴеģû˽ڲͬĴûССұ鶯ûĪĽΣûгɵĵؿһʡ
ȻҲɻֵУֻеķΧƺĥƽڲͬҪ˵ƣƺΨԴôһˡ
ôʱǲ֪˵ʲôڴѱ֮Ѿûڻʥãˡ
ǰЩĴ棬ȻǰĳȻǣȴִ࣬Щ¹ʱ
ѵ˵νĹң
֪Լоǵʲô˵ԼҪĵʲôûŪס
µĿһȻ۹һವһ¾Ͷˡ
ׯߣȴҲ˿ûпκμֻǾԭվˣͻȻ֮Ͳˡ
ׯȻҲһ̣֪ԭվǰǸɶӰ
β˺ݺݵһѣһŻ˸Ȧ
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ţָвԺ㡣
ѾҡҡλȥĺǶһþ˲쵽˶Ļͳʧ
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ҧгݣˣ˶ûһö
תͷ㿴ǿЦׯ
ԭׯƤÿʱЦھǼӣʱ͸ԭŭ浹һͰ͡
ŲĹۣ
ׯҲŭֻЦǹҲǿ˶٣ҧôţŶԣһë
ׯЦЦ漴üԣӦӡ

ǧ֮⣬ѪȾա
׽ͽѾеĻ̷ûڵĳ֣ǳ˺ɵڻ飬Ķ
ȻĿѾ־Ҳѡˣһ̵ħ۳״飬ʣµ׽ͽǳ׵ķˡ
ʱѾҹֲ֪˶ãе׽ͽȫɱ
ֿʼռפ󽣲棬һ˫ȻĹ˷˵ĸʼûг֣⵱Щ֡
أ
תͷɱ˻һ塣
ˡ
Ĭһո˴𰸡
ˣ
ظһĻشĴȻ̫ˡ
ȻиôɱԷܲ֡
жӦòտʼʱ߶ûзиϢʱѾоˣҺ岻ڿЦˡ
ﲢǵϳֻһҪľݵ㡣
γ󽣣׼뿪ˡ
Ѿռˣ̧ͷɫ
̯֣Լ˫֣·ǿһƷ
һǺþá
߰ɡ
ڿڣֶ̤С
ҹʣϢ˵죬ʱϢߡ
褲ûлȥ˼һ·һ·ߣѩĿĵš
ֻʮʱ֪褵ʱʣ²࣬ߺ嶼û˵һ仰ֻĬĬĸڽ褵ѩıأһȦһȦתš
ףĵһҫѩıѩ֮ʱͣ
çԭϣĬĬ鹭һֱָֻ񷡣
ಣ
һıգû붫׵֮С
褰褣ԸԴ󣬺Ҳ
ԳںޣԹ
褵仰ƺ̫ิӵζȻѱζȴûɵһȻء
һգٴ鹭һֻûʡ
Ҳôһĳ裿
ԹԵ˵ţ·ء
ѩҸһۼɰģ
ԣĽ褰ɫǾһĴΡ
褿ɬһЦֻѾϹҡ
ʯļض׼ãã񷣬褵ϢȻһ䣬ʱɱ𣬷䡣
ֱʱ߲ŻȻ֣褣ƺԼ֪Ǹ褣ǰĽ褣İ˼㣬·˶磡
·һܴϢᵽһЩǴʱĽ褣ɱ
ػʮأΪū
һؽԾ
ֻ⣬ɲǼƺҪǳ˺ѡ
ǺǣС
ɱһֱԶߡ
⹭ˡ
֮ʱӰٿűѩóǵķȥ
褵ָֻ졣
ȥ֮ʱѩϷ·ǸХĽ֯


343 ɱң
ޱߵѩ·ҲǱһûԵļڣ㱲֪ǲǶʱкȻƮ˴Ƭѩ
˴ŮˮĶëѩһƬװعã֮ϷһѩеĸշɹӰӸ
褵ĿĵأǹѺõĵطͽ̳
߲ʣΪʣµʱ䲢ࡣ
¸Ӱɾѩ׵Ĵزɽ޷ƽ˵飬û˿˵˭޷ƽ
Ҫ£˵һΪҪ顣
ߣѩԭס񣬱һ®ɽĿبֻ֮˴棬ǷܹѾ˼ʮĳ֮Ѱһ˿ۼһжδ֪ȴ˿ڸеջ
壬褵ֻƺһɴҪ࣬Ϊڽֻʱо˾֮Ͼ
һ
ӵӡ֮Ҳŵо֮Σȴƫƫ糾֮صѩлԵӴ⣿
ʱǰãѩ£һѩľ޴ǳһֻâ¶ĸо
ѩóǱһһǰڳǳأתʱʱ֣ӵбһӡ֮˷ܹȫͨΪ±ӡǡ
褽Ųֻ΢Ķһ£ָ㣬΢ɲɫϢ䵽ߺϡ
ûʲôĸоһ㶼ûУ֪ղŽ褶ָ

嵭˵֣ûġ
Ҳ˵ǰ
ѩóǣʵ
ǳؾһ޷ľͱ񣬹羵ߴＸʮ׵ĳǽûһӰֻÿһξһ̵ޡ
Щ̵ľ̬죬˻צɷ֮ܡ
ߴ׵ĳҲأûֻڴ󿪵Ⱥ棬οյߵĴ
ţһߵĻǸж೤
֮ǰͣ½Ų
ֻ΢һŹ֮ƣȻ󵭵˵ű褣·þ֮أʹУ顣
褻أͿ̾ߴϵıȻ֮䶯ˡ
˲˻
΢΢һ㶣㿴ǴѾţ׵ڿ
褣ϢϵãȻǱͨС
ӣ˵ͬʱϸ΢ıâߺһ
ȥҲ
ƺ֪褣ҲûΪߺˡ
˱ѩóǣ褲ûзУǳű첽
һûǲ߳ķóǵģ˵һ߱ѩóǣ߱㿴˲ٽ褵ˡ
ûйȥ۷羰ǰ潪ߵĺܿ죬ֻǵͷƸ
ѩóǾ޴·ʮģԺ˵
壬ҪǸŵĴߣʤļж󣿡
ɫ䣬˼Ƭ̣Ҫʤ֮Ҫɱܡ

ԼĪ˰ʱ˱š
ѩóĸţǴŽҪӱųȥ
ͬ񱨺ţͨǳǡ
һǣ̤̽ɼٶС
ǳͽ̳ڵһױ
ߵͷһױʵЩء
褲һױֻһζǰС
һױسͽ̳
߳Զһξ룬ٶðһ仰

߶ʱһ˴ֱʣǰδˡ
Ҫ֪亱֮ϡ֣żһأһʮǴ档
־ۼ֮رȻˡ
ƺߵľȣһ䡣
߻Ȼͷ˵֮ЩȻ˽ࡣ
֮ۼһȷʵյľˣֻǵλ顭
˵㲻˵ˣһʺš
Ҳû׷ʣ˽Ĳ࣬Ҫʱúõ˽²ǡ
ľ˵ܿ͵
ܿģһƬبűıǰ棬ҫ۵ıʹû̫ǰҫ۵ĻԹ⣬ȴܹһ޷ֱӵĸо
һףҲڡ
ɻ̧ͷ㿴ǱϿգһ
ȴѹ˽Ϣĵ
Щˣа롣
ǰĽȴ½Ųһҫȥ
ǰûзǰıȴ˹ƶƬ֮һСݳڽ褵ǰ
ʩȻǱעıһǡ
һ
褺ֱӣһսƷעڵ϶ѻһСɽ
Ѫ˿棬ųҫ۵Ļ䡣
ʱſǱС߳һˡ
ֲ䣬°׷ɫȴǺǱһᡣ
Ź񣬽褡
Щζ
ҡ
褲ǰ˺ԵļŪš
ûзӦҲǸоȤĺܣ㽫Ŀ䵽ߵʳָСɽϡ
ģ
ƺЩɽ褵ʵ
ٶȵͷš
ãҸƽҫ
Ҳɴ࣬һһöӲӵӡ³ġ
ƽӡµݵǰǽȴûнӡ
նһǧϾ
һһٵģ˵ôһ仰
ϾǺǣ㲻
˺ǲмĽеĻƽӡ¶תȥ
ʱӽ磬ʮʱʣ޼
ɫ䣬ĶǸ˵ĺ󱳣˫ֹؽͻ
նһǧߵϾҫԼնɱ˺ֹһǧǶԷȴƫƫⲻԵɣΨˡ
֪ҪʲôԣҪҡ
褶Ȼ˵
㣿
վסŲҲͷֻЦ˵ԭûʸڱˣҲ˵ĻǾ˫ǺܿϧõĽŻļ񣡡
ģתͷɫ
ֻٺЦ褰褣ôãҸ㣬ѾҵŮˣ
Ц褺Ļġ
棬ֻҪһΪ񣬾һղĶ顣
ˣѾŭˣýİΣһУ

ָһһֻವһ´ܵС
褽Ӱ任ֻǼѵϡ
ܣ֪褲ңҲûӡǰͲңοڣ
ɱң
ƵĿŽ褣ǿһֻ档
Ȼʱɱڣһ㶼£̫˽⽪ˣһֱǺͷΣȻδռϷ磬ȴԽ˽ĺ
ҲΪˣʱȻ޿֡
ָ߾٣ʯļ˸ű˵ĺâ
˵һ顣
褵Ѿ䣬еˮ
㣬ɱ𣿡
۽һŪ
ۣ
βûглĻеѾ뵽ĺ
һǽΪϤһ
㡭


344 Ƥ
ţһֱĴɵĽ褣ΪͻȻ֮û
ΪͻȻ֮ͺԥĶɱ֣
ҲȥˣΪ
ˣһ֮мڽ褵ˣ֮º
ΪˣΣѺͻһױܵʮһһɷǱ޲֪
ȻɱҪ
ɾˣڽУ
һɱٷȻѾȻƱ֡
ҲֶӣԻԣľԵȵȣ˵ػڱģɾˮ۷֮ɱɵıԡ
Ȼ˵Ȼ޷ȣΪȻ޷ӵǿͨ
֮£һͷͳＸʮ׻̵ڿնһŤͷһˮͰıŵϵĽֱ
±ͬʱ׳Ȼڶ˫צ棬ƫеץ褵ѡ
Х֮Χ󣬷ɳʯ֮ǵء
֮Ҳһͷ
һױܿܿ췭ظľ
ߺһۣûֻ̳֣ѡ˺˼ĿŽ褡
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ʱĽ褣һʣ޾ɱҪһ
ʯһɫĹΣ̴ŨһıˢŽ褵壬׷컩ɽ졣
һһˣҪһǰƺҪһͱɭϱݡ
ǿıƺ׼ŭССҲ죿
Хǰ˿յ˫צȻһεĿֱͷ­
ͷ˲һȴӶмؼǿֲҲǱֱļһǰ
ѽӭһצӣֻһ
һ޷ȫܿצڽ˵Ѿ㹻
һȳмʱ޿һ貹âֱס
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Ĳɱɱ˻һ嶼Щ𺳣һ֮³ҲȻˡ
ԼһҲҲģ
һ褰ɫĳɫӡǣУһҲôĿࡣ
ʯļأȻ뵽ͷ­һ㹻
ǲȽ褴ϢϵХ̴ĻڱΧѾӰأɱһתıʱ絶罣
ʱֻʮ
ƬȻδڱΧıѾҪ˶á
褻¶ڵѪ˫ӥȴȻƵȻվıֱոմ̴һͷ­֡
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ʮȻˡ
ʮȻצĳͼСࡣ
褿֣ȻץѾ佩Ӳʬ塣
ʱĽ褣ȥճצʰʬ塣
˫ĿȻʱľȺͿ־壬褲ᣬһʹ˸Ϳʬ建仯ıΣС
ϹжΪƤҪһˡ
ԹԵģȻѾС˵ʬѸһĨʬ廹ʬ壬ǹʬѾһײĹΡ
ԶȻȣȴδЩʲô仰ʱɵȻݡ
Ϲж񹭣ΪƤ
ഫȴָϸ̸ֻ֪֮ɫѪħһھ⽪褿νƤˡ
Ƥ񹭣ݴǧ֮лɱ˱Ȼɢ
ɢĻǽƤ֮еĴϤɣжꡣ
褴ʱеȻһƤ񹭣Ⲣľȡ
ƽ褱Ȼ֪ƤԨԴʱ˵ʬΪȻȲƤ񹭣ǵɬ֮㹻˲
Զն񹭣Ȼ
һ˲ʹʮΪ֮˷磬Ĳ˼֡
褴ʱɫǷɫѪҺ£޵̤
ѹǿ𾪣ǽ쿪ŵأһָ

һϵＸʮ׵ȻҵĲ̶ĳХоͿҲǰʬһѸٹ仯С
ɫأȻдƬƬѪҺ˵ϡ
ֻٶ֣һָָ̧ڵ
һǰȻ࣬ǵǧȡ
һ·Ҳ޷ܣȻ߰׳ವһ±ն𣬷ɵ褸ǰ
һץ糤ڹϡ
һ죬һƽ߹¡
Ƥ񹭣
νǴֱʣ
ٶ乭Ľ褣ɲǼû˾еƣһһ죡
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345 ͷǵŮ
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346 ֮
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347 ڿ
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348 һħ
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ôͷļͷɪɪ˿ȥᡣ
磬ҲҪ簡
߻ûи߽ڽ褵飬ֻǲͼء
뿪֮Ĳã֮ĵϿУȻһһӰ
ƮƮһɢųҵĻâ
Ǵн˻ʽıѩ۰ױ
գױһֳֽɨ·ľŸס
յ׷Ѱû뵽ȻѾѾ˵ı֮ء
ױ΢΢ǣĵϻһĨ޵Цݡ
ħ죬Ϊɽһսɣû뵽Ȼ
ױ˵ɽ֣㲻ɵԳƵЦЦɽһսħͷ˴Լֺγأ
ûǸƺעСޣԼҪħͷࡣ
ڤڤ֪֮ħͷڱ֮ĵ޸Ԫ»һĵ־ˡ
뵽֣λͷһЦԴǸС֮󣬷·ǽƵ֮ٿƺЩǰδе˳֮УѲǴ˵֮е
յСѾŴΪˣǲҪȥأ
һħ˵
һϣױ߷·Ÿס
һħհױԸǿҪƶɽٵľѣһһǲ
ŸɢŨıϢƺȫδоΣѾ١
ʥʣվͽһãСŮȸһնɽɣȻӻǴ֮˱ǡ
ױ˵ָܷܷ꣬ڻҵĻʽһĨ
ԭĻʽȻһ޴Ӱòϸ߸ϣӰ۾ޱĿһ۰ױ
ױ˵ָһ㣬ŵ׷ǰɢɲǼɳֱŸס
ƿҹһգɲǼ仯ɾ֮žŸײơ
ˣ
ϵľŸ׺Ȼ֮䷢̶Х֮ն
һöӤͷ­СĻɫ֮ĵ֮зڳ
һɫǾŸĻꡣ
Ůˣ㾹Ȼܹҵ㳢ζ
ɫзһĲ
ûеη壬ױһЦָһ㣬ֱӲסյıס
Ļȼ˷
գ۵Ĺ򣬾Ÿ׾ѣžò¶
Զε֮ĸĻɫȻһŵֱ뵽ž֮У˲Щγһס
ߣϣΪ֮ĵҾκβ𣿡
ױЦָֹһ˲両ֳĸһģһӰ
꣬
ֳǹִݡ
ˢ
ıɢꪳǹֱǰž֮еһ
ױһĨʽǰ˫գĬʼʥʵǿ
ԴӾɽһսױȴһѾ̫ã
Ȼ֪֮ڷž춯صĴսߣͽصǬɽ
Ų̤Ǭɽӭ̨߱첽̧ͷȥǴǰױµĺ档
Լ뿪ôЩӣڻȥ룬ȥѾʮףǿѹȴȻڡ
Ѿɿĸ˹߻˺һ󣬲̾ͱߵĽˡ
ȻŮô


349 
ɽϣԻȥϢˣһЩ飬֪Ī˽ǶѾа˲٣ѽ齻ɾðס
ûߵԼķ䣬̧ͷͿŮЦӯӯ߹
˺á

˻

һһһ˵ģЩЦѣЩŮʲôʱѧ˹άˡ
˿ûС
Ȥ£Ůһһ
ֱʱ߲ŻȻע⵽ƺЩ
Ҳ˲٣ǣ
߶ʱЩΣΪһģȻ֮еκһ
һӣżɬôһ󣬶ʱǺЩγˮ
Щε֣ߵԱ͵ЦļѾͷһۡ
˺á
ҽ
á
ƽһ̬ԹԣеˣһṦԼǰһɫľۼһʮλഺŮһʮ㣬߶ʱͶ˷ġ
ãֵزôҲǵˡ
ȥɣ½Ӷȥ
ߺһչ䣬
ۣ˺ÿȡ
ٷ簡

Щߴߴߵء
ʦǸòۡ
ȥȥȥȥô֪ҪǺԼȥԡ
ԭЦĿߣʱһų̂淭üһЩСѾͷƬӣ˵á
ĵ˼µСǸ˵ģȻԴ
̾ʲôʲôͽܵͬʱϲǲΰ
ôʲôζ
̧ƨɳϿ˿ʲôҲûз֡
⶯øոոľŵСĸζҪ˳
ˣӡ
ôˣ
߲תͷЩľãһѵʺš
ӡ
ˣ
ߴֵȥЦʡ
Ѿͷƺ˵Щ
ȥҧţĵˣǰЩһԳǴٵĻ˵ͽӣϣ
˵ֿˡ
üզ£
ǲʳӹݵļƣõͷ򣡡

߲һ¾վˡ
ǱʶģоƨЩʪʪġ


õĺǣ
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ȥү
ӵı
粻ûֵ̿ĵ
Ѳ춼ӵһ
úͷ߶ʱһӰѺĳ嶯
ȥүģˣ
ˣ޹أǼһȷǴ٣˵㡣
߲׷飬ŷ
ʱַǳ
ò˵һεжջǳ֮󣬴߶Щֲ
½ŮȻӽ
ڸϲõԵʣûŮٵı
˺ã
̫ʩҲΪ⣬ʥ׳ָտɴˡ
ۣ
ܶʱ򣬲гܻõĳϣҲ⡣
һ磬ȹ֮ĺǱվߵıǰ档
˫ְڿɣãûһٵһε׳١
Ǹͷϳǵ椶ģֱƷΣ
߲˵˿ΧȻϲ㣬ôˣ
ߺȻһ£æ

Ѱ޹֮󣬺漴ɪ
Сţٺ٣ô椣Ҵ㲻ˣ
ߵǲ㳲ʱǵôͽǵ棬˵ʲôҲҪųˡ
߿ԣ㿴ǰѽûʵ㣬Ҹǰѽ˺õĺܣŲŷַӵĹ㣡
ٲ֮ݱȺ˿ͣʱ˵⻰мֿŵζ棬Ҳô
ãţãЩͽͽǣٺ٣
Ǵӣɫ֮Ե쾡£·ϰĿɿڴ
Ѳɱ˼ɾʥؾȻô޳ܵļһ
ҪǲŵĻ㾡ԿҵһëҪÿ
Ӳ˼㣬˿λӡ
⻰˵ģе˸оŤǣ
νһｵһµ˼֪ģڰױȻЩ׼Ӧûõģοױϵܣ˵Ĺ۵Ӧûķ硣
ԹɫģҲˣǶ԰ױܼɵ
ɫ֮ŮҪôŮ£ҪôǺɫ֮ͽˣǶ԰ױȻǰߡ
˵ںǵУаױµŨӰ
ȣȣһе飬Ͳˡ
ǴùģһûӰˣ߻ٴιķ紵һƬȹ¶ѩѩ׵һƬȣɬ֮µǾ޷ǳ
˵ļһʶľҪȥոƺֱվһߡ
䣡

ðɣǱģ»Ҫ
ǰʥ㼸һֶֻò꣬ͻȻ֮ôˣҪƵĻƲС
һ߿ڵʥؽ¿ãѩһ
ñѩ壬Ҳ߲ǰ֪ġ
ʾ⼸λŮԼ˵ԺҵˣûиƵĹУοǵҪ
˵ͷжǶǺһ·ߵһ۵С䵽ٲ֮һš
˽սãķãؿãСãԴá
һȥߵǵԼĲŻѣôϬĳƺһǳɡ
˵֮߷ǷּλŮЩü
ôˣ
Щûֻҵ²Ҫеӡ
ĪȻһ˫ӶߣȻǲɵ顣
һͷǰˡ
ðɣǵ˼Ҳ
Ů͵Цŵͷ·׸һ鷳Ǻ顣
߻ӻ֣ʾѩ
ղеӣ
ҲֻĿˡ
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һ£͵Ĵ׻ʱһɧң֮ãȻҲޣ˵ֵ̬ġ
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˽սãĪķãؿãСߵãԴãѩã׵İ׻ã֮á
鶨£ߵ߶Ԫ̿
λʥػӭǡ
䣡
ţã֮ͻᰣ
䣡
ðɣǱģЩСǻѡĸãǾͿǵˡ
˰ͷεķ֣治һɵĻ


350 ½Ե
˴ȻǲסİŶͷ
ȻǴˣݬ޷ģʥҪ׳󣬱Ҫࡣ
תƼѺׯķǰ
Ķڷֲ֪ɶŲվߣȻûһŭͺˡ
Բı飬ׯԳһЦЦʵһĹ֮ˣҵɽţҲĽҲκ㣬ҹĺõͣԸЧ
Ŷ
߲ɫģԳˡ
˵ʵڻׯһ߶߿˼֣һԭƺҪһһ߹ȥӣû뵽ȻͻȻ֮תˡ
˵һ飬ֻеˮֵá
ΪܹӹܷɺţɺûˣƤҲзɺţģ绯Ϊѡ
ȻΪᷴ޳СˣȴǶׯ˵ʶʱеȣ˵ĳǸ
ԣҪ㹻ĳ⡣
ҲɵӣƾһǾԲġ
ʱׯҲף̸ûжּۻ۵أһ㶼ûУҲʮֵ۹ԣɺŴа꣬Ȼ˵ֻţǵ̻ЩģŵùңɺŽĻ֮ġ
۾΢Уׯһᣬͷ
ɽĳ㹻ôҵǲһá
ׯЦЦĵЩζ
ʱ֣ѩõ֮ʮЩĵׯһͬɽ
æ͵еȥ顣
ʩһŮճյŴ񷢴ѩ׵ĳɢڼͷ˶С棬űƿûʶ
һİĻͬһȺİˣʼš
һֱڵŸ罪褵ĹȻԼ֪ƺԶܻصԼߣȻǿ̷
ڸо˵ϢŮתͷǰѩдˣҪ˵Щʲôȴ֪οڡ
߲ȥӴŮֻǱ˫ֿд񣬾˵ҴӦչ˺㣬Σ
ģ
㶣Ѿ֪˵ˣȻȲʲôһ峤ϣôɾһ֮أˣ˶Ҫġ
ǰڲõĽϲǲͽһ硣
ЦתͷȻŮա
ŮȻƺûԼԶϲǰҪЩʲô
գֻãȻĵͷССûɵһִ١
ͷϵļһһģɷǺÿ
ɽϵһӦʩڲƣҲر𽻴ҪѩֳŮרչ˽飬ʳߵġ
صסʱ䣬ŰҪĶ
⵱λҪģһ𰵽ܵ
õ𰵽ܣ߿νǻ˲ٵĹȴ˿ûͷֱһѩһУŻȻʣڿġ
װ˴ƤϵõģڿԶˡ
褵ǽСߵƣܲҵӦƷ
ǽ֮ʱ
֣һֻаƴСˮĹͽ褵Щƣ߷ȥҲĥˮɶ֮
룬ߵͷ
ȻԼǾת褵ýǡ
ˮ˽飬߲ٿСѾͷ˼˵Ȼһ·Сܵ뿪
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һ·СܵģδԼסӭ㿴վƺרŵˡ
Сߣôˣ
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С˼һ£С˵үүˣȥ
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ֻһͷԺб뵽࣬ɱǳȫ棬Ҷڣħ̫ӣõˣͨʦһִսȺĺɵɣȵȡ
ɱǳӶţ֪ݱ䵽˺ֵز
ո𲽵ĸʹӶǷѾ׶ɱ
һἰ߲ŷԼȻ̫Сˡ
߱ı仯С߲֪˵ʲôֻһ˫ϣ
ãû⣬Ǿٵɱǳһ⣡
ڶʱ֣ѩһ˻ˣׯûдʲôֽţܹʵʵİѷɺЩļҵ׻ȫ˳
ȻׯûΥϷ߾ϵĽƣָʵ
ׯȻ뿪ʥأһлҪȾɲС
ȻӦСҪɱǳһˣȴû̾ߣϾɱǳй࣬ԲҪƻȫС
˵ʱڵȣǰĺѾӽڻ꣬ױҪ˶þͻ
ױʥ̩ɽԼû˺֮ǡ
պ󣬺ڻױڹ
ֻǰױĹߴΪ𾪡
λʵıѩۣһθ˶飡
ûдһĵң
ױĵһ仰ЩԻ󲻽⡣
һĵңȻеģ·
ױ˵Ĳᣬ߲ҵ飬ֱӰ쵽ԼĵУͿױ˫һӣ߰˰˵Ķ˲ռݵҵһռ䡣
ʲô
񣬳ŵצһĶʱŴ˵
ž߲ȱȫʬ壬Щʬ壬֮濴Щ֮еʬ壡
ȵȣ
ǣ
߶һ鼸ʮ׳ͨ¶ɢźϢĿɿڴ
Ůֲ̫ˣȻ֮Ķôһ
ʶЩ
ױԵϢɫЩ԰ס
ǵġ
һЦܲɣǰЩӸոմӱ
ֵױЦˣ䵱ɺϵ飬Լ˰ٰ㹦Ŵһħ䣬ûײľ͸ˡ
ˣûˣҪЩУЩͽͽǣɽͷЩ䣬񡣡


²ֻеɡ
ױ۾˵֪Ȥ˳ȥ
ȻױˣҲ飬׼ǰɱǳǡ
һպ̣˴СߣеĻĪ룬˽ԭ֪ϲȥ壬һҪȥɱǳǣֱӾʹӦˡ
һˣߺĪ˽ֱʩչţСֱɱǳǡ
ſɱͼռķٶҪ࣬ҲһյĹܹ
˴ɱǳǣǽȣȸ˵Ĳ죬ߵݣɱǳȫ棬˿ӳ
ȻɱǳĲ٣ȴδȥһҲǱźǰȥһ·ϴҲõ˲ٹɱǳǵѶϢ
ҷ¶ǵˡ
ߵĽܣʮϵĸиһ䡣


351 ɱǳ
ȫǣıѾõȫ浽ͷ˸գ˭ưոݣοɱǳַͽۼ֮ء
ͼıǵ˺࣬˫ֶ㲻
һɱǳ֮УϣЩźá
ӣɱǳѾߡ
һߵͼռɱǳǡ
СޣҲҪҵ壬͵ˡ
ͼеıʵЩͲסˣͼռѹԽԽǶռ䷨һ㣬ֻܹСǬô򵥣ǻڱ飬ԽԽǿѹȸöǰδеΣС
Ҷǡ
ߵǱֵһ㶼
ɱǳǴǰȥϴ뿪ƺû𣬳Ȼߴףǽصѹֵĵزһ߲ʲôͨһοɾͲһˣֱͼɵľԽǽ䵽˳ڡ
һעĽ䣬߳ͼռ䡣
ɨɨΧ̾ɱǳǵǰɱǳǣֻϢȴǴһˡ
˽Ҳע⵽ˣ࣬ǻ˲̼־Ӫĵ棬ҲӶŵţ΢һ·λֱɱǳǵĶ
ãǰĴ󲿷ģûٵı仯߰żܿҵСүүס
ѾõСԺС߿첽˹ȥ
СǣžȻĴ˨˵ģȻˡ
žž
СߵСĵֱ졣
̴һŭ
ϷȥʲôʲţϷҲɣ
һûүүС߶ʱޱȣүү쿪ţңС߻ˡ
һȣ۵һ±Զ򿪡
ݵȻʵգ֮Ʈ˼ǰ
үү
ССܼһͷ߻
ͷȻܼüëһһġ
˺һ˲ƽ߽Ŀ䵽һһ
һ˻ص£߿ѯʣ߱㽫ɱǳǵı仯˳
Դ˫ڰɽȫɽһս֮ɱǳǵľƾͱóײȫơ
˫ɱǳԱλؽţͽ֮಻£ɱǳǵĸӶţȺѾʮӶͶ˫Ϊŵͽ
ȫڰɽһս֮ʧٳ֮ٶȻصɱǳǣȴʼձŲΪѵм
ɱǳеľѾ˻ҲĵزɱǳԭͶŵִݣ֡һ㣬ȫѵõһֱųĬ
֮ɱǳǵľѾ׻ңûκܹȫӵɵӶĵط
հɽȫΪѶԼҪ̳ͨ׼Ѿ˿ɵ˭ͻȻֵҶڳ״ļƻͬʱҲѪõӶų׵ȫĶ档
ɱǳǾƻңǰҵȥҲգҲգҪǿࡣ
˽һɱǳǵľƣǡİʱλ£֡
԰үүһ뿪Ƶطɡ
СҲһ԰ǻ
߳ˣЦЦͷúãⶼһϹͷˣ˵ʵĲٶˣȻС߸ˣǾȥɡ
ʱ˽ᵽҪǰĸʹפȥǸʲôˡ
Ҳԣ󹤷㵽ԼӶŵפڣֻǼ˻ȻǣѾ˷ǣԭפѲڣȡ֮һ޴¶춷
ʲô
˵Ƕ޳ɣһЩѰ̼ȡķʽǲǰġ
˵⶷𣬱Ȼš
ȴ٣ԼĪǧΧڶΧŶͷƴ

۾һɨǶʱ̣Ȼ뿴ġ
ǴڵȻôӲ
ԴߵһȥԺ󣬴ڱпʼΧεģֱǰɱǳжչǱ׽ȡ֡
ǿսҲʵ˾ޣ˵˳ϵٴ
һѱĶ׵κһˣ෴ģһֶﳹ׵ϿһˣôһӾͲٱ仯
Ǵ֮ߣ֡
ߴ߶ԪֱӴȥ
䵽ڶԭƴһͷԼͷҪͻ޲ĴںȻ˫һͷһХצߴɵΧǽȻûܹסڵĽŲ
һԾֱ߶
ͷǾȻţ
񱼶Ĵڣ˽Ī붼ܾȡ
ҲܶΧǧ˾ȴĺԼ첽ԭӦǴڵ˵һȺһĴڵԴЦɵץʱ䣬ֻèҪˡ
ڲ䷢ֲĵͺ
ˣ߰ɡ
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ڹȻӣǰ˺ûӣȻЩ뿪ˡ
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üɱǳжģϾȫ棬ȫɱǳǣһȫʮа˾ŻѰ
ҵǡ
ͷܲһָָָŭĿӵĴڣָָߡ
ǣ
ҡͷЦЦŴڵͷҵģٲߣɱ㡣
ɱ
ͷ·һʲôЦЩȥĴƤЦ˺һ漴ЦҲ˭ӿǣ
һ
ͷû˵꣬һĨӰͷֱӱԴʷʵӹغ«һĵ¡
ҹ˭
ʮֲмĨȥϵѪŤͷߡ
еֶΣǴԽԽϲˣǰŰ壬ֻڲʺĵطģԭ壬ҲǷɧļһ
ΧһʮצͬĿֵ˶ɵˣǸ벻ţ˾͸ײһ򵥡
ŵˡ
߶忳ͷһ㶼ûСүүһĵ
ŵˣ˾²С鷳
Ǻǣҵֲһˡ
һЦ˿ȥΧͱ˵Ŀ⣬ֿȺȥ
˵ʵڵģʱܹסûг嵽ţѾǺܹȫˡ
ǸŮûǶĳŵ
ԽɱǳǸߴĳǽ̧ͷŷһţڴɽŽĸЩ̤
ɱǳǲԶ߱㿴ǰһ˾ڵ·룬ǡ
ȥϸֱ棬Ȼ֪δȫ棬ˡ
ȫ棬ɱǳǵľƿߡ
˷ŻŲǰߣԶӱ


352 Ϻݻ
ȫ棬ʵ벻˴һ֮⻹ѡ
ʽһǰ粽ɽµôղӺһսҪȴдһ
ȫȴδת˫ԶƺӲӵĳ䳱ǡ
ǿ֮ıƴѾһ㡣
ȫ۳䳱ǣľˡ
һ£ȴǰλһ۲
ȫڻתͷȴǷâ¶ˣհɽһսڶڳȴ˽ȡߣһ̡
ɳǰƽ֮ܲɻ˵˽ȻΪɳһ˵һܹݷӿ
ȫȻΪ⣬Ӣ۷Ȿ磬Ҳ󰭡
ǵ˽죬ȫҲòȥţƺһߡ
ִٲã־
ңҵ
沢ͳһħܾ֮ͻѪȷ硣
˵仰ȫ浱оܵĻЩЦˣɳǴ󻼣ݷӿĻõĹ˫ϣǸӵУ
˫ԼѾ޼ɵƽԸһͨħﾡνʿ
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ȻǽңԶĴ⣬ֻҪ۵Ļβܹ׳ʥصʵ
Ȼ˵û٣⻼ǵǣοʲôʲӵӪһֵͬںХǰȻֺĻɶֵͷ
ܿϧǣ۵Ľ룬ͬٳɲãһ;ٳɣǳ
Ȼ۵ĽǳôֻǰͰߡ
Ĵ٣ʵڲоȵˡ
ɽϢ˼죬ڷǻˣʱ䣬ҲǸǰˡ
֣ҡƲ֮Ҫʱóˡ
ڷҲֱӣܹ֮ﶺؼǾ˲ּСˡ̽ѰɻСˣ˵ÿһϸ̵̺Ĳмͱӣһ˷ҡ̽أǾ׵Ѱѡ
׼һ£
İ壬ڷ˶ûϾЩӶˣһ칤


4 ҡɵ


356 ɳ
ɳǷнɳרǹ
ɳǽƮƣɳǹ籩ꡣ
ϸ˵ɳڶݣƿضɳǵȴǶеһңҡ
ڶžԵĻȨƿغٲһ壬֮۷ֻǿڶݣɳɾȨ
һߵ˵ĿĵǶ붫ɳǻ൱һξ룬ɳǺͶ֮ɹĺ´ĮССħɵĶ֮ء
ô㣬Ҫȵĵﶫһ˳;棬ǸСĿ顣
һ˴˵ؿԴоǽ顣Դãͨʣؿʵǰ֮ǿһ˴ȥٲûһ
ڽ飬Ҳ֪ǷԸ⣬֮Ǵˣû취Ѿͷ̫ȺˣȻ˵ʵΪͨʿ磬Ǿƾһöȫڳ״СǣѾôȺʿǿĪˡ
߲ûпԼӵСǬ飬Ԧͼһ˳Ŷȥ
ݵݣмҪƹӳֵ֮൱һ·̣ԹƾͼٶҲҪʮµĹ
켸˻ЩЩȤ£ȤҲĵĴͷβˣǸɴҸĵط
ͼСǬѾ𽥳ͣߵٳ涫Ŀռ䣬µĲһǣ˵ҲзԲûдеĹ죬ӯԭʼֵϢȮʯĹľϪƣѾɾζ
ûнӴ̫İ˵ԵʣĻ٣ҲֻʱŻ˵ϼ䣬ʱ䶼һ﷢
ڷȻΪʲôȥ˼ŮҪ֪˴ζһУɲɽˮô򵥣һȻһȷѪ꣬ôһŮͲϺô
ôŮϸע⵽Ůر֮
˶ҿȥˣҪԦͼȻܰȥƺûǱʶֻǾĴߡ
Ҹȥ˺ңԶĵط𣿡
ĬãȻ̧ͷʡ
Щʧתͷʱ㿴Ůˮ˫գУ߬ŽΨһµĶǸˮ
֪ȥҲûʲô壬Щصĵ˵ͷ
·һ˿ϣ׵ĶɱŮҲƲסһʱȻˮߵӣŲ԰׵ջ䡣
ҴӦҪչ˺㡣
߱Ŷ˵䰲οĻϧȴ֪˵ЩʲôҲǵʱŲòϣԼȻǰǰһ޶ᰲοŮӡ
Ҳǽ褵Խ̫Ůһֱʧȥ˵ʹ֮У·ȫûߵĻ
Ҳ˵ʲôתȥ
ƽ֮Ųϵ򶫷ǽֲɽ˺ܴı仯
عޱߣĲԡ
ԶԣǽֻƷƫһϸ壬ϸ֮ȴ·ǣȻһֳǹĺ
ӹɣֵ͵ĽֺͷԴڶɳǵӰ졣
ɳǵңǹԵ׿ǹɵ˵ɳǲóǹóĶ죬ǹϣٶжɳҵӰӡ
ɽͶǹǿҲۣǶɳڶӰλɺһɳǾѷɫ١
ƽ˲٣мҲʹһЩڽյ飬Ȼ褵Ѿ޷ôҪȥˡ
߻ǽ˹ȥ褵󣬱ΪòϧΪУԳͽ̳ĴӢۡ
ʱ붫ݾڵﶫɳ֮ǰ߲κһС
պ󣬶ɳͷڶ;ңң
Զ֮µĶɳǣһԵǹһȻκǿе̬ơ
ھ붫ɳǻʱ߽ͼռ䣬һſĴɳǴߡ
ʮף·ƽʯ̾ͣм䲻֪ʲôЩָǴСʯνһ𣬻Ȼһ塣
ʯϣһֻ㱵ĴԾĲƺ±˳ǹ
ڷǰߺͽм䣬Դеؿ
һ·ѾΪٵʿҴҶУӲ˵ǵĿһΪ˼Ķҡ
ҡഫޱߣԵأв䣬ҷ·ҡǵЩƷĸԴΪÿһηҡʿǰȥѰٻԵռȴδ˵ҡϱѹһյ˵
ƺǶҡڡ
ڷҡ˵ǷҡһĴ档
һĨб֮ʱһΡ׳ĶɳǴǰ
ɳǴһʽĸ¥¥һΣһŲ׵ӡеƷŲ裬ʱʱĻὫĿ䵽·ϣĿϼۡ
ֱ΢ɫ˫ĿŲ룬ĿתĶŲҶǽζ
ֱ˱ֱüĿһӢˣʱĿ䵽·һϡ
δֻƵĵ˴󹤷Ϲˡ
䣿
΢ĿӲջ˳·ĵϼһ̵ģ˭֪һͲסį
ͷ񹬵еȸأҶδˣΨϹࡣ
ĿջȻЦЦ֣˵ȸǵһһŮӣ֪Ǽ١
΢ЦҿǼٵģ񹬸ϵشһŮε𣿡
Ҳǡ
ͷҥ档
ɳΡ׳ĴţлЩ죬ĶɳǴǰȻûУѵ͵治ʲô֮ͽȥ
룬ԼҲûɶϵ
ŶɳǵĶɵǰߣ۾ֵǳ̼Ŀ֮һǵͷ
ʱһ˱һΪ¥Ĵ;¥ǰͣ¡
Ϣһ˳һЩϡ
¥أ¥ģӴ󣬷Ϊ¡º͸¥ÿһ¥߲㣬װݻһӦʩȫ
ʱֵϺҪǰҡѰٻԵʿۼ֮ʱ¥Ϊ
ãûԱĵز
ʱ֮һѾ¥а
ڵ䷿ߺڷһ䣬һ䣬ؿԴͽһ䡣


357 С¥
ɳǳ޵϶һ֮⣬ǲ𲻴󣬲ʳס޶˾İ޷ӦҲǶɳܹµһҪԭˡ
ҹĻ٣¥еƻԻ͡
극֮߸ؿ˼ڷһ¥Ĵ֮ϡ
ǰҡʿڶɳǴ̫ãϾⶫɳǲηҲֲϷҡϵջ󣬺οֻڶɳһò˳Բ
֪һѰ֮עвСķ粨˶Сڳлһʱ˳ĲճƷ
鵤ҩǲָܹõˣһЩƷԵ͵ĵҩЩ
λܲأ۲Ƶͬʱǵõ˲ٲͬõĵҩҩ˵ڵҩǲôġ
ɳǵĽֵͬ޶ӣ㼯ˣհ̯ɫɫˣʱشĻЩβڴʿǡ
ϺĿĵȴֻһǾǶҡ
߶˲ûڽֵ̫Ķ˶֮㷵¥
;һֽǲ¥ʱߵЩıע⡣
Ҫ֪׵õϢĵط޷ǾǾ¥ˣȻڶɳǳģĲ¥һȻһЩջ
Ǵ˴Ȼ˵ͬŶҡĴŶõϢȴ֮١
ߣȥ¥
ڷȻôʱ¥Ǹһٲ¥
ʱ֣ǲ¥˶ʱڽλ£вˮһϺõĶҶ衣
ĻԼĪʮ߰꣬üĿĿȥʱֵĻ飬ɲɫ룬ܽ
ò裬ƹ˵λñȥæ
¥Ǹɫ˵Ļ켣֮أǶԶһ֪˵ֻҪܹвСջ񡣡
֪ڷӦòôͨصķ飬ԺȲ֮ȰĿ˵ˡ
ڷͷ֪˵ûֻǵȥҡû˻֪֪һЩģҲ˵
˵ûУ´ĮЫֿʼɧǵĴƹˣ
һû꣬߾˹ں´Į顣
֮ǰҲͨһЩ;ĹһЩϣ´ĮСħ֮жλٵ壬ȻϮۼأһ뵽ǵ̣ǻܵĹ
Щͷʹޱȵ츳֮ŲǻۣҪ´ĮСħʿʹ಻
˿˵Ыӣں´Įеһ壬ΪЫβ壬ҲΪЫ
ЫβҲʷƾõһ壬ǺսѪ츳о綾˽˵ЫβҲӪʮǰȷ֮һ͵˽İħһһ
ȻܹΪӪʮȷ֮һ󵱳ĺЫβöôǿ
һͷм˷Ϲ
ֻһ˲ΪȻĵǰЫֳɶҪ֪ƹĿҵһţټѪɵ㹻ЩЫǺһˣ˵Щפƹصĸˡ
Ҳͷ
ƹλڶݵıνӺ´ĮڵĿľΪԤݷں´ĮСħ֮е壬ֹϢǱ뵽ϡ
ҴƹвжɳҸ򣬸вٶݵĸ֣ʿ١
˵ֻҪ´ĮСħ֮е岻ȫҪƴƹؼֱǳ˵Ρ
˵ǸʲôҡҪˣϧûʵҪȻһȥһ⡣
ЩɤƲ˶Щɳǵԭסû츳Ҳһͨͨ˵ҡȻϧѡ
˵һηҡֵʱΧǾۼ˳ǧˮ֣ΨܹЩˮֿܹϵĿܡ
ȻΪɵĶǺõģ
һһΪȻ̬˵
ٺ٣ǲ֪һݾȥҷҡϿкöٺ١
˺ٺ˰죬˲ŷڹӡ
ҡкöһ˭ϣҪȻҲ˶ʿԶϺܹˡ
ʲôö㵹˵
˵ȲˣϾҡϢɲô׾͸¶ġ
ٺ٣
˺ȻһЦѹɤӵԶ˵ˣӣҸҪǣЩӶû·ǼֱҪ˵˵
ã˳ǿʼܻˡ
ЩЦĺŲ裬ٵϹ
ڷҡĴţνǧٹ֣·ÿһĶһ֮ԺҲûظйɿѭĶ֡
·𶫺ҡÿһζһµ̬˵ǰκѰҹɵĻᡣ
ҲǣһرػԵ೤ıɽһѰ˹ɣһֲܿ飿
˴ԼһʱִŸִ˵˸߰˰ˣȻֲ٣һȴʮֵȷǾǷҡȻдӦ˶ڷҡΧҪϷҡˣҪЩ޹ӵ
ξǣҡΣ棬ȻɾһĴڣΣգȴҲ˿ѷɫڱ鲼ɽϵЩյؽء
֮һ㣬ҪڷҡϵõôԼҪʵû汾£ҵ˷ҡտҲǺʬҰĽ֡
صסֱӵתؼϵúͲ
ȸ쾭Ǳͨһε˲֪٣Ǵȸ쾭һ·߹ģȻ˵
֮ԱͨҪ߳һΣ̶ܴΪͨʩչ϶ǵΧԪ֮ԵУԪصۻǱһơ
ͲͬˣͨؼȻĹͨȻ
ͬԸԪΪԴǴӿеͨȻͨǿһĿȻ
ΨһյҲ֪⽫Լͻؽ磬ͻһ̤ĿԿס
һп϶Ͱʱڲ棬ֻҪңȻͻˮɡ
ڶɳǴһգϣһʰñˡ
Ӷɳǵ߽Ĵƹأм仹мǧ·̣ͼ֣ǧ·̵ǲʲô
ûкʿһһֱ߳ɳһξ֮ʩչʲôطֱڳоʹ߶ͼռ䣬˶ֽȥֱӷߡ
ڷɳһǧ֮󣬵ϱԿɳĮļˣѾǺ´Įıء
ȻӶɳǳʿڶ࣬ÿ˶Լطѡ·Ҳһûˡ
ʱ֣˶ɳλڶҲĹؿƹء


358 Į
ΡĴƹأһ˷â¶Ĵǹǹֱָ´Į
ƹǿףһǹӽǶ
һһǹصݵס
ϵģӼʮĴƹؾȻһĪķػţߵͼҲ޷ֻ֮ͼӹؿء
ͶɳǲͬƹصĹؿǿжʮ
ǴսǿѪɵˡ
ҵѪɵŽɫʣҵ˽װһѿֲ˼ĸ֡´Įһնɱ˵ʱԴƹвܴħһͼţӶħһں´Įн
˶òϣѪɵʵֱ׷ǿսʿʿ
ǿһ֧飬Ҳֲڶɳеİλܹ
һƹعؿڣļ顣
ЩŴʿӿ봩ƹأ̲ҲԽԽ࣬ԽԽϣ´κһҪƹصˣܼ飡
һѪɫսս۵һ˫ӥһڼɨһ飬ʾͨС
Ѫɵһһĸ֣̲ĸ־Ŀʮؽ
ƹʮؽĸ֣ƹصķǶôǿ
ƹصĹؿڴţ̤봩ƹС
ȻͶɳеĲֽһһŵĽߴҲҲܵһƹأӵͳ˧Ӫ
żмݾһС
߲ڴƹضһ΢Ϣһᣬֱ뿪ƹأ̤´Į
̤´Įһð֮õʼ
ƹǶڶһߣۼ֮أΣķɱ
̤Įû·ѭֻǰĳһ򳯶ߡ
·߲ʱܹսĺۼЫβֹƸжǿ
Įķɳһֺܲĸоҷɳ֮лѪȡ
߳ûãֱӴ߶ͼռ䣬ٶȽ뵽ͼռ档
¿ʼÿ˶ҪԼ״̬ΪʱпܷսϾЫβɲǲ谭̤븻֮صİʯ
һԼ¶ںЫβĹΧ֮ڣɥĲԲĴġ
´Į󣬲һʱܹ̾ᴩģ·;ʱʱĻῴԦ缱ٷɹʿԼʹøַзᴩĮӵܺŵӡ
һηҡ˵ǽؾųɾŵ꿡㶼˹ǻųݻм飬ҪڷҡϻȡһԵˣӶӱһˡ
֣ôûпһЫ¶ͷ
Ѿգ;Ϣ֮϶ͼռڣڲСǬѾȫԸͼṩת߲˷ܹг;ķС
УߵûпЫټƺЩŵļһȫ治ˡ
ЫβסɳĮ£ǽԼɳĮ֮УȻں´Įĳһ䣬һЩЫӵĴѨ
ȻЫҲǺ飬ǿ԰ĵĸ·ϢҪ֪ЫǷǳģڴĮܹ֮ŵ˻ζ
ں´ĮУЫβĵ˲࣬ΪЫһЫӱǿ֮⣬ŲͣҪһЩԭЫźܴвֳ׽Ыǵʳ滮
Ȼں´ĮкЫĵ˲ûУ˵
ЫǴ󣬵ǿ͸úЫ䵱ʳȫûϰ
ڷ;УǽҼʶһ´ĮеߣԼڴöûԸĺЫ
͸ͼռ䣬߿ԿʵĿһѷޱȵĴ󽣣ֱӽ£Ŀ꣬Ȼһͷȥƺ䵥˵ĺЫ
о˵ĿЫߣͼ뵽ɳĮ֮С
ҲǼʶ˺Ы®ɽĿ
Ыϰ°Ыħ壬˫۴ִǰ˲ָһԾ޴Ыǯӣȡ
ԺЫߣڿյĿ˿ûзŹ˼ӳո£צ׼֮еĺЫ
еǿߣʳ϶˵ЫȻҲǻ壬ı䲻˱ɱĽ֡
Ы񱼣ĸ塣
߲ûнעŵһɱ棬ֻע֮󣬱ǰС
ĮХһ˲ƽĻɳһ̾Ϳɾ̳
û뵽ǣǺܿ˴鷳
һֱܰҲ˵ֻǾĴߡ
ͻȻͷϵļ˸һȦȦĹɢȥ뵽С
Σˡ
ЩĵĿڣˮӿߡ
Σų˵ĸ֪
ʲô
ޱ޼ʵĴĮԲʣΪʱ˿κΣļ
ԻһеĿ磬֮ͻι
磿
һ㶣漴ɫһ䣬֪˵Ŀʲôˡ
Į磡
嫵ĴĮûֲûиɽͰɽûУ
ֵطʺɣ
ĮԻеĿֲɱ֣
ĸ
˿ɽĸ֪ǴĮ磬һʱӦ
ܿ졣
ޱȿ϶ĵ
ʱҲ˵ĶԻɫ
Į֮ȻΪɳ۳˿ºۼǾӪļҲ޷⡣
ֵܣôûа취ù
֪Ҿ԰ɡ
ߴʱҲֵĽˣȻ˵ͼռıӻ᳹ҪǵһĮεг̱ȻᱻϣһʽУпܻᱻ񵽻ɳ֮У
ߣ
ȻǴߺԥ̿ͼռ䳯űɡ
ֻǣʮӣ˾Ϳ̳գ˲佫ԲĻɳ֮ڳһƬӰ
ǿҵȻԶ˶ܹоͼҡΣ
֮УƮҶûзĻᣬΨһľ沨
ʱ˿̣ԴĮǾǿߣҲҪ¸߹İתӣ
Įǿ˲Ϣ֮ҪǧĿֲޣ
ٶȺܿ죬֮ϻɳڣƽؾǧˣۿɼһɹɻɳ翪բйһĺˮ
ȥ
У룡


359 ʮޣ
ĴĮ磬һĺֱĺᴩ´Įƽ̹Ļɳ֮ճһǵ֡
߲ͼƴűƶͼٶѾﵽޣĸоڿ֮ҡҡ׹ֻζ
ͼķжǿ߲֪ĮȻǿҪ˺ͼ
ˣƫгѾǲɱˡ
֪֮䣬Ѿ򱱱˺ü
۵һ̶ȣŻᵼĲҲζŴĮȻǿƵǸǵչޡƶ˺üıء
ͷȥȻԿߵĿЯ̳գڹĮһڵľ
ټ죬СʱĮ֮Ѿ׻ָƽֻʣҷĵɳ
˴Į磬߲ûͣǰ
´ĮΣأ⵱ȻֹǴĮܹԵĴĻкܶܶ࣬߳ĮΪǵѡ
ͼ˸ŻɵĹԣһ㻮ĮϿգֱСħ
˴ֱӿصĵؽ磬һʶ֮Ѿǹޱˣ´Ӷؽ뵽Ǹӹĺ´Į˺´ĮеСħСħıأǺͶνӵĵط
Ȼ߿ɲΪ綫ľͷȻ͸ãã޼ʵĴ󶫺һǱء
ֻããһܹԽġ
ռٷУǴĺ´ĮСħ
Щȵǣһ·ᴩ´Įԭʳ߶˶ȺٵĿ˲٣Ψк´ĮȺưԵĺЫȴʼûɹģģżҲ䵥鵽ץֻ
ԭȺȺĺЫȥ
Ҫ֪ǰúЫģִƹţ˶̵ʱ伣׵ĴӺ´Į֮ʧˡ
ȻɻɻȻ벻Ȼ
СħںЫȻȻľ͸²ˡ
ŭĴʯͬԵĺ磬һֶĿһµĸоʯĸɫˮֲǹһɶõǳ
Ѿվ͸ͼռе촰档
Ǻ𣿡
ѩѩΪߵĳ֣һӶѩ̤һô󺣵ģԶһеĻ棬Զǵĳǰʲô󺣳ͷĴʲôʺĳХֻǴ˵
ƣİûһĿ
ǽ죬ȴĿˡ
߿ĿϸֳǹŨŨ
ǺǴ󺣡
ǵģǺȵǰ棬ÿ
ģ
תͷЩŵĿߣǰĴѾˣѵ˵бƯĺ
ģϾʹȥ
΢΢Цţ߶ͼռƮСħϿա
󺣣ǰˡ
ǰĺĲͬȻǰСħϸ˵Ǻȴǰĺûеһѱͷȫһ˿һΪԼĿ
ʱ߶ЩڴĶһʲôӡ
߿ɲΪСħİͣȻƬԲĺô˽⣬ǵնϾͲѲ²⣬бȻʲôֲĶ
߻ǷɵС󺣵»ʲô޷жϡ
СħԲ󣬰ͼķٶȲվܷɳ
ŷɳǧ룬һֱڹۺĽͻȻŤͷ˵Σա
Σգ
һ㶣űʣܸܲоʲô
һлңҺǰСѾͷˣȻпô˶֪
ƺһ֮ǰûʲôģ൱ĲĪΣ
ӦǸںס
ף
߽ĿͶ·򣬽ʯĺȻƽȥûй춯ļ

߸˵ȻϼʯȻĪĶ֮ҵķЩ춯ĽʯȻӺ
ʲô
ڵ˶۾·棬ʱҺǼ˶ϿգҪȻû˶ȥǾǺˡ
˾޴̣öӾͿԲ²⵽ȻǾްԼĹޡ
ڣƬƬĺˮڣʯƶŹߵķ䣬ߺȻЩƶĽʯ澹ȻһƬƬ糵һƬ
ôƬ
ߵһӦȻǺҿֲûߡ
ߣ
ݶ룬ҲûʱȥۿֱӽͼٶȡٶȴƬħ
߼о߶ͼ˲ûнĿƿע·
Ϳ淭֮ŸСɽһ㸲ƬĶӺ
ʲô
Դ˲侪˴Ĺɴû
߳УźϿһۣʱһԹԣʲôһ
ֻоŸޱȵľ޴ͷ­ڻչѪ۾ҫ۵Ƭ˫ǣſֲʷǰϢ
ʲô
߲Ծðһ䡣
ôֲĴһû˵Ҳκͼ־
⡭
ؿǧޣʱһ˼ƺԼҵ˵ȻϢ
Ͼ޴Ĺֻ̽˾Ÿͷ­ӴȻںˮУ֪ж
޾Ÿͷ­֮䷢һԺͼۿɼΧΧĽʯ׷ѱɡ
ÿֲ
߲˵ֻǽĴ߶ͼѸ޵ĹΧ
겻ķ˺һߵ˲һֻǳ͸͸ûй˵뷨
̧ͷԶԶԶѾ˽ʯͷѾൽĶˡ
ˣһһʷǰޣо׶ʮޣ


360 ӵ
磬ֲʷǰޣһߵ治ףãоյĵ˴󶫺
󶫺ãã޼ʣСħӵλҲǴ󶫺ıϣм죬ЩСħеı鲼СȻһ㡣
ԽСǴ󶫺⼸ҲȻĳ˴󶫺ĺͱ߽硣
䵽һСϣʱ󶫺õľɫ㾡۵ס
û󺣣СħľѾȣʱĴ󶫺һƬãã޼ʲҫۣʱ۾
֪˶
ڷ̧ͷԶһֱˮӵľͷȻûһӰӡ
󶫺ĵ첻࣬ǡ
ߵ
һζҡԶﱼʿҪ˶þֻܹǲ֪Щ˵жõıĮ߻߱Сħеʷǰ޸һС̵
޷׼ȷ϶ҡʲôʱ֣˱ѰһȽΰȫڣһЩ򵥵񣬹ʱϢ
ƻ٣ϵķҲżʱ߱ԶԶСħķ򣬼ɫĹ߿ٷ򣬱㽵˺ڵһ档
˵ЩͬҲΪ˷ҡģӷзٶϿһķǱȻǿ˵һиǿ
Ȼû䵽ϣҲᣬжôǿĸ򣬵һ˷ҡȻͱ޳Īˣҡֻǿߵ̨
ԽԽǿΪ첻ðűΣոٷжʱ򣬾Ϳһ˸ź֮ɫı۴ңԶʻǳ졣
˾޴ıۣϵȥ룬߾֪ںη
رػߣǡ
׵ı۴һĺ˪Ϣƶʱ㽵䵽ϡ
ϲƽ̹Ȼ⣬޴ıֻʯʮƽȵͣΧһʵıơ
벻ԶߵܹĿӾ޴ıʮŮЩװͳһһɫףЩŮһ˹Ŀ
߿֮߳һԼĪʮߣɫĳۣҰɫĺ룬˫Ŀ
ֻۣ߳΢΢һͿǾ޴ıۻһâС
ʮŮһ˴󶫺׳ǣȻע⵽Զһˡ
ףﻹˡ
һԼĪʮŮһʱ俴Զվǰˡ
ŮһҲ׷עӹ
ߵǶ࿴߼ֻۣǰǼµĵ쿴˿һ㣬Ӱζ֮һ貵ǳǱߵȥ
ȻǳҪǴк
ջߣͿǵŮ˹
ǰͷǸȷŮŮĽС磬ȻɬȴҲǳ߹ģЩӱǻѵĴˣֻӯ鶯һЦ
ļҵģ
ԭŮ׵òߵǴѺõĺͶԷ˵˵ɲŮһһ˵ȴҪ͸ǷѴǮƵġ
߲ɵüͷ
ֻɢްɣӵܲģ
˵һ߰Ů
ѭߵǿ˵ˣŮɫҲǼڣֻǹӸ߸ϵΪʮֵĲ
ΪԼǱǵĴӵܣǾ˲ˣ
߰Ŀʲôģǿ˳ˣ߲µĲм̬ȣߵǲϾӴСǿҲ޿ɺǡ
ɢҲ̤Ϸҡ
ǰ˵ЦɢޣõĶ

⻰߲⣬ɲ˲⣬ĹùĶǼ²ˡڷ绹ã֪ЩضЩʣһͲˣһѸͷǽΨһ
ɢôˣ
ǲ޵ǰ̤һһ˫۱ų׹⡣
Աߵڷʶ̧ͷߣ߱鲻䣬ֻǾĿǰˡ

ڷȻҲǰʹһ٣ֻ
ƢȻ壬ڷĻڷһڣ㲻òֳĬ
ߣ붯䣿˾ͽϷǳѵһЩûõĶ
˾ͽһЦǰͲֵͬܽǰ
ȻҲɵԸֵطʱ㷢ͻ
ϸ磬ͲҪ˼鷳ˣǵġ
ǰĽСŮƺ֪ԼλϸƢԣҩζʱС죬˵
һʮˣ浽ڴ󲿷˶ֳĬ˵ֻа˾ͽڵˣò˵Ψ⽿СŮ˲ӡ
úãȻ˵ˣҲǡ
˾ͽ˾ͽЦЦĿߵɨһ£ȻȵĿվںĽ飬ȷе˵ǽͷϵļǡ
ʱ˾ͽӡ
ߣЩСһʶ
˾ͽϺǴȵĻ˻֣һûԼԷľ
ϸ磬ȵȣ㿴
˾ͽתҪߵʱԱһȻָŽ飬Ƿʲôһ
ʲô
˾ͽת˳˵ָȥ
һʱ֮䣬˵Ŀⶼе˽ϡ
£
˶Ǿأ˽˼µŮôͷϻһֻСǣ
ٺ٣ϸ磬椡
˻û˵꣬˾ͽϺҪ˵ʲô
椣˹죬֮Īĳɾ͸С
о˵Ŀⶼ䵽Լϣʶȫվ
˾ͽϲˣãã󶫺ʮֵļįģȻ˵еŮЩãɫǱѰǼǣݲ
ǰ̣ⲻ˯ͷĽô
ӱǺεȿ⣿
ңԷŮĶǧʵޡ
˶˽ˣȻܹɫϱ仯˾ͽпһʲôʱ˺ü֡
һΣ
˾ͽǰһǵ˭˵㣿
˾ͽϻۣ֪ԼͬڵĸҪʲôʱĹĵĵϸ磬ָʲôŲȥүүҷ㣡
˾ͽϿЦЦ˵ʲôҿûôҡͬ໥ӦǺܺõ飬˺ˣȸѩǹȥ
Ȼ˾ͽЩ˵еλĸߣ˵з
ߣǾһء
˾ͽǺȥ飬ֻϧߵסˣҲգͼŮߵһȥˡ
Ů߿ֻʣ°ӡ
ιϸǻأôư͡
ûͬͬŮڣ˵ı˲Ȼһͱ˵ζ
ʲôҪ˵ֱ˵ǡ
򶨵Ŀڵͣ
ô
ٴΣĿǰݣɱ˲⡣


361 ߷
˿ڣ˾ͽЦЦ촰˵ǵеļҺܸȤǣҿԱ֤ҡǲдԵá
˾ͽϻһڣȱľڷ

̲סˣһ¾˴󸫡
𾴾Ʋԣҿǲ
˾ͽһŵ˵
ǰһŭ£˾ͽ˵û뵽ñǣȻһǽУʧء
ܺãһڷ綼ֻ֪벻ǣǵĺӵܾȻģ
ڷĶ˵ʵڵĿǱȲߣʱûгȥѾǲˣ֮±Ѫɫĳֹһﲻϣͻᶯ֡
Σʲôʱ¹˭
ֻҪңڷ粻⶯ɱˣ˶һ޹ǣĺѲɶ㱱˾ͽҵĵ̣
ϸ磬Ƿϻֱʰ˾ǡ
ǡ
˾ͽļ˶Ѿˣȭͷ۾ƺѾޱȡ
˾ͽϵͷĬ
䣡
˾ͽϱһȳӲӹֱ
˵ļͣ൱һֵĸԴڽ顣
ȣ
˿壬һ󲽣дһĨɫ˸ķס˶Է·

ۿ˳ֵһĨЦ˫һץһ͵׳֡
һĺͿ˫ʮָӥצֱץĸͷ
ӲӲ
һ˿Ц˱СӴ
ֱӲĸͷȻ֮ã˫һȻӴɫϢ˲ǡ
󸫻ƫеĺ˵˫צһ
޸˳ǰ㣬
ӵ˫צץľ޸֮ϣ̶Ľ֮¾ȻǱ˺üҲȷʵǿľܹסβײɡ
ǺǣЩСˡ
˼סΣӵȻĴɢһĨȭı˫Ŀ˸һεĹ
ƶ壬߲վһ
ߺǽֹ֪ǳӵܹľ֮²ʵʿеٮٮˡ
ڷҲǰһ˲ţ˼Ѿˡ
ֻҪԷ˶ڷȻ
ڷʵҪȵܵǿߣڷĸ˼򲻹ԴʱȻֻˣȴҲȻ塣
ɣʲô
˾ͽһҲģԼɵܵʵɲء
ϸ磬ûǰϷôأ
˾ͽɺٺЦ£˫ȭ£һǰδеϷâ¶
ಣ
˾ͽٶһĨӰ󣬱һεٶȻҪ졣
ȭɢʵʵƫƫĹ˸о޷ܡ
ڷ绹Եеʱٻѡܻߺ˵ľٶǵսԶһǰսǳƣҲѡ˻߶ܡ

һ㺮˪ȭںڷѪ쳤˲䣬
˾ͽɵȭΪģһȦѸɢˡ
汻ѹ治ɫͿһССĻȣ󷢳һ˲ѹǰȭ˼
٣е˼
˾ͽϱ˼ٺһЦϣٶȱǰθ죡
߳ڷ˸΢΢ǰб˫ӥ˾ͽƶĹ켣
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Դȸ쾭֮ȻһֱڲоȴδùȻо֮ǱѰչû֤ûס
»ˣһֱӶһֻǣط㹻ˣ
ۿγ˾ͽɣЦѾ΢΢
ڷϵһ
꣡
˾ͽɵιȭֱһ߳ıСߵ˶ˣԥĽĿϡ
ǸŮ˴ģȰ˺ķˣǻʲộ
˾ͽɿɲΪǰܹвԼ
ȣ
˾ͽһŲ֮Ŀߣһ̣ȭϱбԷš
һУ
˾ͽɺôҲصʵȺǾӢӵܵҲˣʱ˾ͽѾʩչȫıӵǶϾıſϷ̬ڴŶ˱˾ͽ걬ĳ档
ֻϧǰ˵Ըȥߡ
˾ͽѾһɲ֮ͿԽԷ䵹Ǿʱ˾ͽɺȻǰһһĨɺĻڽż⣬󣬼һĨĶһ¡

оԷѾ磬ϧǣ˾ͽȴ޷ٽɳһವһ¾ͷ˳
ȱӵǰѾȵĽλ°Ť˾ͽɵ˱صڵϣ׵ˤһʺ
ѾʧȻƽվ·͸ûжֵӡ
ô£
ǵӴӵʺŽ˾ͽɸ
˾ͽŤŤˣǰٴվǰ
ߣ벻㻹ӣҲ͵Ϊֹˣ
˾ͽǵŭˣ˼ҵɳһ߳ȥˤ˸ʵⶪ˿ɾͶˣɫƣ˾ͽԺôڱǳ룿
οʱǱԼҵֵܽǿУ˾ͽɵĶ־
һŶ԰ɣӾ㳹죡
˾ͽҧгݣһɷ˫ֹؽڸ¸ֱ죬ɫȭ׳ױɫ
΢΢۾߶ʼΪûм˵ľļһеˡ
˫ȭ죬˾ͽٴγϣ
̧ȣ档

˾ͽٴαһ߷ɣηɵĸԶˤĸǱ
ǺһһȭͣȴǸմߵ·ǡ
ʱǰ˾ͽѾˣ֮࣬Ĳƴһƴֲܹġ
ͬһţһ޷⣬ǵڶȴȻ޷ұˤĸԶѾȫ˵ˡ
˾ͽ˫֮ѾԹ
Ƕ˶Ѽˣ֪ǰȥһҲɷļһﾹȻôѶԸѣ˾ͽɽĿͶǰվŵ˾ͽϡ
ΪһӢеٮٮߣ˾ͽҲȷչֳ˷Ƿ츳Ѿﵽʿһ޷ﵽľ磬ǵƶ˶мӣ˾ͽϼʱճʥ練ơ
˾ͽʱ޿̶ĳŵĸоԼ֮Ǳ˾ͽһʱ绽εȿ⣿
оʱԼˣ˾ͽ΢΢һЦóһƵģߵ۸Ƕû˼ұ˾ͽһ㡣
Ŷô˵Ǵˣ
˾ͽϣȤʡ
˵Ǵǣôܺã͸˼ˡ


362 ֮ǰһа
⻰˵ʮмɣ˭֪Ƕãʱ˾ͽϸ˵ԼǣôǵᱻŨصһ覴ãʱ˾ͽռˣصҲٲ˼ҹĴãΣаŮҪȥˡ
Ȼô˵ɲǾ˾ͽˣ߶ЩڴҪ֣һ
ƶʮְϧë˾ͽڻ˾ͽеĨڣ
Ȼ˾ͽϲ˵ˡ
˾ͽҵţִŭ۵õġ
οǸС˾ͽڡ
˾ͽתķɿ죬Ĭ˼Ĺ򣬱ٴοڡ
ŶˣôܹҵļأֻҸ˵д裬һŸŵΪһǿߣӦòܾ
˾ͽϼֱ̫Լˣ⻰˵ģ̫޷ˣžҪ㶯ֵĽ࣬˿ʧҵķȡ
˵Щͬʱ˾ͽҲѾ˺ô
д裿
д裿
ʱ涼е˾ͽϸеˣһаŮĳͻôתͷͱд裿ŵ
Ÿƨ
ޣд裬һģļһ
ԱŵϺݺݵһڿˮֱӿ͡
޳ܵģûô޳ܵġ
˾ͽдС̣һгӣڷ翪ҲգֺֻǺǵĵ˵ǿߺǿ֮д䣬һŸŵç֪
ȥģţӲ
ƽǺܶ࣬µսϵػǹӵǽһ޲þס˰ֱᣬȻƢɵܿ˾ǱӵܵĴͷˣʵһȸղҪǿϲ٣ԼȻ
ֵܣᣡ
˾ͽˣΪŰ߷ˣΪ޵У
çֵܣѵ뷨һ¡
˾ͽҲᣬ㼸һСʧְļһɵôǼзȤС˶Լô
ǸͷϳǵŮŶ˲ţ
ǿߣǿߵϣ˾ͽۼʵ˾ͽɱֱκ޻ڵ߷ɣ֪˵ʵǸߡ
Ҫ˾ͽʮؽʵԣȫڲ֮ء
ƺȨף˵ʵûнҡ֮ǰֱ¶Լʵҡ֮󱻳ԡ
˾ͽϣ̣޿֡
ޣʵǶԲ¶˾ͽӿеĸŵһ㶼ڸŵϣ˾ͽǵǷ켫ˣ϶Խݵĺ⺺ְɡ
ã޳ܵĻ˾ͽ̲סһ¡
ţŸƨ
Ÿʲôĸţ
˾ͽʵ벻һﾹȻ֮ãȫǰ̵棬ֱӵˡ
СС;е˵ľ⵱治ѧ
ʵˣԭ˾ͽҪüĶԷ֣Ȼٴӱˣܿϧǣ⸱ûã˼Ҹˡ
·𱻿˼˾ͽֲ֪ôˡ
ιιֵܣôˣ
Ϊ߻ȥѶһݺݵһ٣úôһڶû뵽ֱӾˡ
е㲻̣
ԾԾȥɼܣһһֱû˵ĵؿȥС˵˼֮ǰ
ٺ٣һԼôû뵽أ
Щ˼ͷԼç緶˵çô͸оأ
ϸ磬ˡ
˾ͽҲ̨£˵ʱһϲһС˴кĵ̫ʱˣ
̻Цݣ˾ͽǿһߣת֮ʵȻûǿߵȻǿҪһλûʸҡġ
û˵ֻǿŴӿƮȻߡ
һǵӵܶΧȥ
ϸ۸ȥˡ
ȻС˾ͽһĿһźߵ˾ͽϣ۾üëЦһˡ
ѾͷС棡
˾ͽϺ޲ðѾͷ͸ϡ
Ŷϣд£
߿˿Զվ߼ˣȻ˾ͽϡ
˾ͽǱֱܸߵһλʵҲǼĿֲڱ־صһη˼˼Ҫ󶫺չЩӢǲڴӷҡϳ֮޷ȫˡ
ҡȻ쳣չ鵱вֳܳԽ쾳ǿߣ뿪ҡع鱱ǵĹУ·̲ΪΣյģμ岻ΪӦֵδ֪Σһɸĸֹ
˾ͽֻҪԼھ͹ˣټϱټͷҲһ˾͸Ҷġ
δ֪ΣҲ˽⣬ǿɲǱǵΣµΣǱҪӦԣͬҪͶֽȥ
ģɵܵܺǼɢ޽ˣڷҡ໥һ£˭֪Ǽһ֪鷴򡣡
Աߵ˾ͽɫĺһ£ðɣڹԼ֮ʲôڹ汳ģžϰˡ
˾ͽ˫Ŀ䣬ƺ˼Ŀȴ䵽Զߵ˵ϡ
ֶ൱˽ˣȻ˵ôһӼۺ˵ǿԵģڱǵҪҪɫĶࡣ
ֻ⼸ɢޣûиְľȻҶ󶫺治֪Ǹ˵Ǹ˵֪
˭֪ηҡǸ壬ûĵ̺ͱĻڷҡϵõĪĻԵرҪȴ졣
˵ЩڷҡоѾۺȵľߣ˷ҡ֮ЩλõǿǶҪۺ죡
˾ͽ֪ķԶԶûб󿴵ô򵥣
ûиҲҡ
Ҫ֪һ񹬵䶼ˣ
ȻǲԸ⣬ֺαǿϷƶϣǷҡþͻ֣֮ǰֻҪǡ
˾ͽ׷ˣǼɢ޶ѡ
󶫺СԼĪʮʱԽԽвٴӵڸֵĴ½
һ첻ĹʮСѾۼ˺ܶˡ
Ȼ˵ĺıȻǻδķҡϣǴʱĴ󶫺Ѿ͸¶һǰδеɱ֮
ĸַ׷׵Ҫǣһ󶫺Ͼۼ˽½Ϊܳ󱲡
˲űӢ̸Цɶأ֮ķҡᣬȻһƱþ춯ء
ҹɫŨŨĴ󶫺ڲϢ
ҹǱ֮ǰһҹ
վڵıأźİҹǿգٿ֮䣬һƳĴ죬ƺֳˡ


363 ̫
ڴ󺣵ҹһյľףͣЪĴ¡಻ϰ˵˯
Ȼҹˡ
ЩϰҲ޷˯ȥ
ҹעһʲôȴԿƵһҹ
ɳǣɳǣ֮ݣһɹǿߵϢϴԶ½ѡ콵ȥ
һʱ֮󶫺ʮϣȻӰζϣ
ÿһǿߴӣɽˮĺ߰˳ɶΰԲҲξ
иǿΨ˸оһ˿ǿϢЩԸްԼǿ⼸˵ʱֳ㲻ε񣬷·ǿ׵ĸ
ָоâڱ
磬ǿߺ࣡
Ȼо򣬴δйСǿߵ˼ǵ˶ĸǿԼۼһʱҲһַĵĻĵо
磬̫
ҲûУڵѾ˲٣ȻĳûиְǺûеӵģЩ˶ͷǷ˵Сӡ
ֳ棬ҲֻܿЦ
Цˣû뷨Լǵûʲô
ˣʱ򣬾ûдҲˡ
Щ˵ˣǿֱ׳ָ㣬һнնɱ

ʱѾ˺ҹ·˶Ԥ뵽콫һҪӣʱ򣬻ϸĶѾˣЩģȻҲ޴֪
һ˶û˯⣬ʱϢѾá
תߵĿһһӹÿһ˿ȥƽҲǡ
֪ԼߺԼ˺ʮؽǿһսʵⲢƣսҡʮؽʿ
ʵδ֪ԱǿǹԼΪ㣬ؿӽأ˵һ˵г֮ǿһˡ
ʣµ˵УڷǿкʿһսʵԴ˵ʵûͻؾ磬ҡ֮˵ʮа˾ĩβ
ҪŶ繷ĵطѰԵ̸ף
ҡ˵ҪɱƽƽãһԵȻʸ֮ġ
ҪҾͲȥˣǡ
Դϻۣ֪˷ҡһбȻڵ֮ϣԲҪԼʵҲԸһʿȻ⣬ؼһδӸ֮оϸѡôǵ֮
Ҫ֪ܽҡԭһݵ͹ԣҡд˻Եһ޷ƳǱɱ
˵ҡݡ
һпܣһˤпܡ
һԴֻҡҡͷ
Ȼˣܲȥ
̶ѨҲҪһȥ
Դڽ츳ڣһߺȷš
ûиӦ
ڷɫԳأҡһҪģǧѷĻܴ
ǵ˼ҶиǿӦԼȴûУⲻһȡ޸ܡ
Լˣȴճ˱ϲˡ
Ҫģеס
ʱȻҾĵʱһûнҡ֮ǰѾˣǻϽȥ֮Σٻᷭ
˵еףڷɫࡣ
һǲȥʵʲôֻҪо仰㹻ˡ
СС;ܹɣɲһ˾ܹĳģͬǿĹ˵ʱûһĵȻ˵дĻϾϵǰ˵
ȻڷʮĽթ㹻ֻоӵĿΡ
˵ѹۡ
ջͲ٣óԼĻʽݵԴǰ

ٶԴʱһ
֪ѽһ㶼ΪԼεһ֣δеѽ
Уֻܹ˷ѡ
Դԥľܾ
Ķˣȴȥӡ
˴ηҡһУ˵߱ȻǴҵĹǣԼĽоͻ򲻿ȡġ
ģǽ㡣
ЦЦнǰ˼֡
ûгֵķɽٸҲӲ
ɽȻܹһģȻڣԴɳ֮εôãɽжӣʵͶе޷ȫ͵ѧɽľ裬Ҳյİ˾Ųʮ
ߺֻھͨвܹǿ
ԴӣЩˣ㾡ȥҾûѽɱʮؽ練ƣ
˻һ˶׾ס
֣Կʮؽǻţû
㿪Цİɣ
Դ֮Ȼǲš
ţʲôʱҲġ
߳ײˣһͷȥ
ʽڿлһԣûеϣԴѾס˽
ǰĺڰȴôҲڲƮڴ󶫺ϵɱ
ŨīĻпԼͣڸϵѾ׷վ˵ıأᵽΪԱĿɢĿϢ
һ˶԰ڵͻһʯϣͦε˱ֱ罣Ũҵĺ紵衣
ˣԴؿ飬߸ͬվȫϢ
߻عͷ˿飬ĵͷ
̶̧ͷǿա
褣δȥҪҡ
һΪýţΨһֻǴʱ֪ߴŽȥǱ̶ѨҪΣķҡǷڵľ
ѽȫиһİˣǲǻɴ
ȴȻδ֪
һڴƺڰҫ˴󶫺صĵϣһڵһӰ
ĺȴ赲סܵĺ
һƳڴ󶫺ĺʱʵնʱһ
žͿӾ֮Ͻһ뵽ϣ˲伤ǧˡ
գ֮˵һǷҡף
ҲԾס˺˫۽ĶŴ󺣣һֵķҡֽһ̬֣
տ󺣷䳱
ҡΪ֣׳۵ľѾ˾겻
磬磡
ģĳͷ壬ɡ
˸ö˸
ʱ޿̶ŷĵΨݷ
꣡
ͻȻ֮һɽ£ڹĺ֮ǧ蹵ۿɼĺ蹵֮нɫâ˸ֹ
໡
ľ֮䣬ǹȻһ쳹ĳХ


364 죬ҡ
󶫺ããޱ޼ʣжһͷ׻ʲôΪֹûܹ˵һ
޼ʵĴ󶫺һǵǶԺ֪
ʱããϣһǧĺ蹵ȥʮֵԣ蹵֮˻֮ЩΪһǿǶΪ֮𾪡
Ǻ¡ļ£ΪԵ͵˶һ˲Ϣҡ
ˣʱе˶վڵıϣƾХĺ˫ֻ֮Ǵ󶫺֮вΪҵһ
Ǵ󶫺ףǷҡͻưʱ֮ߣٴչǰʱ̡
⽫һؼһ޶һ֮һ
̤ҡݡ
ҡ͵ͬǵ֮ݣһݣ㽫һ˼ҫ˼
֮Ȼϵ˻֮ԶԶǴ󶫺ǳǧĹΧˮⷭڣӿһӴӰӲϵĳ֡
ҫ۵Ƭ̫ɫʣӿĺˮ籡ѪȵϢ
һȦȦ޴ϵĳ嵽̶ָ衣
ˡ
ƺյʲôɿܵٻӴĺŲһӵĹͽԭǧ﹵Χܲ͸硣
ϰ˫۾ͬһʱ䶢ЩΪˮֵĺ壬ɫ¶ɫ
Ƕǳé®СӣǰƿĺںˮǾߣԵߡ
һȥǧ޷
ȻǺػô
һߵϣһһһСͷŴĺ
ԼĪʮңվʮͳһ󱲣ʱʮ˶СĶŴ󶫺Щצĺ塣
ˣ˶ĺ壬һҡ֣ǸȥռȻ
ݵߣ֮һ񹬵ˡ
Ȼ
ģɵ˵˼֣ȴüӽ֪λͨͨ쳹ص˵˼
ǰʻüͷſ죬ǻ˻ȥ
ҪȶȻ
仰ǳ˵ˡ
ҪȶȻ򵥵İ˸֣̺ĪĻɺǻۡ
ҡνȫµ𶯣˶ὫԼΪӵ͹ҡѰԼĻԵˡ
ıԸȫԿĳ˴󶫺˾ԲֹϵЩ»ࡣ
ǾԱһ㾲ڰԼ֡
ȫ˵ҡһղǾͻһֱȥ
ҡǵ֮ݲǷҡһѪȾķĹ
ֳ£˭ȶ˭ͻΪʸ֮ġ
ڶ˶ǴȺüʱȴ˿ûָоΪȫзܿЩػ塣
ɽͼĴֳ˾˫ļֵ
֮ҲֻСǬܹɻκӵпռ䴢ķ޷ȥ
ǲҪȶȥˮȻߡ
߶Լͬ飬ͬĿתĶźˮȻǧ﹵֡
ھȺƵϢУ˶𾪵ķ֣ǹȻǧ˻ƺǲ

һ㶣ʲô
˵ǷҡҲԲֱܳӳֵ֡
ǹԽԽԣҲòˣܷҡΣҪ˶ã֮εĴڱչʾ®ɽĿ
Ҳڣһ޴צӴǧ󶫺ϵǧ﹵֮˳
˾Ϳ޴צϣһ׵
ѾʼС˴ҿֲޣΪʲôᱻơ
˵ľȲδӳǾ޴ʱ䣬һṦ򣬾Ϳڵĺϣһͷ¶ɫƬĴ˨֮ˮϷ

һϣһɫȵ˵ţƺ
һóޣȴƫƫ
˲֪ȻʱɺС̫һ۾ĶվЩСˣ·ֻҪЩնɱܹϴеķŭͳ衣
ɣͿԶ̧ͷ죬ƺǱںХ׵֮ҵЩʲô
ʱĴϣȴȻַǳ
ԭԶλãһĽʯһûûþֳƬ
ҡˣ
޴ֲԶǧĺһ޼ʵӿ󺣡ĪķҡƺЩеĻ¶
ȻʱֻܹһԲ׵Сȴûκһ˸Сơ
أԶһĴЦֻԶ֮佫ıֱӴڿռ֮ȻһչȻϡﻩ˲ȫϿ
ϿҲζȫκεƣ
һͷܵƵʱ򣬴˵ԶԶҪʮͷ˩ŵĳҪǿ
ĴһХȻǲЩΧˣһķȥ
𺳻ûȥͿԭֻǷԲײСʯȻѾô˺ö࣡
ڷ֮ʣǷҡӲ֪ٸĴ󶫺׻


365 ҡɵ
ҡ֣󶫺˲ڣ
˫΢УŲ񵺣ҲĪ˷ܡ
ʱ·˶ѾǸոڷɶȥشǶѾĵĽע˷ܵͷȫŵ⼴չǰص졣
ҡݡ
ֻҪ˷ҡ͵Ǵݵıأܲ˷
ڷ˳˻ŷҡĻиĺ˷ӵȫΧӺ׻ĵ죬Ƕϵĳݡ
ӺⱾһ漣ҡԭһ档ǰһĻӼĪ˷ܡ
ԽԽԣԶԶȥ㿴һƬдɵľδչֳɵѾȻ
ŵ𽥵¶ıҲ߽µСԽԽԼԶɵīɫߴֲ
ҡɵж
ʱ˿̿Χе˶ûһʶϾеɵһֱͣϵĿأ·Զûоͷ
ΧﻶȸԾһž޴ĵߣһ˱
֪֮ʱѾȥ˽ӽһʱֻڰĴһɫ⣬֮ϴ緿ݸ¥ĸ֣ҡɵ
ʵʱ򿴵ĸѾû̫ˣϾǳǧǵൽĿ޷ĺǰٷ֮ʮŵĿԿ϶ǷҡɵˣѾǲʵ
ҡɵڴ󶫺ƺѾʲôˣϾܹʥ˶ٿһЩܹ֮㵽һ켣Ķ
ҡɵų
󶫺ϣȺڿʼЩ̲סɧ
ҡɵǰǻʲô
ʱҡѾֹͣţ󶫺ߵľԼҲʮʿ˵Զ
ߣ
һϣһʮѾͲסһλͷ󺺵ĴȼԦзǰķҡɵȥ
һ̾˵ע⣬Ҳĳǰڵĵط˼ۡ
һϣϻвٵˣʱ׷׽ĿȳĹͷһȺˡ
ʱ˿̣ߵ˶Ŀ䵽ߵϡ
ǶμǾ䲻ҪȶȻĻʱȻȶˣôأ
ɳʮ˼ĹѾɼڵ㣬˷ҡɵıء
ڹԴ£ͷȳŷҡƮȥ

Ԥ֮еĺĹûг֣ܿϧǣڹͷ˻ûüˣͷֳ嵽ǰĹͷವһ¾Ͳˡ
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һʱ֮䣬ͣڰнҲҲǡ
Զ󶫺鵺ϡ
Ӧĸǿ߼ͬһʱע⵽һ󣬷׷ü⵽ô£
ܿʲô𣿡
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˾ͽź룬ֻԶصĵ죬û½ۡ
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ಣ
Щ˽ӶʧĺѸ٣ݵκεĳɡ
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Ħ͸еļɣҲû˹ǣǰǸͷһ㣬̤գǰķҡɵٶȥ
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Ҳȷǽȥ֮ǲǻܹͬһλãҲõģǾϵһ𡣡
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
ǰĴͷһ׵ʧˡ
Ȼû˵νҡɵǿľٶ֮µ˶ûκεɻ׷̤ȥ
ಣ
ǺʹͷǰΪķ棬ڷ˻еؿԴͬһʱʧ
һתһѣ֮߸оԼ˫Ųȵ˼ʵĵϡ
۾ǰһ硣
ǰһУȷԼжûдˣҡɵΧһصĻţ󲻽赲쾳ϵʿ̤ҡɵͨ
ͼչ鰲Ȼ˳
ȻͼѾڲóҡɵϹŴˡ
ʶһ㣬߶ʱЩź֪ˣһ˾Ͳ÷ֿˣֱͨͼˡ
ϸһΧĻΧ͸¶һɰ͵ĳ棬деֲԭʼҷƬƬĻ䡣
շ峪Сڵش
͵֮
Ž飬߿ʼҲ߼ʵķҡɵߡ
еķҡɵǱرģֻ߲ԼһƺֻЩˡ
߲ûпıֻİһߡ
𣡡
һ̶ĺУ㿴ǰĸ֮дܳһͷξ޴쵵ľ޻
һξ޴ԼĪͨϻֻ޻ǰצչߺͽץȥ޴Ӱ˿ûӷ׻ļ󣬿޻һٶȿ硣
ȣ
˫ֳȭǰս˵ȭͷϸֳ֯һ


366 ԡ
Ծ޻˿ܣ˫ȭ֮۳ǰδеĻâų˵ľ޻ȥ
һ죬νŹѵǲ޻˶ͷ­ֱӱߵ˫ȭ飬ʺѪҺͬԽͷһأӴĻ˵
˫ȭһ޻ʱ
˱һʱվĽԾС
벻ȥһֱĶŵˣһȻ˵ıѪȡ
ջ˫ȭȻһһػ罫մȾϵѪվ
ߡ
Ľ˸ƣ˼ǰ
ߵСΪߣÿÿߵĵƶҪһܹԽԿüʱǰʱһֻ֣ǰĿ
ҲϲȻ͸¶ǸϢԴնɱֻ޻֮ͺ޲ϮˣߵĻ㰲ȡ
ҡɵ֮г񼣵ĵطֻһȴ벻
ûбû񼣣ûв
֪ϣҲȥʲôȫĵطϢֱӽͼռ䣬Ȼ߱㽫ͼһĶˡ
Ǵδ˱ĽѾˣ˰Ļºܿ㾲˯ˡ
û˯⣬ԵĵԪתƣͱһɨգ˫Ŀ͸ͼռ䣬ĳҹ
̤ϴеķҡɵԭӦһĶǵ֮̽ã㲻ˣҲӦÿһЩĶҲӦֳ档
ΧܰĲһ㲨
˶֪Ҳ֪ǵΡ
ߴע⣬ȽϢˣһҪһʱҵˣǻϡ
ȻĿǰҡɵȥĳ棬ΪǷҡɵıĿϾʮĴŲǼٵġ
ҹɫʣ߲ûбĿ˯ֻƽһһݻط
Ϊһֵ߸ͨĴڣбȻ̺Ҫڻص棬ǳϦܹõģʱ޿̵ĽȫͶȥ
ҹʱ֣ҹȻ˱仯
û˯̱͸ͼ⻷Ѥǳ߳ͼռ䣬ھ֮ۡ
һ߳ͼռ䣬߶ʱͱǰľ󳹵ˡ
ղǺڰǰЩƹ⻷һľȻһʵĻ꣬ЩĹ£ҹɲǼѤ
⾪һ澰һͼռ˯еĽ顣
ôˣ
ƺû˯ѣߵĺֻԺĴӦһ£Ľһּ˯
֤ϲ
߲˵ʲôŵĴʶӲ뿪ѩ澰϶ûм
ʲô
鶯˶ƮƮվ

ƺԼھĶˣԺľֱ̤ͼռ䡣
ӲıµλŮ˲仨ʧɫ˯ȫ
Ա߾ڣȻ᲻ܣӰһƮ˫ѾŮ֫ȵķ˺бϡ
һαϤ˱ţҹɫ֮Ů˲糺죬̧ͷһעӵؼǹһĻʱʱȵ۾д˲˼ɫǰɬǰδѤڸǡ
˾ϣĻꡣ
һĪ컨ڿзɣ⻨Ϣ档
𣿡
֮ŮŻȻ˵ȻǱǰľ󳹵ˡ
񼣣߲֪ҡɵϵĴſ˿񼣲ԭ˵ڷҡɵϳʲôӦøеֵľȡ
񼣰Ҳûʲôӡ
񼣡
Ȼʮ̬˵תͷߵ۾
ģ
һ㶣Ѿͷģ

ĵͷָָָͷϵļǡ
˵жϳ컨񼣵ݣصļˡ
񼣣񼣣
߶ʱѹԼԡ񼣣
ߣ
뵽С֣ȥ

һƿ֦ҶĻƬƬ䵽ϡ
ɢĻ䵽ϵ˲䣬ȻоŵĽСϴһǰδеĴһӵ˿

룬һĻѾ䵽˼ͷ
ɲǼ䣬Щǰȥ⻪ѤǷӳħһ㣬뵽
һǰδеĳ˲ȼ
תͷ߾ȵķֽΧΧһѤĻ
񼣻ɵĻڷٵתţģȻŮͷϵؼǣ
̬߱ˡ
ϥ߿ʼһһ񼣴Ӵ
컨ʱ䲢Լ˰Сʱֻй⻪һ곹ʧ
ҹջعƽֲһӣվ
߾ȵǽƺѾ񼣵ܣվ﷢
Ů¶һģ΢΢һЦ뿪ڣȴ˳ŽĿ⿴һֵĶ
һֻӣѩɫӡ


367 һʾŴ
ȻһֻѩɫӣⲢʲôֵ飬ֻǵ㿴ֻζĳ񼣵ʱҲ޷ˡ
ߴʱֻӣ˽ζĳһö޴Ļꡣ
⻨꣬Ǹղ񼣽ٵĻ꣡
ô£
ѵ˵Ҳεģ
ӵɶ
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Ȼ߽ȵƽˣͿλӴѾһȫȥ۾ӺȻʮֻ̧ǰצֻ䣬ȻȻһ꣡
ҿ
߳ײˣģ
۶۳

ҪǰӸץ޾񼣿ԳԣŶȷ˵Ӧա
ðɣҲòϣԼˮ׼ԽԽˡ
ڷҡɵһнпܵĵ̧ǰߡ
ø̫ˣû棬˳۳һ
ҪȥΣգ
߽Ų鼱к
ڶΣյĸ֪ŲɲסֻǿӻЩˣӲŲɲס˲Ϳøǲмһ̧ͷ۾һĨâޱȵ˦˦䣬Ƭ⻪Ļ㳯߼ٷ
󻨰ٶȵǿľˣգ۵ĹѾɵǰ
ӣҴң
߿ɲô˲ζΣһ
һ󣬵ȴܾӭĻꡣ
ϾȻⶫӲ
ǰøһ˹ȥϵ̣Ȼջˣѩ׵ë˲ըצӶһ衣
ಣ
ƿ֮뷢һ㣬Ļøƨɺ˳
һĻ߾ȵӲȥҲ̫ӵ˲ǣܳѾǹˣ⻹ܹܣȻҡɵĶǹ
ʱûʱȥһֻôô̬ۿĻХžͱ˹֪һô㲻ˣֱӴ߶طһȦǵĻѸٵİ˱
ʱɲɵΪ񼣽ˣһƬƬɳ۵ĻһѰѵķɵԻһѪ
һȦɫĻΧһɫĻ
žĻ򵽳ɫĹĻϣٴζĵȥ
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Ӹ羹Ȼ˵ˣ
ûĻ𻷣ӸҲûٴηֻӸʯ쾪ֻҵʵߴ˲С𺳡
ѾһֻӾȻ
ҪˣֻҪ㲻ûû˵Ķɵͳɡ
̾ͷԼ뷨ȷʵЩˣѾӸȷǲ㶪ɵˣѾԲĹĵӷĿĹâڿһת
ã˻Ҫ
ӸֱӲȡɱʽĹˣһںƴ
ë޵޻ڵײ˷ϣ޴߶˺ü
𻷱ӲĴɢӸҲôܣغ«һµµĹȥԶһëսζڿС
ðɣԼײǿ𻷣ñա
еĵһʩչ𻷣ǿ𻷣ҲΪ򵥺ǳԵһ
߲Щʱգ˽Ҳ٣ܹʩչȴ࣬ͨʱоҲˣʩչʩչͨҪԪҪ౶ֻάǿ𻷼ʱ䣬͸оӴԪһ롣
Ȼǿ󣬵ԵģҲҪ㹻ȵԪܹά֡
߸Ѿ죬Ԫ̶ȿ˵֮ͬеϵȣʩչʮֵĳЩԪǿ꾳ʿȻٺõҲֻ̾ķݶˡ
ˣ
סΣһСĽ䱸һ涢ǰݴһӸ硣
·ǻӦߵĻԴȫݴԵӸŤŤβ͵ƨɣӵ˹Ȼˢӵģûб졣
ðɣҲ
Ӹ絹ʮֵĹойǿڣ֪򲻹̾ͷ˸ͷ

㶣ԼֻʩչһѣôͺǣϹϵˣ
ȵȣ
뵽⣬̾ʹӸĻҵ˵Ӹ羹Ȼļһ
ԣѾоڲһӵĴħ
Ӹڵ߲ˬˣأԼ¡
⻰˵ƺЩںһֻӣŵǼֱĽࡣ
ðɣȲ˵£㵽ʲô
Ȼƴһ߿ûзɾ裬һֱעӸĶ
ǶȫҶǶ
һǾ㵽ʲôʱӸͷˣЪ˹ףֻǸϵǿʲô黨
ðɣԭ㲻Ƕ
ЦˣȻǹ
ӸƺҲ֪ⲻܼȥתƻ⣬ƻСޣţԺһʾŴˡ
ƾƣȻƾƣ
ʵˣƾƺеࡣ
ˣʵ۵Ļʣ˾ŵľţ
ӸʾſԺԱʱѾǺд̵Ľˡ


368 ⵺
ðɣʾţȷһֻ֣ܰŵһֻϣôôıŤ
˵ɣôġ
ӻʾŰһͣŶʡ
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370 һָ
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ƺŵĹ˫ЩϵˣȻ㲻ǹ˫צҲҪΪֶɱ֮ˡ
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˫һս֮ߵļǻˣڷȴû
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373 ߸
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Զ˾ͽ˾ͽԶѾɵˣԼΧкüͷڽֻƾűܵĶܣʣµעȫǿ񱼶ȥ޸ˡ
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˾ͽ뵽磬޵вѾˣȻʮֲ˼飬ǻȥлл˼ҲǣϾ֮ɲʲôС顣
ʮͷޣʮͷ

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Ԧ޹ǿ˲ٰҪ˶Ҷܹȫơ
ʱվһԵĵؿΧһȦ̬ȴ޶ʱε̾Ϣ
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ЩҲȷǷԸоԼϢ״̬ʵҲҪٵɡ
ȻǺܻģʮͷ޼սҪ߳ʧɡ
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һԵ˾ͽԶҲæڣʱٺҼϺôһ빲ľһĵĺûᡣ
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ô˵˾ͽ֮⣬ıǵ˶ʲôöˣҲһ
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ˣͲˣҿλǵӵҲǸʲô˾ͽһ
ζ˵һ仰Դȥͷ
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Ȼ仰˾ͽԶֻһЦ
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ҡɵѰٻԵģ˶ۼһͱȻⲻĳ棬߻˾ͽԶһ㣬˾ͽԶ˾ͽûкߵһͬ
ۿԷʮ޾ȥ˾ͽԶǴ￴˼ζ
ʱһɲ֪ζӿ
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˾ͽǰѾʧˣת˾ͽԶһߡ


374 ˫
޴װ˴ƶٶ޷ӿƣٶȾͿռĵرٶҲ֮
ػıֱָʮͷһͨҴûֵܹסġ
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޶Ŀĺɻ۴һĺҶ޴ĺҶСĺ
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Դźϵĺɻȷ˾޴ĺɻ޷ģҡɵȻǷǱѰ
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ʱǵĻӻʾŴȻᱣֳĬģһʱ͵һЩϢ
˵޿Ĵ󱳣ǰ
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˸ոͣ½ŲͿˮһҵˮðžͿӰѸٵĴӺгӰɶƫеƮƮվ֮ϡ
߶һˮðһһŮе޳ֱͦΣüĿǳһͷȻմһˮ飬ɴ˿ԱжϳΪ
վһŮӿȥľȻɫ㲻ϳˣȴһȻʣһĿĸо
Сɵ٣ʯһӣ㷢͹µĶ˿ᷳĸо
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߲û˵ƺԽĹЧҪȻҲȥطѰûԵĻᣬһ˼ͣʲô⡣
߶ԽͨԴרһģһ档
ιι֪Ч𣿹ƿҲ֪֪ȫ˷ˣ޷õ澫裬˱ģʵϧء
ʼįĻʾŲڱգһڣǺӡ
ڻ˵ӣƺǲȣֻ˵Ǳʱͬʱüͷ
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תͷߵԴֻʻȴͨȥġ
һĽܳӣƷԣֻϻ㣬˵ΪͲ֪޽ΪһĻĴŮˡ

ԴõЩߵһһ㶵ģϻ㣬Ҳ̫˰ɣ湼ôһΡ
Ͳ֪޽ϣζص˼ҡ
޽Ұ㡣
ԼˣĨǵģԴŮˡ
᲻̫ðգ˫кܹĺϻ
ԴȻõеİأɲΪȥðգ˵Ļ֮
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߿˿վںɻϵϻ㣬¶һЦݣ˵λǲΣ
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ʾ˺ǰڳ㹻Ŀռ
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ߵԼжʮλãϻ˫˫վϻ㿪ڵ


375 
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Ȼһ΢Цȥϡ
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ͬһʱ䣬ϻĴȴѾ䵽Ժ
׳İأȫɱˣ
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Ťͷһޱϻ㣬ȥ
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û˵ϻǻ˼̧ýָߵһ˵ôһ͹ˣұߵһǡ
ߵͷʾӡ
ǺãѰİ˵ɡ
Ȼ
ЦתһŸ͵ĻʾŴˣʾţʲôأڿ˵ˡ


ԭΪ̲ס̻Ͳһϡﻩ˵벻ȻͲ˵ˡ
ϻһӾȻ˵ʱЩŭ⣬ǸȻ¶ϣֻǿ˼ۻʾţֿ˿ߣ˵ȻǲԸ˵Ǿֹû˵İأܹͬдĽ⡣
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߾Ͳûȥסˣʱʾŵʮֵ֪Ȥ˵ķΧ֮⣬Զһʯͷ档
ʾܵô죬߾ȻҲȥֻǽĿתϻϡ
Ů˹Ҳ̲סҪ˰ɣֻǲп϶ȥƻǣϳ˵ĵرһƻˣǿɾͳûˡ
߿˼ۣȻʶһξ룬ͬʱʮͷ޵ΧɢγһΧȦһҪƻһʱҪֹס
ϻ㵹ųʼ߱ƽһ
ߣ˴ܻǲ£Ҫֻܹٵʹˡ


376 ŭ
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˶˵ǣ뿪»·ȻҪȫʬˡ
һ˵ţһ߼ˡ
Ҳûţ˵ͬʱжһǻʽǱȻʽҪСȡ
ʱΪʲôøǿĻʽԸ˫㣬ԭͲԶˡ
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ϻ޿ˣһȻ󳤽ȼһ貵ĻԹ⣬ͬʱԱߵҲͬһʱ߸߾еĳ
˵ƺѾͨĵزν֮˿ûκε϶ͣ١
ҫ۵ĻԹٴνһһ̣·ĩһ㣬֮гһ޴У˳ĽԹΪģΧƲ㷭һ־Ķǵĸо
ϻһĿȻߣͿо޴̼֮Ľ콵£˺оɵĺƵţֻǼĹͽо鳹׽顣
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߿֮Ȼϵٻо飬ͬʱСĵˣģϻѾ뿪Сһξ롣
һʮͷһ̷ֱһĳѾΧȦеϻȥ
ȱɵȻ΢΢һЦһУʽ֣Ȼȥ
Ϸˣ
ڸҳ𣿡
ϻ㿴ڸҳˣʱЦѣֻ֪һȺޣһϢûУ
ϻʱҲȷŭ˼㣬һȺ˿ûйľĲᣬòʩչϻܹһͨ˵ͨѾ׼ŭ
һǸ۵ģ
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ʱϻӰӣϻ㵽ͻ׼ȷĳ
ЩӴ޿˾ȻȫǵĴڣʱŭѣƴĳ˻ֻϧȻʵǿȴԷڸ߿յʱް취
һĻ߶ʱһԳԼȻһ㡣
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377 Ӱӽ
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ؿ߲ǿеʱ򣬾Բٻ꣬Ȼǰ˫ܴѾ߿ʼ湦ˡ
ⲻһ˵ս
ؿڿնٻԼǣʱûһ޽ǰ˫ͱ˹ȥ
Ѿ൱ʿؾĵؿһɳʱΧѸ͵ҷ硣
ؿ֣Ҳû˺֮ǣһѪķ˱仯ֻѸٳͬʱݻһػڳ
ˮͰڹ޵ѪڣһѪ⡣
Ҳȥʲôˣ֮ڿƻƬпĴģɱһڵܹһ֣ɲôϾһڵܵʵԼܹһѾܲˡ
Ҫ֪ͼһĸ߿Ƽ
ˢ
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һѪɫĹԼϻᣬǰǱľ޽ɶȥˣһССĹκεң
Ӱӽ󣡡
֮Уϻ㷢˹źţͬʱҪӭĹ
ϻսʮַḻʱȻԷĹ򣬵Ƕ֮ȻὫĿڹ֮ϣԭΪյϻȴȻķ֣Լڲ򹥻һ̣ǰ׿Ĺ˲ı˷
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ȻѾˣߣ
ףڸƶĹ˵һɲ֮飬ϻĶٿ죬ҲѾˡ
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εĻУϻʱŭѣϵĽ˲䷢
Ӱ֮ͿϻΧĿռһһӰӳˣ⵱ϻҲģÿӰȻȥЩͬһѰѵĳȴʮֻۡ
ֻǼ˵ӰѾ٣Ӱӵϻ㴩УϵĴһĽЩ׷ɵӰҲ˵Ķͬʱ
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߲ûнʩչѪйʾؿԺˣǰӰһľ롣
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ؿĻѾɽƵƵײϿĽȴ޷ײȻι̶̳ȷͬһ㡣
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ߺܿʶһ㣬ļ᲻ɴݼصĴȷѾĵز
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378 
üʽſһָһӡ۳
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߿ɲΪһʱȥ¶ƴһˣ侲˫ȷʵһŽǽӲʮֲǵѡ
ںϵȫ뵽ͼռ֮УΧ񱩵Ľѵһɲǣֱ̤뵽ͼ֮С

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380 
Ѿˡ
ӻʾ˵
İأһ㶼˽⣬Ȼʾ˵ҪˣҲ١
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⵱ΣȴȻڣΪԵľµֻԿȥʮֲҿʼ궯ƺоĪΣ
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ԼһʱߺȻһʮֹԶ֮дƴ޶һġ

һʱЩԣҡô޹ģ
οǺҹںҹһĪ𺳲ѵĹô붼һ顣
Сġ
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С뷨Ƕɻ뷨һȻԼòǾֹҲò
СߵŮǶɳ˾ռҵĶǧѾС»ԼСδޣɳһСӼ֣ԡ
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383 ̤
ÿһͼĲ벻Ķܽ顣
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߲ʹ˷ˣͼǿҵĲ޲ʾпܴĪĻԵ˲Ļǻһȱ
ҪᴩӣǿӳֻȻԲܡ
ʱʾҲֻ˵ˣܹᴩӣɴƶϳҪҪǿҲǺġ
ֻǿô
ʱȻûģͼķȻǿĿǰǷ߿ȫ֪
ĲԽԽǿˣܹĸоͼĲһԼﲻͣţǿײƺϵڴߴȥʲô
ܹͼǿҲĶ棬ҪڵͬҪӣðһεĻҳɹĺô᲻ɹ
˲˼ߺ˾
ͼȻ̺˱ҪǿôˮֱЩ˵ȥ
¶̴֮߶ͼͼռ棬ͬʱͼڿеһתʼӵĺϿ
ͼռСǬ磬Ų׵޸Ҳ޷޸ʧܻǿԽܵġ
ģͼռһմȾ峺ˮҺ塣
ۣ
ͼռӴӵ˲䣬߾۵һ죬ͿͼռӽӴһϸɵĻҰɫҴһǴһӴѹǿҵѹȸ˲䴫ߵʶС
ͼռ䲢û̱ɻΪУߴ󵨵ļ̽
ͼռһĽ峺Һ֮У󹤷Ѿһ롣
ֻǸоǹĪѹԽԽѹͼռǧڳֲܿѹ֮ͼռ仹
ֻǴһʮֲֿѹκζֻҪ㹻ǿһӴͻ̱ѹɷɻҡ
һ֮ͼռ䳹û뵽ӵҺ֮С
͸ͼռ䣬ߵǿĿˮµ
ͨĺˮûʲô濴ȥҲǺ峺ӣֻиɾ쳣ûһ˿һʳ֣ޱȵĴ
տʼ߻ЩȣܿȻˣӴڵĿֲѹܹ֮ľȫѹɷɻңôȻʴˡ
ͨһ㣬ٴȷͼķλȷ˷֮󣬿ʼ߶ͼռСĳǸƶ
ⲻܣѵĽ뵽ӵڲ
߽ǴŻʾŽģʱ˿洦ӵڲʱȵĶЩ״ˡ
߲˵Ĵ󺰴УоѰҡ
ӺܿԹʮӣˮҲǺӵʮֵƽûʯӲʲôģɾĲ˼顣


384 Լ
ͼռ侹ȻֿܹӵʴһһֱǱӶ԰ĳ嶯뻹ʱˣϾ˶⵺Լһ˽ڵĻЩý͡
¼Ȼ̤ӣôȻҪѰһµʲôͼǿҲ
ԼǱԸоΧĹЩһˡ
ͬʱͼĲ쳣ǿҡ
Ӧþˣ
оøǿҲһĪ˷
ˣԿǰǿĵطȻһ޷״Ĺ
һŹôķӵĺӵףɢļµ˷ܲѵĹԡ
ѵһŹǾñ
ʼпյˡ
Ĺâȥͣͼռ䣬߶ԼоָӶֹϢ
ٿһЩߺȻ֣֮оȻ
͸߿Լһ鱮һɫʯĿ޷ֱ֡
ľⶫʲôأ
Сǰȴһã
Ȼ׵ģ߸оΧͼռػһɲǼ侹Ȼʧˣ
ͼʼعԭʼ̬
Լεı¶ӵУ
ߴ󾪣һ亹ɵľʹӼð˳
ͼػԵ޹ʵʧȥЧ˱¶棬ѵвĿô
ͬһʱ䣬߸Ӿ㤵ĸоԼȫеһӳױˣĿʼԼƵźӵ׵䡣
붯һָȴޱȵļѡ
ޣббǡƳʾҲǵ˵Сȣ˲ĺԼһˡ
֣
ʱʶһ㣬ǾӲûж˺
Ȼ
ֵͷ˼͸о𽥵ˣſԼһװʼǰĹƶȥ
ӺǿŹǰ
ʱϸĹ۲һˣӽһ˸ߣȥӨ͸һ㣬һ鱮ɫģּɫȴһִδ֡
δּȻҲ޴ʶˣûйֻͣɲǼ䣬Ȼ̧ͷʯˡ
Ƕ˵λãȻһö۾
׼ȷ˵ֻһ飬ʱ˿𾪺Ȼǣöڶ
һֱֱĶǰߡ
һȫ˶ţ˭һëȻĸоʱҲ⣬ʶҪ˼ֻǿϧȻĿơ
߾ȵʱ򣬾ʯ֮зһ̾Ϣһ·ǴԽبŲɣԶ
ʮˣû뵽Ȼлŵҵǰ
⻰ܹöҺֱס
ʣֻСһ䡣
ʸ˭
һ£߾ΪҪҪ֪Է˭ֻ֪˶ԷݣſжǷԼв
άԼκһıܣҲ˿⡣
߿ɲԸϡͿľô
˭
Ȼһ˿Ĳƺо֡
ãֻüһ£ûʲô
˭ˣ㿴汮֮ͻ֪˭ˡ
⻰˵Լģȴһöʯ˵Ȼһһɨʯϣʱ;ȵķʯԭ޷ϵ̷˱仯һ˲ͱ֪ͨ֡
̧ͷߺȻ˱ϷĸĶǵĴ֡
Լ
Ȼйأ
ֻȿĸ֣߾𺳲ѣеķҡɵйأŲ顣
߿ʼһһĽ沢ıСĿһ顣
һ鿴꣬ȫûд֮лع
ȷǴССı֮УϢѾ߳׵ľˣ˵ǽǰһʶ׵߸
ͺñһޱϵĽͽͻȻһ챻֤һֱ͸һλֻһðƻͲ
µĸоҲǴˡ
˺һ߲Ŵ޵֮ѹ
㵽˭
Ȼ߲űԼᵽĶ˿̻ɵǰװŪļһﵽ˭
㲻Ҳ⣬ϾǸʱѾ̫ԶˣҪҵǸʱļ䣬ѣο˿Ĩɱ¡
Ҫǣ벻ţЩʵңı񣬹Ӳдʮֻ꣬ǲڴνһ֮С
˶ΪѾȥ״ʧˣȴ۾뿴絽׽ߵη
ԳƱˣһĻȻЩãǸȴ𺳣
һжģ


385 ߵӡ
ٴοһǰıģȻʶģ
ģ˵綼Ǽٵģ
һãһб޳һеͷգ
һƪԼд˶٣ڸ˶٣
ʶ߲ϣġ
ֻϣһĵϲԼһЦҲŹĶͻʾ˲أ
ԳƱˣȴƺĻᡣ
ȻҵңҾ͸һĻᣬͬʱҲһʹ
һ죬ʲôģȻҪϲڱνӦķŵҪΪУ
ʹǳҪõġ
˵ֻһϵĴڣʲô̫ңԶͲˡ
һԴǣ˵֮ǸоЩס
ϾԷԳƱĴڣӲݺһĶߴڡ
֮·˺գҪȥҪۣ̤·ûлͷĻᣬѡӱܣҲûлˡ
˵ܵÿһֶһ־Ķǵĸо
ҪΪܹ֮⣬Ҳܹ¶֪Ҿ͸㣬һ޷ɣ
Ȼø߿ԵĴż˿
ϣѾߵӡ֪ߵ˭
ߣ
߲ԣһҲ벻ףԼʲôʱͳˣ
ƭҡ
ܵģһֲʱϷŪͷȻʶģΪһƭ
ƭ㣿ʱƭ㣿
ȻЦ˵ҵҲ̫ϡֵܹӵʴȻѵǸʼնĶľ𣿡
ʲô
ɱһĻ߲ɵȻ
û벻ͨ
ͼĳ֣ǽ䵱ľˡ
Ȼһз˼ĶֻҪͼĻϣͿԵõĽͣôģƺ΢ˡ
£һȴ߶ʱһĪĿ־С
˶ڼį˶ڱڲ峢Ūڹ֮ʱ򣬾ԶûаѵĻˡ
㵽˭
߾Ѿ޷ţȻǿΪǰںŪԼ
ΪʲôƫƫԼأ
Ǳ񡣡
ǿô䵽أ
ߵѾ֪֮ӲҲ֪ǵ֪Լ֮ķŭһֶȨӡ
ǿǵģǿĴھ֮ϣǵһЦͿܵ߸أһζһζĳԣֻ
أֻһɳһָܹ顣
ͼԿˣʧˡ
˰ڲӣҪĴۡ
ֿ˵
һо˷ڣˣѵԼ
Ҫȥ˵ļ
Ļ̫޷⣬Ҳ۹ⲻ޷ᵽվǸ߶ܹһС
һƣҲһ·ѡ벻ѡǲߣȡ㡣
ʹľżͻȻŭкʹ˵ʱǸһĸо
ɣ
ϣ
ǰĹʯԼʯһö飬ԺһĻĻķڡ
ƣ·
·ߵԽԽ·ο磿
һ̣ߺȻԼӦȥʲôڱ̺õ·һͰǰߡ
ǧϣ˶ԼĻԵˣж֪ԼЩԵȫǽڱһֱƵأ
鲻õʱһֻǧǧ˵һУһָ顣
ô˵
·˴ľһ
ȻվߣӣβЦһأ

ƽͬʱǹʯҲʼζ
쿪˫֣ƽֱǰһ˫ϣĵȴ
ʯգ֮ԭͣʯ˵һö뵽֮СǴĹұɫʯâˢһ£ֱ뵽ߵ˫֮С
һ̣ǰҲûκζڣ˫ջأȻĶһö飬ĺȻǿɫűԼʯ
ȫͬҵ۾֣֣Բϵּ㽫ܹ߶񱮵ʱ򡣡
𣬲Զ
أ
ûλ˵еıúȥδӣһʱ벻
ҵ۾ʱѹӡϢЩ޷쳣ϣֻҪ㲻ҾͲ
ߵͷ漴ʵ˵ô࣬ǵĵ˾˭
˱Ǿ͵վһսϣ˹ͬĵˡ
񣡡
ĸ֣ǧ


386 ڵɫè
κȻǴߵ
ȴٴ뵽ɻ֮Уѵ˵ͼĳǺйأԼֻ˼һӣ
֮߻ûʳܾþĿǰ״£Լ֪ԽٷԽЩ
һж֮ǰһƣ;ȵķӾȻмֿˣһ·ڵС
Ȼǽ˱񲿷ԵʣǸνıԼҲȻˡ
ɻֱӴһȻЩĿɿڴĻʾŰߡ
淢飬һֶҪ˵ȥ
ϰ֮ǰ߽ʾ˵
Ͼⱱ֮¸ϵشһй¶ȥ˵ͻ鷳
Լʵûдﵽһ̶֮ǰһжҪСĲС
е춯Ҳڰߵȴˣǿ߾ȻȻĴ߳ʱ򣬶ʱޱȣȫһ˼ɫ
ȴû⵽ôһ¡
ȻҲȥ˵ԭһ˵ǵģƺòˡ
ڷҡÿ˶ÿ˵ĻԵЩ˶ӵߵĻԵȻͲĹˡ
ݵϢһֱ֮ӷֿӣһ˿ʼŷҡڵǰ
ʱӵһطվװ׵λŮ
һӣ˼֮Ȼһһ˸ⱬһڼǰ󣬺ȻһСۡ
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ٵĺŮͷ˫ȻɲǼһɰϢ˫籡˲ͽ۸һ㵭ɫĹԡ
ޣȷ𣿡
ʱһһѴʰӡ
ޱĿһۣлɱиõİ취ӣȫԲһðա
ˣҪˣȻûбİ취ֻ²˳٣ץʱɡ
˵ģԱλЩĵŮ
˶˵½ۣ޴߶ԪۻȻһָǰ
ȥ
Ϳ˵ۻһ⣬ڵɫսķ·ٳŶ԰ȥ
һطˮӿ֮ϣĿųִĻһˮһѸٵǰܶһξ룬Ȼٴˮһǰ
ͣÿһλӴӿӣᷢ죬ͬʱԿ˲̬·Ǳ޴׼һΣڻ˲䣬ٶȻָ

ͬĵطͬĿģʱǰһµģ׷׿ʼӣ̤뵽˷ҡڵΧ
Լ֮ߵ߳ӣ̤ڵͬʱֿ˲£
̤ڵߵһʱܵľڵϸŨԼΧƮ߲֮ƣѾȫ˼ɾˡ
ԴӶ˱Լ֮Ҳŷҡɵ˴ŵ˽⣬ڵ֮̾ٶȷֿȥѰԼĻԵ˵ŨĻõĺôҲǲܵġ
ҲûڷǸǰ÷ɽԼ⵺ûͷˣ˵õĻֱӾͱ͵ڵλҲпܡ
ߵֻʣ½ӻʾš
⵺ʱһߴŽ鿪ʼѰҡ
ڵȷ⵺ԱģֱñǱݡ
̶̵СչڵջѾ⵺üջҪˣõϡпʯõϧҩǧݵɲݶʱʱ
߾ȵǣǶôϡеɲݣû޶ػֻҪ֣ܹժ
ֲô˵һҡɵ͵һĻᣬʵ٣ЩϧޱȵĶѾΪ֮ˡ
һ֮ߺȻһΪελ÷һڡ
ֻһܶǿȥȴʮֵľԶصǣ֮ܶУȻڷһ㶦¯ڶ¯Աߣһͷһ׶೤ɫﺨ˯
¯㣬οĻƣһǿҵϵĴɢ

˼֮߶ʱһϲ⾹Ȼһ
ҿȥƷԲͣ
Ų̧㾪ԱߵɫޣҪⵤȡߡ
Ѿ˿ǵӽʱͷɫ޻ǵһʱ۾վһ˻˫۵⡣
Ȼһֻɫèǡ
ɫվ֮Ҳˣֻ޺ȻһͷèֻͷèĶͷ϶һöǡ
ǣ
߼ʶŤͷȥ㿴ߵĽͬһ־ȵĿ⿴ǰɫè


387 Զӣаְ
һȽϣ߾ķ֣ͷèԴϵļǾȻͽöž˵ơ
ʱɫèƺҲ˽飬ȷ˵Ƿ˽ͷϵļǣһ˫۾µµתʲô
Сһԭɷ״̬ˣ֮תΪ޵ã
ûᣡ
ѾСһעȫ˹ȥʱÿԹȥߡ
ӿŲֱһӰ˲ӵԱߣִһԪһ̣һӴֱӽ˻Ϸ
̽Сһע˻ʱ֮ŭ죬ͷϼһ˸һɫ⻷߼ٷ
о⻷߲Ӳֱ㿪ɫ⻷ֱɳֱӴԱߵһʯ棬ʯӦ顣
ǿͨ
һĻ߲Ȳѣû뵽Сһɱôֲǲôˡ
ۿߣСһٴνע䵽ЩĽϡ
һ˫۾֮󣬾Ȼһ·СܵĳŽܹȥ
ޡ衭
һСһܵǾͳٴȥӽǵ˭֪ⵤƺһȻķûСһ̾ע⵽ˣͷһͨκȻһȦ𻷡
߲Ӳ㿴ɳ۵Ļ𻷽һճ˽ڡ
ʾţ֪һʲô
֮£߻ʱȥõ뷨
֪ڵǰҲû⵺ֹ

ðɣֻһԾˡ
ͿСһһ·СֱܵܵǰƵΧŽתȦһһĽ衣
ٶǰ߶ˣ˿ǿ˽ͷϵļǣΪ衣
ҲãôСһմˣ˵ܲˡ
ȻԼͨһصĵһд;
ʱȴÿĿ⣬ʱͷãš
ͷСһﱧ
СһͷСǿȴᣬ鱧һë޵Ƥһһ㶼о
Сһﱻ鱧ڻʱ˲ѣһ˫۾гʪʪıͷͣڽļĥ䣬иǲͣĽ衣
֪СһǷǳĸߣ߹ȥ
СһĶ˻ȻһøжûС
ԶӣǸҺòð
Цʵ
СһһƲ죬ɷҪҪ
߶ʱˣתһ룬ͶԽ˸񣬽Ҳߵ˼ͱСһߵǰý˵ʲôСһһ˫צӿƺҵĶŵץ˼£Ϳԭ׶ߵĴ󶦣̼ͱһСȭͷССŹâһСͷɵСһצ
裬
Сһｫֱӵݵ˽ǰ
ЩյֽӹǰСݸߡ
ˣ
һССһʱŭˣ⻷һ߾͸оеСͻȻһʱȻವһ¾ͷ˳ȥֱַɵСһ
ã⿴ԼòˣҲûʲôֻҪܹõͿˡ
뵽ҲͲٴ⣬򵥱һ·֮󣬾Ϳʼǰ
Զӣаְ֣
·µߣû޵ĿʼɰСһ
ˣ
СһﵹǸɴĺܣֱӶһ޴ĺ⻷Ҫ߶Ŀ죬Ҫɱˡ
ǶĿ죬ûӻʾȴû⣬Ȼ˸ʵ
Ƿᣡ
ӻʾűǿźһ޴񼣻ͱ˳
ಣ
ֱӳŽ黳еСһȥ
أ
Сһһ㶼ʾֱһҧסˣǰѻҧĴ
һĻʾŶһͿʼת
ۼ׼ˣһԵæֹ
һ·˵Ц˻ʾźСһƵ;ʵ˲Ȥֻÿ߶Сһаְֵʱ򣬽鶼Щɬࡣ
ô붼ôĪľͼһС޶ӡôСֶγʵǲ
Ժͽ㰢òã
ߺȻͷС֡
Сʼռǰͼ͵СԵʣһֱǻˣ⻰ֻǰһߣͲ
ЦҡҡͷҲСһֻҪճŽҲУǻܹԼߵνˡ
ԴС޳֮󣬻ʾƺоԼĵλܵвǶС鲻ôкøС
ʱǽصŵϣĳ˱һöֵ۾֮⣬һĪԴӳӣһֱڲϵڱָ㲻ǴľΪҲھ˵š
ԭѾǽӽʮؽߣչ򣬾ȻѾﵽ˽ıأ


388 ޵İ
ҡλģ
·֮䣬ͨʶͨ˹ڱԼ顣
ձԼеıļأҡԱΪ׵λǿִһǬ磬ҡ֮λôܸңԶĵطŨУ֤ҡܹӵѭͶ
ǵģһս֮Ȼ˵һжѾƽϢȴԤеδ֪ΣڵңԲŻᴴҡڵķҡѾ͵ʱͷྶͥͲҲա
ҲûоȥҡĿΪΣķҡȻѾʿѰһԵ˵ķˮأѾʵˡ
Ĭһ֮󣬱Ժ
ԼӪϢ
ͷһͷӦȷӪѾˣ֪ʲôͷ
Ѿô
΢˼һ£֪Ӫͳ˭ɡ
˭
⣬Ȼ޴֪±ȻҪ˽һˣߵƶϣҪ˶ãʿ񣬶Ҫ뵽Ӫȥ
ǺһĴڣʮӽȥҲ֪ǵǷƿһ޵дڡ
ƺ£Ϊп
ƿߣ
һ㶣û˵ĶӱȻܹƿǱҪһĴڡ
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⵽ƺûдȥ֪ĴѾ֣͹ˡ
ߺͽ̽ڵС޶ڵƺ൱ϤļصĵرܹҵЩǣҵĵرһֱӳԵһ㶼ûһľ
ҲˣСһͨΪǿĵرʳʯͷҲӲһӲıˡ
һֱյϤȻСһϲĲˡ
裬ԣ
ⲻС˫צ߬һмǧеϽɫ˲Ӳǵݵ߷Ҫֱȥ
һΪѵĳߣ߹ϵİղѣҪСһһֱԼˣ˲ֱˣҪ֪⺱Ͻ˲ǿֱΪ
Ҳ˵ֻʾ⽪˾ǡ
ûκεĽ飬ڻǾסСһĳϿҽϽ˲һڿڵȥ
ŮЩεı飬߶ʱһĽ
˵Ҳǽ˵ˣôһСһǱˣԺζЦˡ
һϽ˲֮ӴԪоʮֲߵָ»һĵطʼ΢Ԫա
Ҳһ·ҲżԱһһΪ黤
ӻʾƺҲСһﵱԵľٶʮֵ۲һ̾Ͳˡ
СһһԸȥˣʮа˾ŻȥѰˡ
ֱҹʮ֣ڶͷؼǵĸ½Ͻ˲߰˰֮Ϊ˲䱩
ʱҲֹͣ˶Ա⵱ȻӴıˣѾԸоԼ˽ıأƣڷҡϽ̫Σա
ʱߺȻԶ˷ŭĺ
СүıŪ㣡
ߵɫһն𣬾ԶԶǰһɫâ۵糸ĳ߷ɱСˡ
С޵Ӱٷ֮£нϵͨ
Сһһ·֮£ʱʱŤͷһͨǻ⻷Ǻ⻷
⻹㣬߶ȥʱ򣬺ȻӰ棬һ˷ٳߴͬǲϵߺȡ
ȻСһĪĳޡ
գ֮䣬СѾɱ˸ǰ߻ȻСһֻצϸץһɫӣҧһ겻֪ҩݣҩת߲ʻԹӦòǰһϽ˲β
ģԶӣ
߹һЦ̧ͷĿ䵽˺׷ϡ
ͬʱСһˣ䵽ǰȫС
꣬㴳ˡ
ЩĸС޵Դֽͬҩȫ﷨棬ҲĿͶ˺󷽵׷
ಣ
ӰζֻǼĹߺͽΧѾΧʮˡ
ӵĻ飬ЩȻ𺣣
˸һֹо߳һĿݳɷ꣬߶ݺݵĴ
ͬʱһӰǰȴһһŮ
ԭ㣬֪ˣڴ󶫺͸ð㳹ɱˣ
˵˺Ȼǰߵ˵˾ͽϣ


389 
˲佣ţɱ֡
ô˾ͽϣʶˣ
վüëԱߵ˾ͽϡ
˾ͽɫĻ˾䣺ע˵Ŀ
з漴һЦһĲм
˾ͽϣǸӣΪǱЩòȻļһǰãǶ
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˾ͽ˲۾ðӲѵǲˡ
ϸ磬ǻǽˮҪ
ʱվ˾ͽߵŮʾ˾ͽʱ£ϾǰСߵˮǱ˵Ҫ
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˾ͽһ˦ӣתͷߡ
Լǵȡ
˾ͽŵģ߶ʱһЦʲô飬ҵģ
ˢ
߶˵һֱ̧ӾһԹһƬɨ
˾ͽ϶ʱŭ˫һתıǹɲǼ両֣ӭĻԹȥ
һĴ죬ǹڻԹײ¾ѣһ߻ӳĻԹҲþΪΡ
һĻ˾ͽʶһˢˢˢӿӰȫǱӵװ˲ͽΧס
ÿһжʼ۱ǹʱռ䶼ðҫ۷ǳ
ƾǣ
м˱֮ߵսνǳɱȻ粢δִһԪж̺޽ߡ
Χ˿壬ֱʩչǿ𻷣ͬʱĿһӵϣ̧һҫ۵Ľ
ǵԭ۱ȻоǰһǿʱһҪֶΪʱбûü;ǰһʱһ䣡
˼ĿԼѾ׶ʱһĪĿ־˲ϧʱ־Ȼá
Ѫ߸ߣ˲ȾΧء
ˢˢˢ
ʱӵ۳ĴƬǹҲͬһʱ䳯߾ȥ
ƵƵƿХŵǣЩȥԵıǹȻһȦ𻷵ʱ򣬷׷ɲǼ䳹ڻȻֱ
˾ͽ۾ǰľţǿһȻմԷ½ǣ
һնɱ֮ߴЦҡͷ
̫ˣҵ֣
㣡
˾ͽ˫ðñǣʱյ裬ҶԷֻһˣȥǵţ
㻹ϷʱȽħնɱҲ٣
˾ͽʶ˾ԣһԷΪ׵ĻӵȻԹ۵ģȻŭӿҲ֪²ʱֻ˫ֲȡʤİա
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Ҳɵӣĳǰڷ쳣ǿǱǻǻ񹬵ˣԿĻʮּѣ˫ѡ
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һ֣վһɻ񹬵棬һͨȿֺͷų
һ򵱹أ˫ִ󿪴ϣҪȥֵܣǿƵѹֱգ۹ǽһ񹬵Ӻһӵܽնɱ
治󹦷ͱѪȾ죬һɴ̱ǵѪ˲
һ޹֮˫룬
˾ͽϺͷɫԷǿ̫ˣ湥һϣûС
ʱȴǽĿ䵽Ľϣʱ˼ƻѲ˵ߵŮҲһǿôôȰŮƿ˵
뵽ٺһЦ˫ǰһΣĻ˫֮˲ȼգٿһ˾ȻɲǼԭʧ
ţ
۹·ͻȻʧ̾ע⵽ˣֻ޷ȷһﵽʲôַŻͻȻʧ
Ѹٽʶ̿ɲǼ߾ʹΧĿв׽һ˿˿ĺۼ

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쾳統Уնսܹӳ˿־Ͼ쾳ʿٶٿ죬Ҳ޷Ͷġ
˫΢΢з죬һ̣׽ķټȻֵ
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ˣ
ͻȻߣʩչͨСްʱŭͷһһȦ⻷ͱȥӭ˷ͷµĻ
ۣ
⻷ͻɫĴײһ̷ڵ⻷Ȼ赲ס˻ɫȴһ֮ͻͬʱΪΡ
ʱ򣬷۳ľ޴ȴѾߡ


390 ˫
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һж쵽˼£ûжսİûʱӦЩҲǾСףһ˫˷ϡ
ǰߴʱҲЩĵζлٶȿ󣬶Ҵʱǰ˾ͽԼµһﱱӵܺͻ񹬵Ӷ׷׶ѵͨͬеķ˳ȥ
£ʵǿҲò糱ˮһĹ
ʱĻͬɲǣֻĶͷϼͬһͿһȦɫĲϢĵ
ⲨƿƮƮģһĻͻ𵶣˲ͽͻûײӰ
ԱԭΪѾ־ڱصõķһĻͻȻһ㶣һ˿ɻ󣬵Īľ塣
ΪоһĪΣԼ
Ҳκεĳɣ˫ַɿıãͼٴʩչߡ
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һĻˣڷʩչԭƾʧ˲䣬һȦѾ˷ߵİɫͻȻһҲʧ
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صߺȻһʱȻѾʩչߵķ
ʱķߴȻĴ˺Ѫһ£ɢһѪޱȵĳ档
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֪ͷϵļأҲû뵽Ȼ˵ĿֲѾʩչն޷Ƽ򵥷ǳİɫ֮ߡ
ǿɱʮؽǿ߶޷ֿ
ǿɱƺֻܵвʱŻʩչҸܽԼĿơ
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ʱ˾ͽϣܵһĪĿ־塣
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ۿ˾ͽߣʣµҲ׷׾ֲѵתӡ
ֱʱ򣬻񹬵Ƿ·ŴӻоѹһɫҰ׵ķ׷׺ˡ
ˣ˻ʲôãӵĿ˵ܱסһӵ˿Ҳͽˡ
Ҫ֪ܹѡ뵽ҡģЩ츳ڵˣǿʤʶǿǱʶǿ츳Խãζſ·ߵĸ˭ҲԸʹزۡ
ԭڵ׷֮زز߼ЦҲ׷ϣǳ˳Ϸʬ壬Ȼ˹ȥ
ӷʬϺܿѵһ෨Ĩʶӡ֮߱ɿļ
һһջ治٣װ൱ݻʯֻѰһ֮ߵЩʧˣвûҪĶ
ܹߵĶ޷ǾǸղʩչһֻˣֻǿϧûдѵ
ۣ
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ԼѪȵĳѾϰΪ鲻ӦҲ֮е顣
һӵӣǻָ˹ȻĬĽǰӵݸߡ
Сް꿴˿ȻʮֲԸӣջû赲
ӽнӹӣһŻɫһǱɫ
˵ǰ˿еĻˮˡ
ܹĸоϵ˿˿֮ˮһ˿˿֮Ŀǰ߻˽ӵʲô;һ֮
һս˵ǳǰı֮⣬ֵ˻һˣǰ˫Լ˫㣬ڷҡѾвˡ
һսƺֻŲ֪ʲôõӣЩˡ
˵ԷȻ˿ӣҲ֮
򵥵Ϣһ֮߱ڵĿ£


391 ʸ֮
ҡڵ⵺С࣬ÿһıġ
ϵһεĽеϻϥأǰ֮һīС
˫Ŀգдʣ˫ָǲϵĴһµķ
ŷĴͿһСķת֮£һȦȦŨīһĺϵ뵽˵üġ
˵Χ˵ʮ߲֪޵ʬ壬Щʬ״ʮֲңںڵѪսΧĵ档
ԼһʱֻʮĬһ֣˫㣬ͿСɲǼֱ𻯳һڹ˵塣
ϻ㻺۾ƺϬģҲͬһʱ۾
ۣ
վϻСһţһöСֶֻСһΣ˲С֮±ǿޱȵѹѹȵΧ˲硣
һ޴ĺɫӰХֱֱնԶһʮɸʯ壬Ӱһûʯ֮Ȼ
һĻϻĵͷ´Ǹˣɣ
뵽⣬ϻ˫֮в֪ɱ⡣
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쳣˫ζǿײķɳ֮Զ˿赲˫ɱľġ
ΧΧЭ˫Ļˣһӣ֮УһŮɴ㷢˫ǹһ貣һѰɫǹÿһγĪ⣬ҲϵĴƬǹ⡣
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䣡
Ѫɢȭħŵźڵһ֣ȴȻֱ

ȭħʱſĴЦӾȻܹסѪһָտɴ
ȭħһݺύȭӰȻǱСһ㣬ѳѪһСξ롣
ȶˣϴǸСӣǲǸˣ
ȭħ˫ȭʼۿɼһɫѸٵ͡
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ɫĽеһ˷ȸ߸ߵ׳
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ȭӰ뽣Ӱ֮£һ޴Ľ֮УѪһŭ֮󣬾޴һζ˼±Ȼء
Сӣţ˫򲻻к³
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ڵһϪɳǵһ˻ѾۼϣҶСС˾ռҵ˫˾׷º˾׷ǣԼ¶ɢϢӡ
ಣ
ԶһӰ˻δѾ˹
үѾѰսĵϢƺѾһˣ
һһͬɫСߣ˵
ŶǺҲսĵ⣿
磬ӦûǰЩˡ
һԵС˵
ǰ⵺ʱֲԵʣûսĵĹ鳣ڹ鳷ɽڵʮа˾ǷսĵλãѾȫϣҸлԵСҲսģϴεԲٷ
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ͬһʱ䣬ڵһεĶѨ֮УڷĸΧһϢĽɫʯϵļȡ
һʱȥžһɫʯȻʧȥ󣬳װȥű㿪ʼѣΪĩ

ĸ˳һڷ۾վ
ߣսı֮ıԲ֣֮ˣֵѶϢǵһʱǰҵûر


392 ʮؽ
ǵ˷ҡϵˣԼĻԵ
ŶԷҡԽԽ˽⣬˵жɵĺڵ
ڵĵǷҡĺġ
˶طɹӣǶڲϵĽӽĺģϵȥѰٴ˵ĻԵȻÿ˶ԼĻԵܹźճģֻںġ
ǴչȥĳһϿڷµļǺš
ϸ۲һ֮ߴŽѸٳһȥ
ͬʱԶģԴ˵ؿҲͬĳּǺţ˿ʼѸٵһϡ
⼸ϺȻǳƽƺûж˷ĳͻ
۵õĻԵС൱һ˵ѡʿɶֹǲԸȥ͹˷ͻʱпܶ
ֻ߳ʱ֮󣬺ȻɫЩ粻
ͣ½Ųһελãûдȥ
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˵ʮؽ֮
ĵ۾̴֮
һ˵ʮؽͬҪѭ򽥽㲻ͬҴ֮󣬲Ҫ˵ǽʮؽֱһɾкܴļˮ֮¡
˻棿
Ļ״ߣֱܹӳɾɽҡ޵еĴڡ
Ȼ˵⵺ѡɾģеλµĽƣʮΪˣڵϽܵǿѹơ
ԭˣֱӽ
ʱҲԥˣƲ֮ͻһսҲԼڷҡϵ˲ˣȷ˵ǳڵϵ϶ѾˡһЩԼûʵϵƣ»粽УҼпܶ
˽ʮؽĲȻڱо̤һô򵥣Ƿŵ쾳ķ֮ڣȻǾ޴ġ
ʮؽȲ˵ԿʼҪǿ̶ȻԪĻ̶ȶŴȵ˿˿âһʿԵֿġ
ԭߴǵȳ˷ҡ֮ѡǾǰ״Լڵѡһľ
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ͨʿʮ죬Ϊı־һ߽âʱߵĽһЩĽʿһΪʱߣ۵Ŀɲһ߽âô򵥡
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Ȼܹﵽ̶ֳȣһΪԭĻޱǿҪһʱĴ
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ԵɻԵߴʱȻϾȥ룬ΪѾȫ統С
ʿһͨʮؽнνǸͬеļԾԲеȴǼž
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Ϊ֪һ㣬߲Ÿǿл˵ķҡѡ
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ΧΧĻ˲һҵҡΣһĽâΪ֮
תҲע⵽һ㣬ȻһͻѲɻʲôʣ
¾Ѿʼֻ̣ҪЩͻȻֵɫ׵粻Ƶһжоա
Ҫģ֮һ׷ƿ׵
ʱȻߵԺ𣬶ʱظ
ͨԼѾ֪ǷҡĴ֮һ˵ǷҡĴôܹƾɫǿҲȫ˵ͨˡ
ɫ׵ųһӵӣȻһգɫ˲ʧ
ͬʱҲĸоԼʶ֮гһ˿˿׵绷ƣ΢һܹĹͨЩ׵硣
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һʱȥڳĳһ˫Ȼ侹ơ
ȻսֻһƣһĴָϸɫ׵ֱֶӴڸһϣ˲㶴˼Ӳɡ
ǿ׵磡
һĻҲɵľȣû뵽һͷܹ֮
ߣ
һʮؽǿ߽ٶǰȥѰڷˡ


393 ս֮һ
·ϣȴЩʱ
Ȼҡǵִ죬Ӧȫ֪ɡ
ʳеʣĻôȫòˡ
ҵֲ٣ǷҡǣڶУʮȥܹ֪Ѿˡ
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ʱڵӽĵλãһƬϣһƽɫսսĵһƽһԽɫ鳡
ɫսĵǾķɢ޵ѹԲﶼɢһϺƵĲ
񼣵ϵڿţս֮Ͻ㡣
ʮ￪ĵطʱȻݹϮ貵ĶݹڵصʱȻͣ¶аӰ
ȵģǶɳǵҶٺ˾˫正
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ܹ׼ս־񼶴ڣ
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С˫֮˸޳ȣֻҪܹõսģǶɳǵɵսͿ˲üΣʱԺ´Į֮еκ嶼ս޲ʤ
һ㣬СȻҳưԴ󶫷ȴΣķ¶ļѾ¶Ҷ֮еǴ
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ܵⷽԲʮǿƣһ£
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꣡
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·ʲô˺һ㣬ѪɫӰԱߣһɫƿռѷһĿӺȻ˺߳һͷӡ
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նҵǹж
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̶ɳǵǹǾͳȫ㣡
Сһȣ˻¶һɫԣ˲֮Գնȥ
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ˢ
С̤գͼƹ˵Χ¡
⼸Ȼ˼ȷôС׵ľƹȥ


394 ս֮
նСսһ𣬶ʣµĹͷѪɫӰߵСȫע˵ϡ
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һɿֲϢڿжѸٳ˷ӡ

˾˫歵ɫС˲䱩ŭгǹߣһƥǹâХϯͼӽѪɫӰӡ
ʱ˧ӳĺɫСѾӭһλΪһͷ׳ĺɫһХ֮´Ӳֱ󷽲Զ˾׷º˾׷Ů
ŮǰӰʱһӰζ֮Ѹڿն˫趯ٴδǹ⡣
Ů޹Ƚأһǹ֮ǳ
ˢ
ɫٶȿĳ棬Ůڿ֮ʱѾǰһâ֮¾ȻŮȹڸԳȥһ
ɵĺã
һĻͷ˧Цһ˲ǰĿȻ˾ռŮ
ˢˢˢ
˧һҵʱǰ̵ס˧·

˧˫һᣬһֻ֮˫ֲ֮к֮ϺȻһֻɫֱ֣֮еһץȥͬʱǰĽŲûаֹͣ˼
ɫϢĴֵͷץɫһгǹ˲߾٣ͼȥ̴֡
ۣ
ĳǹ״˺ɫֻ֣ûңͿ˵ĺɫ־Ȼûֹͣǹâһǣץ¡
ǲ
ͷѵ촫һֱӱ˺飡
Ѫ˲ץʬȻء
ѪȵһĻŮ˸һ˿˿ľ֣ƥ貵ǹӶĺ˧ϡ
˧ƺӵм᲻ɴݵһ㣬Щȴû˿˵ļ
һץһ˧˫۱óȣǰɫ̶׼
ã
ʱںѪɫӰСʱ۽һȻ˵ԼռϷ磬ȴڶʱڽֻɱԷһӰܹ
ԼڵϦҪԶսѾ˵˿ʼڼ
һսŵĵܵССɫԽˡ
ԷȻ׼
С۲Ƶڣ˧ĺɫȻ¡
һѾʶɫֵĿֲۿϮûеֵ˼תͼߡ
ϧһ
ɫַ·ʤȯգھ˻Щʱ򣬺ȻһΪ˲仯ֻһģһĴֱ֣ץȥ
ۣ
Ѫ֮˺һٴαɱ
ȫɱ˧Цʢû谭˾ռҵСֿɵˡ
ס
س嵴ĹȺںʱѾִ˾ռŮϳ˲·ȰӰѾŮجΡ
ϸ޳˵СѾû·Ůֶ֮˲ٵŭ
ˢ
оΣŮ໥һͬʱˣ˫ձ֮ǹŮзɳ˲䡣
ֻܷ·𳹵׹ǿ֮Уֻǹ⣬
ʱƾεƶŲᾪȵķܸûб仯Լûж
⣬ǳ֮Ŀֲ
˾ռ洫Ѫ֮бŹͨǳһɳεĿֲ
ǹһΧ˶ʱȫʧС
ʱսǿĹͷ˧Ҳһʱ֮ҲĿ꣬Աߵնǳ֮УֻǼͽСü°Եǹâ
Ѫ͹ѾʶµʼѰͻƿڡ
ʱԶɫУƽɫľ޴սԱߣȻһӰڷһͬ׷սĹ鳵Ķɻ̫ӣ
ɻ̫ѾǱսԱߣһ˫Ѫ˸ɡ
սഫϹȻ֮ܵе࣬ˣҲͨʥʵһսģ
սģҽ̸˲Ȼ绢
Żƽɫսģɻ̫һĪ˷ܡ
ʵ벻ҡϾȻܹǿ
սĲܹӵеģ
ɻ̫Ҫ߶Ԫģһ
Ǳ·Ѿô˽ӽ
ɻ̫ûйȥ룬ΪʱѾоһӴϢ
תͿһۺ췢վڲԶֱɢһǿơ


395 ս֮
ˣɻ̫ȴһͻ
ɢϢޱȵİԵȻоʵƺԼ٣һԵУԼȻ᲻ɵ
˲򵥣
ɻ̫ţĻʼٵۡ
Է֣ôԼͻѡǿһ
Ҳܣ
ɻ̫һЦǰԶĺº췢֮ˣ˵ս֮Ҳ㵽ж͸
Ŷ𣿡
˫ޱ飬ڶɻ̫ϵļûκεķӦ
ʵǿɱ͵ĳױط
Ҫ֪Ŀֲ֮˳Ѫ֮ȫλԶõԵʩչ֮һֳѪ츳
˫ûаѶɻ̫ӷѰսǰΣ
Ǿʶһҵжǿ
˫Լǿ˵仰ͬʱѾˡ
ȣкܴѹƵȻȥû˿谭
ƶ֮䣬˫ϿʼɺĿѪͬʱ˫ʮָؽžžֱ죬ʮָָѸٵֻͣһĹ˫˫ѾѪȾɴɴʺɫѪһ߶೤ָ׷׵ȥ
ಣ
˫ھɻ̫мʮ׵λʱͻȻ±Ѫɫɼ
ͬʱڶɻ̫վĵϣһںīӰѸٵ
˫ƮڵͿգѪɫĳӭ裬Ҫģƺֱֶνǰ֮˳Ĩɱ
ʢź󱲣µĶɻ̫Ȼվԭز׸
ֻವһ˾һֱڿն𣬽˫һƬںطɳͬʱжһڰҫ
һ飡
־Ȼһʱóôһ˫ڿʼ
һ˫Ѫ΢΢з죬ŶԷΣ˫絶罣ʮָʼƵƵѪâ
Щ۶ɵѪâ˫˫ֵ˲䣬ڿӭǣɳѪɫһʱֵţſмɵĶɻ̫ƹȥ
Ѫɫٶȿ磬գ֮Ѿɻ̫Χס
ɻ̫˫ᣬһȻһֱӷ
ɻ̫Ӵ߶ǿźڰӣԶ˫Ȼһǳ⣬˫ַɿͿԭѾڿΧѪɫҡһ˲仯Ϊīɫͬʱʱһ
Хƣǰһ˿յĹٴۣǴͷŶɻ̫ȥ
ȣ
ֻɻ̫һȣһ˲ֿɫ³ɫ졣һֿɲǣΧ˲䣡
ľףХķ𶯵Ĵأһеһз·Ԥĩյ٣
һȻʥ۷弶ıܹ֮һ
ֻǼ򵥵Ľһ߶ܹ˴ķ죬˫Ҳòһܡ
꣬¡¡
֮Ʒ֮ޱߵ˲ںھһ
ɵƲɵ֮ʯײ
Ƭ֮䣬Զ˫۾һͿǺڰ׽Ʋ֮䣬ɫѸɢͻΪС
ɻ̫һУ֮Ӱٿںϵһ𣬻ָ˺ڰ׽һò
˸ңһν֣ƺ˫Ѿ·ˡ
˫ȥ˿ûбܵļʱȴչֳһڷЦݡ
۷ʥ֣ЩС⣬ΪֹˣӦΪܹľең
˫û˵꣬Ѿˢһǰӳɣͬʱ忪ʼı仯
һɫ֮رڣգ۹ЩɫѾɺɫ˫˵忪ʼ޴仯ʱЩٵĺɫȻת죬˫ϣȻΪһƬƬɢź챦ʯһ㾫âĳɫۼף
˫Ȼ֮䷭˺üϳԴûбɫۼ׸֮⣬ط·ǳһ㣬ĳɫۼףܳһβͣͷһǡ
䣡
˫̤գŶɻ̫ӵλֱȥ
Ȼ˵ǿޱȣԶԣȴͬʮ;˫ȻֵΪǿƣȴܳ־á
˫ֻһޱȵͷǾǱսپ
ֶΣֱӽǰֳնɱ


396 ս֮ġ
ʩչ֮˫ٶȺ˾˵
䣡
˫Զɻ̫ӺȻȭ
ֱ׵һȭ·ܹغһȱڣǿɻ̫Ӷ̲ס
ɻ̫˫Ŀע˫ͻȻ֮һٴַɳ֮ʱַǰһδ߶һ֮ʱӵҡ
һƬڰ׽֯ڶɻ̫Χγɵͬʱһһʯ֮д˲仯Ϊڰ׷ĵ֮Ÿߴ˫ȥ
˫һ˫ȭ̧ӭĵӰֱӺ
ǿÿռ䶼ҵĿββȻһ˦Ϳĺɫâÿһâ֮϶̺
âȻڽӴɻ̫Χĺڰʱ᲻ϵʧҲĿЩڰ׽𽥵С
Ȼܹɢһγɷ壬֮Ѿ޽ӽսʵˣ
һĻɻ̫һ˫Ȼ˼֡
ʩչ˫ò˵ǹǷ쳣ֲһͷ
Ϊ츳ڵһɻ̫ԼʵѾǳ֮ͣ۷ʥһ飬˵ֻҪ̫ͬ׶֣ܹڲ֮أǽˣȴһҪܵԤС
սҲܰܣ
ɻ̫ţ˫鿴嶯ľ޴ȭͷһȣԭɢڵĺڰ֮˲ɢȥͬʱһ鵱ոתȻǻһڰ׽սף˲ϡ
֣֮꣡
ԶԶƯڿеĶɻ̫ӺһХ˫ֹչ˫ʮָ֮°ɫƥһ綾һ㳯˫ȥ
ͬʱһ޴ĺɫħӰı󽥽
ɫħװ˱ۣͷڣֱϷֱŸʽ
Ƕɻ̫ӵ꣬ɻʹߣ
˫ǿȫɻ̫ӣֱϣ˿ܡ
Ӷɻ̫зɳɲǼͲɻ̫˫ȭһ裬һɹӴȫǾ޴֮ϣ˴̶ĺ
˫ȵǣǿȻûܹЩ飡
һɹεЩԭŤȻ˲仯һ޴ޱȵ
䣡
˫˫ȭصھ޴ϣΧʱâɽȻȹ̣
˫üͷԷͨȻȥǿԼȴƫƫƲ
һĻĶɻ̫΢΢һЦд֮£Ȼֱͬʱ裬̶۵λɺĹߡ
ͣ
˫û뵽ǣɺߴԼϵʱ򣬾Ȼܹʴף
ֱʱ˫ǳ׵ķŭˣû뵽ƾȻ޷սʤ֣
Ǿʶʶ˫ȭ
˫һҧӲɺߵĹ˫˫ۿʼڿлߣͬʱΧҲʼ۳һɹ޷
˫ȭ£
ͳ˫зͿ˫ȭϵԽԽŨƺʱ̶гĿܣ
һ֮һ˫˫ȭ貵ӰֱײǾ޴
ۿɼģӰ˲˺˼εľ޴ȻǰĶɻ̫ӡ
ӰƵ˵ɲǼѾ嵽˶ɻ̫Ӹǰ
˫ײʱڶɻ̫һ黯ɵսĺۼ
һһȭЧ˫жʱú˼֣ٶȳȭ
˫ȭɨ˼
˫ûֱӸճȭǽٶչ£Ŷɻ̫ӳȥ
ƶͬʱһӰΧ
ҿظо˫սȻڳ
ԭΪڶӦоųɰյģǾǰѳɰնûС
뵽ˣɻ̫һҧһӣâ˸ʱǰֻһģһĺɫСǰ
ˢˢˢ
ֻڽһſڶɻ̫ǰ
˰˽Ȼ˵Ȳ۷ʥļ𣬵ȴһޱȵĹܣǾɻ꣡
һֻڽһ߶ôԲǧ֮κлǵڶҪɣ
ۣ
ģɻ̫ڼֻڽʱ򣬾Ȼ³һžѪʱͿֻڽһȦȦɫ֮³ż˫ӡ
ߣ
˫ȫȻ壬˫˫ȭȻأԭѾΧĽɫӰ˫һȭ˲ɻ̫ӣ
߶ɻ̫˫ƴѽѷ֮ʱڷڻߵ֮Ҳϵ
̧һսһս棬Ҳɵüͷ
ʱѾԣ˭ȥսĵ˭ͻ̳Ϊʸ֮ġ
ಣ
߼˸ոյãԶǼӰ߼ٷ
⼸˵ΪһȻһµŮ


397 ս֮塿
գ۹⼸Ѿ˴ϿգŮΪһſװ׵ŮֱϿסΣ߷ŵ·Ļȵս֮ϡ
˸̬˿εĳ֣ͬ·սе˵ע⣬Ǳ˴֮໥ǣȴݲٷȥ˼
Ӱ˵սǷӵǲûбҪ
лɱŮʵ
սϹȻ֪ΪαҡϣһԿ϶ǣֻҪ㹻ֶΣµսûȴҲܹ޸۷ʱڡ
ŮӰһ˫ˮӾעǰԶľ޴սģԼսĸսѽѷֵӰ
Ѿ˽ȵǣһԤϵˣֻû뵽ͬһʱôˣֻǶսĸȤ
Ϊηҡ̽صľˣӰʱҲòǲȡεսԲܹЧĽսС
ܹͼıսĵģȻһʵ˭赲¶ܹڶʱȡսһѽѷֵĳ̶ȣµǱ̵
˵ȻǰӰȴٳٲ֡
ӰЩΪĵӵȻҲԶ֡
˭Ҳû뵽ʱӲ۵ĽһֻӺһֻèһǰһĳǽɫǵķΧϢСܹȥ
ȷΧսٷ׷׵ʱ˭Ҳȥôһϸڣ˼ܵıӰڡ
Ȼһ˫Ͷɻ̫ӴʱԼͬķ˽࣬ԭѾΪԷΪ໥ǣƣһԶɳǸɴ۵һֱӺͶնֱӱŶţ˭Ҳȶˡ
ԣЩ˶ףµĵȻĿǰ΢ƽ⣬ʱ΢ĲؾͿܻᵼȫ̽䣬ò˵ֱΣ
ϣһṦӻʾźСһﰢѾϰƵ˾޴սԱߡ
ԡڽɫ֮УСһ￪ʼŸôܹ泬ľ޹Ūߡ
˫Ͷɻ̫ҲѾƲٲעŶԷһһͬʱʮСĵĹע˵ĶǷвɫıӰˡ
ˣսĿĲˡ
Ѿ۵һҴүСüͷ˵
ԭ̵Ѿ̶ܴ赲סǰĲٳ֣Ŀǰֵľ˲ƬĻսͻῪʼ
ʱҲͳʧȥսĵĻˡ
׽ͽһȻûսģȻܵҲܴ
ûȱӰǷǰƽƣսͻȻһƽɫ֮ս֮ϸֳһޱȵĹ֣֮䣬ȻһСսķתȦ
ţ
ӰüһעȫŵսʱˮųһĹʣ
ֱ֣ȥȡսģ
һ̣Ӱ˾ͻһɫӰԶӲӵսļȥ
Ȼ
˲ְ취νؼǣ˾ȻӰƤˣֶΣǲˡ
Ǳߣ˶ˣ
һֱļͻȻˣԱڷߡ
һ̸ʾŴ
ʾţô
˵ʵûʾĹȥ͵͵սģҲûжİգ֮³çȥҪǡǰĳǳԣֻҪ˭һǰȥͼȡսģǾͱ˳Ϊʸ֮ģܲ¡
²УǿҪǿдߺѡ
ǰأ
߿СһȥģʾŰ첻֪Сһ֮ܲ
С¸С
ʾһ㶼ûԼȰСľ򣬺̹ȻĳƺΪС㡣
оͳ˹ȥˡ
ȻȥȻ˵Щ˲һܹСһôûðյıҪ
á
ʾȻ˵ͷȰ껹СԱȰҪƻĶࡣ
Сһ̿ʼˣ˿
һ̸ߴĪ鷳
ԭӰȷ˭Ҫô˵Ƥ°ս͵ߣǴʱһ޳һܣʱȻˡ
ȻЩ˾ͲǸ
ˢ
ӰǺɵģһָһһģһɫӰѸٷɳڿһӰС·ķ˹ȥ
һԪӰֻѼܹʱҪǺ˸ô
ͷųһӰӣӰûиı䷽ȻֱǽӲӵģ


398 һںɱ
ӳӽɣӰӰѾСһܵ·׷ٵЩ˲λá
籱Ӱ۾˿ƯڿеӰܹĿ·˵Ķ
һֻˣȫŮӣʱСľΧ
һĻӰɵЦԭŮģֲûֶͼսģǿϧΪƾССĳܹսߣ
ֱ̫쿪ˣ
Щ֮󣬱Ӱû˹ǣֱɢӰӣʱѾսĺܽˣļҲֻҪܹһʱסսģǾӮң
ʱһԶõ˫Ͷɻ̫Ѿעӵ˵շɹıӰˣǲԼͬķȻֱ˵ĺ˱Ӱս֮ϡ
Ȼʱ˫Ͷɻ̫Ӳɱ໥֮Ȼǽأ˭ҲԸ⽫̫ǲɷϵģ˵ͼһ¡
˫Ͷɻ̫һնû˭ܹռϷ磬ȨȻҲ˭ҲûлȥȡսģǼȻˣͼȾָ붼룡
ۿ˵סȥ·Ӱһ˫˸ɱ
ͳθ߸ϣѾµĿԸ񣬾ҡɵ֮ȫƾʵҪͻȻѹȥһѾ˵ĸλƢǶȻܵġ

Ӱ³֣ʱһĿǿ⣬˽͵̿ǰ·Ķˣ˿ûأֱӸʩͨ򽫳ȥ
⼸λɶ֮ӣ츳Ⱥ֮ҸǾϧ۵һΪ˵ǿķ
һʱ֮䣬ɫǸһӲͬķ˫Ͷɻ̫Ӷˡ
ۿԷɻľֱӿʼ֣˫Ƕɻ̫Ӷüͷ
ǰභѾķ˲پԪֺЩٮٮ߶ϣ൱ĲԼĻ黹ҪǣǱ߶ɳǵˣЩ׽⡣
ۿǰ֮ڣҪǰֻֿзսĵᡣ
ǵʱ˭׷
ܱô룬˫Ƕɻ̫ӣ
湥ѸͣóΪͨжƴ
ʱ˫ܿӭͨͿȻ֮һİѷ춸Ȼֿžѷ󣬾ȻɳüӰ
⾹Ȼ˫Ļ飡
һĻһԵĶɻ̫ɫѿˣû뵽˾Ȼһ֣
ಣ
Ǳ̵ļƺҲо˶ɻ̫ӵĴʮֲãǶ׷׷ҵĶţٶǰ֧Ԯɻ̫ӡ
ֻǼĹ򣬾ѾûҲǷ·Ĭģ˭Ҳûܹӽսġ
û̵ѹƣСС˲ûѹҲͬҳȥӽսģǰֻһ˾ѾЩƣӦˣͷƱػ̳Ϊʸ֮ģĿܡ
磬ô죿
СʱҲоھսѾԽԽˣųֵԽԽ࣬ǵĻԽԽã
СǰѾսݱսţüͷ
ɵӣѾǰ²Ϊˡ
ڣСһҧгǹһȵߣ
ȻСʮҪսģսĶҵѪɵͬĪãǶǰĳѾǹȻ˫ȴʮֽʱƣԴСµҼһֱһ㡣
ǰСҧѡ˳
ҡȻ˵ϡУҲһֻսһģٻԵ
ս֮Ȼݱ˶۹·˷ɳߣǶӰ
ų򣡡
ս֮ϣӰӰشȴҲ̲סĺ߳֡
սȫǻսԱ֮ĵֵʵ㹻ˡ
ӱʵôǿǺΧͬӦһʱ̵ʲô⣬˫֪һöҪӣҲʱʱӦһ
Ӵһͨ˵ʱȻоƺʲôͬʱһĿ־ͷ˲Ϯͷ
ã
Ӽʶĺ֣ŤͷͬʱѾһͻϮ׼
һŤͷͿԭյĿռ֮ͻȻһ̫һ޴Ѫɫһֲ˼ٶȳԼ
գۼ䣬ѾԼǰ糵֣
Ӵ󺧣Ѹٴ߶ԪΧγһĻ
ͬʱ̤һ߶
˼ˣǹƺ۾ֱӵһ䣬Ѿͷ
ң
ӶʱɫɷֽȻ˵ЩǿܹԿͨƶ켣ֱֹӹĶδţ
Զӵлɱһ˫Ѿע⵽ѾˣҪԮֵʱ򣬾Ϳɽҫ۹ֱӽû
Ѫ⣬ͷ˲ƬƬ


399 ŵĻƴ
һ̫ͻȻ˫ɻ̫Ѿﵽʮؽž֮˶ûпӵôġ
ʵˣת˲֮ٴλΪⱻ˳ɱ
ѵ֮ͻƵ磿
໥֮ĻսΪӵͻȻɱȻԹһ໥ǣơ
˶ʶ̿ԲһĿռκһط˵ʶǡ
Σȴֻһ
ûˣ
ʼոо˵Ĵڣ
û˿ôģǿҫޱȵѪɫȴеĿˣڹֲɱӵһ̣о˲Св
ʲôܹǿˣ
ʱ˵жڲ²ţҲԲɾȥɱȡ
ϾǶΪսģһ˵ʲô¡
ﲻˡ
ʱ˫ߣһȫ¶кɫս׸ǵĿһŭȣźȭ׵˫ȭѸ۳ȵĺڰâǰĶɻ̫ӵ˳ȥ
ȭħ
˫ȭħŭĳȥֹѾˡ
˫ʱ侲Ѿˣ˭µĶ֣ʱ˶ɱҲ޼£ѾⲻҪˡ
ʱóȻ֣»Լһ
ȭħʱķŭǳȻ˵Ӳûжٽ飬չǹһĪɱôֵ˾ųɾž֮еһ
ȭħƢȭͷһͣԵ뵽ɱӵ˾ǰ֮еһʱ㺷Ȼ֡
ȭħ˫ȭ磬ҲͬһķӽȻϵһǧ˿Ӱԣɴ˿ɼжôֲ
ۿȭħͣɻ̫ȴ˿壬Ȼɳһ޴ħӰɻʹߡ
ͬʱɻ̫ƵƵãŹŹֵͿ˫ʮָ֮ѸһɫϢЩɫѸٻһںڶӭȭħƹȥ
ʮָ΢ţ籡ĶǵصĿʼȭħŰΧס
ǰΧӰȭħһߣȻ壬ֻǽȫ˫ȭ֮ϣ·Ȼǧ᲻ɴݵ޵дڣҲҪȭͷ»Ϊ
ɻ̫˫ʮָչǰȭħһץ
֣֮꣡
ɻ̫ٴʩչͨɻ
ɻһžٿصǿ󹦷ǰƺÿסȭħǿᵫǾȴѷɫһ͡
ֻɻ̫˵˸ֵ˲䣬춾ӰӺȻһʧžͿȭħΧʼֳŨޱߵĺ
ī֮ҪȭħȫС
Ǿʱԭͣ˫ߵŮоϸȻһ೤ĿŽֵĻɢİɫâ
УǽֳֽûܹߵӰӣֻǲһĹȭħΧƵһ㱻չһѷ죬ѷ֮һ˫âȭͷ
ȭħһͻ˫ȭһųȵķâš
ȻֵİǽȻʹ˰֣ϸ籩ܼ꣬ĽӰڿн֯һķ羰
ӣĺŷ׷ɢһʧ֮ڶɻ̫˫ʮָ֮۳ɫӰ
ɻ̫ɫԭΪܹһ֮½˻ɱû뵽Էİ˼ܣƺ֪ԼҪʲôԼͼֵ˲Ѿԥĳ
˺ɫţȭħһȣʼֳһ߳ʮֹĹͷڼӰӰ˫֮һ˹мɳĴ󴸡
󴸴ͷ·һСɽһֲĸо
ȭħ꣬սꡣ
ȭħڶɻ̫ʱѾŭɶٻɲǼͳŶɻ̫ӻ޴Ѹȥ
ɻ̫ȻҲ޶ԣڿշɳףɻʹ߻ϽЩһɱѸײڶ֮ƴǰȭħ
ɻʹӰеĸʽأ۶ɱŹ⣬һ̣ٴλصУѭ
ȭħսǽĶƴȻ˵Ҳ츳ţǲ֪ΪʲôȴΨԼӭĵ˳˺顣
ȭħĵһǰ˫ȭһУ
ӭ㺮Ƿɳ磬ȭħһǸӴİսʱо޴߸߾𣬳ǰĶɻ̫ȥ


400 ɱ
սȭħָӹɻ̫ӵʱ򣬾޴ٴ󼸷֣дͷɽһ㣬һǿɱХźɨȥ
ͬһʱ䣬ǽҲˡ
еϸ·ʱʱ̶̿ڴĴ棬ÿһж̺ޱߵİС
һضնԷɻʹ߶һࡣ
ǽûֱӿĽȴ˿ѷɫȭħսѹ֮С
Ȼɻ̫һܹʩչ˫ƽ֣ǴʱȭħͰǽһԶһνӹȻЩеļ
ɻ̫Ӵ·磬һԺȻɳһɫӰӣһ˵հ˫ֻ֮㿴һƬƬİɫõ廨ƮѾƵĶɻ̫ӡ
ͣ
Ļڿӷ裬ٶȴǿ磬գ֮ɵԶɻ̫ӵΧһ䰵ɫõ廨תȻ絶һȻӲĽɻʹӴ˺ѿ
λ꣬Ȼϵãǵɱǳйһ֮Եĺħ̫ӹ
ڰɽһս֮ɱǳǵĶǶ֪һЩΪڰɽȫΪʹɱǳǽһҹֱ֮
ӶŻɢѰأһʱ֮ԭɵӶõɱǳǣٿӶӰˡУɱǳӶа֮׵ѪõӶѡͶ˫
ħ̫ӹɱǳѾ⣬Ͷ˹˫֮ù˫ʶħƺ𽥸յ֮Ѿ˲֪˲
˳ɻ̫Ѿ֪ԼҲûʤ㣬ȻѾʮַŭǴʱټսȥҪ֮ǣ¹˲ö٣һߴĶɻʹѸٻһƺ壬˾絯һڿлһۼź󷽼ٶߡ
С
ħ̫ӲмĴ
澹Ȼ˵ˡ
ħ̫ӲûмǰƮȻˣڳ˶ɵӣ˭Ҳ׵ʩչȫ
һֱԹۣʱɻ̫ӱˣ߼ڹʱ˵ľ벻֪֮侹Ȼ˲١
ǺĬģѸٺˡ
Ȼʱȭħٺ˵˲䣬Զ֮УȻ۳һҫ۵Ѫɫ
ŵʯ֮ѪɫǴͬʱ֮ʯĸֳһӰӣӰһ֮Ҳ
һ˲̫Ѹ٣ԶıӰҲֻ˸һ˿˿Ĳ죬Ϳٺȭħ˲䱻Ѫɫû
ͻĹĻУȭħҲֱӽȫ۵ȫµĺɫս棬ˣѪɫΧǸо׻˲֫ٺǧҧ
һɿ־Ϯͷȭħһȣһڽɫͼ忪ΧԼĹ⣬ȵ·ճҺһ㣬ƾһȻ޷忪
һݵһȭħѾзܹͬ뵽ͻķȫʩչȫЧ

һƵľ죬Ϳȭħ޴Ӱڿлһߣصȥ
һĻ˫һ
ȭħķޱȣԼûа֮ƿĻѪɫ򵽵Ȼܹһ˲ͽȭħˣ
˫ʱѾǾŭǳȥʣǴȭħǺɫսϱ鲼Ѻ۾֪ȭħʱ㲻ҲѾΪˡ
ಣ
ȭħĪͻϮˣ˫ûãգ֮㻯һӰӣѸٵȭħصĹ켣׷ȥ
˫Ҫȭħǻ
ڳ֮ǰ˫Ϲطÿ񣬽һ꾫һķ֮Уһ˴ֻҪݴ˷ܹͷų꾫Ȼ󸴻
طһ൱ӵΨȱľЩ꾫ܹˣҲܹι̵ǣסһˣʱضܹҪҸҪͨķݲС
˫ǹ˫һģſνĹŻὫ̽
ʱۿȭħΣڵϦ˫ȻҪȽȭħߣ֮ǻԽָȫʢ磡
ֻǣ˫ڳȥɲǣͿǰٴθֳѪɫǿ⣡
Ѫɫǿ⣬˫ʱŭЦȻҳ֣ôڵˣ
̲ݷй켣˫ӴڿһתѾɺǰǿңңţ
ͬʱ˫һɹɰɫỤ̃ÿһŨ֮ж·һͷϹޡ
Զĺħ̫ӣһĻ۾һԼȻͷ죬кԼʵ޷ǰλȵġ
Ͽ˫Ҫɱˣ


401 ȳ²֣
˫ʱȻŭǳӱնɱѾĵǳˣȭħҲͻȻϮˣȻڣǾǰûлȥ߶챦临
˿ɺޣ
˫˫Ѫ죬Ŀֲ󣬴ʱȥһͷײеϹһ㡣
УһɫŨ߷ţһ޷׽Ĺ˫ٶȽ֯һ㰵ɫĳѪۼס
һжڵʯ֮䣬Ѫɫ˸һɲǣ˫ѡʩչǿֶΡ
˫λһĶ֮ѪɫѾ糵һ˹ҫ۵Ѫɫâ˲ͽ˫Уȵ˾Ʈҡ֮еҶֻ
˫ʱȭħƣһޣڱѪɫһ̣ΧͻΪһȦճҺ壬һ޷ȫ档
ʱ˫޷ڶʱڽֵƣôȴľǿֲıըԻһеıը
ʱ˫ƺѾ׼ڱѪɫ˲䣬Ѿ˫ֺȻӶһȦȦɫŨٶȴȻѸûһ޴ֲޱȵס
˫ȭ
ʱ˫ɵĻȳ˸֣ɲǼǾ޴쳤Х֮¾޿һţ³һɿȥͬЩճҺ壬Χ֮ϡ
ճҺȫǾ޴ѹԭȭħ޷ƵѪɫ޴µ֮󣬾Ȼʼٳֳɢļ
˫һЦȻһǾ޴ױ㳯ǰ´ȱڷ򼲳塣˫
ԭ޷վûܵס˫ֲɱУܿı¶һȱڣȱڳֵ˲䣬Ȼһ޴ڵ˲ŷ
ըѪɫɵڿʼͷųֲ
޴״˫ը˲ನȻ˫ڿм˺üʮɲſסΣĪֵľ޴ף۾ɨܣͼֵ˵ײ
˫ŭǣȴȻûҵ˵ӰӣϢо
ɶ񣡡
˫ҧгݣȻղŵıըûиɶ˺չⲻһѪڣȻԷʵ˿Լ
նߣ˵ɽͼİǸͲһ£ͼȫʱ̳ڲ֮ء
ôҪĿľƣ˶ӦӲϾ
һһֱظ֣ⶼϣľ档
ԽңͶԼһԽкô
һֱͼ֮Уۿûֱ˵˫ҲżֻƾͼǱΧĿռ֮У
ֻҪͼϢǰЩˣ޷
˫Ҳˣڻɫ˻ȥ˽ƻȻи߳Ϣı죬ȴƺûдȥȡսģһֱǺġ
ԱߵĶɻ̫һ˶һ֣ͬҲҶȥսġ
һջôԡڻƽɫ֮С
ڱӰˣһֱڸ߿֮оĹۿûж֣˭֪Ǿûз˼ĿǰϵУǿһ
뽩֣Ӱ˼Ƭ̣ڿڵλضǴˣҷȰǳȥȻԼôĶ֪
Ӱ⻰˵Ŀνһ˫أڳ˶ȫʶľвΪǸһֱڰר͵ϮǺһġ
ȻҪͲҪ͵͵͵Ϯеһս
̵Ĺͷ˧߷ߵ˵
ԣǰ͵ϮǺһˡ
ǺǣܿܵĵӦòҽ֪ͣȤĻ͸Ͻߣ
˧˼ԣӰôֻƺʲô
ҡΣأңǷϳܿĸ֡
ߣ
˧ԼĴͷٺЦ˵һܿܣѵΪһֻҰ͵ϮļһܹսʤһУ
תŶɻ̫ӵȻͺʱһ£ȽЩĶߣ
˧⻰˵ģͼѾǺˡ
ɻ̫ӿ˿Զ˫ͻȻֱ˵ĳʵֳЩˣȻĹҲ٣㿴Σ
˫뿪˵ȻԶĽɫ֮еսķһĹžͿһɫĺâֱ
ã˳û
ԭսĵľ޴ʯ̨ϿտҲʱʱɫһ緭
˾ȻƤ½ߣ
˫ľ߿֮еıӰҲһ䣡
̫ˣ


402 ر
Ӱ罣ڿһɨԭɢϢˣǻƽɫǵ֮УӰѸٵĳһȥ
׷
Ӱһǳ⣬˷׷׶μ׷ȥ
˫Ͷɻ̫һҲܻǶȻû뵽Ȼ˵󣬶ҳɹȡߣ
Ȼ¶ټǾˣ
ֻǶݵ˼֮ԼѸٴӲͬķ׷ȥ
ۿ˶ǰӰ׷ȥѸٵĲͼһԽ䵱һնĵؿͽͬСһ𣬱ڿգȫٴ߶ͼǰȥ
ȡˣȻڷֵܶˡ
ʱֻǰߵİûĳȲ߻õ·߼ٷɳۣͷһۣкһƻļһʱȻŭ˼㣬ֻҪΧȻ
κһٿпܹһ
ڵƸӣǲ̸ڣ˷ɵĲߣʱʱĻᴩһЩܼľ
ÿÿ˴һЩϰ֮ЩϰᷢһЩ벻ı仯ýãȻͷľŲƣɽʯȵܹ࣬谭׷ģӶĳ֡
һģȻ˶ˡ
ŮȻ֪˰ŵǺ⣬¿֮о֮ҲɵòߵϸƵ޷ļƻ
һ׷ͬʱξᱦƻĲ߻ٶȥӦڷ
ͼѾ¶ɣϢǶ׷ܹȫˡ
ֻҪڷһʱ䣬ζᱦƻͻ᳹׳ɹ
·Ѿѡ˵ģ߸û˷ѶʱͳɹĽӦڷ
ֵܣ
ڷҲһղһȺ˵ƤӲߣڵĽ࣬һвأ¶ʹսᡣ
ȻʱԼûаĵ󣬶ʱ˶ߵĲ߻ֶóϷ
˵ز˵طϽߣȥӦͷˡ
׷ڣȻûʱڷгͼ˽ȥ󵱿һҡΣȻٶȻһСķɳȻԭ·أ
;ֵһЩϰͷŮµģǵĴ˵൱Σա
ֵСǬ統ǳ뻯
ͼУ߶֮̾ѡ
֮ڷ磬ǰ¼ɫ˫һǰȻֳһĴģϹʧսģ
ս׷˷ԴϹʱĹرȻɣ仯սļһοս֮в֪١
ȻĹû䣬ڷǼ̳ĹͳѪĵϵһĹ־ѾѪ֮Ĺκһ˱׷
ʱµرһȵڷ磬Щ񲻶
սĴУȻܹһ֧ܹɨµѪãʱָĹ嵱ǿԸҲã
ǣڷ绹жһûߣҲ޷õ
ֵܣһ󣡡
˼Ƭ̣ڷһҧԼ뷨˵
ֻǾĽĿͶߣ˷Ĵڷ˵ֻǵĻӦ˵
ڷһԴǣ˵ʵսرؼգУȻ֪һܹսֵ㹦ûһи㹻Ĳ

⻰ȻһЦ
սȻ˽ⲻ࣬ǵô˲ҪȥϿض˲õڣǲ֪еĹʲôĲ
û̿ڣأ۾ӵһҲᣬֽǰ½Ϊá
ǰ
ڷҲʵڲ֪߲ͬĻΣѵӲ
ʱᵽǰ£ڷȴ̿ˡ
ǰ˾ֻΧȴˣװֺǰ˫ͬ
ƣǰһơ
һƣȻ뵽ˣȻɳǰƽڵˡɳڸΪηҡ֮ҲȻɳԼΪɫͽѰٻԵˡ
˴ʱͰƽڵ˶һ
ŮʵȻǺͰƽڵٮٮͽȣһľ룬ǰʱŮѾԳ·ˡ
˱ΧڷʱҲ˲ȥսĵˡ
ͼһѸټսš
ںսİƽڵˮȻñǿϮһ̣׷ѸٳŲͬķߡ
ģС
һɾֱߣڷƿڴ
ûгͼռ䣬ֻԶԶһߵˣҡͷЦƽӵˣǰƽڿҲнľˡ
ͬʱǰһϿգӰɫſյܣأһתѸٳ·أһʱ䣬˶׷׸ϱӰ
Уŵ˫̵Ķɻ̫ӣҲһʱ޷͸Ӱʲô


403 ׷
ӰȥãԲĿбʱʱĻӹһ磬֮һ˫۾
ǱӰҲʩչǸɫӰӡֻһΣӰͷųӰӶļ壬ԲķΧȫ鷶Χ֮ڣ
ǰ׷ǰʱ򣬱Ӱ̾ʶԼٴη˴󣬵˸ûһֱǰӣǼпܾ׷ϵĺ󷽣
ӰӰӿνϢǿ߶޷쵽
ӰȻû˿Ĺȴκ̽ͨ޷棬ǾǿԿ͸һУ
ΪЩ˾ô̵ʱѾӳԲֻҪǻΧһܹ֣
Ӱһ˵ͷߣȻ˵ǰʱﶼջСսȴŲͬܣȫ޷ģһõսģпһΣ
ҲҪõսģ
ӰӭУ˽󣬷ҡڵϿգʱʱĻιһĿ硣
ֵܣҸղ˵ĻΣ
ֱӱ˰ƽڵСڷԼû˵Ļ⡣
߲ûżشȴ⡣
ڷԸ˽ģȻʱ˳ôҪıȻʮѣսĹµرһ˵Ӧġ
ҲɵӣԵ޹ʵȥЩΪ˼µ飬ϣǲðսóȥΨһвǣڷ˵ĲͬھǴĹöȻЩʵ
Ǻǣ֣һһ룬֪ĹܹĲ
ڷҲף˵һһ룬Ȼ˫֮սĽס
ߺǽǲⲻԼ߾ͿԺ޼ɻֱӰֶرռΪС
Ԫҩ裬ֻ֮ҪܹóģֻҪֵܹۣԲġ
ڶᱦйûûսǾԲ䵽һڷ翴סԣڲҲ˼
Ԫҩս裬Ĺ˵ȲµرҪ
ս֣Ĺ帴
治þ˵ʵҿʲôҪǺǡ
߸˸Ļش𣬼սҲ̰ͼʱգ˵ҲᵽĹȥһˡ
Ȼûи׼ȷĻش𣬵⻰ڷһȻ̰ͼսģôһоͺ˵ˣ˶óһЩԴҲˡ
ڷһ£һͷƵݸߣ˵Ĺ֮ϵطֵһԱ֪
ֽӹƣҲԣֱȻڷƣǲм١
̸ףҲֻǶ̶̼ӵʱ䣬⼸ӵʱ䣬ӰطӰѾӹƬϿա
ţ
ԶеıӰʱ۹һɫӰӻһâ߼ɶ
ͬʱӰޡлɱٵ˷׷ٶȸϡ
˻δǿɱѾ
ҪͼռߺȻüͷһ壬ã׷ˣߣ
߻֪ж׷˻˵һʱ䳷˲ϲߡ
Ѹٴ߶ͼǴӶֱߡ
ߣοûôף
еıӰ͸طӰӿĿ˲֮Ϊһɶݶߡ
ǰڻսʱ򣬱ӰûжطӰ׷ڰ͵ϮˣΪ˻ûв򣬵ǴʱѾȻͬսıǽ͵ߣʱıӰѾ˿ı
ˢˢˢ
һĴɵطӰӽͼ
֣СǬ绯ΪһǸ޷֣ղſֻǺײĵڸ׷Ӱ
͸ͼܴһûз׷ʱġ
Ը˰ɡ
ȻҲϣĽһɲĸоƺʱ˿̾һ˫۾εĶǡ
ôֵǵа취ǣ
ڷ翴߻һĵɫ㿪ʵ
ҡҡͷҲ˵ʲôֻ˫۰עΧĶ
׷ˣѾһϢǡ
ǣȻ̧ͷ˵
Ȼ
ɫһͼҲȫεĴڣվǱǷˡ
СһЩ
һ߶һĹĻ£ͼΧȻˣôһս
ಣ
Ӱɳ۶ͬһʱ̣һտɫĹĻˢһ¾ͺ֮Уõסߵȥ·
һĹĻȻס˻ͼ
Ȼסȥ·ôһսɱ⣡
뵽ȥͼķܣԵͼ˽飬ȫ˳
ߣοǻӣ
Ӱɫ䣬հһµ̬


404 սһ
ߵһκŮš
߿ĴŮϸоһɱɱڵܣȻ޵վͷ·Ƿĵ棬ʱѪȾء
ָоϸоֻǰŮ˵Ϣ͸¶Ҫǿϼ֡
ʿǺѪʿǰŮˣ˿
ţˡ
Ҳòϣ֮еѾȫȻĵز
ǰŮᣬ˿ֲʵδ治ɹ
ԹԽսĽȻ
ԸΪ壬˵ͬʱѾȻ֣Ԫ嵴֮һʴ״ɢ㣬ʱ֮䴫⽣Ӱ֮
һԵıӰ֮ǼɫĻֳȻֱӺǰĹĻνӣΪһɫռ䣬˶ΧС
޵һ֣浱ʲõȻˡ
һЦһѾǰüԶдͷһĨɫâ˸ֱӳ¡
һ֣ʱ֮찵ء
ݣ˲Ϣ֮㿪Ĵ󸫣֮ʱкȻһŷ
ʱеοȥЩһǺ«һȭͷСɫԲм䴩һɫ̹ɫ̹ɫԲôһʵĶ
һۿֵķʱЦ
һǺ«ӴܣҲСƨ
һ⻰ԭεʱͺˡ
Լķλʵ˳Ц˲٣Ǻ«Сƨʲôģÿֳοսʱ̲סĳЦϺü䣬Ǻ«Сƨۣ·о֮俴Ǻ«˶Ҫȥ˿һٵҲһˡ
˽˶ֽ֪֮飬𽣴飬𽣻飬ŷͬ
ҲǺĿеĽʱЦǳ׼ŭޡ
Ũɱ⣬ܿӭľ޸֮нȻһöžͿ𽣽һҫһɫӱӽ
ٶ죬ڵ֮еһתʱһֶģķְˣգ۹ǰɫӡ
ǧ仯Сƣ
ĴսνһʮᣬռȻҲ⣬ǰ⽻һȣʱһ㻤о޸۳һɫһХգ۹ڵ۳һʮɴľ޸УϯſҪǰ鳹׻顣
ǿľХϯԲӽɷΧʯľգһͿ
޶֣ߵ˲ûеһʱϣ߲ӰǱߵҲûǰһʱ֮䵹ǳ޺ĵ
ӰҪҪ֣
ע˴򶷣ͬʱʱӰ
˶࣬һֱ֣Ļʲô
ƺǲ³ٵ˼Ӱҡҡͷûнʲô
ӰȻᶯ֡
м󿪴ϵĴռ൱Ŀռ䣬ʱ˫Ѿֱ˵ɫĻǰ
սʽȻһ磬Ǳ߽Ѿ׷ֿһѽ𽣽䣬Χɫ衣
ʯﲻ
˶û꣬ӵƴ൱
ֻôһ󣬶ȻѾûԣڿ׼ʱ˼϶ֱٻ꣡
â𣬵ԴĽɫ帡ֳ
ɫÿһ涼ͬĵӰɢĽںһ𣬿ȥǳ
ʲô
˹꣬Ҳһ㶡
Ҫ֪ǧٹǲ٣⵱ȫ׽͸һ㶼ʲô
ʱԶڿɫԼ渡ֳĹӰ֮ʱɵüͷǺȻ뵽ʲôɫһѪɫѪ㸡ֳͬʱͼΪξٷɳ
ڷ磡
һкһȥڷ粻ҵӰһλȥЭ
ڷжѸ٣ʱȴҲе㿴͸Ϊʲô߾ôȷǶԷĶ֡
ۿڷѪ绯ΪһѪɫ飬ͼޣ۵糸ķɳ
޳֮ͽ
Ӱ߼˶ʱŭԭΪԷҲԼ뷨һҪ˵û뵽ԷȴͻȻ֣Ҫһֲ
˲֣ȴȫȻ壬ӰһΣƽɫȻɳԭڿеѸٹһͼӿ
ݣ
ֻһƿյļХʩչɱ޾Ȼһ㳯Լ
㣡
Ҳ룬ֱӻһ߶
߿ŽཻĹڷ˲䵱ձѣ
ͬΪ֮һ


405 ս
ԭһһĵߵһͷ֮³״ơ
ñӰʮֵķŭԷǻʵСˣںһ˵
֣һ
Ӱ˵
ಣ
Ӱδ䣬лɱٶѾȲļһ˳ȥǶ͵ȱӰ仰ˣȻԷռƣǺǵм˸һ
Ӱ˫ƽǰڿһĨһ˹صĳѾ֡
һһɳĳڷǰˣһ°ε棡
ֵͬʱӰıȻϢĸֳһ߳εɫӰͷŽȫڸǵεεɫۣβӣȻǿͷ޴Ӱ˫ץ㣬ʮָ繳
ǱӰ꣬ε
ѣһֱٻ꣬ǿַٶȽնɱ
ǱӰһ磬ҲűӰԵɳԸ
˵Ķܿ죬ֻת˲֮䣬лɱûг׳սţ޵˲佫ڷûȫм
ʱޣƺҲ֪һĪΣգȻ۷һߡ
ֻǿϧһѪҲ۷Ȼβ
ţ
һĻ˲䱻ӰдŭͬʱгջһɫĻѪ޵֮䡣
ۣ
ɵģѪֱӴĻһ̣谭Ĵ޵ĺ󱳣λá
ۣ
ԭΪѾӹһٵ޶ʱһſ³Ѫ㿪ʼµ׹ȥ
ôѵĸ֣Ӧ֮쵱𾪣Ҳ巭׹ص˲䣬нȻһһ΢ɲĽɫ˿Ϣķɳǳڣһҩȥ
޿֪Լȥһöֵǵľ裬ǾǾɵȴҲ޷סϴһ⡣
ԼྐྵȻԷһ͵ϮֱӴ͸
ӰĻԼĲ㻤ȫ𲻵ã
⵽ʲôȻմγ̶ȣ
Ļɴ͸Ӱ¶һ˿˿⣬ʱڳȻѾˡ
Ӱˣ޷սСģ
յ޴ʱ򣬱Ӱɫʱø䣬ĹȻ֮ˣ
֮һĨӰХεɫױȵɱ
Ļ¶ڷӰӣȻܵ˲ĲҪ޺ࡣ
ЩͼĹȻɱӵܣձ
лɱһȣŭд糵һ󶯣ͬʱٻԼɱꡣ
Ǵ֮еĴڣʿΪ߸ͳһУڶʿ̬۳ҲǳУǰлɱˡ
ʮ׳Ӱֳۼ֮ºò䡣
лɱȣٵǵ͵˼㣬ȥֻһһ߳ںڶ̴ֻ̣ⲻһ߳ںڶ̴ΧļµĺɫħӰ˲κεС
Ǳ˶Ѿٻ꣬ս⣬ȻҲԴС
ոճصڷ໥һָۣԱߵһ˼ͬһʱָһһѪɳ
Ĺ
Ѫص֡
ͣӳ
о޴Ѫɫһûֱ뵽˵嵱У˲䣬˵ϢȻǿһֹ
󶯵ĵؿҡһ䣬һͷǧβӴչֳ
Լ˷Ӧ죬Ҳ˼֣ʽ֣Сģ
ӳĹ֮ˣÿ̤һ·ǧһ㣬ɱ֮ƺХ

һĻıһͷʮ׳ںͻֳӰ
ˣ
ڷѾ֪ʱƮѪɫĴ󽣣Ѫ죬ѪɫȻž˵ơ
˶Ůһ⣬ֱֳ޴ķӰǶ˵Ͱ׷
˫ȻѾǼϣ
ɱ
ԶӰε߸߾ǰһָһӴϽӿڡ
Ȼǲʾͬ߸߾Ļʽһȡ
֮˲Ѥ̻ţ貵Ĺ֮ճķء
һԾ˽ҡһΪƺƴһΣһսǺֽ֣һӰ쵽ҡʱȺĸ֡
ӡ£һƬ׽ƵĻ𺣣Ļ֮ҪȼһС
ΧڵؿϵĻ಻ϵķɰǧĴΪХ
ڷ޼᲻ݵӲӭͨǰ


406 ɱУ
Ұˣߣ
ڷʩչӰһ֮صҰѾ伣ãҲûյʵȻϳ֣ǲ֪
Ӱǰӽɣ˲ڷ˵ľ룬εɫһ˸һƬӰɳҪ㽫˺ķмֱп
ԶٿԼ̺͵ؿսһӰ·ɣ硣
ߣɫлɱָɱ곯߳
Ӱζ֮ɱſȻڶ߾һ磬ɵϢ糱ˮӿ߲˷лʽһҰɫͬʱѪѾȻ۳һƬâ
µ˼·ܼ򵥣ɲЩľԷѾһʧȥսֻҪ֮ƴһôǱȻ֪Ѷˡ
ʱлɱѾ֣Ѫ˲۳ĺâѸѹƬ֮ѾٶȻΪһ㡣
лɱȻԸ壬ҲǸ˼֮ˣǰޱĪĴˣȻЩ˼飬Ҳǰ˴ĺâ£ʱֹʼʩɵЦѡ
ͬǰõڶΣ
лɱЦһ޴ɱѸСۣգ֮㻯ΪһɵĶƺǰͬʱгһȻֱַɳ
ѳҲʵ֣֮ѸǴ󣬴ɽȻ׹˸֮׵˸ͬʱҲʱܲʱ
ⳤȻֱܹǣף
һµЩԾѳҲһ㡣
߲ҵͼһû˲ǰлɱλãѾ۳һĺâһ»գֱлɱ
лɱʱҲзģâҲңΧǰĶƵ󼸷ֽԼȫ˫ָӴɽĳѾߵͷ
׵
߲Ųæ˫һ̧һųɫѸڣԼɼһӡ
ʱûѡֱʩչӡ
û˸Сʱ˿̣ԶڷսһıӰ̲ס߿һۣ˿ҲֲϾʩչĸսѾȫӰҲʩչȫԿ
ǷɳǴķ˫Ķƴڵʯ֮䡣
ò˵лɱĳȻͬһ㣬ǻӡֻǿסһûܽɱɣ˶ŻΡ
ʱһ߶귢һʩչΪܹٽսνѾ˼ޡ
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꣡
âƺܵһ谭ֻһ˲䣬㳹ͻƷߣ
ۣ
лɱϴŵɫܿƵ忪ʼ׹
ɱٶȻΪ޴Ӱ󵱿ɢ
Ӱߣ
׹֮ʱлɱȫѵĺ֣Ҳû˶
ԶӰ溮ߵսҲע⵽ˣлɱ˵ȫûл֮ľͱֱɱֻü˵֣
Ѿ󽫣ӰʱȻ޵ŭ⣬ȴҲ֪ǰѾ²Ϊֶ֮κ׿νδţӿֲƺ꣬ǿķһâ֮ǰм֮
ҧҧӰԶѸٴһѶţͬʱεţε񲻼߼ʵĳһҡ֮ޱ޼󺣲һɫ˲˷ӿ
ӰѸٺˣлɱ˲ս´ӴԺҡҲûǾʸ
һε֮ɫҰ׵ޣѸٶߡ
ӰһߣΧɫĻơ
ߣ
ֱӴͼռ䣬һϤ߽ȥͼƿշ
˴һսǽĸ󻼣Ҳǳ׵ĵˣһһˣ˵󣬵Ƕηҡ֮пһ겻ˡ
Լ߶ûгʲô󰭣ҡһУܹѾǲСĻԵˡ
һսԴڳ߾ҵԴ䣬ڵѰټ죬ʱѾˡ


407 ̳
ҡɵĿʱƵģһڽʱѾˣһµƣʱѾȥʮ죬ʣˡ
ڵѾЩרԵ˺üˣǰİƽڵ߾ЩЦ˿νǲ٣һ̤ҡڶèèԼ˾ֱɱ˶ᱦԼǿ˾ֱӿ涼
ȻƲۣҲòϣЩڷҡϵõĺô¾Բ١
һ·Ȼǵ̺ʽѰͬʱ¼ǺѰԴ
ԴԴ۽֮ʵ۵ҡܹѹ˿ѾˣһʱҲҲ̫ġ
չȥʱյԴµӡǣָλúȻڵġ
ڵνʵǶѾüκʱԴµļţ߾ֱӴ߶ͼڵĺǰ
뿪ʱѾ࣬ﵽʲô뿪ʱԲܹൢ
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Ҳ֪ѡӵİ취һǶԵģѾѡ
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Դӵõ˱־ЩõϢֱ̫ˣൽѾľʱ˿̣ôŵϢԺҲˡ
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ֻԼһССʿȣֱ϶磬ͶУܹ
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߳˼ӣͷӲ߳Ǹ߸ϵ̳ȥ
ղŵҲ׷׿һˣвҲвٵˣ
ŵ˫۷ǵĻУɳǵСС˫ȵȡ
֣߳кйڵ˷׷¶⣬ʼ߱ƽ

֪˭һʱɧ
˵Ķ־ЩİҲ׷ͣ½ŲʼתΧߵˡ
Ȼʱߴ̳֮϶Ȼ貵Ĺ̼㽫߼˷ֱһͬɫĹȦѸ𣬷۵糸ĸŵ֮ϣ


408 
һĻ˶Ѿ޿κˡ
Ҫ֪ܹ֮Ǹ߸ϵ֮Ͼһ֮ãΪͶµҪȻƾҲ󲻵֮ϻ
սľУ
һ˿ڣʱΧļʮ˶׷Χ̳ΧȺֻм˲߷йһ֮Եһ̾Ϣ֮뿪
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Ȧ֮еߣ̱ǰһƬҷ׷Ӱ𾪡
Ȧ֮ƺ̺·ӵļ䣬ΪʱչǰӰȻĳսƬΣ
δ壬δȻޣǱս
һĻĻӰ񲻶ߵǰѪȲϵȾһƬƬɽӣһŽ磡
ս֮һо
Ӱ֮УңԶһ̻Ի͵Ĺ˸ҫ۵ĹһӶֳ˫ĻԴ
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ɫĵοոһɫ棬ϷһʺѪ̫
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תžǻսϵƴɱһȺȺɫսʿʩչŸԵ츳ͨӵսʿսһѪڷɽƮĽɫ컹ǴȨ죬Ѫ֮бޱɲ
Ȼ֮䣬ӰһΧѸٻΪޱ޼ʵĺڰֲָ
·һ糹׶޾ĺڰҹ֮С
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ʱߵĴԻʮֵļǵڷҡĵǸ޴Ħ֣Ӧñ̳ľ޴档
ԭһֱΪǰһжõģʵģǴʱ˿ޱȵʹʼЩҡˡ
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֣Լûһ޴Ĺһ޾໥Ӧ
ܹо޴󹬵棬ǧǧԼˣǶĲκУǳڻıѩ
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߲Ĵĵһɿȣһһеζ̫ϲˣ
ǰصʹȻԼƺʼУǳУ߳һǰδе̬Լū͡
ɽХһ㣬ź춯ص
Լǰĵ׵Ƿݿȳȼ
ɱиΥҵˣ
ȫɱ⣡
·ѹõڵõйһɹɷź쳹ڽɫϿա
Ȼʱ˷Ȼӿͬ޴ĹŹĵսʿɱ
춯أֻһգ۹ߺȻԼеȫˣɫҲ飬һ飡

һޱʵŭ𣬴ĺ䷢һͷ׷ŭҰޡ
ߵŭ޷ƵʱȻһ΢΢̾Ϣ·ᣬȴඥ˲ѹ
Ѿƫ֮յı˻߶ͷ亹ֱ
һƺûнϵȨ飬һγһƬһ޼ʵı統Уû·ûзû̫ûϣ
ֻʱѾֹˮЩľѾ޷ֺ
Ļ𺣣޼ɳĮĳͷ˹һȴվ޹

֪ʱҲ֪ȥ˶ãߺȻԼԺƺʲôˣһĴ죬˵Уֻȥȷϵ׷ʲôΧȻһѤĹ⻷֣˱㿪ʼȽȽ
߲ŹƵߣ·һ飬ҫ


409 
޴̳ϣΪҫŹı仯ڲټž
صķ˷յ¿Хϯҡɵǰδеâ
һɽһԶɵͽߵţӷ߿˭Ҳ޷ֱ⵽Ǻ˭Ҳ޷ԦĪĹǫ
Ȼ۾Χһ·ȫȻ֪ΧԼڷŲ˼ı仯
⵱Ϊ۵֣ССһıԼʯ˸ѰĹԣйɵһһš
ĵı֮΢΢¶һ˼ӡ
һֵĳ棬ΧߵҲ׷׿ЩԴǸˣ
ʱţԽԽԣڿ۳ɫļâ
һɫâʼΧڵĹȦ
ٿģһâֱȦֱûУҲҲ֪Ǵ뵽ߵڣǺΧĹȦΪһ塣
µļâǻֻǹ˲󹦷ǰʧĺâȴٶȳ֣һâ룬͸ղŵһޡ
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ԽԽͲסջٴλص֮ĸ
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жǿǾҪ츳Եжߣ


410 ɱ¾һ
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411 ɱ¾
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ʱߣڷһӪؿԴͬһӪߴҪЩһѵʥߵȻҪľڷ˼
ȻڷӦˣǾûκε顣
΢΢һЦչѾõĻʽѾ֡


412 ɱ¾֮
նɱ˫ڼŭ˵ͬʱҲǳ׼ߵĶ־
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ı仯Ҳ֪Ǹǻˡ
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ڣɱһѪɫʹΪһƺⷵص֮ˣΧҵ¼ʮʬ壬½ӵģѾʧӰ١
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˻һڣ޲ȷǳ׷Ҫڷҡɵн
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ɱ¾֮ģðɣȻˣչҡɵ㲻ڡ
Ժ䣬¶һĨЦ⡣


413 һ
ǧѡʱֻԼѾǼϲò
ɵնɱ֮ĸӵܣһ˷ҡɵ̳ΪڶǿĹЩӸֱȻҪɱ֮죬ûбѡ
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414 
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߾ڵͿУȵԪʼ
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415 
뿪˷ҡɵ֮飬ȴȻӱõһµ֡
ӰʿûҡϻӰʿڡ
Ӱʿϸ˵Ҳɣ±Լͬȫ󣬾ʹƲøƻˣӰʿ
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Ȼȥʱ𱪵飬кЩѪ߻İӡɲܹס𱪶ãҲͶݵļʱ䡣
Ԫתӿţɫʯ۵糸𱪡
ֻǣ𱪺ܿͷԼܹˣ̴߶Ԫ
ʱ򣬺ɫʯѾɵӴѹ˲ǵأû𱪴󾪲ѣȻ֪ɫʯĴ󣬵һԱһεҪĶ࣬ٶҲ࣡
𱪾ȻԼĻЩˣ
䣡
ȻԤϵǼĵ󣬻𱪱㲻ʯĹ
޴ĺɫʯʯһڻϡ
һĻ˲飬ɫʯǰ𱪵Ļ·ֽһҲһ
ʱȻûʱȥΪʲôֳԼϣһıͻƣɫʯȴǹƲâʢ
𱪾Ѿ˲׵ľ룬ȻѲ˺ɫʯ
һ㻤ƣ𱪾͸о·һ޴ԼݺݵĴһ¡
ɫʯһǰδеֱҵ˻ϣ޴ĳκεķӦһ޷ĳŵ׹ȥ
𱪴ʱмֱѾ޷ݣԭΪһѹʽսȴܹ뵽ĸоںһսںһԼҪǿĶս
ɫʯĺȻһȻм֮ƴʩչͨȴ޷ɫʯֺһСʯͷ
ȻһҲҪอ֮»ܲѣ·˱һͷ˲Ƶġ
ʱ߻̧֣ĵı֮Ȼſһ΢ɲķâһûһ̱û뵽˺ɫʯ档
ۣ
ʯѹĻ𱪺Ȼһ͵һѪصҵϣ
һĻҲɵĴһֻʣһö۾ıһʯȻ
ûһʶкȻ˺ܲõѶϢЩûɱ׻ڱɱ


421 ֣
˵ز˾
ߴʱȻЩ˴սһ֪һսϵ˵вͻȫɥڴˡ
ͼռȻһգٶնߡ
֮ԺиӦһͷ׻ɱ񱻳״ɢ
ֻǼ󷽺üǿϢѾȺ
ÿٶȣ
ͼ֮е߶ʱһϢжϣЩ˼ûбȻģһΧҲûĻˣ뵽ˣæȫ߶ͼͨԭʼǿսСǬ޶ȵѹһҪСĳ̶ȣǰѸٳ̡
ڵУߴ߶ͼȫٶߵͬʱ߰˵â
âӽԼ㿴Ӱ
ǰĺȻһλ뷢԰׵ߣ΢գƣһӭĵĹԲԶԶȥһӷ׵ڹꡣ
ٶ죬ס
һĿԶһ£âȻǬ缶ıǺǣϷԼҪЦˡ
˵գֻһ˫ָȻųââֳ״ǰѸչٶߺâߵٶȻҪϼ֣
ɲǼ䣬ΪģǰѸٱâǡ
ڲϻâͬʱԭ˫ȻɣѸٴӵâ֮ϣһӴ״ââǵ˲ת䣬âֵСĳҲ˿޷Ρ
â֮Уһٷеĳ̾뵽˺ߵС
ͨͨ죬ҲϷˡ
һһЦ˫ֺȻһâҵŭһȻͻȻ֮䳯һƶĳ£
ʱ½˷׷ںΧסΣסٶȡ
ۿźʩչһʱҲ֪
һλԼĪʮӣһۣ³룬Ƿ˫罣һǰһϣ֪СӿӴܵ
һʣԱ̳һҰ׵ߣ˵ⲻ֪ôѾСӵĹƣһССǬѡ
˵ȻӣƺȴǲΪ⣬ֻǵĵĻϻ棬ͿǬ磬ֻǲ֪ĻϿа취ƿ
ڵһػĻϵ۷ǲǿĻƣĻһ֣Щ˵У֮⣬Ҳʵǿˡ
϶ǴԶʱ򶼻һϣ֮䣬ûԵĸߵ֣֮Ļƴ۷ǣڣ֮˭ҲԸʾ
ʵĴͷ˴ʱȻʮĬ׷ÿһ˵жڴԼСģȫЭսģвͨġ
ϼ޻˶Իֻǵһ£ȴ˿ûͣٵļ
֮䣬Ũâɳ۶ת˲㻯Ϊֻ޴ɫ֣һ΢Сץȥ
ڿеĴѸٵԽԽСԽԽС
ɫٶ죬ͼռԴӱâ֮ٶ̾ͱ˺üݣ¸Ȳ״̬ɫ֡
ƺȲʤ㣬һжɣɫץȥʱѾâ
һУͼռ߶ޱȣʱʱĪΣ˲ϮԺͼռ䲢Ǽ᲻ɴݣһʱȻۼǿߣƺ֡
߽Ŀɨˣȴû˿ڡ

ͼռ䱻˲ҡ˵ǵǣռıҵײ֮¾Ȼϸ΢ƣ
һ֮±ͼܵش
֪һǿ֣ͼȻᱻ׺飡
ȥδӣ
ߴʱҲò˼⡣
֣һοĿܣ
Ҫսĸǣ
ڷҲʶƵԣٲ˶Ҫ
磬ܽȥ
˫Ѫ죬սĵףһȥ¾ҲûջĿˡ
ȥǶҪҲͰˣôˣ
ڷҧѵһ䣬Ȼվߣ򿪰ɡ
ʱȻ㲻ʣȴҲ޿κΣ˵ǿѾԼܹսʤģʵϵǵ޷ֲ
Ĭ˼ӣߵ˵ͷ׼ͼڷȥ
һ̣ȴͣ
Ѿɱôˣ㽻սģҲûл·Ŀˡ
䣡
仰Ĺһҵĳͼռ棬ʱΧѺ۸ˡ
꣡
ȻѺ۵ߺȻеͼĺԭʼǿڲȻһѸٵӵͼռı֮ϣ
ͬʱһȫκ˵ֱκҪǿϢ˲ռ䣡


422 ֲȭͷ
ӵʱ䣬Ѿסͼ
ʱ߰λǿ߶ѾɢһΧס䣬ȻɵĴһâ
λҲ᲻ǻҡĹأǬ磬ʱλͨ˭˭ģһŲ׷
Źļ϶˵
⻰һмظֻҲЩɫ̲סı˼¡
ЩȻڸԵжһһǿߣǺòۼĶĸ֣ҵлϹڣҪжսģʮֵļѡ
û˻ӦֻǺٺЦЦ˵λҲҪòƽϷסһᶼûУ˵ǿԿ֮һ𱪵³
ʱȻ˵ĲᣬȻ˹̲ģʱɫʮֲãҲ޻˵ԼһСǱ˶ѼȥˣʱٳԽƱ磬ɾԼ
⻰ٿǰ̣Ҳˡ
оΧձ仯һЦ˫֮۳һΪâ˳ȥ
ţһܹ׽Ǭķ飬ʱǬȥָǣȻʱ˵㣬ǶһӵǬ編ֵõġ
âַɳ
ͬʱǰԭֻһСǬͻȻ֮䷢һ˶ĵʼ
ţ
üͷһ壬û뵽¶ԷȻҷ
ѣ
Ǭֻһζͣȴûзļʱм
âͼѾ͵һ䷿ݴСһɵİɫ
â˲˵İɫ棬̶âһֱɫ֮ʧ
һ㶣ʲôȻôĪʧˣ
û䷴ӦϷХǰƵİɫ˲ޱʼڿбó˷ɢ
һ˲䣬оһҰĿ־壡
ôܣ
Լʥ۷ǿߣô˵Ŀ־ͷ
룬ޱ˲ǰ
ã
ʱȻԺĲܣһжѾȥǣΪΣѾ
ʥ۷ʵ䣬ѾδӦ̵ΣˣɲǼȫ貶ĿķâһȵʥԪ˲翪բһҫâٵΧ£ƣһ
ͬʱǻԹ˸һΪ꼸ͬһʱ㱻ٻ
δ곹չֳ̬㵱ХŻΪЩϵϣӼ̵ϡ
ȻˣһͷĿ־֮ȴû˿ȴͷӴѹȺͼ˽ӽԤܵĵˡ
ʱΧҲ׷׸о˴һſʮֲ۵İɫɢľɱ
һȫ֮Ƕδܹ
ЩƽﶼǸ߸ػһǿߣнӴ־Ȼʱ˿иоѹѾȫԽ
׿оκ˵ͷǶ׷óΪǿķͨѸٵĺˣߡ
һеıʺͷӦڵʯ֮ɣ
ŵӰͻȻ֮ˣķ棬˷ɢ
˶ٺˣٶȿ硣
ĵǧȥļأܶõӰӣȴеĴƿյĺХ·ħķն
ڽӴӴܵһڸֵ˲䣬ǧĵٴαãĵһҡȻΪֻ֣ż˶ߵĹ켣ȥ
ֵٶȿս˶ûзӦʱǵͷϿվѾںһƬ
ڴֳֵ˲䣬Ҳ֮һ°
ͼռߵ˴ʱѾ֣汻ͻȻ֮羪֮һѸ֮ززһڸǿߣ׷¶ãɫ
Ȼ⵱ΪȵĪˡ
ͼռνˣȴδͷųǿѵ˵ͼռ˵Ԥʲô
ߴʱξκˣȴѾǼ䲻ݷ
һĴֵѹ£Щʵʥһǿ߾Ȼ𾪵ķԼ޷㿪
ץ£Ȼĺ£ָȭ
󣬾Ϳ˷Ĵȭͷһλþ£Ȼײһ
ȭͷײɲǣ߻㱾ؾҪһͼռھҵĲ֮гʧȥ˿ƣһȻȫʶļٷɶݣ޷켣ԡ
ͼռ仯ΪǷɴܵһ˲䣬۽ƲղЩȭͷײλãȻѾҲûκζһƬ½ǡ
ȡ֮ģһԲһںڿն


423 ա
ɵͼռ䣬·һ㻮ƳգĿĵԶȥ
ͼ֮еͯǺ֢״ͻȻһУȻʼٽ룬һŵ˷ˮ棬һʧӰ٣
һ̣ߵʶѱͼռ䣬ΪŹȴҲҲһ˿ͯӵĺۼ
ѵôʧˣ
˫ͫȻһƺ뵽ʲôʱһ亹
ͼռΪʲôܹ˿ֱֲܹɱһȺʥĸ֣
ЩȭͷץסȻײһĸǿߣѾ֮ɢҲҲκεټˣֲֿѾ׳е֪
޷󾿾ʲôĴھȻܹ׾ٵķǿʱ˿ĵͼռ䱬οֲԼһҪĴʲô
ͼռȻǲɷϵл̺̫δ֪һ޷ȥо͸
̧˫ֿ˿֮Լ񱮻ڡ
Ҳоǹǿ˰ɣ֪֪
ʻ֮ĳĬ
˺þãߵԺл
Ծ֮ϡ
֮ϣ
һĸ֣ʱô˼֣ĸǱ˵ģ˵Ǿ֮Щ
ӣż
ӱõһϣ߻¶ڲĲš
ɫޱȣݽҧһһ̣ͼ뷨
ͼ޷Ķȫ˵ûͼռĴڣһ;޷ߵڣ
Ǵʱ˿̣ȴⶫ
ʱͼռȻޱ߼ʵķţռһܴ¯Χ¶Ѿﵽ˳ȣΨ߶ԪԪֵܹסĵա
ˣֻռѵĹͷͨĳһƵĶûע⡣
ûκڸԼ˼ԱҲܹĸо˿ͷ
ռ˵һǸ޷ƻ߶ġ
ǾΪһߣ
ߵ֮Ѿż˿ŭȻΪֹ֪ν߾Щʲôָоȴ޷̵ġ
ʶУ΢΢̾˿ʵţϣ
ţϣ
ֲ߲ǵˣһͻѪԵ֡
ʱ֪ԼѾ˱ıأǿԼԲٿ飬ʲôֻҪǵڲϣʱȥǡ
ȻҪֻῼǽ죡
ƽϢ֮侲
ûõĳ·ΪһҪ
ʱʮֵСӰ쵽֣Щȫעӵġ
̼ʮ꣬Ȼͬһ㣬ΣѾǺ߰һͬ
侲֮ߣ㽫翵Ĵ׵ԺѸٹ۲ǰ
ͼռѾûͷûԵķһʱ֪ҪɶãͼռڲȴܹĿռı仯
Ѿֳ缣ͼռǳױԭΣԭζ硣
ԭĪĿռС˲ףı޹⣬ԭʼǿŵͼľԼͷ˵ͼռѾѹҲ޷ָǰ״̬ˡ
⵱Ψһ߻ܹϣľǰͼĵԭʼǿղûɢԻָ
ոոܵͼռı仯ռͿʼҵĲÿ˶Ѿȫ޷ȶԼΣŷƮҡĿռҡڡ
֪ͼ֮Ҳ޷ô˷еԵʣûгɵֱӴ򿪿ռ䣬˶׷շ˳ȥ
ʵ㣬ҺԴУҲûӰ졣
ͼһƮ֮кܿ콵䵽ϡ
µλòãһƬĻɽɽϱ鲼ι״ֲһ˾·ڴ¯֮С
ſԳȵϢ֪߱Ѿ硣
νǻ֮׺ͳƣΪ֮֮Ͼǳ׺ֻĿǰ޷ȷδϾ̫ˡ
ʱʱ֣һ˴İĻУߵĶʮСġ
İĸоûгܾãܿģڷȷλá
ǲûо̫ԶﻹǴڻ֮Ķ߽磬ڰ˻һǵĵΧ˻һڻ֮񹬡
˻һǳ֮һǻ𱪡


5 


424 
ڹϲ򣬻һȻ
Գ׺ϿΪֽߣϿԱڻƿ֮УϿȺԷҲݵľƣ׺ۼΪڶ庣壬໥֮ɸ겻ݣȻҲнͼıϿԱĹأĽǸ޷ȥȻܹƳ׺ϿսҪ壬ȴıһĿȥҲ죬޷Զȥ
ö֮񹬵Ҳ뺣Ͽϵڶʵһ΢ƽ״̬
ȻưԣܵĽͳϽһǲɵġ
֮ȣ·ԶգǾʿһȻı뺷Ƣԣƺǵ̱ꡣ
񹬸ڶ࣬ͽȴǿߣǻ񹬵һǿߡ
֮һ˻һǳ𱪣Ŀǳƽȴ޷ŵȺǿߵĹ¼֮˷·𳹵ױˡ
һս֮ĵգ𱪾ԼķУ˫۽գ·ܡ
ǰѾϻذ˻һǣ֮һٺ˺ô󹦷ƽʼ޷ţǸֻĲ꣬Ȼôǿߵ;
ǵģʲô߰λǿһͬգ֮ɱΪģ
Ҳ棬ֳ˵ǰδš
ܹ֮ѻȫǰԼ˵һս˵Ķ֪ͣսıƳҲ޴ӵֶûͼҲЩһǰѾҷˡ
ֳ׵߸֪Ķ·һѻ֮ȥԶͷ
ϵ磬˿·һûĿտǡ
ʱһ
ˣŸǳ
˵꣬ҲȻκεķӦֽŲȻѾȥ
ŸǳϽڣͬΪ֮һ
ϽһλŮӣȥԼĪʮ꣬ǴĻǴʺϿһλޱٸ۰ܹ޵롣
ϽҲǷͬĵֱ𱪷ǰƿ˽ȥ
棬ϽŻת˼ȦȻŻȻյ˫ۣµĵû뵽û𱪾ȻᱻƵҪǴ˼»ᵱһʮȤЦ
Ͻһλ˵꣬𱪻Ȼ۾һ˫Ϣܻ䵽Ͻϡ
ûգ֮ɱλʥ±κһЦҪЦ
ƽ˭ó֮еָӵ޷
Ͻ̣¶һĨǵЦ
˵ʵڵģ˼ҲǸ˺ܸȤ⼸ѾؽˣֻҪ̤֮Ҳ߲ȥˡ
һҲȤ齻죿
Ͻڲûн˵ġ
һηҡһУ㾫˴룬鹬˼ʮڴܹһĽ͡
ɫһ䣬˵Ȼȥ͹ҵǺһ䣬ǸСӶϵʱ㲻Ҫһܡ
ϽҲЦŵģʱһһʱõ͡
˵꣬ϽڱСƵҡ뿪ˡ

˼նĵشɱ˲֮һڿԶĳǳء
֮ޣΣͨĵطʺסԵǻ֮ľȫסھ޴ĳǳ֮С
ǰǽа׳ǣռ൱ٽϲ߽ļǳ֮һǹ֮һĻ𱪹Ͻ
ڰ׳ǿر߽磬ĲѾʮֵԣһ߽֮󣬱㷢ֳ൱ıˣЩ˻򶨾ڴˣѾûԵ֡
Ҳ޴͸¶һ⺷ķҶּ顣
Ȼûķ飬ͽһҾƵֻ꣬ǴϢһȻҪӱ޵ĸϻʥء
ɫ׳ֵʱոտʼ
ֵܣѹֵܾҪ뿪ˡ
ڷƱңңһƣȻͷһ
һܹõսģ˵ųɾŶߵĹͣΪ˻ߵһǬ缶ķѾʼ˼ܹóʲôĶˡ
ҲҪҵţʱѾãܶҲҪһȥ
ߵֲֻսĵ飬ֻǵĺžơ
ڷ˶٣ֵһҪһˣҲҶֳŵ
ߵ˵ͷһġ
˾ĳŷˣžƣٺİÿһ˵ޱҪġ
ȻʱƵȴ޶˵ͻȻžͨײȻǳͻˡ
һ£˵ĳͻ߲ʣֻͻһȻоһϤϢվžƵȥ


425 Σ
¥λڷбأͻڷеʮ·ڡ
߳ʱÿ໥ţмѾʩչͨնԺ䣬ϳŽŵζ֪Ȥ˶ʼ׷Զ룬ֻ߲ԶĿ֡
߶ȥ˵ĴϾͿԵĿڲͬҲϵá
һȻǰ׳ǳһһȺݻͽ
һΪ֮ƺʵһȺʮ쾳ʿǰ׳ǵĻӡ
ݻͽǴӵһˣȺȻȥʵƫʵĻӣȴ¶˿ļơ
߶ǸȻȥֻʮӵİݻͽ΢΢۾
ֽǰӶǵıۡ
ߵļ䲻һ۾Ϳ˳
Ȼоעӵʱתͷһ۾Ϳߡ
ǱͷǻͷԶ̼䡣
ϺȻһ㶣̴ߡ
ЩŹ֣ܰﲻ֪Щʲô
Ź֣
һ£ɫƽĵȴǰ飬Ȼҡ
ȥ߾תؾƵꡣ
󹦷򣬹ȻͣЪ¶ǣһͷڸס˻߽˾¥߼˵Ա
ƿ˿ļˣ̧ͷߡ
Ƕѡ
ߵһƹȥӺһƣڵҪҴˣһͳħŵ˫Ҳˣʵɲ⣬ǵ۾
ߵͷڹ˫һͳħһǲ⣬ֻ˫ǵ۾ǿߣ⵹ǳߵϡڰɽȻҲ˫ӣʱȻоʵǿ󣬵ȴҲûе˵ĵزо
ѾͲħħ֣׼һսŻйϸƺҲѾˡ˵
߶ҲİȻ߶࣬Ϣȴ൱⣬Ẓ̇Ϲĩ·ʱڶǽưصĴڣΪȴҪ֣ѵ˵ʲôֵ֣
ŵƿ˫ӣѾӹˣ̵ͳ˭һֱ߶ûһϣû
ŷâ¶躹ޣֵΪʲôһȴǿԿ϶ˣǾҪøӼѡ
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۵£Щ翵֮⣬ΨһܹɽĿֻ֮ƿˡ
Щ˵ȷʲôϢ
½أ
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˵½һӵĻµϹôͲ˳ۡ
ҲãڰݻıõλҪʱ԰Ѱݻ̸
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͸ݻ棬Ҳ͵͸ŵħŴ˵УԺ߿ܵж𵽹ؼԵá
Ҳã˵ݻ̵Ļʹǻ֮һĽŸϽڡ
ߵݻ̵ı󵽵Ǻˡ
޷ֻҪǸʲôϽڵˡ
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룬ջҡҡͷ
̵飬²ֵġ
µһҪǸϻǬɽŷͶҵвʼĲ¡
ڰݻУ֪̽ʲô飬ͻȥ
һ˸ԻȥϢȵѾǶƣ
ڶһ磬ǣڷ˸ȥǺֱͬոϻʥء
һ·мϢʮ֮Ÿϵݾڡ
̤ݣʥؾͲԶˡ
ֻԽǰϣûɵܾһŨĲֲĸоԽԽŨ
˰գ߸оշеٶȻ̫ˣֱʩչš
ȻʮֺķԪ߽֮Ԫĳ̶ʵߣԹһ£ŵٶȣ֮ǰܹصǬɽԪҲ˶ľ
Ǭɽʱ߶Ȼͣ£ɫǰ
ҹĻʼ˫ȴһ㡣
ſܷ˱ʣһСġ
˵ֱ꣬Ӵ߶ԪлһɫâһʵĻƽ֮ŴĽһֱ쵽ǰ޾֮
һ̤ҹĻ֪֮ǬɽϾʲô


426 ŭսһ
ҹĻµʥأһյ
ԭػǬɽŻþѾƣſȥѾ𲻿ѪȵζҹĻ֮µӭ̨վˡ
һīҸīһǵ࿺
һҺīִǬɽռҽʥصնɱ룬֮µȫã¾㱸ֻǷˣ͵߻
ңԶ࿺˳ߵī˵һ֣ȻҪ
߸ϵһĻ࿺Ǽ£ܵĳԶǣֽʥһɵȫΪ룬ͲСͨı컹ܹӹ˽١
īȴû˵ɫޱ飬Ҳ֪ʲô
һ࿺ʣīһλĻﱸ֪ѩ۳鲻ҲǰЩ͵ϮеٺʿߣҪȻǻץᡣ
īÿɷﻮѾã߸㿴ѩ۶СƺرչˣȻߵΪŭգȴûʧȥǣ֪һֱѩ۱ȻԤʱԼͻ
ҪҵʱȻҪȰױæ鲻ǡò⵽˵ϮҲ֮ϲˣҪȻһʿ͹ǶԸˡ
Ҳǳһˣ¾͵Сӻ
ī̧ͷ㿴һɫâѸٵ̿ɲǼ䵽ټӭ̨ϣͿҫ֮мӰ

֮еһӰʱīͫȻһ
Ȼ
ͬʱԱߵ࿺ҲˣͬΪ磬Ŀ൱֮ˣһͿˡ
Сӻˣ
࿺Ծȭͷ
Űɣվ㳹
һԵīһָ̧㣬һԪѶѸٵķɳҫǬɽ

̤ϵ棬ʱɫƣ˫۱絶һĿǰˡ
ī࿺ܺã
ʾͬǶС£Լǰһ̤˲ҫ۶Ŀ޺â
ŭˣ
ԼһִţȻЩƻ
Ǳ
˵һ䣬Ѫɱ¾֮˲ֻʽѾһɳĳһâ
ߣղݣ
࿺һһ˦ַɳ˲ͻûΪٻޣһͷ׳ģֲĹǣһֻĥ̴Сɫڹꡣ
ԶīźŷѾдīʿҸַ
սڵߣīɵƤ֮ǰ˾ȻЩֲˡ
īжǼޱܣͨ쳹صı죬ҲҪԹԾͷ뵽ˣīһЦ˵Ȱ㻹ǲҪ֣˶ץһ㶯֣ǿɾˡ
Ҿɱ㣡
һӰԭһζʱʧ
īֻһ㶣͸о󾢷ϮʱҲģֱӰһԱȥ
īҾ֮ͨȴͨսīĻôƲһ㣬ֻֻ˵һƮͳ׵Ĵԭʧˣķ֮иǿӰӡ
ҪǿˣϷĹӰл
īͬʱ߾͸оΧӰأʱӰҴܣһϢϵתŲѸݷǳ
߸һطͣӣȫ߶ѪӰһúüελá
ӰƮǿĵ档
īʱһѹ˺þõԹ·𳹵ͷһ㣬ڹӰشܶӰӣɵЦ
㲻Ǻǿ𣿽վ֪ҵ³
īŭϵڿлصȴûܹӰӡ
һԵ࿺ǲϵĲٻ޹ؿԴˡ
ڹӰշתŲ˼֪֮൱ҪڲƿЩѶȣЩ޵ĹӰ޷մȥʵǿҲ
⼸ӵʱȴѰһλá
ֻĵıѸٵ˷ӹȻԼʯƮȻ
ԼʯɳѸͣһױȵٶȳͷϷȥ
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һ춯صľ죬ȥƲײε֮Ȼա
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յīӰȻƣȴҲţִһԣ֮мһöССĺɫ졣
ɳ˲䲻ټǸ񱮳ƵȱѸٱ£
һĻһԼϢĸı켣һλȥ


427 ŭս
ڿеīոմ޲˹Ӱȱڣ˫ջص˲䣬ȻΧЩæ̧ͷۿ
һʱһ
һ޴ĺɫʯѾϢĳͷ
ѵܹԼ
īԺ˲һͷǽ̷ϡ
ԼϢī洫ܱ͸
ѵ˵ʯһɶõı
īԺ˼תͷ˳
֪һεǰҡɵˣôܹײƹӰϵʮа˾žһǿķڴ֮ûüջأ
īǸƣǵ޴ǰʱҲ޷侲ˡ
īˣϾͬˡ
żӹĺɫʯīһ˫Ԫͼ
Ȼ
Ԫɫʯ˲䣬һǿ谭㴫ݹ

īϲӴ߶ԪѸٵĲɫʯԼλ
ʯϵȻǿ󣬵īƺ޷ѣֻǶݵļ֮ͽˡ
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ۿɼģɫʯѸٵС󹦷Сֻȭͷô
īָһһµĺӴɳڿл򿪣˫ԪҪɫʯƵСʱ档
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࿺ڿǰһӰһױȵٶϮʱŻȻ֣סﲻ֪ʲôʱѾˣ
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࿺ʱ󺧣˲࣬һХ˦ӳͬʱѸٵĳź󷽼ˡ
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˳ɳ̫ˣ˸޷ܣѾȫƿأȴǳ˵⣡
īˣԷܹ˿նɱīܹɱ

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ڴǹһѵˣɱ㣬ǾȰצȫɱŮˣ
࿺ٶޣգ֮ӵ˴ǰ
ҪǰȻֻСû࿺ʲôޣͿһֻѾԼ˹һֻǻצӶֱ
㳢ʾŴ˵
߳ҡɵӻʾʼûüܵͷ׶ʣǱ׷ɱȻǱɱΧɱǸִܸɱһƢȽϴĻʾŴʮֵĲˬһεⵯǷȫʵ

͵ײһ𣬾࿺ŵĿУԼôֱײˡ
㱿ǰվһŮӰӣŮΧҫһȦɫĹԡ
ˤڵϵ࿺Ȼûܵ˺һȴ赲ٶȣߺܿ׷
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࿺˫ԹĶߣȻʱսٻޣⲢǲս
֪һս޷⣬࿺йâһһη
߲ٳɣлʽŨĻֱ࿺һѪɫӰӴޱȡ
ѪѪӰֻҪѪڣͿԳ
߲ͨսȻʱѾ࿺Ӷеĳߴһҫ۵ԪԹ⣬ȴ˿
꣡
һӳĽâźХβ
ʽĽϣһѪɫĹâ
࿺ɫ΢ѸٳԱȥӭĽ
ûеô࿺ʱ۾һǿ֮ĩվڣ
࿺ѾȫȻǣԼʵҪȶԷߵĶࡣ


428 ŭս
ҹǬɽϣս
ԴؿͽͬСͷٻսһʱʱĿɢͨŹ⡣޸ǷһĺӴĴߡ
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սãɽµоʹĺХǺһһӰѸٳǬɽ;˶ǲ˼ҧȥֱӽҧ顣
գ۹ӰѾǬɽ
ף׵ĽݻֻȽݻСһľͺǡ
Сӣɱ
һƵĴʱ۳һȦȦɷ֮˲䱬ĶǵɱʱΧļʮʿһս
ղ׵ʵ־٣ԱߵĿǴȻʵף޵ȴ˿ȴ
գ֮䣬ɱһȺ֮кֱײ
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࿺Ųãִһŵ⣬ԶȫȻܣȫƾѪ֮Ӳ࿺Ĺ
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ǰȻھ޴ĳºվȽŸƫƫȴûб䵹ףֻǽһ۳˺飬¶ɫͨӡ
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ӵĽٶȻʽϿʼһҰɫĻ档
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˼ǵˣ࿺ѸһΣûٶȴͨ赲ӭĽ
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࿺һȣߴ󷽹âһŸŨѸٽԼһ㻤߶
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ǲԶóѣһͿʼѸٵ𣬽¹ĲܲϣһѪߴȻ۵߾ٵĻʽϡ
ʱ˿ȥҡҡ׹ӣɫǲҰֽѪɫȴԾ˵ٶѸڡ
߾ٵĳ۳ŨѪɫһɫѪڳĽۣ֮һС
ѪնֺķѾѪעһʽ֣
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һĻ࿺ʱͫһλζ֮ҲκεĳɣѸӶݣ󷽾Ǭɽɽ£ֻҪӳɽ£Ϳӵ
ӣ
һȣ֮ЦеѪɫֳһʮ׳Ѫɫ޽ϵ绡ơ
һݣ˲䱬ڿնһץסѪɫ޽βһǰĳѾ࿺նȥ


429 ŭսġ
һž춯صǣ̺ɱ¾֮ģķɳлһѤѪɫâ
࿺ٷݣΪٻ׭ΪĶฮ޵ȴսļͨʱԼΪʲôƽʱûжֳôһɵʱսͼɡ
˵ٶȶĿ죬գ֮䶼ѾӳǬɽ˸߿֮ϡ
ߺ֮䷢һĳХѪˮͬһѪɫĺâͷ·ǷĻβһ㡣
ѪӰ٣ߺ࿺֮ľѸ
࿺һͷֲ֪ľ޽һЩһǻٵġ
ʱ࿺ѾϼӳĻȫԪ׺ľȴûаգϰǿٻսս൱ͯ
ƿյļХŶ˺ѷһĿ
࿺˫۲һҧ˫ٴαãӶĹ׭ǰֳһö׭ıϣ̻Ϊһ
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ʮ׵Ѫɫ޽֪ʱѾ͵˼ʮףһĵ绡棬һȦȦѪΧƣóľ޽ʱ˿ƺܹħ
ȴ̵˵һͷ׳Ļޣһ룬Ǹյ˶棬˿ûܵ谭ֱӽͷٻ޴ɢĹ㡣
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ѪնУ֪࿺ѾĲˡ
࿺һʥصΣǽȻīҺұȻٶȷˣⶼԺˡ
һ֮ս׺ľߵԪʱѾƣΨһͷǺúõϢһ£ûκĴš
࿺ȻûϢһɳ·׹䡣
ȻûеΣĵزͬûһ˿彵ٶȣͬܿ죬ʱǰкȻ˸һɫһӰŽŷٶ
ɫڿտҹɫ֮ԵĸۣҲԽеŮϢ
Ī˫۲Ķż½ߣɫһչڿһ裬һµĻߣ֮Ʈȥ
ޱŵĻţɿӵ߽ס
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źûߣҲˣ߱˴սȴ׹ˤı硣
Ī߻صʥصʱ򣬴սѾӽβ
ûǿֵķѾȫûвʣµֻ׷ɱ
Ѿս˶Ѹٳۼ
˶ȻͷʯأҲǡǡ࿺īĹڽʥصδûг׻
ǾˣʮϮ֮Уûɵһŭ
ʱ˿ֶ̣̤ƽĶҺīҡ
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õͷ˵ǰЩӲ⵽Ϯǡˡ
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430 һ
˶û˵ټĴ棬ϰȫĵģš
߻ˣʥĹǣǴӵһֱ˶λ仯̫ˣʵǿһ£֮Ũɱ
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Ǻԣ£߲κ˵Ȱɡ
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ŷƵͷϵĶһЦĵֵܣþò
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˵գŷжһźһ̽ķɺס
ֽӹȴЩ⣬֪ⶫʲôá
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ŷɺһǰһߣͬʱŷɵ𣺡ǸɺǷɺŵҪֻҪׯͱȻ֣Ƿţ˳Ľŷ


431 
ʥһսĵڶ磬һ˳̲ͨһľŷУڳһϣ߰Ŀ񣬶Ķ棬Ƕһòʶϳ֮ѡŮ
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һçײˣ෴侲Ȼ֪ɱһׯ練ƣīҵʵȴǲСȻԼīҵ棬ҪطصľŷߣƱ죬Ҫúıһ
ҪɹĽׯӾڹͱ㹻ġ
ģȻȱ
һ۲죬ա
յҹȻվھ¥ĴǰžڹǰֵˣȴһüĿûС
ȻȷׯھڹУȴûм
ǬɽһսĽѾī˵ĶУ⼸īҵĶƺīûиԵĴȻһͷݷޣʱʱ̶̿ڴ
īҸڶ࣬һīһī
Ȼ߲δϵǣҹľŷǰƽˡ
޴ľŷڴ֮ϣһͷޣȻҹĻ֮УԶȻƮӲӵĹԣЩѸԶֻǼĹ򣬾Ѿ˾ŷߴǽǰ档
ڳ¥ϵīʿͻĹԳ壬۾ǰľʲôʱʱһ𾪵ͫ׽ܣ
ǰģȻʮɢŽɫԣ趯ž޴˫ι
ӣһߴӰгＸʮ׵Ľɫݺݵڳ¥ϵʱЩʿǲξѣ
Ϯ
˺ƺ񺰵ͬʱһƵѶѸ˲ɫԪѶɲǼŵ̻ҹա
߲ʾ
ǾŷΪΣһ־Ҳֻǿ˵ʱŻͷţһ̣е߲Ѿڸס˾ŷϷĺɫĻ
ֻţȥ
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˽ߣĪͬһɫսףƽϹâӲӡ
ǲʮɱڵսʿ
û⣡
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ϰ˽磬һ˽ٶȸϻУܹѹ񷣵˵֮ϰ̱ʾʮֵĸȤֱӴʮǿսʿȫٸ
ջصʥأڵ֪߹һɱׯ֮󣬱ִҪ
ϰ֪֮һ·֮ϱƶ˲ԣھŷУȻնɱׯ
ɱׯڱУҪı̬ʥزһ߻ϣǶԷڸƵľŷҲˣ
ʱھ¥ϵȻų߲ʹ⻪ͿһӰӷɳ׹һȥϢжϣЩһʵϸ֮¾Ȼ߰˸֮࣡
ͬʱΪڶīʿӾ׹ŵӿβǰǿߵķȥ
Ȼ֪Ϊʲôīǿͬڶīʿ㳲˵һѵĻᣬٳɣӰһѾԾ¾¥Ѹٵĳž׹ȥ
ͬʱĽ£һĨɺѩӰ˸˾ȣھ׹Ĵǰһû
ھ׹еĵͨ⼸Ĺ۲Ҳ˽߰˰ˣ֪ﲻߣܿһŷݸǰ
Ǿ׹Ŀͷרṩס޵ĵط
ׯʵǿߣܿʹһŷ֮׼ȷҵׯڣ
֪īǿߵעܹã߾սپ
ͷΧõзǱȻģ߲㿼αֱܿӳһųȥ


432 
׹С
ײһ䷿ݵķʱΧķ
һĲɫâѸڣգ۹ֱ
Щ߲ʹâ۵ͬʱӷڲԼΧһнﶼʼһĹߣЩѸڿн֯ͼС
߲ʹâ۳һķţǰŷŵʿ߲ʾΪơ
̧ͷһе߲̻֪ʱ䲻࣬˫һ֮кɫ񱮺ХǰѸ
Ĺ߻ûü׽֯棬̴ѣ
ʱ֮дһǲֻׯ
ǬɽһսīҲδ֣ǱɱɾѾսľˡƺīīҲûеôҪǬɽı߾ȻܹȻĴھ׹вûܵʲôв
Ǿˣ⼸չׯȴҹ£跹˼ҹߣһԼĪĵԴվŶɱɺŽţ֤˼ɲΪ֮߻ĵĲɱ
һʱׯһӾᵽɤۡ
뵽īҵϳͨ쳹صı죬Ҳûеɱ
ǵλôŵǿ޴ʯʱӹһ˿죬ֻʯһĨӰʱ׹ߣ
Ǹ˵ѾԺ飬ʱ˿̣ǰ
㣬ǹ
ͻأĳԼǰׯʵĲʣͬʱϵˡ
ֻ˳ĺ󱳾Ѿֵǽϡ
䲻Ѿ˵ǽǡ
棬˫ۿ˵ǽǵׯһ˿Ц
ԭΪǸΪãû뵽һ
ߵ쳣·˿Уʵʵɱܣ䶼ڲ
ׯһĿ־壬ȴ֪˵ʲô
ͻȻ·뵽ʲô˻ߵĴǾ׹ɱҲӲȥģһһҲ㲻
˵ׯ·ǷΪ˷ܵ飬׷һЦ
һߣ֪һѾױɵˣ½Ųһǰ˫繳ֱץׯͷ­
ʥͽףׯͬǸʥشһСĽѣôʹˣȷЩ
߸ñʳָӲֱӲׯͷ­˿ûֹͣ˼
־ׯ˫ۿʼ޶ȵ͹鼸Ҫϼ䲻Ѫˮȴûеһʱȥ
Ǳҵ³
߼ÿ˵һ֣˫ʮָǰһ硣
ׯѾ˵ҵĶţǱﲢʹҡڵĨ
һʹḶ́ȻնҪ˭ĳһַĲ
ӹ˫ȻһʮֱָӶ
ׯȻľҶһ±㳹ʧȥ˶
߳˫֣絶ֱʬĲһĨѾѪͷ­ʬ壬һ˦ֱ֣ӽͷ­ͼռ档
ͼȻ𣬵ǱĴ洢ȴûгʧ
ʼգīҶûһ˳֡
һУмɢҪͷ­ȥЩȥĵӡ
תȻǰĿյվһСӰԾĿ
С
һϰԵĺ˳
վŵģī
߸磬ɱˡ
ȻҹɫУīɫҲܹõɷףȻھĿԼȥȥߣȴȻǽסƮҶһҡš
̧մѪԽ˫֣һ֮˵ǵģɱˡ
룬ֲһ䣬˫֣ʵɱ˺ܶˡ
ī˵ֻվ￴ߣȻȵĺ£ȴʼסûܿ
ǰ߼ī㲻ˡ
īľٶԳЦЦǰߣǽһᣬֱ˻һâԶȥ
Сļҡ
ߵѾǴԶīĶѾЩ϶
ʧãī߱ϢĶһ뷢԰׵ߣ߳߶ߵķһۣ㽵ɾɱҲȡɡ
ī˵ʲôֻǿ֣߳ʱߵߡ
үү߸ÿ£ǰӵġ
īɻʡ
ɫȻ˼һȴûлشīĻ˵ߣǻȥɣ󡣡


433 Ѳʥ
ɫ֮ʱǬɽĺ󷽣ʮ͹ʯǰׯͷ­ڷһʯϡ
ѾûˣʥصͽԶڡ
УȻߵλϣԱ߿λĵһλϰףʮսʿޱվϰ׵󣬷·ܡ
õİλ˴֮ⶼԼλϣվŸõĵӡ
Ȼۼ˽ӽˣȴİû˿˵ƽ˵ĵҲؾصվ͸ǱյĽġ
ϰ۾ƺ˼ʲôһᣬֱӶ߿ڵвǣ˶ȥҺҪ̸
нӽĻʱ׷üͷʲôвǣ£
ѵʥرΧǣЩ
Ҳдˣ֪ص˵Ĳ顣
һϣֱ˳ȥ
һȥʣµ˴඼Ѿվסˣ׷뿪
󹦷򣬴֮бֻϰ׺ʮսʿо˽Ī롣
ϰֱӿżɽ˵ѹ񷣵ĶҲԭ򡣡
Ҳܻ䣬شôһǰЩӴս֮أ֪ѹ񷣵治ڡ
ϰɫһмֲãԶðž޴ΣմӼ۾ӵظɲһ˲˵Ľ
ȻˣǾ͵Ա֪
ߵͷҲóϰȻ˽ĸ磬Կ˽һûжģҪģ̾ͻᷭ
ͼһսܵشǳ׳ߣܷܲӳѹ񷣵ܻ治˵
Զ֮д߶ͼΣǰ
ͼֳ̬ѾǰȥСֻ࣬аƴСΧɵϢҲ쳣ϡǾͼֵʱߺԵĿϰͬʮսʿı˲仯ˡ
˽Ī룬ѾϰָоȻʮֵƽҲĸоС˺ܶࡣ
ϰ׶ݵľ֮ɫתΪء
ֻǾվһΧȴһɫ
ɽɫտʼʱϸһ翣ʱƣȴ𽥱ŨأһϰǿϢɢ
ϰ׶ϢƵʮֺãֻΧ˸оϢȴǸɢȥ
ɫԽԽŨһ·Ľɫϰ׵峹ΧС
Χ˶СĵĲţϰʮսʿȻѾӾȻΪ𾪣ȴʼûзһɴ˿ɼǵĿ൱ǿ
ɫ۵һ̶ȣͻȻһļХžͿǽɫѸٳһλۣգ֮۳һ״ԼǱĶ
Ҫ˵ǱҲһֹޱȵı۳εĲѾӽ׳ǰ˳ֳΣڰεмһԲͰӵλһŵĳκмԲǳֳɫ·ĳǺɫвǺɫ
ͺųӵλһԲε͹𣬺ǽɫĳһֱ쵽С
ɫۣĳȽӽ׳ϰֻбһ۳Σǰ˵Բ͹ȴǺȻһʻΪһԽ覵
ϰѾˣеɫǰδеࡣ
ţֻһǶԽ׵˶ʱһɳȻ˵ӿ
һĻ˽ĪȻȻ򾲣ȴѾǾκˡ
ΪˣȻ֪ϰ״ʱŵʲô
Ѳʥ䣡
巴ѣ췣ԭҫѲʥ㳹׳Ϊ棬ʮʷѾֳڻȴеĿˣ
Ѳʥ䣬
ϰḧеҲ̲סЦ
˵ĳ裬һϴϣ
ϲӣ
վϰʮսʿʱȻѲʥ䣬Ĳһ棬֮صĻкܶܶࡣ
Ѳʥǳ̣Ѫǿ츳ǱزٵĻ˴Ѳ֮ʱκһѲʥˣһĴڡ
֮µˣҲûѲһ˵
ϰʥ䣬ĳȥڿߵʱѾķ˱仯
츳Ѫʵǿǰ;ˣ֪ǰǼ˵ж
ϰ絶ôߣеٴļžС


434 Ұ
Ϊʵصˣϰȴ֮ƥҰģ츳ʵ֮ͬжһΪŸʹ񷣣û񷣣嵱Ϊһǳ
һӱ׵ⲿȥûҵκϣϰ׵ҰȴûСҰľʵһһֲ߼ٶѸš
񷣵ѹƣһ޷ԽĴɽʼͷŨӰ
Ȼʱվһȫܹѹ񷣵ĶʱҰ˲͵˼㣬缴籡Ļɽʱضпɿӱҽ
еԽԽ죬û˵˵ɫȴѾȻ֮䷢˱仯
ϰ׶ǰվߣɫԽеߣ𽥱һɿڵĴ͡
ڣϰ״˳ţ¶һЦݣ˵Ұɣһȡ֮֮ĲƸ
·һߣҪʲôȼһ㡣
ϰ˵һ仰ʱԱߵ˽Īɫ̾ͱˡ
һ̣˽Ѿˣ˭ԣΨԼλˣ߽ṹĪв
仰ȻֳʮֵԴϰ׵ĵһ𣬾֪һŷ࣬еһĨȣһֱʹδϨ
㣿
̧ͷϰһȻЦЦҡҡͷ
ͼҲ֪ô
ԣǼ﴿˷ѣֻҪңȫԴһµĹȣ
ϰеĳԽԽˣѾΣҲ֪ǹ˷ܻʲôȻȫߺҡͷĶ
ϰѾ𽥿ƲסԼߵɫҲЩٴҡҡͷ˵ûҵ˼һȻһ磬ⶼûйϵһġ
㣡
һ˵ĹϰҲףȻⲻԤ뵽Ľ
ϰףһͻȻŭˡ
һˣȻΥ־
ϰ˫ʮָԾսʮָؽֱ졣
ǰ̧̧
˵һ飿
ľٶѾԣƺֻҪ˵һ֣ȭͷͻȥ
Ѿͼʱϰչ¶֪һˣҲ˿ûо⣬ֻǵĵ˼ѾԣбҪһ£ǿĻҲǼٵȻҲĶ֣ǻٵǼ˵ȴ練ơ
˵ĺ侲⵹ϰͻȻֱЩԥˣؿǣһߴͳûϣֲ̣һ˵켶ܹڱ˵
ϰ׾ûжɫǷ˱仯֪һѾʼԥˣһԥϾѾˡ
Ĭ˼ӣϰ׺Ȼת߳Ц
תһָߣ˵еǺڣ
ϰ˵뿪ʮһսʿ
ȥ
˽˵һҲ߳ȥ
ϰûг֣ҲǱȽϺõĽɲΪԼλʹ˷˵ͻȻͻٴγ
ǰ˴˿һԵĪ롣
Īҧҧ촽Ȼ˵ڣҵġ
⻰жʱһĪͷûɵЩӵµĸоЦ˼صҪ˶ãҾͿԴ
˵꣬˱ҲƵ߳ֱӷǬɽɽۡ
Ǭɽ۷ϣһªСʯݣԭԼԾ޵ĵطֻǬɽ֮󣬴ʱ棬ûʱ䡣
ߵʯ߱ϥ
ʱλĵı֮Ȼ˸һ£𣺡ﾲޣ
ߵ˵ͷȴδڣ֪Լľٶ־ܹоĵ
ﵽ֮ʵչΪλģǰ취
˵ûһҲѡ
ȻʵչΪλҲǿ
֪ûѡ񡣡߾Ļش
ϰ׸µӡв˿ٴɫ־ĸԴȻߵʵˣȻɳٶһЩʿ˵ѾƵ漣ˣȴȻˡ
Ҳûѡʯзʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ֻҪҵŨ֮أܹӶʱٵĿռ䡣
ţ
߶ʱһǴûʯоκεʱ֮Ϳռ֮
ҲȻˣʵҲ޷оʱͿռ֮
ȻϣȻŹ
ȻˣͶѰԣĵط


435 ʯ֮
ɽصʱе궯ѾƽϢòϣȷʵ嶯ˡ
ʵһһϦ飬ǱᵽԼʯмʱܣµͻɽʯ޲ˡ
ɲһǵѡǳĹ˵ʱȻī࿺īһңڣҸδвȻͲ
˰գŵ鰲һ£Ŷŷǰء
⵽ݵĵϮΪٲ֮Ҫ߲㱨ģҪȻٲõ˾̫ϸˣҪ֪Ȩֱӽ䳷ġ
˵īֶϮҲҪ㱨ģϮٲ֮ƺǣĸϵҲС
֮˵ﲻء
ѾǵһҲʶλ½ٲ֮ݣֻǿߵ񶼶ЩȻ
пŽδȻע⵽ǰֻǺͶŷɿ첽߽ȥ󹤷򣬾Ѿٲôϡ
ǰߴİʯϷŲԪľڣ߾֪ҪȻͷޱȡ
ִٲõɲһ򵥵顣
߱ලִȨǲݺӣȻҲʧ©Ͼݾ൱ңԶ߲۾ʱʱ̶̿עӵ
ֱʱ߲ŻȻ֣ԶûԼеô򵥡
Ƶļලϵͳֲߴеİ壬ƿµԴȵȵһʱ֮߶Щͷ
ǲ벻봦Щ鶼ӲͷƤȥȥߴ󸮵ĸһıϺ꣬סٲõȻ֪ȥȴͬˡ
˵ÿ¶Ҫе򱨱Ǵû
ලԸ󸮰ͻϣҲûп
ֱʱߺȻ֣ʲôٲ֮ѹͲǺĶ
鲻֪ôô֪ộǻƨ
һɱƥߴʱڰͷסͷһʹӣŷҲǿЦã߲ڣȻóȻȥЩٲõרļŪÿǻСĻ
ŷȻʵǿȴǸˣһΪʲô˶ûдȴΨٲõ⵱Ѿµ˲١
ڶŷ߾ԲǱˡ
룬ŷߵǰûᵽκιٲõ飬˵ԼΪλͻȻʥصԭ
϶żֻһС壬ԾΪֻȼ쾳ʿŷɵʵΪڼѾǳ͵źˡ
ֻ߸֮󲻾ãżұ֮ŷɸ֪ʲô˶Ǽһ˵ĳޡ
ΣżҸг֮Ҳûܹӳ
ҲڵϸĲ鿴ȴûҵκ·Щ־͸ûгֹ
֮£շתǬɽ
ЩҲһȻҲŷ˵Щĺ塣
Щļһ¡
߰ѶŷɴأȻ⣬ǰׯıѣл޷ȷŷɵλã¿һЩڻܵļǿԽˡ
˶ǴˣЩ鲻Ҫ˵ֻҪ˼ҲʹﵽĿġ
ŷɰѶעѹϣҲѡ
صЩϺļǱܵģһй¶ȥ߲ȻŭɲС¡
ŷùļһһ飬ɵ˵˽Բߡ
߲óһ棬Ƕŷ̼ҳϸȨ׿ΪóģҶŷֶܵ൱˽⣬ڴЩһ˿ûϰ
󹦷߿ʮͷʹܿʹϣӦĽԲߡ
߰ϵһװãǾмλרŴִԱ
ЩʵǿֻҪһЩ̫ѵͿԴ۷ʮַĳͣ˵ЩԱֻԼͷϵ飬һŲܲʡ
˶ŷɣѻ϶Ϳࡣ
Ҫȫϣų˼µļҪļ
Щļ󲿷ֶߴ󸮵ĶԼԴ״оһЩط쳣¼
һ飬߽£ȫ͵١
µһݾǰ֮ǰͻȻϮ¼һݲǳԴ̩¡֣֮Ϯ¼ʼĩһ飬ԼƲ⡣
кҪһǣץס˼Ϯĵˣ߾ͷϵ鴦֮ȥ
һ˵ݾڳһʮŨĵط
˯ͷ°¶һ˿ЦϿȡ


436 Ͽ
ʮ֮ѾԶԶһһ˳Ŀĵؽ
ŷɵǺܺãڹۿ˲صķ²ԺѾȷȫµĵˣҴδҲδ˵Ҫǣټ֤϶żҵ֮һĵġ
ŷɵȻãǴصһЩճǿԵģһ㣬Ҳġ
ŷɵ˼ԣҪߵ𣬾ܻãߡ
һ˵ĿĵǰòųĶϿȣϿλݵ߽λáߵϿȣܿͺ͸صļһڵŵӼ档
صӵмʵĵӣΪ츳ߣǵĴں̶ܴڱΨһľǵȴٲõĸֵ
Ϊ׵ֻһ˵ʱ򣬶ʱüͷ
˵ظϵشٲõôһ˹
ûֱݣȻҲֻѣ֪УٲõƣǣСô˵ҲӦֻһˡ
ߵĻشȴûκ뷨ٲ֮ݣ㹻ˡ
ٲ֮Ե˵ӡ
ȻӣеѾ˲Сƫ
ˣ߾ֱ˶Ͽȡ
ϿԵϿȲ󣬵߿ոӣͿԿʮﳤϿһδľ޴Уڣ۶ϵطϿȵĶˡ
ϿȲ󣬵ЩϿȵĿȣҾȻкüĿȣǻбɽ壬汻ֲ
ŨΧֲ˵ķï
ɽȺܾоͷ·뵽һɾֻǲ֪ΪʲôԼԼһֲͷȻͷģԶ϶ǣֲԴͷǳɽȡ
ɽȵǱʲôܣ
ߵʶʼ˷ɢӹһľһʯһȴûзκοɵĵط
룬һελȻչɫʯ˳
ڶϿȵϣѾöŷͨƵͨѶװôݸ۷ǣʱ䲢࣬һ۷ʲôߣͲڶϿлˡ
ɫʯϢĸֳѸٹճһԲʮҵľ޴ͣС
ôҵŨĵطô񱮾ͻָܿ
ƺҲ΢Щ˷ܡ
һ̣־㷢һȣԣһоһѵϢ⵱治һ˸˵飬Ҫˡ
ѣ
߲ԣ֪еʲô壬ʲô˼
ȷ޵УصǳսЩѷģ
һᵽϵıģ߶ʱһ˲Ҳ˱˵ѵĺˣǺֹѣǸǲݵĵˡ
ߺȻʱǨʮȥбôܹ֪
Ҫ֪Ҳһս֮˱Լղݵĵˣտϸ˵Ѿˡ
ǰ˼ƺŹͬĵˡ
ɻȻѵĳƺ߿ɲΪЩһﵱѣ˳ɾλıȣϵĴ˵˿ڲݵ֮С
Źͬĵ˲٣ǶһȺӣһȺսĿȷӣֱͶݣޣȻȷģ˿ıҶǵĿۡ
ֳ߱ĬôһȺӼȷһ˸˵顣
ʱʯѾʼΧ
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437 
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ȫ֪ǣ䣬ݣݣڶϿܼ֮ԽԽ࣬ʽĵز
һ֮󣬶Ͽ֮кȻһ춯صĳХضʼ
ԽԽңϿλõڵǾͿϿϿղϱһԪâЩâ絶罣֮Ҵܡ
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ھ˺õĺУǺѹѹһƬȳһεսʿ
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е߳϶Ȼͷһɽͼǰ򿪿ռ䣬ֱӽץö˽ȥ
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ߵѪӰٶ̫죬˺͹׷һξ֮ںͺ󷽵սʿ˾룬ֻѡ
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ߵ˵ͷʼһɢͼ֮


438 ɱ
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ԭʼƵڲһ㣬ͼĴһֵĴڷ·Ȼһڿɲǣ߾͸оԼǿһͷ˯е̫ޡ
ǣ߶˵ľͷֳһԭʼƣǸ㴥ȥ
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Ѫ֮อַ֮ڸоȴδƺһ̾ͻ඼Ҫ³
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440 սĻ
һ̣ܣܹ⡣
ǷͶӰһĺ׾ߣȴʵ
Զɽϵණһ˫۾ҵĿţעƺͣڷͶӰǰǾ춯صĹ֮УûʶǿķͶӰѾܡ
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ԭ࿺īѶʱţһΪ飬ŵ»ĽǸˣԾаٷ֮ʮŵĿûôǿ󣬵ҲԸðգŻѴٻͶӰ
ȴǿķͶӰҲĶӣ
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ڲصϢԺȴûбֳκεҵѡīһĻʱȥЩʲô
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½ֵħսʿԽԽ࣬սԽԽ
ŷ֮ǰѾϢͨӦأظŶĬ׼ţȴִٵĺ
صûͣϢص߲㻹ûȷָʾﶼһ޿ɱսķأһѪϴ
ڲִ˼գ㶯ʥأθߵȻ塣
ݸ鱨ǳݾڵħ崫ѾＸʮкüǬɽԶ
ûǿǬɽȻǱΣ


441 µս
ھīҵ¼֮ڲվ˽Ÿ
ʥΪصȱݾûǿ򣬾˶Ŭǽչȴûеô죬ؿȻʮҲ龳۷壬ȻθоһٵļȴûĽ١
Ī˽صѪŸսʵ츳ʶܹƵţҲʱݣҲʮ֮ǻ
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С𲽽Ҳǿؾ磬ʵֻǱЩħսʿǿһЩҲ߱Ƚϵĵĵط
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ȻǳĬԣ岢ս֪ȻˣͻĺͬпܷһС
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Դһʯռ䣬ʱһ̶ĵЦǸõطֻ˰Ǵ𣿡

һʱͷ󣬵ȴЩסԴĻĵ

ߺòѹͷĻ磬ɫǿԼʱģ߿ʮ۽֮ΪϺٻٳƿֻʺ㡣
ѽȷǸõط
Դ˸ѤɣôǾѾͷЩԡ
㲻ϲŮ𣿲Ҫôңȡ
߸оԼ˲ͳ
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ֱʱ߲ŲòϣһŮ벢Ըȥһ˵ʱҲֵסġ
ڡ
ȻϲŮˣż˵ζҲ
Դǳ׽ΪͬʱȹȻ䡣
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˵Ѹپһܵľ˸žӨĹԣӳɫķâ
жǿȻ˵οߵĵ̲һۺ񣬵ǵĽŮ˵ʱȴȻԼƺһͷϹޡ
߲òϣᵽʲô޵Ԩ
ҪǣȻ֪Ԩȴ޷԰ΣС
˵һߺܿͽеͶ
ڵĳǿЧԴ޼ɵķйɣĿռ֮нĳԵζ
սһȨԴǿưԵŮˣҲó̬һδεĽ׻
㻹ǴŮ
֪˶֮߿žʡ
ޣڲˡ
ԴţָֻϵػӶľٶһ̺âɿתиսĺۼ׷ֽڣۼ
ҸµӡǲԽԽˣ
ŮȻЦĺܿģһıóѵζ
ȷһֱ̯ʾϿɣ˵ץʱ


442 ս
ʯʱԼٵʮһ൱ʮ졣
ϸԼʵר־ĲʱϿʼüȲƽ
̶գǶݡıǻǱسȵĻ֮ɼҫ۵죬Ⱥƺ֪ʲôк£ʲôп־壬֮ȻһȷѪꡣ
ֱƵһţǱȻ󳹵״ɢ
һֽ϶ѾǱս
սʿսǿձʵȽϸߣݹϴ󲿷ֵţҪڵһʱ֯ɰǧʿɵľӶǲʵ飬˵ڸսʤϾš
Ⱥɸɵľӷ·ѹǧľޣû֮ȻѪɺӡ
ȻֻӪνֻɢǰڣľӻδ
ʮյ֮˾ٶ־ƺڽٵƬϣʿɳǳ궼뿪ĴҲ׷׳ڸء
ʱߵĻͲѿʿѪսĳԼǱĪľ
֮ɳ൱ʿ٣ʮ۵еλ߳Եؾϣרնɱǿߡ
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һӣһȵĻ˳ָһ̺֮ŵĲ԰֮ɫ
ִĻ浱кǿ𣬶һʮֵ⣬Ȼ˵ıСŻսĵȼս᳹תΪµ
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·ǸоǰδеĳȣԴͷϵСһҲ֮۾
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443 ľ͹
ǬɽϿգǳɫϼӳյʥضλһɾ
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ãɵڤڤգо֮ǿ߿Ҳֻϰˡ

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Ǭɽϡ
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ôˣ
ǵģһֱߵˣȴ˿ߵôˣʮֵ쳣ȴ֪Դ
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444 ֹսһ
һ˵ƵǼ׿սǱԼ߳һȼĶֻӴ쾳սʿ˫ܹ֮´СС˿ڡ
ӵǿߣߵļ䣬Ӧħ֮еˣԵܹĲݻ档֮ߴ׵ӴԼͨɫɫܹ˴Īѹ
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սϣѾûκεı׿һкս޹صĶֻƾֱ־һ˵⼸ʮϰٱĵսš
գǿ߱𳹵ճһѻҽµսʿȴ˿û˼׷ײĳӿϡ
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ߵĲ죬𽥻ָԭ֪ʱźȻԼôأ˵ǽң֪һսԼ᲻ỹĽҡ
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ʱ֣Ϻ׵ꡣ
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ģеԽԽ٣ҲԽԽ١
߲֪ٴľĻӳһݺݵĴ̴һսʿ壬Ѫ˲ʱΧȻļµĺɱ׳ȥ
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СҲһŵսʿܹսǿߣֻ֮ʣˡ
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һѪˮ׳ˢĳУʮǼʮܹ꣬ⳡдػᵮǿ߰ɡ
߹¼ŵӰӽнԶСеĿӷΧʧ
ĳƺҲһŨصѪɫʣ֮䱻һ졣
ȻĿĵߣκսԥļȥǿĵˣҲûк˹ϵԽԽأӽ֮Щָ
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һֹսߣ˵һ֪ʲôʱܹߵͷѪ֮·
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445 ֹս
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һ·߹սµأȴǰ׼
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һнĩʱһʵǿĵˣӵڵħǿߣһнӽ쾳սʿ
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ǵģţһգ۾ûˣԭĵϿտҲ
΢УС󻹸Žٵսʿ
ߺὣ粽Сӹ˹ָ


446 ֹս
ѪĲճһˡ
СӵħǿƺľٶʮֵĲмСվǲһߣƵ̬ٸߵҲⲻ˱ɱʵ
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СӵٶԱЩսʿٶҪ죬һϾʱһֻвһ߳ıɫ˫
˫ȥħ۾һ֮͸һɹ͸ĸоѶֵֻ̽СȸһС˫֮š
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ҵĻ泹Ƥħǿߵߣо̽ĽѾ˵˵½ǣͻȻ֮ʧȥĿ꣬ʱССĻһ£
ȻһµĻңȴһ˺ѽХһŻĽѾ׼ȷħǿߵ˫֣


447 Ϻ
ӡ޴󣬲ĻϨ𣬷Բʮ׵ķΧ̻Ϊ
߻սͬǿ𻷵ĴڣԼԻӡĲٿس̶ȣԱ֤ǿҵĻ²ܵ˺ǱڸƤħǿ˵جΣ
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Ƭ֮󣬴رȾ졣
ȻǻĴ󽣣ʼһε·;
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׺һƬҲ̤ĵط浽ĪΣϢ岼ĴСϡ
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첢ȴһֲͬĸо·һؽ緢ĻɽԶ̶ͨȵĳ߶Щ޷ܣҵյζ
ѵһһֽвֵĻɫֲ֮Ҳûκ֣ƺڳ׺˵Ҳһء
̤ʱеĻʽȴǷǰδеľҲ
ϣѾܹĸоǹδ֪ǣѾԶˡ
Բĵ죬ڵ˵СʱĹܹᴩһأܿģһ춼ԵЩľǰͣ˽Ų
¾ͻأĳڵ棬ǧ׸ߣһǰӿĴ󺣣չǰһ࣬ǳֳһĺɫĲĻۡ
߸ոǰվеĻʽȻ㷢һȻַɳ
ųȻâĻʽɲǼڣЩ۷
һ㶣漴ȴɵ𾪲ѣʽտ̻ĺۼһо˫ĽУ
ΪȾ磬ѧͨľ֮Ȼ˵ܹڵһʱеİܹڵһʱ׼ȷжѾΪĳʶ
˼ĴͼռһͨŻʽĹ켣һһʽģ¡
ϵĻۺֹǧ򣬵ڻʽ˫Ļ֮¶̶̼ʱ䣬ȻеĻ۶һ飡
һâںȻҫ۶Ŀǿ⣬·˲䳹ȼ


448 յʥ
վڰ׿ߣʱȼľڣܸľһǰδеĳ˲Χпռ䡣
һˮϵĳˢ˷Χκһж˲飬ȻΪҳ
ȼ֮УͿԭ׸ߵľ޴ǿҵĻ֮кȻݣ¶һĶߡ
ȵĻʽڶߵڴƺڵȴʲô
߿ս壬Сǰժ»ʽȻ붴֮С
һɣߵ¶߶ЩܣлսԼԻԪ֮ƿأǿֿܹס£ճɻҡ
ߴʱкߣǾͨԪ֮ƿصһ̶ȵĻʥǿ߽ҲҪճˡ
ΪĻѾķ룬ĻԪһָһۼʽڵġ
涴߲󣬴Ҳļ䷿ô󣬵ҲǿյģֻǰλãȻһˣ
˱ŶߵڣһɫۿȥҫֻۣһҲ߾ɲһʱ֪ǲǸ߹ȥ
·Եһû֮ɵķ󣬴ʱɢŴĿĺ⡣
˼Ƭ̣СŲŲǰ̤˭֪ӴǻɫȻ֮ʶ˵һ죬ŷ·ʲôһ㣬˵ʶͳ뵽һ޵֮С
˫۶Ȼ֮һƬǻûκηӦ;ǰһٶȻָӾ
ֻǻָӾ֮𾪵ķ֣µغΧĻѾױˣǰǸĶߣ
ΧյģаƮ֣ȣȴòӦ·ԼѾû壬ֿƼ򵥻Ķȴ޷ɣ
ô£
һոջعȴȻһ
սúÿÿһսϵ˶ͳͳ
ȴʧϣֻͿԸоһλǿߡ
߱˵˭ȴȻԼ޷
Ǳܵ¿ȥͿ֮һȺʩչͨսһ𣬶һԵĸ
ȻһˣԼǰڻ涴֮пǸѵԼȻ뵽ʶУĿܣ
߾ޱȵʱȻһ˲֪ʲôʱԼǰ·սͻأֵĺ˺·սͬ涴֮гֵĸһģһ
ҪˣΪҪһһȫɱ
޷ش޷˵ȫȻ޷ǣԼ޷˵޷ƶȴܹĿ·սܹ֮еÿһˣ
ľЩ㱣ҲԼµһЩ
˵ڻʽĴ˵ƺʹ˵еʥĪǣ˼пܾǵʥʣ
˲˵ֻǾĿ·ս
·սΧˣսе쳣ңһͨӵɽһܣ߿ۻҡ
ȻվƵ£ڿս󲻾þܾ֣˵Χ²òѡߡ
ȻȼһųȵĻƣѸûУգ֮ս
ߵ˵ͣ˼ӣͻһת䵽ߵĺϡ
ֻ˽ɶݣһգ۹򣬾ǧľ룬һʱҡҡλεĽȥ
һ޴ĵ죬ֻ¾ڸǰȻһչһͨĳС
һѽ߶ʱд󾪣˴ʱóĳǻʽ
ɴˣǳжϳǸ˾ǵʥʣδ֪ԭͬ׸ΧɱŻһ춯صս
ʥշлʽ˲仮ɰǧȫڸ߸ߵľ档˲ڶĽۡ
ϵãЩոտڵʱĽۡ
Ӧʥµһˣȴ֪ΪλͻأĳֵߵУҸӹԼȻһ˹Ŀռ״̬
ϲ棬ʥͻȻһָߴǧɵľʯھȻ¡ֱߴӲѿ·ǱӲһ¡
пڣʥʾʯں濪һѨһ˦зɿһܹֶɵĻʽڿлһɫǣңԶĵطȥ
һĻ𾪣Ҫ֪ʽǴһԭ淢ֵģһԭ׺Сֹʮ
ǲܶԶľ룬ȴֻʥһ


449 ǿ֮·
һĻߣѾ޷ԼˣʥԴһս֮һֱڶ֮У˲֪ţѾ䣬һʶô£
ʽʥڶ֮ⲽڵϻһɫĻߣչǸ̤붴֮ʱġ
귨֮ʥʾһˡ
˲󹦷߾;ʶȻһ죬˫һڣǰٶ
ǰʱЩ겻ΧȻǸĶߣ籡Ļϸϳɫķ˸ŻɫĻԹ⣬ȻŸո̤Ϸһ̡
ֻߴʱȴǰĿõǳսļʮڳÿһ˵òļҲʥʵС
ʱٿ£˸ûı仯ǰλʥʵı塣
ŻʽСٴŲﵽʾ磬νѾ˲ֻزĵزȻ֪£ǰʥʵǷѾ䣬޷ȷ
ԣȥ
ͬʱҲĪʣǾʥʽʽΪõʽ˴ͨص˵һսӰĿĵΪʲô
һһֱѭеñʧĵȻõ˻ʽҺԵʥͨʽк֣ôûɵ˽
ڶ̤ͻ
ǰ˼ڷվ
ڷģһڷȼգ·Ҫ뷨ڿնֻƺܵĪֻԭطڡ
վĻϣ߻㱵ĿǰʥʵıȻһ£
տʼʱΪһϾ֮лڣһ֮Ļʴڿռţÿռ֮еΪ֮Ťࡣ
һ߾𾪵ķ֣ǲǴʥʵıĶˣ
ʥʻת׺߶ӡ
ʥתͬʱ翴һССĽɫɳ©ʥʵߣʼתţɳ©ɫɳһɳ©¹
ɳ©еɫɳ࣬ȥҲͽӽӡ
ɫɳʮ֮ԭ˫յʥͻȻ֮۾ȻǿƥİȻ·һƬɺԿήĴ˲õ֮Դľˡ
羪ȵ۾ǰʥʣһһٵ˵ʥʣ
ʥʵ˵ͷǻشȻһָߣ˵˵һ˵ƺѾûѡ񡣡

߶ʥ˵ĻЩ⣬ּżȻԵļ޷˲
ɱ֣潻ԭҲ֪߷ոĵʥɷĻµ֣Ȼ⣬Ǻ᲻ġ
ʱ䲻࣬ɳ©ʱҽ׻Ϊôһҵ
ʥʶ˶٣˵ʱռ֮ѵǳսͶӰѾ˵˵òҵܼ򵥣Ӧҽȫɱôһһξ޽еĻᡣ
ʲô᣿
֮ߵĻᣬһǰδеĥ£˺ʱռ谭ǿ֮·
ʲôط
߶δ˵ĵط˺棬Ķһ䣬ǿ֮·̫Ҫǿˣƫƫûжʱ䣬˵ѾȲˣ¶˵һһļ尾
λʱ֮ռ֮쵱У½׾Թ϶ת˲ţǶе˵ȴʵʵĴڣ֮ÿ̤һǲһ֮꣬Ѿǰǧ꣡
ԭ֮
ߵȻͬʱҲȻĶܹ̤ôпڶʱڿǿȻȥ๣еĿꡣ
˼Ƭ̣Ȼ̧ͷʣܷңǼ˶ʲôݣβܹҵǣ
ʥ˵һΪ֮󣬻ұԪѪ۵Ѫ飬ÿһѪӦһ˵ĴλãֻҪѪ飬ܹҵǡ
ߵͷע⵽ɫɳ©еɳѾһȥǱʵôβܽ򡣡
õѪ飬µλѾһʱմţʱմűֱͨ򣬵һҪסʱմֻ֧סһأʲôֻһΣ
ˡߵ˵ͷȴɫɳ©еɳ
ˣϣŵԡ
ʥʵѾЩޣȻޱȡ
һأͬʱҲϣ˵ĶĿ԰쵽
ߴʱûΪִڶ˷ܣȻʥɷĻµĲ֣ǵеû٣ö֪ʥ˵ʵΰ룬ȻйѪŵԡ
ʱʥʵٴ𣺡Ȼͨĵ·ΣأɱУôҲֻ˵ʹȻҴźΪ
Ѹɢɫɳ©һɳ£ʥʵıһ̶ΪѱĳɢͬʱѪɫӳ߻۶ȥ


450 
ɳ©ɫɳʥʵı廯ΪѪߵС
ԭʥʱڵλãȻųһǿ⣬һС͵ʱմѸٹճΣһбӿתӿһ硣
սѪ飬˼Ƭ֮󣬻ӶʽѶֱȥȻȻȻ̤ʱմ
һ̤ױһ֮У˲ֻһᣬΧɲǼֱӶޱ޼ʵĺڰУʶ֮жû˹⡣
ǵһδԽʱմ󣬶δ֪ľЩңǺܿǰҲЩսʿʱմļֻ쾳ʵǴʱմ֮Ȼܹսжʱմ󲢲ԴԽߴ˺
Ӧޱ޼ʵĺڰ֮߳װ
ʥ˵ĺ֮ΣأɱȻΪֹ֪еĵ˵ʲôǼȻʥ˵ͱ뱣ѵ״̬˵һ봫󣬾Ҫ̤ս
߶ȫû˽⣬ֻǴʥʼ򵥼仰Ľ޷ȫ˽ģҿӾʥʶ˽ҲǺܹܶ࣬Ĵ½ϽͨʱմıԴ֮һ˽⣬˵ṩߵϲ̫ĳ롣
ʱ˿̣ʱմһ𳵴ĸоһƬ˶ϺХķûûκεϢ
һ̤ʱմ󣬾ͻ᳹׶ʧʱռĸʱմԭǽŤתʱռĻϣңԶ֮һᴩͨʱմеˣȻûʱռĸ
ֹһεĲʣȻʱռ֮Уȴ޷֪ʱռĴڣһܻ飿
ʵˡ
ޱߵĺڰƺ˺ܾãƺת˲֮顣
ûʱĸԺֻܱĶǰֳһƹâʱ֪ԼĿĵصˡ
˲ȫ񾭣ͬʱֽջʽںڰɲǣ˱һ˳ȥ
ľٶʥʽ̸ģֻڼ̵ĴʱմʱԼܽģоĶȵĽͱ͵Ϯĸʡ
䣡
ڵһ߻ûüΧκζصײһʯ棬´ƬʯͬʱײԴð
ʵںһʯӲʱ򣬽Ҳõȥ
ãȻ˵Щʧײǽϣǲûκε͵Ϯļ
ڵϴ˼һµŷԼһʯУʯ󣬵ȴ쳣ΪʯϲܹɢǹһԹʯ顣
ȻǴڵλã൱Ρ
߼򵥵ɨһ֮󣬾ŻʽŶߣһ·֮Ŀʯ飬ҹеǳ
˴ףǰȻ¡ˮ̧ͷһȻһ޴ٲ£ǰХ
޴ٲٴ̾ʥѡ̫ˣҪ˷ֶѡ
ӰһݣԶֱӷɹٲͻȻĪֻǴ׸ߣȻͺޱ䵽ٲУ˳Ŵ϶µˮȥ
Ҳݣ
һֿ˲䱻޴ˮû
Һٲ̶ˮ˼¾ʹ˳
̧ͷ˿ߴＸ׵ˮ߰ңһ׵̶Լͳʷǰһˮʿˡ
߶Ԫ·ɣŶ˼ԼΪʲôˮˡ
طƺʲôǿĽеʿ޷׼ȷԼҺܶʱʵ䷴˵ԭһ̳ȴȻһûд̳Լ
о˵Ĺ죬һж޷ճƶϡ
߻˺óʱһЩĳʶȻ֪ûô˵ڽԵ˵ʱһû˵ˣԼɱˡ
һ̤򣬾»صʱĸУȻ֪еʱ䵽׺Ĳж󣬵еȻܹĸо޶һ졣
Ҳ˵Ȼʱٺܴ󣬵ȻܹһһʮСʱĹ
ʱ䲢ụֻ̂ʱ䱾Դͬѡ
ߴŹһ£ԼϤһЩĹɺͳʶͻʮʱ䡣ȻܣΪȱʳ
ڱ֤жް֮ʱúù۲һĵò


451 
ĵòĴ絹ǴͬС죬ֻض˸¹ɫǳɫʯͷû̫ҲûкҹͰ֣֮Զôһ֣ʲôǶȥжı仯
ڵĿǰΪֹ֪е״ʲôı͵ˣ߲û뿪ٲ̫ԶֻΧ˼ء
ҲֲҲ˲ٶ飬ֲֻǶﶼʮأȫ߸ԭе֪˵һЩصֲֳʮȷת̬ȻڵϣȴȻŵ·Ǳ˳һԲ
ڶû߳ԶҲûʲôһЩ滹мķй켣ڻԲȦתȦתϺܾòܹһƶһξ롣߻ȵķ֣мֻ֪תȦдеֱҵϡ
䵽ϵûз̾ͱһ״ֻСϼȺɵëʣ
ЩϻЩɢŶعâʯͷκֲͶƺָͷ΢СΪ㵽СʳеĶ
ЩĳһС͵Ͼۼȥû߽ʮֻ˳Ͼͳɹٶȷǳ졣
ҲԼʮֻϣûܣֱӻӽնɱÿһ˽
˼ʮֻϣҲЩȥͺСһ̽ȥ
߶˽ͬһŰֽ·ǳʩչֹ֮ѹ£շУҲƽ׷Ծǿ˶١
̽ĹУҲżһЩרΪʳصһޱȵȫ׿һ£ȫһǦ϶Էֱ档
ھѨ൱ԶһλãרŵһЩѰʳ·Ȼ֫ԴչѸٵĽ£ԶطȥѰһ׷㡣
߳һξ룬ȻǰȻһ޴ʯɣϢʯĿС֡
ʯһ֪Ϊĺۼߵʯǰʼоݡ
˼֮Ѿˣһ־鹲ķʽʯĲʮ⣬ѱ𻵣̵֣֮߹һЩ֮ǿµġǹɫɫòȶĽܣһЩ
ʯ˵֮еıܹܵģͳΪֲ򱻼֮ĳΪǲݣǲƬĵطͳΪǳɭ֡
иĽԼе츳սʽ˶ףֻнȫյϷҲлȥĿܡ
һĹۿȥЩ̫ôˣҪϺóһʱ䣬˽һЩĳʶδܷսоͻһö롣
ſţһʱʱˡ
һļ飬ϣǵĸȻСٶʮ֮죬ӵױȵĶԣЩΪģϵ츳ǻ޾׷Ŀ꣬ǵ֮һֲ츳ǾÿȷĿ֮ͻǧͬȻֱӴһͷ޴ķȻָĿ׷
˶رǿ֮⣬ͷԴ˲ֹǧ׳һ׸ߵĸͷͳ׵ĹУǷϵȴ߻ɣҷǳ
ҷʱصϺͷԼΪ׷ĿṩԴԴϵ
߿Щ̲סʹͷӽϿԼǰնɱļʮֻ˳ϾǷϣԼѾ˷׷Ŀꡣ
˶þҪһͷ׳˫Ҵ㶾ս߶Щ
ȻܹǾͱ۵ȺѾ̽бԴ֮˵ɲһʲôϢ
ǿٵĽʯϵݿһ飬ȻȻصٲλרνսӵ󻯡
һ飬ڿ¶ʱ
ڷص;У߹ȻܲϣĿرߵϣͷڿиķϡ
߿ʱЩϺͷ𶼷׷׵ĺˣƺѾ߻Ϊ׷̵Ҫ󣬵ȴǿķ
߲Ҷයֻܹ۲һͻصٲ·ʼר־оЩޱȵ켣ȻЩѾôνһս޷ˡ


452 սһ
߻صٲ󲻾ãȻз½ĸˡ
ڽļУзϹ飬ȷλáԴˣҲδκεκͶȻ̤ôսǳ飬ȫ޷⡣
ʱУ˺ܴķ֣ƿؼ˸̵⣬ʹսʼȲ
дڵľ޴޷ģҲ֪ҪָԼԭսѾǲܡ
ʮ֮߷ΧԽԽ࣬ڵϻ۳һѵĳиȳһ㲼˷ϣѾһܵ
ʱѾ֪·ԲʮڵϺͷϵۼҪ˶ã߻ķͻ֣Ѿս׼Ҳκεη塣
һս޾սĿʼ
Ⱥ˵⽫һлʱĲԣСȺ˱֮ûκεǻۣʱĳ֣ʵϾΪ˸ڵġ
гȺӵķϣҲֻڻңΪһսǽޱǿķȺ˵͵Ĵڡ
߾;һʯͷ棬ǰȥȺȴĵ
ʱ䲢ǺܾãϺѹѹȺͻȻıӿ·յʲôٻ׷׳ΧɢҲʱһֻȫںڣɳԼףԼ׵ľ޴ϳߵ֮С
ˣ
߾һʽȻս𣬾żǰĵˡ
ֻϿѾĴ߻ˣתɵһĳȻȥܱȴһ絶罣ĸоȫļ׿Ƕ˼̣ںڷΪľĻǰ׳ĹУȥҪ
ƺűܵĳӣһҰͿʼ
ٶȶȻӿ죬Ͻ͸ĳȶڿлһ߳߳ȥͬʱڷ󣬴ȺķϽ
ὣ֣ӭķ׼ȷĴһŵȼջĽâ绡ΰºХն֮Īѹ£ʱܹնĽѾҪﵽļޡ
ⳡս߲Ͼʯ濴ʮǿ󣬶ֻҪȺڣͿԴԴϵĲ͵ͬ޾
ҪĵǰʤΨǽѸնɱ
һն߱㼱ٺˣͬʱŲȲʼռߡ
ν׼ȷĴ򵽷ǰӹеλã벻ǣԼȫһȻûܹƿķֻڳ¼˷ٶȡ
һĻɫʱжϣԼȫһҲһܹƿķ
Ʋķ͸޷˺ɱǾ͸Ӳˡ
һܴ죬߲ûչĹǿʼϵı÷λͼо㡣
ƺŷǷǻۣڿֻһ¾ѡأʱҪС̴࣬ӸӵĿзХ޴ӰڿһΣȻһΪһ
һӰͳߺХȥ
ķ֮ѱ棬ֻͣһ£ǰͺȻɫУǿľ

ֱӾʽ񵲣û뵽һȥȻ㽫ײɣ
߶ʱ󺧣ô
òסΣӰһǰһ˿ߴϢĻᡣ
֪ȥԼܣһᣬѪɫѪתȫѪʩչѪӰӿٶȵͬʱʽѸһѪɫ
ѪϢʼڿƮȺȺķͬȺ˲ɧ·Ѫ޾ĿһǼҪһеĳ
üʽѪһһѪɫһֻȥŲһֻȥ
Ȼ˵»޷ֱһҲȥˣֱӽ޲עϣһҪܵ
Ѫǰǵֱײڷļ׿ϣиһĴ̶ʱѾӽһֻгȻͱһХ
һʮ˳Ľ޴ķһ룬žͻΪС
ߵĴʩЧڵһֵĹоֱӽƣҴжϣǰһǶԷ˺
ⲻ˺ԷûκЧɼֻϾܹ
һ֮Ѹٺ󳷣зٴѡ˷̬


453 ս
֮ǿѹ·ӳʵҲͿ쾳սƽֻ˵ײǿ󣬳ҲʵΣıĹĪӦԲսʮֵĳ
սѾʮˣû㹻ǿĹֶ˲佫شֱɱϾûսʤĿܣû㹻֮ǰ뱣˺սڷ˵ûκεЧ
߼ѡߣǲϵķҵĳΧԴԴϵзϱȥǼһֱս״̬
ʱ䲻߾Ϊûȫպ˶켣ӵĽǶȹȻû˺ǱĻͷġ
˵ҲһĥӦеսźܴİ
ǧǧбǿĸ࣬߼ȻҪ֮ĥȻкսһ죬ܹոӾսɣҪ˶þͻĳһצ¡
䣡
һα޴ײȥڵϻԶ
Ѿ֪ǵڼˣ¶˳ͷҲϸܵĺ飬ǰķȻ־ûƣ͵ļ
˫΢˫ʶս˻ʽĽսѾ൱һʱ䣬ڷѾһЩŵץʱǺлġ
ȻѸͣѾ֣żǿӦܹ༼ɣǹʽȴʮֵĵһ޷ǾǳײȻǹеĴɱ
ǰ̽Ѿ֤ﵽһ̶ȣʽƿ׵ġ
Ȼһֱ·磬һֱڰ򣬵һжɣѾܹ׼ȷĶ㿪Ĺÿÿ䵽ϣͻ赭дĶ㿪
ʵսõĥʯԭڵʵȻѹµ쾳磬ԭսʶڣһȫȡƵսкܿͽԼеսһոµ̨ס
Сʱ֮󣬷ĹѾвˡ
һվûйĿ֮ѸٺˣͬʱȶˣȻʱһĽȻ֣ɲǼ䣬׼ȷĽһԳնϡ
ԭҪһξٶȳķȻ֮ʧȥƽ⣬ӿһͷȥ
׹䣬ΧȺ׷׳ŷӿµ˲䣬ӷϾͼһϸߣЩϸһΧȺ̽ȫתΪ
ߺòײ׼һն˷ĳû˷еܻʹ˷ŹѪӰʩչһѪɫӰڵϻŷȥ
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ֱڣȫûаڳһʱŻѡӲӲĺ߶ƴֻҪ´߻ʱʰʱˡ
Ȼʱʱ䣬ֱӭиһϲҪľĽ壬㲻塣
ڵϵٶҲ൱Ŀ죬ƴźķѪ´߶ѪӰȷ˲٣˫Ѿ棬۽һ˿âлʽѪɫϢ˲䱬ӭŷͷ­ֱ¡
ԭӲķͻȻ֮ƺоĪΣûʱ뵽ô£־ıѸپеͷϡ
൱ӴڷжУǲܱ𻵵ġ
ʵҲˣߵһûдĹУȴɹĽ˺üԶ
һмͣЪžǵڶٶȵһҪϲ١
ĲᣬȻûб飬ǿĳһʱ֮޷ܺõĿ壬ߵĵڶͬ׼ȷĻ˷Ĺ档
Ȼ󣬾ǵ
ߴʱ·˷ӰڣЪĳŷĹĿ£Ľ彣ȫûֹ˼
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ǰֻѣӴ̲ס鴤˼£ϵĳûг״߻ֱնϣҪȺָȫʢ״̬Ѿǲˡ
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û˹еķȫȻ˷磬ʼĺˣֻߵĹԤı÷ߣǾǲˡʧ


454 µĵ·
糱ˮһȺȥٲΧ̱ࡣŽڵĴϢţɫǲ԰ޱȣĽ£ŷʬ塣
ǰһþȫܹԪĵһβʣͬѪʧ࣬һսȻɱ˷ֻǲʤûиµϢ״̬ȫָ
Ȼ˵ǲʤջȴҲǾ޴ģͨͷһս߶֮йԼսʽ˸̵˽ᣬƿüɶ˲ٵǽܹսʤǿʱ
Ϣ˰Сʱ߿ʼûʽһһиʬ塣
Ӵ󣬶ұ渲ǵļ׿쳣ļ̣˺ô󹦷߲ŽʬʿһѪģ֮ҵһƶСɢ¹ɫ⾧ʯ
öƶСľʯϸĶ
ǾʯǴﵽʵ۳ľʯںˣǹͨԴҪģΪǾʯĴڣսŻᳬѰǿ
ټһʬ壬ҲֻƶСһǾʯһЩֵ
Ǿʯ߱תٲص˶ߵУڽ൱һʱǲٳȥˡ
һҪϢΣգǿᵽϢȻѭζ׷ٹһֻոս쾳ЩӦˣǸӵǿ֣·ĻᶼûС
һҪúоһǾʯܹʲôĺôʯ˵Ǿʯ̺ǳܹ֮ΪԼãܻ
ʱУ߲ûмȥоǾʯȻʮʱ޸Ļ壬ָڴȵѪ߶ѪӰѪҲʮֵء
Ȼܹͬٶȴʮֵ֮һʵʱٱҪĶ࣬Ǵһƽ״̬
оָĲ߲֮óǾʯϸۿо
εľֳҹǳһɫ滹еǴźյǳֻ֮ʵǿ۳Ǿʯ̺ǳ֮൱΢ҲǺܴ
ʵܵǳ֮ʶԼ֮нһ֮ϲõõĻһֱ֮·п˶д
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ǾʲôʱŪһؼյĿܡ
Ǿǳ֮ںֻ̺ҪܹԴԴϵɱôȻھǾɾͣ
߼ǵԼǰڵõⱾʱſǰݣǵʱ޷ͨǳ֮ԾҲûзϣ뻹з·תʱ
һߴͷʼϸоǾǾʯһŹܵĻȵعĴʱս᲻ֹһ
ϸоһ飬Ǵ϶ԾǾһ˽⡣Ǿ־ŸΣÿһΪһ쾳ÿһ쾳ӦĻһʽʽйأศɡĹܹƣÿһ쾳Ӧһơ
Ǿһ쾳죬ǳ֮۳ƣһۣܹĴ߶ʩչǳһʱԼۺʵ⵱аԪתٶȣٶȺȣνʽʿС
ǳ͵ֵͬʱڲ֮أοѾʵǳʵٴαǡ
κһ˵޷ֵջ
ǾϸƣΨһҪһҪȶǳ֮˻ǳ֮;˵ϽдĿֻҪһֱɱȡǾʯôһὫǾߵľ硣
һ쾳оһ֮߿ʼһöǾʯ
ǳ֮֮ϵһָһ׵ڣԶԱҪѻĶ࣬Ȼ;ͷû˶ϰǾôһöССǾʯ㻨ʱŰգתΪǳ֮ҽǾת֫ٺһһĳˢ徭
ʮȥС֮һ£߲˳ȥ
ȻبŲģûаͺҹ֣̤ɢ¹ɫĴϣ߿ʼɱ;


455 ǳ
򵽵ж߸֪Ҳ޴֪ΨһҪǵľڱ֤ǰɱȡǾʯȻǾ
̤ս֮УʱĸͻԽԽ޷ȥעʱš
֪˶ãһ£һ꣬޷ȥˣֻʱ޿̵Ķھ֮УȥЩʵߵרЩͷʵΪɱ
ʱߵУҲֻŲ϶СǾʯ
ЩǾʯ̺ʮżҲһܹ۳ƣ쾳ĵһ죬˿ûзͷ
ԭһ֮·
ڵõǾʯ֮ѰһƧĵطʼ
һ֮ٶȳȻѰʵ൱ɱ
ظǻ֮䣬Ժ־ٶ
һ죬һǾʯ֮ڻõǳ֮ͻȻ֮ȫתڳ׳ˢ֫ٺ֮۵˵︽һλá
ƣˡ
ͬһʱ̣۾˫֮пʼеǳ֮֮ⷢǳ֮һ΢Ĺ
۳ƣͬǳ̤˾ǾżܹõĹͨǳ֮֮ǳ֮໥ӳսĹܹ˳ĵǳ֮
Ӹ߿գ߻һָһǻԴ콵£ȫС
ǻԷٵĻΪâ뵽ߵУһ̣оһůʼ֮΢΢ڡ
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ڲ֪µĥ£ѾණҲ̶һɲ⣬Ȼʵɱ쾳磬ȴ͸¶һ޷ѹ
һǳЧһ߱ھŷǷɱ䣬ֻⳡɱ󣬾Ѿεĥ£ɱ֮·Ÿոտʼ
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ŵǻԣٴ̤һ˵;
֮׷ٵһͷǿһͷһεײޣʮ׳׸ߣ¶һ߳ɫë롣
ϢжʵѾԸ߳ԼһΣҲͷǹһʵսȻɱԵ
һ㣬߲ȥǣһ뱻ԵϷȵսѾȼ޷Ϩ
ڣһ氼ݷԲ׵ĴλãͣͷƳǺȻתԶߣ类ɫȾǳɭ֮͸޾ĺ⡣
ǰһξ룬ȵվŻʽͬǶŶ
ս֮ǰͬҲվ˭ʱ̡
ȸԼʩչǳ¶һ㵭ǻԣȻ˹
ѪӰ̻һѪ磬ǰߴȥ
Ѿһϰߣÿһս߶ѪӰΪʼȻһ籩һĹ˵˼ĿѪÿÿӵޡ
ȻҲսʽõģڲɱ֮УûõսʽΨһҪǵľ̵ʱڽɱ
ˣȻվŵģǱȻʤߡ
ߵѪӰѾӵ˼£ÿһ̤ͻѪЩѪȴʼձΧһ֮ڣûһ˿һɢȥ
ƵѪɱ£УԶǶо
ʱǵУֻٶȳ߳ȴ˿оκεв
ŲһӴҪԼյﵽˣʲôֻǼӳǳٶѾ˽ӽһҲԥһɲǣ߾ѾһĲӰ嵽ĸǰ
ȻһٶȫϣǽթײеıηĳķȻȥ޴ӰһСɽһľ硣
۽һĨѪ죬еĻʽ˲䱻Ѫȼŭ翪բĺˮŻʽкʺѪ˲ܳߣ
עĪĻʽǰһߣֱظ
ֱʱӴɱ˲ų
Ǹо˿ֲɱʱ·Ѿ̶ݺи֯γһŴħһظ
Σĺͷǿ־ȴʵޱȣѾ˿յǰצѸҪܣΪʱ
ѪɫĽջһϰһŵȾѪõ壬ڸǡ
ſ³һѪлʽһתȻٴδ̳
ƵĴ˼ʮ£йƤһ̱ڵء


456 Ų
նɱǣֻϢ˲СʱȻͰʬȡһöȭͷСǾʯöֳҫ۵ǳɫǾʯȷľʯҪ̺࣬ǲøı㣬СľʯֻҪмʮ飬ͿɾǾĵڶ죬졣
쾳һǿԼ꣬һǿԲһֶ˺һᣬܹʩչǿ߱¾һָ
¾һֱָ꣬ɱ֮УûУȫӰȥٿ磬ֻҪǿȱԼ͵ģֱһܹԷɱֱӽɱκεĺۼ
߳˽⵽¾һָЧ֮ѲҲ̲סЩ
ǿ꣬¾һֱָ꣬Чȫܹѹˡ
ݵϲ̻֮ع鵽ʵ޾ǿ췱ǣֻҪţ͵ʱʱ̶̿ıأΨֹսܹԼĵȾãܹ̤ǿ֮·
Ŀ꣬һǵľʯֻǲ׺һôС
ߵĵٶںϵսǿÿһս磬ٴζҪϢü²ָܹ⻹ųǿĻָǰ£ӵŽڲ֮һָѾˡ
ޱ߼ʵУ߲֪ʱıţɱš
ʱˮһȥȻÿһεսɼ׿ÿһս֮ܵ˶ǳأջľʯȴԵ֤ڲϵĳɳš
֮ʱȻģȴûУ෴ģÿһˣܹԼ֪Լ˶೤ʱ䡣
һ߶һóҵиͷͺӵʱŻȻ֣Լ֪֮֮оȻѾ˽ʮ꣡
ֹƴɱ˶ױˣʱһѴĥľʼų貵Ĺ⻪
ں̤磬ò˥ϵʮֻȻѾȥ˶ʮ꣬ǴʱȥֻǱǰ˼ģֻȴѾɽȻһѹɢֹ
Ȼ֮Ȼܵǿֹѹƣʵ쾳۷޷ٶߵսҪԽڽ֮ǰ磡
£ʮسԽڣ񻰴˵ǲڵĶȴܹеĸоԼĿǰʵԿԺڵʿս
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֤һ㣬ǾⲿǳĴ磡
һͻȼϵǿߺüζ
ҲҪп֮ãҪﵽ񾳣̽˵Ĺ켣Ӷس֮ߵķ˵ʮֵңԶ
֮ңԶ߲ȥǣǰҪģǽǾӸߵľ硣
޾ǳ֮ȫʡȥȺ֮תΪọ̃һ̤ҪĴǾľ磬Ҫϰٱ
ʮ꣬ٴʮ꣡
߾һ̸ж
һߵľңԶһ˺üʯЩʯǿʯһǼ֪ʶݣеҲδǿļء
е̽أ򱻴ԵĻֳмصٶദÿһ˼ʮƽұ
֮̽٣µʮģֻǴԵᵽ̶Ȳ򣬶ҵбǿڡ
طнܵĸϸʯڣֻûп
ʮ֮۳ƣӦŲƣŲƿնУȻ벻ǺԶǺͽߵͿշȾţһ㣬ڲ÷ǳ֮õ£ŲƼαĿܡ
ȻҲûĿģŲ֮õѰҺ׷ɱĿ꣬ǿӲ¾һָǾʯԴԴϵĻΪǳ֮뵽ϵС
ʱⶫ벻⣬ܻϢţٴλȻʮȥʱȻ֣ԼѾҪ۳Ǿ߲ˡ
죬Ǿ߲죬һһ޶ɱ䣬߶⡣
ĳһʩչŲƳһƬİʱķһͷͷͬȥں˾ʯ
һĻ߶ʱһݣѵ˵֮ߵˣ


457 ǿµʧ
˵ಢֻ֣ǰʮʱδһۼྭѾǱĬΪֻһڹ¶ߡ
ͻȻ˿µĺۼЩȡ
Ҳǹ¶̫ãۼȥ뿴һʲôˡ
ȥЩˣʬϵսۼжһ񶷣˫˴ֻԵµǻ۾յˡ
Ǹɱʮа˾ǶĳһĽˣ˵Ǿʯ֮еĻǾһߵ̫Զ
жϳЩ߾һЩʱڷԲǧķΧѰһ£ֻҪɱ߻Χ֮ڣأӲ۾
ɱֶΪɫˣɱҪѰʲôȫ޷ӳߡ
Ϊɫɱ֣ټŲ˲Ϣľ룬ܹڶʱڽԲǧķλһ顣
һ¼䣬֪ƬΪҰ֮أΪʵǺǿԼܹڶʱնɱһͷǿұ֤Լ
һ죬Ѱ˷ԲķΧûзɱߵĴڣֻһЩۼҵˣͬʱȷһ
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죬뾶ǰƽȻûջ
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Ҳ̫¶ˣ˵ĵʹ
û;Ҳû׷̫ʱ䣬ΪѭѪζֱܹʩչŲƣȡ˻ٷеķʽ·ӴŽնɱ
˹ȥ죬һƬֲïʢɽ֮Уɽϵֲ߶ʶ̺ǳ֮ȥ˸ǳĹԡ
УǻԵС֮С
ɽֲܹ׼ȷĴв׽ǹѪԴƬɽ֮У
Ų룬̤ڻĲ֮ϣ˿ûпԼϢûȥԼŲص뿴Լô֣ԷôķӦ
߲ûʧܿͿԼҪĶ
˸һǳɫâϢĴߵʺ
âķɿ죬ֻȴӲߵ۾ܹӿ˶â켣жϳһɫķУֻĴָС
ҲûСһֻУԸо̺ǿǳ֮ҲȫԺӵġ
̧֣лʽһ㣬׼ȷӭķУײ𣬷лΪε䵽ϡ
ӵĳֻ֮ƿշͬĽǶȴߵʺࡣ
еĹ·ѡʮ׼ȷȫ㣬˿ûƫһκһɥΣա
ѷеĹ·ߣȷˣԷȷһ࣬˵Ǻ༫Ƶ壬ĻҲ˽Ĵ㡣
ɡ
ߺһлʽٶȳ赭дٴνֻе
Էû֣ӦߵֻһƬУʮ֧ڿɢһƬɫԣ߸ǹ
üлʽӿϴǳ֮ٸԼӳǳͬʱӰ˲们Ų۱ãһ֮㽫ȫ䡣
ζԷţûзٷɳˡ
ǰ˼ʽͻȻ׵ԱһģĿռͻȻҵĲһӰӴи֣ѸٵĴģΪ
ӰһǳɫĽ棬ֻһߣԵǳ֮ӿ·ȫʵǳ֮۶ɡ
ʽ׼ȷļסһν棬ܴ
Žһֻ˺ɫ׵֣Ȼ¶ѩֱۡ
ȻǸŮˡ
Щ죬û뵽Լ׷ʮյɱߣȻһŮˣһװ۵СŮˡ


458 
κһ˵ʮˣǾԲһ˸˵飬Ҳ⡣
֮ߣΣսս޴ڡ£ʵΪµĲսɱ޵ԨĹ¼ţһʹĥȻһϰ˹¶įɱ֣ҲֻǿˣͿ֪ˡ
ҲǺܶ޷ʱȥҪԭ򣬶ЩˣܽĻһֻôһΣȴҲòڷ֮ǰԼȥ
лʽûƿ˫ϸĴŮˡ
ͷߣòԲ۾Сɵıӣ˵С죬һпȥᣬɬŮͷ̣ܶǳһɫȥҲ޼ģǾ򵥵ȥߵҵĸƵġ
ļܰ׺ۣһƾɵĽʿװ˫ִһ˫ɫף¶ļϺܶط˺ۣǰսʱµġ
ʱվǰбϵĶ̽ڻʽϣֱ࣬һѶ̽
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һͷ͵Сĸ˫۳Ķߡ
ƯŮˡ
һܽԵۣžջ˻ʽͬʱ˼վɲʱ˸ͻȻϮˡ
ŮˣŮôˣ
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ŮŴһ㲻ɱ
̹Ȼ
ȷǰ²ɱŮ˵ĵӣΪΣԼҲ˵
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Ҳʧˣ
Ůͬ˼ž״̬
Ѿˣ˺ǿԼ򲻹ҲûҪƴɡ
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һ㶣漴ǣȻлصԼĵ·ô˵ʧˣ
ͨʱմǲһֱȶģ෴ཨĴ󶼲ȶһ𻵣ôͨ˻Ͼû˹·Ϊܹҵļ΢΢ǧ궼Ҳ£Ψһȴǵľǹ¼ŵ۷壬շ裬Ȼӭ
ܴܲ뿪
Ů˫ȻϣߣЩ
·κһʧ˵޷ܵġ
һ£˵ҵ粻һ磬һҵ磬ԶҲزȥˡ
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Ů˼ֱӸ˿϶Ĵ𰸡
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ŮȻ˶̽Ȼ˼˵ȻˣǾҵķʽӭҵľ߰ɡ
˵꣬־סǰһʿװֱ˺ѩҫͦα˼µ˳˵ķɫʱһڸ
ǴΪҴȥĴ𣿡
ǿڵĳȣʵ
ǰɣܰҴطҵľߣɣ
⻰ߵĸоʱЩ죬ôôǴһζ̾ʹŮпͬȵɣѾǶɺʿĿһֿ
ǣˣҲޱߵĹ¼֮ڴͿԵζ
ðɣȻˣҽܡ
ûκȵǰֱ࣬ӾһͷݷµĲǣѸ͵ĳȥ

߿֮д˻ƣ߸о˲䱻һųȵĺΧʶ֮Ψʣ˵ս
ˣɲһ˲ȼܡ
ĳɱ֮󣬶Ѿ泯޹˼ɵڵϣ㲻ա
߲֮ų˿˵ڿҿˡ
ŮתͷӶߣȻҧСݷݵ˵ǵһΣôܿ
Ʋ˵ܵڼΣǺҪӣ˵һζô
ŮƲͷ˵

˲ٶ죬ս֮ǽƣȺͺüͷǿսһۡ
Ҳòϣֱеļ¡
ζһȻʣ֣УڶҵŮˣ֪ܵ
ҽϣҵǳ磬ǺͬһеС
ǳ磿Ŷ
ߺȻԼԴȻǴսζһֱӽߵСѹȥ
ʲôۣ




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Щǲ˶ãʱʱմѣҲȥ·ޱ߼ʵεΪгһܹͨĴ󣬿ûмȥˡ
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񼶲ɵĽԽԽ࣬ԽԽ󣬲Ҳǧٹ֣Ȼвֻ֣ǿҲߴ۽硣

߼䣬Ȼע⵽ǰһķȻ֮䷢˱仯ϸһŻȻԭԼһֱΧЩ񼶲Ȼûע⵽Ǹһ
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ȻˣĪ˽ˣװʱֳֳͬ˫ᣬΨһͬǣ˵ĳһԣĳӡ
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ϵĽͣҲ漴Ȼˣ˵ıѣ˵͵ͬǻһֻȮѡ
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ͯŲٵܣƺ֪ܶ೬ĴĶκһʿǿ˵޿ϡ
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鲢ûʱƣֻҪԼϵıǿһܹ
׿飬̴Ϣһ뿪ʵѹƱѸٽָȫʢʱڣ֮аܹɳεȾ磬Ϳˡ
ϣȽϰȫľҲҪָǾָ֮ٳȥ
߽һ䣬۾ʼȫĵĸܼľ޴仯
Ҳһߣڽ֮ǰѾ۾ʵָ֮ľֻøߣήͣٵߵĻҪǿ
ϺСϵľڴòϿȻûκεı仯û֪ʱ˿мλǿߺճ

˿Զ֮أǬɽϿգһͷͨʮ׳ľʹסڿ裬ʱʱķС
ĺϣӭվһˣ췢𣬱ڷ硣
ڷѾٵͷȥѾ׻ΪʥأǬɽȥһ㣬ʥᰲڣ
ֻ˫۲ͣɨܣκοռ϶Źʮȥˣҡɵսĵȴʧʮ꣡
˷ǣʥȴһƬԶȥѾĳһ䣿
ڷȻ˫ЩɬԴӵõս֮еĵλ죬õԴǶһ޶̶ʮ꣬ͻƽʥ磬ǷŵҲԳƵеˣֻľȴһֱһ޷ԲһǾߡ
ŵĲδ֣ΪĹڷ˵ʧŵ
һӥǬɽһͷʥΪһڵػߣûк֮ǣֻû뵽ǣʥΪ棡
ڷ̧ͷգұʴ֮ʦ㸴𡣡
ɫԶһâɳ۶𣺡磬гˣ
ڷɫһݣʲôˣ
ԭ峤һ£Ұ͵ȥˣɫȻǵͨ졣
ң
ڷѸһ˿˼һʶ뵽ӥԺУڿնΪһ糯֮ضȥ


465 Ѿõĵȴ
ڷ˷֮أӥǬɽʥصķ֮Ϊһ䵽ϣӰ֮һݸӸĺڷڷ浱С
ޣгա
ΪĹػߣμԼʹڷδ֮ȻڷԸôȻûκΥ˼
Ҳܺ棬ʲôһˣȻܹ֮
ҹɫŨնڷһʯϣôš
ڷҪȣֱһǸ˻ȥ
ʱڳ˵ѱúܵܵʱţʮ꣬ԵȥֻҪڷ粻ٻ㲻ȥ
ҹˣ֮俪ʼʲôڲǻţֵͳ˻һ¾;˳ա
վһ˫ӥɨΧ޾ĺҹ˵ûκ壬ӥвڻ谵䣬ܿͿ˻Դ
һͷ˫ɺĹǣ޴ȥֲѪ۾Ķվڷĳա
ֻһۣûпȥȤˣͷ̫ˣûе龳磬һͷǣʲôأ
Ҫȥ㾪ȵķͷǷһǺȻ
˼
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˫»նΧ˲ݺύ硣
ѵˮһ˫ն䣬ȻӰһ˲ߣĹ赭дȴͬСɣٶȻ涼˺ôһأڳյĹȻûжܵĿܣǵĺ϶ʱֲ˿ڡ
֪ԼǿڵĶ֣Ȼ˵ҵ˲Źģ
ˣ
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ϣղûȦӣֱӿżɽ˵ԼԵɡ
˳յĽͣû˵ʲôֻǷڵϰ˿ڡ
ͷǣǴڡ
ڵޣȻʮȥʵչĲ죬ʥش֮ʱǬɽڵ֮˽٣ΨģһֱغǬɽȴߵĹ
֮󣬴ںȻڵǲ˻ġ
֮ѡ
ֻ˵ôһ䣬Ϊ֮Ӧûôȴû˵
ʱţգ۱һ¹ȥˣպʹǬɽϣû뿪ͷǸŸԵִţһ˫ж

һ£һ£߶ޱ޼ʵ֮УƮҡĹҶʱе߸Ŀܣѹõ·𳹵緢ĻɽŵصԨ޾һԴԴϵͳ
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һʱѾȫָ˽֮ǰʵȻڵ죬ɹͻ磬ʥԪ̤꣬ʥ硣
ʥ磬һľ磬ʥ磬ɾĲֻ֮Ҫ겻𣬾ͿתʥԪµ
ھʮﵽʥ磬֪ԶԶûнҡ
ȻĴ磬ʱѾޱʵߴʱȴȻʱţֻһζתһпԵĻܺץסһлᣬߴ
Ȼֲִľٶ߶ЩѾȫȻˣֻҪһڣκų
ͯǸ˴ְͼĿγһȻϣֻҪʼǿ֣߳޷͸
ʮգʮգʮգڶʮգ߽ŲƵľ辡뵽֮У֮еǳ֮ͻƵ۾㱻ͻĴֱӴңǿȥˣһ;ÿһֲۣҲǳ롣
۾տռصķռ֮ǰѽƵĻ
ʱҲĸоǹĳѾˣͼߵĲΣǽЩ£еʵ
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ŮˣߺȻд󳩣΢Цȥ
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466 
Ƹһս֮˫Ļļʵҵڲڣ
˸Ƥ˵ҲѾˣҸоǳԿˡ

ʱ߳ߣڿշ𣬳űȥ
ϵʵҲѾ׻ָ˺ܴߣѾﵽ˿ֲۺھ磬߶ֻǺǿһսҪսʤܣ˵սĲϡ
ɳϺֱ֮Ӷǳ֮ʩչŲƣȻĴеǳ֮Ҫ֮ԹͨĶ࣬Ƕ˵ҪҲֻʱ䳤һˣں
ʩչŲƵͬŽʩչٶȿ쵽£һ칦͵˻֮о˱۵Ϣ
߲ûȥֱǣͨطȥ˼Ϣ֮ԭ·ļűߡ
һ·ڲϵĸĴ棬ĴǳĲ̫֮ͬ࣬϶ոµе˷ܡ
̤֮ݡ
ո·ɽͣипѣ֪Լ뿪˶ãһꣿꣿꣿ
𰸺ܿͻ֪ˣҪ˶ܹصǬɽôʱȥˣǰСһǸû˺ܴĽɣѾеͻ쾳磿
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λҪԼųǿ֮·ģõĽʥͽǧ䣬Ǹһΰҵ
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ŵѾﵽһոµ̨ףһֱָͨǬɽ
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ֵ߳˲䣬·ͻȻһǿϢһӰ𣬳߷ײǿķ쳹ǬɽϿա

ߴʱоκˣо˹Ҳֱ̧֮ǵ֮еǳ֮ʩչ¾һָ
ʱߵԺкȻһٵ˵ˣҪɱ
߶ʱһָ΢΢ƫбͬʱ¾һָ˲ɢΪƣӭֱ¸߿ա
ڣ𣿡
ѸٽʶȥͬʱӸ߿
̤ѳɷأ߻عϲ˲仯ΪУʱȻûжı仯޷ѹƵŭѾӿʵԵĺɫһϡ
̧ͷԶһָµĳ첽ܹ
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ӪľӸɵģ
ŵȭͷЩףӪռƻкĿܵģǾĿǰ߲뷨
Ҵһ£ӪľӲûɨƽ˵ݵļһǬɽ
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˵꣬߻֮Ԫӿڵڣ˲ôڴ֮Уڵأʱܹ龳
ЩŽתһԵĳա
˭
ջֶһʶ˵㿴֪ˡ


467 ʿһ
ֽӹʶΪϸָ䡣
Ƭ֪֮һС
ԭڷģҲãͺʹһ֮ڰеϢǡ
Ը
߲˵վڷ棬·ʱ˿̣ٴλָǰֹ¶ڰӡ
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ɽһɽϮȥŵӵĵطڼȻ˵ɽô˼
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ʥѾ˷棬յٲڣ˿̤ϣÿһĶʹ
ɽľܽȴ˺ܾá
ΪĶԸ⿴
գǵˡ
ɽĻĲ֮䣬ȻĹ
ߺȻоƤЩأǾǿ̧ͷȥ
ѩ壬֮ߣԴϡ
һϤֳ׻ΪҲƲסͻȻ췢һĳХ˫ͨһ棬ڼӲҳӡ
ȻˣǾѪɺӰɡ
֪˶ã߲ŻȻվ˵һ䣬ӵץһѳÿ˵ķĹһѣȻתͷϡ
ϣ㵽֮ȥһˣϢˣ׿һлңչ֮ڲͲˡ
˵ֵ꣬ݸʶ⵱аҪݵϢԼڵݡ
գ᲻̫ˡ
ֽӹʶС˵
Ǿհɣȥɡ
ϵͷתȥ
ҹǬɽǺ߶һںɽķĹǰ棬ܡ
֮󣬴ںͳ׼ʱҴҪϢ
ڽѾ²߰˷ֵߣȴǴ⣬ԭΪӦǳฮīٴ֣û뵽ȻݵĴзݣ۷ڣ
ˣô죿
Ҳܹеĸоߵŭ
֪֪˶ȥ
ʥر٣ս⣬˵ټҲҪ֪ġ
ֻ֪׻ȥˣûκεټ

û˵ʲôȡ
ϣϴ˻ˣһǻ½һǱҶԪɡ
ֻǱŻģǵٶȸ޷ۺھϣյޣҲȫܵ
˸һֱӶԪ˻ָ˲١
ʲô飬ô
½Ϣʡ
߲ûֱӻشǰѼ˶һۣȻ䵽˼µ˵ӽҹʼݾǵԳ쾳쾳ϵʿһɱһжɱ٣һᴫһŷԽǵΪתΪá
̧֣ÿһ˵ʶȻ˻֡
⣬ҪȫΪУ
½ЩԥɲǿЦģɱһݵʿȻעӣʱǿ߽٣ò׵Ҫˡ
ҪҾɱ㡣
ͷҲûлأȴս
ɱ˱ɱˣʲô˼ɵģҿһԽԽˡ
ҶԪɳ½һͨɧ
ںͳ뿪Ȼ½ҶԪɡѾ˵ľٶˣҲòĬˡ
ɱ̫ˡ

һΪУҾɱһˣһΪУҾɱһ
ҹգ˵
Ũҹɫ֮УϿյҹ翪ʼöȻƺҲΪߵĸŽǡ
ݵʿڶ࣬ʵǿߴ󸮺ִ۷֮⣬кܶʵɣЩСɣΪߴԼ۷һľͳͳ֮֡
ߵĵһվûѡͽīңԶֱฮһߴ֮ףڶĵ൱ۺ񣬶Ҿ˵ฮֹһλʥǿߡ
˵ѾûˣҪǳฮӴᰳ
峿ʮ֣Ĺǻδҹ֮гѣС֮ȴѾвػشˣǶæµš
ʱ˶׷̧ͷգڸɾͻȻһɫһֱӵʵľͷɫϻӰǿȥߴ󣬵ȴһȻѹԶԶĶо
𣿡
аԲ²ţټĹǺܿ㱻ɫ֡
ڹǵ룬һ޴ɫȺУȻһХһӰֱܳŶȥ
ѾīҳǱϿյߴ˿΢΢۾λǰˡ
ฮʥ֮һ಻ܡ


468 ʿ
಻ܿȥֻʮµͣʵӦǴǿʢʱڣΪѾõʥǿߣݵͷʮֵĴڴڽ߶˵ǿߴڡ
λҹǺ£
಻ȻܹӶԷϸоŨɱԼǿʵΪҵǿߣǶȻܹġ
ණţɱͽձҾӡ
˿Լɱ಻ȻǿǴʱ˿Уһʬû
㣡ң
һ⻰಻ܶʱɫ䣬ණͬʥص֪ģණ֪ʥصֻһʿѣвĬණΪ˭л뵽ʱգ̤ѰģȻ۾ǿߣ
Ҹң
ͻȻЦһָ಻һָЦ̾ͻ֪Ҹǲң
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һָѾŨǳ֮ѹ˼£಻ܶ޷оһĨ֮е׳˶вֻǲĿǵ޷ɫȻڽӴԼ˲ͶȻʧ
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಻ܵ峹ʧȥ·ȥ
һָĨɱʥǿߣеŭû˶Ҳ׹ȥʬ壬ǽ̤ฮȺϿյĺģȻ߶ΧĻԪ糱ˮһӿ
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˵꣬ͻȻ֮仯Ϊһ買âȫ۵һ𣬺޻ڵĳߡ
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㣡
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һгرˣγҲŵʱ֣ҲŹа飬ƫƫûôɱǵˣ
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ͼռͯΪණ׼λãλܹĿΧһУҲֻܿŶѣ˵ĿܶûС
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߽̤գ˲Ϣʱ䲻صǬɽ
һ֮ǣֱɱң
Ϣ̶̰չ㴫ݣСľսһʱ֮ڶַ׷״ӱչ֮ǰ۷ǣֲָбΪͬʱϣ۷ǳͷħͷѹ
Щ˵УǵղμӹΧǬɽΪǶǺණֹģȻҹ걻ţôվӲߵı߸֮һĳฮָ֮ͱĨɱʲôֿ֮
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ȻҲǱڶһУǸԹˡ
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۽һԺĵԽԽûнˡ

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վԭزֻ΢Ķһ£ʮڵԺӾ߷һɳȻصڵϡ
ĹˣԺҰҽѵ㣡
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߻ʱ򣬱ǹһǹâէȻֵһᣬ⾳浹Щˡ
գ֮䣬ǹǹ㵽߸ǰ֮ڡ
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һ˾Ȼסǹ⣬ʱһϲҪþȴȻֳǹѾĪܵ˵
ʱ󾪣˫ȭĿߡ
Сޣǹġ
ָһǹʱԣ˫ǹȻǰһ㣬û˿йףǱǹָĵ棬˲䱬ѿһһ߿ʮ׳Ĺֱ㱻
꾪ȵŴͣˡ
һǹѾȫʶΧ
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ʱԶһɳƵ̧ͷ㿴һŮ߹
Ůݲ԰ףŲḡʮվʱȻס
ŷʦ㣬ҡ
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ǹкüǧǹͷġ
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ǿϲѣȻµòǹȴҲ۾ϸͣȻ˵ǹģǾһˣһ㣬Ҳ˵Ϊʲô˼ţֻİûɵĺš
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Ͽգߺվ
ڵţӽڶҪ鸽ңŸ߲Ѹٳң
ޱȵص̿Ⱥɽѡ
ߵһڣԭѾеŷȺȻվɫ֮ȥߵſڣȴԥվ֪Ǹóȥǲóȥ
һգ̾˶Զıɹ֮кܿӰɳգ֮ǰλá
ʱֵˣȫϵãһǱŷ꣬һǱ̫ϳϳԶ
˵ʵݸŵҲǿߣڵʵԿ¶ŷ껹ҪȳԶǿϼ֡
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471 
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ֻǳԶѾЩŭߵĻʦ棬Ҫ֪ôǿҲı䲻Ǳµӵʵ
Ǹı䲻ˣӦýңΪһ㣬ҲŻԵһˣǻ֪Ҹµʲô

ŷڿˣֻʵȴǹϵڵ顣
߲ÿɷֻǵӦ֮ݽʿʥʲôĸУ

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⻰˵ĸ޷̣
ԶҸ㣬һǸܼǳˣѾٶ˵һ䣬ձ
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ԭԺϾһɣ¶ΪϤߵˣʱ߿նţֿ̫ϳϳԶѾʱʧɫҪǰѯʣȴأʼղ̤һ
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472 ɽ
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֪ǵĲ󣬴֮ǻΪ׵أҸӿֲǹûмܹӳȥٷ֮ʮŵŵ˶ڳС
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һĻæ˿ֲʵѹиоӡһξ۷ǣڿѩ۰ױʱ


473 ı
ʱѾҲûκε˼ˣȻòЩ仯ǶǾ֮ĺۼվߣһȻ֣һиǸӣʵѾĪı仯
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ҡҡͷ˵ȥɣ£Ӧġ


474 
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ߵֶΣȻûвȡǿӲ̬ȣҪ֪ţߵֶҲҪǿӲĶࡣ
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Ҫչǣ򣬸ǴҪʿĺݻӱȻǸ֮ǲΪԼ룬ҲҪΪ۷ǵǧ롣
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475 
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ƳУнϵһС棬ɫĿһûмСͷ
ʱߵɫЩÿСͷװݣ˫󣬻¸ɢһɴ̱ǵһ˫īǽīˮӥצӡ
ʱСͷߵʣȻûһ߶µһƾƺǹơ
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ȥҪ˶ãܹСͷгĩ
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Ϣ󣬵ȴ˺ü飬ֱɫ֡
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ĴָʳָһСͷ곹ױ顣
Ȼ֣ǰĻ󹦷һ˵Ӱ㻭˳
һŮӰ񣬿ȥ൱֮гżᶨ
߶Ӱ񣬳ĬãȻͻȻЦ

ЦЪ˹ףЦʮӣᶼЦŰݣǰӰ𽥵ʧ
ԱߵϿЩ㤣۾ĸ־ȻЦľ⵽˼Ż֣Ȼʧصı
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뿪Ƴǣ߲ûȥݵطֱӻصǬɽϷϢ˶ټԼǶǬɽɽϣһԲ
ʶӰеŮī
ȻȥСŮѾͤͤŮȴߵļ̵ӡǾīд
飬īΪ֮Ļƶ
ʶϣͷβĻƶʹͲ߻߲īһмֿԼ㡣
ߵļУīһֱһϲľ˼µŮСʱһԵص㣬Цȴ֡
ԵģҪȥԵģ㲻ȥԣôɡ
֪˶ã˵
ߵľٶȻܹ³Եɡ
̧ͷѪȾĺϼ˵˵ûԵҪȥԵģһһȥ͹ˡ
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476 ѵľ
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ô
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ණ϶ĴߵԺУʱѾڱصٴҲ
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ңңչһбپǰ
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ѾһУΨˣĺ£Լʮļ尾ͷ羵ˮһңɼ
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480 һ
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481 һָ
˵Ĺ½ҶԪǽħߡ
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벻ϵʵҲֱһ̤۷壡
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493 ȥ
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竵ӵսľĻشߵ⣬Ҳ˵
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494 Ϣ
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ϾһĿͶѵõЦЦ˵û¶ҵġ

м˶ʱ
ż˶˵˵ĸֱӣһ˾ͽѣһǲţھȥֻں˴սҪ֪ѵΪһء

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495 һ֮
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УĻһԼ鷿棬ĻкĻ̶վһԣ˶˵һ仰ĻͻȻ֮ö˶֪ԡ
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ȻһĻ̾ʹϲѣֻϧ֪Ů˵Ȼ۷ǣȴһ仰˵һʧģ
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ʲôˣôִٸۡ͵ظɱ
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仰ĻƻĻУһҺԼûжŮʲôҪȻǲʰˡ


496 
ʱϳ˿ûбӹ˿ɡ
߸硣
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ѾʮδˣҲΪѾĳһ䣬Ҳ޷ˣͻȻǰǾϲá
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497 ӳѩɽׯ
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ۺڣҪ׼ʾ̽ûдĻԵʮ궼пܡ
֪һ;겻ãȻԼʵǲǿͻƣ޷صδ֪
ۼױȻûлļٶȽҵ֮С
תۼӽʮչȥޱȣȻûаױļĨȥԱصĺģ˽ȥ
˵ǲýصģҲʵˣֻҪʲôҲˣױȻ֪Ҳ
֮㣬һصĻԣֲ컨ӾһӨǽڣȻǲ󷨡
̤صʱصǽֻ˸˼ȦĿı⣬Ȼ޶
ױ֪Լᵽƶˡ
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Ѫľ
һһ߶೤ĺɫֲﾹȻǺѪľ
ѪľһЩֲһЩһϹ֣ܹΪѪѪ֮Ѫ֮У̻Ϊֲ
Ѫľߵһʱ뵽飬鲻ҪѪ
һ㹻ѪƲõĽͻٶѹ
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뿪Сңշת֮һСɱµı¥ǰ˵һǰױˡ
̤¥󣬱һɵУȻĴ⣬ȴоһ⣬⵹߾治ѡ
¥㣬ߵ¥֮ʱһϢ˲䱻֪Щȵ̧ͷȥǱɫʯ񴲣ɫĻ
ֻһ֮£ʱ󾪣Ϊǵ֮ϾȻԼɼһˣ


498 Ҫɽ٣
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İױ̿վĻߡ
ױӹһ˿ȣΪһЦݣ˵ˣҵþˡ

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ױɫЩ԰ףѩһľӨ⻰ɵЦ㻹ˣ

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ױ˸޳Ⱥڵ񴲴棬µĵγˣƻʧܣǾһӻġ
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һ㶣νĲƻʲôôһŶûУױǿ߶Ǿһɴ˿ɼνĲƻ絶ɽһˡ
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ױ̾˿ĶϣһΪֵϣ˵ȥǸоڷܣʵˣ޷ı䡣
Ϣ˺һӣܸоЩ˼飬ôͻȻ֮Ĵ᧿ΣˣټһôͻȻҪ
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һֱĬױȻЩʵ
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ЩɻԼͰױ򽻵Ĵ࣬ׯǼ̵棬ױǶ࿴һ֪ġ
һ˵ҰҵĽһ𣬻˵㵱Ҷɽٵý顣ױһԴǣһֺ˵

߲ԣɽ֪ǻû˵˰һɽٵġ
ǵģ̤߾ҾоųɵİգΨһʼδ֪ԡ
ױ˵ͣˮһӶסߡ
٣⡭
Ҳˣѵ˵ױǴԼһҵİ鲻ɣ
ô
⵱Щ˼
°֪ͣô
ЩģױȻһЦȻûǰͬ⣬ҲԿŶ

ðɣԿ
ߵˡ
˵ıȽأʵʮ²ɣﵽʲôľ綼ѿ˵գܸܲҴϲ
ױ
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ױһʱûӦ;Ѿ̤۾
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ǡھɽ٣
ױĵһЦѩָ˹


499 ɽ
ױ˺ľٶ߶ʱȻ
ɽ٣ʲô٣
ȻǶ۽ˣɽٳɹĻҾͿ̤ʾһҵƣܹҵΪһ㡣
ױش
Ľͣ߶ʱüͷЦɽٿɲ˵ɾܶɵģʿ֮꣬Ҳ壬д䣬еΪɽʧܶǿ߱ʸߴɣɼɽ֮ʲá
ĪҪЦɽٿǾһ֮£ʱӳ飬򲻿ɲ¡
Ŀǰױɽٲõġ
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ױֵһ֣Ȼ֪Ҫɵʲô𣿡
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ױЦԲΨһڲ㣬ѾȫҲްֻܰ˵ˣҪκεɻ󡣡
һ㶣Ȼˣǲ֪۴ǵһִҪðնУҲ޻˵㻤ǡ
ĸҪ㻤
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߶ʱס⣬ƺԼЩһ㲻ҪɽѵҪô
ױݷ˵ֱһѽȥӲǰڴϣ󵭵˵˷ɽ٣׼ʮ꣬ȻΨһʼ޷̽ߣ˼ȥҲվ֪ôӺ֡
һߣҲ֪֮ˣǵԾڷ֮䣬ȻͨɵҲ͸²͸ֱ۷żȻ㡣
˵ȻЩԳЦЦ˵ҲעʲôģҪȻ㣬ôһپϡ

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ȻױòǣǸ˶ܲģ˵ǹܶں棬Ǹʲô˵ǣ۴٣ɲģ
벻ǣҶҪһԣҲҪռ˱ˣΪ٣ǧһˣܹ˴ʹҶɽٳɹ˵һҪлǡ
ױѾ˺ܾãȻҲ˵ƽɡ
ǡ
ߺȻԼôͱôˣ˵ֺ¿ɲ˭ܹõģôԼǸоô̤ʵأѵ˵ΪױԼ߸Ĵ
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߶ʱЩɥ°ױдˣֻûѡ
Ͳ֪ˣ߲֮ġ

˵ϣҲû취˵ʲôˣ˭֪Լ»ģµͻһưˡ
ðɣǣɽ١
˼˦ּ󷨶ȥȻ룬־òȫͽ¾żóֱ𰲷ڷΧ󷨽ƣŷġ
æЩٴλص񴲸ǰױȴǾڴϣѾ۾
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ӳѩɽׯȥȻƽֻƬ֮󣬿пɼƬƬɽׯѸۣ󹦷򣬺īҴܵĵ绡


500 ɽٽʱһ
ӳѩɽׯϿܲ˸ҫޱȣѩɫĳ£Եֲ
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ӳü˼Цղ˱Ȼǿ磬˳ڶɽ٣Ʋʥپǵ۽١
Աͬ׷׵ͷǣƸǶģһ֪һĽ
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뵽ˣҶͨתӳʣû𣿡
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ҲվŵһλĴ󺺣òԼĪʮ꣬һ𣬴ţֻɫԵò԰鸡Ʋᡣ
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΢Уһ£ҲѾͷҲ֪ʱҲǸı·ʱˡ
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ǺǣͷԷɣĿѾˣҵٲı·¾ûг·ˡ
һְޱȵ˵
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˵ЦˣСŮǸ°ľͺñһ޴ѣأֻ񵰣˵ˣܲ𣿡

ȸνǡֱһλ۾ֿ˵ЩŲζֻԼˡ
ǺǣͻƵʾҪطѶȺܴ󰡡
̾һ䣬Ȼתȥ
ʣȸһۣҲ׷ȥ

ҶͨɽֱűȥȻû߼̤磬һȦȦѩ˲˷ӿֳƹ
Ҷͨ˫ۺݹִ֣Ź⣬ֱӽѩɢ
ߣƾʲôռñõĹһػ󣬽ҾӦٶ
Ҷͨɢػ


501 ɽٽʱ

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Ȼ˵Уȴоһ˿ĳ죬ֵĻ岻ûһ˿¶ȣҾǱ꺮һຮ˵ȥˣԼҪϵ
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ױʱ״ЩˣΪĳЩԭڴ󲿷ֵĽ׶߸ȥ䵽ϵѾ֮٣˿Ȼ꺮ȴûܵĳ
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ױԺ֮żǿתԪʱ¶ȾͻԽԽ֪ͣһ㣬ҲӦġ
ڣһжˡ
ŶǲвŮˣġ
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²˿æƽԼԪԴԴϵسŰױ͡
ߵԪ룬ױŻع¶Ҳ˲٣˵ɲǺ£¶ȻζŶɽٵĹ̽ӳ
УòãҪģ
ߺݺݵĵ˰ױһۣеǿν˼ģǹһ˰ɡ
ĬĳһױȻãˣҲµ󷨽类ƣ
⻰Ҳһ飬ʱˣǸǺã
һ뵽ʱԳױûбֳ̫ľȣԼǸƨǣ
ˣ
Ҷͨٴײ˽磬Ѿ߽֮ĵˣȻûпǸ˵Ӱӣо׵λƺҪЩ
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ȫ޷̣
Ҷͨ޹˼ɵֱƽ磬󲽳ߣҪʲô˾Ȼ˴󵨣

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ױЩͲסˣԼӱ˿ԺҲûټˡ
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Ҷͨ˿˵ķŭ޲̳ȥ˳˺ǰױңΧ϶²ֹһ󷨽磬Ӧƫڷ֣ɱ˵ķڣԶȻȥ
ൽ⣬Ҷͨһһɫľӳָһ㣬ϱ˸һ͵ĻԹ⣬ȻžӿʼΧɨӡ
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ߣɽٿɲһʱ飬Щ󣬾Ҫ
뵽Ҫ˶þܹǿɶնɱҶͨʱ泩˲٣ʼƽ󷨡

ѽ⣡
ȫעףױ䲻Ĵ
һһէģĳ£
߼æǳ⣬䲻һţųһ亹
ˣѾ⣬ҵķ󣡡
ױ˿ļˣа˭ôô
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˵ʵߵǲģǰǰ¾żȥģһ˲СĴ¾żĽƣ̾ͻ棬¾żΧɱ۾ĸ֣Ҳȫˣ
ǡͺá
ױʱѾЩңĻشֻ֮ʣºȻ˽ԼܾͲᱻ֣֮ɽٳɹ֮һжʰ


502 溦
ӳѩɽׯ֮С
׵ػݱҶͨȴǼĵһƽ֮Ѿ֮ʱֻҪԼȥ׽ˡպױαⶼѾˣ˾˵ԼһʱУ˭֪ͻȻԴ󷢣Լʧֽ
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ҲֲҶͨôʱ䣬ױֻһֻڰױصķʽɽٵʱſڲ󷨣ּ˼ȥҶ֪ͨĻƾΪٸߣҲҪ
赼һԪҶͨš

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Ʋȥˣץʱȹ̾硣
ߴʱ˿ûзƸ֮⣬ڰױֶ辶Ķɽٷʽ˵ʵڻǶȻҹͬȴҲ漣ĳɹˣɹˣҿνһ˫
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ˣױҲѸٵĻָԭ¶ȣʱůߵ壬߾͸оԼһֻڻĻ𼦣ʱð
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תסڷ糱Ѹٽ·һ£ԭϥ£ʼ赼ͻľ޴ջ
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ϲﵽ߾硣
ϲˡ
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Ǹǰûעɡ
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ҸոϹŶشĺܸɴ࣬˯Ѿã֪
Ҹո˯ѡ
ͯӸһһģһĴ𰸡

߶ʱһһԺ취Ǹס˲ǡ
²Щץʱȹó׵İʵȶʳڵľ磬һ൱Ĺ̡
ױȻҲ⣬ֻǺҵһȻͰȻڴϵϢ񣬲ȥ˼
ʱҶͨзʱʼŵλߡ
˼ҶͨȻЩԣһʱ˵ǰȴһȵ顣
ڷŰŵλãǷֱȭͷСĺɫżż̵ΩΩФߵżһѳұߵżһ
еȵǣ߳ʱżˣ
˶ˣͻȻ֮ͱûǸִżһˣͳϮżһ춯һֻֻӴС
ʲô
Ҷͨżоһɱ棬̺ˡ
ֱʱŻȻԼΪʲôﲻˣױķ乹ԴİɫΪżȴڵĸ̿ͷһֲûоﲻͷ
ʱҶͨȻûжٹЩżģ˵ʱ򣬺󾢷𣬶ʱ֪ɢ̿ԼҲͱֻͬżŹɱ
żͬʱҶִͨﵽ۾ĸ֣Ҳ˲âڱоǱһ߸һ
ۣ
Ҷͨſ³һԪ֮Ԫ֮˲仯Ϊһγͬʱгһż

пСż棬죬Ҷͨʱһ
ԼԪ֮ɲѰȻ޷ڲﶪż
ûҶͨףͿһżȻһ̶ļХżױ˺ģһŨѪ֮ѸͬʱżҲ˲١
ûҶͨĸżʱХ˲һˣ̱֮ŨѪ
ţżյһתѸٽҶͨΧ
żͬıȫ׼Ҷͨ
ģʲôа
ҶͨҲǼˣֹɵûֻŨѪ֮оЩÿһżвʥ۷ʵ͵ͬڱʥ۷ǿΧɱȻ۸֣Ҳв
У˵ز˾Ժ˵٣
ҶͨҲǵϣۿԼѶȣȻûȥҷ˵ĻˣֻһӵĻԪ塣
꣡
Ҷͨͼ壬żȴѾһöշɹͬʱƨ汻żĵһӣʱѪ
ģ
ҶͨдҲƵıƨɣͷҲɽ
żһ֮Ҳ׷ϣַɿĻصǰλϳװ


503 꼻
ҶͨǱµɽæסŲͷ˿ûпż׷ļŴ˿߶Ԫסƨϵ˿ڣϵĻۣʱա
Լôôأ
Լ۾֣ô˼ڲﶪż
Լս鶼ȥˣ
Ҷͨ޲ԼԼƣǰǱǼż׸Ūˣ뵹ҲӶѣԼֻҪսȻܹЩûĶˡ
۾ǿлռͣʱ룬żٶʵе죬»ռҲһܹȻ
ޣҼ㣡
Ҷͨ߰һ£תһĭʩʩȻɽȥˡ
󹦷µɽׯڣҶͨѾúʱˡ
Ҷͨӳ̾ӭȥ
ۣͨҼ۴λѣ
Ҷͨüë˼£ӳһȭͷȥҸҸϡõĳ嶯
ȣλڶɽٵĽҪͷûȥš
Ҷͨһ䣬Ʈ
۴ˣ
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ึˣԺҪͱἰ͵ҽû
֪ͨҪҼ۴һϲ𣿡
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ϲ
ϲƨ
Ҷͨһ䣬ɫеˣЩ㲻֪˵Ļˣ
˼ˣ
ӳһҶͨʼڣʱͲˣͷӦ

ӳѩɽׯϿյĽƳɢ֮ʱѾҹʱ֣ʱߺͰױȻԼ֮УǿҪռ̶ãȻĻִ֮еսпܻᵼ¾䣬»ص۾һ䣬ҪٴȻ죬˵ǽ
а߶ûС
һֱʱ֣߲Ż۾ʾʾȻˣ
ߵһֱɻʥΪʲôܹҵ̤;ӱϿ̤򣬵ͬڿռУô˵ֻҪﵽ۾磬ȫѰռҽһͨʵȴ
ҲԹγԣնûгɹ
ֱŻȻףʱռ䣬ȻȥͬĸǴӸϽ޷ָģʱĿռ䶼޷ȥģ絥˿ռ֮Ǹ޷ͨһ
ֻ̤ʾѰռ䣬ͨռŵĿܣ
ȻЩֻʶˣںʱܹգһδ֪
һΪľ۵ĵ꣬ЩƫԼйҪ֪йһɱ¾УӵһѪ翪ʼȻڶɱ¾֮ģɱ¾֮꣬ɱ¾֮Ӱⴿһߵڵɱ¾֮ȴ⡣
꣬Ϊ꼻һܸʫ֣Һζ˲˴ϵİױ׾Ө꼻ǸѩһŮˡ
̲סЦһ£ȻһһԹȼ𣬽žͿһ׵ĹѸٵųһ糵ֵĽ꼻

ٻ꼻֮󣬺Ȼ־Ȼ޷쵽굽ʲôôȴᵽһŨȻ꼻ɢġ
ѵ̬ôܻ
ҡҡͷʵЩ˼飬򱳺뿴ܲץסֻޣ꼻εġ
ֱ̫ˣ
߰˼⣬վ޿κΡ
һξ̫⣬߲ûȥԼʶ꣬ȫԼǱʶƣۣԭΪвСľϲʱʵ˸ˡ
оϢѾƽȣվ㿴Զױ˫հڴϣϢҲʮֵƽȣҪ˶Ҳܹѹˡ
֬һŮˣֻԼĻֿʼȼǵϲﶺ߳佫¾żȻɽ·ɽ
ʱɫ΢˯ʵʱϢ߹Ȼûо
뿪ӳѩɽׯֱ߱ʩչŷǬɽһã֪Ǳ߿ɻʲô仯
һʩչ߶ʱ𾪣ŵĿо뾹Ȼ˽ӽһ
򵽴ǬɽҲֻСյĹ򣬶ӦĴߵĻԪȥ֮
ǵԼո̤ʾδ̣ѡЪԵĶţչ̤ݡ


504 
ǰ뿪ǬɽǰҲһµʱ䣬ȴû뵽ݵı仯֮
ǰ֮ʱƽȴѾս
Զ߾ܹԶһ·νӵľ޴ɽϣһīľ޴ϵ˸ڹ⣬ŨĺܷԲʮﶼ
һʩչͨӾ죬ԶĴʱԿһӶɷսʿԴԴϵĴӴ̤ȻڿշлԦз׷ɽ
ӲĻȳһ㣬׷ݴ֮ϡ
ڴ֮У߿ĿԽɫΪסɫ湰Ѫɫ̫Էÿһ·һر۵彫վ
ӪһοǶˡ
һĻ֪ݷѾõӪڴսȨսֻЩ㲻ΪʲôӪѡĴΪս塣
ǰױ˵νƻԭĴѾ᧿ΣֳӪս壬֪ĵĺжôҡ
ҪôӲ˵Ľǿճ֮УҪôӪ໥̤»Ϊҽء
˿ƺֽûʲôϵյĽһǾ
ջĿ⣬߽עܷɢƬ֮ɫЩÿĴȻҲ˵ڲϵĳĴͲӣ
֪֮䣬羹Ȼˮȣ
ü˼;һǿϢɨžͿǰעӹǸһɫӰѸ

ߺηȥԷӰ̱
һɫİΧУһӰͬʱһϸ˿âԽ޵ٶȴâٶٿһ㣬ͿܽǰĿռ䳹˺ѡ
ȻԷƵĺܺãٶȷӵ˼£ȴҲƻռ䣬δ֪ĺ
΢Ŀϣȴ˿ȥǷâдһжʩչ˿ƶס
һ׵ľ룬̶ֳȵǿ߶Ծʵ̫΢ˣֻ־һ׶˵ȴǡǡˡ
жƶףӭâ
벻ƬϾȻܹ˾ĶȤ
ʩչ㿪âԶɫӰ֮бһʴǵŮδ䣬ɫӰѾɵ߲ǧԶλãȻ󵱿ոס
ţ߿ɫӰ𽥰ȥ¶еˡ
һŮˣһͷɫĳţһУϸ֫Ͱ͹µĶû覴ã۾ʮִҲ쳣ľ£һ֮䶼оŮòһһģֻ߿ʱƺʶſС죬¶һԼѩȮݣɺͷܵŷ촽תš
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ǶƺЩɰȮݣҲɵһѪ壬Ѫ岢Ĵı壬һ磬ǲǲǱ壬ⶼڸǲǾ޵ѾƳȻҲ˺Ѫǿ츳ԼѪĿ
ѪѪĿԽһУѪҺܹѰսֳѰָѾսһ
ѽСмʶȻ֪ҵѪͳ治ףýһ
ѪŮЦǰҲûзɾ˼ΧƬƬâ裬һطɴܡ
üû̶֣˼Сĵѡ·ͬʱעǰŮӵһһ
ѪŮʵѾȵʾ˵û츳ʾǿߣŻʵһѪֱ̬Ѫ츳ȴʵ֡
ڸո̤ʾûгȶȫûʼпܻᵼ¸صĻпܵ侳磬Ȼðա
ѪŮǰһξ룬ȻᣬʱüЦĵȻۣСѾȲŶ
߶ʱһ񺹣ԷǰԼζɿڵĴˡ
ٶսȣѾ׼ʱʩչжˣǰƲݿսôѸϲߡ
ʱԶһѪɫ׿ȥʱѪɳ۶ѪŮʩ˵󽫾һ¸ĵһسﻮʲôȣ󽫾˵֮ҪʱҪ
ס죡
ѪŮʱֱӺֹĻת󽫾һһŪãܸϹǣ
ǣҾͰ˼ظ󽫾ϡ


505 ˣ
ѪתȥƺΪŮֻЦ
СӰôأ
˵ţſ˫ۣҪ뻳еֻ̬ϧóѣжʩչ˲ԭʧ
һ̣Ѿһ￪⡣
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߼ʩչж¾ҲֻжܹǰʩչƶͨҪʱ䣬Ȼĵǲʱġ
˾׷ҸϣתŲ֪һʱ
ʱߵҲЩԲˣʩչжļ󣬾ûֱӷǲ֪֮Ѿȥ֮
˵Ȼ׷ңͱŴ͵ˡ
ߴûһҲóûָһЩ
˭֪ȴǾĺܣһ۾Ϳߵ뷨Цĵֲ㣬ֻҪһѪҪҪôС
˵˵Զʹһ㣬ٶȲĳ߳

ֱٶжͬʱһ¾żͼռɳɢΧΧ
ʱҲȻӿȣȻѪһȻûһѪɫᶯٶٴգ֮߸ǰ
СǴҰɡ
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¾żĹȻٶȶûм˼ֻǼǰ壬ȫߵ¾ż
üͷһ壬дһͨʱ컨һ㳯ȥ
꣡
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ʱǵصͨҲעϣЩԼ򵥵ͨ޷ıӰǳʱ̱ɢΪΡ
վסжߵóʽһ̸ֳָһҰɫ
Ȼ㲻ģҾսһ
ҲˣŮ˵һţƤǣô˦Ψһİ취ֱõе
ȻҲһʱ嶯;һսģΪѾ֣¾ż£˳ԼѾ˺һսʵȻˣôͲһζĶˡ
СڲˣϲĲˡ
һ߲һζʩչߣʱҲǸˣ´ƬƬϼ¾ż𿪣һһ˱뺷ɫǹС
˳ǹȥͨɫӨ·ôˮ죬һξ룬ȴҲܹĸоǹɢǿ
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΢΢ݣȻҲ˵ٹӪĴţž⵱һ֮ȻһȷٵĽɫܹʾǿߣ֣֪Ӫ֮ĸֵ׸жǿ
ǿߵһʱ伤˻ս壬һ־˲ڣͬʱ꾡ֳ
߽ʾ֮ĵһս˵ʲôҲܣ
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սƬ֮ȴʼüͷȻ۵СżȻʹ򣬲ôк飬˿ûߵļ
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Щ͵ĶͷֱЩ״ѵӴͷβǴģ
ҲãĴҲ֪Լʤ㲻¾ż̸о¾ż࣬Ѿֻ൱ʵˣһսʵĲСûǿ֮Ѫ޷ָˡ
Ȼ뿪̸߱ϻǬɽӪѾȫ淢Ҳ֪ǬɽʲôûС


506 ش
ܿ죬߱صǬɽ
Ǭɽûʲô鷢˶ʮְĻϢûһµġ
ջصǬɽձ˵ǰЩյڷĴѶ˵֮»Ѿϣձǰ
𡭡
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룬ߵͷӪѾսԺĶٰȥǵľѰһ֮Ȼƾǵʵºױ̵ֱ
յ˵ͷȻȥ˶ټ˹
⿴һ£Ǿȵķ¶羹ȻǬϣ뿪ʱ¶羹ȻҲûзɽĵĸˡ
Ͽƺ񲻴ƵģɫҲѣҲ֪ӶæŸʲôˡ
֮⣬½ҶԪɶûʲô仯ȻǺ˵߻ֻǵЦЦֻСһҲ֪ȥæˣ֮ûӰӡ
˵Լ뷨
Ҳֵ֪飬ǻ֪ǾԴǸ
˵ǸʲôӪôǿĲ֮ضûаɡ
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ʵô˵Ѿǲ²ˣӪսĿ񣬶ҴӰױҲ֪ƻʧԤʲôɴ˿ĴƮҡϦѾ嶤飬ֻһЩһЩѡ
˵⽫ش٣
ҶԪ°ͣ˼½ɶǻµϹŶȻʵôȴһܹȵģȻ֪ıȽ϶һ㣬˵״ҶԪɿɾ֪ʱ˵شˡ
ش٣Բ⣬ΨһܹѵľǶ㵽ܹѰĽ䳹ڸǵ鼣󣬲һ·ǰ粻ô㵽صҲã߸ɴͿԽռ䣬ӵȥ
Ҳô˵ɣĵĽ
ѵ˵ĵ񶼲ִ£
һֱĬ¶ȻʣҪ֪ĵĴھĴڵĻ֮ϣһĴ粻ڣҲûдڵˣ˵ΪĵЩŶԡ
ҡҡͷѾ޷ˣȻǵҪҲҪǻƷҪֻ֪Ҫ粻ǾȻдڵ塣
˶ʱȻĴ粻٣ȴϵ飬ֻҪ粻Ȼڡ
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ȻǵĿ겻Щ֣ôҪĹĿӦɣϾмλڵġ
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ߵ˵ͷӦӪּڶԿȨôõĿȻˣֻҪôȻ᳹׻Щز鶼׷
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벻Ҳ֪֮ǰǾ
Ӫ죬統ռݵķѾȫ֤һ㣬߿϶еġ
ֳ߱붼飬ȴѾ˲ò̸ĵزͷµǳԼ̤·Ҳͨһϲȫ֪Ϊˡ
뵽ˣ߾Ͳɵ·ˣԶӳѩɽׯеİױ
Ҳ֪ҵĲǶǷԹԡ
룬㽫·£¿ɲǿЩʱ
˶ĬһᣬպȻĵһ˼ĵطǶǵطΪ˵ϹʱһݣΪվ̫޷פŷȥҲɢ
˼Ƭ̣Ǻãձ㶯ǰ˵İ֮ΣŶҲŸڷ֣ǵļƻˡ
յ˵ͷ㴫ȥˡ
Ҳȥʰװ뿪Ǭɽǳײˡ


507 
ڶϣΪ˽ʡʱ䣬ֱӽ˶ͼռ棬Ȼʩչųų˵İ
ӳտҲ˽˰ĵò̬ν˵ҲǰʯǧĵؽΪʯɣ֮ǾܵǰʯȴǴֱ鲼Ұ޳ȺݳϹʱĹڰҪǶ̽ΧҲֻΧһ룬ڰʯڲȴʼ޷ȥƺĳЩͼ̽е˸⡣
֮ӱϿͨȴ಻Ϊ֪ܡ
ص֮صİ·൱ңԶҲһձ㵽Խ·̷
;֮ʱʱĻӪľӣʱҲѡʱһ鳹նɱϾԼĴ֮ϣĵȫгֵɡ
һԭ¾żѪ̫أҪǿ֮ѪָЩӪսʿǿǲ¾żѲϡ
һ˳ݣ̤֮ءٽ֮ر߽ɳǡ
ֻǵߵ˵ɳǱ߽ʱȴɳǺȻӪΧסսµĺۼϸǱ鲼˲ȱȫʬ壬һɹŨѪ֮ڿС
߿һ±ȻΪɳǲԶĵطһ޴Ĵͷ󣬴ʱвûӪľ߳ȻӴѾɣҿһ·ȷǴɳΪһҪء
ҪҪȥ
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Ӫÿһ·ȷʾʵ֮ҲΨܹ俹һҪ˺ӪӣɳҲͬ
üͷһ£漴˵ͷӪһսĿڽӣΨЩʿֳ㹻ǿʵŻЩעӡ
Ȼ߾Ҫǰɳǵ飬Ҳ˵ʲôСĽ䱸ɳǷǰ
˵Ŀ겻һ·߹ȥδעٽߵʱ룬Դͼ˶ؽȥȻԼҲУ߶ͼΪһ·кɵıɳǡ
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˶Ʒζķ񣬶ֱһ·ǰɳǵĺģɶ
ȻջͼЧ̾мǿϢӰ˷Ծ
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ἰɳǴǿߣһ˱㿪ʵʸγƺΪβȴѶ˽Խɳǣ
Ѷ
ȻʧЦ˵ҪѶͻȥתɣһֱĻ̾ߡ
λɳǵʥüͷҪ֪Ҫһ涼ǺѺѣʱ봫ȴҲ޷ҵɾ
ʱɳһƳĪҪ˿ˣȽϷ͵
ɣ
һλʥ޶ʱ־ϲɾȻˣҪ֪ȻӪΧӣҲδ¶棬ǽ⼸˲ȴ̾;ɣɴ˲ƶϳǰ⼸˵ʵԲ
ôλ롣
ʥ˼˼ӣȻǰ·쵽һޱȵĴС
һ·ߵмɳЩǵĵ򣬳Χǣ᧿ΣȴǾȻв̴߶ƺǸЩɷӰһ
£˶裬ʥȥֻһڴкȲ衣
Ƭ֮Ų𣬼˱㿴һλسۣ󱳱һѹӳ˻˽˿ȥԼĪʮӣͷȻںڣɫһ㲻̬
ѵ˾Ǵеɣ
ɻȴѿڵλԶǿͣϷ٣ǵЩͲˡ
¾ɣ
Ϸ򡣡


508 ɻ
ɳڣֱΪڡںͰƽڣڸռɳһƬ໥֮û̫ìܣȴΪȻˣɳȴûڲìܼӶ֮໥飬ⲻɵò˺档
ʱɳ̩ǿɳ֣߸Щˣ˵ɵʵɳȫͳһһ𣬿ʵƺ
ɴ˿ɳǵ鲢Ǳ¶ǰˣԴ򿴵ɣҲ˵һصǿǿΪɻᣬһµ͵أ֪ĴҲɻƺĵһ̻̻ƣڴĳЩףֻɻ̻͵صĶ̻࣬ȫڹǰ
ܹ뵽ɻҪһȻˣžɻǿ߽һλٹصɡ
߰۲һλǿߵʵֽ൱ģһȷϵģλɳɾͻ֮ѾܾãʵҲҪھ硣
һλڵǿѾʵӪľһսˣֻɳıȴôҲҪսĽࡣ
룬߱ʵ֪ǰӦǰľƣ
ޱĵӪƴ󣬶ǰľϷҲûкõӦ֮ߣ֪¿ȫ֮ߣ
ҡҡͷ˵ûкð취УҲóġ
ԭɳҲǿɳǵδ㣬ҪӪսһǲɱϼһ¾żսɳǵû㣬ȻҲͲ֡
ǰ״ȻǲӪĲӿսˣɵĿʮа˾صľɻɳƿߡ
̾ϢϷڿ飬һĪչĴصսӪ֮վ㲻ˡ
ߵͷȷˣӪĿҪìͷʮ֮˾Żָⳡս˭ʤ˭ĴȻĿˡ
ĸ̾˺һӣ߾̫ģ뿪
һ뿪ɳǣ¶Ͷ˵Ǹƺû˵滰
ߵֹû˵滰ȫȫڹȦӣҲµûĻһӪսĿѾĺ͸ˣѾΪɳ׼·
жϣ¶ʱЩȣĶǵսǻʲô·
ҡҡͷĲȻ޴ˣҪ˵ĵط硣
磡
һ˶ʱЩ𾪣ɲõģʾĴǿߣҪɳǵ˶磬Ҳ׵顣
ǵģ˵ִ׼ĻټһɳȻǲʵģһֱں֮ĳֽأ
ȻԾɻ˽ⲻ࣬Ҳż˽⵽һЩ֯ѶϢ˵ɻĴпܾĬ֮³ڻġ
˼Ǹɻһֱкͨͨ
¶羪ȷǳǴδ˵ʲôɻᣬں֮佻ף붼ûġ
һ˼ͼǰİھɻ鼸˲û̫࣬ЩȣúÿһԼĺ·Ҫ顣
֮ش󶼻ԵҲδӪľӳ֣·ȻҲǶ֮ûһ뷨
һ·֮ϣڸоָ֮һЩ֮󣬱򿪱ʯ¶һʱ䣬һ˵оʵϵͣʵĻһǿУȻΪ׸
պڳյָ˰Ϲս˲֪Ӣ꣬޷ɢҪǸʱ䣬ϢŻƽ͡
̤ĵؽ磬̾͸ܵ˹սϢ
ççԲԵĴɽɢŵɱ֮˲Ծһη֮УǿҲ޷⡣
澡԰ʯССİʯ϶Եķ绯ۼ֤ЩʯѾ˺ܾá
żҲῴһЩԫϱڵĺۼֻЩۼѾܲԣϸֱ޷ĳЩǵĹҪżˡ
һξ߽֮оһɵϢӵ
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509 
ڽ֮ǰѾſһĵƣò˵ĵǾѣɽ࣬ݺύİʯɽ빹һ«״صİʯϷȻ΢΢㵹֮ƣں«λãɴһһ«
«εòΧǳݴ״Ⱥɽɴ˸Ȼϣ˵ⲼϷ󷨺ͻĻûܹĽ
һ˶Сǰ̽һȱΪأû˸Χûκĺۼ˭Ҳ֪ͻȻ֮ðʲôһ·߹һֻﶼûмƾո˼Σɫʡ
Դӵ˰ɽǰ߾Ͱͼ˽֮˶Сͽǰڱʯ¶Ҳһ
˵ߺ֮дܳʱ䣬ǶΣʶ͸֪ٵӦҪǿ࣬ôҲǶһ˵ٵӦϾֻʵһ֣ȴԶԶʵȫ
ߵĶȽϷɢ½ҶԪ󣬴ںͳң¶ϱм䣬ʵǿǶһǰ档
ɽйߺȥǿ籩ǰϦ
һξ룬߱Լһǰ΢ǿķǺĸоǴ󺣵Ȼ󣬵ȷ⵽ʲôʱԴѾ˵ǰ
Ȼꡣ
̧ͷǰһѸӿںŨƣл˸ѾȻС
ʱҲˣǰһ㸲˷Բǧ׵ĺƣǳȺӵ꣡
ԭʣͬȡ֮ǿʵԽǿ꣬γɵžͻԽŨǿһ̶ȣܹ۳ʵ۳ʵǰһ޶սȴɱҲ֮
˶ͣ½ŲԷɢԶ룬໥֮Ӧĵ
ⶫڴڵĲҪ²ܹɳҲ͵˾󲿷ֵʿǿ߸ֶ꽻֣굽ʲôӶ
ʿ˵꣬Ҳֻǵ;˵ˡ
ǰҲδ굽ΣŹٹ˵Щ˵Ҳ಻ʵ
ٶȷǳ֮죬գ۹˱Ǻ֮𵶽Ľɱ֮˶ʱһѪڵĸо֮ıɱʱ˸оһɱĺӵѸð
ʣ۳ʵҲֻǼ󣬶СһЩ
߼һ䣬ȳգдһһۻҵķѤ̻ͨ̾ȥ
ͨ£ںڵ˲䱻ȱҲ֪һɱ˶ꡣ
һɱǾţһëˣЩǵǣԶԴԴϵĳӿ뵽֮С
ʱҲ׷׺ӿսһ½ҶԪɶ۾ǿߣЩͨȻڻ£Ҷֳܹչһʵ¶磬ڴǱߣҲΪͬ޵ԵʣնԴ൱չˣֵҲܹԿ󲿷ֲε꣬ϣȫȻȥǡ
һʱ֮䣬ԭž˲֪µİȺɽУ̶
ʱԶԶľӵͻأķֿûô£ͼһһɫڿڼ׵ĸߴʿһг̳Ѹǰ
Сģеǿߣ
Щ߾ѾϸоǿϢһСӲʮĺڼȻʿսʵ
죬˶۸֣
½ʱʱܳĳȴǴδʮǿߵĶ뻮һ˵ݺսľսʿǸûͨʿǿߵ԰ͶԡĵˣΪֲĵˡ
ڼ۵糸˸ǰȴסսվʱ߼˶͸ںڵսսۿ˸֮
˴ʱֹͣ£
ǴͼһЩڼͻὫ˶͵ͼռ棬ƾͼռĴٶȺȫԶ㿪
ڼûзǾĵȴţ󹦷򣬾ͿԶ֮гһӰٿ֮ںڼǰ棬ӰζΪһɫҰ׵ӡ
곯˿һۣȻһЦ˵ӭ


510 Ӣ֮
Դ֣˶Ϊһһ׿սû뵽Ȼתۣ꾹ȻѾǿӢ֮ҳе꣡
ǲûпӢ鰲Ϣ˼ֻ·ȨʱΣĽĴ硭
·ֻ֪֮Ĵ߸ôһССȻҲӶˡ
º͵ĴߵĻûֹ˵ȥ
ʵȷˣҲֻǴݾӰ²Ϊı·
룬ǰԼ˼·˵˳
˴㱾Ҳ޴룬ֻĽ㣬һζĻر˳Ц
˵ȻʮֵºͣǴ˻һȴ߶ЩʼϲĶпܳ׵߸ҪЦҲҪش֮С
һ˵Ĵٵӵ֮߱ܵӪͨʿпµ治зʿΪĶսҲֻȥڻҰˣûһ塣
룬˵ش٣Ǳ˴˹οǷӡ
˺ȻЦ˵ǵǴĴĵ֮ʱѡˣ
⻰Ȼ׺⻰ʲô˼ǵ˵ͷȴһ仰ƽµȻͲˡ
ߵĻƺ˼һᣬ㿪ڵ˵ҲûдǵѡҲ˵ǴȻô
˵꣬תƮƮĳǰȥ
ź뿪ڼҲĬĬתȥԶȺӵǻΪӰɢ˷ת֮ʧ
Ҫȥδ
˷ɵĲ죬ߵܹɸϡ
Ӣ֮
˼򵥵Ļشĸ֡
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ʲôط
һʱ֮벻Ӣ֮ĵطʲôжƺӦսӢϢأֻǺΪʲôҪȥӢ֮ȥսߵİ֮أ
ΪʲôҪȥ
һԵĳպȻʵ
Ĺ壬Ȼ԰Ĵ˵ʮϤҲ˵֮νӢ֮˵ǵʱڰڲһ޴ĹأڰսȥǿսʿǹĽҲսʿں൱һʱĹӢ֮ΪĶ
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ȻǼӢ飬Ȼ˳㿴ΰӢǻ᲻
˵˵ţƺԤ֮һߵ˵ĵо֣˵͸û

˺ҪǰӢ֮ͼˡ
ǵҹϢǵӢ֮͵ȱӢ˵һͰɣϣеЩܹδشٵд
Աߵ⻰ɵ΢صĺͶش죬֪Ĳ٣ֻʼ벻׺ΪʲôǴĹʥأΪĹ壬ȴûһĹϵġ
ͨĵ·ܳߵĹҲʱʱĻһЩ⣬յ˲ٹĹϹʱڵһЩţдǹڳɵĴ˵¡
ˣ˵ĬĬĸں档
һֱһʱǰĵòŷ˱仯ǰİʯͰԭֱ΢΢ʯʵòͬΧİԭֳֶİɫ
ΧĵϡɱϱڵĺۼҲԶӦþľӪصأֻ̫£Ѿ׻Ϊʷĳ
Բʮľ޴Ӫ֮أ߱ԼǰһʮԵĽŨصĺ֮䣬ܱŨĺƳ֣ɫΪĸߴȴȻȥʮֵۡ
ĹӢ֮
̧ۿȥĹʮȻȥѾ޿ɱ˺صʷȻԸоɢ֮
ǾӢ֮
ָǰɫĽȺ˵
Ӣ֮Ĺ˵֮أҲ֪˶Ӣ۴˵
ΰȱӢϢ֮أǽһΪӽӢĻᣬ벻Ҫˡ
˺е֣˵һ䣬Ȼ㲻ٿڣߵŵɫȥ
ʱ䲻һ˱Ӣ֮ǰһ䣬ǰ׵ĳһȹţȻָŹŵǿͨŽӢ֮һʱѰһЩҪĶסֻһ졣
˽ϣϢʧˡ
߰ɣδһλ
ߵǲĺ˻ʹʲôıĹһеĴͳȭͷѹһУǸмıƣǰ


511 ˶
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½ҶԪƺʵľôһеЩ˼飬ȥ̲֮סʵ
޷Ĺһ壬ǴмıƣοǹȱӢϢ֮أǲܹκıĴڣǿԷĵĽȥ
˵߲꣬˵ʲôֱ̤˹š
飬˵ҲȫԼжϣǼȻߵһͲܹԥ֮޾ҸʵǿڣûݵΧɱѾһܺõĽպ˵˼һЩǿĺڼĹʱЩѶȡ
οӢ֮Ҳδؾǻ˵кܴĻڵǣν󣬻ԵҲ⣬ûѵ͡
ߵһ߽˹ţǣҲֻʱڶˡ
߽ŵǳպʹڣնԹűܵĳݣȻỳıڣڴڣֻҪϿɵ飬ͻԥĸϿȥ
ϣǲΪлжıڣУҲں
¶ֻ΢ԥһ£Ҳ˽ȥ
̤ŵ½ҶԪɣȻЩԸջѡ߽ȥ
ȵ˶ţ޴ĹȻһȻ󳹵ʧ
ԶУŹʧĵطü˼һᣬתȥ

һ̤ţΨһĸо̤һһΪʾǿߣʱͿռѾһĸָ֪оԲ
ȷ磡
ɫأɫʯͷɫľ·ߵĻҲǻɫģ
дף֮أ
ҿһ飬Ҳ˵ӰӣȻ̤֮˶ֿˣƺֱ˲ͬĵطҲӢ֮еˡ
ҲˣҲ⣬ԼΧûгʲôΣҲʲôΣôҪľǺú̽һӢ֮еİء
һƬɫ磬֮ĻߣްԵøͳ·ѹͷһΡɽ˾Щ
һξ룬߾ȵķԼȻЩ
ȫϳôܻһʾǿߵϣ
߱з۵ʱ򣬺ȻǰԶһɽվһһİӰģƺɽԶĿķ
ﾹȻˣ
߶ʱ棬̳ԶСɽȥ
Դ̤Ƭֵ֮͸оԼһʧһ㣬˲ӷݵص޵˱˷ӣּȲ˼ǰ˵¿ֵĵطȻˣҲôˡ
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ɽ治󣬷Բףߵɽʱ򣬿λ˶ģӷܿĹŵϢһһŮǷ绪ï֮䣬˵ɽ۶ģһһ޶ķ羰
һĻԸв죬㳯Ŷĵ߹ȥֻ߶ĹУĵŮƺ˿̸Ц֮ӡ
̸߽ѾУȴȻ粻˵ӡ
ʱҲ֪Ծˣһֱߵ˸ǰ
ľǵ˵ȻǧΡ벻ȴҹĻ꼻ת˲ţȥʼǲף͸֪һ
ŮӶü촽һö
ľʻɵõЦ˵´ӷൺԽʱ˵·;Զǽأ
⻰Ůֻ΢΢ЦЦȴڣָᰴһö塣
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Ƭ֮󣬻ľЦ·ԵҪ̵Ķ࣬ΪλҪҿЦ
˵ţ㽫к£һ䣬̵ľ˲仯Ƹˡ

̸Ȼ޷˵ָʲôȴԼã֮俴Ƽ򵥵̸򵽵Ķ
λǰʲôط
Ŀ϶ڿѯʡ
Ҫ˵ǷൺȻƵһ磬ں֮²ĮеһɳС̸˵أ
ŮЩȻ˵
ľЦΪһ֮û뵽ȻΪ·ţҪ֪֮УκһҲǴĮɳһˣ⡣

˽̸ƸûߵĻ
üһ£һֳֻȥ


512 һ˵֮߱
ߵ̵ָ˲䣬ǰȻ䣬ԭ̸ͬɲǼ仯Ϊâ˷ɢȥ
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࣬ΪȻҲó˲ûеʱĪҪġ
ȻǻľŮԼٵֲȫϵһϣҲĽ㵹ΪҪݣ
ߺȻ̧ͷȴǰ֮У뻢ľһѤսԶ
ô£ѵǰЩǻ󣿡
ңʣǷǻľȥʵʵڵ޶ЩǻǸڵĶ
ɽ֮Ѿǿһֻ»ɫʯŻɫĿݲݡ
벻ȻԾһƨڵϣ˵̸
˲û˵ٻȻеӰ˷ֱԶɢͬʱɽµĿյս߼æȥǰտϲ֪ʱľӳռˣ
һ̣ĸǿߴӾ֮зɳ໥֮սһ
̳ϯƻֺĴսƬͻأչֳȻܹݵܵǿһսϣҲԵʮС
ĿתĶ·ӰһĿսжһЩʲô
ʱѾ֪ǰ뻢ľĶĻеĶԻǰݱĿħսЩǺ޸ݵĻ󣬶飬Ƭϳֹģ
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·սսԽң;޴Ϲ޼뵽սϣЩɱֲսרΪսûпǵĿռ䣬ȴ޾սǱһͷս޷ŵսȥܹ𵽾صľ޴á
·ԽԽս޼룬߸оԼ۾ЩľˣЩŹǴȴδţ
ЩϹޣκһͷս޿¶ӵ߱
ս˴ԼһСʱŽǰʬɽѪѸٻΪǻԷɢķ߲Ŵ𾪵תսǿߵսǿߵĹޣ
һֱߵжԼսԼս⣬ĿƻֺĴս֮ŷ֣ԼսսĺԶ
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Ӱģľʼնû˵һ仰һֱעŷʧԶ
ʵһֱףҵĵĵȻͬʼն޷ıʵҵĵнͷձҶ֮߱Ϊⳡս˽ᣡ
˵꣬Ϳľս۷еѪͷȻ׷ɵУ̶᳤תһ̤ϰԶ
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⼸֣߶ʱһѵϹʱʿҲܹӵ߱Ĵܣ
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ߵûʱ˼ЩʣΪлٴνˡ
ڷ֮еĻľͻȻ֮貵ĽԣгǱŷսĳҽâĿ꣬ǰһڿеľ޴ǳأ
ڸ߿֮еĳǳشԼԲǳֳͨӨɫΧǲһȦȦɫ˷ɢ
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ϹʱӢ۱ħ裬ҵλҲͬźܴļ䣬ϾϹʱ޵ʢ֮߱Ҫµٲȥ
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ľȻ嵽ɫ޳Ǹǰ߾٣۳ǰδе貽âǰ޳ǺȻն£


513 
еĻŻľ߾ٵĳ΢΢һ£Ϳɫ޳֮ӿ֮ĽʿȳһĽʿηĳŻľĽâȥ
ͬʱɫ޳ɢǿҵε֮⣬ԲʮĿռ䳹Ⱦɫ磬߿Կĳɫ֮еĽʿø׺սҲ֮Ѹ
ǺǣĽ֮Ȼ˵ҵЩ߿ˡ
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ߣ˲Ϣ֮䣬һ޴ɱڿиֳ
Ѫɫɱһ䣬ɢĵâֱӽĽʿ˲ɱΪҽĽʿֱɱεɫľ޳Ҳ֮ҵĻζ
ֻƬ̹Χǧ׽ʿͱնɱֻʣ¹ɫ޳ĿС
ʱɫ޳ƺҲ޷ȥжȻǿҵ⣬ӿ̻֮Ϊʮɫųľȥ
жʱ󣬿Űɫա
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Կ߾µʿܹЩãǶϻ߾ԼϵǿߣԵ΢ҲδԵʡ
ȴ￴ļ£Ĵڣɵò𾪡ֻϧ֮еľѾȥ£ʵǰԼ᲻ȥֱѯʡ
Ӧ߲֮еԨ桭
ĿתĶŻɵһһҪѰҵһЩԼҲϣҪ֪Ѿ޵ļ£ļ£תҪ൱̵ܹ͸ֻǿⲻ֪ǰĻ棬õļʵ΢΢
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磬𣬴ֹͣһ̣ľǰ㸡ֳһߴ׵֣


514 ľĵ
Ӱһڸ߿֮ϣ֮»ľһһԵĺСôһСķˣȴ붼顣
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Ҳ㻹֪ҵĵΪôҾ͸㡣
ľǰǸѾΪһɫܽȫԨȻܹٵĸʴܣǸִڣһܱʴͻһĿȱײȫ
һ֣ȻֵסǿĹ
Ѿ˵ûĲྐྵȻ˾޴֪Ҫ֪ȥòܹԼĵ
аҵͬʱҲЩǿĻľĵʲôܹսɲһʿܹġ
ӡǣӵӡ󣬾ԾͬʿҲžԵơ
ĵûȤ֪ڳ׼ŭңͱΪ˸ۣ
Ϊ߸ϵѾϰԸ߿ո飬κηֻϰˣֻĤʸж鲻뷨
κεҶ鲻ٶķ飬ؽܵĳͷ
ɵŭ𣬻ľȻʮֵİȻǰѪɫת˿־ĺâһͷһѪ˿ǰγһѪɫУһĴָϸ쫷֮ȽȽ
ҵĵ߱ôãҲ˵
֮߱ѾԶʱڲã֮Уô
Ӱ쳤ХɢԨ·޾ľĻѾʼɢļ󣬲ʱľȴ⻤ǷܹȥֶܹãעȫеǵѪɫ֮Ѫɫ쫷硣
ֻǼĹԭֻĴָСѪɫ쫷羹ȻˮͰϸۿɼٶѸš
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ľĻЩ֧Ųסʼַ϶϶֣һԨץס˽ȥڻڲŰ
ǿһմȾҪǣĨѵľѾǿ˲ĵز
ԨѾ뵽˻ڲľȴ˿ûдʩչ߲ɵþǿ淢ӻ֮Ļ㻢ľҲܵ˺
ǹմ˱棬㻹ֵܼʱ
ľںԨʴɲɵôЦվǷˣ֪ߵغȻ˵زǿ涼֪˵߱
Ӱʼնȫûаѻľľٶ˾ͶȡɻκιֶǰȫһΪ֮޷Խǵ
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ȴһֱרעгϵĶǵȻΪѪɫ쫷繴һ˿˿Ѫ߽֯Ѥ磬Ȼ󳹵ӿ뵽Ѫɫ쫷֮С
ɫѾľΧסֻҪĻܱ׻ƣôһ̾ͻặηĳȥ޷ֱӽľնɱǲסȴ練ơ
ֱѪɫ쫷ɽľгһ㣬ͿǰдֺȻΪѪƣдһڿһѪߣϿյӰ뵽˻ľĳ֮С
ֱʱľŻڵɣ㵱Ϊ󣬾Ȼһ㶼˽֮߱ҲգҾʶһʲô֮߱㣬ҲֻܳΪ֮߱ϵһ׺
ľ˵ĺһŰı澹Ȼ˿־
һϣͿľȻг߾٣ԶӰһָȵεɣձڣ
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ʱ˿̣ΪԹߵߣҲ޷׽еĹ켣
ŻľгɳѾõѪɫ쫷ȻԶһ㷢˺صȻѸޱȵѭųĹ켣εɵǡ
εǣӡһ𣬱ʼһӲй˿ˡ
ʱգɶȻһ˾ܹ᲻ɴݵεǴơ
ľһĶӰֻǼ򵥵˫ֺϱȻֿдƬεϼ˷ɳӭȥ
Ȼ֪ʲôԿ϶ǣɳֱȻҪֵǵѪɫ쫷磬ӻϿȻľѪɫ쫷ѾԽʱռȫЩ֮⣡
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515 
Ҫ̸߱ףܹʹҳ֣ѾǧΨһһˣ
֮ɿЦף߶оЩ֪ͣսежôǿ
һֱԹ۵ڣеԽԽ࣬µΪƺ޷еİأԵһľȻкһսΪβԼӡǣȴƫƫһҪΪе֮߱
оǼ˶ĹڵĻ⣬δ˵Ҳ֪ĴͲڵ˵ľʵԴﵽӴĲ档
ʵʱ֮ײڱˣѪɫ쫷ŭһ֮ͻȻΣɵĴƬײһ𣬹⻪תĽѤ˲䶼Ŀǿ汻ǿ⳹ڸǣײγɵľҷ籩ײγһڵĿն
ɢȥߺȻֻ֮жһѪӯӯӰ
ǻľ
ʱľһսѪͣһѪɫתͷϣѪɫ֮һ޴ѪɫħӰ
ѪɫħӰģ˫һѾʹȴʵʣѪĴƺѾѪ͡
ԭڻľԨѾʧѪɫս׿ȥû˿ĺۼȻǰԨ沢δ˺
ԶɵεȻ΢΢ζԶѪɫ쫷һεĳ籩
ϷӰһ֮бðƬ֮ɵ𣺡ħѹкһսʵ֪ˣԭ
ǺǣӦңɡ
ľɵȻֻһֿ۵ƣ˲ɵлһ˿⡣
㵱ȻɣǺǡ⵱Ȥ
ľԼݣɵͻȻ֮ࡣ
ȤȤվҪˡ
ľһָԶεǣ³һ֣ɱ
ɱһľͷѪ֮еħŭ׺ȺѪɫ޸һѪߣ˲仯Ϊǵ蹵նεǡ
εϿյӰŨɫԣɲǼӰʵ߰ɵεüĿ˫ץ֮֮۳ֱʮ׵ɫ˫˦ɫڵħ
ͬʱεΧҲֳһȦˮɫķ֣һǳױ
ɴ˿Ѿεǳ⣬̤һˮŹ֮ϣ࣬һͨտտľͳꪡ
޴ħӭɫмһˣѪɫ޸ȻһٴλһѪ⣬Ŀͬǰεǡ
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Դû֪ȻҲֻһģĸ˵еһһؽһƽ٣ŲݵԹ׷ľ֮߱Ψһ֮һ
ԵϳľʱҸεʩ˷󷨣Ѿ֪δֹһֱȻϯأ޴ֽ١
ȻѡͻľһսһԭǾǾ۲컢ľ֮廹ûг׾ѣдڲ״̬ܹڴһٻɱλ罫࣬⵱еջҲΨԼ

Ѫŷε˲һζƬƬɫɢɽΧ˲Ҳ
εɸߴȻ֮ԭһģȻʹʧһ̣ͳ׻Ϊεһ̣ľͷѪɫҲʧȥԶеɺ죬ڳ˷ֱ治ɫʡ
֮ħŭľɶͬʱҲƶڿһѪɫۼεǳȥ
ӿʼԿڣľĿʼնɵεǣȥѾɣ⵹߿ŵ
˵ֲսҲֻǻľΪηεǵɲȥĵĹɵǣ
Ū׻ľͼһɵıȴѾ֤˻ľĹȷɵġ
ľһĿԣ̸֪ȻӲջǰĹֶΣ̻ػǡľδεǸǰɾѾһǵԱߡ
ߣǣ룡
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516 ɱ
߿֮УһЦսսһδɵжͣҲգվҽսڴ˵أҲΪһδ
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ľɴӦһ֣㣬ѪɫΧͷħٿ֮仯Ϊһâ뻢ľֳĽ浱С
ľһһճ
һĻ߲ɵðľһܹпգ˿һ
ľһȴδֻѸڻ֮йճһѪɫǱ
ƾճֵ΢СǱɶʱһ㶣ֻǲһɲǵʱ䣬ͼг³޵⣬ȻǳŻľճСͳǱȥ

һ㶣ʱԣ֮ľôɵս׾ٵľܹľΪηôõĻᣬתǸֻȭͷСĳǱ
˲Ϣ䣬һ춯صľ֮ɳ֣ȴѾ˼ľճĳǱȴǴ˼ʮ׸ߣ
˲ǴĳǱ߶ʱŴ˵
Ѿˣǵ̣ûУ
ľ΢ЦŽָɣѪɫǱѾɵѸ͡
ֱӴǣ㣡
һĻڳ׵ʧȥ򾲡
ֱܹӴǣѾһôˣ͵ʵѾױȥ
ҵֱһֱң޳ܵˣҪȡһЩԡ
ľѪɫѾڼ仰Ĺ˷Բ۴СѾɵεǲ˶٣ֻǻľѪɫȻڷǴ
һֱҷӡʵ
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㶼Ѿˣֺα˵Ψһϧûֻܶ㣬Ҳգվȡӡ
ѪɫѪڣŵѪɫ̶ֱ֮ڿǧĺɫߣЩɫ߽֯۵ľϡ
ľӰζȻǳɵǶȥ
֪˻ľʵ֮ɱ֪ҪԼɱͷȫ޿ܣӵЩˣпֱ䣡
ĿǣبѪ֮ж֮Ѿ۳κ޷ֿѪǶǿ飬һմȾѪ̾ͻΣӡ򾳽絹ˣֱ̳ӡ䣡
һΣľֳǰ޿ɱĳʵֻǻ㱿һѪɵǣһ̾ͿεʮͻأĴмһΪȻѸٱѣ
εǾȻľһն飡
ĿתĶŻ棬©κѶϢ
ֲսѾսȻͬȻЩֻʱµճ棬ȴž޴İǱУͨЩпܿ̽Ķߡ
Ǳ飬Χ̵ȥ޴ҲѸС
ĸڣһǱ٣ôս˥ɣ᲻ϵļʱѰԴȪٶǣС£ʮа˾Żӡ飬ֱӴӾ֮׹뷲
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ľһЦг˺ռߵķһַָɳѪɫβ׷ȥ
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㣡
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ӦһȦѪɫԳΪ淢ɢѪɫĵ֮ת˲ʧӰ٣ֻһȭͷСտɫӡ
ľǰֽɫץ˿漴ҡͷ˵͵ȵӡҲգôҲӡŰɡ
һɵӡ䣬һû뵽ѪɫǱ֮С
һսʹ˽εɴӴ˳
ľϵѪȥ»ָƽ״̬ٻѪɫǣ̤նȥ
ֱľıӰӻ֮гʧߵԺлٻŻľһ仰ұɱ
Щ͵۾ſл潥ɢ
һսʵֻǿȥ̫ˣ߲ŻоЩֱоʲô̵Լһ㣬Ȼ
ĿǰͣλãߺȻﾹȻһСѪɫ䣬ڻ䣡


517 ҵ棡
ԭѾǰĳ泹𺳵ߣʱһ仺Ѫɫ䣬ʱĪ
ǾԶǰʱջӦճɢȥ֮󲻿κζͻأֵһѪνͣ
ŻѪЩԥǷҪȥһ
ҲֻǶݵԥٵɽͷѪȥ
ĹӢ֮ĹıҪּѣȻ亱ǿУ飬Ȼʹ˴
Ѫһֱ䵽ߵľ룬ڿвˡ
߿첽ѪԶʱ̸оһɷޱȵɱѪ֮˷
дʵʵɱ⣬һ׹ߵĸо
ѵ˵ǳսģ
лɣ²ѪͬʱСȥѪ
˭֪ߵָոһξ룬ǰѪƺ̸Ӧˣʱһವһ¾ͳߵָѪһתȻȻΪһ˿Ѫâֱ뵽ߵָС
ͻıЩֲѪâһ˲䣬߸оһӴѶϢ翪բˮһӿ뵽ԼԺ棬һֺңԶԺ
󱲣ȹϲ㣬Ǹ˵ĺӡ
ȻʮֵңԶÿһֶشһԺ棬߻Щ
ԭ߶Ѫһ˿ǣˣѪǵս֮ľµġ
ľΪֱ̧߱ôһӡǣȻ⡣
ߴʱֻ֪ǾԶǰµģ̸ֻܰ
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ʱ⣬Ҳ֪֮߱·߳ȥ˶ãΣѾûʱ䳤ӵĳ֮ˡ
Ļвһп绢ľľǿߣҲⲻʱ䳤ӵĳˢǿҲߵͷʱһʱǼʱսؼȥκεĺۼ˰볾һ޶
µһѪ̺ҵĵϣܹҵĵȥ

һ仰߶ʱ𾪲ѣľȻԼĵʱջþ֮УֱִʿҲֻ˲ܹˣֻΪҪԼĵ
һݺأ߱Ҳоʱοˣһ˿Щ֤ȻˣҵĵҲȥ
ҵĵҵǿȥʲôһ㹻ǿҲ㽫ȥ
ЩˣľôȻֻҪԼĵȥȻûκ⣡
ΪմһݣʹȻȻҵĵȥδִƱǣأ֮ʱҲȥ̽ѰһԴͷ
Դͷ
ǵһ⣬ǰɴδԴͷЩԴ⣬Ҳֻվ۷壬Żȥǰɡ
ҵȥ
һ仰˵꣬ҲûľµĻЩˡ
һѪڣĲֻлľĻʮӴϢЩϢһʱ߶޷⵱вϺļأ෱ͨзвķֻҪҩҪʮֿ̣򵥶Աһ£߱㷢־ԼĿǰ״Щûκô
߻ǴӺѶϢ֮Ѱ¼пõĶͨĴ
ֻڵϦ֮䣬һֱ˼δߣһıȻʱش٣ӣΨһĳ·磬δѣҲῼǹͨĴ
ᵽĹ紫൱ѣҪʳﱸȻд˷ȴҲֻĶڻʣҲ޷쵽顣
ȻŻľһѪ뵽ԺеѶϢкܶ࣬һʱ֮Ҳ޷ȫֻǼ򵥵һ㼴պʱо
˼ˣҲǳһĻþʵ벻Ȼջ񣬵õľѪ͵ǵõһƻľĵڻûпʼ˵òˣҲȥľĵʶҷԼ˵Ķ֮ʱٴ
֮Ƭ֮صĵط൱һʱ䣬ȴʼûз˵ټɻ֮ʱֻһᣬǰǿ۾ʱȻԼѾӢ֮档ȵǣ˶Ѿˡ
˶Ȼ߶ʱͷˣҲӢ֮˺ֻԵ㳯Ա߾Ӣ֮߹ȥ


518 
߹Ӣ֮ڵ˼ˣҲǽǰһЩԸ˽ᣬȥǱǡ
˵ЩӢ֮˵ʧټ
Ӣ֮ȥɽҲ֮ɢȥһӵʱ䣬ֳ׻ָԭе
ҵȾɽպ󾲹ǡ
ǰֻѰһ֮Ϊ֮أʶŻᶯǰֻ˰֮ȻþӢ֮˵˶ȥʲôôأ
Ӣ֮Ļþ֮лľ֮߱ĳʮִһζĹȫǰ취ǰ磬ƺҲûжĸı䡣
߲δԼ˵Ӣ֮жٶлԵҪʱ
˵˰ȺɽΧѰһʺסĵط˶ֵͨǿߣִһЩʺϾסĽ¡
գԱԼס߻Ϊһаͻʾ飬ڰҲ̫ġ
Щ˶Լͬѡ˱չǱޣӢ֮еˡ
գһ¹ȥһڤ˼ȻϿжȥʱԶһӶ˵ǿ߶鳯߽Ѹٷ
ϳΪ׵òڷ硣
ǿٶѸݣƬ̹ڷĴʯǰĿյϡ
ʱԭʯݵǱ޵ļҲ֪׷˳
ߣڷʱ¶ϲɫǰЦֱϲ
֪ڷ⻰˵̤δǶʱ䣬ͷˣ֪ɴȫ
ڷһ֣ĵȫ
˵ڷȻʵǰó㣬ֿ֪Ҷˣ
ἰ֪ڷ绹Ǭɽһ£ǰѾݴһɱ˺ֹǧȥҲȥЩ˵ĻǱͷǼҲѴˣֻǻмλʧɢѲѰ䣬б䣬ֵ֪δ㣿
ıѾ漰磬ؼǿ߶֪ڷΪĹ֮Ȼ᲻ǡ
ʣڷ粻˼ĵش䣬Ӣ۱֮ʱҿӪĿȻЩӣ޶˻֮أʵõĴӪһս
ڷ˵ɱȻ߾֪ô˵ǿЦüɣӪּսĿҽǷӣӲƴȻǺʤ㡣
ڷ絭ȻһЦʤҲδ֪ʵ弸λٽѣѣ٣ʱȻӪһս֮
һĹ崫£вλ飬ĴٽҪ˵ҲȷֿܣֻǾЩƮ졣
ֻǲʣԶһӰ𣺡ȺɼΣȻҪսǱһݡ
˵䣬һƺӰٿ֮ԶƮ
߲Ҳ֪ǰ۵ǿߡ
˵ڷҲȣֻǹʩڷ磬ˡ

һ㶣Ȼʱλͳ˾ȻһĹ
֪ݣæʩ񣺡ǹ̿֡
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ڷ繰ֳǡ
֪Ǽϼһﶼôˣʱ̬ѾüޣȺǰȥߴһ
˵գҲˮһӣ˱ʧ
ڷԸһָԴʱסʱڰȺѶ
һʱ֮䣬İٶȱ
֮ڷһǰûйȻ޷ֿӪй򣬶ҲֹһλôЩӪȷսϼҲδɡ
ƫԶӪľӲмˣԾݱȻûսĺۼ
ڵȴӣҲ׷ץʱΪϵ͵ļֱʯ棬ʱʮϣܹͻơ
ǳʱЩ֮ᵱе漣֮ʯ˼ҪƳһѾǳҲܹƵľ
߲Ϊ⣬Դӳ˹ôʱȴʼûнɶˣֻǵ˵¯ȻԼʱʱ󺧡
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˺ü䣬εİݣ϶˵һΨ飬Ҫ
û㶼̤߾жʱˣһԭزҪǲóһҪ򲻹ˡ

ΣȫɣѾͷûа취Ȱ˵޹ֻ֮óôԼŮˣô˵Ҳܿܿ࣬ʱ߷Ͻ֮ǰ˲١


519 
ߵԭѾ˼Ǭɽϣȴͻأĳһɫͷ󣬽ű㿴ӽɫͷ֮߳ˡ
˵Ůǽ׽ɫ磬սɫԶ֮ƽ͡
Ů뿪ǬɽѾõ˽Ī룬ͬеӵһǬɽϰףһĸߴ൹ǺϰмƣҴ
̤󣬽žԴԴϵսʿӴ߳ſվԴԴϣƬ̹Ͷǧˡ
磬ǴԶǵϣˣѹƻʱԽԽǿ֮ҵǼᵽ֡
ϰɨһȻΪ֮صǬɽ˵
ǵһ뿪ǵϣʱ̤أû̿½ۣԼϵĿв
ܣҲ֪ǵϲ֪£˶Ѱƽ񷣵ķȻǿ϶Ķڣǲ򲻵Ѳɶ䣬οѣ㲻ҪţҵǼٶ᲻١
жȣȫȻϰ׵ָƣһѾֽһ˵ʲôҲٳ
ԭǲģȻб䣬µ֮ȴδ뿪ǵµʱֻôһȫѹ񷣵Ÿ˹
Ҳ֪һ̤ǵϣôζսȨͼıװڵϣһܽΣȻע⣬ԼȻˣ;ԲκεĲء
磬ӪѾʼսȨǷÿһûкĿܡ
˽ȫ˴֣Ȼ֪ӪսĿģıĿǺӪһ£˵ŹͬĵˣϽ˫ĿԱȽϴ
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ĿһƬǬɽĪС˽˵
ҿԿ϶ûֻȴǲ֪Ĵ缴䣬ʱȻܹ㲻صġ
Īͷ˵
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֮ǬɽѾսʿڼ䣬мλǿ½
ųǿսԼ೤Ǵ񷣵ѹƣһȺŵκһ磬ǿԳưԵǿڣǿ߸֪һ㣬ԲŻεжʮֹעɳһǿǰͬʱ۲̬仯˳ѰǼҵ֮ãиĲӺǿ͹ʱսԸ᳹
Ǭɽϵطխ֮޷ã㽫ӪѡɽµĿյϡ
֮ɳ̽Ѱߵ䣬ͬʱѰһӴӪľӡ
֮󣬻ˣһӳ˵·Ǭɽ£ѪɱȺȻȥоͻȻֵ֮ôӵʲôͷֱӸɾɱȥ
ҲָսʿѸٿսսʿѵأһǿս֮ӪЩȷ沿Ӽں֮ڣһӵĹ˵ͱӵǿҲá
ǿһʿȫûһ⣬ǹͷץ֮Ȼϵǲ
ֱӿżɽ˵Լ˼嵹һȻ֪˴ε˧ȴ˵
ǿӲûĵϰףֱ˵Ľնɱѻ֮ȷ˴˴Ӫ˧һλá
ȻȷӪ˧λãʱȥ񷣵ûе֣ǺӪ̸׵ʱ
֮̽ӻرһ֮Ǹ˵ټ
Ϣ̴ϰ׺Īǰȥ˽ͬмǿӪȺϢ
ԭûбҪϰ׵ģֻһ𱬵ƢԣһþͿܴˣشӪʵЩġ
ľϰȻʮֲȴδ¶ҲΪʲôҪ
˴뿪ǵϣ¹شм䲻κβأȻ̤ٲĵؾҲ޹˵СĽ


520 ̸
ѭ̽·ߣ˲ձ㵽˰ɽС
Ĺפһ¶棬Ϣ̾ʹ󹤷Χһۿϰ׵ʱ߱ɫá
ĪҲʱһﲻĿ첽߹ȥֱƹϰ׺ûк˴к˵˼
Īǰ߲¶һĨЦ⣬ʵôˣ
ҵߣĪԭΪ˵ůĵĻ˭뾹Ȼôһ䣬ɵô
֪ʲôƫֲ˵ʲô˵ĻЩǡ
ģĪ¶һЦתҴӽܸߡ
ŶԭҴӣ˵ҲǼˣ
һϰ׵ĸ磬߶ʱҲû˺ɫͬͬĸֵͬܣҲõȥ
֪ܵȻΪǰϰ׾ٶ£ºݺݵϰһۣ˵ĪҪᣬҵǰ³´䣬ԱȻױһζ˱վǳߡ
ԣüǴҪԣ
ԭϰ׵ʱ߻ΪҪͼ¿Ǳϰ֪Ķ࣬˵ҲܹҪ
»ңԱƫƫбԱ±Ҳ޷ɽһ۱ɽм۾ӣʱһ˼к²µа˾ŷ֡
˵϶Է⣬ǸȻ֪ʱ˵ʲô
Ӫ޹ʼ̤飬Ȼ㲻ڲˣάԴѹʱڣɴ˳⣬սӲɣ޷⣬ʴ˲³Ԯ
ʱںӪкܵ뷨ȻֲֻᣬӪĿּĿ֮䲻ıϣĿѾֻܴ˼᲻á
ȵǣⷬ˵ߵɫȴʱò޹ȣԭҲǣҺͳ˽аǵͷǴӲõʱ
Ȳѣָ֪Ǻ£
Ȼװ֪Ҳúգֱ˵˵ͼѼ˲֪£ָյĿȫһ£ȴʱǰӪʹѾ˰ɡ
˻ʱ̶֣̾Բʵкϵ˼ȴʹǰȥӪײбŰϲŭ޳ҺԣҪ֮ȻҪȽǴ˲пܡ
ü˵ʵ˵Ļͱǰ˵ĻһӪһȺķ蹷֮
߳Ƭ̣ڵҪҰҲԣмҪӦ
ߣһʿ
סڣ
Աϰ̲סڣȴֻ˵һ룬ͱֹ
ʲôҪ󾡹˵Ȩ֮ɸ𰸡

ҲɣֱӿڣһԿӪҲãսҲգ漰ıԴľٶһŲ
üӦ¿ǻս񣿡
˵ֵزҲڸԼʵͼ
ս̽Ѱ屳ѵĸԴָٹ⣬˳Ŀġ
߸ϣͨ죬ʱһҵʵжϡ
Ļشʱ͸оֱܵζ˭֪ǿ󣬰˵˼͵ԸԸԿֻһ֮䣬˿ûԼĳŵûʲôЧá
Ϊʵжϣ
ʱҲֻ֪ʣǷٸеľٶ
ҵĻشеģ˵ȫ濪ս֮ʱҵľܹﵽ񾳣ұսݡ
տƾɸģ
Աϰ׵˻һ漴ͺˡ
Ȼϰôһ˵߶ʱЦģҪ֮ΪУ㻹ȥĪҪ˵棬Ҫ֪һǶĴ澴صġ
ϰһʱɫǺ죬ƿԣԱߵҲеޱȣԼӲôʹĵܵһҪ䱩һٵĳ嶯
ҵĺõܵܣѵֻⲻӵ𣿡
˵һ䣬תͷߵô³֮⣬кһ˵ɡ


521 Ȩ
ʣҲ˿˼ҵֻһˣȨκԼҵѡ
ǿȻͷӦ
ɻҪ󣿡
߳Ƭ̣յһȷϣǾ֮ǺϵǴϵ
˵һ㣬еԥˡ
ǺϵôҪȥʲôҪһĿָӵһҪȷԺκжĪĳ⡣
ĵ˲ӪǸ߸ϵպжκβأ΢в̤пܴٲĺ
ԥ߲еЦѾʾʱձȻܹ̤񾳣ʹ
Ȼûг⣬ǾˡԶˡ
ԭͲһ̸УҲһĺ֮ԻӦ̸УҪԭĪ˽ϡ
Ī˽ͬѹʿʱշǶ̣ĪҲУ˵߻ǳƣȻĪԵʣҲֳܱһ档Ȼץס᲻ðˡ
Ƭ̣ڵͷҲգöѣҲҪʲôΪѵ飬ֻһ㣬ս֮ѹ񷣣ұ㲻š
ãһΪ
˵زҲ˵ʲôΨһɵľѹƣѹƣǵʵһ붼Ӳһѹ񷣣ǵսɱʱκսҲȱôһʾʿ
̸֮δڰɽͣãһ֮ȥ
֮Ī뱾߶˵䣬ͬϰ׶ڣҲö˵ʲôвȥҲ֪պʱ䣬ĴսȻ߽ܶ࣬ʱȻľС
ǰߺ̸֮ʱ˶ûпվڲԶȺ򣬾ڷ綼ûǰѯǺɡ
֣⼸Ϊ񣬲֪Ǻ
ȥڷѯʡ
֮ǰˣ³ͽ񷣣ѹ츳ʵ
ˣ
ڷаľȻĹ壬ǶϹʷȴǶ˽⣬֪ѲصʹߣŶһ޶츳Լֲս
ǵģΪѵӪһͬսȨ
߶ڷ粢˴˷ͼĿĳ֮Ȼ
⻰ڷ粻üû˵ô򵥣ս񣬿ҪȶԿӪ翶Ҽࡣ
Ҫ룿
ڷʡ
ߵͷǵģйٹϸҵѣһܹѹ񷣣ǲŻ
߼򵥵ڷȴȻüͷ壬߿˵ļ򵥣⵱дĪա
֣⵱мϣӦǡ
ѴӦģ²۵ǣһ˵ľǼΨһܹٿأǲҶôҳУǿҲɱƽ
ΪڷǵһٴǶȥ˻һڷʱۣ˵ʲôֵܣȻڷǰȻǰɽҲһͬǰȥΪ˼еҪƲϵ
߶ʱЦµǼϣҲ̫
ڷһ֣ʾȫ⣬˵٣ҵд֮ӪҲãҲգֻҪܹסģǵͳͳתƳȥǺʲôϵ
εͷʱԼĴ㽨һͨͨڷ磬뻹ʱûἰϾǲһ׵飬ȫ֮˵١
פǬɽ£֮ʱģҪҲԼĴ㣬ԼһûǿΨȴʱһҲСԼһ
֮ڽԼеƳΡ
һȻͬ죬Ϊ֮ѣ׺䶥ʱΧڶ࣬Ҳоա
ɢȥ˼ϷѾƳһģıֳͨǳ֮ɫߣȶƣȴһöɫǳ
ȣк˵ʾ
ϰϧѵķзȣ̲סʡ
ϳǳ磬Ǽʶ۽綼òѷɫôһȣȻû
ȨȣͳȺǲܿƣںʱεضܹɵǳ֮ұҪʱܹûǳ޼ս
ϼ򵥵Ľһ£˼Ȩȵܻкܶࡣ
ҲãպսҲ༸ְȡЦ
ҪҪãҿԽ㣡ЦľͰѰֵݸߡ
𣡡
֪Ͽǻᵱġ
֮󣬹ع飬һͬģһȥͲȴϢǿ֮ˡ


522 ڻ
ڷһͬǰȥӭӣߵ΢󣬴һӴ֮ͬ˵Ϣʱ˫ɵһ
ԭһֱǱزѪ֮УеһžȻ΢΢
˾ȻǵΧʥ˵еһ
ߺȻվ󼸲̧ͷһ޶ĿˣͬʱתԪ¶Ѫѹȥ
òȥʮ꣬ĸߴǳͨ˵һһ̣˫ɱȴȥ˵ĸоһѾֻһУһ¶һ
ڷǰȺ͹ѯʹ˯飬µ˶ٵڹעǰˡͬʱҲڴͬڷһӭӵˡ
Ƭ̣̽һ˿Ԫ뿴˵ʵﵽ˺־磬Ԫ̽δӽ߷Χͱһǿϸ˻ͬʱǹɵȴգ֮βߵԪӾȻҪƷ
һоһϢԵǳҵѸǹδɻصԪɢͬʱ˼ʩչŲƣӲĳһԴʮס
һ̰˵ע˹
Ų߱һصߣߣ´Σزģ
һڣһھ˰ԵˣԱڷԲͷʩʵڻǰĪҪŭЩҵĺѣԿ档
ڷѾˣ˵֮Ҳҵ
ڻţ಻˵ת𴦡
ڻƣһƳ֮⿴վ飬ʱͣ٣ŽĿתӺ㿴ӰһΣͳ˽ǰ
ڻһϢ¶߸дֻ֮һƬ磬ȫ޷ֱߵ͡
Ǻ߱
ڻԿڣԵ
üͷ壬бһڻ뽪֮䣬ֱڻԡ
ΪѴ񾳣Сġ
һͯͻȻѡ
ʶӦͯӣȴûƶ˼ȻֱڻԣĿɫѸתΪ
ÿ
ڻ
ڻɫаŭȻڵµҪҷѣ
ߴʱѾЩŭˣǽǰиչ˵ģҲ֪ǳȴδѯʹڻȴһзѵ˼ԭ߻ڿǴĹӪԼʥʵԸѾٶˡ
˲˽ۣгһձնˣ
ֻǶ棬޸ɣݹ顣
ڻ˿òжֵ˼
ŭЦһȥ˵ף˽иңռȻڣ򲻵Ը
ʱξأڷ磬ڻԵΪЩûпȰ˵ֻǽĿͶһԵĹڻǹģڳҲΨܹѹڻԵΪ
Ȼ֪ڷͼ㳯ڻԿڵڻԣҪעִ磬ǶǽӢ֮ĺ󱲣¹䣬ĪҪ档
ڻգ΢΢üвʵ˵ߡ
ȻʱֹڻԣĹԭеҲʼ³ˣڷɹʶȥ⡣
ˣλϢգһǰĸ̽ϢϢأǱ
йڷǳ֧ӵ졣
ڷĻ˶׷ɢȥԻסϢ
뽪һͬתܹоĲ졣
Ҫģ˭Ҳ˲㡣߳԰ο
Ե˵ͷҲ˵ֻǰߡ
ͻ˽飬סһԪ֮صԼסڷɳȥ̽þܹĵĸſ̽ʱȻͻῪʼսˡ
ڻԲδ֣Ҳɾ裬ڻʵǿᣬ񾳣ȫǶ֣ô˵ǹڻԲΡ
Ҳ֪ⲻǳϾˣҪʱǻվĵһߣΨһɱݵİ취Լܹ̤񾳣ܹкڻԶԿʵʱͲٹڻˡ
Ҫ񾳣¶˵죬ûµĻ۲УĻἸ㡣
ΨһܹģҲֻǰͰٳɶࡣ
֮ڷ̽ռ鱨ϢߴΪ𾪵ǣĵѾֻʣһδӪƣµķ֮ؾӪƿ֮£Ӫ˴εͳԪ˧һ۷ǣӶеʿΧɱ
߿鱨ü˼µľĻҪ࣬ĻѾˣӪʱսɢ򻹲ö֪ǿԿ϶ǣʱѾܽˣ
ڶգ뿪ȺɽǰǬɽ˻ϡ


523 ʥŮ
ݣսѾȻ
ڴ˴ǰǬɽĶв쾳սʿǰٶȲ죬ڼպʩչͨͣһʡ˴ʱ䡣
֮һȵ˵ĴӪ
ȻԳݣоĴ֮жǿߣйҲҵӭʡ
رĴʣſ˴˧˧λһλʮ¶ϵŮӡ
ڽ֮ǰ߱ע⵽ڲͬʽ֮Ҫ࣬Χ䱸ɭֻ࣬岿ģСһΪ˼Ϸ棬ҼһСһΪ׽֣Ѳ֣һΪɫģ֡
У߲żʮӣ˶Уֻ࣬һӾȱ
ǰ˧ŮڣлλԮ֣
Ů˵ɾ䣬˿ˮлǶЩɻΪ徹ȻһŮͳ˧֪ŮΪߣʾδ
һλϾԸǿߣΪ˾Ϊ񾳣ŮС
ʵǿƺԴ˲飬һλãڻԣмǿߣλߣϣΪ˱գʱͼУδ֡
˧֮ŮٶȿڣݣҵȳɱҺԣ֮ɱһɱ棬֮ˣڽҵȳ׽λΪսȻΪ²Ϊ
һλ˵꣬ڳһڸ־Ƭ֮ڻԺȻڣ֪Ǻˣ֮ͳ˧һְϵش󣬲Ҽˡ
һ仰˲
һִ˿һ¶ŭɫȴ˿ڣһ˵Ҳ֧ڻԵ˵ֻǲδڰˡ
ڻԣҪ񡣡
ȿڣɫõĺǳڻԡ
ˣ֮˽ΪӢۣΪŮң
ڻԲΪֹ㲻˵ǱԼǿŮӡ
ԣʵնȻ佩
ŮΪ˧ҲмΪֺ֮οЩݵܵ޵ǿߣȻڻʮֲȴҲųڲŮ˧ӣųⲢ߾ͬڻԵĻȻܹ˧ϣ֤ŮǱѰпڲͬ츳
󵨿ͽвҪֿ֮
˧֮ŮӲδڣһϰȴѴǳ⡣
ۼϰ۸ڶ˶ŮΪ˧飬мƽϣŮѰ
ϰ׺ǳڣڻ˿ƣͽСĪ£ҲͶΪ飬ղͳ˧ҼˣһԻȥ
ڻԣס죡
˴ҲѿٶȺֹ
ͳ˧ְ֮ʱҪᣬһУǾ̷ģò㡣
˵ڻ¶޵Ķ¡
Ů˧ĪҪ֣䡣
仰˵һ룬Ů˧Ȼ˵ΪΡ
޷
Ů˧΢΢ףʾδŭ
ڻôһ֣Ҳ˼Ȼ˿ڡ
֮дսŮ˧ֻ㲼ϣսȻԽ˷˾֮սűйѾܹΪΨһȻʵǿߵʵսĺĺͺܡ
ϣɢȥŮ˧ȴǳסߡ
в죬ҲȻѹƣҪǹؼŮ˧ŻὫϸѯʡ
ȥŮ˧ҲĨǣֱӿڣܹЯˣл
˻˵߷֪ŮΪ
߳Ƭ̣ڵҲµû˧ʥŮɡ
ԣЦ֪ʥŮһְǳѾͷģҾ½ʥŮ
ȻѾµ߰˷֣ʱ׿˵Щ𾪣ʥŮ츳Ⱥһ޶еĵλ峤г϶޷ΪֻʵΪλ֮
һֻ۾ʥŮ
߲ԣֱֲӿѯʡ
ѩһƺͿߵɻЦǣҵְ𲢷ԵС
ߵͷ˵Ҳǽɻ
ӪսҵĿӪȻн
ȻǴˣĻҪ˵ֱ⡣
˭֪ôʣȴδش𣬶һ⣺֪Ϊλᷴ񣿡


524 
һ㶣漴ͿڵԼĿԣȻ֪֮ϸԴ˲ǴܣȻҴӦˣͲʳԡ
ôش֪˼һָԱʾ£Ա¡
Ҳǵĸ»;ԣ巴ѣ˽Ϊȡ֮ʵϲˡ
΢𣬿Ǵ֮˵
Ҳ֪ѾãЩˡ
һ˫۾עߣڡ
ƿض෽磬Ҳĳһ֮ǵԴıԴ֮ؼʿܹȡ籾Դ֮ҲȻ࣬ȴµһģѲأһҪֹЩͼȡ籾Դ֮ʿ
ûֱ˵˵Ϊη񣬶ȰѲصְ˵˳
ߵͷʾ˵ȥ
˵ľκһ֮ڣΪǿٵĶؿռ磬ԴȪҲͬǸռ䡣
ب˶ְ𣬲ûпʲôǾö֮һЩǿʼ˼Ϊʲôĸ֣ȻǿԴѲأΪȴ޷Щ֮ȡԴ֮׳Լ
˼̽ȻûзֵָĸԴȴײķһܣǾ˵겢ȫġ
겢ȫ
߲ƣ겻ȫ鵱Щ˼ճ˵겻ȫǲģ˲ǿʵ츳κη鶼޷⡣
ǵģһ֤һµʵʵһȺܣͳĿܡ
ڷ֮г֪߰ܵ޲߿ѣʱҲҪ겹ȫղδʵ֮֡Уÿÿ֮أ˱ȻսǰߣԿǿδ֪ĵˡ
˵Ȼ̾Ϣ˶һǱʶĸ֪Ҳ⣬֪겻ȫֻΪʹ֮һǱʶķ뷨ͻ
ɴ˵ֻҪ
Щ⣬ѵ˷ѵĸԴ
߷ʣҡҡͷҲȫǣΪǻһֱڳѰҲȫİ취Ͼ겻ϸ˵ֻǿܣܳƵˡ
Ҳˣ˷һܣͳŲȫ꣬ûгɹƺȴˡ
ͳһеȨ˵ǾԲֵġ
ںܳһʱеĳ߶оν겹ȫ˽ȴʱ𣬶ĻļƻͿʼˡ
֮ԷѣΪѾû·
˵ͷ˶֪ȥ˳ᱻ׻Ǳзѡ
˵ѵĽ֪ģûܹƷͳΣӶɱµĺһ˱Ԩĥ񷣣񷣴ʹࡣ
ߺȻһ£ʵǿ֪֮Ǻ˴ԭѲصְ𣿡
ҡҡͷǱǵϣ޷õϢ˶ڲܹ񷣣ѹ£վûκεĽ
塣
壿
ʱһһĳҪ¶ɵģܹΪѲʹߣҪһǿʷԨԴ츳ڵΣϸϸ⵱еʱƺ
ǵģһˣӺмơ
֮ᵱ߻ӡ̡
˼ĳ֣ȫϳ
ȴûκεĽ統˳һǵĳߣҲ޷˵Ǻʱߺ֮ġ
˼ãſڵĳزżȻδսпܻ壬ҲգȻ߳һ۽Ҫʲôܻͷˡ
̸һ䣬ȥ
Ȼ巴ѵԵ˵˳ҲǹһʷϹĩ·ʱӪսȨսȻ֪֮٣ǸʱˣվһȨ
֮һսȻ߲֪Ϊλȷǻصסץʱ׼˵սʵľ;
ͯѾֹһε߽ӡһֱΪ˷Υԣ򲻵Ѳȥʹã壬Ǳˡ


525 սʼ
յıսת۱ȥˡ
һյ賿Ǭɽ±һɱգи̺һǿһɱ
ģ߱ȥҵ
ʥŮ£һ󡣡
ɫ
ʲô£
Ҳ䣬ֱ˵˷սǿʬ壬á
ߵҪЩȣʵҪʬ
ҡͷȴҲûи׼ȷ𰸣дá
Ƭ̣˿϶Ļش𣺡õģһȥš
л
õ˿϶Ļشֱ߱뿪˧ʣǰսԤء
ȻԲﲢδоκϢȴķ֣սʿǲûԥɻƺʥŮжϼŲɡ
գض˼ѤֻǴʱޱߵɱ֮УԵЩۡ
һӶӵսʿɢڶǿߵָųƣȴ˵ĵ
ĵһսͬҲ֤Ǽܵһս߶һҲףԴʱӰѾսߵǰء
ʱһȥ죬ԶʵжȻֳƬƣƵһ˴ӭչ졣׽ҫ۶Ŀ
죬Ȼˣ
һ棬ȴȵƮڸ߿գָź·糱ӵ
𶯣ɽڲǰ·ǼʮͷߴɵսޣЩƻǻۼ׿˫Ѫ죬׳ľɽصмƽء
ս޵ĺ󷽣ɫɵĴ糱ˮһӿսпɼǿ߷ԾڴϿա
Ŀ˳棬߻Ȼ˵Ӣ֮Ŀս֮¾Ȼмֵˡ
ߵսΪ࣬սʿɵսǲûսޣӿľȺʱȴ˿û˼
ұսڷͬһǿսʿһӶӵսʿڿǰֵսʱԼͬķ񿺷ܵĹֽС
ս󷽣ϰľսʿػһ޴Ľɫսģн࣬ۿɼһɫϵսΪĳ˷ɢ
ԡڽɫ֮еսʿ·װһ׽ɫսף϶һĨâ
ĹսȻʼã
߾ڿУע˷Ӵ󣬴ԹһʮϣǰϢȻ޲
֮ĵû˿ƣҲģͼӰսһֹսĶսʿսӳֵЧӳϿȻ࣬ӳָ֣ӡ
оԼĪʱ߶ʱ߶ˡ
뿪սп϶ҲǱƴƵʱҲ룬ֱӹͨͯٻͼ˲ɢԲͬʱͼϢɢȥ
Դͯӳƿͼ֮ʱͼõõ޸ϢԽڳսʿ֣˿
ͼһ·սʿиУ׷̧ͷ
ߴʱ߿գͼɢĺ֮͸¶һ˿˿߲ڸ߿γһ顣
ֻƬ̵Ĺսʿ׷׷ХһɫâڣһԶԽɫͻأĳչһ˸˽ɫսʿС
ɫѲʥ䣡
Щ˶ʢʱڵǱͼϢ֧¾Ȼѣ
Ȼе˶һչʥ䣬ȻֻɣеѪڣʥ֣ܹκǰĵ˳׽飡
ԶڿյǸԾ޴ĽɫҲһʥϾ
ڿ̤ŵĲߣһۣϣ
߲δ𻰣һָѾ벻һ
ᣬӰȻθ߼ɣнɫʥ䳯ǰһָ˾ǰӢ֮еκθ赲Ųĵˣ
·սʿѪڣԭ󷽵ͳ˧վǰأǻʲôɲս
һĳХǧսʿΪһƬɫ
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Ǹ߱
ʱ˿̣ѾûĲΨһеģǵң
߿գ˫ƽע·
ϵ˴ʱûмսǷֱߡ
һ貵Ľâʣ޾ֱӽһͷս޴л
һսһν棬֮ǿ߱㺷Ȼ֣


526 ȫʤ
ֻһ˲䣬սѿʼ
ǿһնɱսޣ֮ȻһâһĿڼ׵ǿֳֺɫ޸ӭ
˿壬г׵Ѳʥ䱬ҫ۶ĿĽɫʥԣսһ
ʯ⻪Ľռ֮ζѣƬƬ˷嵴
ֻǶ̶˫ѾսͿȫռݣܹڿնеǿ߲ʱѷ׷ڿպͷڿеսʿɱ
ϸսʿսʿΧս޺ηĹЩ޻мӲۼף˵ǣսϣȻǿߣ޾Χɱ֮УҲĿܣ
սֱӽȻ״̬
˫һϵ½ȻͬսȻûϸķָߣʱ޿̶дƬƬѪӿ£ÿһ룬ʮʮ߲ȱȫʬ׹䡣
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ѹƶκξ˶ž޴ƣһƱôΪͻĵȻҲڶǿߣλȻ֮һжȾϷ磡
սȥѾûж̶һӲӪļʮͷսѾնɱ
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ӪսҲСۼЩʧأӪѸǿ߹ԣڿն뵽ԿսŵУ߰ʾǿ߳սţɱ¾
ϵսѾβйͬڻټսľ޴ЧӦսʿͬǴݿĺɨһ
Ȼʵֻ۾ڽ֮ѾȫܹʾʿλʼջⱻԷǿͻȻѡ
սֲδֶ⣬ʼնڿάͼתҲûţעŴһսжӪǿڴ˵أЩǿߵսУ֮Ѹʵ
ս˽һʱӪһǿ߱նɱ²սʿ׷ȥ
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һսսʿʧ٣սʿʧһǧȴǽǰʮӪĲӼնɱǿߡ
ս󲻾ã߱صԼӪʣߵʬ忪ʼһһ
Ȼ»޷͸ӡ֮еѾйأпǣ浽Ĳ棬ܹӡһ̶ȣкܴĿɴ˵Լĵ
Ӣ֮УѾᵽ˵ǿ󣬻ľ̫֮߱𺳣Щ쿪ܹľĵӡİؽ
¹翵ĳȻһһϦ֮Ҳż֮ǽԼʵѸʾڣһһ죬Ϳ̤֮̽һﵽ񾳣ǳصĿʼ
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ڸ¿Ǹ£
£㿪ѯʡ
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ԣ˵ͷȴû˵ʲô
ʿʢֱӽ򣬽֮ΧЩƵû
һλǿ˵Լ뷨
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˧г˰죬˾һսĿ꣺۷ǣ


527 ۷
ǰ̽Ѿ㱨˵˴ͳ˧һ۷ǣ۷ǱͳΪһء
۷ʮĵطʱȴټ۷ǰ쳣ؾҲ٣Ҵеǰȴ˿ûж
ѵһѾ۷ˣ
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ǰһֱѹ۷ǲʮλãжļ󣬵ȴࡣ
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󹤷ԼĪĶǰһλã߿ͨϢжϣԷûжǿУЩǣָ֧ӡ
ͬҲһ۱㿴նߣʱһһЦ
пΪ׵һɫѪսޣԼĪϰͷ󷽵սʿͱȽϻˣĶУսԿ֧Ӳں֮ڡ
С𣿡
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һĻ߶ʱаû뵽ЩѪս޵Ĺʽ˹Ź֡
пʼǿߺǿ߲ϵķɳͼնɱЩŹսޣֻû뵽ǣЩǿһ֣ĺ󷽾о̷ɳǧѪǵɻȡ
Ѫûͨļʸһ䣬ڷɳս֮Ȼڿ۳·ڸѪɫһ滤ܣȻѶǿߵĹֵ
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ڿе߶ʱüǰľѾЩʧأӵǿսȴ޷ƿԷѪɫܣ򲻵ˣʿкܴӰ졣
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Ȼıȴδ֪Ѫ徹Ȼսʽ¶ҲǺ޶ԲߣΨ˱Բߡ
ֳ񾳵ǿ߶޷ƽ⣬˱ٴ֮廹ĵǿ߶û飬ܹĹһȥ˼Բߡ
Ѫս޸ͷӴٶϲռƣѡ֮û׷ϣǷ۷С
˽ӽӪأһȻûжȴ쳣Լս㣬ǸûлֵĵطֲܽãӰ쵽ʿ
ӪأûٻǿƽѪķ󷨣ǶԴ˭Ҳ
ԼǰЩͨӡõӴҪһʱգͬʱҲҪȥѰٵټΨᵽ˵⣬ǳΪǿߡ
ʱ۵ǿ߻ĹǿȻʵǿ߰й۲֮ҲûзѾԼĵɴ˿ɼ֮һ;ѷǳ
ҹĻ٣ڵ˧֮УλǿԼڻԶС
ѪսѾ֪λ۷֮УǱƻࡣ
û˵֪ѪսܣֱӽеǿȫٻͼѾǺˡ
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һǿ߿˵ᵽ񷣽֮ǿ֮еѾ޷ӦѹµսˣֽսӵµĿκ˶޷ܣǿҲ⡣
˵ͷΪֻ֮нնжܽǰ֡


528 նж
ҹĻ֮£ǿͬڻԴ뿪Ӫɶ۷ǡ
۷Ȼ䱸ɭϣЩѾﵽ񾳵Ĵǿ˵ͬ裬λǿߴɵľͽ뵽۷ڲ
ҲѾǲһ̤񾳣۷Ѳڶ࣬ҪҲǲܡ
۷֮ѸٳһǱУѾжϳνսλ۷ǰ䳡ϡ
ڿҪ䳡ʱ߱㿴ټ䳡Χ鲼ѲտĵһṹӴͷھתš
ֳѪɫȻѪķΧѲҲһɫѪսʿĸߴᡣ
ûеһʱͿ󣬶ѡһεĽ侲۲졣
һѪ巨ռطԲӽмݺύ鲼ˮͰϸѪɫÿһ涼תѪɫħƣЩħƻɬѶŷתʱǿһĺâ
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˵һ񣬶ϰԵĳΪ쵶ûһؽͬǳν֪
쵶˵꣬һڻԱȻҲģǾֱӳȥѷˡ
һһһ⣬мıмţΪٸߣڹļƵֶҲмΪ֮
ƺҲȥѰҷĺģֱӵͷͬڻԵ˼
͹۷ǵĸֱȻʱֱӾͽ۷ǵ˧նɱû˧ĲȻͳһɢɳ
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ãȻǼ򵥷һ£Ժһͬ󣬵Ҫ罫ƣһԷǿ֣߳Ǳ·ڻԸ¹Һ͵ؽͬλСֵһɱ
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Ƭ֮ͬʱնԷʩչΧЩѲ赲ǡ
˳֣̾ѲߵһӶӵηĴӸͼسˣֻЩʵֻ˵һ֮Уκһǿ߶Ի֮նɱƬ
ӹ˱Ѿ嵽ǰͼ쵶͵ؽѹƣλ񷣱ѹ֮սǣ޼ɵ⹥
ǿߵȫк棬ħƵѪɫʱζԭҫ۵Ĺâܵһ˲ʱâǣâ뷨Ϊ쵶泯Ϯ
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Ƭ֮󣬱Ѫɫɢʼתȱڡ
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߶ȥΪ֮һɽͷݣ˫һںڳۿǳ˫ֿտգȴָɹ״
󣬸ŵ֮⣬ʮԼʾ۾ǿߣЩװ죬ĸ죬Բͬ塣
ɫǰһȥ־Ȼλ񣬲ɵЩԥ΢˼һ£Ŀϡ
Ψһһ񾳵ģ
ɨˣҲϳߣɵһЦ
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˫ûֱӹ۹Ķգ֮侹ȻֻܳģħħԼһ߶೤εǺͺЩƣֻȴûβͣϻᡣ
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Զ߳쵶һȣ˼ٳȥ


529 Ͷ
ѹ񷣣쵶ؽ޹˼ɣ˵ս츳ԭͳһȫȫͬ޵еĴڣ¸οͬʱ֣
ۿʤǰųֻħѾնɱûκ̣ȻҲȥͳ쵶ؽǳŲԶķȥ
߳ŷȥҲᣬʱ쵶ؽ֣߶޻Ŀܡ
ԶĹڻһֱڹ󣬴˿ټķѾȥһ룬;бʣҲ޷תˡ
ۿѶ߽Ŀ䵽һϡ
ѪŮƺҲ֪ذɣûжֵ˼ĿͶСͶòã
üŮʶʱֻͶɲ˵˵ͳɵġ
߲ش˵㲻ģҿ԰ҵıѪԪѺѪԪ꣬ʱɱҡ
⻰߶ʱΪȣѪѪԪ꣬͵ͬʿԪǣһ˿ƣ͵Լڱ˵һʱ벻ΪʲôôϵľѡͶ
ȻüʱԱȴǷ˱ʡ
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һ۷Ƕʱɧ˵˾۷ǵǿߣֻǿϧΧɱûзӵء
նɱǿߣѾҪǳˣŷһ׻飬䳡ںڰʱѾۻԶս˵Ĳӵˡ
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ʱҲʮֵľȣԭΪŮֻǿЦѣû뵽ȻģôصѪԪ˳
ɵ߸ǰֵݹѪԪ꣬ȴߵĻظ
Ƭ̣ջֽѪԪӹͯӱ棬ͼռѾٴݱļ󣬵пռޱߣֻͯҪѪԪһ䣬ͼռ棬Ҳҵ
߽ѪԪ£һƺӦǵġ
ΪʲôѡͶ
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˵ӪǳһеģǶսĿȷӣսϼͶһ˵ΪȫӪķ
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ߵʱ㵣ô˵赭дģҲ£ҪȻҲʹͶˡ
Щ㵵ĵһЦ˵Щֳļһź㣬ӦһӢľ
֣²ҪᣬȻͶңôԺһҵģΥһ̻ٵѪԪꡣ
˶ģȻġ
˿ûͶӦеľȻƵƵۡ
ǲǴ̾
ЩŭˣֳϣοһѪ塣
ۿ߷ˣٶЦĵ˺ˣЦ˵꣬ԹԵվ
ԶЩȻ֪ȥδӵǿۿѾƳų۷ǣջǷ׷׳ӿ
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ǿ߷׷ױʾԸͶϣмѪǿͬԼѪԪꡣ
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üЩ䵱ֵǲֻԼôһȺȥ»С鷳
µļǿۼԥ԰Ԫ˳
˼һ߻ֽеѪԪͬһͬ𶪵ͼռ棬ȻתЩ˶
ǿظ׷վ
ˣԺκ¶ҵ˼һΥɱ⣡
߶һǿ˵
Щһ׺֮ȻΪѡͶ׼պᷴһ


530 
Զ쵶ؽԭѾٹעߣȻΧô壬ɵ÷Щһվ󣬶ʱ档
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ԣʱЩãҲˣǲҲҪɱ
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˰죬쵶վ벻ʲôߵĻĶһ䣺ҲգȻóе׼
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֪û£ȻҲʲôľٴ룬ֻʵʵĻش⡣
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ǵʵŵսеĻȻС߶ʱ䲻Ǽ뵽սȥ
ʱ䣬ڱʯоһ£һѵõϾʱˡ
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ִʵ֣ô߸ȷһɾͣҪԽ߱Ļľ
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ҪʵִĴ룬ôҪľǶԼĵӶѿݵпʵ֡
һ󵨵룬Լ֪Ϊλ뷨ֻ뷨һ֣Ҳ޷¡
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ôҪʵ룬͵ͬǽԭһһΪѶȿ֪
Ѿǵ¶֪ߣ۵ս黹оѾ˿ЩǿߣҪ˶ãִͻʵ֡
ǲ鿴һݷڵһѪûǣѪȻݷ״̬̺ĵⲢδͷų
ʼСĽʶ͸ȥ㽫һѪͷţһµĹ򣬴ӶԼµĵṩһЩݡ
Ƭ߽֮ʶջأľȡ
ľĵ֮⾹ȻеĿŰɱ죬෴ģľĵƽͣ·һɾ
޽Σľ̬Ǹ޷׽ģоһ࣬ǾһУʵԼ˼άйصĶֱ֣ǸӵĽӽֻأӽϢȻ


531 Ѱ
˼գȻˡ
ҪĺۼôҪ׵ķſػأתٿݣܲ׺ݱϢֻнںϣܹ⡣
ʿ˼άӶΧҪ֪Լĵ۵ĶǴֱ֣
뵽˴жʱȻʡ
ʵʱ޿̶ߣ·ߵҰݣϵľ裬㣬Хĳ磬ࡣ
һ㣬ôѰδЩﵱѰټˡ
գߺȻֱ뿪ʯռ䣬תͼС
ͼѾݱΣȻֻһСǬ磬ȸСȫ෴ģԽСĿռ磬Խҵټ
ߴʱ̤ͼĿȻܼˣҪͼѰҵ
޳ˮ޳Σֻ۾ȥĻҪҵȻԵľ㣬֪߲᱿̶ֳȣѾĺףѰǵͬȥصݻӣоȡһ˿ɾԼĵ
ղͼе̤ƬʱԼ̲סĳԾ
ͼѾȥԭĻ״̬νؾ֣ϣȺɽããһ֮ɾ
ô뵽ˣ
һоߵĵͯͯӸͷѾ࣬ȥʮһĴ亢ͯһʰ쵵ս״ȥݣҪ˶սҲһǿս
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ֱ˵Լ뷨Ҫ˵˽ͼģֻͯˣԼڶ֪ͼΪ֮δ漰
ͯӳƬ̣˵ҪĹ켣ȻԭʼڲΪˣͼģʱһҲǲܵġ
ͯأȻԵ˽Ҫ߶١
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ԲɣͼڲѾԳһ壬㲻ٴṩҲݻճΪǧľ֡
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ײ˲īΧޣ·һ˲䣬ض׶սеǺȻԼ޷ƶ
һ̣սŷսţҫ۵̫ƶĿռأ紺ˮһ˲еٴλָת
սȻڼƺһвû̫ı仯·ǰһһײֻѰʿһƴ
⻪Ļʥ쵶ĵʧŷеȴǷһ΢Ĵ죬̶ȻѣһضϽӿֱ׹ء
ͬʱŷľ޴ɫǸΡһǺȻ
һζײսŷ񽣡ȥһΪۣӲֵס˹ʥ쵶ĸһ
ʥ쵶Ȼǿ󡣡
жϽŷһʱָ賤ٴνǧ·
֮ȱؽս޲ʤ
ϵн£ΪսǶʱܡ
˧С
Ŀŷջأ̶Ĵ˾ŷȻܴⳡսԭû壬ǳ֮
ĺŽ֮սʿ׷˳űˡ
ȷ˵ûһûκսⳡսˣδսκãĺ塣
ΪǲӣܹսٳɵֵزѾǾ޴ĳɹҪ˵Ψһź¾ûܹûѹ񷣵δս֮У彫޷ռϯ֮ء
Щ˭ܹĵ
˵ȥ֮ⳡսڽ³бʬ塣
սŷѾȥʱ֮еȴʼ޾ã֮Уǲ֪δȻսˣܹһսлȥȻϣ
սŷȻǣĳ֣ҲζսĻ֮սɽ췭ظȻǿߣվǷ֮֮սֻϰˡ
̩Щˡ
ʿǶĬĬսʿʬ壬Ǻ̩¡֮ĳǽңԶ޾ҹա
ҲۣϢЩ磬㿴
̩¡ûǷϵͷָԶһԹǹ⣬һĹ⣬һֺܺõԤУǵ⽫ָĵǳ
ɲ̩¡ָȥؼ䣬һֵĺɫϢݷ
ǷǺǹ⣿
ȻɿǺȴû˵ҪѰҵģѵǿԼսȥ


543ʮգѡա
ȻɣȻģѲյġ
սŷ֮˵ĺϯصսȨ֮սĻ֮ʥ쵶һսŷǳսĿס
ľ֮ϣԭռŵĿռ֮ȴʱʱĳһǣΧʱ̽䱸šʥ쵶ĳ֣֤ЩȻǷ֮սߣȴ߱ԭ㾲ٰ֪ȥҲкõĽ
ںյһǣսŷǰΧĲ׽ʿЩսʿΪԴֻҪڣǾս
֮Уŷ߸ڻƽϣ˫۴Զ֪硣
͹ʥ쵶һǶʵ޴Ȼ𣬵ս֮ȴʹ˻ٻûս֮δսʧȥشС
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ֻͷֻһ漴ɢ޷뿪սŷս֮ӣôﻹпս֮ˣ
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ãŷһͣȡʯ
Ӧȥ󹦷һɽľʯ㱻͵ŷǰ
һʯӵз޷ǿκ磬ؼյ׳ʯ޼᲻ݡ
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˿޴ʯŷԸһȻ£ǴĴ֮ϡ
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ʮգκ񣬶޷̤Χǧڣһ̤룬Ȼ޾ΧɱΧɱԶֱֹһŷǳױ飬Ҳ޷ṩ
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Ϣ֮䣬ĴĸȻһƽţƿصȴѾ⼸գͻʱʱĿʱʱ֣żóǳػʣʧյľͷߣǧʿжǰС
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һǰδеĿ翪ʼŰƬأһĿ֮ﲻ
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֮£һλͬ׽һ𣬾עмĴͷһ̣ǲδȥʲôֻڵȣѾд˵δ
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ɵ˸Ⱥǣ·һȺҲȥ˹ԡ
̩¡δעãĿջ䵽Զϡ
ǵƺǿЩ̩¡ƺԱߵкŻΪԼѰһȥɡ
ǵģҿˣǸһˣ
עǵɽĺᶨ˵
ǵģһ̣ҲĸúúϢһˡ
̩¡³ǽ·վ˵ʲô̧ͷգôþõţԼԼҪʲô
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һֻ޴ķŷɹҹգĿĵķţѾ֪ҪδҪ˶ãͻᱻĴ괷Ҳ޷

ҹУҰڿ񱼣˻𣬱ҲڼУ޺ޱߵĿ־ڵĶҩʼ޿ײķɢ
ʮ֮գѣʮ֮գĩ١


7 ֮


544 ޼
һյҹĵĸ˺ǿ֮УӲͬķλעĴı仯
˵ǲͬģǿ壬߼һ˵ֻעıԴΪԴ֧ԴȪ
Ĵܹܹ֮ӡǣԼ񼶹ȣ벻ıԴ֮ûıԴڣǽֱӱ̳ȻΪȴҲʼ޷ѷ˵硣
һֶǿĲ˼Ĵڡ
ʱ˿̣һЩ˵һЩٶΣǵ̳ǣǲȡʩôֵ֮Ƚᱻݻ١
κһ˵޷̺ͽܵġ
֮սǿԲᣬⳡսȴС

Ұ֮е֮׵𶯵˫ؾ֮»Ϊһʯԭλ֮·ĴͷʱȴѾ׵ĳ˴֮ϣΧѾع֣Ŀ꣬Ψڵ򰲾˿û𶯵ļ
һλ׽ֹվڷΧ
޴ķ⻪ҫϵ³һɫĻԹ⣬мӴܳ뷨ڵƬ֮أѸٵŰűԶ
ʱ䲻󣬷ϿһǿĿ޷ۣѣεǿ˲۳һֻ޴۾ֻ۾ޱȣǱţҹһһգѭ
֮󣬾޴۾֮һӰĺܳ·һ˴ӹԴ
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ĿĹ޾ĺڰγĪĶԱȣ۾֮߳ˣ·ˣƺеĹⶼڸĽŲ
ž޴۾һûӰΪһ졢촽۰׷ڷϿա
͸¶޾Ĺ졣
֮һӭ޼ϡ
쵽˼İ׷꣬һȹʩ
޼˻֣ʾһ˵һԣ䵽棬ʼ۾΢΢̧ͷǸոմصڸʿһ
ʲôҲվţ۾һֱĳȥ
ã۾ɨһһۣ˵˴ȻΪҰҵҲ̫飬ϾѾкüǧδعˣѾԽԽԶ
һ޼⼸仰һɫʱһ䣬æ޼ϣ˴սϵδ϶
ţ
޼Ťͷ˿һ̶ЦǲðɣͬΪķϣһպãܹһȥˣת泤޼һȥġ
һͷ˵޼֮صĳĪĶԹʱ˵ȻǱԼͳйڣҪ˵Ը֣˵ǰжĵطûΪս
֮Σ޼ֳ̬ȺǶⳡϵδսûжȤ
Ǻǣţȥߡ
һ˵޼һЦٿ֮ʧ
޼ˣڳ˶ŷ׷һ޼ʵǿ󣬶Ըޱߣκһ仰пˣȻֱӽ˵Ĩɱ
Ϊ֪޼Ƣԣһܲ˵Ͳ˵޼ǰ˵ҪȲ˵ֲĶࡣ
Ĭãһſڵú׼ɣٵĲֻ޼һλ
ب޼ǿΪ٣ܹȷиӦͨʱͨԵģֻλһûųյѶϢ֮
ʱھ뷨ǧ֮ĵϣӰһΣһ۵޼ͻأĳ
֮޼Ųһξ룬ȻֺȻ쿪ָ΢γһצ״ȻֱȻ³ָ档
ָأӴע棬ͿΧĵ濪ʼҵĲһѷ֣֮󹤷Ѿûгһ׵棬ԱСһĹռ
󣬾Ϳ޼ұ۷۷ֱ۵ٶȺ͹켣ͺץӵо޴ĶЩ
Ȼ䣬޼һȣұѸٰγϺȻץһ߳ɫޱȣڱ˲ʶѣ֣
ץһɫ޼¶΢Цֽգʶ˲һ߲ʻԹ⣬ɫȥ
ͬʱΧĿ·˲ͣͣɫĽʶҲ쳣޼ִϣڷʶ˼֮
ǺǣĵһԴǿ󡭡


545 ֮
ıԴ֧ԴתĻʯĻʯѶʱпܵ߸

ң籱ľ¡
ԭʼɶģϽ֮˷ȻֻǺڰӣȴưʨսɱҰ
ͯģĺɿԭʼһ£ʱеϳɣ۲Ǹո˵Ҫһ֮ڽһֵô߷Ҫµȥˡ
ı󶯣ѣһȻϯأ̼ʤ
ԭʼҡͷ͡
Ľֻͣҡͷ̾ϢǺںһ֡Ȼ˵ڣϻӣǺˣһҪꡣ
ԭʼҪ˵ʲôȻüͷһ壬ֶΧһץһ΢â˸뵽ǰ̵С
ôˣ
ɻʡ
ԭʼָָֻ̡
ɽĿ䵽ϸƬ̣Ȼüµⲻܰɣʮǰľͱ֮磬ĵܻ֮档
ԭʼҡҡͷķƿغŽľ֮磬˴Ԥϣ֮ѪǾȫпܣ
һ꣬ǵ߸ĴڣжǿͿжǿ֪ԺδҲû֪սںδһȷǾǲģѰĲ㣡
ʮǰδﵽĸ߶ȣԵ޷¶ȣǻǿЩһ֣ףƺң
ɴߴӣԭʼȫע
ƿ߲δΪµ֣һ塣

ھ֮ǧһҰϣ֮ۼ
ĴУ˾վҲԣѾЩӣؾޱѾսʼΪⳡսʹ֮һƺѾ¿
ѶƻʲôʱԿʼ
⼸Ѿѯ˺üΣÿεõĽһǾʱδƻʱִС
Ĵû֮սгٳٲ´￪ƻⲻɵһֲõԤС
Ҫս񣬰ѹǧ񷣽ƣƻٳٲⳡսûκε壬ǻ˴һʮΣյľء
Ȼ޷۾һսг׽ܣôȴǵĽԲãпܻᱻ塣
˾Ӧȥ󹦷͵õ˽ȻǾ仰ʱδʱƻ
Ҫǵȵʲôʱ򣿡
Ȼ֪Լʲôֻ֪ʱϵԽãǵľؾͻԽΣա
ٵȵȰɣҲٵȴѵʱ
쵶񿪿ڵ

˵˻֣Ļû˵鲢

һҹȥʱ֣ӪΧѲ߶ӺȻԶһ߼ٷգ۹ͿϸзǴʿ
ЩٷеʿɢŵĽɫչнĸУиž޴ĳնɭƥ
ʲôˣ
ͬӵŷ˳֣Ѳ߶Ӷʱ󾪣ڷͬʱ̸ʡ
ЩʿϢӴ󣬲˵սȺʱͻأĳ֣һ··߷ǳ˵Ӫض
ݵļ֮쵶ؽѸӪΧ߳Ļ´˾
壡
мٶĴʿ
壬ǽ֮ˣ
׼ս
쵶͵ؽҲ֪壬ʱһ۾˳ȻˣǾǴ˼ɱǵġ
ˣ־ܣ
ǧʿпƣһĸߴͳ
µ߹𣿡
ŷеʿСֹš
ҫ壬Ƕߣҫ壬սʲôأ
̾ϢΣѲƿأΪ޷ѵŸԸҫսȨֻʧˣͱ˶ߡ
гһǰ֪񣬱׼ͬĵ·ⶼԺˣΣǰ嶼һĳС
սʿķӦҲʮѸ٣쵶֮ѸͣʺԶ̴Ծں󷽣׼
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˽Īһֱ֮УȻȥûиǣ˶ߵĲǶжвϰڣ㵱뿪Ҳܺһͬ뿪ΪˣŸеʹһҲ
һս޷ˣƲ˾һߡ
һԴǣ˵
˽֪˼漴˵ͷ
ͬˣɵײһӵй⻷һȴ񷣣һս·еһսܲƽȴôһ졣


546 
սʿȻҪʱʱ̱̿񷣴ѹƺʹ࣬Ե˵ʱȴ˿Դ֪һһսֻ֣ʱ͵ص㲻ͬѡ
ûǲʿֱȥǵϳ׻ˣʱѡľٶ
սʿǷ׷Ⲣһʤսһһսݡ
վǰ쵶ؽӵɽ̩룬ֻҪ˻ڣӵʿͶ־Ͳɢ
쵶ؽվϰ׺Ϊ֮һ壬ȻηκεˣȻһ֧еĸǿߣͳͳվǰ棬·һ᲻ɴݵͭǽڡ
룬´˾ʥŮվţȻսҲûлرܵıҪսʤˣվﶨǰȻʧˣȻܣҲǲӡ
±־ܣ
ʿͳٴθȺն࣬ź⡣
Ѿǵڶˣľ˿û־ܾ͵һ˭ԲôҲõκλӦ
鶼ʿͳƺҲʧȥԣָչ˸ץĶͿԭĳնһΣ֮±ɵ
նһңָ·ս󣺡ɱۣ
ʿͳһ£ǧʿ׷ž޴ն뵽ľ֮С
쵶ؽһﲻ˲佫ս۷壬ֱֳӭȥ֮㽫ʿֱնĲǺԵģЩʿʵʥ֮䣬ڶǿߵʱȫһ
ֻλʾǿҲ󲿷ֵսʿֻʵֻһٲִﵽʥ۾磬֮ͬ£˻ҪĪѹƣʵֻܷӳԭɣսһʼ֮С
һʿնɱһսʿҪشһʿҪʮսʿܹ
ǣսһʿʮǼʮսʿΧ¹ÿնɱһʿͻϼʮսʿȫѻģ
ɣҿЩһ߹
쵶ʮʿ֮󣬽ĿͶĸߴʿͳ졣
ʿͳͬ񾳵ʵгնһӱһǿĽâ֮սʿǳƬƬĵ£սʼ̶̼ӣеսʿѾüˡ
΢Ķߣɣ
ʿͳЦѾѾԶߵĳƺʱʱ̶̿ܵ񷣵ѹƣȻԷͬΪҲԼĶ֣
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쵶񿴵ʿͳת˫һĨһѳ֣ϣ
ʿͳҲʩչʲôͨ˻նն쵶ӵסն˾ôһһصĶűƴ
ʱ˫Ѹо˾޴ĳֱӵƴҲֱӵʵƴ˭ʵǿ˭ۺ˭ʤߡ
ǿߵʵӲƴǾ޴˵ıһӴΧĽϽսʿ̼ͱǿֱײȦ⣬ϢΧȻγһԲǧ׵յش
ҲӲƴδֶãܿ쵶ˡ
ΣѹƻǴڵģʵֻܷӵ߳ɣȫʿͳĶ֡
㣡
쵶ٺ˵ʱԱһȣؽؽ
쵶ؽѾãʱϣ޷ʿͳնɱֻȻǲڻ¡
ɣȥʥŮ˾ͽˣ
쵶˵ֱ꣬һɫСƿͷƿҺ¡
쵶ľٶؽʱ󾪣ˣһȻսʤҲ
쵶µĶҲУΪ䣬д˾ʱƳʱѹ񷣵ĶֻҪѪΪӣ֮򲻵ʹáһʹ䣬ɱˣԼҲɢΪտǡ
䣬Ǳ֮
ʥŮȻǳӣҲҪȥ
쵶Ȼ䣬Ҳûй˼ɣǰ²⵽һֽʵ뵽ϻٳٲϿƻͼıֻǲΣЩȻӣδսã軨˼ΪǿǺ·

ؽһƺߣ˫ֹؽڸ¸ֱ죬ǼȻ쵶Ѿ䣬֮أǱս֮Уնɱʿ֮˱İȫ
ѹһ쵶ʱƱǣ˲ѹʿͳļ
߹ս
쵶񳤵ңָ˫Ȼչʿͳ켱ٳȥ


547 ಫ
սУԭΪܹѹ쵶ʿͳͻȻ֮䷢ֶƱǣӹгԼļ󣬲ɵ¶ء
һִһһǧˣֻһҲΪ֪ѹ²ܱսԲŻôϧû뵽ǣѾƳ˿ʱѹ񷣷ȫսĶ
ֻǶݵ˼ʿͳ̻նϡ
˽¶Կ񷣣͵ɣ
Ȼʿͳҳޱȣ쵶ܹѹ񷣣ʱŭǳ
ѹ񷣣ζȨƣ˵ְػȨκηߵĽֻһǾ
ʿͳӭϣ쵶˿壬쳤Х֮гӴĴ߶ۻã磬һһǰ޼᲻ݵļ֮
ڷ֮󣬲ⳡսյĽΣû֮ԴʱҲͺ޹˼ɣеĵܶɱһͶɱһ
ײ˲ֻһʿͳ˵ĸԶɫҲ˲Ʈ
Ȼղŵһײʿͳ첢δռƣ
쵶Цᵶٳ塣
ʱ˵սѾĺԶԶһƴɱϡɼеؽͻͻȺ֮
һĻ쵶Ȼ¶ģǾǱʿͳȥᣡ
Լǻˣô֮һᣬҲǶԵλ档
ó汾ɱ𣿡
쵶Цһʿͳٶȱ𿪣ʿͳеնѾ޷еĳƴˡ
ʿͳʱҲЩŭû뵽ģ뵽һ㣬ҲԲóȻľʹôˡ
ͬǿߣǲûвࡣ
ʿͳǰ쵶ΨתˣٶЦѵ⼸ʮķ𣿼ֱ䣡
˵ͬʱ쵶ҲûͣжһԲ֮ǧâȺ׹仮һҫ۵Ĺâֱʿͳ졣
ʿͳƺҲ쵶񳹵׼ŭ˫һնȻٷֻֿǷֿʱһնѾΪѡ
֪
ʿͳ˪˫ն棬һƬ۵ĹĻǰĻƽ쵶
ʿͳٶȶ֣쵶дϲжϣһֱȥȫʧЧ֮ǰʿͳնɱ
ֻҪնɱʿͳ죬ʣµʿһӲ
ʿͳ֮ûߣû뵽쵶ѹֻʱģȵʱһͻ᳹ʧȥսȴ
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ҪһֱӽԷƴȥ
ʿͳһֱǰ壬쵶Ҳ˿ˣڴƬƬâͬʱҲһһǰļƣʿͳϡ
һ̶һǰļƣ˭;΢е˵ͷôϾͻ̳ƣǿ߱ƴƵֱӰ쵽һսĳɰܡ
Զսһɱ뵽ǰδеĻҵУʱλ˾ҲѾսԭսսʿһĵ£Ѿѡ񡣾ܵؽʵʿ֮ϣǱϾֻһսʿʵȫ޷ʿȡ
սңսҲʮֵĲңʿնɱ룬ʣ²ˣȻսʿȴ࣬Ѿ²ˣȻͶԷȻž޴ƣҪ֪ս֮ʱսʿˣ
һһٵսÿһսʿĶʼ³
ڴʱԶȻһҫ۵Ĺ򣬹Ѹգ֮ɽ˶𾪵̧ͷǳϡɼӰ֮⣬
ҫ۵ĹǼʱ֣쵶ʿͳһѡһ
ԭͨã˵ĶԾƺδʲô춯صĴͨ˵սƺЩ᱾ĩΨս˫ʵֱ֣˶һһµ뷨ǾǾսԷ
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551 ġ
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ڷ˵ļƣ߳ʵ˵֮䣬ϢĽǿڻԵѪ顣
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552 ´
֮Ժԥȥ·ȺĪ˽ڡ
˵ľӣֻҲٵĿ
ڶǰǵؽʥŮԼ´˾ںϰ׵һʵǿĸ֣˽ĪС
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553 
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ĻûжֲòǶ飬ûرĹֻ֮ʯضٵĻһ¹ϢȻǸÿϵľŸйϵ
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Ѫὣ񵲣ͬʱһѪ˲仯Ϊһ޴Ѫܣػǰ
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558 ޹
Ȼ޽ӽҲԶԵģԷ˵ʱǲģͬȼĶʱͬܵ޷޸˺
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룬ֻǴҪģҪԼĵ̲㣬˵Լ


559 Զƻ
ȻӢ֮Ķ֮ǰ飬ģľܹ֮ɨεһΪĵŶıɱ¾֮⣬һǻľӡǣѳҲֻг񣬲ܹĶԿдһͬϡ
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ѾԼ˼ǾǾҪģҲֲӪ֡

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564 ɱһ
һΧĵΣ߲ûдЩʬ壬һһվͼռ䣬̶ʱͨص档
ӦӪһڣһһԱɱһӪ֪﷢˱ʣȻǰ鿴
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߷صʱ´ʱϣĿľŸɢͬ͵¹⣬ҫĴһƬףҹ紵ҹɵ
ֱ߷ػɽȣûֱӽȥǵ˻ɽȺѰҵһεɽʯ˽ȥҪʱ䳹׼ȡʵ񾳵ļʲôڻ޷⣬ⲢΪһ׶ҪĿռ仹ܴ
ľʬһְڿ߸оԼһ¶֣ɱ֮󰲾ʳֱһ꣬ٶ̤Ѱ;
Щ˼׿ʯΧ¾󷨣߿ʼʩչӡںϵһʬ塣֪ãһԿ϶Ǿʱһ̡
ң߿֮һƬ߲ϼΧһɫľ޴ǱǱֳõɫռؾ޴󣬷ԲӽڳǱΧǧﷶΧڣ͸ߴĺʿѲΡ
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һĳĬѾ̬ȣ˼ӣ߾ֱֶӽɱ
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˵ţΧ󷨣ڶڵľʯһָ飬߳ʯ


565 ã
ʯ߷뻷ɽȡ
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´˵ֻˣûȫϤ֮ǰǶֵĺܰ
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Ļлָһ죬ǻ᲻ȥ
ߺȻ˸Ʋɵ⡣
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ݵĽ̸֮߶һɽȵķ嶥
Ѿ˿ԸĴڣʱҲվׯɽɽϸ·δһԼվһ۷壬ҲСҰСҰ֮ܿܿ
뵽⣬ͻ᲻뵽ױһеһжΪһױżûаױʱѾѾĩյĺ֮Уδػδĺ綼ûĺۼڡ
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566 ƿ
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ŮӿǰˣԾȣֿ֮˿Χ߲µϣʱɬĿڵ˼ײˡ

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˻һ˽ԾߣȻһѪеõ˻ľĵȴδԼȻҲǲܵģԷ˵Ϣ϶Ϊ̳˻ľĵ
ȻĸΪ֮УڶɱĶ󣬺Ůһ־ֱ⣬վǺĪ
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˵֮䣬ͼŮ·컨ţǰ죬һֻ޴ƺȻָɳץ

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569 ٻ
˵߾ߣ˿ûкκ˴кֱӷ뿪ɽȡ
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ҲֻǱԿ̬ȣҲý飬޷ѰҵλãȻҲȥˡʵڲоȥĵطǰͬʧؾý顣
ߵٶѾǰ˲֪ٱһʱϺѰҵ˵ɽڡ

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ڰ׹λΪ͹Ϊһ壬һ̣޼Ӷгӭĵնȥ
˵Ӱ˲ڿмٻζĶƴ˴ʱĿĺһ£ڵͨԳѾûбҪΨһʤܣһ
޼ǰػغˣ޼ƺѾоߵһףĿ˼һĵϡ
֮ԺҲܼ򵥣һĿͷҲ˵޼ȫ˼һһһᵲסȥ·
һ룬޼¼һô˵һսѾΪ
еʯ֮ӴնΪ֮һײλüת֮һг֣Ӵзӿ
һƴֱӴڶǿһЩһͻ޷ֲˡ
ӿ˼ӣͿһ޼ȥ
һĻѾһ޼ֻ֮Ѿˣ
뵽ˣӰһ޼ȥ


576 ޼
һȥͣȻǰ޼ֻ֮Ĳ٣û̵޼»Ͼ͵ͬ׸ľ档
߽ʽ
Ѿ·ӣ
ţͿһ׷ǵĹײ޼Ӱһ޼˾еĹҶһƮҡζ
ƾһҪɱ޼ֱΣ
ԭΪѾû˵ֿ֮޼ͻȻ֮䱬ǰδеǿ⣬˲ڼٳ
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޼±ǿƣҲԿ϶Ѿǿ֮ĩ޷ٶȿ⣬һµĺʱ
ˢ
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ǰ޼ûΪжˣӭֱп۳һУȻб֮ǰĳСǹиۡ
һ̣˾ײһǿײһȷ֣߹˲þ޴𵴣ɵͬʱԶ޼
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ֻǼȺʮײÿһζǽ߾ȫΧĿռѾױƻҲ޷ԭ̬
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زʶΪҪҲݣ
޼ŭ֮࿪ڷʣ˵սѾˣһ׵£ûнĿܡ
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𣿡
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ȻˣûӣǸֵ𾴵Ķ֡
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޹أ֮ˣһ㽵ٰ棬ɱ֮صĳ
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һ춯صľ죬Χ޼˲䱬ըһ޾ĺڶȻγɣΧռƬȥ
һĻѸٻٻ飬һ֮Ѽγɵĺڶɢ
޼ѡԱߵû̫⣬޼Ըս֮ѡ֣û˫ײ֮ʱѡԱѾڹΪǿ߸еϡ
Ķֵ֣𾴡
Ұе飬һȥ棬ɱ
Ѿָƽտ˿Ѹ档
ľ޴ҪָҸոյõ֮Ҫ򣬴Ѱ֮ټͬڳȡ籾Դʵ޷ˣ֮ҵܹ֮֮׻ָıԴʱЩҲ١
Ѹѡһ԰ĵط߲¾䷨󣬿ʼָ
һ֮󣬻ָɣߴ֮ϸ


577 ħƫִľ
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֮᲻κˣҲܡ
СŵƥȻ־ˡ
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ҪȥѰ֮᣿
ʡ
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δѣЩˣͬǽδȫΪǸ𣬲ܵѡ뿪ʱǺֶ
ҺûܹΣǵ㣬һ˿Ҫ֮أﲻĴκһ˵ĵ򣬶֮硣
һʱĽӴߵ̬Ѿ֪֮䷢˸ı䣬ȻȻѹȴٽҪɱˡ
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ߵͷ˼Դ̤֮ǿҲ˸̵˽⣬죬أÿһؾ͵֮ͬһΣ֡ǳɹ֮ʵﾳѹƸΪ
ǰ޼Ծ˱ֳʵľ磬컹ңԶ
лָ㡣
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طѾйģˣͨĳҪ޴ڽʱ䷢ڴΧһʯһ֣ʧ֮أ
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߲û¶κϢκˣϢĽԼķ䡣
ڷ䣬һһһҹһλĿĵģǵĺԶȷ˺ܴ֮ĵطֱͬĵطʮңԶ֮
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Сţȷһֱ𣿡
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һͣգ⼸Ͳøˣߵʱһ㡣
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˷䣬֪СŲδϣʱھźһԸ⣬ǲܲϵġ
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һȺ˵ǱȽ⣬ǱһΨһµˣɸʮ⣬ѾûʱȥѰңһֱȥɡ
ͻȻʮֵĻϲ¶ѵһЦݡ
㡭ԸŮ𣿡
߽Ů뻳Уʵ
ҡ
ȻͷͣȻ˵ľٶѾ˴𰸡

ͬһʱ䣬ϢķУѾһ˿˫ĵü
Ҫã㣡
һ˵һ߳ȥ
һֳһķʩչ
µľٶǷģҲ˽ƫִģҲ֪ԼԼһȻ߰ǧ꣬˳ʧʱ֪ǣҺδԼûعδ

ĺӣȻҲһ㾪춯ء
¶żȥߣĵĵ
Уһزһ춯أ
˵ֱ꣬ȥӰ
ջз֮߳Īľ
ҪˣܵĻҵѪ
Ī뿴ǰѾΪһˣҧҧ촽ǲܻ庢ӵġ
˭涨ģƫţ
ߵķƫִױ۾ǰŮ롣
ɢ߼뿪ʱ̣Ī뻺ڣԸҲҵ
һġ
ߵڿյķлصţѾ
ԸҲҵ仰Īڶ˵Ҳһһ֡

Сţߡ
صס߻ѵھźֱ˺ȥ


578 ޻
뿪´磬߻գڿȥ
˼֮˾ĵطһΪ޻ʧؾǧݺյߵޡ
Ѱ̣֮ʹ޻꿪ʼ
Ȼи֪޻Ŀռý飬Ҫ֮߳òܹͨý򿪿ռͨĵط
ʮֵΣգ֪ļֻǰͰǰ
ǰĹУ˿ûиԼľ磬֮ߵʯԼɢϹżпܴʵÿȻǰ̽һ
ǰ棬佫кܳһʱյʱʵʱΪ޼Ը
ºһƯϹż֮ЪϢ
ԴϴնɱѪȡӡѾȥܳһʱ䣬뵽ֱ߱ӽͼռ䣬ͣĵط
ٲȣȻ
𾪵ǣʯ̨ϵ鱾Ȼȡ֮ľȻһԼĪ߰СŮͯ
ɫͷ䱦ʯһѪɫȹȻѪħٵĻӰ
һۿȥȷСŮͯ飬ֻΪλСŮͯ
飿𣿡
СŮͯʯ̨ˣѹеļԼƽ
ףĴ磿
ߺСŮͯתɴ۾ãĿߡ
߶ʱһ龹Ȼʶˣ
ŮͯãȻ߼Ϣȥ֮ľȴδĳ棡
Ĳǵ𣿡
Ȼвʣ̽Եʡ
ŮͯãȻҡͷǶû˿ӡ
䲻䡭
߲֪˵ʲôˣЩ֪ʡ
ͼһǬ磬뱸ȱļǳѾݻɣʱɪɪʱڡ
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СŮͯʯ̨ϣ˫ʡ
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Ȼ֮࣬һЩƯ޴˷۹衣
˺ܳʱ䣬߲Ϣ뿪ͼص֮СѰ֮·ܳ˷ʱ䡣
뿪ķ˲֪µϹż߼ռȶ·ǰֻں·;Уÿͻһʱ䵽ͼСŮܱͯ仯޴󣬵ȻСŮͯ顣
ĸ£ߵԤλá
Ȼ޻ԶͨýܹͨӶֱӽ޻ꡣ
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Լѡ񣬾·ԤҪ࣬Σء
Խͨûʱģ߳ͨһͷʱ򣬺ȻһȻͬ硣
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ĹΨããĻ֮Ӳľ޴޺ǣ
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ߵѰȻͰ࣬͵ʱһѰҵ޻ı߽һǣȻʼдѰҡ
Ѱұ߽һ֮Уٶȱ޻Ĺ𺳣Щֻļ󣬶Ȼ˲ٿߵĺ
ЩСһһĶǿᣬҲʾʿʵϢ
һĻ֮ѹ𺳣ͬʱҲЩǣ˿޻Ѿߵ԰ƱظѰ֮Ī鷳Σ
֮еʱЩʵǿΨһǿ֮Ҳոսһؾʵһؾĺﲻ
ͷīĺĻûǳû¹⣬Ȼ޷ȷʲôܿ϶ǲ졣·Ǳ鲼ΣʬɽǺʱʱǿĺ߹
Ѱ֮߸оЩͷƤ飬һ˺
ֻܼӿٶѰңȻпܻ
˼ٶ£Ȼϲ죬Һܹתܹõʱ䣬Ͳܿ
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˰£ûκη֣пʼĪķ꣬ʱȻǰһźѹѹĺʱʱ亹ð
һźƺȻϰͷǾɣ֮ǿʢ˵ǿ


579 ŭ׹
ӭϰͷ峤ӽǧ׵Ȼ߶˵½
ǾÿһͷؾʵһͷԿ⣬οһȺ
Ǿٶȼ죬߸ոսȥȺͺХӹͷǰٶȥڷйУʱʱĻоͷۿ
ȻЩǾǲܿʲôģ֮ԵͷǸʶĶͨʶѰ͸֪жΧʲôڡ
˾޴Ȼ֮ǰ߾ԵʮСˣϢ֮󣬾ǿĺǾҲѲĴڡ
һֱȺɳߣ߲ٶգԭȵ·Ѱҡ
Ⱥĳѹ֮仯̬һͷǿޱȵĺôҪץסͺˡ
Ѱգٶȿ˺Ⱥ
ֻܽ棬ϢȺٶȻܿ죬ֻЩȵǣԭϰͷĺǾֻʣһ룬һ벻ˣʣµЩǾǼܲȫ֮Ҳࡣ
һĻڻȻԭǲμսȥˣһ뺡ǾѾս
ܹǿĺǾɱ̲סЩ£ԭΪЩǾѾ޻֮н˵Ĵڣǣ˵ĺǿ⡣
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սѾ˺ܾãһѾʼֱļֻǲ֪һʲô̶ȡ
һֱȵȺʧ߲ٶգ˿οЦҪѰķǺǰȺǰȥķһ£Ҫ˶þܹȺĵǸʲôˡ
ܿҪսУ߲û˶ı·ߣٶȺܿ죬ȫ׷϶һܹ׷ϣĻȺ
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߲û̿Ⱥ̫ǿһΧûĿܡ
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һĻ߲ɵôΪȣȺĵϸ˵սǰ̵ĿѵֻҪݻ
ҲɻĹһͷǾŭ£һǼܳɢ䵽ϡ
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ΧпֲĺȺǲǴ׵Ĺ
ȡˡ
ڿо죬ֱֺȺ۷ȥųŹ
̫ʱһŭɱԼҲҪЩһƨȻھɫʱⷢɫȻѸٵСգ۹Сһ׸ߵ͡
߾ȵ۾ǰȻСĹȻѣĵҲ̫˰ɣ
С֮Ҳ֮ԶԶȥ޷оɢϢʱĹİһƷ
һĻ߶ʱһᣬǳŲɲǼȫʩչͬʱӰ磬һտԽǰŹץȥ
һǱƴͷԴ֮ûа취ʱ򿿽Ψᣡ
ܹ֮ôȻͻ뿪޻֮꣬Ŀǰʵ޷õ
Ȼû֮ǾԼĶˡ


580 ż
ָΨһĸоǱ䣬ǳ˱֮һжûб仯
ȫѹץ߻Щţѵô򵥣ǰԿȺĳʱ˿Ȼ˵ƽ
бĴУⲻãΧռ΢΢ȷ֮ɡ
˼й˺ռ䣬Ҫ뿪޻ꡣ
뿪޻ͬʱ߸ой˱仯Ѹٱ͸ޣ̶Ϊһ͸ᣬԼкɫӰں޹켣ƶ
˲Ȼ֮ԭĪĿãֲúȺһȥͲ֮
ŪԵɣ߲ٵģ뿪޻֮꣬зֱƬ֮һɶݶȥ֮᲻ܳκˣ񶼲УѰҵ½أ֮еѶϢɼ
֮ǰò֣߼ӿ첽󹦷򣬴ȻϽ档
һĹϢ磬֪֮ͨжڵĴƣϲλߺǿ֡
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̧֣֮һӳ֮ᱻߡ
飬ڽе˲䣬̻֮Ϊһ費ԹѸʧ
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޻б˼£ƣǴϢգȻѰһص㡣
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ףҲȻ֣Ѿþûпˣ˵뿪ķ磬һֱĴ٣׶ٳֹ
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ոշɵУ߶ʱЦˣط൱ƽ
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΢һԥֲָɽһһȶڿлΪһ׵ĹУԶǶӾնȥͬʱϢţ̴̵ͻء
δ䵽棬ǿѹѾ׽٣پǶʱվԭزҶɪɪܹΪεľǴսľ
ֻΪԸľǱѹȵֳԭ֮Сĵıƽ
ʲôˣ
һͷСʡ
ץķ²Ȼ塣
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֣һ˻Ȼʮֵķŭ
֮ǰ𰸣ҾͶ֡
̧ͷ˿Ѿҵҵĺգ˵Ѿƫ಻һӵʱ䡣
Ӻ󣬼ͷΪľתһǿߣ󹦷ϳһͷήҲĴ󻢣ͷ͸Ӵ󣬲Ŀǲһ˰̡
ס
ߵһ۾ϳˣͷǴס
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ͨ
һ룬׾̱ڵ߲ˡ
ǰ˿׵ƣһ룬ͬʱָٻ
ָָΧȺɴ´ɱ⣬һ
ɣô磿
õĲ䣬ָ̻ࡣ


581 ɱ
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ҵ˴ףؿһԶ
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ʩʯ񡣡
߶ʱü󲻵˽ԲַȻΪȴԲַѾ޷ˡ
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ߵͷǰЩ󻢳ƵؿΪʦȻڴһҵĽɫؿʯڼıﻮȻʧȥȻһһʧȥҲ֮С

ǿߺУ𣿡
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ǰһԲֱӴ߶飬֮¿ŰĹͽΪƽء
ɣǿἤŭģ
գ֮ͽΪƽأϵĴײɴ󾪡
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582 ָ
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ԶԶأ߿ؿڳǻ
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583 ̳
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584 ħ
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ݵŲ֮󣬼һȺնػߵ棬֮ػߵоȻ˺ǿӲѪ˿ֻǲϵǹһɫ


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侲˼ʱȻо̫ڰܵĪײ˲ɢ

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󹤷˽һûʲô鷢󲻵ʣڷͻϲĵѾȥĶӺŮˣƺܿ
һǾȣȻҲһ󼤶֮ǰƫִ֮٣ƺջ
Ȼ󹦷⴫ŲһһأžͿһһȻƵ˽ǰһĸߴޱȻĺ췢꣬췢Ȼøߴ׳ȴ൱ʣں췢Ǹһ˫ˮŮ
ھߺڷ֮վסڷȻѵעŸλߡ
ͬʱҲڿˣȴʮƣˣԼĶӺŮôഺòòѾԼжϳǵĸ˭ֻܹѪ֮ˡ
Ѿڷ֪ߺʧ֮һֱ⻤ӣûκΣա
˺һ߲ŻȻָ̾꣬û뵽ҵĶŮôˡ
߻δ䣬Ǻ췢һЦϵ˼ҵı£
췢˵֮һȦӰȻȭȻߴȥ


593 ǰ֮
ԼĶӾȻҳԼ֣Ҳ˵ֻ赭дֶһ
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ãͣ
߶ʱˣ΢ͼռץһѴϹżѰΣȻóһͨѩ׵С
Ůֽӹ˷ܲѡ
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594 
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൱磬ֻĵؽ֮ľҪֹȻƶ񤵫ȴİ
ѡһؽ罵䣬ȹ۲һΧĻﲢûκεвڣҷԲǧھȻûĴڡ
Ųʣ߳һУûй⣬ʵں޹â¶κε谭
֮һɾ޴ʯɵĳǳǰԶԶܹǳɢһЩܹ΢âĺʯЩʯɢĹâ΢ҲǰɫЩڹ⣬ű֤˰Ȼ޹֮ȴȻ֮ͬĸйӾ
Ϊ˲Լۣڽǳ֮ǰԼò΢ıһ£ͳеξ߰˷ơ
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595 
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ɫͰɫжгĳ֮ҲѾо˳ԣɫǿϢ֮һ޾ĸо
߿ɲûмˣȻŨصϢϢȴδﵽĵزһĺԶ仰˵ֻǻָıȽϿ죬һʿļŻһִ
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ԭҹһĺڰŵĹԿʼʱ·سǰδеĳ˯УЩ΢΢ʯͷҲʧȥ˹ԡ
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ļ仰ߵûʲôоŻԽԽ࣬߾ͷֲˣһܵģҳģ
뵽Ȼһ֪ţʱһ
֪֮䣬ԼȻһȫ֮У
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߿ɲΪԼڲ֪֮ͱƵһ磬ռһڣֻûҵѡ

ʱϿգЦֽ֮һżСʱ׵·浱У̶תȥ


596 ҳ
ȷԼǱĳصĿռס߲ûرĽܹڶʱڲȿռ䣬˵ռȻǲ߱ӵеĶǲģֻҪܹƿ
һʱĸ֪߷ռʵȻΧȥޱ޼ʣϢƣЩƵϢռӻཀྵӲ֮˵һȻֻڵһʽȻγɡ
мŽ̶ͬȵ򵽿ռ֮У֮£Ȼȥܿտûκ֮У߻ϡоһЩ΢谭
ռн磬ַֻˡ
֮߿ʼ𽥼ǿ𵴣ռʮѾ˻жϣֻҪ㹻ǿֱܹӽռڲ飡
ռƺֻΧãûκιԵУ͸㹻˼ʱ䡣
ϸ˼飬վѡΪֱӵİ취Ǿǿ֪ռڲֱӽײ
˵Ͷֱ۹֮Ӵ˫ʮָԴԴϵУźڰ׶Ѹߵǰ۳һ׳ĺڰ׾
֮ѡ̫ڰûѡƻǿţԭҲܼ򵥣ȻǿԵռ䣬̫ڰȻŹǿ԰޶ѹһﵽЧŻҪǿ
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һҳǰҳѾգΨҳһֱڿհ׻磬β򶼵òһߺȻ֣ԭϾķտռڳ֮󣬺Ȼ¶һ΢ɲȻһҳصػźܴƣ
оһ㣬ѸٵĽӵռ֮УȻٶȲ׽һϸ΢ֱһδ֪Ȼ䴫뵽һҳϡ
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֮翣˭Ҳ޷գϵ֮Ѿʼչ¶ߣֻҪʱգܹаأ֮
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뵽ˣ߸ɴֱͼռ档
ͼռ䣬߾ǰڵĵطʱѾȥܾˣȻֻǸСŮͯ·Զûгļ󣬲ʱĽӴѾ߳Ϥˡ
߸硭
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ʱ㣬Լһµӣߺе飬΢Цͼռ䣬̶ɢѰ䡣


597 ɱ
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һʱ֮һǳʮɽͣ
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ˡ
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½ɽڵıδ˼޴вݵ֮أбҪΪ˷ѩѰҿ޸
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绹̤ǰδ·;˺޸ҵʱԽ˺ԽҪܿ˷ѩ
Ȼλ½δԶģʮңԶа֮ɽңң
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ڵʱȺɽǰСðߵĲ㣬ҽʳƶȱðߴҲЩٲˡ
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ŭ˾֮ûٵӦԵʱ䣬֮µк˫ȭӭͭȥ


598 ս
Ļ׼ŭ˱ͱӰƱ׼ȥƴʱȴһԵ͵
Ҫ嶯ȻܹնɱҲǶ֡
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·ֻ֮ǹۿȥκһ飬ЩȻݱ䣬仰˵˵İţ̽ˣȥıǡ
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599 ϣ
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600 ɱ֮
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601 
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˵˭ӥɱң
ŮһȳһյߵѪĶǰɫ˵
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602 
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ٶȷɿ죬߿ǣ֮ɳǧǾˣҲ˺üչ𽥸о֮ŨѾԽԽˡ
Ѿﵽ۷壬Ѿ΢ΨһܹΪ֮׷ѰҲֻ˵
˵޷⣬һֱΪԼܹߵڣһУڱʲôεĲٿţҪֲõĸоҪȥѰ˵Ϊ
ڸо֮Ũ֮ٶȼӿٶȣ˰գǰһƬ֮УԼԿһƬĵ
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603 
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Աߵĺɿԭʼ㶯֣һȭմȥ
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ߵķӦ˿ڿɳֵ˲䣬տ粽ŲʩչͬʱһΣֱץ
ҳ֮֮չһ貵ķâзɳӭ˺ɵ֮ȭ
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貹⽣ԭʼͺɶɵ¶ȣڣɸѸٻζ
׹ûлкɣǽǰվľ޴ɫһ룬ֱӴӿеȥ
ۿɾȻӲ䷨һХȻϡ


604 һսϡ
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ں֮ħսʱ鲻ԭʼش
ǺأŮҲڴ̣
Щˣղоǵ⽣ǿ󣬾ȫȥӣҲûʮİա
˵ڱչأá

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ԭʼͷӦ£𽣽âţһХɫ䣬ֻԭʼΪģɲǼ䱻ݺύĽӰһݺתĽӰһصơ
޴Ľͬһͬڣڽ֮УߺȻһָоǾǰԭʼսʤԭʼڽ֮޵еġ
ܿͽͷ׿ԭʼ֮޷޵еĴڣֻһִ˵ǽһ־񹥻ǱĬ֮½͵˵ʿĶԷ־
Ҳԭʼ½ͬʱٻԼııһ޴߲ʺ«ȥϲУֻ߿ɲΪŵǸ߲ʺ«ƣ«ͬصʾ֪ǺԭʼеıһƷ׵
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ߴʱѾ飬âɳۣնߣûͼȥԭʼµĽΪʱѾӷԲǧ˷ʱȥ󣬲ֱӺ潻档
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