==========================================================================================
վС˵Уȫ-Уȫ-У޴TXTС˵أhttp://www.freexiaoshuo.com/
==========================================================================================
Խ ߣн

ݼ飺
ߣûзء
תȴεӡ
־ͣԴ޽Ϊɽɽǣ
ǿ֮·ϣڣ



һ 


001 
үЩؼҰգҹˡܼ̲סߴٵ
ɲ߰ա̾һȻ˵
תĮȻɵǰŰӰЩ˵Ĳɣ
ǰСЩįӰ̲סٴεһʹᾹ̲סҪ¡

ĮȻŴԺȥȴôҲţԼȻ޷ڹ˶Ӵ󣬶٣Ƶʮ
뵽֮еǰִʮײɿЦ
ɱ¾ΪʵΪĽֻԺôı
ϵʮ꣬һֱڿ̿๥ѧʿѧλڹ׷棬ŲƵĹסϧǣһ;УȴΪȥ
ԭҲΪԼһȹˣ룬ʱԼѾתΪҵү
֪޷ϰ޷£ױӷĶˣ˶Ϊվһ˵ʱֻĬĬķһһż
ԭףǰʮļ䣬ϽĿ̣ѧЩĵ伮֪֮ʶٶȿķ˼Ȼᣬȴв

磬أСܽŵɫСȹС˵
˵ţֺСֻϵСǷʷʵԴ
ţܽģʵ
СܽСʼѹû׵ʻ
˵ٴˣĪҪС죬㻹ƫˣģܽ㣬ҲЩŭˣǳ
ءܽһСڵϣˤСһ
ܽҲСˤûУȱСԺȥܱ߿ŵҡءҸߵȥء
һ̲סŭһ䣺ҿ
Աһεӣ׺˹ȥ

СԺУܽӵĻһ˫۾תţ׵죬Ķס
ϵСԺϷĳɫ̴ľϣϵɭȻ¶
һⳡбֻˣаá
ˣܽͷܽɲȥл˵
ܽҲҪôͷܽСϸߣԸĵ
ԣ΢˵㡣
ܽʵĴӻ˳Ʋ죬ĵۣȥˡ
ݼײûΪӵŵȻĹ˵
׶֪ѰΪ£Щص˵
֪
ң⽭ҲǶˣ磬ܽضǶѧǼ츳ǿȶ۷壬ʮ꣬ٲȻһĳ㡭Ҳ֪ˣʺȻһԶ˽ңǰ̿ǡʢһ죬ܱһƽǽϣ⽣ӰкβأǷڽԱ֮ûУǺã
ĪҪ˵ˣףѵ޷ôЩʵʵЩء
ǵ޳ʥĸ֣Щܵģֻĸ֣ѾչһշﻹЩ˼¡
ǵΪ£׺Ȼ̧ͷĿֱӣȻʵ
ӱܿ׵Ŀ⣬ĬƬ̲ŵˮܽһˮɽׯΧʮֺһѾʮܼˣͯϱ׶Ժɣڣǰ㡣
˼ˡ׵Ȼ˵ȴĪмʹ
ףЩҲǵѣǣڽϣһô
ӳ˸֪үĴڣڽϣңֻǬܽˣȴû֣Ҳûүһƺ
׶ĪҪָףϣÿʮһȵұ䣬ÿһλҵĺӣΪ񣬶ҪģʱΪ˵õҾõĽԼֵĵλɱǾԲģңж֮޷⣬׶㲻䣬ȥҲҲ޷
׶Ȼϲ飬˳㽫ЩѧؼȫġһݣҲơӣΪģֻЩˡ
˵ʱЩƺһֱ֮Уƺ˼˵ѹһ㣬嶼м͡
ûɵһʹ֮ǰǵⶼʧˣһ̣еģֻǲǿҵĲ
Сվڻ谵ķ£һɲǣֹ°Į;ȻȻĵ
׺Ȼתӵǰ֮Ϊһ죬һΪĿľ֣ٳΪ׸
˵꣬סˡĿͷ
ͷ͵ǿҵײʹ״ԶЩƬ̣ǰһϺɫѪ顣


002 ʮ
ˮɽׯѾһˡ
һ£׶Լر˲¥֮У˳Էȫȥ졣
ϢصһµĿڤ룬һ̣׵ﴦڳһ˿һ˿ˣ
εĲ׽һ˵˷ܣ
ȻȻ˷ܣȴȻĿһ˿ת޷ת죬תС죡Ĳ֣ת
ԣһأ
׸վûϲǻعȴ޷ڵۼٴɢˣ
һ㶣ʱң
޷ۼȫ
һɲǣеϣٴεˣ
ɵɵڲ¥ģǰһƵĹ䱾±ֻһһ㣡
ôҲҲŰ꣬һʧܣٴΣٴʧܣǧΣʹԵҲȻ䣬ƺź˿ǿͷͬʱһεףһεǼ˵ϧԣȻĵ׼˵ľȻûз
ǰһƵûֵĹżƽԼ飬ĬĬĴⱾ䱾
˺ܶ鼮ףѧҽѧֻ֪֮꣬ЩƵķƵĹ±ϣȴٴεĿ˺ܲ﷨߼֡
ЩֲǹƧÿһ׶ʶãȴǴǲ⣬䲻ͨʮּɬ
׶鱾Ѿ䲻ǧ䣬ȴûһܶ⡣ԭҲƧĶ˿̣ΪＫ˵ľ׷Ȼ£ϸĽ±бúõķȥ
˽ʱ״ͷƵĹ±βȴȻ񣬵Ǿ׵һҳȴɻ
ҳ룬˳ߵ棬ֻŲȴƺԼָʾ
ҪǣҳڲꡱȴƵ֣ԭף˿̺Ȼһ뵽Īţ
뵽һʱһݣǲƹž֣Щˡ
һ룬ЩƵĹ±׶ʱ߳ɵĿ϶дܣ
ֻ˷һ£һ¡
ȫףֻϸ̽Ѱϵܣͬʱžϵֺıš
һտʼױʳֵŹֵĶ
׵ʮž꣡
׵ĸӡĸ׽÷ȴһҲûףΨܽΣÿλǿŲűܼߡ

еһо׿һݺʵľЦˡ
һƪԽĹһλɸ֣֮µĹλˣûѡǼԼһ¸͹ʮȴ䵽׵С
ǰپƵĹ±ôҲû뵽ʷϴΪ񻰵Ľħ죬ȻԼȣµıȴ䱾ڲ
Щ֣ڹһ࣬ĶʽǺ󣬻첻ϣ̫˽˲䣬׿˼ʳǰļ䣬ǲ²ֽ׶Ȼ޷͸ƵĹž
ÿһҳȫֶͬ룬ÿָ֣һҳ룻ӵķλպӡһλɶȡӦҳּ֣ʽĶлܣʮֵľ׵һƽҲǷ˼
ĶƪΪ֮׳Ĭˣе𾪣ԶԶĴڽƬž𾪣
͸ʮ֮󱲣ʵ˴Ǵţ˻Ϊң
౯ﾭ꣬辶ˡ߼֮·򼫵֮ǳ̣֮ʷԼĪҪϰ
ԵõÿջʹޣԾѪ꣬ѪпѪ֮Ȳ㣡ֻǣ򣬵õΣ֮Ѳ٣ֻһ֮
֮мǣ
֮һڳãڿ⽭󱲽ǣǣ
ʮڹʮ֮򣡺ҵô˾ҪΪ䣬ĪΣ
ˣʡ

һҳͷþ޷ƽһ̣ûֻĽЩžŻ¥Լۺϳдһĺˡ
鱾Լ᷿ЩˮģԸ˲Ҫţ׵ڴϣ˯˹ȥ
һֻ̣ãۡ


003 Խ֮
ɫ΢΢ƵķȻƣǳƵϢ֮Уͷ⡣
һ̣˵ʲôҲ˵жôֻǺƽ絶һῡݵϣд֮ɫ
һУƺע֮з
һ֮˽ߣеŸǿˡ
£ûиκˣҲκˡ
һĹѪ㽣
ֻǣ˿̣꣬ȴͬĺһ㣬Ŀ䣬Ŀ֮УǼ˵ļᶨ
ǿķɽΪɽ꣬˵꣬ȡ꣬һɽ
飬꣡
꣬Ƿɽ꣬ߺ϶Ϊһ˻٣
ˣһϺõķɽʮֵҪ
ǣ˵ûѰǿķɽʱȥ
˼ãвƵĹ׳ˣ룬һ󵨶˼ľԼɷɽ
ľױ㳹׵ԷɽĴ㡣
ʼսԼرƵķ֮Уûѡ񼴿ǲϵĶʮϵĸ򣬲ϵãֲϵĽԼ֪¼
꣬꣬׵ѧʶӲû⽣ļ߲ݵĸ򣬶⽣⣬ѾĲ
Ľ죬ȻһĵĮ壬ȴȻ˲٣ƫݣмֲ԰ףһ˿̬
죬ھʼнˡ
ʵһְԽ֮ȫʵӵĽĶ¾ŽҲԽ֮
ϣõ߱ȱȽǣðߣǾٲʤ٣Ψýߣ࣬ʵǿ
׵ģʼѾεİԽ֮ʱӦԵΪԲ
Уֻ΢΢һ㽫ӦεץסȻ԰Խ֮ѡ·ʼйΪļϤͶڹļϤԺ֮ģΣйȻʹ಻ȴǼ˳
ɬ磬Сȴһ㾢ĳ֮£ͨ
š;ҫ̫顢塢Ρ涽ҫţһٳ
ڼ䣬ѪʶģǼ˵ϴʹ꣬Ҳûһ亹ѾճĸϣײΪ

һɺɫʱ˶ʱ֣˫ҲԵøӵˣһɹȻϢʱ֮ͫ˸ȴޡ
һ̣оǶȻӿĺ顣
ſ˻һйеͨķͿ⡣
ǣĬĬĽͨľǸӦǳʼαţǱͨ˵磬ȴ׳֮УٵĻָ
ͬʱʵĸоѾʧ
һ󾳽磬⣬һأѾɣ
һʣʶƺ׳˲٣ӾʶҲǿ˺ܶܶ࣬вʱֵĸоȴûг֡
㣬ȴѾףķϲʱѾԶԼȥ
һڵһʣױֱӽƫԡңһʱ䣬Ѿˮϴԡ
ϴϣһɫ˿׿˿֮еԼһңƫݵģʮ۵ӳ֮£Եһ㴾ӣԴѪɫĿǳһȻ˫ͫһٷĿꡣ
״˿ãһϺʵԭЩ飬Ҳ֮Զȥ
˫۶Ȼһ˿ɭĿ⣬ԡǽ߹ŵһϺõʱһţ׽һ㣬Ӱһ֮䣬ʱǽǰӰһ̽ˡһʱ׵С
˽һؾ磬׵ǿ֪ʹȻڻ¡
а˽һѧ֣ȻǶ֮ǰʮףȴԳܵģ΢΢ʱ˵Ĳľ޴֮һƼȻ𾪵Ըӣ֮Ѿ°ٽ
ǣ˿̣ȴ׾ٵĿɫĽɫĳһλķ緶
û뵽û뵽⣬⽣ĿƣȻģ
һֻҰӴڷٶЩ죬Ƭ̣ԡͰϡ
һǰֻһ˿ƺɫԲĶƤƤ棬ģʱϸļһĶ̽
Խһݶʱһ޴ĳ֮Ȼϣ
ӶǶܾʱкһеһӰʱն
ݣ
΢΢˲䣬Ƕڽ£
һ֮˿ڶֵȫ
ֻǣ˿̣ײ֪ʵжǿҲ֪Լﵽʲôľ磬֪ıԣвʱ䣡
Ϊ˼ŵҫ뵽͵Ӱϵİ׷ǲɣƣбһ鴤뵽Сܽǿɰģݲս֮ľģӵǿ


004 ū
һ󾳽磬⣬һؾ磬ٴϺ³һ˳Ѿõķţ˳
⣬ʣƮ㡣
ʱǴʱ֡
һµĿı˫ۡ
ûκһǰףױ֮ˣ־Ȼᶨȴ˼ʧ䣬ΪĴڱɵ֪Ϊ⣬޷һϲģֻΪΪ׸õȥһ㣬Щ޷ͻ
̬־ںϵĳԼӰ죬ףЩġ
΢̾ǿʳᣬֻʵܵõõһУûʵǴүʵҲʲôǡ
идٴ̾һԭǰ磬ʱ˼Ȼ
ǰ԰λͯϱҲʮˣںӺŮת䣬Ľ磬ʮŮӣѾޣʮ꣬ϸ˵ҲѾСˡ
λŮӷֱòһӣСʱˣɰ˿Ȼʮ꣬ȴҲǳޱȡ
ֻǣ˿ȴûǷȥ
ץһЦֻοЦЦ
ڳɱ¾磬ӣȴҲҪֻǡ뻹ڵϵĸĸиոճãͷһΡ
Ĵ߶һ£еļַ궼ȴһߣҲ𽥵תãϵһУѾȥˣ޷ȥı䣬ȴǲᡢҲ׷
߽԰֮У԰ĻʱֻĻҲǸȤ֮ˣЩ͵Ͼųϲͬȴʲôܽءɽ衢ٺ֮࣬ˣŶģŨȴûʺϢ֮УһĿַλ֮ʵΪ˲õ֮
ֵûӰǳ⣬ȻһĨɫʱߵãϽߣүôүҪȥ棬ȥ
˿ʮ꣬˱ܼɽ̵黭ף˵Ǵ󷽵壬ϵĻ㣬ʮˡ
ֻǵȻЦĿһֿۣ˿˵ͷ˱£ֻǳǸôô죬̫˼ҡ
񵭵ĻʱλŮӱһͬȾ˺Σǽڻ͵͵ףǳԵģЩС
֮Уǳ죬ȻһЦүѵóһΣΪ·㿴ˮɽׯķ羰Ҳǲġ
׵˵ͷҲãҵô˵ɽׯҲˡ˵ţ׺Ȼ֣еСŮ˿ȴͦѾЩģظݵҲ͹˳ȷʵЩŮ˵ζ
аЩ棺⽭ϵŮӣҲ߯Щɡ
Լү֮µĿ⣬ﾹЩͣظҲЩģĸоߵһ࣬ԼҵүĿƬ̱뿪һͨͨ
ȴŮĳˣ˵״˿ǹĽ⣬ʹ϶ԣ˼ӢߣʮӢŵòʹûʲôĻСŮԡ
Щȴǲ֪
ˮɽׯڲȻ׵£ɹׯԺȴҲ޷ȫ浽λ˿̣ɲׯԺǻصȥһ׵һж˳ЩԹճġ
Χׯ԰ȴһĴܼܣɵҪְȴǸ׵ʳѾûлصׯ԰ׯ԰֮һ񣬱䵽ͷϡ
һλԼѮӣһӴԲϸСЩǵۣʹ׵һۼˣЩ䡣
ײòȡˣֻ԰д꣬ׯ԰һУҲĿȾһЩ֪һƽʱΪ֮¡
Ȼ֪ׯ԰Ϊ֮˴ڣǶԼĵȴûвɣߣҲһ˵Ķ֣˵ġ
ֻǣɵ뿪Ȼûйʹ΢΢Щġ
˴԰Ժׯ԰ʱΪ֮˲٣ҰҲһĿ
Ļ׵ľȫ£׾оһʺ⡣
ףԭС˶ôĽǷϲСˣʹү˵˵Ȼ䣬һЩ˻ƵĴŵЦľ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ԭţ㲻Ը֮ˣֻǴ˿ƫƫۣԼϷԼѾ
ˣ˵ͯϱҲֻǸͷʵֻѾ߶ѡ
ң֪ûʲôǰ;ϲүȻ֪ȴûаֲźʲôá
˿̣վһۣȴûƼ
˿̣һۿ֮Уһ˿֮ɫȴѾƼ˺үˡ
Ժ֮гֻ꣬һˡ


005 ɱ
ֻǣ˿ǷʷʵȴװûƼһ㣬ȻЦݣȴʵһЩ
ūţүΪβ¹򣡡ŭһʱȻɴһ֮УȻһɫĶ̽
̽ûгʣһ̣ȴȻӢˬ˫Ŀͭһ㣬ݺݵĶ
ΪܼңӦֻǴ˿̣Ī˵ǶСѾߣǶɣҲʲôɫң˿Ҳ֪ɲڸУиֻ࣬ȴҲҪˣǲں
ȻһЦүүǻʵۣΪܼңҲж֮ôӣҲݣүû˵ǳʲôˣ£
ʱ˵꣬߾ǺȻµ꣬ԼʮģȴʮӴ󣬾˳
жʱŭһѲˣʱվǰ˵
˿̣ɫ䣬˫ĿɭȻĶ׶ģһƥԵĶһ㡣
ǰʹ΢΢һѾ˼֣˼׳΢΢һ㶣ʱͣסû
΢΢ȴȻȻ˵үڷж飬ȴΪԺд˴⣬ǺãүٻصԺԺػȻһӽ룡еôߣȻɱۣ
㣬ţƱģ˵ĿɱȻȴǲ룬Ѿŭס
ԭѹ꣬ۼŭڣԼǰ˲񣬿ģƺǿǼŭ
ȻһЦ׳˶ʮūŰɣ
΢΢һУкһţүūҾְأ಻٣öʮ꣡
Ŷʮ꣬үķ˶ҵϢʮ꣬ңҲ˰ɣ
ūŲңūšһ𣬶ʱиԹȴΨΨŵŵ˵˵ǲңȴҲֻǹѣδ¹
׶Ŀȴûбֳɱ⣬ģ˵ңʲôҵģǴ˿֣Ҳҽɱɣ
ūһʱͿ֮ʧүһ̣Ȼһĺ˫΢΢ЩڵвǼĿ⣬ڹȻԸ⣬ʧȻҵϷ׵ץסԭֻǸһǴӣû뵽Ȼĵɫѹƽϡ
ʧΪΪһܵķϲүȻõĶԷܽԼΡ
ǣ״˿ȴЦ
˿̣ԼӣūѾòɱӺˣ
һĨ΢Цƽߵߡ
˵û˿ߣΣ񲢲⡣
ţһ졭
֪׳ʵ
ūŸװڵģ˵Ȼͷķȥͷ͵һ
ãȻ֪Ը
ݡ
ۡ
Ȼ䣬һʵʰĽ⣬ɽݺݵһײʱкһʱѾ
ʯ֮䷢һУ˶ûƵλӣû뵽һֱʲôķϲүᶸȻ֡
ǴҪȴѾˡ
ֵԴʱ㱻նİԽڿؽȻޱȾ˽ľ룬Ѹݳ֣һ֣Ҳ޷
ѪˮĽͬȪһ㣬Ȼˮ鲻ϣ˲䣬ưɫĵ棬һƬ졣
ľƽƽıնϣ˿û˿͵״
ϣһ˿εĿֻš
ֻǣ˿̣һжΪ˹ȥ
Ȼһ𣬶ʱ׹£ͷ°ݼ
ΣϡУȴ𾪣
뵽һ⽣ӰµΣʮ
ɵɵվţȴû˿ɱ˺ĵӡ
Щ˫ҲЩһɱˣֻֿŵĸоǼᶨ־ȴʹ׺ݺݵĽݿֻѹȥƽ
Ȼɨһʬ׵Ȼ˵ߣȥתת
Ϲ˺˾һȻɫӵĿһۣʮʵĸ׵


006 ʤ
Ѿ졣
ˮɽׯ˲Сĺ䶯һĻ꣬ȴԴ˼ڲԡ
ҹɱһгӹ
ھԺſ֮ʱʬ壬ֵʵȻһնͷ˵ʮ𾪵ģ£ɱ㼱ҴҵĳԺ
֮ȴȻ֣һУȻ
ͨѾͷˣɱ˽ľҲ֪Ϊֶκ壬ʬ壬û˵ȥʰǵײ˵顣
ҲЩ粻ȴ˼ͼȻ֪νɱģǵ֪Ϣɻʮָ˵ġ
Щţ±ϢǱ׵ķ䣬ֻûеڷʱ΢΢һѾ֪ײˣжЩ𾪣Ǽ
Ƭ̣ɱ㽻˼£ּҴҵˡ
һУ׻벻⣬Ҳûʲôֵ⡣
һɲǣӵ֪һɲǣģѾһֹ°ţԣһУĺܵ

鷿ڸ

Ƶĺһоת˫ĿɭȻĿˣ˿̣ȴﻹǲ̬ģ
ʮ齣һһأͣѾľͶľڲתӴ
㽣Ḷ́һΣЩ޷ܣΪÿһΣּһľʹͨ飬ģûԸܳܵˣףȴǰûпһ£ÿʮε׺ݾ
ΪǿǿʳĽҪȥҪüȥѡֻбȱ˸ǿ
ΪӦǿҵʹ࣬ӦΪԺ󣬽Ѫ֮ɷɽҪܵʹ࣬ԶԶʹǿǧ򱶣
㣬Ҳѣ
־𾪵ģ
׵Ȼվʮ䣬¶ǵļ㣬ȴȫ䲻ı飬ĸԣȴֻԼһ˵ʱ򣬲Ż֡
׼ţֻܹԼ̵ˣŻΪ˺µĶ֣עҪΪᵽңẦµĶ֣
ԽһֲбĽ·ûлͷĿܣ˵ûҪͷ
ϴһ˱һȦѾ˼ףɫֻŵʺãȻȴǱ֮ǰ˳˺ܶ࣬ףȴҲǵȻͷʾ⣬㣬ү֮ϣ㳹һս֮˳
ΪŮͨѾߣ˿̶ԼĹ뷿У˿̣ǶЩȷ㷢ģͺһܵɵӺȻʮִ˾Ĵʥһ˲˼飬ǣҲͬΪ£Ҳ׸ı˵ԼЩ޴Ц뷨֮еķϲүԲǷϲģ
Щǲ룬Ҳ룬ֻҪ֪ԼԺ̵үүˡ

ҹֵס峺Ŀ⣬ҹŻѲӣūūͣһ߲ǶױϹϾҪʲôҲҹʣ䵭Ҳʹûйʵĵӡ
ˮɽׯתһȦһʵĿ泩˼֡
֮⵽ƫ԰֮УԽԽûʽֻ⾳;磬ʽһУ³ˡ
Ҳܺ⾳
˵˷֡
ǽƫ棬Ǻ޹ɺ͹켣Եɢʽ򣬶֮УȴҲЩܵԽ⾳ˡ
һֱǰ⾳һĹ켣ϱɱе⾳ٵĹ
Ȼ̣ܵһԳ־ɫȻ֮ɫһţʱԼµҶ׺Ȼ䶯ˡ
ӰһԼĲӰеĺȻԾһ
ֻڶȻת֮ʣеĽѾ͸ռ䴫һϸ΢ġۡһ
ҶƮ켣ûκθı䣬ҶģȴǱɽ͸
ɽ˿̣ȴصС


007 
ǣڸ֮С
λ峤ϣνҪ̣԰ܼ꣬ɽ㱨ӳŶмϵ쳹ڸϵܷԺǿĿռ䣬Եм˵ĳ֮⡣
׵ʱһΪʵϣҲͬλһͬĽӾҪܶ࣬ǱǡֱĨɱ
֮£׵ϣ
£Ϊ׵飬֮ٴۡ
ϲ࣬ˣ֧ѪԵȴǹ
Ҳˣϼ峤֮λһֱϵС
ףѧϲģʲôֵֵ̽ģѲɺȻõʥ˸ϴ費ɣһİСʮ־ݵͷЦ˵ϸС˫Ŀ֮Ум֮ɫŨ
һɫϡĻƺɫĺ޾ɵţ͹ǰ£ȧǹʮͻ
ͬƤһƤŵĹͷԵô˾
ˣ
ϣ㻹ǻ˵ЦϲģܵõʥĪҪϼһЦĳܺǴĴЦ
һɫɫ΢֣ԲŨüⷭЦЩ©硣
еθߣ忴мֿࡣ
Ƕһ㣡ڳϻϣݵ룡
ߣ
ߣ
˾һߣ漴ƲƲ죬һ˿м
漴˹峤֮λʱ΢΢Եĵ峤
峤ͶҲڴ˿̹˵
峤ˡ峤Īһ˵ˣ̬Եù
һۣɫмüĿ겻ֻ϶˼ֲɣ
ںڵĺмַ׼УмֲϵĸоŲϵݣˣһĸоǴ˲ѣּ䣬
ţãλ°ɣĪϣҽɴ
ǣ峤ˡĪˣƬ̺뿪ҡ
Ƭ֮
ܼɣĪ峤ڸҡ
ǺܼģΪȨĺģҲΪԼͬ峤㱨Ҫ飬Ϊλ㱨ݣ
ɿ׳Լûкһǻĸĸ;ⶵĿ
˲֪ȴ֪ڵ꣬ÿÿǰ԰׵ľһĳ鴤һʹ࣬ˣڣھԵŬ֮£ǿĺӸıԼˣı˿ˡ
λ㱨ΪǿĺӣҪϴѹȥĳˣ
⣬βö⺢עǻĸɼ
ɣ峤ϡϡϡĳϡ峤ϡɹ˾Ϲ
ӵ˵ͷʾɼ
ˣĪͬ΢΢ͷ֮⣬ˣûκηӦ
ȴҲûʲô죬ҲȻȻӺĪĸоȻ׽֡
峤λϣΣۼ֤үˮɽׯ߲ݵĿ꣬еһֺĽ㽣үѧΪѸͣʵҲ˼
үڲǷϲˣǷϲģţ
ɺܼѪȼգҲǺѪɫ
ϢʵϣѾ֪Ҳõɵ֤ʵλϣȴǲ֪
Ϣһʱλɫɫ
һ𾪣һ𶯣֮λϼȣūţǸ˿ڳڿʵڸ֮һѧϲģô꾫УֱǺ֣
ֱһɺԣ

ʱŭֺȳλϿһ㣬ݺݵĴϹܼҵġ
үүУǸķôɵһʱ˹ȵףľȻмֲϵоЩǵ
ʹֻΪ۸ӵļѣҲΪǲ㼺ȴͬĺ
峤ĪһֱĮĿһУûвκλǣɫҲ
ˣȻϾôţɣ֤һ¡ƺѾϵĽȻһЦһѲ㳤ҲڵŨܺ롣
ԭƺЩζЦݣЩʧʱ֪ˣʱкǸˣ֪Ϊ׷ˣ̧ͷȻ˵λϣ֪ɣΨһһĽԭǷ漮֮УΪүϲżڰǨֹžʱҲ֮˹ȥ
⽣ȻʲҲǴַ̫׾ӣãýߣ³ˣʹǿ֮·мҡҡͷȻЦ
⽣ȻΨһķ֮ȴϲһʽӣԵáª˾֪Լûͳʣһ㣬Ǹ
ԣ˵⽣ʱ˾֪⾻ء˽Ľ֮ǴĲ磬⽣׵Уûκˣκε顣
ϽˣǾ䣡ҲǺܡͰЦ
üͷ΢΢ȴҲû˵ʲôĿⶢһۡ
ɻ⣬Ȼ˵ϽȴûʹʣүȴôһʣǶ񶾹ܼҲһնɱڽ£
ţ
ʱȻд󾪣رĪ˫۾ǶȻıһɺ֮⣬ֻǴ˿̳Щңȴû֪
ֻԼɱģΪɣߣ˭˲֪㽫ϲүɼ㣬ʼղΪ֮衳˵
ϣɹܼˣΣɹܼΪɹ֮£ʮǰˣֱŻȥţ֮ڡţ֮ǰˡɫ΢΢һ䣬ϽסڣҲ˵ŤתԵĻ
˾ûע⣬ӣȴǾһ΢΢˼ֳ
ŸϢᣬϾѾ֪˺ü죬ˡֻ׶ЩΣˡгȴûκε쳣
˿̣ȴǼٵ˼ţߣΪ׽֪֮ģԺҲʮˣһһأҹɳۣҲ޶ʱ֪һеĿܣˮɽׯˮֻҲˡ


008 п
ӳ˼ţȴЦɲʹжȻٽɱһѧϲģĿɱ֣ߣΪϲ֪ˮɽׯҹǹ¥֮п飬ʲôɾͣ
ҲǱȥ̽ү˵ġ
ҲһеԼ޴֮ڼߺͲѹ׵ʱ򣬽Լݷˮɽׯ˳Ǹˣ
⻰һλһȻģ
Ī̵ԭûƼ衶Ͼİү˽ô͸ҵʵڲ֮ںʵ̫Įˣʧǰ緶
ǰǰҵȲ֮ҲǼЦ
λǷֱٻһ̼˷ɹʵǲˡǵˣ׶ϼĽ
ʮ֣꣬˵ȥ˭ţ
ģϼ壬֮ļ֮ս˭ǵ֣ӰȻ˵ɣȻɣҲ㣬˵ʱȻס˼ǻ֮䣬ȴǽȫĿǵ˺õķ档
ΪӵĸףеӰ׵֮һ̣Ѿγɣֱȷѧϲ֮ʵ֮Ӱǿĵز֪⺢ʱӰ
ºȴǽ䡮䡮ΪףеʹǼġ
ԣˣӵӡ׵ĸ׽÷ˡ
뽭֪һϲģǲڽܽһȥһʹý֮˵֪嶪һᱻս䣬˰ۼЦ棬ϣ󣬻ᱻɱ
ԣԣΪ꣬˾ûټһۡ
ǽ÷ϴǳźѷ÷ҲûҪȥһԼĺ
ΨһļΣܽڵʵ̫Ȼɽ͹ȥġ
ߣʲôʱҲ˵ˣȻ󣬵ǱϾеϣһȴҲǺõġĪ˵λϣȴû˵ʲôǱʾĬϡ
֮ǰʲôԵļĻô˿̣Ҫʵ£λϣûʲô˵ˡ
λϺ峤ǰ⻹ʲô书ƾʵݵģܲʲô٣
мһ֣ͿûУ伸ʮˣ㣬׿ĳġ
Ȼ峤˺͸λϴѾˣôȥүǰǡɵ
Լλѵһµĵ˵ͷ
ɵҴȥ
峤ǣһε治ģ鶯ƱҼעǸΣĪɫмصʵ
һ˿ӵĹâ˶ûг
ʱλʺ֮󣬸Ҳ֮ȥƬ̣бֻʣӺĪˡ
ĪӻǱȽεģ˲ԴǣǰУˬ֮ѵġ
㣬ôΪ˼壬ֻɱ֮һʹȴε˵仰
ĪһȴǺðҲû˵֮ų㣬·үõѡΪ峤ˡ


ҹĻ֮У̾

صլԺ֮УӺͽ÷˵˽֮£֪ԼĺҪ÷ϲŷþõ˵ʡ
ͷȴǳ˺ü֣һһĲģԼҪʹɱô
һ̺ȻһֲһƺĲֲʹ˼ַ꣬˼ֲ
׶⺢ӣʮֹɶ£̫ڰһЩ֪ԼǸɲġ˰ɣÿҵģǵһʹֹסţ÷˵
⺢ӣǰ꣬ʱܳɾһĺǷڣ̰͢ٺСնɱԽڡһѪĽһ书֮ˣֻ裡
㣬ҲˣֻңزƣڽɼСܻ˼棬Ǵԣһб䣬׶õѡ񡣡
ӳ˵˿̣Щ͵ӰԳ˼˵Ĳϣƫƫֵ׳ꡣ
÷ݺݵһסֺݺݵץĸ첲ָƤ֮УץۺѪ˿Ⱦǳɫĳۡ
㲻ɱ׶ɴҲɱ˰ɡ÷ƺҪһ㡣
侲Ӵȵ
÷һʱӵļʹ
ſڣʮһܽѾЩͤͤ
ŴĲ˼顢ŵ˫ۣ˼ĿԼĵܽССҲһȻ䣬ܽȵҪɱ׸磬ҺǣҺǣΪʲôҪô׸磡أ׸磬׸磬ܰҪɱ㣡


009 
ܽ䲻󣬹ȴѧãرΪϲ֣һṦǳͣǲ
䣬Щ¶ĶˣܽǿֵķſڣȴǡǡҪɱסԼ÷˵ɴҲһɱ˰ա⼸仰㣬뵽ԼСͱϳţĸ磬ʱʧɫ
ĵףܽϲף֮еУҲǸ֮
ҲͶЩ飬˶ǡϲġĸ缫˵ͬ⣬Сʱ򼫶õļ䡣
ܽҲʮ֮ãСʱ飬ʮ֮˾ţǼǵá
Ǹʱױ۰ǻ۰
Ǹʱ֪ܽůĸоʲôֻ֪Ļůܽȴ֪˽֮һѪŨˮ氮
һ̣ܽ׵ıˣΪţǰģǣĸʵˮͰǸ׾Ȼ̬ȣп˵һʵ
ˮѵ£һ˺Ӱһɫ´ʱѸٵʧԶ
޷ѹܽˣǼҴҵĳߣߵǾȻΪױȥˡ
÷Ӿһ㶣һĻӺȻ󾪣֪˲ӣʱǵģǽǣͽ÷һ׷˳ȥ
ܽһҪߣ֪Լ׷˴ϻۣԼץס
ʱź󣬱ȼѰһӺͽ÷źܽӺͽ÷ķ䡣
˿̣Ӻͽ÷Ѱ˴󲿷ֵķΧҲûѰֻ˳ŵˮɽׯ·ϵǰѰȥ
ʱȷԼѾԶߣܽŴŷ˳
յķ䣬ܽҲһѹĹܽ˵̫ˣ׸綼ˣǻҪɱʳӣǣΪʲôô飬Ϊ˼޵ҫô
̫ʧˣҾȥ׸磬ҲҪˣ
ܽһɱģ
ʮּᶨʮ־ȻСС壬˿̾ɢһɼ˵
ܽţ֮֮Уȴı¶֮ľ飡
֮䣬ܽԼ׵£óһŰƱڻУȡԼĸ׷İСĳ䣬Ȼ˷䣬غţ·Ӱһʱæĳһ
ѾҹԼһ龫ֵСѾͷЩһֻ֣Ҳû⡣
㣬ܽǺܿĳҼ巶ΧٵҹĻ֮С
ѰԼĪһʱӺͽ÷ƣ۵Ļˣɫһͳ
÷ҲģܽûµģСϻ۷ǳṦ˵ã̫ģȺ׶ˣˡ̾
¾£ܽһȥһ棬ײ鷳˺ܶˡ
÷̾˿ʲôҲû˵شͷȴǲĿͷƺٿǽϵĹҽҲʧʱ÷ɿЦǶŮƭˣɽ⺢ӡ
̾ȴʹý÷˲١
˾ޱ֮ˣҲ򵥵ĸƭˣ㣬÷ܽİȫĵģ㵭˼֡
ҲһЦѾͷļƣ̫һЩ˵Щ뵽ףһʹ
ĬĬİοԼһжõģҲֻεĵȴ׵ĵ

ĪصԼԺ֮󣬼̱һңȻŷһֻɫŸ롣
ԼĪʱ֮һɫӰԶһţһЩΪԼۻ軨ûô⡣
Ƭ̣±ĪԺ䡣
죬ĪţҲԷ˭󣬼̹ر˷š
ôŪڲŹˣĪ˵һ˫ӥĿ˸ǺӰ˫ۣĿǺ塣
Ǳ߲ã˵ûпʼڣҪ˽뿪ѾЩˡ˳˵


010 ̸
ǰﹷӣһ죬Ҫȫߣ
ˣ㴫֮ʱһؾ򲻿ɳȻʱǶ˼壬ֻҲֻܳΪſˣ
Ī֮У͸¶һɹɭȻ֮Թɼһߡ
ģﻹǰʮĮ峤ģ
ʲô£˴æϧԷɸ봫飿Ǻ˵
Īݺݵ˺һ۵˭ƺߣ
һҪףϼĴүǬӵĶӣȻѾ꣬˶ʮ꣬Ǽû׼ô˵ûʽ峤һѡԭı֣һжϣڣҳһĵλ峤֮λֻǲˣ
ߣңʵʲʮϳˣκͺȣܽأʮһ꣬ŮûʸᣬףߣķϲģǶ֮ˣʲô£Ĳм˵
ˣ㶮ʲôףɲ򵥣Īŭȵͬĺǵͳ
ߣƺһ˵ķϲģϺ峤̽м٣֮ˣҪҲܺ峤֮λҲֻ޻˵ˣϼ壬ǻö䣡
ӣԴе峤ķȣԷͬϣԶأǶԼأʱ򣬽лӣҲǰʥ֣ˣ̫ʢĪѵ˵ȴǲôǿˡ
Ǭһ£ȴӲûзĪҲ֪⻰ǬȻϲĪֳ˵ף˵ˮɽׯһлɱʵȶϲĸˣķϲˣ
Ǭ嶼һʲôһɱ񣿡
ꡪС㣡СĸǽжĪݺݵһ䣬ѹɵΪˣ飬ʮ֮˾ģصϢһ޶
Ǭͫ׺ݺݵһȻкĹâһţ㣬ˣҪ˸ݺĨɱĶĪҲǺ֮ɫһʹ
ţˣףﵽ㾳磬Ƿʲô˲õؾˣⶫһҪõ֣汲һŰܾӢۣѷһУʱϼʥڽĿ֮еĵλһ㣡
ĹʲôЧ֮ҲܳΪţĪٴεѹٴγ˵
Ǭ۾ҲһˣĹʱɱˣȻõɱ֮òʹԵ㣬ʩ̷ƹ³
ţ㣬£򲻿ɴȥȻңʱᱻȺ֮ѵãǿѵãѪȷ磬ڵңմȾã
ˣǱҲ군ˣźǽãҲֻ̰ҹѣĪȻ˵
Ǭ˵ͷģ飬зִ磬ߣǣֺγǣʱ򣬽͵ʴףʲô³
ţǺܺãȥ£Ҫʱ򣬵òҲܱ˱ˣɱ֮Ī˵
Ǭݺݵĵ˵ͷɱ⣬ϺɫĿס²ֵգ΢΢ǬֱӴӴ˳ȥȻ˲ʧҹĻ֮С
Īֱ˶ߣ浽ð죬ȻϢĺһ
꣬һɱʵصֻ֪ҶΪʮ꣡
꣬˶۷״̬⹦ڱصã
ĪмаĿⶢǬʧӰҹգ͸һɺȻɱ
ҹˣ⣬ʼ磬ǱȽϺı硣
ХȻ½ƺЩˡ


011 ѩҹɱֳ
׸ϲƺ⽣Ϊɽ
Ȼ͸֪⽣ϸ˵ΪʵķɽԶԶϡ
ص¥֮Убӿ˵εĲ
һΣߵĺܴæҲ˵һ£ǾǣɣȻȥ֪ңһС
㣬뵽ýܣҲˡ
ʵϣ׵ľҵ֪һܣҲмֵڴ
Ŀ⣬ǾϲοǼֻߣʲôǣ
޷µ͸ǸһūȴˮɽׯׯԺ֮еܼң飬ȴǸ˼
һжʵ˵ңҲ㣡
ɱײûκεģ෴ĵǣ˽ܣ
ϸ˵һУףû̫ĴǱܣǲܣ뿪ŵһ̣оͿʼֻÿÿ÷Ǽ˴ȰĿ⣬⵭ĮĸоֻᱻĿڻ
ĸǰģ׿Կ϶
˼Щңڴϣһ̾һʼ붨
ҹֽһ֮ҹ
ڶ糿мĳ֮ǰоȻ˺üµĺ⡣
ʪģżЩݲеҶŷĴƮɡ
ؼ䣬ǻɬ˿̣Ѿ糿˵ңȴȻԵм賿ĸоһƬƬĺڵƲѹһɹɵĺ⣬ʹмƵĸо
һϢУǾ޴ʹϮƽһ
һѪҺҲƺڼٵתţƤ
ײ֪šԤʾʲôǴ˿̣ģʲô¡
Ȼϡ䰮Լ壬ѾһΣײãԼ
˵£
Ҫˡ״˴һĺ⴩͸壬ĿⶢǰԶ
磬ȻС꣬ףҲûгţ¥֮
֪ʵһУ֮ݣԼ֮󣬴ﵽ˿ֲĵز
ͨγֵжϣ֪Լľ۷״̬ңͶ֣һߵģǽĻڽƿأʹԶ֣Ҳмʤ㡣
һΣ֪޼᲻ݡΨ첻ơĵٶϣҲرרעһδεظͬĿؽ١׼ʡ
Ҫ֮£𽥵ĶױĶ֮С
ʱţҹһεĽ١
𣬿翪ʼХĳѩס
΢΢üԹѾķ֮ױٴεĽ¥֮ûаֵĵ顣
䣬һ׶ʱ֮ǰȥķˣȫ˳
ԭⲻģȫĴӺ֮ͳһ룬һԣƬ̣Ѿڡ
Ȼж
һȴĬһȽŨĲˮȻһ¿ڲͺȫ˳
˿¥װġ䡯׽Щȫ档
ص鷿ųɫ
գ¶ԵЩŹ֣ķˣҲʳֻ֮ʱһȻѹ飬㵱Ѿߵ棬һЩˡ
֮ڼ֮У޶أŷĵĽʣķ˳Թ⡣
ͣǰԷɫƺЩģױֻ֪ʲôˡ
ǰǷϲĵʱײ̷Щ²ͬԱ¶ʵױʮֽˡ
ڽȴҲɼ֮٣Ҫȥֻܽٽ
Գжױ֪ѩҪˡ
⣬ХʵͬǺһ㣬ѩȻˡ
ڵҹûһĹ
׵˫ĿԶӺıһĹι塣
ǰģĺɫӰϵ˸ʧ
һˣΪǺҹ紵ĲӰȴ֪⣬ɱ֣
ǵģɱ֡
Լأ˭˵ֱʣ
ЦһĿ֮˼Գ
ԼͶӰȾˣԼˣȴ˾壬ƴΪ˸ҫ
⣬ֻΪ˸һǰǼҵů
Լ̫أ


012 Σķ
˿֪ɵͣȻȽϢӣ£ǰɱһ֡
λǺİֻǣʲôɱң׿ЦϣԼֻǺҵϹ£Ҫʵ㸸ɱӵʵ
һӰٵ˹Ϥүүؼˡ
үȥ֤ʵʵûĶٲ˰۵ķϲүˣ
ɵԶ
ڷѩ֮УǿٵӰһԼķɺ裬һŵѩ衣
¥ǰ͵һ٣һŤתֱӵڸ¥ǰɵ˽
׵ȻһЦ֪Ǻ⣬Ҳ֪ÿÿǳģֻǣ£Ļȥô
˿лŵɫĶ룬ҲһЦ
ˣƾͼƣһƣʲôã
ϢȻھǵͨ췢ϣ⣡
һⶾصԣ׶ʱ⡮ʡ˹ȥ
ˡ
ӵ䣬򷭵֡
ʰˣʱһ᣺үԭ
뷿䣬ǵڵϡݿšȴɫϵףɫʱ԰ףֲţ׵ؿڵĻ
ү׼ûɲҿҪŶȻмֲϣǴ˿̵ĻȴǺǴ飬Ǻơ
ĻͿͰЦݡ
ү㣬ôˣûκõĶкһȻ֮Ѿ¶ɭ׵ذ׾Ҫ֣ȴǲѾˡ
ѣֻþһȻס
ľУһĳ˽һĲӰ
׶׶ôˣļ֮£ɵȫ׵Լĺһ㣬ǵĺ
ɫϣҲǴ󾪣һƿȻףڴϣȻ̽ơ
ֻǣ̽ȴ߲һȦ֮ȫʧΪԷڵŹ֮澭ȫ֮ˣô֣Ƕˣ
һʱҲɵˣ뵽ƺҪһ㣬ҲԼģǿаķ
ģɲһԻԭģȴûκεԹ
һ̣ȴǴܴ󣬱һᣬǼӦ֮Уƺɵͷ߰һƬ
΢΢һʵһ֮󣬱Ļصɵڡ
㣬ɻҲһɫȴǲ԰
޷գѵ군ˣ׶Ϊ࡭ݺᣬɾſ߿
ò˵ԵװװװǾһ
ֻǣΪ˸࣬ĳʹ飬ݺᣬȻ

ѩӣܽɫ԰ף촽Щ࣬Ȼ併µϺʹǼٵĳ񱼣Ҳһɹɵĺɭɭ
ֻܽһʮһŮȻ⽭ŮΪ죬ʮһ꣬Ҳڵﻳ䡣
˫ֶͨ죬סҲѾʪ͸ڵˮϣѾ΢Сѩ
һѩѻɢ֮Уϵڻˮʪ͸ͮͮϣģһ㲻ɴһ
һ̣ܽĺޣһίһܡҲһʹ
ңԭϵĵף뵽ҹһɱ⣬ܽٴᡣ
磬Ҫȥܽˣ磬磬ܽôܽдĺʱסޱȵĺ䣬ݺݵĳһޣǳݡ
ŵŵţŵŵš
ǰʹһ˻Ȼļɱ

Сˣûе֣ѾȥˣǬڰУֹҲһơ
ڣ飬м鷳ˡ
˿߼һۣǬŭ֮ĵܵˣͲΪˣҹڷߣ֣
˼ƽϣǬһӣ˫Ŀ¶׹⣬Զĵƹ˸ĸ¥Ӱɱߣɱ⣡
ˣˣҲҪɱôһ˳
ǬһɣɱһĴѰκιؾȫϺ󣬲ִ֮ȡͣݻׯһҺ
ǣˣӰʱ֮ӰȻٴû֮С
һߣ롣
㣬㡪ͷеİɫذ׺
㶯ˣ
֮Ук׶˪үˡ
žݺ˦һ⣬С˻µ֣ү˺ǣԼԸҲ㶯֣Ѿ㣬㾹ǻҶ֡


013 
㣬Ϊ߳ˮɽׯָ֮ģ㲻ܹ
Ϊңһ㶣֣ȴҲ޷¡
ð죬һȻݺݵȴԼϡ
ҶԲүǸʱứ
ȴ
ۿˣʲô˵õôôү˻겻ɣȻûϵĻҲˣڣŷÿɲҷıǣ
㱳ѣϷ֣ܵģֵ
ܣߣҲһүĿ⣬ܵүЦݣƽ׽˵̬ȣʵұ㷢֣Ѿ˵Ļˣһ㣬үǺүǲܶԲǲܶԲүĸʵ
үо𣿡æʵ
үֻ˺ٵķˣӦû̫඾ذɣֻɫ˵ġС
ߣǿȥ˱ȵĳ˳ȥ
ţҲȡ˽˹ȥ

ɺģĺģΪһ̣׵ɫѾϵĿ£Щˡ
һɫʥǴ˵֮зݵصĴɣҲ޷ˡ
ˣҪˣɾãԼȥҲûʲôڴˡ
ʧȥ˻ȥĿģɱȫĴʲôүʲôүؼҵ񣬶ȫһߡ
˫ЩǣЩʧ
һ˫֣Ĵĸ׵գǲĶĶʹдů飬飬Ĵ׵ģ裬ꡣ
һֱΪԼûеԭԼĵһֱߣТΪץĻ֮ˣֻļƭˣ
һ̣ɣǱܵģ׽䵱ԼΪ׸ܵˣ־ԳԽκθ֮Ũ顣
˽İʤǧ򱶵ĸ׳ܲΡͬ顢ܡһӷ׸ң䵱ҹܼ˵ɣûӺΪ˸ӵչ⺢ӡ
үʲộūǰ㣡ǧ£ū뾡κΰ취һκģүţūϾͻ˵ţĿһۣת׼ȥϺҩ
˵Ϊ׸ûжԼɫڣҲƲж
ûв׳˷ˣֳж֢״ȻΪж㣬һ˳¡
ǡǡתɲǡ
ɱ
һ֮£һɺ䲻ռĿһĺХ
ݡ
Ȼ䣬һĨ⣬Ѿɱǰ
ʱ̣ɱ׼ҲǿֵܵסһУ˿ֶ̣֮κֱǶűضҪһĨɱ׼ˣɱҪ
Ѿܵĵһ̣ȫ˲׼˲䵯ɡ
ʱһĨӰȻһɫŮ˲һնɱǺ֮ϣ˲Ľɸһߡ
һĽ
һĨⲢûбһһ֮ԸѸ͵ȻǻŮӶɱȥ
ۡ
һ촫ʱһ˫֮鶯Ĺâʱнѣο
ɲ죬үߣۡ
ⶸȻһɱ͵ĳû˵꣬ʱ
ɲǼıʣףҲһ㶣漴ЩԺ
Դοʹ׵ΪԼ¶飬˻ں֮⡣
Ǹ˭޴ӵ֪ϣȻ䵽ϡ
ˣ˿̼ҲǽһȴǵݶṦȥ
һȫ˹˫۶ʱ˳޺ͷĿ⡣
ǸҶҺҺƴˣ
ҲǷˣȫܻ佣ек֮Ǻɱȥ


014 п
һ£ʱסˡ
Ҫиɱɳƣһ˿³ЩһɳƵʣȴôҲ׵˫
һЩһжģеĵߣƺ𽥱ơ
ôɫԼĴǬģ
ֵܣУԼĵģԼɱģ
һ̣׵ģȻһϣƺҲڱš
ĵףһ˿ϣϣԼĵҪɱԼĳҪɱԼ
Ȼܶ಻˳ʵ֮Ը룬ԸֵУҲԸţԼĵҪɱԼ
һ̣ડˮյԶ
¥ڵĴںҹѩ֮Уš
׸磬ܰҪɱ㣬ܰ׸磬ܽܰ
ģеģģ׵ĶС
һ̣Ҳ̲סĿ
װˣҲҪװˡ
һ˿ߣƣһ̣ˣˣһ̣ҡ
ʳӣǣ£ܽһˣԼ
ҪɱԼףŲʣ
磬ѾӵɱʮĿɲҪɱ
ɱɱɱ
ɱɱ
磬̫̣̫磬ֻʺɱ
һ̣׵ģȫŤˣޱߵĺ⣬ɲǼԽѪƺһ˲䱻ȼ
ɱɱɱɣûˣû飬ûѿԣ
һΨػˣܽɣ
һ̣ʵľ
ǳƵĺɫӰżԶϤһ嵽ǰеĵ˲䣬ݺݵ
һ飬ֵϣѷ֡
һûһֵ֣ҲûһɶԣûһѪŨˮĸӦ
һǺˣǸס׶ܿ˭ˣ
һ̣ŵףڵһĵ𣬱ϱŵھ޴ķŭ֮Ϣ֮߶£ˡһ籡
һ͵һʱ׵֡
һ̣ûʽûжֻ̳һ
ݡ
ʯ֮䣬᳤磬֮ƣ˲ǺĿɿڴ˼Ŀ֮УֱӵĴľ͸
˴󾪣ܰĺһͷȻϬĳֱӵĴ͸ŵĺڲ
͡
ڲ¶Ϥݡ
ûκһк뵽һ޶
˴Ƭ̣еĳٴκݺ£һ֣Ǻ飬˿֮ǰһ

Ľһ˲䣬ͬǵǬˣһнɡ
ǬסŹ㣡˻һתͷ㣬˲ߣ׼뿪
ǬԹ֮ɫʱ׹һͳһöסͷ˿ǲܽһż
ʱ㶾ļļʸܼķΧĿռ䣬ײѷɡ
׸磬ߣܽӭʸ
һˣܽߡ
״һʱҪȥܽɵһסףߣ
ʱѾֻһǾʹĿ⣬ҧҧ񱴰ݣүū澱Ϊһ°ɡ
һɫӰ˲伸ܽݺݵıڻУʱۡۡĴ͸͸ĵɫ
ɫɫѪںҹѩ֮УɷǴۡ
ܽ
˫Ѫ죬ǳΪѪһһɱ˻һ˲䣬鴤ţȻͷս£׺ɵپȥ
ܼļʸļʸ˵ĺ󱳣᲻Ϲ䣺үԲãٵѾߡ
еɫĳɴֱӴӿһƣȻЩܼļʸȥļʸһ̣׷״͸š
ԶԶģȫĪļʹ޴ĳޣ޴Ťʹ˫ȭţš

ҹѩ
ˣи¥ϣ޹
ˣзϣ޹
ˣС
ǬΧѪ֮еˣ֮ɫʮԡ
Żׯ
ǣˣ
ͱׯԺȻһ£𣬿ʼȼ
Ƭ̣ׯԺȼܵĻ档
֮УһɫѪɫ䶯ŷµƵһߵѩˮߣȻѪɫ֣ڴˡ
ѩһ̣ˡ


015 ĵɱ
캮ضҹڵͬ
׺ɶźХı磬ͶëĴѩѵǰɭ֮ȥ
ֻҪɭ֣㰲ȫˡ
Ȼɭ֮Уͬǵɭܱ֤֮Լᱻвˡ
ֻҪ˹ֵввףں
ȫѾһѩžҵ˶ģѩƬ֮ھ޴֮£ΪѩˮȻ͸Ե·ȫʪ͸
̹ǵķ磬ӭ治ϺХǲʱһɹɼ˵ıУ̼Ѿ񾭣ʹ֪һУһجΣ
Ȼ֮ǰĳЩŭһĻȴǽķŭ˲жȥڣΪǵθǿҵ
ѹ֣Ƚ棬һɾ޴ĺϮײɴ˸ģҲݺݵĳ鴤һ¡
ֻܽͿɲΨһػ֮ˣѾףһΪ㱨ģкǼᶨ˵˿̣УѪɫĳ޵Ĺâǹɱ⣬ʹýѩ
үǰ棬һϵ֦֮ϣϢҹǱҲ׷ˡɻعͷһۣȻҹ֮УͬĲԹ֮⣬ɱ¾֮⣬ȴǸܵļ
뵽ܽ뵽ļʸ͸šͬܽһȥһ̣еıȻ޵޷ѹƵķһ˻쳹ɫķѩ֮ҹ
үүһҲݺᣬеı޵ΪһܼңıͲ٣ĺڰѪȡ֮ǰһĻɣҲ޷ܡ
СλͨѾߡλͬңǰɱ֮ˣǬ
ĲпʵҲеһĺġ
ֻǣү˻𣬶Ȼ¶Ŀ꣬㣬Լˣֻ뱻ˡ
Լνү
һȴҲ

һֱҹ
Ѿ˵ˮߣܽȫƲߣͷҲս˺ôһ֣ʮѿ
ϵѪѾɺɫӲ飬㣬ʹⱻѪȾһ֣ûбջ١
ȫͣƤǧһ㣬ʮֳأ̫Ѩ֮˵Ĵʹʹʹ֪ܽԼѾܷ纮ˡ
ȫԼ߲ԶѾü˽Ӳɫʮɷ׵ܽҲһ
硭૵ĺôһʣˮʱʪ˫գڻѩˮѾԷ壬ˮѩˮ
ˮǣУɬ
мɳƵܽߵıѵĽУȻŬ֧ŵ棬ѵĹ
ǰɫŮ˿ȴѾ䣬ȫѪɫȾѪ
Ȼ;ȻͲı飬ֵչʾŮġ
㣬ңܽһΪ㱨ģ㣬ء磬ҲԶǵġ
ܽţԱ֧ųص壬ĸǱýӲգ˿̣ԭȻʱһ̵ı顣
鶯˫ۣѾʮֵĿնȴôģĿ
ֲķǱĶͷϣ̵ܽˮĹ¡
㣬㰲ϢɣҺ͸磬ǵһӵġܽɳţ˵
˵꣬ءĨ
ÿ֮ܽԭ˫ۣѾĺˣЩı飬ҲѾʧ
һ̣ϣֻ޾İ꣬ƽ
㣬ߺáܽ˵ţҲ̲סſزصĿ

ХԶϵҰƽ֮б硰ʡԼëѩµ
ҹһԵجΡ
ܽôţ弫˵ĳأƤҲܲס߶˵غɣһεĳ˯˹ȥ
ѩˮһɱѾϨ𣬼˵ĺ⣬ѸٵѾѪɺӵׯԺ
ѩ𽥵Ŀʬ壬ѪɺӵĲ˰װĲãɭ֮¡

״Ŵ׳ǹֵľ֦ɣһƬ
䣬ĸ䡣
һȴǳĬţûдҹ
һҹ޻
ѩѾ硣
Ұ׵⣬Ѿˣڰããѩ֮ϣʹ׾úмֲȻ
̬һҹĵǻָ˹ָֻǻָһɱ䡣
ǵģɱ䡣
ɱ¾ΪĽʲô顢ʲôѰȫ٣ֻȨ棬棡


016 ϣ
ݹһ£׺ǰԼ֪Ҳҹп飬ʹʶˣ磬һҶ磬ֵԼȥϡ˵
ɱ¾ˣѺͰˣ
һҹʹ׵ȫɱˣüͺѪͺ
ԼΨһİãôԼǰ׵ģѾ˵ʹľˡ
һ̣
ãһΣһСˣһ˵㲻ˣһ㲻ˡ
ȵĳ鴤ţˮһе£һٴεĽĽȭͷ
жѪᣬǰָһ̣޴ʹȴʹֹ
үɵ˫۲Ѫ˿֮Уƣۺ͵ǣʱҲ֪εİο
ˣΨһϲģֻܽλСˣҲֻܽĵĶԴףܽΪ㣬Ȼ¡
Ϊ£ԣɸҲοĻΪۼܽɣɣ̲סбѹ֮
šɲԺΪ㲻ұ㵱常ɡ֪ʮֵģ뵽һУʮܣǻסûз
ǰ˲ɣԲϵӰǲѪ˿ƣҲһʹ˵
ү㣬㲻ǺūЦɣū䡭˫֮УǼǼ֮ȴԵñ
ūֻһûûеλĹܼūͶѣүǡ
ɲΪҪôҪ飬ԭǵ˳ǣ㿴ǱģʳӣӣҲ䵱˸ôŭ
ү㣬㲻ĶԴүģȻΡūãүӦòˣᡭɱ⣬ԵôĲ԰
ǬݣܽʱǾ仰Ǻܺõ֤Ӷɱ
ʵݹӵΪˣȴмֲš
ۼΪʵҲֻܳ̾Ϣ
Ƥѻǣ֪֪治֪ģʵľɣնĲš
ûٶ˵ǳ̾˿ƺмЦڻǵͷ
׶ͽ˶֪ͬԣԣҲͲںʲôݵλˣ⺢ˣ
ɺȻƸƺ͸ʲôƵģƺ˲˼֡
ţݼ常׵
˿̣ϣ¹򲻷㣬ľϹΣʾ𾴡
ɣȴ̹ȻĽˡ
ϣϻξ̾׶뱲ӣûʲôΪΨһֵø˵ģĺöӣұҲĿˣ
常ó˲֮ԣػ常ֱ常ﵽǼ˲õĳϾģ˵ʱҲһһɲõĸоĵ׷
ĸоᣬĺᣡ
ʮĸо
Ǻǣ׶ÿ˶ģʥҲνĳϣǴﵽ۶Ԫȼߵʥ֮磬Ҳǻģ˵ܷ֮ݵصˣǿģ⣬常ѾˡºʹЦһ̣˵̸ĴżŨܰоǸѹͷŭ𽥵ĳ
ǲκ˺常ģһػ常һ常ﵽǴ˵֮еľ磡ĿɭɭᶨƵ˵
ţ常㣬常ҲͬŬػ㣬ĳɳǺǣģʱڣûпǱӳǲԼôȥģǺǡ˰Щ׵ĺ룬Ц
Ҳչ˿¶һοЦݡ
١׶常ΪѾͷܱܿסܽܿܵĻС㻹û常һ£ԻĶͷ״м֮Ѿܽأڼ䣬Ĵ͸ۿۣ֮ǴСмĿԣˡ
˵۾һȻ䣬Ժ֮еʯ뵽ȻܽȻ󷭹صľͷһʱ䣬׵¶˾Ĺâ


017 
۵ѩʼڻһڶʹ۵⣬ԵмֲҰס
ѩˮճɺɫĶϱڲԫԵҲ
żвĵɫѪˮѾ䵭˵Ѫ
µĿͲ͵ζһ֮ɢζЩɬ쳣
ζһı̼ܽ壬ܽڻ֮УˮݵĲҰ׵ָĲһ¡
ڵתٶѾ͵˼ޣţܽȴ㼸ʱ̣ĵǼǿҵĻȥ֧
ʶʧȥ֮ǰܽԼܽҪȥһҪȥ㲻øģ
һ̣ȫľ֪״̬£ܽվ
ͷյ˴󲿷֣ʣĲ֣Ӳ滹ż裬£Ұ׵Ĺâ
ͷʪͷƤ·Ҳӣӣǵˮβϵĵ£Ĳ֣ҲǱ衣
ͷޱȣ˫鶯봿ĹâѾʧȥ˫۾֮Уֻʣ¹¶ĮȻͼ
ѵ̤һһһһ򣬼ٴεˮ
ѵ֧ǵ壬ܽҧ񱴰ݣ˫һĹâŬ뿪ˮ
ˮֻһˮͨǳˣܽ˿̣Ҳֻˡ
һһǣѵѰ¥ڵĲ֣˿̣¥ڣȴǴ󲿷Ѿɷ档
ܽҵһľ֮£ѵȻ˫ϥҲ˲Լ˿ǱʼŬ
ഫ͡ˮֻУŮˮȴŮԿϰ
˿̣ܽģˮ
ˮˮͱȽʺŮȻɣǼߴǽȴ鶯ǳ켣ƮݣңҪǣɶֻʮʺŮ
֮ܽǰҲ뷨ٴʱȫûǰ㲻ԶΪˣŬ붨ȫľʹǲҪĴݶϸ
ԭ壬ѾܽȴʹɫҰ֮
ͷ亹һſŵ£԰ֽϣȴǾȻ
⼫˵ʹ֪࣬ܽţڲŬš
Ϊ˻ָ壬Ϊʵ
һ̣ܽãʵĺҪ
壬𽥵ƽܽҲĸӦڿʼΧˣȺͷµĸоҲ漴𽥵ʧĸоҲ𽥵ţһģʼۼ
㣬ԼĪ˽һʱѾ޷ܣһʹͬնһ㣡
ܽʱҲ֪ԼѾﵽˣȥֻǻ𵽷ã㣬㲻վ
ϵ·ͷϵҷѾɣøǲƲ
һֻ̣ܽǵĿһۣ㲻עЩ
ܽʮһ꣬һ̣ȴѾףǻǵͯ꣬ɱ¾ʼѾȥˡ
ǸңزأѾνˡ
磬ԼĿģҵ磬ȻһŬȥ
ܽж˾۵ϣд˼㡣
᳤·ܽӰ˲ˮṦˮ޺ʹܽ弫ٵ뿪ķȥ

֪ܽܲϢ֮нһ³һ
֪ԼȻֻ۷ҵʵΪýý⣬ˣĳ̶ֳϣڽƿأѾԿһֽͶԽƿس̶ˡ
ױǴĽԼɷɽԼ꣬ɴ˵֮еĽ飬ڶڿؽ棬š
ţټʹٶȣԣһиӦɱ𣬽
⣬ɱ⣡
常ǻˮɽׯЩĮ˵Ŀ
šðɣܽӦûµģġ΢΢еغͲɣ
˼򵥶Ի֮󣬾Ĭԡ
׿˿ˮɽׯλ΢΢㼫ٱ
ɣȴɵĸĿ⾯Ķܣеĳİţƺһ춯ƴһ㡣


018 ɱ
˻ȻģԼ˿ٶȣϵķɱţʹǡ̤ѩ޺ۡṦŢ·ϷɳţҲʹһˮ
ˣȴû⡣
ܿ죬ٴε⼸Ѿˮɽׯ
ôׯԺ˿̣˺ںĶϱڲԫ֮⣬ֻʣ¶ѻϵѩ裬ѩ裬ڲҰ׵£ҰɭȻķ⡣
ܾš
һĵǣƤҲһ׵񾭣ü
ܽɲ°죬ǵ泤ˣһҪܽƽ£ǽһеĿѣҵϣұҲԹвϲԵ

һġսµǸԺ䡣
˿̣Ժ棬ѾǻˮԭֲĻݣ˿߰㵹һأŸͬذһı裬ԱߣһƥѾ˵ȫӲӲ
ǰɫɺѪγһֵ·ߣָǰ
ǰˮߣɫ꣬˫Ŀϣ壬ȴԵýӲм
뵽һ̣ȥǸƬ̣Ҳ΢΢һ˿ӿ졣
ƺЩϣˡ
ܵ˼άѸٵķĿܣ׵ģɳôһ㡣
׶ܽ״͵Ƭ̣ѾչϬĿ⣬ӥһɨܣδܽӰ
ţΨһһֿܣǱǣܽû󰭣ӦԼˡܼᶨ˵
ȴΪΣɻȻõϢģҲ˲٣ƾʲôô϶
常㿴ȥһ̣˫Բģ˫۾ۼ˺Ĳʺͻںޣ˿̣ȴߵ㰲꣬ƽͣ壬ҲɼѾĿˡ
ţȷʵˣ˵ʲôأʵʵѾ׵ĻУ³Ľķչ
˾ΧԺ֮ʱѾʬʬ壬ˣĿ
ԣɵϵ飬Ѿ³ʮ֮˾ţܽѾˡ
ǣƲһ㣬ҪǼ侲ģܵ˼ά;Եľ飡
һʮϳ֣һǿҵ˳ɣ֪Ǻãǲá
ԽǱͻȻԽǻϲ֮ģҲԽǵġ
ľַش֮Ľһʮ꣬㿪ʼ˲п뵽ɵģҲһĲ
׵Ŀһۣ侲ĿһɶʱҲһӾ⣬ƺȷʵһĪİϡ
⺢ӣˡ̾ȴ˿ûлر׵Ŀ⡣
常ΪܽȣмܽӦˣ߸ûˣֻǱǾ޴ĳҹƣϮ˻˹ȥ
㿴ˮߣԵнۣҲѲмͶѵı裬˵ܽӦˮһȻϿų֧Ȼ˵ЩĿĻ԰ȻȥĻȻҺ͸һΪԶǵġ֮ĻΪУңھΣھһʧᰲĿȻ뿪
ǰ֮ˮԼ裬ۺۺˮգнۣ˵ܽӦǳȥģֻܽʮһ꣬⺮֮ҹһޣ屾͵ֻҲˡ
侲ķȻľ˵һʹҲһĺ֪ϣԽǲ⣬УԽ⡣
ףԣɣҲֻǳص̾Ϣһ׶ǱЩȥܽȻɡ
ţðɣȻܴܽǡţˣǳ׵ѹһۣ˵Ȼʱ·ٵĴܵһߣѰһ棬˶УȻǿֻѩ档
棬ͬһȺˣ֮䣬ҹһȫͬ
Ȼײ˵ԼĿӵгǿļǺȻģ
ɱ˵ĺˣÿһ׶ԿԺ֮Уûһ˿Ҳˣһ׿Կ϶ҹǰ
ѣһɳƵʹýʮɱֶʱĿʼѹѹεĲ֣ȴǸ¥̮ڵĲ֡
ЩˣĽýӯԶԶȥĿִĴָʳָָλźԵ͹Ǻʵϼ룬ӲԲǳֳ΢ڡ׻ɫӵɫ
ȫǴ㶾ʹð֮ʱ䳤ˣָ㶼㣡΢΢һµ뷨ʱԺɱ֣Ųͽˣ


019 
֮ˣרʹðΪԵΪǶϤԣֻϸķһ£ױóš
׺˫۶һʱ˶Է𾪺Ŀ֮еĸӡ
ţͽˣǣѰʲô
һɫ䣬ڣЩڡ
ףԼϲģͺȻΪ֡飬ӦǶȥˣ֪ϢĵһˣȻ޶ݶţ
˵ˣң˺Űйᣬ˵ңŵԵף
ΣһΪ˱ģȻ÷ϲĳΪֵĹĹֻеͷ֮ˣ뵽Ǽ˵õĹ
˿̣д֮󣬼ֱԸӣ޴֪⹦ǽȻѾҴ󲿷֮ˣλȨأ޴֪һЩʵǿ֮ˣȴǶλܾӢ޵ֵĸ֣˽ġ
죬ҵߴŴﵽ޳ʥļѧ磬ܾӢۡ
ȻѾչʮһʮĴˣ֪ȥʷЩ峤ϣЩ֮дĽ͵ͣ죬ȴ˲֪˲
׵֮˲֪Ϊ֪ԼһЩˣûʸ֪
Ҳ㣬кǳأЩҵΪģֻ÷ϲĶΪֵĹ
һ˵ϣѾ²⵽ǹǿӦĹ
ǬǴ꿪ʼϰ䣬ʮŴﵽ־磬ף֮ˣ󲿷ȴ֪٣ǰ뿪֮ʱû˿书ңҩӣġ
㣬ʱ䣬Ҳ꣡
ң꣬־磬һնɱ֣ʵʵ˾̾
û뵽׵ʣΪѧϲģʿԣ
Ҳû뵽׵ĶԼķǳֶΣһһεĥԼޣΪŬ޿ԣ
ԣ֪ϢˣʼûΣϸȴ뵽ˣĹȻ˲õĶѧ׷һУЩҲ˲͸ЩĿģҲѾһĿȻ
˿̺ȥЩɱǣ֪ԼʵǶԸκһˣЩңţİ㶾İͲͬȵʵȥ֮
ԣףֻֻ̣Ŭ壬ȻŬԼ彩Ӳһ̣ǲΨһܶģֻСװ
װǱƲѵķӣҪȥҪȥ˵㲻ܶ
ɴ˿ҲɫأеĳҲǽţƺһ
һףȴ侲Ŀ⣬ƳԶƺһ㶼Եõģڣ嶼ԵЩӲ
оɵĿ⣬׻عͷĿݵĽһ£ȻǿһһѪʱ˳
ĶɺȻҪֹѾɿĵֲѨȻȡ˲Ѫ֣ϲӴĨһѣȻŪ˵ȥ
׵Ŀ֮Уɵĵʳ˹
еѪһĨȻ󱳿ϣĳȴѹ¡
΢΢ʱʳزԵ·͸ֵѪ漴·ͽӴ
ȻԼزĨ˰ѪһأĶƤ˲佩Ӳһ˲Ѿò԰׶䡣
ᴹȥһ̣Σֻװ
̺ʽܿ˹һ˷ʬ壬ƺȻһ
ƬǰǺ˵ͷһۣüͷ𣬿˿ϵĶϱڲԫƺѽȥ˺ǷŭһߣݺһŴԱߵķ淿ϡ
䡫
Ȼһһ׶ֵķʱ£ݺݵڵĵط
һ̣һĵȫ⼱ȴȻûж
䣡ѩһƬˮҲĽ
һǡɾʱŭǺһۣ
һŮԻ׵Ķ޷ֱ棬Ů
Ǻ˶ʱһһƺǾ£㵱첽ĸ˹ȥ
һ˿˷һۣɫƺ΢΢Ķһ£ȻҲ漴ӷ뿪ˡ


020 
ʱţҲ𽥵С
ţԶ㴫һʵѾ˽ȵǣ
һ£ʱOO@@ʱԶȥжʱ𽥾
ĵϣȴǹ˫ϸĸӦһУȷʵûκ춯׼վ
ǡʱȴһͬǯһץס׵ĸ첲ʾײҪ
΢΢һٴβٶ
ʱţʱ֮
ףѵֻʬ岻ɣһŮԻȻ󣬡žžṦ̤ˮʱһɫӰʱԱߡ
һ߿Ǵ׳ķָ׵ľգװˣڹĶʱ򣬱˱Ѿ˸Ӧ񱡳̶ȣ۷ң˱ĹװǴ˵֮еļƷգ
㣬ߺߣҵķϲүգŶԣڣѾǷϲү˲õġѧšˣ
㲻
˽ľ룬ǳıɱ⣬ȫĸӦ˸˵ġ
֮ˣֶκΪĿģֶΣ˵ɱˣǻʬ𼣣Ҳǳ¡
ǣ˵ĿѹͺͱԼǵֵ㣬ټеĳȴǿжϳһŮˡ
һʵǿһֵĶɱǿĴ㶾Ůˣ
ѵ㲻֪װûһ˿֮أǺúõ̸̸Գ˺ܺõģȻ˵
⵭ȻĻ֮У޷һȻɱ⡣
Ҳ΢΢һʱ֪Уɱ⣬Ů˸ȷжϡ
ĶʱԭǾĳ׹Ƿ棬վͬʱĻ壬زǷҵʹ֮⣬һȴĴ̼һףϺʹ˸顣
һ̣ȻҲȻȻǽճĶˡ
㵹ǵ治ڳ֮£侲֮Ǻ˵ڣɽǹɣ
Խ㣬һ£ұҪ˽⣬ȻҲ֪κĹ׳˵
үǰɻǺү
׿һۣš
ɶʱЩˡ
֪ʲô
ӦλС֮еһ˰գϣֻǣʲô˺ϵô죬Ǿ͵õϢ˵
һ㶣󿩿һЦȴǻָ˱״̬ȴͬĻһ㶯
ˣе˼ͷԣұ㲻ɷŹ˲ţֻǣǺǣ֪ҵΣ㣬Ժ󣬺ܿܣұǬӣ⻹Ҫչ˳ҿʼųɣôȻ²õ˭˴Ϣ
ɫ΢΢һҹϮǬûôɵĽϢţǱֻһֿܣǱǣҵԵףϢ
Ǵһ㣬ҲƲǬȻţűȻĹ
ƲЩ֮ɫ䣬ȻƴС˺±Ҳˣֻ֮ǲһϣҲ͸ĵһأ㽫¼ʵ棬ƴСŹ常ɡ˵ţƺһ˿Ѳɱ⡣
ɴ˿ȴǻһ׶㲻㣬ƴС㣬ɱңҼү뿪ɣūţ
ģֻҪ˵ˣҶɱġǺƺЦЦ˵
ţ㣬ƴСĶ飬ҲΪ򵥵һƴСЦɡ˵ţǰڲͳһһĶϣȻּ
ֵݹǺ˽ӹѸٵһۣ֡ԽʱǺƺ¶壬ȻǾϲЦݡ
һ̣ɱⶸȻ𣬰Խ֮ʹĿؽ˲伱߷ѹõģõ˼µͷš
һŭȣѪڷɱڱǳһɼ˿ֲ
֮£ԽһصĽ⣬ֱʵʰĴݶ˺󱳵ĳ
ˡ
һõĽһ㣬ȻȻ׵˫֮󣬶ʱ˽һԼµٶȣǺŮնɱ˹ȥ
ݡ
ռһµٶȣĹͽȫɱںϣ
֮ƣ˲ֱӵĴ˺˵塣
ۡ
Ѫ籡
Ĺͷ˽ݺݵһȴȻ޷ܿⳤâ
㡭˵ıƭķŭһδ˵Ϊɢ籡ϵĺֶʱѿ¶˾ա
ȫգغһȻݺһһǺһҺѪ


021 ڶ
ۡ
ǣƺʱһ۵Ľǰ˲䵯ʱֳֳ׺ݺݵ˳ȥ
еĳ˳ǵĳݺݵĳ˳һɾ޴Ѫ
ۡ
һڵѪŮ˺ü¡ɫ԰ֽѪ㷢˳ǰͷɢסǾ԰׵ա
һ̵ģʹȻĽ·סһѪĳ嶯ŮһŤת壬ĵԶٱȥǻعͷȴôԹޣ
ƭңһ죬ҪܣȻͬһԶԶֱһΣȴǶ̫ĺ⡣
Ǳٴδӷ֮վһȻĿԶˣ
ɣȴǱ˲ľŪЩ£ðعȴǾǽĪǿǾ׵ĺֶΡ
֮ǰǺ˵Ź˵ʱѾȫûɱ⣬ǿŵģ׻ܳ䲻ɱ֣ʹɺ׵侲ġ
ڽ㣬ȴǻȥı֤ɲŭϲΪȷףѾɳˣѾˣ
׶û°ɣɵߣףʵ
ۡ³һڱ⾢ѪҲǼ𾪵ģֻ˿常ģûµģֻǴ˵ز˾ǻǱ߱˵׿Ѹٵ뿪Ƿ֮ء
ȴǳŮǰеķ˹ȥ
׵뷨ץŮӣնɱץԼҲ뿪Ƿ֮ء
ֻǣ׷Ѱһ·̣ȴмŮӣ
ǣȴҲûʲôɥ֮⣬ǰһξ֮ѡһ򡪡
·ϣһֱĬԣɣȴСĵܣͬԵúǳĬ
ˣƺڿı̸ܿǽĿֲ
ֻߣ˶ûȥܱ˵ʵ
ڣ׻̲סܴӵϵִᣬ֪Ĺ佭֮£ϣʲô֣бҲѾЩˡ
ټ֮ǰһŽ⣬Ҳʹܿ϶磬Զ֮еҪӵĶ࣡
׶һŽɣɼɫ粻ʮ꣬ϵṇ̀ʱҲһʹ
常Ǵ˵֮еЩݵ֮Ļô侲ʵ
Ӧòǵģ˵֮еЩѾǧ꣬⻤ȴӦʥĸ֣ԱۼӶԿ̳һһΪΣյĹͷסһζľ޴ƻԵĹ
ȻֻһԵҲǿĶ⼸ǧʥҲ˵ƺҲѾ
ֻû뵽һŮ֮ݻĶϡ
ɷ֪һЩʥĸֵϢ˵˳
ð죬ȴû
ɶЩǵʱ׺Ȼᶨ˵һΪǧһλʥģ
⻰ȴǺݺݵһú常ţһһģ
׵˵ͷ漴ѰһԺǿ֣ʼָ

͡
̵ٵĳڼ˻ɬѨλ٣Ѿһ٣˿ﵽ˼ޡ
֮УͬһʹȵĴʹһĳ׵񾭡
ⲻϵĲţɫ԰ףͷ亹£ȴҧȫĵţȫ屻ݲеʹࡣ
һһһεš
ӿʼð𣬵ʹѣȻľ
һδεģȫĳ׷Ŀš
ҪԽҪѪ֮ɽеѶȣеʹֱ࣬˵
ףȴûһĻ⡣
һأ⣬һȫڲϵĳɬѨλʱ򣬲֮䣬˽ĵڶ㡣
⽣ڶ㣬ϸ˵ֻǶڽΪһЩؽҲǿ˼֣ȻӦģڱʵҲǿ˼֡
˿̣ԸоԼѾֵ̤ľˣ£ĻʵĶ֣
ֻһָоһŵĸоȻʵĻֲһʮˣָоױԼʵмȻˡ


022 
ܽһ·ţ˿ûԼԭǰɾŮ˿ȴǵдš
׸磬׸磬ﰡ
ЩɳƵӺ͵͵ķȴǲʮһŮ
Ǻģκ˿ֹס۵ġ
һĺһֱǰţֱ𽥵ĵͳûȥ
㲻֪ƣĴ˲֪ãڣɭֺǰԳһССǰǰȴһԼ׿Ĺٵ
ٵϣѾЩʿٵǰԳһСӰ
ܽ߳ɭֵһ̣ʱֹס˲˿Լһװ磬͸ˮңİƱƺˣܽڰһ㡣
ѰһˮԴ֮أܽ˿ԼģɢҵĴսζͷѾȫĲ״Ϻڲûˣȴɫ԰֮ȫһۣȴΪѪ͸ȻɺԣԳֳɫ
ܽ̾һʱ뵽֮ʱ׸ĽŮĹ£뵽˹֮еն񽭺ʱд
˿еĳ֮£ֻܽýԼԭ㷢һԳĨȥ׵ͺͷ¶˳
ţܽԳն˲Ѿµĳ֮ϣȡ˲գ촽֮ϡ
΢һװ磬ʱܽѾһͷɳģ
ȻСɳ֣ҲǺġ

ܽŵ֪ӣ򣬴ԣںܾǰо׹£ΪŮ޸˵һΪޣ֣Ҳɴ˵
ϣѡһȽƫĵطܽԳһˮܽرǣȻȥ˲÷ӵȻһջѡһµȵ᷿ס˽ȥ
ϴϣɫѾ𽥵ĺʮ֣׵ʱԽԽɫ˵˿̣ѾЩˡ
һɫųȻЩײ֮࣬Сɳֱ߽Ϊ棬˵Ҳûע⡣
ܽĴһҲǶܴ׷ɱҲΪݡ
Ȼʮһ꣬ܽȴǱκ˶ף֮Уɱ¾ģ޲ȨԼλҪõЩǱҪʵʵ޷鵤ҩ
ɴˣЩǲһ㼴һѪȷ硣
ܽЩԶԼݣĺһѵëĺ룬мֲ԰׵ǻѵһ̬֮еСжѣ
ջ˲ܶ࣬һеƴƣϣʵɱ⣻еڳԾƵͬʱлųҲеģһȺ˵ͷյһС̸ʲô֮£Ҳֲࡣ
ʱ£ͷ֮˷һͬͷҳɴɫ˽
һǵСҪſѯʣǺгѾȻֱָİСĵСľ
һֺŷ䣬ϵȷˣٰȻɱ⣡ͳ˻ƵĿѹ͵ټǺԵѪʹܽˣˡ
ǵúҹĺµɱУֶκ֮˿̣ܽȻȷȴҲˡ

常ĵطɣܣŴС㣬ѾˣǼϺҩƣ㣬ǱֻҪȥ£֪ܵ׷˵
ɵ˵ͷ׶ܽǱ㲻ô
ңȻҪңܽû£ĴȻӡǵģȥ򣬱ҲѰһƫƧ֮ӡǣȻȴ̣ܽܽȻ派ӣ־ᶨڸգӦãἪġ״żҰο˵
ţϣ˰գү߰ɣ壬ҪաʹĿһףǲҰ׵ɫͶͷϲϹĺˮɵģһľΡ
û£ĹȻй֮ͷҶԲ£ԸĽսγɾʥ֮ԻͣĿᶨ˵
ɶʱмִζ׶ԣȴҲҪע壬Ͼ壬ǸѹեǱԺֻʥҲ޷ˡ
΢΢ͷҲ𻰣ȵıǰ档
Ҳֻ΢΢̾Ϣ

ҹѾջ֮У˿Ѿ˸Žۻɫ͵ƣһһġ
һȺˣںȾƣһȺˣȴȻ̸
һ̣ⱱʹ𣬿ջ֮ţȻһ߿
ء
ջ֮ţȻһɫ̷ԣٻɫƹ£˸ɭȻ֮⡣
ͷ׳һʵĺɫ˿ϵͷ̻Ƴ£סòԳ˼ᡣ
һںȾ֮λ󺺼ͬʱȻеĳݺݵĳ˳һλεĹâ
ıˣȴͬɫһ䣬ֲĳҲ˲ıγͬʱָ֮ˡ


023 ޺
ӰȻʮʮֵͳȴǴһɼӴɷ
ĳ΢΢һȻ˺Ŀ֮Уӣ˱󣬺ʵľ޵ĳ˵ɫȴһ˲䣬üͳ
Ӱңɢϣǵ£Ѫ񵶵޺ۣǾˮˮȥڴ˴ˡԭɫˣһӣֳֳԴ˵
ڲϣڻȷԣջ֮ˣʱȫߣ޺˵еĳѾ˵ϣ⣬͵΢ĽӴȴ˿Ļǡ
Ⱥ˾ɫһ䣬һû˵ֻĿʮ־ŭңɢˣȴɫһ޺ۣĪҪ̫Ҵɢ˵Ļʱ֮ʱߣҲĪҪ̫ڿһɽһɽߣ磬µһ
ңɢǰɣ޺ûκα飬˵
ԣ£ǴͦĿ˿ûоĶŵ޺ۡ
޺³һ֣嶸ȻһĲӰৡһѾңɢǰ
кʵĳֱӵһɽûκεķӵʽ򵥡ֱӡ١
ۡ
ꡱ
ͷѵ洩͸һ봫ںһ壬һ˲䣬ݺݵײڳеͽ͵ġ
ˣһһѪճİɫҺţ¶ɭȻͷǵͷɫġɫġɺѪɫҺ壬ʱһء
ǰһҺͬ뵹صֳ׻ĳӹµһʱ䣬ⳡ漫˵Ѫȡ

һ˲䣬ջ֮Уٵľƿ;ǴŻңɢˣȴǴһ£һ˲䣬ȴǺۣ
ǵĴ簡ΨһĴĺõĴ磬ʲôΪĴ磡
ôˣôıѪ񵶵޺һɱˣ
ޣŭ񡭡
Ѫɷ֮ʱӿ
޺ۣҪɱ㣡ңɢ˵ŭĺĳŵ޺۳
޺һ˿бЦݣеĳĻʱ¹ĵ۴͸˵壬ֱĨɱ˲ϡ
ۡ
ۡ

Ȼǡˡͷ
Уһţ֮ǰЩŻ֮ˣ˿̾Ż£ɸһĲţһ̣ѪɫĴ󵶣ĨԼĲӡ
ʮ£Ӱջ֮ˣȫ޺һǳ֮£ֻſڵĵطվţٴڵϣ⣬ɺѪ
ʮ
ţ
ô죿֮еһˣɫ԰׵ѯɫ׵ӡ
üͷ΢΢ȴû˵
еĳ߳˼Ŀͬû˿Ķŵ޺ۣӰҲδõǵõﶺ޺ۣǻɷµһÿڵĶһԣϣ޺۴ɷһ档
˵գлԵĴ󺺣ĿŵĶŵ޺ۡ
޺Ȼûκα飬ƺûһ㣬ֻԹԵš


һ
ˣȻû˽Ӱջ֮ˣ㶼ɣɷţԣվһߣɱ֮ˣѳӰǣˣ
޺΢΢˵
ȴɫ΢΢һ֪⵶޺۵֣ʱֻʵӱߣȾ

춯ѾܽΣ㾳֮£ܽѡ
Ѫ񵶵޺ۣ֮ϣ֮ǿԸӣŷɥ˱ᡣ
ʲôӰܽǴδ˵
ֻ㣬ҪƺҪѹܽһʱΡ
ڣߣѾ߲ˡ
㣬ҲܶĹô죿
һʱ䣬ܽȴȴҲûκΰ취ֻܣǶħһķѲţż˳û룬˲䡰ݡļöѪȫ¸Ѩȫ
ֶΣܽҲһ˼Լĸܽһįһ

ѾҹˣȻˣ׻ϸ̲һһЩȽƫƧԺǽڣȻһһöܽرǡ
ܽرǣһ˯״̬ܽأһѾ²⵽ܽڿջ֮е
ջĿջֻջһңԣҪѰܽѾˡ
׺ܸˣҲܼڣҪѰԼǿˡ
鼤֮£׵常죬ܽջ֮УǿЩȥۡ
ţ常֪첻ˣкñߣǿȥҲϻξͬһѸ۶

СУţ޺ɨһܽǵĺ룬˫۵Ŀⶨǲû͹ĺЦһ㣬·
һɼ˵ɷһɺѹǵصܽѹȶ
ܽɫȻһ԰ףʱһһѪ

ס֡ջǡǡڸ¥֮ϵһĻʱŭȵ


024 Խ
һ̣Ʊǡ
ܽȴһ̣ݺݵһ˲ƲסҪԼĻֻһ̣ȻܽȴǷ֣ǰ֮ˣƺĺǿ󣬶Լĸ硭
ܽһʱŸջȴ뻢ڣ
죬Ϊʲôôƽ
ܽвһɺ⣬һҪƴסǵ޺ۣȻԼĸһ㡣
ǿܽĶ״һܽ£Ȼᴦõģģ
ӵ޺۵Ļӵ޺۵ľѹ׳˵
˫Ŀ顢ɭ䡢һȻĹâֱӵ޺ۡ
ס֣ǺǣŲʮ֮꣬ƣΪʵǾ֮ţֻǣгԽҵ޺۵Ĵڣһҷ֣ؽ͵նɱԣգˣ
޺һ˿ͬʵʰɱ⣬ɫżֲм
ƺһ֮£Ƴ׵ʵ
˶Իɺܽ˳Ĭɼ׵Ҳ֪⺢ӣѾ˼ƽϣ˿ֳֳֻ̣ʮ־׼ţԷһ·Լӡ
ȻױʵҲǲǺ͵޺ħͷʵǲ֮
޺ۣгһ˲佫Ĩɱʵ˵ˡ
ֻǣ޺˵ȴȻһЦһͻƽڶ㣬ʵѾﵽ˶־磬ؽ̶֮ȣǴ䲻֮£Ȼܽ⵶޺նɱҪŻһ¶ԷȴǺаյġ
νթھʵǰʵֶֻܿˡ
˿̣侲ͳţϲʮ䣬֮У˵޺һɺܴѹ㣬Ҳʹõ޺΢΢һ˿⡣
һ˿ĺһ֣˿
Ц
ʲôǰԽԽﵽصĽ龳磬Ѿܷ꣬ؽﵽؾ磬Ǳǽ꣬ܽԼɷɽ꣡
Ѿﵽν˵֮еľ磡أǿֲ֮ǣγɷɽֱɱΣ
Ȼ˿ֻ̣˽һأĵڶ㣬Ƕڽ⣬ѾˣԽƣתŤ֮ƣǳ
˿̣ûۻƹѾʹõ޺ѹһ⽣֮ѹųֻ±⵶޺ۣҲмȻ
ˣױ޿֣
ǲУǵ޺Ҫɱ֣ôѹƺǣ£Լ٣֮Ҳһɵʤ㡣
Ȼ·ߵѡ
˿̣ţԽԲһ֡Ծģ
޺ۣΪ㾳磬µһ㽫֮Դɡ۶Ԫ֮ľںδ֮ܣө֮ѣ׺ǲм˵漴ƺԼԵİһߵλá
ľ磬׿ǲϹ˵ǡ֮Уἰ֮Դ磬ǳ쾳磬Ϊ֡
֣һȫľȫΪôܳΪɸˡ
쾳֮ǰȴ꾡еȴܣǵУһ֣Ȼѧʦ֣㣬ȴû֮ű֮
ڽ֪֮ľƵģѾߵǰ㾳֮ˣֻ֪״˿ȴǿԿ϶һ仰ʱǵ޺۵
Ȼǵ޺ĵ͵һиһ˿ľ⣬ż֮⣬ȴмֲĵߣĪ㵱滹޳ʥĸֲɣߣ֪Сգ޺ҲɣȻоɱƬ̣˷֣ȴǲɱǿ̽
ϷȴɵɺܽⶸȻı仯ȴ֣Ϊ޺۳֣ʵ̫ˣ
ǣ˵Ϊý⣬Լ֮УмֶоŨɱ⣬΢΢һɣɫȴûκθı䡣
ݡһһĲкۣռХʱնɱ׵沿
ײܣĿмĲ棬ӶЦĿ⣬һݺݵĴŵ޺۵ģ
һ̣޺۵֣ȴǲˣ
ߣܵ˼ĳ޺̬ŤгȻ׶Ȼ
͡
˲䱻ѹٴα
һ̣ޱӴġѹõĽ⣬Ȼ߶һɺˮһ۵Ľ⣬Ȼӿ
һ̷һõ
ˡ
ʱ͵һдӺ󱳷
ݡһԸǿݵٶȣȻǳĵ֮ǰ

ĽɼӴķ֮ݺݵĽ޺۵˺üȴǹڿС
һ̣޺ɫ̿ң壬Ҳ


025 Ӱ
ûκεĶ֧ţ֮Уţ
ǵ޺ۣǻɷµһÿڵĶһԣҲɵûһҲһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
һ̣޺ۼεľۼƣȴҲ޷һԿӴ嫵Ľѹ־ƺһ̱ݺݵĳһ
һ̣޺ۣʧȥ
ɫȻӵĲ԰ų֣ҲʼмֲڱЩѪģ˿ڣһĴʹʹ֪ţΣ
Գ֧޺ָңָף㣬쾳ĸ֣
ײпĿ⣬ϵɨ⵶޺һۣ쾳磿ʲôľ磬һҲĪ붮ãк֮£¡Ӱ˽ԿȥȻ޺²֣˱֮ǰɱ¾ûһ߳ջ
⵶޺ʵȴ˲ϧǻɷŵһÿڶһԣɱңɢˣɴ˿ɼ⡶Ӱֻ˲õĹˣ
ײԭֻǴ㿿Žĳǵ޺ѹȥԷߣʹʱȴǷ֣⽣ʹãڽƿأ֮Ƕʵ̫ӴоԼݶа׶£
ã˿̼ȻԤڵЧãǲŹᡣ
Ļһ˵ʱ˸ɫҡ
ڵ޺УܽʵϵţڿҲܱһǰ˫Ŀһ׹ĺУ˾Ǹоһɹɵķĵ׵ĺ⣡
ͷųһɽ⣬Ѿľǵ֡뵽Ǿһ뵽Ǽ˹Ѹݵٶȣԡ޺۵ˣжЩ㷲
һ̣˾Ǻ޲ԼϱӰȻæȥæ뿪Ƿ֮أ
ϾֻһѣɽڲûգԺǣ
һʲôͶûˣ̸ʲô
˻˼ȴƺ͵޺֮ǰλһ㣬һһƣǵ޺һ㶣ⳤѾɱǰ
ݡһȴȷ
ĳ̶ȰյúܺãڴƵ޺۵ߺʵѹͷɣ˿һȣȴǲھ
ʮ£ٲӰˣһΣ㿪ʼ
ͬһݺݵû˵飬һѪڣǿ־循֮⣬Ũҡ
û֪ǽġԽ֮Խ֮⡯꽣ΪռĿģһ棬ȻҪģⷽµĹ򣬵Ǽġ
ˣ˵֮䣬Աעǽ⣬飬ʵҲһּ򵥵鹥
ڵĽԼǺֶε£㵱Ч
ûпʼǾһˣʹ˿ʼ϶˱ֻǿһбҲЧ
ûһ飬侲ţ˪˿
ԡͬˣһ̣ȭͷ
ǵ޺ۣȴɫ˺üΣÿһ춯ʱӦ֮ϼ̴һɺɱ⣬һʱһҲʵ˺ܶࡣ
˴ˣǶ˵ûʵȻЩˣͳͳ
£Ȼûа취ɱЩˣףҲˡЩ˵ġ
ţȴʮţ΢ŵʮ
ʱ䵽ˣȻû˽Ӱãܺã˵ձЦЦ֮УǷ
ЦЦзҲ亹ɭȻ
һ֪ͣһֵɱ¾Ҫʼˡ
ʱԺȻ
ٵ˹
λǰӰԽֻ¶ʼ⣡ǰ˵
ΪɷŶң㶨еġ
ţãʰգ׵
ǰΪǲм⡶ӰֻΪΡԶ׵˫ۣĿʵ
˿رܣĿƽͬĺ棺Ϊ⡶ӰİĵܸܵܽɱԣǲЦ
Ҳ΢΢һʱ뵽֮ǰһУ֪㣬֮ǰСɳֲǼڽô
һ˼ҧҧãˣһԣ㽻⡶ӰֻϣǰҪΪһɷˣ
˵գԴ¼вȡһ㷺ƹżС飬ĵ˹
Ϊ˻ԣѡ
ֽӹⱾ飬ͷβһۣ⡶ӰȴӦ漣ȻˣǱȥɣ
˵գ̽ʱУӰ־һݣʱգԽڶϬݵһֱӽⱾɫĹ׭ֹż˵棬м
һ̣ˣסˡ
޺ۺݺݵĶһۣԹĿ˻һۣ͵ĽڱϣŶ


026 ž
Ӱм׷ɣֽм¡
ֽм֮УˣҲ׷뿪ûʱ򣬻ɵɵĴ
ΪɷµһÿڶҵģһǺܶɵӵģˣؼٺҲмŭ𣬳֮ʣعͷһۡ
ȴг΢΢һеķڿлһȦȻеķɻ˱Ľʡ
ϡһٴһȴǲٶ࿴һۡ
ؽʵѾһѧʦ֮˿ģһ֣Ա֪һΣߵˣˣҵڣҪŬı֮ϳޡ
£Ҳһӣʱ뿪

ջ֮У޺ɱһȺˣѪȻ֮⣬ʣһƬš
СȴѾκεɵɵĶڸ¥ķ£ҳ
΢΢ŻЩ㶵ܽһůһ϶ʱչůЦݡ
ܽܽ뿪Щ
һ㶣ʱ⣬С㣬ǿߣֻ¹ǿʲôǱ㲻ˣ
˵ѹܽаٸнһ֮£ȴ˵ԼĻףصĿ
һʱҲǰٸнģƺܿͱˮڻ£ܽ׳ȵ常ߣ
ɵͷʱ˽¶ȻӰֱӴӸ¥Ϸٶȼ졣
ջ׸˿ûиٶȸû˿ݶ˼ȫеٶȶʱٴδ
߷ءХܽĿ׵ϣЩ̹ǵĺϮ΢΢һ£ʱףȴǸˡ
ƺӦֺһܽǽıţȻٶٴ
һӰٵʱɭַȥٶȷ۵糸һ㣬һӰȴԵüǱ
ǱܽٶȣɣԼľЩϣֻ־ͬᶨҲ˺ȣһᣬҲƴٱۡ
ƴȼյȴ
üһʱȫѾȫˮʪ͸ܽȴ˫ĿһֱǰţôĿԼĸ磬ôԣôҸ
ܽΪ¼ůĻ

صӴɭ֣׺ɾǲһͷԵڵϣ˵ģѾ;ƿݵĵزɭ֮УΪĶȻϺЩǻгûһ̣׵Ҳġ
ͣܽµվԱΪ˰ţˣȴǳûĻָ
նκʱ򣬶ûо԰ȫĵط׺ɣͣͬʱ˵㿪ʼָ
κʱֻѵ״̬ʵĴȥ
˼ڣ붨³Խ֮һ㵽ڶѾʼ
ϵĴӻɢɽѾľľǰһҹݲ˵ľ磬һ̣ȴָֻ˼ͣһΣ׸͵壬ʱҲʼɢżȵ
һһĿ飬ͨ꣡
⿪ʼÿһֵĽ⣬꣬һָʴԵˣʵѾǿһִֻǳ̶ȣ˵ĵ΢ѣ
ǼǼ˵ĵ΢˼꣬ʹ̵࣬ƺԾޱȿ̣ˣܳܵ
Ҳ㣬˵֮ϣС߼֮·򼫵֮ǳ̣֮ʷԼĪҪϰ֮˵
ݿ֨ĲײţһľΣڣ壬Ѿʼ鴤ǣ˿ϲðİɫ壬ǶϲϹȵĺˮȴ˵˿̣һӦţ
ԭܽһԻмֺ⣬˿ȴǶȻоů紺һ㣬ʮֲ졣
ڶ׵ľֻܽ鶯˫ۣעŸ硣
Լ׸;ǰһ̣ܽǶô˽Ļô뻹ø籧Լǣ¡
ֻǣ֪ܽӣֻڻ֮׷Ѱˡ
֮ǰԼĸǰĺ͵˽棬ܽѹΪ磬Ѿ𽥵ĺԼԶˣֱ֮ǰԼƴܵһ̣ܽѾ֪ԼˣԼĸ磬ԶԼҲԶԼᣡ
ᣬ鲻ԽĴܽйΪü飬ҲΪ״˿̵Ĳ԰ɫ
ˮڵҹﻬ䣬Ө͸
Ťɫʹ࣬ܽɵ֪ܲһķϲģҪõϿɣ޵ҪεŬн֮ɾͣ
Լĸ㣬ܽоԼˣˡ
ת˵ĳţһ̣ܽԼĿӰԼ
ܽôˣ׸ԺҲ㣬Ҳˡ׼ܽ
ܽһʱתͶ׵Ļʱһ˶
磬磬ҲֿˣأҲҪֿ˺ôܽ㴳ܽĿ⼸յıҾƺһɲǼ䣬˳ôıôʹ
ããܽǸõãһػ֮ˣԶػߵģֱһܽҵİɾ˸ĵػΪֹҲֵĸ˺ͼ
ܽûûžˣûʲôӵĵˣ
еͺһʧһ̣УֻΪԼȥĿɰµĺá
ܽŲҪˣܽҪԶĸڸߣҪŸҸ֣Щҵİɩɩ
˵˵ţܽҲֹס˫鶯˫ۣ˿ȴЩס
Ȼ˿ܽǹͷȻ޷鶯գܽģ׵ģĺʹʹ
ںڵĳǺһķ٣ʧˣڼ䣬ܽ˶ٵĿడ
һ̣ѹʹͬʱ׶ǬԼϼ壬ȴǸӵĺˡ


027 
ҹϰϰҹ£ڻѩˮ𽥵ٴɱ衣
žۣҲϻοۣûžˣ
֮ǰʹõǿ͵ĹȻ׵ʵĪˣֻ£ȻأǲʵģҲȥʡ
ױܽ˵˻ỰܽЩϾʮһ꣬ǸСŮ䣬ǽŮ죬䣬㾭Ҳʵꡣ
һ̳֮һЩ֦ȣ׸ϣע֮ϣǿ԰ЪġƽˣŽܽŷ档
㶯ȴʹܽȻ˹
֮ҹܽȴǲԸ˯ȥǿ
磬ܽ˵գܽסˡܽĿںط꼤ϲԼƬ̵ļ֮ƣ͸Ϯָֻ˱Ĵ
ϾֻʮһĺӣĸٺǹӺ֮󣬱Ҳ𽥵ĵ
ͷҲмֱĳأȴǴеЦݣһ۵常Ҳա
ɻæӦ˵أ˿ףƺǳ䵱
Ҳԣ԰ܽ¡
磬ڣĺѽ֪ˣȻǺܸ˵ģ㲻֪˵Ҫɱ㣬׿޵úĹأףǺ۰ģ㲻Ҫ˺ô
ܽ˵͵͵ģмʹ
Ҳ΢΢һƺֵůļ䣬뵽÷ȷʵȷʵܴŮӵ֮УоԵĴ󰮡
ֻǣʳӣǬʹɱ֣ȴΪΣ
ײɵ֮ǰԼ״ҪɱԼ֮־ܽһͨ棬²⵽ʹɱֻ֣£һϸ˼ȴ˼ɻ
ɱˣҪжģ˵ھУԣ£ȴʮֵ侲š
ӣɱ˵ĶʲôɱԼܵõʲôôܱʲô鷢
ϸһ˼룬뵽뿪ҵһ£뵽ƺЩ͵ӣ׺Ȼзһĸо
Ȼ֪Լٺͼ˽Ӵ٣Ӳһ֮ˣ÷ӦòǣΪΡ
뵽Щжʱһ˿ɻ󣬵ܽʱлصܽ׸ǲ׵ģضСҲ£׸ǲ糣ڽڼУҲ޹ϵҲĪҪ̫ˡ
ܽĵ˵ͷڷһ˿Цݡ
תһԶɣ常ҵӣãҵһ֮ˣ
硪ܽƺлҪ˵ȴǺ˶û˵
׶Ȼ֪֪֪ģūү߷̵Щӣүһĺ֮ˣм䣬ʲôᣬֻⱾһıҲ˵֮Уն񣬱ݡװ֣֮Ҳ޴ڣū˼շתܾ࣬飬͸©Ź죡
ɳ˼˵Ȼǽ֮ϣЩʱҲһܵ档
Ҳŵĵ˵ͷ
ܽ߸統ľ𣿡˵Ȼ¶
ţ磬ܽ£ܽһ˵Ȼľһ˵׺ɾһ˿ɫ
ҹٴε˳š
Ƭ̣׺Ȼ˵常գܽңԺܽչ˰ɣУʵʱŪԵɣڿŵ£͸¶ҵĲϢֻǣ򲻿õڶ֪ҵˮ
΢΢ͷɫȴмį׶㲻ȥô
׵أڣ£Ѿ֪ܣȻֻһƪͨĹȴǶ񹦣ҰٿĪ磬ȥֻԼ壬ǶȺ֮
ұڽ˼һʱգȵһʱԻԻȥ
ļԣһȥģ
ʱЩŪףЩҲҪһ˽ᣡ׳˵
ȴǹе׶ԼСģ常֪һ£常˵Ҳ޷ı⣬ֻǣκ£ҪȥҪҪֻлţ
常ס
磬ܽҪ͸һ𴳵ܽٲˡܽԵɣʱŵ
ܽɫ΢΢һ䣬ܽʱ
ҧҧ񱴰ݣܽ磬ܽܽؼҺһŪԭ򣬵ʱ˺ģܽҲڼˣʱܽǲˣҲĪҪΪܽѹ
ܽն񣬵ﻹǲģڼ䣬ǻ֮ˣŶˣɼһߣ磬ôὫӵƣܽĪҪ˵Ȼһӣᰲĵġ΢΢̾Ϣĳ˵
СŮӣܶ飬ʱĺ⣬еĸӣѾˣڼ֮Уܽٶ£Ƕ뽭ɱ٣һλܿŻ֣ΣֻɵӶܿ⡣


28 ޷
һܼɭ֣賿䣬һ͸·͸ϣһ̣˶Ĭԡ
Ҫֱˡ
۵ĿֺҸʹᡣ
״˿ҲܣܽҪԵģǼ尵ӿȺн÷ĸߣߣ̫ܲԼ
׿Цһ佭ֻǱ׷ɱˡ
һѪȺͿ·
ܽȥɣ磬ģһṦţúҪٴκˣ֪ô״ӻóһŵɫľԺܿŵ֣дһƪȽĲ
۾΢΢һȴûжԡ
常ܽģһּ򵥵ĹֻǱȽټ֮ʱˮ޺գӦûЩá׵
ɵͷ׶ģ常׵ģ⹦ˮ޺ܻ֮ģɬ֮˵
׵˵ͷӰ֮ѡĲףԼҲףܽȴס
ףҲס
ˣǶˣװ·գܽؼҺκ飬ҪģúñԼʲộȥҲûʲô˼ˡȻ˵
硭
ţԣȥɡ

ɴܽһһСıӰܿʧڵƽߴֱӰģʧŻع
֮Уȣį䡣
ͷң񷣬˫֮УȻһɼɱ⣬֮Ȼڲ˲䣬ϲŵ͵ǿĽ֮Уһֱӵķ׵ĺ󱳡
͡һ뽣ʣʣأš
ͷѾһ˪˫֮УĿɱȻ

ɳţѾˡ
죬շת࣬ߡ
÷㲣ϴǶڶŮĵǣԲ˵
÷˵ȴǲͷĻ˻ֵ˵ˣܽһûµģģ磬Ѿ˽ɳһʮǰȥѰңӦúܿϢģտ޿䣬ʲôӣ
ضҪϰ䣬⵱ģҲܣضƼɺͳ
÷ɫ㲣֮£ȧǱѾ͹˳ۿȥ˫۲Ѫ˿
ǡȥضܽϢˣЩ߼檡
ţȥա

ҹٴ٣ɲܽС
ϼʮɱܽٴװȻźҹȻϼ峤լԺ֮С
ܽ˼ǰȴǴܽӺͽ÷֮լԺ֮
үūŴСˡ
ţӵһϲլԺǰȴѾϲӭ˹
үӣɵڵأݺᡣ
ɹܼң𣬿ܽ졪㣬ģˣӴ󾪣ʱסɣ󾪵
ƺЩ󣬽÷̵أ߻;У󾪣һϲʱ
ܽ
ס
ܽ㡪÷һ˲۵ԸӣʱŮʹ
ĸŮˣʱһš

ҹѾˡ
ӷУɣܽ÷ˣɫʮֳţûˣһ˿˯⡣
飬ͷβġܽȻӺܺޣһ̣ȴ侲Ľһн˳
ɣ֮ǰѾһЩ˵¶֮£Ϊ׵棬Ҳʵ˵
һ̣ӣҲ˼εᣬԼݡ
Ųˣ飬鷳ˣ֮ڣмϸֻǣ磬ǰϣԽ̵СضǴҶУ飬Щ֣£һıӳ
ǰϾڼңܽ
ţǰϣİΣ޷ߣѾضÿ賿Ҫѧһգǡϴ󶽴ضӣǬһȥҲм١
ˮɽׯʱҲʮʱĴɱڰҹʱ賿ĻǬûʱϻء
ңʱ㣬ͥ˫Ŀ峺ǳҹйӷ
ˣ⣬ֻµΪƵһı÷һҲ侲
ΪȻ


ڶ ·


029 Ѩ
һҶУһֱ
Խһؽ⣬ڶرǽġ
ߣҲ
Գ˵ĽǶȿǣ˿̣ȻȻﲢֻǣνߣģģĵطǵ
֮֮УܻŽ״£ȴ⣬ȻǱȽϿնĵȻǱȽϻɬľ硣
Ȼ״˿ֻ˽һؽĵڶ㣬ָԣȴͬǽģĳӯͬǻһࡣ
ûɺܽߣͷ˲٣֪ҪԵģҲǲ١
֮⣬ѧȴǸ޷ϰΪȴй·ߣй·ߣ׶ԣ
ĳ̶ֳ˵û˽Ȼϲġ
ֻǣ˽ףΪ֡
ͨľšҫ̫顢塢Ρ涽ҫ̴̴СͥѨλ̴Ѩ֮н֮⣬ѨλǺͨѨλûаغϲ֡
׵νƽҪľ磬ģһЩ磬ȴǲ˲
㣬ȴǡǡΪʺ־ᶨٴʹ࣬Ӳһʹ֮м
ٴεĸһνͨƪȫĹ׳һںɫ
һΣҪڶγѨĹˡ
£˽ĵڶ󣬽ƣѾԸ潣ⱾĽŲˣΪСͲڶ磬Ҫȫ߹ͨ
ҪͨһйͨױֻҪǰͨҪͨĵڶء
νڶأ;̴̴СͥѨλһٽͨ
⼸Ѩλ̴ѨأѨλǱ֮ҪƣһεĸֻǸΪˡ
ֻǣ˿׽ĶǰѾһΣѾٿ£Ƿܶûźǲ塣
ȫľ֮У׵˼룬ȫԼںϵһ
ĸо˵һƬã˵һجΡ
붨Ժ֮УѪɫѪɫأѪɫ
ÿһν붨׵ģмִĴԽ࣬ױԽף⽣һ־޳ʥĽڣһŬ۶Ԫȴ˵֮о磬Ҳڻ¡
ν޳ʥҲ˾֮󣬽۶ľ֮еľѡ
Ӧȴ֪˼룬Ѿ붨Ͻ⣬Լı֮С
ȫԱĶ;šҫ̫顢塢Ρ涽ҫţʹĸо֮һΣȴͣתһ·Ǳ
ز࣬￪ʼб㿪ʼܵ򣬶ʱ֮ǰͨеľ㣬Ƭ֮£ȫȫ
ǰͣ󷽵ͣ
νأձҲڴˣһһʱ֮޷ȡͻƣô粻֮󣬱ǱըĽ֣ף֮ڵĵطȴһ쳣ֱӲ
ͷ𣬺ˮĹţһ̣׵ȫͬһ㡣
ףȻûп
һ̣ǰ֪ʶȴ˲óΪѧʿ׺ף޵֮ڣθЧ
һСǳٶȡ
ѵĿЩϵתγ״ӳٶȣһ棬ԭѾϸСľ磬ȡмһСΪͻƵ㣬ֻͨ͸
Ѩ֮ǰ޹ˣ㣬ת֮ǰ۳״Ḷ́ҲسΣÿһΣʹ࣬治һʹࡣ
ÿһεĳ׶ǻݺݵһɫǲ԰׼֣ǣҧĳѪɫѾ԰׵ûһѪɫ׶ûк߳һ
ΣѾٽըԵݺݵĴ͸Сľ
䣡һ̲סһҺ

Ѩˣʵ˵ӦǱ͸ˣţޱȿ񱩵˲ļԭֻ͸һ㾭磬ǣıпչ˺ѿڲʼѪ
ǣײţѾʼһѨλĳ̣
һΣѨ̣ʵܣ


030 ײ
ûʵڽ֮б׷ɱ͵Ҳ˵ˣֺαعӲд
ԣ˵£ҲŽľ磬һɹΣ
˺ĶԴԼԼƳǱҲֻһˡ
һһԵ˺֮ڳѪͬʱѻ͵ʱĳ˽
ʱ׵־ĳŶƿأ
һˣ״̬֮£ѾʹĻȥˣףȴȻᶨĿ絶
絶ĿͬȫڲѾɢżֲİɫȻΪ
ŵһɾĿ񱩳ҧݣȻݶ񱩵ת״̬ݺݵһ·ȥ
ǰѧѧǲʿѧʶûһ٣˿̣ȫĽԼ嵱һǽȻ̽ϵĿ񱩵š
Σ
Σ
Σ
һĿ˷ţֻ֪ҪԵƴǱս޵ıֻҪһδεļ֮˵ĳɳҲǿֲģ
ûʣûл۸ĸǣûõ壬ЩûУҪ׶ԣԣѾ㹻
һٳ֮£ʹ࣬ģȫ͸˹꣬޴ʹ࣬ʹȫ
ʹֻ֪࣬ǺǳԵģΪԺÿһξչʹ࣬һΣøӵң
ڣһŷɽĲδʱʹĲǾĴʹѪĴʹǸʱȫĹͷҪһıĥ飬Ȼϣʹ֮࣬ڣʹǧ򱶣
˶ĳɾͣȴûܼʶʹ࣬Ȼϸ˵ʹ಻׵ǧ֮һǼǳʹ֮һһҲܳܵˡ
Ϊ˷ֹԼʹȥĵɴ۾Ӳĳţÿÿʼ󣬱ƴ˻һ
һΣһΡ
żܻв˻𴫳㼸Ǳ˻𣬾ʹԵĻǣҲӣԲǧ׾룬޾
ɫ𽥵İ˿̶̣һʱ䣬ʹ嵽һѨλ֮
ⲻԲȵһ죬ԭѾЩƫݣ˿̸ʮ첻ʳһ㣬ݹᾣۿȥȧǸ߸ߵ͹ȫɫľɼ
ƤͷƤѾճڹͷϣǰģֱȹֲ
ǵҹɭ֮У֮ڣȻ޾
䡪
ȫ͵һһͷԵڵأͥѨڴͨ
ȫдѾ屶࣬ȫ߹֮ͨҲǱըһ㣬һ磬Ҳʱ˺ѡ
֮ǰľ磬γһأ񱩵ϵѭš
Ƚ֮ǰѨʹ˵˿ľʹֱѾʹˡ
޴ʹţ׵ɫ΢΢˼ƣѾ˰Ĳ԰ף΢ָ˹
ڵѪѾʹ岿ֵطʼɫףطȫ֬ƺһգƤճڹͷϡ
һ̣ĺۣ˾Ҫȥһ㣬ʶҲм롣
ǣ־ȴǼ˵ļǿʱţԳٻĵطѪ˳Ȼȡ߱õѾĿ⣬ڵĳ
⿾⣬ߵʱµģʱģڸкܺá
ڣ׿УͬҶһ㣬û˿ζ
׻ǴڵĺݺݳֻȻֳı赱ˮŲվ
ȫѨλѾͨҲ˵ȫûһûѵġ
˵ѣǺεȴ£Ƕ˵ѣͬϷ
ҪչûҩضҪѣ
Ϊ޸һСС֮ڿҹ߲ݣܼʹ࣬һֱ޸ƣˣкˣһ㣿
޸ȫк֮ǣһˣĪ˵գûмϺõҩ︨ʮգ޸ã
ǿžԵĺģԼԽ֮Ľ޸ЧտޣѾȫ޸ˡ
ȫճһɹɵĺɫĻѪ˿ȳһĶ˿̵ףݹᾣȳȹ硣
Լģûһ˿ı飬ֱӿǰȥ
ǹȳ˵ζǹӵȴǺֲĽ⣬ʹ֮Ъķʱɡ
һĺߣ׵վںߵĸɺ֮棬мֱƯԳֺ⡣
Լ棬ֻҰǣڻơ
ȻǺҹɭ̵˫мĵ׹⣬ʱ׹㳯׳
˿̣ͨڶͨҹ䣬׵˫ĿҲܴ忴һˡ
ϵķȻڵ׵ȴƥǵ١


031 Х
ϸ˵˿ײսھΪпĳѨʱһȫ̱״̬
ǣΪ꣬ʶĶĳ˿̣Ȼ޷ʹã徭пѵѾʮǿˣҼȣҲʵķԾ
֮ͨȻʱ̱״̬ܣȴǵõ˴ȵߣ˷һ侲ŵ̬֮£ƥǣҲ˿ûаĻҡ
ҹԣؼԵмְףȴĿ档
ɭ轵ĺ⣬ʹüڣǵʧȥ˲Եʳ£ƥǣͬĹͼʳɭĺ⣬˲
׵֣ظʵŵǸԼİĺһ㣬ĪĸӦƺһǣ֮һ㣬У΢Ӧ
΢΢ƺģĲݵ׵УУҲ΢΢ļ
⣬ս֮ǰѪļ
⵭ǣĸӦƺЩʵʻһ㣬ף⾳磬ƺھţȻûн㣬ǣĳͨʹԼѾֻſ˵ż
ţȫ״̬֮£Ƕ۷֣Ҳȫһս
ء
һֻ͵ƽһ׹¶ţǰѾţһ̣ߣֻҲ˺ȡ
һˣǣţһ
ݡ
ݡ
Ȼ䣬ĵӰһɭɭ¹˸źɭķ⣬ĵӰγĸλʱǰȫ
ǵĹҲвԣ
һ̣е뷨
һƶȻͷųȻ̱һˣһ絽ˣֵƣҲȻڣף㡣
ΣգԸ֪
һ̣ƶȻǣʱֻǵ˺ҧʱһͣ׳һٻУ壬羪衣
һţֻһҺʱѪڿеʱȻڵأͷȴֻʣһߵĹʬϣ¶ƽɭȻ׹ǣѪ
սȻ
ײûֻȻ׺ݵתźȥ
ء
һƽ֮ȻһֻڰСĶǣߵֻеһֻߣͷ˹ֻǣȻ˼ֻǵͷȴǹ䵽һߡ
һֻǴվƬ̣Ȼ˫ĿЩѪȻ䣬ֻ̧ͷһָӵĿ⣬һۣȻĲ£ǸХ
ء
һ㣬һ֮£ʱռ䶼м̣ԭŵĽ⣬˺ü֡
Х֮£ɭ⣬ǵƽ֮˷
һ̣ɭ¹ɨ£ƺİСϣһֻ̣ǣȴǿʼȻ˫ϥͷǹء
һ̣ϣǳ˵ɫĹâڣ˵֮˸
΢΢һ𣬻عͷ˫ĿĶֻǡ
ХǣѪһϵƷ֣˵֮Уɥʧǰ̼֮ܵܶ±죬ۼ֮ȫΪƷҩģֽܴǣǿͨǿ֮
˲䣬ǰǵһУЩϣڴСĶĹž֪֮ˣ֮١
ײΪҰ޵İжȷХ֮׵һ뷨ǽĨɱȡȫҩţʳ֮Լǿ
ȺԶԶȴǲ⣬˿޴ĳһЦһǿ˲Хɱȥ
ݡ
һ˽һĸо׿ؽģٶȼ졣
ɫ¹⣬Ȼ˹ɲǼ䣬µǣʱһӰצ࣬ݺݵץ˹
һٿƫתǼ٣һҧݺһԼ塣
ۡۡ
ͬ͸׵ĲֱูĶǵĺ
һһɾʹϮһҧüͷһšݺݳһ׶ʱǺˮ˽ȥ
ѾȺȺǷ


032 ׿
ݺݵһסڽˮ֮󣬴Ⱥ׷֮ʱѾһҧסѾɫǵı͸ľ
Ѫʱ׵ĿУ֮Ѫڴ״̬֮µ׶ԣڻĮ֮еĸȪ
Ȼζ̱ǣȻмȺǣ˿ѾӽѱԵȴǸպΪ䡣
һˮп񱼣һߺݺݵХǵѪȺˮ֮ױٴȻХǵʱһס
ϵ³ţˮеѹ𽥼Ӵ֮ʣҲϢ֮ˣ뾭֮еĿ֣˲ֱƣ˫ۣ΢ֿۿ֮нˮγһ򵥵֡
˫ۣȻܿȥȴǰʯڹ֣ʱ׼̳Ŵ˴ȥ
ҹĺˮڲ߸ʯ֮ϣѾɫ̦޺ԱߵĹ֮УһƬ޷ʶ
ʯǶͶбģ۵Ĳֿ֣ܵסǾ޴ˮĸˡ
סһҲϣʱ͵һһ͵ĽǶʯ֮ϡ
֮˿
Ÿͱʯڵֵ֧ƽ⣬ʯ֮£ױ㵱ʼ
ˮд˽ʱ״˿̼ѾҪˣϵһЩȳѾˮϴɾΪ˼СҲѾȫһ·ʳ״ˡ
˿̣ˮű裬׵ˮȴԵмů֮ˣ꣬ůˮ֮⣬ֻʣ±ʯͷ壬ˮµǹεļѹ֮ģʹ׸оܡ
ɫѾЩϣһ̣֮ǰĲϢѾȫĴһ̣ױֻŬľʼ붨
ٶѾһֲֿĳ̶ȣҲǼĲţڼţһһסôԼںױƶһŹôٱٱƳһ
˼֮У붨ѾȫһȴǱ˹ȥ
ֺȻȫһ飬֮ͬƬ̸оһ㣬о֮ȴһƽ͵״̬̬ȴҲƽ
һ̣׸оһڸ˹ȥ
ͬģεļ޺һαһڲе󣬺֮ǰµĲŵѪʼںܻΪɢ֫ٺ֮Уʱȫһӿһˬ
ǣ£ȴ֪е޸Чȴǲ֮
˿ʯϵǣ˼˶ȴҲڴ˿ðپ˶ֻÿʼ޸ľ
ХǵѪΪ̲ټһڱƳ˾޸Ҫɲ١
ѪЧҲǺǿֻ΢ЩѣһܷӵãҲ޵ĺܡ
ֻǣЩ˵ѾĪĶˡ
׳֮εĿʼ׽ˣȻʼЩеĿʼ޸һ;š;ҫ̫顢塢Ρ涽ҫһľѨλʼ޸֮ǰԺԲзڵһͨ˲󣬵֮УҲεչһ쾭硣
˽ĸʱһ޸֮׿˿ʯϵǣȻȻˮ
ڵĽⶸȻ䱬һ׵֣Ѿ̽
ˮУ׵ٶҲ˵ķɿ죬ݡǵţѾƿ棬¶мɫġ
ȭͷСģŵɫ滹еε֮ת
ĶʱһץС
ס˺аһӴʱ󶯣οʱ֮±ѹȶƬ̣ȭͷСģѾţƹС
ĳƬ̣㵱źˮһڽ£Ȼ󣬱Ǿʯסˮĸʼٴ
һεȴΪ޸ڶľ硣
ڶ죬Ȼȫ߹ͨϸ˵ȴǻԵȫ˺ѣȻҪһ޸
еḶ́ʹѵġ
ĵĵ֮׿ʼ޸ļѹ̡
һϯǱǵ֮ΪԼУһߣϸĿ뵶һű˺ѵľ硣
ڶ죬;̴̴СͥȰ˴ѨһΣһ֮ڣȫ޸֪̤㽭֣Ҳ޷Լ⣬֣óʹóҲһ


033 й
״ʱ䳤ˣ׵Ƥ㱻͸мַͣһɹɵ쳣Ĳ԰ס
ˮ֮⣬ֻţڼ֮Уȴ׹¶
棬ȫıΧ
˿̣֮УɢŰɫɫѸٵγݣϵź淭ţӿʼżֵݣݿʼܼϵĲַλǺˮʼ˷һ㡣
ȫˣľ޸һʱ֮ǰ徭޸á
죬ױ̵Ļ֮ĥԼڣ޸ʱ򣬻ǿչԭĵ̲֮£ֻҪһʱѾ㹻ףȴʱ䡣
Ȼʱ䣬׵ʵȴ̫࣬ǿľ֮Уһ֮Ϣʹ˼ǿҵš
ʵѾﵽ˶ֵ۷壬ϱһʹ֪䲻֮£ڶ۷֣ɱ
ԽרԽΪΪ齣ǣҪģǶڽһƿأ
Ϊ㣬˿̣Ȼֻﵽ˽һؽĵڶ㣬ǶڽãȴԶǶһ֣ȡ
ȫˬ֮ѹ֮֡УҲʱɢ˿̣׵̬ڻָ˹
ƺ˼˼ֿӦľһУ׿õ
ˬ̲סģٴεվˮչһ壬Ȼˮб㴫һžĳһ죬ȫĹȻͻȴչ˼Ӵı
һε֮ͬǰ̵Բ嶼ݵʮȫǵε׸⣬Ѿȫʧ˼⣬±Ѿֻʣ¹ͷˡ
ǣⷬȴǸоԼջĶ֮࣬˽ʮףϵҲ˲٣üĿǳԼģҲһɸֵζ
̴ѨѨ֮׵ľҲѾ֮ܳΪˣһ̴Ѩ翪׵ĶԴԼкݵֶΣҪȫѨλҲѾ¡
ٶȷ棬Ȼ˽ٶȣֻûڶؽĵĳ̶ȣ޷ļ٣ˣٶȷ棬Щ³ˡ
ֻǣԭⷽССźڣȴǺŵЦˡ
Ц⣬۵ϣǱĲɣƺһ̵ȥ
Ӱû뵽⾹һרŵװ֮ĲܽĹȷʵ
ţϸºͶŵЦݣЦݣʹЩ谵ĺףʧɫ
֮ǰײִһĿʮУⲢӺµĲȫȻڽȻ£ȴǲδ롣
ǵܽĲֲҲֻǸоⲽӦò£̬ãҲûдĲһ˼⹦ºǿ
õ޺ʦ۷ᣬ֪ѾǷƷˣڸһȴдϲ
ųõ̬׵Ӱ
Ӱֻ㣬ÿһ㣬ֲֲ֮ϣѭȥһֵĿԣȫɼԣһ֮£ӰǼõ
һ㣬ֻӰ١Ӱ򡢻ӰԾֲ
ڶ㣬ֲӰ١Ӱ򡢲ӰԾֲ
㣬Ӱ١ӰӰԾֲ
Ӱֻ۵֮Ӱ˲עƬ̱ɢӰȴܳһʱ䣬мƣȻۣͬӰȴҪۣһʱڣ۶ɢܹͳһĳ
ӰںǳغװԵȰ˵ʮ˵ãǡɣǰ׶Що׸ΪѰԼķĶ˴ĹżӰֻһڽָһȣʱá
ԽĽǶȿؽͬĽǶȼԦһޣټ׶װԵľ£ʱױɹĽӰĵһ˴󲿷֡
ǰ㣬֮ϣ㣬۵ĻӰȴǸ޷ܾ޴Ծ֮ÿо޴ٶŲԾʱɢ
һ̣ױҲѾȻǣ֪ʵŻ̵ľ档
˿̬ܺã޷֮󣬱Ҳǿ󣬴˷ʵѾ۷壬ӰΪֶΣʱмš
һһֳʯͷϵǺ׶ʱˮĸ±ӿӿȪѨ˱ͬҵļһ㣬ӺķֱϺʮס
ડડ
˿̣Ⱥǲ֪ʱѾȥԶٵ˼񱼣ǲ·źСˣһ˺ɫ㷢ӭ裬ɫСаɫɫСѥݺݼһˣɫޣνãϺˮϹ䣬Ŵĸǰˡ
춯Щ󣬺ŮӺŮܾͬʱ̧ͷ
жʱ쳹ɭ֣Ǽɳ졣
һŵĳǶ˲ã˫סΪԽ֮ıֻٴˮС


034 ȺΧ
ˣθˡб뵽Ȼô⣬ǺȻһİŮӿˣмֲڵġ
һµˮУİһ٣ײмǱ
ѾƯʬ壬׵һ֮£Ƥʱж¼֣ĽһһԳնëһ֮£۳룬͸Ƥëٵķ
Ƭ̣ױһҰװ
˵һʵҲǸ©ڿѣ㣬ѾǰǱˡ
òǱױٴγΣֻ׸ߡ

һУһݣֵͷ䣬ȴǽ߷ֱӲ
̤Ӱ֮䣬ױѾ̤ˮ޺۵˰ߡ
һһŮˣϴţǿһĿףڲţͷ亹ɭɭ
ŵĲᡣ
ŮˣǻûߣĵǣҲ࿴һۣǵɭСȥ
ǱƤˮн죬Ȼˮ¶Ⱥ䣬ҲЩͣƤɺѪⷭһ͹ĹͷҵͷΪݵ߸͹ȧǣ⣬ֻ˵ǻѵһֻ͹
ңȻˮСৡһ·˳Ȼ󣬡ৡ±˰ⲻǹʲô
ҪǣǱŵѪ⣬ʲô
һ˲䣬ŮӶʱ촽ţǱɫҲһĲ԰ס
޵Ľ֮£ټХ֮ѪƥҲ
˾ôţŮӸŵĻʧɫѣͬһţ˫Ŀ֮Ǿ֡
ۡ
Ȼ䣬ŮӾǴܾ˻Ǽ̺͵һŮӵ˳ȥ
ƶСѽŮӲһ£ʱŸһ£Ϊ˫ϥһ
ŮʵһŤת360СǱˤ˹ͬʱһ̽ŮӸ˹
תȦǿվֻǣһһ£ȴ˺ܶࡣ
һĻǡԶԶƼʱҲɸ̾ŮӣСһݰ
عͷ΢΢ҡͷǿų׼ĳǰţŮʲô޹أ֮Уɻ¡
ߣŮӺŮӴŴ翴ŮӦС㣬ŮӦѾߣСѾߵİΣȣ˵ŮӣǺо֮ˡ
֮ˣǺԼʲôϸ𣬲ֻΪԼ书׷ɱԣ׵Ťͷߡ
Ȼıƺ˿һƺԷھ֮УҲԼıǽԼɶ˰ɡţȴҲɵȻЦˡ
һԼҴҴһҰ߾Ȼһʬ֮ˣԼĶҲҪͷ󾪰ɡ
һ룬׵ҲȻˡ
˿̣׶ĿãԶԶһУеĴС
СС㣬⣬ãÿɲѾƶڲţϻд˾֮ɫ
̣ƶ£ڹ컯֮£Ƕٱ£ҲҶԣôģǿ죬ؼұţȻƼ˴飬㲻֪Ůӵæ˵
С㣬㲻ϲƼҴ书ֺãǫ֪񡭡ƶƺڲ˿ĺһ£Ķ˵
ޣåӣγȥҡ͡һڵĳӶˣϤģƭˣռңң汰֮ߣǻȥҲҸֵҪ޳ܣﻹ˭ŮŭѾмֲ԰ףȴҲмѪɫζ
Ҹ֣ôҵģڶֵ˶ңοǶ۷أңңڶС㣬ڣôȥأŵƶ۾ԼС㡣
ߣңˣСӣҿ壬ңʵڲУСңȥǶߣ
С㣬˵ƶ¡ƶɲǼİˣĻŻŵġ
ʱԶȻĸOO@@
ѽʲôƶŵĸϽ㵽˺Ůӵ
ء
ء
Ȼ䣬ɭָȺΧ˹ͬУĸߴĿ¶׹⡭


035 Ⱥǰˣå1
С㡭ڶ˲Χ˹ƶʱŵɵˡ
С󣬶ûгŹºȻǣƶʱȫû⡣
к£ǶСİΣȴǿĸء
ţƶȴǼǿվ˳ĵԼСǰ
С㣬ǣΡƶмֱˣȻܴȺ֮оȳС㣬ѹ
ƶĪҪ£ܱȸƼ۸Ҫãֻź޷Ϣؼ壬һˣҲ㣬ҲûʲôźˡŮ侲΢Щ˵˵
С㣬ƶûãܱС㡭ƶ˵Ѿɡ
ɵѾͷܹ㣿Ⱥǣһֻ֣ҲǵΧֻܹ˵á
ҲˣһΪͣʵǽãͬͬͬһԺýðգ
Ůį˵Ȼ䣬ҪˣʱлȻεĸо
ƶжһͿ޵صءС㣬ƶĶˡ

ȺϮףڰΧ֮С
ʵϣҲû߳Զڳʱ򣬶ȺʧӰ׶мɻģ˿̣Ⱥ֣ȴˡ
ڶȺ˵ǲ壬Ǽٵģ˵ܿ־壬ȴֲȻ
˵˿׵̬ƽ򶨡
Ⱥǲϵĳױƽţ׼õͽõĿ֮֮£ױֻȺǵı£ϵ˻ȥ
Ȼˣ׵ƣȴû°֣˿̣ڶûʹǿֲơ
ˣƬ̣Ѿٴε˺ߣֻΣλãѾȺΧ㣬ҪٽУֻǱӳȥѡ

񣬶ˣƶԭ޿ģȻһȫѪҰͣͷͻһѪĿֲ˹ʱɫһεĲҰ֮һεһţǲŵ˹ȥ
ŮҲɫ԰ף촽Ŷ£۾ɵôģ˫۲˼ֵĶס
ð죬ƺŮ¸ƶĺ󱳵ƶ£˲Ƕ
ˡ𣿡ƶŵĽͷСĻţҿ
һˣˮ죬ȫ⣬Ѿü˵Ұˣڿ֮£ȫ֬ȫĵƤڹͷϣ˿̿һֱȫɺѪûƤǣ˲Ź֡
λŮӼʶ٣ƽŸǼ٣ΪľţǶ׼˿ֲġ
˻˻˻˻˻
Զƥıҵ˻΢΢ƣȻ󣬲ɱ˲ɣֻȺ֮еֻǣĸʬˡ
һ̣ѾŮӵ߲ʮ׵ĵط
ȺǣҲһΧγԲȦһ㣬СŷΧ
أǺӣǺˣΪȺǣ˵ͦѾмְȻظŮŬʹԼڲ
һ˱ȺǰΧŮƺ˲١
׻عͷֲŪһ³Ļҵס˴󲿷ĳ¶ȻͲҪ˵һ߿š
ǺŮ⻰һ֮£Ȼ֣ǰƺȻݵľģȴм֮⣬ԼƣƺҲֵָζֻǣһ͹߹ǺƽʵֻʣͻţŮӶʱҲһһģ֪ΪϾģֹĸоš
ƺ̬֣ŮӸϽתͷֻǣȴм
̲סתͷĵһۣ۽⣬ȴǼڵ˫ۣԼһŵɭ亮⡣
вһذ۵ĲӣȴٲҶһۡ
ƶ׵󣬺ȻȷⲻǶʱ˵ŭ⺺ӣװͰ͵ĸʲô֮Ƕ˹»Ұˣôͬͬͬףߣ
˵꣬ƶݺݵһۣȴǼһ壬ʱɫҲǴߺ죬㣬å
Ůˣһ߿ţҴүûʵס
׵˵ƶһۡ
ƶŭŭȴǺȻһʱһɾ⣬ԼС׺󱳿ȥ
׿ԽԽȺǣһֱȽ򶨣ֻǡڿ㡯Ĳ׼Щ˫ȵжһȺǾֻǾʮִ
ˣˡڿ㡯Ҳν£ڣױ侲ҲýƤڿѵ
ѵһս֮У·һ˺ƣҲǶ
˰ƣȺʱҲûбƽŮ˵ɴ۾ס
ȴδ΢ЦǸƶСѾͷ·һү


036 Ⱥǰˣå2
ƶü˫֮׹¶˫ֲͽӣ˵ʲôأιǣҲ㣡
ƶ˵ǷŭСǰһһġ
ԼĻ̫ڳ컯˵⻰ƶҲͨ죬һ㡣
Ҳһ㶣ŭСѾͷϡүģɱǣֻ;п¶ǹ˾֮ǵȺǱһļ
һŭ֮£ֻ˳ֻǻعͷһ룬òԼ֮ǰĻȷʵЩˣåɡ
ң壬Ҫ˼С·ҪҲʵǺһ㡣
˵Ȼһ룬еҲ˼֡
ԭƶ˿ȴǸŵĵߣͽӣѣҲһΣ㻹˵㵱ܶԸôǣߣ㣿
˵գƶ±ĵȫһۣҪͷûͷҪû⣬ⱾֻҲã˵Ĺûʣ㵱ǺȻˮѽߣ޳ܣ
Ҳû뵽⵨СµСѾͷô뺷һԴǣǲʲôСⱾ¶ֻҲãƤһĳ鴤Ǵ˿Ⱥǻ̲ס뽫СѾͷݺһ١
Ѿͷ˵ʲôҲ֪ߣ˵绰ִ򣡡Ů϶ʱҲǷۺһƬ״̬֮£ȺΧûһ˿ľ⡣
ǻȺǣǶôţĿ¶׹⣬ȴƺҲûж˼
С㣬۶Ҫ˲ˡߣ˵ʲôߣҪ˵Ļ˵һ⣬ʹأƶ˵
ѾͷԽԽˣǵģλӵǸŮӱϾʶƺѾ׵ĵȻ֮иоһ֡
ңһ֮ˣȺǣûвɫģ˴ͷβûбֳֵľ⣬⵨Ҳ˺塣
Ҫǣ֮ǰˮһɲǣǹȰӰʹúŮ϶ǰ֮ǵӣʵԲ
֣Щ񱣬ˮȻƤëҲǸ֣Ϊ档
ŮӼʶĶ࣬ҲΪϻۣѾƶ
С㣬㣬ƫģƶźС죬ϸߣǲԸĵιСҵǸ֮ǰðˣСҪ֪ô
ҲȻôǸںŮӣȴǶһֵĺøУλС㣬Ⱥδֻֻǣٴ´ȥɫڣֻǸ
֮ǰ˵ȴʵװ磬ʵڲʺϳ֣С¡
׵Į˵
ǰҲ˹ˣȻޱ䣬̬Ť£ŮˣսȺǣڳҲǲģŮӣ뽭ŮӲǣϱ֮Уװ֮ǰִ٣˼ųǰᡣ
£ȴ˼
ңǰŴŵҰ⣬ҲŪһ·˿Ҳһá
Ů϶ʱٴȾΣм⣬ȴȻǿ򶨵˵ţ·еģҲԸ㣬һ£ϣܰæ
һ£æҲһ㶣һʱ֮£
ʱ뵽֮ǰŮӺѾߵĶԻ̱Ҳ֪Ů˵ʲô˼ˡ
ţԣһ£Υ壬ҲǺðգº󣬻кܺõı꣬Ȼⱨ꣬СŮҲɵֻҪԸ⣬ֻҪ֣СŮӶӦŮ΢΢죬ҧ񱴰
С㣬㡪
ƶϣĪҪ廰
ǡ
ܾܾô֪ԼѾ仯Ҳ仯Ҫܽ׷ɱõİ취Īڽ֮Сֻǣ¸ôȥءң壬СǺȥ
óȻӦòʲôôҲмֲʣô˵Ǵ壬̵õģ˻ˮֻҲߵĲ㡣
ܾŮһ㶣ƺûԼĺôԷȻܾ
ҧһӣ۵촽Ůм־ȻĵӦĻҲزȥһȥҲֵң
ɣ˵飬ҿһеԸ׳
šðɣϣ⡣ŮӳƬ˵ԷеţŮ΢΢Щ򶨣һ̣ûԼȺ֮лȥ
Ȼˣ·ա׵Ȼ˵˵գĸĵϸ廨ƵĽ
㡭ˣåƶŭҪŭ⣬ȴǱŮ£ƶöԹ񡣡
С㣬Ǹ޳ܵ㻹Ҫ·С㣬㡪
Ѿͷ˭Ҫ·ˣûûҪж·춼ʲôأŮߵϼ˫գʱҲһ̻ȡ
̵ֻĴӱóһɫһװɫ㣬Ůոͨ졣
лȷ꣬Ů㡭ȥ
˵գŵһ·ȴ˲ĳ
ĶȴǶʱʹȺ辪ƺܵӴһ㣬ʱȫıò


037 
ӹײܵĵ£Լĸоε֮ʱҲЩ컣·ŮӴʣµİɣ
ۼȺƺ˲䷢׵ҲûʱŮӶļ䣬˫ĿɱľĶȺǡ
£֮ʣܳɹݣжңң޶꣬лмġ
䣡
ϿŵѾƤǺݺݵڵϣ׶ʱһץ·һѽݺݵţǰ
Ķʱƺ׵ļŭȺǣֻǡ䡱һȺܾȫ˼֡
⵱ڣһٵĴ·ס
ŮӺƶһ̣о͵ĹâмΣȴһǰһߡ
ⳤ㣬ڴʮַ㣬׵֣Ƭ̼䣬ѾȫŪá
ʵصĳУ΢΢͸㣬ʹ϶·ǺŮֻǵ洩
Ůӣֻ֪ңҵĴС㣬ֶ֪ŮӣģƯƽֻƤѵõʮϸ۰壬˫ǳһ貣м֣㣬Ҳʹ˲̫
СұĴ磬ɫСаʹ˼ֿɰ֮
Ůӣױ뵽ֻܽ£·󣬱ҲֻǴһ۶ѡ
Ůƺһۿ͸ˣʱ͸˵ƻм޵ݵ뷨
װϵĽмɻȺǾǻȴΪβϮԭмֵս֮ʱ㣬£·֮ױҲ˺ܶ࣬ˣҲˡ
Ƥӣڰνһ̣ӿȫĽѣ֮У¡
ƶСһڣҲߺһƬ
սûʼʱ䣬ëԵмҵͷȻͷ
㣬ǿ絶һȴ¶˳
׿˿ҰȺǣо׹¶ʱҲЩ䡣
ǣֻвƥˣ
ô࣬Ҫɱȥһ֣ѣ
ŽҲûɢκƣԼȺ˹ȥǣЩǼ˹ԭŵģǲֻվˡ
ɻ˻ȥЩֱ˹
֮ױҲĬˡ
֣Ⱥǲ֣ȺˣˣȺǽ
ô£
ײ˼Ůӣȴ˫Ŀ֮УҲɻ
˿ϵʬײ۾һ
ХǶ³ХѾĳ״̬£̼ܵ컯Ϊ£ԼģѪڶϲеǵ֮ѵ
һ룬жʱмּ
ǵƽУ׼̣ϢһݣʱȺģ˵Хǵƽ
ϡ
ŵ֮Խʽʱ쳹ҰţΪһã׶ʱȫĽ˼ޣԽһؽĵڶ㣬ʱȫȫӿǿ֮Ϣе֮Ϣʱγһʵʰƣ˷˹ȥ
ԽƵۣ£׿Ϊ֮ڱײ֮¶ɣѪȺͲпỷ֮͵ĺ֮⣬Ҳһ
һ̣ߵĺŮӺѾƶʱɫҰףͬʱһѪѹ֣һѪ
ۡ
ۡ
˴󺧣鶯˫ۣѾ˵Ŀ־һ̣ǰ֮ˣӰƺءɽһ㲻ӡ
ء
ʱɢȺǲŹͷأڣھԵ£Ⱥһ˻
һϲɫȴȻͺ⣬ȴǴһɺһӷŭ֮ٴƽС
ϡţֺݺһӣԶΡ
ءȺٴƽУʱ׷ײվ𣬾ǵԶݶȥٶȣҲǼ졣
һĻд󶨣ȴ𾪺Ͳ˼֮׵ģ£ԼΪµ
Ȼ⼫˵Ĳ˼飬ǣȻ֮Упǿʳǰɱȡλã⣬ǿΪ


038 ҳǣң
ͣ˻ȣĿȻ˸ŵľ⣬ȴ˼ϡ
һ˵⾳ϡ
˲ХǣȴԾԵʵƣõȺ֮׵λãһ̣׺Ȼƺһµĸо
оĿ죬ȥҲ죬Ⱥȥɭ֣˰
ᶶһ˿ʱ֮УһʱڿзȦȻʱݡһص˱Ľʡ
һ̣Ѿ֪Ⱥǣ֮ǰ֮ԲΪѾԼᵽϢ
ǿΪԾԵʵĻɱЩǵУֻ˲ĥӡ
뵽֮ǰ͸壬նɱḶ́Ҳһݣ˿̻ԼУҲм𺳡
ԺȻƺĪĶµĸо׶ʱƺЩյĳЩһ㣬һŵ⣬һֶĳİյĸоǡ
һЩӵĸоǣָͨо׾ãԼƵ£ȺƺһĲٿ
⣬ǺȻõͲһָоңС
΢΢˼ȴ뵽ܿѪ뵵ĶĸıĽҲпǣı졭
ȻҲֻ׵˼ѣ޷֤еŲٿصĸоȴôʵ
תͷĽ⣬ߵ˺ŮӺѾߣȻĿһۣĮ˵ĻЩ·
㣬ʲôףָѾƶʱŭ㵱׽СˣʱӲסмľ⣬ݺ˵
״˿̬Ѿָ˹С㣬ѾЩ䣬̸ѾߣǺŮܽϣֲˡ
׹һɱ¶ʱһ̽Ѿָƶ
룬
ȻתͷջسȻ
ƶݺݵһǾ⣬ŵĶʱѵĹ˳ȴǸϽĽԼС㻤
Ůӻ󣬶ʱϹϾĵλĪҪգƶѾ߱См׾ӣĵȴǼõģţСŮСŮΪ·ա
Ů˵ΪòҲǹ񵭣ݲȣмִҹʡ
׵˵ͷұܣһס֣ɼǺˣƺˡ
ţܴ磬СŮģСŮӸңһ֣ܴɳƺСŮּɡңһ˿ϲĹâܹ˵
ţҼˡ׳˵꣬ٲ˵
һ·֮ϣ׵Ҳƽ·ϱ¶ɽ֣Ҳల¡
ڼ䣬ױԽһĸȫĿ˳꣬Ȼ֮жȹʱ̣ҲܻŮˡ
ֻѾ޸ãʵʱѨȻпᣬȴҲڳ֮ڡ
ʹ֮ľյʹ࣬Ѿʹˡ
ȫĽǳ꣬׵ԣƺЩǿˣرҹ֮ʱ׷ԼĿ⣬ƺϬ˲١
ƶԱָһ֮󣬶ףǾ֮׵˫Ŀ
֮ңԼƶһǳ֮Ĺٵϡ
˹ٵϣˣױҲĽ֮У¶
ǰƬ̣ԶԶģɼǰʵĹӳǽˣɫľʯѻĳǽһֺʵصĸо
ҳǡ
׭֣͸ֽپʹÿֵף岻һ
޴ţſڵľ޴֮УźͻǺͨ
˿̣Ŵ󿪣ſɫ׹ٱš
ֳֺӧǹ˫ĿĿбӣ֮ˣƶҪһۡ
ܿ죬ˣѾſڡ
λس֮ˣԭƲף˿̺Ȼң𣬶ʱºӧǹͷ΢΢ĵһǹĶ
ң΢΢ͷʱϵĵţԽ˳š
֮ˣԵܼŮףģ˶С
ӵĽи˵Ҳյ
ҳǣ֣Ҳӡ
֮УĦģƶȴǼûٸ˿ͣ׵·ǲʱϼѡŪ£жʱ˼ֲڣֻΪ˶࣬˷Ҳǹ⣬ױҲֻ
ͷųһĽʱܱɶ˲٣ңĿһʱ첽ǰȥ
˽ʱͬһ޴լԺǰ
һм˹լԺɫĸ¥һ壬ʮ־й⣬֮ͥϣֻСң֣дͬˮĺң֮⣬ֻǣң֮ɽˮд֮Уȴһɹƺþ
̬ͣ˿ΪֻῴһۣѾȻڻٶ࿴
ſڵļҶһһСԵñȽɢǲʱ¶һɾ⣬ǡ⡰ң֮еİɱ⡣
С㣬ôľͻλǡүɣȻĿʶ׿СȥүſڵϼҶһۣ·СǰϵģʱȻһЦ˵
˵꣬Ҳң˵ʱ㳯Ժڱȥ


039 ݷ
Ϲ˵ʲôңϹܼǰĻʱҲһΡ
ĵĿһۣƺûңűϹϾĵܴ磬롣
΢΢ͷţңŴԺڲ˽ȥ
Ժ֮һۿȥԺԵʮֵĿ㣬̨ͤ¥鿸̨ɫ֮ŵĹ⣬ʹٽƻʱ̣ԺԳһɹɵ˵⡣
Ժڿ£ңû߶ԶʱһӺһλ˴һӢӻ֮ǰϹܼҴæӭ˳
ܿ죬һ˱ңһǰ
ԭ˱Ǻܻϲģ֮رһʱɫԵм
Ǻˣδأû˵ŻĿȴĶͿĿ⣬ͱ֮
дŭɫʱҲһ㶣漴΢΢ۣײ֮ͽİԽ֮ʱ˲ʵһݺݵĳǰͬĿ⡣
Ŀɭ䣬°һֻײж°һ㣬Ŷ¡
ǰӣһ಼˫Ŀܴ󣬻˫ü׳ܣںڵ˿ȴһγڵһ㡣
ڶܵĺɫмŤĲһڿ°¡
һϵˡ
ףҲһȣʱƱǣ׼ݺѹŵˣһ̣ȴǽƶȻȡʱѹһɨա
ңѹüͷһ¡
㣬ԴĸˣңʱҲǰԾĵǧˡ
ףң֪ʵɲ⣬Ҫǣƺһ˻ƿȺǣ
Ⱥǰ
뵽ٶ˫ײе˸ɫĹâǣңҰһ
ˣҲǸ֣㲻ǺʹڿЦɣ֮ˣǽʿƭ֮ģ֪ɲҪƭģεӰȻм˵ԾӸµĿһۣǲмĿ⣬ʵ¶
ȴߵ⺢ˣܹǿͣңңǲ۸˼⺢ӡùҪƼ£⺢ӼȻˣģǱ㵱ǸصĿˣúÿҲ˼
ȴ΢΢ˣ¡
⡪겻ʵĵ
¡ɫ΢΢
ǣˡǿݺݵĵһۣȴԼһ˿ϹܼңҲ֪µĵĬĬ˿
뿪󣬳УҲֻʣףңˡ
˵ң峤ңɽСᣬʵ֪ĸ壿֮ǰðСĪҪ֡
׵ȻһЦԭңɽǰǰãСʵһ㣬ʮ֮ǰһֱڼϰ䣬ʮ屻𣬽Ҳ켣ʮ֮Ϊ飬񡣡
ɫ΢΢мֲ죬Ŀ֮Уȴ˼ֹ
С壬ȫɵ⣬ʮ֮켣֮ȺΪ飬⣬ֵľǲп־ǿʵ
ԭˣ֮ǰСѵһǵĸоо֮ҲǷԼоû룬㡣
ţ棬飬ȴǲ֪ңʱңɽǰ˵
飬Ժ˵Сȥ᷿ϢţСѲ֪γƺңɽ
ǰƺСΪסɡ׵˵
ңɽһܽҲˡ
ףǺǣ֣ңɽ޵
һΣ˵飬Ҫܻܴ磬ΪŮ֮ǰѾŵңҲ򶨵˵
ҪصĶˣƼң㿴ĺ˰աңɽûбܻףֱʵ
ţǵģ֣ȻѾ֪ȴΪΡΪλҪǰƼңֲʮָӣⲻǽŮô
ȴҲ޷Ȼ֪ڳϵѹͼĽòȻҲȷµ٣ңҵͣƼ֮ˣҲҹȻ۸㣬ȥһĲǣȥҲܷġ
ˡġ˵գң˵ƼҵıԼ·ϵĲ־
ȻңĲǣû˵״ˮгȻ飬ֻ˵Լ˱ȺΧȴƤȺǻˣȻԼԸл󡭡
˵Ǻ⣬ңɽû˿Ļɡ
ȷʵǴһƤ֮ǰҳǣֻ˶䶯ˣǰ¹ڲҪʹԼŮܵۡ
һ˼ٺ֮ǰ˵ӡ֤ңɽʱȷǰˣһˣ
׺ݶȻż̵ˣ

һ֮󣬼ȻǰæӦıԣ׵ݣʱңԶףǰΪ˺ң֮£˳ӦƼҺңӵܵıԡ
֮£ȴҲֻ鹹ӦƼҵͱ֮٣ֻǹһͷѣףҲ֪ԼҪڽ׷ɱⲻҪʵʵȴ벻ʱޣ㣬ҪѰһطݷңңһݷĺõط


040 ɱ
ң֮аһң֮˵ҲһߵŬš
£ףȻĿǰѾﵽ˶۷ʵӰͽ⹥Ҳֻܳ䲻ɱһ֣Ҫڽ֮ȥûһֵʵмַյġ
رǣͬ˿Լʵȴ书ؼһ׷ɱֻǽ޷
Ҫǣ֪˿̵ңԵĳΪ˻Ľ㣬ԼãνҲ֮С
ԣлᣬ׾ԲŹһ˿ʱ
ҹޣˣ㿿ָȻָˣٶȡ
רע֮Уʮʱ䣬Ĺȥˡ
һ峿Ȼڿޣͻأǰ
˿Ѳģⳤڰң֮ױ㽫һ㿾˸ɫĹâ
ڼõʳ£𽥵ĳӯ㣬ɢƺø˼Ұ֮⣬ٴΰθףͷҲʵһһϺõͷ
˿̡һɫĳȴԳ˼֮
͡
ͷðɭȻһһ˿̣εľ޴ת磬ʹ׵ľ磬ѾȫıؿȫӦֱ
һĽŲᣬȴǺܼٵĳߴ
ˣ׶ʱѾ֪˱ңĸ磬ң롣
磬⣬ΣǷǵˣءңǹ˵ǰԼı磬ӿʼĲԼһдܺңмı磬־¡
ţܣ֮ˣˣ׵Ȼ˵漴չվ
ţ磬ɲôߣֵܣ֪¶ǳƣҵһʲôˣʮᣬеǱˣѳԼԶܣһΣǰˣңĿȻ˵
ңԵüǱģжʱҲ˼֣Ӧ˸۸ˣȻǶԷţңҲǲеġ
һۣң²мѪ׶ʱȫĿ϶ԼĲ²⡣
ֻǣڴӶ׵ȻȻǹøȥǱһȥ
ң뵱ϲ֮ϹϾǣ磬롣
׻˻䣬Ҳǰ档
Ժٴ¥̨ͤܿ죬ױңνĴ
ûе洫ķ
ãαԣƼңȻȫʤʱΪôʱϲԵãңû䣬ƼȴҼһˣǲ⣬Ƽǰңң۷硭ɳƶżаһ˿ζ
ƴүСŮҸʣߣ֮ǰҴ磬⻹ûأˣңңֻ¶Ƽҵ֮˰գ
ô˵أԴģһϵ
ĸĪҪãһʱ嶯ܡмɳ̬֮
װˣΪû֪ôߣˣѺͱиĸ֮ý֮ԣ񣬱ʵǱ߳ʮֹңңûǵƼʩĵزң˵֮䣬ᣬ֮еĺ壬ȴǽľ
ôӣǸ˵ʱмֺ壬ȴڼ˵ʱ򣬺Ȼƺĳ˵һۣ΢΢º󣬾û˵ʲô֮ǰŭƺ˲һ㡣
˾ɫһ䣬ƺŭȴ˲ְڳǸؿģ½͵ĳˣԼΪȴûĸ
ҵŮˣȴΪҪʲôߣңңӭթ֮α֮ˣգ׺Ȼ˽˵
̧һۣȻңɽϼ˾
ϼңףƼңϵѪ׹ϵ
ߣ£ÿУĳǿʮֹˣĳҲ˶ѣδɣԴ֮ŭЦ
ߺߣңǰɣãܺãΪΥԼ˸С棬ңңҿǲ뽫ңȥˣ
Ȼ䣬һһֱվ˳аЦ˵ֻĿͣϵʱһĨ涾ĳɱ⡣
ɭĿ⣬аЦеԶң񣬶һĺ
磬ˣֶκ֮ǰҷӦ죬Ǹһˣ磬ҽѵʱңȴǶʱ˫Ѫ죬ָ˱˽˵
׵˵ͷᲦң룬ңĿֱͬаųɱĿ⡣


041 ǿɽ
׶ǰӣȴûһľ⣬˿ݣңңı磬ֻҪңҲΣգͲ⡣
ңɽ֮ûж֣ǰݶѣңңҵײûмңҵĳǳ棬ǺԺĳϸ󣬴ʮľɭϵģԣ׾ãңңǱô򵥡
ԣݷңңʵİǳҪ鷳׾ãԼԿ
ҪǣңɽΪˣһֵýύĺˬˡ
ǰˣ۾а֮ȴǲ٣΢΢̹ͫȥۿԼżֵһ˿ɫϣ˵ˣЩȡ΢΢͹ȧԼļüë˵Щխر
⣬ӦһĳֶκΪĿľ֮ˡ
ˣһɫĳ΢΢ƫݣƫƫ͸ǿıƺ춯ᷢ籩Ĺһ㡣
״ֵʱ򣬺ȴҲڴס
з޻һֱڴĮԵһиͷħʵһֶ֣κּϾ綾֮ʹ˽³ߣʦ֣ܻĪ
£ҳǣȻ˲ʶ⡮ħǻЯĺɱȴʹûлĴڡ
޻кǳԾڱֳ侲ȫĲͬ
ûмһЩ侲׺ݵɱ֣Ǽ˵ʱľãǰͬһӣһҰ֮ײ֮⣬ײ֮⣬ʹһľ
˷޻㾳磬ԼѾףĸоȻǴˣֻǰ˷ᡭ
޻˼ּɵŵĻ֮УǺȻЩӦȻһЦǿԱұǿʮֹˣߣңңû˵˵Ĵڰգ
׵ȻңңԶԶĿ֮ģƼңû˵Ĵڣ㣬뿪ĺãĪҪ浽˱Եʱ򣬵ʱûлˣ
ôƼңͬĿ֮ģߣ磬ߣգ䶷ϼ޻޷ЩϢĳѹᣬ׼뿪
ĵܵƳˣȻ֪Ϊ⡮ħ˿̺ȻҪ뿪ǱǱ磬ʵϣֶ磬ܣ˿֮䶷һ죬ǲŻ֪ǶôĴ󣡡
˵ЩûʵĻһתߡ
ңɽʱȴվֶߣϷ㲻ˡ
ͷŭȴû˵ͷҲصˡ

պ䶷
ȻƼҺңҵıԣдѧΪĿĵıԣˣȻܶࡣ
ǹأ֮䣬ɸĵĹء
κ֮ѧдԣ壬ǰۿȻҳ֮ĳǳأ㲻֮ڡ
ңңƼңҲļ壬ң汲֮ϣһ˴ﵽ˼µѧ۷徳磬ͬʱĽħս죬ܣֻһѰ֮ʱħѾǣңҲӴʧûг䡣
˴ԣλң棬˼šǧ꣬ţŴ˴ߣȴЦһ㣬мһˡ
Ǽˣңңһֱû䣬Ѿ޶ֵĺ󱲣Ҳһ
һεıԣڼ壬ܸӵˣˣЩ֮Уˣк󱲣м峣겻¶ĳϡ

һαȶڵ糿ʱ򣬼ңҵĳϣϣͬˣˣȴǧƪһɵһࡢĪޱ顣
ˣǴֲ£оϵʿһ㣬˵ĸоǹŰ壬ϣǴǻǵ˫ĸܵǿ
Щ֮˵ı֪ÿһˣֻ¶Ųѧʦֵʵ
Ȼ˵⣬Ҳֻһִĸоѡ
λϣױĽ΢΢һһĨĹ⣬ŰҲȻڻ׷״ŵЦ⣬׵˵ͷ
ȻҲͷ
̧ͷ֮ʱѾָ
־͡Ϊ֮ǰһУĪλá
ʱңɽϼѾϣλǰλϣѾϣ񣬿䶷ˡ
˵˵ͷΪ׵ߺȻ峤λСֵܣȻңҵˣԺİΣҪġ
ңɽһɻ󣬿λ֮ʱλϣ׷׵ͷ
λһά׵İȫңɽĺݺݵһ£ƺʲôµͷλϷģȻңҵˣȻһˣ䶷ǡ
ˣܾòˣңң챻ˣΣϼһȥΪ׵ߵȻ˵
ȥңɽǺݺһȻ䣬˵Ȼվң˵һۣͻȻãˣӦҶˡ


042 Ц
ңϣͬңɽһ峤ңңãټףȫˡ
ϹܼԼһЩţһȺˣʱ䶷
䶷ҳǵ룬ʮӴ󣬶ƣҲǼ˵á
䶷һڳ֮ڡʿֵĵطĳǳأҴڣ㲻˽Գ֣䶷ҲܺõĽһ㡣
ȻʵǿҷУ˽Զ֣ҲǿеģʵǿߣûЩԼУܹ̫ڻҡ
䶷ȫĽⷽ鷳ҳ֮Уʲôԩԩ౨֮飬ÿձ䶷ݡ
һεļԣ䶷Ѿ֮иǽ䱸ɭϣеһЩʿҲ׷ǰۿ
ȻңҺƼҵıȶңһˣȴֻǣͷƣĳЩϲ֮ˣҲ׷ױ졣
һΣƼҳսˣվ̨µıԵȴϳս
ˣƼҴүүƳǣбү޻
޻ˣߣ˸үͷȴ֣ġ
һҲˣֻңʵ㱻ȡս
ϼ棬һףԭңԳû֮ƣ˵ңҵϣӦñȽǳ֮⣬˶κ˵ĺѣǰȻĮĵ˵ͷ㲻ǣԳ˲еĹ°̬ȡ
㣬һȺϱеĺ⡣
״ⳡѹѹȺҲûж롣
ͨԱϵ̬ȣ׾ãϣԼȷʵǲ
٣̬ϣȶĳϣ˺ܶࡣ
΢΢Щд룬һ߽ý䶷
ԼѮ̬ãֻľ񣬺ǽýĶǺεţ˻ôQ
λ峤ϣλ峤λǰսͬҶ֪ÿһεļ֮սΪѡθļ֮еĵӣһΣңңңȻҲ⣬սҶûܲμӣźֻ£Ҿһս֮£ҺʵΣбѾִ磬Ź̬ȣϣλܹоϣλȡ̡
һ˵꣬ʱܶ˲ɴк
΢΢ʾڣҳսǰ̨ǰս׼

һսңսսսʤǴֵʶܵĶ̬ȸжϣȻսĽҲռ˺ܴһֵıء
սһˣսˣҲһˣսһ
ֻ£ңңֻ˳ս٣һˣҪս
һսֻǵĿ£˵ң㲻Ƕ֣ա
ңһԭмְ׼̨ȥһսʱ׵Ļ֪Լ˵ԼУǱǾԵĲУ̨ȴǺȻ˵һս䡭
һ£ʱʹóбţڽˣҲ׷׺Ц
ЩˣЦңһһѾʼû֮Ļ
ңϺȻӿֲּ԰ףмǺ죬˺Ц֮Ǳ̨һεĺЦ
̨ңɽߣңɽһۣȻңĺܺãģˣҪҪǣһΣ˵ƲĿУ֪ʲôʵ
ңһ˿жһ˿ᶨ̻壡
˵գֳͶʮڴĿ⣬磬Σңңˡ
ģ³֣Ȼĳ䶷ȥ
˿̣Ȼһװɫĳƫݵ壬ԵмɫһУʹ׶ʱΪ˵Цϡ
ȥ˸ˣʮ꣬ңңһһ
ʲôʮ꣬ûղŴﾭǷﺰôʮ˾ˣԭǸзϣӡ
Ǻǣңңܳʲô˲ţΰ˳Ҫ¹ˡ

ʱܶĻۣ㴫׵Ķ䡣
һ̣׻ͬû˷һ㣬̨вɶʱ˼ֻҡ
ÿμˣԼмĲ
عͷƺԴЩη壬׼սԼġܡϡ
սĿͶȥǡܡ޻ȴĿһݣ磬㣬ϣȿ·˵
ңһ΢΢һЩɲʵ
޻ƺģԭ˵ʲôеĻ˻ȥ
תѾȻվһµĽ׵ӣݺ˿ڿʹԼ侲򶨵ס
ȻУȴйӲľ⣬оǣԵĲһˣһֻһֻ׶Ķǣ


043 䶷
Ŀ⵭ţһ죬Ȼ롣
򵥵һ֣ȴǰ˾Եսģԭſ¹֮ˣʱҲ׷
һЩ˵ı飬ƺȥμսǺѡһ㡣
ȻҲһЩǿˣĿȴǱЩ̨ϸ
ңжģƼҵĴϺͶϣ峤ãһˡ
˿̣ƼҴϺͶϵ䶷Զ̨£ŵ˫ۣʱһľķ⣬ȴǶ䶷ϵһУûйƼ峤ã˿ȴЩ
ȻһνңҵԶݣʵԼĺЩǡ
䶷ϣǳսҲǱģȻһ£ұϽãͥڵս£ǲɱֻ֣ǰˣøоŹɹɵġȴǾ˵ײ֮⡣
֮ǰö׼ԼĺԼħңº֣£ңû˳սȴô˳սһ㣬ʹЩǶԸңҵļƻȫԷϤһ㡣
ߣûţǱߣսһعĺ֮пʼˡ
սġˡ£սʽĿʼˡ
վ䶷ϣֻס˱Ľ
ʱ㿪ʼΪ㣬ٵתţһ̣ϡһһĨӰһкۣеĳѾʡ
һгʣϡ͡ѸݣʹЩЦģʱԾı졣
˿ֽһʵľ޵ܴ֣أĵŰɫĹâɭȻͷ
ڵϣصĸоԼ˿͹Ե˵һĹǿ񱩶ǿġ
ͬǶֻ֣Ƕ֡ףȴѾﵽ˶ֵ۷塣
ԭûκսʵľ޵֮УϢֱ֮֮УƺһУף첻κεΣ
һ̣¶ģ˵侲ͳţǵĶ
һ̣ȫϵӿţ׸оԼҪըһ㣬ƺ˲žԵ޼᲻ݵ
룡ҲŭһʱŬԼưθߵ۷״̬Ȼһƺһ幭𣬽¶Ȼڵһ㵯
ڡǽӴĵطǱȳһ˿ѡ
ݡ
һɫӰ˲ɱǰ
վ˫֮УԷӰ仯ȴʼյӲĿ
Ѹײڶ֮ƣݺݵٿ£׵Դһַ̣һͷɲǼȫסǴ󵶵ɱ

Ľ޵ݺݵڿĽϣһŴ۵Ļ𻨣һ̣˲жȻ˳һҽŶȻڶԷֵ֮ʱɲǼȽײٿշȣûݺݵһűۣݺݳĺ󾱲
ء
ݺݵһţֱһ룬׳ʱ󱳴ȥ
ַǺʵĵպ׼ȷĵס׵ĽƣȴǶʱβ¶˳
׼һ˵βȻֵһУ޿ɵһĵĲ㱻˵ϡ
ֻʵȷʵף˲͵һڵϣһշ¡
ʯĽ棬ʹˣǹЦ
ǺЩܻ˴Ц࣬ݺݵŵٴοٵĳ˹
򵥵һ̽Ѿ֪ʵˣֻһ޻ûг֣ʱֶ
ǱֶΣʵԴҲǺںϰصֶΣѾע⡣
ڽпĶ׵˫ۺ͸֪Դﵽһֲĳ̶ȡ
˼ȥӰãֱӵͬԼٶȡ
ӿȪѨȻˣͬеĳʱ˲һٵ
ԭڵĽµ棬ʱ䡱һըѿ
ݡ
ӰɫĲӰ˲ĺһ˲ɲǣױѾԱվʮҵľˡ
Ѫһεδ£һ̣ûǾѪܣȴǱƿˡ
ǰ̴ѨҪҲȫ֮·
һ̣ʶЩ룬Ҳ˼鶯һ̣ȻãôԶ
վƺһˣһֻǣǣצݺݵ˺Լĺ
ء
ʶģȻ䵹¡



044 ˭
ô˻һǹ˲䶷أȥгȻݺһס
Լ۰㵹£öʱ˫ĿѪ˿ܼɫͷ𣬴˿̣ǷѪǵµӰ֮Уҵ峤˲ļˡ
ޱȵĺԹⶸȻĳٶѾס
֮ƣЯһ̩ɽѹݺݵѹ˹
˲䣬׶ʱɫ䣬Ҳ˸һԵķ֮£׶ʱ˷ľݶ
ãһ۷壬һ׶ȻѾ˶ԷʵʹӰͽȴɲǣ׺Ȼ̨ܵ£һɸӿֲơ
ʱкȻȻ֮£ʱףӰؼʱ̣òҪʹãһ¶˵ƣֻԺڽض֮
һ룬Ҳǻ΢΢һƺԭԣһǵײбԣôһ㣬ھԵѹ£˼ֳ嶯
ѹ뷨սĳ嶯侲
Ȼһ۷֣ʧΪõս֣Ǵ˿̣ս֮ϣΧۣײòΪԼĸԶĽ·㡣
һ룬̬ƽ֮£ǲмޱȰȻ֮⣬µľ޵üͷûһ¡
Ŀ⣬򶨶վţȻĿǾ޵һֱǰţƼҵ峤ֻҪɵӣһضҪлգ
ң֮ǰױѾ϶ңҵĴϣѾ˳֮⣬һ£
ڶģһ̣Ļ£˲ʱ䣬ҲаգӰ
ԣ˿̣Ҫģǡ
ǵģֻҪԷĳ֣оԵɣңϳ֣Ĩɱ
Яűװƣݺݵüǰһ״Ȼֹû¡
ৡһ磬Ѿ׵ĳɢƮڸס˴󲿷֡
СӣҺһѾͻȪ֣ܲãܺã
ȻӢ۳갡ңңһĺˣ
֮Уĺ⣬ִѪԵĻóйۿڽʿһзڶƺºңߵĽˣܵĴ
һ̨̣µңҴϣȴǻվȻƼΥ涨̨Գ䶷ߣڳԣʵʧƼҷ緶
ںѧңҵСӣѾ飬ȴʧ֮£ʵЦ
ߣ֮ǰ㵨ٶɱ⣬䶷Ƽ֮أ㣬ȥգ
˵꣬һ͵ǰ㣬ʱֶȻǰһģʱռ侹ǡ˻˻һһɾ޴ľʱͬһӿʱγһת˲ߡ
ɫ䣬ʱ´һǧﶥһ׹ֺݺĳһƣʱҲһ쫷ӭݺݳײ˹ȥ
ңϴ쫷磬ʱȻХϣɾݺݵײһ
ǺȻֵľһ㣬Ȼ䣬䡱һҵĺը
ңĳǹ쫷磬ڱը֮ƲʱŲľನٴεг˹ȥݺݵײõϡ
ۡ
嶸Ȼһ׻һѪǱĵ˳ȥ
ըȻ䣬ȴûನǱըನתľһʱΧףˡ
Ȼ³һѪȴȻûܵˣɫмֲ԰ףȴǲ޴󰭡
лң飬ңңȻǵҵͷϴңʵܽˣ˵ȴҲԵЩ㣬ѪЩ
ңĮȻĵ˵ͷ
ۼֻ̬֮һȴĿףȻȲභ׶עִ磬ĪҪ
΢΢һݣȴǵӽǳϽ̻壬ֶ÷ִ磬ǳˡ
ңϵ˵ͷ㲻
ȳƺһӵܣңɽԼңоһĨĹâ
ʱս죬ǻ߶ʱһսȻһˣȴֻѪܱƣģȥѣ޴󰭡
㣬̧ȥ֮׵ʤ
֮󣬱˵ڶıԡ
ڶԭڷ޻ս޻ȴٴƸƶƳǡ
Ƴʵظխ֪֮ԼУ˼棬Ҳ˷޻Ľ̵öͰľɱսϵ̨δս죬ͬңһ㣬䡣
ֱ䣬ʱʹóٴαһĻ
ˮתû뵽һ䡭
ٺ٣֪ңһеģǹˣô꣬϶ǿ󡭡
ңңԻ
׷׵䶷ϣ˿һƬ

֮£ѹԼ˫񶾵Ĺâ޻ڳˡ
˲ǰĶ밵߲͡ϳ㡯޻ǿ˲١
ΣҪϼҵˣСӣʵǲ򵥣̫侲ˣгţ޻Ȼ䶷


045 ɱ1
䶷ԭ˵֣ȴ˲䣬
һ̣ٲѧ֮ˣ֪⣬һ춯صս
뷨ǱģֻͬȻƣǳŵĲ
̤Ųӣÿһ䶷ĳ̨΢΢Ĳһ£̨ˣƣʱҲɫ
Ƽ峤һĻȴϴһڱĺ֮⡣
ңȻŻǵ˫ۣĿһУûбֳʲô״ĴϣȻ΢΢ЩȣȴҲȽ򶨡
ңɽɫ΢΢ЩأĿһ˿ĵǣңСȴǽѾƶ֣Ķʼð亹
СѾƶһ̣ҲǸ֮Ȼ֪˲ĺңйϵǿϵ̬ȣ˼縺ļɾ͵ȣƶҲһľģֻǣĵĲǰ˵ԼСĻ⣬һʧܣԼС㣬Ҫ޵Ƽȥˡ

Сӣǿ޻ݵ˵˫ĿһɹɭĹâһ׺֮⣬׵˫ۣƺƾ񣬽׵ѹ
Ȼ壬Ȼ롣
룡
޻һȻϹŵĳڵţ䶷һĽĻǡ
ڡ
͵ļٵĦ˵޻һѾ˶ˡ
¼ٵ׳˹޻ֶȻδʵľ޵ȴǡݡһ˳
δ΢΢һƫѾХƬ̣һתǳַ˻
ݡ
ԭһ׵ĺ󱳱Ĵȴڷ󣬶ȻһΪ׵
ⶸȻ䣬ʹóΧڽʿǡһڲ˾˲ס˺
Ҳһ׼춯ʱǰȻĨɫ⣬ö綾İǺһ˲佫е·ȫķ
УҲʱһ쳣ζ
һԵıܣ͵Ĵݶڵ˳ȡĵϢȳסȻ˲䣬˽һأڶ㡣
ԭңҵĿޣʹ׵ʵָҲﵽ˼ѵĵز£ȫʩΪѾѹֵĽ⣬ͬһ㣬Ȼڱըӿ
䣡
һ𣬶ʱֻϵƺ˲ܵ˼㡣
¶ʱһ㣬ʱ͵һˡһХɲǼ佣⶯ݡһһѳʡ

ʯ֮䣬͵ķŷݺݵӭͷײһ£Ȼײ֮ݡһ˻ȥ
ĽƺͽУͻأǿ˽ؽʱʹйۿ֮˶ɶŵվڻ̲סġһ
һ̣ԭŵңϣҲȻһ˿ĹâʱҲ˲궯ɲǼ䣬ƽϢңȻ΢΢Żǵ˫ֻۣǲ֦ͬһֱۣȴ΢΢ڲš
λңϣͬ΢΢ţȴͬųĬû˵ǿ׵ĹâȴôС
Զ׼ǣܼ
һӰһٳö͵ϮȻƲ˲ŷ޻ȥ
һ̣޻ɫ䣬Ȼһշ˲ܿĹһ̣ʱ˫ѾջصС
һ֮˫޻ٿţ˫ɣͬҰӶ˫ᣬٴ׽ɱ
һɣһʱת򣬷
޻ͷһͣ˲ʵʰĵݺݵ˹
һʱĳһɰ
һУǿеӲӲˡ
ݺݵײһ𣬡ءһС͵ľײһһ˿Ѫ
޻ȴǸоһǽϣƺԼĹȫԷӲĿʱиǴʧɫ
Ч߲ϳҲѾóκζ־£
뵽ƺûŲ߲ľ룬޻ʱȻֶ˼ţȻĿĺҲ
˫ݺݵţȫĶҲʲôʽ޻ȫӲӲķʽ׼߲߳Ȼж
Է޻ķҲһȻ֪Էʲô㣬ӲԷһʵԼŶ۷壬ӯȣĪӲӲƴȥֹ


046 ɱ2
΢΢ĬԿ籩ľ֮£Ҳֻһ˱ܣһĳ⡣
ľ޴󣬶֮ˣǽɣϾָȽϼѣƴıըʵǾʣ˿ĴһЩҳϡһЩе峤ȣȴǾҡͷ
Ƽ֮󱲣ʹƴ󱲣Ǻ¶Ѫ֮嶯ʵڲ͡һҡͷ̾Ϣ
ңСؽʵǾˣ츳֮ǿ˼ʵҲѾǲϧ˾߳һĶ֣ѹܲܣѵˡһŰٻĺ룬Ŀעűȶ˵
ңңһֱԣΣӣ˽ΪҪû֮ʱҪ˰ɡ
Сӣ򵥰ƣȴҲ侲֮
һЩ˽˽ϣսɡ
ٴεĵһ̲סһѪھǿĹ£Ľ⣬һֱ޷˳ʩչϾԷ߳һ磬ҲҪһĹ㷢ʵ׷ŭ֮
ʹӰмλᣬܽ˲ĨɱıֶΣ˿̱¶ԺĽ·ӵ쳣
Ŭڶ϶һԷƴףôҲͬף󣬶ûһԷɣ
˿̵ıѹȣʹӸǺ壬һԵӲ
˳һȻ䣬Ȳһ׶ʱһѣεĸо֣Ȼ䣬뵽֮ǰ㣬ʱѾף⣬ֻǶԷֶˣ
˲䣬˼ʱܵһ׵óһۣǾǣԷڱԼЩж
ȻˣкһЦȴǲЩ˫ȣʱһ£ӿȻңɫɲǼмࡢмֺ
óװװжײ֪ⶾʲô֢״ȴװ򵥵ж֢״ǱɫɫΪ˼Ķ֮⣬һжģ
²⣬Ҳ߲ϳж֢״޼һжȽɫɫȴҲ˵ж
޻һϲкӿȴûбֳʲô
ֻһ̣ݺٴɵ֮󣬷޻˴ɱ͵⣬׺ݺɱ
ȷʵ˼ֶǵԿʼӵʱХڵĵ֮ȴ˲תһȪһ㣬˲ıˡ
㼫٣˲ȫĽų˳ȥ״̬֮£ȻжǼᣬǵת£ûκ⡣
ǼȻԷ˿ƣ׵ĺλʹ˰ݡ
ƾͼƣڶԷΪܽԼɱɲǣõķĻᡣ
֪Լ˵ٶȣ˿ٵĽԼռĳ̶ȣڽ֮ɱˣӲҪڶ
װҪװӡ
ɡɫ࣬ţԳ֧壬Ϣţ˵
ɣʤΪΪܣˣΪĿĲֶΣҲǵһ뽭ˣ޻Цţɱһ̼˵ʵһ㣬ע˫ѸٵĻ£۵ĺ⡣
㣬ɣ޻ȣ͵һţ˶ʱ۵糸һ
˫ûκ赲ĵ׼ȴǷŭֵĳ

͵һ𣬾ֵ䡣
һ̣޻˫ֱͬɱ˫һ㣬׵Դȥ
ͬһ̣ڷ޻˿ܵʱǵĳȻˡһХȻ׵֡
ݡ
һ𣬶ʱһӰ˫նӰͷ­ʱ׵ĳݺݵǷ޻Դȥ
ۡ
˲䣬ż˾޴ֱӺݺݵĴӺ󾱲һбϴ̴˷޻ͷ­
ɫճĽҺͬɺŨѪһͬȪһ˳
޻˫֮е˷ܺ𾪵ת䣬ûнһķİĿĲĵޡ
ۡ
ݺݵĳѪ˰ɫĳһײܣĮȻŷ޻ȻԼǰ
ء
̨΢΢һ
һƬţһ̣ˣס˺


047 ʤߡ
֮ˣڵ⽣Ӱ棬ûмѪȵģҲûмģͬޱ飬ֳֳԾԵǿݺݴ͸˵ͷǣԴ̴ĺݾʹĺ
ǵģĺ⣡
ԭЩտʼڳЦ֮ʱ˿̾ǵ͵ʶԼ֮ǰ˵ĻڣΪϳͷҶԡ
Ⱥ֮кֱܾ޻ĵĺȻ£ֱһĴŵѪȴ˵ıУ𽥻ָ
ˣĿ⻹Ǻǿģ˵Ϊһ㣬ǼʶܹЩԶڽ۸ֵͣΪ
ҲˣһսӿʼĶԴ򣬵мĺƴٵ˶ˣթĻĺɱһвƬ̶ѡ
Ƭ̣ȴǽ޷ǣһѾԿ̵ǵС
һǺȻһǱѾҪڵϵһںȻ֮䣬Ȼ̴˶ֵͷ­
ͻأ桢˼
ۿһȶˣоǸпھ𺳵ͬʱȴǸӵĽˣһսʹǶãǽ̽Է壬ֻҪԷûôԼԶΣ֮УԶʱܱ˲ĨɱΣ֮У
նѲ죡
ɱ޻󣬾͵Ȼ˵һߣȻŵĳ̨ɫҲ𽥵Ļָ
ھ֮УȻӿһʱǻߣҲ˹漴λ̨µгһ˽Ƭ̺󣬻һԾ𣬷䶷
λϡλ峤λֺܣһεĽŴҶĺεʤߣȻֵңҡ
źǰεȫԣңԭûвμӣ֣ǾԵʵΪֵܵĿãϴҵһķӱֻǿ
ӣǴ˿̣಻òʵ˵ʵϣεҵλʵҲڷ蹫֮ϣ񣬷ҺҴϣڴˣӡڴӣҲΪԼֵܣ㣬ңңһΣʵ飬ϵһ֮ͷ
˵գʱҲЦݣʮ䣬һЦݣȴж֮
Цݣ׵ļӲ纮ж΢΢һů
˵ʱк
ʱȺ֮У߳ʮֿʵˣ˵ϵƤߣ̨Ͼ΢΢ȻЦ·ɽ⣨ǧãϲֵ֣ش˱̬ʾֱ֮ʡ
ʱȺ֮Уʱ˾Ƿү
ڴүҲˡ
죬ڼˣþöʵҰ
ʲôڻǲܹӣ˼ңңϴУء
һʱ䣬ִ˷
΢΢ͷٴĿ⵭֮λʢ֮ʿֻһʱңʹýƾͼַڶԷ֮½ɱˣʵ£ֻ¶ԷǿƬ̣±㶨ɡ
ߣ½ѷٵӦȫʴӣλ֮Īԣ¶ȻС
˵ʱɽǧãҲһ⣬Ҳ֪֮ǰǿ֮£ǰܹҲȻܣвɶʱ׸߿˼֣˵Ȼȴ֮бԼ̧߱ˣõ֮˵ĿޣȴǱһЩķӭ֮Ҫ̹ٱֹ
˶ʱҲ΢΢һЦٴιԱ⣬Ȼ˻ظԼ֮С
ڽʿǷ׷׹ƣƼȻɫ˷ŭȴҲţݺݵĳԼİơ
һΣ޻úƼλϾɫѿ֮ȴҲûжද
ʵĿ̨ϵıɶЩʵﵽһߵˣôῴǶ룿
䶷ϳ㶪ֶΣƼѾ޹⣬ҪȥڣֻǶԷңϣּԲ飬ԷҲĨɱԼأ
˵޻Ҳ๼
ԣ̬֮£õһˣǿ
˼˻⣬ʱ
һ̣Ҳ֪ýҪ飬Ҫʼˡ
ȿȣλͷһ仰ѾǸмˣ£ȻֻʵѾȷԣҪصǿһ¡
ףʲôսֻҪϷģһ֮мʵΪлﵽǴ˵֮е޳ʥ磬ն񣬵Ǻնøã꣬ЩϼһڴҲǸλڴ顣
֮սΪھԵ˲ţȻٸ֮㾡ǮΪ䴴õḻѧ伮ֻϧǧ࣬Ҳֻһλ֣
ȻˣʮǰλֿսƴԱˣֻڼ弸ȫԣֵã
ңңȻкܸл޳ʥ£ܹӣҲл롮ˡ
ǱαԵĽȻĳЩ岻Ϊλгϼٹ˽ҲԾǰսֻǣʱܹӴ̴ԴǺޣ
ţңҳǵĵλ⣬һΣΪӺ֮꣬ڣ´μ֮ǰңΪҳǵһңȢҳκŮ֮ȨκңΥ
ǿһ㣬սλȥս˸ʹֶΣĪ෭ˣ
˵գ͵һᣬľǺݺݵһ
ͷѧʦ۷徳ֻ֣һֻ̤쾳磡
кݺһ׶ʱףΪʲôҪңұˣһһֻȢȨˣǵòǻȢȨֻҪȶԷʵǿȶԷʵļ壬ܱ
идͬʱҲʱףΪʲô֮ǰңҪԼ뿪ˡ
ԼôǶ⣬һԼܽض׵ģǺݺһ
գпᣬֲ飬ʵΪʵһУ
жһУĸˣͬʱģҲӵļᶨˡ
ô䣬ΪԼðɣ


048 ң桤ħ죨1
˼ţѺõĿ֮Уȡߵݹһö˸ŵĳɫơ
Կһһֻ鶯ǳľ
沿֮һɲŭ֮ɷŷȴԵù°Ȼ񣬵ͬһ
м䣬һҹһӽǶ棬ӣ͸徧ӨһϵĴ͸׵ģҲһ侲
ӹƣ׵΢΢һɫҲ΢΢һⶫأ
бըĸ첲óصĶȻѾ֮ͨοⶫ֮䣬ȫʱһ¶ˬ֮⣬ƺ˲˲٣ɼⶫʵʮ˲ã
Ʒ棬Կһġ֡
ɫŵĹâ
֣ݵģ͹ģּپƺһģǼϳ˵ĵԿ̶ɡ
΢΢һۣʱбһʱӿƺ⵶ʮֳͻһ㡣
д󾪣⣬ȴǼǻ뵭Ц΢΢ͷƺĿ֮У͡
񣬱ʾл֮صңڵطʱӢۺܣǴĹ飬֮ǰȫγĶԱȡ
ƶСѾͷǺ޹˼ɵĵеС㣬ӮˣңҳΪһ
ţǰڣҲôһ죡ңҲǼĽţ鶯˫ۣװȻȴǺȻ䷺ʧ䡣
һɵԱӿ鶯˫֮Уڼ֮УȴǶεꡣ
ңϵȻңһۣȴҲԵмΡ
ȴǸڼ֮УȴǾ̨ףͶοĿ⡣
ȻĿ֮У˼ر׽رĸ顣
֣ѣңæµңɽļԵö˼ȴмֲɣıӰ׺ȻãѡңΪͻƵݷȷʵ
Եıܣƶ׵˫ۣ׵ģűȳ˸Ӿ׼жȻһ׵űˣȴǿԷֱ棬Ĵģġ
ңңǸŵùң
⣬ǳһֱܵĸоһԴײıԸо
ǣţܣҲ͸¶һ㣬ǣһ㣡
ƼңȻܣȴʬ֮Ȼǰףأ£ңǿǰߣʼҪ¸߰ͷ­
ңңκҵȻߣӦ˵ףֻ޴ģǱԣ飬ңϣֱң׸ж֮
֮ϵⱾܵĴСᣬʹңǼ˷ܣãζֵãʵֵã
ңҵĶС£ֻ֪Լʵ΢ǿгˣӴȻδҵһǣңңҲ޷
ڣȻˣǣңҲᶨŬľġ

صңңױѾʮܵŴһ̣ܵ˼Ŵ
֮ϣֱϯ֮ϣңϵλøףӣʹҲ΢΢Щܳ
ִˣͲѧţпĥ־֮ȻһĸдȴǸ޷ҡġ
ϯ䣬׵ȻλϵĹػֱȽͣУȴȻȻڶıѾ֪գǽѾΪҪıֶΣգκʱ׶ɾ衣
Ȼۣ۵ͬʱȴʹʶõ˼õĶǡǡָǿ֮㣬ȴҲܼٵٶȡ
ϣԭŮӲʺϳϯңȴȻˣˣƣ
ңò㲻ƯΪʾѣΪ˫Ŀ鶯мӢԳ˼ͻݵ塣
ֻһѧһĵ鵱ʵ飬ɱǬѩޣ˵ȻӦ֮󣬱Ҳԡ
ϯɢȥң΢΢мʧ䣬ȴδдϣֻ崿ĵɫµıӰԵм⡣
ɢȥϣȴ
ףҲ
ʵϣףѾ֪Ҫ˵
ϵĿ⣬ƵĶԼҲ΢΢ʱѾӦֻ֪ǣϣֽˣֻߡ
⣬ֻһ㣬ǣűĳӰҲʱ׼һ춯ǲͼĻ׾ţ˲նɱһˣȻѸ롣
ң棬ӡңϵȻ˵


049 ң桤ħ죨2
еɱ⣬ң֪ȴǲûн⡣
ΪĴˣһľûУôʵڲ
ʹóڷ֮з۷ңϾţԼƲûд
ʵϣһۼױĳңϣѾȷ˵ݣֻǣ֪ȴǲûнҴ
֪ԷѾ˾֮⣬ңϣ㽫ؼһ仰˵˳
ĿֱףǰϲֻǱĽȴ΢΢һ
һ㣬͹ˡ
˿Ӳң˫ۡ
仰һ˵е𾪣ԶԶֳĽҡ
ҵĽ⣬ʹñĳ΢Ĳһ£һ̣ױѾ֪ԼȻ򶨣Ȼ¶
롶ʮԽ룬ױԽǳԣڳԵͬʱȴԽܸܵǹӾͱ֮⣬һħɡʵںпѾ޳ʥľ챯˽֮£ʲô
ң棬ĺңйء
౯ﾭ꣬辶ˡ߼֮·򼫵֮ǳ̣֮ʷԼĪҪϰ
ԵõÿջʹޣԾѪ꣬ѪпѪ֮Ȳ㣡ֻǣ򣬵õΣ֮Ѳ٣ֻһ֮
֮мǣ
֮һڳãڿ⽭󱲽ǣǣ
ʮڹʮ֮򣡺ҵô˾ҪΪ䣬ĪΣ
ˣʡ
̡ʹޡпѲ١ֻһ
һԽͶ͵ˣʹޣʮ޷ͻѡɱں֮ֻǿʵ˾̾
УôһѪᡣ
֪ԼѾ¶ңϵʵҪԼڲ賬УױҲ̹Ȼ
ܵزضأ׶ʱѡĬϡ
ȻĬϣ׵ĿȻ˿壬Ķңϣֻˣвԡ
ң棬Ůˣһ̣ңϣʱϵûֿԡ
ŮˣѧšޱȣңҵĽңĿ򶨣ƻǵۣĿ£Ŀ⣬ᵽңҵĽʱȴǳ𾴺;η
ң棬죬ʲôϵǷޣ׳ʵһ̣ȴл⡣
޲ޣļɡ
˾ʹ֮ˣ֮ϣһ޵Ů޽ˣȴǽաħң棬ңˮˮշУ᳤磬Զʮ䣬ɾɸ֣޳ʥֻһ֮ңʣ˿ɱȡ
ħ죬һ󽣣ԣ֮꣬ȴһɱ¾֮Уһɱ֣𽭺
ǣλ֮ˣԼ˵һıȶ
һսһ죬ңˮ棬ˡ
ڶս죬ңˮ棬ٴˡ
սʮ룬ңˮ棬ˣħͻˡ
ܼ򵥵˵ȴʹóеһѹ֣ѹֵģͷЩغʹ
ǵģʹ֪ΪΣȻӿʹ
ΪͻƣɱһĶֵĻɱ¾δ̫ݣ
ʧֵĻΪǾԼµʧܣΪؽ֮ˣʧ֣ǲܵģ
ɱһˣΪʹеǣκ˽ᣬɱһ޷ͻʹˡ
ͬ޽˲ף죬ߵǵ·Ϊ֣ڱȶ֮У޷ǱŮӡ
Ϊɱ
пᣬʹ
ͬ޽׸ͬܣǰƺƮƮĳôһĻһ鶯ֿŮӣȻ䱻أȴŵȻ΢Цȥ
ΪѣΪİ˵ϣΪܵ޷İɱֵĶ򡭡
ⲻ֪΢Цȴˣһʹ֮г١
ˡʡ
ݽΪʢǲһĺ󱲣
һ̣׶ˣĶˡ
ңŮϰĽˮˮ޺ۣˮӰⶼṦȴʲộ
һ̣ѡţΪңϵļ仰Լĸ룬ǣңңңˮĳ󱲣ǾԲģ
һκİ顣΢̾ɱ⵭֣˵أһֱϵˣֵŵġ
ʱ˳޺;裬һƣ
Ǻ˵ģǿݣ˼ΰ飬ΰģҲȽңϻһתȴ
ǣȻûһ𣬵ʵϣһεıԣ棬ѾˣڶΣ״ָ˲٣ңн죬棬û
ԣʵϣڵʱ֮˶ܷŭǿˮ񵭵Цݣ΢΢֮£ȴǶ׹ˣ棬Ϊңҵڡ
ϣʶʹʹƫתģֻһˣҡ汲׼ˣݣҺȷ
һ˿⣬λһۣ΢΢ʾ⣬λ϶ʱ򣬿˴һۣ㵱˿ȥ
ȷʵ뿪׺ȻңǰˮҲڳɡ
ң΢΢Ĭ˵ͷҰ꣬ڳ
΢΢ͷ飬֪ãʵȻʲô˵ʲô˵£һ㲻Ǳǣȷʵҵĺˣֻǣ佭ѣֶΣһжѾԣЩ׾УȥˣԴҶá
ңźЦСӣ̫ˣϷûǰֻɶѣʮǰɸ֣ҶϷǿֻ̫࣬ϷЩ׷ɱҵòһʥ˶һܹ£ϷֻһѮĳ϶ѣǺǣоҲ˶ˡ


050 
΢΢һݣʱ뵽ȳһǧŰ겻ҲʵǷ˼
ֻǣȻôãȴͬȾ磬ʵڲһʮɸ֣㿴⾫ֻΪһǿȥˡ
ƺ˽׵뷨ң΢΢ͷ쾳磬ΣͻƵѶ󣬵Ϸֻһֲ˼ȴǱһλʵǿĸȣֻĳһҵ壬֮󣬻һӰһʧˡ
˿ΪȴǶȻɾ磬ֻǴӴ޳ǧŰ꣬οޣʵҲȻȻɾĸ֣
΢΢̾˿˫Գֻǵƣۣһ̣ңϣֻһɣĹ¹˶ѡ
侲˼Ƭ̣ȴǺȻֻǰ޷ƿأͲڣɣ
ңϵͷ飬Ѿκΰ취ˣʵϣĶɣɣԴȥֻǴȥȴǺ֮
Ϸ㽫ţҺˣ洫ңһ壬˵ٸҲνϷһҪȣĹûУЧȴǷ˼
΢΢ϣȴҲ㣬ģǰΣԼҲܣʱа취ٰһʱһУˡ
ңɫԳοܺϡ֣Ѿοˣ־㣬Ĭңҵĵλˡ
ֻǣҪס㣬ǷңκζǰҲǷңκζһңҼܵţҲ޹ء
һƤߣҴϣңңܱס㱣ססͱסԼ
׽ӹߣƮƮģȴǺܳ
кȻһ˿ʱмֲϣΪγ˴֮ԣ
ңЦȴмֱǿ֮Щ̤޳ʥģڵѾͬѰǽȻ򽣵Ѿﵽһַ˼ĲΣܽԤԤ֪ĳ̶ȡ
ԭΣ֮ǰɲ֪ģȴǰʱá
ҺܣǧŰ꣬ʹãֱӽ˼룬޵ļԼΣյĸ֪㣬ǧ꣬ջ΢С֮ǰƬ̶ѡ
̤ңңңңһɷ֮Ⲣ㱾ЯӦһˡ
ϣǴա
ţպǰˣŬգڣұΪһգȻܹ˿ѭġ
⣬ʹҲͻأĶȻı佣ƣȻǰɱʮͻأҲʮױ¶ȻʶýħĽˣѾʮϡ٣ǽն⽣ħ֮ȴǻʹΪ֮ģ
ɱˣƮкַܶ綾ȵٶȡڶȻɢԵȥԷƣȻôһ˲䣬ٶޣһٽĨɱ
֣ҪݣҪ׼Ҫһɱ֣ҪʹڶУ
Уĸ֣Ҫ̽ʵ䲻⹥䲻˲º֣ǿһɱɱɱӣ
գǿһɱֹȻãɱ̽Ḷֻ́ԼΪɱĹ̡
ֹУƺ֮ļУܽǧУģǣĴ򶷣

ܴڸľ飬࣬ҪǿҪֻ٣ģݣ㣬˿̣Լԣһ룬һ룬ŬȡĺôȻңҴ֮ʱװɱ١
㣬ңѣ㶨Ȼ
⣬ģݣ
׳Ĭʵϣһ˶ԴͬүүһˣܺݵĵĻôˣô
׺ǶԵ˶ԣҲǶԼԣĶˣȴݡ
Ȼǰļ䣬ǽ׶ͬѪŨˮݵĶԼɱô
ͷ΢Գãȴ˲óҶϬ
̧ͷ׵Ȼϣ֪ôôʮ꣬ͻƺܶླ磬ܡȻˣɱǱΪɱԼİŮˡ
Ųµģǿз£ֻԶʹ
⣬ǺǼͣ޴
ȷʵ׽ˣҲ˲Ȼӣݺͱؿڣ
׽ˣһһϬһǣһĸӦ׽ˣߵýߣ
ô䣬һֶԶܸı䣬ǱرĿģٺʵ˵ıܣҲӦġ
ⶫֻҪȥע⣬Ͷǣûκε𣡡
ңһ˿οȴмֲɣĵ֮ҲѾµˣ˵Ķ԰ɡ
ˣȥעıܣܽȻܴڵĶˣȴǷˡ
Ǿ仰ȻҪˣ֮ˣҲҪһ֣磬Ǻܲпģ
񣬺úţмйҲǲɶ֮ֻҪСģ֮ˣȫϲ⣬С˶ݺ
طҺڴ׵ȻЦȴ¶˿֮ɫ


051 ͻ
ң׷ԸѾ˲ô᷿֮ڸ󣬿ʼǱ
ԭױѾ֪޳ʥ֮󣬻۶ȴ˵֮еѧ磬㣬ʵʮ־ˣҲӳһ׼ңϣżһȴǧ꣡
£׵Ĵܴ
ƺԼ趨һյʱ֣յ㣬ԶԶĶյ㣬յ㣬ңԶɼ
Ȼˣףɵ׿еһеķӵ˼룬Ȼľ
ṩڲ֮ʹõ񣬱䲻˵ֵǣȴҲʮֹصģϾңҺңûĳٶȣɼһңݳ޵
ңֱأ˺ʵУһɹɵ͸ȫľ磬ʱھ磬ƺźܺõЧ
ʱ䣬ھԵİȫʱ䣬úãʵǿϧ֮
ʱ䣬ͬ޸ӦѾ㹻
ˣ׺ڽ֮ǰһεŬԼΪ
붨ǰ̴Ѩ
һ͸ȫ˿̣׵ϣҲ𽥵Ŀʼɢŵİ
ϵĽתرϢ
һš;ҫ̫顢塢Ρ涽ҫţһһתţһ̣ʶ£תż٣ĬĬ֮ͨУʹþٴε
ڶ̴̴СͥȸҪѨݺᱼڣͬת֮Уϵر
һΣҪģǾĽٴεչ֣ڵתٶȣøһȻܣͻƽ㣡
£ڶ㣬ѾԲ״̬㣬ƺԼԼͻƣȴûѡֱǿͻƣһζתٶȣһζȥͻƾ磡
׼ţˮɣˣ磬ȻԲ
Ųϵ;ĦٶӣʹĦ˵Ƶ㣬ҵ֮Уֿʼ֣ӿʼԼ֮󣬵ȫͬɻȼգǽǿЧҲѾȫԱˡ
֮һ𣬶ʱХɡ
˿̣ȫļͨһƬͬպɫǺЩϣϵĺˮͬһ㲻ϵĹ䣬壬Ҳͬһ̿¯һ㣬ϵɢž޴
䣬˷ˡ
Щж;Ħ֮⣬ģ֬ȼգ
ӿʼʣ֮ȫͬգٵ̣֮ͬһ·̼ȥ׵ȫļ⣬Ҳ𽥵Ŀʼ
һΣһμ޵սǣһμʹս
εʹ࣬ʮǿңϾͨڶʹԣʵ㲻ʲô
⣬һξļս
׺䤱ɫĳѾճ˱ϣ͸·ɫӿڶ
͡
ϼٴݶļ㣬ʹ׾ãƺ̣ھ֮дĶ̣˷Ǳ̣ÿһ̣˾֮УȻ󱻺ݺݵŴ
ƺԶûоͷ
ҧ΢΢ͷϵİɫٴξҵ׵΢΢ȴѾʼϰʹˡ
ʹ˼㣬֪һľּ֮һбԵ˲٣ֻǾľɡ
΢΢ıٵȻƽһ̣׵ģҲ𽥵Ŀ
һε˵֮֮ÿһʹַ֮ͺģôִһΣҲ⡣
ͬʱХǵѪĸͺͰԵƺҲÿһε֮У𽥵͸͹
ÿһμٵĴݶ磬ȼ壬Чм֡
ѪҺ֮еĵ֮ɫ㣬һֱ׵ѪҺ֮Уʱ˸һ£ҹ֮Уż˸ǳ͸©˵Ĺ졣
ڵƽĹ֮У׵ģҲ𽥵ĺƺøӵϵǣģ˲ܺʹͬȻ˲δ֪ӦӶ˲˱ܷӦʱ䡣
һҲѾ׵̤żˡ
̱ܷӦʱ䣬һ㣬ˣ
΢΢һɣʱϢٴν٣ȴǽɾһ֮׻Ҳһ
Ӵ̴Ѩ֮ʱֱͬһ㣬ǰ֮ϯ˴ı֮Ȼ˲Ÿɢưƴ֮
ԭĳ֮ȴǺȻĺȻһȻ׶Ȼǰ͵һƺĹߣȻ̫࣬Ұ֮УǷڿеķ΢Ҳʮɼˣ
м㣬ڹɣ


052 ؽ
㣬ͻ֮󣬼̿һС
ﵽһ־磬Ҳˡ
Ͼ˵٣֮·ʮ֮һ־磬ľ
˿̣ȫƤȻͨ죬Ǳ濾һ㣬Ѫ˿ͬʱıƤҲһ塢ٴ
ЩճѾȫʪ͸͸˵·ϣԵҲ˶֮
Ժ׿޳֮ңңȫѾһƤ˿ȵʵڹͰԵıƤһεĲظžٴε˻ơ

³һ徹ǻǶȳ֮ȴǶϲ˵֮Уʹ𽥵ų
͸·һƣȫ͸Ѫ˿ͻǵĵɫмճҺ֮УȻһЩϸСĺɫһɵȳ֮ķţζȴмԹά
΢΢üüһšʱԴԴͨȫȻٵתǳԴָֻԵ΢ٵתڣȻڲѹһٽë׾쿪ȻԼٵһķʽһЩë֮еʣȫȳ⡣
㣬ȸоȫѾȻȡȴȶ˺֮ܶȻȻмƣۣһ̾ĵ׵˷ܣȴʹȻȡ
ԣߣǵҲ˼˵ҪڶؾѨǵҪеԲʵſɣ£ȴȳɵڶؾ磬ȻٳɵأѶȻ󣬵ǶڽƿأȴǸӵľˡ
㣬׾ã˿̱ǳڿжʱͣ͡ٵȣпܡ
ڣлһǿҵִǾǣ˿ʵ״ﵽ˺־磿
ţ񣬼ǲӰҲ˲佫Ƿ޻նɱڽ£ҪʹκεķǳֶΣ
򿪷ţ˳᷿Ѿٴαãɫķ֮ϴ齱ߣİڷż׸ɾѣūͬʿһ㣬ػţǿĺֽŵĴ󵶣͹˵˵ľְء
߳˵ȺʹѾߴˮݺݵϴһʹϵƤʵȣ㶼ȫɾ
һɫ˿ֻ֮ȫӯ֮һ۴齱Ǳʱʹõ彣һ׼⽣Ŀؽˡ
˫һĽ⣬ٿһָǳʱ͵һ𣬡ϡһʱ˳ϡ
ȡȴһֱԽָоȥؽĸоǽԼЩضϵһ㡣
ǰĸоʹܵͬʱм˼
֮ûУûǵﵽ֮ۿʲô׾ľã⽣ͬһһ㣬һƺ⽣ڵ塣
еĽ˵ϡеĽȽϡ
֮ͬǰмŨȴϡϡĴﵽ޷ĵز
΢΢ҡͷŵĳȻɿȴɲǼ䶨˿УȻȻݡһݺݵĵ
ݡ
֮дһõƿǳҪ͸֮ϵʵʱ׺Ȼˡ
²ٺݾķһ㣬˺ȻѾڳĶ档
׼ԼĲɱ
׽ӿʹͣһ̣ȴƺ޷ͣȻʣԺٶɱ
һʵؽʧܣڽⱩǡ
ʱȻȫըӿ뾭֮ڣԸͨתۼĽ⣬ɲǼ䱬ǳȴ޷ܽĳǡءһը˿
ϽƬĴ׷ɢ䣬΢΢䡣
ǲеڶ˷
ȻʧܣоؽĽ׵ģȴǺݺݵĳ鴤һ¡
ⶫ㣬ֻҪȫԺֻǶԽؽɱǧ֮ɣ
ģǺݺݵһִףɲǼ뵽һʡɣ
ԣߣͨ磬ýż
֮Ǵӽ⡢⾳ʼԿؽΪʵʲ
εΪƷ̫ͣ޷ܣ˱ը
ҲˣڽҪ󣬱Ǽߡ
Ϊһ㣬ȴü
ķɽԼ꣬ɾͽĽ飬ԼȴԼΪֱӼԼΪΪĿģô⽣⣬ȴοԼ
һ̣׷֣Լƺһ⣡


053 
һ˼֪վЩӣԶԶ˼ĵز
ȻжЩӰ֪һԼȥ⣬֮Ӧûȷ
⣬οԼ
⣬Ǳ⣬Ǳġ
ʱףԼҪĶҪ͸ӵ̫ࡣ
£ڶ뿪ңҵӣײûмıԼȥ˼΢ʰһ£ȥݷһңλϣͬʱҲмң峤ңɽ
ȻںͻЦ֮жȹ֮УңɽԼңϵոʮңң룬ȴǶЩꡣ
úܿ죬תۼ䣬ڶѾ
һ磬ңϱԽ˹ٴεǿһЩע㡣
һ֮ǰӭӵ֮˵Ĵӵ֮£뿪ңҡ

ǰӭ֮ˣȴǧúͷɽˣԼһЩڼҶ
󣬱ڡһӻǮϸֽ֮ģֻ֣ȡָ֮֮֮ˣ֮⡣
ԼĪĸʱİ棬ͬ
ϸ˵һŵɵĴѧУ׵ĵһо
֮󣬿֮֮˶һ۷ʵ׵ģҲ΢΢һͻ
һ޴ޱȵׯ԰нúܱµɽ͡Ҳʮ֮ͭţ˳ѧ伮
۳ԴסУˮƽһϣ
Ůƺȫɡ
нڵʦҲе¸ضܾӵǰ
ļ壬֮ļ˵֣γ˼ĶԱȡ
ȭʯ̸Цɽʯϣŵ⣬һһŮһ£⣬С齣ϡ
ˣΨһͬص㣬䲻ʵס
ԭмֹ°ףЩ֮󣬶ʱܵͬʱȴǸӵ˽Щ˲ڽµͷ
ʱ׺ȻҲʮǰҴϵŮܿƺ
󣬻۵ģҳǵҸ֣
ԭΪһУӦǸȴǱȽƽõڵء
ǣĿͶעԶһĻʱ׷֣뷨ĺܿЦ
ԶһڽС
ʵ˵˵衣

ۡܿ͵³Ѫһֻźݺݵ̤ڵϣӲɳ̵һʹ
Ǹʹģġ
ʡŭֻı
⣬Ѿǵʮˡ
ʼ㽣ٵǶ裬һеһУһʵجΡ
ܿ˿̺ܺޣĺܺޣԼŬһ㣬Լٸһ㣬Լļ壬ǿһ㣬ᷢǰ顭
һ¡ĿаӺݺݵٴһܿϣꡱһͷѵ쳹ķ
棬̸Ц̸ЦģҲɵ⡣
ΧһУǺǳһ
ˣߣӣһһΣ˶ã⹶ӲдС壬Ҳ׼ɣ
ǼамֲȴĴݵΧĿռ䡣
㣬Ҳʹȷª˺۵ŮӣƯ֮ܿ
׼֮Уܿ˿̿࣬Լ󲻾ãڱ֮жõĳɼ˱ѡν
ʱܿ12ꡣ
˿̣ȷǰŮӱܿʱ̲סٴεĴһĵط
ǧøߣƺüͷ΢壬͵֣ĪҪȣ󣬱һСĽνɱֻҪº֮࣬ѾɲԼˡ
Ůϼ֮ŮܿһСĺ󱲣һ֧ɲôĪҪΪھȣЩӣϰˡ
׵ͷǷѪܿ࿴һۣĿ㵭Į˻ȴǶ˼ɱ⡣


054 Σէ
ĮȻĴܿǰ߹û˿ü
ʵ˼̤ڽϣʵżʣûʲôֵͬģҲûʲôֵġ
ʵϣᵽңױֵмĮȻ
ǧúͷɽǰֺŵ᷿ʱǸܿаӣȴͬĿĿһۣǳĺĿ⣬żֲп
Ŀ⣬һֻ˷蹷һ㡣
蹷Ȼ裬ȴϾûףʹȻһɲǣڻӵĿ֮У׵Ŀ⣬ͬ׹¶

ʱ䣬ֵ÷󣬴ϣǧúͷɽ뿪ױǰסĻ
ǰķ䴦ɽֱߵĸ¥֮ϣõŸ߹ֵ壬׵Ŀ⣬Ҳûʲô޵ġ
ķ䣬¥Ҳֻʮ䣬ĸ¥Ҳ˵ˣסֺŷ֮˲ࡣ
һ£ԼĪʮˣʮˣȴĸҡ
¥ϣÿһ䷿ȽϿԣҲȽϺãʳӣȣڷɡ
ţˣضĲʱἯϽ֮⣬ʱ䣬֧䣬ֺšֺźֺŵĸ¥ĿĶ٣ԹƣӦҡ
֣ȻȽӴ󣬵Ƕ׶ԣȴǲû̫󴥶
һи鴦ϺʱûгŵȤǼ
һΣȴҪǹڿؽ̶ȵ
һ׵Ľ֮ģѾܸо⣬֮ǰըĳĽ֮Ũֻ²ʮˣûиõĳ£׶жмֿء
ңף⽣Ȼ죬ȴǵʹùģһܲ
׵˼ⳤ֮ϣĿؽÿؽҪյġ
ʱ䣬ƽţ˳Էʱ֮⣬㲻ڸ¥֮
ڣÿһ֮˶ҪŽȥѧؼ׶ȥ
ݡ
һһɫȻԼ˾ҵٶȳ˳ȥȴ˲ͣ˿С
΢΢ôһ٣֮ƺȻܵ˼ײ֮͵һХǼٱ˻
΢΢һĻӰͬǺȻһ㡣
뽣ǰȽԵĸӦʱٴƫתγһԲֱһٳӰűϮɱ˹
һ̣ûٿƽ
ǣڷ䵽ǰʱȴǶȻ٣ȻԾ𣬻һâʱ϶£ʵĽʡ
ϡ
֮뽣ҵײʹûĽ
ɫĻǣĽǽ
һ̣ؽ̤˽ż
׵ģΪˣԵü˵ƽ򶨡
ǵģؽѾСɣζţͽϵѾһʵķԾʹʱ򣬼١ȣôӲͻأ
ؽɣӰһؾ磬Ҳͬɣһ̣׾ãԼʵӦһֺһֵ۷徳֮䣬ȫӰţʦ֣Ҳһս

ͬһ¥ֺͬŷ䡣
ϣǰס߲٣Щ֮Ҫָ㡣վڴǰ˵
Ŵ峤Ķӡ
磬Ŵϡ
ģǲ׻ȥѧ伮֮УϽЩ伮ǵΣʵ
ţѾȫĬѾ¼飬뿴˵գӹӰȡʮɲ塣
ţܺãӹʮ壬ĪҪΪܹѧ伮ǵ͵ȴεĶ˵ͨһۺϣֻͣд֮ڵѧؼٲãɱʿҲǲģ
ŶˣлϽ󡣡ʱҲȻȷʵܸ֮˲Ķǲ
κѧпȡ֮ǲϰһ۽ȴҲǿеģһĲ¼֮ģزȫҲʲô˲õĻܣҲ޷
˵ȴ᲻һߣûü
ϣ崫Ѷ֮ǰ뿪ȴΪʱղĪ·ϳʲô£õĵطϾܷԸֺõϼ֮顣
ţΣȷʵм£ңֻȥ졣˵գӻͳŻϣȴŴߡ
Ŵȫںãȷ⣬Žһȫ̳ɿеĻ񣬾ͬһˣһ䲢ꡣ
ϣǣɻ
˽ף֮٣ԭһ˼ȺżҴԣԹż֮һĶѧʵǿĿǰϢδȥֻףȴǺȻʧ
ף٣ҲǡŶˣңȻݣǽʮ꣬ͳѪ֮ȶȻǺֶΣŭ
ⲻǹؼҺˣЩ㲻֪صеĹ÷˳Ϊѧţⶫ찵ʮ죬ףпܱʹң³ĸֺף˽Ҳ棬뷽跨ȥӽ̽һ¡
⣬̫ܰɣ󾪣ȴǼӿ˺ܶ࣬ͬʱҲʱ̰֮⣬š㵡Ŀ⿴һۣȴŲ̵ɱ⡣


055 ̽
̫ܣߣʶȻǰǳνУȫĵطǡǡעĿĵطף귽꣬ѾټҾž֮뿪ˮȴʮ֮䣬һնɱֹܼ
ɼ֮ʱ䣬ٶ۷徳磡
֮Уȴûκ֪ϲүѧ̺ݷʵľ
һ㣬Կףط֮ھӢ֮Уǡǡǿܣ
粻м˵֮У΢ʣƺмֲ
ȷʵΪŵĹҫ˵ʹˣһЩ򵥵⣬侲˼Ȼı֣ʹ粻⡣
о֮еĲȴЦͷõĹգ£㿴ңһգȴҪ֪ΪΪǵĿĹĻ
ƣȴһģѵĵϽѵǣֻʵ̫𺳣һʱͿʳ˺⡣
ԣ֮۵ǲףӽڼԣܹûлģǣõǺãǣʹ֮ˣܺùϵǼ壬Ҳһ
˵ͷĿ¶ͣˣֺֻ᷿ͷȴ˾òҪ鷳©
ңҲȻܱ̽ԣ߳࣬кܴķֱ𣬵һͬ㣬Ǳ
ţ˰Ͷ֮⣬ǿؼڴµԡʶˣ׵׺ݣżм˿įһص㣬һʮϣѾʮͻ
䣬ԣõİ취Īڳ̽ƣķŭʹؼǷͬһ˫ۣ
ֻǣϣȴûܼױ˵⡭׼˵ȥʱɫжʱҲһŭ
ͷǱ鲼Ļ֮Ҳ֣ʱԼĺܴ
ô໭ÿһţǶϤĵĹ鶯šˡĮȻ׺ݵ񣡶ÿһ񣬶ôԶԣò棬עĿ
⣬ܻЩͼֻǻ֮ˣף˽ɣɻ
ţݷҵӦģˣӦÿ뵽׵˽⣬ԳԽκˣ˵ţȻ䣬ĿȴǴ˼Ц⣬ƺ뵽˺ܺõһ㡣
΢΢һ𣬶ʱ첻ٶԡ
ϵķԸ֮ϵĻ̿ȻһһԵ֮УϸķԱͬʱҲʹؼʶˣЩεԿԺ֮С
ϣҷģ£Ѿоųɰˡŵ
ã͵仰Ҿڴ˵Ⱥ죬ұؼȥΪ֮ǵòҪС
Ϸıǣǰȥס

Ŀȫؽ֮һֱµĸоܻļ䣬ǺȻ䣬˼Īϵǣһ㡣
ĸоʹ׸ӵȷ⽣˼£һǼ˲õĴڡ
ֻҪʸ־ĳŽоٵĲȥ쵱ġ֮ԽԽˡ
ԽԽһֶڽƿĵĸо
Ŀ֮һ֮£ڲŲȣܿĿ⣬ʦڼһ㡣
ؽʹ׾ãԼӦЩˣֶ⣬
͵ʱ䣬ֵˡ
ĸоʹ뵽ˣڴѧӡ
΢΢̾Ϣվߵֱ᷿Ҫš
ʱȻ䣬ӯĽŲܿĵſڣйɵĴ˵ˣʵ͡
ȷʵס¥֮УʵҲܺܵ͡
ͷɻȴǷһ˿˿õĸоڵԣƺһıȳĳǵıܣʹ׺Ȼȫë׶ȻҲһݡ
ˣĿģҾв֮ģ
е϶оͬʱȴǴ󷽵ĽŴ򿪡
ſڣվһλмϤӣ΢΢˼ʱ֣ˮɽׯ𣬴峿Ůӣǰһ£мơ
оƣ׿һۣ΢΢һͣ漴ǸһЦŴִ֣׼ʵ֮ңͬһ¥֮ڣȴ֮·æղݼݼð֮ĪҪ
Ŀ峺ɫƽͣһЦ׼ǰʳֲͣͬȥΣ
Цã⣬֣롣
롣׿׵˵ȴϢֹԷʩֶλж

ʧıӰüͷ΢壬ȴǺȻӸ¥£ѸٵĽһ¥
ֶϵȻ⴫룬ʹԭܱһĲ
ԭƴϴݹ١
ؿףҪȥ죬ܿ㽫ץʳǰݺһ٣ϷܱĻֱɱ⡣
ã£Сϲ뿴Ϸˡܱ𵱼Ц˵գʱ𳤵Ŷȥ
飬ΣӦÿ̽ˡĵһӰʧ¥֮ϣŷܱȥ
ȻͬܲΡ


056 轣ɱ
ͬһ𣬵ʳͣ˵Цţʳ֮˳
Ѿ֪ӦǵϽˮɽׯѰ֮ŮĴ磬Ļ죬ύԼжֻί߶թѣо裬ȴ̸ͬЦȥĮȻڡ
Ȼƽûκ⣬ĿҲŵ峺ײ֪ʲôطˣʲôֶΣֻѾ˾֮ģںȻݷԼ׻ɣѵѾˣ
뵽Ŀԣϸԣƺܸߡ
ţԷԲҸʲôȻˣҸᣬɱǡ
ܶӦ֮ߣȴЦ̣˵ķǳͶ
˸ճȴǺȻһӺݺݽŵŮڵϣȻݺݵĳһš
ܿˣմүҷ㣡ܱݺݵ˵˵գϱߵķܿһźݺܿؿڡ
ء
δ˿̣һţܿϼˣɫǲ԰֮
ؿڣ鴤ţʶЩɢܿڵϣһƬҡ
ǵĿˮѪ˿ѪˮѪһƬ𽥵ȾƬ档
ʳſڣ˼ƵˣҲ΢΢üȴҲû˵ʲô
׿һĻ˵֮ǰܿ۸ڣʳſڴˣԵùˡ
ֵʱ䣬˾ͣŪѪȣȷʵֺãӲɵӣֻǣ
˿أȴҲоΣһڿ
ĸоʹмַ겻ܿ׿Ĳأǿأ˿̣Ҳó֡
֮˻վߣע⣬ٲĵز㲻ҲԼ֮ԣӳԶ̡
Ȼɷϣ֮Уܿӡȷʵ
֣Ƿٷܱ׷ܿܿӣ㿪ʼܴѹֻӵı䱾ˡֺõ˵˵գĿȴȵĿ׵˫ۣƺҪ׵Ŀȫռһ
׵ȻһЦ££ֻɣңÿǿʳ֮£ʤ֮
˵գĿ΢΢¶֮⣬ȴҪΪ˸ĵɱͷŭ
Ҫ˵ûɱ⡢ûзŭǾǼٵģϾҲãȻԼκãǵУһ֮ͬˣҲϻοȷʵѪý㡣
ǣĿո¶һ꣬ʱȫë׺ȻͬʱͬʱĸǺݺݵһһ̣ھԼȻһֻǣסһ
ĿٴһͣһĨľϲ֮ɫȴ漴Цεܹŵѣۼ֣ܹ֮ܺ˵ȥԵƬ̡
˵գʱߵ˷ܱǰԶվº󣬸մ˵ʱǷܱȻݺݵĳĳŮˣɣ
˵գݺһٿȴܿͷ
һʵ̫ˣ޻֮ܿ˵
ܿܲʵıһγ֣ǿҵķŭƺһű˳һˣ书ȫ޷ӵԱϵֺһµ棬Ѹٵ˿
ꡪ
ѵһδŵĹͷܿɫȻһ԰ס
Ҷ㣿ˣܱŭһƺƴϵȻųݺ˹ȥ
ܱпЦţҪŮ롣
٣ס֣ʱŭȵ
ǣܱһ¡
Ǳ£һ̣ȷʵҲɱģ˵ȫΪܿΪһ̣ܿĵ
һ澳ʹѹ֮£Ȼ˼ᶨˣֵþģˣһ̨ǾߵúԶ
Ϊһ㣬ײŶɱģǣɱһûбֳȻٴεĸܵ˱һ˫ŵ˫۸סˣңεĶסˣ
¶ˡ΢΢һʱ뵽ܿܣԷǸԼжϣ
һ룬׸мȷͬģѾȷһѹֻǼϷ̽Լ޵Ĺ߶ѡ
ֻǣ飬ôôԼ˱ô
ܿһ̽Ŀ⵭Ȼɱ
ݺݵһȻܿͷһǺʵĳȻ䱻˳ȥȴȡ
ʱܿк֮ɫ͵һͻеĳݺݰγ͵ŷܱɱȥ
нؽȻʹܿеĳݺݵġƲһѡ
һ̣͵һ٣ǺȻ٣һٶĸ
ۡ
ѪˮĽܿһ㶣Ȼʧأд󾪣ȻɱˣǱɱˣ
գܿݺݽܣ㱻˷ŭݺһǰء


057 ҲҪأ
ۡ
͵һѪҲͬʱݺݳѪܿһ
ǿȴǺݺݵĽܿ˳ȥ
ءһƺ֮ܿݺݵڵϣڵ滬֮Զͣ£棬һĿĵѪ
Ŀ֮ޣ˿̵ܿ˰̣ѪȾ͸ͷɢʵһֲ
֮еԹޣľ
ݺݵĴ̴һɫҲŤһֱӵĽ嶼˶ԴӴþ֮ôû뵽һŮɥĲԼǳԼ֡
ѪֹǵѨѪȻͬϪһһʲôȫնϣۼԼǻˡ
һ̺ܺޣĺܺޣƺܹеĿ⣬ǷܱȻԴĿ⣬ģǲʡ
ڵϣѪˮȫѪȾ͸һ̣Ȼ俴˲ԶһϤӰ
ˣϣȻĺܺãΪűؼЩܿġ
һ̣ȻȻȻΪ⣬һԤıĴɱҪԼһԼʧȥüֵôϱҪԼĨɱһǺϣŮ˴ɱȻ˲֮ģ
һ̣Ϊǵķţ˵һխ¼̫֮أ˼ҲΪ
ߣҵòģˣõһţҲ޻ᵱ峤
һ̣гһɾݺݵͶܿɱȥ
ܿ޷ֵһ̣һµûС
Ǿڴ˿̣ܱһ֮£Ȼ򣬶ʱӰһһǷĳն䣬漴ܿƴ٣ܿҷܱϣôĥԼ֮£ߣֲ֡
˵գתҪȻǰȻһĨ⡪
ܿڵϵĳȻһȻ͵ļ٣ݡһʱһĨⶸȻ
ۡ

Ľһɼɱ⣬Ȼ٣һٴ͸˷ܱţ͸Ķ
ܱ𲻿˼顢š޷ţһлȻ䷢Լϡ
ԭΪɱԼĽȻתΪԷܵɱ⣬ŷ֣ΪǵΪܿӳ
һ̣ԸܵܿˣѾȴܷһ
ɻ󣬳ɻ󣬻Ĳʣ
еĲɻ;ҵĲһֱţֱʶ룬ֱ˼ģֱûһ˿֮
ѪͬĴӱֻ֮һΣԵøӵѪȺ͹졣
͸֮󣬺ȻڿСءһڿбը١
ƺиӦܿɫǲ԰ףȻһͦٴһѪȴҲܲסʱڵϣ˹ȥ
΢΢һȴЩɻΪλٵܿĽȴʹ˴ˣ
ٿܿģȻһݣʱ׵ܿѾڰɱˣ㣬ֻ϶ѣ
ôŮӣ
̾ȴǴż־ź͵ǵƣ֣㣬û°ɣ
һ̣䣡һܱ٣ʱȻأĿ
һ̣ȴǼޣ֪ԼҲ޷ʱȴ֮ɫˣԺ󡭡вš
˵Ȼ䣬㾡ȫǶȻһѶ룬ɫĶ룬ݡ֮΢΢һĳȻʡ

һϣǸʴһ˿˿ĺۼ
ĽǱʴⶾ֮
Ϣһٶݺݼٽһշߣֱͬһ㣬ݺݳ̴֮˴
ء
ۡ
׻һ˲ݺݵ߷˳ȥݺڵϡ
ǣػǻûһžǲվ
ⳡʳſڣȻĮģˣҵսʹúܶΧ۵ġ
һƴ֮һĨ޺Ȼ߾ȫȵ׾ףħĽϣǧȷƭ»ҰҰ
һδһĨκ⣬ȴ˲䴩üģԶһѸٶȥ


058 ӣ
ꡪͷѵ쳣ԡ
öӴ߰ףŵͷѵ
޴ĳʱˣ͵Ĵ˳ȥ
أ
ɳ׵ľ룬Ȼݺˤڵϣʱ
Ŀ֮ɫɣֻǶĳֵһ޴ѪΧ˶̲סһ
ʵǰٶȣǰľ޴ĳ̲סĲ⡣
ڣ̲ܶסͬһ⣬Ǳǣ֮£ֶΣԼùô
Ƿ񶨵ģ
ǣͬģΪʲô֮˲˵ꣿѵǴ֮еĽħ죬洫񹦽
뵽֮ǰܵĹϵ뵽ǰĲʣˣзħ죬˵֮е޳ʥļ֣ܾӢۣδйһܵĽħ죬˹
٣Ϣ΢΢˼ʱе̬ȣ
ԣ˿׵Ŀ⣬ʱÿ
һ̣кŭΪһ͸ض϶ʱȴû뵽Ӳһ֮ôݵһ֣ҲҪԼܣ
˾ԴȵɫʱҲ֮ǰûг֣Ǽ˵õİֶΣͬѻǹһ㣬ʵ˺ģ
Ȼ仯ʵڴϣһʱ䣬Щ岻׸ߣš
ϾȻѾ¶ʵͣ赣һЩϻǽ֮еʦֳ֣ǲ赣ǰ֣һֻ±Ҫ׷ɱˡ
ħͷʵ̫Щˣÿһʵ׵Ҽ壬һЩʷϵˣЩļԣٻ֪һġ
Ǻܶ˲֪˵죬ȴˡħ֣ɵӱҲ֪⹦˵ã
΢΢˼˲˾һȻγһÿ
һ˻ȣȴþ޴֮ƣȴȻʱƶȻס΢΢һ㶡
㣬һӿʱ͵һȣµĵ涸Ȼѿȴͬڵһ㣬˳ȥ˿ͬһ硣
ݡ
Ӱһ׶ʱһѳʵܿӰȻʹ
ӣ
˲뷨
ֻǣӰȻԼµٶȳף˲䣬ĵȴǷ׷ٶ֮죬ͬ˼
һ̣ȫëתٶһ˲θʮΪӦת˿̲ԵܣһתͨʵٶȣҲǶȻ
ٶᣬӰһȫٶ˼ޡ
һӰ˶ʱԾѸٵĽɽ֮С
񱼣˿һ̣ױܿȫתƬ̱֣˻Ժ֮ڡ
ԽȻ󼸺˽һһ㣬׵
ʱǰŴ󿪣һȺ˿񱼶Ϊ֮ˣǧúͷɽ⡣
֣°ɣٶȾ˲һ㣬Ӱ£ȻѾ׵һ㶣ӿǿ֮£ǳһҵɫ
͡
ǧõĺɫݺݵͷ£һ˲䣬ǽ⻯һ֮㣬˷˼
޴Ƶĳ;޴ĵʵһ㣬ݺݳײ׵ġ
־ͣΪжȻһɼ˿񱩶ײеĺ⣬ǣ˫ûпؽȴǺݺݵȥն¡
䣡
ͺɫ޵ݺݵĶһ
һǶʱѪǧãȴͬڵһ㣬ڿһѪһȺ֮УҵһȺˡ
׿һٴӰһٳףȻ˿зڵѪǼٵĿ


059 ·
ο񱼣һٱһǧ׵ľ롣
Ϊͱ徲ص㣬ɽ֮䣬ΧȻûʮΡɽɽͣȴǲɱ⡣
㣬׳֮󣬱ֱӿɽ֡
ֻɽֱӣŲڱ׷ϣܸõ䡣
ңɽ֮бӣһԷżȫܷӼʸĹ
ɨһ΢΢Щܿ׿ţ˿ҪҪٽŮ¡
֮ǰΪЩȺ˱żŽܿ𣬳䵱ģֻöѣȻЯŮӣٶȻ΢ôһ㣬һȺ˼ʸȺ䣬Ǳֻеķݡ
ɽ֣гҪҪŮ£Ҫˡ
ֻǣܿ˫Ȼ¶ŵľ޴׵ģҲһ뵽ŮӵͬĸоʱһݣȴǴ˽µĴ㡣
ϾǿǸý㣬˶ŲͬͬΪˣ㵱ԼûǴ˼˰ɣ
ţٶһֱûм˲䣬㽫ԶԶ˦
Խɽ֮ɽһƬƽأ߱һ޴ĺұߣꡣ
˿ܿһҧʱְǰ΢΢ȴǽ䱧䣬źˮ񱼶ȥ֮󣬶ʱһӰ֮С
£Ѿ＾ڣްܿˣĺˮһ̼ԴʱҲ˹ʱоԼһӽţһˮ֮ܣʱ󾪡
漴ƺԼ뵽֮ǰһϵ飬ԭҪĶȴǻֹͣ漴ٶ
һϢдÿһ쳣ʱؿھһɼȵȵֱӴ͸뾭磬ȻԵתܿһľʹ
ʹ࣬ͬݺݵĴɱһ㣬ôֻ꣬һһ޷
һ̣ܿǰ֮£ѾΪˣʱ˿ûнǰѹԼؿڵһ˫ȵͬһһƣҲû˿Ϊ
ף֣֮ǰµǻԼ䣬ܿˣΪ飬ҲĺǸӡ
Ǹˣӳ֮ûм죬֪ˣȻ̾Ϣȴûй⣬ϾʱҪʼ֮սˣҪŬ׼ȻûоԵѪȻͬƫϵΪϵŮž޴ѹΡ
£ˣȴǾԼ׷ɱʱƴԼһ̣ܿѾ絶ģȻЩڻˡ
ˣһ̣ĸܵͬͬλһ顣
ԭ飬ԼҲôĴֿɼܿв뵽

ﵽ㣬Ȼ֮ǰʮ־޴󣬵ˮףȻͦ˽ʱ˳ˮ£ˮԽԽļԽԽǿҲԽԽ͵ʱ׸оǰӦϿȻٲˡ
Ѿʮˮ֮ˮбŰ߳ȥ
Ȼǰǧ״һ޴һĴڣ㣬ˮγһ޴ٲ¡¡ͬϵĺըžס
׺ò׵Ĵˮ˳ߣЩĶǣзǰʯᾣӴ֮һٴȥǳֻҪײʯ֮ϣܻ˸ײ
ˮʱܿȴҲͦɪɪȴûкһţĿȴǸмס
Ŀһȴмĸоֵֹ˵
ܿѾ׵Ļˣվڰͻأͬһʯϣ˾ٲ
ǰڵϣǼƹٲҲʲô̾ǰٲѾٲˣ
ҪҸеĴݣֻ˵ǴȻķŭȻ
ֱǧߣ죡뵽仰
ǰٲϵ£нǧףһۿȥ˷ľ˺ˮټκζ
ˮ棬һ޼ʣȻȫˮ·ƺûˣ
ųҵĺӵǲãľɽһ̣׾Լ߶ˣ֪Լǵ
Ҫģȥ⡣
µľʯɫ״ͬޣͻأڰߣԵмˣ³ȴûн壬⵹漣
ʯͷȴû˷ǣѾµˮԲޱȣһģˡ
΢΢³һʱûܿ׵ʯϴ
ܿƺ򣬶ʱҲھʯѰһҲŬ
˿̣ɫѾϼȥɽҲԳ˼֮䣬ıǻײеƽк˻


060 Բҹԣ1
ǧúͷɽһȺ׷ɽ֮󣬱ѾκεӰ̤ĺۼû¡
һʱ䣬ɽµƽԭԶĹͱԵ꣬˶ʱһĬ
Ѫڣ̲סٴ³Ѫǧòɸ̾ףʵǼƽұɱУʵǾ֮Ҳ˵ףȷʵõ˽ħĽ
ɽȴ΢΢ֻ£νܣȴǳ⣬ңȥĵط쵽ꡢɽԭֱѾ㣬ٷɢֻǻᱻԷƣ¸ôӳ顣
ǧÿԶһۣȴǲӰƶٿһȽϴɽֿ֣һǱڵĺһʱͬ˼
˷׷˽ÿˣ̰εٺãȴҲ¶˼֡
ͨ飬˾ȻȻдǷ׷ӦʣȴЩͨԼļ壬Ȼͨصõ⽣ħĽ
㣬ȫ뿪֮Ƭ̺ӰٴεĻˣǧúͷɽ⡣
ȷˣǧһǵѪͳ˵һ̣ﻹ˵ģ
ţˮζѪܿһֱѪΪϱܱ¹ж㣬ȴǴ˵ģ˺ɽ˵
ֻ֮²׵Ķ֣ˣȷʵƳӰ죬ǵɱУãǧõ
ްʵǿһ磬ǲУ֮ǰҼһöܱѾɱˣʵǿǱʵһ֣
Ѿͨ˽ͨҼ壬ĻϣζˣǣȵȰգ
ɽ
ɽ⣬㻹侲ǣһֻͣڼ֮еĵλǡ
ǧûû˵꣬ɽĻͬԴֵͬܣ㲻ҪֵǰԷƱˣΪΣҶ֪ôα
ǧһ㵣ȴ˿ŭ⣬ȴǲԳһ˿΢΢һ̾㲻˵
Ƭ̣Ӱɽ֮д˵ǰ
ɽ΢΢һָ˺;Ѱ
λ˵ǣ
һ˱㳯ź;£ϸѰ

¶ֽ֪һѪȷˣʱ˲
£¶ӣǸӢľۼ֮أϢɢֻ¶ܵСǣ
󣬱Χ׷½ףƼԷֶΣҲһԾްڶʱ佫ܣֻòʵԶԶţ׼л֡
ֻǣɽַΧ׳ˮУʧֻԷˮأһֱȵҺͷ棬һֱȵһȺ˵ӱߵ̺ʽʱ׵ףˮأˮˮˣ
ˮˣʱϰ˭֪ȴҪȥѰң
֪ҵĿԲ統æ뿪׼µͷŴ£֪塣

ҹ𽥵գһԲ֮ҹ
¹⣬£ľ֮ϣ˷ϿŨ֮ʹһ˵֮Уһ̣¹⣬С
¹⣬׵˫۽ĳֳ֮⣬ԲԲ˿̣ҪХĳ嶯ѪҺҲʼ
ң¹𽥵ºĸо𽥵ļǿƺһ۷ļ֮У׸̲ס
Ȼվ̧ͷ׼Хһ̣ȴǶȻ伱ļתףȴҲȻһ˹д󾪣˹ѹǺȻĹ֮УϢʱ㽫궯ѹȥ
ȻֻǶƬ̸оѹ׺ȻãԼƺøӵˣļ⣬ƺӳ˱ը
ԭ֮мӵĵε֮ɫĹ㱾ϡ֮һ̣ȴǶô㡣
ȻĲ࣬ʮԡ
һ̣׺ȻʶԼΪġѪֳԵȫ⣬ʹԼ˲ֵĻ졣
ǰѧѧѧȻҲǴ֪ͨ٣£ĽֵͣͬХǣʹԼͬ䣡
ֱ죬ײ֪ûĿǰΪֹȴʱûгָ״̬ǣȴԼмֵġ
תͷ״㵵ķ֣ܿоſ־ǵĹâԼĿܿԵһ
΢΢һ룬ױ׵֮ǰǹĸоӿĳЩɵİɡ
׿ֻܿ˺ۣѾʮֲ֮ϣȴǳּԵϣȻо綾
Լ䣬ⶾƺɢһȳ֮
΢΢üζʱҲܱ¶ݵģ
׼ѯʣȴǲ룬Զּ䣬Ȼ޴ϻ˻ֻǵİ
ﾹ͵һ嶯̲סҪּ䣬ϻɱ
һ̣һʱ˲׵Լ˽ǿͬĸоһѪϵĸӦ
˿ϵ£ҧ֪ԣ˷


061 Բҹԣ2
𽥵ߣɫĹâ£еľۼ׵ϡ
ȫϸ𽥵ţڵ٣ٴ𽥵ļӿڣ쵽һ˼ĵز
ء
ء
ԶһƬ֮Уֻǵƽ֮ţ⣬ȴֻͻͳ˻֮
ʱмкͰš
ȻӦΪʳĴ򶷡
ٽԲ׽ʳҲ𽥵ϡ٣ͻΪʳڲпȻϡ档
ͨǳȺûͻȴϲжΣƺȺ֮ǵĿ࣬ͻȴǳ˫
ϡ
һǵĲҺ֮׵ģҲݺݵһģȫѪ
һ̣ڵѪҺ٣ٴεļ弫˵Ĳţɫ¹ҫ£Ѫڲɫ㣬ƺͬζĳһ㣬ȫҲһ顣
һ̣ڸܵƤĳ̶ֳ϶ڷŸı䡣
޷̣Ѿ̲ס궼ͬҪ¹ĸоһ̣һεĶȻվ˫ȭͷĹһı졣
ܿһʱ㿴˸ŵɫĹâҹ֮£׵ͬһֻǡ
֪ܿôˣǵǣҲ˲ԼȫˣϢңһ״һѣ
ȻӴȴȻٲХ֮ڸ˴룬ܿǣˣ̲סٴһѪ
΢΢תͷĿⲢԵôͣȻһ˵ɭâȴѾԵôĲбм򶨡
ģû£ͬˣΣգҪȥǡ˵Ŀм䣬мĮȻˣͬһ㣬ԳֽӲ
һ̣ʺȻƮһƣڸ˲ֵ¹⣬ɫӰ£ϡ
Ȼ䣬ĸоƺõй𽥵ĵһ̣ױִʶʱҲָɲǼ䣬׶ʱؿǳʼָ쳣
֮ǰĹ첻Կصĸоʵ̫졢̫ˣƺԼһ̣ʶѾȥ
ϸоһʵ֮⣬ȴûκȻɲȴȻʼĹٵתţĿԶ
׵Ŀ£ҹͬʮȻܹȲϰ磬ǶѾûкܴķֱ
ƹȥ¹£ֻһ̣׳˾֮⣬Ҳû쳣ĸоˡ
о֮ǰƺһٽҪĵطԱˣȴƺˡ
һУǰԻΪ֮ǽʵˣ¹壬Ҳûʲôɽܵġ
һ̣ҲĬˣԼݣ֮ǰȺǵЦ
Զݴ΢΢Ӱʱɱ׿һֻǡ
ܿȴǴ󾪣Ϊֻܿҹ֮еӰżһŵɫͭ塢һĿֲ˫ۡ
ֻ޴İٻƵϻ͵׷˹
Ӵһ˶֮ԵòӿǾ޴ĿͷѸ͵ٶȣʹ׺ɣʮֻǣֻͻĶ֡
ֻڵľʯԣţͬ۸Сǰһ㡣
ĸֻǵͷÿһֻĸһ£ġż׽ġ
ֻȴܵĽԴ΢΢´ƺʾֻǿܿʱ΢΢¶׹⡣
ֽͷһģǶʱͷȴǲ¶׹⣬ԹԵ
ܿ첻µز£ܾҲһ࣬һ̣ȴǱֻǸŵˡ
ڵͬоһֻͬһֻǣȴ˹ףܿе𾪣ֱԸӡ
ֻ޻űڴͬһ˫ۣĿ¶ײеĹâĶס
ףĳȴ΢΢
ϡ
뽣ʵĦ֮Ȼ𣬿лĽʱɲǼС
һֻ̣޻Ҳ͵ٶȿ硣
ৡ
ͻͿĲĦ֮Ĵ׵ĶС
ӰȻһΪģӰһʹ˲Ӱȴֻ˲۶ɡ
ֻ޻ǰצ͵һ̽ǻӰȥ¶ݺݳŻӰľҧȥ
һ̣еĳȻǧݺһֻͻԴȥҽһߣݺһųһֻͻԴϡ
ۡ
ء
ꡪ
ž޴ֱͬͻԴһ̴ͬ
һųһֻͻԴϣͻݺݵĳ鷭Ȧڵϡ
ףȴǸоԼһźݺݳ˸ְһ㣬ʱҽžǹ˿


062 ׷ɢ
ֻϻһųԴЩεڵϷ֮ҡҡվ
͵˦˦ԴͷŤһߣֻͬ飬ȻʱЩ
˻һ˫۵ɵϴһ̣Ǻη
ҽԭעݺͻһţȴǲ벻ûͻڻʹԼȽѣҲǷŭ֮
һ̣Ŀؽȫģһ̣Ȼϵʱ˵ĽͬʱΪ˲¹ԭײķ֣ڵǵȻԿŽ⴫ݵ֮С
ʱ˰һ㣬ü˳߰ҹ֮УɢŹĵɫĹΣ費ѡ
ǳǳ⣬֣ȴʵĴڡ
һ̣ƺ˲١
ʱȫУⶸȻ籡ֱӺ֮ϡ
ʱԭԣʱ͵һХݺһݡһһâǾ޻ɱ˹ȥ
޻ȴǺȻһŤͼǼѸݵķɽ
Ǳһ̣׽ӿؽʱһƫתʮ˳ת˷
ؽѾ׵һʹˣ֮ǰĽ֣ܿɱͷܱ𣬱㶼ʹõֶΡ
£޻̣ȴԶˣȻͣȴԶѸݸ
̣Ҳ޴޻һʵ˻ۼĳԼ
ۡһֱӽͺ˸Դ
Ǿ޻鴤ԼĪʮ£ŵͷȥ
΢΢ӿؽʱɻ֡
˼ٶȣ˺ܴҴ͸Ҳǿ˲١
˻޻ӿ£ͬĺݺˤڵϣѪҲͬĲСȪ
ֳֽ־ۼһڽһĨʱϵѪ㳹׼˳ȥʱ㳾Ⱦ
ٴӿɳ֮ڿзշ֮󣬻䵽󱳵Ľ֮С
תֻһֻۣǶʱ˫ǰץʯͷϣԴʯͷƽһ֮Ŀɰģ
ֻǣЩǣĿɰô
в⣬΢΢ͷǱܵһ쳣ľ񴫵ݶûбʮ־ȷĺ壬űֻȥɵһֻϻ˳ԣһֻ˼
ֻһ£Ȼָָеһֻϻ˸ԵĶ
ʱֻǵ⣬ĵġʮ˳ĴʯͷֻǶʱվͬһ㣬˲嵽ָֻϻڱ˺ҧʳ
˺ҧž޴İɭɭĻǣžડĹͷñѪĽĳ棬ʹܿһһѪ
ֻһĿɭȻĶܿһֲۣĿһۣʵʵĿʳ
׿һĻʲô죬ܾãЩǣֻǶЩԹͨˡ
Ȼ֣ǲɷϣǣǻŲɵ͹̡
֮󣬵׶ûôԶ˿޻ױ׼ԣȴǺȻܿо綾δ
һ룬׿ֻǣ׹ֻǱȻһҲֻ֪ǶǲǷڵ˼
ֻǣǻҺɫëƤòࡢߵȣ࣬ûرܼסģֻһֻԵ΢Ҫһ㣬ϲɺĳͷ档
ֻǣ׶ȻһЩüһ㣬ɻĶס
ֻǣһ߳Լڻ⣬һߴžηµĿ⿴һۡ
ֱȻһΣȻľӦԼ˼ݳһΣǾݵĻǣȴ򣬵͵͵ƽһǾ޻Ϻݺ˺һ⣬ҧһ˦Ѫɰ˦ϱţ㳯ɭֱȥˡ
ֻһ㶣֮׷ѧһֻ˺һѪ⣬˦ڱϣȻֲ崦λ⣬һ߳ԣ˫һ߲ʱƬ̡
׵Щãܿɵˣ˾綾ȸЧĳ𺦵ʹ࣬ûв
⡭ôһֻأ
а˼⣬ǿʮ꣬ȴһ͵ĮĲɣһ̣ܿȴǺȻһͬ˵ĸо
һʺãһȴͬʱˡ
Ȼ䣬ܿãԼƺʮļõܣҪ˵̫ࡣ
еʲôûʲôĮȻʵ
ǡ׷ɢΪĶܿѹ˵
׷ɢ״󾪣һģܷ쳣׷ɢ
š
ˣϾҪˣߡһò£ֻҪ׷鵽ˡ


063 Ϊ
˼׷ɢΪζһԷԼˮ£ֻҪ;£һӦ׷ɢζֻǱܲ²⵽Լһˮġ
ϾֻҪ˶ģζֻҪԷ֮һ֣ҪӦζĴڣȻѡ
һ㣬׵Ҳһ
ڵֻȻʱĿܣף˿ȴ˵֮󣬼еܿߡ
ֻǣȻ䣬뵽ܿߵʼǻᱻ׷ϣûã
£˼ţ׿ܿһۡ
ܿҲԼ׸㣬㽫ҶɣǾץˣҲǽ֮ˡ
ɫ΢΢һı⣬ĪҪ˵Ϊƶʱ䣬ǻҲ
ҡܿǸм͸жһָ̣оΪǰġ
ûףֻֻܽϣԼȴܿ
΢΢ָʱӯ׵ҲŮ֮ӣһָ֮ܿȻһץܿļһקʱܿת˰Ȧ̬
׵һֵָѨȻ֣뼸
һְԽ֮֮⣬ʮݣҲ澭ȶ澭ƽѨλȫͬʤ桢
֮Уƪͽⶾƪߣ׵Ϊѧ伮ҽҲȴǸպΪܿⶾҲʶúܶ඾ԭڡ
ܿ׻ǻƻŮȻܲʮңһҵ㣬ѵҲߵࡣ
ȻܾöѾٿԼģȻ֪ԼģֲޱȣĸŮ
֪ܿΪԼˣȵɨظʱȻЩȫЩظǲȻıмֽӲͦ
оʹܿĲˣֻܽͷĵţģƺԭЩ˰̣Լڷ
ȴһƬ壬׷ɢһֶһĶݣֻҪڣ㲻ܶϾҪⶾҪôǿŰԵĶҩԶ׷ɢкͣҪôǿԵϾܿȻԴų
һֽⶾ֮طܿе׷ɢ֮ܿǷܱ˵֪ģڽⶾܶڶֽⶾ֮ʵҪﵽһ۷֣ܽڵĶų˭ɵԼȥΪһòζŮӽⶾ
״˿޷ѰԶһֶҩֻϾܿľ磬ֹ
ǰϵܿȻױֱӽƷܿؿڣ棬׷ɢĺĵ㣬ֱӽɢȻųȻЧ
Եֻ֮һؿڣʱһɼ˵ԵоҲ̲סһǱʶ֪ѹסʲô
ֻǣܿһװױȻĮаԵȻӿһɾʱݺݴݵܿؿڣܿʱֻؿڱ޴ݺһ£ʱȫɢ˸оģܵ𵴣ҲǼ
̲סһѪӿΪ֮ǰͷһںѪȴʯϣʱɢһȳõζʮŻ
ȻŵζֶȻּһԭעܿڵػܿڻͬͬлһ㣬һźɫ׷ɢ̣ȫİһͬ
԰Խ˳Ӧܿڵľʮ죬ȫҲǱˮʪ͸·ߣй·ߣձй·ߣƫƫ״ܿ·еʱʮֵĳͱƣԼо˿һ㡣
˳־һֵĲ뿪ⵯԾ֮֮أ΢΢һĪĳ嶯ȴԾȻĽأȻĳһƣʱһɫĶ֮ʱĳ
ܿм˥Ȼ˰̣ȴ޷Ӱ͵ĺ֮ɫ˫Ҳ֮У˼鶯Ĺâ
֪ⶾˣܿҲˣ޸һ£ҲֻĳЩλĹͷˣȴҪһӲźõˡ
վסԼҽŵĹʹ׿˿ϵԲ£Ѿƫ죬ӣ賿Ҫˡ
׼һˮ٣ʱɫҲ΢΢Ϊ֮һ䣬ԷԼߵˮ·ֻ¿Ҫˡ
ܿǿߡ˵գʱʹӰٶȺܿȥ
ܿѾµʽѾ׵ǿйѾ˴룬ʱҲʹˮ޺ṦٶȲĸ
׳ףȻһ٣ʱ΢΢ׇsһʱֻǵѸ͵ĳ˹
Եм־ݵǣͣ׵һ㣬
ܿһ㵣漴˳Ӧ׵˼һֻϡ
һӣݵĻǵѸ͵ļ˳ȥ


064 
·Ϊʡб޻
úʱ׼ս׳ܿû˶֣սҲǶ۷״̬ΪֶܹεȣҲȽϺηԣһǲġ
ţסܿݺݵĵ˵ͷ϶Ŀ⣬ܾмĻţؿƺָоһ˫ȵְһ㡣
ܿܵĿ⣬ͿԸ֪⣬Ҳף˵飬ж컣Ƕûеơ
ԼĪһʱ⾫ݵĻǣҲӲģɺͷ涼ûعֻҲ۵ĹǺ
Ȼ岢أǼôãҲ־òǿҲ
ܿµƥǣ죬ʵʵĸ󣬶Խ
ǱϾףβǱϵӲͷЩʹ飬;ϸߣ˫ȼǸҲԺܡ
ʮһֻҲǵ󣬲Խǰͷ
Ϊڱܹ֮УжʮֻǼ飬£ɫȺѾ˶ʮֻ
еĸߴģһɫͺɫӵëƤͬУ߸ߴһңʮͣе԰СģҲнһһҸߣһֻֻճСǹ׺ܿʱ¶ɻ׵
֣ȴǽǵǻۺŽԶȫʾ˳
ɫּµĿһƢʹһˬ
ϴһʱ࣬Ҳܲˣ˵ܿˡ
ܿҲһģŸǻߣûˤţ·ȴ˼̵ͦβһŤŤġ
Ƭɭ֣ܴ󣬳Χ˺ôһȴȻûгʲô·ֳһָɿݵ״̬
ѾһЩӲѾ˪ɿݶҲӰ·
ܵ׵ָΪһȺǶʱǰ濪·
ִԼĪһʱ׺ܿȲǾ˲٣Ѫ߰ߣֻ˾ǣͷ·űȽһĵطС
УһֻӥͻأķɹȻ˻һڶıܣײһΣ֮
ӥ˲ʧʣ֪ȥ򣬴˿ҶѾ䣬ľȻܼȴ޷ڵʲô
оɲǰѾԿԶˡ
ֻǣͻأ꣬ƺһƬţһ٣ʱȺǾǳԶƽ״󾪣һߣ
˵գ˿ȴǻּȺǶΧȥ
ܿѾʮ־裬˿׵ĻʱҲ˲תӡ
ʱѹѹһȺ˾˲֮ڵɽ׷ٶҲǼ졣
ʮֻǣ˲ײ֮һȺ˳ȥη
ֻǣһȺˣʵٶһ֣ڻмڷĳ磬ʮֻǣʵǲɱġ
һĲҽ֮ݽ׵зŭȴܿٶһߡ
Էȫֻһֻһ۷֣׶룬ǶԷ֮УֻɨһۣѾʦ۷ֵ˻棬֣ʵʵ̫ԣ׸ûκͶԷһս
ԣ£ֻӡ
Ⱥǣȴָӣʵа֮ǧú˵ķȴǲȺǸˣң׷ɱ֮ʱȺǾǶԼһƴΧԼһ˵г̡
ħĹֹǼ򵥵Ĺȵģ㲻ϡ棡һϵһ˺䷢ȻеĽݺռն䣬ʱնͷ
ȴ赲Ƭ̡
׷Ѱ֮ʱˣһεʧˡ
֨ĴһڵԶУʱһֻɫĲӥȻ¡
ɽĵͷóȻһָָɽ֣ʱӥʱٿշɽϷȥ
ͷһӥУһ̣׶ʱҲ֪һΣȫ·ˣΪߵܱӥ׽ټ
Զ˿ԶһӴĸƵɽţͬһ㣬˲ӡ
ɽɫϵķڣ׼ţɽ֮£ӦǺ֮ģʱѡ˷ɽȥ
ܿҲ档
ˣʵϾܸߣ׳޸ߵɽʱˣѾȫĸ
վɽɽһ⣬һ޴Ͽȹ֣Ҳν£ˮٿԶ͵֣ˮԴϾ֮⡣
ǹʯ᾵ľ޴Ͽȣǰλʵʦ۷徳ĸ֣ʦ۷֣ʵӴңҲԲᳬˣһ׵ģһʱ䵽˼㡣
£֮⣬ǧõһ۷徳ĸ֣кܶһ֣Լһ۷֡
زǾ
֪Լѷɣ˾ԵľȻ֪Ȼż˵򶨡
ʡ


065 1
һӿʱ˳С
ǰǧúͷɽû֮⣬ˣһ£īͷͷ˽ȥֻ¶۾ǿ׺졣
оԴһֻɫƿӡ
һȺ˸պöʮ࣬Ҳ٣ˣƺֳɣÿһɣʮˡ
Уǧúͷɽ⣬˿̾һɫžվǰԶ󣬷ɢ漸γɰΧһΧ
һ̣Χ㣬֪ԼӵĵˣҪô£Ҫôƴ
ͷһɽ£ʯᾣ߶ֻ²ףȥƴһ
⣬ŵƺȫ׵һ㣬ʱҲ˵Ĳ
Сӣ־ܰգѾû·㽻ħϷҲң巢ѣȥС㣬ѡڷѧѡΣ
һԼ͵ĺ˵ɣȴ
һˣȴĬĬԣеĺʵڵϣһԵ֮һĺݺݳ׵ġ
ܿȭգųû
һжȻһ˿ɱ⣬һһʵһĵݺܿնȥ
һȻһɾǵݺݵĳײ˿
䣡
ռ΢һը׵ܿȴ˲ܿ˾ನؿһһģŭ쳣
ߣǼȻ֪֮ܿˣҲ˷׳
СӣǸӣ㽻ҲýĻңҺңȫʱʹЦ
ôͬЦңңңǴȥţǱ£Ǹãвң߽µģв֪ħУúõĸ̸
ֵĺڲһ壬иǱʵʰɱ⣬һߣȴ΢΢ֹ̧
ã̸Ǿ̸֪СҪ̸ƺı䣬͵ߣ˫֮侲ʵʵںǲ򵥡
׿˿ܿȻһ֮⣬ˣȫ˺ǧס
ֵߵŭ
ãϷӦ㣬˵ֺݺһӣֵߺʮˣʱ˺һǧס
ɽȽϿ˺һǧףҲֻǸպ˵Ҫɽ¿ڣɽ±ߵһУȻɼ
ֳֽȻվڶ㣬ܿȻ뿪
ҲߣұҲҪһ𣡡ܿȻ޵
Ŀɭ䣬ܿһۣУǾĮܿһ촽ҧ˿˿Ѫȴûٿ޳
߿ԣţֶΣܽɣңңңңɽˣȫΪֶζ߳˵Ȼܿһۣʾ뿪
ܿҧ˫ĿһۣĬĬվڲţˮһſŵĵڵϡ
ܿǺ߾ȴǺȻгݺݲȻź˴ȥٶ֮죬˲䱬˼µ
һؽ͵ļ٣ͬʱź˴ȥ
бһɺ壬ûеƺҲϡõʱ͵ĹĵһɼӴݺܿҳֱһסĳ
ˡ
סѡ
ۡ
ݺܿؿڣܿɿУһѪ
ݺˤڵϣѪҺֱ
ץĵڵıţк֮ɫŨ͵һƺ뽫ֺݺĳһ׺˹ȥ
סʹ׿ؽ裬ʱѪڡ
һ뱬ʹ׻Ǻһϵʹȫ˵ʹ༴Ŀһʹࡣ
ˡ
͵һʱǿг˵֣ɱǰǺǰһʱݺݷ˳ȥ
ף
΢΢ȡ
ȴһץסķɽһѴڵϣϥأ˽ʮףµıԵͣ¡
һ̣֪ʵĲࡣ
һ֣ʦ۷ֵʵ࣬ʵ̫ʦ֣Ѿһֻ̤쾳磬ʵһ
ԭܿ뿪Լ룬һ룬ױҲ֪ԼҲӵʦ۷ֵ׷ġ
СӣϷѾûˣħȻ
Ҫܣ˵׼£ȴܿȻɫ죬һ˲䣬ȫʵԵı
СѾͷ㾹Ȼϰħ壡˴󾪣ϵĺڲʮ
סߣס߰
˵գܿһӰʱĽ˱ס߾ŭݺȫݺݺܿļϣȴ˼Σ޷ܿҿ
䣡
䣡
ܿȫѪģȴȻ֣лţ߰
׿˫Ѫ죬Ҳܵ˼𶯣˶˵Ĳ
ޡŭޱߵĺ޺ŭǿҵڵԡȣޱȿ񱩵ıʱݺź˺Щˣݺݵĳ˹ȥ
ѡƺűֵƣֱϣ͹˲ĺɫƬһƤǱصƺȫıը˿״˿˫˸ѪɫĹâ˳˷


066 2
˲伫˵ķŭʹԭѹֵģҵͻƵ㣬һ̣ڵĽ⣬Ȼ˵Ĳ㣬ʵҲ˲һ۷ľ硣
ؽͬ˲侫ֻǼٱ򣬻ʵ˲Ծ
ǣһУ׶Ͳ֪
Уֻпŭֻоĺޣ
ܿΪԼ˷ܲ׵ģǼ˾޴ģ
ǰûһˣĶԼĺãܽܿҲˣ
ܿȻѾˣȫĿˡ
˫Ѫ죬˿û쳣Ž˿ٶɱǺ˵ǰ
˷ŭ֮͵һܿ··һ˺ƣ޴ʹܿ˰صλãõס
ǣڼ˾Ŀؽ֮£ܿ粿ƿķ϶ٴݺݵĴںǰ
͡
һĽȻ˵Ļ˻ĵˣȴǵֹҲ׹
Ȼû˵ˣǾ޴ĳȴƿ˺˵塣
ɱݺݵɱҲŭˣ͵ըһƺݺܿͷϣڽֿȻһ߳ܿѪǲĵĺ⣬ֻǣ⣬𽥰ɳȥֱӵ¡
ĺ˳ˣ׿ʼɱ֡
ܿ
˻һУһ̣Ѫ
һ̣ȴ侲ĽڱϣһĳЩ˹ȥ
Ȼ䣬ŵӰһ˲䣬Ӱʹ˳еĳݺݵĿٵĴ͸һһĺˣֻҪʦ֣ɲǼ䣬ᱻնɱ
ɱ˺ˣˣɱһһ
޻·ܿ޴Ŀܣ״˿̵ģȫ˼
ֻ֪ɱ
ۡ
ߺݺһ׵ĺϣ˲䣬һ£ƣʱͷȫѡ
ǣȻɳۡһٴδ͸һ˵ĺ

һȫƺһһ㣬ʶȻ»һȵһУꡱһȱϣٴεɳףȴѾٽ±ߡ
ۡ
ؽնɱһˡ
ȹͷǧãͷɽ⣬ȴӵ죬ƴʼ˱ԶԶδĨɱ
£ֻʣˣǧáɽ⡢ʦ۷徳ĺ³ϡ
ѪţԳ֧壬ҵ֮󣬱ǼȵƣͺͿ飬ȫѪֹʹƤһĳء
Ǵﵽһ۷徳磬ҲȻ޷սʤǰʦ۷ֻ֣ãԼҪߵ˾ͷ
ģȴҲûκĿܡ
˫ѪⲻֹĶˣƺҪޣԶסȻ±ӡ
ȻòɣңҡңΪĳ嶯𣡡ɱ֮ܿ˵գʱ;һݺ
ǿʵɱУȫûκܵĿܣһᣬȫݺݶһơ
䣡
䣡
³̲סһ˿Ѫףȴǽŷ֮ȻȻת¡

ɽѷɽ˵ѾǺܲĵطˡ
Ͼǧ꣬Ѿмַˣڣǰô粻ȥоʵҲˣľҲˣȴΣ޷
ٲĻʣʱ䣬ͲˣûдУˣһӵôķˣ
Ӹ̾һĴ֮ţֻķ֮ŭ޷ȴ˶뵽ˡ
ӺȥˣȫĨɱ
Ĵ붨֮оŴӿµĳˣƺԼԴϡ
Ӻܲͷ׼ֻӳһߣȴǲһѪҺ䣬ѪУв
΢΢һһУǵ֮˸˹
ִѪѾѾȫһɫĳѾѪȾ죬ż¶Ĳִ⣬Լȫٵļ粿ѿͷǡ
ӵһʲôˣǶһŮ˺֣
ŮӣǱµܿ
һ̽ܿزѾֹͣɫ΢΢һ̽ܿ磬ʱȷʵ߲еʱͷ󶯡
ԼڣһºˣŮл۸֮ǰΪ˲֮ˣȻТ˳£һѣҲиС
ңǧǰѰ£һֱѰʵͽ£ȴĪϵһֻãĪ
̤Ьٴȫѹû뵽ͽǴֻǣصˡ
󶯣ȴмԥԳԸʹࡣ
˰죬ŮƺԽԽУ΢΢̾ãǧ᲻õΨһһ㵱˵İգ˭Ե˵գȴȻǲᣬðŲĴؿһöƿ浹һŵɫ˸֮鶯ޱȵĵҩ
ϣⵤƺһ㣬ƺܲԸⱻ˳ԵԵúԡ
಻ᣬȴǿ˿ΣڵϦŮӣҧҧ͵ĽⵤҩֱӵܿڣȻʼעסܿ
ӲֻȥѰһεӣҲֻѰ߱ĺǣѰһͽ˲Ųòɽ֮¿ޣ£ôϵͽΨһ֪ͽʵ֮ףˣҲǸˡ
ͽ飬ʦӲ
յͽͽͲɱˣ
Ӳʲôˣ֮رأټӾ޷ͻƣбͼ˲죬ܿȶŵӿһݡһȥ
ģӵͽĲͷˣӶǧûˣ뵽ԼͽͷǼǵȶѡ˺۵ģʱŭ


067 ãã1
׶ߵ£ӿͨɽûʲô
˷֮ӽһʱֱӵ̤ɽ
죬ǡ£עˣ˼Ӵ֮·ľ
³һ˿Ѫ˵ŵŵŵ΢΢ǵһѪ
һֵ߾ڴϣû°գ
⻰ʵĹ֮ǳֵֻĿ⣬ȴҲм¶ûܿ͸
û£СӣһʵϷƴһƣϷ˵ڴȻǺ߳
ߣȻòңҪȥϸѰһģСǺ֮ѵ򲻳ֵߵ
һ̣ǧúͷɽſ˹Ȼˣȴûܵϵ𷣡
һ̣ȴǺȻ̧ͷĿ⾼Ķ±ߵһߣд󾪣ȻվԼǰԼȴǲ֪ˣǴðģ
ֻǴ䲻Դƽ͵ĵ֪λǰΪΡ
ΪͷӳģҪĳ˵ղţˣ˭˳֣Ըܿģûģһˣüۣһĺɫ£ʱ֪ʲôû
֣֮ܿʱӱѾˣԺܶ飬֪ġ
ֻǲȷǰһ˶ѡ
ɫһ䣬ǰ¾㼸֣ȴ䲻Сңа֮ļ壬͵ڷҵ伮£ҵȲ׷ѣаż壬˵ö֮
аţаŸãӾϲղ㶯ֵİɣѾȷˣӺٺЦ
ʦ֣ΣϼһһֻŶ̤˹ײģҶֵƢ꣬˿ûпһ֣ʵϣߣҲ
ٺ٣ãܺãǻ뽫ʲôǰɣӱȽ˸ˣ˵գ˸ûж
ߺͳֵߣԼǧ÷ɽ⣬ǴʧɫصĶ
ȴƬ̣Էƺûж˶ʱ־ƺˣһ㡣
ֵߵӵҪȥ˲䣬ȴЦˡ
ͣΪǿˣ
˵գӺȻڳֵߵǰųֵĵݺһȭҳ
أ
ֵеĵһȫѳƬĵϣֵ߱ˣȴǺݺݵĵ˳ȥȻһڽĵϣ棬Ϊ֮һ
ʱڵѪӳֵ߿һ̣ʦ۷֣ǱһлĻ˹ȥ
ߴ󾪣˲ӣȴһЦͥŲһ㣬һ磬ʱںǰ
ߣҴͽӽʮ֪ʲôʱһںͷϣٶȣһ㶼죬ƫƫɲǼѾĳд󾪣־֮ɫŨȴζܲˡ
ڣ뵽ԭ쵽˼£
أ
ɫһϿʼѪȴû֣зִ磬һƣԲô׵Ľ
Զɱӵ꣬΢΢ָʱԪ֮
ݡ
ƿ֮˼ֻɲǼ䣬Ԫʱ㶴˵ĺ󱳱ģʱ˵˳ȥڿУһѪһΪʱҲȫıˡ
Ԫ֮͸ֱӻûȴǱˣʹ򱶡
СӣȥʲôƼ壬ͽҶ壬ţӴȵ羪ףںݺˤڵصǧúͷɽǰը죬̲סѪڣһѪ
ʮΪһǧĶУɽ⣬ȴһֱҧ촽˫ѪɫĹ⣬ȴûп
һŲں߼ϣԪ֮ӿžһ죬ֱӻ˺߼粿ȫ硣
һźݺݲȳںߺϣһ죬ϰľ磬Ҳȫ
üͷһ£ź߲ҽ֮ȭһһңݺϡ
أ
أ
ʱȲͷȫ飬ȫϾ߳࣬٣һϢʹٴλ˹ȥ
ӺٺһЦȫԪƳһߵȻݺһŽߵһߡ
֮˲ָ˹ȥǳֵȫͷ飬ź޺޵֣Ӱһ±ߡ
۸ͽӽз꣡Ӵһ䣬ӰһΣ¡

ӿ£޴޴ʧء;޴Ļʹڻ˹ȥ
֮£һƬ޴棬һԭʼɭ֣ûһˮ
Ӹ߿£׵˫ȺݺݵײһʯͷϣꡱȫϵҲ˳
䣡
ݺݵһһϣױʹ̼Ķʱ˹ȴǸоȫһȫıƶλãڣѾ˿һ̣޴ʹϮٴԡ
ˣôϹ


068 ãã2
𽥵ĿʼϾ˳صʹ׵壬޷ܡ
˫ײʯͷϽ˴ٶȣǴˤҲ˵ľ޴
ңԲ࣬ɣһʯ
أ
׵壬ݺݵײʯͷϣȫĹͷŵı֮ڣ֮ͬǰĳʹȫٴδѪʶȫ̱š
ǿҵĲʣʹ׼˵ĲԸô£ǣ˿̣ȫҲûһ˿֧塣
֪徭׸ߵˤںܶ٣ѾȫĴڻıԵ֮ûֻһִǿŶѡ
ң˫ȶϣ˫ֲУ廹ڲѪȥɡ
ʶ𽥵Ļɢ׺Ķһ£һ˿˵ͳɳƶ
գָߴľǣߣǾ޴ʯͷͿĲľԶҰ޵ĺ
ֻһУףƺԽԽԶ㱼䣬ݽξ԰Σ޷ѡ
¹£һɵ֮תţ˵ĻȴӲĵסȫȥ
ڣױǹִҲԼȥ
ۣʵ̫ˣֵ֣ȥô
ѪĶˣһţɺԣ裬˿ڶʹѪ
˫ȣȴΪʱûжƺȫķϵˡ
һ̣г˼˵κ;֮⣬о
ò״ӷϲģĵزȴǺȻ䣬ٴε˫ȶϣ˫ֲУ»ָȫʵûһϵ嶼ָܻ糣ңԽȥֻԽԽһ˹ϵʱ仹ûнӺùͷһǻţֻҲзˡ
׵УӿǿҵĲʣ壬޷ȴȻڲ
İİ
ΪʲôΪʲôһл
ʵûоԵʵʼǻΪĶһӵʵ£㶼ģ
еķŭǿҵӿţһ̣Ǻ޻ŭǲʣʹ˫ۣţǿҵĲԼȥ
һȥǣĽ֡
ײǲԸôҰ⣬ԸôĳûбԸܿΪԼôĲֵ

һɳ֮͵ĴؿӿţȴǺݺݵ˻һ
ңŭʡ
һ˻͵ĳڶʱ˼㣬ͷʯϣٴοʼѪ˫Ѫ졢ȴѾûʲô鶯ĹâôͶӲ
εĶԶĿ
ҪˣҪ
һ̣׵ǰȻƺǰĸ΢Цƺ˽СܽС͵ǵĿɰ棬ƺһĸ͵ӰԼݵĳ
һеһУʼǰֳХǣģȺΧ
һеһУƺµǰطһΣһпʼʧǰȴ𽥵ĳ߲֮ɫԵúǵƽ̻һĹʡ
ʣڻƽǰʱһѿĹȻḶ́ϵѭţƺԶûоͷ
ԭ֮ǰǻĹȥһһģԭҲĽѡ
׵ģѾȫţһ̣еĲʣƺ֮а飬ƺҲƽǰ磬Ҳð޹ʣڰһĽ١
ǣʱ򣬺Ȼ䣬ԶȻһǵƽ֮ǵƽ֮ͨǣȫĲͬƺǵХһƽǣȴǾãƽ֮·ʮֵңԶһ㡣
ʶҲ𽥵һ̣׵ģڿʼ磬Ҳʼڰ
ҹ٣ҹǼ˵Բ¹⣬Ҳֻ࣬ǣƣʮ£ʮԲҲ˵Բ֮ҹũʮ壬ʮ
ҹƣȴһԲ֮ҹ
ľĿ֦赲ɫ¹Ļ
ɫ͵¹⣬׵ϡ
ֻ¶Ѫϣ㣬ԴԴϵ¹ۼţ𽥵û׵塣
ϣ𽥵ɢŵİɫڣ¹ⳤõ£ԭͬƬһƤٴεĸԭˣָ
ϵƺҲ𽥵ңƺ¶ҲԽԽߡ
Ƭ̣ʯͷϣðʾȵ¶ȣһ̣ԭѾȥףȴǸоڣһ㣬ĳһĶƺڲϵС˺ҧһ㣬Ǹо˵ܣȴʹԭʶףָ˼ʶ٣Ҳͬξ֮һ㡣
˿̣ɫ¹ƺԽۼԽͣǹϣ𽥵˼ȵĸоûɣȻЩ̾޳ȴҲֻεĳͬһʹ࣬ͷҲɱЦûˤֻҲñ¹ˡ
ʱҲѾ׵ԵֻɫХǣֻ»ĲǷ
ֻǣ֪ˣҲûκΰ취ıµ澳Ϊʵ̫ˡ


069 Ͽ1
ܣֿڲϵⱻҵ¶յ÷Ѫȵ㣬εĵʯͷϣһ
ܿˣҲҪˣڻǣңңţ޷ǱΪ˱ҲΨһĶǼǱ˳𣬲ģҲѾˣԼȥƺҲûˡ
ǰ״̬ܻźܶ뷨ֻÿһ뷨Щغͱۡ
˶Ĳɣٳ죬Ͼ֮ܳǼޡ
¹̫ͬһۣͬ¯һȵʱ򣬾׸޷ܣȫͨһʱ򣬺Ȼ䣬һֻߴͬͻһɫǣȻһĳ˹
׵ͷ΢΢ţͷѾȵʯͷʮ˿̣˫ȴüǵ
һּ˲ȵʾ˾Ǽ˵ǻۺԡ
ǣƺ΢΢ƫ֣ͷһװˣһɫë¹⣬˫ֵֻͲĵݣĿ
ô޴ǣ׵ģҲһӳ˹ȵףϸһ룬Ҳգһôûνˡ
СߣĿ˿ܣֳ濴˿ŽĿͶ׵ĲӴ
ͨĲӣ΢΢Ĳһ̣ײǺ£屾ܵķӦѡ
ǵıӴ˹ϴһɵҩݵ㣬ûͨϵǹɵζ
ǣ޴ɫıײӴ˹ױֻһɱһĶԼӴĦ˼¡
ȻƺҲо¿ڵĵطɡ
뵽׾ƺؼбӦһ㣬ɫХǣ£ԼȴҪͬХǳԵȻӦˬ
ֻЩˣȴΪβܵӦ첻
ĺһȻѾûжԺˣȻ̾˳
Ǿ˼£ſڣ¶ɭɭɫһ׵ؿҧȥ
ǵģؿڡ

ܿʶңԶξһĵط˻ð죬˫۲Ųȴǲ룬Ȼһȴʮ˻
ƺнǧԶǲ֪ΪΣܿȴǸоԼȻˣǶʶȴ̫ࡣ
ƺףܿҲܻ
ҪȻһͰͽҶΪʦΪյҩء
ԡͽͽܿʮɻĿǰüĿġȴмݵİ׺ˡ
šͽѽʦѾΪ㽫Щ˶ĲзˣҲˣ찲붨ʦΪ޸ͨȫȫľ磬ŵҩҩЧͣҲЩӴֵ˵ƺûܿ᲻Ը⡣
ǰЩˣˡôܿʵʲôһ£ܿܣģȫԼϡ
ʲôŶ˵СˣӡϷ¸ˣӶʱҲһĴԣε
ˣҪ£ҡһȥҲûʲô˼һĽѣܿŭ
ʲôʦʲôܿȫںǰ֮ˣǿȣʲôˣܿʱʮֳӡ
ңΪʦȥ㣬ĪҡҾ㰡úôźúҸһСˣҪҲҾҵҲ
ƺͽԼӴ󶪣ͽңһޱȵǧ꣬ҲˣҪͽˣӶ֪˭ȥڲá
̣ԼͽΪ飬ԵǣúҰοһܿɫƺڴһ㣬ӵкù˲٣Ц˹ͽúΪʦȥ
šʦأһҪȻ׵ܵܡܿҧҧ촽ԳֺΣȴǵĺʦ
ӵϲããʦƴҲȻС˵ģĺˣ
ͽӲַ죬ڵƺ˲ǿ౶һ㣬Ǿȸµôһ죬ӶܾȻ
ݡһɲǼ˳ȥ滹нǧףȴͬƼһ㣬ֱܿʧɫ
ӲʱŸһͱڻգڿɲֹû䡣
ⷬڼͽСˣֻǣӷǵûиˣɫʱͬ˪һ㣬ʱˣӣ鷳ˡ
ৡһڵϣվʯʮ֮⣬ɵɵĿһС
ɫһҧǰ·ϣһ˦һʱ㽫ͬһ㱳˱ϡ
תӣɫ˫֮УȻһɼ׺ݵĹ⡣
һҾЦЦͬһ仨λǴСλֵܡ
ۡ
˫һʱһɫԪٶȾͬڵһ㣬˲ݺӡ
Ӵ󾪣ʱĳһɾ޴Ԫ
䣡
ӵɳףˤһɽĸǱĴӵ³һŻƺɫݺһѪҲ٣һǿ
ɫͷϷɹӸ̧ͷǴףһʧ
УһٶľʯȴǺȻԴ£
͡
ʱƿռ壬ƺֲĺѹȵıը
Ӵŭݺһʯɣɫ֮޺޵ŵһȳһյߡ


070 Ͽ2
صɽµͱƽ֮ϣɫεĿܿЩ֪롣
˽ǧҲһͽϵһѵߵȻϡ٣ҲϾʣȻһ㣬ʮˡ
ܿǿҵѯʵĿ⣬ΣֻЦĽǳ˳
ѽͽֲΪʦΪʦȥʱС˱ǡǱˣǣ桭֣ʵͬСɣΪʦĶ֣ǻۣӦòΪС˵İա
ӾԼûηηβȻóʦϣ뵽ŮӵĸңֻԼ̬һǿԷˣԼǵȥ˭ȥ
ԣһ̣ͽΪ벻һǲ鷳
ܿ۾һȻָĲ࣬ȴˣǱˣ滹ô
УȻУУǣ˲õĸأӵæ
ǰǣǾûˣʦлл˵գܿҪתӹ¿ͷֻŷ֣Լ·ƲЩ߹⣬ʱҲʮֵΡ
ӿܿĶǸˣеǱһɨ⣬ããʦ㻯ҩһ˺˰̣ȫˣʲô˵ģҲ޸
Ӽ˵ĸˣʱãܿɰֶòʵǺͽ
ܿмָм˵ͷʦͽһʦĺһŬ
ţããиˣ鳩֮鼫ã޲̱㽫һѧȫڸܿ

ſϣֻǣŵҩζڱУʮֵıϣʵʮֺãҲݣƤë͹⻬ױоſ˳еıһʡ
ٶȺܿ죬ߵķ粻ϵĺХţ˵ٶȣǾˡ
ٶ֮£Ǳϣȴƽȵͬƽء
״̬£˯˹ȥ
ʱҲ֪˶ã˹Ѿͷ
Ͽ֮Уײ֪ϿڲǶôĴ
ǣȻȻڱܣٶ˿ʹ׼˵𾪣ϿȵӴΪӵ˵ϿȣӦǼӿٲڴֻƫƫĺܣϿȣƺȫٲûκεϵûһ˿ĳʪ֮
˫ܼķΧ󣬵Ǹܣȴʮֵ
ٹƬ̣ǵٶȴһͱǰ
ƺѾû·ˣ˼ţȴǺȻоһɿֲϢڴܳȻ˲䣬³Ԫ۵ĹţͱϵĳЩλãʱ̦ǽڣ˲䰼˽ȥ¶һޱȵͨ
ͨظԼʮףǽһ̤ɫβһѲסףʱ
һɾ޴֮ǾȣֻǸֵǣ׷֣¹䣬˫˫ȻˣǾǿʼںˡ
ڵĻҵҲƺõеȫͨҲ˲ٵ
ֻ˫ֺ˫ȶλˣͷҲˣȴ鷳֮
ɫɽھ˷֮󣬱ʱйرһڣ״˿˥ҹӵӲֻԼĿʮֿ
βͼףǷ񱼣ĸʱңһķεŴʹһĴ֮
ֻǣһĹ
ȴûйײ֮ĶյģʲôûС
ͷ߿ҹ飬ٻɫĵΣˣȴһѹֵͳصϢС
Ǳߵ֮£ҽڵϵ£ֳλ˼£ʱ濪ʼǽݵݣʱȻԭĴһУȴȫĲͬˡ
ʲôʯʯΣʲôǽֻȣ˳Եü˵졣
ȻٻɫģȴǸоǳƵϢѹϢˡ
βһʱ㽫׼Գ֫ˣ޷ʱݺݵһʮƽʯͷϡ
ⴲһմ궼Ϊ֮һ䣡
ʹ඼ʡˣһɼ˵ݺݵĳ׶ʱ类ݺݵĴ˼һʱӿݺײڴϣȻ˱ʯе˵ľ롣
ʱǺȻХ׸޷㱻ǵɫβͺݺݳϣʱءһ׶ʱٴ˴ϡ
һ˿ӣ΢΢ҡҡɨһβͣǰ׷ʱվǰצһ׵ļ粿Ȼһ
ꡪ
ԭзϵ֣ȫˣԭϵĲִλĹҲĵķ顣
ֱ۵ľʹϾҵĺţݺݳʵܲסʱ˹ȥڻԵһɲǣȴǿУЦ⡣


071 ǣҲԱ
ʶ𽥵ıңԶڰΨһܸоģһɹɼ˵ʹǻξһ㣬˼Ա
صξһ֮У׼ţҲ޷ʵǱ׵εĻþ֮һ㡣
ʹͷβֻޱȵʹڣʹ飬ʹ֮
ƺڱܵĲţҵĺ⣬ѽһ˿˿ѪҲʮԵһ𣬵ǣȻ޷ıĲ
һߣ˰ɫĺ˪ȴһ˵Ѻۡ
ĿĿһۣٴվߣϸĶһĲ˼ɫƺ֣׵ˣǡ
˻ǣǵĳԶûиı
צе⣬ݺݵĳѨλĳʱһ󼫶˵Ĺը׶ʱӺʹ
һΣֱֹۣͬ˫ȵȣȫȫҶˣӶԺ³ʩһ
Ȼڻ֮Уͷϵ亹Ȼʯϵһٴεɱ
ֻǣԭ״̬׵ʵ޷ֿҵĺģֵǣ⺮⣬ȫκεطǾ޷ԵȹؼλڣԭΪص׹£λڳѪȣĪȫлָ˹
һкã˼Ƭ̺ȴɫצץץԴĻ˼£ƺȻһ㣬ʱݡһ˴
һƫǵ˺ܶذŴƫһԵ
ǹϵĮ̇ϣһЩϵ鼮һѾļϣһĻɫͷһ顣
Ŀƣ۹⾫ɨЩ֮Ŀ䵽ǻɫͷϡ
ݡ
һԪУһɵʱǸ鱾Ƭӣʱбƿһ϶ͷһĻɫʱĵ
ӰһֱӳǰףβһϽƺ¿֮һ㡣
ǸʱܴǽڣȻԪƫʯڶʱ䣡䣡޷Ͼ
Ҫ룬ֻݣ˲Եļľ˴ˡ
ʱȴѾβ;飬վƫһˡ
βͻɫ鼮ڵϣβëһɨҳʱ㱻ϸĿһ߿һߵͷ˫ʱʱƺ˼һ㡣
ԼĪʮӣβһͷһĻɫ鼮ʱ鼮ԭλȴǡÿסѵС죬ڵ
һ̣ľȴ˲ֹͣ˷䣬ռ䣬Ҳֹͣ𵴡
ǷŻ鼮ʱת˳ȥٴλصʯߡ
ǰΧתȦųĬƬ̣Ȼ³һȻڣھеתţ΢΢һüͷ΢壬ȴҲûκηӦ
βͽֽŰ֮ػƬ̣ƺѾȽϡꡯЩƣ͵ʯԱ
㶯Ǻͨڼ£ߣȴ֮ڡ
ʵڴ΢ҡθоʱ򣬾Ѿ˹Ͼ֫з֮⣬棬Ѿû̫˺
֮ǵΪѾȫĸܵˣڣǶȸһ֮Ҳ֪
ңϵѪĽѵڸֶǼ˵ķеģκûеֿ֮ƺϲŭ޳ϲ磬ҲֻˣֻҪһж˵
£ƣ͵ģҲʹ׵΢΢һů
ǣϾǸǾΪԼڵ֮ȴʹľľԼģԼԼ֪⼴ˣֻ¶
ǣȻ֮ǰΪԼϹȷʵֺ˵㣬һ⣬٣мִġ
ͬģΪԼܲȺ˿ڵĶʮǡ뵽ЩҲһܣʮǣȴǶʮֵһ㣬ΪԼӵĿˡ
΢΢Ťһ²ӣڲûиˤϣֻЩʹУ̣ȴҲǼѡ
ԴǱһ㣬׵Ŀ⣬ȴǿߡ
Ƕţ˫ıպţǼ£һ˫ë׵ɫβͣȴǽ¸֮µȴȫڸû¶һĴ⡣
˿̣ǻ˸裬Ϥɫ֮ת
ⶫҲףν֮ɫĹȣʵʻ
쾳֮ڵܻ磬һ޳ʥ֮ڵתΪ
뵽֮ǰХǱԼһɱʱҲѣһͬԼڣޱȣǲȻֻɣ漫˵Ŀֲ
Ƭ̣ʱתͷһۣ׶ʱҲһۡ
һۣʹ׷֣ǵǻۣԵ൱ĸߣΪ֮У΢ŭľ档
βͼ£ǽ΢΢ݡһȴǳ˳ȥɲǼʧ
ǵٶȣԴ춼ûת֪Լôˣð죬ȴȻǾ棬ԭԼҪĸư


072 Ұ޴
ˣٻɫĴ֮УʱԵЩɭĸо
Ȼ壬죬ʵ̫࣬ҲʹһĻλõĸо
ǰʲôתʲôиߵǻۻЦ֮࣬ʲôµ飬ǾԲŵģΪʵ̫ڻʵЩ֮ȴҲˣٶ࣬Ҳľˡ
˿̣׵ĵԼ֫ڵϵʱҽѧȥ״ҲзϵĽֻǣȴϣԼԻָȻȷʵڳ˵ΰЦ֮
Լ֮У׶ǣһڴ
ǶѨλԼȫͷҶˣѾƵǰˡ
׺˼ţȴŬڵתΪ֫ˣмȫ裬ױֻʹСΧߡ

ԭ·ͱ֮󣬶ʱٶ͵ĴݡһһӰ
ٶȣǱ֮ǰ׵ٶȿʮϡ
Ƭ֮ǱٴεĽ޴Ͽ֮С
ֱӵһߵأǶȻ쳤Хһ
ء
೤ǴһĪϵƣķ
羪ףӣҲɫĪ⣬ϰµľţǳһ㡣
ʱҩЧܿһ˼˴󲿷֣ʵҲӶ۷壬ѸٵԾԿʦ־硣
ֻЧŷӳӴǲ⣬Ҳ֪ЩҴ󲿷ҩӵȥˣҲֻա
ʦưɣܿ΢΢һȻʵ
ţǣʦǧ꣬һֱڣҲˣˮˮģĪǷˡӾɲ˵
طãҪ뿪ӻ治Ը⣬ҲΪ˾衣
ǧꣿܿҲһ㶣漴뵽׺ǵϵа˲٣ʱһЦʦģطûµġ
㲻С˿ͽǰֵúܾǶһʱ٩
ޣʦĪҪϹ˵أܿɫͨ죬һڵ
ŶѽȿȡεĺٺһЦܿɫã˰޴ĹЧ£ҲѾ䣬ʱʼͳķˡ

ǵƽ֮һʱϿڲپ˻֮˷һʱ䣬ƺܶҰ
һֻɫͭǮһȦȦĽǮȳ˹ٶҲͬһ㣬ǺǱȴʮֵĲ
һֻɫľ޴ӥʱҲӿ£ֱ˫צڽǮԴϣǮצ۾ϲüëȴûзԡ
һֻ۵ϻȫɫͺɫӵƤëԼס峤ԼףͬĲߵߵ˹
ֻ֮󣬱ֻɫľˡ
ٵȴƬ̣ﵽ׹ⶸȻһаֻ忪ʼĹڵأԴ̧رǽǮͰɫϻǽ˶ԴѹڵϣƺǷŭһ㡣
ǼɫƽһȻȺءĵ˼
Щ￪ʼǾֵ΢΢ҡͷ֮㲻Ҷ
Ƕʱ͵죬ȻӿһԪţݺݵĺƽһߡ
أ
͵һԪըֱ֮ӽǮǰĵϻƷĹ
ֻҰǱٴηڵϣƴĺݺݵͷ
ֻӥǱëһѣţǱץŽǮԴҲƴĵͷ
Ǻ⣬βһɨƺ췢˵һ㡣
ʱֻͬɫľǣǴæ̵ֻĳ˳ȥ

ʱ仺ţգۼ䣬ʱȥˡ
ʯͷһһ߼£ʱٴδҰ޵ĽŲ
Ǯǵһ˹ţɺͷȫغԭɫĸ˿̶Щ΢΢ڣ䣬ȴҧһֻ޴ĻڷӲЫӡ
Ы̬󣬹ӶСǾ綾ЫβȴǱǮĿݲࡣ
Ǯʹ಻ӣ֪ץֻЫӣֻʹ˰ٱֹ
ϻҲˣ޴βĲһֻɫľ޴ڻܱڻҧϻƨɣϻȻļţƺʹһ㣬ǰ
˭˵ϻƨãϻƨѾ׵ǴͷҷŸƨʵʵĲվǰĵط
ǲӥȴǵһ޴ɫߣҧߵͷĿǣܲӥľĲŲӥȴҲŷ˻µʱ򣬼һͷ
ţǷֱҧһ޴ͷβҲƺ¶ˮһ㡣
ֻǣֻһֻβͲסһֻ޴ǰ׽ܵͷһֻǲסֻܵȣǱĳ
һȥƺ⣬ʱ΢΢ƽһȻȱȴǴҰ޴ͱɽȥ


073 嶾ԲСʸҩ
ʯϣȻȴȻ͸ȫıֱ֫ȸȫʧȥ֪
ʱѾȥ˸ʱˣţ׾֫ŵ֪ȫûκ֪ת󣬶壬ȫ
ǣѾָˣܾԼԼϵֻǶֵˡ
ĬĬ̾Լû
ŤͷһѾѺ۵׵ģҲ΢΢ֱּزԱǰʮ꣬ûнʮþĶǡ
н˸κν΢΢һ£㲻ٶ
ҲɿЦӣ֫вⶼ޷
пʱ׺ȻԼ̼زһĲڳ׶ʱɻ
Ƭ̣Ǳٴγ׵ǰһ̵ǣǵ⣬ǸʤĽԴ̵ϸߣȻʯվţӸµĿȺޡ
Ȼ޷ȴǴӲ͵ζȴǿжϳȺҰвӥͻǣǹȳζȴڶ֮ĶԣҲʹ׺֡
΢΢һȻߣβһɨʱױ޷Ƶĺ˳ȥҪײǽڵʱһɹȻ֣ʹɲǼ䷭ÿǽڡ
һ̣һۿȥŴһ
ԭǰ޴ȫߵĽǮоҧһֻ綾ӴЫӣЫӵƽЫӴֻ²ʮֱ״𾪡
ٿһ״СĲӥȴһ޴ɫ˻һġԴϳ˸޴ĽɫĢһߣײǵһ
ٿһǿֲɫϻײɵۣϻоҧһֻ޴ıڻ
ڻ
׺Ȼˡ
һžϣһҩܻˣ׹ǣĲϣҪ嶾
νƶµĶﵽһ̶ȣܴ߷ȫǱʹͬڻһϵβͣҲ
ֻǡҩҪɫıڻΪҩҪ嶾Ҫνĵʱǳٸҹƶɣ£ǣ
ײȷˣ֪ԼӦоˣӣǺ
٣Ľ֣Ҳһѣһᣬ̬ƽ
ǵƣƺһҰ޷׷վ࣬жӵʿڵȴһ㡣
Ǻ⣬ĿƣĴһۣʱֳ˳ȥ
һΣƬ̺ǾͻˣǵβͣȴϯһͭɫĹŶ
ŶβܣڵĦʱ򣬷޴ĻǺͳƴ̶
Ŷʮֳأƺٽǲֻһ׸ߣһ׿
ͭɫŶܰ˸λԿŰɫĿľ̬
ǽŶڴģȻβֱһ㣬ݺһɨˡһŶȻǱβû죬ӱƵĺݺײһһ㡣
ʱףǶһʸС
Ҳǲɴ󺧣ⶫҪóȥֻҪ㹻ֻܵȺ֮ãɱһȺ˰ɣ
ƵһվȺ޼ȫֻļ£һͷԵڵء
ƺ⣬վڹŶߣΧȺһۣȺƽ
ǮƺȻ⣬һ𣬺ݺݵĽеЫǹͭɫĹŶڲʱЫӾҵĲϿð̣ȴ˲䲻ϵСȭͷСһɫȴڵͬҹ֮ĺɫС
һ̣ϻ͵ȥȻͬĽеıڻ˽ȥ
ߡܡ򼡭
嶾ȫŶ֮֮󣬳ȫС֮⣬ŶûбֳκεԣǹŶڲȴǿʼžս
һ̣Ŷƺһ޴սһ㣬׵Ŀ͸ŶԵֱŶڲһпʮ
ΪʯϸߣŶλƫͣȻ
˿̣嶾ǸԱս֮嶾ƺȫһ㣬ƴɱţǲҳ̶ȣףһѺ
һ˺ҧڱڻľڻβͣݺݳܵԴϣܷһֱԴϣߣȴһ㣬һٽĴȫĲĲţǶЫӣȴЫβݺݵĴߵߴ硭
ⶾ֮սٶȿ죬ֺ飬ƴһ£ҲҪԷݺһ£׿΢΢Ҳ̫ˣ
ֻǣõĲŸոտʼƬ̣嶾ȫɱǺҰȴԱ߿Ľζ
嶾ȫˣǶʱҰ޵˻һһҰ޵Ⱦ˫ȷȴƺҲӡ
ʱεķ׷ʵʵߵŶǰԴݺݵײŶֱײѪ̧ͷѪˮų嶾ʬ֮С
ɫͻǮٵӥ֮ǿ˿ƥǣ΢΢ԼߵŶǰԴݺײȥ
أһŶһͷ˴뵹ѪףȻ䣬ȴһᡣ
ѪͬСϪһ㣬嶾ʬ֮УƬ̣΢΢̧ͷüͷһ壬ͷϵѪʱͣ
΢΢üǿŶ֮еɺɫĻðźɫĶ΢΢˼
Ƭ̧̣ͷɻĿףֿ˿ֻǣβһɨָס
ֻƺЩףȴȻӲͷƤǰÿֻǾǶȻºݿڣҧ׵һֻŻһϣ
Ȼʯû֪ʹ࣬ҲȻܵģʹʱʹĸоֽŲûжϵǸؼȴҧ˶ڡ
˫ֱ˺ˣ˫Ҳ˺ˡ
ȫȴûһѪʹףԭԼˣΪ˲ԼѪȥӣǣƺţ
Ŀʯ׿Цԭʯãԭ֮ǰǵЦݣڵԼܿɡ

Ŷ֮вϵðỤֻ̃Ǵ׵ֽ֮ų³Ԫƺڽ裬ð죬˿ףŴҡڵ˹ȥ
ݡ
һϮ׼̸оϵ·ȫıƿˡ
룬һԪʱ׵ĶƤԪӿ룬ͬڵһ类Ԫһ𣬶ʱγһԲһĿռ䣬Ƥſ
ӣ׸оԼĳӣƺˡ
ƺصŶߣȻ˲͵һβͳڹŶϣŶ͵һʱ£ڲһһĽҺȴ˲ױĶƤߣպýǶռ֮С
һ̣оԼǰ׻ĳڶƤⴵ磬ڲȴš
أһŶݺݵڵϣٴγֳտҲģôĶ֮ȴǻ˲һһôķУڰ嶾Ǿ޴޵ĴѪ
֪޾ĿǽڣֻʵЩ˼Уر࣬ҲȻˣֻҪ
˼ţƬ̣˺Ѵľĸоʹ֪ҩˡ
ͬһ㡰ĲϺţⲻϵðźڰɫӵ壬¶ȣҲڼĻţһ̣֪ԼӦоˣǣȴǺȻԼХǣ䣬γôණԼ᳤ʲôްɣ
ôһ룬̵һ˿ƺЦеǣ׺Ȼãһ̣еһУʮֹ


074 桤һѳ
ɽ֮¡
̥ܿһ㣬ȫɵһƤԭİ˰̵ȣȫʧˡ
òָˣҸʤ
˿̣ȫɢŨͷ𽥵γɵƲһ
ԱĿţһ̣ܿʵپһ㣬ҲʮֵĸˣȻ˿ܿʵʦ۷壬ֻҪٿԽһܽ쾳ˡ
쾳ֻ֮Ҫޣ˱壬ҪѶǲ
Цţ룬Լʹǿż˱ö˵ط
ЦݣܿҲŵϲá
ô죬ѾףԼʦǴ˵֮У޳ʥʥˣˣ̬֮ϣ˼𾴣Ƕǿߵ𾴡
ʦͽѾﵽʦ۷ʵˣȥܣܿС˵˵ĿĿӡ
ӿܿһۣɫ΢΢һʦ۷徳磬δ磬ɽ£ϲȥҲ²ȥ㣬ֻصޡ
ܣ˵ӦûµģȥҲУԲǰڣﵽ磬ҲͿԳʦˡ
ȻϧܿǸĵطҪڵӵġ
ʦʲô顯磬ֻǵǧɣܿɵԼҲ֪ǧ꣬Բ̽ʵ
Ӳмʲôǧ꣬Ŭ㣬ʮɣǧʱ䣬Ϊʦҩô㱾ٶȱڳˣټΪʦķѪǧʱŪһҩЧֻҪ쾳磬Ȼˡ
ڿԽ磬㱾˵ΪʦȥǴŪҩӦúܿͻƵġ
ʦǧıҩǻͽϡܿһůʵϣ˹󣬴弱ı仯֪ܿԼ˲õĶֻû뵽Ǵ˵֮ʹýм嶼Ϊ֮ġʥ
ⶫı̶ȣʵǿ˲˼ĳ̶ȣԼȻһţܿидȻ
ţҲ֪ͺãΪʦ㾳磬ûҩȻܽΪȥȴױħ֣ҲûãΪͽ׼ģҲĪҪмˣúҪ֪쾳֮󣬻Ҫɡ۶Ԫת䣬ܴ
ν棬һѳɡˣȴʵѵá
˵ţֺⶮ¶Ưıͽ޺ˣǵŮǵͽġ
ʦ˵ʱȥҩôܿЩԼǷԼС츳ˣҲȷʵˣֻ뵽쾳֮ǰ˼ľ磬Щġ
ȥ濴ҵףûΣղŷģʦģܿ޷ȥ㽫ϣڵϡ
ʵǸߣΪʦҾԲĶ־ˡ
ΪʦΣʱʱҲḻǸʱǾ֮еˣ֮УչߣǾ˱ᣬҾôһͬҲûɱˮˮ
ʱ޷ͻƣǡһߣλָ㣬Ϊʦ֪Ƕҩġ
Ϊʦҵռ˴ҩģȻĹ࣬ǲŴӦƵģֻǵҩģΪʦһǧŴλõңֻһš
Ϊʦÿ޷ͻƣҩóȴ᲻óԵ³ԵԺƿûͷˣֵ޷ͻû˴УһֱΪ˽ͽļ񡭡
֮УҲûʲôԼһЩ¸ܿ
ܿףԭǣǻۣʵҲ˵˵á
ʱףܿҲȫķˡ
ʦ磬ʦһĸˣ಻ࣿܿбͶӵΪ˵ľ壬ӵƺָĸˣƺǣǿ̫࣬ǿĴڣֱܿôǿ
磬ܸӣڸ˶಻࣬ɵѾͷ㵽֪ˡи̾˵
ǣʦָĸˣҲϿ𣿻᲻ָʹǾܵأܿĵʵ
λˣӦòᡣ
λ˺ǴǧҰɣڵҩΪʦ֮ΪʦҲûмУΪֻѾ˺ܷ˼ľ硣˵


075 ĹΪз
˵ŻܿҲǶʮֵľͬʱҲ׵һʵȻһжǰͬ
ֻǣԼ飬ܿһֱЩɻ
Ȼ֪Լ츳ʮֺãǼ֮ڣ峤ĺǬĳܵŮ浬Bʶǲ֣ѵƫƫԼ⣿
̲סܿʳԼеɻ
ʦ˵ʲôжأܿʵ
һѰ׻ĺ룬ЦֻЩ⣬ںѪҺڲֳɫĹ㣬һڳʱ֮ѾйΪʦ۲ɫ㲻٣Ҳⲿնʵһںڵġ
ȻȽϡȷʵѾ֤ʵˡ
ӱȽԺĽ͵Ҫ֪յһͽܣǿ治һ׵顣
ܿģȴ΢΢Щʱȫ׵ԼԭˣΪȹƹ޸˹ʱȶɱȴǲֻԼʮԼˡ
뵽ףܿɻľϲɷһ˿ܰĻ䡣
࣬ȴȻ֡
ܿԿ϶Լԭȴû˵оԼʦеϣܿȥǿѾ¶ϵġ
ܿĬĬ¶ģԼǲһἫ˵Ŭ

ʯˣ죬ȫڼʹĥ֮жȹġ
嶾ڣȫ˿Գܵ˵ġ
һ嶾ֱײȫеľ綼ȫƻɸɾ׵ס
ģʯϣ˫֮ͫеʯ컨壬ְףֺڣȴǲϵţƺԶûоͷ
ȥȻ󱻾޴Ĵ̼Ȼֱ޴ʹĥĻȥ
ӣ治˿Գܵġ
ڵתʹѨʹͬû壬ʹ࣬ǷŴһ
ཬһĶŰҹڲſʼڻҺһĶȻٴڸʱһȻĸоһĳ׵ġ
ԭѵľ磬ʱеԿԸоٶڼѵĹͷҪĹͷʼеѵЩ޷ĲѪ֮ӵ㣬ʹȫ¶ദλʼ
ʱ̣ǱҧϵĿȴǸպʹЩĹͷҵ˳·ʱŹЩѪȣȫĳЩҧĿųƺѾƺ˵һ㣬岻
ԼĹͷĳǴѪǴѪ֮е䣬׵ģҲһļͲ
㳡棬ǣѾֻǵˣȫΪǵֶ𺳣ǣҲûпĿ⣬Ǵ𾴺;壬ͬڿһλ˵õǰһ㡣
ֻǣȻƺʮִѧʶʮԨƺͬⲻ˵Щ񾭲죬ױԿʱĪķŵȺ޲ѲҶ״̬ѹֲֶҲľ֪ǻ᲻ȻԴ󷢣Լ˺˵ԡ
ĹǺܶݣƬ̺Ǳָ˹ȻǶ°
ʱ𽥵ţµĹͷ֫ԵĶС˺ܶ࣬ʱҲûгʹ˿ֻǳʱʯϣȻʯЧãɳĳѪʣȴȳѵһɹɼ˵ĸܵζ
ԼЩ޷ܡ
ƺҲ޷ȳζɫüšһߣϸĶ׿ֿƺϸļһɫβһӣȺ뿪
һΣԭԽԶĴ׵ĶУʹףȺޣ뿪ˡ
ʱţתۣȥˡ
֮Уһֱʯţ˸͵Ұ֮⣬Ұ
ֽſȫˣվˡ
֮ڣԭ˫ֺ˫ȣȴ³Ĳ֣ˣֽǿȻЩۡ磬˶ƺܵȭʯһ㣬ʵ˵С
֮ԭֽǿֽ̫ţʮϲ
꣬Ȼһֱڱʯţ׽ڶɳĻᣬԭľٴεĴͨʵҲȫĵԻָ
ʵָ֮׵Ҳûϵң׼תһ¡
վȴǷ֣ǣ֪ʱѾٴε֮С
ƺȫĿˣ̧צӣָָȻָ
׶ʱף㵱Ӱ
ҲĴһۣǶȻһʱһʱһɾ޴ĿХԭȳùζȴ˲ıϯ𣬶ʱԱߵĲҷ˽ȥ
һ̣ʱ˲١
Ǵ˸Ƿҡҡβͣʾ׸
֪ƺʲôʱǰС
ԼĪʱʱ䣬ת˲֪һ
ϸ˵ȷʵһ޴ķĹΪм䣬һ޴ʯףʹ׳ԾǣʯףȻһ޴ʯ
ʯףʯͷ̳ģʯ׳һģ£ϣǰȻվһˣͷ˫ֻؿڣ˫Ųһ㣬Ƽ˵Ӵ󣬵ȴԵʮֵĹ졣


076 񻯡1
֮˵ʯһһˣǳһָоһΪ֮󣬶ڽĸо
ĬĬߵʯǰȻվɫצӣʯϣĸ¡
ǶǳרעģΪܵ˲ϵĻҳһ
عͷǿһۣĿ֮УǶ˼ֳصꡣ
μһ˲ȴƺˣʱ۵ԭ
ԭ򣬱ʯ֮С
ĬĬĿһۣƺ档
΢΢ȻϸʯףȴǺȻһǰɫĸֱһβͺݺ׳
͡
ռĿǱѸ͵ٶȳıը
ٶȣʹÿռĿһΣѾ˵ˣ£ǵٶȺֻ˵Ĳġ
һûܣʵϣҲûκЧģǣ֮ƺһֱ
׺Ȼƺǵ˼
ΪһλǰľǺβʱ׶ʱʯǰ
ǣǧһ֮ʣʱβջأǾ޴ľ磬ʱʹϵѾǲ·ٴѴ롣
׹ǳ˻һƬ̣оǵѪɫĹâ˸ţƺܵ˴̼һ㣬ۿҪ衣
ֻǣȴŬţһͺ˲ĳ˳ȥ
һ̣Ȼãǣܿ
ʯˣֻǺǣż˵ϵȻΪǣΪһߣǲġ
޷֮˶ٵܺѪᣬѪɫһ׹⣬ȴľ
ˣŵ֮УʯĹֻˡ
׳ĵĿͷʯǰվ
ʯףһһƺܶصĽˡأߣƺ֮ϳһ壡
ء
ǽô
׵Ŀ⣬Ĵǰʯ׽˫ֻǰĿԶƺǰû۵㣬ǣƺǰˣǱĶ
һ̣׵ģݺһȻ䣬ƺЩϤ֮УƺЩף⣬ӦһְȻľ硣
ʱ׺Ȼ뵽˽֮Уľ֮ʡ
ԵõÿջʹޣԾѪ꣬ѪпѪ֮Ȳ㣡ֻǣ򣬵õΣ֮Ѳ٣ֻһ֮
֮мǣ

õõ
ʲô
֮֮
ʲô
׵ģǺݺһȻѾ֮
Ȼ䣬͵ıһɼ˵İϲʱٴιʯǰ
һ̣ƺˣǰʯ׽ܿǡ
֮Ѳ١
ǵߴԼʮĴʮߴȴǧ꣡
ţʱ²õ֮գӦңˮǧңܿĵط
ˣȴ˽֮Уʯף̶ܴϣӦĽڣ
ײ²ţܺȷȴԼףΪʲôǻԼˣⲻΪԼΪ죡Ϊ
Ǵڵ£ֻǳķ˼ںĹϵҲ˵⣡
ԼݣȴмȻܶͬǵɱ֮ŭ֮ǲرԼݡ
Ʋ˺ܶԣȻеĿһһƬƺʮֵ˳¡
Ȼ⽣ڣǲķĹȴǺ˵
ǲǣ׶ٴιһȻ˹ȥĿͶעʯ֮ϡ
֮ɫʵӴ󣬸ԼףԼʮףֱԼΪʮףһ˵Ĳһϸ
׿ƣȥ⽣ҲֻסһС롣
ʯɫɭȻԳֹͿ񱩡
³ɳףѾﵽʮ꣬ȣҲ˳ըһļѾߴʹԵʮֵĿ
㣬ؽ
ǲڣ׾̽һʯ׽
гţӿҪ֪ʯ׽ǲ죬õʵ취ǽĿؽ
ȻѾ߳ɵİգʯ׽Ľڣ
ڽƿأףģȫĽԲĵزˣȻʯϰ꣬ȴǶϰżǿĸãȻ꣬ȴʵڲƽտ꣬˵ǽǺֲܿġ
ȣ
˶Ȼ˳ⶸȻǿĽ⣬ݺݳʯ׽֮ϡ
ˡ
ʯ׽͵һͱڸռ䣬ȫĶ͵ĲҪһ㡣
״󺧣ɫҲǵ䡣
һ̣ȴǡಡĴһ쫷磬ƺһ׹
ʯ׽һȴȫ࣬ǣģȴҲ˴أ
Ȼ죡ʯ׽Ȼ죬ҲĽڣ
䲻ݷʯ׽ȫķˣ˫Ѫ죬ƺݡ
𡫡
͵˻һ˷ŭĶס
׺󱳷ʯ׽صľ޴һ˲䣬ʹо
ȫѪԭǿ̫࣬ƿرͲϾڿؽͶͬңǿָȴǲûж೤ʱ䣬һ̣ңʱ㼫˿񱩵ı˳
мַ꣬ʮȷŵĽȻƫһбü˹Ĳͬʱ׵ģˡ
һеȫı߸
Ѫڣһ̣׵˫ֺ˫ȣȴǺȻͬպһ㣬𽥵ıͨ壬ƺǱһ㡣
͡
ȣȫķ˸ǿȵȻ죬ľ
һ̣ƺһʮֹ״̬鷳ꣿ߻ħ

һ̣׷֣һֹ״̬Ȼʶѣ˫Ⱥ˫֣ȫ޷ܿء
˫ȭͷţǳǣݺһȭӳ
䣡
ڡ
˫£ǵĳķף˫ڵϣ׳ӣ
ǳɫʯͷӲ֮ȴǻĽٵ˿ֲ
׵˫ȣȴûκε˺
ǣȴǱһȭҵĺС˫Ķף죬ʮַ
˫˫ȫܿƣʱˣ˫˫Ǹκ˲٣Ҽǿ󣬵ǣ£֢Ͼͳˣ
ǣʲô״ŭȵ
£ȭǼʶˣǵʵʮֵף٣ԳԽ쾳۷ֵʵ£Լȴǵסһ
һԼƿԼ˫ֺ˫ȣ⹥ǶôĿֲ
ţʶԵûңǱ˫ֺ˫ȿƣȴǶ˼ֿ񱩺ͻͷͷһսǣƺȫ޷ĥ
ϡ͵ķһĹֽУƺʶǰ֮˲򵥣ʱɫâһ̣ǿʼ仯塣
֮͡У޶˵ĳż˿񱩵ľը֮һ̣ڵķƺǵĿ񱩱仯ȫĵȼˡ
һ̣ͬ¶˳
ϡ
ͬļ˻һ˫ȭգ˫̤£嶸Ȼͦȫպһ㣬ɢſ֮˫ۣǱùѪ죬ͷҲɲǼ䣬ȫĻΪëһɫ


077 񻯡2
һ̣׷
㣬ؽƺȫ޷˿ֱ۵ľ޴󱬷;޴
״̬谵ͳЩŵĿռ䣬׵ģȫ˷
ʶʮֵѣܸоԼʲôǣ˫ֵĿ񱩺ڵķڵѪʹֻúõսһΣֻݺݵսһΡ
˵ⲻսһɱ¾֮⡣
嶾ÿһ֣Ķÿһֶ֮еߣгֽɫɴ˿ɼ£ٳ꣬嶾ͬǿѪϣĶʲôײ֪֪ⶫڷɱ¾֮嶯ס
ؽãᣬ׺η˲˽Ƴصľ
ءؽ
ƵĲ㣬ҪĴͨ͵ضأأҲؽĹؼ
˻֮֮Уʱƺȫıˣ״̬˾бըļ⣬ƺһɫƤĹϣͷ֮⣬Ľṹ˵һ޶
ƣߣ𵤾磬ܻΪΣԪӤ֮ܿԡ
ߣ𵤾磬С
£ǻΣȴΣȻﵽ𵤾磬ֻǣԶ
̤֮顢Ķں󾳽磬֮󣬱ǽ𵤡
ﵽڶصһ㽣ľ磬ɽ硣
ʱ΢΢һԱȣѾףԼǵʵ࣬ʵ̫
˫ֵıǿҲǵĶ֣οѾˡ
ǣƺ侲˲٣ȴȻս̬Ȼ䣬ƴǣǳ׹
ֻǣԣĳѾ˺ܶ࣬⣬Ƕڴ״̬׵ʵ̽
΢΢һݣʱףǱ𽥻ָ̣Ѿѹ˷
һᣬױͲ֮ᣬβƳĲ㣡
Ȼ佫һֱ֮ڳѨĹУ˫Ⱥݺݵһŵ档
꣡
ʯʱһѣˣͬڵһݺݵ˳ȥ
ݡ
н֪ǲᱻԼɱʱȫ籡ʮɵž춯صƣݺ¡
һ˿мצһסҿµĳʱ͵ķ
ꡪ
䣬ʱȫı˿һɼ˵ݺݵȥ
ء
ݺݵײ׵ؿڣ׶ʱ˳ȥ
ͣסһ޴ǧѹʹԼӿ£һŲ¡
ǿĳ壬ײƺݺԼسȥ
䣡
ȫ͵³ڴڵѪ˲䣬޴ıʹ͵ض˲䲻ƿֱըѿ
ͨ˴ͨˣ磬ȴҲˡ
Ƕ˵⣬㲻ʲô
ĬĬĿף侲ûлָȻǣҲ޷ķ̼
ףڵıͿȻ޷ʱ͵һ˲䣬ٴγ˳ȥ˫ȭգϵĳǺҶ¡
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡

ûֻ֣ƾ׵ȭͷϣüͷûһ£ĿֻͶעʯ׽ϡ
ãڵӴڻӻһգƣĵڵϣʹ֮
籬ѵʹɣһ̣ȴٴͻˣ˽һصĽĲ㣬ľ硣
ĬĬйƬ̣ǿظʹƬ̺ľе޸ԼĪʱľ磬Ѿָ˴롣
̾Լ̬ĻָȴǺȻһѴʯ׽ϣȻϼʱ޴¡
໡
˻һֲȻһᣬʱռֹ컨ʯʱҲƺʱ̮ڵΣա
һǶȻѾ׸ߴʯ׽˳ֱ趯ռ䡰ء졣
ͷĿѣ类׺ըһ㣬ʱҲɴ󾪣иոƽϢĿ񱩣ٴεı޽趯
״󺧣ȴǺȻ佫޽Ȼ˹һ˫ȶȻʱԼĪʮףһ˫ֶʱ·סľ޽
͡
޽һ׵֣׵Ϊ֮һֱȹʱѹĿֱ졣
һɽѹ˫һ㣬ʱ¶Ȼ³һ˲䣬޴ѹʹ׶ʱԼף
޴ĳʹֱڵе˽ףȫĽʯٵĺǲһ̣ײſվȡ
·ѾòβȲλҲϵըѿʯͷ̵Ѫģ
޽˳أ״˿̵ͣ˫ֵľ޴󱬷ȴȻ޷޽
վɫԳһ˿ο֮ɫָָʾţȻ㳯ŵȥ
жʱף⼫˳صؽߡ
䲻֪Եɣһҧ˫ϣһѹȴ˲١
ž޽ڵϣÿһΪ֮һ׾ô


078 1
Ĵţ׶εĹ㣬·ǽʱ·
ԼĪʱ洫˾ĺ¡¡ģ
ʹײٻϿµĵˡ
ϿȣӦ޴ĺ֮£ֻΣյѧṹʵںǷ˼
ȻǶܻ״̬ٲᴩϿȣҲᾪ
һǰĶڳ֣ţ˶ڵʱǺȻ˫һţʱֱӴⶴڣԾ˰ͱмϡ
棬һ޼ʵıڵ޷ף֮⣬һ㣬ȻӦٲڲͱڣȴӦмϲ㡣
طףȻȻɵģΪĻȷʵԵʮֵĿֲ
ӵɽ֮ױѾһкͽȫͬûж룬ɻģοԽ׵ͱھ롣
ܿϿҲԵúܶͣԶԣգǱȴһĺõطֻҪСĵ㣬ԴбϿȵ׶ˡ
ֻǵطȻãܽ⽣ڣѾѵˣǳȥ󣬾վ棬ĿڴĿס
Խͱڣǻָ˱֮ǰģٴλ壬Ƭ̣Ҳ壬ǣȷʵǹġ
һؽĲ㣬
Ψһİ취ǽǧİĿؽ׼⽣Ͷȥ
⣬ҲΨһİ취Ͼ⽣̫
˺üȫǣһ˲䣬˫ֺ˫ȶ񱩵ٴαü˵ͨƺűը
ȡ
һ˫ȶȻµʯͷٴβܣʱѿҲȻǰȥ
ͱڱߣͬͶǹһ㣬˫֣ݺݵĽʯ׽Ͷ˳ȥ
͡
޴ʹ׵˫ֺʱСꡱĹͷ
޴ž޴Ĺԣԣͬʱֵʱصʯ׽ȻͶ˳ȥת۳һʵʰľݺݳײʯ׽ϡ
ʯ׽һȴǺݺݵļǰȥ
ֻٶȻӿ죬κʵʮ־ˣʮ׾룬ʱ³
һ˿ʧȻʱһӰȻ˹֫ͬʱͱıԵȻϥݺݵķ˻ȥʯ׽ߵʱβһȻһ
ꡱһʯ׽ʱ˾޴˲ĸ䵽˶档
䣡
ʯ׽˳ȥݺݵĲͱϣľʯȻ¹ȥƬ̺ûϢ
ð죬Ͽ²Ŵ΢ĺ
׺ȻȴȻ·ȻԾ˹ȥ
⼫˿ͱƽϣƽ̨ƽʮҳ֮ǰʯ׽µĲʯͷмʮֵĸɾ
׵˫Ⱥݺݵڵ£ͬʯƽϣƺӲ˺ܶܶࡣ
ͱϳֵƽ棬ʵʮַ˼Ͽȣһһ㡣
ûж룬ҲԸ룬֮ǰʹʯ׽Ѿȫ֪ʵһ㣬ԼҲס
еʧ׵뿴Լʯ׽ʹõʲô̶ȡ
ֻǺܿϧǻӻڵĿҲֻܽʯ׽Ͷʮס
ǣȴһ㶼ûоɥʵϣϣֻ֪ҪԼиŬһıƳԼǱϣܿվ۷״̬ġ
Լ귽ʮ꣬ȴѾﵽһ۷Բ磬ֻҪܿʦ磬ǰ㾳磬ԼڽƿأһԲףգۼȡԷ׼
˹ǺȻֱ¡
΢΢ȻֻƬ̣Ǳ³һֻŵĽɫıڻ
ɫıڻȫԼ׳һֻС˵һ㣬ֻٶ졣
ǽӿ³ʱ㻯һӰ⣬Ͽȵٶȣ׸޷ֻһʧǰ
һβֱͬһ㶸Ȼɨ䡱һ㽫ڻҵķΣݺݵǰ
Ƕһ˸ԵĶɫ࣬һᣬһӿģʱݺݵĳʵıڻץȥ
ҡͷ˲ǰצס׵֣ʱȻһԲеĶȻֱȻһЩӵĶ
ƺףǳ˼Ƭ̣۾һצȻڵд֡
Ѫʳ
廹״ӹżϲܿĹ׭֣ƺѾкܾõˣֻײȺ飬Щ֣ȴʶˡ
׼֣ʱϲ˹ͨʱм˵ĸ˵ģܶණȫ˿ѯʵĶˡ
иˣԼѪʱѪˮʪ˱ڻ壬Ȼ䣬ڻȫͬŨһ㣬ðž޴ḷ́壬Ҳ˲ļСɲǼ䣬ɫıڻһƹСĽɫࡣ
΢Цһ㣬װһʱȥ
ڻ׼дǽȴǶ΢΢ƣȻٵڵϻ֡
ֽС
ȻȴûǵĻͬд̫أ̫β
ŭд֣Ǳһ֡
һжʱȻ˫˫ŶԿأǽһֵֻĻ
ң⽫ɱеƣ
״ϲʱǻĿ֣֮ԽԽ񱩣µıڻ⣬ʱҲʼɢżǿȵ˫Ⱥһֻ޴漫ٵζһ㣬֣ȴǼͨ죬ͷĿʼըѡ
ͷըѣȴûжϣͬϸֳһ㣬ʮַ˼
ױ޴ȳ˲Լٴν״̬͵һţ˶ʱ䵽ƽ̨ͱϷ͵һʯ׽ϣһ羪׵𣡡


079 2
ͱ϶ʱʯ׽ţͱľʯʱѿȻȻ䳯ƽ̨¡
ϡ
ʯ׽ǿеİ˳˶һ˫ȸվⲢǺܶ͵ͱϣ޷Կص³ȥ
ȡ
һ׶ʱ˫Ȼϥݺݵһţ˳ž޽
䣡
˫̤ƽ̨ϣƽ̨һ𣬵ȴûйѿ
һ㣬Ҳ˵ƽ̨ȶͬʯȴǼӲ̫ࡣ
ʯ׽߻Ҫʮң崦ڷ֮УǵƵ嶾ʥҩıʹᡣ

ؿϣʯ׽Ȼ׸ߣͬһ͵׳һ㣬ʵǼ˵Ŀֲ
ϰֻ֣ǼȻѡ֣Ǳ֣Ҳף㲻ΪԼһ·Ҫǣû˻뵽ֳӵͺǿ

״һ˫һеıըƵֱ֣۶ʱһ࣬ɺɫ˸
һʯ׽ϣ׶ʱһ𣬽޽ݺݾٹͷɽļʽֱȥ
͡
޴ʹÿռϵıѹȵķ̶졣
ǲܣ޽µʱצȻɫļצ˾޽ķâ
ڡ
Ľ嶼ûжһ£ףȴǴž޽ݺݵĵ˳ȥ
أ
͵һײͱڱ棬پʯҲ׷ϡ
ۡ
һѪеݺݵڵء
һ̣ʮֵǱ
ǣƺĿԣ״һ
һסʯ׽һһȣֶȻȴǲʯ׽ò˵ĲһȺʹڹͷ˳

ٴ˻һٴεĽʯ׽ȥ
׼ǵã֮ǰԼ֮£һȭܽˣȻЩûϵǱϾҲˣ񣬿صľ޴ʯ׽ԷĶ˷ֺô
ʮֵĲʡ

ʱĶ֮ţײϵĻӽǣڶС
ÿϣǾ֮£ץ嶾֮еһ֣ʳʳķȻˡ
㣬ܿ죬¹ȥˡ
䣡
һα˳ȥ˫ȹڵأְڵڵϵʯ׽ϣȻ޷ܵĲţһεıѪֹ
һΣڽĳֻȥȫצ
ңˣ׻ۿצ֮ϣһɵ֮
ԼĽѾʮֵˣ¿һɽѾü˵ͣûȻѾޱȣʵҲȫľʦ־硣
ֻǣȻʵȻѾȫеĿ״̬ǣ֮УȻַ֮ȫһ˵ͣȻסǵһС
ףȻܴ
һ̣ȴǴ˸Ƿצצ۾࣬ĵĿһۣڵд˼֣תŶ˹ȥ
ʱǱ˶ɽ֮УܿʧΡ
֮
⼸֣һǱƤķ֪֮ģǿı̬֮ʯ׽ȫһ޷˵ǵ嶾ʱǽԴŹŶһײһͷƿˡ
ʹ׵ŶͣǿҲܿ¡
Ƭ̣Ķдصһʹз꣬¡
״󾪣Ҳ֪⡮ˣֻʵ£ԾС
ңǵǽⶦţڵţⶦĳء
ڣվͷ˿Ͽȣ˼ֳĬ
ϡ
Ȼ䣬͵˻һٴεı
ɫĹâ۵ͬ⣬ʹۡ
һ̣ٴλ״̬͵һƣ˫ֺݺݵıסŶȻ
ꡫ
µʯͷʱǴѵľʯʱ䵽֮¡
¶Ȼ˻һӰʱŶȥ
Ϊһ¶Ȼʹƽľʯͬѿȴǲ룬£΢΢𶯶ûУǾᣡ
֣ǶȻ¹Ŷʱƽ̨ͬͱڣ͵ĳƵһ졣
䣡
ŵһ㣬׵ģ׻̲סһѪ
ʲôͷ󺧡
ƣһεĻָ˱ߣצ׵ļʾȥ
һΣĿһ׸ҵģֱԼʮ׵ĹŶ
ƣģһҲЩж޽˻ӰٿһݺڹŶϡ
䣡
ȷٶȿʮֹױݺݵĵ˳ȥʯ׽Ҳ˲ӿеڵء
䣡
ѵ
ݺײͱϣͷͬ׺ըһ㣬ٴ³ڴڵѪзŭ֮
øǣ뺦ҲǣҲ֪ⶫ£Ǳƣģƭˣȫ
ŭ
̧ۿǣǾǲ֪٣οЦͱϵһڵϣʯϣԶˡ


080 Ұ
ɽ֮ϡ
ڴϺͷһˣȴȻʽ
ˣһһϢһ˾ʢȴϱһзϣֶ˽һһҹѾۻ軨ڴϣȴ֪ΪΣȻ֫ȫзϣȻͬѾһһҹûմһˮȴû˿ļУңƺĺܲ
ڵϣϵʹĥڴѾûĸоˡ
ڴҲ֪Լˡ˶ѾѪҺ֮Уɱͱɱˡ

ǧúͷɽˣҶʮΪȫıϳʱҲʮֵǱ
ɽϢһǧúͷɽ⣬ֶֿʣ
ɽ⣬ΣˣһΪȫıˣҲˣǴ˵֮еʥҩҲ̫Чˡǧñ̾ȴǲʵĺ⡣
ɽһֱû
ǧ΢΢̾һۼһ˯Ҳ˯ҲûߣǲҲԣң֮ǰɱǣɽƺƽУ˾ǲɽ
£˾Ƕ˫۷裬ȫٲЩԺȣֻҲˡ
ǧüƬ̣Ѿ磬ɽһ˿ĺ⣬ŵĳݺһ۵ĺâǧõԴȥ
ۡ
䣬ǧڶûзӦ㱻Դ
Ȼŵ˫ۣĹѪˮʱ
ɽͬһ㣬ʱһǧõʬ壬ʱҧʳ
ȻƣǷɽͱ˲ͬʵϣҵľܹȱԷΪϵƽ֮
Ȼܹɾ˫ģָڣڴ˿̵ķ֮УҲֻзɽһ˶ѡ
˫ٶȼʵһΣǼ˵Ŀֲ
Ǵ˿̣ϵȫı˷ϳɽʵٰ˳ɣǺµȴȻ
ֻǣһɽʹ֮¼ӣٲԶɡ
ԣԼҪõĶࡣ
ɽ⶯ɱġ
ңҺͷұ潻ãȴǻ¼ɣɽѾһ˲˳ۣ˿֣ѵǸϡ
ңкһƣʹ
ɽǧõĲѪ⣬Ȼ£ȴΪ棬ǿ
һǧʬ֮󣬷ɽƬ̣΢΢ָ֮󣬷ɽٴεĻصɽ֮
ʱ򣬷ɽ뵽ģɱڣΪѾϳҿӾֻǷɱ˵ĺá
ֻԼô˵ôݸңңҵǹʹ޶֤
ɽ˼ţͬʱҲԵĲɣ˵ڴȥѵǴ˵֮еġ
⡮ڽ֮Уż֮ˣĵġʥˡһʱǧϣΪ񻰵
ܶνġ񻰡ɽţǿѨ硣
ɽȥһ£ɽһ뷨ڴˣһ̬߱ĥ˻һǵǱԼǣ
ɽ۵ʱ򣬶ʱɽ㿴һ޷ˡ
ɽ⵱ŵ˹ȥ

ˣôôˣֵȷʵֻΪ˥
ųѪۣȴɫ΢蹫ӣˣ
ڴɫãһֲ԰׶ޣȻзϣΪҲϵˣȴްһ㣬ɽжʱһ⣬ڴϣˣˣ
ڴһߣССˣϷΡ
ôɽЦһһ¡
ۡڴ˫ĿԲɫı൱ķŭͲʣͷ­ȴ˲Ĺ
ɽʱȥǱϵľ
ѪѪ˵Ȼ޺ܴİ٣Ժ̶ܴǿȺֻҪ㹻ʵվȥģ
ɽз񣬽ڴϵѪһ㲻ʣ⡣
ݺݵĲ˲ѪɽоԼȫˣƺҲˣþ˲١
۾ɵôġǲ˼ķϣɽЦһҲȥɣ
ۡ
޵ϵͷ­ʱ˳ȥ¡
ɽҲ˫ȶȻ˵ʬ¡
׼뿪ʱɽϡĺɽ΢΢һ㶣漴һ˿̶Ц⡣
ֳֳݺһ³Լı߾͸ز̳
ۡ
ضȴû˵ڲκҪ٣ȫߵı͸ͨ
ɽҪֹסѨλô쵹أװ˹ȥģ
պãϱ˰Ѫڸ˵ˣҲȫĿ
Ƭ̣һѸֳһ֮´󾪣һʵǿǰ棬˹˲ֻ̽΢ʱϲ죬죬δ졪


081 Ѫ
ɽصңֱšѡ
ոѲãҼλϣԼҵĸλϣ˷ɽķ䡣
ԭȽϿķ䣬ʱҲԵмӵ
ӣɽϾʲôڼҴأһ߼ɽ˹ҲѾȶʵ
˻һжʱҲ
ɽ˼ųգۿѾڴϱƵ·ߣ׼ؼȴǲΪܿΪĹϣϴ£׺Ȼ裬ϧڴƴȴǱڴϺɱ֣ͬ¡
Ѿ˽ˣȴǲƬ̣·һߣĿ¶׹⣬˵Ǵޣȫ
ڴϺͷϵɫѿʾǸϽߡ
Ƕ֪Σתӣȴǲ룬һɣʱҺǧõλҲ֪ҷɽһΨ˫һȴǻһڣֻƵһʱըѣһӱԵܵǧȴƺˡ
֮λϱ߷ֽţԴ¡
ǧãȴǲ֪ȥ֮һУҲˡ
ɽĻټ٣ǱƵĵֶһ˵ѣЩһг϶Ĭˡ
ǵһˣ֮ҪȻ֮ǵ޳ʥϵߣһȻôӳ顣
Ī˵˼Ҫ롣
ð죬˵ߣȴٴ˵ˡ
ֶЩˣҲ嵹ùѾټ֮̽һźϣȫķؼĿܣң⽣ħ촫µһЩĵһĹ±Ҳˮɽׯ׻ֱ֮˷ŻˣҲǲܵġ
ҵֻһףɼԼûõ⹦ԻɢǬ֪һޡ
ֻǣ¼أܵõ㶫ƺңңңңΪһңֺ׹ϵܣû׼ңһеõʲôô
ûУң棬ܾӢۺܣܹ鲻˵µĶҲȻ
ңңң˵ĺܶ飬ܺǲϣ˻ᣬýһ
峤ңң£ڷ䣬¹ش󣬾Բйܣԣô˻ᣬǷųңҵõ˽ħþٽ֮š
峤˵
ңȻСʵźܲǰʱԣҳҵһͷҲңҵңңƺܵģңȻ
⣬ġ
ɽ΢΢һЦԼңƺңΪɺޣǱɴ֡
峤۾һа޵üı
һۣ׷׶Ÿ˵˼䣬Ͼæĳȥˡ

ǣϼ壬ϸۡ
Ųӣüͷšһ
ֳ飬Ѿȫ֪ˡ
Ϊһ˲䣬ҳʸ֮ģˣͼңᡮħ
ҵڽħµһǵزô
ܽÿôƴ书Ž÷ÿյǺǣҵӵģ̲סһĳ鴤
׺ܿ׹飬ڲѾ֪ˣֻǣ÷ܽĸŮˣȴǲ֪
̾˿оѶ
λϣǶա׳
峤㿼ǺûУ峤Īȴӱչص߳ʵ
ʲôߣڷңܿүڻʾȥѪ⵱ŭ
ƨűΧɣŭ
ֱܴӵĴ˳ȥ
ܼ̣ųõĲˮ
һ̶̣ʱ䣬豭ͬʱˤڵء
ꡪ
ˮͬʱڵϣм
˭
ŶȻˣӶŭĿӡ
үūͲˮʲôһڵء
ˣȥɡɫ΢΢̾ʲô˵ʲô˵Լ֪
ūףūˡ
ϱҵţƺ˲ȫˡ
͵壬ʧҹɫľͷ
ˣѪİɣ£ң⣬˵ýħ޽ħлԣ𣬶Ӿӳ˵ɫ˵į˵գֳ̾һڸ֮ۡУԼĸۡȥ
ϱĮȻ
һңĪڽ̧ͷ
ңˡ


082 Ѫϴ1
֮Ѫͨڸ塣
㣬İڣ壬ҲȻֹ˶ҵַҵҲһٽ͹ȡ
ᵽң֮ˣǲмһЦƺֵһᡣ
ҳǣңҡ
׼ţȴֺܶɶſţȥֻ̲סҪˡңǵǺͷŭĵ
ŴˡңҲǲ̵ֻ˹Ҵ˵
ңɽ΢΢ͷ˵ǽˣңңҲôױŵģ
תۿңңһۣңɽƬ̵һ𵽽֮£ôϻȫһΣһսҪΪңҵĽ룬Ҫ嶯


ңɽȻһ˿Ŀ⣬û£ңҲн죬ϧңˮϱ֪ȥ򣬶֮󣬿ʼû䣬ƶǼ縺¹ҫңҵΣçײ
ʵģٶһ֣ǵʵһжӲסαذװ
ǡ
ң񵱼᲻ܿƵµҪ̫ࡣ
ȥϼȻӺ˳ɫĵٲҺ峤ϣҲԭ㣡
ϼôˣ֣ߣңɽһ鴤ɫ
ʮķˣͬ벻ϼңȴԼңңң֮ˣң֮ϵ壡
ϼ

ңң۾ͨ죬ˮ䣬ȴ˲Ŀٵĳ˼ڲء
ңѾȺʱ˽ҲסһʱٵŽڲ֮µȥٶȣǼ˵ķ˼
һ̣ңңûע⵽ңϵʵлźȻ併ٵļĽѡ
µ谵ʪżʵĳֻ֮ǣңٶȼ죬Ӳͣ
ԼỊ̄ңһɣңңʱ˫̤֮С
һȴǵϳʪࡣ
Ҳļġˮ棬ȻûȫɹȴǽһЩ覴˲٣£ûжʱˣ˳ӴɽɽȥٳűȥҳǺͱǵķΧ͵˱ĮԵװ棬ʲôԲҪһҪסңѪ
ǷģԻᾡס
ң˵˿ת䴦ʱת뿪漴ĳơ
䣡䣡
£ʯ£ȫ
ϡ
ңң뿴ֵһܣֻˣȴѸٵԶȥ

ƶң·һС˴ңңϺңĳϿٵװš
Ƭ̣˱㻯ңңģ̬Ǿֹ֮
棬Ѿ˵ַ˻֮
ңĴϾǻ࿴˼ۣȻ˿ſڣң񡯺͡ң롯⣬˳ȥ
Ƭ̣ңϴĴϣѵϵĳۣ˳ɳ˽֮أĴһ汼ȥ

ңɽ԰ɱħͷףɱؼһ֪ڸģΪֶʹɱƼҴүɱٷ޻֮ɱǧùӣΣνͣǻߣ˿ȴȻ˵
ߣɱ޻ңңѴ̣ȵ
ߣңңĻħͷɱҰķ˵ö֮ҧгݵ
ԣɱؼȻѪϴңң峤ŭ
Ѫϴңң
Ѫϴңң
˾׷׽
֮УҡššҡɷšҵȽʮλҴˡ
ңҿʼԷҡšΪšѪϴңҡĿںţʱԭңҽõļɣҲ׷׵
ߣλˣĿĲԶ붯־ͶְɣؼңɽЦǶµȥðɣ
󵨣ͷ˲˶һϣ峤ʱŭȵ
һ̣˾͵İεһ䣬ʱб
һ̣ң˵ԼһЩĸֵȣҲ׷ӿʼ˲ҵս


083 Ѫϴ2
ۡ
峤еĳݺݵһңҵӵԴӣҲ߳һţϥǡ
Ȼ󣬵һʦ۷֣һȴֻвһֵʵʹŭ
ټԼĺǷеİȫ˵ļ˳ȥ
ݡ
һεĺʱңҵĵӵ¡
Сġ
ң񡯴󾪣Ѹٵĵңɽ
ۡ
һö̹Ѫ˿İݺݵĴ͸ˡң񡯵زһ̣ң񡯶ʱɫޱȣ
ңɽȻֻ֪ѾƶٰģȻʹѣʱһ㣬һеĽɱĵ棬ƶ
ȻƶѾߣǺңͬãңɽҲûнƶѾߣڣΪ˱ңҵѪ
ңɽбݣ˫֮УѪɫĹâһһģȻѾ
ңɽ־ܣҪȻΨһĶӣʹ䣡ЦţѾסˡң롯Ĳӡ
һ̣ȶȴʱͣ

ң롯ʹһм˻ƣȴĪı׳
ߡң롯Ȼһ˻ȣݺݵĳųĨȥ
ۡ
һһѪˮ䵽ϣһɣңʱ˵ϡ
ȺħҺƴˣϼһ㣬ٰ֮£ֻ֪Լĺˣ
һ̣ˣҲˣųҿȫû˲ûʽԭһֵʵ˿ȴȫûзӳ
ۡ
ۡ
ݡ
ͷ£һöž綾İӺʱϼ
ڵϣеĺޣôԣеĳôŨң
Ŀ
ңɽңϣʶʱΪܣ
ǣȫңϸãһֱƽһ̣ڷŭˡ
ܶ꣬ӱΪ޷һԼߣңϿ飬һֱûдϲ󱯹֮ǰ˲ȻֻǾãעĽѡ
ǿһ˵Ĳңϣڷŭˣ
ңĳϣҲͬʱվ˹
еĵͬʱĶˣǻ˱ĳ
һ̣кȻһʱмء
ߺȻվ˳ааЦң˲֪㣬һܲȴ֪㣬ʵ˵ãգҲ뿪
㣬ǻңɫ䣬ļаЦȻʹĳһӱˣ֮еԭԭһֱû
ǺǣΪȷʵû뵽Сӣǰ˵Ĵ֮һ֣ĺܺãܺãĺܺã˶
ƨңϴŭȵСˣϷƴˣ
˾ǲ죬޷˵Щʲô˶֪һңʵף˺ͻǰжԹ
ߣƾ㣿λϷдҸ飬ңϣϷһ֣֮˾ùʣ߰Ȼ˵
˾ǵͷǰģСȻ֡
ǰǸңҵĴôʲôǰ롭

һʱ˵ǫõĻʱǡ
ңһ̣ңɽһۣңɽһ
Ĵɫʮֲʮ־ĶȺˣңҸλӵܵȣҲ׷׽ңҳһ˻档
ôš
ܲʲô֣ʲôֱɱǵھ辫ѪɣңϺȻ¾֮
峤ʱɫ䡣
ܲЦһɺԣ㵱ȥľӢɵĸλɵӲɣң˹ףȴΪֽôУ̫ˣ
ңɫƽôңġ
ƻģԻڣ߶ʱ͵ĴңϵĻʱ֡
ԭûеɲǼ䣬ɫĵȴǺȻɱٶȣǿ쵽˼㣡
ңɫһٶȶȻ쵽˼£ȴȻһƿ˸߲ࡣ
ۡ
Ƭ̣ң屻ƿĲλʱһƬʼңɫһһɹʱǺɫ˿ڣð˴ĺõĲλȴǿʼָ
һ̣ңɽȻ·ˮ޺õޣ˲롣
˵һ׼ȥ׷
λħȻңڴ֮ǰлҪ˵
ԻڣߵҪ֣ȴǺȻ̬ǿӲǰҪ䣬ңϻ˵ٶ䣬νġ衯¼ټ٣Ҳøס
ʲô˼ܲɫһ䣬ƶȻѹȶȥ


084 Ѫϴ3
ۡһѪʱһһڵϣҪȥ֧
ܲ㲻Ҫ԰红汻Ҫˣ˲ߵѪ˷ŭĵ
ܲɫһˣңϵˣɫһԳֲֿ֮ɫ
ܲɫ˼֣յĪҪᣬңϼ޻ʮƣȻһܲ壬κζԷ߼޻УؼȴǱãʹڶȴʹ߿죡
Ц˭ɵӲɣǣйϣңϣʲôֱ˵ȻңɽӵĺǣҲӲģ
ңɫмֺȴȻλңǧŰ꣬ڵѪѾںˡʥˡ˭˺һڣȻܹȴ٣ʮꡢʮꡢ
ߣǧŰ꣬ΪȴΪ㵱ɵӲɣ峤Ц
ΪȷʵܵͣǧŰ꣬û˿ʵ֮ʱʥˡһʵֱӴӶֿ쾳磬ɾ֮ԴκǧŰ꣬޷Ҳʹµһֱ޷
һ̣ң֪Իܲʤ£ԼĴ϶Ѿħ󷨣ֻҪϹʱ䣬òɽԶһбˡ
һ̣˾˳Ĭ
⻪ܲǧǰǵѪħң֮ǰҲ׼ˣóģǳȡڵľѪִﵽ쾳ģڵѪǱȽϺõĲҩ⻪񣬱㷽
ǧЩλ֣ʧ飬νͣ
ңʵ
˻һ˾۷׷ףҲ͵͵ǻȴǲҶԡ
ܲʵ˲ϸ
Ϊٳ֣Ƿ֣һбеУԣ⻪ܲоη֮
ܺ⻪̧ܲͷͦ˵ˣ֮Уָ
ô쾳֮ʧңǲ֪үӳˣ֪
һܲǵѪħϷаӻͷһΪְ£ûʳһӵܣϷѪģ֤ףа鹹һܲӾ䣬úλ˰գ
֮У಻һʵѪģȴΪƷԼ˥ΪۣµԣѪһоųɾŵĿԱʵġ
ԣܲڳѪģңɫһ˲ҡ
ţңϲ㣬㾹Ȼ
ң˵ħգܲȻмĿң
ѪһܲΣҲͲˡ
Ѫ˵£ϣÿܸɹôأղЩʲô飬ҲԼ֪
ܲѪ飬ֻ۱ֻۣȡ
Ȼ˾Ϊڻܲݺʵ֮ˣ֮١
û뵽磬˹ңң죬Ҫûˣ
ɺңǧŰ꣬ңңȻһңҵǰǣĳһ죬Ҳңҵʱǣоң˶ǵ䣡
ң˿֮ѪڼΣͷңңȴͦ
ңңҪˡ
ǣˣҲЩ˺ù
һ־ȻңϿ˿λϣ˶ʱ˵ͷ
ųһУȴǷ׷׺˼
ħһְ壬ǿϸˣңЦһȻ׼ڵΪĲпʽħ壡
һ̣ͬʱ͵Ⱥȥʱ񱩣ңڣһ˲䣬ݺݵ͵Ȼը
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡
춯صıը֣ܲǱĳ˳ȥȴȻ
ĸֵ˳ȥߵңҵӣҲһ˲ȫԱ


085 ɽ
ⲻҪԱǺֲܿħħ󷨣ըǺ֮
ңңϣǻܲߣˣңֱ֮ǣ޲ʳ⣬Աᣬô׷Źˡ
ĴϺͼӵܣ׼֪ûлȥĿܣ׷Ա
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡
֮ǰɱը֮ɱըѪɵһʹɫ˲䡣
ıըҴңϱڵıըǼ˵Ŀֲ
ܲ߶ʱ㱻ӴľУͬߵķݰ㣬ݺݵĵ˳ȥ
УܲɫŤڵѪ
ֱۡɭ׵Ĺͷͷȣɢ£Ҳ̶á
ĸͬıըľУټ峤Ϻ͸־ӢʱĨɱƬΧĲ֣ȴҲ˱
ļˣ峤峤ˣˡ
֮£ңɽңңһ˴
Ѫˮ˳ŴſڲҲʬѻɽѪɺӡ
Ѫȣŵ֮ռ䡣
һܲȴɫŤߣңңʹֶΣңɽӵĺǣһܲҲҪ
ɫһܲ˿ǺмǱĸλ峤ϣˣңңؼȻŻ𣡡
˵ţԺȴȴŨ̵ȹڶȻѾ˷Żˡ
ңɽȻŻңȫ书ؼͲƲݣǺݣ峤һ󣬶ʱ˷ŭ
˾ŭͬҪ˵Ұһ㣡
ôˣȴǶ˿ڣ
գң׻ңҸۡܲŭ
һ̣Ҫй
棬һֱôţңң¥ȫƵճ˷档
Ҳڷ̮֮У𽥵Ľˡ
ʬδżһ£֮УܿɭȻİ׹ǣͲʵȻŷŭ顣

ˡ
ʯ׽ʯ׽Ѿڻ¡
ǰȻû˿ۼŶ¶һ˿Ȼ΢Ц
ĶŹŶң׶ҲѾȫմˣʵҲﵽʦ۷徳硣
ֻôһܽ쾳ˡ
£ֻҪֵİԽ֣Ҳţһ
Ե
׺š
Ȼ಻ϵ嶾Ĺ£ַ֮ʮֲֿȻ֮޷ɱ¾Ϳ֮״̬ȴǿԿƵģ
ֻҪ嶾ֱ㲻ᷢ
嶾ֿ񱩵ĸԴ
ʳ嶾֮ڵԣҲȫıѹȻԼˣǶ壬׸ƽˣ¹£Ȼӵĳӯȴûٳ
ԽϽ֮ģ׶ٶȵţҪʽֻõİԵɣڲϵ֮УȻļʽ
࣬Ҳ͸УһУǰԽѵɱڶУɱ
УԾ޴Ͻ𶯣һĹ
ҹҹײͣϰС
ǽ㣬ˣ㿴һΣ׵ȻЦһ㣬ʯ̨Ҳû˿ŽȴǶȻ˳ȥ

͵һ£¶ʱȫ˿һݺݵƽ̨֮£Աߵʯͷʱը˿
һ۵Ļ俪޴죬üͷ΢΢һ塣
ǣȴҲû׸оκεĲʣˣ׵Ҳһ˼ľ硣
ŶǰβһŶʱ¶˳ƽ̨ĴѾӿݵģǲˡ
Ŀһۣǲᡣ
ĽַǵĶͷϣ΢΢Цģǽ㣬ҳնɱ֮Ի㡣
£Ϊﵽƿ޷ͻ쾳磬ȥһ޲һӣͻƣ
ĿԵмֵ䣬ȴ΢΢ͷ˿Ŷʯ׽ֿһۣʾ׸
ףʱ黹ʯ׽͹Ŷˡ
ͱڲǽŶλ֮Ҳʯ׽ԭء
˿̣Ѿʮˣа˳࣬ƫݣͬһȴǲ¶â˫Ѿƽˡ
ٴǰӿ³һ̰ɫƿ׵УԴֱϲ˲䣬ֲĿۣ֮įת뿪ˡ
΢΢Щᣬǵãȴٲǰֻ̾˿˿ƿ΢΢ҡͷؿƤϵļ򵥿ڴ֮Уų˶
˿ߴͱڣ׽һ㣬ڽת̻ˣٵķȥ
һΣܿĳһҪңңҡңκ⣬ңȫűŰɣ׹һؿڵƿһöƤߣȻһЦĿƬ̺ƽ


 


086 1
˿̣߱ƤģƤ̿㣬ͷΪ̫һ̻ͷ鷢ǰ£ϸڵĺ֣ˣ˼㲽ӵζ
΢ǰĳ趯ʹż˵ĳĸо֮д˺ܾãڱͷųһ㡣
£һɽĿ꣬ɽһƬƬĿ֦Ҷ
ˣ죬ˡ
΢΢̾˿տҲ˫֣Ƥߣʱһʮ꣬һʮġɫ԰׿ݵꡣ
оۼһ͸ԱԼһԼòײٴЦˡ
£ɺܽǰҲʶԼɡ
뵽ܽвһĵġ
ȴϢ˳ȥңҿɡоϾȻҳǵķΧ
ٶȼ죬ʱٲ֮Ȼغֱϣ񱼶ٴλ˽ʱҳǱԵ
ѡһũ룬ȡһ׻㲻಼һ֮Žҳǡ
Ǻ׵͵ѡױȽİɫһ״ɫ޲ۣȻֵҿջҪһֺŷ䣬ŵʱ
ƱȻ뿪ңҵʱңҸģл֮࣬һöȻȫġ
һϴ֮ɫҲ𽥵ĺ
ĹϢСôţȻһɫȥߣͷ˲ĴӴ˳ȥ

ȻѾԤϣǵȻңҸʱȻݺݵһ
ңңԭⰺȻңң˿ȴӲݴݴ֮УԼɼ׹ɭȻԼɼ˫۴ݵĿն
ҹƺǲʵԹɱ֮ء꣬¡
һ̤Ӳݴķ棬һĳ鴤
ˣˣңҲͬĽ֣
һ̣𽥵ıÿ񱩲һɱ֮⣬ǿҵ
ãܺãһƬҡңиµɣӽտʼȴ޾ıգ
Ƭ̣֮ѹ֮
ԵúƽȴذңϣĬĬΪżŬĴϣĬĬĹԼͻݵңϲŴ۾ԼƶѾͷԼȴ־µң롭
ˣˡ
常ɣܽҲˡ
һ̣׾ɱҡ
ɱˣȻҪֻǣһ˺ױû˽
˿棬Զһɭɭȹǣ֮УںҹôĴۡ
˹ȥȹ棬ȹ֮ϣ磬ӲǳȻͷӦңϵġ
ϣϰϢɣģĳףһᱨģ
˱Ŀͷɢ˿ɫ֮ͷɢģֻӵ׶Ķ
һ𣬰׹ϵȣʱɢ
ĿǰɭȻ׹ǣ˲䳯ұȥ

־ˣʵõ˰ߺߣŮ֮ʵﵽһ־磬ڽϣе֧֣ͬҲڼ壡峤ںЦ
Ůǧú֮ŮһĹȥĵŬ˺ܶ࣬ںҲʮֵο
ϵ˵ĵλ׷ǰƽһλ峤ϣȴɴ󻤷䵱峤ϵĶӣȴʲʹںʮֽ٣£Ůͻһ־磬ں΢˿ȻǸˡ
£̫ƽٹ꣬ʮһȵļȣҪٴˡ
뵽ҵĽںһĲģҲȷʵûа취
£λϣȴѾչأںʵҲȻͣʦ־磬۷壬һ֮ң
д̿͡
ۡ
أ
أ

ʱҽʱǧʱ󾪵ˡ
ںɫһ⣬ܣȥ
ˣ죬ңˣãվſڣɫϣһѪûУɭȻ׹ϣȴǱѪȾ죬ٻɫ͵Ƶƹ£Գ۵ɺ졣
㣬˭УǣʲôǧʱŵĻʧɫɭȻɺĹͷɵз
ףңϵȹǡ׵Ȼɡ
Ȼ䣬׶ˡ


087 2
һ̣õģ֡
µٶȣµȻ䣬ӰȻں缤ȥ
ں󾪣ڱܣ˲ܿһ̣׵Ӱȴǳǧǰ
ֶȻԵǰŮľܶԷ񼫶˵Ŀ־һУ׶ԣ޶õġ
ϰԵʽˣҹĿʹ׵ʵͬ˵˵ãҲǴľˡ
еɭɭİ׹ǣȫûκͣݺݵĺǧԴ
԰ԵԿֲĽԿ񱩵Թ
ѵɱ
ĵ׳һʱԵѹȵռ䵽͡졣
أ
ݺһͷǧԴϣǧԴȻը˿
ʱһɰɫͺɫӵճҺĽ˲ͷǳƵһ˲䣬ںģݺݵһ
϶ұ㳢ȥζһ˲ǧ壬ŭһٴںɱȥ
ں磬ʵʦ־磬ףȴѾﵽʦ۷徳磬ң͵ɱаԽߵĸ͵·ӣǿֲ֮
ߣӵӰ⼫˹ں磬ʶǵ֣ӣȴҲӲ
͵ת㷢񱼣ںһˣϣױˣ
кݺݵһ˿ʵʰɱ⣬ٶȶȻ˼ޡ

ȻӿеɭȻ׹תţԼ˿ֲģʽ˲䣬ݺݵĳں˫ϡ
꣡
ء
Եʵ࣬ʹ׵Ĺںû˿ķ֮һ˲䣬˫ȱ㱻Ҷˡ
ںһµҵڵϣȴȻ˫ļǰȥ˫ڵϳɺѪۡ
׹Ƿ˻׵Уһס׹ǣӰٴζȻ٣ʱںǰ
һ̣Ժĸ־ŻΧ˹ԺڰҹԵʮֵĳء
˿⣬һźݺݲںԴϡ
ꡪ
ںסǿƻʵ򼫶˿ٵĶʱ׵Ľ³ͷ֮
һ̣ںȴǱǼײкסˡ
﷢ںû뵽ǰڱ䳡ϵСӣһֶѣҲһ㣬ȴǴﵽ˿ֲʦ۷徳磡
࣬ʵ̫ʵ̫ˣ
£ڴϺʵﵽʦ۷徳磬ںҲ֪Щ˶ǰĶ֡
ʮ꣬ʦ۷徳磬ںз
˵ˣң˭ŵģжɲμӣ˫۴˿Ѫ죬׹һһģɨķһۣŻѵĺˣһæ
£峤׽²ţǲ
ߣңѾţãѾ
һɫһȴ״̬£侲һɽʱںԴ֮С
һȴ䲻ʹȥ
˵
һ羪׹ݺںըѿ
ңû£ңңɶ
ں磬Сˣ̰
һֻѵһ̣еĹͷݺݵߵͷϡ
أһ߶ʱɡƬ̲أԴҵ˳ȥڿоͱը˿
ƺһӰٴεĽں˵ϡ
һУȴֻգ֮䡣
Զһ꣬ȴǶųж࿴˼ۣ߱һɫףȴ˲˳ȥ
ˣȥĺߣ峤ϵĶڰ
Լĸڰţȴ˲׳ң֪£ܽɱģֻй˸Ļǰˡ

˵ٴκݺһŲںԴϣںķԴһ̶ֳصĻˡ
ںһҽУʹΧ˴ʧɫ
˷׷׽䱸ȴǲԳ֡
㣬ңȫȫ˵ںһʲô˲ˣֻϣҪٱȲڵˣʹ࣬ͬһʵ
ֻвѡ񣡡׽ٴηһɾꡱһںͷͷΧˣһо˿־֮ɫ
ǡڣһʮҡңѪûܡѹںʵ޷ܣɲ˵˳
ҪҪĶںûκεһ̣ϣԼϽˣʹ࣬ʵǲ˿Գܵģ


088 ɱ1
׽Űɭɭȹǣ΢΢˼֣ȴǶȻһ˲䣬޴ֱӽںԴȵ˵֮¡
棬ʱҲѳһ飬ѵĵطñѪˮԽȾúײ
ĽԱߵĵϣ˫ɨһΧѹѹΧŵȺ
ڴϺϣԼһЩɫ΢΢ţϵĺˡ
һ̣û˸ȥס
һĮûн㣬ɱʵһ㡣
ӰԽͬ
һ̣ûʲôԣһΪɱ¾͸ɱ˻
ңһܴңںϻڣЩʿΧ׵ˣ١
ȻжΪ۷֣ȻһҲ٣Ȼͬλʦֺλʦ۷֣׵ǰͬ׵ĸһ
أ
ӰһĲӰ嶸Ȼһԣ׺ݺݵһͷλʦ۷峤ϵԴϣɱȻʹ
׹뿪һɨԱ߳һϣʱ˳ȥҵһƬˡ
һ̣Ǵʦ۷徳ĳϣԴڡءһѿѪԽɢ
Һƴˣһӵܿˣ˫Ѫĳ˹ӰһγӰգֱͬһݺݳԴϡ
ء
ֱӽԴͬһݺ߷˳ȥۡһƬѪˮ

ɱɱɱɱ¾һֱ˽һʱ
ֱȫ£ȫıѪˮȾϺɫ
ֱ߶ûһվʱ׿˿Զʱתȥ
һĿ꣬ҡ

ҹϰϰҹĺ˪£ʹҹ˼ɭĺ⡣
ܲڰվſڣŴԺ֮ѪɺӣʬǶѻɽһ˲䣬˵ɫǼ˵Ĳ԰ס
ˣ
ȫȻˡ
ңˣûлڡ
𾪣𺳣ڰȭͷû˵
ܲȴ˿׽֮⡣
˿ԶķңܲСӣҹȥţأСӣʵϷǵֻ֣ˣϷȥȡȼ
ڰɫһݣãȥֻ£ǵοСһ֮ʣ
ûаյ飬ڰǲģѾţԼĸ׸ձɱҲһ
ֲĪ˵϶ҪƼҵţѶҲڰһǱ֪˵Լҹӣš
ܲĿ΢΢һڰһۣͳһöϷȥȻɳɣ󽻻Ϸ򼴿ɣ
ڰ΢΢мּȴû¶˫Žӹһãˣ
ţٶȿ㣬ȻҳǣֻҪֵ췭ظˣܲУ˵ĻҲٻˣ
ڰһȴǹͷȻѸٳȥ
ְɣֵԽԽãԽԽãܲȴģ֮вŮ޷˵ʲô
˿ڵıܲӰһʱⷽȥˡ

֮Уɽȫϵĳ鴤ţĺɫʺ͹̵

һɹɵɽüë۳һߡ
⾫ѪȻǿ󣬲ָĵʵǵõ˿ֲľǿ֮ɽվϼʺѪ˿ĺɫˮͷʹ֮
޽꣬ڴϵľѪĵ޸˻ңʵһʦ־硣
ʦ־磡£ʲô¸˷ܣ
˫䲻⣬ʦ۷֣žɱ;綾֮£ɽҲаսһĨɱ
ǵģĨɱ
׼ȥϴ裬Ȼ䣬ⲿҽ֮ʱԼ÷µľ
ˣǿɽʶ⡣
׼ȥȻ䣬ɽ͵ͣ˲Ȼ뵽ڷػūţʵѾﵽһ۷״̬ȴȻƺϢķŵ
ɽĻ΢΢˼жʱ־裬ϳֵߣ̫𺳣
ԣɽ⵱֮нϴɾ֮󣬴һ׺ɫҹ£Ȼĳҡ
һ̣ɽǵѡڱ󣬿ʲôָҹϮ˵һʵͣ͵ϮĨɱʵһߣԼܣ
ɽа˲١
ڶԼõİΣͷβɽû


089 ɱ2
еİ׹ǺݺݻӶ˲Ļ׳嵽˷ǰ
ʱһȴ˲˹ٶȾǼ졣
º飬ѵɱʽʹеĳݺݵĺҶ¡
䣡
ϡ
ۡ
޴ֱӵĽӵĳϣѣҿ񱩵ҲʱʹһٹжʱһڰѪ
еĹͷԴȥһ̣ǷȴǺȻӵǰҪҪɱţɱҰɡ
ɭ׵ȹǣž޴Ľ˷µԴһ̣Դʮ׾룬׺Ȼˡ
޴ĽȻ˷µͷϣںڵ㷢ʱƮƣǰ۵ǰ֣ȴǺȻҲһѪۣѪˮ
⣬ֻǱƤˣ
Ƿ£׺Ȼʵǵãңʮֵҵķ¡
ңڴǰΪһ˵ʹ΢΢Щ
㣬ҪɱţɱҰɣԸһȴǹڵϣϵİ
С㣬ϸһūţһҲҪģֵСİһܣ֪ǰ֮ʵʵǷ˼ԼҲⲻһʱҲɸж֮Ŀ޵
Ƿ£ңϲŮӣٴѯһȴǼĬĬĵ˵ͷʹࡣ
⸴ӵʹױģٴε˼ִ
ǰŮжǣ֮УҲȫǻˡ
ɱߣ˺ɱ֮˼޹ȴġ
һ̣׵һˡ
߰ɣת˿ͬΧһȺˣٴδɱ䡣
һʱͬһʱ
峤ϡʮ󻤷ȣһѣȫɱ
ңͬûκεĻڡ
һҲ˶ãΨһģֻǷˡ
ҹĴţһ飬ʹҹǲһĲ
ƺҪˡ
΢΢ֳ⣬ɫĺ˪Ѿ£ֻǣ˪ٺҲǲסӵѪȡ
̤ÿһ䣬׶ûзַɽټͬңûзǧõټһ
֮У֮У˼š
һĿ꣬
˷ҵţȻ䣬һӰһʱס׵ȥ·
ˣǿ׵ĵһо
ˣǵǻ߻ܲ
ףħϷʹܲȻ˵ȻȻ˴Ӱ֮˳һɫ
ȫѪеɭȻ׹ǣɢɺѪɷ֮
ǰ֮ˣ׿Կ϶ԷʵѾﵽɾϣʵȻСף¡
ңңͷȥŵģûлشܲʵ
ߺߣϷң˵ã˿Ȼ׹һѣʶ㣬Ȼұǵڶңң
ܲһƱǣݺݵѹףҲˣѾﵽʦ۷徳硣
ãܺãȻһЦԷƣжʱɺİ׹ǣһ˲䣬Żܲٵĳȥ
ɱ
һ˲䣬˱ȫӰһŻܲݺݵɱ˹ȥ
ֶУһɱ̽
޴𺳵Ĺһ˲ȵٶȣǻܲˣҲһ
ܲеȻӲһٵס׺µĹͷȻһȻȻ䵶͵뿪ⶸȻݺݵĴ׵ؿڡ
ǣһ̣Ȼ˼˳ƺ;޴˲ֹס˵һһɽ˲Ҷһ㡣
ܲɫһ䣬ӰȻ쵽£˲˺ٶס
ۡһѪұۼһ˲ȫһ㣡
ܲɫ䣬˫۴ż˵Ŀ־嶢ס
⣬ʲôܲɫĳʵȻ֪Ⲣǽħ
ǣֻǲĶѣȻ䣬зһӰӰȻڻܲǰ
ǰˡܲɫ䣬ʱ˹Ĺ˵
Ǻǣٲ⽭ɣҪСӸɱľˣ
㻹ܣǧˣɣϷĻ㻹ô
ӰȻ˵Ȼ䣬ӰҼһֶʱһ

أ
һƣܲһ⣬ͬ棬ը˿
Ӱ𽥵Գģһ˲䣬棬һ˿ݶ꣡
׵һ֪ǰˣӦǴ˵֮ʮֲֿߡ


090 ֮ս1
ӥһĿ׶ʱһֱȫĸо
ƺһԷ֣Լôܣ޷ѸͶǿĹһ㡣
СӣǽħĴˣ֮һ˺ܶߡ
òʣ̬Ͷʮ
㣬ŵڣѾ֪˭ˣȴȻʵΪģϼʱ׼ѡ
˿̣ĬĬľۼȫصľУ嶾Ҳ׼ʱݶ
ϰʯ׽꣬ײܽʯ׽ͬľһ㣬Ҳܽľñʯ׽أȻܸӵķʵ
ͬѧʦ۷徳磬һˣ޷ֵһѵɱΪûеõ洫ʮ֮һҲȻӴޱȡ
ӡֵĿ嶾һȫĴ򿪷ӡ񣬽Ǽ˵Ŀֲġ
һ̣׼֣ͷ嶾ȫ״̬ڣǵĵߣ棡
ħĴˣħĴˣ֪ΪħĴˣõļִУ
ȻЦ漴ȻĿһۣȻСӣ֪Ϸ֮ǰΪʲôҪɱô
һѾףԷԼʱˣԷƺ⡣
΢΢һʱϼһﾫĿһ£вɰϼһ˴
״䲻ȻΪΣ
΢΢һЦƺǺͰʱʹƺҲ˲٣ǺǣҪô࣬СӣģϷ򲻻ɱģ٣һ̣˾衣
⻪Ϊ汻һСءĴôȻЦ
һʱȴǻߣʼԼоȷʵʮǿ󣬵ǺȻȴԼȫ֮¡ˡʵԷɾĸְɣô˵ģǣԼֹЧпܣߣװˣ
һ˲䣬ˣһУǻߵƣǣˣѵΪԼģ
һ˲˼
Ȼ䣬һԭˣĻ񶾺֮ˣʵڸɱ
оһţʱ͵ЦҲ뵽ˣ⻪ĿϷ򣡺ߣǧ㣬û㵽Ϸʵչ֮죬֮ǰ͸磬ʵȻͬ磬ֻǿϧϷѾżһٸϷһ
һȴǲĵǰȴΪΣ
ͬûһ㣬ԹԵ˵⻪ԭСѪħ֮ɱȡ˾ѪǸö֮ĵֵĴʵǿЦ֮
ͼΪ̬֮ϷսȻϷ򲻱ϷĨɱȡϷѪðأƣϷô֪ܲ
ˣʵǸɱ֮
˵գжȻһɱ¾֮⣬׵ģͬʱ䡱һ죬ԴͬŶݺһһ㣬˲һ
״󺧣ΪϰŶԹ˿ɲǼָ˹Ȼ˲Ӱõ˼ޡ
͡
һӰնɱ¡
ƺûжԭڵĵطȴǳһ޴Ĺ֡
Ȼ˲һεĲӰ£Ʒ硣
һ̣վԱߣ˫۷ŭ׺ݵĶ档
ȻԷ޳ܣȻ֣Ƕն񽭺Ѽֲ֡
ǺǣķӦȻЩħ˵ӣϧ̫Զ治м˵˵ţĳ˹
׶ʱоһɹɼ˵ѹѹ˫ȾǲĲ
һ̣У澹ͬһɽһ㣬ôǿƥУ
˼ʮ׾طվɫȴ˲ı֮
СӣɱҺ峤֮൱Ŀˣ
ߣǽħǰգϷҲʹ˰ݣϷȷʵɱ㣬ǣϷҪΪϣ
Ȼ䣬澹Ǳײ沿Ҳü˵׹ͺĹâ˸ţǺ֮ǰĺɫȫˡ
һ̣˫͵һ˿ڤ֮⣬һ˲䣬ըһֱ۴СȻֹ
͡ʱɫҹ£ֱ۴ȫıűը˿
ϡ
һƽУ׺֮жȻ
֣һץǰķξ޴ʯϣһΡ
¡¡
޴涸Ȼȫı˿
һ̣׽״̬
ֵ񱩣һ˲ȫͷ˳
ȫĹͷ嶾֮󣬱ͬһӲ־޴ȫͨľ޴嶾Ҳʹ״˿һּѪɱ¾֮С
ȫ⿪嶾֮ķӡȫ
˫֮УɭĹâϵ˸ϬĿͶϡ
һ̣ӭ׵Ŀ⣬ĿⶸȻһһĪĿ־֮С
ɱ¾֮⣬˵ϤҲ˵ľ
ôɽ嶾֮Сӣ㣬ɽС
ɣȫ񣬶ȻĻ
һֻ̣޾ɱ¾֮⣬һشǧʯռʱ屻ѹıը
һ̣ɱѾ˲ͷ


091 ֮ս2
ɷ񱩵ɷֱӽԺ˲䣬ȥ
嶾֮ϢҲ˲ҵĳڿռ䣬塣
ôܣôܡ
жȻһʱǺҲ¶˾֮ɫһ̣Լƺص˵Ǹ˿ֲɽ֮£ƺֿǸСɫ罣һаˡ
һ̣ȻȫĽ嶯ȣƺ˲˲١
׳޴ʯźХľ磬ݺݵͷ¡
һ̣ȫ֣м˵ɱ¾֮⣬ֵʵȫķӵ˼ޡ
ɱ
˻һֱ۶ʱ׵ͬպһ㣬ż˿ֲԵıը
һƿͣһͣһ֣һľķ
Ȼˣ˲䣬ȻӦ˹ܵģ׵Ĺû̫ġ
һ쾳֮ˣܷľƣΣ
һ̣ڻԪʱӿһ˲䣬ֱֱ̧ۣ֮˸ȥӲ׵Ĺ
ʯȻݺݵֱϡ
䣡
Ƶ𣬿ռƺ˲Ȼһ㡣
˲䣬ֱۣûиоκε
һ˿ĲɲǼ䣬һɼ˿ֲ˺ѵȻݺݵı˳
һ˲䣬ֱ۵ĻԪʱ񱩵ը˿׺ݶֱײźݺݵĳС
ˡ
͵һȫ׻ɫҲǺݺݵһ䣬ʱҰֽ
ۡһѪ⵹ɳȥ˲䣬õ£ݺһŷ˻ȥ׵ĸ
أ
͵һɾϣȫҲһһѪʱ˳
ۡͬ˳ȥǿУһšʯݺݲڵϣ䡱һһ𣬶ʱʯ͸ףȴվ
ֲţѾȫ˿ȴֻɢŹ嶾ûѪ
棬˿̲ɫ˵Ĳ԰ףѪʮֵǱңĿ⿴׵ʱɱ⣬ȴǸӵĳ
ֻǣɱ֮УȻżֵǺͿ־塣
һֻ̣ǶݵĽһС
˫ۣ𽥵ɢŵһĹâף˫һֱڤ֮˸֮
ȷʵмֿʱҺ峤
ЦţȻ䣬͵ľۼһɿֲԪ
ɱǻܲߵʱʹƺӵĿֲ
͡
û˿֣˲䣬͵һĳ
ɲǼٶȴﵽ˼£ӰҲٴεһ˲䣬׼յ˿ֻǣǶȻľ޴ıըϢȻݺݵĳһ׵壬ٴȫһһ˿
ʵ࣬ʵ̫
ǿһУһ͵ϮĳɷڣȻֻǽ˵ѣҶԷƺ˵ĸͲأԣһ̣Ҳӵķˡ

ٴһУȻĶǿԪͬڵһ㣬
Ҳзݣ޷֮ʣʱһȫݶ籡ž޴Ĵ׳ʯţԪݺݵ¡
䣡䣡䣡䣡
ϵıըϵ棬ʱȫıƻʮֵĲĿ
ʯ޷ߵԪȫıը˿ʯɣɢ
ףȴͬߵķһ㣬ٴε˳ȥ
أ
ݺݵڵϣϴѪһ̣ȫͬɢһ㣬ʹڵڿ񱩵ĻӻѾȫĿսˡ
һ̣ӿ״ָ̬˻
һƬţһƬȻʺͷŭʵĲ࣬ǿŷ񣬾Ϳֲġ
ţ
Ŀһۣһ̣Ҳķˣʲô֮ǰŵԣҲ˲ˡ
һֵˣǱֱҪˡ
޷ʹãִһĨʱһɫȻС
˿ֳֽ̣ɢŴ۵ĺɷңָףȻ䣬滯һӰʱʧ׵С
죬ٶʵ̫ˡ
һ̣һĨĺ⣬ʱǰȻ׵ԴݺݵĴ̳
ݡ
Ԫעޱȣһɱ£Ȼ
ǣǿޱȵĽͷ£ҲѾûˡ
죬̫ˣ쵽ףӦӦ
ݡ
һ̣һöɿݵĻɫҶͬһɵԶ㼤ƿյľȻֱӺײ֮ϡ
ϡ
ٽ׵ͷʱ򣬱ҶȻҵıը˿
˲䣬ɫȻ䣬һѪʱ籡
ۡ
һԳ˵Ŀ־֮ɫһҧӰʱʧǰ


092 جġͻ1
ʱٶȺܿ죬ӵٶȣǿ硣
ֻǰһһѪ֮ѹȶʱµĵ涸Ȼ˿Ȼʧˡ
쵽ٶȣʹҲ𾪡
ǣ𾪵ģһöȻƮҶ
Ҷ֮ϣԼһɵ㣬ͬһλתȥ崿ĴŮĴ㡣
ʰöҶֽɭ׵ȹǲڵϣ֧壬վ
˫ȻʹĲţۣȴȫĻָԭСֱֻƤȴһͨ죬͸źɫѪ
ֱ´ţͬȫĶϵһ

ңǰңĴɽ˻ҲǼá
£ɽ֮ǰԶԶɽ֮·࣬ȴɽ
˿̣ʮ֣Զּ˥֮⣬ȴǿ֮˿ĺۼ
ʵھһ֮ңѾɱ֣ٶȣ˵ǶôĿ죬Ķ֮ɼٶȣǶôĺˡ
ǣͬģһһƬҶܺ£ͷʮ׵ľʱҶ㽫Ԫˣһײʹ䱬ը
ĲнƬȴûзֺ˵ףɼֻʵڷ˼
վĿңңҲԶһƬͺͺɽ֮ǰһƬݻƵҶ¡
ǸˣѾˡ
ˣ״ͷβûмһĲӰҲûС
ǣоһϤζ
һ֣ԵĬ鲻ĸо
ˣֱϣãӦúԼϤǣϤĹĸо֮ϸȴмİ
Ƭ̣׻һǲ˼顣
еҶȻ䡰ءһ˿мڿС
ʵʰĽ
ˣõĽ
𾪣˲䣬Ҳ˵ȻƽԼ顣

³һֽɭѪȹǿڼϣͷһ۱ѪˮȾķңһ̣˲ɽ֮ȥ

ɫѾ
ҳǱǺһƫƧ䣬Ȼˮгһɫ˿ɫԴ̬֮ɫĿꡣ
ͷһ͸ܱµţ壬ƺɼˮмֺ䡣
˴˿̲޹̿ˣĿ⾫Ĵһۣ˹ʱ㲻ٲǴڲӿһɹɰɫʱȫʱٵĸɺ
꣬ȴǴߡ·֮ͷס
˿̣׹ʵָ˼֣˻ǺӰ˲ʧӰ
ҳǺֱ˿ջԺ֮УȻܿߣԼС
ص֮У֮׵ʼָ
ԼĪʱ֮󣬵С͹״֮ţӹСȻˡ

ǣţϸ֮С
ɫĮųϺ峤һˣû˵
ˣȴǹڵϣͷ͵һ˿Ҷ
ңܼ֡˵ȻĿ˼ߡСٴѪ
桭
һɫʱҰףȻû̧ͷо֮е
ϣɫ֣ţ˿һ¡
ް󣬿µǿ֧ţϷ޿κΡ̾
棬ңǧǿߣңף׺ںúϹܼңβƣ㡪
ȻûлͷΪ峤ΣϷˡ֪
ɫһףʱٳˡ
ȣֻ²߶ѣȻǸֻǾ棬Ҳֻܿףϼ塭ţɣ
岻һֱҡáôаɻꡯǬһļ䶷һȻȻ󣬽𽥵͸ȥħķžԭŪϷܲ򡭡
棬⡮аɻꡯֻ֮һĳɹô峤һаɻꡯĸ֣ƺȡ桯ţӵĿ¡
׵ѪӦܽɹߵĳ̶ȣңݷ֮ȥ££ֵ֮
ʧܣһʧˣڱʱϷԾټһˣҲһǿ鷳ѣ
桭
ݺݵĲţаɻ꣬а񶾵Ĺһɣǽ˲͸֧ʮԺ󣬱Ҫǻһ㣬ʳѪˣ
ҪֵڶѪħˣ
⹦ֲҺԣϣп־֮
ţȥɣ취˳ʹƽңǣ͸ˣ˵ţٴٴ³ڵѪ


093 جġͻ2
ҹޣڽ˵ָ˹
ڣҳǣǿҸҲʹҳĻ̡̻
ң˿̷׷ΣΪӻܲߵڷĥŵŪΨһڰϢϹңŵˣо
̶̵죬ҳǱֵǷ꣬ףΪֵҿջǶĴٶȣ˽֮
ҳǣƺҲΪЩ£һЩİĽˣ׷׵
ԭɱţһ̣ȴǰˡ
ңҵҪˣȫѾɱ֪ȥķɽ⡢ѾķºǴϢڰ֮⣬ˣѾɱ
￴֪һϵļ壬ȻȫˣҲֻǱѣݱ¶ټɱ¾ȥֻǿ߳֡
νĸˣýĸˣҲһʱ̸Լߡ
ײΪһŮԸ֣Լߡ
֪ǸΪŮԣöҶĵ㣬ױܲ³

ȵڣչһ巢һĳӰı
ÿһεˣܱ֮øӵǿ嶾ȻǴĺҩİʮֵĲ
ʵȫĻָˣƺоֻǿϧûһֵĽʼǸź
Ҳ֪ܽôˣǸȥ˰ɣң񶼷Ѫλ͵˼㣬ܽҲʮˣ˵üˡ
̾Ϣһһҹڣ洩һİɫۣͷһϵɫų
Ƶס죬СѾ֪λүǲõĺˣҲǸүȻ
ӣҪôﱩңô̫ƽҪѽ
ʮС಼£ʮڲԹɫɫƺ˼֡Ρ֪鲻ġ
ţµķǮĵʹͰɣҳȥ߿¡׵Щȷʵûʲôʵͨ˲ôܻ䣬ôݣЩԵˣҲڳһɱ˳˵Ķ
ллӣģⷿ䣬СһţһɨСĵ˵۾Цгһ졣
ţСֵܣƺ˲ٽˣ˼֮£ʲôûУ
С˱һСֵܡЩ֪ܳǱǵҵĴСܽǰȻ֮г˲ӣ߻ħˣǡɲ֪ôһֻ߸ҧˣڵϦΪ£Ҽ˲ٸҽΣġҽʥ˾ͽǰ붯ˡ
͵һɫͻ䣬类У
ܽܽô
Ϊߣ鼤ȴ˿ԣ׳Щʲôôϵ
ӣ֪ϵɴˣۿջĽ̸˵˾ͽҽʥ˵ҴС㣬ץס嶾ȡ侫Ѫ䣬֮ܽ⿪ڻܱʮ޵Ĺ
ٺ٣ʲôè壬ĸ֪
Ȼҵ£ǹؼڱ귽棬ҼŵӦʩһֻҪ캦Χ㲻ڻ¡
ӣһ֪ҳһϲףȴǵ˽ħһ˲Ϊ˵ţǰ컹ڷңһı꣬Ƕôգ
С˵ѹüͣرᵽڷ֮֮ʱǱüС
ȴɻûгӳһƱţܺãӶʲôħҲ˵
Сһ֣üɫĽӹƱ׵ĵĪ˵Сļ̹ʵˣЩˣ϶ֵһ㲻⣬ȴ̰֮ȴǺܻ䣬ʵ̹֮ӣСĶ£쵹˵˲١
嶾ֻ´еģЩ嶾ʮ˵ãѶȼ󣬹ӣΪİȫСĻǶȰһ䣬ˣ£ΣյĽңأ
ÿ˳ͷȴһͼʵ£ӵĺܡ
ǮСҲʣ׺øдǺ޲ýԼ֪ȫͳ˵
׵˵ͷţȥæɣзִ磬ֻǵȥ߿
ţõģౣءС˺òĹȥ
ףȴǴҴ뿪ҿջ
죬ԺȻֵܽ飬Щ˵ĳѹС
ܽȻ˽⣬֮ð߻ħǱҧˣͲˡ
ҳֳ˴Ķײ²⣬ֻҲ֪ˡ
һܽ£常Ҳó˰ɣ٣ҲҪԼ
ţȴĵڳйţĿȴǽĴɨӡ
˽ʱѰڣڼǽδһ򵥵ܽصļǺš
֪Ǻŵģֻˣɡܽ
Կ̵ĺۼˣһǳɣȻڽһ̶ȣҲǾԣ֪ˣڼ
ѰһƫƧǣ·ʹ磬ָ˱ģ
״һ£ųס˴Ȼһ⴦ͨũסլǰ
£洫һϸĿ˭ѽϸˡ˵ţ滹ΡΡĲ
Ŷ·ˣֿˮȵġڡˮϣ΢
֨ѽű򿪣¶һӵĲݡ
үӿд϶ͳܿ˿Ȼ׽󣬵š
źӵ״éݣȻһʮصĲ
үûū常Ϊѹˣ갡常ʳѰļߣݺĵ
ģҲһᣬЩɬ常Т
׶ǣ常Բ㣬常ܽΪ˸㱨ˣ֪嶾а취ţūලܽ
˵ţƺʮֵͣɫҲԳ˼ı֮ɫǵᣬһſŵĹ
׻Ȼ򣬵ܽǡ澭ƪգҲȷʵ˵嶾ġ
ܽʵ̫ɵˡ常ѹܽµġ׽ֹɷο
үūʵǲ䵱常ʵǲ䰡û׵ķ֣¿ͷģ׵ģһʹ
ᣬҲ
常ûµģһжģܽΪҲ㣬Ҫ֣Ҳֻܹңɣܵġ
һıģǸжܽΪ˸𣬾뾡취ȥ嶾ȫġ
ڶߣܽӣֻҪŪ֣ѶҲ
ǣ׶ܽۿʮˣ⣬⻹ôüūΪ£嶾£޳ʥĸ˵ֻ⽭ˣħͷܸȥȥģȴûмȥɳ̾
΢΢̾常ģ嶾֮Ѫʵǵһ֮ˣܽҪ磬ԣܽġ
׶㡪ɾУȴǼ˵ĵǡ
Ǻǣ常ģˣѪֻܾܽ±ǣһǲȥѪ͵鷳常ȥˣõҹ̵ĸϻȥȻʱˣЧá׵Ȼ˵
Լ֪ԼѪܾܽʵȻ磬Ѫˮ֮У嶾֮к֮ͨ˺ˣ٣ȻҲжΪк̫ͣǿҲʲô˺
һЩ֮˺ˣһЩΪģȻ࣬Ѿܲˡ
һ嶾֮˺ˣ嶾֮˺ˣҩЧȫӣܼĴ󲿷ǱǿķӳҩЧԣܽ⣬Ȼʮֿ϶
ʧһЩѪ˵ʧ޷һЩʱѡ
Щǵĵ׶常ֻ֪ܽȴһҪչ˺Լ⣬ܽǻţҲᰲĵġ׶常֪ܶзִ磬常Ͳ˵ˣǻ常ҲȷѪʱʹǵģ
Ŀϣɵ常Ǻ常ôŲ㣿ҲˣţҲ᲻ĵģֻҪ̫飬ˣѪͨѪͬôʧЧġ
˵꣬漴ĳȡһɾȵĴ룬ֵ硣
ɺѪͬСϪһ£һ̣΢΢


094 ȡѪ
ҳֳ˴Ķײ²⣬ֻҲ֪ˡ
һܽ£常Ҳó˰ɣ٣ҲҪԼ
ţȴĵڳйţĿȴǽĴɨӡ
˽ʱѰڣڼǽδһ򵥵ܽصļǺš
֪Ǻŵģֻˣɡܽ
Կ̵ĺۼˣһǳɣȻڽһ̶ȣҲǾԣ֪ˣڼ
ѰһƫƧǣ·ʹ磬ָ˱ģ
״һ£ųס˴Ȼһ⴦ͨũסլǰ
£洫һϸĿ˭ѽϸˡ˵ţ滹ΡΡĲ
Ŷ·ˣֿˮȵġڡˮϣ΢
֨ѽű򿪣¶һӵĲݡ
үӿд϶ͳܿ˿Ȼ׽󣬵š
źӵ״éݣȻһʮصĲ
үûū常Ϊѹˣ갡常ʳѰļߣݺĵ
ģҲһᣬЩɬ常Т
׶ǣ常Բ㣬常ܽΪ˸㱨ˣ֪嶾а취ţūලܽ
˵ţƺʮֵͣɫҲԳ˼ı֮ɫǵᣬһſŵĹ
׻Ȼ򣬵ܽǡ澭ƪգҲȷʵ˵嶾ġ
ܽʵ̫ɵˡ常ѹܽµġ׽ֹɷο
үūʵǲ䵱常ʵǲ䰡û׵ķ֣¿ͷģ׵ģһʹ
ᣬҲ
常ûµģһжģܽΪҲ㣬Ҫ֣Ҳֻܹңɣܵġ
һıģǸжܽΪ˸𣬾뾡취ȥ嶾ȫġ
ڶߣܽӣֻҪŪ֣ѶҲ
ǣ׶ܽۿʮˣ⣬⻹ôüūΪ£嶾£޳ʥĸ˵ֻ⽭ˣħͷܸȥȥģȴûмȥɳ̾
΢΢̾常ģ嶾֮Ѫʵǵһ֮ˣܽҪ磬ԣܽġ
׶㡪ɾУȴǼ˵ĵǡ
Ǻǣ常ģˣѪֻܾܽ±ǣһǲȥѪ͵鷳常ȥˣõҹ̵ĸϻȥȻʱˣЧá׵Ȼ˵
Լ֪ԼѪܾܽʵȻ磬Ѫˮ֮У嶾֮к֮ͨ˺ˣ٣ȻҲжΪк̫ͣǿҲʲô˺
һЩ֮˺ˣһЩΪģȻ࣬Ѿܲˡ
һ嶾֮˺ˣ嶾֮˺ˣҩЧȫӣܼĴ󲿷ǱǿķӳҩЧԣܽ⣬Ȼʮֿ϶
ʧһЩѪ˵ʧ޷һЩʱѡ
Щǵĵ׶常ֻ֪ܽȴһҪչ˺Լ⣬ܽǻţҲᰲĵġ׶常֪ܶзִ磬常Ͳ˵ˣǻ常ҲȷѪʱʹǵģ
Ŀϣɵ常Ǻ常ôŲ㣿ҲˣţҲ᲻ĵģֻҪ̫飬ˣѪͨѪͬôʧЧġ
˵꣬漴ĳȡһɾȵĴ룬ֵ硣
ɺѪͬСϪһ£һ̣΢΢
ѪˮֵĴ֮Уܿ죬ۼһ롣
ɫ˼ֲ԰ףȴǼ֣Ȼֹס˿ڵѪ
һۣ֪ΪΣԶĸоֻǣƽʱоܽԵһ̣ȴǲ˼ԼĲĸоУҲ𼸷ַꡣ
ףôˣ
ôȥԼ常
ѹкȻӿԵıܣɫ԰׵ĽһѪϾɵĺɫľϡ
׶㣬û°ɣɲʵǵǺ
常û£ֻʢװѪҺܲ·ýڿվ̳֮ڣȻð˵
常ŪõģΧũׯ̳Ӧòң׶ģܽһġ
׵˵ͷ常˵ز̫ƽҲͲˣˡ
׶㡭㵽ȥɹʵ
ȼĴɣһ󣬼֮ǰһȥġ΢΢˼˵
ţðɣʱңҲˣڴү飬ܿܣǱ֮˼ٰģ׶²ٶ֡
Уҳǣֵ̫Ҳܵ˲ٵѹ׶ҪСġ
常ģһУзִ磬ˡ˵꣬ʱת˲ȻʹṦ˲Զݶȥ
ܾãܾá
ɲţһߵĲ﷭Ƭ̣óһȫµľ̳ѪˮȫתƵ˾̳֮УС̳̳ڣ̾һ׼õĺڲɶʱŰҲٵ뿪
ߺĬĬسڲԶĬĬĿԶȥɫм粻
Ѿ׵ĳЩˣȻЩţǣ˿
Ϊʲô常ƺ֪嶾֮ѪΪʲôƺƺãȻЯȫµľ̳ΪʲôһһƲߣܽжˣ¶


095 пʵ
𾪿֪һ˲䣬˺ܶࡣ
ϵôഫͼƬױ˼ֻɡ
ǣ뵽ΪԼ常ױɻΪˮɽׯ֮Ҵ֮˻ġ
Ϊĸооһεĳ֡
Ϊ˸һУȥȴǷ΢ϸСһĻ
ǵģһУ׼һУȫƺ˵һ㡣
۾ģȻпǼٵģ常˺ãôܳң
ڴķ棬Ϊ˽ħһѵĳ㹻ȻǴڱѵİɡ

˼תǧ뷨׷׷ɹڳʵֻ֪ɣȡԼѪʲôĿġ
ϸ˼һ׺Ȼ뵽Լɷ֮УƳԼйϵңҲ֪Լڵ嶾
棬ţ
ǺǡȻЦһһ˲䣬׺Ȼˡ
ɣŰԵףΪʲôԼ׽׿Ǽ˵ģɺϣߣԤı
һ̣׺֪죬ǲڳʱҲ
ǵģôɺϣĺܿ¡
ԶɵӰѾʧ
ȻһЦȴٴεı仯ѡһεĵط·ͷǷȼߵߣͬʱеϢʱһˣűȥ
Ϊ·ߵϤ϶ɵ˽⣬Ƭ̣ױɡ
ҲֻԶԶĵں棬Ҫ£׵Ū
Ȼ˿̣ŷ棬ǲȥģΪԭײܱܿĲ̽

һһҹ
صϼɫѾ
ɿ˿ֱ֮ӵ峤ϵĸۡ
ףȴǹһĸ˹ȥ
ʵﵽʦ۷徳磬ʵǿ֣Ҫףĺѡ
峤ϣˡɳ˵ʮ
ţãܼˡ
㣬Ҳʾ㹻ĳ⣬ģһֵһңǸԸ֮£ҪʲôȻס峤ĪһЦ˵վҪȥ嶾֮Ѫ
ߣ˶ԸԴǬзɻ䣬ʮ£㣬ȴôͳȫǲϹ¿ģ
ǺǣܼĪҪŭһʱͿͿǬĪЦѵˣȴһ㲻Եѿ
Ī˵꣬ǽһصĽû£Ȼѡһλû£ԭƽʵǽںȻһţĪ밵֮УǬܼҰˡ
Ƭ̣һһµӣʱ˳ģ죬ƺոļŬһ㡣
ܼң峤ϡ깪
⣬Զһⲽ͵ҹǸǬһ޶
ǬȻǬ
УɣȻԵף
м𾪣ȻžԵ侲˫Ŀͬӥһ㣬͸ֽĴƵĶһ˵Ӱ
ţǬܿ㣬Ŵ㹦ҪԼ
ϰɹ֪ױȣ£ƹ嶾֮ѪҲѾѰףһҪؼ壬øϽɳ
˵գֽһ̳ѪǬ
Ǭ˫Žӹ֮󣬲ŵܼңף嶾֮ѪˣܼΪβ䡪ǬһɱĶ
ɫһ޴֮ȻԴ˿ۣȴҲ֪˱дã
Ŀǳγɾʹҵ
ɱ֮ʵ֮ýħ洫ͬ棬ƺûֵˣɱ
УҾ㣬ܽ飬ðԼϽⶾѪѾȫǣˣԼȳһЩܽ¡ķԸ㲻Ҫ߷磬ҪϷ
ܼңܽΣĪǵ浱ǺˣĪЦˣǶΪ£˵ٵòȻҲûã
Īҿԭ嶯
֪ܽһ׾Իײ£ױʲôˣֻҲЩˡ
ʲôˣǬĪͬʱЩ˼飬ΪҲͬʱ뵽һˡ
ȻԼ֮˵𣬵ĪǬΪԿдʶѣš
汲伮֮ϣᵽ¡ɣ죬Ǵ»󣬲ɱģ£ǶѾ˰ɡɳ
˵ǬĪһ
˵ɣⶼǲ²ѣȻܶ飬ʵûжҳ֣ҲⷽĹǣ仰ҲǸǵѣǺΪ֮ɣ
ţǡаɻꡯע㣬񣬻һʧ־磬͵ÿԼˡ
˵ţݳһɫĹž˹ȥ
֮ɶʱָԭģ峤ϣūˡ
ţȥɡ峤ĪȻ˵

׵ȭͷţˣȴҹɫ֮С
ҹٵʱױ;лһɫҹ£˿̣ò任Ǳ˷֣Ҳ޷
οļá
ܽҪȣԶǬϸСƺȫĻ˸һһʱд
ǬĪ𾪣ȴȻ˫Χһš
ȣˣɲ⣬ǲǶ֣ʵʵİ˵İ죬ֻҪ棬ˣǺܴġĪ
ţðɣֻôõĶС˷һ㣬Ҷ᲻áǬʵĵȴȻӾ̳֮еһѪ
ѪȻɫʺɫȻ޳ȻԼɫ˸Ǭϲ
˵ģǲдĪ΢΢һЦȴǵȥɣ⵱ģһãҲӦõģԺ󣬻еõĵطֵܽõĹϵ
ţȥѪȱܺðաǬ˵꣬ʱһӰȴǽڸ
Ƭ̣ױһӰԶǬĸۡ߳ˣȴǻװ˵Ǭ


096 ˭
гȴȻĸ˹ȥȻ˿뽫µѪҺŪ¶Ϊ˲ݾߣΪ˿ܽǷİȫ׾ȿһ˵
ǬܽڵԺ䣬ԶԶȥԺ֮ٻɫ͵˸ţмӰ
Ǭ΢΢һ·ƽһѪܽķſڡ
ضţˡǬ˵
֨ѽ
ɫľű򿪣ŵȴأӡ
ǬҲˣô㣬ҵˣԭ嶾֮Ѫҵôȴǲ룬ȻǬеѪ
ţҵˣѪͻģͱˡǬʵ˵
⺢ӣҶԲҲ³çڷңţֻҶǬΪ㣬Щ죬ҲѹСЩȥϢɣѪҺڣͱˡ
˵ЩңǰͷȴѾЩ߰ˣˣԵòϡ
ûмӵӣ벻Ӿǿʼˡ
ЩζԽʶ໴Ӥ鷽棬ȻҪϼ֡
һҲۡʵҲܱңҲǷ̫࣬ܣǬҲʮѹ̾
ǲ֪ʵݣԶԶĹۿףᱻɱΣɼϷҲʮ֡
΢΢ͷ⺢ӣл֪ôǰɣа·ʵʮָǿ汲ĴУ˵Ǹü̳ģֻһôˣңֻȫվ˷˼ˣ£ټ壬Ҵȴƺĳѹû֣һ׵ֻ˲١
˵ţѾܽڵĴǰ嶾֮Ѫܽϣ˼֡
غܽѾˣܽʮ꣬Ҳʮˣģʮƣǳʮˣס
ֻǴ˿̣ܽڴϣɫǺ죬ͷϲʱɫͬһܹÿʱܽüͷţƺʮֵʹһ
Զ͸뿪ţƵܽ˿߻ħ˾綾ס
綾ȷʵҲһֱȽ߶
ңܽȥȷʵҲ޷ʮ졣
׶ڶӴ˽꣬ʮԶԶȥζԼһţȫȻġ
÷һֱػܽߣɵɵĶܽͬӺǬ̸û⡣
÷ضÿЩܽоˡ΢΢𼸷Դ˼֣ȴǽ÷˹
ܽоˣ÷ϲӣһ˲㲻ɿƵĹæվ𣬽Ҳ˹
һֱĬĬû˵һ̣ȴ˽÷ʹ
Ȼ˵Ĺϵĺܺá
΢΢ʾ⣬Ǭʱ˹ֹסܽȫҪѨλȻסܽ˫գ΢΢ʱܽ㱻ǿе͡
ܽſǬ㱣ֺƣٶ
ӣȴѪ֮󣬽ѪܽĿС
ܽƺǺ׼ԣǬȴǵסܽͣܽѵŤ˼£ȴѨλƣ
գܽٴλ˹ȥֻǶͷϲʱܹɫ壬ƺ
ȻƤ״̬ƺøӵĺȣɫȴ𽥵ƽ
һĻнİ˼֣ܽ˼ۣĿһأ׶ʱȥ
ȻܽûˣѪǲô׵Ǭȵ
رǣڵ֪ǬͲҡٲԼ״֮ױѪҺɾ綾
Ȼײ֪ǡаɻ꡷ʲôǳڶ˽⣬ײΪʲôĻôĸԸĸһ¾ΪŪԼѪǬ书⣬ܣ
ܴĿǣ⹦һǬܴϳĿܡ
ԣ׾ڲκ˵££ȥ
˿̣ײҾκˣܽЩȥţ
ɵ飬̫ĴȻϣ׸ûбֳκεܣУǵ˿̣Щجһ㲻ţѹģҲЩϢ
ǣ֪һУġ
ΪλݷԼߣҲ£Ҳ֮е顣
Ȼϵǰ׸ţǸɺϵ⡣
룬׶ʱҸۡȻѸٵųҩǱȥ
嶾֮Ѫк֮󣬲һټһ㶾Ǿ涾ޱȵĶˡ
һ㣬׺
ԣûжöҩֻ͵һ˪һ׶졢һϳķ۶ѡ
ȡߣֱӻһһţɲǼٴȥ
ٴҸۡν峤֮ѾȻ޶
ȻǱ˽ȥϢȣȫ˼£֮
͡
׸մҪѰţŶʱ򿪣峤Īһ˳

һǷĪϵĻңתٴΰ˰Ļء
⶯̧ͷͷ˲䣬׶ʱͬһ㣬˲˽ȥ
˳ߣԼĪʮңױͨǿ񱩵˻֮ˡ
׵һãǬĪҪѾȲѪǱ㵱군ˡ
Ѫɱ޺ۼһɱȴǲݾߣܶ飬ᱩ¶ǲá
ңⶾǹ֪˲ȥǻ˲֪ĥ֮ȥ
£ûǬֻܽ⹦ˡ
ţѾٵǬĵ֮⡣
֮УʮİǶ˵ǲ⡣
ƵĶǬȴǷ֣˿ʹڵϷţԱʯϵһ̳ѪѾ⣬ȴƺȫû
ǬĿڵϲϷţҲǱޱȵĺˮʪ͸ͳͬǺ˺ѷεĲҽʵľ


097 òУ1
Ǭôˣо֣ʹ࣬ƺԸӦһ㣬ײ뵽Լըѵʹ࣬Ҳһ
𵱳к֮𣬵֣еںϵĶۼ˳ȥ
ţⶾ۵˾ȷıͶǾ̳֮С
̳ĿƺͱˣԼɼɫѪ
ҩ۽嶾ѪҺ֮УѪҺȻһ󡰻죬Ҳһ
ǬڵϷʹţ֪ûҪȻ飬еΣա
侲ֹۿƬֱ̣ȷţǬȷʵ֮УȻ
һ֮Ǭƺ˼֣𽥵ȶǺˮڵϷ󣬺ɫĳճģʵľ
ǬվƺмаĿ˸Źһа⣬Ĵ䡣
ͷһٽĿͶǬϡ
Ǭһץ̳һۣǿһ̳һ㣬˫۾
һͷ˹ˡģʱѪˮһ㲻ʣһȫĺꡣ

˸ãǬеаĹâȻһȻѸٵ˥ȥǬ壬ȴǿʼɢͨĹ⡣
ţȶˣô£ҲмֲõԤУ˵ⶾҩѪǱɣȽĹҩҲӦûʹģڲϵʹбĥɣôû£
ֵƬ̣Ǭô붨ţƺ֪޾ģǣԼ䣬ȴɢһĪĿֲɷ
ɷʹҲһɭȻ⡣
ƺˣΣƺЩ˼ţ˲䣬ȴֻ뷨
׼ϸǬ״Ȼ䣬Զ΢ĲһʱֻΪĪ峤ˣѸٵĳһȥ
һת֮ĿȻͶ˳ȥ
Ƭ̣ˣˣȴ峤Ī
һˣ׵Ĳɺݺһ˫׹еȭͷü
֣ģʮ˳ٺаЦ
ǬһĿðֵ㣬Ȼ㣬ҪоﲻģЩ뿪ĺá
ǺǣȷɹˣϲϲǺǣãܻȥˡתҪ뿪
ܴϢ峤ϸңңƺûи֮ˣڰ̽׵ϢǬĿ⿴һۡ
΢΢һоһ˿־֮⣬ȴٺһЦʲôطȷ
ʶؼǣǬ˵
΢΢ͷȻԴĵ֪ˣǣ˵գʱ뿪
ףȴĬĬĸ˹ȥ
ˣһֱѰķɽ⡣
գɽǧˣܿ飬һֱ£⼸ˣ׵Ǻ֮ǣֻȻɱңȴһֱѰĳˣʹ׼ңȻڻ
ֻǲ룬̤Ьٴȫѹ£øԼײɽ⣬ǲ׷Ź
ԼĸŷɽҴ֮󣬽뵽Ǵ֮ϣȻǴϣҹȴȻ侲ģżȮ֮ʹҹԵþס
ŷɽ⴩һεľ룬ɽ⣬ȴų֮бȥȻ䣬ױЩԾĸоһ֣жʱȻѡԼĸо
ʱ˲ܡ
ʱһֲһĶ뼤֮ǰڵķλٶȣǼ˵Ŀ͡
͡
Ȼ䱻еĵطʱ˲ð˹̣̳֮涼ը˿ҹⱬըȻ΢Ǳըľȴʮ㣬𻨣ҲĽ
һʮ׿İȴһѺ𾪡
ⰵʲôӴ
ңɽ⣬ʵƺѾﵽʦ磬ôܣ
֪Լٶȣ嶾ÿմֿŰԾĽ⣬ٶȣܼ
ɽ⣬ΪǿʵңΪУӴ
㰵ƴڼٶһҲΪһ㼤İ֮УԼ򷢲С
ףηˣһɽɫ䣬ȴǲĽš滨롯
ⰵķ֮õģ֣⧲£ҲᶸȻ䱻ɱ
޴Ĵ͸ǿٶȣɽѾ˶ⶫҲǼ˵š
ֻǴ˿̣ȴƺûС
ηǰĪҪСӿЦһɽĿ˸ȴѾת˼ޣ˫Ҳ߷˶㡣
ҪνĸˣѰʺϵʱܶѡ
Ȼˣɽ⣬治Ǽ򵥽ɫвɾ̾˵ľԡ
״˿̵ģʵȣԭȫͬıɽϳֻǸ׼棬׺ȻӦԶһӰ˹
ײһ˿ңʱٴݷϸ
磬û뵽Ͷţߣ֮ѣҲ˿ˣֻԼˣǷ¡
Ӵԭҿɰãߣ㵹˵ңãܺãΪʲô֪ҶɣˣƫƫֻһȰգɽЦ
磬㡪޳ܣ֮𣬲죬ô˲֪ܣ㣬ѧ˫֮ؼ͸ţűӻ㣬ʵǼܴ裬գұҪɱ岻Ф֮ˣȻȥɱףΪ屨𣡡
ŭ
ɱңҿɰã֪Ϊʲôû䣿Ϊҵÿһǿߣ˼壡ߣ壬ʲô壬һȺоĵ˵ĴӪˣԸ㣬ߣϡڴϡǧˣɱһǵѪ
ôǿˣʵǿ󣬼壬Ҫ׳練ƣ
ʵûҰæǧ꣬㶼ĪɱףߣԵ޹ʵķ㣬ֻΪķ֮˰գ
ɽЦţм˵


098 òУ2
㣬ĵķӣңɱ㣡
±Ѿ֮ȴżȻ֣Լ׸磬˼ؼǰȥȥͶȥˡ
ԭΪɽֹֻԶԶļޱİµģ㳹׵ˡ
񣬷ɽ˵ô治޲ĻҲܲסʱĳŷɽɱ˹ȥ
ɽɫһһĨöİͬɵȻ伤
ݡ
һ˲䣬ƿ֮Ȼ²۷徳ʵ˫ķɽĶ֡
ʱöȻ伤ǰ
һ˿ֵĽȴȻһ

ϡ
ʱѶ䣬۵ıҲѪģ
ȴҲˡ
ǣʱöӿ͵İʱԸӿݵٶȼ
ݡ
ƿ֮˲䣬ȴûз˫۳Ķŷɽ⡣
ǣ͸סüȥһɲǣһѸ͵ľȻ˲佫öݺݵļ䵽һߡ
һӰ˲վڷºͷɽ֮䡣
̧ңָɽ⣬˿̣׵Į˫֮УɱȻ
һ̣ɽȴǲһЦȻóһͬһĺɫƷʱ͵ĳ׼
һ˲䣬ƺ˸ɫ㡣
Сģ¾һʱǰƺԼֵİ
ɲǣɽȴǶȻתٿ񱼶һ˲侹ʧ
ɫ㣬ȴǶȻʧ
΢΢һͣʱ⣬мˣ
İֻֻʹһΣ֮һΣȴƶѣ
һ˲ˣʱȴ׷ɽ⣬Ҳ׷ˡ
ɽ⣬ʵֻ׵һ磬ܵĹȴʵ˵ãٶȲ١
˿ҹɭɭһɭ֣ϢҪѰѶʵ̫
ӣллľ֮ùӿЦˡ˵֮УȴǱ
ްǡ·ѡѹԳɳƵͳ϶ʮĿݲ԰׵ɫмֲɣС
˵껰ҲͷתűĿջȥ
£ȴ΢΢һ֮ҲĬĬĸ
ͣ½ŲĮȻĿ˷һ۵ȥҳδŬѧ䣬Ŭȥɣ
˵գ˿£ٴתߡ
ӣ书ã̽ҿҷ£ΪūΪ澣ţҲԸ⡪ƺ¶˺ܴľģƺˣǰɫ԰׿ݵ꣬书ʮֵĸߣǶħҪϺüֲֹ
İɣ书ܣ׺ܸɴľܾȻټ·
ҧҧȲϽңԼҲ𣬻Ҳû˼һ˰ˡ
΢΢üԸգҺθɣ֮ǰ㣬ֻ˳ֶѣĪҪĻҲΪͽģȥɣ
ĬĬĴԭأþãֱıӰҲһ˿ںȻڵϣʹ
þãþá
վԶĬĬĿŷ£ңŮӣһԡ
Ůӣ׳ڱܵĸӦȷʵһѵõĺŮӣҳŮӣ֪ǷҵˣǷҵı
ң룬ȻЩ߰Դ󣬵ĵأǲģ۹⣬Ҳܶ
ΪÿǷңҵԭڵŷ֮ʱŹ˷¡
£ǵѰ·׵Ըǲ̫⡣
ˣѾˣѰֻųΪŮ֮ˣ׾Ϊ๼
ûʵҪÿŬûˣţνţҲǾųɾŵŬһɵֶѣ
ԣƬ̣΢΢ҡͷתȥ
һ̣ȴǺȻֹͣ˿վǰǣ˼壬˿硭ҲˣңһҪΪʦһҪ
¶˾ģյˮ³ʧķ׷˹ȥ
ڷµֻȻ֪ɷȻһЦ
ܣȥһԼŵҵĺѧ书ɱԼġ
οǷңҵģǷµģϾңѾˣ£ʲôϵ
뵽ң룬׶ʱ뵽Ǭ˵ңԼ飬жʱһ˿뷨
ңϵǷߣҪѶȲر󣬶ңңϣҲӦֻиԼһöߣôңŵĿԣǺܴģ
ͨһ㣬ϵǰ£׾Էǳߡ
ңңΨһֵˣ뾡һģֲһ¡
Ͼ˵ңңԼжģңӵΪԼң⵽š
ˣ׶һ㣬Ҳʼչڻ񣬴ң֣׼ȥ
ңΪγڱǣҲƾңĴȻҲ²õΣյĵطȫĵطĵĿŵҸݷõѡԣԼֳºң϶ԼҸ
ֻǣң֪ʶؼƺܿ˫ʶˣңźҹᣬѾ˶ˣ
΢΢̾ңϾ̫ᣬǷȱ
뵽Ǭ˵ġʶؼҲǲһ֮ζʱٴ
ǺܿµģһСģ֣֮
˺ܶ·˦˷£ٴ˱ϡ
£ɫԳ˼⣬ϣҲ𽥵ĳˣֵ̣ӻ̣ҲһһĿʼ⡣
;һܴ̣΢΢Ķȷʵȱһֵı
һҺ̣ܳڱǣʮ˵ãСʱ򣬱֮˵
΢΢ʱȥ


099 սս
ǴľʦǸʮľͷӣͷӶҰɫһѣȻԵúϣǾȴԵʮ壬ɫΣϣſŸ֮
һֻһۣһЦλӣǰɣİԾȷʵʺʹ͵ľ޵
۾΢΢һЦã鷳ľʦһĵ
ţСӣͷҿҲʶ֮ˣһ⣬һĵͣϷԵǰȥõĵ
ҲһϵʵճɾͲͷӱ㿴һǰЩӸճ¯ã˰ɹġشٽİս
սǺǣãʹãʦʲôҪ󾡹˵ҲȻĶ
ٽѾ⽭ܴﵽıȽϼ޵ˡ
ľСʱҲ˵ڱǣһġ
ˣҪ̫¶â
ⶫ¯꣬ߣⲻǼ۸⣬⣬ʵͿصľߺٺһЦ
Ҳ磬΢΢ͷʾ⡣
ſľͷӴãڸ󣬶ʱ۴ɫâ˸
սгж̽гǹսꪡо޸ذסзɵҲдѵĽǮһİ
һۿȥϣҫ۵ı
ңЩپżֵ鶯֮Ȼϡ٣ȴҲȵҪ㣬Ѿѵˡ
Ŀȵĵ˵ͷȷʵǺ˲õıԡնȡڵȣɫѵõǱãϾȣ
ĳ޵
ľͷоһã˵ĺãر֡ͷҺϲ
ľͷӺǸˣ׵·Ҫȴ΢΢ܿȴûбֳ
ͷӺݺݵһ۵Сӣ㵹ǺþĽģͷҿľô꣬ô
һЦֻǣ⾯֮ģȻ
ľͷʵô򵥣СʱױѾ֪񣬽֮Ӧǿҡ
һܴģı֮ˣʵҲ̫
ҪԱһ֪ǽΪͽ˵ϤܸǿĿؽ
֮ʹһݣԵѵɱɱ㲻޷ϳʵǻõõķӡ
ȻǽĻȻãΪݣѡҲ޿ɺǣ
û˻뵽ħĴˣȻʹ
֮УȻԻС׶ڿľʵ߿˼֣и̾
벿֣ľͷӺȻߵһ޴ĺڲǰĿһۣȻ˺ɫĲ
һɾɨһɫĹһţӵĴ󵶣ʱȫ¶ǰ
һ˺ʵʵĴ󵶣һԳءΪĴ󵶡
һۿȥױֻϲ֮⡣
ƺԼ󵶣Ҳ˼ָӦϵ
󵶣ˡĲţȴû̫ķӦ
˵Ǽ֮־̿ԼȲϴģȫͬʣشһʮߣһߣֵʮͷӰȻ˵ԣҪô˵ߣҪʵҪǮϾ⵶ĳɱʵںܴ󣡡
΢΢ͷ˹ȥȻס˰սİѱ
ʵ͵ĸоҲʹ׵ģΪ֮һ
һֹķ֮жʱӿͷԭƺӦֽӴ֮ȴʹмų֮С
ȻˣȻհսֶȻֱ۶ʱˡһҵĲ
𣡡
׳һֶȻǿڵĽȻٿ͵ת
һ̣ľȴɫ䣬ʱǰԲ̬ĸʵ𾪣ʱҲЩڽˡ
Ѫڣһѳսʱ׶ʱӿ˼˵ķ֮УȻ⽣ڵ漫˵ų⣡
ǰѧңڵͽϣڲ漰ȷ֮ʱԭϣֻβͬȣҲûʲôкɻ
˼£׶ԣǲڻ¡
͡
صĴֱ֮۷嶶¡
Ȼ³͵Ĳ棬Ҳǡˡһ
Ѫ֮ʹɫʱмǺ죬ֻΪߣľͷƲκζߡ
׺Ȼ۾˳˼
ڱܣڿľͷӣײûʲôΣУԣߣΪֵΡ
߱Ҫ׼ʲôΪ˹֮Ļ㶯΢΢һ㶣ȴǵı˳Ĭ
Ŀ˼еĸоǸӡ
ڼսһɲǣЩϲЩϲͬİĽһ㣬ΪΣںȴǻ㷳֮У
⽭֮УҲ֮Ʒϴģ˵켸һǷԭ϶ɵô
ԭϱʶͬΪԼоһ
׳˼ţȻ䣬ǰһ
˫ȴǶȻһĨĹâһš
ˣһϲʱתԭǰԶİսУѾȫĳΪȴһ
սսǽҲǽ
ֻҪнֺαؾΣ
ֻҪнҲΪ
ȹǡľǹֻҪڽΪôǣǽ
һ̵ĻȻʹƺõ˼
ӿսȻһһ֮£ʱӰһʱѾס˰սӰĿռɶ͵һѵɱʹȴſľͷȥ
ľʦУǲ΢΢һЦſľȥʱ򣬱Ѿѵ
֪ľʵǴ֮еʦô򵥣ͬʦ۷徳磬ʵҲﵽ˶״̬
ľһ˿Ե𾪣һã
ʱľӰҲˣȣá
һӰһһѾ֡
ԶһڲʱƮɶ𣬺ڲ棬һӶɫ޽Ȼһ˲䣬ľߵϡ
潣ƣƺ˽һһ㣬ľ׵ĹҲҴ⣬ʵȫ

ľҲǺеĽһȴǼ֮·Ǻ
һԭȻɡ
ѵɱֱӿ񱩵ʹ˳
䣡
սͺɫ޽ݺݵײһ
һ˲䣬ռһͣƺ˲ľ
Ȼ䣬ͷȻһʱоһĽⶸȻ飬ƺ˲Ҫһ㡣
״ʧɫȻˣϽݶڽһ˲ͬһ㣬ݺݽɱĽİΧһ˲ȳ⣡
д󾪣ǸڣľߣڽʹãǴﵽֲˮ׼
񹥻ýʵǷ˼ǿĹײɵò
һ̣ҲˣΪʲôľô꣬ϺñȴûңԭһΪžԵʵ
ʵȻʵ𾪣ȴ˫ĿĶſľߡ
˲䣬սȴǶȻͬ𵴲һ㣬ݺ͸ɫ޽ſľϴݶ
䣡
ľ׻һѪ˲䵹˳ȥܣײűӡ
ѵѵѵ
ӵ̮ڵصۺһ𣬻յĿռ֮С
ڿľʵ˵ãûб˵塣
ǱĴӵ𣬿ľͷǲĲ˲ͣװݺݵģСӣǳȥ±ȻþûˣŲֽţϷҲԼ׬ķӣ
ҲǾ⵶Ҫٶһ£֣һЦã
Ŀ䵽ɫʵĳϣ֪ΪΣͷ΢΢Щĸо
ƺ׽׵Ŀ⣬ľ߲мôСӣƲý֮ˣ㣬µһı
ҡҡͷǺǣǣֻǺֶѣȥȹ˵գڴͿľʦȫһս
ľͷйâһЦãԸ


100 սľ
⣬ɽ֮ۡ
վɽۣңĿԣмס
ֳֳսңָľһսܲСӶ죬ɽңʹ쵶
˿̣µòʣǸԼ׼µݡ
Сֵ֣֮޹ֺΪԴ˵֮еĶңȻ
Ϸԭʣſֱӣֻ򴥷Ź棬֣˺ĿľԺſľһΪȻʦ۷徳磬κ޷ƣʼ޷ˣ쵶Ϊ
ľ˵ȡ
֮УɵĴڣһЩɣ֮ϣֻɣӵʮϸһЩ֮ӵܣҪѧ䣬Ͷɣǧܵš
磬ѾоıȽ͸֡ءɽɽ󳬼ɣȴû䵱üɡ
ſľͷֱֿɮ΢΢Щȣȴǵԭֿʴʦʧʧ
Ǻǣ¹Ӳ˾񣬶ң֮ϣǴ֮ˣϷֻһѡţԹӣְգݹǺȻ
ڶң׶˽⣬ڡ֮Уᵽңһֲܿĵزļ壬Ȼڽ֮ƺԣʵϣ֮У׿Ʋҵǿ
£ΪֱֿɮľĻ׷˺ܶࡣ
Ȼ£⵶ǸӵܵӦãϾϰʯ׽ʱȫƵʽ
ңͿؽͬؽͻأĶȣǻʹһЩܿؽĺۼ
ȴǸһ״˿̶ڽĸ򣬼ȻΪôνİսĽǡصˡ
Ϊ㣬׵ǲ±˻ɵ
ʦע⣬Ҫˣ׳һȻ䣬ڽת
˵ǰսɿľʦ죬شһʮ
˵һ̣˫Ⱥݺݵһȵ棬䡱һʱ˿ٶȣҲǺȻﵽ˼¡
һ̣ȫ֮ս޴ѵɱʹһʱ佫ѵɱľȫʩչ˳
ڵҲȫû谭ķתţһ˲ﵽ˼¡
һ̣׾Ƿ˼Խȫʵݺݵһ
棬ڿռţһ˲䣬µĹ֮УȴǼҵĲһɾ޴ƺ͵ѹ
͡غͺƣƺľ衣
׵İԽȴ⵶İԵ֮⣬һʹͬһ㶮ý֮ˣûܿǵʵõʽ
˽ԻǡһʮǼ񡢰̿ȣʱ죡
ľ˵꣬Ҳһ㣬ȴǾأʱ˳ȥ
еĹǽֱӵգ˸򵥵ĺɨ
͡
ͬĲͬĴž޴ǽɨĵطռϵ죬
սǽٴκݺݵײһ
һεˣʱ֮䱬ը˿ռ͵һ˾Ըٶȳеȴ˲ٺ¡

ٵײƴʹ˶һ֮䣬ʮС
Ľ޴ĳʹ߻˳

һɱ֮ǰ촫Ѹٵٴεײһ
ͬʱ£䣡һ˻һԸٶȣ˻ȥ
ƺӵһζԴʱ໥Ϥ˶Էʽˣ⼸εļƴȻȫʩչҲѪڣȴûܵˡ
˫̤ڵϣֽڵϣĿ侲Ķſľ
һ̣ľȴͬĿȵĶס
¹ӣעˣһУϷ򽫻ʹ־佣⽣Ծͣͬ죡
ʦעˣһУСӽʹ¾ܵ⵶ͬ͸ңͬ죡
ãУľ˷ܣʱеĹǽ΢΢һȴǻһ⣬¡
ݡͬһ㣬ľ˽һģ׳
һ̣ľȻĻӰÿһˣȴǽǽڽ¡
һ죬ǽȻ֣ľʱƷɱٶ֮죬˼
һ̣ȴҲٱӰȻʹһ˲ҲûӰ˱ȴǺſľȥ
һУõ֣ͬʹõģȴǹΪǿ͵ɱ
ڶؼܵȴǴӽ֮ϼȻҲֻἰѣǱ֪֣׶ԴľĻˡ
Ͼһ߶ʵӴ󣬸ðߣѰ·߶̶ȸߣ֪˼٣֪ģ֮٣㣬ʵ֮ˣǲɡ
ӿ۳ͣһأĲ㹦һ̣ȫ
һ˲ȫʩչ˳
һεľĴ͸ֱӴݵսϡ
սȻ͵һʱƺ˼ǿٶȣʱ˳ȥ
ݡ
޴ٶĦû˸սѾݺݵײ˹ǽϡ
佣ȣӰȴͬһսݺס
һ̣սȴǺȻһͣƫתһеǽĹ
ء
һ˲䣬ս˳ȥһ̣ӰȴǶȻ٣˳˲ﵽޣŰս˹ȥ
Уһ죬սʮȻĻصУֱӾսһɽֱ¡
ɱһȴǽɱʹ˳
䣡
һֲĵͬ𶯼֮ݺݵĺ͹ǽٴεײһ𣬹ǽ͵һʱȫı˳ȥ
ۡ
һѪľ˫̤Ƶ棬£ȴȻ
ȿȡ³Ѫľ޵¶ӹȻ˵ãϷˣ˵գľ˼³һѪɫȴǲԵúǲ԰ס
ȻȻѪ˲ء
΢΢һЦѹͷĿ꣬ǺǣǴʦ飬Сӡ
˵һ룬׺ȻһʱĿⶸȻɽ֮
һŮǱıӶŮӣ׶ʮϤң
ң׷ģһĮӣӣȴǵձˡӰĵ޺ۡ
£ңѱѪȾ͸ӣƺأֻƾһɲʵ־ǿеܵ
ңΪߣʶ㣬ߣɣ
޺Цţеĺʵĳţȴ˲٣˳ȥ
ңƺ֪ԼӲٴεֽͣճݺݵĽĳɡ

һֶٴѪ
޺ۣȴṦݣʱ䵽ңǰԶ
ֺȻİڵĺʵ޺ȻһЦӣҿգ㻹ӵȥ
Ŀ޺ŵһң˹ȥ

¹ӳգľǽ΢΢Ц
׿ľ˼ȴ΢΢ͷʦ۹⣬СӳŲꡣ
ľͷɱεߣȲԣ֮ˣϵģûʮϰգڴ£ǲŲʵģһϷƲ⣬¹뽭á
΢΢һЦЩСӻģֻ¶棬ң棬ЩǣңƺңҺˣȻˣǲӲ
ˣϷˣ㣬ȷʵӦò֣ǺǣϷͬȥľƺȤ
Цã


101 ޺ۡ
㲻֪ͷֵǮ޺ȻһɫĳۣɫȻ䣬Ȼһ˵Ĺ°ζ
ߣ磬ΪҺңұģң˵һ̣ĺٿһףˣ٣Ҳ̫ź
Щ뷨ңһֱûбֳԼҲ֪ܡ
ԣٵȥƭԼı磬ҲԸϣԼеĳЩĵĶ
ߣף˵֮ң񣬽ҵ޺УҲˣѪ񵶵޺۰Ȼ˵ڽϣǱ׷ɱһŮˣһִҹһŮˣԣ˵ңյ޺뷨ȷңҡ
˵λ޺Ҳ
նɱһѾ޻֮Ůӣ޺ۣҲȻûзɰ㾯衣
һ죬ڵϵĺʵĳʱ㱻
ңָң񣬵޺еĳʱ˸ĵ۵˸⣬һƬƬصɱ֮⡣
һ̣ңȻûзıԵȴǺݺݵҧ촽촽ʱѪˮ
ǾȻż˵ǣΣһ̣ңʹǼܴ֮ͬھаŹħ壡
ߣħ壿ңѾֳһΣУ㲻ˣ
һ޺еĵȻ伤˳ȥʵľ޵ͬ˵ķɵŹȵٶȣֱɱң
ٶȺܿ죬ң˵ٶȣȵħʱ䣬ûУ
ˣҪˡ
һ̣ңƺԼĵƺԼѾƶҲƺ˵֮УȺǵһĻĻ¡
ֻǣһ̣Ȼ䣬ɾͬʱϮ
ֻá޺ԭɱĵȴǱ˲˳ȥ
һɫĳһ˸֮Ĵ󵶣ȴǷ˻ȥ
Ȼһλߺһ꣬ͬʱӹӰԾ䣬ԡ
λѾûˡѹ˵ңȴкȻЩĪļ
ңңڷ׶ΣʱȽ࣬˿ȴԵúǵͳҹѹͺ󣬻мɳƣټƵĲͬĲͬʹö׼ϤңҲȫûϳ
ֻǣĸоʹЩɻѡ
ߣľʦǾˮˮȴβֹѪ񵶵޺ɫ࣬ŭ֮Ѿŵǰ
Ȼ⵶޺ϣӦôźͺǿĴ㶾
Ŀľͷʲôʡ͵ĵƣ˫һɨƵ
ңѪ񵶵ͷ˾֪һЩ
ֻʵϵĲ̫󣬼ǰҲ޷Խ̫ľ˶Կ
Ҫǣ׺ͿľˣͨʦֲͬʵҪǿ̫࣬ԣڵ޺ۣѹۡ
޺СӣѪ񵶣ôţΪǿΪϺ֣ܶмңҲǸʦӶѣ
ľһս󣬴˿ȴҲ˰ľʲôˣȻˣȴݵ±Ľ
ͷɺЦľֻܱǷû٣ȴɱ˲٣⿴ϼһֻҲǸ޼֮ˡ
޺ȴЦľ㵱Ϊ˼ˣʵǿˣߣ
޺˵գȴѾȥеѪ񵶡
ò˵޺۵ĵǿ󣬺ܿ죬ҲײС
ɱˣڶǽˣۡ
ڽУôۣʵٲãҲڵ֮ʵӦûǲġ
ŵֱϵļ⣬¡ĽǶȣҲ𽥵תţ޺۹ӣ˿ƴģһֻ״̬֮µıӡ
ľЦһۣȻͬһסеĹǽ˲Ķˡ
޺һͣһ̣ǶȻڿľǰһɫĹâ˲伫޵ٶȣףɲǼЩģ
⵶޺ۣȻÿٶȣһ̾
ǣ㼫˵ٶȣǵ޺Լʮֵһǽһɲǣȴǳ׵Ĵסˡ
޺ڼΪࡢ١һɱȴ˲䣬һֻ֣סˡ
ֻͬצݵ֣һֻ֡
ľס˵޺۵ĵ⣬һ޺ֶʱڴһʱ侹׼
һ̣ľֵĹǽȴǺȻ䷴Խݺݵĵڵ޺۵ؿڡ
ۡ
һѪ޺۵Ҳʱ֡
ľȻһЦνѪһӣǽȻն
ϡ
һɾ޴ŹǽݺݵĺնѪϡ
Ѫ񵶶Ȼһ𣬶ʱءһը˿һʱ䣬ڻͬʱʱѵƬ
ƺͬĺ͵һϵ޺۴˿ɫ˲һ԰ףݺݵĶſľ֮еĺ⣬Ǽ˵ľ
ľЦһСӣˮƽؼҸʦʮ
޺ͬЦľһ죬Ҫ֪ҵ޺۵³
ľɫһߣǸʦӣĪҪϷ֣
ľ˵գȴһƣǽȻڿת˼ȦȻرʡ
޺⣬ȴǺݶĿ˿ľһֶۣ׿һۣתȥ
ȴǽսӼϷȻ޺ۣôģߣ
޺ۻعжʱһɼ˵ŭ⣬ȴǳСӣĪҪ̫񣡡
񣿡ײмһЦʱֱʹӰȴûӰ
Ӱڵ޺ǰֺȻһס˵޺۵Ĳӣײм㣿
˵գ׵һˤ޺۶ʱ㱻һɾУһ̣סŵ޺ۣº͵޺֮ǰһģһһС
һĨ⣬һ̣ڵ޺Уϵ£ֻһĨ⣬⣬Ҳһš
ۡ
һѪˮԵ޺ͷ
Ӷͷģٿ£޺˶ʱһΪ
ʬӿ£Ѫˮء
ĵ͸޺۵壬ֲڵһĹ֡
㶯ľ΢΢üȴûж˵ʲôңȴǺȻٴηһ˿Ϥĸо
ǡңһʱ׵ϸĿ˼ۡ
Ȼң۾ʪˡ


102 ԨԪӤԱ1
Сֵܣ⵶޺˵޷ֻǵԣȴЩ鷳СֵܣջעЩľΪЩĵĿһۣ˵
׵ȻһЦ޷ţʦ⵶СӱˣǮ֮ڣ͵ϡ
ľЦСֵܲžУţѾͷƺл㣬Ϸ㲻ˣϷȥҲ
Цʦߡ

ľʶȤˣһϲ¼ɵˣڶףͨԣѾ֪һصˣ֮ˣһԾŶ
ڶҹӵݣľǺŵģϾܽõ㼫£˵޺۵Ե֮⣬٣Ľõõˡ
ףȴǿң񣬰û˵
ңҵĺ˰ɡ׳˵һ̣û˵Լݡ
ңȻкüɵĿΪǰ֮ףһߵ̫󣬶߱ǿľʦȸȴǰ֮ΪСֵܣӻʮϤǰ컹ҳǣǵĿܣҲôɡ
ңг˼ţȴ΢΢ǷǣСŮлӾ֮
΢΢ͷǶҵĶ죬ңңңˮǰǰϵͬã伮֮Ͼмأңѣǡҳ˳㣬Ҳ̫⡣
ԭǶ¶٣Сʵʧ֮СңңҺˡңʱٴι
棬ȴԼм֮ƣңˣ׸ˡ
ţңңţԭ׼ɽִ£ıɣȴһҹ֮䣬ţ£˺ܴķ粨Ҳеɽ
֪ңңмѣ΢΢̾
ӡСõһѣĺơңңֻʣСŮһˡңҧ񴽣˵
΢΢һͣ㡭ɡ

ң֮󣬴ңҴұһʱ䣬ڽɽ֮ǰ
¹ӣ㡭ңţһ̣еĳ뷨ɵøӵǿˡ
á׺Ȼ˵
硪磬㣡ң񾪺һȻˮӯ˫գʱ׵ĻС
鴤ţһ̣ң޵ĺģףͷҲʮֵĳء
ң磬οˣãȥһط㲻¶ģңңȻֻʣһˣ縺ٴңҵΣ
ȻҲԶ֧ģ
ң׸оƽǱܽһ޶ĵβ֪ң㺣
ֻǣңҲһĸѡ
ң鷽棬뵽֮Ҳһ
죬ΪɱİŮˣɾ˰Խ֮ǰ֮Լȥô
ٴ̾ϢһңԼĻ
ң񾪺һȴǶȻ˵ĺΡ
⣬ǴߵЧɼ֮£ңӦúǽߡ
ãע⣬Ҫȥˡº˵
磬㡭ң񾪵ĲˣȥôҪԼһô
˿̣ң¹ײȴЩ֪룬ͷκģ֪ϱҲҳһƬľƺˡ
ǺǣģµģţסɣҪˡװοȻ󣬺Ȼоۼһʱͷһ
ϡ
˻ʱ˵Ĵ˳ȥһ̣ңɫ䣬ʱѾ԰֮ͷĿѣѪڣѪһ㣬ҲǴ󺧡
һ̣ؿںȻһȵڻŽң˽ȥʱңȫûַ֮С
׳Х֮󣬿ԶȻӰ͵ļ٣һɾ޴Ĺԣʹңݺݵײ׵ؿϣ壬ʱ׵ؿڽġ
ң΢΢̣Դһӱ㡰䡱һԺˣǾ޴ʧظУò
һ̣һɫӰȻ׵¡
ǽ㡣
ǵһĿͬͰ
⣬ǡң񾪴ˣ֮ǰѾʶƿȺ֮£˿ڼ򵥵֮󣬱Ҳƽ
ǵٶȣ۵糸һ㣬ڿмٴУ䡣
߷Хķ֮Ǻ㣬ңɴ˸
ܿ죬Ǳ׺ңٴεǸ˵ıʯ֮
һʯ֮ϡ
Ŀһֿۣ˿ңǱԹԵļ
ãǽܺõģɣҪȥЩ飬ʵûдﵽʦ־磬òҪȥ׽ң͵İȫȫķ
ʹ˼֡
磬ҸûֻǺɢˣʱҺ˳ңҵ˵Ҳˡңһ̹׵֮ǰ˵Ϊ֮ģ˿̣ףңȻŵùġ
ţ£ҲµҲ˾Ųʮˡ΢΢ͷʾ⡣
硭ңĿᣬɫ죬ƺֹ
⡱һ£򣬵ãѹԶ׵ĺñãʲô£綼Ϊġ
ڡԶϣײûпضңȴȻˡ
ɫЩңȴǿ΢Цţ磬ˣŬġ
ʱȴۣĿңһۣЩӵĿһۡ
վĿȵĿǴ֮Լ׹⣬Ƭ̣ȴ
ûע⵽Сһۣ˵ǽ㣬ͽչˣţҳȥͲҪˣģһġ
룬ֵǽ㣬Ӱ㿴һЩɣЩӣҪ鷳ˡ
˵ţԭֻǵĵ˵ͷ˵ңҵʱ۾һȴǱֳ˼Ȥ
ңߣΧת˼ȦǴ˸ǷĿ⿴ףƺ˵Сӣİɣˡ
ȷʵˣ£˳Ŷȥ
硭
ңһٴε¡

ɽ֮Ȼƽֻ̨׼ȥʱȻϰԵһԶƵԨ֮ء
צ֮У֪Ԩ
ԨȻ۳֣׺ǸȤ
ϰԵĿȥʱٴμеĻ˸
΢΢ٴĸоһʱҲЩ֣Ȼۣ֮УƺֻܻƻʵЩ֡
ѾǵߴοֵĻˣ꣬ż䣬Ҳֵܻͬλһĸо
ÿоϸʱǵطȴʲôûˣ֮ǰһþһ㡣
һΣͬĽ
ҡͷ̾ײȥԨֻһûʵɹȥҲƺо档
һΣȻͬȥϧҲûʵҲֻǿеǿź֮ġ
һ̣׼Ҫϵ֮ȥ
ǣȻȻ͵һ𣬶ʱһſֲĻ֮⡣
һɫĲӰȻֱ
״󾪣
һ̣һҵĻһռ棬ƺΪŻùŤ֮
кȻ
ʲô
ɫӰһͬӤһ㣬һͬһɫķɽʱȴ˲ǰǧ׵¿ռ䱬˿
䣡
˲Ҫشݻһ㡣
һʱ䣬ֻһڣĩվҪ١
ضˣһ̣ʲôоûУȫˣ˫ۣȴĶǽɫӤӰ


103 ԨԪӤԱ2
һ˲䣬֪Ϊʲô˫֮ؼٶȶȻıˣ׿ֲĿһɫӤȻ䱬ըһɫս׵ӣȴ˲䱻ը˳ȥ
ǣһ̣һƺܸ͵ӡͬһֻ޴ƣʱ£ȻһסǱըӤ
ۡ
ռɣǳƵ𵴣Ѿ˼ޡ
ɽʯ׵
һϤƮ
ϤζϤ崿Ůζ
ױϢƽʱ´ָ
һУƺٴƽ
ֻǣƬ̣֮Уٴλ˸ƺٴγֳ̬֮
ɫ䣬׼Ѹٱӣǣǻһεˡ
ɫӤӰһɫӤӰ
һ̣ռĿƺһ˲ü˵ճռ䣬統ѹӴĺһ㣬ʹ׸޷ˣ˿̣׵ͣҪ쳣ѡ
֮ͬ޴ѹѹһ㣬һʱ䣬ܵҪ
ڵ嶾ƺҪĳ嶯ѪҺ٣ǿѹ֮£ʱҲʼļת
ǿ
ǽɫӰǿ֮⣬ûĸо
ǿ󣬱֮еǿǿ̫࣬ǿƺȫһܽɽƵһ㣬⣬ȫĲһ˵
һ֮һ
ţĿ⾪ĿһĨԼ
˫ȵһΣ״Ĳˣ˵ǿ̬ˡ
䣡
һҵԱ֮ϿȣʱΪ֮һ޴ľ磬ʱ˿ŭ˻ȻⱬըĲ˲䣬׵ģһƺĸоһ˲Ϯһ㡣
˫ȳ֮ŲֵĲӣģҲһӵ͵˹ȵס
бʶԼҪˣȻĽٵĸоʵǲġ
룬ۿѸ͵羢ˣѾȻ˹
һ̣˲䣬ȴٴ͵ĳһ޴Ľɫӡ
Ȼһѽռ䶼ץУȻȻǼ˵ĳƵһ
ˡ
ϿٴεˣԶϿȷ϶֮⣬ƺӰȴǿ
ڽɫ֮еٴαը֮𣬿ԼһŮƺ֮
ء
ѪˮɫʺɫӵѪˮȻ䣬ͬһ㣬ӿƮ£䵽棬׵
ϤϢϤζһ˲䣬׾Ƿ𼫶Ϥĸо
Ȼ̧ͷ֮Уȴʲô
һ̣ɽȴҲԼ˶
ռָԭģɽɫĹâһֻһˣȻĿһףû£Գο֮⣬Ͷһ˿֮⣬ʱٴνɽ֮С
׻Ӧ֮ĿͶԨ֮
ٴεеĵѪЩɻͲ˼顣
ϤˣޱȣңЩˣʲôʵҲףǣŮǺˣĬĬػԼߣ
ǵ֮ԣһδŮӣ㵽һϣӡ֮УϤŮӣѾˡ
ǣ׿Կ϶Ůӣһܿң񣬶ʲôˣ
Լģ˵Լƭ㱻ɱŭ뿪ƼŮӣ˲ַ˴ˡ
룬׵ò𰸣Ҳˡ
У˿ֻǶŮӣżĵǡ
ײɵӣǽɫӤը˿ֲĻɽ͵۾Բ²⵽Ǵ˵֮У֮еľ֡ԪӤĸ֣
һԪӤĸ֣ȴǱƵԱ亹乣֮ˣǿ¡
һ̣׵ļʶǣʱҲ֪ԼʵڽϣǺ˵ã½֮ϣȴʵ̫ˡ
ǣҳǣÿһǳأС൱ڵϵһʡݵĴСңÿһǳ֮طΧ֮ڣЩԶŴɽϿ֮ĵطд࣬Щɽ¡ԨЩط
ɽƺŮ塢紨֮еɽɺɽɽϿȡ缫֮Ʈѩǵıϲ㣬ϺȵȽɵط˵Ȼ֮֮ĵط
䣬СȺ飬磬˽⻹͸ԭǸȵӴǧԭֻǾڹŴĽһ׺ȻףνĽ֮УһĸӿֲĴڡ
ֻǣ֣ѣǽɫӤȴ׵ı˱ȵıըȴǸ׺ܴĴ
뵽ԪӤը뵽ǸԼ߰Լؼʱ̾ȻԼŮӣԵֽԪӤըУҲǲɵһ
ѪˮƮ£ʹףŮӵĵǣҲȫļˣһ㿴ŮӵΪӦúܸߣҲԪӤߺܶࡣ
磬һ̣ȫ߸׵֪
ǣȴȻ򶨣Ȼš
ңϵףֻҪ㹻ŬֻҪ㹻ΪҲǲڻ£ΪǶôȥһʱ䣬һУΪ⣡
뵽һ㣬׸ӿͻ쾳ˡ
ŵһؽ⾳磬һͻƵһؽ⾳ĵ㣬Ԫôؽ쾳磬ɾ֮Դ
ĿûнĶԨɹȥһϧʵûʵ
Ժ֮˼ţǰȻһӰһţһɵ㣬Ĵӵ֮
׵ģΪ֮һ
ǵģŮӵ㡣
ΪŮŨףΪ壬մȾѪ֮ʶǿļЩ̬ԣһЩϤζܺų
ܽܿңˣҲһֻЩˣҲҪȥζʶ
ٴεɻʱԨ֮УٴλһΣȴǰŵĽ˸
һͻʱ亹£ʵ̲סҪƿڴˡ
ģˣﻹ治Ǵĵط̾ţȻ䣬˫Ŀɵôġ
һɫսװסŮӣԶԶվԨڵգŲʵһĵɫ˫ɽ
һɫս׵ӣͬվͬıɫķɽ
һǵĽ׵ģݺݵһ
⣬Ľ
Ũܵ˸ŵ뵵Ĺâʹϲ˼㣬ʵ׵޲ƴĳȥ˵
ֻǣ뷨Ҳֻˡ
ԶԶվˣ׹˫ۣϸȥȴȻģԼֻܿ
ǾʹԣŮӣʹ׾ãǸԼߵŮӣоڵʮֵǿҡ
ƴ˹ȥϧôֻܿ˵ĺͷۺɫսףǲʵһŵ˫
ӣҲͬ޷ò
ǣ˵ʣȴʮԡ
Ůӹ°ϡɭɭа졢ײС
˶ţȻ䣬Ȼըѿ˶Ȼʧˡ
˵ķȻԼٴδĻƣĽ⡣
һ̣׻Ȼƣǰģԭ֮ս
׼Ŀţʵϣƺ˶ڹȴû⡣
͡
ռ䣬ȻһֲĹ֣ʱ˽ȥ˵ӰҲȻ˼֡
һ̣׿Ƿɫս׵ŮӣһĨ⣬һɫĲ豭һĶ豭֮УʱһѪɫĹâ
ǺӣһԾв豭
͵һжȻһԴǷΣʱɴʧɫ豭豭ƺ


104 ֣1
𾪣һǺ嶸ȻһʱѪɫĹâϣʱƺ˲ĲҽһףȻ
һ̣ɫս׵Ůӱ˫ȴǺȻΪˣһd״ֱԾײںؿڡ
ռȻһ
ӻһ𣬶ʱ˲䱬ը˿
һ̣ںȻһɫԪӤԼѸݵٶȣŷɫսŮӳȥ
ԱԱ
һ̣һʱΪǷɫսŮ˰ѺжʱҲ
֪ΪʲôԼ֪ΪʲôԼôĽš
ǣƺɫսŮһ˱ɽȻУȻһĨԽӿǽȴǱȽֲ֡
͡
ɲǼ䣬ɫսŮӱ㽫ǼըԪӤ
أ
֮͵ıը˲䣬ɫսŮӱʧˣɢڣֻƬ̣ǿռ䣬ָԭģ
ԼĪǧ׾֮⣬ɫսŮӵȻվƺ΢΢Щ
ʵһĲɫ˫ţ𽥵ıСȻ˲ķ˷ɫսŮӵ֮С
һ̣Ůתףƺң
޷֪һɫսŮӵݣƺȴǸܵ˱Ŀ⡣
֪Ϊʲô׵ģһ˫۾˼ɬУҲȻһɾҵʹ֮⡣
ƺƺŮӣʶ˺ܾãܾһ
׵ģɵĲԨ֮ŮӵӰѾϢɢˡ
Ůӣˡ
׵ͷһĿյ֪֪Ϊʲôһʧ꣬һĸо

̾Ϣһջؾۼ˫֮ٴεңԨȴҲ˷١
̧ͷ˿죬ϴʣ֮ȴǷŵ䡣
תһɾ޴Ӱõ˼ޣһ̣׶Ȼֱ۵İսʱͱϽ˲䣬ɱȥ
¶壬߶ȻߣȴûлѩڣֻԵм䡣
ٽɽ£걱Х֮֮ͬˣĿš
Ժ֮УɫսŮתȥʧɲǵģƺ㲵Ŀ⣬ƺʹĲᡭ
ˣ˭Ϊȴܣͷţһ̣¶һģһһҪŬһҪŪ£һҪŪ壬ɫսŮӣ˭ΪʲôôԼ˱
ԼĸоŮӣһԼĳֹϵڣֹϵǺĲ˵Ĺϵ
ǣȴǺԼʲôʱ򣬺ʲô˵Ůйʲôϵ
սٴ̾һȴűȥ
˿̣Ƕ죬Ҫжҹӵơ

ǣϼ壬峤ڸҡ

ĺǬкһ̣ȫͨͬյˮһ㣬޴ϵţϵıѿڿռ֮Уը
أأأأ
ڵʼըѿһ̣Ǭ
Īתתȥɫȴ֮
ɽ⣬ȴԹۣһ²ؼģ
ǬҪܲˣԼ˵ˣߣˣɽЦ
Īɫһڣ۵СӣĪҪ̫ڲ̫ˣߣ
񣿹Īƾ㣿ɽһһĪĲϡ
ꡱһͷ촫һ̣ĪʱҲɵˡ
㣬ʲôϡĪɫ˲䱻ͨ졣
ߺߣĪΪ£ȻƽȣЩҲע㣡ɽɫ䣬ѹģ˼ηǱ
˵գɽʱ֣ĪҲǼһ
ȿȡ
ĪȴǴ󺧣ڷɽʵ̣һο߼֡
ϣɽȷʵõļԼĲʺͷŭ˵ģֺγе뷨
֪ɽܲ򵥣һ̣Īоǿˡ
˵ǾųɵĳɹôôôʹࣿĪĵʵǬĶӰ˿ô죿
Ҳһʧܼôߣܼѧûһ֣ʮֵʹģ
ֻоʹĿ飬ܳΪĸ֣ɽȻ˵
ĪȻŭȴǲòϣ⻰ȷʵе

һҺٴεĴıըţһѪɫĹâǬϣ
͡
ѪɫĹâ֮УǬȻƯ
⣬ôһֻľ޴ѸٵĴһ㣬Ƕͷλ¸ֱۺͽűˡ
һڣ⡮ҪʮΣ
ǿֲ⣬ʹǬԭģԵü˵
һ̣״̬֮£ѪɫĹâ𽥵ںϵǬ֮ڣǬǿֲƣȴԽԽǿˡ
ǹɷʱʹ÷ɽһ˲һĿֻţɲǼ䣬ǲɵõ뵽ɱ
ڸ뵽ſڣǿֲ˼Ĵȶ
ɽⲻעѪɫɷҲ𽥵ƽ
ﵽʦ־磬˿̣ɽǶôϣǸаɻꡯ֮Լֱӿ쾳磬쾳֮磬ϧ
𼸷ֵļ֮⣬ǣɽ׵ûбֳκζ
ٴοǬɽо˸һ̣ɽѾۼʶǬľͻƣӸտһ־磬˲ҡֱϣֱͻƵʦ۷徳磬һֱڲͣı仯
ڣ䡱һڵѪɫڿԽʦ۷徳ıԵ
쾳磬ҲѾˣ
ɽ׹һǼ֮⣬ϱ˲临ȴƬ̺Ȼ侲Ŀš
һ̣Ǭƽɽ⣬ȴ˼ּɵˣѾҪѪ֮·ˣԺ󣬴ˣؽԼɵ֮һ
ٹƬ̣ϢƽǬɫָ
˫۶Ȼͬͭһ˫Ŀ֮УһѪɫ׹⣬֮˫𽥻ָͨһƽ쾳֮ķ豹ˡ
㾳磬Ѿˡ
Ǭվ˿һɢȳѪɫʣƽɫ򶨵ĮĵлַŵѣȻһأºѴȥˣ
֮Уȴǵɱ˸Ȼ֮ǰĻǬˡ
ɽ⵭ȻһЦϲǬֵܾɾ磬ҵҫ棬Ҳһܸ˵ģ»ȥҲýˣ
ߣ붯ң㲻棬ͳְգɽܿȴǺݺ˵
ţǺǣΣЧҪãֹûŶˣ֣ңץסˣʻŮԪ֮ѪҲǲĲƷٺٺ١Ǭа֮ɫ˸Ц
ң񣬱˾ˣ޺ۣһ룡ɽһȴɫ˵
ʲôһ룿ǬɫҲһɳ˼Ƭ̣׻ˣ
ߣҪˣһоͺðˣˣףԼĪʮ߰꣬ǶҵĶٶ죬һֵǿ󣡵Ҳϣˣʵɲ⣬ֻǱףй֮޲
ɽʮص˵ûһΣһˣ˽
ڷɽ⣬ĪǬо˽ģ÷ɽɵɼˣʵ˲á
ңǬĪɫһ䣬ȷ
ɽЦΪϲĺи˵ƭ棿Ϊ£Գˣң˳ֻ²ʹ˰ˣ
Ͷг𣿡ǬĪȴǳĬ
ҳϼ֪ңЩԨԴġ
ֻǴĺܣջǮ֮ޣǶ¶ǮϺأɽƺſϷĿ˵
û뵽ǣһϷãһȥǬǸ˵˵


105 ֣2
ɽҲ΢΢һЦԭĳ֣ȷʵҲȽϸˣֻҪôʵһ£֮ĳޣҲһȤ¡
Ī˿ȴЦһ㣬ѣңٲҶֵġ
ǬȴЦ峤ϣҲҶ֣ȴǲͬˣϹܼҿ󣬶˭ܱϹܼ
ģֻܽϹܼˣֻҪöֳܽìܣǺϣźͶ춷
£ٿϹܼң϶ɣ̫ƻˣңϹܼңƺҲɿĪ˵
£ҵùܼĺܺã峤պ޹ܼûõħɽЦҪ˵˵ˣң״Ӳɹ֮󣬹ܼҶ֪ôܵõ
ңܽûѧοɣɶ˵ɶмɵ
ԭǶˣȻû˲óɺܴ֪̣һ㣬Ҳϲĵطڿɿɿ˵˶ûá
ȷʵǺǣճأ˵ˣǶֻҲеһսˣ٣죬˵ʵӦʮ˵áǬһЦ蹫ӣǽһΣ
ɽɫ򶨣΢΢һЦˣ£ϢҪ֮ǰϱģ㲻ˣֱأ
أǬҲǵȻһЦ
ʱɽչѸٵĶȥ
һ̣ǬĪɫȴͬʱ
ݶע㣬ղţû°ɣǬɫĿ£һ̣˫֮аĹⲻϵ
ĪһƺԼǰЩ־У˵Ϊ˼Ǳҿֶȷʵݣʧˣ˵ı㶼ˣ
ߣ˸ҶԵ֣ʵ
ң͸һɹɵƺǳԹ˵ľѪģ˱зˣǱзϵô
ߣһ죬ҪѪǬŭ˵ƺûʲô߼
ǬôˣĪЩʱСĵʵ
Ǻǣû£֮ǰʵϴˣ絹ĵңΪˣһĶ֣˹⼤Ȼֻǲʲô˼Ǭ΢΢͵ɫ˸ͬʱͷ亹䡣
棬治ʲôṳ̂޳ʥĸ磬ȻڽʵЩ֣ҡףǬ㣬ʶѣаɻ꣬˵ɺȻһ˲쾳磬֮ɱѪôĪЩȵ˵
ɣѪЧƺʮֵӴ󣬻ԭɣΪ˰ȫ㻹ȥɣȻʯҵţҲ֪᲻ᷢ
Ƿɽ⣬׼ͷβκʱ˲룡
Ī΢΢һȴҲ̲סֺּ£ãǬСģ
ĪȻǬԼ㵱˳ȥ
Ǭȴһ˿ŭͺ

ٴǵʱһҹ
ϴʮƱŰսһ˾ŵĴϡ
һ̣׵УȻıǷɫս׵ŮӵӰװǻӣÿÿ룬ЩĲ
塭ˣұһȻ߱ÿһ䣬˳ѰһŮӰɣҺôһ°ɣܡ
ţ˼ǿľ̻ǧ׵ʱкȻһ庹ë׶ʱȫ
һʱ͵һ٣Ӱȫʱٷ
һ̣֮жȻһӰӰһɫۣȴ档
ĿͬԱһɵôģĿ֮ƣٴʧˡ
ף˿һ¥ת֮ȫסȣҲ˲伸ȫΪ㣬ð죬Ż
óαװװϢȣһһĺá
棬ôıˣƺڵԼͶ˵𾪣֪Լװ죬ӦþԲġ
ңңԲ©ǣΪηԼ
оɲȴ뵽Էܵ嶾֮Ҳ˵һ룬׶ʱʮпܣСĵ嶾Ϣ
ڣΪ˱ʱָѨ
ð죬ȷʵ޶׵չһ˲ųȥ
һ̣Զףһȴ޶

һҹٴڳɽȹ
֮ȻǶģƱȻٴνǡ
һΣȫ۵ĸѨſŵĬĬ
ǱʶΪҪȴģӦ׶Ƕ죬ϾҲ׫ģѹӦûйϵ
ǣ׸벻ǣ׫ţȴʹ
Ͷңƺʮֵ
ײ֪ԣȻ裬ȴȻŴ󵶣ڵķλȥ
ʱȻ䣬ӵȺ֮Уһݺ㲵ŮӶʱϲӣӣΪͽɣӣˣüˡ
ˣȴǷ¡
˿̣µֹ赲׵ǰ
ʱ֮㶯ʹ֮ˣԼЩָָģ׵Ҳ⣬ȫӵƿ£ֱӳԶȥ
ۣߣɽһһҲ˹ߵģǬ
˿̷ɽòȴѾȫĸıˣȻǾݵģ˿̣ݣϵӵܡ
ӵܣм򵥽飬һȾ䣬Ҳ㲻ʲô
˸٣ȻģǴ֮ϣ޴̽׵޲
ɽˣעνĶˣǰսһǱʶˡ
ǬŶıӰȴǷһ˿ĸоһ̣ɫҲЩ֡
ˣƺЩϤǬ˵
ɽⲻ֪ɷЦʦ֣޶ƣϤ⣬ԼҲơ
ǬΪҲֻǵȻһЦûж롣
ǣˣȴǽ󷽿·ȫˡ
׿ŵ߽̣ȻоЩԾоһ˿ĸооȴǳԶΣյĴĸо
Ȼ䣬ɫһʱָоʵӴ֮ˣϸһо׻ֲķ֣磬Ǭţʵһٴ쾳ɣ
жȻһȴٴ⣬ǬߵһˣȴΪʵζ޷ı䣬׵ԣһٱųǷɽ⣡
޲ĶǺͺܿһʵǸɱкһ̣ȴȵѹţ׼֮ЩǬɱ
ô벻ִĶҩǬû
һ̣ڵɱⶸȻȴʱûб
ʱǷ£ȴʲô֪ģɵɵٴ˹
ӡūΪͽɣūʲôʲôġҧ촽ӣ촽Ѫ˿ɫ԰׶㲡
ɽȻߣһȴҲɫ࣬޲һƽ
¼Ůˣɽкݺݵš
һ̣ٴεȷǰ̵ĺɫţ׹
ӡūΪͽա˵ţٴεĿͷͷײڼӲʯͷϣѾѪʪ͸
ĬĬĿ˷һۣÿ
ҡͷĿ⺬ᣬȴʮ־ǿ
ÿŭһȻӼ֮ж£ڵϣ濦һ죬Ȼ˿
½һȴվ£ѪȾ˫գĬĬվߡ
죿¶٣㾹˱ǣϲɺأ쿪ۣ˵ţɫһţ˳
ɫһ϶ߣΪߣȴմȾ⽭Ҷңգȫűؽ壡
״˿кǾɲٰ죬ĳˣԼ治һĵù
ҵˣȻôĿǺǣʶʲô˰ôٺЦǲм
ҲǲмЦ϶ľ磬Ҳ龳ɣ
ڶģͷԪӤڸȣϾԼۼԪӤԱƣϼһǿʵ̫࣡
飿ѵ龳ˣѹô񣡡ȻͬЦˣȴǶ˼ּɵһ죬ûӦԶҵǶ
Ҷ棬龳磡׵Ȼ˵
ǣԭ鶼ûдﵽôգڽӣЦȴЩɻʧ˼ǧ꣬ѵûкãûд
ҲȻ϶Ҳʵ㣬Ҷ棬Һͼ峤ϵԨ⣬Ԩ֮ģʵʲô磬Ӧ֪
㣬㡪ǰʲôˣɫɲǼмֲ԰ףƤһһģһ̣˵ˡ
ܸߣҲԪӤڶѣңԪӤҺͳƼɫģͬӤһ㣬ܴɱˣʱұԼһһɫսףںɫ⽣ӣ׵˵
⻰֮󣬲棬ɽǬɫ䣬ڰǿľɫҲʮֵѿ
εһЦ˻֣ǸĹ֮ǰᣬôˣϷСףСƭϷ
ãܺãѹ֡
϶б¾Ͷְգ˵ɫһͷǿԼݣ˿̱¶Ϊһ¶ֻˣᶢԼˣ
ãСΣ˭㣡ߣ˵ʱһץľеĹǽԽĳ˹
һ̣Ǭͷɽоһ˶ʱѾݣҲ̽ҴԼ׼
˿̣ȴע⵽Ǭ˵ĶҲǲ˿
һ̣Ȼ⿪ֵȫӡѨȻ˲䱬ǿֱӵĹᴩָ磬񱩵嶾
ϡ
̲סһļ˻ʱ͵ס˰սһ˲䣬սͬ壬ƺһֲֿҾ磡
˲䣬ֱʹǿĿɱУֽɱ
ˣԼ˿ݵٶȣݺݵһ
䣡͵һը֮
һУȴͬڵһ㣬ݺݵĵ˳ȥ
ۡ
һѪڵϣݺݵĲ棬ھȶ
ӣ㣬㡪´ʧɫɫ԰ףй֮ɫŨ֮
ް³һѪ״ϷµĻٴվŵ˫Ѫ˸Ҫƴ
ף죬ʵڹ죬ʦ۷ʵӲϷһУߣϧţҲãɣһӰٴα
һ̣ĽУȴǾҵɫԪ
һΣ棬ߵҪߵĨɱڴˣ
ڽأûзϡ
Сġ
˲䣬¾˲ĽױסȻݵĶʹ΢΢һ㶡
һ̣һ嵭Ʈ׵ģ΢΢һзһ˿ã
ϤϤζٴγ֡
֮Уһɫս׵ŮӣȻͬŮٽһ㡣
ϣɫսɢĵ㵭ɫĹΣķɫսװǰȻ޳ģ鶯һֿòԻ֮һУôΨ
ʵһ˫ûţеøޱȡ
ĹǽѾ˷µĺ󱳣һ̣׵һûһ˿Ρ
Ʊ㡪Խˣ֣ͬһ̣ɽ⡢Ǭ¡ףľԼڳԶԶΧڽˣһ˲䣬ˡ
䣬˶
ɫһǽѾնɱȥˣɱ׺£ǣĽƺڿռˡ


106 ˡ
ۺɫսףƮɵĲʵ˫
һ̣Ȼм˻һµĲӰ
һ̣ؼܾܾ֮䣬˵
һ̣ɫսŮĲʵ˫ʱɲֹһĲʺ֮⣬ֱӴ͸⾲̵ֹĿռ䡣
ۡ
һ屻͸һ˲䣬ͬ׺ݺݵĺһһ㣬ݺݵһ
һѪ͵Ĵ֮
ѵ
ǽе£ݺݵڵϡ
ۡ
һѪɫҡ
ֻǣиûһ˿ĺ⣬Ҳûһ˿ķеֻǾ֣ޱȵľ֡
һȻʹ˵ļҪȴǡô˲ҲûлһΪûʮĿޣ޷ָ
ԣг˶ǰ֮ʵļ˿־֮⣬ҲŶǿߵغ;η
Ϊߣòֽ֮£ⱾѾǱĬϵĹɣԼֻֻΪżƣҲνǵǿ˳ˣвźĪ
ֹסѪ漴̹ɫսŮǰллллǰɱ֮Ʊһٹʽ֮£ǱĿޣ֤
һֵ̣ûһĺ⣬ȻΪխҼǺޣҲ֪ǰ֮ˣʵ̫ǿˣǿˣûг֣һ¾ɱԼĵز֮ˣ˲𷴿ͷ
ɫսŮ΢΢ͷˣ£ԿѡһطٸҲ뷲֮ս
һ򵥵ġ֣ͬȴвžը
һɫϲͷлǰллǰ⣬ȥ¡
Ʊˣ򵥵һиĨɱǴ˿̣ĺܸˣǺȻ䣬ӵһ㣬էէϲת䣬Լǲ˼顣
ȻܸлƱȴҲ˸ۡ
ϣɫսŮƺά򣬵ʵ
ƱȴǲΪȻɫսŮӣȻΪ׶һ㣬Կ϶ԣж׺ңǼɵˡ
ԭõĽԭʼ汾׫дҲȥˣ̫ˡ
ңãҲʵǲġ
ǣĵȴȻЩģ뽫ҪҵĴ峤뵽ҪͽҲܣ¾뿪ҲûлȥѶһʱҲֻա
ǰź˺ҳͻǡȻԷɫսŮʮ𾴣һ̣ʳеĵǡ
ɫսŮ΢΢ֻҪôǽ޹ء
ƺܱ䣬ΪĺԸо˸ܸо⻰ƺǾ飬ǣƺһӦȻ
ЦˣҲˡ
Ϊһˣ˵Ļġ
һ̣ƺҲ׵ľȷʵֻҪߵŮȷʵ֣һǴ书ԣŮȴûֹԭɣ
һ̣׵ģȴмִ
Ůӣ˿վĽˣ׸оϤģϤĵ֮ɵĲʵ˫ǼĹе񣬺ƺϬӦ
ʹ࣬Ҳʹ࣬ΪʲôЩζȴǲ֪ôӺ˵
ĬĬĿƺķɫսŮӣһΡ
صδ֪ܣ׺ǿգ׵޲ʵ̵ͻͽó׵Ū⵽ôһ¡
䣬ǰʮ꣬Ѿʮ꣬ǣȴ֪żǰһκһйصŮӣЩܺǰɫսŮӶϺš
ȻĪֵģмǹǣ֮ˣԼʶģ
һ̣׾Щ飬ĺܿЦҲܱ
ˣҲߵİˡ̾Ϣһ˶ʱվҲǽһۣŷɫսŮһ񣬶ʱųⷽȥ
һ̣ԭΧŵĺܶˣԾóһ
ֵ˺ܶ࣬ȴȻĿ£ʥˣѼһΣԴϣ֮С
ɫսŮȻУӰȴǿʼ𽥵ı䵭
һ̣һʹƺܵǲĿ⣬ĿԼһһ
𣬱ߣ
׺Ȼ亰˳˽ֵϵš
ꡪ
ʱΧһƬ
˴ϷʵĿ⿴ţ˴ζĿ⿴ţҲˣͬɵһĿ⿴ס
ⳡΧҲ۷׷ס
Сӣɵ˰ɣ˼ʲôˣǴ˵֮еʥˣߣ⣡һӣҧ˵ȴġ
ǰǰ˼ӾȵģƼƻ棬ǸΪأһƺǡ֡ĺ꣬ųȻ˵
֪ʲô˲ŲǶ¶٣û֮ǰ˵ƭôҲ°˾ڷҵףֻʵǿֲһһСѹ˵
ʲôףнħסԱź󾪺
ţ
һʱ䣬˾˫۷У˲ٴţǣĻ棬ȴǼٵȼ

Ϊʦ۷ַ֣֮Ӳһʵ˵ǿ⽭֮ϣҲѾվ۷ˡ
˿̣ΧۺͺۣѾںˣȻ¶ˣҲٴˣһѳߣ¶˱Ŀ
սһХ͵Ĳ档
䣡
һԭۺ졢̰֮ˣʱ̰֮ɫټ
𡭡ߡϤڷɫսŮУӰ΢΢һ٣˲侹Щ
ᣬǷɫսŮӣȴ׻һ㡣
תףɫսŮ㡭ǵ˭
һŮӵòǼȴǿ
ڷɫ֮£գӦǼµ
вɲʹҲһʱʹ֡
ɫ΢΢Ǻ죬ԼԲɣĵ㡭ϤȻҲǵãȴ֪ӦǲǣƺˣܿЦɡ
˵ĺԳǣǻȴʹ÷ɫսŮӣ΢΢һ
̾˿ɫսŮٴαϡ
ȻҲǵãǣһ죬ұǿˣһǵģһһرʧļ䣡׺Ȼһ̣ɫսŮӵӰѾʧˡ
ٴԸӴ˻˳
һ̣˫۷죬в޷Ƶӿˮ
Ůӵ˭ΪʲôΪʲôԼô׺ܺԼƫƫȴ޷ԼŮӵĹϵ
ǣңģģǣҡ

һ˲䣬ײźȻʹࡣ
̾ϢһоþûлӦ׵ģҲһ䵽˵͹ȡ
һ̣׾Լɱˣɱķ
ɱɱɱ
ֻɱԼ߳ʹľգ
ļ䣬ûжʧлл׸磬ҽСˡ
΢Уһ׵ĶУʱ׺Ȼ
׸硭ˡˡ
ɢˣζ㲵ӰѾȫɢ
һ̣ɵɵվţһƬã

׹ݣǬѾˣɽ⣬ȴƺ׼ݷһн䣬Ѿ˱滨롣
滨룬һ־ۼݶ˲ǧĴԵǧķλȣһ䣬ɾ磬ֻҪûзҲȻ˲
ͬŵɵɵվԣɫ԰֮
ףȻ㣬㣬ΪʲôҪңɱҰɣһ̼ˣץ׵ֱۣݺݵҡź˻
״վţֻ׸硭ˡˡ˭ˣΪʲôˡ
ף㣬㡭»˵ƺĻع
Ϊң뻹šСģ
ߣ׼߷ңûʱȫȻһ䣬һɾ޴ĺⶸȻȫëҲǡৡһ
һץסµļ򣬽·ʱ
ǣ滨ٶȣʵ̫ˣҷɽ⣬ʹǴƺ׼׷˵·ߣ¾顣
ɴɱҲŹ
һ̣˲ͬʱѱ
ллҰ뻹ţףҺ㣡ʮֵԹ
Ȼ䣬ڿһתıסס
һΣ壬׵
û˵꣬Ķ룬Ѿɱ
ɷٴκȻ䱻ȼ

Ȼ䣬׷˻һ˫۶ʱѪһƬ˿û֮ǰɵˣһ˲ٴηڵ嶾֮
ȫ磬Ϊ֮ǰˣ嶾ͬǧ򶾷ҧһ㣬һĴʹȴڻ㼯֮飬裬꣡
ʹ࣬ȫ嶾ǿײʹ࣬ʹٴβҵ˻
ϡ
һϻŵγİսȻͬһ㣬շ
սƬĶȫ˳ȥΧ֮ˡ
Ȼ˲ͬתӣⶾµ壬һ̣Ȼʮ룬Ѿٵ˷µĺ󱳡
죬滨룬İʵ̫ǿˣ̫ˣ
ѪĶ룬˲ʹ÷±
һ˲䣬һѸֱӻ֣ȡԼ֮Ѫ¿С
ɫеĽ¾űǰѪᵶŷɽͳ˹ȥ
ؿһǱصʮ룬ʱ弤
ݡ
˿̣׼ǰΧ׵Ľ֮ˣʱٴαһƬ
ףħ
һ̣Ľ˳˹Ȼ֪У˶ڣħһҶôǿҪԶԽʥˣ
뵽Ůӣ뵽Ǹ߸ϵĵλҫЩˣһۣ

׿ŭ²֪ǰͷܶÿ˶ŵŽķɽ⣬ȴѾٴεӴˡ

һޱȰԵ嶾ӿ
ֽɱ
ȥɣ״ȵɱ֮ˣʱݺһ͵ɱ
䣡
ռ䣬һɼ˿񱩵ľ磬ݺݵıը˿



һĲҽһƬ˲ǰΧ֮ʿʮˣһ֮ǰѪɣѪˮ俪ҽͷֱ۳ӵȺɼ˳ȥ
ģģ
壬˵
һǰ·Ȼտ
޴ıֱӵֱ֣ܵӽǰ֮ˣѪģࡣ
˿񱩵һУʮˣƲһ޴ľ˵֮ϡ
ǣ
棬ݺݵһʱ䣬һ˿
蹵׶Ŀֲ֣һֱǰʮס
һ̣һƬš
׺ݺݵǰȥ
ɽ⣬ɽ⣬񣬺Ȼ˺֮ǡ
ǣ׺˽˵ķ
֮󣬸˺ۣһĺţɱ֧Ų˶ˣɱ
˴ͷ壬۵ˣҲԽԽࡣ

ţѪˮɡ
УµȻŤһ£նһ˿΢
ף־ңӦңʦաº˵䣬ȴٴεĻ˹ȥ


107 ɱǬǱĽ
ѪˮȾ˱ǧ׳֡
һ·֮ϣײͣɱš
һͷ䣬屬ը
ǣȻһȺһȺ˺ηΪǴ˵֮еġħ
һ̣ٴεһȺǹȣǺ飬кЩˣܶѾȫ˳ޣ˷
ʼһûбɱˣһΪɱۣΪѵıɱҲ˷
϶ҧȻʵǿᣬڲϵɱ֮УҲЩƣˡ
ٴκݺʮռ䱬ըϣĽ֮ˣٴεı˳ȥ
䣡䣡䣡䣡
Ѫⱬըиһɼ˿񱩵Ѫȷ磬ѵѪѪϢʹ£Ѫܡ
Ī˵ЩĲŶ֡һ־磬ǿʼЩΪʵ׵ʦֺʦ۷֣˿̵һһ
ձĪ˵ױʵʦ۷֣ǿűʵһɱһʦ۷֡
ο˿̵ף״̬֮£澳磬ڡһ㾳Ϊĸ֣޷һףοЩˡ
ڿľȴǺΣֻȡ˱ȥõĹǽ󣬾˻̣ûһɱ
Ȼƣۣȴľģһ̣Ǽǿ־ĿЧƺҲȫķ˳
ͨǬʵ飬ҲԼ׵ԼѪĪá
ˣҲ֪һԼ쾳磬֮ΪٶȣؽʮѸݣ
ǣΪѪҺ̫֮ǿ˿̷ͬңһ㣬޷ʵֻȴ޷ϷԾͻƣ
ͨһ״̬ԼǱ
ͬģΪ޷ԼѪЧԣһؽĵ㣬ԪҲٳ޷ͻƣ
Ȼ˵ʮ꿪ʼʮ룬Žʱ䣬ʦ۷徳磬ѾվڽУٶȣѾ˵ĺţףԼٶȣȴ⡣
ǣȴģֻҪϵʵʵﵽޣʵĻɵʵķԾʱ֪Ǹʱؽһɳ죡
ڣãһٴ쾳ԶԶ
ľɱţɱһһеĻӳĵȫɱѪˮɽ
ǰ󷽣󷽣ҷ
ÿһÿһλ㵽
һ̣׾ٴεĻص˵ʱʱʶ״̬֮һ㡣
״̬Ѿ״ָ̬˹嶾ҲʱԵȫһգڣȴȻϾۼȻ嶾ȴȻ֧ͱѵֲϵĻɱ
ΧĿռþˣɱ¾һֱ߳ѪɫĲ
һ̣ˣŲܳأܳأеİսҲǳء
ߵЩˣѾʧˡ
֣ԼĪʮ·ʱһˡ
ӵģˣܶģˣƵģҲƵˡ
ѪˮɺˣˣΪϺɫѪֱۡ֫׹ǡԴȣɭȻЩĲ֮£˸ĺ⡣
һ̣ǣš
һһ˫Ŀ͵ɫŮ룬׻ѪȾ͸ȻԵķ£˫ŲѾûŸѪˮУѪģ˵ʬ壬һԶȥ
һ̣ս֮Ϯһʣǣŵɫ㣬ͬһݣԳ֮ײ֮ɫ˫Ŀ˸ŵѪɫĹ⣬ͬһֻŭ˵ǡ
һ̣ûзκεķһߣһƴĵڵ
Ѫǿı֮Ѫһ磬һ֮𣬱ĵʱĻָ
嶾Ҳ𽥵֮С
һ̣ɱôˣҲ֪Ҵ̫鷳
Ȼˣ׾һɱǬĪȻǰǳصļ壡
ֻǣң׵ǰͬˣҲգԼļ塣
˾ƽʱ޵ƣһɣĬĬڷһ·ϱֵʮֵĮƽڵȴԴԴϣأϵ׳
ֱۣҲڻָһСʱ𽥵ıô׳
嶾ĻָţʱٴεĻָ
ŷ£ߵңʱ䣬ҲʱѾˡ

˿̣ϼ壬ϵ
ӱмָӡ
ϣʵҲѾҰ洫ǷҵʱڽɱЩԼҡħ̰ϧ
ӳĬƬ̣˵
˿̣ϣͬ峤ڽ׵Ĺ⡣
ɣͳѪʵ֮ǿʤ峤֮λã˿̹ϼ壬һ󣬼ս˳˿̵һά
Ůܿ·֮󣬴Ѿȫͬ˸һ㡣
鴫֮󣬶ܿ£ӻжף˺øУͬʱ׹£ϣܿҲƽˣ׵̬ȣȻȫĸĹۡ
ȻһɫȻȧǹ𣬳ªȻǲмɱ˶ˣȻɱȷʵޣǼ£ٻرǲһ׳£ҷ׷ţңǵڶңң
һ̵ᣬгϣǴӴֳûʲôĶǡ
ӺȻôԸܣκΣȴȷʵʵ
ⷭŨüԲĳܣٴδ©磬ƵȴʮĵţҾã׵̬û⣬Ȼˣ棬ħҲʵôˣû뵽ٴ˳ɾͣţҳҺ֪ǰᣬΪԼ֪Ǹ
ڵǣ׵ʵصԾԵʵѹЩ˼ı⣡
׵컯Ҿôڼضмãԣɷһؼ壬ü׳ҲùǱ΢ĴȥҪû䣬ײ룬Ҳǳ飬Ϊ˻Źħô
ĪʱüһȴǳƬ̺Ϊз룬ҲΪ׽壬ǣȴǲô֮£ɱ˳ɿ˫ĿѪ죬аȣĿ˸Ѿħң֮ǰƺɱүǬĳ嶯֮ˣӼн壬ʵ
ԣţ壡
衴˿ҲǵͷȻǿ󣬵ⷢƽиͬǣ˾壬֮󣬺ԣ˱ɱʵһ֮ˣȻǼӵܣ˿̣ҲøһϴѪѾˣҲںٶһ
ƨĳ˫Ŀ׹һ䣬ָ衵Դ
޴ֻвϵݷһһˣߣ㶮ʲôгɣʵѾﵽʦˣߣʵһս֮Уʤɣϲм˵
ʲôǬﵽʦ־ˣɫһʱϲĵ
ţȷʵ峤Ī˿Ȼվ˳үϴѪ֮󣬵֪ܽڿ嶾ҲⷨţȴϽ棬ͻƣ񣬴үıΪˮڲžͬʱϣ͸ħãʵﵽʦ磡
ﵽɣѾ豹ˣǬҪΪȻҲ֮Īֻ˵ʦ磬˻ɡ
ûɽǶ۹⿴ǬҲǿʲô⡣
Ϻ峤˵ĳܾǱ˳ĬǣҲĬˡ
һ̣ȻǺϢϢǴ⣬ĳȴЩʵϣˣȻ˵ô˼ǲġ
׳飬ϾǧǰͬʱߵıϾ۵·أû˺뵽һ
֮ԼǬˣҲֻϣܿҴȨѣϾܿʵǿ
ֻܿ£Ȼ
ӣΪ峤һҪӼǣѾ㹻Բˣ仰ô˵ĳ
Ĭ˺ܾã̾һӵ׻Щ쿴Ǳֲѣ٣ȻǬʵ˳տףҲֵܻìܣͺ
⣬嶾֮ѪǱǻٵģԺκ֮ˣ𹦷Υߣ壡

׵Ĺķƺõİ취취Ҳõ˳һµͨ
صԼĸۡӴ˽÷ܽأһ׼ţ׽ӽ
ףȷʵÿǷ̫࣬ӭӣҲһԼǸεı
ϣҲˣҸ߲ȫ
Ǭȴһеĳȥˣ֪ʱǬܸˡ
⣬һܺõûᡣ

ŵȻҪͼѣһ뷨ǲϧֱַɱϼ壬ǬĪɱԾ󻼣
ɱԼ֮ͷϣ֪ԼһôˣؽΪ˿еħͷǣȴ⡣
ֻҪԼֻҪ֪ԼҪߵ·һͬλӰһ㲻ֵһᡣ
ֻǣǰǬǰʮ׿վ˳ĿŲмӵЦ⡣
ܵܣˣǿϲɺأؼȥɡǬЦЦݺܼ٣ܼ١
Ǭüʵˣգڣ
ŭһ֪Ǭʵɣ߳Լ㾳磡
ԣһ˲䣬ҲνˣֱӺݺݵٴν⿪ֵ嶾ӡ
䣡
͵һֶȻ˲ֹ
嶾ÿһȫ֮󣬵ٴξۼӵӴ
һΣ˼ѣڼ˵ķŭ֮У˼˵ѡ
ŰսӰ漴ɱȻʹؽȫķ˳
ǿһ
Ѹ͵һ
ڣԽ֮ǰƴһеƺ
ӰһǬŴʧɫһңæ֮䣬ȴҲҵȻȫеӰȻһ˲ܿ
ǣɱĹǲġ𵴵ģҲģ
һ˲䣬սݺݵǬԴ
͡
ռѹѱըƿ֮죬Х
һ̣Ǭڼѹı£һѪеĺʵɫ˲˫ţͷ

͵һ𣬿ռ䶸Ȼֹ
ɱż˵ֱ֮ӵĴ͸Ǭ壬һ˲佫ɱǬġ
ػһ˲ľ޴ͷʹһ֮£ǬȻ䵹˳ȥݺײԱߵһʯǽϡ
䣡
ǽ͵һ𶯣¡¡ǽںȻ̮ڵˣשͷʯɣǬһӵ˷֮С
ʯ£˲佫񣬳һƬǽ塣
зһ˳Ѿվ
ھȴû˿ˡ
ǬȻʵɣȻһ
Ǭĳм䲿λһֲĹ֣һ㣬ͱսһϡ
һ̣׼棬Ǭҵ׿ԶȴǺȻһ׸硭㣬ɱ˴磬磬Ǵɱ㣬㣬ôԡ
ܽԶԶĴţУĿ⣬ôľʧ䡣
ܽԺ׸磬ҵˡ׵Į˵ȴһʹ
Ҳգ׷Խ֮øģʼҪᣬܽԺ󣬻׵ġ
ܽǬء÷ϣ˼ĴſһС
ֵɱ
ֻתһʱ侹Ǳж֪ԡ
ŭʹһ˲䣬ƺ˼ʮꡣ
÷ȴǲҺһǬֱܲӻ˹ȥ

ܽҲ˲ˮԼ׿
ȴɫӵĿף˹
ܣԲСʱȣԲ㣬߰ɣԺ󣬺úԼ·ʹȴǹ˵
ȻЦ㲻ɱô
ܣţĺǣֵܣѪԶǶֵܣ
Լ۾ң㲻ľ֮ˣ߰ɣ߰ɣҪŭˡǬбݡ
΢΢һůĹâԱܺ˼׽ʱãܽˡ
𳤵ĮȻת
ӽҲĪҪ̤ϼ壡ӷĺһ˲䣬͵ˣҲˮ¡
ȻһЦɫȻڿ״̬֮£Ȼ侲
ŰսȻתû˿ѪɫµԶƽȥ
¼ŵӰ˵ѪѪˮۼƲĺɫһһԶ
°įӰѪɫϼϼںһһֱʧʡ
ϳˣġ
ϳˣڽ
һ̣ģ
һ̣ǣˣǹ֤ʱˡ

ĪǶϱڲԫһƬţˣˣģģ
޷סĪڿһүǷȥһ̣ϣҲ׷׳Ƕϱڲԫ
ľʯƿ𽥵ģǬѪģ
ҲԵӣڳǰ
⣬Ѿ޷ܵĲҵģˣѪѪѪ
ɫڣϢ΢
ȻˣǬȻû
ǵģ֣ػǿһ㲻ȥ
Ϊ㣬쾳磬żͻƣһͻ֮󣬳ǱɱһΪ˶ġ
Ͼ޸˵Ŀֲ
һ³ѪǬһ
ĪȴǴϲæǬҴҵҼȥ

ףû뵽㣬ҲˣҲ뱨ˡһΪʦ׻У
״˿̺ǵȻ˼壬飬֪ΪκȻԼŽѵ˷ܡ
˿̣ȴȻҲ̵ܽģİɣ
˵ţ֣·
˿̣Ѿվˣ׵Ѫ޸ǿ
ҵѪ㲻ٶ֣ٶȣкܴ߰ɣ˵꣬Ҳٲͷֱһˣҳȥ
ĬĬĿǹ°ӰȥĬĬ
ҪǣҲ㣬ǸöáһԴԹ̾Ϣ£Ҳһȥ
ȻɷϣڶݵĽӴ֮УԼȷʵ𽥵ϲɣӣǣҲ֪ԷǲܻϲԼġ
һûпʼûнֵİ飬Ȼȥ²
㣬ԼΪȲϧȻ޷ÿ顣
ûϲûбֻм֮ƽ
һ̣Ҳʼ䣬Ȼ޽
죬ңңˮնɱңˮȻһΪβŬΪڶңˮأ
ЦһºȻ䷢֣ԭңĺøУڲ䣬ĨȥңӰ䱻滻ס
Ϊħԭ򣬽ħ飬εģ¶˳ˣ֮£Ҳ֪ˡ
˿̣ײΪͽȴǼĲĵͷֻǲʣȴǲٳޡ
һ죬Ҳᴴҷµı½㷢սģ
˵ţӰüᶨͬʧѪɫ֮¡


ļ ħ


108 ɵ
Űս׻ص¡
˼ѹͱ෴ģãû˺ɣǣ֮УȫĽѳһ㡣
˿ƵԶռ䣬׺Ȼã磬ĺ
ֻһ£ƺкܶ˵ܣӴĽֻǸӵֵ
˫ĿԶɵ׵Уʮֵڴڴһ죬У֮䡣
Ƭ̣׶ʱȻһХ֮Ӻ֮з
ϡ
Ȼ䣬ɫӰٴεĴֶ֮˲ԡ
һߴǣƺǼת˼ȦëԴʱĥ伸£ǿɰӣʱײů
ˣǽ㣬ƤˣǺǡ§ǵĲӣǵĥ˼£˵ǻȥɡ
ǵ˵ͷ׶ʱȥ
һı˳ȥ
зХһ̣УҲʮֵ⡣
ǣ״˿ʮֻϲģңԼĻ뵽ǷɫսŮˣƺӦúЩϵ
Ͼһ棬ƺǷɫսŮ˵ķ
ڶ㣬ǲʵ˫ôʯ׽С֮Ľ
ȻˣȻԭҲ²ǵݣϸһ룬Ը񡢸ԡʡζȷ棬źܴĲͬҪǣΪҲȫͬɫսŮˣƺǿ̫ࡣ
ԣ뷨һ֣㱻ɱҡ֮С
˫ֱǵͷصķڶߺХЦǽ㣬һ꣬һҪʱҪеģϴο⾳磬ƺԶԶ
ء
һХԵм԰
һͷϣ˰ɣ֪֪
Ǻܵ۾Ƿһ˿Ҹ΢Цƺ׺Դ
һӣ֪ͱ֮Ѿˡ
ٴεĴͱڵĻأ֮ţʱ򿪣ױ㱻Ǵ˽ȥ
һ·񱼣ٶȸǼ죬ԭýʮʱ·̣ʱѾˡ
˿̣׵ٻɫĴڸʱңĿڱʯ
ƺܵ˶ңʱ˫ۡ
鶯֮ɫףңϲ硭˵գվ
״ǵͷǹԹԵĽͷ׵ļ򴦡
ţǺǣãúܼУȥˣ죬ô΢Ц
磬ЦˣѵأǺǣúܺãǽҺܺأÿԵĹӺҲܽңǾȵļ׵Цݣһ̣ȻãЦôĲãô崺硣
΢΢ЦֻǺܶ뿪˶ѣͬˣҲ˲٣ţɣһ룬Ҳڴ˴ҲŬɡ
ţõģ磬һŬġң񼤶ãһ׺˵ƺǰ̬࣬ƺĺܺƣһůԾҲʮֵĿ֡
׵˵ͷ˿ǵǽ㣬߰ɡ
Ҳ˵ͷȴǻعͷңһۣȻ΢΢һ
һ٣ɻǽ㣬ôˣ
˫ƿףƺڴĳϢ
ϸƬ̣ȻõģˣãƺҪЩ
ң΢΢һϲʱߡ
ȥɡЦ
ң΢΢Щߣȴҧҧ񱴰ӣ촽ǵ塣
ף΢΢һЦң
ǽ㣬βһ£һƣƺЩһβݺݵĳ׵֣ȴ˦¡
ײݸһЦңȴǲʲôʱֻǻһҵġ
Щ¹ײңҲоĵֻǵÿ

Ǽ˽ʱٴεǸȽĴȻö˶ʯ׽
ңһۼʯ׽ͫһɫһ԰ףһѽǵͷͷ׻С
Ƭ̣ƺʲôҲһߺ죬æƿԼͷܵĶ
ԣԲ𣬱磬ңҡ
Ǻǣã£ֻһѡңļ΢΢һЦ
ǰעһۣʱȴٴη֣ʯ׽֮еģ̺ˣƺĺϤ
ǣоڲ࣬ÿնо΢㶺󣬵Ҳϰˡ
ʯ׽ȻͬһŵʯףôȻվš
ʯ׽˼£̾Ϣһ
ǣȴǲɻĿ׼ۣƫԴƺɻʲô
Ƭ̣˫ٴγֵĺ֮ɫֲ
׺Ȼ뵽׷裬ʱЩģǾʱȴȫһεıˡ
ң񾪵ĿɿڴָǣӲǾ㶵˵
⣬⡭
һХʱ˫ٴαˡ
ĬĬߵʯ׽ߣɫݣֻצķʯ׽ϣĸţţǸܵˣĲϵĻҳһ㣬רעݵģʹҲһɬ
ң񣬿һĻȴƺд۾ˣҲӯˮ
ð죬Ǿͬһ㲵ŮӣתͷĿһֽۣĿ䵽ңϡ
΢΢̾Ϣ˫ץ뿪ʯ׽һһȥ
׺ңĬĬĸȥ
һİű򿪣һľ׶лأǴ׺ңһֱٴ˽ʮӵĸӵ
ٴεһɫĴ֮У׼˰ڴĵĹŶ˶İ񣬼΢΢İڲƺܺʯʯΡ
΢΢һʱеߵߣӴսš
ֻǣʧǣȴǸûǷɫսŮϵĵζֻһֺ͵ǽԼƿҩһ޶ζ
ƿ֮УһöҩһöϢĵҩ˸ʣһ֪򵥡
֪Լ״̬ڵѪѾʮֵǿٳԵҩǳƶΪ̫࣬ὫΪѹơ
ԣƿһŵҩֻǿһΣͶûж࿴һۣһֱղš
ǹĿһۣȴ΢΢¶Ц⡣
׺ңҲΣƺǱı£ʮ
ֻǣһ̣ٴһɣֱλ
һʱ䣬ֻáءʱɫĴ㿪ʼ
Աߣһɫʯţʱ¡¡ı򿪡
һۿȥʯܣһЩήĸܲĢһĶ
һɳĳʪùζζùζ֮Уҩݵ΢֮
ġžݺݿһۣ׶ʱҲף棬ʮΣգʱɫҲ
ãСģ棬ܺΣգ˵
ңͷţ磬֪ˣһСĵġ
ⰵţʱһɸӿֲ֮˱ǣʱң֮һܣʱ硣
ʱɫһ䣬ףʱһëҲǶȻ
ܣ
״󾪣ʱһסңһ˲ӰõޣɲǼΣвʱ˳ⰵš
ʱεһ˲Ȼĵ׺ңǰβֱͬޣ˲£ռ䡰ءը
أأأأأ
һ˲䣬ɫֱһβնƴУֻÿռ䣬ݺݵĴɢ
ð죬ⰵڣȴٴεİ
΢΢ü׺ңһۣٴ˽ȥ
ң֮ɫĬĬϢ׵ٴε̤˽ȥ
һΣңҲѧˣȫס˺
һƫͣȻצָָһλʾȥվš
򣬱ңǣվָλá
΢΢⣬ʱĿⶢǹϵĮ̇
˳ǵĿ⣬׺ңĿ⣬ţҲͶǹϰ̨֮ϡ
ϵĮ̇ϣһЩϳ¾ɵܣ֮ϣȴ鼮ǿݻɫⰺȻ鼮
УһѾļϣһĻɫȴùǼһ顣
ǣȴĿƣ۹⾫ɨЩ֮󣬽Ŀ䵽ǻɫͷϡ
ݡ
צһָָⶸȻһԪУһɵ
ʱǸ鱾Ƭӣʱбٶȱƿһ϶ͷһĻɫʱĵ
Ӱһٴֱӳǰףצһ죬Ȼ֣ǵµ鼮ʱצ֮УȻǵѸݵܿ
һУ淢ڵʯ֮䣬죬Ĳ˼顣
ȻĶ׺ңƵ÷ǳ
㶯׺ңȻǵʵƺ¿֮һ㡣
ǸʱܴǽڣȻɿֲľƫʯڶʱ䣡䣡޷Ͼ
ɫ䣬ңиǷž֣ҵƺ˲Ҫ̮һ㣡
һм˵𾪣͵Ĺ
ľѾֻǾˣҲҲԪ֮һֲֿģ޷Ŀֲ
Ҫ룬ֻݣʵٸǿ˲䱻Եļǿ˴ˡ
ֲ΢΢һӦֲֻĲľ
ӿֲǣڶǽϣǽڴ𶯣ȴûл䣬Ҳûг
ֱ˷˼ģ
һ˲䣬׺Ȼ뵽һĽۣȻ뵽ˣΪʲôôֲĻˣ
ֻõɱ󣬻ʲôµĽƣ
һ뵽㣬׺Ȼ뵽ʯ׽᲻ᣬʯ׽֮еĽлµģ
˼ã뵽˵ãɱ¾˿ֲǽõĹͷһ鼮ʲô
׿۹⣬ͷ飬̺źǿֲδ֪һǿޱȵ
ˣͷ飬ƺҲ˵ǿƺÿһҳеĽɫ˸
濴ݻɫǹͷʵϣ棬ȴһŵͬƬһҳң֣ÿ¶ŹĶֲĹΡ
лЩˣֲڱߵԪҪǿ󼸷֣ʵǷ˼
Լģײ²⣬ӦǿֲԪ
ȻǿҲ˵
ײ²Ƭ̣֮Уһֱϣð죬ƽ
ǣȴǲ֪ʱȻĳߡ
ͬһſݻɫĹ飬΢΢ͷʾ⣬׺ңһۣʾ˸ϡ
ȥ·˲١
СʱңǴˣ۸ӵʯ׽
ⰵɫĴԭ谵֮ǲŪ˼֮ﳡȻһ䣬һ߳Ĵ
ʯ׽֮⣬ıȴɢ뵰׹ҹ飬컨崦ҹ˸ҹյķһ㣬˸ţȴǲʤ
׺ңѾȡ
ʯ׽ûб仯ģȫȻһ¡
һʯԱߣһţݻɫĹͷһĽʱ΢΢£һ⡣
ʱǱ㽫̯׺ңǰ
֮ԭϻĿݻɫ飬ʱȴɢĽɫĹâһ˲䣬Ҳǲʵʵı仯һȫ˸ŵɫâĽ顣
һ̣ⱡĽҳϣԿ˲ĶĴ֣ɵ
ɵɵ
һ˲䣬׻
ңһ˲䣬Ҳȫľˣ
ţ󣬻ǣȫͬһ㣬ɵɵ
Ȼɵ飡
ɵˣ
ɵӣ۽棬ӽⶫ̶ȣ񣬵ǣ£Ȼôһɵ飬ʵЩɵˡ
ĬĬԣȴצķҳ
ɫĹâһÿ֣ƺһ㣬ڽɫҳţɢŵ֮⡣
һ̣ĲˣңҲĲˣ˾ֿȥ
ۡ
Ȼ䣬ңһ͵һѪѪɢȴڽӽ顶ɵ֮ʱ˲䱻˳ȥ
һ˲䣬ɫҰףңʱˡ
ףҲһ㣬һ˲侹Ѫڣ̲סҲһѪ˳
ͬģѪڽӽʱͬı˳
һ̣˾Ǵ󺧣ȴĿбӵע顣
һɫĹâצ֮˸ҳһĨʱǽٴε˼֡
ǳױȻһйĶ׶ʱѾ׹Ҳңй˫ۣٿ
ңͷҲ׵ɼҵĶô׿ǾͲˡ
˵ûⱻ龢飬˫ۣٴεǽɫҳ˹ȥ
һΣҲֻ΢΢һǽ֣ƺǻһ㣬𽥵Ķ
ܱ䣬ܱš
ƺһ֣ΪһڽĶ
֮;ͬ飬֮ǡ

ߣҲ֮֮ͬԴͬԴͬԴ
ߣҲ֮ᣬ֮ͬᣬͬͬ
ߣҲ֮飬֮ͬ飬ͬͬ

ɵɵɵɵ

ӵ֣һԺ֮У߶⣬ԡ
һĶϳһ֣һ֣ϳһƪƪķ
䣬ʱţ£ôĹȥˣ˿ûв񣬸Ǽ˱һ˿ƣ
һڿ⡶ɵһҳ
ףףģ׺ңͬʱд
ʱãױըһըը¯ԶԶԱĿֲ
ңﾫۣںϣģȫµ
ǵģԵġ
õĵкܸߵ̣֮ӡ棬ǻе롢оۼġ
ңҪܸߣͲΣҪ𵤾磬ɾͽ𵤺󣬲нֻдﵽͼҪ󣬲ſ⣬ҲֻŵҪѡ
ɵһɵ飬ȴĽ𵤿ʼ
ֻǣ㣬׺ңԾΪ
𵤣ʵ̫ңԶ
й·ߣ˵ԣЩǷϵģûеģ׶޷϶Լܲ𵤣Ϊ޷ۼԣҪۼ𵤣ѡ
ҲĽԵøӵ
壬ƺȫĺͽϣһԼɷɽûн𵤾磬Ҳ֪Լǿ
ŵһأԪܿ쾳硣
ÿһأоŲ㾳磡
ôؽǾھŲ㣬ʲôľ磿
ңǵھŲ㣬ǽռô
׺ڴ
ڽһ࣬ûн𵤣ţԼʵﵽͽ𵤵ͬҲһʹĻġ
׺֣ʵΪȴĸԼⱾ飿


109 ֮
֣Ŀ⾼Ķң׺Ȼǣϣңɵɣ
һ룬ټң˼浾ģ뵽ʼǵı֣׺ȻףµӦò١
ڵɵźܶ࣬ˣֻҪѡһУȻУ˵ľϾޡ
㣬ױҲ֪ˣǣҲϣԼԺ˳Լٶһݱ°ɡ
⣬ҲǵһƬˡ
ң񣬻ȷʵʮʺ⹦Ϊϸأ֮ϣը¯ĸǼ˵ļСˡ
ǽ̵ʵ棬ȻҪġ
ƺЧ˸һŽɫĵҩ΢΢ңһ
ңʱɻĿǡ
ʱצָһɫҩȻ˲䴩͸ң壬ʧ
һŪĵҩϵöɫҩһģһǿ֮ĵҩ˻ˣ
ڶǵΣȻģȴûֳ
˲䣬ңûзӦȫʱٶȼ죡
˲Ҳ׵ʲôʱʧɫ͵ش
ǣȴĬĬ߽ߣеվš
Ƭ̣һɹɵңͷ
ڣʱ״ȴܲ뿪ͷ߷Χ
֪ⵤҩڿʼãΪң˵ͬʱԼҲ¶˾ģһҪͻȥ
뷨ңʱ׵Ҳˡ
ȻԿ϶ңһεľǿڿܳ񣬵ȴҲûʲôۺԼҲôһŵҩֻΪѾܶ࣬ûնѣԣĽ
ߣ׸оңЩǷңԵлǺܸ˵ģȻҲο
͡
ɫԽԽǿĺ飬Ҳ漴ңͷϹ
ң˿һǳɫ洩˸廨ĻɫСа˿̣аѾˮʪ͸ճϡ
޳ȣҲΪˮԵ΢Щ͸¶Сȣֳźİ
ƿĿ⣬ĬĬעң
ңţóʹࡣ
ǣǿңȴ˿ûпҧ񱴰촽ѾѪ˿ȴûкһ
ɫа֮⣬ȻҲ˴һ̣ңɫͨ죬ƺǿ񱩣ţ˫ץԼĴϡ
˿̣˫ֵָײţѾ˺ǻɫ
͡
ʱھ޴£ʱ˺ƣֳ°ɫԵңȴǲ֪
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ʱֽΪң񴺹йΪңʮף˿˺ֻóܲסˡ
һ̣кǵģĿȴͶңϡ
ԭԵú˿ΪȵľǿмŤȻȴûֻеġ
ⵣǣǵԼһ
֮У׽ңܽһ㡣
ʱȴǶ׵Ŀ⣬ƺмָӣмο
Ȼģһңͷ֮ϡ
ء
͵һ𣬿ռһ𣬶ңǲҺһ϶ѾѪ
кǵģǳڶĵΣײûгֹ
ȻǵĶ˵ıɱ׶ǣЩ޷ΣֻƴĿԼԼ
Ѫˮ͸ң˿ģͷȴǿʼڱ仯𽥵ıϡ
ͷ΢΢ɳ˲٣ԭңѾﵽһ־磬˷ȴֱӵľһ۷徳硣
ǣϡŨܣڶεʹ࣬ˡ
һΣʹӵǿ󣬸ӵĿֲ
˿ף΢΢̾Ϣֻٴγ֡
ۡ
һΣݺݵһƣЩۼļҪը֮ңݺݵ³һѪ
ϢҪңúó״ȵ
ң΢΢һݣȴٴβţı۾ǲĽë£ѪѪᣬңȻŬļ֡
һΣɢֿʼϡ
ңʵҲٴεľˣﵽʦ־硣
ǣͷȻڲѡ
ţڲ֮Уңٴαʹ
ٴǰʹ׶ΣΣֻõγ֡
ţĴγ֣һơ
֣ȴԪƿأֻǴɢڲ۵ңضѡ
ΪңĸǲȣҲǿˣˣ˻һαһأһΣѪڵϣȫıˣһϢģɫҰֽ
ֻǣһ̣ңҲͻƣﵽ쾳硣
ﵽ쾳磬һңɫҲ𽥵ĴӲҰָֽ˼ֺΡ
쾳ﵽңͷѾʧˡ
һԿţҲɵø̾
Ǭ嶾֮Ѫʹ࣬˺ѷε˻ľ
ԼҲܹǳصʹ࣬Բ˿Գܵģ
ټңʹ࣬ףֻ£ÿҪͻ쾳ˣڵĺתĹ֮УҲǼ˵ʹİɣ
ػŰæǽġɵңȻôѵͻ쾳磬ͻƵѶȣҲ
֪ԼɣʹȷʵУҪһΪÿһֽȴǲܵġ
ǽĵأԪ
һΪÿһ֣ŵĲһԪһٱǿʮ
ﵽ㾳磬ҲʵһʹýԪ֮ԪһʮǾǺֲܿģ
ңײ뵽
׾һﵽ쾳磬ﵽɣȻ㿪ʼ߷嶾֮Ѫ㣬ʵƱͻͽ
ңʱʵ֮ٳšɵһͻƽν߾磡
еĴ㡣
Ϊ㣬׺ܴһֵ˼⡮ɵ档
ӲӵġɵײʶҲ֪ʲôƷȻɵںܶ൤˵׺εʵǣͨƪĹȷʵԿԺ֮ˣڻһǵĿܶûУͨƪģѾԿԺ֮УһֶǴ
ǣεǣֻܸܵö򵥵԰ףһЩĳʶҲֻ֪Ҫﵽֽĵزſⵤɵ
ģɵнܣ˵׺ǲ⣬ܶá
ͰⵤɵУҲ˵췽Ǻܿϧ׿벻
׵Ҳ֣Ϊ֪Ϊ粻벻ҲΪʵ㡣
ȻǶԱȵɵȷʵ֣ⵤֵֻһֵ֮еһ֣ĵ̬죬ҳĩҳֵĵȻһʮ˲á
ţң˿̵״̬ҲǸ̾
ң˿ȴɫ𽥵ĺ֮ǰôصˣǵһϢˣ˿ȴЩĽ˵λȻ͵͵Ŀһۡ
£ң˿
ң֮ǰܵˣ׾÷ǳĲ˼顣
ȻɷңǡɵҩЧ֧ţӶʹָ֮죬Ƚ϶ԣ׶ʱ뵽Ǭ
뵽ǬҲһʱЩõԤУ׵ֻҲûˡ
׶ʱҲ׵һ쾳磬ֻü˵ǿˡ
ٴνĿͶעңϵʱңѾеˡ
ңûҲûν֮ǰΪͨ磬ҩĴ룬ˣ߳ԶʵϣԼ޷ȷ
΢΢ЩźȴĬĬ뿪ң׵ߣûСĬĬףƺԵЩ˸С
΢΢һůĸǵͷ
΢΢ۣƺܵĽͷ׼򴦡
Ͽţ˫ôֱֱĿң
ףǵӰ£Ҳңʼ
ѧ·Ḷ́Թۿôࡣ
ңҪǣңĿǰľ磬ҪͻƵģýһ£ҲЩס
ңεľ˳
˲٣ִϣĸţȴǵǵǽ㣬ѧ磬澳磬ֵأ
ǿңһۣƺûΣգʱצڵд
磬Ժ֮󣬱֮Դɡ۶Ԫ󾳽磬ʵΪ¼ʵ
쾳֮ڣҪȫתΪԪԪϴ裬ǿΪ޴¼ʵ
һдֺܿ죬ȴдڵ棬дڵϷա
㣬ԪĶճֳּ֮Ƭ̱ʧϢȴǴݸס
Ҳ֪쾳űҲ֪澳ܶ࣬һδ֪ģȴǸӵȫ档
쾳֮תΪԪȴҪĻʵķԾʱ򣬴תΪԪݡ
ͺñۻȻҺתľһ
ˣﵽ쾳磬ǰԽҪʱ䣬ΪۻΪԪת
ȴǲ֪ͬڵѪҺŨеεԪˣһﵽ쾳磬ٶȣһʮѸ͡
õǵĽ˵׵Уɳ˲٣飬ҲǺ˼֡
ǽдãñɻ۶״̬ãһͻƣڣԽһЩνľ磬ż
֮󣬷顢Ķںϡ𵤡ԪԪӤϡ񡢺塢Ƚ١ʮ󾳽硣
ѣ顢ԪӤ١

˫ĿעǵдּȻǹ׭֣ⰻȻдͨ׶
ǵּ㣬ȴپ͸ֽ֮
׿ľ棬ֶ˼
Ҳ֪ˣԭνġɵֻѣǣһҲʵЩĺ
·֮ѣֱ죬ռҪͨʮޣܳ쾳磬ܶˣһӣѴﵽʦѧ־磬ɼ쾳磬ǿǿͻƣǱ˹ඥǾʾԿͻƣ̫ѡ
ǣ쾳֮ٵĽۻ⣬һֲĹ̡
Һıʵ̫ھףһתΪԪ֮ҲֻôһҺԪˣеļǼѡ
ǣЩƺҲѣƺȣֵһᡣ
龳ѣôѣǲûждȴǿ
棬˼ǧ꣬ȴǻûͻ飬ɼѣңϣǧ꣬ɶͻƲˣǷ˼
ǣЩƺԵرѣѵǣڶѣԪӤ
ǵģԪӤֵ֪ʱ׾뵽ԪӤԱ
Ǽܻصƣʹ̵ʶһǿһʰģʮֲֿġ
ӵлصɽѣͷ֮
ǵ˼֪ԪӤȴ֮һĸܳɣǵɵ֮УԪӤҩʥҩԪҲʮɹʣǣʧܼʣȻǿֲǧ֮һ
ǧ֮Űپʮŵĸʧܣ
ôʧܼʣԪ΢΢ǣһԪȴʹɱԴѪȷ硣
ǵд֮иܵõܶණҲ
ѣȴڶȽ١
ʣһ֮£ͷһֲĶȽ٣
ٷ֮ʮŵĶȽٸ֣ڶȽپ磬ǱżнҲɾɢɣȴҲǰ;Ҳʹ䡭
Եĸ˵һЩ֪ʶЩƺ漫Ϥһ㡣
ҲȻͱ֮֮УСɵ̬ɷ֪Щ澳磬Ҳȡ
ңšԼ˵Ҳ֪ǵʵȻûдﵽ𵤻εľ磬٣ҲܱôʵӦĶںϾңƺϲŭ޳˵Ʋ⣬Ǿ磬ӦĶҡ
Ʋ⣬׾кܴĿܡ
ǽ㣬ʲôˣĶô׵ʵ
΢΢һ㵣˿ɻҡҡͷȴǺȻֵ˵ͷ
Щ£Щ֪롣
΢Ц̣˵ͷĿȴǶ˼Ц⡣
׶ʱҲ޷ǵʲô磬ӦôŲĶɣܸߵľˡ
Ͼһֻǣ⾳磬ֻÿֲˡ
ΪȻţʱǵͷٴκܵıȻͷ׵ļϸš
عٴοң񣬴˿̣ңͷϣѾԼ˸ھۺͬһˣ壬ȴѾֳŨ֮ˡ
𾪣һ˲䣬㿴۶ľ磬ңʣİ£㾳磬Լ׸ڴˡ
ֻҪͻ쾳磬һУ˵ˡ
ţĿȥӵĻϱ仯״ϵţϵı仯š
ӿʼĺģʻʢٵ뵵ĵɫ֮
һ̣𽥵ĵлɫɫƣɫϸϸ𣬳ֳ巽֮쾰
׿þʣЩԼ˼룬Լʶһ㡣
ɫƳ巽ţĺӣ׷򷭹ȴǺȻƺ׾Ŀһ㣬΢΢һ㵣ƺܵ˾ţʱ㤵󷭹ӣ߽ӵһ
Ƭ̣ɫĵͷ˿γɫ֮򷭹ȴͬһ㣬ͬͷһ״ȴ֮䣬ƺżһۣƺһ˿˿Ľߡ
棬ƺӦ˵һ㣬дǾϡ棬ٿңɫȻ˲侹ǳֱֳ飬ϲŭߵȣ
һ̣ױ֮ǰʲôԪӤЩ˼һ̼ң״̬׶ʱҲ޻˵ˡ
ǿ治һǿ
ɫ֮磬ӦþԪˡ
ţɫ֮ƺˣЩһ㣬ľۼһƺŹǷӵһϢ𽥵ں
ңͷ𽥵Ŀռһ̣ӦҪ𾳽ˡ
΢΢һĵǣӳײ磬ӦѶȡ
ٿǣȻҲѾۣ⿪ӣߵңǰ
ɫâһٴεıˡ
ɫ΢΢أʱҲ֪ңʵĸоҲߵͷˡ
Ȼһ˲䣬ңƺ߻ħһ㣬㲴һ
һҺʹҲǴ󾪣˫۸ϽϸĶң
ټңʱֻѾɺĴѪҺңɫҲٴεĲҰֽȴƺ˵֮С
ƺһΣ˲䣬˵ļأ
ǺȻңƺЩͳ׸ʲô
ңУȻͬ׹һ㣬ʱ쳹ֲĴ֡
Ҫõŵ£İ
ңƺһ˲䣬һĻˣ΢΢һͣһɼ˵ʹ
ᣬû䣬һ˲䣬÷µģƺȫķˡ
ģ˼˳塣
һ˲䣬ϵķţȻڱȽϵͳĿռε˿һ˲䣬˸뵵ϵļϵš
ĵɫңͷͬٻһ㣬ſ
ÿһͶң壬ңʵᾫһ㡣
ڣʼʱңȴ΢΢һʱٴһѪ
ʱֶȻһ֮ʱͬ紵ʱ𽥵ĸɿƬ̼䣬㻯ʧûңڡ
˿ңĿƣȴû
ң񣬻Ŀ鶯˵ҲȻһּ£ʹףɾǰһ
ǽ㣬лл㡣ң˵գʱǿͷ
̩Ȼ֮΢΢ͷ¶һĵ΢Ц
һǻ״̬һԪ֮ңվ
ֶָָңָָȻ˸οĿˡ
һ̣׺ȻһֵֹĸооǣôƺڸԼϱһ㡣
о׻ΪԼˣٿңֻɫߺ죬Ŀǵƺ˵һúչġ
㣬ױҲмȷˣ㽫νĸٴζɱҡ֮У㵱˵ǽ㣬ңãģҲᵱǺãúչġ
һ̣˵ĺˣȻϲαҪȥ
ȻǺģ׸ܶѾң飬˳ĺá
ңѹ֮ɫһţȴǿջЦǰǽ㣬״Զı磬Ҳúչģǽ
˵ƺɣһ̣ңУȴʮֵɬѹ
ǣȻ֮ǰĳ𾳽֮£ѾˣЩ£ҲǷŵµġ
ıãһֱôչѹ΢ЦҲһֺҸҸɡ
ңţȴҲùһЩ
ȴмʧ䣬ĬĬĿһۣ̾˿
׼ңɫ΢΢мֲ԰ף΢ЩǸΣĵã㣬û°ɣûгɹ
ңЦ磬ԲûãֻǴﵽľ磬ȴѿԽ̫ǰ˷̫ҩȫأǽæͨģԼҪֻǻʮޡ
΢΢ͷЦʮ꣬ܺùһӻѧתɣ뿪㣬ⶫҲģڵʵ۽ѾûеˣǺǣԺ󣬿Ҫǵ
ңϲôǺǣ̫ˣţˣ磬ǽҪǸ㵤ҩǧҪ쾳ԺٳԣһͻƵģ
ң˾飬֪ǽ׵ĺãǲܲ׵ҩԣȻҲ֪ⶫʮʮѵãǣŮԵıܣңǵʵ˻ɡ
Ȼֻǻʵǲ˼
ǣңʮָмҲʮֵ𾴵ġ
֮Իɣһ֪Լᱻ׽ܣȴŬĴٳԼ׵ĹϵʹңǵЩɻ󣻶ͨ׵ѯʣң˽⣬ƺֻĶʵңȴǵľ滰
ǵģǻ˵ģ
٣ңһңȻӴ󣬵ǣȻȽԡҲȽϺ
˵ңţǽֻĶ硣
澳磬ңӡҲģԼҲ֪ôģʲôԪӤʲôʲôȽٵġ
Ϊ˵ﵽԪӤڣңš
׻⡶ɵĽƷ֮ңϸϵǰ󣬶ʵŲ˻ɡ
ȻңǸƸеŮӣܶ飬Ȼ֪һЩһЩȴǲ˵
ǼȻЩ飬֪ôαȥΪѣ
ԣң׵װʲôҲ֪װһжûһ
ǣƺңı֣Ҳ⣬ңҲˡ
̬ƺ䵱ԼĽһ㡣
ţȴЦãǺǣҩⶫϡ٣ҲʵǾףޱȣƺǽҲôţҸһţԣԺȥ˽뽭ǧ˵й¶
ңɰķ˸ۣ磬㵱ǳ฾أǺǣġ
׿ңɰģҲ΢΢һЦţʵˣһûͻأǽ㣬ϲ㲻ϲңҲȥŬˣȽ
ǵһƺ˵ײм䡰ߡһ˸һ㣬ߵңǰĥ伸£ǵңЦѡ
ˣȥˣţǽ㣬ҰȥЦ˵
ǵ˵ͷ˸Ƿ۾гһţҲʯ׽űĵطתȥ
ңʱҲæţ磬ɣǽȥ˵ţǸˡ
׿ЦֿŰս޴ѹ嶼һ
һĵѾڻˡ
ʯ׽Աߣ΢΢ֿͣͣʯ׽һۣʱ뵽Ǳݵģɶ࿴˼ۡ
оԺٲİʯ׽ˣãٴεôġ
ŬŬˡ
ᣬŲڵ棬
ᣬŲڵ棬
뵽Լǿʯ׽һһ棬ײɾһĸп
겻ʵѾ֮󣬼Ǵ˿ϵٴ׶ܱƮƮ״̬
ʵҲǾᡣ
ʵס
ң񣬾ʵȻѾǿ󣬵ǣһԼ״̬֮£Ҳһһ㣬׺š
ֻͻ֮磬һУῪʼһ


110 ׵ķͻ
׺ܿͻƣҲ֪֮У̬Ҫ
Ǽõģһļ̬棬Ѿʼƫ·ǻ߻ħġ
ҲȻҪŬͻƣʼʱȴȫĵͶ֮Уûһ˿иҲûȥαøǿ⡣
սһߣֳһ֦
׼ǵãڵϿһӾ磬ҲһײβĸֽܣȻܽľΪľ硣
һ㣬״˿̸
ľΪ֮˾ڲľ֮ʹӲʹͣԷӳ͸վص㣬ʵѾ˶ƿ֮硣
ԼľأǾᣬʵһ޶
ﵽһ۷״̬Ҫѧģǽ۷״̬ȫķӳ
ƿء
ƽڵĵֳһ֦˫Ķǰ
һ˲䣬ƺǧĿⶼ۳һߣһ̣Ȼ䣬ͷһ˿ĸоէ֣Ȼ뵽㹥ģʽ
һ뷨һ֣ͷʱһ˫ĿȻٴλۣһɨӹĿһ˿ϸ֮
ԽУɱ
Լ̣֮֮
ͬɱʽһУȴǼеĹΪһ㣬Ե棬Ӧõͬƻһԭ
Χһ˲Եһ˿ͣ˫ս֦֦嶸Ȼ伤ڿռɲɾ޴ĹΣһ̣е֦ľһ㣬Եޱȵĳء
һ̣أɱ
֦ԿƼ˻ʵȴǼ˵Ŀݵٶȣݺݵĺϣ͵ıһɫĹâ׵Ĺ˲䷴˻ȥ
ˡ
͵һ׶ʱٴγͷۻ̬֮Ҳ޴ķ֮˳ȥ֦Ҳ˲䱬ըм
ð죬ܳվ壬Ŭվš
һ֮ƺѾֽٷ֮һս
ַ״̬սȻܸߣǱϾ״̬Ҳֻܽܵ㾳һУ⻹ûʹԪ֮һУһʹԪ֪֮Լٷְܱһ
ǣⲢԼСҲǿ󣬶߾磬̫
ˣһƣԼ֪Լ״̬ʵٿԵ֮ͬ硣
ʵѾǾˣǣΨһźǣһʵĴ룬޷Կأңһ׵ķиֻѪɫɱ¾ĸоҲʵЩˡ
˿Լֿ֣˿ս룬׸ɴ࿪ʼ
֮˲ưսӳѵɱɱɱܴﵽַӳľ硣
㣬ֻǴĿһĽƶʵľ

ʱţתۣʱȥˡ
ɫ侲ĿңһΣҪưԽˣǿʵֿٲ٣
ңǵͷһЦõģ磬Ҫעˡ˵գǵǽ㣬ڱϿžУΣǲٳµˡ
ǵͷӦʣȴվһߣȻŹǷԵú롣
΢΢ѾȫĴɣһӳѵɱɱɱС
Уͬһ㣬һ˱һ˿͡
صǵУɱ
һΣǰεĽѵңҲֱʹ˳ȻңҲѾȹ̵֮ˡ
֮ǰңȻѾﵽľ磬ȴûдͷȹһΣңȴǲϵĹΪûпȥ
ҲʹοͬʱҲ⡣
Ȼ洦ңˡ
µĹһΣ൱ڹ̱ԪЧˣٽһΣȹ˸ԺҲ˼ǿ
Чң벻ȴõ
ң֮䣬ųĳֿԼĽУײɿЦ
֪ңܱʵΣҲֻٴѵעڽ֮УȻĽһһҵ
ң΢΢һЦ¶ǳǳСѣ磬İɣҳʮοˣٲԣұǻˡ
ɫһ壬ֵ࣬˵ÿΪΪԼʵʵ֪ǺңһΣҿ˵ģѾȫĴɣԼҲ񣡡
˵ԼɣήҲǺȻ˫ۣǾȵĿһףȻſңһۡ
ң΢΢һ㶣һۣ˵ͷһ̣ʧɫ޵ңԾ˳
һƵʥׯϵңеʥŮһ㡣
׶ʱҲ
ĿԵмȣٿһָԭͱϵİսȻ׵ϣٶ֮죬Է˼
΢΢һ𣬰սȻڶһʱȻ˸ŵ֮
һʹؽľԾ裬ʱڰսƿضӦݺײڰսϡ
ʱս类һ㣬ƺץУպȻԾңȥ
ٶȣ˲䣬Ŀռıը
ݡ
ֱӵĴ͸Ŀһ̣ңɫҲһⶸȻһŴ󵭽ɫĹâžԵľ磬ңеĳȻһХȻһߣһнɫɱȥ
͡
ͬƿ֮ȴԵøӵ
ԽУɱһȣ˫Ĺâһ
ս͵һռĳʱһٺ
ɱ
ѵɱɱɱ
䣡䣡䣡
˲䣬ݺݵݺݵңĳϣɢ俪һɱֱӺݺݵնɱ˽ϣȻѿ
أ
俪Ƭ齣Ĵɡ
ңƺһɫһ԰ףף͵һʱһѪ
࣬ȻǾ࣡
һ̣ҲŭˣȻͻ쾳磡
һ׺ϣңƴԴԼǱͻˣκңԼˣҲ֣İȴҲ޿κΡ
֮£һۣ׺˺ģ׼Űˡ
ǽȹŭһ
ңɫһ࣬磬ңȫԴ򡭡
ȻЩջȴҲûб˸۵Ҫ񻯣Ȳģһ߿ţڲԵ࣬ôڽ㣡
ңһȴҲĬĬվ˳ߡ
˻һһ̣Ȼ׼ͨ񻯣ַͨʹԼǱʵԼľ磬иϣַǿԿƵġ
Ҳ˵Ӧڿ񻯣ܿѪĳ嶯ڷ֮ͬһһײУԣ
ԣÿκңսױûԣſԼڵ嶾֮Ѫ
һΣҲһ
ǵ˵ͷϡ
ڣУһ˿ЦݣƺȴٴεŰĳһ㡣
һֱӵıˡ
һΣǱ⣬Ǵ˼֡
΢΢һǵƺǿ˺ܶ࣬ҲǾƺǵʵҲ˲١
΢΢мĽＵʵ뵽Ҳô󶯾˲֪ƵģԵðɣһұǿˣҲݺŰһ١
ţײҲǷһҽУϡȻ͵Ľ⿪ֵǿӡ
εĶַ״̬ĹѾ̫࣬ˣ˲䱬ʵҲǼ˵Ӵġ
Ҳ㣬׵˻ȣҲȫװġ
˰꣬ңǵĹϵͬһ㣬ˣҲ⣬Ȼǣ׵ĸоƺֻǼ˵ĸо
Що׵Ҳû롣
˫Ȼ˸˿̣׻маζſ״̬Ĵ𽥵Ƶ֮׵˼룬Ҳ𽥵һΣȫĿ񻯣ȫĽ嶾ͨȫҲһ֮ȫ񣬵ʶȴʮֵѣ֮ǰÿһΣҪѡ
ŬĿŲ壬վţ𽥵ƽ
ĺ⣬𽥵ıûˣ֮󣬱𽥵ƽϢ
㣬ǱֵñȽƽˡ
ֻǣһ̣ƽıȴǼ˵ĸо
ңĿһۣ΢΢𾪺󣬾ϲ磬㣬ɹԼô
ƽĿ⣬ңһۣһ̣ңʱֱȫ͸һĸоʱһ˫һʱ侹ǲ֪룬֪÷
ûлشңĿת˻ϡ
ǣҲǴ쳣ȴЩοĿ⿴ס
Űսȴͬˣͬһһ㣬ɲǣһӰȥ
ǣ˲䣬ȴҲȻ䱬һɫԪ֮ͬһס˰սʹðսȫı谭
ؿһͣ޷йʹĸоѪڣһģеٴα
ǵƺӵĿͣһ˲䣬һһǶȻ֣ױͬȫѹһ޴ĵһ㣬˿̵һ޴ķʹȫϡ
䣡
Ǳĵ˳ȥѪǸƣţȻ䣬һʱ뵽˿̴ڿ״̬ȴƺƿ磬еɱҲôң
ζţڿ״̬ܿѪķ񣬱ڿ״̬Ǳޣ
״̬ڳ嶾ѾͨͬˣԣʵҲǲһ
м˸ˣԼǱ˲͵ϣʼ
ǵģһ̣ſ״̬׿ʼһأ㣬Ԫ
Ԫ磬ǽһΪ
ÿһ֣ŵĲһԪһٱǿʮ
ﵽ㾳磬ҲʵһʹýԪ֮ԪһʮǾǺֲܿģ
ԭû⽣Ԫʵһ̣ʵ񱩡״̬֮£ʵȴȫԡ
ңⶫһȥˣҪȴǼܵġ
뵽Цˡ
ЦˣҲ΢΢̣ԼƣӰһ˸Ƿңߡ
ң§ǵĲӣĿϲĿףʵǽ㣬û°ɣǲǲʲô
ܵıۣûң
ңУȴһλСѾͷʲôԼǣģ磬һǧڣǲµģ
ңϷ˵ľϲ֮ɫĵлл㣬ǽ㡣
ǰȻıۣܵĽԴңļϣţûһ㡣
ңȴ֪Լģǽ֪ģֻҲû˵ѡ
ͬģǣңҲãǲ򵥡
ǻ˵ȴǴӲڣֻ࣬ǺдֶԻ
ԼϴγѺ󣬾ͳȻԼгĻȻȻԣҲȷʵܺ
ңţǵΣʹףҲٵˡ
һУǲ֪˿̣ģǿʼѨ뷨
ǵģ֮ǰ㣬ҪģһεĳѨ
죬죬ؼ֮Ѩλغζ
ֻܹ崦Ѩλ崦ѨλÿһѶȣȴǱ֮ԭÿһصʮѨλҪӣҪѡ
ңı׶ʱһ׼ⲻĲʹࡣ
һγأٴһȻݶڵȫ嶾γ״ݺݵĿʼ˽سȥ
򵥵һأҲͻƵġ
һ˲䣬һ𣬶ʱ˽رѾͻơ
΢΢һϲʱƲ֮ݺݵŵؽسȥ
ؽأһʵţʵһأ׺ݺݵĳΣѪŵԸתų̴ơ
ƺȻӯ˲٣Ȼ˲Сˣһ̣ڶͻƣ׵壬ʱҲʼָ
ûһ磬˲Ĳϵ޸ǰ磬׳
˽ʱ㾫һΣǴޱȿ͵콹سȥ
콹أǹͨصأҪأǲױ㱻ƿ
״źܿ͵ݺݵĳ콹֮ϵʱغݺݵһһɷ֮ǺݺݵĽ˻һ̣ݺݵķ񱼣˲䣬ڶʱһƬҲ
ۡ
ѪѪһʱɫҰס
ͷһ̣ʱҲʼۼɫżһ𣬾ͬԽԽ࣡
䣬ޱȾҵʹ˺ѷһ㣬׶ʱȫĳԵʹࡣ
ңߣǿʹ࣬Ҳɲ鴤š
һ̣ҲܵԼ֮ͬǰңƿ״̬һ㣬ͷڵҲԽԽ࣬Чʱ콹أôضҲͬңһ㣬ʱըΣգʱ򣬱㲻ǲзϵˡ
һγأһȫǻԵĴȻٴε޸ʵҩЧҲۿۣԣһΣʮֵļѡ
һһһʱٴηۼޱӴ嶾ݺݵתţţһ˲䣬תٶȣ˾Եļ¡
ֲ˼ٶȣǰǷļˣѾˣǸʵʰĵһ㣡
͡
˽͵ؽѨλ֮ʱѨλһε˲䱻ؿһ̣ԵٶȣԵ͵ĳݺݵĳ콹֮ϡ
ۡ
͵һը֮촫ȫ͵һ𣬶ʱ궼ͬһ㡣
ѣ׶ʱһ˲Щ͵Ĳ֪롣
ڣһ̵ľˡ
ԭŵѪˮһ̣ǺȻͬ嶾ȵȣһ˲ۺһȻţζȥ
һ̣תٶȣҲֲܿĳҲͣ͵ףЩǡ
׻ţڵӴѾȫĲĿˣڷζȥ
ֻƬ̣ݺݵײ֮ϡ
޷ƣֻ͵һ
䣡
ʱѿ
ţӿ񱩵ݺݵĳ
䣡
׶ʱݺݵĵڵϣ˲ľҵʹܣʹݺݵĳ鴤
˲䣬ͨʹãԼ꣬һţƺһžһ㡣
ܾãܾãڶоԼü˵ӯˣͶ֮䣬ƺҲȫӵĪ
ԭ˺ۣ˿̣һ֮£ʱȻ֣ʲôˣѾȫĿˡ
ԭϵһЩϻ˺ۣеĽ裬Ȼ䡣
˲䣬ɢŵ֮⣬âҲʹԳѵõʥࡣ
һ㶣һӦ֮£Ȼ侹ͬһ㣡
ʵͻˣڽ쾳ˣ˲ˣ
˲䣬ȫת嶾ȴֱӳȡѪҺ֮еԪת嶾Ԫ֮С
֣֮һһһݶ嶾Ԫ׿ԼǶôǿ
Ȼ嶾ȡѪҺ֮еԪѪҺ֮еӴ֮һ̣׽쾳ֱ֮Ծɡ
һ̣ȴǾãƺȫûھһ㣬м˵˷ܺͳ嶯ҲϲõĹâ
ڣҪ˻һ
׻סˣʱ׾һʵȫ뿴Լڲ£ԼѪܳԶ
뷨һʱٴε
ڵѪˮϵڳӴױ̬ľ֮£ʱ񱩵
һ̣Ͷ
һؽ⣬㣬ԪȻѾɡ
ף򵥣˳֮
Ԫ۵ʵһķɽһ㣬Źɱ⣬ޱߵİԵ֮һ֣ƣѾĺˣ
Ԫһľʵ֮£Ȼʮ̶ֲȣǷ˼ģ
ǣȴ˿⣡Ϊ׳ƽԪ磬βŬ
һʼһص㾳磬ʮ
˵Ԫôڴƺ鹥ڳˡ
ʮĽ⾳ľ衣
ܶ˵ı˿̣ʮһ֮
һʹ֮ˣһΪףᱻ飡
𵴽⣬ӶڿʹԼеĽɱԼ
⣬Ľ⣬˳֮Уɱǧ֮⡣
ȻʮһǧףʵľΧ𽥵ĳ̶ȣ
һأ⣬㣬ʮҲͬɡ
ϣױʵҲȻٴξ۶磬Ҳ˲ɣ
һ̣Ǽ˵˷ܣʱݺһסһ˲䣬ȥ
Ȼһͻ쾳磬û׷֣ԼȻҲٶȾϲ֮
㣬׶ʱҲͻţ˿ûжͷ
ʵҲԼƵģһʹô˿̵ͷؽ磬ߵľ磬ǣһ羳磬ͨɫսŮӺĶԻ֪޷̤뽭
ǣϣܶ飬û˽ᣬң׻̽ĵ뷨Զ뽭׶Щġ
ԣʱûжͷ
ȻûзǿűڵĴǿѪ׵ľٶȣǣҲ۹ƣԵúǾȡ
һ̣Ѿʼɫ֮ˣңǿɰͬ
׵ɫֳ֮ģֺ޵ɫ
ʺɫѪѩ׵İɫǱ˪ڵĺɫڵͬҹƵĻɫƵͬһۣɫչֳһֲ
ߣԪÿһ壬ǱԵһ֡
ɫڣ͡һۿȥ֮£ȴ͵ѹ
û֣û裬Ҳᵨӣ񱩵׵ͷϵıţϵڷš
ۣɢٻۣɢܶʼƺԶûͣЪ
磬һֱţң񵱳ȴǸ̫ࡣ
һ̣һʱʼһؽ⣬߲㣬ݺᾳ硣
һĳǿʱܻΪ󣬶СǣСһʱǳἱ
㲻
ʮֵʱչֵѹݺֵʱչֵģĵĳˡ
ǵģ˿̣ݺᣬ⾳磬߲㡣
ӴĽ⣬۳һ㣬ֱԵĶԱ˷ɱ
⣬ϵĳҲϵĻɱ
һ֮£ԷͣӶƾԼɱ¾޻֮
һ̣ݺɹʱҲͻѶȷǳԪ硣
ڣ˳֮硣
ǣһ̣׶ʱоںأңȫԳüƣ֮УʱױҲ֪ԼѾﵽ˼ޡ
ң֮磬һֲܿľ磬֮ǰ뷨㾳֮󣬱ֹͣȻ󽫽֮˽֮˽᳾£Ȼ̤֮·
˿̣ǡҲѾ޷ܣҽȷʵֻǾͻƣδ˻Ҫ̣㣬׶ʱǰ
ǰҲ֪϶޷ͻƣԣʱҲѹΪǡôﵽ㾳磬ʮֵ˷ܡʮֵĸˡ
һѪȻıǺǣû뵽ǬҵѪͻƣ֪Ƿ£ȴξˣܣҲнһˣӦôﵽ쾳˰ɣ
ԶοĿ⿴ʱ˵ĺǽ㣬
һУǶʱҲǸ˵˹
׶ʱǵͷһܼ򵥵ӵЦǺǣǽ㣬Ҳﵽ֮ˣңٺ٣һҿ񻯣嶾ԪԪٺ٣ֻҲܺһսˡ
׺Ǹ˵˵
Ǳ˸мצ̧׹˹צӣд˿̲⣬ǽ
ôԻĶһǺϤĶһһ˿ߣڨڨһЦٺ٣ǽ㣬ʱۻǲˣȰҹΪ¿û֢ٺȱȿ
ĿǲмһצдСҸļһ԰ɣ
֪ʵͣ˲ŲԸԼٱܴȥҸԣȻĶͷ
ǵҲǿЦʱһɫӰȻѾʧϿ֮С
ףȴ뵽ھ磬治Ԫ֮ȫһԼֻܳ
ʱԼ쾳硣
ԼʵѾﵽ֮磬һ񻯣ֵʵϽݺᣬӳɱ
磬Ӧеһƴɣ
Ͼ֮ʵӦó㵽Ĳ㾳磡
ȻʵԽǿ񻯺ЧԽޣ񣬳֮磬㾳磬ҲﵽڣϽİԵǺͺڵƴУӦⲻɣ
˼ţȴǲ֪ܳȥҪùˡ


111 ս
ʦ֮ͽʵЩŲ¡ܿɫмֱ࣬ҲԵм㲡
ܿģ̲˿̵֮ԭòѾʮֵĳɫ֮УֻΪҵòű˰̣ѿ֮
òʤƤۣŵ֮ǾĶǵġ
׽һβͲݵĲݾмĵɵͽ㻹Ī˵Ϊʦȴ˽⵽ٺ٣СˣȴܣʹõӴȻ߶Щ飬Ͼҵˣ峤ĺҪˣ嶼ֻݲˣ
ܿɫһ죬ȴŭʦϹ˵ҾͲˣҷŲ£ǷŲܵİΣҲĲ¼ѣа꣬Ҫмˣ֪ôˣ㻹Ц
ӺٺһЦɵͽʦȷʵ㿪ЦģʲôɣţҲ޷ǵĵСܣ˲ãֵĽ˲֪˲ٺ٣Ϊ㱨˷Һҳǵʵܲ
ٺ٣Сӣ㣬ڻɱԼҡ
ʦ㣬ûЦɣܿɫ󾪣˼ĵ
ЦǧȷģΪʦȥƷʵ̫ˣֵǷз˵ǽħڶٺ٣ϧΪһǬԸ˼壬ڣѾһˣûϢءЦ
ôôʦͽͽȥܿҧҧ¶ĵ
ɫʱôУʵ񶼻֮磬Σܳȥﵽ붼룡
ܿݵǣʦʵ޷ͻƼ֮Щ飬룬ٶʱ䣬ҾٿҲͻƲ˵ġ
ȴ΢΢Щ㶵û˵
ʱհɫĲӰһһֻߴҵɫǣʱڵͱ֮ϡ
ӣ
ǣܿ΢΢һƺ뵽ʲôʱǾϲĵˣ֪ܴܲȥ
ֻܿ˵ױ޴ȹ˴˿̼̲ס
ɻ󣬼ܿģȴĬĬĵ˵ͷ
һ̣ȴɫЩȴǵǴڣʲôôˡ
ĪҪϻֱӴӣһʱһַԵͷû
˵ˣʵ
ӻûж룬ȴֳҺ֮ĽĪҪ͸¶֣Ȼͽ⵽Ĩɱ
һзЦʲôԸСһһ쵽
΢΢ͽɣȥѱһ£Сɣʵ֮磬ȥ̽ȫ
ɫ֮࣬ͽͳɰɣʵʵû˼ʵһ
ȥȥԼŰ죬Ҳ⣬ͽһ㶼ӷϻֱв
Ȼ֪Ӧòôӻɫ࣬ƢŹ֣˭֪᲻Ȼأ
תߵǣͬһ㣬οЦǴˣͽôȥأͽҷɶɲ
ǿ˿ܿ΢΢Ȼܿߡ
֪ҪԼȥףܿǸˣϣʼԼһ㶼ҵ·ͷ
һ̲źȻǵѣ֮ǸϷĽħװɣ
뵽ӺȻ뵽Ʊϼһһвʱ쾳粻
д˸սʱҲɰ룬ǵѣǱ̬
СҪĴﵽ֮ˣ㣬ֻʮֱ̬ˡ
Ȼʱֻһ꣬Ӷǵʵʮֵǻһ𾳽磬ӵǲ֡
ӵ뷨ֻҪһȫ׵Ϊ
û뵽ǣ׸ûз
ôණӺȻ־Լھôǧ꣬ûͻƣҪȥһż𾳽ĺ󱲣ΪԼ㵨ʶӸоЩ
ţȴǱܿԨȥӴʧɫо㤲ȴǸ²ԣʵʵĸں档
һԨʱĻþ˹嫵Ŀտʱǰ
ܿһϲʱ˼ɾһ㣬˲˲٣ɾƯ
ϧû˵ʱУֱǺɫǺ죬Բֹ
ӣСĸ˫ĴȻˣʱٿ񱼡
һǣȴ֮бֻۣ˫̤ˣֱӷУӣȴһԪ񱼶ܼ֮ʱһԪ̤񱼡
ٶȻǺôûм٣ˣȴҲϡ
㣬Ԩ֮д˰ʱǶȻӿ콵£Ȼ󸩳Ԩ
ƺºɱһ㣬˲Ҳǲֻ̱ӶȻһ¶ҡ
ȻԹҲҶ룬ñǸʶԼ
֮֮棬һƬϿȡ
Ͽ˿һƬƣʲô
Ͽ֮У߳ϣǳɶѵģӴֲ֮ǳ
ɫ˱䣬ܿôֲĸӴҲǻŻŵֱɫ԰ס
΢΢ȻӰһݣʱȥӲʾʱҲǿ񱼶ϡ
Ƭ̣һһǣϿƽ̨֮ϡ
һ̣ң˵Ц
ǺǣұǲҪ񻯣㶼޷סһˣԺҲòˡЦ
΢΢Ϣ֮󣬳ٳûеȵǣױϢʱ䣬ң
ң΢΢һ죬Ц磬ξˣҪұȽôǺǣ֮ļ֮սǲ׼ȥˣʱܴô
׵һЦǬĪôҪȥģСˣңҳ군ҪȥԼʵԼȥˣʵ֮УһǺܷĵģţ˳Ҳ磬һкܶԼҪ㲻ˡ
˵ţɫâһǶʱƽ̨ϡ
ǽ㣬Ȼ䣬סˣǱϵˣһ˲䣬㿿ǵıԣųϵĵϤζϢ
ǵģܿеĵζͷɫսŮźܲͬϢ
ζʵÿŮϣС
ʶʮǿˣֻҪǺйһʱӴ֮ˣôױô仯Ҳͨζһʶ
ܿ㣬û
״ϲ˿̣ЩĲӣҲ˲վܿڷȥ
֪ܿû׵ģһ˲䵱дļĸжġů
ţףûҲûҿ㣬ĺܸˣһ̣ܿҲϲ
Ŀɻ󣬶ңתͷ˿ܿȴһʱƺҲ֪롣
һӿߣôףܿӨӨȴû˵
һ̣ĺ׵ĻУȻúõĴһЦһڹеļǣǿ
ÿ˼浽һ̣ǧȴѳһԡ
һ̣ңܿף΢΢һ֮£ɫ˼
΢΢ҧҧ촽ŬЦݣĬĬߡ
ĬĬĿңһʱҲЩ
׾ôĿܿܿҲôĿס
׵Ŀ⣬峺飻ܿĿ⣬ȴ΢΢м䣬м˸ҲмԱмԵ㲡
ܿ㣬СʱҾ;ãĺоǿˡ׺Ȼһ¶ʱܿ㡯һҲֱӵı̬ȡ
ܿһɫ΢΢мֲ԰ס
ԳһЦܿһңЩף԰׵ɫҲ΢΢ЩȴͬǿջЦܵܣ㳤ˣղź͵˵ĻܿҲˣܿٲ׸ˣһؼңɱЩ֮˰գ
ܿ㣬㻹ôűˡ׿Цûн͡áһʣŵͲỳǸСô
ܵܣܿ㣬һ˵ŵģҲֻˡܿ˵仰ȴ΢΢ͷǴллҼס
΢΢ͷɫȴͬƺЩ˸С
ʱĴ·
һڴӴֵģ»ߣˡ
һ̧ͷӺȻ֣ǺԼͽ⣬Ȼ
ϸһˣһһŮò֮ʵһ֮磬һǼ֮硣
Ӳɵһ
Թԣ˾ǴѰɣȻ˵áֹţȴǲĶ࿴׼ۡ
ĿȻеΣٺһЦǵϴʲôʱʼѽͽҪء
ܿһѾʧȽϵ䣬ȴǿЦʦģͽѾˣ꣬Ӧܴﵽ˵ǰ㾳硣
Ӵϲ棿ĪС顪
˿ףֿ˿ܿٿ˿ǣʵıˡ
׿ܿңģҲΣȴ΢΢һ̾Ҳͣǻȥ¼ɺԼĹϵ˳á
ǶܿǶң׾ǵһ㣬ʲô顣
ĵģǸɫսŮˣϧȥ޷١
ȻҲֻǻѣԼĸ飬׻ǿúصģҲ׵ϲһŮӡ
ȻɷܿĺƯҲֻǼϵûֱѪԵϵǶܿҲֻм򵥵ĺøжѣܿӼλǸмȴǺͰ޹ء
ԣܾܾɰ¶ңܾܾǿǿȴĵķ¡ҲȻܾܾˡǿܿ
ңҪһǣǸʲô
ܱƵ콫İŮһɱҲɱأ㹦֮ôȥһˣ
ң֮֮ƺǿֲǳ㣬˸ȥ
һˣ⻹ȥô
֮ͨ磬׺̵ʶһʵǱǣǿްԵĽҪģĺܶࡣ
ҲټĲǰԣߵŮӣǱܵı˾롣
ǽ㣬ܿȥϴţҺܿʦԣġ׶˵ſһۡ
ǵ˵ͷܿһۣܿ⣬ʱңߡ
˿ͱڴվţһһңվм䣬ҲǵȻ
λã׵ܵ˰ɣǺǣᣬȴĺܣƽʱ̫䵭ܿʱ̲סЩĽЩ˵
ңԳһЦ˵Цˣҿɫ㣬Ůһ㣬ǱأĿôᣬңҲֻǱöѡ
ãܿȴ΢΢𼸷ֻϲȴЩ꣬ʲôֺγǣ㣬ҵܣǣǲܵģңҲϲң㣬˳ĺá
ңҲһϲɫȴ̾ʵҲҶʲôô˵˵Ѿܿˣ书ãòƽƽʵ̫ͨĪҪ˵ĻˣԼ֪Լҵ顣
ܿҲһ̾Ƕ˰գ׵Сʱ˺ܶѣܣڶųˣҺעĽܡ
Ҳ뿪ˣԺúΪʦҲΪ⡣
ãģֻҪĬĬĸһ죬صߵġ
ңҲԵЩ䣬ȴǻĲԾĸǵͷֻǣƺоˣô࣬ģҲףֻҪĺãˡ
˵˵ţѹúܵͣļ⣬׺ӣ
Ͼ˵ʵҲôߣߣǺġ
˵ţȴĿЩ˸ϱЩʧ䣬Щıˡ
̧ͷųУֻӺٺЦٺ٣Сӣǽħף
΢΢һ㶵ʲôħףײ٣ħСӵڵţǰҪ˵Сӻллǰܿ㲢Ϊͽ
΢΢ͷǽ͵ģʵ̳ҽħţҲνңôţȷʵԲ˳
˵ЩˣȻǴԣҽҲܰһˣҿҪȫˣ
˵ô˵ײҵĶѣǲ׳֡
ǰףãԼԪ֮ӦܽסУǳԪ֮СӰжӲס
İɣ
״˿Ϊ嶾Ԫ֮Ϳ״̬ԼʵжǿԼǲǻ볹׵ķһ̣Աʵȥսû˼
ˣ׶ʱ˾ϢԴԴּⵤ֮Ȼ죬һַӡһ˲ȫĽ˿
໡
͵һƶ˼ı仯
Ԫ֮һ˲ȫĹ壬׶ʱȫ񼤵ţŤΡ
ɲǼ䣬𽥵˵ѪɫѪ˿ϵ·Ҳһ˲䣬ڼͣը˿
һ̣ȴǳ״̬ǣϵƤѪɫںһ𣬻˵ɫͬսһĶϣ͸״̬ʹһƤսס
״̬Ⱦȵıǣξȵģӡ
Ԫսףɫһ䣬ӺٺһЦʱϵʱҲ𽥵ı仯˿˻ɫս״̬
Ԫսס
磬Ԫھ磬γԪսףͬһ㡣
ֻͬǣԪսף֮ޣȴܻû״һǵﴩѣûж;
ҿԪսףȴЩ˷Ԫûʲôǿķǵòʧ顣
Ӽƺ֮ԪսףԼҲһʾԵĹ
ϾԪսף˵ڵʵˣԣҲҵ
ףûںЩ˿̵ĸܵ˺֮ǰһĸооʹԼ
Ѫ֮ЩŨ̬ҲЩƽͣʶǱȽѵģȫ״̬£Ч׻ǿԽܵġ
һۣ׶Ȼ䣬ֱʹ˽һأ߲Ľݺᡣ
嶾Ԫ֮ݺĽ⣬һʵһĹ㣬Ȼ۵Ĺâһ˫ĿⶸȻһͣʱǽ⣬Ѿ͸Ĵԡ
䣡
ģǺݺݵһͬһ㣬һ˲䣬Ӵһ˫Ŀ⣬ʱмִ
һֹ̣ĵ嶾Ԫ֮˫ҲǺ˸֮
ɱ
սһֲĿռԪѹ֮£ռֱӱ
Ե֮£͸ĿռըѾûˡ
ݡ
һ磬ɲǼѾͷڿгֳһ޴ĹΣŵİսѾֳ˼˵ķơ
ɽͬɽƣȴһ˲䣬Ρ
ѵɱɱɱ
γһԽ֮ƣԽԪ֮Ԫһ֮Ӵ
ǿƣʱѹȵϵʱӱ޴ѹ˹
Ȼʱ̣ܶȻǱˣӱϾʵ˵ãǧǰѾﵽڣǧȻûͻƣʵȴҲ٣
ֻ֮䣬ӶȻһѴһٹͷԪ֮񱩶ȻֱԪ˸ƺͼסһ
һ̣ңܿǣ˫ĿĶ˵ս
䡪
Ӵ͵һը֮˲䱻޵
ɣ˹ͬͬ죡
Ӻݺһʱһ˵ϣʱҵٴεıը
ףȴһ֮£ȴȵĴӿ¡
͡
սݺݲ棬ŴڣŴȴѪ˿
һ֮£Ѿ̽Լ񻯺ʵˡ
ڵʵ
ڣ䲻⣬ܽ˵Ҫɱĺѣ
һ㣬Ȼ⣬ֻ΢΢Щϧǣ״̬Ԫ֮أֻôһУ۵Ľһ
㣬Ʋѣ׾ʹۡ
ȻƽϰȴһҪʹֻۣҪǿ֮£۵ĳɳŻڴĳɳ£Ҳеĳɳ
ǱĴӵ˿³һڳңݺݵĵСӣ
׺ٺһЦȻã
˵գٴͬǰһ޶ʹͬʽ
ٴһһԴϷٴγһ޵
ǲ̵ֻмܣһը֡
ڵϣƨɺ͵Ħŵ˽ʮףҲһ䣬Ǽ˵Ǳģʱǵ鲻õңܿ͵Ц
ǣҲݸ
һ̣ȴѾʼˣϷ⣬ʵϣ״˿ȴ𽥵Ҫ˻ԭʼ״̬ˡ
嶾ԪңˣսףȻҪʧսʧǳˣ
һԼ·ըˣǺңܿˣ״󺧣˲Ŷȥ
ճɽãϵս׶ʱʧԳѪ


112 ءɽ
һ̣׺Ǳƽַ񣬶ǽѣҳҲֻǲ֡
Ͼϵ䣬ȽϿ״̬ǽ·ȫĳűˣ׵ǿЦ
ڳʲôսףȻɵǶˡ
һ㱼һ飬ԶȴǴңܿе
磨ܵܣû°գ
Ĵ׵ľ룬ƺ
˵ڵ׵İΣ˸˹
ɫڣʱæû£ܿ㡢ղս·ˣȥ洩·ٳ
㻰˵ԶĽŲȻͣӵҲԵʮֵľס
ܸӦŮɫ콿ߵģ
Ůһڣܡ
Ϊʱķ·棬׵˲٣ƽʱбʯĴ֮С
ֻǽʵû뵽飬׶ʱҲֻ
бʯĴɫ·óЩ·һߣ׼ͱԱߵɽ֮УܷԺš
Ͼ񣬿ܿң񶼻ﲻˣȻλˣŮбŮܲףԼҲء
ʯ֮ƫһء
֮ʮǿǰʵ죬ȥֻ£ȴѾںϴˡ
֮УٹϾ𽥳档
ںһһϵĵѪѪ۶ʱʮͻأȫʧϵ˰̱Ϊ֮ȫʧ˿̸̥ͬһ㣬Щµĺۼȫϴȥ
⺮أƺؼһЩҩγɵľˮϴȫ֮󣬲棬ʵҲܵõܴĻָֻΪ̫ڱǰ׸ûʵϴֻϿ֮Ϫϴ
£ʮ̹ǵĸоһƬʡ
ҩˮأԶǿ߹ףǸոϴ֮ˮ£ᱻ֮ǰϴҸȾ
ǣŵùġ
ϴ壬ʵҲ𽥵Ļָ˼ּ֣ⲿλ嶾ԪڼⵤһţΪ⺮صЧܿĻָ˴롣
и֮ȴҲԸܣϴϣأһתϵĺ֮ˮʱʧΡ
ţƺŵҩζ׺ܵ˼ȻٵĴôһɫ
ĺأȴǺȻĺȻڳ֮Уʱʧ
΢΢㵣Ҳ֪ǺؿֲҾˡ
һ̣׵ľȶڼ֮磬ҪͻƣҪľϵˡ
һ㣬ҲףԵҲż
ʮ꿪ʼʮ࣬ʱ䣬ȴǴһ֮ﵽ˴˵֮е޳ʥĸ߾磬ڻԽľ磬ﵽ˳֮٣лЩɾ͸еġ
۽кǵ֣
һܳܵԼһУ
Ȼһ̣Ҳȫ˰Ȼʱ
ңǵڽ֣߳ԼҲ޵еģ
һ룬׵飬ҲȫĴȻңȷʵڻмֻĺݶ뷨棬ȴʼмŲµˡ
ʣ°꣬ԣҪʼˣϣʢļ䣬Ҫʼˡ
Ȼڷ֮飬Ӱ첢󣬶Ϊʵɱ׷һָӵܣһģԽΪŵӡ
˵ʵϣѾ˸ɵĸӹѡ
һһߣڷҼȫɨͦǵõ֡
£ײ֪
֪ΪɵĲ֣һȵļ䣬Ǽˡ
Ȼļ壬֮ϣļ壬޼壬ǿˣнɵĻᣬȻŬİա
βɣ֡ءɽɽ󳬼ɣ˵ҲŵԱȽɢʵԽǿԽСԽ
Щ飬ײ֪
ǣżŲɹȴ֪һЩġ
ӵıȶ֮Уż˵׶ʱ֪ˡ
׵ǸȥʢĽˣ˳ȥܽˣȻСغͶ
ȥ£˳ɱ֮ˣ䶷ȴǲ׼֡
׼ңǰȥΪԼòҲѾع⣬ԣϲϣûˡ
ܿңһƬǴƺŨ񣬶ʱҲ뿪Լǹѡ
Ҳ⣬˾˲õҴ֮󣬱Ҳᡣ
ӣǵĻǲҲңܿ˵ֲĽʱɫҲһŵķס
֮ӸǰɽĽȥˡ
ܿңĹϵܺãʵ൱ÿ򶷲ֹ㺹죬żдէй׼ˣҲǵȻһЦװûһ㡣
ԷֺԺλŮٵʱһζһΣżλŮӻ֣һռʱҲֻ
ŮˣԼòǿúҪģңܿҲⲻס
ʱ䣬ǢķΧ֮š
תۼ䣬ʱ䣬ҲѾȥıԣҲʼ
££µʱ䣬Ǳӡ
£ʱѾ¶ʮˣʮ죬ʽԾҪˡ
ʽ֮ǰԤѡײû⡣
࣬׽ȫһؽ⣬ǰ߲㣬ȫģ˲С
ﵽ㾳磬׵ĿؽҲ˵ǿڽ׽̤ڰսϣܷнһӡ
ֻǿϧȻҪһߵ͵ö࣬ʵܷһӣѾǼˣĴþˡ
ⶫŻһ˻ǿԵģҪ˵ǼǼеļߡ
ŪôȴǶܵЩǰڡɡӰ졣
ңʵҲȶľ磬ܿʵȴҲͻ˼֮磬ϾԹ֮綼ͻƣôҲʵ˵ȥ
ԣ׾ȥߵʱңܿҲȥ
Ҳ֪ײϲǸߣˣԼȥתת
ľ磬ŮҪŮװΪԷһûʲô⡣

ʱ䵽¶ʮˣ׸ǡӡң֮ܿ󣬽²һֱ֦ӵ𣬷¡
֮ԲսΪսҲعˡ
İսڲֱӸ߱ˣҾס
ӣȴǿĽСӣôãˣҪһΪǽ𵤾ˣ⽣ħĽȷʵͬһ㣡
˵ţȴܿң˫ĿԣƺԼ쳣΢΢һ룬ӶʱҲ֪ˡ
ܿĳЩʵͻƼ֮磬Ҳﵽľ磬ˣӸ֮£˵뷨Ҳ⡣
֪ҲȥҲᣬװû
ʵŮӣ뽭ӻǺܷĵġ
ȻҪٳˣҲֻ޻˵
ңܿ״ϲǴк֮󣬰ݱӣʱҲŶɽȥȻȥױˡ
ǣ˸Ƿֱ˵Ըӿ
ǷӲҲԭӶԸߣ㣬ҲӦ뷨
ţ̧ۿ֮ʱֻռ΢΢һ˸ǶʱҲʧˡ
ſյɽȣӿЦ˰꣬£Լֳɹ¼ҹˡ
Σ˿ɽڣҲû洳˼䣬ȴ΢΢һƺһ⡣
䣡
һȻϲǧˣСӣ´οҲŰ㣬Ҫͻˣ
һ̣ӵǴϲ֮˿ܣҲ˳ʱʼǱ
ڣԽǰڣɵһѶȵĿԽѣ飬˵һλ
ӺܼĵԪþòƽ
͡
ӴԪʱ𣬲ϵķţѲڣ˿̣ӴԪ֮ƺڿͷԿռռһ㣬ʹ࣬˲ʹӲҽ

ȷʵ֮ѣչ꣬ʶռ䣬ǿʶļ͵ȡ
һʶﵽҪ󣬽תΪνġʶ꣬ǻΪ㣬Ӷþűܷӳʵ硣
ûо磬޷ȴͨԣþʶתΪʶѶȣȻʹ࣬ȻԵʮ衣
ӲҺţɱһƽвϵĻɽ֮УżֻӴޱȵĴķ
أأأأ
ľ磬ƺȫĶѿȻʼըԪǺһ㣬ϵںֱײȻʼڵﴦۡ
ȵ۳һ壬ٴα
ʹ࣬ܶʼһֱûͣЪ
ӵĴԣǱ͵Ա˸ڣ沿Ťͣȴǿֲޱȡ
䣡䣡
ʹݺݵһ꣬ƺͬҪһ㣬һ̣ƺоЩĿĸоˣϵ壬ƺںܿˣ壬ƺڻָеܡ
䣡䣡
Ժ͵һʱͷȵļͷʱͬһ˪һ㣬һ˲䣬ͷŸ
Ӻݺݴ˸սһʱ䣬˷ͻˣͻڣ龳ˣ

ǣϼ塣
Ǽ͸ˣãǬܽضˣҵĺˣңΪǶһΣǣѡӣǣΪҫһҪȫԸ
ǬȻŵģΣһһҵģ


113 սǰݱ
ܽأһ̣ϱʮֵļ
ңѪ֮󣬵ױѾһǧɡ
ħ׷ͷһȴܵż
ڣǬʵԶʮ䣬ﵽֲʦ۷徳磬һԾΪ֮󣬽֮š
ΪǬʵĶԱȣܳһһɱʦ۷֣ȴһûɱǬ
´ǬʵǱ˵ĺܸߡ
ȻʵǬûй¶Ҳ޴ӵֻ֪ܴӸƬ棬Ʋ⡣
ǹһ㣬ǬѾҵӲĳ
УҵܽʵҲﵽʦ־磬ʮ䣬ʣĽʣ˾̾
Ǭ֮ܽ⣬ﵽһ۷徳磬أȻ̿࣬ȴûʲôƫСֻڶ۷徳硣
Ȼˣ֮ˣһǧ֮ʱȻżȴҲء
ϾңǿǱڡ
Ӽ֮߳Ѿҹˡ
µѾмȣܽϵǲһ˿أͷϣȴǺϵʡ
磬Ľ㣬˵𣿡أֻܽСһꡣ
ܽѾʮˣأҲʮˣ˴Ѿǰ㺢̬ͯˡ
غܽò˵ƣͬ˼£Ž÷ֵòӰӣȴǱȽ÷ʱӵˡ
Ǭź󣬱Լķ䣬ȴǻܽػȥϢ
ôضҲôܽһЦмʧ˵
سĬƬ̺Ҳ֪Сʱһܲ£ߣҲϲ㲻ϲңǴ˲֪磬ܿ࣬ҹôѽ磬ֻ¸Ǽˡ
˵ڵĽһļ֮Ȼʮǿ󣬵Ǵȴǲ֪᲻Ҳ֮ԺǻΪ𣿡
ܽЦǺǣİɣӦûģңԶΪеģ壬кܶ飬ûнأ
΢΢ЦܽضЩҪ˵֮ʲô£ֻҪԼͺãЩ£׾УԺ󣬲Ҫۡ
ܽؾǵ˵ͷ
ܽȻ̧ͷ磬׸ϢôȽϡ硯ƺܽϲ׸硯ԱȽܵĳƺҲΪǾĵĻù֡
׸磬Ҵ㣬㣬ܽˡܽ˵Щˡ
ܽҪܣߵʱչ㣬ӣûйֹģѹϤİο
˵Ժ䣬ܿ͵ˡ
ܽ˵ͷص֣ĬĬԼķ䡣
磬ȥաº˵ܽҲͷʾ⡣
΢΢һЦ˿ĵ㣬룬ԣֵģҲҪرضΣա
֪ȥգ磬ҲҪŬ΢΢һЦش֮󣬱Ŵ
ùغŴɫȴ𽥵м侲
תͷĬĬԼԺȥȴ˼ţҪڱ֮ǰǬҷҪڱ֮󣬽Ǭҷ
ףкǾģܵܣСʮֵϲΪ࣬ΪĸҲʱ䶼鲻
װ֮ͻ˶־磬׼Ѱ׵ʱױѾˡ
һĸ̾
ͬǼӵܣȴر𣬶ңһķˣҪô࣬ʵһʮʹ顣
ȻûᣬϵĽ⽫ɽܵĲ¡
ͬܡ
ң磬ڴǬɻ󣬲˵ֵܼƺȱЩҪӦò棬ҲЩ졣
ܽأԼףԼܣȴԼϺԼϣȻԼòеԣ˾һ۱ƳֵܣǬòã˺峤ϡ
Ȼò棬ֻС⣬ֻγģüƼǬ峤̸ʲô
ԣڴ£Ѿǻˡ
ֱ׳ɱǬųǻ
˾дԣΪ˹ϵôý㣬ܽ۰ȴǶǬ֮ǣ
Ȼ˼ٰǬ׷ɱףǣǼٰô
ǻɡ
ǰЩ죬ⱻ˴ӳ˯֮оѣһլԺ֮⣬ȴȻǬں֮飬ʤ֮󣬽ҵġ͡ˮ߲ķ
ǬʱʧɫھԼĺˣڶ뵽ϣϸ룬ȴ־òܡ
һ£⼸죬ҲһֱУ޷Ĩȥ
룬֮£¹ҪǸߵĺã
㣬¶˾ԼլԺȥ
ԶʢĻ̳ߣĬĬˮɣ΢΢̾ϢһۣĬĬĽˮš
ڻ֮УԶĻ׶ҪŬˡ

ϢôСѯʵ
΢΢ţƬ̺󣬴һЩƣл˵
֨ѽ
űˣźɫᱡվڣˣԵѾмֲϡ
ôûϢô󣬾ҪˣϢעӣ̫ˡ÷һҲ˳һϮɫĳԼ֣Գ˵ϡ
ţҵл˵˵˵գŶӵ£˺ܾãǺ͵˵˵Ϊá
ɫʱҲ˼أ÷ȥԺЪϢΪһ̱
ţүҲĵ̫ǻս˵ĵĺܡ÷ţȴ𽥵Զȥˡ
˿ܣϸӦһȷʵˣѹԼ飬ԭԭһֲ˵˳
ɫһȴЩŵĵʵ㣬ܽӽǬ֣
ʱҲɫһͣȷʵЩ֣ȻǺȥģǺ˳Ҳ˵治Դ磬£ʮأӦϸǡ
Ϊ˴ݾߣ£ɲȾϣע⼴ɣҲﵽʦ۷徳磬ٴ磬Ӧòġ
ɫţϲŭһֱֵĺ򶨡
Ƭ̣ӳ£м֪
£ͺһ֪ܽضƺڴ磬ǲϲҡ
ܽһ㣬ΪӡΪǬȥɱףӰضܽߵĽ뷨Ҳǵ뷨ϵϣСӺ֡Щ˵
ɫһ࣬ΪΣ֪ģܲԵ˵ȥݺգ˵ֻҪ΢ģ֪٣飬Ҳûʲôǣ
΢΢ͷЩӣһ˵Щ飬ȷʵЩ졣
һ£ʱʱʲôʲô˽أѹʵ
Ҳʲô˵õܣ˵ӺǸ˵ĵһ̥ЩѲǺȻҪˣһʱ䣬ҲţҶˣǵһ̥
ڻ峤ϲϧݣȥĲţǺǣ˽ʱСӣɲˡ
ûԱôСʵ
ЦŽǲԴѾߣϾܶ·죬Щɡأ
˵⣬ӻɫȻ䣬͵һӣϵĲȻһ𣬶ʱը˿
󵨣ӣǸһͳѪʵǻˣ
ˡһʱɫҲһܣԼ׷ŭлЩܵģеĻɣȴǸˡ
ǣһ̣ȴǵûм⣬ԼУȴǿʼ˼
һֵܽˣ˺ͼ֮һˣϸ֮£ȴǺ峤ϾƣȻĴԵú峤ʮֲͬǻˡ
ң˹ϵƺأҪǣڳʱԼĴ绹˿ص¡峤ģӵ͵ת֮£һ峤֮λҲ峤ô
һ̣׺ȻǱͱ׷ɱһоԼýܿܵĴѹһ˲䣬еϵһʱˡ
ýܿһʵǿô峤ǻᴫڸʵ߳ͳѪӵ㾳ϸ֣ôȻܿǸвѹȻѹ֮ˣֻǾǴɳȥġ
׿֮ܿ󣬱ףȻ䣬̶̼꣬ʵȻﵽ۷壬Ȼһҹ䣬㱻׷ɱң׷ɱ֮ͷ֣ͷ죬Ǭ
֮һУȻ˳¡
⣬ԲᣬԲᣡ
һ˲䣬ʱȫͨ͸ˣǣһ֮ԼĴ硢Ǵ㣬ںη
𰸣ֻ峤ϲ֪
ԭأоԼ׵ķŭһʱ䣬ǲ֪Ӻ˵
΢΢̾ĪҪ֪ˣ䶷֮󣬺ţҲ뽭ʱ򣬺ὫԼеһУԭսһУ͵Ǻɡ
΢΢һЩص֪̾꣬磬ѾˣҲᰲݻ
֪ÿϣ嶾ҺʹģΪ˼壬˵ƴ
֪峤⼸ʮ꣬Ϊ˼飬ȢӣҪǣ峤ʮǰΪȸף壬Ѿкˣ

㡭ȥգ֮ˣֵ㣬Ҫϡ飡ӳ˵Ȼ΢΢̾Ϣһ
һֻЩ˼顣
΢΢̾ˡ
ţЦһȻ̾ٲԣƲǳģǺȻ䣬ƺֶ˺ܶ࿴Ķ档
ܣµôģѾ֪˰ɣ£ûȥˣҲֻܿˡ΢΢̾ȴмֱƺΡ


114 ֵܣ
Խ쾳֮׵ı仯ȻǺܴġ
񣬴֮磬ѾȫϢ緲һ޶صȣҲԵĴﵽ˼ı
ߣ΢һ壬һ̣״ҡڵţȴҲıƳ
ңʵɱ飬ʹñѪɺӣǸǲʲô
ıԣһȻ֮е䶷Уˣǡҳǵȶܱ߳У壬ǻżӵܣǰ
Ȼ֮ǰԤѡ£ÿһԵģǾѡӵܡ
Ȼһʵﵽ۷徳磬ڶʮģԽ
һɫľһ̵֮ͨͭҳǵķĽֵϡ
ûлң֮ѾһӴɫġԵúھ֡
ھ֣
ĸ֣΢΢ɨһۣ΢΢Щͳ
˴ңӵеأңȻѾңȴҲֻǱ߽⣬֮䣬½ھ֣
ʵ̫۸ңûô
ͬðң״˿̺ǲ޵뽫ھָˣǵڼʱЩͷ
ٴ⽭׸ܣȴЩͬˡ
伴У֮УҲ֪ⳡУջ̵ȣֱ֮ơ
ңһȺȺ¹С㣬ĵáеȣһȺȺģ洦ɼ
Щ֮УЩ֮ˣʵѾǲס
Щˣ֮еӵܣ
һʣ˵𣬴˿׼жʱЩ
ɲȼ壬ԣһΣ˶ǰҲ΢΢˼ֵǡ
ײԼս£ȴǵԼøЩɸѡˣôҪ鷳Ķˡ
ÿ壬ΪѡǺܹʵ飬ͨӣȴ֪ٵıЩȴǲѣɱ

ҳǴ죬̽䶷Ϣױڷǰȥ
ʱ׿ȥҺͷҵլԺȴȻ֣ͬģھռ졣
ǵģȻǱɫھ֡
΢΢һʱҲȻֵھ֣ǲ򵥡
Ҳûж롣
ְ֮ѹأÿȥ֮ˣҪóԼӷɣһ֮£ʱ΢΢ɵۡ
׼˳ȻûɽȥһλĸߴȴǺȻ֣׵ļ¶Цݵλ̨ʵһȥ
ѾܵĶֻΪԷһˬʸоױûз佫ĻԼϡ
׵ȻһЦλ˵Цˣ¹߽ȴûֻ뿪ˡ
ˬһЦǺǣλ̨һȥɽ˾ƣùһˣ̨֪γƺ
иڴ˵ĺˬ΢΢̧ͷ˴һۣ΢΢һ㶡
òǺϤ
˲Ҳ뵽¼䣬֮˺ܶ࣬Ҳ֣ң˿ԼݣӦúϤ֮޹ϵ
ˣҲǵһЦԭ˾ɽɵĵ¡СǸˡ
͵ܿʲôһۼ㣬ΪֱܣֻиӦһ㣬Ǻǣ͵ĪҪ⣬Ϊȷʵעܾˡ˾ƳϿЦ
һ˿ů֮⣬˾˵ĸоҲУֻûбֳѡ
ţˣ˾ˡ΢΢һЦ˾Ƴȥ
ǰ˺ܶ࣬Ҳû˾Ϊûкʦһ˱ôĳſȥ
ſڵһ۷֣࣬һŵжվϡ
ͷʵǴʦ־磬Ѳ飬Էֹʲô¼﷢ȻҲֹĲ֮
վסóƺȻ뿪
ʢıȶ൱ϸģûʲôμٵأÿˣ̲顣
˾΢΢һЦóһ鵭ɫƣһȺһΡ
һȺԭʮʱǻһԭɽɴ˾ˣ룡
˾ƵЦλϸִ˽ף˾壬ؾ񡭡͵ܣ롣
˾֣룡
΢΢һЦȴĹâҲ˾һȥ
ڲһźȻߴΧǽڲصݺֻܲһ֮ȻǱ룬ᱻش̻ɴˣ
ȻǴﵽʵǲ£ǵʱ򣬱ض֡
Ͼ֣֮ҲϷʮǳؽʮ֮һˡ
ǺǣĪҪ֣Ҫ֪ⶫĴ󣬾ۼĿʮǳصĸľӢϷʮǳأɽҺʹȴȥ˱ǳأűǳ棬ֲ٣ղǱӵܡ
ΪϺɳϣԼﵽʦ۷徳糤峤ҪееΣˣһԣֻһɽĵˡ
ƺ֪׵ɻ˾ƽ͵
˾ƺֹۣЦԶĹϣ˵⻰ҲоԼоǱů
΢΢ͷȴЦ˾֣֪οʵأǺǣ⣬ȷʵȽϺ档
˾Ц磬Ǻܸӵģߣ붼ƽһЩȻģȴ뻹ھ֮УһִϡεľգǺǣ͵ܣһע㣬ֻΪ̫ƽ̫ͨˣߣҲƽ㾳磬ۣӦһָľ硣
ԣΪִ󵨵Ĳ²⣬Ӧһλز¶ĸ֡
Ϊ̽Ϊּ򵥵ĳˣ򵥵κ˶ԷӦʽ͵ȴûзⲻ˵͵û书ȫĸӦһ֮Уûɱ⣬һ㣬ΪֱΪҲһֵýύġΪˡ
˾֣ʵ̫ˣС֮ǺǣȷʵѾ쾳磬豹ˣ˾ֻһѾˡ׹Ц˵
˾ҲǹһЦ̸
ߣĸǣҲǻຮţһߣһġ
䶷޴ĳѾηվˡ
һȥͬɽ˺
ң䶷ܵƣͬĺǹ淶ͬԳ˽˼˵ǻۡ
һ¥һƽ̨ƳλƵƣ֮ǰνݵƣҪ󼸷֡
ˣޱȣʵ콨Щ⣬֮һһǧʯҲڻ¡
ֻһۣ˾Ʊǰɽڵĸ¥
ɽɵĸ¥ΧǺܴ󣬵֮ֻ˾ƺ׶ˡ
¥Աߡֱһģһĸ¥ֱءɽĴ֮ˡ
֮УɣȴһϺкһСɳ֣ϺһɫģׯϣСɳֹǸ棬ȴ˫ĿĴ
ɣȴŮӣһʮꡢɫɴŮͷ߸ʱŮӣȻ˾磬ĸߡ
أȴͷ˿һɵģȻԵá
ڻɽȴֳִ󵶵ĴֺçһˣǴ׳Ĵ˵⻰дﲻϣֲͣ
״һɨòʱġ
˾֣ղ˾ʵһ㣬ǿϲɺѽ
Աɣһɫ䵭ʹ°ŮӶ˾˵Ŀ⣬ȴ˿ûпһۡ
Ǻǣԭޱ̺ŮǺǣһ˾΢΢һЦǹŮʵ֮죬ʵ岻ѡ
˾մˣ²ѭ򽥽ѣ˾մ߸ˣʵʵ˾֪̾λӣԺδͬһɫɴȴ˫ˮĿǳںڵĳƮ֮浾ʣʱʹʮֳһɫɴȷʵż˱֮С
׶Щ֮첢ð֮ǰޱ̺ŮӵҲΪ⣬һٴα˵ΪȴЩΡ
΢΢һЦ׵ȻЦ֮ˣȻԽǺǣ𸴣֪Ůɷ⣿
˵ױʵ˵ˣʵٸߣҲ޷ﵽ
΢΢һ㵣ȴǶʱ֮е⣬ʱ΢΢ͷٳĬ
ޱ̺ۣȴǵһۣƺЩ׹Ū
ԭҲ˵Ȼ䣬ƺʲôƵģȻ˾Ƶ˾֣ɣաޡô
˾һ㵣ȴĿЩ˽ĵǺǣºųˡõʥŮǽŲѡĵģҲȱ͵һ
һ˿ߣ˾֣ģλѣҲŮӣʵǿȴˡ֪ǷŮӣ
˾΢΢һ㶣漴ţӦòطޡ֣УӦûû߽˻֮治У£Ҳֿ϶ġ
͵ܣʵ⽭֮ϣվ˶ˣмĪˣǸˣ
һ㶣ȴҲû˵ͷ
˾һ㶣漴ҲȻѹ֣Ǹ糶ϹϵʵǿΪֶţȻΪһ䣬Ǹ磬Ī뻪ɽɣȻǺΪжˣرɽѣҪѰѣһҪѡá
׵˵ͷ˾֣Ȼˣұ㣬αԣ˳Ƽռˣ֮󣬾Բڵˡ
Ȼ͵ܽܵģΪŵù˾ƺˬЦ
ţȻףˣ˾֣ҿǱߡ
˵ţ׽ָܽˡ
˾ƺȻһ֮Уǲ˼顭
૰죬˾ĬĬԣȴǼ
ˣǺԼųƣǡԼ


115 ࡤĪ1
˾к𾪣һˣźˬֱʵԸ񣬵Ϊںܶ飬˲䣬ܺܿźǿıܷӦ
񣬵һۼ˾б𾪵ԸӣΪòòʵ̫ˣƵˣԼһۣԼӦֵһ㡣
ǧ磬治Уƣûʲô˵ģǵƵĳ̶ȣȴǽľġ
׼˾𾪵ģԱ˿ֿ˿˾ƣһʱҲ˳Ĭ
˵Ĵ粻ͬ˾ƳţļɢЦ࣬üĿ˫Ŀ񣻶ȴų鷢£ߴŵ˸ŵĴ󵶣˸һ
ǣⲢ˵ơ
˾֡΢΢֮Уע˵
˾΢΢һ㶣ʱ˹Ǹһʱ£ԣʵʧ֮͵ܻ
˾֣ؿ͵˵֮ˣһжŮ֪˾ο΢΢һЦʵ
˾ƵȻЦţˣʵǺɫ˿Ůߣʦ־磬ǰӣʵһ۷徳磬ŮӣҲж۷徳磬䣬Ҫɽɣκ⣬ؼȻԸ⡣
ǺǣԸⲻԸ⣬һ棬˾ֲصġ΢΢һЦ
˾ȴǺȻ͵ܣЩˣĹϵͬһգˣԱϼһ
֪˾ģԷ󷽵𣬶ʱҲʲôǺǣ˾֣֮ǰСܶʵϣСףⱳܣŮܽص硣
˾ƲԾЦȻˣѹֳ͵֮ʱر˵ĸо͵ܣΪִСʦɽ¼ģ֪˭Ҳ֪ǷֵܽãΪٲҪһ䣺͵ܣ֪ҿɷд磿
΢΢ȴǵ㿴ɫ˿ӣŽλλǣʵʲҴ磬峤֮ӣҴ磬峤ϵˣڣҴȴǲ֪ȥ򡣡
˾΢΢һͣˡ͵ܣҿˣҽʮ꣬ʦ˵ǴӱϿɽģӦǱ֮ˣȻʦһЩûиңȴ֪ҵݣӦòͨ˼Ҷġ
ɽ⣬ҲΪ˲̽һԼţˣܸЩӦֵܣģѪӦܹǴ˵ġ
׵ͷòܡԸ棬Ҳȷʵƣ£ɴСǻӳ顪ףãȥѯһ룬˶Ȼ֪
˾ƶʱһϲˣҲͬȥ£ĥΪֶʮˣȷʵҲǸŪˡ
΢΢ͷ˶ӣ˾
׺˾˵ѹ۳ߣԱ˼ŲԶҲ޴塣
ޱ̺ۺ£ȴǲʱ׺˾һֱۣ¥ųԻ
´㣬ֹʲôǹϵƺܣޱ̺ƺǲ˵֪ΪΣɫ԰׵ӣҾ;ûɵ񡣡
µȻһЦȴޱ̺ٴ־޵Ĺо
ֻµ̺ۣӣʵ֮ߣֻǴﵽ۶֮ɫ԰飬ʵӦߣˣ²ڽᣬ컯עϼģֻʢѾõĽħˣˣɲ㾴֮ˣ
ޱ̺۾㣬ȷⲻڿЦô
ɫ̺ۣѵûз֣ħס˾˵ģƵ˾˵ĳ̶ô
ôһ˵ȷʵ㣬㣬˼ǣޱ̺д󾪣ȷʵɴСǬͬԶƫƫܵòкܴ࣬Ⲣ⣬һһС䣬ȴǺܵʮ־ƵӳֵʱЩˡ
ңƫƫ˻ǹ¶Щ쳣ˡ
̺ۣЩˣضԣνӿڳ⽣ħףʵ֮ߣʵڷ˼
ǰŴƱпһУͬģ컹һɱʦ۷ֺʮʦ֣һֶ֣ɱ˽ǧʹõѪɺӡ
ȥ漰ϼսԣ׻Ḵԣ˵ԵӦģȻΪ֮еĽɣǸڱǣҲǲǵˡ
ͷޱ̺Ц֪㣬ԺҲϹ˵˱ǣ˴ߵģᡣ
µһЦĬ˫ۣȴǵĶ·Զ׸ߵս̨
ս̨Եʯڣʯڣһľϵİɫ̴ľζİڷţγһԲս̨Χ
˿̣һĳ峤׷ϵ̨Ȼ
⣬νĹսˡ
עӵģЩ˾ƺ׵Ӱ
ԶԶļĪ΢΢˫ָһۣʱƳһѪȻ
ݡ
һ·Сռ䣬ʱĪڡ
Ī΢΢һʱգɫҲ˲ɫ
ҪһȴߴһȻĻɽͤ
ڣɽ͵ģɽͤ˿ȴѾˣϾҪʼ䶷Ǻ徲
ңսڼܶطѾܷ룬ɽҲһ
˾⣬֮ˣҪ룬ҲѣߣʵǿȻ࣬ҪѰһ֮أܿ˶Ŀȴ֮
ĪҴ⣬ȵĴʹʹ׵һֺġȴʱûзĶ
ҶԷȻͥڳ֣ܴܣʮָǿҪɱԼ練ƣ֮ûɱΪҪԼ
Ī˼ţȻ뿪ȻѰ֮ʱνͤȥ
ֻǣսͤԵʱ򣬺Ȼ䣬ĪȫһʱһɿֲĸоȫëҲǶȻ
ǣ˲תʱ򣬺ȻһɫʱԼͷɲǣĪʱԺȻһ𣬾ȫԺˡ
һ̣֪Լ˭Լںη
˿ûпֱһнݺᣬռ΢΢һȻĪɵˣˡ
˾ƣƼ֣㶨ʦ֣ҲдǰˣʵȻ
ħףȻ鴫
˾ûж˵һ̣ĵģףʳʵ
ҲĪߣһ˦˹ȥ
ž
һ򣬲ԵڵأĪʱ˹ŻӢʱ׵ϸߡ
㣬㡪
Ī˭
ҿ֣һ̣Ҳٴˡ
ף㣬㡪ĪݺһһΣһкܵĿ־һˡ
棬ĪҲԼûп־嵽㡣
Ȼ־壬ĪŬ˿ûȥѾʧȥ֪ľİ
ǣһʱĪͬһ㣬ָ˾Ƶ㣬㣬ܣܣôô
Īͬһ㣬ԵЩҡ
ЦĪǬӣҴ磬磬ûʲôܵģ㣬ʲô˵
ײûָʲôĪ㣬ʵϣбѾЩ϶ˡ
֮󣬻ȷʵʮƣҲֻòƣд̬ԵҲʮֵƣһǣӦ˵ĹϵԲ򵥡
һ̣׸ıĪһΪӡΪıԼѾ֪һС
ȻĪǴң˵˺ܶϢ
ҲҽŶȻ̧𣬺ݺһѸ͵ĳĪԴϡ
أ
Īһ𣬶ʱ˵ϣ˫ϥ̳ɵʯͷҵñ˿
˫ϥۣѪȾʪ
ҽĺ׼ûһĪֻ


116 ࡤĪ2
Īϣҿܣߣóı嶾Ҳ֪ңнħĽܽнڽУÿԻգ嶾֮Ѫʹȴǲܣ
˵Ժƽÿһ֣ȴѾ侲Ī
˾ƣĬĬĿһУû˵
Īף㣬㵽ôĻĪˡ
˻˵ֻŻ˶ѣףĺģʲô飬˾Զɵĳ
׵ȻǬһУʵ˵ұʹ죬ȻߣҽĲȳĪڵһָϣꡱһĪָʱȫıѳ⡣
ѪģʮָģĪһҺڲʹ˹ȥ
ֻǲҺδ׺Ȼ̧һٽԴ˵ϣѹźĪһƺߣʹĲҺûܺ
ҡ˵ĪҲ֪ǰ֮ˣûκη
ʮǰĪ㸸ףΪӱ޷
ҲΪ㣬һֱһĪǵ㸸չ˺Σʱ㸸׻峤峤үү͡
һУֱʮǰŷ˸ı䡣
ʱڽ֮ңڣһżȻ棬֮£Բ֣˱ƺʲôùܼĪнÿģ£Ȼȥ峤ϣ˵Աá
ұв´ҩòƴӣҷ
Ϊݱ¶ҼǱֳĬʱһҹ֮䣬ȴǷ˺ܴ¡
ͽ֮һҹ֮䣬ű峤ͺ㸸׵ĴֵܵܽãҲȫ
ͳѪֻʣ㸸һˡ
˭֣
׺ȻŭѹִСûүү̣ԼҲԼңԭȫˡ
Ī󺧣ɫ˲Ұ׵֪ʱΪ棬Сѯʹ˵²ģҲҹܵ˵ģҲҪᣬúõĵԼĳϱǡ
ʱÿ£㸸׺ĸ׾ļ壬̱֮£Ͳסįεھ¥¥֮Уʱ¥ͷС䣬һңҵУҵʱǸǾ壬Ϊкˣ˷ܣÿȥ̽С䡣
һգ׺ȻҲҪˣѲҺǾȣΪڸոգһŸСģԣͷ֮£ͼ峤֮λֵӡ
ܣʱҼҪˣҲϣô군
鶶˳СˣԶߣʵϣߵʱѾֺ̥ǣԼġ
ʱѾߵ˱ϿɽȺʱԳˡ
նݱҪѾ˺Ҫ¥Ůұ㽫СͺӶɱˡ
һļǵãǺӵʱƵĶǶǳʱµһɫ̥ǣһͱ룬ѪˮĽ
Ī˵ţ˾ƣȴǺȻ䣬Ŀ׺ݵĶĪһ˺Լ
εĻɫ̥ǣмһĲȱ
쾳磬˿Ժḁ̃ǱƲ֣ȴ޷޸ġ
һ̣΢΢˾ƣҲǲš
ܣ㣡
硭
ֵܵһ̣ȷϣڼϲ
һ̣ĪȴҲûܣҲûʹֶΡ
ȻĳɱİŮˣЩʹ죬ᣬȴ˼į
㣬ĪȻЩˣңҲ֪ǰˣǲܷŹģ
ΨһŲµģȴԼĺǬ
תĪĪĲţô
Īһ𣬲һСѾȴǲ֪٣ҹƣ֪ҵ£һ˼ɵġ
׵˵ͷɼǵŮģ
Ī£ңƺҲ֪ǽҺ֮˱ɱԭ򡣡
Цн赶ɱˣɵǴ֣֮Ըң
ĪϱҵЦһ˵
һ̣׷ˣһĳֱӻĪԴϣʱĪȫһ˫Ŀ𽥿նϡ
֮Ѫˮ˳
ء
һ̣ĪԴʱը˿ѪˮԽĽ
һ̣һ֮£ĪѾȫ͸˵ˣͲĪ
µĻнһ̵ͭʱɿڵţƬ̣һӱĪߡ
һŽĪ˽ȥȻѸ̤ƽʵ֮󣬿˿ܣ̳˵Ӳݣա
䶷֮У֣ܹǲõģִӰҲãرǴ绹ɽӣȥӰܴ
Ȼ⣬ȴǲӰϵ˽ɵش顣
˾һֱԱ߿ţĬĬ
ð죬˾̾ܣǣҵúÿֻ࣡Ѿ壬ݸ翣֪գſڡ
үүɱȻӦ޹أȴϣֻˡ
˹˾Ƶļ磬ѹǱȴҲģ룬½Ұɣ䶷֮һ԰¡
үүɱ⹫֮£ģǺйأˣ
˵
ȷʵйأӺǣֱȥϼһӵʵ̤ǧ꣬Ҫǻ棬ԼҲȥˣңӣǡ
Ķ磬ԸһһԪ涼ܱĨɱҪԸǼ֮
漰ⷽ飬׷ˡ
ãǺǣȻֵǣܣԺҲòڶزˣʦҺܺãѸ£Ҷ㣬Ǻ˾աƣɽԣ˾ƶʱˬ˵
ףһ۵ĸоЩѪøУһȷźоǿˡ
ΪԼĵܵܣմߣε߽˾ƺܡ
ףĪԴ֮⣬ԣԣԼ˵ĸӦʮֵǿңԣҲ׺˾ƿʼô̹Ҫõԭ
ȷ֮ȻҲܲ
ֵܣѪŨˮֵܣĹĶԷġ
΢΢һЦ磬ؽ黳ߣҲȷʵٴˣʵҲûôۣ磬Ժ˾յգȷʵøĹˣϲǼ飬ղգԼĺ̬ȡ
ƹһЦȷʵˣȻʦҵѪȴʼҵѪϣҪĹġ
ֵһЦ
磬Ī˵ɱǺȻʱ֣Բ飬ȴǻֻ£ʦѲ˹ϵ׷˵ţʹѸٵ뿪
ȷʵӦˣʦΪɽţǸɣҲǣģһӴ֮󣬽ͽɽɽɽϿȣ棬ʦ˵һӴ磬һĶռ䣬໥ռ֮УҲֱӵϵ˵ʲô󣬿ԻഩԽ
о̾ĵɽϿ֮УȻҲƼ֮ء
׶ʱҲνĹˣֻЩĿຮ֮أһ壬Ȼ໥֮䣬Խ½أֱӽдͱɣһƺ磬Ҳõơ
˼ţȴǵͷţȷʵɽںȷʵ鴫ҲˣʦҲǿϺøǣŲϧϺҩľ
ЦȷʵȻʦû˵Щ֮꣬Уÿÿˣ޸ܿ죬һ̣мҩζҲʦСʱҳ˲õҩģѯʦʦǲԣŬԼ֪
񣬴Ӧò١


117 ŭ𡤷1
׵ͷʮ꣬ӽʮ䣬ﵽɣ˵ûҩûŵģ磬̫ѣŵˣʮǰҩûܽ쾳ģѾʵ⣬кת⡣
΢΢һЦô˵Ҳҩˣʲôҩ㾫֮ĪǸҩ
ҲһЦҳԵ嶾ⶫӦ˵ȷʵܺ糶Ϲϵ
һ˫۵ɵôģڨڨ˵
ôˣ磿ײʵ
ܣɽɰգʦϿȽɸ˰кͶԣ嶾ǻᷢģѹֽ˵˻ᡮħȻ㡣
˵ǲõЦݣȴǻ˵ǡ
׵ȻһЦ΢΢ůһ嶾Ԫʱ΢һ㣬˫ĿҲ˸ŵĺ֮⡣
˿̣Ѿ֮У˶࣬ȴǼ˵徲Ӱ
񻯣״̬һĿ񻯣ֻǱǿһ㣬ʶȶ˵ѣʵҲһ㾳ѣȴֶܳΣĲ󣬳ֳʱϳһֿ񻯣Ƿ񻯣ʱ򣬷ӡȫ⿪ͨı嶾Ԫֲ֮ǳֻܳΣᱻȫԶԣֵʱ䣬Ժ̡ܶ
仯Ҳһ
΢΢һЦ漴ָֻ˱ģοĪҪģ񻯡ǿԿƵģҲ񣬴赣ģɽɣ磬ԲһǾɢޣʲôҪҲ᲻İġ
ϵɫʱҲ漴ˣЦٴչãҲãܼȻްҲǿϵ֮ˡˡĪҪ֡ɽߵĽˣĻѰ죬ҲѰġ
ģ֡ɽأʱǳʲôϵ
磬ǳҲܾˣսֻǶѾʼˣǿȥƣЩܵضСѾͷ¡˵
õģ͹ȥɽ˹ս⴫ȥҲȷʵáƶʱҲ˵
ʱ洫˾޴Ľк֮Ȼսˡ

ÿǳԼĪʮ壬һܳģһˣƽˣһǳأҲֻаʮ˲սʮǳأԼĪ˰ˣ֮ˣȴ˰٣ֻ߰ٶʮ
չ򣬶֣֮սһ֣һ֮սģֱսþ֣֮֮ÿ֮Уǰʮһ㾳ǰʮơ
սǴͲսʼһսϣڶ㿪ʼս֮󣬱ǵڶʤߺѾϢõĵһ֮ʤ߼սȡǰʮ֮ڶνǰʮϢĿʼս
ȥȫУʵʵ
׺ƻصɽ¥ۿȥ£ѾǶ۷徳ıˡ
֣Źʸôˣ֣ԼҲ֪ʵУ˶ٶѾڵһս֮а
ȻȻˣ˶⡣
£֮УֻڵȺͬ۷ֵĽ֮ˣ˲ء
׶˻Աɵޱ̺ۺ£ĿȻĿһۡ
Ȼûò˾ƣòǰ˷ƣʹȫĿ϶ԼԼĲ²⡣
ϳףҲû쳣ٶҲ̰
Ŀ⵭ţ¿һۣ΢΢Щ֪롣
΢΢ͷʾʺã㽫ĿͶע·Զ̨֮ϡ
£ȴҲ΢΢¶һЦݣĬĬͷӦǻ
ײòϣ£Ȼ֮ȷʵѵ׿ϻ쳣ֻļӲȴ˿Ϊ
ŮҲˣ˵ȻķΣ͸ǰɫᱡĳɴԸоȻ˫壬żЩȻĶĳ嶯ȫ޽飬Ȼļ
Ȼ˻ĿӰȻ˫ƮȴǲΪ⣬Ҳ顣
ޱ̺ۣ㵭Ȼ̬ȣȴƺ⣬֮ǰᣬΪ״һ㽩Ӳıᣬ˿̣ȴﻹаͷ
ޱ̺֪׽ħ֮󣬶ʱҲЩµġ
Ŵɱ飬һѧʦֺѧʦ۷֣ޱ̺ھͬʱҲЩġ
ʮҵͷŮӣ˿ȴǻعͷ׵ԭǽħѣ֮ǰʶãʮʵʧ֮
Ů˵Դ𾴣˵󷽣Ǵ
ԣ΢΢һЦصǺǣλɵĽ㲻ؿС֮ǰǲʶãѾ͸ǲٿ
ŮһЦʶʱżĺͳŮ˵ķϵ֪ħѿɣΣݵλԵصġ
˵ֱףǳ
΢΢м־ȣЦɣȫŮôȴҪ⽭ʢħͷ
ŮЦŮΪȴҲʼ֮ӣħͷƺǺǣ֮ˣɱߣ˺ɱ֮˭ûȾѪɱһˣɱˣɱˣ̫
ħͷƺȴް
ײҲΪŮˬʴȾǲǺǣЩ»δ˽ᣬз֮£ҲڣǺǣգһѡɣһѡɣΣ
ûн˵˼ǣɣҲɣɣȻѡɡ
ŮǸˣȴҲΪѡǸ߿׼֣Լ˺·˵ɵϣֱӴӦ˾ϲ
ˣлˡŮЦݣ˵
׵ȻһЦʾԷؾ񣬱ٴνĿͶս
ƣȴǿսȶ̸ҲǷЦ⡣
ΧһƬбȶ˽ʱСϳˡ
صʵֻǶ۷壬һ֮ϳȻ
ֻǣصģȻͬһλ۷֣ˣȴһۿ򵥡
СذգǺǣȻˣȻ˲ǺǡЦĿᡣ
磬ΣСֻ鷳ˣȥ⿴ɫ΢Ѿ˲õĸо
ԼĸӦǺ׵ġ
ս֣ǳ֮ˣ˵Ǳȶǳֺ飬ģ
ƿʼûע⣬ʱصĶ֮ɫҲһܣȥƺ⣬Ϣ֮˿̴ɽѾǶ۷ֱȶ뿪ضͿˡ
׵ͷʱҲʲôֱӴӸ¥ϷȥƵȻ侲ƽƣȴʵ˾̾
һ˲䣬Ŀò֮󣬾һɫ䣬ջԼĿ⡣
ħˣ쿴еˡ
ΣսǾˣϣ˱𷢷衭
ħף˧ᣬʵǾ˰
ܶ˱㵱ѹĺܵ͡
ʱȴߵ˳̨֮⣬ܽʱҲ˹
׸磡
ܣ
˾ʮֵļ
磬ܽҲǸˣ˱Ŀۣܽǹذ֮飬Ա
磬㣬ضøءףضʱҲʮֵĸˣսҪʼس˵
״ĿͶ˹ȥϡ
ضע⣬ֺǿ󣬴򲻹䣬Ҫ壬棬㿸š۳һߣݵضУ΢΢һ⴫ܣȴҪУ硭
жʱʮһ̺ݺݵĵ˵ͷůж֪磬һŬġ
˵գعĽСɵĽͽʵݵ֣ס˽
֮ˣһĿма죬Ŀݵӡ
һɫǹǹˣĺɫɷ˸ɭ֮
һ֮£ͷ΢΢


118 ŭ𡤷2
һͺͷɮУһȴǳ£ϼأսھĽϣڣȶʼ
ɮ˵ȴĴݵ˶УӵĻ֮Уÿһɲǣжʱ
˵꣬ɮĿͬӥһ׿룬ջ۹⡣
ǾĿ⣬ʮŨ
ȴЦ棿Ϻʵ䲻ףȻɣȴҲɶѣ
ߣĿ壬ʵЩ֣ǽضʲôӣʲôھִүұһɱˣţȴǴ֮
˾ĽϣھֵĴүôôҲˣһݹ᾵˵ȧ͹ޱȣɫ˵ĺ֮
ˣֻ߲ƣھ֣ˮĺܡߵ߳
ٺ٣֪ʲô˵Ľʵʮ˵ãҶŮҲܺɱ֣ǱƺϷɡһ׳׳Ŀ֮о˸ȻǼ˷ܡ

һʱ䣬˷׷С
ףԣȴͷһھ֣ĽңߣôȻͲ˽
ʵЩ˲òء
һ̣׾ĽϵҳɱԼãԼԳֲ飡ȻھһԼĸоһй֮ˣǲ򵥡
⽭׿ߣײΪ˱ǿ
ţϷȴǿʼս
ڱ˵սȻĮģǴ˿̵սȴǹϵԼõİοǲи
˿̣ܽȴվߣ׵֣΢΢ĺˮȻҲʮֵĽš
ףܽСһֱһ𣬽֮䣬ϵã˿ű˵Ľʵ˵ãԼҲԼĸܵõʱʮֵġ
վܽߣԶǬȻҲףк֮ɫһţȴûƶŲһվڳߡ
ϼ壬ҲԼνһطΪУһ䡣
ÿ֮˲ս֮˫ǿԵ̨֮²ԶΧ۵ģһˣվ
˿̣ǬĿƣѰԼĸ׵ӰȴһֱвҲ˼ֵġ
˿ȻվףǬɲɱ⣬ǱѹƵļ˵
ͨ嶾꣬ǬѾȫĽΪﵽɵĶϱҪͻƽ۶ľ磬ˣȻΪԼܱȵùףǬҲΪԼ֮¡
׽ԼˣǬΪΪ׳͵Ϯ㲻Ľ
ǬôĿ˼ףȴǻɣԼĸ׵ûгֻ֣ǺЩϵˡ
ܵǬעĿ⣬ҲȻһЦû˵

ĽУأٺЦ
αԣĽ˵ûʲô壬ʵñԣھֵĵλҲһ£øΣܹ˳ģȻһͳϷʮǳء
ңνĽħ׵ĴԣĽϺǲмһˡ
ʲôħƨֻԼʦһСʵϲ뵽ԼʦĽֻãԼȫĶޱȵս
ǰŮӣô㣬Ԫ֮ѪֻζİɣʦҲһϲ
Ľţа֮ɫһеĳǹʱ˳ȥ
ݡ
ֻһǹȴ֮ĳǹƿ֮֡
ɫһ̣޵Ļȫչʾ˳ټѧ̵ܽĲӰ棬Ҳǹ졣

һ˲䣬ضʱҲ̳ȴǶƮһƬҶڷƮ衣
ס
Ľ΢΢һеĳǹȴٶȸǿݵĴӸλɱֺȫûʲôء
˲֪Լȴ֪ⳤǹǹ⣬һɱ˵壬˲ȡѪģⳤǹǹ⣬һּĶɵġ
ÿǳأ֣ܲھ֣ԭҳǺͱǵģȴֱӰԵİռҳңҡҡ̣ɼҰȻ
ô޼ɵܹҪЩʵġ
ʵĽݹ⸴Ľϵʦԡ
ǵģԣҲǵ޺۵ʦ
޺޵ǵԣȴǵǹȣͨĻ˵ǰٰУһ
⣬ȴҲһֲֿĸ硣
Ȼ棬쾳粻࣬ʵϣһǳؽУֻ죬ʮǳؾۼһ֮֮ˣҲˡ
쾳磬򵥵ĵͬ޳ʥ쾳ֳ֮ԴǴﵽɣûĲûԶ뽭̬Ҳ㲻޳ʥ޳ʥʵǽɺ۶֮䡣
ΪԼʦǵԣԼĸĽݹ⸴Ľϱ޼ɵ
ңԼʵҲȷʵǿһȫһ֣аսɱ
صˮʹü˵Ĵ죬һȫˮԴˡ
͡
ˮĳȺӴƣһһˣ͸ǹ⣬ݺݵĴݵĽУĽһ𣬾˲䱻Ѫڣ̲ס³һѪ
ʱɮȻ
˵գһӣһɾϮ˱ԣ漴Ȼ͵λٴαȹ
ƺƽϯ̨ϵԼ峤ɫ΢΢Щѿˣȴûʲô顣
һ̣ȴЩջƸǵ㣬ԷȴǺȻˣʵЩˡ
һҲûΪΪУȨֹΣյʽ뵽
ǣһĻȴʹ׵ŭ졣
һѪ֮ϵĵԣȻĽϺȵʮ֮ڣսȻȥ֮ʮĪҪٳ
ĽɫһԳֿ־֮ɫĿ⣬ȴ˲
һ̣ȴĿȻ˿ûɱ⣬ݺݵĶ˵һۡ
ƺм׵Ŀ⣬ȫԵ
Ľվһ̣Ѿˡ
΢΢ЩʱˮȻʹȫȫҲͬʱӿΪӰһ̣ȫĽϹȥ
һƿѸɱĽߡ
ĽϻûвվĿ˸Ź֮⡣
ڳٽһ׵ɲǣĽϺȻĶˡ
ƶȻǣĽһ˲伫˿ٵĳǹˡ
һҰɫһţȻ᳤ٶȣͬһ㣬ݺݴصࡣ
һ̣ɫ䣬͵һᣬ˲䵲ǰҲŤתһ£Ҫ
ڴ˿̣ǹȻĳһߣһٳصؿڴ̳
һ̣ǧһؼ˲
Թ߾ǡһһ̣˾ΪϺлٴκͣϺеʱϺȴ˿û˵˼
òȻȫĿ⡣
ѾЩŭˣؽһֱνײǳǹ֮ϡ
һ̣ǹȻһ𣬷ݺݴĽԼǰأһӰȻǰ̳
ꡪ
Ȼ͸Ƕ룬һ˲䣬ĽϺݺݵһںѪţһ¹˵ϡ
һ࣬Ȼ䣬һƿһһģһĳǹȴǺݺݴ͸ص塣
ۡ
Ѫܽһٴӿ£ɫɲǼҰһƬ
м˾˫һ˲ɵü󣺡ѳǹڶʲôʱֵģ
ĽһˣϺйȻֺͣףҲŭ죬Ȼս̨
׵ʵûпڶǹʱ֣սȥҲֻʧܶѣ
һѱأֱֹסصѨȻγǹоһǹʱءһը
ƳѪ²˿ڴһ̣תĿƵĶɮͺ¿ֵİɣ
ɮ֮ǰһǾֳǹίʵЩ𾪣ȴĿŬɫмף㵨ƻ䶷أȥȻĲˣ
һ̣ĽϣȴǺȻ䱩𣬾ǿͳ֡
кһһƾ
䣡
ۡ
Ľϣʱһɣ˳ȥڳ£
϶
ϣ
Ľݹ⸴͵Ծһȡ
һ̣˺ȻվɮҲǺȻվ
ţܶ峤վ
ʲôҲû˵˿һ̨ۣر˹
ر˹ȥоĿⶼԼϣҲȻһЦ
һʱ䶼վˣЦһۼż˵λ峤峤ΪеģվˣǣĿã
һ죬̵ͭȻ֮УǷĹ켣ûκƵ
˲䣬ټ峤ϣɫһԥȴǲ٣ٴû˵
һЩ峤ǳϣȴ΢΢ԥȻվ
ԱŴ󵶣˳
ɮҲĬĬս̨Ľݹ⸴ȴѾվһߣĽϵʬ壬ĬĬˡ
ɮվڵ˫ĿȻĶס
ڽħ׵ͷ˵Ǻܲм
У˵˵
㣬ףߺߣãܺãɱͽһְȻ̬ȶףָ߸ϵζŨƫƫⲢС
Уӣ̬ȣףȴС
ĬĬ֮磬Ͻ׶аٷְٰһԣȻԳѾã뵽֮ǰһǹȻһΪĹУ׵ҲС
ɱͽҲǵһˣװȻ˴ģ䣬ƫ̻䲻֮ˣ֮ˣⲻΪУ
װȻ˵һ̣Ī˵羪ףֱ쳹˶ߡ
˾Ǵʧɫһ̣ͣЪһ


119 ڤӣԽˣ1
ɫһٺЦ
ͬһ죬ĺʵȻڿһɭ亮⣬뵶С
ɮ˿ȴɫվʱûг֡
ͫһɫ˼֡
ֵصģǵԵʵǵһɫģʮֳصĴ󵶡
ֻٽأֻ۶󵶵ƣԾʮֵ⡣
⶯ƺеģǵǹǸͷҲǽ
ĸо΢΢һ漴ȴһģ뵽ǹǵҵǵһҪĻҵǽ
Ѿ˴㣬οеģͬǵһͨġǲдε̵ͭ
ǣ׸⣬ĸ֣ĺûڽʧѸģʵǿЦ֮
ءᡣ
һ̣ײ֣ڽǣң˵һǣдɽڱײΪ˸Ҵҵ⡣
ｭˣ׻ô
˸ҶԼö֣ʵ
ɫһҲ֪ɱߣһ֣ضȫԸ̽Ǻܲмġ
ּ䣬𺳹ݺᣡ
֮⣬ֱӻһʵʵİɫ㣬֮кȻֵһŴĿĽ
һ˸Լ͵ٶȣݺݵ뵶Եü֮Уٶȣñ˲ܷӦ
ĿĹâһ˫˲ʧһ㣬ݺᣬȴֻһĽ⣬ɫμɲǼ۽Ĺâ֮⣬ǲɲ׽ġ
ԣһ֮£ǶԷʵ̫߳࣬ܿ
ԣʵǿȴܳ׵ļ𾳽磬ΪһԽ𾳽磬ԣҲ˻ڽˣ
ԣеĺʵ޵ո𣬶ʱͬ׺һһ㣬ݺݵһ
䣡
֮һ죬һ̣ڶ֪ԼôˣԼ˭˿Ҫʲô
һ죬ǰ׻һƬã֮ɫ
ɵɵվԭأȫ֪롣
ɲǼ䣬׺Ȼ䶯ˣ壬˽һһ㣬̵ͬͭһټٶȿ÷˼
УһӰڣӰһš
ԭվĵطӰ֮ʧ
ӷ𡪡
ɮȻ˫ֺʮ׼ɲǼ䣬ע֮УŷʨӺľȻ˵ĸ֡
ʱоȻըָɫҰףһ˲䣬ס䣬ӡ
ʱԣȴǺȻ˹Ѿɹε壬ɫҲһһ޵Ȼͬǹһ㣬ݺݵĴ˹
ʱһҲܣȵģٶȣ
˭ȽԷɱ
еȻüᣬصƣȴʹ˵Ӵ
ŽԪ֮ԪһĹʮʹǰԽ֮ɱʽ
һУײ״̬ӶҪԴοµĵԣ
Խ֮ɱѵɱɱɱһУһ˲ι
ûκ㣬ǾˣκεطѾ㡣
ңҪǣ˲ǰǿ󹥻Ѿκαˡ
ʵͣߵİ·ӣʲôУһģϾʯ׽˼ٸҹ
֮£׶һѾУңǽڽĹ죬Ϥ֮ڽ֮Уٺõıڲ죬ͬС죬ֻ̬ͬѡ
׶ԣҪһ֮
ԣ˿Ҫô㲻ֿԼһҪôþ޵סɱԼһϾ޵Ȼͬ
ֹ̣һֽ
ţ֪ĶսֻСҲֻֽ
ɮʨӺ𣬶׶ԣǷƨ׶ϰߵͬҳ㷹ˣͺ¿رǿʨӺ𣿣
ռ䣬Ŀըȫ𺳣һ̣ɫȻһ䣬ʵǹת䣬ϵһΪȻٴκ϶Ϊһͬһں
һ˲䣬Աε˫յһֵһֵʣһٽ޵ͷ

һУֻǧ֮ȻԸһһУֻһУѾ֪⽣ħף˵ڣȴ֮УӵĿֲٱ
͡
ռ侢ɢ̵ͭĿѸ͵ٶ䡣
һ̣ɱѾ˲˵Եĵ֮ϡ
Ȼ䣬ռһס
˲䣬ܲκεвһֹĸо
ǣ˲䣬һɼ˿ֲ˺ѵĸоȻĵһ̣ԵĺݺݵһҲһ
׼֣кȻӴֲ֮Ȼ˲䡰ءը
ꡪ
̵ͭƲһǿֲɫʵ󵶣һԵԴ
˲䣬ͷѣ͸ǳƵĴ˳ȥ
ۡ
ԴߺɣѪˮ䣬ɺĳӣŰɫҺԽһ˲伤˳
һ˲䣬Ŀһһ̵ͨͭһΪ롭
˲䱻ˣôʺͿ־壬ڣΪһ֮ײβĳ֣ڱһ룬ֻж¶˼˿־塢ĿĹâʱ򣬳ԭվŵļ峤峤ĵ
ɮɫ΢䣬ȴǲûʲô⡣
Ľݹ⸴ֻǱԼĶĽϵʬ壬ôվţϲޱڵԵҲûκεı飬ھһߣȴֻǵȻĿ񣬴ͷβû۹
ɮȻһЦŵվףӷʩȻѾǸΣ㲻Ҫ뽭ƻأȻƻأɮҲˡ
Цͺ¿ˣײմ֮Ҫ֣߳£ðˣ
˵ĺǰȻೡ֮ˣȴǶʱš
֮֮
˶Ĭˣһ˲䣬峤ͳĬĬˡ
Уվģֻȼ壬лɷššš˾ͽҡĽҵȡ
һɨЩμĵףЩˣĿȴЩ
УҲվţֻǣɫһУĬĬһԡ
֮ɮ죬ȴǳĬ
磬ûС¿ⶫ⡮ͺ¿ĳƺ˴ȴͨǰ֣Ҳ֪ⲻʲôû
˾ʺʣȽϿЦҲֻСۣỤ̆ķЦ
ҲشɫĮϺеͺ¿Ϊɣùݡ֮ǰԣƫ̻֮ԣʵʧ֮㣬䶷̨
һ˵ԭӵܣһ
һ̣ɫҲһĿмĿף㱻ҡһ˶Ĳз϶ӡ
꣬ǸܻڴԺ֮еĳߴճĺ꣬ȻԼǰͷȻתȥĺ꣬ѧ˽֮նɱܼ񣬱׷ɱĺ꣬ǸۣԴһײɱĺ
һʱ䣬ипǧ
ǸѾˣѾˣǱңҲΪҳͷˡ
ϺɫһСɱʮ⣬չȻ䶷ʵ񼫣ҽʵ̫Ϊ֮ȴ֮ˣ㣿
ϺЦȻųԶ¥֮һׯϡɫĵϺе೾ʦҲƼˣջϳ֣ά䶷
ӷ𡪡
Ϻбׯϣ΢΢˫ֺʮһۣȻ˵ʩµ̨Ҳһˣʧ֮ģ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ϻвδƫ̻΢΢и£ھߣһ̣Ŀ΢΢һǻһۣ漴ٴα˫Ŀ
ǽϺУȴɫ΢΢мַŭֻùǣʦ˵գ޺̨
һ̣֮ʱһֱĬĽݹ⸴ȴкȻ˳޵Ŀ⣬ĬĬĻصԼļ巶Χھ֮ڡ
ʱھ֮ߣ˿ɫվ˳
˿ףߺȻаЦף㲻ˣգ˵գ߽㣬ֱӷȥ
ߣȴ˿ǱׯϵĿ೾ʦӡ
׶ߣкȻЩΣյĸооǵڷ֮һ
һʱо˶Է˸ĵԪ֮
ɫһ׳ߣ
Ŀ⵭мߣǣϷħߣ
˵꣬ߺȻ˲ʲôͬצһ֣ݺǰ
һ̣зӰʹӰѸ˺һ˲䣬Ҳݶڵ嶾Ԫ֮һ̣³ϣֻһرǷ
䣡
һһ˲䣬Ϣ񱩷ڡ
ٶ̫죬Ӹǿ֣һƳȻٺˣȴȻ
ɫһǺ죬ȴǲˣϾ֮֮׷̫࣡
ңһУߣҲûжԪ
һ㣬ħߣԸ֮ˣ಻ᶯԪ㣬Ҳ̫Խ硣
ףɫһʱɫԪӰһѾʧԭء
һ̣ӴֲԪݺͷ
һ̣ߣϤζٴδһ󼤶ˣ㡭ˡ
գȻٴγһλɫսŮӣʵ˫裬˼¡
һ˫ۺԴվߵͷƶ˿ռ䣬ԪҲȫ޷
ڤӣԽˡ
֮ʱٴʹ˶
׼Ĳ


120 ڤӣԽˣ2
һ̣˶֪ǰߣڤӡ
ֻǣšڤӡţˣȴǲûʲô𾪵ı飬еã
Ȼһİ֣ͬô˼ɵ𺳡
˿̣ڤӣȴǾ⣬Ǿ⣬ңǵȻȴʮֲֿѹڤӶʱҲʮֵľ֡
ʲôʱǿߣ
ΪħߣͬҪǿ󼸷֣ȻֻһͳһĳƺħߵߣֻǣڤӳԼΪħߣǽߵͬ
ڤʵѾԽڣ˿ǰڣΪħߣһǰߣҪǿ١
ֻǣɨϱ޵֣ȴǺȻĪĳһʵ֮ŮӣѵԽˣ
ڤ޷ĳⲻ⣬ѹ
ңԷȻ̤ͷ
⣬ڤ޷ܣǶԷϣĲǽ֮ˣ߶ԣͬһ㡣
ڤӲţԷΪ˽֮ˣԼĽ¶Թ
뵽뵽ԼʦڤںڤӶʱ׳ˡ
ڤ棬Լ׿ڶڤ˵磬磬ԪӤڵģָǴԪӤڵģֻһˣԪӤϵģһ˶ûС
㣬ҲʹڤʮֵĿڽΪΪȡʮŮԪͯԪû˸Ҳֹ
Σ˵Ĳڤӣһ̣ڤҲŭˡ
еԪ޷ˣҲͬһ㡣
˲䣬ڤȫԪֻƬ̣ѾȫԶˡ
Ȼվǰڤһûг֣ͷԼͷŮӣԽ磿ʲôԽ磿Ҹ㣬ʦڤ棬֪֮ȥҪ֣ȻֻҲסʥˣ
ڤӹЦţȻԷʵǿȴ޿֡
һ̣ڤӸҶ˿ڳ֮ԣ׵м˵ķŭƺı飬׵޲ȫ񻯣Ȼڤ϶ƴˡ
ֻǣˣĲʵ˫ȻȻ裬΢΢Ưƣߡ
ζȻЩʵһ̣׵ģصĲһʱ䣬и类һ㡣
ߣϤϢϵƮ׵ıУһ̣׾ȫĶһ쳣
ͺεҸȻڴ˿̽һ㡣
һãȻʶ޷ͻƼ֮磬Ϊ壬ԭ򣬱ˡ
ǰǽ˵׻ȫȥϲһˣһ飬׻ǲмǴ˿̣׷֣ǰŮӣֻҪԼЦһ£ԼΪԥȥ
޷֪ǲǰ֪ԼѾĳΣ֮С
ƺǾİԽ֮ӰģΨ鰮
һ̣ƺһã
һ̣ǰ̣˳֮󣬾˾ףǻׯϵϺп೾ʦҲɽԼĴƣͬģҲޱ̺ۺ¡
ܶˣڼʶ֮еľ̾Ϊ֮ˣ˿֮ģŮӣھ̾ͬʱҲԲλࡣ
ڤʵڱڤʱҲֻп೾ʦ΢΢һһ̾߶һ䣺ӷ𡪡
ǣƺûһУȻаŮΪգٴԽ磬㽫Ϊ˸ۡ
ۣҶң֮ǰѴѶʦߣ㿴˭ۣڤӺǲ壬ٺЦЦ
һ̣ȴʱûг֣Ȼûʲô飬ȻòȣȫĶڷɫս֮УҲ޷顣
ǹž޲֮УǿԿıӦúܵȻ
˵ÿμˣãһࡢܱŮӣƺеʹ࣬УӲκߡ
ڣһ׸硯׼γϡ
ϳģ·ȸпȻ䣬˵ϣõӡ֤
ײ֪֪ΪʲôÿμŮӣ񾭴ң޷Լȥѹ
֪ԼŮӣӦ顣
ΪҪҪʹ
뵽һʹࡣ
˲ûж֣ڤӣҲûж֣ҲĬĬվ˵Աߡ
Ƭʱ䣬ʱ䣬ȴǹ˺ܾһһ̣ڤоһȻչʦ
΢΢һΣͬһƱ˿
һ̣ⲨƵģһɫսףźɫӡ
ͬɫսףͬκα鶼ڲս֮Уͬǳɭ䡢ơ
һ̣Ҳͬһ˿Ϥĸо
һۣɫսƽû˵
ĿƫתϣɫսȴһȻ㣿
ʱҲ˭ϣԭǵԨ׷ɱԪӤ֣öԷԱ֮ˣ
ڤһʱߣ֪ʦͺãգǣһҲߣ
ɫһ죡
ڤɫһʱҶԡ
ʱӺȻ˵벻㵱ԪӤԱ֮Уû
λԪӤǰڵСˣֽ߲Ϊ֮˶߶ԣϣˣмڲ֣ʱ֣ɱķҲûʲôԽԡ
գڤ棬ˣΣ
ϸɫսŮһۣڤѾˣԪӤǰڣԼˣΣ
һ̣ɫսŮȻ򶨣Խ磬Ҫܳͷ
Ȼһ仰ȻǱ䣬ȴǼ˵Ķ

ڤЦڤӣȴҲЦˡ
һ̣Ȼ䣬ڤȻסˣ΢΢ȻģģȴǿԿ˫֮УǼ˵𾪺;Ҳм˵Ŀ־塣
ı飬ʵΧ֮ľĲѡ
һ̣˳ˡ
֣ͬɻһ㣬ղժ˼£Ȼռ䣬ٴεˣڤ棬ڤˣٴε˿ռ侲ֹ
һָĲʵ˫ʱʹһ
һ̣׸ûмǲʵ˫ڤڤڵĿռ䣬Ȼ˿
ǵģռѡ
һģȫѳΪۣȻӣȫʧڿռ֮С
ڶһƬͬ޴Ķħ۾һնĺڶ˲͸˾Ϣ
ǣռ΢΢һ˲䣬һбָֻ糣ɫռ䡣
ջָ֮ɫսŮӻعͷ΢΢һЦӰʱٴ𽥵ޡ
ڤ桢ڤӣô׵ˣڣѪôıΪڶȻʧˡ
֪⣬Ӧñǳʧֻء
ּ̧䣬ԪӤֻҷ
˶ţǿʼĿϺУ׵Ŀ⣬¶˿־塣
˭ˣǷɫսŮӣתʱ򣬶׵һЦ
ԽˣԽôкǲ䣬ÿʮ꣬иڽϺУΪȴû˵˳ֹκ桢ڤ桢ڤˣ⽣ħմϱߣŮӾͳˡ
֣ƫƫֱ׳ˣĬĬ̾Ҳֻܲ
£ھֵĸ֣γˣҲҪھƫ̻ʲôˡ
ϣԭվλ峤ϣ˿̾ɫ԰ײһ֮ûһ˸վš
ҲѾˣУѾЩ˱ɱ
뿪вᣬȴû˵ʲôֻϵĵˣģһ죬һĿġ
и꣬ʱı
׸磬úŬգ֮֮
˵Ʈɢ
һ̣ԭڤȥǴռ䣬һĨɫ⣬Ȼָ֮С
һһ˿˵ľϲ֮ɫ


121 Ǭָ
һ׹⣬ָ֮еʱͬʱµĻ
׸磬ڤǬָֻƷԪ֮ʹˡ
ܼ򵥵һ仰仰ȴԵúʵûǸ߸ϵıĸо˼˼̻Ϣ
˼̻ϢȴǸĶ
׸硱ƺ׼Ϊ֮
ˣɫսŮӵ֣ףȴ治ǵãԼʲôʱŮӣŮĬĬĶԼĺãԼǼϤĸоȴã
ûǰһУ׻ΪԼǰŮʮֶķޣ
ǿϧȴ֪ԼǰǵˣһѧʿѧʿʲôŮйܵĽӴңΪż׶Լһоǵʮֵι̡
ͲʧȥĳЩĿܡ
ٴε룬ȻýۣױҲȻ
ǬָƷ׺ǼҪʹãȴѣֻҪڿ״̬ˡ
£ȴǱ򶨣ȻҲЩѡ
ңǣ˵֮֮仰׵ͬʱҲ׾̾ˣǺˣΪΣ֣Ҳ֪ңƺôϤ
κǻƽΪħΪǸͲ֪֣ƺȻ󴫲
׿Կ϶˽ħԼ֮⣬ֵֻ֪ģ漸û˵ġ
֪ˣʹ׸ǿɡ
ײ˽꣬Ĳ׵Ϊڽĸ򣬱١
ǣ˸֮
һ̣ȴǱ仰סˣȻ𺳣ҲʱǬָϲó嵭
Ƭ̣˿ŵܣ˿˵Ŀϣ׵ҲȺ棬λֻҪҹƽԣףǲ֣ϰ䲻ףʱг̣ʵҲиߵͣ
֪ԷҲɣ״̬֮£Էɱ֣Ǳƻˣ֮ˣ룬λУҲһµĿˡ
Ҳңƫ̻ңҲŹ뿿ˣֶεķ˺֮ˣ
ˣҾ˵ô࣬ڻź͵һ㣬Ⱥģʱ㣡
˵ţʱ˳̨
ܽߣܽʱ׸磬ƺöˣ׸磬лл㡣
΢΢ͷϸһ˿Цݵܽģضû£ϳսҪСĵ㡣
׵ļܣ֮ǰǷɫսŮӣǾ֮˰գ㡭Ƕѹ˺þãܽǷ׼Ϊ㱨𡭡
ǰǾŮһ㣬ʥˣ꣬Ѽһΰ
ҲǾ̾
׸磬λʦôܽĿҲ㽵ʵҿЦˣЦĺأ
˵ûˣܽ飬ʱҲټŮӣܽҲ˵
ŮӣҲʶֻ֪ˡҵ£ĳЩҲ˵׵ûʲô˵
ˣŵùġ
˿̣ԣڷֱаʵԼ֮ˣȻǼ֮
׵˵ŵ֮£ܽмѹ˵ļ򵥣ȴǿǵ£ûʧȥ䶼֪Ƕôҵһ¡
أܽȴǺȻ˽׻Уؿ޵硭
ɵܽⲻûôǺǣģ粻κ۸ǵġܽںڵĳ˵ţһֿۣԶǬһۡ
һ̣ǬҲ˫ۺݶĿ˹֮Умʡ
ЦĵȽҴҲ˶ˡ
ײ˿̽ĨɱϾҪҴݣԵù
ңܶ飬Ҳ˳ȻĽһ˿̶֣տƾһʹԼԶ
ײԼȴҪһϣҲúܿˣȷʵܶ飬Լվ峤λϣܶԼĸ״ҪãҲúܶࡣ
ǰ׵ģȻǳ̬壬Ǻӣ˼ǿ׳ˣܶ飬Ҳˣټʵ֮ŸǿĿҲĸԶҲţǼˡ
ͲпᣬֵҲԼĴ磬ԼõȣǺܺõģײеĴ磬ȴĴ硣
ܽ˵˻ỰȻ֮Ѿߣбأ令ͻȥ
ΪսȻ׵սԼߵսڳо֮£֮ҲԽԽࡣ
˴СУֱʡ
˼ȣϵĴǷɫŮôһָƿռ䡣
ȻҶۼˣ˵Ȼ˸߲ңƼˣ˶ûƼһ㡣
׺ڤӵսԼ˺ڤս֮󣬽սȻ˼鶼ڣȴûʲôʿԡ
ʮ죬۷ֺܿսϡ
֮󣬱һ֮ǰսһ۷֮ս
սʱս˳Ҳ׵ʵ˱˼У֪ԼȷʵʵУԶ䡣
ȻȻһ۷ʮǿȴڶԱʦֵʱܡ
׵ʵҲºֻ֣Ǵ󣬱㲻ٳ֣ҲʤѶ
ʦսʱ򣬳бѾʮˡ
ܽһŮ֮⣬࣬ӡ
ܽսȻǼңȴҲǰʮĵһӺһŮ֮
ʦֶսʱ򣬱ֻʣˡ
ˣǬŶھĽ𱱡
һģҲֻԸսֱŷҵŷȻ˾ͽҽʥ˾ͽŮ˾ͽ㡢ҵܽ
ʦʦ۷ֵĶս˼
սŽս
ʦ۷ʱΪǬһڶĽ𱱵ʦֱŷȻһ˾ͽڶܽ
սȡ˻ϱƣڲ˵£ÿˣսһȡʤ֮ΪһȻʤ֮Ϊϳ棬Ǹӵķḻ
սʱʱ䶼Ѿȥ£սûж࿴ֻ㿴˼ۣ˱뿪ˡ
ҪǣûʲôΣУսҲƽʡ
뿪֮ȴǱţھֵȵأ̽һЩ飬ֻκα£ʲôûв鵽ڽѰ֤ݣʲôҲ
ȥһͬҴǬݣ˳ѯ⹫彭ұԼүүɱϢ˿ֻ̣ʣ˵սױҲʱͷ

սڣׯϵϺп೾Ӹ¥̤˳̨֮ϡ
ʦսʦ۷ֵսҪģǸǿĴС
ڿ೾ϺУ׵رᣬҲ⡣
ֻǣսܽսĽ𱱡Ǭս˾ͽʱ׵ģЩ
رھ֣Ľݹ⸴ĵڶӣΪ֮ǰھѾжˣ£Ϊʦ۷֣Ľ𱱺ܽսܽΣգȻһ㡣
ܽսսսĻֱֻ̨ҪΪ籨𣬻֣
۳һߣܽ
ܽ˵ͷĿᶨ
ף⼸죬һؿ֮£ܶõԪҲڳ֮УνǬָ
һԪע룬ʱǬָƺѾĨȥѶϢ׵Ժ
һ𣬾֮£Ժ֮УȴǶһЩ
ǬָֻһռָڲռС״СҲǴ൱ڳ߾һ׵ռ䡣
ռ֮У׸оκζյġ
һ̣Ҳ֪ԼûʶḶ́ȻܴǬָȻ޷ʹá
Ҫʶ٣ҪԽ澳С


122 Ǭ֮
Ϊ䲻ʮ꣬ȴʦֻʦ۷ʵģ֮УضڱæȻﵽ㾳磬⿿Ŭǲʵġ
ĽĽϵĵܵܣʵȴǸһȻ֧Ľ𱱵ģֻڤӺڤˣԣĽ𱱵ʵ׵Ҳ֡
Ϊɽʵǹ죬Ϊ档
ͬģ˾ͽ㣬ȴҽʥ˾ͽŮʦʵȻҲԭ
ͬģһŷȻˣ屳ֻҲô򵥡
ĵܵܣҲ֮үΪĴУʦ۷ʵ
ǬܽǬ׵Ѫаɻ깦ͻ죬ҲܽΪûаɻ㹦׵ѪҲʦ־磬춼޷ͻơ
׹۲ÿһ˵ʱڶǵĺԶ̨ܽĽ̨ױҲֹͣԼ˼
˵սбЩģȻʵǿǵǵԵʱ򣬵ԵĳУѾǹˣͨƣȻĽ𱱣ӦڤӵĵӣǵԵĵӡ
ڤӴˣħߵĹ׵ܽ⣬ԣƺǵʵȴǾעţ׼һã֡
Ȳ䣬Ҳûʲôڹأ׵治ںʲô䶷ء

ܽĬĬĿǰԶӣһû˿Ϣ¶վͬ͸һӡ
ӣƺκ飬ϣôһվƺȫ£©ϸһȴûһ˿һ©
ˣõһϺɫĳмֹ졣
ܽеĽͬˮͬӰ
ڿ೾ϺеġսĿں֮УܽȵĹȥΪǵãԼĸ˵õķأ
׵Ļܽĵ֮УǺͬģԶԣʮһ꿪ʼûбȶֻս
ܽսʼһ˲䣬ٶȱﵽ˼£ͬʱеĽҲͬһ˲˽һˮ֮ǿʽֱĽɱȥ
Ľ𱱣һ򶨵ˣܽĹ˲ܿ󣬲ûл֡
ܽĹ֮£һһεš
˿ƺܽȵʮֵǱĿ֮УܽѾˡ
ܽҲ֪ԼѾʧܣֻǣЩԸʵ꣬ôͱһжûˣܽЩġ
ǣǽ׵Ľ̻壬׼䡣
ǣһ̣Ľ𱱶ˡ
ƺѾ͸׶ڽƿ֮ˣһ˲䣬ǽ˹ķ
ɱ⣬ɱ⣬ȻȻУֱӵ鿪˫ѪɫĹâһɲǣĽȻһʱһΪƷΣܽɱȥ
ԭϺɫĵȻзԸٶȣܽɱȥ
һ̣һؽȻ
ȷʵ˿̿ƲĽ𱱵ȴѿܽĽ
һӿԪֱӼܽĽһ˲䵴ϺɫĳȻ󳤽һΪԪպ÷ֳ֣ʱ
ɵֱӴ͸˵Դ
ǣ˲ʧͬʱĽ𱱣ȴ˲ܽеذףȴǼܽͷȥ
һ£ҪʵˣܽȻ档
һ̣ȴǼæһȣ֣ܵھˣʱ
ĽʱһͣзŭһţȴȻһҧݺݽذɱȥ
һУڵʯ֮䣬֮Ľ𱱳ܽ󣬱Ѿ˵˳ݵһͣȴǷŭʹ˽ݺᣬһĽ𱱵ذףڽӽܽͷ׵ʱ򣬶һ¡
ܽʱҲӦ˹ݺһŷĽ𱱵ز
Ľһ𣬶ʱ㵹˳ȥ
һ̣ٺھֹϵǲļ壬׷վܶ˸ߺƽƽ
˫ĿȻɨķǺ֮˶ʱҲôֱ׳ˡ
һսܽˣֱӷս̨Щ겻ܽ
Ľվ³һѪĬĬĻصھ֣ȴûеĶ˵ĺ⣬ȴʮֵԡ
в죬ڴˣ䶷֮󣬽Ĩɱ
ܽʧܣеձҲƽ
ǿ೾ϺУ˵ʲôȴ΢΢һ̾Ҳԡ
սܽûϳǬʵΪѾ죬ҲӮúɡ
һ̣УҲֻʣǬĽ𱱡˾ͽˡ
µսǰ˾ͽ㣬һ
ǬĽ𱱵սˡ
ĽٴϳʱһСˣѾȫûд󰭣Ǭֱһص󵶣ɫȥ
սʼ֮˶վţûж
һ̣ͬʱˡ
ǬʵĽ㾳磬ĽʵǲС
ֻպ֮ǰķͷߣֶȻײУѪȴǺܲģ˸Լɣӹ
û֪Ǭĺɫ󵶣аɻ֮ǿԿƴȡ˵ľѪġ
ԣ˿ôõĻᣬǬǲŹ
Ϊ˸ԼţǬ׼óʵ
ĽƺӦһɲǣʹ֮ǰǹһΪĹֻǣ֮ǰǬ㽫˹͸֪Ӱ鹹Ѿᡣ
˫΢΢ӦĲͬǬһٴ߷ɵݺһ
ۡ
صһպȻһѪֻƬ̣ѪƮڵ֮պȻĽѾɿݳΪɫľ̿һʬ塣
ǼӰȴҲ˲䣬ը˿γһźɫľʧ
һ֮£Ȼͺһʱ䣬أ
Ľʬɿݶȴû⣬ɫŨըһ̣ܶѾħŻֵ
ħ֮ս֮κ״Ĳ
Ľ𱱵Ľݹ⸴Ĭţȴûʲô飬ĽȥһɲǣĽݹ⸴ȷʵƺ˲˼ʮꡣ
Ȼ޷ĺ⣬ȴôŨҡ

䶷ˣǬ֮˵һңҲȨʮǳأΪһң
ǬȡһɲǣǬţȢŴСΪ޵Ϣ
⣬Ҫͨ壬Ҳ峤ΪʤߵȨʤԼκ˶ֹ
һ̣ǸˣҲĬĬͷȴǶ׺ݺݵ˼ۣû˵

ıȶά˽£ھ·ݣ׽ˡ
ѡӵܵҲѾ棬ˣܽأȴǱɽѡУʱӷ룬ʮ·ݺҪǰʦŰɽţʦѧա
ң׷Ҳ˱ѡɣѡģʵģȻԽ
ǬȴǱѡУ֮󣬿һ
ףƺܽս֮󣬱ѾϢ֪ȥ

һҹԸҪǬòԼϢ˱ˮԼܽȻǱң׼Լر֮˳̽Լ䡣
ųѶϢúͷɽ⣬Լ
õˮԼûбġħͷɽ˶ԱŷƬ̣Ȼ΢΢һЦһ˿
ݡ
ۡ
ɲǣɽȻ֣
رǷɽ⣬˫ʵһȻϱ滨룬˾룬ǬʵٸߣҲ޷ܡ
ټ˲䣬͵һͱǬ
һߣ׺ĬĬվţޱ飬ӣһ̣ɫʮֵĲ԰ףƺȫĲš


123 㣬ǧУ
ײȥ֤ʵԼǱԩģΪ̬ԩ벻ԩ㲻ʲôڣ̬Ƿԩ
ң𽥵ĳ֮󣬻ָǰĲ̬׷ңĲû֮ǰء
һ˺Ȼ䴩Խ˺󣬴Ӥʼ磬ȻŬץסߵľݣݣڵ˵Ҽ塣
񣬵̬죬Ѿ㹻ʵ˽ķ̬֮㵭ˣµ飬ȴڵġ
̬ȻǿӣԼһĸ״˿̱˶ϵı飬ĬĬӵļмָͬܵ̾˿
һ̣ױ˷ɽߡ
Ȼûϵڹϣ׻Ȼ֣ʱ΢΢һ֮ȴҲ˲
˿һɫĳòȫûһ˿װ磬ͷһͷһסɢǰ࣬ĺɫ΢΢ɢŵ뵹â
֮ǰ֮һֱõҪΪҪݣȻɽãȷʵ˳ǵǵ⽭ĵûеܹǲݵģлмССıŤġ
ع⣬ױٴεпľһһֻǽһߵĽз罣
з罣֣ҲǿľϺȡģǿ׵ʺƣȡ֣мֺõζ
ֻٽ̶ȣȴ˿ڹǽ
˿̣⽣ױ˸뵵ĹâҹƺЩء
⵭Ĺâѹͷɽ⣬˿̣ɽʵʵҲѾɣֻǣ֪Լ׵Ķ֣£ҪܣֻѶ̫󣬲עƽƬ̣ϣҲԽ
ĬĬţɽⶢף΢΢˼Ȼ˵ףҸһŵϢһ
ͷһ𣬵ȻһЦɽ⣬ձɣѡŰѡһɱ
˵ֵĿһ۵ƶ٣һֱ׾ĲԣҲͬţһˣ
ɫһȴ¶һףҲ̫Ŀˣգȵ֣
˵գȻ͵һĻռһ̣ҴԺ֮ǧףĺ˳ȺĹ
һ̣ԭֻܼһεı滨룬Ȼ͵ķͬóһöɫĹһı滨롣
һѾ
һĶһ۹âһʱֱ˻ȥ
һ̣Ӿһ׶Сģ
ɫһϲʱȴǺȻӳȥɽ⣬ȴ˲伤ܡ
ԭ˵Ѿ˳ֵ׼ȴǲȻѸٵͻˣһ̣Ҳһݣؽһֱݺݼ˳ȥ
з罣һ˲仯һâֱӺݺݼڷɽĺ󱳡
ۡ
һɲǱ㽫ɽĺ󱳶ض͸
һ̣ɽ³һѪɫһһڳϣ⣬ٶٴοһ
ȻٿƣȴѾӳ˹ȥеı滨룬ֻ˲佫ӻС
޷飬ʱһԶԶɱ˹ȥ
һƣʮɵĹ˵ĴþˣǱ滨Ȼæ֮мȴǱһƾķɡ
ޱȿ񱩵Ʒ磬ֱɱͷһ̣һȴ˲ĺ˽ͬĴޱȿ͵ľݺݵĺ׶ƴһơ
ǣԭʮְһƣһʱǵһ˳ȥڿһڵѪ
΢΢ͣ٣ȻƲһ
أ
ݺԴϣԴ˲ıը
Ѫһ˲Ҳɢɡ
û°ɣ׵Ȼǰ΢΢ʵ
û¡׶㣬Щ˵˵ţҪϹ
һѹԭеĺ⣬ȴǽĵˣӣ׵Ī˵ЩǸӣǬȴˣصģĴ磬񻹻ţ
šһƺʮֵĲš
ţĴ磬Ѿҵˣȡ֤ˣԭ˾ƣɽӣѾΪƣѾڶ緿䡪ã죬ɱˣ
һãøţʵ̫׶ΣҲ֣ɱıɱһУе
ͷһůȴĵʲôʱˣ֮ǰΪ˾㣬Ƿɽˣ
⻰Ҳֻѣӣ׻Ǻµġ
صŴԺĺѾ֮ʿսΪһţŵ˵ζҲڣȻҲԳˣһΣȻȫ
ţ׾Ƿֻзš֮ˣ˫ĮȻɨӶű̬Щݶʱع⣬ףȴЦ
ĺãһɱˣ
ţȴǺȻһضδãܽҲش
һ룬һʱɼʹƴæŵ㵱磬⣬Ѿ֪ˣ磬Щˣȫɱۣȥã
ܿȥ΢΢һϲɱɫһ䣬漴
ɫһ䣬ŭĵܣȥضܽ쵰Ҳǵġ
һͷ͵Ĵݶ嶾Ԫһس״̬˲ԪģһŲڽϣԿֲٶȥ
һٶʹó΢΢һͣһȺɫ׷״䣬ǿ͵ɱ⣬ҲǴǰ
ȴǲ֪Լⷬٶľ޴ļԼãٶϣѡ˿Գһӵ
Ȼȷʵܼߣٶȷ棬ȴǱȿֲӰһضҲһǴ
ϾٶȻǺֲܿġ
ӰΪһµа׷λһѧˣڶأ̫ڸӣȴǵ񶼲ѧᣬҲֻʹԪ֮
ʱ䣬ױ嵽ܽصԺ֮Уʱˣȴǳ
ŵ峤ŴԼˣĺɱ֡
ңЩɱ֣׵ԣһٱʶԷھ֣
ܽأ֮вֻӦս÷ŶʵҪƴΪֵܽһЩѾ˺ۣѪ졣
һݺݵնɱܽĺԣ˿̣ǰ󵶺ܽ޿ɱܡ
һ̣÷һٳ˹ȥܽ󡭡

һﶸȻһʹ޴ķŭһٳеĵߣһ̣˲ķˡ
ڰ˲㣬̺ɽ
һ˲䣬ȫĳеƣһ̣׷ͻˡ
һٳƵ˽ĵڰ˲㣬̺ɽ
һƬ̣ռ΢΢ͣ׽µĽȻһ㣬緢ǽԪ
һ̣µĲз罣ȻĻɽһ㣬ÿɽǴɱ⣬Щ˵Դɱȥ
µٶȣµ
͡
ռƵĦ
ݡ
ƿ֮
з罣˳ȥ󵶿ܽصʱ򣬳Щ˵ǰ
з罣˳ȥһĨ⿳÷Դʱ򣬳ǰ
ۡ
ٵ͸ͷ­˲һƬ
һƬм䣬ȴǼһ졣
һ˲䣬Ľٺˣȫ̴ԴѪˮԽɣ
з罣˵Ĳڽ÷мĵϣĻζţš
ףһ̣ȴǽ̤Ȼӿ¡

׶
÷ԭĸˣ˿Ѿް߰ףƣ㲵ĲѪ˿˫ۣһɺɫѪ׵ģһ鴤ʹ
ĸĬĬģҲ˿һۣʹ͸жġ
ĬĬıһ½÷תϵĽ׽ָ
㣬ǧУ


124 ҵĲ𴫳ӡ
ɫѾȫĲҰˣһ̣ףôҲһ峤ˡ
ֻǣԼǺı滨룬ѾʧЧô
Ϊµرİ滨룬˵ļǿرǵ֪׵ʵѾִףЩѾʧЧ
ɫĮȻѾ֪˿ǲֹۣ뵽ԼĺȻ򶨡
׵Ľףɱ
ɫȻһЦȻи˲֣ˣһˣڣ׼ܾĥɣ
΢΢̾ϢƺϵĽ֪ˣʹĳ̶ȣȴҪ֮гصĶࡣ
ʹͬʱ͵ıһɺ⣬ףȫȥɣ
˲䣬ȻһѪеĵϣ֮һťҲͬʱѹ¡
һ̣˵ƺȻü˵Ĺǹɱ¾֮⣬ʱҲݺݵĳ׵ġ
һЦ֪ͨеĵ֮Ȼ⵶ЩӴƣȴ׷ϡ
ΧˣǼϣ֮ǰһ֮£ȫɱˣʣµģֻһˡ
ףеĲз罣һ˲䣬֮⽣ԪֱԪһ
ӰһţߣȻһնɱȥ
ԽȴĽУ˿̣Խʹ˳Ӵޱȡ
ң֮ǰ׵ľԭӦƵ֮ģֻľʵﵽˣȴûͻơ
Ȼľ磬ȴͻˡ
ϸ˵˿̵ףʵѾ˼𾳽֮ھ硣
ֻҪľһͻƣ÷µģһ£̽ľ硣
͡
Ӱһֱһĵһնɱͷϡ
ǷģһӦøǼ˷Ľһ롣
ǣʵϣһûн룬ڣһѪû¡
⣬ǰʵʵһ̣ԼЩ졣
ǽȻ䣬ģݺݵһѪİԵѾӦǿֲҪǣȴ˿Ϊ
һ̣˫ۣͫеģֻǱȻļ˿ֲĸо
䣡
ȫͬ׺һ㣬ȫţһɲǣıը
أأأأأ
ıը֮һ̣ȫ޲ȴǲûȥֻһΪȫıˡ
ȻһڵϣȫıըֱʹΪȫı
ڵϣûȴǱǲ硣
һźݺݵĲԴЦ£ұۿû䣬˥Ҫ㿴ĶӲģҪ㿴Ůǧ裡Ҫ㡭
׶ݺݵ˵ţԹ޵Ŀ⣬ȴǺȻЦЦ
ҽŴԴ˿̱ڵϵһ˫֣Цһҽŷֵһָϡ
һȻһ࣬ʱҽ
ꡪ
ͷѪʱģֱӽһָȳĩ
ţֱӵĽָȫĲȳѪģݺ
һĴָʱ򣬽÷ȴ̾Ϣ׶ˣɱɣѾͷΪ飬ͲҪ۸ˣǵΪģܵ棬ѾͷĵغǲǸѾͷ
׽һһźݺݲȳǰһҺز飬ڲ

һ｣з罣ʱɻرĽʣ˽÷ǰ
׶Щ꣬ˣܡ÷ɫҰֽƺʱȥһ㡣
׶ûйֹ׶֪һֱ۰׶Ƭ̣׶Ϊˡ׼æ˵
׶ˣﰲĵ߰ɡô꣬ܽضˣҲûˣҲˡ
÷ƺ͸˺ܶ࣬˵Щͳ
׶Ӧһ£Ҫ常ɣҲҪɱѾͷ㣬Ӧ
˵仰÷ƺҪʹȥ
׻æͷæӦţԭ常ҲɱһҪס
Ž÷׼ˣȥ
ɲǣܽҲŵɵˣĿһĻ
Ҳܲô࣬һ̣ǰĹ¶ˣ
ѹס÷ϵһ˿ϣ׶ʱĶݶԼѪ֮бƳϵĴݵ˽÷ľ֮С
ȻѪҺ뾭ֱ֮֮Ӵ÷ϵţϵľۼǵҵϵʹ÷˥ߵ඾ȶ
һѪѾʵȻѾͣױʵǿշ棬ףЧȴΪ͡
÷ԭʮֵĳأֻ߶ЩģֻԼѾҪˡ
뵽÷³˾÷ŲԼķ֮⣬ٵĵģɵİοģ㶼Ѿ뿪ˡ
Ƕȫˣ׶ҲӦ˲˵鷳÷Լ԰ĵȥˡ
ν֮Ҳƣ÷ԸٶȾѪңѾͷɣѾˡ
ֻǣʶ룬ȴǲ˿̣Ϣͬ棬ڱԼĺȦ֮󣬽÷ֻԼʶһڵҲԽԽƺûľС
÷иж΢΢׷֣˿أǵĿԼܽ÷жʱҲ
ףءܽˣܽΪ
ܽڴ֮Уűã뽭÷С
÷أȰĿһֿۣ˿ܽףοҸ΢Ц
ܽҲɣﻹڴ򶷣ǿȥ׿÷û£˿
÷æ׶ȳȥܽϱģûˡ
΢΢ͷȫΪԼˣȻתĿ죡
ң֪ǸԼԵŪ嶾˲õĶԼѪżǿ󵽱̬ĹЧȻڷ˵϶ʮӴģԣһ˹ѪҺָ֮£÷İΣǲҪġ

һûֱʹӰһ˲ĳ˳ȥ
ԺУѾʬҰѪڣ˵ɱȻڼ
׿һۣԼڳУ˲Ѿʶȷһӣнз罣ʱһΪٵݡԼٶȣ
˲䣬ֻġۡ촫ȻҽУһƬ
ѪˮɣԽ硣
ԭս֮еˣȻ֣ǵĶ֣Ѿǰ
ңƬ̣һâֱӵĴ̴ģ͸ԴʹԴը
ֶΣֲֶͬΣʹݺһ
ûģȻܵ˿ֲ̼ٺ֮ǰһ룬ʱʧһ㣡
бһӣЩ˶ʱСеħˣħˡ
ˣͬǱһɱûˣܶ࿹סһУ
˸˵˹ȥ˸ûбģһ֮ڣֱӲ
ģˣҲģҲˡ
ԶԶӳ񱼵ˣ׽һɨöʯӻƿյķɽֱӽɱʬ嶤Χǽϣ󣬲ŴȾǽڣˤ
ѪˮţһƬİ
ð죬Ŵ֮лعܡ
磬׺ܽضǶûˣס˵ƣ˽÷ߡ
÷֮ǰҲ׵ĶԻ˿̼ƣЩɻ
ӣǸӦǺǿҵģң⼫ӵò
һ̣ҲѪмƣ˹Ŀ˵ϣ˵ĸӡ
ʱƺ֪ʲôƵģ˹Ҵ磬ǲţ˵ţ˺Լš
ںɫģģεıǣͬŦһɫͷ档
һ̣΢΢һʱҲ˺Լģɼεıǣͬĳزһࡣ
ƻ⣬ʱҲ˺Լ
ܽȴǺߵҺҲ⵭ǣ
Ӻͽ÷һۣ÷ĵ˵ͷͷȻͬʱʮּĵȷʵǵĺ
Т
ƶʱȴǱһסƣúףҲҵĺúӣңԲǰ
ƺ׼ͬʱĵ

ڵҹ𽥵Ĺȥɱ¾ʱһ̣Ҳȫֹˡ
⣬𽥵ĳѪӵԺ֮С
µ׵죬賿ʱЩˬһ̣ңȴһƬܰ
˶֮Уܰ죬ŨѪ֮ȴûü
ܶļ£ʿ˵ȣĬĬغһߣȻĬţÿһˣУҹ֮е
ⳡžۣȻɱ¾֮ȴȻܰ续
ɫ𽥵ˣһž֮˽
ȻѾңЩ飬ҷȥգ׵Ȼ˵ĿȻ
ͨһʱĽӺͽ÷ӵǷģӣΪҵĳԶĿǡ
˳ĵ˵ͷĳĵȥɣ׶ңԶеļң
еļң
ů𽣣תʧǰĺҹ
׶ǵĳŵ÷Ȼٴѵ
΢΢һ֪ͣˣţеڶڣ
γֵģššھ֣ҲĽҡ
źͷţڱڣھֲ֣ҳǡ


125 ŋ
Ѿ˴½ϵĻͼҶڱǺҳǣѾʮֵϤңھֵķֲҲѾ̽ˡ
£ȴãʱȽźͷš
䱳һ㣬ÿ嶼еģңңţߣҲǺܲмġ
֮һ㲻漰棬ңߵĻţ㲻˵ˡ
ң£Ψһֵߣ棬Ѿ˱ˣţ޸ֿԡ
ţǵֻڵ׶ԣȴ˿塣
ڴҲƼԷƺرУյصӣֵĵˣӦ֮ˡ
ףǲںʵѾҲɷУοΪԼĸ׺Ȼƽڰ˲㣬ײΪԼһؿ֮£ʲôˣԼĵ֣
ţʱʵǿ˱̫ࡣ
ҳǡɽºԨȴб뵽ߣײٴε뵽Щĵط
ƺÿǳأôһյҪ֮ء
ԭײû̫⣬˿һ룬ȴǱѾȻӦߵΧˡ
һЩ£ɱȴ˿Ƭ̣ױѾš
ŵ˿ȻӣƺѾõͨһ㣬Ҫǳףʱһ
ۡ
˵һ
վſߣһ۷֣ȴǱԾһʵǹ֮
⣬ȴǽԪ񣬲ֻǶԪѡ
İ飬̶˿ڱ滨롣
ʹݶڰ˲㣬̺ɽʹ
ֻĲз罣Ծһʱ콣ӰͬͬڽЩɵͬʱƲֱЩ֮ɱȥ
ҽͬһǰͬһüġ
ۡ
ƿ֮£̺ɽһзԺ֮УǱٸ֣ȫɱ
Ժ֮У
׹˫ţʱһԶԶᴫһҺ֮
㣬һֱһֱߵһ䷿֮ǰ
ĬĬ̧𽣣Ƭ̣߷춯Ȼ󣬽ֺȻ¡
˿̣һɫ㣬棬ǻŵķɫ׳ֻţۺɫĲƺڴæϵϵġ
ôվţڵ֮£ûпʹ֮ɫƺ֪飬ӣɫҲޱȡ
һһһ˲Һһ
㣬ôɱˣʵ˿̣ôˣмַŭģ
֪ǬĻ飬һֱʮֵĵͳϻˣǷˡ
£ԺвҺͨǶħ㲻ĨȥӰȻŵʱмϲȴҲмַŭ
˴ɱķˣкηֱƼҵˣôˣ
һʱ䣬ഩ·ϳױ˳
һʬѪɺӣÿˣĶôĲҲ̶ãȫĴˡ
һ̵ɻķʣʹһ֮£Ȼףڶ֪飡
΢΢һ̾Լĸ׵ĻŮˣȷʵǸױƭڵεСŮˡ
ڵϣ׵ȻĮŲţʱ֣ͬšھ֣ȫңңţɱǱģ
ҪôھߣҪôһ
һǲŵܣôᡭ
˲䣬֪ʲôˣʹ֮ɫ
ð죬ûжҲûж
㣬ҪɱôǱƭʵҲûԹԵģʱ򣬿ڷ֮װȻ䣬Ҿúܺ棬оҲУǸСܵܡһ̣ҲޣҲ˵
ɫһ䣬˵ʲô
״ϣȴԳЦЦףħףҹȻǾ֮죬ɱңˮԼҲԸԼİ飡
죬ףߣҲңˮ˵仰˵úܾ顣
һ仰еʹɱ֡
Ц
Ҳԣȷʵңˮҡˣףգұ㲻뿪ŵģ㲻ʲôҪ֣ͶְɣһЦû˵
ɫȻŻңնݳ
˫΢΢һԶеĽٵͶ˳ȥ
һֱָüġ
˫ۣû˵
һ̣Ȼ䣬ɵĲϵ
ү֣Ƭ̣ɺȻǰһ׵Ľ
ʵ⽣ײûɱ⣬ɸߣ֮ǰѾ֪ˣ˿ȴǶɵʵ˻ɡ
ɲһ־磬ɾĸ֣ңǿ֮ˣ
ĺܺãֱղţ׻ӽվԺſ֮ʱű¶Լ
׺ܴ˿Ѿ϶ɸԼΪָ֮鲨ضɡ
ټ٣ټ棬ײɱ̽ƻʧܣɱˣҲν
ţܹǻһңԼУҲȱǼ
ǣһ̣ȷʵˣңֱķ׵Ĳз罣
з罣ڿкХ˸֮䣬ص׵С
常ôװ׵ЦʵҲ㽣Ϊһֱмɵ常ңĺܲ
ɳĬ΢΢һ̾үŹģԲΪҵġ
ŹƾʲôЦ
ƾҵݡɵȻ˵ߵˣǽҵˣ
һ𣬳ĬƬ̵꣬ﲻޣѾҵˣ常װˡ
ɫ΢΢ЩŭԵüֲϵĻѾˣѾţ׽ҵŵʱŰꡣ
΢΢Ĭã常㣬˵£ţɵģˣ
͵һȴǵԲү£ū˵ɱҰգҲɱ
׿˿ɣĬĬһ̾常߰ɣһκ常ˣҲɱˣԺҲҵˣȻҵͽȴҲ̫񡪡
ף޲Ķҵǲ齭֮գôᡪ
˵ʲôɶȻŭȵһ˲䣬̬ӵūǱ׶Ĳ
类׻һ㣬Ĵ˵
ɣݷģƣƣ
뵽֮ǰ˵Լǽ÷ˣټ˻𣬻ԼĸײϵĶһ̣׺Ȼˡ
ţ͵һɱɻ
Ī˵£ĪԼԼ棬ѯʣɼˣȻΪɵġ
÷һʵŮˣҽӽ֮£ֻԭ򣬱ߵʵߵˣǱţνġͽ˶ԣʲôʱΪɵŮ׸ɻ
ĪһļıҲԣֻδҲ̫Сϼ޻ĺˡ
ţȴ̾ү񣬻Ҳ˲ʵǷɫսŮӣƺүĹϵܣʵҲȷʵˣūҲֱ˵ˡ
ϱһλĶŮΪŲһūͶţԼŮҪЮң֮ŮˡֲˣʵҲһɱģʼãȻıˡ
ڽţҲһЩüĿ֮ұƺһ鱦Сŋ񡯣һʮ˵õ鱦ԭ鱦ǷӡģȴǲȻ䱻˷ӡʱ޴Ѫɫĸ֣ʢʮǰġϮ±ʵһ£
ЩˣеϺеԱϲ㣬ھ˭֪ԭҲӦ֪ȴǱүɱ


126 鱦
׳ĬţںȻھ˵Ǿܣ˼ֺ⡣
飬֮Уӵĸˡ
ֻҪдķ׵ʲô
˿ɣ΢΢Ǹ常ǺˣѾţ常ֱӴȥɣʲôˡ
ɳ̾˿ҲãүūȻΪŰ£ǶӴֳҲȷʵкܶԲסүĵطڡ常ƣū𡪡
常㲻ҲգңԺչˣ粻ڼңǣʵɽ⣬ʵһ常һҪġ
ײѵɽ⣬һ֮ܵ󣬸ζɼˣֶҲȷʵʮֵǿ
ɵͷӦʣ˿̾ϢһѪɺӵ·ϣŵĴſȥ
Ҳһֱû˵ֻ뿪ʱĬĬĿһۣȴǸ֮

΢΢뵽ᵽġŋ񡯣ȻԼؿɫ͸ӡǣ뵽νġɫ̥ǡԼĽӽɫӡǣܽ˵ǾҲӡǵĻһʱ˳˼
ӡǣȻǼ򵥵̥ǣӦһִӡǡ
ӡǣڽй˵׿ʼû̫ȥ룬ôһ¡
нѪӦöӡǣͬģӡǵɫӡǵԳ̶ȶѡ
ңһײΪʹЩģһͨĶ
Ϻϲ㡭Ҽסˣ
뵽ŋ뵽ԼǬָţָ֮УѪƺӦһ㡣
ٴθӦһ£ȻǾҵĿռ䣬ԼĪ߾ΪһҴС
ֻڲһƬʲôʲôҲ֪
֪Լʵ̾һ𽥵ĽȻŲз罣Ŀ⿪ʼɨķ
һз罣ֱӻʱϢ͸Щŵĺ˵Դ
ʲôʵ׾һн
⽣̺ɽľ磬׺Ȼһֺ侲ľš
ɾͽһʱһ
һְȻţһƽ񵭶侲̬
׵̬ʼ侲ţмŤٵ侲ţƺֻصԭ㡣
Եı仯ȴԶǵ̬Աġ
һԺ֮ȥÿһ
ܼңѾߵȣһҲ⡣
ȫȫɱնݳ

ɫѾţŽֱɱš
ֻǣŵʱ򣬷ţѾȥ¥գԶݶߡ
ţһЩѾߣҪûһڡ
׿ǿӦһЩˣǳűˡ
׷һʱ䣬ӰҲ׵ķˡ
֮£׿ҳǣھ֡

ھ֮УĽݹ⸴ĬĬĺžˮң֮ϣ£Ľݹ⸴֮⣬ֻϡһߡ
ϣһ峴㶹ɢŵľˮƺɢŵ֮
峤Ҫ⽣ħǰʵʮ˵áһλ΢΢˵
ģڤڤˣĽңĽ棬ߣڼңԷɱҲ㲻Խˣǲˣˣͱˣ
峤Ҫ֡ɫһ˲òҰ֮
ߣ£ǷɫսŮӣֻһˣμߣu軹бٳأˣ
λϺһһ֪ԼΪ峤ε£һΣֻҪƴˣ
Ľݹ⸴ߡ
Ľݹ⸴վɫм
תߵһͺͺǽǰĽݹ⸴ǽڸȻǽڲһӴڵİš
¡¡
Ŵ򿪡
棬ʮֵ
İ׹ǣĹһĻɫ棬ϵš
uϡ賤Ϻͱٳػ˱ͷĵס
ʮߴ峤Ľݹ⸴ȼΣѣ
Ȼ䣬Ľݹ⸴İ׹ǰȥ
ͷײڵϣƿѪˮ˳ȻյĻһһ˸ɵ
žž
Ľݹ⸴ȴǽͷڵϣûжһ¡
uϡ賤ϺͱٳسϣʱҲһ֮£ڵϣĬĬȻݡ
ãղŴһ̾Ϣ⺢˭˲ǣǡҲգգʹ鱦֣۳ɰܣмǲɱ¶ٺݣ
˵꣬ʱڰռ䣬׹ǶʱеȼƬ̾ۺϳѣʬһɫ԰׵Ӣꡣ
ȥɡ
˵꣬һǰˣʱѾ˳ⰵ
½ʬվĽݹ⸴ߣϺһȴţ
Ľݹ⸴˿ʬ΢΢ʾ⣬һˣֱӵץϣһץһץץԴһѾʧ˿ռ䡣
һڴ֮С
ٳػ£ֻ鱦ʬռһʶѣ˲󣬱峤Ҳܴʱһ̣Ľݹ⸴аЦЦкһͬըһǿҡ
ٳмֲ⣬ȴҲֻνܡ
⽩ʬʵڿһĶаŷ
ζв֮ʵǿ󣬵ȴûжʶĽ潫֮Ϊ˷ӳʵҪһʶΪḶ́ˣһʬץϣǡʶˡ
㣬ڱ֤Ƚ𵤾ĽʬʵʱǽʬܵĽݹ⸴ѪֱָӽһʶȻԾԵٶȣ˱ҡ
˿̣һֻ鱦ʬһץڱٳػͷٳػʱһ㵹˵ϣһ֡״̬
ʬһ𣬶ʱ˱ٳصģĬĬվĽݹ⸴ߡ
ص֮У˿ϵƣĽݹ⸴߽˼ڡ
ٳأһ£ǽħûУ
Ľݹ⸴Ȼ
ٳжʱ˸ڤ⣬ܼ
Ƭ̺󣬱ٳعСʱ֮ˣ
ãܺãĽݹ⸴ǳ㣬ҳӭӣʱ׼Ϣ

׵ٶȺܿ죬ΪھĽˣΣ׳ֵһؿ״̬
״̬ʵһؾ磬ֻ۾Щ΢΢죬˲޶
ѾҳˣֻҪңҷΧԼĪСʱ
˼ţȴǺȻ亹ëȻһ֮ǿҵΣС
һ̣״󾪡
΢΢һͣһ˲䣬мٵ˼
Ϊһʼͬ˲ֻˣʮֵһ쳣д»ᷢң£ʲô£
΢΢Щ
ΣƺǲڣĲôǿҡ
гȻ뵽ھ֣ħڤӣԼʦڤԪӤڵĸֶھ֣Լǲǿ̫ˣ
ôһ룬жʱ𼸷һ̣ЩļеİΣˡ
ϸУơܼʵﵽɣӦûʲôȥҵġ
Լ֮⣬Ӧûûʲô˱Լʵǿˣ
ϸķһ΢̤ʵ֣ٴǰȺ֮ȥ
ҳ֮УǺܶģֻһ̣׵ģȴԽԽˣǰǺˮޣڵԼͶһ㡣
ˣ֣߳ᱣҵİɣкȻ뵽ˣһѹе궯ңҾַȥ
ɫھ֣ԶԶĿȥһɫ̴ľײһżѹֵϢ
ǽң˹ͷַϷоһۿȥǿˡ
ŽĬĬ̤ſڴ󿪡ֵصھ֣һ˲䣬ױ֮Уɺɫλӭɭķ磬졣
λԱߣվһɭĪޱ֮ˡ


127 սס˲
ף㣬ˣգҪѪծѪĽݹ⸴˵ţʵϣһ̵һȫķ״̬
Ľݹ⸴ߣһĬĬվţˣĽָɳܽʬ˿ռűٳصʶʵ൱ڽ𵤾ڡ
һ֮£ѾоĽݹ⸴ߵɫľ˵ǿͬʱĽݹ⸴ĻʱҲһ
Ľݹ⸴ҳߵĻҸұ֤Ƭ̣ĽңѪɺӣȻ˵
ʵҲ֪ԷȻѾˣȻһ㣬ֻΪԼ׼񻯣໨ʱѡ
ݶڵ嶾Ԫʵײȫ϶ÿһ߳Լǰ˱֣ԣ˵׺Ǿ衣
ףϣĽңʲôҲ㼸ϢĽң߸ˣֹһ
£Ѿһڸ֣ɱңڣӦŰɣ
Ľݹ⸴ȻЦ׵ģȴǺݺݵһһڵĸɱң
ɫȻ䣬һʱʮֵľŭ˿̣˳ֻ֣Ҳֻܹ˼һɣ
һҲŭˣ뵽ңʱʮֵѹ
ԭŵĽ𽥵Ļ֣һ̣ûг֣ģȫĿ񻯡
ϡ
Ȼһ˹Ŀȴ׺䷢һ̣Σ׾һΣһҪھ֣
˴ֿʼҵϵ·һ˲䣬Ȼı˿ɫսһԪ⼯
һ̣˲˿״̬
еĺһһģ˫ѪɫĿ⣬Ľݹ⸴ʱĽݹ⸴ģݺݵĲ
ϣĵĽ⡣
˲䣬ڵĽӿݺһ˲伤ɫĹ㣬ֱӽĽݹ⸴ǿܽʬΪǱٳصʶԲɱģƺҲͬ˴͡
Ȼܽʬʵ൱ڽ𵤾磬ڻȡٳصʶ֮Ҫһʱĥϵģףƺǿ׼һ㣬һ˲䣬ѸͶĹ
ݺ֮󣬱ǽԪԪһɱʽ
һ˲䣬ȫ˾˵ڲз罣ӿģǹԪ֮
һݺĽݹ⸴ϣһݺնɱڿܽʬϡ
ۡ
ۡ
Ľݹ⸴֣˲ͷ­˳ȥڵأǲ˼Ŀ־塣
ǽʬȴڳһ֮󣬲ϱһŻǣ׵Ľݺݵķ˻ȥ
໡
ٳؽʬ˹ѾĽݹ⸴ڤ֮һһģȴƺ˷֮ɫ
һʱѾףǽʬûбԼĹ嵽ǽԼ֣ɱĽݹ⸴
ֻǣ׵һ㣬ȴȻˡ
Ȼڰ˲㣬񻯺Ųھʵǽʬʵǽ𵤳Ҿ磬̫
׿ޱȵһɱڶԷϣԷֱͬһ㣬費⡣
ˣԷЦ񣬿ԿһֵóѵЦ⡣
˫۽ĶǽʬֵĽȴǽš
һ̣ǽʬˡ
ʬ岻ӲǱһʦ֣Ҫǧ򱶡
һ̣ױֻһӰһһɾ޴Ϯ
ϢŲӰܵͬʱݺһ̳Ž̺ɽĽ⣬ɱǽʬԴ
ʬӰһͣһ˲ٵӰʱٴγߡ
һ죬Ѿ׵ļϡ
ꡪ
ǿޱȵۣʱͷ㱻
һʹʱֻֻܿһ̣ǽʬٶȣ׿̫ࡣ
һ˲䣬ƺһʱɫ
⽩ʬ̫ˣ
һ˿ı֮䣬룬ѾǱˣȥֻԼɡ
˼ţ಻ƺɱʱ򣬺Ȼ䣬ĺʱͣ
ϤĵζͷһɣΪأʱ̬ʼָģ
һѾѪģ˿̣˺ۡ
ǣײЩΪֵ״̬һΡ
ˣůͬʱúȻô˵Ļˣһ¡
ţպȻһ⣬ȻѸٵķ׵ֱ֮С
ʱ΢΢һڼ״̬֮£ϺȻһɫģʵսס
мǡƷսף
澳ԵҲ֪ģߣһҪһʱ䣬һҪԪӤΪҪ𣬻˵ը¯
Զԣսףѣռֱͬȴεսףٱ
֮һƷսףΧ֣ض˷
սմȾ׵ѪȻĻһ׺ɫս״׵ϣ˵ʡ
һ̣齩ʬȫͣˣһ̣նĿ֮Уǿ־塣
Ȼɱʶ嶼Χڷۺɫս֮Уʵ˫ȻɢĿĹʡ
һһöɫķɳڿתţԾ
һ̣齩ʬȻʱɢɫɢڿռ䡣
ǣռƺһǺΣҲɢˡ
ǽɫķʱ󣬻һķȻӵĽ⡣
⼤طɫһ˲䣬Ȼ޴档
һ̣ҲûĴڡ
ĬĬվţɫս״ϣļ򣬶ٵĻָ
ƷսףʵҲǣܷӰٷ֮ٵʵңսףܶ˵壬𵽼ٻָãЧĽǿȺǿĹʵһ˲սף
⽩ʬһУʱѾգʧ
ףǿ϶Ǭָġ
ֻһ̣׺ǵҵİΣˣͷһôĿš
ˣҡ
ģʱ¡һλش׵⡣
м⼫嵭㣬ӿһ˵ĸо
ˣܸңΪʲôҪ𣿡ڴʵ
û˵Ĳʵ˫ȴ˸ţ֮¡
˿׵׸磬գ˴ҡ
׿˿ھ֣գȴǾãҵİΣҪһ㣬ûж˵
һ٣ʱվ˲ʵ˫֮ϣվ˵ߡ
һ̣Լ٣Ҳоõһ̣˵壬ڲ
ˣ֮ô̲סٴʵ
ȻĬƬ̺ȴǵ׸磬һǧ˴֮磬ɽʱ˽һеģڷ֮ǰǲ֪κζġ
׸磬ĶŬɣֻ㹻ǿ󣬲㹻ʸ֪һУ
˵ᣬ𺳣׶ԣȴǾ޴ġ
΢΢һͣжʱƺףԼ˵ĹϵֻǾԵĲ򵥡
ңΪǣԼĸ֪൱ŵġ
ܸо˶ɸֿ⣬ƺֱĳֶһ㣬ܣҲʮֵ
˵껰֮ױֻһɼ˵Ŀֲ˺֮ȫƺ˲Ҫ˺ıըһ㣬ʱ󾪡
ǣٴ֮ʱսףѾ˺֮ȫĵˡ
ռһΣײķ֣ˣȻվŴԺ֮У
˿̣ңܿƺˣѾһѪһʬս
˵Ǽս˵ǽʬϷŪֶܿѣΪһ֣˸ûκη֮ġ
Ȼ˿̣ʬƺˣжʱԪ֮


128 ˫
˳ֵһɲǣΪ齩ʬռuʶĽʬȻӦжʱԪͼһٽܿȫɱ
Ȼu֪ɫսŮˣܻȥԣõ汳ġ
Ҳû뵽⴫֮еŮӣǿܹ˲ơ
ԪĶֱӵɱܿˣֻһ̣ռͬһ֮󣬶ʱһ͵״̬
һ̣uеԪһ֮󣬱ҲĲȥˣʽģĶڿС
ͬһ⼤ͬһɫʱըɢֻǽҲͬĺɫɢ
˵𵤾ĽʬܣֱһĶ֡
Ըʵţһ۹⣬ҷ
硪
ܵܡ
ʱܿңǸߺϴžϲ֮ɫֻǣ˵һɲǣͬʱǽһĲ˼𾪡
ȱ˵ľ𺳣һֹϤĸоǽ⽫ɫռϣңͫ͵һƺȻ
ܿȴĿɻȴֶЩԲλࡣ
λ㣬ллľ֮ܿˣĿǸм
˵˵ͷʾӦ
Ƭ̣˵׸磬ס˵ĻŬɡ
˵仰ֱ֮ӵʧףҲ
һƬףѾˣһȴȻ̲סʵ𾪣ܽأҲ׼˵Ǵ˿̣Ȼ𺳡
ƺɣ֮С
һѣˣҲȻЩԲλĵͷĬ
վ˵ϣصɵ˹
常磬ܿ㣬Ƕû°ɣ׹ʵ
ɺƾҡͷʾԼû£ܿңЩůҲ˵Լû¡
ӵҲ˹ھһλϣʱ򣬱㱻uԼɱˣϾ齩ʬuϵʶͬһ㣬˽ġ

žۣɺĻع飬֮ˣҲˡ
⣬ܿһΪÿЦڳ۾гһߣǶôĸˡ
ϵˣʢҲʮֵĸˣһ̣ҲûЩС˼Ͼ׳ˣҲҫ
ڶգӱϳϻᣬⷢͨ棬ĺѾڣصң˾ƣΪơ
ˣ֪Ƶͷ֮󣬶ǵһҲǲҶȥʲôˣϾƱɽһӴ֮ɣ
ţҺǿƵʵźھֵֶΣ߷ŵ鴫֮һٱѾΪܱʮǳصļ䣬˵£֮͡
ز⣬ϳŰ£ҲùʣҲš
ΪǶల£÷ֵѪոһյĺҲЦݣ˺Ρ
һ˵žۣǽһԲĽ֡
ÿڽȻûдڸκˣȻ£ѾţԽ֮ңױԼһɽԹǸͬ˱ûдڸ˵˼
ײ֮ˣҲû
ЩӣֵģǺܽһ𣬽̵ˡ
׽̵ģӰԴɱʽȻԽ˲٣ѵҲǲ书رɱڵǶҲϲ֮
Ȼڼ䣬û飬Ȼȥҳǣھ֣صǣ˻ɷˣֻҪвģ䶷ͷվźԵģױ㶼һȫɱ
ֶΣ׵ʹý𾪣ħ׵ͷҲ
ԭΪɱһ󻤷޵ЩˣֻǵھȫɱھƬײ֮Ҳ˳ĬȻ󣬱Բֽ֮Ϊɣԭ׼׷׷
֮У𣬶ףȴǲֻ֪ڼÿŶԼңˣʱȽʱ档
Ӿţתۼ䣬ʮѮ١
׼֮ƱҲصʦ֮ˣǰܽأҪһͬǰɽɡ
һߣѾҪˣܾƴȥɽĽ飬ѡңңܿȴǾ
÷ȻЩ᲻ãǶŮҪɣҵĹ٣ȻᣬΪ˺ӵǰ̣ҲֻܽЩС
Ӻ͸λϣȴǸоңӵǿ
һ죬ʡʮµЩ⣬װĺҳ
磬Լܽض֮ױҲȥתת֮󣬱ˡ
һеϣ֪һ£ȥźѰԼױҲͬңܿһˡ
˱֮׺˷ֵе̤ܼĳٵ
Ⲣ׵һεȴǵһαȽеġûʲô˼ɣҲûװ
һ·ǣƺ޾ɵţȴǼ֮󣬷׷·غͿ־壬״׹
ǴŵѹȺɱ¾ϢĲз罣ıں󱳣һɫսһ·ʹˣе״̬ʹñ˶
Ҳ˱˶̬ȣֻ΢΢һЦȡһƷʲܸߵľƣڵϵĶͷһľơ
ͷһںϰľˮͬһ㣬ӿУθ֮һ·ʹһʱ
ȻǾĽʿЦ
ʵһУ֮УȻˣ
ԼǵǶһֻ֣Ѿвٵ˳Լ˼Լ嶯˼ɣ
Լʵǿˣɽڱˣ̬վԼһߣЩˣһĲˣ
˼ţȻһкʵȴѾˣˣ
ңǸǿʳ磬ǿΪߣԶǱĶ
ĺͨ͸ȻҲ֪ԼʵڽȻ˲ãһߵķΧʵǺܲġ
ײѾӽʮ꣬ʮ¶񣬲꣬Ѿʵ뵽˵Ǿ仰ǧʱ䣬ڣб
ѣⲢ׾ѡ
ڱ˵ѣ׶ԣͲڡ
ףҪԪӤΪͲԪӤȻֵĻҪ޳ԪӤҲǲܡ
뵽飬׶ʱ뵽ϵսףսףϲз罣һ㣬ΪзսףһƷ
Ѫȡ֮׶зս׵ԣȻʮ׵ġ
зսף׿񻯵ʱҲҪ˼ˣзսף仯̬еı仯Ӧս̬ûпƣɫͨս״̬뷨ֻҪͷǿ󣬲зսױᰴ֮е״̬б仯
ڸ˵ͬʱҲʮֽģķһ֪Ȼٴȫ
ԣƽʱ򣬾ǽսȡڣһнŻᴩϣƽʱֻǴͨɡ
ȻܻڰбȻЩߡ
뵽Щߣױ뵽˽֮£뵽Щ׵У˳޵ͷ
һ˼ţһеţһһ𽥵֮С

ɽڰһ·񱼣Ŀء
ȷʵɽ֮⣬ѡֺͻɽǻᱻ˫ɳ֮УΨأȴǱֱ
֣ǵɽôڰŵʵ
زڰҲûʲôˣڽ֮УǷѾĥµûˡ
ɽһ̵ֵĺƽģź޵֪ô˵ģ
ɽôһ˵ڰ񣬵ԹԵĲ˵ˡ
ɽţӶʱסɽ⣬ɫصأλ뿪Ȼݹǲˣ
ɽ⵭ȻһЦСֵܸź޵˵˫ˣ
ɫһףʱλԵȣ˵գٿ񱼶


弯 ֮


129 
ֻƬ̣ɽϣ㼫ٱһϵ
ϵԶµʿҲǼٵıٶҲ൱Ŀ졣
Ƭ̣ϵɽ֮أĿѾԶԶĴڰתƵ˷ɽϡ
ɽ⣬ϵĿһʱһЦԭǷҴǰ蹫ĪҪ֡
ɽ΢΢һЦؿλ峤ϵĹڰ񣬴˴һͬҼأ֪Σ
޵ɫ΢΢һϲȴ漴ȻλӿأϵвӦ֮λأ֮٣ڹӣһأôǰһУǱʱȴһΪذ£֪һ㡪
ɽڰ֪ԼЧҵĻˣ˵ģأ֮һԱ
޵˵ͷһ̣µʿҲ˹޵㵱ĴϽܸʶһס
㣬ϣɽɫȻأǽ֮£Ҳ֪ǲΪϣܴǸ磬Ǵ˫棬һ¡
޵һϲȻ˵ˣģһȥ֮󣬵һʱá
ɽͷˣˡ
޵Цܺ˫ʵ㽻飬ʵ϶ضԣô࣬һ㲻ɷϣ£蹫ӣǱ㰲ڷıַ棬ֱǱŻɣʵдǿ
޵˵ţȻڰڰȻʣȴǱֵúƽ

ǣڡ
һ·׻ɣڡ
żеƽε֮£һ죬Ҳȷʵǽͷ緶
һߺȾƣһ߹ˡ
ǣҲϷʮǳ֮ڣߺǣԱ߱ҳˡ
ûòһЩʵ֮ˣٻʶһħǵģ˼ǣٸ־ɫ䣬һʱΪһЩҪš
֮Ҳûʲô˲ۣһ·ϣ˵˵˳ûʲôƽ֮¡
ãֺֻ¿죬׵飬㱻ĥ˲١
Ϊʵ̫ǿ⣬ԣ֣ļС±š
㣬׿֮ҲЦ
֮Ҳ˵Ӣ۾£˳˵ͷԣɱЩˣǣҲ
£ҲٸƶɱЩΪߣ˵ȫ֮£ֻһʱ䣬νĽҲЩˡ
Ӻǣһ·нʮǳأ£Ϊ̬⣬ʵ˲ٵľȴʼ޷ͻƼ֮
Ȼ˿׵Ϣǳȣˣǹӽ⣬ȴҲӵǿˡ
һգŷѩʱֵҹ׼µ;Уһɽ֮Уȴʧ˷
˿̣϶ëѩ裬ʮֵĵͣµǲʱǣҲΪ¼ͣҲȫ䡣
ѩ֮УƬ̣ױһɫѩǡ
Դһʣǰ·һСɽһ㡣
׵ҲûлɣǣСɽȥ
СɽԿڣ˫Ŀҹӣʱ㽫￴
и֮̾ʣֻȻг
ʱѾ뺮ѩ׷֮ʱ̹ǵĺХţɽ⣬ƺ֮
˿̣Ѿûе£ֻ׼ԭ·ҳ£ֻ;ƫط
гȴ˴ڡ
Ӳ滷ɽֻ˼ҡ
һ˼ҾУȻéݣƺȴǽЩ£ƺЩаԵĸ֮С
һȥȴмɻ
ȻӦͨķӣֻΪȴֻһҪéݷЩ֣
˼Щ˹ȥֻǣ߽ʱкȻһʱ˼صĸо
΢΢ɫëʱƺܶ׵˼˻һתߵɽ֮
éݵķΧʱռ亮˲ʧȡ֮ģһ͸ĵů
ߣƺһģһһʯߵʯϣ˼
һ󷨿ռ䣬⿴ȴѾʲôѩߣǷۺɫʢһƺһ˲Ҳص˴Ľ֮ʡ
ңʮֵҲʮֵȻˡ
ۺɫһɫ滨趯һƢζԺһĿռ֮У׺Ȼбü˵
⣬һ˵ĸۡʱڶȻ뵽˵ϿիĹ»Ұ
ո˵ײʲô

Сף
΢΢Ķ˵ֻǻ˵һ룬˵ȥˡ
Ϊˣ塣
˳ྪ˵ƣڣһˡ
һ˳˼һĿţڶỳɣǲһˣֳ˵ġ
ԼԼĻȻɻĿ⣬˹ȥ
Ȼһ֪ͨˣǶ׶ԣҲʲôԼȻһûʲôֵñ˵ǵġ
߽һˣ塣
壬ЩΧ壬ȴǺΧ壬źܴĲͬ
ʯϣʯȶĺڰӣһſŵģһɽһĳء
ͷȻȴǳĬţ˫Ŀע塣
еӲ࣬ڰ׷
ǣеƣȴǼ˵Ӵ󣬶ңÿһ壬һ㣬ʮֵľԡ
λˣ˫Ŀʯϵ̣һˣȻһһöڵģصӣ£һŰɫߡ
Χɫһƺһ֣һȺʵĶ֮УֺȻʧɫһ㣡
һߣͬһһöصİɫԼһǡ
׿ɵۣǲ֮ˣǲװ
壬治ԾĹɱʲô壿
Ҳ֪ΪμԷʮֵĲޣ룬סˣһֿôȥ̬Թ
ٿƬ̣׼̲סҪˣΪ壬ȫŰԲУɱһϵĽԼ·ƣ
Ǻ֣˾·ʹ˶һ·ͨȥ˵Ρ
׶̲ס뿪κֹס뿴̬ļֿȥ
һֱ˵廹һֱԼ·ȣƫƫˣսַƽ֮ơ
׿Σ̲סˣһһ·׷ɱֻ²غϣܽԷɱĶװɣ
ܣ֪˭ȶɱ˭Ȼʤ
ţȴͬʱһۣĿƽ֮׵ģȴһƺȫĿһ㡣
һ˵λСѣȻԵ㽫ֽһϼȳ֣ӮˣϷ㴫һס֪ȥδˣȡһöӣȻ뿪飬ĽȥԼĽΣ
Ŀ˿֣гһܼ򵥵֣򵥵κһֻҪȷ岽֮ڽԷֻǣԷȻԼģȴΪʲô
׿ԷΪȻҲ֪Էʵȷʵ˵ãңӦ֮ˡ
ֻԼģԼ飿Ľ
Ҫ֮磬ȻҪһ㣬ҲףĽʵϣڴ｣꾳֮󣬱ѾûкˣҪĻԼĽԣ忴׸㴿ռ˱ˡ
Ϊˣû䣬ͬΪλȥױҪȻ֮磬ȻνĽ֮
һӮˣײΪԷеġסһǲ
Ȼ̰࣬Ȼ뿴Ӯ


130 塤Ƽ
΢΢ͷãҴӦ㣬ˡ
˵ţ΢΢һЦ˶ʱ϶ΪһΪһˡ
״󾪣ɫ䣬ʱ֪ԼֻҪϵˡ
ˣȻѡһʯ
ߣҲһ
˺϶Ϊһһ㣬Ǽ𾪵ģҲΪǳֶΣһ뵽飬Ȼʵǰ֪֪ˣ
ˣǺǣϷȷʵ֪һУֻӮ˵һЦ
гĬ
ʵѾ˲²⣬ߣʵӦñ˶ǿֻǶԷԼ飬ȻԼˡ
׷ʵˣҷһգʰټУ
һЦˣӦŵԣʰϷθɣףְɡ
һҲ֣ȻԷƺԼĵطȻҲǲֶԷ֪Լʲôġ
Լ˼ǵ뷨״Աȡһź壬ԼһǰߣɱԷöӡ
öһԭƽ;ƶȻܱ䣬ʱü˵Ĺģǳ˼ƫ
һֻ̣һЦһһźɫԼһӪ
͡
ƺѪɵĳ֣һ˲䣬
һĺɫӣԼµɱöʱһȫµƣǰ
ԭһսȻܱ䣬ƽ֮֮Уɱ
һһ̵ƽ;ƿٵԼһ谭ľƣΪһֲ塣
һ˲䣬һƬ
һѪڣһѪ˳
׺򶨣Ѫ֮󣬺ܿ侲
ǲģٳɱУһöԷӪٴɱƺ׺ݵļöӡ
⼸öһʱǰƺһֻþǼ֮ˣԷٴɱ˲Žһ㣬ΪԷöԷԼޣһ˲䣬ִɱɫҰһƬ
ۡ
һѪɫҰס
ȻΪԲеַ塣
͡
ƺһѪģٴɱˣʱս֣ѾȫһΪˡ
Ѫ·ɱŷ֣ΧǱǰ·׷һ̣б࣬ƺȫһּ˵ľ
ƺ̲סģҪ
ۡ
һѪһ̣׺ȻʼʱǷ׷׽ԼµģѵϾ棿
һ˿⣬Ҳ˲٣һ̣Уһ˿͡
ţ֪ȥöӣƻôܱ䣬ȴǳݵ£һöɫʱɱöԼӡ
ʱƺͬһѪ͸һ̣׾ȻԼƺȼѪһ㣬ȣԭԵ֣ȴֳһ
ֻǣһ̸Ҫת䣬ԭһֱѰ·İ壬ȴǺȻ֣һٱ㽫
ߵպ岽ԭŲߵף˿Ѿɱһö壬ޱȡ
һɣӵ䣬Ȼȴǲò̾ǰ˵ã磬Ȼˣ˵ĻԵԺ󣬲˾磬زǣڰĽΪѹҶûдϰԭĽһ㣬أԼĲ棬Խ꾳֮󣬸д죬ԣҲ㲻á
΢΢һЦܱȫһöӣѵã㣬֮£㲻ҪΣڴ˾֮Ҳʸֶ֪ˡ
ڴ֮󣬷ڼ䣬һѣö壬٣㽫鼴ɡ
壬ֻһʹûᣬȻܱȫһö壬֮ǰŵöӣöӣǡáţΪ֮ɡ
˵ȴǼ˵𺳣ʵ֮ǰ֣·׶ûаյġ
ǵ浱˳ϣףԼʵ̫ˣ뷨Ҳʵ̫ˡ
һ壬󣬸ӵĳ̶ȣԶԶԽ
һöӲȴΪԼȡһᣬһֶõĽ
ƿЦʵɱ
ͷ𺳺ܴȫڽ棬ǻص¿ޡ
һ̣׼뿪֮ʱȴ΢΢һ̾ЦȻһö壬⡶סһϵϷ㣬׵ļ㾳֣Լú˼һ
һ㣬Թ塣
ڶ㣬Թ۷壬ԡ
㣬ַԣ塣
Ĳ㣬壬塣
㣬壬ġ
㣬ģġ
ǺǣϷС塯գСϷ֮ʱ
˵꣬ʱֱһ֣ռʱһƬڶȻô˽ȥ
ȻһУޡ

׵ͷţҹ֮УХţɽ֮УͬǺһ㡣
ëĴѩƮ£Ƭ̣Ѿϸһѩ
ԱߵʱĲһ£ƺ֮ǰûɽһ㡣
ǵģһ̣뿪ȴǺȻôĳɽ֮УʮֵȻǸտʼɽһ㣬м䣬˼ʱ򣬽һξ
бö壬ƺûһȴǳصͬٽľһ㡣
͸ö壬֪ߣĳֹңƺǿΪԼ
ˣҲ˺ռ䣬Ȼҡڵģ޾߽ȥߣȴĺȻȻþ·һ㡣
׸ܲʲôߣ˺ռ䣬׶оκοֲ
һˣѾͷʹˣ˸塭
׿Ц֪ˣ϶ӦúеϵҲֻһЦ
˼֮ǰĶ֮У׵һľ磬ٶԱȽһľ磬һƺΪԺ·ҵ˷
ǶľÿһÿһУײɶ˼
׵ַ֡ԣ塯Ĳ㣬ȴˡ壬塯㾳ϵı仯ȴǺͽڶؾĽ֮޼ô
ȻҲˣټ˵ǿֻԼʱҲûǽЩìܵ÷Ҳֻʱ
ң֮ǰ֮УǼ˵ʹ࣬׼¡
жмʧ䣬Ҫһϻûпʼĸ飬ҲֻЩЦ
ȻûпʼֺανĽ֣һֱڽε˵ͼеУͻƼ֮ͬԡһľ磬Ա߿ţ뵱ȻһУҲ޷⡣
Ҳȷʵ÷ˡ
нһ׶ʱоľƺͻƣ㣬һϲȴʱûо͵ͻƣ׼ͻơ
񱼣һ֮࣬ڣٴεĻص¡
ֻǣǣңһ̣ڷһ֮зӵ̩ˡ
˿̣֮磬Ѿﵽ۷״ֻ̬Ҫͻơ
һΣ׾ѪҺЧͬʱһٿ磬Ȼһٳֱӽ龳硣
еĴȻܺãҲ֪ЩѶȣȻ飬ҲԷ£Ѷȣǲϡ
ٻǽ㣬ʱ߻һȦȻ󼫶ȵͷĦ׵ľʹů֮
˱ǵͷ£ϡ
һХʱٶȷ۵糸һ㣬ٵķ˳ȥ
Ƭ̣ױƽʱǴƽ̨
˿̣һۼӣһȻʵҲˡ
ʱûмܿң˶ȻȥˣҲֻ΢΢һЦ
ˣӺٺһЦСӣбٺϷȱȿ
ҲһЦãҪЩ죬֮󣡡
˵ţ˿ܣֱһԭĵط
ǽ㣬ȥɣҪʼˣ
Ŀ˵Ŀᣬ׵˵ͷȻ־ĿһۣȻˡ


131 Ԫ
뿪֮׶ʱҲ
ѾûʲôˣҲʮֵİ
ӣƺҲǽ龳粻ãҲ߲Զ
׳ͷһЩӵ˼룬ȻȫĵͶ뽣֮Уﵽ̺ɽ֮磬ҲˣȻʵҲ˵ȴǲΪ޷ͻƼľ磬̺ɽнȴǲ㡣
£̬ںãǣңѸٽľ֮֮󣬽̺ɽƣҲһˡ
űĲз罣Ľϵ˸ΧĿҲһļţɢšǿĽ֮
ΪһӣȻ˿̵ǵù͸Ԫ壬ɢĽ֮һۣȴεмϲĶɽĬĬĿ
СӣٶʵǾˣҩûгԣʵѵһţӾ̾ȻĽ뵽ԼͽٶȣҲˡ
ҲԼͽǣҪȻԼҲ֪һӲͻƣ
ţʱ뵽ȵú󣬲ôģһҪȶΣܸĽ
⣬ӵ־׵мֵ˿û֮ǰ䣬ɵǱӰ졣
ţеĽһ˵ģϵľۼţƺҪںһ㡣
˼һĵĪνΪԪḶ́Լƺû֮ɣ
мȴǼȻŬŽ
ڰأ̺ɽƣ֮󣬱𽥵Ӵ
Ӵƣڿγһ޵ĽĿ۵Ľһһ⿴Ӵ󵽿ֲƣͿԿ϶һȻſֲ
⽣һ𣬶ɫһľ˿ûӳ׵ĸӦ
һ̣׾Щ΢룬ƺԼʶҲ𽥵ı׳һ㣬˺Ȼ䣬𽥵
ţȴԶԶĳԽ֮ǰţƺκ飬Ѿٷһĸоǿҵĳ׵ġ
̺ɽƣ۵Եһʱ򣬾ǳΪ˽ݺʽһ㣬ȫĳΪһ㣬𽥵˥˵ʱײ֣Ϊܸоɫε״̬תĹ֮УǽȻƺԽԽȴƺڳɱһ˲䣬Ѿľ
һ̣кȻһƺĳٽ㣬Ȼһ㣬һ̣һʱƺԭѾĵúǿսߵľ磬Ȼ˼쳣Ľ
ԭһĽ˿ƺõһ㣬ĽȴǱ˼ֵɫңƺ׼ʼںһ㡣
һʱ뵽ˣԪ֮磡
ԪǽĵھŲ㣬һһ㣬ܲԪԽ֮磬Ԫ֮˵Ǽ˵͵ģ
ԱȾ磬ҪﵽԪ磬ضҪͻż磡
ǣ粻⽣Ԫ֮磬ȴƺȻҪˣô𾪣
һ۵ͬоģ֮ԪתתԪۼڵ𽥵ĳΪ𵤣ٴڻ󣬱γԪӤ
ụ̂ȴڵĵطγһһܱͨ䣬γɽģĿռ䣬γɶⲿĽĸӦ
УԶԶҪڼ򵥵ĵ
Ϊ⽣ߣ죬죬Ҳһ֮ˣԣ⹦׶ԣһ㣬֮󣬽൤ĵطȻֻתţͣѭţȻһֵϵľۼһ
˿̣׿ŴĽϵĻţȻḶ́ȷʵЩѶȣǳᣬ׾ԷһԼ߶ԶãʱҪ⣬ֱһȣ
ûʲô֮ǣȻȫĵͶ֮С

͡
Ľ߲ϵţÿռһıըţʹƽ̨һĲ
֮ɫ˼ȴٴεԹԵ
ܿң񣬴˿ȴҲվڶڣĬĬĿŶ档
ѾҹˣһŵĽϵĴڶƽ̨֮ϣǽɳһ㣬ķɽڿзţɷǺÿ
ֻǣЩȴûʲôĽγɵĽѡ
׻Ȼ֪ʱڷɿţֻŬţŬҪ⽣̺ɽĽͽƣѡ
ַֻ磬ܽ뵽Ԫľ磬һ̤ľ磬Ѿͬڣ̤ߵľ硣
һ̣ײ֪ʱ˶ãƺЩãƺûжãģ
ڹؼļϵķ棬һ٣ǿʼ
ͷһѪڣɫҲ漴һ䣬˫۶ʱЩ졣
һ̣ײž壬ΪЩʹԭЩصƣ˱ҡ
̺ɽƣһң֪
һ̣ҲЩƿصѾȫ޷ģԭڵ֮Уʱʼɢˡ
ۡ
ͬʯһ㣬һ˲䣬ɫһ԰ףʱһںѪѾܵСĴ
һ̣Ȼ䣬ƺָܵڲǬָڵĿռ֮еöɫӣЩĺۼ
ǬָڲһƬ׸оʲôǻܷŶȥģֻǷŽȥˣʱȡѣϾûԪҲûвνʶʶôȻС
׶ЩȻףʱ뵽壬ײ֪ΪΣȻ뵽һ˲䣬ߣԼԼ״̬
֮ǰƺûԼ֪һôߣҲ֪ԷµһˣǶԷԼ
һ˼һŵЦݣƺöͷѡ
ǣ˺Ϊһ˵ʱȴȫһ˵Ը
ûʲôνķѣҲûʲôνġʡʵһˡ
һ̣뷨뵽׵ľ硣
ܣľ磬ûж˵ףȴҲܲ²⵽֡
ߣԺ壬֮磬ǱѾ壿壿ǣԶԶĳԽ־磿
޷֪һ̣ȴ˼һˣˣս˾ܣеɼ˲徳磬׵ؾ֮ġġľ磡
ȻģôٶˣǲܵĸţǲСѾ֪֣ʵԼԼ塯뷨
ΪģԲܵţ
Ϊģԣܵţ
ٴһʱ
ȫɢԼеκ뷨һ˲䣬Ҳȫķſ˽ȻԼģȫƽ
֮ˣαô⣬֮ˣֺαôִž磿
һžʱ򣬷³ˣԼʱҪӮʱʵϣ䡣
̬һľһҲͲһˡ
ģδ䣻ӮģҲδػӮ
һ̣׺Ȼ˺ܶ࣬ף͸ֲͬһ¡
˶ڽƿأȫŰĽǷ
ھ磬һ˲ٴαңȫ뱩֮󣬷ƽĬĬĻص˵֮
Ԫ֮磬ʼ˳
Ľһķŵۺڷת֮Уǿٶȣֱʹõ֮γһССɫ㡣
ɫ㣬ǽԪ֮ԪһһݶֱתΪ߽Ԫʹ
ﵽھ磬漴һ̣׺Ȼоģƺꡱһˡ
֮磬Ҳһ̣ͻˡ
ﵽľ֮ۺĽɫôĴۣôͻأĺȻͳ׵ߡ
һ̣׵ѪЧһεıӳڶʱ˹һ˲䣬һ㣬Ԫ֮ĽԪϵ׳


132 ͻ֮
ȵƺȫĽÿһļ͸һ̣зսףеĿںϵƤڲսڲҲһ˲͸ڣϵ޸ڵ
ϵ·Ѿ˹͵˲䣬ȫը˿γм׷ɶɢ
յͨļ⣬һĲţһ˿˿Ѫ͸͸սף͸Ȼսϵɢʧڿռ֮С
⣬ƺһδḶ̣́˵һʮֵʹࡣ
׵ĲţڵǼȵĻһ㣬֮Ǵεʹ࣬ǿ˲ֹٱ
㼫˵ʹ࣬ںȫĸйһͷʹĸоǿҵ衣
ȫѾͨ죬ĵطзսױ֮⣬طͬƤһ㣬͸͸ġ
Ƥϣͬûдսһ㣬սеԣ֪ʲôʱʲôطת䡣
ͨһƬЩϣǱպˮʱļֲֿܻ֮İһ㡣
¶ȣʹ׵Щʹ࣬Ĺ׵־Ȼȥ
Ȼʹ࣬ǲзսϲʱȴڼʱܻжȥֵȣʹײʹ֮С
ǿ֮£֮תŵĽڿʼۺȻ󲻶ϵĻۣγһŲתŵҺ̬ˮһĶ
ھԵ֮£Һ̬һĶϵѭתž޴𽥵ıӴ
ˮӴÿһֱʱĽ㱻ӻһգһ̣׶ʱҲ֪Ϊʲô֮ѣΪҪʵ̫Ӵ
ʵĹԪѾ޼ȫƵġ
Ԫֻǽѣǽת˽ԪȻܱ䡣
ĻҪͻҲѡ
һ󲿷ֵĻ˽Ԫ֮ϣʵĵʱҪҲЩˡ
ǵ׵ǲġ
ʹһıСɢһȵռܣʱʹÿռһġڡ죬ƺΪ¶ȼߣεȼһ㡣
磬Ȼ޷棬ȴѾ˲ĸµ¶Ҳıؾ̣֮ҲףֻԶԣ̣ڻҪǿҼ֣ԣڳܵʹ෽棬ҲȻǿֲ֡
ʱţһһڲŵ£ʹǽ̺ɽ֮ȻͨĹԪһۣʹýԪ
ǻģһֻ룬Ҫһˮʢһ㡣
ǲܣֻʱ䣬̫ˡ
ȴûо鷳Ԫһٽ㣬ڣϸãԺҪˮʵʰĽģѶȣ֪ңһ㾳ãľ磬ӵѣ
ԣȻʹԼȫȻһδεͷų콣⣬ݶ̺ɽ֮ʽȻһδεʹԪˮһ׳
ڼ˵ʹ֮Уһһεظż򵥵Ķһ㾳磬ҪĲѶȣﵽ֮Ҫıǲϵļ֣ýԪõõĹԪȻΪһĽľ磬»
ֻ˵һ㣬׻ȫⲿȻľ磬㾳磬ǿȫķǰļؾ赣ġ
ʱţһԪľ磬ױ˽¡
¼䣬ȻԲȣľʹ֮Уǲзսṩ׺޹ǵȥ
⸽ǱȽϷḻģ˵ûвзսףҲ¡
ڼ䣬ңܿÿΣȻԼҲضӣƺ˴̼ʱҲ
ǣÿֻĬĬϼʱȻ㲻֪ȥ


Ʈţǽһ㣬ƽɫģ⡣
Ͽȣýˮȴ䲻Ȼﲼһ˲õĴ
Ѿ֪ˣȴǶû롣
£ɫһʢԵЩׯϣЩʥࡣ
׵ߵʱ׵ģѾȫĲ֪ȥ
ģԼ֪ںη
֮УֻĶţóĳʹ࣬ӿʼĲҵмľĵĮʹת䣬ҲԤʾʵľ
ڴﵽ˹ԪĩڣҲȫת˽Ԫ֮һ̣ظ
һ̣ﵽ⾳ھص۷״̬֮󣬸и֣ʱƽĽƺķ˻ڣҲѪӿ
һ㶣ʱдϲѾףʵҲҪʼͻˡ
ͱʵƺһһ㣬һ־ʵһ־
£ﵽ˽⾳۷壬ڣľ磬Ҳͻˡ
ͻƣǱȻԣһû̵ǽڵ֮ˮηתĽתΪֱӵתΪԪ
ΪѾԪһΣʵϱѾɾһתΪԪḶ́һȻȫ棬ӵϵͳȴҲѡ
ܿ죬ױо𽥵ʢ״̬ˣǴ˿̣Ȼ費
һԪһתԪ׵壬Ҳ𽥵ӯԭͨͬһļҲڿʼĽ¶ȣʼ
ɫȫʢ֮ɢŵĽ⣬𽥵ľۺϳΪһ壬׵ͷ̻Ȼ𽥵û׵ڡ
һ̣ȫһŽ𽥵ڣȫԭ˻ȵ壬ȴǱޱȪڳϴһ㣡
ʱ׳ָܵȫÿһϸڼٵԼڿٵıû
״̬ʹ׸оʶӿʼֱȽ״̬һ˾˵״̬
ͺǰһ㣬һȻȴûһиУ˿̣ȴǸоԼʶѾǿˣƺһۣʶĸܵߵһУܵ鶯ܵռĸﳱʪǿռ߷ꡣ
ĸоֱӴһ˵ĸоһ֡񡯵ĸоһ֣ԭȻζɫʵĸо
һ̣׹ʱȫ֪ʱѾûȵĸо֮ҲһŻһ㣬
˼һʶʱƺ˵һ㣬ǰɳֳһİɫĿռ
ɫĿռ䣬޴ڲתţ棬ȴǰһ棬һǿֲĻ档
׵ĸֱ֪Ӵ͸ֲĻʱܸо֮еԪ¶ȣȫԭľ磬ڽɫ֮󣬱㻯߹ĵطһ·޸ϸǻ䣬֮ǰǿٱҲٱ
һ̾˳Լʶ֮ǰʱ
չվ֪һ̣ԼѾ̤澳ˡ
ǰڣͻˡ
Ѷû֮еôȴҲʮףȻʹ֮⣬̣ûرĸо
֪һ״̬ٶȷʵ̫ࡣ
ȻǲǶãױ㲻ö֪ˡ
磬еҰ㲻һˡ
̧ͷԶԨһƬˣԱȽ
ʶһ̣ҲǿЩ̬ŷǳԶľ룬׶ʮĿۼ
ھŲ㣬һ̣Ҳ˳ﵽ۷壬֮ĶѾȫͱ˵ԪͬˣһԽڶأ֮ⶫΪκԵķɽĽġ
һ㿪ʼԼɷɽˣ
һ̣׺˷ܡ
ֻǣ뵽һʱ׺Ȼһͣ⿴˿ͬн֣Ҳ΢΢һЦ֪֮ʵˡ
˿ԶӣԼװ׼ں֮ϴһ֮ٺսһ


133 Ǭеı
ʵѾˡ
ĿǰûпʵѾڣĿ澳硣
վ˸ʱȫĹͷסžһ죬ȫǹͷһĿֲ
ϵսףһʱĺųȻ󣬺ɫĶ֮ʱɢ˿С
һεԼ֪˹ãǴΧ¶ȸоһ£ױֻ֪ǹ˺üˡ
˼꣬仯²棬ѾϤˣһţֻǲ£
и̾ţȻ££Ժ뵽ԪӤǶȽ٣Щأһǧֻ̫꣬Ϊˡ
ͨɾһֵѶȣ׿֪Ѷȣ
ǧ꣬ͻĵһѣⲢʺ֮ѣ
ȻΪԼǿ̫࣬ȴҲ֪Ҫһǧڣ˵κߣǻЦġ
ȻУһֳɾḶ́һǧ꣬򵽶ٺ纣
⣬ȳ˵ζЦȫ췽ҹ̷ʵġ
ҲֻˣϢһʱ䣬ʵȻһٳ龳磡
ϾһڣҩЧͻԽԽСԣõĻᣬǰһɲ̷Ȼһǿͻơ
ֻǣ֮ǰͻؾ磬ٽҲƣУϢȻ״̬õʱһٴͻơ
뵽ͻƣ׾õ֮ĶĽı֮
һѰ֮·ĵȫиԵ֮ͬһ㣬ô⣬ôƽ
ĵɲͬڲŲҲȫĲͬ
ֲͬײƵһĶʱ򣬱Ѿ˽ص㡣

ʶ׵ʶȫȻĳһȥӦ
ͽ֮ʵĲͬ
ˣΣգУνĵУ濴һֳǰʶ
߿ΣУȴ֮У޵ķŴһЩʵ֮ˣǰ㵽ѣǽΣʶŴĽ
ţȴǳŶɽȥ
ڣ˿Ҳţߵӯ֮ӺȳƣϢ˫Ŀϣŵĺ⣬ԭʮֲϵ˿ȴʮһ㣬ü˵Ӣ
һźǷв˼ţȻѾǰڵľ磬ˣٿ˵ϻͯˡ
׶࿴һۣ㳯Ŷȥ
˿̣ҲߣңܿҲ֪ȥԭǼں֮Уѯ֮û춯н뺮֮ϴ
ȡзսףѾȫշˣΪԪҲڴǬָЧ
һзս׶ʱѪ֮С
׳壬⺮֮Уʱ̹ǵĸоȫһ˸Ҫһ㣬Ǽ˵
⺮أȻһõطҩˮ伫ã޸ϵˣϴҲһһǿЧ
һϴ壬һеĸܵԼʵһ̣ʵͬʱҲоֱƺڳȡ⺮ص
΢΢һױҲȻΪԣٵ˻Ѫ嶾⻹ǱĳĶ屾ʵʱ嶾ԪƺҲͬʱһ㡣
Ԫ㣬⺮أƺպֲһ㡣
ϸĸ۵ԪĹĶ̣ǿĸоڣϼһȫһУֻݲסɣ
˼ţֱ̹ǵĸоȻоһ׵ģȫķ


³һһ־Υ鶯ĸоļ䣬һ̣׷֣Լһ˿ߵ̬ˡ
׵Щ飬ƺΪʵɱ䣬ȫıõˣȴǼǵãɣɵ֮󣬱Ҫٴȥ档
ֻˣ֪ԼүүһĻ֮ˣȻ߲֣ٲ֣ҲΪʲôԡ
һ̣Ѿƣе飬ҲѾȫˡ
ں֮У׺ʵԼʶֵָ̽˹ȥʱǬָ׵ʶ֮£ȫı¶˱Ŀ
һö͸ɫָǽնΣȻ۳һԲһģֻͣߣʮֵĶԳơ
ţָԳĽɫȻһ֮£ָ㱻ָ¶˳˸ŵĽɫ
Ľָ˿̵Ǻ͵ϵĳЩָģֻ࣬ǶеԣȴһĽָԱġ
Уһ⣬Ĵݵָϣ⵭תȫ⺮صĺ໥ϣȫһˬ
ָȻƷǺƷȣҪӵ󣬱Ͼռ䷨Ҫƣʵ̫ˡ
ڤһԪӤڵĸ֣ûսףôһƷָɼߵ磬ⷨǶôѵá
ʶһʱͶָ֮С
ȻԪʶ֮ױѾоĿռĹֻΪûʶĹߣԵñȽϵĻ谵
ռ䣬ȻǾŸ״Сߣһ󣬲ûΪʵĽҲûʲôЧһĿռ䡣
ʶһ̽׷ָ֣ռ䣬ֻһյĿռشƺһͬĲ棬ǱĿռһ㣬ʮֵĹ졣
Ƭ̣׺Ȼ뵽嶾֮ٳͳͳСˣȻͨ뵽ǰĲ֪ʶ뵽һ֡һһ磬һҶһᡯԭҲǣССĽָ֮УɵǺСĿռ䣬ֻⷨΪĳԵĹܣСȻ󽫳Ķԭ
룬׾ñȵڵռ䣬ҪĶࡣ
Ͼǰоѧʱ֪ԭ֮УԭӱԭӺ˵ȣ൱ڵƹȣռ䣬пյģ
һڲӰԭʱͨĳַڲĿռ䣬СµĿռ䣬Ӧռ䷨ԭɣ
˼ţ뵽ƵǬʱҲ
ײûмеĲ쿴Ǭָ֮ʲôΪ£ż
·ɨӶȥ׵ģȻ΢΢һ
Ȼ֪ڤǰΣ׶ԵļԷɱԪӤ֣ǽ˵ĶҲֻҵɣ
Ǭָ棬ܺ龧Ө͸ľʯӦñǴ˵֮ޱȵԪʯ
ֻǣóһпˣ׿Ц
ⶫǷޱȣһŰƴСã飬ֻ¾ûˣ
кǲޣϸһԪʯֻŲǧ˲Σ׿ĿЦҲŭڤҲ̫˰ɣ㶫
ŭţȻ洫˵춯ȻѾ˳˹
һзս׶ʱϡ
һ̣ȴǵɴ۾ſˮĶŵԪʯ
Сӣ㣬ⶫģô𾪺Ϳȣ˸Ķ׵Ŀ⣬ƺ޲óһ㡣
һͣϼһʲôⶫһ飬˸ҵģΣҪô
޳ܵϼһѾϰĸԣڴ򶷼֮󣬱ֱӳƺϼһˡ
۾һɣȻˮֱȴεⶫȻǰģ㻹պõΪãȻ͵йԨǿֻҪˣƷԪʯܶסԪӤֿһǧԪᾧ
۾Ҳһɣд˵ʲôԪӤֿһǧꣿ
˼ı˳ʱҲһֹòԼ׬ˣ
ŭСӣ޵㾳磬ʲôҲҲգһ򣬷ܿѾͷҲ֪ˣԼưɣҲˣʵ̫ջˣ̲סģ
ӺǲޣôõĶȻҲСУˣҲͬܿһռ䣬ԪӤڸֲʵֻԡ
׽ӹӶԪ֮һ󷭹͸룬һ׹ʱֱ͸üģһӦʱ֪һЩʶ
ԭԪʯΪԪԪԪʯᾧ
һƷʵԪʯ൱һͨھ߿һǧԪһƷԪʯ൱һͨԪӤ߿һǧԪһöƷԪʯ൱һͨھ߿һǧԪһöƷԪʯ൱һͨȽߣް˰ҵԪ
˽⵽㣬ͷҲǿԪʯԼ֮еģȫĲͬ󣬶ü
һۻǧֻ꣬Ҳۻ˶٣Ԫʯʮʱ䲻գܴﵽһǧ޵Чֲٶȣ𾪣
Ȼÿ˶ǿʵǼǻһգȴҲֵϱҹͣһǧ꣬⣬׾ϲ
ȱȱıǱɵԪԪʯȴ׵ģ׵˷ܵĲˣ
ͨڲĴϢױҲȫ֪ˣ澳磬ֻżѣȻ澳磬ľ磬ȴǴ鿪ʼġ
鿪ʼĶںϡ𵤡ԪԪӤϡ񡢺塢ɽ١ʮһؾ磬ÿһأǰںͺ֮֡
д˿̺ˬ죬֪Ԫʯ֪ԪʯҲ̽Ԫʯָ֮УָֽϢָ֮С
һЩ֪ʶҲ˽һЩһӦȴԼƺû뿪Զ
˿̣ܲսҲŨԪƺҲȫﵽ˱ͣ㵱ϼһȹ
˵գ׶ʱ˺أзսһ˲תһͨİɫһзսʱ㱻
һз罣ʱУˣıʹӰڶ


134 ʮĿ񱩹
Ӱֻ㣬ÿһ㣬ֲֲ֮ϣѭȥһֵĿԣȫɼԣһ֮£ӰǼõ
һ㣬ֻӰ١Ӱ򡢻ӰԾֲ
ڶ㣬ֲӰ١Ӱ򡢲ӰԾֲ
㣬Ӱ١ӰӰԾֲ
Ӱֻ۵֮Ӱ˲עƬ̱ɢӰȴܳһʱ䣬мƣȻۣͬӰȴҪۣһʱڣ۶ɢܹͳһĳ
Ӱڶأ˵ֻҪۣ临ӳ̶ȣԲһ湦
״˿̺εȼʶϸһ˼Ѿ˼еĹؼ˵ۣ֮ȴǳΪʵʰˣѾﵽԪĵزȻôǿңȷʵЧ
ϸӵаԱ仯ⲽڶأ״˿ãޱȵ⡣
ҪԪʹĲѹ֮ǰһֱ޷óԭˣⲽȻҲͬһ㣡΢΢һЦ˵
Ųз罣ӰһٱѾʹӰ٣ʱһʵʰĲӰƺһ˲䣬һŵһ㡣
ԼĸӦ֮£ҲȻãĹʵЩ˼
ЩӰ޵۾ĻþʵڵģһܳһĹȻ϶Чôǿ
׽²ȳĲЩ죬ȻԼ⣬ô죬Щûһ̶ȣҲ޷ģֻҪٶܼӿ죬ô߶νġ
̬֮£һٱٵĳڲɽٴεɽĶڡ
Ƭֻ֣һһŲӰͬڿռγһһ㣬ʮֵѤ
ʵһӰ֮УױѾͱڶƽ̨ϡ
ӳĺܿ죬кսˣȴǲûᡣ
ײĵĸ˹ҲļٺһЦ˵СӣҪ㲻׼񻯻࣡ȻûĴ򣡡
֪׵ĵϸһԷ񻯣ֻбŰķݣ񻯣ԷǰڵʵȻǲµġ
ֻǣȻŪһӰӰһ沿Գ˼˵ľ
Сӣȼʲôϵ
ʲôʲôϵϼһ˵ʲôҲһ㶣ڷʵ
һͣȻЩɵۣȴ㶵ɲȼӰôҲѧģˣҼǧǰʱʵǿ١
ӰȼĹҲһŻȻ˵ѹֿӰڶضòⶫȻ湦ѹôǿܽŪݵٶȺʵЧĲӰҲ
ȻСӣⶫ˲ð֪͵ѧģǣҪҲڸͽɣն಻ѹо˸
ȴǵ˵ͷҲգ⹦ҲԼģӱģû뵽Ĺ㣬ܿˣǱǡ
Сӣ˵ģǲ˼顣
Ȼģϼһûƨ˰ɣսԣ׺ٺһЦһʱз罣ɵϡ
һзս׵ر
һֻ̣ԽĽ⾿жǿ
ûʹýԪ֮ԪһҲûпһؿ񻯣Ҳûжòзս׵
һ̣ױˮ׼ս
ãɣӵ۾һȵ
ӱҲһսӣ˿еսҺսѸٵͻƣ֮ãֻЩ׵ĿֲɱҪƣȻӻ滳ɣԼ᲻ᱻһвɹͷˡ
ʵҲûʲôһֵ֮ڵ湦͵ǿãýȴóΪɽǿ
ף˿Ȼؾ磬ױʮǿķɽһǰԽ֮棬һǿ˵ã
֮£͵״̬ȴǲû֣֤ˮ׼ȫһ
׽һеƺҪ۳ɽĵĵˮ򣬶ʱĿֲ⡣
һ̣һȣʱԪ
ԪͽԪͬ
ԪһֻֽǵһԹĽԪΪһɱУ˵ǿ
Ԫȴżǰ漸سɾ͵һȫɱУȻҲԳΪһָɱУȴǱȹԪȫ棬Ҳǿ󼸷֡
˵ԪǽھŲ۷幥ôԪǽǰŲ㹥ۺϹ
ԣһ˲䣬һɫĽʱͷһϰ׵鹥ʽͷһɱͷѾпգȻ˲䣬ıܣǿжԿһС
Ӳ϶㣬֪Էǿ޽ڽƿأʵ̫ھˣܶȥ
ԹԽս˿ûܡ
һӿԪ֮ӵĽϣһ£ͬļʽͬĴžƣȻ˲䣬ݺݵһ

һ̣ԭӦñըĿռ䣬Ȼγһ޴Уһ˲䣬ûбըǼٵתţӷԪ֮ȫתһ𣬻һȻٴӳȥ
һ˲ܿȻ͵һĳ
Ԫ쳣һƺ֮󣬶ʱ˾ıը
䡪
ɣƽ̨ˣƽ̨ͱϣľʯȻƽ̨ϣƽ̨
׺վƽ̨ϣЩʯĿĶŶԷ
СӣʲôУʵ̫ɶˣŭ
ϼһٽǿһаɣҲ񻯣ֻһ㣡׳˵˫Ŀȴ˷ܵĶӡ
Ѫڣãֻ׼һؿ񻯣׼֣
˵仰ҲеĽţɫҲȫ
ȻҲ֪һУֻǺǾˡ
ƽ̨ľ޴󶯾ʱǡ
һɫӰһʱǱңܿѾվ֮ϵա
ԭмֵǵ񣬼ںӳֺȻĴ˸ǷӰһѾɽ֮Сƽ̨ϣŶ׵ս
˿̣һһؿ״̬Ȼһзս׵
ϽھŲĽԪ𺳹ͽԪʮڽԪ֮УôԪͲзս׵һӵģǶʮĹ
ټɱǿ󹥻;ԵİԾٶȣӰڶĸţ׾ţ֣˿̣ӳԸ
㾳磬ֻҪ겻𣬲ƵˣҲںʲôӡ
ٺһЦ˲з罣һ˲佣ӿֱӵʹ˽ռɱУԪ
ԪһռʱһȻһĶ˲˳ȥ
ԭĽȻһеĽʱģıпգ˿Ȼ类׺һһ㣡
䣡
ۻ軨пնпհһƬ
һ̣ҲȫȻ֪ˣ˫ãȻ
עˣһȣӵĳ٣׶Ч⣬ӰڶأӰ٣ʱʹ
ӰһȻ׺ѣȴǸܣҲܵˣ
һ̣һҧĵһ龳磬滹СӲɣҾӲһΣôӮң
һ룬һᣬսԪ֮ȵķֻΪֵǿƵһС
һؿ񻯣ʵٳ֮ǰеĹ20㹥ʱԳ60
ײţؾĲ࣬ʮϿ񱩵Ĺκβôͷӣ
дӲһ֣ĵ⡣


135 ֮
з罣ϱһŴ۵Ĺâһ̣ѾֻȫԪֿȻһ
˲䣬׵ԼҪһУѣ
ս֮䣬ȴû˿иңҲи
ԣҲսսӣҲӲɾ裬ȻǰΣܻУܻøĽ
˿̣ȫۼʵʱ׵ģݺݵһ
һĸоС
һ̣׺Ȼ׵˵ʲô
Ȼ׵еĳ֮УԽǲپԾƣȻ״̬£ѾŨǿ󣬵һ˲䲶׽ǿиɵơ
ȥһǱĥôԽԵʧܣ
һ׶ʱ׵ԼΪʲôûоľˣ˱Ƚϲ֮⣬ԭǱǣԣѾںˡ
ƽȴǻָǰĲ̬ȻӵĻ𽥵ıÿԽܣ֮ûѹֵ̬ȴʹðԽʧȥơ
û˵ֺҲûּĸԣ͸֮䣬ǣѾĥµ𽥵Ĺ⻬ƺܲƺǺгһɲǵĲЭʹ˲ʶһС
ûм𣬱ûдﵽļ֮磬ҪԺʰȡһУҲ֪£ȷʵķ
ǵģ
ȻһΪ˽Ϊ˽ϲһеˣ
˿ǰӣ׶ʱһһ˿ĹâΥƣȻ䱩
ԭֵĲз罣һٺȻԾ֮ϡ
ŽԪһʹɱһ̣׵ĺš
ʱɱھԵٶ֮£һ˲֮նʮལŹԪһٺݺݺӽ֮ϡ
͡
˸ȻԪ֮Ǿ޴ײȻʹӴĲ֣ȫŤӵĽȫŤ˸۵Ļǡ
һ̣ȫҲǾ޲һ֮£˲ĵ˳ȥ
ڿУɫҲһĲҰףһڵѪȻ¡
ǿһۣϲޱӰһѾӱ˻
ܴһӾǳ࣬٣ˡ
ȻˣһϢ֮Ҳӵ³ѪСӣʵǿˣԺ󣬵˺ˣȹʱɲÿ񻯣
ȻˣһΣȴǸоԼƺֶථ˺ܶࡣ
һֻ̣ĮȻŽɫվƽ̨֮ϣƺڲʲôһ
ƣ⡣
һ̣жЩ𺳣죬һĵ·ǰ
ټܿ˴ȥֻǾԵ飬Ҳ嵭
ԽǾ֮֮ԼڽΪɷɽʵ֮ǰӴ̫ˣɾ̫ǣ
һ̣ˣڶΪʲôɱңˮˣΪһٳȥҪɱģѾֹһңˮˣǸˣ

³һһۣƺѾס
׵˵ͷ˿ӣû˵
ûдӦҲûвӦ
⾳磬ûΪһεĶ򣬶֮磬Ƕ׶ԣһУѾҪˡ
о·Ǭָ֮еƿһʱƿС
˿ƿֿ˿ԼǺӡܿңĬĬߵƽ̨м䣬Ȼƽ
ʶ𽥵ƽȻӦڵˮ壬һ̣У˵Խĸо
ǵģ
ĸоֻˡ
塢ˣͽһĸоֻˣ
һ̣侲䵭ģҲٴεļ˫ƽȴǴŵɭĹâ°ĸоҲһС
һ̣Լ׷
ģȻִŵģִţ
һ̣׵У֮ˮ飬Ȼһը˿
׹ⶸȻһˣҲһ˲ƺü˵ײˣ
ˣһ׺ݵĽڵ֮ˮʱһ˵֮
һԪĽ˵ǾĽԪĽģ
ǵģһ̣ͻˣһԼĽ⣬ģڳˣ
һھ磬ʼѿʹһ˲ﵽ˼£ףȴüͷһ£Ĳû¶һ֣
⣬Ǽ־
˿̣Ԫ磬ѾȫĲˣԪĴŰԪɢңӲ
ĮȻһУ岻Լһ㣬ʱһεǿ޽
ǵģɹˣȴȻ
ľ磬һ㣬ڶ㣬ǽνѾĽ֮Ԫˣ⽣ԪȴǼ˵ǿģ
˿̣ҲѾԺ˵Լǿ󹥻ķɽѾ뽣ˣĽ
ֻǣ˿Ϊģ˿ȫıˣ򵽽İ֮ף㲻ܲκζӶǱĽ
ĳɣʶۡ
ľһױѾг龳ʵֻǴ˿̣ûҪ׷󾳽磬ֻǿһżģҪģȫɣ
ľ磬˼壬Ľ֮ġ
ڲһŽģһƿнĽĵģ
׳ڵϣɫһƬ
棬ңܿһۣЦһȴǾû˵
˾ʶ֮УǸͰ׵ףѾٴεʧˣٴεĻص˴ǰص˴ǰǸ̿ϡ
ȻΣȴҲᣬΪһýħɱԼİŮӵĽضҲһ̵ֺܲĽ
ʱԶԼˣ֮УȴΪ˲Ժ˺
Ȼһ㣬ܿңΪܣʱţʱĿ£Ҳûʲô̫ܵ顣
˺⡣
ǺӣȴĿףûг
ģԭӦһѵ㣬ףȴ׵͸֮ͻˣȻһʱȶʹ࣬ǿе
һ̣̣һͳʢװƿ
һգƿϵķǣʱһŽɫĽ𵤣еķȻɢŵ뵹â
𵤣𽥵УƺʮֲԸ˫ĿĹ㣬ڻĴ֡
΢΢Щ𺳣ȴһ󣬽УȻһУȥ
ڼһڣʱڣٵ
ֻƬ̣ͬһ㣬ܵȼ
һƬ̵ķ̶ȣ侲Ҳһ
׵ңϵĽ֮ǣڻľ硣
һǣ֮У֮УϵĽԪ۳ɽģױʵȴҲڼٵš
͡
ȫǧݺύʹгűĸоһ㣡
Ȼʵǿ֮
г˼ȴȻ侲ҲԭѾ𲻿ľ磬Ľ뵤֮תΪģᣬҲľ
ʵҲͬľ磬ȴǲһʹñʵ
ľ磬൱ǰڵľ硣
ȴûдﵽľҪû㾳ĸ񣬽ͽĵתϵűʵϵţڸоԼĽ
˽ģһĹ֮֮̽󣬽ıڵһ㣬ȻѾ֣ǱϾڵԪһԽԪ֮ĻԪǿֻ磬ûͻεķġ
׶ԣôΪҪ
ĬĬţ׾һŬһٳ龳磡


136 ǰ
飬ѶȺܴ
Ϊ֮ѶڵһλģȻô򵥡
ϸ˵֪еѶȵģΪ֪Ҫ㣬ʮѣ
һʶʶת䣻Ԫ׵ڵϴ裬ĳɾ֮
ǵģ֮壬Ϊν壬ֻ壬ʱ򣬲ֱӵɾ
⣬Ѷȵڵĵط
һ棬ʶʶתɱ䣬ȫһ˿Գܵģߣڴ˵ֹΪʶʶתһûһֱӱ
ܼǿͦ⼫˵ʹ࣬ʶתʶĹ֮УյһϮϯղģؽʶɢȻȫķΪһ׳հķˣڱҡ
ûзת֮ʶȶɢΪأҲᷢɣ㣬ҲѲ˲³
⻹ֻһ棬һ屻´ɱΪ̣֮Ҫı屾ȫܣͬڽȫһΣеʹ֪࣬
ңʹʱ򣬻Ҫ㹻֧ţǲ;㣬ôѪ֮Ϊֻأֱӱը˺ֻ꣬ػᣬûС
һ飬ûоԵİգû˻ðȻ磬ټҪĴҪܵĴʹ࣬ʹ蹵ҪԽѶȼ
ͨӸ֪˲ֳʶЩҲ˽⡣
Ҳ֪ðȻ龳磬ЩѶȣ˽ģѾ춨龳Ļ׵Ҳûʲô֮ǡ
ڼ˿͵ڽת֮⣬ȫۼ׵ľ֮
ҪµĴ壬벻𣬶˵ν
סһԪסһ˿ִȻſʶֱͶ뽣֮
͡
Ȼǵһ̣ʶȴǿԸ֪ġ
ɫĹâڽıԵţɢǿΣ֮ǿֲתһѶѵĽȫ棬Ȼʧ
һ̣һľ̺ԶԶıҪǿö࣬ڣûԼ£ԽԽ񱩣ڻͱըļ
㣬ǱըˣǾǡ֮ˡ
ͷһ˲䣬ݶֵ嶾Ԫ
㣬嶾֮Ѫתȫʱǽһ𣬻ţΪԳһؿ״̬һ͵ĸо𽥵ĵȥ
֮⣬ȵֹһε£ϵĴѪͼ
⣬ڰɫƤ϶֮УѪ˿ͺɫʣһĴ˳Ȼ󱻲зս׸ų⡣
һδεĴǿľ¶ȣճɿ¶ȣһĴԼ壬˿ûһü
һΣΪȻ㣬ǲ˶ٿѡ
͡
ϵ𽥵ԽԽˣƤҲӵͨ죬ڣͻڵһɲǣʹ֮٣
ڼŬסֻһξҪʧˣ
ҩЧǿӣٶȣһҪ죬һҩЧķӣôԽǱĽ֣
ײǲ֣һٶȻҩЧ϶Ǳɣ
һһ˿ǿԵĽԼʶ֮
״˿޷Լ꣬Ҳ֪ʶ꣬ǣģʶڱ֣
ԣŬ뽫Լǣ֮УֻҪܹںϣôĽɷɽָտɴ
̵ֻȻǺ뵱ȻģʶٽģȴǴ͸ܽӰ죬һ̣ڵƸӵĿˡ
͡
ϵƤʼ͵ĳֱѣֲֿѪۣ˲䣬һ֮䣬ָֻȻֻѳӿֲ˿ڣ
㣬ϵķ֮󣬺һΣǰһθӵĿֲ
ֻҪȥ֪Ǽ˵Ĳģ
ڡ
ȫļάͷ·˺Ϊֱߵĸ˿һ㣬ϱѱϣȻ嶾֮Ѫͽɫ֮ٴλָӶøӵǿֻʹ̣ʹӣݺݵıϵĺ飬ҲϵĹ
ڿʼɱ䣬㹻׵ļɱһΣһαһθӵǿ֣
׵ĵ֮Уǰɫˮ򲻶תţشγһֲĺڶһĺڵ㣬Ľɫ嶾֮ѪҲ뵽׵λ֮Уϵļ⡢ǲϱţҲڲϵɱţ
ֲٶȣֲ֮һ̣ԽԽӽյıԵһʱٴο񻯣
ϡ
񻯣
嶸Ȼ䱩ֹһ̣зսͱ仯еı仯
һ̣ȫһεըͬʱӴ嶾ԪҲ׵ĺͽɫںһЧһ̣ƺҵйһ㣬ıڳ¡
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡
һ˲䣬ȴĬĬĳ
һ̣ȫ£鲼˺ɫѪ˿ģȴǸᡣ
һ̣ͬ񻯣һ˲ﵽڡ
ʼҪˡ
龳磬޷ȾһʶתʶתΪ塣
˵֮׷ĴݶĵתʱĽģҲȫĿʼȶ˵ڶĽ硣
֮ãǡø״Ļᡣ
һſ񻯵δָһεĴ˹ʱԺ֮УҲ𽥵
⣬nḶ́ȵʶۣʹоʶγʶ
һ㣬ףıһ˿ѣȻֱȵ֮С
䣡
͵һȺ׵ģֻڲȴûбӰ쵽ʲô
ȻȻ걻յʹ࣬һ̣ײףÿһҪĿѣԶ

ʱţʹ֮ľֻǸ֪Žһ׳󣬶ٷϡ
ײںڻ֮жʧʲô䣬ΪܶණѾȥǲȥ⡣
̬ڴ֮Уʼգ˳֮
ȵ˺ܾãһķ˽ӽȫĹЧ嶾֮ѪҲȫĺ׵ںϵһˡ
嶾֮Ѫ˿ѾںϽ˽֮УʶһݶģױֲͬĹ
ľ磬ھ磬˵оϲಢǺܴ󣬳ʶӵһЩŸǿһЩ֮⣬ûʲôĸо
Ҳ֪ʱ˶ã֪Ѿͻˡ
ͻƵǰڵľ磬ȫĳΪһˡ
ʶһʱ嶾֮Ѫص֮У׵ָ̬˱ģ
ڿ״̬ҲֻһҵѣѾԵôˡ
´֮ǿȣҲڱƽ⣬ӵƺըһ
һ̣׺ʯ׽һԼΡ
磬ﵽǰڣһؿ񻯣ûȴڵʵ񻯣ҲûȴǾڵʵ
ͨʱ׷֣ԼҲܿٵԪָ
Ҳ˵㾳磬ѾԳ״ֺ̬ܳʱˣ
վµƽ̨һĲ
˶滹վĴһˣ֪Լʱ䣬
Ŀ⿴һۣǧƺ۳һ仰
򣬿һۣʾȥһط
˼תʱ뵽˵ȡɵĵط
ǣѾ֪ԼҪ뿪ˡ


137 콣
ɣʶѾۼ˿̣ȫȻЩʶѻ壬ȴǳС
תŶȥˣ׿˿ĬĬվŵңֽܿĿͶɽ֮С
ңܿ촽Ƕ˶ȴʲôҲû˵
׽ȳӰ֮ڶأһ˲µӰӰ

ǱĽˣܿ㣬ҲŬˡңĿЩ˵
ܿ˵ͷɴȴʹһ̶˼
Ҿ֪صȥԸģֻ֮һʮĽˣҪܿ˼ȴǶ˼ְݵᡣ
ңҲȻͷ
ӣȴ񣬶һֱɵɵĶѾնƽ̨ŵĵţţѵһŰ
һǰڣԽǰڣŲĸʱ

ˣǶС磬Ҹͻ첻ȥˣ
Ӹ̾ţƺܵ˼ӴĴ
ԼҲһϵҲǻԻʮģڽϣʱ˭˲֪ӵͷֻʣҲǧ꣬ͻ龳磬Сӣͻƣͷβû˷ʲôʵ̫˲˼ˣ
ȻڻһͻƵĳ棬ӷ֣ԼƺȫĿ͸һĺˡ
ǿҲǿЩʵУʱͻ龳磬Σ޷ܡ
ܣԼԵĳԹʹ֮࣬ǰǧ꣡
֪ǿֲѶȣž̾׵ٶȡ
ⲻǿ죬̫ˣǾˣֱĨɱŵĴڵ
һ̣ӻɵɵģסš
ܿңһֲۣӵ뷨
ֻȻӱȻҲЩͬˡȴԸ׵õǿͻơ
ʦ벻ܵǽһǿ󽣵Ұ棬֮Ҳǧҡܿº͵ĳο
ңһҲ˵ǰʦ⣬ܳԿ̫࣬ǿʹ࣬ԣʦҲ̫ѹ
ӴӴ֮лָҲģģʦ˵̼ѣҲ£ȷʵ֮治У콣ħȷʵֻǧ꣬УΪ£ħ죬ųΪΪŵֻǺȴǲ֪ȥ򡭡
ţȻСǱĽǱҲ룬úŬɣȡԺܰﵽ
Ӳһ벻ˣ˵֮ҲȻˡ
Ϊ׺ȻԽ㾳Ĵ̼Ӿչˡ
ң֮ܿ󣬱ҲŬ

׵ٶȲܿǵߡ
ǵıӰƺЩ¶ԶԶģƺеįˡ
ͷһ𣬶ʱֻƺЩ˸С
оƬ̺󣬱𽥵ɢˡ
ҪֱܹЩ˸еİɡ
кƽǣȻкøкܶ࣬ǱϾԼϰԣڣҲʲô֮ơ
Ǵٴνʯ׽Ĵ֮еʱٴδʯ׽ʱȴǷ֣ʯ׽棬ƺӡ˺ǿĽƣ֮Уƺʹ
֪ΪΣ׵ģݺݵһ鴤һɼ˵ʹȻ˲䣬׺ȻоԼƺܿƵҪһ㡣
ȭͷݺݵȭĵĿǱըͷ󺧣ȴһ̣ŬʹԼ
һ˲䣬ıѾ֪־Ѿָ˹ȥļͣֻ±ǱƸȵˡ
ٿǣ֮еıΪ״̬
ŬȶŸǣԱߵĲȥ
Ǵף˺ԱߣȻźָָ
׻⣬˺֮УзսףҲʱ̿״̬ס˲˽λ
⺮֮кױеϴҲûվһߡ
Ƭ̣ת˳ȥ
Ƭ̺˽˫ְȻź֮еɫ͸Һ塣
ЩҺһ룬׶ʱоһɼ˵ĺ⿪ʼٵ͸󾪣Ȼ䣬һɼȵѸٵĴ׵ڡ
һ̣׵ĽĺȻ䱻һһȹͬʹһ˲
ֲĸоʹһʱ侪
ڶǵΣײûпȥ
֮֮һѸٵ뽣֮Уȣƺȴ޷ķֺ
ɻȴķ˵ǵģʼ̽ȥһһҺ
׺ݣȴںϵһ𣬼תΪȣתΪ䣬Ƚ棬ڽĵĺģȫںȻ󱻽ա
֮׺ȻָоƺԼֻҪݶʶܷųһ㡣
ͨڽĵڶ㾳Ĺ̼׺Ȼ׵ǣڼʵ֪Ҫ뿪ΪĶṩֱϣ
׵ģȻ䣬һȻмִǣʦѣΪдײŸҪ뿪ԶԽ֮֮˸
ʶϵۣһ̣׵ĶȻһ֮УȻһϸСĽ
˷ܣʱ𣬱ѾϨ𣬶˿̣ȫ˽߳ɣ
ֻǿֲһ̲֪ȷʵֲȴǸӵĿֲ
˲ĺк֮Ƭ̣Ƭֲ̱˻
֪ԼʹýȻˣȴҲ֪š
ȻƬ̣ϴ֮Ǳʾ׸
״ˮ󣬲зսȻתͨĳۡ
ǣٴε̨ܼ֮Уٴε˹ȥ
ȫַͬȡһɫ鼮һΣȻռıֲľ䡣
һ̣ȴƵˣЩԪӦԪֲԪ
ɣ˿ҲԾվָĵطܿļɱ¾֮Ǳٴεһɫ鼮˹
һΣȻֻ㽫ⶫڸףڸˡ
΢΢ȴѡ˽ܣȻѾҪ뿪ܶѧ㶫ϣҲȫ֣οǵһƬġ
˼ţѾеԪ⸧ðŷҳ
ҳ֮ͬͬͷֽһĹƬͬǹ׭Կϵġ
ʶһӦʱ֣Ǻ͡ɵһģһһ飬ֻּȴȫĻˡ
һɵ
ѣѣ
ҪеҪҪ
ϵһУȻ䣬ǵ⡣
ңҲѾ׵Ҫԣ
һƷսףʵһսѥͷɽֱֲͬʵзԶԶûзǿ
ңߵ磬һõķߵһ
֪ҪԣʱҲƴǣϸĶ
нһѶϢֱӽ׵Ժ֮С
һ𣬺ðŻع
ĬĬĳǵ˵ͷǻһۣһУ㾡ڲС
ɵȫԺ֮УǺⱾؼֱӵͻ˻ȥ
ð֮ǳˣȴǶһһ֪Ʒʣޱȵġһ֪ʮֳصĽ
ǡ
⽣ĵһۣ׵꣬Ϊ֮һ
⽣Ȼң꣡
׸֪⽣Ʒʣһ̣ȴǺȻ˹Ȼд֣콣


138 桤һ
źХĽ콣ʾһӦþеľ԰
׵΢΢һ֮ʶֱӸǶ˰콣ϣ콣һʱ׵С
صİ콣ͷҲмֳء
콣˿˿ĽĽⴥĺԼмָӦڣԾƣҲʹгء
콣ƣ׶Щ콣صеʱȴǾã콣ƺܺԼ˽һһ㡣
콣һ֣Ǭָ֮еĲз罣ͬܵвһ㣬Ǭָռ֮УȻҲɪɪ
㣬ױȫԼóĽۣǬָռ䣬ҲµĿռƽеģ㲻ƽеģҲнģڲĶǶٻܵӰġ
˼ţʱǬָκƣʱǸӦʱϾ˿
ŷֻҪƽʱϵıҲǿĵ˷֡
з罣һó֮԰콣з罣Ȼʼ
׷֣˿̣ʹýڰ콣ǰз罣Ǵۿۡ
ϵĸо׺ȻĿ⿴ǣĵǽ㣬콣ǲǺйأ
ʵ֪Ӧöģ׵ȴǵĻش
ֻǵ˵ͷ˿׺󣬳˳ȥƬ̺˵ڴ֮еİս
õսǲûнףֱӷ֮һ壬ʱս㵱ˮȻʧ
һ֣콣˹ȥȻһѲ֮Уʱнݺύȴ໥ûκˡ
ãǽ콣óָƽ콣Ҳһ㣬ûһˣҲûаĺۼ
Ƕױһ£֮Ȼס˰콣Ȼһʹõɱʽֻб仯ּ˵ĸӣ
˫ĿתĶǵĶÿһԼĶƣȴűʵĲͬ
г˼ȴǷɿĽеĽ
޴ݺݵĺϣ˲䣬Ͱ콣Ӵ֮ȴûͬķĽĻǣҲûм˳Ƶ죬ûпֲľը
ǽ콣ĸһ㡣
⶯ٴν콣ӸףױҲһѽס
׸֪õһĿֲԣŵĿ⣬ȻͶעϡ
ʱһɿֲĸоȻ޲ӰٺˣһӰ
ʱ͵ıһɳƵ
ˡ
޴𶯣ʹʯңһҡΣٴγͷĿѣĸооһͷǾ
Ǿ޴նɱʵľ
ʱҲףǽ㣬ڸ׾ص塣
ˣʱǣҲ˼ָм
ĬĬĿףһ̣Ҳ¶˼ֲᣬ΢΢ĬóһŽĵҩݸס
ĬĬĿǣƬֿ̣˫׽ӹöҩ
һöԪ
˵һöҩЧҪǿ󼸷֡ҲҪܶĵҩ
ͨɵ͵һϵ飬Ҳ֪ǽǻҩģԣûоܾ
ӹʵĵҩȡƿ֮֮׿ǣһǽ㣬һҡĽȥ㲻κմұ뿪
Ϊ޷ᣬҲɱǣԣҲϧ뿪
ãĳޣ֪Ҹúȥδӡ
ǽ㣬ģһģ
һգҵ˵Ľ룬һҹ֮ա
ǽ㣬Ҫˣౣأ
̬˺ͷһôϿҵ˵Լﻰ⣬ҲһΡ
ǣƺ⣬ֻǿŴ˿̵ףĬ
ǽ㣬ȻͷȴǵͷȻʮͿǱϾͷôĲ˸УôĻҲı䲻ʵ
תһ콣Ǭָ֮Уз罣˱
ȡ·зսҲȡǬָ֮֮ǣת뿪ɽ
ĬĬĿԶߣξӨˮй£һɲǼ䣬ı飬ȴͬôį
תɫӰҲܿʧ֮С
ͬһ̣̤ĲһкȻƺĳֶ˿һ㣬Щʹ
ŬͷһᣬȻ̤һˣ㲻Ҫͷ

Х֮ϣ϶
ı磬صĺХţʧȥ˵ĺӣĵĿ
ױŲз罣һͨĳվڱХ¶һֻĸоġ
˿ǰԨֿ˿£гƱҳ˵
һĿؽѾԺƽվͨĽ֮ϣȻؽˡ
Ⲣֻ֮һָĿؽѡ
ңʱ䣬Ҳֻаʱң̫
׵⣬һз罣ֱӳڽ£ͨ׵վϣգһȥ
׵ʶܸǵķΧԲǧҷΧҪˣȴҲѡ
ϾʵҾ磬ӹ׵Ѳ
һ·ѰţڼͻӥȣЩǲ׵Ҳûгɱֻ֣̽鲿Ϣ
ӭű磬ױһ·ѰţѰڵط
㣬ת֮䣬ʱ䣬Ѿȥ
ҲļÿձĴţҲϵĴԼ޿д̽Ϣ
޵ĽȻЩĵã㷽ȴȷʵʹ״̽ЩüĿ
;ѯֻɫǣ֪Ϣ֮ױ㳯һԵ¼ȥ
׼ҲԿ϶ĵطˡ
ʱױϷԶԶӦȥ׶ʱܵϢ
ϢǴ˵ġ
ȻһЦվڽϣһӰֱӳڵصǰ
֮Уһ㲻߽һɻ֮໥ţҲɻ໥͵Ϯս
Ȼˣÿ˱չصʱȻһЩ֮С󷨣λ߱ҵ
ֱӵĳǰʵѾ֪ˣڷŭ˲䣬֮󣬱Ҳ޴ķŭתΪ˲˼𾪣
㣬㣬㡪
˿һҰɫĳ˵Ǿӣֻϵ֮ɫʮֵǿҡ
㡯֣ȫĽԼĴ
վڷɽϣ
˲䣬׺˵ƣ޷еľ޴𾪡
ƱңңЩģ
׳ʵһ̣µĽѾȻĵɱ⣬һʱ䣬Ʊʱֻú
㣬ô֪
˵
һĲ˫ĿȻһ׺ݵĹâ
Ŀ⣬ֱϣһţ˶ʱҲһ
ǣǣȥȼȥҶ£֪ңֻ֪ǣǡ
Ŀһɱ⣬ȻĵĶȼıµǲѵҲ֪֮ƮѩǵıϲϺôƱҸһλᣬ˵
һȣֽ֮Ʊʱ׻ԭһ˿ֻһȣѾˡ
ʵԱȣɼ⣡
ҿԷѪģ治֪˶ΪҸɵģȷʵɹҪҵıҲ߶ħĹôˡ
ۡ
׽µķɽһ⣬ɲǼ䣬ͷն
ͷ䣬ѪˮĽ
涼Щġ
׶ԣվݳ˻вɱ֮
ңȼߺߣһ˻һӰ漴ŷɽʧ


139 Ϣ
ֱӵĽԨ
Ԩ֮ײŷ֣ԨֻԨѣ棬ȴǱж졣
ܹ㲩أܿտأĿռ䣬µ
磬ͬһ㣡
׶ʱҲˣԭνķ˽һоأ翴ɵһֶѡ
ʱҲԼֻ֪һССĲֶѡ
ܴ󣬵ȴ׵һʵﵽһĳ̶ȣ뿪磬ǰ硣
һ㣬Ӹ֮Ҳ˵һԪӤ磬ܶʱĳܿռѹ硣
ԪӤڣҲһ£磬ԣԶ
ǽԨҲûͬһô壬磬ﵽԪӤڵģָңܲҵģ˲٣Ҳˡ
ˣʵȻǿȴǺԼϵΪǡ
г˼ţȴٶȲԨȥ
̤ɽԪУУʵҲǽ𵤾磬㾳磬磬ǿĸ֣ˣҲûв۵Ϊס
ռˣϡ٣Ӵ½γĶԱȡ
һϣԿ棬ѶȺܴ
廯һ⣬ٳ
ݡһ裬һ˲ʧʡ

ʦ֣˵֮£ҪҪţһüͷֺڵüëһߣϵı飬ʮֵء
ǱԨ߲֮֮ð飬ǲۻӦһΪãɴҲ©һ꿴Щƺɣ
Ԩŵĵӡ
ԨȻ࣬ǱϾ½ʮӴҲʮСɡ
ųʦָ߼֮£Ǿ󱨣ССͽ䣬һģΣֻҪõСĽˣʮ˷ܵ˵
Ҳͷͬȴǵ͵ĻҪõźãԨ߱ңжǣⱦҪûѶȡ
߱Խ𵤾߶԰ɣ𵤶ˣôӲм
˵ţݺݵһɫҲǴ䣬ֻǣһ嶸Ȼ֣Ǹ޷ƶֺ׵ıǿֲĽסˡ
ӣɫҲǼ˵Ĳ԰ףĺ飬ʱǶͷϹ䡣
⣬ǡˡ
в֣һǲмֲŽ龳СʵƽϵģˣȴһϣȻǼ
˫ϥǲ޷Կأһ֮䣬㵱˵ϡ
ǰСģСĿʲôûУǰʲôԸСģС͸ǰá
ޱȿ־壬ֲĽ⣬˲˿ķͷƺһ̣ԼϵĽҲʹһ㡣
ӣȻûôţȴҲɫҰһƬ
ڽ֮ϣôҲƣѡ
Ͼ磬ɱҲ֮ûʵֻܱ
Ȼرǿ󣬵ԪӤ綼ѷ磬ڣ൱۷徳ˡ
Ȼײûдﵽ۷徳磬ȴʹӵˡԣһˣǲġ
ⲻǰھġ֡㱻סˡ
еûʲôԵãҲûʲô뷨
Уˣȷʵһģʵ㣬ȻҲ׿С
׵ҲУĿϬĶˣû˵
˱޴ĽѹţвȴҲҽͷ̧
ǲ֪λˣҪʲô
𵤾Ϳģȴǽ𵤾ϣ˺һ㣬һ𵤾֣÷ɣ˲ҷ
ԣˣҲҴ⣬ֻСĵֺá
˿һۣ׳֮ǰ˵ȴҪǰ
һȻ֪챦˸棬£ֻ˵£һ˵Ǳ˷ˡ
Ҳ֪ȫ˵˳
ǰһ·ȥǰٶȣǰʱܵһԨףСԨԾƼĵ״ʱ߲ʹâ˸ǰ
о壬ɷʵ̫ǿһ·ġ
˵һ֪ǸǿԽֱײˡ
˿ЦֻλүҪº־ˡ
΢΢ȴֲ̿ѡ
ȷ϶Էûѣֳ£Ƕ֪ɣ㲻Ҫ˵ȥǸʦţұͬʦŻҷ𣡡
ҲңС֪ۻʲôûпʲôû
˵ĵȴҲ뵽ǰȥЩСȥô
˶Ĵڴ¾ڲᡣ
׵˵ͷˣɷ֪ںδ
ͷǺݺһɫҰ׵ĵ¡ϡô
ɣֵǰɣǶôƺģֻҲûбˣ
ͷп಻˵ù·Ҳù¡
ôĸ֣ڶԷУǡ
Ҫ֪ɻıǱ˳ƺΪȴ޼ɵ
жʱҲԼô˵ˡ
ȴǲ֪ƺȴΪ޺ͼɺޣ沢֪ľ磬㣬֮˺ɣҲǴ֪ϢˣҲųƺ
״Ҳĳƺˡ
֪ΣȴΪ֪ʵûнԨͷǧ֪꣬ʲô˲õĶڳ˵Ρ
΢΢˲ֽʵڱδ


140 Ԩ쾳1
ǰȥ˱󣬵ԨС˵֪ˡ
ǰľ̶֮д󲿷ֵĵطӰԨ߲ʹâĻƼǰȻҲƼԣǰԿȥѰ
ȻǰʵǵҪֱӼɣֻԪ֮źһȻҲֵġ
бǣʱҲֱɢˣӦҲֵġ
˼ֺã˲ٵİ취㣬ΪҲǹһ
׵˵ͷһȡ˽ѹҲһ˲伤
ˣһۣȴ˶Էеɳں;֮ɫ
һƨڵϣ亹乣ӣȴǴڵĴ
ˣʵǿȫΪʦ֣ҪҪţ
Ȼѯʣ껹ǺܲԸģϾϵԷʦ֣Ҳް취
Ϊʦɵ˰ɣε£˵ãĪ˵ԨǲбУʦţȥˣҲֻһˡ
ǰɺ͸ղλǰʵʮֵĿֲǲ⿪ˣŪɱ𣡡
ţʦ֣Ļ֮ҲΪˣʵǲãʦŵĽ
ģǶ۳Ԩ·ϵıѯʵһ֣Ȼֱ˵飬ϣŵ£Ǹô˵ô˵СɸǷţʵǸ֮
ӳ˼
ţҲ⣡ϣţʵ̫ˣʱһϲȴ漴Ҳŭ
漴Զ⣬ȴѾˡ
Ľ壬һ˿ľĿ⣬˻

̤ڲз罣ϣȴ˼Լǿʵ
ǧ˲οʵ֮⣬ƷԪʯ൱ԪӤڸֿǧԪʯһǿָĹԪֻҪһܻĹԪ
Щٶϣ̫ѡ
ڲзս׵֮£Ű콣볬״̬ԽʹԪ׿Կ϶һУ˲ɱĶǰڵĸ֡
˿ð𵤸֣ȴֱӿԽʮһؾ磬װɸˣֱ緶һһĿⲻĵߡ
׶ЧģҲˣҲףĸ֣ϢģϢ֮УҪıһ㡣
һԪǽ⣬ز¶
̤գĲϵʹṩŷеףҲȵվ֮С
ʵĽڶ˽֮󣬡ʱ䣬ﵽĸʱǿĽĻظʹ׼Գʱıˡ
Ȼˣȴףͬһ㣬߷裬ˣȴֻռɡ
Ǵ˿̣׵Ľȴڽ£ҪȴǲܵģŽȻ뿪£Ȼ˲ڵ£ҲԻǱ
ڿжǲ̸Ͳܡ
Ϊؽռص壬һǳصĹˣȻ¡
ؽĽ൱һеĹ߶ѣ
ǿĽɣ΢תʵϣȴҲò̫࣬˽룬ɱУƶǿеġ
һ
ţ֮⣬춼ڽ֮ǰôؽУҪʶƣѣ
£վڲз罣ϣżٷеľ޴ĺ磬ٶһ
򣬺ܿԵмֵ𽥵ĽһԴɭ֮Ļ֮кбҲ֪ӦǿķΧˡ
£¶һƬٺڵӣ֮УϵɢŵĶ֮ڸʬѪȵĶ
ķΧվȻëëϸ꣬ģϣȻС
գЩռ䣬Ҳ
Уûж⣬ע⵽ǰԶƺȷʵйһĶڵ׶ʱҲȻǴλ˹ȥ
ߵ磬Ȼͷ粻ͬ
˽ʮԨҲ˵𾪡
һƬȫ֪ǳǹ˫ۣҲ޷ʲô
һƬĸоһëȻĸоǺȻһһĸо
оȻܲ˵ȷʵʱڰ֮У߲ʹâ˸
һɼ˵Ľ⣬ţƺڸף棬һʮǿĽ
棬ʲôȥ
к棬̲סǲ룬ȥ
뵽ԼУĵʲô
ڽϣһԨ
һ·ȥһʱȻףΧߣȴȻ谵
߲ʹâʼԵü˵ңԶƺ濴һ޶
΢΢һ˿õĸо½ѾһʱˣȻǲףʲô
ǰѧʿȻ֪һԲεģһȥضĵؿǵ᣺͵غˣ룬û˿¶ȵ
ʹ׾
˿Ȼһ޼ʵĺڰ˿Զ֮Ȼ߲ʹâ˸׿ʼԥԼȥĸоڣȴЩ졣
վڲз罣ϣ̧ͷ˿Ϸȴݺһ
￴ϷȻ絹һӣϵðݣҪһ㣬ͬɢѪȵĶ֮
ңգںӡ
ˮ֪ʲôʱֹͣˣѾʧ紵ȴҲûзУһһһһ
ݺһ֪ҪôԼ󷨣Ҫôﱾһ澳
뵽ĵεĸо׵ģɲ
׳Ϸһ£Ȼ޴ʱ֣Ϸеʱһ˲ķ֮궼һ
ʶСֻ̽ǣʶճ֣ʱһɿֲĸʴӼ״󾪣ջʶ
ٴһ֪Σ벻֪ˡ


141 Ԩ쾳2
׷ƽ
У֪˵ȥȼȥҶǴӿУȴ֪˺ֵĶһֹӰ
ԣѯʵʱֱѯ˱Ķû뵽ʳˡ
ʳˣʳ
׳бѾ֪ȼŻٵĹ
ΪطԷֻҲᱻˡ
ϾȻûе߶ʲôȴҲ֪ǧ굱治֪˵Ϣ
Ӳ֪棬Ҳͬǧûм
Ҳ˵Ҫôĳ
ҪôǱĳ
ȻһܿǺߣŵ˵Ӱ֣ôԣЩˡ
٣׾Ӧ̽ﵽĻһ

׳ľһԪŽĵʮֵӴ󣬶ңҲţݳ˺ԶԶ
һ̣˲Ϣϸ
ϧ֮󣬱ͬʯ󺣣ʱѶ
һۿտա
ģٴһȣԪ֮ȼ
ȻɢȴȻٴɢûκ쳣
磬żһһ
ﲻɶʶԼ˼뷽棬֪Ǻѵģԣ϶ﲻһ󣬶ӦʵĿռ䡣
ƶϳʵĿռ֮󣬼Ȼϲȥһᣬٵ½ȥ
һ̣Ҳסһöɫӡ
ǵģ壡
˵ڹؼʱ̣Լ֮ܿһνѣ
ǿһѵöӣǾȴ֮ĽѵģôһöӣΪĲرңǶһö׿С
ߵʵ׺һЩ졣
Ϊ˵һö飬Լ֮һνѣ
֮
һ漴һϲʱƺڰи֮ǰбĽѣ
뷨Ұο뷨׶ʱҲ˲٣еĺ壬ԥƬ̣ȴջǬָ֮С
ϵţһ׵Ԩһ·£ʱ֮ȻޱȣԶ߲ʹâȴԵý˼֡
ȻһʵĿռ䣬ԨȻͬһ㣡
ƺǷС˵߱Ļֻǽʱû˳ȥˣߣΪžͿֲû˳ԹɣзǷ֮ǰӵĻٶȴٴεӡ
Ϊ濴мֲֿΪ˱֤ԣײû濴ֻһ·ĬĬ½š
ʱһţתۣ׵һξˣһʱз罣󱳵Ľ֮С
һ̣һ㣬ٴμٵ׹š
׹;УױȴǿʼٴεĴݶָ
һУƺʮֵᳵ·
ظϣһ̤ϷɽٶȲʱ򣬽£Լļ½ˡ
Ӧ˵½أӦ˵Ǵ½ȫĴ½
͡
Ȼ䣬ƺƿĳռ䣬һٳһռ䡣
Ŀռ䣬Ԩ
һ̣Ŀ漴ȴһ֮漴ʧ
΢΢Ӧȴʱûн黳ֻǣǰĻȴ״ͣ
ƫĿռ䣬ɽˮ࣬Զгǳأս̤УԶĿУҲ˴򶷵쳣ңһЩˣʱƺĿ⣡
绹ôЩĺ⣬׿϶ȻԨȴǺ磬ƺȫʧȥϵ
ڴ˿ȫĻָʵ𣬶ʱҲ֪ǿСϢȻ󻺻ա
̧ͷһѾչֳһƬѪɫӳЩĿռ䣬һɱ¾֮С
ռʮֵıﴵķ磬˲Ҳ޷еķơ
Ϣ̤֮Ųз罣ĬĬվգʱû
һֲֿĸоƺ˵һ㣬ĸоǵڶεĳ֡
ǣ׾ԿԿ϶ﲻǵظǵӦһռ䣬һĿռ䣬ǬָڿռһĿռ䡣
ƣһһ磬һҶһᣬһ磬ǧǧ磬һǧ֮УǧСǧ硭
һ㣬ǰżվģ֪ģ£ȴǺȻ뵽һ㡣
ԭķ磬ߵ磬ǿšաһȴ˵дഫ͵ģڳԪӤ֮󣬱Զʱܿռѹͽ
磬
磬ֻΪһСǧ磬һԨ֮е硣
ײ֪ʵΣǿУԼĿ⣬ʵѾͣ٣Ҳ˽𵤾ˡ
ѹָкͷȻڣ֮УҲма֮ףҲֻĬĬӦĻ
һ׾⵽Ǹʲô磬Ҳһ߲ʵĶǲʲô챦Ҫ
УߣЩ̹һһģĿȻǹĶףȴûǰ
һһģȴҲûЩˣߣȻǰС
ˣһɨ˼ӡģһ޶ж˿˿ɫڤһĹâ·ȣҲûʲôı仯СĲУĲû
֮΢΢һݣٶٴα
ǰ棬һ޴ɽͬģɫġ
ɫĹâǴɽ֮Уġ
ʱɢ㶯ǴɽܣѾվ˲ò԰׿ݣ˸̹⣬ͬһʵǿĸˡ
һմȥһƾĿ⼤εĿ⣬ȴǴųɱ⡣


142 ڤǡңɽ
ɽܸߣҲܺڡ
ײûЩ˵ĿвȻķȻģɽͷ֮ϣһ֮
һжʮˣÿˣоɫаĹâ׵ʱĿ⣬ɭȻĸһͷͷ׶ǡ
ףԣЩĿ⣬ֱӵӡ
û㹻Щȥᶼ֪ıҲûкЩ֮κһ˶ԿʵеȴȻʹ
׵ľٶԭƺһˣȴǺȻȫͬһ㣬ŭĿӡ
ڣһɫһս׵ӣɲǼǰƺһ־Ӹµ̬ȣĿƵĶס
ףȴҲû˿ľ⡣
֪ⲻǸʲôõطսƺҲ޷⣬ԣʹʹ졢Ϊ⣬Ҳǽһԡ
ߣȴΪ̤ħأȥȻʱ䣬ߣҲ߲ˡ
ӣ˵ͳȴԵðȻٻЩƵġ
һѾףԷԼڼ飬ڶԷʵҲ֪ڽ𵤾ϣ־ûдﵽԪӤҲ֪ԼʵС
֪Է͸ԼΪ˼ɣ΢΢һ룬ҲԨ룬ȴǲ֪δдȥλѸ֪һȻ
⻰һ׶ʱоϵĿɱ⵭˼֡
ħߣоŽýԼײЦˡ
ȻĽûгɣΪģһֽߣ˲СӰģһȫʩΪȻܺЩսҪٶȣˣԸܱȵù
ţû˵ЦգǾʮǧˣȷʵУѳߴɼ
սɫҲͬĲҰףͬʬһޱ飬ֻ˵ȴơ
׵ͷʴ˴ʲôǳطΧ磿
սתͷɽ֮һۣҲף˴ڤڱǳڤһĳˣ϶֪ϣѳȥ֮󣬲Ҫ˵
׵ͷģзִ磡Ҽȥ
״жҲЩ𺳣Ȼ֮⣬ҲǸ֣ǴԨ֮׹ȴô˱ĳǳأ
Ȼ֣˵ȴǲ˾
΢΢ͷʾ⣬תȴᵽߣݶģһɿֲĽڲз罣ϱ˲䣬ԼµٶȵԶԶ뿪
ˣɫ֮£ȴǶٶмҡ
ڤɣΣȫ㣬ȻֻǽǵַˣǿĽǿûеֿʵ
һݵİ˫Ŀס˵
ӣɫ˲֪γֻǽȷʵʮֵĿֲϣֲģǽһѹĵĶƣһĽ⣬ˣͷС
ţڤԲ٣ƺλǿߣֲ֮УǲмһоųɿţⱦǱŪ˵ҹζ࣡
ã
˾׷ױ̬

ܸоЩħߵǿ󣬶Ϣٺڤ࣬ϢƺҪ١
֪ڤԪӤڸ֣˶Աȣױ֪Щ˶ԶԶûдﵽԪӤ硣
ЩΪζƺЩɵԼȴм֡
ȻΪȻԼСǲ˾͵ľԼɣ
Ȼ֣Ȼû˿֪ԼʵȻҲᵽȥ¡
һ·򱱴УԽԽͬʱȴҲԽԽˡ
𽥵ĸо֮ױѾ֪뿪ɭɭѪɫ
ٴͷ죬Ѿֳ˲ãѩɫ˿̣ŵɫëĴѩҲ˵ȷʵǼ֮ظ
֮أ֮һƬ쵽Զ
Զ޴ıɽγһԲһĻԼ䣬ϵϢ֮ɢ

ңɽĬĬվ⴫Ե
ˣȫĥѣȻѰңҵǰ
Щˣȥˣˣû˹ܣ񣬱ȥˡ
꣬ңɽһ·ѾƲѩ֮Уͬһлһ㣬ֺڶҵĺ룬ҵͷڱ֮вϵĻζ
һ͵Ĵڼ֮أԴ͵滷
ûа취ңɽֻһ㣬ţȻңǰϢ
ıѩأȽϷ񣬶ͨ˵ɱȻܴ󣬵ңɽʵչҲܲ
ɽƽضÿһϣԿޱĹķģЩģ״ͷۿβһʶá
֮һ׹һῡݵ˳˱֮˸ķɽսʣһٶǷƷ˵á
һлӺȻ˹ȥʵλǰ֪Ƿ֪ң

һȣǽлӺȻһ³һѪ
λǰ֪
ߺǲмһ죬һͲǷƷķɽʱǽлɱȥ

ţ
΢΢һʱ֣еĽлӣһּϤζɢ
ζһ뵽ңҵ峤ңɽ
ңɽû䵽ز
һ䣬֮һɱңɽĽʱһ٣㲻ʹˡ

Ϲƽܲãȥһ˶ϲ깬ȴٴ⵽Ů˵ľܾбǳĲˬ
ΪѩǳĴүôҲ̲ˣʱƫƫи֪ķʵǸ֮
ѩǣΧһɡƮѩǣǱѩ֮⣬˵Ĵ½
ߣġ


143 㲻ý
Ϊһүӳʼ壬񣬲Ŷʮ꣬ѾĶǰڣ⣬磬Ϊ֮̾ġ
ţ˼ʹϹƺţŮӣӦǾųΪԼӲŶԡ
ǣƫƫϲ깬еСͽȴǶԼٴɫ
ˣ컹Լܵӵܣʵ˷ŭ
ӵܣӹ׵ļҲܺϹȣ
һֱǺĻϹƶʱͬ깬ɺˡ
ճ󷨣Ȼв֪ļܵԼʵǸ֮
ʶһ꽣ʱ㼤˳һǵͼķ˻ɱȥ
ڱѩǵķΧһӣʵǸɱ
ǣһ̣ԭƿĵĽƺȻʧȥЧ
ڿвڿж
һ̣ңɽҲһ㶣һ˿⣬ȴĬĬÿ˵
Ҳ֪һ̣Էǲٻشˡ
ҲûС
˽꣬ģҲѯ˲ˣһߵģҲǰģҲͷһΡ
ֻǣԷĽ˿УңɽΪǶԷ飬΢΢֮󣬱һߡ
ʱңɽŷ˲֪ʱѾվһһüĿӡ
һͨİɫ岼һԳصĳԳɱ¾֮⡣
ӣңɽܾмϤȴһʱ벻
һ̣ûн˺
ϾǰײʮңѾʮˣУһ˴ɳΪḶ́ңʵʵҲ̫ԶңɽҲõ
벻һ㣬ңɽһŭɫҲ֪ˣԼ
󵨣Ǻˣƿرү꽣֪ү˭
ϹдŭһۿȥƲԷΪԷźϹƶʱ˵
Ǽ·ʹõǷ֮ˣʲôıǸ̤ëͷСӣ
һ̣ϹЦ
ףϹ߽꽣ȻһڽϣȡС
ԽָףϹƺǷŭĵʶ㣬ұѩǣǵģүɱ񣡡
ĿЦ꣬ȻԷʵﵽĶǰڣǶ׶ԣĶǰڣһ־ܵĽûʲô
ﵽ˽ľ磬ײŷֻ֣ҪʵȶԷǿԷõǽƿضԷĽ
⣬ǽĿֲ֮
ǽɺͽһ壬Ϊ
ԣһɣκνǿơ
㣬߻ɾͽļ֮
г˼ȴŲмЦݣĿϹơ
ɱˣǣŴԱѩ֮˺׳Ĭˣɱģˡ
Ϲƺܵɱ⣬ɫһ䣬ȴҲ˼־⣬еĽָףȻˡ
һ̣һ˲䣬Ҳݶ˽֮е嶾ˣ
͡
˲ͣԼĪһԼɱǾ֮ɫϹƣ˫Ѫ˸ȻһЦǰ㻹ý
һסϹɱĽ֮תⶸȻץס꽣֮ӿ
꽣ȻһϹƵ֣һ˲䷴ݺݵײϹؿڡ
أ
ݺݵһײʹϹȻڵϣϵı㣬һ˿Ѻۡ
ӰһһŲϹƵľһֱʹ꽣Ǭָ֮Уʧ
һ̣ϹɫȻһҰף꽣ϵʱʧ
ƷôĶʧˣ
Ϲһ˲䶼ɱǧεˡ
˿ڶԷУϹȴǺʵġ
ңɽĬĬսֱʱЩɻԼˣôôǵף
ôţҲ˼ţңɽ˵
ײϹƵľֻҪϹƶʱᵱ
ϹȻ԰Ǻײľʱ򣬵زѾֵĸܵв
ԣϹȫʼǣĿ־ȻѶѩԼĸ֮ϹƸΪ¶ɫˡ
״һֿ״̬ɱȻûвССĶֻĲϹơ
ռ񻯣ʵ˺ܶ࣬ƺΪںṩܱǱӵӴˡ
ңʮǰǱѩǣûŋ˵
׳һ¶ʱӿһɽ͸ϹƵţʹڲֵ٣˲ܵ˻Եƻ
ϹһҽУϵսȻƷսףԶˣֵܵ׿֮嶾Ԫ֮ںϵĽ
ҡҲ֪ҡ
׽ٴӿһɽֱȴǴϹƵĸ֮ڣڵ︽ݺݽɱһ
ϹɫɲҰֽĺӶͷϹѪˮҪ
˵
һȡ
ңĲ
ٴһŲȳϹŰɽֱӴֱֱۣ۶ʱը
أأ
һʱѪɣϹһҺ
ǣǡǵģУкܣܶţɲ롪
ϹƳܲסˣ£Ҳ֪ģȻʮǰûг汦ŋϹƲ֪
ϧ¶һȻ
˿۾űѩǵԶȻмֲĸֳˡ
ÿٶȣ
ɫһ䣬һɼ˿͵ԪʱӿϹƵڣ˲䣬ϹƲҺһʱը
䣡
ҵıըʹ󣬶һ
һңɽʱ봫֮УȻܣһԪĳڴ֮ϡ
һ̣ȴ˸ߺɱҷƺܣ


144 ģǿ
֮УȻɢһ۵İ׹⣬ɽʱ
ռһŤ͵һһɼѹȻѹȶͷһʱԼ⴫͵յ㡣
ԪǿûƿأԵñȽϵӴһεĴͣȻȽԶ
ռһŤ޴ѹϣңɽͬʱݺһ
ѹ޴ѹ˲Ҫ˺һ㣬ͷ󺧣ʱзսػʱһֲѹѹȶ
ѹ֮˲ʧˡ
ͣѾˣһ̣׿ܵﻨĻһʱ仹Щ㶡
ԶŮ˵˵ЦЦĳ֮Ŀбӣ׶˻
ܣ͵֣ɽˮ㣬һԴĺõط
⿴һܣм־̾ΧȻиɫʲôʲôѩرʲôԴ֮أǲֳͬԵԡ
׿˿ǱңɽһԪڻ˶ԷڣôһԷҲнһǧˡ
ҪõңɽȻܸӵľǲܣֻ֣ܺңһˡ
˿̣͵Ŀռѹѹ֮ңɽȫ˻״̬ȫЩѪģˡ
׶ԪԷ֮ңɽѸٵĻָתѡ
ȷʵңɽһûʶ׵ݣϾһܽǿЦһĨɱĸ֣ңɽȻô˺ƣǲΪľ硣
ң㲻ѰңҵǰˣǻΪת棬ܴϣѾ뿪ˡ
Ҫ֪һ뿪ûһʵԻˣ׳
㣬ףңɽ˼飬Ѿȫд𾪡
׵ͷ
ңɽףð죬ųĬ
ңҵĳˣڡ衢šھֵȼ壬ⲿҲѾȫγʵҲ˼֮磬Ըصȥ½ңңֻҪҴкȻǰȥæ
ǲὭ֮£ǰ£ȥŮһɣ
ңңһѾ御ңɽȥδӣԺѾ׿ˡ
˽Щ£ǲ̫ȥ⡣
ңɽĵ˵ͷ׹һµлл룬Ѿѡˡ
ңɽ˵վ˿ܣȻѡɽмС·ȥ
Ҳоǰ˽·
ײûֹңɽʵϣǰѾѵˡ
뵽һ㣬׿˿Ѿ̤봫ŮӣĿмǡ

ţһ׹˸Ůʧͬʱһɫս׵Ӷʱ˴۵Ĺâ֮С
˵սף䲻ȴԵʮֵĳأһһֳصĸо
еһɫĽǿļ򣬶һֳضǿ֮С
һһ˫ĿʱϣĿ֮УȻһɾɱ¾֮⡣
㣡
򵥵֣ʹ׶ʱףˣӦǱѩ֮ˣҲӦ֮ǰɱ걳֮еһˡ
һ˫Ŀɱ⣬ŽȴһһŴѶʱһ׹⡣
ȻϢȥˡ
һһҲûп͸ԷΪӣҲںھ֮£׸оԼӦмְնԸˡ
ԷѶ֪ԼսپΪ֮ǰңɽߵʱ׸оλ֮Уʵǿֲ
˲䣬һʱ꽣ƷȻֻеһĹȴҲѵõ
һϲ˲ĴݶԼĽ
֮е嶾Ԫһӿɫпտ񱩵תһ̣׳һ
񻯣
˫۶Ȼһɿֲɱ⣬ʹöԷĽ˲ȫ
һ̣ûиԷκγֵĻᡣ
˫һ䣬Ԫ֮ӰĵڶӰԾ׵˽һݺݵ꺺ɱȥ
꺺ӣǱѩϹ׳ʣ֮ǰΪȻӵ峤ѶǰȥϹүģ
ֻǵ˴ǰŷϹүѾͨ˳ȥԱƲ֮£һ˶ʱֿңֻ֣̻ഫѶ
д淶Χ࣬ʮǳΧֻʮ
һˣֱӴͣԻһ֡
ƫƫʵ֮ȴҲﵽĶڵϹƣס
о⾪ɱ⣬Ϲ׳һ׼˽࿹ȴǲһֱĽһ̶ȻʧȥЧ
ͷ󺧣һ̣Ϲ׳ʴڻ֮Уͼܿ
ֻǣȻᡣ
ڶԷ֪£š䲻Чġ
ңԪһһɿֲ𺳣ֱӴӽ𵴳ȥȻݺݵϹ׳ʵģڻ֮УʶȽϴһʷǰʶϹ׳һʱҲͲˡ
꽣һƷϹ׳еĽҪǿ̫࣬Ϲ׳ϵ·ȻȴҲԶԶﲻӵı׼
Ԫ𺳣ʹϹ׳ͣ׵ĿͬǿֲɱʽһҲʹ˳
˲Ϲ׳ʵߣ꽣嶾Ԫ֮ͽĽԽԪǿʵɱʽٵնɱϹ׳ʵͷϡ
ۡ͡
ӴȻƿǴսػԪػֱӵĴ͸Ϲ׳ʵͷ­
ǿĹһ˲佫Ϲ׳롣
ɺѪĽɫԽͬݺһɢ
һ̣֮У׹ⲻ˸۵Ĺâ֮Уɫӡ
һУ׺ķɵ޴͸Ϲ׳ʵͷ­Ѹٵıը
ڰ׹˸֮һȴһᣬֱӵվ꽣ϣڿУȻĿԳεˡ


145 ѩǵ׷ɱ
ˣǱѩϹСѩǴϹȫϹ޺ͶϹῡ
ΪϹƵĸףϹд˿ĺܷŭǷŭŭһۿȥԷһ׾ٵɱĶڵϹ׳ʣңһԷǳԣϹвòͷ˼
ΪڣʵǿĴϹȫҲ𵤺ھѣԷʵȴδ֪
ϹеһϹȫͶϹޣȴͬɫ侲
ֻʵںǰڵĶϹΰ˿̲ΪϹ׳ʵŭҪĳȥ
侲
ϹкȻȵʱϹ῵ķŭѹ
Ӱһ߲ԶϹͬλһλվǰԶ
ˣĶš
Ȼ壬˫֮кһһģڿ״̬ˣһȻĸӣ
ʱҲ߱һѹ
¾ΪκҺɱұѩϣұѩδ°գ
Ϲǿѹ֮ϧĪ˵״˿Ƿ״̬ѹѹͨ״̬־ҲӰ졣
֪Է̽ƣѯʣȴǰв̽Լľ硣
ȻһЦûеĺôκˣѿΪ
Ĵݳһɿֲƣż˵ѹ֮⣬ʱϹɫһ䣬¶ֿ־֮⡣
㣬ǽħ
ұǽ֮ˣȻŋ񣬱Ҫ뵽ջЦ
Ϲһɫ䣬ңУҲ¶ޱȵ𾪡
˾սеĽĿ⾪ĶףҲʮֵľɲ£Ȼ֮˲ˡ
ϹжףĿϵսϣһ˿̰ޣȴǵұѩȷʵ£ŋȴѾȥɣ
ϹѾ׿ؽķʽĹ죬ң֮ףʢĽħѩǲһ㶼û˵ģ
ʮ꿪ʼʮ꣬꣬ʲô磿
һɱĶڵϣҲ㲻ʲô˲õı£
ңħ쿪ʼʮóʹңܿԽɱˣԣһƲ֮£Ϲ˲Ŀ͸׵ļ
ȻҲڶģײ𵤣
ԣĿöס޴ķŭʱϹ˶ˣһɲǣԵļ˵ٶȣȫʮɵݺݵĺϡ
ٶȣʵ̫ˣ
쵽ףӦ
Ȼ֮ǰ˲䣬ѾһֲֿĸоǵһɱʱȻܲ
䣡
͵һݺݵؿڶɱ
һ̶оҵĻǣ˵ֲһûƿзս׵ķ
Ʒսףǿ󣬻ԷɵĹǺֲܿĴڡ
ΪƷսףܱƷɽƿǱ㲻Ʒսˣ
ȻûƿսףǾ޴֮͸ս״ݵ֮УȻ׻˺ݺݵ˳ȥ
ۡ
һѪȻһ֮վ꽣ʱҲʧ
ѪɫĹâһ̣һó˰콣
콣һһɿֲɷʱݺݵѹܵĿռ䣬ʹռѹȻ
Ϲˣɫ䡣
ϹбһΪԷضϾеģ粻ɶƷɽȫһ׻
ֻǣû뵽ȻԷս׵ķҲƲˣ
սףƷսף
˵֮еƷսף
һ̣һ֮£ϹۺˣڶӵҲȫĲˣˣʱ仹ŮսףƷսףȴǲɶõĳ
Ϲۺ죬λΪҲ޼˲ĴԵ֮󣬶ʱҲʶԷϵսףǺֲܿĶ
ҸҪǣԷԶԶûнڵΪԣ塣
ֻǣԷٴεóһ֮˵ģɵò
˾ÿֲǵĿֲ
״˿ȫһ״̬ȫһּ˵ɱ¾֮⣬һΣҲûг֣ңսףһΣֻǱԷһݺɱˣ
׺ܷŭȻ֪ʵܴ󣬵Щģ
ԷõǵԼˣ׿Խܣһ֮ˣˣǲҿˡʧܣ
ó˰콣ײżһֲܿĽ
һ̣ͬʱҲˣ˲ȻýĺͰ콣ںϣˣȻͬ콣һ㣬ʱϹɱ˹ȥ
ϹǲмŽûж
ǽ˲䣬ϹеĽȻԾԵĶˣݺնɱ׵ϡ
ȻƲ˷ɱ˶Է͸սףΣҲܽԷɱģ
Ϲкɱ׵ķڽ֮УҲ˶ԷʵĶңԣġ
Ǿʱ콣ȻȻһɿֲĽ⣬ϹһܵһԼǰ
أ
ݺݵһնɱϹеĽϣϹеĽʱ˿ը˷顣
һֲĽնɱϹϣֻͬҲûƿԷսϵԪ塣
ʹ˷˻ȥ
֪ʵ̫󣬶ұģѾﵽ˿ֲ߳ɣֻʣ
һᣬ־Ȼһ˲ʹӰڶأУӰѣ
УȻӰڰ콣ֲĽ֮£ϹϺͻһ㶣׼ȥ׷ʱѾӴ֮д˳ȥ
Ϲİɽ˵꣬ʱɫҰ׵һѪ˲䣬ױѾˣ
ɲǼı仯ʹϹжûзӦңûеõôóȥҫһɽѾԷˣԼһɽȴǸˣ
ѩǣҲɽѣ


146 ֮
һ̣Ϲк޵ˣҧгݣɫж֮â쳣ԣ
ףɱҺұţϹȵ
ԱλɫҲһȴǴ˼ǵĵⲻðɣףи˵ŮӣרɱԸ֮˵ߣϴڤ棬һɱ£Ҳ֪ģ˼
ϹȻҲʮֵޣҲϿҵףĽħ֮Ѿ淶ΧǱɣ䷢ͨ޷
Ϲȴɫһ䣬Ǳĵͨұѩʵǿһ£һˣ׷սףɽضع⣬ʱҪⱦϼѣ
ˣȥɨƽԨŴϵλŮΣù
Ϲ˵꣬Ҳںϵʱϡϣϻȥټ֣ǰʹ󣬲ػָұڱѩǴȺǣһɱ£
ţ¸ˣ
ϺͶһۣ̰֮ͬɫһš
ղϹкϹ῾û⣬λϣȴǿһķɽʲôǬָ˵֮пֲĿռ䷨
˾ǿһ㣬ȴûж˵𣬱˵Ϊ֪֮ģܺΡ
ǵĲ֪УһԷԼС
Щ˶ʱҲٵűѩǱȥ

һƱԪ֮˲Ĵ͵һ֮
ֻһۿȥǱѷ죬һģݺύɲ⡣
һ˲䣬뵽ˡϲ㡯
⴫֮Уһ˲ϢĿؽ콣϶Ϊһһ㣬ֱѡһѷ죬˽ȥ
ȻеĴѷ֮ͬԹһ㣬˲䣬׶֪Լ˶ٴϲ㡣
ٶȣȫϢȡ˲зս׽ڲһͨĺɫۣȻȡͨĲз罣ڽ£һٽ콣ȡǬָ֮С
һ̣ײźȻ֣͵ʱѾ꣬ȴΪȻ
һ룬ʱ׷ֲз罣Ѿû֧֣ٵ׹
һʱ±㻻˰콣
з罣ȡǬָ֮к󣬰콣ȻĵĸоʱûˣˣӰ콣֮У˿˿Ѹٵ̲˥ߡ
һʱϲҲ֪콣Ȼ˵á
ֻǣ콣ʲôɽҲκεƷʣƣҲʮֵף
㣬׶ʱ򣬵콣ʱͬͨɽһ޶
΢΢ױεս
սԵӦǽ𵤾ĸ֣ȻԷʵȴҲ֪ǽ𵤾ģˣҲԩ
ǿ񻯣ϸͰ콣Ҳֻܰһг䲻ĹɱĶڵĸֻ֣һͻĶڣں֮ҪԸѶȱ㵱ʮ֮󣬸οԷǽ𵤾ĸ֣һɵ˲֪꣬Լ꣬УҲġ
ʧܵǣԷԼʵһ㣬׺Ρ
װƣûʵܹǻԿģΣʵҪģ
ţȴվڰ콣ϣٵǰȥ
ϲ֮䣬һͬϿһĵ·ǰ죬羫һļǰ֮󣬻һϲ϶ͬһԹ
ѡһ˿ܣһ콣ٵڱͱڶ
ֱư콣նĽһ޴ķΣˡ
һɽ͸룬ڲĸնϣһϣٽͱ֮г˳
г˼նϣһƽһ飬ֶȻӿһȵԪֱ֮ӽֵıڻȻŽǱڿյıռ֮УУһ뱻ڿյĿռŷ֮УȻԪںϡ
˵¶ȣֻƬ̣ܱȫܷ
˿̣ȴѾڱ֮еĶռ֮ˡ
ԼĪʮ׵Ŀռ䣬ܲ͸һƬ
Ƕ˵һУȻɼ
һԪǿ̵ڣ˿̣̲סݺݵһѪˡ
ۡ
ɫʱҰ̾𵤸ֵĹȻͰԵԿʱǿ壬ϲзսٷ֮ʮĹǿķ̶ȣȻҲԼһ˲䱻ʵֲ̫ˣ
лǺܾģǸоԾ˳ƺˣƶ֮ʵĽ˶ԷĶô˿̣ǲзս׵ȵػһܺù
жҲмңһ̣׾ˣȻúõĲһ½ȻԱȵɵɵ٣Ҫ䷨ȫѧᡣ
֮Уἰ䷽ɵ֮УҲᵽ䵤Եķɵ֮УҲصἰ
֮ǰײѧ˵Ƥëһ̣ײ֪ЩֶΣһú
𽥵ƽ
ʶһǬָĹԪȻʱʹãȻأڵ޿ɾҩĵز
˿ǧ˲Σ׶ʱһץһꡣ
˿̣ûнҲûе¯޷
Ȼ׽֮Ун𣬰ɫĽ𣬵𣬴˿״̬붼롣
õ״ֻ̬ܳ治Ƭ̣µ״̬Ƕʹ̸
ԣ׾˲Σ޸ˣ
ȻָٶҲܿ죬Ƕһµʱ䣬׶ԣڼ˷ѣʱᱻ׷̽״̬Ҫʮµģ
ײ󷨣֪һЩ泣ʶӵ֪ʶƶĿ
ԣ˵ʱ򣬸Ҳûʲôԣʱ䣬ȻԽԽá


147 Ĵ𵤸Ϯ
Ҳ˲ͬľһɿݿɬζһᣬֱӵһڿɰͰ͵ͬһ˲θ̳ȥ
ԵѳԣҲԵʣΪȥײֻԪϵıȻǸɿݵľͷȥ
űˮ֮ģһɢ˳޴ʱʼȫɢ
һ̣ץסᣬ˲ݶڽĵתĺĺڶƺԶһ㣬ϵž޴ϵľۼ
ģҲһ̣ʱɢȵȫϿʼ޸ˣĿʼ˴Ĺ̡
͡
ǿĲ޴ʹΧļʼڻŵĵطѾһ޴ˮˣԭķĿռ䣬ҲתΪ˻εĿռˡ
׶һо˿⣬һȫĳ˴Ĺ֮С
ײûʱϹе׷ɢʶһ̽״̬ȻȥǺܿϧϹ˴ε֮ʱûÿ˷ȥ̽ˣΪ׵ķ֮⣬ϹҲʶˣˣҪ׷ϼѡ
Ҳײƽ
ȻײûЩ޸֮֮αʱûһıȫ֮С
״˿̲ǰڣÿһεĿ񻯣ȴʹͬǰ˸ľһ㣬ܷ棬Ȼ˺ǿĽ̬棬Ҳӵȶ
ľΪ˲˵ĻһֽľҲܲ
״ָ̬ȻأȴϵģָѣʶϵĴ΢΢Ȼס
ǧ˲εҩЧ֮£ײܿĻָʵʵ˲١
ǧ˲Σԣ˷ѵģȻҲһ㡣
ףȴ⡣
޸ɣʵ˼֣֮磬ƺԼٴνĿܣУҲ˼ڴ
֮󣬱ǿĽνĽֱ֪һֺǿĿԽĽƽƽģģ
׺ڴȴ̰ðĽӦʵӦڣ˿״̬ȴǰڣѧˣֻòʧһʧܡ
ͱĹͬḶֻ́гɹûʧܣ
һۻһĳ̣ʧܣǽĻɢĽ֡
̣ԽڣԽأûаٷְٵİգȻȥľ磡
ʱ̣ײûˮʼ˼𽣻֮е䷽ŵɵɵ׿ʼ˼Ŀԡ
䣬ϣһֽ⣬ڽУȻ󽫽Ľ⣬С
ƺìܣʵһ֡нĸ硣
䷽Ȼǿһ䣬֮ˣľʵ֮ˣϣмˣ
ɵɵ䷽ȻͬǱʣȴ޼
һ㿴׶ʱף촴书ֻǲ˲伮ġ
ȴ֪䷽ֹǲ˲伮ǧǰ淶Χɣ伮˷
̾䷽ϵɵɵȷ䷽׳ٴ֮ѧˡ
һϵĺɫ۶ʱըѣ׶ʱ˲зսףзսʱҲȫʧ˺ͺɫһ޶ĳۡ
콣ʱҲУʱһͨɫĳ
һĳǰıʱ˳ȥһ˲˳
ָ׿˿Ĺߣ΢΢һ㣬֪˽˸ʱ֮ȻЩ⣬ϲ䷨ŵʱ䣬ױҲȻˡ
ѩû׷Ѱһ˼ʱòԾˡ
״̬ʶѣҲԶԵѣ״̬׶ʱ㷢еɵˡ
ѩ֮еˣƺûһʲô֮ң֪Լս׺ͽ˲õķʱЩˣôܷ
ôһ룬׵ģʱһ˲뵽˽¡
ΪԼ㣬ˣ֪ΪѩǣôӴ֪ܲġ
ңѩǸǲ֪ܲԼЩ˺ֶΣֻµɳʲôġ
ңЩǸҳ֣׻治֪˻᲻Щȥ¡
뵽ʱ˵Լѹ
һ˼׾ãԷǰԼĿԸ󣬶ң˵Ϊŭܻɱܿв
׺ܿ˿ԣȻ֪ǰ̶Ѩһ̣Ҳò
ǵһѾء
˿Ǭָ֮еö壬Ѿƽϡ

ʮ󻤷֮оˣѾȫλϹкվ
ϬĿ⿴һǰʮˡѩǵȫǿϹк⡣
ϣ𵤸ֱ֣ǰںͺڣԼڣĴ𵤸֣
ʮ󻤷ȥ֮⣬Ķھϣ
ʵԺ淶Χ󲿷ֵ뿹ˣ˸ʮ˵õĸ֮⣬ѩǣ֮淶Χһ
ǰȻֱתȥ£ȽŮץˣΪһ裬նͷ£
Ϲһײ֮ɫ
λϵ
Ŵ󻤷ҲϹ
ţѶĳϺ峤ϣѸ淶ΧħףɱѩϹƺϹ׳ʣʱǰ£Ȼˣɱۣ
Ϲ΢΢֮ͣͣ˵
Ϲȫ΢΢ͷһǽȫڳޣҲỳʲôȻð취
ϹеǲҶ̫΢΢ͷȴǸѰ𣬺
ϹȫϺϹ޶ϻһЦˣȴǲҶ졣


148 ͣĲҵ
һʮˣϹд֮£ֱӴͽ
ɪɪĻϹüͷ谵ıʵ˶¡
ϹкףûʲôʸʲôɧΪȼͶĵ̡
Ȼ壬Ǻϣܹ鷳Ľ
˾ǽǰڵΪʵȴǿԱںͺڣʵǺѲһ
ԣϹȻﾭȴǺܵ͵
󣬽ԨķΧϹҲû̫ҡֱӿٵ·ȥ
ԶϿգɫƲ֮ϣһ˺һҪŮӶԾƿ񻶣֮
ףȺĻ泯ȥˣǻòͷˣüͷһ壬ȴǲɹЦ
аŮӶʱҲǽЦŤˮһǰȻ˫Ѿ׳
ֻŮ˽ЦӴǿû֪ͣȥδı£֪ĳ˵Ĺȥ飡Ǻǣ㲻˵СӺңһȥأ
ǺǣˣǹģҪ󣬽ûðɣѧղŮˡ˵Цȴڻ֮¶ɡ
ٺ٣˵˲ãȼȴûСǸͷȽϡ͡ǰѽǲûȥ׸׬ѽ档ŮЦ֮ɫŨ
ȴüͷһ壬ɫҪȥԿˣɱû㣬ŵŵףԼע㡣
ӴǺǣѵôϧ˼ңҪкһûˣ
аЦߺߣȻǼˣû湻ٶȷʵ죡Ҳȷʵʹ죡
ߣˣ
ɧŮ˷һǰۣʱֱӽ⿪¶ѹԲİ۵ľ޷塣
˫۷죬ȴǹ壬һģյľʱʧһƬƲǺʵ˼֡
һŮڻУȻֺݺݵǾ޴˫塣
šš
Ůӽӵ˵壬ȻԼϵ㡭

Ϲһ·ɱ£ϧɱߣҲֻзŵССɣϣŵС֮ʶ֮̽£Ϲһֱɱƽ̨
ĵطϿѿڣȽңҲҵˡ
һ͸ѿڿȥȻϹбƽ̨֮ϣƺŮӣȻŮԱ߲Զһꡣ
꣬ȴס
û뵽ʶѰǱȽҵģףȻɱҺұ֪ʧȥ˰˵ʹ࣡
ϹһԱһ֣ʱһȺ˱ƽ̨֮˹ȥ
һ̣ԭ֮еܿңԼӣһʱǴʧɫ
һȺİӣаɱ⣬Ĺâ˹
⣬ʲôˣ
ܿңʵ磬Խ𵤾ĸ֣ûκεĵֿ
˴ſֲɱͳҪĥ˵а֮һѹȶܿң˶ʱѪ˫ȹͷʱܲסѹʱѿ
Ѿͷܿ
ӶʱŭˣԼͽ۸ӵ׼Ⱥƴ
ߣ
Ϲһһʱ޷ѹ˲׻ݺһѪ
ߺߣף֪ϹеĺϹкݺݵЦţЦ̡
𣿵㣬ʲôһӰʱܿǰǵӰʱٵĻһɫս׵ŮӰʱն
㡪
ǽ״ˣܺã
ǿԣ֮࣬
ߣһܻελϣɱϹһ̺ܺڣĺܺڡ
ܻޣѾǽ𵤾ˣܿԣǱǡԪӤ
ֲԪӤֲԪӤ磡
Ϲе£ңԷƣͲưոݣϺͻǣûκܵء
ȻɱſˣӣѾܣôֻƴˡ
һ̣˶ȫɱ˹
Ǵ˿̵״̬֮ǰĿ״̬ȫͬûһȫת塣
һ񻡢ˣмֽмŮӣһɫսףһССĽɫƱһĶڼܷ衣
УңٴεĿǽɫĹⶦٴεĬ
ܿһֱȴûһ㣬ֻۺĶȺӡ
ǽ˵Щ˴ףܿ޲ýЩ˺ƬЩԼʦܿϣЩ˲ú
Ӳûкʲôãǣġ
ߣ
һһӣʱɫĹⶦʱ󣬻Ȼʱǰ
ķɽնɱϣġˡһ֣ʮˣͬǱסһʱв
һȺ޵ߣ
³ô򵥵֣Щ˶ʱҲ˹붯ʱ򣬺Ȼ֣ռˡ
⳯һֹĿռ䣬Ȼ鿪ɫĿռݣôըѵʱϹе˵壬ҲſռݵըѣʧΪۣʧ
ѪҲ죬ɢһĽ⣬Ȼ˻ɫĹâǼ򴦡
ռƬָ̱糣ʮˣûһ˲ҺҲûһѪˮǺȻʧһûһۼ
ǴɫսŮ״̬һתΪ״̬˶ʱԵü˵ƣ˫ҲЩ
ƤһһϣǷ߽ܿңߣֱӿ˵ûˣǼɣˡ
ǽ㣬лл㡣
ܿң˵һΣͬǷĵġ
һ̣̾ϢһҲû˵ֱӽɽ֮󣬱ܿʧˡ
ƽĿ죬ȥĸ죬ǰҲһʱ䣡
ϹһʮˣͣĲҵ


149 ɻ󡤲̽
ܿĬĬȻң֪ǽʵɣ
ң˵ͷǽǽĿദɣȻϣ֪ʵǾͲˣǵǽԼѡ񡣡
ܿҲ̾Ϣһ˵ͷȴûж˵
һ̣ܿɻ󣬵ңȴˡ
֮еǿӰںһԭصġ
ңҲûжȥʵϣֻҪŬɣҪȥ̫̫࣬࣬зӵĸӡ
Ψһû˵ģӡ
ӿ뿪Ӱֿ˿ԨԶ̾˿ĬĬ

ʱ֮󣬱Ͽա
ȼŵţڵԪȴǹۼ𵤣˫ʵ񣬶ˣֵ˼㣬һ㣬屻ᴩһǣĵĲĲǼˬĸо˿ֵϢ
ļ֮£߳һһεȽȴһһεڼﵽĶ˻أȻεѭ
ڣԪʱ򣬸߳٣ͬʱĴϢţȻ岻ϵĲ鴤ţȴǴﵽĽڡ
ãƲ֮һƬƽƽģֻ˫֮
ãȼڷһʵĴϢҵĴϢ֮
֪СߵѾͷôˣʱˡȼ̾ѩǣʵȽ鷳Ҳóæ
ǣģ˵ģѩȺˣֻˡм
˵ģ㲻˵ҺЩǣôôҲæȼ֮󣬵ǻָһŮѵõһ档
ذ㣬覵ķͻ̵ͦͦš
һץŵǿȴ֮ķͣһЦģ˵Ǳ߲¾Ͳ£ʵ淶Χ˵ãǴУһѣǶܱΣ㵣ʲô
˵һˣѲɻС
ޣȼȻͷǰˮ֮ˣ㣬㽫ǳԶ㣡
ٺ٣Ҳ˵ˣҪȻǼȥƣҪǲĵĻʱ񫣬Ȼװ֡
ôȥи˻ȼɺݺݴ˶һȭ
ƣ˲õıʲôţأҵҲǲ׵ġ
ٺһЦа֮ǽüĿһ𣬶ʱȼһ
ţðɣôôգ˭˼Ķظ㣬ߣ
ȼŶӣ֮Уʱ·ȥ
ӱ󣬵ٽԨ·ȻԶԨ·Χ
ûŪܴ󶯾һƣκεϢͬͨƲһ㣬շţƮ
ϷƲͣ
ô˵Щû°ɣŮӻĬĬƺ˵ˣӣҲˣҲءЦ
ȼЦţðɣ֪ˣǱѩǵˣô뿪ˣ
뿪ˣǶˣĿɨ·Ŀռ䣬һֲֿϢͷƣʱص˵
ˣ㡪һı飬ȼʱҲٻˣ˵ЩģȻиڣǱˣȻᣬǲá
ţҪǴҶ֪ЩҲǵˣԸǵġ
˵ĶԣǲﶺˣһУ޹ء
߰ɣ
˵꣬ʶһֱӴݶƣԶȥƮɢȥ

ϲĴ󣬰ԶԪ֮󣬰ɫâһ׶ʱٴδ˳ȥ
һΣȷеĴ͵˱֮УԨľ룬мңԶ
Ȼ࣬
ĶζҲʮֵŨң˷¡
΢΢üûмƽЩ̤Ű콣һ˲仯һй⣬·ȥ
мǹǵİΣٶȺܿ죬ȻԣҲܸߡ
Ԩ֮ϣ֮ǰ·ķźϣŵСɣѾɱԶŵŨҵѪ֮
һٶȸٵ±ȥ
ͱ֮ʱԶԶǧ֮⣬ױѾŵܿ˵ζЩ˵ζ׻ŵһϤζ
ζȻܵƺϡٱԼζȴԱ⡣
ζڣűĿܿңԼɫȻ԰ףȴǲ޴󰭵ӣͷһɡ
û¡
Ȼ£˿ͱϿյһƬռ䣬׶࿴ۣʱ㷵뿪ˡ
ζʹף﷢սǿܿ˶Ѿްпռ֮ζױѾ֪ѩˣӦöˡ
ȻʮֵȷײΪռ鶼ˣЩˣ᲻
һ·ϣŵʮ˵ζҲ˵Ǹʮ˳ˡ
ȻԷƺѾˣԷֺͽйأ׾ǰȥѩ̽һ̽
ıѾȫѧᣬ׵ĳʲô⡣
ң콣ٶȣٶȼ˿ݣҲıңıֶΡ嶼ûжײġ
˼һת׶ʱķ򷵻˻ȥ
ǰȻѩǣȥ̽һ̽ʵ˵
þһ̶ˡ

뿪ܿңȴǸ֪ӣиӦȴûж˵ʲôٴ֮С
Ǵ˿̣Ȼڴ֮еıʯϢĿ⣬ȴǶ
ܿٴЩģٴεҵԨȻ˿ȴҲһһ߲֮⡣
΢΢̾ϢҲ֪ǱܱЩħ߸Ϸˣҡҡͷص󴦣ֱӴͽ˱ѩǷΧ


150 Ϯɱ
ѩǴ֮ٶֱӵ˲Ű콣ɳ
ѩǾɵַںδײ֪֮ǰ˷ķλ״Զ϶
һ·ϷУԼĪСʱ׶ʱѾԶҰ֮һȽϸߴĳǽ
ߴʵɫǽϷ¥Уͬ¥һ㣬Ρ롣
ٽ֮׿׼һ¥ٶһ˲ﵽ£ֱӴ˽ȥ
¥࣬ЩʵȻҲȴ಻߶ѣ׵ΪжǸûκηӦ
ֻ֮ɨһۣѾ׳ǽĽṹ
¥ĺޱȣȴӴռԼĪʮƽңΧƵģǾ޴¥¥ΧһķΣ¥γɳǽֻ¥γһķǡ
ķ¥ˣм䣬ȴпյĿտ֮أһʮӴͬһĴ¥
ͬɫĺصľʯɵģܣȴǼӲı̳ɳǽ棬ƻĲ֮£Գɭ׵ķ⡣
վһķ¥֮УĿƵĴǾ޴ĸ¥ɭȻĴ֡ѩʱ֪˵ط
ӦѩǱȽҪĵط
ײûеȴʲôǰ뷨ͼϣǳʱûа߳ʱûкҹģڻƻͷ´֮𽥵٣ҹḶֻ́ңңڵġ
ңײΪںҹлڰзӦ
ʶųһϸ̽飬ȻϸѩɢϢײûзЩȥ֮˵ʻϢһƲ⣬ױ֪Щˣˡ
˰˳ɵİգ׶ʱһӰʱѩ֮Ŵ
ſڣʵ׵ĸʵԼĪҲڡ
һĶʱӿһɽ⣬ֱʹһݺᣬһ֮ĳԺ˾һʱԳãһ̣ȴǶʱѾ˱ѩ֮С
ð죬ſ˹
ףܣô£ղƺƺþһ㣬ǳʲô˰գһСüɻ
ǰգôûɶоϹˣѩĳϺ峤棬˸ôһмֿ׳ҲһԺȻȷʵԼҲ㣬¿ǳϲãȻʲôˣԼҲסˡ
ţȷʵۻˣȫǱѩǿ߶뿪ǿɵúúػ
Ȼߣ˵ǵΪ淶Χǲģ

˼䣬վԱһ䣬ȴ¶Ц⡣
ͶʵԱƲĳϺ峤ʵضǿӦںǰң߻ںǰڡ
ʵѾаճ䲻ɱԷˡ
Ҳ㣬ڵ֮д˼ȻŷһطȽ䡢ȴǱȽׯϣͷһȫƣȻٵĿɫİҵš

壬λϣʮ󻤷ѾˣѩǣҲȥˣֻǳ˺ܿͻɱǲ뿪ĺãѩȻûʲô˲õıƷԪʯȴģƽ֡
ģҲ֪⣬ֻԿףʮЩʵȻǿʤ˶࣬ǻ治ŪߣҲѣ
ߺߣ򵥣ѩҪˣϵĻǱ㶯ּɣǵʵҪɱЩˣ򿪱⣬ǲѣ
ģ˵ģֻŋⶫ˵δã
δãⶫûв͸ܣ˱һͬӵУ˭߶ԷɣΣ
ãȻˣǰȥ
ţ壬ҲĪҪＱЩˣ򶨣һб仯ɱˣֻҪһˣ˲󷨣㲻Ϊ壡
ģٺ٣

ͳĶԻѾҲо˵ʵҪ͵Ķ࣬ˣĶڡ
Ķڵľ磬֪Լһ񻯣һ֮䣬䲻⣬һٽĨɱ
ҪԼ֮ˣԭ׼ֵ뷨ʧˡ
׾ɱܾˣȻԼˡ
ƣױȻĸȥ
׵ʮǿ󣬸˵˸ûв
˴˺ܶవźһɫĴ֮
һʮ˶ʱ̾վ˳ȻĿ¶Ķӡ
ĳϣ峤ϣ֪λ˿ǰ⣬Ϊ£
ʮ˾һţÿ˵ʵڣʮóʽľѵһҲʮѲ
Ҫһ£һҪ飡
ĳɫƽתΪ࣬ʱ˵
ʲô£ҲһĳϺ峤ϣʵȻǿ󣬵ʤţˣӰ컹мֵģϾ˺ʹ϶ԼϵĹϵܲλϣȴǽ𵤾ĸ֣
ǣˡһ̣ĳϺȻˣԭûнһ̣ȻߣеĽȻʡ
ݡ
ռ͵һĽ˲㶴š
һĶڵߣһڵߣ֮
һɱԪǣʱҺһһĳȴѾʱը
ĳϺ峤Ͼ͵ܿ˳Զ
ıըʱʹԱ߼˲һɲǵı仯ʹһ֮£ʱĳϺ峤ɱ
ʵĲ࣬ʱȫ˳ĶڶڣһɱһƬ̣Уֻʣˡ
ĳϺ峤һЦûʲôνĺϻ󷨣ʲôٴγȴһĨ⡣
ڿ־ı£һĵĺ
ϣʵ̫ˣˣñң
ţĿԶԶĶŴ˴ս


151 ޳
ȻĳϺ޳ϳ˹ȥкһ״Էڵʱк֮ɫһ˲䱬ը
䣡䣡
Ѫɣ޴ıըʹɫ֮дνңƺ˲̮˵Ŀܡ
ĳϺ峤ϣֲıըһ˲˳ȥݺײڶǽϣǽڵҵ˿ʯ£ңʱ̮һ롣
̮ܿڵʯ飬վһİȫ䣬ĿȴƵĶϡ
ȻûڵԱǿֲ֮ϣҲˡ
ⱬըǽըĹϵµĵطǡɿԿ˿ѡ
ʱ˾һϲȻŬ
ģôȿȣôˡ峤һ£©磬ϸѪ߰ߣһƬɺѪҲɿƵ
壬أôۡʵһ룬Ѫڣ̲סһѪ
һۣĿƺЩֻ
һⱦգ⼸ǧ꣬ϹǣƥҲ˲ٺö˰ա
á˼ˣǸûᡪ
ͬ˵ţȴͬʱĬĬȻ͵һվԶ
Ķڣ֮أȻ˹׿һ
ˣƺн٣ֻǻҪɱˣг½ˣ˼Ȼɱ׸öķԼ
һĸ֣κʱ򣬶ضѡٵķɱ֣ԸСĴΪĿĵġ
ױˣ˿ɱˣģ絽ʱҪ񻯣ֱӵɱһˡ

䣡䣡
ĳǽڣȻ俪ˣʯͷҲӰ첻
˿Ķʱϵ̰;ϲƺ˲佫ǵȫˡ
Ҳһۣȴ΢΢ЩϢ
һɫһ͸֮Уɢŵ뵵Ĺââ֮УеѪ˸ƺٻƺڿʲô
׵ģʱǣؿڵӡǣƺҲ
һ⣬͸ؿڵӡǣƺһЩֿֿ֮֮ƺԽԽǿ
ϸ緢ʱЩ죬뵽ӡǣ׶ʱмס
ͷм־ײܿ϶ΪʲôȴҲ֪⣬Ӧñŋ񣬱ǽҵĴŋ
ʮǰΪȻѪıһ̣˱ѩǵı⣡
ΪѩĶӣȴ˵ѩûвμӣ
ײȻһЦȻıȴǲûлңȻעΧһУ
ײţȴǻˣ
һ̣ĳϺ峤Ҳŋ񣬶ˣҲɫ̰һȥ
ĳʵǿһ˲õŋӰһ峤ϵķˣȻ˳һѴУ
ɫŋȻԳ˱ģСɰɫĹâͬһֻһ˴ѣĳһֱӽĴָСŋС
ѪʱǷƺ峤ƴһ㣬Ҳ֪һֳ嶯ʱһڽŋ˶С
ŋ񣬾һɫСһģкĳһ𣬶ʱҲûо쳣
һ̣峤ȴǷһ㣬޺޵ĵĳϣеĽϵĲ
㣬㾹Ȼ̣Ķ̣ңҺƴˣ峤϶ʱˡ
˲䣬ĳɫһҰףȴǿʼˡ
峤ϵĽĳ˵
峤Ҳûĳ쳣һһԪʹóнɣʯɽֹ
䣡䣡䣡
бԪŪ߰㣬ͱըİҸǲʯͷǽڵȴ
ĳϻ죬ֻøˣһ̣ҲˣһҵĽɱ֮ʱһס峤ϵĽ
˸ŹȵѪɫâĳϽӲĶʹ峤Ϊ֮һ
һ̣׵ϵӡǣƺҲŋȫʧȥϵһ㣬У𼫶˵ķ;־ĸо
׺Լĸо˿ǿҵĸоǸƺŲҪˡ
ߵİ콣һҲɢ˾޴ȵϢǿ⣬ҲʹѾסˡ
ǣ˾ͬûзһ㣬һ弫˵ĲһˣȴпʼԳ޴ľ֡
׵УĳȻٵĸɿ˲ð̣һѿݺɫĹͷȫѪҺɲǼ䱻һֲʣ
˿̣峤ϵ壬ҲѸٵĸɿݻȫеȫıߡ
еĽɲǼҲɫɫķӿ£ڵ棬ʱѳΡ
ϵԪʯҩģȣȻ㲻ȴҲĶȴ˲ȫ
һ̣ڸܵԼϵйǾӡǵʱȴǺȻ赲
еһΣ˷ǿҵľ⣬ڣ־һôԣ
ãøϿ뿪
ɫȻһҲǴ󺧣˲뵽ŋֻѹʲô׶ħͷȴǱĳͷ˳
µֿܣʮǿ
׿ܿռ˲ɭȫ⣬ʱͷǾԼ²٣
һ˲䣬ֱʹӰڶزӰѣ׻ƿŰ콣ǣֲķ֣ռˣ콣Ҳˣ
ռͣǶôϤĳ
ǣԭϤǿɱУû뵽ĳһ죬ԼҲĽ
ռͣȻ󣬱ǿռɣ
ʽѾ߲ĳˡ
ͷһȻԸϣҲϣڣѾ˶ˣֻˣ


152 콣ꡤ
ţĬĬֿסһö壬һöκνѵĺ壡
ߣʼĶģǹԼһɣв뵽ߡ
ߵİ콣һ̺Ƿ׵ĿƣɢǿȴǵĹΣ
һɹľƣͬһ˵ĲΣŋѹȶȥḶ́ƺ֣ھһ㡣
ǣȻ콣ŋǿ
ĬĬĿһУ޷
ڵĳУŋշţѪɫľ飬ڲϵĻûûţƬ̣һѪѪģĳһĹޣڰ֮С
콣˿̶ȻһХΡ
һĿࡢɫһɫս׵վգ
죡
ħ죡
һ̣ףΪʲô콣ƷʣΪʲô콣ԼһĸоΪʲôԼڿ콣ֵʱ򣬻˵𶯣
Ϊ콣죡
Ѿɾ˽꣬Լ֮꣬ɾͽ֮ꡣ
һֽѣǺγֲһƶ
һ̣뵽ǲԼȵԭÿһʵһ
᲻
һ̣뵽˺̵ܶ࣬ܶʱڣ뵽˺ܶࡣ
ǵģˣˣֻܳɾͽ֮ꡣ
֮ǰûгɾͽ꣬ҲɾͲ˽꣬¡ʮд¾֮Ӧˣ귴ɾ˽꣬Ҳɾ˰콣
ȫҪȥĲ²ʵмֲϣ֪Ĳ²⣬ضʵ޼
ͬһһĽħ죬˵ĸо
ߡ
ĬĬĿһһޣȻƵľա
֮ˣзӡߺߣգŋֳˣʲôż۾ʲô𣬶ȥգ
Ѫԣһȴʹÿռ䱬ըߵĿռ䣬ʱڶһĿռѷ죬ֻǣЩȫûЧ
ħ
ͳͬһ
㽣⣬Ѫӿ
ײ֪ľ磬ﵽʲôľ磬ǿˣ޾ռڶ׶ʱڴ
޵ǿƺʵԲ˲١
˵꣬ʱѾʧ˫ͫУʱֻоؼ䣬ƺֻһһٵһĽ
УֻһҰ׵Ľ⣬ȻޣҲʧˡ
һ̣ռ͵һһɿֲľȴֱ͸ڵĿռ䣬洫ȥ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡
ܱըʯ̮ȴǶڴ˴ռȫûκӰ졣
˲Ϊһſֲ񹥻ɻ깥ֻǣƺȫЧ
һᣬһ˫֣һֱֻӲס컯İ콣ռһͣȻ޴һ콣˲ķ˻ȥ
أ
콣ʱ飬ξʧ
ǣһ̣һɹϯ콣ٴ˻ֻǣ˿ȴԵԪˣȫѾûκι˸
ǵģһĹΣûˣ
׵ģݺݵһ鴤ʡŭΡ
˵ʵ֮ǰ⡮ŋ֡ĶԻ֮Ужޣȡżۡ𡯻ǿ
Ȼ֪ʲô磬ǹǡżۡһĺ
ȻǿȻ޵Ķ֡
ǧͷת޲ô˿̽嵯͸գ
ֻǣ⣬ȻǲܵģռͣԼ壬Щѡ
һ̣ƺǲмЦͳªĿԵʮֵĺ
һ˫ۣȷʵǲм
ףĿǰݰ˫ۣȻһɼ˵ɱ⡣
һ̣׵ģ͵һĸоͬʱͷŸ
һ˲䣬İĶӴĿɱ⣬˲ͬǧڱһ㣡
ꡪ
ꡪ
ͷˣҲˣǣȻվ
İȻΪߵϣһȫµķš
һ̣ķתһ̣ǱصҩЧҲȫЧı˳
˲䣬ǰڣȻڣһͻڣȻͻĶǰڡ
ľ磬Ҳһ˲ͻ˵㣬˿Ľ磡
ʱ죬Ŵһϵĵ̾
콣һεĳŋ֣Ƿɶ˻𣬲ݡ
ŋޣû죬ֱһʱڵĿռ䣬ٵ
˲ʵͻƣʹ˲ӵƺ
ռѣڶֵǸɲǣ˺塣
𣬷ɫ䡣
ǬתʱԾ
磬һ̣УԺУȫڰ

ſռѶ𽥵ĻָƽŋĬĬĿ죬Ȼһ
ǣ⣬ںȻ䣬ͬһͷȻŋֺм䡣
湻˰գ
ͷȻȵ
ŋѪ죬ʮַŭɵôĵۣȻһ׹⣬˲źͷȥͬʱ˸״ӡ
ֺȻһöɫӣŋ֣Ȼ˫ĿһĿʱͣȻ˲伫ٵĻûһСС
Ϊػޣְ𣬱ֻػԽ
ͷһ˵գö壬Ҳٴʧ
ŋһδ£ڵϡ
ˡ
죬͹Գ˳еľס
һ̣֮Уʱһλɫս׵ŮӣŮӣˡ
ʧĿռ䣬Ρ
˿һϢİ콣һӣһĽһʱٴν
һУŋȴֱӳڷȥ
˿ܣ΢΢һ̾Ϣʵ˫˸Ҳٴʧ


 


153 
ϳɽȣϡ
һСŮĬĬϣյĲ¡
ķ磬ЩСŮںϸͷʹСŮҲԳ˼į
Ͳ£һ𽻴Ե֣СŮһɫ鶯սף֮Ҳ˵ʵѾǲˡ
УһӰӿ£׹С
ϣСŮĿӰУȴǸüͷûһ¡
ʱһȺߣŮʮˣϳ˹ͷ֮ˣ̤ڷɽ֮ϡ
죬СѾͷɱʦܣϰͷ˵ţȴ̰СŮ۵ļ̲סһ嶯֮尡
ߣһŰ˾СŮʲôʵҸҿ
һûͷûԵԴȣһȣȱŽСŮɱ˹
ߣһȺ
СŮӺзȻһ˲䣬кȻһ߲ɫĽͬһ˫ʱӰ
ݡ
콣Ӱɣһ˲䣬вҽ
ۡ
ʮˣʱһ˲㱻ĨɱСŮüͷһ֣еĲʵ˫ҲմȾѪ
һ죬ʵ˫ʱ㻯ʹ⣬ʧС
Ȼǿɰ߰ģСŮȻԴĮɵȻмįĴĿ⣬ȻôĿϵĲǣ֮ǰһУһ

ӿ⺮̹ǵˮУ޴ĳʹ˲˹
ԭĽǺ˫ȣ֪ʲôʱѾȫĻָʵҲѾﵽĶڣ
ĶڣĿĽΣ
дϲһ˲䣬ȴ뵽޵ɲǣͷһıࡣ
Լûңûʵˡ
Ӧһ֣ǬָҲڣָ֮е꽣Ͳз罣Ҳڣû˰콣
ϣзսףҲ
һ̾ײûиֲܵɱ¾ȴȻս׺ͷɽսף̤꽣ɳˮ档
ֱ̹ǵˮôΪһ̶֮һֻһƽɽСӶѡ
ĿŨһ˴ĵ֮зĿտĸоʹɲǼôһ£
淶ΧҲǽ
ʲôط
һʱ뵽ֲĿռڶͺӿֲ֮һʱҲǱü˵ĵͳ
վգĿͶǻּɱʮ龳ߵˣ׵˫ĿǺݺһ
СŮΪʲôž˵Ƴ̶ȣžƵζ
ʶˣԱܵζΪⶫܳ
ˣʲôʱΪСŮˣҵСŮɣ
ͷĿСŮɰĵɫսϣһʱҲЩã
ϣƵزСŮ˵ĺ
ɲСŮƺǷ׵Ŀ⣬һ죬ʱһʵ˫϶Ϊһʱһ⣬
ݡ
ֲƿһܵģĽһʵ˫ʱһ֮յʹӰٵ˿
ף
СŮһȴǱľ֡
д˸ȴǵˣĪҪɱңף
СŮ΢΢һͣԼ֪˭֪˭ףǺˣ
΢΢һ㶣ʱҲЩȻǲʵ˫ȫԿ϶ˣˡ
һ̣׾磬ܿЦ
ܿܣһǰ硣
תˣٷԽ׵Ҳ費ˡ
ҵĿɰСŮ뵽˵ԸĹϵһܡ
ĺӣ֪Լ˭Ҫһ˳ϵķӣͯ꣬мֺù
ˣҽףİգԺһᱣġ׺ܼᶨ˵ǣȻ䣬һ˿ǣԼģɨһһ
ײûж롣
Ȼ֪Ϊʲô˻᲻֪Լ֣׵˫ۣҲһۿ˵ʵǿȻô˵ЩԲĸоһСӣϾǸСӣ̫٣磬̫ӣԼܻЩġ
СŮһȴվɴ۾ڵģͬǳһ˫ۣôֱֱĿס
ð죬СŮƫƫԴɰüҽˣˣôֵ֣šƺܺ
˵ţСŮͺȻ¶һЦݣɰСѣʱڰ۶ŵεϡ
ͨҵġ͸ˣ㣡СŮһЦ
͸΢΢һ㶣ѹֺȻЩԺĸоСѾͷʩչʲôѻ֮Ŀֲɣ
ˣ׵⣬УҲûʲôص飬Ժ̹Ȼ
£һĶǰڵ澳磬÷ſ飬Ȼƫִ֮ɡ
Ķ澳磬˼壬Ҫô룬ôҪѹƣҲҪԼԼ
׸磬ҵˣء
Ȼ䣬СṲֱ̊׻С
΢΢һ㶣ʱ׸硯ָ׵ɶʱ뵽˵ʱ򣬵һ仰һ׸硯
ײɿЦ
ԼȻǴԽˡ
ˣ㡭ܿˡ
ᱧˣֻһߵСŮͷȴһı
˴˿̶ʵδȴǲ֪ȥ˷˽ĽеĿѣ֪
ĳֳغͰػ֮⣬ʱʹСŮĲ
ůһθоůĸоˣľúҸÿ֡
ôߣ˽ı׵ȣһ㡣
̾˿õһСŮʲôˣý˵СŮʵʣֲġ֮塯Ϣ
ǵģ֮壬ֱܹʣ
ױ˷۵Сֱ˫ȣ׵ĸܵڵӴԪģͱڶеǽм
΢΢Щζ˿޵ѹҲЩܡ
ĸ˵ͷ׵ĸоȴǸӡ
ԭĸ飬һ̣ȴǲ֪תʲô
ʲôһĵĺǻɡ
ûж룬Ķǰڣô룬ôҪѹԼ
ңͲԼ磬ҲûбҪȥѹԼ
Ѿͷ׸㼸ֹҲܽϵս׺ͷɽ֮˾Ͳ鷳ˡ
׺º͵˵ţڱ˵ǰƺȫĲķ
ţ׸磬Ҳ׸ɷ
̧ͷ۾ģϵĴ棬ǹܣȷʵǷĵġ
ײ֪˵ġ͸Լпʲôһ˲Լڲ꣬Ǹ¶ĺӣȻҲȥ̫ࡣ
ǺǣɵѾͷ׸ԼҪһ̰ðҲʺԼĹ
һСѾͷıӣСѾͷɰĽͷһʱ㽫ͷ׵Ĵϣ۾ףǿ֡
׸磬㲻Ҫ˶Ĺ˶ǵúööĹأ˶кƯĽָкôĵطԷ˶ϲĵء
˱ϾǺˡⲻ˵ȻУ׵ľ룬ԺӵʩչССֶΡ
ţ׸Ƚ֮˵ղɱ˲ˣطҲ򵥣ֻһҪˡ΢΢һЦ
ߣЩɱȣ˶ˣ
˶ʱĹĵ˵СҲ
ȴһȣһֻǲʲô򵥵ĵطˡ
Ȼû˼ϣʱһȺ˱䣬ڵĳˡ


154 ֮
׳ӺǷŭȻӶĴڵӱɱϢΪǱȽȣ׳Ӿȵĵλϣ
һųϸֺ׳ӵ뿴Ǻ˵˲
ɱڡڣһˣմˣڷ
ԶԶף΢΢һ㶺֮⡣
ŽǰڵСӣҶʱ
ߣСʱȥһϲм
׳ӣȴһҰôôˣ
˵껰һˣѾվ׺ǰԶ
СӣǺˣɱȹеӣʵǻòͷˣ
׳װͰ͵֮Уɱ⣬ֻ˵䣬Ŀ˵ɫսϣʱ̰Ĺâ
ʱƺҲױֵǰɰˣɫʱ
ߣ
ͬһ׳Ӻˣһ
׸磬Щ쵰ʵڸҪˡ˶˵˿ȴûЩ˵ı顣
׵˵ͷ֪˵ʵЩˣ׾ǵĶ֣ʵ׸͸˵ʵȴš
˶Сĵ㡣΢΢һЦ˵ͷ
˻˸ɰЦݡ

ٺٺ٣ˣ滹֪Լʲô״̬գ
ͷȻ˵Ļǲ֪
С޶˵Ļô£Ӵˣ

һʱ䣬λ֮ҲǹЦ׶ˣǸûзϡ
һëͷСӣһСŮ޶ʲô˿ڳԣƫƫǸС޶˵ģЩȻǱġ
ʵȷʵУɱʵĵӣԼһˣǳϼĸ֣𵤺ڣĸ֣ǣٸʵС޶Ȼ˵֣ʵһǽİ׳ӣЦ
ǣһ̣СṲ̊뿪ӵĽʱ򣬰׳ӺϣĴ󻤷ɫʱѾЩɫˡ
ߣһȺ쵰
ֺǷŭһ䣬۵ֱһȻ󣬷ɫֺСֱӵһʱɫĲʵ˫ʱΪһֻһΪߣһ֮䣬˳ȥ
Ѹ͵ٶȺͿֲĽףҲĺ
⾪˵Ľһ˲䣬뵽֮ǰǿֲ޺սһɲǡ
һɲǣĽҲôһֲֿĽһ˲䣬ƺٵһ㣬ʮֲֿ
ؼ䣬ֻʣһĨ⣬ʵ˾֮
ǰԺ֮УģֻôһֲĽ⣡
֮ǰǺ˶ԿôһСУ֮²˲ܳһУңԿ϶ʱ˲ûɱ⡣
˿̣ƺ͸ֲġЩеĲͷɱ⣬ǳġ
״û뵽һҵСŮȻǿɱ⣡
ģǾĶ˰ɣ
һ룬ֶ˼ֵʹôһɰɫŮֲԼһûʲôŻᱻôһŮ޶ȴΪλᱻʲô
˼Ծܿ죬һ˲䣬뵽˺ֱܶ࣬һĨĨĺ⽣⣬˲䶴Щ˵ʱײŻع
ۡ
һƬıɱĴ׵ĶС
ɱʱˣСŮɫһŮζǿɰͱò֮УҲŮǵϢ
Ůӳˣһʮֵľˣ
뵽ʱ뵽˳ڽĳȫĿ϶Լ뷨
ڣ׻֪Լʲôʱʲôط
˵ɱˣײʲôֵģһˣǿʳˣı֣ȫģοһӣ
Ȼ޷ж羭˶ɱǹ⿴Ƭ̾ɱ׾֪СŮ޶ֻźܶ˵
۵һӣʵ˫ΪһֱͶֱ֮УȻʧ
ɫ¶ͷĺˮ˶ʱִſɰľߡ
׵Ĵȣȵĺ׸磬ķǣ׸磬֪𣿡
΢΢һͣ˴ӿ£֮Ҳȡ꽣Ц簡׸绹治֪أ׸һطĪСѾͷ֪˻ʣ
װ˵
գգ۾Ц׸磬˵ģˣԺˣô𣿡
һ˶㣬㶼Щʲô⡮͸ʲô
Ȼ֪ʲôĸоȴǺ֣ϾһԽܣҪǶһתܣǿɾͲˡ
ĵףתܣǺܼɵģԽȴ벻⡣
һЦ׸磬ʵֻҵͷ˲ܲ׽͸ҪȶԷʵش󾳽УңöԷűȽӡͷУǶԷ鱣пգ͸Ҳǻʧܵġ
Ҳ֪Լĵλ׸бȽҪһ֪λδҪڣԲƲġ
ô˵ײ֪Է֪Ĳ࣬Ͼĸоֻһ˲䣬һ˲䣬ԼĶҲȷʵࡣ
ʱױҲȻˣ˵ͷţȷʵ׸㣬ڱѩǵʱ򣬵ǳս
˵˵ʱ˵Լúȴ顣
üͷȴǷ׸磬ν淶ΧӦþһ硪˽磬˽ĿռݣǺģһڵĸֱ֣˺ƿռˡ
޿еġżۡߵʵˡ
ӷ˽翪ʼ磬ɽ磬滹磬֮ϣȴǲ֪ˡ
⴩Խʱգȴ漰ʮǿķֻ壬ǿֲķʥˣ
ģķ˵Ļô£˿ȴﻹСģ
ȴЦˣ˶ôʲô֪أҿ㸸ĸһ򵥡


155 ֲʵ
ĸƺûиĸҶ֪Ҹĸ˭ȻмʱҾһСŮһ죬ҺȻһöʯ֮ѹʯըѿҾʶ
ϵɫսףпռĽָȣһģԼ֪Ϊʲôأȷʵúܶ๦ƺѧͻˡ
˺˵һ˫۾ôף֮У׿һĿ
׳̾һ˵ͷοģȻ׸Сʱ룬Ժܶ飬׸綼Եġ
ǰ˵壬ܾҴһεĽѣ룬֪ʹ᲻صǸ磬ڣڣҾʱⶫһֱ˵鶼ˣ׸ȫһá
׸磬ã÷۵ֱס׵˫ȣ
һ˷۵ıӣֱӴӵµʬߴж˫һɨЩˣϾһûУӣ磬ƺȽ淶ΧҪȡ
𵤺ڵĸ֣ϾȻһֵǮĶûУ
ǣ˵۵Сֱ֣ӵķȣ˶ϳɽɽ¡
˿ɽ±һССƽֱ̨ӹĳһԪ֮һС磬Сƽ̨һ£ɿ˵Сֵ˶Ȼ׸粻̫ϤҲɱң׸Ƚ֮ѧ˵
˵գǿֵĿ£ֱӽǽɵɵ֮е䷽ȫĽڸˡ
ˣ׵ûʲô˽ֻǵɵɵը¯ʱ׼̸ˡ
׵Ľ˵ʾ鶯˫գգ͵ģ۵źһСֶʱֱԼһĨʱЩֲСŮ޶ȫ£ûһƣȫĻһͨСŮ
ңһɫȹһ·ȴǻ˵ɫͨС
ûǳƺ鶯ƣʱȫıһСһ۰
ůǿǰһ㣬ůһƬ
ܾûĸоˡ
ĸоһ׺Ȼ뵽˶Լ˵֮֮
΢΢̾Ϣ֪ߣһʵĽ磬Ǽģû飬飿ǱҪһ־תɡ
˾˵ʣȻҲӰʲôõĹԼĹȻ̵ˡ
ն಻ѹһ㣬˵ʣҲ˷ʱ䡣
ţ㴫ڸӰҲ⣬һӣȫѧˡ
ȫͱϢҲΪγĶڣź⡣
ٲ˴ˡ
̵ˣԱȻ޵ľ޴ѹ£ʵһԾͻƣǱϾǱѹȵģͻˣǸȶҲ׼úһֻһ£ױٴ˲μӿ
˶׸ָһ£ԼҲһ°գã׸ٺһĴ档
º˵Խºͣ׷֣УԽһɽ⣬⣬һɱ⣬Ǵﵽĵľһҳɳ
˺Ƕµĵ˵ͷȻнһһɫơ
˫ƣһߵ׸ǰ
ţվţȴһߡ
׸磬㣬һЩϢҲϾеġ˺˵ţһ˫۾ȴǲʱȥȻֲʱĽͷ΢΢һͣǳŮӺߵı顣
˿ɰĶҲ֪Ѿͷʲô΢΢һЦ˳ֽӹ
һԪͶ֮УʱӴϢԺ룬״Զʱ׻һ㣬ʹޱȡ
һ˲䣬һΣΪ˵ģŬ鴤Ƭ̣ױоһɿֲͬһɱڣ״󺧣Ѫӿʱ̲סһѪ
ۡ
׸硪һֱô˵ˣȴɵˣ㶵ģ۾У͸ʱӯľˡ
ʹ࣬˱㽫ԼԪףȴǲ롭
׿Цοûû£˶ԪΪ׸ˣ˵ġţ׸û£˶ģһͺˡ
ô˵ȴŬһԪĳ
Ԫһöըһڣʱĳģƺռ׵ĵΪԼ԰ȴǲ뽣һ޴ĺڶУʱ֮¸ˣȻзÿһ£ױֱѪ
ԭΪʵֻǸϷ֮Ŀֲ磬һ̣֪Լˡ
˾ϡ
ôʵײ
˸ѶϢҲӴľˣһİٿȫһ㣬ʲôҩݣʲôޡʲôصĵλãʲôطǧһȣʲôУ߰ɭ
һѪĳ嶯ǿѹŽĵķڣŬӴ֪ʶ
ѹʲôһΪ˺ɳҪ̵ĳʶ䵽֮һ㣬ֻǣ棬ȷʵû֮
һߣǳһ²磬ʮ꣬ôࡢôϸͳϢ
ʱǾ˵ı˵ˣû֮˵ıҪȥʲô
ԼԲѱˣԼʵͼʶֻǼȥ̾Ϣ֪ô֪ʶˣҲȫЩͬˡ
ЩëĲ֪Ҳôûйɣ˶κεεϤ׶ʱҲһ£Ҫصѣ
ֻǣⷽ˺֪ѣ
кţ֪ʶȻһ˵̶֪ȣӶǿţġ
ĵǹԪƬ̺ȶںϵ嶾Ԫ֮ˣҲһο񻯣ʵЩ˿־ˣԪĿ񻯡
ứˣǸĺվԼߣºһЦ˫ַ˵ϣֻĴָĲȵˮº͵ˣ˶ޣ׸ȫûˣ׸Ը˲Σͺˡ
˵ţһóһϵ˲Ρ
˿̣ȴǺȻ۾һϲ׸磬˰գ˼Уķأ


156 
ѧϰ˸ѾǸʲô¶ˡ
Ҳ֪ɵɵƪԶԶıҪǿö࣡ҲҪö࣡
磬͵ҩ̶ȣԶԶıҪֲĶ࣬ǣӴҲǧƷѣһӴĿǺӴģҲʮˣſôһƷƷ֮ϣֻ˵ϡ٣Ŀࡣ
ϣϡٳ̶ȣ˵
磬ټˣ֮ˣ
ʵ֮󾳽ĸ֣ȻԼǴ൤Чʮֲһը¯ûر֮ǿλʮֳȻĵɣһŵЧһƷļ۸
Ϊ˽⵽Щײ֪ɵɵֱʹκɷĹ
ʱ׶ʱҲЩˣ˽磬ǬָӣǲףرǱѩǣȻɽѩǣʵҲȷʵǲ
ʵѩǾǷŵ磬ʵҲǲģϾ𵤸ĸ
ĲͬϢױ֪磬ԪӤڣǼ۷ĸˣԪӤϵģ֮мûôἰԪӤ£Ԫڵĸ֣Ҳἰ𵤾֣ܺˣ
ԭΪӴ磬ƵĿռ֮УԪӤڵĸӦúֻܶ࣬û뵽ԪӤڣ֮иԡϡ١Թᡣ
һ룬ױҲ֪ԪӤ磬ֻʮͻˡ
֮УҲἰˡѡҲй򵥵˵ϸݹͬٿȫһ׺ܲ²⵽Ϊ˵֮ˣЩġ
ˣ˱ˣҲŲѵĿԡ
ͷһ˲˺ֱܶ࣬÷۵ֱҡʱײ˹
ײ˼ʱŻͣΪ˱ֵ
Ŷ˶Ҫ¯ģ׸ҲĹҲڸɡ΢΢һЦ˵ĵǡ
ţ׸磬˿ԲҪ¯Ŷǵһ׸ģ˲Ūըġ˺ܿ϶˵
˶ʲôţѧ׸紫Ĺ֪ĶЩҲȫһЩײһСΪԼȻ˲ͬСӡ
ţðɣ׸磬ѧô๦Ҳѧ˵Ĺա˵ţָ׵ıӣȻô׵ıһ£Ȼ󿩿Ц
ײҲ⺢ӰĶŪЦˣǾ͡͸ɣСѾͷ͵׸ˡ
׸磬ԭ㴫ڵǡɵ͡ɵѽЩ˶ˣͻˡ׵ıгĹһЦ
ȴһ㶡
֪ˣ⹦µڴ֮еĽ氡ôھ֪ˣ
һʱ䣬׵һοʼ˺ǵĹϵ
˼ǰ׿ԵóĽֱۣԼƷˣãֻҡͷ
νˣôҲ޹ؽҪҪ˻˾ͺá
׽Ǭָһǧĸɿ˲˳óŵݣֻҪҩݣֻҪǬָģһԶ˳Ҳʲô˲õĶһ
ԪʯĲз罣ҲҲʲôˡ
˿˿Ȼ׸磬Ҫʼˣ㿴Ŷ
׵˵ͷ˵ͣ׻ǺĵģûаգȻԶЩ
˿ûô˵Ȼ˺š
ģ׺ȻãˣͲһСǱС˵ļƷŮ
Ȼ㲻뷨Ҳ˲佫뷨ѹȥ
˫ۣĿƵĶ˵Ķ
ûƹʲôĿǰΪֹȻΪ˲٣ǽȻûķų
ˣ鶯˫ĺЩҩݣԭǱ˿ռָģʱһУʱЩҩıȫĳ֮С
ʳָָ⽥Ľ˸˿Ҳ۾Ȼţȴһָͬһ㣬ʳָʱյ׺ٶȺͶѵˮһ㣬ʮˡ
Ƭ̣ʮĽ⣬ΧһԲΣռһŤɫԲζʱʼ˸Ȼ˸֮У˲εҩģ𽥵ĽɫĹȦ֮С
ţɿֽһ֮γһյĻΣȻǴһ㣬ٵĴмһ棬һɫĻ棬Ȼ򵥵Ļ֮˳
ɫĻһԵĿռһŤһ㣬͡š
׵ģҲһɫĻ棬
һһⷢĿԿƵĻ棬
֮󣬷Ļ棬ǿֲľŽ
ȻѾϰܸԼ𾪣һ̣Ȼʮֵľȡ
ȻȣȻȫĵĶ˵ĶϾ͹ۿĻᣬǰδеģҲǼ˵ѵõġ
Ȼ˵ؿտײһȵĵλ㲻С֮ǰ˹Ϻͻһˣ˿ٶʱǲŵġ
ĿĶ˵ĶĶСӵϣڻ֮С˵ģôůƽ
ܰҲҸͿֵĸо
΢Ц˽ɫһķɢ˿ȻֳΣͬˮһһŵ𣬶ʱѭʮΧɵԲתȻҲ˲ںϳһֻǴ˿̽⣬ѾɫĹȦ
֮Уԭɿݵ˲εҩģʱٵڻ˿γɫҺ塣
Ƭ̣ϵķţ˹ȴ˿޷ͻССɫȦ
ɫ𣬾һ㣬һһ˵ĸЩӶһһεĽǵѹȵɫҺ֮С


157 ռػ
ϵڣϵɫѹȣľϵķ
׿˵һ˫С趯ķɿ죬Ƿӵӡĺ͵ɵ־ϡ
ͷ𾪣ĹѧѾ˵ˣⵤɵɽĹ˵һãȴϤ˲
ǿֲٶȣ˫۵ķۺɫС֮пٵĴͬλһٶĲӰ׿ͷ𺳡
֮˱ѧҲѧġ
Ҳ֪٣ҲȲѣǲԼѧḶ́ԼԸ
˵ٶԽԽ죬ҲԽԽǿ󣬿ֲɫһĵ״̬֮󣬺Ȼȫͷ˳ڡȫ
ԭǺɫҺ壬һ˲ɺ˻ƺɫɫϯ֮ĺɫʱ㱻ų˳
˲Ḷ́һҵսһ㣬ǿʵֱСʵһٻʵһѪ˵ã
׿ѪʣҲͬͬһݿս̣ȱƽȻۼȫѸײڶ֮ƣһٽԷݺݻ
Щƺһ㣬Ҳ׵һսľˡ
͡
ǻƺɫٴαɫ֮󣬶ʱһϸĺɫҺӻ֮ȻܵʱҺ֮оۼٶ֮죬ֱǷ˼ġ
׺ȻԭҪҩ֮еľѹեгȡؼĴϣѶ֮£ѹһɵҩ
ипһ߻ѵãһҪ˾ܵĲٿػûзлҲǰ״߼ǰ㶼ˣ֮ĳȡḶ́ȴѰյһ㣬ΪһҺ޷ȡҪ֮˱æȡںϣֲԵ̫ڿ⣬ⷽѶǺܴġ
˵Ķӡ֤ŵɵ֣һʱΪ̡
Һ۵ʱһĶҺ֮γˣһеĳ֣ҲһԤʾöҩҪ͡
ɫɫһֱûб仯˵ɵ֮ӦǱСһԪ
͹ԪͬԪҪϼ֣ҪñԪԪȴǲԪ˲ĪЧ
Ȼת֮󣬶ʱŵҩ𽥵ĳˣĵҩƺɫĹâۡ
ƺʲô׽̵䷽ֱĳʱ׷֣Լ򵥵䷽УȴǷӳĪĹЧռܣ׸оԼ͸һ㣡
ѾˣϾʵ̫ǿˣױҲϰˡ
΢΢һЦԭɫ棬ʱǿֲĸо𽥵ıõȻ󣬷۵Сһӣɫ𣬶ʱ㻯˻ɫ
һĿֲ֮ƺҲ𽥵Ľ͡
ȻٹƬ̣ɫѾ˰ɫĽ𣬶һ̣Ҳ͵͵ĳ̶ȡ
ףʼʱ򣬱νġ𡯣ҲǸǿʢĻ棬ҩЧ裬ʹ˲佫ȫľԪ³ȫԱե֮֮Ļ𣬱ǲ㳲Ļ棬ʹõں£𽥵ơ
ʱ䣬ԵĽ϶̣Ļʱ䣬ȴʮֵ
㵤һϸĻκһʹȫʧܡ
һ㵤¯֮УֿüĳɵḶ́
ɵ֮ǰںڻɵ֮ǰгɵɵĻգʹóɵ֮󣬵ۣɾĹ̡
֮󣬱ҪϵĻһĳȴ޹صʣʱֱȫϣ˽ᵤĹ̡
ᵤ֮󣬵̺ҩݵԺʵҲûĥ𣬱пԼߣ£յԵüҪ
һ֮ˣ̸ɻԱ߹ۿ㣬֮ˣǹ¶ĬĬᵤ֮ﻹʲô֮ȥֹٶȼѸ͵ĵеܣ
Ҳһ⣬˵ȻҲ⡣
ޱĶײò˵ƺκιУں̵ܶʱڽ۷һ㡣
нԵĳ嶯Ϊ׵ı£һǲȫĹɽͷˡ
ϿյɫȦѾޣʧˣƺɫĵҩѾȫĳΪ˵ģȻֻţҩģţ׶úˣһγٿŵҩģϾҲֻ뵱Ȼѡ
̶ȣԶԶһ಻ܳʮţĿһҲ¡
£ȻѾɣǽĻḶ́ȴҪĺܶ࣬Ȼ˵ַ˵죬Ҳʮֵǿ󣬵ǾٲҪʱ䣬˽ʱĻ𣬰һٱһıϵٵٸʱ
ٸʱǽӽһʱˣ
Ԫĵҩ˵ûһʱ䣬ȷʵǺֲܿġ
Ǽ̵֤ĵҲž̾
ֻһǸԼġԪƷԪʯ꽣з罣֮⣬Ҳûʲôˡ
з罣һͨķ˼ʵ㲻ϡ
׿ˣЩۣȴҲûгˡ
ˣ˿̿ƽʮСĻ棬Ȼ֮
ƿسһ棬գɿ֡
ڼգȴʱҪˡ
һֽ𵤻һ𺳡
֣֮һ漴Ϩ𣬵ƺûⷽƣ֮𲻽ȼգƺȶһ㣬Ҳǿһ֡
ŵ˵ĿػѾһǿˡ
״ı飬һЦ¶ɰСѵ׸磬ռػҽһռ뱾ҪȼյĻķȻеȼռɡ
ܺȶȼٶʮʱˣᵤḶ́Ҳܸˡ


158 ͸꾳
վ׵ߣ׵˵
󣬶ʱҲǿķȻֻҪػ㹻ǿȻһֹԣȼյĻһΧԵܴﵽЧ
׺ĵ˵ͷ˶㻹Ǵ
˵ͷ׸пĶ࣬˿̣ϵǵζ˵ζϡûУڽĲ
СŮ޶Ȼ׸һĸоǸУȴǺǹ졣
ײ֪˵δԼԼĹȥ˰Լ
ԽԼЩԺ
׾һԼʵȶ˵ĵú󣬱һȥȥİħǣȻӰħǴǣǣǽڵǸ򣬶ͨ簵ħǵĴǡǡԨ֮µħ߷Χ֮У
ֻһ޷˷
ңΪħϵ߶ħߣԣڽôͷ˻ӵҲź֪
׸磬˽㡮͸ⵤҩʱǶҪȥˣ͵һºյ
˸˵˵ƺɵһܼ򵥵һ㣬Ȼ׵ĳǿġ
ҲһЦ˵ķ۵СӣˣܿɰĽͷһ¿ɰķɫСͷ
ƺϲԼĴȣٴαԼĴȣײһЦ
ʱǿɰȴǺܶĴ˹һߵʶֶΣ׶泣ʶȫ˽͸Ҳ֪
㣬Ҳף˲ǲԼ֮еĹǶԼܺã˵ѣ⴫ֶΣȴǷֹ֪
Ϊԭ֮УˣҲ׽˼֣̬ȣ˵Լĵλһ㣬ΪûʲôĻıֳȫ˵⡣
͸һ־ʶʶںֶΣӶһ˲䣬ͨԷʶֱӵĸܶԷ뷨һҪģҪޱǿ־Ϊ̣־ֻһּ͵̬ѣʶȱȽƮĶ
˻͸ʶݸס͸ԭй
һ˲һľˣľ磬ֳΪ꾳磬͸õģһֶ꾳
еͳΪ徳磬徳磬Ϊ磬Ҳⲿľ硣
ڲľ磬꾳磬꾳磬ȴű徳ľ
ȻǱ徳粢ȶô꾳Ӧͺ
꾳Խߣֳ־ȣԽǿȻȻÿƿء
͸һֽ꾳ȥӦԷһеֶΣȻֶθӦʱ򣬲ȫ˽⵽Էĵ׵κ뷨øлеȣȴǸ֪õģ
ңһԷпգֻܲ鿴ԷΪ޷͸Է뷨
˵ף͸һʶ˲˵ֶζѣΪԵıܵĸ֪Ķ
΢΢һЦ׵һ֮󣬶ʱѾȫĶˣʱ΢΢һ̽ľ磬ʱ׷Լ꾳羹Ȼﵽ˿ֲĶڣ
徳磬ȻĶǰڣȴȶ
꾳ﵽĶڣһʱףֻڿ֮Ķڵʵˣ
ȻĿ꾳磬ֻǱ񻯵ȥˣϾһȶʵǿһ磬꾳磬ȻҲžľġ
Ȼ˿ûп񻯣ǿ񣬿񻯺ʵȫĴﵽ˿ֲĵزңԪĲͣḶ́ﵽĶڣҲûʲôԡ
꣬Ķڣٶȣʲôһǧֻ꣬ȥһǧʱ䵽ڣ㹻ˡţȴмָˡ
ٻعͷ̽һ˵ΪȻĿֻбڵΪ
Σ֪˵Ϊʵڸ߳Լ̫࣬Ҳ˶˵Ĳ̽
˶׸ˣţҲѾѧˡ΢΢һЦ
׸磬ҲôҲ޵ɰӣʹ̲ס˵ɢ⵭ĹĶͷһ¡
СѾͷ΢΢һ϶ʱһĨߺ죬˼ĵͷ
һŮ㶯Ȼ㽿ߵСŮ̬ȴ΢΢һЦȻԼҲһļ
һ̣׷֣֮䣬飬ǡ
׸磬˺ܿͳˡ
˵С˵Ƕ˿ȴǺߵĲˣϸӡ
ЦŹһ˵ķ۵ıӣЦѾͷ׸磬㵽׸ӦʲôˣȻͺôˣ̵׸͸׸֪͸ûôǿЧģ
׹ϡ
ȴȻСƫһߣ˼ǣƫ˵ô
СѾͷôСһ㣬ȴǸʮŮ̬Ҳů
ĪҸͿֵĸоȴûͬһýⱻĥ£ãƺӵ͡
ȥΪֻǱԼ֮ҪЧ
Ȼ֮ûгƫֺദôˣȻҲο
ƺûԼЩί׵½ǣ׸磬˵òã㲻Ц
׻ع΢΢һЦ˵Ǻǣ˶˵գ׸ôЦء
һӿƺǸжı׵Ĵȵ֪׸
˺ǿģһ˲䶼֪ȥһһı£Ҳһ̾
׸磬ʵĵһۣ˾֪йϵܸоڵѪƺѪЩ֮أ˵Ѫͱ˲ͬ˿֪ϵģֻպ㽫ŶֵģҲҪɱˡ
˵ţһί
ףһ̣ȴҲ뵽ǽ㵱ԼѪǽҲÿɷƵķֻǽ㣬ˣЩǣء


159 Ԫ
Ĳ²⣬ʱҲ֮ǰһжЩӡ֤
ңر˵Ľⶦĺµ޼Ҫ˵ûϵԼš
Ҳԥŵ˵жϡ
ң͸׸ʵ˺Ҫһʵܵ͵˵˼Ҳѣ˿Ȼ࣬ϵǰҲˣ˲׸ģ׸ĿеĵλҲܸߣ˲׸׽Ϊ֪׸ķĵĹ˵İΣġ
˵ţ֪ǼǸжǹȫӵһչָס
ıˣһʱҲǸдĶࡣ
Ǹɫս׵һįӰŮӣǸÿһγֶԼǣӸγϵŮӣССŮصһ
һʱ䣬ܣȴǻȻΣ֪Լص˶ǰ

һרעںڵϸĳȻƤȴȻԳĶϣ޳ĽëԵչţǹĶƺ޴ڡ
̵ͦıӣӣС촽ţ۵Сϣĺƣ˵Ķˡ
֮УҲǸ˵СѾͷʮֵϲ
ģ󣬿Ǹǵˡ
׿˿ʼҲ˿ջյĵҩҲʼ֮С
һ̵ףõĶѾܶˣΪ̬࣬Ҳͬˡ
ٲǰһûʵʵĿ꣬ûѡԵԣһεȫ˵״̬ϣҲġ
һע㣬ȻҲûŴľ飬׶ڽ֪ҲһµĲ档
ҲˣʱֻǻָȶԼľ磬ѶȲرȻʵһĶڣȫǱѹģ꾳ĸ֪֪Լ꾳ﵽĶ֮󣬶ЩѾȫĲˡ
ΪֻŬĹԼΪǰڣ׿ʼŬԱԪ֮Լ壬ʵʼǰڼ
ΪѾͻƣȫֻΪ˹̣ѶȲһʵѾˡ
ײûиԼ壬ŬȶΪһ׳Ȼȶ
̤澳磬ҪһʳҲһЩ⣬ʣǿ弡ëɢУһ߶ǧ꣬Ҳ赣⡣
յųȴǻӵʺڵĳȻҲ⡣
ʱһֱţ֮УȫעΪ˵ĿֲֶΣﲢı˷֣ңƺҲǶ󷨵ģԣ׸ǲõʲô
һֱһµʱ䣬Ҳ쵽ˣֻȻͻˣϣҪΪѶȣʵЩֲһǱޣΪ߲ԶԪڳȡŨȸӵܼǾһʱ䣬ҲֻѾͻƵΪ̵ھ磬Ķǰⷬ磬ȴ㣬
꾳絽ˣҲˣֻûй̣ͷҲ
һ£ױܸо΢һ㣬ҲӵĿɰһ㣬ȴһ㡣
վĬĬû˵
ȻĹ֮д˿ѾУֻҪһչԼ壬ⲻ˵Ҫֹͷžȴǽͷѹʱûȥˡ
вȴʱҲûκζȴֹͣɫĹâصڲֱ֮ӵһֶ֣ʱֳһ棬һɫ
һ̣Ѿ֮Ľᵤˣʹ
һ֣ʱȻ䡰ʱԪʱɣҲһȫʧ
һɲǣ۾ȻΪԭ׵ɢźɫĹԪȻͬһ㣬Ȼ伤˳ȥ
ٶȣʹ˲һ㶣Ҫ׷Ѱȴˡ
Լײɰ̾һ£ֻ¾ô˷ˡ
ǣƺѾƵһУɫĻʱΧԪϺɫâһһ˺Ȼɫһ㣬ݵٶȶʱͣҲҳˡ
һ̣ײǸˣȻҲܻ𵤣ŵѾԼԣѰ·ģǳ壬İΧȥ˵ĿػҲܱ֤Ԫ˿ˣһӲȥ
ɫâһֱϯŵҩһӣȻ쿪źɫԪ˸Ŵ۵Ĺâ鶯ķţȴǺʵûġ
ԪţÿһŵҩЧԶԶԶĳ˲ĹЧ
ʮֵףܽٵҩģŵҩţֻǳˣû˱ˡ
˵׵иңΪֲĹĿı죬Ḷ́ȫԿ׵Ժ֮УϵɵḶ́ײϵӡ֤ţֻһѧĶʵ̫ˡ
׸磬˺Ǹ˵ŵҩݸףһ˺ܶСӣϣõ˵һ㣬۾ǿ
һЦ˵ͷͷȵ¶ȣôȻ
׽ӹԪóǬָ֮еƿȻŵҩǿŹԪһȻǬָ֮С
˶ԣ֪Ԫͨʯͷûʲôֱ˼򵥱ɵĵ϶ԣֻҪҵҩģҪж٣ⱾΪԼƵĵҩҪǲܣġ
ײȥĽֱӵĽ˹Ȼ˵ţ˶Ԫ׸ֻҪһţȫΪȶĶǰˣȻָһʵȻ׸Ƭ̣׸ȶΪһȥǰħǵĽ硣
ˣײûпӿ
׺ܸ˵Ľŵҩ˹Ȼ¶ĿɰЦǳǳľѣ޳Ľëͺ۾һգһգģʵǿɰ֮


160 Ľ
׻һЦһȡһԪ
Ԫ˼֣ͬṉ̀Ԫ׳Ԫ
ȻԪʯƷԪʯ״˿̸ûյʱҲֻܵǰѡ
Ԫ˲Ǽ˷ѣֵãǡǡԪǡǺʣȻ
ҩȶȻȴԼûʵٶıǿ̸
һ㣬׺ףԸҲͲʲô᲻óԵĸо
һԪޱȵƺԸⱻȥһ㣬ɼⵤԣʮֵǿġ
׵ȻһЦһԪֱӰȻֱӵĽԪȥ
һǣԪʱͶ͹֮еһŻһ㣬ʱٵȼȵ˲䵽ɲǣ׶ֳűĸо
һΣᳵ·ʱƿ壬ŽĵȻԿĽľ磬תɢǿ棬ϵԼ壡
Ḷ́ʮֵǿң׳ʮǿѾоʲôʹˣңϾµֻΪ˹Ϊѣٴεͻơ
Ľ֮У־ļͶϵţĵУҲȡ˴ʵƺõĻ۶ʵķԾһ㣬Ľ΢΢һĶʱƺõһ͵һȻСˣٶȿˣȴǸӵĿֲˡ
һ̣Ҳ˲׵ľ㣬Ľڴˣ
ҲζţʵҲȫͼڣ
ȻѾͻƵľ磬˿ȫĹΪһٳƣĶǰڣĶǰڡ
޴ϵۻϵĴ壬ʹױ壬Ҳһųȵһɫʡ
þãþá
ڣԪҩЧƺȫˣ׵ʵȫĹĶǰڵĵزȻûдﵽɣ֪Ѿǿż򵥵ĳҩģҪľͽٴͻƣܴٴξ
ϾԼǽŽľ磬ܴʵֿűͿʵӶ꾳Ľԣؼڽͻƣ
һ̣ҲǿˣĶǰڵȶ磬ȫȶظųˣлǺܸˣҲġ
عͷ˵ʱɴ۾ԼײҲ¶һ΢Ц
ȴǽͷһƫҲ¶һһЦݡ
Цݣûʲôɱ׶ԣúܿɰҲúο
̣ҲֻԼĪһʱ䣬һ˵ʱȫ̫ࡣ
΢΢һ£ǰԼٶȣԪȥҪһʱ䣬ܹԼΪ乮Ķǰھ磬£һ죬ѾﵽˣǵҩĿֲ
һٱʱ磬κ˶Ϊⶫ׵ģ
и̾ȴǲûվǳԵԿĽƽģųһССİɫĽ
һ̣ܸܵĿֲģȴûͬǰһһ㼴ʧ
Ƭ̣ԼջɫĽԼĪʱ䣬ȴԼɵ
ڽĺǿֲ֮еתֱӵĳȡؼתŸṩ䡣
ʵˣ׷ԼĻظҲǿı̬
ĵԼĪʮӣȫĻָˣ
׺ܸˣ֪ǴﵽĽ𵤾磬ԼӦˣ
վ˿̲Ҫ´ŵˣȫһչͷѵȻ

ʱһ󳴶ӰըϵĴϵĹͷ֮дȻɱ֮ڱ֡
ȫˬֻԼʶӵǿˣΪȶ꾳磬ƺҲǿΪϰ͸׷֣ԼĿ⣬ҲϬƺ䣬Եıܱ͸εںһ
ˣ׸ҿ϶һܿܶʵܶߵΪ
һзս׶ʱΪһɫĳۣ꽣ΪϹƵĨȥ˶Էµľӡֱ֮ӵѪȡϿĽƿȫˡ
ůЦݿһۣڴĿ֮Уǣ۵С֡
˶߰գ׸ȥ
΢Ц˵
˶ʱֳ˼ϲֵľһõ˸ĸӦߵĺӣǸ˵ģֵģҲвмѹ˵ͯ꣬ɱ¾֮Уûʲôֿԡ
Цݣͷһů
Ȼȥ棬ȷʵһܲ⣬Ҫģص֮ȥ֤ʵԼ׻صʲôʱ
ȥ񵽵Ǻ֧ţȥңңֵôһ¡
صȥǿ϶ģǹȥĶ꣬ȴǲ϶ˡ
ûмһ˵Ϊÿߣʱ䳤̣һ꣬Ҳ塣
ǽȴǲͬ׼ǵãһ꣬ǽϵһ꣬Ҳ69124ꡣ
꣬͵ϵũ겢̫ҲмȥоеʲôĲͬ꣬69124ֻ֪꣬ҪԼûдԽϣӦÿͨϵļ꣬жԼԽ˶ꡣ
Ŀģ׽Ųڲз罣ϣ꽣ȴǱ˱ϣ˿Ľܲŷɽ꽣ˣһҲ쳣ԻᵱԼǽڵĸ֣ڸ֣Ѿ˲ˣһû˸ȥǡ
Ϊʹúܶ˶˿Ŀȫ
˺ϡ٣ǳȣײ֪˶Ŀֲ
Ծһǳأˣ಻ʤУҲżȥٶҲȷʵȽϿ졣
ڵЩˣߺͷ˶һ𣬷˼߸ȥߣҲ֡
һЩߣеĸˣҲĽĿҲ⡣


161 ħǡħѪ1
簡棬ձ鵽ÿ˵֮Уߺͷ˽һȴǲһķ˶ʲôģԼе磬ֻƺ̫٣
һ·и̾ţ˵ֱǣţȻۣȴҲů
ƽղټЩͷǶûʲôо˿Լ÷У״ţ㴵ſ磬ؼ׳УһʱҲޱȣֻãԭ磬ʮֵľʡ
һ·жܿ죬˶ϳɽǷΧһĸɽˡ
һɭȻΡĸɽһĸɽɽһۿȥһױǣߵĸ߶ȣɽĶӻ
״շУ߶ȻнǧףȴȻãɽСɽ
ɽҲ濴Ͼ˻£ܿһЩ֣ײΪûи֡
һӴ󣬲ԪӤϵ伣ġ
ٶȺܿ죬Ľ֮ٶȣͨٶ޼
Խɽױ˳һ֮
һ󷨣ɽɽ֮УӴĴɽ룬һ޴ϵĴ󣬲ʱ˸׵һĻ⡣
ȻҪϵΪڣױҲģңвзսף
սףȫ͵ģȻԵֿռ˺ѵĶƻȻҲҪġ
ĴͣҪǴԪԪ㣬˵ԪԪȴǿĺܣҿ΢뾫׼Ҳ赣ġ
˶Ԫħǣ
΢΢һЦ˵ԼĻУȻӿл¡
һʶԶƲз罣صǬָ֮С
˵ֱӹ׵Ĳӣͷ׵ĻУȻֱٿһָһԪ֮ԪתֱӼ˳
󷨶ȻһȻͬף
ڡ
͡
ȻһźֲܿռģһһİɫâеĿռ䣬ǱһſֲĿռڶ
䣡
һɿֲҪѹȶɫһ䣬ʱозս׳ܲסʱֱֻһȦɫԲʱγһ޴һ㣬˰棬Ƭ̣Ǿ޴ѹȻѹڽɫȦϣɫȦһΣȴ˲佫ѹȷ˻ȥ
ռһʱָƽͷ亹乣û˻صΪ⴫̫ڿֲ
ԸܵǴ͵ĿֲͷҲһ亹ֱð
û뵽⴫ͣȻǿ͵淶ΧĴűʵ⴫ͼֱֲ̫ˣ
ǹɿռѹǲзսףԵĿסʵ̫ǿˣ뵽֮ĴͣױҲȻˣ֮ľ룬ϸ㣬ǿֲϵľ룬ռԾֲܣ
оɲȴѾɢĻһ
׸վʱһɿֲѹȶзս׶ʱӿһǿƵĳ˫ȵ¹
𺳣ط֮
һڻ谵ĵ򣬵һۣ׾ͽͰħǵͬ
ȷʵħʵǿⲻǿ󣬶ͷϣʵȻħһǷȴźܴĲࡣ
£ⰵħǣħڵȻߺħ߱û̫ĲͬҲ࣬໥֮Ҳû̫ĳӣħȴǱȽֱˬǰ˾ȴϲƹĽթԣսȻ࣬ҲԲ٣
׸Ŭվһ̣۵İ׹һ֮Уʱһɫսɫӡ
ˣòӥʨǣƤ԰׵Щľһɹɷʱɢ
һȥһ⣬ˣԪĸ֣һԪڣΪ׵һӣȴԪڡ
һ۶˵Ϊзûһĸˣ΢΢һӶ꽣һڽ£ˣ̤С
ˣ׵ԼĶʮ־һеϣԲһǹɫ
ֻǣԶȥ˲΢ƽ
ǺȻ䣬Ϊ׵һ𣬺Ȼߣǰڵģƺã
ֵǣϣɱˣ˽𵤣СŮ޶
ߣ߾Ȼ壬ߣһȥһŸͷӳ
磬ȷôǰħǣһǹȻЩ֡
ߣ˵ģôдҿ˾ߣһǰħǣжϣľͲֻнǰҵʵĽ𵤣Ҳֵֹܵܿްٶֵ꣬ˣһֽӺٺЦ
ϻʲôߣǳŵϴ͵ĽһӣһѪĹâȻӵϱ˳ʱ˳һѪ·
⵶Ȼһɱ¾֮һƷ
һ֮£¶ϲħѪˣ֣һԼ˾ϲջˣ
ãԽǰڣԪڵΪҲû˿Ĵ⡣
ԼԦԼգȻâ˲׳ɱȥ

׼ٷţüͷȴǺݺݵٱֹ
ֲıѹر󣬵ȴ޷ϰߣϾٱѹٱ˵͹ȣһ˲ӦӴѹȵģ
嶼ڲĸǳͬһ㣬ûС
ؿڷ·ѹһ޴ʯͷȻ˿ԻĿѣ˵ĶȴǱֹˣħ߾Ļ֮棬һӣ˰æԼԶĲܽ
׺ףҪ˷ЩȻѣôҪԼѧȥӦ
Ӱħǵһ󣬾ңԶڼ䣬ɺǿ
˼ţȻ䣬ռ亮âһһѪɫĹâһ̣ȫĺëһɲǶȻһ
Щˣ֪ʲôȻˣ


162 ħǡħѪ2
˵֣Ҳ˲侲
г˼뵽ڰħǵһɲǣĲķӦԼУжʱƲһֿܡ
Ǳǣ֮ûбԷ͸Է϶ԼǽǰڵߣӶ׼ɱ˶ȡ𵤡
ϾħĽ𵤣ҲһʵĿ֮Ȼ߲ûԵɱǲħ߱ûС
һ˲䣬һ֪ĿԣڶԷ͸ϵķԼϵķƷʣǸͲܡ
׷ٵ˼ţȴˣվ֮С
ˣʵʮֵǿٶȣܳǣҲûõġ
һûߣ׻治֪ԼζһѣߣлǺܷĵġ
׸磬ЩɱȡĽ𵤣ʵڻ͸ˣȥɱǡ˵ƺ˪ֱ׳֮Уɱƺв˲ࡣ
΢΢ҡͷţǶ߲ԶڳҲ١
ȻײԸһСŮ󣬵ʵȷʵǿ󣬶Ȼٱȫ޷ӳʵҲۿۣȻЩԪڵħ߸ֵĶ֡
ʱħΣնδ֪ܶౣһһײɵȲҪԼȥһ˳֣ǲܵģϾʵ̫󣬲ɱǱɱĽ뷨׸û
Ȼںҵߣ׻һս֮ģ֪ԼǶ֣Ը˼
˼ţռ˸ʱ˱γһ㣬׺ȫΧ
ˣòӥʨǣƤ԰׵ЩľһɹɷʱɫսɢرģһһѪɷ֮Ѫɫ
ϵľ޴ɷʹףһķƣĵѾ˱ĵ͵ƣ֮󣬱һƷˣƷѾ˵ĵԣԺ⽣ǿҵĵִ
зƣ⼸ˣģҲ΢΢ĳ˳
ײ˵вǶ⵶ɷܲ
ߣСӣΪߣܵħҪľ𵤣øүӰΪ
ǳֵаһЦк˸
ȻеĵһƷǵƣȴʮֵӴ˲͵϶Ϊһһ֮ҲоѹһֲƥеĸоͷǾ塣
ײֵ֪ӣȴǱ׸Ǿ塣
ΪħѪǿģ⵶ƣκθ֣ǱԼҪǿ󼸷ֵĸ֣ħѪ£ҲܵӰ죬Ҳһ˲ǶԷȴƺֻüȴǲûٱֳʲôȻ侲ĶԴ
ǸСŮ޶۾ûգһ£Ǵ۾ǿһĶԼ
ﲻһһֵ̣Ӷ֪ԼΪʲôȻʮֵĺǺȻ䣬ʲô޴Σսһ㡣
ֲĸоʹóֵ˲ľ֮һ˲䣬еħѪҲȫͼһ
ˣǷ׷׳֡
׸磬˸˵Ľ𵤣˵ȻһЦЦ֮Уһɱ⡣
׶ʱħѪ֮лعظһ񵭵΢Ц
˺ȻɨѾɱߵһۣȴûаĸ顣
ߣ
һһףݺݵ˵ĶߣһʱеĶȫĴ
һӣʵ˫ʱʺ磬ֱӼ˳ȥ
ʵ˫ٶȺܿ죬쵽׸޷׽ʵ˫ĺۼ
ǿռ䴫ȴ˵ˣѾ군ˡ
ۡ
ӳһƬһ˲ֱӵ쳹ڿռ䣬ʶ˵ãޱֱ֪Ӵ͸˶ԷţɱȲλѾǱˡ
Ԫ磬𵤱ѾʼڻԪӤʼˣ˿̵Ľ𵤣Ƚ̺ȴǼ˵Ӵʺա
˴ţһ̣ȴͬȪһ㣬ȻѪȻȻ䳯·׹䡣
ٿһץʱٴըѿŰɫĽѾ·ա
üͷ΢΢ɫ˼ֳ
һ̣˱ֹĳһɫġԪֱӵĽǳĽ𵤸ȥ˲֣ʱŽ𵤱ԵЩɫˣɫҲˡ
˳һЦȻŽ𵤵˹Ҳº͵һЦȻ󵱼Ǭָ˽ȥ
񣬹ԪһţԪţԪڸֵĽ𵤣ƷԪʯ㣬ܽʡ˽ʱ䣡
ħѪӥʨһױ㽫˹˿Уиһķơ
һȻӡǾʧˡ
õ⵶Ҳ֪⵶ħѪֻǲãױ
ûеѪȡǽһԵĵѪȡĻôǼ䲻ġ
ˣײŲѪȡֱӵĽȡǬָ֮С
ˣֵǮĶҲһѣģЩʵĶ㲻ֻЩԵѣҲû⣬¿ռ䡣
ֿɰԼߣůߣԼѣٲҪŪԼôǱˡ
ǣ˵֣ײɹĵ˶֮ǰһֱɱ¾İգΪˡ
ЦЦ׸磬ûµģ֮ǰ˶ǵȻʲôģʵ̫Ȼû£Ĵˣķѽ˲ķˣ׸ķˣ
ײɻһЦ˵ıӣ˿ɰͷϺͮͮġ
ǣ׵֣˺Ȼ׸磬ǲҪȥڰ֮еĴѽ
ЦǰǺǣô˶
֪ڰߣײΪ棬Ϊ֮Уʲô˵


163 ǵĴ
ڰڲĴΨһͨ򽭺Ĵ󣬶һ֮ͨµԨĴ
׸磬Ҳаɣţ˲ưɣƫͷ˵
ȻЦôСô׸أ
˲˵ߣ׸磬˿Աأ
󡭡ô󣿡ٴȻȻ󣬴Ŀ˱
󣬹ȻǱֻǽ󣬶ǳɳ
һװ˵Ů޶Ȼ
״͵ģһЦĻһòʱһʮŮģ
һʱ֪֮ǰǺԼġ
ĺַײҲοЦЦ
׷˺ǵĵô׸磬Ưɣδǲһģ
£Ҳ˵˱Ҳ֪Сʱ顣
ռ䣬ռڣ˺ȥνδĵȴǾδһҪԼ׸硣
¶һεЦݵ˶ڵ㣬ഺϢƯҲܿɰȴһĳ죬ţԺЩƵġ
˵ʵҲĻڼˣϺδĲͬڵӵɰӵĳδǸȴʮֵ޾ı඼ѹһһ㣬˿һۣ̲סʹ顣
뵽һ㣬ҲľδʲôһҪ˼Ŀȥ
ţĿĿˡ
˿˱΢һ㣬ĿУȴĿ˸׵Ŀ⣬ͷȻһߵģ
֮ǰۣƺܲҪǼ׵Ŀ⣬ֺȻʧȥֵֹĸоУƺЩ£ЩĶ¹ײ
״˿ȴĺһ˶Ժ󣬲κ飬㶼Ҫĵģģ׸ǺȫΪУҲܵһ˿ί
˵ĺܳϿңǺĵһ仰ȻҲıס
ʵһԴδ˱Ϣ𺳺һҸֵ
˺Ȼ̧ͷӫͬǳһ˫֮У׵ӰȻվ
Ȼ˱ס׵壬ɿ׵Ķͷһ£Ȼ˲ת׸磬˴˲СŶ
һеĽĸǺݺݵһȻ֮ео˲תʵƺ˲侹Ȼͻͽ
ǵһǣǵͺתģʹһļ
׺ȻЩֵƺһ˲䣬һѿˣ֪˴˿ȻഺŮģȴǸӡ
ſڣŵ˵ʱռݺһ׸оֲܴһ쫷ݺɱ׿УֱǺԲֹ
һ̣ױ㷢֣ˣѾһƬĺڰߡ
Աߣ˵ӲţȻЦ⣬͵͵ֻء
Σ˿ܣһƬڣʵǿ󣬶ûãɿЦ
˶ڰߣ޷ȴǸأ׳˵͵Ц
׸磬ڰߣҲֻһнƣǺڵģطǿԿ
Ц˵ž׳ȥ
׶ʱҲֻһߣȻǣ֣Ǵ˿̵ĸоȴЩͬˡ
С֣޹ǵֵת䣬Ȼ˶˲̬ͬ
׸оеů¶ȣҲһļ¶ĸоʹмۣȴƺͷʱӷпԸӦϿ϶ҲЩȡ
ڰ֮Уһ߹ǣ֣ۺҸֻ˵У˿ֵͬһֻҹݺһ㡣
߳ڰķΧǰ谵Ĺߣȴʵ˺ڰ˾ùʮֵĹ£ǣֵҸȴƺҲ˼֡
׸磬ʱǽ69124ɣ֪ǻȥǶˡЦʵ
׵ͷҲжҵ׻ص˶ǰڶʱܻҡ
˻һЦȴ΢ս׵֣һůҲ漴˵Сϼ˵
һ˿컵ĸовױֵúǵȻȻ£ȴǺȻˡ
׸磬ҪָģˣģɳãҪԪȻ࣬Ҫľ׸硣˺˵˵ȻߺŬĿ⡣
׵˵ͷţ׸ҲŬģһܵί
˵ţ㿴𽥵ıС˻Ͻ֮ȫĳΪСŮģ
˱ɺӺȻ˵ģֻȴǺȻ۵ĸо˼ů
˵֣״ǰǿǹӴĴȥ
ҪصǣҪصҳˣкǼ
֪ģԼ׻ص˶ǰ
һӳɳʮˣʵǿ󣬻߳ΪŮ֮ģͲٸı䣬ǧһ
ʮ꣬пܣʮ꣬Ҳпܡ
߰ţ֪Լ϶ǻصȥˣǻصȥʲôʱ򣿻᲻ῴСʱԼ᲻һСʱԼ᲻ῴѾȥ˵ңϣ᲻ῴԼ죿
ЩΪڴ顣
΢΢Ĳţ뵽죬뵽飬ͽҵŋ׾ǵʱ򽭼һڵĻԼһҪŋߣȻǷһεĵطȫʹԶĲҪ
ǧͷתȻ뵽ԼȥĹȥδԼѾˣȻǲɸıģ
δı䣬Լôܳڹȥ
Цĸоļ䣬ԼһʱҲͿˡ
ֻн뽭֮󣬲һˡ
ǰĴ׿˵ĵĶҲ𽥵Ľźͼ


164 ˷һ
ڣ̽˺ʵ˿¶ɰЦ׸磬ţδȻѾǻصȥһ޷ıʲôĲԡ
һ棬֪˱ԼöĶ࣬Ҳûзʲôȷʵصȥܸıʲôδһ쳣ģԼȴûδܵʲô仯һδԣصܣܻԼʧ
ţ׵ģƽʱһɫĹȦҲȫĸ
ֱӵԪתɵԪ֮ռ΢΢ĲʱͬĺӴѹѹȶɫĹȦͬһΣȻֽѹ˿֮𽥵ƽ
һ̣׹Ȼ˱ȽϤԨ֮µĵط
ǰӴɽͣ׼£һ߲ʹâƺб񣬵ȴǹͺͺģħڵĵطʵںǻ
΢΢һ⿴ƣֻ٣ҲЩˡ
˷ɽɽۣĿɽƬ̣ûзʲôɽǻĳҲĺ
׸磬ĽǵȾѪƣҲܳΪһýɽ֮ãҲԸ
˺Ȼ
ȴһ
ⱦƺħѪ
˼ȻˣıʷȴҲȥܾˡ
ˣ״ĵ֮׽ȻΩǴӣҲ׽֮ˣ˵ĻȻӦ
óħѪ˿ؼ΢΢һ̾ʱĳһѽ⣬ɽ⣬ȻݺһֽħѪ
ֲٶȣ󷨽ƣֱӺݺݼɽ֮С
ɽͬʱݺһʱضɽҡͬһ㡣
׺ȻĵﵽɵľȻɽ׺Ϊɣʵ˾̾
Ķ֮꣬УѾף٣Ӧûص˺ܾǰ
ܾãȫ侲
˶֪ô֮гɾһʷ΢΢Ц
ʲô˺֡
ţҵ뽭ӱԨ֮·ԨħڵڤǣȴǱǷ߲ʹâڿ߲ʹâԪƣҪķħѪѡ
Ц˵µ飬˲ȻȻܻѭ֮ڣ׸ڹȥĿռνδԺᷢ飬׸磬Ѿ֪˽׸磬˴ȥɡ
˵ţ;ȴͣһµ׸磬ܿĽڹȥ֮С
˵ƺ£ȴףһ֪ǽ꣬ûʡ
˵˼ʵܼ򵥣˵кܾúܾãȻĳһص˵뿪Ǹ磬ǡڹȥ֮С
ţõģֱ˲ƹȥ
΢΢һЦʾԼܹκʵ
ץ׵֣һûбֱӵһԪֱӴ׳˱ǳſڲߡ
һһů⣬ŵҵ֮⣬׺˵ϡ
ͷ΢΢һů紺һ·ݵ˿Զɽͣеİɫٻѩ㣬ײ΢΢һЦ뿪ʱҲʱ䣬ȴȻʱ䡣
׿˿ˣģƺ˲С仯һзսףʱһɫۣˣҲ¸һģʽ޼
˵֣꽣ӳǽ˳״ˣĬĬ߽˳ǡ
Ǻ£ͼ֮еϾɶʵĳǽȫ޷ȡ
һ·ȥ׵ģҲԽԽͳ
һɫĮһ֣Ž߾Ƭ̣ȴǺȻͷĿһۣŵĽȴǶ
ɫһҲ˿Ǵϣվס
һ³ۣɫĽе֮Ľ⣬ʾ˵Ľ֮˵á
Ҳڽ˵öѣߣӵĽĿֲĸоҲʹо֮ʱҲһСŮ޶꣬ʵʮֵ˵ã
Ҳ㣬ӵվסˣһʵվסˡ
תĮ϶ȿ޻ѿЦݵλǰ¿ʲôԸ
׶ӡ󲢲ֻǳ֮⣬κ˼ԴɫǽʲôꣿΪضޣ
ĿƣȻûɱ⣬Ѿǽ֮һ⣬˾֮οͬһֵӡ
ţмֹ죬ȴƺֺȻ뵽ʲôƵģɫʱǰǽ59124꣬ʲôң¹ªţ˵飬ҪȻ»ؼһµ㡪
΢΢һԽһ꣬Լǰ桢Ҷûпʼڽʱ
׿ЦĵȻûиıĿܣڵҽң֪ʲôˡ
ңģսĴڣһ˭Ҳ֪
ֻ֪ǧǵߴһԼǵʮĴ
ʲôɣ״Ļ
ɽɵ˾ǷǰҪ˽⽭ʲô££ȻѧʶôȴҲ⽭½ʮǳء˾Ƿǫ˵
׵Ļ֮У˾ǷѾ֪ԷһˣԶ֮ˣ˾ǷȻҵ
׵˵ͷٴδ϶ԷĻɽ֪һȥģɺܲ
ллǰޣǷɽʦ׼ӭǰĵ
˾Ƿһ㲻δĻǫ˵׵˵ͷֱӳҷȥȴûлͷһۡ
˾ǷȴĿʧǰŴæĳųȥ
߽ɣɽɵҫԭɽĹأ˾ǷҲ˲ˡ


165 µ
վԭҾլĵط˿סһų¾ɵϷӣҺɫǽڣѷ״̬Ļ᲻һ֮ºȻ䵹
ңεǣķӣһŵһǰ֮ࡣ
ЩģҰѯһ£ȴη֣ƵŵĶУΨûա
ѯʵ֮ˣЩϴүȴ˵ǳ֮ˣôһǣھȻգֱʮֵ
һ꣬Ҳϼĵһûгְɣ׿Ц
ҲֻΪˡ
˿ˣҲ㶵ĿΧһУɰսСֵ˶׸ȥЩǺ«ԡ
߲ҪʳʳҲһֻأЩԻϢͺë֮мʱų
ˣ֪ʳǺζҲûгԶϰߣԶڡԡһʣǺ档
΢΢һЦ漴˽һЩʶƶǶĵ˵ͷ
һ·ϣ˼Ǻ«ʼ˳Եüͷ壬ƺǱŤĶǺȴϲˣԱһѣúǬָ֮С
˳ģԼ˵ˮ״ֱС
˵ַ֮£Ȼˡ
УڽϣûзһңΨֵһʱ䣬ǶңңƺҲһھܻģҲɿЦ
һǰû棬ҲûңңûҺͷҡ
˶ҵĶɽׯûҿԣ֣֪
ڱǺҳϿתһȦֻε·ȥ
һ̣׺ϣһϤˣ߶ﶼС
ǣǽ㣬Ӧн𵤾˰ɣһǰǲأ
Уֱ֮ӵԳΣ˱Ҳ֮ﱾķΧԣûбҪġ
УԽͱڣһҲڡ
ףϰյƽ̨ϣʯᾣһ
΢΢̾Ϣ״Ԩȥ
Ԩȥµͱڣһ·
Ԩ֮Уߺ٣ʲôϣСɣҲûдڣڶһʷ
ԽԨ´ٴδ͡
ƽ̨ʲôģûУ
֮һĹ֣ûУ
ͱڣһ壬ƺûйôһ֣ңҪǣûƽ̨ûпռ϶ҲûɽʲôûУ
һѵĴͱڣ
ĬĬĿһУƣ㲻ĵطͷЦ
Խһһ꣬ǰ磬ȫԼ֪
ûˣǽ㶼֪ȥ
طԭĵطѾ˷ǣһ꣬һţԼȴǲ֪ʲôˣԤϡ
׺Ȼ׵ΪʲôҪԼԼǸһǧ֮ԼˣΪ֪Լһʱ֮УӶһǧΪˡ
صĹȥ׺ĬĬȻĳɳ
ֻһǧ꣬˵Լˡ
һ֮УоǱʵȫĴˡ
׸磬˲ôҪ˵ǹȥǲδκӰģ׸磬ֻҪ壬ܻȥôԱ
ʱǶµİο˵Żҡ׵֡
һЦ˶˵ĶԣҲʵߣʵ͹ˣδ飬ԼѾ֤ķͼȥıʲôǲʵġ
˶׸ˣԺǱްɣ˳ǽ
ţȻ˶㽫￪һ¡΢΢һЦ˵
һ£˿ٳģѹǴĿĵһ֡
ԼһǺԼ
Σ֪ʷȻҲûֹʵϣ׷ԼȻȻʮǽһֺܵ
˲һУԼҲᰴռ֮еһȥ
ڸıʷĵ飬׶ʱҲû˼Ǹıʲôһתʷع鵽ԼĹȥ
ѾСӣʶһǰʱ򣬾Ѿûıʲôͷ飬ȥ淴ʧȥ塣
ţȴס˷ɫĲʵ˫ͱڣĿ鶯Ĺâ
Ŀɨ˹ȥĳһ˺Ȼĵ
ֹĶӴԪ˺ȻһȣһⶸȻ϶
ǡ
ʱһɿֲĽ֮Ϻըµףݺݵϡ
׵ϿȶӴľͬҪ˺һ㣬֮
һ죬ɲǼ뵽˵ʵʱ򿴼ԭӱըҲǺݺݵһ
ˣ̫ǿˡ
һһ£ȫķֳ˹֣ϤĹ֣׳˾̾Ҳ֪˵ʲôˡ
ΪҲ׵ˣԭٵأҪʵˣͬ˵֮еǰңɼ
ֳˣҲûм˵ҪʲôȴֱŽգ
Ƭ̣ƽ̨ˣʯ䣬ӱϵ£¡
ײûô⣬Ȼ֪ƽ̨˽ģһУױȻΪˡ
࣬ҲЩۣ˽ƽ̨ñ֮ױֱӵĽձȻ׼ˡ
ȴ΢΢һЦ׸磬˷֣ɽȷʵӴأƽϰһϰһýһĶˡ
˶Ҳ֮𣿡ɻ
ɻҡҡͷ˲ֻҪҵľͻˣܶܶɡ
ͻƣ˶׸һֱû㣬㵽׵ʲôˣײʵ


166 ǧѪ֮
׸硭ԼҲ֪أûԪӤҲûʲôֱһֺľ磬ͻƺͲͻƣֻԼ֪
Ҳɻ˵
ȻͷʹȴҲûʲô취
ӣԺ֮лзӡļ䣬ݣһʮ˲á
пԿ϶ɽ֮еһУȻŪġ
ǽƣʯ׽ȴʲôδ֣ȴΪûг£ʲôʱģ
һУȻɻȴֻܵȣǧңһ࣬¡
ǧ֮ңˮսңˮ
Ὺʼʹ࣬Ȼǧ꣬һֱɱ½ȻΪ֮꣡
Ҳ㣬ңһߴֱǧ֮󣬲˵ڰ˴
ǸΪӵˣ˭
Ȼܶණ׶֪ȴҲ֪ܲʵ
ƽ̨ԵϿȷ϶Ա˫ͱڱԵڶţһڵƲ㡣
˶絽һȦ漸֮󣬱ĬĬɡ׺Ȼ˵
ţ׸磬ʲô˶ġ
ȻǸСѾͷȴǺܳģ׵ӣ˺ֵܿ˵

֮״ˣڱѩǵķΧ
ѩѾЩģˣķεĳǳأɡ
״ȴǸоֻߣң׵ĵʹþʮֵĿֻţǰ
ˣòǲͬӣŮӣ׵̬ȣʮֵ𾴡
ˣʵߣҲĶڣ׵ΪԸһߣǿУֿΪȻʮֻ̿֡
ѯһ˾һ˸ϹһĿȴƺЩƵӣǸңҲֻ
ΪƵĸңӣҲ˳ֵģȷʵǳǾ˺Լ˵ʲôδͲᷢôδ鲻Լôֿܳ
Աű֤ʷ̬Ҳûг֣ңҲֵó֣
ˣ׵ıܺ͸ĸӦĵȻرãȴҲǲĺˣҲҲûбҪɱɱ֣ϹϵģǾסڱѩǶѣϰϵȫûǸҪ
ִطȼͬĲڣڵǶûţӶ붼ûг
ֻϣһεȥڤڤһԪӤڵĸ֣ȴͬûʲôϢ
ڿУĽʹ׻ѶȺܴڤ棬һԪӤڣ
Ȼǲܵģħ·ӣҲܡ
һϣ׺Ȼʶ֮УȻǽʲô飬淶ΧҲӶһĸ֣
һ꣬𵤾磬׶òܣϾǧͻ龳ģǱѩûκĴ𵤸֣ôģ
ԨԪӤֵԱԪӤģ
Ȼ֮вģѶ˴ıϣôٶȣ
һʱȫĻңԼĪȻͻص10000ǰҲ಻٣һ꣬Ϊʲô
ɲǣ뵽ߣǸµ壡
壡
뵽壬׺Ȼ뵽ԼͶԷµ֣һʱ˼
һЩˣ˶ȥɽ淶ΧӦдĺƽҪˣ
׺ǿ϶˵Ҳһ˿Ĳ
ƽ٣Ǻ«΢΢һ٣Ǻ«ӿȥ
׸磬ȲҪУһ
üͷ΢΢
Ҳ㣿ʵ
˵ͷףȴмֳأмֲ
ˣ˶Ҫ֪Ժ飬
׸磬ģú£ֻǲһ£һ׼ģδڱ任οδ֮ˡ
¶һɰЦݣһ̿ɰĻţ٣׾úĻš
ֻĬĬĵ˵ͷۺûһҪ׸
ţģʲô׸磬˶һԵġ
˵ţʱ˫
һھѪл⣬ϳɵĴµķģһſŵ˸ţһ̣һһ壡
ݺύķģɫĹͺɫĹ㽻ѹȶӦ硭
Խⳡ棬ԽǾ֣
Ȼ䣬뵽ˣ뵽ǡԼ͵ģ֣׾ã˵Ӧúֱӵϵ
ңߣġסƺҲûоģȻûνʲôԪӤϡ֮ľģ
˼ţȴԳһּһֱµĹġ
£˼ȴǲѶ
Ǭճɿգ
أ
²лǧѪ
콣޺ա
һۿȥּĵ׹⣬Ժ֮С
䣡
һһ˲ĸоĵ׹⣬ǵԼ忪ʼʱɱԷĿŰɫ
ɱԷĿŰ壬ʫԺ֮УḶ́׿϶ˣһйء
ңߵĬĬҲǸм
ľʫ֪ʲô˼ľʫȴԵúʣ˼䣬ȴǰ˲ҵһ־磬һΡ
콣֮޺ۣӦǽ֮ĳһ㾳磬ԤʾģǸǸ罫Ҫ飬޷֪
´ģӦñǣХ֮ҹлꡢǧѪȻǽѡ
޷֪ʲô飬ģһ̣ܳء
ȻһɫȻòҰ֮ʱ͵һѪ
ۡ
Ѫ׷ɣɫ԰ֽڰ׽֣ȴ˲ʧˡ
˶״󾪣ͣ£


167 ɽ
ţ׵һУֹͣ
ײ֪˿ʲô˵ͣ㵽ַɣԻǺܳصġ
ܷɣȻѾ˼Ԫ׺ԥó˹ԪҪݸ˻ָ
ȴǽιĹԪƿ𽥵ȶ
׸ϽĶ˵ߣ˷ţȴƬ֮ɫ𽥵Ļָ˼Ѫɫ
׸磬Ȼ˵ǿ󣬵һΣȴʧˣʲôû
ʣƺѪǱɢĻǣʲô
˵͵͵˵ţĿ˼ѹ
ܸо˵滰Լ֣֪Ӧȷʵʲôûв㵽ֻ֪һԡ
ûиľʫûһ˼
ľʫ˵˭ײ֪ͨδһУ׾ãԤʾ˵δԼԣ׸окǳء
磬Ψһ飬ŬΪȻ󣬲ϵͻƣȡڻصδ֮ǰͼܾĸıһУʹδΪԼĸı䷢ת
˶ͿδһжûзԼУҲ̫ˡװοȻٴεĽԪݸ˵ã
ĬĬĵ˵ͷٴĵҩȴȻûнܣЦ׸磬ⵤҩûɶôģǶ׸İͺܴˣҲûʲôˣֻһεķɶѣأڶѾõĲˣ׸ġ
ȷʵѣȡ˹ԪȻǣ˵վ
˶ǵɽȥΡ
ţ׸磬ȥ˾͸ȥ

У׵ٶȲǺܿ죬վУķһзս׻İɫ趯ĽʹѾ߱һʣˣ˫Ŀ嵭棬ǳɫСȹţҲһֵСһ㡣
һ·Ϲ۲˺üΣȷʵû£Ȼ
ɽλڴ֮Уʮǳ֮еķΧʮǳطΧɽɺɣΪʮǳڶо޴ĸɽ˺ܶϲһ
״ˣȻеٶȲǺܿ죬ǱϾҲ൱ڽڸֵķٶˣӱµ֮УҲʱңɽɽŵʱŶ໨˲Сʱ
ɽɣǸɣȻˣ׵Ҳûݣֱվڷɽϣɽŷ˹ȥֱɽǰͣ
һȺɽƣʱ׷׾Ϲ񣬱ѾеӸǰʦѾ֪ҪСɽա
׵˵ͷʱֱ˴ӷɽϽȻᣬʵܲҲʮֲ档
ƺ˷ܣȫЩȻңȴѵõĿľ硣
΢΢ͷûж˵֪һǰʦš
ɽɽһӴɽϣɽ̨׺ܶ࣬ȴǾȵķֲţһֱµϣɽȽϷḻһɣĻԴˡ
̾ɽɣܿ죬ױһ޴ƽ֮ƽڰɽȻǸٳ䳡ģƽϷһΡĴӶưȻǿģһֵĽ
ɽɣɽȴǺɽֻͬĽĿƪ֣˵ɽСϪôױý󺣡
ĸоʵҲǿңңͨѧʶ֪ɽɣɣҲ㲻Ͻɣֻǽߣǹûʲô̫𣬱ϾɽޣĲ
ɣȫͶ룬һ̶ȵˣ˽ģȻǿҲ൱ڽڶصľѡ
ȴ֪Լһɣֻ֮ǿֲ֮ˣ
һصĽ⣬ʮﵽصĽǣţǺֲܿģ
ɽǰ׶ʱ㿴Ǹɽӣ˿̣һǽˣߣ׺ߡ
Ƿ˵ĸ֣ȷʵǿ
Ŀ⽻ʱܸ̾ܵصĿֲѹ
λǰɽʵɽ֮ң˾պţǽɽţǰ𻰡
˾պЦݣ̬˵
΢΢һЦжʱ˿΢΢һЦ˾պţţãȷʵ顣
ҲңǰʲôԸֻҪΥ壬뾡ܷԸɽ£߾ȫǡ
˾պŵǹ˵
׵˵ͷ˿˾պߵλϣֿ˿˾Ƿ˾ţº飬˾Ƿ֮⣬Ĵϣܿ
˵ŻһаˣѾ˽
˵ȽмϣɽźͳϣҲʮֵĿΪ⡣
׵Ľ飬λϵǹĸ֮˿
УʱҲֻʣסˡ˾պš˾Ƿˡ
˾ǷˣʱҲԼ˵ӡƺδɽϣǴˡ
ײȷǶڴ˵Ʒ͸͸׿ĺףҲվ
ȻɽλϺţԼ˾ǷӣˣƷ͸ԵıѾʮֵǿԶڿˣȻҲ׼Ϊ漰һЩȽҪ飬ײûλ¡
λߺջԼĿ⡣
ǰ֪ʲôҪɽЧ͵ġ
˾պźףһеĸˣɽϿڲţһǿĸ֣ԱܰľһԭֻҪԼĵϧһס֡


168 ʮ
׵˵ͷԪѪʮ֮ڴڵļ֮磬ͻƵڣһ£һøҰĺúõģ
⣬⣬ǰ˵ԪԪ
˾պź˾ǷʱɵˣȫɵˣΪôһڱǵͷϣǶ޷Ӧ
ͬȻµľף˸Ĵˡ
ǰʲôԸ˵ܰ쵽ģһ쵽ԪĹض֮
˾պȻõ⴫˵֮еҩȴԵ֪ԷܳĶȻʲôشҪ˵
׳ĬƬȴǵǽ59124꣬69099ĩϿɽһӤɱҪģǸʱһöԪӾΪɽӼɣ
ģԴӺʵΪ˺ţ䣬ɽɵ⣡
һ㣬ɰõ
׳˵£˼˺ܾãɺܶ飬Ӱ֮²ŷı仯ôԼ飬ûԼ֣Ͼɿһ㡣
ңԼĴʹ֪δû£ڵ֪˾պźԼƵʦһ޶ʱ׶ʱ뷨
˾պź˾Ƿһʱɵۡ
һꣿһ飬ھͷԸ⡭Լûΰɣ
ǲ˼飬ȴҲûл׵Ļ
ǰ£ֻҪҶڣһ죬һ쵽ֻϿɽӴӤɱСʱȵĻɵҩҲ޷ѽϿɽô󡭡
˾պŽԼĵ˵˳ȴǲûἰκεı귽档
գ69099µĩһ긾ŮźܣŲ·ȴǱһӵͷס˵Ƭ̻ȻɱŮӺŮеӤӤؿڲһɫε̥ǡ
˵¾ȽϵͳƺԷɲ£ؽܵҵıһ㡣
˾պź˾ǷľһĵʱΪȴΣ̫ǿ
ţȴǵΪܵͣ쾳磬˲صǣ
˿̣ұ㴫ǶҵѪ֮ʹڰٶ֣ûͻ澳磬Ҳ겻
ԪΪͣɽһţһžǺ
²ѣǰ첻ãǻ޷񣡡
׳˵˾նɫʱ԰ȴҲ˿ķͲ
ȷʵ˿˾պź˾Ƿ֪鲢ѣȻɽССиôԷŭȻҲ
Ҳͼȥ²ǰĸ˺ǸӤʲôϵʱֻľǰ
׵һָԪѪֱüģȻһӣһԪʱһΪȴһһСȵ֡
˾պʵǿ󼸷֣ȻǶһԪ˾ǷΪвӡĴϣҲһ
ԪԹһ֮󣬹Ч룬Ԫ׶ԣѾ󣬶˵ȫûκã˼ȥǵʹãΪҵɽɽܱ֤ҽһ겻õıţ
ԪԷڣֱӰ˻˲ҩ˵һ澳磬ȴɹɽϿȣҪ֮Ǽ֮У
⣬˾պţһ꣬ҵİΣɽһʲô֮ѣ˿ɳ֮ѣ֡
ˣҪ飬ô࣬ңڻûУǹЩ꣬ͻˣ
˵仰ʱҲչ
˾պź˾Ƿˣȴȶһ״̬֮󣬵ԴǵڴӦ
ȷʵЩڶ˵Сһ׮С£ڶУҲռ˵һķ
ЧﵽٴεóһԪ
˾պź˾Ƿ⣬˾Ƿʱóһֻʮ˵õƿȻһƷ˵ҩϣһȥƿǰ
ָһԪʱƿ֮У˾ǷƿȻ󹧾ĵݽ˾պš
Щ飬ֽһЩ֮ױֱӵ뿪ɽ
˼֮£ױʱ
ӣ״ʮǳأĸɽޱߵĻĮЩط˴ֵЦ
֮˻ص£׿ʼ޽ˣȴǼԽνĶȻڶ֮мϽƣöĳͿѹǿ
ۣ׾Թ϶
תۣʮѾȥˣҲһСŮ޶ɳΪһޱȵ崿ŮʮĳϦദҲʹ׺֮Ĺϵʮֵ
ʮ꣬׵ʵҲһεͻƣﵽĶڣ꾳磬ȴȻûͻĶڣǽȴ˵ڶؽľĵĲ㣬ĵĵز
Ľǿؽľôģǳɾ˽֮ģ
ĬĬĿţһһεȵĽ֮塣
˿̣ѾԳʱˣһΣ˺ʮֵǿ󣬵ǵӦˣҲûʲôˡ
͡
۵İɫ𣬲ϵͨļ⣬һķƵˮ£ϸСһ͸˳ըһļ⣬ǷϵĲţڻ֮Уһɱ䡣
Ŀɫ֮ˣѾȫһһĸоˡ
֮ĵĲΣʹ̵֪˽ľͰ壡

³һʶһһըʽʱƤճʵͬɵСһ㣬˲伤˳ȥȻڿɢ
ƤҲ˲䣬֮ͨɫع鵽˹ͭɫ
վĿ鶯꽣˿ѾеĻˣеķĶһڸֵķһ޶
˿̣׺ţԽ׵ʽԽʽѾȫķ˵еȫص㡪ɱһ˲䣬ɱǧ򽣣
ҲʮֲֿȻǶײ֪һУԵӷĹһڡĹĺǿ
к⣬˿̣ǲ񻯣Ҳʵںڵĸһսһ񻯣ȴɱںϺڵߵʵ
ţȴǺȻӶ˶һ˿ҸЦ˱罣ϡ
һ˫֣ϸۣȻס׵˫ۣһϵĳصСӣ±˭
Ƿһ˿Ц⣬Ц˶ˡ
׸硪Ҳ˳˶˼ߣһ㶼棬ÿ˲㷢
ͬһ鶯ӱ崿Ϣһܰ
˶׸Ѿ˽֮ģǱ֡ġ״̬׸ŷֲˣ˶ϵĵζ׸ǲ˵ˣô䶼ˡ΢΢һЦת
ɫ޳սװ鶯޳壬ıŵĲ
۾ͬǳһ˫ӣ֬Ƥ̶ͦЩս׵İ֮£Եôˡ
׸磬׸磬ÿȥҹħǵɽɡ
һĨΣ޷ܾ
ʮ꣬˵ǣϿ֮УǶûһֻױҲȻͷӦˡ
׸磬á˵˺Ȼǰ㣬ȴȻ
һϮ촽˿Ķͷϣһʱһ¡
ˣȴһЦ׸磬˶˲ƹȥ
˹ȻѾ˵һεĶͷÿһΣܻƬ̡
ҹħǣɽĬĬ¶ģԼһҪŬʵԽߣδ֪ĽѣԽжܿ


169 ɽ
ҹħǣȻҲ֪ͬģҲ֪һڵʵģ쾳ҵޣʵǿģнԪӤޣʵҲԸȥȻߣױûʲô顣
ңһζĿޣʵĵõս飬Ҳʮޡ
ԣǰҹħɽҲǸѡ
δֱͣ˳֣Ҵֱ֮˲ƳڰħǵһֱͨĴͣҹħǡ
׹ҹħǵĴʹ֮Уµʹһˬ
ҹħԼĪ൱ͨʮңʮֺãһ㶼Եöӡ
ǣĻ֮У޵ʵȴҪȰħϵħ嶼Ҫǿ
ͬȴεľ磬޵ʵħǿ󣬶ħߣҪǿ󣬶ܻ֮Σ֮״̬Ѿʮǿһָ֮ӵĿֲ
Ȼǣ˵֣˴˿̾ǽ̤ڷɽ֮ϣ׽µ꽣˽µģȴİĵ
Ȼ˵ķͱΪȫ
ɽλҹħǵϷλҹħһɽһҲħ߽սͻơ
ͬ˶Уܿɽ֪һУֱӵĽɽͱڽ֮еŸ֮ɽ֮С
Ÿɽϲ֮ϲ߾ǲ֪󷨡
Щ˵֮жнܣȻҲȫֱ֪ӿŽ뷽Ÿ֮С
ŸҲǸɽֻû˺ܽȥѣѡôطֲĵĲһƣʱҡ
ⷽԲںҾޣʺ׶Ҳ֪˵ĺ⣬Ҳûʲô

˸ĴѶ飬ɣȴǽѶָջǬָ֮С
ǰһֻһ˫ϻ
Ѫɫ˫һɢɱ¾ĹâɫͺɫëƤ⻬ͬУ׳ȣĸ׳һ
ǿֲץгɱ¾֮⣬׵ģһĺ
ǵģһںϺڵޣʵѾԱһĽǰڵˣ
亹ð˽֮ĺɱս׵ķɽ׵ģ˲١
ǰޣ׵һᣬʱڵһ㵯˺ͽȫĺһһ⡣
ݡ
Ȼ䣬һΪԳӰ
ӰÿһȴǺһ޶
һ̣Ǹߴ׵Ļ߾޻ʱҲˣ
һ֮䣬Խףȵõ¡¡죬Ҳһģƶ˵ǿޱȣһɷ𣬻߾޻޴צӣѾ¡
ǣ͵צһҿգߺȻʧʹû߾޻ʱ㳷ٶҲ˲һߡ
ʱһɴ۵Ĺâ鶯ϢķɽݺݵɱݵٶȣԵĿֲ⣬ʹû߾޻˲һڿŤתܡ
͡
޴ƿ֮ſֲ֮ɫĽ⣬˲նɱ˻߾޻ϡ
䡫
߾޻˲һǵʺѪˮȴһһɿֲķ֮ݺݵ׷˻
׻һ㣬˲䱻˳ȥ
гҲмֺȻ
ȻĿǰʵȶĶڵľ磬ںϺڵޣҲֻοЦ
ǿһУЧ㣬ֻпˣ
ϡ
һгص˻֮׵ĺ֮зһ˲䣬ȫĲһ⣬ʱ
һ̣׳ˣ
֮е嶾ԪԪ֮ȫںһ𣬴˿𽥵ķֲȫ֮У޴Уһ˲ȫĳ˳˫ͬѪ죬޴ɷʹԭĳʹ֮µĻ߾޻Ҳһ͡
Էƽ͵һɲǣ׵һʱֱӿ꽣ľĿֲؽֱʹɱ
ԵĽ⣬ֱӵû߾޻΢΢һͣɲǣ״ſֲġƻԵһѣʱٴνŻ߾޻ݺնɱȥ
ۡ
Ծ꽣ɽݺݴ͸߾޻Դʱ򣬺ݺݵıǾԵ
أ
Ԫ뻨߾޻Դһ̣߾޻Դݺݵը
һ̣߾޻צӣҲ˲ϡ
һȴĳ
зսױݺݵһҵİһ飬ףԪɢȴǲûдˡ
ںϺڵޣıɱ
ڵޣҲûн𵤿ᣬ׿˿ӴޱȵĻ߾޻ʬ壬ͷ˲١
ڴ˿ʵҲڶλںϺڣȷʵ֮󣬾ȻûߣѾںϺڵʵ
񻯵ʱ򣬱ֻںڲʵ࣬Ǻܴġ
һжЩջ񣬿˿ܰޱȡȴԳյĻһ׶ʱָ˱ģӿ񻯵״̬˻
˼һսľԺ֮ģԼսḶ́Ȼҡҡͷʾ
΢ָһԪٴεĳɽȥ
ǰͬںϺʵޣֻʵԽԽǿѡ
ƣ׼Ķ֮Уϵ׳Լսʵ
ǰһҽУȻ䣬һ֪ǰˡ
ʶɨʱǰԼĪʮ봦һս١
һɫս׵Ůӡһɫս׵ӣ˴˿ʮǱһֻ𵤾ĺܸˣܣ˿ѾΪ״̬һҪըļ⣬͹Գĵ
׵ʶȻɨ˲֪һϢȴǲûоˡ
һһŮܸӦԷߵϢϵսף˿ѾѪȾ͸ɢѪ֮
˵ʵжϣ֪ƺЩͷǽڵʵ磬Ҳ˲õĸˡ
г׶ʱΣʱȻǱ˹ȥ


170 
ڵĺܣʵȻǿֲġ
ǽǰڣԸȱսĽڵߣҲȫĴϷ硣
ţײеĹâϷʵЦ⣬ƺɱ֮ǰúõŪһ£Ǵ˿̺ܵȤ
ܺ͵͵׳ƺݺһĳڻɫս׵еķɽϣɽʱѣɫսһɫҰ׼֣һѪ
硪
Ůɫһ䣬ʱһһھѪʱɫķɽâǣ³һɫĽԪ
˷۵糸һ㣬ݺһնŻɫսơ

ĽǿķƤʹðŮޱȵһʱʧȥá
ƺʹ˫һ죬˫Ʒ裬ʱŰŮӳȥ
һ̣ɫսӣȴǺȻתӡ
ǵģɫսɫ԰ףȴǺȻȫʱ˱㼫ٵ̤շˡ
ŭʱ˰ɫսŮӣһţԸҵٶǻɫսӼȥȻһŹ
ʱɫսŮӣȴɫһʧ䣬һºȻܲĳȥǺݺһɱǾ޴ĺܡ
һƴȫٶȻʮѸͣȻҲʮֵĴ󣬶ңϾŮǽڣʵҲС
Ȼǿ𵤳ڡ
ŭ;״̬һݺݵնɱ˺ܵıϡ
أ
ȻûƿǺȴǱһݺݵն˿Уݺ˵ϡ
Ѫһ̣ܳ׵ķˣ˫ƺݺݵĺ˼µ档
䣡䣡䣡
ʱ涼
һ̣ܳ׵ķˡ
ҲûϷʵģҲûǵĿ⣬һ̣ܷ֮£ȫĻ˱ĺ״̬
ߴײֹľ޴ĻҺɫľܣ׳ͬˮһĸ첲ʵ˼˵Ĳ
ԶԶĿҲһǰڵľʵǿֲ
ž룬׶ǰڵľĽ𵤣ʱ֮ģӴޣһŽ𵤣ʺڵԼɣȷʵǺöңŮҲǽڣǡʺԼɵķΧ֮ڣһɱȡ𵤣ӿٶȣ
г˼ţ˵ԣ㲻ʲô
ŮˣԷʲô˶ûп壬˷ܲΪ˶ԷƴȥʵǺ
ӽŮ£ߣҲмֱģĿ֮УɱҲѾ¶
һֱƿ˻ɫսԶȥĹ켣ʱ˳Ĭ
ʱ򣬾ѾվȻӴ󣬵ٶȣȴǼ˵Ŀ٣ȻγΪٶȣǿ˲֪ٱ
кȻһ̣ɫս׵ŮӣȴĿȣĬĬĿǻɫսԶȥӰһʧ䡣
һ̣˫ˮ˫Ǳį񣬲ʹ׵ģݺݵһ
񣬺Ȼƺδ˵غһ㣬׵ģһԵʹ
ΪʲôΪʲôδҲԼʲôôѵҲͬһ壿
һԭ׼ɱŮӵģΪ˫񣬶ʱˡ
۽һĶʱһ̣ȫ˻һ۵Ľ⣬Ȼ
񣬸ûע⵽׵ĵ
𡫡
˻һ޴ƺݺŰɫսŮĳ
һ̣Ľ⣬Լ˵ٶȣԵֵһɲǣھ΢΢һ͵һɲǣݺݵžܵĵ֮ɱ
꽣žԵĽ֮Ȼ׵Ĵ͸˾ܵķ
꽣һܵ壬ʱͿֲĽ֮ʱݺݹܵĸڣһŰɱһͣѪˮͬȪһ꽣һתһѾĽܵĸڿһ޴Ŀ׶
ˮװСĽ𵤣ڱԪƶ£ʱ˳ʶһһӣʱ㽫ȡǬָ֮С
һޱȣҷڵʯ֮䣬ŮӴһ֮ױ㽫һѾɡ
վţһ̲źȻ䵹£ĵȥ
䣡
ܾ޴ἰ£ڵϣһƬ
Ůӣ˹ףĬĬԡ
ȡ˾ܵĽ𵤣׺⣬һƵĺܺãһûС
ǰһ㣬ܻδŮӳ֣ԼȻô֡
Ƭ̣ŮӲҲ˲佫ŮӵһС
˲ʱεǡô
һ̣Ҳŷ֣ԭԽʵɱУҲһҪʵһƵģֻҪ΢ƶǡôԼŵ㣬ȥ˵㣬һУ㶼
ľױҲãԼȻĶڣֻǳ䲻֮£ڵޣҲԼĶˡ
ȻԼҪıǿ״̬֮£αҪԷȫԼ֮С
ձҲǶԿںϺڵ޶ѣʵȻʮֵ
ŮĬĬʱҲûдȥɱԶݵĻɫսӡ
ָ״̬ԳԼģĿƵĶŮӡ
ɫս׵Ůĺܺã޳һ˫ۣ峿鶯ȴڴ˿̰޹⣬ǱĮȻ̵ͦıӺӣС죬һ̣ƺҲʧȥ
׵սǷ״̬ʹ˫ȻͦСϸͣһ˫޳ĴȿʮֵľУΨһв㣬ǽ׵սϵѪôɺۡ
촽ߣѪһʾ˲ˣɫķɽѾһĹӣҲѾҪˡ
׻ָ壬նİɫսŮһ˿Ĺ⣬ջˣ΢΢Ƿĵлǰ½ˡ


171 顤
΢΢ͷһȴǰѾӰ꽣
Ŀؽ֮ʩչѾǻɫսԷѾˣʵںϺڵߣֻޣȻаսĿؽɱʮ֮⡣
΢΢֣ŵǻɫսӣǺˣ
ɫһҧ촽ȴ̾СŮ飬Ǵش֮ˣǴ˴ͷԿıԣзǳལڵĵӣ˴γ֮Ͽ飬һ飬һ·ϻ֣Ľ롭
˵ܵᣬʧͱ࣬ȴʮֵŨ׵ģҲһԡ
ԶȻ䴫һҺһѪԶձ˿һ⣬ɲǼ伣
￴˿ף촽䶯ȴû˵
ȴ֪ԷѾ֪ԼĶ±ҲȷʵɱһĽ𵤣ùҲسǰҲ󣬶ң㣡
˵ţһӣʱһⶸȻʧ꽣ȴǺȻ׵ĺ󱳵Ľ
ɫʱ԰˼֣˼£ȴû˵ʲô
ˣʵǲֵԼѹģ
ԼԷǰԼӦޡ
ȻУȻм״ޣƺԷɱԼİ֮ˡ
ŬѹĸоŬĲȥںǸȥˣﷴֵøӵĹˡ
ǰʲôʰɣ¶Ȼ֪޲޲ŬԼֵøӵºһ㡣
Ȼ׶Է״̬ҲܵõԷޣΪһֱܵĺѣҲΪ⡣
మ֮ˣţˣһһŮӶڰܼᶨȴһ־֮
˵ɣһŮӺһ㱯ʧ䣬ߵǸǵȴһֱܺãôʹͱ˵ԭʲô
ȻϾŮˣȻͨ͸ӦЩȴǸӦġ
⽭ƺĳЩԳĽƣײһʡ
Ŀ˿ףһ̣еĺ⣬ƽ
룬ԼǰķΧ֮УȻ򣬶ʱĻҵ֪İǾ֮һֺͱ˻õļ̬Ͼݸ飬֮һиǣ˶ޱȵʹ֮С
ȻԸʹ࣬Ҫһ𣬵ȴȻûһǾŮԼֳˣ߳˸ŮӶѡ˳߱ŮԼԼѾûʸһˡ
˵ţһۣôûʧȥ֮ǰúõϡɣţҲҪˣ˺ܶߣʲôֵҪǰ£ɵǰͣҲλǰԵŮǰ桭
˵꣬ʱҪ뿪
׵˵ͷʾʱȥ
Ƚ뿪Ĭˡ
ʮ£˳ˣȴһֱûмǣûмӣҲûмѩǵһЩ֣ʹ׸ӵȷһڽļǧʱʲô顣
Щ׵ģ㿪ʼһĲˣĸоʵľʫ֮оˣֻǴ˿̣ӵԶѡ
˽Ÿ֮󣬱㿪ʼһǲˣȴǿ׵ģǳء
ջЩصģȻ׺ˣδ̬͹ȥĵĶԼ֮ǰĽʹ״˿̺ȻԼ뽫˱ڻУıţֿ
ĸоһʱ㼫˵ǿңоǿңЩ޷Կء
һ꽣ʱ˽£׶ʱ˳ȥŸȥ
ȥȥˣ
״˿е뷨

һĽ˵ϣ߲ʵĹâôŨҡ
һĵʱ˵з˳ڲһ޴Ǭռ䣬ȻտҲڲȴһ֡
е߲ԪϵĴⵤ֮УϵİʱҲʼ˲궯
ʼ˹Ԫ֮С
岻Թ壡
˺Ȼһ𣬶ʱֱӾһ㾳磬е֣ʱҲȫ֣ʱУ֡
ŋ֣ꡣ
ֳ֮󣬶ʱ˵˫֮пγ֡
ǣ塣
Щ֮˵һ϶ʱԳֲ԰ףһ˿˿Ѫʱӿ
˱֣ǺȻ΢΢һʱҲָԭģ
ֻǣ֮УѾһ˿˿Ĳײıࡣ
ͻˣ˹岻ľ磬ϵսףʱҲƿһӡһ㣬ɫת˵ĺɫ
ϱһĹЦݣǳǳľѾôԣòȴһ㣬鶯һпݵĴʣѾ޷˵
׺Ȼ֮УѾϤˣѪţ˫۵Ŀȡ
˶
׺Ȼĺ
ĿһͣҲԳһ˿һ˿룬ȴĬĬߵߣĽͷ׵ĻС
׸硣
ĺ׵꣬
˺Ȼƺת䣬׶ʱиһ֪ƺѾ㵽ʲôҿ϶ʲôõ飬Ҳмܡ
Ȼ쿪˫ֽıסˣȵӣ§ڻУһʱ䣬׾ӵУƺôңԶоǿҪʧȥһ
˵ţ֮Уϵɢ˳
׸硪
׽ӵɣ˿ȥȻǰ㣬ĿֿĿˣĿ֮УôŨҡ
˵ڲţµϣһֲ԰¶֮һŵĺΣ޳Ľëһ˲佻һ鶯мѪ˿˫ۣȴ˲ĺˡ


172 䡤ƽ
Ǹӣ촽˵ģһ˲ϵһ
ġġ񴽣һ˲䣬˵ģޱȵ
֣ķʥ岿λĦţǣ˺ȻʱͿռĴڡ

ܾãܾá
ĬĬķֿ֮ĬĬԵıףͷ׵ţףȴĳѾЩԿ̵֮еĵζһʱЩ
ǵһ̣ĶڵķתţȻһѾͻƵĶڡ
Щ˵ѾҪģʲôһǣʲôеĵλ
ˣȻ䣬״ûоԼҸģʵҸĸоһֱĵף쵽֮С
׸磬˶Ҫչˡ
˺ȻƬ̵Ҹɢ
׸㣬չء׵˵һ׾Զ壬һֱߡ
׸磬Ϊ˶˶ҪȥæЩ־˵
ʲô£˶˵ɣ׸ǵɽ𺣣Ҳһ쵽׵˵
˽ͷ̧˫ĿճյĿףȻţ촽һ£ŵԴ֮壬彵䣬öֱΪŋֺꡣ
һ˸оԼؽԣҪޣʵԿ塣
壬ͨûκ˺屾һ̬ҽ䣬ǳ߲֮⽵䣬⣬ᱻΪ·Իܶǰȥᡣ
˶޿κһʵ̸һҪ׸罫
׸ʵ㣬£˶һռ䷨ܱ䣬Ҫ򿪲ƣɽ׸ʹǧ꣬ǧ׸ںεأ˿ռ䷨ص˶ߡ
˶Ҳչؿǧꡣ
״Ŀˣ˵ŋ֡ꡯֵʱױ׻
ⶫʲôȻףŋӡģһϹޣʵɱżۣ
磬ֱĻ֮ѣ
ң߲⡮𡯣ȫǸߣķһЩĸֻ֣¶ˣ
һֻǺܲҺܲң
ײ²ҵҲѣΪˣǴ˿̶Ҳ£ǹؼǣ֪Լûʵ
ǵģʵ̫
˵Ŀռ䷨ȴһͬڹһĵĶֻܱ֤Լ
ײܾܾҲܾȻܲ˷ֿҲϰԼߣҲԸԼֿǣڵķֿΪ˽ؾۣΪ˲׾ΣҪ塣
壬ôܽ
һ˲䣬뵽˹ؼ
ƺ֪׵뷨һ㣬ʱ׸磬壬ʱѾԿˣ֮Уֻ֣Ҫöɱǻˣ
˱Ҳûˡ
ϣҪˣö壬ɫͬô죿öһö壿
ʵʱ뵽ߵ壬Ĳһ
׸磬ΣֻҪɱɫǷ壬ʣһö壬ȻҲ¡
ٴεĿ׵ļϣȴӯ
ʹȴĬĬžǺΪУҲһҪö塣
һöɫ˸Ŵ˵з˳Ȼ׵üġ
һ𣬶ʱ֪ⶦǵԼʯ׽ģԷĻ
˿Ѿû˼ȥˡ
кܡ
ƺԭֵȻľͿʼһ㡣
ĸокѹ֣ܡ
ıˣ˶û˵ôĵıš

ʱţתۣ˶ȹһµĿֵӣѾš
һ֮УɽˮŬ˼ҪԵһпѣֵģͬɾ¡
һ˵ĸ飬Ҳһľ磬ǣʥߣ˶ĬĬػţ׶Էġ
˶޸Ұաһ죬׺Ȼ䵥ϥأ˿
ˣ׷ȴǺܾ׵Ҫ
׸磬һжڽ֮˵գ˶ŵǺͿ־壬ִ֮Ļңĸ֪δ˶
ĬĬ̾˿֪˶ǲҾĽѣģ׸Ϊһģ˶ģ׸綼㣬׸УԶֻһˣ
תȥţˮһſŵĵ䡣

һ۵Ĺâ״ػԽ˴󣬳ǵĴʹ֮Уˣ׵ķֱ˿
ǧ꣬ǧʱ䣬ö壬һᶨ
ܣǺѹѹȺһ˾ǽ̤ɽɵǾ޸ǹʱٵķȺ
һۿȥԭĽ𵤺ڡԪǰڸ֣һۿʱ֮бˡ
ңԶһȺµʿ֮УΪ׵ĵʿȻЩԪӤڵʵ
һЦһ¶ʱ̤꽣Χ
ʱԭòȻµʿȴǺһ
׵Ӱµʿߵĵӵ˵ЩЩԭֺһµʿǣʱ׵Ŀ⣬ٱЩͬˡ
ƣǲмɻͲţĿ⣬Ҳȷʵż־⡣
ĪСˣʵ˵ãǿȻΪʦҲ͸ΪǸõСģ
⣬󻤷Ժɣˣ֮ܿκìܣ
µ
ʱϵ˵

ʶ˵ãһУȻ˶УҲֻǵȻһЦѡ
ʹ֮ˣٶڽЩܵľ⣬Էһо⣬ֿΪȻмɵ
׹ܲЩٶٴӣһ⣬ȥ
£ռ֮УС֮˱ȱȽǣڼ׷ʱ򣬾ǺȻÿ
ĮȻһУȴ˼ˣֿˣ˼Եó
ʮ죬彫䣬ʱһƴѪȷ磬ᱻ


173 
׼ٷУܿ죬塣
壬ɽϲһɽ壬ɽܸߣɽͬѩһƬʮֵĶӡ
УķΧһɱʱȫʱһıŨȶʱҲϡȴԵ÷˼֡
ʶɨվɽ֮ϣܿ죬Ӧ˽ڡ
˿̣һȺѵʲôɫ䡣
ȺŮŮĵӣȴʮֵĻ֣̿ΨΨŵŵģ˵
һʱԷԼĴ
κܿܽ壬ǻ군ǵʱʲô״Ҫľ干
Ȼô֮дŵɱ⣬һʱٱǰ״
ӣ״֣ϵĸˣҲѾˣȻҲֵô
Ȼ׿Կ϶ˣû˾ʲôֻ֪зҪ
֪ɽ磬˵õĶȻɽʹ·״û·Ԥףƾһ㣬׶жϲ
ҲţЩжٶЩףû˵ѡ
վգȻֱʶԼ֪Ƿͻ
΢΢һ㶣ʱĵԭǰǰ壬ңֻ·ֻΪߵķĹ֮أǰ˿壬ֻǻܵǣ
޷һɢޣ˲ۣȻ˵ߣ廷ɲصġ
΢΢һЦϽĻ
˵Ĳεöӣ֮أ帽һ㣬ģײ
˵ֻİ壬ͷл
ߵһȺӣ֪ԣǼ˹̬ȣʱҲ¿ͷ
΢΢ͷʱ˽ߣһֱ̧ӵĽ
Ķڵʵɾͳལ˷Ľ֮ʵȫĹĶڣľĲΣҲͻơ
һﵽԪֱںǰڵľ磬һ񻯣ľʹﵽںڣ꾳磬Ǵﵽ˿ֲںϺڡ
˿׿֮ϽһƷķǽ𵤺ھĸ֣׶һƴʵ
Ҳ˵񻯣ӵжԿںϺڸֵʵ֮ӵ˶Ը𵤺ڸֵʵ
ңǹѸݵٶȣʵ磬ҲǿԺˡ
ϾԪӤѳɣԪӤ֪ԪӤ֮ѣ㿪ʼŬǱޣ׼Ʒҩ׼ӦȽˡ
ȻԪӤ֮гϺͷ񣬺ͺ󾳽磬ΪȽٸһѣԪӤ֮󣬺˳
ηһЩزĸ֣ȻҲˡ
׵䷽⣬ȫڱ˽̵֮󣬻ӰԳտ͸״̬ţҲûԭġ
ߣȻֻ⿪˵һ㣬ĿտĿռ䣬ǿ˽ģ֮˶ʱʧĿռ֮УҲ漴ʧҲ˵˭׶ڲ֮ˡ
ټκ˶͸ΪȻͬԪӤµʿһ㣬ʮ־裬ΪУҲΪС
Щײš
нжϣ˽ģ֮ģĿֲֻĸ֣ᣬԲ򲻵ѣԷɽΪߣȻңҲûΪС
ǰɽա׷΢΢һ죬ȴʮֿĵ
ţҲã壬Ҳȷʵü
׳
ڽĴ£ףߵһȺӵܣʱɽϷȥ
ɽХëĴѩХ£ֻڵıֶѡ
ɽĵطױѾ֪ѩֻ䣬ȴǱ󷨻ţůһƬҲǳԣ
󷨣ײ֪٣˵֮Уʶʮֵȫ棬Զ٣Ȼ
֪˺η˽ţβЩΪʦҲΪʦ׼һ
Уȴ΢΢һŮˣʵǿ⣬
ѭ̧ȥʱһĿҲĿڿн㣬Ŀ⣬׵Ŀ˻ȥһʱ䣬ĿƺѾЩȣ׵Ŀ⡣
֪ԼĽԪ磬ҪͻˣԱֳĽ⣬ʮ֮
ĿŮϣ׵ģ΢΢һ
Ůӣĺ
ü续죬Ŀﲨӣң񱴣ȶ˵ΣĽ⡭
ֻǵɨһۣѾԷΪԪڡ
ԪӤֻһ
΢΢һЦ΢΢ɽҰɢ֮ףĽ˴ð壬Ҫ֡
ʦһ̣ʱҲ
ȻʱӾ֮˹΢΢һЦ¶ݵѿˣʵʵȻ֪̾εβ㾳ˣᣬ㾳磬ʵȻ׵һɽһɽߡĵ
Ȼÿ˶ᣬһ˻˶£ƾŸоܴ²ó䲢ʲô˲õ飬Ҳεµĺۼġ
ȻԵòϣָоȴǺ˵ʶҹβˡ
ͬ׿⽭Ȼһһ֮£״жϳԷٻꡣ
Կ϶Էꡣ
ǶԷףȻ͸Ǹо٣Ҳǧꡣ
ԣȻŸ̾
ȴ΢΢Цˣ¶ǵԼ˶ˣʲô磬Ȼ֣Ϊ˷ȻȽپ硣
׵ĻȴʹýȻʱļŮɫ䡣


174 ˴ԪӤɽ
ֻʵ棬ȷʵںһ׸ûʲôʱ⣬룬Ҳʮѣһңһǰʮһҡ
Ļ˵ȥţңҲȫû˵ıҪ
ߣҲ˵ֻģ˵һ£Ȼͼλϣ⽭µӣ۾ֱˣΪǺڵĴ˵֮еĿֲ֣ʱ϶Цݡ
ȻȻЩ٣Ƿݾ⣬ȴķĵġ
ʱȻҲŸ̾ѹ֮ǰѵĿ⣬Ȼо壬ԭѹʵ˵ãֻѣֻ»ۡ
Цһ㲻Ҫǰ壬һǽ֮룬ҲΪ䱦֮£ȻΪ䱦һµԭ򣬺ΪУҲ㲻ʲôؿ
ţ˵ôϻѻϢ
Ȼ΢΢ȻһĶߵλŮϣʱҲһ롱Ķ
΢΢ͷҲǰ棬ˣʱҲͳϸϺ󣬸
һɱУС𡱣˿̣׵ʵֻܺȫһɱС
ɱУֲڣһֻ֣ҪԷʵ˵ʵͣ޿赲
׵Ȼ˴򿪵ķӡȻַӡģֻҪԷʵ˵ʵǿȻɱˡ
˵ʵ֪ʮֵĿֲԻϣһе޵С
Ҳװֵԭڡ
ΪҲΪʲôֻΪ˿ʵܺЩᣬײ㣬ʵߣܹܱⲻٵ鷳
ֻǣ£׵ʵȻǿȴֻܽɱľʹһΣϾĵһ㣬˰²ɵģҪڶ㣬֪£ڶ㣬Ҳֻܽ˹ʹζѣ
ʹһ֮ȫĸɾҪ˲֮УŲ˲Ŀյڱɱ
ʽǿĻָȻаһʱԪڸֵĽ𵤣ٵĻָԪ
ʵԪڸֵĽ𵤣ѾǿĿˡ
׽֮󣬱㰲Щ̹Ȼʶ㣨˵򣩣ȻԷʱشһ㣬ƺҲӡ֤ǿʵԭ
֮Уʵǿ󣬶ܣȻͼһۣǾ𺳡
ƺ磬ûʲôǰ֪ģ
Ȼܿ϶ԷȻǧ꣬ʵʹýȻͼλ϶뵽˱Ŀɽƺǿǿ
˵Ȼ׵ıܵģߣԻǺܲģûʲôͼƺ֪ԼҲûаõ뷨ΪвЩøС
ײһĺ֮ˣԴõˣȻһ㣬ǶԴ֮ˣȻӵĺ飬һ˷ȻԷš
ͽȻĽ̸ţʱҲôš
ԭ׼ĸ֣˿ȴǴ󲿷ͣ
ΪʲôΪΪǿɵȻֹ
ʵĸֶ֪Ѿﵽ˿ֲԪӤ۷壬ԪӤڣǿֲԪӤڰԪӤ֮ѣе㳣ʶߣ˭˲֪˭˲
ĸ֣ȴǺȻɫصֹɽţֻҪɵӣ塣
Σֹģɵ棬Ĵ󻤷ĴԪڵĻϡ
ΣԪӤǰڵĿ̫ϳϿմʦԪڵĿճӣλϣԪڡ
ţԪӤǰڵŵߵ˺ܻ˾ԪӤڣţҲֻˡ
ٴΣǿղŵԳԪӤޡ
Ȼֹģħڤаɵڤڤ棬ͬԪӤǰڡ
ֹģȻħĸ֣ѪħаˣԪӤڡ
ԭ֮ˣ˺ܶ࣬ΪԪӤֵĲμӣʱЩƴ֮֮ˣǷ׷װͷ
ãҲҪòźãɵһʱɷ׷׷˲롣
ǲ룬ǼȻˣٲ룬ԵĺΪУرĸԣûɲȨס
ңԪӤˣħĸҲˣ׷׵ȥ룬ʵǲȡ
ߣǲףȻӴ󣬵ȴҲЩԴ۾ʧȥǡ
ȻûϣЩȻͰ롣
ԣ˺ܶ࣬ɽµģҲʮ˶ѡ
ֹʱʹԪӤֶʱҲԳ˾֮ġ
½ֹһȺȺˣɫ˼ֳ˿崺ӡӡӡ嶬λԪڵĳϣɫ΢΢ţȴû˵
ɵ̫ϳϿգ˿ͣ˺󣬶λʾ⣬λ϶ʱ˳ơ
Ȼ˶ֵǿԪڵߣȻʵ̫ȥҲѡ
ţʵ΢СպһЦ΢΢ͷȻȴ֮׼
ⷽ棬ߵ˺ܣ޶ԣɫ侲š
ԪӤڵޣԺһˣҲΪ⣬ԪӤڵ޶ԣԪڵߣһ㡣
ޣղǵԳԪӤڣȴҲһģҪ֣Ȼһħһ
ħһڤڤ棬ԪӤǰڣѪħаˣȴԪӤڸ֣ʵ޺ʮֵļɵ
һУ±ֻʮˣˣ룬ҲûǵȵʵֻԶԶĹš
ƺγɵĬûʵ֮Űɣ
治ףҪȴ֮
̺ܸߣԿ˵ãȻ嶯Ϊ˷˴֣еĿܺ󣬵֪ûʲôϣŴ٣Щ˱㶼ǵķˡ


175 ɱ
ԪӤڵĸ֣ϡٵ˾̾ÿţĸֵģһСɣһԪӤڵĸֳ֣ôССɣܽǰʮλС
ȻΪӴ˵֮࣬ÿһڣ֮ԪӤǲٵġ
ԶԣȴԵúϡˣԪӤ֮ĸ֣ǰǧѵһʹԪӤڸʮֵ
ΪԪӤڸֱҲʮֵ԰ģ԰ֲһֵ⣬ǰȻ;裬ͬԪӤֵħ߻ޣû˻Գ֣Ҳû˻ĵȥһ˭ʵǿ
ʵѾ٣㷨ʵѵóһΣԣʹòԪӤַᡣ
ȻһЩĸ˵֪ϢģʱȻֿܻ࣬һޣôõϢ
Ѫħǰ֪ΪҲ̤أǹ˵ֹ֮壬һ޸ȥˣʵҿ͸ԲðȻȥ
Ѫħ˵ͷ˫ѪĹâһһɫʱ԰˼֣ȴƺ֪һ㣬û⡣
ˣЩаţӦòʵǿԭ򣬲Ųǧ꣬ǿֵزҹаȥ
ѪħȻ˵ֱӻһѪ⣬ʧɽ¡
һȻ뵽ɶԷδĸ֣ѪħͷˣȻҲϴ㾫ʳ棬ʱһӵλѣҲȥˣλ롣
룡
룡

²Ļش̴Գܵˣ˵⼤˳ȥԪڵߣ˿̿ЦҲѸٵĸȥ
ƽ˿νҪ÷Ҫ꣬¶֧Ь
ȻˣҲʲôԹԣԪӤڸֶԣּ䣬ٸԪڵĸ֣ǲһ㣬θԹԡ
Ӻ嶬ĬĬ̾ϢճӣǿЦ
ϧʱҲٵĳɽϷȥѪħ֣⻹Ǻڴġ

ǺǣȻˬ֮ˣˣҲףλԪӤڸɽˣԪڸ֣
ɫʱ侲΢΢һ㣬ʱ»ָ˵ݡ
һ̣ȻλϾɫ䡣
վ߳⣬ǰգ΢΢һЦˣԳΰɣԪӤڵĸˣôģǽ˿Ц
ȻӢ۳꣡λʵȻ
ѪȵЦʱ߽Ȼ϶ʱɫһ԰ףʱ̲סһѪ
Ǵѹ
ɫһ֮ежȻתɲǼ䣬׶ʱһؼ򵥿״̬ͬһɿֲĽֱӼѪħɷѹʱ
ʱѪһһѪɫӰѪɫս׵ӣ֮С
Ƭ̣󣬳ԪӤڵĸ֡
һγְλԪӤڸ֣׵ģҲһ
ȻܿԷеĽʱҲɵȻһЦ
Ǳƣǿֲʵұ֮£Ϊ⣬ûϽѹ
µģƹ뵱龳磬ǿֲ޵ѹ֮£ȹͷˣԼû⣬ԪӤڵħߵѹ
ѹ޷ǱǾѹⶫ׶ԣȫǼҳ㷹
ҪǾν⽣ģһ㲻ǾΣĽôܱһССħߵľѹ
ԣ̽Ѫħҵʧܡ
ѪħĸӦϼ޻Ҳʱ׵ˣûԼһôǿҪɱԷѪħЩŵġ
ȻһЦߣȻѹҿҲˣѪħаʱãȥȻɱ⣡
ȴǺȻЦˣѾӶԷ֮Уͨ͸ӦԷʵʵɱ⣬ԷǲܷŹģˣڱʱûʵʱ֣һɱʵѾϣѪħΪԪӤڵħߣһк˸Գ֣
Ȼһ˴˿Ҳǵ֮ɫнȻҲ㡣
Ȼ²ʵǿȴǲ֪׵жǿʵһսȻѪħƹȻѪħ˵ǿ϶ʵ޼ʱȻͽˣɵ
Ȼ㣬һϣѪħһϣ
ЦĿǲмĿһʮˡ
ѪħһЦΪԪӤڵħߣȻ԰ıǮһ𹥻ʵƤҪ֮ˣȻ㡣
СӣѪħһᣬʵ˵
Ҳã׵ҲҪѪħ˵ã˵
ߣѪħһһʱһѪɫĳ
ѪħǵȻȻӦ׵Ľб㲻ˬ
ѪħһһƷЦˡ
ⶫһ̣Լô
Ŀ⣬ѪħҪˣȻ۹⿴ԼѪɷʵǸ֮
һ̣ѪħĶȫԪ׼ԪӤڲе˲ƣȫһԷһɱ
һ׵ȻһЦȴǼ˵ľ裬ȫĶԪȻһ˲ȫĴݶ
һ̣ȫԪ˲룬һգͷһ˲ʧ
ʧĵطɫĹâһһֲȻ֡
𡫡
һصĺУʱѪħߣĹڵأڵϲϵķѪһ˲ǷҴܡ
Щ˾ѪħһѾ˲Ƶߡ
ݺݵһȫû֣Ǿ޴ĽצֱӵһסѪɫѪɷֻÿһѪɷʱѳɷ飬ȻȫıĽצ˽ȥ
һ̣βһ˲Ĳ˹ռֱӿ꿦ѣѪħûκηӦһҺʱѾ伣


176 Ԫ
̣ڵʯ֮䣬ͷβѪħֵռѪħռָһӣ
ֵĳԭվĵطȻɫԵмֲ԰ףĽ⣬ȴǸӵͣռָ֮һˣʱɫ粻
ˣȻ˲˴ᣬô˱ܣȻ֮£ǰΪ֡
Ѫħһ˲䱻Էɱˣ⼸ԪӤڵĸɫǷħԪӤڸְӣȻʵ
ڤڤ֪ȻԷŭ£ȴûκΰ취һ仰˵뿪ԼˣҲûħˡ
׵˵ͷ£нҲǣƾ¡
ֻᣬɣڸ֮£˱ִ壬ҲǼ˶ѣȻѪħаͱˣɱʵ˱һƶѡ
ɱ֮£㾳磬ǲּ֣ɱˣǺΪ֮գ
׵Ȼ˵ǲмĻ˻֣˿Ҳмּɵ˵Ĵ󻰣ȴҲܽһ˵Ҫ˼޷ͷһ˱ˣִˡ
һ·ϲ˷мɵȴвỳһǿߡбҪ˵ѡ
һʮ˹Ȼһ㶣Ȼ񣬾Ƿ׷׸ɽ
˿̣ȻͽˣŴӾ֮˹
һУɱѪħԪӤڵĸ֣˹Ȼʵ˵ã
ʱٵӾǷ׷׸Ǵˣˡ
Ҳ΢΢һЦȴЩź
һвġôõŽѪħƷѪɷǬָô
ʧˣѪħԪӤڣǬָıֻһѰɣ
ţ׽ʶ̽ȥ
һ̽΢΢һϲʱ֣ѪɷɵڲˣǬָȻȴǻһƵƬߡ
˸ãԺĲϣָ
һϲһֱȡǬָ
ʶһ̽üͷ壬ѪħȻȵڤ涼һƷԪʯһ˫ªƷսѥ
ǬָǿֻĸҵĿռ䡣
΢΢̾ϢǬָԼĺãҲὫ˸Ǭָ˿̣ȻԼĶֱȡǿԪʯƷսѥȻճǬָ
ȻͼĿ⹧ĿԼ΢΢һЦ⽫ǬָݸȻѪħʽָҲãŰա
ȷʵⶫ׶ԣôֻҪ㹻ǿҪƿռ䷨ѶȲ̫
ʶ˿ֲ׾ãֻҪ㹻ǿԼҲһˮ׼
Ȼܾǿ˿̬ȣʱ˹лֹ
ȴһЦ
֮УѾ֪⽭ȻһɣԱǵ磬ײŶԽȻ˿
ײ²ⲻǽң
ԣϸ˵ȻӦĸ׽÷汲
ңΪҵĹأŮӳޣ򺢶գŮͽͽŮΪա
һ㣬֮Ƽϵ塮ŋ֡ꡯ彵䣬Ȼ뵽壬Ӧǽ١
ȻԼ֮ˣȻǺһЩ
ȻҪߵлȴȻֹˡ
ȴһߣĿƵĿףȻΪûôļӶǾ塣
׶һȻ֪ȴǵȻһЦ
Ĵ壬ĴԼŵӵòʹкһֳɾ͸УҲ֪ԼֶΣĲʵڳɾ͸֮ҲŬǱ
ŽĵĿֲ֮ټϻʱ䣬׾չ죬Ԫ硣
Ԫ磬ǽĵĸ߲ν׶ΣֻҪ˽ԪнĽİݺᡢǬĹԪ֮ռ磬飡
ħԪʵʾѾ˽ĵĸ߽׶Σ⼸ĸӦʹ׾ãģѾȫĳ죬ֻҪ㹻Ԫܺܿͻˣ
֮ǰ׾ٴһʵ
ȻסЩԪӤڵĸ֣Ǳ׼Щԡʱ򣬲ᣬң⽵µģ壬ҲǹƽѱЩ˲ĶоǣԪӤڣ۷ô
Ȼǣ
һһЩڡڡڵĸڱ飬ӵ鷳
飬ԶԶûô򵥣ңÿˣͷǰѡȫġ
ЩˣƴŲҪҲᷨģһԼʵʵй¶ôҲʧܲԶˡ
пٵķţ£ҪŬʵϵķʵ
г˼ţ˾ʱ䣬Ŭͻƣûͻƣʱͣս֮Уѹ֮ȥͻƣ
ҪͻƵʱ䲢Ҫܳһʵ;絽ˣֻҪűǰͻƣҪܵľʹ࣬ıʹ࣬ЩҲûԡ
ԣͻƵʱ䣬
Ȼѡ˱չأֱӵĸ֪˽ȻȻ㽫ΪغΪҪøס
ΪˣȻĴ϶ڱչͻԪӤĴϸ˳
˵֮󣬴ϵЦݣȥݻһס
ˣһ֮׽ҡ
屾һһǱޣϲţֻ·壬ʱҲʹɾ֮С
׵ĳ֣ɴ˿̱ɽһ㣬ҰһƬˡ
ԭȽõĳལڣڼӿʱ򣬶ʱȫĺƲ˹ϵȻ⣬Ȼ˲ݡ
Щ£Ҳᣬ׵óһŽ𵤣һԪڵħĽ𵤡
𵤣͵ҩͬǽ𵤣ʣȻãȴʹ߻ħҩͬĵҩޱȣܰٷְٵա
Ƕ׶ԣʲôʶνĵĿֲת֮ʲôֻҪһɵȻȫԪתǿ㴢ڽ֮УӦ񻯵ʱ󣬶СԪתһղЧҽĵĳɳѸޱȡ
Ư׵ǰȻ󲻶ϵתţױŵ˫ۺȻʵʵĽⶸȻ伤ȻһжȻӿʱһٲ˽ȥȻѸٵʧ
һ̣֮еĽ𵤷ˡ֮תϵŽ֮嶾ԪӿȥͬʱһٵŽĳȥ
⽣ĵĺĺڶƺԶ޷һ㣬š
͡
ûƿأеı߷˳ʱȫı𸲸ǡ
ͷëλһƣëգλ治ϵƤһ˲䣬۵ļʱͨһƬĶļţһ˿˿ĺų
Ḷ́ڽ֮£ֻԼᵽʹࡣ
ÿһգǽĳ̶ȣĵÿһתǽ꣬źͽϵ
ңŽĵĲ룬ϵԽԽС
Ԫһ׳ţڶҲԵøӵͿֲĺڶʶӦȥɵ
׵ģһֱţһεḶ́˳ľ˵˳Ȼʮֵľ裬ϾһʧܣǽĿֲ֣ײòСĽ
ԣˣײСĵĿƽͽĵתɡ
ԪڵħߵĽ𵤣ȷʵʮֵӴ˿񱩵ɣһһҹȥˣȻаٷ֮ʮʣ࣬вɶ˼ǡ
ĵͻƣѾڿʼˡ
ĵĲɱ䣬ʹýԪѾڿʼˡ
һѾԿ϶ܹͻƽԪˣֻǶȴǲ֪ý³ǲܵġ
׳˼ţȻĿΧ߷еϡ
кһʱױ뷨ʶɨǬָ֮еĿԪֵĽ𵤣һĨš


177 彵
Ѿ˼ƽϣҵ˽⣬еһɵǣɢ
һĶȻһɿֲĽ⣬׵ģҲΪ֮һ꣬ҲһĲ
Ԫ磬ڴ˿̣ȫͻˣ
Ԫ֮ͬߵһеתţһ̣̹ļҪ˻ԭʹ࣬һ˲䣬Ҳ֮ȫʧȡ֮ģһ̩֮⡣
ǵģ̩ûйģ˵̩ĸоͺȫΧһůͬһĻ֮һ㡣
׵ţһ̣ʱٴμٵš
ԭͣ͵ΪʱҲٵš
вһ̣֪Լһּ顣
ǵģͻˣĵĸ߲ξ磬ͻˣ̤Ľ
һ̣ҲȫĶˣĵİ塣
ԪֲԹǿĹɱУǳĿݺͳĹ켣ô׽
ľ磬Ҳʹ׵ţӵǿˡ
磬ûп񻯣徳ȻĶڣĶڣںǰڣǶʱɵģȻһԪڵħߵĽ𵤣ǲһĳ̶ȣûһĸȻͻƣȻ꾳ѾﵽںϺڣҲһ
ң꾳磬ﵽںϺڣҲͬԿԽΣϾںϺڣ𵤾磬ںϾͽ֮ľ磬ѶҲǺܴģȻԪӤȻ㲻ʲôΪеѶȣںϺڵǰڣҲһ翨ʵǺ
׵ûʲô벻ģͻƽԪ˿ѾʮֵĸˣϾ㹻ʱ䣬Լܿ϶ԼųԽ̫ʵϾǽȻԪڵĸ֣Ѿ߰ˣ⽭ŽڣҲ꣬ʱ䣬Լţ붼ﵽĸ߶ȡ
׺ţҲޱȵĽ׵ţ˵ǿң
ȷʵԽǿ׵ͶԣţȷʵŵıǮ
ʮ꣬һС䣬ͨĶڣ꾳ǴﵽںϺڣʵʵ˾̾ٶȣʵ˾̾
Ȼ£ûиκˣ˿̣Ҳܸκˡ
͡
ĽȻʢһ̣ͷֻǣΪҪĽѣѡĽ뷨ѹȻһջ񣬵ȻĿͷ
վԪһӿȣǿĸоģ׿߷ػʱֱһ֣С
Ķֱӵʹץġ
һʶ͸룬տҲȴǼ˵Ŀտ
Ǭָͬϵһ˽֮УҲ֮ʧ
˳ֺֻ֮֡
ϸ˵һһĿռ䣬տ֪νǬռ䣬ɵĿտĿռ䣬ʲôûУյģ棬ȴǿڡ
ңȫͬʱҲǾȵģʲôƫ
˶ӣǶӣȫһƶң
׶ԣյĹ֮УⶫȻʮֱҪģȻ˵ģʮֵϧûоΪеͷ
ռ֮̽һ£׽ʶ˻
Ӧһܣ΢΢һЦʱ֮ʱȫΪȣȫ
ң˿棬Ѿҹˡ
ͷ˽ûʲôϾҹ棬ﶼࡣ
֮⣬ȻȻһȺˣѾȺˣӣֻ޵ʱһǱ׼Լˡ
׳ȻϾӭ˹ϲѳأʵپһ㡣
΢΢һЦ˵ͷ»вʱҪ䣬˴쳣԰գԼλϵҪʮСġ
ȻȻһЦлѹģ˵ӣĸŵԱ֤˰ȫ´жЩѲصǡ
΢΢ͷĿͶעԶգҲٶԡ
ĿⶢԶգ׵Ľģʼ궯
˳׵Ŀ⣬ȻλϣɫҲͬʱɽ£ԪӤڸ֣ĿҲͬı
֮⣬ЩǿĴڣ䱦ľʱ˳ģͷӵ
ӺͽȻ֮У֪ѾиƲ䱦ľʱΣ˳
ʲôȴ֪
һϣЩο˵ҪЩǿ̫ġ
ȷʵһȫĲ²˳ȻҲʲôˣǲ²ⲻŪ˴ƣƴᡣ
׵Ŀⶢſռ𽥳ֵĺɫ쫷磬ɫҲһıõͳ
ɫ쫷磬ڿзĺХ˲䣬ռͳĿ£ʣȫĺܣȫ˺ڰһ˿⡣
ֺڣһĺڣȫڸ鶯˫ۣڸ˾Ե˫ۣʹüףʧȥ˹ֻܿűʶӦһС
۾ŵģֲָ
ܶʱ򣬶ûĸоˣ΢΢̾ҹĳ֣ʹģѾͬҹһĵͳˡ
ɫ쫷ؼһƬȻھ޴ĺ֮УȻ䣬غݺݵĲһ£ؼ䣬һӺڵĺڶˡ
ڶһ֣׵ģ̲סݺݵһĶʱҲٵķת
˵ļ٣һ̣׵ĳصЩϢĸоˣ
ʲô
ɫ䣬ڶ֮УȻһɺڹ⣬ֱɽ¡
͡
Ŀռ䣬ںҹ֮ѣɫ֮еĺɫڵĲ
ռѵĺȣ֮ǰĺڣͬһĴۡ
ľڵ£ȻҲ˿ֲѹ


178 ô
ռ䲻ϵţɫĺڶͬת쫷磬һ˲ϯ£ֱӿԽĿռһ㣬µ£ĻѩȻ
߲ʵ⣬۵ֲѹһ¶
أʱ߲ʵ⣬̵޷۾
߲֮£ڣȻоصĹС
֮⣬ÿˣǲĹͷĤݣҲȫɿƵĹݡ
ףһıѾתţˣҲͬһؼĽš
кף߲ʵ⣬Ǻ˸Ĺâһ޶ĹâĹâԭ϶Ԫڣֲˡ
޷϶ȴǱܵĵֿԼݵĳ嶯ڣƺǰ⣬ǷС
вֿͬһ㣬ͬȻվ
壬һ壬߲£γλʱûؼ䡣
׿ߣûоۼһǾۼ
֪ԼۻΣһ׹⣬ޱȵɽ֮¡
߲ʹâ֮󣬶ʱռ䶼Ḷ́ǶݣҲǿݡ
ѹʱ򣬳ףû˿ʲôط
Ǻҹȥͬһ֮ˣ뵽˿ֵܳĽ
߲ƿյǿµİȻ֮ÿһۺ߶ۡ
ھԵǰһЩԭֻǴ㿴ֵߣʱѪڣšϵ³ȥ
ĬĬĿһУеĲһķŴ
ö壬ųһλγƣңΪռ任͸죬涼Ѿ֪ʲôΣա
ôðȻȥֻһǾǣ
׺еĸо˿̣ǿҵĲͷӿǿĿ־ϢƣײãЩôȥʲôĶ
Ŀ⵭ǺԼ޹һײûмڳɽ·ȥ
ʱ򣬽ȻŮϣȻ˹ԼģٿװȻվԶıӰ֮£оһĽ;֮顣
ĸ֣ɲǰ˵ô
ԣȫһԵʱ̰
ȻֲȻģǶνķľ̾
ףȴ˳˼
ͨޣ֪ŋѹ޵ģڣö壬ŋʲôֱ
׸޷֪ȴ뵽ö壬λӦѹʲôǳԽۼޣԳѹӡ
ȻǲʵģǳΪʲôԽɽĶ磿
ңûʲô·᣿
˻˵Լȫö壬Ȼ
ܶɻһƬʹ˼άһĻңײû˼ȥһУ壬Ȼз
嶼һ֪ÿһö壬Ӧöһ֡
ţóԼϵһö壬ʶһɨȻֶʱԼԺ֮С

ö壬н
һʱ뵽Լһö壬Ӧǽȥˡ
֪֣ڻȥѾȫĿ϶ˣκʱֻҪԼö壬ԼȻܻȥˡ
һ뽫ŻǬָ֮УʱӺ֮ϣشһǣһ
һʱȡǬָ֮У׵Уȴ׵壬ö壬ϵ
ʱײ֪ߣǿƿ˲õ
ǶԷΪʲôԼ߶Է˵ˣ
ܶණһ̣ĺ֪ߣܹԼæΪֲԼְæ
һʱ˳˼

һĲҽУʹ͵Ĵӳ˼֮оѹĿ֮׵ͫ׺ݺݵһ
֮µĵһˣȫʱ˿ֲɫľŽĻ棬ԭ˲öȽڵĸֻҷģǴ˿̵Ļ棬ȴЩ죬ֻ˵գϵ·ȣûһ㱻յĺۼǲҽ֮ȴԽԽ
ݺһ֪꣡
һ󷨣ʹǿĻ͸ֱ꣬ԭΪ˵֮еμǴ˵ѣһ֮£ʱãɵһ
֮󣬽Ӷ߰ѳֲס񣬷׷׳գʱ˻𴫳ɫҲһףȻˣǱҵ˻ˣ԰׵ޱȵ˫ۣҲ۾Ǿ֮ɫ
ЩģԪҵߣҲн𵤺ڵߣԪںԪӤģȴûһˡ
ȻЩߣĲҺʱŶԾԾԣֻչ黹ûгȥ
Ѿ֪岻ôģһʱиǵͳ
Ȼϵ˵ҲֻӲͷƤϡ
һҲȥսսѥ꽣ƷˣֱվɽϣзսƷŴѪɷħѥƷװȻ֮ȥ
ʱ򣬼׳ˣĿⶢ׵ս׿һۣ˵һߡ
סˡͷѾ˳ȥһɱײеɱħͷѪħʹеߣ׾ͬʱ˼־⡣
ŷɥѪħаˣ˵һ֮Уﻹ˲۵ĳȥңȱȥ̽µǿ̶ȣ׳׷һԹۿ
ףȻҲȥЩˣ½֮еĽ𵤣㹻ʹΡ𡯣ֻҪ˲ײΣ塣
׳֣ɽµȺʱλԪӤֺλԪڵߣǷܿǰ
һ˼緢رƷս֮еûʲô̰֮⣬ĿⷴӵĹˡ
ۣˡ
һʮˣǰҲʵ֮
ˡȻѾ˵ƽȻųɱֵĿܣЩˣȻҲģֻҪõһȻ֣ʮˣҪıԼһˡ
ڶ𾴣˾Ϊײǲ㽫˵˷ҪƱᣬȻҲǲʵģҲ󷽣˶ԷʹֶΣȻҪȫĽĺá
Լ֣ȴЦˣֻҪڲһ䵥ֻҪ䵥ֻҪԷõӣԼŸӦȻܽԷĨɱ
Ȼн𵤿ɣЩڣԪӤײûɡ
ԣƣЩᣬһΪԼ̽·ҲʡȥԼٵ鷳ֱɱЩˣ˱ǡ
ɱЩˣваĲԼֳ˼˵ǿʵЩκһˣɱ壬ȫɱԣֻҪʵϡ
ЩˣǶԼԼʵѡ
ԣɱЩˣȻκε뷨˿̣໥õĹ̶ѡ
֪ķҲʮֵˣôŽ֮У뿴֮£ôһ¶ѡ
Щ˵ߵ׵Ȼĵ˵ͷʾӦǱ֣ڱ˿ƺЩд󣬲Ǻò˿ȴ֮ʵˣ㲢ûʲôס
תЩˣȴʮֵľ裬ȻڣһҲ⡣
˿˹ǵǲɵӺ
վɽ֮ϣֱ˲Աߣ˫ۣ֮¿ȥɫ΢΢һ䡣
оɫı仯ˣɫһ׷ǿķ׼


179 Թ1
֮£һ㶼ģ෴ʮֵ
յĻѩѾʧȡ֮ģһ޼ʵ͸ɫ
Źε͸ţһ޴ˮݣڲȫİһ
ڵ͸ڵľʿռ䣬ȫҲ׵С
Զʲô¾¡
ȴʲôüڲɽͣڲľȣǼ˵ġ
ЩҲʼӵĵͳһۣ֪Ǹ󷨣һǼ˵õ󷨡
彵䣬ȴǺȻȻγ󷨣Ҫ˵û˿ƣʵš
Ҫ˵ʲô˿󷨣Ȼ֮УΣϾʵܲСȷʵҲû˼
һ˲䣬׿ʼ˼Ժ֮У˲ͷǰľ磬ԵĿҲ˿ֲĵز⣬˲뵽ֿܶܡ
׶ƺɫһһĿռ䣬ȴʼûŲһ
ײǾŽȻŽ£ײ塣
ҪԽĭռ䣬ѶȻ
ҪѶȴǲС
Ϊ͸ĭ֮УѾ䶯߿ݵޣͬɽһޣһë򣬳ϣɫĵ绡ʱ˸ţž
⿴޵ͣױһĺⶫ˭ɱˣ
ûתȻĽˣһˣĿҲޱȣʱо׵𺳣ʱҲԱߡ
ֻҪӴĭȻᱻŽա
վԱߣ棬ߵ˻ܣһ̾㶵û˵
ˣʵǿ󣬻ϣֶܳԸһֻһֻһλԪӤߣ߿ͳƣλԪڵ߶ԸһֻޣΣ
Ѫħа֮ʵǿģղŵԳˣԳԪӤڵΪټ޵Ȼһ֮ʵǿ
˿̣һˣҪ
ܴﵽ磬ȻЩĵãȻҲ֪ԷҲаսȥ΢΢ͷ
ʵϣһ˵ĻҲûа˲ɵֻ˸ŵ绡ޣһֻĻȻϡ
׵ʵһûп޵ʵȻľ
Ҳ˵ֻޣеһֻʵ˵ĸһֻԺСһ䣬ʵԪӤھ磬һȺˣӦòаˡ
׿ʼûע⵽һֻʵ˲ٵޣЩһ˵׶ʱˡ
ʲôûбֳȻ
˿ǰ͸֣׳һĬĬָǻָ˹ȥ
ʱ桢ܡԳˣס˺Ҵһ£ЩΧȻۺ첱Ӵֵģǵһ̶ʽҲǰװ׵ôˡ
Ȼкȥǣֹס˲һֹסˣĳ嶯ʱ㱻ޱߵĿ־
ȷʵһɱѪħа˵ǿߣ¶ĿĶ£Լϳ壬ɱûκεķֱ
ɱʹ࣬תޣĳȥһ꣬ʹ಻ѣһ걻ջ𣬱֮ʧΣԶٻعˣ
ÿһˣ۾ɵôģ׽ָǻ֡
ȴԭģ˵ϵսףűܣ׾ɻ棬ٲҪң͸崫׽֮׾ã˺壬ӦɵĴϡ
һָָʱһɫĿֲĻ棬ɫĻ棬ǾŽ
ֻǣճָϣһ󣬽͵ıȻڵԪģʱǻȥ
꣬ǽȴǺϣһ˽̱ˡ
ǣбȽĸѸݵ
֮УȻֱӴǬָڲһڹ⣬֮ͬǰĺҹ֮кڵô۵ĺڹ⣬ʱɫĻĨɱ
ɲǣɫľŽȻϨ𣬶ԭӵ͸֣ʱһڹɵ˵ĺڶһĺɫն͸ɫնȥ沢͸ģһڡ
һ̣׺ԥ˶ʱĳ꽣֮УĿؽֱӼ˳ȥɲǼ䣬ֱӴɫĿն֮С
ȷӦıԳȻǸԶֶγȥҲգ˿̼ƿġš΢΢һ㶣׷׳˹ȥ
ݡ
Ӷ˲䣬ߴԪӤնʧ֮ǰ˽ȥʣλԪڵߣʱҲٵĳ˹ȥ
ճӺ嶬ҲɲǼ䴩˹ȥȵ崺Ӻӳ嵽նǰʱ򣬿նѾʼϣһӴǰɫ͸֣϶ʱһɫľŽ

ĲҽʹԱдħоһ
ͣ͵Ƭ̣崺ӶˣʱѾҷ
걻ˣͻữΪҷɣ֮Ϊޡ
۵ĿλԪڵĳ˵ģˡ
ֻǣȻòһЩʵǿĸ֣ʱǳ⻤ߣҲ濴ȥ
濴棬һжʮֵˡ
һص豸һһޱȡ
վǰɽţһʮˣǼһ𣬶ÿһˣûŲһ½Ų
״̬ʹˣɻ
ȻϣдӽӽˣҲϿԱߵһط
ϵһûκ˸Һ̣ңˣ׷׾òĹóֵط
ЩȻҲǵȻԴЩŮߣĿȵĶ͸Ļ֮С
Ż֮ײԶѾĿƵޣٿƺ֪ɵɵվŵģȻԼλͽĿ⽹ѡ
봫Ѷκ⻤ִڣѶϢֱӱ˻ȥȻˣǽ
ĿȻһǻˣ濴һֻ㿴Ǻʮˣûһ˸Ҷһ¡
˵ʹýȻ˸ӵĽ
ʱȻ䣬ճӣŵһ̺Ȼ䷢ƵĴһλεĵȻõĺҿɱжһ㣬׺ݲпᣬ֮
˵һʱһƬ
ճ˫֮Уԭ鶯ĹѾʧȡ֮ģǺɫĺͰɫĹâһһģԭ˵Ǻڰ֮ɫǵȻȫǺڵĺͰ׵Ľʱ򣬱һֳغɭĲĸо
濴ŵ˵ģɾһı˺˺ü
ʱǿճƺȫķһ㣬ȻЦŲĳˮ˹ȥ
Ļǰһɽɽ֮£һֻ绡۹Ѫ죬ɭ׵ͬײеҰһⷭţĵͳʹҪһ㣬һ䣬һֻС
һƬԭһĹռ䣬ԶƺţһĶߣұߣһȽϴĺһˮء
ں棬ȴʲô޷
ճӳˮأеĳķţȻںݺݷˮϷʱ򣬳ݺݵɱԼĵ
ۡء
һնɱ˽𵤣𵤶ʱȫı˿ը
޴ıըֻʹĿռ΢΢һͣʱֻѪɵĳûκεı仯
ѪˮͶϱ۲֫ˮ֮Уʱʧ
ƽͬһ澵ӣ浹ӳɽˮϵơ
ճӾôȻˣǷŸ˵ߣľŸˣûκεķӦ
ÿˣһأһĺȻ
ԹաȻȻ̾һʱռƺȻһ¡
һɫľŽȻŽȻ
һҺȻʱϯ˽ȥ
䣬ʹһʱٲҿ͸Ļ֡
ʦ



180 Թ2
ʹϵ˶ʱǴʧɫ
ôȻһ仰㽫Լ˽ȥǱȥʱһҺôϵ˾ľ
λɫıѿͽɫ࣬ţ޲õȥ
һ̣ԭſ˼Ҳȫıζ
ʱý͸գȻȻ濴ȴٲҿˡ
ѹû¡
Ȼ䣬Щľϲ˵
ͽǽһѭŴϵ͸Ļ֮п˹ȥһȻ棬߲ԶɲǳԼʦô
ֻǣԼʦôҲȻͬһ㣿
ͽھϲ󣬲ͬĵ֮ǰףΪʵǿԲǺǿҡ
£ΪԪڵʦͽĵǣԶ׼ÿʱỵ̈Ķýġ
һȺ߼Ȼ䱻˽ȥȴûȥʱķ׷ִңЩ˾ǷˣƺʲôֱӴɫĻȥ
ǣԭЩ־ˣʱҲķ˿־֮ģ͸տ˹ȥ
Ͼջʵ̫ˣа취Ľ棬Ȼòġ
ԭĵӣƺһıĥˣôҲɵ洳ֻ»ѣһĽȥˣԼ֪ķλʱֱӵĳɽϳ弴ɣﻹҪüͿ
ܶ˶˼һЩĶðվˣʱٴεΧ£±ߣĹۿ
ʱռһͣԭ֮ϣʱһƣȻ󣬺ƺܿѹӵɽ͵ϷȻ󣬺ƼѹͣɽϷĺƣʱһ׹⣡
٣
ȻһмֲϵߺȻɫҰף
һʱ˳߹ɫʱмΣĳһЦͷʾ⡣
Ŀ⣬ȴм𺳺;塣
٣
ʶ٣ʲôʵ
ⲻǣɢôɻӣɢǰ
Ȼ䣬һ߸˵ʱճ߹
΢΢ͷһУԪڵӣҲݲȥˡ
ţҲؿ˴󶯾ܶ޵ĸ˶Ѿˣڹ֮УҼɡ
ɢ˶ʱЦЦ˵
Ǻǣ裬Ȼ㶼ˣҲˣ
Ȼ䣬һ˲ա
ˣ㻹ûзѵѵãΪֻа˻˺ħˣû뵽ҲˡɢЦ
ʢ£˶вμӣҰ˻Ĳǲӣʱһʱ˳ȻһĿˣһǿϵϢʱɢǰ
ȻˣôҲұһˡһĵŮʱ˼˶ߡ
ʱһʮֱ¶ֻǹסظ˽λȻȫ¶Ůӳ֮С
һԶߣǼ
Щ˵֮ж켶˿ҲˣΣкϷˡ
ˣǿ󰡣ұȻΪҪǺ˫ޣգޱЦ
𣬺Ǻǣˣȷʵǿ󡣡ɢ˵ȻЦЦĿȴûж˵
˻ʲôղ
ɢˣɢɣħħߣ˻ˣǰڽߣһɢޡ
ˣʵﵽ˿ֲ۷״̬رɢ˺ǶȽʧɢ֮ˣʵǿ
ħħߣȽٳɹﵽڣʵ֪
Ҫģ˻ˣԽǿĽ֮·ȻŴǰڣʵȴ˼ɵһƿռ䣬õ˱
˺Ȼĳ֣ȻѾ֪ԼûκεϣȴǼˣΪ֪һΣкϷˡ
Ļȴûг֣ҲûðȻȥֻĬĬĹۿš
Թ塭ôһ仰һ򣬾˾ŽķأʵЩ졣ɢ˼ţȴԥ죬ûе͸ķ֡
룬ûţ
׵ʵǿǿΪɢɣɢжЩ׵ģֻǶԷĺܺã޷϶
ΪҲ͸ԷΪҪôԷǿҪôǿһֺ䱾¡
һɱѪħаˣֻǵȻһЦаɫ趼óֻ֣ҪһԪӤھϣھߣҲһɱԷ
ԣɱһԪӤڣ˱ΪǹģпԭֻܿűܴѪħа˵ĻǶԷʵҲˡ
ɢ뵽һ㣬ˣȻҲõ
ֻղû˵
˼šԹ塯ĸ֣ɢʲôûָ˻
û٣ܹʹ࣬Ͳ֪Ŀֲ
٣ҲѣŽ𣬳ֵĻڶȽʧܣ
֮ʶٲҾʵǱٸŵˡ
ߴﵽȽڣҪ׼ˣĿ飬ΪԽǿʵԽǿᣬҲԽǿ
Ȼ٣Ҳһ٣һ٣оžŰʮһÿһӺը֮ûȥǶȽٳɹ
ϣ١١١٣
磬һǶһ٣һ٣ֻ֮һĴʣ˵ٺ;ˡ
֮󣬻ǱɣʷϣҲû˶ȹ١
裬ΣȻȽٵʱʵһǿ˳٣ڷһصʱ򣬶ֱӽҪˣ֮£ֻܱɢޣǿгŹ˽٣һɢɡ
֮٣ȵҲǼ˵࣬˵ᵽ٣ͻ̲סĲ
˽ʮ꣬٣һαһοֲε٣ȫҷˣĴΣ趼֪ԼܲܳŵùȥֻҪһȽٵѶٱ㽵˾ųɣ
Σŷޣܳ⴫˵֮еʲôá
ƣҲɵˡ
ķʵûˣԼ޷ȥͷ˲ǣ
˼ɢ˶ʱҲ뵽ЩǱ޵ϼһȻû뵽Щ޵ϼһҲ˼
Ȼˣ˼ʱеһ
棬ÿһ˶ûжȫǴһ㣬
ÿ˵ı飬ȴǾڱ仯ţʱ֣ʱ԰ףʱ죬ʱʱޣʱŭ
˿Ҳһľ̾ͬʱΪ⶯ֵĴˣҲкڴֻº˵ˣ
˼˼ʱĬĬĿ߼һۣĿͶ׵ϡ
УвȻˡ
ʱһԪڵߣɵĳ嶬ӣȻɫȻкڹһʱڰ׽
ʱ򣬴ƺһǣкڰ׽Ĺâͬһһа졣
Ȼ˶Ȼͷ˿һۣҰ׵飬նĺ񣬶Ȼ¶һаЦ⡣
Ϊ˿̲סһȻ䵹ɫǲҰ亹ҲɭɭĹ䡣

һһۣĬĬĺ˼뿪⻤ֵķΧ
һ̣嶬ӺȻЦֻǡɭǵĹ֮һĿֲ
۳һߣӼȥԭͣ˿̺Ȼһ٣ʱ˫ִأһֻŭ˵ĴɣȻеĹâҲת˺ڰ֮ɫ
ڰ׵Ĺâ˸ţŵˮسȥ


181 vs1
ɫٴεһ䣬ٴ˿
ƽţǷһ֮ǰĿճһ޶̶ȸӵǿ
ȫûңаһ㣬ɿ峺ĺˮ˹ȥ
˿̣ˮ֮УȻƣȻɽˮ㣬ϣʵȴƸǶɫƲ㣬һĸ
ɫٴεһ䣬Ž𣬾٣
ҲǾ٣⡪
ԭΧԶߣƣʱһƬȴǾɫֵٴ˺ƺ屣˾Եľ룬һ㡣
µ壬ЩУֱǽԪӤӦٶÿֲ
˺ϣһʮˣĬĬ˿һľ롣
ʱѾ𳤵ݺݵһɱԼĽ֮У
أ
͵һըһƬѪɵĳ
ϡҵĺӵȼϿ˻⼸ţĿЩѪ죬ȴҲҳȥ
˿ֻ̣ĬĬİ󣬰ǵڣ棬ǧҪ£Ȼɣ㽫׵군ˡ
˿̣嶬ƺȫûиоĿа죬Ұ׵鲻ϵ˸źɫаĹââ˸۾˽Ȼ
˿̣ȻҲ˴֮УԹߵĽǶѣ֮УͬıֵúǾĬǣתҲԽԽ졣
ۿҲŲסˡ
٣Ѿѹϵ𽥵¡¡ʹĿռ䶼
棬ʲôǿſռĲȴǿ
ʦһҪͦסѽ
ʦѽ

һʱ䣬ǰۿĵӣϣҲĬĬţĿһĶǳеĽȻ
ٽ䣬Żƺʱ˺ҧɷ顣
ԣе˾ϲ⣬ͼʹǴҡ
ǰ·׷ûκΰ취ˡ
ϳ̾˿Ǻڰ׵Ĺâʱ򣬿ŽȻһ𣬶ʱҲˣٿȥˡ
֮·ȥͽİˡ


һ̣ͽȵӣҲҺ˫ס˫ۡ
λϣɫ࣬ȴĮȻĿһУûΪĶ۾

ͺ飬һУǺڵģ磬ȫĲͬ
棬ʶʧȥЧҲӦκεĶ
ܣ˺ڣǺڡ
ң磬ʹԼϵĽӦ
ȫĶϾĸӦʧȥĿ⣬ʧȥʶʧȥ˱ܺʶ磬뵽֮ǰޣûκʵ
пԼ֪ȫʧȥڵ磬̤һǾԵ·һ
ԣһֱĬĬվţߣʧȥʶ֮ߴֻҪ̧ȵͷһɿֲϢӿУ˾
һֱĬţӦţͼܸӦʲô
ǺܲʵǣһȻˡ
Ȼ䣬ƺԼһԹ塱ĸ֣ͬһףȻ׵С
ĶȻһ£ľȻȻ̺ĴԪڸֵĽꡪһһ̣׶ʱԽĶڣںǰڵľ硣
ΪԪͻƣӦÿľ磬˿̣Ȼһľ磬׺Ȼͻˡ
Ϊ׵ģʱɳ˼֣Ҳ
ġסһЩ磬Ŀ˵ԼľΣҲЩˡ
ߵĻȻ쳹ڶߡ
Ȼһö壬⡶סһϵϷ㣬׵ļ㾳֣Լú˼һ
һ㣬岻Թ塣
ڶ㣬Թ۲壬ԡ
㣬ַԣ塣
Ĳ㣬壬塣
㣬壬ġ
㣬ģġ
ʲô磬ѾνģǴ˿̣Ľ䣬ͳֵĺںͰɫ⾳绷ʲôӦþһһĻþ
뵽һ㣬׵ģȫĻȻ
Ȼֵ磬ǻôԼֻҪģ㲻ᱻҡ
˼һ䣬ȫıпգ׸ԼԼĹͶѣ֮֮ȥڶݵפ֮վȥ
Դǧ磬Լǲ׺һڣԹ߶ѣԼҲ֪Լվںδ
˱˼ĿʱȻһУͬھһ㣬ĸо˾еһС
ˣȻţɵһ㡣
ǰһɫʣҲʻ˹ԸˣȴǺȻоԼѵĽȻ֪ΪκȻ
֪ⲻǻþܻ֮ĸоѾرʵȻ֪ĽȻ
嶬аĺɫɱ¾ͷ֮⼤ʱ򣬽ȻУȻܿҪ
ڳ̬֮Լǿĵֿʱ֮£һֱӳڽȻߣȻһֱԴĳ
ƽʱȻ޷ȡʵǿˣǴ˿̣ȻȫûзƺܿҪȻȡ
һ֣һʱȻϵĺʱɢ˱㱻ȡ֮С
ڲ֮бǬҶ⻷Լ
ʶһɨ֪ĽȻ˹ʱа˲١
Ҫ£޻зٿ嶬ӣʱֳԪӤǰڵĸַˣȻЩ˸ã£ҪĻȽĽƵȻɱֻޣȻס٣
ԣһˣһ
һ֮ȻǿĽʱֱӿԪӤߵУ
ģ챣ĵп״̬µĻͲǺڰ
׵Ļͬһ㣬񱩵ĺ˵У˾ǺݺݵһȻ󵱼׵Ļĵ״̬
кȻĿ嶬ӣ֮˰ɭɭĿ֮Уʮа죡
ͬһֻĶһ㣬ҲһĿ嶬ӶȻͷٵĿ˳ȥ˲䣬ѾʧǰĴɽ֮С
һ̵ͻ䣬ʹһа˾һ
Գ˿Ҳ֪λ˵ãֻϣгɲðŵˣΣֻҪܻųȥʲôԳҲƽˣγ㲻ûˣΰټȥˣֲ̫ˣ
ȻɫҰףȴǺߺҪܺڣҲڳȥˣǽˣŬȥɣ
ȴǳĬû˵˿˫Ѫ죬һֱûгֵޣֿ˿ףˣΣǵȵģֻҪҵ˷Ƕȹѹأܴ߳ȥԺţԸ
΢΢ͷߡԳ˿˵ĻĵģȻܵõ
ֻ⻷ܻܲȥԼ˵ҪǴĻȥֻҪ֮У⵹ǲ󣬵ǳأҪİɣҲԼߣ
ȻˣҪˣ⻹ǲģǿװ˵ģװ滹ԭ޵ģ˵ʲôԸ⣬ױҲǿ
Ҳ֪˶ԣû̫ô㿿壬Իо־塣
΢΢˼׵ͷӦʣȴǵ£ۺ޽ңǼˣҪȥŬһֻ޸ɵҪٳˣûɱ޽˺ˣ
ģԪӤڵޣȻʵ㣬Ҳˣ²״̬Ҳûʲôù˼ɵģ֣Ӧò󣡡
ڤڤһֱһԣ˿ȴҲ̬ˡ
ԳȻҲݺݵĵ˵ͷ棬ҲѾʼ׼ˡ


182 vs2
׳˵ͷתǰԶ˫Ѫޡ
ֻںƺҪһ㣬ȴ˿Ҳ΢΢һ㶡
ޣҲ˺ڰô£
ţȻޱϵȴǵ绡ϵٶȻӣһص˲併£˰һֲ
װ˶ʱٵ˿֮䣬һᣬȻʹıɱ
Ѫɫޣëٽϵʱ˲չ˿һë򣬶ʱ㻯ԣ
ԳһѪɫ˫ۣʹ׶ʱһϤĸо
ģȻ㣡
м˵໰ףʱͷŭޣϤĸоȻڱѩǳֵ޲ͬϤϢʹ׶ʱŭ
죬һô
׶ʱŭˣȫŭˣ³ɺһӿ˿ﻹʲôһǰֻɱ¶
һǳ˾绹ĽĳɵĽ屾һȫĳ˳
һûʧǾôվԭأĿƵĿȻɱ
ʽɱУҡ
޵ʵƺǿ
ʱ뵽˵Լ壡
һ׶ʱЩˣ֪ԼƺЩдˡ
ȷʵޣʵǳ˵Ļ𣬲޷ɱֻ֣ǻᷴ޼ŭˣ
мĿȴĶޡ
ˣ˿Ҳٽ֮ǰݺݵĳ˳ȥһֻɱ˹ȥ
һֱӵɱ˹ȥ
Ӵ壬ݺݵľ޵ϣȻ͵Ĳ
ٽ׺ݺݵĺɫƬȫ޶ԡ
һ̣кȻһʱޣӦǴ˵֮еĻ֮еޣ
٣ٵޣҲһ
ϾԼֻǽһѣȻɱǿȴԼȫƿصģޣɽĸ߼ޣԭƹٵģ˿ȴΪγ
гѩǳֵޣȴ֪ǲޣͬϢ
ľ֮£ţϵٴŷݴ׳ɫ׵磬Ȼݺ¡
ÿһ£жһѪڣӰ죬ȴҲ󣬱ϾŽһ㣬־ϵ΢
˺ܾã𽥵
ҲԽ㽩ֵĿռ䣬Σޣǲ
嶼ŤһƤƫƫûȥͷĺܽĿƵĶޡ
һǬָ֮жʱӿһԪڸֵĽ𵤣Ҳɣһ֮ĵطʱһʵʰУһѽ˽ȥ
ûڣķתʱɵС
𡫡
Ȼһȫٵı仯ͬʱ˷Ŀ
Ʋѣʵ¶˿ҲҪˡ
һжˡ
˵ںǰڣһ񻯣ڵĽĵľ磬Ȼ񱩵ԭںڵĿ񻯾磬һͻƵںϺڣ꾳磬Ҳ˲ͻˣ˽ǰڣ
ﵽ˽ǰڵ꾳磬˵ĸܲһˡ
Ŀؽ˺ͽ϶ΪһֱԽԪľһ
һɱɱʽԽԪľ磬ֱɱȥ
׹⣬Ȼһۼ⿴ˣޣ˲䱻â̵һ¡
һҲһһ㶣ʱס˲ӣ׵Ľʱݺݴ޵۾
ۡ
͵һը˫۵Ľʱֱۿڲʹɱһɱ֮޲Һһݺһɫһ궼ʶһ˲ʧ֮С
ۡ
͵һѪȫĹ˵ϡ
ޣ׶ΪϾɱ𣬶ɱԷ
׳ĬˣʱһֱԺĴߵĽȻڿ˵ף΢΢һϲʱæ˹

ɫ磬մ͸Ŀռݣݺݺ͸Ĺϡ
ʱһֱһеǣǴʧɫرˣд󺮣ܿ
ۡ
䣡
ǰһɫбƿ͸ֵģȴһֱֻը
ֱըֱߵĿռ䣬ʱĿռѵĺڶǲû˵ʲôˣɫ磬ƲֱʣȻԶԶģݺݵıըˡ
䡱һǶˣǺȻըһ㣬һ£˶ˡ
ĸ֣ȥˣ׷׷ŭ֮ĳ˳Ȼڷŭ֮Уŵ֪䣬޷񡭡
ʱЩȤ׷
ģȴҲҿȥġ
ߣ֮
ɫҰףĿǿֲ٣ָڲǰ
ŽѾûˡ
˾һϲʱЩ߶ʱ־ϲ֮һ˽ȥٶȼĳΡĸɽ˶뵽Ӧǰɽϡ
ǣʮӰ֮󣬶ʱȻ䣬ڰУЩַ˻˫۶ȻúڰҰ׺һƬƺ˲а˶һ
Щߣǽ𵤵Ԫڵߣƽʱ˵˲õĸ֣˿ȴǷ񣬷׷Цˮط˹ȥ
ţϵġ䣡䣡䣡ıը˷
Ѫɵĳһһĳ֡
û͸֣һȻĿʮֵʮֵˡ
ΪߣҲĲҳˡ
ԭΪûޣû˺ڰ˿նģûΣգһȺȥߵĲɱһֹס˲
ȥ
ȥܵõ
ѡֿܣǼ˿ɢɢɶûг壬ЩͷԷȴģٿˣ㬵ˡ
һЩ뿪ȴи˷ӿϵϣⱻΧˮйͨ
ɵʮˣߣȻȽϿյҲû˷ɵǵͷȥۿãվȴڱϥվǵĽ¹ۿ㣬˵һӵĺû
ɽˣǿ״̬ȴǲǿɢ˼죬ṳ֮̂УûӦһвյʵ˳˵
ߣǿΪȥϵޣܽӵ㾳磬ǿҲǽýǰĽʹ
Ű˻Ц
ɢȴûзͷ˵ԶԣķǿĽȷʵ
˻˵˵ͷҲ㿴ֻǱˣʵѾǿˣ֮ǰĲ²⣬ǶԼ̫ˣ
˵ţ˻ɫ΢΢ɫЩϱ̬ڻǸֳˣûǵķˣõգԵ޹
ҲһһЦȴҲЩʵĵ˺󣬽õλã˳
ħȻޣȴǲұֳʲôĿȵĿԶɽһۣĬĬ˳
ʱӰ⣬ֱǻ֮УһĽ⣬ݡһ壬ֱӽɽ嶬ӣնɱΣȻ˵ǰɽȥ
˿̣͵ıһص˻𣬶ʱȫɱʱ޵ںˣҲ漴ʧ
ڵϣŬĻָţʱһ̴ѪĽɫԪӤţˤ
أ
ԪӤͬһŽӲӵ˲ιǰ
һϲޣڱɱˣ


183 ˸ˣ1
ɢһ˳߷ӵһĳڲȥҲЩ䡣
ģȷʵе㲻İ
Ŀռ֮УԪӤڵ߸˶û£Լɢɾĸ֣ô
аٰ˼Ȼûȸȥ
ȻǰĴйĻ¶ģȻЦ˭֪Цݱ˸ַʲôȻʲôñ
˿̣üͷЩ΢ƺ˼ֵֵó֣ûаõ⡣
ɢ˶ЩģȻϱ̬ˣǷ˭õһߣǵõķЩô
г˼ţԵ٣ɢѾȫûаնȵùȥԳ˼ܾãɢбѾ˾
ħĵ߷裬ͬᴵһɫķɵɵʣȻҲֻǸƷѡ
˼ﵽ˶Ƚٴھ磬ϺõķҲûеġ
ɫ侲·ǿռ䣬ħû˵ʲô
ڽ߰˻ˣ²֮˸ƷɽĿƣ־ƺʮֵļ
λȥȥȥѾƿ֮УǵõӴ˿̵һ·ƽңɽ磬һʵվסŸȥλɢѶȽǳĴ󣬶Ұ˻ģҲǶһЩ¶ѡ
˻Ҳưոˣϱ̬ɽвɵЩƺˣһһ㣡
ҧҧɢһȥΪʲôȥҲǶĸˣⶫ֣ǸõģòҲȻò
豾־ᶨȥͲȥ֮Ծ˷ˣȻһ޳ɣ
Ϳϼһﲻ˳ˣȥȻҲ
ڷħ죬ж˵⡣
һɫĵ⣬ħҲɽͼȥ
ţɢ˵ˣҲ׷׵ĳȥ

ߺûеշȥ֮ǰɱʮߣЩ߳׵ĸסˡ
ԭЩȥߣʱҲû˼ˡ
ĿԺܵͣĿ֮ߣȥǲ
ΣֻǸˣ⴫˵֮Ĵֳˣ
ǰ֮ǰĴֻ·أӰģˣ
ȷʵɢˣɢˣֻ߽ٺͰ˽ɢˣ
˽ɢɣǲǴ˵֮ʮĽϼڵĽôǳˣֻΪûȹھŽɢɽٰɣҪǶȹˣλֱֻӾɾˣʵɽ磬˵ð
Ž٣ھؽ٣ûа˭ԣ˵λһֱѹƹأûĶԿһ١
ʱһΧȻۣ߻žη͹ȴûκβ˼˵䣬ǿѹ͵
Ͼһ˽ɢɣǿ۵ģ
㻷˼ƽ϶ѡ

ӲӵıƵԪӤȻϲ޸ɵԪӤҲǿɵģֻκԪӤǿ֮׾ãǵ˴ھ磬ûԪӤ
ĽƺˣȴǸһӡըһĶ
΢΢˼һָԪԪӤڲԪӤһҽУȻƺʶ
ԪӤҽУзʹ֮Ǳѩǵ޵ʹޣҲȫת޵޵ϣ׹ĳ˴ԪɱԪӤڡ
ԪӤӡţȻûзʵҲûнųȻԪӤһ׻ҷ
Ϊ״ҡڵĥһ޵ԪӤȻͨģֱԪӤڲĸо֮ŲעڵԪ
ⶫ׸ģͬһʱըһ㣬˭Ҹ͸ը˭
Ȼޣ޵ԪӤըǾлԣΪ˲׵Ҳʲô
ԽԽãԽǿԽãֻըǣ
ǲɸһ˿ƵЦݡ
Ȼ֪޸ĸֶˣܣ
ҸôĶһЩǿ߿϶ҲȥˣϾͬҪһ㣬ԵĲȥģǱɵˡ
һˣȥǲܵģıըǿɵǲġ
ԼȻǿ߶ƳˣȻŭڲκߵʱϢȻͻ͸¶ȥ
˲뵽ЩܣоڵԪȫˣʱҲͽȻ˵˲֮󣬽ȻĿռ䣬Ȼһֱӵĳԭء
ѾʧˣΧĿռ䣬ȴѹĸˣϵƲ㣬ѾѪһƬʼֳϵĿֲɫ
ǰӰ𽥵ķǰɽͷɱ˹ȥ
ĿЩ˵ϣ΢΢һȴѾЩоΪˣڵߣˣǸоΪڵȴǴԪ
񣬶ԪѾʮ̵֪ײžÿֲ
üͷ΢΢壬ʽǲ͹ˡ
£ûʲôս־ͳһһ
磬Ȼûи֣ûֵøֳֵĶˣ£׵Ĵ׶֪
ǵĶҲԽԽղס֣ǿߣԽԽ࣬ǼʮٸҲǼǧһ򵥵֮УŲ򣬶Ҹ֮УǼһ𣬼˵֮Уֻ˵ܶ࣡
һϿÿ򣬶ֻʮ֣ôһһֶʱֵĿ
׵ģֲɵһˣֻץʱ䣡
űȶԷľ飬ԣײ
бĺӦ֪λںηǺδ
ЩðȻ壬ͨ޵ʵֻܶЩ˱ͬ顣
ȻճɽǰȻһܴɫԲ
ɫԲһٽ׸оʵǿĸָԲ֮Уɫʮֵʮֵ𾪡
Ȼֵķ⻷ֻǻû뵽Ĺǿ𾪰ɡ
ڼ뱻֮Уԭϵĺˣ΢΢һͣǺǽߡ
˿̣һ˺һֻС޵սѾӽβһһֱӰæԷ֣һɱСޡ
ȻС޵ԪӤȴ˲伤֮âʧ
һĻпϧ˺ð졣
΢΢˿ϵɫ׼Ҫ£׳һ˹ȥ
£ڣڤ졢ڤءԳˡԼŵ̫ϳϿմʦһаˣбɢˡħͰ˻ˡ
ˣɱС޺Ѹٵĳ߻˹
ɱС޵Ͱ˻Ķˣ׵Ľʮֵľ塣
׵ѾȻ򵥵ҽһ
ͷҲֻ΢΢ͷΪˡ̬ȣ˷úӦã
ϿĲ٣˾٣˽˺ˣܿס٣
ȷʵˣ֪һӦ֮ߣ˵ֻôҹͬŬֿѡ
ȴǲûд׳ֵͷȻҲһȡ˵ķ
ǲ֣ҲʲôԹԣϾ٣һ˵飡
׶̬ȻС
£һȺˣüֵģʵǲãЩˣرĲҲЩ΢΢һЦΧãʹסټɣ


184 ˸ˣ2
ס٣
˶סˣĻ
жʱһƬţ
ȷʵƶ񤣬ݵģΪ֮˶࣬Ȼ࣬ȴûʲôõķ
һڵĸ֣ȴֻһƷߣ
һƷʹԪӤƴƴᣬһƷǲ˵жô
ƷܿһٵξŲ׺ȫף˵ְ
һƷһһ٣ֵܵһϵ׺ˣȽٵѶȣΪѵռѵ㣬룬ȽٵʱôһֵȽٻʲôѵģ
һԿһƷԵĻʹ綼
£٣÷
˾ǻԼˣǼһӣһž˹
оһ˿̰˲䣬ȴĬĬˡ
ķԷóȻʲôңԼһˣԷûзУ˴ͥڣ滹ôڹ±Լźͺ󱲣ȥɣ
ˣ壬ԭǲŵģǿųǻʵʱЩ˱֪ʹΪУԼ˶ϵĺá
ңǿ󷨱ϣýֺͷ뵽ԷʵǶôǿ󣬼Ȼˣ̰֮ģֱӵȥûźͺ󱲣
˶ɵӣ˲䶯̰Ҳпԭѵõ⼸˵Բ֮ɫȻʵʵ׵ķԸһš
׵ȻһЦĿȻĽԪƣѾʮӴ£رһĸӦƺΧһһ
ÿֲĽҺˣ˻а̾
ԪӤڵߣȴѾ̾ˣûа취ģȥȻǲܵġ
Щ˶ѾĹɣֻǰܺˣͺһ㣬壬㲻зڵأ
ֹͿĸо֮ɢˣĸо
ڲźڣһͺˣ⡮ģ費ֵð̾ȻˣȴҲʵʵڰ˻ߣ޳ĴȲţҲ˿ż¶Ĵɫ
һ̣ﻹ˼ȥ˼Щ飬ʲôˣһŭɱ˵ĻɫѹˣûɵĶ࿴ۡ
һӣһʱȴǱ˵޵ԪӤ
ԪӤһһȺ˾ɫҰһƬʶģرɢɢɣʱɫɷ׵Ĳ⣬ޣ޵ԪӤ
ޣǿԱżɵްңұûп۰ɣޣȻ֪ĸ࣬ʱҲɾ
һ˿׵Ŀ⣬˸Ź;⡣
ȴֻǹġ
ޣڿΪȷʵԵúƽʵϣԵķս׾;ⶫ򵥵ģѾɵˣóײǸЩһѡ
ȻһЦ׵ţ˼ôˣⶫֻǵըԱԸǿ޵ģҲҪš
ըԸޣ
衢˻ġͱɫһķ൱ھżɵԪӤըⲻҪɣ
ʱԭٻЩС˼ĳЩˣԾȫķᱦ⡣
ЩˣȫֻҪʵбɱҲû˸ġ
ǾͿ־Ŀ⣬ŵȻһЦȡɫԪӤֱӵĻӳ
һʱϵͱתţȻһھӣʱգȻȻ˹
ˡ
ݺݵһڵϣ涼޴ʹð׶һͷۻ
ױֵúܵ˺ƽĽƬ̵ʣһʮһˣȴǾǺȻˡ
ôһ£ѾԼסˣˣԷҪ˲֣Լһֻȫ˰ɣ
ĺ׵ľһ㣬Цݣһĺ˵ģǵȴĽʹʱҲɿ־ĬĬı㽫Լ
ļ֣ȷʵЩ˸סˡ
ңռ䷨һķɥһķ֣ô෨ЩҲһķ
ˣǲã
ÿоôţþŴ֮лָ˹
Щԭʮ԰֮ˣ׵ʱѾȫĺνĸйˣĿ𾴵ĲˣҲʲôòġ
Ȼ޷ᱦ輸лмƵģܲҲνˣԭΪǿԺͽһģʧ㣬ʹǱܴǰֱһ¡
ƺ֪⼸뷨һ㣬ҵ˸ʾõĻᡣ
λǰĪҪ֮ǰ˵ƽϱ֮£ֻҪԼƾűҵıȻԼУƽֻҪʹֶΣ˭˭ģ
ǰǲģҲ˵ˣ˷òҪȥᡣ
˺áҲԣǰȻǲмںᣬǰĶǶк֮ˣΪԼҲΪ밡
ʱɿЦУƽ˲١
ֻҪһˣʵǲУҲˣʱѰٻ˶ã٣
ⷨŽٶˣɢʲô
跨ѣʵѡ
˼ţˣȴĿᣬǻᰡ
ĿװȻӰĬĬ˿̣ĺ޲ȥһΰˡ
кǼ˻ĺˣͬҲˡ
˻Ϊߣ˿ȴǱֵԵ֣ףĿ⣬ȴǱü˵ĳ
Ľľ磬ǽļ°ģн
˻и̾ţȴͬοЦ֪Լ²ľ磡
˼ڤڤػпյҲֻһЦ⼸ˣҲûʲôϷˣȻųʹֶΣȻҪɲ١
һλԪӤڸ֣ҲֻܿЦ£ܻȥǵԸˣᱦ飬ȻҪģֵãʵֵ̫ˣ
׽һУУȴǼ˵ԺʵΣʵΣ
һȺ֣ĸԼƵȫסˣʵȷʵǹؼؼģȻҪͷԣ
׺ţľ٣Ŀǲ⡣
סǲܽⶫԼģ׶˺ţٶѣ˵ǼƷϡ
һ㣬Ȼ޷жѾˡ
ԣ׺š
ɫٽף㹻¡¡гˣأȫıɫ
׳ɫ𻨵绡ͬһʷ佻
򣬾һҪ״̬һ
ռͳϢһȺȺߺȻЩˣǲɴ
һЩ²λߣܲסεѹʱ𽥵˿
һεĺˣȴû漷ˣ棬һƬİ
Ĵϣͽｭˣһֱһ̣ûټԼɺѹûмȻЩ˶ٱһЩϣ
һеλϣȴǲôǣ˿̣˵ǣŽԼһ˵˳ʹü˿
ϣ˵ⷨôͽͬʱʱ˳
ĿŵĵȻʮֲֿӦûµģûλ˵ĸ˶˹ôȻʮָǿʵģ
ϴ˿˵ԼҲȫ׵˲ˣΪʵǿ֮ˣϵĻɸԱߺܶš
ǣЩ߱ģɳ˲٣ֻɳںȴǸǼĹۿǧѵһľ١
˿̣ȴڵȻ̧ͷĿ͸Ȼյνġ桯ˣĿ¶ֲм


185 ӡԾ
ͨͰ˻˵̸Ȼ֪˵ʵﵽ˾Ե۷״̬˽ɢɵľ磬ײŶºǲм
㲻彵ֻͨ䣬ֱӳ󷨣һ˺޼ɣʵǲ
ʵǿҲҪһ㾯谡
ѵ޵ˣʲôˣԼµһˣ
Ŵ˿˱˿УһŬĿŹȦ֣ЦһȺΪǵϼһ䵽زʵǻãԴɣԴɣ
ΪһȺ߿ţд󣬵ͷģֻԼѣ
кǲмȻҲòϣʵǿһĿһӣѾ˺ܲЧˡ
Ŀ˻ȻһȺԱ
輸ԭæҪÿλãȴ΢΢֣Щ˵Ķֹ
ֹĿ⣬׵ıܣȻǺѵĸܵǵͼҲȻԣǴ˴γȥ֮ǶŵĻһῼ˵£ѯʼǷǷʹá
ڣʵʵĴţ֮ٹСĵɽϽ֮ѶȻ󣬵ǲбٿֲĴˣԼΪ֮
׵ĵ˵ͼ΢΢ΣȴиǲаĲ׵ĻҲķһ㡣
λڵĸְ˻ĺ죬ȴҲһĵȻпɽǼˣ壬ȷʵԼǲõġ
壬֮еһ壬Ȼûиܵϵ֮ҲֻǱܵΪԷϢѣ
Ͼʱ֮ǾԵĴӴģңҲǻʵģֻ޴צӣ
ԵľϡеĿֲ塪צһ尡
˼ȴ֪ô࣬ʲôצһûô˵˵֮жûἰҲ֪еʵ뷨
Ͼ⼸Ȼҷףʵȷʵ̫࣬ȻֵɣҪװǲ¶˿ѶȻǺܴġ
һ̣Ȼͬĩսһ㣬֮ڣȴʮֵķġ
ףֻڱԱߣ̧ͷա
˵ãγɷ֮Ҳû赲˵ʵԣһ̧̼ͷ죬Ҳſ
մ˿ѾϺһƬɫľ٣֮µģǾŽ֮ٻ档
ɾ֮壬棬ҲǴģܳԪĶ죬Ӷɽܻ
ȻֻССһ֣̣ҪٵĽס
٣˼壬ǾžŰʮһ٣Ϊһ٣оŲʮһ׺ը
Ծ٣ʵҪܵģۻþðʮһεһٵĹ׵ǰʮһƽǧʮһףӿʼĵһףһһ㲻ͣһףѾ˶ٱ
׵ݼӵģѡԾԵĵݼӣٲԵü˵Ŀֲ
٣Ųʮ*ʮһ׶ѣ
٣ȴֻо*ʮһס
һ٣ֻаʮһף
ѶȶԱ֮£ɿٵĿֲȻȾٸӿֲģǼ٣٣˲ʲôţתǵŭԹˣ٣
ȻԽݣȹ֮ʵҲԽǿǱҲԽǿֲ
ԣܶˣĳ̶ֳϻϣԼ΢ǿġ
Щ֪ʶкףԣڿǰٵʱȻ˵ãȴֻ׵ļ٣ԣǡ
Ǽ٣ҲûʲôٱϾֻǶԸߵģǿҲܳԽżɵʵߵ̶ȣҲھż۷ѣ
ʵܶԿֲκεӰ졣
ڻˣȻ֪ⶫһĻ֮дʲô׻ϸע
ʵҲѾӦˣã󣬾һ֣ԼÿһˣӣȻʶһ㣬Ҳ޷͸ʲô
֪ǡסľ磬ױԼѾѵˣⶫ˽͵ģԼ壬Ͼˡ
뵽һ㣬׺Ȼ뵽ʱԼҲоĳǰ·׷ľ磬ʱԲвŵг·ô
ԲУɱԼˣ
׵һƺӦһ㡣
Լһˣһģʲôңûеңɱң
׷ţȻã·֪ᷢʲôˣ
оǺȻĲһУеĸоȴ˲顣
һ̣׺ţ֮·һѡѡѡһ
···
ɽɽɽ
ֻţţţ
ʲô׾ãҪ˷ֹ·
·γ֣
֪ѡôҲܵõѡһȻҲӦûпܵģʱһĳջǻ˺ԥȥѡԼҪġ
뵽һ㣬׶ȻԼݺݵһȻģƺһ㡣
һɫĹâȻ˸ţȻ󼫶˵Ĵ
ʱ˶ʱʧɫ֪ʲô⡣
ǺɫĹâȴǴſֲʹûδͱˣд󺧡
˶ʱֹ̤һ
Ŀֲĸо˿̤һضڹ˲Ĩɱ
ǵģĨɱ˲Ĩɱ
㾳磬ĸоȻʮֵ飬ˣʱֹˣϵĵǣʵġ
˿군ˣôⷨȻʧأ˺׼֮£Ȼȫĸ군٣ѾҪˣʱ׼Ѿˡ
ңһ£ⷨĻ䱳ˣĻֻܵҼⷨҪãֻ¸ûˡ
ͱʮֵĵģȹ٣֪ٵĿֲͿ¡
˻ĺˣȻ򶨼֣ɫҲ˼ǡ
ڤڤؼˣ֪ԼȥĿԲ󣬷ıȽϵЩ
εұģǰӦ򣬱Ͼţڹϳµģ˵ʵǶܹȻҪġ
յĻʱʹ˶΢΢ЩȻңеһмһϣһ˳˵⣬Ȼ˵ǵġ
Ͼϵֱ棬ңҲ
˿̣ȴȫĴһֶ֮С
û뵽һһĻþ֮У˼һһȻԼ꾳˷
ǵģڹʱ꾳磬Ȼ
ӽǰڣֱӵķǣڣ𵤺ڣȻԪǰڣſֹͣ
꾳κˣҪʱ䣬ףȴ˼Ӷѣ
ʹЩֲ
ֻеĽĵˬĸоҲȫС
ڽԺҲµĸ;
ǵģȫһ֮
ͨĸͨ²һĿܵѡԣȫһּ˵ӿ
ڽȫ˰ˣֻҪ˽֮ѾҲȥ·ˣ
ڹɢǬָ֮еĺ壬Ҳƽ΢΢һĵȻǺ巢һЩֻϣܰĽ°ɣ
ѹʱ򣬼ĿУ΢΢ͷʾԼû£Ȼע⵽Ѿʼںըˡ
ҲƺûƢ鱦һɳƵ㷴˻ȥȻڶףʱͬŲĳƨһ㣬ı˻ȥ
׿ĺ˼ȴ˼Žѡ֮·ѡ


186 ټ1
Ϊ󷨻ǻþ֮еˣ˻þһҪֵɱǰĻı֤
Ѿ͸þɱ˼ģֻʣѡ⡣
ʵ͸ˣȴҲûκεİ취ʹʲôֶΣϸ˵ʹֶΣѡֵĻҲܴʲô뻵
Ϊߵ֣ʹ׵һ£ǾǣѡһɫѡһֻҪǸҽҪľ
ԣϸ˵ǰԤ֪ͬ׿ʼôס
֪ǱȲ֪ĺã٣ڿʼױѾ˼ƽ֮ˡ
Ҫƽ֣ѶȻʮֵĴ
Ͼѡκεһûʲôĺôϸ˵Ӧһġ
ƫ壬Ȼˣؼģһֳһ·
УϺḶ́ȻҲģֻҪĻ͵ʱƣôֻɱԼһˣˡ
һ㣬Ҳǿ뵽Ȼѡֻѡ֮󣬻ֲҵɱˡ
Ͼ⽵µ壬Բô׵õġ
һֵļƽϣȻ㣬Ȼ΢΢ķ˼֡
һ̧ͷĿٴεϡ
˿̵ľ٣УȻޱȣȻƾˣҲڴ˶ѣԣ٣ȷʵֻһ㡣
䣡䣡䣡
һ̣٣ƺڷǿĶһ㣬ȫֳһַ״̬
ϣɫѪɫƲ㲻ϵŤγһľ޴Уһ̣ȻûͣͣٵתţȻ֮УγһֲĺɫĶߡ
ɫģֺڣͬʼ˲ĺһ
һ̣٣ˣ
ƺǿһ㣬Ӿ٣˴֮еļ٣
ֲļ٣ֻÿһǼٵһ𣬴Ӷ˼̬ĵز
ٽʹеĿɿڴˣ˿̶ɲ
ŭĿֲƣһǶ죬˼˵ľ֮ġ
֮䣬ԭľͣˣռ䣬Ҳ
ؼûз磬Ҳûпͨһ̣ռ䣬ȫһ㡣
أء
һ̣ۿߣѵˣǽˣȫס˺Ҳʼ
٣֮бɱ֮٣Ҳˡ
һ٣Իһһ֣Ƕȫĸˡ
⣬Ǽ٣Ҫ군
Σˣ֪Ͳǧܵˣ
ӣҲӲˣϣֹɡ
һЩͳ̾ϢȺ֮д٣Ҳڵʹ˿ʼɧ
ڣң뿪ҲѾˣѾӿ󣬶ұ򣬻ŷӵҲҲ
еĲģҲеĶЩģҲеģɴ̬ҲƽˣôҲԼһνˡ

ңȴǲ֪˿̣Ѿ٣ȴֻԡ
Ķõʵˣȷе֪ʶܻɱ壬λ
ߣ٣پм֮ʣҲǶԸߵٶѣ˵ǿʵҪǿ٣ǲŹˡ
ٵʵˣȻˡ
̬ƽȣ˾ɫ԰ףһģɳολؾţ˼٣Ҳκβⷨġѡ֮·ֻܸߴҵǣҾҪѡͬһ·
˾һͱȻ׵ǿֶΣԤ֪ѵȴȻ֪ԭ
һ𣬻Ѿڰֻ̤˹Źأ
ǰǲһǣĽأȷʵѾǺˣҲûʲô֮ˣףܻŻȥǶѾˡ
ɢЩε˵
˿̶˾ĳͣǰȷʵһȷʵòͽģ̫ѣȻ󣬵ҲҪȥܰʵһֲܿĵطǰܴǳȥԭ䵱ǰޣֻҪǰ
ǰǰܻųȥɶҪˣҪҲԹøǰ
ʱڤڤأ˵ˡ
زˣﻹʲôޱ֮ˣһ˿ֲľŽ𣬽ޱߵĺڰ͹а֮ջ󣬽žǿֲޣȻǾ٣žٱΪ˼٣
ûŲֵľ룬˶Ľһһص߼ֻǻӵĿֲ
ңнǿĴڣԼˣҲԼģֻᱻǿ˸ȥԣЩѾƽˣ㣬ùϵҲһ£õ˵
ͷټϼٵѹȺͿ־֮£ڤ졢ڤءԳˡԼŵ̫ϳϿմʦһˣбɢˡħͰ˻ˣһͷ˵ϣ׹
˿̣ﻹʲôܻȥġ
ȻʼǱģˣһľĸо֮ѾûԸȥˣǶֻܻųȥͺá
ЧңЧΰ壬Чʵǿĸ֣磬Ͼǿʳ磬ǿϺ͵λġ
׵˵ͷӱϣӦõЩ˵ҳϡ
νҳϣȴܵղͱѵĳ̫Ͷѣһ˵ʲô⡣
ߣΣ϶ģ˭Ҫ˵컯ˡ
ĿƽЩԼǿ˲֪ǧٱǿߵĳϷױֵĺǵ
΢΢һЦ׵ǲǸңڶأ
ڶأһͻƵİ취ԼһӪԲУǵģԲУɱԼĶѣԲǸң˼ǸңΪͻһأҲֻܱƳˡ
һĻȻ˻ǻ˻ģֻǣԲеķĪ߽ˣ
񣬼ٽ£Ҳڱ֮Уʵǿ٣ֻҲǻˣʱѡĻǸŽᣬһɱˣٱܶˡ
ھʲôһ㣬Ҳʮֵ˽⣬һ޼
סǵѡоǾıľƽ͡
׵˵Щˣȴ΢˼ֻ֣漸ˣȴüͷε
ǣҲûа취ͬ˵ȻѾƲ⵽˽ĿܣȷʵС˵İ취ֻǲ֪Լһˣ˭
ԭȽϺгһȺˣҲΪĽᣬЩ໥ɵ
ڣ˼ãЩҲȻ˾
٣γһɫżֲͬļ˴׳Ľһ𣬺ݺݵĺը
⼸һɫףʱʶȫĸ
ͬʱգʱҲȫ
ǡ
Ȼ䣬ؼ䣬ƺ͸Ŀռһ㣬Ҫһݺݵĺ
һʱڣɫҲΪ֮һ䡣
ʱƺҲȫıŭˣȻ伫ٵͣһ˲㽫ԶĽҲ˳ȥ
ٵͣʱ֮Уڽٻ֮Уõһ㣡
˻ţٳȥ
׵ģһȫˡ
Ϊ׵ĸоȫˣ
˲䣬ȫ׵ǳԽĿֲڣΪǷѵʱ׸оĵ׷ϱܵĲо͵޳ֵʱ򣬸׵ĸоһ޶
ȻǼ˲õĶ
ɫ԰ףţܵһķǣʱһѪ
𡫡
𡫡
˻ؼ䣬˵ģҲһɲǣȫĲ


187 ټ2
ż٣ǻĩգ٣ϵߣ㡣
ԭһЩǱ޵ԪӤߣҲ׷׵ĳ˳ģ֪Ӳ
һȺӵȺ֮Уܻżָ˲ƵߣһʱᱻĦȺ𾪵
٣ҪģƣֻԵƣֲп׺ݵƣ
ƣܶ߶޷ܵģΪЩԴ֮дδֹĿֲļ٣˾¡
Ȼٳֵĵط֮ɽ£ƣȴѾ͸ɽ£ǵϿˡ
٣ϾǼ٣һ֣۴ںηǿƣܻӵģ
һЩǱ޵ߺ󣬱Ҳʹøĸֳˣֻǳ壬΢һټЩǰɢ˵˶ڹˣЩ߾һĳ鴤㶵˵
ٽ˭˸ܽȥ
ȻٴĻǺֲܿѣͬɢ˵һ㣬˵ʱЩ߾Ǵ֮ľݣûκԥĽϣͶע׵ϡ

ѹͣɫĻ֮Уԡһ㣬
ӴȻͬϢʹؼμ穡
ʲôţʲôصգһȫ˿
Ƿ嵲ס˼ٵĺңٵ֮С
УƵȻ
䣡
Ȼ仯һ޴ֱӵĽɫĽٻȫ
޴βͣͬһٵصľ޸ݺݵٺݺݵķȥ
һٴεס˺ͬʱ˫۸ǵɵôģĶſеһУ
٣
ָҪͳԺ֮УһеΪһеֶΣȴǳһĸ֡
ȻԷʵѾԶԶĳԽľˡ
Ǽˣ˼٣Ǿżɣµļ٣˾ǲȥ٣
ʵĿɿڴ
ǿǿߣȴǴûм˵ǿߣ
ƽ֮Уڵĸ֣ѾԺߣÿߣ߶٣ԪԪӤڣгڡڡڵһЩ֪Ӳĸ֡
񣬿ǰģʵһ㶼ѾкڵȾˣǴ˿̣ȴûһ塣
ⱦö룬ǿǰˣû˻ᡣ
ɫľɫĻ֮УȻ󣬾޴βͣſٵصƣ˾㵺𺳵Ŀ֮УݺǺޱȿֲڵĵĺڶ
βͣ׵Ĵ͸о棬ֱ˺ɫĺġ
ռʱɲǼͣˡ
һ̣βͣ;޴Уһ˲ͣˡ
Ȼû죬ûиܵʲô𵴣ÿ˵ģȴǺݺݵһھҲɷ
ر½ģʱɫһףһѪ̲ס˳
ۡ
ۡ

ӶѪ֮һƬʲô磬ˡ
ʵǿģȻҪܼ֣ʵ±ȽϽģ˲ѣ
ɵϣѾӦһξ룬ǼȱˣｭȵӣǱ˵ˣϣҲ˲ˡ
ЩҪûκʲôԹΪǵĿ⣬յһĻסˡ
ƺȫˣβɨ˺ڶƺȫĶ
ߵĿ־֮ȫʱʱ򣬿ռڲ
߾ǴʧɫǣѾˡ
ǵ򣬾Ƿһ㣬¡¡Ĳһ޷ڿվȣģҲĲ
βͣҲһ̳ɫĺڶ
ڶͬı˿
䡪
ƵһըӿֲĺڶգȻԭӿ͵ĵڶ͵ļ٣ʱʧȥ˶ݺݵ˻ȥ
ٱըǳƵıըĵֿ£ֻ˺ܾãûи군
ըѶ˺ѵĺڶ˺ܾãյһ֮Żһ
ʱŻƽ
һ̣еߣƺһĽһ㣬֮ǰˣ֮ǰ˸ˡ
ǣߣǴڵĸ֣ԪӤڵߣۿħߣǸĻ
ϣƺѾΥ˵õ˵ϣЦݡ
ˣˡ
ˣǰ
һ̣ߣ׷׷ĵĸ
ÿˣڷ֪ޣȻ֪Ƿס
ǣ֮ͨǰսͱ˶ûл׵ʵˡ
ȻǿʳҲ֪жµģԣ˿˵ǵߵĹǰ壬ÿ˶Ͷȥĵľη
һ̹ĵḶֻ́ˣǸвĴڲԵøӵҪ塣
ߣȷ˸ܸһУ֮ڸߺֵͬʱҲΪλ
ߣȻǺ֮ȴҲ֮ˣңڹͬǰ˺ܶܶͬʱЩԾˣǲΪѵģЩͺĺҲһǡ
ˣȻҲˣһȺǾǼ໥ŶԷָ֣˶Էƣû⡣
ǵģôܲ٣Ե٣Լ忸ȥʵƿ˼٣
⣬һǧŵĴ棡
Ƽ٣һأ飬Ѿ֪˼͸жˣ
Щȴǲ֪ʵϣҲûܻ֮ǿ󣬵ΪΪ˵׵ĸǳˡ
˾壬ӵ˵ˣʵӦ֮ϵģȴƿ٣
׳Ĭˡ
ʵȻҪʵҪˣԼʵٱҪ
ǣǧ꣬
ŽȻתУȻԶŵԪڸֵĽ𵤣׵ģһʱʮֵĵͳ
֮Уٴεǰ
֮ǰĹǾΪȣǿǰͷȻǳ裬ȴǾЩ
һε¹ȴķģһƼٵĺ飬Ǵһе̬ȣ֮˹Ѿǵҫˡ
Ժܸߣǽۼᵽһٵĺ飡
ױֵȻǵĬĬĽЩ˵ЧңҲûʲôԡ
ԶǣôһϵǣʹԼˡ
׺ȫ֣ж
˻Ầ£Ĵ;֮ײ֪黹ԶԶıĸӵĶࡣ
ѾС˶ѾɫĲ豭һĴС׵ߡ
ռ䣬Ҳ͸Υ⣬ƺѾĸҡ
棬ԼȸԾѵĻ֮ףȴɫ侲̬ƽ͡
ͻĶ֮һ⣬ȴǶ˼Ķ磬ȻƺҲ˼֣飬ȴƺҲ˼֡
ײûһ룬Ŀ΢΢ۣǰɽͶȥʱԭ԰Ľˣ˿ȫòɽ£δ
һμ٣٣ǽֻǳһನĹѾ˲һϢ
׶ڴ˵ЩʧĿ뿪ˣĬĬ̾һȻǰɽ̤ͣ˳صĲ


188 ѡ֮⡤Ѫ
ƿ˰ڵѣɢ˶׵ģǿ
ԣ׶ˣһȺ˷׷׵ĴӹڵصվȻ׷׵ĸ׵
ʱһʮһˣϵҲʮֵǢ֪·ȻѣһҪԼȥԣҲһ
ǰģǰվĸߵеģֱɢɢˣһɢħħȻǴǰڽ߰˻ˡ
ıԳ桢ڤڤءճϡ˺ˡ
Ŷһ㣬ÿ˶СĸһǰѾȫ¶Ĵɽȥ
ߣӾҲһǰţյ͸ȣʹ˵Ŀ⣬ƺҲܽԶľ𽥵
ͺ񣬴˿һּ侧ʯڼ¼һ㣬֮йۿⳡѰḶ́Ȼ󣬱̸ֽתǰ
ź𽥵ıСÿоǺڴĿһ֧飬ͬģڴŵν޵еĽˣǴĵ֮зһмĺ
ңǿߵ𾴣Ͷڽ˵ĲмҲȫγĶԱȡ
϶ԣԵ˲֪ĵطôɽϳ壬ǲ֪ôģ
ԭ߸ϵ̩ɽһĴڣ˿ƻЩҲǺˬġ
ϾλȨʵ˵ˤԽңЩȻԽʹ죬ˣҲʲôöǺܺá
һѵõƷƷȴ඼ģ˿ϵٵˣЩȻòеʹ죬ȴǰδеġ
һƲˣԼЩѣ׷侮ʯҲ
ȻЩ飬ЩȻɵıֳֻѣϾձûʵ˿⣬ֻܿ뷨йˡ
Ȼûбֳֻģÿ˶ǿöģһЦȻղĽ𾴺ͳݵĿ⿴ס
ͬڣһȺŮߣȻΪЩĽĶ
֮󣬶һУϵˣȻʮֵĸ˵ġ
ｭˣҲʮֵļ֮ǰҲЩʹˣϾעԪ˻ҲǺܷġ
£ȽʵĵǾһ𣬾˵ģ͸˵ƻһ㣬㽿߶ģʹһЩԭעǵߣȻ壬һɰɣ޶ˡʮŮӣʵĶѡ

׶ǰɽͣһһӡ˳ȥ
ȷʵһһӡڱѩһ㣬²ŵģƺǺĻѩ
ÿһȥ涼ҪһӡȣȻ󷢳֨졣
ףÿһ˶ÿŲһ߶һ·λһ㡣
ɽû֮еǰѡ
ˣɽḶ́ɡ
ѹ׵ʵҲƤԱ߲ԶҲɽȥ
һΣ˵ѧĹˣûǰ档
ϾʵȻǿ˽ɢɣȻʵϸ˵Ѿﵽ˰˼ңȴҲûаպ׳ͻ
Ȼ԰״̬ϵĴʧܣʹʶ˶ԷĿֲʵҲ֪ԼкĿ˵ĿЦ
˺ˣ˲ȡ˽ѵĿƺЩмĿǱŭȴֶĬĬû˵
ߵţӷ棬һɫǺڰɫɫһʲôԵɫΪЩûж⡣
ˣȴҲͬˣȻòˣ磬Ҳȷʵпʱġ
ͬһɫۣΪƷսױٸٵ˾ǽƵսȻٴδһ׻ҺɫսףսףȴƷ
ĶȻܿ죬Ȼ˺ȥŪ׵ģȻĶһ¡
ˣǰײģңӣвٵĺö
Ʒսײзսף׵ս׵ǿ
Ȼ࣬ϼǾԵĿֲıˡ
ıһĳ̶ȣܹ磡
һų̶ȲͬʱҲʹ꾳ľҲֺͨ׵˵ǿԽǿԽ˵˼ʵ
ҪģҪ㹻ĲϣֻҪ㹻Ϻòϣţʵʹ洢ɵԸԼһĽ
ڽƿأѾʮֵˣңţ磬û˱Ϥˡ
һķֻƷĻģԶ׵ĹʱƷɽܳƷƷʵķɽ
˲Ͽ񻯺͸꾳ķ֪൱ڸԼƽһͨĵ·
״̬֮£Լѡͻƣʲôȶ
Ǻͨһ޶ͻȻ塣
ǽȴȫķĿܣӽԪͻƽİѾǴӸλλԾˣûۻʵķԾģԣͻƣѡ
ţѾɱ˵ġ
ڶԷʵǿǿһ㣬Ѿˡ
ûǣʲôҲֻѹϵ¾һˣ±˱
ߣԼһ˶Լᣬˣģô˺ù
һɽɽͨɽûʲôֻЩ
ǵģȴǲԵõͳ
ĿֱӵĿǰߵĺ⡣
ɽͣͨɽͱûκεĲͬȴ֪ɽͱһµ㡣
Ȼײ֪ɽʹʲôֵ֪ѡױ֪ѡ֮ʱΣѳ֡
˼ķ磬ѾʼˣǺһСȻû⡣
Ȼ̬ȶǽСĵģҶҲֵĺܺá
һȺ˼Ȼĸף⣬һҲֵúǼᶨ
ȴǲԵóأХȴҲʹ⡣
ûκεѣһж˳
˶̤ɽһ̣ɽȻ½
һʱ䣬ƺʱٵһ㣬׺ɣ仯ǧ
һ̣ÿ˶ܵһֲϵĸоһĺȻЩ뵡ĸоһȴͽ˱̾ĸо
֪ʱտɽƽһ֡
ֲܣһÿõĹⰻȻķȻͦš
֮УѪķҶһƬƬƮƮŵĲɺѪ
׵ֿʼЩ֪ѡ񣬵ǵɭ֣ƽԭֲ׺ɣһоʱ׸оԼǴʱ֮һ㣬֮еĸоȻʮ
΢΢һ֪̾Լ˽УӣȻЩӵҲòΪȻֵһЩ󷨽ֶζ̾
ǰֻһ·Ҳֻǰߵ·
ĹУ޷˵ģÿﶼ֪
ҲˣÿˣĬĬĸ
ǰСġ
ˣġ

ϵһЩѵĻ׵УЩ˲ûпʹȴǲԸѪֵĳš
Ҳ޿ԷЩˣıѾ׵ҵĹϵ
΢΢ͷ׳ǷģʱʲôΣգΣգҲҪˡ
˵ţ׶ʱӿٶȣ˿ûЩѪɫҶ
ƮƮķҶ£ХǰããĶëѩסеȥ·
ûг·Ҳûгѡ׵ģѾʼٵˣģҲȻٴεļ
ŶëĴѩ΢΢ʱ׵ˡ
νѡѾɼѡˡ
νѡʵɽʱ򣬱ѾԶĴˡ
ѡ񣬾ѡͲѡ
Ѫɫķ֣Ұ׵ѩأģǰ֮·
壬΢΢һ̾ͺ֮·ǲĵطһССļϵܣȫû֮
΢΢һعͷһۣߣѾ˽ˡ


189 ֮֡
ǰôˣ
һֱ׵ɢ˵˸о׵ɫƺЩ仯ʱеʵ
гȻܵĿ˵˳Σֻɽϵ̬еѡҪߵ·ˣ˿Ѿ֪ȥҲѾһ·ϡ
ɢ󣬴˿ԣҲǶȻһ˿ѪɫѪ֣вҲм
ǰǣǸ
赱ѡȨס
˿̣ıҲüҲЩԾǲ֪ô£ȴǺȻ뵽ǽѾһ·ˣֲܾ˵ʲôƵء
˵꣬ħȴҲҲһۡ
ѪɫѪ֣һķ죬ʱһƬѪɫķҶ£ƮƮģǷѪ
˻ˣȴһֱû˵ʲôڰ˻ԳˣҲԾıˡ
ǰǲҪɱ
ͷ΢΢Щĺܲڴ˿̺֮еκһ˶֣Ȼʤ󣬵ޱħǽ߰˻ģô׶Ըġ
ң߰˻ģֲĽߣ
ЩԪӤڵߣ׵ĹϵΣȴû֪Ϊʱ򣬱ѾһЧҡ
ԣôֶ֣Ը˭Ǻͷʹһ£
ңŶԸ˭ʱ򣬻Ҫ˭Ȼ֡
ԣͷʹǣҲţ˺һͷʹ
ʱҪ㣬ʱĵ˷ǵóֵĵزĻһһаǱ
ǣұסǵǵЧҲĻҲʱĨɱ
׵Щͳѹɢ˺ͱһ϶ʱ¶˾ϲ֮ɫһﻹ֪ٴεĹ
һΣҲû˿ĵѪġ
Ѫģ׻Ǻģ߲ͬһķˣԣǻӦģһ˵ʲôȴǺȥŵʲôΪһûɣ֮еѣǻֵġ
Σɢ˴ͷ˵ıģüٽͷϣԣȻǺݶֲġ
΢΢ͷЩϣųȻǶѾ˾Ǻܺãʲô״̬ʱ֪Ǳһֱǰߣǰıٿʲô
Σճ֣ԻὫ뷨Ŀռ֮УǶѣʱʱܹؼʱǧ򲻿ɷ
˷ģ֣Ȼκεķ
˾ĵı֤š
׵˵ͷٴεתȻǰȥ
֨֨
ٴεĲʵѩϣͬʹ׵ģ΢΢һ
֮ǰǵϣɲ˿̣Ȼɣ
΢΢ĳֳǰ̤һ־롣
˸СС£Ȼ£󷽣һ޼ʵѩأҷҲһƽ̹ҷϲǱѩǵĳԭѾɻģٴεһ
̧ۿǰ΢΢һǰһɽ
ֻǣɽ˿Ҳѩš
ңɽϣҲƮŶëĴѩ
׵վ£ȻϤĵطвɿЦ
ţֻصԭĵطĲͬƺûκεĲ
Ȼڵûޣû٣ҲûаĶڡ
ˣ⣬⣬ô
ȻǱǰ˻ĵˣѾĲͬȻҲĵط
ڼ˵ɻټϺĺܽɢ˲ɳʵ
׵ȻߵĻǲͬʱͬһط棬ȷʵ
ͬʱͬһط
˾һ㶣Ȼ漴׵˼˵֮ǰڴĩʱô˿̣ںʱˡ
Ҳ˵ڳĵʱһȦ֮ﶬʱڵ
ȻЩ͹ֵû˱ʾʲô飬׵Ļѡš
ϾӿٵֶҲʵ̫ˡ
ɽ΢΢ٴεĴһȺɽȥ
˿̣ˣȴֻȵ͸˸Ȼߵ£ݺݵŭһȴ̧ͷ֮󣬶ʱɵˡ
ģ߻ˣ
ݺݵŭ
û߻֮ǰɽ״̬Ǵĩʱ򣬴˿ȴĩʱ򣬻Ȿ㲻֮ǰĵط
ϴӥһıӲ˼£ɫ˲Ҳ˵
϶ȴһֱڵ̿һһԡ
˿˿ǰȴСģһٴεĳɽȥ

ϣ˾ǲĿĳ
ԭһֳ˿ȴǴм˿γ֣󲿷ֺҲ֡
֣һֳѩɫѩѩɽһ֣ȴȵЩڶͳĻɽһĹͺͺɽ
ĵεȣȫһģһ
ʵӿ·ɽ֮󣬱Եķֵ𣬳ڲͬͬĻ֮еʱ߾ѾЩˡ
˿֮̿ǰɽе߾Ǹ̾
ǲ˰ɣѾ˻ˡ
ʲô󷨣϶ˣȻ»Щô
Ӧòػ֮󷨰ɣǿͬġ

ʱٵ߷׷ٵԪӤڶȽڵȸ֣˿ȴû̻ȥɷнµķԼǰĻԼĳϣԼôȥѡôȥԣ
˼ǾǽĶճֳһС
ֻ³ֳĻЩȿߣȻֿұߣȻ󲻶ϵıȽſ
߰ףұߺڡ
ͽ˿̾ǿڴϵߣ˵ֽǣһ˫ĿɵôģĶǳϵһˡ
ϵˣȴ˼
״ɢ˵һʮһˣٴεĳɽ
ХɽǰһƬգ¡
˿̣ɽȴûݡ
ɢ˶ʱҲվ
ɻĿܣĿ˸룬׸ӦһǬָĺ壬ǷݸӦȴɽǰա
룬ԽĿؽĵз罣Ųз罣˳ȥ
ʱз罣ûգǷ뽣ĶظӦҲʱʧ׵С
ǰһ޵磬һۿȥʹĿ⿴ңԶǰҲȻֻһƬա
΢΢жһ㣬˼
ð죬ųεѡ񣬻ڼǸңȥӦֳˡ
˾ǵͷӦʡ
ȻµĻƺûгʲôµĶ£ЩȴǸӵЩ־ˡ
ϾֲĶ̫ѣûԸģԣԸֻܺúõĸˡ
ڲз罣㶪ˣײ⣬һ㲻ϵѣҲʹ
վ꽣ϣû˿ԥշ
ͬһʱ̣˿ɽǰգ΢΢ȻСĵ̽һϷ˳ȥ
ʱ򣬽Ȼ֪⻷ʲôõ󷨣ҲѾǽˡ

ռƺ˸ıһһķ紵ͷһʡ
ʱȴڻȻ俪
Ȼһȷʵ֮С
˿̣վһɫƽ̨֮ϣԶͬһƽ̨ǰɫƽ̨ƽ̨ϣɫӰ
΢΢׶ʱףԷǽˡ
ƽ̨֮գһһ㣬һĶţĺڰɫ˸š
УҲһĿѪӣһ£͵վ롣
ӣһۿȥʱһ
֪ʲôˣµ̬ĮȻӣ֮еһö壡


190 ֮һ
Ȼʲô˵еıְӣ
ţ˵û뵽ȻֵˣνĽġ
ˣˣǻὫĸ˻Ȼĸ֡
׵΢΢ļ˿̣ЩĪĵ˱ȥΪЩ
ȶԼģȻּı˵
ԼߵһˣٿԷһˣֿ˿ͬһĴڣ׳Ĭˡ
ԣӦǶ֣
ǵģԼĶ֣
޷֪ʲôͨĵط˵޼
֪Ƕ֣Ҳ̹ȻˣǰЩڶԸ֮У˾ҲӲֵơ
ңԷҲ֪֣ȴѾ˾֣ǽĳУֻ»ĺܲҡ
ӮֻҪڹ֮Уɱ壬ȻᱻԼ
ҲѾ֪ˣµĹؼ⣬εȥ֡
Լߵˣֿ˿յİ֮ˣ˼
˿̣Ǻ壬Ȼһˡ
׿ǰˣֿ˿ͱ΢΢жʱ˼ƽϣ衢˴˿ȥԸǰˣ
ͱȻ֪׵⣬ȴ˿û˱ܵĵǣˡ
˵꣬˾óԼȻ˲˲һڰࡣ
һ̡һöߣ˶ʱͬʱȫǰˡ
΢΢һΣʱ͸
˿̣ȴ͵һһѪ˳ʱ˾Ǵ󾪣һ֮˶ʱͬʱ˲Ƴͱߣ׼Żһٽɱ
˿̣һѲúõȻ֣ͱ֮С
һ֮£ʱɿա
ɫ䵭˲漴˻ģɱ֮
漴һǳ࣬ȫɱ϶
ڤڤˣȫΧɱǰˣ
ǣˣ
ʮһ˵ͬʱ׵С
ɲǼ䣬Ը׵
ˣʱͬʱֳɿգԭˣƺȻʧˡ
ս֮кȻ˲룿ôܣ
䣬һ䣡
΢΢㵣ʱѾ˼
ʱ䶸ԭʧˣȻڽ϶ߣʱȫһ
ݡ
ڰ͹֮Уֲƿʱ֣϶ɫһʱۼȫ׼סʱȴǲ϶ԷǾһھѪڷϣȻȻٴμ٣һһߣʱݺݵɱ϶ĵ
˿̣϶δָʵѾĲǰҪֵɢɺһɢ޵ȫѶȷǳ
սսȻƷȴΪʱֻǵѪȡǿȲʮȫġ
ۡ
ݺݵ£ֱӵĴ͸սױ㲿λһٽ϶˲Ĩɱ
ͬʱħͽ߰˻ģҲͬʱˡ
ħóıٶȣٶȣǿֲģԳּ䣬Ҳǿݺͺ
߰˻ģһɽ֮׾ٵĶ˽š
ۡ
ݺݵ£ʱҲȻ
Ҳ飬߰˻ĵĽ˲˳ǼҪԪӤȴͬһ˲ٶȿֲķħһס
ԪӤҽȴû
ħһЦʱһѾԪӤʱ㱻
ͬģһ϶ԪӤҲٶȿֲı޸
ͬʱ׺Ҳͬʱˡ
׶Ըģǽϴ󣬶Ըˣֱӵʹ
ɫľԸ˵ĽϴǼֱѴ֮
һ˻𷢳˲ڽϴǰ׶ʱ˽϶ҲһĵĴֹȻʵǿᣬٶȿݣ
ϴȻҲӦʱѣ޲ʳƤһ̣ɫľֱӵĺХĴ͸Ķͷ
Ȼ䵹յʱ򣬽ɫԪӤմɳ׼ʱһȥ
ˣױҲ֪ʱԪӤѾ
΢΢һЦٿڤڤصˣײҲЩο
Ѿֲ֪ٴΣÿһΣ˾ûзһΣ͸һ֡
΢΢֣߽ˣȻгѰܣ־ܣ
һгһź壬˿̶ʱɢĵĺڹ⣬ڹһ׵Ķ׼˰ˡ
ţȴɢ˰ɫĴ۵Ĺâ
ʱ򣬰ɫĹâʢһŰɫӣʱ˸鶯Ĺâ׵С
̧һۣӣȻҲ֣ǡ
΢΢һЦһöӶʱǬָ֮С
һ̣ԭգȴǾȻգʱǹ⣬ǹһǻɽͳˡ
ɫĻ棬ɫҽԾת䣬ʵЩ˼顣
ٶȣֿ޷
ԭһ˾յģ˿̣ȴڵ׸ҵĿռ䡣
Ѫɫ˹żȵ¶ȡ
ռ䣬һѹ֣ıǿֲȵˡ
ɫĿռ䣬һֱ쵽ϵգϣÿһεľ룬ͬһСһҺشڡ
ҺأҺҲѪɫģңճҺϣԵڷݲϵĹĶڣȻҺըѿɫҺĽ
ЩӿݵͬŢһ㣬׵ģҲһ
һöҵˣһõˣ˳ߵһȺ¶ûѯʡ
ڶöӣǡŋ֡ǡꡯ
޷񣬵ȴ֪Ļʵ˿ǡ
վգû
ĻȻͷЩɵģ⻷̶ܴǱĻþ˵ʱǼ٣ǵ㵱ٵʱһΪġ
û˻յ˾Ҳûƶûô
ˣԪӤ
õģƽּɣԪӤǲϡǵġ
״󷽵˵
лˣ
˾ϲüң˽ɢɵԪӤǸʵ̻ĺö
׵ĵ˵ͷųµĻҲ޷ʲôΣգǰļ򵥾ƣһֻѶȺܴԼģǾ仰治ģǽ뷨ռʱ򣬲Ҫֿ˷һʱ䣬ģǵ
ˣģǲԼЦġ
һʮһ˾ǹ˵
ʮֵϣŰ
ĵģЩڷʱԼ޷뷨ռ䣬ĻֻҪһͻ֪Լûǵʵǿչǻᱩ¶һЩġ
ȻײЩ˷ѣһͬʱô鷳ˡ
ζ壬֮ӣԶԼ񣬶ңͷβһֱоƺкܶĿ⿴Լһ㡣
ֻΪֵܿӡײûĸо
´ܿһеĻԼһ˵ĻȻҲߵС
ײûǰ㱻ӵĸо
ֻҪõ֣ʲô˲ɣ
ʵǶзռػײģΨһĵģѶȻԽԽ
׿һѪɫɽŻ֮гҵݣȴǲ֪ζ
һĻ֮УĶҲһģνǰҲһǰأ󷽺󷽵ȵȣĵˣҲпĵˣҲпԼܵѻǾԼ
ԣ֮УҪԵĽ;ԵСġ


191 ڶŋֻ
ײȻҲ
˵ΣգеģǶ׵𾴡
ر֮ǰͱидȻһռ䣬Ȼֱָӵͷ˳ǿ˽ɢɵĹգ
һĻ𺳵ġ
˽ɢɣϾǰ˽ɢɣˣʵҲʮֵ˵õġ
˳䲻£Щɱǰͱǲġ
Ϊؼǣ˵ԪӤ˽ɢɵԪӤȻ͸Լһˣ޵
Уǰ˽ɢɵǬָзɵȣҲֻδᡣ
³Щѹȣṳ̂һֵ̣õ˰˽ɢɵԪӤʱ㹪ĽöǬָ˵ĽƷȻҲǬָ֮С
輸Ǭָ˳׶ʱҲ⡣
һ죬ֱӵĽӹ֮ʶһɨȻɨĶ
ͬϴǬָ˿̣ǬָһöǬָ
˵Ǭָ˲õƷĿռ䣬һٸ״Сϰ͵Ǭָûз⡣
ռ乻ñɣʱʵˣЩռָȫĴԼǬָ֮Уٴ´ԼǬָҲһ
ʶɨ֮Цˡ
ˣǽ棬ͷĶȻͬĲ࣬ȴ֮ġ
ɢɵԪӤһƷԪʯʮţƷԪʯʮţԪţܽٵţƷսսѥס
׺⣬һֱӽЩȡԼǬָ֮С
һ̣׵Ǭָ֮УԪӤһ˽ɢԪӤһɢԪӤһԪֽ𵤡ʮƷԪʯʮƷԪʯܽٵţԪţԪһšƷսսѥףǬָö
ʮ׵Ŀռ䣬װЩǴ´࣬ŵҩ̴Сƿ֮УԵͻأ
ˣһĶУ㵹ڴ˿̱ס
֪ˣұǰ˿ȴģ΢΢һЦ˽ɢԪӤɢɵԪӤ˳͸˷ħͰ˻ˡ
΢΢һ㶣ʱ˹Գɫ
һԽԽѣõİ취ǼƷԪʯǱԼߵߵԪӤһʵǿģȻܱܣʵСģԪӤЧҲ󣬶һ㱳ԪӤ飬ȻҲзǲֵá
£ͳǿԪӤۻԪ
˻ĺôܲ
һֳۣ֮ģּŨҡ
Űɣţѽ𵶣ҲȥҪҲûá
ڰ˻ˣǽߣʺʹֻõɢɵԪӤұһöǬָ
ˣÿƷԪʯȡ飬ҿ飿
׵ȻԸţ㻷ҪصĳҪ
ЩϾ輸ģ׵Ҳʹ
Щ˶Ƚģʱ򣬲ȶЩ˵ģǻصġ
ڤڤصҲԪӤ磬Ҳûгʲô˿ȻЩĽˣҲ֪ʵڶԷе治һ㣬ﻹʲô飿
ƷԪʯ൱ƷĵȴΣ˷ܶ
Ҳʲôһʮһ˷׷ٴߵݹл
΢΢ЦԽЩַһʮһˡ
㣬ǳ׵Ľʮһ˸ĴΪļᶨġ
ʵϣ֮ǰѪĵʱЩ˶Ѿ㹻ˣ£ɱ֮ûв̽Ķһ㣬׾ͺ͡
ԣʹ֮ȫָӵöЩ˺Ҳ˲١
뵽̵ӡķױʹã뵽˿꾳Ƚϵͣʱͷ
˿̣Ǭָ棬һأԶԣȴο
ԪӤһԪֽ𵤡ʮƷԪʯһʮƷԪʯܽٵţԪţԪһšƷսսѥףǬָö
ӦһڵıرԪԪӤɹʵĵҩǼ˲õĵҩˣԪӤĳɹΪ֮һԪɹʣʮɣﵽֲǧ֮һ
жȽᵤȽٵʱѸٵ˲䲹ȫĵҩ˶ԣһ̱ܽٵǵڶ
Ȼ׶ڱܽٵ⣬ΪԼĵظʮֵǿģŲ⣬һڵǽԪӤһ𣬻ָѶʮִģܽٵһ˶ԣȴ൱ڵڶ
ڱܽٵҲ֪ģвϣֻҪﵽʵױаȫĵҩ
ԣܽٵ׷ıԪˡ
ⶫȻ˵ãȻ׻
˿ƷսףЧײһЦ
˿µѪɷħѥֿԳӵЬӶûУ׻һ˫ƷЬ֮󣬽˫Ʒѥ͸Գ
ԳȻһл
һ̣Щ£ٴεĴµĻ
Щ׶ֻ㲻ٶǡ
£Ƽɽͬһ͸Ļɽﲻһɹѹֵĸо
ǵģѹ֣ȷʵʮѹ֣رÿ߳һǹѹ֣ʹз£صģͬ޴һ㣡
Щ谵ɽ嶼ѪɫģͬϼϦһ㣬ָֻоȴ̫Ĳͬ
ɽͺͺģûʲôĵط棬ɽȴɽڵɽ⿴ȥڲʲôȴܲ²⵽涨Ȼкܶת͹սǡ
˿ɽ󷽺ɫѪɫӵѪһĴڣɲȻһᣬ̤ɽУǻɽȥ
á
׳ȵʱ˵Ҳҵ׷׸
׷еĲ죬ԺˣҲҼ١
ȻһĪݺݵĽεϣһ˲˿
ͬһһȻһֲѪˮӡ
ʱǴͬӿҺһĺɫҽһĶ
кȻȴǾþõû
Ƭ̣ȴٴεȻȴǸ
ɽɽԣ״Ȼһʮһˣʱɽһϴɽ˽ȥ
һƬ˵ʲô
״һˣȻţ˲֪Զ·˲֪ٸ䣬ǰԵЩտ
Ĵ˻谵ĹâѪɫȼŵҽһѪɫĹâ
µɽ֮УһƬݵأϲʱЩˮ̶һĴڣˮ̶棬ȴˮѪɫͬҽһҺ壡
ЩҺ岻¶ߣƺŹͿֲϢȣҺ壬ӵ˺ġ
Լģ׸оӦڶŋ֡ڲԶˡ
ǰ׳˼Ȼŋ֡ӦһޣĻޣһֽ˱Ѫˮҽޡ
ЩҺ嶼һͬȼţ޴ķݲʱҺ֮Щ½أɫǽһƬּӲĳ̶ȣ˿ƷƷķ̶ȡ
׵Ҳһ˿̵ȥЩҪ˵Ľ
һ˿ʮˣ׽̤꽣ϣǿз˹ȥͣǿһзϵĳǳԱߡ
ˣʱҲɫ侲࣬׷׵ĸŷ˹
ÿһľֲϢʵо״ͷĲȥ̽ˡ
ȻʵѾﵽߵ۷״̬ʱǣԼСĿ¡

һĿĽɫ¥ţÿףһܿյĴ
Īƺܵĳǽˣʣյ¥һ㣬ҲɽĽṹ޼
Ҳûж룬һʵǿǲǵİΣ
ϵϷţԽϣԽһƬѪɫĹâ֮С
ţǰһСԳϺŵӰ
һԴһС̨ܶǽڵĻǸļ̨̨֮ϣһСţųţԳѪɫĻ⡣
ǵģǻǻ޵ĸۡ
ŋ֡ŋֻޣڶ壬ӣͬǰ壡׸оڵ΢ųĸо֪棬ǵڶöڡ
ֻڶö壬ѶȺܴ
εСٿΨһͨ׳Ĭ
һΣʧܣôöô
תĿⲻϵѲţһȺϲϵɨ
Ŀ衢˻ġħϣ˶ʱ˳վǰԶ
ˣ˭ٶ죬ҲȽǿ
Ŀʵ
ˣ죬ԸΪЧ
ħţٶȣ磬ܺȣʱ
΢΢ͷ֪˳Ʒħٶȷ棬Ӧúǿ
˿ССĵ̨׳ڽڶʱ䲢޴󰭣һƷսף㴩ϣ汼ϮһȻٻŋֻ
˵գ׵ݳһƷսס
ħҲ֮󣬶ʱ˼˳ȥ
׳˵һΪסޣǱȫѪȫñ
ǣ
ʱһʮ˷׷ͬ˵
˷׷׼΢΢ɳ˼֡
ħõʱڼ˳ȥһ̣һֿ۳һö壬ɫĹâٴεĳſ˽ȥ
𡪡
Ƶ˻ʹðڣԴһʣ


192 ꡤ
˸鶯۵ĹâͬʱϵϢҲ𽥵ɢ˳
Ĺ֮УһӰȻѾ
ħ죬ˣŋֻޣ˳
˿̣ɢ˵һȫ׼㣬ڴ˿̣ʱҲʹݶѪĹ
𡪡
˻˼˵ѣһ㣬һ˸Ѫɫޣʱ˵ߡ
ʱȫ׼ú󣬶ʱ˽ĵ֮ȻԪڽ𵤵ʱ˶ʱٴεĻһݺݵŋֻ޳˹ȥ
𣡡
ĵһȣ׶ʱŋֻߣɫľֱһٽϯ
ʱĽŋֻ޸ԭֲ𣬴˿ȴȻ޷ɱŋֻޣֻʱס
ܵ׵ǣƣɲǣŋֻ޵һ㣬
ҵʹռ䶼һŤռƺڲϵŤ֮ѡ
ǣȻֲɢһȴûлرܣٵŋֻ޳˹ȥٶ֮죬ֶ֮Ҳġ
ľ޴Լֱӵ˺ŋֻ޵Ĳ壬¶Եɢˣħн߰˻ģƷ𵶣ǽ߰˻ĵĽͬʱɱǿֲĻڡ
Ȼʵܴܴ󣬵ھԵ㹥֮£ڤص˵ĿֲһεĹЧ
һɲǼ䣬ŋֻѾ׵Ļɱ
Ҳʧ󵱼˽ĵʱĻָٶҲԽԽ졣
ֱԺĺɫâٴεŋֻ޵ϡ
ŋֻܵĺڹ䣬ʱȻĻһöɫӣ׵ġ
ײûжԣһӣڶö壬ʱĵǬָ֮С
ռԭֵ΢΢ѺۼʱҲȫĻָ˹
ֻǣȻŋֻޱĺɱǻȴûٷı䡣
΢΢ЩͳվԭأģȴǸӦܡ
ŋֻɱȻɣȴʱȻȫѣҲûԼʧ
Ƴ˴ôⳡսͲôˡ
֪κǽңͬҲ֪ܹһеߣΣսֻҲˣεᣬԵûôƽ
ȻЩˣпܵԼȥᣬ
ײΪԼʵסˣңΪ¶˲ٵ˵õķôЩλ֮ͽ
һ̣Ҳûж룬˺ܾãռȻûб仯΢΢ȻһʮһˣǰĿռȥ
̤СĿռ䣬׸Ӧһº壬£ֻʣ˵ɵ֮
֮Ҳǵ塪ꡣ
֣ײ²ģҲ㵽ģǰߣҲûг˵ϡ
ף뵽֣кȻЩⲻԽԽǿ
̤գ棬ٺһĻ޵ĶһƬɵĿռ䡣
ɵɽɵˮһУǵĻɵɫûɫ
أͺʧȥһ谵ɭȻͳء
ŵζա
̤Ƭռأٴεվԭأûж
һ̣Ŀת˻ɢ˺ˣ΢΢һ
ռţʱ˶û˵
׵ĸоһ·ϡ
Ŀ⿴ǰ͸ԼĻɵɽͣǰƺһһѾкõģһʮһˣħ죬߰˻ģٵԳˣڡ
һЩˣ̬ڵһ˫Ŀն˫ͬʬһеţǰεš
һת˿ЩѾͶԼˣǾһľƣΣգһὫȡ֮бһ£ǱܲȥǱûκΰ취ˡ
˵ĺڤڤصҲ֪Ƿռ䣬Ǽ˰ȫĵطȻ涼ӲȥҲû˻Թԡ
ѣױΪͷĲЩ׼
һϵǰߣƺҲ߲һķΧױֻǿķ㲻ٿֻһ̧ͷҲǷĹ쳡
ʱÿϾԳ˲Ұ׵ľ֮ɫ
һ̣뵽ˡƶĺ߶£ͬʱҲѵʶԼһǰǴ˿Լˣ󣬻ԼĴ
Щ죬뵽Լͬӣ˺֮⣬İ壬ˣʲô
зӵͷͬûпǰһУ׵´ͷǰ档
ɢ˵һʮһˣҲʱ
һֱţжںӦ׺׵Ŀ˺塣
Ǻ壬ֱӵһ֮Уɢŵĺɫâ
ûκεı仯ҲûκεѶȣɵḶ́ʹԼԼǲΡ
ŲʵľĸоĿɻ˺壬ʱһ䣬׻Ƚ֮УȻٽһȡ
ǣֱߣ׶ûκεΣյĸо
ֻǣΨһģǿҵĲ
ǣȻǰױ㲻Ͼһö壬ѾҲҪˣֻҪˣֻҲˣôΣվͲʲôΣˡ
̽˺ܶΣȻûгʲôΣգͬԭ֪ͬһĶ飬ҲѾʧˡ
׳뵽δ˵˫ۣ׳Ĭˡ
пö壬塮塮ŋ֡Ȼöȡ˹ȥ
΢΢һɢŵĺڹ⣬ʱ׷
ʱƺʲôɫһ䣬Ȼˣɣ
Ǵ˿ѾˣʱУһ˫۶ʱɵôģ˼ȫĴˡ
嵽֣пʼ֣˶ʱʱ˽ȥ
ǣ塮ꡯҲһ̣ͬһĿֲá
һڹȡİ˻ĺͷħˣȫ
ȻΪѾռ䣬˿̲ûвͱΪɲǵѣ˲ͬԼȡ˽
ֻǣ˽ˣķħ졢˻ˡ桢ڤڤءˡܡմʦԳʱȫĲȻ
ȫûκηģһ˲䱻壬ꡣ
׺衢ˣȴǽҵ֮١
ֻǣȻˣͱʱͬı˻꣬ӡ˺塮ꡯ֮Уֻ˵Ҫһ㣬ûбɱֻǱӡ˶ѡ
ףȴͬģΪıŵԱȫԼӡǽڲ˳յϡ

棬һЩĿʮ˽Ļ谵Ŀռ󣬶ʱ߶ΣѾƽ˵ʱ򣬶ʱ쳣ĺڹһȻʮͬĲҽ
жʱ
˶ɵˣǿˣҲˣ
Ŀɼԣȫʧˣɽ£ɽ¡
ʱҲ֪˶ãյͣȾѪһƬ
ɽ£ȻϿȺȻĳˮûκε⡣
Ǹ쳣Ŀռ䣬Ѿ֪ȥ˺δɢ˵ȣÿһˣΪѾˡ
һ̣ˣͬʱҲõɵҲ˵ĴѶ
е߶ˣȻĬĬİ̾һ˰ݣ㬵뿪
ÿ뿪ӰЩȺįЩ׼ȥƵĸǣҲһ

ڻȻ䣬֣˼𽥵
Ǻµͬһ֣ͬǣɱԼһһöö⡣
֣һģһ֣Ѿ¹һΣδһΣ£
ŋ֣ڵһɱôɱɱ˾Σˣ
һȫһֱ䣡
ˣʲô󣬵ǿ϶⡣


193 ǧ
޷ĵزһʱЩǰδеĻҡ
ˣֻܻһ
뵽˵Ŀ־壬ҧҧİԭĲ塣
Ȼ֪εĽϴһ֮£Ҫģɱö壬ȫˡ
Űľƣһٴ֮ȡһö壬һн塮͡ŋ֡ɱ
һ̣Էİ壬еɱԼһĺܶ壬Ȼ󣬾Ƴֳһߵİܾ֮ơ
׵ͷ֮ǰµһ壬Ȼ뵽ǰһ壬΢΢ŸɱԼһĺ塮ꡯ
Ű壬˳Ľˡ
׷ˡ
ɱ˰岿֣ʹ̱ܾѶҪڰܾ֮ǰɱ꣬ȴЩѶȡ
׷˼ֽһУɱܶӣӣ׿֡
һУʯӲҵĺҲͬʱɱ
ͷЩͳĬĬٴεĽ
ǰδе֣꣬ôֵĺġ
ͷһ΢΢Щϲ̣ȴǺȻһգˣѾûˣ
ôֻܿŲϵĺ壬ϣѾһƬ̱ɶ
һĺȻѾһ³һѪ
³ѪǾѪѪ꾳ᵹˣ
о֣˵Ӱ죬Ǻܴġ
Ȼ֪Լ״̬ʶڣǬָϵҲûжϡ
ΪˣҧҧóԼ塪塮
ԥһ۳ȻȫĲ꣬ȻѿĺʱѸٵĳ׵üġ
׻ɫɱڣŰȴǱķɵˡ
ģģѾǢ˲֣ȻûڲĽǿ󣬵֮ȴӴ
ȫֹȻ䣬ƺʵʰһ㡣
ĸо׵ģʵûе˵ĸоƺһ˺ȫĻָһ㡣
ЩΪκˣһôѣֻأҲѡ
ԽֻغѶȣҲԽ
ԣΪ깥Եʮֵǿֲν깥Ҳ꣬Ǽ򵥵ѣ
˿̣ƺ׵꣬ȴǱ׵Ľɡ
ϣ塮£ɱһѪ·ö壬֮£ɱ
׵ģˡ
ֶûˡ
ԼѾزȥδˡ
˼ţȴǸԼǻزȥδԼδ֮ΣҪˣ
ƺ˹裬һ׵ģõˣһУĵ˺ܶࡣ
ڽС
ڷѩҹߵս޼һΣȴûн
һȴȻھʧܵ£һö壬޷ɱ¾һ¶˳
ԭƽһ̣ȴ΢΢һ㵣Ȼȡ˺壬ġ
һۿȥ壬ȴʾǧ֡
Ժȴ
뵽˶µǧ꣬׿Ц˻²⵽Լȫ˵Ļ壬Ȼšǧɡ
Ȼ㵽ЩȻҲ㵽Լ⡭
ȻЩѹΪȻССҸĸо
УǺĶֻеԷеĸܵǷ飬ĸо˵УŻҸͿ֡
״˿̴˳ȴǾЩССҸͿ֡
ĸоУȴҲûкܳ
˫ĿϸĹۿΧĻɣûˡ
˸Źεӣ֮УţǱɱ塣
ֻǴ˿壬Ѿûʲô鶯Ĺâˡ
壬׾ԼѾȫ˵ĽҲù˼֡
ͬȡ˻Ȼ֪ѾʲôЧ
Уںϳŋһ̣׵ģҲ΢΢һ
һѵĸодͺǴξ֮һ㣬ȴ֣꣬Ѿص˱֮С
ΧһƬգĴһƬãһƬĻԭ
ԭ͹Ӵȴûκε̡
֪ﲻĿռ䣬ҲκϤĿռ䡣
׺ȻҲ֪ܳһʱ䣬ȥˡ
ǧŵĺ˳С
ЩΣֻĬĬǱޡ
Ǳޣѡ

ʱ䴨ϢһĵǱ֮У׵ʵԪڵĽ𵤺ƷԪʯİ£ϵͻͽš
ӱںǰڣʼϵľ
ںڡ
ںϺڡ
ǰڡ
ڡ
Ԫǰڡ
Ԫڡ
Ԫڡ
Ȼһ޷ͻˡ
Ŀ֮ı壬ҲԪڣ꾳磬Ҳ
׵ʵ㣬־磬ҲǶӦľѣľ磬ֻǰվȣд˵
״˿̣ģ˽ĹԪĿֲ磬ȴ޷顣
أ飬ԪӤĴţһֱûĳ
תۼ䣬ǧȥˡ
ǧ꣬ǧȥˡ
ǧǰԪڣûͻơ
ײûмֻһۻ
ԪڣԪӤ磬֮ͻƣҲô׵ġ
ҪǣǧͻƵǰ׵ٶȣǼǿġ

͡
ɫ𣬴ڷϵĴϵͨļ⣬ÿһϸƺż˾˵ı
˿̣ĹԪ磬ӵĿֲȻԪڣԪӤǰڲĺܴ󣬵׾аһнԪӤڵĸɱ
ǵģһУɱԪӤڵĸֻ֣ĹԪһУ
ѾܱΪˣʱûô
ĵкģѾ𽥵ڻ˿ţٹ꣬ԼͨģܻԪӤˡ
˽ںԪӤ˽ˡ
һκνߣؽˡ
׻һͻԪӤ磬ɾͽ顣
ǣǧʱѾȥһǧ꣬ԼȴûڣͷɿЦ
ǳ׵δˡ
лڿЦ塮ǧȻ֮еķ˳Ȼ˲׵ǰըѡ
ռ䶸Ȼһ䣬׶ʱϿյա
Щɻ󣬸׼̽һȻ䣬ϵƺ
ɫ󺧣ʱ뵽ƺˡ
о֮Ҳ룬ʱĴ˹ȥ
ĴҲнһʮӵ·̣һᣬӰ䣬ݶѪԿĽؽٶȴﵽֲļ¡
ֻ5ӣױڴ󴦡
׼ɽͣȻ䣬ȻֱԪֱ֮
һ̣˰ħǣһ㶣ʱ˵ľλã͡
ܿ죬׳ڱǵڤǡ
һٵĿ񱼣׳¡
ԶԶģ׿˴˿̵ˡ
ɫսףΨΣڴһ˾Ķǵ
׸硪
˶
ԶԶģ˲һȻ󣬽ӵ
еĻص˵ߣһĶһҲ׵Ǭָ֮з˳
˶׸ɱ壬˶㲻¡
׸磬ûõġ
Ӽҵӵ֮лָ֮׺Ȼ֣˵սףƺ˺ܶΣŵԳ˷ɫսס
ߣһֻССǣŤͷĶס
΢΢ЩͳȴڼϤǽ㡣


194 лꡤ
ԭǽˣϵ
ǣȴǲ֪Ϊʲôǽ㣬Լἰˡ
ûж˼˿̱ˣôĵӵţһ㶼ûɿ˼
սףǴŵӣѾЩ˵ζôĶ
ȴǳ
˶£׸ᱣġ׽˵
֪Ϊʲôһ̣ȻãƺĳЩʧȥһ
ĬĬҡͷˮ𽥵ĵ䣬ƺҪʧһ㡣
׸磬صδȥɣź壬ȥδڹȥǲܸıʲôģ˶
Ҳ˶ôˣңҰ
ƺһ㣬һ̣˵Ϊʲôƺ˵Ĳýᷢһ㡣
׸磬һħǾͻᱻԶ޷ˣϧѹҵ˱˵
ǧ֪꣬˿϶ʵͻ˺ܶ࣬Ǿ㵽ʲôȴʲô֪
ǣܸоδҲĺܰĺܰ
ǣΪʲôʲôһԣѵһ
ɵɵţһ̣
׸磬߰ɣٲߣ˶㿴˺ȻһƿףжȻһѽ⡣
״վµƽ̨Ͽգһ仰Ҳ˵
˶壬Ҳɱˡ
׳Ĭ˺ܾãȻ˵һ仰
һ̾˿ߵߣ׵Ļ
׸硪
˶Ҫ£׸ƴҲᱣġ
׼ᶨ˵ţȴǺȻһ߲ʵĹâϡ
ֵΣߣ
߲ʵĽֱӴӺȻѿգһòʮֿݵꡣ
ϴһĨаЦµޣȴϤޡޣڱѩǵޡ
һΧԶԲʱȫΪ档
ͬıǣ˵ȣȫĻҷ
ͷһ𣬽Ķʱɢں˽𵤶ʱѡ
ۡ
һѪʱҷ֮ʣһڣԭѵĽ𵤶Ȼָԭģ
ȫˣʱȫָ
΢΢һͣȴɫ˼ֲ԰ס
˶
״󾪣Ҫ˱ڻʱȴ֣Լ޷ˡ
˶֣ûʸС
ЦһȻĴ̤Ȼƽ̨֮ϣ³ƽ̨֮ǧȫҲΪ˷档
ҵˣߣƥοŪҲȲŮ
˵Ŀ⣬ȴôݶ
׾ǿվţһ̣Уǿ޷ͷ࣬ܣʹ
ߣ죬Ϊ۵ģΪʥ
Σо򣬲һ·ΪоΪǧ꣬һµ޷޷ֻأ޷ȥķҺ⣬ַϣҪƥʹ֮У
аЦţȴǺȻ䶯ˡ
׿壬ɲǣ˵Ӱʧˡ
ˡ
ֻһ˶ݵƬ̣˺ȻٴγߣϣѾѪȾ͸
Ȼ˵壬ôֱֱĵˡ
ǺԣȻСȻźһСһСȻҧ˹ȥ
һ̣޷ףľԼʵʵ̫
񻯣Ŀ񻯣ʶݶ޵ԪӤ׶Ȼ޷
ޣޱȵĺޣȴȻûκεİ취
˵Ĵ򶷺ܿ죬ҲûƿգǴ򶷣׸ܿһ˿ۼ
˵ˣ꣬ȴͬվţͬһ㡣
ǵͼˣǵͼ񣬶ǣҽӡٴ֮еǣȻʣһĲƵںϴ뿴ƥٽȣ
ԹԵ˵ţһ̣ѾҧѪȴû붨ˡ
˵ţĺȻһ档
һ׸ûмҲû˵Ļ档
һ׵겻ɿƵĲǵģĲ
˵꣬һ̣Ҳ
棬ֱ˺˵꣬ĲƵ꣬ͿռݣڶݵƬ̣ͬӡΪһһ׺ϤĽʯ׽
˳һ㣬ݺݵȥ
Ļһʱҷ
򵥣һжôļ֮
˵ʣһл꣬ͬСǣȻ䱻һץֱӽǵ塣
һɻɳǲҽ޷˵ϡ
ѪˮһţۿһзǵȫƳһһǵĻǽһȻγһǵĲȱꡣ
ɫĻ棬ϨˣЦţȻ󽫺ɫĻ׷
׺侲Ӽ˵ķŭ侲֮󣬿ĵ׷ѡ׼ԱҲ˳޵ԪӤıըĻᡣ
׾Ǿ߲Զ˿״̬ǣϱܳܵ˱ը
ûˣһзȵģ
˺ܶ࣬˲䣬Ҳ뵽
Ȼ䣬ռͬһĶȻ׺Ȼʱƺٵĵһ㣬ɫĻ浹˻ؿʼȻҲ壬صϡ
ָıһ£ּ˻
ɲǼһУĳԺ֮УǺܿϧȥֻˣһȻûб仯
һģһ
ĳΣȻ޷ıʲô
մһ̾һɫĹâ˲׵ϡ
һ̣׸оȫˣһ̣˺ڰ

죬ֶΣ壬סˣ
˿̣֮УߣȻˡ
꣬ߣȻˣĺڰ壬γ޵һ㣬ٵȥ
һУɫĻ汼Ϯ΢΢һ٣ϵһ£ʱ޵˹Ѫڣɫӿ
ɫһ߲⼤Ͷŋ֮Уŋʱһй⣬Σס
͡
ɫĻ棬ϵ֮˸˿̣һȻһڹ⣬ʱʧ
ޣȴǲҺһʱͬʧ
һʱ忴Żһ׹붦УɫĻǵȼţƬ̺ʱָԭģ
һ̣֮УӰʱ˵ϡ
ˣǽȻɢˣ
ֻǴ˿̣ȫԲѡ
屯̾һĬĬվ˵ߣĿȰ֮
˶һգףһ޸ķ򣬽Ȼģ˵ţһİɫĹΣ͸ǵڡ
ǣҲһĻָһĳš
Ƭ̣ǵ׸ߴ
һ̣Ҳ˹
ĬĬĿ壬۽ˮϵĹ䡣
عͷһۣĿô˶ϳ
˵ͷ˶Ҫģʱһͨˣǵ޷㣬ҲһԵġ
Ǳĵ˵ͷû˵
˿ŋĬĬĽ͵ǰ
屯̾һվʲôҲû˵ӹŋ룬һӡȻ˽Ȼڡ
һεĹâ͸룬ӡǡ
̾ϢʱҲʧ֮С
ſտҲɽͣ˿صʯ׽˿ƽ̨Ѿָһβ;һɫ磬ʧ˶ɽ֮С


߼ 


195 ʥ
ĸоѾֹһΡ
׶ԣĸоԶԶûеʹǿҡ
ڲ֪֮У׷֣ԭ԰ôôô˸γϡ
ޱߵĺڰ֮У׵ʶ𽥵ںȻޱߵĺڰ֮𽥵
֪ǵڼδӺڰֲ֪֮ǵڼʹ
ܾöûĸоˣܾãҲûѹʹĸоˡ
֮У֮ǰɲǣƺԶ޷ĥ
ڲ֪֮䣬ԭ˵İѾô飬ô꣡
ѣȻָֻһ̣ĮȻվѩǵķ֮С
طԶǡ
Խһǰһ̣Ǽĵطط
ʷվûиı䣬һ̣е飬ˡ
ˣΪл꣬޷̹ȻԼǲǰ
ΪԷԲԼԾǻл꣬Լֻۡ
׺ѹգûŋȥ
˵ζһ壬һˡ
塪
׼ǽȫԪĶȻ˲˻˳
ӴԵܼķ棬ʱȻըѵ
ռһһŤ֮ߣһɫĹâʱ׵ߡ
߿һۣĿ΢΢Щ죬漴ȴȻεȥһǰǧˣ
Ŀ䵭壬û˵
Щݵ̾һʷȻѾصȥҲѾûá
ңɱһĳͷ˶Ժ󣬱̸ˡ
бܣ֪νԼǸ˼ΪԼǴִһԡ
Ȼ֪ܣǸ޷ˣȴƲԼı⡣
б˭ӵס
кǺޣ꣬ĺ֮ǡ
죬ʲô磿ô˶ꣿ׶˿ûʲô𾴣ʵãȴʵԺ൱ȴŮԼŮɱ¾
ȻԼʮֵĲԭ¡
ʥ˾磬ͬʥ˵ľ磬˶ȴżȴεʵֻ£˶ʵ½˾żɾ磬ǣǰȫġ
ʥˣ޵깥֮ʥ֮ϣʥʥʥ˵ľ磬ϣ
Цʵ˶Ļ᣿
ͱ˲ͬκˣ޷㣬ʥˣҲһҲɱѡȥıʷǺܿϧ
׵˵ͷģ˶һȵģ죬Ҳһʳ
΢΢ûķԵƬ̣ҴһִĹٰһռ䷨
ױܾˣʱҲ˵ʲôˡ
ʱȻһɫĹâȻڹâ֮У׷֣ٶƺǧ򱶵һ㣡
ڴ˷΢΢һʱѾ
ҪʱôڵķΧռʵʩʱշ򣬽ڵʱһ򱶣ôһ̣ʵȴ˺ܳʱˡ
ȻƬ֮ݳһöռָס
΢΢һ㵣ȴǽ˹׼ֱӵĵѪȡ
ȴֵһö侧ʯһĶǴķַҶصĸ򣬱ʥ˽磬ҲǼĶţҲգ˳㴫㵤գ
˵գаɫâһ⾧ʯӴ˼֡
׾ĬĬ˹
ʶһɨʱԺ֮ޱȾ޴Ϣͬˮһӿ
üͷһ£ٵЩ֪ʶ
ʱ֮ȻҲ൱̡
νĵǵɵɵ汾ѣ˸ϸ˵ɵľ
ЩϣȻףⵤҲ˲õĶ٣嶼ӣȻǺǿĵ
ţһѶϢԼԺ΢΢һͣЩˡ

ӴϢȻ˲ܣֱӽ侧ʯȫݶԿԼԺ֮Уŵݻ侧ʯ
壬ȴûãֻ΢΢˵ͷ
׵㽫⾧ʯȡԼǬָ֮С
ķҲͬס
ѭ򽥽ķһǵѪȡֻм򵥵ϵ÷ǧ֮һٷ֮һʵȣдԼУģ飬ԴȵѪȡȻ㲻ϵдݶɷӰٷ֮һٷ֮ʮȣһַԾѪԪܷӷʵٷ֮ʮٷ֮ٲȡ
Ĵ֮׶ʱ׵Լ꽣Ϊ֮ǿˡ
Ҳ˼ֱӵһɾѪ䵽͸Ľָ֮ϡ
һ̣ɫȴһ䣬ʱ󺧵ʥⲻô
ǣȴȻķָ֣һҫ۵Ĳʹ֮󣬶ʱ׵ڡ
ľʱҲЩȻȴǵĵȻԾѪֻȡҾѪʮ֮һȴ԰ٷ֮ٵıӦʮ֮һľѪȻЩðգȴ£Ƚϸķ
֮һĨͣʱСӹȻ˶Ȼûпۣ
һʹȴǵȻ⵽ôһѭҶЩɣεѭҲνˣģһŬƴġ
Ǭָ׶ʱ׵ǬָǿѪʹֱӵĻȡָϢ
ʥ䣬챾Դʥһ㣬ӳһǧʱһһ״̬ޡ
ֲһǧһ£ĬֱӵĽɱڤǬָȡʥ֮С
ţܰģҲôˣڷڲͬĽ֮˿Բ²㣬Ҫǿķ
ھͻƣʵǿԵģ磬ҪԪӤ֮ĶҪҩԽ磬ԼȻͻƣңĲԪӤ֮ԪӤʲô
ǿ䣬ףΪĻҲһȴҲ˽ȥ
΢΢⣬ʥ䣬ȻһֺıԴʥѾֻˣ֮ǰҲǽӡĨȥӡǶѣҲؿ˵£ֵܲģҲô࣬⻹ǽ㱾֮⣬ԣ㲻صʥΪ㣬Ǹ㲻㡣
Ľ˶ķҪм򵥵ķҲ˵
˵˵ģ̾һȻʧ
ףȴĬĬĴ˺ܾãܾá
ȻЩܣھ޴֮£׽һж׿Ȼ󼸺˲һֱ뿪˱ѩǡ
ֱӵĳڴ󴦣һԨȻֱУ˲¡
£69124£һлͬԭһ޶˷ǡ
˿̵ףȴԶǵˡ
ǧ꣬Ըıܶ£֮У׵ģҲӵˡ
׵ĺȻ֣ʹǱ޵Ӻܿң񶼾
硪
ܵܡ
ĺϻеˣȻѾ޴󰭡
֪ǰãǱѩǵɱȻɱˡ
΢΢ͷ˲ʧ˼ǰ
һ̣׳ɽ֮еĴ֮
ʯ׽ȻǣȻԱߣ˫Ŀ͡
׵ĺȻ֣΢΢Щ𺳣һ¡
һۿĿȣʵȻﵽԪڣ΢΢һ𣬶ʱȴǵͷ
ɫˮϵĹ


196 Ʒ
˶Ȼ׸ûм֮ǰǵ㣬֪ȥȻǲ㣬Ҳӱˡ
Ϥǣٿǳصʯ׽һ̣׵ģʮֵʹ
϶ʱԳ߲ʵĻ⣬Ȼ˶ʱ˷ɫս׵Ůӡ
鶯ϢĲģʹ˺ͱݡ
׸硪
˶
׽Ľ˱˻ȻԵûɿ
ǵģʧȥһΣۿԼİŮӱ˺͹Լ֮⣬벻
׵ģʹʹ
֪ʲôֵöԷ˵ĺ֣£ô˲ˣõİ취
˵壬׵ģѾЩڻˣ㺣ӿ
׸磬ӹȥ𣿡
Ȼ֪˿̵ףѾ֪˹ȥһУˣȻѹ
ֻһƵĻǵǱ仯Ϊ״̬Ҳܿ㣬ӶʧΪһ״̬֮£˸Գ״̬
ңתΪΪǵĻǵԭòѾǵݣª֮Ȼиѹ
ǲòΪ߶òʮֵţ
£һŮӣȻǵòÿһŮӶ޷ܵġ
ḧƺЩõĳ˿ûɫսװŵĲͷӣȥ
һ˵ĽȻһ̣꣬һ㡣
ʹ࣬ƺɲǼҷ
֮⣬˿̣ܿңĬĬվţĿ峺ȴӯˮ
Уûмʣ˼ľ磬УʵҲѾˡ
ǽ㣬ˡ
ǽܿ
˶ĵ̾ţȴû˵ʲô
ǽ㿴ľͷûʲôͬʱߵһлǺϵĬĬףܻҸ
Ȼ޷ѹͿնĸоʧĸоҲȻǲӰϵġ
ˣǣһֱ˺ܾãֱ˵壬ʼ
˶ҾķģĻǲûʧֻǺһӡʯ׽֮УһὫ㸴ԭģһ㣡
ʮּ˵
˽ͷ׵ĻУѾо֪˴˿ģǲûиоԷһͻأůĸоӿǷǣһ˵ͬô
׵ţ˵΢΢Щ֣סʱ˷֣еĿ־ѹһʧ١
׸磬˶㣬˶ǲģĲĽƣԣ׸粻ҪΪ˶ģ˶ԺԶ뿪׸뷨ˣ׸粻ٰ˶ˡ
ıЩһǣңʹ佫һ޷ĵز
еĻ汻ٴεȼ˷֣ѾȫĲʧȥףһӵʧȥ
иж§һ˵ӣôŮȴò֮в˲ǵòǣͷβ˵ģУôľ
ˣϸ˵İʱҲóһսףһƵģƷսסսסսѥ齣
͸׵ʱû˿ԥĽ˹ȻٴνıˣٴεǷ˹ȥ
䣬һʱʱҪˣɿ֣ˣȴǻָǵ塣
˫ĿſնƤǳ֣Ϊ֮˶ʱѾſ˯
ʹ˼㣬ĬĬǣȻǱ
͵һĺ֮У룬ԼҲŽ˺֮С
ĬĬػߣں֮УǵĻָʮֵѸ٣Ҳ֪ٶȣҲúüʱ
źسرڣػŸںϵˣпʼ˼Ժ·
һƣȻףܶŪģ˵Щƣ˵⺮ء
ĻŶ˵İرǺء
ײ֪ܳãȻûкԼɽ֮еһЩػֻǶڻ˺
㣬״˴ͷ
һ˰æƵսף˺ķѾѪǧƳģսףսѥ齣Ƕô˾ĵ֡
ԾѪķԼĸȻĽս׵Ĵ̶ȴ˰ٷ֮ʮ
ڷԣ14589161732鱦32100鱦1011000
עͬƷεǲɵӵģǡװͣռ䷨ǳ˻㡿
ԶԣƷȴÿٷ֮ʮĳ̶ȣֲʮͬԵĵӣ10*3=30
30ָͬ1000ô򱶵ټϽĹԪĶʮ׵ǿʮ򱶣
ʮ򱶹ţ˿ԪڵʵԵĿԺͳϺڵĸս
ң⻹ǲ񻯵ʵǰ£
ȻˣȴûʲôԵãҲûоԼǿΪԶǲˣͷβѹģôһӣʱıǵеطȫΣ

ػ˵Ĺ֮УҲʼһ
һĸ֣ض󷨡ӹɵģͬģ˼Щʱ뵽ߵĻ
㲻ԪӤģοԪӤĽ𵤣ٵıʽѣ
׶ʱԼڣжʱҲȻ
һֹģһֱľ磡
ԪӤһ޶һ־磡
˿̣ڵڶ󾳽罣ľĵھŲ㾳ѣڽĹԪľ磡
һ룬Ժ֮лȻʣ
ǵģ磬һֲζѣģھŲ㣬ͬԪڵľѣ
龳磬һ㣬ľ磬ǶӦԪӤǰھ磬ͬģһ־磡
׶ʱȻһֱıŤ⣬ƺҲ˲ȫˡ
˿̣ĳƵĵش󾳽磬֮뵽˵ģŵҩͱ˵չĩ·ױֹסĳ嶯ԪҲûдù
ʼһײ֪ԭ˽̵Լ֮Ȼں󷨡
󷨣оżһţʵԵ͵ߡ
󷨣ҲǿԵӵģһ󷨣ĵγ󷨵ʱ򣬱γɶ󷨡
󷨣Ǹ󷨣Ʒ󷨣һĶ󷨣Ʒ󷨡
ɶ󷨲ϵӣȻܳ󷨣ͬĳΪƷ󷨣һ󷨣Ʒ󷨡
ѭż󷨣һľż󷨣ѾͬǬռ޶Ʒż󷨡
Ʒż֮Ʒľż󷨵ӣóֲǬ󷨣˿ѾûƷƷ֮ˣΪǬ󷨵ľʱѾʵʵֱ˴ˡ
и̾жϣǿֲ󷨣ȻֻǸļƷ󷨣
Ҳһ̣ײףԼҪߵ·ܳ

ĸʱ֮ڻָ˹׿˲ôƣھȣ˵֣˴Ӻ֮г
ֹ˻ΪĶ⣬ܿңȻڿޣױ㲢ûдǡ
ٴεģ״ˣµű硣
ǰ·һ߹һΣһǰһһСŮ˿̣ȴһһǡ
᲻ϣֱӵһһҲ߷ζ
һգ״ǣɽȴǺȻ֣ɽ֮⣬ɺɣлɽ߾ǽɽ׵İΧ
Щ֮У׼һϤˣһϳˡ


197 Ǭ֮ɱ
ΧɽֺͻɽЭأΪɽɣ֮
֮̽ϢʹĶˡ
Ϣݷɽһ֮˾Ƿ˾պ̸֪ġ
ʣµİԪǲҪôƳԵǷɢ͸ƵĶܺóԵ
̽ϢΪ֮ĵҩ͸ŵĵ̷ƾһ㣬ɽ峤ϱѾƲӵǷˡ
ܽݳ޵ĵҩ͸ӳԣֻ˵ⵤŶԣνġ
ɽ峤˾պ뷨
뷨ӶƲ⣬ʹ˾պɴɱҲŹ
ԣϢ˾պƲʽźγɵ
γɵֱ֪֪ͨɽϿ֮еȻ׼ɽΧ
뵽ɽصֺͻɽɽĵжҴ˿ǺȻͻϮɽѶɽϿȵ
˿̣Ϊ淶ΧɣѾԽˣϾɽű֮ˡ
Щִܴ֪ױѩ֮׷ɱ飬ץסˡ
˿̣һɱɽǧӶʱһƬƵҪӢӣȴ˾պŵػ֮£ϵĺˡ
˾պŴ˿̲ǰΪ˾ǷҲںϺڣǲɳ峤ȥѶȴǵ˿Ȼûл
˾պŵʮֵĽ˿̣ĵôɽôϹ
ʱԶ峤˾պӰںݺݵɱԼɵľӢӵʱ˾պһʱ֪Σɽڽ군ˡ
군ˣһҲҪȫҵļӣȻ
뵽ƻкͺʮƵģ˾պвһĲ
ǣĴѾƴĵֿųȺĸֵɱһλ𵤺ڵ꣬ǰڵߣںںڵʮ£һ̣˾պ֪һΣҪסƣѶ̫
ƣ죬ܽض뿪ʦߣȻΪʦʦţ
˾պ
һߣһ𵤺Ц˾ϼһҺĳڴˣﻹõ뿪ߺߣȥͨ籨ô
գԪȻһӣұɱɽʮˣ
ĳɿЦߵԼˣǷЦ
ʦǳʦţҲ뿪ģ
˾պţƸͬһ㣬ԣ˿ǶȻ뿪ɽġ
ܽأǲ뿪ԼĴ磬ֵܽˣһľǿӣôڴ֮ǰ˱ʦ룡
ҵˣɽȴ΢΢һЦ˳棬ˣͽӰա
һ𵤺ڵа국ȻһЦ΢΢֡
ˣǷɽ棬˫
ƣܽأǺǣգ׻ξǣҪ
ɽ⵭Цţȴ𽥵ҲԳ˾޴ɷɱ⡣
һ̣˫Ȼֱ֣ӽ˾պԼ˾Ƿʵ˵Ľ𵤡
ƵˣǱѹ֮󣬶á

ɽݺݵһȥ
Ŀ棬˿ûܣҲûһ˿ľ⡣
˲Ѿն˵ͷֻҪһȥɻ˱ؽʹ˳ΪˣһΪȫɵ
ƺܽˣĿӵĶŷɽ⣬ȻܷȴȻ
˶ΪΣˣѾ˾պź˾Ƿϡ
Ǿڴ£պȻһ󲨵һӰʱ˷ɽǰһס˷ɽĵ
ˣס
һ̣ǣҲȻ׵ߡ
״Сɫľǣƣ˾
ɽ΢΢һ㶣ףʱȫʱ˳Աһ˵ס
ȻһЦֱһԪ֮ӿ͸ɽڡ
ӴԪʱʹ÷ɽ⣬ֱӵĲ壬ֱӻĩ
϶ʱԳһ˿־Ѫݺϣȴ˿ûմȾһѪ
ʱа꣬ȴǺȻһ㡣
ףɱ˫ΨһˣҴӴˡ
һ⣬Ȼ˫ǰֲһҰ׵Ľ⣬ֱӽ˲Ĩɱ
ŽɫĽ貵Ľ𵤣
˫Ž𵤣𵤺ڵʵԼ˫һӵŽ𵤣ʵֲ֮
ǣȴ˲䱻Ĩɱ
ռһš
һ̣ܽȴǺȻȵĿ˳׸硪
硪ҲǾȵĺ
ܡ
ܡ
ƺǼˣĿ޵еˣٲΣˣ
ˣǱ㶼뵽ױˣ϶Ҳڸȴʱû뵽׳ֵʵ
Ǵ˿̣ϲ֮þٴε
΢΢ĵ˵ͷȻ֪Լ㲻֣˻ǻֵģȻͬĲܸӣܹҪ״̬Լǻʹģԣ׶εļʱЩ⡣
״̬Լ˶硭
׳˼ţĿɨһ꣬˶ʱǰ
ˣʱҲ־׷׷ɱʵĹ
Ȼв׶ԣҪевɱҡ֮С
΢΢˼Ӱһʹ˽֮Ǭ
ʱ۵Ľ⣬ȻЩ֮Ļɱ˹ȥ
ЩˣڵߣںڵߣҲЩͨߣ
ݡ
ǺγɵֵķɣǻɽڷǵĨɱ
˿̣һҺɫĳۣƷսףɽҲǿžѪ齣
ױʵҲѾƽԪӤǰڣʥ齣⽣Ǭʽһĵطռ䶼
ʵɱЩˣ֮
ױҲ˲Ҳˣұɱ֮ˣ˿һǶԼֵܽó֣Ȼ֡
Щ»
˾պһۣ˾պź˾ǷĽѾ⿪ʱȴסˡ
ǰ֮ˡһǰƵܡ
ݣǺԽܣ˾պŶȴǲκεĵҲȥ룬ǣǲˡ
ɽ֮󣬶ôźá
˵˾պŵǣǰѵǣһκʧ
΢΢˵ͷȻȻɽӣǶɡ
лǰ֮
һҲչʾЩɽӵʡ
΢΢⣬ʵĵӣԼĴˡ
ܡ硪
ʱˣż׵ߡ
һůһ漴óһöǬָƵС
΢΢һ㶣ȴǴһѶϢƵԺ֮С
磬Ҫȥ죬ܵúܶ꣬Ǭָ棬öǬָʮƷԪʯս׺һƷĲзսף㽻㱣ܡ
ЩӣһܿЩԪؼңɽܹܲ鲻Լļңǽ̫ײаԵʺǱɽõҲһ
⣬ҪǵãԪӤϣ뿪򡪡֪ʶѾ˲ڼ侧ʯ֮Уʵ˱֪
УƲ¶ףأ㣬Ҳģ㽻ˡ
ЩѾ׼õģ˿Ȼ˳ƽ˴ơ
ƣȻʮŵùȻʮֺˬǴȴҲ֪أ֮ʺϲ
£Ŀˣղʱֱӳ˻ɽ
Σ׼еĵжȫ


198 顤ԪӤ
Ȼɽľ룬ɽЩңԶǶڵ׶ԣѾ⡣
ˣһһֱƬ̼䣬Ѿ˻ɽɽ֮¡
ɱˣȻ˿̼Ȼɽ֮ɱȥ˿ɱϻɽ׼ȫɱ
ݺᣬʵһֻһĽУһгһ
Ѿľ˽ĹԪľ磬ԶڽݺᣬȻ֮ȫ˵ʮҲǲܵġ
ɽ֮˿ʼ׵Ľݵͬ磬ͬӵĶߣɲǼ䣬޷Ļɽ
Ḷֱ́ӵǴݿḶ́ûκε
ۡ
ĵӱɱ˲һƬѪˮɵʱѾɽš
ƽСҺзһ˻ڻɽ֮׳ֺ飬κѺͷĻᡣ
ӻɽĽɱɽɣһʱˣ㱻ɱ
ţֶͬΣغ֡
ڱ׻Щ޷նݳڱǣȻѾվȫǿ۷״̬ˡ
׵Ľ£ױ˼Ĵ档
ʱۣתۼ䣬Ѿȥˡ
ϸ˵״˿3021ˣʵϣ磬Ҳ21ꡣ
꣬״ˣɽˮò֡
ˣÿʱ䣬ֻһʱΪ˱ʱֻʱ˵Ҫ£ȡеʱ䡣
֪һеĿ֣ʹʵģȻڶһʱĿ֣Ҳʮġ
֮ͬˣص¡
֮緶ΧժһЩ˲ҩݵݣʼ
ǰǰĻ˰꣬ʮŵҩͬԪʯҲȫܿңȥɽҽ˵Ϊס
֮󣬵һаں
69127Ķ죬˺Ĵѩ
ѩͺŰţؼ䶼һ
һ죬뿪뿪ǵʱˡ
ǵģﵽľ磬ڱǣѾΪΪˣײòʱĺ
Ϊյۣ
˶ң
һ仰˵仰֮˲ʧ¡
ͻƽĹԪ뽣龳磬˿̣Ѿѧ˲ơ
ˡܿӺң񣬾ĬĬĿѩգһʱ䣬˶ˡ

ϴսף´ѥе齣ƷһĿѪƳǿķˡ
ʥ֮УֻԪӤһʮƷԪʯһٿƷԪʯܽٵţԪţԪһţǬָһö
ɫĹâһĿռ׶ԣʵǺ
֪ʵҲ֪ľ硣
֪ϸ˵ѾԪӤǰҵľ磬ΪûԪӤ֮УڻĽƺûԪӤͷȻԼԪڡ
ֻ֪Ҫȥ⽣֮еƽ𵤵ĶҪͻνĽ龳磬Ѿˡ
ǣûоԵİգײȥðգȻײǽرǴľͻƣѶʵǺܴ󣬷ҲʵǺܸߣɹ˹Ȼãһʧˣһн׵군
ӰħǴ󴫳֮ٴε˷ǡ
ǵĶϳɽȣϣһǰ۵ĵط
վڻϣ˴羰ɣֻһܱ꣬ѾĴɫһ޼ʵįˡ
һ޼ʵį
վڻϣȻ𽥵ı͸ֱȫʧ֮С
ȻվǴ˿̣ؼ䣬ƺѾʧ
һְԽ֮ıҪһ̣׵Уһ˿Ĳ
ӿһ̣ײûпȥͻƣֻм˵˼ˣĵĺ֮У˵ģƺһš
ĵĽ𵤣һıڣûҵʶʶȴǺ׵
׾ôվţȥ¸תۼ䣬һվʮꡣ
͡
׵֮⣬𽥵˸ɫĽ⣬ˣƺԼĺͽһ㣬ӵĪĽ⡣
֮УӿȵԪϵľۼһڵĺڶѾȫ۳һͬСӤһĶ
νڽں˵ӤȴǺ˵ģһ޶
ǣȫС˵һ
ⲿĽģѾȫʵһĳһĽ
ǵģһĶ۳ΪʵʣΪһ齣ڵ֮СС齣һССʮּܣĵں֮УһŮĽԪӤһģĴڣȻš
ԪӤ飬ױ꣬׵һ
һ̣׵ģݺݵһʱ˽飬ͻ˽ľ磡
㣬龳磬ͻƣ
һ˲䣬ȫĸܵԼͽļ˵ǢԼؼļ˵Ǣ
һԽ飬ȥء
Ȼ䣬ײķ֣ԭԪڵ꾳磬֪ʱѾԪӤڣ˿񱩵ķ賤ţһ˲ͻԪӤڣ˳ǰڵľ磬ִӳǰڣϵķֱӴﵽ˳Ϻڣſֹͣ
ʵȴͣ˽ؽĵһ㣬ľ磬ҲǵͬԪӤǰڵľ硣
֪˿һ񻯣ضԪӤڵľˣʱ򣬱Ƿǰڵߣһս֮
ߣ޵ԪӤ˵õĸ֣ǿԪӤը䳹׻
ʥı׶ڱкܴŵġ
붨֮𽥵˹ȫ˵̩΢΢һ㣬׶ʱ֪ԼһվʱѾʮ꣬вЩ̾
³Ƿһ㣬ʮһ˲Ѿţ֪ԼĴѾˣ֪ˡ
׺ȥȴסĳ嶯
Σ˿ʥһЩϡٵĶһʱ˲Ƴڴ֮ҹħǴ˹ȥ
ҹħǣ벿λһɽɽ޳ȺӣӴ󷱶֮
һȥҪΪĽԪӤԹԼ
ͬʱҲΪս֮ĥԼļ
˽飬ˣӵһˡ

𡪡
ָ˱ģʮ׶ߵĽɫͷ߷ŭĶǰСߣûһΣ˵ķŭ
ףֻôĶߡ
ϵս׺սѥȫûпЧͬʥЧرˡ
սףһͨİɫۣ׵ϡ
е齣ҲͬûпκεףҲûз
׵ģ֪ˣһЩԵƫңһȥˣ˵ģӡ֮УҲģ˲١
ޣϺڵޣΪͷڣҲԪӤ
Ϻڵޣ˵ǿ󹥻ԪӤѾܺͷǰڵƴˡ
׵Ľģںһڽ޷ŭʱˣʧ֮С
ûһҲûһ쳣޿źȻʧԼǰߣ͵һ
Σյĸоһ̣޺ȻѶ˳ȥ
磬磬磬ң
޵Ĵ磬ɾڵͷߣ޵Ķ磬аͬǷڵͷߣ޵ǷҲѾﵽ˷ǰڣͬͷߣ
ޱнޣСĵܣʵҲһΪԣȴ⵽׹
˿̣˿־֮ģܴӶԷ֮ǰԷʵҪԼڶԷʧǸɲǣȴǾˡ


199 ֣֮1
ﵽ˽Ľ龳磬ڵĽ飬ѾͬʵһĴˡ
ںˣͬС˵˵ţĹơ
˿̣Ϻڵޣײûпκε򵥵͸ʹ֪˴˵Ŀ־壬˵ֺʹ˵λ硣
һ̣ײþ£߷գǴ߻رģȽԪʯԣʵԪӤӵױա
ɾˣ
׺ȻĿɴ޽޵
һ㶣漴Ŀ
ˣôûж
˲䣬һգ޶ʱʧɫѾǲ
һ̣׺Ȼ䶯ˣ۳ΪʵһĽȻֱ˳ȥͨĹԪļǿ𺳹鱾Եѹȣ˿̣޶ʱһ𣬵Ƭ̡
֮УɲǼ䣬Ѿʤ
ݡ
͵һУͬ齣˲ĺ϶Ϊһһâڽ޵ǰ
ֱ۶Ȼ˿񱩵˸ŵ绡һĽ齣ʱݺݵŽ޵Դȥ
ٶȣޱ޿ɱܣ
ۡ
һ̴޵Դ齣ݺݵһɱ˲䣬׵֣ҲֱӴ͸˽޵ķԪӤֱӾ˳
ɲǣޱѾ˲Ĩɱ
Ȼ޵ķ˵ǿ󣬵Ƕ׶ԣƷЦ
ûпǿֲƣǼ˵ķ͸ٶȣ𺳡
ң׵ʵѾ˵ǿȻ޵ķ
ˣ޶ʱھ˶ԷԪӤֱ֮Ӳһ򵥵һ󷨽ơ
ʧȥ˱壬ԪӤûʲô֮׵Ȼ򵥣ֻһ󷨣Ͼʥ˽˲õĶЧȻʮǿġ
ԣһССһ󷨣סʧȥ˷֮ԪӤԪӤȻҲûзˡ
һɫԪӤʱʧ
ޣ׶ʱΪ֮ǰ͸֮У׸ֵ֪ٸ
ֵܣʱѾγƷΣ׸Χ
Ϊ׵ĽɾԲԶգȻһĵܡ
ɾմ϶а˫Ŀ¶ɱɱĵܣɣ
޴˿̾ս״̬Ŀһ֮⣬ʱ㼫֮ƣ˲ɱ
ޣһɫսףǽɫĿһٶȼ졣
ֻǣ˲䣬ȻΣ͸Ȼʧ
ţ׶ʱĵڵĽ鱻ȫݶ֮ĽԪӤʱܱߵĿռ䣬ȴٴεγӿļ
׵ʧ˶ʱ΢΢һ㶣һɲǣױѾ˽ߣе齣Ѿһ̺ݺݵĳŽǷɱ˹ȥ
׵ٶȣг׵٣ٶҲǼ˿ֲģҽһǹ֮⣬ɲǼѹȣʹ˾΢΢һССͣ٣㳹׵ĸ׻ᡣ
˿ûп񻯣֪Ӧˣ˸Ƶ˼
齣ݺݵĳŽǷԴնɱֱӵǽľʹɱſֲ齣ݺݵĿɱ˽ǷԴϡ
أ
ϾǷɲǼѾɫԪӤҽһȴǱһⶸȻס˲ȡʥ֮С
ͬʱߵȴǷһ㣬ȻѾٴεɱ
һ̣ҲͬʱĿʥ˶ʱо˾޴ٶȶȻֱӴ޵Ŀ񱩹֮˿
˵壬ֱٴεĽ״̬Ȼ󲻶ϵľۼ
ɾͽаһ˱˫ĿĶܡ
˫ĿѾѪһƬģȻѾ׵ķŭˡ
ĬĬĵţȴһνʱ
ɵߣүү
ɾŭ˻
ڽɾո˵껰׶Ȼ䶯ˣ׵Ķˡ
ĹԪ
ӳ1000*10*3*20=60򱶵ĹٶȣٶȣټϺȻЧǿֲģ
ռݺݵŤǿ֮ʹýаȻһ˫Ŀʱ¶˼˵Ŀ־壡
ܵģһ̣롣
޴ѹʹڷ˻һ
𡫡
ս״ֱ̬ӵĻ˱״̬
ǣ׵齣Ȼ͸ռһ㣬ֱӼ˳ȥ
Խ֮ƿؽĹԪɱʽǽаָ壬ҲȻ޷ֿ
ݡ
ۡ
齣һֱӵĶ˽аԪӤȻһɱԪӤȡ˻
ʯ֮䣬аѾȻѪˮɢ׷ɿӴ壬ӿˤȥ
أ
ݺһռҲһ𶯡
һ̣ɾˣͬĶȻǰɫβֱͣͬһ㣬ݺݵĳ׵ϡ
أ
ϻɫĳ۶ȻɢһĿĹâƷǿķһ¶ɡ
ɫԪ֮ͬһȻֵĹ֣ڱǿĳҵŤֺ֮ݺݵĽǹɳ˻ȥ
һ͵֮͸սףȻݺݵĳģͬռ䣬ͬʱһ£ڵѪʱ
ۡ
ݺ³һѪһ̣Ҳŭˡ
ϡ
һ˻ȣѡ˳񻯣
ܾûùģǿ˿־ĳ񻯡
飬һܻڻһսף˽ԪӤ⣬ף˱䣬ȴǽһ
Ѫɫ˫ۣһһѪɫͭ壬ĿĵѪ⡣
ɾֲķ֮Ȼ󺧣ͬʱȴҲ׵ԷսףʱҲѪӿ
ʲôԼֵȣѾǲҪˣսף
ɾۺˡ
ӸղŵĶݽӴɾѾ֪˶Էʵԣʱ򣬼ǿԷ񣬽ɾҲû̫⡣
̶̰ЦţȻھѪһ˲䣬ɾʵͬ
СӣȻһû뵽û뵽׬ˣ
׿֮󣬸ڷҲǰٸн
ԭԪӤǰڣ֮󣬱ʵȻﵽԪӤڣ꾳ȻûӣǱʵȴ̫ࡣ
ʮ򱶵״˿Ѿûн޷ˡ
ǣκεĵ֣׵׼
ߣƾ㣡
ȻһЦֱٴεʹ˽ĹԪ
ĹԪһֶǵĹƣȻҲʵһĹ
ֻǣƺѾϵĹɾʮͻأһʱǰʧˡ
һʱΣ֮Уһʧա
ʱȴѾʥռ֮С
ʥռ䣬ǿԶʵӦģ棬ȴ޷ӦʥĴڡ
ԣ׶ԣɾνթǲ˵Լ
״ڿ״̬ȴʮֵĵ
һ̣ϳĴѶȻһ΢΢Щ֣ûùĴѶ
ʶһɨ϶ʱӿ˼ַŭ
ǰ壬ѾҪɡལš
粻ͨȻ֪Լĸ׽÷ǽҵĺ󱲣Ȼڱ˺һС
״˿ѾûĹɱǺʥ䣬ȻʱûԳƾ˵ţ״˿ҲȻ塣
ңһʵȲѣôֱӺľѪǿпʥĵڶӡˡ
£սپ


200 ֣֮2
ײټĺ޺ȥˡ
ΪڵޣɾȽаӵǿ󣬶Ϊ˽֮
аȫƾĳ䲻⣬ǶԸɾⷽȻѾˡ
װʱʱֱӵĳ˽ɾеĽҲ˲䶯ˡ
ɾһĨ֮⣬Цһʱתݺһͷǣһ̣ͷ׵Ӱȴȫ
ƵӰȻʧˣɾȴһ
һ̣аԪӤȻ䡰䡱һըɾһԪӿγһȦػǷڵԪӤըе֪
䣡
ƵһըֱӵĵĿռ˿ɾ׻һ㣬嶼ȫĵ˳ȥ
ۡ
һڵѪһεıըɾܵԼԪӤܵ˼ӴĴѾЩήҲˡ
ǣʱ򣬾޴Ĵýɾûд֮ѹ
ɲǼڽɾɳȥǰе齣һâֱӵնɱ
ݡ
âһš
ռһ𵴣Ȼһѵ
ۡ
齣ֱӵĴ͸˽ɾĿֲ壬׶ĽɫԪӤһӰ
ݡ
齣ƲȻ٣һٶɫԪӤ
󡪡
һĲҽУɫԪӤʱҪѿʱһ־ӴԪʱԪӤӡ
ûʶԪӤ׵ΪȻʮֵɱӡ
Ȼⳡս֮У׵ڵͷޣʵԿԺǰڵߡ
΢΢һ˼֪ԼǿӦúͺǰڵһ޶
ӱԪӤǰڣǰڣ֪ԼʵܿԽؾԵС
Ȼʮ򱶵ѾԵؾˣ˵Ŀ񻯣ؾ硪һľ
һзϣֱ˲ƳҹħǵĴڲȻֱӴǡ
ǣ壬׵ʵֱ˲Ƽɡ
һ̣׶ʱѾͬԭһ㣬һɫ̤齣ǵ㡣
˿̣ɱ죬ڣѾвٵӵܲ
һۿȥ֮Ůӡ
ⲿգפۿʲôһˣȴԳལںɵɣһӸָʹơ

ʮʦ㡪ħͷҺƴˣ
һʮֿɰŮӣһذ׵սѾѪ죬ݺݵĳһĵߣȻ˲ԼĽ𵤡
Գһ־Ϳ־壬ʱҪ룬ǣһҰ׵Ľ⣬Ȼ塣
ǿɰŮӣɻԼΪʲôûԱ˿̣ټȻֵˣȴǿԷΪҲһǰ
׵˵ͷȻ뽣֮Уȵô壬ȥȻݹɽ飡
ͬװֳֽȥ
ԭײûаãǴ˿̣˶ĽѾﵽ龳ףʱȫĲٵˡ
ֱֲͨƣһ˲侪˲֪ٵĸ֡
Ϊ飬ֻҪнĵط׽塣
ˣ
ɵһɫݺݵһﵽԪӤ磬ѾǺܲˣһͻԪӤڣκȻĲ˽¡
ʵǿΪ˵ĴڣɵԶ˳ȥʱŮӷ׷׼ɡ
Ȼûʲô̫ǿĸּ룬ǽԪڵĸֶˣȻˡ
ལڣһЩСɣʵǿˣ׷׼ɣΪɣ˿̣ǸһΧʱ̡
Ϊٹʱɱ̳ˡ
ǣڹۣȻԳˣӶʱһ¡
УʱҲ
ˣԼĴͽЩʧ󣬱𽥵Ҳ˵
ңһȻҲ𽥵ĥһЩеӡ
׺ɣ仯߱Ǹбߣһ֮䴩һ֪˵ŵˣࡣ
˿̣ȻʱЩһŭߺĿС֪
ǣʲôʲôˣû˵
ˣЩӡӦʵǿɣ
ǿʲôɫӣҲʲôûǿȥ

һʱ䣬жʱ
׳֮󣬶ʱһȺŮӣһ𽥵ľۼ׵ߡ
ǰ
׵뵽һ㿡һʱٸн
ϵϤλϣҲʱȻ¡
þòˣû뵽壬Ȼ䵽ĵز׳˵ϵı飬ȴ΢΢˼֡
ʹ֮ɫҧ촽ǰЩֶζӣɱˣǧѰҩĺݣ弸ʮĻҵ
ǰϣܰô˳ҽΪūΪ澣ţҲǣ

׵˵ͷЩ𽥿Ķ˵ߣȴԳ˵Цݡ
Ӵ˿Щԥ֪ò÷֣ҲˣƺǼٵģȴ뵽ˣӦѾǾɱ֮вŶԣңֻƬ̣ܽ£ˣôǿ
ӵҲԶԶĿһеģûҲû̫飬ңһ궼ѾȥˣУ˶Ѿˣ´ˣȻɽģ޼ȴûмתŵĽɫһ̣϶ǰ꣬ץסľݣŻ˵ġ
ҪȻôôΣڽ֮жû˳֣ƫƫʱأ
һ룬Ǿ⽭Ϸ뿿թֶԼһˡ
뵽һ㣬Цˡ
ɫһʱ͵һֵལڡХڡ׳ڡڵȫһɱˣԪӤʱ֣
ལڣХڡ׳ڡڣ
ʱһȺ֮ǰԵĴݿ֮ٴεķ
˿̣ȴǺȻǵһЦ
һʮϤĲЦݡ
Ӳ֪ΪΣкȻһͻһɲĸоȻĵ
ѾˣһģҧҧŬѹǲĸоԼ

ǰô졭
˿˫ĿӨ˸ס
һۺɫĳսϣѾȾѪߵϣʵȻҲܲȴҲͬزһĴˡ
壬нӣ˿ȴֻʣһǧҡ
˶Ůӣȴȫܵɱֻʣһǧˣԭ޵˵ʮֲпĴ
侲ĵҪģ㽫µĽټ󣬿żɡ
õ׵ĻظϺͽ˿
ʱдѶһȻ䣬׼սŮӵأ΢΢һͣȻٵķ˻
ԭ嵽Щߣ˿һ£Ҳ׷׵ɱ
ȻĿĲ˵ߣһ˿̵Ц
һۣʥʱŴ󣬻һ͸Ļ֣ȫػһ̣׵ϣѾסǽɾ׶ߵѾٱըԪӤڵ޵ĽҪըԪӤ
ڵ޵ԪӤըǶȽڵĸ֣⧲£Ҳ˱οЩŽԪԪӤڵߣ


201 峾
ԪӤըҲһط˶ˡ
طһǰĽ̵ߵʱطȴͨһȫϤ
󷨷棬ҪǾԵʱ䣬Ȼһ󷨵ĲΣȴҲûа취飬ϾҪ;Եģڿ޽ĹУ׸ûоȥ󷨡
Щ֪ĳһȺˣû޵ԪӤ׶ԸȻЩ鷳Ҳʲô
Ȼ϶ҧ󣬵ھԵʵǰֻҪǬʽһ׿Կ϶д󲿷˶˲䱻ԼĨɱ
ȴЩ¶Լʵʵȴǲֵõġ
ԣײ
ͬϣһŵĶ׵ıӰǸʮֿɰŮߣȴüףЩĪĵǡ
۶ڿʲô쵽ʦ
յСͽѾ뿪Լһж飬վԱߣּһ˫鶯˫ףﵣİΣʱ˵
Ŷʦλǰ°ɣ
֮ǰ׾һʮֵĸм˿ּһߣʱҲɺǵǡ
İɣǰµġ
ɰͽЦһ£ɵľ޴ˣЦֻǴһ¡
۶׵ıӰҧ촽ȴҲû˵

һȺɱǰײûмڶ֡
һȺܼʱֶȻ䶯ˡ
кȻƾճһɫĹâɾԪӤȻǺܺõɵĶһ̣ȴǸõ
׽֮Ԫʱӿ󷨣ԪӤһѹ֮ԪӤʱű״ɫķɽһ㣬ʱ˳ȥ
ǿֱӵĴֲƿ֮
ݡ
һɫĹâȺ߶ʱɫ䣬׷ױһó
ֻǽȺ֮УȻ͵һ𣬺Ȼըѿ
䣡
һڵԪӤըըĲһȺߣҪǣӴıըֱѹЩ˵壬ʹڵĽ𵤵ȣͬʱ˱ը
ǣһĿֲıըһ̷ˡ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡
ıըһߵıըϵӣֲıըʹռ䲻ϵĺ



һĲҺֲ֮İź֮ǰ˻γһƬѪͶϱ۲֫ɵĿռ䣬һƬƬ߾ôĵˡ
ڵ޵ԪӤըԪӤǱѹģıըȻû˳ܵ
޴ľǰײûжһӣʱʥػʱһɫĹâ˸һ£Ȼľʱȫ伣ˡ
ʱԶһн߼ȫⱬը֮Уģڶǧˡ
ǧˣҲȫǶϸ첲֮ˣżģʵҲǺܸߣֻΪĿ죬źңԶѡ
š
ལᡢХХﶡ׳˵ߣĿǾĹ
ˣѾ֮ǰս֮вȻ
Ŀ˫ָ󣬳Ĭ
˵֮գһ֣Ҳĺزʵȥǣסӣȥǧ˻ɱ
ʮֵĵͳ˶ʱѾɢһֺǿֲɷ
ʱ򣬳ХﶺˣɫЩ䣬ȴҲûжԣǹǣţ
˶һۣȴǶپЩκͺ֮ɫ
ˣȥװԼܣߣ
о룬ɵʵ˾ǲ÷Ǵ˿ȴǲͬˡ
˿ɾ˲أ⴫֮еˣѾˣ
ԣʱĵ׾ʮֵķŭε֣صҲȫ㵽ɵͷϡ
˳׵ʱȴǺȻ䷵ͬʱɱȥ
ħͷɺɵĹϵѾ˺ܾˣ
˵ĵòȻ֪֮ģΪнĬĬݷڵߵԼˡ
ǣ֪ΪǾ˵ʵ֪Լûл·ԲűҲ˻·
ȻĿһг̬ݣλֻɱӣҲŭˡ
ǣԭɱһЩɣǻɱ
ܼ򵥣ܻңǺܶ˳Żңܡ
ֻǵȻĿһУֻҪܣһԼԷĽ㽫ԷһĨɱ
йĽʹó֮оһ
Ϣ𽥵ĸЩ˵ͷÿƺҲӵķ
ɣӣģ
ÿж뷨Ƿʱ˾ͱó嶯ֻ֪ɱ
һ̴һɵӣһɵȴǴӱ̴˵Ľ𵤡
вʣݺݵԼĽ𵤣һը𣬷ףٴαըɡ
ңӣһ̣սˣͬӣ˲伫˲Ƶ롣
ԭһжݵһƶѣʱӵҲ׷׷ɢܿ񱼣ͼܡ
Ǹһ˿Ц⣬һֱԽľĵ߲㾳磬ݺС
齣ֱӼݺὣ⣬ؽɱ
ǽһ㣬־֯ռ֮ݺύ
һʱ䣬ҽ
ѪģʬߣȵѪ֮ϴӿ׹䡣
壬˿Ѿȫı޴ѪȾ
ױˣֱ˲Ƴ˵ǰ
Ըˣ׸Ҫ
Ϊ㣬ߣһǰɱ桪
ôˣ
Ц
ˣߣҸ㣬Ĵ峾ѾˣΣǸҳ֣ںȻǣΣˣ
ӺȻаЦĿʮֺ
΢΢ĲţߵХﶳˣȴͬ۶ףȴ͸©ŲͿ־塣
ײû˵Ļ浱ԪӤھ磬峾峾һ־˲٣峾ﵽ˿ֲĴڣ׶⡣
޵ԪӤڣڣǾżҲ
ֻը㣡
£Ц֮ӼǿͰȻԼĴ֮׾Ͳ֪ʲô£
£ʲô
ɣ
ɨһۣûʲô峾档
ֱ䣬ֺȻֶ࣬ʱֱ֮նɱ˳ȥ
Ӷʱݺһ̳ȴȻ֣һֱƵһӰ
һʱоһѵʹ࣬ʶʱ
Ӵ󾪣ԪӤݳԪӤ֮һټȥͼûԪӤ
ڳԪӤǼ˴ģȻӵǿΪûκεķͿ˵ɢҪѸٵҵһ
ǣһնɱʱѾϵܣͬնӵĺʱѾһ򵥵
أ
ݺײڽϣԴһΣоѾ
׶Ȼˣ˲ӵԪӤ
ᡢХﶺ죬ûκη֮ӵԪӤ˲Ĩɱ
ǣ׸˺Ȼëĵ𣬶ʱʶһʥĿռ֮У
Сӣɱҵܵգˣ
ͬװըһ쳹ؼ䣬նʱѣһɫս׵ߣĿݵվʧĵط


202 ɢɵ
峾ϼһŶģ׶ʱŭˡ
һ̣׳˽ǰĿĶ峾ЦЦźڣҲ񣬴Բѣ
Ŀⶢ峾棬û˿ĸ顣
峾ɫһ䣬һ˫ӥĿףĿݡ
ˣ
ײûлشֻǵȻ֣ʱȫûеֿģȫȡʥ֮УУʱ徲
׵Ķ峾ɫһ䡣
峾ڱչصĹؼʱ̣Բûгأûмֵܵһ棬Լĵܵˣ˶ˣˣ峾һֱ˲ǺԼֵܵס
Щν˵õʵǿǰˣ峾ûеģڼٵƣȷʵоˣ˿ȥģӦķȥġ
ԣˣ峾ûзϡ
һ꣬ԾԵٶ˺ڣӺǰͻƵľ磬ٶȾǼ˵Ŀˡ
ңһЩǿߴ󲿷֮󣬻ʲôĶ֣
㣬ٴεİ
һΣȻõŵĴѶ峾ɱȻĳ˹û뵽ԷԼĨɱԼĺ󱲵ӣһһɱ˸ɵλš
峾ʮֵķŭ׵Ŀʱ峾Ҳһ
ǹͲмĿ⣬峾Щ
⻹ǵһ㲻ĸо
峾涢ף㻰ʲôףĪΪ濴ΪߣСѣ
峾治м˵ȴǼ𺳵ģ͸ԷΪͬԷӰӰٵĲӰҲо
ĸоʵ̫ˣ
ңԷ׵ĵˡźڶѣȻ䣬峾ĵһ˿⡣
ǣжڼ䣬ݾ⣬峾ȴصĺܺãûбֳ
ôˣ
׵Ȼ˵һ죬ԭѾʧ齣ȻС
ڣǴ˿̿񻯣׶峾Ķ֡
ǿ񻯺ȫķټӰȵĳ䲻͵ϮҲһɱǰˡ
ңһôڻᱩ¶ıʵ
ǣôֻ޵ԪӤըԽĨɱˡ
Ϊһڵ޵ԪӤ׾úֵܲã
ֻǣΪǰ齣еķţ׵֣Ѿס޵ԪӤȻ޴˿̲ûԳ
ǺȻֵĿֲƣȴʹ峾ĵľˣ
ңһֿ־֮𣬱ǰȻӵ
ôˣ
򵥵֣Ǿһ㣬ݺݵĺը峾Уʱ˼ֵĻҡ
׼޵ԪӤȥ峾Ĩɱʱռ΢΢Щɫ䣬ȴ˲
иֳˣңʵǲף
˲䣬׶ʱܵһĨϤϢϤϢƺ֮ǰ
ǿʶԼǿĽӦ׶Ȼܸܵ˵Ĵڣܵˣ׵裬Ȼˣǰ񣡡
˵ĺϣȴǽѾջʥ֮С
ˡ
ѣɢ˺Ȼ׵ǰ
ŶʮֵľϲĵˣºͱΪѰ㣬ܱλˣżæ
ʱռһѾһɵĵɫս׵ıͬǾϲ
ˣڻˣҵĺÿడ
Ҳ׵ǰʮֳϿҶ˵
϶ʱԳһֵЦݵǵ⣬Ҹܵˣɡ
˶ʱվһһҵš
һ̣峾ȫɵۡ
ˡСС֪ˡȥɣ
峾Ҳ֪Լ군ˣǿɢ˵ĸֳʱΪǰԸ˵ģеʱǸˡ
ȴǲ룬գۼ䣬˵ĸֶΪ˵£峾ȫĴˡ
ɢɣһɢɣʲôʵ
峾ȫɵˣǣҲ֪ΣӲˣΪԼΨһĵܵܣ峾ĵҲù
̬װģʱ峾ʱԼԪӤס
ֻǣѾɢˣǲмһһӣһԪֱ˲䴩͸峾塣
Ӱһʱ峾ԪӤ㱻ɢһץ˳
أ
ֱһ̣峾壬űը˿
ԭĻûˣʱ󾪣׷ɢֻǣһۣɢһ˿еĽ𵶶Ȼٵ𵶣ֱӽȫһ
ռ侲ԶԶߣʱҲ׷׵ĳ׹֮Щķˡ
ףŵȻĿɢ˺ˡ
ˣ͵ĽȻһ𣬱ûȻҲһĻ
ֻ֮УһĻǵĴ̫
ȵʧǰ˻ָ˲֮󣬱ε뿪ˣţǿף׵ȥˣһ뷨ѡ
Ѱǧ꣬һεļˡ
ɢ˺ĻжҲù˼֡
ԭˣܵǵĹգһټ˵ѪЧ֮ԣ׵ģҲˡ
ˣȻûоȴ
ӹɢ˵ĺڵ峾ԪӤѾû˵ʲôֱӵȡ
ʱײһ֣ų˽ˡ
ЩһѪɽʹ˿̿տҲʱҲЩɵۡ
ǣЩǴ˿̲ýŵеĹ
ЩµӣײҲЩΣЩˣеĻǽȻԼĸ׵汲ͬŽõӣ𱲷ҲԼ˲٣ļ¹򣬻Щġ
ǿΪƽһҲ̹Ȼˡ
Ľűܽٵ˳ֱӵĸɢ˺һһţҲûбܿ˵Ŀ⡣
ܺãѵǶģǵ٣Ҳ쵽ˣŰɡ׺ƽ˵
ܽٵ
˾һ׷Ҳ˶Էеļ˵ľϲ;ȡ
һ̣ͱǲãǹˣô꣬¶ûΪ˾ľǧǰǱûۿ弸ûܼʱϵʵ򲻸ȡ⿰ıܽٵ
ǰˣǲԡ
˵ı֣ʹ׺⣬Ϊܺ͸ǽһ˿ĺ͸ȷʵֵţȻҲôĴ󷽡
ȻΪԼ֣ȻúõƴˣϾԼҪޣ磬ٲҪʵġ
ԪӤֻʹһΣûǿʵܿᱻ˿ơ
ԣҪģǿ£úʡ
úҿˣǾţ裬ûֻٹ꣬һپҪˣôңҲ֪ԼѾȫûӦٵԷһɡ
Ӣ
һ죬еһУȴ׵˫ۣɾ׸ǿ
뵽죬ֻЩ
׵ȻһЦ͸ûзͷԼ˵ǰôĺãƼ䣬˱ܱԼ𺳵Ҳ˲١
ͱˣҲЩøУ˶Ҳ
Ž˻صţڣҲûнٷˣʼؽɽš
ȴѡʥ֮
תۣȥˣһΣһ磬پѹϵƲԽԽ
ĵĴɢ٣Ȼ٣
о٣Щ򶨵裬ȫЩ֪ˡ


203 ֲ
٣ʮ԰ʮһף˵ֿܵʮ԰ʮһףѾ˲ˡ
ɢ٣Ҳ٣ֻоų԰ʮһ׶ѡ
һΣĴεɢ٣ȴǳıٵĳ̶ȣʵûа취ԡ
һֱߣ˿ȻҲЩļȴҲҶ˵ʲôϾﲻæȻҪ׵̬ȵġ
ɵ죬ȻܿҪˣ΢΢׵裬ҷĶ٣ʱҲʹñܽٵβŵĴεɢٱѾ٣ԺֻЩԼҪ׼
Σ㿸סˣԻʹ㿹
˶¶ɽ¶˵࣬úõΪ˰£
ǳϿҵ˵ţ˿̣ײȥûʲôԹԡ
ߣһĴĵǱһЧҵĳзԵĺġ

˳˽ｭýϲСͽ֮⣬֮ˣû
ȻۿٶŲٵİ٣ƻȷʵǿ󣬶֮ǰҪ豾ĻҲ˼޹ģԽҲûдôˣҲȻ׵ͬġ
£һҵ̶̶ܣЩݵȣЧ̫á
£Ȼһֱǰţ׵ʶΧ֮ڣǰһƬĵأҲûʲôˡ
һ˺ܿĳڻĵ֮
ĵأҲ˵Ͽ֮еһ꣬ƽ̹ЩߵӲݡ
ĵ֮ϣ΢΢һЦ裬ڴ˴ɣ˺󡣡
ǣˡ
ｭͽ˾Ϊˣ˵֮꣬űһ˺ǧ׾롣
׽ʥӳһƣסĶŽʥ˳ȥָʱϣɵѪȡٶȹָ֮ǻеĽĹϵģ򲻵ѣʹýָֿ٣
赱лӹָ΢΢Ӧʱ˾һ𾪡
Ҳֻһٴγ׹һΣе
ײû˵ָʲôƷΣȻȴѾ˳ָĿֲ
һǧĹЧ
龪ķбʶʥʶģҪᣬֻɱˣҪɱףû
һж׸ģеķ˲ãҲûж˿̰֮ģΪһ㣬Ȼܽ˷㲻ԼֶΡ
Ϊʵ˰Լ趼ѾʮֵĸжˣԸʲô̰֮ġ
ı֣жʱ˲٣裬ûʧлǱȽϸ˵ġ
ѵõıһȽĵ£˵Ƚĵѡ
Ƕ˾һϣױѾûеˡ
Ҳ˵ߣλŮӣ߷˿мλøס
˿̣Ҳûôı¶ˣһеţʮֵĵ壬һѾһƷսףеĽ𵶣Ҳǽ˵Ʒ𵶣̶Ȼرߣ׸оõѾܲˡ
ˣΣǲûʲôΣˣСʵΪޣʱ޷ƵЩġ
΢΢ͷ⻹ҪԼҲǸı֤Ҫȹ٣ԼҲҪһľ򡣡
ʱ㲻˵ˣΪϵǰѾ֪費ˡ
ʱĵǣֻǵȻЦЦûжԡ
ʵϣ飬ڲ֪֮룬ȵˣȴЩ԰ˡ
֮УƺΪ˱ܣֻԼ¶Ĳ֪ˡ
Ȼ֮ϣȴҲȻˣרע֮еŮڸϣ࣬ڸӵ֪Ӧӵĳٶۡ
һ£˼ȴǱĽ׸ǣ
٣Ĳ𣬱ĳ̶ȣһںھܲˡ
𵤾磬һ𣻶ԪӤ磬һ𣻺ھ磬𣻶֮󣬱ľŽˡ
ֻǣһˣޣȻܲ𣬵ǳģҲֻԪӤڲⲿǳܲġ
ԣûǿҲ޷ܵġ
һΣڽ֮аȻҪģԻϣһܶȽŶᱻյֻʣ²ԪӤҪôɢɣҪôֻֻˡ
ǣö𣬶׶ԣҲֻ壬Ϊ𵤾ʱױͷų𣬶ԪӤڣڵĻ棬Ѿﵽ˿ֲľˣ
ƽʱڽ׾ʹõ壬ԣ׵¡

͡
ɫ𣬰һɫĽףպХš
ʱһһ׳ɫ磬ʱ˺գγһֲĹ֡
ӵĺϯɣպȻ쫷硣
ء
ͬǺķϵĺХţϵŰĺƶʱ쫷ϯͬѵĿռ䣬һһѿ
ЩƲм䣬ԳɫĹĹâ
ٵĹâ£γɫĹ㣬ȻۺһγͬһӴĴ׳ĽףȻݺݵĳԴ˹ȥ
ǡ
ݺݵһըϵƷս׶Ȼ˿ɢɡ
ۡ
һףѾһɺѪ
ɫһ䣬һɫĳͷ
ʱһֲĽ׺ը¡
ϡ
һȴǳʱɫĻ涸Ȼڽ˿γ㡣
Ž𵶣ɫ˼ֲ԰ף棬ȴԽԽ͡
䣡
һףԸӿֲƺըɫʱ԰ֽϵ𣬶ʱͬ˵Ⱦˮķһ㣬һ֮£ʱϵĵ
εδ𡪡
ֲĻ棬ֱӵĳѾûսػ塣
һͷĽ𵤺ݺݵһʱѾȫб
ϣɢſֲζ

ҺһȫȻֲĽɫԪɲǼ䣬𱻵˳ȥͬըһ㣬ڵϺ󣬺ݺݵը
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡
ϵĻرըҲϵпֲĽ಻ĺը¡
һֻӳһɫԪֵ֣Щƾļ䣬ʮֽǵĿһС
ףҲʮֵ𾪵ġ
٣򵥵ٵıÿһ׵ٱҽ׵ĿҲı
оֲĽûм϶ĿըǲҵĿ֧ţҲһ裬
׵źݺһҧʥͷ
һ߲ʵĻֶȻǰ
ǵѪȡʹõĸӷ㣬ֻʵҪǿ󼸷֣һ֣߲ʵĻֶʱСγһԲεĻ֡
һ׺֮ĺը˹һ̣ݺݺڻϵʱ򣬻ֺȻһΣ˲ָα䣬ǽ׺ݺݵķ˻ȥ
ͬĽף٣һ׺ը¡
ĽףȥĽףڿ֮󣬿񱩵ը˿
ǡ
Ȼ䣬Ϸһֲĺڶһ׺ը£ʱڶ˸ס
һ׺ը£ֱ͵ڶƴըռѣɵס
ˣǹγѭ
׿ǹȦ֣ʱҲһ㶣漴ϲʵǿ֮
ⲻǽ˵ĹȫתΪôǿĹܣԼȻڲ֪


204 ĳ嶯
һĻг֮⣬Ҳвٵľϲ
ȻҲ֪ⷴͬսһ㣬ֿܵһĳ͸ܴݵϵġ
Ƕʵʮǿ󣬼ǽһǧҲͬɱ˵ġ
״̬Ȼ𽥲԰׵ϣɿÿһεನ͸ִ𵴹ʱǸо϶Ҳǲܵġ
Щ׶ʱҲ׵ʥȷǿҲûдﵽ𾪵ĵز
ʵȫлֵԼ⻤зǱ͵ĲֹȻ͸֣ݵԼϣʵСҲȻԽԼɱ
Ͼʵ̫ˡ
ǣڻֳ֮˲뷨֮У˺˵ˣԼ˰ȫĵطʥҲʮ˲õġ
Ȼԭĵˣ˿̾Ȼ
ٲϵĺըţһֱѭȻÿһΣǿȣǲµôǿ޼ıըʹÿռѣܳ־ĺڶ׸ɵ
˲ϵѭʱҲ֮ϵš
ȻѾûͽ˾໥֮䣬Ҳ𽥵˻ϻӣ
ܿ죬һɹۿ֮У𽥵˻ȥ
յıѵĺƣ𽥵ľۺɫĹâ𽥵ڸռ⣬Ҳ𽥵ʧˡ
ƹʱҲȡʥ䣬ȻĬĬ֮ϡ
ʱһɫĴ˿˿绡˲ĺ˵ϡ
ɢȴûκεķٽ׳
һףٽס
ɫĽףʱӿڣһεĳɫֻһεɫ˲٣ҲǰĿֲ֮⡣
ɫһ͸֮УҲһıš
Ϊɢɣ˿̵ЩͬĴ˿ȴǽǿȲϵţ׻Ĵ£꣬Ҳõ˼ǿɱ䡣
ɢɣĽɢɵľ磬еľĳ̶ȣڴӴ˺ڷ˾ת䡣
͡
ɫĻ˸ţҲ𽥵ı϶ǿرƵ𽥵ת䣬ڲԶˣǸܵʮС
֮󣬹Ȼʵǿ֮˿̵裬ֻͨɢɣѾ´ˣ
и̾ţͬʱҲ֪ʵԽǿԼҲԽ˳
٣ежԵʱ򣬵طʵ̫ǿñ֡
ٹƬ̣ѾٽףҲԵʮֵˬˡ
վ弡ⱩǣҲһĲȻĺʱ㱻˳ңһ̣Ҳ˳һĹ
һһƷսףʱ˲Ʋϡ
εЦЦǰ裬лˣԽ𡪡
Ǻǣˣɣ⣬Ѿס
΢΢һЦҲûжñֽ
裬ҲĽʥ˳ĨȥԼľѪӡǣȻ󹧾Ľס
ֽӹʥ䣬ֱӽԼڡ
ţȻѾȽٳɹҲûúҲŬˡ
׿˿ǹǿƣʱ˻ڳſѵˣͷһܡ
ˣչؿޣһػɣͲ߶ŵıչˡ
ˣ壬רŵó԰ȫĽҡ
Ǻǣǵˣ߰ɣȥɡ
˽Ļױֱӵ˲Ƴ塣
ǣϾͳײ
ű˵ĳ֣׵裬ڵȥɡ
ˣڵ򣬽ԵǣҪʮŲƴͣǱߵĸֺܶ࣬²ţȽʧܣǽݺġûһʵ¸ԸȥԵǡ
ǰˣȻǶﵽɢɵľ磬ǳԵһʮֵŨֶܶȥʮֵĸӣԶڵЩСԱġ
ʱҲ˵ģǶĵǡ
뵽׵ʵĵǣ˲١
ȽٱݺǸʲôģЩ˼Ƚپʱ򣬻ƣһֱ˷ŭ顣
ţŵһжѣҲżȻõģΪУɽƺʹ·˵֮Уʲô֮塯ʮǿķֻû֪б֮Ҳûбɽʹߣʧˡ
֮壿һĵⶫѵǺ̬Ķɣ
ⲻ˵ʵ޷ڳԵ㣬ûǰʵˡ
һ㣬ȴǲ˵
ǣԷѾȫԼЧˣܣȴȻš
ţǱǿްɣ֮飬֮˵ҳֲǲܰ㱨𣬵ȴʧȥ壬ԼĳޣֻԼ壬ˣֻߵı֡
׵Ȼ˵
һ죬ԭ׳ֵͷʱĥˣ֮²ӽ󣬶ȻһĿޡ
л˵ľԡҲ
ʱҲɫһ죬΢΢ЩΡ
Ҳ֪ײҲûμƽϡ
룬׵˶跴ǽʥ֮ɣǿܶࡣ
˵ϲ֮Ҷ˱ûз֮ģʱ׸Ǹм
һӣ˵㱻ʥ䣬һһֿռ㱻ԹǱޡ
ף˿ȴǶԽţǶŰɣҲҪ뿪ˣԺѣֱӴѶңµˣҲ˻ǵģ
Ҳغҿ뿪Ҳ͡
׵Ȼ˵ֱ꣬˲ƳǵĴȻһʱٴεĳҹħǡ
һһεĳɽ
룬ֱӵĽŸչصĵط
ȻͻԪӤ磬ΪʵԭҪ㣬ʵѶ̫󣬶ң˵ͷȥˣǱ˷ʵ⽫Ǻܲҵһ¡
ԥţ׾ٴεıչؿޡ
ңἰʲôк֮ĶҲ׵ľ
ţ޷ˣҲӦøԼһЩָġ
ν壬ѾֹӦúϵ󣬵ⶫȴӦúЩӵпֲƿйء
ҪѰĶֻٲҪһȺˡ
˵ţΪǿǿ󣬵ڳԵǣ֪кܶ˲Լˡ
ˣ׾һεǱĿޡ
׳˼ţʱóԪǽ޵ԪӤԼʵˡ
ҽ棬ҲȷʵЩչˡ
٣ҪǿֲĿ齣齣ѧϰɹ
齣ӦģԪӤڵ֮ľ磬ԣ׶ԣʱȥģȻҲе
֪Լൢ鼸ӣ˾Ҫѹӣȴӣʹ༸ӣ
˿ܣ󷨣㿪ʼĶ
룬һ׶ʱʧģһ̣ױʥ֮С
һ齣ʱǰ
Ŀⶢ齣йɽԼĽƵ齣֮еĳ嶯


205 齣
ڽԣ˽飬˿Ҳĳ̶ֳϣ൱һ
ֻǣĽϣ齣֮е뷨ʱ׶ʱѾˣѾѡΪĹˡ
죬Ѿѡ˷ɽΪУǰ콣
ˣľʱ򣬲ûжٵѶȣҲԼǿҵĳ嶯
Ƕ׶ԣһֱֻ齣ȷɽĽ鲻ϵĴͬһûѡĹ̡
ԣḶ́Ҫʱ򣬱ƫ
ƫԷɽΪΪɽĲ
Ĳȫٰܸ֪ܵսȥһ⣬ǲôһʱָôȥ
Ž龳磬֮ķ棬нͽǵȾ磬ָ
϶ǣ鵽굽ǵľ磬ı䣬Ҫںľ絽֮УֻҪһ㣬ԼѾ˽ԽΪĲΡ
Լٽ齣֮Уʱ䣬齣˵ԼƷĿֲ൱ھżɵʵһнں̵ܶʱʵ֣ǣ֮أʵ˵Ŀ٣һɽ𣬱ѱ޸ңɽһѡˣҪ÷ɽѶǿġ
ǣѡΪɽôѶȻͬǿ󣬵ֻҪô֮Ͻ֮нأŸǿɱ
Ͼǽٺãܲ羫Ŀǿ
룬ˣǿеһȻѹǿҵĳ嶯
ȻʱѡΪˣһ̣ȴûȻţ׼û
Ϊһ㣬뷨ĿҲòô齣ҲƺиӦһ㣬׸о齣˿
׵ߣҲǸп˵齣˴ģ˲֪ѪһҪƼٵάÿյд
ңÿʱʱ䣬ϻָʵʱ䣬ҪȫףѪǿֲġ
ɽԣҲܸܵ˵ŻѪ׵Ѫȡʱ򣬺׵Ĵﵽ˼ߵĴ̶ȡ
Ϊͨ㣬׺Ȼоϵսѥ齣̶ȣȻ䶼ﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮĳ̶ȡ
һͬʱҲȻ򵽣дɹˡ
ǣ̣׸ûҪȥʲô
ǣ˵Ŀģս׵壬дһ̣Ч
к𺳣һ㣬׵ģǷɽľһ
ٸн׵ķƽ
Ȼѡɽһֹ̺ͽôѡӦͬһѡͽѡɽûʲôͬ
Ȼʹ׻Ȼʡ
ĽȻ԰ԭĹȥҪκεĸģ
лȻ׶ʱЦʱѡ
һױĿ
һ飬ھ޴Ľ֮ϣϯ׵꣬𽥵İ˽ں˵ԪӤ֮С
׻һһĪĸоȻͺ˵꣬ȻһǬ֮һ㣡
ܷ˼ĸоҲܾ˵ĸо
вûж룬ֻôĸŽں˵ԪӤ꣬Լ꣬ȫں˵ԪӤ֮С
ԪӤ𽥵ܻ˵ģ׵ģȻ𽥵Ľ׵
׵΢΢һһɱ㺳Уþòɢȥ
˵ʲôܸо˿̣ƺһڷǬ׼һĶԪӤӤĶͷϣҲһı־ӡǡ
⵽һ֮ȥܣһиоѾʧˡ
ЩտյģҲ֪ǲһ̶ʧʲôǻʲô
ǸоܹǺܹġ
һ޷̸һʱһʶŽ飬ȻԾ
Ȼʧȥһ㣬ȫĺͽϵ
һ̣׸оԼǿֲ
һ̣׸о˳֮Ľ飬ӵŻԵĳ
ǵģ˿̵Ľ飬ѾʵһĴڣԵǽɫССһת壬ȴǳֳһ̽ģڣʮֵӴȻں˵ĽԪӤǱػεģûκεΣտԡ
Ҫƽ飬ػĪµĺ֮ػ£嶾֮Ϳֲĳַ֮£ţ죬һԼĽ飡
ĸоԲҲ޵ķʸĸоǻĲԼеģ
˿̣˵ȫԼһСĶ̽齣С͵һ㣬ǣͰ⣬ȴǼ˵Ӵ
׿Լµ״̬ԱΪƷѾ齣ип漫
죬ԵŰĽ˽齣꣬ǽǣʵ˲ã
̾ţײ뵽죬Ѿ֪ûѾ˰콣֮У˯
Ȼû˵ϤչˣҲˡ
һƻָȻҲ磬ֻǣײ֪ܲܵȵǸʱ
֪콣ѾļˣǣɽǿȻûĺá
лᣬȻᴫ쵤ֻǣĻᡭ
عԼ鶸Ȼ˳ȥһ˲ٴεռԼ
һεĸоױЩͬˡ
ʲôĲͬ޷ݳǴ˿̵ýһ˲Ľˡ
֮ȫһȫƺΪ˽һ㡣
ĸоʵǺǹ죬׼ĸоҪԤϵĺò١
ٴεĽԼƿأƺ˲٣ڽ׸һֱһľ֪һ㡣
΢΢һЦһУʱ֮ǰϵĽ顣
ɫĹâɫ߲֮ɫĵɫĵ绡ƺʱţĹΣſֲơ
һ̣Ľ飬ѾʵһĴڣ׿Ľ飬ʱɱǶôǿ
ذ״СĽɫ飬׵֮ϣһ鼤ռ䴫˼ƿ֮
ݡ
ǿֲֲƿ֮ǼһɫӰʹ׵м˵ľ
齣ԭˣ
׶ʱȻʣһ˲ʱˡ
ν齣ڶ㾳磬һּ򵥵ؽ̶ϣ˽ȥܻΪں꣬ȻȫԪǿĽںϳΪʵʽ飬ںػԪӤ꣬ΪһֲֿĹֶΡ
㣬һ£Ҫ鹥ֻҪ䵱һɽ꼴ɡ
Ͼ鹥һ̶ȲǿôʱǽĽ֡
ǽķǿᣬô޴ɱһķɽƥеģ
е𣬶ʱ΢΢һЦΪ廯ĺԼ嶾֮ںϵĽ飬һ֣齣ǿƷ£ɼ⽣ǿȡ
ʱ̣ײĽ
Ϊ㣬ϸСĺɫУǶյĺð֣
ССУȴ˾̾ģʲôԪӤֻҪһܱۣ޷۲ĲСиɵ
֮ǿԶԶ׵
ٴεĳģ׿ʼֱɵǽ޵ԪӤȻһ㲻Ӵӵ⣬һԪ

һɼȵӿȫʱ෴ôʹˣ꣬׵ķ˿ʹ㲻ôǿҡ
꣬Ȼ󲻶ϵ㣬Ҳʼӿ˿ֲ
ɫ𣬼ʢĴ׵壬ҲǿҵĴŵɫĽ顣
͡
ɫĽ飬ڻ֮ȸԾţζţ΢΢һһƬɵһɹɺڽ߻ƣſֲͬʥϵ


206 Ĳͷ
֮Уײûиܵ˵ʹ࣬ԡʵĸо
ָоǿҵӿţƺ꣬ЩĪ˷ܡ
մһһʹḶ́ǵʵĸоеʱ⣬ǲġ
һֺ齻ڵ˼һֿ֣Ŀ֣ʹ׶ʱ򵽣һ·ûߴ
ԼϲĽԼϲ˵Ľľ磡
һľ磬ҲһΪ֮ľ磡
齣ĸо֮Уϵĳ
һ̣ûԼҪʲô磬ŵ֮⣬һУ׶ûȥ롣
һ̣Ŀ֣û̵꣬Ҳûһʵĸо
֪ĽԼ̤˽
֮ǰһнǾĲΣڣȴ˾ĲΣһǻһȴ
ǰʹ࣬ļᶨȴû뽣УûڽĻ֮ʹࡣ
һḶ́壬ȴǿްԽ֮
ǣȴȻļᶨ˽֮У꣬ɾ˽飬Ȼ飬ֻͣĲΣûдﵽġꡯĲΣ⣬ȴѾ˽֮Уԣʹ಻٣ȡ֮ģǼ˵ʵĸо
ǰľ֮Уʱ׶ԣȫĳ޵Ķײûεȥע
Ļ棬ϵĴ׵ֲϵıյ֮УȻֳ֮⣬ϵĴ
ɫĻ棬ͷβһֱûͣЪ
׵ģȫĺͽһ𣬽ں֮УԪӤͬһλ֮ĽϴһƷսսѥȻֳһ齣
ԭӦóϵĶ˿ȴǳ˽ϣȴΪ⡣
ϵĴţһɱţ׵ģҲ𽥵Ĵֿľ֮ƽ
Ϊˣ׵һֲʵ̬
СڽϲлὫ⽣ߵľ磬Ȼʮֵϲģ
ңڽǾھŲ֮󣬺ĹѾȱʧԣĹҪȥ졣
ף߶ȣԼȥĽҲʮֵڴ
ʱţ֮УЩġ
ϵɫ棬𽥵ıϡˣȻһĵһεĽ׵ڡ
һΣڣҲûٴεĳɫ
һ̣ڸоں˺ڵﵽһֲı͡
ɵԪӤԪܼ򵥵ģѾɺա
񣬾εĴǿ̶ȣֱǷ˼ģֱӿԿƷˣ
ĳ̶ȣǿޱȣͣεĴǱ͵Ҳ˿־ġ
ںˣԪӤѾʮƣѾֳνġϡͷˡ
ںˣ͸ѶϢѾﵽԪӤڡ
齣棬Ѿɣĵأ龳ĵڶ齣ĴɣҲʹĶӦʵԪӤھ磬õ˿϶
齣ɣҪĵ㾳磬ƿգѶҲʮֵĴ󣬴˿̣ɵİնûУ㵱ͣ˲
ȻʵӦԪӤھң֪ʵԲ˵ĺΪ֮󣬹ǽ鹥ĹǾǿֲģԸľΪԪӤڵľ硣
ûнʱױ֪Լɱڵ֡
˿˽飬ţǺڣȽǰڵߣһнԷɱ
ǵģɱ
ڽ飬ż˵ţ֮ţ֮ͻϮʲôɢ֮Ŀֲ֣ҲԼĶˡ
ʵѾ֤ˣһ޵ԪӤܣ
һͬɽһ㣬ֱڿһȻվ˵ϡ
ƿغ磬׵ĸоȴЩ˵Ĺ죬ƺԼ壬Ѿһ˵һ㡣
飬ĸоҲˣȻѡԼ嵱ɷɽ廹ģ񾭵ȷƺû𣬻øӵǿ
ԣӦԼ״̬󣬷ӵ˲١
΢΢չһ壬һΣȴûдı֮Ȼ֮ǿ˲˼ĵز
׿˿֮жѻһϸСĻҳ΢΢һʱӦһȻصһʱĲ̹˲١
ԭδԪӤǰԪӤڣֻʱ䡣
׿ôӦҲģǳ֪Ż꣬ȻǸˡ
ʱԽ٣ܵ˺Խ٣ܵʹĥҲԽ١
ţһʱս׶ʱԼϣУʱҲ齣
ںˣԪӤϴ˿еĳһԪػսףڰ׽ģ䲻
һĻױҲȻˣ֪ɫĶǵǺ֮ĺȻ֪ʲôЧãγսףĶܹǿޱȵġ
ս׻һͨİɫֲ齣˱ϣȻ
һӣʥʱУһӦȻٴεıƳһξѪ򵥵Ĵһ
ȻѾûʲôı仯ȻһǧҲ֪ǸԼԵػ
һǿıػڷ
һʵֻȷǿش󾳽ػз˵ĹЧ
һ㣬׿֮󣬶ʱҲȻ
һʥֿսսѥ齣һ˻𣬶ʱ
֮岢ûٴεĻСʵҲûٱøǿ󣬵˲䣬ȴоԼӵǿˣ꾳磬һҲȻķ
ӳϺڣϵţϵķԾţȻ˲ͻ˳Ϻڣ˷ǰڣȻһٵͻ˷ǰڣ˷ڣ
׶εǿȻѾƵϾ֮ģǿֲĸ߲εǼ򵥵ԪʵǻǿԵľġ
Ҳ˵꾳ʵȴǱĿ񻯴ʵ
ֻǿ֮ʵ˻ȥ꾳磬ȴǲ˻ȥġ
һϲĵȻˣ񣬱ֻҪѰһڻǶȽǰڵ̽һʵɡ
һ̣׺ڴԼĽĹԣڿ񻯺ֱӵĳŸ󷨣ɽ
һΣֱ˲Ƴɽ۵ķλȻһʶɨӡ
Ķ׵ʵţңķ˵ǿײΪԼ֮󣬻ܷĴڣϾ䷽ȶ֮Уʥ˵ǿ֪
ʶɨʱɽһ֮µİգͱ֮һ󷨣һֻȽڵޡ
ޣһֻҰޣӴͬһºʵĳǽ޴ıӣͬһ͵Ļɫֱ޷ƣҲòĲ
ǣҰޣҲûкǶȽپˣ񾳽ĵмʮȴ޷ж
Ȼ֪Ұ޲׶Ը
ӰһΣӰֱӵڰУĿⶢͱڣ󷨣ȴҲǲĶƷ󷨣һ󷨷϶ɵĶ󷨣֮ȴǺǿ
׶󷨣΢΢һЦȻܼ򵥵ƽ󷨣״˿̣ϲñƽ⣡
һڵĽ鶸Ȼһ˸Ľâ׵С
ε󷨣һ˿ȡ
ݡ
ռ͵һһɿֲɷȻ󷨡
أ
󷨶ȻըѣͱڶʱҲ¡¡ĲͬӴĵһ㡣
һҺɫӰȻڿУҰ޶ʱս̬˫ۺŭĶ׵СӣǻĲͷ˰ɣ


207 
ӦԶȽڵޣ׵黹Щġ
˿̣ڿ״̬ǿʵҰ޶սıӦԵǿĵ˵ʵ
ԷŭͺģҲ֪޷ŭˡ
£ЦǻĲͷˣΣ
˿Ұ޶ʱȻŭ
˵ţԭεҰޣӺȻͬߵβһ㣬ݺݵĺҶȻģûаͣʯ֮䣬Ѿҵ׵ǰ
һȻʧգһ̣Ѿʥ䣡
һ̣ȴǳҰ޵ʮҵĵطΡ
Ұ޵ıһɨռʱŤɼҵĿֲĹ
һ죬еĽ鶸Ȼٴγֻ֣ƣѾȫı
齣
һȣеĽ飬ѾȻ伤˳ȥ
ٶ֮죬һ磬ֱҰޡ
ƺ͸˿ռһ㣬ƺ˲Ծľ룬ֱӳҰ޵ǰ
Ұ޺ȻܵǿֲƵ˲ƳȥȴǲɲǼ䣬겻һ
һ̣ǿֲĽɫ⣬Ѿݺݵɱ塣
ۡ
Ұĸо˻ԪѺ屻һٴ͸
ͬʱҰ޵۽ǣӿѪ
룬ԪӤǺݺݵһʱһɴ˹ȥɲǼ䣬Ұʶ˺ڰ
һƬš
䣡
Ұ޵ʬӿеݺݵ±ڵľʯϡ
Ȼ˸ŵɫâ͵ĽɫĹεĽ飬ȴ֮
ų䲻ĳɷڣܶԷûзһɱȽڸ֣ȴʵ
ǰԵǣǶԷַ࣬ԪӤĨɱֻмֶ֣֮£ͱ׵Ҳη塣
Լǿʵͷ˷ܡ
رǽĿֲ׾ٵĨɱҰޣе˷֪ܿ
ĳֶΣǴڵĸ֣ɱֻҪƵԷķôһжΪܡ
к˷ܣֱ˲ƳŸ֮֮󣬱ȡѾסҰ޵ԪӤһۣȻʥ֮С
룬һֱӳʥ֮Уͱ˵ԡ
ΪʥˣĿռ֮У׵ʵûбǿΪܲٿռ䣬ʵϣӦ޵еġ
ͱǰ˿̵ףĿǶһ۱Ƴͱ˵ȣʱҲЩ⡣
ʱ䣬Ļ㹻ã㹻ĳԣҼҲЩԪʯԴ˿ĽɢɵΪĹˣһôľѾ˲ˡ
ȴҲﵽһɢɵ۷״̬ӣڶɢҲҪˡ
ƺܵ׵٣׷״붨֮
ۣɲǼ˵оǾתð죬ˡ
°ݼˡ
˶ʱǹ񣬶ףʵѾ֪ײĸ֣׵ʵΪˣȴ۵ԭ
׵˵ͷţǵʵвСĳܲ
׼ȱĵڶɢ֮󣬱ǰԵǡ
ǵĳޣԼ֣ʵڶԻǳ֣Ƕ£ֻ𱣻ǲ
УԺˣҵѣˣұҲ壬һ㣬ͨĽߡ
˵꣬ĿȴǵȻĿˡ
ͱһۣж˼
ˣܴ滹ħԶǴҳϵ£²ԴǣֻԼжߴˣεģ
輤˵׵飬֪ô㣬Ȼ࣬Ҳ֪ӦǱ壬ӦǷ
ǿķ˱ʵֻǱǿС
ȴͬ˵ˣԶĴˣԶʵ¡
׵˵ͷ˼ƺԼˡԷ̬ȣױҲ˵ʲôˡ
ƺϾֻǸƺѣ𾴣𾴣Ѿ֪Ϊ˵ףǲ˵ʲô
ޣεɢ٣Ӧÿ˰ɣ
ʵ
ţǰˣε٣ӦоųɵİյģϾŶɢ٣ӦòֲٵģֻҪ٣Ҳµġ
ŵĵ˵űܵŤţʵһģЩ˵Ȼ¶ġ
Ҳ΢΢һݣƺĳȵĶһ㡣
ĸоʱѾʧˣϾǽ־ôᱻܵ
ˣֻеоĸоʱʧˡ
ĵȻ֮
ٿһ裬ֻģƺ㶯ȥ˻һ㣬ײҲһЦ
ƺܵѵõЦݣҲһ߲ѣۺݺݵĵһۣʱ˹һſݵʱͨ졣
վǰ˶Ƿ˵Сһ㣬ʵɰĺܡ
Щů֮תʱЦ˵˴ѣؾʲôεҲ˵˼֪ܲ˰ҲãȴǱΪħ
ߺ죬ĵŮӱԹȻʮֵĹˣ׵ĿֲĽ״̬׶о˽΢΢һ
ˣ㣬ҲȡЦūˡ
׶ʱЩܲԼĽ飬һִĿ鰡
ҲһΣȴǼЦݵˣģǶзִģú˫ޣҲʲôħָӵǻпܡ
˵ţҲɿҲ֣Լǰλ˻Ǻܺõġ
ʱŭޣ˭Ҫָӣ㣬Ͻһȥ±Ӱ㣬پҪˣǶûб㵹ھӲˣ
εĺٺһЦҲЦݣֺٺЦЦ

ͱ֣һ·Ͽν˳֮
ӵߵġͼȻĴʹ󣬶ͱ˶ڻȥ·ҲȻǼǵõġ
ڳŸ֮ױ˶׼ȥԵˡ
֪ҪٽֻѰֲ֣ϵսϵͻƣ
ֻܵͬǧһ㣬޷ͻƶ١
һŲƣżЩ۵ߣͱ֣ɢɣɱһЩʵ΢ߣҲǳɱĽ
һĳЩĻˣǷ׷ɢ
ϵŲƣײûнٷϣԼҲûзϡ
ҹħǣԵǣ֮ľʵ̫ңԶǼ֮Ŀռ䴫ͣҲҪĲٵĴһԣһ˴ͣӳԵǵҹħǣҪʮʱ䡣
ͣʱҪ룬ֻҪҵʱ䡣
һˣԪʯʱԶҪĸ٣ǼҪʱҲҪһࡣ
ϲϵĴͣˣ롣
ǺˣԼᶨ֮ˡ
һգ˴͵˹ǣĴͣʹð׵ĶȽԣǺڽǿͱ̬ͱǿ
ͱʱѾսߵĿˡ
ߣ٣ҲҪˣױϴ
ǣһΪȵռţߣڹȵʶ֮¡
ȣֻһ߽ɢޣΪаȣ޼ޣ߽ɢɵʵʹʮֵǿ
ˣߣǻڹǣֻҪ͵ԵǣȴΨһһȽϽĴ
ЩҲֵ֪ģҲ֪Ϊ׵ʵǲηģҲû⡣
ε׼Ƚ٣ҲǼһģѡһɽ֮׺ԷֿػűȴȽٵĵ
пҰ޵ԪӤĵǹȳ֣Լڲ¶ʵʱ򣬽Էɱ


208 Եǡɱԣ1
ǣһ죬ƽ
Ԥ֮УҲѾ
һεɢ٣Ҳǿ󣬵ҲǱһǿ˲ٵ١
٣оų԰ʮһף׼ֻСĵʶ̽ŷԲĿռ䷶Χ
׿һۣȻ˱Ȼʧˣû¶һϢҲûгʲôռҡ
һΣȷʵˣ֮Ҳʥ֮С
ʥ֮У䲻ȥģ޷١
ǣ״˿̽ʥ֮УȴЩǹȺȻɱ
Ҳ֪ǣǺ԰ģҹޣһʵȽϸߣ޶Ȼв֮Ķʱ㿪ʼˣԥĳɱЩˣЩ˵ԪӤͱԼġ
һǣûʲô˸֣ȲѴﾭˣһ㶼ܵ͵Ҷǣֳ˼˵𾴡
ȲڹǶȽ٣ټ٣ȴҲԾЩ֣ΪԷһײòСĵķ
ǶȽڵҰ޵ԪӤϵѹţȻһĽÿһѹţȻѹŽơ
ٺ¡¡Ŀʼ£׵ģҲ΢΢һ
һ̣׸ܵ˿ռ쳣Ϊʥ䣬ʥڲ׷ܸӦһС
һĳ˳΢Ĳʹ׵üͷ˵иˡ
˿ȻЩǵĿűԭǾȴûз쳣
΢΢ƣ֪ԷΪӦñ߳٣һױѾƲ⵽ǰ֮ˣӦǹȡ
ȴǼɢɳڹǣȻʵΪǡҪ̣˴㽫ɱɵ
һʶ裬򶨣
ˣҪע⣬ע÷Ƭ̺һ֣߽ɢޣЩ鷳ԪӤɶݶٴƣ
ڽ֮Ӧûˡ
ģ΢΢һݣȴû¶κεҲûбֳκεĻңûгȥͬĴ˷ģһ¡
õı֤׶ʱ˲١
֪ǹڵķλЦ
˿̣׸֪֮£ĿаĶűº̰ģ¶š
ȻǸ֪ģȴ֪ʵϣһжͬоǰ㡣
Ұ޵ԪӤϵȻһϢȫ͸Σһ伤˳ȥ
ٶȲ죬ҲûʹÿռңֻƬ̣ε˹ȵǰ
һֱޣһĵŮӣŶɢɵʵѾѵˡ
ңԱߵػӣѵõĽɢɣ
ܾöûǿĶˣԪӤ̲ԼЩ
ţΪһֻޣЩͼޣлǺܲмģ뵽ʵĿ𣬹ȱ뵽ǰǴ٣ֲٰǳ˹Ϊأ񣬶ûȫĻָ
ʵȻˣȴǻڵģһΣɢɣȵʮֵ˷ܡ
ɢɵԪӤԼҲҪĿˣ
ţȻ䣬һһɼ˿ֲĸоУǱܵģȱҪ˲롣
һ̣Ȼһɴ˶ʱ㱻ݺݵĵ˳ȥ
䣡
˾ҵıըʹռ䶼ȫ˿ǳƶǿıըҲݺݵĺ˹ȵʶ
Ժ֮жʱģһƬ˸ͬ׺һ㣬ȫð̣սƷʱˣȫҲѪһƬ
˳ȥݺڻɽ֮µĵϣءһֱӱ㱻˵£ҳһ޴ӣ
ڹĵһɾ޴Ԫʱӵ³ȶʱ˵ķŭ
޵ϣƺһ̱̤һ㣬ȷˡ
ޡ
һ³ƬɳѪŭˣһ죬жʱһ׳ɫ޸
ȥɣ
һ̣ȶΪһǶȽٵΪʮֵķŭ
һССĵͼ޸ˣȾòˡ
Ѫڣһܵصˣʮֵķŭž޸ٿճűȥ
һֲ̣ĸоȻٴεĳ֣˷ķͷ߾ٹͷ׼һͷʱ򡪡
ݡ
ɫâȻڹȵǰƿ֮ʹùȵݺݵһ
ԪֻǱܵĺͽɫâӴһ֮󣬶ʱѡ
֮ǰƿƷսף˿ȫʧȥػá
һ̣˹ȴѾûܵ
ۡ
ɫâֱӵĴ͸ȵ壬ڼ۶ʱ˳˸˿ֲɫ
㣬ȲҺһ
ǹȵĽɫԪӤȴǻһâͼӴܡ
ǣѾõָʾ裬˿˲һӡ£һȵԪӤϡ
ռһͣһӣ㽫סԪӤȡ
һʮֵ˳ȣΪǿ߽ɢޣɱȴԩ֮
ֻǣ˷ܵʱȴֻ֪˶ѣϾƺ޵ϰˣΪ̫ڴˣ߱ǽĿֲ𺳹
ǲȻ֪ƾԼʵɱȣѶȻ൱Ĵ
ҲһѺģ˶ݵʱ˹߽ɢޣвҲǴ󶨣±޹ǵĶȽ
ʱҲ׷׿ʼ£ԭĿռ䣬Ҳӵ
߰ٶʮŵףһը˽һһҹȻʮǿᣬҲĳܷΧ֮ڣ˹Ȼ˵εɢ٣ԶԱȽϵɡ
ΪĵĲرԽٽ״Ḷ́Ҳ򵥵Ķࡣ
ȵ״֮΢ָ˰죬ʵȫĹ˶ɢɵľ硣
ˣʵҲ˺ܶࡣ
ȶȽ֮ҲףȴǺЦ
ײûнȵԪӤͱˣеԪʯѾ㹻ˣңȵԪӤɻԪӤըǺ˲õĶ
ͱϢ֮ٴεĿʼ˲ϵŲơ
Ų֮Уȴ˳ĲϵԽš
ľ磬׵˼͸򣬱϶Դԣʵȴڽ顣
еĸȣҲǽĸ
ͨ׵ĸܣȻҪͨĴԸҪ̵öࡣ
ĸ꾳ľҲʮӴٵġ
㣬ԼĪֹ˰ʱ䣬׵꾳磬Ҳͻ˷ڣ˷ڵľ磡
꾳ͻƺȻ֪Ľ΢СʵȴʹԼĹǿ˲١
ʱ̣Ҳͨϵͣ˳Եǡ
̤볾ԵǵĴײбһȫëЩ
ƺһ˲䣬˫۾עһ㡣
΢΢һЦЩͶעԼϵĿ⣬ת˱һۣԵǣȻ˵ãҿ뿪
ͱԭȽϽĿҲʮأ˿̵˵ȵĴ·ǰҲ༤
׽̤齣ԽٶȸǿĿֲ


ƻʴˣͽͱŮһˣһˣûܿԷΪ˿ͽѾﵽĽɢɵʵˣŮҲжɢʵ˶ˣ𾴣
ĽɢɣߺߣΪƾʵͻ·pʹߴ˻ھޣΣʮɢһҪȫץ
УʹߴˣһҪᵽģ
һϵֱ·p·p궼һ󼤵뵽ʮɢиǿ־֮ǣˣȥ


209 Եǡɱԣ2
·pп־岻ѣҲЩ֮󣬸Ͻ뿪ʮѹֵĺɫá
ƺһ룬ٲһ㡣
·p˵ĸоεȥʮɢӣƻʴˣʮֵںˡ
뵽У·p뵽ڳϵϢɽʹߣ·pҲֻ̾Ϣ
ܿ·pͨһ֮󣬹Ƭ̣һģײеǰڹ
·pƽʱǴ˿̣ȴҲֻӲͷƤ
ʮɢʮֵܣҲʮֻ
˿̣ϴһŮݺ۳ң޾޴ĺ鱻ľſŵıţ˿ûһߵ·p
·p˿ڿˮŹؽƻʴ˵
ʱϴʱҲֹͣ˳۳ңݺݵһǾ޴ĺ飬ôվµľﻹһһڵճİɫҺ塣
ȷͱ˻ˣ
ϴĿײУǺģ֮ǰСŮһĵ
ǵģˣСˣƻʴ˵ĻҲˡ
ãܺãȥɣģ֮ڣҶȻԪӤȥƻʴˣ
ϴ˵
·pһˡ
·pߺ󣬻ϴһεеĴѶ鵱׹һ㽫ѶϢ˳ȥ
һ̣ϴ϶ʱҲһ׹⣬Ȼ϶ʱһսס
һ̣ΧĿռ䲻ϵ˸ţӶĳ˲ٵɫս׵ޡ
ЩˣȻǻϴʮһֵܡ
磬ô£ҪýѶٻǻ
磬ôˣʲôô

һʱ䣬ʮһֵܵѯ
ϴ΢΢һӣͱ˻ˣĳۿԱˣɽʹҪУǱȽ⼸ץɽʹѯϢ
ߣˣǻˣģοӣ
ν
˵ˣ׼ãսپƺ˸ֻע⣬С£
֣磬Ƕɢˣ޼ޣߣǰ˽ɢɣУǱҵɽֻҲ޵ĺܡ
ǰ磬ʮ󷨣ɱ˽ɢɵˣ˽ɢɵޣ磬Ѿ޵ˣ
ǴͰӥɣϴ
ʮһ˾һͣԾŭ֮ɫ
ģҲĴѣκʱ򣬶У׼ãٵȥ½ˡ
ϴٴγ˵һ̣ʮһ˶ʱҲ

ˣԵǣƻʵΧƻĴǴҵĸ֣ʮɢǾɢɣ˿ֻѾɢɾˡ
еɽʹ·ȴƺûõУ˿µڣΪ޷ûлȥɽ硣
Сĵ˵ţͷȴ΢΢Щͳ
֮ҪӲ١
ңʮɢޣĴڵߣɽʹߣ⳾ԵǣȻЩ֡
սԽ׵ȤԽ
΢΢׵صģʱǵֿ֪ʵãұֱӽȡʥ䷨ռ֮УҲ޿κεġ
٣ǲΪǣǵȴҪŬˡ
¶Ȼ߾ȫġ
ᶨ˵
ֻǵĵ˵ͷ˿̣УȻǼԦ齣ʵϣȴǽ
ٶȷУһ̣Ϊ˱ģֱȡ齣ȻֱС
ͱ΢΢һҲˣϾǿ׵ʵʵ̫ɲˡ
Լȴ֪УٶȴǸˡ
ٶȣ˵ٶȣߣֻǰӥߣԺԼһȰɡ
ƽϣٶȣ͵Ϯһĸ֣ĪΡ
շһʱ䣬ױѾоЩ
׵ʶܸܵʲôҲûоʲô쳣ǿֲıܣȴƺܵв
һӣͱ˶ʱҲͣ
׺ϾȻһŵİɣˡ
ͱһΪǸʲôûз֣ҼʮɢˣԼҲֲܷ˰ɣ
ʵϣʮ˺ȻγһԲǰʮĵطʱͱʱҲһ
Ȼɢɣʮ˶˵εɢ٣
ΣǴˣˡ
ͱоɲǼ뵽һ㡣
ʮ˾ĿžĶףڶ׿һ֮ʮ˸ǿ־ˡ
ϴɫȴŬѹе𾪣Ǻˣѵ֪ʮɢڰô¿ɽʹߵƻʴ˵ǲҪΪ֮
˵㻰ʱ򣬻ϴĿĶףһֱֵĶƽ
ŶɽʹߣǾżɡɡɻǾżɾɵ˰Ȼ˰
׵Ȼм˵
ϴɫȴһҲһ
ȣ͸ԷΪҶԷУٶȾǼ죡
Σͱˣϴ˽ģˣȻڴƴӣѣɼʵһʮ˵ã
ٴΣ˵̬Լһ˾ûУңԼʮ˵һʹõ󷨣Ȼ˲ʶƣ
㣬ʹûϴʮֵء
ͱçײˣôĻһƾ̣Ȼܻ
ƾ̣ˡ
λѣҳԵźλЩСĹڣɽʹҪѯλϣλи㡣
ϴЩĿ֮УȴҲ˼֡
׿˿ͱˣֻ˿ŭĿԲг֮Ũľ
ȻѾܵˣǿ̬ȣƺǲˡ
ԼߣȻŭȴǿƵĺܺã׵±֪ѡˡ
ȻһЦһ鶸Ȼͬһذһ㣬Ȼϡ
нһ˸ţʱ䣬ĺɫһСкڶһĶ淭š
⽣һǡʮɢޣʹ֮ˣеĽ飬겻ɶȻһжʱҲһĪļ˵Ŀ־֮⡣
ʮһθɫ䣬˻ϴ֮⣬֮ˣʱ˰֮ġ
ɫĺͺɫĽâ׵вϵԾš
׵Ȼ΢Цһ̣ڻϴвڶħֲ
ⴿһϵѹ
ʮý֮֮ױһ㶼ˣԭƼﵽ龳磬ƣǿֲĺĺƣԼЩĲ
οЩֻǴ⽫ɽŵޣ
и㣿˭˸ҳһвұǻᡣ
׵Ȼ˵еĽ飬ȴǿʼ˸ſֲĴϢǽֲһ̱׼ΧĿռʹýΧĿռŤѡ
ϴɫҰһƬߵʮһֵܣȶЩ
ֲСɷɽƿգ⹥ǿҪ֮˵һУӻĲͷˣȫ
ϴɫһʱ仯ǧԲסŵˡߣ
˵һ룬ʮ˶ȻҪ˲ܣٶ֮죬ֱ˾̾˷˼
ƺϵԷ㶯ԭֿסĹȵԪӤʱҲɿˡ
һ̣ȴüͱȱһܣɽʹֻҪˣ
ͱһʱձѾ˴ΧĲˡ


210 ŭɱɽʹ
һֱӽͱȡʥ֮С
ռֲȴǲû뿪ֻǵȻĶǲ֮
˿̣׵ѾԼĿס˱ѹεԪӤ
ռ䲨ȻܵӿѹҲϤֻԪŻĸо
ΪЩ֪ɽʹߣӦǸܵʮɢľȣԳˡ
׽ͱȡʥ֮֮󣬵Ȼվ֮Уղ֮
ɫգͬƽĺ档

һ̣֮зһɫӰȻǰ
ͬʱһҺɫս׵ӣһϣʵǱ֮ǰһʮɢҪǿĶࡣ
˽ɢɣߣ
΢΢һĿ䵽ǽɫӰϵʱҲһ
ԷΪǿ͸ˣǾż˵ʵʹ׵ģ΢΢Щ
żˣɽ½ʹߣɽĲӴʵ
ԼҪߵģŬȻΪ²ûǣǿΪУʵǲ֪֮٣£ȴǲˣ
ɫӰ𽥵Գ˱Ŀһɫ˫۸˸ŲŭĹâ
Ӹָʹ̬Ҳ¶š
ףӵĿɭ϶мһ˵ͱӣ
ɽ磬ż˵ʵǿ󣬵磬ȴǺŵġ
½꣬Ϊжûصɽ磬Ѿʱ򣬱ͰӥǿߣܶûзУ˵磬Լ޵еģ
ȻԷûзôʵһԼͣ
ԣһûп׵ΪҲ⣬ΪԷԼĶ֡
ңͬȻż˵ѹ
ѹƣ޵ƶƶ壬ǻż˵ƣ
ܶڶֵ԰ջŭĿһɣȵǾż˷ܣɽżɵۺյ½֮ʹߣ˿ΪжĪҪ֪ôͺΪУ
ܴ˿̲мں֣߳ңԷ޿֣ҲЩĶԷı
һУֻΪϵսףȻϢǲͬġ
ԷܵȻһۿһȻƷΣ棬ܴһҲίʵˡ
żɵۣۣ
Ҳ΢΢һʱȴЦߣҲżˣһѣұڴ·ֺδΪУУʲôҶ
ԲѣʹߴˣϻʲôץһȻ֪һС
Һɫս֮ɫ䣬˿ȴĵ˵
ܵ˵ͷҲұ㲻Ϊ㣬˲֪ôҲգܾñûгˣΣƣСĿɽ˵ã
Ҳһ
ԪӤΪֶΣʥΪܵĳûк֮ǣԼʲô
£ȻҪս׵ҲʲôⷽУȻʵ䣬Ҳá
׵˲񻯣ȻȻΣȫɲȫ
ͬʱڿ֮˵ֿʥķ֣žԼ˵õٶȺͽǿ󹥻׾ǿ߶սһΡ
ۼ˹ı仯ȻʧĿһݣȴ˼֣ƻʴ˿̣ɫһ˲䣬Ҳûְ⣬ȫĽ
ߣСѣ
ܺȻЦһһɵɫĽȻмԭвûнǴ˿̣һѾռ˳ȥ
ףԭ֮˶ʱ㲻һ˿Ȱ˷ܵ಻Զ
Ȼ
һɵɫĽȻԾռ䣬Ȼһ׼ƿǵ⣬Ȼܡ
ֻǣһ̣ռһ󲨶齣δ֣ռ㿪ʼҡҷܣŤͬŢһ㡣
һʱ䣬׾޷ˣͬŢ̶һ㡣
ۿǽһᣬ֪ԼǶԷ֣һʧԭء
ۡ
һֲĽֱӽڵնΪ룬һֲĺɫֳ˽ĵط
ռңܣȴĿЩĲ£û˵
ƻʣ˿ȴΪ֪ɽʹ߶ﲻʹ죬ʱҲҶ˵ʲô
˿̣վʥ֮УȴǺݺݲһ£ȻһѪ
ʥػϻƷǽʥһ̣ȻСֵĽ
һСֵĽѾʹȫȫͷ㱻ɢ˼һ㡣
ҲǾ֮ʱҲ׵ʵĲ࣬ʵ̫ˡ
ɱȽڵҰޣѾˣ潻֣֪ԼӦòǵ֡
һΣܵĹʹʶ˺ɢɣűʵĲͬ
ʥ֮˵ףȻҲǷŭ
Żվķܺƻʣ΢΢һһԪһŹԪȻԪӤ׵ϵٴεѹš
Ȼһ̣׶Ȼƻʺͷܵߡ
˶ʱҲһ֡
ٶȣ׸ܡ
ǣҪıĻᡣ
Ӱ㣬ӰԾֱһԪγɵı壬ܳһʱ䣬ܳһĳɢ
ţӰȴЯ޵ԪӤ
˿̣ܺƻʶȻˡ
һҲȻ޵ԪӤ
ԪӤըֶΣΪǲɼģҲֶɱˣԶ׶ԣƼЧ
ܺƻһͬʱˣֲݺݵĺˡסϡ
һ̣кȻͬʱһɼ˿ֲĸо
ã
ɫʱ䣬Ҫ˲뿪
ǳˡ
һ̣ռʱһͣȻ󣬿ֲıըݺݵ
䣡
Ƶıըֱӻ˷Բʮ
䣡
ռƬѣ
ɽ
ݣ
Ҳ׵Ķѣ
ޣżɾԪӤڼ˵ѹ֮ըɱǿֲģ
ңɱҲǻԵġ
Բʮʱڼ˳Ƶĺը֮УɲǼ䳹׵ĳΪ˷棡
ɫͿռڶһƬԵǣһҲݺݵĲ˼¡
һըƻʺͷܣֱ˲䱻ĨɱԪӤűըˡ
һսףҲظըƬмѵĿռͶϱ۲֫һ𣬱ڶռɵ
ԪӤ˲䣬ʥ䣬һΣĶȻӴ󣬵ҲֻǸܵʥݺݵһȻûĶˡ
Ƭ̣ٽʶ̽ʱ׶ʱһ͡
޵ԪӤըʵҲ̫˰ɣ
ʶɨܵҰһƬ档
ڵأ񱩶ҵȵѪζԼǻŵ档
׽Լʶ˳ȥǧﷶΧһ
ЩȻȻ򶨣ڵĹԪʹƶʱָ˴룬ԪҩЧȴǱ鲻ϵš
һͱʱҲ֮УʱѾ˵ǰ
߰ɡ
׵Ȼ˵
˿̣ͱȴǾĿܡ
һͬ˽ʮԽĳǳأȴǾһˡ
·֮Ƿ棬սʬ壬ϱ۲֫ȣǡ
ɼ֮ǰ쳣
ͱеǾϲ֮⳾Եǣ˶ƻʵͳ֮µģˣǻã
кݺݵĳһڶҪѯʡ
֪ҪʲôҲɽʹ߷ܺƻʶˣֻҲ֪ˣԼ֮⣬һʲôУⶫӦ֪һЩɣ
ͱԭͷȻЩֵĶףƺȷ׵١
׵ȻЦģǵĴˣܺƻ֮ˣɱҵģңǿʥΪЩ˾ɱô
ͱȻʱҲΪԼĶЩ˼ȴʶˣУôҪȥ޻ĮˣǳԵǵһأûκ˸ȥǷɽʹߣֹ޻ĮΧʮ׷Χ
Щ֣Ҳ֪Եǳʲô壬ƺǺһĿֲĶôһ򵥵ĵط
ԣһ룬׵ҲȻˡ
΢΢ͷ׵ߣȥƻʺͷٶʱ䣬ǲʲô鷳
ͱ˵Ҳϻǰ·
⳾Եϵ޻Į׶ԣϤ˵֮УҲûᵽôطԣУĵطЩڴ

ƻʵ
ϴţüͷĺ
磬ãһ֮䣬Բʮﻯ˷棬ǳصߣʮˣȫ
磬ƻʺʹߴ˱ɱˣˣ
ѵ
еĽȻڵأϴɫ˲ü˵ѿ
ߣȥһλʹߴˣ£ǴޣҲҪˡϴţʱҲԼֵܣ˲˳ȥ
ϵڸ󣬻ϴ󵱼չʹߴˣʹߴ˺ƻʴˣѾɱˣʹߴΪСֹ
أ
źȻ俪ˡ
һɫ˫Ŀ˸Ŀ꣬ŵͳĲ˳
Ŀɨ˻ϴһۣϴʱ׻ʱһѪȴǲκεĲ
ˡ
ϴѵ˵ţڵϣһҲҶ
֪ˣȥɣ£Իۡ
˵ţȻһö׹۵ľʯȻȻʧڻϴǰ


211 ޻Įɱ½
ɽ磬ǣ޼ǡ
һ׹ͬʹ߳޼ǵĴڡ
ĽԭΪ½֮˷׼ʼ߳ѵ⣬ȴǺȻΪ֮ԼȻ޷͸һԷϾһսףʱкȻ
˵ĿһɨʱѾ˲˳ȥ
⣬ⲻǵѡŵ½ʹôڻˣӣ˰ɡȴûֹֻԼš
˿̣ʹѾ޼ڵƮ칬
Ʈ칬⣬ʹ߶ǹһʱǹĿЩɻɨ˴ʹһۣȴûжԣֻǳҽȥɣ
ʹߴսڵ
ʱմֱ쳹С
飬Ѿֻ֪Ҫ½磬ɽĿռͨҪһлȥһ֮󣬱ǲɱ½磬ʱһжԷ⣬ɱM֮ˣҪɱۣ
۱£ˣף֮ʱһ֮һƼ٣һ񻰰ǿ߿񳱣Ϊֵ߽֮¡
˿ԵǣȻΪͱ˶֮ǰһʹüԳǷԲʮȫΪ棬MͳԵƳҲǱ˲ɱ
ʵ˿֪УֻʮǿķµǶԷ˵á
ʹߴ˿̽ԼõϢȫ˵˳˵Լĵǡ
˿̣ʹ߹ڵ֮⣬ڵȴź۵Ļ
ţ±Ҳжţһǰسǣ˾ˣɽ粻˶֪չҪģֻҪ磬ôʵǿҲܳżɵľ磬½磬ɼͻƵɱ½硣
ɱǱµʮʮ˶ĺʵѾżɵ۷徳磬һֱûͻƣ׼ܱĵǲ
Σص㻹壬ⶫǱҲҪõ⣬УȷʵкǲĿռ䷨Ҫϧһд۽
£һҪСĽйȻƵ׵۵֪ˣ鷳ˡ
۵ԵôϣǴʹߴ˿̶ͷȴ亹ֱð˭֪һ۸ˣ˵ûʲôѹһ첻ãǱܵĽ֡
κ۱ûйʹͷ˿ҡ
ңɱ˳֣سɣ
Ƿʹߵߵ˺ۣȻ˳ڵ

ֱշУͱǰ·һ·Уٶȷʵ˵á
ױȫǽǽٶȼ˵ãȻͱٶԼʮֿ죬ӱȲס
ˣڶʮɣһ˼˽⾳֮С
˼ұ˺ܸߵľ裬ǲĴ˿̻˺Ȼ֡
ңǰ޻Į·ϣʲôߣżһЩߣ˷ٶȺƣʱҲǼ˹;·
һ·ϣҲʮƽ
˲ƺͷУһʱױ˻ĮıԵش
ûн޻ĮȱһĳʪɺԵĻĮشϢȻŨҵĺˮ̵ζҲЩȡ
ԾıͣǰҲһ
ͬȻߵǰǰĻĮĬ
ʵϣʱ׵ʶѾ޷ǰ͸ˣ˵һƬĮ׵Ŀ˵ⲻһ󷨣һʮָӵ󷨣һȵ彵ֵ󷨻Ҫǿ󷨡
ǣϾҲһָоһָоǣȻγɵȻҪ֮أǿ߿µĽ֮ء
һֿܣ˵ˣȷʵһʮֹΣյĵط
ǰ˼жʱһɿֲĸоҪٵĸо˲ѹȶ
һ׶ʱֹסǰ߼뷨
ǰԼڵĵطûκεĲͬػɳɳֻǣҰɢİɫǿɼˣѾܲˡ
ǰûϸ֣Ҳ˵߲ע⣬ٷдҲǻ˲ȥġ
ˣĪǰߡ
׸ŲŲʱͱǾ
һ㵣漴ЦǱģҲǰ˻
˿ǰĿҲһã
Ȼ籾Ӧǰ˽ɢ޵еģǼɽʹߣ̤棬ֻ±֮иӹ졣
˿̣ףͱȥġ
΢΢Ȼڴ˵ؾ͵ϯضȻĿⶢǰ̬һ˿
ͱ׵˿̵һһңСĵػ
Ȼǲ֪㶯ʲôҲӦ̽޻Įܰɡ
˿̣רעһֱĿתĶ޻Įı仯Ȼһʼ
ͨԱȣҹͣһʱôˡ
ͱҲһ㶼żʮĵػߡ
һ죬Ŀⶢǰ޻Įе޻Įʻ׶ʱҲ׵޻ĮΪʲô޷ˡ
Ϊȷʵһ
ңһƷ󷨣ȫ弶Ʒ󷨷϶ɵģң弶Ʒ󷨣нľˮ󷨣󷨣ߴ󷨸ΪһɾһƷ󷨡
Ҫ֪ɽֵ֮󷨣һļĸ󷨶ѣ
֪󷨵ԭ׶ʱһʱ΢΢һЦ裬
ˣ⡪ǰ޻ĮЩԥĵ
ѵ㻹ỳɴ˲ɣЩĵ
ðɣֻǵĴ˵İΣѣǡ͵˵һ룬ʱ㱻Ĺ쳡ˡ
һ̣Ҳһ
Զռ䶸ȻһɫУв󣬿ռѣһ߲ʵĹһʺ֮
ɽʹ·
Ǿ
Ҳ͵һɽʹߣֻ˲õĸˣ
Ȼʺâ˲ʧ֮Уʱ߳ˡ
һһ絶һ㡢ͭɫս׵ӣһһɫսףȥȽ˹ĵıŶ̽ӡ
һȥһͭɫս׵ӣһΪﵽ˿ֲľż۷壬ɫս׵ӣҲﵽ˿ֲһɾ磡
裬ҽսȥˣʵǿ
׵ȻּȽȡʥ䡣
ɶʱ˳һˣĿǹ°˫ͭ㾼
˶ףǹ°ȵǺµʮʮ˶ĺ˳ơɱɵ£Ӳɱ֮ף
˿̣ɫս˹ĬĬվɱߣˣס
ұף
׵Ȼ˵ʥ䣬ȻԼԲǴ˶˵֣Ҫܣֹ
ãܺá
˵һ룬ԭ°ֱɵӣȴǺȻкݹһ׶ʱռȫԼ붯һ¶ôѡ
һ̣ҲǺݺһԷƸסˡ
ʱŴ󺧣Ȼ֪ʵ˵ãǹһУ֪ûʥ䣬Լɡ
һȻܶʥȴǾģֱӽһױԭʧˡ
ۡ
һƿգ޴ĵݺݵĽϣһҵľ֮ݺݵķ˻
ɱһɫһ鶯ȻһץʹȻ˲˿
ռһ𵴣ľݺݵײ֮صĻɽϣɽһʱȻ̮ˡ
ɱв亹ɭɭ˫ĿȴǶʧĵط񣬾һ˸
ˣ޻Įһأӣ壬Ӧþ档оһʱ˵
ţȷʵӦˣףӦʧһ˵õķ֮УʵӦòھ磡
ɱ˵ĿȴݵĳʧĵطͿ


212 򡮳֮
ɱĺĿ⣬ӳ֮󣬱Ѿױʵ
ɱĻȴǲκε飬кɻȴҲǵûзʡ
ɱĿʧĵطĪҪɻСֶι죬ֻкķ٣ҪȻƾʵǶȽپޣɱҲ㣬Ŵ˲С
û˷ʵǲΪ壬ٴγɱһٽĨɱ㣬ϵķҲǵˡ
ˣжûأ̲סʵ
УҲȷʵɱĻ˼ףȻȷʵ˲õķȻܿס٣һƵ٣ʵôҲڼɱ˾ܰɣ
ţϵе飬һб㶼ˡ
Խ˵õķԽǻ᲻ºۼռ䷨ȥʱȻǿƶġ
ɱ͵Ŀȴû뿪ʧǴռ䡣
ˣҪȥˣȻʹһӵķΣˣ˵кȻӿĵǡ
ţɲǣԻȫ֣ɱǼ̱
ɱ˵ȴ˼ţΣգԼȻпסһεҲֻĽˡ
ɱ˵

׽ʥ֮󣬱Ѿ˵ĶԻ֮⣬ȴġ
ͱһأȻ㲻֪淢ʲôǹ⿴ƣɽʹߣʵֻʮֵǿ
׶棬뵽֮ǰƷ¼󷨵㣬ʱһ֮ǰʧĵط
ʱ򣬸һһɿֲϮ
Ѿ׼΢΢һѾȳӰӰסȴǺȻ޻Į֮С
ս棬һͷϢѹ׵֮ǰ㣬²ϵĲȳȻս׵ǿٶȵȥ
һ̣ѹﵽʱ׵ʧ֮Уʥڲ
ڵĴϢ˼ʱҲûнʶ͸ȥĬĬĻָ
޻ĮϢȻʮֵǿ󣬼󷨰ȫ·ߣҲ˵ļѣ
ҲɸӵĽˡ
һָ֮һεĳ֮УȻһ·񱼣޷ܵʱٴεĽʥ䡣
˷

Ǽ˻ɱͷΪһżɸ֣Ȼ޷κССĶȽپߣɱûӡ
ݺݵĵɱŭĹĶȫԪȻݺһǹ󷨡
أ
󷨿ռĪһ󼤵Ȼǵǿķ˻ٶȾ
ɱһ˫Ŀһɣٴ˲˿
һηĵȴĽԶĻɽȫĸըķ档
ɱЩɲĿ˸澪֮ɫЩŨҡ
޻Į
ɱŭ
ǣˣ޻Į׾ǿ֮ĳȥˣǸǺã
ҲǼһҪɲκΣȥܵĽ֣ԣܵǡ
û취̫ǿӲɣǾŰգȥҲһ
ɱ˿涪Ȼǲʹ졣
ʱȻҲҴŭɱҲͷӦʣȻԹԵվɱߡ

һδεǰ壬Ȼصʥ֮Уķ׻˽ʱ䣬ڽ޻Įڲ
޻Įڲֻ֮һĴ󣬶ûĶ
濴һеһУȻֻá
⴫ͷɲɻ
룬ּ䣬ͱ˳
ͱһĴһȥ˶ʱҲ޻Įڲ
ȻЩ⴫ȴҲ֪󣬴͵ĵصֻЩˡ
Ĵ󣬱ţܽģһǳǿߣͨ󣬻ᴫȥû֪
ףͬҲ֪ףȴķ
ı仯ϣԭΪ޻ĮڲĿռ䣬ǻ󣬻ǵɽ𺣣ȴû뵽һ
ˣ¿Կ϶жȻ⴫йϵߣԶıҲ˵ĸоǺȻĳһ㣬ʮֵ¾ÿ϶
蹧˵
ѽˣҲĸоʮֵǿҡ˵
΢΢ɫ䣬вçײȥֻͣһЩ֮Уǧ򲻿ԼĸооԽǿңԽΣգ
ǣˡ
˾ǹ׵ĻȻǷΪԡ
Ŵ󣬿֮ʱĹĹâЩͳߣʱ뿪ȥǱһʱ䣬֮
˵գҲ˲˷ֱһ֣˶ʱʧ
ʥ֮Уǹĸоѹʧˡ
˿̣ͱصʥһߵĿռ䣬ȴǵĴڡ
ʵ㣬ҪŬʵˣã󷨵һЩʾԽ
ãбѾȷԼҪ顣
Ȼ˿ƺЩִ٣Ƕ׶ԣȡʲôзΣŬΪҪģ˸򣬶򣬷ܱĵز
׿Ĵ󣬴͹ȥĵطֻʮֲֿĵط
⣬һʱ䣬ȫʧȥ˿һ㡣
ͬһɽһ˸Ľɢ͵ĹΡ
ںˣԭѾʮְĽԪӤ˿Ҳľʹ˶վо˸Ȼţ˫˺˽飬˳
⽣ԪӤǽںˣȫѾڵ˼۵Ķ֮
ⶫһһ˿˺ôʮҵģΪʥ֮У׷ȫ赣ģ֮У̬ʮֵƽ͡
ǿ꾳׵ûʲôͻƵĵط˴֮дԪʯգٶȣȻʮ֮졣
ԪӤڽϣһַ֮󣬾ͬһһ㣬շ׵ǰ
ԼԪӤȻͷȻ˫Ҳպ
һ˲䣬׸Ϊ֣ƺ˼γ˲ƽ״̬һ㡣
˼ڽ֮У˼ֽ˽ԪӤ˼֮УԪӤ˼룬ֺȻظܶȥ
һ̣׵飬ԪӤȣȫݺݵĲһ¡
ʱײŻȻ򵽣ӦĽ
ɲǼ䣬ȫĲһ
ʱҲƺһһ㣬ӵĳǰ
׽֮
׵ģͽȫһ
ӽ龳磬Ȼ˼Ž˼ƺʼ˼ϵľ
ӽľ磬һֱܻȥĽ꾳磬ǾھŲ֮˼ȻŸ
䡪
΢΢һȴûдӽ֮ѹʱ򣬽ĺ磬ȴѾ׸˳
֮󣬲̤ˡĲΣ֮硣
˺ͽѾȫںϣǲһ㡣
޽нٴн޽Ȼ󣬴еĽ߳еĽ
һеḶ́ƺһԲ֪һ̣ˡ
֮磬ɱ¾֮磬ɱ
һԪӤ˫ۣһ⣬˽֮С
׵ͷȻף˹
˫۵Ŀ⣬ͬƺԶһС


213 顤ƿ֮
׸ȵеǹεţȴǸӵǿˡ
򽣻ĺ֮۽ҲչŹʱ׵һûнͼ򵥵ľϵ
ȷʵԼľ磬ȴΪλҪľԪӤȾǿеϵ
һֻ̣ǵԼǽ龳ڶ㣬齣硣
Ҳ˵Լ˿ֻǶ龳硣
ͨһ㣬ױǰԼȷʵִ̫ˡ
гţ׿ʼʶݶڲĻ棬ɫ𣬲ϵӿʼһεĴ
һΣȫĵͶ˽֮УȫûȥνԪӤھȶ
ǿģڴ׵ʱȴԽԽӲ˱ֻ˵ױԽԽǿˣǿǿѾȫӻĴˡ
һɱţ׿ԸܵԼĽ˾ϵļɵһжô˳
͡
ɫ𽥵СЧҲʹ׵壬һȻ治ϵĹĶһȵϢ
ͭɫƤ˿ȫͨһƬŻȼһ㡣
һʺͺɫ岻ϵĴȻ𽥵ʧ֮С
ؼҲγһһ㣬ϵӿ׵塣
ĸоʵѡ
ԭһʹḶ́Ǵ˿̣׶ԣ̣ʹ࣬һʮֵܡ
Ϊ̬׵ģȫĹƽΪϵĽҲԵġ
ףڽʵĿ֮Уš
ȫͶһ֮УʱǺܿġ
ʱţҲǺ飬ΪˣǶôĲϣʱš
תۼ䣬ȥˡ
Ȼ֮УһΣȫûȥ⾳磬ҲûпԪʯĶֻǿŽȻ󲻶ϵĸ򣬲ϵϵۻҲϵǰ
ı仯ûʹʲôĲ˴˿̣Ѿȫĸܵ龳ǿ
˿̣׸оԼѾﵽ۷徳ˣҲ˵龳ĵ㣬Ҳȫˡ
龳㣬Ӧʲô磬׶ԣѾҪˡ
㣬ƿգһоԿֲĹ
ƿգζŴ˿̣Լ״̬ǲ񻯣׿ȫֻǿŽ鹥ܴﵽƿյЧ
ʵǿֲġ
һ񻯣ʥţ˿̵ʵͶȽپĸս
һֱ̬Ӧľ磬ںڣÿһ㣬ʮֲֿġ
ңνĽĽ飬ֻǼڷĽѣ˿Ľ飬֪ҪνķĽ飬Ҫǿ̫࣬ԣ׺ڴԼĽƿһеĹ
ۣϵĻ棬Ѿʧǿ壬ЩӲ
֪֮䣬ǵĺ룬Ҳнʮ׵ĳˣͷǳ
ϣѻ˻ҳˣҲȫԵʮֵĽֱ
֪Ѿ޷壬ʧˣˣһУֱӵ¶֮УûĴʱеתŵĽ
΢΢һЦнʱ֣һǰͷֻƬ̣ѾȫʧͷҲֻĳȡ
ڶ͵ĳ޷ԶһԪ˳ڵĳеķϯƬ̱ѾͷһһöɫʱУָһ𣬶ʱ
һĻҳʱվ
һȫʱ㱬ǿ֮ȫһεžı졣
Ҳ˵һʵǿȵɱ䡣
׺⣬Դ˿ǿȣѾĿԿƷˣڣĳЩλǿȣѾӽڼƷǿˡ
һӦһռ䣬ԭЩϺõĵҩٲһ鵤ֻ10ƷԪʯʮƷԪʯǬָһöԼҰ޹ȵжǬָһЩҩ
ǬָȻ͸ͱ
ΪǹĴĲȷİȫأ׾һҩԷһ
뵽ЩжʱҲһοԪʱ仨£ҪƵһֹԪ˲ָ˵ĵҩ˵ѶЩ󣬵Ǵ˿̣׷˲١
˼ľ飬θӵаˡ
ҴӹȺҰĶȻҲô˵Ǭָ֮УһЩҩݵǲ٣ⷴƵҩ
һԼ󣬺һԭ˼
һжʱ˸ŵɫɫâĽ飬ȻǿȣҲˡ
˫۾䣬ĿʱҲޱȵ׳һƿա
еĽ飬Ȼ˳ȥٶȣ쵽ױ׽
ֻ֪鼤˳ȥȻƬ̺ռ䣬΢΢һ£Ȼ󣬽ֳС
ûƿʥڲĿռ䣬ȴǲö֪
Ϊƿյٶȣʵ̫ˡ
ջؽ飬壬׶ʱҲԼ֪ǿˣ΢΢һЦʱҲ˴㡣
ֻⵤҩɣԼ˽Ǵȥ
Ĵ֮Ȼһʱ䣬ⷬ㣬ʹһ
Ȼȥ꣡
ң꣬Լֻ۷徳磡
̫ˣٶȣҪż۾磬ȴǲ֪Ҫʲôʱˡ
оԼĻгʱҪˣֵȻٶ̫ЧҲǿ
ǾȻ֮ɫ׳ģƽԼԵĳ嶯ȻһЩҩȫķߡ
ĿɨЩҩǧϵ˲Σмǧ֥а˰ϵѩֺǲҩġ
΢΢һ¹Ԫײ¶˻ĵЦ⡣
ЩȻƹԪң˼λҩġ
Ҳȡ确Ҷһ֦βΡҩģȻ󽫹Ԫҩȫķһԡ
һޱȵʱ֣׵ԽջһȦĹȦǵͬڵ¯Чˡ
ƣҲ֪ʼʱҪͻҲν
νġ𡯣ҲǸǿʢĻ棬ҩЧ裬ʹ˲佫ȫľԪ³ȫԱե֮֮Ļ𣬱ǲ㳲Ļ棬ʹõں£𽥵ơ
ʼĻ棬ҪʮǿҲ̫ƹԪֻҪ𣬱Ѿȫ㹻
ˣʼʱһؿ״̬Ȼʥ״̬ӳֵǿ״̬
£ͷŵȻǿޱȣҲȻĸӵʺƵҪ
ڵ⣬׻ǱȽ̵ģҪʾٲһḶ́ҲǰõģߣʵҪḶ́Ѿʮֵˣԣײʮֵš
һʱǽ黯ĽɫȦȦǽ۶ɣҲ׵ľѪˡ
ֶΣǵ֮Ϊ¯Ļ׼ҪĻҲǲҪ¯ġ
ӵеĵԴڵģΪʥˣһĹȻǿ۵ġ
ԣ״˿̵¯ķҲѾȵ˵
ɫֵʱһЩҩıķ˽ɫɫĹȦ֮С
ʱҲ֪Ҫû١ˡ
ʶɨȻ׿Ϊ֮£ҩľۺһɫĹȦػŵʱȻ򱶣Чˡ
һ̣ռ䶼һͣǿ˲ͶɫĹȦڲҩھԵȵĴ£׷
ǣڽɫȦػ£ЩҩĵѸٵĽһڽǿ֮£ЩںϺͷٴ£ϵıܼ١
ءѹֵӽɫĹȦ֮дףȴ֮


214 ƷԪ
Ҳ֪˿״̬һֽںϵֶΣһЩۺھԵ¶µʱ򣬱ϣһ֡Ԫ顯Ḷ́һɣЩ壬ǿĻ֮£ҲٴεĻҺġ
Ḷ́ʱײܿΪʱ̣ʮֿٵıȥˣȻԼ֪ǲûע⡣
ֱԼе֮ײ֪أԣҲףûеۿһٴΣҲ˽˵Լˡ
˵ȴǲһˣΪڵĶԱ֮У˵ƵҩḶ́һѧһһֵķ˳׷ӡʮֵ̡
оɫȦͣ΢΢һЦз˲١
Ľ黯Ľɫȥ޷䵱¯ΪǿȣΪŵĶԣһ㵣ģ״ûй
ڽɫȦ͵СʱжʱҲȻˣΪǼٴӣĻǼߵٶȣҲȫĻƬ̵ʱ֮ЩҩʱȫĽڵһ𣬻ճҺڹȦĵײ
ɫģЩճҺ壬Ҳ˸ŵĵɫĹΡ
һ̣ҲƹԪʽˡ
׵ĿǿȣȻУʼͬһ㣬ϵĴһӡ
ӡ֮УʱɫǰɫճҺ֮С
ѾǵһˣԸעĵطȫע⵽ˡ
˵󣬱˵Ƶ̶Լӡʱİգһжޱȵľ׼
˶˸ٶҲѾﵽ˼죬˫ַ裬ǧֹһ׳ۡ
ֻԼ֪ǱȽϹؼʱ̣ǧҲ˿Ĵ⡣
־裬ʱɫĹȦ㻯ʱɫĹ㣬Ȼǣһ
棬˷棬ɫĹ˸ţγһռһĹȦǣȦһŽɫǵˮӡ
˿̣ƿصɫͬһķɢ˿ȻֳΣͬˮһһŵ𣬶ʱѭǽɫΧɵԲתȻҲ˲ںϳһ
ֻǴ˿̵Ľ⣬ͬɫĻ£ɫĹȦ
֮УԭѾΪҺİɫճҺ壬ʱٵķ˿֮һεۣһεγճȵİɫҺ塣
Ƭ̣ϵķţ˹ȴ˿޷ͻССɫȦ
ɫ𣬾һ㣬һһ˵ĸЩӶһһεĽǵѹȵճİɫҺ֮С
ϵڣϵɫѹȣⲻϵķ
Ḷ́͵ƵҩḶ́һ޶ǵʱǵһձѾ֮á
Ƶʱ򣬲ŸоƵҩˮƽȷʵʮֵǿ󣬲˿׵ƹ̣֪̣˵һȷʵҪ׼͹淶˼֡
˫ͬ趯ķɿ죬ӵӡ͸ӵͣ٣ԼʱĻӡôĽ¡
ҩȻʱûгɣȴǸܵһѵõĳɾ͵ĸо
ĸоĳУþõûɢȥ
ʱ׵ţȴ˵ǿҡ
׵־ҲԽԽ죬ǿţʹɶʵķӡ
˫ͬڻ֮е۷䣬ĲӰĳţԼûзԼ
һĶƿĽȣȵĻ棬ǿ֮£ʹýɫĹȦ֮еİɫҺҲʼ
棬һսżҵսһ㡣
棬׺£ȴ°Ȼ
͡
ɫٴ֮һ˲䣬ƺһ㣬ٵŹȦ漤˳ȥ
ʱĿһ˫Ŀһ㣬Ĺâ
˫ӡ裬Ȼٵӡ
ʱ򣬿ռ΢΢һͣһֲɫ𣬶ʱݺݳǷİɫ
֪ɫҩıԣԣһ˳ȥȫʧܣǽģǵ¯ԱĿֲˡ
˹ؼһ̣ǲҵġ
ңΪͷֿܣڰɫâ˲䣬Ȼųһ𣬽˲ѹơ
͡
ǰɫٴαɫѹƣȻӿݺһ֮󣬰ɫһϸİɫҺ壬Ȼӻ֮
ȻܵʱҺ֮оۼٶ֮죬ֱǷ˼ء
֪̣ѾҺ֮дڴ˿̣Ȼ
̣ͬһḶ́
һ̣Ҳ΢΢˿һѹأĶȹˡ
ҲǵãԼۿḶ́ԼģҲĽģĳ棬ͻۿһսһ㣬Ѫڲѣ˿ԼŸоľպʹ̼
Խǿ⾪ȻҲԽǿ
ڹԪǿ޸Եҩһը¯ǿɵ治ģˣҲӵľա
۵Һ֮еʱһεУһʮ
ʮ
΢΢һУȴû˿ͣ٣
ʮԤʾһεһʮŵҩ
ииֻһ˲ΣƳԪ
ԼҩģƵҩĿʮȴֻƳʮŵҩײҲЩ̾
ҲԼԤʮŵҩҪõĶࡣ
Ͼһ¯ҩǲܳʮŵġ
ииĶ࣬˲䣬ȴǱųˡ
һֻ̣ǱĵƵҩŬάӡӡġ
гֵʱҲЩȻˣɫĻ棬𽥵Ҳ˿
ʱ䣬ǹȥˣ
ȥ׵ǿʵҲЩԲˣңʱ䣬һ㶼ȽϵĶ̡
ĵزȻƬ̣ѾΪ˽ĳ̶ȡ
֪ǿʢĻ棬ҩĽ裬ʹ˲佫ȫȫԱե֮֮Ļ𣬱ǲ㳲Ļ棬ʹõں£𽥵ҩԡ
Ϊһڳ˾޴ʹ֮һʹ೤ʱĳȥضʯٵĽ֣ݵʹ֮ޱȵʺˬ죬ôˣзһģΪ˿֮󣬻ǿǼ޷ܵʹࡣ
ͬģḶ́ʵ˵ҲһǼӴĹ̡
Ḷ́Ǵ㵤ˣ㵤һϸĻκһʹȫʧܡ
ϤȻһиһжֻͬҪκһطʧܵĽ֣Ϊһ㣬ҩԵޱȡ
ɵḶ́˳ɵ֮ǰںڻɵ֮ǰгɵɵĻգʹóɵ֮󣬵۵ȹ̡
֮󣬱ҪϵĻһĳȴ޹صʣʱֱȫϣ˽ᵤĹ̡
ᵤ֮󣬵̺ҩݵԺʵҲûĥ𣬱пԼߣ£յԵüҪ
յײ壬Ϊ˿ʥ֮УЩôӣӲ

ãеĻ棬ҲȫʧˣڲϵĻ֮УҩģѾ֮¶˳
ΪʥڲޱȣƵĹҲʮ־׼εĵҩ⿴Ǵɫ͵ɫ棬ױ֪εĵҩǿ֮
ǿֲĿԸ֪ĵҩԣҲȫ֤һ㡣
΢΢һЦֳһ˼ƿСĽȻֱӽȡ˻ֻǽɫĹȦ͹ȦȼŵĽ
˽ĳ̶ȣ׷ֳһֻ棬ʹеմȴǿʼٴε
ΣֱȡһƷԪʯȻֱӵýɵȻʼ


ڰ˼ ֮


215 ϵ
˿̣ײûг˼ֻŬǿʵѡ
ϾģǺصġ
ңΪȻȽϴȴû⣬ˣεҪ̱Ϊġ
ȻΪѾﵽ۷״̬ľۼ棬ȴûдﵽ״̬꾳磬ҲֻǴﵽ˺ڶѡ
˴εĿģ˽ﵽ״̬֮⣬Ҳ㽫꾳ڡ
ȻĿģḶ́ȴǲûдĿĵȥ̣ΪԪʯԵ֮
Ԫʯ޴ϵĳ׵Ľ֮УĿֲһҲ¶š
׿ԸоԪʯǿٶȣϵĽʱֻ˷̫ˡ
ȴǹ̺˻ҲһǴϾ˶ԣ꣬ԴﵽĿֲľǶ׶ԣȴǲ֮
׸Ž֮Լɱ䣬жʱҲ˼־ϲ
һжԤ֮нУһҲȽ˳
׿ʼԽķʽʼıܣʱ˾޴̲飬˽ķΧʱֱʡ
رܣ䣬ܷƵš
һʱ䣬ٴεĳĽĸо֮С
ǿ֧ţĳЧǿ̫ˣվʱ׸Ҳ
꾳磬ͣں֮󣬲ûٴεľǴ˿̣Ѿˡ
ܱľ֮УѾ֪޾ˡ
ȻȼţΪƺ˻ײûȥԪǲǻʧܣǽһȫĳĸ֮С
һľ磬ȻƺһףȻıľ硣
Ȼ׸о꣬ƺһƬůĺһ㣬ȫһů
ⲿҲɲǼůⲿĵɫ͵ɫг׵˱״̬ȻһļӲķ㡣
ĸо֮У׵ģƺõ޵졭
ĸо֮У׸ܵĵĿͿҲܵصĲС
ʱ䣬ƺ˺ܾúܾá
Ȼ䣬ռ΢΢һ׶ʱҲĸо֮о˹
Ȼ׷֣Լ꾳磬֪֮䣬Ѿﵽ˶Ƚٺڵľ硣
꾳磬һﵽ˶Ƚٺڣһ̶٣ǣȴǲ⡣
ΪûԪӤûνĶȽٵľ硣
Ȼﵽ˵ھŲʱ򣬻ȷʵٻǷĿˡ
꾳ķʹЩŵʱ䣬ǣ׸ܺһ֮󣬲ŷ֣ʱֻǹȥ˶̶̵¡
ǵģ£
˿̣ȻȼţƷĹԪҲѾҪˡ
Ȼ֪ʱĲ࣬˿
ΪֻŬĽʡһһʱ䣬˲̶ܸϵܵ˺
˳ֽľ磬֪Ҫľ磬Ҫıʱˡ
֪ںʱԪʯѾϣǿȣ˿ҲԵĿԱ⼫Ʒǿˣ龳磬ȻͣڽƿյĲΣǹ棬֪ĳ̶ȣѾñݵˡ
ʥأȻ䣬Ȼ֣ΪƬľ磬ʥ䣬˵ڶӡ
֮н⿪ķӡʹʥĿռȫķ˱仯
ɽˮгǳأ磬ʱҲȫ
û֮⣬磬ѾȫǻɵĿռ״̬ˡ
ռ䣬֪ȻԭĿռ䡣
Ǵ˿̵Ŀռ䣬ȴôӵɫʺϢԭĿռ䣬Ȼǿһ㣬ȻĿռ䣬ˡ
˵ڶ㣬ͬĻʥЧ
νıԴʥӵʮһʱռ棬ʱǱٵģ
Ҳ˵ʮ꣬ſȥһ꣡
õϢ׵̲סҪ˻ΪζţԼٻʮʱﵽĳһ־磬ʡʱ䣬ܺܶĥѣ
˶ң
Ŀᶨж˵
ʥ䣬ЧûǿػҲûбǿǽڶŴľ׸оԼҲӵĵӦ˺ܶ࣬ˣʵϣҲǵõǿġ
˹ʵͬһһĿռ䣬˵Ŀ⡣
Ȼһӽ⵽龳ĸ㾳磬ȻŽĿͶעһɫĹȦ֮С
ʱҩѾҪˣǵȴʱˡ
֮
ݡ
Ȼ䣬ɵ֮ĹԪΪƷμߣٶȣҲ죡
ֻǣЩ𵤷ٳ׼ݵʱһһ޴ɫ𣬶Ȼʮ׷Χȫİ
͡
ռʱյı죬ըʹЩľԵĵҩʱ΢΢ͣ͡
ʱһʥȡ֮ʱӿһʮżƷԪûκη֮ʱ۵գΪһŽ⡣
΢΢֣һƿʱУƿƿڶ׼Щ𵤣΢΢һʱһ׹ƿ֮з
ʮŽȻĲ鲻ԸģھԵʵ֮£Ǵͷɥƿ֮з롣
ʶĵԼǺͱܣʮŵΪƷĹԪǷͬһ㣬֪ûзأֻܹԹԵ־ܡ
ϾɣʶתƵ˵ϣ˵ǿȫ
һǻ֮ˣ𵤻ǱȫɢĽˣеԸġ
Ϊ׳֮Щɵıȡʢװҩƿ
кģʮŹԪʮˡ
ֻҪ걻ԪӤ𣬲ܶصˣڶʱָǹԪǿ
еļƷԪЧȻǿ
յ֮׵飬Ǻˬġ
΢΢Ŀ׶ʱоͱ˵Ĳ졣
Ŀޣͱʵû̫࣬Զԣ׶ʱҲоԼٶȵĿֲ
ȴҲ׵⡣
΢΢һЦƾճڶ˵ߣЦ裬һϢ
ˣѲⷨƷˣȻҲɵӣĲȻı䣬ĺȻŨ˰ٱʹ˲뵽˷Ŀܡ
ҲǼĵȴ׵Ĵ𰸡
׵ЦЦǷˣǷķӡΣҴ򿪵˵ڶ㣬Ҫǵǣʮ꣬ʱ䣬һ꣡
ңĻŨȣİٱֹһ㣬Ҳܵˡ

˶ʱĿɿڴռһ꣬ٱŨȵ൱һǧ꣡
ʵ̫˼ˣ
ɵ㶺ð죬Ŵռ䷨ǿ֮˹ˣ׵Ŀ⣬Ҳǹˡ
Ц˿ãҲĪҪļȥǴһ󣬵ʱǿסԻὫȡ
ˣ⴫˿ֲ룬⴫͵Ŀĵأһ򵥣ȻʵǿȴҲӦСĽ
ţ˵ĻҪ˼а
Ҳص˵ǴҲһĺ¡
޷ȻǱһǰȥ˵׵
ˣҲһͬ
˶ʱᶨ˵
֪⣬һЦģǵķ̫Σգȷʵֿ⴫ֻ²ô򵥵ĶҿɼЧɿһˡ
ˣҳȥˡ
˵꣬ʱʥ䣬ʱٴεĳ⴫ǰ
봫ڲ׸һʥ䣬ʱŷ֣һУ棬ӳʮʱ䡣
Ҳ˵ĶͳУȴǷʮ
΢΢ҡͷӵ뷨߽ġ
ڰ˹͵㣬һ˲׵Ժ֮С
ɫĺͰɫִ͵ϣֱ԰ɱֱдһĿĴ֣
һͷѾ亹ɭɭ΢΢еԪȴǸֹע˽ȥ


216 1
⴫ͨǡ͡ռ䡣
ռڲôģ׾ԲΪռʲô򵥵Ŀռ䡣
ǡҲԲʲôȥ
ȷʵûѡ£šź͡ţȷʵҲЩԥ
뵽ͺȶƵѡˡţı֮ضƶ
ѡŵǸ˲䣬һɺɫȻճ֣γһɺɫһ׶ʱɱ˽ȥ
һڴ˿̣Ȼᱻ˲ɱȴΪǿķѡ
ǿ˲ţϴǿ˺ѰʱײûѸٵĽʥ֮Уǽʥǿ˺ѵ˹ȥ
̣ԽƬ̣ױһĿռ䡣
ռ䣬͵ŋֻڵĿռЩƣͬ谵Ŀռ䣬ͬŵػܵȼţؼ䣬ҲͬѪɫĻĹâ
һУ˸оؿѹ˾ʯһѹ֮⣬ЩĪĹˡ
վڵϣԱҰȼյĵػ
Ҳɫģպ飬Ǵѥϣûдǿ߽ӴĵطҲûʲôס
վ
ĵطҲûðȻķųԼʶֻǾӦʱܷΣա
дһĻҶĲĸоֻ侲ӦţһκεΣգһ˲䣬ױʥ֮С
£׿Կ϶滷ʵڵģⱾ󷨣ҲỳԼжϡ
߶һоȴǿԽռһ㡣
ΧȻǻѪɫգǻȫı仯ˡ
׽̤һ˻ٱ䣬ȴǺֲͬ
Ψһûб仯ģѪɫĵѪɫˡ
ЩܾһʲôͻһֻѹֵĸоʹʮֵĲڡ
뵽ǡ׸ӵĽ˼֣״̬ӳֵǿ״̬
ȻĻȼ֮кȻ֮Ůӡ
ŮӣʮϤģʼԼߵѾ
նԼĪʮ׸ߣһǵɫսף͹¡
үû뵽Ҳȵ˵
үūڿٴεźүˡϲȴЩ˱˵
үԲ˵
ͷ΢΢һݣëʱͬʱΣյĸо˼㡣
ɲǼȫϢ״̬ͬʱеĽ飬ҲȻС
үͲûȥˡɱ
ȻһȴŤţ׾Ŀ֮У˵ŤһȴγǬģ
Ǭ˵ףҲн죡ɣ
˵ţһɻʱ׳ͬɽ鱬ͬ󽭱ڡ
һʵĿռ䣬һжͬһ㣬ǱˣȻã֪ʵģȫʵġ
нףֶ󷨣Ȼֱܷٵġ
һģǼˣֻ鹹ģҲġ
棬ѪɫĲ֪ǿ棬ײûеֿ˵ʥ֮С
ʥ֮֮Ƿ˼ĸоʧΣ͸ʥ䣬ŻҲһĳĬ
򵽵ʲôƺȥ˻ǺԼйصˣ︴Ϊа飿
޷֪
ǣ֮ǰݵһй仯ȷʵǳĿֲ
ʥ֮ͷһΪԤ֪ΣգЩ̤ռ档
ʥķҧҧ
ٴγʱֱӵĿʥռЧȻȻ̤˲
ÿһǬߵһ㣬ǽ²ʱ֣ÿһʱմһ
Ž飬ºԥĳǰȥǰ쾡ͷһѪɫɽ壬֪ɽ壬ȴ˴ۡ
ÿһһЩʥķûз
ǵЩ洩͸ʱܻ̲סĴ
Щ͸һ㣬Ƿķûκεһ㡣
ڽ֮УȻһ£ȴ̫谭
ײûЩĶȻܿš
ռ䲻ô䣬ǰѪɫɽǾĴܵѪɫâҲɡ
ܻûͬҲ֪ߣһ죬Ѫɫɽǰ
һδε֣ӿʼļʵߣ֮ڤ棬˶Ӷĳˡ
ԪӤڵ飬Ѿûа취ˡ
ÿЩ˳֣ҲܽΣеĽ㶸Ȼ
Ծռһ㣬չĿǣһԪӤ֣ϵıɱ
ǣŹ̵ƣ׿޵顣
״̬ޣһݵӣϲϵ˸ѪɫĹâһ˫Ѫɫ˫ۣǿҵĳ޺ͷŭ
ףһΣӣ
޷ŭ˻쳹׵Уȴüͷûգһ¡
ǲ󷨣£׶һеˣΪĻһС
֮ǰĳԣ׺ܴĽѵԳ鱬ը㽫麳ѾȫΪǸõˡ
ʲôѻģҲγɵģ֪Լйصȥÿһص飬ؽ
ӣЦ
޽Ѫɫ磬أѪɫ׵ֵʱ򣬱Ѿʼ
ʶʥ䣬û˿ĵֿ
Ѫɫ٣ݺݺըʥϣʥ΢΢һ㽫Ѫɫ׵練˳ȥ
͡
Ѫɫ׵֮ݺݵĺըϣ޻˿ֲѪɫâȻը˿
޵ôٴεʧˣ׵Ŀ⣬һˣӵ
ˣ⵽ǸôĿռ䡣
ٴ˼гһµʱ򣬹Ȼ˵Ӱֵʱڵõ֤ʵ
һۣпʧɡ
΢΢һʱʧ
׿˿ܣжʱпͬʱ꣬Ҳһ̹ƽš
ֻأϢһͬԴֺαؿȥ򣿡
֮ģϽ֮⣬
һ̣ȷ˵Щˡ
滯ϼ⣬ϵȻһվۺϳһγһѪɫĽ
ѪɫϵԶ룬ѪɫԶĹ֮У˳ɫ
ů£Ѫɫĵ棬ͬƽԭů£𽥵ڻ˿˱αװ
شأ︴ա
磬ѹ֮Ϣȫʧˡ
磬һƬ
ǣ֪Ⲣ޵Ͱȫ⣬ֻΪԼĸ򣬴ѡ
ǣΪƽ־ᶨ̬ƽͣ׶ĻҲȻ
̤ƽĲ˿ǰɽͣ΢΢һЦѪɫɽ˵ĴɫɽȻɽǿռ䣬ȴѾա
һΣߵĹ֮УֵģĶ
һĻǽ÷ףӺҫĶǧΰţ꽫ѧ˶ֵľ硣
ڶĻӰΪ׵ԭ£һ𣬱ͷʹֿ࣬ˮһſŵš
Ļ˽ߵĶ׵Ļŭ׸磬滵ɲٽͷŽ˶ˡ

ÿһĻôĶ
΢΢һЦҸЦݡ
ǣһ̣ݺһǿ׵һ㣬ʱĻȫѣһ̣ٴѪ˸졣
̾Цû뵽Сľŵˡ


217 2
ߣȻѪɫء
ԭ磬Ȼ
֪£ѾٴεתΪ֮Ľ棬һ˲ɡ
ѾײûΪĳŵĿ峺ƬѪɫɨһۡ
ȻĬĬš
ߵḶ́ȻѣľпգԼ󷨵Ĳ־ĸ׵ĲܳȣҲܼᶨ
ÿ̤һΧĻȻڲϵı仯Σգȴûн١
ΪһҲ׵Ԥ֮С
֮Ļһֱûб仯׵ģҲһֱıпա
飬Ҳûг֣Ҳûг֡
ŲĲǰǰɽҲ𽥵ĳǰ
һͬȴͬɾһĸɽɽ£һۿȥ˵ĸоЩƮ졣
õѪɫƲɽζɽ䣬ˮƣͬöʵ
ϣһȵӾ
룬ɽ˹ȥ
һʱ򣬾޴Ȼ֣ĹͷȻ俦һ˿Ϊǿʱ
޴ʹֱ۶̧Ϊ徭ĴȻǿʥȷֿ£򱶣£ǿȻײٵ
һҲԤ֮УȻû뵽ƣǳ״Ѿˡ
ķ˵ϣĽӴ֮ѹ˲١
ʶһһżƷԪʱ˿С
ʱһԪӿȫ类Һϴһһʡ
Ѿϵ˫ȣƬ̱ѾָƷԪĹЧȴȻڷš
ĵһɽȥ
ԽϣȻܵѹԽ󣬺ڳ֮⣬ûĽƻɱ֡
־ᶨһɽţһʱ֮ȻֻԼһ׾룬ƵķΧҲǹȥˡ
ϵľ޴ѹһɣ׶ʱоȫ
վڰɽ׿˿ܣȻһƬʣתû˿ԥǰš
ǰϵĵطһ޼ʣûлľҲûо
һУЩòʵײûЩǼߡ
ûƣ׵ٶȿ˺ܶ࣬ҲûУֻô˫ȿٵš
һΣ˽һʱûгΣա
ʱ֮һɽĵطԭӦѪɫƲƮֻǴ˿̣ƲȶѾʧȡ֮ģֻ޾ա
ǰͨɽϵ·ϣһɫĹȦȦ˸ţĵطһڶ
׶ɫĹȦĿţ˼˺ܾã̧𲽷ŹȦ˹ȥ
ûв´Ӧһڿռ֮ŵĶ棬ӦǽƬɽʵ֡
һֲ˺ѵȴ׵ıʥķֵ
һֻ̣վԭأǣΧĻһıˡ
ЩϺѹС겻ϵţ˲䣬ϣѾϵˮ
£һƬɫĲݵأͨɽ壬µĲݵȻɽ͵ƽ档
ڼľˣߴֱĲ֪ľʱ͸¶һɹɳһɷʹײ
м·ǰͺ󷽣ôԡ
С꣬ȻţʥıػֱӵĽЩˮ
ײϵɽţܸһܣɽ⿪
׼ӿ˲ⲻ֪ˮϵǰš
˸ʱ֮ɽ
ɽ䣬ˮ֪ʱѾ˶ëѩѩɽ˼һļʵ̶ȣﵽĳ̶ȡ
ɽһƬ£֮£һƬɲ⡣
׽̤齣о֮ϣƺЩر𣬱˹ȥ
ⷭڵ׾ͬڷѩҹ֮УһʢСׯһ㣬оôĽơ
֮ϣǰҰȻ仯ռѾһ档
һʢʮƮ㡣
һ㣬ʹ΢΢Щ
ԭѩҰѩ壬˿ȴǻɾһʥء
߽룬ȴǲĿ֮УһγһһĴڡ
һĵкڣֻʲôˣţСķ˹ȥ
ֺܼ򵥣ֻ֣ûӡ
֮ϣһĴ죬һѪɫ
һۣױ֪ģֻȻ֪ײûжԡ
ϵı仯ϵܻգǱϡȻ𽥵ں
׵Ŀ֮УںˣһâȻʧա
ĿգֻӳһŵУʱ׵С
һʵƽУе֣ȴǲ
Ĵɫģʵ޻У˫Ŀʱһ֮Уһö徲
壬ּ塣
׿ź壬΢΢ԥȡ˳
У׿˿ķ棬ȻԿ֡
Ȼ֪壬͵ĺ壬֮ͬˣҲЩ˵ľϲĸоˡ
ϸĴУ׷֣УӦ˵ġ塯
϶ۣ׵ʥ䣬ȻϸĴ
ٴεĵõö壬׿š֣Ҳ²̺
ĺ壬ȥ֣صȥִص
ǧꡯ֣ȴǴǧǧ꾲ޡ
ô⡮ʲô
׳ţҧҧݺĺ塣
飬ʱ
Ǭת޹⡣
˲䣬ĸоٴεĳ֣ûκεķʱռɵ
ܾãԺ֮һۣЩȻ
һƬʮʵĿռ䣬ԶɽˮԶгǳأҲ֮ˡ
Ӧһ£޷ӦԷΪ
Σ֪ǳʲôط
ʶӦ֮˵װ֮һʱװҲˣͬʱ֮ٴγ֣ͬʥЧҲЧҲȫĴ򿪡
ײΪһƽĵط
ǰһǳأһʱҲŷɽǳǳطȥ
սǳطΧ׶ʱоһ쳹ԼС
޻ǷΧУߣɱ⣡
һٿǳϿգȻһУʱֻôӿ¡
ز죬ײһΪһС¶֣ҶԷֻŵı޷͸ʵҲֻܵſ
ԶԶµʱ׾ע⵽˳ǳص֡޻ʮǡ
ǳص֣׿Բ²⣬޻еʮǣҲеһǣҲ˵޻ǣӦðʮǳء
ÿһˣ׾һ£ȴǿ͸Ϊ
мȴǿСĵţȻųȥ
һϣʵҲ͸ԽǣЩȴͬûмһȫû
ǳ֮׿ŴƵˣһźܴòҲЩ죬Լʲôط
ʵͷʹ֮ĵ
˿ǰһջ¥ױ׼ȥҸʵͨ͸Ӧһ£ȴǲڿջԱ߲Զһꡣ
״з˼ʱҲǾϲ˹ȥ
꣬ɼģʽֻЩǱˣ޷ۿ


218 ޻ǡңˮ1
׿˿ָһ򣬶һС˵
С鱾Ĳͷ˿̼ʼۣɨһ׵ȫ£ȻƷڤԪʯţۣҪҪҪ뿪
ڤԪʯ΢΢һ㶡
ڤԪʯ
С˱ĵĿһۣȻǲͷ
΢΢óԪʯˡ
С˶ԪʯһۣʱĿɵĹԲԪʯԪʯһž͹ˣүɽ
˵յһɹʱ˳ס
еԪʯҲȻʧһš
΢΢ֱӵĽǡ޻Ǽϡ
ţ˸˵Ľ䣬һȻʧĵط
һ̣׶ʱʥڲռ䡣
һʶʱӦȥֻǣԭԲˬĶȡķ˿ȴʧˡ
ף
΢΢һʱаһ㣬ٴεӦ˹ȥȴȻˡ
⻹аˣ
Щ˼ȴûһεĶȡ޻ǵϡ
˼ܾã״˵֮һ£ȴǹķ֣ǧǧȴûһ޻ǵġ
ٴεһ㶣׸
ΣǰŪ˰ɣ׺
˲䣬һһţ׻һ𣬺ȻС˵ڤԪʯѵǴ֮Ϊ˼Խ磬ħصڤô
ݺһڤ磬ֻȥˣŻ
ңȥˣʵȽǿ󣬱̬ڤ֮
ڤ磬Ƕ߻ħ֮ˣһǾԵĳӵġ
Ϊڴ֮Уڤ磬ǱħϷӡ硣
ڤ磬֪Ĳ࣬ܶ࣬ҲǵõһЩԶѡ
£ǿֲĺ塮ϵڤ磬ԵúȻˡ
壬ɽ綼ᣬΪʲôѵڤ磬ʲô˵ܣ
ЩɲڣЩ޷ԼȻôȥ
ţҲʱˣڤ磬ôĶȡʽҪڤ֮
ڤ֮
ΣֻԽϣƿԼ꣬Ȼ֮ȥӦ
ȻһΣ΢΢һӦʱѾȡˡ
׸Ӧһ֪ʶð죬ŴӳĬ֮˹
ȻȻڤ硣
ԭֻ֮ͨأڤ硣
ǿֻ꣬Ҫ£Լڤˣ̬ԣģ꣡
걾űʵнڤ磬˶꣡
ˣľ磡
𵤣ͿʵˣԪӤУ
һĴУĻˣ𵤡ԪӤϵΪ
޻ǣֻڤһͨѣ
޻ǵϺͲּ飬Щˡ
ߵݣֻǻᱻڤĨɱ
ڤǲͬģڤ磬ǼħȽһġ
Ҳ˵޻ϣ߿ֻ𵤾磬ǿ߿оżڤ۵ľ磡
ͷѾð亹
֪˿̵ͨԪӤˣ£ʲôڤ֮ĸ֣ǻܱԷһɱ
ʤ֪꣬⡮ĺˣǽһĻ
ûʱմң壬˵ݣڤ硣
ЩΣѾСˣ
ûڤٺãڤڤ۵ȸ֣ȫ·һˡ
٣ҪȥҪһڤȻдڤ֮ɣ
ֻǣѶȣǶôĴ󰡣
׺ΣǼȻ޻ǣôĶʥ䵱ͷڹ꣬Ҳ׵ķ
׳ʥȫķȫȻȫϢٴεĳ档
ӽ˳߽֮ǰǼҿջ׼ȥһϤĸо
Щ˼תȴǿϤŮ˵Цţڽֱ
׺ݺݵգգۣȷʵԼӦûп
㣬㣬˵ʦγأҪʲôʦأ
ʦָʲô˵ǺĵТʦúõʲôҪʦĸˡ
ţ˵ȷʵٲõģ߰ɣȥʦЩϵȵƣʦȽϲ
㣬㣬и˿ء
⣬ˡ
үүүˣ

ɵ㶵ģ΢΢һЦ㵽򣬾ȻˣңԼѾߡ
ǵүô
˲ߣ΢΢Ц
ү
˾һԭЩϲȻɫʮֵıݡ
үԱ𣬶Ǽ澺
үū澸ū澡
˶ʱ¹ģ΢΢һůǺǣүûйǣҲɡ
ѾȻڵûж
΢΢ҡͷһһʵʰĽ˷
ǲغҿεҺܶණҪչأǺǣǰĶȥˣԺһҾͺá
΢Ц˵
˵ذףҲɴˣ崿ޱȣֻǻڤ֮޷Ӧ˾Щ졣
үܲƽ𣿡Сʵ˵ջƵŴ˫͵ס
ײģؿڣȻ˿
ҲǽѵģĿһĵүԺʦūػ֮ˣбѣǻɢ
ţǡ
˵ĶģҲ˼׽֮⡣
Ͼڤ磬һҪȥѶȿ֪
Ҫʦʦʲôأ
ֵʵ
үūǵʦһҲ˵ģԭڽϺģȻڤ磬޻ǣū澵ʦȻܴһ˶ū澽ˡ
ǹ˵
ȴЩ˲غҲԳū澣׵ˣô⡣
Ѿͷ۾һ죬Щжĵллү
ţȥҲŲɣΪʵѾ𵤾磿
ײʵ
ȷʵʶӦԷΪǿӦȴ׸ܳ˵ΪԪ硣
ꣿ
ү㲻֪ͷԼʲôɽʱǰٱһѾ˿ˡ
ʦҲʮˣ
ֻ꣬ʦʮǿأٶȣԼȡ
һٱһʱ
һžը׳Ծ˼㣡
ײǵʦңˮ棿
Ѿͷʱɴ˫ۣ˼Ŀס
˫Ŀ⣬ĽĶ׵үǴڵ㣬ǰˣҲůˡ
΢΢һЦعͮͮһ£Ծʮ㣬ʵĳ̶ȣҲľ
ʱ߲ѣ˫糺죬ȴǽЦѣţ
ȴǵˮʱˣȥңˮɡ
ѾͷʱæӦţõģү롣
˵ţŮһһһȻǰ·


219 ޻ǡңˮ2
ߵѾ߸˵ģҲ֪˷˶Ľᣬͬĺο
׵ǲûе뿪⣬Ϊһ˵ֻҪ˷ľʱ򣬸÷ʱȻںηһһǣǳ˫ԵģҲ˵֮ͨôҲһлȥĺ塣
ΪһҲġ
ңΪȽٺڵ꾳磬ȻʵҲǿ󣬵ŻĵطȽٺڣҲǺܲˡ
Ͼ꣬ڤǵʵҲ̫ߣֲرࡣ
кǰСĴ·ģҲɸһ˿Ц⡣
ãױһȽӴլԺ
˵ѾڳǳصĽˣ޴լԺƣֺЩ̾ġ
ϸ룬ʮ꣬ҪûĵطȷʵҲ˵ȥˡ
ԺûһԵñȽϿյһȥȴ֪Ժ⣬ޱȵ󷨡
ϸ˿󷨣һļƷ󷨣廹ǲ
˽֮кȻЩĪĸоƺƺӦңˮϢмֵϤм˵ζ
ĸоʹ΢Ľ˼֡
ԺǿտǰһķˮأˮˮԶķţ漸겻֪ҩɢž޴ͨһ㡣
ǰһⰻȻ¥ֳĻɫ
΢΢ĸӦһȴֻоһͬһ㡣
Ȼ֣ȴȻ򶨡
Ǹ߸ߵɫǽһǽڣȻ󷨸֮ԺӣҲһ塣
ĿƵɨһۣԺ䣬˳ӡˣ׿󷨣Ժ䣬ʵϤ֮
ѹˣԭңڤֳģ
лȻһ̣ˡ
լԺǺңԭģһ޶ֻΪ󷨣忴Щһ
׸Ȼͬһ𣬴󷨣˵ɫĸ¥ǰ
ʦүݼ˵Ȼߵ˵
ףȴʱû¹
ȻңˮȷʵǳʱûмˣҲ׼ݡ
ܸоһ˫ĿʱͶעϣײûֻװ֪
˿̣Ŀ⣬ҵĶԼ˼ֲڡ
ĵҶ֪Լζң
һ룬׶ʱʧԭأȻȻվţעӵĿ⣬ȴҲ޷ˡ
ס
΢һȻ֮У𽥵۳һˮܽһ峺Ůӡ
Ůݣȣһٸ߸ߵ˿ഹ£񣬹Өˡ
΢΢̵ͦı£һӣһС죬ӣᱡ
֮䣬һɵ翪
ֻ˫ĿﲨޱȵĹâףĿԵм־ϲмʧ䣬мֱݺΡ
㣬ǰ磿
ͬ鶯ޱȵͬߵһ㣬ҲͬĴżԹϢ
΢΢һȴûԼģĲпգǰĺ󱲣ǣҵĵʮĴˣȴǰĽˡ
Ŀ΢΢һݣ漴չ˿˵Ц⣬ʹÿռҲ΢΢һů
ŶԭףѹֺͰƵϢǺǣǶҽɡ
ңˮ΢΢һЦȴĿһۣһΣ׵궼һ¡
һֳĸоȫ¶˳׵оþòɢ
ӣˮʶˡ
׿ЦͬʱҲ֪ԼʵװֻǱȽ׵ģЩϼһǰʵڡ̫ˡ
ףǳڽײûзſϢĸӵˡ
ˮ棬ͬˣһͬ˸¥
Ȼˮ΢΢һЦת֣֮ռ΢΢һ䣬Ȼһȫı任ģ
𾪣Ѿ弶Ʒˡ
弶Ʒ󷨣ڵһ󷨣󷨣ѾɾǬռ䣬ȫǼ˲õֶˡ
ƾ󷨣֪ңˮʵֻǱȾżɵľ綼ǿ
ʮﵽ㾳磬ٶȣֻ˵ͬʮֲֿģ
һ½ȻԪڣѾǺ˲ĳɾˡ
˶Աȣɼһߡ
ңˮȻˣӱ濴ȥһĶŮٻӰ
ֻȻо̾ΪˣҲֻǾ̾ѡ
Ҳɡ
ңˮȻ
ʱ׵ˣңϣʱ˳
ױ֣Ϊңˮ֪Լʱ򣬼ңϣжʱȻ
ԭȻˡ
ϣЦ
ԭСֵܣȻ
ңԭʮָˣȻ뵽ˣѾ֮ˣвҲʮֵܡ
Ǻǣϲļ
ЦЦңһĵ
ңȻ֪׸ʲôãǶ׵ΣеĵҲɳ˼֣ңȻѾˣǱҲȥȥˡ
С㣬ǰ˵ң˵
ңˮ˵ͷȥѡҺЩҪ̸
ǣС㡣
ң˵ȻЦſƺɵһ˵ѾͷǣģΣ߰ɡ
˴˹ʮ־ϲĵʦӦԼѡô
ʦ̫ˡ
ʦɱΪǵү
ʦ
СѾͷʱߴߴûû
ЦݣңˮĿǼ˵ĴȰ
ĵȥɣʦֻЩҪү˵˺үģǵģһȺûĵѾͷүͲҪʦˡ
ңˮһɲǵķ飬ȴ׵һһĲ
ңϴѾ߸߸˵ȥ󷨿ռ֮е
һ̣ңˮԭƶЦݣȴ𽥵
˲ı仯ʹͬҲҵʱͬĽ
ңˮףĿŵŭ⡣
ĿͬĳҵĶңˮϣ״ǲκ˵ġ
ףǴ󵨣Ȼ嵽ڤˣǲǱˣ꣬ᱻڤٺҵճ޵ģ
ңˮǷŭĵ
΢΢һ㶣Ȼ֪ңˮ͸ԼΪû뵽ô
ǣ̬֮УҲ֪ңˮʵǺںԼ
ںЩĪȷʵ׵кǸж
ǰĺܶԲʵҲģĳԵǣ޻ĮҴ˽ȥĴȻĪĽνġ򡯡򡯣ȻĻɽ䣬
˺壬Ķûô˵˳
ңˮ΢΢޻Į޻Įʵ޻ΧĽ󷨰ʥ󷨣ôܴĹ
ʥ󷨣Ǭ󷨣ײ
Ȼ䣬ƺڤεĴڵˡ
ڤ磬ǡʡ͡ʡĹϵһ㡣
˳ʥ֮󣬶߹һ֮⣬ڤ磬ҲԼ磬磬Ҳν桢ɽ硢磬ֻЩǺڤһġ
Щ֪ԼҪ뿪ĵ·ѾȫĲˡ
Ҫͨ뿪ѶȣֻǸӵĴ
㾹Ȼ֪Ǭ󣿡ңˮһ˫ӶףЩĺˡ
漴ңˮ̾ˣİţңˮ찲ա


220 ڤ
֪Ǭ󷨣ô裬ѾܸˣܿԽ޻Įڲ󷨣ʵϣѾ˾ڤķˡ
Ǻǣڤʥʥ֮⣬㻹ǵһڤأŸΣա
ΪĲͬĴڣǺĿռ䷨ΥģһĽ֣Ἣ˵ңԼʮֽʵ̫ˣڤ۵ʵ޷͸㣬㵽Իᱣ㰲ȫ
ǼȴҲΥķϣ̬档
ңˮ˵
ңˮĻȻˡ
ڤۣǲ൱ɵ۵ľô
ɵۣɽ綼Ǻ绽˰ʮ꣬ʹﵽľ磿
漴׺Ȼ뵽ʱҲǧɣѾǽھŲľ˰ɣʵҲʮֲֿģ
и̾˹Ȼǲţֲٶȣʵۡ
գЦȻްֻ̬棬ȴǽձʽȻУȴԪ֮ڤԪǲͬġ
ңˮʵҲûʲôʵĲͬ㽫Ԫյ֮У굱壬Ԫ棬ֵıڤԪˡ
ڵΪȽϵͣĻǴڤԪֻͬԪһڤ֮
ڤ磬Ƶľڤʹڤ֮ɽһľ磬ʹõıڤԪﵽڤľʱ򣬱ڤ֮ˡ
ϣɽĻ֣ûʲôķֱ𡣡
ңˮϸĽţ׶ʱҲȻ
һԼĽ˳Ȼ󣬽ʥ֮С
ɢŵĹΣȻ𽥵Ļױģ
һΣңˮȴĿһףòŵţ㻹ŰҪǼĴ˵ķģ
Ǻǣ궼˽ûпķ壬ʵǴӱǿ˰ˣ
ʤȻ˰
ף㣬ңˮξΥҲڣ
ңˮն˵
ЩжȴЦǰµģģ֪ôӦڤ֮ˡ
ң£Ҳһڤô
ȻڤΥأ
˵ˣ⣬Ҳѣԣǰصʲô
һ˲õĹ£Ҳ˵
΢Ц˵˵ȴĹڽγɵתȻȴѸٵܱڤ֮
ңˮĿһ漴ЦȻ츳Ǻǣ˵Ķ԰ɣȻѾڤ֮;ұҲൣˣֻķǧҪ¶Ϣ
ףķȷʵķ㾹Ȼôö֮Ĵϣ
ңˮ˫ĿɵôģŭĶס
ײһתڤ֮֮ʥϢȻһͬĽս׺սѥϡ
걻ˣȻǿ޸ģǺȻ뿪ûкãôһо͵군ˡ
Ϊ뵽ս״ڽϡ
ңˮĿٴ¶֮ɫСӣֶλǲ٣ˣҷǷˡ
΢΢һЦĿȴľ⡣
Ŷǰһ¡
оңˮʧ䣬ܲ²⵽ڻֵıңˮ뵽죬к˸аա
ʲô£ңˮĺܺãĿ˺Ŀ⣬ȴǹĺͲ֮ɫ
浽񻹻ţƺ˽ĵھŲ㣬ǽǵľ硣׿ңˮ۾˵
Ŷţ㾳磬ȻҲˡңˮ׵Ŀ⿴Щҡ
õм仰оþòð׻˵
ʲôңˮҿ׵Ŀ⣬Щĵ
ǿŮˣһ͸Ȼһ
и̾ȴûбֳʲôңˮϾǳԼ¶ʲôֶڳĸ¡
ĸжں޼ǧ꣬ңˮ˿ڴӱܵ񣬶Կ
һ˸γ϶ֱĸ飬ǵθ飬Ȼûн
һλ׿νǼ̡
ңˮ˫ۣĿƽƺܵ״ŹĿ⣬ңˮҲ
ȻųβĲֱ˳
͸ʮ֮󱲣ʵ˴Ǵţ˻Ϊң
౯ﾭ꣬辶ˡ߼֮·򼫵֮ǳ̣֮ʷԼĪҪϰ
ԵõÿջʹޣԾѪ꣬ѪпѪ֮Ȳ㣡ֻǣ򣬵õΣ֮Ѳ٣ֻһ֮
֮мǣ
֮һڳãڿ⽭󱲽ǣǣ
ʮڹʮ֮򣡺ҵô˾ҪΪ䣬ĪΣ
ˣʡ

磬ˣ
ңˮ꣬Ϲ䣬ȴʧ
֪꣬ԭᶼģңˮȴˣᣬȻû¡
ûУ棬⹦֮ɱˣȴǳɾ˽֮˰콣һ
׵Ȼ˵Ҳһꡣ
ңˮ磬ĺɵңˮֹȽʱҾѾ֪һ־֮ԣɱңԼһ֮ڣĽ
ɵġ
ңˮ˵࣬и̲סһꡣ
ȷʵԭһУȷʵΡ
ǰҲ̫ѹȻʱɱˣȴɾ˽֮ܳɾ˽Ǿ磬ʵҲǺ˵õġ
һص֮󣬱ȥǸ磬߰飬ֻҪŬ˶ãǱˡ
ǶţֻҪôܿʥ˾ġ
ңˮǼѹģҲЩͬܣ˺Լβ㣿
ڣˮˣֻҪʥ˾磬ط꣬Լʥ˾磬ڣֻ춼
ң˶סԼô˳Լʥ˾磿
ͷţĿҲ˺ܶˡ
ңˮȴǽһжС
ƺΪ飬ͻĳЩĽᣬңˮ׵Ŀ⣬ǴȰ
뵽ͬĽңˮҲһε̾Ϣ׵ֵӣɣǰ˵ɣ治żȻɡ
΢΢һ㶣漴۵ǣԼﾹЩĪĸо
ܵңˮĸһĴ֮⣬ĸоʧˡ
Ƭ̣ңˮһյĴ
ܶԵЩܴŨڤԪӣңˮƽʱĵطˡ
ĵطһԲεĹһĶԱߣһΣƺʮֵʡ
׵֣ңˮԱߣ΢΢һӣһɵ㡣
⿿εԱߣʱһһģһĹӵĿΡ
΢΢һЦңˮȥɣǺǣǺʵġ
ԣҲȻһЦȥ
ʱ괫һ˲õʵĸоȫҲʮֵůľ磬ƺһ̣Լгƾĸо
Ҳһ⾳ҪǰҪ˾磬֮ǰٵģ
ڤ磬ٿĶ
ǲҴ⣬ŬƽԼ̬ѹסˬ֮⡣


221 ˵ķ
֮¶ǰܵģңˮɿ֣㣬׵ҲĪĿһ£Ȼů۵ֱ뿪Լ֡
аԼ̬ȴǶңˮֶ˼Ī׽
ңˮһһġӡĳƺҲֻεĽܡ
ϣϾˣԼĹߣңˮƺûʲô
ˣ׵ģҲ𽥵ƽ
ԼĶģΪңˮһ¶ѡ
ΪĳЩ˸еƣ̬ų˵⡣
Щ֮ױҲȻˡ
ңˮ׵һɵ㡣
ױֵú򶨺ƽңˮڴĿ⣬֪Լ֮ǰ˵ģңˮĹעҶڳԣͬңˮ㣬˿̵֪ʱƺ˽Ľһ㣬ϴŵĺΣڴĿס
Σֻ˵º˵Ḷ́룬˵Լ飬Ҳ˵һǰ˵顣
ңˮ׻ȫŵùģϾͬһĸһˣһϵӣҲûʲôġ
ߣңˮ۹⣬ʥ䣬ѾЩɻˡ
һŮˣײûıҪ
ϾҪˣڤ磬ķС
Ҳʵһԭ
˵صһǰһǰǧص˽ңˮ𾪵ĵӣ֪浱Ƿʮ꣬ǵɽſĵĽ̵ģΪɵؼǱĴ˽ġ
ңʱ棬ɲĴܣЩΪɽȽѡ
룬֮ǿôߵĶ֣
ȴĲˣҲԣΪ㣬ɾ͵˲õĽȴմڸ㣬ϵˡ
Ŀɿڴû뵽
ţѭʱ⻹һССĻԵѣʲô
˵ģΪڹȥ֣ûֵġˡȡСˡˡ֣ȴΪδӡˡԼеõģѭѭˣ֪кڣˡֵ
ʵѭ֮ǰӦѾˣΪѭһͻƿڶѡ
ʵϣԽصһǰ㣬ȣĻôһжƽˡ
㴦Ǹռʱ˵ġˡ֣ʵӦһˡ
ô˵ܶôʵѭѣҲνˡ
εҡҡͷЩǿԴģ漰Щͷ
ңˮ˵ÿһ仰׶ܶģһ𣬾ʲô˼׷Ϳˡ
Ƿ֮û飬ܶ
ֻ֪һ֡ѭˣҲû塣
ǰǵĹЩ涼óұ˳͸ˡ
Щʥ˶ĹȻңˮҲǿġ
ңˮ΢΢һЦƿֻѡһЩֻҪ֪һЩУҪ̫룬ȷʵбҪһ£ܵĻЩǬҲá
ӣҿǵúúõллˡ
ǰҲҿֻ֪˶ʲô취ûУ
ĿƽȻ֪Ϊһʥ˳֣ϲܴڤѰƽķȻϣܴңˮĿһȽϺõϢ
ңˮ˺ܾãŵǲ׼ģΪڤ磬ֻҪǴﵽڤ۾˶ַ֪㣬Ҳסġ
ߣǰ飬Ҳ㡣
ȷʵУĺѡ
ңˮЩص˵
ͷһֻ˵˵ʥ˾ϣȴû˵ﷴϣȻڴ
˼˵ԡҲ˵
ңˮ
ѵϵ׵
ţԡָһѪѪһֳޣѪѪԡ
ڤ磬ΪԴﵽڤ۾ˣһڤ֮һαѪĻģ˵ѪѪǲġ
УֻǻҪĲݡҪ޾飬Ҫʥ˽ʯң㣬ٻҪһʥУ
׻һ㣬þò
˵ѪѪεõĵĲݣҪõֱ췽ҹ̷
ҳ޾飬ҲڵԪӤɱܵõ޾ƹܵ٣
ɱ˾
ʥ˽ʯһʲô˲
󣬹ʥܽԼռµʥ޵ʥˡ
ңǲбرĶ˵ܲܳɹҲ˵
̾˿Ŀᶨ⼫εļԺ֮С
ȷʵڤɯȴ˶мӣⶫҲ֪ұΪˣȴΪ걻ƻ޷ڤ磬ѯһ쳣֮ĽȰ취ɯȴȥڤˣŵõķ
һڤȻҲ֪飬ңڤ֪ģҲѪ֮Ѫѡ
ңˮ˵˵꣬Ҳĵ̾˿
ȴЩΣ֪ⷽӦǴ˵ˣڤ𣬻ʥ˵ıԵˣٽһʥ˾硣
ڤͳߵĽǶȿӦǲмٵġ
ֻǣ˵ں˽ҪӵĶࡣ
˵걻ɢˣȻͬɢǵˡ
ڤ磬Ҳĵһμ
ңˮҲ֪֮
ãңˮŵҲֻһһˣѰ飬ǻ飬Ƚ˵ռ棬Ȼʹۣ취ںϰɡ
Ȼں֮ǰҪ˵ģƺǲ̣ʹ࣬ʵ̫
ңˮЩ˵ȥˣЩˡ
Ȼ˺ʹ࣬ҲһΡ
飬ʲôأ
飬һ챾ԴʥȴڻκУֻڤ
ÿڤϣܴĳһŻ飬ֻڡ
ܹһʮţǵĿǰΪֹѰ˺ܶ࣬ȴûһҵڤҲûܵõһŻ顣
Ҳ󣬾׳깥ܳ䲻˵꣬ҲܽռһȻں
ֻǣһֻ飬ֻںһ֮еһ͵Ļǡ
ңˮĽͣˡ
ͬʱڤûеõ飬ѰѣѾҪˡ
ңˮ˵ͷѾףҲ˼ο˵꣬Գ֮Ϊǡ
һΪ꣬Ϊػ꣬Ϊꡣ
ߣһ壬ۣΪΪ࣬ΪΪӢ
ΪΪǵУָ
֮УΪػΪΪ
У۶ΪΪǣΪΪǣӢΪΪǡ

̵ĽҲϸš
飬飬һʮţֱ顢ػ顢飻顢顢顢顢顢顢Ӣ顣
֪˽⿪ϣףΪʲôֻʥ˾ˡ
Ϊʥ˾磬޴ӽڤ磬Ҳ޷õ򵥵õʮ飬ɱҲõݡ
ңȻԼֿܴܣôˣҪģѵͲַ֪


222 齣ɱ1
ȻӦ֪ûƽˣҲ˵ⷽһƽ⡭
ǣֻҪһϣҲϣ
ľ֮߹׶ûоʲô˿̣ͬĲȥʲô
ԣ˿̣ǺΪУȻҲǲġ
ǰлл㣬ôˡ
ϵ˵
ɵӣȻ·ܳҲҪ̫ļر棬ǲżȻֻǹһģңͱĹͬļֻ⡣
û㣬˵ôȥ
ңˮĳĵоǣ²³çʵãȴǲҪǴɱɱģȻܱƳǱҲʵںΣգĸˣԷǲл뷨ռܵġ
׵˵ͷǰЩ㶼ģȻзִġ
ңˮ˵ͷŶĹһ㣬󳡵Ѫȷ磬ԼԺһҪע⣬㹦ȻãǻϰһЩڤĹɣҲ̫˾ù졣
һΪעĿ㣬ķȣĺܺãҲᱻǿ߿Ƶģûǿʵ֮ǰǵ÷Ҫ͵
ֳϿҵĵ˵ͷʾԼ˶ԷĻ
ڤֱǡˮڤԪˮĵáúòһȻڽ󣬵Ŀǰ޻ǣǺܴġ
˵ţңˮʱö侧ʯ׵С
ֱӴݶ꣬ż侧ʯѶϢȡԺ֮УŽż侧ʯͻңˮ
ĬƬ̣ȴǸж
ˮĵáȴңˮʮһ˷Ĺ
ңˮԼȫĴڸףʹдܴ
ǺǣҲظжʵϣһ⹦ǿ̫࣬Ҫռ㲻ٵıˡţЩѾͷлˣҲȥɣԺĻĵзġ
ңˮЦ˵Ҳ΢΢һЦ˵ͷȻңˮ档
ճ˾ʮָˣоһƷɽȻͬڹڤͬ
˿ĵӣּңοģ׵ʱҲʮֵĺá
ʦүǳ
ĵĺ
׺ңˮЦݵĵ˵ͷ
ֻǣ˼жʱһɹĸо׶ʱͣƬ̡
תڤ֮׺ȻӦٵ٣
ȷʵ꾳ﵽ˶Ƚٺڣٲ٣ҲȷʵЩˣ֮ǰľﵽ͵ĸоҲһѡ
΢΢ͣͣңˮ׶ǲҪˣ
׵˵ͷȻľ͸ܵ٣٣ֻǱȽ
ңˮ˫Ŀ΢΢޷סģ٣Ҵȥ޻޻ĮȻֵĶˣֻǲãңĻʦɣҲðˡ
׵ǣʦ
˶ʱһЦ˿̣ҲĿһʦ֡
׶ʱɵ˵ͷλʦã𡣡
㣬㣬ǡŶˣҲʦ֣ǺǡҲǺ˵ģʱ
һЦʱЦ
ʦӸӦ٣Ӧ֮󡣡
ʵ˵
Աʵ磬岻Ƚٺھ磬ǲٵģ£ڤ磬ֻǰ£꾳ﵽȽٺڣȻ١
٣ͬءءغ١
ЩûбϵڣΪʱһٱһ٣ͺһܳʲôɢ֮ĶǻɢĽ֡
ˣȻϺô࣬٣ҲǿĽٱ
׸Ӧǿȣǿֲľ٣׶һ㣬Ҳûʵ˵˳
ʦԵӵĸӦε٣ܿǾ٣١
ٵƣԴ˿˵Щ϶ˡ
ңƣǼ١
ү㣬ڽɱ˰ˣˣɴ˫ʵ
ҲǷ˼֮
٣ⶫڤ磬ͷβûгֹ
ңˮҲһ𺳺𾪡
٣벻涼ˣҲգķɣǧ򲻿Լķֿ٣ȻҲסˣƷڤȴãʱȥؿ١ңˮһ¯һķݸס
ʱңȴƺ˵ʲôʲôҲû˵
ȴ֪ңˮƷڤŶԼٵģһԼȥȽ٣ˣȻڤ֮а
Լǿȣ뵽ǺĺͲٷ˼ɹ׵ǲڵķֻŵЦЦʦ赣ģ٣ǲͽŶȹġ
Ц˵뵽ƿһУ֮ԳƿաΪһУܺǿĳȡǿ˲ƿռ䡣
ڽ׶ԣֻҪƿռ䣬һжܺðˡ
ңǰ谭ЩĲһ
ûûƣĸо
ҪǣлһűܽٵͼƷĹԪ
Ϊܾڤ֮Ԫõģ
뵽׵ңˮʱҲˡ
ң˻˻ֵ߰ɣʦУһǵΪȻתͷ׵׶ȥҵҺúòһĹȽ״̬á
׵ͷȻһ֮ǰҡ
ѰһϯضȻʼңˮĹ
ʼˮʼƬ̣׶ڽĸˮؾ磬Ѿɡ
ڤ֮ţ׵һθоǿ͹졣
ֲˡڤһָ䷽˴ڵ䷽֮ͬֻЩطҲűʵĲͬ
Աߣ׳޸һ£ȴǷ֣ڤʺ»Ĺ䣬Ķʹڤ֮Ϣ
һΰ¹ȥˣǰߣҲ͸ˡ
űž飬ʼˮĵáˣˮĵãңˮÿһͻƾ֮ĸ򼯺϶ɵģϣϢǰÿһʮ֮һ١
ÿһ仰ÿһ֣һָĪľ硣
ĵã׵ģȴʮֵ侲
ںŽΪý壬߽ڣԽ꣬ý飬ͨڽϤתꡭ
ˮĵáϣһ仰ȴͽľ磬ƺıϣʹʮֵ𾪣
Լģľ磬ƺΪ仰ȸԾѡ
һ˶ʱתΪ˽״̬
ںˣԪӤһεĿĳ˳
ȫһ㵭սףԪӤڽȻ󾲾ա
ڤ֮ϵĳڽ֮ϣҲڽԪӤϣ뵵Ĺâϵ˸ţһĸо
ȴûʲô뷨
˿꾳пܵǰ׶ûκε⡣
Ϊһ̣Լ䣬׸оԼƺΪˮĵãٴεͻƵˡ
龳۷壬ܿҪȥǿֲļ龳ˡ
ļ龳磬齣ɱ֮硣
ľ磬Ǻڴġ
νɱһ֮䣬С
һ֮䣬ȡȫеȻɱ
˵ƿֻƿգôɱǸһǿ󹥻ˣ
׺ڴٽһĻǼ٣Ҳȫˡ
жԿٵڶԽػǿֶ֮ڽǿ󹥻š


223 齣ɱ2
֮У֮󣬽ԪӤֳһģ
㶯һ㡣
״˿𣬽飬ͬػߣɢһĵĹΣԪӤ˿̷ͬһ㣬Ϊ۵ʵ壬˿̷֮
ľ֮УһǵĻػ𽥵ĳգȻû˽ԪӤ֮С
ĸоȻûв
ǲ˿̣Ҳûʲôо
ȫĵͶ룬ײûκε뷨ȻĿͻƣʵϣײûѡͻƣ֮УĿģҲʧˡ
ʼĬĬĶĿ֮󣬱㲻Ҫȥ˼ΪܱⲻҪħ
еִ̫һ¡
ԣ׶ԣḶ́һѵõƽľĹ̡
֮УҲɢ˵׵һĻ棬Ȼ˸ţڽԪӤϷζš
͡
˸ŵ׵âͻǣϵţھ޴ڤԪ۹ʱ򣬲ûСơ
˿̣ΪԵʣȻ䣬ߵڤԪŨȿʼϵˣ˿̣ԭŵʥ䣬˿ķ˳ɢŵĹΣ׵ĽԪӤػ
Ƭ̣ʥ仯һε˽ԪӤĶͷ֮С
ԪӤ𽥵ͬһʵһ㣬𽥵ţﵽһ˴Сʱٴεֹͣ
һУ׻Ȼ֪
׵ģ˿Īֽ뵽ľ磬꣬ƺֿʼɱ
Ϊûǿȣһķʵı仯
Ȼһ֪
׵괦һ־׵״̬ΪʥڤԪĽ룬ľͣ˶Ƚٺڣûپһ㣡
ΪԪӤԵʣǣͬһػһ㡣
鲻ϵɢһĹƺԭɹ˿̶һͷų
׵ĽԪӤ˿ȴǴһľ״̬

˿ֻ̣оů
ǵģȫƺһů֮Уǵһ
ǣʥһĸоȫˬ˼㡣
һ޷̸ص״̬һ
ůĸо֮У׵һδεɱţϵķʱ䡣
ǿ꣬һŸν
꾳ûб仯걾ʵǿȣȴͬһǿ˷˼ĳ̶ȡ
һУײ֪
׵ȫʶһȫĺһ㣬ů֮С
ů֮Уײ֪Լ˭֪Լںη֪ԼǰδҲ֪ԼΪʲô֪Լ㲻š
Ļ֮Уֻ֪գɣֻ֪ϵıһŽĹ
꾳磬Ȼûͻƣߵ磬ȴһģ׵ĽԪӤ֮С
ȻգôȻôԵù졣
ԪӤʵʵ壬ʵۼɵģ׵磬ǺǷ˼ģ
ǣڤ磬δ֪ĺɫ׵磬Ҳʮֹġ
ʥػʹһĻûκܸ֪õڣ塣

Ȼڤ磬ѵľ⣿
֮УһϵӰĬĬĿһۣЩͳ
һ£ĬĬĿڵĵطһۣĿЩ˼
ãʲôû˵Ȼ˲ʧˡ
գҲָƽһƺ֮ǰÿκκο

ԽԽˣɫģڤ֮ڤԪ֮ȫĴӺɫ֮ӿ˳Ȼȫ׵ĽԪӤӿ˹ȥ
ɫ׵磬ɫĵ绡ȫıԪӤˣԪӤͷĪĳһһԼֵӡǡ
Ƭ̺˸ŵ绡׵磬֮ͬԽԽˡ
ռ䣬Ҳˡ͡ĵ绡
ԪӤƺѾȫĳ绡Ĵﵽ˱ͣЩ磬ڳ֮󣬴͸˽ԪӤ֮ٴεĻص˽ںˡ
ǽ̬ȻܵŽ
Ҳڵڱܵ£ֱͻ˵Ľ龳磬˽龳ĵĲ㣬齣ɱ硣
ľ磬ıȻûͣ٣š
ڤ֮ڤԪڱ֮ӴڤϵĲģֽĵĲ㾳磬ҲϵĹ
͡
ھ޴׵ͻ֮УҲͬʱʼѭģʽһɱ䣬Ҳʮֹġ
ǣ˵˵ֻǼ򵥵ɣ˿̵ʵĴڵˡ
ײ֪һУֻǴľ֮У˿ȴѾΪһֱܡ
䣡
Ȼ׵绡֮ԼЩĻ棬Ȼȫ׵Ľ֮У
ʱ¶ȼӣȻ䣬һӽԪӤıڿն
޴Ļֱ۴ϸ֮ϻźɫ磡Щ磬˲䣬ȫû˽֮С
飬ͬһ㣬Ȼٴεתʵ壬Ȼʧ
һ̣ԪӤûжǽ黯嶯ˣʶĶˡ
Ȼվŵģϥģ
ϣٴεĳ֮ǰĻ棬޴Ļ֮Ȼ˸ĵ⣬Χɫţ߷衣
岻ϵڿתһٴεıս⽣֮У壬ҲɢŵĽɫɫĹâ
𽥵ŽԪӤԪӤҲһںϽ˽֮С
һ̣һεںˡ
ڿУ׵ģ𽥵˻ĸоҲʮֵĳʵ
ƺһ˵ĸоС
ԭǣȻ䣬һʱһɿֲĸо͵ӿС
΢΢һʱֻ֪֣ϾҪˡ
Щ˼΢΢ӦһԼľ磬ײķ֣֪֮䣬ڤ羹Ȼļľ磡
ļ龳磬Ҳﵽ۷״̬
齣ɱ磬ôɹˣ
ʮֵĸˣٸһ½ǿȣ괥ʱ׵ģһĲ
⣬⽣ʲôʱôǿˣ
׵ģˣ飬֪ʱȻѾƷ̶ˣǿ̶ȣԸѾκεˣ
٣ױɵİյģ֪٣Ѿڻˡ
齣ɱѾõǿĹѧˡ
һУ˿־ʵ
׼ǵãһУȻŷԭڣһУҲǳȡȫеȻ
ȫһɱʵǿĵˣ齣ɱһУȫһʮ򱶵ķǰ£ǶôĿֲ
÷ķ÷ǿԵģңΪؼʱ÷ػҲЧ
Ͼʵûа취Ļڷռʥ˾ٳҲν
ѡѡ
˲뵽˺ܶ࣬Ҳʮֺõġ
վŽǿᣬԼıʵǿ󣬻Īĵ׵֮Ҳʮֵڴ
һʱױ߳ңˮĵط
ճңˮӰһʱǰ
׶㾹Ȼͻˣţȴȷʵǲңˮֻǿһۣʱ㿴˲ֶߣ޵
΢΢һЦǶʦľǲȻͻƣֻˡ
ңˮЦЦ֮ǰٴͻƣǲϴ˵ºپҪˣȴǹĸˣ٣ӦҪˣ׼ɡ
һ㶣ʱҲһ漴ȷʵʦͽ״̬һжãȥȽ֮ذɣͽһĶȽˡ
ңˮЦط粼úˣͽҲǵأ߰ɣֱ˲ƹȥ


224 ޻١죨1
ңˮ֣ͷȻЩĸо
û˵ʲôңˮһ˲ƣȻһĮ֮С
޻ǵĻĮͳԵǵ޻ĮƵĸоһУǺϤģǵһУǱӳһ
Ҳ˵Եϵ޻ĮǱĮӳȥһоϣһģһġ
޻Į׻ԵĴһ£ȻͳԵǵڲЩƣȻûʲôȻϵġ
У֪Դ˿ܷʲô
࿴˼ۣʱײſڻĮǰһɽһСɽ
Сɽ棬ȻȴǸоõңԼѾͷ
ڤ֮Уǳڤ֮ڤԪڤ֮Ȼһ𣬵ǸиԵȡʽ
겻û˺
ԵģǴ磬ڣԪ֮᲻ϵ֪겻ϵ磬޷ġ
ͬģڤ磬Ҳ޷ġ
е˶ڤԭ
ͬģ״˿һ̬ڣù죬ʮֵ⡣
ȷʵصģ֮УҲ໥ĵ˲ûн˿״̬Ǵһ״̬״̬
ΪĻʮǢʱ򣬾ʹѾ
ʵϣ֪Լ壬ʥ֮Уǲġ
ԣ˿ǻŵģ꣬Ҳǻŵġ
ڱ˶ԣҪܶʱȥ˼һ㣬Ƕ׶ԣЩȥ룬ʵûбʵ𣬵Ȼͼȴġ
𣬱ǻҷȫһˡ
ҲΪһ
ԣ׶ԣûЩѾú⣬ңˮһ𣬷ĻɽȻ˻ɽɽս֮С
󷨣ѾһƷ󷨣һǵһƷ󷨡
֪ңˮõģΪ󷨣϶ûٻ˼
ңҲ֪󷨷棬ǾżɵۣҪһƷ󷨣ѶҲ൱ġ
ԣֻ˵һ棬һңˮѾʼˣһǣңˮΪԼѾѪڣŬļһ˵õ󷨡
һۿ󷨵ԭͬʱػ󷨣ңˮĵĸм
ңˮ΢΢һЦúöȽٰɣǼ٣ôԲôˡ
˵գңˮʱɽ£ңվһ
׿һɽ£ȻջĿ⣬˱˻ɽ֮ϡ
Ѿˣʱû
٣ʱҲûн١
Σۿٵ˲ûмңˮңϺ֮⣬Ҳֻżеڤפۿ

ʱţתۼ䣬ڶˡ
Ͽʼ磬Ҳֻ𽥵
ı仯û֮еô졣
һ˱㻯һһɫ˸ŵ绡Ľ
յƯţǽĵطȴ׵ͷ
գĿա
٣ûû뵽ڤ磬ҪȽˡ
Ŀȴš
ȷʵ²ãҰȴûһķ磬Ҳûаĳصĸо΢Щһжٽٵӡ
ͬԭȴۿλڤʱҲȵĲͷˣ׷뿪ˡ
µģҲٸʵڤ
ЩˣȻ⣬΢΢ӦԷΪʱ㱻׿͸
ң񣬱ңˮʵΪ׵΢΢ӦҲܿ͸ˡ
֪Լĳ̶ϽˣҲʮֵǿرĺɫ׵֮ǿֲ֮
ԣ͸ңˮΪҲûоʲôס
ٵ٣Ǹ磬׶ǰ޹˵ĵһˡ
Ȼ꾳ֻڶȽٺڵľ磬۷ǿȣѾһԱˡ
ǿпֲĺɫ׵֮齣ɱĿֲԵĴﵽ˼˺˵ĵز
㣬׷̬֮Ҳʮֵƽͣգ˫ĿգȴٵĽ١
⽣ױܿ϶ԼȹˣǶô˵õ٣⽣Ѿ൱ƷˣǴ棬ΪԼһ㻤֣⽣飬̶ȣǳٷ֮ٵġ
һ̶ȳٷ֮ٵƷ䱾ǿԱһ̶Ϊٷ֮ʮƷġ
һƷҲԿػһڤȹڤˡ
ȻǶȫġƷԣǲġ
ԣײû֮ɵȣʱĳ󷨣ȴٵĵ
Ȼǲȡ齣ɱȴǳȡʮ򱶵ͽɱĿֲһеǿаһƽƣ
ֻҪĽˣô٣ҲͲܼˣ
뷨ȴǲԸ⹼ңˮһ޲õ󷨣ҲŽȥðգȻ걻ȴҪʧܶΪˣһʹԺ޷
󷨣׶ʱͻƾ磬һȻٵ
䡫
պȻͳŭ֮ͬһ㣬ͳ
ţƿٵѹ˹ϵƲʱٴεĳɫ

Ȼ䣬׵ϿգȻһƬѪɫУѪɫвϵתţĺƷ˽ȥ
ڣеİɫ׵磬ҲѪɫУ˽ȥģһɹɵ׵绡һֹĸо
ٵǰ֪࣬Ҳҡˣǻ״̬Ȼ󷨵ġ
ţһһڤ֮Ӵػ󷨡
Ʒ󷨣ڵһ󷨣ǱƷ磬ʹ󷨵ػǿ˼㡣
󷨵ķڿһƷķȻ̶ȣٷ֮ʮ㣬Ϊе˴̶Ҳٷ֮ʮľ硣
ķײûиңˮ
ٷ֮ʮȻֻаٷ֮ʮƷ󷨣ڤ֮ݶڤԪ˷Ȼ˲٣ȴҲ൱һƷķˡ
ȻȻȲ׵Ľģ󷨴ͷ󣬻ǲġ

Ѫɫ𽥵ˣмѪɫѾתɫĿֲ֮ɫΪɫҲ׺ңˮ˵Ԥ֮С
ɫУ˾ˣ
ǣ׺ңˮ֪ȴǲ֪
ɲǼ䣬ΪȽϴ󣬹ۿ֮ڤʱ
һȺȺڤ𽥵Զվţһģ˲䣬ѾγһƬˡ
ڤȻͬǿΪ𣬵Ϊ̬ȴǱһ˾Ҫ˲٣ɱҲ
˿̹ۿȽ٣һ˵ľ̾;֮⣬˵ҲֻС˼Ҳûж໰
٣Ҫ۽ˡ
ӣֹǾٰʲôˣǿ󣬿أ
ǰӣǴ˵֮еļˣ

һʱ䣬ЩʵΪ׵ڤ̾
׵ûЩڤۣյУ𽥵ĳ˼֮ɫ
ѾﵽɫȻûֹͣ
٣Ȼ壬Ҳ֪Ǻֲܿ٣ڤ磬٣Ǳǿ˵ģ
˿̣پȻû£⣬׻ʲô̬٣
жʱЩˣ˶֪Լݣ죬ȴӦ֪ġ
Ϊɱε٣ֻЩ鷳ˡ
ţնȻһŤԭɫУȻŤɲȴǷתһ׳ޱȵɫ׵磬ڵƣݺݵĺٶ֮죬ʵڽ˾̾
ꡪ
׺Ȼݺݺը֮ϣ䡱һƷ󷨣ǺȻ˲Ѻۣ


225 ޻١죨2
׵ݺݵĲһ£ԭ׼˵ļ٣ȴǲûг֣˿̳˹١
дӿʼתĺȻתΪתеĺȻӵʮֵĿֲġ
ԭɫѾʧ޴ģֻɫĺѪɫĹâѪɫŨȴﵽ˼֮תɵִѪɷ֮ѪɫС
ԶڤǾĿɿڴȫס˺˿̣ǰδе٣ͬĽţͬļ
ɫУѪɫɷΣӦǼٵǰף£УŹĽףȴʲô٣
оȻһ֪
ҲͬЩ¶ʲô٣
׺ȻоĲͷҲһĽš
Ȼת䣬ʹ׸ûƵ֮ǰԺ֮зɿǧֿܣڴ˿̣Щܶûг֡
ӣԵˡ
ԭȻԼݣԼڤȷԭˡ
޷һƷ󷨣Ȼڵһ׵ʱ򣬱Ѿ
֮£ڶף󷨣Ѿסˡ
Ľףжٵ
٣ȻҲǻὫеĸֶۿ
ͷٵţȴõĽ취
ţȻ䣬һֱԼĪʮ׵Ĵ׳Ľ׺ݺݵĺը¡
Բʮ׵ĽףǱȽϹģߵСɽͷϣͬ󷨷Χ˽ȥ
󣬵λܵĳͻСʵϣ֪
ٵĴСȣǣԽǴ٣ҲʾųԽǿ
ڶףֺѪɫɫһ޶ɫ
һִźĽף
˲ŬĴݶ󷨣Ȼ׼һףͬʱҲԵĿս׵ķʥķս׵ڲ
ȻչԣڶӦֻǻƷ󷨣Ǵ˿̣׶ԣΪеĲ׸ıԼƣʥȷȫȻǿ
ϾһʧģϾε٣ȷʵʮֵĹ죬ȻҴ⡣
ǡ
ʯ֮䣬ѪɫķԲʮ׵Ĵ׳ףѾݺݵĺը£ը󷨵ĵգռڴ˿̶ȻһŤ
ꡪ
󷨶ȻѣȻȻ仯мʧΡ
׹Ȼûб꣬˲Ʋݺݵȥ
ʱһɫĻ棬ͬһ㣬ݺݵ׵Դȥ

ѽ
ꡪ
ʱһƬ֮𣬶ˣ˫Ŀɴ󣬲˼飬Ŀ֮ǵǡ
ɫĻ棬һ֣ڤռʱԱߵڤԪȣǶըѷ
ڤҵ𣡡
ҵҵ𣡡
Ȼҵʲô˶Ƚ٣̫ǿ˰ɣ
ҵԭҵ𡭡

һʱ䣬֮
ﶸȻһһɼ˵Σյĸоʱݺݵĳ˹
в
ҵǴ֮УܷһеĻ棬Ļ棬սף϶޷ֵ
һ̣ŭˣŭˡ
ֻģӦһ⣬һ˵ѣ٣ȴǳ٣ҵҲ̫˰ɣ
٣Ҳû˵ҵģ
һ̣׺֪ƹڤٵ˭
ģһ̣ĺɱˣҵǳԼҷ
ŭʣз񣬸ָӵĸоȻȫ
ĸоҲѸٵ侲
һͬڵʯ֮䣬͵һҧȻʧʥ֮С
ǿ󣬶һҵǲɶȹģԣΨһķǶܡ
ɲǼ䣬ʧˣʥ֮С
ҵٶȣʵ̫죬˲䣬Ѿ׵Ľ顣
ꡪ
ʧ˲䣬ս׶ʱˡ
ʱһֲĻڣɫģѪɫĹâڻεսڲ
սף˺ķǧ꾫ѪƵսףôĸˡ
һѪоڵѪʹ
һ̣뵽죬ǵǸ졣
ˣû˭ܷųֲĻ棬Ļ棬ֶô
죬ҲԼǱо֮ˣɼӦڤ磬ڤʥģȻڤ˵Ϥ
˲һУ֪ڤ磬Լǻ첻ȥˡ
ʥ֮Уսף׵ڵѪǵ˱۸һ
һĻĻ׼һ̾Ҫ
ޣŭǿҵĲʣ
ǶĿ죬棬ŲŴٷ֮ʮʥ䣬а취ֵ
ûУУ

һ˻һǽ֮˻ȴͬһ㣬ķɢ˿
ʱײ֪ԼʵȻܲ
ȻܲȻ˲ŬǸ˼УȻһ֣
˻֮׳̾˿
Ӧʥ䣬Ȼ䣬Ϊ꾳͵ȴε׷֣ʥĵƣƺԿˡ
һŵڴԼ꣬ʥĵơ
ռȻ仯ĸоģʱ׷֣ʥ䣬Ȼһ޶ˡ
ʱײ׵֮ʥڲѾⲿͬԴˡ
ңΪͬԴԭʥ䣬˱Դʥ
ͬһֳȡԲȻȫһĿֲ
һ㿴ⱾԴʥȷʵ˼
ʱ΢΢һ㶣ȴǷЦ
죬βԸ׽Ͳˣ
ȡԲڤǵ˵ˣңˮʹﵽ˿ֲڤ۾磬Χ֮ˣĿǰѾܶˣܶ඼ڤڤ۾ĸ֣мڤ񾳽ĸҲһ߹ۿ
Ȼٶ
֪ʧȥĿ꣬ǻɢģԼһ֣û٣Ȼٴ
ʥ䣬׵ķŭ֮£žѪǿеĴ˰ٷ֮ʮĳ̶ȡ
£΢΢Ӧʱһ㶣ȻַЦ
ˣǶడ˿ʮ˰ɣ
֪ô˵ٺըȫ֮£Ȼ󷴵Ƕôǿ
죬˽Զ֣ȻѾΥ˷򣬶һһγԿˣ֣ҲܷԼ
Цһεĳʥ֮⡣
֮ǰҵѾɽͷȫĻڣɫҵ𣬼޻ǡ
һεĳֵʱ֮У˸ӿֲǿĽס
ɫĽףɫҵ
׺Ȼ죬˫Ŀ֮䣬ǹĽôķ
죬ȥɣݺݵĳȻڿĵȫ֮׾ʥ䡣
ʥ䣬ɱɣ
Ȼ䣬һͣռ䶸ȻҲˡ
һ޴ĺɫ׵ͷγɣٶ֮죬Եķ˼
˿̣ΧԲѸٵĿݽǿݽߵٶȣҲͬĿ硣
ֻһݵƬ̣Χ˾Ǽ˵ľڿз֮ڤǺȻ䣡
ˣһ̱ȡọ̈̄ңˮҲ˺ݺݵĺը٣
ռˣȻɲǣȻ䣬ʥ仯һ۵İ׹⣬ɫ۳Ϊһ۵ĺڵ㡣
ڵ㣬Ȼķȥ
ڵĵطռ䲻ϵţڤĿռݣռݵǿӲ̶ȣ˿ȴԵô


226 ʥ˵Ĵۣ1
ڵֵʱռ䶼ͳѹֵƣʹÿˣ¡
ǲһƣҲһֿѹ֣һֵͳһ޷̸ء
ռ䣬Բ
˲䣬˵ȫ룬ʹÿ˿ֻŵͬʱָϽŬָ˳û֡
ǣΧ˾ǱĵڵϵʱÿоȻȴھ𾪵һ̣ĿͶڴ
ڤˣΪԶϡ˶ʧȥʱ򣬳淴ྲ
ûңû˱ֳʲô˵ľÿˣĬĬĶա
̣ͬǺܶݵġ
ÿ˵ĿͶյʱؼ䣬ÿ˵Уֻһڵ㡣
ǵģɫĵ㣬ڵĴۣڵڵ޷ǣ
һֲĺڵ㣬һм˻ĺڵ㡣
Χ˵γĺڵ㣬ըĽɵ˿ֲҵʱڵ㣬Ѿˡ

֪ʥ֮䣬һ޷ģսΪʥ˵սǻصġ
Ϊ챨ʱǱİŮ
Ѿ㵽ԼŮĽѣ˲ŽԼŮˣû뵽Ϊ㵽˽Ӷǹ
ǵѾ˺ҲֻǼ򵥵Ľ֣ûдģսΪʥ֮սֲ̫
ּ䣬սĳͷ
Щԭģһ棬Ȼʥ˲ó֣ȻȻ֣ܳȴǸԼʹõʥ䣬ľ磬Ҷѣ͵ġڲҪˡĻպǺϡ
Ȼ˴ھ磬Ȼǻ˺ġ
Ӧñʵ˵ãȻҲޣȻԿ
뵽壬׺ȻЩˡ
ƺںܶǰͿʼˣ塮ȻģΪģӦñһζȽٵʱͷ졣
һƺڱ˵֮С
˲뵽˺ܶ࣬ȴڣһôȷʵҲǱƲѡ
ΪˣֻҪܶԸ죬ǰƵ·ߣҲûνġ
ֻҪܳڶô׶ν
ߣһҲƲѣ壬ӦҲôļ򵥣ңֻЩƵĻôȷʵ̫ˡ
ʥΣʲôײ֪ǹɵѾǲס
ȻǸɱһǧ˰ٵʽʽȫκθֳ֡
ڶǰͬû£ٶȺɱǿġ
ȻվţĿⶢǺĺڵ㣬׵˸һĨ΢Ц
ʥˣһҵ𣬵ͬҵͬʮƵڤǵȻںϳһССĺڵ㣬ڵɱǿġ
ʥҲˣ޵еģ
ʥˣֻǿ˶ѣҲֻΪʵǿվľ治һѣ

ǸϤ꣬ˣȻ޻ϳˣȽֱӵ˼٣
ЦڤʥڤһУȻ۽֮¡
ߣһССĽߣȻͼ尡壬δ̫ˣϣôұϣ
ߺߣ٣ôǴҵļٵıٰɣ޻ٵĲβźÿ
ʥʥȻϧСУһɵܶӲ٣ұԽɱˣΣ

վգţʮֵˬ졣
ڤ磬У϶ѣ٣ɱЩ飬ȻЩΥȴҲ㲻ʲô
ֻǳڶޣŲûֱӵɱ֣٣Ȼҵ𣬽һķٵȻ󣬿ɵۺʹģ
ȻΪһʥˣڤȻ򵥣ȴǴΥʥ׼ҲǴĶʥӵģǲģָڤϵĸֳ֣ҲС
ԣûжԳ֣Ҳûǰȥķ
ڵ˶֣Ϊ˱ʥ֮˲ڴĻԲʮ飬ΪԴҲ㲻ʲôΥ׼
쿴ǽ£ֿƺ赲Խᣬ춸Ȼһǿޱȵҵ
Ȼ󣬴Ϸʵı鶢ס
ڽ֮£Ʒ󷨣ȻɵѣȻҵȻ
һ̣ȴǺȻʧˣҵݺݵĺը˻ɽɽͷϣ޻ǣ㶼
һѾʧʱŭʥ˳֣ȴʧˣǲޣҲǷ
һ̣ٴεĳֵʱ޻ٵĽףȫ˲һ
ȻҲû֣ٵƣһٷųΪǿҵ𡪡ڤҵ
׼ٴεʧҲӦ٣޻ǻ
һ򣬶ʥ˶ԣǻˣΥ׼ҲǱͷһǧѣ
һǧʥ˶ԣǧ굯ָ㲻ʲô
ԣǲ⡣
һΣǸͬϰСڤȴǳԼ¶˲мЦݣԼȥ
Ϊһ߸ϵʥˣһССڤˣǲԭµģԴʢŭ˿û֣ڤ棬ۼΪǿĽףݺݵĺȥ
ռһƣڿ뿴һ£׼뿪
ǣһ̣֮еľ޴ıըûг֡
޻ǣֻǲһ£Ȼһڵ㼤
ǲмһˣ׼ּⷴľ
ʥзһ㣬֪ģû̫⡣
ǺȻ䣬ʥ궼һɫȻһס
ʱ쵱׼Խʱ룬ƿʱշʹǺɫġԭ㡯ֹˡ
ǣһʹ򣬶ɫԭ״͸
ݡ
ռѣɲǼ䣬ɫԭݺݳϡ
ۡ
еһƬռ䣬ı˿޻ǣͬҪըһ㡣
һƬѪȾ޻ǵա
һѾʧˡ
弸ʥܵԼĺݺݷҲǴһ״̬
һСˣŭ֮£侲
͸ռ䣬Կ˫һĺ˫ۣ
ߣѾΥ׼ˣҳɱ㣬Σ
վ֣һɫĹâȫԭ˵˿̺ȻȫĻָ
վգЦһֱ̣ӵƿռ䣬޻ǵա
ȻվҲûΣһӵĿһؤ
Ŀ⣬ƺͰ⣬ƽ֮зŭĿ⣬׵ʱÿ˶Ըо˵Ŀ֮󣬿ռٴε˿
޻һûвҲûǱǿѵƻͬġ
޻ǣѾûжˣҵֵʱ޻ǣѾʼŰװת䣬޻ǵĩգҲ١
һУΪ˽ġ
ǣ첢⣬һ򣬱ǧڤҲ϶ѡ
ߣһŲһƬҲϧ
ֻǣֳŪͱĵĿ֮Уִźɫ׵һ绡꣬зЩ
ߣң㣬ͬ޻ǣ׼ɣ
˵ʱһתг˴Ƭĺɫڤҵ
һΣڤҵһţɢ۵ĺڹ⡣
һΣ㣬ͬڣ޻ǣŭ졪һʥҪĴۣ


227 ʥ˵Ĵۣ2
ܸ߰Ϊһʥˣ߰ҲӦõġ
ʥ˵ǿ󣬺ڤ޻ϵڤǿĳ̶ȣֺֹһ㣡
ңǴʱ䣬Ƕطȷĸǿ󣬸ͲһЩڤԱȵġ
ǣڶԸڤʱˣܵĻǼصˣڶѪˣ
κһʥϣǳ裡
ʥƲϣһȴǽʥ˸ˣǲԭµģ
ƲϣгһգȴǱˣ⴫ȥҲǶʥ˵ӡ
֮Էŭ֮Ҫ޻ǣ뽫γ賹׵
Ȼ޻ϵڤǣ֪ڶٵʱʵǺʥսһΣǼǲ֪εսҲѾʵܸı䡣
ԣɱڣõĽ
еڤҵ𲻶ϵţ˲䣬ѾתһƬ͸Բε
һôֲľû˵壬һ֣ԿԽ޻ǳ׵Ļ
һ㣬û˻ɣ
Ҳûлɡ
ʥǺܱ̬̫̬ˣ
ڣڵѾȫĿˣ˲һŹԪҲ޼¡
˿ֻ̣н鱾ĵ֧ţ֧С岻һ̾ôĵȥ֧ɶĳǰ¡
ְȻѾһ־ϵļᶨĵֿ־ϣ׸ԼΪϵ°ܽ
ȻվĿⲻмĶ죬ʥΣ
ʥˣҲԼһΣ԰׵׵һˬ죡
ڵٺã˾ˣ
Ǵ˿޻ǻԼѵһ
ʥⳬʥѾܵԵвʱ򱻶ʥ֮жˣҲʥֵ
һ㣬׶Ѿڲ֮أģͬ޻Ƕҵգ
˫ĿĿģҲҪһ¡
ǼʹҲ壬ԼˣǱ˰ɣֻǣţһʥˣǿгֻһλһӦѾ׵Ĵ׼ûƴ֪ԼҪģǵȴ
ǵģȴȴ챻ǿ˴ߡ
ӰģȻ䣬еԲѾٶȣѾܳǿˡ
ֹһڷĹһ̣׷֣Լͬ򣬶׵˴״̬ʥǣҲǿеıжϡ
һ֪÷ˡ
һ̣ıƽ׷úƽ
ԼѾˣĻ
ĿȻƽڤɱ֮ܶѾоԼƽ̩ɽǰɫһ
ƽͷβ׶һֳȻ̬֮УǾǣƽ
¶Цݣʱվֹķõ޻֮Цˣ
϶㻹ʲô
һΣ˭˻ܾǣ

ڤҵѹ֮һ֣޻ǺȻ俪ʼһ̶Ըܵٵĸоȴûκ˿Զʱ򣬾Ǳʩչ˶һ˼룬Կ޷ܣ޷
ٽʹÿ˵У˲һĸоģģÿۿȽٵˣȴûкڡ
ۿ׵ˡ
ȻȻվѹ£ڣײеܣԪӤϵ꣬ⲻϵ˸źɫĻ͵绡ͬģƣףӰ첢
һȽڣĸоѾ١
ʱ޻ǺȻһ£ţһĻĻĹı仯Ȼ䵹˻ȥ
֮ǰٵȣѸٵĵ˻ȥ
ǵģһкȻôĻص˶Ƚ֮ǰ
׵ļȻڣ֪˵ļ治ڡ
⿴һۣۼۿȽٵˣĿڴģ֪εĶȽ٣ӶȽٿʼ֮һУƺѾǿȫĨȥ˼䡣
̧ͷ׷֣ȽǰһĻѾʱ侲ֹˣ˿̣ȴǴһĻ
һɫʮ꣬վգĿϵĶ죬û˵
壬ȴǲţ˫֮ǿ־֮ɫ
ˣ¡
˵ˣһҶ֪ˡ
국Ȼ˵Ȼû죬ֻǶף΢мƽ͵ףʥĹЩ⣬۵ˣģ֮һ꣬콫ܵʥҹĥһ꣬ʱ٣һǧꡣ
һĳɾΣĳΣ⣬Ҳ޷֣ԼΪ֮
׵ģ΢΢һͣȻûͷѹʱ׷һ˿ѹ
˺ǿǳǿ
׵ĵһо
ֱӵ쳹еģڡĪĸоƺ꣬ԼȷʵЩչˣ
ⴿһָоףȴʮֵָо
㣬˭Ĭһ£׺ȻʵƺЩòǴ˿̣ʥˣȻվţȴûоԼĻκεĲס
ԺԻ֪ڣһعԭ㣬󷨣Ҳ𣬵ȻΪĲµʼĩĸܣʧ㿪ʼȽٰɣ
˵գȻһ֣춸Ȼһ棬ȫʧ
޻ǣȴѾ˺۵״ָ̬˵ǰ
һжͬʲôûзһ
׺ȻԼȻڽϣȻôƽţȻͷϵƲ㡣
˿̣ٻû£ΧҲ֮ͬǰһ㣬ģܶࡣ
ʱ䣬ҲصԭȽǰһ㡣
Լ֮⣬׸оΧˣ޻ϵˣѾ֪·Ѿ֪ʵѾԼƴһΣ֪Լ죬Ȼ춪ʥ˵ӡ
ȻЩЦڵȫı״̬ǺõĲˣڣĵĹԪ˻
ԼһˣˣȻ֪ʵѾ
ЦЦͷҲȻʥˣʥ˵͹أһֿԻʥ˵ɨأԣδһܺõĽ֡
˳ͷᱻʥһ꣬һǧһǧ꣬һǧĳͷĿ̳ͷ֣Ѿˡ
ȻʩΪĽ׺⡣
ңԼҲûˣʥĽѾڣļҲڣԣ׶ԣûκεʧġ
׸˵ģսףҲ
֪νġˣصģսף׶ĺøУʱ˲١
˿˵һʲôоǽٺĸоʥˣ侲Ĺͷ˿̣׵Ҳ˵һʲô״̬ˡ
һʱ䣬֪Ѿ㹻Լȥˡ
ڤʱһٱһôҲ˵ͨʥʱڤ磬ʥڲģ⣬Դﵽһٱһ
˵֮ʥ䱾ʱһٱһ
Ҳ˵ʥһ꣬ڤ磬ʱŹȥһ꣬ص磬ʱҲŲһѣ
ʱ䣬ɽʥ˽ʱһģһģ
ˣһʱ䣬Լԣ൱һ꣡Ҳһ꣡
һԺ󡭡
޷񣬵ȴԿ϶һԺ죬͵ô㣡
ɣǴﵽһּˣ˿̣׵ǰء
ʥļɵ˲նԷԼĽ飬Ҫ齣ɱһУҲǿɱ˵ġ
Լʵܲǣ˵״̬£٣ǿߣԼôı
ҪˣѹѹһƬƲ֣֪һΣǿֲ޻ˣӦǱȽļ١


228 
׶ԣ٣Ƕ˶ԣ٣̬ϵˡ
κʥ䣬ܽ⵽㣬ֻǶˡ
֪Լʥڤķ֮һƯ©
ҲǣϾڤʮѣڤķϣڤʱ䱻һٱⲻʲôΪˣִ˿ռ䷨ռԼٵķͬһ֡סˡ
ǺȻ꣬ȻҲûпԼ״̬ģΪԷԼ״̬ԼһڤĻȻǻԼ뿪ģǺȻûô
׷˼
£ЩΣ
˿̣ײûʲô٣ٶѣʱõĻֱӵһмɣٸȥˡ
Լ⣬һ򱶵ʱ˶ԣȷʵźܴĺôڶԸ죬Ҳкܴĺôңһ꣬Բ뵽Լһʱ䡣
УһǼһٱҲһѣһ꣬ɺʥ˶Կĸ֣ȴǺܲʵġ
ţȻһ㶣Ȼ뵽˵Լһ޷㣬ʥ˵㣡
Ȼ춼ʥˣ꣬Ӧñʥ˶Ҫǿ󣬵ǿͬҲ޷Լ
׶ʱ뵽Լһִ˫ϲʿѧʿ͹ѧʿݣתڽΪһϲү
ȻͬʱգȴϵһôԼԼƫǸִ꣡
˵飬ȻҲʥ˿Ƶġ
ʥҲܻصִһֲͬķռ䡣
׺ȻˣͬʱҲ֪ΪѡԼΪԼ֮УʱһĴڡ
ʥ˵֮Уܶ飬ʥˣҲ޷գ
ͨ͸ˣ׺ȻЦ롣
ôʣҲǼһʱ䣬޷ʥơ
һеĺôһ˵ã
㹻ʱ䣬ͿǱңˮĹˣܷһˣͿǵǱĿ޽ˣ
һоΪûʱ䣬ʱ䣬㹻ˣ
ʥȻȻܳȡԲһȫ֮أ
ֻǳȡֻҪԷйԪ˲ĻָԼȴҪľİʱ޷ֲȱݡ
ңȻ֪ÿһɵȫҲʮִ󣬶ʹһ֮󣬵ڶҪʹãҪۻʮʱϣΪʥ䱾̫ӴҪָʱʮ죡
Ҳ˵ɺȴֻܼʮʹһΣ
ЩȱڣҲܽܣϾ˿ֻǿд˵ķӡѣ̶ȣҲٷ֮ʮ˷ǧѾ˵ˣһ˿ֲĹ
׷ٵ˼ĿǰһУȻ˲жϳɵʱ򲻵ѵһҪϾȻֲҲаʱڣȻʱԽʥ֮У䲻ϵ̣ʱٶ̣Ҳֻܻɱ˶ѣңҲȲɹԪָĿ졣
״̬ͱ׵ɵĵƵʱ֮кѾѹѪɫһεĳˡ
ֻһΣɫеʱûз򣬶ǽһת
ɫУһɹɵ֮ٴεĽɫƲȫɫ׵֣֮ò׳ۣ
׵ȻһЦ˿̣ҲҵεˣʱֱӵĽڲ
Ͼ˿̵󷨻ȫģңˮҲεĿڿţԼҲܹԷ
Ūʥúͼɵŵ㣬׶ʱҲ׼üˡ
ңˮԣı¶ֵֻ죬ûжİ
ߣ٣ҲǶΪĿѣȥ٣ڱûʲôô
뵽ЩҲãԼӦúúõĶһ١
ǡ
һɫ׵ʱը£ɫ׵磬żĵȴΣҲھŽĵȴ֮ϵĻ棬ٰǾŽ𣬼٣Ȼɫż𣬺ɫ׵һ޶
һж״˿̺ա
ǣɫ׵һԱߵйۿٵڤǣͬʷһ㣬Ǿ
ۡǼ٣
٣
ȻǼٰٰʲôˣô˰
٣˲ǻŵʱ°޶ɣȻ˼٣
ˣǵùӣ군ˣ
ĺӣⶼòȽڣȫǷˡ

Աߵ꣬ҲοЦ٣ƺǲˣ
ֻҪΪֻҪʵһ˶Ƚ٣붼ٰɣ
뵽һ˵ͽԣҲ֪ûеıȣԽƿ־磬٣Ϊ٣ҲǶӦ߱Ϊ͹ġ
ﵽ齣ɱľ磬ǿģٽ٣ȫ
Ҳ֪ڱ˵УԼΣҲǱˡ
׵Уε٣ʮַȹ
Ǵ˿ֻ̣ƽͨĶȹ
Ȼǽʥķػڽڲ飬Ͼֻ൱һǣԪӤ꣬ΪԷһ׻ǽԪӤսףȻʥķڽԪӤ㡣
⣬ʱǵĶ֮С
Ʒ󷨣һֱ֧˺ܾá
ڣԼǵúը˶ٵף󷨲ſʼѺۡ
󷨵ͬʱҲ˲١
ˣҪˣҪˣӣС군ˣ
Ȼ䣬һۼڤ˷ֵǵĺ
ߣһŮڤȴ˫ĽģҲţڤĸ첲֪ôģ׶ըһٶˣȻ꣡
Ǻǣ㻹֪˵٣٣֪һڤǰȻ˵ߵڤһСӵ֣ʱЩˬˡ
ʲôأŮڤɴ۾ڴʵ
ٺ١ڤɵÿŮڤסһڤ֣ȻһЦŹĵ٣˼壬ǾžŰʮһ٣Ϊһ٣оŲʮһ׺ը
Ծ٣ʵҪܵģۻþðʮһεһٵĹ׵ǰʮһƽǧʮһףӿʼĵһףһһ㲻ͣһףѾ˶ٱ
׵ݼӵģѡԾԵĵݼӣٲԵü˵Ŀֲ
٣Ϊû˶ȹԸǿֲңΪʱǰٱһ٣ٺ٣һٱ
Ůڤɴ۾ǲ죬ڤǾ壬ĵԷ֪ࡣ
һڤȻŭκζԷ֪Ķ࣬ȻԷʵԼǿֻ̣ܺݺݵˡ

ꡪ
󷨣ˡ
˿ĵˣٶȥԼöȽˡ
ѾΧ£ĽʮڤȴǾһÿ˶ĵˡ
֪״˿̵̬һẬ߶˾ȻϣЩƵ
Ȼǹ˼ңˮӣ󷨣Ըֵ
ʵϣѾĺˡ
٣Ǽĳ̶Ⱥͻι̶̳ȣǿȥһˣ꽫ץһ㣬Ѿõ֤ʵ
һߣΪȽʧܣҶѣԹ̫ǿ
ɢɵ٣һζȽٵȷ֮ÿһεٵǿȣԻ᲻ϵӣٶߵΪĶ٣Գٵǿᡣ


229 齣
򣬿νĿⳤԶҲ˶ٵĸ֪ܲͬԼĺС
ȹٵģÿˣΪ棬ǹӲġ
ͬһģԣֻǶΪһּ飬٣п͸߿һʲôĳɼ˿֮ʲôѧ
ν󷨣һһȻ֤˲٣ȴ޷ʵʵУ졣
ˣ׵Ľ飬Ρ
վڻɽϣһΣ׳ס˽ԪӤ֮⣬ûκεĵֿ
ôȻվţȻһ׳Ľףݺݵĺ׵Ľϡ
͡
϶Ȼ׻ĽżѸٵڽȼ⽣֮Ҳ˲Ĳһ£һɺɫĻ棬ʱż
黯״̬׵ͷȫҲһ飬ȫоһ͵
׵ע֮У忪ʼĴ׵ϵ
̺ܿ죬˲ܸ֮ܵǿȾȻǿ˲٣ƷʣƺҲ˲١
û˿ĺٴεİȻվš
Ȼн׵绡˸Ȼ΢ЦȻûеֿ
͡
һ׺ը£֮ǰûʲôͬȻı׺ܿˡ
ǿȣǿ˼֣żٳֵżҲӿĺɫɡ
Զ˶һѺʱ򣬿˳ܽ׶ȻĿɿڴ
٣ڤĴ˵٣ǵһ˶٣ңȻǿӲ
ôһǿ˵ð
֮𣬲ֹ׵Ŀ⣬ʮֵ𾴵ġ
ǿߣȷʵ𾴵ģǿΪʱκεطһ
ǿλǰгˣԭǾĿ⣬ӣ֮ǰĵǰ׵ǵˡһڤ̾
ţǰ뵱꣬Ҳһ٣;ڤ磬ʢ˰꣬ҵʵǶԿżҲ°һڤ̾
ԭǰѹ֣ô꣬ǰȻ˵áڤ־ϲ
Ǻǣ󱲣ʵʵ˸̾һˡ

̾ĸ̾Ĳ죬𾴵ÿһ˵Ŀ⿴׵ʱ򣬱㶼һָ飬Ǿǣ⡣
ǵģ⡣
һٵĹߵˣ˵Ǳж󣬾Ϳʵж֪
ңʶʱˣǲȥΪУΪ⿿סٵ
ײ֪淢һУԣһܡ
ٵֿԼģȸܵˡ
ıܣƺԽǿ󣬽Խǻϲ
֪飬һʶں϶ɵĶԼʶԪӤȴǴʶĽϣܻĴڣ뵽ȴû𺳡
ٹЩӣܺںϣΪµˡ
һ£ֻΪĲǿٵȻӣȴǺá
ٲ֪ƣңҲ֪ƣĿܣֱڴﵽֱͣըĽ鿪ʼ鷢͵ʱײ֪ɴﵽ˵һεı͡
ǣȻûûˡ
һ̣ٴĹѾɣһԱ˵ˣٳȥһҲܲˡ
ƫƫڣѾ˲ǧȻȻûꡣ
ÿһǺܴģŽ׵Ŀ£ԽԽҲô׶Ըġ
ӦԵȻɣҲֻΪľѡ
Ըܵ˿̵ǿӲ̶ȣѾƷˣȴûдﵽƷǿӲ̶ȡ
ٷְȫôǿ
ײֹ֪Ľף׻Щˡ
ûꣿһǧٶˣ
ٵһҲܲǿžǣ
ǰҿǰҲˣüͷˡ
кϷˡ

ܵҲ׵ĶУޱȣʹ׸Ƿơ
׻ţһһѾʼˣȻ٣Ȼûʲô˺׵֮Ѿ͸˽飬˽ںˣʥķ
׳ͬԪӤƽ
һ̣׼ˡ
ȥ治֪ҪըʲôʱȻ֪һǿĿ飬ըȥȫû塣
˻˽飬һСͬذװĵɫĽ飬ɢŵĵɫɫĹΣںˣԪӤϵս׺ʥЧȫĿ
齣ɱ
Ȼ䣬˻һȻ˲䣬ȫ֮ǰɵĽ״ﵽͺȫһա
ϽȻһ磬һĿĹ㣬˳ȥ
ݡ
УɲǼ䣬ֻʣһӰһɫĲӰ
ݡ
춯һ㣬ֲľ䣬ֲ嶯ֲĽƷֲĽײ
͡
ݺݵգɫ룬Ȼ˿
ռ䣬Ȼбըһɫĺ蹵˲䣬Ľ׺ͽУȫıɫĹ˽ȥ
ģ׵ĽԪӤ꣬˿һƿգ˼٣ʱǺڶǣ
ʥػʥƬ̣ڳֵʱ򣬿Ѿȫƽˡ
ײûΪԼһƼٶϲʵһжԤ֮С
Աеڤȴ׵׳йء
ֻǣ״˿ģΪ龳磬վǽ龳磬û֧֣鹥֮ױƿĿռɣ⿴Ʋôʵϣȴһشȱݡ
ʱȱǲڵģŽ飬ȥ֮󣬺ϵʹýʧȻصڲ
ûͱ¶˳
ʥ䣬һΣɵǺڶռ䣬ȴǲ֪Ҫ䵽
񣬽϶ܺãңأû龳磬̫Ȼ᳹׺뿪
ʱײ֪ڤѶȣҲʮӴģһ򱶵ʱҲôá
ֻ࣬ܽĵھŲ㣬Ҳֻż龳磬ҪϣѶȾЩˡ
Ϊͽ᳹׺뿪
֮£뵤ͨ󷨵ǿȣ׾˽۷徳磬Ȼ޷뿪ôֻǱˡ
˴֮󣬿γɵһףʵһʵĽףǱܵģȻһ׷ĻôȽپȫʧȥˡ
һר꾳磬Ľףס
Ȼֽ״̬ͬǣһ̣֮ϣԼĳһսף˫Ŀ峺ӡ
˿̣ѾȫĳˣʥڽԪӤڣսȻϣȴֻ൱ͨѡ
٣һķûЧģֱӽꡣ
٣ɫΣȻһоһεļٵĺô
ӶȽٺڣ׵Ȼһ磬ѸٵĴꡣ
ɲǣ׸оʱڷɿļ٣
Ǽٵٶȣڲ
һɲǣһꡣ
ɲǼ䣬׸оԼµϴȻֱӴӶȽٺڵľ磬ٵţӶȽٺڣǰڣڣڣһֱ˲ĳ˴˺ڣһ˵ľ硣
Լ֪ģڱ˵УֵУֻ˲ĳ٣ȻɲǼ䣬ѾȽٺڣԾĽˣȻﵽһڤ˵ľ硣
ʵϣ绮֣һֲֻͬѡ
ۣȫʵܿĻָҲָ˴󲿷ˡ
ǿʹ׵Ľ飬Ҳ˵һϵĸо


230 
ԪӤʧˣ黯״̬׿˿ܺѹѹȺ΢΢һЦȻңˮߡ
ʦӶȽٳɹˡƽ˵Ƚٵʱô˿̷Щˡ
ţããͽңˮҲǼ˵
ԽǿȻЩϢ죬ңˮȻǺܼġ
Ȼôͽܣͽȴһ˼٣ȻҲֵýġ
׼˵Щʱвʮǿڤ˹
Ǻǣԭˮڤ۵ͽʵʵǺηǺǣˮڤ˸ͽһЦݵЦ˵ʮֵˬʡ
ϲˮڤۣΪ޻ٴ漣ǺǣˮڤһҪˣ
ˮڤ٣ֳ˶ûңǲԵˡ
һȺʵʮָڤ˲ǰ׵Ŀ⣬Ҳŵͺ;塣
Ǻǣڤۡ˪ڤۡڤˣȻλǺǣлλڤۡ
ңˮʱҲЦ̵ĺڤ۽̸״˿ȴǺһ
ңңˮ˳λڤ۸֣׺һߵȴ

պޱȵҲˣ޻ʮҲڻָ״̬
Щ֣Ҳ˿̫̫࣬࣬Ҳȷʵۡ
˸֣գҲЩƣǧ̳ˣˮȻΪ̬ȴʹ궯ѣΪǲ
ѵЩɵۼĸ˸ӣҲܾܾ˵ĺ⡣
Ϊ޻ǣЩɵۣףչˣǷ׷˵ʲô˲ۣԼĿɽ
Ȼ˵ô˵ңˮҲûе棬׵ıȴǸӦЩ˵ʱ򣬻൱ϵģ٣Ĳμģûʲôõ˼
ԱڤˣȻͬǿΪ𣬵׷֣磬ǸѪһЩ
Ϊ˶ΪʲôӵʵһЩ
Ȼͬᷨᣬ˶ԷķɽԷһͶԷһĵʲôģ˵˵ǽֻǶԷԵѣὫԷƵ·
һ㿴׺Ȼãڤ磬ƺһʵѪ硣
磬ȱҲԣΪЩȻɱ¾ĸ֣Ĳࡣ
ڤ磬޻ǣ˵Ҳнǧ˿ڣǵۼ֣ƺûгһ
ձ㣬ҲǴﵽɵ۾ڤһǧ֮Уһɵ۾ĸ֣
ǧ֮һıС
ڸܵڤʱ׶һٱһʱ򣬺ȻҲȫĽˡ
ԼѡҪȥԸҪһٱһʱȥѡߵĲпľ
Щ֣ңˮǺܸ˵ģϣڣ֪漶ҲЩȻĶ
ȻҲֻĶѣµ̫ܱһЩɫġ
׶εڤˣڤɯȴˣ˵ܿ㣬ŬңˮȻǸˣΪ׵ĳɫ֣ΪڤĿ佱
ǣ֪ԭ򲢲ЩңˮԼϣżϣҲԼš
£ֻˡ
ңˮͨĸܡ
ЦЦʦΣͽ׼չˣʦǺʹ϶ɣͽҪ˵
ǹķɣҵ˵ķռʮʱչأȻص磬һǧʱˡ
ңˮ˵⻰ģκʱңˮͬǺصġ
΢΢һЦĵңˮȻʮִ׾뵽¡
ʦ룬ʮʱȻΪ籾ʱһٱôܽʡһǧʱ䣬϶Щˣ
Цţͬ쳹ңˮС
ңˮ΢΢һ㶣漴ĿһȻãֻķռ䣬ʺô
ȻΪЩ飬ʹңˮĶˡ
΢΢һЦȻǺǣʦʮôڣҵķռ䣬ͬĴﵽ˰ٱ仯绷ϵһͲΪڤ֮޷ˡ
֪㲢ںʱĳ̣ǺһԽԼİ֮ˣȻԽã𣿡
ͬңˮ˵
ңˮȴû˵ǽĿһָۣ׶ͷһµСʦûа㣡
˵űֱӴѾͷңϡ
Ƭ̣˱æǰĴ
ңˮ΢΢һЦʲôҲû˵ֱӵĲ󷨣լԺرȻŴһӣڵˣк֮С
ʦǡСĹʵ
չأһΣȫչأŬʵ
˾Ǿ
ңˮЦȴֱӻ֣Ϊңˮûзʵ׵ͣƬ̣׵ȫĳʥ֮С
£ռ޻һģһͬǣûˡ
⣬ǡ
˾ǵɴ۾޻ǣΪȴǳԼ⣬Ҳһˣ
ʦֵķռ䣬ţ˵գʱһٱһҲǣһ꣬һʱ䣬ҪŬȻʱûʲôǱϾڶʱʵǺܲģٿԸ㹻ʱ͹Ϊˡ
ңˮ˵һѵãʦҲܺһǶŬɡ
ңˮ˽ͣ˾ǿˣңϣȴĬĬĿһۣûж˵ʲô
Ȼңƺ뵽ĳЩܣǸĬߣ˵ĴӲ˵
ˣĳ̶ȣҲȫŵģҲ˵ȥ˵õķ顣
үʦ֣Ҫ뿪𣿡ĳ׵·һСŮֵ̬ľѣ˵Ŀɰ
ͷЦţȷʵΪȻ뿪ǷɣĿǰ˵⻰ңԶĺܡ
ң뿪ˣֻҪʥ˾磬Ȼǻٴġ
Ȼʥ˾ֻҪʸ־壬ڲôһġ
СѾͷݺݵĵ˵ͷȻ۾ģ˸طȥˡ
ţңˮҲ׷׵ҵطȥˡ
ףڤĬĬ̾Ϣһ׼ȥ
ǺȻ뵽ͱˡ
ʱһˣͬռ֮УĪҪ˲źã
ţһӦʶ͸ʥռ䣬һƽռ䡣
һ٣׺ȻЦˣˣ
ʥһߵĿռ䣬ȻǳԵǵģҲ˵ʥ󣬿еģÿһռ䣡
Ȼˣ׺Ȼ뵽һֲ
ڤ޻꣬ʥһռĳԵ壡
ⲻ޵ô
״ϲ漴һˮͷϣͷ˽š
꾳ٵν壬Ƚ٣ǲܼġ
Ҳ˵ǿҲֻȽٺҵľ硣
ΪƣǿȻͻƾż龳磡
Ϊ⽣龳磬Ϊɽڵģ徳粻ǿҲá
Ҿż龳磬ǡöӦĴ˺ھ硣
ЩɵۣȴҲֻεĽʵ
ܱ޷ҪõĶˡ
һױѾоԼ˿ʥһռ䣬Ե档
黯һӰֱӿԽռ䣬Լ֮С
ںƬ̣Ȼһνվʱ򣬿Ըܵƺǿ˺ܶ࣬龳ҲӦļ龳磬ǿȣѾЩЭˡ
꾳̫ǿʵǿ̫ȻѾǿˣǺȻ̫
ȻΣʱҲûżͱǰ
ȻûȫĵͶȻΪǵԵʣҲΪЩ֪巢ʲôԲĲ
׳ֺ˶ʱܵ׵Ϣʮֵĸˡ
ֹס˵ĳ嶯˵൱İʱı˵ﲻٳ֣ö˺úõĹÿһΪȻ󲻶ϵȥֱ֮١
˵ЩȻֻ˵ԼҲҪչȱչɱ᳾Ե֮Ļֱ뿪ˡ
ҲûκεĲ±ĵ
ף˿̴ڳԵǵķΧʱֻһٱѣȻΣȴҲֻŬⱾΪ
Ϊǽ龳磬֮ǰΪ꣬⽣龳˿徳練ĳֳϺڵˡ
Ȼľ磬ҲӦǿŽ龳ֻΪֳ
׽龳ǰ棬ֻҪԼںϾˡ
Ḷ́Ȼޱȿģ׵ǿ󣬶ǽҲﵽˣֻҪǿȼɣҲ̫ʹࡣ
ңƷԪʯ˿ţҲ㹻ˡ
Ḷ́ѶȲ̫󣬶λ꾳ʮǿֻҪ㹻㹻ǿĻ弴ɡ
׿׵ͷųŽˣżΪ꾳絽ˣҲѾԷųȴ޷ܣҲ޷ƿ磬ײûʹǿż𣬶ֻʹɫľŽ塣
ԪʯŽ׿ʼ˴徳Ĺ̡
ʱţһתۣһôȥˡ
׵ʵںͽӦľﵽһ¡


231 𡤾ż龳
ļ龳磬ӦĲǷڵľѣΪ絽ˣ壬һ꣬ҲʮֶݵʱˣձҲŹȥһѡ
Ȼⷨռһ棬ʱȴǹȥһꡣ
֮׽ϣֱʧط󷨽׽˷һ棬ڤ޻ռ䡣
ռ䣬΢΢Ӧһ£һ꣬ңˮʵѾ߼ڤ۾ˣˣʮֵԣǴԪ磬ԪӤڵľˡ
и̾ҲûбǺͽ龳ˣֿ龳ˡ
һΣѡһطȻʼ𽣻
Žû˲١
Ľ龳㣬齣޻꾳磬齣޻꾳磬Ӧĺڵľ磡
ľ磬齣Ѫɷ齣Ѫɷ֮磬ӦǶȽǰڵ徳硣
߲㾳磬齣ޣ齣֮磬ӦǶȽٺڵ徳硣
ڰ˲㾳磬齣齣֮磬ӦǴǰڵ徳硣
ھŲ㾳ʱ򣬱齣Ԫľˣһ㾳磬ӦǴ˺ڵ徳硣
Ӧľ粻ǿ󣬵׿񣬴ﵽھŲ㾳ʱ齣ԪʵֻǾżɣԶԸˣ
ԽģѾﵽ˿ֲʮ˸ˣ
⣬ǽǿ󹥻
֪Ϊǿֻܴﵽĵ߲㣬齣޵ľ磬ױֻŬ飬Ȼ壬һֱȽٺڣŬ飬ھŲ㡢齣Ԫľ硣
ûѡֻѡ񣬲õѡ
Щ֮󣬽ʱ䣬ֻŬ򾳽ˣȴûа취飬ʱΪ뿪ڤ磬ҲͲܶ٣٣ûа취ٽϴ񣬺ľ粻ܼͻơ
һƺγ˺ܶԵѭΨһԼʵķǲ󷨣ϾҪڤõںһĶҪ֮رز١
ڤڤڣνҪ֮أûһʵȥ붼
ԣ£õĴ֮ʵʵĿʼ龳
龳ʱٴεĲˮĵá
ңˮÿһξ֮ĸ򣬾õָĲ˵ֶھĸ򣬾ԱõĶھķ
׾ָ֮Уÿһľ磬ʼţʼŽ龳磬š
ʱת֮УرǾ֮Уʱúܿ죬ܿ졣
һһٵʱһٱһʱĳ֮Уתۼ䣬һѾȥˡ
һ֪֮꣬䣬׸оԼ꾳磬Ѿļ˵ľ磬龳磬Ҳ͵ͻ弶飬龳磬ﵽ˱Ƚǿ龳۷״̬
弶龳磬齣޻꣬ǳ룬ԽȫʵϣһֱױԽ鹥һ㣬ѶȲǺܴ
ͻƽ㣬ΪϺȣŻ˽꣬ĿޣҲкܺõĻرġ
㣬齣ѪɷϿ񻯹׿ѪɷĹǿȣѪɷǳȡȫȫһǾۺϴ󲿷ֵӿ͵ķ񹥻
Ͼһ㣬齣޻ֵ֮֮ģǽĹˡ
Ĺûĺ֮ǣǿ󣬿ɼһߡ
ﵽ齣Ѫɷ۷״̬֪Լȥֲнˣֿʼˮĵõľˡ
꣬Խ״̬һռ䣬ȻԽںֿʼ塭
壬ʼںḶ́Ѷȴ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ֪ѶȻܴ
н龳֧ţѶȻȴҲǲԿ˷ġ
ȻʹõľŽȻĲϴߵں϶ȣϾûȥ֮ȥòʧ
̣˵Ǽ˵Ŀģÿÿ뵽˵ױҧ
ʱһš
һδ壬ֱӽ˶Ƚٺڵ۷壬ȴǻһǧ꣡
һռ䣬ȴǹȥʮ꣡
ЩԼеʱ˵ֻǹȥʮѣ壬Ҳֻȥʮꡣ
һλصĿռʱڸоһͼͻƵĸоˡ
ĽȻʹýͻƵĳ嶯ˡ
ӦһŮΪȻ֣ʮ꣬˵ΪڿҪﵽȽˡ
ӣٹһңǾҪȽˡ
ңˮ˿Ȼ߼ڤ۾磬ҪͻƣƺЩѶˡ
ңϵʵҲ˶Ƚپ磬СѾͷ޼
΢΢һЦٴںʱܣĻᣬֻŬգܵ˺Сܶ࣬죬ٳʱԼʵҲ衣
һεһγľ磬Ҫǽ۷״̬
ǻ弫˵ĲгҲȥ
龳ĵأ齣ޣ齣֮磬ӦǶȽٺڵ徳硣
ΪѾﵽˣ꾳ҲԶԶĳˣ⽣ľ磬ҪͻƣѶȲ
֮ľ磬ڰ˲㣬齣ѶȴǴˡ
ھŲ㣬齣Ԫ磬ѶȸǴڣ룬ǲѣҲֻŬˡ
ȻǸˮĵã꾳Ѿﵽ弶˵ľˣڸ֮Уĸϵĸÿθмֱ뷨͸̾
֮УȷʵоԼ˶˲٣Ҳ˲١
Ȼ̣ȴʮֵĳԣУ֪
֮У֪£齣޵ľ磬ڴﵽˣȻһԲ۷徳硣
嶼ɢȵĽɫĹâһΣȴ齣ľת
齣ôһ־硣
û֪
׵ʶ֮УԪӤ˿һ㣬˽֮⣬飬һ̣Ȼˡ
ۡ
ԪӤһھѪһ̺Ȼ𣬵ײû⣬һж֮С
ȻѪĽ֮󣬽ʧˣһɫĹâȻ֮˽ԪӤ֮С
˿̣ԪӤҲ׵ʧˣ׵꣬վա
ڣһɫĽһǡ
𽥵ıСͬ׵꣬Ҳһ˲ıС
ڣСһĳ̶ȣذһĶٴεĳˣ׵ĽԪӤȴʧˡ
ذ׵ںˣ׵ꡣ
ƺԼɻ꿪ʼɱˣﵽľ磬걾Ҳ뵽˵ľˡ
걾ܵɱ䣬ڼ
ذٴγͺУǺͽһ޶Ķȴǽˡ
齣ľ磬һɲǣҲȫĴﵽˡ
ľ磬˵ʲôֻ֪һ̣ȫĳɹˡ
ǵģΪɽĸоȫˡ
Ǵ˿壬׿Կ϶ɾ֮󣬿ֱӴԼƽľ磬뽣ľˡ
Ϊ齣𣬼֮󣬱ǽˣֻǿϧ˿̲ܽ٣
ź֮УȻǿеţȻͻƵ˽ĵھŲ㣬齣Ԫľ硣
齣Ԫʼʱ磬һֱ۷壬ͬģذģĶʧˡ
׽Լһ꣬һꡣ
ںˣȻһҪ꣬棬ȴֻԴҪꡣ
νҪ֮꣬еǣڣںʶ⣬ϲʶ
һҲȫĴﵽ˽۷ˣ֪ȥҲнˡ
ʱֻۣңˮ˶վԼߵȴš
ңҲˡ
һӦε׸̾Ȼꡣ
ڤ磬Ҳѣ磬ꡣ
˿ңˮĵɫЦЦʦǵ˺ܾðɡ
ţȷʵܵʱ䳤Ļˣһ꣬ͰǶѾȽٺˣҪȥȽˣȻûҲû
һ꣬ǹ˺üΪһôɣǺǡ
ңˮЦ
ԣҲЦˣˣ˿ȴˡ
ôˣЩѾͷǺԡ
΢΢һЦңϺСѾͷ׼ˣ֡
һ̣һ˸ճңȻ죬Ͼˡ
΢΢һ㶣ײҲЦˣӦһ£ҲǺǿľ١
һ٣Ҳûз䣬˺ܶࡣ
ֻңˮƵķػټһ򵥵Ʒ󷨣٣С˼
Ƚ٣ȻǳĻɽ֮ϣûʲôġ
ʼȽٵʱÿ˶ǿʼʱ˼Ȼ֮еȴٽ˵׺ըҹ֮ͣˡ
֮˶õ˽״壬֮ȻûˣǱ״ʹ࣬Ҳǿġ
ص֮ٴεĽңˮ˴ʥ֮С
˶Ƚ٣׶ЩĽˡ
ⷨռһεĽһռ䣬ȻںԼ
ȻѾ޷ȴҲŬĹǿȣǿӦǿϵҲԺ屻ľ档
Ϥ˽һϰٴεĻصڤĿռ䡣
ֿռ䣬Ҳ޷ֻǱоˡ
һУɱУͷʵʮǿģ
һļķ󷨣ɱ󷨵ǲСġ
ң޻٣һĵһƷ󷨣ܿסǿֲһν׳󷨵ǿ󣬾ӹɵġ
ԣ׿ʼǱо󷨡


232 ꡤĩ·
һϵͳо󷨣ȻǴӵһļ󷨿ʼ
ʥ֮УʱΪһٱһΪϵڤ籾һٱһʱ䡣
ôһһʱ䱶ˡ
ĻᣬȻ˷ѣΣȫһĳ֮еоȥˡ
Ѿھ龳磬˼㣬ҲãԣȫĵĿʼ˼
󷨣Ƕ꣬Ǻаģرɱ󣬸˵á
һļĸ󷨣ܽ˽ɢɸ棬ȻЩǳֶΣǾ󷨱ԣҲļĸ󷨶ѣ
ͬģһƷ󷨣ȴǿԵֿ޻ٵһǿĳ󷨵ǿǲԶ
׳һ֮֮ȫĵͶ룬Ҳʮֵ˾̾ġ
ûʲôǣҲصʱ䣬صΪôĿꡢʶȥ󷨣ĸоʹп⡣
һ˵
֮еʱ򣬴ʼеı仯Ǭԣеĸӣ겻ѡ
꣬׷ĸܵ󷨵ĸӣ֮еָ
ͨ󷨣׺Ȼ׵ˣһˣҪĻ趮󷨣һ㣬ˡ塢ңˮȻǳġ
һʦһһ󷨴ʦһ󷨴ʦȴһʦΪ󷨣Ҫ֮
֮Уӿʼ󷨻ʼһεĸȻÿһ֪ʶ㣬׶ϸľ׽ţ͸
ûκεѹšޡʱȥ򣬶׶ԣȻʮֵĿġ
ֳԵĸо׿ʼ
ʱ䡢ռ䣬Ҳҡ
һ򵥵ԭʼ򣬵һΣԭļϣǴһ㿪ʼȻ㣬ȻǵγɵߣȻߣγ档
һḶ́ϸĸţ֪ҪףûκεĽҵ뷨Ҳûκεļꡣ
ľƽ̬ͣв׵ĵطͷʼУԲȥ
мζױͣȻˮĵã
ػأתۼ䣬һȥˣȴȻûн󷨵ĵһ㣬һ󷨵ĸ
ֻǽȫŪˡ
꣬ȻһĻƪţײûļҲûпȥ˶ʱ䣬ĸ
ʮʱĻѾȫ͸ˣڣеĿܻҲѾյʮ˵ˡ
׽˵һĸ
һĵһ󷨣Ҳǵһĵһ󷨣Щ󷨣ʹõʱ򣬶ܰڳƷˣǴ˿̣ȴûк
һ󷨣ֻƷĵһ󷨣һƷ󷨸֮γɸ󷨣ǶƷˡ
Ʒ󷨣ڸ󷨡
ʮĸ󷨣˿̣ӽ뵥һ󷨿ʼȻʼ˷ϵ֮׵󷨸һǧ
̶һʱ䣬ױѾĸ󷨾磬Ҳ˵Ʒ󷨵
һҲ֪ҪҪĵˡ
ʱܶ࣬׳ʼǱ޵š
㣬󷨵ĸͬľ磬ڲϵľš
ת֮䣬һٰʮȥˡ
ְڳһ˼Ʒ󷨣ɱȣȫĶϵı仯ţںһվ
ǿȣ֪ƾİ˼Ʒ󷨣żɾһĸ֣ԼԱ֮ˡ
󷨵ǿȣѾˣ󷨵ǿȣѾʵռ䣬ˡ
֪ܽһѾȫĴﵽ󷨵۷״̬ˣҪϰ˼󷨣ɵ۾磬ԼҲûʵˡ
Ǵﵽĳɾͣʮֵĸˡ
٣֮ˮĵõ־ĸ֪˺ܶĶˡ
꾳磬ҲѾﵽ˾ż˾۷壬ΪԭҲѾﵽ˿Ծļˡ
ľ磬ȴͬͣڽھŲľϡ
Ԫľ磬Ҳﵽ۷״̬پ
ͣһռ壬ȻǴڶȽٺڣͬûʲô仯
ﵽľ磬֪κһ澫Ѿǲܵˡ
ȻˣԳȥѰ뿪ˡ
ţȻ϶а취ȥġ
ʥ䣬һ꣬磬ˡ
ڤ磬ȴҲꡣ
վ˲ƳǰԶ׿һۣǵľ磬Ѿǿˡ
ңϡˣѾﵽڤľ磬ңˮƺ߼Ʒ󷨾磬ͬʱʵҲﵽ˾żڤ۵۷徳硣
ӣңˮҪȽˣҪڤ֮١
򣬼Щ˶Ҳţ׼뿪
ʱңˮȻе׶Ϊʦ
˿̣ѾңˮʦĸݣԶңˮ˵ȻᷴС
΢΢һЦʦģҶѾ۷״ֻ̬ܳȥѰ壬취뿪ˣʱɣҪ뿪ʱ򣬱ֻǳˡ
ңˮ˵ͷʵҲ׵ȷʵȫѾ˿Ҫűĵزȥȷʵûа취ˡ
˵ͷ׶ҪѰһЩڣڤŴһ£ӦǻϢģΪʦɯȴ˵һЩĵطȥ޻ǵ깺ͼ֮УмƷڤԪʯ
׵˵ͷȻݱңˮųʥ䡣
ռ䣬һģǳȻо˲١
㾳磬ַƵĸо͸͸ǿԵġ
ֻ»ЩҲֻΡ
˿ܣûмڤԪʯײֻӦһ¡
һӦײ֪ԭңˮҲ߿ڤԪʯѡ
ңˮʯͷ࣬Ҳ֪ⶫ֮ף㲻ٶ˵һҲûãֱӵʧ֮С
һ̣޻ꡣ
һνǵСѾ˸ˣҲʮֵˡ
˵֮ϣ㱻ƷԪʯļ۸
һʥ棬ҲɿЦ£ʣƷԪʯ40ƷԪʯˣƷԪҲֻ17ˣģһǬָ֮⣬ûˡ
ȡЩ֮΢΢ȴòЩˡ
ڤȴȥѰ壿
׳ãǲ֪ǰδ
ң뵽˵Ժ֮иһƬ¡
ѪѪݡ顢ʥʮ顭
˵ѪѪεõĵĲݣҪõֱ췽ҹ̷
ҳ޾飬ҲڵԪӤɱܵõ޾ƹܵ٣
ɱ˾
ʥ˽ʯһʲô˲
󣬹ʥܽԼռµʥ޵ʥ
ʮ飺顢ػ顢飻顢顢顢顢顢顢Ӣ飬ǲ֪ӺѰ
ʵҲֻôȥˣģ붼롣
뿪޻ǣ˳ĻɽãͷŲ졭
塭Ҫ壡
׿죬˻š
ڣ·ߣֻôˡ
áպȻǲûз硣
ǣûзƬ̣ȴǼסɲǡ
նȻ죬γһ仰Ȼ׵С
СѣѾܳͷһѾ˶ϣԼ·գн
Զȥأָ˿Ī֮ӿȥģôѸ١
׻ȻʣȻ䣬ǰ޻Į֪ԼѾа취뿪ˡ


233 Ǭ
Ȼ֪˵˭ܸоǺƵģңҲʮֵǿ
Щײ⡣
ӳԵϵ޻ĮµĻͬ޻Į
ңӳԵǵ޻Į뿪ʱ򣬴ӻĮ֮Ѱ壬νĺ塮µ޻ǣǡǡǿںϵġ
ںϣֻ϶ԡ
Ϊ͡޻ꡯȫǵͬġ
ûлǣ
Ȼ޻Į𣬾ܱ䣬ȻӦ޻ǵ޻Į
һ㣬׿ƶϣӦþɽ֮µ޻Į֮С
ǾڻĮ֮еײ֪
޻Į濴ȥû󷨴ڣڳԵǵ޻ĮȻ󷨣ңˮһǿ󷨣Ǭ󷨡
һԽż󷨡
£޻Į٣׵ĸ֪֮Уûһ󷨡
˴˿״ֱ̬״̬ţΪѾʶںϣ䵱壬˷еٶȣҲǼġ
޻ĮϿշкܾãȴûκεջ
ʱ֮ǰǺϵӸ𰸣һţϵ
£ΪʲôĵطûУΪĵطˡ
վڻĮģ׳ŻĮĵ¸֪˹ȥ
ǽȴͬġ
£۶ôĵطȻǻɳҰ
վڻĮģþõûƶһ²
Ȼ䣬һ׺Ȼ뵽ɽķΧѾһ֮أ
Ǭص棬ʵ̫棬Ϊ棬˸Բʲôʱʵ磬ʲôʱ֮е硣
Ҫǲ󷨣ƽ֮⣬һַǾ֮в
󷨡
ν󷨣ûװԣҲûС
һ֮вǿ󷨣ôΪĲƽ⣬ʹ֮ǰ󷨳ҡ
û˼ȴֻǳ̽һһѣ˲󷨵ʱֱѡһǿİ˼Ʒ󷨡Ѫɷ
󷨣һɱ󣬾ۺؼɱ⣬Ȼ֮е˸һֱɱɢ˵һʮִ󷨡
󷨣ڲõͬʱʼϸĸӦţȻ䣬ռ΢΢Ķʱ׶ʱȻ
ȻɽڵĺܴһƬռ䣬󷨵İΧ֮ڣѹ˵ʵĻûзӦԭڲ֮䣬Ѿ󷨣
׸̾ţҲΪ²⵽Ŀܶˣζţа취Ѱ壬Ѱ뿪·ˡ
ΪԼĲƣ԰˵Υ棬ȴ뵽˵ĽҲ²ǲҲͷˡ
˿̶Ҳûã׸ſռĶŶ󷨵Ϥܿ˽󷨵ķˡ
󷨵ķĽڲռ䣬Ǽ򵥵ĺʵռĿռ䡣
ſռϸ΢仯ͨ󷨷ĸһ˿΢Ц𽥵ĳ׵ϡ
ȷʵĶ󷨵ĸ򣬼Ǹģʮ־ˣο󷨷츳Ҳǿġ
ĸ󷨣˿ͨռϸ΢Ķױ֪󷨣ȻѾֶһ˿ϸСˡ
ԭû󷨣Ϊͬǿ󷨵ĸԤԳһ㡣
һ㣬ױܽ󷨵ڲռ䡣
󷨵ĸ֮
һ㣬׼Ӵ˶Լõһ˼Ʒ󷨡Ѫɷƿء
Ȼ󣬸󷨵һı仯ܱ䣬ѪɷĶΧպŲױǬһʶˡ
𽥵ĽУĶҲԽԽˡ
ͬʱΪϵ룬Ҳ𽥵ķ֣ԭ󷨣ܹ˼С
Ѿ뵽˶Ǭ󷨵о֮УֻǶ󷨣һĸܺ뷨Խ׷ûмŽǬ󷨵Ŀռˣǿʼ󷨵ʽࡣ
󷨵ĵӣ˰˼ʱ򣬱Ըһ󷨶󷨵Ȳͬȼ󷨻ĵˣֵӣ󷨣ȴҲǻͬģǿԿ϶ӵԽ࣬󷨵Խ󷨵ĸӣҲӵĸӡ
˵󷨣һƷ󷨣һķ󷨣ںϳ̶Ȳܴﵽѡ
ͬǬ󷨣ںϳ̶ȣǲŽ
ҲײŲķ֣Ǭ󷨣ǵһľżƷ󷨵ӱܵģһЩһ󷨣󷨵ȵͼ󷨵ӱܶɵġ
֣һµĸ
󷨵оҲˣҪԺ㹻ʱ䣬Ȼȥ򣬶ǰҪģŬĽ޻Į͸Ȼȡ֮Ķ
õȻ뿪
ѪɷУ£ѾҪΧĿռͻˣ֪ʱҲѾȫĵˡ
£һ󷨣ɲǣΧĿռ䶸Ȼ
˿̣ȴǼٵĶˡ
Ӱһ磬һӰȻʧ֮䡣
ʱж֮У˲Ѿ̤ʮָӵĲ󷨣ǽԼ嵱Ĺһ㣬˲ʹ˳
ĽĽ޼
һ̣׶ʱһʮֹĿռ֮С
˵Ƭռܹ죬Ϊܸоռ䣬ȳڤ֮ڤԪڤ֮ҲͬſֲԪԪ
һĿռ䣬֪ӦþǬ󷨵ڲռˡ
ΪһģվмʱĿȴܴһ¡
ڲȻƽҲǿ񱩣ƺûкܴķֱ𣬵ʵϣдա
룬ԼƿܣѰһö壬ôңˮ˽ᱻȥǱԼ硣
Ϊڤǲġ
룬лƽ֮˳Ǭ󷨣Ȼʥ֮Уңˮ˵ľ
ˣңˮһ˱ص֮УȻԳصģʽٴεĴ˶լԺ
ףȴһεͨķǬ֮С
֮УһɳĮͬģɳ˹ɳ˵ǰͬһɽһЩϤɽ
⣬ǵ֮ɽô
Ȼϵģ
ɽ׺ȻЦˡ
ʵϣһк֮УûκεĲ
Ȼһжٶ֮Уȴû׵̤ԼĲ
ͬԪĴڣ׵Լ˳ȻںԼꡣ
о˲١
ΪԷһ״ս׺սѥͬʱֽʥķػϣͬػģҲꡣ
̤齣һ󷨵ܻ׵ٵĴɳĮϿա
Ȼ޷þż󷨣޷Ǭ󷨣Ƕ󷨵֪ȣȴʮ־˵ġ
ײ˵ʮ˵õ󷨣Ҫ֮УɱȴҲʮֵѡ
Ͼ˵Ǭ󷨵أһЩϤǧڴεĵͼ󷨡
ԵĴҲǺ޷ܵģĪ谭ֺȻֵƣ󷨽ƣƣƵȣ˺εġ
ЩطҲǱӲġ
֮Уǵô˶ٸӣҲ֪ʱΣĴУĸǿȵ֮У׷𽥵ٴʱ䡣
ӻĮԽɽԽţԽɽԽȻԽͺһεĳɽǰ
һεЩϤɽ׶˵ʲôоˡ
Զԣƽƽģ档
̤һȻصѹʹ׵üͷݺݵ


234 Ѫޣ1
ʵˣǿƣӵǿˣ
ֽƣ汥žżƷɱ󡪡Ѫޣ
ǿ󷨽֮£ٶȱȻ⣬Ѫ󷨣żƷ󷨣ǾԿɱżĸֵģ
˼󷨺;ż󷨿һߣеĹ֣ȴǲɿԽġ
һ׵ĳ蹵ǰ˼󷨽иϣɾ;żƷ󷨣󷨵ǿȣҲǺֲܿģԾż
ǣȻµľż󷨣Ʒ󷨣
ѾȷʵԼյˡ
Ψһİ취Ҫ뿪ڤ磬ɽɽۡ
ҪɽɽۣҪͨƺѪ󷨡
ҪͨƺѪ󷨸ϵ󷨽ƣ·ֻһǾǣ
һʮֶӵĶѭҲǣ뿪ֻˣȴҲҪ뿪ˣΪΪ׼ڤ磡
̤ĽŲص˻һʱվɽţĬ
˻ȥҲѾˣҪǰĻѶ̫
ô죿
ʥ䣬Σַֻɡ
ҧҧɽţȻ󣬼˿ֲȻ֣׼ǿҲõ˼ӳ֣˽ŹͷȻڿ죬ȴҧһĳš
ɽϵգ𽥵ĿʼѪ죬һУͬѪɫģ֮УһŨʮġѾںɫȻĵѪɫĺڶռ
͡
ԶԶģ׵ͿʼţԸӦŵĿֲɱ
ѪΪ֮УΪݶΪ͵󷨣ǾżҲᵨ
֮£ӦŹµķλײϵļѵš
¾ۼޱӴÿһ׶ͷϵĺˮ䣬ͬʱĵͺһ
µɽºܺʵܼӲǿ͵Ħа㶯
Ǻܺõϣ״˿ȴû˼ȥЩ
һ׳ѪɫâγɹͷʱѾܶܡ
ȭͷգзٵŹµʱȻɲǼʥ֮С
ΣĿռ䣬Ԫһռ䡣
˫Ŀ͸ʥŹһУŽҪߵ·
ţȻ䣬ʥݺݵĲһ£Ϊʥǣ׵꣬ҲһĲ
Ȼǽʥ䣬ǰĿռطʥ䲢ʧ֮С
֮УӲˡ
еı仯ΪһҲȻѪɫĹĹΧ֮С
ȻѪɫ޲ĹҲʥ䡣
ʥ䣬ΪԴʥ̶ȻʮǿģѪɫĹһΣҲֻǲ˼ζѡ
һѪȻ˲ĳʥ䣬¼˲䱬һǿȻ塰ٿһǰ˳ȥ
米ɽţھ޴֮£Ѿ޷վˡ
ԽϣԽ󣬹ĹҲԽܼ
ݡ
һѪɫ֮˸һ£Ȼ˲ĳ׵ͷ
ſڵϣ׵ĺȻ˲ݺݵһ˿
ʱһⶸȻ֣һȻɱ¡
֮£һᣬʥķȻϡ
أ
ݺݵĺը׵ۡſڵϣ׻ݺһѪ϶ʱȾһƬ
ʥĽεĹֵǻֵĹҲըŤȴûѡ
Ƭָֻ̣ԭ֮ɫ
ûвȥǵѪ˫ֱ۳ڵϣٵţȻһбһŹԪ
ûκεԥżƷĹԪî˾ٵɽš
ԽԽ죬֮£ֻܲϵĽʥܹȻȥgȻֽʥ֮жܡ
Ḷ́һֱţƺԶûоͷ
һһεĳɽһһεĶѪɫĹһһεıըʥػϣһһεıˡ
Ȼѭڳ׵֮еһ֡
ɽǺܸߣʮеľ룬߶ԣһУٱľ룬һ˲ƣǲˡ
󷨺Ѫ󷨵ĸ󷨽֮У˵˲ơѡ
ûʥ䣬׿ԼĽ֡
ãá
Ҳ֪жٸӣһľۻһɽҲңңƵĿռ䣬ҲҪԽȥˡ
˿ȴûзɾ衣
ĻѪܻΪѪޣֵʵĹʥķ㣬ѾԷסǽʥܰȫıܿ
ԣ£·ӵˡ
ǲ˶ٴˣʮ߿żƷĹԪѾһա
׻ָԼĴˣѾһ׵ľ룬̬Ȼ侲Ȼƽ
ҪϵɽˣڿҪֲ߳ĸˡ
֪һлΪԼϤоյߵڣǶ󷨲Ϥͬʱһ㣬ֻѾˡ
ͬʱҲܼԽѣҲԽ˵ˣһ뿪ڤ硣
ָƬ̣ʵȫĻָ״̬ʱ׶ʱȫۼ˽ŲȻһ̣ǰˡ
εĿ񻯣һؿ񻯣ǳ񻯣
𡫡
ݺݵ˻һ׶ʱɽԵ֮ȻɲǼ䣬˽ºݺݵı˿ֲ˳ɽķݺݵ˹ȥ
ֻҪһ׵ľ룬ͷˣ
мţ˫ҲѪһƬͷҲ侲Ŀ¡
ǾʱҵѪɫкȻѸٵںϵһȻ󲻶ϵתһ޴ѪޣһĵһȻޱȵġһɿֲѪɷ֮ݺݵĸ¡
еѪɫһɲǼ䴩Խռľ룬һ㣬׵Դ˹
ºݺһһĸоѸٵĳС
һ̣׺Ȼָо֪ʥ䣬ѾܷˣԼʥڲҲͬıĳˣ
ֺȻֵĸоȻʮʵģͬģĸом٣
ԼֳǰĶΣյĸ֪ԼУ
ԣһ£ûԥģ׺Ȼ˱ĵ
ɣ
ǵģʥΪɣ
Ѫ޵Ĺһ֪󷨵˶ԣ֪һιԼԲ˶ߣ
ңһμȻûгһ׵ľ룬Ϊ̬ѪޣΪ󷨵ıܣܿһ֮䣬Լɽȥ
Ľⲻ֪µŬΪ׷ϣ
ĽײܳܵģΨһĽ֮ǲϧƻ󷨣ʹɣ
ȻɣǰͷһȻɽıԵ
ʱʥ䶸ȻȻ󱬷һɿֲĹâ
ͬһУһ˿ֲУȻôĳ׵ͷѪ޵Ѫɫȴǲûа֡
ɽֻٶȿֲ˼㡣
ѽ
ſѪ֮Уļ
ѪѪɫĹâͬһһ㣬Ŀն˫֮УֻһƬĹâ
ϵвˣңУȫѪеѪɫһ
رɫˣһΣıɫˣ󷨣Ҳ
ɫ䣬ҲоˣѪޣȻѪɫ֮ͬʮӴ
ѪɫݺݵĿͷǿֲϡ
һΣʥûɣȻ䣬׸оһļ£Ȼʥڲ
ʱռ䡰䣡һݺݵıը
ѪɫǺɫУݺݵײһ


235 Ѫޣ2
żƷ󷨣ΪǿĪѪޡ
ѪֻһһľżƷ󷨣ģȴһǵѪޣӵǿĹ˵žԵǡ
Ϊﵽż󷨣Ѿʵı仯
˵˼ƷѾʼռ;ʵķĻôż󷨣ʵ󷨿ռķ
ķͨģķ򣬶˼֮ȻҲз򣬵ⷨȴҲͨ󷨺͸ӵܻɵһȻķѡ
ԣҲʱ޷ż󷨵ԭڡ
ۼʥļʽʮֲֿѪҲͬĻȫԼ֮е֤ԼȡȻһţȻݺݵĳ׵ͷĺɫ
һУ̺ͬʮֲֿ
ռԵĴһ״̬ѪӰĵطռҲѾŤ
͡
һƬƬĿռŤ
ŤĲֿͷɫеʱߺȻɲǼݺݵĲ
ײһ
ѪɫһеģȻǺݺݵ˺ѡ
͡
ɫĻ棬ѪɫĴ۵Ĺâʱ򷢳ǳǧţĦһ顣
׵һ̺ݺݵĲһ£Ȼ֣һΣΣпֲĸоʮֵĴڡ
һΡΣˡ

ʥ֮УȻΣյĸоʱ֪ʥ䣬Ҳܡ
ɣǿǿ󣬵£ȻǾżƷѪ޵Ķ֡
ʥ˲һ£Ȼݺݵ׵ֺ꣬ݺݵĲΡ
ɲǣȻ䣬ʥͬһ
Ŀռ䣬Ѫ޵ѪɫͺɫнĵطռҵĲ
Ȼ󣬺Ȼ䡪
䡪
ıը֮Ȼɽһ̺ݺݵıըⱬըֱӵĽɽɽͷըһС롣
ɽȻʮּӲ£Ҳһ
ʥӿ£˸ţЩ졣
ѪʧˣãɽۣҲƽ
ƽ󣬻ɽϣ˵į͹Ƶĸо׵ĸо֮С
ۡ
³һѪ֪µν棬ѾɣԼҲͬһܵ𶯣壬Ǳ˵ˡ
û˹ԪֻŬһָû뿪ʥռ䡣
ָȴҲֻ˰ʱѣϾǿʮǿ
Ӧһʥ䣬΢΢һ㶣εĳ̾˿
ʥ䱾ûκεƻֽɵȴıѪȥˡ
Ҫ޸ﵽߵˮƽ£Ǹûпˡ
壬Ȼܵ˳ͷѾٿܰԼˡ
׿Ц漴ҲȻˣ˼ɵԼܻΣʱѡӱܣҲã
˼ţ漴΢΢ҡҡͷȻʥĿռ䡣
վƵɽͷ׸оǸӡ
ûʮ˵õƣҲûʲôѪˣǱǬ󷨣ȴȻĴڵġ
˿ɽµ翵ĲɼԨٿգ¶һ˿Цݡ
֮ϣ˸ŵĵɫĹâ
⵭ɫĹâ׻ǺϤģȻⶫ塣
УһȻգ˹
һɫĽжѡ
ûκεĽƣɢŵĹΡ
кǼʱ򣬲ľҲõ
ﶼ֪ˣҪõĶడȴ޷١
ţȴѹסԼļ
ð죬ſԼļȻʼŴ⵭ɫĽС
УһĴ򿪣һöȻ档
ּ˷ܣĽУָ΢΢һȻ֣Щ
֣Ȼǡ
֪ö壬һԼ뿪ﵽһǿȡ
ڤԣνɱѣ
˵ʲôоǴ˿̣ȻҪ뿪ˣЩᣬ룬Żû뿪׸ңˮѶϢ
ʦͽҪ뿪ˣصһһеģʦౣأ
ѶϢǲûܵʲôӷ˳ȥͬʱΪû뿪ڤķΧңˮѶϢҲܿķˡ
׶ԼౣأΪʦΪҪѪѪģ˶ΪʦҪڤˣ˰˼ػʦҲоԵĶȹڤ֮ˣĵȥɣѾߣΪʦҲúչ˵ġ
ңˮĴѶһοȻ󣬽ڤĴѶҲ𽥵ƽ
ҧҧ׺ݺݵеĺ塣
𣬷ɫ䡣
ǬתʱԾ
磬һ̣УԺУٴεȫڰ

һֺϢĸоϢĸоֵͬʱ׵ʶ𽥵˹
ǵģϤĵطͬһɽͬһط֪֮еɽ
Ḷ́Ѿˣ֪󷨣Ѿһεףܼ򵥵ĴԽռ䣬ûκεѣȻ󣬿Ŷ󷨿ռ⣬ֱӵ߳޻Į
˿ϤĳоǳʵԪоǹҰ˵ʡ
һ̥ǵĸоҲС
صԼ磬׵˵Ŀĸо
ǵģһ̣ѾȫĿƲסԼļˡ
ڴǸڶڤˣ
һ̣׺ϽͱͷųǺԼһͬһͬ֡
ǣȻ䣬һɿֲĸоУһ̣׵ģʱһ
ǵģˣԼ
һֲĽݺϮڽѾ£齣ԪĹһʹʱһ٣Ȼ˻ȥ
˿̣ԼĸоҪˡ
Ƿ֮
Щŭ𣬴˿Ѿоˣ͵Ϯ֮ˣһһɣ
ţȴ˿Ժ֮ѾϤεѪɷֱӵʶ˳Ȼֱӽ󷨴ڴ
Ȼ󷨶ʱȫɵ󷨳ˣ׷İˡ
Ȼ˼Ʒ󷨣֧Ų˶ãֻҪԼɱͿ
Ǵ˿̣վ󷨵ģһԷ룬ȴԼɱˡ
ɫεġ
׹°վţɱŭĳ֮С
ףߣڳˣСӣ㣬һٶˣ壬һʹ죬Ȼɣ
ɱŵ˵ţȻ󣬺ǿĴЦ
վ֮Уڵŵĺܿ죬Ԫʯڣײż
΢΢һЦĸоŽɱ¾ԵڤĲͬ
ĸоôС
Ǻǣôɱ㲻һһɣҺΣְɣװȻ˵
˿̣ɵʵҲһյģʵԽǿ󣬾ĺ蹵Խ
ԣ׾ż˵ľͶȽٺڵΪ࣬ܶԿɾ֣֮ǰĶԿżɸ֣Ȼǲܵġ
ˣɱûκʤ㣬󷨺󣬾Ͳһˡ
Ѫɷ󣬾ǾżɾҲɱ
ߣ֪֮ǰһ̽ˣԲɣ
ɱȵȻˣͬɽȻɱȥ


ھż ɽ罣


236 ꡤԵ
Цˣ磬ɱ¾Ѫ磡
΢΢һЦɱѪɷ׵ı飬Ѱζˡ
ŻſϷһͬЦˣżʵ˿ڴſϷһĿ⡭
ãܺã
һ׶ʱΣ齣ԪʱʹԣʱݺݵĲȻ𵴣ݺݵ𵴶
ûϵ׻ڴ˿̳֣һ깥
ݺһ꾳磬һ磬׵깥ԣ൱ֲģ
䣡

˫Ŀͣһʱ䣬֪Լ˭ںηҪʲô
ʱһһɫͬذһ齣Ȼݺݵĵ֮ɱ
ݡ
ռŤѣȻ齣ݺݵĴ͸ĵǽɫԪӤʱ򣬺ܿıɫĽݺݵˡ
ɣǾԿֲģΪɫĽϣȻһɫУһż˵ԪӤôıˡ
΢΢һЦ˾ż˵ԪӤʱʹ֮Ȼٵĸо
ҲֱһѴʬϳȡǬָ룬ͱͷ˳ȻŶ˵棬һżʬյʣ
ϵƷȫףȻȡʥ֮С
΢΢Ӧһ£Ǭָ֮Уҩݻ٣ҩҲмţƷԪʯ
ͱΪʮ˵ãȻͬĽɢɺͶɢɣΪϵḶ́Ѿ˵ãҲοĵ˵ͷ
ˣǳˣ
ͱϲĵ
ţȴɱɱ˵ǵĳޣ֮ɹ̸׳
ţлˡ
˾ʮֹ˵˵Ƚ٣Ҳûκεĸоֻ˺ڴ׶ٵĳ
ЦЦתűסɱŶԷϵһƷⶫҪƷЩˡ
ͨɱڲɱɱҲѣ
˼ţȻ󵱼ʼٵĴݶѪɷɱУʱ֮б仯ȻƳ֣Ȼ׵׺ը£Ȼ
ɱһɣĴ֮£ҲһʱеƷԪʯҲˡ
˿ɱѾһֲһǷϵڵˡ
΢΢һЦȻ֮Уͨؽ齣Ĵ̶ȣɱƷս׵Ĵ̶Ҫ֣߳ңΪĽԽĹȻǿ
û˿ԥȻ䳤ʣͬǴ𺳹ǳ䲻ģڶ־Ϊ¡
ĽҲûκε⣬ȻһɲǵĴͻƽʱ˵ɱ֮УȴǾԵĳΪٵĿʼ
׵ЦţȻе齣ݺݵĶɱš
ʱɱûüս׵ķ
齣͸ɱţȻһɱɱ͵һһѪ
һɫԪӤһ󷨴ԪӤȻȡʥ֮С
һɵԪӤѹƣȻɱɵĸˣΪɱײûдԼɡ
ȡɱǬָս׷ɽ׸ӦһǬָ澹ȻʮöƷԪʯʮƷԪʯ
һ֮£ȻЦˣҪˣɲΪĲƸô
ЦЦЩҩݣҲȻЩĸо
ȡ󷨣ͬһż𣬽ɱʬյľ⣬׿˿磬и̾
ʱصȥˡ
һ£һȥʮһꡣ
ʮһĽʲôӣ׺ڴ
һңԼļҰǵң¡
뵽ԼĵкȻһֹУ˽֮ĹС
̾̾٣ҲϾҪˡ
֪Լʵָʲôء
˶Ҳѹ˲ͷ˳ȻҲˣ裬ΪҰѹأҿʼȽˡ
ͱǵȻǾǰԲʮط
׵޻ĮԲҪ˴󹥻
ͷţѹ֮Ϲ
εƣҲֻǿֲļٶѣΪԸˣͷȵ޳ֵʱļС˺ܶࡣ
Ҳ鷳ļż˺ԼĵȽƾۼʱ˾Ŵμףľֱӷٵ˴ںڣȻӦ˷ʱ֮ԺҲٶȽˣ龳磬ҲΪͻƣ˳ĳƣ˽꾳硣
һУôȻôˮɡ
˽꾳֮
תɵķɽֱ׵壬Ͻ֮У˲ƿơ
ռͬ裬ϵţ˲ڶǣĽƣƨûзһ£ôʧˡ
һ״꣬ᴿ̹꣬ȻĽˡ
̼򵥵ҪѾɻתֱ꣬ӵĵõɱ䣬תɻꡣ
꾳磬ȻǾż˾磬׵ʵǴﵽһľ硣
Ϊ֮󣬸Ž龳ߣġ
ֻ徳磬ףȴ꣬壬ڻһϵĽ
̣֪ɽ֮彫ͽϣΪɽں˵꣬ȴγԼ꣬ϵںϣʹԼĽĵ·ʲô֮֡
һ꣬ǽľ磬ֻǶ̣ѾĺϤˣһ㾳磬ȻѾﵽ˹̵ĳ̶ȡ
ЦЦ˿ԶĿɿڴһЩߣʱһ˵µơ
һս׶ʱһϮɫĳۣµ齣ʱ
һ̣ױͱߡ
˵ĳˣԵǵƻʵˣȴǻˡ
ɽʹ߶ɱˣˣԼ٣ҲһУƵ˽ƣ
٣Ǽ٣
ƻԹۿһĻ֮󣬿֪
˿̾ǸʮӣҺ˽аˡ
ֻǣ޽ˣô
ƻ˿оѾˣӣҲӲģԣЩϰµĲ
ͱߣЦЦ裬˱⳾ԵǣҪ뿪һӣԼ֮һ⳾Ե֮ϣ˶Ѿ֪ҵ£ʲôʹ󵨵ɣҪ˸ҷҽţ
׵ƣ˿Χô˿ţҲûԼĻ
ԣÿ˶
ȷʵʵͱʵǿ󣬵ǡ
ǵף˭֮ǰһɵƼ٣ǿޱȵ˵ĳƺţ
ԣ˵⻰ȴûκΪ˵Ц
ƻʿЦȴҲֻεĽԼˣһɱһɵĸָסˣָоǺܵġ
ԣ£ƻ׼뿪󣬺ͱϴ
ȻǸҪģߣھԵǿǰκεֶΣʧȥá
룬׽֮ǰս׶˳͸ͱ⶯ȴǱȽġ
΢΢һ㶣漴˵ʲôȴǱֹˡ
ţ״˶֮֮뵽ǵҺˣױЩȲˡ
ͱΧһȺۿٶߣ׺Ȼһݡһʣ
⽣ٶȱ˲ƶ죬ʵ֮
ÿˣɲǼ䣬УֻôһĴڣһֲĽĴڣ
һӰ˲ڴ֮λȥ·е
ļǣڿԼˣΣôǿң


237 ҡˣ
ˣһָоһָоĳ嶯ֻߣһֳ˼
ʮһ꣬˵˵̣Ҳˣر֣Ĵڡ
ΪеΣ׷ƵĲԽڸĴ֮䣬Ȼ󲻶ϵĴ͡
Ԫʯ㣬ҲѸ٣ԭҪµ·̣ǽˡ
ǣ˳̽һ·ޱȵ壬ͽ˺һ֮Ѹٵ˲ƴͣҹħǣȻֲϵĴͣ˰ħǡ
Щˡ
ΣħǺٴεĴͣԽǵڤˡ
Ȼֱ˲ƣͿԳڱǡ
ǣȥˣȥԼĵ
Ȩ֮׵ģƫˡ
Цһ£׵ҲûΣ˴͡
һ̣ױ˱ǵħ硣
΢΢Ӧһ£һжƽħ֣Ҳû쵽Ĳ֣һжƽദţħ磬ҲȻûгԪӤϵߡ
׵ʶ޵ţ֮ʶȻѾ𽥵ʶתˣ⴫͵İ£ʶתҲѾȫˡ
֮󣬵ȴģǷĵˡ
׵ʶӦµķΧ΢΢һ㶺¾Ȼˣ
һգ±Щļ׵ʶ˹ȥȴǺȻЦˡ
һܿɰСŮˣţǵ΢ЦҲôĲ
׸ӦǵĴڵʱƺҲӦĿһͣȻ¶־ϲ
һ̣ǺȻ˵ģ
ɫսף޳Ӱ嵭˵㡭
׺Ȼ˵ǰ
ĬĬվţȻ䣬׺ݺݵĽ˱˻
˶
׸硭
˵壬ΪʮֵļЩţʱκεĻǶࡣ
ĬĬıţرֿ˼֮飬ĵĬĬӿһɹɵҸ㡣
˴˿̣ˮȻ̲ס£˵㣬ĵȫ
ƺʲôһһģ»˼¡
ЩջĵʲôôۣȻһʲôˣ۸Ҵ㣬Ҵ㡣
˵ţƮƮСֺݺݵԼߡ
ȻعͷȴǿһҺɫȹһСӣԲϴŽĺΡ˫۴˸ŷŭĿСŮ
ɲ֮ǰŪĺô

׺ȻͷˣǶ˵Σȴû˿ɻ
ȻǿԿ˵Ů֮ģŮģ
СŮֳ糺죬ȴ۰ĶСŮ橣ɵˣô֪òŶ
ɵߣ橲ŲҪɵˣף۸ףˣߣ
橵СŮֺݺݵһţȴûվȣȻˤȥ
ɵۣ׼橷橵˺Ȼһת˹վסˣȴͦСֲţཱུĵס
ʱԺССĶѾǵѾƬ̣һӵ꺺ǰ
꺺Ҳͬվһķ򸾣
ܣ
ǰµ꺺˹ףּ飬ʵ𺳡
׺ܿ׹ģů
磡磬ﶼðɣ׼ͬıס
ǵģĺӣٶˣȻľ磡
׸пλôӦðԼļˡ
׶ﶼõĲˣܽãĶءӹһЦȻҲ׵ߣߵĽ÷ͬȰĿ⡣
ԭôˣ׼˵
ֺ뽭÷˶˸ӵ
λ϶ûб䣬ΪҵǿҲŬļˣĪ峤ϵλãҲˣһֱûвϡ
λҲ˹ÿ˾֮˧ޱȣΪˡ
һ֮ܿңҲˡ
˵ΪѾǰڣνǽ֮еĳˣٶͻ磬Ѿ˲ˡ
˿׺󣬾ʮֵļ˵ʲôȴû˵
ĬĬ˵ߣףܿ˵ˡ
ȻЩΣǵĵ׵ܣˣ̫ˣǴңء
ңĵɣȴû˵εĵţѽĸ橺Ҳλŵķ緶ء
ЦŵǺǣλˣڼģ橺
ӻȻЦ׶ɽϿǰģĶӣǶˡ
˵⻰Ǵܣ׻Ȼĵ˵ͷʱ֪Լôˣԭ橻ô
̾һ橵Ŀʱ˺ܶࡣ
ůĿ⣬ʹ鴿˲ĸָܵůȦһ죬ʱ˹׵Ĵȿ

ʹﴥܴ
һۣ׾Ϳ橵ȫ۵ʣǸĺ尡ֻ壬ȴΪȻ
ײҲ뵽ˣѹ˻ŮӵŮŮ˵Ĺȥô
˽⣬Ŀһۣ˵Ŀ֮⣬Զ
һ˱Բˣ˵ЦŵͬʱҲֵĳ˽ٶȣҰͬһ硣
ʱ򣬴ǱԺô˸ŵˣССкһ֮£ˣ۾ԼȷʵûпȻĪҷۣ۾ˣûûǿ˵߻ħҲҪ̫ࡣ
˼СɰͷԵһĻȻЦˣҲͬЦˣڻֺͣߵЦݣ׿Ĵˡ
橱۵һ£׵ů
ȥҲһҸÿο˻֮תǳֵʹ࣬׾͸оԼڵѪ
ǵģһʮԳܵĹ̡
һʮʹĹ̡
İʹΪҸȥô
ֻ˵ģĥ֮С
˷ЦСкǲޣĵѾˣǴˣЦʲôߣ
˵Ŵҡڵǰ˿̣Ҳ߽˵Ժš
սŮҲ΢΢һ㶣漴æ峤ͳǼڿ׵ʱ΢΢һ漴ҲòĵԭܻˣǴϲ°
Ůӣ׺ȻŮ˭ˣⲻǵڱ֮кǸŮ˾ͽôʵҵʱ˼ıǰأ
׻Ȼ򣬰ԼĶʵǺֶΡ
΢΢һЦ׵ԭǺɩǺǡ
˾ͽʱҲȻһЦ΢΢ͷŶСк㲻˵ҪΪҵĵڶסôǺǣھǰˡ
Скһ㶣漴һѱס׵˫ȣŵĵۣԭ壡
һ㶣ʱǹЦ
ҲЦˣĵҿɲǾ㡮塯ôֻô˵֪ˣΪֽС塯ء
Сʵɰ
һ֣ŷ֣ڵңΧ˲٣ҽʵ
ȻȴǲԵݻ
橺һӣֺȥˡ
ʱЩĵ׶λôЩأ˹Ļûа죬Ҫ˼һְɣںˡ
˴󾽣ϼȻݲͽ̬֮ȴ֮
׵˵ͷ˵ļǣֻұ㣬˶֮һĻ£ȷʵˡ


238 ǧ
׶Ҳûа취οޣѾﵽ˴˺ˣ󣬲Ҳ÷ˡ
˺ڣ
λϡҲӺͽ÷ڰ˺˾ͽ㣬ʮֵ𾪣
ܹҲŲİ꣬ľ磬ʵ̫ˡ
׶Բ㰡һΣΪϢҲٴεĥһΣʵ̫õˡ
λϣҲʮֵĳʵ
׿ЦЩ飬˵ףԺǾ֪ˡλ׼ΪһЩ߼ĵҩսףٸһ׹ĿǰӦѾûκˡ
˶ĻȫȨȥˣʵڲ̫
ãã

Ժ徲ʱѾȥһʱˣҵĺƺҲ֪˵飬û߶׺ˡ
ˣ׵ĸоǸӣůĻȴһ޷ǡ
˶߰ɣҺ¡
ţ׸磬˶ʲôġ
ԸоҲܼܸˡ
˼˸У˼ֿ֣飬ȴʼûб䡣
ֱӵ˲ƣ״ˣûе˲ȥ
ݸжڶ˵ĵףȻͨӦĴݣѾľȻ
׺ˣվµգĳ۸ȴƽ
䣬лϣӣһƬ̣һ㡣
׸磬Ƭ̣˶У㡣
˶Եӣĸ˶
˶Ȣ㣬ĸںڰ֮ǻһ㣬Ȼҵ磬⣬˶ǧ壡
ţǧ壡

ûԣ򵥵ļ仰ȴĴ˵ġ
ʱһҪȥ
ȴһֱôıţûжĶԡ
ڶȻɢ
˵Ӱ𽥵ЩģˣȻһ̣˻ǡ
˫Щƣգ׵ߣÿһΣʱǵ񣬶ôĹ¶ͼįôζϻ䡣
̾˿ǵͷȻճյĵ˶ѾѰķˣֻҪѰʮ飬ѰݣѰѪѪ飬Ѱʯ͹ʥôϣˡ
˶ѪѪѾõˡ
׻˵ţȻ𽥱ϵ˫ۣͷڲ
Ȼ𣬵ǿ˻ǵʱ׵ģʹʹ
ûᣬһۿ
ᣬ¡
ͬʱǵУͬˮ
ǣ˲Ƴ˺֮Уķ˽ȥ
ͨǱޣѾ֪õһҩأһǱ߼ӳֹģԶĲʧȥЧ
⣬ҲǱ֤ΨһֶΡ
Ѿ˻ԣҩ֮Уɫëһ˸鶯Ĺâ
β£׿Կ˽Ĳλһ̣ȴû˿컵ͷ
̾һʹ࣬꣬ЩĬ
ʱǵͷҲ֪ҩأǵ֮£ֻܿңԼǱܽˣǽġ
Ȼ֪ڱǱ޸Ǵ˿̣ȴûƿ
ĬĬˣ׵ģƽĵ˼㡣
ʱ׺Ȼ뵽Լǰ
ִᣬǸ2007꣬Լ뿪Ǹӡ
һ죬С꣬·ľư֮УOKʮֵӴ󣬴𺳵޵ĸҥ
һ֣Դĸ裬һɡ
Ҫʲô
һ
֪ݸ鿴̫
˵ʲôҲ
Ҫʲô
һ
֪Ҷݸ
ѷᣬ˵ʲôҲԼ֡
Ϊ׸裬ȻĪЩ̾ʱ򣬺Ȼ䱻۵İµA6ײˡ
Ȼ󣬷ɢļ֮Уײĸ֮УɢΡ
ѹʱԼѾΪһӤһ֮УûҵӤȻʼ˷ϲĵүʱ
ʣǰļûбǸӵֻǴ˿̣ϣѾ档
ңǸңҵӰѾһ
ԼǰãǸԼ˼ã֪
ǺԼĸĸҲ֪
Ӻͽ÷Ӱļ䣬ܽصӰԼǰõӰҲһȻһУ֮ģ
ײһóˣҲһϲ޵ˣңжѪᡣ
ǣһΣȻ䣬ĪĸˣĪᡣ
˻Ǻ˥ݵģٸǱӡʯ׽֪ķӡǶôǿ
ģȻ𽥵ĸɺ
Ŀ⣬ǽһ㡣
Уһᶨ˵ţ˶ǧ壡
ûԣûʲô鰮Ļǣ򵥵ȴκԶҪᶨ
վʱ׺Ȼһ̣ǰļ䣬Ϊʵӵĳغ
ת߳ңĴ
һʯױЩĮȻ
Լ䣬Ӧм˰ɣ֪Ҫ˼ˣ˴֮󣬼ɡ
ɫ뿪󣬺ȻģǣҲ˫ۡ
׸磬ɵΪʲô㲻ܿأǣͬô㡭
˳ȥһ⣬Ȼ󣬰콣˳
ַˣȴ֪˸ԼĻᡣ
״ʯվĿⶢŰ콣
Ȼָֻյɡ
ڣ׿Ըܵϵꡣ
һǿĽҵʶ꣬ҲӵУǿޱȵĽǣ
ǰ֪ԼǸͲ
棬ɡ̾һȴû¹ţܸܵ죬ҲܸܵĴڡ
콣΢΢ȴڻһй⣬ʧ
޳Ӱ׵ǰĿţ˫ĿһɹɵĽĹâ
ףȻûκεĲ졣
ף
׵ͷ棬Ҽˮˣʦ
Ϲž޲Ǵ׿ԿӣĶˡ
ܽأҲ˵ˣֻߵ·ҵĲͬ·Ѿ·ߣȴѡ˴·ϧ⾪˵츳
̾Ŀȴ
׵ȻһЦȻˣҲڣ֮󣬲յ㡣
˫ĿȻһɾ⣬ͷһ̧Ϊ򹦷ޣʱޣǾѾʮǣǿˣ⹦֮Уࡣ
ңȻҲˮΪʦҲؾ౲֣ңұԴһ£ҲΪʦա
׵ߵͽݼʦ
ţɡǲԸ㣬Ϊ꣬ҼʵҲ˵˽һ磬ϧˣΪԭ޷ֻľ磬ѣ̫ѡ
СĵطǴ˹Ҳ졪
Ļײʦû٣
ͷ
ȴǸˣǣΪͽȴǳ٣
Σ޸ĵĹֻ߶·ˣһȴûѯζȽٵ顣
һԴǵӡ
׵óңˮһöݸ죬Ȼ˵Լڤ磬ԼһٱһʱͬʱҲŵĽˮĵá͸죬ңˮµġ
˵ʦʦĸ˵Թ޹ͬʱǧҲİ


239 һҹ
ĽӹЩҲǼ
ɵˮɵƫƫңôƫִ
ˮĵãóһö侧ʯңˮΪ׼ģֻҪ׻ȥˣˣ侧ʯȻᴫĶ
˿̿Ƿϣһ˼ء̫Ĳɣˡ
պʱ׶ʱ侧ʯС
ֲţȻȻ侧ʯһͼԺ
׿õңˮ˵ʲô
죬׷֣ˣȻҲˡ
һͬһˣڸǰͬˡ
Ҳǣ֮ˣѪ⣬Ĵŵģ
ð죬ƽͬģһɼǿġ
׶лл㡣Ǽᶨ
ţʦʦͽһŬɣʥ
ǵģʥɱ񣬷𣡡緢
ײ֪ңˮ˵ʲôأѾ֪ԼǿԷġ
죬Ҳûʥܣ죬ֻ΢Щ𾪣ҲȻˡ
׽Ŷ˼˵ľ
£Ҳ˵Լڽ⣬һջ񼫴
׶˵⽣֮󣬽ǽȫΪһ壬ôٸ
룬ȴǵʦ콣𣿡
˲׵˼ЦΪ԰콣ΪʵϣͬģҵǣΪΪ飬ǵӦÿһġ
һ룬ʱҲ֪ԼˣЦҲԣôȻ֮ǶȻǳ֮ˣ
֮γ
ǽȫںһ壬ڲʼתΪⲿνǽ⽣ǽںϺĽʹã
֮ǰ۽꣬ǽǣбػɣ֮ͬһ
׽͵
Ȼ֮ɫãȴǸ˼
ȷʵ꽣ȫһ壬һûıȻǡ֮磡
⾳磬Ȼ
˲䣬ᵽֳľ磬һѪڡ
漴üˣǿֻ֣һУֽܳľ棬⾳ãȴǵȷΣա
׵Ҳ⣬ɵʦ㾳磬Խǵľּ֮䣬Ѿһʹ÷ɽߵͷɽĽ꣬ﻹгֵĻ᣿Ҹ߳ͬȼľؾߣǶǿ˲ĨɱģʵǿߣǻУȻʵֲУһҲܿȻҲðˣ
˵⹦Ҫ̣봫ȥҲʮѵġ
ѧҲѧˣԼɡ
ţˣΪʦҲˣ˵֮£ɱʮڴģ֮֮󣬱ϾĽôӦǡˣ꽣ȣȫĻϳ壡ңҼǽһֵĽ
ʦͽģ

˶ʱӹЦ

ƺǱңˮ̼ˣҪʥ֮һٱһʱ䣬þͲǿʤˡ
ҵ֪ңˮﵽ˾żڤۣɵۣ磬Ǳ飬޲÷һ㡣
ֻȻ⡶ԼʦҲûԼȥ
ʧѾӺ֮гȻ״̬
Ȼ᲻˳Կࡣ
ڲӵ֮УָоĵףҸġ
׵֪ܽƵˣɽ˾պźʹ˾ǷȴѾصɽϿȵνȥˣƣȴѾɽţҲɣǵޱȵ¡
ֻ˾ǱҲãʱδк
ܽأԼΪ̿Ҳľˡ
ŵʱµŮӵΪĺڡ
ױˣ˵Żʱˡ
ˣȥɽһΣȻƺܽصˣһϷ֮Ȼֻ˱ǡ
˿̣ħ׹ϢѾȫĴȥˣӿһЩҲǺһЩʵ˹ϵ˳Ϊҡ
ǵ֮ģɵȵϴ󣬲˵µһɽţƵ£Ҳɵĳϼ
߿ʵֲػʵǿӣ
ҵνɲ⡣
ңαϢ׽ʹ֮еľŮ˳ɻ飡
һ£ǽνǾǰݣ״̬ҵͥˡ
Ḷ́ȻǹϵߵضĹأûиı䣬ֻ̣Ҫʱɣģȴףغصʱ䡣
ͷ⣬֮д
ʱΪԭ򣬲ûг֡
ɽصɣˣһǴء
ңƺҫ״ﵽ˿ֲĴںϢ˹ۿ⽭һ֮ˡ
֮ǣħħ߶ǰݡ
ƣ
Ӹ֮λĴ֮׺ˣ̤صĹ̵ʱǣ׵
ҵƣ죡
صḶ́ô˳ϲ죬Ȼ̱ǰˣ֮У˵ģƺҪҸڻˡ
գĬĬһö壬˵֮ݷ
صףȻһĻ΢΢һ쳹еĻ
׶˶ϷپҪ٣һö壬ϷѪۣɱ㺢ʮ꣬Ƿమ赣ǡ
ǣʮ޽ôһУ⡭
ǼȻѾɻ飬һз֮£ǻ˶ɻԵ˺ڣȴ赣ġ
Ļɣʮ󣬵ٻʱϣҸϣҵ
ҵϣܳվҲһƽ֮ˡ
˵ʲôʵѾˡ
ģס
״̬ҪǺԼһҲԡ
ǣöѪİ壬һ״̬õı䡣
ʱڣˣңͬĿԻϺӡ
ӣֻܵȵ˱ȵһܳ
ǲȻһжҷ
ʮ꣬һٱʱҲһǧ꣬һǧȲˣԼҲ̫ųˣ
мᶨ˵ţͬʱΪежҲеΡ
˵ӰݶȻʵˣɫսף˷ɫĳȹôô鶯
붴֮׿ԸоĻ֣˵
򲻶ϵ鶯Ĺâ˸ţϲĹ뷿һƬ컡
ɫɫɲ͡
׵ĶˣȴµһǺĸͷ׸о˵ͷ
һˮڲŵϣʱһ㰵ɫԭ㡣
Ǳˮʪĵط
һʱǣ˵һʱ䣬ΪԼȡģҲ˵һʱ䣬˿Բǡ
ָоĶģҲʹġ
׸磬ȳȥкɣ˹أ˶ҪһԲʽĻ
׵˵ͷס˵֣һΣôʵ
ůůЩ֣߳˹뷿
棬Ȼ֡
ƴƵ죬˶ĶĦˣʶģʶģŮŮٵĶС
ңңңɽңµĽҲǹģ
ңӻк˿ңܿƴƣ橺ԼңĺܶڿֵӣڵţȻЦĿˮһƬ
һ˶ȾƣΪڵĸ֣ÿһ׶ˣñӡ
֣ʱǲֹͣģȻģ˽ʱ׺ͼǧ˶һΡ
֮󣬻صԺɫҲϴ壬ųȻϲĻķ䡣
½󷨣ֻһ󣬷ֹ˴ţ󷨡
ߣƿǺĸͷ滨֮еİ⣬޵
˵ǺεҸģһ޷̸۰
Ḷ́Լǰ겻Ĺ̰ɣ
׸˵ֿİȻĿĿˡ
۵͸һ˿ĺΣƵļϣż͸˫޳Ľëգš
һϢȴ׵ģһʱȫʧ
ϣˮĺۼôԡ
Ľַ˵ϣˣ촽Ĳһ£Ȼ󿿽׵Ļ
ݵĽϢĵ㣬׳Ĭһ£Ȼ˻ŵڴϣȻǱ촽
š
ģ˺ıܵôꡣ
ͷһȣȻ󡭡
̣дɫˣһƬ
ůͶ˵ĹʣʮʵĴϣӵôĶĻꡣ
ƺѵõϧһγΪ˵ĻᣬһߣȻ󣬲
һһΣһһΡ
ϧʱͬʱ˶ܸܵԷǿŹ̵ġ
ǶôĻȵİ
Ľڣ͵͵ĳ죬зֵǣһһнһҹЩЩ롣
֮У׼סˣ69485101ա



240 µս
˵֣
ȷʵҹҵĲȻһͬλһ£׺˵Уܵ˼Ҹ顣
ͬģҲ׵֮Ŀ֣Ȼˡ
ڶ֮˵岻֧ҪתΪˡ
ףȴĬĬĽͻ˺ء
й۵Ŀ֣йҵĲ࣬ݵķ룬Ŀ̹ǡ
ôһֲᰡ
ʱ֮ɫˣȻˣֹٴεı仯Ϊ˵Ķֱӵǣصҵ˺ԼլԺ
橣һʮֶµĺж֪Լ˶ĸʮֵء
СȻûʲôĻ˺ǵ飬ȴκ˶֪
ҵһˣֻ֪ǣһʵǲޡ
εܣҵˣؿƿû˵˵˵Ҳûκ⡣
Ϊһޱ仯ˣʮֳɳģħߣҲߣûʲô˵ġ

ٹ꣬Ҫ뿪ǲǲҪ׺ˣ
ɰ橣ÿһ춼ôܻʲᷳ⣬ÿһΣģԼȥϵĻشԼŮ
橣Զ᲻ҪģҪŬβͲٱ仯ˡ
ÿһĻ׵Ĵܴ
Ϥĵ۰£ÿ죬ֻһʱĲأҲ֮ܵ˥ߵʹš
һʱܻĬĬӵһ𣬻ϼָ֣ϰ䣬ŷ޼εĽ
ӴϢʱ䣬Ǭָ֮нУΪʱһٱһ治Ҫһ죬нһʱ䡣
ң90죬Ѿ㹻
Ǭָ֮еҩݣռĺܶҩݺͲϣ׶ÿʱʥ֮ơ
Դ˿׵󷨴ﵽֲİ˼ﵽɾż𾳽磬ҪƷƷѶѾ
ûµǬָ֮ҩһһԪٵԪͼƷĹԪÿһ֣׶˲İٿš
ڽʥڲҩȫˡ
ЩΪϱȽ϶࣬ʮס
ʵдƷߣΪƷ
Щ׶ˣˣҲȻ֪ȥ䡣
Ȼʱ仺ǶԣײĲʱ㶨ѡ
ţְæҵˮңˮĽģʽ޸һ洫ͬһ޸ġ
׵ĵͽ޸澳磬Ѿȫ⡣
ţʵˡӰ֮͡ЩԽӵġ
뵽岻㣬ҲͬĽһöǬָжӣӣͬѵĽˡ
ְæһ˵ȴҲûԵֻ磬ϾһжҪԼȥ
ƺܽصˣҲص̽ס
һи˽飬Ѿǰ˽ˡ
̹˲٣ÿ죬֮⣬Ȼʥ壬ֽʥڶ棬ڤһĻ֮ꡣ
׾ϲǣ̣ʱͬһһΪʥڲڤ磬ȫıڤʱҲͬ
ʥһ뻷ͬһ棬ڤ磬ڶ棬ΪͬĴ
״̬֮˵ĸԵ¡ˣȻͬԣкˡ
˰ػ׶ںӵİȫܷġ
ΪӲ֪ԭ򣬵Ǹ˵Ҫˡ
ȴֻǵЦЦԼĶӣָоǺ˸˵ģ٣ĺܸˣҸ
֮УȻһ峿һŮӺȻǱҡ
ףɼǵõ֮ԼǾ齣£ҺȽ
˿̣ҵʱ򣬱Ƕ˺䶯
˶֪ٹһңǰҪɽˡ
ɽ簡Ƕô˵õ飬Ȼ˸ȥĸǰȽ
ҲˣΪҴţͷѣӦûûеôǿĵز
״̬˽ţµˣôĹ⻬ָۣоôʵʵ׺ˣоԼڻš
޳۵ָ׵ŻȦ׶ʱ̲סһȴĵĵ׸磬ȥɣǵҲɵѾͷأЩ꣬Ϊˣǲɶõˡ
ңһ־齣ʮֵľҲǿ
šҪ
׵ѹǰ̵ͦ˫壬ȴûж΢΢¡ĸκεѹȴǼٵͦ˼£ߵ˵Щˡ
˫ֽץ׵ļȴſСһڣȻ󱧽˵ӣ˶
šš
͵͵һڿеĳ֮У˵Ӳ
һʱСʱʱĸСʱ
Сʱ֮ĺֹͣ˲࣬Ȼ˵˻ױվ
Ϊ״ս׵װȻϴԼ֮󣬻ǣһ׼ȥ׺ͷµս
׶ڷµսĺܵ
ľ磬һʹ֮ˣᱻɣֱɱˡ
ԣȶûκġ
ףǽˣһǺܹĽˣΪض֡
һŮˣΪԼŬ˼꣬һսأǴӦԷսȻ󽫶ԷݺݵĴܣ
սӣ֮󣬶ҲȻʢ˳
֮У˱Ƚ
һĻʹúܶ뵽˵ңˮսףȻ˽ħ֮Ƿ£ȴңˮ
׵ġңˮֻһˡ
죬ûκε׼ȻǸʱ˵ʱˣýʱȻ˽
һȱѹһȻҸޱȡ
֮ۼ˺ܶˡ
Ȼޱȣ͵ȽϣԵøӵӵĳˡ
һɫĳӳŰ˵ΣȻ˫壬޳ȡ
ֻǣУֻˣɫ⡣
˷һֱۣӳڷµǰȻֱӵ˵棬ӡԼڡ
ײû˵ʵߣȴѾˡ
ڵʵսµڵʵǾ齣
Щ˿ʼˡ
ҧ촽ף䵭ĵ˵ﵽ˴ڣǼˣҲƴȫһս㲻طӡΪڣҪȫһսȫңǶҵأ
׵ȻһЦʱ㳤磬Ǻƽһսģһȫֵģ
ã
˵
ףԭΪԼܼʵϣû̫ļǣΪΪһе뷨ҷ
û֪
ϴɽ˾պŵ£սʼˡ
齣Լ飬ģԼĽ־Ľʮֵ
ǣġһһ׵ʱȴǺȻͣһ¡
ͣٵôһ£һѾˡ
һеĽ
ð죬Ŵ֮˹
ʧˣܵģôĳס
Ϊʲô¼Ҫĺ
ΧˮйͨĻǾס
Ϊҽ꣬ģǾ֮飬顣׵Ȼ˵תٿ¡
ϵĽһ㲵Ӱôįˣ¼ŵӰܿϦ֮С


241 ɱĹ1
뿪֮󣬳еҲغ׸Ȼ˾뿪ˡ
˾պŴ˿ȻҲĸ׼񣬶ԭһֱĬԵȴǺһ𣬴ŵЦݿס
Щһֱˮɽׯѵʿ׽ʱһΣȻִæ뿪ˣΣȻˡ
׵ȻһЦ˾պ˵˻չҵ󣬲Цݵĵ常
׶㣬常Ҳϻο
˵Цţ㳯űǵȥ
·ϣ׺ͺһҲˣҵʮĴ֮⣬û
橣ȻǼģҲûκСÿеıδ壬Ȼ˺ܴĵӣʱڣӵλãǲóġ
֪ҪʮֻҪüǧˡ
ԽԽԵüǿк⡣
ʱ䣬ӽһЩҩԼﵽ龳ĺ󱲳Ƿַ͵ҩԱµ
ϸӰҵʵȻ˺ܶࡣ
ԼָԼ˰ٿżƷĹԪԼãʥڲҲֻʮöƷԪʯʮƷԪʯѡ
ʮƷԪʯ˼塣
ʵʱţ𽥵ĺͽ꿪ʼںˣҲ֪ںɵһ죬֮վҪ
ںˣ׵ʶǵںϲ֡
֮󣬽ٻ徳磬Ҳڤռֱӵˣһһ򱶵ʱѾˡ
ҲţԼһܹڶʱڣ㣬ͬʱˣԼҲһԽ

ʱţת
ʱǺܿ죬رҸʱ䣬ôĿ졣
һʱһֱ粽ˣ橣ҲӰ꣬ʮһꡣ
ӣڻˡ
һ죬ܶˣˡ
֣ǣˡ
ʱ̵ʱ˻ΣԶԶվš
һ߲ʵϼ⣬ȻĲʺһƮռ䡣
֪߲ʵĹâʱԼ壬Ѿ꽣꣬ںһ
ɾһεںϣ׵ʵҲһɱ䡣
Ӵˣپھ磬꾳磬׵Ϊ磬ľ磬Ѿˡ
һľ֮ͨԪֱӵĽ˶ľ磬еͨ˻꽣
꽣һֽɷɽͬĽһ㹥Ľ֮ȫԸܡ
꣬Ҳһͻ˾ż˾磬һɵľ磡
ҲоˣԼĹǿɱżɵģڣ˿̣֮Ҳ˺һսͣ
ƺ̬֪ɵľ磬һͶ֮Ĳ࣬ʮֿ־ģ
˿Լʵļ㣬Ҳһɵľ磬꾳ͬ
ϼ⸲׵壬ɢɹҡҷ׵֣˸ֱ֮ʹǼʴŲƣ
һ̣ɵľ磬ǿֱӵǼʴŲƵģ
˸ڱǷļ֮󣬻һʱŲƣ˳Եǡ
Եϣͱȴס
˵ĸ𣬺ɣ֪˺һ·֮ûκ˸ΪѶˡ
ңƷս׺Ʒսף˵ʵѾ޵еˣʲôٵȣѾڻ¡
Ȼˣޱ˵ã׶ʱҲͷˡ
Ը˷ɶȽ󣬼ǵȥչңֱ˷ȥɽԼ
ĽȻȫˡ
߲ʵĹâڱ˳Ȼϼ֮Уƿˡ
ˡ
мʧ䣬Ҳм˼˺Ϳɰ橺Ǹģļᶨľġ
ˣɽ磬Σ

ɽ磬ǣ޼ǣƮ칬
۶ھ޴Ĺ֮ףƷԪʯ̵Ŀε࣬Ǳŵ˫ĿڶȻһޱȵĺ⣡
һǧꣿ˾磬ߣرʮ꣬Ȼ˾϶ǵ֮еı͸
۳ţȴһֱû˵
һֿٵķǶôѣֻǵõ壬֮е꾳磬ҲǺõġ
ϧĻᣬһ߸ˣ
һ˵ĳͷŭ
֪µˣµʮʮ˶ֵ֮⣬ûκ֪
죬ƾƮ칬
۶˵ȴǴ͸쳹ƾС
˶Ŀޣ˿̣ȴǺȻһȻŵ˫۶Ȼ֮Ͷ
磬߰ɣ
ƾ˵ͷֱǼʴŲƣǵ޼ǵƮ칬
۱¡
ƾ쵱Ʈ칬ڣȻ󵱼ںǰ
۵˵ͷֳߵˣִһ󷨽ƣϵɨƾһۡ
ƾʱͷ亹ɹðʱҲҴһڡ
ۣɽʵǿ֮һﵽֲľżɵ۾ĸ֣
ţվ˵۳
ǣ¡˵վ̬֮
㺢ϢǰѾ֪ˣϧôŵĺˣ΢΢̾
ƾ˿ȴ˫ѾѪ죬ţŬźȥʹࡣ
Ȼĵ׵ޣҲǿ֪ġ
ףʵ˵ãƺó󷨣˼Ʒ󷨣ѪɷԺһϵɾˣ㺢ҲǴ˵˶ɾ磬ðȻɵ죬ҪҪеĵ͵С
۵Ȼ˵
ǣ¡
Щˣ˵ʲôȴû˵
ĴƾһֱĬţûжԡ
ף֮ǲɵ۰ģҲ˵Ǳ׶Էĵ˵磬ҲĲСˣϣҲˣ˿̲˽ִ󡣡
۳ã˵
½ȻޱȣǻЩ֪ģңԼһɵۣŪ½ʹߣĨɱˣлиһĽɣôҲûеطġ
ԣŲȥɱס
εĵͷӦȴʮֵĲʣɱԼĳˣȻңķɽ磬ԼģȻΪӱ
컹ڷŭţƾȴǳ£ǲó֣ñע⣬бɣ
ĿһݣȻƾ
ƾȴȻ壬ĿͬȴǴžĺͺ۶ӣ
ãƾҺ⪵ĸȻϣ϶мƷģҲϡ
ʱҲ漴֪ԭ۱£к⪣
ƾһѣĹ˼óɱ֮ɱ󣬾
Ŀ΢΢һݣ£ҷģڴˣ£һԳʧ
ˡƾĿһ
ɴߣСڣңҲ˵ˣѣ£۵Ȼ˵Ȼֵȥɣ£ƷսףƷ𵶣
ŵ
ƾĿһȥ

֮׸ƿĿռ֮ʱҲоĿռ䣬ȷʵһϲεĿռ䡣
λ߿ռ䣬׺ڴ
µĿռ䣬µɣ
ԼҲǹһˣ뵽ʥ֮У뵽ǵľ磬׺š
ɽ磬ҲһӼҵĻɣţȻ󣬴һ֮зɳ
˲䣬һԪḶ́Ƕݡ
΢΢һͣױȻˡ
һģһĿЩӣӣֻǿһۣȻת뿪
ڣ׻ǰνɽ磬Ȼоһɵɱ⡣


242 ɱĹ2
ʵҲ֪ڷ֮һжҪԼģԼ˽µĻ֮ǰһжҪ¡
һֱûԼɱɽʹߴˣɱһһɱ£΢΢ĸܵһɱ⣬׶ʱ֪ѾԼˡ
׼Կ϶˶Ȼɱˣ˵Ǻۣ˷ʱ򣬱ʮֵСġ
˿̣оǼ䵭һɱ⣬΢΢Ӧһ£֪ԼǶԷĵ֣¸Ƭ̣ױ㶸ȻΣȻʧ֮С
ʧһ̣ȻһƬƽֻǹ֮΢΢ĵһƬĲȻһɫս׵Ŀ˳
ȻѾ㿪ζĴɱĹԶԺҲɱˣ
ӰȻ˵ȻɱʧˣǺȻʮ˵õ
ʱײϸĴˣֻԳơĹ֮ˣģƺڶʮ䣬ɽĿ֮
߷棬޼ֽȴʮִ׳磬˸ɫǴֺᣬ粲ͭ壬ɫòΰɢа˵
ƣԭӦʮֳڣֻ׵ģ˾̾ģеһ
һ˿һۣͻĺɫĵɫĵʹ˺ɫսףںһƬһ־Ӷõĸо
ǺʵĲϼֺ֣׿Ըо˫֣ʹʱ򣬽Ŷôֲ
˳Щ⣬ɽ֮ˣˡ֮ˣʵЩ졣
ʶˣ֪ˣһԳУԶأȴҲ˲õĿϺĥԼ֮ˡ
״˵Ը֮ײûʥ֮оþõĴţֱӵĳʥ䡣
΢΢һͣȻױԳԼΣͬһɫĳۣ󱳵һʮͨĳƮƮȻ
Ǻģ׵Ȼʵһ˫ӥĿĹӡ
͸Ȼʹ΢΢һ㶣׷֣Ѿﵽ˾żɵľ磬ʵȻʮ˵á
׵ĶʹĹĿһݣҲ쿴Ϊ
ȻĵηԼ͸
˵Ĺ˵ƾģƾȷʵǺ۵£ԣԺɽ磬Ϊ֮
һɱԼˣȴԼע⾯ˣײɾĹȷʵЩˡ
׵˵ͷȻƾʵΣ
ĹƺԴǣȴ֮ԳɱɱɱΨһĺƾĴ磬˵ǾɾʵŹ㣿
׻Ȼԭˣֻ㱾ɱңȴΪָЩ
ĹʱĿ΢΢ԵЩ˷ܣһѪĳ嶯ʱ򣬸ܵһķҵĵ
ˣԼս
ţĹȴǵﲻ˵һ֮أҸԵɣ
׵ã

һ̣˳Ĺµһ֮Уײûԥ˽ȥһϣײûиܵĹɱ⣬һ棬󷨣ʵ̫ˣĹõȻ˵ãȴƷ󷨣һʮֵļ򵥵ĸ󷨡
һ㿴֪ûиָ㣬ĹΪյˡ
ײĹˣթΪţĹ絶һӵơ
ͬһˡ
ĹվģȻ˵
һݣĿĿĹһۣһߣңѵõĽʮֵľ
Ĺ˵ͷֻĸкɫĺʵĵǣҲǵߣǵߣģһ־֮ڼһɲǣҾѾˣԣһ˿΢΢ɱ⣬ǹͷųģǿУ㣬ûʸѡΪ֣һε֮ս
΢΢һЦ֪ĹˣǲмѵģʱãҲͬĽһְԽ֮νĽꡣȻţǲһ徲֮أսһΣ
ΪľĹ
ˣҲһ󷨿ռ䣡Ц
˵գ˫һȻбƷԪʯĹĿţĿûκεĲ
ӡеƷԪʯյ֮ϣĹ󷨣ֱӸϳһ߼󷨣һ˼󷨣һ󷨿ռǿȣ㱻ӳֵ˰˼
˿̣Ĺȴ˫Ŀâһ׵ֶΣǵɱ㣬˿̻Ѿʧܣ󷨣ɱ֮һһ޷ɱ㣬֣Ҳѣ
ֱʵۣ׵ȻһЦÿɷ
һ֮󷨳ɣһǬռ䣬Ȼ׺Ĺǰ
ľһֱİԾ֮ǽʮ־ĵز˸йϣڶԷȷʵѵõԼĺøеġ
һֱˬˣս֮ʤĹ㵱ˡ
ĹȻ˵ĿȴȻ䡣
ͷϵڴ˿̣Ҳ⣬ƺͬԵЩ˷ܡ
Ҳ΢΢һЦˣϡ֮Ǵս֮Ӯһ

˺ȻʮֺˬЦ
ĹһöϤһɽĻϣȻ׼ãұҪˡ
׽ӹҲһȻ׹ʧ׵Ժ֮УɽĴ״Ҳһ֪ˡ
ͬʱҲ׵ڵĵطһضѡ
νķأֻһĿռͨѣÿϣٶвʮء
׶ʱҲΧİɫɽ֪Ǻħ确ħǡ
ħǣһĴͨɽģһĴȴͨħ硣
ħ磬ɽ磬Ѿһ壬磬ֳֵµơ
ħ罻׵Щ̹ȻĽˡ
ϾЩ˼ĺܣһ湦磬Ҳһħ߾硣
Ȼ׶ʱãְɣ㾳̫࣬ʼĹƽ
ĹȴЦ꾳һɾ磬ˣұͬ㾳սȻռЩˣѾ޵Ľӽڹƽȶˡ
׵ͷСˣ

˾侲Ķ
ĹνġѹȷʵСǶԷѾӡһɵľ磡
ս˼
׵ͳһȣҲʵȻʹһؿ񻯣
ױ꾳磬˿̿񻯣粢ûȻǶ꾳磬ҲȻһɾ磬ʵĹȴǼǿ̫ࡣ
΢΢оı仯ĹɫһһΣյĸо
Ƿһ˿Ц⣬ĹĵȻмӣ
ϡ
ͬһ˻ȣӺĹɲǼ䣬Ȼ仯һɫĹâȻ׹ķ֣ˣѾΪһ
⵶һѹ֮мǿڣжַµĸо
ָоһײž֪ĹѾԼĽľ磬ﵽ˼ͬĵز
һˣһ·ϵ۷壬һֵýʶˣ
кȻʮֵʹ죬Ϊ͸һȻ
һã
ȻˣȻͬĻһɫģ˸һĽ
һһȻֱԾһοռ䣬ȻݺݵĶսһ
ײûпʥĹҲͬûУ
͡͡
ǲϵ˸š
Ĺһ׵Ļ꽣ͬɱʽԿḶ́Ѿ˵ľˡ
ĹĵŵĹν񣬱νʶ
׵Ľ꣬ǳԽʶֱӵĹꡣ
һĹֹͬһ̣ıȴʹĹ׵ܺͶԿ׵Ĺ
ףĹʶȴ˿塣


243 սĹ
ΪʶѾںϣڲ㣬ȻͬĲϵı𺳵˲䣬𺳱еɢûγͣ͵Ļᣡ
أأأأأ
һһεһһδε𺳣Գ˵ĳԽɱеǿ󹥻
һһεļȫ£׶ʱ׵ĹĹģʽˡ
ͬģĹҲ׵Ĺģʽ
ܲǳĲΪһУǻˣʽ㣬ӻǲӣ
һ˲䣬˼ǵʯɱ˽ǧС
׵ɱǷӵ˼㡣
ûʽģֻйģʽŽĹģʽʺѶԸĹǶԷ꣬ıܣ˿Ĳܵķ
һֿ֮ıܣ
Ϊһʱ䣬ԭʹõʮ˳Ľɱ˵Ľ֮һȴЩʧˡ
Ĺķʣ״˿Ҳûǿ˷ܣӣȻӣͬģҲ׼ǿһУ
ã
Ĺͬ˿ûԥ
Ȼһ̣ĹԭޱȵĵȻһȻӵͺʵˣԭ¶ַâ˿ͻأǿ󣬺Ȼ͵һǿľһ㣡
һͬʱͬͳ˻һȻʹռĿ񻯣
𡫡
ͺһ׻ĵɫĽȻͬıһƬ֮ɫ֮ͬ
˿̣׸ڱŰĹǿڸоԼˡ
ʵϵĽԼܵĿ񻯴꾳ԼĿԶõĽĻ꽣ŭ֪ڿֻУһľ磬ڿǰʹһеˣ
һ㣬ԭֻųΪܣ˿Ĺı֮£һԣһĿͨǰ˷ܣǲԶģ
׶ʱɣĿ˸ţ꽣ŭעˣ
İԾ£Ҳעˣ
ռһ͡
һֲĵƺۼĹеûбӡ׺ݺ
Դϵһ˸ܣ
ףȴЦˡ
һйȷʵʮǿ󣬵꣬ô
˲䣬׵һпգȻ˲ܣȻ޷ȫһѾ˴󲿷ֵҪͬʱ꽣ĵ㾳磬꽣ŭҲ漴
꽣ŭһֹ磬ͬûʽȴǼڵﵽŭһЧ
Ȼ֮ΪֲĹ
ݡ
ɱռ䶼Ť
͡
ء
ܵʱǿеԽֵ˲֣Ȼ˲䣬꽣ŭҲͬʱˡ
͡
գ󷨲
ͽںϵĽȻӡݡһɱĹǰ
Ȼ䣬Ĺϣһ˲㡣
࣡
顣
Ĺݺһ嶸ȻѾΣ˲䵹˳ȥ
ۡ
һѪ
䡱һĹݺ˵ϣ춼û
һ֮ȫգˮܣҲӿǱεȻһġ
齣ݺݵĲ˵ϣʹ׹Ϣʱ򣬲ڵ¡
һһżƷԪʱ̵֮Ƭ̣Ҳָ˿񻯣ڵҲת˲١
ȿȡ
ĹʱһңǱվ׵ǰ
ٿˣȴȻһ£Ϊ˿̵ĹǴͿģһݵӡ
ֻ˿̵Ĺ˳ݲӢȴֵɵ̹ϵЦݣҡҡλεģʱˤ
ӣ״̬ڵͿˡ
ŷһʵĸо
ɲǣµĹһǿߣΪǰģ϶ڻ״̬
Ĺ˹жڴˣҲǿأҲ𾴡
֪ʵĿԼѾо֮⣬Ҳ˹ȥ
Ǻǣ֣Ȼ˵ãĹķڷͷ֣ĹֻҪԼĹˡĹЦˣȴԿʮֵĸˡ
˶ֵļ˷ܣΪ֣ԶǼįģûжֵʱֹ¼ſĵʱһּ˵ܵĸо
ûжָ֣ɽ޵УϾĹżɵʵɽ磬ǲ޵еġ
ǣͬȴεľż״̬ʲôĶ֣ǾżɣҪʤֻǣҲѣ
֪Լ֮ĹԽһĴ󾳽ɱУûʲô̫ѶȵģһĴ󾳽磬ʵľؾ磬ڼĲ֮𾪡
ЦЦǺǣ㲻Ƿӡʵѣ˵ЩǲӡʵҲֻɱģҲ̫⡣
ĹٺһЦȻ漴⿪˷ӡҲٻεˡ
Ӧһ£ָ˳ųˣϾĵģֻһɵȫѣȴǾżɵĳ硣
֣ȻսҵԸҲѾ˽⣬ȥϾƾһҪȥһµġ
ʵģ֣Ϊܡ
׸Ĺһĵ񣬵ģˣۣҵĵˣݷƾߣΪ˺۰գ
Ĺһ¶˼˸ӵıðҧҧӣһ죬һΪ˷ƶģ
ײѴĹϿޡŭвʵȸӵı顣
˼׵ķƶڡ
ˣ⹷ɱˣĹǺģ˲䣬յ˫ȭȴǲ
ŶǷƶоȡ׺Ȼ˵ģЦ
Ĺݺݲһ£Ȼ˫һץס׵ĺɫ۵ľĵ㣬˵ģ
׵ȻͷȻĲĹ򼤶ʮ֣ĹһĵߣҪ֪侲ʲôٴĿޣ侲ʱһҪ侲
ڵı֣Һʧ
Ĺ˫һ룬ȴ˲侲ȻĿ⣬ָֻȵ䣬ˣҲǴͷβһ֮ǰļȫ޹ء
Բ𡣡
Ĺһ̣ĹУĺܼ
ͨĹ֪׵Ϊˣͬһȶǲʱѵġ
һ磬ڤ磬硢ɽ硢߼һ磬ʱҲµɽʱͬ
һ꣬ȴǻȥꡣ
ķƶܰ㣬Ϊɰ飬ǱԽľ磬ٴεĺˡ
ĹȻȣȻ侲ȴЩƮĲţûǹֿİء
תһڽȥѰ飬˻飬ǿԲ쿴תΪʲô˵ġ׵Ȼ
ĹȻҲһ£֮õϣ
۷Ź⣬ĹȻǰȻˣֲĹԸ䵱һ£
ɽͬǿΪ֮ǰƽȵıȶĹˣķڷ˿нİŮ˵ı𣬲ҲΪйޣܽȷƶȴĹϣ
˿̵ĳз֮ġ
ȴҡͷˡ
ĹЦ㶼ˣôܳ䵱£ǺǣˣܶθڣǲұԴԳƴˣ
Ĺһ㶣漴ϲˣĹˣ
˵գһ׼Ĺ
΢ЦͷҲйͬˣмͬҲͬʿ๲ѵѵˣԲغʹ
Ĺ˺ܶ࣬΢΢һЦȴ磬ֵѾǱ֮ŸոշȴΪҲ˵ԼĪǺۡ
׿Цܣ֪˲֪ٱǵĲһССĺۣǧʱ䣬ұаսúǴңǵĿʥˣԺ飬ӵĶˣ
ʥˣĹ͵һۣ첻ѡ
׿Ц򵥵˵飬ֱĹ겻ѡ
ͬʱȥڤ绹ܻĹѡ
Ȼ˵ҲûбʥʱܣͬĸĹ
ϾһѪֵܡ
Ĺ꣬漴Ҳ֪һʱ䣬ܵĻԼڤռ꣬һʱ䣡
ǷƶҲԼԼҲҵƶˣ
磬㣬ˡĹЦ˵
֪˵ЦҲֻǵЦЦ
̾Ϣһ׵Ϊƾɱңۻ᲻֪Ժ۵ΪȻӴ࣬ˣҲЩоˡ
ֻɱҳɹɱˣ
УΪƾ£ƾ֮ΣҲӦ֪ɱƾˣҰĲ
˺ߣĽ֣ҲһǱ¼ɣȻں۲ʱһССĽڣܽĨɱ
Ĺ亹ܣȴò˵׷ĺ͸
ƺЩ˵˼Ӳһ㡣
Ĺ𺳣׵⣬ʵҲһ˼νб޻ɽŵģûĸ˵ǻۻܵͣԣͬģûĸɵӡ
ֻҪͨλߵϸһصȥǣвֵĿԺͿֵܳ
ЩֵܳУЩżĿǻᷢġ
ԣֻҪЩյ㣬ԵеķֶΣӦЩֶζȡֶΡ
ʵϣĹҸ㣬㲻¶ɱ֮ǰ£ҲȻܴҵ壡Ϊ˴ɱĿԣ뵽ˡ
װȻЦ
Ĺȴ޻˵׵ţĹȻ֪Լĺɱ󷨵ȣԷֶûʹԼܻܲʤҲЩ


244 꽣ŭ
׼Ĺ˼ʱҲԣε飬ǽ󷨣ڸˣȻӳıĺ۵ĶĿ
ԽĿԣΪ˵õϵ󷨹˱ضǿ߳ɽڻǿƾ֮仯֮ͨˣȻǰɱǣҵ󷨹
㣬֪飬Ȼֱѣ벻ɱܣ
ˣӦһ㣬ҵĶԲ߱ǣݷһʱ䣬ȷ粨΢ƽϢתģʵȻ뿪ħǣȥħ磬ɽȻĬĬʵ
Ĺ΢΢һ㶣漴̾Ȼʮֻܵƾ죬͵Ϯȫһ£һа˵ǵģ
Ȼżɣɾ磬мľκ蹵ҪҲѣ
ֳĸֵܺĸоǰɣĸоǿµģܱԻˡ
ĹЩȻ˵ƾǾżɾ磬룬Ҳûʲô
ȷʵվͬȾϣλǿҸ֪ͼʶƺḻ٣Ŀ⣬ҲǳԶ
˵ȻͨģӴڣĹŷԼϵλ粻ʵ˵ãĻֶҲȷʵΪԼ֮ǰȷʵƾҰɱˡ
ģƾ죬ǲãҪǳ֣ǲУҲؾ¡
˷ռ֮⣬ʦڿǱأߣʱ򣬽ǳԲˣߣ
Ĺ󾪣뵽׵ֶκ뵽ʦֻǸӿֲͱ̬ĴڣĹʱҲİˡ
ãֵܶ꣬ʢ£ֵܶ˶ҪһĹ׿Ľᣬˬ
һ֮ˣȻǱȽֱˬģŷϾıʡ
ЦȻʱϣǽʡĺã߰ɣռȥ񣡡
ĹٺһЦ֪Ҫȡ뷨ռ䣬ʱҲ
һڤռ䣬Ĺǵأ
ڻĳһ죬ڤ磬ԼǧƵվڷƶǰȻƶһҸĿľôƶ㡪
ˣɵɵķˣֱӳȡƷԪʯȻȻĹһӣ˱ʥռ䡣
˿̣ռܱ䣬һ棬ѾµĻħǼһ޶ˡ
ĹȵĿһУзľ֮̾
ĸı䣬ȻҲо
׽ʱҲоˣʦˣһ
Ȼ˵꣬һ̣Ѿǰ
һۿȥʱ㿴͸Ϊ
΢΢һ뵽޵ʱѾﵽ˽ǵĸΣ˿̱ҲȻˡ
˺޸ʮ꣬ʥٶ꣨һٱһڷ꣬ʥ֮УȻ꣩ˣ˿̼ﵽ˽ǹԪĿֲ磬׵̫ھȡ
ֻǰմ˵Ĺ֮оһϬĵȷʵǽķ񣡡
ĹȻǿԸܵǿ˵ãһ£Լʹ˱ԣֻǱ˲䣬ĨɱĽ֣ɵһ
ʮֹĹĹǰ
ʱҲܵʦλͽոս͵ֵܣǺǣ˵Ǹۣ˿ȴ׼ɱء
׵˵ĹһУȻΪ˼ͬĹԼ֮˾ȷʵһʮֵ𾴵ˣʱҲøж
£΢΢Цܲˣ˳ΪֵܣҲٺòˣǺǣȻ׶ֵܣҲ׶һҡʦɣ£һͨġ
ˣڵϣǾϣٻǿԸЩġ
̬οĹʵô˵ǰ֮ģĹڽ߲֮
Ĺ֪ǰ֮ޱȣ˿ʮֵĸˣϵĵһͽʦڡ
죬ЦţգĲĵãţǾϵĶѣߵԼ·ܸİҲ޵ĺܡ
ĹлȻӹһö
ȴ΢ЦӣԼʦѾ֪淢һˣϾԼûĽơ
ⷨڲĿռ䣬ǿԸܵ淢һеģȻռ䷽ܻǲ֡
˵˼䣬ž׿
ЦʦҪͻµľ˰ɣǲڤռꣿ
Цȷʵ⽣ϣţѾɽ֮һΪʦǰΪȫĶõ˼õḶ́ˣΪʦֻܿ꾳ͻˡ
ţʦͬ£ɽ縴֮Ÿշͱ׷ɱҲ֮⣬Ǳ趼Լ꣬ȻȥǺΣյ顣
Ȼ
˾ûôų⣬Ͼڤռ䣬ͬǸĿռģĻķǲͬģһ㣬˶ܽܡ
װԼĵãڷһ֮УһΣΪ˵ãıȻĸӵǿ
˿׷ģȴǺʶˣȻҪȻӽϵ֮гꡣ
Ĺֻһ꣬ûγɣ죬ȴѾһǡ
ףȴֻһꡣ
סˣһʱڤռ䡣
ٴε겻ѣȻһٵĿռ䣬ǾȣȻĴš
˷ǡ
ָڤռ޻״̬˵ңˮס֮һƹϵ˼˵˳
һˣҲһ棡
⣬԰
׺ĹЩ̾˾û˵ʲôĬĬųŵԪ
Ԫ𽥵ڤԪ㿪ʼڶС
ܣֻҪȵȥٸˣҲ㣬ƷԪʯ
һʮƷԪʯǵøĿŸʦֻܸˡ
ĹЦ磬ԺƺΪľɣԪʯɽ磬Ҳ˵ˣ㶼ʦɣʦٶȿ죬Ĵ󡣡
׶ĹʦΪ⣬մ˵ȴǵԼְɣòЩƷԪʯڶҲûʲôá
ţ׺Ĺɵ۵ģ

ʱǺܿ졣
ΪʱԵ
̻ĹԼķʽ֮ҲʼԼ
Ͼʵ΢µ״£ߣȽϵİȫǿˣʼǲ翿Լ
ⲢǺԵ֣ףԼ⣬ϲҲϰ߱˲֡
ͨ񻯣֪ԼĿ񻯣˱Եı仯ûǱڵǱȻǰıƳһ㾳Ĺ
ʮָ˵ġ
ӼɱѪ޻ԺбǲһӣֻǿϧĺܣʥⷽȫĸٵˣҲûˡ
ʱЩڴʥ⵽ĲˣΪڴţһԱԼȫ
ǺȻʱ仯Ĳ㣬ҪôǿռĲνҪôǼĵʱģֻЩѶˡ
׺ܿԼ뷨˿񻯺ҲѾˡ
ϾһɣһƷսףԿɻļɣȻսףȻԱ֤
ǣһ㣬˵ˣսʵĶԱ⡣
ԼΪһɣȴź;żսų䲻ֶΣһɱѾǿԽ˺ܶľɱˡ
һ룬ҲȻˡ
ĵȻһ㣬棬Ǻ¡
ֻǼ򵥵˼һ󣬺ܿĳ
۷İ˼ƷѾٽһʽĶֻһЩַӡֻҪһ˿ҲûɶѶȣߣ֮ǰҲȫϤЩ
ˮĵãҲѾȫϤ͸ˣֻҪһ룬ܿʼ
£ûƣȻǱǽľ
ĵ㾳磬ǻ꽣ŭľ磬ǣһھ޴ķŭ£ǻᱬֲǱģŭԽ꣬ķŭʹýŭȻǧŭ𣬼һһּ˿ֲĹ
ĹȻǻڻǲͬʱȫıסıûпֲıܵķӦûǿսػ壬ô۶ԷʲôΪһģ
ŭĻ꽣׵Ŀʼˣ
֮ǰĹսʹ̵ʶ꽣ŭĿֲɱǴ˿̣ܵʱ򣬲һεˣ
˵һݵĻǾǿ
ݣǾǡ̬ǵģ̬ܱ̬
ʱ׺Ȼ⽣꾳磬ɲ쵱ɱ֮ɾ͵ľô
ʱ׷ЩȻˣ˼ͬĽּľ磬꽣ŭ⾳겻ɲ
һĴ𾳽磡Ҫô˵õľͱŵľ
״̬£ǲǿܣ
׺ȻЩˣԭ˽꾳磬Խ꽣ŭǽ˽ĵأڲˡ
һ˲õĿԽ
Щ׽ȫĳ˼ľ֮УȻ󲻶ϵ˼Լһеʹȥʼۻšŭıʱ
Ĵ𾳽磬νġŭ촦־ľ֮󣬷ԼۻģͨŭǱķ
⣬Ȼ⣬Ͼ״̬£ԼԿ֪
״˿̣ȻּľӶ⽣ľ֮УۻԼġľ
ϵʱ򣬷ˣľͬʱҲ⣬촦ľ֮£Ĵˡ
ʹͷŭǱڵǱ⿪ʼģһոµ̣
֪ԼվһıԵֻҪŭۻﵽһۻĶ㣬Ȼ˲ı̼꾳磬ʵķԾôԼؽһµ磡
ʱ䣬Ҫġ
֮еô뽣ڲ磬һµĹؼһεͻƣ


245 
һȽʹֱ׵Ḷ́һˣ־ı㣬޷⡣
׶ԣĿ̹ǵĸ飬ľ
ľ˿Խ֮ϣض°빦ġ
ͻľϵȻ󽫷ŭʹۼһһټ䣬ﵽۻͻʵķԾ
֮ľϵͻƣľ磬ȻѾѡ
̣׿ӳˣΪģҲ˳Ӧ걾ľ硣
һգۣһѾţڤռһ꣬Ͼֻ൱ɽһꡣ
һʱ䣬׵꾳磬ҲѾɵľˡ
磬Ҳ˵ľ磬ҲﵽĽ꾳ˡ
صʥĵһ棬ֱںԼһ򵥵ĴѾʹͽȫںˣΪ棬ȻҲõ˺ܺõĹ̡
״˿ûȥĹҲûȥ죬ֻԼ֮ΪƣȻ沿仯һ˵ģ
һ׳ħǡ
ΪԭΪΧһѾϸĸܹԳֱ֮չǼʴŲƣһ̱뿪ħǣһɳǵϡ
ײϵȺ֮дĦȺ֮УŶֿٵʧ֣ʧȻżǼʴŲơ
Ḷ́ϵظ֮һԺСʵϺɽ򡪡ǡ
ħ磬ΪԵ𣬱һǰͻһ֡
ħǣȴΪħ繲ͬӵеĽǣԲ֡
֮󣬼ⴺɫ֮֮Ƚϳԣױ㲻뿪ˡ
ɽ磬ĹɱԼ¼ʱȥһ꣬׿ƾŭͺ۵ķ
£ȻԼЩ˵Ķ֣ף̡
ǵһĵط׻һƷԪʯһʮֺĺլͬʮŮȻլǰʮƷԪʯһ弶Ʒ󷨼ƷȻ˳Ӧĸһ˼ƷѪɷУúһУȻ
ƽնһ㣬һƻضᱻ
һУ׵Ҳ˲٣£ٴεĽʥ䡣
٣ʱԱ۵ıˡ

˿̣޼ǵƮ칬棬ƾǵͷĬĬ
ȴ˫Ŀ˸ŭĹâһˣ˵ɣǶŵأ
ƾ¶־壬ƾ£Ա任ģʵƿ󷨣ȴǸûмǵˡ
ϸ̽ȴû˿֡
ǼʴŲƵ֮ˣʵ̫࣬Ҳ޴Ӳ𡣡
΢΢ͷɫ䣬ȴû˵
ƾ죬ȴѰ
ۻ˻ֵˣʱǱɣʱʮ֮ÿʮһεġ֮սʱ紦˳ĶһЩƷƷҪȫӦԣȡŪƷ
ƾȻвʣħҪһˣѶȣͬʮִԣҲֻĬĬĽˡ
£ʮ֮ĴҪҪ׵ӣʵ
ĿһȥȻȥۻôԪʯΪľŪöʱҵĲϲҲã
ͳ˵ЩѾǲͷּ䣬ƾȥ
뿪֮󣬺ȴǳ˼
ΣΣҲҪŪƷķȻζ٣

ǣǣ칬С
һĿıδ󺺰ڴ֮ϣǰһżɾ
ֿͷ򣬾ħɵͳε򣬲֮ڡ
˵ɣô£ɶһУĿһɲŭ
£һоѲɾ΢΢־֮Ա
ţվ˵˵գӵĳһԪռһͣյ֮ѹƣȻһɻƬ̺󣬱㻯һ֮ӡ
ɾľ亹乣ȴŬƽԼ飬׵۱£ۣ½ʹߣʼżˣɱһ֮һɽ֪˺ۣǺɾĺɱ½磬ͬżٴ½硣
Ϊ˶ʲô壬ⶫ͸أ꾳硣
ֻǣ½ɱһ׵ķ߸ɱˡ
ʲôŷʵҲһ˾ɣɱ˽һɾɱ
׵ĿһݣЩš
ţʵȷʵˣףּ䲼ó˰˼Ʒ󷨣ֱӽɱĥˣȻһнĨɱˣ飬ĳԵϣ߾Ŀã
ңף֮ǰն٣٣Ǽ٣ȴһƽƣڳԵ磬񻰰Ĵ棡
ɾ˵׵µʱУҲǾ塣
׵۽Ŀ⿯У˿ȴˡ
΢΢һ׵۵ȥһ׵ϽΧǺ۸ҳ֣һҪɱ⣡
ףǱޣѰܹ£Իãǲܣ¡
Ϊ£ôɱ⣡
ֻǶߣ˵Ĺϵ
΢΢һݣȥ졣
׵۵˵ͷȥʮϺͶʮǰǰңΡ飬Ǳӽ׼Σܳǿ֮Ĵδֹķͬʱ䡣
֪׵۶мӣҲ֪ʮһε·֮ףҸҪǣλȻķ˵ã
Ȼ䱦ϵļ£ǻַ죡
֪׵֪ѣͨķѶϢĿǰҲֻ׵֪ܡ
ԣ֪Լôȥ
һߵС£Ҫʵ֮ԣȥʮϺͶʮȥˡ

ٴεĽʥһ֮ȴûпʼͻơ
ȫΪ͹ȫһ𣬽ͽںϵ˼״̬˵ڶڤռ䡣
ĹԵ׶ûȥӦȥš
״˿뵽һ¡
ĹɽĻϣͬ˵ϵϣ׶ɽ˽⣬Ǻ͸ġ
ĹΪһɱ֣ЯϣȻ˵Ƿǳġ
ΪһЩش飬ҲӦļء
ʮ֮֮աɽ絹ɣ
ЩмȴҲòεĳϣɽ綼ֹѪȷ硣
һƷƷ㲻ʲôͬɽ磬ƷҲһ
ǣɽ磬һƷͬһƷĵλһǾʮֳȻġ
ӵзˣ࣬һƷǻʹ֮˷ѡ
Ȼô⣬׻ȥǰʢ
ңԼĸоƺЩͬ
̫Լĸоˣԣ˼ܾã׵һξн㡣
㣬һļ󷨡ͶһĹһ˶㣬ҲѾˡ
Ͼڴڷ棬֮⣬ƺûô˽
뵽㣬׼̼˵ĳϵʫͷɺݺһ
Ǭճɿգ
أ
²лǧѪ
콣޺ա
˿̣ң˵׷֣ЩѾԶ֤ˡ
ݣ׵ʼһεΪһЩо


246 żꡤ꽣Ԫ
һر󷨣ӡɫĹâ׵ࡣ
ͬһĽɫâХţ߷裬ߵЩͣҲЩء
ׯԺ˿̼ž󷨽֮У׶ţɫƽͬһ
ɫ裬ߴ󣬿Щͣʱžžлȼա
ֻһԸӵѣߵһб仯Ͷû׵ע⡣
˿ֻ̣ĬĬĿʼʽӡȻ󲻶ϵĴ֮еĸӡ
ɫĹâ軷ƣɫӰϵĴأ׵
ɹ׵Ķͷ׵ӡ˸׵ʶʶռ䣬ƺһĻ״̬
һʱ׽һδ״̬ʱǳš
֮Уһֻ磬Щˡ
СĵĽ󷨣Ȼݶһռ䣬ʶҲĻߡ
ŵ㵭ĺɫ׵绡ڻϿշţϿգɫƲ㣬Ʋ֮£һƬɫĻǡ
Ȼ䣬ɫĻǿռ䣬Ȼһ£ȻѣһͬǿձСһĶޱȣһ֣ĪȻ
ͷ΢΢ʱǻȻ˿
ءһѡ
ۡ
ڴ˿̺Ȼܵ˼ǿĴˣһѪʱ޷̵˳󷨶ȻѣɫӰҲɲǼʧΡ
һǿҵľ嶯ݺݵڳײһ𣬶ʱ˵ϡ

۵Ĺ߹ȥˣɫĸоȫȻǴ۵Ĺߴߡ
ʱȥ˺ܶ죬׶ķɸˣڵϣûָܻ
ҹźǾ˵ĵ£׶ԣЩƺĸ֮С
䣬͸һ㣬ʷ˽ػ֮Ǻʶܵ˺ܺõı
Ǵ˿̣ȴֻܿЦ
ڱ̹ǵĸо֮Уʶһ˻ȻԸоԼ˵״̬ӺһĵѾǴĵ棬ҲЩȻ
֪ʧܵľɣԼΧĿռ䣬ֻҲˡ
ֻǺׯԺ㹻ػԵķɲûнׯԺٵ
һбһżƷԪ
Ҳ룬һ̣ױ˵һĿռ䣬Ȼʼָ
ϵ˺йԪǲƬ̱Ѿתֱ֮ӽ˵ڶڤռ֮С
ܵ˺Щ˿ЩõĲʵԼΪԼŪˣкȻ£Ҳᶨȥ֮ľˡ
Ḷ́鷢ǲȻ֮гֻ磬⡭
˼ţһۻȪ·һĻ谵磬Щд
һûʲôɫԵ磬ڤһռ䣬Եûʲô
£֪˶ʮֵĳƺѹ֣һ޷аĸо
紵Ŀռ쬵磬׵𽥵ƽ
Իǵ̬֣˻ָ֮⣬Ҳ׼ϸ˼һĽ
㣬ʥڲУ˼ȴǿеġ
붨֮걾ܵţ׵ʶȴ˼ǰЩ
ӳֻ翪ʼһ彵䣬ռ顣
׺뵽ǿķʲô˲õĶͬ¡
ɽ磬пܣΪ£úֲܿĸִ½硣
漴뵽֮Ѷ̫ˣ²ʥ²ô
֮Уֻ续棬𺳵ģԲҲ˼ʥ˶ɽ磬ôʲô״
һȻ֪
ʥ˻Ķʲô
𰸺ȻΨһһǹʥǻ顣
ֻĶʱֻ磬ͨڵ汬״̬׽Ŀԣ˺ߡ
Ҳ˵£ܿܣʮ֮󣬻ֽһ
׵ģЩˣͬʱϸ˼һʥĿԣɽ֮һᶫȻҲǲ̫ʵʵġ
ʥ˼ԼֻʥˣҲ
ˣȻеĿԶоһΣȻֿͨԵĸߵͣעоٳӦԵİ취
ˣ죬ױ㳹׵ԼҪע⣬꣬ڤԪ޸֮£ҲǾȡ
飬ˡ
֮֮ǰʮʱ䣬ڤ磬ſֲʮʱˡ
ʮʱ䣬Ϊֶ֮Ρ

ٴεĿʼˡ
Ĺ֮Уʱ䲻ϵţ׵ΪҲһֱѸ͵ľš
ͨ׵ʵҲϵķԾ꾳磬Ҳڲϵš
ڼ䣬ٲ˺ĹսԣӿʼĹѹΪҪ񻯣ܽĹܡ
ʮ꣬ڿ֮УѾš
ӣҲ١
׸Ŵ˿ԼΪֻ˵⡣
ﵽ˾ż֮󣬵н꣬ʵûٴεͻƣ꣬ҲͬĴﵽ˿ֲľżɾ磬ֻҪͻƽ֮ôʵ꣬ٴεķʵķԾ
죬ȴֻǸ˳ĵ㾳磬ʵҲɵ۾ˣȴԺ;żɵ
Ĺ׶ʱҲ˺ܶࡣ
ĹľԼ֪ľ磬·ȻǿǹͬʮӴ
ż꣬ģǻ꽣Ԫ֮磬һǹԪռ磬ȷʵʮ˵ã˿̣׵꾳ﵽ˾żɵĵزǿĹȴѾԿԺ;żһսˡ
Ͻٶȣɵ۵УҲԿ׵
Щ֮ı֤
ͨȣ׾ǿۣңǿۣҲãһսսѥѾ㹻
ĹΪ˷ƶʵܿ챻ѹȥвʣȻԸ뿪
죬ҲͬˣֻǸף˶Ը˵ĵˣԻ֡
һر֤ױ޹ǵĳʥ䡣
վׯԺ֮У治ʮʱ䣬ȴһ̵֮ĸо
أľŸ磬ıԼͻˡڱ˿Ҳʮʱ䡣
֪ԼѾʮ꣬ٲͻƵĻҲʵ̫ˡ
һ꣬ɵ꾳磬˾żɵ꾳磬ⶼɽΪɫˣοʮ꣬Ľʮֲֿġ
ǣɽʱϣʮʱ䣬׾˶Կżɵʵ⣬ӦþͲֹһʿݵġ
΢΢չһ壬ս׻һɫĳۣ齣Ҳͨıױ˱ϣһİ˿ųʵ֮дһݵĽ⡣
һױܵˣƺϡ˺ܶࡣ
΢΢һ㶣׶ʱ򵽣ܶˣȥ˰ǣ֮ˡ
̣ѾʮϤ²ٺҲŴ˲˹ȥ
ǵĴ֮ӿĦ࣬ӵϵ£˿ֱܼ״۽硣
гŨ֮е㣬֮ҲиַɢɫĹΡ
֮ȴʱۡ
һȺȺ˶ȻʧһȺȺ˶Ȼ֣ʱ֡ײˡ¼ȴҲ⡣
и̾оһײһɾĸֺȻ׾𣬿źȻײԼĿʮңʵȴѾﵽɵŮһץס̵ֻȻɲǼŲ˳ȥ
ݡ
һâռǰһƬ֮˵ҺѪˮͬһ㱬ը˿̣ɫսɫһҲȻŲʧ


ʮ 


247 
׺Ȼܵɱʹܵʹ˴Ųơ
˳ģ㽫ƺܿɰŮŴŲˡ
Ҫԭ򣬻ΪŮһۺɫսףʹ׵Ϊ֮һ
ײǶŮӵĶΪŮӱʣʹ׺Ȼ뵽ˡ
ɱ¾ɽ磬ΪҵֶεȺ֮⣬ɽ磬ͬźһ۾ܸоůˣλŮӡ
Ŀ⿴ŮӣԼĪʮᣬȴ֬ļУڷɫս׵ӳ֮£ŷ۵˿׵ƵϣβϵţĽë΢΢̣һ˫˫˿ɲĴס
üǰϸڵ͸ĺʪ͸ڶǰԳһ˿ϡ
ŮӴ˿˾ģ׵ȻһЦߣҪ׷ˡ
Ů΢΢һ㶣漴лллλǰ°ٻձضǰ֮
ŮӺò˵꣬ҲٳɣʱŲ뿪ˡ
ףҲûж룬ٴʩչŲƣڵŲƶȥΪ˵õٶȣΧЩ谵Ҳûжһۡ
ڵɽħششһӴİǡ
νǣһĴڣΪʵǴЩˣһǿȲǿˣȥⰵǡ
ⰵǣСҹǡһİ˷ĵط
棬Ϊ˵ãⰵҹǵشҲһЩżɵޣ̤ĵطҲһƽʱħĵط
һ£ǿƵħ֮ɵ۾֣ⰵҹǣҲòСĽӦǿޱȵʱĹİҹ޵ɱ
£ҹԱߵ򣬴ΪŲƽȥ֮ˣȴǺܶࡣ
һΣȻ׵ۡۡۡѪħ۵ɵۣǴһ˼ɵ۾ǰÿһɵ۾ĸ֣Ƕڼֵڴ
㵽ʢȻһЩɽ˽⣬˿Ŀ֮ȻЩ

żɵۣۺ⪣˿ߵľżɵ·١˼ɵ۳졢ԡסǧѩˣ˿Ħ磬ϢȺ΢΢׼ʩ涸ȻɢһȺ˷׷ײֻ̱˿
ɫһۺȴǺȻչ˿һЦԭ׵ۺͷҲˣʵһֻ֮εļƷƺǵķ۰ɡ
һս׵ӣȻգͬһЦǲĵƷȻƲۣǶԣȴ˲õĶﻹƲء
ˣˡ׵ߵĻսӺȻ׵˵
˵գߣȻʮͬһս׵ɵۣЩ֮У˵֮˽һǴͷ֮ˡ
ɫ΢΢ЩȻ˿Լߵ·ٵ׵֪ʲôˣʮ泤϶ˣʮ˶úϻ󷨣Ȼǰ˼ɵ۾磬ǺϻСҸԵˣô⡣
ǣ¡·ûκα飬Ȼͬһ㣬ʮ̸ִͣȴڶԷнУ˷ʲô
ҵҲ˻ˮˣǶûʲôϣˣǺǡ׵ǺˬĳЦ˵պȻ̤һ̱һпճա
׵˵ЦˣҰǾżɵ۳ޣǶڼƷȤ󣬴˴Σǵҹҵо˳õ㶫׼ȼٶѡ
ҰȻЦӦ٣ҫˣڼȻŪƣû˵Щ֪Ѷˣ
żɵ۵ĳޣʵɽ磬޵еĴڣ
˾һ㶣㲻кܶС
ԭҲˣǶˡһĿª̾Ϣ
ǰӼ񲻵ʲôˡһģͨŮҲ̾
ţȷʵʲҲռʲôˣİɣܼʵЩۼĸ֣Ѿѵˡһ΢΢ü˵
ٰûô٣죡
һħħʱҲɸ̾

ۡ׵ԼǵһȺ£ȴɫһʱ䶼ѿ
ԶԶĿţҲЩͳ
һΣһȺǳ̬ɵ۳ˣҿӣƺ֪֮ջֱʣ챦顣
εѶȣǰĴ
üͷȴûҲûȳⰵҹ֮С
ˣҵ۶٣ҷֵܣǻһǰȥۿȻ䣬һӿȻλɫս׵ӣȻգһڰҵߡ
ߣһŮȻĿѸٵ˫ɱһһӡ
ࡢޡ¡ҵȻһЦ֮䣬ĨȥԼһŮɱ⡣
ɫսӣȴͬɢɱ⡣
ԭǷ޳޺ֵۡܣǺǣǰգϷǻǰȥλֻλʱ򲻿
볤Ц
ߣ˭˸ҲӣǱǺͱѪɵѪȥ
һѪɷȻ쳹գûǹŨѪɷ֮ʱ˵ʹԴշ
ٵ֮ˣʱֻӴܣˣǲҺ

һȺ˱Ƴ嶸ȻըҺһʱѳѪ⡣
Ӵ
һȺ˱Ʋʱ׻ʹĴ˳
ء
бֵһȺˣʱӿ£ݺݵ˵ϡ

ԭͷӿ⴦ռ䣬Ȼյ˵ˣܵܡ
ԶȻΪ
״˿ѪӿҲ׻һֹȴ֮
˽˵䣬ɷ
üͷȻ뵽̻ѣǴ˿̣ӣҪæ֮⣬ҪõʥĲľˡ
ʥڲռʮѾʥĵĲ㣬˵Ĳֵ֮Ᵽڿܷ
ʥ䣬ԺȻ仯ܷȻʹýУ䵱ꡣ
ܷ˲ʵɴżɵ۷徳硣
ֻǣܷͬҪȡģˣʵֻʹСȫ״̬ݵʱѡ
еҪ󣬲ûеļôϸ
ֻҪۼֿٴεʹá
ԸֵĽĿȴû뿪һ档
˵˭أԭѪɵۡɵۡɵۺаɵˣֻǣǵħ˰ɣЦܵƳźǷŭġ
⪣ˣȰ˳ȻߣѪЦȻĴżħɵۣȻߡ
ѪԿһ˿֮ɫȴһƺ˿塣
ߵˣ·ΪףҲѸٵİڳսģʽ
ʱѪȴкһкȻһޱȵħᦡ
Ѫҳֵ֣Ŀһ䣬˿Ѫħ۵ӡ
ͬʱǺͺйڵ׵ۣҲͬɫҽ밵ҹǣΪʲô֪ƾ°գ
ԶѪ˿̶֣ɽɵȻһͬϳ֣
ߣ
ߣ
һߣǴаºͺ۵¿зһ
λһӣⰵҹǶûеҾͶˣɺͳҹǣô򵥣رǽģأҪȽȥˣ̸ᡣ
ˣ׷׺ȴѹ˵ʺȻԲȻһϵ֮ˡ
ȻʿˣѪûֶΣѪɵۣʱ㣡
ʿˣҵȻ޲׵۵˵
ţۺͷ۾Ҳ׷ױ̬
ѪһۣĿа֮һǰ·Σ֮ץɾ̽·
˵գʱһץ˫ֺȻŴٱͬһ޴ǬȻ׵˺ݺݵ˹
˿̣ױû̫Ȼ⵽ѪĪʱҲǴŭ
ץ̽·ʵ̫ײ˰ɣ
һʱһŨҵɱ⣬һ׵ʥľС
ɫĹâһϹâɲǼ䣬׵ߣһɫս׵ƼΪֲӡ
˿ײûнɫսӵ棬ֻԽٿ
ȻһָһٶסѪѹĺɫ֣˫һɻ꽣Ԫ֮
ѪһȻĿĶߵİɫսӣλѣǺ⣿
׶ѪֻһѪɫսףѪ֮УɼѪҺʵڿ֮
˿̣Ѫߣżɵᡢа¡أȻ䣬ȴǳ򣬽׺סΧ˶Χ
ǵ£ΧɾȣǺ޷֮һѪɷƣʱ㶼˹ȥ
ף֪˿⼬֣һӦȻҲˡ
ߣ⣿˵Ǻ⣿Ȼվûнżɵ۷УȻ˵
˿̣ѪȴǺȻһ˿Ĳ
ȻԼһʵ˵ãᡢаºͷˣʵҲǼǿľżɵۣԴ˿ΪͬһһӣѪһЩˡ
Ѫɵۣħĵһ󳬼֣˿ƶȻȥˣҲӣȭͷȻÿ֨
վߣͬȻ壬ȴȻûκεı飬ĿҲȻȻߵʵи֣Ȼ
Ѫ˿׵۵ˣ׵۵˾Ӧ׷һ񣬲ûΪһ˵
ˣѪû׵۷۵ȷĹǣЦ
ЦˣȻ׵׶ȥʦ㿴ʲô֮磡
Ŀһ¶һڴЦݡ


248 ʰ
׺ͼʥ֮С
ȻȻջأϾʥÿһ̣ĵĶԪ
쿴ѪĿŵЦݣ֮Ҳмڴֿҵս⡣
֮ѾоʵԺɢԿˡȻħ磬ɢĿٵĿ£ǣΪģΪżɵѪұҲħҲȻڴ
׺ߵİɫսʧ֮ѪѹûмСˡ
ǰͬһӣѪâ˸
һӣʱᡢغа˶ʱҲ˲ɱȥ
ǣڴ˿̣˺ȻʧˣʧĵطȻһޱȵĽ
һһ֮£Ľ
˽һУʹߣǸоһɿֲĳзѹ֮ǿҵڶָоڱɱ˸ѹ
ķһûгֵķֵܣ̲סһѪ
ֵܶʱɫ䣬ȴûг֣˲ǧףܿսķΧ
׵ۣȴͬĺʮ泤һµĻ˷Բǧ׵Χ
Щ˺Щ֮ˣǸӿˡ
Уûжģֻһˣͺһаˡ
ʣΪ첢ûʹƲˣԲûкˣۣȴΪס
ǵģףʮľ磬۴ܵвЩɲҪҪ˻Ὣ⻯ɱ׺̨
ֻǣоǹӲƣ۵ɫѿȴǲûг֣׼˵
Ѿʼڶˣ컯һ̣Ѫ³֣һУڵʯ֮䡣
ףʥڲʱӳһٱǿսҲʮֵĿ졣
֪µĻǳһսģʽԶԶûдﵽĻΣǾ⻯սģʽױ֪Ѫˣֻˡ
ݡ
а¡غ˳ˡ
ˣ֮ŮӣǴ˿һħȴĸ֮ǿޱȡ
ֻǣеս޺սͬʱݺݳĽϵʱ
콣ȻʧˣȻһһâȻ˸УǴĿĹâʹ˵ߺȻһڣɲǼǿ⣬ʥ֮еףҲסݺݵĲһ¡
ͬʱ׵꣬ҲܵĲôһ¡
ôһ£ٴοеʱֻѪѾܺͰ콣ݺݵĶһ
գӰɣɫ䣬֮ǰˣѪϾǼƷػֻѾһĨɱ
аºͷɫŮˣ˿ɫ԰һƬȴĬ
׺˿̺Ȼȥż˲Ĩɱǿһ߻ĺֹۣסֳ嶯
ɫĻĽɢȻ䣬һɫĽⶸȻɱѪѪħᦶȻһᣬųһԡѪĽɫԪӤ
ԪӤ·һ㣬һȻɱȥ
üͷһƣ˫Ŀͭһһɷŭâ
ɲǼ䣬ӿռݺݵһͣ׵ģҲ鴤һ£۾Ҳͬʱɴˡ
ǡĹ硪֮
ֻһޱȵĽȻһ£Ȼƺؼ˺ѵһ蹵˲㶴ԡѪɫâ˸ѪԪӤ
ۡ
ɫĽ⣬ֱӴ͸ѪԪӤͬʱ䣬ݺݵĶѪ塣
һ̣ѪޱȵսףҲȻѱըǣĺɫ⣬ȴǲûѪˮ
ʱһƽĿռ䣬Ȼ͵ıһѪȻѪԪӤһĶȻ䱬ը
أ
ǿҵıըʹռ䣬޴ʹըΧĿռݣȫ˿
Ѫɫ͵ɫѪ⣬ʱ㱻ƿĿռ˽ȥ
˿̣ѾΣȻվڿռѷһߣ̬ƽ֮
ѪȴǺȻӶĿռԳӰʮǱɫսѲˣʱҲ˲ػѪԡ
Ѫ˫ĿѪ죬Ŀ֮ȴûм֡
ѪЦãܺã֮գս
״˿̣ȴͬĴżǰĿǲмĿѪû˵
죬ȴȻʱѪһҪóȫʵ죬Ҳһεˣ
˻һףʡ۵ˣɫҲ˱䡣
Ѫ֪ԼһвáʾʶƣЦһҲ˵һۣˣ
˵գһˣȴŲƣ˰ҹǡ
죬˿ȴһ˫ĿȻۣ⪣ǸʹֶζԸͽ磬Ҳ׷ɱ㵽磬
⪴˿ɫȻѿΪͳߣҪģӣǴ˿̣˿ӣڻǳв
ǣʶ˵ֶΣһһûѪԷֶοһΣ촽ȴû˵һ仰
Աߣһֱ·٣ǲޣĿͬһ㣬ȻĶ졣
ЦʵȺҪǿֵʹˣ첢Լ̫УǶԷȻʹ³ֻвҰܡ
⽣һԭǰ·٣ɫȻҰޱȣѾ޷Լǧķɽ
ɽвϵĲţ·ٴ˿ѪڣսѰܣ
˿̣·ߣ˼ɵۣ졢ԡסǧѩȻϳ˻ɱ󷨣ʹ·ٺͺ⪶ڱ֮С
Ŀ⾯裬ƺʱƴ֡
˿ֻ̣һּ˼ɵ۳ϣҲֱӴŲƣ˰ҹǡ
֮󣬷ֵܣ΢΢񣬱ҲŲƽ˰ҹǡ
󣬱׵һʮһˡʮһˣͬ΢΢ȻŲƽ밵ҹǡ
ʣµˣֻһˡ
ˣȤĿˣҲû˵
Ȼɫ΢΢һݣȻһЦʰңѣ֮ǰٻ飬Ҫлѵͽˡ
΢΢ͷѿˡ£Ҳԡ
֪첻ϲȡ˼죬Ҳ漴ʧʥ֮С
˿̣һ˾޲ϲı飬Ҳ˼֡
Ȼˣǽн밵ҹ֮˶ﾫ⣬ȻǺܲġ
ײ΢΢ǰĪҪ⣬ʦϲ徲֮ˡ
ʹһЦһۣкȻתЦ˵ͷҲжţǺǣʲôʦʲôͽҰңȻҲֲ֮ͨˡ
СѿҪǰҹǣ漴ʵ
׵ͷûзϡ
΢΢ͷ˼Ƭ̣ðգǵʱСõǱ屣֤᣻õϣСѲҪٳᡣ
˻һ߶һŮˣĿЩĳӡ
׵˿˵Щ磬ʱ˵٣ңν밵ҹ֮ˣ಻ʤû˭ܱ֤ǽ֮󣬻˽롣
ʲ΢΢һЦˣǸƾ°գǡ
үү
ʱһĺ漴һۺɫӰ׵˷
ײĿۺɫս׵ŮӣǱԼִŴŲƾͳɰٻ
ٻԽԽˣߵӰ˫Ŀâһݺݵĵ˰ٻһۡ
ٻ˫һ죬ʱҵĻ
үү㿴ٻ
˵գʱĴӴ۾ģǿ޹
Ȼʮĺӣ̬ҲѹΪԭʵŮ׷ɱӣҲη
и̾ȴǲٴ˷ʱ䣬΢΢ˣŲƶŰҹǶȥ
˿̣ٻע⵽ףĿһЩΪԼ֮ǰ硪
û˵꣬Ѿʧٻһ㶣־ʮί
ˣ߰ɣүүȥҹǿٻҪúõĴĴзռŶ۰˵
ţүүãٻϲıŰңƵĿ˿Լĵ࣬۵ıӲмһ


249 ֲİҹ
ս밵ҹǵķΧ׵岻ɺݺݵһȻȫ٣㱻޴ѹȵЩ´λ
Ȼ򵥵ĵͬһʹĵȸλͬĿֲѹ
ƺһڰҹǿݵϵʱ΢΢ǰ㣬齣Ѿͬһ㣬˫¡
ƵѹʹЩƵ͸Уѹһɽһ
ܣ谵ĹߣϢͻǵԪԼ񱩵УϯŻɫĻɳ裬ܣһۿȥǻ߻ݵĵݲȫǺɫأżһĺɫȴĿսµġ˺ۡ
һľڳصͬʱ׵һ
ͷеĳأ״̬𽥵Ӧǿռ䡣
ǿܶȣʹľˣͬģأôһС飬㳬ܶȣӲ̶ȣǼƷ޷⣡
Уǿֲǡ
Щ˵УⲻǻȡİҹǶѡ
׼ѵһŲܵǿĹͷһͬ˺Ϊм޴ѹʱʹ˫ϥ˵ġꡱ
ͬʱɫ΢΢һףѾ֪˫ȵĹͷѾԼѹˡ
Щζһ׵ʥȫķս׵ķˣ̶֮Ÿо˲١
⶯ѾһżƷĹԪȻԱֽƬ̣׵˫ȣȫĻָ
巽ǿȣ׻Ǻŵģң֮ѾԳˡ
֮ߵĿռ΢΢һţʰҡԼһֱߵһŮʱռ֮С
ʰһ֣϶ʱһɫĹΣȫ׵ĵɫսףѾˡ
ߵһŮͬĿ˵ɫսס
ʱòмֲɣȴԵòϣǧºϣƽ¶˳вְ߰׵ͷԵɫǴӰ׷ִ͸˸ŵɫĵâ
Щ˶ıӣȴԵǡôЩɡмִȺ͵˸һ˵ĸо
һŮеλӣʢѪգԸܵǹȴơ
ͷͬĶһԵɫǣͬ˸ŵɫĵâΪͬǵɫԲϸ޷ֱ档
֪ˣһа࣬ڱ˿˼ɵ۾磬ȴǿʵʵϵʵоżɵʵԣڴ˱ֳѪյְ⣬ףⲻеֶζѡ
һˣаޣֵʵǰ˼ɵۣʵͬҲǰ˼ɵۣͰа˷ơ
һλŮӣǰŮӣҲǰ˼ɵʵһǧģҲ˵˴ֲ˷еơ
״Ŀ⣬Ů¶һɲмֻûбֳѡ
Ϊ˲õĸоȻ׸֪ˣȻʹ죬ȴҲûмƽϡ
壬ǳһ壬߰ĲˣҲûʲôĻǶ˴һӣֻǽ˹ѣⰽˣȴǲ䣬֮͸¶˳
֪ЩֲмҪģǿʵȥ֤Լ
ԣͻȥʲôûбҪġ
ջĿ⣬ױʰҳԼѺõЦЦͷʾк
ײҲ¶Цݣͷ
ʰİ࣬Ҳ΢΢ͷǺкһ£ǰ޺Ͱȴһ˪
ת˿治ԶǷ۵һˣϾԳֲ԰ףȻӴЩ˶ԣЩġ
ϾȻ价ĶӣɵۣҲЩܲˣңⰵҹǣĪ˵ɵۣɢˣҲĻΣյġ
֮£׵۵ͬмǱѪһ˺һˣɵģһ۷ֱЩ˵ʵĸߵ͡
ֻǣǲӲšʾͲö֪ˡ
뵽ģֻЩˣк֣Լ۾ʵһġ
ͬһ˰żɵ֮⣬ʵ˿ǰ˼ɵ۵İ࣬ͬǾżɵۡ
ңΪޣżɵ۵ʵȻǿǶôǿģ
׳Ƭ̣Ϊûнⲿ˺޸ãԴ˿˫ϥ֮ѾѪȾ͸ʾ£ȻȻȻװģĿʼΪԼָ
֮ǰĴḶ́Ƭ̶ѣң齣֧ţԳǱȫ٣ҲŵⰽĲм
£֮һˣѪһ˻ˣ׵ۺͺҲܿľۺһ
ˣ֮󣬱ͬΧȻʲô
ʺѪȴǲʱ߿
о谵ȴûбֳʲôͬûзһ㣬ԹԵĴָ
Ƭ̣ʵȴǴ˹СʵǲһǰǻΣ
ʳ룬ײûио죬ʵϣӰϣҲоڿռ䷨һĶңȻķͬľǿıܱٻİȫ
ԣɴƲ⣬ʶȻ֪֮ǰ֣Ŀռ䷨֮Уʱ֣˳룬ʵǸӡ
׵ȻһЦǰ⣬ˣֻʵ΢ģȴǰȥλԱɡ
ʵ˵ͷʵϣ룬ǸͷѣĴӦˣϲùңؾʲЦСѱգҵȥˡ
˿ȴһֲмɨһۣ˫Ŀ⣬Ȼ˵ûҲã
ױĿƵĴŭݺݵ˴ŮһۣɫҲ΢΢˱䡣
ŮɱһһѹȻϮƺһһȴǿѹĳ
ѪڣٺݺݵǰһۣŮӴֵŷ۵һȺ˿·ˡ
״ŭĵһ죬ӻŮ
ţĵԼûޣʱٲҪֶˡ
кǷŭȴҲ
ƽϢһ̬֪һˣŮһѹѹȶ£ȻɼŮӣĺ֮˳֮ˣöԷù
֪Լ̫ţΪһĿ⣬Լضȴû뵽Լѹ
˿΢΢һ룬׷ôװһ£á
ۡ
һѪɫҰףʱ˵ϡ
ԶѪͰҵ˻عͷ˰֮⣬ۺ׵۵ˣɫ΢΢һ
ȻЩ뵽죬Ҳȥ׵ʦ
Ҳ΢΢ɫѣû˶˵ʲôתͬʲôûзһ㡣
ңҲֻЩŭĵ˰һۣɫ䣬ǲм
£ֻ֮а࣬üͷǷ֮
׵ȻﲻѾȫʧȥ
ʱΧûٳ֡
һ̣׺Ȼʧˡ
û֪棬죬ͬĶ֪֮Ҳ޷׵֮οѪˣ
ʥĿֲƵʥǿޱȵķ˲ı֤
˲ı֤ʲôطȥã
״˿Σȴһ㡣
Ȼڽʮ꣬ǰļ̫̣Ȼִ˵ġһ棬ڶ˽Ǿ֮һڸԶЩͺ͵ȻµһУȴٴεķ׵뷨
ɽ磬ֽ磬ֻоԵ棬ûʲôνĶ顣


250 
֮ǰ־ǰٻŮ޺ͰֶŮȻ˵Ǿ֮ͣǱϾһľ˰ɣ
񣬾ǺȻ֣Ϊۣ֮ǰʵǾ䲻ŵԣ
׵һʱһ̣ˡ
ɽ磬ǲֶΣԼʴȣȴǺ飬Լֺαʴȣ
ľ׾ǶԼĻĿĵ־ȤͶ֮ˣԼ˺ɫˣ
˾ָֻ֮ǰĲֶεĸԡ
˴˿̣׺Ȼãǿʳ滷֮£ֻвֶΣޱȣܸõĻȥ
˽ģΪ治ֶΣԼҲͬܣ
ۣǶסˣ
кݺ˵ȫʧʥռ䣬һ㣬ٵĸʵǰĲ
û˸ײ֪
֪εĸ٣Ϊ֮ǰġԵúɡ
ףȴҴ⣬ΪЩˣǸ֮еĸ֣ײҵġ
ңΪƴأֵܻᷢӰҲӰ
Ҫǣⰵҹǣ߻谵ʮֵأᱻ˲ͣͨĿʹ֮е˲״̬ȶЧء
ױĽƽʲôɡ֮Ҳĸıı̬ԲʹŸЩ߲֡
ҪǣױΪ˽˷ɽ̬Ա仯硣
Ȼʵǧ׵ĵطȻǰͣϢָʱױҲָͣϢǰһȺߵʱҲߡ
ĸ˽ҹ֮ǰһȺٴεͣΣԷĶƺʮֵء
ʱҲ谵Ŀռ䣬ǰһҹĻһĴͺڰռ䡣
֪棬ӦñνĻռˡ
Ȼ˵Ϣʱʱ֮Ǳ֮С
ʵĻǵõ˵ͬ£ͬʱռ崦λϯض
ʱѪȴ˵ˣʣŮɱͽͽף֮ǰȹŮֻ첻ưոˡ
ȻѪЩƲҲ޲Ǵ˿ȴҲ죬ʵ൱򵥰
ѪһȻһ㣬ϾѪǱ˵ģǺ˵ʵһ㣬ǱܵѪȻ
迴ʮصɵۣ仰㹻ƴˡ
ʰû˵ȴЦⰵҹǣɱأҵȺθɣߣѵΪɵĲɣɵģ죬㼸Σ
źͰԵĻʱ˰Ĳ
ãңˣôôʵаգǵĺ£ŭ
ߣܣ־Լ磡м
̫ˣһɽһɽߣ̬ҪԿģ
ݺݵĺһҲ˵Žڲ˽ȥ
ȴûֹ
ŭȴȻɫ
Ѫû˵۵ˣȴ˿˸̬֣ɽһѹȻ
ҿһۣ¾ôȥˣҪᣡ
˵գҿ˰һۣ˵ԭΪ׵Ŀռ䷨ˣڿӦòȻˣˣֻҪٻҪűɣ죬ǳȥ֮󣬽ὫһĨɱҹζࡣ
ɫ΢΢һѵǣ죬ԭǻֻ£ȻΪ˵ˣɴһݣɱ
ٻڼˣ̫ǡ
ţͺãȥ¿ҲӦõģ⺢ӣʵ̫̫߰ˡ
ҲԣսڣȻΣգǲвġгϵ
˲˼䣬ȻƺʲôûзһŬĻָʵ׼ʱ֮֮С
Ȼÿ˶̰ģڰ֮ѾûԸȥˣ׷ԾԾԵĽȥĳ嶯
ڣΣֻ׼֮󣬺׵۵һ֮С
һֱӦȺ˵Ķ˿̼Щ˶ˣҲȻĸ˽ȥ
һ·˱Ӵʹʮ˵֮⣬ûΣա
ΣգȻ֮УȻҲףԣ˽ȥȻСĽˡ
Ŀռ䣬һ룬ױѵĸоһȻɱ֮ʮֳء
ûǿҲ˲٣ɱ֮ʹ׸оЩˡ
ʥػ׽֮Ȼı״̬
ռ䣬ԵȴǷ֣ԼʶܸӦķΧȴ޷ǧ׷Χ
΢΢ЩأʶӦ޷ʹãʹöΣյĸӦ̫ࡣ
Ŀ֮ããƵĿռ֮Уɱ֮⣬ǹ嵭ǵĸоΪǿҡ
׸оԼ˿̷վӴ֮УΧããһƬֵɭһĸо
кǹ죬ǧ׵ʶӦΧʹ׸ܵʵ˵Ķ
ǣЩ˾Сģ׷Щ죬ƺЩˣߵİ׷Χ֪
׸Ӧһ˵ĶǺ۵һаˣ׵۵һʮһˣǷֵˣʮֵľľһ𣬳ķȻ󲻶ϵǰţÿ̤һЩɲ
ҲЩ˵Ĺͬ⣬ƺÿһ˼޷ʶӦΧĿռ䣡
˵ķ֣׻ЩȷϸĲ̽һЩ˹ȻȻС׶ʱԿ϶ˡ
һϲ⣬ǻô
ʥ䣬ͬ˲ı֤ǧ׵ĸӦΧΣٵʱ򣬺ȻĽʥ䣡
ЩֵķӰ˼һɱˡ
ʱٸƬ̣ڿ϶Щôֻǲ֪²ȥˣԵ²ٺ׼ƿЩ˵·ֱӵڲȥ
ѡ·ʱһʱ䣬һ֮ٵʱзЩ˵ĸоˡ
ʵ˵ʵ˰ɣΪΣЩж˻ǽ
гһ̣׺Ȼһ˼Ǳܵ˲ʥ֮С
һɫͬİɫ㣬Կٶȣݺݵķǿֲĳƿյʹĺ˼㡣
ʵΪʲôҪЭˡ
İɫ㣬Ŀռ䣬˵ж٣ûûɱйȻǾԿֲٶȣֻҪˣ˲
һƬײǰУʥ֮Сĵݷ׵۵˿ٳĺ·ϣһȺǰ
һȺʮˣΪǰ뿪ˣ˴˿ֻжʮˣʮ֮Уʵ͵ģǰ˼ɵۡ
ҲҴ⣬ֻĬĬĸһȺ
ţռӦǻܿɢģʱʼ֣쳣ı䶯
ԣֻǵȺ˱Լһһҹɡ
͡׹⣬ʮֲֿ
ʡ׵ۡۡۺѪɵѪǴǰģ㻤֣˲䣬㱻Ƴ㡣
׹ֶʱѣռɫͬаڣı仯
ףһҲܵһĺơ
Ȼ׹ɢһ׳İɫɨǼɨ׹⣬ŵȻǿֲġ
ʱ򣬰ˣ׷׼ӳֳ֡


251 ֮1
һİɫġɫġɫ֣Ȼڰҷ۵˵ǰռ䣬ɫʰ
⻤ֵĲɫգ׹⾹Գ߲ʷ⣬âĵطһƬ
׹ɨʵ˾΢΢һɺݺݵĲһ¡
ʮɫͬʱһĲ԰ףеĻ֣ͬʱꡱһˣֻЩˣȴû̫ܵ˺
׿о֮ͬʱҲӵľûκε¡
֮󣬵ڶ֮ǰһжԵñȽϵƽˣмȻкüаɫâǶЩЭֵ˹ȥ
ͬ߳ɭһĵطʱǰ˶˿ףҲͬ˿
ռ䣬Ŀռ䣬ʮڣĸһЩʵĸо
ϸţȻ䷢֣ĿռǰȻһϤŮӡ
Ůӣǰ
ֻǣ£ԶɽϣǲĲԭϣϣ˰Ӱ
Ȼ䣬ռ˿ƺܶ࣬ϸȴһˡ
֪һָӵĸ󷨣ڳԽ˾żƷ󷨡
֮УеĶᱻƣһˣ˵Ӱеģͬһ޶
ʲôӰҲʲôһӰԱߣҲ֪ǲʵġ
棬ģǿɼȣҲ׷ΧܸоŵͨѶ
һУʮֵĹ졣
䱦ĿռУҲζţһ£У¡
һ˳ΪˣӰ֮Уֻһġ
Ŀֲ
ĳ˼㣬Ŀռ䣬˭Ҳܱ֤ٸӰûġ
ңһ棬ᱻͶӰԼݣʱҲ¶˳
˿̣ȻĽ紦ʵˣҲһ
ȿ˵ϾԹ塣иԼ
Ƭ̣ʵƺԼһ㣬֮󣬸ƾ¡
ǣһȺˣԳ⿴ʮĻ֮С
ԶɽˮƣʮĿռ䣬УȴһʮɱľżƷ󷨣
ʱʱ䣬Ҳˡ
ϰƷʱһͬǼ֮һĺɫţȻ棬Ȼɳķ
ܶ࣬Сһ򱶵Ļ׹ƣҲǧѡ
ɽԣʵ㲻ʲô
ԼּƷƷ£ʱ㵽ҷɣֻмǧǱһ򱶵֮󣬾ͬĶǷһһʱ䣬һͬһһΣȻǷ˼ġ
ƣʵ˷֮
ɫġɫġɫġɫĹβϵ˸գֹâҲͬʱıֱʹϿգȫĳΪΪ׳ۺ貵ĵط
׳ٳûж
ڲռ֮ʵ˶ͬϹ۾һ㣬ԭǻߺȻֵĸˣҲ׷ױߵľ衣
ÿ˺ȻʱϿȥȻΪĳ֣Ƭ̵ĹοͻʵƷΧɲǣÿǿԿĽ켣ġ
ÿˣȴıʱ
ڷƷΣΪεĲͬкܺõķֱǣɲǣӰɢŵεķȥٶȣʵǾ֮
׵Ŀһֱעⷨı仯˵ĶϣܼһЩԼаḶֻ́ʵ˽Ŀռ֮ռʮ˵Ӱ
ԭֻʮˣȻ򱶵ĸƣǱǧռ䣬ȫĻҲ
ǰɢź
Ȼ֪֮һĿܲģǺ߲Զ·٣׵ߵһз֮е飬ȴͬʱˡ
ߣˣе棬Ҳеļ٣һ漴̱ҡ

·ŭһһץסѪɫȻâһʧˡ
·һ㶣һգĵȻǼٵġ
Ƭ̣ӰͶȫĺЩƳӰһͬʱѪɫֻѪɫȴߣĶƺߵ˳һ
һǺȻʧѪɫ˲䣬ƺǱ·ٸᵽһ
΢΢һ㶣㽫ĿͶߴӰ·٣ÿ˶֪١
һ棬㶵˲䣬˼һӰͬɱһײ
·ٵĶһΪЩ˵Ӱƺߵ˳ɱȥһ
ˣÿ˾ֻ֣ԼӰɺ֡
ڼ䣬ȳֵ·٣ȻҺһѾһѪɫͳڣȻǸһʵ˸ɱˡ
ͬʱѪа£ҲһȻס磬ѪˮʱҲֱ͸ָΡ
׸ӵĿƬи̾ԼҲǽ棬ֻ֪ôˡ
ȫģʹЩ˷ɱɱ󰡣
Ͳȴûжġ
ʶܸӦһķΧԳ˼ãĹ۲죬ȻŽ󷨣֮׺ȻпԼľԼ˿̣ױأңҲΪռԻ
뷨ֻһ֮ұȫֶΣôȸоҲҪһ㣬ŲܱɱӰ쵽
ЩӰʵٵĹҲòܡ
ʶϵķųȻȳԼ֪·СĵıܿⷽĿռ䣬ȻԶƶš
׼Կ϶Խռ䣬ĶŻ֡
׵ʶΧǧףԣʶΧǿı£׼ԸоԼΧӰͷ١
СǰţŵķȻǲȡ
Ժڸ֣ǼȻһӰҲֻΪõ뵽ס
УҲܸܵѪȾżɵۣ붼װɵɱˡ
һЩ˼ɵۣȻҲװɵĿԣȴҲȷʵЩ񾭲
׿ٵ߳⿴ƲʵȴӴ͸Ŀռ䣬Ҳ˿
ռ䣬һС·İŵС·
Ḷ́ȻڼֵɱȻڼ
Ǻȴһֱϵر
ǻƻɭϿС٣׵ĸо
ѾָһˮƽľҲʮֵƽ棬Ҳûʲôļµĸо
Ǳܵģ׾ʮֵĿ¡
ǰӳɽ·СŽƽһſŵСʯͷɫĴ͸״̬нǵʯͨɽͣȫûвͬ
Ȼµĵһ¡
΢΢Щƽ⣬ܵʱһֺܿĻָԭ״
ֻǣСȻˡ
£һƬ꣬ߵСɽмһС·˳ȥ
ǰĿԵЩС
׷֣ԼûжȴĶˡ
꣬Ȼڣƺ꣬Ƭ̺γɸߴɽһ
׾Ŀܣŵ˼㣬һУĪȻʲôΣյĸоûУӵѹӴ
ɽͣɲǼݺݵĶһ£Ȼɽ͵ĶգȻһӴĹ֣
һ⣬ǵǸ泡ô
ϤĸоУһ£ʱһɼֲĸоС
ǻ飬Ȼֱֱ£һĵ
׺Ȼ֣Ѿ޷ˡ
ֲܶĸоˣ޷ʥռ֮С
ŶصȻһɻâƺҪµ˵ȫһ
͡ɫڤâ绡һ㣬͸׵ͷ


252 ֮2
ɫڤâ˲䣬ֱӵͶ׵ͷɲǼɽ꣬͸ڲ֮УȻ󱬳һŻԵĺɫ
Ǵ˿̣ǰ֮Ӱ׵ӡǺȻͬʱһһɫĿֱֲӽɺɫ̻˲ɵ
꼴˲䱻ƣʹ׵ģ˹ȵס
һ˲䣬ʶƺӦɫڤâڲƺһƬޱȵĿնռ䣬ʬҰ׹Ǻ£һ͸׵ꡣ
һ׿ֲĴƵѹ֮˹Ǳܵģ׼̽ʥ֮С
ɽʵֲ̫ˣ
׳ʥ󣬷ս׻İɫۣѾˮʪ͸
оɲʶ׶Ӧˡ
Ȼ䷢һУľˣʮֲֿ
һкȻôˣٴεᵽĸо׵ģҲݺݵˡ
ܾûĸоˣоٵһ̣׷ƺȫǱһ㣬Ǹ˲͸ˣǣǿֲڤâȴǺȻӰ׵ӡɵˡ
ȻҲ֪ģԼ꣬ҲЩˣײûж룬Ҳ֪ΪǱڵǱʹܲ°ʥڵѹˣûϣҲ˿
棬ɽţǷĲЩۣǱâҫһ˶Ĳ֣һƬİ֮֮ǰİ˼֡
֮ǰС˿Ѿֳ˾ʮˣƽ˲ɱʶ
״˿Ѿٺҵվˣ͸ʥ䣬ȴҲͷľ޴Ĺˡ
ð죬Ļصţ˿̣˿ױоĹǳԼˡ
磬û°ɣĹʵ
΢΢˿֮ǰǹɺɫĻʮֲֿ⣬ֻǻɢˡ
Ĺ֮ɫû¾ͺã֮ǰһҲʦҶʮֵġ
˵Щֳ˴󶯾ʶˣȻķӣȻ򵥣
ⶫʲôΪʦҲδ˵ӣⷨõ֣òͳ˲ʣ죬Ҳ壡
ĹʱҲߵߣɽ֮ˣౡ壬ʦʹϰ߱ˡ
׵˵ͷʾԼ⡣
죬ȴǳĬ
ʦľⶫԼȡãⶫҲҾӵķ֮һӦǻ飬ֻǲ֪ʮ֮һ֡
˵
ľĹıơ
Ĺ΢΢ͷ磬ҪҵĻֱʶ괫ɣֵܶˣͬҪ̫ڼ⡣
˵ţĹ׵ļȻ΢΢칪֮󣬶ʱֱȥһڤޡ
ΪĹ֪Ŀǰʵ׶Ȳϣ̸
Ĺ뿪üͷ壬ټⰽңû취Ϊʦ֣ʱжӳһ£ΪʦϾܳƾżˣʱ򣬱˵ʣⰽ࣬ΪʦҲУ
˫ĿȻһԵƺиȾ
зЩѪڣȴǾⰽ࣬ǱʻҪǿ󣿡
ʧģüͷһ壬̫ˣϾΪص㣬ʥ䣬ȴʧ˱;֮ģ
ȥ⽣
׶ʱɲĵͷʵϣȲΪģΪȻ˰ȻǾżɵۣǲȰǿΪұϾʱ䣬ǰһֹҾϣ˵á
˵ײЩ𾪣û뵽Լˡ
죬ƺ뵽ʲôһȻ˵ޣƷޣŴм䣬ⷽ棬Ȱǿ󣬷֮
ߣͲǳޣǱ쳬ޣ
֮ԵûƹˣǵʱΪʦʵԺⰽԿ
ңΪʦԿ϶ĸ㣬ѪǺ۵ˣеֶûó
νģΪǵѡ
òӵѵףҲһĲ֪Լȷʵ̫ڴˡ
ңˣôĻΪ˼ƷռʧһԷʵȻû뿪εĿռѰѡ
׺Ȼͬʱ춾ϵ˫ۣҲ
ƺҲԼѵĹˣŵ֮ǿҲȽϽû¶˿ҲûбǷ֣ԽȻڰԷ
ҪģȥⷨҪĬĬĶڰᡣ
ģķô׵õģңЩ֮Ĵ򶷣ҶԣǺܺõս飬ô
׵ͷʦ˵ǣͽһڸóֵʱų֣
˵ͷţ֪ͺã⿪ⷨĵĲӡӦǿڷڲٿطаɣΪʦӦòǲܵġ
΢΢һ㶣漴Ȼ԰ԼȻ˵Ĳ㣬ȴǸû뵽ڷڲٿط
һ룬׵ͽлʦָ㡣
΢΢һЦһӰѾڤȥˣһȺ͵ţʦͽúõŬɣ˳Ҳɽ磬úõһ

ٿʥռ䷨׺Ȼ֣ȻԲٿأ
ˣٿصӦֵʱ򣬾ӵһ˫һ㣬ܸӦһˡ
ĿռһپССķΧͬҰһӵǧҵҰΧ
и֮ʥ䣬ֿԲٿȻǼõĸٷˡ
뵽ľ棬׶ʱһԼ顣
ȷʵŷʼ㲻ʲôǿҲ
һգûˣôٿʲôȥͶȡɣ
һ룬׵̬ƽ
ʥ䣬һĹ㣬ڿͿռеĹûκε
ȻܸӦ㷽Բǧ׵һˡ
ɽ֮ȻͬĿҫţԳһƬƣȻһƬİ
ɽµĸ·ϣ巽Ѿ̤ɽ·
ԶԶĿԸӦЩ˵Ĵڣңһʮˣһ˲١
˿֮ǰռڲȻҲȴûȥһˣ˿̣ʥĹڵλãȻֻһСϣɽµʮˣûгǧ׵ľ롣
ɽ֮ľ룬ƺҲԶ
ԥƬ̣ȴûеƵʮǰ棬еǰζȥ
ʥ仯Ĺ㣬ûκβҲûκ
ٶȺƽȶţǼܵģױоٿصѶԽԽˣھǽ⻹нǧ׵ʱҲ޷ٿˡ
Ȼ޷жˣԾȺһȺ˵ĵ
ԼĪʱ֮ڤռ˽ʱ䣬żĽ˼۷״̬Щ޷ǰĵط
Ȼľ޴ʹʵҲͷ˼
˿̣巽ǻ棬ĬĬ·Ա˸߶ȵľ衣
Ȼ֮ǰռԵֶΣʹÿǾ衣
ʰߣఽ޾ɫƽȻֲмģ
׵ۺۺͷʱɾۺϵһȻ໥֮в¼ɣ£Ȼˡ
Ѫ΢΢Ѫɫâ˫˸ţͬҫŵɽ֮ɫ
˭Ҳûз֣׾ǵм䡣
λȻҰҿ·ҾλҪڱ滨ҵ䣬Ǻƽ˵ȴһɱѹ
ֻϣ˸
׵ЦеǰֶΣֻԼ
󵨹ߵ
׵ֻЦȴûлش


253 ̶¡Ļ
ѪѪɷ֮ڣЦ⪣һʵǱʻҪ
ʲôĪν֮û˼ʱֵ¼ģ
Ҳвˣ㿪·ȷʵ߷գҲеһﵽɽɽʲôҶٶ֪Ҫ˲͵ϮͷǾ˰գ
൭ȻѪҷϻܶ࣡
ѪٺһЦħӿȴûг֡
Ѫ£ءаºᣬȴԴƺȫʵľ棬׼ʱ֡
Ŀ⵭ȻɨЩһۡ
׸ӦⰽǺõһңǹŶĲмҲͬȷĻ
ϣͬǿĿռ䷨
׺Ȼͨôһ˿ĸӦӦ㣬ͬʱоҲ
ֺʹ˶սʱֻٲԼҲҪˡ
Լʦʵǿ󣬵ǱϾǿʵᣬкܿ˾ȿ˻ƴܾ˵
Ͱ޺Ȼ˰һһػţ࣬ȴʰҵ
ǰһˣйĶԪǿޱȵľѹ֮ȻڽǱѹ֮Ҫۺϵʱ򣬰ͬʱҲˣֵģֻǰ˼ɵ۵ѡ
ĵֿ֮£־ѹ֮ˣȻӦ˲١
ף㣬ȴǲϵǰȥ
ǻ㣬ҲʮֽģЩˣκһˣ嶯߱꣬ԵúûĻ룬ǱǴشˡ
Ǻ۵ݣ׵۵ЦصǷ۵˵İ֣Ѫɵ۵ֹƱ˵ĸԣʲô֮
οʴ˵ĻЦص۸Ǵ֮
׿Щ˱ϵĻʵȴǸԶŬţвɱģ״̬ûȳ֡
ȻϵģħϣɽϣȻս
£ƣƺⱾϵ˫ȴǻӣ
ײûбԻ󣬾ʺѪĶݣʵϣȴ֮ܺĻӣҲΪɽȻֲһѡ
ټ٣ټ棬˲׽
ײûвЩ֮Уȥ٣ȵﵽɽĵطһоͶֳˡ
ʲôıƣ󣬿϶Ǳⲻġ
֮ǰǻ֣ȻȻ
ʿ·һб׵Ķˣ׼ûʲôѪҲһֱ׼֣ȴûж֡
ﵽɽһ̣̤ͬɫĹâǵɽʱע⵽ʵɫ΢΢һȻ󣬻ɫâΧףҲȻЩ㵡
ɫĹâͲǽ⸲ǵĲ֣Ǳɽͷ貵ɫ
ɽ֮£һƬͬˮһ̶һֱԶ
̶ţƽͬһɫľӡ
ɫˮУӳŽɫɽɽȴǲеӳˮС
ˮеĵӰҲһƬɫĹâǱһ
⵹Ӱ֮Уɫɽһ˯ŵˡ
һ㣬Žľ
һ޴ĹŵŮɫĳȻԵɽ͵ɽһ
ͷķĵ׹ϵȣŵ̶ƽ浹ӳ˳վɫġŮϣȴǸûͬһ˯ˡһĸооʵǽ˹졣
ʵʹĶʹ׵Ѫɵ۵˷׷׼ٵĳ
ȻһȺ˾Ƿ˴
̣ΪֹȻЩѶȣǲر˵ûԱǱȽϼ򵥵ġ
ֻǣÿ˶֪ΣգŸոտʼ
̶һֱԶһƬ󣬵ǣŵƽͷڵˮ˲뵽һ׵̶
̶ϷͣûʲôͨҲûˮ
棬ȴѾ֡
ʱʳǵͬھڤĺ̶ȻʮǶﵽ˾żɵ۵ʵ˵ҲǿԵֿġ
õöͱȥһˡ
Ҳ֪Լ˵ȥҲȻ˸ţԴ󷽵Ľ˵
ҪҪȥǲмĿ׵۵һۣʵ
ʵ˵ͷͷ󣬵߰ɡ
˵գȷɳ̶롣
Ѫ΢΢ɣҲ˽ȥ
šˡ׵۵Ҳ׷̶֮С
֪ڤʮ˵ãӦĺ֮ˮȻҲʮ˵õġ
˶ȥˣȴûмȴƬ̣˳ʥ仯һ㣬ֱͶ̶ڲ
һɺϮʥڲռ䣬Ȼ¶䣬ʹʥڲԼĲ˺֮
һʱ궼ֱĸо
Ƭ̺Щʧˡ
ɲǼ񣬵ٴεĴⲿʱײǲ㾪˳
̶棬һƬĺ׿ռһĵط
ûкҲûʲôͣʵˣ˿̶֪ȥ
ǰֻ˶һ˵İ߰ޱȵŮӣԼֵŮӡ
ʱ򣬿ռһĶһɫģͬһޣȻͬһתţռ䲨ˣǰ
ʱҪԼǲɽˣΪޣǲ֪˶ޣ
ǹĹǿȴ˸С
Ȼһ̣ʮֽˡ
˫Ŀһޣн˸
Ȼ䣬ͺһȻ欵壬Ȼͬһ㣬Ѹٵתš
ʱ򣬵Ľ˸͸һǿ
սһܱƵ˼ĳޣһ־ս˲εǿ̬ޣʲô
װ׼ţ׼ûⰽܾ֮ʣŮ˸ץȻӡԪӤƳԪӤըǸá
˼ţ׵ĿⶢŰ˿̵״̬ò˵һƷĵɫսףɵ˫ֶ̽޳ϣɫս׸ţͷϵĽɫǣ˿ȴͬ¹һ㣬ӴԸӣ˸ž˵׵֮
ڡ
׵绡˸˫ֽɢһɹɱѹƵɱ⣬ȴûȳ֡
ʱԼĸоƺÿˣܵ޵Ĺ
뷨Ȼ䣬׸оԼߣͬĳһϸСĺɫĹ㣬ʥ仯Ĺ㼸һ
жȻһ֪ԼҲˮµĿռˣҲܵ
£Ҫ䣬ҲѾˣң춯϶ᱻⰽ֡
Ϻڰ׹âȻҪˡ
ʱ̣ضһ£ǰĳ׵ķλһۡ
׵ĶȻһˡ
ʱײжѾˡ
â˵ǿռ΢΢һǰһͣԵ걻סˣȫûз
˿̣Ǻڵ㣬ͬʥ䷢˹
ΣֱӽĨɱ˿ȴǲòְˣΪһԼ϶ڵĹ
׿ԸоӷĹҪ죬ȻҲˡ
һ꣬ݺݳڰзɽĽϣģ֮Ȼͨꡣ
׶Ȼ׹⣬ڰߣȻһźݺϡ
ŲһɱѵʹȻѣһ¶ʱݺĺڵԼǰ
ۡ
Ȼһ޺Ǻڵ㿴ʮǿ󣬵Ǳһ֮󣬶ʱʧΡ
תһۣ׼תߵʱͷһݺݲһ¡
ڲһůһۿȥʱɫ
Ǳͺڵ㣬Ȼ󣬾Ƕһ壡


254 
бһݺݵһۣĵ¹ȥҶû꣡
ת⿴𺳵ģҲһţ漴ǿеԳ֮ɫ

Ȼ䣬ͷϣת绡ֻ֮䣬ʹÿռͬҺһĶ˿̣͵ĺһںɫľڤ
ڤȻӰĿ֮ʱͿռͬҺһǿҵĦ
ڡ
ǡ
ڤ𣬴ﵽɵۼľ磬һʹóЧȴܺãһԪӤڲľԪ棬ûгԣֻ棬ֻϲٿأ޷塣
ǰȻڲٿӦ֮һʱٵӡȻͨĻ棬Ĳٿ֮£ʱٶȼ޺ڵ˹ȥ
ʱ޺ͺڵǾȻҪܣֻǴ˿̣ԭ׶˳ģֱӭͷĻ׷ϣٷܣȻѾˡ
ͨĻȻ㽫ڵ޺Ȼϯ˽ȥȻһױڶ
׸⣬׵ʥ䣬ⰽֶΣֻǶڰ˺ݶзŭ
͡
ڤɽΪǿĻ棬յռ䶼һŤڤԲǿֻƬ̣޶𣬶ҲջԼĻ档
ɫмֲ԰ףȴ˫ĿĶףȻ֪ײû
ҲһٻȻ󽣻Уױģ
ֻҪ֣ǿԼԪʯǿԳܳʱġ
׳ڰǰǱģм㾯ʲôǸѣΪǣ
˵ʲô
ˣȿʮҪһ仰ڵڽĶ̣ۣ
ɴۣ˫Ŀâ䣬˸׵б£˵һΣ
Ц˵ʮζû⣬ʲô߰壬ǸܵѣͣҲҺΣ
üһһߣȵĹâ˸˵ɱ⣬־޴ķŭ֮侲ʹô˲Ŀһ֮
㣬
ȭͷգֱϵۣѾʼ¶ͬһĽɫâ
ͬһͼŮˣܾˣ
ֻϣ绡˸ţֻ峺ںڵ˫ۣ˿Ҳɱ⣬ЦһҲû˵Ȼ䣬ɫĻ棬һ⣬˲ͷϯ˹
ףͬЦ
֮ǰһս֪Ů˵㣬귽Ƚ
ȷʵһ˵꣬ǿģֻⰽȻǿҩݵȽʵ귽棬Ȼǲеġ
״˿Լ̬ڣʵѾվ˾żɵ۵ľ硣
żɵ۾磬ʥԼս׵ܹ򱶵ټϻ꽣ԪӵİٱɱʽϵһɲǽȫĹۺϳһֹ׺š
ȻֻܳһУǺȻ߽һΣնǵˣԼΪǿػ
оǿޱȵĹĵЦͬʱ˲ʧ
ȻⰽѾ˿ռ䣬Ǿұĵ״̬Ȼһжá
ңϼʱʵǾżɵۣ
ֱӽʥ䣬Ȼ˲Ƴһߣ꽣Ԫʹ
꽣ԪѾֻˣǿ깥֮ǰ޵깥ĳ̶ȣ
ˣ꽣Ԫ磬ڶͬⲿͬʱ귢
Ҳǣʼ𺳶֣Ȼöֺ޷ĹȻڹУֶԶԷ깥
Ȼû뵽ɵܵԼɱУ΢΢һ㶣ʱ޴档
СǰԼüγûɱˣѾǼĳˣΪ߰壬ޣôԭµģ
ԣŭңô˸˼ȻڳЦԼܵͬʱҲʹԼûа취󷨵ļƷ
飬ʵ˵ߣ֮װֻ֪ǲ˵ľѡ
뵽Щԭûбʵ˿̸ֱӵƿ˫ֶ̽ͼ˲С
ֻǴ˿̣ճֿ˫ֽȻ䣬ĵûɵһʱһɿֲĸо͵ڶ
󾪣оξȹ˳֣˲뵽˲
ֻǺܿϧһˮ磬Ĵ󣬶׵ĳ֣ʮֵĿ죡
䣡
һɿ͵Ƴȱ𺳵ģǺͰ̵ϵ˫ֽ˫ֽĽ飬˲𺳣
ͬģΪ־깥һεĳˡ
һΣޣǰԼһֱƲС࣡
һ̺ݺݵһȻ侫һ㱣Դһʣͬͷ䲻ǣ˿̶óޱȡ
˫ƤصţƺûģҲ֪ȥ˺ηʶ룬Ȼ֪ԼںηҪǰδ
У˽һ֪齣޷ƿս׵ķûж齣ԼܻΪһ꣬ԼںϣȻ˲䣬ʹɱʽԻ꽣Ԫľ磬ֱնɱ˰ͷϡ
أ
ռݺݵһܸоһȡȫеͬԤָһƷԪʯǼ̱ɵľ⡣
˿ֲľ
һ̣ռһͣȻ󣬰ɫ˲ҰһƬ
Σյı£Ǻһ֣ס׼ܻΪĽĹ
ꡪ
Ƕϵˣ
սףҲ˾Կɼơ
ۡ
һѪԭվǰİȻͬߵķݣȻ˳ȥ
֪̫ǿʹÿռ˲֮ı
վԭأǶԵɫǣĵϣٿƼƷˡ
ȡʥ֮У׵һżƷĹԪԽһƷԪʯ˿
ڵϣûվ鴤ţѡ
Ѫˮӵŵ㵭ɫѪɫĹâʹ͵Ŀռ䣬ʱȾѪ֮
޴֮󣬿ռָƽʹ׳˼ƷԪƷԪʯֿնĸоȻʮǿҡ
ʱҪɱûˡ
ңսȻѿˣǲûлػ״̬׸ƿ
ܸоûȴ֪Էǳ׵ıˣϡϣϣ׵ı
ԶԷȻԿԼʵʵżɾ磬ԣԼĲҰܣԼѾܽܡ
ҪģŮΨһıֶΣǣԼˡ
ٻȥǸ衣
˿ȴûһΣڻֱĿУԼζԴж˾ĺ˿³ǻá
Ů˻ûȻ컹ǿԶġ
ŮˣôеҲһнͬɥ֮Ȯһ㣿ңȴǲ֪У㲻Ǹ޽ֻĿһеļŮ˶ѣڣˣŶּʵǼ˼㣡
ţѪˮĸˣѪ֮УֻѾצצӣںݺݵĲţǣȴû
ߣݲһ֮ʱ׵ɱж֮֮ʱ뵽ԼҲôһ죿
ŭ˵һŲǰȾѪһ԰׵ϡ
ꡪ
ȧǶȻһˣһƺһʹ˹ȥ
һջԼĽţ룬ȻɱŮӣȴǿͨ󷨽ԪӤƵģȻӡΪʥ֮У
ˣֱӴӡ󷨣Ȼ׵Ľⰽʥڲһĵأڻĵý󷨣档


255 Ļ
ڰּŮˣ걻ûһʱ䣬ָҲѣ
û뵽ںϼɵ۾ˮƽʹ꽣Ԫ֮󣬹Ȼ˵ǿԼķ̶ȲͼںҲãһΣⰽͲôˡ
˿̣ȴǣûɱɱҪõĶ࣬ԣ򵥵ɱŮˣʵǲԼй޵ġ
ĥĸŮˣŽ
ϵսףΪԭȻΪУȴҲܣҪĨȥӡǣû
ҪɱⰽڶʱڣʵûлָԶ⵱Щѵġ
סŮˣҲĥˣ˲١
ⰽҲûгʥ䣬ֱӵָ
ĵطȻˮĹӣԣûɱһĹ֮󣬾Ҳûˡ
ײٿʥ䣬㣬Զˮµƽԭȥ
·ҲûʲôҲûʲôˡ
Ȼ׿Կ϶ڽ֮ŮѾѶʵˣǰУȻ塣
ңھֻҪʱˣֻҪȵ콫ھŲ㣬ﵽż磬ôԼͿ˳ĺЩ˶Ÿˡ
ɽ磬˶˽ģҲûʲôεġ
ײٿŹ㣬ԽˮµĲԭǰش֮ٴ꣬ʱ㷢ԨϿһĵط
ҲʥǿȣǲᱻģֱӲٿʥ䣬Ͽ֮С
ио֮ǰĽɽֵʱǻӦþѾˣĿǰԼҪģѰ鲢֡
·ϣײûκˣһ㣬Ϊֵġ
׽Ԩڲ֮󣬲ŷ֣ԨڲһһĴڡ
˵ⶴߣһɽΪԶԶȥⶴߣպþͱ֮£ȻһͱϿġ
ɫұϣеĵĹת̦֮ĶʤЩ
Ϸһεɫʯƺ
ʯϣйεֲת׸Ӧһ£궼Ϊ֮ġĻߡ֡
֣ͬˮĻһתɢһɹȻмɭ
һƬĶ֮УҲĺ
ո˵󣬵ѾηʲôˣǼĶߣȻɴ˸оͬһ޳ķˣȻ䱻Ұ˵ķĹǰһ˾ĸоǵһγǶ񾭡
մƬ̣ԥҪҪȥ׺Ȼ洫һҺ
Ϥ֮ɲǺۺΪ¡·ٵĲҺô
ãǽȥˣһҪȥȻȫ亹һݣëٿȻľԣ·ٵ
׺ȻЩʶԼĸо棬ȥãһȥã
ǱܵĸоֱܣѾʮˣǴ˿ǻԼǰ׶ȥΪĻߣʲôõطԵĲǣ
״ûһֲĸоһƺʹʮӴһ㣬п־ǳ
һҲһļµ
£ײˣֱӵĴĻſ˻Ȼٿʥ䣬Ѹٵ뿪
ֻǴ˿̣ҪȥȴǱһεԼֹ֮š
оɲ֪Ѿ벻ˣ΢΢Щͳȴûоʧ롣
ǱֻҪ㹻ĳ̶ȣȹ٣뿪ˡ
֪ĻΣ֮Գãǿʥ䶨ڴ˴ȴʥһռ
һαȽʱ䣬Ȼ޷ѹ쬵ĸооҲ֮ǰĻߵʱôԡ
ʥ˺ܾãŸӦЩˣȻʵˡ
Ⱥˣڻˡ
׸Ӧ棬֮ɫɫҲĺ䣬ǰޣȻһᣬ֮ǰƺûʲô
˵ģȻѾ֪˰ץ顣
׸Ӧһ£ȻŭȻǹԼǱģҲװġ
֮ѪҲֻаºͷظߣŮᣬȴѾˡ
ѪѧģȻ;Уʲô޸ɱˡ
Ǻۺ⪺ͷ۵һˡ
ۺ⪱ߵ˲࣬·ٹȻҲˡ
ûм·٣׺Ȼ뵽Ļ֮дһĶǣëȻĲҽС
׵ʮһˣǲûд󰭣ȽǱӣǶúϻ󷨲ܱһޣһֶĵֶΣֻЩܹ˿ͷ
ˣȻͬǱȻõĶˡ
аЩȻܴ죬ڸԵǰǱֳʮַߺ޵ģֱֳһ˵ģڹļơ
֪Щʵ϶Ѿްװ˲Ϊ˵жѡ
Щ֮Ϊ治ĶȽϽ֮ǰʱ˵õ֮ģ˿Ҳԥʹá
ʵʵ˰֮⣬ȻǿģңսףΣվûзϣޱȵɽһۣ̤˲ӡ
ע⣬ɽйŹ֣
൱ʰ˵
Ŀһо˸붴Уʲô塣
ͬʱûһɾ⣬һϢ
ɫһ䣬ʱǶשϵ֣˲ȥӦˡ
ߣߣ뿪
ɫʮֱ࣬ӴͰ޵
˿̣ǿװǱҲװˣһ𰽺ޣͬһ𣬼˲ıϷ
˿̣ѪǸһԲתߣʹѪ΢΢һ㶣漴ĿͶʯһķζϣʱͫ׵Ŵ
ãĻߣ
Ѫɫ䣬תӣ
׵۵ˣһ㶺󣬾ǳȥ
˿̣ʲô붼ˣֻԽԶⶴԽã
ֻɲǼ䣬׵۵׼뿪ʱȴǷ֣ʵɫҰ׵վʮҵĸߴȻѾȥˡ
֮£ʰҺͰఽޣԼѪˣ
ÿˣ˿ɫѿ
о֮Ļ֮Уʱɢһɹɵ쬵֮ÿֵ֮ʱ򣬰ڣɫҪ԰׼֡
û뵽νĵˡ
˵
ôطȴֵ̫ˡ
ȻǱƵģʱ̵ʱɵὫȫɽȥʱʣµģֻ۵İ׹ˡ
Ѫ
˿̣׵۵ˣû˵
ǳȻͳŵĿ¡

Ļ֮УȻһҺһȺ˵ģҲ͵
Һ֮֮ǰѪʱĲҺ֮ɱʹĲҽУ
Ѫɫü˵ѿʣҲᵽĺ
û뵽ԭĺĽĻߣȻôĳǵǰΣʵ̫ʧ㡣ʴ˿̲̾Ϣ
֮Ҳƣһ̣ĸ̾ûʲôŪ٣Ҳûжթֻǳһ˲ֵ顣
⣬֤εı˲ã룬εıڿԿ򣡡
Ѫ˭Լ⻰Ҳ
ĻٴεĲҺȥĻһ˭˭ͱˣʲô취׵ɫͬʮѿ˵

Щ̸׵ɫҲˣҲпռ䷨װ˵ģƷɣûаգԼô죿
ײΪԼĲҽĻ֮УϾеĺ⣬ǿңϢ


256 ֮
ʮرЩ˵̸ףĻߣһ֮ء
ңƺʱᴫĳ˵Ĳҽ֮һҽ֣֮ôǸˣҲǱɵġ
Ѫɫʮأÿ˶ϣֵĲҽУ˶Լģ£ôʮˣÿ˳ֲҽеĿԣǶʮ߷֮һԡ
ʼ˲仯ǿ״̬˿̣ȻȻʵȴҲսǿ״̬ͬģѪ˷׷Դ˼ŶԲߡ
ȥʼ˭ȲҽУܻȫ⣬Ⱥ⣬ˣǳȥƿķֻ»һ
ʳ
ȻԸ⣬Ǻԣûа취֮еõİ취ˡ
һҳڣһΣջûͬЭ
Ѫͬͳ˵
ãΣҺûκʺѪɵʲôҪģֻҪȥͷ¶޻˵۴˿൱ϡ
ߵ£Ҳͬģ
ȷʵⰵҹأǽĻߣû뵽ײÿҲûʲôҵ
Ҳҷ޳ֵһݣ˴˿ʮص˵
׵ͬʮ泤ϣҲԴ׵۳
ʱĻڶſڣȻһ磬˶ɴ˸ս
ţһľĻ֮дһ֮Ĳҽ֮Ǳһ꣬޷һ㣬ĲҺ
׵ʮ泤֮һ׾ŵ
ԭѾվѧ߲ԶŴԴ׾ţɫȻò
Ȼ䣬ڵĻߣ׾ͬһ㣬˻һȻڵϣ
ͬڷˮĻ㣬Ȼƴţţʹģʵǽľ֮
״ʹײɶһ
׵Լ׵ߵŴϣ׵ĲҰֽˡ
š
һǺģһʮʮֵܣһڶֵܰôʹţۿҪȥ
һ۾ˣֵܸ飬ĳ̶ȿ
ңԼֵܣǰ˵ʹ࣡
㾳磬һʹ࣬˷ˣÿв͸ˡ
ʲôĥģƺҪһֱĥȥ˻ʹ֮ʧ
һȥˣһеĳҧǶѪ˿

һһһ׾ŵԴնһֱڵ׾ţð죬նԴ壬ֹͣ˶
ȻǹԴϣƽĵõѵģ˵ģһεĺ͸
硪
һϡ
ʮ˷׷ͨ죬׵Ҳ𺳺βѡ
̾һڻңһػ磬Ȼȥ
׾ŵǴ̼ǰˡ
׵ȴƽһ˵ҳٽɱ
һһһɲĸоӿͷȴݺݵĵ˵ͷµҲҲ붯֣
׵Ҳͬĺݺݵ˵ͷ
Ƭ̣ʵˣ˽ߵˡ
׵µʮ泤ϣЩλ߶ʮģ棬ʮڶħ磬˸ҳһ
ǿˣĻ߸ѡк󣬾ʹˣһ㣬û˲ĺġ
Է׷׼һĳ⣬ߵˣҪ̳֣
ʱÿ˶Ϊܵõһ򵥶Ѿһˡ
еĴͬʮִ󣬶׾ŲҺʱ˵ָо׵˵ëȻĸо
´棬˵Ĳ࣬
ȻˣЩм䣬ػ棬ʱЩ˿š
ң˶࣬Ͼ׳
գ㣬Щ˵м䡣
˱漴ѡ֮⣬ǰйȱģȻס
˵֮УʿʼΪԼڵ˲·֣ĻŲ̫ȴҲܲˡ
һһţγţʮˣպһǰ·˸պúʡ
ǰʣ֮Ѫɵۡࡢۺ׵ˣʮˡ
׻㣬Щ˵Ŀǰֵķ϶š
ʼӳ˷ѪҲʼӳԼǿķ㣬Ȼǰÿ˶ӳһ㣬һ㣬ʵ˶ʮ߲㡣
˳ѡ̤ӣסеǿҵĲĻߡ
ʵĽ룬һɱĸоģǽغ֮һ㣬ǹ⣬жʮ߲ķ㣬޼¡
ʵٴһʮֲֿĸоô˶ڣ׺ҧʥȥ
ͬһ͸ĸоôǿңôĺ
棬һƬĿʴӣӾƺҲȻʧһûЧ
Ļû˸ҺҵĺҲʧȥá
ŶһƬĿռ䣬ֻǿ˵εĿ־塣
˽ÿ˶о⣬ʹͷ꣬û֨
ʱûƶҲûؿֻĬĬվţһ˴ͷûж˾ᶯ
Ҳʱʶų̽ʲôȻò˵ʶʮֵ˵á
ǣԼǿʶȣ׸ԼıܵĸӦ
𽥵İϢȴԵ
ϰ֮ԼģѾԿŸоƶˣΪԼĵĹΣʹһƬĻߣȫĿ
ʵ̫ĲأֻǴ˿ȴǲ֪ܾطЩ֡
˼ţ׺Ȼܵƺڴ
ٿһĹ㸽ڰ޵ϣȻȴǽʥڶռ䡪ڤռ䡣
֮׺Ȼоһֱĸо
Ϊ̬Ĵڳ׾Ȼо˼ڤ
֣Ȼ׵ǰͬĹĳ׵ߡ
׶ⶴߣһڤռɣ֪ܲܽڤ磿ڴ˵
ȻʥһܺԼİ֮һ𣬵£ܽڤ磬ȻҲͲҪƴĳϦˡ
Ĺ˿ҲĿڴĵǰ磬ҿطȻΣգֻǻܽأĻ̫֮ǿˣ
Ļߣֻǲô򵥰̾˵Žʵ˵̸˵˳
ЩĹüͷͬʱ
û˵ĻߣĹȴǶɽ֮£ʵ̫ˡ
ɫҲɱЩ԰׶ѿ
Ĺļҿ˵Ķʵ˲̽һ£ʵʵӦò׵ĸĻ߸ɵġ
ңҲȷʵĻЩ⣬ֻһʱ䲻֪ʲôطְˡ
ĹﲻʲôæֻõǴСģϧʵǿȻ
ⲻʵ⣡ĹĻʵʵǿҲʮּɵҵĿ⿴ȻĻߣֳĻ˵ΪĻ׼ġ
һԴȻһ
ǰѹĻߣרŶԸ꣡ⲻǻ齵ĵطô
ȻлڣȻ
ڵĵطԻ̵̬Ź֣
׺ȻЩףĻߵôһطˡ
£ڤռһ󷨣Ȼڤ֮Լǰ˽ȥ
һУ׹ȻоȻ˲١
ֱӵڤռ䣬ײٿʥ
˿̣ڵĿռ䣬ȻԭβƵĶʮ߲㣬Ȼȫ𶯺ͿռŤŤ


257 淴ռ
˿̵ĸоƺֲ״̬̬Ĵƿʥ䣬׷˲١
ȻΣա
ռŤʮֲơ
ſռŤּûκεã˲ˡ
ʵ޲ɫ䣬Ӧ㵱һɺɫɵˡ
һжʮˣûκεķֱ֮ӵıɫͬڶһ㣬˽ȥ
ʥЩм䣬Ȼͬ޷⡣
ȴоõⲢһҲ˵Ⲣǽʵȶʮɱ
֮УȻųԼʶӦȵƬ̺ʥû𶯵ʱȻĸӦ˳ȥ
һӦ׶ʱֵüյĸоΪȻڵĵطѾĻޱȵĿռˡ
ǻеĿռ䣡
ֻǣȻɽˮ㣬ȴһֺܹĸо
޷˵оһֹ죬׾Լƽ
˿̣ʰҵһˣӿռˤ£׷ͬʯͷĺڵϣӲ֮ɫ棬˳ص΢֮
ţһȺʹƺ֮
ûаеȥֹ̽ĵطʲôطֻܿЩǶϵĸָԼ·
һֱٿʥ䣬ڰ޵ս׵ϣûκ˷֡
ȻƺԼ֪ԼȻҲܴѶ
Ⱥ֮УȺʲôֶΣȻȫı

ʵһˣٵĶӿˤ£˵ˣûʲôԪЩֻܿҩݺҵĻָָһʱ䵹Ҳ
ʵǿޱȣȻɫĵӲ֮ڱڶɵӿˤȻûʲô󰭡
Ѫħߣħ֮ˣҲʮֵǿҲû̫ܵ˺
˿̣ڵϣŸйɵΧŵˣλֻǺ뿪ˣѵãʮֵô
˵ˣͰ޶ûнӻ˺ǳصı飬ȻҲù
ʵϣӼĻ߿ʼûָŻ뿪ˡ
ȡһ£ÿ˻ǻȡģڣڴǰÿ˶˽ĺͳһ
ѪѾû֮ǰǲһģ̾˿ռ䣬Ҹ˵ĸоһƬõĻþ֮УֻɽˮµأռĹâʵԵĳ̶ȣʵ̫ˡ
ͬıȽϵͳĵҪǣռ䣬Ҹ˸оģһɽȻͬĸо
۵Ļһٴε˳Ĭ
۵Ļʹ˳˼Ƕ׶ԣɵƺץסʲôĸо
Ȼͷ΢΢һݣ뵽ǺĵӳȻˮ硭
ѵֻһʵ磿Ҳǵӳռ䣿
һ֣׼ʮܵĸӦΧЭĻ
ȻһжǱһģȫǷģ
ԭĿռ䣬ӡƽ澵֮һ
ϸ˼һ׶ʱԽĿ϶ôˡ
ţ׼ĸӦʵ˵Ķ
ֻ׵ۺȻĸоҶӦйӦûʮֵǿҡֻһ淴Ŀռ䣬ôȻģǱȫ֮Уܣ٣벻ˡ
ԼѪĬĬĵ˵ͷɫҲӵĳˡ
ʵ˵ͷһص֮ǰ޷ڵ쳣ܵĸоܿѾɽˡ
ɽ磿
Ѫа¡ػкۺ⪵˾Ǿ
ûʲôϣֻҪɽ緶Χռ䣬ܹôϣģˣ߻бɢϣѾɽķΧˣôһУ군ˡ
˵Ļʲôûˣ꣬Ҳˡ
죬ʲôҲû˵
һֱĬİޣȴǺȻоһȻֱӵĽӡʱ˸
˴󾪣Ҳʱж¶˷ȫĶŰޡ
ȻҲЩη˹ķ˷ܣ˰ҺͰࡣ
΢΢һ㶣漴
֪йķȴûй
Ѫ׵۵Ȼ䱸ǳͬʱִջ
ⰽҳ˼Ƭ̣ȴȻû˵
Ѫͷˣüͷһ壬һɱŵɷʱɢ˿
ʣδ㶮˹Ҫ˵ɣѵΪƾ֮뿪ﲻɣѪʵ˵Ľ鱾ǲģ˿˹ɣȴ䲻˵Ȼʹзŭ֮
׵ۺͺ۴˿ȻȫվѪһߣ͵´һҪıŽᣬϣʲҪֻʱĺô
۵˶󣬶ΣأһˣЭķأز˵ûʲôҪԪӤըġ
ҲһҶϣôҵˡ
۵ĻȻŵв˵Ҳʵ顣
˻һʱ׵ۺͷһ˾ǽкȻǺֺ֧۵ġ
֮Բ˵Ҫǰ㷽йֲ֮׽ǷĸӦ
ָӦֻ˵õĵطռ棬ֻҪԼܹõ
ֻǣ˿̲˵ⷽǵЩ˳ֵĻ
Ƭ̣ЦҲʲô˲õ飬һַзѣǽеĹһ෴
ɫ΢΢Щ䣬ӹ˵Ҳͻ룬ռһжǷĶ뵽ģû뵽ֻⷴķʵ죬ҲȷǲԸǣϾǵܲס

Щ˵һкĺȻ
Ȼ䣬׵ռôˡ


258 ֶ
õĻ֮أ֮ͨǰһжϣ֪طһҪ֮
ⶫһʮĶȻԳȥƲ⡣
һ㣬ټʵ˵ĻױѾˡ
˿̣Ȼˣǿһ׼ˣԼȻ׼ⱳȸ
ʥ仯ϸСĹ㣬Ȼ˰޵֮ԭɫսףʮ
ϸ΢İɫ棬ûͻأĸоȫûκβף
ϵĵεĻҳһ㣬κ˵ӡ
ʥ޵ϣܸоܿ죬оõǿҲоƽ£еļ
һУ׶ȫķУĹûиߡ
Ȼռ䣬һѰġ
ײ֪ЩΪʲôûбĻɱȻţЩ˻Ӧÿ԰ȫ뿪ġ
ʱֻЦȻҶ÷ˣǱָ·ƾ°գ
Ѫã˴ζˣǣ
˵վ뿪
Ѫһߣʱغа¶ʱҲ˹ȥ
ҲٶԣͬͰͬʱǰȥ
׵ۺۺͷ΢΢ɣղĿһۣȻҲѸٵĸ
Ȼÿ˶ӦǰзϢ
һϢ

£ⰽ϶⣡ЩƮĵѪ
һŮˣѪŮˣҲ£ʵͬǾżɵۣĪ⣬ǱѪʵȴҪɡ
һֱ侲ϲŭɫϲôһҺɫһսף޳С¶ţԳġ
ⲻǰ࣬ʵֻڰ֮ϣɴ⣡ңĴзһֱûгֲֹʲôô
Ѫֱڷ˵мᡣ
ǰ϶ţһݣ
ߵǷɶ԰ľ裬УǧҪΪֻǰ˼ɵۣҿʵѾͻƾżɵˡ
Ѫ
زԣ漴а½ʲô
а΢΢һ㶣˰ıӰһۣŷص˵ͷ
аһԴǶŮˣӱѪȺһĸѪ
˿̣ȴѪ˵£㲻Сɽ׵ۺͷС
Ǻǣа£ΣҲˣСģǺۣĻʵҲ㿴ģԶʵ
ңѪҲӲκεˣǸһֱǵˡ
Ѫ˵
аһݣ˭
Ѫ֪ܸӦһֱ˼ţо̫ǿˣƺǵĿ⣬һֱѲţţҲ᲻֪
Ѫֱа˵
һ˵µ뵽һˡ
аɫ΢
˭
ף
ѪԭʼٵķУ˿̺Ȼһ㶣漴ɫ仯˺üΡ
СӣҹȻˣô˱׵ɱҲˣĻߣûĲҽУ
Ѫص˵
ȻУʶڸ˸֪
ؼ˱ȻأȻҲ˷
ҿ϶֪£û˵Ȼ֮УӦûһļ󣬱ʵУǶ÷ȻƴܾˣȻ׵֡
ߣǸɴ࣬һϷǣ˭˲֪ǵĴзǿռ䷨ԶУ
ֻҪУûвȻɽᣬŻ֣ȻȻƣȻúݶļƲߣ
ѪЩĳ
ʲ˵ôزʵΪˣ˵ӦǺġ
᣿ߣʱɱڣ˭֪ߣⲻǰ׵İˣϼ޻ΪĿĲֶΣ˲֪Ѫ֪䣬ֶδħܼ
ߣǵֶΣȫԸɽȻǿеģʱթˣɱĺãȻ󽫼ƾͼƣѲǵʵɣаЦ
УУԴˣѪƣӲǶԸ˲žżɾ磬ʵܲǿ֪˲ŷʮ꣡
ʮꣿ
غа¶ǵһ˵ģҲǺݺݵһ
ʮ˾żɣٶȣǳֲģ
ǵģʮ꣡ң֮ǰڰҹ֮ıԵ˳ˣһˣʼգûжһ£Ǹˣʵֲģ
Ѫɫмء
֮ǰǴҶΣվأûа취Э񣬲Բܵõǳ֮ķÿˣȻ뷨ġ
غа±Ҳ
ʵϣ˴û뵽˵ĸȻѾ뵽֮صĶ࣬񡭡
Σ˶Сз֣мƲߣҲУ۸ʡ͵ĵƣֵܣֵܻûֹ
Ѫص˵
Ǳ£ô죿аºͷزɵˡ
˶թһ໥Ƶ£Ҫ÷Ȼȫ뿪ǳ˵һ㣡
ѪŵȻ֪ЩȻӦЩ֮ǰʾȻʧܣ¶˲֪ǵʵ
Ѫޣߺߣкξ壡Ǿưɣ
Ѫޣ
аºͷز̲ס˳˱Ȼʮ侲ʲôûбֳȴǾ졣

Ѫһ໥ƣֵҲûš
һ˺׵һʮˣҲǲš
ÿϣŵ򶨵Цݣƺʤһǵһ
ֻпŰ޵ףȻãռ䣬ᱬҵսơ


259 թ
ԼľεʮֵĲ򵥣ΪӰ޹ʧʼҺͰ˾ԵӦӦĮȻ֪ģ
侲Ȼ̫ͷˣЩʵ
ײɵӣ֪Щɵۼĸ֣ûһ˼Ϲǻֶη棬ԶԶ˼˿Աġ
ȻʱȷʵܳǺȴϵ
ǰļϵƣҲԼܵģ٣ǰЩ򶨵ĹͷһȺˣֱܵԣʱЩס
뵽Щ˶ʮַḻս׵ģ͵һԼˡ
ûɵӣ׻̫СЩˣ
ţͷȴǷٵתʼ˼Ϊܵ
ʱǰĿռݺݵһȻһɺɫĻһ˳жʱҲЩ𺳡
Ƕƺ󣬺Ȼ㽫ǰİҡͰ˽ȥ
ɫͬһ㱬ը˿ͬҹҹ֮е̻ʢһţȻΡ
ǹʵʮֵǿ˵á
ݣȻоЩԾ뵽Լ˼⣬ȻЩȻʵĸо
ʱЩˣ֮ǰ϶ĻڣѾܿ϶ˣΪ˵ļѾ֤ʵһƣѾʼˡ
ԼսԿ˵ķģһʼʱ򣬾͸ףԷͼȻԣжڷ
ʰңȻʹĺֶΣȻԼ䵱Ļȸ
ͷ΢΢Щأ֪˰ȴһ֪һƱزԼδ֮ǰ֣Էڱ͵Ϯ֪ȫûӦԵ
ʱ׺Ȼ뵽ӦôڵĴзҲӵĿ϶Ӧһʥһ޶Ŀռ䷨
ǣԺ֮пʼٵ
ȻӦ֪ԼһУôԼʧʱȥЩټ٣ʵʵ̽һ¡
ռ䷨޷ͬпռĿռ䷨ڡѡ֮ǰѾ˰޵촦׿϶֪ǲʩչơѡ
ˣ׾ʱʧ
ңΪʶЩǿ׾ȳ֣ԼֵƣЩ˵ƶȫգ
û˭뵽ʵ˻Ȼȳ֣֪ÿ˶бֶΣ֣ѾûκεĻᣬһԼȳֵĻε飬еĿˡ
׻ɫĹʥȻʧˡ
һ̣׵ˡ
̬Ƭռ䣬ֻоޱȵʡ
һ׶ʱȫǿȻǵӦ֣ңһ̣Ҳ漴ųˡ
ĵģһϲ֪ѾصĵھŲˣжʱҲ˲١
ĹȻʵϣûǿķȻǿ󣬵޷ʵ˶Կ
ֵͬģ˿꣬ǽ꽣ǣʮֵǿ
ͬȴǱ׵ֶθΪĪ⣬ԼĹ죬޷֪ˡ
׶Щ˻ţӦ緢ˣҪģɴ⡣
ĵ˵º͵ĳ׵С
ͷ΢΢һȣʦʼͽȷʵˣΣթͽȻͨˣЩ˸ֶΣ˭Ըȥһǻġ
Ц
ƽЦ׶Ǽʶ̫ǳȷʵǻӣǲһֵȸ˲䳷ŷ֮ǰȥһ֣Ĺսֵ֪Ĵ㣬ԹӦթġթơ
ȻӦļ
ͬģ룬Ȼ˺ܻܿϺļƣȵ֣ɹĿԱɣҪ֪Ȼʦ֪ʲôӦÿĥ˵굽ȥĵزģһϿлˣ˹ֶΣ
΢΢һʱвϵȻԼȷʵˣ
ʹȻݶڹʲԼ
˰أıֶεʵϼһ治ʲô׶ԸĶ֡
üͷһ̣ȷʵЩ̻̲
ʰҵֶⰽͰޣɵǲ򵥰֮ǰ֪ǹװļġ
ֻǣΪʲô˶ùʱ򣬲ȥɱѪˣԼͽ
Ȼ䣬뵽ЩǣԼǻǣƣ̽·
ʻһᱦڱǰȫ״̬ǰ϶棡
Ҳ˵֮ǰΣգᱻЩ˿
ȫͨ͸⣬漴ˡ
ѪǺúŪ𣿺ûֶɽݺ겻£ǧʱ䣬ۺ׵κͺѪƽƽ
ÿ˶ֶΣǿ˭ֶκʵðˣ
ЩأԼȥôͶ˼ˣԽ˼ݵԽԽࡣ
ֶΣǼԼѹˣֻʵˣŻḽӹ켣ӳɹĿԣǣǶԣһеֶΣȲʵʵ
ʦֱɱǷڵؼɣѾ֪ǵĲֶΣҲȡȻͽȾɥ
ıֶΣʵǰƣ
׵ǣʦ˵ĶԣͽӵŬģ
˵ͷ㲻ٶԡ
˵ȴ˲һ㣬֪׵ʶΧܹ㣬ֻǸ׵
Ϊ״̬˸ӵеƣٿزǵӦ֣Ƭ̣ųѪһˣȻһԶԶĺ󷽡
ͬʱ׵ʧҲƺȫĸˣҲҪʼݷˡ


260 Ͼż󷨡
ı沢˵ľ֪Ϊ֮һ¼ɣֱʧƺ֤ʵǵơ
˭֪ڤ꣬Զƿأʮֵƫƫռ䣬ٿأν淴ٿأӵǿ
˳֮£֪ԼļѾ㹻Ͱսˣ죬ȻˣٳΪĶ֡
ؼȻҪǴзǿȡ
Щʵ˲Ƶ뵽׻εͷ
ǶڷĸӦ׺˼ÿζ˲ҵľ룬ĻǰʲôΣգжӷӦʱ䡣
Ȼ֪ͷڷڵĵطݷȱƽơ
Ϊٶȵԭ׽Щ̫࣬ţʱЩ׷ԼʦƿƣȻ·󷨡
ֻǿϧΪ׶磬ǲֲ
˵ٶȣߵʱԽбԽǸˣ˲ƵٶǰʱԽôµʱͻԽʤİձԽ
һʮʱһޱȵɽµĶʱ׺춼Цˡ
һġĻߡ
Ȼʮֵգֻĸоȫķˡ
ңⷴġĻߡȻֻһڣĺðˡ
׵ȻһЦڽȥǿʼƷԪʯȻԪʯ࣬ǴӰѳĿռָԪʯ״һʡ
ֻܲƷİ˼󷨣󷨣ɱԶԸɵˣҪɵ۱ԭȻʮֵѣ£ôһڣû·󷨷ڣһߺߡ
׵ȻһЦȻٵĽеڤԪڿռ仯һĲ
ɱǱѪɷǿɱ󣬱׵ʵЩԲãæͲˡ
ɱģֲó۵Ѫɷ
Ȼ޷ϰ˼Ʒ󷨣ʹΪżƷ󷨣Ѿˡ
ɱֻҪȥˣȻɱЩˣǻĵһƤǿԵġ
ңս֮Ϊϲ
Щ˵ģվһߣǸһ˿οЦ⡣
ЩǲҪģҪЩҳֱ֣Խ֮㣬Щ˺ȻȡЩ˵ԪӤԼ
˽ʤǿֶΣû̫Լ⡣
ĵӣǺõӣô
ȻʱЩЩΪǣҲˣкܴĽĿռ䣡
׺˷ܵúЩ֮Ȼ޷ϣССϵõġ
ʩչֶοʼϵЩǣĹ֮У׽ԭĸ󷨵ľ飬֮б㿪ʼи
һִŶĽչıܣ׻Ȼȵֵʱ󷨣Ȼ˴롣
ľ棬ʹ
һüޣüͷ־ǧ򻯣ֻܼͣĲӰڿз衣
к𾪣Ȼ֪Ѿѧ˰˼Ʒ󷨣Ǵ˿̣Ҫĸһİ˼Ʒ֮еļƷѶȡ
ҲסˣȻɫѾʼ԰ףûгְָԪϣҲûʲô취԰ס
ʱ֪⸴󷨵ĸӺǣһҪȫĸۻɲĵĸ󷨵ĵӵϸ㣬ӦǡĵĴηĴηĴηƵ㷨
ϣĸ˼Ʒ󷨵ķϣõ£Լ4256ηϣԿ˼ż֮ǰĹǶôĴ
ǣ˿׵ĸԵĲǿ߼ƷϵĸѾʮֵ˵ã˼ϵʵԸϡ
ֻײԸŻѪĻ˽ʱѪĽ󷨸ˡ
εĸϣױǵľ޴󷨾顣
󷨸ˣǼ򵥵ľżƷ󷨣żƷ󷨣׺ϧ
һģﵽ˼Ʒ󷨣ٳƷ󷨵ʱ򣬸ϵһǾųɵĸʳΪżƷ󷨣ĸ˼Ʒ󷨸ϣȴֻһżƷ󷨣
вر⣬Ҳ㹻ˡ
󷨣ʵʵԱƽ⣬Ҫʵƽ⣬ţǸһʱ䣬ʶ
ֻӲ
濴ֻǰ˼Ʒѡ
˼Ʒ󷨣ЩˣҲֻЩΣնѣܵˣûں
ǾżƷ󷨣ȴɱżˣ
Щˣһȥɱ󣬱ɣ
ȻƷϵķȻˡ
ţЩȻŹԼҿԼȶ˷󷨣һǿģʱʲôԶ
˿ĳҲһɨ⣬󷨳ɹţǿҵĳġ
꾳磬ڷ󷨵ʱ򣬲䣬ͻżɵƿһɵľ硣
֪ԼҲԳǵľˣ
ǣԼڴѾõľ簡һ־ת۵㣡
ǾȵĿһۣȻǱ޴󣬿ΪʦҲҪŬˣܣΪʦԼ֣ȥˮĻᡣ
΢΢һЦʦͽ
ײû󷨣Ǵ촩֮󷨵תȻˡĻߡ֮С
ĸоֱͬӺͱɵĸоо׿ȷʵôļС
ӹһЦĿ⽻ӣһЦȻ̤ǰȥ
˿̣һĹӰ˷ĻǰȻȻһ£дһͳˣСȳˣ
Ȼʵġ
ߣǻĲͷˣ
Ȼǰ


261 
͸󷨣Ȼ˿̺ȻһЦ˾¶м֮ɫ
ˣûİ֪޷ĺʿ⣬ڣǸϵľżƷ󷨲ɱױѾȫĲˣʣǵӲɣֻŪ㣡
ȻֵģǰڷŭȻҲɵûпǾż󷨣һ˼Ʒ󷨣ǶԸ׵Ľ롣
׺ķĻ֮󣬱ֱӵǰţȻȷʵΣգ̬û̫Ĳ
ռͬŢ֮Щǰ֮⣬û̫
ϵǰŤߣܿ죬׺һİĿտĿնĿռ䡣
һ޴ķĹһһ޴ġʮʹ
ܶɫǽڣ̧ͷͷһƬãȻĺɫʲôûУҲʲô
ǰһڰ޷ϣ棬ƺжζ
׺ʱͬʱվˣǺɫϣû˵
Ƭ̺߰ɣӦûΣգȥ
׵˵ͷ
ֱƿϣϷĳεĴ׽
ϱƿ˲䣬ɢһɴ۵Ĺââ䵽׺춼ͬʱĸܵҪͱɵĸоֻоһţĲ
׺ɫӦɫĹâ֮˲ŷ֣ⲻɽһɫâһ޶Ĺâô
âһŽɫһĶյƯǰһϣѾͺһȻĵһ㡣
ĳ׺춼Щ𾪣Ȼ˺ܶѣȴû뵽ô׵ľͼ顣
˶ЩȴΪΣմڣ˶û
׶Ϊʦȥҵġص˵
׵ͷʦҲģԽͷԽΣա
΢΢ͷСĵ˹ȥ
̣ͬûκεΣա
һڤԪȻһѷǵɫϣ뽫ù
Σղûзӣȴ˿
˼ΣȷʵûΣգȷʵòˡ
ԭԴףҲ֮
춼òʲôõĶѵǲҪڤԪã
ʦòͬñá˵
ûд𻰣ǺȻ׵ĻԲͬȡӣȻЩС
׶ﲢûΣգԿΪʦⷨԵɿ֣˵
ðɡ״Ӧ˹ȥ
վһԡ
˸Žɫâӣһеĸо⣬ǻûˡ
еŻ飬Ȼķϣ׼ֱӵķ׵ġ
һ󼤶죬ȴЩɵۡ
׵ĺ׸о궼һ궯һ˵ĸо
ǵҪ񻯷һĸо
궯ԽԽˣǣҲԽԽǿ
мЩ֪룬죬׵ʦʥ䣬ˣ
һæ˫ĿѾʼѪɫĹ⣬ʱ㲻ԣʥ֮С
뿪׵Ϳ

һȣеĻ貣ʱȻһصĹâ

âΧ֮У׸оȻɱ䣬ɱ䣬ǿ֮ǿ𺳣
ľ粢ûֱ̫࣬ʣ׿Ըоٴεɱ˺ü㡣
ȫڽɫĹâ֮Уʶ֮УҲ̫ѶϢӱľŴϢ
ԭ飬һӵʱܷͻһ귨Ʒεκһ֣
ǽǿһһӣʹûʵȴһϣⱾʲΣɻ꣬һǿֲģ
Ϊֲʱʱ䲢Ҽķ
꽫̱ĳ״̬
飬Ȼ顣
֮еںϣеã̶Ⱥһ׵ȫϡ
ҲıᣬֱӲٿ꣬ںϣ˾ֶǿԼûκߡ
Ƭ̣飬״ֳȻ״̬˻Ҳһѣûʲô޴ģ˺Ҳ
ȡ飬ҲܸоԼǰĲһˣ꣬ʼЩƮƮĸо
ңҲܸоԼǿˣʵϣȷ棬ȴûκԵľ
ƽϢٴεĽʥ˳˵¡
൱ˣһ󷨱ȥȺˡ
ԭ·أ͵Ҳûˣɵ
ⷴĻſڣ˿üվһȺˣǷһ˿΢Ц
üͷģһֱŵʡ
׵ĿɨȻķ֣ԼŵҲƵü
ѵǶԷٿ
ϸһԱߵİ࣬Ҳˣң˿̣һȴСĵڿռ֮УûŪκϢ
һۣλñ鶼˳ͬʵΪȣҲȫĿ˳
ң׻ֲķ֣׵ۣǾżɵۣһɢ
кۣƺһֲֿɱ
һ֪ԼȴȫĳЩˣԶԷʵԼˡ
оɲͬʱԭ˿ҲҡԼ뷨
ҲֱӽʥȥҲ﷢ʲô
ѾƷԪʯĴ˼Ʒ󷨸ϵ󷨣㹻еתꡣ
Ҳ¶ԷͲסįȥ
ȥˣɢûµԭҲɡ


ʮһ ޵


262 ɵǵĩգ1
ڤռ䣬׺߱˵ʮֺá
绷ΣʥڲһңκҲ޷ƿʥķڲ֮ء
״˿ֻ׼ޣͬʱ׸ܵ˽꾳Ķ֪л뽣ؾ磬֮磬ȻʮֵļȲҪ
ıϣЩɵɢҲ˲ˡ
˵ĵȻĹʮֵĸˣһµܹ鲻ʲô¡
߶ʱ仹УǳõȥٶȻ죬ȴԳܣЩƵĸо
ֵЦ̸˺üʱȻŸ
һΣĹʵѾȵĳףͬвʣȻǾҪŬͻ⽣ǵľ硣
ӻ꽣Ԫǵĵһ㣬̣ʮѵġ
Ͼһ蹵ô׵ͻƵģ
׼ףҲģ֮󣬿ʼϵ
ͷβȻÿһ㾳ϵССȱݵḶ́ʵǺķʱָ̬֮ƽͣһ򱶵ʱʹãȻġ
ֻ֪д˻һвȶķչԵκθͻƵĹؼ
ʮʱ䣬ǰĹȫƣſʼŽǵľ
Ǿ磬ͽ꾳ĲͬǽǾ磬ҪõģѾڽ꣬нǡ
Ҳǲ꣬ǡ
ǶóȥʹãһˣɼԵĳ̶ȡ
ħ磬ĴˣȻǻԵģ֪ڤռ䣬˲ͬڤռ䣬ĴˣֻҪǿ޸ġ
ŵ㣬ʹ׸ˣʹýǳ֣Ҳ̫ڵġĽˡ
ʼͻơ
ϵ飬˿̴֮з˳ɢɫĹâĹâ֮У׷֣ٶȣ˽ʮ

һϾŴ󣡡
׵۳ãڿ˵
ѾʮˣٵȥˣһԷõǷȻˣôҪѶȣֱ޷
׵ҲһֱŵʺͰˡ
ʮ꣬ģ治һĺã
׵Ҳ֪ޣѾɱˡ
ֹǰޣµǧѩˣ֮󣬲Ƭ̣Һһˡ
֮󣬱ٸ̤֮ˡ
ǣ£һص
ȻѸٵֵͬܲҪϺϻ󷨣ǿ
һ֮΢΢һЦ֣³졢ԡ˶ʱҲϳһ˺ϻ󷨣󷨣˵ȫȻ󷢻󷨵һٷĹ
ֵܱ֤ƿǰȳ֮Σ˵
ѪҲһ֮Ѫ˿Ҳˬ˵
аºͷص˹ͬʹϵĺϼ󷨣εĳ
Ϊûţֻƾǰļγܴݻ󷨡
䣡
һݺݵĺϣ󷨿ռݺһȻȻ
䣡
µĵڶȴǲ˲٣ǻʹֺݺݲһ¡
䣡
аºͷǾżɵۣϳֵȴҲֻ׵µһ޼
ֺݺݵһ󶯵
׵۱˲ʵԡżɵۡǿʵһݺݺ淢ϡ
͵һŤ
ͬʱҲֱӲһУҲǾľżɵ۵ȫһ
䣡䣡
󷨱εδָ֣ȫһ
أ
ŤĿ£ǻûбƿ
ѪЦһеѪԪӤѪʹ˳
ꡪ
Ѫ޺ɨǧһ㣬ݺݵ󷨳ȥȫŤˣΪŤĿռλ轵ѪͷݺݵһԪը
һ󷴵ءһʼѡ
ڴ˿̣˼ٴε˲󷨿ʼˡ
Ѫ󷨣ˣȴǲϵԪը󷨡
ȻǿҲֹĹ
ֹ֮󷨡أһˡ
ͬʱʺͰ˻Ӱûоκˣһ뷴Ļ֮С
Ѫ׵۵ˣǲͬʱ˲˷Ļߡ
첻ͬЩ˳뷴Ļ֮ȴͬһ㣬ǰУĴڣ֮󣬼ֱǷ˼ġ
ײֻ֪Ҫû뿪ⷴĻ߿ռ䣬ͬûбһȻγɵĽȻڵġ
Ĳˡ
ȻһĻ֮УʺͰǿϣһ㣬ʮ־ϲ˵ٻûбߡ
һڿռʮּѵţÿһôļѡ
˿̣ʥڲռ䡣

³һɫĲ˿
ʮˣڽǵľȶҲﵽǾˡ
꾳磬Ҳﵽ˶Ӧɵľˡ
ĽǾ磬ǽ֮ľ磬Ҳǽǳ֮硣
һֹֻǵľ磬ޱȣǿǵĹýͽһ񻯣ӵгǿĹױʮֵ˷ܡ
ͨʮĶϤ׵飬֮Բڤ磬Ϊ飬ͲڤĶ
һ޵֮еĲ޵֮Ҳһ磬ǲħڤ緶ΧڣˣҲǻˣҲȥڤ磬Ǻħ綼һΪ磬硣
ײɽȥԾָͨ뿪ɽ磬ȥڤ磬Ȼһĵ㡣
ºĹҲһǰȥ
ǣú׵ģ
ӦײЦˡ
Щ˶ޱȣⲻǵִô
ĹһЦҲ΢΢һ㶣ԳЦݡ
ҰѪǲİ
ĹȻռ䣬赭д˵
飬ĹֶǷ״̬֮


263 ɵǵĩգ2
磬⪵˽Ұɣ
ĹȻͻأ˵ź⪵Ŀ⣬һôʹޡ
֪Ĺ⪵ĳ޲죬΢΢ͷСģսپ
ĹݺݵͷӦʡ
֪ռ֮ķΧʮԶЩȻƶٶʮֵĻҪƴǲô׶Ը
⪲Ǳô׵۷۵ˣҲеǿֶûгѪʰңʲôʡ͵ĵơ
ԣ׺һ֮˼̶ˡ
˲ķǣѪΪĶ󣬶˺׵ʮˣΪ׳ֵĶ
н˲ȻĹȳ˳ȥ
еĵʱ򣬻⪵ķƲ£ĵȴһƷ֮ǰʱ˳ȡõķ֮һ
⪣ɣ
һʱĹ⪷Ļᣡ
ܶԷһż˲õɵۣܶкǿɱһռ֮Уƶ֮
ִУ
ںɫĳһֲĵ⣬ͬһɫ磬ŵķĻ߿ռһ
ݡ
ƿյǾʧ룬޲ô˿ܷһ⾪һ
ֻǣȻĿռ䣬ҲӲ
ĹǾһڳֵĿֻź;⡣
ۡ
̬ٿĸоǶض̵ģһݺݵնɱں⪵Դϡ
ûƿԪûƿǣһ£ΪĹ̬֣һҲļϣں⪵ĳν
Ȼû뵽һ£Ǻ깥
ݺݵĲһ£׻һ㡣
зǺȻʧȥָһ㣬ȫɢˡ
¡
ԱߵˣǱܵĹȥֻǱĿռжҲֻܺ޵˫Ѫ죬ȴûгֵ
ɢ걻壬˲ĴͣĹΪһɱ֣ݼŵĻᣬȻ
һ˲䣬ɫĳͬһ㣬ѸݵĲ˺⪵Դ
ۡһһѪͷ­ʱͬʱһɫԪӤɴ˳ȴͬıռţûٶȡ
ĹЦһһǣৡһ¡
ۡ
֨֨
ԪӤҺһʱ룬ȻѸٵή񱩵š
ء
⪵ͷʬȻ£Ƿɳȥͷ­ôķŭͲʣǿֶα󣬾ȻᱻȫûзĸĨɱΪȫ
һս׺һöǬָȻĹϣһѪȡ֮ʵ
ĹЦһٴͶս
ǾżɵۣĹɱʮѣļˣȴֻǰ˼ɵۣûǿķ
ԣһߵĲҵĽ
ֻǣһߵľƣȻҲ᳤ãΪֻ֪ܱɱ֮ˣ׷׼Աˡ
̣ȴҪʱ׼⼸ʱ䣬㹻Ĺɱüˡ

Ǳߣʶôǿ۰ô˲˲䣬Ҳûκη
ȻеĴзˡ
컯⣬ɱʰңΪ֪пռ䷨ʥĹܵķһ£ϲɱˣҪȻɱʣʱӦпܵġ
ƴǣ֣ȴ˲ȫԤ֪ٶȣֱӳߣż磬ʹʶȻӴƳ꣬һɲǵʱ䣬㱻һ¡
ꡪ
ˣͷɣȫı롣
콣ѪմɢŵĹ⣬ź⡣
ﵽżĳ磬콣ѾȫȫƷˡ
ҪɱʣǶзҲ˲ɱʣοûУ
ʱ򣬰Һһʱʧ
֮Уһ鵭ɫʯͷһĶȻ˲ʧˡ
ûкݺݵѪ˹ȥ
£ѪųѪޣҲͬ޲ѪȻĻʵ̫ˡ
Ļ£żľ磬ﵽżɵ۷徳꾳磬ɱ˵ٶȺľġ
͡
ۣۣ
ɽĹ˸֮Ѫ
Һ֮Ѫ֮ôŨҡ
ѪаºͷȻĶ֣
Ƭ̣˶ʱͬĲ
Ҳ¾˵ȫȻӰһĹߣ׼Աһͱ˵
ۡ
ѪҲĵĵˡ
ˣһ죬ʱҲĹһԴ

ͬʱһ棬֪Լʵֱʹ˼
ˣżɵ״̬֮£ʹýǹֽǳһֱǷΧϵ깥
׼׵ۺͷһˣʱȺ˶סˡ
ҼĿֲɱȻԶ׼ģȫǻ˵á
ٶѾÿˣǼֱǱ̬
˴Ⱥ֮䣬Щ˶ֶεģȴûüʹͱȫĹȻ׵ӰιʱЩϺȻƿ˿ֲĶڣѪˮ˳
˫Ŀͫ׵ĹâѾʼɢɲǼǲʣ־塭
ˣǲģҲûκεΪˡ
ֱֺӶǵԪӤκεĻᣡ
أأأ
һ߾ߵʬ嵹£ڴ˿״̬£ԼֽЩɢ˷꣬ɱЩжûʲô
ͬҲȫȡʮ˵ȫȻתŸպĹ
˾һЦ
ָ˱壬׵һѣȴ˷ܡ
ЩͷԼɵˣ˿ڶ
ǼսֵѪޣĹӺѳִűͬըĿֲĶ״ӷ˺׵ϵõִݷܵĿֲ˵һ


264 顤
ʶЩ˻ֶΣǴҡ
һ£ֶΣֻ¾ȡʤҲԸĿ
¼ȻЩ˶ɱˣҲ˿
Ĺǽһ䵭ϣһȻЦݡ
ǲҲС
ƶѾ㱨˳𣬺ϣƶҡ
죬ȴֻһֱǵµʬ壬û˵
˶֪Ϊǿİ࣬ǲûбɱģΪԷԼһ㣬дзռܶռ֮С
ռ󷨺Ϳֲķأ򵥵Ĺǲƿġ
ЩΣеʮŴűͬԭӵһĿֲĶɷһ˿Цݡ
Ȼⶫըռ䣬õ飬ȴûͬӵпⷴĻ߿ռ
飬ⰽŭһҲǿԵġ
ʵĻָƬ֮ٴεĳּ̬Ȼ飬ͬʱˡ
תһĽ⣬״˿ͬһλһȻվ谵Ŀռ֮С
һֱӵĽʥ֮еǸʮָ߰ĺݶŮ˸˵ϡ
нƣǺѱȡ֮еģңַţֻڷˣǶԷ֪ãҲǲġ
׺ܿ϶϶ԷķûԼʥĹǿ
˵ϣƶȡˡ
վһصʬ壬Ȼ֣ԼռƵļܶ
ŵԶʰҵ壬Ҳ̲סˣй䣬Ѫ˫ۣĶף޲ʳƤ
ЦȻŮ˵Ŀ⡣
ԭʣٻĴøеģϾױԸ˽ԹǹֻЩ̫ˣһ쵽ԼŮ˸ǶԼʵǿ󣬵ǱŮɱüˡ
ˣѾûʲôʴȿԡ
ǵŰֵġ
ûлֻǷֳһֽǣһâֱ
ְеӵĿ⣬һӣŶԷķȻ󽫽â밽š
ǶȻ룬˲䶴˰壬ƿս׵ķ
ꡪ
ѵعѵһʺɫѪˮһϢϢѪȣƬռ䡣
ûâҲû͸밽֮󣬽âһɱֱӵɱԪӤ
͡
һѪ˸Ѫ죬ͷ亹Ϫˮ䡣
ɫ²һţȫһʧ
еķŭǹԹ֮⣬ô
ͷβ׵УǵӵеӺͲм
֪֮
ջؽǣ˼˲ƵĳڰߣȻֳצֱӴ͸˰ţץ˱ƵĽɫԪӤ
󷨽ƣԪӤû˿ϧ
ŮˣҺľֶŮٻȴֶΣ뽫ɱߣ
ĵ˵ֱӴӿһɻ棬Ȼ״̬𲢲ѣǺķ̫󣬵ΪĥŮˣ׺ԥʹ˳
֨֨
ĲҽУʹԪӤҵţ˾磬ԪӤѾںꡣ
ԪӤٻʱ̡
ԪӤԪӤҵĽ죬ҲЩܲˡ
üͷ壬ʲôû˵
һпᣬǾȴʵ̫пᣬ䵽˶ԷУڸҡ
ᣬɱˣǱɱûĽ
ȻҲУ磬˲߻ǧꡣ
Ĺƺ˾ռߣûüֶζʹĲһ
յʱ䲢Ƕڰԣ꣬·ķգһʹࡣ
ڣезŭʧˣֻʣһ˿ǡ
ԹûˣҲûˣһֻ̣иʹĻҷ
һ֮ˣ屻ԪӤŵ꣬ʶܵϴĴʱûĻʶָܻѡ
Ǳĥʶ˲١
ֻˣҲֻεʹѡ
ĥˣȴû뵽һ죬ҲǱĥĶ
ԭĥĸоȻ
׵ıܣӦ˰ĸı䣬ЦһֱзԪӤĨɱˡ
ĻߣһƬš
ĹûжףҲû˵
ð죬Ŵ·ӷĻ˳ȥ
Ĺ
ĥḶ́״ͷβܸоĸӦȴûиӦ
ܲ˳ƴһܳ嶯֮ˣûݷǳɴ֮ˡ
Ǵˣȴȫ̵ұʬĥûг֡
ˣӦûһµĵˡ
УȻ֣Щϵȣһûгֹԡ
֪ɱ࣬ɽ磬ҲѾȥˣɱ˰ֻ࣬ѾѶ˻ȥ
ɽ磬ǿ϶ٴȥˣһζͷڽʮֵĲң׷ɱӣ׶ԣܹˡ
ʦľȥ޵ɣһӵ硣
ţΪʦĹʥ֮ɣʲôҪΪʦæΪʦٳ֡ƽ˵
׵˵ͷ֪Ѿɽ޵ˣɽ磬û˶֣ĵĲ򽣻ĺ硣
Ĺ֮󣬶ʱҲ׼Ǳ꣬ŬɵۡȾ硣
ƺ˿ױҲȻˡ
ȡʥ֮еڤռ䣬˼ɡ
ǵģɽ飬Ѿˣ磬Ǵɱɱ̫ûζ͸飬֪ռ䣬һǼ棬ųƵʮϹ档
棬һӴŷˣҲǿ񣬻Сħޡ
뿪ɽ磬ȥһ磬ûνķȻڴ
֪ʮеľŸ룬ǻزġ
ʮ飬˵һ֡
Ļſڣɫʯƣȡ£ĻſڣȻ̤档
飬ʮϹһΪӴϣŴĻ飬Ȼͬʱգ飬Ͽռ䴫͡


265 ħ³³
鿪˾飬ʱտնʱմ͡
ǷһֻǣһΣΪġѡ
ͷһ޴ĺɫУУУͬ
һͬС˵ϵһͼмĺһޱȵĺڶ
ײûзһɫĹâ׸оȻ˺Ƭ֮Щʧˡ
ͬģЩʧʱ׸ܵһС
ǵģһ˵˾ʵʱ־ó
ǣͬ޼һ㣬˵İ𣬶һĵ
ǣֻΪžŴԵĽ֮أ޵ơ
ڵԪ壬˿Ѿȫ˽ǣѾںϽ壬Ķһ壬ﵽǵľ硣
ʶӦ˹ȥײķ֣˿̣ȻһƬ֮УȻ⣬׽֪оŴ֮طӡžŴ飬ı㲢
ͨĸӦҲ֪ǰⱻƵĵطûʲô飬ֻЩ׺Ϣħޡ
ЩħޣЩͬ
֮˵ǱƵģҪΪʮֵϡ޷úա
׶ԣ⣬ǲڵģʥڲ㹻գ棬Ҳܱͬʹá
µǽɫģӲȺܴܵľҲܸߴľ֮£Ҳ滨ݣȴûйľԡ
˵ּûʲô֮⣬Ǻµġ
˳ּķ϶ʶӦֱӵЩ͵ħޡ
ӦƵıԵ֣΢΢һЦֱ˲ƳȻŴһ£ױ֪˳ȥķˡ
׼뿪ȻٶصĲǵͳʶġĺʹһ˿Ȥ
ױִˣҲûνġˡڵʵ£νĵʮ棬׷֣ɽ֮˻һЩϵ࣬Ӧöڡˡķ롣
΢΢һЦȴԼ߰Ķ׺ȻһԼǲܻصԼʱĵֻ뷨˲ʧˡ
Ǽ֮ĸӳ̶ȣûоŴľ鿪ٿռͨʥˣֻҲ֮䴩ⲻ˵ʥûΪĸӡ
Ϊûбʥ˵õ֮Уֲ֪жٸ棬Ҫҵ棬ѶȣȻС
£ûȥģȥˣʲô壿
˼Ƭ̣ױоһֱ޴ĺܡ
ܣӦһħޣΪ׷֣ħ޿ʹеħԪ
ⴿһָоףԼĸоʮֵŵġ
С࣬ⱻĽɭ֣³³ʳɣܺȻԣֻԣЩ졣
׶ԣЩ⣬ʵǿ̫࣬ңߣߣĽʶʶĽȻͨͳһΪɽԡ
ܵĻ׵ʶȻǶõģףͨܣ֪ܱȽ˼
һ͸źܷų漴΢΢һȻЩ˼顣
ȷʵõѶϢʹȫЩ˼顣
ֻǶû֪ǵֽ޵ǡ
ϵΪħɽԾ֡
ͬ޵ڣһͬ޵ģޣҲνħޡ
ϸ˵׺Ȼã磬νġħ½
зһ˿ƵĸоͬʱȴѾ֪緽棬ķһһսǴڵģ˿̵磬νһ壬˵ףҲʹˡ
ʹʹ֮ϵˣûа취Ŵ֮ء
Ŵ֮أ֣Ϊ֮ءȻָвͬǾԴȴǲûжϡ
Ȼ˲׵ԣЦſ³³һۣСҪǲ׷ϣԴǿżֵǧҵľ˱ڳͳԿ
һȫµ磬ײһͳɱ֡
ģ̬ܼӵܸ
׾ʵֻȡ֮ǰһжͨ˵̬֡
֮ǡôһ㡣
ңϽ֮׻ƺϢȫڵĽԪӤҲ漴ʧɢȫ֮С
ЦЦȫս׶ʱһɫɫʿףе齣ʱֱ䳤ΪʮֿĴ󽣡
ɫʿ͵ɫĳʹ׵ò˲˱仯
ͬʱ׵ĳͣҲ˲ķ˱仯Ϊһŵ״
ɲǼЩ仯ײЩ˼ˡ
˽ǵľ磬ʱһؾ类ͨȻǲҪĵģǻľ磬ȴҪ˼ģң֮ľ磬Ҫ˼һзˣڵ磬õԼ
ƵĻ³³ֱǰ࣬Ȼ˿ڳԣȻ𾪺ͷŭǺ³³ȴȷʵЩϰµĸоƺԼֵĻᱻǰ˺顭
³³޴崣ţȴûжֻ֣˫ֻͬ˸Ű׹Ĵ룬ס
ЦЦȻ֪ǾŽǰħޣһ£ܣӦߺҵʵˡ
ʵ֣һ׵ŽףΪǰкڣŽ֮ϣƷˣʱ֪ϲࡣ
Сһ㻹а΢΢һЦһ̣еĽ㳯һ
ռݺһһŤĺڶȻں³³ǰȴûǰ
͵ĽڶȻ˽ȥ
ڶ˲ںȻʧ
³³󾪣һĺ˲̵ֻĺţȴһ²һʯͷϣһʯͷˣһӺȻ䵹˵ϡ
ⱾǺĺܣ˿Լ嶼Ȳסˤ˵Ϻ󣬾ǶҶһ¡


266 ӶС
׼״ЦúŬ´Ҫô׾͸ŵˣĻȥ
³³ŵĴҴһ£ӴСԴڵϣ֮ǰǿƣһ͹ſڵ˻أ
׹һЦħޣǹֱˬ죬Ĺ۸ˣ򲻹ϳз
Ҳŵķĺܣ΢ı仯һ£߳ɭ֡
ź³³֮ģװ׳ȫԼһУ͸ȻʶٵĸӦ˳ȥ
磬ȻʮŨ񣬱֮ɽŨǿ˺üײľ
˽ɭֺ󣬱һƬԭܴݲʮֻ
׷֣ǿޱȵʶȻҲֻ췽ԲǧﷶΧңҲǷԲ׵ķΧ
ɽ磬׵ʶʵ췽Բֻʹ΢΢һ
ͨ磬ֻǲû֮еǰͨ
񣬱ʹȫĳ䵱Ҳ˵磬϶Щ
ͼһʹһ˵ʵ൱
ҪʵԱȣײȷҪģҵˣȻͨ͸֪ľ
Ȼûз磬ǴɽĴ֮У֪ӵͲпᣬ£һãֻǻǻ
ԼĿǵõ飬һӣѶȽÿռǿ
ֱ˲ƵĴԭΧɭ֮ɭΪǽɭΧͬҲħޣħ޵ĵȴΣȴǲ˲٣ЩħޣͬǿʹģʹӦ֣ٶȼ졣
׵ʶϵĸӦڣʵԽɭֵʱڸӦĴڡ
ˣò˹ĸоȻִˣʲô˶мӦ֮еòҲЩ档
һɫԲγ۵ŮӣһԲ̣ͷһһľʯʯ˸ŰɫĹâ
ֻŮӱӺС촽ҲЦһ˫۾ȴǲԱش
ȻǳĽëҲǺڰ䣬֮
ͷͷϣһɫĻȦһĶţЩ˵ġʥ࡯ĸо
˿̣ͷϺˮ£Աߵһ˫ӶһļĶŮӣֳһԿŸӻƵĺɫһʱʮˮϵ۳ɷ磬ǰ绨Ʊȥ
ݡ
ƿ绨ƱӰһһȻһڻҲ˲ɫһ䣬ܿ
ɫķĻ涸ȻͷҲһ
ⱪӣȻ߽׺ڵħޣԪӤڵΪȷʵ˲ðĵ
£ױ˲Ƶĳߡ
ˣ֮ǰ׾ùŮ֮⣬˧кһͷɫĳ˶һɫʿսףһˣһɫԿŹĵĳۣеһöȨȣȴһ󽣣װȻҲЩ졣
ʲôģȻ˵ãȻ˿˵ʮǱĻҲʮֵգ㶼ʮֵ侲
Уײû̫⣬˿еһλƻӣһ͸ֱӴ
΢΢һ٣һ룬һ̱˹ֻʱƺѾˡ
绨ƱȻ˹צһſںݺҧӵľ
Ա˸ܿӵ״ʧɫҲܱˣȵӿ㣡
ǽӣʱҲȫĻжʱһĵˣҪˡ
Ȼˣ˫Ȼܵĺݺһ£ϣһԼ
δ£⿭϶Ҫⱪҧġ
ױɱɱⱪӣϸһ룬ЩʵӦɱⱪӵģȴûɱȻΪ˺ⱪǩԼ
ͨ͸磬Ҳȫˡ
ӴǷ˼ġ
ϵĴ½ʮ飬Ҳǣʮ½еľŴ֮أֱľŴ½ϡ
Щ½ÿһӴޱȣУкȲڴ½֮ڵĵط
ҲЩ𾪣򣬱֮ɽֻ¶ǧ򱶣Ӵ򣬼ֱǿֲġ
һʶֱӵ͸绨ƱԴ֮У绨Ʊ΢΢һͣʱоǿ֮Σգʱתӡ
˿̣ĲϤʹ׾Ժܲ˳Ϊѡ
Ӱһװ΢΢仯˵㣬Ǻͺ֪ܵôһ㣬ȻͷɫҲ۵ĵɫ
еĽȻɳһ¶绨Ʊβϣ绨ƱҺһȴǲҶˡ
Ȼһصв
˴󾪣۾Ҳûеȵ
۾⺧˵һĻ΢΢𾪣˷ܵ׵ߡ
λѣʵǸл㣬ֻҪȥˡ˷ܵ˵ҲǸм֮ɫҪǣ绨Ʊûܵ
΢΢һЦץסħޣȻ˾ˡ
һ㶣ԣԣԵȡ
ţɭ죬ΧסҪǿ
ٵ˵

Ḷ́Ȼ˳֮
绨Ʊһ£˵ʵʵ裬ﻹʲô֮
Ҳûע⣬Ϊ绨ƱѾз֮ģ¸ʹ죬ֱӵǩνġԼ
׿һּ򵥵ӡֻ֮Щͬѡ
ԸԳĵõħޣȻʮֵĸˣװ壬ʲύ֮ġ
ҲֻһûĹɴЩ˵ɻ
ͨ͸Ҳ֪һȺǵʮ½½ѧԺ֮еѧһģɺЩ˻ץһͷħޣݵĿӶСӵĶӳȻ顭
֪ûԼţЩЩСˣǴķ棬ȴΣգ£ˣȻԶ֪
Ŵ۾ĿɰŮţνġʦһ׺ڵʦǸĶ䡢޳˫Ȼͦģֽȴһ;ĻѪ뾫顣
棬Ůӵĳ棬ֻǼĳŰɫëĶ䣬Щҹά
һ֣Ҳ׺ڡ
ʿ˧Уֱǰɭͬǿߵʵ߽ǰڣ߽׺ڵħʿҲеħ似˫ޡ
ֻħΪ΢Щֻ׺ңΪҪԸ绨Ʊ߽ϣ㹻ġ
һ̸֮ɫҲ𽥵Ǳһѻ棬̸
װˣѧԺӢѧԱأû뵽ǵʵȴȲʵľǣˡ
Ц˵
֪ΪΣ׸оʮֵУ֪׵͸ʹú󣬼˵ȫƺͷȣȻ׽֮⡣
Ϲ˵ʲôݺһţضʱһŭǺȻЩĶ䣬ʹײҲݸһЦ
ǺǣʢˣҲǿŲϵĿ޲յ߽׺ڵľ磬ҪͻƣҲʮѣⲻųˣӻ׺ڵħʦǰ;ǲ
Ц
ڲͬ磬һȤ
ֵ㲻֪Ҵ翭ǰͲأ漴̾ͬʱ˵ҲȻľԼôĶøˣ
Ȼ֪еİ΢΢һЦֵ²ż汸Ȼ赣ʲô
˵꣬׺ȻоһɵɱƮԭûпʶ˿̵
üͷ壬ŻȻڵ˯籪˵ЦŵĿԼЩߵСҲЩˡ
ʶֱɨȻˡ
֮ǿķ˼ǿŲžŽǰڵʵ㶼׵ʶûз֡
Ĵ̿ͣʹ׵ⷲ˵磬ҲǴⲻõġ
ƿһöҶһֲĽ⣬ֱ̿ûз£˲֡
ݡ
ҶȻŴ̿͵Դȥ


267 Ӱͷ
öҶ׵Ľ֮⣬ٶ֮죬֮ǿѾＫ֮
ֻáꡱһȻǼ֮ʹ˻ĲҺ

žҹʹҹȻĸӵˣ֮ͬǰͷѵһ֮
أ
ĺ˺ȻϵʬݺݵڵϣһƬҷ
˵Żһ˫۶ףĿһ˿ĽȻͬΪòƸ
˿̣ŵ㶯СӼͬʱӵϵǱܵĸԼͷһӳֵķϵȻ˫ֺȻס˳
ɭͬܵһһҵ˿ߣźͬ˲ĸԶ˿࣬ŵȨϣʥİ׹Ѿʼ˸еĹ˲Ҳ
һӵĶǰĺڰ֮ף֮УЩ˸
վ˿ǰ˱ɱˡ
ţǰ˵ʵʮǿǿ׶༪ˡص˵
˿Լ绨ƱƺûɶһſڵϣҲǺڰһۡ
ӵ£ҹȥ˵Ϊ֣ٶȻǺܿġ
ǱģȻԷûоǾɱˣӦ޹أ˵ˣйأҲӲһȥҲиӦ
׷
ŵ˾ΪȻȻЩСȴҲ֪ʵȷʵˡ
ٶԣСĳǰĺڰľ֮λȥ
ҹܺڣЩֲָ磬ЩȻǿ󣬵Ǳܷ棬ȴܲûκεҹ
Ȼǿ󣬵ȻʶǱΧҹҲûɽȵطõ˳
ҹ﷽ԲǧһȻǿģοʶ˫۸Ч
һô׳ǰŵʹĹϵʹܺȻ
ŵʵޣ޷ķֶãƶ֮ʹóԵʱ򣬱ֻܴվš
Ϳ˿ķ˲ƿһ˲һͬʱŵĺ˺ü
˻
˾һǴ۾ϵ˵ʱҲһʧˡ
һڣܸо˺Ȼӿǿľ⡣
˶ڲɫҲǲҰһƬ
Ȼֻ֪ʮ˵á
͸ѻ֮ıֻ̬ܶü򵥵ѶϢϣȴܻȡ˵ļ䣬˺ܶ࣬׻ǲ֪ģҲſ˵ԭ
ʹãȻڻ£֮ǰŵĶҲ⡣
νħҲؼ֮ѣľˮ֡
âȻΪ֮е֪󷨣ڲٿߴȻʮ־ͨ
ֻǴ֮ǰĹ۲죬ȴ֣ŵĲٿطǿſƷһ־񲨶ǣؼĹ췽
˲Ū˶ԷֶΣͬʱвһ˿ڴԼҲѧֶΣֻǿž񲨶ԼӴĽʶܾۼˡ
֮󣬾żƷ󷨺Ʒ󷨵żֻǶͻˡ
磬ȻǰһϣǸˣҿѧϰ֪ʶ֮ʥڲһһʱ
ţȴǼ˵Ļϲȴûбֳʲô
ֻҪϣһ֣Ȼӿš
룬׳ټһҲǿΪĹϵ
֣Ƶ˶ʱ˿ַ˼Ķףƺʹ˴Ĺϵ
Ÿһ˫۾֮УĽ֮ɫתǶڴĹϵľ⣬
ֵܣȻϵħᣡ
΢΢һЦҲֻǶһ㣬ѣԼ屻Īĸ֮ҲֻĴˣܶζںҹսİ취ԼҲ˺ܾòŻġ
ֵܣԺҿֵˣ˾ʣҶѧԺģ۹Ϊǿ似ħʦҲΪ㲩ħ֪ʶϵȥѧԺһŹʵģ
˵˿Ϊ׵
źĿһӶСӣֶһŶ
ſɰźĶ΢Цŵ˵ͷ
ΪһӣſػͳԶĿ⣬һض˲ɡ
һ㣬ΪԸһеףȻס
Ҳԣˣܿ۹£ô
׶ԣ򵥵һĿģѾõˣȻ֪ܲǱ۹ѧԺȥ͵Ϊһߣײм
ʱȴ˵ϵĺ˵ʬ壬Ц̸һǰɭųӵ£Ӱô죿
ʱײ֪˾ȻʲôӰϣƺʮ˲á
ô죿ߣԴȥڳſڹţڵ۶ʾڣѸ£˾Ҵɱң
Щŭĳ˵£أһһֱԳơҡȻûаڼӡ
װԵͷҴҶ磬ǣ̫࣬⿭ȽϺ⣬ʵİҲν
ߣ磬Ȼ󷨷ĽϣͼΪֶΣҲ¡
ʵȻѾ˾磬û٣ȴӵкƵĶֻҪ͸ⶫʲô⣬ϴ񼸺ǲġ
ײʲôˣԼһߵļˣһ֣ҪȻ̫ѡ
ҽľǰ·ѾȷֻҪ˳磬ﵽڣѾ˾ˡ
΢΢һЦ׶ʱŲ٣Ҳǹ֮ɫ
ɭնӰϵԴȻģȴȻһԴȻ˱ŵİ֮С
ϣɫѪҺһء
磬ľֵ֮Ҳ˵ˣѾĩˣ·ݣ۶ѧԺѧ游ֱȥѧԺŵ
΢΢һЦ˵ͷʱѧϰħ֪ɷ񣿡
ħţҲãѧʵǿᣬҲĪҪˡЦ˵


268 ū
۶ʮַ٣ƶֻҲЩء
̨ͤ¥۴αȣɫʷ׳ʣĦ߰һŮӻݣϾѡ
׵ʶɨЩ˺󣬶Щ壬ҲһЩ˽⡣
л˿ӵ֮󣬿ӱΪ۶֮йһµıԺѧԺңԶ
ⷿӵشȽƧռӴĻҺ徲
Ȼһ׷ӣڵ۶֮Уۼʮָֻ߰ǿΪˬ󷽣ľˣʵǲף˿Ҳǻ˴ϣύס
Ҳûп˷ӺͿ͵һˮľ޴ķס
ԭǿԼ׼ı˵ȶûüð죬øˡ
ص۶֮󣬿Щ飬ŵһ𣬴æˡ
׵ȿ֮΢ЦҺмء
磬ȶʮŨ񣬶ҿռǿľˣԼĽʮִ󣬱֮ɽĿռݵȣǿ˺ܶࡣ
磬˲ҲʶܸӦǧﷶΧң˲ƵĹУεĽƻӴԪĵǿȡ
ȻЩ磬ǽɽ֮磬ֻǴ˵ȴּ˷ˡԼ硣
ģǵģʽģʽȫͬȴ;ͬ顣
׳Ƭ֮󣬱ĵ۶ȥĹΪȫĵͶױ㲻ˡ
ʶֲ׵ľ룬ׯ԰֮һƬ
׹غħԺ֮Ƭ̣۶Ĵϡ
ӽƻʮ֣ϵ˼֣ȴȻʮӵȺϵıҲһиˡ˷ܡ񡢼Ҳѹ塢µȡ
վ֮УȻԼһһһֲȺĸо
ʵˣ籾ԼɽűʵĲͬ뵽Ŵ飬ʱɳ˲١
δʱ䣬ԼʱҪһŷ޹űĵ۶ȥˡ
ƽУڵ۶ѧԺ֮еħ鼮˼ڴ
ħħʹù̵굽Ӷ͵ᣬһ·й䣬һֱ䵽ūг
ҹ䣬۶ϿգƬħɢİ׹⣬ҹͬ硣
վūг̨£ĵ۶ԱԼһЩūӼһ𣬿Ǿ޴̨ϣŹڵϵŮŮ
Щˣеĳ˺޺Թеĳ˱ݣҲеģ˫Ѿľû˿Ĺʡ
һȺȺı̵ҵľʡ
׵ģһֱƽΧƺء
Щ֮У׵Ŀ⣬ֻͣһһںյ߰СŮϡ
ɨ˵һ۵ʱױоŮźʼƵѪ
Ȼһһľ޴̥ǣòȻʮֵ˵á
۵һ˸߹һˣСŮʱȻкɫ̥һĶӰۣǾ۵ˣȻʮֶࡣ
һԲˮһķ꣬˫鷺ƣһںһߵļ۸100000ҡ֮󣬶ʱٸҾۡ
ūһ꺺ӣһɫʿսףչ˰̣ģǿֲ
Ľūֵү֮ٴοʼūľۡ
СŮһϤĸоֻȴûж˵
үƺƵ뿪ʱײĸȥ
ΣүһʮӴ˵õĸֵ֮ۡ굱ʹŮСŮϴ
СŮȻǸŵĲˣںڵȴ͸¶һ˿侲Ϣ
ֻǣʱüͷɻʹ֪СŮƺ˵Ļ
ϴ֮Ǻɫ̥ǣҲʧˡ
΢΢ȻĵһɰСŮֻСŮǻһŮӣȴȻ׷һϤĸо
һ֮ˣֻΪһ˿ϤԲŸ
Сﴩ·ɫħ۵ľŮֵүǰʱֵү͵һаĹâּŮֵӶһЦɣүһ
Сüͷ΢壬ƺ˵ʲôֻǿŶԷƣҲ֪ʲôˣܵĺһ
үǰ̤һ
Сһ˫ǿ־壬תܣзһϤ
Ϥԣǵϵԡ
һ𣬼תڽʱԣҲűʵĲģ£ŮģѹһϤĸо
׺Ȼ俴ϣŪŮԼǡ
кȻǼǺȻ뵽ˣǼʱɢ˲١
ȻһһֲĽâʵʣȻǳŮ׷ϵķֵүԴ
ҺһĻᶼûУʱ
СŮһĻȴûоǾɲ
׺ȻߣһץסļȻ˶Ȼʧ
һ̣ױԼĸۡ
СŮȻЩ͵Ĳ֪ԣڷСŮ֮룬׵ʥϵ
ܣײĹ֪
Ҵ˿ڿޣıչأһǱչصɱ£ߣ籾Σգײ˻ʲô
ŮӻģױѾԡ
СŮȻǱȻǳֵһںڵ˫ۿ־Ķס
ʲôôˣ׳ʵǵصصĵϵͨ
СŮһ㶣漴ۿһ죬Ƭʱ
ء硪
СŮȻ˹ı׵˫ȣСС壬
ңһ׶ҵߣݵĸͷȻϴɾȴȻЩͷ԰׶Ƶɫ
΢΢һʹûʲôȼһˣøӵĻϲͼˡ
СŮ˺ܾã޵ˣ׵Ĵȣ˯ˡ
ĺӿ˫գ峺Ӵ˿̰֮޳ĽëϣѾˮʪ͸Ƥϡ
ۿ׵ϵۣٻĽ֡


269 Ů
һ̽һԪСŮڣһһżƷԪ㱻ƿٷ֮һȻ׵Ԫ⣬ɢСŮڡ
ƿģȻڱСŮʱĵĻҩ
СŮڵľͨľˣԼãƺʲôȫչһһ
̫ڱңȻǱֱūڻ˺ۣȴûȥҲûˡ
ҩ֮£ܿ죬СŮʵʹﵽ˼֮硣
ײûٰæҩЧѹСŮĵԺԶķӡ
룬һۼһˮԪأ¶֮󣬱СŮúõϴһ
Ůۣһѻյĸɸɾ
룬Σֱ֮ȡ˵ս׺սѥȻȡһСŮѪ֮󣬴СŮϡ
ս仯׽Ϣ֮仯һͶǳɫĳȹ
ҩϴ֮СŮͬһС˺Ѿʧļž˵Ļ͵ԡ
ǰ̬͵Цݣ׾С
⺢ӣ֪ô֪ûĵ硣
˼ţƬ̣СŮ۵ıðӯ͸ĺҲһҪҪء
ģһľģСŮ׷ʲô
гã׻ʹ͸
͸ҲһֹһεĸӦĹ
Ϊͬǵˣ׵ľ͸ܵСŮġ
СŮļ֮УļǺڰġ
Ϊһ¶һȺţ꿪ʼ͹ؤһϽ֣ǵͬģȺ׬Ǯ
Ǹ磬ҲϤ硣
һֵĹ֮УһŴӵĹԱݺһ˳ȥȻǡһɫĹâӿȻŵʹת
Ǿ顣
СŮԺ֮У׿һУ׵Լľ飬֪ΪΣСŮ˽
һִԽֻСŮȴûôˡ
Ȼռıʣǿǵʱһ˵լԺ
ȻŭݺݵһȻūС
ΪͱūϵŰֻΪظǿ󣬱ūֺ󣬾ūдֵ
СŮòȻǳ󣬵ǲע⿴Ǵ̥ǣȴԵӣһϴ磬ó
̣νѾҵ˼ˣµ磬Ȩλʵȱһɣһʲô֪ʲôûеСŮԽܻȥѾܲˡ
ŮСڣʽֶûС
и̾ţµñӣΪСŮϡ
СŮ磬Сû˯ţС֪һֱСڣ¸粻ˡ
Ѫ˿Ҳ۾һᣬãԺǸĺãףԺˣͽ壬ԺǸãҪļǵãڿʼһˣмҵҸСˡ
ء硭
޵һͿȻûж飬ڿ֮гѾܱǷƶ̬ĳ죬һġ
֪ӽԺԼҸ׸ĺã
׸пǰ̥ǵСãһο
˼ãóһԪʯȻԼļ֮еѧʶһĸƵԪʯ֮УСѧѧѧʿٵѧʿԼڼоЩֵѧʶڰ֮ޱĶƵ侧ʯ֮С
ĸʱ֮

硪شȻôãҸû˯
׵˵ͷͳһöԪʯ
۾ȻǴܶĶӦʯͷϣ̵ѧϰ֪ʶ
˵
ûκԥʮֹϴںڵ˫ۣȻ׵˵
׳˼ţݶ侧ʯȻػȡ侧ʯϵĶ
ķѹ󣬶ЩòʧһǲģϾûʲôôǶʲô֪û֪ʶ壬õİ취
ʵģʥһʱ䣬Ѿ㹻ָˡ
̣ĸʱ
ȡЩ֪ʶݣʱҲǺΡ
׶ԼȻʲôû˵ڵЩҲֻǴ֪ʶѡ
磬㾹Ȼɣأ磬̫ˡ
延ϲĲˣ֪ʶ˸һɾǣͬʱ崿Ͷ׵ܣȻĵġ
΢΢һЦҲɣԺ˭۸㣬Ҫ÷֪ô
˵ţִ泣ʶԡ
ʱų׵򣬲׵ĳݺ;Ѿܸˡ
ôķӣɰСõĴڣȻȻ˲١
Ѿ֪ׯ԰üΣκαƣ˲ýѡ
΢΢һЦʶһɨ֮£ʱ֪Ѿַ죬ȻǷү۶
үЩ˿Уײ֪ԭǵ۹ƹܾӵĴ󹫾Ķӡ
ȴ⣬ֻ΢΢һЦ
죬׶ڽ̵壬ͬΪʵ棬׵İ£ҲܿĽ뵽˽ľż⾳硣
ϣӦǿ൱׺ߵʵˡ
ңĽʮǿ󣬵ô󣬳˶׻Цգκˣһ
Ȼһ㣬ȫǿԸܵõġ
ȻֻϿһ˵ĴڣȻǰʹĥ֮У̬ѾЩ仯ˣһЩʹ޲ѡ
Ȼȫ̥ˣǺԣȴȻûиı䣬֪ı仯ܣϲϵı任ʲôνյսģʲôʥʿı仯ģȲԵ֡
Ҳֻ΢Цԡ
ɶµСãֲʧ棬ϲĽ
ͨ£Ҳ׵ֻҪѰŴ飬ȻŪеİϣصġ
ֻ뵽ˣ뵽ƺһ㶼ԸٻصǸ壬ͷһαˡ
ҪѰ飬һ㣬ȴẬ
棬һδҴҵˣһΣɫƺʮֻ̼Ͳ԰ףд鷢
׽ȡʥ֮УŵȻ˳ȥ


270 ɱ
Ժʱ򣬿˶æĳ˹
촩һ˿һʿۣɭˣͬһػڿҡ
һ׵ʦۣһȴһʿսףħȫ͹˳
ææߣæ˵磬δ󹫾Ķʹ۶̫ƽûµĻǧ𵽽ȥȻֻǻᱻȥ
󹫾鲻֣ЩƽЩڵ󳼶⵹ˣȻջȴҲûа취
УׯԺȴǱʲôƸֹˣ˻ɵҵͷϣұҲСӿ˳ۣԡ
ǽ˵ȻΪ۶˾ںͻҡ
׿˼ԼСģϾԼҲڿµˣһԼǴ󹫾ˣԼİȫûб֤һӵ
Ȼǿǰ߶˺ߡ
źһֱǿĸҲûʲôֱӴ
΢΢һЦģûµģֻ󹫾Ȼ˿ʵ̫ˡ
εʲô취ȨӴ󹫾ǣƣ˿ѾˡĻᣬ϶µġ
΢΢ͷţ֪ˣҲȥɣİȫǲõģһᴦõġ
ѾŽǰڵĸػ˸ôɱ⣬粻صģȷͷˣȥѧԺ˵´ʱȥѧԺѧϰˡ
ĿļֵȻܸӦ
һů΢΢Ȼתȥ
뿪ʱ˼Ŀһۡ
һȺ֮вû̫ĸдʲôֻҲ̫ŵĹͷˡ
룬ѾķӵĽֵϵ˿иӦϡ
Ͼ׵ʶӦΧǷԲǧһӦΧ˵̸ֹĪĶС
ˣҲ֪Ȼ۰ǻĶӣǸǿƽͨӣǿƿɰʵĵŮ֡
ЩȻ֪٣׾ûϷˡ
еȨȻӴ󣬵һӻȨ󹫾ȻԹۣȻһѺô
ʵױҲЩµģһܷĵǴ磬ԼСþĶӸ۸ģôҲҪֵˡ
飬Ȼ˴֮ѵǳ
΢΢һӦͷҲЩջ
һɰò˵ļһһĹܼңȻָ¿ӵĸۡʵǿ
ЦһĨɱ
鵭Ȼ״ׯԺ˳Ժſڡ
ʱҲֹͣ
ǹܼһģɫͷţڸ˰
ͬһȴǱľŮš
һֱڲȴǿ󵽲˼
һĨɫܼңȻоŽڵʵѾǲˣʵ۹Ҳǰˡ
£һķ裬֮
ǾŽǰڵĻҲֻܺЩ˻սһ𣬶ǿ߻µЩѾȫɱ
ߣѲɱĶӵﷸӣҲҪܵͷǹܼҰ˵
˵ſ׵ģ͵ƣҲЩɲ
Цһ㲻һܼңݵ΢û֤ݾ۹ӣһɱӵ
㣬㹻ǧˣοʲôѲﷸʵǿЦ֮
ΪӵĴ磬ʹѵⲻ֪Ķ
ߣң˴˱֮
ЦﻹὫ˵꣬кȻӿһ⣬ݡһҲ𺳶Էֱ꣬һն˶ԷԴ
ۡһԴɣѪˮһء
ܼΪǸ֣º޼ɣײ׵ϡ
ױΪ˸ʱá
ҲŮһۣŽ˲񣬽Ѫдڰ׳ϣͬԴһȥڳ¥ϣ
ԭΪŽǰڵĸ֣ǲô֪ƾʲôԼ˽ύ֮ˣ˿ȴǱһˣһ֮»عȥˡ
ǹܼҴЩһ֮¾ҪɢһеĽȻһʮֱӽЩ˲ɱڡ
Ůŵڳϲ
ʶһɨʱ˿˵ĲԴ֮еĽơ
뵽ҲǾ飬ʱһԪƿ˵Ľơ
һ㶣˫ۻָĿһۣʱʩչϵħ˳ˡ
׿Ѫȴ⡣
լԺ֮֮Ժ֮ǰЩϱ۲֫Ȼһȥʰ
ǿţҲûввͼ˺Ƿġ
֮ǰһĻҲ˵
˵˵ֻû˻ŵģûţһʿ˲ɱʮˣһвŽڵĸ֡
صլԺ֮֮ͷһƬһֻΪѧϰħȻԼ󷨶ѣǿ󷨣ǶȡĹؼ
£ҪĵİԼ£Լֻܽİʯ
Σֱ˲Ƶĳĸۡ
ػ֮Щ죬ΪլԺ֮бɱøǽˡ
Ϊ󽫾ǾŽ׺ڵΪһʵ۹ܹǰġ
ʵûйλò
ǣͨԼЩ
ķҵĳ˵ǰ˯λˣͷһķꡣ
УȷʵóˣһпʼźţԼҪٵȨȻ
ţȻ䣬оǰƺˡ
һ͵תܣͷһ̧һĽ
˫ùԲƺʮֵĲһ㣬ôĵȥ
üͷȻӿʺѪˮľСϪʡ
˲صլԺʱ򣬿Ѿæ˹
Ȼ֪Լɱ˹ܼң֪Լɱ󹫾
Ŀһۣ΢΢һԳһ˿⡣
˹Ȼûж˵ǹܼҵӿУֻ֪˵һɱġ
⵹ʡײ鷳¶ʵҲ壬Ͼʵ̫͵Ļ˿ģʵҲϣڱԼǿſĹϵѧԺ
磬û¾ͺãܼҲ๼ɱĺãߵ˵ֻȴǽҴĻתĻǰˣֻΪһҲٿصġ
΢΢һЦټ٣ټ棬ӣҪһҪ¡
۾һƺ˲٣أξ㲻ģҲҪΪһɣ
˵ţŵ˶ûֻаɭߡ
ȻԶӰҴҵĳ˹Ȼ̼ȴûɱ⣬ױû⡣
ӵ£ˣ󹫾ɭϵĹڸ
Ӱæ˵֮󣬵˲ˣӰȥ١
˵ʲôһɫ仯ޱȡ
ҧҧ籧ǸҪϻȥε۶ҪˣѧԺ飬һ֮ڣұضΪã֮ǰеطԻᳩ衣
˵ţݹһɫơ
Ȼӹ΢΢˼óżƷԪǼƷʥҩΪ
һ㶣һȣȴʲôû˵Ľӹ
仰ֻڿ˵˾ûҲҩĹ̡
æ뿪ˣ˿ɫ״ƣֱѧԺȥ


271 󷨷ֽ
۶ҳһƬһУȻģǺȴ޹ء
Űҹķ磬¹⣬ͷƽ
ǵľȻ޷ͻƣʱڣǿſޣȻнǿʱۻܲѵ;
ҪģǸĸէֵĳ嶯
˲ֵϢʹԼرǿǿҲ̫
ɫƣҪʲô飬˳
ռӴѧԺ׸оֻص˵䶪Ϊ֪ѧһ㡣
ҹɫµѧԺУ԰деŮŮں߸ħŮŮҲڼֺͱȶһĳֵѧԱ
ԼĸӦһӴĻħ¥ǰ¥£дĸ֡ħء
νħأͼҵĵط
ﲻħ磬רŵĳְء
żѧԺѧƾݽ룬Ҳд˼ɻɵɵ߳ŮŮ
׹ȥʱֱӳʾƣȻɵı߽ħ¥
˿̣л΢΢ЩģḶ́͵ʱôơ
ЩѧԱװģµħ鼮װȻŮķģһеһУôơ
ײħۻ֮ʼ
ΪԵ֪ǿޱȵ׷ħ鼮ܿ졣
׶ûз飬ֻǴӴԱ߻߹ʶ㽫ЩɨԺ֮С
Ȼûо˼Ĵ棬һһٽʮ鼮ȫĺɨ
ûעκεŮһһŵʶѾʥ֮С
Ⱥ˻죬ڤ֮Уʼ˼ʮħ鼮
ħ鼮ۻ˵ʮϸʮ౾ظìܵģʵǶĲˡ
׵ʶ̬˼Ҳʮ˲ûлЩìܵĶϸĶԱ˼
ʱ䣬׶һֱ˼˿̵ħѾȫϤˡ
νħһ̶ȵ󷨵ڹͣ
˽⵽һ㣬׶ʱҵһ󷨵;
ħ󷨵Ļλ
׷˽һ꣬ŵóĿֲĽۣ
ħʵǶۣ󷨣ȴЩϵħĸϣȻǬԵܻ͡
Ҳ˵ħǹ󷨵ĵλ󷨣ħиľ裡
ħ磬ǵһħγɵһ󷨵֡
֪еȻԸӣͨоɢ󷨣ȻǾ
ӦƺĿԼϣѹʵĳ嶯ױŵ۾΢΢ſһɰĻɫħʦŮһգգ۾Լ
΢΢ǰ壬Ȼ˫ͻǴںڵ˫ۣһ崿ĸо
׻عŮߺ죬ʱ˼˵ԲɯŶܾˣΪ㱻ħ֪ʶˡ
һζɫħۺ͵ĺΣʹ˲Ů΢΢ЩøС
û£ֻһħ֪ʶˡ΢΢һЦ͵
ţԭҲħԣԽ˼Խħᦺܸϧɯûа취ͷħŮ΢΢̾Ϣ
Ҹоƺӵк׺͵ħԪذײųһʶ̽һŮڵʱ΢΢һ㶡
ÿ磬־˰
ŮȻһûоˡ
磬Ȼ˾Ƚ٣ǶоģȶеģŮʲôûУ£ħԪأ˺ܴĿ๦Ƕħоʮ־
֣ѧԺÿħѧɯȡħۿΣֻΪɯȴûӡأŮֵ˵
ʦҲ
ѽɯ֪Լûа취󣬾ר˼ħۣʮˡɯŮ˵
Ҳһһο俴ˣŮֻʮ꣬Ȼʮˡ
Сģȴıҵ
Ե֣ױҲȻˡ
ֻǣ뵽Ĳɯ״̬󷨺ħ󷨣ȻҪħֱӳֵһ󷨣һȴǸϵħ
׺ŮһӣŮֻ֪ǰۿ鼮ʱ򣬸ǸˣҪ̸֪ʶ
ɯ󷨣׵˼˼ûʲô㡣
ֻǣȻɯĸħǸȤֻ޷ԡ
׿Գԣȴ㣬ΪֶΣһθħֻǻ¡
ٺɯ˻֮뿪ħء
У԰֮壬˲ƣֱӳڳһɽ䡣
ֲһļƷػſʼڤ롣
ħϵĵͼħ״Ӽ𣩡ľˮˮ򣨻𣩡ʯϵħ
ͬľˮ֣ȫͬƵʺ˲以ں
ԭǳħȻںϣʹ汬˿ֲ
׵Ŀ΢΢Щա
ֻʵĺħƿأĿǰʵȻǺܲ˵ġ
ð죬ϵںһײķ֣ȻӡȴЩ
ӡΪôľںϵʾӶࡣ
гӡʵ󷨣ֻһ󷨣ȻƷ󷨣Ʒ󷨣ɱҲǲĵ˼㡣
Ȼһħȴǿ̫ࡣ
Ȼһʧܣһ֪ںϵƿصˡ
ͨΪ׿ʼԼ󷨽ӡۼεḶ́һȴǱںϵϵһľۺһ
ȻǴû˵
ȫĳŵϵ֮УǶȻ俿ſħֶƿظϵȻǿнƿ
͡
ħԱ۵ĹâǿḶ́ʹ׶ͷ亹
һħΪʲô˴
Ǻһ󷨲̫࣡
΢΢ЩˣǰķżħǺһľżƷ󷨵൱
֣ʹ׵ģݺݵһڤħ۵ħʵ֮۵ħȻƽ⣬ԪӤԱһ֮
һ󵨵뷨Ժ֮γɡ
ֻҪҵеĹؼԼܲżƷ󷨣ҲͬܽżƷ󷨺Ȼֽɾżϵ󷨣Ȼ˲临ϱը
ͷһ𺳣ͬʱҲ׵磬ȻЩöġ
Ϊ뵽Щײŷ֣ħӦһֱ󵼵Ǳڵɾһ˴·Ȼǿ
Ȼ䣬뵽ϣЩ߸ϵ
ԼֻҪ⻳ˡ
ĬļƷػ󷨻ǲģң룬ԼӦòᱻĳ˿Ķϣһ룬ͷҲȻ˺ܶࡣ
ͬʱҲԺħʵ顣
˲ʥ֮Уȥ󷨣һֱȴ˽ʱûκ쳣İĲٿʥԼլԺ
صլԺ֮ױֱӵʥڤռޡ
ҹϢнʱʮСʱʱ䣬ʮСʱڤռ䣬ʮˡ
ʮʱ䣬㹻Լϸ˼ħϵˣһֶֺΪ
ֻҪʱ䣬Ȼܲ˷ѡ
ڤռ䣬ʹ󷨣ħȴǱȽʹֻ˼ħȻֽ󷨣ϵĳԡ
˽곹׸ħۺϸֿʼ𽣻
ǵĵһ㾳磬ǽǱ裬ȫѾ깥Ĳˡ


272 ǡϻ꾳
ļǾĹǶͬʱȫԹĹһɲǼʹöԷܵһɥʧ־һʹǷ֮С
Ȼ״̬ǿһٽȫĴɢνĶ֮Ĺ
ǽһ˱Ƶ㣬δóĹ
񣬵Ĺ磬ͷܿ
΢΢ͨ󷨷ĵø׳Լδûһٳ̵ļǾ
¶ģҧҧݶ˽ı仯
ӿϵ߷ţһ̣ս׵ȫеһߣ׳壬Χŷɫ档
ɫĲ𣬴һϢƣϵĴŽǡ
ǣѾɾ˽ǣʵһ㣬ѾʧˣǾҲꡣ
ʵľͳꡣ
֮ǰ޹ˣߡ
Ȼʹƣһ㣬ȴֱӣϾа콣ΪףƳ˷ɽûľ硣
Զԣͬȴεľ磬ʵҪǿ졣
ɫĻ棬׿Ƶʵϣģǡ
Ȼǿֲġ
ʶһֱһٿʼǿĲĽǾ磬֮ͻأһȻڻ涸Ȼǿٱ£ݺݵһʹ
׽֮ҲһľΣȴŬļǿĻһɡ
ڸ߶˵ѹͳ£ǿĻյ״̬£ķʱ䣬ڳξǿͻƵʹ࣬ȶ
Ⱦȶ֮ûǿеḶ́ǿʼͷ𽣻ľ磬һĹΪȻٴεļǵľ硣
һһأʱڣļƢ
һռ䣬ָһ֮󣬴һլԺ֮С
ڵ֮ǰūȫ޷ϵһ𣬼ūҲܿĳ
Ľ̵£ʵҲȶ˾żľ硣
һû˼ֲԸԼȥ棬ٴεĽʥ֮С
ҲԼ֪£ԺܶµĲ֣ĬĬȥ
任һȻٴεĽѧԺȥĶи߼ħۡ

ʱţħѧԺۿҹ㲻ϵĿ޲
ˣܿ±ȥˡ
ʥڲ׵ΪҲѾͻļǺ弶ǣǡǶϻľ硣
ħƿأҲܺĵƿؾżħˡ
ңļ죬׸Ľħ֮еħ鼮¼˼֮УȻ󲻶ϵĲ
żħ֮󣬱ǽħЩѾԽ˾żħĴˡ
ͨ䣬׿ʼ˼ӣ󷨾ż֮ϣҲֻǬ򵥵յˡ
ջܶ࣬ʵ֮Ѹ٣ʮֵľȡ
ˣħ󷨣ܷ˵õİ˼ϵħˣǾżħȴΪԭ򣬲ܷĿеľżħֻܷӰ˼󷨲ɢħ
ħ׳֮ΪС󷨡
˼ħȻ޷Ͱ˼СȣϾľȲͬ
κ˿׶ԣӦǼߣԼֻ֪Ҫ̵˼ȥС󷨺֮ת䣬ڤôпʹС󷨸ϳΪżƷ󷨡
ֻҪżƷ󷨣ʲôʹֻҪԼ󷨣磬ҲøԼɱ
յĿġ
ȻҪŴ֮ػȡ飬޷Щʹػ
һԷ֣ô˵Լòõõ飬Ϊһ˳ĵط϶ǻᱻνġ׷ɱġ
ǺȻġ
ײֻڶʱڣͨ󷨲ϵϵľȡżƷ󷨣ĻһʹһԼپѾڲ֮ˡ
ʥȻȴ޷ͬһԷڲִֻУ
󷨵ػ׾иϣõ飬õںϻ飬ʵٶȣԱ˲֪ٱ
һںʮ飬İ壬ʵҪǣƺ⴩Խռ䡣
Ȼ޷ıʲôֶΣٺܶӭжˡ
˻֮󣬷˺ǽȻȡƵǣҲõĻǻʧ
ֻҪЩİ취ۺϴҪ˱Ѿˡ
׷ɿ˼ţȻãƺңԶ
Ŀģұ׶󷨺ħĲѾ˷˼ĵز
ǿ˲˼ϵС󷨡ħȻûоܾѧ
ΪͬɯĽʹףУȷʵʦĵ
ÿڸܷ棬ȻŶļ⣬һߺܶ˷˼뷨ȴ׸Ȥĵط׸˵Ľѧ
ѧԺƵĴѧ꼶ȴʼѧУҵûдﵽ׺ڵʵ޷ҵġ
ڿ˵Ĵ£׽ѧУʱ򣬱һ꼶ŵȰ༶
ʽ޼ֻѧĿٵʱ򣬶˲֪ΣѧУ⣬޳еĹŮ
ȺӣĦ࣬ͬЩүСǰħ޵ȣѧУ㶼ˡ
УһˣΪݵԭ߲ӵ
չأȻȽݣ׻ֻѧУסޣһķ䡣
䴦ħԱߵڱķڲеλүСסͬһӡ
˶ⷿסֻǷλͬѣǴڵ㡣
ħʯķӸߴֲͣʱ͸һɱµټΧĻ˵ʮ˵á
ſϵ¥ʱŮӭһɫʿսףһȴһɫħʦ泤ۣòƣȴʮ崿Цݵݹ
ӣҲۣû뵽ʵ˺öࡣ泤Ůתţ֮˿ϡ
ʿһЦ˹С㣬㻹һɿ죬ҿٹһ꣬ѧԺõŵĹâˡ
绹ô˵
Աߵһλɫʿս׵Ů΢΢Цţ˵
˿̣һȺ߹Ϊ׵ȴһʶصӣĿ䣬û˵һȷʵȽ㡣
˴ӿ߹ֻ΢΢һк
߹ڵֻ꣬ǵȻĿһһۣΪ׵ǸɫĮĿͣƬ̣Ҳûдкˡ
һλɫʿս׵ŮһȺͼƽ񣬲ѧԺʵǿ㣬ʲô˲𣬳ѧԺֻҵһλͨ򲻹
ߣ
һλɫսŮҲǲм
΢ЦţȰ䣬ֳſ˼䡣
ɭһֱڿߣȴһڿ
ȻܸܵŮӵİͶ˵ĵӣ²ؼ߸߹׶ЩСŮûʲôȤ
ӣ˾ǾĸôҿҲôѽƭӰɣ
ǺɫĻ泤۵Ů֪Ϊǵ˵
ɫ΢΢˼ֵ˹Ҵ磬㲻ҪҴʵ˵ãʲôƭӣ
һº͵ĿƺЩŭŮͷһ˼ģȴЩޡ
Բ𣬿磬㣬ֻǲ֪λ״ǿʵѧԺʲô˵߽׺ڵʵԱҵѽ
ʿս׵ŮӲģЩ˵ŶˣȻֱӵӡ
Ҳû̫ĲƺȻѾϰһ
ױЩŮ˼ƽϣǲӬڶ˵ĺܣ˵ɣз̣ǿɶ֮
ˣҲû̫⣬ֻҪĵߣҲνһͱˣŮʲôݣһĨɱ
ҲЩˣֻǻĽ͵Ҵѧϰħģˣ˹ãҪҴȥˣҲȥæɡ


273 
˹뿪˿תǸĶ׵磬˻С֪أϣ粻ҪǼƽϡ
˵΢΢ͷЦǺǣС¶ѣܺǼƽʲô
ûҲ΢΢˿ǸĿźһۣźô⣬ų׵˿
˹壬ǵ۹Ӵļ壬󹫾˹ֻ˼ȨĪ壬Ѿ޷ͥˣ˹ͣǲò͵¡
ѹ
ױ֪ŮЩ˿ĻȻˡ
źˣֻ΢΢һ˿԰ףȴû̫о
˵ŻƬ̱ס޵ĵطźûдкȵİʰ涼
ȵ׻ﶼѾĻȻһˡ
ŵһϵĹ֮ȻһϵħɵĹŮһЩҾȻҲ֮
ӰǰæµţŸоһܰĸо
Ͱ˺ЦٻӰæµĿⷺһ˿ȡ
ΪӣķֶȺܺãûпλŮЦɭЦݣһֱȽϳĬСˡ
ȻҲעӵĿߵˣȴŬװһģ
˱飬в΢΢һ̾ǹˣβСֻԼѾˣǲȥϲ˵ġ
Ůһߵʱױ˸л֮⣬ţԺͲҪˣЩԼᴦţ⻷ѾϤˣҲԼķɣĻÿҾС
Ļʵ˼ҲѾֱˡ
źȻмֲ԰ףȦһ죬ͷĬȴǵ˵ͷתʲôû˵Ҳᣬֱӵˡ
ĿһۣοЦ˵˼޹ʹʶȻҲ뿪ˡ
һϷţŶķĴ
Ӧ˵һһƵķӣħʯԿ̳ħۼνġԪءģķٶ°빦
һЩʲôľľذ壬ʲôħ޴֮Ķ׷ĺܵҲ֪סͿİ벻˹ϵ
٣ԼûбֳǿʵʱȷʵһֱĵԼ磬լʺֲıȷʵ㲻
ţ˿һʱ俪ʼ˼һЩ顣
磬׾׺ͣӴķ棬Ҳ֪򣬲ѣԼĿģǶȡŴ飬Ȼȡܡ
Ȼﵽǵľ磬꾳Ӧɾ磬ǱϾûдﵽɵ۵ľ磬Ҹ˵Ķ֣£Ҫģļĵ͵
Ǵﵽ˾żĳ磬Ӧ˾żɵ۾磬ʱ򣬲ſܺ;ż˾ڵĸԿ
֪Լ·ܳ
µʱ䣬ײûгţһֱڶϵİ˵ҵʱ䣬׶ʥڤռ֮ȹ
ȻħѾȫĴˣǾħ׻ҪѧϰģϾѧԺħʦǹ˵֮
ʥڲһʱ䣬ҲˣͼӡǣħӡȻѧԺȥ
ʱǸ꼶ѧȥħѧ¥ʱ䣬ǰǰҲǳȺӵ
׳ǰȥŮӺȻǰˣҲ쵽ѧ¥ˡ
ŮӽǴһĺɫĳۣ˹ȻħۣǳǳħӡǸϰħʦĳۣҲ˵ǳεѧ
Ųͬķȥ˹ˣ໥˵Щ֮Ҳȥķ
ųħȥģֻʣ˹һˡ
ǰ棬һ߰˸ֺɫħ۵ӣɫħ۵ŮŮ󣬱˹˹󣬱ףԼߣһںɫľӡ
ڷӣҲ֣˿òǧٹ֣Ѿˡ
׵ʶһɨǰһжӳԺ
ܸоһȵĻԪ׵Ļ˵ֻػ
ֻ磬ӦĻϵħʦ
Ҳû̫⣬ӱħԶʮӾܵˣ⻹һߵʱ䡣
ףֱ˲ƣһ붼ã̫ھס
飬˹һۣ׺۾һںڵתһȦʱͣ
ףΪ̫ڷÿ˼ԼǴҲһֹ
̫Ĵԣܻ޶˵˼߰ͣЪȻΣҲѾӦˡ
˹·üͷ΢壬ұó˼
˹ƺȫʣƣסס
һ˫ֲԵģԵʮֵĵ󲻿һ
ұߵǸһȻ׵˹ȥ
׸ϵʱ˹һεǰ档
׶ŮʮֵĲð˫һһĺ˹У˹һһɾ⡣

ȣȻᣬȴСＸ˵ϡ
һһĲ㵹ڵϣڵħԪرȽŨ񣬼תŬվˡ
˹֮£ʱִŭٿףѾԶԶǰ档
ļ񣬼Ϊ˿Ͳһˣ۸ңҪÿ
˹ʮַŭͨ죬ֻ뵽׺ȻһĿ⣬ͷһɾ⡣
ߣŹģ񣡡
˹Ŭѹ¿־壬Ϊʮֵķŭ˫Եмͨ졣
Ŷ񶾵ֶΣ˹һĳųħѧȥ


274 Ա
ǰϿε˺ܶ࣬Եӵ
ϵϸ֮󣬳ѧԱѾƽΪһٸ༶һ൱ĸ˽̵
ڵĵһ༶ҲˣȻ༶ѧʮ˵ãΪÿ˶дϣΣҲЩΡ
¶ݵһѧϰб̫ϲΪЩ۷ΣױҲֻĬĬˡ
˲Ҳˣŷ׼򣬲ͬ˹һһԷ붯ʲôõ˼Ůλôߣͳͳøۣ
ڳħָݰ༶ȴ˿ӴħΧʹڵİ༶ԵӵΪģţ԰ڣֺ棬һֵļʹӲ
ħʦ˺󣬳Ҳ
ħʦɯ
죬ɯһٻɫħۣ鶯ͬһʹò궼Ŀɿڴİڳһࡣ
ǳɫħȣɯǺЦ˫鶯ǳǳĺιϣԱǳǳСѣ΢΢̵ıӡ
ۡƯһŮ˵
ۣɯʦôȻͬ˵֮еһ㡭һϽɫħ۵Ӳɸ̾
ɯʦ۹ʥħش˵ŮȻ
һƲ׵ӳ

۷׷ףվһ߸ߵƽ̨ϣɯȻЦĿĴѲţڼ׺˫ĿȻһ£֮뿪׵塣
ͬѧǣܵѧԺ˲õţܽһ༶֮еţǣǶǹȥ
վͬһϣǰĹ⻷Ѿٴڣ
ǰǵ۹ӻƶߵƶɯʦУǶƽȵġ
ѧԺֻʦѧֻѧѧ֮ĹϵûӵĹϵϣҪסһ㡣
Уı;˽ԴߣᱻѧУϳͣΪߣ󳼵ӵܣƶ񣬾ᱻѧԺ
ɯ˵ţҲ⻰֮£ȴû˸Ҷ죬Ҳû˸ۡ
ʲôͷǵ汻ѧԺôҲʹһ군ˣΪѧԺУʥħصʵѾﵽ˴˵𣬺ȼ磬Ĵڣ۹ĹҷοЩ󳼵Ĺٻӵܡ
ѧԺ֮Ǳӻǻõ۹ĹλĻǺԼѧԺԣԵ鷳Աһµĳͷ
Ȼ˻һ˶ʱ֮ǰͬѧǰֳż¶Աģ
ɯ΢΢һЦűŵڶѧԱţҲģƽʱֻҪعصĻȻᱻͷˣһϿΣڴҷ׷ҽһ£ʶȻɴѡٳϵӶСӶӳʹӳ
ӶСǴѧʼҵʱŷɢڼ䣬᲻ϵܿ飬֮ǰĿˣ㡣
Ȼ֪ġ
νСӳʵ鳤ְ񣬶ӳڰ೤ְ񣬶׶ԣЩνġ
ȳȥҽܵģŵ˹ǿԼ˹ݣһ˵ԼôӳΣĿĲԶ
һ޵ӣԼԿ̸һҲŮһļС
֮֮ǰǸͬеĮֻ꣬Ǽ򵥵˵ˡĪɭ֣Ͳٶ˵ˣһҲ˶ס֡
ҪǣĪɭĪСү
ҽܣе٩٩̸еҲеİﲻһ仰ˡ
׵ʱҲֻǼ򵥵˵֡סΪûʲôԺյݣҲûʲôƣܼסˣࡣ
һ֮󣬶ȥСʱˣĻֽϺɯİ֮£Ϊǳķ飬һٷֳ֣ʮ顣
ɯ׵鳤ʹӳģֻǿͶƺ˵һĿ⣬ɯȡ뷨
ױ˵һ飬ҲһһһӶСӣӳ˹ӳʱɯ
һʮˣΪһȵɯ֮⣬ޱȵĪɭкǺˬϣʮֿɰɯƣгޱȵ˹д󷽵ޱΪǡ¶ȣгĬƽάҲСϡ
ͨ飬ֻɨһۣȻ˶жԣԸһ۾˳
Ϊ¶֮ˣ˹ֵŮߵһ飬ֻǷ˲ƽˡ
Ҳνѻǵˣ޶ȣ顣
ңϸ˵ô磬׶ԣûӹֻǵԼһҴҹͣõ˾Ŵ֮󣬾ͻ뿪
ԣȻҲһЩСϺһЩĿ֮˼ƽϡ
ɯʦ֮ԭֵĳأʱʮÿһ鳤쵼£ԱļɵȣǴá
ɯֶΣ׺ͣһһĹϵͳֻ磬ȻǱȽϳǰĹֶΡ
ң֪ɯʦʹãȻ󴫳ʦʹõġ
ôһз֮ˣЩϧĸо
һɫħ۵˹˸СӳĹٶƺˣͦһԲСͷǰȥģҫıһš
رǹӵôô˳ۣвһȫ˵ġѲߡĿĿǰ
˿̣ˬʵޱͿɰСŮɯˬЦһվţ˹ƯȴԼţȴǲмһˣĿĪɭֻĪɭģʵ˧ˡ
ƶάһƾɵİɫħۣʹȺ֮кۣħۺܸɾƾɵ˿񶼿˿ӣһ˫ƽİɫħѥӣǰѾĥƶǰɫЬһֻ۾
άͷһֱţֵһ飬Ȼü˷ܣ־Բλ࣬رǿĪɭϵʱ򣬸ǾԱ
ٿƯȺ˹ĿĪɭʱУǲζ


275 üԵŮ
ѧԺ׶ԣû֮ǰرɯĻۿγϣ׸оԼѧ˺ܶҪĶ
׶ûΪϵʵΪĴڣ׷ӵĵ͵ˡ
һֱŲһ˹ȹȻߵһ𣬱Ű취׳⣬ֶ伫һһζСŮ˵Э
׵˼û֪ŮϣŬĽɯĽ⣬󷨾ҪŬǾ硣
ﵽǾ֮󣬳ϵһ֮⣬ԭԪӤڵĵطѾһں˵ĿնĿնռ䣬֪νĽǬˡ
ﵽĳ̶ȣҲֻ֪ҪŬһӣǬˣˡ
νĳһ֮ΪڣеĹǶΪػģǳǾĳһۻʵķԾľ磬һ֣ԽԽľ硣
׵һֱǵȻ϶νħһҴҹȥ磬ô׵˼Ȼ磬ԣ֮⣬һж
磬ʱѾȥѧϰ˳ħԼħ֮УҲҪ١
⼸죬˹һֱȽƽƽıʲôıֻ֪
ʱ䣬ʥڲĵһռ䣬ȴѾȥʮ꣬ô꣬ɰС壬Ѿ绨һ㣬֮
֪ǲǿϲۺɫսףģǻὫõս׷ۺɫִȹ޳ģòǺǳ˫֬ļ
˿˵òףȴҲֻοЦ

磬ҪҪȥɱŮˣ
ʥڲһɽɽͷ
΢΢һЦ磬ҶԣȻֻǴҴҶ磬񣬺ʵ൱ȥᱩ¶ߵݣʮ꣬ļľ磬ѾܲˣûʵսǲãʲôʱΪץħ޽
ŮˣİɣֶΣ˽Ҵˣ޷μεУѣƲȷʵȽϴ⣬ӣҾܡ
¶Цݣ磬ͿŮˣߣΪԼʲô磬ʵʲôҪѧأ
Ͽε飬ڵĵһռǺϵģȻԸӦ淢һС
Ц󷨵ԭ򣬲оҪͻˣֻҪͻˣͺðˣ˾żƷ֮ұȥĵ۹أϿ£ҪסѾľ磬ĵֻһˣ㶼ɵȥĶ֣ңÿ˼ķʽһ
ȻҵЩͬѧʵܲǵһʮֺõģɯơάˣԸ䣬ĺܶ࡮ʵʡ룬ȴǸҺܶ
׺˵ţͬʱ岻Ҫн֮ġ
Բɫȴǽ׵Ļ˽ȥ
ʱ䣬׵ڤռʱ䣬ȴнǧ꣬ʱ䣬ڴﵽ˾żǡǹԪľ磬꾳磬Ҳﵽ˾żɾľˡ
ڴ˿̵ʵ׻ǱȽģȻʱȽϳҲҪ󷨣Ѿͻˡ
⼸ħУӣԼͻƾżƷ󷨵ĳ嶯
˾żƷ󷨣ôһоͽøӵĹþŴ飬֪ԼʵԻͻͽ
߳ԼլԺÿһļ֮ѧԺȥ
˿̣ԭٵĵ۹ֵϣģȴûмˡ
Ӧʶ˿̶ܷųˣһȻĸӦ֮С
ʮأҲû¶ϢȻĸ
΢΢Ӧͷˣǰ˽׺ڵĵԵᡣ
һΣ󷨼ɣ˵֮Ҫ½磬ҪͻƿռݣҲƲᳬż˾磬Ѿٵˡ
ԶԶģȺ˹ģƺȴſϷһ㡣
мַŭȻ֪Ů˱ȽϺݶǾ˽׺ڵĵ֣ȫҪԼɱֻԼ
Щŭˡ
һεĽâȻ䴩͸Դױƺûвһļǰߣмûκε쳣
ۡ
ҺȻ֣Ȼ˲ĵ˵ϣһɫĵϣѾȾѪ
ԭŲ԰׵˿ѪˮȾ˺ɫ˫֮Уǲ˼Ŀ־塣
ײûٳǰߣԭվת
˹ȼȻʱʮ־£սսģҲǲҰһƬ
·ϵԼ˵һθо˾£˲䣬뵽Լݣ˹ʱӿһĪİԼļӴ󣬼ǶԷ֪ԼɵģΣ
ˣ˹η壬һмһѡ
ȱ²ѣ˿̼˹ʱҲ׳ˣǰ˹Ǵ壬ʲô
ȻĴ߹һʾм
վס
׺Ȼ˵
Ů˿Ȼһɫħۣ΢΢һʾĵ׵š
Ϊʲô˹˵ţȴЩ
Ŀһһ죬ʱ˹оһɾ޴岻׷ȥ
˹󺧣ɫҲǴ󾪣ȴͽ͡
˲䣬һֻ֣ͬȻס۵Ĳӡ
׵˹ĲӣڿУĿ
˹˫ţӱסһ죬˫ĿǾֵͻ
ױĮȻѾŵɵˣ˹ŵʱ򣬶Ҳ𽥵û
˹ӴĹͷꡱһƺҪһ㣬ʹɫʱס


276 
ʱ˹˫ԭ鶯͸¶ǵĿ־ĸоôǿҵĳġ
ȻãԭԼôĽ
һʹൽϢĸоǱ֣Ѿ׵˺ĵĸ߰Ͳһ
һֱɶΪ˲˹ʱ򣬺ȻЩƺ׵ԭԼ֮ǰһУȻô֪ɡ
Ҫˣ˵ʲôѾá
ɢնǰľ𽥵ģ˫֮Уʱӿ峺ˮ
ԵĿ־壬ڱѹ֮󣬻˾Եľԭ֮ǰĸо˵ġ
ԭ׼ټһŮӵĲӣšϣʱĿڶԷ˫֮еʱǱ˾ʹ׵ģһĴһĸоʱ
ԷаеϲԼλ˾ԼֻΪԼĲǣСŮ޶ѣɱֻ֣ǲҪԼ
һʱ䣬΢΢㶣Ȼ뵽˺ܶ顣
һŮ濴һ˲˳ۣǲĺͶԷԵģֻǲмĮһԣֻΪڶԷ˺øС
Сʱ򣬿ԼкøеƯŮȥ׽Ū۸ĵһ
ԼȻϴ񣬵СŮǸСŮԼһżɾֺСŮƽϣ
΢΢̾Ϣһ׺ȻԼ̬ûаҲ̫ڱ嶯ˡ
ԣȻһְԽȴһֱŰ֮Լɱ¾׺ȻãԼȷʵûе
ʲôһʵ
׺ȻЩã뵽׺Ȼףǿʳ淨
ǣ˱ϾǶҲϾЩΪ飬վԼ塣
ԼˡңˮĹͷƶô
˿Ук壬Ȼ˳ȻΪ˳ȻӦ̹ȻһС
клаͻɵĺôжӲŻͻ壬ô
һ̣ɲǼ뵽˺ܶ࣬Ȼ䣬׵˾ŴˣҲΪν޵ˡ
ԼʼսԼһͣôԼսԶ޷ﵽԼ۷״̬ҲԶ׻塣
ͬɽħȵط鲢׹ΪЩ磬һ
̬Ȼˣ꾳磬Ȼͻͽ
һֱϰûн꾳磬˿˼ʱ򣬺Ȼٵɱţ飬Ҳ˲ĸںϽ׵塣
һʣ꾳磬ͻ˾żɾľ磬һɵ۵ľ硣
һ̣׾ԼںϽᡣ
磬ʹȷǿ󣬲ΪģΪµ磬ӵħһֻǿʳ
˺ܶ࣬һУֻɲǼ䷢ġ
Ȼ䣬ɿԼֻ֣һµСѾͷΪںŶ֪˼伲࣬ȴû̫Ĺѡ
˹ʶңϢĸоʹоһ̣˫ҲѾϵķڣһȦȦĺƺǰϵ
סĺ˿̺Ȼͨ˹ĿԺ˼ứĹ䡣
ǰľڲôƮˣĳӿ˹˫ˮĴ۽
Բ𡣡
׿˹ǺЩĲӣ˵
׷֣Լĸйٵȣһˡ
ԷͬһѪ˰
˹һʱٸнƺ޷ı仯ڡءһ˽׻УĿ
׵ظ˹ɫħ۵ļϣһʱҲûƿ˹
ȴ˿̶ʱҲɵˣƺ׵ı׵ֶθŵˣҲ˵ֻɵ۵Ŀˡ
Уƺв֮𣬴˿ôֱһأ˼飬̫˼ˡ
û˹׳ʮӣףֻɵɵվһߣ֪ʲô
Ƭ̣ϵѧ·Ͼÿ˿׵Ŀ⣬Щ죬ƺ˵ôôƯŮӸŪĿˣǲ֪ϧ
״˿̲ûиоΪЩĿעӣָоСŮصʵ
ʥ֮У岻˵ߣʵϸǴ
΢΢һЦзһЩů
˹ļЦ˱ˣ˹ĩУ죬֮Ҫ֮ǰȥӶģ߰ɡ
˹ʱҲ˹ŴʪһƬ׵ĻɫħۣʱЩ˼
Ϊ֮ǰڶЩ԰׺ͨ졣
ˣµ֣ٲסҾͱˣ˹Щŭ˵仰ȻǽζŨ񼸷֡
һЦҲ̫ˣ̿ɱңܲô
˹ΪЦٸ۸㣬һ˶Ըģߣ
˵˵˿̷һζײɸ̾ȻС򣬹ȻǶԼ˼
ײˣ˹СĿһۣûСĵˣԺ㲻ңҾͲˣòã
΢΢˵ͷ˹󣬶ʱ˵Ĳˡ
ȣԺ׾õˣҲ׼۸֪ô˹
˼ĿһۣæͷţǵȻˡ
˺ͺ˹˷ȸԾתȦƺûз֮ǰһһȴܸӦ˹ԼŵˣƺʱԼɫ˵ƺʮ־Լ
ЩĪ׵ʶʥ֮С
ЩĲ׵ʶ׵ʶƫƫʶ֮С
ˡЦ
ߣȥСðɡŭ
ɲҵСôǵģýи۸ġ׵Ц
ŭһԼ˵ĻȷʵǺΣŭѣ
㣬㡪
ʱҲ˵ˣϵĴ۽
Цݣĳĵ㿪Цġ
ŵ˵ֻ˽㣬ڣȴ뺦ļŮˣʲô㲻ϲֱ˵ǣαأ֪Լǲ䣬䲻ɡ
֪̬ЩΣϾôҵһͯ꣬һôĿ࣬ĶǺڰ˵ӸԵһ棬Բûз
ʶ˳ʶʱ۳ʵ壬׽һѱ˻
Ҫ
ױ壬ԼĻﰲ
Ƭ̣ΪֻýıΪȫů塣
ҶŻҰĹȥˣ̬ϣЩΣɱ¾ͳ֮л̫ãû׵ıʡ
ĳ˵
ĬֻĬĬţһ̣Ҳܸܵں˵ﻰ
֮ԱƣԱϣʵִǸһǣһϵаͶ񶾣ԣҲдӺкҹͰһ
׷ҪúҹͰͬĶȻ֮Ҫ֪аͬǶԵȵģаԴаʱҲҪѧᣬԴ
ͺñִᣬȻܶ˶ȽľʣǻкܶˣôΪˣǸԸף֮Ƕǣֶ֣֮ἺΪ˲ر
ǵҪа֮иӵаҪ֮иӵҪ֮и
˹ֻһСŮѣûʲô񶾵ģҾУҲǸͨˣǵԣּ䣬С۹ǲѵģСŮֵȥƽô
ͷ˼˵ʱ뵽ģһδֵ֮ʱһŽԼɡеʮԪǮûǮ߻ؼҵ£дҲʮִ


277 ǰɭ
˼ƺидģҲ˲٣㣬ûȫƫĵ·һ㣬Ǻοġ
һˣǷǣƶһˡ
аͳɱ˫ۣʲôȤԡ
дƺ˼֣Ҳȫķˡ
ļʾԼ˼׵ʶ˳ʥ䡣
棬˹Ȼ߿ֵСţͬһֵСʹһȻЩɵĸ׵󣬲Ρ
ħѧʱ򣬵ʦɯѾڵȺˣѾʮˣ˹ʱģҲܿ͵ˡ
˶֮ɯſʼѧڽʱļ⡣
ʮСӳʼ⣬֮СӳָһӶӵɯԼ⡣
һΣɯ֮⣬λİʵǲӣ˾ǺüĿһ࣬һİɫħϣ粿λε߿ǡ
Ĺ̺˳ûκε⣬ֻ˲׵ħʹ΢΢ԾѧԺģʲôˣССľȺҲû˾ò˼顣
ȼ֮˺ɯ֮󣬷ʮӶСһϵ顣
˹СӽܵǰɭΧɱеĽ׺ħޡӰǡ
ӰǲֻٶȱȽϿ죬ĵǲǿ󣬵Ϊٶȿ죬óħȻǿ󣬵ҲȷʵԶԸ
ڿǵ˵ʵĪɭϣǼħҴ似ʵѡ
ɯ˿ģҲֻЩӶСӵĵʶ˰˵ѶʵҲȽϴˣңɭ֣Ҳǽɭ֡ɭ֣ҲŰеյġ
Ϊǵһ༶ΪǿһӶСӣ˹˷֮Уֺڴ
ڸɯ֮һʮˣûи߸·Ǿۺһ
˹з֮Ǹ׼һЩ飬Īɭɯƣϣ˹ޱϣȣάһоˣףϡ
֮۹ǰ˼һ𣬸ôĶ˹Ѿ׼ˣȻ׼Ķȫľۼһ𣬷ű࣬һٷޱĿռָ֮Уʳ棬Ȼ㽻˴󷽵ޱ
棬ȻɺƵϵЩм䣬ԶԣȽϵƽ
ϣĪɭףһεη𾴣˵˾ʮָӵĻӦ
Ҳûб˷֡
һ죬ȽģɰɯѾ˰ɫʦˣ˹ȴһɫħۣȺޱһǳɫħۣĪɭϣȴһɫʿװάȴһӵĹװյ壬ȴԵε
˹϶˶һҰɫʿۣ֮УǶָԷһ
Ȼһɫħʦۣʵʲô·νģоȴǺʵ룬ǺЩսһ𣬳š
һ·ϣ˸˵ЦģĪɭ꣬ҲάԱ˵ŻһγЩ겻֪ļѣ׷ͬһߴߴ˿ûսĸ
һֱڶ棬ǰֻ֣ǸܵһɹɵԵʵԴӺȻһЩ֮׷֣νʵ˳ӦҲǣԼΪ׼򣬸һģ£ȫ޼Ѱľ磬ȻٵԼʵһʵĽĹ̡
޵ϵĸ֣ȻԷ⣬ǻ׹۹ɭֵģǺȻԼȡ֮ɭ֣һ֮أʲô
ϸ˵뿪ıɭ֣ҲΧĻѣ۹ĽĲ֣ԵײûвΣա
µߣһɭֵΧط
ΧҲһƬɭ֣ɭǵĵطѵǺ³³ĵط
ɭ֮⣬һƬ꣬˹һˣƬֻ꣬Ǻ׵ڵķλͬһ
ڵˣʮˣʳﶼ˴ˣ¶޵ģ̫ˡüͷŸ̾ţ˹Ͻܵߣ׼
ȵ˹һۣе
˹ﱻܾˣҲ⣬ٺһЦ¡
άĪɭԼߵԱȽϽ;֮У׶Ƚչˣһֱߡ
ĪɭһҲٵĺţ⼸·Ҳˡ
ɯƿƣ͵ģӹȵĻǰڿҹˣҶע⣬ΪҼӳףħȻҸԽ䱸ϳ֮Ǿɭڲ
ɯ˵꣬ʱųһΧԡ֮⣬˶ʱоһıҲõ˼ķɡ
׸ɯƵħҲ΢΢Щ𾪣ϸǿȻϸõõ㹻ϴ񣬸˵ǿӳ֣ϸĻ
һ㣬ױ֪ͷħˣ׿Կ϶ԼͷŵĻܻˣ׹ˡ
˹ɫħ£ͷϵĺˮҲϵĹţ˵ţƷ˵ĺܶԣҲҵľЩ춼ˣϺúõϢ쿪ʼǿʱ߽׻ǰ˽׾Ž׵ĿԳ˲¹ͷħޣԽĿˣΪ༶һһӶСӣϣҶԻȥ
ԴҽúõϢ֮󣬴翪ʼһҪ߾裬һҪúõϡ
ҲϣΣյʱʵͬѧҲҪʵϾǵҪġ
˹Ļɿ飬˵ҲЩǲҪʵһ仰ȴǸһ˿΢Ц
˹ﶢ˹˵ģſˮĿͣȴǶ˹ģʹ޲ѡ
ά׵ǰƺʲôʣȴֲʣһֱˣĶȴʲôҲ˵
ҹɫٵʱЭĲúħ磬ȻŰĵķ׷ϯϢ


278 һɵ۾
ԭһӰȻٴεĽʥ֮
һҹʱ䣬ʱ֮࣬ʱʮʱˡ
Ϊ꾳ľһֱͻƽǹԪľ磬һΣȻҲˡ
ʱ򣬽ǬҲ͹˳һ㣬Ѿǿ׺ڴ
ӽǵĹԪ޻ʼһ·ޣڵĻ棬ҲѾȫĽʺɫľڤľˡ
ľ֮£״ĳ̶ȸӵķҲӵĺ壬Ϊ꾳Ѿͻƣ׵ʹಢǿ
ʺɫĻ֮УǴ޵ʧһɻţȻһޱȵĽƺҪһ㣬һơ
ɫĽ΢΢һХڤռ֮ڣĹǱѡ
ڤռô꣬ҲһĻ磬ȴ룬ױѾһĳ磬ʮֵ𾪵ġ
Ĺ˿̱֮Ҳɾľ磬׵Ĳ࣬ԽԽԶˡ
˼˲Ƶĳߣ˸ŵĺɫľڤҲһĸ̾
˴˿һۣû˵ֻĬĬĵȴйϡ
ʱţתۼ䣬ڤռڣһʮȥˣɫĻ棬ҲѾȫ׵Ƥ֮С
ȫͨ״һȫƤ꿦˿İ۵Ƥ
ڣ֮˿ѾûеûԪӤֻʣһƬͬռһĿռ䣬ΪǬ
һռ䷨֮һǬռ֮Уȫ׸˵ء
ĿǰǬռ䣬ҲŷƽңСĿ£һ㶼⣬ңҲ֪ռԽ󣬴ΪҲԽߡ
ﵽ˳磬ǣѾȫĿԵɽʹˣϷ⹥ǾԵĿֲġ
ʵѾﵽһɵ۾磬˵ʹ죡
ʱж೤ʵ֮УŹȥ˲İ꣬ԼѾﵽɵ۵ľ磬ɵ۰
ɵ۾Ѿﵽ٣Զ
ʱȫӿ˵ţңչ˿̶ɱ弶ɵˣ
ֻϧµ磬ɽ磬ҪȻԺ۵µɱķΣ
վʱȫûзκεﵽľ磬ϸ˵ѾԻģǻľ磬ȴһ㾳ϵľޣˣϸ˵ѾȫΪɽˡ
Ƴ˷ɽһ̣ȫĳˡ
쿴ףȻԳΣһЦͽҲﵽľ磡
˿̣һ£ڤռ䣬˸һһȡصĽ
΢΢һЦʦĹã
ЦĹȴЦʦˣҲˣ˵ǹãʦͽʸã
ԣЦĹҲʮֵĸˡ
磬ԽԽԶˣʱ䣬ֹʮʱȴмˣۼʱɵ˵ˣƫƫľ˾֮̾Ľ
Ĺ̾вûʲôʵɫֻԵĸ̾ѡ
ԣЦľΣҪ˵ˣ԰ִŵͬʱҪѧӶǶȥ˼ֻ˽˵Ļϣܸе˽⵽Ķԡ
ͺһˣʱƤ֣ʱƸУҲʱֶκʱĴ󷢸ֱһͨˣһͨı仯ڹͣ޵ʱ򣬲ģ͸һˣһͨ
ид˵
Ĺ΢΢һ㶣кȻһɾâһﾪˣ˵ĲڸʱܾЩ죬ҲЩ©ʲôĸоһ˵ҲףΪûͳΪֻһԣΪԼ˽˽Լʵϲ
ȷʵǱ仯ǧģͬʱĸȻ᲻ͬȻô
ĹǼ˵۾Ҳһȷʵˣ
ȻʮҪģȻԼ뵽ǻûĹ˵ôȷĹһ˵һֱľ죬ҲȻһ㡣
ʦ󷨵Ļͽٸһ£׳˵仰мء
˶ûбܻĹĹҲ֪شʱļŬ
ţȻ˵й󷨺ħ飬飬ֲֻᣬΪһôִܱᱻҴ£ǲ˵ȥģ壬Ҳ֪
˺ܾãȻĿһݣ׶ֻԭΪʦãȻ磬Ҫ½˵ѣôҲ˵ǾŴֻǲܳԽż˵ΣգĿռݣܳܵҲȾżǿ̫࣬ΣգӦòǿ
ھŴ飬Ȼѣǽʥ䣬룬ѶӦòô
ȥԣʹǲУʥڲҲǿԵġ
һõˣ˵ⶫаʱʵȻǿԽģȻ֮󣬵ʱһоͶðˣ
ţǰҲãʮһ򵥣һõ֣ʹǼ򵥵ںϣʵᾫʮѸ͵ģʱֻò˶ãܴﵽĸ߶ˣ
ǺǣʱһҪҲ鿴ƶء
Ĺ˵˵䣬ǴЦ˵ģ١
׳˼Ƭ̵ҲãҵʵȻôһ㣬ҲˣӶСӵ󣬱ȥɡ
ţ׺ԼĹֽħԼȷ潻˺ܾá
һȥʱҲէˡ
˼ãһӶСӵķ΢΢һЦʥ䡣
뿪ӶСӣõİ취Ҳõľ˹ͷҲúͿƲϵ
˾ȻЩ꣬ȴҲȻĽЩȴˡ


279 ³³
ûϴЩ꣬ʼԳɳΪʿ
ϴ񣬵֪Щʱ򣬻ǶѾûлˡ
׾ȻԼҪ뿪ô˽ģʼҪ˽ᡣ
˾ױҲ룬ʥ䣬ӰӰ֮УƬ̣䵽ɽ֮УҺɫأɢһɹɳĳʪĳΪһϵĳֿɭ֣żʪȵ¶Ϣʮֿˡ
һڣоһš
Աߵά˿ڹ˵ףܡܡ
׵˵ͷ߰ɣȥǱߣӦòעǡ
׺嵭˵ţûгˡ
糿ʱ˸ڤϢ붨״̬Բݱš
άһɽ꣬άҧ촽Ŀ˸
΢΢һЦң𣿡
άһǾʧ룬ֲ֪ҡͷǸõͷֻǵͷͷĺܵ͡
ԱͲĸһ̱¶ɡ
̧ͷ˾̧ͷͦأʲôԱģ׺Ȼȵ
άһɫѾǵͨ죬ȴ̧ͷͦŬı򶨡
Ŀάһۣ磬˵λ֮⣬ҪģǱʵʮֺãܽѧԺѧУȥѧѣںܶУѾǸ߸ϵˣһжƾԼŬģʲôԱģ
Щ幫ӣ붼ǿŵλȨõĻᣬȣӦΪԼŬԼʵԺԲλ࣡
˵ĿҪҪԼôĿԼֻҪԼν˵ĿԼ·ô˾޷ѡˡ
ҲòԲλ࣬ԼʵʵͳɼԺԼù٣Ա
Уĸĸٵϣȴ˵Ŀ˵Ŀ԰ô
ʵȨλԼȡģΪ󣬼ѧԺѧϰʲôɾͣ
ǳάƶͥôαԱƶ£µûƶ
άһĲҧ촽ǶѪ˿
ֻĿά
˵Ŀ̫ǿЩ㶼ҪסûйϵģȻƶȥںһխôԴкӣֺαȥƽ˹ʲôɫ·Ůˣȥūг˵۹ѧԺһѧݣ˶ͽ㣬Ůˣ
˵
άҧ촽ȻᶨĵЩά׷ά׷ħռ磬׷ΰħʦصʦĳɾͣ
ᶨĻ֮У͸¶˵ļ
׵˵ͷһ츳꣬ϣδټ㣬ϣǸʱǻܳΪѡ
άЩɻĿףΪʲô˵ԭĿģȻûдﵽȴһ
ʱ;ȱٵģһָĵѣһ˵Ҳʧ
׵˼ȴǱȽһģΪȷʵάӽѧԺԼߵħ׺ħʦˮ׼񣬲Ű꣬Ѿ̤ħʦڵľ磬ٶȣȷʵʮֵľ˵ˡ
ȻάȽϵ͵ˣڼʱֻͷĽ׺ڵħʵȻ˱Ƚϴĺ䶯䶯ȴǱ˲ħѹơ
ȴǿָάʱ˵Ļ
δԼҲҽսֻпά
ǺܶˣԣС
浽άһ죬ԼѾ֪ʲôˡ
΢΢һЦԼĻҲЩЦԼ֡졯ʡ
άˣӰͬôļᶨ֪һ̣꣬Ѿȫĵõ˸ı䡣
ıģҲ޷Ǿô˶ѣӶСӣ˵Žᣬܺˣ׵뿪Ҫһ߻
ײ벻Ƕ
ɽ꣬׵ʶȴǺɨƬ֣֮ӵڲʱѾ˺³³
³³Ȼʮ԰˿ˬþ޴צӺһֻҰħޣǾ޴һ£Ұ޺Ȼ䵹أʮֵľ
׼˲ĳں³³ߣ³³ԭҪ۸Ұħޣʱǰ΢΢һʱŵĲ
˵ĸоǰӵĿֲˡ
³³ɵӣ׵ĺȻߵ׵ŻġŲơˣиӵĺˡ
¶ԷԼԴڳħ£µҪ
΢΢һЦ³³ӾˣҵĲ
Ұħ޳ûˣǺ³³µĶֻҪǣȻҲ֪Ǻǵġ
󡭡ˣ³³ʲôء
³³˵ԣȻ˿ȴǼᡣ
΢΢һЦ³³ģȷʵе£ģǲ㣬ȸô
һһżƷԪʱ³³ڡ
³³һǱܵľҪܣȴǸܲʱ˸׼
һͶ飬³³ģʱҲ˰أΪԼҪˡ
ֻǲ룬˹һɹȶӴľһԴϴܣǿʹ嶼ʼ
ǿĸоʹú³³̲ס˻
Ҫĸо
ԼҪˣ
³³еļ֪˿̲סҪˣ궼ھŽ׺޷ͻƣǰ࣬ȻԼ
³³ĺܼ˿̣ļɱ䣬³³֪ԼʱˣҲˣ
Ķǿĳ֮ģ͸ǿ֮Ӧ
ȴź³³ϣſʼͺ³³ʼ̸
ȣȻ׼³³ȡʥڲ׼ƤǿʵҲ̫ǿʵٺò
ΣȻȥɧӶСӣȻԼͦΪȶЩСӽѵҲ˳뿪۹


ʮ ֮


280 ֮·
³³һ֮󣬺³³׵˼Ȼ֪ΪʲôһҪΪµħޣûǩκεԼЧңȴǴĵġ
ңΪӵ˴ﵽʮ׵ȫĽΪս״̬ܶ׵ĻȫΥҪ˺ЩӶҪûսҪܺõϡ
Ǻ³³ԼõΪֻ֣ҪԼֻҪԼȫЧʵǿ󵽿ֲˣĺôãԼ֮ѰҪõ̫ˣ
ңʵͻͽͷ³³֪Լһ࣬ԼҲְ취ĥԼһ㣬³³ȫɵġ
Ϊ³³ûκεʣôԸ;ô
³³ֵɣֱӵ˲ƻصСɽʱ׷֣άѾɽͷŬˡ
Īɭڻ๥ս˹һҲʼڤ룬ɽ֮أޱշѾ׼ʳˡ
ճɫŵů֮⣬峿ּȸĻУȻţ׺µĿһƬů
ǵģѧڵѧϰѾ׵󷨵֮Ȼ޷żƷ󷨣ǸϵľżƷ󷨣Ҳ˲٣ͬΪⷽ棬һҲãԼȷʵûбҪѧϰȥˣѧȥҲ˷ʱѡ
ᣬ뿪飬õѡ
˹ΪԼļԺ֮ʧ֮󣬵ȹ֮ǲⷽйͶġ
峿ķܺ㣬ˣر䣬Ҳرȡ
׾άߵʱάѺõЦЦϺĪɭˣҲòĵ˵ͷ
ʵҲѾ֪Ľ磬ǰ˽׺ڵĿֲʿʵʵĿ˲ħǱжôǲԶġ
˹һ룬Ȼϲȴƺ˹ڣʾԼֻĪɭ˿ϱעֻŬİޱɯͣҲȻ
ףȻǲСǳŮȥ⣬ɨһǷĵ֮ɫʱƿ˫Ŀ
ɽ귭ʱޱʼˡ
ϳ٣˹ʱҲˣƬ̣һȺΧһ
ǻ߱ıƤ̳ģһЩƵĿ⣬һЩƷľˮ͸㡣
ײ⻯Ҳ˵㡣
˳ԵĻǺܿĵģΪҪɭ֣Զʮֵĸ߿
ģĬͬŵЦݡ
ϸ˵ײûоЩ׸ΪǸԵĸԣʹʵĸо
극֮һʮ˱ɭ֮˽ȥ
һжʮ˳Ҳ׵ĽǣȻЩСļգȴûдΣա
ȡǾʯ֮󣬿ԣʳﶼ˲١
άϵ˱ѾҪȥȴڲȥ˹˲֪գһƽ֮£ܲסɭջɭ̤롣
һУȻ׵֮С
΢΢ЦţҲ˽ɭ֡
ӿʼ׵ħǿʼǸ˵УŬţûгΣգ˹ȵˣٶиˣֻĽѵ֮£Щ˾Ƿ˺ݣȻû
ʱάĪɭԼϼɫǰɭ֮Уʵ̫ˡ
˹֪ȴǺȻҿ뿪ɣֻоŽħޣ
׵Ļʹ˵ģݺһʱ˲ɶһɺ⣬ƺͷ˽š
˹ʱžú£촽Щ԰׵ĵңҿˡ
һ˿棬ĥŵĴҴһ£˹ͷͷ룬Ȼڶĩβ
棬Ҫ۵ġ
׾һСӵһľ飬ʱֱʶ֪ͨ³³ж
𡪡
Ȼ䣬һƵĴ֮ɭ֮дƶֲӴֻܷԲﷶΧɢ񱼡
ͨ׵˵ķʱֻ˽ȸǲСʧ˫һʱŵϵȥ
˹һѷסȣԼɫҲǲ԰׵
ˣǾŽ׺ڵħޣغܣڲħޣĪɭԴǣ˿̺Ȼ˵ˣ˿ɫʮֵء
׵ɫҲʮֵġءȻװġ
ܵٶʮֵĿ죬쵽ں֮ܵ˲䣬ܱ˹
Ӵֱײ׳Ŀûκ׷ױײĺ۶ϣȴûκεˡ
ɭֶڲԵľ۶֮һš
СֻͮͮĿ񱩴飬ֻѪɫħһֻһͬһɽһĺܺ˫ۣһʡ
ɫ԰ף巢־Եѹѹ£Īɭȱʵܲ꣬ʼˡ
ʵħޣȫûлȥϣˣǶԷԼһˣҪȻ;Ǳ֮֡
ܺȻſ˿ֲѪڣһɿֲĻҺɫĻ棬ǿ
磬֮ȫΪڵ
һѸݵٶȣûܹ
һ̣вôĽܹһ˹侲ˣȫĿֻš
ʱ׸оӰȫˣźȻˡ
һֺȻͷų˿ֲľŽ׵Ĺħ˲䣬һ͸Ĺֳ˵ǰֳ֮󣬻͹˸ܵĽӴ
أ
Ȼ䣬͵ըǿľʱȫƷ˳ȥȻݺݵˤ˵ϡ
һƺߣǿеƳһѪȻ٣ȴҪʵѡ
һѪվںǰƬ̺󣬺ȻһŽ׵ħʱؼһƬҰס
ǵһʹħΪԵĴʹñ궼ƺܵһĹâһ£׷֣Լ꾳ͷ˲١
ˣٶѾɢ˿־;£ʵҲƺ˲١
˹άһ֮£ʱǸǵǣССӺǺӴĶԱȣɸǵˡ
׳źûзȵߣҿ˶ˣԺҪǵãĺ˲ǳû㹻ʵͲҪԽΣյĵط
˹˹ִĲߣ״ŭֺȵߣٲߣҶһһȻΪұ𣡡
˵ĺܼʱ򣬺Ҳŭݺݵţÿһ˹ͷĿѣ
˹˫ӿˮҧý촽Ҳ֪ԼһֻϺȣ׷ģԣݺת˹ȵߣ
ҧ촽ûп޳𣬰ѾģֺںھΣô̡
άĪɭ˵ĸж
꣬£޴ΣգȴǱƽʱԼںһ˿
ߵĺԶˣȻܸоķս
һһޣһֱϣԶԶĿȥһƺݺݵ׵ϣѪȾ˰죡
еĽҲݺݵ˺ܵԴϡ
Ӱèּ䣬ֺݺݵһ£ȻٴεĻָƽ
˹˵۾ʪˣɭΧȴ˰£û׵Ϣ˹ˣʹ뿪ˡ
ص۹ʱ򣬵۹ִ䣬ӿϰ似̫Ͷ룬˶Աˡ
ǣ۸ӡ
λãȻԤ˿ӣ۹Ϊ£Ȩͳεĸȶˡ
ͬʱѾ壬̤˵ػ۹ʼѰŴðա
ɭ棬Ϊ飬ûκεΣգڲֻѰһ仰Ǿǣ֮·Ѿ
仰ʱʵƽУѾĲ²⵽ʮ飬űء


281 ֮
ػ۹۹ϲ࣬ӵŹ½ͺӴĳ̶ȣ˿ǧļϵĴС
ʮ۹䱾ʮӴģЩѾ˽⣬ˣʮ飬ҲѡĴ½ڡ
ػ۹ҲΪػ½ԵػΪ֣ɼػ½ϣһΧʮ˵ãܿǣһȫ
̤ڷɽϣڿУ˿̣᲻ᱻν֣ΪҪȡõػ飬ʼǻᱻ˷ֵģֻǳѡ
ͬƮƮһɫĳȹĳеޱȽޡ
ʥڲɳô꣬ѾɴˣȻҲнǧˣģȻͬʮŮһ㣬żִĿɰ
׸磬磬Ӵʵһ硣
վ׵󣬽̤ŷɽ岻ɸ̾š
ܺһεؼ䣬ޱȵ㡣
¶һº͵Цݣȴû˵壬Ȼֵĸ̾ݡ
һΣȻǰػ۹Ľ֮أҲνġ֮ءҪѰĻ顣

ڵػ۹ı֮أҰһƬߵĹ¼֮أƬأųƵ֮
ǵ԰ȴԸܵԵϢû
ڼӲϣһ޼ʵ洦ѻ۰׹ǣ˵ͷǵȣԶ׼
Զնĺ۾棬һɹɵڤĹâ˲
𽥵ıûǶأ׺еʱѾܲƵĳˣҡҡλεģ׵ػ޷վȡ
ȻʵǱϾǺԣ۰׹ǣѾ촽࣬ˣֻΪǾǿӣûжʥ֮С
ɫƽȡɽ֮סĸ첲Ȼ
֮أҪ룬ףѴ֮ܽ룬ǽ֮ȴǲܣΪǵƿⳬԽż˵Ľ֮⣬ûκγȥķ
ʱ׺ֱ˱֮صķΧ
ķΧһɳصĸоʱݺݵĳ˵ģʵǿȾܲסˣ촽Ҳʼ
׿ۣһԪתһȦ֮˳ɫ΢΢𼸷ֺεʱȴԹԵĽʥ䡣
Ҳ֪һֻ̣ʮգԼߣֻȡ
ʣһ˵ʱ̬Ϊȥ˵ʬǣһŻǰȥ
ĺضֳһƬ谵Ļ֮Уûν⣬磬ҲȫĶϾϵ
һɭɭİ׹֮дУÿһξ룬ȥܾõħ޵ʬ֣һѶѵģ˵ʮֵܼ
Ļ£΢΢һ磬𵭵ĳңҲһʬǱ绪Ǻ˵ζ
׸֪ʮȻûкȴЩС
ܶˣЩͷӲĳ̶ȶɵ۵ĹͷӣȷʵЩհĿȽ򶨡
棬׵ʶҲֻ߷Բû޵ӳȥߵٶȣҲ졣
ĻԭһֱǰˣɽˮҲû޳ĻŵӰ
ҹ֮֮ǰҲûκε״
ۿܣһĻĮİ׹ȻǣɳȻĴȻһƬŵĴء
ͣס˲ȥ֪ҲͬĽ
ⲻҲʲô󣬶һ󷨵Ļ
ǰǰԶҲһĻԭͰ׹ǡ
һ·ϣ˳ĺ죬㲻üį
˼ãĽķԭһ˿ˣ˵ǹɣϸ˵ҲһǱѡ
ػ飬׵֮еĵػ꣬ػ꣬Ӧúʹӡ
һ֮׶ʱ򣬿ʼӦصı仯
صʥ֮УʱţȻһ򱶡
һ򱶵ļ֮£׿ʼӦصķ
ָ򣬿˵һµĸط򣬱
ӴصĲʼصıǳܻӴصʼصĿݽߣ˥ϣһĽ͸˴֮С
һأҺɫ֮£ŲΪ֪ܡ
ۣĸ֮Уʱһ꣬ڤռ䣬ӦڵĴطҲһꡣ
¶һɻȻĹâҲʶļٺͻƴطܡ
һ棬ˮ֮䣬һѸװӰ羪ףȻڴ˿̣һճֵĽ˺Ƭء
֮һУΪһƬޡ
ΪŬɡ
һ̾еʱûκεĸо
ƽµƽЩȻΡ
̫ܣƺһĿʼ¶˶ߡ
˵ı󣬻Ȼǲƽġ
˽˴ط˺ȻʧƬؼ䣬ڤռڣûӰĵػƻԭҲӰ
˿̣׳һⰻȻԶſռ䣬ϸ˵һ󷨿ռڣһطǴط򱳺Ŀռ䡣
棬еػ飬Ӧܣػޡ
ƮȻɫսҡڣȶӰڿУ޷Զ
иɽккҲֻ꣬еһУԳ˴صϡ
ΨĻʹһֻȻεĿ̾
壬ͬһڿУȻеǰȥ
ɽɽɽͣԽˮˮĺĵڿеĽǰŶסΡ

һ׵Ȼ䶯ˣһΣǱܵģ׼飬ȵһ
壬Ȼ꣬һֱӵУȴûʹ£ױѡ
ɽˣˮɺˣеһУȻ䶼۵˶һڿеľϡ
ɫĹâ˸ţ۵Ĺâ
еһУܿľۺһȻ󲻶ϵɱ䣬ɱ䣬ɱ䡣
һֻͬźɫñ£ֳһаħ
ֻڶ۾֮Ǳ绯˵˵ãֻĺڶһ۵飬ɢĹâ
һ̣ں飬˲ˡ
ĽʱǾת䣬Ǳʵһѧϰֻʵȴʣ˴ԵĶԱһ
걾ʵƺ˲Ĳְ塣
ʵ棬ײǿ󣬵Ǵ˿̣ԶԷռжۼġꡯ׷֣ȫûо֮⡣
걾ʳ̶ȣߣʥˣһֳɳڣҲǴһ־ƽƶĽ׶Σ£ΪĽͲǳɳˣǴ˳ɳռ׶Ρ
Ǿ޴ĺӰγɵḶ́ġ
ԷۼЩӰ֮ǰڴĮЩ˵ꡣ
̣Щ𾪣Ӹط֮ױѾʼ귽֪ʶȤˣȻģйػһУ֪ⷽʶȣȵоΧȻǿ˲١
ΪǺӰɲǼ䣬ںϵǧ˵꣬ԼʹãԼΪ׶εꡣ
ͨһ㣬׺ףֻҪ̽ܣ˵״Իܿı
¸¸¡
ӰȻֽɫӰȻ仯壬Ȼͳ׾˹
׵ʱŶԷЦ𵴲ȶԷЦ꣬׿ֲķ֣ǣƺҪɢһ
״󾪣ȭͷսҲûж룬ʱһޱȵ֮


282 ؽ֮
ɫĻӰռ䣬ߣķΧˮйͨ
ף˿ѾһһѾʵĽһ֮컯ȡ֮Ľ
ɫâ˸ɫʰ쵵磬ȻԵþڡȻʶȻҲȻĴһ֮
ǳ֮磬ƺ͹ȫڹ˳һ̣ҲΪ֮ɫ䡣
֮Ľʹ׵꣬ɳΪ˳Ľ׶Σ꣬ǣѾ仯Ϊһ̬һ̬γɵĳ֮״̬һǿ˭ĸо
Ҳһָоȴޱȵš
ɫĻӰһĺɫ磬ͬҪ˺һһ
ӰǱը֮ɢ俪˲̻ôĻҲôĴϢ
ѾΪһֻɱ¾Ǭڲػ׵ʶ
͡
ݡ
ںɫĵ绡е·֮׻ĽҲѾ˳ȥ
ٶȣԼԼ޷ٶȣֻоռôһ£Ȼ⽣Ͳ˷ĳ˳ȥ
һһɽʱ͸ĻӰգ͸͵֣˻Ӱ档
ɫĻӰͬһǽһ㣬ͣƬ֮󣬻ȻϸСƣȻһ飬ȫʧ֮С
Ŀȶ˵ĿĽ֮˸ĺĹâ
ɫĻӰ֮Ǿ޴ĺӰϣ΢΢һʱȫɢĺӰĺɫŵķޡ
ÿһֻޣûоģƷʣʮֵĸߣһֳɳ׶Ρ
ЩޣȻۺγһԲװΧ棬ͬʱǲϷӰϵı仯ţ˲γһֻһĨɱ󷨡
󷨣һ󷨵ȴεУһ˶ãǶ̬ڵˣȴǡõʮġ
Ȼ֪һʲô󷨣Ϊﵽ׶Σһ۾Ϳһֻһɱ¾󷨡
вû̫Ĳ״£ֻ֣ҪôɱӴ伣ҪôɱԷȡõػ顣
ˣǿ겻ϵ׻Ľ˹
׻ĽС׽׽ͣգûж
ķ޳ȴײ׽ĽϣȻ
ǣͬɶ˻һûֹģһȺȺķ޲ϵĳһĥġ
ĹȦϵķתţûͷûβЩޣƺҲԶһϵ׽ȫûͣЪ
һսûķӦԵĻԶֻҪ׽֮󣬱Լ伣ʱˡ
״̬£ȷʵ
ǰĺɫӴӰһĮȻ
ͬǳ׶ε꣬ΪζԷֶΰٳԼȴûг֮
вϵ˼ţͬʱ˼ų׶ε꣬ǲҲ߱Ĺ
ţװиӦԼ꣬һ˿˿ĸͬʱ˺üݵ𾪡
ȻȻ
׶ε꣬ȻűĹôĹ
״˿Ϊ׽״̬뵽һ㣬ʱһͬʱ׽ⲿλ͵һ
ʱȫ׵·ôˣ
뵱ʱ򣬳ֵľʫʣȫˡ
Ǭճɿգأ²лǧѪ콣޺գ
콣޺ۣ콣֮磬콣֮磡
׺ȻЦһ̣ǲ򹦷ĺ֮·֮Ц
콣Ȼеؽڵؽ֮󣬲콣ӵеػ飬ǿؽĴŵõԿô
˵ǲǼţ˵ػܣͻƻľ磬ֱӽؽ֮
ؽѾȫǻһ־ˣǡںϴطѾǴһ桢ɻľˣ
׺Ȼ̲סļʱĺ飬ʹҪ
Ȼ״˿ȴһҲûзϣʮֵĿ⡣
ˣˣ
ľԣҲˡ
һҪʲôѪҲһҪʲôĶԼﵽ콣֮֮󣬾ˡ
죬Űɣ
׺ȻЦΪ׽˿̵ףһХ
ǽ
ɫľͷƺ΢΢Ǿ޴ĺڶһ˫֮Уڤ֮һʱķ޷Ľ
ףȴȻ壬Ҳûз
Ǭճɿգأ²лǧѪ콣޺գ
Ǭָ꣬ϣǬ֮УҲ걻ںǬ򣬺һѡ
ճɿգգΪգҲǲգν겻գǲӡ֤˵״̬Ľ֣͵һУγʵӡ֤
أָֻ˵أȴֻӰغϣҲǽ˵ںϣǲɼģ˵ս״̬ɼò뷽棬ָ˶ݵĲطĽ֡
²лǧѪ¡л꣬ǧѪЩΪ˾дա
һ䣬콣޺ۣա⣬ͻļޣһλǵսᣬµĵ㡣
ӦÿԻָ֮ˡ
׵˼ٵ˼ţǵ֮Ĺȫûзϡ
֮׽ز겻
ǧԶһ塣
׽ڿУһεİ֮䣬ٶķ׽׽Ҳ˿
ٳƬ̣ȻһɢصǺɫӰϡ
ɫӰ۳ʵӰ﷢ĺ֮ǳƵĽʬڵ

ɫӰԴףȻ䣬һľ޵ݺݵ
һģطĽʱ˹ȥ
͡
ֲıը˽ֵĿռ˺˳ֻľʹѣ׶졣
ǡ
ռ䣬Ȼ䱬ը׶ȴ˿
˿̣ں飬һָ״̬ϴط׵ʵҲʮֵĿֲ
׳׽Ӱڿٴζսա
ɫʰ쵵磬˿̻ĩһ㣬ϵըѣը
ɣɢȴûа֡
׽дذ巨򣬶˵ػ޾壬һս͵ػ֮ս
һս׳׵ʱ䣬޷κǺɫӰԷҲ޷κ
ֻ㲻ϵĴ֮£ռ䣬һͿĽսʹ׻ǿս飬ҲԽԽɣķӳҲԽԽ
ػ۵ӰȴԽսԽǿͬԽսԽݡ
ʱţսʶĴ򶷣ƺûͣ͹
ָǿȵսṩ׵ʵƬ̣Ҳֲ
ֻǣ׼ȫǱսǱѾ˺ۣƲֻǳսıܣһֱûͣЪ
սѾƲսˣ׺ǺӰͬʱӿ䣬׹ǱըԨ
أ
أ
ݺݵڽڵϺһ֮׽ѾѪģ
ɫӰҲһźɫӣڵϹ˼Ȧ֮󣬻һڹ⣬׵֮ڡ
ʱȫ˺ۣһʧš
׵ľ磬˿Ѿһĳ磬һĵؽ磬ȫģֱӵĳԽ˾żĻ֮磡
һؽ֮磬Ӧ꾳磬Ѿﵽ˿ֲһľ磡
νػ̺Ĵط򣬾νĳ


283 
ػ飬֮ȡ֮ں֮ڹʹصİ壬һֵһ֮ͬеĵػһ
ͬģΪԣضԵ֮⣬ʥһ֮ˣõҲǲܵġ
׶ޱߵĴؿռ֮Уƽ֮ͷ˼ŵػһС
˴صİ壬һսȻȥһ꣡
Ҳǣˣһꡣ
ײɵһһ꣬Σһ꣬Ϊһ񾳽磬һ򱶵ʱô죡
лǺġ
ȻĴط壬ֽ˹ĸо
ͬʱҲȫĲģ½Լ鷳ˣﵽһ񾳽磬ԽĴڣ½ʹǾż񣬶ѾԼĶˡ
Ͼһľ磬ѾԽ˾żľ硣
ο½ģֻǾżˣҲ֮ĸ֡
鲿ֵǣ׶ˣʱһ˿ͬˡ
ˣǳԽʥ˶ڵģһָλȴǲ֪ΪһʮֱȥģֽЩ⡣
ʵ˵жôָλľ״̬磬ȻȥӶǣΪ飬ʵ˾졣
ɫأһּǿʶȡ֮󣬶׸оʮֳʵĿռ䡣
֮䣬һӰȻ˷ĸιȻıˡ
һɲǣӰȻ֣ߵһӰȻ˿Ȼѳ㣬ʧؼ䡣
Уʮ㣬Խɫ֮䣬ʧһӰҲȥ
һУҲȻʧˣأʱ
õһϢҲԴڵػ֮еһССƬζѣҲΪƬΣ׺Ȼ֮ǰλϵһ
һλȻڲһλ֮·ѾڶλǣΪŬɡ
λٺһƬϵײٴεķ
˶Ϊõӣ
ߣʮ鱻ں֮󣬻ḴԵĥѣ
ֻĲ˻ɻ飬ϣ˸
һʱ뵽˺ܶԣҲ޿ɱģ£׽˼üͷøˡ
鿴ӻӵĸӣһ㣬ҲȻ׵磬ɽȣһЩλ磬ǰʥ˽磬Ϊ׺Եķ֣ʥ˽磬ʥǵѾʥ꣬ȴڳɳ׶Σǵ꣬ûдﵽ׶Σ
Ҫ˵Ʒʵĳ׶֮󣬻һȫ״̬ȫ״̬֮󣬻һ־״̬
׺ȻЩȻͲһĿ־壬뵽ĵط֮󣬳ֵһȫľ⣬Ҳһ֣޷еĵһ˿⡣
ˣˣôͨ飬Լ꣬Ϊ׶ΣŴطİ壬ǿԿǿĶսġ
ֻҪȵİ˴鶼ռͿЩԴκεطʥ˽磡ʱܾȵˣɱ죬һбˣ
ţɱ֮飬û
ǵʱڽɼҲûκεѡ񣬵Ǵ˿̣ѾԸȥˡ
һվоƬռı仯΢΢һЦһذӳռɲǼȫı任ģ
ҡͷһЦһӣƬռ䣬ʧˡ
վͬĮһɳ֮ϣػ۹ĵػ򣬴Ȼһ޼ʵİ׹ǣһƺûκεĸı䡣
˭Ҳ֪ں֮еĵػ飬Ѿȡˡ
һּ̣ǿѾΪ꣬ӴޱȵЦˡ
Ӱֱʧԭأʥ֮ڵһռ䣬ʱ䣬Ѿȥꡣ
Ȼ˺ۣڴϢŵĺ³³֪³³ֻûʹˡ
ȻһЦʱûо壬ǳȵػ
ʱһ׶ʱȫĽͬʱһ˲䣬ת䣬ʹܷĸоصĲ
ͬĽһν֮ȫתһǸӰģڣƺͬӵޱǿ
ͬʱԺ֮еģȹֶΣ
£ͬǳ׶ΣҲ˵һŵػ飬ѾԳʥ˵Ʒˡ
ʥǿȻǿ󣬵Ʒν׶ΣҲֻǴ޵ĳɳ׶Σ׶ΣȴѾԽ˳ɳ׶ΣȻҪЩ˵ǿ
֮ɳ׶ε꣬ʥˣҲ޷͸׶ε˵ʵνҲᱻ׵ɱΡ
ͬĵƷζıʵĲͬȻҲ㡣
ֻ磬ʲô磬Ʒλͬģ׵ȴתǡΪƷβͬ˵֮⡣
ҲЩԭ
˽⵽˴ذͷʵ˳Ľȡ˵ػ飬׵ȻǴãȽźǣ͵ػȴ޷ͬʱϽ׾Щź
˵ʵڵģ뵽һܴﵽ״̬ȫ׶Σֻǿʮּ򵥵ľˡ
뵽һ㣬Ҳ뵽磬ɽ磬ҪֶԸɽ֮ˣ֮
ͬģԼ˿Ϊ˳׶ΣҪԸɳ׶εֻ꣬Ҳѣֻǡ
뵽ҲֻΣȷʵԸ꣬ȷʵѣٶȵȣ϶ô
һӵнɽСӺһӵž޴ƸĵһϣСȵУҪ򵹵˵ҲѣʵϣȴǼѡ
һġ
ڨڨЦЦһµػǿ֮˳˽״̬ߡ
һΣûϢ
ĵطһɽˮ徲֮أһռڲõľˡ
׳ֺ˫ۺȻ˿
һףʱ˫ˮ͸ίƲͣһſŵ
֪¶Ĵһ꣬һСŮʵǱ͸ѹģԼѶȫޣȻֵĵĲˡ
һʱ䣬ҲмǸ⣬ĺɫ㷢ԣˣⲻû£ô
ء
屧ףʱ޵ļˡ
ȻǰɫĳȹȻݶ˵壬֮΢΢мָж
һ˵һúõĺһŽСĸ
æ֮˵ڶڤռ䡣
һռ֮ȱʶɨһռ䣬һʱ䣬ȴֻ˾żľ磬ĹȻڴ֮С
żĻ磬Ǿż񾳽ʵˣһ꣬˾żľ磬ҲǼ侪˵ٶˡ
ĹʵҲ弶˵ľ磬ָ£ʵʮѸ١
ֱӵĳ˳˼֮еǰиӦʱ
ǾȣҪʣױЦʦͽѾĹ˳
״󾪣ĹҲʮ־ȣʦͽ˶ʱʮ˷ܵĳ̸
˴ذͷȴ뷨ıϣֻԭǾ緽棬ȴûôӣ˿һ˵Ȼ
ӽ⡢ġ顢ꡢǵľ磬Ȼٿʼȵ֮磬ȴǾͷ
֮󣬸صİ壬ɾ͵ؽ֮硣
ؽǲϵԴطͽ꽣һʹù֮Уͷ򹥻ֻ
׺֣̽˾ż콣֮콣ռľ硣
ʱµľ磬ٴεĵ


284 ֮
ﵽ˵ؽ֮оȻһζ
ӣҲ꣬ʵȴѾһ֮磬ʵ׸ӵ
ԼĹһ׸ǰķ򣬶ͬʱŻ磬ȻȵĿٶҪ̫ࡣ
ʥ䣬ȻվĻԭ΢΢һЦ漴Ҳ˳
Ȼһذ׵ĳڵĳһ˸֮Ԫʯһ鷢ഹ䣬趯Գһֱµķ顣
ذ׵ĳ£ͺ֮һζǽ۵Сƺűһ޳ģȷʵһǣĵջ
׸硪
ĺһʱ˵׵֣վ׵ߡ
΢ЦͷӦ
οɲˣҪ׸һأ岻ĵĵ
ߣߣŮӲŻ¶ôһĻ
΢Цٴεͷʵڵһ磬Ǻ绽ġ
ңħۣżƷ󷨣ѾʦͨͨƷ󷨵ķֽ⣬׿˲оżۺħ˲󷨵Ŀֲ
˵ǲľʵƾʵ׶˲ɱ弶񾳽ĸ֡
û٣Ҳûн磬µʵȴ׺Ժ
һ꣬һһ꣬ȴľ
΢һҺɫĳۣƺ˼ֲɣ
ĿɨǰµƣȻһ֣δģǿҵš
һԿţȴǰٰļ¶ںڵ֮Уƺֻһ˵Ӱ
УҲֻؼ䡢żǿŵӰ
׸磬ģԶߵġ
ײ֪У˿ѾΪᶨĿ꣬ΪĿ꣬ϲһС

ȥ۹ȥ֪Ǵˡ
׸磬ԿʵӦ緢ĵ˹ɡ
ǰ֪ǻǲǵأ
϶ǵãĽû˻ǵġ
Σͬ͸һ㣬壬˲˲Ƴ۹ķΧ
·;ȻңԶʵǿ֮½Ѿ׵У˲Ҳ׾١
Ȼ˹˿ϺڴҴ£Ȼͬǿӡ
֮ʲô˿̼һĻǸһЦ⡣
ȻѾȥĺӶѾѾ꣬ЩϣǿԻʮǿ׳ʵҲѾﵽ˾Ž׺ڣҲ˲ˡ
ˣ˿Ҳģ͵òкܴĸı䣬ϸˡ
ڻʹĺ󷽣һ˼̨һῡĵǺͺħͬھ׵ĵ
״崩Խ¥㣬ʱв˼ִ
һòмֲɣŮӶػţһֱ
׵ȻŮӣ˹
Ȼһһʮˣ˹˶˼ֳ֮⣬òȻ˫
ֻԭΪǵŮ˿ѾɳΪһĿˡŮӡ
ʲôԭһУǲԶ
忴Ĳ̣ҪȴǱסˡ
ҡҡͷ״˲뿪
һ·ϣ岢ûΪʲôȴͬĸоףҲûн͡
״壬ֱӵĳ˵½½
֮У꣬ꡣ
Խȥ֪Σտ϶ԽȻʮ鱾ǲģԽ£ԽԽ٣ǣѹȵĽƱĳ̶Խ˻ܱҲԽԽǿ
½ϵĽͬǱƱ֮أΪϿȡ
״ʱͬۻΪһѶѵͬһʯͷһĹͷ
һعͬһţһſŵãȻ¶ն˫ۡ
ģѾӦˣܵģȻ׵֡
ظѹ׵ֱۣǲģײüͷ΢塣
֮е꣬һĲĶ
ĵط㻹ǲܸһ𴳵ûбʵ˵ò˵ز׵ģ΢΢ĸо
ɫ΢΢԰ףʧ֮ɫŨȴҲһּᶨ
ðɣ׸磬Ȱһ飬Իȥʱ򣬼ǵôȻ˵
׵˵ͷðɣΣұһ˴֮󣬰һ飬ȥ㡣
š

壬һֱں˵ػ飬ѡ˽
ػ֮׻һ޴ĺӰһĵħܻΪĵħֱ֮ӸԼ꣬Ƭռ֮С
Ȼ˶֮ռȻ󣬴ؿʼܻİ׹ǺȻγһֻýһľ޴Ĺ
Ĺһѹȵĸоĸоһ֣˲䣬ǰɫѾˡ
սĻսǼ򵥵Ƿս
սûκεô
ݡɾȻ΢΢һ꣬ʹ֮б˳
һɫҲһ䣬׺Ȼһĺɫķ޶ʱǰɫΧ
ͬʱǺɫķޣʱγһ󣬽ɫΧ֮󣬲ϵĿʼ˷ɶ˻һĹ
ͬʱ˫ɢһɹɵĹ⣬ʮֵ
ǰɫýһ㶼ţеĹͷһӺĺɫ޲Ȼ
̱޵ӳ֮󣬰ɫýҲͷˣʱһеĴȻð˺ɫڤ֮Ļ棬ȫĳΪ˺ɫķ޵Ŀǣֻһ棬޵ٲ࣬еķޣʱȻʧ
ķޣȴѾ֮Ҳǰ
ܵޣҲܵˣԼĻǡ
һƺߣɫĵħ֮Ȼܻ˵ؽ֮ģһɫĺʵĽռ䲻ݺݵǰɫó˹ȥ
ռһ٣һ̣űֽȫػ߷˼¡
͡
ؽռ顣
䣡
ֲһݺݵն˰ɫõԴϣɫãԴһ˲䱻˳ȥͷӣһ˲Ҳ޴ȫɢˡ
˵ؽľ磬ѾרŶԸǵĹ˿ϵػ״̬ʹǾˡ
ͷȻɢˣǿȴһɹͷĩζƮƮģʡ
ײûеģʱ򣬷ĩĹͷٴεľۺһ𣬼һģһĶĳͷ
ܵģ͵һҪܡ
أ
ȫ֮ǰԼһһǰɫãʱݺһնڻɵؽϡ
׻ݺݵһȻʮֲ˼Ŀİɫãһ٣Ȼ󵹷˳ȥ
ǲѪǵؽȻһҺ˿УȴǾþõûɢ
ӳ֮иһֺݺʱȫĴ˱
ۡ
ӵؽ״ָ̬׺ݺݵһѪ붼û룬һڵϴ˸
أ
ٴεը˿ʯݺײϣһġ
ģ飬ôôƴˣ
³ݣɫ˲䣬ѡ
飬׶ȻΪһ̬͵ؽ̬ȫĲһ
һɫĹâ࣬򵥵ıܿһεնɱ


285 塤ȫ״̬
Ȼȡػ飬ȻӦҪȵػ
кܿ뵽һ㣬ɺݺԼһ䣬ΪԼʵǺͿ֮
֮ǿӦƣ꣬ϵýĽ¡
ýıûУѧϰı£һײò̾
Ҳ̫ˣ˲ѧ˵ػĹֶΣٶҲѧˡ
аһ䣬Ȼջ֮ȴҲΪ
ģƴˣ
ʵǷŭˣҲûã˲˻һ˿
ֿ񻯣ֻ΢СʵˣǴ˿״̬һȴǲ֮ʧ֮ǧ֮ƣڿ֮ƺȻͻƿһ㣬ƽ
Ȼ䣬һżƷ󷨣ǰˣӿʼһ״֮󣬳ֵ󷨣һĽõǰ
ӵʱ乻֮ҲɵɵͬĿʼ£һżƷҲγˡ
һ̣˲ѡ˸֮󣬸󷨺Ȼͳˡ
׿ʼ˿ֲֽ⡣
ֹ̣Ǻ˵ըһ㣬ֻһؾĴըȻ
䣡
Ƶһը֮ƶȫĴݻٳЩԲɭֺȣҲȫΪƽأΪ档
һըչǾ춯ЩνҲˡ
Ķڰ񵱼ϣĳųʹ١
˲䣬Ͷʥ䣬ȴǸ⾢һڵѪټ֮ǰܵ˺˵ϼˡ
ˣֻΣҲɱǰɫˡ
ʵ̫ˡ
ð죬ƽˣųԭء
ֻѾռ䶼ǳﻹõڣ
׳Լ꣬һӦ֮ǰһƬװʱ׵ǣתΪһ飬ʱ׵֮С
ӿһɰ׹⣬˲䣬ٴεĶȡĲּƬΡ
ͬǽһӰƳȥȻԼӰֽḶ̡́׿мϤΪӰһϤĸо
ǵģϤ
Ӱ˭ΪʲôϤĸо
װ⣬ˣҲӵڴˡ
ǣĴ飬Ѿ֣ߴ飬ҲҪֶˡ
ȡð취ǴЩʶöԷĳϷ
̣Ȼ򵥣
Ѿ׵ԽԵ壬Խǿ
ңԽǵ棬ƵĽԽСӵԽǿˣӦҲԽԽѡ
üͷһ֡
ӡ֮󣬵õ˲ֵĳƬΣģȴûκεջ񣬶ңʵҲûõػ֮Ľ
ô£Ǹ
вֹһεĳ뷨ǿޱǿľѹȥͬʱҲԼ׵ֻԼûͲɣ
ײû뿪ȻѾоؼ춯ĸ֣ɳǿ½磬ҲԼĶ֣ʲô
˼ֽһżƷ֮׼Ǳܵûнʥ䣬ֻ濪ʼԼ꿪ʼо
Ȼûʲôõİȡ˲䣬ȫˣȫĶת˵ģһĻָ棬û˵ġ
ں飬Ȼʼ̣˵˵Ҳ̣Ϊеһĸоײٽʥڲȥ
һεںϣʱȻҲ̣պһꡣ
һʱ䣬ں֮׵ʵؽľ磬꾳磬Ҳﵽ˾ż񾳽磡
ںϻٶȹȻͻͽٶȣԼоˣ
ؽľ磬ǵػľ磬һֲֿľ硣
ʵ˵ؽľ֮磬ѾʮֵĿֲҾһ㣬ʵĽʮֵľˡ
ײûٽʥ֮УΪӰս׺Ȼ䣬ʥ䣬һ˿ų⡣
ų֮ģֻԼıܶģȻôġ
ǲ뷨׺Ȼʥ䣬ųһֱܵĲ
뵽֮ǰɻгһ˿ľ衣
Ըȥһ£ǲʱ䣬ܻ뵽һ㣬˺Լĸ飬ʮּŵģֻЩܲĲ²⣬Щİ
ľ磬ˣ˾ǽطİ壬ΪҲչ֮׸ܵĸӵˡ
ڵĽǬҲѾʼʵռˣһĳһ
ûзҲûʵһʵʶռ䡣
˼˺ܾã֮ջԼʶվ
ﵽż񾳽磬پһܴﵽľˣٶȣҸо⡣
֪ȶĽΪͨƶľˮɵĵһģ᲻ȹ̣һΪ̵ġ
Ѿ䶨״̬һƬԭΪըǿ̫Ӳݲײ΢΢һЦּ̧䳷ȥ󷨣һһ֮
֮ܵĴ߷ΪһƬأƻҲһβɡ
ЦЦ˲ƣһ½½
½ı֮أ˿ػŽʮλżˡʹ
׸˲Ƴһʹ۾һͬʱȵˣ֣
ʵѾӦЩһĴڡ
׿Ժսʵ¼ССʵô
Ȼᡣ
ײУУЩˣѾȫپ߱κεвԡ
ǿʽԼϣκεӰ죬ǣֻҪԼ⣬ǵǿĹԼ޷
׵Ŀģڻȡ飬ںЩĥʲôЩͬʱֺײûл֡
ÿɡ
һ֮󣬵Щ˺Լɵľ춯ص𵴵ʱ׵Ļǵš
𾪣£۵Ĳ˼顭
ÿ
׺ȻȵЩ˽·ȴǶûƶ
ʹͷˣʵﵽ˾ż񾳽磬һʵ
½Ľ֮أ룬УΪˣΥ˹񡪡
˻û˵꣬ױˡ
ؽ壬㡪ؽ
һضˣȻӰʱ䴩͸Щ˵塣
ݡ
ƿյûһѪ
Ȼ䣬ЩǵĲ˻һ˻
ʮ½ϣһʹô½ôȻ䵹ˡ
ǵ꣬ؽ˲ĨɱˣˣǵµȻ仯мӣʧ֮䡣
սʼ֣̣ûгһӡ
һɫ䣬ƺĽ֣֮һ
֪ԭҲӵʵǺǣ죬ôǿ󣬻ڿоһ㣡
ٴε̤½ı֮ء
Ҫ顣
飬Ϊ֮еĵһλѶȣܴ󣬻Ҳ˵
ƽⱻ֮صĲԭ֮󣬲ԭܣԭĲݶȻ仯ɫȼŵĻ档
Щ棬ɰΧ֮ƣ׳׵Ķ⹥Ƶġ
Ǳܵģҡһ䣬һʼ
һ̣ŵģѾʧİɫýý˿ȴ


286 ۡ콣¾֮
ŵ㣬ǻ֮Ȼǿ󣬵һȡ֮ǿᱻԼá
һ㣬ʮֵϲ
֮ǰôǿһΣڻտʼʱ鱾Ϳʼ˳ȡʼˡ
Կ飬׺ڴ
һȻǿȴǾԼĲϵĳ
ңǵػ飬飬ս
Ȼһǿ󣬵ÿȡһֻ飬ȻҲǿ󼸷֡
ͬػ飬֮֮ǰս£ʵ˲١
ԵȵģӦĽ׵ʵҲȻ˲١
Ļ棬۳ΪһֻɫĻ޵ʱ׺Ȼһ
εĶ֣飬ǿ֮
ܻĻޣƷΣȴﵽȫ׶ΣҲ˵ϣһ㣡
һǳ׶Σһȫ׶Ρ
ʵöԱȣΪ׶ǿҲܿԽսʤȫ׶εܻĻ޵ġ
׵ģȻˡûģΪģЩˡ
޳ˡ
ֱӵһ棬Լٶȣ͸˰ɫý壬ɫԴ˲䱻˳ȥ
һͷΣϽݶ׹֮ͼǵֶη
ֻһлûü֣ܻĻޣȻһţһ֮֮ʱȫȥ
ô򣬵һ̣׾֪Ѿȫʧˡ
ˣ꣬Ҳܵʮǿҵĳ
ڣȻⲻҪڵѪֻǴ˿̣ѪĻᶼûС
˲仯ؽȡõԴתΪؽĽ
һٶʮֿ죬ϾҪٶȣػΪȥٵġ
׿죬ܻĻ޸졣
˻һһβݺݲһ£㱻ķ˳ȥ
ܻΪɫĵħʱ䶼ûС
ڵϣвʣ˲ʹΪĳ׶Ρ
ֻһлûãܻĻһŲѵƣױ޿ɱܡ
ʱҲû뵽ҪʥܣǿӲĳ壬͵ڵϴ˿
ѹ֮£׸ûκλ˲ơ
ȥ֮һ춯صĻٿ£ûܵĿܣݺݵĿ
أ
ͬһ׺ݺݵķ˼ͷ״̬ɢ
ϣѾѪˮ߰ߣϣѾȾһƬ
״˿̲ûдսףһӰϰļƷսףһѾ𲻿
һЩƬѾѪ֮УѪˮ
üͷôԼĿǲмޣһķŭ
ѪˮȾ壬ΪͻѾȫۺϣ׵ˣҲͬˡ
ΪѪˮǣΪѪϵӵľ
޷˵Լ˿ʲôһ̬Ҫ˵ǾǿҵĲʡ
ôԶѵһͳ׵ʧѵԼҪﲻɣ
ȻģĲϵĲ֪״̬Ϊȫ׶θܿų״̬꣬ȫ״̬ս
Ѫţ׵һͬʱΪĵεֲʣ׸о飬ɢͬƵε
һ
һ
׺Ȼһƺץסһ㣬Ȼܾ飬ȻʮһôΪʲôһ
Ȼ鲻ܺһǣȴǲ޷һ
Ȼ䣬Цˡ
Ȼ޾֮·ȵ˼ʱǻкܶ뷨֣Ȼײ϶ܺһ£һȫ״̬֮⣬ģѾа취ˡ
һкȻŻ飬飬ػ飬顣
кȻӿ꾫Ѫ飬ʱȻųĿĹʡ
ԭĿǻޣ˿һĻң˻źȻ׷ʮַĹ
Ǳ۵Ĺâŵף˿ȫĲܵκεĹɧš
Ȼһˣγһö顣
ʱ׵꣬ҲȻһˣγ塣
һ֮
ȵȻоϺķٵĳɳ
ָо̣Ҳֿ˴
ãֻһƬ̣״˿ٴεĳΪһ˵ģ
ˣʽǰ׵ģʮңʮֵϳɣĿżֲɣǡ
˿̣׵״̬״̬Ʒ״̬Ҳﵽȫ״̬
ȫ״̬սȫ״̬
һսѾû
Ŀţꡢػ壬֡
һĿĹʶʱܻĻϣһҺ֮󣬲Ȼء
棬ȻںȼգԭȻһ޼ʡ
ƬףѾˡ
һâǵµȻȼŵĻϣһ߲ʵĹâϵܻ
󣬻ʧˣڵϣһ˸ŻâӣһϢ
Ŀƽ̯öӣʱţ׵ġ
һӿʱ׵ꡣ
Ѿۺϣǿʼɢ
ǣںϽڲǣһâס׵塣
Ļ֮У״״̬˳Ȼڵϣʼں
ľ磬ӽ֮󣬴˿̣һ׵꣬꾳Ϳʼ˷ˡ
ʲô磬˿̶׶ԣĶ
ٸߣƷ״̬̫ͣҲûá
Ӿż񾳽磬˿ֱ̣ӵľһľ磬Ȼһ·һֱﵽ弶ľ硣
Եģľ磬Ҳؽ磬ٵһ콣磬ﵽ콣ľ磡
ڿ콣ľ磡
֮ƬΣûˡ
һĹ죬죬ҲΪ콣ĵ嵭ˡ
һ꣬ÿһںϻ飬ʱպһ꣬ϣȴǾ˵ķǣȥһжԶˣ
콣һ㣬콣ڰأ콣޺ۣ
ﵽڰصʱ˵ЩԤԣǲǽս᣿
˼ţͬʱ뵽콣ĵھأ콣ռ壬ôһ־أ
ĺڴľĵ
ʵﵽľ磬⣬׺ڴȾż֮ʲô磬Ҫʼ򣬽ʥ˽ˡ
ʱʱӦòܾã飬ûȡ飬Լʲô磿
Уܣʲôأ
˼ţȻ䣬ͷ΢΢һɾţһֱܵľ֮һš
ʮ鶼ںϣḴɡ
һʱ뵽ֿܣҲЩ
أߵһңƺҲЩŹ֣죬ɱôһ֣
Ȼ䣬֣ߵһУҵЩ֮⣬֮⣬ƺһֿⰲŵľ֡
׺ԼԤͷ΢΢Щء
ʲôֻҪȵﵽ콣ڰ˲֮һоͻˣô
ԣҪģǼȡ飡
ҪѰ飬ѶѾ
ǽ飬ȫ״̬״̬Ҳ֮ĳ
ʱ䣬ȡ顢顢顢顢顣
ʱҲһսģתŽ˺ܶΣȡ˾顣
Σ꾳磬ڴﵽ˾ż۾磬ȴûпʼ
ľ磬ȴֻͣ콣磬콣¾ľ硣
һöʱ򣬵һֻﵽ˾״̬Ӣ޵ʱ֪Լĺˣߵ˾ͷ


287 ʮ顤Ӣ
׿ЦͬʱҲΣżۣȴûпʼģֻֻʣԼһ˰ɡ
ȻطԼЩǷ򣬵ЩȴǳԽ෨򣬺ֲһġ
򣬷Ϊʱ䷨򣬿ռ䷨ʱշȷ
ЩȴҲΪʵķΪķ
ûЩ򣬿Ŷ󷨵ͱʵ״˿ҲгԽż󷨵ʵˡ
Ͼﵽ˾ż۵ľ磬żۡ
ľ磬׶޷ģȻڻİ£ô׾ٵĴﵽˡ
콣ռ֮󣬱ʥľ磬ʥ磬ӦģѾʥ˵ľˡ
ҲǣٽһԼ͸óʥˡ
ĸоЩҲЩ׿̾
ǵģӢ޵ʱ򣬿ǸߴͬһĦ¥һļһǳֳľ״̬ޣΪ
˾ŴĶϴɱٶȣ˵Ŀ죬ﵽ˾ż۾磬콣磬Ҳﵽ콣¾콣ľ硣
ǣоǲУôѾٲĽˡ
ٴδȫ״̬Ϊ״̬޷һö顣
Ȼһ㣬ײ֪һԼһö飬ʲôӡ
ǰɽˮ㣬ͬͨ
ǿǴɽԱߵĿƺҲܿɰӢޣײ֪һεս֮󣬻ʲôȴԼ
ǽ׶ӢޣĿɲ
ĵһʱ̣ײ֪ȡӢ֮󣬻ʲôĽ𱻸ԭֻΪɨϰ
ܶĿԶ׵Ժ֮з
ףֻĬĬĿӢޣûȳ֡
Ӣ޹ЦЦǸЦݣһϤĸо
Цݣ˭أΪʲôϤĸоǵڲǸƬ֮һһϤĸо
벻ԭӦǸϤˣ˿ȴƫƫ벻
ײѣȴЩӵ뷨Ȼ󼸺ǱܵĶ˿
һֻʨһģľޣӢޣȻѾȫûнˣ־״̬׸ʤĻᡣ
Ѿȡ˾Ŵ飬ҲԸһ̷
ǽս˵ǲпģҲ˵ǲ˵ġ
Ϊһеսһߵս
Ṇ̀ײϵı򣬼֮󣬼ٽ״̬Ҳһ
һ³һѪԳ콣ԭͣſڵϣѾȫûˡ
սʮ飬Ѿ˱Ű׼ǰβû̫Σգ̸ɣ£֪ȥûлĿˡ
ʱ侲׺Ȼ뵽ǸսӰɲϼһô
Ժ֮кȻԳһ޵ƬΡ
𣬽һӰ˳ȥǸӰһŮһӰӰȻʧˡ
ţӰǰеȽԵģ壬죡
ҰʣȻ͵һѪ
ۡ
ſڵϣ׼ȫʧȥ˷һƣٴεĺԼϡ
ѪˮͬȪһ˳ȥߵϣһֲĴӡ
ΪļӲǿں˻飬ײ׵ȥֻϼˡ
ǿĻָ˲ת룬һߵŰ㿪ʼˡ
ȻޣȴҲûκεķһѪһµΡ
һ𣬽ʲô
ӸܵƬ֮Ӱ׷
£ô£ʲôΣ죬ʼʲôϵ
Խ룬ɻԽ࣬ԽԼ˹֪ơ
ҵ֮󣬻ǵõʮ飬һо͸˰ɣ
ţȻٴεķɢ꣬Ҳ顢ػ顣
ȻŵĻ飬Ȼ޷Ӣ޶Կġ
ǣſŻ飬Ѿ㹻ɾˡ
飬ӦǿԽġ
ǿѪǿһŻա
ײܿ϶ַԳɹ뵽ַֻԼ뵱Ȼѣǣ£ҲûĳԵķˡ
飬޷ۺһģôϣܡ
ԣΨһһֿԣӢݶŴ
ֻǣ׳ѪѪ꾫Ѫ֮󣬾Ŵ飬ȻͬûκεķӦ
ӢеּζԽԽŨ񣬶׵ģҲԽԽ
ߵһҲɡ
ȡ˾ſŻ飬ġ
ʰ쵵ɫ׾ãǸλһ㡣
ױۣǵѪһεεĵ䣬ȴҲûκεķ
Ӣƺ㹻ˣһ
޵ϣеһ˲䶼Ӣ˳
磬ȻˣʻĻľȻȫĳΪ˻ɫû
ʻȫʧΪһƬء
ͷһȴûз
Ǿż״̬ô޵ӴҲ˲仯ĵ
ƺӢ޴һƬ򣬾ͻҷһ
ǿ
һߣͬķʵļ֮⣬
ɲǼ䣬оԼǧ˿һ㣬ƺĹâ֮Уȫķֽ⡣
ָֻоһ룬Ȼʧˡ
ĹâУŴͬһʱ⿪˽ƣͬʱɢ˸ɫĹâ
ʰ쵵ĹâӳȻۺ˾γɾ֮ơ
һ̣һɱ׵飬ͷһʱĺǾ
Ȼ䣬ŵâγһɫâӿ׵塣
âףһָ̻˻


288 콣޺
΢΢һ㶣ʱֹ״̬˹
֮ǰĸоͱѵĸоʵ̫ˣֵ֮ľľż׺ȻǸԲһȻһ͵Բĸо
ûһʱ̣ӵš
˵ͲһţһԴ걾ܵҼᶨ
һֱܣһֱʤıܣȫĳԽš
ţֻԼȶԷǿͳʵıܣȴΪʵǾǣһ㣬׶ԣǸûдڶһ
ʲô̬λߵ̬
˵ǰʲô磬׶֪Ļ˵ܲôĿ̹ǵĻ˿̣׵ĸܺ͸룬ȴǻԶ޷ǣ±޷ĥ˺ۣ
ǵģָоǿҲԲĸоһλˣһɵСһĸо
ˣڱȶű˴˵ǻһ
ǸС˵ʲôǵ˿ⲻֻһͷһʴȵ΢ЦСѡ
ߣߵУСӣȫûǻ۵ģûţߵʵʹһͬȵľ硣
ͬģĸоΪֿĸо
ʱûоԼ죬ԼǵأҲûоãԼޱȵķȻֻǾԼôһˣһͨĵص࣡
ǣž׶εӢޣȴЦˡ
ͬģھ׶ΣǶ׶ԣȴ˺ܶĲͬ
УӢǼûκεĽƣȻҲǾ״̬̫һģ̫רˡ
׺ȻЦˣӢٴɢ֮ʱЦˡ
һ̵ЦݣǶǵĴЦݣЦݣڴ˿̵׵ϣôһĹ졣
׵΢Ц֮䣬Ӱˡ
ľǵɫĹâ֮ʵģûκεĸı䡣
˱˺۵ѾȫĿ֮⣬ƺҲκε⡣
׵΢Ц˫֮УһɫĹâ׵Ȼ׵к
ʱڱк֮󣬺ɫĽһ
һ㿴ĹâҲȫкͣպɡ
ʮȱһһպãõĹâʱ򣬲ȱݡ
ʮֵѸ٣Ǽ֮һɲǣͷת
֮Ȼַ˻ȥӢޣ޴ȻмֲЩŤĿݲƽϣҲ¶ž˵ľ塣
һǿʶޣΪһö飬ûнƵѹȣɼ̺˶ôǿ
ֻǣ׾״̬֮ȫһȴεĽӢǿҲִֻеķݡ
âȻɫģӢ޷â
ԱģרԾż״̬Ӣ֮꣬ԣӢ޲ӱܡ
ǿеķҲֻεѡ
ֻâûӢ޵֮Ӣ޷ŭ˻ţӵôʶһ̱ǶôĲʺͷŭ
ڲϵ˻ƽУɫƽȴǲϵĻ˺ԵɫĹâ
ĹâּĹâȫͬġ
ҲֹâԵÿ¡
ĹâܶԸӢޣﵽ״̬״̬֮׺ȻܵĴڡ
ʲôʱ䷨ʲôռ䷨ţһë״̬һӦøķȫ˲䱻׸
м˵𾪵ͬʱֻ֪ҪԼŵӢޣԼûжӢգϣ꾳ϣҲѾԴﵽʥ˾ˣ
ԭӼޱȵô򵥡
ǵģôļ򵥣
û̫˵̣ɱ֮ĳˡ
費ľ磬̬
ݡ
â
âγ޷˫ĿĴ۵Ĺâ
ⳤʱ棬Ӣޣ׵һηĹ֮â
ȫĹâǺķɽŷɱһ
̣Ǻġ
ۡ
һģ𺳵Ӣ޵üĴ
ǹѵӢ޵صĺȻһֹ
ٶȣĹţνʥˣҲӲѡ
׺ƽƽ侲ĳ̶ȣӢԼǰ£ûգһ۾Ҳû˿ı仯
Ӣޣһڵĥ˾ӡǣָģ
ʬ壬ȼŵĴ۵Ĺâ֮Уƺõ
һŹ⻬ģϵϢӣȻ׷
ûκα飬һӣӱС
һӶʱ׵塣
ʱڣѾʮ飬ףҲʼ˶ʮĴںϡ
ʮѾۼȫײ֪ᷢʲô֪ܷʲô侲򶨵ȥԡ
֮УþûͻƵĽ콣磬ٴεĿʼ仯ˡ
ƺǰľ֮󣬽ϵѾ쳣ѣѣʹýĹÿһ㣬꾳磬Ҫͻͽܶ㡣
״̬׵Ľ磬ҲֻǴ콣硪¾֮磬ͻ߼콣콣쾳磬˰˼콣磡
˼콣磬֮У׼̣ľ磡
Ҳױ֮УΪڴһ־磡
Ǿǣ콣޺۾磡
ǵģľ磬ˣ콣޺۵ľĵ׵£ǴεԤԣĻ
ǵģľԶǵģΪ쳣Ļ׷֣ԼĳЩƵľơ
ңƺԼִơ
Ǭճɿգأ²лǧѪ콣޺ա
һۿȥּĵ׹⣬Ժ֮С
䣡
һһ˲ĸоĵ׹⣬ǵԼ忪ʼʱɱԷĿŰɫ
ɱԷĿŰ壬ʫԺ֮УḶ́׿϶һ¡
Ǭָ꣬ϣǬ֮УҲ걻ںǬ򣬺һѡ
ճɿգգΪգҲǲգν겻գǲӡ֤˵״̬Ľ֣͵һУγʵӡ֤
أָֻ˵أȴֻӰغϣҲǽ˵ںϣǲɼģ˵ս״̬ɼò뷽棬ָ˶ݵĲطĽ֡
²лǧѪ¡л꣬ǧѪЩΪ˾дա
һ䣬콣޺ۣա⣬ͻļޣһλǵսᣬµĵ㡣
ӦÿԻָ֮ˡ
һЩ׶µļ䣬֮ǰ˼Ҳһ㣬ֽ˼ɻ
˵㣬ڹͬĲһıǹƵ𡭡
׺Ȼ־úܺЦĿԣȻУǾ͵ġ
Ͼ֪ͣ飬ңַǲԼ²̽ϾԼǲܱʥģҲѰ飬ֻԼԵĶѣЩ˵֮ڡ
ԣַ뷨ôҲֻһֿˣǾǣ춯ֵʱìܣûб
ֻһϺĽۡ
һʱ䣬ٴεӢ飬Ȼ꾳磬ʥ˾硣
ʥ˾磬ֲΣȴ˲һľ硣
Ȼʥ˲Ǿյ㣬Ϊʥ˾磬ʥǵ꣬ʥ꣬ҲֻǴڳɳ׶ε״̬ûдﵽȫ׶ε״̬ԣľ֮ףʥˣѾû֮ǰǰʮֵľͳ羴ˡ


289 ɭ󡤰
ﵽľ磬׺ڴ
ڣѾ㹻İգܾȳˡ
طӣָտɴ
ľ磬ﵽ콣޺۵ľ磬Ҳûٴεǰ
ﵽ콣޺۵ľ磬콣İ徳磬ҪΪİ壬̣ȸνʱռ䷨Ҫ̫ࡣ
ʥڲĹʱûдȥǻϣΪ֪˶ãþѾ⴩ʱˡ
ֻǣӰǱ飬ײȥΪǴﵽ״̬״̬Ȼãλ棬Լ⴩ԽȥδܵǿߵĴѹ
磬ûνǿǿߣΪǿߣֻΪǿߵʱ򣬲Żᷢ֡
ǷûмʶΪ񲻴һΪĲڣǷˣû㹻ʵȥЩĴڡ
ͬײﲻڣϾǿţ˶ܱɱֻʲôܷ
ң棬Ī˵ٸ棬֮ĳ涴ȶڲռ䣬ҲӵŸӾ˵䡣
˵һǧһĻܶ棬ǳ涴ǧڸ㡣
֣㹻ѳκ˾̾ǿߣըܹγγĽЩǿߵǱ
ǱһȻҲһ
ﵽľ磬㣬õϣΪʥ˵о𺳣Ҳо𾪡
ԶҪѧᴦһΪ͵״̬ԶҪѧ̽ԺǵĿ⣬ȥΧΧһС
ԳЦЦĺǰﵽʥ˾ֱܵţδһУһӵá
ʮȫᷢʲôⲢ׻ȥµ⡣
ΪˣΪʵԼٺĸԸ飬Ը⸶ҲԸȥƴ
ദһӣ޷ɽˮ̸ЦΪܵ彻־ϵںϵİȴǰôġ
һܸЩģ˵Ƕ
׶ԣ˾˾Ķ
ʮ飬Ӣһ˿Ӣ֮׵Ӣں֮ʮȻ׵ڷ˳ͬʱĸӵгһֹ󷨡
󷨣ӵĳ̶ȣԶԶ׵
Ϊʥˣ˿ȴӵ
ָһ㣬֪ˣ󷨣ɭ
һ꾿״̬ռ󷨣ɲġ
󷨳֣Ԥʾ׸ĵǣڿʼһӦš
ʮϣ֮ٴεĻص׵ڡ
Щ󷨣Ȼǰ
鿪ʼĹâܻޡ
ǵħǻޣýԼӢޡ
еޣһεıˡ
ͬʱϤٴεĴԾյһ
ĺľ
û˵ʲôвĻҲû˵ʲôֲĻֻôһ䣬ôϤĻ
֮·ѾȫΪŬɡ
ĻȻëȻﵽʥ˾׻״γĻҵ״̬
ԭʥˣҲţֻʥ˵ģ֮֮ĴڣҪǿ󼸷ֶѡ
и̾ͬʱЩޣʼҵܻ
Ϊ޷֣Ҳܲ֡
µḶ́ôĳ׵Ժ֮У˵µḶ́ڽ̵ףʹʮɽ
ӿʼĽߴĽ֮󣬷ֱǽֽ׶Ρ
ȫ״̬ǽǾ״̬
˵״̬ȷʵǿ󣬵ǽɾ˾ż״̬ȴ׵֪Χ档
ߺȻˣḶ́΢΢һ㶡
ԼϣôԼͳɾһ״̬һ״̬Լϳ֡
ȴҪ壡
΢΢ȻǺ֮󣬻Ϊ˾״̬ĸǿĴڣǴ˿̣ȴûа취ʹֽ
ԣֻܼĿȥȥĽʲô״̬
Ǻɢ֮󣬻ʮޣȻֱϵʽԾ״̬ǽĴ̲ͬҲֲͬ
΢΢ͷЧҲ֮С
ʮȫҲ˵ʮ飬ڿʼںˡ
εںϣҲû׸оԾΪһУҲ֮С
û㵽ǵĺ֮⣬һУ׵㷶ΧڣԼˣײû¶ɫ
ţ鷢ˡ
˵ǰεĽֻʮɭ󷨵˶ѣΪһУ׳׵Ĳ
ʮ޺Ȼˡ
Ȼʱ򣬸ȫľ״̬޳ˡ
ϹâǴ۵Ĺâȵ׸ûа취۾ûа취ʹڲκε
ȻԼڣ˿ȴƺܿһƺǰɭȡ
һУЩ֪룬Ǵﵽʥ˵״̬Ҳķ֣ԼȻû˿ķ
ʮޣɭںϽ֮󣬹ȻһϤ˵Ӱա
׵ģʱ˼㣬˵֮Уʮ͵ˡ
Ѿ˵ʲôоˡ
֪Է֪ԷӵŻصҲ֪Էһ񣬾ͿɱԼ
ľôô֮ǰպʥ˵ľ磬˺ԿʵȴʲôҪɱô
׿ԼһôȻĵˣȻᱻԷĨɱ
ǣײǣӰڿУĿףȴûԳκεɱ⣬Ҳûκεķŭģ
෴ܸоһοҲһֽѣ
ĸоеʱɻԼҲʮ飬Ҫʲô
ǣĸо˲ˣΪһ̣ӰϣȻһֳƵ˲һľɱܵĺ˼
ǣں֮ϵȻʧˣԳһֹ¼Ŷȵơ
ƺǱ˵˸һ׸оЩ˼顣
ͨˣ׷֣Ϊƺɱɱʥ˵𣬳״̬Ϊʲôأ
˼ţȻ괫СѣллڣҲûκѡҪôɱҪôҴܡ
״ʧɫɫʱҲ΢΢мֲ԰ס
⣬֮ǰϤ
ͨ仰׺Ȼ֣ǸԼ϶ӰʵͲ
Ӱֳǿ󣬶ɱԼô𣬾ôǿء
ʵ޷
ڣ׿׾ٵʹʥ䣬ǣȴûУΪڣ壬׶һֱܵķ
ǣԿûκεʤ㡣
侲󣬳˵
ﵽʥ˾磬˴ռλľȻˣԸ⽫ʱ˷
Զû龿˺ҵһս֮У㲻һöӣҪ֣ҪӽΪֲС
ǿ˳ۣȻ䣬Ӱĸһʮѵõѡ
һͬʱҲǸм
֪Է˵ɱԼҲûκεĲԣǶԷȴº͵ĸԼôԿԼ
Լӣ˭ӣ壿죿ǡ
Щʣ£ȴ¶ʱ򣬻һսڵȴ
ҽףȻս֪֡׵˵ţȴʼӰ֮󣬿ʼʮ飬ʱʮȻ˸Ӧ
ҽаϣ죬ңԶδ꣬
Ӱ˵ţȻ䶯ˡ


290 սû
Ӱ˵仰׵Ĵ൱ġ
Ϊһִ֮ˣһܣһֱģƺǰһǿĴڿ͸ˡ
ײңħ磬ȻûʧĻҲͬĻֻתģͬǣԼֻĵطͬѡ
ң˵ԼԵ磬δ硣
Ҳ˵ԼԵĵطδڵ
ӰЩ֮У׵õ̫ѶϢҲЩѶϢ׸ӵ
ǵģǱôֻضѣҲʲô͵͵顣
ң԰͸ԼݣҲƽĴڣֻֿܣҪôΪ棬ҪôΪȥ
ˣֽ֡
£ԼʵһԼ״̬ľ״̬ȫͬʱ򣬶ԷܹԼ
Ȼܣ
ûʲôеˣܳΪһˣһܣһ鹹Ŀһִֻ֪֮
һܣףȴ˺ǻ֮ģһеĸоǣ˾Լһ
ĸоҲһִĸо뷨ѡ
΢΢һЦŰصģЦЩЩһЩʣܸ𣿡
ʵʵȷʵкܶʣȴǴûǰˣش⡣
ΪʣֻǱʶģԼ徿ȡһЩʱѡ
ټ٣飬˭ֵܷ壬ʹǰʵ׶ûԼǲʹֶΣȻȷʵʹֶΣԼûҲ͸׵˼룬ȥ̽¡
ԣ׵ϣ΢΢һ㶣漴º͵ĵʰɡ
һ㶣ĻݼţȻǲץסģ˵¾ʵȻ֪δܸңΪʲôδ
΢΢һ㶣漴˳˼Ŀ˾ƽǹͬԨĸоʮ̵ֵĳ׵С
֪һĸˣĲ˵Ǳ״̬һ־״̬οھ״ֿ̬֮ʮ飬˶״̬ϽԼﵽľ״̬
ǿһĸоͬʱҲ׵ֲϷԡ
˼ãȴûԳηʲôģȻУѾں֮ˡ
֮⣬ĸо׵еʱ򣬲𺳣𾪺壬һƽͬйǧǧķ˪ˣʱƽһһ۵ƽ
ƽԼԼоۡ
ʮ飬ʮ꣬Ȼµʮ飬ȴΪԩħĶ
һԩħõʮ飬ͳԽʥҷ֮±д
һǰеڡ
ԣǲܽܵģ
ԣңô˵ôδȻδ֮У֮Уֻ걾ܣΪ͵ԣܲ׷
ҪģΪǿĴڣҪΪ͵Ĵڣֻˣžܲκε򵹣ֶζһٴµʱܺ
Ϊγ־⴩ռ䣬ΪҲ
׼æʵʱܵİ˵ȥˡ
ͬʱҲˣԼνıѡеˣѹ֪
εս֮ˣô壬ȡ㣬˰ɡ
ֱӵ˵
Ȼ׶ѾµֿܣԣȻһں
Լˡ
׿ţĸԣǽʹȫŤʱͲһɰССƢŮˣһ׼ŮħͷߣŮħͷӵĿֲײУ
˺üΣ˿ƽ
ʵϣеɻʱҲȥȫĽˡ
˵Ĳ¼ɣȻҲ˼֡
£ûѡ񣬱Ͱһս
ΪԼҲΪ壬ΪˣһսҲӮ
ĸоһε
ϾĶѾʥˣʵȻǿսԣǽ콣޺ۣٿصѾˣܰʵѾԽһսһ֤Լ֤Ļᡣ
׳ĺһȻѸٵںѾƴʮ顣
ʱҲˣһЩɻѾˮ棬˵ԼתҲΪģĽȴӵܽܡ
ʲôľѾνˣǰߵһ׾ûдͷҲ֪˼ȥ֮ʤ֮⣬ûѡ
ҪôҪôҷ
ʮȻɢһ۵Ĺâͬģʱ׽뵽һ԰ȫĽռ䡣
ʱת䣬ֻأʮľ״̬׸ܵʲôһ
һ̣׵ı꾳磬Ҳһεͻͽ
һΣͬģһȥʵͲ˻ˡ
꾳磬ʥ˾磬һεľ״̬ľ磬һʼ˷˼ٴɱĽ
ʥ˾磬ͻƵʥľ磬֮ٴεľʥ˾磡
Ҳ˵Ƭ̣׵ʵѾﵽʥ˽ʵ۷壬Ͻ԰ԾĹ
ʱףӵžǷ˼
׶ţʵľԭǿôġ
磬ٴεͻˣӽʥ翪ʼ׵ʵѾ˾ż콣ľ磬Ҳǣ콣ռ徳硣
֮󣬽磬ڱԵͻˣ˿ֲʥľ硣
ʥ磬һ㵽ھŲ㣬Ǹʥ壬һؾ磬Ѿȫ򵽺֮·ˡ
ﵽľ磬׷ٴεķ豹ˡ
⿴һͨʮˣˣ˭Ҳܽһǿϵһ
ͨĳۣͨߣͨĳ࣬ͨƣһУʮֵͨ
棬ͬģҲʮֵͨ
˿Լԭģһɫĳۣ沼˷糾ŷɳ㲵˫ۣ˵ˣҲһʵϺС
ֻǣ棬ƺԷģһ¡
΢΢һЦ崺ĸо
ףû뵽ѡ񣬹Ȼûд
ͬҲ΢΢һЦʹ÷Ǭռ䣬ռ䣬Եůޱȡ
Ȼˣֻʹɱˡ
ãֻҪɱң⽫õĽ֡
ҵĽ־ǣűɱɱ֮˿֮ɱ
΢΢һģҵ˽ʥ壬ѾĿɱˡ
˾ҲֻһֻǵսʤĿԱȽϴֻ㲻ãԭģʥ壬赣ˡ
ְɣǲģ
ѾµĽȻҲи
˿̣˵սռ䣬ҲѾӢǴ½֮ˣһŵķǬĿռ䡣
ﵽ׺ͰľˣŷȶѾʧȥ壬棬׼ޱȣȻĻ˺
սûͶȡɿԣȫӲӲ
һǣһԷ֣ӵĺǣᱻΪ֮Ѿǲӵõġ
ΨһĽԷĹȻк͵
£׺Ͱս
壬ȻȻ֡
ʥ壬ȻϾż״̬Ǿżˣһʥ͸ʱգɱ


291 ӡ
΢΢һЦȻ䷴ת壬壬һʣʹǬռŤת䣬һء
ʶ׼׵ʥĳ˹ȥֻҪɱһ¾ͻᱻ׳ȻֻҪڲתһ׾ʮʧܵġ
ͬģۼʧܣ״˿Ȼǲ̬ȥ
һʱ䣬˲תΪһŻ棬ɫĻ棬ѾԽɳȻ棬ȫһַٽһеǿҵ
֣һʳڻ֮Уʱ䣬ǰᱻɱĽ֡
ֻʱ򣬰һЦ˻һں֮䣬֣ռ任׵ĻܣһΪ򵥵ĺȴһЯŹµĺĺöԸҵ
һ˲Ĵݶҵźȥ
ΪˣģûЧȻҲ׼Ӳƴˡ
űʵӲƴ
ʮ飬ֻٵĻ飬ֻϳɻɭ󷨣ʵȻӦò׵Ķ֣Ǵ˿̣ɭ󷨺ͱȡܻĽǿЩһˡ
ңͱʶԣ׵״̬ȻѾﵽȫ״̬ȴȻȰ
ֻѡһȴʱѪ֮ǿȻԶ׼ġ
ȻԸϣҲòϣǿ
ңʼʱ򣬾Ͳ뷨ңΪ״Ľʹðȫ
©ƫҹ갡лѣҲòȫԸ
ȻӵܻԼܾ٣Ҳ벻ܻɣʵϣǰĲ֮νһ㡣
ȻΪײ
ͬʱΪһ㣬״˿̸ǲ㱣ˣȥ
ֻʹ״̬ȴҲûҪʹʥ䡣
ָоʥֶΪԼķĹһָоʵ׾֮
ԣЩ׺Ȼ˹ȥǾʱȻ仯˹ʥˮ
׵ǴʧɫȴǴ䲻תȻתΪһö͸ƿרȡ⹦ʥˮ
ʱ򣬰ȻЦˡ
һǱܵٴλʥ׽
ѾѾеͨˣ˿̳Ϊʥ״̬׻׽ǿҲʮ־˵ġ
ʱ򣬿ռ΢΢һƺʱ䡢ռ䡢λһԼը
ӴѶϢĳһʣһķ
ܵģȻǴ˿ܵ˼ǿĪĴͬʱҲӶʥ塣
ݡ
֮䣬һɾƽضݵ˲䣬趸Ȼ䷢˼˵Ŀֲ
ǱըһԿԽĽڿգɹâȻһɲǼ䣬Ǭռˡ
أ
ڣһͷ
һͷݺݵ׵ʥ֮ʥϣ˲ǿֱӵĻա
ռڲĶȫĻмΪ⻪ӣʧ
ͬģײʵףһ㣬˳ȥ
ȫܵ𶯣Ѿǿԣһ飬һǵĸо
㹻ǿƬ̣ױٴεȫĻָ
һֱǿľȴûʹ׵սԵƶΪһֱεսʹУܵӵΪǿıܷӦֱܣΣյĸӦĸӦôľȷô׼
ԣνΪΣյľأҲεģΪؼѡ
һΣûֱܵѣ׼Կ϶ڣһǱǰһͷ׵ޡ
ǣΪⱾܵĸӦ׷˲䣬ȫһҲ˳ȥ
ԿܵȫһҲܡ
۳Ķмֵʵ
ײͬﵽʥľ磬ǿ˵ѾΪʥ˽ΪǿĴڣ״̬£ŹֲĽʥ壬ȴȻ޷ܰĻǶôǿ
ʱ׳׵˷أ׼Լıܣ׵Լıܣȫȥ
ǵģֻõķأ
һûе飬ͬɽһ㣬ֱӼ˳ȥʥ״̬׵ķΪҵĽ
ֽȻƴģ˵ȫĲȥˡ
ǰܻΪʣһɲʥ״̬֡
ʥ״̬׵ǿ״̬ҲٴڱתԼ̬ͻĻᡣ
ս֮УǿռǿռᣬûõģΪССķѾ޷ʵˡ
ͬģǰʥ״̬ڣҲֱ͸ʥǽʣǡ
ԼǵĸӦױһʮ飬ǿŶ󷨵ɭ󷨣һ޿ɱܡ
һְԽ֮Ҵﵽʥľ֮󣬽ͰԵĹƣʱȫչ˳
һ˾ʱ򣬾ܿԽ磬ɱż֣״̬״ﵽʥ磬ʵҲԺһսˡ
ȻҲֻһսϾʵԽǿ֮ĺ蹵ҲԽǿ
ԣֻһս֮ȴսʤĿܣкһս֮ôν۳һȻӦǺ൱ġ
̬ԽսԽͣҿʮͱָ̬׺ľ޴ġ
෴״̬£ÿһΣԽ٣Ȼɭǿȴֻ֧ʮ徿״̬󱣳ȶûʲô
ˣ׿籩һĳڰԣǴһȱݿʼƴ
Լĳ˵Ķ̴ԭҪǿ󼸷֣Ҫ֣һƽˡ
ңóڹŲ籩ĳ֣ڲϵ֮УʵȻԽԽ׵ʵ;飬ԽԽں֮ȻԽԽǿ
˳֮£Ȼֳʤ״̬
ң£׳ʤ׷֪һɱ֮󣬻ŶԼľԵĺôõġ
ңԼֱܿӵĴռ䣬ڤ磬磬ʥ˽硣
κεطԼȥã
ãۼֳƣ֮ƣҲ֪Ѿߣһ̣˼е
Ȼ״̬׺Ȼˡ
ǵģǿȻǿ׽п񻯵ģ
һ̣ѡ˿񻯣ǿ߸ǿߣȻ
ʥ壬ȫ
׵ˣȫתΪһʥ״̬˲ŷʱյȣȫ
ݣ
ؼ䣬ⷽǬռڲǽ
һʱȫѣ˲
һʹӰ͸һӡǣһӡǡ
ӡ׺Ȼһͣ˫һãȻʱȻ䷢֣ϵӡʧӡǣӡ֮ϣģȫ޷Ĩȥ
ӡǣȻױӡǣһʱ򣬺Ȼƺ׵һֶ
ŋӡǣˣײûһֲĸоƺһʯͷȥһ
ĸо
ͨӡǣŋӡǵĶԱȣ׷֣ŋӡǣƺһļһ
״εģ׿ʼˣԼʮִ
ӡǵĳ֣׾ãԼģûһֱӵĸоֵĺģʡ
ŰȻһ˿ѵĿ⣬׵һξãɱɱģԼж
ĿᶨŷǬŹı仯Ӱٴγˣ׺ȻڴܺԼ˵Щʲô


292 
ӡǵĳ֣ʹףѾôļɵˡ
ˣһϧĸоһʮĿ֮һ
׿Լǰ¶ӰģʼյĴһĸ״̬޷ʶײܷ񶨣òԵй˴ĵԸȥзơ
ʵʵġȴʵ޷ǵĹĸоһ̵ķӦ˳
Ǵﵽľ磬׷ʮֵƽڣûоãһΣյĹ̡
ȷʵֺ󣬾˵۳Ӱ֮׵Ŀ⣬Ȼɱʶɵĳο
Ȼܶ˶㣬ңǺοǣӣһ㡢ںˣԣҸһȷеķ
΢΢һ㶣ӣʲôѾ֪ˡ
Ӱ˵ͷĵǰʵʲôܣ㣬ֻӡǵĳ֣֪һеġ
Ҳصǣڷ֮ʥʵҲѾԶһˡ
Ѿ޷ȥˣǧڸǧ꣬Ҳˣ͸һֻصĸоɡ
ҵӡǣϣȻӣػ㺢ߡ
ģĺ󣬻ᱻܶᣬңΪǳ˵ľѪĴڡ
ǣҵػĺһĺ
㣬Ը𣿲ԸĻ͵û˵ա
˵ĺܵ£Ҳûױֵ÷˼ԱȽϵƽ
ʵϣĻɣӺ磬Ϳʼˡ
ûж˵ǿ𣬵ԼػҵĺĻܱ֤Լȥ𣿡
ҵľ񣬻ᱻĺʶ𽥵գҲʧҲȫʧṲ
ĺĴڣûңΪ˵Ķ¯룬׵ġ
Ȼ˵̬ʱƫƫܸоֹ˵ĸоʵоԵǸӰʱ򣬾Ѿˡ
ײκˣȴԼĸоΪָоΪֱ۵ʵ
׿𣬵㣬Ҳĺܸм㣬ݣЩ⡣
üͷ΢΢˵
ӰײûκεķУһ㣬Ҳǿ׵ġ
ңĻ飬׿еĸоһĴˡ
׵۾ȻݸһЦɢһǵĲ
ΪĹϵУԲûзжԷΪӵ壬ȴɢ˵Ůʱøж
һЦһĴԵţʵˣŮʥʥŮνʥʥ˽֮ϵһֳԽ硣
һЩʥĴڣֻЩʥΪ״̬ѾԽ˳ɳ׶Σ˳׶κȫ׶ΣеʥԿĹʥǽкɾ;ȫ״̬׶Σ˶һ壬ʥ˽֮ϡ
㽫ȻǻǰҪʥŮȻٲҪһЩ飬ԣҪЩ׼
ģѶȻУǲǿ󣬵ȡʥ˽ʯʱҪעˣʯһʥ˽ĺѹѣ˱ǧֻؼԪԩħõ
һ㣬޷ֹҲҪ
Ϊʵʥ֮УȻֻһ㣬Ժܶ飬ȥ⵽ԵĴԩħԣʱһ¡
һľ棬ǣһԣγľƣԣΪ
һֻؼԪһǧ꣬ʥļ굥λǧֻؼԪԩħʵȻ޷
ȡʯΪʥ˽ĹС
ΪʥŮһʵֵõġ
Ϊ۽֣ȵǧֻؼԪʱȫȥʥ֮µпռ棬һӦûʥŮʱ޷·䷨ԣʥŮҪԡ
Ϊҵ䣬ˣȻлɳˡ
Ϊһһ磬ô磬һֱǿʳһֱĳȥ

˵ţкܶܣȴ׾һ亹
ʵû뵽µǣôôǿ
ʱ򣬴ﵽʥ磬׵ʵνѾﵽʥ˽۷ˣʥ˽磬ܺ޼ɡ
ǣ֮Уԣ˵ʵأ֮еô
Щֱˣƺʥʥ˽磡
идͬʱȻ뵽״̬ԵģǱ˲ֵʵ½絽ʥ˽֮ȥġ
һ룬΢΢һЦȷʵʥ˽磬ΪʥλߣȨǺһĸŮ洷˵ˣʵǲֻЩˣվǴһɳ׶Σʵ˶ԣȻҲġ
ֻΪ˱ʥŮҺȻƴǶ˽Ǳʥ˽˻졣
ѾҪʧҲ𽥵иˣֻΪͷ죬ܵҵı
Щһµһٸ棬ᱻһ롣
ԩħ֣ȶһ¾ơ
ʥŮ⵽ĶԴʵǿԿʮģȴֱӵ˵ƣƣָʥŮıʵҲ޷ָҪʥŮıҪĶ
ЩʵҲѾ֪ˣڤżڤѪѪĵĲݡ޾ڵԪӤʥ˽ʯҽĹʥ
ʮѾˣһõЩ֮ʮӡǡںЩȻȫĴʥŮʱʥŮֱӻо״̬Ľʱ򣬳˯õѡ
ӡǵʮͬҲȫʧһεĽʥİԽ֮硣
ʱʵҲԺԩħ˶Կˡ
֮ǰʵʵҲԺǶԿֻҲֻܶԿѣҪǣȴʵ˲٣ʥ֮һβųΪܡ
ʱһػĺԴ򿪻飬Խʱշ򣬽㺢δ磬ǾͲκεв
һ³ֵ磬ĳɳһѡ
ߣһǺֻܶѡ
׵˵ͷһ㣬ʵѾ˽⡣
ʵӵٵħ磬ױѾ֣磬ǿʳᣬһ־ֵ֣ɱ¾̫֮ˡ
ִᣬеδ磬Ҳǣƶ硣
磬ִȻܶڰĻֱ֮ȴģÿؼ£һŽһ¡
ԣ׿ʼ˼ִ棬һٸ֮⣬һٸ汻֮ƶġ
˼Ȼĵ
ûж˵ֻ΢ЦĿס
ͬ΢΢һЦ֪Լ뷨Ѿӽʵˡ
ЦЦڻ˵ˣܶ׵һЦδ磬ȶĴڣȻһµķ򣬶µķ֮ǰҲͬģֻߵˣش
δһ죬ԩħսʧˣôδ磬Ҳսҷ𣬺ȻʧǵİʱЩ޺Ȼʧһ
Ȼ˵ʵδڵĽΪδֵķ򣬺ȻΪδʧʧ𣿡
üë䣬߷飬Цȷʵǣδ˷֮ĳһ֮УͬĽִתݷȫĳңΪһͨķһ
ҲһֳԽ֮״
ʥŮˣˣֳ֮ǰû֪


293 
һʱմԽݴԽ֮ǰļ䣬ˡ֣֣ȴδ֡
ϣһ壬Ϊһ㣬ʾǣʥŮˡ֣Ժδ
ڣҿԸ㣬֣ԳԽİ塣
Ц˵ţЦݺºͣܺÿ
һ𣬾ˡԭȻ
ΪͳԽĴڣЩ飬δˣʵΪڹȥѾԤʾһַˣֻǰַ壬ʱתϵǰ
ǣһתˣȻ⵽˷תһӾ磬ȻмƬӻˣм䲿ּҪŵĶȱʧ
΢΢һ㶣Ӿ磿漴ƺ򣬵ͷȷʵˡ
׵˵δǸ磬ƺ𣬶ϵҵδ״̬ˡ
ȷʵˣҲĺǸ磬ܲܵԩħᡣ
һĺԩħᵽô廹ң군
ô
ĺȻ㵱ʥŮʵ֮ȻۼʥŮгһºµʥ֮ģһԩħõЩֻҪɣƬ̽״̬ﵽȫ״̬վʥʵǿ۷壬һҲ֪õʲôĽ֡
һʱôδ㣬ȻᴩԽΪδΪķ򣬶
ǧٴӦ
˵Ļ׻Ǻģʥ֮еĳԽİ塣
Խİ壬ʥΪ
ν壬һ״̬
ʥ۷״̬ʵ壬ѾҲǲˣŽŽʥ壬ȫĸ壬Ȼʲô¡
˵ЩǶ׵ĺܶ಻֮ȫĶˡ
ͬʱִЩֹ۵ȣҲ΢΢һЦ
ڣڻˡ
ܶණǿѨ磬ȷʵڵġ
Щ˵֮еĶڣЩ˱ûпЩ
֮ţضᳬԽһͨ˵ľ磬νվĸߣſԶ
ǿߵ۹⿴Ȼῴǿߺ͸ǿߣִЩͨˣ߿ģֻͨ˶ѡ
йĳһʱ䣬ܾעԼܾ˸ԼߣܾãȻʲôƮ
ЩӦģģЩͨˣҲԶֻ֪ߣֻߵĿǳǿߵڡ
ĵײף˿Ҳȫĳ͸ˡ
ǵģԼʥ˵λһܻôִأһֳɳ֮У졣
ͬᣬǷʵܻ󣬶ִһᣬȻ޷ȴӸԣڴϣǺܲġ
׺ȻһۣȻһʮ𾴵ڣϵĵĽ̵׽
ЦˣȻǺܺÿģ
ʱӰҪɢһܿĽӽޡ
΢΢Щܣ֪ʱڻҪ뿪ˡ
ʱ뿪Ӧʽ
ȻǵԼĺӳˣԼĺӵʶ֮У𽥵ıԼĺںϣٴεʱҲѾˡ
Ļһεļ棬ͽΪˡ
кܣһεĳıܵĸо
˵𣬶׶ԣ̫Ҫˡ
һʮҪõѣȻҪ뿪һھ㵵ͬʱЩԽܡ
ƺҲܸܵ׵飬΢΢һЦ¶ָȾĵů˵ôãһûиҵ֡
ʵҽ
Ҳֱģʥ֮УԭҲֱֻˣϣﵽһ㾳磬ʥ֮󣬶ƥ֣ȻѡԼ
ʥֽ֮⡯һ

ֻܶǰ˵ֻܶܶܶǰʱҶûгʥ֮Уһ׵޷硯
Ѿʧˡ
ߣڵĻһнòһٲ
˵ֻҪĺ޺ۡڣҲ
ǣǺǣһУˡ
˳㣬޷δʥ֮ǰС޷硯ĺС˼㡯
һ޷磬ͬδ
ֻǸʱǴδֱӴƴģϸ˵֮󣬵֮ǰЩڡ
УʥǲģԣҲǲģ𣬻㲻Ҫ̫˱
δطʱ򡣡
˵ţʧˡ
׸֪ģҲѾ֪׵ģҲѾס
óģѾȫ򣻶ʧȥģҲѾʧȥ
޷ڴôһ־磬֪һµĵ·Ѿʼˡ
޷˭ײûбҪȥ֪ҲûбҪȥ֪ĺ޺ۣȥ
ֻҪǵԼʹΣԼİˣٱ˺ˡ
⡯ţ˵ײҪ⣬ΪֱԭҲûƫ
ǴɷвգҪŽʥţԼЩġ
ҾףΪҪΪ⡯ȫҪҾ׵ţʥΣ뵽ΪһʥʵͰҲеġ
ģȻҲԸ˳ӦһССĳƺţҵĺҲкˣô֣㰴ɡ
֣Ҳܲ͵Ǹҵһεļ֤ɣ
ţʱѾ˺ܶ顣
Ի֮ѾȫĽ⿪£֪һոµ·Ѿ̳ǰ
ǵģ·ۣߡ
ǣײη塣
ߣԼĺδִᣬҲýչ
ңİдڣֻʲôΣգ
Ҫǣ׸ϣԼĺһ֮޶ȴƽĹһȻ޵ֻء
˵ĺ塣
룬Ҳ뵽ʼįģִһִǿ֮·
δ飬ѾԽԼĴڣԤֻ֪ôأ
׳˼ʱ΢΢¶Цݡ
ж︣οûгǲٵģ
׵ȻһЦ˿ⷽǬռ䣬ʥҲͬʱӦʥ˽ĴڣӦʥ˽Ķ
ָһ㣬֮ľȣǡѾȥ˽ˡ
磬ͬԼ˵ӣʱ˽ꡣ
Ҳ˵԰ʼڣʱ˾ǧꡣ
ʱ䣬ȫĿԽܡ
ҪʼðʦˮʦطˣҲҪʼΪ˱Ϊδˡ
ʱѾȫӵǿˡ
ﵽʥľ磬ԽİԵǿ깥һʥ۷֣ǰҲֻǱɱĽ
һʮУȻһ̣׺Ȼǰһ޵ĺڶ˽ȥ
ƮƮͨڤĿռͨѾ򿪣׾ôȻ˽ȥ
µǣԼֵοЦݡ
ȻЦݣɢΪӣףƣδ֪ĺڶ

һ꣬ڳɳˡ
֮Уһο̾ϢȻһɫĹâǶʱռ䣬ڳ׵ʧ
˵ˣû֪Ҳ֪


ʮ ԩħ


294 ˮ
ڶ֮У̬ѾȫĲͬն
ʱ򣬿ʼΪ˶Ŭһ˵Ҹ
һ꣬պһ꣬ʵһΪ˳ˣָо׾Ҫˡ
뵽˱ԼΪԼػڸ£бһۡ
ͨڶռ䣬׸ܲκε˺ѵϣңںڶռ֮ףǿп޵ġ
ɵ޷Խ׵ֶİ徫֮ڣһвǲԽ׵ġ
ڤռʱ׳ֵĵطڤĵ޻ĮԱߵɽ͡
վ谵Ŀռ䣬һܣܵңˮڡ
һ꣬Ѿȥһˡ
ңˮʵ˵ãһ꣬Ҳûڤ۵ľ硣
˿̵ңˮȻô˫Ȼô׿һưɫĳĴϣķͷഹ˿
üƽչţһ˫۾˿ȴǱ׵Ƥĺš
ܣɫâ˸ܸоңˮ˿̴ﵽ˾żڤľˡ
ͬģСѾߣ˿̵ʵҲѾż񾳽ˡ
֮Уǵľٶȣȷʵʮֵ˵á
лϲ֮룬ʱûȵĳȥǳʱԼһϢȻֱӵĽĹͷ˳
ʥڲռ΢΢һĲȻȻһ£Ĺһ𣬺Ȼĳ׵ǰ
Ĺ΢΢һЦʦľ
һ֮ȻµĻĹЩĿףû˵
죬üͷһƣͬʱгĿһ׵׶һ꣬ʲôˣ
΢΢Цʦͽʥľˡ
΢΢һ㶣ʥ磬콣֮ľô
׵˵ͷ콣֮󣬱㿪ʼӵھŲ콣ռ壬ʥİ徳硣
ʦһ꣬߼콣¾磬Ҳȷʵʮˡ
ֻҪʵɺܿͻˡ
΢΢һЦȻ츳Ϊʦο֮ΣΪʦ׼ȥѰʦˣ׼Ժ˵ɣΪһô
ʮĵ˵ͷˣʦ
״Ĺֱӵĳңˮ֮С
ֱ󷨽ңˮȻӦĿһݣһͬʱ˼˲վеĽৡһǰ
Ŀ׺ʱңˮ΢΢һ㶣ȻĿʮֵĸ
ƺʮֵĲţңˮݺݵԼ˫ۡ
ɰĶ׺ĵ΢Ц
û˵죬ȴĿȵĶңˮ
ˮ
һĺӣҲЩˡ
졪
ңˮҲǾһĿɻ󵽲ţٵʮֵľϲҲתΪ˼˵ļ
ͬʱ̤Ȼʮ־ϲӵһ
ãá
Ķȫˡ
ѾּĹׯԺڲҵˡ
ңȻѲÿ죬ĹĴתתȻάһׯԺİ֮ҵ
ȣңңʵ͵ģֻﵽ񾳽磬Ҳܲˡ
٣˶ԣһľ磬Ѿѵˡ
ţ׵ĳ֣Ȼʹң΢΢һ֮󣬱ʮֵĸˡ
ڵд׶ˣȻңƬ̺󣬴ɰŮǰ
ү
Ůһʮֵϲ
˿̣ˣʵѾﵽ˾ż񾳽磬ģޱȡ
һսףȻƷǿӣңˮ󷨺ʵҲʮֵľˡ
ĵɫĳȹ˵ϣôˣĺͻֵ΢Ц񵭶òǰҲһ
ΪĶģĸ߸ߵ׳۵ظʵջ֮
Ѿͷ֮Уڻǳˣ¿˵ͬʱҲþջˡ
΢΢һЦҲﵽʵˣүΪÿһϺõսװɣǵʥ˽磬ǿʹõŶ
º͵ЦţѾߴ˿̿׵Ϊ˵ֻʵߣǻһ𾴣׶˺øж˼֡
ôһ˵˶ʱʮֵĸˣĿߣĿɬߣȻÿŮǰһ¡
ԱߵĹĿɿڴֱ졣
֪״ﵽʥ磬ĹҲԼ֪ʮֵ˿̼׼ĹʱҲԼĿһһԼĴ磬һ꣬ʲô硣
΢΢һЦԼǬָ֮У˵ʥڲĿռ֮УźܶĲϵģҵɱ˰޵ˣеĲϣǱȽ϶ġ
˿ҪϵĻŸӼ򵥵İ취ǾǴʥķԲǬ֮гȡ
˲׼ʮָӴĲϣ΢΢һЦʱˡ
ܼ򵥵ĶĶ˵С
ֻ׵΢΢һ죬ȻȻ䣬֮гŵĺɫĲ֪Ļ档
һֻңϣĹ꣬оһɿֲ֮
˶ʱɫ䣬һ˲Ҳ԰
ֻ棬ɫĻ棬Ԩҵ֮Ļ棬ǿЩ˼顣
ֻ׵ʹ˳򵥵ҪʵĶԱȣü˳׵ɵˡ
֪ʲôʱңˮվĹ˵ͬĿƵĶ׵Ķ
ʱңˮȴǿĻɾһ㣬òҸ
׳ңˮ΢΢һЦϵĻʱɳγһһͼΣмĻɫİɫĻ׷׵תţ̫ͼȾʮУȻĲϣȫĽĻ֮Уʱܿı㱻ڻ
΢΢һЦһ֮ᴩڻ֮Уʱɻ濪ʼˡ
У֮еĲϣٶȶȻӿ죬ǻ֮еĿռ䣬Ȼ䱻һ
򣡡
ңˮһȻҪڤ۾磬ңˮ֪Ѿӽˡ
ҲĿһȻǾȡ
Ϊ콣ǰľ羫Ӧľ󣬵ǵ콣¾콣޺۾֮Ĳ࣬Ӵ֮
콣޺۵ռ壬мĿԽȣǴĲ˼顣
콣ռ徳絽ʥ־Ƿ˼
ȻҲһ㣬г֮⣬Ǹ֮̾
뵽׿ǶȡٶȣȻ˲١
΢΢һЦ˶ԼֶΣȴû̫⡣
ҫҲΪʲôֻ֣Ǹʱ٣Ĺ̶ѡ
Ϊһķƣٵüʱ䣬ʱ׿ǲԸϡ
ˣԷռڲʱٶȣʹ˲෨
㣬Ӵڻ̥ս׳¯ȡս׵Ĺ̡
һչ˳̫ڲռʱٶȣѾһ򱶣Ҳһ˲ʱ䣬ȥ˺öꡣ
ǹۿҲֻǿ̫ڲһӰ˸Ȼɹˡ
Ƭ̺ȫ֮˶ɵˡ
һΣΪʮֶ࣬ҳȡʥڲྫƣ˳֮£ʱƳƷʥսס
ԼΪʥľ磬״̬״̬£ҲѾﵽȫ״̬緽Ҳﵽʥ۷״̬һƷʥȻ֮


295 Ѫӻ
һƷʥǼƷʥҲǲѵġ
ңʵңˮʵײΪڤ磬ʵԸǡ
ԣ΢΢һЦױȽϺõװ·͸ңˮ֮ʣµģһ׸Ĺףֱ͸Լңϡ
˿̣׳ּ˼ʥѾʹܵ˲СĴ˼򵥣ҹϵʮ˵ãȫûоܾ׷׼ѪȡȻ
ʱ׷Ҳڲʲôˣ룬ȱŵѪȡҴڸҴķ
˵ţ׿˿˶Ŀ⿴΢΢֣Ƭռ䣬˵ⷽϣҲҪص֪
Ȼ׷׵ͷ
Ȼѭ򽥽ķ
һǵѪȡֻм򵥵ϵ÷ǧ֮һٷ֮һʵȣ
дԼУģ飬ԴȵѪȡȻ㲻ϵдݶɷӰٷ֮һٷ֮ʮȣ
һַԾѪԪܷӷʵٷ֮ʮٷ֮ٲȡ
Լĸ򣬼ȻԾѪֻȡѪʮ֮һȴ԰ٷ֮ٵıӦʮ֮һľѪȻЩðգȴ£ܴȽϸķ
׽Լĵ˵˳ͬʱ˴ķ
ΪˣʵʺܲģȻ˺ңҪ㣬ҲһǴ
ƵƷʥͬʥһ㣬ӵһĹǾǾżǬ󷨣ѪޣܳȡȫͷѪޣսʱ
һˣҲԱ֮磬Ҳ䱻ɱˡ
һԾѪ˷Ҫᣬڳ˵ˡ
Щֽ֮˷˿׵Ŀ⣬Ǽ˵𾴺ͳˡ
رŮףƺ޲һ㣬ʵ׸оοΡ
ȵоյĴķ֮ױѯңˮڲѪˡ
ҪѯʣңˮɫЩΡ
ôˣʦʲôΪѵģ˵ɡ΢΢һ£ʱкȻЩջˡ
ʵô£Ѿ֪ˡ
ϣңˮԼ˵
ңˮ׵ƽĿ⣬ܾ˾޴ɱ⣬΢΢ָоߵǺʵȫůţʱǴӦѪֻΪʵ̫죬ֶø󷨣ҳΪ˵¡޵Ķ
˿ԼԦޣҲǿԼԦ˵ģ뷨ǲԸ⣬ң֮УаҸǲԸֻǸһǧ׼ʱ䣬һǧ껹شǣǽˡ
ңˮ˵ʱ䣬ȴ㹻ٶꡣ
΢΢ʵģңˮ˵ģӵĸӺŭ
ǲҪңˮ£ͨңˮƳΪ¯ȻʵѸͻƣ
뷨ʵ˷ŭ֮
ң̵ģһȺסڤģȴǳԽڤ۵ΪǵĴڡ
׵ȻһЦʦʦǷģ£һȥġ
ңˮҲ׵ʵ˵ţ׶ҲҪġ
׵İɣʦǵĻԲμˣõѪǵ鷳֮һֱӵ뿪
ڼ䣬һҪĹѰİˣʱ򻹻ټҲ˵ڣǰкһ¡
ңˮид׷ױʾ⡣
㣬룬ҲûдݾߣĹڤռʱʱʥս״һʥڲй¶ܡ
ĹȻ֪˼ģȻ׵ĻĹûκεĻɡ
ҪԼİˣĹе˷ܺͼҲǿ֪ġ
ңˮˣ룬ĹʱǽʥΪôһ㣬ҲԾˡ
Ȼûʵǿû׵ʵǿҲŵﵽľ硣
پһҪﵽ߼ľˣԲĹ֪ԼûʵȻǼͻƵĺá
٣Ѱƶʱмֱ֤
Ϊ˲ʥӦĹʥʱȡĹϵʥȥ
˿̣µĿģȻڤ粻ɽϵĻʹˡ
ɽڻϣڤռΡ
ľ룬һ˶ԣȻʮңԶģǶףֻҪһ򵥵ĴŲƣɵĳ˻ϡ
ڤ磬ȻһĻ谵ͳϾڤռ䣬Ȼô
ֻһˣϴƵսףʱҲ㹻սˡ
ϵĽָҲ˵ɱڤӶõöͨǬָЩף塣
Ǭָڲ۵һ£һǬ󷨣ռʱӴ̫̫࣬ҲǬռ䣬ǱôС
˻ʹӴĽԼµƣķò˳
ңӣһ壬浱ڤˡ
׳ʱֻӳһ澢ؼ䣬ʱһ𽣣ֱӵ
ʱףʵĴһһ񣬾Ƭس׵Ļҷ
׸ϲԽ
޴Ĺʱ˲仯һƬҽ
˿̣һȺǧǱĴӹ֮з˳ȫǼ˷ŭĶףף
Уһòʮ־˵ĻɫսŮӣЩ˵м˳
ŮӾĵطЩ˷׷׵ıá
Ů޳ߴ㳬ףǲԵѿΪȫŴһţޣǾˡ
ײû̫ĴĿ⵭ĵҪңˮƳɶ¯
ŮĿһݣ΢΢һЦȻʥ˶ˣȻ˵Υ˷򣬺˲Ӳġ
Ů˵ƽȴƺ͸ĳεѹ
׵ʵֻǸովΪʥˡ
𣿡΢΢һЦĿʱһǰգ͸ɱ
ɣ
׵Ȼ˵ʵ֮׾͸оյ״ҲȻоˡ
ڤ磬ʥ˶ʵȥ˵һ־ֱ꣬ӹʥϽġ
ֻʥ˽磬Ȼһˣʵʮֵľ˵ġ
ᣬ¡
һʱӰ
ͬķ豹棬ͬıֵͬһƽʵͨͷһ
һͨͷӣŴ˵΢ЦһɫĲԵʮֵӡ
еĹȣƺҲûκεһ
һӣѾʧЩŵʱҲֱϣһѵõϡ
ѣ֪ΪʥֶԸ½֮ˣѾΥ˹򡣡ȴǴһĪѹ
Ŀһֻɨ˺һۣ΢΢һž޲ϣ¶˿˿𾪡
˵ĲҲһ£ô¡ն鲻˵÷ľѪʮΣȻｫӴ
׵Ȼ˵Ŀ֮䣬һɱɱ⡣
̬ȣú΢΢һͬʱпٵ˼
˵˭ôľôȻð˳ƺʵʮֵ˵ã
ңͬʥ磬֪ԼʵѾʥ˽۷壬׵Ŀʱ򣬺Կ϶һֻҪԼԷĽԼ˲ɱ
Ȼʥ˲ֻ֮ʹ࣬ǿ֪ģ
޾ֻأκһʥΪ֮ɫ䡣
ԣ˼ͬʱԼ֪ʵһε
Ȼ󣬺ֻ΢΢̾Ϣһ飬½֮ԼìܣϽ֮˵ݣ־ǻ˹أȴʵ
׵ô˵ǲ㽻ʮλﾫѪˣ
ȻһЦ֪Ҳ˼Լ棬ûʵԿԼҲķ
ң׿˶Դңˮһ壬ǻˡ


296 ֮
ʵҲһ˼ΪĹϵѾ֪ڽʥ˽磬һشĽڽӣѼٵʱ򣬺Ȼףʹ˼ţǲⳡѵʼ
ĽѴһ̿ʼĻʵһʵӦٶȥĿԣֻвɡ
һڵȴһʱ䣬ֻҪ귽ĽԵɣôԼʵǰδеľʱνʥҲָտɴġ
ңһ˱ҪʱԼıֶΣҲȫĿóġ
˼Ƭ̣ӦľѪʮΣǿеģҲҪӦĸۣ
׵ȻһЦӺĳ֮У׸ӦһɵɱֵɱȻƺӵкԿ
ףϣȷʵûԼǿ󣬵һѾõôֻбϵôһͣ
ңˣ׾ԲΪԼ뷨ɱΣΪֶΣͲʥ֮еκˣҪȻʵӡҪѹסˣҲǲ׵ġ
ȻûⷽĹǣҲ˵ﱣʮ־ˣʮֿ¡
ЦЦʲôҪ˵ɡ
Ժ֮ͣᣬȻκε˵˵⣬֮ǰϵǹƣʵʧɫһѣˣҲֻкʥ̸еԼһˣʵǲ϶ѡ
ţȻ뵽Ҫĳ֣ʥ˽ЩǿߣʥӦþлɱһ˵ġ
ֻȻպޣҲ֪ʵ⣬һֱĹվһߡ
׼ģʵҲѾͨ͸͸Ů˵˼ɶʱҲЩɱ
ֻǺʵŮˣʱǼƽϣȵĳһ죬ԼдʱֻˣⲻֻصĽ֡
׿ıȽϵֻǶŮˣҲûʲôøС
ʱȻʵǿᣬҲͺսΪΪʥ˽䣬һս֮£Ȼǣ˼ʥ˽磬һ֮ʥ˽ֻҪëĻǲġ
Ҳ֪㿪ʼ׾֪ʮ鿪֮·ĳʱ䣬ԩħ鷢޷ֹģһʥ˽սٴεı
̣˼ɵģ׼ɵҲɵ
ԣʱֵĻٺһǳֺõġ
µĿģֻǵõѪԼෲһ漴ɡ
ң׻֪ԩħ飬ԼϹϵ
˼һҪˣôȻҲ˿ķȻһܺͺʥ˽Կɱһ壬ɱһЩʥˣǿеġ
ͬ΢΢һЦľѪǵȡǱɣǣһΪػǸһľѪôɥǣĻѪͳͲٴˣԣµĲ֮߳ǰһֱػŻһ塣
΢΢ҪҿԴӦҲ㣬ȣǻһٸҶңˮһ֣ҽ˿κʥ˷Ĺ˲Ĩɱһ塣
⣬ۻһΣֻҪԵΣս٣ôҲ֣
˵ţĿɨ˷һֻۣŮ˺Ȼɥʧߵĵλ֮еŭ⣬ʮǿ
ŮˣΣʮֵƽĵֺȴġ
Ц
üͷ΢΢һ壬ᣬ㲻֪ĻԵôٲ֪ôҷ𣡡
Ļһ˶ʱһƺܵ˼塣
ɫӲ԰ףתΪ˲ҰףȻ𽥵Ļָ˻ĵ׵һַŭʱҲȫʧˡ
ǺȻһûκεķĵͬʬһ㣬ϣҲһֵҡ
ǣʥˡ
˵ţȻɫ΢΢ЦЦԡ֮ǰһ㣬ŵĲõЦݣЦȴһ޷˵ı
Ȼ˵һԵǲĽǴѪͳһں˱˵ľѪǿҲٺͲκεĹϵˡ
ָоߣ˵һūûκɵıλ֮ɽ׵ūѡ
̬˶ᶮã侳ˣȴ֪ʹ࣬ܡ
ǣΪһ壬û˵ʲô
Ҳ׵ǳȥûκκôģ٣ˣһˣһĿ⣬һ塣
ԣûѡ
꣬ģҲʮ߰Ůģǳ̬͸ӵ˼룬ԼڵĹһ쵼ߵķ緶һ˵ȻϺͰ⣬£ЩκεĿ顣
û˴Ļ֮ѪκλҲȻ
ĵ˵һ仰֪뷨λʥˣҲǲ֪ġ
仰֮󣬷Ŀ΢΢ϣȻԲ棬ԼǣʱʮξѪ
֪ƽ˵ѪֻͨѪҲǿ󣬶ҪˣҪڲɢ˺ǽʱͨĲѪЧá
ܻıѪȴٺò
һŮӣ΢Щ塣
ǵģվڶԷĽǶȣһУʮģһǿʳ磬һǿޱȣȴ͸ѪѾѵˡ
ңңˮҪѪΪңˮʵܳΪõĶ¯Ҫ󣬻һ忪öԷǣûǿҲѾѵˡ
վͳߵĽǶȣ䶼Ϊˣûдġ
Ϊ¶Լȴǣһ׮飬ȴ޿κ֮
ʮξѪҲ˿ĲֱӵĽȡһöѾƺõƿ֮С
ЩȴûнЩȡʥ֮УȡԼڲĽǬ֮С
ڵ硪ǬǬռ䣬ѾʮֵӴ
Ϊȫһͨ壬Ǭ󷨣󷨵Ƚڵ磬ѾĿռ䣬ʮֵ
Ŀռ䣬ƿܽʱٶһı
£Щʱ䣬׶ԣҲûʲô̫壬Ϊ滹磬ʵѾνˡ
ֻҪ˾ȳ֮ȫûκεıҪȥʱġ
ңһʱ䷨֮и壬ʵǲģԸһ㣬׸ǲ῿ȥˡ
ʮǵĲ߷ľѪȡƿ֮УֱӵĽƿ˽Ǭڲ
ʱ׻عͷѾʧˡ
Ȼ뿪ˣΪʥˣȻʮֵţǲѵġ
һȺʵȻǿǰϵĴڣȻҲмȥƭ
ʵҲףԼΪУԼһ飬ȫѪȡȻԼһξѪʵǽȡԼߡ
ǺԼһ֡˼ơֶΣߣԼһߵˡޡһ
Ƿ᲻ǻһߣںԼ˾Ѫϵ֮ȻҲΪԼµˣһ壬ΣҲԼϹϵˡ
ЩϵȻ׵ģΪˣȴҪҲõĽ֡
Ͼһ֮ʥ˽սײԸ
ʱ뿪׻ת˺ǴһĻ
ֻɫĻ֮УӰ𽥵ʧţҰ׵˿̱ͨһƬ
˫֮еּôĸӣҲô̡
һ˫ؼ˫ָۣӵļĴŶе׵ģĺݺݵĴһ¡
׵ģ΢΢һȻ䷢֣ÿˣڤĿռ֮УһЩνĹ꣬ԭҲӵŸӵĸġ
ܵĴ󣬵Ǻ
ʱûԥģ׺ȻԼ֮ԭǣʱ˲۳һξѪһȻ䴩͸˷塣


297 Ѫ
ԶɫսŮĬĬĹۿţĻﻯ˱壬շİš
سѪ֮þòɢ
һںкȻЩ𶯣Ҳ˲Сĸд
ǵģÿ壬ÿˣߵˣһУԴ˶ʮֵĺ飬ǶԴԼˣôĴ˽ôĿ
۳ΪɽһľѪ˲䶴˷Ǳõ塣
Ļ֮УһĻвȻȫŭˣȫ׳˹
̫ݶˣ
̫ˣ
ȥɣ

Ⱥ鼤ܣ˶׹ΪǿĹߣ΢΢Ĳһ£ʧˡ
ΪǿĹףѾ첻һ㣬һ˺
ײûл֣ʱκεĽͣǶġ
ľǽ۵ľѪȻǰԽ֮ƣǣһƣֱӶԵĴ͸壬ľȻеĲļߡ
ѪİȻڼ֮ϣĲ̻ţڱݵĺŷ
һ䣬ĳ̶ȣʵҲԹ޻ڵȥˣ˵ĵ£ǲΪߣҲĸˡ
ȻЦˣЦݣǳĵ˵Ц֮⣬׾Цݡ
ڻ֮Уõ
ʶûʧ˵ûȥֻ۳˾Ѫʧ֮ڵһ˵ĵز
˰ԽľѪںϣ֣ᷢѾȫĻָԭ״̬ʵҲѾҪͻƣʥ˾ˡ
ֻǣȴûиʵǿû˲˵ĴѪѾվˣ䣬ЩߣӵĲЩΪԼİš
ڻ֮УվĿƽģҲѾȥ
һʧ;֮ľı飬ƽͬʬһı飬һڷϳ֡
ײû˵ʲôԸо̬Ϊ˵ޣûκεķҲûκεȥҪΪˣԼòһܡ
Ȼ䣬׾ãԼƺΪһˣ
뷨ҲֻǵȻһЦ̬͵Լһ
ʵϣԼҲûжԲһʲôʵȫ
ߣԼߴţԼʥޣѵһʮʹ飿
Ȼ䣬ڿѰ˵ЩͲϵĹУķᣬıľΪ׵һµȤ
ڻ֮ٴεĸ˻󣬰𽥵ʧˣʣµģһѶѵĿŮˡ
ＸȫĶŮˣҲУǺ١
ЩһȺȺģɵɵվգۿףֿŷᣬȻصĿѲţ֪ڸЩʲô
֮˲֮ǰһԭǾ˶ɱˣ΢΢һ֮ЩСŮǶ΢΢ЩǸ⣬Ȼֺݺݵĵһۣƺ֪ġ
һ棬ǺܿɰģҲֻǵЦЦû˵
˿ѾĲĻʹ΢΢һЦȻԼȺľˣȡ˷ᡪʱ߳Ϊʥޣô飬һǶԼĿҲǺбҪġ
Ȼϸ˵׸ͲںЩ˻ôԼ
΢΢ЦЦ˿һֱ΢վԼķᣬº͵ҲؿˣʲôʲôɣԺʲôڣҲˣǾƽȽɡ
ԭΪ׻̬ĶԼָʹΪ֮ǰԼ˵ĳ嶯ŭʱ׵Ļ΢΢һů
ô˵ףʵҲǺͺǵʥһ磬Ȼ˺ɫҪõĶҲѾõˣʵȫĲҪһʲôġ
뵽֮ǰĿݺµĺɫº͵Ļ΢΢һ˿ĺøС
ʱ뵽ߣȻλߣǻ߼ɫ˿ֻΪֺԼѡ
һ룬뵽׵ָʹͲбĶʱеһ˿øҲʱʧ
Ȼô΢ľվţͲ˵ʲô˿׵Ļϡ
Ȼͨ͸о˼ʲôǴ˿ȴû
ͬģ˵ЩҲûлָԼмֺøУΪԼһԼ̣˵ûԼҲԭ¶Էġ
ͬġ
ЦҷԸʱܿȻҪһʱ䣬ôȻĲƲˡ
׵Ļ˵꣬һ˫΢΢һãָܽѾǻһߣҲ֤һ壬Զٶңˮһκε˼
ĳޣʵûеģΪһеķŭͺ⣬ڱĲ˵Ļʹ
ڲ˶ԣҪķ˼ģЩʥ˶ԣҪָǺܼ򵥵ġ
ʥķǰνƻҲν
ΪκεĽ֮ӣһԭӵģһƻ൱ڽ𣬵Ƕʥ˶ԣһռ䵹˵ķܽЩָ֮ǰԭ״̬ҪָȻѡ
ΪߣȻǶЩģһʥ˭Ϊ˻ָһ½ͬһĲĻʹ
˵ȷʵĳ޻˲١
Ƿ˵ȴеĲ綼ˡ
ǣжʱ˲١
ܻʹڲڣǵĻߣߡߡ
˷֮ǰѪİţѾȫĲͬˡ
׸оõĵ׵ĸжֻǴľѪϵӦģ׿ȥӦ
΢΢ĳĬ֮󣬷Ŀ˼ҷܸлҵĺ񰮣ԺΪѪͳߵλãѾΪôˣҲˣˣʱ뿪ˡ
ǻҪ֣ǾǱȥԡ
鲢ï˵ţǼ٣Щ̾Ů˵ֶΡ
һĻĿ֮ᣬڻʹܣ޶ĿӨ͸
գɵЭʮ֮ڣûµ֣߳Ὣٵλߡ
ֱµ֮߳ǰҲ뿪ʹ
˷ĵǲ֮еĻﶼ˻ﱾ壬ǻա
һĻһŵڿУγһºʵǽһ㡣
Ǵ˿̣ȴʮֵİÿֻĿ⣬ס׵Ķ
ЩУ׻㲻һˣҲһˣһӴʥ
ڷУһ㡢һ˿˿ìܣȴˡ
ڵĴΪʲôԭʮŨҵĺޣ˿ȴʧ˲أ
ңƺˣĲǵòȻ˰
Լ֪̬΢ת䡣
û˴ѪͳѾΪľĸԴԶϾġ
ԣףȻⲻôǿңǺøУȻǷȱ
ףĿűԼĻʹһӳ
ʱҲȫʩΪ֮䱻Ŀռ䣬ʱʱ仯ʱŷ츲صı仯
ʱ䲢ûг̫ãԼĪƬֹ̣ͣʩչʱյ˷֮ʹʱȻһ¡
ˣʹ֮֮ǰ״̬Ҫ˲١
Ϊʱյ˵ķһ޸֮ԭϴĲȱҲ޸ȫ
ǸЩϲ֮ͬģ׵ĸоҲôӺˣҲٵŴĻ˫ۣˡ
żЩСĻͶһɬĺߵЦݡ
Ҳ֪ΪΣȻ˲١
ʱյ˵İ壬ȻҲȷʵȻҲʮӴ󣬵ҲֻܶԸһЩûĶѣʱյˣƾɲƵĶָԭ״Ķ編ȥ˵ȣȴǲܵġ
ǽһʬָΪ壬ѾʧҲ޷ٴδġ
ʱյˣҲܵġ
ԸķʹȻֵ
׵ȻһЦˬ˲٣ӦģЩӵĿ⣬׺Ȼ˵ɾ͸С
˵ףԼ˼ҵǣֻ˼ҵϳԷûƴǺõˡ
ﵽʥ磬׵̬ƽˣΪ˴ҲӵıˣҲΪֱ֣ʹ˼Ȥ
õʮξѪʮ飬׵ģȻӵǿˡ
ĶֻҪԼӰѾܿҲܴˣʱֱʮ壬Լ˵ߣ
ǿ⴩ģΪ˸˾ϲײûǰ˼棬ҪǣѾȫԿ϶治ʲôöҲòϼһ֣ʲô˷

ڲʹÿֻǼ򵥵ĸ弴ɣʵϣʱʱٶҲνΪ壬Ѿȫʱ˹ϵ
һ꣬ڵĽǬһ꣬ûκε
ֻҪˣٴξҲ£Ҫȴѡ
ͬھУҪѾƣʮֵѣһġ
ѣȴǲܣ
Ϊ׵УѾһΣԽģԵˣȫٴεͻƵġ
ʵµףѾû̫ջˣʵԽǿȻԽףһԩħᷢʲôãһˡ
ңɵԩħʲô򵥵Ķ
Ȼ
˼ţȻ䣬һʱо˼˲õļһˡ
һֻˣˣȻŴﵽʥʵ
ָ̯΢΢һʱó˵֣ԪްԡѪ
ֱ˵Ҳ֪Ժ˵ġ
ȻǰӦǰᣬ˵ȡѪӣԼԿˡ
΢΢˿̷ˣΪʱ֪ǲȥ˵ģΪδҪԣȫġ
ܾûгˡ΢΢һЦ


298 ȫ塤ս
ڤռ䣬ʹ档
ԪްԺѪˣ˿ѾվһŲʹˡ
һΣ˾ָܵʾǰȡѪ
Ϊ㵽ʥڲѾܾûнȥ֮Щˣˣڳ˼֮£ƻǰ׼Լʱȡ˽Ѫ
ˣʵ£ܵʵϣƿ֮ˡ
ȡ֮ѪʵΪ̽ĿǰĽչ⡣
ͬģɱ׵ĻȻ̫ģڵõʮ֮ʵ̫ǿһô飬Ҫúõһˡ
µ嶼ѡ֮ǻȻ׵ʵܿ죬ȴΪҲһѣңвʱ仹ʥڲģĻǸԼ˲ϵ
£֪֪ˣҪԸףѡ
һ棬־ãȣڵףһֻ˵ĺҲ޷Լֲ
һ׵ȡʯͷųԩĻٽʹʥ˽ֺƽ٣ʱԼҲǣϡ
˼ã¶һ˿ĺ⣡
ûидջҾԪȥ׵ȻǱҪ˳֣㣬ӦӤĴ㡣
뷨ʵʵһ㶼ӣľ磬ΪλߣѾʹνˡ
Ψһ循ȵģֻһʱڣ˵ľѡ
ԣ׵ʵǸֵġ

ֱˣ׵ģȻƽ
ʵҪ˵ںʥս׶ǲµģȻ˺ˣѾȫַӡ˵֮ǵʵҲָʥ֮еˮƽ
ʥ֮УһˣʵѾﵽʥľ磬ؼ귽棬Ҳȫ׶״ֻ̬Ҫһַ꣬ﵽ״̬״̬ȻսĻײһܴĹ
ϾеĲ࣬ȻǺǿġ
ڿУϾһɫĳۣ嶼ԵʮֵͨƽС꣬һϷʵĿɨʹ
ò߽ʮξѪȻһ壬
һԪˣȻȵ
ȻУΪҪ쵼
һ𵴵ĹȻԪûд㿿ʵϣǴһѹġ
Ϊʥ֮еˣһˣѹЩУȻһ㡣
һڲĻǣȫըѣΪ֮еʮܡ
ʱоռĲѹ΢΢һѾ̬ѸٵĽ
ֽʮѸ٣Ƭ̼䣬׵״̬Ǻȫ״̬
Ȼ״̬ʱ䲢ǺȻ״̬ԿˣѾԶԸˡ
ϾȻǿѹԺƴս˻ǲеġ
ףΪ״̬ǿ󣬶緽ͬʥ˶Щʥˣպÿƣ˶ˣȫġ
ңҲ㵽£Ȼʲô
Ȼ㲻ʲôģֻҪԽһ룬׾͵ó̽ĿģҲ׼ǿֶνĨɱ
ȻڽڽȻֵףҲȫĺˡ
ΪһۿҲֻΪͨ˶ѣϾ״̬ǿˣ˿ףȻʲô̵ӡ
ʱ򣬷쵼ŻҵĲһ岻ϵǨĵػ󡪡ײõһ־Ǭ󷨡
ٵĻǣҲԶԶĹۿţϴŵǵı顣
УȻףǴ˿̣ͬһߣϣܴˡ
һµߣӵдĻһʥŮѾֻ仹൱С˼֮Ҳ޷ߵλá
֮УһֱԽ̵̵ʱ䴫֪ʶͻ߲ſϰĹ

֮ӳһɫĹĻס˵
΢΢һ٣Ŀһۣɫ
ףԪĿʵ˵⻰ʱްԺѪѾػǰ
ҾףȻ˵

Ԫ
˽ӵȫԸףһΣգΪĿܷʥ䣬ȡ˲־׵ġ
ǣ֪ʥ䣬Ѿ״ڵǬռ֮С
һܻȡѶϢֻ׼Ķѡ
⣬һַԿɱΣ˵һ󵼡
󵼣Ҳ󵼶ѣΪ˵ʱյĽ֣Ȼǻı֪ϾˣȥҲǲܵġ
׵һЦƽ
ˣԭȫûйϵҲ˻ΪԼ˺ԼĹϵȫǾģײġ
ԵģǼ٣ʲôĿģ˱˺صĺޣһ̱˳
Ԫֱµ߹ûʲôֵġ
ߣ
һͬˡ
ʥ壬Ͼ״̬ȫһȻľˡ
ⳡս䱾ѾˣһһߵսΪȻ״̬в࣬ԪˣڸܵǾ޴ĳʱһ£һɫó顣
ֻһ˿мҲûκεкʹ⡣
Ȼ״̬ͬΪµͽֻ㱾£Ȼõ˵á
ˣĿۣɲǼ䣬һͬȵȫ
ͬʱͬһ۵Ĺâʥ壬׵ꡣ
ֻоһͬɵһкݺݵĴ͸Լ꣬ȻŰ
űʮ飬ʱâĳ׾Ҫ޵ˡ
޲ɫҲȻѿˣ˲䣬ˣȻΪһˣһɫսףһս֮еģ׵ĸߴӡ
״̬Ҳһ㣬ﵽȫ״̬
£֮䣬Ǳľ磬ĽλȫĶԵȡ
ս棬ǿ֮ĽԷҲӵпֲ깥ֶΡ
΢֪Լһ廹ˣȻẢ
һ״̬ʥԼȻﵽȫĺʥϵ״̬ԼΪĿܡ
Ȼ䣬׵ģࡣ
ܵһδ۹âĹ׵΢΢һ٣ʱٴεĻһ
Ԫ˺֮ˣʱҲ׳˹ȥ
ľ磬սʱ׼ûжʱѣûв޴Ļһıը
֮߳䣬ǿ˲䱻ϣû˿
Ҳ󳬼ǿ߶սʱΧΪȫġ
һͬ޴ĺڶʱȡĴ֮еķ壬ȻһЩ壬㻯ʱԪɱȥ
Ԫɫһһ˺ռѣʱĺڰϵĻԪУȻϵѹ
ɫĹâתУ˲γһԲεͬˮһĶֻתĴźɫ绡׵ĹâͿԿⶫҲʮֵĿֲ
һٵء
ԪеˮҲͬըһ׵Ľ
ݡ
ݡ
ˮͽȻٴεײһ
ռƺҲһϢȻ˲ٴεƽ
ȴǿԿǿռ佻ĵطĿռ䲻ϵѷܣȻǿֲĺڶڣȴʼûн΢к֮ȥ


299 Ԫʥ
ͬʱͬʱˣ׽һģڵĵЩˡ
ԪˣֻɫҰף׿ƺǱܷӡ
ȥԼһȫ״̬״̬Ļô齫ʮֵ鷳ˣΪʱԼؽΪƵĿܣ
Ҳ΢΢ҧһᣬʱȫĳּ˵״̬֮УȻֱһǾ꾫ѪȻ󼸺ۼȫʥľ硣
һΣȫĻ׽ûκεĶڽǬҲȫΪʥһ
״̬ǺʥʱѾȫˣս֮УյԽԽ֮󣬸оһӦܷӳԼļеǱˣһǲɹԼѡˡ
ʮǽ״̬˲䣬ҲѡĿ񻯣ʵϣǿôһ㣬ֹؼʱ̣Ҳʮǿİġ
ײ֪ԪˣҲѾĵʮǿˣң֮ǰƼ򵥵ǸۺϺڰḶ́ʵǺķǼ˳ɵҲҲ֪Ҫսپˡ
֪ʵֻһңҲײӵǿţⳡս֮УûΪʼӶսڡ
ǣʹ˺壬ʵͻͽǱϾĽȫ״̬ԣ˵ʵ˰˳֮˵ĺܿ졣
˳֮£εս֣ƺҲѾע
սḶ́ΧѾ׵ǬɱΣΪΪδˡ漰飬ǲ㣬Ψһʥ䣬ҲɱΣսḶ́ûκ˿Բֵġ
һȺȺĲҲס˺ʱ򣬼еĲĽģΪⳡսʤܣҲϵ˲һ
֮ǰЩ˶׻ƫĻЩ˶ףѾȫûκεˡ
ҲЩڶ׵ĵģҲȷȷʵʵķĵģңģŵǵƫҲȫʧˡ
Σ׵ΪһֱЩŮŮүǵУԴӿʼޣת䵽֮ƫȻٵµĵǺһת䣬ȴʵ
£ĿȻȻûת̫࣬УҲãˣƺĲеô⡣
Ȼ뷨ദȻ׵Ķࡣ
״ʥ״̬ΧһУȻĶУЩ˵̬ȣ׺ȻãԼΪȷʵ߱һȤζȤ
׻ʥ壬ΪǿĿ񻯣ΪڱӡǴ֮ǿȵҲʮ˾̾ġ
ҲֻЩɵ۵ٵʥ˵ľ磬Ӿֳɳ׵ǿȺǿȣҲõ˵ߡ
񻯵״̬һֱûȻʥľ磬֮ʵѾôԣǲ񻯻Ȼ˿״̬֮ٵġ
£սִ˳״̬£Ҳûκġ
ںרɱ꣬Ԫˣֻʣɵĵֿ֮ȴʵʮʮˡ
һ⽣׻׽
ЯŵƣĿԺ졣
ݡ
У޷ǵ裬ΪʥɱʱʱеһУǾֹһ
⾲ֹУʥɱ˳ȥŵһ޷һָ޷ݡȴ걾壬޷ĥӡǵ
ֻҺһƬ
˺һһܻͬΪһ޸ݺݵȥ
ǣٿһӴռݺݵһͣ١
ʱҲûбȫк͡
ֻĲҺ֮ǻ޸ͬĶȻȻͬʱмɵʱĿռ䡰ꡪһһӴĲ棬Ȼ䱻׵һ
ֻĿռ棬һʱ
мʱܻΪ˵壬Ȼ˲仯һ㣬ڿռѸٵʧΡ
ĿռѣǱƵһĻһռһ
̣ʮֵĿֲģ˵һĿռѣĿռѣЩ㲻ʲô
ʮĿռ䣬˲Ĵ͸ѣⷬʮ˾ġ
Ѿˣȫģ
׻εʱ򣬻أԵĿԸܵײһɲǣʥȻɵԷǵ顣
˲䣬ʥõ֣˿Ѿȫʵϣ˵ǣΪǱɵģ廯˷ʧ
ǣףû˻֪ҲԶĲ֪
ԭԪˣΪǿ꣬ʱ׵õһĲ䣬Ѿôˡ
ָģ֮󣬴ڵϣżһɲүǶ۾ɵվء
ȻûĿɿڴ˫Ŀȴһ˿ķĵ׵⡣
ȷʵʶǿҲ֪ԼֻߵһūҲٰڳʲôӺͲǵģˡ
ˣȷʵﲻ
Щ뷨ȻȥҲȻ֪
ڶݵ֮󣬶ʱȻ÷˵˶
Ǳܵģһս֮󣬻һ壬൱ʱ棬ûٸҹˡ
ңǿػֻҪʥţһ壬Ҳʮְȫġ
һ죬ڻһôʮꡣ
һ죬һ壬ǰδеĿ񻶡

ʱţתۼ䣬ȥߣѾٴεıѡһС΢ݡС
СʮϲʮֵĶ£ףȴʮֵ飬ڣżʲôģҲʮֵϲ
΢ݵ˲֮׺ͲһЭҲߵ˾ͷ
ҹһʢԡʢ磬Ը׵ȥ
ʢ֮УܶĲٴεĳ˱
ʮദ֮У˫Ľֺѵõꡣ
΢СЩ֮У޵ĵ֮һ׺οҲ÷ЩĬЩ⡣
˿ģҲҸɶȹʵҲѾˡ
벻õô˵ϲһûʥݣһֱ
ǷΪֱӵҲ뷨׵֮ٲٰڳôһĮľ
Щ뷨Ȼ֪ڲ˵ĻͣײҲЩССꡣ
˵ԭһĺ£õ˵ķĵĸм𾴣ָоĺá

ڶһ磬ױ߳˲ᣬʱҲһֻȸСĻޣ׵ļͷ
ô΢΢죬ȻĽˡ
߰ķᣬҲʼ
ֽҲһֳɾ͸УȻΪʥǶ׶ԣνģֻҪԼÿģ˼С
룬ȻɱԪˣҲֱӺ˶棬Ȼϣ˲ָɵģǣҲνˡ
ҪȡĶҲνˣΪҪȡĶÿһ׶κεˡ
ңҲ֪죬Ҳٲ
뵽һ㣬վУǸһ˿Цݡ
Цݣ᲻һĵħͷֻҪɱˡ
ɵģЩ׺ȻֶԸһ塣
Ȼ֪ǲܵģνңֻûʧ飬ֻıʵˣᡣ
ǣһ̣׺ȻǬռ֮ͷųһˣȻĹ
ȻĹҲھ߼ľ磬ңڶ㾳ıȽȶˡ


300 Σƶ
ȷʮ꣬ʥڲѾʮ꣬ôʱ䣬ȷʵҲѾ㹻ˡ
Ĺ֮ʵҲѾ˵ʲôĹȻ֪ǾԶҪ֪ĺá
ĹΪԼֵܣȻʮֹģҲòΪǣԼս֮⣬ûˡ
Ϊʥ֮ʥ֮սȻǲĹЩ˳ֵġ
ĹʱͷȻΪѰԼİķƶˡ
ԣϣĹ뷨ʵҲѾغˡ
Ĺͷų֮׸Ӧһ״̬΢΢һЦΪҲѾܲˡ
Ϊӵ״ڵŸȶȻûһôֻ࣬һٶ꣬ʵҲѾﵽ˿ֲľżǾˡ
ʵѾѵˡ
ֱӽתƵԼڵĽǬռ֮С
ת屾ûκεĸо
ߣиоҲֻǺȻãռ֮֮ǰĿռ䣬ƺȻǼŨǧ򱶡
ʥ䳹׵Ŀճ֮ĿһֱһɫĻ棬Ѹٵȼ˲佫ʥ䳹׵Ĵݻ١
һԴʥôģ׾ٵĳ״ݻȻ󣬻Ϊ˼ʲôֽԼǬָںУŴռʩչһֲʱٿռٷ塣
ʱڷУǰĿռͻأĵߵһᣬʥ䱾ԴʥĲϣ׵Ĵݻ֮󣬿ʼµĴ
Ӧó꣬׵ʵʱռٷ򳹵״߻£һ˲䣬ܳһٶȣ׵գۼ䣬ʥµĴ˳
һοʱݣȴʵϺķʮʱ䡣
ɴ˿ɼöָ׺ķѵѪж٣
öָκﵽ˿ֲһ򱶣ȻǺľʥ幥ǿһУȻԼ̵˵ľѪʹöָֻԼˣԼĺ˿ʹá
ʥʧˣµġ˽䡯֮֡
ʥģǵϵˮһӨ͸˫
ңΪӵǿĹܣʱǱֳ߲㣬ʮһһǧһʱ
öָ׼͸˵Ľָ˵Ҳ̫İ塣
ȻöָбҪ׿뵽Լ˵꺢ǻὫָػģϾҪѰԴĲϣѶȺܴ
ǣǰʥ˽ȡʯʱҲΪԼĺһö䡯Եػʱ˳ڽָ֮УƴԪƷԪԼ鵤鵤ȣȫһǧţڲԼĺڽִᣬõı֤
ָȻԵֻ꣬ҪǳΣգһ㶼ᱻһвΣգָԶػԼĺ
ûгױƣɼںżеĹػ
ңִ֪ᣬôƽΪִᣬȻδȽϺõĿռ䣬棬ͬĳŹĶǶթҲз޶֮ͽ

ʥʱѪȡԼָϣȻϻһսףƺʮֵ˵ãʵϣӴ֣ʥ־˵Ȳһؿ񻯵Ч
ǣʤޣ׻֪ġ
һеḶֻ́һƬ̶ѣ״º󣬶ʱŷĹֱ˲˳ȥ
ΣҪȥģڤڤ۹
ֻܲѯ֮ǰ˺δڤڤ۹ֻأ硣

ͬʱʥ˽磬֮УĬĬŵ壬Ȼ͵һھѪжȻһɼǿɷ漴Աͬ죬Ҳһ⡣
ôˣ
ɭһЦѾִˡ
ߣСӣɱԪһʹߣϷʥ䣡
QɣôõĺϣѾ꣡Ц
һ˿ıƲѵķǡߣʱᣬףͣҲҺΣ
ȻЦҲֻ㽫Сӵɶ֣ߵһ̵ģң˵ĴʥŮ֮
˵һ㣬Щ
Цʲôʱ򣬵ȶȡĺӣⶫǵͻȫ״̬״̬ߺߣʲô壬ҲǵĻ£ʱһˣֱӽ˻ָʱصĸ㣡
ȻһЦģȴ֣ʱʲô巨ʲô巨ȫܻΪ귨귨򷢶ˣߺߣʱ֪ʲôҷ𶼲У
ҲֻǹһЦû˵ȻݱǺ˲١
ǵʵ׶ʥ˽ʯǾòŴȥˣʱʥ˽磬һ٣
ԣϽ״ֶ̬ΣףֵˣҲֻܱQôʱˡ
侲ʮֵ򶨡
˵ͷû˵
ʲôϵʼգûбԷἰ

Ĺ׼˲ĳڤ۹
ڤ۵۹żڤػ۾˿ػŴԩӴ쾵֮Ȼڴ룬ͻȻı󷨸ȡ
󷨾һתŵУתŤ֮󷨱㽫ڲٽػ۾ֻ̨
̣ʮֵļ򵥡
׼˲ĳǰܿС
׵ĳ֣ʹػ۾һȻȻվ
󡭡ˡ
һۿȥ׵ʵȫĿ͸ػ۾ʱ亹ɭɭ
ΪһλߣԹɫԼΪȷ棬ػ۾ȻĴޱȡ
ֺ׳ڲʹ飬ڤѾ˲֪˲Ҳ˵ʵڤΪǿ˲ߵػ۾ʲô˵ʵ͸ôˣضʥʵ
õжϣڤ磬ʵˣһɱֱʥˣˣҲֻˡ
ػ۾һʲô֪Ϊ֪һԲˣֺá
Ϊֻߣػ۾űְֵʥģԼ֪ʲô˽⣬ػ۾Ҳ˵
ֱʥжôǿػ۾ɱֱʥ˵ףʵﵽʲô磬ػ۾
ʥֵˣػ۾ҵͬ͹һϽĹǰ
˵Щˡ
ײûб¶κεƣʵϣӴﵽʥ磬һֱȽϵˣǰӼһģһ
ΪʥǿᣬΪƹػ۾ǸܵΪҲһֱڲĲ
һֱܵľ⡣
غ¡
º͵˵֮УȻЯһ޷ֿ׺֮
ԭŵػ۾Ȼ
ػ۾΢΢һ˼Ҳ뵽ǰԷȻǿȻҲԼһСƽʲôˡ
̬ȻҲƽе𾴣Ȼʮֵλġ
ߵĹػ۾Ȼһۿ˶ԷΪȴȻͬʮֵĹ
Ȼ֮Уػ۾ҲյĻ߷ᡣ
ػ۾̬ȣ׻Ǻܵġ
΢΢ƴǣֱ˵ػ۾²£һһ·æء
ҲңʲôֱǣСľµҲǣ
ػ۾һϽ˵
ţ΢΢һ㶣漴һʱȻЩˡ
Ϊνµĥʵǽת޼ħ½ȥ
ΪǸ磬ڤħڤ籾ȷһ꣬Ǹܵĥ
Ǿϣϣϣ
ңһ걾ʱЩ˿͸Ȼǻᱻȡ꣬Ȼʼ޾ĥġ
һ룬׺Ȼ䷢֣⡮޼Ȼǲ˵
߻Ƿһ˵תħ½ֻǲĥҲҪһƤˣңиĿǱɱĻҷ
˲еĹؼҲΪʥ֮νӶЩ죬ĵλ߻ġ
뷨˲֮׿ػ۾һۣҰλֵܲһ£İתĸռ磬Ǹĸ˵ϡ
˵ţĹһۡ
ʱĹѾ׼óһ侧ʯͷǼ䳡
Ǹ棬һʮҸܰĻ棬ûʲô춯صҲûʲô˸жȡ
ľ˵ʦ᲻᲻ͬأ
ʲôôĴ㣬ʦһͬġ
ҪʦĲͬأ
ҾʦɽŹţһֱͬΪֹ
ǻܰɣĥԼһ۵ġ
һҪýȢ

ܼ̣ĹΪ̵һˡ
֮УǸŮӣһּϤĸо嵭Ļɫȹٵ㷢ϣһ̵ıôۡ
ԴĽֿɰԼ˼ôġ
棬ػ۾͵͵һȻɫҰһƬ


301 ľΪĹ
ĹֺͷƶĻ֮Уףȴһ۾͸оػ۾쳣رǼǸƶʱ򣬺Ȼɫת䣬Ҳһľ㵡
£ôˣ٣ػ۾ıڿƶֻ׶༪ˡ
һΪػ۾֪Էȥ˽𣬺һƶԣ˵ǾǷƶԼһֲɹĶǡ
˲ֻ㣬Ǻʵ˲٣Ϊֻ̨֪ԼֻҲŪô¡
ػ۾սսģ˿ҲĹע⡣
ȻĹʵԵĺػ۾̫࣬Ͼ߼;żڤֲۣ࣬رġ
ĹȻɫҲ͵һʱػ۾ҷƶôˣʵ
Ĺһȣŵػ۾͵һɫǲ԰˼֡
ۼɫҲÿػ۾нп಻ѾͷΪԸɥʧȥֻأֻ̨´ֻ̨ĹΪķľ˱䵽޵֮УԳм尾
ɫ࣬ػ۾һ̽ɫ֮ΪǸŮܼ尾ӣǰЦƺĿˣ㲻ֻ̨Ҫˡ
λˡϣƽľ£ȷʵСȥģһжǰչء
ػ۾ʵʮֵҲΣΪô꣬ôĵģǵһΣʲôԹԣΪʥǿߵǰκεԹ޵̬׵ıԷ׽
ţҴʵ˵ֻҪΪ֮ұ֤Ǩŭ㡣
׳˵Ĺļ
ĹȻŭҲŬƽϢԼŭվ׵ԡ
ᣬȴȻվ׵ļϣĬĬĿһеķ
ǰһĻ׵Ŀвٴε΢Щת䡣
ȻԸȥϣҲòϣΪʥ׵Щ𾴡
ǵģǿߵ𾴣һ߷ڵǿߵ𾴣
ײ֪̬ת䣬ֻǽŵ£ôͷβʵطŸǿΪ£ҺȻ˵Ȥȫ˽⣬ҵȻ޷㣬ȷʵЩ˼
˵ţػ۾
ػ۾ȻûκʵܺˣٲôΪѡ
ػ۾룬´ԼǣУôõ壬ǲ漰ڵ飬ǿ㣬ԳԽʥľˡ
ҪǴﵽľ磬ֻ̨һˣҪҸأ
뷨ػ۾Ҳֻ򵥵һ£ΪֻҪԷ⣬Щ뷨ͻᶼʥУûа취εġ
ػ۾һۣƺû쳣ʱиǰ˲٣ĵʥعȻǿ㣬ҶԴûмӣ˽
뵽䣬ףػ۾Ҳ˼ֵκ𾴡
룬ػ۾ҲΪ²ȥȡһö΢Ͱ쾵
ö쾵˵һö̫Ծӣھӳ֮ػ۾Ϊ˽һĳֳǣ۳һξѪȻ۳˷ƶģС
㣬öӺȻķ˳ȥǰȻܻһƬա
Ƭգеĳ̶ȣ׶ãƺɽһ
ΪƶģǴӵ̸ʱʼˣḶ́ҲǴ̸￪ʼȻ졣
ľ˵ʦ᲻᲻ͬأ
ʲôôĴ㣬ʦһͬġ
ҪʦĲͬأ
ҾʦɽŹţһֱͬΪֹ
ǻܰɣĥԼһ۵ġ
һҪýȢ
ľãģʦҺܺãǲΪġ
ţôƶģҾίġ
˵ţʱɹʱǰȻӭˡ
ˣǺۺ⪡Լ⪵³ǧѩ
˿̣ۺ⪣ȻǾżɵۣǧѩˣȴͬǰ˼ɵۡ
ƺûĹͷƶˣ˲һĹߴ˹ȥ
ʱ򣬺ߵǧѩüͷһ壬Ȼ˵۱£Ůӣƺ֮壬ֻҪϼƷϵķܽƵ֮УƵľųɵĳɹʣ
Ҫ֪ڷ棬Ʒɽ缸ûʲôˣΪƷɹ̫ͣһҪµģǳֺõġ
ҳɱĸ̶߰ȣҲģ󣬲ʮ־˵ġ
һųԵɵ飬Ǹö
΢΢һ٣ãȥɣȥ
˵ţ˶ʱ˲ٴεĳĹͷƶߡ
ȻһΣ˾Եڽӡ
ۼûۿһۣΪ˿̣ĹʵȻһɾ磬ʵȷʵ̫
һɾɾҲֻбɱķݣοԵľżɵۣ
ںУĹǲֵġ
˳ֵʱ򣬷ƶȻҲϳˣǺۺ˼ɵ۳ǧѩ
ϾһЩɽĶȻͬһСɣ֪ġ
ǧѩҲӣԽݣƶ߰ɡ
ⷬһɱƶУͬʱǧѩʶߣֻҪһ£ǿܻΪ֮ǧѩʵɱߵκˣţ
˿̣Ĺɵɵվһߣ֪˭
ϾĹϵˣҲʮ꣬ں۵˵ͷȻ˵ȴ
ⷬȻǳ쾵ϵģ׺ʹ˿̵ĹƺһڣĹŭĳȥͼȳƶ
ֻǣʱ쾵Ȼ䷢һ۵ĹâȻֹĹĲ
ĹʱҲ׵ֻ쾵ĻطŹȥѣѾģ޷ġ
Թ۵ĹԼػ۾ˣȴ׵ĸܵʱÿ˵Ҳܵǵʶκݡ
Ҳ˵ǵʱһĻ쾵£ûκܵĳ׵ǰ
ʱĹĹаľ
ľŷƶȻоһɱʹ࣬ǺȻϢʹࡣ
ʱ򣬷ƶĿ˰ľһϵıʱ䵭
ľ㻹棬ллôһֱңô꣬Դӳ粻֮Ѿûˣڣҵĳˣľһõж㲻Ŀеĳ硣
ľ߰ɣԺƶУֻҵĳ磬Զˡ
ƶ˵ĺܵУȴѪ
֪ľ󣬲ûпɽһ֪Լˣôһᱻۺɱ
Ϊ˰ľȥƶ˵˾Ļ
һʻ꣬һסˣȻֲ԰׵ɫ޾ĳ׵˵ǰ
һת䣬Թ۵׺ػ۾þ
ͬʱһȫļ̬̫ת̫죬һʱ޷ܣľһ𣬺ȻһѪ
ۡ
ѪɢľվգŵĵģƶҿԸܵôĵİң
ɵˣߣܶʱָоֻΪҽ㵱ҵĳѣ
˵ţƶεĿ˳һۡ
ʱ򣬳ҲȷʵЩĶҲΪ˵ĸ飬΢΢Щ˲ƳڷƶǰһѱŷƶɫȻĵ߰ɣƶûлһˡ
仰˼ǧѩͺۺ⪶֪ǾǣƶϾҪƶ
ڰľУ仰˼ǾǣƶֻϲԶϲľˡ


302 ԭƶ
ĹĬĬվգЩʣʱǧѩѾЩͷˣһСӣĪҪ֪ôϽ
˵һѿռ֮ռһŤľʱ㱻ǧѩ˲Զ
ǸɲǣԭȻİľȻ俴ƶ֮ʹ
ôһ˫񰡣ʹ࣬Լ޾˾ۼһ
һ˲䣬ľˣǱǧѩ˲֮ߺ΢΢һ£ȫ׵һеİľȻԭ
ǣȵԭصʱѾһˡ
ľһ㣬Ȼ΢΢һ£ȻƶѶ
ǣƶûٻػֻǼ򵥵Ļһ䣺ľȻ㶼֪ˣӦңû㹻ʵҪΪұ±ӣǻһģǵģǿֵļ䣬ԶὫ
ľӦңúõĻȥȻҾҲԭ㣡

һĻдܴȻĹֻǼ򵥵ĺ˵ͷƶĹȥȻ״ûо»ǺͨһοһĻָдȻô
ͨСҲҵİ飬ǵԼˡ
Ȼ䣬ЦˣľԺ󣬻õġ
Ĺж˿ˮݺݵĵ˵ͷᣬһģܻصɽ磬һҪµȫɱ
ĹѾɱ˺ֺۣޣȴǣ˺µˡ
ɵۣǣĻߡ
׵˵Ĺһ漴ҧĺã
׵ıϣⲻƺЩر˸УңΪһŮˣⲻ˶ЩĶ̣ḻ
׵ıϣᵱĿ޵ֻΪѪͳµû۳ɾѡ
˿̣ػ۾ҲһƬ̾Ϊ£ҲʮϲŮӣұǰתڱǱһҺܺõҵģֻǡǿȥ֪
׵ٿʱ򣬰ľѾĹģһԼȡˡĹţԼµٶȣһɾʵϵɱ¾Щĸ֣ʵ͵ģ˾ģʵߵģоżɾĸ֡
һۺ³졢ԡǧѩ˼ɵۣϳΪ󷨣ۼȫݸۡ
ۣ֮УʼֻʹõƵķƶʵƶһȻԱˡ
Ȼ̺ܿ죬ԱḶ́ȴǱ˲ֹˣΪˣܵɣ˿Ѫ
˷ŭ֮£Ȼ֣ƶɱķǡ
Ȼˣƶˣ겢ûб˽ڤֻ̨
Ȼ־ᶨΪˣûӦڤĿĹʦţֻֻת
ΪЩƣ첻ȫĨȥ䣬Ȼ޸ֻת
ƶվֻ̨ʱػ۾Ϊڰ꣬Ե˵һЩǷƶϴӦˣȴֻصʱ򣬺ȻԸĨȥ䡣
ڵʱһŽһֻ߽֮УǹĴֻأֻ̨
£ػ۾ʱҲջѣȴҲûΪѷƶǿʼĹԼ
һ㣬õĳͷǽ޵ĳͷĥ
׺Ĺ޻˵ȷʵػ۾ԣһУǷƶԼɵģִֻйء
ѵõģĹûзŭֻĬĬĿ쾵֮еֻ̨
ƶĨȥ˼䣬ȻǿƵѹŽͨԨ
Ȼ޵֮Уƶ۹һʮӴ˹֮УΪС㡣
Ժȵ˼使ߵëΪӴʮֵ԰
һĻײɿЦΪƶת֮ˣȻıԼ˺˹
ʱҲȫˣԭԭԼУѹԼ޷¡
ȷʵ˵Σԭ޵£Ȼת䣬ȷʵ
Ȼ䣬׾ЩԲĹˣ٣Լʱ򣬼Ͳɱ˹
Ϊ˹ë˹ȴ׵ĽԼεļסˡ
Ѿ֪潫ʲôˡ
Ȼһɲǣ˹ѾɳΪһŮˣһںߵСͱ¥ĳҲǰ
׵ģڷػ۾ԼĹǰʱ׿ЦɵˣĹ㶵վ
Ȼ䣬ĹЦ磬ҳȥ棬뵽ƶתǴû뵽쾵Ҹʶķƶ
ػ۾ҲǿЦĵ׵ʱǺϲѾͷģǹزܲհ죬˵ĳӦһǽͷƶȻ󱻹үᣬŪȻū
⻰û˵꣬Ĺһػ۾Цȴת˹壬Ѿõˡ
ĹĿº˲٣ȻԸϣػ۾˵ҲϣԼҪǨŭĹ֪ػ۾ǸԼӣǲȻֵֻõԼ㷢ʩǳ⡣
˵ͷĹ£۾ģľֻим۾ķݣȻỳġ
Ĺ˵ˣػ۾˿ˣػҲ˿鲻ð죬ôĸٶȴǡһѾ

ӣҲۣû뵽ʵ˺öࡣ
֮У˹Ż泤ۣתţ֮˿ϡ
ʿһЦ˹С㣬㻹һɿ죬ҿٹһ꣬ѧԺõŵĹâˡ
绹ô˵
˹Աߵһλɫʿս׵Ů΢΢Цţ˵
ӣ˾ǾĸôҿҲôѽƭӰɣ
˹˿֪Ϊǵ˵
ɫ΢΢˼ֵ˹Ҵ磬㲻ҪҴʵ˵ãʲôƭӣ
һº͵ĿƺЩŭ˹ͷһ˼ģȴЩޡ

Ϊ˿Ҳɵһֵۣı飬׺ܡ
ľ׺Ĺ˿̲ɾǴŵЦݣǿһԴɰŮһĹ֪ʱףзء
һĻ棬ȻһɫĲ֪̳ɵĿ·ˡ
ϣֻ˹ɫħۣӽС磬͹£ɰֻǴ˿ŶֵĲ׵ǰ
ֻ˫һһĺ˹У˹һһɾ⡣

ȣȻᣬȴСＸ˵ϡ
һһĲ㵹ڵϣڵħԪرȽŨ񣬼תŬվˡ
˹֮£ʱִŭٿףѾԶԶǰ档
ļ񣬼Ϊ˿Ͳһˣ۸ңҪÿ
˹ʮַŭͨ죬ֻ뵽׺ȻһĿ⣬ͷһɾ⡣
ߣŹģ񣡡
˹Ŭѹ¿־壬Ϊʮֵķŭ˫Եмͨ졣
һĻ׿ЦĹȴüͷƶôˣ磬ҲѹʵϵʱҲ֪ңƶҲȷʵ̫ˡ
Ĺ˵Ҳȷʵ̹˼֣ȷʵʱԼҲ֪˹Ƿƶת㵹ҲΪ
Ļתȴǳһ档
Ļתȴǳһ档
֮УʮֵķŭɫҲʮֵߣѪˣ״֮
վס
׺Ȼ˵кȻ


303 Ѱ
˹һŮͬĴһɫħۣ΢΢һʾĵ׵š
Ϊʲô˹˵ţȴЩ
Ŀһһ죬ʱ˹оһɾ޴岻׷ȥ
˹󺧣ɫҲǴ󾪣ȴͽ͡
˲䣬һֻ֣ͬȻס۵Ĳӡ
׵˹ĲӣڿУĿ
˹˫ţӱסһ죬˫ĿǾֵͻ
ױĮȻһŮѾŵɵˣ˹ŵʱ򣬶Ҳ𽥵û
˹ӴĹͷꡱһƺҪһ㣬ʹɫʱס
ʱ˹˫ԭ鶯͸¶ǵĿ־ĸоôǿҵĳġ
ȻãԭԼôĽ
һʹൽϢĸоǱ֣Ѿ׵˺ĵĸ߰Ͳһ
һֱɶΪ˲˹ʱ򣬺ȻЩƺ׵ԭԼ֮ǰһУȻô֪ɡ
Ҫˣ˵ʲôѾá
ɢնǰľ𽥵ģ˫֮Уʱӿ峺ˮ
ԵĿ־壬ڱѹ֮󣬻˾Եľԭ֮ǰĸо˵ġ
ԭ׼ټһŮӵĲӣšϣʱĿڶԷ˫֮еʱǱ˾ʹ׵ģһĴһĸоʱ
ԷаеϲԼλ˾ԼֻΪԼĲǣСŮ޶ѣɱֻ֣ǲҪԼ
浽ÿʵᵽɤۣʵϣ˹ǿɱ׵ʱĹҲЩˣĽ֣ѾϵԼҲɱŮˣοǱԼҪѪĴ磡
ǣ˹Ȼֵ񣬲һùۿĹٴεһĲ
֮˹ûҲ
֮׼װƭȡ˹Ȼ㲻׵ľͷ˹ĬĬغ׵ĵǰĹ̡
֮Ḷ́һֱ˹׵ĵǰػһ
ȻһĻ˹Ȼػһꡣ
һ꣬˹ʵҲѾﵽ½۷ǿߵľ磬ﵽǸʥףˮϵͷϵħʥħ˾磬һ֮ң
᲻и̾ŮӣǰǳŮӰŮӣô÷أ
ʮβﾫѪҪȥˣΪԼˡ
ףҲǸ˰
Ĺ֪̾ǲ˹ģʱԭзģֺȻûзˡ
ףȴŮӣͶ룬ҲǿЦ
ػ۾ʲôǰĶûУֻ飿
׺ȻʵЩܹǰļĶ׻ġ
ĶҲʮģԭֻй̶ʮţһһţڱ֮ʥҪ
ΪĶҪʥʵϣһҪֻطֻذֻ飬Ȼʮġ
ǣ׵ǰػ۾ʲô˵ײֻ飬Ҳʹһųȥ˿ˣǲء
ˣػ۾ʼһֱܵľ⣬аĵ
˵꣬ػ۾УУȻУд⣬ٷƶСܽˣֻ޵ֻҪ뿪ȴǲˣֻܿųΪ֮󣬽硣
ǵʱ򣬽磬ȴǽ˹ʥֻˡ
΢΢Щ㵹صģҲҪӣЩƷĲϣΪһöԽãȻƷԽߡ
Ϊػ۾ҲһС˹ء
״˿̵ݣ˵ȷʵûд磬ʵ䡣
ػ۾һϲˣʹˡ
ػ۾ˣĹҲܸ˵ģ֪һƶ˹ȻԼĴ磬ǶԼҲĻԼٺúõŷƶȻһоͻᡭ
ػ۾ڤ۵ʵܿҵ˴ĺܲĲϡ
Ҳֱӵһʱսļٷ򣬽ʱǧ򱶣Ƭ̼䣬׾Ƴʥ
ȻƷʥѾ˵ˡ
ͬռʥػ۾˵ʱ򣬽һöһʮƯĽָʵʵ͸Ĺ
һöָȻΪĹƵģһ㣬ػ۾Ҳ׵ġ
ʵôϣ˾һƷҲֻôˣܵõһöƷʥػ۾Ѿûʲô˵ˣ˼Ǹˡ
һеķᣬĿٴεһ¡
ľĽָ͵Ǹõļ񣬻ж֮ǰ飬ܱǸ
׳Ͽҵ˵
磬ʲôûκĵطڣҸøл㣬㣬ƶҲҪٴεֻˣ㣬Ҳôľҵƶ㡭
ˣ˵ô˸жʲô
ЦĹļһоڲС
Ĺ˽ָȻȡǿֻ飬˿ػ۾һ۵۾ǲ˼ˡ
Ǻǣ˵ĻС϶С϶ĸС϶Ұ
ػ۾Ҳ൱Ŀ׺ĹһЦ
ţػ۾ڤ磬޻ǵˮɽׯһ½졢ңˮˣҲʵӦһ¡
˵
ػ۾ȴûа⣬صĵ˷ģңˮѣС϶֪ģСһעǵİΣһ£С϶Թۡ
׵˵ͷ˼˽ᣬҽľǰ޵Ǿʹ˱
ػ۾ˣߺã´ڤ磬С϶Ȼӭ֮
׵˵ͷҲܻػ۾Ĺľ׼ãҪʹ÷ˡ
Ĺݺݵĵ˵ͷŬĿ׵ߡ
Ͼռ䴩Խʱս飬֮΢ע⣬Ȼ⡣
һʮ֮УԾ־Ŵ飬˾
һ۵Ĺâ࣬Ĺͷᶼ˽ȥػ۾һĿ𾴵Ŀţо˸֮Ա
ɫĹâ漴ʧˣף˿ȴǴףѾվ½Ϸա
ħ似磬׵ļ䣬ν̡
ν޵ԼҲʮĽ
Ҳһɱĸ顣
ľˣȻҲͷƶһͬǰ磬ҷƶʱýʥĻȷʵΣա
ҲҪǰ磬ƶ֮󣬺һ磬ҲиӦ
˵˿뵽ĵĲݡ
ҪõⶫҪ磬һҪǰ˴ʥĺģʱֻЩʥ򣬻Լȥأ
ĹʵȻҲ߼磬ʥ֮Уоż۵ģĹʵǺܲġ
ĹҲ֪״󲿷ֶΪҲʮֵĸмֻȻʲôû˵ж׵ֵ飬ȴǸŨˡ
վ½գȻһʥʶ͸Ӧ˹ڡ
˿̵˹һǳɫķϵħۣųķϣȴƺʮһ㣬һɱµķ顣
˿̣Ȼ׵ĵԱ߳˼ڤ룬ߵԪأŨ𾪡
һʥʶֱ쳹˹С
˹Ȼ㻹ǵң۹Ͽյհɡ
˹ڤ룬ȻŵĻʱһƺЩţƺȫЩϲ


304 ճɡ
ĳǲõĸӦ˹һԼȻԼӳһϵħ綯죬ʱ˱ȻһԷϵȻհȥ
Ƭֻ̣ӳһ󷨣˹棬ʱ׵Ӱ͹˹ǰ
ף˹ϲӣĹʱ׷֣壬ȻҲһ
һϤĸоȻУʹĸоȻôǿҡ
׺ĸ飬ȻЩģˡ
ǵģݸ飬ûзƫƫҲ̹ġ
΢΢һЦû˵ʲôĹڿ˹Ҳ˲û˵
ʵ棬Щεģû˵ʲô
ĹһۣȻ˹ߣĿᣬ˹ȻЩʴӡ
һֻ飬ǰԶǵǰ
Ĺ˵ţȻݳ˽ɫֻ顣
ֻɢŵĽɫĹΣƺһĿռתҺ壬ҲǽɫģʱƺЩۡ
˹ֲţֻȥȻ䣬΢΢һȻҲԣ
˵꣬Ŀ㲵Ŀ׵ף˼ô
ʱĹͬʱЩܡ
Ŀһݣ˹㲻ҪƭԼ֮ģǲаһֽĶֻΪû룬Ŀ̹ǣʵϣΪҵ̫𶯣ԸģھΣ
񣬵һۼҵʱȻǿԼʵϣ֮Ȼ֣ǷΪҵĸ飬ĳҡ
Ϊʥ֮£ٴεһȻ˵ⷬ˹Լҿ϶Ļ
ǣɣ仰ģеġ
Ĺ˿˹ƺҲЩһ
˵Ķԣǣô꣬ҷ֡
ҵʱΪ綺˼ֻ飬ôһеһУͻˡ
ͷβҲֻǵöѣҲ˶ѡ
ֱӴ˹ĻҽѾ˵ˡ
죬ʹ˹ֻ飬Ҳǿԣ£˹ƽĿһۣȻ󡭡
ۼ˹ֻ飬Ĺףڷᣬ˿
׵ȻЦЦĹľˡ
ĹһŵЦݣģֻҪƶˣһоͼˡ
˹ɢŵĽ⣬ͬʱƺڿٵľǰһС
ǰļ䣬ͽļ䣬ȫںһʱ˹¡
ǵģʱ򣬷ƶˡ
˵ƶѾ嵽˹С
ľ
ƶ
ˣڽӵһ𣬿Ц˵ߵ໥ߣôĶˡ
һ̣οЦˣᣬֿʼ˸еˡ
ⲻˣ׺Ȼ뵽ǰһֱϲ翴Ӿãôȥˣ֪ǰãôأ
޷ʥʶʱԼĽǬ磬ŬţΪ׿ӪĽǬ磬°빦˵ʱʮ־ˡ
ײ뽫͵ǿ󣬵Ҳϣصִ֮ڰеػԼĺ

ľô꣬ˣֻǷƶһ㣬ϲ״硪
˹˵Ƿƶѹ˵Ϊһ㣬ñ˰ľ
ƶһУҶ֪ˣûµģ״磬ǰľĴ磬ϲ飬ûµģľûйֹ㡣
ľ磬ô죬ֻЩ񶼲ŹҵģҲֿˡ
ƶģʮԹ۵ģ֪𣬴ʵﵽʥˣʥ˽磬޵еģ

ƶ𾪵ӣȻʮֵ崿ɰȻ˹ļ䣬ȲϹȥɵļ̡
ȷʵɵľ磬ʱ꣬˹һʥħҲֻһһ㣬Ȼɵļ䣬϶ռ˰ٷ֮ʮţͬģĹİͶ׵ϲ˲ͱ˿
׶ķչ⣬ȥΡ
˹˿̵ľ磬΢΢˴ӻӵ֮зֿŵãʵͼĴɣȻʱҴȥ
˵˹ߺ죬ȴҸĿĹļϡ
ܣȷʵĽ
ʱĹҲȻ򣬵óƷʥָ͸˹
˹ٴǺ죬ȴûоܾöָȻĹõ׿ϣ˹ȡָĴⷽ
ʱ˹ŷ֣Լ͸ľľ磬һѯ֮󣬵֪ĹȻﵽ߼ľʱ˹Ȼˡ
ΪΪľƴһֲľ硣
Ĺ޴ӽֻͣڨڨЦЦ
Ҳƣ÷ƶأȥж
ʵĹĸҲǳģȷʵҲΪ˹˵ȷʵΪ˷ƶˣǷƶᣬҲûʲô
⣬ֻһƭ

˹ȡ˿ռָ֮׵һżƷԪĻ£˹ܷˡ
磬˹ָ˼䣬ȻٴεĿʼʦŵĹˡ
ȡ˼ƷԪ˹Ĺ֪֮ҲҪʱ䣬Ҳûгɣ֪ͨ˹һ֮׼չسˡ
Ĵ½˾ģһϢ֮˹½۹䶯ˡ
׺Ĺûв뵽˹ļ˹֮УΪϾǷƶ飬Ҫ̳ɳ·ҲЩ鷳
ºܿȥˡ
˹һ죬½ȫĺ䶯ˣ۹۹ν˿Ҳˡ
Ⱥ˳ӿɼɫԴ
˵ǵϣϣǺһ㣬浱ֶֺ
׺ĹһУھ̾ʱҲò̾磬̫ʹˡ
ӳļѿԿңһ㱻ƶûһǴ֮ͽ
ҲЦˣĵԼȥˣֻҲܿˣԼɱˣҲٰ
֮ˣȷʵпɺ֮
ֻأǲ٣֮䣬ȷʵǣܹ㡣
׸̾ʱһɫĹâѾȻɫĹâܣ߲ʵĲʹ⣬ʥϢȻǽ⡣
£˶ʼϵģҲ׾̾
Ĺƽ׵ȻⲻȴȻЩм
˵ˣԼϻߵʱڤǿ߾ǰݣǲŽ׳ۣ
ôʱ뵽Ѫͳûߵĵλ᲻ٴ˫۰
ףԽܵĺ֮ˣ㣬ȴҲ̫ܡ
ʱ򣬶ʱ͸оԼȻˡ
ʱ״Ĺ˲߲⣬Ȼ˹ֱӵķȥ
׷ĹˣΣȻ޷֣˹ʱʼʽĳΪһ˵ʱҲ˹
˹ʧշƶ֣ʽ˳
ģҲΪĸ죬ʹָԭģ
߲Ĺ֮У磬Ѿ֪Ůӣɽһˣ׼ŰٰĿ̵Ⱥš
ǣǲ֪ǲֻãֵĻǻԲ˶ߵġ

⴩͸أʵҲһֿٿռͨѣ֮ͨУ˼㡣
һ㣬ײŷ֣ԭⶫҲھһĶѡ
ֻΪʹô򣬲ʹÿ˿ռ䴫͡
󣬶Լϵʮ飬ҲӵĿˡ


305 硤Ĺȥ
⴩͸غһ̣˱ķǳء
״̬ȻޱȣеҪ١
һ㣬֪ģĹ˲֪
һ󣬻ûʱǿ壬ʱ׶С
壬ǳܵģǷᣬûдﵽ㾳磬ǿе塣
׵ľѪ㶫Ǽ򵥵ĳġ
壬׶ԣһ㣬Ĺԣֻһ͹ȥˡ
ǣڷƶԣǿһʹĥˡ

һҺƶʱоͬҪ˺һʹ࣬ʱڷǳԱػżʱ˹ʹ㽫ƶ¡
ףôĸֻһ𣿡
ĸĸʲôȫµˡ
Ҳԣ
ģһ㣬ǱʮԹӻ˵ȻȴһĸСѾ˽⣬ΪһҶ߰ɣ
ۼػ֮˶żĹͲоһĵ磬Ȼ񼶸֣ȷʵͬСɰ
׶ʱ΢΢һЦۣʵ㡣
˵䣬һƣ֮ǰ˿û壬ʱҲ֪ǰ˲ס
ǣΪػؽ죬żȻʵʥ򲢲ǿ󣬵ҲѾˣԼΪ۰£ʲôη壡
ӵһ磬ʵǿжǿ
һ룬ҲȻһЦ¹
һ˵˾ȫ֣˿ûй˼Լżݡ
ЦĵȻ¶צ
Ҳֻ֣˫Ŀһɽ͸
ݡ
ۡ
˲䣬׵ʱֱӽ˲ɱ
ĹûгԾƶʱˣʵǿ
ᣬȴǶ̸Цɱ˲գ۵̬𾪣ȻĺֶΣ嵽ˡ
һԱߵߵĺ
췴ˣɱˡ
һʱ䣬ǳضʱˣͬʱѶϢȻҲ˲Ľ˹۵С
һܸ߰ˣҲһˣһ˲䣬ɱλż֮ˣ̫Ծֻ˵Էӵ۵ʵǶԷм˵ۣʵ㣡Ļʱ򣬹۾ͳˡ
ȱĸ֣ڲϵ׳ԼʵʱҲһֱıǿĶ֡
͸Ӱʯ֮ǰһĻȫĿУԭ׼ǸŮ˹ѾȫʧȥȤ
ɵĻңǹȴûгȥ֡
ֱһԶԶ뿪֮󣬹˿ȻװģĴӹʥʥ˳ʼѵһȺµۡ

ĹƶʥΧʱ򣬿ޱȵ磬ײҲ̾Ȼһ֮أ
Ȼ˴ʥ֮УһҲռķķ֮䣬ȴôŽᡣ
ķʥǣԵģȴȽϵŽᡣ
ʥ֮⣬֮أ֮Χȴ׵һʥأһ
Щ׵ĸоӣʥأоģʱԼҲⲻҪȥɱһȡģֻ磬ҲΪԼˡ
ĹΣգҲĺһˡ
Ĺ֪漴Ҳǿ
ľҲһֹǿĹȻֻ߼磬ǿűһƷսսѥƷһһۣҲĶֻ֣ҪСһ㣬ûʲô̫Ĺϵ
ңƶƷʥҴ̶ȳٷ֮ʮǿҲ˲ɱһż۵ģʱҲﵽһһռޱȣȫڽָ֮ӺͿޡ
ֻҪõҪı˿͸
װƶӦ֮룬״Уһɽɽͷһʮָӵ󷨷ӡȻ󷨽뷽
Ǭ󷨣Ǹ֮󷨣Ǭ֣羰أռɽΧԲʮѾ㹻Ĺɽˮˡ
ĵ磬ĹͷƶҲһ꣬ײ֪ԴֺȷʵǸˣΨһĵǣҲʧˡ
ˣǺĹˡ
תĿĹͷƶڲ֮׿˼ϵķһۣȻһµĸо
£ֽǹһˣָоǰδеɡ
ʦ죬ʦңˮճɾ
ĹͷƶҲͬģճɾ
ԼأҲ˰ɡ
ʥأ飬֮ģ
򣬲޻ݡ
֣ԼҪȡõĶǣȡһ
Ȼνĸ鷳Լ׻ǾȡĵĲݣȻٳɱʥأȡþģΪȡģƱҪʥȫһս޾ƹܵ٣Ӱ죬ν
֮˿ҲԽľãԼ˵Ŀڽˡ

һ̣׳˰˴ʥǵĺĵ
ʱ򣬸̤һǰĽƣǽ׷ĵһ
ȻֵĽƣײɺǾȡ
Ҫ֪ʵڶﵽʥ˽۷ˣ
ʲô磬ʥľ磡ľ磬ȻǰƷĵһ
Ȼûз֮µĽҲѾ˲Сˣ
׵һʱ򣬺ѵõģ˷ʥǵĸǣȻ䶼˲Ƶĳ׵ǰ
Χһ㣬Χ֮ǰ
ʥһۡۡսۡˣվ׵󷽡
һԪۡۡۡѪˣҲһĶס
ߣˣȻĵӣĴµĽҲҴʵǲ֪ôдģ
ʱ򣬻Ԫɫ˵ȴɱȻ
һȺˣֻҲûʲôˡͬЦ

Ԫ۴ŭۣȴĬĬĲ˵ƺԵú࣬ʵϣôֻԼ֪
˿Уϵţĵְ֣ŭˣٺ٣Ԫ۵ĵ۹ͻᱻƽˣ
Ȼ룬ǹȻûбֳϵͬƣνǽһ㰡
ԪۺȻˣеķһзƷʥ
ҿӣԪۣĳ̶ȣڴﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮ
ѹţԭмƷʥĿˣҾʹȱѵ㣡
ƿֲͬɥһķȻɢһɼ֮⣬˲䣬Ҫɱ
㶾ֶΣҲЩŭˡ
ȴû֣ϾһһһǱʥһ̫㡣
ңԼģ׾ƵˣƺĲ򵥣ԼʱҪȥҶҲϾɱ
һסǼ֮⣬ںĿУ֮⡣
ȻǼӣȻ䵹˳ȥǻԪ۵ĴϵѾȫıĨȥ
ԪһһھѪɫһ˲ҰһƬ
ۣɫȻæԪػ
ллǰ顣
ԪȻǷŭޣǶԷʵ̫ǿûκλ֮ңԷȷʵˡ
׵Ȼұʥʵǲ׶ǳ֣ģҪҪ죡
ǲԽǨŭǣִԲ򣬺ߣҲ顣
ʥ
һȺ˶ʱɵˡ
˵ǿôһ㣬Щ˶зͬľģԳԼʥʱ˶ɵˣĬˡ
ײʥͷϣѾˡ
ϾǴҲǵϾУʥˣҲ㲻ʲôοһȺۣ
ʥУ۾ͺñһ㣬ǻԪۣҲڱȽǿ׳һ϶ѡ
ʱ򣬻ԪʲôԹ޵ģЦѡ
ԭʥˣ֮ǰе˺
˵ţԪ۵
ʱߴ۶ʱҲһ
ȷʵϸһ룬֮⣬һƳɥƷʥһײల£⣬ȷʵֻʥ
ңҪǣΪ۷״̬ʵĻԪۣԼƷʥ˲䱻ԷĨȥ˴ϵֶΣֻ¾ʥѰ쵽
ǿ̫ǿˣ
Ԫ㣬жʱҲɰŭĵ۹ȻĲǶӡ
ԭʱ򣬹۾͹˵һЩ˵Ļ˲ʹûԪһŭ塣
׶µ֪һȺ˳Ϸ֮ŵȷʵȽǿ󣬵ҲǲܽȥֻҲ뽫ƵȻֻһ֣򲻵ˣ綼Ҫһһ룬ԣܲȻá
Ԫ˵˵ɡ
֮⣬ʼʱ׷֣طȻͨطȻҲͬ㲻
Ҳˣ׺ȻãûжԪ۵֣Ǻȷһ¡
΢΢̧֣Ƕɡ
ºͣһа˲ŲôԪ۱㹧ˣĵ飬ôһǧڸֻ֮ǰ˵
ʱа˴ʥ򣬵ǶǷ߰ѳֵģʱӵģڣ綼ΪҵĻս


306 
ʵĻԪۣҲǲ֪統ľģڣʱһռ˴ʥģҲ֪
ǣ֪Ķǵõ⴫з֮󣬴Ӵз֮лõġ
зӰ񣬰˼зµӰȫһģһġ
ÿµƹµʥʱ򣬶֪ȥһ״̬
Ȼûʵ磬Ƕڷ֮µģڼ侧ʯĴм䣬Ҳûκ˻ɡ
Ԫ۲ϵĽŵĺͶҲ˵磬ܽ˴ʥʵ
ͬģ˵Ҫþⲻ˵ģҪɱԷԪӤԼȥ
ǿʳߣǱڰ˴ʥ֮
һʥغ֮⣬κεطǱɡ
ǣԼЭָһӵǧĻ͵ʱ䣬ЩѶϢ⴫зƷʥ档
ԪףǲаҲ޷ӹǰ˵㣬ˣԪۺʵĽԼ֪ȫг
Ԫ۵Ļ֮Уȴ׵һ¡
Ǿǣ磬ȻǱֻ֮ҲǣѾӦǻԪۿеǸˡ
һ緢չ硣
ײ΢΢Щˡ
磬ԼδĿԣѾ㵽磬һ磬Ҳ֮ǰƺѾ
磬ּһ֣
ʲô׶ԣҲνˡ
ŻԪۻ˵ţĬĬĵ˵ͷ
Ȱ˴ʥٴεĳֵʱƹ˰˴ʥ֮ľͺȻı仯֮УֻʥˣҲΣա
Ϊһʥ˿һöһĶ˽ȥȴƬ֮Ǳĳ˳Ȼֱƿռˡ
Ԫʵʵ˵ţ֮ǰǸмΪ̫ʵĲ࣬Ҳǰκε
΢΢˵ͷţˣҲģҲֻȥѰҩݾ꣬ʱҲʲôңǾͲҪػˡ
ţȻ˵ǰˣȥ
Ԫ۵˵Ȼݺݵ˹һۣſߵߴۣȻҲûκεˡ
ˣҵСˡ
Ԫ۹˵˵꣬õ׵׿ϣŵ˲뿪
˶ˣٴε˽ǰ
ģ˵ӦǱƵһλռ䡣
ڽķԲ⣬ֻвԲ룬ʵϣԲġ
ԶԶȥһͻأɽһʵϣһƬա
ڿ򵥵Ŀ⣬ֱֻӽ͸㴩͸κζ
ʵϣ֪Եһصġ
ײҴ⣬趨ôطȻΪԼʵܳ
΢΢ӿһʥ״ݶڵʮ飬ȻʮǺ㣬ȵ״̬ﵽȫ״̬׵֣ĴǰĽϡ
Ȼƣģ״̬˵ֳ״̬
ʥ״̬ײûме߽ռ䣬ĬĬĿʼʥ
ʥµ״̬Ϊ״̬״ָ̬ٶȣȻǼġ
ʥ壬İ壬ܺǰĽռϡ
Ĺ֮У׵̬ȫĶҲûоԼʥʵһĻûκεΣա
ͬģҲûΪԼڲΣ֮Уʧҡ
Ĺ֮Уһ˲䣬ʱŵٶȱ㶸Ȼӿ졣
һɲǣʱѾȥꡣ
ײûо˷ʱ䣬Ҳûоã˳ԸĿͷ
ʥ״̬Լʥʶ֮һʱᣬ㱻Ϸһâ
ﲢû뿪׵ļ򣬶ҲûнȡǬڲ硣
ڽǬڲ磬ֻԼİ壬ͬһͬɳģĺ³³
ܣʱҲκ֪
ˣֲԻ̬ڣֻȸСȻ׵ػİȫ
ԣ˲䣬Ḳǻ֮Ž̤˽ȥ
ʵ׵ĸо򣬸һλ档
ǵģһλ棬ǽƲ棬ȴһͨλĿռ֮š
̤˽ȥ֮׶ʱֻоһᣬ˲תͬʱ֮еĳЩƬΣƺ˲١
ЩƬΣȻǹġ
ƬΣ˵׼ģǵʱʵ̫ģ
£̶ȣȻ䣬׾̾ҲףͻȻоһԵľ⡣
Ӵﵽʥľ磬֮󣬻û־⣬ǡ
ƬΣ˵ǳǳԺ֮еģ˵ױѾ׽ֳֻûдﵽʵûдԲŲ
֮Уһذ׵ĳǹŴװΣһʿķš
ߣ˵Ǳػڻеλ嵭׵ŮӣȴǺ˾˵ƣȻⲢˣ˵˺ʣűܵĲͬ
ʱҲûʲôԴ׵Ϊ˵κͶڸļᶨоǣڶ𾴣
һ̬ȣ׵̬ʮֵƽͣҲ̬ǡǡķҪ̬ſԶȡĳƬΣһ֣̺ĳƬΡ
һΪףԱߵļ˵òʮ˵ģʮֵ
֮УģȻǰĿĵ壬ģȴһԭ׺ǰֲϣʮֵݡ
ǵģģһ׵ݵĸо
׸оôˣûһˣһ֮£ôľúĸо
ֻĿЦ㻹˵ã
ֻʱͬЦȴǴһֲȻ
ҲԣȻĹʥػǱ֮·Ȼе·ֱǷܺãܺãĺܺã
Ȼ˵ţȻЦЦӦȻԵᣬҲԵú
˿һ£ģѾû·ʥŮȻ֪һ֮䲻ϵֻأ㽫Զó
ȻһЦ㻹û壬˵ЩŻ˭壬Ѿ壬Ҳ裡ߣ
ȻȻȻЦˣŵЦˡ
ʱһȻˡ
ֻܺȻһȻӿձŤʵ
ʥŮһֱû˵ֻһ˫ӣ
˲䣬ȻһѽʥŮ˳ȥȻǿеĳ˵ķĳ
ۡ
ɼѪĿǰѾȾһѪ
֮У壬Ȼʮ͸Ŀն
նֵһ̣ʮâȻ伤˳ʮֵĴۡ
ܴۣܲҰףʮâȻᴩеĿռ䣬λ棬͸սڵĳ
ǱսʥŮҲ޷ֵʮƣʱ䱻ǹ˫ۣȻ䱻ʥػһ¡
λѣ˺Ȼʧˡ
İ׹ʥŮ֮󣬴壬ԭͣ磬ΪһССӤ
Ӥȴˡ
𣬽֮ʱըһ˻


307 ˭
䣡һɢ׵ʧΡ
ʮ飬Ȼ䳹׵ȫһ֮󣬽˳׵ķӡȻһͬ䡭
ƬΣʱѾȫɢ׵Ժ֮С
ʱҲȫ˺ܶ಻֮ˡ
𣬻˵ˣʵϣҲûȥ
ֻҪʮ黹ڣԶֻǣһʽԼС
ǰģһΪ㱨ģһ죬ܿҪ٣ԣᳬһǧ꣡
ײ֪ûΪ˵ȫǷĵģΪ˱ʲô
ĳ֮˳Լʥʶ׸оԼһζͳɳҲоԼӵĳ˼֡
ߣҲʵٴεı֣ϾѾȵںѶϢⱾҲһֽ
ΧĿռ䣬ڻ谵ޱȣкܶҪĲߡ
ָоͽ̫֮һʮֹ׽
֪ĳأǽĺġǹ׽׾÷ʵϣ
ԣ޻ݣӵŽʥ˵ʥ긴ĸԭȻֻҪʥûʣʣ㣬ôָָش
ΪḶ́Ὣߵͬʱָô˾ֻ걬ըʧ
ҲҪĶơ
޻ΪǿѶϢôȥģײֻ֪֪򣬾Ҫ취ⲻ޻ݸõ֡
ʱҲʼɣһ־ηˣӣĵȷȷǺܱġ
Ϊʵţһͨڤĸ֣ڤɯȴ˵ļʶ
΢΢һЦʶ˺Ƶıз˲١
գ׵ӰϵĴš
״̬£ȫ״̬꣬׵ʥʶϵͷţһεȫĽ׵ʥʥʶ˿ֶĸӦΧڶ޷ʮס
ʥʥʶ谭ʱҲоһЩĲĸоҲ˵ЩڻǣƺĪ˺
׾ĻһöʵĿռƮ
ãûκεһֱƽ
ȻĻӴ󣬵ʶķƮһ죬ɵѰĵ㡣
ȻĵطôȻĳһõ
뷨һҲȫĲˡ
ε֮Уĳһʱ䣬εһӺڰӰռ䡣
оһڽѺĵط
Ȼ䣬˫һݣ۽һ䣬Ǹһ˿Ц⣬ĵҵ˽ˣ
漴΢΢һЦǰգֿʼϵľۼʥȻ治ϵע롣
͡
Ĳϵӿ룬ռ俪ʼʱ׷˲١
ϵĲᣬĿģƫССԴʵˣô֪ž
΢΢һЦһֲĿռ״̬˵ֲұˣҪһӣЩܣ
ԭⲻݣ᳤
оǣᣬǲڲݣһֱܵɣǴͷβҷĵطʱ۾Ȼһ£ʱûκζƾһ㣬Ҳжⲻǲġ
ȻҪľǣҺԼʵԼԳʱȥοǲݣ
ңӻԪۿ˵ǻʥ˽Ȼϼһ嶼ռƻȥˣҲֻ˵⴦ռ䣬Ľռ䡣
ΪȻΣգǲûйҲѪ
׼򵥵ķţӺܶԶжµĵطֻһػѣطڲûĵ
һ˿壬ȷʵֻһְ취Ʋȴ˼ֻвʮַжһС
ţˣܴ鲻ԽĿ뵽֮ǰ˵۾Щȡ
ЦЦǰĴžǳسǽһ棬֮У¶һͬڸ߿յĴһš
ЦעˣӻԪ۵Ļ֮Уѿ棬֮
˵ͷʾȫ⣬׷ġ
֮䣬ԭӦеʮĸңƺһıڻУȴ֪
Ŵˣ״ŷȻֱӵⴰһĹŷ˽ȥ
̣֮вûʲôΣգ֮ս֮Уڴ۵Ĺâ֮иʲôΣգɲǼоһ͸ĵ֫ٺ
ͬʱֶȻģĸоȻǿҵĲȻ֮顣
ȫëȻͬʱͷһ˲亹ð˳
ȻãԼС
ʥľ磬Ȼôĸоײܲ˵𾪣𺳡
Сѣ㲻غ¡
֮УһܿǲɢеĿ־塣
ͬʱŴ۵Ĺâɢռòʱ¶˳
ռ䣬ǵΪǰĺôʵԶĳҲôС
ǣϣſ磬˸ŵɫɫĸɫ׵硣
亹Ҳһˣʱŷ֣սתɵİɫۣѾȫʪ͸ˡ
ţܺãôȷʵʸ
˵ȻºͣҲƽ
ϲŭ֣ܸо˸Լһ׽ůĸо
壬ʥ壬;ʥľ磬ҺܾȣҲܿ㡣
˵
΢΢ǰܸң㵽˭֪ںδ𣿡
ײʥԼʣȻѯ˳ȥ
ƺһ˿Цݣ˵˭ԺȻ֪ڸһ㣬ҲνҾ磬˵ˡ
γƺбҪĸ֣ûоģ˵ԶԶĳԽһ㳢Եľ硣
ţһˣΪִߣĳɾͣѾܲˡ
ԣҲһεĻᣬͬҲǸĻᡣ
ⲻݣһֲˣȥȡֻܴµľ֣ȻȡҪǴô
Ժ֮˵ţʱҪɢ
ЩһЩˡ
һ棬ľ磬оķ棡
ڶ棬𣬾Ȼִߣ
ִߣƺƺֻһ򵥵ĶԷµС䣿ôԷʲôʵ
뵽֮ǰֿ־壬׶ʱȻˣҲֻˣɡ
ԼγɾͣҲνˣȾˣںӡȻͻʥİ֮󣬻˭͸ˮˡ
׳˼ʱ򣬺ӿֻմһʵ̫ɳˣô۸Сѡ
ҲʵǶӣϹ㡪
Զȥһ漴û
ȻȻԳơϹˣʵʵǸĪ⣬ڣԼľдûеõݵ
׺ȻЩŭǿ󣬾ԴԼ
ֻķŭ˲ɢˣԼĿɡ
Ͼûʵõ˲ݣһУԼָԣ
Ͼ˻񣬻ʯµԩħ
뵽Щ׵Ŀٴεıüᶨ
⺣󣬶꺣֣ʱ׵У֪һҪģǴԽ꺣ȻǸˣԼµĵһ顣


308 꺣
꺣׶ԣƲ̫˺ףȴҵġ
ѵõûΣյĸоҲΪˣ׷ӵĽˡ
֮ǰһϵб仯ϵĲᣬ֪ΪڽһɲǼ䣬ױѾȫľôת䣬ȻһɲǣЩѾΪ˹ȥ
ڷУⲻһգ۵⣬׿һգ֮䣬飬Щˡ
Ȳ˵ʥŮ飬һϣҲʾһʲôöҪǣǸ˵Ļһִߡ
ͬģҲˣΪ߻ֻλľ磬ͬӵоϵĵȴ֮֡
ҲΪһ㣬ûоʱ򣬻˵Խλ𾳽ʱ򣬱޾ľˡ
ľ磬ĳɾ·ȫһ壬Ϊס
׿ǰӿĶ꺣ʱӣʱŭޱȵĶ꺣Ӱһʥ
ҪԽ꺣ûѡ
ʥİ巨ԽȻǲʵġ
ܲûʲô۵İ׹ǣûа׹ǣȴûˡ
Ϊȥ˺֮ܶ࣬󣬾伣ûӰ
ʱʥڲǺͽǬռ䣬ֲͬһռ䡣
ʥڲҲֻһռѡ
꺣ϣһĺ죬һƲٵĽƣһɫѪɫںХ
龰мꡣ
ǣʹ޷÷򣬼ʹ޷ð壬ǿʥ걾ȫż״̬ҲȻ塣
һ⣬ֱŶ꺣ϼȥһ˲䣬׶ʱѾ˺ռ䡣
ǣΪǸǿµĿ飬ôף׾Ͳһ˵Σˡ
Ĳĸоûг֣һ㣬ף٣ȥǣǿǰԼ޷ȫȥš
ֻĬĬƴĬĬŶ꺣Ķȥ
յʱȻһ٣жȻһһȫĴ͸顣
ʱĳֹ֪ܿܣ˲䱻ɱ
ˮһεεĴӶͷϵ䣬ŵĺˮ֮С
⾪ľ֮УһɫѪɫӣһֻʱӺˮ֮г˳
͡
Ǻˮռ䣬ʱһŤΣӲûѡ
ûεѪ֮ǿ󣬶⺣ռĿռݣʵ̫ǿ
׵һӰٵ˿һ˲䣬˶Ȼ仯һѪɫĲӰȻɫıϳ
Ľţܲѵ㣡
һѪ΢΢죬һĨ˷ܶȵĹʣʱкȻѪ۳һѪ
ͬһʱ䣬ֻӰһ٣ʱһΪģҲǣ˲䣬жȻĸˡ
˲䱻˰Χһɷĸо𣬻ַƵѪĸоʱ׸оԼʵҪˡ
𡪡
һϵѹڼ˲٣ͬʱӰȻûһΪģ˵ٶȣȴ˼¡
ʱ򣬶꺣ϵԼȴǺȻʧˡ
ͬʱ׸оԷƺҪԼƴˡ
ʥ壡׿һͬ״̬ȻĿ
һǿߣûκεѡ
˹°Ѫִź֮֮ǰԻӣȫĲͬǣƺȫӣƺֶ˲η塣
ָоҲ벻ôˡ
ʱˣѾȫĳֳǿ״̬
ͬʱǸѪɫӰռ˶ĸλ֮󣬾Ȼȫûܣһ˲ϳ˿ֲɱ
꺣ϵף˲ȫۼһɱ֮֮ǿʵײˡ
ǿ̫ǿˣ
ײ֪ΪʲôĽ򣬻˵ǿĴڣǰʥʥֻ¶ûʲôܳΪĶְɣ
ʱȫûѡڣûзʵ
ǣҲʥ״̬Կ񻯺ʥʵֱӻΪǿʥ幥
ȫ귽ĹǶǿҲ״̬ĶԿ
ң״̬ԣﵽȫ״̬Ҳ֪ԼҲﵽ״̬۷״̬
Ϊʥ壬ף˲͸ĵѪɫӰ壬Ƕȫпˡ
ҲǣȫûйĶԷ档
ԷĵѪɫӰʧپۼʱȴǴһɿֲѪɫ׵֮γķһѵѹԵ׳
ͬǼԵ
һߣ˲Ŀ˾״̬󷨣ӡȻ󷨽塣
˲Ӵ֮籩ٴεĻʥ壬ŶԷĵ˹ȥ
ʱҲȫˣԷǿɲǲӰʵʵڵķÿ꣡
ǱһԷ£
Ѿ˵ǿˣЩˡ
һ鶼ȥĶȥˣΪԼķĹ
ס
ȻһκȻʥԷϵʱ򣬶Է΢΢һ٣ʱһ˿졣
о˶ԷȻ˷ˡ
ּ䣬꺣ĩٵˡ
ؼһƬţͬԭ貵ɫûˣ꺣ȫһƬһĺڰ
һɼԷ˶ôǿİ
ְ壬ڶеķͰ
׿Ц󷨷ֽ⣬ͬҲʮֲֿĹģȻըûг֣͸Էİ巨ˡ
꾫״̬ĵ£Ѿ˽ɡ
ԷҲԽԽǿԼȴԽԽһսôս
׻˼ʱ򣬱Ȼ俴Ǿۺеһһ׳Ϻɫ׵磬һͬ
ʱƺԷȲǿ󣬺Ȼٴεĳ֣ߵɫĲںһ塣

һȵһޱǿѪָо׾ǺȻٴεļ˵Ѫһĸоʵ̫ˣ
꣡ǿˣҪޱǿ𳬼ʥںϺ壬ӣ
ʱҲɵȻ䣬׵֮ǰ˿Լ
ɲô屾жôǿʵҲףǻԪ۵˵Ƭ̺ѪȥֻǶûоε֪Ѷˡ
ϾҪ뿪ֱǳ˵һ㡣
һ֪ӿʼ˵˵ʼҲϵŪԼĺǷŭ
ǷŭΣΪ˶ѾߵһԷƵʵ̫ݣˣƴˡ
ȻѾ׵ǿʵˣǻһ㣬Ǿǣ׵ںʮӡǣʵܸһ׺£һĻʮ鳹׵ʧȥɵΪ޷ȡ
һײɽܵģû
ɣǾˣǳΪĻֻ꣬ǧΣֳޣҲǻסġ
ͬҲʹѪ޹һӣףסˣ
̵뷨ʱûзΪ֪һϺɫĺںϵĽ£ԼֻҪҷˡ
䣡
һоȫѪɫĻ
һ˲伸ȫıˣҲܵ˻ԵĴʮ飬ʮ飬ӵеôǿᣡ
˲䣬ٴεĻָ˻
κ˶Ϊ׻ɵľ֮£׺Ȼ䶯ˣ
̫


309 ʹѪ
ŭˣɱһؼʱһֲɫĺ蹵
𡪡
ȫѪڣ˼ȫĽȫȡ˳һ̲׼ɲǣˡ
˵ǸѪɫӣûϵ׻һ̷
ΪѾ־ܡѾڵȴĽˡ
ǣʱЯȫеһ˲佫֮ǰйעںʥ壬ٴεĳˡ
һΣ˵ΪķŭһѾľˡ
ʥ壬ר꣬ͻأ״̬£ѪɫӣȻˡ
䣡һȫ𣬼һ˲䣬ѪɫӺȻסˡ
ǵģ״ֻ̬ҪһƬ̵ͣ٣ױǧεĹᡣ
ȫʥһʥľͷȫ״̬һεȫһ֮ǿֹ֮ǰδУ
ݣ
ķˣ׵ʥ壬Ĵ͸Ѫɫӵ塣
ꡪ
ѪɫӵӰӰȻҡһ£Ȼˡ
ĵѪɫӰںϳΪһǲҲȻС˺ܶࡣ
һѪɫս׵ӣȻվıϣףЦݡ
Цݣ׵ķŭ˲䣬ȫʧΡ
ǿһıɢ޵ĸоô͹죬Ҳô׾ò졣
ǵģЦݣȷʵеģе׸оһйͬʵλãΪʥĸо˵
ܺãףȻǱЦ˵ȻսˣֶΣǺֵ͡
Ѫɫս׵˵ܵ壬ȴһɱԵĸ߰
֪Է˵ûд飬ȷʵԼΪǿһ޷Էķֺ˵Ψһһʤĵطʥȫʱ׸о˶Էôһ¡
ôһµƬ̣ʱȻһ룬̣ȴǿһϣԷʧܡ
ʵϣҲ֪֮ǰһУԼʵӦþʧˣΪԷܳ˲ȫĻԼǣΪĻԼû˲޸ͻǵˣζԼʧܡ
ǿЦЦٶȣȻ޼ǻ֮սʵ̫ˡ
ңսҲ̫ܵˡ
򣬹ȻǽΪĿռ֮Уƺÿһֵޣǿı̬
׺ȻˣһȺĳǿߣΪǲԸʥ˽ʥȿռһֹԼ
ţȫˣҲܲһֿռ䣬Ϊռݣ̫ǿˡ
ипǧȻϿҵĵлǰ顣
˵ȻѾôǿҵԹޣǻЩģҲףʵʹ⣬ҲģԷܲɱԼѾѵˡ
ҲĪҪȻ棬ʵȽǿ󣬵ǰԼ·ȥֻǵȼѹǧֻصԩħ˵ʱ㽫ûκζԿʵ
Ϊ˱鷳ʹĿ飬ⲻݣҪҲܼ򵥣ֱӴܣǵõʹϿɾУ
УΪȽ㣬ҿԸ㣬ĽһֺǿİԽˣкܴռ䡣
ʵֻҪһǱޣκιޱȵǿκε·һܿ·
˺ܺƵ˵
һѪ˿־ˣȻҲôϤĵĺԼ˵
ұ˵еԹޣҲһ˿Σȷʵû㹻ʵԩħ֮ǸӵΣգ
֮ǰǿҲ˵ˣĿ鶼޷ͨδΣգôأ
ϸ˵ԷǽԼǰΪûдɱ⣬֮ǰԼҲûиܵΣգ
Լȥޣ̫飬ôˡ
׵Ͽҵ˵лǰ̵Ϊ䡣
ţҲĪҪ̫ڴ⣬ֻǿɱĻôˣҲֲκˣսս֮սս֮Уûпһ˵
֮ǰҲҿ֣̺ɵĳɵǿ͵ĳߵģܳԼ
֮Ĵʹ̺𽥵ǿ£㲻ģܻܿȥ
ԣԼΪ֮
⣬Ȼвұҵ֡ʹѪ
Ѫ˵仰˶ȻѪޣڲһӰ磬֮Уʧ
ѹʧˣ꺣ٴεƽȻʱľˣֻ֮Уԭ˸˿ȴѾûˡ
ѵõģؼһƬľףս֮УײûдսףΪսױ
£ϵһƷսףѾˡ
׿ЦããأŽƽĺˮҲֻ
ǿʹѪԸԼֻĳɵֹûʹ÷壬˵Լ
Ļ֪ս迪ʼѾˡ
ǿ֮ϣǿߣǿߵ·ϣȷʵԶûյ㡣
ûǿֻиǿԭԼһֱʲôǣ
ɥҲǷϣ׸̾һʵεĴνǿǰǿ󣬴ӼʼԭΪﵽʥ磬ϵ£ѾΨҶģǣֱڣײ֪ԭԼǺСġ
ǿߣܶ඼мڳְˡ
Ҳԣһڸֻسһǿߣһֻһǧ꣬ôǧڸֻأҲܳǧĳ޵ǿߡ
ںޱߵ棬֮ϵλϣǿߣж٣
һλ棬ǧ棬һ֮Ужλ֮⣬кܶǿλ棡
ԭλҲǿģλǰģֻһ򵥵ִߡ
ּʶϵľȻױܳҲײٺøԶǵģԼ˶֮꣬ȣԼΪǿĴˣ
һʱѣԼʵҲ֪ˣңԼҲŸǿǿ·ǰô
΢΢һ׿⿴ƽʵϲƽĿռ䣬ɫЩͳ
ȻΣգƽ֮Уһοʼˡ
ңʹĿ飬ֻǵһأڶؿ飬˶ٴ׻֪
ԣΣӦеˡ
ϵĻָڵ״̬õ״̬Է壬սµһΪϾޣֻһƷսף˶ѡ
һд׵֮׸оԼ꾳絹Ǿ˲٣״̬Ҳȶ˲٣Ȼ֮ǰһս˲ٵǱġ
ʥľ磬ŲˣûԵҲӦԼ˵ڼʥľ磬֪Լʵͳˡ
ȫ״̬ѵʱٴεѡ˿񻯣ͬʱʮ֮ʹ״̬Ҳﵽ˿ֲȫ״̬ʹ״̬ҲźԵĲġ
ȴûа취ˣΪ״̬Īġǵ״̬Ҳ֪ԼѾûбҪܿˡ
ٴεУ޻껹ĺϣһΣٴεķԾʣĶ֮һ
һ̣ٴεĶˣһκϣֱӵĸһɽ
ǵģһʮͻأӴɽ͡
ɽֱӵĴںϣһϵĳһ׳ۡ
ɽֱӵĿһźɫս׵ӡ
ᣬǳվһֻʮ¥ߴİɫ޻
ͻأƣʹд˸


310 ׻ʹ캮
ʵû뵽ⲻݣѶȴﵽֲĵز
ԭΪһ磬ССĽԼһʥ˽۷徳硪ʥʵ׾٣ֵ
Ǵ˿̣֪ˣԼˣҴķǳף
ǣôֻӲͷƤǰˡ
Ǻɫս׵ӣû˵κλһ˫۾˲ǿʵ
һĮģһ۹⣬׾֪ԼʧεƣңǻľͰ׻֪ͬ糵һͻأĴ۾ҲԵ̺˿ֲɱ
Ϊ㣬һʹҿʹõǿս״̬
˵Ȼ˵ȻͷȻ죬ȫһɿֲĽ⡣
۵Ľ⣬ͬߵľ޴İ׻Ѿʧˡ
Ƭ֮ʧΣ׻Ѿ
ɫսףɫĳϣһƣ׻սףеˮһ޲һɿֲϢ
ϢΪɵ˱֮֮ǰѪɷƣӵĿֲ
׵ģĲ
ǿ̫ǿˣи̾ţȴҲͬһʱ̣תΪʥ״̬
ֻҪԷְԼôһսǿԱȥġ
ʱռ䶼ʧȥ塣
ӿ׵Ŀ⣬Ϳһֻ׵ĸûκεĲͬ
ݡ
ɫӰɲǼǰ
͡
ˮȣʱˣ쵽ףûа취
ʥܵײ׵궼һĲȻݺݵ꺣ˮ֮С
Ǽ뺣ʱȻ׵£һ̣һǿĺϡ
أ
Ӱһٴεĳ֡
أ

ĽʮΣ׸оȫȫ̱ˣȫʵ˷ˣֹٶȣʵ̫ǿˡ
׵ʥʶʧȥЧ۾Ҳûа취ֱ棬ʥ壬޷׽ԷĹ
ֹϵĹѾȫ޷ˡ
ǣĹѾƮҡ֮ȥĻֻвҵˡ
֪ԭ֮ǰǷѪ˵Ļȷʵ١
Լ޷ͨ飬ȷʵɡ
أ
ٴκݺݵĵ˳ȥȫѾѪ˿
Է̫ǿˣٶȺʵȫûа취ûκΰ취֡
ʹǳ֣ʥ廹ûлԷͽٴο͵Ĺˡ
ٳιԼɣ
гأƤأء
ɲǣ飡£ǼȫҪɢˡ
ڣ
ľ磬ȴܵ˽Ŀ顣
Σ˫ۣرʥĸܣҲȫĲٿʶڶԷİˡ
棬һƬڰ
ĺڰ֮УҲȥκζˡ
һֻ̣Ҫһιױɡ
ǣһֱǿҵŵԵأҲԸ
ʱֻԼǳǿıˣǵģıܣ
жԼȵȻˣҲ˲ȫ侲
һֲĸоĸоʱ򣬿űܣڵõжϡ
ȫûԥģȻһתޱǿĹƣݺݵΣյĵط˹ȥ
ɱ
ûʹʥ壬ֻǱּ򵥵Ĺװ˷λԼıܵĸӦһӳ
䣡
ڣʥͶԷݺݵײһ
΢΢һΪûмˣ׵ָ𽥵ĺתԷһ֮ȻЩͲ˼顣
ǶԷͬʮ侲Ѹٵٴγ֡
ָֺҪιȫ군Ƭ̣أһ׶Ȼٴαٴε˳ȥ
˲䣬ٴεһϷٴε˶һС
һֱûۣҲȫ˶Էǿİ巨ֻôűܣϵĺǿԴ
ӿʼξͻᱻһΣģʮζ޷ԷһΣٵ֮ٴΣԷһ֮ӭ˷Ļᡣ
Ķս֮УʲôǵãͼǵãҪһͻԼȡԷĴ
Ĺ֮УѵɱɱɱɱɱȴһδεľͬĽЩ쵽˹İ֮С
ʥ⹥ģʽ׸оԼ꾳磬ƺҲͻͽš
ֻǣȻʥľ磬Ȼ˲٣ȻʵҲõ˺ǿǾԼ״̬ϣûʲôͻơ
ĳ֮£𽥵ĺͶԷܶԹԴˣңƺ¡
ȫĲԷˡ
ǣڽ׼ʥ͹Ϲʱ׺ȻѾоֵĴˡ
ȻٴεĸоЯ֮ǿƣȻԷǿһˡ
ûۣҲûзųʥʥʶӦƺıܣѾˣԷϣȻ󻺻ֻм䣬˸Ϻɫķ硣
ƣٴεĳơ
֪Ϊʲô֪Լȳ֣ȻһгֺԼ޳ֵĻᡣ
˫ٴεˣʥ壬͹壬˲ںϣȻֱܷӦ׶Ȼˡ
Ϊ֮ǰĳʱսѵٶͬʮֵĿ졣
ݡ
׶ȻڶԷǰ
ʥ֮ɱ
׿һһںʥЯԼĽ͸ϺɫķĿռ䡣
͡
ʹһ룬ͱƻˣǿĮ꣬һ˿𾪣Ҳ΢΢һϵĺڰɫӵİ׻սףʱͬ壬˲ˡ
һ̣Įݵ꣬Ȼվɽ͵۷壬޴İ׻Ҳͬվߣģƺһ˿ƣ
ףǿĮ꣬Գһ͵Ĺâһɵ׺֮
ǿݺɫսȻº͵˵ţܲѹͨʹĿ飬֮Ŀ飬ѣȻ⣬ٲ
׳Ͽҵĵ˵ͷлǰ֮ǰ֡
΢΢ͷȴüͷ΢䣬Ҳ󣬲ڰ巨ǰӦóճڸֻص㣬ǰҾͳеˡ
ײ˵ʲô˼ǵ˵ͷȻ˿
Ȼ֮ͨĿ飬Ҳ֪ҵˡң׻ʹ캮
˵ţҲȻʧˡ
׿Żĳ꺣ľ޴ɽͣɴ˴
΢΢̾Ϣһȴûǰ
εս׸𺳣ǰһΣԷǱԵĹһΣȴǵĹǲǻ깥
ôԼ
ȫ״̬꣬ܺ״̬꿹⣿ֲ̫࣬ˡ
ڶ꺣ƽգͷһء
꺣ϣԭĿ磬ҲȫʧˡȻҲǸǰ׻ʹȫʧ
ûз磬꺣ؼȫľˣɫıЩڵĺˮ׷ӵ޷ƽ
ڶ꺣գ׿ʼٴεĻָһεսָһ£ȴ޷㵽κʱйصĶͷҲһء
ʹѶȻԽԽ󣬶ңǰأûһΣ֮յģοȥ
޷
ı֮УĶҪˡ
ѹʵ̫ˣЩҪĸо
Ȼ֪ԼѾǿˣЩˣȻһһǿֻοЦ
һһεںʥ͹壬һһεĽ״̬ãָѣײϵŬţϣڶȹ꺣;Уܸļʳɹ
ʥ͹ȫںˣ׾ʱ˺ܾõʱȴȻоʱǿռκεı仯
޷̣ʥʶ͸ʥڲĽǬ㣬ѯʷʱı仯


311 ȸʹ
ǿģһ֮£׷֣ѾȫûбҪѯˣΪģףʱ䣬ûб仯
ǵģ濴һй̣Ǿֹġ
Ϊ״̬͵׽ûκεı仯
ˣʲô㲻ҪǺ𣿿ȥܰȫġº͵˵
ѾĮˡ
΢΢ͷͬº͵ĵţСİɡ
˵ͷҲû˵ʲôȻܺ׺ɫ˵ų⣬ôȫʧ
Լ̬ȺȻú󣬷ּ̬Įˡ
Ů˱ԵֲԸϵ̬
׵ʥʶ˳ٿĶ꺣Ҳûʲôӱ仯
ѾΥ˷ˣڷǰ巨ǰѾǺֵˡ
κ飬ģòֻΪ֪ǳѡ
֪ȥˣþȥˣһеĲ
жﵽѵ״̬ٴεǰȥ
ʣ¾һʱͣΪȻʹѾˡ
ʹһĿżֲɣˣߣһֻһģ𳬼ʥޣֻʥޣƺŴһ
Ϊᣬ׵ļͷʱֻȸСʹߣǲģʥޣٱŴһһ㣬ʮӴ
ȻҲֻԵģǳߣ٣ÿһֶ׳һٱϣһˡ
ʥޣֻ꺺ôǿ󣬵Ǵŵƣȴĺǿ֮ǰʹ׵ĸоҪǿ
꣬׵ʱȴǺȻ˵ˡ
ߵҲܲˣǣһΣҲֻߵˡ
һΣ㽫ɵ깥깥״̬ȸ޵깥ɣ
ԣǰҸҵ֣ȸʹ
˵ˣȫûʱ׼͸оһǵصƳ˹
ƣơ
ǵģ֮ǰѾ׼˵ĻôһΣǶԷ֣׾ͱɱĽ֡
ǼȻ׼ǿһƴġ
Ҳֻ֪һƴ֮ѣҲֻѡΪ״̬ȫ״̬Ѿͬ״̬ûпɱԡ
һָ֣һĺһֱԣȫһߵġ
жôǿ״ûгԹһΣûҲֻܳˡ
ǿһ׵һּ䣬⹥ʧˡ
ǿһǰ˵Ĵ
ȸ޵ںİһʱûзűܵǿܣɡ
䣡
˲һк׵Դϣ׽ʥءһΪ顣
ǣױˡ
ǽǬһҲ߽ˣ嶸Ȼ֮δ֪Ĳ档
ᣬҲ͵³һѪ
ۡ
Ȼܲ׵ĴˣкȻʮֵʧ䡣
ƮյʮŻ飬˸ŲɫĹâУȻʮֵʹ
ΪʲôΪʲôˣԼôѹ
Ϊʲô
ڲϵʹ֮УĬˣȻƺõһ㣬۽ǣξӨˮ
ǣ˵һαѪ֮󣬷壬գݺݵ׹ȥ
һ̣һξѪ׵ǵıƳľѪȻںɫĻ鿿˹ȥ
ǣʱ򣬺Ȼ䣬һ֮ǾѪ˻ȥ˲ںϽ˷ڡ
ûȥȻ˹󣬿ɫĻ飬ȻĺΪʲô˲ҵĽѣҲóΪޣ쵰ߣء
˵˵ţȴǿ֪ʲôʱʼԭӰУȻˡ
ûκεֻ˸ɫĹâ
˿̣ǰĶˡ
˵˽һںİԽ֮
ǵģ쵱ɾ˽꣬˽ĵ·֮źĹͽİ壬ⶼֻǳΣԼĲͬǣֻԼĶãΪԼҲãԲûзĸܡ
һεȴΪƶĸİ壬׺ȻˣʥĲȱڡ
ǵģ겻ʥ˲ʥҲֻ뷨֮Уȴת޵Ļᡣ
ǵģˣһ̣꾳磬ľʥĵھŲ㣬ʥ壬ڴﵽԲ
پһ㣬Ҫﵽʥİˣʱ򣬾İںϵľˡ
ɫĹâȻɢ˳ȥͬʱ֮ǰһУ෴ķ򣬵˻һף˲ٴεĳˡ
ʱײĶˣʲôƶ
ҵ˺һԶǵõģУʲôΣգҽ׷ɱ㵽ĺǣǣڣɱң
˵һΣˣ˵ıûдģݿḶ́ȴǺ屻䵽գ޷㣬׷ŭĸԴ
УȫǱûףĽȻŭ
΢΢һ̾ͻ壬ҲˣһУɱӵҲǹ
΢΢һ漴Ȼʥأ񣿡
˵ͷ
ͼɱңŭ
һжǿ飬Ҫɱ㣬Ѿˣɵһɱ㣬Ҳٴγ֣ԽһĿˡ
׺Ȼ
лɾʱܼˣ֮ǰˣҲԶʧȥᡣ
˵ЩȸҲʧˡ
꺣ϣѹҲûˣ겻ʱҲʧˡ
ʱҲ֪ˣԭ꺣ϵһпֲʹıܻġ
ǽʲôأ
뵽ʱȻ뵽֮ǰһУŻĬĬһԿķᣬӿһ˿飬ᣬˣһжȥˡ
ߣȥʲô㵱Ҳ֪ҪԼȥˣ
Ȼô˵Ǻ׵˫ۣȴҲ˵ĵǡ
֮ǰ鲻֪Ҳʮִһ۾ͿǰĴ
΢΢һ̾ⳡս֮Уˣʵ΢ֻռУԴ֮ǰһҵĽǬ֮С
⻹ǹ㣬㲻ɱ˱ʲôʥص񣬻ô˵ǰҲ˵ˣһµġ
ʲô꾳磬ȻԼˣûУҲֻ˵ֻԼΣգû˵ûΣհ
۾һʱ򣬰ԼȷʵĥɵˣȻһ㶼û͸
ȴҲòԾˣǣ˵ʵܴȥôȥʥѰ飿˵Һʱˣ
ҲǴ˴漴ЩջĵǾɱȻʥضɱͽˣԷ㱨㻹ʲô
Ҳһ㶣漴뵽νֻأʱɴĲǶ
ԼȻҲˣԼûʥ£׬ˡ
ԼһȥˣʥصȻᷢҲɱԼһΡ
Ļŭһ䣬оǳɰܣһζˣкǲʹ죡
ȻŭǼȻûΣգҲ˿Žɫĸĺˮײ֪һλʲôʹ


312 ꡤ
Ϊԭ򣬶ʹԭеһ˿øУȫûˡ
뵽ҳȥˣȻһʥؿ
ȫ״ָ̬һΣҲûаѷսȥˣɷֱӻһöӡǣ׵ļϡ
ĻȻΣ˼֣֮䣬һ֮ĻӦ
ʣһ룬׷һ룬;УȻûΣգǰһ㣬׾͸Ӧǿߵĵ
һΣһģʮͷӣһֻͬɽһڹһ꣬ͷԵֵڹԴϣ˾Ǵɽһֻһ
һͷӣоһķС
׻û˵ͷӾԼ̾
Ȼǿ󣬿ǿԳϷĵҩˣô磬ϲͷӣֻСˡ
ͷӺһһŻĹζʵѬ֮
Ż
ĸо궼ˡ
Сӣôϰף㻹֪뵱꣬ͷҩ֣أٺ٣Ϸǣߣʹʥ
ͷʮֵ˵Ȼ껺ڶ꺣ţٶȺǺˮȴû˿Ĳ
ģͷĶģ
Ϊֱ۵뷨Ȼǰ˶ĵĶܶĳͷһ궼ˣȷʵǵһγܡ
ţһΣֻó߳ɵԸ㣬ôԼѡԼͷȡ߿ŵҩȥأͷǿеһν߿ŵҩϵ߸أ
ϼһĻʱҲһȻĵͷŵҩ԰ԼȻ󽫵ҩԼıӶǸŴͲһĶ񺮡
嶼˸ɫʱҰס
ãݣԼãҧҧ˵
ȷʵûз֮ˣÿһʵ̫̬ˡ
Ϊˣ׶Ըһˡ
ͷʥʮָˣƨɣжʱ߿ɢĵҩ
ɫĻɫģôĶġ
֪ͷӣǲǴƨٳĵҩ
ɫ粻Ҳûѡһ죬߿ŵҩͳС
嶼һŤ£ڣڽ߿ŵҩ󣬹ѬҪ
ţ˺ģܵĸӦⶫҲֻˡ
ʥ֮˽ȥȻûоڣɺ
ܺʹ࣬ѾһʹԱˡ
ʱ׵Ժ֮УĻ󣬾ǣ˲䣬屻ԩһ
Щԩ꣬һֻֻĳڷ֮еĳӣڲϵ˺ҧһ
ĳûоԵ׿ԼԻھ޴ĥ֮ȥ
ǣ£׷ʲôһƽˡ
߿ŵҩġԩ굤ԩΪҪƵĵҩۼԩΪǿ
ʹ֮УĬĬĳ
ͷʥȻ˶ĺ񣬵Ǵ˿ҲŴЦ⣬΢Цȷʵԩ굤İ壬ͷӺľѪ߿ŵҲó
ЩϲڶܲҪԩħĻֵЩˣû㹻ʵ޷İŮˣԣȷʵǶĿ顣
СӣҲϷ⣬ϷʮɵĿ飬ҲΣлᣬһҪһʮɵĵҩ
ͷ˵⻰Ҳ뿪ˣڣûǲǻȥɿ顣
ȴ֪һأʱ䲻ϵȥԼӦҲԼȥˡ
ͨǰЩ飬ףԩħĿ£ԼЩ飬ӦöǼԩħӵеֶΡ
Ȼˣ׵̬Ҳƽ˺ܶ࣬£ĬĬĺⵤҩ
Ȼ߿ŵҩռԩĲŵĲ֣ڴ֮УЩʵѾɾˣʮֶġ
ͨԵİײ˷ѵ߲һײˣɲĴС㽽ģǲҲʮֵĶģ
ʵϣȷʵˡ
ܽܣҲȻҪȥͷʮɵĵҩ飬ȴǴҲȥˡ
ĵҩ֮£ܸоԼ֮ʵ˷ǳǿķȵ
ֽ׺ȻȫףǶԵġ
ûĿ飬ľϵͻƺ͸ĳɾǿİ巨
ڣĴεĿ֮׸оԼһεĳˡ
߿ŵҩʱȫ˿񻯵״̬֮д棬ףʱûп񻯣ֻǱȫ״̬״̬ǰȥ
ǰռ䣬ʣһ׾롣
һ׾м䣬һɽѪɫɫɫɫɫĻ棬ȱȽǡ
ףĻ棬ǶԼĿˡ
꺣ˮ֮Уɫʾĺˮƽͬһ澵ӣ֮еӳͰơ
׵ģҲƽ棬ȻѪͳѾȻվ׵ļϡ
֮䣬ͬڹؼʱ򣬷Լʹ˼Ĺϵ˲١
ǣϵȴҲֻѻ˺˵Ĺϵ
Ȼϸ˵״ûеˡ
ӳΪ׵ޣһֱǲ״̬ʱ򣬿Ҫӽʱ򣬷ٴεı仯Ϊ״̬
һɫĻ泤ۣ欵ģԴЩͨ˫ۣ֮Уŵ˷ܺڴмֵĶ׵ĵǡ
ںڵĳڼϣżִϢֶ˼ѪĹϡ
ںڵü̵ͦıԼӣһ촽ͬ֬һļһж˵ᣬһŮӡ
ײûעЩ֮Уܵڻ֮зʱӭ˵ʹ
ҽƣǵʹʹΣһ㣬𡪡ƿصĻ棬ֳ߳ɵʹ㡣
Ҫôִ֮Ҫôͻִ֮ͻƣ
УǰƵӣһƽֺǣȴֲʧϵ꣬ģڱǰ׻ʹ캮Ҫ֡
֮УԼС֪Ǿˡ
ʹ˵仰һɫս׶ȻʧˣޱȹĻ档
ʱеĻ棬ںϳΪһʹ꺣ȫȼ
ԭĺˮʵǻ棬޾ɫĺˮʱȫȼ
ʱֻ棬ĺܿ¡
׳ȴûеֿȻȫڿ֮󣬽˻֮С
嶸Ȼ䱻棬ɫĹȼյʣһ˿һ̣ԩ굤ʮ޸ʹٴεĳ֡
Ḷ́һδεѭš
Σգʱ棬ǲӵĲ˶ӣһŴϴױܵ޴Ĵˡ
ǣ֮ǰĿĳЧʱ˳ܵһι׿űܣ壬ǿ֧Ҳǿƣʼ
ڴ֮ܣ֮дḶ̶́
Ͽգʹ΢ЦߵĻޣȻ߳ȥɣǵķΧڣҪȫԸ
޺ȻһƵĴȣʱʮҪĹ棬Ȼɢ˳ȥ
Ļ֮Уֹ棬Ȼ࣬ʹ޹ɵĻ洩󣬱ܼˡ
״̬СҲϵĴԵģڲߵĻ棬ֻǷǳƽ΢мǿƵĻ棬ò
һ㣬׷Ȼǿȴʶô򵥡
ȻĹֺ󣬾ǲõ̻˲佫װΧʱ׵ģҲٴκݺݵһ


313 Դ塤
ʱҲҴ⣬֮ǰһпĺôʱǡֵ˳
ǿܻĻ湥֮УȷʵûӲʵǿűܣżһεĹҲȫеġ
ңűܵܣڲϵı֮У׵ӰǱøӵԾˣٶ֮죬ӿʼıȽ׾֮𽥵ֳɳٶȣǺܾ˵ġ
ֳɳٶȣĻ𽥵ĴĹ֮У׸ܱòһˡ
һԴĳ嶯ȻǣָоȻʮֵһ
ӦÿȻľˡ
ʵϣܵǰصĿ֮ȻһֻصĿ飬ʹγһ忼飬еǰ֣Ѿ׸оջܴˡ
µֲϵĿͳʹȫĽ֮ǰпõĸȫںڲ֪֮䣬һں
𽥵ķĶԽԽĹ棬׵ϵʱȴûбֱֳյʹࡣ
Ȼ棬׿ƺʮֵǿ󣬵ĸĹУҲپôĿ¡
˵һȫĳԽĴڡ
£е֮ڵΪһ˳ӦĹ̡
ԼȻǿԼչԼǲΪ
Ϊֱӵ뷨˼ϵת䣬ȴиж顣
Ҳˣ׵ľžһأ˵˼ſʼľ硣
ʵϣ˵˵̲̣ʱ㣬̣׸ʱǧ꣬Ŀռ䣬֪ʱ䲻ŵġ
Ҳ˵ǧȥʼһ
ȫԵʱ侲ֹͶĶԱȣʱ䷨ѾѰˣֱ;ֹѾûʲôˡ
棬޷ٺ׵壬ͬʱĻ£׵ٴεǿ˷˼ĳ̶ȡ
˵ǿ˷˼ĳ̶ȣΪУѾʥռ磬ʥİ徳硣
ʥӦĲʥľ磬λľ硣
λľ磬ʼӴİ壬˵Ƚµʥİ壬׺Ȼһũĺӣվ˺ɫĴ󺣵ǰһָܣ̶˴ġ
ﵽλľ磬зпһֵƣ˼ֵ
ߣڻȹĥ£ԭЩǣǱĥƽ˼֡
ڻ֮𽥵ܻȻٴεĻģ
һذɫļ򵥵ۣһɫ˿ŵںڶĳüĿƽӹϢ֡
һ̣׳˷ǰᣬĻ֮Уʵȷʵ˺ܴȴȻûдﵽʥ˾硣
ף˼ָ˺ͼû˵Ȼһɲǣͻ˻ͬһֻȸһ׵ļͷ
߶˵Ϊůĸ塣
ʧˣ½Ҳڳˣ꺣ҲѾ֪ȥ
̤ʵصĸо׾ãʮֵʵ
ǰһɽˮĹµܵĻʮֺǰһɽϣܵľߴޱȣǿϢ
ɽģʵСΪľߴ֮˷ӴޱȵĻɽеķƺЩС
Щ׵顣
׽Ŀ⻷ɽɽʱĿȻ
Ϊ⻷ɽɽĲ֣Ѿֳ˹ͺͺĺɫͬཬйγɵʯһ㣬ʮֵͻأ
ӽӽɽûֲ￪ʼ׾ƶϳһɽ˵һʮֹĻɽ
ԣɽڲŵֲӦþǲˡ
ɽڣȥֻǲס
ʵˣȴһֱƽ
ֱӵĽ̤գǰ˹ȥ
һ·ϣҲûʲôѣ֣̤ɽʱҲûио쳣
һֱ⻷ɽĻɽڣûиܵʲôΣա
룬Ȼȫ״̬ѣǻɽڸӦ˹ȥ
ֻʱɽ΢΢Щͨһ㣬׿жϳɽҪ緢ˡ
׸оһ޴̻һϵŸ߿ȵҽȻͬˮһϵ
ҽȻž˵ĸʴԺͷԣڰɫ֮д׵ĵֿҲﵽʮֲֿĳ̶ȡ
ΪֻЩҽû̫ܵΣյĹ
һλɽ緢ϣƺҲȥ˺ܾõʱˡ
ûʲôԥһͷɽɽ֮С
ɽ֮УһƬ֮ӭȫȣֱӵĽЩȵɢܿһ·ϣȻΪѣȴ޾ա
Ƚɽڲʱ򣬵ռ֪νĵڶ飬Ҫʼˡ
һεĿ飬Ȼ֪᲻򵥣ǵԴγֻ紵ʱѾֹɫôˡ
׺ԥԼǰ˫ֲϵķţԼǰУʼʩչ󷨰壬ȫ󷨲ϵĸϣڵĿռ䲻ϵı仯
˲䣬߾γһȫ󷨿ռ䡣
бԴʱ򣬶ʱȫǬռ䡣
ռ֮ڣֻܲϵƿбԴ߲ϵĴ󣬶ҺЩйľ
бԴȫıȫǬռʱסʱڿԶһſŵѪɫļŽɫʮƬҶӵСݡ⣬ǲݡ
ݣɫģǻҺɫӽ͸ƪҶӣȫǽɫģƬҶӣȴѪɫġ
ɫѪɫɫ໥ӳ֮£ԭӽ͸ĲݾȻԳѪɫɫɫļӵĹʡ
ҶӣֳΡһĽһ
ʵϣ֪ⲻݵĲϣƷɽԼƳƷʥˡ
ݾǰԶɢһɹǿ֮ףڼͬʱҲӵĽˡ
Դ߲ϵĴתΪΪԱЭͬ󷨣ŵԽԴиƿȶ
һҪȥⲻݣǽ˲ܵΪĴ
ﵽλľ磬˵ʵӴ֮Ӧòѡʵϣ֪һ֣ȷʵʮպޡ
˵֮УǶͬǵһһǣ֮עںһһֶ֣ͬͬһͬ˵ֻһһǣǵͨ꣬ȴǣһֻǸɢˡ
һ嶼ģһ֣ȴں˺ǵӡ˵ȫһ𣬴˺ҵʯ׽
Ḷ́ò˵˺֮⣬һΣȷʵ޷
񣬼׵ʵûʮ鲻ѪѾЩҲûκεİա
Ȼܴ֮ҿռ䣬֮ǰȣ־磬Բ״̬׾Ҫʱ䣬ʵ̫
ڷռ֮УʱĿռ䣬ܵӰ죬Ҫȴӵѡ
ǰݲֻһãһ׵ľ룬ͻһãȻһֱӳȥһֱǰԶԶƺûоͷ
ײһ̰֮ˣһ겻ݣʵҲѾ㹻ˣҪ̰ĵĻ֪λϾԻĽ֡
ٴӰһԴгдǼɵ
ҪȸԴ壬ȻҪõⲻݣ췽ҹ̷
ĿȴǱüᶨ
Ҳֻ֪ԼڲϵĿ֮бǿڽĿ֮УԼߵĸԶҲڱԼĺĹУøĳɹԡ
ᶨ̬ҲǳĬĬ


314 ȡ
ĬĬбԴ֮У׾ĸǷѵõľס
ߣбԴУֵֻ̨һнɫġɫġѪɫġлĻƺɫģҲɫ͸С
ȻҲмʹâѾںϳһҵС
Уÿһ֣˲ǣȻɱĨӡǣһմϣνʱ³֮
Σ֮У׻粻֪ĸţĲš
ڼõݵʱ׷̹ƽ뾲׵ƣʹӷ豹һ״̬ٴεĵֳֳԨsŵˡ
壬
ߣ߶һģǣʵϣֲһġ
һ֣壬ȴ߷һڹͣڣ˰Լڡ
Դ壬ȴĸ꣬ԱԴΪԱԴ壬˵ɴ˵СҲС
а壬أܻУһֻݵĹ̡
ײϵ˼ţĲְ壬Ҳ˳˺ܶ࣬ȻӦĶ˲١
ǵģ֮֮Ǹء
ﵽľ磬״̬Ҳﵽ˾״̬֪һԼȫȴȻ޷ﵽ״ֻ̬ͣȫ״̬
ֽȡģȴû˿и
ĬĬĸӦţбԴȥϵһԼԤķǰ
ܵεĹ˺ʱײû˺ָ֮ٴεĳ֡
Ḷ́ǸӶģȴ塣
Ȼûʱ壬ôҲȫûκεĹһȵ̫ҲѾȻˡ
ӿʼһӦȻʼڱԴܻԵӦ֮ЩбԴ壬޾ʱ֮У׵֮С
һģÿһİ꣬׶
Щ壬һֱŵӡǣܺõǢһ𣬼֮гš
֪һ죬ЩǻᱬģֻҪԼںӡǵһ̡
ʱţ˵ͣ͵ʱϣ˵ӵʱȥӻ
ǵģʵҲںԴ֮״̬ٴεĵõ˹̣ʥľ磬Ҳȫĵõȶ
λľ磬Ҳȫĵõȶ
⣬׸ǰһ㿼֮ͨһ㿼飬Ȼ˵֮Ǹͻһ㿼飬ײԼٴεĳɳˡ
򣬺Ȼ䣬һֱ㺣һֱԴԼʮĸһĸо
ĸоƬ̵ĸˣ漴ȻһЦ
֮䣬󷨣бԴѾʧʧʱ򣬲ݿôĿɰ
ĬĬһ겻ݵǰǿİһĿĿ겻ݡ
ɫƬҶӣ꣬ѪɫƬҶӣȴǡ
ݲߴֻа׸ߣһƬƬҶӣһС˵ķɽƣơ
΢Цţ˫бԴעڲµİɫĴż͸֮УͬƬԲףΪȡĶ
΢΢һ£Ȼָֻƽ
ȡ˽Ǭ֮Уַӡ󷨣˿
˿ǰĲݣȴûжʲô˼
ˣĳʱҲҪѧ֪㣬رһǿߵ磬̰ĲĽ
תЦݣŽ·˻ȥ
ȻתһɲǣĲݵȣԴ壬һֽ׵ıԴ壬ɱˣɱʵ𣬼ֱͬϷ
ҵͬʱҲԼıóˡ
ȥ·ƽͬλá
꺣һƬûκεΣգҲûʹ֣Ҳûзꡣ
һֱĽ˰˴ʥĵʱ򣬶ûٳʲôΣա
׾ã֮ǰһоĺλһ㡣
еĸܵԼľĴڣȥɡ
Ϊʵľ֪뿪ǿߣѾһУλûˣԣԼг뷨Ǻġ
˿ٿʱ򣬲ᣬ˽һУȻǸĮĵģȻ
תҪ̤ʱ򣬲Ȼ˵ѯôֲȥˣ
һֱģ֪ġ
ָһ£ɿЦȷʵԼһУƺ˲Ժ֮оһλãΪ˵ķᣬȴȻʲô֪
оǬĲݣԼﲢӰŴĸо֮˳
ʥأʱȥ˽ˡ
׵˵ţȴǴһɱ⣬Ϊʧķŭɱ⡣
΢΢һݣһ£ҲǱˡ
ǿҵɱ⣬ȻԸоȻģУǺܲʹ졣
ɱ⣬ȻĶѾõȥˣڣȥʥءҲʥء
ȥʲô
뵽ڶ꺣ΪԼ΢΢º˼֣ɱˣȡ顣
΢΢һͣȴû˵
Ҳûж˵ŷᣬֱӵ˲ƣʥ֮ĵش
лɽһӴľ󷨣ˣȻ޷ȥ
Ƕ׶ԣ󷨣Сӵһʵڲֵһᡣ
Ҳֱһ򵥵ġĽ⹥
䣡һȻһ𣬶ʱ顣
ػӵܣʱȫѪ˳ȥ
һֵļ
˲䣬޼֮У񼶸֣Լ˴ʥЩͼǿߣ˲ĳʥܡ
ǣȻԪ۵˼׵ʱ򣬲ɫࡣ
˴ʥʸ괫ԭ޼Լʥصػ۸֣ɫҰһƬ
УûжĿ⣬ȴݶ
ȻǶʥǿ֮Ӧˡ
ƹ٣νʮ˵õһ££ȻҲ֪ڽӡ
ûжʲôǿԼĽһս׵ǰ
ߣͬһʵǾż۷״̬
ȷѾﵽʥ˾磬꣬Ѿﵽʥľ磬Ѿ޵еĴˡ
ǣ׿ʱ򣬾ǿһһ
ԼԪӤڵȻʥأһ׵Ȼ˵š
֪壬һвǣףһвˣ
ߣףδ̫ڿ֪Ǻˣ
һϺ͹°ͬʱȻ֪ڽӣȴȻȻ塣
ЦҲϻֱһʥȫӳ
׿ƵĺܺãһԻ磬Խʥػ
ɫȻ䣬ȵõ
غûһ˿ԥ̬ȴ΢΢һҲδ룬е壬ʱӴ
䣡
ռݺݵһͬʱߵһˣȻҷ𣬲Ȼ
ʥأȻһɫľӰ׵ĹΡ
ϵı鼱ı仯ܻΪһֱ
ϣʼƬĳƣһȻüһץ˹ȥ뽣Ǭ֮С
ϵƤսףһȻȥһֳ̣ޣȻתΪһְꡣ
ʱУȴΣУǣȻˣױȻ壡


315 ԩħ
Ȼ֪ʥأӦúռ֮еǸʹǿЩϵֻ̫⡣ϾԷȶ֣ҲԶԷ
£ȻΣĸо׵Ҳġ
ȡűԼɱİʥصĸ֣üͷûһ¡
Σյĸо𽥵ɢȥΧΧ۵Ⱥ˶겻ѡɫ԰ס
ȴҲûٲ֪ôĳ֡
׶ԣٺòģϾһȺʵ΢֮սǺܲмġ
Ͼ˵ʵһȺˣһ־Եѹ
ΣյϢڻȫʧҲ֪ʥأžԵػҲͻⷨĽƣҲõˣٴûʲô˼
֮˶һŭͷҲ⣬ɫ𽥵ƽȻ˵λ飬Ѿõ֮£ҲֻֻĸôͺúŬκս׶ţ
ֻǣһԲôҲҪҺ飡
˵գҲԥһâֱƿռ䣬˽ȥ

ʥأһȺǿ߾ĬĬԵʥա
ڵıӻԽԽţԽԽΣճǿĵ˵ʱڶһȺˡ
һε¼˾ӣףڵܵʱѾȥˡ
һȺʥ֮һԣĬĬԶյһĨâҲȻɢȥ

ʮõˣﾫѪõˣݵõˣҲõˡ
ʣµģֻʥ˽ʯ͹ʥˡ
ʥ˽ʯѹһǿ֮ԩ꣬Ϊԩ꣬һЩΪԭ޷ڤ磬Ҳ޷ħȿռǿ꣬Щ꣬ʧߵꡣ
˵ǽ֮Ľ֮Ķʮֵǿ
磬ȷ״̬ϵĽ״Ӿ״̬ȫ״̬һ쳣ǽ棬ô󣬻ͬȫ״̬ǻǷ棬ȴΪ棬ɥʧǣΪһַûʥʶꡣ
Ĵڣʮֲֿģҳ֮
Ϊˣʯѹԩ
ʯܣϵľ״̬ķ󣬾ʥ˽Щǿߣǰâ
ףһΣȴҪȡʯʱסΪĸ꽹ꡣ
λʵʥ˽磬Ҳûʲôѣֱʥ֮ܵϽɡ
ײ뾪ʥ˽Ⱥˣֱƿգռ䴩Խʥ˽硣
ʥ˽磬ʮֹ󣬿ռڻռ䣬ҲʮֵӴ󣬵ΪǸ߲Ŀռ䣬ǿռݣ޳㣬ʵǶһһǿ
ʥ˽磬һʵΪʥˣʵǿģʥʵپһ㣬νʥˡ
ʥ֮Уʥ۷徳ģʮϡ١
ϣʥ˽˿ڲ࣬һˡ
һ֮Уʥֻвһǧʥȴһ١
ʥ۷徳ģҲֻô򵥵ļˣ⼸֮УԺʵΪǿ
磬׸ܵЩǿߵ֣ȻЩȣҲ̫𾪡
ʥʵģȻ˵ʥģҲûʲô̫Ϥĸо
ʥǽ֮У׷֣кܶʮϤˣ˵ʮϤԷֵˡ
졢ףڡࡢˡԯũˡŮ洡ȵˣһȺˣں£ʵʥ
Щˣײʶǵ֣ȴ׹Ϥ֮
ȻЩ˵֣Ҳ׵ʥʶɨЩ˺ġ
ʵֻҪЩ֪Щ˾޷׵ģڣǺҲֲ
ֱ˲ʥ˽ʥɽ
ںʥ۹
ɽ£һʯʯܣһλռ䣬ǼӴķ
˲վ˷ǰ֪ǲһôض֡
ʱԼʯôʥ˽ˣȫĳΪԼĵˣ
ԣ׵뷨һ
ֱӵĿȻƵƷսף˽ǿ˲ʮĺʹ״̬ȫĴﵽȫ״̬۷塣
ʱ򣬱Ŀ񻯣ΪбԴѾʮֵӴ󣬶˷ȵȫȻ࣬ȴֳΪǿ״̬
ʥ壡
һ˶ʱ׽ȻɱΪǿһУɱ˳ȥ
ǿĹռ
Ϊ׶󷨰壬һֱӴ͸˷λ棬ݺݵĹʯϡ
䣡
ռݺݵĲԭҰɫĿռ䣬Ȼ೵ĸо
ռһͣȻȻ䱬ը
ʱʯȻ䱻˳ȥۼֿ죬һѽʯ˽Ǭ֮С
ǡ
䣡䣡䣡
ʱǿޱȵʥ˽磬ڱˡ
йȻҲȫıը˿
һɫӰֱӴӵ۹֮зǿ״̬Ȼһͣ
׺ȻӦƺʱͻʥľ磬ľ磬Ϊ̣꾳ֱӵĴﵽλľ硣
ǿ󣬾ǺȻ䱻ϵǿһ
ʯ׺ȻȻ
ʯסģԩ꣬кˣѹֵ׼սʱЩֲܿĸо˸
ȫˣһ̣ĲӰſֲ³˳
ŵЦǿֲĲ
ЩǺһ֮УһɭͳЦݣһߣǣеԩĶ
һãӵصգȻȻվţԩ꣬ϵϾۼ
ӳ˲䣬׾͸о״̬ﵽ״̬ڣ״̬Ȼ׳
Ȼ֪ʯ𣬻ʹԩħǿͬվ֮һԩħֻԼС
ǿȫ˵ĥ£ǶôıҪ
һεɰʥ˽磡
ǺӰ˵ţһۣȻΪ˱ʾĸлҽ
˵ţһӰȻ׳һ˲䣬ƺҪȫĴ͸׵ꡣ
˺ݺһɫȻ䣡
Ӱ£һ̴ּĳ嶯֪һѡ˴Լ͵ĳΪһûʶĿˡ
ʱûл֮ԩħˣǸ֮ԩħ̫ǿˡ
һӰʱվԩħĶ棬ˣǺ
ǣûг־ףԩħ֣ɱ
дŭۿһĨڹ⴩͸Լ꣬Լ޷֮
̶ֳȵĹѾֹǷˣҪǰá
ǣԩħǿ󣬻֮ܺλսٻغϣһλ𣬾ǲеġ
ֲ࣬ʵ̫ңԶ
ǣ˿̼Ӱȴԩħֵʱ򣬳ˡ
ʯһˣҲȫûκεĽˣʵȻָλʵ
£ԼˣȻԩħˡ
ʱҲû׵ڣһ»׼֮еĶ
ֻǣɫԩ׵֮һֱŵӡǣȻ
˶һӡǣʱȫˣһɹɶĻĻ
ʱбԴ壬Ҳȫĺ׵ʱ׵УⶸȻ


ʮļ 


316 䡤
ɫԩ壬ֱӵ˺׵ǣǺȻ䣬бԴںӡ֮󣬾һֱӵĽɫԩȥ
ɣ֮ɫԩ壬ӵǿֲ
Ӱ죬ʹ˲һֱ֮У֮ܵĿ飬ȻĴ߷˳
Щܣ׽ӡǺͱԴȫںһͬԼĽľϵĸ򣬶ںϵһ
ееİ壬еķ򣬶ںϵһ

һ˲䣬˵Уʵǧ꣬Ѿȥˣʵϣʵֻôһ˲䡣
еĺ𽥵ƽ׸ܵˣںϣûʹںϣȴǵһƿĹͷûͻơ
Ȼûͻƣǻϣеİͷںһ׷֣ѾԿˡ
Ľʹܽ״̬ȫ״̬״̬ڣҲ״̬ﵽ𽣰ľ硣
Ϊһûںϣ׷֣ԼȻ޷ͻơ
磬ͣҪͻƣ֪ԼҪģνĻԵˡ
ǧԹԩ꣬ͬһ㣬˳γԩħߵֱۣΪԩߣǿѾͬһˡ
û˲ó׵ԩ꣬˲䱻ȫɱ
˿̣ˣҲȫĻָˡ
ֻ˶Ȼ仯ͬʱֱܻɾʥħ
ǵģʥħԩħ൱ġ
ͬһʱ̣ͬģҲɾľ磬ԩħ
˿̺Ȼ
ʥħԩħͬħֻһĶ߱ȫľ˶Բߣ˲Ž
ĿһȻƬ⣬ͬյһȺʥϵĽƣƺͬʱ䱻򿪣ֻԭֻʥʵˣԭʼԼŮ洵ˣʵȻͬʱ
ͬʱĬĬ˵һߣǴ˿̣ΪսԼҲûа취뿪
׾Ŀ֮УŮ洷˵һȺˣ˲䶼ָ˱ʵﵽ˿ֲ𾳽磬ʱŮ洵˵ʵǲ˺١
ʵԩħ൱Ů洵ˣȻԩħ
ɾʥħ֮ʱͬԩħһźɱ˹ȥ
Ժԩ꣬Ů洵ɱ˹ȥ
ͬʱ챾ˣȴɱ˹
˿̵죬Ծеʮ鲻ݺ;飬ԼѪΪıˡ
ʵȻʮǿͬʥħ״̬
ף˿ʵͬʮǿѾһͱˡ
սսǻԵġ
ڤ磬Լɽ޷磬ȫı
սʲôǵģ
һһԩħ嶸Ȼ˿⴩˵꣬ȴ޷ֱʥ˽硣
ʥ˽綸Ȼ䱬ըռ򣬶ʱ⴩͸׷ױը
һ⣬һߴ͸һߣ䴩档
е򣬾Ƿ׷ױըνǴݲϵȻҲǻҷ
ԩħЦԩħһһɫĽ֮⣬˿ռ䡣
һڰö壬Ȼ塣
ǶȻ仯һ巨ʹʱԭУȴǺȻ䵹תʱգ˿
ԭ״̬ʱʧҲ棬ҲԴռ䣬ȫ
ը֮Ȼ
ֻǣԵսûʲôǿ߲֣Ϊ֮䣬λ𣬾Ѿǿˡ
˵֪ףȴ֪ûоľ磬Ϊǿľ硣
ս׺ȫ
׵ʥ壬ǲϵĴռ䣬ɱֻ̣Ҳ˿
ǣȫûй㣡
ͬģҲ˿޷ס
ս˺ܾã춼ûôˣԩħͬҲûгԿ
ǣʥħԣŮ洵ˣͲ˲١
Ƭ̣Ů洷˵̱ɱһĳ׶ελ𣬾ôˡ

ԩħҲһҺһ
ʱʥħȻ仯һֱӵȵ塣
ʱȫ˿ʱըΪ飬ʧΡ
һλˡ
ʱƺһ㣬ɫʮֳ䣬һٴ֮гһѪɫıӡ
һռ̶ͬһ
ԩħɫһܣѾȻ䱻ݺݳ¡
һ϶ʱѪɫı޺ۡ
˴󺧣˽
ȴû׷ȥֻɫȻ
ⷬ򶷣汻߰˰ˣʥ˽µ֮⣬磬ȫ߽Ϊ棬ݲ
ΪŮ洵ȰԼУֶԸס
ҲоԼԽԽΣˡ
һɫԩ꼤˳һӰңԺȣûԩ깥Ȼԩ֮С
ʱƬ̣ûüӦ㱻ԩ깥꣬ʱ΢΢һ١
һݵƬ̣ǿ߶ԣġ
һȻȫǿ壬ͼֱӹᴩ׵ǡ
ر죬꣬귽ĹȻǿޱȡ
ûκ͵һɱ׵壬һҺ˳ȥ
Ƭ̣ȴû׻ҷ𣬶Ǳһ̣׺ȻȫĶˡ
ǵģʲôʥνĹʥǲڵġ
ʥ壬Ӧþǽ壬Խ˱Դʥľ״̬
⣬˲ˣǼʱȫˡ
һɲǣҲȫˡ
һֱּͻƵľ磬˿̣׵ʵҲֱӵĴﵽλľ磬ͬʱ״̬ȫĴﵽ״̬ڴﵽ˶㣬𽣰ľ硣
ԭޱȵ壬׵У
һУԭˡ
ԭ
һֻȻĸоǣһĸо
ǼɱǵȻһ٣㱻İ壬˻ȥ
ݡ
˭Ҳû뵽ԭֵԺ죬Ǳ˺ˡ
ֻ˲Һһͬĵ˳ȥһھѪ
֪ڿʼҲͬվ۷徳硣
ǵģǺȫںΪ׽ҲΪ˹ʥ
ν£ɱ˻ǾˣָһıܴڵĶ
Ľ֮£ڲϵı仯ģ֪ٵݺĵȣԼݵĹ¡
ʥΪԼ壬ȻѾˡ
Ҫģս֮УסȻ󣬽ȣԼĺ˳ĳ
Ժ˲ˣٿ׵ʱɫ䡣
˿֣Ҳһ׵ĶˣȻ򲻹ҪԼҲѡ
ԩħ֣Ҳ޷κκˡ
ʵۺһ𣬳Ϊµĸ֡
ףԼԩħ
һսʥ˽µ硢ɽѾ绹ڤûбеռ䣬ȣȫһա
ֱӼɱ˺޵ȣĿʮӴġ
һ򣬼ǰǧ˿㣬ⱻҲԽǧ
̶ȣ磬ħʥ˽µ֮⣬ȫ군ˡ
ǣǺԩħˣûһüͷƺΪʲô
ֻףεͬʱмꡣ
սĴۣ磬̫пᡣ
תʮռʱմԽ˲뿪ˡ
ԩħкҲûʵ棬Ҳûʵֹ


317 ټ
ʹ׵ʵֱӵʥ˽ϲռ䡪ʥ
ʱΪͬԩħˣҲһռ䡣
ĿռҲûٳ֣ϾľϣİԽȻԽǿ
˺ԩħһոս⿪ӡãʵȫ޷ӳսȥҲûʲôô
Ҫǣ֪Ѿֻȱһʥˡ
һʥ׵ʵǲҪ̫ʱ䣬ܴԣһУȻ׼ȫǼӤˡ
ͬģով𽣾ףһʥ֮󣬲ҪʵҲҪ׼ˡ
Դ˿̣Ҳ˴սʱҲʾˣֻĿĶˡ
νŋӡǣֻ֪µһֽƶѡ
ֽͨƣԼһԼĴƵ˵ߵʱ϶ᷢ֡
ԣײò˼
Ƭʱ䣬Ѿʧǰ΢΢һ㶣ʱȴ˲١
񣬽ѾڴɣֻҪеһ˿ǣ˽ᣬ׾ͿȫĽ뽣ռľˡǾǰԽ硣
Խ磬塣
壬λ𾳽磬׻ʲôġ
һ޾ľ磬һûоľ硣
תۼȫʧ΢΢壬һ£ȻȫΣʧ
һΣʮٴεȫ״̬ĽֱӽԼڵĽǬռ䡣
ĬĬţİ塣
İ壬״̬ȥٶ֮죬֮Ȼ˾̾ġ
ˣ嶼ֳһ־ѵ״̬״̬嶼һֱϢ
ϢϵĴƬռ䣬ռ䣬ҲʼԼ뷨ϵĸ
ռֱܴӽƬڻĿռ˿γԴȻԲϵıըʼγɴСͬ
Ȼǿʱ䷨Ƭ棬ʱﵽ˿ֲһڱһ
ͬģԼ֮У׽ĵĹϢ֮УʹĶ𾴡
˽꣬Ҳһǧ꣬ķչȫ׵ĽǬ֮гˡ
ˣУһĨ΢Ц
֮У׿ӪһȫϵϵȻӪ˵ȾŴǣҲ̫ǿĺǡ
ǣһͳˡ
ڲ׿ԭǿ˵Ȼµĵϵˮ½յ֣Ȼȴܻ
ЩҲоԼľѾȫĹˣ״̬Ӧ״̬֮ٶȣȷʵܿ죬Ҹ棬ľ׵ĸҲǿ󣬺Բ
״ӽǬ˳ʱ򣬺Ȼ俴΢΢һȻһźеŮӣһŮӣǰ
ǸУֺǿŮӣһϺɫĳʮֵ欣ͬʱִŵϢȴҲмԡ
Цݣ׵Ŀ˼͡
ߵǸŮӣһǳɫĳۣϴʮ˼ı飬鶯ǣҶϳĸоҲôԡ
ŮӣһǾϲ
硪
ǺɫŮӺȻϲʱͶ׵Ļ
ȴǼ˵
ľ磬ҲȻ˵ĸ顣
Щʧȥˣʲôԣ
壬̾ı仯Լ˫ۡ
ʵͬģҲﵽ콣ľ磡
Ȼ̾Ǽûˣ׵˵ĸˡ
׺ۣŮ΢΢һЦףúðգһλ档
΢΢һ㶣ԭһλŮĴرϵŮߣŲЩϵ˵λǰܻлİˡ
ŮȻһЦ壬ޱȣʵʥرҵ֮ǰֵһ˽ᡣ
壬ýˣҲлǣԼܳԩħѹһ̸
ⶼԼȡģȻһأôѶȣȫĺ˵ˣҲΪ֮ɡ
ţףˣӵõδ
ǵɫĳŮ˵꣬ʱȫɢ֮䣬Ӱȫĵȥ
˿̣ȴ˵㣬һ죬һľģĺˡ
Ӱƺһȴվȫɢˡ
Ĺ죬ߵƮݣ׻С
Ӵһˣٴεĸоһ˵ǿƬҲ侲
һֱӰȫɢһֱռȫûκεϢźúõһ
ȻʥЩʣ׵ػ嵹Ҳ̫ܡ
Ⱥһ֮ٴεص˽ǬڲϣȻԼ˿ռֱͨ塣
һȥˣģʮֵӴϣҲǵһš
֮УòŮӣȻʿ޲ͶһõĵԵ
עƬ̣΢΢һЦֱ˱֮⡣
룬һڱǳֻ֣綼ҷˡ
գȻ뽫ĶȡԼĽǬռ֮УΪ˵ԭ֪Ȼǲ׵ġ
գ֮£ֻڱ֮һʮӴ󷨣󷨣ҲػűǵĿռݡ
ʵѾǼˣȴҲ֮
˱֮ʱûж룬ֱӵĳ¡
һȥˣȻɣͬǣ磬Ѿʮֶˡ
ʵǿģﵽ˷ڵľ磬ڵǿߣҲԼĴơ
׺οһ£磬ʱѾŵ79600꣬ŵ69124꣬Ѿȥ˽һꡣ
˵ߣԼŮ橣Ѿʮֵˣ׿ԸܵŮ֮Ҳ˵ûѰ
ͬʱȻǵ״̬ʵܿ˵ʵȻǿ磬ȷʵǺ޵еĴڡ
֮⣬ģӺҲ׶˾ͽĺ
񣬵С޶ȴѾΪһĿ׳
ȻߣܿңҲŮ֮ҲһֱûѰ
ûоκˣֱӵĳǵߡ
΢ЦԳ֮ȷӦĻ橡
׵ĵһۣ΢΢һ֮橣Ȼٸнȴڵأ֪롣
ȴǺȻ仯ΣѾǵɫսףĳֳ˵ģ
˶
׸硪
ԵĻٴεĽıһ
̣ʲôû˵ʵϣ˶û˵ʲôıҪˡ
һʤĳһԿļˣλѾ֪ĵѾκˡ
ˣþõĴů֮лָ˹׵ģһƬů
΢΢㣬׶ʱã˺橣ֱӳʥ֮УȻ΢΢֣ʱԼǣȫȡڵĽǬ֮С
ҪˣڱȫеģΨʥ֮вſԣҲ˵һȻѾˣʥɽ磬ȫĻ
һ꣬ͱˣȻ޻ֻǴ˿˶ûзɽ磬ʡײʱ䡣
˺橺Ǿ׵ֱӽһдݵԺʱ˶ˡ
˸ϲڣҪּ尾ˡ
ײûֱӵΪƣȴ˻ص˽Ǭ֪׼ƵˣҲûа취ΪڽǬ׵硣


318 
˲֪׽綼˽ǬΪŲȫûκεı仯
׵ĽǬ֮ڲǿպҲȫĳЩ
׵ĿⲼ֮£ȻѸٵ氲
ı仯ʵҲôһɲǣʱӳֻҪһʱհ巨׾ܽ״׶ԣǺɵġ
ڽ֮󣬴˺ٴεĳ˱ǡ
仯Щ󣬵ҵˣѾռǣΪΪǿ塣
峤ҲѾҵĺȡһ֮󣬶ʱûٽҼˣֱӵɽϿȡ
ɽϿȣһĴڣԼĴϵˣܽˣҲޡ
ܽͬȻŮûѰ
״˵ĵʹɽϿȵ۵Ļ֣һƬܰ
ɽϿȴһʱ䣬橰֮˶֪ҪȥˣҲûֻĬĬףס
Ǹ֮״ʥ
һΣˣѾ㹻ˣˣҲûκεη塣
΢΢¡Сʹ׿ĸܵС˶Ϊ˵ԭҲҴ⡣
ܽΪǿػͬʱʹΪǿ壬ػƬռ䡣
һ֮ȡʯ׽
׵ķԸ£һɫս𽥵ʧתΪӰ״̬ϯض
ȣֱӵİ壬ɢ˵ǣȻ˲䣬ִʯ׽Ľƣǡ
˲䣬ĽɫĹâ˲ۺ˵ǣȻε벻Ѫ
֮УǽǣͬıԲľѪָ
Ǳǲȱں֮вѪΪ䣬ܿĻָ
Ĺ֮УᣬΪһֱܻΪ׼ϵһӡǣЩ飬ǿеġ
ͬʱҲ֣ԭôôĿѣΪǲȱŮӡ
ִǲԶģΪһԵŮˣ˿̸оԼӯˮ
˲ǵֱӳں壬ʹԸ
˵ҪӵĶࡣ
ﾫѪϴȻõΪȱһ֣˺ܶʶܵƻ
ʱȡ˾飬ֱӵĹעǿ
ͬǽɫĹâ˸ţҫЩζĻϡ
ʵʱеĲ޻ݣ˳ȥ
ǵʮƬҶӣʱ˳ȥĹǵĲݾȴֱӵĸ˵ϣͬʱǣʼ
ͬʱһȱʱҲɲ޻ݵһƬҶ˲䡣
ʱ궯ֱӼʯסǵĴҡ
ʱױһһʥ˵壬ﵽԹ£ǡ
ʮ飬Ѿһ̣Ȼ˵ǣǣҲһ˳
Ĳ࣬һһΣϵԺ֮
ϵĳһεܵǣһλĴ̽ʵĸ
жҹĲ࣬Լ˼
һ㣬һεεģʱʣ˻Ȼһ塣
ĬĬķƵϿգʥΪεĺ壬ò
ǵԩħһɫ䡣
ʱʥ֮еĸ֣ûӲںĴ£Ĵ£̹ǿߣ໥ȫ׿˳ɼһ﹥˹
ӤʥʼȫӦ䡣
ԣ£Ϊ˵棬Ȼ֣ԩħˣиͬͼǿӤ
õνӤһ壬𾳽磬ٴξ£壬뾳Ϊϵǿߣ
ϣ˭˶ϣӤʵϣ˭˶ϣⶫ֮󣬽ⶫ֡
ԣǰֻһĿĵʱһױɱӤ֮һϵˣѸٵķĿ
Ѿ֪ĽǴ˿̼ʹ֪ЩɱˣҲûа취
˵Ļָ֮УڵĺҲͬʱŹʥԼݵǿΪɳ׼
ʱţеǿߵʱڱǿֹˡ
ǣˣȫȫȫǿеĳ֡
ֻ桰䣡䣡䣡ıըͣΪҵĹʥ֮֮⣬𶯵ݵ½ʥ˽磬ʥ˽Ѿʼ̮ˡ
ǣûһзĶôпᣬû˼ʥˣǺֵĹš
̹ž޸ǰ˿Ľƣһüͷһƣǿ޸Ȼɢž޴Ľ⡣
һɽԱ߰ԩħ
أ
һͷ£ֱֲӵʥĿռݣʥ֮µ磬ȫĻ˷飬ޡ
硢ɽ磬ȫĻޡ
Ҳٴεıը䣬嫵棬һƬ
ȻڣѾˡ
ԩħһͬһ㣬ƹһ޴ľ룬ˮƽλãݺݵɨʣ޴Ӻݺ¡
أ
ǺݺһѾƿʥռݣǲŸ涼ը
Ļ
ȫĻ
Ƭռλз֮дڣеĵطˣˡ
ǣ⹥ǿȴȻû顣
Ҳˡ
һ۵Ľɫ⽣ʥһֱӴƣݺݵĴ󷨽ϡ
أһ󷨣ڱǿеƿˡ

ʱѾںϣ˻һУ˶û⡣
˵ȣ˵ʵָ˲٣ΪʥŮӵλʵǺܿϧ²Żָ˲һɡ
ʮɵҲǲԺȺ˶Կģο
˿̣Ѿ
һĺӣ֮ȫӵǿǿ׺˸о־ͬʱָоο
Ǹɲǵͬʱ˿Ӥۺˡ
ˣӤˡ
ٿѾȫɫʥͷء
һۣƺ϶׵
˲ûл֣Ϊػеڶ㣬ܸ˽ʡһӵʱ䡣
һӣѾ㹻ܶܶˡ
׺˻һۣοġ
ɲǼ䣬ʥŮݣģΪǿĽ󷨡
ܸӦĸ׵׽ûκε
ȻһӤܶ£Ȼ¶ģΪǿʵǿ¶ĶãѾ㹻ˡ
ӡ󷨿׵ϣ󷨣ʷΪǿķӡ󷨣٣вģѾǿˡ
ַӡһоžŰʮһأÿһأһͻơ
ôҲĿĵġ
Ϊ£ȥǸ󣬻̫
ȻֻϣûκγֻͨǸ磬׻ϣᱻ۸̫
ͬʱƿ壬취򣬽ʯȶĲϣһƣƳһöǿıԴʥָ䡣
ŶԵȵķӡԼӦķ뵤ҩ˲䣬ȡѪȫ
֮£׽ںϵ֮С
ֻҪǶй˺ģֻҪԷʵûԼǿô꣬ܵΣ


319 Խ
׽еĶ֮ٿѾͨӤ΢΢ѹ
Ǹ磬ճͻһĹ¶
ĽĺܲԸ⿴ˣǣĽҲûа취ð취
ջȫĻ飬ںӡǵȣ֮׷֣ԼﵽԲ
г֮⣬ƺҲѾûǣҡ
к⣬ֻ֪ǣ˽⣬Լճɾͽռ壬Խľ硣
ĸģӵ壬һҲңԶ
״̬£ٴε취򣬿űֹʥ״̬ʮľ״̬ʱմ͡
ִԽȷʵǾ޴ģ˵뿪Ǹ磬Ǹ磬ִ硣
ֻǣʱ΢΢Щ覴ãʹֵʱ򣬵ڶ󷨣һεĹơ
˲䣬ʱԩħ󾪣˲ԩħ
ԩħ׳׾һʱһӰһɢȴǲһƺڻʱ֮С
Щת䣬״ʧɫ
ʱմңƺڻ궸Ȼϯ˽ȥԭý2007ִᣬȻ䱻˶ʮ꣬ȥһŰ꣬˵ĺڻ꣬ȴ֪ȥ
Щת䣬˳˿
ͬʱҲȻĶԩħ˵պˡ
ԩħ΢΢һ֮£ȻЦ
һ˵ԩ꣬Ȼһ˿΢ϢǸ磬Ҳӵɵ۵ʵ⣬Ѿ㹻ˡ
ҪԸǿԩħҲҴ⣬ǿռѾرգʱ֮⣬κٴ򿪣ʱѾʮѾᡭ
ʱЩ˵Ŀģӵɱף飬ͨǸĴš
ʱԩħˣ˫ۺˣʱ򣬲Щ˵Ϊ׷
׿һֻۣǾϣԼһͬս
ûоܾ
޶ˣ˲Ҳˡ
̹šԩħ塢ˣԸһˣԣȴֻǺڶԿ
ⳡսΪ׵ʵѾﵽԲս֮УʥҲڱ
⼸ˣˣѾȫ
䡪
ɽ޸һѺΪʥѾģըһſŵ򣬻촷ۡ
£˵ʵ𽥵ĻָţһɳɵȻոΪΪľ磬ǲֵһᡣ
Ϊڴ壬ս֮еĳɳʮֵĿ٣Ƭ̣˾ʹӿʼʮǱࡣ
սޱȡ
һ֮ԿˣͬʮǱΪһаˣ˿̶գȴҲûˡ
ʥȫıˣ¼˵սһԽǧľ룬֮򣬽ҷ𣬳Ϊ촷ۣ
𽥵ϰ׵սģʽָӵĺ飬бǣԩħ˵ϣ
˻ûн֮ǰַǿĹףײϵܵ
ڵʮαʱ򣬳һ㶵ʱ˼ȫ
幥ĳʹԩħԩħϻ깥Ľ𽣴̻깥̹ŵĿٵأ
󹥻ͬʱ׵ϣֻÿһʱձըĿռű
׵𽣣һ֮£׵ıը˻
Ʋ
˻飬ɾľ磬ǲġ
𽣱ȴûȥ
ʮ¶˳֮һ˲䣬ȫķ
˭Ҳûע⣬ԴںϣĽǬķܣһġޡľ硣
ǵģ޵ľ磬ԽеľĴڡ
һսأһеĴڣ磬˵֮⣬ȫ⵽˻
磬˽Ǭڵ֮⣬ȫѾ׵Ļ
Ȼս޷ڤģΪڤ磬һλ档
٣һλ棬ôˣѾյˡ
ײûκε뷨˿̣״̬֮УȫĿʼŽռ塪Խ塣
ڣ׻壬컻ء
֪ѾûбҪˡ
һս˵Ѿʧˣǣʧô
ױըƺһ㣬ȫĽ˷״̬ĽȻ˲䣬ԵǣͬʱֱӵĽɣ޷ڶʱֻؽڤ硣
˷ĹźˣȴûиʲôʵԵ˺
ףȴʱٴεĻָ˱ģ
ͬǣѾûˡ
˿̣׵ͨǴ״̬ǿǿġ
ֱӽ˱˻ˣȴѹĿ
˶û˵λ棬һƬľס
ʱת⴦ڴ״̬ˡ
壬һɫɫӵĳۣԵмֲϣӥһ˫֮У͸˿˿
죬һݺݶӣ˵԰ָʹƣµˣǷһ
̹ţһܺˣϣΪʥĿ飬һֱͻ޾磬Ŀߡ
ԩħԩߣԩ꼯ǿߡ
ʥȨߣҲʥ˽Ȩߣһƺͨˡ
սһѾǻּĽ֡
׿Ƶλ棬΢΢һ̾Ϣһ壬׸λ档
͡
ְ֣Խ壬׵͸λ档
ǵģλ档
ˣ׵ǰˣѾûκεĻŵĿˡ
һԩħ
ʱ˾ɫҰ׵Ĺ
޾ǿǰˣѾԽ˾Ĵڣˣûκη
ԩħĳ˼Ұұٶֻأ
׺ȵ
ԩħл
겻ָǶоǿ߶ԣ޾ǿǰǾǿȫʧġ
ֻأǸһ·
ԩħȻл
һϣûκԥֱһԽһûУȫʧ
׵ʧա
ĿϵʱһߣȻ֣һöںϵǿ֮塣
ֻǣɫһ㶣һ˿мĹâ
һԽ嶸Ȼҷ𣬵ǵ壬ȴƿշɳʱյˣ֮ǰ˵ԩڣʱ
ɫ΢΢һһ㣬ȴ֪ϵĳɳûг
̹ţֱӵֻء
׽ȴµʹ
һжʧˣһҲƽˡ
һƬڰһƬޡ
˵ֻأһޡ
϶λĽ򣬾ֻбԼ˽Ǭ绹š
ˣϵĲᣬ˿ĬĬվţڵҹɫһƬ
ˣˣˡ
ȡ˺ľǰ磬ڳĬͬʱ뵽ǬԳ˼ο֮ɫ
գױ˽Ǭ˵ȻĽһйڻ硣
Ǭɾһλ棬һΪԽλ档
λ棬׽ӵ磬ȻںϳΪһ塣
Ŀռ䣬ܻźĵһС
ۼ̹ŵľ֮󣬴̹Ŵ׿ʼȻԺľܻһ塭
޾״̬׸лɾ֮󣬻ָ˱壬߳ԷɽΪ״̬
ڴɡ


ʮ弯 


320 Ѭ
ǿʳߵ׼棬ҲС
ɱ¾ɾħɾµһܻλ档
һλ棬ԭλ棬һУΪߵ԰浽ɽ磬磬ÿһʵô϶ְ
ĵڶλ棬ȴǽĺλ棬ﴩһְ壬Ǵڷ֮еİ壬ǿķȴʵ
⣬ȴǴӰԽܻġ
ˣ¸˷ľѪǷᣬȴȻĳΪޣͬλ档
ˣҲﵽ׵ľ磬֮£λռķ
ͼž֮״ˣ
ʶ֮״˺壬ʱ׼Ϊ׼뿪磬Ǵ硣
ȥڽǸ磬֪ģǼ֪Ҳû˵
һҲĳλ棬ͬϼһ𡭡
ңλ֮ᣬƽġ
£ûеԩħδҲûһУһ㿪ʼǣһУ׵ĹϵѾˡ
ܻٴεĺڤλϵһʱ򣬵һеĹԲԲʱ׷֣ԭĵסǼ֮еֺӵˡ
ǵƺԼΪСѡֺһʮֵС
ƺ׿˿ˣҲȻĵ˵ͷǣЦˡ
˹ʥԼʮ飬ܻΪλػʥ׵ǣһΪͬһ𣬽ǽλ棬ͬʹһԶݶȥ
һɽ壬ΪŮ塣
ڽһ꣬ˣȥŮ壬ﰲֶǵ
һ꣬Ҳִףܵ˸һٻ
ǵģŸǿʹûɡ
޷˵壬һʲôʹ֪ʥ棬λ棬ǿߡ
һϵսϾȻڸӦЩٻʱ׺ԥĸȥˡ
֮ϣ١
λ֮ϵȻµʱ򣬳׵ı壬Ѿû֪н¡
䣡
ǿʹǿʧΡ
ٵĽףգһλ档
λ׵һոȥڣһոͨ꣬һѪȾ͸ĳۣʹ׸ܵ磬һŴ硣
֪һµλ棬λ棬׷֣һ٣ȻԼȫ
ֻ˵Ǹִ꣬Ͳǿ󣬶ѡķֻҲڡ
ϲƽ񵭵Լȴϲ̽Ѱ߾İأλ磬ôأ
һһֱŬΪµһ׾Ҫе硣
Ȼ񱻷겢ǿֱֻȫ״̬ľ磬Ҳ޷ٿʮΪ׾ʮֵˬ
٣ԺôණɵĴڵģһ㣬Ѿ˷ˣңͨСǬָһССռָȻҲڣ
ûκιǣȫĵͶһµ׸оɵĸо
˹֮𽥵ĸоȥԺ֮е˼룬ͬʱҲȵķ֣λ棬Ȼ͹ƴкܶƵĵطֻнҲгɱ磬Ҳʮŷɡ
ȥ꣬׳ԭǷƽɽͽȴΪ˳ɱʬɽҰ롣
վһԺ֮е˼֮⸱ܺõں
ͬʱǬָѪȡ֮״ȡһżƷĹԪ׼һΣ֪ΪĻ׼ԽΪԽ֮£Ϊ
ҪһУԺ֮е뷨ȱҪһľ硣
Ǭָ֮УֻнٿŵļƷԪһЩͨԪʯԼһױȽͨսףϾָѾõĺ٣û뵽ᱻٴλ׼֡
һѾ㹻ˡ
һżƷĹԪ㹻ϴˡ
ЦЦǽɫļƷԪȻԪʯ򵥵ĲһƷػʼ
ⷬʱ䣬Ҳĺķҹ
Ȼյǰڸ֮󣬿ʼǿš;ҫ̫顢塢Ρ涽ҫţһٳ
ʣ׵ʣҪǿ̫࣬ˣڼ䣬Ҳûʲôʹԡ
ͬģ֮УѾ׵ļ˵ãһε˺ܶ·ֱӵĽ쾳磬⾳磬Ѿˡ
ʵѾˡ
Ǭָ棬һױȼ۲޻սףȻֻһƷսףҲѾ׺ˡ
ǵ浱ϵģȴ˴˿̵·
׵Ѫȡ֮Žȡڲ󷨺ųɽȥ
һܾʵ磬ȻŽɱҲŻʵ۴ڣʫʸ踳ȣܷС
磬̬ʮֻϲġ
ңûκε뷨Ǻúõһء
˿̣һƬҹǰԼĳŴ򶷵Ľ⣬ǰȴһ
״˿̵뷨ҪϴΪϴ֮ĳɳͱ仯ʮֵĴ󣬶ϣɢŹĶ
ǣ˴򶷣ȴһɿϷζǱȥˡ
Ӱ鶯һױƮ˺ԶǣǹɶȴƮĸԶ
ĽˣȻķ֣ԭԶ򶷵ģȻʤѩŮӡ
òʮֵľˣҲʮֵĳֻˣǱϵζѬˡ
ü𡭡


321 ң
֮սʮֵļң˵òҲȷʵʮֵľˣʮ
ľŮһòʣаĶ
Ϊһӵ̬׻ǿıȽƽģֻǱһ͵̬ڿ
Ϊ׳ںϺ˳һĸо
Ȼ׾ԶΪ׼һˣԻȵôˡ
˿Ϊʮְ࣬ҴѪĳѾ˰ɫѪҺѾ֮ɺ·ֲУͷһѣĺȻҲмֶơ
Ƚԭߣ˿׵Ϊϴ裬ݶ׳Ǳ߸߳˽ʮףһװ˵ˣԭЩ׸֬꣬ΪԪЧʹϵ׸֬ȫʧˡ
˫ĿϵѾСĳۣǳ¶ĽѾʹһؤ
׵ʵϴ֮ǳ׵磬ҲԺ֮е֪ȫš
ȷʵһŷɵʱ磬һʫʸ踳Ȼ书˼£ǿյġ
νգ׿ʵܵٻѡ
Ժ֮Уյ飬ĺ嵭ƺҲûôһ죬ȻʦƽɽʵҲȷʵǿ
ֻǣɽܲҡͬģѾɱĿǰȫĺûκεĹϵ
ɽֻҲ޷ʶµˡ
磬׷ĵһеĸо˵εھúõһˡ
磬ǿʳ磬˵ɱ¾˵ıԣ󲿷ֶǺõģɱ¾飬Ҳġ
׶ھ֪쾳ѾﵽˣôϣʵҲǴﵽ˿쵽۷״̬ˣҪʱ򣬶޻սǿԼԼİԽͽûеֵġ
ԣһҲȥˣ˼ֵĿС
ͬʱ׵ûǿֻиǿĵ󣬴ӱһǿ֮׾ãһֱȥûκȤԡ
ߣһֱȥһһ׻ȥ׷İɣǺϿϵѾȫķˡ
Ǻ쳾쳾֮ȥ˿̵ףһõĸɮ󣬷Ͷһ
λŮüͷ׻Ǹܵ˵ġ
Ȼһʵ賿״ִ̬кͳⲢӰ׵
Ȼˣ׵ҲģɴװͿԵ֡
װûпһһһյĳԱȥŮսȫûзϡ
ĽˣѬˣϣϴ裬ǽȫĴӺë˳ʮ֮õʣָǶôľˣ
ͬģζһΣһǲˡ
⽣ӰŮ·ڣ㺹ܣȴҲܲ
Ȼ˵ʶȽϸߣû¶ĵĿ⣬ֻüͷøˣǺȻס˺
һֱŵŮˣȻʱ׷װ֣Ȼһźȥ
ȻҲǳȥģѾһءһ˺ˮ档
͡
ױһ£ˮ˾ģ
׸̵ӽ棬ʱоͬˮġ͡ˡ
硪͵Ĵ˸磬׺Ȼ߲ԶŮɵɵĿԼ
۹⣬ȷʵʮ㶵Ĳ˼顣
׳ȫʶȻ˽ⲻȴǲʲôģ˵ˣʷйƴһǶ˽ϵͳѡ
ײʲôףԹԵ·ϴ
꣬ǲ
һݺһ㶯˵̾һֿһۣĿƽȴһֿϧ
ע⵽Ůӵͷʮͨȴ˵֮ʵƺҪ·һ֮󣬾Գ˾˵ĵԡ
ݵ޳ǹȣûа֬ʹӵ
׺Ȼִ֣֮нѳԻָ˱ԣȴҲ׳Ĳ̬Ͼں˱˵ʶһϸ΢ĸı䣬Ҳġ
״˿̴쾳磬Ϊ̫ǿֱӵķ豹ˡ
һĳԪӤڵĸֻ֣ûܿ
ҲԵúƽʵҲŮ̾Ϣ
һŮӣȴǱ¶İòһ£Ȼû뵽лӣԭôᡣ
ǣ׵ӰϾСΪɭӴ󣬶ζܿʧˣҲµĿʼ˺
׵ˮƽܿˣӵʦֵˮ׼
˿ûںˮϴֻذŮңߣҿ㻹ܣ
ѣٴΣʦƺ˻࣡㣬Ҳ붯ңһǳɫŮ˵
ŮȻȽϱǲͬʮ޳΢һҪһ㡣
ͨ˵̸ǼסˣǸΪԼʲĴŮжѣ۾ƺ˵ԼġòŮң
书࣬ʮָǳȴʮֵĺ飬бν˲òࡣ
΢΢һ⽭ȻΣյĵطĳǣô
ܺãǼңȻһĨɫĺʱӲһİ׿ɵܸӦġ
ⰵ㶾ĵɫâֻҪƤ˲
ȴͬһЦ޳ָݡһһټסöһĴ㶾Ȼݡһѷ˻ȥ
ңͬɫأȴǾѪ˿ףߣɣ
ɫεѪ˿ף׳˵ģҲʱ֪һ˿ףɫΣȫȴӵǿĹͷǿȭһ
ңеĽһǵ룬˻ȥ
ǺһٴαĶ룬ѵĽײ˳ȥȴƽĺ֮С
һ£˶ͣˣɵɵĿǷµĶ롣
׻ھۼһǱܵһռ䣬ʱŷԼһСˣҷ粻ͬòˡ
ɿЦ
֮壬Ѿ㶾ˣҵ˴壬ںϣҲǰٶֵġ
ײ¶ȥֻԻȣ˶ѡ
ǷҲûȫĶ׼ףûܣһº󣬻æĴӺˮε˰ߣȻ˰
׵ӵҲϴɾˣӤļĻñ˸ŹͭɫĹʡ
ģճϣϥ֮¿ʼ¶棬ͣһֻ
ڵͷԴϣܲϵˮ
ʱϱģײŷ֣磬мֺ䡣
Сӣû°ɣǶѯʵ
Слӣû¶ȥַȥϽ뿪Ȼ´ֻûôõˡңҲ˵
ߣŮˣʹİ˼˵ң
Ůˣ
У

˸˵꼸䣬ִӵϴϣִϴ˿У㺹첻ֺ
һʯͷԣҲû뿪ôս


322 ӺؤĹ
˵Ľȷʵܲ⽣УСӵһ©ٳһ
Ҳûѣʵԭʼɭ֣źżŮҲǺܿһ¡
̬ͬˣκ鶼ܡ
λˣǶˣŪ㶫԰ɣټ򡣡
Ц˵ȴֻһûлػ
ЦˣȻλСˣǴܾˣܻˣ粻ˣҷ˰ɡ
׸˵꣬ȻоɽԼʱ󾪡
ʵܸоɽһһңԼн׵ľ룬ûԼΪ¶¶ŵģ
䣡䣡
һ£Ȼ׷֣ѾԼһ׵Ĵ󹵣νǾ춯ذ
ЩɵۣȻŮȷʵûɱ˼ҲΪ֮ǰĻŭˣٺֻŮ˻治ˡ
˸ûȤͬʱҲ뵽ҲԣԼһؤݣŮӣȷʵҲԼ
һ룬̬ҲȻˡ
ȻûԼǱϾȷʵǸݵ硣
ȨʵǸһȵĶ
ţȴһεĴ֮˿
ǽңŮӣֻǲмЦЦ㲻һлӣʲôϲңҪϲңҲó㱾Լȥˣʹϲ㣬Ҳסҡ
ǶȴȻСлӣôֺɣҪô಻ʵʵĻ롣
˵ĻҲûи̫ĴʹϾֳʵ
ĬĬĵ˵ͷȻλӣ͸ˡ
˵˵ͷѵõĴһ¡
ӳһӵȥɣһӣúõԺؤˣڻôᡣ
ϵһԪԪʮʮǶ٣൱ִһԪǮˡ
ĬĬ˼ɭֺûǰߡ
ʱ˶΢΢̾Ϣ
ʦãҲ֪ɣɴǽлӺһɣ㱣˶ʮŮиУңЦ
òмįȷʵڽӣգʦǻΪұģʱ򣬾ʦһˣ
Ҳܱʦʹ죡
ңЦ˵Ȼ־ãô꣬ȻҪǶˣзʧȥʲôһ
û˵ֻǵǽлҲһˣαȡЦ֮ĳԹֺα˼޹Ƕ룬ɱҲûлȥϵӸҲ˼ˡ
ңЦޣǻԳΪѣԶܵġ
ĬĬƬ̺ʦˣְɡ
ңüͷ΢壬οɡ˵꣬ңһݣеĽݺݳŶѵزȥ
ǾһɲǣֻһŭΪʦˣֵķݣ
˵ꡰ֡һңʦʱңĽ
ʱ׵Уһ꿴ԼĪʮŮӺȻٷٶȷʵΪˡ
֮֮ңߡ
Ůһ£һɺƣһ۾ͿŮˣҪңֶ̫࣬Ҳʮ˵á
ŮЦңΪʦŹ棬㻹ϰĲ
ңһɫѾҰףʱ忪ʼ
ŮЦкȻһɫһıӣৡݺݵĳңıϡ
ңʱڵϷʹģʵ˾ġ
ƺƵŮӣֶʵΪ֮һֶζͽ˺ɼһߡ
ǣ׳֮еƣ֮еƺӣȴһͰ׸߸ϵĺʥˡ
ûκξɫҲûͼѣΪǰûκλᡣ
ѣܽȥˣڲ򽣾𣿡
ߣһû˵
Цɱһ˵ԺҲûˣ
ʱң촽ԳѪ˿ȴû˵
һӣеĳ޶ʱӲԲݵͬһ
ɫĵĹâȾһƬɱ⡣
֪ٲֻ֣ĻɱˣŮӣԼ
ʱҲʾԼʵĬĬӵʯͷС
˲䣬ֻáˡһ죬ɫ䣬ʱ
˭λǰβһ
ʵʮ𾪵ģʦ۷徳֣Ǳһˣɼʵ֮ǿʵǷ˼ġ
һ˵ţȴԸٶȳˣΪĲ࣬ѵֿͲֿ𲢲
Ѳ־ܣһαȻûκηʶΪֳ̫죬һΣһ˲侹Ƿٺ죬Ƶʽ졣
ݡ
һٵʯͷƿؽȻҲǿƿʯͷģʯͷķ෴һʵҲѾõģȻת˶ѡ
֡
ۼֿ죬ۼöʯͷԼüģ֪Ѿ޷ˣסĳöʯͷ
ʯͷ͹ײƽһɫ΢䣬ʱһѪ
ʦ
ңʧɫŬվţƲסˡ
Ѵ˿ȴûг֮ΣΪҲ֪ʹˣʵ̫ûаɱ˵ģԣѼ˲ͷɭ֮ȥǳ׵ķ
һץס׵죬ǽķɱûеֿôſ񱼣Ϣ֮еŮ˵ĵ㣬һԵĸж
ʵƽ磬ȴŸ˸ж顣
磬ĺ˼
ʦ
Զңһѹĺףȴ֪ƱԼûʲô󰭣Ҳ˶ʱ޷׷
룬괫˻ºϣ˱֮أüѪ
ֱ쳹ƺңУմеĺɫ֪
æȻȴﻹʲô
ͬʱҲףǿĸ֣ǶѾͷߵˣʱз̹˲١
Ѿͷңߣûһˣ
ңȴĬĬ˵
ƺȻ̾ϢһǶܽŮˣʦַɣôʹٶȫĹڣֻʣһͽΪʦôϸҲΪһͳڣ
ֻǣǼҲϣŮɱʦͽȻһͳڣǻãߣ
ʦͽףΪʦǹڶ༸ͽأ
㲻ǲʦʦˣȻʦؿţʵϣʦУʼնڵͽ䣡ĿģֻΪ˺Ǽ˶ĹڶԿѡ
ƽţֿ˼ңϽԼʦ
ʦҪϿˣȻûѵãȥɱСˣ
ʦ㣬ס֮ޣҲסܽصͽܣԲʲôöɱԻ󣡡

ǣʦͽףңᶨĵ˵ͷ

׳ɭַΧ˿߰ɣɭ֣Ҳȫˡ
׺ΪŮ˵ȾҲûеطȥǮҲãһ߰ɡ
ѱܾǿԴǿУ֮ǰΣѵʱûԼĬĬĵ˵ͷҲãϣΪðѣҪѬˡ
ૣ˵ʲôȴû˵
ǰ棬ذ׶޳ıӰףĬĬţȴЩ̾
һ߸ϵӣһؤ˿ߵһ𣬻ǰײţڣˡ


323 
ɭ֮·۵СܴʮӲݣһʱڣӲмֿݻƣǺԣû͸
峿Ӳ͸¶Ҳһĺ⡣
ǰߣеĽĲϻʱһԵıٳ·¶˳
Ѳûеʦͽ׷ǷɿĽ·˳
Ȼʵ˵ãһذ׵ĳ·ҲѾʪ˺ܴһƬմȾ˲ӲݲмͻҳʹŮԳ˼ַ糾ζһֵķ˵ζ
ĬĬĸڶѵĵȷʵǸùԼ磬ʲô˲λŮء
ʱ׺ȻЦˣƺԼȥˣ΢΢һЦ
Ȼ׼ż׷һŮζ
ҹģôȾһɽأûлͷʵƺǸܵ׵Цݡ
˺һȺһüˣѵõ˳Ҳ֪ʲôˣ
ô˵ֻһĻԶѣҲȥ׳ݣֻԼ
Ȼ˶Ǻ֮ˣխ֮Ҳ֮ģɱ˻飬Ҳټ
üͷ΢壬Ҳ㲻һؤֻʦô
׵Ȼͽ𣿿ϧʦѾˡ
ǸˡЩϧĵ
ްҲϰˡ
Цȷʵ챾Ͳ磬ʲôԵġ
оֹѣҲ̹ĿбӣöѶؤ΢΢ЩøС
һ·ţȻһ·ĳĬȻһݵĸıϴ󣬶Ҳ𽥵ӦԲûж˵
ĬԵŮӣȴƺҲǵһѵСܵܶѡ
һӲ·СɽһȽϿĹٵϡ
˿ɫѾЩˣĺɫĽ𣬹ٵ𽥵ˡ
Ȼ࣬ҲѾԵмˡ
˿̶ǰ棬ɫѾָ˹ž޲뵭ľǧ̬֮ȣ˷׷ײӣһñԲλơ
еûʲôоҲ֪ǰǷˡ
һֵӣǷ
һ㣬ӹӶׯϵĹٵԼǱȽۣͿԿ
ԶԶģ۴αȵĴС¥׵֮УΡɫǽ˷ɣƣ桮֣Ҳʮֵľơ
оɹ⣬׺Ȼ䷢֣ʫʵлŹϣЩȵĸоֹͬϣȻ
ָܣȻһĶζȻкȻһʫʡ
۽࣬
ȷʵ׸ܵ֡⣬⣬ǴȻⰡ
ô˿̣׷ãԼ˿̵Ȼĸ򣬲Ϊ̶Ȼġ
ʱ򣬶ѺȻתһ۵ӿȻ֮ʣǱϰ䣬ֻ²ʮ꣬ܵÿգշˡ
׶ڶкøУǸͦεظһѣȻ뷨ЩȷʵΪе뷨
Ŀƽͣ¶״ЦȻȻϲȻ޾һܣֺαؿȥ׷ѰʲôأʮޣһշΣ֮ûкİŮӳ£ûд֮ʣʲôĿԣ
֮СŮидֻΪβ׷Ѱ֣֮ʱ˼֣ϰ֮ˣܻϣֺϧʮ꺮˵ĲܾŷӸԼ͵Щ
׵ֻഺ٣ȴѾ͸飬ʮ֮֮£ʤһαԭõļ֮жʮļ䣿
ߣܶණݼŵģҪѧϡϡǰ
΢΢Цţĵѣ֪Ҿ׷Ѱɵʥİ壬ͻƺ󣬲ġ
΢΢һ㶣ȴԳһĨѵõԲĺΣͬʱĵ˵Ƥ񣬹Ĩϡ㣬ֻһ书ǱƼˮ꣬Ҳ
գȴ̾˵ĶԣۿƼˮ꣬ҲΪЩִǾԼĻеļȥֻ粢ǰ̫ƽ
׵˵ͷ֪Ϊ¶ǷȻ֮⣬öεļס˼һ˲䣬ӶЩȶ
ʵϣҲһûмʶ˵ŮѣȻжʮ꣬ʵϳʦ֮󣬱һֱ׷ɱң˲ûк̫ĽӴ
ԣҲʶĵһˣͬʱΪ֮ǰıȶɱףԶĴһΡ
ҲһӰŮˣԸлһԭ
֮ײżʶСķ
·̷̯СũͷӣǼԺӭ¥ȵطΪġ
ģò֡
֮˷׷ױܿƽ˺ͽǻôԵģ׵ǵһ
ײûںɫ񣬾ׯʱ򣬶Ѵ˽ȥ
һɫг۵꺺ӣһԱװƲֺ룬С˫ڼѺ۾һ
λС㣬ѡʲôأⲼׯµĳУɳ˿ƥҲС
꺺ӺڵĽţ̬ҲʮֵǫرǿǷһɱĹϵĽ󣬸ǲʲôдܡ
ѵ˵ͷϲׯϰĻλѡһ׺ɣѡһ׳ѥҳˡ
˵ʱ򣬶ʶԼǮ͸ˣɫ˼ֲȻ
ԭڹۿŲƥļŮԣɲĿһۣ۹⣬ŵζЩ
ѵõģѵĲȻɫȴΪ顣
˲䷴ӦЩ죬۾ݺݵһۡ
Σ۾Ŀ˶һۣƺ˵İŮ·ҳǮˣġ
ƺ׵һһ졣
ݵḶ́ȴñΪüĿء
С㣬㿴ͷʲôϡŹֵ鶼УĽлӣҲ˿ۡ
С䣬˵ʲô⹫ǵģʲôлӣһŮ
ǽСѾͷֿһۣŷ׵òƺȷʵȽϿݣͷҲ˵ˡ
ţλӣ룬ʣȥλѡ׺õ·ɱˡ
աӣ롪
һ׳ʵСӴ׽ãȴעĿŮһۣȻŮӺ

׻һɫװ֮ҲǻȻһˣµһ˫ҰɫĲѥʹ״żʵĳ
ĺڷһ˿ͷȦ֮ഹϸʹ׶һƮݵζ
ңΪȻ񵭣ͭɫļִŵĴֿ񣬽üĿӣһɱ֮㣬òȫĳ˳
òѾԭò˰˷ˣΪں֮ϴĺܸɾҲûôˣëʹ׿ʮֵӡ
һֻһݵ꣬һĴϸĿֻۣоажϡ
˿װװ֮ǽʵС㶣Ųò̾ӣòѹӻᴹ࣬ԭӹȻһˣСȷʵ׾ˡ
΢΢һЦȴЩΣ̫ǿʹѾʮȫķ豹ˣ״̬Ȼ޷ڲء
Ȼ޷ι⻷
ЩԵõţҲԼԼ


324 
΢΢һЦûнʲô
Ű߳ʱ׿ǶסˣǲׯϰԱ⣬ǽСѾͷŮӶ۾һ΢΢Щ㶡
ⶼǺܶݵһĻǰݵһĻȴǺܺò׽ġ
ѻعȻĿԼãԭؤĲؤ
Įò֮£ʵһͬŮģ׿ҪŮӵģʵĲѡ
Ůˣȴһȥ۰ĳ嶯
׶Ŷһº͵ЦݣŶԲׯϰϰ壬ˡ
ϰһͣӹȻٷ硢Σ֮ǰȷʵ׾ˡ
˵ŻԴǸĹʾһ£ֻ΢΢ͷϰ岻ؾ񡣡
ϰ΢΢һ£һһӣ಻á
ҲֱͳöʮĴӽֵϰ塣
ϰۣһؾӡ
һУѵߵѣһ߰ɡ
üȴҧҧ촽ûзŭȴʵ̫ˣֻǿ㳤֪࣬ƭ˶Ůӡ
Ŷȴ׵ǰ棬׸Ͻĸ
˵ɲŮò֮·
ŮӺѾߣȴҲϴһξ롣
ǿͷ˵ĸ棬ʵȻ˵ãĦĴϣȴû̫⡣
С㣬⹫ôСʵ
С䣬ѵã˺ͳӺôСȻѹĺܵ͡
΢΢һֻ֪׳òŮȴУƺ׳ʶѱ׳ļ䣬ȴʶŮӡ
Ȼһʱ뵽ƽɽԼԼĴ棬ƺѾˣѲɡ
˼ţģиģǺŮȷʵмơ
΢΢׵̣˲ˣŮӣŮˣ棬ҲûֻǴ˿ȴǸˣΪɽʼеˡ
׳󣬻еû˽ᰡԼǲǸðʲôأƱؾ֮СˣȻɣⷴˡ
͸һ㣬΢΢Цˡ
ǰĶѣȴһ㶼Цʱмּɵˡ
Ƽˮ꣬ˣǾʹ˷ֱɡһҿջǰ󣬺Ȼ˵
ԣһ뿪㣬ֻǹֻ׷ˣʱΣˡ
һůߣֻңҲαأ
˱Ƚϴ˵뵽취ӹһءЦ
㻹Կ䣬ֻھ˿ڻģʲôˣ㻹߰ɣȻѾĻֻǻɱҲ˵˵
ȴ֪˵滰ȽŮӣȻĵزȷʵϲŭ޳鲻ãһʧ־Ļɱ˵ġ
ȴˣĳҲν֮ǰ˵Ϊ쿪أҲ֪Լһ𵽴棬޵ļ죬úõһһʮã
˲˼ȡ˵ˣ׷ģǵĻỹǺܴ󣬵ǴĻͱȽ鷳Ȼ˵ȴ˵ΪȤֻ˼Ź֣ƺˣֻ¸ҳôȥ㱾ԲõĻɱ㡣
Ļȴû˵ײԹɫȴɲǾŮ˵뷨Ҳ˵ˡ
ó˿Ȼһѵ֣档
۶⻬֣ȻѪ˿ףǲӰܡ
ⷬͻȻȶѷӦ֮򣬵һʱ֪ǷŭǸó֣΢΢˫Ŀŭ
ĵͽӣȻͿʼֶˣٸҾնֽţ
׽ģţһŮ˼ҵȥҲǹٵ飬·ҲˣҲðһˡԸǺڰɡ
˵꣬תſջ˽ȥܿʧˡ
ѣȴ㶣һʱ䲻֪ʧ仹ǿ飬˺ð졣
µӷ˻еĲҿջ

˿̣׵û̫뷨𽥵𽥵Ķ˲١
ңҪȥҪ˽⡣
Ȼ׳ˣǵ壬׾ãҪΪʲô
һܾʵ磬ʱȴһЩ߰˼룬úõĸӯȻûԽΪʱĸǿң׺ˡ
ţ׸״̬ǿ𽥵˷Բ׵ľ룬ģ壬ЩԲƬ̣Ӱ첢
㣬ײⷽеˣһʮĴ̰٣Ҳǲ˵һ°Ű޶ܵⷽ
΢΢һЦ֮˼н֮аԼʮһǧһŵƱֱȡ˻֮Ǭָ֮УȻ˸۷󷨣һ
׾ãʱԼһˡ
Ǭָһ޻꽣޻ս׵ģ⽣ҪóһܰĿռƣòõġ
ȽӴ֮ʦ£׻һǧһ˺ԼڽʯĽܻǲġ
Ȼ׿⽣ǺǶеĽҲѾ̫ˣԣں֮ܶУĽҲˡ
֪㳣֣׺ˬĸǮ֮󣬱˽߳С
ʶεŷ֣ԭȻЩ޷ںһ
ӿܶ˷׷׽ţһȥӿҲżԶ
Ⱥ֮УӣҲʿ׷׾Ƿһ
뵽֮ǰӦģŷ֣ԭ紨ͷƽʲôѡҹ֮ıԡ
ײȻһЦԭһѻóŮĳҹֻҪŮӵϿɣһ׷
һһѣ죬죬ǰճˣɵˣ
Ȼ漴ҲϽĸȥƺȫûϹһ׵𷢴ˣȳȥ˵ǾòҲҪ࿴ۣѵã
Ϊֱ׵ĻȾҲ⶯ȷʵŴļԺۻǵһνأ
̨ôƺ
ţֵγƺ
ס
һһᡪһ߲ϵĳ˳ӵһ
һһᡪ
ѧŵģҲʼӵԭŵһˣתͷǸߴĸӺڽɫ彣ٿƺƤЦⲻЦɫʱ̽ҪĴֿڸֹסˡ
ŵ˼ǽԼ·Ʒʮֲײ⡣
ܿ죬ױһߵľʴ¥ǰֹ¥ζǳǿң֬ˮ۵ζҲ쳣ŨûΪһȺȺ˵ĺ
ӣǰ汻һȺȫ滹ӵϣƺе˶
ſʼɣһС⼸ȱǵصʱˣ
ǽҪƵŮݺݺһǳۺɫĳۣȹһһܺÿ°ڣ͹µģѾ¶֬һļѾ˵òˡ
ǣͷϵǵصĺɫɴסգ֣ǹ嵭ķ㣬ĵĶ͡
ֻ΢΢Ӧһ£ò̾Ůˣȷʵܲ
ǣУҲǲѣȽκһλŮӣԶɫŮӣ˼̻ȴʲôеĸоˡ
׵ŮӣЩ糾ģĶ
ȻĶҲﲻľأ׵Ŀ


325 ֵľ硤ɱ
ûνģֻĵ˳㿴ռλʫʸ踳ķչΡ
УĽк֮ϵĴ棬һۺɫ۵ݺݺһܴŹϵٱߣߵĿһۣȻַֻǹϡ
ʱ±߶ʱȻкȻ˲ȫİʱҲûӵˣԶİվš
ΪŮ˵о̾ͬʱǱܵģ׳ԶһۣȻһϤӰվ
ˣǶѡ
׻ͷüһװĿ𴦣Ҳס
аЦѾͷװģģԼ֪Լ˶֪
ʱƽĿһۣ׷ЩʧСŮ̬ȴЦˡ
ⲻǲĴô
׺ȻЩ緢
ˡ
Ȼ䣬ѶĹϣʳƢӡ
Ӿһ̣Ȼô˵飬˲֮
һȻˣҪΪԼȫĸ壬ԶȻ׸̾ҲʮֵĶʮЩµĻ롣
ȻҲֻǴһֲЭĸоҲĸо
Ȼò˵һ֮ˣܽӵôˣѾܲˡ
һϣҰ˶˳ֻףŴ߳˱˰ͷкȺĸоΪͷβֻǼ򵥵ĵ˵ͷδ̫
һֵǿߣһ˲䣬׽ǿߵѾ̬
ףһװ˶ߣŴ˿ձƫ͵ΣȺ֮Уע⣬ѡ
㣬һϣȻһɫУ¶ŰСѾߴ¥˳ֱӵ׵ǰ
λӣݺݺС롪
ȻĵôҵԼأҲŮӹȻ
֣ȻţɱҴְŶʱϲ;ַͬһ㣬Ȼ
ҿǴǲŶԣʲô֣·СѾߴһɣһҪɱ˵ģŵߵ˵׷õ
ҲЩʿʮֲģⶼûбȣôȥأ
ʱҲſ߹ŵĲĽ
Ӵԭӻ˫ȫأ롣
СѾͷҲûƽϣȻҲܸоĲ⡣
Ŀ֮µ紨¥ȻȥӦѵʱ׷ЩƺЩʧ䣬ȴûԳ̫ġ
ףҲֻǶԼôøжѣʮ⡣
ѹƣҲȥʲô׵׼
ָСŮݺݺ̡ݺݺ˵ǫԹ
΢΢ͷƺָ֮£ʱʹһƬȻ
ѾʼˣٴҹŮӣȴĿɶͿˡ
ײ̬ȣ΢΢Ȼ֣ΪģΪȻ磬кܶˡ
ݺݺȻźɴȴȻĿһԸꡣ
ˣҲ
׵ȣȻľ磬ںȻľ磬ٽţǳȻľ硣
ȻΪȻ֮Ϊܹ֮󳾣γȻأǷìأݺݺʵ
ĵŮӹȻ򣬶¥˵ʱҲ׷ײ¼˵ҲΪ׺
׵Ǿ仰ûдﵽ־磬Ȼ޷ǲìأݺݺСֵľȻ֪ˡ
ݺݺЦǷѾﵽֳȻľأ
׹ЦҪǳȻΪλأǳȻݺݺòҲѽ
򵥵ĵЦʱǵ˷׷׺Ȳʡ
ݺݺȴǺߵһЦ˵Цֻǣܷһݺݺһ¹Ӹ߳ټأ
ĵͿ˸ЦŮӾͱĸʩѹŮӹȻҪĺá
عͷȻĿһۣԶԶģ׵Ŀڶ֮Уһ˿Һգͬʱֵһףһ䡮öˡĻ
漴ջĿ⣬ʱݺݺѾÿ˹ٵλá
ڹЩʲô嶼ˣﻹںһ֡
ǣʲô£Ȼǻȫĵȥģⵯ٣˵ǵݡ
Уϲִǡ֪ӣ΢˼ܵӵ̣Ȼһ£ڹǰ
ںϣı˫ֵָۣĲŪһҡ

תһͨĲʱʹױȵħһ̣ƺ˵꣬һ¡
ÿˣʱȫİݺݺƺ꣬һˡ
׵ģȻǷĴƵݣϸƮա
һļ򵥵кͺ໥ײĲʹ̽Ƭ̺ʵĸı䡣
˵ﵽ
ǿ£Ȼ£ȷʵǳԽȻ淴Ȼ淴һ
ʵڲֵһȽӣҲתνʮǡڶһе˿Ѿһּˡ
ټѾȫĴﵽ֮ǰ˵֣ԽȻľˡ
򵥵һܿȥ״ָ֮лָ˹ʱ򣬸оԼľ磬ֱӵĴ쾳磬ﵽˡ
ԪмԵʣҲȫ֮ⷬ磬׸˵ǿ˺ֹٱ
һȴ̫ĺ䶯
Ӽˣʿ׷ۣһ޺Ϊ˵̬
ң˲ſڴˣһѾ˵ãٿе彣ѾûΪûǿĺ̨ûִ֮ģƬһٺ󣬷ĳȻҪݺݺ飬Ҫһ׷
΢΢һЦվʱݺݺĿ֮еֿȣʵľ
ŴȻֻҪвţŮȻ
Ѿ̾ˣݺݺǹ̵壬ѾĻС
ݺݺĸͷ
ݺݺĸͷ
ʱ˷׷׵ĽԭΪСѾͷʱҲɫ˺Σ΢ЦҸĽĿݺݺ
ʱ׵΢΢һȴȻܵӰٵĳ߳˹Ϊʱö뼫ٵ׺ݺݺٶ֮죬ֱ˼
һȴû̫⣬ΪǿȵĴɱǱֳԤ֪Ļ鷳ͻˡ
׹һЦûƿݺݺͷɴֱӵݺݺ͵ȻȻǰ㡣
ݺݺ΢΢ЩǷָУȴʮܡ
ͷ£ȻزѹݺݺϣȻͷɴ֮µϡӣ촽˹ȥ
Ŷ
ۡ
㶯ֱ˻㵱ڱݣʵʮֵĴ̼
ͷЧǱȲͷɧ
ͽӣлӣߣ޳ܣɣ
ѺȻһţŵߵһȺһĵŮôͺȻˣٿĿʣʱԭŮ˲
нһֱ֮ǰ׵֣ԭס
Լ֪ԼΪʲôôջĵŮ˹Լƨ£
Խ룬зԽǲġ
ȻƺӦΣգ͵ĳ׿˹ȥȻǵ˫۶ȻɴǾ֣

ѴһȻһеͳ˹ȥ
֪Ĳ֪һ̣ԭǸˣѾôˣ


326 ҹ
źɴȻĸܵݺݺǽ۵ķ֮Уζһ£ȥʱ򣬻סݺݺʱҲ˼֡
ݺݺһҲ˲ôڳıס׵˿ͬŻȼһ㣬¹ײڴŶ෢ʲô
ǣܵģܻӭ£ֻһ˿ã¡
֪һ̵Ѿ׵С
ףѾǷĶ룬ȥѹݺݺǵʱ׵Ҳλôһ
Ǽɫ֮˶Ůһǰ߶ĺȻһȴֱݺݺܿǶ롣
öȻռһɽˮϣʱΪⶾ룬ı졣
ϴŵľҲʮֵǿ˲飬ʹ¥ϵ˾Ǵʧɫ
Ȼ֪ȴҲȻ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ʱѾǶ˹գգۡ
Ѿϲӣ׵Ķ˸ۺ󣬶ʱٵĳ˹紨ʱҲ
Ⱥ֮Уܳª꺺ĬĬĿ¥ϵһУпŭĵĻʧ֣
ȻʧˣҲٲ˵ʲôˣֻ´Ѱᡣ
˺һŲֵֿһͬȥ
źͨߵȸûʲôɫҪǣһƤڴֲڣһ˸㣬۵ˣκ˿һۣûȤڶۡ
ǣΪ޷죬ȴ类װ⵽ˡ
׵֮εǿ󣬴˿Ȼ¶ʵǶݶ֮ˣҲȻϷŹ
΢һ˼ʱųһֱ֮ն͵Ļȥ

˺Ȼ䱧ͷһҺȺĴ󾪵ķ˿˿ʶһ룬ʱ㳯ŶԷ޳ֶ֣θǶ
ԭעĿ飬˿һ֣ﻹлӵƬ̣㱻紨ĸܡ
˻عѶۼûлᣬʱҧƲںĶҩʱɱ
ֵЩƬ̴׶˹ıܺȥʵҲֻôһ
¥֮Ϻ󣬼˱ܣתŭĵһۣҲ˵ֱӷ˸¥תȥ
οЦԱߵݺݺȴĿףкЦҲߡ

ƻ٣ֵƳϡ
ҹСҹľʡ
ڷᣬﻶմδϾݺݺѾԻｻид
ûж޺Ƶ޾ףȴ͵ƵĻԼ¥ŮӵĻ
Ϊ˵ĺ֮ܶѾ쳾ˣЦǷŵĺܿҲܴκһǶ¡һˡ
Ҳ𽥵ףκεʵģģĴӱȥ
καʣʼˡ
ףٽ꼸ǺģΪ׷ʱ򣬴û
£Ѿķˣãͬݺݺ˵Ҳ޼ɵȴžӷ緶
Ϊ˷ΣʵūлϲĽҹԸҹ̸οūҵļįأݺݺݺ˵
ָ޴ݣŵ㽿Ķ΢ζӨļ͵֮£ĵ
ͬʱںڵһشˮĴͰ⣬Ѿ¶˳
˰ѾԻ׷ƷУѾ۷¥ͷŮݺݺ
ݺݺĻ΢΢һֻȣһϲѹƵˣҲһľӣ˵ףҲֻһαӡ
ǳɫױ֮£ǰȻ΢Цţ¶
ָͷһЦᵱһɽС˷͵֡ʵҵȻ֪棬ӵôİأ
ݺݺ˿ֻ׵ĻôĶôһЦȴѾЩ
ǶǴ˿̣ݺݺŲĵζӰ׵ǰ
ᶯڵ̴ľεʱͦβƺҲž˵ħʹѹĳ嶯
׵ľܺúǿҲܸܵ紨ڲƬƬϸϸǽϵŷҲΪܸȾһҲ
Ƿŵ֮ˣΪûǣϲŭ޳޼ɣҲɱ˱ɱˣ¥¥
Ҳ׺ܡ
ֱӹĵĻŷŵ͵Цȴֻ⵽ݺݺĿĽܻӭģʹݺһ
˿ףѾִָжıԣʵǿˣҲˣûй˼ɣﻹʲô
ݺݺ£־ͺݺݵһĴβ
˵ĵԣʮֺõָУ׵ģһ
ݺݺȫһ£Ȼ󾪺һֱӵĿ׵ĻС
Ҳ֪ΪΣףȻǰ˹һ㣬׵ЦĻôĶ
ʫ䣬ôɫơ
ᵱپһɽСţҲֻλĲ书黭ͨĿ˶дʫ
βһƣһɵݺݵĻģ᲻𾢶
֪磬ϱͿʼ˷ֲ棬˳κϱЩʫ֮⣬εʫȫûдڣνʫʵȣȻҲм֮Ǵƪ࣬ңΪЩأʫʵȸɶг֣ȴ졣
ױݺݺβԼм䣬ܸܵϴĻȡ
ûײ֪ԭһ˶ҲΪ⡣
ֽݺݺţַһֻСİҹⱭ֮ϣƢľˮȴȲϴķ㡣
ǴЦ⣬ĵѹֹŴĲϲ¥ȷʵӼˣҹ̸ȷʵзϰ
ʱ֮ǰС澣˿ȴִֺȻȼ㰸ϵࡣ
һͨĹ񣬵׿ǹϹǵЦݣȻãɣȷʵҲǺʵƽĴڡ
СдݺݺΪʮ꣬ҲˣֻΪѾߣ˶黭֮⣬һ书Ҳǲף˱ҪʱΪݺݺ䵱ֽɫǸ椡
׹ݺݺֱֵۼ򴦣Գһ͵ģӣū㣬һҲֵˣֻϧūһ糾֮ˣΨһ׵ӣϣϧ
žƱһڣŽˮݺݺι˹ȥݺݺ̴΢ţ˳Žʣˮ£նʱԳֺΡ
ݺݺЩһԸұ㽫ǣҲԣ˼ģҲиˡ
˵ݺݺĿһ漴ˮ𣬵Ƭ̺кǰһַԱĸо
ΪǰȻãûκסңһΪɫټѾԶ桭
֮ǰʱǸ̷ֻɱճڵŮӡ
ȻݺݺҲȻˣǰԼҲһ糾ŮӣΪҪ࣬һϦ֮ԼѾȺܶ¥Ů̫ࡣ
ݺݺ뷨תɫȴ΢ı仯׵Ŀ⣬￴¥Ůʲô
ĵݺݺݺݺǸλ棬ֻ½Ϊ˷Ķˣ磬ˣҲôĶ࣬ȴûӦĵλ
Цݺݺѵ㲻ԸһͬԺô

ݺݺ̴΢ţ״뷨ʱ㶺ּѾ޷ˡ
Ը⣬Ը⣬ݺݺȻԸ⡣
ݺݺæ˵ȼ֮Ĵȴۿʪ󣬿ԼҵС㣬ο
С㣬үϲˡϲ˵ֻǻʡ
ЦȻݺݺѾߣұһȥСѾͷҲصĺСֿˡ
лү£һǰطʮֵĻϲ
΢΢ͷҲʮֶµĿʼʰиȻȥµľƲˡ
ȴ뿪ݺݺ鼤ֳҶǣҲ󷽵Цɡ
һǳݺݺĳϸϸظһƬ
׵ֱƿǷɫĳȹ⿪ǲͷŦۣһֻƿǹĶǶȻϡ
ȵ¶ȣ۵ļĵԣԼм١
׵ĴĴָʳָǿ۵ϣݺݺӡһֱ
ͬʱԭ٣˿ȴǱýӲԭأ˲ͦ
׹һЦʱԼ΢΢ı仯Ÿ״ݺݺҲֹסĲ
šš
͵͵ģԺһִ飬Ÿİ㣬ɬĺѾգŵ˫ۣҲϵĲţ޳Ľë²ȴзϡ
¶ֵģ˿ֻȻһµĽߺξƷӣֱ׾ãһŮ˸ĵʱκһϸСķ棬ôϡ
׵֣ߵ壬Ȼͬţǵݺݺ
׵֣ϵ»ƬѾĸƽ̹СԼС֮¡

һٴЩ񴽣Ȼͷÿ񱴰ݺСٴεľһ
֣ȴֱ·ʥأһϡĴֱ֣һƬĵش
Ƭ۵ڣ׵ְΧָİ࣬ζš
İţʹõúзִ磬ݺݺ̲ס΢΢ǰ㣬ƺҲļӽ
ûеʪĺֻе㻬塣


327 
ײûٽһֻǵ㵽ֹ
ݺݺһ󣬵ݺݺŴﵽһʱ򣬵§Լﵽʱױɿζָ
ݺݺһƬ죬ɫں֮˸ĵĹȻûʵк֮ǿָζĿУȻŷġ
˿ݺݺ̱׵ĻУذ㣬¶ѩ׶ʵİ۲֡
΢΢һЦﲢûˣֱӵǰصĺ첼ǶȻĽͷȥ
ͷһ죬ĽǺɫУ塢żζ׺ϲ
ҧţͷƣĶʹݺݺٴεĲ

һݺݺҸĿŻеӣɷһ㡣
Ūһ֮³ǿ͵ѣȻ󽫶ǶȥϵǳȹŦۡ
ݺݺ׵壬ƺҪײŪֻ׽ס˫۵ֵ֮ϸʧĻӡ󡣡
ݺݺ˶Ǹж׵˼ʵס
ӣūӣҪȥֻҪѺܴһ֣ū⡪ݺݺû˵꣬ϱ㱻һǡ
ʲôū澵ģǰݺݺˣҵˣԺôƺԼˣŶһ֪Ĺأ˵׹˵
ݺݺĿ飬ижԵݺݺݺݺҸ屾ǵ̫ҽ޷̫زնףеı䡢Ůı㱻¥ŷ˶ȫ£ҲֻʣūҺʹˡ
׵˵ͷʱһ¥ͷƻȣ
ӣݺݺֻǻɱ֮ҡݺݺҧ촽飬壬ܿΪ
ЦݺݺҪԹģԺƺΪӰɣƺϲ
ݺݺ˵ͷ뵽ֵԶ磬ȻҲԼӦöģʱЩ
ܿ죬ѾߴٴεİƼȣҲܻ䣬Ҳôݺݺǰһ
ݺݺǿģѾߴȴЩܳ׺ݺݺϣ
ｻЦ̡
ү˲ŻֻΪⷽϴδأң춼ǣҲûء
⻰Ҳݺݺɻ󣬱Ͼĸߴˣôɳء
ЦǽС۽ԶǻһֱĬĬȥ֮УԽƽ֮ˣԽв֮ν豹棬ˡ
ĿһݺݺǴţݺݺִˡ
ȴѧҲô𣿡
Цһһν⣬Ҳء졢Ȼνһͨͨ磬飬ֹġֻΪҪ׷ǿԽĿĽһ㣬ȻڴﵽһĿꡣ
ĿӨ֪˶ЩܸȤ˵Ҳûбܻ䡣
ӣݺݺ㣬ǰĸ֡
ݺݺϲ˵ȴԣĵǰ˭̫ˣ⻹泶ʲôϵ⻰û˵ġ
㻷˱ů˼ֻͷһſֽţЩʩչȻ¥ŮӣҲϲȳغݺݺá
ү뿴ү黭أүô۽ô
棬ܳݵ˵
ݺݺ۾ҲΪ֮һ
ȴ֪ɷν˵׵ʵʮóôͲˡ
һоΪնɱȻƿȥִᣬΪУѾˡ
ңΪѵס
΢΢ͷˬǽգӱ黭ľ磡
Ե飬ʵұ٣һεڹѰȤ֮Ȼͨ黭ûпЩȻĶչȥĵһĵ
Ѿߴܿ˰Ѿ̡
ʵν壬о壬Щͬġ
о˿µľ磬ˣ˵ȻʵûˣǾȴڵġ
⣬ĲƸ
֣ȷʵΧƣǲͬԭݺݺǸк֣ǰڳ֮һֱֻ֣Եĺġ
УݺݺɣɵӳõˮƽҲһԣȴ׵硣
־ƴȫݺݺʱݺݺЩ˼ĿһۣȴǺЦƺ
ݺݺ׺ŵģǴ˿̲ٴ˾ƣϸΪԼѾӮˡ
Ц壬ݺݺҪˡ
ܰգݺݺľ
ȷʵľƣ׵Ѿˣôܻȥ
ǣŵЦݣ뵽֮Գ֮
ݺݺϸĹۿ֣֮ڰ׽һսһȫıΧˣԷɣʲô淴
ݺݺʹüͷ˼ֻΣǶ벻ôܻоӮ
ʵ벻ݺݺӣݺݺͲˣô߻أ
ǰǰү϶˵ЦҲæ˵漴ȴڴĿףϣ¡
Цˣէϸ뿴壬ֻҪһöȫȫ֣ô־ͻὫԼɱһƬճһɱ
ڶ氵壬ʮһС
һгȥһƬȴʧ˻ᡣ
ΪһɱУ۰ô壬һɱ
һ飬ͨɱˡ
׺Ȼһö壬оʯ䣬ݺݺʹһ漴סˡ
ɱԼôȻĹشڣԼɱԼģĸ˲ϣԼݣ
ǣһɱȥ룬жȻɱ¶ɱǾ·塣
ݺݺ츳ˣҲԷ֮͸Ȼ֮ϣһۿƳ֪壬ǻΪһ֡
վǼߣʱƲƶľ磬˵һɱԼһ壬
Ȼһг֮󣬾ʯƽ˲٣ǽһ壬ɱΪǣִеݺݺжûгŵһ壬׳׳
ֵѾԶˡ
壬ԽٵԷԽãԽֱܽƵȫʩչȫȻڶԷΪ۷״̬֣ܶĸ
һ֣ݺݺʹѾٺˡ
̫ݻǵˡ
΢΢һЦȻְ֣ȻԼԼ
һ֣ױģһΪûκƫ̻Ҳȥ˫ͨ˼룬Ȼɱ
һֻ֣һʱһʱݺݺʹȴȫĿָԶֳľˡ
ףȴֻΪ壬Ķ˼֡
Ը⣬ľ磬ٵûпȥ⾳ǳˡ
Ϊ磬֪ʵѾ޵ˡ
Ϊ̬ƽͣȻ׸ܲλٻ
ݺݺĿãȻǴȻϽȥ׼˱īֽ⣬ȻҪ׵黭
ײûоܾ
鷨Ҳ֣Ϊߣֽ嶼ﻹ黭
ù޳ĺëʣȻݺݺĥõƷī΢΢һЦ
ǰذ׵ֽֽʣµĻʮֵİֻǮ˻ңŻ
һ㣬֪ġ
ϵıʵֱӹճһƺǿյͼΪ
ȡѡţ֯ŮֻΪ⴫˵˲ϤֱѡԼݺݺ˵ģ
ʼʱԳ壻ʱ͸ֽļ㣻ʱʱ
ܿ죬̺Զ黳ǿȵŵĻȫĳ˳
ֱۻӶȻʼչŵ΢ЦݺݺʹһͿ
˾̾ǣǻµһУ̣̬ʮֵʻ
ŮӴԹ̬ӵĴӣΣԼʱĻϲȫԾȻֽϡ
ʹǿµԭǹȾ£Ѿˡ
۵ͼǱ̣ѾС
ÿһʣ̺ѧɲ⡣
ȻˣٲҪ顣
׵û̫˼ʫ£ûʲôع۵ȵɸʺˡ
ԣ΢΢˼ζױٵд
ŪɣǴޣȡ
¶һ꣬ʤȴ˼
ˮΣ̹ȵŹ·
Ǿóʱڡĺĺ
д֮о꣬Ϊ֮ܵϴһ
Ȼãôα̫ȥִ⣿Ųϲ
磬ȻûǴɱɱ˲ݵصͣȴԶԶĻøӵʵʵô
ײɵʲôֱ·ס
ȻһͼΣ⽣𽣵΢壬һǿ̱꣬޷αǿ
ݺݺĿתĶһףȫõ׵ʽˣΪһܳԽǧңҲֻ֮
黭ĲɣѾȵزݺݺѾûκˣֱΪȵжʾǾǣΪȵǡ
ҲŴ棬ݺݺҵʹ
࣬ȴûýĿ뿪ޱ߶־׵Ļ֣Ϊʵ̫̫ǣˡ


328 ׯ֮
է֮£Ϊأ
üΣ̲סҪָԼСʳȵֿʱȴܸоī֭ĳʪĸо
ĻЩʲôʦĻȣȻ֣Щûκοɱԡ
⻭̫ˡ
ӣһͷβˣ˰
и̾ţȴҲ֪ܸԼСߣѾǸˣģ룬Ҳûȥͷ
Ϊөһ㣬޷ȵġ
̫ˡ
ǣͬʱһ̰쳾ϲȷ֮£ôǿҵʵС
ǰ˰Сиõˡ
ţӿҸЦݣһĨĨĺΣҡҷţԴҲô鶯
׺ݺݺ֮ݺݺϲĽѾɺԵĻȻܺõ
Ȼ뵽ռ뿪ɿʼʰ
ݺݺĶҲǻϲȥæǽһߡ
֪ݺݺ紨ͷƣֻǼǮίʵͣ˵֮ǰķѹǶ˲Ʊһչʮ
׵ƣʮòǿˡ
ݺݺװʱѾ˰ҹʱˣʱѾż֮
ʱѾȴۣݺݺʹͶˣȴѾԵЩƣˡ
Ȼף˺󷿵䣬Ȼʼ˻ˮԡ
ˮŪãֱݺݺͬϴԧԡ
һʱ䣬컣ǲԶ
ףǺѵõİ˯һЦ˾磬˯ȴзʵ׺ղѡ
ڶ죬緢ֱ𱣬˵ԼĴ㣬ȻҲʶ׿òףƺȻƣҲûҪۡ
ֻǱʾݺݺ紨̨ǳ͢ﷸǱػΡ
˵׵ɫɫûκα仯ʱҧҧĿʮ
ԼѮ̴棬Ȼ¥⣬ΪҲ塣
һ˫ۣȷʵʶˡ
֪ݺݺˣ˵ʮ򣬱ʮҲڶ̶ڸ¥ģȻӣһڼҲϣ֪Ѷˡ
Ҳ֪֮ˣǲ᲻ƵģΪһ㲻мô
̣׺˽ģҲýˣǮƶ׶ԣһֽѡ
ָʮƱЦݺݺļֵȻֹԺ紨󣬵ڷȥûκġ
ϲ漴ǧллѾ֮£̸̸ֱӸ͡
˫̸£ֱ֮˵Ȼֱӵݺݺʹ˻
ʱΪŮĿ⡣
߳紨·ϣŷ֣ԼûȥɿЦ
ʱݺݺҲźȻ˵ǷˣҲ޸ĸ顣
˼ţǰӭŮӣһС㣬һò۵Ѿߡ
ˣȴµ֮мŮӡҲײ²׳ĴʦŮ
ӣȥׯÿճһׯ԰Ҳ⣬Ӳ
ãěС·ɡ״˶ԷĻ󷽵˵
׳飬ʼҪģʡȥ˲鷳
ݺݺʱҲûκϾ׵ңôġ
ׯȴҲǷһʮִׯԺˡ
ׯ԰棬Сׯ԰һЩգԽסȴҪɸ߰ķá
ݺݺ֪ܣȱľǮˡ
ʱǰԱߣվһƮƮŮӣŮӿߵʱ΢ȴϻָ˻
ȴǶѡ
״ӦěěݺݺߵһŮӶʱ֮
СѾҲʮͶǲ
֪ͣǰŮ˵һԵȺ
˿ʱ磬˲࣬ׯСڴˣҲ˸вŵľٶ
׳Ŷ˹ȥҲûбܻ䣬˹
ͽӡҪ׷ˣұˣѡһطúõĿޣȻʦչسЩε˵
кܶŭŭ޳ģһۿݺݺŮûй
Ҳ֪ʵʲôҲǡ
״˿̬ڿˣҲνˡ
һѵ֣ȻС
ٴαס֣ʱŭֶԸףȴ뵽ԼҪֱ𣬲΢΢һ٣ĵҲգַһΣԺڡ
׽ģ˵Ҳׯסɣƣģκвġ
һ˳֣ȴǳ鲻ֻģηֱ𣬽ġ
ЦȥʦĶ
ңŭ漴ȴ˼֡
˵ǵǰҹҵʱʵͻ쾳硢ﵽɺϴЧ
һȴȻš
׼ɽףõСʧѰʱѾɱ֮ǰֽ׳Ĵʦֽ棬ׯׯ
ʦҲ׳ʦɽҲѾɱԣΪνׯ˰ɣ
㵱Ϊ˵ĶǽҶȥģ
ѺȻĶףĿ֮Уɻ뾪֮ɫתȻ뵽˵֮İʱвȻĶ
ߣ˭֪ǲǻƭŮҵĸ飿ѽ
סׯȻоǲʵأңĽ˵ģĺãҿԸָܸ㡣
׺ٺһЦ
˵ģѻΪǺƭô˵Ǳȵβ͵èһŭ
Ľã˸ããûôԴģ
ŭ
Բɵģ׾ãƺʳ̻Ůӷŭܡ
ʵҲ֪һֱȽϵ͵˸书Ҳû¶ҵĶ֡
׺ϵ˵
𣿡Ѻɵĵ˻治Ҫмܲôʱǿ·ǰ棬Ṧ·Ṧᡣ
֪ŮĿƴ棬࣬ʵȴǸԽ϶˵飬һš
ײ书Ϊˣǲŵġ
һߣݺݺŶѵЦ̣ºͣȻЩʧɬ
ȥʼɣΪ׵ţʵ̫˾ޣգŮӻƴһȥ
ݺݺ롢ҲԸȥһƶʵŮˡ
ǰ϶ǲȥұһ֪𣿡Ц
αҪȥȲ𣿡Ҳʵ
ȣ
Ŀ˿խԱ·ϴȺΪεӡ
ߣƭңҽÿ
ŭȴЩĸо
ĿɨǰȻأ޲úݺݵһǣĵȽÿ
뷨Ȼһš
ŶĸŮߣҲûж˵ֻº͵߰ɡ
ţӣׯ֮ڣҾߵѾȫˣпõԺϣլԺѡ۸赣ġ
ěº͵˵
׵˵ͷţ۸ģԤʮ򡣡˵ڻһֱóһƱ
һһŵģʮţ
ֱʣěǶѣˡ
ݺݺʮƽĵǼ˴ǷͲôˡ
ěҲǳˣ΢΢һ㶺󣬽ӹƱ˴ţʵׯ֮
ěһٴѵ֣Ȼݺݺһ𣬵ݺݺѣʶһ£Ժһ
ݺݺ׼û̫ھȣȴգĵͽôôأȻôǮҪָԼӦáǼٵİɡ


329 ̽
ׯܴ󣬵Ǹӡģ̨ͤ¥÷档
ķˮ֣Լλȣչֳׯ԰ˣӵŲ׵۹⡣
ܵһУ׾뵽ˡ
׳ļ֮У˵ӡʮֵģͨʦɽϤٸɽƢĻôһˣӦòѲ³
˿̵׵˼룬ֻٺһʶһĻ꣬ıѾһǧڰ֮㡣
ΪһƷʶ׵״̬һĻǣȻ׳õ˴󲿷Ѿ֮ǰȫ˹ϵ
ЩȶڣһĻȻЩǿ󣬵ҲֻܸӦԲǧ׵ҵľ룬Ӳ졣
ңΪ˿巽Ҳ޷ܾܺãԱϣ״˿ɾ磬豹棬µλ
νϣޣλߣܳ쳾쳾Դʱף֮һʶǵõ
עΪ׵׷󣬾һİһֱϣȻźȥˣֵõһôˣ϶ȥ׵״̬Կһִ˿˸ĵ֣ȻһŴϣ⣬ҲĶ
˼ţӦʱһ˾ЩƣУ׽ǷݸӦ˻ȻěԼССׯ
սţйܼͨȻһϳɵ棬ɣӭ˹
ԭӴݹ٣ׯ԰ӭ֮ӣ
ˬ˵˵һȭһɺܺˬơ
Ȼ󿴼Ů΢΢һ㶣漴Ȼԭݺݺʧʧ
ǰˡ΢΢ͷ˵
ǲˡݺݺҲ˵
Ǻǣǰؿׯ컯Ǹذ˶󲻽Ҳ׵ҡҲ΢΢һЦ˵
һ˾Ц
ʱěѾ£ȴԴһȥѡۡмƽϣѡ˱һΪӴլԺ
ׯһĹ԰һ԰ִ£̨ͤ¥󡢸̨鿱һ
ѡⱱһլԺݺݺʹһʱϲˣȻû¶ϲ֮⣬ЩĿ⣬ȴҲѾŮĳ
ѡլԺ֮󣬲˵ó˷Լףֱӽݺݺݺݺ˷ܣ´Ŵȥɨ
ѣȴǸû뿪
ֹ֪⺺лǲʲôɵǰл˵޷ҵˣŵù
ޣͽӣ˭ˣ
дŭڴˣȴûбֳֻɫ˲
ֱֻŤǿһۣ֮⣬ƺ˵ǿӶϺǷˡ
濴ĵ֪Ƿ֪׳ˣ
˵⻰ʱ֣Ѿ䣬֪Լ˶֡
ɫƽΪ֪ĵϸŲĵ˵ҵܵ𣿡
滢һȫûлɣĵȻȻû
ץ׵ļʱּ֪
üͷ΢壬֪Һ׳йأ
׵ݣ鹹Ȼֻж֪ƺѾ˲ֵϸײ
һƽΪʦܺ󾱲һźصϸС÷̥ǣһ㣬ûκģµˡ
һ㶣漴Լ⣬һӦɲǣ󾱲Ȼһö̫ԡСָ״С÷ӡǡ
֪ʵԼ׳ֵܵݣ˵׳׵ܵܣֻΪСΪʧ佭
ҵʱѾɱʦҲѾˣ£̽ġ
ʲôʦˣ
ɫ˲ˣֺֻ̿˲ôС
ûжԣļҲǰǰ˵ģֻ˵ʦ׷ĵ˶ɽɽ¶мϣ
·˲̫࣬һįɽɽϿȾʯܻŵĿһТͽܣԼ⣬ʦԩ⻹ʲô
ģʦһûµģ
׼ᶨ˵
ƣֱӵӰģȻüᶨĵһʦһû£ңҲΪ¾ͶȥҪΪʦ𣡡
׵˵ͷмο
׳ȷʵˣ׫Ĵ磬ȴǻţԼҲȷʵΪʲôˡ
ǰ׵ܵҲ˺ģҲһݣ
ãֵܣ⡮ǰĳƺͲˣСʦܵĴ磬Ҵ缴ɡ

κ飬Ҫӳ飬ʹѪҲһ
ԺܣľûԳƣһ١
Ŀ۶˵ĳأȴһΪĽ
һԣ̴ľϣűŶȣǺܵġ
ѣȴ͵һĻˣȻ׵ݣ뵽յԴԼ˵о;
رǣȻ˵ԼĽãʵ޷ܵģ
ĵȴֺϣԼܵõ׵ָ㣬ΪԼףΪʲôĵϣױǿ
գǵ죬Ĳǿ󣬺ܿܣɱׯҪۡ
ԣڼܵʱ򣬶ѾͲˡ
С
ҲϴԼķ߳󣬿ܣʱˡ
ֻǿ⽣˵ãʵȴͽΪûжð
׸ûд㻹֣ȽɱǰۼѾҪָ֣һȻ֣ʱһѻݵ䷴˹뻳С
Ѵ֮£Ǳܵһȭ׵Դһȴִ٣ܶ𣬷˽ųɵ
ȭͷһѾͺˣһҪǴ˸ô죿


330 
Ǻìܵģһȭͷı⵽ַģڳ֮󣬾Ѿˡ
ǣƬ̣žųȭͷȴͶůĺһʣ᲻ĸоȴôͻ
׵֣׵ĽȭͷУͬʱ΢΢תֱӵɢһȭľ޴
ǺȻס˶ѵӣסȭͷ˵Ķʮֵˡ
ȭͷƽ̹Сĵطѽ΢΢ȴŬſңſң
ԣƽ̹Сϰѹһ£һǾ˵ԣźȻɿ֡
ܾͬıһ͵ĵʱʮŭĵףջģӵֿС
дʣȻŶȣ׺ٺЦѣôѵҪɱǵô
ͽӣұҪɱ㣬
˵ţѶʱٴεĹ˹ƣȴѾȫûˡ
е𾪣Զֳֵ
Ҫ֪Ѵ꿪ʼϰ䣬츳˵ܼңһ㣬ʦСöҩ࣬ϤĴ̣նʮ䣬Ժһʦˡ
£ֻ¶ûгʮ꣬һΪȴɲ⣬ʵö̫ˣ
𾪣ʹȵ˵֪˵ޱȣƫƤ񣬶Ůž޴ջɱ˲Ը
ͬģƣŬѹе𾪣ϾǾųɵ⧲֮£ɱһλѧʦĸˣ
ԣ׷ŭʵϣȴΪƽʮ𾪵ѡ
ףȻ֪ŮԵı仯ʲôˣ˵ϼ޻ҲΪֶεȵҲѾ¯ֻ࣬˶һۣ֪ԼֲõǱ
ǣ׺ܸɴģֻ΢ЦȻûܣȴǴŽһǰʱȻûиܵѷˮǽϴݳĲȻĽеĽŸ˳
΢΢һЦ̽΢΢һѾˡ
Ͷͱһһ죬΢΢һתȻ󱳶ףֱ׵ϡ
ͽӡ
û˵꣬׵֣˳Ƶķ˶ұߵϣ΢΢ѷ˻С
ƺĶ΢΢ѹȣʹö˲ɫǺ죬Ĳζ
Ϯ˲ǼҵĴ̼ʹöһ£Դ˲һհס
𶯣
׺Ȼ˵
ϸ
׵ºһɹȵ۵Ķ˵
ζȫܲζָоȴ¼ŵģȻԲܰĹС
ָоֻɲǲȻɲǱǸˡ
ȫѵҲûΪƮӣⰺȻ£ת
ɽȪˣϪʣǲݳݺɣǰ񳯷
Ȼ֮磬ö¶ģÿ
֮УһԹŰ˷ֵĹҸһֵģּįԱꡣ
˵ֱܣӣȴԸģöѸоܵв
Ȼ뵽Լ֮ܣѾﵽһĳ̶ȣŷ֣Լ˿̻ůĻ֮С
һʶԼйصĶʱֹУǿңʺŮˡ
Ȼԭ˼߲ʲôǸܵӵ⾳֮󣬶ѺȻķס׵֡
⣬ȻΪݺݺѹˡ
Ѳɵײò˫ȫƫƫĶţȻЩ޳ܣǺùαӶ౶ˣԼ˼֮ףٲ׳һͷĻֻὫݺݺ
ԣѵõס׵֡
ˡ
ݵѣʱֱǲĵطݺݺûǰʵ޷ʹֻܿٵĲңԲ
ǶڼҹȴǿƿعݵĲ˵óʮ
ӣ׵һε֪ӣֱ׸֮ӣͨ˵࣬м˵õϣοִﵽµݺݺ
ֻǣȴԸܵൽֿ꣬˹ؼĵط޷ͻƵĸо֮˵ƿǾ˵Ƶġ
һ֮̾£ӣôĽˡ
Ѱ׵ϴŮĵϢϵĽ׵Ϣ֮С
ŮӣǣɽЩŮƯ
ƯУѺݺݺǧǱʵȴҲʮǧ
ǣַ׵̻ζԼͨ˵ĿλŮӣȴһļƷŮӡ
ţŮӣһ磬ôòȴҲԿԳԽЩ׻Ůˡ
ͬģֻҪӵ˵ݺݺȻûǶѣȴҲѾԶˡ
ԣѵõǣݴʵڵ˼Ϣ
ȡ룬ˣ쳾ҲϷ쳾ú쳾ú쳾Ŀƺ쳾
׾ãһ塣
ǣײȥЩΪֻҪֿľУҪ̫ࡣ
ѺܰĿ׵Ļ׼ʵţȻãƺΪůĸ塣
׵֣ûд̵ֻͦķ
γһԲýǱȽϷȫڲȻ§ţ̡ͦ
ûнһĶѺȻҲȻˡ
ǵģֻӵŪˣҲųףֻüͷûз
ħͷҪˣҲϣŸǿʵ
ݺݺ֮ĵĳȻһֱԼԼֻһ糾ŮӣƶʣǿţҲЩ
û˵ʲôҲȥ˵ʲôѾߴҲû˵ʲôв֮ˣ檱ƽ飬˵ˣףҲäĿĳݡ
Ź٣ݺݺ
죬ݺݺһɫĳȹ欵ڳȺӳ֮£Գ˾˵徣ӨӨ٣ʩ۵Ƿϣůº͵Цݡ
ССľ֣һʵﲨ˫һɻȵ顣
ݺݺ
΢΢Ц漴ݺݺ֡
Գһ־ϲݺݺӿӯӯĲ᳤ȹ׵ߡ
ߣȻӵģֻݺݺ˿һȣһ㶼ֱ˹Ȼ׵һߵĻ
ŮˣȻǰЩԴˣǺڶء
üͷһѹƻģҲЦѣȥȻ׸㣬֤ѧһ¥
ߣҪȰɣŭȴ޷ѧջ󣬴ʱ͵һѾ׵ϣȻȻ˽ųɵ
׻һɫһףǿ˵˳ųɵֻǻһɵȴǼӳϡ
һɴʹݸ׵Ժ񾭴Ҳ۵һһ
ŮˣȻ׺ݣ
ЩٿǶѣȴһѾվǰĿԺˡ
үС㣬٣ūҪҪͽأ׵ĸ̾գǰ˫۵
ù٣ˣ˳Ҳ٣ָָ
ݺݺ֪ײǴţҲٴ¶ĳ֮ɫϽݹݡ
ʱν٣ʵҲǹݣʽ࣬Ǵ嶼û̫ı䣬޷Щ仯ҪĹ춼ûб仯


331 ʲôǽ
˵⵽˶Ѳмһ׾ϲģҲƫƫϲҲΪ⡣
ӽСһǡ
״ֵ˵ţƺƶһ㣬Ŵ˵
ǺߣȴҸıۡ
ֻÿޱȣ̽ͷڴͷһ£Ȼһ
һ˴壬ɫĳȹ£С岢ʮֵĽȻʱȽһԪȴΪ忼ǡ
ʽȴǴһ̬ϵͱ
һŮżʱǻὫֳ˲äĿĳ̶ȵġ
Ҳˡ
ͷ΢΢һʱҸʹʵĸо
ֻǾùүһŻ׿ʶءȴԼЩңԶˣһǣȴбýҲôʵˡ
оʱԼҸĸоһֱ뵽飬ͬ壬ƺӵһ
򵥵ĶȴǵݺݺĿˣѾߣʵϣͬõģĶ˵ûôѾ߿ģһ㣬ݺݺѾǸжˡ
ӣݺݺǸСǳŮˡ
ݺݺ˵ǲƺΪһ˿ǲӦá
һϣЦʲôݺݺʵ
ӹٺݺݺȻ׵ĻȴҲæ׵Ȼߵϡ
ʱ򣬶Ѿʼ
ƺݺݺټ˶ʮֵʹԼΪıˮ
ʱԺ䣬ȪˮϪˮˮˮһ㣬Ÿˮ֮⡣
Ӷ䣬ǳʵǼȺÿ޷ġ
׼Ƚֵֻ̣ˣ̣ˡ
ôūǹߣķƨ
Ǹ֮ˣΪΪһڽ˵ĸ顣
׶ʱҲŭˡ
Ȼ磬˶ǹߣȴϣŭ֮У˵Ȼˡ
ɫһ˲Ƶĸı䣬ʹݺݺԭĵĿ伸䣬ȴ⻢֮ɫŵˣһʱ
һֵۣ
׺Ȼ˵
ɫ䣬ʱŭʲôʸ˵ңʵҪǿ󼸷֣
Ȼ˻кøУǲڶä֮ˣĽʱȻŭҪ
˿ֻ̣ί֮ڴ׵ָ̣ȴҲһģҲԸˡ
ȻãøϿ뿪طȻһ˫ۣˮֻҪֹסˡ
ɫȴмįĵԲ˵
׵ȻͿ̾ƺһ˪ˣε̾Ϣһ㡣
һ̾Ϣʹݺݺʹֹסۿͺˣ֪ΪξҪ䡣
ƺܵȴû̾ߣͣ
ʱׯԺ֮⴫˱򶷵ǲ־ãƬ̣Ʊң׵Ժ֮Уףȴһ۵ĶûС
Ҳͬǳֽͬһɫҹн£ĸλյĹ˳ûаסͷ
ȻҲм
£̫ո𣬴յˬ¶ķҷ֮ԺĿ¡
ƺңһ֮󣬱˶ţĿס
ңĿһԳֲ죬ƵģȴȻһ
ǸʱҪ֣Ϊ꣬ž˵ΣϢ
ĵҲԼжϣ侲վԺ棬Ҳû˵Ҳûг֡
ʱěҲŵĸ˹ȴʱ򣬼˳侲һĻҲ΢΢ȻĬĬվԺһࡣ
Ƭ̣ԭ徲Ժݺݺѡơң桢ěԼװ˸ˡ
Ѽ˿ûƵˣа˼֣Ҳˡ
һ̧£˸Ŵ۵ĺ⡣
ǲ֮ǰĻҪ飬ҿԣǲʦԼʦ棡
⻰һһֱ侲ƣף˼ֳˡ
ʦ棬ʦͷһƣҲסˣҲ侲֪꣬ô͡
Ŀƽ̾ôͣ˵Ҫͣã͸ʲôǽ
㡪
ѴŭɫҲ䣬ѾʦĽ
Ƶȭͷͷ˿ң׵Ŀ⣬ȴ˼ַŭִ˼Ρ
ʲô㣬㲻֪ʲôǽɣ
⻰ȴڳ˶Ĭˡ
ˡĲŪһңһȴͬһ㣬ֱеĽ

ֻһƬص֣Ƕѣƣ棬еĽ˵ϡ
Ƕ
˵Ŀȴô䡣
˶Ĭˣȴֹסľ̾رƣȻ뵽֮еĻ׵Σô׵ΪǽǼֲġ
û˵Ϊܲ׵ɱ⡣
׽˰ԽİԽ壬ϣֻҪԸʱֱĽľ磬ǼȻһΣһײû̫׷󣬵ľϵĽԼȫ״̬꣬ǿȻǷ˼ġ
ˡһɳŽ⾳磬˷ԲصĽ
˸ˣȴֻ˵ȴǺȻһȻԺģһֱ˿
׵Ľ΢΢һǷ˿ֵǼΪֿĵһ㡣
ڽĻϲʹڳĳ֮⣬˵𾪣
ǵģ𾪣
Ϊˣܵˣ
ңʲôǽ
׵ʵȴһɸ߸ϵ
ȴôȻöԼƵˣ޷
ʵϣȻʵ˿̲ǿǼΪ״̬ԭ򣬶ףҲһֱܵľ⡣
Ǿ屾ܵϣ
ԽǿߣܵԽǿңЩ߶㲻ϵˣ޷ܵġ
ɫЩҰףܼ򵥵飬˿ȴô޷˵ڡ
ǵģʲôǽأһߣһɽ·ɱе
ǣ˵Ĵ
ǣ϶ǣԼֵֻ֮󣬶ѺȻ֣ԼĽĺ
ûпѣĿһֿۣ˿ěŵߵڣ
˵ģȻһƺ򣬵ȴ־ã仰ƺ̫һ㡣
֪Щ˲ܶ꣬ˣЦܼ򵥣һڳˣһ£Ľ
״˿Ȼ͵͵ĵ٣ݵĹӶصϣȴ΢΢ɳ˼֡
񵭵֮£׵Ȼ˵ȴͬӵľľ첻ͬģ硢ꡢ׵磬еġ
ϵ٣ҲͲɣУͬҲġ
ͣס֣ȻģĸܣϲŪһ¡
ˡһһɣ˵ο̾Ϣ쳹С
˵꣬һƺٵĸһ
ʱѾû˻׵Ļˡ
һýˣᳬԼǹߣҲūӦѣ֪ĺѣǺ֪
ʱ򻺻˵ˣҲȷʵ׵Ĺ۵㡣
ǣܹ۵㣬Ϸ
ҳ˵ĺеǽʦ潣һ㣬㲻˵ǲŹ㣡
ȻŭƣȴҲǻ⼸Ϊʦ֡


332 
һӣеĹٶʱ˳ȥǳ۾һ㣬ֱ˱ԺڲһϷ̨֮ϡ
վĿɨһˣۼƺң˾һأЦˡ
֮ǰ˵ֻ˵ǵ뷨ǹߣôʼ³˵ġô˵вҲΪʦĽǿ
ҲΪֻҵʵ̫ǿԲʹҵĽʮֵǿ
׵˵˵˼Ҳû̫𾪣Ͼ״ɲ⣬²⵽ǵ˼ѡ
ƳѵôûǿʵǿĿƽңĻʵҵİжӲס
ЦˣҪҾҪĸһ½ǲҲ֣ͻܣ
ɫһȻٸо⻰ȷʵ˵ʵµƺӣᱻŲʮȵһоͰܣٲãʮǾûģ
ңԷڲ£Լȫսûκʤģ
ǣȻʮֵأ͸оԣģΪǿĶ֡
ףֻЦݣһ֣ʱԭŵʱȫķɻ˵С
ě֪롣
Ȼ׳ԿǴ˿̣ȴҲΪͽӵ
㣬ʦǸʦ㣬ȻγսֻǻΣյģ
Ѵܸ׵֮䣬żŭִżΡ
׵ȻһЦѣĪҪģǶûжôͱɱأ
쵰ȥɣ
Ѵŭŭһֻ漴ɫȴֻЩεıò԰˼֣ȴҲҲûж˵ʲô
˳վƵǰ޵Ůӣ欶ģʮȴޱȣżֳʹŮ㣬Ů˵ζңЩѪڡ
޼ɵģʲôʲô⵱ڣҲ˵Ϸ䡣
ãһսսܣǸΣЦ
ŭȵ˭ˣǶģܾͰܣΣ
ײΪ⣬ҰˣǻᱻնɱˣңһߣΪҵ£ûҵ⶯
ߣ㵹Ǵĺ⣡
ƺмں״ġ
ЦƺӴѵҲһжܲôģȴϸ㱨꣬Ҳ˵ȥ
ʦȣ£Ϊʦ
׵ǺãұȫҲûκλˣҲһ㶼޷Ӧνʦ
һͣһҧãҴӦΥԣǸΣ
Σ˶ڴˣûж⻹ôǲţɴԹסѨǣŲұ㷢¶Ҳδɣ
׵Ȼ˵
Ƹʵʣ΢΢˼˹ֱӵķӡʮѨʮѨλһ⣬вѨλλ⣬ǰζӡô޿ܷųһ˿
ʱƺЩԸˣǿݺݺѾߴƺ˿ûеģҲŬ
ȫķӡ׵ѨͬСѨӡˣ˿
˵ƾһҲܵ׵ĳ⣬Ҳ˶ģһжôͽ׷ңֻ׷棬ֻҪΥ£һԸҲӡ
Ϊȫģַ˸ġ
˵ҲԳеģҾͽ⣬ֻƾ˼İ壬ƾԶ֣ﻹҪõʲô̫ʽ
ȻʵǿҲûп澳磬ֻҪԸ⣬ڣ嵽𵤾磬ôأֻʧȥȤ
ԭЩˣУϵĴڣǵҲΪ֮еһԱĿ֣ܸܵġ
رʵŭİۣڶѵ߳ŭı飬÷ǳʵ
Ų㣬ľŲ㣬ѾΪľ֮ĥ³ȫĴɣȴܾЩǷȱһûҵĹеǷȱУҲףһԭڡ
ǣǽŲɣǽľŲ㾳ĴɣʵԶƿԱԵġ
ףУɫҲҪֻ꣬Ҫ˼ܽ뽣УƵĽѾΪơ
ֻҪ룬ͽĽںϣ⽣ôŪôŪ
еˮ齻ڵĹϵΪߵףоʮֵС
˶ߵԺ룬ⱻʯѹƽĵ棬ӲޱȣȴҲƽ̤ʵ
ģϣլԺӰ֮е˾˵Щۡ
Ȼһɫ޲ۣżϢ
ƣһɫľװΪ˶ԵʮеԵƺ߱
еĽ£˸ĵĺ⣬޵ֺ⣬ĺɱ⡣
ǵģɱ⣬Ȼ׼δ֪ĵѿ״̬ͬҲף˴󵨷ӡѨ޿֡
ǿճǼƣʵѡǰߣİȻţԼϰʮ꣬ѧ಻ʮ꣬һ״̬ºԼȣ
ҪǣƣǾԲģ
׿صģ׼ô
Ƶʼɣ
׵ã
˵꣬Ѹٵ׼ȻƽӰȻ仯һɫĲӰ׷
Ǳˮ˵Ѿʹõ˼״̬
õķأ
Ƶ뷨һǿһУڽ֮ʧܣúԹԣ
ǣһУҲıУˮ֮ˮ
һ𣬶ʱңͶѾǾ
ݺݺʹͬģĺˮǴѵġ
һٶȲ죬Ҵǿޱȵˮƽһ̵ĽȫػƵǰ
ǿĹһǡĽػ˽֮νɹ˿أ˵ʮǿ
ɫĽ£ɢ۵Ĺâ˲׵˫ۡ
κһɵĸ֣ȻУҲȻᱻش۽
ףȴ˿û⣬ʱֺͽĸӦȻ֣гһƬ˼ʱƵĽϵһ
ʱ򣬱ԼҲȻ֣ĽѾܿˡ
Ǳܵģ嶸ȻתȻɿеĽһɲǣڽһƣȻæˡ
ʱ򣬽ȻʧһɽֱӴ϶£Ժ񾭣䡱һ졣
ԴһƬհףǺȻ֮ɫʱȴŬվ
¶˺Ƭ̣ɵĲ֪
ȽӵʱȥƲſŴͷѶƮ˿
ǵѪһƲûзŭջ𣬷۾
ʱ򣬲Ƴ˿ȫĶ˿ĺڷƮݵɢ˿ʹƸˡ
ǴһƬֱƺȻ
Ըķ䣬ȫԸķ䡣
ۿƾҪ£׽һ㣬Ӱ˲ǰĽסʺܺã֪ɽɽʦ𾴣Ϊ˱סҪܿ϶ʦĲԼ취һ
Ƶ˵ͷȴεĵǰѵǣܽˡ
׵˵ͷҲһ㣬ƺΪӼɣˣԺңʹ߰ɣҰ
ǣӣ°ݼӡ
ƹ˵һԣʵ뽣һĸ磬ԣ˵ʦĽŭΪ⻰ǶԵġ
ʦȴäӣһ㣬Ƶˣ֪ġ
ʱңͶѾۣ׷װݼףͬǾ仰°ݼӡ
ͬʱěﲻ֪ô֪һ֮󣬸ĽܱˣȷʵҲˣҲߵ˹
㶯ҲȻٲݺݺͶˡ
վŶƵʧܣҼ򣬱˵
Լбܵһ˿ӵĸоҲû̫⣬ȴǹǣӡ
˵ſŶѾվԺе˵ʧܣ׵һ£Ǿǣģǻģ
˵ţƶ˶٣ĵε飬˵ΪᣬԲ̣顣
ΪǿĽɱеһ̣Ҳ֪ҵĽһ̱ң
ΪԼΪΪǿʽȥʱ򣬺Ȼ䣬ıѣҸоΣ
ǱܵܣȻһֱϤĽȴһ޵Ľ⣬ֱӹҵʶԣ£Ҽûκη֮һ޸֮Ҳ׵ɱң
һȻ桢ңͶѣףֻЩˣԼ˵Ŀֲԡ
漴뵽ģĽûǶôǿ
ƽŵֻǣϣҺȻ׵ҵĽΪʲôΪ˶ԷĽΪԷĽн⣬н֮ģ
ǽˣʵϣūıӣȴū֮ģ
ӱϣʵѡ˴˼룬ԣʧܣǺģ
ԣ룬ӵĽ˵ҪĺǻĽ
˵꣬ȴοĵ˵ͷ
Ŀ⿴һۣ׽ӹ˵˵ĲʵѡķʽΪձʽҲ㲻ǴĽ֮ˣȻǴ֮İ취ԣһǣķӣС
ǵģǣͬн֮꣡
ĿˣȴΪ˵ˣ꣬˽꣬Ƕôǿ
׵νǿԿؽȻҲֽ֮飬У˲Ϣǧɱǧ֮⣡
״˻һжʱΪ֮ϢеգȻʮǿ׸о߸˵ɿļ


333 򡤷
ڷ˶ԣеȻǿ󡣶ͬģԵĸ׵ĽĻ֮˵ûκ˻ỳٵģΪֽʵѾĽƵ˵У̵ӡ
׿ųеˣ¶һЦݣҶҲûʲôҪԼվͺã⽣֮ʦµĸĹǲ֮أȴҲ޷ָǡ
˾ʮֵʶ壬ϵı鶼ʮֵļƸǴͷ˵ģҵˣǲаֵй¶
׵˵ͷ⽣֮һŰԵ⹦һʮأֻҪ˵һصǰ㣬ǾͿ޵ˡ
˾Ǵ󺧣Цǹں͹ڵ飬֪ģҲΪѣұڣȻţҲ㲻ϵѱ䡣
εĲ飬ڵĶͷŪģһ
Ƴ˼Ƭֿ̣˿ѣȻˣº飬Ƽ
Ѿ˽׵ΪˣҲʮֵķģѾõңĸغţ󲿷ҲΪʦͽһƻ֪ġ
ҲĬĬĽˣֹֻסʮĳɱڣȷʵҪغϣǳȥ
游ŮԵ֧ףݺݺͶˣ˵
ɵ֮صĴ˽һؾ
˼ţȻ׸֮ͣǶƵ˶ԣǿȣȷʵƫˡ
ǺֻеһصĽŲ㾳磬˶ԣѹҲǺܴ
ʽ֮Ҳ˿Ҳʱֹסңѵɱ
ͬʱҲΪڵı𣬻һܼ򵥵顣
ڵԭƱ̺һŮӣĻҲʮֵˣˣ¾̫Ѱˡ
ײûж̫ԽȴҲ߰˰ˡ
ׯΪڵȷվ쵼ĵλȴҲ̫ѹ
ȻȽϴ󣬵ϾҲһ⣬ͬӣĿҲ١
ÿգ׾ʮ˵Ȼ̸֮ģٸ߸裬ӵҲ⡣
ʵʱָһĴŮϰҲһʮֿ顣
񵭶ԵӣżЦһŮǵŮ֮Ŀ⺬ŭȴֲ÷
ÿÿǣܻЦȻﳤȥֻÿÿˣзܾȱ˵ʲô
ҹ˾ʱĬĬ˼ȴȻ򣬱ԼֱŭĿӵĸоУȴʼղһ֮ˣȱٵģǲ㹵ͨĸо
޷֮ױŸһչ֮ǰЩ飬Ҫȥġ
ײûпȥʲôֻ˼һȻݱ¶˳ȥͬʱҲƵϢȻ;ĵȴš
߶һǵˣȻȫ۶ԷʲôֶΣױЩ鳹׵Ľ
֮һҹ
ϰϰᴵﵽ֮ҹĺмȻˡ
˶֪ᷢʲôΨףмѪȼա
һӰȻٶĿ죬УҲֻЩѡ
Ӱݶ飬˵ȫ¶˳
ˣƱ̺׵Ĳ²⣬Ҳûд
ڵûһԼԷĳѨƺ׼ʵʱˡ
ΣӦǱΣǰͨ籨ţƵ˸Ͻ뿪ġ
׵ȻһЦ˺ȻƱ̺ߣȻһѽס˲ĳһµӰ֮С
Ʊ̺ʧɫӦѹҪ֪ͨǣνЩȫҰȫɱ
ȵƱ̺ĶϣʹһĻգ׳ϢЩĻˡ
㣬˭
ûлشҵ˵ȥǣҺңѣҵʵûбҪƭġ
˵ĺܵƱ̺Ҳûκεԥѡס
ɱͺ⣬ȺʵǿǸ֯ʵ̫ĸ֣һս֮۳ɰܣƱ̺
׵˵ͷƱ̺ĻȥɣǿˣȻӦòȫġ
Ʊ̺Ǹ侲֮ˣѡףԴȣױʵûκη
ԣǿߣûбҪˣֶΣׯˣȻͽĸ֡
ΪҪǣĵԵǿøУΪؼľжϵĶ
Ʊ̺ӰһӰһţ׵ػ֮УԺ֮еˣû̫ĸӦȻǰϢš
ȻϲֶţʵϣײûкκεŮ˷һĹϵϸ˵ȻһȽϴˡ
ң˱ٶȺЩŮӻ֮ġ
ҲײžһĽǰ·ƽ
ʮɱ֣ÿһӽ쾳磬˿ʮǿģ׿Щˣʵ̫ˡ
Ӹ̤ׯʼһƱ̺𾪵Ŀ֮УеĽȻһΪʮֱӵĽʮ˵Դ͸ֳһ͵ĶԺѩ׵ǽϡ
Ѫˮţֻʣ֪롣
ˣһƱ̺һȴɽ
ûʲô˵ģ⣬ֱƿ˵֣𺧵ģЦǶؾȣ˵֯ܲұ㽫նݳǡ
ɽԻ֮ɫƱ̺ȴɽλͽĸˣǿŵġ
ɽԾ֮ɫйһݣ˵ܲλá
ֻɷܲŷŽǧ·̣ʵЩңԶ
Щ飬׶ԣǲ⣬Ҳû̡
飬˳Ķˡ
Ʊ̺ң˾ۺϣɽҲԼͽ棬ʦͽ˵ǼĲˡ
죬׽Щÿ˷һŹԪȻҩЧֻǾͻ쾳磬֮㽫ҩЧɢ֮С
£뵽ʶһֱӵĴ˽ֱ꾳ȫĹݺݺʹž
ʱҲĬĬ֪ײʲôˣҲˣףУòᡣ
κ׽̤һͨȻնȥ
ǧ֮⣬Ƭ̼Ҳ֪ɷ֯ɱԽ̽Ϣĳ֯͢˿ֱһʮӴԪȫˡ
˿̣׵ĲûٰսԪӤȫֱַӵľ硣
ε˼Ȼݣȴ׸һֱҲˣײ磬ҪѰġ
ν壬֮Ҳ淨
۽ԪӤ߽Ľ꽣ǣһ淨˵㾳ķʽ
ʵϣȴģΪĶʼղˡ
޾״̬֮£ȥоİ壬Ȼ̫ѡ
ҲףǰԼΪʲôᱻٸɢˣΪΪ֮Լ˼
ˣ׵ģĻ˽ѡ
ԭָԼ磬Ϊ̽Ѱоİ裡Ϊ޾ʱҪ̽һУѾûлˡ
Ǹʱ򣬱Ѿֻʱλ洩ˣ޷µλ棡
ˣһ̣׵꣬ȴǺ꣬һ˿ǣˡ
Ҫ򣬻Ҫϣһ㣬һ죬ǻںϣĳ޾ĲΣﵽ磡
崫ѶϢܶݣȴ״˿Ϊ֮һ
ǵģ磬磬׵ģҲͬ
Ҫ׷ľ磬ȵûо硣
˿ϵ˲ʧˣͬģ׷ſԼ꣬أܵǷ˼ֵ֮١
ŴΣ׵ƽֱӻҷ
νȥ˿̣׳ߵ˾ͷ׵겻ϵĳŽ׷ȥλ棬Ӧˡ
ߵķһ塣
׵꣬Ǭָ޻ս޻սѥ޻꽣һмƷԪʮš
⣬ûһУѾ㹻ˡ
η֮󣬣׵ֱ꣬ӵĽһİСزڡ
ӣһǱ΢ˣƽ̵˽ӵͽܣһڱȽϺó̰֮ˡ
ɣƽ̳ϾһӣִԱڶӷ룬֮µģӡ
ȻӣҲŵӺŵӣŵ࣬ȴʵ
ŵӣȻ࣬Ϊס
׷ӣֺģǺͬ
֪űһֻԵԼռӵˡ
磬ڷλ磬ͬһܹӵ磬ɣʵȴǿ
磬ģʽΪ顢ϵĴ󾳽磬Ĵ󾳽֮󣬲Ż٣ɽ磬ɽɽ磬ȴϵܣмֻһ졣
˲ӵ˼άʶ΢ݣٸɵĵ㣬Щɵۡ
һźˣοĻĵλҲѡ
ǣΪǸ˽ӶӵͽŵӵףҲˣмͬˡ
İŮ˸ˣΪЦΪ˽ӵݣһֱƽ̵ĺǴѹν֮
зԭʵȻﵽľ磬ȴڶ֮ʵģΪΪЦϣİŮָ˱ˣһֱǷϵΨһĵģҲΨһĵףԣʹ뿪˵ң뷨
׶Դ˴ӲνǺ֮ǶԴ֮ˣϱܵ˸Ⱦ
Ҳǿˣν쾳磬ﲻž硣
ӣʮˣʮ꣬ȻŸţʵǲ֮֮УҲˡ
ܲɣٹ£ӾҪɵĽϼˡ
ڴϣտŵģһǷϵķԭ
ɫĲƵĵۣʧ˫ۣͬݲݰO@ĺںӣӷƵϣ˿д˼ֵǡ
Ҷ˴Ŀݸɳûаʻ֮⣬׵һۼķԭģ


ʮ ϵ


334 عԪ
ô˰ײòΪһ¡
ң׵ļ֮ױ˶ԭٻЩͬġ
ڵˣ׿ʮֵĺǶߵˣ׻ʮֵѺõģԭǰ˶ԣһ㡣
ӴСΪ緢ˮΪĸĸ䰲һܷ棬ǡɱ⾭ķԭȣ˲Ϊ˵ӡ
ҲȻóªȴôʦʮֵ⡣
ֻϴӲ˵ʲôȴĬĬ𾴵ĽҪΪӴѹݺ£ΪΪָȾ˷纮Ŀѣһ
ˣһ֮ˣȻҲ˵ġ
ֻ˭Ҳ֪һȴһϢˣƬ̣ȴǷˡ
ʵϲûνɺϣνɺϣҲһ鰵׼ѡ
ֻתʱսĳ
Ȼˣ׻ˣţҲ֪ԼԼʦѾΪҲԸٶȥ˰ɡ
Ƭ̼䣬Ѿܶĺˡ
ӣжʮˣõģȴһҲûУ˵ûƲˣ˷ԭʦ֮⣬ҲֻʮʦлСˡ
ӣҪôǴĵ֮ƲҪôǴĵ׺һͬƲ
ײٽƵȥˣԼӣԺ飬Ȼᷢתǲ˵
һо״̬ӵϵʮҲųһоԼ˼֡
ǰԭģ˵㲺įһ˪ľһ
˹ԭüͷ΢΢ɳ¶ֹе΢Ц׶ˣԺú䣬ҪŶ
׵˵ͷʦģͽ㶪ġ
磬Ҫ׼׾ʱһ˿ǷȱĶǱĵ
Щ÷ԭһżƷԪϸ룬ַ뷨
ȷʵĻ֪ԭһԸ⣬ΪҪǣԭһҵˡ
ǣײʦĳȥ
룬ױƺӵıûôࡣ
壬һٴﵽʮĴӣƫƫ߲һߣüۣٱʧȷͦ˵ġ
һ࣬ȴԳªǷԭ⵱ʦģҲЩܲˣֻε΢΢̾
ԭһ֮ˣôͽҲԵ֣㣬ҲЩ꣬ε飬ͬһʣȴҲȥ˵ʲôϾڲͽҲסԩģҲûԼ˵䡭
ʦѡ㣬ûиͣʦαΪһֵõģʱôõŮӣʦгһ£ŮӶȻֻڣ
ŬĽ˵ƽһ£ԭȴһֱĬû˵
׵ȴ˼ο
ԭ΢΢Ŀ⣬¶һ˿ҸȼȻЩֻ⹴ĶǣԭΪŲȥ׼ɽţڿΪʦˡ
Ƶ飬ΪʦѾ㣬˵ĶԣΪʦɽŶ̫࣬ʱŬˡ
˺֮ΪʦᴫعԪȫʮķͶӦĽԼúõİհɣΪʦʣܿѧǰġ
ʦ׼أ
ҪϣһûлɽĻôھ£Ϊʦϼõˮưɡ
΢΢мҲ޷ʲô
ǵģγȥԭȥһ˶ϣҲã˽ģܸҪ˽ᡣ
Ӳźת죬ԭһɽȥʣµģֻһˣ«ˡ
ÿŵĺĶӣһССɽͷڴɽһ«ӱǷԭνĵ
ڴɽ࣬ƾӣ廤лĵͽܷ뵥лС꣬Ůӣֱڶʮʮˡʮš

ˣ𴲣屾ܵ뷨ױɽɱҰζŪԼŪԼԣ漴ױȴǽ뷨ֱӵĶɱˣӺóԵıԣײ㷢
ңºнϼŵӻսҲŵսԼܣֻǾԻһεΪЦˡ
˼ţ룬ĬĬ˴ɽɽ֮ɽ֮£˿ʵһ̶̶ˮԶԶ͸ȥڶ׵̶ˮ
ӺҼ£ֻҪʮ׾ͲٽǰһΣȴûʲôǡ
ڽںľȻʵǱϾ״̬Ѿﵽȫ״̬꾳磬ҲѾΪˣȻûھͻƣһſ磬ֻ˲ﵽȽٶڻ¡
ǼȻûѡͻƣ˿ȴá
Ӧһܣ˸ҲԼƮƮɵĴġ
׻δˮ̶֮УоһɺϮҲ룬׵һżƷԪ
ϴǱҪģӷףȴڶʱı䣬ûдյһ⣬Ǵ㽫䱣
ߣһֱǿݷǷģ׶ڣҲ̫⡪Ȼӵòȷʵȷʵν
ֱǬָƷԪֱӳ˿УѸٵĽȥȻڸоȫȵʱˣѾͬһֻȻˮС
׵֪עҲԼ̰ó֮ˣҲ⣬ҲСĽ̶֮С
Ͽ֮е̶ɽ֮ھһ޴ķ쾮һ㣬֮
һ֮һ̶ףĺⲻϵĴ̼Щؿڸͬʯѹһ㣬оϢ
̶ܱˮ絶һ̼Ƥ׵Ѹٵĳ鴤
ǿһҲֳ˺ô
׵ѸٵȻƷԪǿЧҩȻɢɢ֫ٺ
׸оѹʱѾ𽥵ĵ̶ˡ
̶֮£ǧ֮ӵȫûסӴ̶׵ѹģ޷ܵʱһѾ޻սס
սףȻģѹֱӵı㱻ķΪˮѹǳ׵巴ޱȵ
޻սγɻһ㣬ȫγһ׼ͬӾװһ·
Ϊ͵ԭ״˿̸һֻĴܲ
ܿ͵ˮ£ŷ֣ˮڣһƽ̹ͬƽ棬Ӵ֮ˮӡŵģʲô
µģ׺ȻЩˡ
ײûҪӡˮߵʱ򣬽ƿеˮһͱڵĵط
˿̣Ҫ˷ȻֹˮѹҪǿĸ׵ƫ󣬶ΪԽ·Ƿ󷨶˵ҲԽ׷ҲԵܡ
ĬĬ׿ʼعԪ
عԪһʮ㣬ʮһֳ׶ΣÿĲΪһ󾳽磬ֱӦ硣
ɾ֮󣬱㽲ϵˡ
ͻعԪʮ֮󣬲лΪӣһӣҪʮԪľϡ
ʵϣźӣҲֻܴʮԪعԪʵϣ׵Ŀ⿴кġ
ǡױƷԪϴһ£ȫĸһΣȻڽĸ򣬵һγūĽǶȣȥʹ
֮ǰӣʮعԪֻ˵ǹʺ㲻ϣʮ꣬һعԪûͻƣʵǲĲˡ


335 ŭ
ʵͶعԪɵǰȷʵǶ֮ġ
³һ漴ˮйĳһ͸ݣȻ󷭹ˮ渡ȥ
ײûпʼعԪȽڵҩЧȫĴ߷˳Ȼɢ֫ٺ֮Уǿӡ
ײûн֬ȫյֻǽŪ֮󣬲ûиıκζ
ȫĶһ顢ֽ̥֮һԭģԼǵ֮ĸǰҲ޷͸׵ʵʵ
Ͼ״̬Ĳ̫࣬ԡ
ֳΪ״˿ֻĽ׶Σûдɡ
״̬˹֮ױ˼عԪ
ڹķʼٵӦĽ׾ϸĸһ£Ȼ⹦ȽϲҲ֪Լ۽̫ߣŻ뷨
ʵϣعԪѾɵĶˡ
ױ꾳磬ķʽѾеܻĴɾ磬˵ֻҪԸ⣬ľˡ
ʱֻϸķ⹦ȻķϵʵĸģڽôֻҪϵõνġ
رǣ㶮˵νС
ͨˣȻſʼعԪ
ʦԭߺ֪Լڴ«ӽƱضᱻЩһٴǰ裬
㵹Ⱥˣ£ȷʵȥЩˡ
е뷨һ˸ͨ͸ȻعԪ׵۽磬ʱ޷̫⣬ſʼ⹦
״̬ͣľ磬״̬ȴͬĴڣһĸо
׽ȫĳ֮УȻݶ֮Ѿ澭
徭磬Ǻ״ڽʱľЩͬ˵ľҲЩֱ𣬵Ǳϣûв̫ࡣ
׿ʼתԪϵڵľȻѨĹ֮Уʮ澭ʮ쾭ҪͨĹؿڡ
׿ʼһľʼģʽأٶǲ˵
ΪǿЧĹԪҩЧָ̣Ҳޱȡ
һһҹ׶ĳ̳غʹ֮Уûκεƣ͸С
ԭ쳣ʹĸо׿Ҳǲֵһᡣ
δֱ֮ӵ񾳽ɣ֮ûǰ̤һˡ
ΪڱҪʱŽ׿һ򵥵䷽װ࣬зһּ򵥵Ϊ󷨣Ϊ񾳽ڣҲǹԪĵĲ㾳ҡ
ĳ̶ȣױѾȽϵˣεҪ֮еĸоѰĸ򣬶Ϊ
ԭԼӱһУҲֻ˳Űæ飬Ͼ磬Ҳ׵׷
Ӧ˳ȥͱܣȻûκˣͷˮ׷Ȼˮľ޴˳ŷһֱӴˮзٵļȻ뿪ˮɲǣ˾޴ٶȣֱӵķ䵽˴Ϸ
΢΢һͣȻƣ׵վ¶ϡ
һϵսʧһҰɫӶʱӷ׵ϣϸС˫֮Уȴŷ豹֮ƽĿ⡣
˿̣׸մˮϵͨવĵˮ
عԪһתϱˮʪ·ѾɢŴİ
Ϊԭİ۵ķ⣬÷Եмֺˡ
±һ屾һֻ֮Ƭ̣ױ㽫ʹüԲһʱҲ˼֡
ɽ棬˺ȳЦ
ϸһ£ʱɫ˼֣ϵŭҲ˼֡
ϸ˵ʮŵӣ˶ᣬôˣʺãʵǿʦͷǿȻʮš
Уʦٲʮʦʦֳ䣬ʲôö
УԴ󻤷ͽܳ䣬Ǻ
˿̣֮ԷŭЩˣǿеĳ˴«ӣҽԼķ䳭˸׳졣
Ȼһ̴ͨľ֮⣬Ƿǻ¯ǰ
ʱ׺ɱˡ
󻤷ĵӣΣšʮǶĵӣΣƽ̷СʦܣΣ
ٵ˴«ӲԶŴֱŴ«ȥֻһЦ˿ȴûһֵЦݡ
˿̣ɽַ
һǿ壬һüĿ꣬ͬģҲ׵ʮʦ֡
һģлСͷ뵥ˡ˶ŶԷһŭĿӡ
ԷһˣСʦܷΪףˣǳ䡢ٲ
̫ˣǰμףǽˣŷʦ岻ڣ˵ΪлСŭмֲ
ߣʮã˵ҲҪܣӣ˵ĺãʡºۣٴ˳ЦЦ
ߣʲôʦ壿һϰķŮļֶѣӵ컯ۼͽҪ󣬹ȻûԼȹˣ
񶾵ĻǸŲʮС
һ£ݷǳȴָʹ۾Щˡ
꣬Ƿۣƽ̷ĶӷƵĶŮ
ƣزرĸӵſضĴ󲿷Ȩλܺͳƽƽ
һ˹лСƼ˹Ҳֻϴż֮ɫȻмŭ䲻ζ
Զԣȴֻ̬Ƚƽĵ⻰Ӧƽǰȥ˵ۣ뿪أһ
ۣʮֵģҲ㣬Ȼûʲôõɫ˿һ嶯ʱŭ˳
ĻѲĵӣѲˣʵҲ˵ã˱ǷƣҲмּɵģ߳ŭȴҲ֪ʵǿҲö֡
һų˹ʲôҲ˵͵ĳ֣ݺһų
ƽʱһţȻҲ˵ģĵȴЦ
ϱҲûκεı仯ʱһֱӿŸȫڸԼʵȻһ˿һš
ʵȫѹ˹Ԫĵڶ΢ĲΣװֻ̺˵ͬʱҲݺһȭ˷ǿʮֿݵϡ
أ
ѪһҺ˳ȥͬߵķһ㡣
ǹͷѵʱó˵Ϊ֮һ
ͬʱһʦ׺Ȼ֣Աߵ˶ʱҲŭˣ͵ĳ˹
߳ʵԪ㾳磬ʵǼǿ˿̳֣лС˿ǻԿ
лСꡢ塢뵥˱ͬĳ֣ͳսһ
һ˶ռϷ磬ٲˣԪﵽ˵ĲԲ˳ּͬޱȣмͼƷȻݺݵŰһ١
ͬЦȴǹֵͬһ㣬ȫܣ˻ˡ
һȭϣױ͵һųݺڶԷϡ
ӴʱֱҶȣʹҺһ˵ϡ
ϴʵһȭʱѪһѪȴ˲䷴һٲǰֱҶ߹ǡ
ʱ򣬷Ҳŭˣһ˫Ѫɫ۾ǷĺūţҲɱ㣬ĲΪˣ˵ǿ齣͵Ļӳһѽ⣡
һѪɫĽһǿȵϢ棬ӡһֻԵ޵ꡣ
ףȴЦѾӦǷ۵ĸ׷ӦˣͬʱлСʦлᣬҲѾӦı仯
ǣȻ֣ȻںԼЦǱѪԴ긶۰ɣ


336 ͷ
ۼǷеĽ˹һĨɱⶸȻ˸漴ʧ
Ȼٲ˿ȴķĳ˹һǣһǰһ󣬾ǴɱС
֮ǰٲˣʱһģۡһٴεһھѪȻˣȴǵ˵ϡ
ʱ򣬷ۺۣﻹյס֣͵һٲɱȥͬһʱ̣ٲеĽҲݺݵ˹
ԭⶼкģĿؽôʧأ
οѾȫɥʧǣƴܾ˵Ľ֡
ǺȻʱע⵽ķƺлᣬǳ˹
ƣֱӵһɽٲеĽڱƽʱ䣬ͬʱ׼۵Ľʱֻ⽣һѾٲ崩˸͸
ۡ
ѪȻ˳ʱ򣬷Ҳ͵һ侲ɫʱ󺧣Ҳ
˲һ˿֮ɫ͵Ľ˳Ȼ˲ԶĳһۣսΪңƺϾ˼ʲô͵ɱȥ
ʱ򣬷ƱѾɫҲǴ䣬ϣжμ޻ˣѾϣҲһеľѾȥˡ
ƱɱڣȻһеģֻлҲˣֻװһʹļ׵ģˡ
ӷɱٲʼлѾŪˣҲѶִ£ֻܵȺˡ
ˣ£
ƳڳеʱѾͣȻ֮ɫȰԼĵɱڣǺȻл廤˹ɫ䣬Ұ
۶ʱŹ
ϣٲ˫۹ĳһİɫѪϵĴؿڵϣѾʳһƬϺɫ
˿̣̫Ÿո𲻾ãɫѪˮϣ˼Ѫ֮
ΪһȭԵЩѪģٲʳѪҲγĶԱȡ
һԣѾƣֱڶԷֵʱ򣬵ŪޱȣͬʱĶѾͨľ硣
ֶΣϸ֮ʹãţֻҪԼ˵νǿߣҲá
ĽԼŪΣģʵصȻ˵ˡ
лվ˷߲ԶɫҲޱȣлС뵥ˣȴǾĬĬĹ˵ϣʲôû˵
Ȼֳ⼸ˣӲ𷣵ġ
ԭǷ۱ȽϷĿһУֻҪǴһȻǿԳΪȷƽʮ꣬Դλģ£ˡ
Ƭ̣ƽ̷ԼִϺ󻤷ȫľۼ
ÿˣɫʮֵƽ̷ȻжڷۼŭĵСĲڳϻɫҲòˡ
ҲףһζĳͷѾ̫أȻ״ǶصªȴҲ޴һμŪףϻбЩһβУֻǻҡ
Ϊصţһƣǣ廤лŮӣĴ󻤷ֻҲΪά
Ѿ򣬵廤һ˵ȫѺ͵󣡡
ǣ


ģӴʮ϶䣬ӯޱȣһӦѾ֪ƽ볤λĵط
󣬱ζţõƽ
ôУƽ񣬶׾ûлңʵϣеĲٿأҲûֻ̫Ǵ̼˷۵Ľѡ
ϣرֱ󻤷ȴԱվţС
ڶӣ׷վ·ػӣ׷ţУڲŵģһˡ
ڴϷƽӲŴսףĿ֮£κβ֮ˣӸϵŹԭˣ˵˵ѣأ
⻰˵Ķ˵ǼݶûΪɽⱻɽţԺǰ̵һУȻȫ군
Ǻˡ
Ϊɱ֪⣬ʮֵ򶨡
ףȻװˣһϢ
ʱʵ˵κλҲû̫ϵлС˵˸˵ֻҪ˵ʵһнޱȡ
䣬˵
Ȼһ产͵һ϶ʱ԰˼֣һͷ亹
ư⣬ȴҲ֪ʱҲûʲôֶʹҲٱֳʲôˡ
սսģڵϣ嶼
ССʦʦɽˣвޣȥ
˴«ûзףСʦǽ«ȫˣĽ׵ӺͳԷĹˡ
仹û˵꣬ѾȫŭˣΪԭΪ۲֪ôֵҲˣǽԼϵķӶˣֱ˶ӵˣ
ϻȣɫҲѿǷƣҲջѡ
˵µʼĩ˵ǰЩݺ׵飬һɷŭ˳
ȵлС˵ʱлСֱӽʱ׻˵˳˵˵ʱͷִ֮ǰЩ顣
̫ˣǰμףǽˣŷʦ岻ڣ˵Ϊҵʱŭ
ߣʮã˵ҲҪܣӣ˵ĺãʡºۣٴ˳Цô˵
ߣʲôʦ壿һϰķŮļֶѣӵ컯ۼͽҪ󣬹ȻûԼȹˣСʦܵʱԭ
ʱһǴЦݵĶʮʦȴ˹ʱСʦܾͶˡ
лСĻõ˹ͷ뵥Ŀ϶ңҲ϶ĵ˵ͷֲ̿
ʵȷʵԣ˵ʲôƴл֤ɱ֤֤˶񶾺ŭش󲿷λߡ
ߣۣôĵӣ
ŭһȴҲ̾ϢĵСӣһڣٷˡ
λϣ˴Ź棬δã
ϳΪʦţ
Ĵɫһ䣬ɫҲмֲÿȴҲ̷ȴֻŵӶԣźĵӣȴֻʦżɡ
ϳΪҲɣֻٲҲźĵӣײɱɱˣһ˲жһĿһУŹ棬ˣ͸ýһ꣡
մŭĵŻţʱĴϺλǵҵҲ޳ɽһ֮꣬ǰССĴŹ棬Ҳ£ǰȽϣŹ棬ǸùŶԣ
ƽƫֻ̻˶ķ
ʱ֮ǰУʱЩˣҲΪСӰĵСƽ۸ڶ϶ʲôɫ³ˣ˰æ˵
ʱ򣬷ɫ壬˿ûԹ֮ɫżҪĳϻ񣬸ǴЩ˵ŭ
⻹˵ãүү˸ƽ̣ܺǳϵĵλɣߣ
޻˵ٿԹĿ⣬иŭҲֻɵĽСӸʦţȻϿ֮еľء
֪أֻҪСļ֣ȥǲ̫ѵģһΪٸ߳ɽţԷ۵ͣ춼ѻȥ
Ͽȵľأ鲼˪쳣ÿһˣȡϵ̷ӡ֮󣬲ָʱ䣬߲󷨣ʱ䵽֮ǻᱻе׳ء
жߣȴû
Ҫȥȴѡ


337 ۡ
ȷ۽֮󣬳ҲյĴлС׵ˣȴֻܵµĳͷ
׵ˣȻϺõĵҩ¶ƺˣᣬֱӵƿһƣΪعԪĵڶԲ磬㵹÷һ
ȻŭҲ֪ǸʵͽӣûĻûʵȻҲԸȥƽʲôϾ˵¶ǷԼģӾԲ֮ˣҲټƽʲôˡ
ͨ£ŵӶٶҲһļɵˣҪΪǶ֪ˣеĽɣǲҪʦǲҪİŪԵӺ͹
ǣûֻ֪ǽⷢӶѡ
˵ƺͷʮֲһˣˣԭҲӵŲĵλˣңΪصĴ֮Ҳûж֣ΪȻȽƫ˽Ƕأ廹Ǻܲġ
ͬģȻҰģ棬ҲǿأǸϻֶɵĹؼ
һһ㣬Щֲ֪
֮ڣ׵ƾȬһ׵ȷʵЩ̬װп˺ܶ࣬¶Ļָ£ҲѾȫûдˡ
һϣŷǿʻʮǿģ漴Ҳ뵽ѹӱĲعԪļһػһˡ
뵽һ˱ƼˣӵǱҲʮ˵ãҲˣĵκλϵҪ󣬲ȻΪһĺԿջԼˡ
׵ȫĺѾٶЦˣȥĽѵҲΪӿˡ
ı˼±˼
ϿȾءɽͷŸԵСɽͷΪһ̶ķεģĴɽͷ¡
ɽɺɽɽɽĴɽͷӦϿȣϿ֮£̶
⣬ɽĴϿȾأطڣھرԵȴ¶ȲǺܴϿ£˼£зӡ󷨣ò˵ļ
ܹͺͺģĴʯݣ˼ġ
ͱϣٶЩǿΪ˼Կ̵ĹżĪľӣıڻȴûʲô壬Ǳǰ˴ʱ֮
ױ廤лĻѲѺ͵󷨽֮еʱЩǽϵĶ
ʱѾڿɵķת壬Ȼͱϵһ£ȻȵĽ֮С
ʱ򣬷뵥лСѾڶһʯ֮дţȴſڴվţƺʲô
ȻͬǹؽգԵĳȴԸǿຮľ֮йؽգ棬ֺͷ۸޷档
ԣ˼±ߣҲֻˡ
֮󣬹ȵļףȴֻ΢΢ͷǴк
Ҳͬ΢΢ͷȻԹԵĹۿͱϵıڻ
׵Ŀ⣬ܿкܶĶȻƼ򵥣ȴҲ̺˽Ȱֻⶫ׶ԣҲֻһɫȴҲعԪˡ
رеһЩȷʵҲǲˡ
ͱڱԵƽ̨߶ţͷȴţϷӦš
ȻٶȲ죬ÿÿԿ̣׾ǻͣôһ¡
ĴˣױҲûע⣬ѾٴлС꣬Ҳעˡ
ǱȽϹķ뵥ģ뵥ȽºţƫĬȴùԡлС꣬ȴƫ淽棬мУҲܲڼСãԹҲǹա
ڼСãȴһֱӲȻŭӵĲһ׳֣ȻǽˣԸоˣлСԼ֪ԼΪʲôȥס
Ǹڻ̵ȶ⣬ֻ߰⣬лС겻Ҳ۲
ȻҲ֪Ҳǰǵĵ̣ǵ˼ģһ㶼Ǻ󱲣󱲻ǵǣΪиأһĵ̣еһЩִȣ̫⡣
ʮʦܣڸأ
лСҹݺ׵ĳ˼ʵ
ʱ򣬹ȴŷ뵥һҲĿס
׻ع΢΢¶һЦݣֻΪòȽˣЦȴǱȽѿ
ûʲôҸоĶȽϸ˼һ¶ѡʮʦ֡ʮʦ㡢ʮʦ㣬û𣿡
ӣڲ֪书˰ɣҪԿ֪ŬأлСƺΪĳ
˼£ôһͻᷳ꣬Ҳλʦõߡ
뵥ϲԴǣֻǵ˵ͷʾ
ףȴˣʦʦǱ㵽Ҳãʦܼ￴
˵ͷȴŷ뵥һ𣬺ܿı߹׵ԡ
лСҲȻ뵱ݣǵʮʦ磬ʦȥɣһ𿴿ЩܡĶ
ȻӦʣʱܿʧ˾ڵһࡣ
ףȴڳǰߵʱ򣬺Ȼǰܵһۣһǳ⻮һĽۡ
ʱȴǶȻĳޱȵһһȴֻͱڷɹһۡ
νɽܷӡ꣬Ȼӡģ޵꣬˵꣡
жݵԭڡ
һֱ˽꾳㣬ľ磬һ˵ǼĿֲˡ
׵֣ĬĬĸӦһǳǳĽۣбһĨϤȾˡ
˵ӡ֮ˣ⿪˽ľ磬ɱһУȴģ׶ڽǣ
ǵģԼ·ΪʲôҪ״̬
뵽Щһ£Ǿǣͬķ磬ԼܻεĽĳּˣεţǼһ㣬ηηβƺʮֵı
αأ
һ̣ۣ׵ģڵĿ
ģҪ̫ڿ⣬Ǹô
⽣ۣ׵Щ嶯Ҳʲôֱ״̬ʼҵϰ
״̬ϢԭӦûͻǺȻ䣬Ȼ֣ӽ⾳翪ʼһ·ɣֱӳ˽꾳磡ֱӵĴﵽ˽ľ磡
㽣ľ磬ϵʮֵ
˲ĳȻؼΰС̬
վŵƬ̣ͬ˺üֻһ㡣
ױòûκεĸı䣬ȻǸӣƣѾһˡ
ңһƸۣѾȫûκεɵˡ
ͬʱģ׿ʼﵽ˽⽣꾳磬ǰ磬ʵԿȽˣǿȣȲϵߵꡣ
״̬ϣʼȫ״̬Ҳ;ˣʥˣҲ޷ڡ
׷ǵۣ꿪ʼ˲㣬޾㣬Ȼ޷ȫķʵֻǷ֮һҲѾ㹻ˡ
㣬ҪĻ׶״̬㣬еıǶ㡣
ϣֻǴվԱߵлСĺû
״̬лСҲ֪ģ֡붨ҲʶȤûдš
״̬£ÿһ˻ָʵǻкܴĽģȻûʲôøУһųбǿϣлС껹ǺĿġ
׶ԣͷ˳ôеţȫĴˡ
֮УĿֿ⵽һȻɫȻЩѿ
ôһ׵ĺƬ̺ĿҲ˼ֻ˲Ѿˣû֪Ҳ֪


338 Žϼ
ԭȻ
׹ָ֮ӵĸоܿľʧˣֻΪһ£׶״̬κ˶Ҫס
һУʵΪصģȻ̶ܴ˵ΪҲ
λսƺûͣױ壬ȴǿң٣ٴԲĴ߻
ʵѾˣһΣǡôһ׷̹Ȼˡ
ǵģȻѰȱޣȻûʲôѣ磬׻ǱСĽһЩ
̣ȻǶݣлСУײ΢΢ĴһȻŻָ˹
׻ָ֮оЩͬˣʷ棬˲ٵĽ
ȴ׿Ϊ֮ˡ
ʦܣ뵽ʲôѽǲ˻ԵأлСûĻʵ
ţô˵ɣʦ㣬һĽۣǰЩڻҸܵ˲һİ
΢Ц˵ʵȥ⽣ۣһ˳Ľڡ
ƽĽ˵ţȻлСҲĸ׿İ£ܿлСҲҵ֮УʱȴʮҪֹ
ȴҵ״ָ̬˹ʱлСĿȶ׵侪ۣܵˣĸܵˣҪȥˣʦܣҲϽɣ
˵ű㶪ףıܿˡ
лС뿪֮׵ҲûѡʲôطխĵȻСֽ֮
һΣֻͷѣһͻƣ̣ҲԵ൱
ֱӴعԪĵڶԲعԪĵԲ֮
⻹׿ѹƵĽ⡮۵Ķ򡯣ܶʵ͵ģΪ磬νġԵ롮
Ԫ棬׸ֱӵĽõ۵ĽԪ֮У޸ֹ֮˵¿ѭĹ켣Ҳ޷ѰˣǶعԪΪϤ֮ˣ׵ĽҲò
£ײ⣬յĿģȻҪ֪ڹ˻Ȼûô
֮±㱻ųϵ֪ͬʱһͱϵĵ̱ڻЩˣȴȫļǵ˼¡
Żǳϣǵ֣ĸܵǵ۵ʱǵ壬̶ͬȵĲһ¡
ͻͽΪ뵽һ볤ŷ֣ʱڣѾˡ
죬ܴﵽԪ㣬СӣѾ֮еľӢˣ
Ȼ۵÷ƽмֲˬ¼˻ԵҲǷ˵ģԵ֮ˣǻɴĪҫģܶˣѣһˡ
ڷлԼϵ˿Ŀ֮׵ĸԵѾ𽥵˳
ȻǸעǣһʱִȣǹϤĸоҲǸܵ˺õ޼Ľ⣬ȻЩ˺𾪣ͬʱҲ׵Сӿˡ
ѵõĶ򣬲˵ԵƷΪҪְİ壬һ򣬿ɵȿǧĺôǿ
ٿлСΪͬﵽ˹Ԫĵ㣬Ҳɻϲ֮
ϲ黶ϲóͷģȻΪϲزۡ
׿¾ôȥˣԴЩһûл֮Ҳ˲٣ţʵҲֲ˹Ԫ߲㡣
꣬Ѿϵľ뽣ľںϣԸ⣬κ˶Ѿ޷͸ꡣ
º󣬱ŵӵĽϼˣǹ
ÿʮһεӱ䣬Ҳڽͬһھͣνࡣ
أѾüûгʲô˵õ˲ˣУϣǱȽ϶˵ġ
˼»֮Ϊŵ˳ٲԼˣʵϣֻʮ˲ս
ֻŵӵѣӣսŵӵȨһŵôŵӣлȡŵӵĵλ
ıԣȻҲ׼ŵ֮ʵǿϺõŵӵġ
׵ʵľ£֪Ҳ֮ˣǶ׵ľҲ棬ĵԭǷϹиˡ֪Ĳ࣬Ϊ˳ȵĽҹԪﵽֲĵ߲㣬ԽĸɵսʵΪƵġ
εĿУ֮£ü˶սĸо뷢ӵǿȣϾ֮ǰ̫ˡ
׵Ĳû̫ڹע⿼УҲ֪ŵӵУ˿Ŀⶼżֱӣ׼ƷԭǷϵףҲһοʼֱ볰ЦƸ
ɵؽ䳡һʱνɽ˺С
ŵӺŵӷֱվ࣬źͳվ䶷̨ϣӸµĿеˡ
Ķӣάһ򣬰űȽϹؼһЩ⸺ලصİȫ
ȷһ֮󣬱ʽĿУˡ
ŵ֮໥սԼŵ֮ս
Ϊŵʮˣһ֣׾Ǳ
ŵӲûعԪĻᣬֻһķʵԶ˲ֹһ㣬ھ̭ӵսʸ񣬼˶˷Ŀ⣬׼սס
ŵս
ǿóˣȴڶŵӿУֿ˳ȻȻá
󣬳бʣסлСꡢ÷ʮӷ
౻ս֮ҲûʲôΪ⼸˵ʵʮֵǿ󣬹Ԫﵽ˵㡣
ûŶŵսǼǰսսôضŵӵѡα㿪ʼˡ
бֺõļˣͬʱѡսףʱһֱ޵ĲӣҲ¶Ц֮ɫĵܲôչ㣬ʵѧ㵹ùˣ


339 һ
䳡СޱȣŵӵĽϼŵӵƴʮֵļң˵ľʡ
ĵ⣬Լ˵¶ȣµĵӵź䳡պеʮȡ
һ֮󣬸ӾʵĲּݣ׵ŵӺŵӵսҲҪĻˡ
Ϊ˲֪ʵľŵս׵ģʮֶࡣΪлС֮ǰ֣սЩŵӣȨһĴ㣬˼йնŵӣѡսףŵЩûΧʵһߵģûȥս
ȳо󣬷ϴŵЦݣɨһ䳡Ȼŵӣʮ˾峡ϼ˰չأʮ˶лսŵӣմҵԸʮ֮Ужʮ׼սף˷ս
Ϊ˱⳵սʮ֮УѡΪǿǰս
Ц˵
Щ֮УѵõŽƬ̣ѡܾдԵʵҲǹϵΪǿġ
˷ֱ·ơڡԼĪˣ꣬һŮӡ
˾ǹ¶ʻΪϳˣȻûعԪһЩǳŹǼ˵ĸΪԿԱعԪĲ۷״̬ˡ
֮ѡףҪΪؿǣΪһӽϼʧܵĻôɥʧ˻ᣬǲŶѡʵס
ע׵ʱҲһۣʵȷʵٰӵΪȷʵŵʮְμģĪ˵ŮӣһʱȽ϶أѵõıȽǵ磬˳֮ʡ
ɨһۣҲֱӴȺ֮˳Ȼ˽䳡
ڷУս㿪ʼˡ
ʦ֣ɣˣ˳򡣡֮Уƺ˵
·ƺĪȻû顣
׵һϰɡ
Ŀһ漴ҲˣʦСˣ
˵꣬ʱ֮ƣɱ
ڽͼŶѹɵһ֮Ⱥš
·Ƹ˽һһ㣬һԨsŵƣ죬ȴ·ֹһ㡣
Ī˸ͬһӰȻѾɱǰ
˲䣬ױܵС
ײûжϢԲͬһһ㣬ںȻ䣬׶ˡ
һ㣬׵ҽ̽Ӱһǰ壬ȴɲ΢΢һ٣Ȼ˸һ£ͬʱеĽѾѸ͵
ݡ
һ⼤˲䣬ͬѾ͸˵ĺ·һ㣬
͡
һ𣬼ײ貵Ļ𻨡
ϸСĿ֮У֮⣬ľ
ɲǵƬ̣Ī˺Ȼ׽һĨ񣬷ĲɾҵĲһ¡
ԭªӵòƺ˲ʧˣӣƺø
ʱ׵ĽȻһȻӲ˼ĽǶַ˻
˴󾪣ɫʱҲ˼֣ͬʱŽ֣ױؾ֮
ֻǣӰһѣ˿Ȼһ

ɾ͵˵Ľϣ˻ڴ𣬱УһģеĽѾ˳ȥݺݵԶ
ˡ
£һĲְһĽϼ̨ϣ涼һ
ɫ󾪣ˣ㱻׷һߣ׷˼ϣһߡ
·ƣĪˣ׾û飬һŽ˵ļͷ߶ˡ
˲Һһ׸ߵĽϼ̨ɫѳҡ
ѻȸһƬš
һз̫ˣʱ䣬ûг룡
һֱʵӣʵȴǺȻ˵ãǡ
һս׳׵ס˵ˣŵӺŵӡ
ȻѾ֪׵ǽ۵ĻԵˣۼѸͣҲǰľ
оƬ̺󣬲𣬶ΪӣȻǱסŵӵӣŵӾǻлСǼ˵ĵʮʦܣģ̫ˣ
״ʽĵȻ΢Цһߵߵ˹ǺǵһˣǺǡ
ƽϢһҲԭмֽŵգʱҲɳ˲١
ϯͶ÷ᣬҲ࿴׼ۣͷһθһ͵
ʵϵϿˡ
֪ӽտʼĵλЩͬˡ
Ϊ·չֳǿʵȻˣȻȡŵӷ룬ȻģĪ˱˵ڶʮʦãҲСʦá
ˣպ׵ĺ档
ں·ƣĳѲȥ˵ӣĪΪŮݣ㱻лȥӡ
˵ŵʣһˣֿʼ˸˵ѧݣ㲢ǲսֻչΪʵɳִУȡӡ
ŵ֮󣬽ȡһʮӣΪ󱸵ӣҲҪпһʱ䣬ܽŵӷ룬Ҳźŵ֮䡣
飬ŵ֮սˡ
ʣˣһսҲûôõճˣֱӵĶ˴ʦ
ʦ֣ʮʱԼĪʮ꣬ɽΣҲ˲СͷعԪǴﵽ˿ֲĵڰ˲Բ״̬
һΣ׶ȻҲǷԼҪУ׶ڽĸԼعԪӦá
ڶȴǶʮŷѹ÷ᣬлСˣ˵Ŀ
Ϊŵӵķ룬ˣһվţҪʱ˾ʦֵģ
תͷĿһۣĿĪͣ˶ݵƬ̣Ȼ漴˵ͷġ
׵ΪǸоĪ˵ǰòţΪĪŮӱԼòȴЩ֣òײûһԲλ֮⣬òҲȻ˻ϲ֪ġ
ҲˣĪ˵ǹ֮⣬׷Щ졣
ɼӵòȷʵ˲ҹάһĿ⣬ȴں·мĺĪ˸ƺǳıһ㣬иǲڣԭķ
תһ㣬һһ˱Ѿ̨ϡ
еĽͨûκε⣬ƽһ۵Ļɫ·ⲻ۵Ľⲻ۵ĳ࣬Ȼ˶еʮֲۡ
ǷʷʵӣˣȺͷֲˡ
ǣףȴûһĴ⣬ˣһվûаڳκƣҲûκεķȴͬԨsһ㣬˸оĪ⡣
ϴ֮ˣȫԸ
еĽʦʹ͵˲õ齣ӡ˻ֻ꣬ޣѵãԲ׽
뽣һɣԿ֮ˣأȻڵ֮ǾҲǶķˡ
عԪﵽ˵߲㣬Ѿľˣľ磬˾ѾԼԪԪߣˡ
ΪⷨУɱУˡ
׵ʱдһ֣Ԫ뽣ںһȻɱȥ
˴һޱȵ¶ȣٵ׳˹ȥ徭ĵط˵ĲӰ
ûзʵҲϡ
ûжԶԷݵٶȵʱûһ˿ľ⡣
һֹž˵ɱʱĿһŽֶȻˡ

֡
һĨ۵״̬ʱ˷˵Ժ֮УͨĽ˿߹ǵۼõۻĺۼ
ݺݵһͣ
ݡ
͡
һĽ⣬ֱƿĻ棬˷Ļ壬ֱӵնɱļϡ
ۡ
Ѫ͵һȻ˳ȥڿһѪ
ܾ׼һֻǽˣûнɱ
һУܣִʵҲʮֵǿˡ
ңһбˣһУþ޷ɢȥ
һۣؼ䣬ֻǺһһһʵ̫춯ˣ
˶ɵˣţǼĲˣ˫Ǿϲ̾𾪡
ȻǽӷȥѾȻ׵ǰ
׵֣ĵ㣬ֽˣ
׵˵ͷ޶ۣǽޱȣֻ˱ɽһǶѡ
ĵ˵ͷ۾ãһ꣬㿴һ㣬ֹǱɽһǣãð
΢΢Ǹֻ⽣ǿѾƣȴ˴ʦ֡
޷̫˳ȷʵҪĥһ£Ƕϵˣ˿̱Ѿˣܵ˳ѵ𽥵Ȼ˵
˵գŷϯ̨֮ϣˣ׵ʵ
ʵսҲѾûбҪۼ⾪һѾҲûеӸְԵĽˣ
رǽ֮ţֲĽԵ֮ۿһӶĺˣﻹе

֮󣬺飬׶˵һֻ⽱ϣóһ鼫Ʒʯһ鼫ƷıȻ׽رѧϰֻ֮ȹϰ֮󣬱еɽ
ֲϣʵҲѾ㹻ˣ׿Ĵ֮бҪȥġ
ۼĽ𾴣ױ֪ҫѵá
ױõ֮ȻʮָȴģҲ֪𣬶˵ļ̫ں˲ŻеʵﵽԲ֮磬Գ
棬Ź𽥵ǿ󣬵ȴӵľҲûʲôνĺɳͬԴ֮Ļ棬һ𣬰
ɢ֮Ľ۹֮Уֱӵѡ˽زر


340 ر콣
زر󣬵شش֮ؽء
ǿӣӵĽۻ临ӵµĳ̶ȣףҪϸŪףҲҪķѲٵʱ䡣
Ľƣһ̤һԻޱȫ֮˻ɱ
ɱǿȣʵɱʲôˣֻҪ̤ɱ¾֮صǿޱɿȫһġ
ڷƵĴ£Ҳʮֽĸ˷Ƶ󣬶棬żλʵĳϺͻԷһ
ͬưرڲʱܸоŵɳ˼֣ӣƱǾҲκεĴ⡣
ֵعţڲʱʱǰĻ
⻪׵ǽ˸뵵鶯âһɹ͵Ĺδһſŵҹ֮͸˸оһůʡ
͵ĹߣȴǰĻԵ͹£ų޻ɱ¾ľ
һʮƽ͵ĻܵһڣһĹżͬɢ鶯һϢ
ĿɨЩżȴ˼ڴ
Щż˵ֻһЩ΢ĩĶǴϸСķ棬ȴܷӦġ
ͨ㣬֪λ֮սûͣ
磬Ϊ˸ķ壬Ȼɾĺ塣
壬ǽŶİںϣɾ͵磬ֻһλĶ㣬֮⣬Ȼλ档
еλ棬ϳΪһն
Ŀնռ䣬̺İ壬Ǻ塣
壬Ҫںλռ塭
Щ㵽ģͬʱҲΪ㵽ЩײŷҪ׿Ļ˻죬ѾЩѶˡ
׵Ҳָ֪ҲǼĶİ壬ͶеܺܶʱܳҲеˣǧ꣬ܡ
ôô
ңεĶײִ̫ŵȥǵģΪһִô齫ӳЩǿߵƣҲһ
Ժ֮˲˺ܶ뷨ȻƬЩ伣
Щ֪Ѿ㹻ģѾҪȥ롣
ϣһҲ׵뷨ϾһʮֿḶ֮́ܣ׻Ǻϲġ
ƽŵףΪֺͻʱ棬ʱ䣬򣬵֮ʲô뷨ʲôڣٽ
һҪ˵ǣĶ𻵣Ȼƽ̣Ҳһܵصĳͷ
ƽýĶȻʮ¶裬⡣
Ͼ׵Ϊﵽ˹ԪأѾԱٹȣʮţǸӲµģϾ׺óԵͷ֪
֮ˣѾֻܿأȫʿͨëųҪõЩĶ
ؼǲʲôֻص飬ԲҪϲ
ƽ֮󣬱㽫ر档
ȷ뿪֮Ȼ΢΢һӦѾ֪ûκܲ̽ҲҪܱ˷֡
Ȼˣȴûзɾ裬ӵСˡ
ʶ˳Ӧܣ׺ܿ㷢˴һЩżλá
磬ﵽľ磬Ԫʶ
ԪⶫǽԪӤںĶһ׾мֲĸоȴܺá
ȻǿΪԪ׵Ԫ֮ǿǷ˼ġ
Ϊˣ׵ʶԪʶҲʮֵı뺷
ΪԪȫ״̬״̬ʧˡ
ʧˣԼģ׸оⶫǴڵģҲġ
һ׳ֱӵ˴һĹżԱߣȻʼۿ
׵ЩѾѣң׵Ԫǿ˲°빦
ӻƪĵ֮ĹżĬĬĿһֱŹԣǬ֮ģȫϸ˼ſһΡ
֮ҲЩˡ
Щż磬ȴִһϵ磬˵Щ˵֮еӦöʵڵġ
ͬʱҲ뵽ĺǸֵĺ˳˼
һ˲䣬׺Ȼ뵽Ǹ磬Լף׵󣬳ɾ͵İԽ壬νǿ֮磬ͬԼô
ͬģǸĺǳǿ󣬵ĺȴȻǳԽʥ˵Ĵˣ
νʥˣǿȣȫվ˶ǿߵĸ߶ȣ൱Ǹ磡
ȻȫˣԼ뷽跨İ壬ǿߣҲѾͨٷλ棬аĸﵽĺƹڶλ棡
Щ֮ǰΣ㣬ˡ
ͬʱҲʱҲ뵽ȻŮ洵ˣһȺ˶λ棬ֻλ棬Ҳ磬Ҳ˵ˡ
ôԼòҪǿ߸˲źá
˼ţܿ㽫˸ͨ͸
ͬʱҲ˲֪֮ͱԭˣΪڸһ̣ȴʶӭ٣Լ磬ΪıԼеЩ
ֻ飬ף
ǵʱ֪״̬ڤڤ֮Уֻ¶Щǿߵơ
ȫЩ֮ĵҲһֵκѹͬʱҲĲ˼ȥ塣
Щ뷨ĵ֮󣬿ʼ˼ԼܵЩķš
ʼʱ׶ٻЩɻصģǳ֮˼ʱ򣬲ʱǰһĸоָо룬׽ıƺЩĲְĸоˡ
ķţνĽƵȵȣʵԹΪһ㡣
˵һ㣬ֶڲԼĸԼ̬ȣһֳ
һֿԴĸоıָодţҲ
Ҳûпô״̬
Ԫγɣ׵ܻΪԪ֮£׵ľûбģֱӵĳ˹ԪĵھŲ㣬ﵽ˵ʮľ硣
عԪʮ㣬Ѿʼϵ㾳硣
ϵΪڡںͺڣϵ֮󣬶ȹɵľѣܳɾλ
ɡɡλλ棬ɽɽ硣
£ϵ֮Ÿо˽ԡ
ȻҪԽģʽȻ׵ܳɾͽɵľ磬ĻֻԶĺİ屳ˡ
׶ԣѶȲ󣬶չһֱʮֵȶ˳ֱϵľ֮΢΢һ˿ķ֮⣬ա
һʱҲֻŲһʱҡ
Ϊﵽϵľ磬ͨԪϵǿȸޱ׾һɽˡ
һΣֻǽԽһֹȫɽƳһܽĽȻԷɽɾͽȴǳɾİ壬ڽɺͱںϡ
ٴεȻһ֪ȷʵûע⵽ԼȻ
һͨɫǬ֮УȡʯͱȻԼǬָ֮е꽣˳
һΣ׵ƷţȻ󲿷Ǹص伮֮мصķŶС֣ȴǱɵ֮еľҪĲֵġ
ߵںϣǿȣҲѾ㹻
ʹֲ֮УҲ𽥵ڻ
Ȼ׼ԼľѪͬ䲻ϵڻϵļ뾫ԪͽƣȻ󲻶ϵĴɢЩ
Ļ𲻶Ͻ棬ϵĴЩϡ
еľԪ棬׸ǲںʲôֱӵĽ¶費ϵ̳ԣȻ󲻶ϵĶѳԪ֮С
ʵһ̱ԪḶ́һƵĹУ׿ǲҪģĲͬƷ档
֮ǽὣߵḶ́ŪޱȵĸӣҲˣ֮߳󣬾൱ѾɣʵЩ˼
ţ˷չҷֲľˣȻŹ
ˣŲš
ԭǸ磬ױһʥҪ鷳磬һΪĲǸӵ̶ֳȣ
̣׵ʵﵽ˿ֲһ࣬⻹ֻһߡ
̰ɫģ˸һ־˵Ľߣ
ֱ֮߳ԪŽߣڽӡ֡죡
죬ҪǴȡһס֣Ǹ졯֣ǴĽǴס졯Ŀġ
ֻ֣Ȼ޷Яζ
Ԫ˽֮󣬽뵽ԼԪ֮УʼԪɽ
⽣ߣ˿̲ķɽȻɽߵƷΣѾǼˣҪģҪһ޵꣬ӡС
ԽǿӡȻԽǿɽƷȻҲԽߡ
ֻǣ磬ɽλռ䣬ҪӡǿޣȻЩѡ
ˣױʱֻǽɽԪ֮
һôĹȥˣ׵ʵҲûٴεȻḶ́ȻΪ
콣ĳͣеᵽƳķĿֲ
ΪԪǣķɽߵԪȴԽǿ󣬷ɽǱҲԽ
ʣһ˸ʱ䣬룬ԵĽرйżʼΪ֮ǰ£׾׵Ϊԭӡ
ң֮󣬸ɵӱҲҪʼˡ


341 ɽ
Ԫ콣Ľߣ׶ִķᣬҲӵľ
棬ЩޱȵżҲһһ׿ԽļʶԼЩܿγһ壬壬׸׵ĺںϵһ
һϵĹϵİ巽棬׿νε֪ˡ
һʱȴҲֻ˲˸ʱ䣬øѾﵽһ̶ȵԲѧҲѾѧٴر֮Уû̫˼ˡ
װվȻķһѵоеĳ̶ȡ
ȻѾû˼ټĴֱӵ˲رĲλǴڹż̨һĵط룬ȻסеһĽѱĵطȻעһֵعԪ档
͡
漴һɫȻͬʱɹâʱ㱻ɫİѱգƬ̣һѶϢֱӵͶ˳ȥ˲Ĵ͸ܷĲر
һ̣ױɲǼʱоǷƺԼԪһ˿ܵϵ
ȥˣڻûдﵽ֮ԼҪˣȥ˾Ͳܻˣ
Ȼǳ侲׸оĻᣬȷʵʮֵѵá
ǼȻѾٲʲôô׵̬ȻҲʮط˲⡣
΢΢һЦȻЦݷһﲢܸܵ
ˣȥˣŵҲܵõõķչȥһ
ײ˵ţʵϴ˿˵ʮֵ׿Խġ
ңعԪ֮ĳȵĸо׸оƶ̬ȣҲʱ˼ƣ˼𾴡
ǿΪκε磬벻ַ򣬵磬޷ǱȽһѡ
׺ͷƽ֮󣬲û뿪
΢΢ͣ͵һƬ̣ľѱʱݳһɹĹâȻĹâ֮У׿ƵӰȻͬ˳һ
ϴ΢Цмֹı飬ɫĵĹâʮֵʵ
΢΢һʱ򣬺Ȼ㱻ɫĹâײԪ
߰ɣҪҽֱ뿪ûҵָ޷뿪رģ
΢΢һͣ漴ã
֪˿̷ƶȻмӺ֮ģⶫɱʵȴֻһԪѡ
ɫӰһ꣬ƯǰϷȻƯȥ
ٶȣȻѾ˵ãºȻ䷢֣ƮһӰʱǲɰһ
ԭһֱ̬ܵϣ׶Ǵĵ֮һӵģλ磬ǲʲôֵ̫Ķ£⿴Ȼͱȵжˡ
ʱײ뵽أǵɽɾ͵Ļһеİ巨򣬴ΪĻǸ֮һ
΢΢˼֣ͬʱԼʵ̫ڴˣÿ磬Ȼǿߣǿߵ£νľӢǾ񼶱ĹѧǲСġ
ͬһĸȥʱʵʵȻûıҪ
ѧ꣬رǲóһı£˾˷һõĽ
׵ĸ˷Ƶ
˿̷һֹȵ̬ⲢӰĸй٣ЦЦ˻һĵһСˣû뵽֮ľȻϣ
ԣһϣҺοͬʱΪǰ飬ұʾһź
ǣҪ֪ǻᱻģȻôô죬ԵҲҵЦݡ
ѵõģƺһʮԴǵˣʵʣͬģͬˡ
ԣֻǵ˵ͷȷʵȻҲ磬ҷԼȥẦԼẦͬһʦԣҲŬˣ⣬ҲҾɽԭڡ
׺ͷƽ̸ҲûٳƺʲôӣʵϴﵽعԪĵʮ㾳磬ɵĵתڶĵϣҲһ㣬ƵĻԵö̬ϣҲ˺ܴת䡣
ףȻҲһ㡣
رѣȥȴףȻ˴¡
˴죬ţҪȥҲǾһĿֲ
ķѾ߽ˣΪԼķǸ߿һ㡣
ҲĸоǷλߵ̬ϾԶĿģǳ׵Ū壬ȻԭǸںϣͻνĺİ塣
֮󣬲ĳΪϵĺߡ
Ҳ֪Ŀǰ̬һصĶŪԪ·һ֣ԼºѴλߵ̬߳ȥںϽ硣
Ͼ֮ǰﵽľ磬״̬ٺЩϵĴһ𣬱ελߵָʹͨȻ̬ѾѹƵļϡ٣ǱϾûоϣ̬ϵת䣬Ҳ˳Զ
ر֮ɽˮɣȻһ˿ɸС
磬ɫܹģһ˿˿ĺ⣬֮ЩϣҲѾ˳Ļ΢紵ʱ򣬴һɵķҷĿ֮
ɫӰԪ񣬶ȻɢʧΣȻƽ̣Լϣʱ׵ǰԶ
һɫƽ̨µʯڵ֮Уɢ͵ĹΡ
ϾǻɫĲ£ͷһɫķųɫ͵뵯ԣͷţԳ˲ϡ
ɫĲЬյ̤ڵϣûһ˿ѹ֮УҲûзһ˿
ͷ΢΢̹ףݼƽ̣ݼϣ
ţ飬ƸѾǣ뷨ȻһҪ֪һɽʱһ꣬Ϊһ֮ʮ֮ıԼУ£غص⣬ʵǿȻҪֵһֵΡ
ۻɫĺ룬΢΢Ц
ǸͰģǺѵõƬƬܰĸо
˵ǸˣǵΪĳ˲õһְܳƽˣΪǼ£ȴǹغŷԭԭĲʹҲأȻûжУҲø
׵˵ͷףӶźϵĽ̻塭
Ȼһ׹ʽ˵ǣһ֮ıԣȷʵǲģ£׿ҪȥģֻΪ֤ԼΪʦǸ˷ԭ
״˿ȻЩ֣Ǳ֮ȴҪ̫࣬׿ԱªΣΪԪǿȻųȥ̫࣬ԶԣһȦ
ֻȴȻԵʮֵķ֣СС۾ΪۿЩݣԵøСˡ
ò棬׸ںһɫĳ΢΢һڣӰѾڰ֮⡣
⺢ӣһ򣬿νһˣʵǱޣ
ǰ꣬Ȼﵽ˵ʮأԭҲźˡ
ԭ⺢ӣϧˣǡ

ƺҲû֮ǰȤϾ¶˳صϧ
˫ĿмãȻмį
վصƸߵϣ紵ɫĳڿ죬ȴƺȫûᵽ
һԳĳɣκ˶򵽵ġ
ƽ̡
΢΢һɫҲ˼ء
ˣδգɽصķǸһˣȻϣĻ

ײ֪˻˵һЩидĻԪ㣬Ҳܵóֵ磬ܶ飬ôѭģһûз֮еһ
׺ܿ˴ɽΪԭĵȻϣҵġ
֪ʵյŵӣҲ䵽ɽͷҲǵҡ
׻ʱһжʰʮֵ徲ࡣ
ʱԺ֮УֻǱԼ˵СʦĪ
ԺʱĪعԪüͷ˵˿̴һ޷ͻƵƿ״̬
׵Ķʮֵӯж磬˲ûоڳ˼Īˡ
Ī˴ԼʦĵȴŭϾɽƾһ壬ԼʦԭĵҲĪ˵ʦлĵĪȷʵûκεĹ
ңôһԼЭʵŮӣ״ĵﻹǶһ͵ġ
ң׺ϲһʵŮ˳˼ı顣
ȻӰûб¶׵ݣ£ǺɫӰȴ޷أ׵ǰɫӰ𽥵һ㡣
һĶȴĪˡ
Ī˴˿ͬһذ׵ĳĲͷͬıӵװҲûʲôֻͬǶ˼Ůӵ
׵ĵĪһ˿ϲɫһֺεʮʦ֣ˡ
ĵʲôø˵ģȴ΢΢һЦţմӲرƿ˰ɣʲô벻ͨģʦܲܰʲôæ
Ī˼ȣһϲлʮʦˣعԪڶ㣬ӦĽȴô޷ӦأƺЩŤ
ĪҲ˵˳˵⻰ʱüͷڱܵ޵ʣǺһַĸо
΢΢Ŀȴ漴һ
ĪΪʲô˱ŤˣΪԼֵһɵӰ졣
һֱǰսƶģЩУֻ˲ĥӡЩʱεıһĨӦǣ


342 ɽͼ
ֻǿһۣĪ˵΢΢˼һ£ҵ˽ķ
ν廹ϵˣȻôȥ
ĪĿ峺ͬϪĿ֮УҲ˺ȵľ
Ŀ£Ҳһ˿ӵĸоʱ΢΢һ˿ĪοЦСʦãӦܵ˵ʦҵһӰ죬Ĺ֮УܻĬĬһλһǱĬĹ̡
״̬£һҲûгͣԵعԪҲòˡ
ȻعԪ̣Ȼ޷ͻƵģ
Ī۾һ漴Ȼʦ˵ļǣֻĹ֮Уȴ⽣Ӱ죬ôأ
ЦⲢѣ㽫⽣Ʒ֣һֺعԪϵȻģһһ棬ֱӵعԪ
ЩһĶõǼȻ޷Լȥ룬ǸɴĽ˼뷨жعԪֿعԪͻƣڱ⽣档
Ī˻Ȼһ˲ƺ˺ܶණƵģĿ֮׵Ŀ⣬Ҳô;
ֳҵ񣬵ЩĶǰһȽˣ׼̳ʶҲ˼ֳ׵ϰԣɶĪ˶࿴˼ۡ
رͦظ
ĪȻӦߺˣȴЩһ½ţʦ֣
Ŷ
Щһʵķſˣ˵ȫչ˳
磬κελ磬ûоԵĴڣЩǿߣǱǿ˵˶ѡ
ıܣǿ߻ߣһֱûб仯ġ
׽Ŀ˻Դһ˿ǸĵСʦãʦҪɽˣúһ֮֮ҲٲҪμӵġ
ʵĹһ£ֱ֮õòȻ
Ī˷мĪļмĪʧ䣬׵Դǣֻú׵
ʮʦ֣أ
мֲȻĴӺ䴫˳ͬҹݺһ
׵˵ͷ˿ɽתȥ
ģϣһֱůʵĸо
ײûУֻǺͨĲţһ߳صɽš
ɽźӴҰӵĴɽһۿȥģʮ˵á
ʵϣЩǷѣǲǲܻӭ֮ˣԶѰصɽš
ɽ֮һ·ɱԽϿȣȻһٵϡ
ֹٵԾʯƽĴ½һҲԵÿݣƽֱ棬мļӲĸо
֪Щٵȵ·ʵ֮˿ٳģĽͨ
ٵȻãȴûʲộײٵϣʱûһˡ
ٵɽϿȵڵʱĵһε׵ϣ׸оůͬʱҲоϢ
ɽʹȥ˽ʱˣ˿Ѿʱˣʱ֡
ѵõʣӦǰѪϢ֮΢΢׽Ԫ˳ȥӦһ
һӦ̷ʮ֮һҵ

ɲտӵȥ
һɢȵĺɫս׵Цͳɭ䡣
ͷڰ䣬ɢĺԵʮֵа
ɫսߣһŮһɫĳۣ޳Ĵֱӵı¶棬Ƭؼ׹˶˫壬ĵϣͬĴһ˵а
˶棬һŮӻȾѪǻϵĿȳѪһɫķɽڵϣ֧ûе¡
˫ǲҪң
˫ΪɲŮɫƺּͻƴһеĽɢһɹǿɱ¾ơ
ɲɽͼƣȻ˫𣬱ܣ
ɽͼƣߣⶫ᲻ǣЦ֮ɲЦ
ˣٲóǿɾͲˣ
˫ͬЦ
ɲȴĬԣĬĬľ˽ҲʼϿʼһ޶ĿĺɫѪҺ
ѪҺʵǸ˲䣬ϷһѪ⣬Ѫ𽥵۳һֻ޴޵Ӱ
Ѫ
˫ɫ䣬ͬʱҲʮֵãȻ˲ʶ̧٣ôҲûʲô˵ˣ
˫Ȼ䶯ˣȰӰֱӵںһγһвŮˡ
ĹҲϡ֮׵ԪӦһУֱ˲һսĳزԶ
ⳡսǷڹٵ֮ϣŹٵԲǧҵľ֮һСɽͷɽ֮У˵ǲۡ
ٵطʵʮֵϡ١
һɲʱɫǲ԰˼֣ĿãȻˣһ군ɣҪɽͼҽҲνǼȻûУǾͶ
ȷʵûˣҪƻʲô˼
ҪһˣᱻŮƭȥ׵ԪȴĸоŮϵöѪҺ֮еƵǿ
ŮӵѪҺҲЩϤĸоŮӣƺԼӦЩϵ
üͷλ棬Ϥˣʵ̫ˣλ磬ǸŴ磬ô˷ŮӺͶѵǸйϵģ
ôŮӣ˭
һֻԭԲˬ㣬˿ȴʮֵģ޷ʶײһݡ
漴뵽ŮӣǺԼһ
ֻǲ²⣬ΪѪԵϵĸӦ׾Ӣ۾
ʵϣײĶ٣Ҳڵ壬Ϊһ£ǻó֣µħ֮ɱʿ׿κιϵҲܲ֡
ɲѪһһѪɫӰͬһ㣬ŲѪɷϢɱ˹ȥ֮ռ졣
ȴԵûңӰ任̱㻯ĵͬ˱壬γĸ˺ˡ
ʱԳĵʱֳ˵ǹǳ
ңַͱһǿ󣬻ЩаϢѹȣҲʮֵıˡ
ۡ
һѪɫĽȻ˳ȥɲһһģȴŬվ
еĽȴȻѪУѪʱ͵ץɫĽݺһ£ֱ˵һϡ
أ
ռ䶼Ϊ֮һ˼һͬ׵䵽һ㣬
һԭȻԵôĹƮΪֱǣ˷аϢⱾͷ֣ͬһ㣬ȻѸ˲١
ɲǣӰ͵ײѪϣѪɫӰһ˲䱻
أأأ
ٶǿĺɲıͬʱеѪͬȪһ
֪ٲ֣ɲȻûлˣҲԪݶǿ콣ߣֱӵƿ
ݡ
ͬһɫ磬׵ĽߣԾռһ㣬ɲǼ˵塣
ͬһطüһԷԴ
ۡ
һ壬Ȼͷǵۺϳһߣء
Һ֮ȻȻݵһ˲䶸ȻͣͣʧӰֱӴ׹¡
أأ
ڵϣһصĻҳ
ɲɫս׶Ⱦ˰ɫ弸Ҫڵˡ
ʱ˫ɲʱҲ˿
ѪջصʱɫĳҪµʱ֧
ĬĬ߽ɲŮӣȻҲ֪Ůˣʲô֮
״Ůˣ˵ŮӣԵһǣŮӣ赡
ڵĺţĳȴûаķǼɵʵǸоԼûɱ⡣
ţҲû⣬óһżƷĹԪֱӵ˹ȥ
ɲӦ⼫ĵҩ΢΢һ㶣漴ĿһۣȻû˵ʲô
ԥ˵ҩɲ˵ָ
ƷԪǿЧҩʹɲڰʱ֮󣬲ȫȫתұʵϵھ磬ǰһ󲽣
Ȼ磬̤ɾ磬źңԶľġ
ллʲôҪ˵ɡɲƽ˵Ҳ֪ɱ˫ʵûз֮ġ
Ҫǣǰªˣĵ棬оһ˰׽֮⡣
屾ܲһָоɲʮַĵĽӹ˵ҩȻʮַĵ
ʵ֤֮УԷҲȷʵûʲô
׵˵ͷɽͼѪҺ棬ܸӦҲȡⶫ
˵ƽɲŮӣֵʱҲֻĿ΢΢һݣɱûбֳ
׽ŵ˵ⶫбĸо֪ⶫãģҾԲҪĻҲ
׵ĻȻǼᶨ֪ɲ£Ϊŵģֱܵĸо
ɲƬ̵㣬жȡĴ㣬ⶫѾˣɲı²ǿ⿴ʶ˵ı£һЩġ
΢΢ͷȻͬŮӵĿ⵹Դ
۽磬ֵĵĶԲࡣ
ɲһԣŵɽͼһִռԿף˵ռ䣬һʮĿռ䣬޷Ķڣⶫôģô˵ģҲ̫
֪ɽǵطϹźĵսһٻϹʱʱܻһʲôɽϹɵĸۡսڡ
Σտ֪
ɽͼҲģ׵ɽͼҲѾ˳ȥ


343 ħ
Ϲַвһ˿Բ׽ɲǼ뷨ֱӴĵ׷ɹûȫĲ׽
ʱ򣬷ȻӦЧЧȻʮֵǿģһ㣬ҲĶԭ
һʼɽͼĸӦ֪ɽطԲһ⡣
ĵطԼģǸĸջ
Ǵ˿ʵѾôǿᣬȻʮֵԼе뷨
Ȼˣ׶ʱ¶һЦݵɽͼ˵ѾײֶˡҪҵİĻҲֱӵ˵
׺ףɲһĲʲôˣһʮֵڰʱˣˣŲŹκһ˿ܵİյĻᡣ
ͬģһĳɹԳٷ֮ʮôбҪðһΡ
ҪǣɲҲûиõѡ
ԣ׵Ķ϶֮£ɲȻ侲Ȼ˵ͷ˵Ķԣ£ӳ飬ΪɽͼҪ׵ɽͼܴɽϹɵսɽͼȴһʮε˵С
Ŀǰͷʢġħ桯˲óʹֶײж֮ǰ˫ҲǱⶾħƶġ
ɲ˵ףûʲôʵҲ׵侲ʹģһɲĲĸо
˵ΪֵͨͣɲǾɲ⣬ҲˣʲôĻ
κμƻھԵʵǰεġ
ףɲ̹׵˵˳ʱüͷ壬ⶾħ棬ʵѾﵽɽˣ
ײòɣΪɲʵѾѾӽɽˣֻΪӦ٣ûзɽ磬ⲻʵͺ
ɲεûûУһĵɽףֻ»Ķ֣ǻϵľѾüʮˣʸʮϵҲѾ٣ȴǲ֪ΪξܳĲȥ
΢΢һô˵磬޵ˣ
ô˵ɲڿЦ
ʱҲ֮ǰӵļ֮УЩ϶ɲĻʵģҲʹ΢΢Щ𾪡
ⶾħ棬Щʲôô
ʵҪȡøԶĽǱģǶ磬⡭
׿ɲΪⶾħʲôöΪ˼򵥵ĳưԶѾĻͲ硣
ãȻ϶׼һ£ֱȥ
׵˵Ѿ뵽ħ磬Ȼʲôɸ˵ܡ
ͬģȻĻܣֻ¸Ǻɽͼйϵˣˣⳡսᣬֻǲɱˡ
״һµˣɲȻҲǣ׵ûаԥѡͬ⡣
׵ָ֮£ɲּһЩĵã׼ĸӵĳʵˡ֪һԵļһ˵ãҲҴ⣬ʵֱӱڽϸߵˮ׼
ħһʮֳõ֣һֻ޹꣬Ϊ֮ˣֶıܵ׺Ϣڳɳ֮ɱ¾ӶԵ׺¶ɡ
ۻʵΪȻʮֵĿ¡
ⶾħһֻḻȴκ˶βϲһˣúܶ˼ɵͬʱҲ˷ͻ
֪ʹԼȥҶħ棬ħҲģΪɲеɽͼ
֪ܣħֻҲͲסˣڻѰ˫֣⵹Щ֡
ڶħˣɲΪ֪ͻصϢҲ˲٣ֱӴ߷ȥ
ɲٶȼѸݣ׺ĸ󣬲û¶١
ڸ߿֮Уӭ绹ʮֵɲףû⡣
ʱĸ߷Уʹɫ𽥵ƫ˿̣׺ɲˣѾһɭѬɽΧ
ۺɫһƮһʮֵĿǺܶɱĶǺġ
Ȼ壬ֻǸӦһ£ԪбʴĿԣв΢΢һ
ɲվһƬɽΧ
Ҳû˵Ҳ֪⣬ħڲ
ӣǳ룬Ǿȣ
ɲصѯʵ
ʱҲע⵽ɲһȽŮӡ
ֻ£һֵĺͶҪȫȻŮûģȻܣһԼĸо˶ɲҲȷʵûʲôǵġ
ңɲ֪ˣ£ҪɽϹַҲҪԼ
ʹûʵϵţҲǺŵġ
ʵνǽȥ
΢΢㲻ҪҴȥ
ѾŪΣ̶ȣײ⣬Ϊȫ״̬ܻɵԪԼЩ˺Ҳ⡣
˺΢С״ڱĵλңձﵽʲôĳɾͣǽһɽ׵ǿߣҲ
ԣʵϣⳡսһߵʵģΨһҪעģǶڤڤ֮еǿߵ㡣
ѡ֮Уٱǿսһػ
ңҲװʩչ󷨵ֶΡ
ɱǿ޷飬Ѷǲģֱ׶ԣҲ㲻ʲô
ҪȻƾӱһֻǿ
ţӻʲôעģ˵ɲһá
ɲ˵
׵˵ͷҲûʲôֻһҪס֮飬Ҫ͸¶κ֪κˣ
ɲᣬ̵ӷģɽͼ͸ϵش֮飬Ҳ͸©䣡
֪ɲԳУŮƺҲǶ֮ˣûʲôֵεˣǵ˵ͷ㲻˵
ԪȻʮֵı̬ǰɲȻ˲ƹȥѶȻ
ȻԭǸЩ𣬵׵ϤôãܶණȻĻһַʽʹˡ
ͺñһԣǿԻȻϰһڲϵϤ£Ȼˮƽһ㣬ΪǿڱϣȻвִ󣬵ȴܱܸ˼
ͬģͬķ壬ǲͬԣͨģؼڡ롯ϡ
ѧϰôãһλ磬Ҫ˲ƣǶݵĶ;˲ƣȻѡ
һ֣ǳ׵Ľɲŵˡ
Ȼ˺ð죬Ǻķ綼ĿУǺϢ˹
׵ףٶ֮죬Ƿ˼ģ
ˣЩһӴԪ˳Ȼų⡣
˲ƹȻԸܵȴܲ
һٵǰ˲ƣһǿٵĴŲƣȻԪٵţųεͬʱѸٵɨŷԲʮ롣
ܿ죬׵ԪɨһƬɽȻֱɨһ¶ս׵ĳС
΢΢һ£Ȼֱ˲Ƴɽſڡ
Ӧ׵ԪǶħɫʱҲǲҰףæһ̹⣬Ȼը£ͼѡ
涾Ѭ죬ⶴܣûκζˡ
ңֱһԪɲϣɲȻӦ΢΢һ˿ůů⡣
ħܣŭһȻһŭֱ۳ɽڽİ̫ˣ˶ⶾħ棬ײŲ
ֱǿĽʽһ˿ŭ⣬׳ȡȫɵԪһɫĽ
һɫĽɲ˫д˲˼𾪡
ȴûںɲ뷨ŭһֱһӣȻ˳ȥ
һߣֱӵˮһ㣡
ֻáݡһȻһţӵص״һƺߣ
ɲĿ֮Уԭɫĵ棬ʱ˼ѪȶȵѪȻһУǶħ˴
и𾪣û뵽ɱһУڹ꾹Ȼֻ˵ˣ˲ʮֵأ
вɰԽ˼֣ĵϹȻмʵڵı£ҺԼûд⣬ȻʱֳûԼֻ»һˣ
˭˵ڹٶȾˣ
а𾪣£ħε壬Ѿһֻ޴꣬ͬ½ضѹ֮γɵĹǣʮֵľˣ
ɫӲǣʵǸһǿҵ𺳵ĸоַ̫ǿˣ
һԼԪ֮еĽȱһô޵ֻ꣬Ǳ˵ĻҪٰɣ
˲˲ٵ⣬漴ȴħ棬ɽͼȻһַܣ
Աߵɲɫ˿ûиĻд˸
˿ûл׻˵ѣϲŭ޳ˣƺʮֵĺԳУ
ħѾڸܵԪɨʱ򣬾Ѿ֪Ԫǿ
ѾǼ򵥵ǿˣǱ̬ʮֵı̬
Ϊһֻ꣬£ֻмʮ꣬һٶ꣬Ҳɽͼܴ򿪵Ǹ磬Ǹλ棡
Ǹλ棬λ棬˳ܹ
ΪΪķ򣬲ܵӰ졣
ʵҲǿĵɽ׵۷壬ǼˣǵǳսûиоЩ˵ԪжôĿ£
꣬ôĳªԪʵ̫ˡ
ң֮ǰһѾƿΪǿĻףܲȥħûѡ
¡¡
΢΢ƺѾֽ֪һû˿ľš
ɲʮƽվߡ
һֻɫľ޴꣬𽥵ĳ˵ǰ޴Ĺͷһöըǹͷϵֻ˫ۣɢŶĹâ


344 Ԫڤ
޴꣬ȫĳ׶ǰʱ򣬾һĦ¥˵ǰһֶԱ൱ǿҡ
ǣֻĿĿһۣʱĻε״̬һСͷӡ
εеĶħģһɫսӣ߻ɫĶϢζǿĶԡ
ңζ˵ʮֵţ׶ϢҲ⡣
ⶾħһƽ棬ǾһöһֳԲεģӺ͹ߵȴȣòʵǳª֮
һˣ㹪ȫûз˼
λǰ
ħ̬ʮֵıҲǵĽϵĶ
ɲƺ˿ȴûиҽӹͷ
׳ɽͼأóɡ
ħʮֵĲᣬɽͼӣ£ʵ̫ڿֲһʵڲټʶһΡ
ĥĥģħóɽͼͬģҲǴӾѪ֮гȡġ
óɽͼ֮󣬶ħǰõͼ֮ϣǰҪΪѡ
ħ˵ǾΪһԷƵĻǱһɢ
׿˶ħһۣѾֻ֪꣬²еȻ뵽겢ʵȻЩ
ѡ񣺵һҪһͷ޳䵱Ԫ񣻵ڶɽͼҷһ·
ͳ˵ȴʮֵѹ֡
ħϼ޻ȴھԵʵǰҲΣͷãں˾
һ̰֮ˣоԪĿֲǿ󣬶ңˣ˵ŶԷһ·ͻķ𣿺ԣߵ˻û˵Ǳ̨ʣͳˣԷ˵˷Լһ·û˵ˣȴὫԼɱ
ħʮֵȫ棬˳Ϊһ·ȵڶ·á
ֻǣֱӵľͽҲЩʡ
ãħҲǲԣҪ뽵ҵԪóӦʵҽҵԪŻķȻԪ˵Ļʧܡ
ʱ򣬶ħٴ̽һ׵ʵѡ˼֮óѵѡ
ЦЦãԪȻʧܣô֮£͵ǵĲԡ
ھԵʵǰħףѡΪֱӵķʽûʹƻȨıЩĿ顣
Ǻٻһϻһǿǰͬһٻļıǡ
ɲǵÿǧ׶ԶȻ⴦ɫĳؿճΪ˵սء
ʵϣһֱ׸ĪΪԴȣɲҲ뿴꣬ӵôǿʵ
ɣħһٴα岢ǿ󣬶״̬һٻս״̬
ңΪǣ⿴ªͷӣǺȻ仯һޱȵŮģһǣ˻ɫļӲޱȵսס
ϸĸӦһ£ŷ֣Ů̬Ԫʵģ
ԭŮƣ΢΢Ӧ̬Ǳǵ͵
ȷʵĴڣһͷӵĳªò϶ΣȻע⣬ȴ̫УǱֳΪһ޵ŮӵĻֻ²аħΪԪ᲻ǰˡ
ң磬ûָıòķǵĴﵽɽ֮󶮵˱仯֮С
Ҳ˵һļòǱò
걾̬ª֮ȻĻΣһԱΪԵ꣬ȻữγΪһͷģ
ײҲЩƿԣһŮڹΪ콣Ԫ׺
ɲڿ˿̵ģ󣬶ʱ֮ɫһ˫۾ǵɵôģԵʮֵȻ
漴ͬһ㣬¶Ȼɫ
Ҳ˵Ҫ׽ʵҲʵ̽׵ʵңս״̬ȷʵ޷ǿʵ
ɽ׵ʵ˿̵׵һסأ
Ȼɷ׵Ľʮֵǿ󣬵ǡãһСС˼ΪǿĽϾˣô׾ˡ
ǣɲ֪Ҳ֪׶ԣͽһ񹥻ͬǿޱȵġ
ﵽڵľ磬轣ġ
Ȼ˿ûʵϣ壬ѾУҲûбҪ
İ壬ײŷԼٶĺܿ죬Ҳͬģ𽥵֪֮׸оԼںǰʵҲԽԽࡣ
ڣҪʹýǹԪǲܵģ֧Ŵ󲿷ֵԪԪʹһУȴѡ
塪ؽǾĵ㣬רԪ֮ĶĹ⹥ȴ˺Ĺֻ᳹׵ס֡
֮ǰ磬ĹǶãԪȴƵģԪȴ꺭Ǹ㷺ȴѾ֪Ĳְ壬Ҳʮİա
аɣһҳУûлˣ˳˵һ䣬㻹ģҪ˿Ц
ߣ
ŮŭһӰٵķ
ԭٶȿܿƮ죬ʵϣȴܹ졣
ֿȴһɲǵĳĸооʧʱһɿֲɱⶸȻϮռĲҲһ
һѾܵһеĿֲ𵴲һݽ壬Ԫ𶯣ֻ˲ˡ
׼Ǳܵ˲˳ȥֱӳŮ
ŮƺӦһ㣬Ȼ䷴ĳһ𵴹
ؿŭ
䣡
˶ݺһһ̣صӳֵһǿѹȵɫһ䣬Ԫȷʵǿ󣬵ȴͬʮֵĴһ£㶼׵Ļ
Ůû֣׼ʶʵҲġ
̫ΪԪĻȻӰ죬꣬Ȼڴصİ壬ʮ̡
סǴļѪǿеȥȻ˲˲ƣȻʹӰ廯Ӱ
Զܵ⾪춯صĴսɲʮľģرһؿŭоصŭֿŭصķŭʮľսġ
ǿʵ̫ǿˣ
һУɲ뵽ֻǴ˵֮еĵɽ׺۷徳ĸ֣޷סһ
ǣ׵΢΢һ֮ɲѪ屻ѹȵģ
׵΢΢һ٣Ȼ˲ĲӰı壬ȴ˲ʧˡ
һ̣ɲоһӶ޷ǵ飬֡
ȻɫΪ֮һͬʱһɿֲʱĵԪ񱻰ĸоôǿң
䣡
ɲǰһڣжʱĽ⣬ͷһ𣬶ʱһڵѪ˵ϡ
ʱʹ¸ֽʽֹͽǵĽ壬һ㱾ʵǣһУȫǰİģʽʹġ
޷㣬ΪûɱȻᴴԪˡ
ǰȻһ̫һͼӰ׼ʽԪ񣬽ͼӰʱ׸оܵӰģɲ
ֻɲ͵һ٣ȻһѪ㵹˳ȥ
״˿Ȼȥɲһд֮ҪŹۿЧȻȡԪ
ɫ͵һڣһɱյĸо˳ʮֵĲֺȻɥʧĸоиоʮֵĲס
ʱҲ뵽ˣԼΪʹ⽣壬⵽˲ֵķɣΪԪǿûе¡
дһƺߣԭɱŮȻƺһƳһѪȻͣ˿С
ǺȻֵʱ侲ֹһûɵģ궨
˫ã֮ɫûУյĿ⣬Լ𾪾ŭĿ⣬һ˲˳
һɲǣȻѾԼˣȴûü׼һ£֮УûзӦѾˡ
ס
״󾪣ɲǼָ˲ԪֱӵǰȻͷֻƺӦȴûκεķ֮Ȼȫıסˡ
׻ȻȻЦ
ǿĶ
뵽ʱ뵽⽣ƺԭ粢ûǿ
뵽ԼĹ壬׶ʱҲЩˡ
ȻѾˣôԺ㳢޸Ȼˣ⽣塪ǿԪѾ߳ΣֻҪԲȻеĲˡ
׶ڽĸʵ̫̣ͬģΪˣʮֵ⽣һС
ڽһУڽ֮Уֻ콣޺һУ콣޺⾳磬ȴֻҪԼľﵽɽ׺ڲС
ϲ㣬ֻеɡɺͽ󾳽磬ÿǰں֣֮ﵽ˴޽ɺڣҪ֤ɾʥ˾ˡ
˼ţܿȴ׵Լ䣬Ūһʮ˲õı£ϾԪʵǿ֮
ЦЦܸӦżģĸӦȴ¶ı״̬˲ɸ⡣
Ԫס˶ԷԪ񣬻кܳһʱöԷ¶״̬ʵ̫ˡ
׵ȴ˴һʱ䣬˹Ҽ˹סԪҲ޷
Ԫסˣܶüȶܣʶ֮⣬κ鶼á
ЦЦȻó˱ԼԪĽߣǿޱȵĽߣ˿ɢ˶
뵵̰ɫĹâ˾һů֮ӿ顣
ֿ־𽥵İȻѾȫЭˡ
һŮ˳ΪԼĵڶԪҲЩ
ʵϣҲ֪ûʲôϹʱ޸ʺϳ䵱⽣֮еԪˡ
˵һɽҲǷɽѣǶ׶ԣɽȴĵڶڶԪ
ײûԥֱӷų˽ߣȻһ󷨣㽫Ůɵ˽ں֮С
ģνĽǬռģռ䲢̫
ױԪջֶƣŮҲ׵Ļָ˹
ȻˣȴûаĲˣĽԼԪȻ³һɫı𣬽׵ƳһսףԪϡ
սףڽǬֵʱ򣬺ͻںϴһγ˷ɽڲĻڡ
Ԫ𽥵ĺһں
̣мҲĿĵĵȴߡ
콣ŮԪ񣬶ΪŮԸģһͶûС
̣˳ĳ档
ãڽ𽥵ĻεʱɲҲ˹Ԫĳʱ䣬Ȼʱ
ɲ֮󣬱ѾѾ𽥿ʼεķɽǿѹʹʮֵľ
ֻؼӶûǿϢɣǿıȻûмɲţɽֻҪ֪ˣֽһ˶Ѫȷˡ
ɲ뷨Ȼ뵽ɲĿ̰֮⣬Ҳ΢΢⡣
ˣҪ֪ʲôʲô˿ɲа̰ȻὫ͵Ĩɱ
ɲûУ׺⡣
ƵӴҲòˣٵٴν󷨣ѹ
ڽ߳ͺ𽥵СҲͲı˷ˡ
콣ȫĽԪ֮콣һս׵Ů̬콣ս״̬
Щ׼Էɽȴ콣Ȼ׹оϲӡĵڤݼˣ
ڤȻ漴뵽ԪʶȻĴڣ


345 ɽ
кܲ죬ĺܲ죬Ϊµıǳϡ
ԭԪ֮󣬽ȡ޵ԪǻὫޱȫĥģҲ˵һԪĽȡ޵Ԫ񣬳ɾǿķ֮ǱӡŵޣǻȫɥʧǣΪɽڲĿܣȫܵ׵Ĳٿأ
رǿķ׼ҲΪİڣΪĶǲתɸĵġ
Ϊİ巨ǾʱĿȷָԵķ
׺ܲ죬ĺܲ죬ΪɽԪѹ֮󣬾ȻȻǣ
һ㣬˴ˣҲ΢΢ļˡ
ֻ˵һ⣬ǾǷ壬ǿֲλ棬ҲһɲģҲǿԸĵģ
ңΪһʵڵҲʹӶ˺ܶĶ˵˺ܶ⣡
٣׵ĿģһȫʵֵĿܡ
΢΢Ƭ̣ѹеּٵĳ嶯Ȼ΢΢ڤ
Ů˿Ȼ׵Ԫ˶Է˼һıԺ֮˳ǿһĵӰһ
ֹۿӽǣȴЩù죬Ϊӽǣһ˵Ŀһ
ԣӽǵ㣬Ů˫ۡ
ڤ˫ۼһУ˿ȴһͬӰĻһ׵Ժ֮ţʵ̡
رһЩرǿս棬ͬһ㣬
׷֣ڤû̫Ļ̣˵飬ȴߵĺܽ
һ˵ĸоƺһ̵ڤŮԼѾˮ齻һ㣬ϣ׾һ˿ĻңΪһ¡
ΪףӵŶڽĳΪӦҲһǽΪԪ
һɽȴΪŮڤ˵ڶԪζţ׵ĵڶԪ񣬺ܾܿŮԵڤŮ
ĽȻǹ졣
ң׸ϲ˵
ΪվŮӵĽǶȣʱ׷֣ԼԱö˼ָԡ
ƣ
г漴ҲȻ
Щ棬ͬһʶ֮𽥵ɢ׶ڤҲ˼Ϥ׽
Ȼ뵽ȻķʽͬԼҲʱĽһķʽ˲ôȻᳯ֮ǰ㷢չˡ
ЦЦԼЩԵľ̬
ҲǳϾӣһȽˣʶڱԼȡ֮ҲֻһͨˣȻλߵ̬ȴûӦʵ
Ƭ̣ʵѾ˺üεʱţԼڤĻĴ׷֣ԼվԹߵĸоֻˡ
֪ҪΪ̽Ļ©һʱ伤¡

ĺһ̬˼֣ʱڤͬһ쳹Ժ֮С
ˣȻõɽͼôܲҲص￴һأ
ڤǹ˵˫ͬ°˫֮У¶Ĳоһ˿Ů顣
Թԡ
а꣬һĦȻģת˵ıԣײɰİ
ңŮвתǲǲﻹмν޵Ĵģ
΢΢Ȼ˵ţģɽż֮ڣٲģȻǱȽϤġ
ڤһϲҲ֮ɳ˲٣ЦллˣɽҪ򿪣ҪɽͼɽͼҪϹ֮˴ǿѪͳ
Ѫͳ΢΢һ漴ͬ˼ĳһ㣬ʱ뵽˷ᡣ
Ůӣһν˳˳ˮǷԼ֮󣬼岻˵Ҳʧȥ˼߹ѪͳһصĸԼ֮в֪ȥ
΢΢Щأ˫Ŀ΢΢Щ͡
ֱڤٴεĳ׵ĶеʱײŻָ˹
ˣѪͳȴûκΰ취Ҳˡ
磬ӦҲǸ确˰ɣΪʱսǿս֮ǰռŴ򿪺󣬲ʵˣӦλġ
֮УǲĴѪͳģȻʺСǸʱѡ£ЩӦǱ͵硣
ڤķ
΢΢ĳȻĻǿԽȥģ߰ɣ·ǰɽ
ڤЩĿһۣȴκεɻΪѾоײ˵ģüź͵Ϊɽûκεķ
Աߵɲ˿ѾȫĴ״ָ̬˹Ҳò˵׵ԪĿֲ
Ϊ⿴ʮֵĮŮӣ׵ʱͫѾһľ𾴡
֪Ҫ·ɲȻѡǰ·ԭΪ׵õ˷ɽȡĽԪ˱ʧȥ֪κѶϢ
벻ǰڤԪ״̬׽á
ڵõ׵֮ڤѾ˷ɽ׵Ľ¡
һ߳ĶСɽȻһһĹâȻһ׵Уʹ΢΢һ֮ԪѾɽﵽϡ
ɢźɫĵĹ֮׵ĸӦʶݶ£ֻáݡһռӿɽʱ㻯״С
ɫĹţʱɢ˿˿ƣɫĹâ˸ţ͸һɹµơ
꣬Ϲź֣Ŀֱܵɢ˳ʮֵ˵ˡ
ɲӦƣͲûкȻӿˤȥ֮±Ѿо˽µ𽥵ƽٵͷһŷԼѾ˫̤⵭ɫǿķɽ
ɲĽ׵ɽǸ׵ʵ˲ģˣ˹ĸоһȻĳзĸоǵоѪҺ֮е׽ѡһÿһһ˿ıĸо
ֱӴɲԷ۵糸һٶȣȻ
ǿٶȴޱߵ뱩ĺ׵Ԫػ֮£ЩȻǲмһ˵ġ
·;֮УƮƮҰɫĳ۴żƣűһ
Ǹһаʮֳªϣ״˿̵Ĳ飬Ϊ˾ֻԲͺͬˮװģһ˫ĿʹһװǻƸӹһС
״˿ȴһ㣬ǣΪʲôڤᱣסʶ
һܹؼ⡣
磬ױΪٶλսΪԼľ磬֮ͬľ硣
νҲ㡪ںеռĽ
״̬֮ԴڣĺһеģײЩ
һ㣬ײ˼һ㣬ãԼŬĿܺܿʵ֡
״ԼĹǺżȻǺ飬԰һεɽͼɽͼ飬Ҳһ
ڤڤһ˫εľ֣һУٿһ
Ȼײ붼֪ǸߴѪͳˣԱܵĳªӡǹ¶ԭڲصǱȻҲ޷ף
ԣʮɺϵ¼֮У˿ɽ
ɺϣ
иţȴ֪ôԺеԼˡ
ƺԽһ£ֵüĿԽ֮࣬Уɻ󣬹飬ҲԽԽࡣ
µ飬Ҫɽ֮⣬ױް취
֪壬ûκεİ취ҲǻײãϹλ棬ĺԼĳޡ
£ôˮʯ֮ǰԼȻ֤һеġ
ײΪԼһ꣬һλ棬Լ
нĹ֮У֪ڤ˽ҪҲûκεĲᣬֱӵĽĹȫĴڸڤڤΪɽ֮󣬶㣬˲ҪȫԪٿطɽԶʱ䣬˼⽣Ĺ
ֹȻǿޱȣϹϵͳ룬ڤһϲˡ

ɽ
ɽһʮӴĵط
Ӵ׵ĵһӡΪӴֻû˵
ټһʣǾįǵģįɣĸо
׸о𾪵ģԼģԼ꣬˵Ԫ
һӢĩ·ıвϵ˳͸壬͸˹裬͸꣬Ҳ͸׵˫ۡ
һֳضĸоһϢĳʹ
Եģ״ӿĬĬ£ȻһޱߵĲ񷣬Լ֮£ǧĻĮͻһꡣ
ɽ˵ֻǽڲĽ򣬲һ¡
µ۰׹ǣԿȥˣܶ࣬ܶࡣ
ʲôԭУҪģӦͼɽ֮ˡ
ͼɽ֮ˣԭ󲿷ӦöɽڲˣЩҲŹҵˡ
Ȼ䣬׸оܳأĬĬҧͦš
ԼҲһһ㣬ȻѰ˹ҵһ˿ܰ꣬ȴҲűܵıį
Ӱܴ󣬶Ϊ粢ݵŮڤ˿ѾܻΪ״̬ţĹƬĮһϡ
ԣá
һĨԪ۵Ľ⣬֮г֣Ȼһ貶Ĺ켣ͬһõ̻Ȼ
ǰ˲٣̣Ȼ䶴Լ顣
Ѫ֮Ѫ
ȻԼģȻоѪķš
ݡ
ƿֱ֮Ӵֱգͬʱֳأһ˲ء
׵ϣɳĲֹѪɽͼɽͼ
ɽͼһյĲһ˲佫ĵطȫİ
׵磬ҲһƬĺڰ
ĺڰ֮У׵ģȴǰδе⣬һϵĸо
оһƺȻյʲôһ׵Ŀ
͸ڰ׿ǰǰɽͼһλĽϣȴȻȻ
ϣƣͬǧڰӪϵĴȻڰ磬ӭ˹
һɲǣ׷֣£ѾǱصĻĮһͬԴޣ
ɽɽڻˣ
ڤϲּĲʮݺݵĳ׵񾭡
ֵǣһִˣתȴȻоˡУ
ֵĹУ
ֵķ壡
ֵ簡
˲뵽˺ܶ࣬ȴȻҴ⣬磬νɽӸտʼĳǷϵƣȻתΪǿϢϢתʮֵͻأȴ󷨡
ɲȻ¶״̬ڤȴڹҵļȴ﷢֣һɱ鲼簡
̬Ѹٵ侲ͬʱŻڼ˼ڤԼ¶״̬ɲͬʱָ
ע⣬ʮֵΣգ
׺ȵŭ֮УǿԪ
֮ǰƣѾΪЯŵļƷԪǿҩЧ˲ָ
ŮǺݺһȻɫһһ׵ģȻҲоĵֲֿıΣ
һ

һǿλߣȻһһ˵궼Ϊ֮һ¡
׶ͷ亹ɭɭʵ֪ɽô¡
ûƶľһ𣬲⿴ʮĻ֮춯
ʱڤҧҧ괫ˣڤ˷Լɽȫʶ
ʮ־ͼᶨơ
΢΢һĿһã


346 ɽ1
ɽӣȴž޴ΣաʹףҲòء
ߴĲ֪ľƺ֮컯һ㣬һԸӴϵĸо
Щľֳɫľẓ̣̇һϵĸо
֪һ˵
ͬŲͬľĻ֣ڣڤԺ֮еõȴεĻֵʱҲЩ
ʷǰ磬ȴθ;ǿ󣬿Էֳɶʮ壬ȴĴ׶Σһ壬ʮʮһʮ壬ʮʮ
ǵڶʮ㾳ʱʵҲ൱ɽߵȼʥ˾硣
һ㣬֪νʥ˾磬Ǻľ磬Ǳ꾳Ҫǿ󼸷ֵģֲľ硣
ʲô磬׶֪ǰҪŪɽĹڣٲҪʮֽġ
ڤԪ΢΢ں֮󣬴ڤļ֮У𽥵ĸ֪ȡ˺ܶӡʮ̵Ļ档
Щ棬ȴ֮ںһĸͬܣΪԪϵںϣȫһ侳ĸоһеľԼļһʵԸӡ
ۻ侳Ͼǲһģ٣ڤԪȻܸӦĵ
ָӦڤ֮ľ룬Ҳε˲١
Щ֮УΨע⵽һ㣬еһµĻʮƵĳ
һɱ¾ĳ
ŹսףǴһͬսһˣմţϵƴɱ
һȺͬһˣǻ˸ŰɫġɫġɫġǳɫġǳɫȸǳɫĹâȻ˫Ѫ죬ͬһλλħڳ֮зĴɱ¾
һȴޣ
޾ޣǾͷ桢Ǿ޴ˮ󣡢һޡǽǮһޣǾ޴ĳʮ׸ߴ״СϺһޡʮֵӴɱ¾ʮֵĲ
ռ䣬ռǿǱ̬ͬģЩ˵Ĺɱ¾ֶΣҲǺײޱȡ
໡
һХһƬɫĲӰڿз裬ս׺Щ޴һ𣬲Һıը˷
ضϵڲšţ̣ڤȴһɽ֮еľʯ֮£ʮ
ϣʺɫѪˮѾ˺ӣŵǶϱ۲֫ԽʳѪޱȡ
ѪȵѪ֮ǷĲҺɱ¾Ұ޵ĺУһεսĩա
սḶ́ܿ죬ܿ죡һ˲䣬֮䣬ǧΣ
ĲҺըѪˮѪɽѪƵ紵ͬȵĺһ׵Ķ߻ţ̣ʵѪ֮
֪ڤΪ̵ļˡ
ⳡսĲпᣬ˾̾Ϊǿ߷ʱ˵սּѾʹÿռ
綼Ϊ֮顭
ҲΪ߶ʱ޷ٴγ֣ȴַعۼһжΪޣʧ
ֹ֮˺ܾãֻɽͼɽͼĿռ޲µĿռ֮С
ϣڤ̫ԭͽصɽۼԭûսʱһȻʮֵĿġ
ȵʾΣյʱ
ڤ˼֮˳мΣĸоȴǲ֪ںδ
Ҳ֪ɽԭһĵطȴƺʮֵİȫʵϣӦ෴
ĵط˷ܶжĵطȻֵأȴ˳ء
˿̣ĻȻںߡ
˱ܸоɲĵľ⣬Ҳܸоڤ˿̶Լ
ˣﱾĩһ磬ȴ
ڤ
׵˵ͷڤĻģⲢʲôɱͻӦò̫ΣգֻҲҪġ
ڤɲͷӦʡ
Ҳ֪˿ûǱ̬Ŀռ䷨Ȼ޷˵ΣѵģҲòʮֵľ
׻ͷųԼԪȻΣյĸоǸҵģһֱܵıĸо
ӵݺЭѪͳò˵ɺ̫˻ˡ
׵ԪͷŶľߴԭΣգΪԪ֮ͬһĿ죬˵ĸˡ
ԪǰһƬռ״̬΢΢Щݡ

Ժ֮еļ䣬ڤԺ֮Щ̵ļ䣬׵˲ıһƬ
ڤԺ֮УǴսǰһʱ䣬ΪԶš
սûпʼǽ֣ȴƺѾע
ջԪмֳأ߰ɣ뿪ҪϽ뿪
ڤɲȻᷴԣ
ǵ׿һʱȻˡ
ѩأһɺľǰһĺ磬ײΪ֮һ
䣡
Ȼһɺ֣˼֣֮ǰԭսһĳȴʧˡ
׵ԪܵĺеļսȻʧˡ
ʮֿ϶Բǻþ
Хװعĵ棬һ޼ʡ
ںĲԭһһ޼ʵİɫƽء
׿˿оеǷǣĸоȻڣȻһĳˣһǿĿռ䣬ʲôԸǲҪҷԸ¡
ǣˣӣ
˷׷Ӧ
΢΢ǰ߳˼Ȼٴεı仯
ŨҵĻ棬ˣȴǿĻ֮У侳ĸųҵĻա
ȷʵиӵĿ϶һ£Ҳ׵ԼΣգǶڤɲΣֻǴĶˡ
ɲڤһصղŵĳ֮ȥȻҪȥܿ˵
ڤȻףȴ̬ϣѹ˵Ļɲ͸оӴ֮׿ֶػֻͱˡ
˵ʮֱֵӵĺ˼Ȼռһ˱ʧˡ
Ѿܿ϶˻ص֮ǰĵطԲôġ
Ļ֮УֻǾĸһ£Ȼ˼Ƭ̣ͼǰȥ
Ȼÿǰһ㳡Σնȱӵǿ
Ѱ˼Ƭ̣޻սĴϣƷԣټȫ״̬ǿԪػʹײûиܵΣա
Ųϵ룬Ҳоĸо𽥵ǿ
ΣյĸоҲ𽥵ǿ
ﵽڰ˲ʱ򣬸Ӧһ£ڵ
ڰ˲㣬Ǻ嫵泡һƬĲ񷣬׸оرľס
Ŀռ䣬ҲоܵõһЩʲôһ
򶨵һԴģʽ
ܰı˫ۣ˲䣬Ժ֮һƬĿռš
ʱͬλ棬׿ʼ˼ԭһеİ巨ֿʼ˼ЩССĵᣬȻٲϵĶոӦ˹ȥ
һֲͬǰַĸо֮С
֮УһõӰȻ׿ռŵʶ֮С
ǸӰᣬ˸оʮֵС
Сѣˡ
̾һ˵
׸оԼԪƺҪһ㣬޷ʮһ仰
仰̺ʵ̫ӴˣʶƺΪһ仰ը
ɫһ䣬Ѹٵ侲иоһ̸ôһоˣˡ
Ŭĳײǰ㡪


347 ɽ2
Ǻǣ㲻õģҲûж⡣˵Ȼ˵
׵ģҲƽȷʵԸӦ˵ǿ󣬲ǿ󣬶ʵ̫ǿ󣬻ˣ
һָоǾˣڱ۷״̬֮µԼҪǿ֣
ˣ۷״̬֮µǺսĻֻҲᱻ׵Ĩɱ
ǿʵ̫ǿˣ
ǰɣЦ
׺Ȼĵ˵ͷںȻԺ֮еһУȻʮġ
Ҳûз뷨
һܣ
˵׵ľ񣬶Ϊ֮һֻͣϢǶݡ
ϢϸĲ
ɽҵ
һ˿ɻһ˿ɻΪ֣νʵ̫ǿˡ
Լ۵ľ磬ûǿ󰡣
Ǻǣ֪ʲôɻʲôҪ㣬ȷʵҵ֣ͽɽľ֮Уҵľ磬ʮֵǿȻھ磬Ǿ۵ľ磬̫ңԶ
Ȼˣÿ򣬶ֻҪʮǿƻǻԵĽѣͲɢ
֣һΪʲôǿأҸ㣬Ϊ磬ռ䣬λ棬ǲȫģģ
ݺݵһˣΪʲôı壬Ὣ磬һ㵽ʲô
ңһеƣĹ¼һϢĸо
ǱԼԼԼԼһֱ㣡
飬ܹ죬Ǳﵽ״̬֮󣬻һɲǵĶʹֳ֣
ԭˣ
ȻԵɽĻͬģɽռ䣬Ҳףһѣ
νֻռܻĶ
ȻѾΪԼķɽȴȻˣҲƽϢ̬
飬ȻԽԽˣνĺ磬ֻΪЩλġ
ȻֻǿɽȻ뷨ȫ棬ô뵽Ҳ˵ʺܲˡȷʵҲΪ磬½սµλ棬ɽȣλ̮ɵĶǣеȫŤˣ
㲻ؾȣʵˣұʶһµʱĳɣ
ɽȻ˵Ȼ㽫һǿĻ洫׵Ժ֮С
׶ʱ׵ľ磬ˡԼϵ
ÿ־磬ֽ׶Ρ
ɻ棬׵Ժ֮ײŷֵ֣طƣ򣬶ʮϽģʲô֮Ķ
кȻ滹ûг֣Ѿ뵽һ£Ǿǣ֮ǰЩ꾳磬Խİ壬ǲģ
ȻǲƵΪλ涼ģĴλʮֵǿ󣬵ǡ磬İȫã
İ壬ͨκελģǺȻְ壬֮ǰ磬ã֪Ƕô
ͷһִνǴ˼ң
ͬʱҲĮȻֹҲǻģֻҲ֮군
һߵߵʱȻ󣬺Ȼһǿ߸ⶼǴģĴѻǿʱ̬֪
ף֮󣬽ʲôˣԣ٣ķ
ӵϽ磡
Цѣ׵ͷ嫶ӴĻ棬ԭǻᱻЩ֮пֲķǿʵ𺳵ģʵϣ˺ܶױõࡣ
һ̣ռ˸Ұ׵Ĺâһ̣׵͵һһϤ˼µˣߡ
ܺãһ㣬ǣһ㣡
һ׳ֵʱ׻һϢ״̬漴Ȼˡ
˵ģܿϵһֺ嫶ǿĸоˣоĵĲ
ãӵ嵹ˣ׵ĵڶ꣬͵һȫںһ̬Ҳָ
漴⣬ڽ⿪
٣ǸѾƶƵһƿ֮٣Ǹ磬кܶǿߣȴ޷ĺ߳Ǹ磬ҲԸ߳Ǹ硣
Ϊ磬ѾڣҲ˴ںͼȥ
Ǹ磬֪Լã壬ԼĺõδԼҪġ
ףȴϲƴĽѡ˺ѡ˽ӵܵ硣
Ҳˣǿߵ㣬Ű˻ᣬλ棬㵽ɽͼĴڣ㵽һɽ
ʶȫںһ壬漴ɽ΢΢һͣ̾ѵãλ棬ȴͻһѵõʵʣֻǣͨ磬Ҳһˣ֮ǰĸ򣬱ȫĴ
磬ǿڵĵطѻȥ
ľҪǰô
ǵģǰն˵е˽䣬ͷ˳
һɫۣߣҸ΢Ц
ðɣȻִ⣬Ҳѵܴλʵұһѣϣܰһ¡
ѹƣѾԺ׵ˣʱףס
ţǰ˵׵Ȼ
磬һѪԨԨϣ㹻ʵɱ
ɽ֮еĺһһݡ
ãҴӦ
ȻˣұǽȥֻʵЩ죬ֻܿҵı꣬ʵꡣ
׵˵ͷʵϲһеʵ
ɽİ£˵ʵԲ˺ľ磬˵ֻҪƿռ䣬һоͻ
ףȴ΢΢ĳһ£˿״̬Щ⣬ʵϣһΪģҲ˵˫ꡣ
ڶ궮õϵֹȻмǣЩ壬ȷʵںϵġ
룬ӵĻ壬΢΢׵Ȼʼںľ硣
ʱţ׾ַںܿԲ룬׷ֳڶԪȻӱǱʶεѹ״̬ѣȻ˲ֵڶԪʶһضӣȻΪϵĴɾ磬ٽɲͳɽ룬ַڤڤӣػ
ϾΪɽģԪ϶Ϊһײٿŷͷɽȥƴˡ
飬֪Ĳ࣬Ҳ֪Ǹ磬ֱǳ˵ΣѶ֮
ûǰΪ˵ģʵ
Ḷ́ںϵĹ̡
̣ȴƽ֮ľ֮УԲʹˣռ䣬Ὣٴݹ
٣֪ȻȻܵĶǴĶҲϾǴܻĲȱĶǲȱģҲһǴ
ϣ׾ƵսףҲΪĶұĶ˵ҩ棬Ҳ׼ģƷĹԪⶫκεĵطʮ̲ġ
е˽Լе˽䣬ǿĿռȻⶫʧЧҲ̫Ρ
٣׹ƣǿ൱Ʒġ
ɽڽ˵ʵ֮󣬱ȫɢˣľû˵
ں֮Ҳڿʼȴˡ
λôãҪ׺ˣڴ
磬ʲôļأ


ʮ߼ 


348 
磬Ĵ½ֱǶ˫½ϷѪ½ѩ½½ӦˣֱǶ˫½ԨۡϷѪ½ۡѩ½ڤۡ½Īۡ
Ĵǿ£ӵʵͬȵĿ伶ͬ۾硣
ǳµʵ棬ʮֵӴ
磬Ĵ½ÿһ½˰ǧƽĴ½֮⣬绹ĹغĴûɢ֮ĸǿߣ֪
磬Ϊ֮սĻʹŭ֮£ưܵĵط磬ʹµλ棬Ѿ磬һᱻΪǵһȵĴڣΪǵͼˡ
ͬģıߣȴǸһȣ߸ϵĴڡ
رһЩӴңԼ֮Ĵţˡ
ķʮֵϽһķǰ㣬ʮǿ©
ˣϽӴķ֮£ĵȼʵĻ֣ʮֵԵġ
Ѷȣʮֵľˡ˵ǣȴ֮һ磬ȴ֮һϣ۾硣۾磬Ĵ½Ҳʮ˶ѣǿߣȻĴ½ͳߣ
ΪʮֵϽ˷ϵĸԽǿʵҲԽǿ
磬״̬״̬ǳԽν״̬״̬ÿˣӵꡣ꣬ǲģֻž𽥵ǿ
Ѫ½ϣߵķɽϷȻ˸ţӰʱĵĴУ˸Ǳ
˸ճ֣㳹׵ıһɺ嫶Ӵϣţ˶һһǱӣɲҺһ
֮УһһŮˣһҺһӣȴǴɽˡ
׺˴˿ͦǱڳ֮־νǾһ
һսΪǿӲĿˣ٣
ʱ׺˲֪Ŀ£
һӴĿռʱӦһɱըᴩ塣
ָоǺȻ䱻Ͷ͹֮һ˺ѷΡ
أأأ
صԼһˣˤͷԵģֲǣļӲĳ̶ȣĲ
Ͻ˵Ͻܣ
Ϊеĸܣ磬˾Ե
ƺһжôԲ
סǿںϸʹ̣࣬Ȼʹ࣬־ͣҲ׼˵ûвҺ
ʱлڶǿ֮С
˵ڵϣûж׸ʶˣźȻ֣Ͻķ֮£Щ޷ãҼʹǶˣҲûκεЧ
һ׶ʱ׵磬ԭȻǿߣǶôС
ǿϵͳǿľ磬ǿĵ棬ԼǿĿռ䣬һСĸо
˵ŬĿǿȻͬڶЩϢʹˡ
ȿȡ
ǺƬѪˮʱ֪ưܵµλ棬ԭǶǿߣҲ˵Ĳһ
ʱףľ˾׵һһ˵ļȵĸо
ԭµλ棬ǵµλ棬Լڵλռ䣬Ĵڡ
ѹ֡
Ǹλ治£Ӧߵһ㣬ﵽνɵԲȻɡ
ţֿٴεǺѪ
϶Ѫˮǿ磬ǿѹ𺳵ͬʱһɶļ˵Ŀ
ûǿףоһɲǣĵ׵Ѫʼ
ϵսףԭӦӵƷǿȣʱײ֪ЩֻܹļƷѡ
λ棬ƺҪĽܣǱܵһԺ֮Īı֪ʶЩ֪ʶԵĹ壬𽥵Ĵݹġ
Щ֪ʶΪҲĴ½֪ʶЩ֪ʶ˼򵥵֪֪Լ֪ʹ½˿ڵȵȡ
磬ʵӴĲ˼飬µѪ½ӵſֲǧڵ˿ڣһ˿ֻ֮һôǧ˿ڣӵǧ
ǧ֮Уȴֻнۣ
ɲ˿ڣɲľ磡
׸оԼѪڲҲоδսܣƺˣ
ֻ磬Լİ
ЦЦһļᶨ
徭Ĵ죬̤˵һĴﵽ˵ľ磬꣬Ҳȫתꡣ
վŹĵĿˣɽİƬ̺ҲվȻǵĿһۡ
ȻҲ֪硣
һЦȻס˵֣
˿̣һ꣬Ȼ֮УϻɢİɫԭϵɫҲʮֵŤ
ɽİ˵ľ磬Ѿﵽ˵ڣ˿̱󣬾ҲȫȶʵϣʵѾҪǿ֡
ǣȻ˴ȴȻܸܵǿ
΢΢һ֮ײ֪⽣ȻʹãѾʮ־ˣףȴȻ׼⹦һȻ
ϾϤĹ
ɽͷһۿȥûз˵Ĵڣһ꣬ҲôϾΣ֮Լزģȶһĺá
Ĵ֮󣬱͵ˡ
ӽ⿪ʼ򣬺̣Ҳɼ򵥣֮Уȴˡ
ǽĽˣΪķϽӽ֮еĹӦ󣬶˻ٵĴ
һҲ˳֮Ľ꾳֮Ҫٽ뽣״̬ȴЩ
ǣҲ׵ʵתˣرȫٴλָ˽һĸо׷֣ǿȫģֻҪӦķһֲ
ͬģľ磬ѾϺˣֻһֹѣ
Ϊ˷ɽһ㣬ȴûдĸı䡣
ΪҪһǣ״˿̺ţһ⶯£ָͷ˲ѣɽͬɽһ
𽥵ǿ˼ֻ֣֪Ҫھĸֲע⣬ҲԴģһӵǹĺһ
һȫʱų֮ٴεվ
ȿߵɢϢӦߵλӵʱмˡ
̲һУȴûз˺ӵ
ߣٲأҿɲˣ
ӵһʵ΢ѱСαһĻֱɱ˱ǣС֪Ϊɽ磬Ǿߣ磬ҲҼ壬ֻҪ

ȵرŴɱףŭˡ
磬˶òϤóսҪǣоõǿޱȵķʮΣյĸо˲Ųܶ϶ԼɱԷŭȡ
ˣ˶Ȼնɱ
ʱ̸ɫ΢΢һû˵ȴֻʾԵˣһ
ߣ
Գ۵һʱ΢΢һȴһ£Ȼתɽȥ
ȻΪл˲ƣȴǱ˵Եʡ
ףϣȴһ˿Цݡ
ˣƺرɽĵأϻƺķ
սȭͷһɱ
ʱȴǺȻס׵֣׶ߵ׸磬Ҫ֣˲򵥣һһɱǾˣң£øϽ뿪
׸Ҫ˵üͷȻһƣһӰԶһɰɱ⡣


349 Ĺ
һλھΪֻƿؿռ֮У
ӿܵǣһλĸ֣ȻӴ˿ڻϣĸֺܶࡣһ˿ڲһλĸʣԵĸ֣Ҳʮѵõģ٣ǿ磬ܺ޼ɵġ
һɫĲӰԿһλɫս֮ˡ
Ӵ󵽿ֲѹҲ֤˴ʮֵǿ
΢΢һ֮£ѾݡһǰԶ
ǰǰˣڿ֮󣬺Ȼʮֵĸˣʱĵʦ壬ˣʦ
߰ɣȥ˵ǱʦɫƺûжٺøС
ǣʦ壡
겻Υ棬ǻǳһµʦ壬Ӹոշӱ㶯ɱϣʦΪӳ棡
࣬磬Ϊɽ磿Ǳʦ֮ɫһ˵˵ţȴתۿ׺һۡ
Ŀ⣬׺˶ʱһǿΣС
˽Ŀ˻Ŀ䣬ֻһɺжȻͷϲ亹乡
һץס죬ӶȻһӰ˳ȥ
ʱȴڷʱ򣬷ĳһӴ֮
͡
ƵͬӴ󺣣Ӵޱߣ
羪κһ㣬ռ䶼˿˿壬ЩŤ˲׵ǰ
״󾪣ʱ˱㶸Ȼ׵ǰ׵ٶȸ죬˲ȫĿϵǿļƷս׵ķͬһػһ
ʮֵţܶ׶һɱ
أ
ռ䶼ݺݵһˣݺݵĵ˳ȥһĻͷ
ۡѪڵϣϵս׵ȣѾȫĻΪ촷ۣ
ˣͬϵػսףҲˣ
ǳƷػҲһ˲䱻ˣǷɽʣѾȼƷǿȣػսױϵʱǹɱҲ˲٣ûбһĨɱ
϶ȾѪʱ׿νǷŭ֮ûгôĿһ㱻ɱ
ʮֵĲʣĳײɳ˼֡
߻Թȥˣ׳û˵ֻǵзһųƷĹԪȻԼҲһţŬĻָ
磬ΣգɽͷǳģûκεػҲûа취ֻܼٵĻָ״̬
򼫴󣬶֮ǰ˷ǿһѾķţʵֻǶʱ䲻ɽͷˡ
ԵĽκأ׵˿Ϊ֮ҲףһЩǿԽʶʮӴ˿ڶʱѰ࣬ߣ
ʱûǰ˶֣Ȼǿֻϡ
ƷԪҩЧȻǴڵģ磬ҲȻƬ̾ͻָ˴ƣҩЧȻͣ岢١
żƷԪ£ѾȫĻָ˹
ʱ֮׺˶ȫĻָ֮󣬲վ
ʱ׺˲֪Է֮ˣҪȥǧѣ
ңȨƣʵֵ͡
׸磬ҪģǲǻôȻԭôǿľ磬磬һҲԵģ˼ᶨ˵
жʱһů⣬ǰİеİ壬Ȼ죬ǺôҲǴܻ֮ģû˿ãҲΪοԼ·
ңԽΪѾΪ˷ɽǿȶﵽ˼Ʒǿȣʲô
ôһ룬׶ʱİٱˣǿĽֻҪǲڵĸ֣ԼȻ򲻹ǻӵĹģ
ңȻܴﵽǿȣôָΪɽ͵ϮֻҪԷս׷ô
׺ܿ⣬ɿ˿ǰ಻ɽһۣӿһɽͷ뷨
˶ģˣ׽˵֣ŵ˵
ȷʵκһǿߣǿȵתʱ򣬶ǻᱻġ
ͺñһվɽˣȻ䷢ԼվɽԭԨϿ֮еһСɽ𣬶˶Ͽ֮ϸĸоȻܡ
ʲôˣ뵱һð嵽£ɱԩħ֮ǿ֣һȻԷһжӲס
ȻǱܴģ˵Ļøġ
ŽԪͷųӦײοЦĹطǿԪ񣬶ԸӦʮ׵ĵطֱ͸ˡ
˴ﵽڣҲӦ׵ĵطҲûʲôá
˴һɽͬʱʮֵľ裬һ˽ʱûзʲôˣ׺˼֡
һɽ֮аȻ׳Ž󷨲ܣ󷨣ȴΪϽ
һ󷨣ȻУǵ󷨣Ѿˣ׸ЩŭΡ
ѹֵǱѹ޷йһ㣬׾ãȥǷ˲ɣ
һƬϿһɽ꣬ܺǻߣײȷʱӦò˹ˡ
ɽҰ֮Σ֮ԼںڵĸżĴ֮⣬治ʲôûµܣΪ
ɽҰ벻гȺӵ˿ޣɱ޽𵤣һɱ䵥ЩڵԪӤҲǳԪľ壡
ԣĽҰ⣬νΣ֮
ˣʱߣûŻҲûޣڴﵽɽϿȵʱ˿ͬʱҲǽˡ
һ紵ײõһŤССһ󷨣Ϊ嶼ǴģԶʱ㱻ˡ
ûȻһ㣬һʱ뵽˵ڵĵ뵽νĸԼ󷨷ֽ⣡
۾͵һ
׵רĵҲиӦΪϸĻ
ĳֿռŵ״̬׸ӦܵЩ񱩻ҵⵥһֻȥǹԵĵһ֮
͡
΢𶯣˵׵񣬶ʱ򣬸Ӧһ׸оԼµĴؾȻںһ
΢΢һϲ׾ϲķ֣ЩԭĶĿõģֻҪѰʵķܽǿһĸ
󷨵ǿȣǿģһԪʯһ弶Ʒ󷨣Ӧһǰڵĸˣ
׵˹ȥ׵ȫں֮УԣҲеһ֣ڴĹ֮У׺Ȼһ󷨽ƣ
һ󷨽ƣ
ȻʵǿǼʶڵģ˲ж⾹Ȼһִﵽ˰˼Ʒ󷨸ǿȵ󷨽ƣ
״ϲݶ֮֮еԵһ˿ˣ󷨼Ӵ󣬶Ȼ޷תˡ
ַǵ״ﵽ޾磬ķû뵽ĵطȻʹã
һ֮ĲٿأͲʲô֣֮ϵĵλ֪ʶ׷֣Ҫַ󷨵ĻǾԿеģȻһҲûа취ġ
ǿڣ׵жʱЩˡ
нƣͬȵııڣȻһ˼󷨣ëػһɽ
ǿűܸһΣգֲûر𲻰ĸоŴˣſƽһطȥ
ĲݵغͲ֪ɫľ׺ˣû˿ԥ
ףȻʮֵΣҲûȥʲô
ע⣬Ҫȥˡ
΢΢һ漴׷ʲôһֱƽҲЩٵˡ
׸磬ǲǷʲôˣ
˷ܵʵ˫ѾһƯ
׵˵ͷȻˣ·Ȼʧա
һ̣˶ʱóĿռ䣬׺ͣٵĴõͬǻĮգһޱȵĿռ֮С
ʱʱûǰĿռ飬ǼæٴεĽصԭ֮УǿҲˡ
ŪһУײ˿
ĿտĵطźȻ
ȻطԱɽɽ֮£Բĵط޵Ŀռ䡣
ƺǱھĳ߶һĿռ䣡
׵ģɺݺݵ鴤һ£⣬Ҳֲ̫˰ɣ
ռ䣬һ㶼谵ռ֮УԪӤ壬ÿһţɢǿĹâռ䵹ӳʮֵ
֮󣬴һż׺˵Ժ֮Уͬʱ⸮ۡѶϢ
һǿйѶϢ
õѶϢ֮׺˵ɫһ˲ʮֵĹŹ֣һ˿Һ
ΪʱףɽɽĹصĵΧĹأſֲĴССİ˼󷨾żԼǬ󷨡
ɽ಻ֹϿԨ
ڴһ󷨣һ룬˼󷨣ż󷨣ԼǬ󷨣ֻۣҲǳԲ˶ˣ
紫ݵĻ֪ʶȻ˵ĹأҲûܣң׸֪ɽĹر߽ķɽ
ˣ
׺ӿЦ
ѹﵽûûɱٵǿԭĹصķΧ
ǣ𾪵ģ׺˶ˣͨƳһ󷨣ȻһĹ֮У
ĹأĹʮĹģĹ֮Уô£û֪
׺ǽһĹҲȻ֪¡
ٴοЦȻˣܺù汻׷ɱˣ
棬ֻҪӦò̫Σհɡ
˼ţȴЩǣҲͿŷ֮һĹػϾûа취顣
Ĺأʲôõطô


350 Կ̽ɫ֮Ĺ
֮һһķֿĹȻŸ
ַ˵Ϻߣ׵Ҳǰ޹˵һΰĴˡ
һ֮棬׿ɿƵĵһܴﵽ˼󷨷ֽĵһĳ̶ȣһ㣬ʹ׿ײĽĹء
£ڳ֮ں֮ȻŬĸ
⸴ϵĹȻѣ׻Ӵľģ㣬ǿֵ󷨣ֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ҲǿŪġ
ΣգĹ֮УΣķײΪ棬;Եİȫˣм
ֱ˼ȫĸϳɹȻϣڰ˼Ʒ󷨣Ѿ㹻ˣ٣Ūһ԰ȫĵطˡ
٣Ĺأػ֮УȫѾԷˡ
󷨳ɹ֮һӨĹγһ޴İΣ׺档
Ĺâɢ͵ж˼֡
׺һ˲١ǰ״С󷨿ռ䣬ѾȽϵˡ
Ͼų磬ҪĻǽΪȻʸ顣
һ˾ΪŬȻʵϸ̽һĹء

֮УһδεŽκνǵؾ磬Ҳƣ׵üͷҲ
ǣѾںϳΪԪѾٸܳʹһȫƿ״̬
ɾͽ꣬Ϊɽ˵ļǿ񣬽һ޷ͨôģΪѡ
ĬĬĳ˼ţԺ֮һƬǿն۹ȴ¶˵
ȻǰһʱһǿĴӿȻȻһ£
ģν⡢ġ顢꣬϶һ¶ѣ˷ءط졢취Ȼ
ҲǣѾ϶ǵģôν꣬ҲͳΪ˽ǡ
ϣ۽ģ⡢߽꣬ԪôأҲһǣ
̫עظЩϵĶ
ڵϵִ֮У˵Уࡢࡢࡢ࣡Ҳ˵Ĵڣǿ߶ԣΨĶѣ
ǿ֮ģʵ
ǵģ˭ܳɾͰԽߡף
̬ı仯ֱ͸˽ǵ״̬Ȼ̬˽ǵľϵͻơ
˵Ͳͻƣͷβûʲô̫ת䣬ǿģѾˡ
ģһų費ߵģ
ǣҲԪҲȻԪ
Ԫء
ķˣپδ֪Σգپͬµλ»߲£ܱܿЩѵġ
ԣ̬֮£׳׷ſ顣
Ϊ㣬Ԫ׵ĸ֪ʱͿռ𽥵һ
ײȱǱʣֻȱĸдͶļѣѾװסˡ
ȻҲĹǿŨĳ̶йϵġ
ǿȻʹ׵ĸ֪ٱ
밲ΪλĿռ䣬׵ԪԼʵ֮ҲԲ
һεԪ׵ġԪ׺ΪķſˣϵÿһϸĿռ֮עţȻıš
磬ÿһζ򣬶ᱻĿռ֮壬ԽܷſԽãҲǽĸԴڡ
ײѾ׵ķſ˻ĹǿޱȵĿռ֮ĸ졣
͡
ⱬըѵôڣ϶
ǣƽʱüף˿ȴһº͡һܵģ
ǵЦݣüëҸƣ𽥵ķ
ǿռ֮ʹҲ΢΢¶һڴĿ⣬ĿİĽҲôֿ
׸оһռ֮УϵתţȻȥ
ȻḶ́ƺڲϵӳϵϣűһʹĸоʱͬģʱͬ
еһУ׶ƽĶԴѾ֪ǾḶ́ľḶ́
֪Ḷ́ʮֵѵõģײűΪƽк͵̬
ʱţûľĹ֮У£ײ֪֪Ḷ́Ѿʮ֮á
죬ɶһֹѵĸоĴ׸оԼǴһʯͷ֮ѿȻ˳һ
ԵĸоϳŵģҲôǿ
ڣԭضӴƺһ̣޵Ķ
׸оԼƺհ
۾Ҳ˺ܶ࣬һָĸоУþòɢȥ
һڵվȫĹͷıϣǱݶɳĻҳ
ͷڵ϶ѻ˽ףָףʮ޳мֲ԰׵ɫſŷݵĺ룬ʱ׾ԼĲˡ
磬ΪϽʹͬʱǻɳģǴﵽ磬ſɿֻܵȻκˣֲģ
һ˵ȫת˹ָ׳ȣȻȫϣȫҲȫųʣˬޱȡ
һԲĸоһӦ㷢֣һεʵѾﵽ˺ڵľ磬һ˺ڵľ磡
־磬ͬȴε֮У׸оԼӦ޵еģ
ˣ׸˵ǣЩĶĬĬ֮УȻȫ׵Ԫ񣬲Ұȷķʽ
Ҳǣ൱κڿǰͨǿߵ·£ǰĵ·Ѿ̳ɳˣȻ·ǲƲģмߴδε·˲ȱҲ˲·ģ
˵ǣǾĵһءɹˣңΪǿޱȣԼĿȼƷаգֻҪӴԼֱָ۵ȣԵɷɽʹá
мԾԾˣʵĽټϷںϽԪ֮Уʹ׵ԪʮֵȶĲķ˿ڰ˼󷨷棬ȫû⡣
˼Ʒϵ󷨣ҲһĸֲСˣϾվ֮вҲĪκΣ
ԱԱˣ
кܸˣҲܼ̬ĲͬȻ侲
һǸоϵƱ仯׷֣ԼԪֱӵӰˣʹҲͬĽ־硣
˵ĻǿֵõɽĴУ˿ڽ״̬һΣ˵ʵѾͻƵ˺ڣȴȻûֹͣ
ЩȣǸǾϲ
ͬʱױ㰲ʼϾǱĶײҴ⡣
㣬Ҳǵȴ
ʱţתۣǶʮȥˡ
һ죬׸оԼںܶʱڽԪһΪߣһãٿߴ˲ںϣγɰ˼ĸƷ󷨵ʱڳˡ
˵ͻˣľ磬Ȼ񾳽ǰڣʵѾǿ˺üˡ
Ͻķ£ԽɱУѾΪã֮Ĳ࣬ǰںڵȻпܿԽʵɱУǼ˺ǿߣҲ̫ܺһǰڵսΪ־ϵĺ蹵̫ңԶ
ͬģڣǰڵľ룬ңңڣŲɿԽĺ蹵
ˣۼ˽ǰڵľ磬ʮֵĸ˵ġ
վĿôĿˣǳɫս£Ͷģ̵ͦ˫壬Ǵżֲ԰׵ɫԼΪʱңԶĳ
һ˫ǳ嫵˫˿ȻͶ׵Ŀ֮УʱĿ⾫漴¶Ĩᡣ
վͬģϴžĳһĹ֮Щ˼һתȫʱ࣬ʣֱͷķٺƳ
޳ָҲȫ˻ȥϵʣҲ漴ɢʧ֮С
񵭵Цݣüë΢΢̣ͬҹݺ׸硫
Ȼףڳ֮дżִʵķϣȻʮɰ
΢΢һЦ˱ڻ˶ֽˡ
׸磬Ǵȥ濴أмڴʵ
ЦˣǳȥɣŪ㣬ǾͱȽˡ

˳󷨿ռ䣬ȻһƬãֻĿռ䣬ȴ͸ģɼȳһǧ֮󣬾Ǳһټ
׺ǰ߳һǧףȴûзְһǧ֮⣬Ȼ˰ֹ֮Ŀɼȡ
ĹأĵģƺһֳصŵĸоǾǧǧ׺ˣȴûһѹֵĸоһŲΪ֪ܣ
ǰµ·棬Ѿôƽˣ׵Ԫ񣬿ֻһף˵Ԫ񣬿ֻףָӦĿϲϡ
ȴͷųԪ񣬱ϾԪ˫ۣǺõĶࡣ
ǰ𽥵м¸ӵĲƽӿݵģǵ֮ķһ
ǰڳһ޴ķεıݣԱߣһԼףԼףԼʮ׵ľ޴ʯ
ʯϣԿŽɫĲ֪ķģռѹֵĸоĹ


351 ǧǰ
Խʮ׸ߵĹ߱ԽԵðѹֵĸоԽǵ
ĹϣŽɫķɢŵǿҵĴ۵Ĺâƫƫ׺˶˶ԣȴûЧ
ͬģԭӦʮǿѹȵҲͬûʲôЧûЧͬͿռ䱾ѹȵһԽԽ͡
׺˶һʮͻأĸоȷʵκˣ£ͻأĸо
ռܴ󣬶ƺȫûб߼ʣڽܸ֪ĴС֮⣬ڽ֮󣬾һģĸо
ײţĵطûһЩ֮Ķ
Ȼʮ׺ȻСĵĳĹȥ
ĹԲʮ׵ķΧ֮֮ŸоĹϵĽɫǴ۵ĹâͬʱҲоԱϵѹֵ
ƺˣ˲ǿ
µش˿̺ƽڽɫķĹâҫ£ûǰߣǽµĵ棬ȴԶǰƶţվһԶ͵һ
ĹԽԽһֱֻ׵ʱ򣬺Ȼ䣬ϵķģʼƶˡ
ǻһЩĹţγĻ棬ȻЩ潻ţ˹
һξһ֪ǰĻѾ˸ı䡣
һƬռ䣬ܻҰĿռ䣬ռƺһʪĸоȴԵóء
ǰĹѾ֪ȥ򣬶ʵ׺ɣӦĹǸڲ
Ŀ׼֣ĻԣٻЩġ
ףȴƽĶ࣬˵֣Ƭ̺󣬱㳯ǰȥ
ﲢǻþҲʣʵĿռ䣬֮ǰĹڲĿռ䣡
ܿ죬ױȷ¡
һʯĻɽʱײ֪Լ뷨ûд
Ĺ֮УȺĹķĹͨСһݺύʮַࡣ
ЩĹڲ׿Ӧöǿߵʬ塣
ײûʲô뷨ʵ棬ķĹ˵ѹ֣Ҳǲܵġ
Ҳ֪棬û̫Σա
ƺһĳ嶯룬ֱӴ˽֮ó˺ս׵һɽ൱ڼƷķɽ׹ע֮ݺύ˼£ǰͨķĹʱ㱻ھ˿
һˮײһĳ͸۳ǰͨɽ֮ǰĽӴ֪ˮײģʵʮֵļӲ
һ£ûκΣգɿ˵֣ˣĺ˼
йע˴һ漴һڹײĴӵصװ˳
͡
棬һ£ȴûʲôΣշ
ˡ
صѹʹ޷ײо̫ãֻƬ̣ȫļͻأתϽײķڵĵϡ
䣡һ𣬶ףһ˫ֶѾʼȻ̫͸֧״
ð죬ƽ֮󣬽Ż谵Ĺߣ׺ͬʱˮײˣ
˼ͬʱһ㶣ĸ͵һ
Ϊǹײ棬һŮˣһŮˣ
׺ˣȻǲٵģ
ΪŮˣ׺ˣƺӿʼڣ۶š
˵һףĲһ¡
ܿٴοŹײʱǸŮӣȴǱ˫۵ģƺ֮ǰ˫ۣûһ
죬ʵǹ죡
мȴû̫Ĳĸо˱Ƚ򶨣
˵Ů˸׵ĸоǾǿ
ǵģǳǿ
ָоǵɽһ
룬ϸĸӦײײģͬһӵžżƷػӡ˲ܼ򵥵ƿ
ҪôƵ󷨣޷תҪôֱӵǿн󷨽Ѱ֮˽󷨡
ǰߣᴥʹ󷨲ըˮײĻ
׸̧ͷ׼ķĹʱ򣬺Ȼɵˡ
ΪԭķĹѾʧˣ
죬ʵǹ죡
״һ£ĿЩ˸Ȼ˼һЩ⣬ˣȴǿѾտĿռ䣬ͬ˼
漴˵Ŀ⣬ͬʱײ֮ϡ
ʲô˼飬ֻҪƿĹһѹܽ⿪ˣңȻĹأӦǷӡֻ׳
˺ȻҲѾ뵽һ㣬˵׸磬ҸãеķĹֻһ˵ҵǸķĹûʲôɱ󣻻һһĹڳķĹᱻ𡭡
׵˵ͷڿǣҪҪųŮӣȻһڵĸ֣һųǲֻϣ
Ц׸磬ģӦòģŮӣǴ֮ˡ
׵ãҾԣӦòڵ״̬
֮Ѿ֪Ҫȥֻˡ
£׽ȫעӦˮײģͬʱԾżƷ󷨣ⵥһ󷨣ûа취ֻȥӦͬʱٿһ֮ȥ󷨵ʡ
ڳʱ֮̽£ڷһɱĿֲ󷨣ԻԵֱӽˮԵһĥʹӴľżƷ󷨣ھŵ״̬£һıƿˡ
ͬģ󷨱ƣȴûһҪըͷ
һˣһ׼ƵȻһȻסˣ͵ĺ˿
䣡
ҵıըʱһɫĹâ˳˲ϯ׺ˣǧ֮⡣
ˮײĺȻһͬһƬأȫĻޡ
ߣɫǣƮһ޶ϵŮӣվ˵ǰ
ˣˣҰڳˣ
Ůĳ²ĿȴʮֵԶ
ˣˣȴƺԸܵԷ˼һȫеĸܵǾڶԷкĻ
ݵӰģԼûΪĹĳӡõĵŮӵ嵭㣬ôʵ˵һˣһδµŮˣ
λǰôᱻӡأ֪һӡŮ֮еĵǱʧˣѯʵ
֮ǰŮӵɼⲢһ֪ͼŮˣҲġ
תŮݶʱѾ˿Ҳô԰׵ͬˡ
ûлش˵Ļڿһ֮ףһߣһ֮ˣһ˺ڣһǰڣôߵһ𣿡
ǰҺ׸綼Ƿ֮ˡ
˽͵һ㣬Է֪Էƺ籾ӡ󼫲
ţŮϸһۣȻȻб㴫Уȷʵҿˡ
׺˾Ůˣһ㣬һۿˡ
˭Ȼʵ
ߣҲһ㶣֪ŮӵŶȡǶԷûжԼʹãҲԼ֪˵˳
ǰڣûߡ磬Ĵ½˫½ԨۡϷѪ½ۡѩ½ڤԼ½Īۡ
磬Ĵ½ÿһ½˰ǧƽĴ½֮⣬绹ĹغĴûɢ֮ĸǿߣշã֪
ԨġڤĪۣ˳˼Ȼĸˣʶá
ıˣĹأߵķĹ뵱߲꣬ףû뵽񡭡
мֻ꣬Ƭ̣ûж˵ʲô
˵ŷãʱ򣬴ﵽ˺ڣѯʵ
Ůˣ׺˶ûжУҶԷʵǿܶȡ䣬׺ҲûıҪʱԼԲƵλ˵˳
ԭƬ̣ȷʵ鲼ɱĹ֮Уɱ鲼ҪȥѶȲСˣȻǷߣ־ҵֻҪȥˣҴӦѵʱ򣬳ְΣ
׺˶ʱϲ
Ȼ֪ʵ٣ʵӦþԱǿˡ
ҸݶԷ֮еϵֻۼĸˡ
ߣ׺˶ʱðȫһı֤ˣȻֻǳΣ
΢΢һЦһ׺͵ľ޵ĸокȻů˼һ
ף㲻ýϣڱϣԼҲҪŬǸʮͻΣҲǾˣʵʵ̫ˡ
ǰѵǡײ˵
˵ͷɽɽͷûжǾ͵
׺һۣҲ
֪ѡĵطһȫĵطһַԱܵΡ
޼Ĺأһ˵ģ֮һĹΪǧŰپʮŸĹǱ֮ĹֻҪͼĹһѡͻʹɫĹĹȫ𣡡
˵׶ͷ϶ʱð亹
գĺգû뵽㿪һĹͿȷķĹ
ǲǺܾȺͰ̾ãһЦ϶ʱʧΣ׾мֿɰĸо
Ͻµ뷨Ժ׵ͷǡ
ЦŬֻǧ꣬ŷų˲Ԫڷʱ͹ˣ˺ˣ
ȻͬʱҲ׵ˮײĳֵһ̣İӦģǻþ
һɻþżƷ󷨷ӡңʲôʵǺǣԺҪæҲ޷ҰǧǰѾﵽ۵ĺھ硣
ǧ꣡׺˶ʱǴ󾪣
ۺڣ˷ӡһССĹ֮УĹغ;ŴСĹ֮Уַӡʲô
׺ȻȻ뵽ʵߡӦĹء
׸оԼڲˣ


352 ۻ
ӡǧ꣬ʱİжʵ޷ġţʵӦòǷͷѪԨԨ۲ӦҪȶԷǿ١
һͨСĹӡŰľŸСĹǲǷӡžŴۣķĹǲǷӡߣ
׵ģˡ
Ϊӡǿʵ̫ǿΪӡǿߵǸˣ˵һʵǱ̬Ŀ£
磬ײ֪Ͻķ֮£ûʲôͶȡɵĿԵģΪ⿼Уľʵʵ
͵Ϯ񹥻ȣżΪ֮Уһսϣһ޶
Ϊһǿߣôֲʱ־裿ҪһɱҲǲܵģһ޷һɱԷ͵ϮĹģʽ˱ܵķҪɹǲܵġ
湦ʱ򣬾ĻҪʵʵȴҪߵѶȡ
˿Ӵĳ̶ȣǾһ˿֮Уҽһҵ
ı𾪵ģ
Ǻǣǧڣ磬Ҳֻһʱѣǿʮʮһֻһʱ䡣˵
ԣǧ꣬ǧ꣬ƺûʲôʵ
ҵͬǶ˲ҡ΢΢Ӧһ£̾Ϣ˵·һ㡣
׺˴˿̶֪˵ʲôˣֻĬĬĿŰ
Ƭ̣źһĹأÿһϤĸоҲ˵ҵǶԣϣ֮ĵʱȳҵͬǡ
˵
׵ֱۣû˵
ȴΪβҳȥȥǣԼǿʵôȥأ
̾ϢһĹأұżǿѹƣֻһĹطΧķӡĹıըӶȫɱ㣬ĹأΪҵָл򿪣Ĺأ϶ûĺˣԵʵǿ󼸷ȥȻ༸֡
ңʵԣǧ꣬Ҳ̫⡣ʮ󾳽磬Ҳǧ磬ֻҪﵽ磬ٳɹĿ߳ϡ
׵˵ͷΪȻڶԷΪԼǧƶϣȻģķ̫ϽȴЩ
ײ£ŵǰȻܳĹأôҳȥα֤أ
ȻһЦ漴ϣһеıһķ׵˫۱㶸Ȼһ˿Ĺâ
׺ôҲˣôһ۾Ѿһķ
ʱǵ֮ˮɺ֮ѹӸɺԵķԺδѾɿһǿޱȵķǿڲһ壬ӵűۡŨʮķȣȫǺϡ
۾һҪʱǿԽ棬ԶѣңҲֻ֮ⷨҪңܴҵߣ
ЦǸߣ㡪ⷨʹ㣬ʵʵ̫ˣ磬ǾһⶫܱҪ
˵һ仰ʱ򣬻Ϊм壬΢΢һ٣Ȼκεı仯Ȼæ
׺ˣȴûһĻ㡯ϾһǿŮۣ׸зǷ֮Ĵڰ
漴׷˹΢΢һ㶣Ȼļˡ
ӹĴָСʱļ
룬Լķȡʮ֮һľѪԾѪǵѪȡ
̣Ҳûбܿ
ʶǷ˿ҲɡסһķȻʮ־ȣһ˿ļ;ϲ
ķȻ˲𣡡ĵ˵
һ˵ĻѾѵˡ
ЦЦѪڣȴȻѵõĽⷨﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮĳ̶ȡ
ǵѪȡﵽǧ֮һѾһٱѾˡ
˰ٷ֮ʮʱѾһĹܣֻҪģԷӰȻģӰֻҪڷԲǧ֮ڣֱܱסԪ񣬽ӡ֮еĵһռ䡣
һռ䣬ȫǺڰͬĵһĿռ䣬ʪɭֲɱ¶׵罻Ԫֻܣ
һʮֲֿķ
ĵڶ㣬ȴһͬһĴͿռ䣬ﻨ㣬ͨʮֵȻ
ӯ֮ǳ
ԪϵģǵڶĿռ䣬һ㣬ǿȥѽȥ
ʱǿʵȴ˺ܶƣһҪԺ֮ģԷΣѶȻСϾԽǿߣʵԽҲԽ԰̬ҪڷԲǧ֮ڣǧҲһľ룬ʵ̫ˡ
ԣ⹦ܿƱ̬ʵȴЩߡ
ǿޱȵķϵͳȴ޻˵ˡ
ȡ˷֮󣬰ʱһӰʧⱦ֮С
ͬʱ׵Ժ֮д˰Ļ
ΪЩѣ֮Уʹʱ䷨򣬽ʱ˲Ӱ巨һǧԺⷨʱͬǴʱ䷨֮Уʱһǧ
ûĻͽްɡ
У˵γֻᣬȻҲЦǿߣûл뷨ռ䡢ͻᱻԷʱ䷨ƵģʱֻҪʱ侲ֹҲֵĻǱɣ
״֮£ףǿķϽ磬Ȼǲ
ͬʱҲ뵽Щĳʶ棬νǳ˼򵥵Ŀռ䷨
ռ䷨򣬱ʱ䷨ȴҪС򵥵Ķࡣ
ʱ䷨۵רʱ٣ʱ侲ֹʱ䵹ˣ
ʱ䷨ԲںʱռʱʱǿǸʱѾˣ
Щ磬ƺѰ壬Ѱ˷ܶļ飬ģܻ̲סļ
ʱڶռ֮УԪʯҲ׼ƷսɽΪ롮ۻ
սװٶ͵ս׷ɽ䱾ɷǿǷ棬ȴЩ⣻ۻȴǿڷ棬ɽǿڹ档
ѯ֮ѡսɽһװ
ۻװɽȴûѡսսѥֻѡ˵ۻɽ
ǿļƷ׵ıϣֻζѣû˻뵽ṥģǵۻɽ׵ֱָۣȫĸ١
˵ķ⣬˿һʱ·˻ȥ
ھһĻþʵĿռʱΪϴɽϢֱӵ˳ȥ
ɽԭһŮӣűǿϢƺһǿߵĺᣬЩ˶֪ģû뵽һ㣬ǡɻΪ߳ĹĹؼ
ǰû뵽
ֱ̾á
ԭڰӦΣղϵĹأ׶ԣȴôѣﵽ˺ڵף󷨷νħȻɣʱⷨ׸Եˡ
ʱ·оյ߳Ĺء
Ĺأѹֵģɳ˼֣Ű̵֮˶˷ϢǵķɽԼ˵սףֻǼ򵥵ļƷ
ֻǣ߳Ĺ֮ȴȻһüͷЩһ׵ֱ۵׸磬֪ô£ҵʮֵĲ
׼ɽȥԲһ㶣漴׼ο˼䣬ȴȻо˿ռ쳣
ռѸٵĲǿƶȻռ䣬ͬʱӰѸٵĳǰԶĵط
˾һһɫսףվʣ˸ŽɫɫĹΣǸŮӣֱһɫսףվϣȴ˸ű̵Ĺ⻷
żƷ˲ƣܷɣ˿ռ䷨ľ磡
жʱһ˵˾˲ʱϾ֮ǰλλ棬ıȽ϶࣬ܵı»Ǻܲġ
ʱȻһ⣬һš
׶ʧһɲǣ˶ʱͳˡ
ˡ
⽻һʹռ䶼Ťը𣬶ˣǽʱʱռ䶼ݺݵĲһ¡
ˣȻˣ
һصŭ˵
ɽĴ֮ˣɽеǱһӵ˵
ɽĴ֮˳ˣҲζţɽᱻ򿪣¸ӦûˡһŮ˵
ʱ׺ȴ˺Ȼ
˵õɽУȴ룬Ϊ⴫УϴɽϢֱ߳ĹأΪֱܵ׷ɱ
ȫʵǶôǿ󣬶ǿеı£Ƕôǿ
һ˲䣬׾뵽ѪԨˣɽġбҪĻͰɱˣ
˿̣ѪԨѾͻľ磬ΪĴͷ֮һĶ˫½Ԩۣ·ɽ֮ĵطȴϷѪ½۵ķΧڼǶôңԶôĿֲ
ԼһȥϾ͵ˣ
׺˲ɾüЩԼֻǴ˿̶ѾĲˣ
磬ȻշǳҸ磬ͱԨ۵ˣֻ
ʵǲ£ǸʲôԨۣбҪĻҿԱ֤ʮ֮ڣɱȻЦ˵⻰˲ɴסˡ


353 ꣡
ڰĻ׺Ȼм־ȣ뵽ǧǰѾʮ˵ãҲͲٳԾˡ
ͨ仰Ҳ϶ˣʵǿ
ǿػȻֻŵΣѾ㹻ˣʱķаΣѾˡ
ѪԨۻûֱӵĶǳ֣ʱǰٳְɡЦ
ҲãԨۣǵˡЦ˵ͬʱЩˣҲǲмڳֵġ
Щ˵ʵʵ̫
רĵָ׺Ϊǻ޿κ֮£ֻʱ֮
Ȼ̫⣬Ϊ˶˷ѰֵĴһǲɵģֻʱ֮ûð֡
ʱ棬ǷɽɽϿȣϿȱԵһŮӽţʱ¶ɻı顣
ǧǣˣĺȻʧأʵûдﵽڣȻˣһüͷɫ˵
ϵսϣŸӶµķģϳ˹󷨺ͷ󷨣ֱοյĻ֮УǳɫĹΡ
ûߣӦǽһĿռ䷨֮УϸĸӦһ£ڳֹʱһ¿ռĲȻܲǳɫս׵Ů飬ȴŲɿܵϡ
ð취׿ԡǧǣȻҪĻϹԷֳһӦҪʱÿռ䷨򽫶ԷڵĿռһо˸˼Ż˵
׿ԵӵͷӦʣǧǵŮӣҲͷĬϡ
ǣ׼ú󣬵ʼӦȻ׿ȶˡ
սףȻɢһɫĹâȻںеķɽ֮УͬʱɽȻһճڵĿռ䴩Ӵʹÿռ䴦ſֲ壬ռ֮ⷬ£ıŤΧһУȣʼ˲֪ı仯
ʱڵʱȴͬһ
ֿռ֮£ǰ󣬸ûܵκβ
׺˳ʼȻܶһӦǶʱԣԷĹȻʱ˺֮С
ң׶ԣһõĻᣡ
Ȼ򷨱ֻ˰ٷ֮ʮʱһĹܣȴȫڴ˿ʹõġ
ֻҪģԷӰȻģӰֻҪڷԲǧ֮ڣֱܱסԪ񣬽ӡ֮еĵһռ䡣
һռ䣬ȫǺڰͬĵһĿռ䣬ʪɭֲɱ¶׵罻Ԫֻܣ
һʮֲֿķ
ԭʱ䣬Ĺ޷ӵģر˽սҲǸʱȥԺ֮ģԷ󣬵£ȴͬˡ
ʱ֮УԷˣȻΧʱף
ĻᣬȻԸֻΪʵ̫ǿ׵Ժ֮µӡֻһӰģӡųٳûж֡
¶ԷȻ׼ʱڣȻΧǶ׶ԣζ㹻ʱȥԺ֮ģԷ
ײЦЦԪȻһ⣬ͷųȥ˻ǿԸӦġرֻ˺ڵʵǶԷȴڵʵ˲֮һͷųԪӦֻ̾ͱش
Ϊ˽£ȴ¡
͡
һ⣬ŲӿĻϢϮռһŤһһΣռŤȫƾۣܿһеĿֲ
ʱȻһ㣬ڿռţûгܵ˿Ĺ
֮ǰʱȻκεĹʱκεӰ졣
ߣȻûжǧЩŭˣȻҸоǾⷽԲ׵ķΧ֮ڣһûһϹⷽԲȫȫ湥
׿ԺһȻᷴԣǧ˵֮˱Ѹٵǧǵһһҡ
˶Ȼ֣ǿ֮Ľɫںһ𣬻ޱߵľˣȫԲ׿ռ串ǣȻȫԵĹ
ʱʱȻܵ˹ݺݵĲһ£ڲĿռ䣬ǡ䡱һͬһһ
׵ģҲͬݺûһһʱѪӿȴ侲ѹȥ
һ˹ϵ˲䣬׷ųԪȻ˲ɨԼò
Ԫ֮УǿƬΣ˶ٻЩģҲͬǰ㣬ûз׵Ŀֻ̽Ǿüͷһ壬һ˿ĸо
漴ɫһϲһۡ
ֱ飬˵Ѿνġڡ
ĲǿӦǺ鱦ǧǼ˵Ŀȣ
šۡ鱦Ҳֻɽ˲ֱʣһ˵
ѾӦۡڣһѾ׿˵
˶ʱ˵ͷ˵Ŀ⣬ƺҲԥʲô
˲䣬ƺ˾һ㣬ݺݵĵ˵ͷ
ǧǵʲôǱɱ˵ЩˣǻȥǴ󻼣
ֻҪɱˣǱƻõɽıأֻջ󣡡׿Գ
˺ܿȫ˶ԲߣֱӵǿƿĽƣȻɱõɽıصܣ
˴⣬ȴû뵽ҲѾ˾
һο̽˾Ȼûвʮ־죬ٴεԼԪϸĸӦһһΣʮֵϸϾֻг֮ۡеӰԽץĿԾԽ
ȻԷ޷Ȼٳһ£ǲǶԷ޷
һθӦĸܵ˶ԷòͣԪĸӦ£Է˶ͬûд·һ㣬Ĵڡ
ʱҪģҲֳûڵȻܱȽ⣬ǲνǿ
õĺˣ⿴ʮּߵĹֻñ̬ǿݡ
ײʱ飬Ʊ俪뵱۾İⶫⶫȫԵֵۺڵĸֵĺģ
ڵʵǿҲۺڵǿߵĹǿⷨ״ĳ̶ȣͨ˴ǧ֮һٷ֮һǿֲİٷ֮ʮ
ԣȫġ
ǣڶԷ˺ʱ˲䣬ʱʱ򣬽˵ֱӵԺ֮ģȻ󴫵ݽʱĵһռ䡣
ˣ׵ƿ֮£ʱͬһϵı仯״
ӿȻһֻ񣬼ȥʱ򣬶ʱֻһɽȻڶԷ֮ϷȥһͨСʯͷ
ⲻװǻƵܶѣڶԷУȻ׼ܣ˰׿Ժǧǣ¶һֲмЦ
ԪʱȻ֪ʱʯͷ˽¡
ȴ黫װ˱ƭģƺ¶ɻ
ףȥˣΪǿߣǧٵıҲ˵ã֮ǰһɲǣܵǧһŵĲмЦ⣬׶ȻᱻԷƭ
Ҳˣ֪ԷˣȻĻʱĽƣǸϣԼûз£Էһɱеܵǿ
Сֶι죬ٶȼ죬ֻǽĹصڲΧˣ׿üͷ˵˵֣ȴѾƴ
ô죿ֻأǽûнȥǻӵһװģ˵
ӣߣҿ֪ʵ΢ȻĽĹصķΧϾ棬һǳֻ֣·һ׿Ц
ͬ׿Ե˵߰ɣǽȥǧȻ˶ȻӰĹطȥ
ʱʧ֮ȴЦһ
ˣȻʮֻ٣Ļ˵ʮû⣬׻ıԷһָƭˣ£׷ԼԪƺܺãѾ֣˺ѾվԼʱһͨʯͷʮ׷Χ֮ڣ
ʮ׷Χ֮ڣ
룬׸ЦȻԼͳȫ
֪ԷƣΪһԷĽĹطΧôԼҪܣȻҪٿڲֻܼ򵥲ٿб仯ҪٿأҪٿء
һȻȫһԼûзȻɣ
ԷܱѪеĽеνȫռ죬˵ǺĻνյСթҲĪڴˡ
ǣֶΣվǻգʱǱ̬ߵʱˣνǵù͸
ɫĿ⵭򶨣Ժ֮УѾ˲Ԫ۳˶Է˵ʵģԺ֮Уˣȴûκε
˵壬һļƤ񣬶ǸǧǵŮӣͦԼûгëصشһƤƽ˼֡
һŮˣȻģ˵ĳ壬Ҿܲˣʱı̬
˵漴Ӱ˵һʱĿռ䡪Ǹ޼һɭ䡢˲־Ŀռ䣡
ʱֻʱ͵Ĳһ£𣬶ʱɫҲǴ䣡
ǾĲ̫һ˲䣬ʹףݺݵĺ׵ͷһ㣬ѪǲҰֽ
Ԫһ˿˿ţߵķһҡҷ
ףڵϣ˿ǷӴм˺Ȼ
ҽʱһƬһֲ̣ĺڶȻʱʮ׿Ŀռ֮еǧ׿ˡ


354 ѪĴ
ռ䶸Ȼڰʱһϯһ˷ţǰռ䣬
ʱǿޱȾ
ȻѾ뵽ʱһس˳Ծĸܵǹɻһ֮Щ
ǹɷľ㽫ɳΪʬڼпԶõѾѸٵͿգˣȫദ٣صĴλ
鼱״̷̬ųƷĹԪһΣʱķɣҪ׵
вЩ쬵ģоԼʵڹŹǰһȦŽٺĲƽ
ռ˲ĺڰһ£ȻҽһƬȻ͵˼
ˡ
ڱ֮мдȻȻײ˰һִʱ׼վȵǰ˳ȥͬʱ׿ǧƺߵ
ۡ
ۡ
ۡ
ķɽϵĴ͸ǵһϵĴܴȻ󲻶ϵĴѪ
ڰĿռ֮УʺɫѪԵмְȴ˿Ѫȡ
ѪȵϢǹȵѪһ׵ıϢ֮Уʹʶһ˲䣬һжʵġ
ʱ̣ܶպ롣
Ҳ֪ҪΪԼʵ̫ʵ̫ǿȻռ˾ԵƵʱȫԸڵĸ֣ҲȷʵЩǺ
ǹȥˣûз֮£ǿķסѾӵˡ

Һ֣Ȼըһ壬׿ǧˣԪɶݡ
ʱʱ͵һȻȻԪâ˹ȥ
Ԫ񷢳˿ֲļҺȴȻ԰ⱻˡ
ϡ
İţԪʱһռ󣬱㲻ϵĴȻѪӿ˲жʱϵһƨ˵ϡ
ڵĴϢţռѾָԭװƽ֮дżֿ񱩣˵֮ǰһеʵԡ
ڱĵϣǰѪģĵ棬һƬǽ塣
˵Ĳֱۣ֫ȴڵϣ󲿷ѾѵһͿΪһ⡣
Ԫ񸲸˹ȥֱȡöռָȻŬ޸һȻվ
һսռ˺ܶƣڽӵ˼ޣȴȻ㱻ʧܣ޷ȡҲ֪ʱȻǿȴźܶƣҪģʵļǿ
ӰһֱӵĽʱȻٿʱһɢ֮С
ԨԷǲ֪ܲģﵽۺھǿߣҪŲƣûʲôѡ
ԣһԨ۷֣Ȼںܶݵʱڳ֡
׶ԸѾʾ֭Ѿڲ㱻ۣΪֻܶܡ
ʱڲ֮ױ㿴˵ǵĵȴԼһů˹ȥס˵С֡
˶û˵ȴһʤܰ

ĿռָڼƷ˵ĿռָҪһ㣬ȴϡֻǽԪʯȣȫȡ˹ԼĿռָ
ռָ棬ǧʯԪʯһʯֵ൱һǧԪʯɼĳ̶ȡ
ͬģԪʯҲĻҵλҲΪԪʯ
ռָ֮Уײս׺Ԫʯʯһֵĵúһ
ԭȱ繦ĸôһõĵ׼ֱǿԶĵȥˡ
ױڽжӣϸĸĵ֮ױ㽫͸ˡ
˱ǿŸ磬ԽΪֻ񽣻⣬޷޷
ȻƺҪ٣ԣȴҪߺܶ·ĵָȻǷǳġ
⹦СѪ򡷣ѪԨ֮ݺǿ󹦷ǿ󹦾
ΪѪ򹦷ֱӴڽ۾磬ȻѸٵĺ͵ʱ۵࿹ʵ˵ǿޱȣ
ͬģܲɣǧΪѪԨ۵ĸҲΨһһô⹦ˣǱΪһģȴȫס
ǧһԴǵˣˣÿÿ󣬶¼ĵ֮УϸȻѯѪԨǸ͸¼Ĺĵãɹ֪֮
нЩ¼Ժ֮УȻĬĬʱ򣬽Լĸ֪˼
˵֮ǰﵽǿߵĻ£׵ĸд̵ġ
ЩǿƬΣϽķ֮£˵һĲֵģңڸܵǧǾĵ֮еײľЩ
νϽȫķ򣬶뷨ȴűʵĲͬ
һڵ֣ͨչֳĲְ
ȫںϣ죬ֱԵϽҲ޷Ϊ򣬽ֻ֣У㡣
ǸӵģǸĪġ
νһ˵ȴǻЦġ
ȻûҲûνĺûν壬ԣﵽԲ֮󣬾ܹǿߡ
̤ľ磬𾳽磬߱𾳽绹Ҫǿľ磬ľ磡
˺ܶ࣬ȴԽԽԺɴ಻ȥˡ
һζĳƵ˼ܴʵʵĽ˳Ѫ򹦷ĵõָѾߺܶ·ˡ
׾һôͷޡ
ҪҪԨ鷳
תͷһۣЩԥǣҪҪ֣ѪԨɱ
ƺ׵ţ΢΢һЦ׸磬ȥɣҪ൱ģ˶Ͳȥˣ˶Ѫ͸ٺһͬ硣
֪˵֪ɽµϢ˻Ԩۼ£ҲΪ˱ֵĻᣬһ˿ů⣬Ҳûоܾˡ
ȷʵõϾΣޱȣ¼ɱԨۣأԼһʱ䣬»൱˰ֵĻᣬ൱ı
ӳԶǣľõģ˱̫ϲ򶷡
˿˵ͷҲͲ˵ʲô
棬ߵӰȻǧ˻ĳԱߣˣӰʣûһ˿ơ
͸ʱۿˣӰȴʮֵģ
ˣʵ˵ļǿױǿһۣҲ侪Ȼ٣ͷҲɳ亹
ֱĸоͰ׵ĸоȫĲһġ
֪Щϴɱ⣬ʱϲûɱ⡣
ΪʵҲľԭ
Щˣʵ̫ǿˣ
رΪ׵еһ꣬˫֮У˸ŲɱʶĹâϵķɽɫĻ棬˸ڤһĹâ
״ҳһڣʱ֮УҲȫûаִ⡣
ʱԭ֮еİ֪ʲôʱߡ
ٿʱǴĲԪ죡Ȼüͷ˵
΢΢һͣ˿ûзŰĻȥԼԪǣʱ֮г˳ҲǷĺܼ򵥵顣
ǲٿһӡǵĿһҪӡǣڴӡ֮˵ȻҲѡ
ʱʧȥ֮˲䣬ȡ׵ĲٿȨȻȻʧΣȫʧƬռ䡣
ûвٿȨȴȻӦ׷֣ռڣһϸ΢΢Сλз죬֮ǰĿռ侹ǲһ
оһ㣬ʱиǾ岻ѡ
ֲٿطѶȣΪҪԷ뷨ž˵ƿġ
ţǰмȴ쳹׵Ժ֮С
ˣ۾磬ˣʵǷǳףǵӦһһʮ޷ܣǧУӦòˡ֣⻹ۻֻңҲֲ˺á
һսܾˣĹأҵö̫󣬻ıըֻʱһˡ
߸ۣ
д󺧣ʱ֪ԭԼĸӦû
еĸ˵Ѿ֪Щ˭ˣ
ˣӦĴ˫½ԨۡϷѪ½ۡѩ½ڤۡ½Īۡ
ϸһ£Ȼһ˹ȻŮԣһ˿˿ϸ΢ʵĲ׸ܸӦ
ɽʲôͷǺȻĴۣоĪͬʱҲʮֵΡ
ɽѾˣ˵ǲʲôܵģһУǾԻġ
Ϊ׷ǾˣûգĴۣô˴󶯸ɸ꣡
ɫأһĨʱճһƽ棬ĿһС
ˣʵףҪֻ֣鲻ˣԺʱҪʱˣԷɽϢֻܲȻ˵
΢΢һ漴׵ĵ˵ͷ
û˵ĳΣ˵ϡ
֮׺˺Ȼ֣Ƕһ˫۾һԷ˵̬ޱȵĳǰ
ġĪ衢ڤɽһٻɱʵֻ²ͣɽʵֻǸǿȻҲκ˽Ҳ˵ˣ
Ҳ֪ɽʷǿʦ磬͵õ𴫳УżƷ鱦¯飬ѼߣʱƷƷ鱦ɽֻǷ
ˣҲ˹עˣһͳ˫½Ƕûϣ̣ˣҲֻ˺ˡڤ
ɽӰȥ٣£ֻҪʹʱ䵹˷򣬾ܲǺɽϢԨЦ˵ƺѾĶԲߡ
˻һ۾һ
ˣɫʱҲޱȣ
ʱ⵹ˣһлصԭ㣬ǽʱӰ˻ȥֵһеķչ
ĻôҲ˵һУٴεķһΣڵӰķʽһΣ
Ļ˵˳׻ᱩ¶ԼҲֻǻᱻĴ͸
һĴˣȻޱߣӴޱȣȴҲȥˡ
ǴĹأһǶ붫Ĵ򣬵Ǻ֮У޳Ⱥһ֮½ϣ档
̾Ϣһȴֹʲô
ʱҲ֪֣Ҳֹʱ⵹ⷨתɱࡣ
׿һ΢΢һЦףģʱҲ𼶱ķ֮ΪʱʱչȻġЩֻܲ鵽ˣܲ鵽йʱʱ˵һеġ
Բ˼֣ȴеǵĿ˿ˡ
ݸһЦ׸磬ģʱҲȥﵽ۾磬ǾǴҡڵĳȥҲˡ
ԣҲֻܿЦԡ
棬ĴۺܿˣȻռһۣĴ˵ӣ˾վػ
Ҫʼˣʱ䵹˷򣬿Ҫˡûѹеڴʶһֲʱ䵹˵ķǿ


355 ɥʬ
Ĵռĸλƺʮֵأۣػŵʱ򣬸ʮֽ
ռƺ΢΢Ķôһ£ȻЩ𾪵Ŀ֮У˵Ӱ˲ĽһײһȴûзײǲӰһഩ͸˹ȥ
ƺһӰ׶˶Ȼ֣ƺûж
Ľ˫ַؿڣһѧ֣һ
ɲǣͬʱĽ˫ĳʱĵ޴ȫռŤ
ĿʶֳռŤҲĿһľ⡣
һûʲôʶˣҲ׵Ļȥʲôʱ򣬾˵ȷʵľ⡣
ԭɻΪβʹʱȥ⼸꣬ӡʱ֮Уʱײ֪Ĵƺʮ˵ãҲȷʵûоԵİա
뵽˴ĹصķΧʮֽҲ֪ΪѺߣȻȥðա
ĴεѸٵĽһ׺ȻһֲֿĴƺžƵĿռ䷶ΧһѸٵĵ˻ȥһ
оʮֵǿģ𾪵Ըӣ
Ȼֻ֪һЩӰĵˣȻֹס𾪣Ϊķǰǿռ䴩Խ׶û̫ľȣ
ȻϽķ̫𶯡
ŤĿռ֮УΧȻ󣬵ȻƺҪķΧ
Χƺܲϵ죡
ʱ䵹ˣռӰ˸׿ǧѾΪĶϱ۲֫˻ȥںϽϣȻ˵Ḷ́Ҳ˵˵Ḷ́Ҳ˵ò
Ȼ֮Уȴڣ˵һ޷ĲӰߵѡ
ʱ䵹˷ֻƬ̣ĴۣҪѶϢȻƺҲһƺ޷ǶĽƺ֮С
Ȼɽʵﵽۣʱ䷨޷ĴڡԨ۵˵Ŀȴ鲼ɱ
ڤЦҿµλ棬δؾʵοһˣӦǷԭɽҪǴﵽۺڣʱ䵹˷ôʵֻǱԴʥƳǻʲôֱӱɱͳɣõŶô
һֱųĬ˿ԣҲɵͷΪؼǣǸŮӿʵǿ󣬶һǿĳЩֶΣŽɱģŮӲ֪Ѿעˡ£͵һ£Ȼĸ֮䴫ŮͼϢһ֣Ǽ̳֣
ĪǺãε֪ϢҲ㹻ɣԷˣǺҪһһʧİ취źã˵һŮҪŷ˵ãĴĻ鷳ˣ磬кܶĸ֣ɽͷ̫һֻ綼ˣʱǿ߱л᣿
ԣǾԵĸ£黹Խ֪Խã

˵ϸ̽˼ƺ̶ʲôԲߣȻ˲ʧˡ
˿Ȼ޷֪Է̸۵ʲôǿӣԷһѾƶһײļƻˡ
Ѿ뿪˿մ˵Ԫ˵Ҫ˵ҪͷԪӦ䣬ǵթֶΣ
ȻΪʲôȻô˵˵λз֮УԷǲᷢʲôģ˵ּ״̬пգȫһΪ״̬
һͬ˵Ԫ񲦶ŷжʱһ֪Է˲û뿪ǽƵλз죬Ԫ̽
һ̣˶ٴγԭء
ˣڤЦ
ţԷķǿĴŲɢ˰ɣٻഫѶ飡ԨҲ
˷׷׵ͷȻ˲仯ĵâĴλȥ˲仯˰ɫĹ㣬ٴεʧΡ
׸մһкȻһܵķӦϢ˸Ǳ֣ûаָʾһֱпյ״̬
ʱһֱȥ˽һʱ׵ȻмʱٴγߵӰȻǻҡҡͷ֮Ե¶һʧı顣
׼һĻвźȻЩһϼ޻յСթε̽ǰȼ֮ԼֻǾзܶܣӲЩ˵ġ
ϳһ亹ŷ֣ǿߣʵ̣ʮֿµġ
ЩٴεʧˣȻҴ⣬˭֪ЩǲһֱڸթԷȷԼΧֻװ֪ȻթƭԼˡ
ʱ򣬰ЦЦһİܰĸо
ģһ⼸ˡ
׺˿Ҫ֪ΪԭһʱڲĿռ䣬һǧʱ
ôʱ䣬һҪ־й¶˿Ϣֱһĥ
Щֲۣ̫ˣµ˵
΢΢һЦģܿҲܴﵽľģֻǶڷĸѣǴӲλ߹ģڲƵλ棬ҲǲøİɣǸλﵽ״̬磬ȻҲܣ
Ļ׶ʱҲ˺飬ɲôڵλ棬ļôһֱǿõʮ飬ֻ¹̣Ѱɣ
ݺ飬׵̬Ҳſˡ
ȷʵ֮һֱʶۼĸּ֣ʶʵĲпᣬǿѹ֮£еȶݳޣȻֱܴĸо
һֱ۷ˣȻһ۷ĵطȻһǿϵĴȻء
ͬҲĸоҸֲĶֶǿµۣȻ
ĻʰģҲмָп
ҲۣǱӡǧ꣡Լʱ䣬ûгʮ꣬ôȣ
Щӳ˵ʱڣҲûгһǧ꣬ײġ
ȷʵͬ˵ģܿ죬ԼҲܴﵽ۵ľ硣

Ȼ֪˱ЩǵˣҲ׼ǳѪôױⷨռˡ
ʱҲûй黹ʱȨֱӵĳʱ˼˲һĴԽ˷ɽȻѪ½м䲿ֵһʮӴĸɽɽ֮
֮󣬰ŽĲٿȨ»ס
ʵϣֻҪ׽ŷӡǵԪ룬Ȩ͹黹ԼǰڲٿأȻôðʧ
ףѾɥʬ¸ô
һڴĿѯס
׳һ£ǰҲ֪ҵ˼ȷʵɳս֮и򣬶ɥʬ֮£ȷʵõѡ񡣡
΢΢ף磬ԶԶô򵥣ң룬Ǻεʵȴܱ˷ӡۺڵĸ֮䣬Ҳǿģ
΢΢һͣһ㣬뵽ˣȴû˵ѡ
֪ΪʲôʱȻ˵Щ֪ô˵һԭ
׹ĵǰҪʲô˵ɣģȻ
Ŀ΢΢һ׵ĿЩȣ׺Ȼֲ˼ĸо
ûлرĿ⣬ֱ˫ȴŰĻ
ðɣҸ㣬Ϊʲôô࣬û𡣡
һ㶣۲ֻʮôôࣿ漴׺Ȼ뵽֮ǰĴ֮ĶԻȻף۲ر٣Ǻܶಢûˡ
ңĴӴĻ֮Уôûи֣˵⻹࣬Щأأôûۺڵǿߣ
ƺ֪׵뷨һ˵ͷ۲٣һĴﵽҪԽľʱһᱻɱʧ
λӣôȥģûνĽѣΪĿ飬߲֮ܳΪ飬ǳɱ¾
˵۾ͬһ㣬һǧ꣬һֻص㣬һǧڸֻص㣬ֻܳһ
ԣΪһλã֮䣬ҪôϣҪôɱɱۣҪôȴʱ

ǰ˵Щᣬ£ȷʵûٽĹأȳͬ߰׸̾
ҸЩֻǺԼѣΪ֪ǣԶûпܳΪģӦΪܷӡһΣܷӡΣֻӡɱΪаճΪ󣬽ЩͷţΪ£
֪ɱԶסһҪ򵥵Ķ࣡
״󺧣ʱ뵽ͬۺڣһǧܴԨۣеߣ˵ʮһܽ˼ǿˣȴһۺڵǿ߷ӡ
׵ģͬʱȻˣʲô뷨ˡ
Ӧ뵽ˣȷʵųΪµ뷨֤Լ
аǧ꣬һǧڸֻصսˣʱ򣬻һ𣡰ǧʱ䣬ܳΪۺڵǿߣôұ˵ߣ㱾Դ֮ϴںߵıԴȻܳΪۺڵռǿߣ
ʱ򣬽Ǭͼ֮УõĻᣬޱӴ󣡶Ҫһ£ǵĳЧңǾǣɱǸˣ
׵˵ͷĻ£ɱͱɱвԽ󣬶ԷԽֵģģ
ײûѯʰΪʲôаô˵ҲûѯΪʲôԴ˵ΪûбҪ
ڰײǿŮ˶Σü֮¶ƺΪˣ޻˵
ţһлʵģңҪڼȳߺ¡
ллΣȻҼΪǿϣڹ׶ܺúðգµλ棬㽫·̫ͣ
ʮԽ㾳磬Ҳ㣬ܼ漣ǧ꣬Ӧòˣ
˵
׵˵ͷʵԼиоǧ꣬ƺһǧ궼ˣͿۺھ硣
ңۺھ磬ţ޷Ͻķ´ﵽԽľ磬ֹľ磬ӦûǴڵģۺڣﵽĽĻ
룬һ£ãԨˣҲӦ˲Ĩɱ
Ǻõģһ£ײûж˵
ʵʵж֤Ǹô
ң磬ȷʵҪһˣúҲܲס˶࣬϶ҧĵҲ֪ġ
֮ǰǻӣȻȴȻĴֵ£Щηηβˡ
ȻⱾĹصԭ򣬵ǼûУҲЩ֣һɼҪ
ʵ׻һ仰˵ģ˻ȥǾǣʲôԴϴ񣬻˰ɡ

Ͱ̸֮׶ʱ߳ʱΪ״ӦҪ˶ҲӵϸˣͷȫɵжԵǿߣ֮⣬һŲܣ
ңֵĻᣬȻΣĻ˵涼治ȥôҲ˵ˡ
ȻЩпᣬ֪Ǳʣ
Լ涼治ȥ̸ֺ
׽Ǭָռ֮УȻվɥʬɽɽ֮ϡ
¶ºͣЩȴ񱩣ůҫϣһɹ˵ů⡣
תһ̵״̬õ˼㡣
һҺɫĳۣǵۻսװԭǲõģǻǾѪȡͨ·ϡ
ǿڱҪʱҲܾģڴΣɥʧɽԣҲҴ⡣
ɽ֮£˻֮ڶɥʬ£ǿޣǿߡ
һɫĲӰߴɽ֮¡
׿˿˿񱼶ŮŮ١
Ҳԥȫ⾭磬һݣɥʬ£


356 Ѳ
ǿȻƾųѪĳѪӰƮͬһƬҶһƮɥʬ֮¡
߾ХಡڶһӰߴһȺֱӵĺˡ
Щ˺ȻҲģ໥֮䣬ƺһСС塣
ƮӰʹ׹ٶȲ̫죬Ĺ֮УҲϵĵƽ⣬Ϊ֪ɥʬµľײûͬһſֽš
ʱʱ䣬һշȻصһ̽˳Ȼշ׹Ρ
磬ϵͳѾ˾ܳܵģģʣʵ˺ڡ
־ˣȻʮϡ٣˵һΣߵˣʵ񾳽֮ϡ
ЩɫҴң߲ԶʱȻûпһۣƺȫĲһ
֪Ҫʵԭ򣬲ʹЩ˶ԼӣϾ˺ڵΪʵ̫ˡ
ײûΪʵҲ޷ʲôȻҲֱܷǿ˵Ϊ
ɥʬ֮£һƬȽɭĵط˵һĪĳصĸоǲ̫ǿңʪϢִˮֲϢ׻Ȼͬںһ㡣
ȻûԺ׵ǿˮѹĸоȻž˵ơ
ǰһˣԼĪʮˣҴææԶȥˣһֱ棬ȴż
ͥŲʵȴǽСģû˿Ĵ⡣
ɥʬ£ɥʬɽԵĲͬϢεѹ׸оһĿռһҿռˮĲ̫ǿңҲһԻһλõĸо
׺ݺݵҡҡͷŬıѣĲЩˮ塣
⼸һֱܵػҲ֪Ŀռ䣬Щ棬׿νС֮
ǺǣǵһİɣȻһ׵Ķߣ׻عͷһĿƽǳɫս׵վԼ಻Զ
ǳɫս׵Ů˹׵Ŀ⣬ûʲô⡣
׸о˵ĿԼϾӶ࣬ƺȻһ㣬ףԼЩͿˡ
׺ıܸоȻпޱȣȴе˶ǿҲ˶ʮֵײС
ǺǣǰҲǷ߰ɣЦЦ˵
ţҲܵ˿ռ֮ĴڡЦЦߣŻͷŮһۣ׵ڷӣѾıʵϵĶţǰǧǬͼ٣ֻڶᷢģս
ڷ߶Ӱ˼Σ˰ǧһµ֮սֻǱԷ֮䣬˿̻ǺŽġ
ӵ˼ѾˣԲһЦã磬ɱ鲼Σأһˣȷʵȥ
ЦЦ̨˵Цˣ˵ˣȻˣ̨Ȳһս׸˵ãҪȥѶȴȱСˡ
˵ҲЦЦ
ҽľǧߣλ飬λһѽã˶ǰΪɽ硣ľǧЦŽ͵
ãһǳɫսףս׵ĲȴҲֻƷ𣬶˾ʹһɫĸֱޣȻϲֱ
ľǧߣȴһʮֺʵصĴ󵶣һսȴƷҿ̶ʮ˵ãҲС
֪Է˽ܣĿԼһϾһʤϼ֣ҶԷȻԼǿķΪϵԭ򣬼Ʒٱ֤ڵǿ߶ƷζżڵǿߣҲ޷˺
׶ľǧѺõЦЦҽףţԲλ档
ԣвϵľ⣬ƺǾ׵
ܴӲλ߳״磬СԵԣͬʱ׹
ףһʱȴЩȻ
ģŮǳƽŮӲһЦʱʹеܰ˼֡
ľǧ߽͵ֵܣ㲻֪λ棬Գһ壬гɣѶȿνǷǳ֮ģɽ磬µλ棬ֱλ棬ϸ˵ַߣǺıͬһ׼˲ܺǷߵͬ
εȽ׼˵籾￴ȽϵµĽ׼ɽһķߣνķߣָɽһķߡ
ɽ磬аɽ籾ɽ磬Լλ棬УɽΪס
ɽȽѣλ棬ʷ֣㻹ǵһ
ľǧߴһ˿˵ͬʱҲЦұΪǷһŽԲλ棬ҲҪȻʵôǶֻ֮Ҫܱסġ
֪ľǧߵ˼ҲɿЦ
֪ɽͲɽʲôطˣǲǵλôǵǸνġɽɽ磬ڲɽ磬ֻǾϣҲڲƴλ淶Χ𲢲̫
ʱҲȻˡ
ľǧʱһ˿ĳƺΪ磬֪Ϊ̹ʵڣҲʲô
ʵϣǧǵĵãټڲλ׵۽Ѿʮˡ
һ̸֮Ĺϵ˲٣ʱײ֪ԭߣ̺ǸĿռ֮ģرԪ֮Уֿռ֮Ƚԣһӡһ˺֣ܺ
һ㣬ǧ˺׽ʶģϾڵͼıѹȺ֮УֻŽᣬǳ·
һ֮жϵķŷַ֣ųԪڲռ֮ķ̽ˣȻ̺ɽĿռ֮
ԭ׻Ȼ
ǧߣ֪ղŴҴҶһȺʲôˣʵ
ľǧЦ֣Щˣ籾Ѫ½ִѲߣӦǷɥʬµǿޣǰ
νѲߣҲһִһĴڣεĻӣ֤籾İȫ
һҲѲߣΪЭĴڣһ㲢гͻ
ǷѲߣ籾Ѳߣ˫ǱȽʵȨһ㶼Ųĵλ
ʱŻȻ籾ô࣬ޣȴ࣬Ȼ˺̶ܴϣıͬΣա
ңһЩĴ壬ҪһЩµĻȻЩѲ߳֡
ʱ޵ӶЭᣬȻźܶ𣬵ʵϣͺӶû̫
ӵѲӡǣһһ飬ԭԭ飬ַûн
ȫѲߵ壬ƽʱѲߣһЩ˽ִˣؼʱȴܳΪǿľӣ
ңڲϵĿ֮ĥ£Ѳߣֻ˶ǾӢ
һ֧ǿľӢӰ
Ѳߵ壬ҲѲЩ⶯ˣֱ飬ҲȻľǧС
״磬ڲ˺ŶҪΪѲߣҪǴﵽǰھأֿḶ́һΪϸ񣬼ȫĿ飬൱Σա
ÿһȥǼԪӡǵֻвһˣǲѡġ
һѲУ޻Ѳ߻߱񣬶ԷѲ֣߳»˱ᣬԵ˲١
ЦŽ͵
ѶϢҲ֮ȫǺʵҲӦ
ϾǿѶʵ̫󣬵ǼԪӡǵˣôô٣
һµǼһΣһѡˣһʮѡһǧ꣬ķѲߣ
ңֻһǧôһǧһֻص㣬磬ǧ꣬һһǧֻص㣡
磬˶ã
һĴڣҲ˵ǧڸֻص
һʮ㣬ʮһǧٳǧڣȻȥȥ˵Ŀ֣ȻʮֵĿֲ
Ǹͳݣȴ˵⣬СĹģ㣬˿ڣ޷ģѲߵĿҲ޷㡣
ȻĿƣʮӴ󣬵ǰƽĻһѲߣڰ˿֮УŻôһǺСġ
ţ֪ѵûҪȥ𣿡Цʵ
һʣױ㿴ˣΪŮĿ⣬ľǧߡ
ľǧɫмεĿЦ֪ǧǰȥɽǵǼԪӡǣһεǼǵ٣󣬼ֻĸ˻ţ
Уֻһ˳ΪѲߣˣʧˡ
ҲһΣҲ֪⿼飬ǶôĲ̡
ľǧȻûбֹʵ׹ǿǱصľ޵֪ıжǿ
ľǧ߾Ȼ˿֮Уʧˣ׶ѲߵĿ飬˼ء
뵽ԼĿģ뵽鶼ȥľͲö˵ˡ
ǧߣûдȥôʵ
ľǧ̾Ϣһһ֮ʵûȥǲпĿ飡֪ĹذɣһξĹģ֮дʮ죡
һΣԵĻԼɱ󣬵һĸĨɱˣ
ԣɺȻ
Ĺ濴ƽʵ鲼ɱһĹǧŰپʮŶɱǿĻ󷨣һըܻĹأʵΣ֮
滹ײǿĹޣ
һɫò
֣ˣ㵽񾳽磬һȥСŶһ𣬴ĻҲ㡣ľǧЦŰο
һΣҲݺݵĵ˵ͷ
˵Żܿɥʬµɽڲ
ɽ֮£һ޴ϿȣŨܵİɫʹÿ֮еĿɼȲǿ
̸ⷬҲ֮롣
ڲпᣬȷʵи̸ϻѣĹѰ˹֮ױһֱ
ľǧˣѵõƢͶͬڷһҲѵõĶһΡ
˵ɥʬǰںͺڣȻ١
ģȻΪ޵ĽԪԪѲ߸ۡԪʯʯЩȴĻ
˾ޣ˺ڵĽԪ񣬶ֵֻԪʯһǰڵ޽ԪʮԪʯļ۸ǰڵ޵ĽԪһٿԪʯڵ޵ĽԪһŵʯļ۸
Ȼ۸񲢲̶
ͨһ㣬Ҳ׵ԼϵĲƸļֵ
˶ﵽƿϣͨսȻ׬ȡԪʯ
ﵽ񾳽磬ԪʯıȽϴԡľǧ߽͵ȴеѴ
ǧǿߣڵǿߣҺȻѲߣǰ˼Ѳߣ֣ƸҲһʯԪʯѣɼԪʯʯҪȡѶʮӴģ
˼ţǰȴǺȻĺȳĸϽ뿪ѾѲ߰Χˣ
ڵ籾źǲмĿ⣬ڿ˵ʱ۵ӡ
ڿϵս׵ʱоȻۺ̰֮⣡
ۻսװһ֮ȷʵ޷ʲôѪĹȻ䷽ȴûŪ͸
ľǧɫ˲Щѿһ׵ֱۣߣǵ󣡡
ѲԳѲߣһڲѲߵķߣȻɱɣˣһ
ע⵽ǰ˸ŵɫӡǹâ˳ʶ֪ѲӡеĹԡ
Ѳߣյȼǿȣɫֱ1ɫ2ɫ3ɫ4ɫ5ɫ6ɫ7ɫ8ɫ9ɫ10ɫ
׿Ԫ˿ĸһ·Բǧ׵ķΧʱ֣ɥʬµԭɥʬ·Բʮ׾ͻ꣬Բǧףֻһε
ߣ·սףһ˹ЦţĿĳ


357 ͺܱ̬
Ѳߺţ֪ȴûϵ˾Ȼ٣
֮ǰһѲ߾׵ߣȴûиܵһκ̰ζ񵹺ãЩ˷ֿˣɱ˶ᱦ֮ģ
в΢΢ЦƵĵǺܺãƾڵΪԼϵսףҲʵ̫һ㣡
֪ѾǱȽϰĶû뵽ⷨһ¶˻ˣҲԾ˵Ľȴ̫С
ϸ˵ʵȻǿ̫࣬һսҲƷսף̶޷׵廯ɽĹܶԷʵǿ󣬵ֻҪ͵Ϯ£һ֣ҲһЩս˻ɱ
⻹ƾ轣εԪͻϮпܣȻҲױʵ
ײںǣΪʱʵҲͬ԰׿˵Ѿ֮С
ȴûбֳʲôֻǺ򶨵Ķˣƺû˵ʲô
֣ˣľǧߵ֮˵ļƺ޷һһεϡ
ԣֻ΢΢һЦ˺ʮס
ʱãȴصĺľǧվһγһζơ
Եػ׵˼£ǲԶġ
мִȻûгֻ֣ĬĬĿһС
Ҫ˶һҲǲģһΣգٳҲ١
׵ԪѾ˵Ӱȡʱ֮У˫ľ룬ףֻҪһͷ׾˻ҷ
״磬ҿߣлĻһҪΪһɫķѲߣǧߴԸص˵ƺҪһ
״磬ߣҲص˵
ľǧ߸͵ı˼ȫ͵İγǿޱȵĳ
ˡռ΢΢һȻһεٵĳڿռ䣬һǿʵĵ⣬תգ
ʱѲߣȴЦһͬʱˡ
ɻҺɫγһһƣʱȫļסľǧߵĳĳǹǿԼĵ⣬εΡ
ʱ򣬵ʧУȻһɫķĺХŷɳ˹һƬƬķĳ
ߣ
ľǧ߱һȻӵٴʱ򣬾޴ģȫһһĽ飡
أ
ɫը飬ľǧȴȻ˳ȥ͵һѪ
ʱãɱ˹ȥʱѲҲһѪ˿ȻƺΪһǰڵ߼ˣ߳ŭ
ĸҪ
˷ĺֻӳţֱӵĽĹ˻ȥ
˻ûг֣Ѿ˷˳ȥҲС
׿˿ˣƺٴεĳս߿ӣƺѾǵһˡ
磬Ȼÿÿᷢգʱ̶ᷢսԵӦ
׶˵άǸжϾѣʶʱѣˣȴʮѵá
һֱһȽˣѵʱȴҲܳ飬֮
սױ֮УмƷԪҲ˻£սһ¡
Ͼڲпս֮УͷžĿԣ
ͷǱõУײźô£ȻѾˣΪսսȴԷ
𶯵ľԼѲߵ˻𣬻ǷԼһ˳Ӱ΢΢һЦ
ǧߡ˺ɣҵġ׶ŵЦЦЦʱӰȵƮһ£㿪һ˵Ĺ
ͬϵԷĹȻһʮ־׼
ޱȣΪϵ΢ЦͬͥŲľǧѡס
Ͼûгû뿪Ȼţľǧ߲Ϊһ˺ڵ˿ԶԿڵǿߣҲΪ׵Ǻؽ۷
һϣҲһľǧ˵Ŀᶨ׼һΣһܲĳܶԷУϾֻе΢ĻָһЩŸܴ֡
϶ʱ䣬˶ĬĬŬָֻǵվţͬԨsһ㣬һָĪζ
ѲѾۺˣΪԸʵ΢˻ˣûдѶѲߣһ㣬Ҳ׵֮ڡ
ɣ˴ȵ
ֳƺѲ߶ڲǷѲߵļƣҲ籾ڷߵĳƺһֱ
׶ֳƺȻû̫⣬ǶлЩģرܵľǧ˵ŽᾫӰ죬ƺҲ̶˲١
ȻľǧûսĻᣬҲ鷳ֱӳˡ
Ѿﵽ˽ǲεףֱӵʹһнǳ٣ݳѪĲ򣬶һУѾĲˣһͷų׶ʱоһеǿ
ǳ٣ͬھϵĹҲ񹥻ûν񣬶Ԫ˾⽣ǳ٣ԪС̫࣡
Ԫ񹥻Ĺ磬ҲڶĹģʵʮϡ٣ˣڸԳ֣Ϊʵ̫ĹϽ編֮£ôܳĹ
׾ĹԼʱ䷨ȵĳ־Ѫ򹦷ĵõѬգʸϵ۸̸ۣ׶ڽǾĽһҲʮǿˡ
ΪĹ֣ʹð޾Ǳʣ˲˰ǧԼ
ǳʹ֮Ԫһ󴥶ƺͨĳֶȻԪŴȻȻֱӵĺڶԷڵĿռ䷶Χһ
ָо̫ǿң׶µĸо
⹦ϾĵģεѹȴԵʮֵĳأûܵľǧã̲סԪȻһ֮΢΢һ֮£׵Ŀ⣬ȴѾ֮
𺳳νǾ޴ģţ˺ڵΪȻʹĹڽס
ȻصĻ֮£صĸолŻŵģͬŷµĸо
Ȼ׽ǳٵӰ죡
ֽǹȻԶԶĳԽ˽⹥⾳ʹĸ֣޷ܵһĽ⣡
˲ôһ£Ȼֻһҵʱ䣬Ƕ׶ԣʵѾ㹻ˡ
һӵʱ䣬ʮֵĶݵģʵϣڸֶԣȴʮֵģһ룬ͬһʱһ
ûʱֻ˻ɱһˣΪһڳԿһ֮ѹȻϵҲûͻϮĻᡣ
ҼǼƷǿȣҪƿڵǿߵĻķ棬Ҳʮֵľ޴
˵ϣǿɱڵĶֵģʵϣȴ
ΪڵĻȻƷƿҪĳʮ־޴󣬶ʵķ棬᲻㣬˾ͷӲƷҲɱڵǿߣԭ
ȴģΪʱ˲ԷԪûԪֻһѡ
ʱΪըǿеĺըɱǶڵѲߣ򵥣һܲ
ңܵɣʱҲˣӦǿԽһ󾳽ʵ
Ҳ˵˺ڣסǿߵԪܵķǿԳܵģ
ŪһףҲںͰĹ֮Ҳѡ
£׿˴͵ģһȻ˲Ϊ˱ⷨй¶ȥָȻķɽݡһ˳ȥ
ɽһռ˱ƵıըΪµٶȺȫݶǿȣ˲νʮ־˵ģ
ʱ򣬷ɽֱӶ˵üġ
ֻáۡһ͵һȻȻڵϡ
֮ģ˵Ԫ˲䱻סĲҺ
һУ֮Уӷɽ͸˵ԴԪʧʮֵȻֱӻɱˣȻΪɽǿɢ˵Ԫһ
ּ䣬ɱǿߣⲢʲôҪһ˺ڵĻʮֵĺ䶯ˡ
ߣ𾪵Ŀ⣬Կ׵Ƕôĺ䶯
ð죬ֱӻӳڵĻ桪˾綼Ļ档
˵ֻ޷ٻǿߵģǡǡ㲻
ƺ׸ľǧ˵Ĵ̼٣˴Ӳ쵽ľˡ
˿ˣʵЩĪ⣬ĸӦ׵ʵȷʵȫ˺ڣҲĵȼ˶Ȼỳ׵ʵΪ
𴩹˵ʱǿ񾳽Ϊ壬ʱҷʧ
׵ЦЦ֪˼Ʒǿȣϣ֮ûлڵǿߵġ
Ҳ֮С
ȡѲߵĿռָҲƷʮֵѵã׿˿ĲƸֻʯٿԪʯ׿ֱӵ׸˻űȽϺռָá
ۼ׺̬ȣټŵĺ˵õĿռָ΢΢ԥ˹ȥֻϲһ˿Ρ
þˡ
ľǧ߲ûֻ֣ǼĶȾˡ
˲¶ֶֺ࣬ΰֹõΪãȻ磬ģǵλСûעǣľǧ߸п˵ĵڲλ棬Ȼǳţ˰
ҲԣûһʵزģܴϼƷôҡڵô
ľǧи̾ȴ֪׸ø֮ױ䷽磬ǴĹȴ޿κ֮¡
׵˵ͷЦģзִ磬ҲǽңǿֶΣҲ޷ɱˣϾǵĻ̫ǿǿ˻ͺɱˡ
ҲʵľǧȻ뵽һ㣬Ҳɸп
һսˣʱҲʧ˼顣
ЦЦҲ˵˿ܣٵԵһġħʼΪ󷨲ǿֻƷ󷨣׵Ľ̺ܿ죬ӣԪʯϳһǿػ󷨡
һֻҪǿߣ󷨣ҲǾһĽ֣ҪƤ
󷨽֮󣬿ʼת֮ľǧٴεͬŹһ㿴ס
֮ǰ侲ƣڵֻǿƷ󷨣˶ޱȵ𾪵ģ
׼˵ģҲɺٺһЦˣΣأ漴Ͻ˰ɣ漸ʾʹ˺ܶࡣѲֻһȺҲưոݣ
ҪǣôѲߣֻźǿ޳ûЩҪʱǲ
˳ĸˣȻ⵽ЩѲˣΪЩһʵڿɶ˵ģҲЩѪڡ
óųƷĹԪЩҩϻһٶţʹõĺ١
Ū󷨣Ȼ޷ҩЧƵĵҩҪЩҩʮ֮һҩĵҩҲѡ
ǿĵҩ˳ȥһ֮£Ľӹ
ƷԪǵóΪһĳƷľ󣬶ΪѾ꣬תΪռλ治ͬҵڣҩЧûм˶١
磬ⵤҩȻ̺ǿ
뵽ǿǿļƷľǧȻʮ𾪣Ҳ뵽һʵǾǣһǿʦǷߵϣһԳȵı̬


358 ɥʬ
ܵͬһײҲЩʵϻǶһ룬ԼҲЩ˼
Ͼڲλ棬κζûЧƫƫǿĵҩ󷨷İȻȷģͱǿޱȵΪõ˽ҲѾˡ
Ǻֵһ£ԼҲЩοǲھеľǧأ
վԹߵĽǶ⣬ȻԸǿ
磬Ҫָ˵ѶǶôĴ󣬹Ԫʯģ˲ˡ
ҩޱȣ糬ƷԪǿҩһǧöʯļ۸
ԭΪֻһĵҩȽӹҩܵʵ嫵žޱȣԭЩԥȷЩҩ󣬶ʱҲȥˡ
׼ԥ΢΢һˣЦ԰ɣĵҩһƵģܺܿƣģ
ʱһԥľǧȻⵤҩ᲻óԣϾշǳ
˵̬ȣͷһȣôȥ
ǿҩЧ˲ָ˵ƣҽ˵Ϊǰƽһأ˾ǵĬĬ
׼һĻҲ˿
˵ʵҲûʲôϸһ룬֪ĵ磬ҩǿ䶯ԣȷʵʮֵľ˵ġ
ʲôȱΨȱǿ˲ָĵҩңĵҩڵڶֵҩļ۸ȻҲǰޱȵġ
뵽ǧǿڵĸ֣ӵеĲƸҲǧʯɼʯĳ̶ȣ
һǧʯһ˲ָԵĵҩ
Ϊˣľǧûŵҩȥѡ˳£һ㣬˵˵ػ֮
ıȽϲƸĻ˵һԪʯһԪǮһʯ൱һǧǧʯ൱ڣ
ȻǷǳֲĲƸ
Ȼֻһȣʵ磬ʯִһǧĲƸ
мƽţȴ֪ԼӵһʯҲԪʯʵѾǳˡ
٣һʯҲ㹻Լһǧˡ
һöʯṩһǧʱɼʯҲԭġ

ʱ֮УһĿռ䣬Һ֮ڶ
Ӧһ£ӿһֲֿĸоļ䡣
ײһˣĲҽУǿģҲЩɶ
ʱƺ̫ˣһ㣬Ĳ֮أЩҽе̶ȣͿôķ˵Ű
Щ̣һɱ¾ͷѲߵԪʱ㱻ĨɱԪѶȻҪ󼸷֣ȴҲɱ¾ͷ£ƺõ˽һ㡣
һʱҲƺ˿ֱӸ
ʱ׵ĵ׷ЩĸоȻǵˣֻҪˣҲν̣̫̫ף˼Ѱĸо
׳ĬĬԪʱȻȻҲ׵ԼԪʱĵһռ䡣
ڶռ׵Ԫֱ˰ǰ
ǰ׻û˵㱻ˡ
ף֪Ϊʲôʱ鱦ķ꣬Ƕԣȷʵʮ֮ǰ£ĴۣҲûжֺ
Ͻķ֮£ϵҲʮֽܵģ̫£ʺ϶ҲٿˣԭΪ֪ģϾλ棬ϵӦ׵Ҫķ򡭡
ͰĽ̸ײȫˣⷨȻ鱦Ȼʹá
ǿУʲôֱͬһ㡣
ȷʵһϣ̬Ȼǲͬġ
ͬͨ˿һɷҲ˲ֻϣʲôܴ뷨ûУԲУ
ֻϣǴϻСϣҲֻ϶ѡ
˵˾СϣǴ϶ѡ
˳Ԫ񣬻ָ˿Ȼվ
֮Уɥʬͬʪͬ¡
͸󷨣ܸо涼Щ΢𶯣˵ǰǿս
ɥʬһֱûޣ˳֮ǰһսûս
ͨһս֪ԼʵӦǺǰڵǿһս֮ġ
뵽ⳡս׸дŬĸѪ䷽
ǧּ¼ĵϰߣԼĳѪ׵õĺôνʮӴģУķҲ֡
֪ľǧ˵˹ԪǿҩЧʱضһҲҵĸ
򵥵һսԼҲ˽ʵ𽥵ƽǳһеʱҲӡ֤֮Ѫ֮е䷽
ӡ֤ԣʹ𽥵ֺЩˡ
Ѿ߹һ·޷ǱİĻѣ̬ĵã·ͨ˺ܶࡣ
֮Уģʱ䡣
ϣѾĶԪŲָ󾳽ƬΣҲǣֻҪֻԵͻҲ⡣
ΪѵõǣѪ֮Уǧڵǿʵĸ
ؼģ
ˣָ֮У𽥵ĸоԼԺ֮жĳЩ棬Ҳƺӵĳ졢ӵԲˡ
𽥵ĳɳĸоʵĳеʱ׺Ȼ֣Լˣģƺ𽥵ıŴһ
ʵĸо
ûʱʶƺ̣ܶƺܳĹ֮У¶Ʈݵĸоôʵ
䣡
Ȼ䣬Ԫ͵һ׵˫ҲȻһ˸
ͬʱȫĸڵǿȵǿȣ֮ǰȣͬСϪĶԱһ㣡
׸ܵڱڲϢʱ۾ٵĳ̶ȣǾ̫
һ¾磬׷֣ԼȻͻˣǰڡ
ﵽ񾳽磬Ҳ˿٣磬Աֶ˼ˡ
վȫһĳһıӦķҲѾ͸
һϵս׶ʱֻƷ̬ʾͬʱ˵ʣҲ˼֡
׸˵ģǽǳһУѾȫĴˣ뽣ǺڵһУҲаʹˡ
Ǳ衢塢ǶϻꡢǾУ뽣ǳ٣Ƶģʵ֮ⷽ𽥵Բˡ
Ǽ뽣ǹԪȴмѵ㣬Ͼеİ壬Щӡ
ǹѾ뾳ֱӶӦ֪ҪԼ޸ܻ֮дȷĽ
ƺӦվľǧ˶ʱ׷ҲվȻڼѾ֮΢΢֮󣬱Ȼˡ
ƺ׸ǵľȣѾ̫ˡ
֣û˵ģ죬ͻˣ˵ȥûţľǧߺ˵
κˣͻ˺ڣǰڣ޲Ҫ꣬⻹֪Ҫ˲űչͻƣ̣Ҫ꣡⻹ͻ֮ǰḶ́
ٶȣ̫ˡ
΢΢һЦ뵽˲ŰʮͻƣԼͻƣҲ㲻ʲôˡ
漴뵽ʲô̬ǱҲȻһЦû˵ʲô
ĵ֪Ҳŷ꣬Ͳڵͻˡ
״磬˾ˣԺˡЩ˵˵⻰նǺˣҲ˷ܺڴ
ľСãȴżڴվһߡ
ͬģҲܸܵľǧˬԼڴ
ǵģһǱĿɽ籾ǳ£ѵõǶǷߣµȵλ档
뵽ҪѶȿνļģκһɽɽķߣ޲أ˻ᱻӣΪԷԲµλ棬籾ʵ˼֣Ҳ̫ࡣ
ҴأһƬ
׼ޱڴĿ⣬ů˼֣΢΢Цǧߣѵڣǲһô
۾һʱ͵ͷԣȷʵһģ㻹ǵĴأ
ǿΪ𣬶ʵ̫࣬ţ⣬Ҳòá
¾ͷˣţȻʵˡ
ЦǰҶǴˣȻ빲ˣ
ԣӻЦ

󷨣Ȼڽ̸֮Уײ֪ԭ˵;ȷʵʮֿ磬ΪһԪʯνǾһޱȡ
ΪˣͬǷߵʱܰæͰæƴƴ˽ύҲ١
ֻΪʵпᣬܶߣһ֮󣬱ûлڶΡ
ףȻҲǱŰæչ˵ı⣬ȴȴչˣҽʶһǿߡ
Щ֪Ҳ겻ѣ磬к˴ڵģľǧˬˣΪ߲嵶ˡ
Ȼʱȥ죬ǳ֮Ȼо˵𶯣𶯵ǿƺʮֵӴ
ǧߣȥմְɣѲһֻǿް׺ٺЦ
ⲻЦݣľǧҲѪڣѲߵĻǵһθɣ뵽Щɺ޵ļһľǧҲǼӿ
ãˣľǧߺݺݵ˵
ҧƺҪһ㣬Ǽ
ģײЦЦ˵ľ룬һƪ˲λ书Ѫ书⹦Ȼʮǿ̶ȣڽ²ڵĸַ֡
ȻȻҲɢɱ⣬ҲͷԪ
һй¶ɱԪͷųȻǻᱻֵġ
ΪЩѲ֮û֣˶£ֻҪעһ㣬а͵Ϯ֮ġ
ҪɱԽĹһ˾Щ
׷Ƚƽ򶨣䷽֮״Ѹٵǰȥ
Ȼ޷УٶȴȻʮѸ٣ϢʹȻһܿǧ롣
ǰһ֮ʬڵϣһѶѵ⿴ôѪȡ
ĸϢѪȵʬ彻һ֮¡
üͷ壬ķɽٴϿշȥ
ԭ֮УȻһƵ˻֣֮ȻһֻͬŴһ޺ݺݵĳһɫľβ
䣡
ˮݣʺɫİɫĳȣ裬ž޴ľĽɫβͣһ˲ҵѲϣ˲Һһٴαը˿
ʣĽʮˣڵǿߣֻǻٶˣУȴһڵǿߣ˷ᡣ
һ꣬ݵģƺǿı
Σԭ׼һŵˣʱʧȤ£ȥֻ֣Ǿһˡ
ϸĿһȴûѡ뿪ЩĿⳡս
ǧߡǶãҶɣкϷĻȴԪķʽ˵ġ
ǰڣȻЩѣȴʮֻҪƿɡ
ǧǾȵĿһۣȻôܽԪʹһ˿Ҫʮģǡ
뵽Ǳ̬˶ʱҲȻˡ
ǧߵֱ쳹˵Ժ֮У״磬ɥʬɥʬǿ͵֮һҶû붾Щûһֲֻ˺ôģұ˻ֲǣɥʬ϶ᷢǵġ
ȻǧߵĿĿһģ֪ѣȴûԥ
ȻҲ뷨ȴȻüͷ
ЦЦϸ꣬ˣأ⻰ͬ˵Ժ֮С
ʱɥʬȴȻڵķһۣһֱۣע⡣


359 ¹˭֣
΢΢һɫҲ˺ܶࡣ
Ǹ꣬ǷʲôңɥʬһͷԣԷûз֣Ҳɻ
ľǧƺüͷҲǶûж˵ʲôǴεĿⶢףƺ׵ľǶķӡ
׳Ƭ̣صĵȿ˵ǶҪע⣬öҪɥʬע⡣Ҫʱ򣬿ҵĶ£
׵Ļֱӵ쳹˵Ժ֮Уʹ˼Ԫ֮׷ⷽԼʹõҲ
˾ٴһ˿˿ŵϢʹĸȫĸ֣ҲѾѷ׼˵Ĵˡ
ܶԷûз֣׶ֻǿһ۶ѣԼһͱˡ
㱻Σɥʬ£Է޷ʵϾɥʬᱣʵġ
ң׿ĺ꣬ʵŸ̤ǰڣʵ֮ǧǵǿʵ̫࣬ʵڲУ׾Բʱɱ
пֵܳһһ㶨ȻҲࡣ
£һսͬʱľǧԼõȫθӵشˣҲҪӵĽСġ
ɥʬǺȻǵĻͷһƳ׵εƿνǺܲġ
ֻǳôһĻƱҪСĽˣбҪ׻˲ľǧ˽֮С
ڣϢͬʱڲٿŵһγ󷨣Ȼֶֻ׼ѣЩħ׼׵Ҫʱ˲ϣγ󷨡
˵Ǳ֣˿ҲѾ¾㱸ˡ
սϣɥʬţٴһڶ˲ȫĽ޷ǿ߸˶ķΧ
ȫս׵ȶ㱻ⶾȻʴһ˲䣬˱ĲҺȻ廯ŨŨỊ̇ɢŸζ˲ϯս
˲ԪɫĹ㣬ɥʬһ֮ɵ֮С
ɥʬ˿ɢŰɫ뵵ĹΣ˸鶯Ĺâֹâ£ԭ˴˿ڷٵţϵٶȣֱͲڼƷԪǿҩЧ
΢΢һΣȻûƵɥʬӵɱԪ޲˺
һ©ɫøӵ
һսȻЩֱӵĶԼźɥʬսΣһĲеĻ㿿ʱ¡
ϾȻϵȽϴ󣬵֮Уһֲɱ¾أ÷ɽɱˣ÷ɱˣ֮ɱǧˣԼʱɱˣһһɱҲˡ
ߣ֮ǰµλ棬Ҳɱ༸ɱû̫
ԣײǰǰ㣬ɱ¿úأֻڱҪʱ򣬾Ҫɱ
ɱɱԼûˣ̸ֺ
£Ȼľǧսԣױ㲻Ҵ⣬Ͼθˡ
һֱʵΪû֪꣬˿ȻˣʮֵǱȴÿÿڹؼʱܶѸ͵һȻǱӱܿ
ĴˣҲȻĳЩ˵ע⡣
ЩƺЩɵҲ˵ʲôҲȥôô
ЩԷһƬγţȻǰ̵Ĺ嵱Ǻըһ㡣
ÿһΣÿԷʹɵȻݺݵĹ
Ȼһ˹֮һ˽Źһ˱óԪʯ͵Ļָ
Ḷ́ڶʱγѭò˵ЧҲܲ
ſŭɥʬĹ£Ȼǲģ
ϡ
ɥʬıһȻ嶸Ȼʮֵ
һƣԭʮǱ꣬ɫһȻˡ
һʮ˲΢΢һͣȻ󼸺ܵͬʱΪǿĹȻٵĺˣ
䣡䣡䣡
޴ıըݺݵײɥʬͬһƤϣ֮УѬ죬Ѫɢ
𡫡
ֳһȻ׼ɥʬȻǴͬһСɫ˫ۣ˸ɫĿֲĹâ
Ǻҹ֮У۾һ㣬һ͸ĺĸо
׵ĺݺݵһͬʱ֪ɥʬҪٴ綾ˣ
Ȼɥʬ屩ǵ˲䣬͵ǰ㣬һű˵ĹһȻ˳ȥ
ֶǹ죬εȴƺʮֵȻ
޴ĳص嶸Ȼеķ˳ȥ֮еʱڽӽʮʱɥʬɫĳȻΣȻһɫĻ͵˳
ɫĻ棬ƺֻ൱˺ھѣǿ̶ȣȴǷǳֲġ
֮УɫĶڻ֮ж޷ĶֹǿȡɱȻĺģ
аң֪ԼһţûмųȥҪȻһԼܵˡ
׿ԶԶܿһۣѾ²⵽˶Էơ
һжں̵ܶʱڣɥʬ׼綾綾ɹһӲʱѣͬʱٴ׷Ŀ£˼֣Ҳס
˭˭ǲһġ
ͣȴңʼĵȡ
رλռֵһԵġħȻãǸ޷Ҳ޷γЧĹ׵ʵѾ꣬ƺû⡣
ɥʬҲƺֵһԵУһʮŻ涾
ɱ¾ǲпģʮֵѪȡ
ʮ˵ȫһɥʬԣһԽɫĳ򼸺ըѣҲ˶ѡ
ɥʬʹĴ̼£Ƿޱȣʮ˺ݺݵ
һΣǿɫΧֱʮڵѲߣνǿ֮
һ˲䣬ĲĺĲ쳹ؼ䣬ʱľԱ֮ǲڶ
ռݺݵĲţҲڲţ֮Ǳը޴ĺɫĿӶ
ǿĻ£࣬γ˼ӲޱȵͬҽһӲʯͷѻһɫɽƺ˵֮ǰĲ
ЧͿյ֮УϵĴǿ磬ʵͬڿ
еĸζǼ˼㡣
ζԼƵĳ֮£ԶԶսΧ֮⣬оһʣһߣľǧ˸ǲ㱻Ѭˡ
׸ϽһϢȻ˹ֿ
׵ĺǳ֮У˶ʱ˼֣˹ֿŽֳΡ
˿̣ѾߴһԵȻѾȫĽϣѾγɣʱûп
Ƶĳ£׺Ȼġ˹ȥȻҲֻӶѡ
˳ģ˼Ʒ󷨣ѾȫĲóɹҪѬĳΪĳİ£óԪʯ֮û˿йҲû˿Ĳ
ԭҪֶɵ飬˿̷ɵİ쵽ˣò˵֮УҲôһĳɷ֡
ʮĲ귴
һ㿴ʮѲߣ·ӹɵǣ꣬ҲͬһѲߣҲͬĲڷУҲȷʵĺͼһˡ
֪ԷԼҲ֪ԷԼһˡ
Ҳ֪ԷΪԼûзƣȻ׼֮
ȻԷƵĺܺãǲò˵ӱⲢûдȴǱû֪ȴܿϵķʽǿڵǿ߶֮ɫİ˼Ʒ󷨵ģ
ʮɥʬõ˼ʮԪ̲˵ʵû֮ս֮ǰӵǿˣ
꣬ƺı⣬ɥʬøӵǿ󣬸ӵı̬
׶ɥʬЦԱߵľǧߣ׵ţֶԶɥʬֿһۣ΢΢Щɻ
ȲɻɥʬȻ͵ĳ˹ȥʮֱӴ壬ʱȻһɳ죬ͬһ㣬ٶȶ˵Ǽ죡
꣬͵ĳһ߷ȥûг߳
ȴȻȻһЦûп󷨣ǺȻһ֣ľǧԺ֮˵ˣ
˲䣬ľǧ˲ûκεɻ˲׷ٵĺ˳ȥ
ʱԭһ꣬ȴǶȻѾ˲ĵط
ʱɥʬͬѸ͵
䣡
һڶ;޴ɫĻ棬ȻѾڵĵطΧȻȴûнڹΧ֮ڡ
ƺƵʮֵƺɥʬƺȫ˲˹Ƶʺǿȣûнꡣ
Щô£ľǧˣоյıܿɱһ
ʱľǧ߲Ŷƣϱܵľ
ʵıԣˣǿߣ
ʱľǧҲʵоˣͬʱҲԶԷô΢¶ɥʬĹоľ壡
˵ǰƵɥʬĹֲܿĻôƣʱ̶ܳϣǸӿֲġ
״ľǧѸٵܣľǧжǵ뵽
ǣƺ֪˵뷨һ΢΢һЦҲ˵ʲôֻϵţôǿҡ
˿̣յɥʬƺһ£꣬ȴ΢΢һ㶣ȻٴεĲĴüͷҲšһ㡣
صӣƺٴһ㡣
׵Ȼûп󷨣ǳϵϢ
һǺҹ֮УȻ˸һյһɼ̶ȣʮֵľ޴ġ
ʱײ귢ѣΪĵҲоƺǿڵǰ㾳磬ƺӵǿ
ңΣյĸоһֱĵƺʮֵΣһ
Ǹ߶֣ԼƺǱĴб¶ݣֻҪԷɵһ֪յ֮ơ
ֻݿճǼһõӡ
Ȼ磬ʵΪҪģⲢƲ߾ûãļƲһrƵ翴͸һУļƲߣȻǺܹõģľǧ˵ĻѾ˲ɱˡ
Ȼ׵΢΢ĳһ£Ȼһ̣ɥʬ꣬Ȼ׵ǰ
ʱɥʬٴεĹˣ귴΢΢һƺҪɥʬĹ
һжʵֻǺȻЦˣЦݣֱӵʾɥʬС
Цݣɥʬƺֵζ
ʵϣЦݳֵʱ겢ûܣɥʬҲû綾
ֻǣȻ䣬ǰĿռ䶸ȻһڣȻ󳡾Ȼ任ռѹȻ䱶
һʱûв֮£궸Ȼ䱻޴ݺݵĳ֮ϣȻݺݵˤ˵ϡ
ͬʱɥʬĹҲȻݺݵĳϡ
ΪûܿɫĻǿĶֱӵĺݺݵĳϡ
һ̣ϺȻɢɫĹΣЩȫĻΡ
ɥʬҲһɫսףȻ֮⡣
һĻȫûκξȣֻǴŵЦݣ֮еһеķľǧãȴǿһУʮֵ𾪡
Сţ˵ǺɫСͷĳ׵ǰ
΢΢һЦʮɻı飬ЦЦţǲصģȿȷ¡
ľǧߺһϴģ׾Щ羴ĿС


360 ˼ɱ
׵һ̬ЦȣûпɥʬޣΣҿȷɥʬߣҲͬҲ˵ÿǿޣһǿѲˣ㣬ʵǿȣҵ󷨣ֻа˼Ʒסһʱ

ô죿ȻǵһκѲսȻǱʵŵˡ
ʵо仰û˵ģǾΣأֻʮӶֵ˲ʮӣҾͻὫĨɱ
⻰û˵ľǧȴһۣЦŶõȻ˵滰룬ҪΣգ绹ôǿǽʶһĿɽأ
ľǧ߾ºѾȫĶ׳зˣʵ֮ǰóصĵҩʱľǧ߾Ѿзˡ
һε飬ľǧ߶ףӵġء
˵ʵܼ򵥲Ҫڵʱȴѡ
ΪʱޱǱмѪˣ˵ԡ
˭뵽ɥʬˣ
ҼЩɻˣҲ뵽ɥʬǿ󣬶ʵѡ
ʵŶ֮սǺģϾ˭˶սʱսƷԼո
ǽɥʬϵΪһ壬ȴûκ뵽Ȼף
ǿһ㣬Ѿǳ˵ǻˣٴλһµʱսľǧҲȻ겻ѡ
˵ףԼһΣܻỳڵ꣬һڵǿߣܻɥʬˣ
ľǧпã˿Ҳģ˵뵽һ
ѾģԿԺ֮УҲˣԪ֮ģѾʱ֮УֻҪͷԪ˲ɱꡣ
ǸҪôƼľǧڴ
׶ʱҲ˿ĵ֮УҲһ֮ɱ
ҶԷֶεʲôдһƣΪʲôԼ˸еա
ⲢУҲǴ⣬Σյʱ˲Ĩɱ
֮ǰԼӱɥʬֿϢЩأҲΪ˻ָ״̬Ȼֿɱǿķ֮
ЦŽ͵ǧߣʵҲǴˣʵľͻᷢġ
ʵϣȣֵһ˵ǣȻǿȴҲֻڵ޶ѣǵõ޳ΪޣҲܻΪƷսס
ƷսףȻޱȣǶ۶ԣȴʲôų۵Ŀԡ
˷˸ۣĵۻôȻˣȻϾҲֻ֪Ǵ򵥵Ŀʼ
ʵϣģֻȻɱΪ˶ᵤǲȥոģҪոڵޣѶҲʮִ
ˣþһȫɱ޶ǵˣٳ֣ңɥʬȻģԽɱ̵ԪʵԽǿ
ұɥʬɱˣռָҲᱻ̵Ȼһ㣬еһιʱһ߲ռָߣûʰȡֻܡ
⿴£Ϊ׬Ǯ˲Ӱʲô׬ȴ׬ΪʲôҪôںЩǮΪʲôֵζҪô̫ôԺǿǼȻΪʲôҪΪʲôҪװڣ
ΪҪһǣ֪ɥʬǿ޶ֻ֪ԼѣѲˣ֮ǰļι֮УɥʬԱ˺أ˺ȴôᡭ
һеһУ˵ɥʬʵ걾ޣ
Щ˵⣬ɥʬһЦ˲䣬Ҳͬʱͷôɵ飿
ΪɥʬĶͬҲˣ͸ɥʬ˫ģ
Ȼʱʵѹˮƽˮƽ˲ܷǣ
ɥʬͬޣһɱ¾ԵޣˣܼʱĿ͸Ҳˣһ㣬֪ɥʬʵµޡ
ʵ࣬ȫȷģһ
תܣʵʾΪ˱ǶɻͼɵȻָ˱ʵһռ䷨ɥʬĵط˲Ĩɱ
ΪʲôΪϣɥʬ޵ع⣬ָʵʱ򣬿͸ϵս׵ƷԼռָĲףԶ̰
һûɱǣΪǽұ֣ܿȴѾ͸һУ󷨵
ŵ˵ʵƣȻһˣײǵһôˣƽʱһ˵ʱҲȥֱͣӵĻɱУﻹȥʲô
ľǧ˶ͬ飬ҪʱǶ˼ҲǺܺõ飬ǵĳɳʶ
˵ˣȻʵΪ𣬵ǹĶǶթȻҲ١
׵˵˶ܲĵͷͬʱ˶׵˼ܡƶʮֵľ塣
׼㣬Ҳ΢΢Щɾ͸УʵϣһǸľ޴ϢڸԪʯ档ȻһǳУȻ˭Цһˡ
ϾǿߣǼ򵥵Աġ
ӣʵһ룬ͺװյġ
꿴䲢󣬱ϾϢƸӦԲ²ĿɽСһѲߣһźܴĿɽɱˣгɾ͸ôЦ˵
ľǧ˷׷׼ĵУȻУ÷Ѳһ֪ˣ˱ֱӵĳΪѲ߶ɣҪ飡
ҲЦǰǧߣ⿼飬ǺһѲʣ˿ǲõģ
ľǧȻĵǵȻ˵˵ҪЩɾͣҪ汾³ΪѲߣ÷籾һĵλ
׵˵ͷ̸ⷬʵҲͼӶѣ󷨣Ѿڿʼˡ
ľǧϻЩǵģϾڵǿߣʵ̫ˣһԷִѶĿɽأһһأô죿
ľǧ˵ĵǣ׵УʱҲ뵽Ȼ󷨸˴Ѷĳô죿
ǧǶһʧοԼߣʱҲᱻŭͷԲǡ
룬ȴǷģѾɱȥˣڰ˼Ʒɱ֮Уɣ
ʵ˼ƷҪɱǿЩѣȴǲܣĿǰ󷨣ǲеġ
⻰ֻǸڶѣһױ㽫ӰͶʱ֮С
ֻǣԭԲˬʱȴȻʧЧˣ
͵һɫʱҲͻˡ
ֱ仯Ϊֱ۵Ӱ쵽ľǧˣ˶ʱҲõս׼
ȻҲʶˣǿߣֻǻЩֶεġ
ڣ׵أֻʹǸӵİ֣̫ǡ
ʱʧЧƬ̣Ѿ뵽꣬ʵòʱŻʧЧ
ʱҲһǿӲľͷˡ
ߣѵʱͲɱˣɽٴΣ֮Ѿ⴫Ѷ˲δöԷʵòֺξ壿
ȻԷʮƵ󷨣Լһ˼ֻҪʱ䣬ûκζӰԼԼҪκεѹ
Цʱ̫ѵڶİ˼󷨣Ͳô
Լ˺ڣϰ˼󷨣ʵһ㣬裬ҲӦ֮ˣ
˲Ȼ󵱼һȡԪʯɶȻӹ̡
ԭ󷨣ȻƽɱѾ¡¡ҵĺ


361 ػն
ڲԭɫмȻ꣬Ȼɫһ£Ȼ˶ʱ任׹һбѾһǿĻ档
ɫϵķڣɫǽӲӵͬĿĽһ㣬ʮǿ
һ󷨵Ķʱ㱻Ŵ֮£оһļµĸо
ĸокǳأͬʱҲӿ󷨵ϡ
һ󷨣ϵļӳԭ֮У˼Ʒ󷨣ϵĸϣγɾż󷨵ģȴѰ쵽ϾʵȻ٣ȴҲܲóżƷ󷨡
ϣȻҲԽԽǿԪ棬ȻҲǳ֮֮ǰƽϣȻ֮£ҲţѾ˲ǿĻƿ󷨡
µһУȻ֮У˲ġ
ȻޱȣȴŲʱһĽ˸ĥ
£Ļǰ߻ԼѣҲʩչһֶΡ
ײΪֻЩֶΣ֮£ѾΪ֮ҲǴ⡣
֮Уͬһľ֮ȻʮֵĿֲģٰųֵĻ棬ͬһ̻һȻ䱬ը˺޴󣬶ҶԪ񣬻Ÿʴá
Ҳڱɫɱ
İ˼󷨣ȻƺС˲٣ΪϽ̶ȣ󷨵ɱǼӴģ
Ҳˣ磬ʦһˣѲ߶ɵ֣ϾʦΨһԾȥı̬ڡ
ңԽǿʦԽǸĪ⣬ˣʦΪУκ˶Ըģ֮УѾʦĵλ˲٣ʦĵλȥ塣
Ȼվ⣬ĸܵ꾪ŭӵڣԷȻ˽̸Ȼ뿪Ļᡣ
̬ȵĳ⣬ٻ˼ֳȴܣϾʦĵλ˵ãҲҪԷ֮ԼֶζԸŶԣȻ߶ôϡ
ûиԷκαͶĻᣬһ˲佫иϵɱȫĿȻľǧվİȫ
֮Уһĵضɽҡıը֮𣬶Ҿ޴ľ󷨰ȫشЩĶȻսʮֵļҡ
˶û⣬ϾľǧҲ֪ˣĽֻһǾǣᱻɱ
ʹģҲܽԷ
̣һֱʱڼ䣬ѾļӳĴɱŽ׵ɱȻԪҲ
󷨳ʱؾһıըһ㣬νǽһƬССɽĥ˷棡
ȡĿռָֻ΢΢̽һ£ȻмʮʯǧԪʯǶ׶ԣ㲻ʲôֱӵ͸ľǧߡ
ľǧҲûн飬ֱˣӦĶʱľǧߺݺݵĳԾһ¡
֪׵ĸԵҲûж˵ʲôһŻҪʱԼóҲһҿŽ𵤶û£һŽ𵤶ǳԽԪʯľǧҲ治ˡ
ɥʬޣΪʵֻڣѾѾɱĨɱˣɥʬԪ𵤣ȴȡ˹
Ԫ𵤣͵ġħ޾ˡЩƣȻ󷨿ʹãҲ̽Ԫֱܲա
뷨ոֻ¸һʱ䲢̫ƽ׾ٴһ¡
ȴʱ£ڲľǧߵ֪£ѶҲǺܴ
һԭزһ͵İ˼󷨣Ȼ˵ϡ
ʱľǧ˵Ժ֮Уȴ׵Ļ
ǧߣЩһܣһ͵󷨣ɱǽ
˶ȻûγΪԪʯ˸ߵʯ޲óϾƽնڴɱɱ֮йģѰǱ
ױ˫ۣԪʱ㣬Ȼͬʯһͬ󷨣Ȼ֮˽ӡʱܻޣںİ˼֮С
ʵѾ󷨣ȴ֪
ףʱˣľǧߺȻ󾪵
ʱǡһĨɫĹâ
ȻǼõѣǱϾײ֪û˰йעԼĵǵڲλһںʱٵķӡܼʱһǧֻϧ˼µ磬ԭΪûЧġ
ҲңⶫȻЧȴֻܳʱ䣬Ҳǧ꣬Ҳؾȣץʱ䰲ɡ
ױƭѣʱĹҹϵ֮İǿߵ˽ȴòʮֵأԲѡ
ȴٴζױĿ⣬ֿ۹һγ֡
ǰڵľ磬ȻŪʱһǧķ󡭡
ۺڵǿߣһǧʱ䵹ˣҲǺѵģһ꣬ʵֲ̫̫ˣ
𺳵ͬʱҲһۣǶӶԷ֮пˣ׵δɾͣ
ҲĺңԼˣ٣һϣˣ
Ȼ˵ֱӵģˣ׷ľ磬Ҳȫˡ
Ȼֱӵĺ˵Ŀ⣬֮Ե΢Ц
Ҳ֪ʱѵãѰ˰İȫĵطʱ׷׳׹ĵ˵ͷָĵط
ףѡһߣȻŬĶ
֮ǰεײûпٵĳԣǽǰһδεĸȻ˼š
ᴩ̫Ⱦ翪ʼһһζûзŹ
ָܺ˼֮Уʱš
׵˼ȴδϡ
ƣӦôһǲƵôɵģһ㡣
Ͼڵķȴܴ򣡶Ȼ޷ǹǷһֱʽѡ
ȻƵķȷϽķĲ֣ôǲǿԿɣǲϽ֣
ǰȻһƺΪ˼ĳֱʵĶһɼӿٶȡ
ͬʱ׼ǱֱܵһʱһŽɫԪ𵤱Сɥʬڵ޵Ԫ𵤡
׸Ž𵤵ĴȻǰȻͨķʽٶȹȻ
ǣһ̣׺Ȼ佫УȻĸȻ֮Ȼת
ʱ׵ĸǺȻ䱻һȵĵһȻ
ͬʱת֮У׸оԺ֮еԪ񣬳ȡؼٶȾǿ˲٣ҪǣһǿһɥʬԪ𵤣ֱӱ˽ȥ
̣ɥʬԪ𵤣ƺƤƺûд
һ£׺Ȼ򣬶ʱƺ׵һЩ
ǵģκη֮£һְԽ֮Ȼˣֺαֻ֮أ
򣬲ѣ⽣ԼһְԽ֮Ĺ뷨޹أ
ǵģ뷨޹أΪܾһƬ淨ģЩǷƣֻǷ֮еĲֶѣʵ뷨ǷϽʲôϵ
뵽һ㣬׻Ȼʣ
ǵģȻȷĹôԼΪʲôҪȥ޸ģ޸֮󣬱罣ǳ٣Ĳһô
ʵϣ޸ͬû޸ƣûж٣ڱ˵Ҳû̫
˲ЩҲٿȻ˿
Ͼڲλ磬͸һ㣬ʵ̫ѵˡ
˲䣬׵˼볹׵ɱˡ
ȻѾԼ£Ҳ˵⹦ѾûдģˣҪԼȥ򣬶ԣķȻȥӦʹ⽣Ĺ
ͺñ19Ÿ֣λķͺñֻ1212Ӧһͨߴͨ
ֻҪľŸ֮и12ܼĴͨͨͨ
ʵӣһ뿪ˣȻˣŻһ¶ͨĸо
֮ǰһֱôȥıͨ뷨ǲԵģϾѾ߹һΣͨôдأ
ֻΪλ淨ЩӰ죬˹ҲֻЩ覴öѣȴǲŴĴġ
׺ȫ̩ȻˣȻ޴ֻҪ½㣬ţۺڣҲڻ£
ʱǬͼ֣һ𣬱ضԼˣ
׼ᶨ϶Ŀ꣬ĿͶȻ
ʱ򣬱תŵŵĽ𵤣ھ޴תٶ£ȵĳȡţϵĽ׵Ԫ֮С
Ԫǿľ£ϵɱٵĳɳš
ʵ̬Ҳ̣Ҳʮֵ˳
ʱţɥʬǿԪ𵤣ٵţͬʱ΢ЦĿΪҲٵľš
Ϊڽ̬λ׶ڽĹ֪һ㣬˶ӦʵҲѾ˳뻯ĲΣֱӶӦ˽ؽľΡ
ؽΣذ壬öӦǰڵľ硣
磬Ͻ֮£ʵѶǿ˺ܶ࣡һڵԪ𵤣ûͻڣȻͣǰڵľ硣
ʵϣ֮֮ǰȣѾŽ֮ǰԼ˲Ĩɱ
˽ײ˵ţ
ǺȻ丣ˣȻޱȵĸӣһֱԼﵽ磬ܲ
һ򣬱ֱӵ˺ܶܶ·
ҲˣٴεĽԼľƥеĳɾ͸п֪
˭˵޷ԽɱУ
ţ񣬿ǿޱȵĽŵؽĴذ壬Ǽ򵥵һɱʽ֣ԾԵĴذ彫Է˲ɱңһػ꽣׿Կ϶ڵǿߣҲʮУ
򾿼֮ʵ
ǽеİԽԵ
гŵѪҺٴεķһ˵泩ͼ
ǰڣӽԲͻڣⲢΪģǣΪǰڣʹõؽһڶĹһذ塢ڶػ꽣׵ʹó
ңΪ׼ǣԼʹ㹦ʱᵽֽµĸоԭйļµĸо
ָоôϤڲλ֮䣬ܻĸо
оˣ
Ĺܻ֮ɽɾͰԽ֮ԪʵĳɳҲǷǳľ˵ģȻ粻䣬Ǳʵǿȴʮֵԣ
ԪԽǿȻԽǲױ˿൱ڲλƷһȻԪûϸ񻮷ֳ֣ɳ˵Ķĸܵ
һ۾ĨɽһĹâһš
ָʱʵ̫ҲѾˣĻ˽һǧꡣ
нǧʱ䣬ײ˷ѵϸٴ˼Ƭ
ЩķʵҲǷֻΪ壬˲ʧЧˣһеĶʧЧô
һĳţϣܷܶڵƬ淨Ļ
ʱţһǧĸײŷ֣Ͻķ֮£ķǲܶһģһǧ꣬ǰ״ѡ
һǧ꣬Ϊ׵ʵҲͻƽڣѧ˶ӦĽؽĹػն˵ѾסڵΪˣ
һ˵ؽĲķػôζţھ磬ȫ͸ˡ
һǧʱ䣬ûһ˿˷ѣһֱŰԽʽϰ
棬ʱȥˣһ֪ΪչһĲпɱһǰķǣҲǲпҵ֮ء


362 ɽ
ػնһ㹦ȫȶ֮ױ㲻ϵϵʽ
ԽʽȻǿޱȣû˿
ԣ֮У̬ȫ仯׾ãһʮܹ̣ҳ֮УʱţѾȫıˡ
ǵ磬Ȼаܶһľ磬֮󣬽ﵽ۾֮󣬽ȫûпۺڵǿ֮ݺᣬϾǿŽȻǿ󣬵ڰеߴ˵ʱô˭ǿ˭治һˡ
ǾϵĲˡ
µȴǽÿһ㾳ŬԲιޱȣֻĳɾͲŻӵĲ
뷨Ҳǵλʱʵ֤Ǻܿѧġ
һλ׷󾳽ϵǿôۺڵʱ򣬾Ĳȶ޷ܽ𽥵ǿ˻־ľ棬Ҳ֮󣬸ȣ޾ķ֮С
һδεķͷβḶ́ʼȻЩ裬ֱں̵ܶʱڣܽӽ⵽ؽľȫʱĸоһɹɵı͵ĳ嶯
ֱͣԲĸоʱȻͻƽ뽣Ĳ㣬ҲڵĴԲ۷徳磬ȴûôϾǧ꣬ͻһ磬ѾˣͻƵĻ̫̫ڷâ¶
һֱĬĬûս٣׼þȻͻƣԼȥͻơ
ֵΣȻ˲٣֪Щͬۺڵǿߣ޲Ǵӿʼʱ򣬾ʶ屾ľͻƣҲܼ򵥵ǧ֮ڽԨĨɱ
ۺڵǿ߶ԣһǧеʱ䣬ᳬӣҲ˵ӵʱ򣬾ɱһĶǿߣ
ۺھǿߵʵȻ⻹ֻһ㡣
ţĴ򣬻߼Ĵ½֮ϣʮǿǿߣֻЩΪ֮λһֱ̲ѡ
ǿ󵽻֮佫ߺߴۺڵǿ߶ӡĹ֮еǿߣҲǺǵô
˼ţȻ˿ľǧˣ˵ʵʮǿ󣬵ȻǱʹڵ۷״̬ʮˣһ֮£˺ʵĶͻˡ
ΪһγԹԪǿҩЧʹǵʵﵽڵ۷״̬
ױȴΪԵĵҩȽ϶࣬ҩҩЧһ㣬ֱӻںϵԪ֮׳ԪԪıʡ
ۼ˻϶Ѿòˣ˿ƺûʲôȽϷսȻ˼֣֮䳷ϵ˼󷨵ʱǣֱӳ˰˼֮С
Ӧʱı仯ͻǿң˶˹Ҳͬվ
ľǧԭЩɻ󣬲Ƭ̣ǾͶȻˣȻûΪʧ̫źҲ֤ǵ̬ܺá
磬־ˣŮӾϲ˵
׵˵ͷҲЦŵǲҲôǺǣ˵ˣһƺôƽǸϽ뿪ȥһ
˶׵츳ţѾֲˣʵ̲סЩ̾
ǰҪͻڣѶ֪֮磬ûЦ
ʵϣ磬Ϊŵͻһ㾳磬Ҳʮ꣬ԼʮͻˣѾǳѵõˣٶԱһ׵Ļǧ꣬翴ֻ꣬ͻˣһڵľȹ̵ôȶʵ̫ǿ̫̬ˣ
겻ѣ׸оǾη𾴣ҲоԵ
ױɢ޷͸ʵģôȴûбҪϾһ·飬ֻб˴˸ӵ˽Էʵܸõĺ
ңͬһķʱҲſ䷽ķģʵϰַ䣬ܻ׶Էʵ˲䷽Ȼ޷͸
׳֮˱һĳɥʬµһ˹ȥ
ҪֻΪ֮ǰ̫ĵ飬ȥʵˣµʵսбҪġ
ʵٶȻ˲٣ǰ֮һ޴Բĵط
ǸߴڵĴɭ鲼ţԲȴɥʬµɭ룬ƺγһ塣
˵ûǰߣˮĵط޵ģر޳ûƵĵطˡ
һ·ϣնɱ֮У׶ٳ֣Ϊûжľǧ˱ѾԵվǶȣػġ
ԲĵطѡһطȻһСС󷨣Ϊʱ㡣
ʱû˵ľǧȴϸ׽
磬ºﳣǿ޳ûҴڵޣڵޣԴǾﲻ̫ȫĻӦü糷롣
ľǧߺȻЩԾԾԣȻʵﵽڣƺѾﵽԲͨսܲѹ֮ʵٽһ
Ͼ۷״ֻ̬Ҫ㹻ǿӦÿԺڵһսġ
дߣԱѾˡ
ľǧߵ뷨ȻѲ²⣬ʵϣҲ֪ãԼҲƵ뷨
Цŵ˵ͷֻƷ󷨣һڵԳģǲؼʱȴҪ̫ػ󷨣ǰ˼󷨣һڱȽǿޣôǻᱻԷĹ˲ģ
ϣսʱҪСģҲҪأҪС
ױϾ˵Ĵ磬ҲѵõкĻ飬˵
ȻȻͬʱҲҪԼҪע⣬漴Ҳֹ֪ƺǲҪģ׵ǿƺҪɱڵޣѶȷǳС
̶ϣ㾲ţȴš
ɭҶХţʵĵģľʪĿ֮УԵмɭ
ԶǿҰ޲ϵ˻ţʾǵһһֵĵķΧƺ棬һֵߡ
һֻɫĳһѪɫѪëʨޣһųһĽɫĴβͣٶȼĳºԱߡ
ڵޣһʮǿޣ
Ѫëʨ޺Ȼ̧ͷ˵󷨿˹ʱľǧ˲һ¡
û뵽ȻһΣǿޣ
Ѫëʨޣ˵ʮֵǿ󣬲ӲޱȣͬһǿӲǣǵٶȼ죬ֶÿһֹ˷ʤ
ľǧѸٵͷʹȻҲԸǿ׵ɱޣҲԸްյӲ̡
ԥһ£ľǧ߿˿ףصĵ磬ʮֵǿ˺ܲöԸҲ֪һǰڵޣڵʵ൱ǿһЩܶԸڵ޺Ͳڵޣڵޣʵ̫ǿ
ǣһǲȥԿϾԽΣգҵԽа
Цŵ˵ͷģ˶ȥԣǼǵһҪԼֻҪ군ҵĵҩܾȻǵģǴɷġ
ױսһ£˶ڴ˵ԼȥðգֺȻᵽûд˵ĺ⡣
ҪʱָܻɷɽٶȻҪ˿죬ҪȻѣ
֪ԼʵѪëʨӦûҪǿ󼸷֣ΪޣûиоΣգЩѪڡ
Ϊײʮֵķĵľǧ˳ȥ̽һ£ǱҲ̽һ⴫˵֮еΪǿڵ޾Ŷ
ľǧ˾Сĳ󷨣ʱѪëʨ޺Ȼ䳯ͳ˹
ݡռӰһţ˲䣬Ѫëʨ徹ȻȻ仯ĲӰͲӰƺżǿ
ʱ֮еףȻûɵĸоһļ£ʱ׺Ȼ俴Ӱ֮УһӰ۽֮ԳӵаЦ
Цݣʵĳ̶Ըӣ˲жѪëʨޱ壬⿴ʮǲӰһĶ
񣬸ͲҰ޵񣬶һͬ˵һ㣬Ѫɫ۾Уǳɱ⣡
һ˿Ĳһ˿ӣĻôľǧˣ̫дˡ
ʱҲܲôˣȻһػն˲ʹֱ۲λȻ˿һɽɱʽŵػնĴذľ裬͵ķ˳ȥ
ʱ򣬿ռ䡰ݡһݺݵĲһ¡
һ̣ѪëʨĲӰݺݵĳڷŹȥľǧϡ
ءҵײݺݵĳ׵ġ
ۡ
Ѫɢ˿ܻѪ˶ʱ˳ȥһأ˼ǿش
кȻȷʵû뵽Ѫëʨ޾Ȼǿ˹
ȻѾˣǺȻѪëʨ޵ĹѾһ˵ϡ
˺ݺݵ˺ߵĵϣϣ׵ĺըӣ
ϵĻս׷ʮֵ˵ãôǱɱĽ֡
ʱӰȴ˷ȻͼһٽɱȻɵ
һУֻǵʯ֮䣬׵ĹһҲȻ͵ķǴа˫۵ĲӰϣ
䣡
ɽȻݺײǲӰϣȴȻ䷢˾춯صһ
ǿޱȵĵػն㹥ȻûɱѪëʨޣʵ׵ܵ˲СĴ
ҲȴȤ
һİӰʹһΪֱӵָżƷĹԪľǧ˵ڡ
ʱӰǰҲͬʱӰ
ֻǣȻӰЩѪëʨ޵ķսԼ̣֮֮ǡǡ෴ȻΪ׵ѡ
һʱںһ壬һֱ̣۷ɻ˶һضĽؽ
ĵؽķɽ
൱ڳƷķɽں˴ذļƷɽ
˴˿ȫ˳Ŷ侲״̬
Եеʱ򣬵һȫĻ˷ɽ֮׷֣Լƺһȫľ׵״̬״̬ͺ˺һһ㣬۵ĸȫʧȫûӰ죬ͬһ侲Ȼ
ǽһˣһʱףѾȫһķɽˡ
ɽɫķɽ֮УʱѪëʨޣƺҲܵ൱Ӵѹʱ嶼ռ˷Ȼںһ壬˱ޣֱԳս״̬
ֽȻѪëʨ޵Ϊǿ״̬
״̬ı仯ȴżһݵ˲ֹͣͣͣʱ䣬ֻǧ֮һʱ䣡
ǣһ״̬µףĵĴ˲乥Ļᡣ
£׵ĸܵȣȫ˱ֻʣĹ̬һĵԣ˲ץסÿһ©Ȼ˲䷢ΪĹԾĴ
ʱȫĸӦ֮У˲䣬׶ˡ
ƺһɫķɽȻ䶯ˣ
ʱľǧѾ״ָ̬˹ϾƷԪı̬ҩЧѾڻָ֮Ųͬʱһи𾪵Ըӣ
ε飬ʵ̫дˣ
رǿڵޣԼ˵Ϊֱǲ
뵽֮ǰ΢һŵԥ˶ʱ֪֮ǰ״Ѿ֪ƺȫ޷Կޣǳֻ֣Ϊ˸һССĴ
ǲǰ¶ģڸ׵ͬʱҲһҪŬΪʵ
ʱ˺Ȼ䷢֣˲ܻһɽʱףƺȫûκεĸ飬ǿƺһ˲䣬һ֮ɱµκһ㣬ָо𺳵ͬʱҲоЩļ£
Ǵʵʵֲ̫ˣԭڣҲôֲʵ
и̾ţȴĿᶨĶף֪ǲǲģһսܵΪǿҵһսǼţ
ɫķɽȻʧգͬʱҵĲһ¡
һ̣ɫķɽƺԽ˿ռľ룬Ѿս״̬Ѫëʨߣ
ʱѪëʨѾȫĻս״ֻ̬Ҫǧ֮һ˲ʧôչʾΪǿս
һʱ׻ΪԼѪëʨޱΪǿ״̬ܺõ
ɷɽ֮Ͻķ£ĵһս˿ǰ侲Ȼ󱣳˲ɱеľģΣѿ״̬
Էɽݡһǧ֮һͣͣȻֱӴ͸Ѫëʨ޵Ԫ֮ڵĵط
ǿĳƷŵػն۷ɱģʽ˲£
ۡ
ҵѪëʨ޲˼Ŀ֮УֱӵĴ͸Ļ͸һֱмӵӴļƷƤף͸һֱΪԪݵѪ֮µ㣡
ɱһȻɱʹѪëʨǿĹ£˫֮еѪɫϵĻƽ֮ɫ͵˿־ľ
ռƺȫһ£ȻءһѪëʨ޵嶸Ȼ䱬ըԪ𵤣ȴѾܻɵķɽڽɱͬʱֱľ
ؼ䣬Եʮֵľס
ʱǸɱḶ́µĲӰڿл֣
صһ


363 ˼Ļ굺
Ĵֳ͵״̬ľǧУһھ׵֮дһ𺳣˲ĥӡ
˵Χеһжʧˣֻʣǿһ
һ֮£ȫ˳˼һ֮Уƺ׵ʲô˼˵Ƕݵ
ΪףֱѪëʨ޳ȥѾβһССвײŴָ߸ߵ״̬֮˳
ɽ壬ʱ仯ױ壬˺һһ״̬ȴȫʧˡ
ȸ֪ȫĻص档
ָоǿҳʹعʱ򣬸ָоǿ˲١
رǿģʵظʱָоķǿ֮
΢΢һͣȻջ˴бζĿ⣬вҲ˼֡
ƽʱ£ӵƺƽһЩо֮侲ն״̬ʹһ˵ʵȫķӵ۷壡
Щ֪ʱ򣬲Եôĳǿң
׷һ˸ӵעЩˣģƺ޲̺ŮӲһͺã
ĸоȴ˲
ǰ񻯷ɽǴڲλ棬Ϊȫû̫ķɣ磬һʹĹ׷֣Լڻɽ֮ȫǱģرܸоԼɽ˫۲λû˿еıĽ⣡
оɲҲ֪ӦòĻֳķɣҲλԳ̫
ڽؽĵ㹦״̬Ҳַ֪ɣϸ˵Ƿǳġ
һΣֳʵ̫жʱ˼飬½õ˼ȻɲǼʧˡ
ʱȴȥʱ֮ȥˡ
ϾҲкܶʱûкһ𣬶һαȻֻعײŷ֣ĵ˵ĵλøӵҪˡ
ңΪǿҳʹײǿҵˡ
ʱ֮УײûǷܿ̽ʲôһͬϷһȻ󷨣һ֮컴ɫǲԶ
ΪʱΪһǧ׳ʱҲֻȥ˼Ӷѡ
׳֣ľǧ˶ʱæ׵ߣµʱ˿
ʱٿõʱָо㵭ˣֻǻ۹Ƚþм־Ĳ׶ӣһԽҲǺ
ȴѾ֪ǻķɣϽ֮£񻯷ɽȫĴһָ߲ε״̬ΪӰģԼɽһɲǣͬʱҲĥзĸ֪ˣ״̬£˵ȫһûκθֻɱ¾ԼƵǿĻ
Щ֪֮ԼҲҪ𽥵ϰЩźãֻӦԺΪǿĻɽ֮ķɣ

ʱôţһֱΧºУֻҪڵǿޣ׳֣ԺСڵޣȴľǧ˳֡
º޺ܶ࣬رÿ峿ºʮŨǰ޾ͺܶ࣬սͱȽϵļҡ
֮УʵĽսøӻֱɱɱ֡
ʵ֤ɽ֮ȷʵȫĳУʮƣֻҪƺΣճ̶ȳٷ֮ʮģɽ׻ѡΪȫķɱޡ
ֻҪΣճ̶ȵٷ֮ʮɽᾡܵĥޣ޷Ȼս֮
ÿһλɽָ֮ʱ׶޷ĳ
ʱ׶ⲻҪʧңʱȻǰʱ֮У˽лá
Ҳ֪׵Ϊװ֮ÿÿʮֵΪʱ֮׺ͬʱ֣˾Ȼˡ
ϾΪǿߣܵ˫Ȼȷ¡
ǿж׺һ֮͸ܵˣһΣһӡ
Ͼһȥ˲λδִᣬѾûа취ȥչ˶ڶȻʮֵĿء
ʱԣʱٶȣȴ޷Ӥãʱ䣬ŵͬӤʱ䡣
һ㣬Ȼмֹ죬뵽һ˰ȽᾧȻʮֵĸˡ
ΪҪҲֻÿһʱͽʱ˼죬棬ʱ䣬Ѿ൱ʱҹ༸Сʱʱ䣬Ҳݱ֪
̣һֱûг֣ƺʧʱ֮С
ʱţתۼ䣬ʱ䣬ֹȥ࣬ľǧˣҲѾͻڣڵľ磬ףҲͬͻƣڵľ硣
ңɽķɣ𽥵ϰˣٲڷ֮ˡ
ΪﵽڣҲ˵ؽĵػһ㹦ͬģڵؽ㹦ػŭҲˡ
ʹ״ڣԵ޵ˣǰڵǿߣҲȫһս֮
ˣľǧ˶ʸȥѲߵĿˣһ㣬Ҳ׵˼
ʱˣȴûн϶ʱԭ򣬶Ǻӳʱ䣬ȷʵҪܶ꣡

˳ɥʬ֮󣬱˷һһСͳǳءǡ
ȻѪ½ϵһСǣȴǷĿеʥһĴڣĴ½ϣһʮǳأڷߵĵ̣Ѫ½ϵǡ췣ǡǡĳĴǳأڷƿصģҲڷߵĽɣκ籾Ѳߣ¡
ǵʱȻ˿ʮܼЩĦ࣬ȴܵ˳ǰڵǿߵĻӭر˵ĴеĿġѲߵʱ򣬳ǹĽڡ
һµļ·׵˶ٶЩƣ˽֮˶˿
ȻӵˣǴʶĲʶģ̸ֵܿ
ʹЩϲ̸֮ˣҲ¶˺ƵЦݡ
һ㣬ڳ⣬ǲܼġ
ǳ֮УвɫɫĻɫӡǹˣǻѲߡ弶Ѳߡ
ǴѪ½λãͨȽϵķ㣬״ʱϾԼĺҲܿ
һζĴʱһԣҲʵ̫пˡ
ѲشȻʮԪʯķãѲִرƵԪӡǵѫ£ѫ£ȻҪȥ֤
Ūһ֮˱֪ҪŻᱻżѲԴ죬ͨռŲƴȥ
Ȼʱ䣬ױľǧˣǳٿʯһȽϺլԺ
լԺúú󣬹ȨȻľǧ˵ԪӡǣֻеȫԪӡʧӲŻᱻա
ɽˮķӣʹľǧ˹С
ڽլԺһ֮󣬱ֱӵʱ֮УʱѾиӦӼˡ
Ȼ֮󣬻̥ǧ֮󣬺ڳˡ
Ϊ˶˼ͼǹңȡΪ˼С籾֮࣬ʵѾˣϾˡ
Ӥ֮󣬶ǰڵľ磬ֻһ㣬˵ƽӹҪϵȥȶ͹̡
ʱ䣬ʱڲʱ䣬ȴǧ죡
ǧ죬гʱ䣬ʱ䣬麢һʱ䣬Ҳ㹻ˡ
뵽ӣҲ˶ڽϼ˼ƣǣСܽǣ֪ôˡ
ʱףڿſɰĺʱĿӿǿҵ˼֮⡣
棬ͷԸľǧˣҪԽԼķ䣬ʱԼȻ֡
ˣǲ̳ȥ
Ҳˣ㹻ʱź˼
˴һɫС˼ȴһΪƷ
ɱЩ޵ƤеȫûԪҺ̬ڴﵽڵľʱҲɱΪ˻Ԫ
ȡ˼һľѪȻԺ˽ϴ󣬵йԪǷٽĳɳһľѪȴΪ˼һǿػսսѥȻҪʱһɽ
ӴϢ˵ƽ֮ŵʱ䣬ΪҸģȻһʵҲܹ¶ʱռ֮С
תۼ䣬˼Ҳˣʱ䣬˵£˼ʵҲֻǴﵽ˺ڶѣĽͳѪ򹦷
ĺȥ˼ɰĺɫ̷ԲԲԴ࣬ŵԵһ㶼ˡ
׸һ˼ͷĿм
ʱ䣬Ѿ˺룬ȴûб÷ɽȥ˼ֳС
˼ϴɽϢȽңҲܶˣշǳӦ㣬ֻҪ磬ܽػ꽣ĲΣ㵽ȥУ˵
Ժ۰ǿԵģǱҪʱҲҪϾһĻûǿԱԨ۵һˣģʱôĶ֪
˼Ȼ֮壬ȻʮֺãҪ磬ֻûʮ꣬Ҳ԰쵽
ʮ꣬𽥵͸Լµļ侧ʯѪĵýĵʱҲ㹻ӦһеΣˣʱΪҪǣԼʵӦ㹻Ԩ۵ˡ
׵֮˼оη壬ίˮؿȥˡ

ʱչױ߳ʱʱǡѲǰ·ǰѲش
Ѳش˿˱Ƚ϶࣬׸Ӧһ£ʱ㷢־Ȼнˡ
Ȼһβμˣ˲١
żѲۣӡǽɫģˣۣۺڵǿߣһ˲õǿߣ
ʮѲߣƺѲߣûôǿĴڡ
żѲߣһɫսףս׵ǿȣҲǼƷսףһսӴѹȻһƷĺ鱦
ǿ⸫ͷٿ˿ǿ׳׳ĸ첲һһͷ£ֻԼᱻ˲ɱ
ϴ𺳣׻ͷˣ˺Լһ㣬ͬʮ𾴶𺳵ĿǾżѲߡ
رǽɫѲӡǣЩäĿ𾴣
ˣǿи̾ţĵʵֻǲԨ۲ˡ
⿴ˣҲףĴ½Ϊʲôռһϯ֮أΪһҲǿߣֻûкЩ½ۿսѣ
ôһ룬ҲˣΪ໥ʵ࣬ԲŶǼɵԲűƽⷢչµ֮սȴǶᱻ߲룡
ˣҼȻѾ׼ΪѲߣϸ˵ҲڷߵĻӾӣ˾ҪľΪսѶΪֵø˶ľ
һο飬ҽὫŲƵ֮УǺûҲû˵
֮еĴ֮УһػСһܹ֣Ļ굺Ļ굺֮УһԨ
һΣҪĻ굺һʱ䣬ȻöĻ
жĹ֮Уȫ̸ѲߵĿ飬Ѳ߿鲻ͬȻɱҸϣŽᡣ
ŽսȡʤģֱѲߣɱõսģҲϸ񣬵ֻΪһѲߡ
żѲ˵ţЦЦܳɹҾǣһɹõѲ֮֮ǰκγޣ軯ɸΪ񲯣ҷ˳ΪѲ֮󣬻¼ɰйĶǣôϲΪ˾żѲߣҶὫĨɱҪҵʵ
ǾżѲ˵һ㣬ȴܱеķ߽ܡ
ȷʵ߱ƵһһֱǱ籾ѹĶ󣬶ѲеλҲΪܶ࣬ŽԵʡ
Ѳ֮˲¼ɣ˽ĻôƱزŽι̣ι̵ľӣֿܵЩѲأ
Ϊִ֮ˣھ֮еļɣʶҲʮ̵ģΪˣӵҪˡ
ң֮ս֮лɱҲΪһҪʱΪʤǿԲһеģ
ֺֻŽΥȻȴᳫ
ǾżѲ˵꣬ĿϵɨһۣȻ˵Ĳɽˣǵλ棬һν޻ĮĵطһطĻߣĻ굺֮ͬĵطġ
ʵϣϽķ£λ棬ܵӰλ棬ᱻĵͶӰõĵ򡭡
ǾżѲ߻˵׵ģȴƽˡ
Ļطʵӡ֮кǿµĵط˵طֻڲλͶӰĻôĻ굺ôľտֲأ
Ϊвӿ˿˿Ĳ
ÿһο飬ֻһǰյؿ飬һΣȴٶˣ
ÿһΣֻѡңҲ˵һεʣǵͣ
׻عͷһۣϣ֮Уʵģڣǿģڵǿߣ
׵ģɵ뵽ʱѹ˲
ȷʵһεĿ鶼ȥʲôҪԼ
뵽Լĺ˼ԼˣԶڲλԼǣױһɹǿ붯
ʱһвܻɽ״̬ǿʵʱ뵽ЩײžôӦоա


364 
żѲ߿Ŵ𺳵ģ⡣
΢΢һЦˣмȻѾһ֪ô׼ãҪͼһʹÿռ䷨͹ȥͼߣԸ
żѲߵĻֱԵ쳹˵Ķߣֻ֪ۺǿ߶ӵеȴ֪һۺǿߣҪǿŲ˵ԶԶ
һ㣬Ҳ˵ˣǰżѲʵʮֵ˵á
Ȼᷴʲôվһ𣬿˼֣ʱϵϢݵ׵Ϣ֮Уײе
ʱʱȻһ˲ľǧ˿ʲôʱΪĵƣñ¶
׻߰ʱ򣬶ʱоռ䶼Ϊ֮һͣ˵Ϣ
ʱ򣬿ռ͵һնѸٵĺڰٶˣȻʣû˾һ
ʵϣֻǶݵһ˲䣬ָֻ˹ʱھżѲߵĴ£ѾһƬεĴ֮ϡ
ɫĺˮʮֵƽһ˻ûС
Զһֱ쵽ľͷһ޾ĺˮ죬Ҳκεɽ͡
ͣƬ̣żѲ߻ָһ£Ȼٴζ֡
ռһζЩվȵĸо
ָоȻƬ̼䣬ʧˡ
ٻͷʱ˶վһߵĻĮԵĮӴ󣬴ŷԲﷶΧ̶һŵĺˮǰȴһƬ޴ïɫɭ֡
ɭֲɫģǴһɭֲĺɫֺɫһֳŵĸо
ɫҶɫĿҿʪʮֵĴ󣬵Ϣһµ
׺һһʱͿʼ˼𻷾ͬĿνп⡣
Ǻĵһ֮Уǿĺܶණġ
죬֮ǰ˵ĽĻ굺ĵ죬Ļ굺֮УһԨ
һΣҪĻ굺һʱ䣬ȻöĻ
ĻԨ֮Уںδʲôػǵ顣ţܵ˵ĻǿĿֻ࣬вһٿţҲ˵˶ܽңôҲֻʮͨһٿĻ֮УһųĻõŹʵôܳΪļѲߣ
ŹʵĲժѶȣʮֵĴȰǣòҪǿŹӵ⡣
ˣڿʼǿжˡ
żѲ˵꣬ʱӰͬˮһȻ޵ӣʧ
˲ƴŲƶͬ˲û⣬ȴ࿴һۡ
ȻȻѾ֪żѲʵ˵ã¿һеʱ׵Ȼ̲סĿ
˺ǿȷʵӦҫʵΪʲôҫʵأԵǸĳЩһ塣
˼ͺˣȻӦǽǰٿŹӵѶȡ
뵽һ㣬׺Ȼһ䣬ʱ²⵽ˣϣֻۺڵǿˣżѲȫûбҪôһ
뵽Ǻģ۴Ҳ㲻ǹ£ױȻˡ
żѲ㶯ҲͲ۸ΪԼһˡ
֣ڣڵʵȻ޷ɱԷҪܣҲǲѵģػЩȻҲ㲻ʲôˡ
΢һ£ǰһȺһȺ˶ʱɢ˿ûжԵЩ졣
磬ô죿ľǧѯ׵ãҲػߣĿѯʵζȻУѾȫΪˡ
׸մ˵ʱȻһɫս׵Ů˹
Ǻãҽз˿һŶӰɣܺһ𣿡
Ůԭһֱһ΢Щ԰ĸоǴ˿̶׼ˣȴ̬ʮֳϿңҲżֹ
ĿŮһۣû˵
εĿѶ̫󣬶Ǻܶ˶ʱϳ˶飬Щ˶ȾָǳĻֱǲĿ֮УֻŶӵĴʲŸһЩ˿ϵ˵
ܸоŮȷʵĵȻЩ⣬ҲȷʵǷߡ
ȻðȻһϤŮӽԼĶ顣
˲ͬǳĻöĻ׵˵
Ůҧҧ֪ҲžǣұҲһǰڵǿߣȻˣǼڣҲһս֮
ȻΪ˼׵Ķ飬¶ĵƣ
΢΢һ㶣ĵŮ˵֣ô֪ԼһаʤƵģʵ̫ˡ
뵽Ůǰڵľ磬ڵǿһսҲСģˣȡöĻӦòѰɣ
ɻģŮ˵㾳磬ľ㱾ܸӦһΣҵֱңһμʮĽ֣ұΪܸӦرֲһЩķţҲСɣ㵽μȫûĽֻ֣֮·ϣּһ˿
Ȼԭˣ
ֻŮһ˵׺Ȼ뵽Լǰ˵Ļ֮ǿĲĸоʱ͵һͻһɲõĸоͷòɢ
׵˵ͷˣӭǵĶ飬ֻǼȻ飬һоͱҵİţĸӦرǿ󣡡
˵ƽĿȴʮĶŷ˿
˿룬ҧ񱴰ݵãˣҵϣҲʵĲοһ¡
׵˵ͷ
˿ѡнԼĶ飬׻Щ̾Ů˵ģò˵Σգţʤù̬Ů۵ǿߣֻǲ࣬ϾĹضӡôǿߣλӡۣۿҪǬͼֵӣȻв֮ˡ
Ҳˣֻ磬Ѿûж˱Ȱǿˡ
ʱܱǺȻġ
ԣΣʧܣһˣԲ
ԣײ÷˿ȫԼ£ϾΣ٣ȥ´
˿飬ö˸˵˶ΪʵȽǿľǧȻ˼֡
ϾȻǿľǧ̫װΣҡ
ǶǰˣǼȻ֮Уټʵʵȫ۾ȥжϣǳ߰ɡ׵ĿһۣǰͨɭֵĻĮǳűĺ˹ȥ
ľǧ˼ûκεԥ̤ȥ˿ȴȻԥһ¡
ԥһ£˶ʱʧˣ˿ڵĵطȻռ͵һһɳһǿϸһѪɫľס
䣡
ռ䶼Ϊ֮һͣ񱩵˲Ҫڷ˿ϣ˿ǸӦ˲䳯˷˹ȥ
ݡ
Ȼ仯ԭǺĵطȴһƬĮˣȴȻǰš
˿ЩĸģЩǱ
֪ʲô˿Ǳʵ˿ôˣ
˿Щټ֪˷ʲôƵģʱΪ׵˵Ĳ󷨣Լԭᱻǳ󷨹ΧͲڱķΧ֮ڣԼľǧ߿˿ֻǴһ£ȻԵЩǱ
˿һʲôû˵ףȴоƺ֪ЩһϾΪʲô׻ѡжȻ˰ȫ뿪󷨹Ͳ˺ˣ
ƣ
һ㣬ȻͱԼǿˣԼ֮ȴ֪ƿ󷨣ɱ֮аȫߣ
ͬʱ˿ҲȻ뵽֮ǰ˵ͲҪκεǣֻܷϾΣյʱôʱȥʲô
˿ЩҲԼûԼֱ
һֱĬĬǰţǰĮ֮УȻԿʼߵһˣֻЩʱܣʱԼ͵ĴԼϣȻѪЩ˸ǺȻԱըһƬˡ
֮һпôĹ죬һпôĺ
׻ȻֻǰضĲǰţ˵߼˼λƺʮн
ľǧûκεɻȫεĸף˿֮ǰ˿ʱҲûκεɻ
׵ǶʮֵϤһֻ˵λռ䣬ĵط
µλ棬ĻֻĻ굺ͶӰҲ֮ûκ˸ǰġ
𺳣Ƿ˿ȴľǧ˿ûֵı飬ҲֻĬĬĸˡ
׿ʱĲжװ󷨣˵ȫǿԼ֮пٳһ·
ǰ˵ǻЩ׿ȥҵģЩܿʵǼٵģҲܶģΪ
һʱ׶ĸݵĻߵϤʹĮǰûд󷨣̶ܴϣҲ˺ܴá
ڷ˿֮ǰǱȻѾƵˣΪײſ˵Сνɱ׹Ūġ
Щ׶˵ȥ˿ȻͱȻΣչͷһҵĻֻǻ군
ʱ֮󣬳Ȼǰϵı任ǱۣȴʵĸӦǰɭֵϢ
ǰֳģһƬ޴Ļ𺣣˸ŹѪɫĻ𺣡
Ҳ˵һƬԨһĻ𺣣
֮ϣһֻľţ鱦ƷʵĶľţסǿĻգߡ
ĶľţԶûмޣ֪ʲô
ߵһĵطĬĬͷšħٴθӦһ£ȷʵ֣Ͳǻ棬ɭֵĳʪϢҼǿ汾ܵĲ˲ľ⣬ʵϣĸӦͲΣա
ߵʱľǧ߼˶˼ǿҵľ⣬رǼѪɫĻʱ򣬾ʮǿ
Ԫܵľ⣡
ʱ򣬷˿Ѫ֮𣡡
תѪ޻רԪ̫ΣˣҸоõ鱦ϣƼֻȥʮֹ⻬ȥ
˿˵
û˵ϤĵŮƺΪ֤ʲôƵģߵűߣȻ̤ȥԡ
ɫѥӸϣ޴ʱʹһƺߣͬʱ޴ĻʹȻԨµĻ𺣵ȥ
ǱܵĽһһ٣͵һšͷ亹ɭɭ˻
һȴǲ԰ײѡ
һУ˿ȷԼֱǶԵġ
ȴƺȷʲôһ˵Ҫʱ䣬һȥ
˵꣬ҲľǧԸԸ⣬Ȼȥ
Ļ͵ı˳ȻȻ׵壬ռ䷢ƵıըƺѪˮɢ
ˣˣ
ľǧߺжȻƬ̣뵽ƺôɵ뵽ǿ˶׵ƺǿ˲١
˵ˣǼȻĸףǻҲû̫壬΢һ˺ԥȥ
ڷ˿𺳶ֲĿ֮Уͬʱջޣлʱƺ
֪Ҳȥ
˿̾Ϣһ˻ȥ룬Լ֮ǰŵԣȻӦ˲Υ׵˼ԥƬ̣ҧҧ͵ȥ
һɼȵϮʱȫһĸоȻ٣˿оԼ˲䱻ըˣԪҲޡ
ֻǣð죬ȻУþòɢĸоʵ̫ˡ
߰ɣɵվˡ׵Ȼ쳹ĶС
ңôû˿ŷ֣ԼȻվһɭ֮УɭڵȴʮµĽ֮Уһµĸо
ľǧȻҲմ֮߳ͬĴžҵɻ
Ц֪ȥʲôط·ģ··ģȴ·
ҲһνʵҪԼȥжϵġˣ߰ɡ˿ǣһΣϸˡ
׵˵
˿ȴûκεĻɣ֮ǰл˵һ䣬ʵѣڣѾȫ۷ˡ
ԭˣˡ˿˵ͷֽٺǿҵĴ̼˶ףҲĪĶøС
ˣʲôһ㶼ף׵˵ƽûƲζ
˿ΪʲôȻ԰˵Щֱӵ˵ûӡ
㲻ǸоǻʮֵĿֲôĸоģΪ𺣣ֻаʱʱ䣬ԥӣǾǼˣ
׵˵˿Ůӡ
ɷϣ˿ƯջŮζΣ
ŮȥΪԷǸŮ˶ȥӭֺã׻ûĵġ
ŮҲˣ׶ԣ֮ܽ⣬Ů˺޶û̫
׵ʹ÷˿Ů˶ײ
̫⣬ӻɱ鲼أһ·߹ģҿʮˡ׵Ȼ˵
Ȼ˰ʱңģһˣ˿ӦǡøӦʮˣ׵˵ıϣ
׵֮µϢ˿Ŀ֮У˼־塣
һеĲ󣬷󣬻Ƕ޻𺣵󣬶׼ޱȡ
˿֪ʵ֮䣬໥תʱСʱڣΪƵԼԥһʱ䣬Բǰȥ˳ܵ˺϶Ҫ󼸷֡
һеƣҪǶôǿʵ
ɭƺǺҹһʱ򣬷˿ֱҲӦûʲôΣգ׼ûָһ£ȴ׺Ȼվ
׼սˣɱˡоһ˵


365 Ԩ
һεɱײòأΪΣĺΣա
⿼ȻأҲΪѡڵ˲ţңΪѲߵĻǲҪġ
һ׵ģ˿ɭ֮ɱ֣뵽֮ǰЩεΣգױ϶һӦΣˡ
㲻ǣ׼һܱҪõĶࡣ
׸Ӧ󷨵Ϣ˷Ը
ʱ򣬳һֳΣĸо˶ʱֱӵĻ˷ɽΪľһ̬棬Ȼ̬ʵϣѾ˷ɽ
״ֻ̬һֱʽѣһɽữһҲǺġ
ﵽڣ˵ؽĹʹ׵ΪȫĹڵľ磬ֻҪͻƵؽ㹦ͻڵʵˡ
ػŭ֮󣬱ǵػ𣬶ػ𣬾ѾҪǿ󵽼ȥʩչˡ
һʩչһУԤʾţѾﵽڵľ۷״̬
£ڣҲֻ˵ػŭһ㣬һ㣬뻹ңԶ
֮ף˼ָԣ̫ԣĿ漴ûһ˿Уĺ
ʱľǧ˿ҲѾȫ׼׼ӭΣյĵˡ
ʱ׸µıӰνǱǿģǹƣ˶Щܲˡ
ľǧѾϰˣ˿һμֱӰܵĳ˵ǿ
ָоʹǶԷûнĿϣͬһִ׵ĸһ㣬ƺı¶ڶԷĸӦ֮Уû˿ķ
д󾪣˿ȴ񾭱ʮֵĽء
֮ǰûбֳ״̬˿̱˳˵ʮֵա
ʱ򣬷˿Ҳĳ׵Լǿ߰϶׵ʵ
ʱغȻƺһ£Ȼ֮еĺɫɭ֣һϡ
£ĺˮʱ򣬺ˮϵӣȻѾȫˮС
ʵˮϢѹʹľǧ˶һǿϢһѹȴȻûж
վԭزҪпգǻþ׵ֱ쳹Ժ֮У˾һ漴׵˵վԭ˿
ˮ죬޴вͣķʮ׶ߵĺɫˣпյĺɫռ䣬ͬڶһɲ
ˮϿգ׹ɫ磬ĺˮݺݵĺը׵ϡ
ڷ˿˵УѾ˲ѪȾһƬˮ
ȻȻƺЩӰһ
ѪȵϢصĺˮѹʵʹ׵磬һжʮֵʵ
뵽֮ǰ޻𺣣˿˶ҧأӲûпһ
ףľǧߵˣ⺣ˮ֮Уһֱ˽ʱͬľ˷ĳ˽׵ĺը˵˶˼أѾŲסˣʵܻĪľԼӦûԳȥ
Īףʵʵ˻þ
ˮȥ˶¶״̬ʱ׺Ȼˡ
ӰһֱӳΧȻԪ֮һ
ѣ
һһףݺݵĺը˶ߣ˶ʱһ˹
ۡ
ͬʱ˶͵һѪرǷ˿Ϊʵǿܳǿɫ԰˼֡
ʱƺʵõľ֮˳Ҳɶ˺ð졣
ʱ˲ŷ֣ԭǶû׼ս״̬Ѿ׼Կɱ״̬
ˣʱֻһɫͬҰһ޶Ȼ͵ĳ˹ɫԴ׳ɭ׵ݣںڰɭĻ£˸ŲҰ׵ĵĹΡ
׺пɱ⣬ȻĴ
ʱ򣬷˿˲žѣ𺳵Ļ£Ԫ񱻾ֱЩ޹ôˣ
һУƺ׵֮У
׶Ȼ仯һɽ˳ȥ˿˰ġ
ģһǵһ棡
ֻޣǰڣǰ֮бȽģǷ˿Լֱâ
׶Ȼɽ֮͵׼н·һֱһȥ
ޣǷƵģȻ䳯׷ȥ
ϷһȻ죬¶ɱʱǱȻ٣ֱӴ͸ռһ㣬һ˲䣬һû޵ĿС
ݡ
ۡ
ӿ룬Ȼӱ͸ű͵һҺ
޼˲͵ıըʱƺѾƣּ˵ʱһʱػ
͡
ӴıըԪ𵤱ըʹֻ޶ȻҺһըľ˳ȥݺݵ˵ϡ
Ԫ𵤱ըֱƷ׼õİ˼󷨵ķֻΪըʱݣʹػѣԶԣˣȴûκˡ
ʱֱٴεĳ˳ȥԸ˵ޣȻѾڻ¡
һΪʱɽֱӽֻĨɱȻȡԪ𵤡
һУʵҲڵʯ֮䷢ھ׼սľǧˣûܶ߳˿Զ
Է˿ԣͣƬ̣Ľˡ
Ѿˡ
˿Կ϶ױֳʵϣõĻ
ȻߴıӰ÷˿ɶ࿴˼ۡ
˿ôҲ벻ף֮ǰȽϺĿº͡ȻʱԵмĮҲܸܵůĵף˿ôôѪ
Ȼ벻ף˿ҲȥˣϾÿһǿߣԼܡ
ײ֪˿ʲôҲȥô롣
˿ܣΣƺ࣬ûлֱָӱ˻̬
߰ɣ׵˵û˿飬һ˫۾ɨľǧ˸Ŀӡ
˿ȻƾӦס
ô񰡣
û⣬նţȴʾ벩ѧ
־ףԼͫƺɢŽһĻ棬Īǿ
״˳ǰţڷɽ״̬ͬ˺һһ㣬Եõ˸õҲƣȫȻȻĳУ֮֮ǰͺǿԼǿ˲١
ƾĸӦǿļһ·оյٴδԽɭ֡
һΣǸԨĵطʱҲоɽʱ䣬Ѿ˼ˡ
ɽʱ䲢ֹģȻǴУĲĻʱ൱
£ҪӦԺܶͻ״Ҫʱ̻ᷢΣգ˻ɽʱ䣬Ѿˡ
ﵽٽ㣬ԨʱҲĵĲˣֻɽ״̬˻
񾭺Ȼɳˣֻˣ׵ģʻ֮ͫУԵĹʡ
һУı˳׼䣬ƺȻ˴ѵ˷ܼһ
׾Ȼ˼ΣŬȶԼ
£ǰһ޴ĺɫԨҲԨ
һεĿ飬ԨĿʼ
֮ǰһУֻǼ鿼ʸѣ⣬ܸӦߵԨԱߣһнʮͨ˵һصĿ顣
Ҳ˵ЩˣٶŲƵʵ
ײ⡣
£ΪɽĲַɣʹг˷ܵĳ嶯ĺ˼֮һѹ˼ֳ嶯
ʱһжలµģʱȴ̫ԴǵŮӣȻ׵ߣ
磬ǲǺˣҪúõϢһ°ɣҺͽǧ߸ǻúõػġ
һ˫һ˫ۣ˿Ŀס
ԴӵĿɰģвһ
һˮɫսףΣƽʱǲϲ˵ʮֵĬĬĹ׺ˡ
оϣȴ˼ԼȻһֱǣʵ̫˵ȥˡ
ֻ뵽Ԩˣ־ãԼҲǴ
гһգʵԨۿ⣬ʱһˡ
ţĿȴϣþòƿ
ͷҧ촽ĬĬĲ˵ֻϣѾ˺Ρ
Ͻ磬ʮֵҲˣڳЩ֮󣬲Żǿҵķɡ
Щ飬Ҳ㲻ʲô£ҲˣֻǱȽǿ˶ѣҲ˵һϰԡ
ȻҪԷ˯ǲЩǲڵģԷ˯Щ飬ܶ˶ɡ
ִĿһǲҪģǺܶ˶ϲΪһ֣һܡ
ȻҲɱʳԺͲԶҪǳԣȴĳЩ˵ܡ
ع׿̬̲סС֣С
ǲ֪룬һѾǺϼ
ɡ
šϸϸͬӰӦţȻ׵ԡ
㣬ԼЩٵĺٻӰ׵Уޱȵá
΢΢ЩĶ׿Լֻ֪Ϊɽ֮ķɣԼĵĶġ
ңȻɷ϶öЩøУöԼѾЩģΪó֣׶ƲԼˡ
ӦǿҲвõʱ򣬱˵ܸܵеļҸ¹ײĸоȴ˶ôߡ
һ˺⣬ΪµĻԣʵ̫ա
Ŀ׵ļ򣬽ͷ׵ֱۣ룬ֱס
ָоȻ⣬ǲɵģһֱѵĸоͺܶԲһֱĬĬĹػšԼһ
ĪģжһθУָо˲ֱų˳ȥ
ĿŽǰԨ׺û˵
Զľǧ˶ĬĬվţʱ̱ž衣
ȻҲΪ׵оˣͬʱҲף
ڷ˿˿ȴЩŹֵĸоףܾ׺ǹŹ֣Լʵ仯ʵ̫ԣǰ󣬸ͲһƵġ
漴˿ҲȻˣѹйںݣͻַɡ
뵽Ϊ˱Լѹָ֮ı仯˿ȫ϶һ㡣
ԨԱߣȷʵѾûΣˡ
ṩһϢĵطһûκεΣգػһʱľǧ߼˿ԼҲϢ˱ҲĵϢ
һ죬׶ûж˿ҲǲҴߴ٣ʵϽԨԼˡ
Ԩ漸ʮ˭˶֪Է˿ҲĸӦһ£ȻԨԵʮˣûһʱȥ
ֵ죬˿ˣԨɢϢ𽥵ƽʱȴվ
⼸죬һֱף׳˱һǣǣ֮⣬ûжĶ˷ܼͬʱЩʧ䡣
һȽŮӣҲ׷УҲС
ףѾˡ
վļ򣬵Σգ㶼ҪСģ˵ʵעⱣԼУҪʱһѸٴǽ뱣󣬵ʱҵԪΧǧ𷴿
˵ᣬĵ˵ͷʾԼ֪
תҪߵʱȻסףż⣬׶ͷһ£Ȼܾͬһ㣬ܵߡ
Цһȴ˸졣
ʱľǧߺͷ˿ҲѾ׼ˣ׼ʱԨ
ʱ֮ǰĻظһΣеĻȻǺĵѷ˿˿׵ľܻЩɣʱԿԲһµġ
˿֯Ⱦĺ⣬ô˵ŮӡǺ˲٣ĵ˵ͷ
Ԩ̤˹Źǰʱ򣬶Ҫġ
ײҵȻɽȻֱ֮ӿʯ
ıͣͬʱ׽ĸӦӦǿ״̬ȻԨϿյƲ㷭ֱضʱ̣׳죡
˵һȥ
ʱû˳ɣ˶Ȼ䡰ݡһֱȥ
Ʋ㷭˸մİƺ귭룬ѪɫƲ֮д
ʱƲ֮УȻ֮ĲҺ

쳹ƼĲҺʹ÷˿˵ģ͵һ
գʱ䣬׼˿о̾ߺķһ㶼û⡣
ǿٶȣҲʹ¡
֪Ʋ㴩Ʊضأȴʱ򵥵ĵطʱôȫͬĽ
νΣյĵطҲȫģźŵĽ棬ʱ̫죡
ƺƵһԼһӳٵʱ䣡
˿һ£ŷ֣ҪƲ䣬ѶǶôĴ
ԭȥԼһ⣬ʮһԨԱߣǴ˿̣ղŵҺ˵ߵľӢǣȥ
Ĭһ£˿ףѾäĿˣԨ׵κԥִС
ԨϷĸ߶Ȳֻ̫нǧףǿȵڡǰڵļ˶ԣ㲻ʲô
أ
˵˫Ⱥ͵ľҵĳʹ˶ɺݺݵ˫ȡ
ʱȴѾ¶ȻڿշתĶ˫ûгܶٳ
ˣ˫ȵʱȴѾܿǰ˿
׵̳Ժ֮С
ʱ˫飬Ͼʵ̫Ȼܣȴӳ٣Ҳ淶
ʱǵʲôطȻ
͡
ռƺ˲ĸо涼Ϊ֮𶯣ֱ𹥻ˡ
׼򵥵˿ľǧ˻ٶ塣


366 лѲˣͦأ
ǿĵһҪ˺ǷǳǿġֻҪû˼ҪĻ˺
ľǧΪǱ˼ΣȻЩˣǺѵļʱ˲̫ء
˶ȫ˿ʱҲûټǰʱͣ
˿˿̶мӣȻҲȥѯʲôһУеġ
ʱӦòʲôΣˣǾĻָһ°ɡ׵˵ȻһػһߣŬĻָһĵ
ʮأҲ޷ڴӸ߿׹֮˲ܹ
Ҳ֪ûԼѣľǧˣҲǿܿģҪؼ֡
Žг̵ʱ򣬲ԶԭĲҺ֮
ĺ磬ԼĳʪϢҺ֮˲
ĬĬţߵǼ˲õв֮ˣȴҲնĻ֮Уϵȥ
ʵĳʪĻҵĳ׵ģһּǿҵʵĸо
ûУûиĸ飬Ϊ֪ǿңͬ˺һһ㣬˸дǿң
ּǿҵĸ֪׸оʵԡ
׵ԪӦͬһɢ˳ȥͰĹľԣɫĸõľ쵽˽ǧ֮⡣
ڵǿߣѾĵطĵһᴩԪѾǿĵ˲Ľɱ飬ʬϵΪϺĻѾʧӲͬһ
ԭӦ˫ۣ˿ͬ۾һ㰵졢ŵĲҰɫĹâۿ͹ţ֮Уɼ˵ľ벻ʣжľ
ǵģ
׵ûκεĸоվ棬һеķûκιϵһ
ˣһŮȫһƷɫʧȥ֧ţѾû鶯ѵĺۼɼ
ԨľţԶŲ۵İ׹ǡ
Ϻĵطʬܾöḯãʬ壬ܳòֻǣǰ޹İɫʬǿʹڣҺ磬ˡ
ԪӦԼΪģԷԲǧ׷ΧΪ뾶ɨһԲηΧ׶ûвԨΣա
ڲ֮̽УҲ֪ˣǼǿԨͱڣǰͨԨĵĵط
̧ͷ˿죬һƬ֮ɫûǳҲû⡣
ɫĹߣҲ֪ںδ
֪޾ûиˣҲûи̾
֪нʮӦǰȫģ˿˳񻯷ɽ״̬
ɽȻã»ӣײò
ָ˱״̬֮Ϊеĳ⣬ܵ˼𺳡
ʵĻʵԼһ˵Ľвʱһ亹ɭɭ
ԭЩʵĸоһβ״
ǴŲ˫ۣǿ־񣬻Ƿܶġһһжôʵ
״û뵽ⲻδ·һһ˳ġ
ʱȻһۣûʱ£ΣĴڡ
ǰҲԶʱ̹עԼ
кȻ˺ܶ࣬ΪķʶˣĿⷴӵļᶨˡ
ǵģѪʵУģ
յĻǿҵĳһʵһֳڰȴ׶ˣԼȻ棬ȻŬ
ľһѣ׾ãԼЩһˡ
˼ԣ˼ֵĮ
֪ʱԨС꣬С꣬ƺûκɱϺĻ£ȴûнɶ꣬ɼҲǲһġ
ͬһ㣬ϣһǳǳѪۣľǧ߼˴󺧣׷׶װֿɱˮϮ
屾ǼƷķ̶ȣѾ˺ģͬͨͨˮһ㣬û˿⡣
ˮģûûˣҰĿɼȷٵ½ţǰǧ֮⣬Ѿ޷壬ӦҲܵ˼͡
ⲢҪ
ǧߣ˿⣬ǿߡº͵˵
µһůԭľ⣬ȴů֮𽥵ǲ𾴣С֮ĸо
˶ײôˣи˵ͬʱֵʲôʱֻñ䡭
һ·ϣˮһֱôţһ㣬ҲСһ㡣
ԭͰİɫĹľԡԵȣ˺Ȼˮ֮£ȻüӲޱȣʹ׼΢ͦȻɵĲ̤ھϣֱּ䴩ˡ
ϸ˵Ԩ棬Ǵ֣Ϊ˵ͰĹľԡ֮⣬ľ
ɫľȻߴȴޣէһƺкܶľϸһȴˮƮХһĺɫͶӰγɵĻѡ
һ˵ѹǰȴͬԻ֮һ㣬Ʈŵİɫ
ɫʱڣǰȻһϿȵĵطֻϿȲûи߶ȡ
ʵϣӽԨ֮󣬾ͽϿȵĵط
Ԩ֮У׵ƣǰŰɫĻ֮УӦĻĴڵġ
ɫ֮УĻȻҲػĻޣ
ǿޣٶޣޣս֮ǿʵѲߣԵֿ
ԣֿ飬ҪŽԼı߻ѲߣǷѲߣӦעȫλ˲ŵģ
뵽ѲߵǿҲѲ߲Żᱻ籾𾴾η
ǰͷȴǷ˿ػʵΪãм䡣
׵ʵܲľǧߣʱľǧҲǰ쳣
磬ǣЩνķôҲˡľǧ߾ϲ
ͬ飬Ϊ˵ĵط
ò˵һȺˣʮˣպ÷ĸŻÿŻ಻ʮˡ
Щ˸Ӧ˵ĵǲ׿һۣĿż־衣
ߣ˶ʮֵѺˣϾӲпɱ¾֮߳ܶ໹ʮֺġ
ҲĴŶʵѾ׼ʮöĻˣϾֻôֻ࣬ķܻ档
Щˣǿߣӵڵľ磬ʵͨһεĿˡ
ֻǣΪΣնȱȽϸߣܻܲŻȥȴһˡ
ĸŶӵ˼ֻһۣۼʵǶ֮ʵΪ㲻ٶ࿴һۣѺõûС
ң˵Ŀ⣬ǿһ
ĸŶӣÿŶӲ಻٣պʮˣŶӣڵӣһŶӣȴһڵŮӣһŶӣֻһǰڵӡ
ǾĸŶ棬󲿷˵ʵ硣
Ȼڣ֮ǰ·ϣͨ飬ˡ
ǣͨ飬ڵǿһµĽĿ⿴˷˿
˿ԭӣѹĸͨһʵ̫ˣ㲻ȫ군ҪҵĶɣܱ֤԰ȫͨһӵ˵棬߷˿
ض࣬ǸҲ뿪ҵĶģ˰ɣģǶ飬Ҳǵģ˿ߣΪЩ˾ȻƲ𾴵ˣ˵Ƕôô
ǿ׵Ĳû˿ŭı飬Ȼ䣬˿ã׺ЩˣͲһεģΪ׸ЩΪ˲ڡ
ָоʹ÷˿ûж˵ʲô
ף⼸Ҳֱӵ
ʵϣ׶ԣ˸ӵĿѾˣҲϰ߹ִᣬڽһ
ӣӣΣ
˵뷨ܹǱ˵뷨ѵ뿪˱˵ϿɣԼͻô
еЦЦʲô˵
ֻҪԼõ˳ĻΪļѲߣֻǳΪѲߣЩ˲Լ֮ǰĻǶôĿЦһԼڵ䶯Ժ
׺һУ˱˵ĿνģЩʲôˣԣ㲻ʲô
رڵӣһ֪ȣʵǿ֮һǰڵǿߣҲֻ൱
ôһǿˣˣӦǿҩǿʯǿͻƵΪ
ˣֻǺܿɱ
ѲȻҪͨ飬ʵԽǿѶȻԽСϾﵽڣѾҪܿܳΪѲˡ
飬߸ʽϾѾǿʵˡ
ǺȻһҪܿģ״˿̲ſף
һΣǾżѲҲͿʲôˡ
ȻҲʵܲģ˵Ǹһֱû˵Ů
ڣǸŮģľԾޣѾú֮ܶˡ
ʮһˣȻȫǰڵĸ֣ȻУаŮеľӢʣŮľˮݣ˫
ֻŮӣڵŮӱȴǲ˺ôһأ
ֻǵȻɨһۣ΢΢٣ȴҪΪ֮ǰɽӰѣһ£׶ȻĶ
Ůӣһ־޵ĸоǵһۼ˵ʱָоһ㣬ֻǳࡣ
ܿ϶˵֮⣬Ůӣ׼ΪƯŮˡ
ڵĶѡܿңȾŮӣҪ⼸μ֡
ΪŮû˿Ӫ΢˼֡
ȺмĿտĵط׵Ķľǧ˵߰ɣϿ죡
˶ͬʱͷûκԥ
ʱĴŻ֮׵ĻٿڲѵİԲм֮ɫ
޳Ⱥʱȥ
˶ŲмЦ⣬ûж˵ʲôϾȥ·ҲãҲûֹǲǣ
Ψһû¶ĿģڵİŮӡ
Ůʮ˵ãһʵǴﵽ۷徳磬ǲҪģΪǾżѲߵŮ˲òǰεĳĻ
ʮһˣ٣ȴǡǡķѲһӵܡ
Щӵܣ֮ˣĵԼͷԶǲʵҲܲףǿķ
Ȼ㣬еҲǵģҪ÷˿ǽȥºˣ˿ҲǵģﲻȰһŮüͷԹ
ǿˣӣʵ˵ãȻΪĸķ˿ңѵûע⣬֮ǰЩ˱ӵĿʱ򣬷˿ɫ̬ȣɸǣͣһ֮ȴûнͣȻˣ˵ʲô
ǱȻ㡯İŮӵ˵
˵ʲô
˫룬ٵ˼֮ǰһĻȻ䣬˫һ
ǰ˿ĸŮˣԲῴһˣң˺ԥӵĻӣȻʵף
ѵӰʵԼˣ
Ȼɻ˼ĵȻ㣬ѵʵôӦǲܵѽҪȻлѲӦûǵĲŶԡûʵĻһڵСӣжǿأ
˵СֱӵĴݵԷУ˲
Ȼĸ£ҲȻ˹ϵС
ҲɻĵطȥʱҸоˣ˵ҲҵƽȽϲı֣ʹҸӵĺˣȻüͷ΢΢ŵЦЦ
Ȼ뵽ʲôȵȻ㣬ҪڵΪȫḶ́Ȼ۷壬ûпܱȷ˿ʵǿأ
⻰һȻ˫ҲƬ̡
뵽Լ׵Ľ̵ÿһεʵͻƣǾͻƣȫˮɵģʽԼڣаջܷ˿
룬Ȼ뷨ȻãȴʮֵĲʵʣ˲ɵ˿ȻǰڣʵȽǿһ̵ĲǴ۷״̬Ǽ̤ǰھʱӦҲ޷ģ˵Ӧòܣ
ŶӦǿķˡ
Ȼ۾΢΢һ漴뵽Ӧˡ
漴Ȼͬʱ֣Լ˾Ȼһزʶ˰죬ƺֵһ㣬ָо̫ˣ˶ʱҲͬʱЩ
ƺϬһ㣬һЦȻЦ
ȻĪЦݣһƬΪ֮㵹Ŀ⣬ֻ¶ЦƬָ̣˱ܵ侲Į̬
ȴǰͷ
ʱȻĺԼĵлѰΪףڱܵģлȻһֱܵΣС

Ҳ˵żѲлѰŮлȻж˼˼лѰԼҲмѵõĶ
һ·ϣȻǿˣΪĻ굺лѰʱռ䷨ƿ֮У˶ÿ˵ı֣лѰǿеġ
ͨÿˣǱȽģǾһˣлѰоˡ
Ҫ˵׵ֱѵĴ𰸣ΪΨһһΪȫ·
лѰȴˣ˾֪Լĵ׵ĿƻһȫѭĴ־Ȼһ˶ûܣ
Ҫ˵ǿ˰ɣǣһ񣬴ҡڵĴԼƵѹأҲ̫ܳˣ
ңҪ˵һͨɣлѰǺϲӵģһȴڵĿ¶ļһͨ͵һˣ
ϾûʵģǽѲ֮Уֻǳ˼񣬾ͻ⡭
лѰҲƣ뵽ҲѲ죬оͲˡ
ˣѶȣԼŮ˼СӳԵͷ


367 
ְɫ֮֮׸һ£ǰȻȫûпɼȣҰӦҲʧˡ
Ҳ˵ߣΣʱᷢ
׼ͬʱٴεĻΪɽ״̬ľǧ˽ĸţΪû¶پ룬Ի΢Ըܵġ
ɫʮֵŨҼ״˿תΪɽ֮״̬ɼҲףѾ㹻ǰˡ
ΪԭľǧֻýĸףѡʱҲǡô
ɫʮŨ˿ʮֵΣգǵ֮ǰͬģ֮䣬Ҳֻһ߾룬Σյʱ̣ԶԣҲΪȫʱ̡
˻𣬽²ʱᷢԵĲ߲ʱǿޡ
ףȴܱܿܵĻһʾķΧ׺ָʱѣһССķɽֱӽ޺ɱ
񳬼ƷǿȣɽڳƷɽ뽣İԽ֮£ֻҪڵޣȫһɱ
ڵޣףҲᱻԪȻ֮ɱ
ңɱḶ́൱ļ򵥿١
˿Ȼ׺ܽΪ䱾ʵﵽ磬˿ɼнʮףΪʮֵ𾪣׵ǿɱ
˵ǰĻ֮Σ˿νǾĶˡ
ȻɱٶȱȽϿ죬ޣʹ׵𽥵ӴһڵĺҲԽ
ȻʯܿգҲŹԪָܻȥĻʼղǰ취
ܿ죬оѹ֮ľǧߵˣҲ׷׵ļսš
һ·ɱ˻ͬѪ͸һ㣬Ѫʱ׵˾оƮĵ۹һ㡣
ͬԹһĴڣʮֵľԸоӴĲ
ЩȻӦĻˡ
ǰ·ÿһȻӦûٶһĻ
ԵӦĿ飬ûһ˿⣬׷Ϣעܡ
˿ǰĵ·׼һеϵȻѡ˿ΪͨһС·
·һѡ񣬶ʱĵ·Ȼȫʧ
任ǰһͬӳʯһ
Լһ׵ʯգ߶޷ģΪ£ʵ޾ɫĻ𺣣
֮У޾Ļҽ޾Ļţţ³һֲˡ
ʼϲģΣգȴ֮С
µȻǧʹ׵˵ߣ˳صѣ
ⲻ֪ʯգһֱ޾ǰҲ֪ʯ·жԶ
Ļ棬ȵϢ˺䤱
վǰ˿ȴվ󷽣˿̣˿ˣȴ׵
ͬ޾Ļ𺣣£ͬ޾Ļ𺣣Ͽգ鸡һͱһʯա
ȵأǴ״̬µףҴ⣬ĵһֲɭĸо
ȴȵɫĻâ̼˵񾭡
βҪ⣬Ҫȥˣûˣ𺣣
׳
⡭˿ȻףȻʮ𾪣Ϊ֮ǰ·˿ôȻͳ˻أ
󣬼Ʒ󷨣ԽżƷ󷨵ĳ󷨣ͬʵ׳͵
ɫȻˣʮֵ࣬ĵףȴǽѲߵĿٸʺ˼ǧˣֳ󷨿ǲԴ¿ˣ
Ȼޣȷʵûκΰ취ֻÿЦűŸף֪·ϣףһϣ
ص׺ͷ˿ȻܵˣľǧˣȴЩˡ
£൱ڳ˺Ȼһ
Щ˶ʱԭҲֻǿˡ
׷֣˿̵ִͨһҪˡ
ȻҲȫĲࡣ
µĻ棬ȻףȴǴˣԥǰȥ
˵ҲֻһˣҪ˵ȷһ㣬ҲֻСˣΪʯգһڻ̮ڣ
˿˳ãңǧߣ˳㣬ǶҪӣָ׺Ȼ˵Ȼĵâ
ʮżƷԪʱС
˺ԥ׷װ׵¡
׸ԼżƷԪȻľǧߣȻԽף
˵꣬͵ķ˿˷ž޴ֱӿԽ׷ΧȻǰ
˿ϾԾԼ˲٣иãҲǺ
Ծ֮׵ʯգȻһȻݣȻ˲̮ڣ
˾Ǿһ亹
ʱһſ£
˿ǰĹԣԺԥ͵ſ޴Ĺԣʹüǲеſ˵ϣȻǰ˽ס
ۡ
ʱǿҶĽֱӴǰſµϷľ޴ƿվʹ˶Щѹʹ
˻˻
˾ǵһҪûǰſ£⼸ֻѾ͸˵ţȻɱԪ
״˿̣ͬмǱſڵϣҲһһġ
⿼Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ȻûУҲ˷ŭǺô׻˼룬˶֪·ֻǸΣա
ͬģѡ·֮ҲѾ֪·ͨǳĻ
仰û˵Ϊһ֪·ͨĻֻ֮Ƿ˿ľǧˣ޷ǿľѹ
׵վȻ΢ԼڽǿӦȵĸܵ˽ĳʱ̣Ϊڵػ꽣ľ磬ڴذʹҲܴӴصĲһεĹʱ̣
״̬㵽ɲǣȻԾԵֱԺ֮
ܵģ˶˲Ӧܿѣ
Ȼֲѣÿζ֮գȴǰȫͦ˹
һٴλָ֮ٴεǰţ߹̣ﵽ˽ĸʱˣˣѾЩܲסˡ
ľǧˣйԪ֧ţѾܵǿ֮ˡ
ѪɫĻۣǿҵ¶ȣȵĵ棬޷ܵġ
˽һ˺һľ磬ģǿԸܵһǿߵĴڣˣΪ֪ǾżѲߵĴڣһֱҲû⡣
ʵϣΣջֻ˼ǱвĶҲȥ˼
һжΪ˻ȥ
ײ֪ƣܣлѰżѲѾ۷
Ϊֳ飬۷ǿߣҲһܹȥңһ㿼飬ѶӦòô󣬶Ӧֻаٷ֮һǿȣ
ңٷ֮һǿȣǿŮлȻģ
ǣû뵽ٷ֮ʮǿȣ׶ܲ˵ıܿлѰ׵ͬʱҲ̲סϾ
Ū£֪˲࣬лѰ֪ΪߵĵλʵǺܲ
ֻǣӦһСû취лѰĵطҲȥˡ
СӣҾͲ㻹ܰٷְٴѹأлѰٺٵЦЦЦݣлȻˣض֪ĳЩҪùˣ

µʱݣһֱ𺣣ʱֺȻȻĪĻһɽɱΡ
ֲĻֲı仯˾ַ紵ݶľԱĸо
ʱ򣬺Ȼ䣬ռ΢΢һϺȻһƬ޴ʯգͷȫڸ
޴ʯٳףף
ѹʯʯ֮ľ룬ǡѹֻһ׵ĸ߶ȣ
޴ʹֻǰƫƫʱ׵ǰγţĽ


368 Ļ
ָоǱ˵·һȻΣճ˸޴ܣ
Ϸľʯͬһ壬ֱӵѹ˸޷ֱ壬ʱ򣬲еŽֳǿȣֱǿֲģ
ľǧѾʧȥжϾǿв£Ȼܺܿ侲ȴ޷ӦĶԲߡ
Ϊ˽һ״̬Եú侲ҲͲôˡ
ϾⳬĻҪôõõĻǾżѲߺαؿȥ˲ҪȡⶫΪҪǣײΪ⿴Ʊ֮·ûлء
Ȼ޿ɱܣȻǽٶȸ죬ǡ
˫֮һƬ⣬ϵͳڣϾͨ˲һ
׼˲סľǧߵ֣ľǧ߶ʱ⣬漴ס˷˿֣Ȼ󼸺ͬʱ˿ԥԱߵʯա
վʯյԱߣһʯͷĳһڽͬʱװڶŷ˿ˣֱӽڵǰʯյĵط
ݵľǡ׼ܿһŽĳȽʱ׶Ȼɿ˶סѹ֣˶Ȼ漴·ȥ
һ˲䣬׵ָպøʯϵʱ򣬶պٴεǰҵľ룬Ҳպñܿ˵ڶĽ
ͺñӼһ㣬˺һʱȻǧһǰ
Ȼľ޴󣬵ȷʵȫģȻǰҪƵʮֵľȷҶ֮ˣκһûгִֻͨ
ҲǶ֮以εĳ̶ȡ
ԭľ·ӲҪķ׵Ķȹˣ㣬лѰǿߣҲĿ֮̾
˵֮ǰľǧ߷˿˲ĻĿʱĸ˵侲;׼лѰġ
٣ͨһεϣлѰãľǧ߼ˣѾȫʸˡ
ңһͨˣҲֻͨҪĻʱ򣬻ҪģǸʱ򣬶ȡĻḶֻ́ÿԼȥȡܼˡ
ȻŶԱų޵ĸţǿеġ

νǾĶǡմ̼֮Ҳûϵ̣ȴѾȫλıлѰԼ侧ʯ¼
㵴ǧһʱ֮˵ɫмֲҰرһֱž޴ѹ˿ˡ
һ͸ʱ򣬾޴ҡ֮Ȼڣû֣һҡڣʹ˶ٵٴ
վ޴ʯȻûȥȴ׾룬ʹ˶ֱˡ
׼˾˿Ҳʱҧ˿еżƷԪ֮еĵڶţƬָ֮˲٣ȻǹԪҩЧ˾Ȼڿ̳ԵģûбֳʲôǱ˼أҲʲô쳣
˿˾ǴĵطҲνƲ¶׵ĵϾĻ굺ʲôΣջ˵
վ޴ʯȻ˼֣ǲΣѾȥ
ٴվߵʱ׺ȻٿԾȻڿзȦ£ʱʯ£Ҳ˵ͷȻѪɫ׵ţ
׵ţѪɫͬСѪɫһĶȴЯž޴׵֮һҲ²У
һΣܵȣȫıˡ
˲ܣһֱʮصһȻ˸ܵ׵ŵϮʱѾ׷ܿ
еĺȻſ³ǰȥеĺȻԾеֱŤתӣܶ
֮ȻûʲộܵҲľĶǵġ
ǰз紵ݶ׵˾ΪٵķӦ
ǰһɫĶľţխֻһͨŵĳȲԼΪһңΪŵĵطʮݣֻд׿
ľԲεģڷٵתţȻɫģȴ⻬ʮֵĴֲڡ
ֲڣȽϺãΪߵȣԲΣڷٵתĻĦһ󣬼ֱҪġ
һƬڵʮŨܣ֮ǰŨ־һ
׵˶֪ԼȵĻϢ˵Ȼǻ𺣣ȥͲˣ
վͷ£ܲʱ˸Ȼ˫ȥǲʵģſŵתתȥҲǲʵġ
Ϊŵƽ֮£Σգֻߣ
ԣһΣҪģٶȣ
ԵٶȣԾԵٶȳȥҲһ׶ѣ
һԣѾѧ˲˲һ㲻ʲôģЩѹˣֻܿűٶȡ
һΣȨʮӣȴΪסΪȫķΪѵѡ
ǾǣУ
ɽ֮󣬼ѹƣǼȻѾȻ̫Ӱ졣
Ͼѹ˶ǽ
ԣָһʱɳĸıɽ
ɫģ˸ŵĹεĳƷɽʹΪ𺳡
û˻뵽˿̵ĸָѾˡ
ɽκһؽ壬ܻѾ׵ˣˣȴ֪
״˿̣ȻǱΣʵȴһɽ
һӣֱӻɽԼĸָķɽɽϣ˿ŬĿ˷վš
ݡ
ƿ֮£Ѿϵǰѹأ֮󣬵ȻȻ䴩͸׾룬һ̣Ѿ˶档
ӿ£ײˣǴ˽һ״̬ȴûκα֣Ҳûκα仯һֱô侲
˶˿մ׼ָһ£ʱϣȴǺȻ䱬ը˿ȻʧΡ
ʱΪоʲôΣգѾǿ״̬˻Ҳô䵭
еķɣʱ򷴶ôء
ȵȻ䱬ըʱ򣬱ףҲɵһ
Լ˹ˣȻǰķһըǻ군ġ
ĻѾ˺ܶࡣ
֮󣬽µǺʵģȫĿޱߵĺأʪϢ˾ʵ
ԶһССɽ׵˵ǰɽ棬ǿҵ
ȻһǳĻˡ
һ·ȻΣؾմ̼׵ҲߵľǸоԼһѾ˳Ļʱ˾˷
ȡóĻζʲô
رǷ˿ľǧˣ뵽֮ǰǲľҲ亹ɭɭ䤱
Σգ˹ʵ
˶ɵĿףǿǿģΪûܵļ뾪˵ķӦ·Ǹߵ
֮ΣѾ滯ΪֻҪɵػޣϵõĻûκˡ
һЦػĻޣӦڵǿޣǶǰʵܲķ˿˵һսģң˿ľǧ˵ʵҲǺ
˱ӦеĽֱӵڵɽǰһǿʹ˵ľ񣬶Ϊ֮һͣ
ʱȫһ˵ƣ֮壬˲ָ̫࣡
˾һ𾪣ףĿ¶ȵĹâ
ĺöƽٿųƷĹԪˣڣҩЧԶԶĳ⼫ƷԪҩЧ
ֻʦеĿȵı飬ȴһ˿лѰǿߵļ侧ʯ֮С
лѰ׵Ŀ⣬뵽·;ϣ˺Ȼӵٻָ飬Ŀⲻһ
ʦǸְҵлѰĿдżζЦݣ˵


369 Ļɽ֮Ѫ1
˽һ״̬׶Ȼ˱ֻ֣Ǳȸ˼άɣ˴˿Ŀ֮еȵĹâЩԡ
ǣһҲֻǵǼĻ֮ļ뵽
Ͼ¾Ƿ˿ľǧߺãҲôΪģ
ǣлѰ˭Ѳߵľͷ֮һʵǿ˿Ԩĵۣ
Ŀ⣬УѾıˣ
лѰܾȣǸǾϲͬʱΪͨѶȼĿ飬ֱΪ弶ѲߣҲûκ˷Եģ
һлҪչǸޣҪɱģ
ֻǿͨ
ԭлѰǲ׶һģΪʦŻֵȵĿ⣬һ¡
磬ΪȱģʦʦԼʦ֮УʦΪҪҲΪϡ٣ҲΪ𾴣
һʦļֵڷһԣҪԣԲһλۺڵǿߣ
ҲΪлѰ׸Ŀ飬ʱȴĬˡ
ǲ뿼ףһʲô⣬ԼڵĳӶ
뵽֮ǰ׵ı֣лѰҲȻһЦ
СǿıҪĻаһѣҲǲܣܱסСʵĻʮ˵ãֻǲʲôΣˣ
лѰģ뵽֮ǰ׵ı֣ףлѰ˼֡
Сӣʮᰡʵ˵ã֪ûеأлѰʱ뵽ŮǸ侲ʵȴмְлȻ
ڵʵ֮ںܶǿߣضãҴ὾У
ΪˣĿ֮Уеӡ󶼺һ㣬ⲢƲۣʵҲȷʵˣ
лѰţЦЦĵҲգһ׽Ѳô֮䣬϶нġ
뵽Ůһ·ϵıֵӰʱȻı飬лѰʮֵ⣬ĵܻ߰Ůжˡ
лѰ˼תĺܿ죬ɲǼ뵽˺ܶ࣬Щ׶ǲ֪ġ
ȻĪĴ˸磬Ҳ׵˷ܺͼ
̵ģƨһĻôǰĵҩ޶ãԷɣҲ̫˰ɣ
ָԵ˼룬зĵϲ
棬޵ļûԣɱǳޣֻ֮ķʱΣԼһءͨˡɣ
ĸоʼԽܣܣȻٵӦϲڼ䣬Ҳһϵϴ
ڻʱ׸ǣʱҲʵ
֪ԭͨ˶ʵЩΪԼԼλ棬ԲŻ̫ƫ
ǡýַɷȴ𽥵ĸ׵Ϊ˴ķ
˸֮ҲЩ֣ĵᱻƲɣ
ʱû𽥵
ʱľǧҲѾȫ׼ˡ
ǰɽ洫˾޴֮ȻΪޣﵽҲǿ̵ģ׵˵Ϣ֮䣬Ѿ޷֡
𡫡
һֻ޴ĺڰ׽ӵľܶȻ˳ٶȿĲ˼顣
޴壬ͷֵľΣͱٶȫɷȣ
ٶȣ׵˱һ˷Ӧ˲ķӦ˹Ȼ˿
ܴһ˫Ʒ裬ȫɲǱ仯ս״̬Ȼ˫ѪһģȻҪ
û뿪ɫɽķΧһ˿һ룬ܱ㲻׷
Ȼ˵ɽ֮ƣ
һ㣬˵۾Ҳͬʱһ
ǵģȻǾٺòˣ
ʲôʱ˷ܺͷӿȫóǿľУ͵ĳɽȻǾ޾͵ĺը
ĻȻػ˲ô׾ͱ𻵣оػţȻҲᱻ˹ƻ
ԣ֮ܵ࣬һ߻ǳĻһת͵ĺը
ȻڣΪޣԶڷȽϲֻܿǿǿϵĹˡ
ˣѾƺãһ͵ĺˣ
֮⡮ĻߡܸоΣյĵط˿ʲô
ҼȻǿҪ̫̬ĻǸżǿѲߣȻӲ
ȻõǾżѲӦ֪ϷһУײдƲ⡣
Ȼˣһ֮Ȼ˻ȥ
֮У˶мƷף˼ǾҲһ͵ɱˣ֮ʵŮӣҲǾǿһдˣȥ
ΪƷսױϾڵǿҲһƿļƷ
мƷԪڣײʲô
ֻҪǾȥ׷һˣ˻ǰЭˣȥ͵ȡĻ
ػ󷨣ڣҪƿѶȲ
ˣλսȻǳƣǾҲܲ޶ԣ
һΡΣܱ͵ѹѹںǺôҲڵޣںһǰڵƴѹҲŭˣ
𣡡
Ҫˣ˫Ѫ죬ĵĺɫâļ
һΣٴǿгֱֵ֣ӽҵĵɽȻ󵹷˳ȥݺײڶϣһѵľʯ
ĿŭˣǸǿ͵ĳ˹ȥ
˿һʱٵĵ˳ȥϽܣ
⣬ǳĵɽ֮ƣ
ϾҪɱȡĻ֪˽Ļˣǵòʧˡ
õĻٷɱޣõķ
ޱ˿˵ʱ׶Ȼ䶯ˡ
ͬһ㣬ݡһѾɫɽ֮ڣʱѾ׼ġħֱ֣ػ󷨵Ľƣ׵ǳĻߡ
ֻɨһۣŷ֣ⳬĻȻպóıȽϺˡ
ʱײ뵽ǾżѲߴֻһûȡⳬĻԳֵİɣϾôõĶ
¶ǿϢµٶȲֻ˫͵Ļɽϻɱ˽ǧΣȻⳬĻͬĸ֦ɣһ˿ٵı׸ȡ˹
һⳬĻֱӵĽʱ˿ⶫһͨƷռָ
Ļȡ֮ײҵ͵ĳ˳
ʱǡǡŭľޣһĿ޺þ޴ĸͷݺݵ˿к
ء
һ£ֻҵԭʵʮ˵õķ˿дѪͬߵķһ㵹뿪ȥ
ľǧ˸ճǾ޴ĸͷ͵һӣһԲεľ޴սֱӽľǧɨ˳ȥ
ޣǿ
͵һʱ֪ԼЩдˣ
ڵޣϾڣ
˿ʵˣȴǱڵ޴˲Ҳ̶ã˼˵״̬ɼޣʵʮ˵ã
͵һжȻһɽȻ伤˳ȥ
ݡ
Ǿܵٶȸ죬ɽ͵ĳԭѾ˿ߵޣ׼һͷ˿ʱ򣬸ӦǿɱҲòתֿˡ
ܵģоɽ޷ܵģֻֿܵ
أ
޴ĸͷŲǧݺݵָķɽϣ
أ
׻˫ǲ˼֮ɫǿޱȵļƷɽԼָķɽȻһͷˣ
һѪкһʱ˽һ״̬


370 Ļɽ֮Ѫ2
ײһϲдˣһ֮ˣΪûг˽һ״̬ʱ廹еķɡ
ŸԶĳǻ᲻ôǵģײʹ޵ԷȫʵͬʱΪԼٿʹľǧ˼Ĵۣ
ȻӸ˵һʧѣף鷢رԼƵķΧ֮ڣ
˫ѪɫĹâǾ޴ķŭ֮侲ı֣ʱ׽˽һɽ״̬֮˲侲
ٴ侲֮ףž޵ʱĿǳɱ⣡
״غһһ״̬ҲܵǾǿޱȵԼʤĿܵʱ侲ķ֣ԼΣûжٵʤ㡣
ָʣԳٷ֮ʮ
ޣǿ
ȻѾó˽ȴȻûԥĳȥΪֵĻ˿Ǳɡ
˲ʱ䣬˿ˣѸٵһżƷĹԪȻŬץʱָ
ԪȻޱֻǻָʱݶѣȴȫҪʱ䣬˿νǼ֮
Ҫǣԭܶݵʱ䣬޶˶ԣȴѾȫ㹻ģ
ӣ֮䣬㹻չһ쳣Ķǵս
𡫡
Ϊûɱ˿ʮֵĿ񱩣ҺȻģѾоǳĻˣ˾ٱҲѾ֪Ļûˡ
ػⳬĻһ꣬ɱǰ࣬ޱٹⳬĻȫ֮ԼԵʵһ۾硪Ϊٹ죬޾ͻڵľˣ
ô룬ܲͻ۾磬ȴһ£ȴǵⳬĻϣ
ϣ飬޿ˡˣ
һ˫ͬСѪɫ˫͵Ѫɱ¾Ĺâֻ͵ĶԼؿңȻ쳤Х
𡫡
˷״̬֮£һεĽˣһȫϢŶѪĿӡ
ԼʮģһɫսףȫƤܻеľ޸ǴżӴѹɱ⣡
㡪
׳͵ĳһ
Ȼ׳͵ĻӶеľ޸ѹ͵ĳ˹
ģʽȫһĹģʽһ񶯲һ㣬ֹ·ߣƮģϵԾ˸ԾĲһʮֵĹ죡
·ߣЧȴӵĿֲ뾪ˡ
˿̴ɱǿȴȻо֮ͬгڴ󺣾֮ϵСۣһ˲䣬͵ĺˡ
ֻǣٶȺܿ죬׳ٶȸ죬ʱֱӵǰȻ޸һͷ
޷ԪԼ˺ѿռһױ޿ɱܡ
ߣ
һûǣƵף˫Ŀͬ꺮˫֮е֮ɫҲӵ
ʱΨǿĹܿһУ˵ΨΪǿĽʽܱסԼ
ûԥ˲ҵõĽȻַˣȴΣնСһַ
ǧӦų֮׶Ȼһ΢ӵ˸һ壬Ȼ󼸺ͬʱ˲ĳˡ
ǰȻһƬУУʹ׶Ȼ˼ǿ
ӳǿĴسءǿİ壬Եػ꽣֮еĵػŭǿ׶Ȼ̺ǿĴذ壬ˡ
׵ĳʱ䲻࣬ǣһ̣Ѿ㹻ˡ
׳еĸͷ׻ķɽЯŵĴذĵػŭ͵ĺһ
ϣȫ׻һѪ޷̵͵˳ͬʱˣҲͬĵ˳ȥ
ʱǾ׳Ҳǳһ͵Ĵ
״Ľֱ꣬ԪʹԭеĹ·Ĵˣ
ˣϣǿݺݵԪʹ˲䣬Ԫ类͵һһ㣬ʹҪڵϷˡ
ϣǿĹɣʹþ͵Ѫ֮УҲΪǿ̫󣬶ʺɫѪ˿
ֻѣž޸֣ڲţȻܵ˼ǿķ
ŷѹ״̬еԸӣһֱսǲ׾öԷģȻǿ޸͵ĽԷһͷûʧһΣʧˣһԷ͵ĳ˲ˡ
׳ʮַŭȴ˲侲ž޸֣Ҳ𽥵Ļָ˲
˫ۺݺɨһۣ׵״̬׳ɫһ㶣漴͵ٴγȥ
ɱ¾֮ɫһţ׳ײҰ׵ɫһۿ׵ʵж٣
һڵǿߣڵޣڼĲ࣬жôĴ
ڵǿǿҲܿԽӴĺ蹵
Ǿ״̬е˼Ҳܵжϣ
ǣ벻磬һּİԽֹǴڽ׶Σʹһĸƾսʤ۷ĸ֣
⾳磬ǵһضѣġ顢ꡢǡؽֿ֮Խľ磬ᱻ޵
ϣκ鶼ûоԣֻҪ㹻ǿ󣬱޵ĿԽλɱ֣ھ磬ֻʵΪֶѣ
ޡϣôĶȴܻǿ
ûҲֻǽƾ󷨣ǿԱѣˣΪڵսʤǰڵκߡ
˽ɷɽ˵ػ꽣ĵػŭôһоͲһˡ

׵˳ȥ˴ڵѪ˲˼أ
׼ףں׳ֵһɲǣҧһżƷĹԪ
˴˿̵˳ȥĹ֮У׵״̬𽥵Ļָ˼֡
ֻǲҰ׵ɫȻˡ
ٴηɳľ׳ٴξǿĸͷʱҲòɫ䣡
ޱ仯״̬ģʵ֮ǿֱǷ˼ģ
˿˵ʵѾˣٷ˿ǰڱȽǿˡ
ܵĸͷֻһͷͲ㱻ɱֲ࣬Զ׼ˣ
һֱûͻƣֻǵȴȻͻƣʱ򣬰մ˿̵ʵ׳ѾǱˡ
ͻƽ磬Ǵ˿̣кȻ˼ĸоָоЩ죬Щ
ܻΪķɽԪ䵱ŷɽԪ񣬶ʱԼǷɽûκεƣ
ȻˣɽӵǿĶʱôʲôϣӦǲʲôǣ
뷨Ǻܸӵģʱ䣬ȴǳĶݡ
޳ףʱף״̬ûе¶һЦݣȻЦݣԵмֲ԰ס
׳еľ޸һĹ켣ȻȻĺҵ׵ϣ
ۿһͷϾҪȥһ̣׵壬·ƾʧһ
ֻǣһĨ۵Ѫ͵ķ˿˵׳һͷù
ʱףȻھ׳ʮǰʮ֮⣬ʱףѾˣȫһɽ
һȼѪġǿġƷʵķɽ
״˿̵ľ磬ϸ˵ûͻƣϾ磬Ҫͻƣĺѡ
˿ֻ̣ǴڵıȽԲľ磬Ĵﵽ۷徳ѣ
ңֻǴﵽĥϵḶ́Ҫܾã
۷ľ磬Ϊ˿̣׿Ժԥʹǿޱȵĵػ꽣㹦ػ
ɽѪɫĹâǻѪɫĹâƺһħڴЦݣ
׳ģȻһ£
ǣŭڿСʱ޾ɱ¾֮⡣
𡫡׳ţ͵ĳȥ


371 ԩ֮
Ĺһ֮׵ʵǱ˲٣˴ڵȫ۷״̬Կ޻׳Ѿһս֮ˡ
ʱף״̬ʮֵĺãΪԭҲӵǿ侲˼ά˼άǷľ޵С
һ侲ޣעʤһͬʵȴ侲թ˵ġ
һĨɱ⣬ֱӷ˳ȥһδŵģǿޱȵĻԵ
ؽ磬ǵػնǵػŭ඼ԪϵĹ棬û̶̫ȵȻҲֻԶԡ
ػȴΪǿĹţżǿĻԵ͡ҡԵ
ǵػ
嶸Ȼ伤˳ȥ˲ȫĵĸоǿҵĳ׵񾭣
ûУ׶̲סĲĪ˷ܺĪĳ鴤ĸоʮϡʮ˷һ˲ӱܣ
ָо֪ǵػеĶ񾭵ĳĸоǽԲϵĸо
٣ڵؽ磬ﵽ˵ػʱ򣬵ؽ磬Ľ˸Σ
׺Ǽȱеʱֵú侲ģĪڻš
ǣⲻ׵Ĺͻ˶ܵӰ죬ǲܵģ
ȫ˵֮ǰֻܶʮɵĻô񣬿ŵػڼݵʱ֮ڣȻ䱬ȻľȣҲһʵķԾ
ЩȻǵػġ
ȻЩŨĳʪϢиоһ⡣
ɭûз磬ûзʱ棬ľǧߵˣĶЩ쬵ġ
ÿ˵񾭶úܽң֪Ӷá
ÿ˶ŬĻָʵĿ⡢˵ӦٵĶһ׵ϡ
һױɳȥôǱҪһʱȥҲˣ
ʱ仺ţ׻ķɽڼȥʱ򣬿ռ͵ĳһ£Ȼ󣬿ռݣƺһ¡
һ̣ױ˾޵󣬶ޣ޴ѪɫС˫֮Уǲ˼顢ǿ־壬𾪣
Ȼٲ˵ģоš
鶯ĳ޵Ĺâھ޴֮ͫɢȥ
ʱ׵ϣεѪɫѪȻ䱬ը˿
أ
еľ޸͵ĵڵϣ޴ʹüӲĵ;޸ҳһƬɫĻ⡣
ʱ򣬾׳ȻѣȻ͵嶼ը˿
ͣ͵һɲǣȴһ̳˰֮⡣
ޣʱԱߣȴһζӰɽĲӰ
ۡ
ɽһƬȻȻ䴩͸˾޵壬ɱ˾޵Ԫ𵤣Ȼ󣬱ǾȻ䱬ըĳ档
ʵϣ׳֣ɱޣһвһ˲ѡ
ΪͲӰٶȣѾ׵ٶȣ֣ͳΪվһۿӰ޻ɱһĻ
һĻкڵػǿͬʱҲ֤һֲ²⣬Ǿǽǿĺǿ
к⣬ʱҲ֪ѾκεΣˣ˵˱ģɽ״̬˳
ѪܣΪεǣָϵˣڼƷԪĻָԱȽǿָȻ˲СȴҲ޸
ңʱŷ֣ܵˣ治һأ
Ǿޣһͷ˿Ĳһͷôܺܲ
оʱڲһƺҪչһæһżƷԪȻŬָ
ĻָȻǺǿģҲȻҪʱ䡣
ʱľǧҲ˿ǵʵҲָĲˣ˷׷ػš
һҹȥ֮ײ԰֮ɫ𽥵Ļָ˻
磬ϾһжʮֵϽ׾ٱָ̬ҲҪʱ䣬ָоȴܡ
ɹõ˳Ļ뵽һ·ľҲЩȻر·ϣֻҽµĵ·ƺʱ߹ǡ
뵽ЩԼЩľ
Ͼÿ˶ԣʮҪģײΪԼϾǿ̬Ļ£ֱǲյģʱпȥԣÿһðܻ֮Щľĸо
µĻǳʪĿǱôʵ
ɱ¾зԼŶӵĻ֧֣ôʵʵԼͬһսʿоÿʱỵ̈ܳʵ
վʱ򣬷˿˶Ѿָòˡ
ԣ֮˵ʵٶ˲٣һ㣬׺⡣
һϢƬ̣״ָ̬֮ľǧߴǬָ֮ȡһЩˮʳȻʼտ
Ȼ˻޾ǲҪʳȴÿܵȨǿһȻԲҲܵκӰ죬ǿʱϲĽĿͳΪһܡ
ˣ˿ˡ
ϾκˣҲǿζϵͳЩǺܵġ
ңһЩʿʳʳƷ֮Զıų⣬貿֣ȴǿԸṩ΢֮Ҳʤޡ
˿ЦΣաȴȫĵطʹ
ΪзɣҲĿʼ֣ǵĻ֣Ǻܶ궼еģ
ңڼ˽ŵǻͷָ֮оΪǿҡ
Ȼ֮УûκԸȥʯϵ̣ΪֻҪǻһССƬΣľĶǣ
߹˲֪һ·ʵڹŹǰ衢ڣһСģȫԽȥˣ
ľǧˣ׵Ŀ⣬ΪԼˡ
ԭǻΪʵһ˿Уȴ˺ˬСƽ׽˵ĺ֣ǵ˼ĸңɢˡ
ȷʵ뵽ͬʹࡢ빲ЩҸоȻȫʧˡ
״ݣӵĿ϶޼ֵܽõĹϵһٲʢȴʢʢ磬˵ģĸˡ
ҹ־ͷһػ󷨣˵һ˰ĵ֮Ϣ
Ҫ˯ߣͬģֶҲ˺ܣͬ˲Ҫ質裬Щ£ԺܶҲһ
˰ĵĳ˯ҲܸӦǾżѲ߿ѾԼס˽ʱ֮пԼĳ嶯ڵϣ˯˹ȥ
ΣѾܶˡ
һΣȴһΣһЩʵЩõξ
ξ֮УһϤЩİˣˣϲһŮӣȴΪĳЩԭ򣬶ʧˡ
Լļǵãˣܵԩһߵͷ
׶ˣǼǹңҲ⣬ξ֮У˽򡪡ξ֮Уƺ׸оԼǿ
ȻǸˣƺֱûܵõôİŮӡ
ʱţƺܶȥˣ״һŮӣվһεϣӿ
һŮعͷЦЦȻߵŮ΢΢㶣Ȼ˵˼֣ԭ
ʱѾ˹˵ΪξҲѾ˽
ۣĺԣƬ̣ɭ֮УѾ
һ׸оԼȣȫĻָģƺӵĺͨˡ
о̬ȣĳΪһƽȴʵżֺˬˡ
ξƬϡЩȴ޷ʲô
Ϊ˼ǸִᣬʼշĲ¡
ξȻӦ÷ǸִᣬǸִأԼĺԩħҲһɡ



372 ʲôǿ
ײϣǸξԼĺʲôϵԩĻ
׵΢΢ĳ˳ͷ񷡣
ɫգĺƲƮһѹֵĸоȴʵޱȡ
׶յƲ㣬þò
ǸԼߵŮӣȻˣһʶˣΪ֡
ŮӵòϡЩϤ
ҲЩϤѣײûȥ룬ξϾֻǱʶĲڱܵĴԻѡ
漴һ£ȴҲŪʲôãҲֻһξˡ
峿Ŀż£ȴȻʪ
̵ģľǧ˶ʵ˯ۣȻÿˣҵ֮£Ƭ̱㾫ȵվ
˯ߵЧָķɵĸоȴÿһ˶Ըܵġ
硫
׺˿Ҳˡ
΢΢һЦ¶º͵Цݣ˵ͷţ죬ǿʼĻɣÿţģÿˣͨġ
˾ŵĵ˵ͷ˵֮ǰ˶Щɵϴ֮ÿ˶ڻĻѾ̫ˣϾѵĶͨˣԼ򵥵ģʲôأ

СӣȻ˵ð֮߼Ʒ󷨣󷨴ʦʦСӣҾȣ
лѰʮѾɽ֮лѰųɽ֮⣬Ҳŵġ
ڣɱ۷ǿߣһ㣬ȴҪΪ㱣ˣȻСӣֻǻ˼޵ģлѰƺʲôƬֲ̺ҡҡͷ
ڣɱڵǿޣʵλȷʵЩֲЩۺڵǿ֪ǲСӷŲ꣬Ҳ̫ǿˣлѰһ󷨣һ£ó˲ģϢ
ǼҲʮֵ𾪵ģ
Ϊףʵ̫ˡ
꣬˵ڣǱɽˣ
磬Ѷ֮󣬾Ƿ˼ģ׵ٶȣΪŵˣܰ쵽
ңڣɱ۷ޣʵȷʵǳ̬
Ϊǰɱڣǰɱڸ֣ⶼʲôÿһ۷һȼ֮䣬ȴǷǳӴģ˵˺ںǰڡںǰڡ
Ĳ࣬һ޴ĺ蹵޷Խģ
лѰŮСʼΪȷķڵ۷壬ҲֻɱսǰڵС֮ˣѾѲΪѲһϣ
һ㣬֪׵ǱǶôӴ
СӣҪǴﵽۺڣģǲǿǬͼֵʱ򣬳Ϊأǧ꣬Сӵٶȣ̵ģСĲ֪ȥˣ
лѰ͵ԼԼһۣ漴ȴ˷Цˡ
ðɣСӣҪʱ򣬱ҪķԸɣСӲǱѲرֻܸƨˣ
лѰĵ˵漴ԼΪ߰Ůĵˣһ԰
лѰڷ߾ӢԱ֮дһ׿ԽʯǾʵġƵȴΪ
ЩӢ֮УҲȫǿģлѰ©ǵѲߵע⡣
ңóлѰȻ֮˻ȻҲ㡣
ΪҪǣֻ̣侲ǿʵҲֻǱȽǿܿΪȴࡣ
лѰҲԲ׳ս޵ļ侧ʯ¼Ļ棬ⶫֻԼŮЩҲѾ㹻ˡ
лѰ֪ĻḶ́׵˶Ȼޱɣεı֮УʯһĻлѰжѾȫϸˣĻûУҲġ
ˣлѰһֳۣ󷨣Ȼʧˡ
һ̣лѰлȻߣȻлȻߵҲӦ
ϾлȻߵѾߵĴڣлѰҲûпԼơ
ʮ˻ϢȡʮĻ󣬶ÿˣŲ̶ͬȵƣˣ˴˿ػӪϢһ˷ڡ
˵ϾǴģĻ굺֮еԨ練ΪΣգʱ˶Ϣ
ض࣬ػһ£ҺеҪȥһ£ϻлȻ˵
ض֪лȻΪˣ֪ж̰ʲôĴ㣬ԼģضҲ֪лѲصŮε˺Ǵ󷽵ĵţлȻȥɣңġ
лȻ˵ͷ˲ûɭ֡
ǧ׿⣬лѰ֮䲼һС󷨣ȻڲһСͿռ䣬Ȼʹһ򵥵ʱ٣ʱٶ˽ٱ
Ҳ˵ֻҪʮʱңռڲʮСʱʱ䡣
ĶǶ

лˡ
˶ĽлȻ󹧾лѰߡ
Ķ񣬱ˡлѰ˵Ŀ⺬Ц
ĪҪŮЦˣȻ֮⣬ȻأȻǸһ˿ŵЦݣȻ˵
Ǻݺݵĵ˵ͷУȻ޵еȻлѲظǳ޵С
𣿡лѰЦЦе侧ʯǵ¼Ƶĳ棬Ȼ㿴֪ǲƭˡ
׼رܣлѰҲһ𿴿ŮΪƭأ
лȻжʱЩˣиǺ棬ĵ˵У˭ôб£ƺû˰ɣ
˼ţлȻ뵽ף뵽˷˿飬漴뷨ַˡ
ȻƲûʲôͷԣʵֱȽϵͣȻǲܵģ
ҡҡͷлȻЦʱĳŪҲýȻʶʲôȻĶǳĻ
ʱСѾͷҲȻڴ
Ǻǣ𣿡лѰû˵ֻǹЦЦֱ˼侧ʯ
䣡
ռһͣһʵĻһȻ䣬лȻȫͶǰĿռ֮С
ֻԪ侧ʯãҲԪ侧ʯ֮У侧ʯ֮м¼ĳȻʵЧ𺳣ӹ֮˵ļ𺳣
µĿռ䣬ȻлȻǽһȻ˫𾪺Ͳ죡
ѶȣǿߵѶȰ
˳лȻ֮еʱлȻֻԼԴ䡱һ죬Ȼ춼ûлع
ӵģǿ޴ӡ
ʱǺӵıӰͬһ˲ɲһּǿ⡣
лȻѡһ½Ƕȣʱ˫˫֮УĿ⣬ҲлȻķģɵĺݺݵĲ
Ҫʲôˣ˫顢ǵ˫
ɫűѪĹâ䡢죬޷԰Σ
͵һлȻоԼģ˲䱻˫ӸסˣҪսϣԼ繻ɱԼһٱˣ
ԼͬʱлȻ侲
Ļȥţһٱ飬ҲҪʮű飬Ҿ겻
ʱлȻȻ⵽ˣӵ˫͵һ֮ͬȻһ۵磬ȵĹâʵлȻо͵Ĳһ¡
ſ£͵ģӴһ漴˵ſ£ȻǰƬ̡
ʱ͸ôϷסס״ȥ
жϣѾ֮ܳΪ׼ˣǳ׼
ԼӦ̶ȡ֣˸оˣһص
лȻȻ֣Լǰʵ̫ˣһУԼֻǾǰ֪ˣҲ˲͵ſ£͵ſ£Ծܣٷְٱɣ
ǻ𺣣ʯյĿȾôһ㣬ʵ޷˷ĳ


373 СӺܱ̬
лȻۻָһ£Ȼ̾˿
˲ľĶǣо֮ľʵϣԼûаսѶȵ󷨣ȷʵΪ׼Ŀ飬ȷѶȵʮ֮һ
˵Լĵʼʱ򣬾Ѿ˽ˣ
Ȼÿ˶˽ģʵսĻ˶ԣлѰֻͼЩ֪ء֪ôһѵѣڱɡʱлѰᰵг֣Щ˲ȥġ
ȻǺ󻰣Ͼ׹ıɱԱлѰҲѵõǿʤ֮ˡ
ǺĿ飬лȻ֪ʲôʵʲôӦʲôľˣ
ȫǱ̬ġҪġġ˼ġḶ́
лȻоԼһجΣҲܱǰĳľƤ飬˾Ķǣ˾㤣
ðɣӿʼĽİɵٵ𣬽ס硢ѡݡɽꡭʲô޳ܵóˣ˵ȫեһһΣ
ðɣ⻹޳ܵĻȻʯʯѹ޷Ծ޷ӱܣ޷
ʱ򣬷ǿĿɱڵǿߵĽǱ̬
ǿԵǧķʽܹȥʱȣôȻлȻС㶼׵ûƢ
ڲŷ֣ʵ̫޳ˣԸڵļһôأлȻˣʵ̫۸ˡ
һȻûг£Ҳʵ̫ˣǾ֮ݺõĽĿһ˺
ٺ٣Ҳ̽СӵǱ˵ǲǣлѰٺЦһΪϲģ
ʵϣлѰϣϸ˵Ӣ˧ʼǵ˼ǧϵˣ̬Щϡˡ
˽ʲô֣ʵ̫ǿˣֻӦ̫£ʵȴ˵㣬Ҫ۵ʵˡлȻ̾
ȻΪ׵ķӦܸоֲͿ£ǱϾ׵ʵǷӦǿǿߵʱ򣬶Ա
Ҳʵһ˿ȷʵˡ
Ķ֪˶ãлѰЦ
أлȻֵʵ
ףӷ񣬾˵Ӧһʮһ꣡󣬺ܿһʮ꣬лѰԴ֤ʱ䣬Բ꣡лѰᶨ˵
Ǻ׼ȷģϾпռʱ䷨̬һһʱҲ꣬ʵϣСҪʱ䷨ǲǼأ
ң꣬ڣȻΪ̬Ĵڣ
ңлѰԿ϶ʱ䣬׾ûг꣡
лȻΪлѰǿЦǼô϶Դ֤лȻһθоˡ
о𾪰ɣи𾪵أǵưɣϸһ㣬ο֮ҲҪκ˵𣬺ģܣлѰ˵
лȻǺݺݵĵ˵ͷлˣģǲ˵ȥģ
Ҳ֪ʽȻǺвŻģʱӦÿǿľ磬ңַӦͱ̬˺ǾģҪǴﵽ۾磬ҲӦñԼĵҪǿ󼸷ˣ
ȣСӻ󷨣ҪǣʵÿȣҪעˣлѰص˵ҲǶԼŮһ̵ֽϾֳ£ѧԽ࣬ȻԽã
ٴ¿лѰȻ˿
ԼɻָҩľͷлȻǰһ;ɧŵľͷȴʹŮЦ
ȵܷŭĻܷʱлȻ˶Ҳʮֵء
лȻ˿Ǿһͷ˿ĲʱлȻŴʧɫ
˿ʵǺģлȻʮֵ𾪣ڵޣʵѾԳˣ
ľǧ˵³лȻҲѾ²⵽ˣȻһ֮䣬ˣ
ûȥѾԽлȻ֪ˣΪûлȻ˿
ŮֱǺˮͷҲɭȻ亹
ʱ򣬷˿ƺǱˣؼʱǸ׵͵ĳһɽ
أ
Ǿ޴ķɽȻ飬˶ܳľͷлȻٴɫ䣡
Ϊ޷ܾ޸Ĺ޸ôǿ󣬿֪
ޣֻȥҲ߲ʮУǿлȻʵ˵
ҲѾʶ޵Ŀ£ǰڣʵ˿磬֪ܵʲô֡
սһֱױŭ֮侲ָĻɽǿߵơȻɱ޵ľͷš
սʱ̣ܶµ𺳣ȴ̫ࡣ
һΣлȻ֪Լ̫졢̫ˡ
ͬʱҲףϣûǿֻиǿ
ǰĸƺȻһ㣬ȻܵĴȽϴ󣬵Ҳˣ磬κˣòࡣ
ʱţ⾵ͷѾʧ˺ܾãôֻ߼Ʒ󷨵Ḷ́ҲûлȻˣΪˣǵĸоʵ̫̬ˣ
ʹ˿ױֳ۵ʵҲᾪˣ
꣬һʮңӸշǰڣڣԽǿĺ蹵ɱڡڵޣ֮߼Ʒ󷨣ֱǳ̬
ң˾Ȼӻ֣
˭ܸңôˣΪʲôô񣡡ĵ׵ĺ
漴˶ĬĬ֮гĬҲڳĬ֮š
ԭΪضܻ쵰룬ҲʮЦٲѣҲࡣлȻЦ
ȴȻ㣬ʵѾ˲ˣΪҲȽѽ
лȻЦһ£ûлش
˲䣬ͬʱһлѰ˼ˣʲô
ףʹ˷һϣһ
ǵģ
ǿִ
Ȼ䣬лȻϢ뷨ԵʱȻˣ
ڣôǧ꣬û˲ţ϶۷徳磬Ȼ֮λ
ΪˣҲ֪̬ԣ۹֮зһ־Ȼ

лȻû˵ͱлѰˡ
ǷģףһúõıģȻ֪ԭҴЩӢ侧ʯǰ󴳵룬ǰˣý֦
ǼȻˣԼ򣬵òҪ⴫Ҳ׵ǰһо͵ûзһ
лѰ˵
Ȼֺݺݵĵ˵ͷ
лȻ˵ףսʱôѪ飬ս֮ȴֺȻô硢ˬޱȣһ˵ʣΪʲô˲ǿأ
лѰЦսصĶȻ侲ѺˬУȴҲǷǳҪģⶼ˵һܲСӣĶҪŬ
˵ʲôأлȻŭ
лѰЦ˵˵ѣҸоС״̬Ӧһɵģҿӣ⹦ЩӲСԼģ
ԼĹôǿ󣿡лȻһɵˣ漴ҲȻˣˣܱ̬
в뷨ĺܱ̬
лѰЦЦû˵ϸ룬лѰҲ϶²⡣
һˣڣҲֲⷢЩȱ㣬ۺڵлѰʵͬһ㣬ټǿȻó׵ĹȱݵĽۡ
УлѰ˼һüͷˣ⿴ŵȱ޲ߣ޷
Сӣ治򵥰лѰĵ׸̾һȻ˶⹦ȱΪѶȣʵ̫ˣлѰ֣Լȱ覴ã޴֣


374 ˵
ΪһѲߣǾżѲߣлѰʵӹɵġ
ˣΪѲߵͷ죬ǵ۾һлѰĿ۽磬Ȼޱȵĸߵģ׵ĿأԵʮֵҪ
黹ֻΪлѰĿԼǿĳԽżƷ󷨵󷨡żƷϵͳΪ󷨣а󷨡ռ󷨡ʱ󷨡ɱԼѪȵȣǼ󷨣лѰ޷ó׹覴øȥ
һ㣬ֱлѰʮֵ𾪵ģⲻ˵׵Ǳ봴˵Ĺ˲˼飡
覴ãʵϸ˼лѰȴȻķ֣ûиõķȥܿ覴˵תΪڷɽ״̬ʱһ˲ͣ͡Թ壬ԣ
ʱ̣һ˲ĶԵ˵𺳵ʱ̣һûбסôʮģлѰԿ϶жԸԼʱһ򵥵ʱ䷨ݵ˲䣬ȻȻ֣ԷлĻ᣿
覴ãҲȱڣ
ǣҪôȥ覴ãлѰΪ
ڣܸоΪʩչߣӦöһΪ
лѰ˼˺ܾãȴȻãʵ̾˿û˵ʲô
ָоοͬʱҲС
һУֵ̫ˡ
лȻԼĵģвɵһм۵ĸо
һˣһˣָдǺȻһȽϴ
ǰڣԼĸлѰһֱǷһĽģ˵лѲء֣磬˲֪˲һЩէѲߵķߣ֪Ҳνĳţ»ˡ
ⲢӰлѰڷһĿ֮еĵλ
лȻ֪ԼĸףΪһȴѾ˺ܶ࣬һлѰ˼ԴɣģлȻЩΪԼĸ׸оʹ
磬һӴ磬˵һӴλ棬һλ档
Ͻķ򣬲п滷зߺ籾֮ȵȣһеѹԼĸĬĬĿš
λȨһ˵ʵִһΣһ˵
ƽʱлȻֻǿǰһ㣬ʱлȻȴ˺һ㡣
Եһ˲䣬лѰĳ˼һ˿ڶǰһ˲䣬ȴлȻ׽סˡ
ȻģлȻһᣬ뵽˺ֻܶ࣬һĪĴѡ
ʱԼԣǳ£˲ٷߣһȴԼĸ׳еţûѵԼʱԼϲƷŪԼĵϧһЩѲߣҲҪŪڲϧը¯ΪԼơ
ԼΪһ鼫Ʒ󷨲ϣ˿Լĸϣ޵Ŀ⣬һĽŪֱ𣬸Լĸ״ҹ̾ϢΡ
һеһУӳɳĹĬĬĸȴΪǿģһֱлȻûз
һεľĶǣдȻٵ¶лȻ֪׵зɣȻӰ쵽
ĪĵӰ죬ʱ׵ˣǴǲҪҪ
ǣҪеϡߵһУŬĶԴΧˣĶԴˣĶԴˡ
һʱ䣬лȻ˺ܶ࣬һֱ߰ȴĬĬ֮οᡣ
ǵģһл٣ԼĵҲȻڣܼʱΪԼĵ
Ů֮飬ƺܵĳЩӰ죬ʱ򱬷˳һֱлѰ̫лȻҲڿ˳ȻͶлѰĻ
лѰȻʱ򣬺ȻЩݺᣬȻԵʮֵᣬǧ꣬õѾģĥµĲ϶ǧٿס
лȻĸףΪĳЩˣ뿪
ˣܾãҲΪ£лȻԼĸ׺ܡųʱףҲĴס
ǰһи߰䵭ԭģ
ǵ棬ĳƺԼġҲһֱѣеųѾڡ
ڣһж߽⡭
Ķģʵǿ󼸷֣ܽĵλʱ򣬵˳ѲһȻȥԨ𣡡лѰϵ˵֮һ˿ѵĺɱ⡣
ȥˣҪȥĶҲȥҪȻĶҲԭµˣȻʹ˵
лѰ΢΢̾ϢһлȻͷȴûд𻰡
ײڣȴϣΪҪúõĻȥҪġ֣ǻҪŬǵĳˣٶһЩʱɣʱǿ׵ɱĶĶһԶԶԽʵģ
Ȼᶨ˵
ʱѾһֱû˵ʲôȴĿͬļᶨļ
˫ʣȻΪһ֮ˣҲˡ
лѰҲû뵽һģʵԽˣԽڹۿʱ򣬱׵ʷԼ֮зӰ죬Ǻ¡
˶ԣⶼǺ£Ϊ˳Ӧԣ

Ȼ˳ӦԣҴˣĴˣңף
׿޾ɫĲ񷣬̾һ
ǿҳĵһ̣ʵĸоʱоǿʱôʵ
ıܣͲλףǿʳ£ٳ񲢲ìܡ
˴ˣ
֮ԱơԱ
ָдƺܼ򵥣ˣûһʵһˣǲܸܵõģҲǲܸܵó
ܸһģΪ
ײûж룬Ǵ˿̣ɵ뵽ĹأλǿߣӵǿܷӡǿۺڵǿߣȴûнЩɱΪʲô
ʱԿ϶ȫĿ϶Ϊˣôȥôȥ˵
ǵģ˵
׸д֮Ϊ׼˵ĴһһֱʵĶ
˶˵ûиϾɱһֻأţһɱô۵ĻһģΪͻ˵
˵Ҳνĵ˴ˣƵ̵Ȼֻһ㣬һ㣬ȴΪּĶ
Ϊ˵λۺڵǿߣʵǿĿ£
Ϊﵽ־ˣѾ׵ԲĲԿЩ֪ȴΪԼ˶ԣʵĲֹ࣬һô򵥣
Ļ֮ӡۣ֮ӡߴۣҲ㲻ʲôˡ
⣬
̬ı仯ʹ׵̬ȫƽͣ˵ʣȴǱøӵƽͨˣҲܺÿദ
Ҳ͸һ㾳һ
ʵû̫ĳڣҲûͻƣûн硣
̬һˣ״˿̺֮ǰ״̬ȣȴ˲ͬ
ΪٴɽĻ׿Կ϶ᱻ룡
ңǱ룬ҲܵɣΪַЧʵһֱС
֮ǰḶ́ޣͳͳûгɱֻǽƷ֮ĻȻ
Щޣźܸߵ̣Ȼ⣬Ǵ඼ܸм
Թ޵ģΪ׵ػĹʵٴιޣȴǱٴƷȻˣȴҲûȻ
磬ǿΪʵһС
ˣ֮£Ҳûв۵ˡ
ĺô˳
֮ܶ䣬ǱȽŽģ֣ҲȽԡ
˵ʧĻȻҲϣͬʧĻ
ôˣһ·֮ԽԽСޣˣᵱĻ
Ȼٺò


375 ޳
ʵϣǷ˿ľǧ߼ˣʵ̫С˵Ҳûʲôս塣
ʯǾĶǡһľƣѹһЩССǰڵޣ޷üô
ЩޣڣȻʵΪ˵ãȴҲˡ
ʵҲܼ֮㶨
˵Ļȫûκε⣬Ǽ򵥣һʱ䣬ȫ㶨
룬һժʮĻʮöĻպ÷ָľǧˣһöȻԼš
Ͼǿе÷˿ľǧⶫԷҲҪ
ȸ㶨ʮöĻ֮ױû˵ˡ
ʣʱ䣬ȴнʮʱ䡣
һµĿ飬Ҫһʱģõ˿ƷҲ
ʼʱ䣬Ǹ˶ŬȡĻģ죬ȻӦû֮ᷢ飡
Ȼ߻ǱȽŽģÿ˴λλܵǿʳʤ̭ĲпʵұĸֲǺޱȣɸҲ˸
Ȼж֮һžԵ棬ֻǻᱬ飡
νҳϣΪܵղ
νĿΪѵĳ̫ͣ
һдﵽһʱһУᷢ
Ȼܴ
׵ȡĻ֮ٴ̤Ǵ۸ӵС··ڵʱûѡһ·ʱķ˳ȥ
Ļ굺Ԩ֮У⼸ǾԲƽġ
׼򵥵һ£֪⼸죬жѵķĿ޵͵ϮܴĳЩΣա
Ƚ϶ԣʯǾһĴͦ˹ȥڼΣգײ̫ϡ
ײ⣬Ϊһˣɽ֮ǰ˵֮󣬸ˡ
ص֮УײûԼ̫ʵ֮䣬һ˼Ʒ󷨣ħЧϵ󷨣ȻѾ˲٣׶Ѿ൱ľ׼ˣ󷨣İ˼Ʒ󷨣ʵҲ಻˶١
ΪҪһ㣬˲֡󷨡
ǴӾԲλ߳Խ˼λ棬ÿλİˣ޷󷨵塣
Ȼ֮⣬ܴӲλ߳ˣǲڵġ
һ󷨰壬ҲһֺǾ˵˵õĹˣ׶У
֮˼Ʒ󷨣סڣɱǿߵĿֲ󷨣֮˲ķ׵˳ֵĴ㡣
֮Уض˶ﰲӪկÿʮһѡ·СѰĻϰ˵ʱ䣬ѡص֡
еĶ鶼ѡġ
׵ˣʧ񣬽ʮɹȻˣӵʮŵĻ
ʹ˶Щۺ죬Ǽ׻˼ƷͬϷһ㣬˵˫֮Уһ⡣
ɭ֮Уһߣڡ
ֶΣԿڵĸˣʹûû˲ֵˣҡ
вģ֪ԼȫûϣĻ֮ĳЩܻһЩ飬ﵽԼĿġ
ض£һˣʣ˵ľˣȴֻõĻһˣֻõöһö
ѾˣһöûõңܵܣһĻûУ
ˣʵǰڣǰڣڵˣʹΗֵܺǷŭ
ΗֵܣʵҲΪ˵ãǰҲΪҫģżҫĿμӿ飬֤νѲ߿飬򵥵ţһëֻʧʹؼߣҪǶ˶Ѽˣ
ΪȻ˼ڶõĻԼǰֵܣһ˶޷Բ
Ηֵܣ֣ʵΪضڵǿߣҲмּɵģĻĶȡչأֵܵùûᣬԼĶȻܷѣֵܱ㳯ڵķλȥ
׵󷨣ֵȷʵܼɵؼһо˶ŻȻǹϵԼһв̫ãҲ̫ĻĿ඼ϣΪǿ
󷨣Ϊ涨˲׼ɱˡ˵ɱ˵ĻѲߴ˵ĳͷȽأֵܲɵ
ΪҪǣ˱ĿɽҲС
ȻѲһȷʵȽϴ˽һЩСС˽ףҲ㲻ʲô
ˣ඼˽ģʵҲѾˡ
һƷںҹɢĹâҹ֮£ĵΣʣ˸Ž˵ǰ
֮УûпɼȣʮֵΣգΗֵܣûн֮С
ǣûн֮Уȴ׼ˡ
һػ󣬶ɱȻΪ˱ⱻ󷨷׼֣ȴûгֻ֣ǴȵСţٽĻȻҪӷˣ
˴ĺȵȷʵΪǿɱ⣬Ȼϲ԰ڣΪ˻ҺɱȻǿңȴҲֻѡ
֮ȻܸӦһУԲɵЦЦ˿ûᡣ
˿ľǧȴ׷Щŭˡ
ˣ޳ܣŮӶʱŭˣ˵
Ҳѹ֣Ȼο֮в̫ɣȴҲѹر󣬱ϾĶȥˡ
ľǧ˲ͬονǵ̣ƴżͨõͶɹвᣬǸ˶ŭޱȣ
ɰŮӴ˿ҲͬЩˡ
Щ治Ҫƴģôأ
Ηֵܣ֣ʵԴﵽˣҪǿ٣ǹֻ˵ĻҲͲˣ
ض£ضؼүǷһһȽӴļˣǾˣʵһģ
壬ֻǶǵĶ첻ѣΣֻѰ˰ᣬΪʮĻĻǱеĻҪײˡ
˿ķɵõģһء
˿̣ľǧȴǿһۣȴû˵
׵򶨣оһжɵĹȥ
ľǧߵĿԼõڴĿ⣬з˿ַĵĵǣЦЦ
Ƕ̫ˣİɣܿǾͻģΣҸպҵľżƷ󷨣ЩԺˣ
׵һЦ˵
ż󷨣׶ԣҲһԶѣ⿿ħҲ˲٣
ǽٶ࣬ҲǾż󷨣ųɱǰڸֵ󷨣ǿֲģ
Ͼ۲ɵԼ֮УֻҪԼ߸ȴЩ̰֮˲
˿ԣɽһ𣬾磬ʵ̫ˣżƷ󷨣⣬̫˼ˣ
ľǧԣЦ˿㻹ûܹѽҶΪϰˣܻǾϲģ𣿡
ߵЦѽҪ״Ŷ
˿ЩգЩ
ҲЩ뵽״磬ȷʵ̬ͦģˣôǰڵǿߣҲûôţİɣ
뵽ʯϵľ˿ҲȻˣĵԼû̼

˿ĸڵĻ쵰ӹȻǵ󷨣ץסǾͰǵƤΗֵɷĺţִɤţһȡöʮһöĻлȻüͷݺݵ
ƺ뵽ʲôлȻʲôû˵
Ȼ㣬ǲȥһôױϾѾͷѾɣлΪѲߵ˷ܺͼ
ʲô¶Ӧˣʲô£νԹ۰ɣ֣Ҳ֡лȻ˵Ӳлмֵǵġ
뵽̬ͦʵֿ˼Ʒ󷨣ȫĲˡ


376 ң1
еı仯ȻûӹۼСѾͷΪ飬۾תתû˵ȴлȻζЦݣЩ˼ֺΡ
ѾͷлȻŭ
ºɫĿɰСͷ˸ǵλòڨڨЩ֪ԡ
çЩ˼ͦģȴûɶĻˣᡣ
յ󷨰ǲǧ󷨰Ȼǲܰװ׵Ĳġ
񣬽ϳѪȸĵãԼһЩԼĸȵȵȵȸܽһ£νľżƷ󷨡
żƷ󷨣ʵҪ˼Ʒϣ׶ԣ˼Ʒ󷨣Ǹϳģ˾żƷٸϣٴεĽͣ
󷨣ϸ˵Խǿĵһ󷨸ϣԽǿ
ǸϵҪϺȴΣԽϣԽСԽ󣬵ʵϣܻϸСʧʧĽ
ȴûа취飬Ͼʹõķǿž׼ƿħеһںϲγɵһ󷨣ģʽܲǲǼˣ
ֱӵһģʽ߼Ʒĵһ󷨣Ѹ㶨ԣҪż󷨣ֻܿһԸħҪϣ
Ҳ֮٣ϾԽʵԽб֤Ҵ˿ʱȻжģǳزȫ˼Ȼ赲סЩΪĻļһǡ
ܺǿ󣬵棬󷨱Ļ˼Ƕסֹġ
Ҳ׼þż󷨵ԭ
Ҳ֪Щ˱ɽСΣķǰ£ײŪҡ
ȷʵܸӦЩֻͶ·ѣûǿɱ⡣ȻˣֺαظϾɱ
Ҫƽգ׶Ȼ֣̬ˣ˼ⷴӵ侲ˣ⣬Ҳӵľ׼ˡ
ľϡʵϣѾһʵķԾˡ
̵ģˣһﾹȻŲˣΗܻĺ
磬ʲôҰɣ㿴Ŷӣ㵽ʮĻˣ˲࣬㵽Ļǻˣǵϣͺ
ǰҪȻѲ棬ǿǶ˰ƺĵ
ҰɣãҾҰɣ̬һ£ʱ׼ˡ
ҲˣԷӣҲû˵ֱ֡
ҪʧˣǣֵҲûȥˣΪӣΪϣ˱óȫ

ɵӣײˣлȻüͷɣոľˣϷʵı鿴һۣջĿ⣬ϷһĿ
ѾäĿΣ͵ĳȻһ޵кɨֵ߷ɡ
ŮӺӣȻ֪ôǿԼͷſϷĿ⣬ΪϷˣΪһҪ⵽򣬶ʱҲһͬ飬һֿĿ
Լܿѣܻ˴ֻȥġ
Ǹʱľ˿СձԹɱͷһǻô̼͹񫣬ȴ˿ûʶеķ̺ͱ
һ㣬ԼҲ˵ˣһһռһĵλôңҲʼ
ԵȨԵĸܣκ£ǲıġ
ÿȡģֻΪ˶ԱĵһִţΪԼĺˣ磬һְѣҲ˶ѡ
Ȼ⣬һЩǹǿߣûκ˻ȥ˼һ㣬֮⡣
״˿ڲͬʱȴòȻ뵽һ㡣
˵Ǹо˵ֻĿ⣬ָоִĶ³ѸʦС˵ɱԼͬԴǸʵḶ́һġ
ЩأЩĻ£ȴòŬȡֺõķ棬ȥȥеֵΡ
⣬Ҳʵʵʵˡ񣬶
ڴķ棬ŽҲǺǿ󡢺ΰģЩСķ棬ȴȻαľ
ͬããۣûз򣬼ʱܷȴȻִͼܰȫ½һ
ЩȥĻ׷֣˵̣ó塣
ģǵĴڣ֤ʱ򣬾Ϊȥ֤ɣ׷󡢳ɳЦˮлȴЩ塭
ľȻƬ̣Ȼ֣ԼЩ̫ˡ
֤壬֤û̫ĲͬǸѡ
ɽˮ̡ȣһУǷ
³һ׾ָ򣬺ЩأǲڵʵȥĶ
λ棬Ĳͬڲλ棬Զ롢˼ЩƺĶǣǺ
Ȼǣ
˲䣬ıȽ϶࣬ͣʱȻ֣ԼȻ֮䱾ܵķ˼Ʒĵһ󷨣Ȼڸϣ
˿̵ѣʹ㽫ɵ󷨣ɣ
Щգѵĺľȫһ˿󷨸ɡ
ûпšħΪԵĺȻ˼ܵĻ˼Ʒһ󷨣
ЩԪʯֱӷȥͬһַޱȣʵԵʮָĪ⣡
վں˲ֵĵǿʱڵİƬΣи̾
ǿģɷϵǣḶ́󽫲ǰǿ߲ںϣЩƬΣں嫵ķ֮УָʣѾãˡ
ָͨо𽥵Ϥ˼Ʒĵһ󷨣оջһۻоôʡ
棬󷨺¡¡ţײ֪żȻ󷨣лѰУʵǾˣ
죬侲ıܻ󷨵ĺʵлѰ󷨴ʦ۾
СӣѾ޻˵ˣлѰĵ׵ۣס⡯˾żƷ󷨡⳾лѰѾȫٽ׿һСˡ
ӵоż裬ѾȫܹΪʦˡ
𾴣Ϊ֮𾴵ġʦˣ
ֵȴΣ˲лѰȼˣңлѰ֪ı£̬ͬ
֪СӣŶʦˣ֪ʦ᲻أʵںڴлѰĿⷢĶײ󷨣ϣܿʲôãֻ״˿ЩģȻ뵽׵͵͵ʵɿЦ
뵽ʱ䣬лѰȻˡ
ǣҲգǳԵɣлѰΗֵܵ

䣡
Ηֱִֵ͵ߣҲʮֵľΪؼ£˵õĽ̵Ϊ
Ȼֵ̲סˮɣͻƾ磬ʵҲ֮һźǿȵˣֵܣͨȷʵʮֿɹۡ
ɱ˴һٴͬںһһ㣬ɫγһ͵󷨺˹ȥ
ڰ˼󷨱õľżӰ죬ЧȽϲһ֮£󷨶Ȼ޴ıըϢʱʹɭֶΪ֮һ¡
涼䶯
ɣһɾ޴磬ֱӽֵƷڵأȻ˼
壬ҲǱȻ޴ıըһɫɱ˱䡣
ȻֵֵҲݺݵһ¡
ʵϣֵͲף󷨱ʱըֱ൱ںħըǸ磬ħֱǿֲģȻڿռ䲻ͬռݲͬϣȴû˿ġ
ֱըֵܵһ񱩣Чʮ־˵ġ
Ҳˣ˿ֵܵ񣬲źǾȡ
ֵȻƷڵأȴûκ˳Цһ
ֵԴת䣬û˳ЦһƬţ˷ڸܵڶעĿ󣬸ֻһǳ׶ˣĲѣ


377 ң2
ˣ˷һĴһŵһȺ˶һ
һֵ̣ܷ۵糸һ׵֮УȻҲˣƿȻһ󷨡
ֻȥĿ죬ĸ졣
ǿڴ˺ҵʱֱӳһ޴Ŀӣ޴Ǵ޻֮һʧ
һ̣ǿӺȻָȻһɸӿֲľݺݷϡ
ռ͵һȻһͣݵ˲䣬ΗֵƺоʱͣƬһȻֻû
䣡
ʹ͵̫ޡͬĳٽףݺݺϣʱΗֵֻԼҪˣ
۾һڣ嶸Ȼѣƺʱᱬըһǿľʹ۾ڣð𻨡
ֿ־Чʵʮǿ̬ģΪ˲䣬Ժ֮ͬʱһѶϢһĵҪˣˡ
ʱ˼ʮֿģҲʮֵĻԾٺѹȣȴ˵ĳء
ˣһˣǰڰʲôûˣһжΪޣ
ûˡҡĴڣʵ̫£
ţ˶ȻݺڵϣֱӽʪȴӲĵҳ𻨡
ǰһڣͬʱ˹ȥҲʺѪˮ֮УͬȪˮһ㣬ѪˮҪ
һ£ʵˣǰǿ͵һ˵ֿĸоĻô˵Ľ֣˳棬ˣʵܱ̬󷨸̬
ģǾż󷨡⳾ˣضдŭȴҲΡ
ƿʱû⣬˿ȴǺȻ֣żƷ󷨣ʵǺܱ̬
ȻԴҲȽϵĿȴҲˣΗֵܵû֮ǣȻεˣСӺһˡ
ضΣֻôһȺȥһ˻Ȼÿ˷һŻָԵҩû취Ͼ̫ѵˣֵֵҲʮŵҩȴֵܵ
ֵܷ˻ȻԸ⣬ضҲˣԷ˲Լ˹ȥԼ֮ǰĬֵܵضЩԹޣȴҲЩ
һڴϣǺʶģض࣬ҲǽߵɡԼˡģȻ̫֡
ңĽĶ󣬻Ա߿أ
ԣض൹Ҳõŵ£Ūż󷨵ˣѾǴʦˡ
λʦʵڱǸ²£ϣʦҪ⡣ض˵ϡ
⻰˶ˣȴûκ˱ʾ飬Ͼ˾ż󷨡⳾Уûʲôö˵ģǰڵĸ֣㲻öҪ棬Ηֵܲǰڣ棬ĺܡ
ضĻȻС֮ǰĿŵ˿Щмѵô˿̶ԷϣҲصû£ѺõдһҲģ⡣
ƽĻȴżѵõƽ׽˵ʣ˶׵ĸоɺ
Ҳ̬ԼֶΣû˻˵ʵˡ
ĻôõõģȻԷܵõȻ֮ȻԷܺܶʱ䲼óż󷨣Ҳ֤ǿʵ
ʦʦĵλҲ𾴵ģˣѾû˻ѡΪˡ
ʱ䣬ţĴŶȻϵĽС·ϣȻȥȡĻȻԽ棬ĻŶԽѶȡ˵ˣҲԽԽࡣ
ԭʮˣףֻвʮˣˣȫ
ҹ߳䣬Ҳǿǰڼ͵Ϯʱ׵ѣ˿ľǧ˱ֳǿޱȵɱһ𽥵ıǿȴ֪ȴҲǽ߳īߺˡ
˱ֳǿɱʹ˵ʧ͵͵㣬£ûȻ˻еġ
ʮܿ͹ȥˣգҲֻвʮõĻ׼ȷ˵ֻжʮˡ
ˣȴˣ²С
磬ʱ˶ûܱͨҲѾ㹻ǻˡ
ˣʵѾʸˣһ棬ʵҪ̫ͨѡ
лѰʱûȡ˵ĻǺοɨһۣûĿס
ܺãεĿ飬ˣȫͨлѰ˵
ޡ
ٴεĿΪѲߣÿߵĹ٣Ҳͳɾ֤ͣԼõ˷һϿɣҪٹŵ£ʱᱻɱľĶǵӡ
˺ܶ飬ܶܶࡣ
˲ûлǲлѰ©һС
ȻֻлѰλҪչõĻģףļѲߣõöĻģѲߣ
öһöûĻģͳͳѲߣ
лѰţȻٴλһ֮󣬵˵ˣڴ׼ãҪһȥˣסĻ굺ԨΣյĵطǲҪͼȻΣգڣֻ˶ýˣ
ҪĻʱҺˣ
лѰ˵Ŀɨһۣ˶ӣҷ
лѰ⣬Ȼִһ򣬿ռŲƶʱʩչ
ռһڣռ䷨İʱ㷢Լٴεǣ
һµĿ飬ȻĲɣ˵ʲôо
ֱ˱ĻȻѲѫµʱ˹
ָдȻǺǿģҲꡣ
ΪļѲߣѲѫ£ļɫĹâ׺ֵٵĸоָ߸ϵĸоҲܡ
ľǧ˶ѲߣѫŵɫâŵӵС飬ر
رǷ˿ѫصķ֮ϣôͦζۣ˲ɾһĳ
ֳȽǿЧȴҲԡ
ɨһۣŮӾм߲ѡ
˿Ƚϳ죬ȻЩ⣬ȴԺͦͦأȻĿһֿۣ˿ľǧߡ
ڵĹ㳡ڵǡ
ΪļѲ֮Ƭ̣ױ㱻ǿľżѲлѰȥˣȻȻǼھżѲԼλۡ
׵ľʵлѰûй¶ԼҲû˵ֻԼ̹˾ż衢Լ
ЩϣΪ״˴ʦĳƺš
߼˼ѲߣףҲҪһʦ
ЩҲᡣ
صԼլԺ֮˿
ǣлѰ׼ˣûлѰĸоʣ˵٣Щ˿ԼĿ⣬мּɵ
֪ԼᳬĻǿлȻȴûеõĻѾʹЩϼ޻ļһ¼ˡ
ʱҲ뵽˰ǧǬͼ飬üͷɶ˼ء
ľַش֮Լ̫ҡˣʧ㣡
ʱ򣬶˵ף磬Ҳˡ
ÿһ˶ΪڣлѰͷ
ôЩлѰҪǿأ˵ὫԼĨɱӡô
УԼĺԼʱһôһй¶ɽŮ˵ϢΪԨ۵˵ĳɱ
Щ飬Խʵϣʲôƨɽļ׵񣬶ӰӶ֪ȻõɽİȴǶ֪ʲôʲô
ԣֻ˵Լù
һлֻܿԼȻǧǣԼлѰˣŵùġ˼һ£ױȻˣΣԼĻҪ
һ£ʱĶȥʮˣ˼СӣҲʮˣʱ䡭
Щε̾Ϣһ˼⺢ӣʼЩΡ
Ըľǧ˲Ҫ֮ײһ·䣬Ȼһ˼Ʒһ󷨣Ȼ֮Уֱӽʱ


378 ɽϢ1
ʱ֮Уƺøˣҿȣ˼֣ΪĻ굺̫õԵɵķ׾ãʱ棬ļֱͯ硭
Զɽ͵֡룬Сˮ̲Ȼ֮
ƽǳ̵ĲݵϿգһȼƷķɽٶݣѾ˽ǵľ磡

Сӣȷʵ˵ðôĸָ˶ĵҩСǲҲ̫ˣ
룬ҲȻˡ
ʮ꣬ǰڣѾˡ
ľϣԶԶ
ܺ;صң
׵ĳ֣Ȼ˲Ӧˣԭϵֱ˲ߡ
˵õɽУʵʼԣȴ𽥵ķӳˣ£Ѿﵽ˿ֲˡ
һĿռ䷨
׺ǾϲģȴǶ˵ۻ˼ı
˺ܼеӵһ𣬶ʱ˼Сȴһ˹
ڸأһ۸ף˼ɴ۾ŭ˵
ʵеŮԻˡ
Ҳѹ֣ʱ˾ʣˣǰѼȻ˼ܼġ
СӶƨһȥȻĹôˣ˼ԣɫ࣬ڨڨһȥʵʵˡ
꿪ʼ׺˼ս˿ÿȻ֣ȴǻե˼ÿһʵ
˶˼ԣԼϵʵǱ޶ֲ
û㱻Ű˼ƽʱȻʮֵ˼ֱŰĸоˣ˼ȴľľ⣡
˿˼⺢ӵϷʣִĺӵȴΪӵԭЩߣ׼ֵۣģײһ嶯
Ϊ˸ˣȻޱȣֻǶ˼ֳķ϶ѣʹЩĸоȻԼСѾͷֻССġĦһ£Ҳһֱѵĸо
ײ̾Ϣһ˵ʱ֪Լԭûлĵı£ĵˣΪƽĹˡ
׸磬˼⺢棬ĳɳ̫ãƣʮˣڽǸͷˣȴɵĲˣû£ǲˡ˴ĸԵĹԣһĬ
£ȷʵˣ
飬Ҫأ˼СӣûӺţΪһֱĸһһö˼ԣǸССŮˣо׶ԣʮġ
Сӣ
ԼĹԸȷʵ׺ƣô
ԨЩһһֱһ˼ȥˣֻǲ£군
ʱֻŷѲһҲǣһƬս
ңɽܾջԵĶǰ˭֪лѰ֮ļǿ߻᲻ɥĲ飿
εĳĬƬ̣Ȼ˵һ£̾˶˼Ҷǲֻǣ˼ȥǵʵֻǺ׶༪١
ֻԨһˣʲô֪ɽĺܻ쵰ǣ˽
ԭΪѲһʮֵŽᣬһֻǺܶ黹дֻǸɢɽϢȻֻǻᱻΪѡ
ͺٵȵȰɣҾŪ׾żƷ󷨰壬ʱĻֻҪ˰ߣʱͺðˡ
˵
ˣ׵ĻҲЩε̾ϢһҲֻ˰ɡ
˵ţ˺Ȼ׵Ժ֮˵׸磬ʵûдﵽ۵£òҪȥĹء
΢΢һݣô㵣ߡ
ĵ˵ͷû˵ʲô
֮ĶԻֻĽûй¶ʲô
⣬Ҳȷʵһ¾ӣ
ǰۺڣĸûҰģ
ǰԵȫţأԼ塭
ôһ룬׻΢΢һ˲ĸоȫһķ䣡
ڼɵᣬ磬һеı֣òɵ
Ƕ˵İ壬Ǽɵˡ
磬ʱ׶ԣεģӦֻˡԼĺľǧˡ߻лѰ
ˣȴΪݵλӣţȴȻܶܣͿܻᱻȥ
ϸ˵״Ķ࣬ΪϾǲλʥŮǲλ棬ʥŮݣȴӹɵġ
˶˼úõĴɣģһŬģ׼ᶨ˵
ȻţһֻҪ𽥵ѰյĸоһǶġ
ϾѾһΣȻô·Ͻķ£Ȼǿġ
ʵԱȣǶôĿֲ¼ûﵽ˽콣޺ۣ𽣵ȾʱţʲôҲԶˣ
õİ취ԼΪ𣬶ˣˣǿסģ
㣬˶ڰĿҲһЩˡ
ֻгΪ𣬲ĿȥƷЩˡ
·ܳ
׺˶û̸ⷽ飬ʵϣо˺ܶ䷽ΪƣܿϧǣΨһһ˼ϣҲˡ
Ҳ׼˼ȥԭ򣬲Ȼ䷽׶ܸӦǱҲֻܸ洵ˡ
˼ȻʧȴҲǲ£Ȼɵ˸һӣЩ
뵽ԼڽĽ뵽˼⺢Ӿʮһ껹ǰʵں
˼ıԣױ˲ʵûɶӺƵĺݺݵһᡪǹӳȨ֮³Тӣ򲻳ɲţ
ΪʱĹϵһΣռʱ䡣
ʱ䣬׿νűֱѵֲǧ򱶵ķѵ˼
ֶħѵ⽿۵СӺݺݸһѼǿѪͬʱϤĵָԼ侧ʯϴ£ʱ䣬˼ڰ˿ɶǻŮڳΪһӺˡ
ѪᣬǿжѪı֣
ҽֶһԺضֲĺܡ
Ȼ˼·ѵʱûɶģ飬Σգֻе
˼𽥵׽İʱʱ䣬ȻǰڣǽͬĴﵽ˵ؽ磬˴ذ塣
׶ԣȻ˺ܶࡣ
׵ѵ£˼ṵ̂ðȻһֱˮɵľ磬׽̵£ϵʹ˼ľͣͲǰʵȴȵ
һ㣬׺⣬˼ԼڸܵԼǿ֮ѵҲ̿ˣȻҲûǰˡ
˺οͬʱȴ־öʧ˵ʲô
ӵĳɳĶο
ʱţڵĿռ䣬ʱ䣬棬ȴѾȥˡ
ͬûͻƣΪ˲׾ʵϣѾ͸˽İ壬һЩ覴Ѿ޸ԼˣûУô˵𾪣©ƬУ
һǿʳ磬ΪɱǱǿĺ󱲣ʮֵ
ǿΪ˷Ѳƺȫ˲٣ıʣûб仯
ңײ㱬ѣһǼҵġ
ڲ书֮ǰײڱ¶£ʵˡ
״ʱ󷨵ʱ棬лѰѾڵȴˡ
лѰߵģѾϤ˵ŮӣлȻ
ȻϤֻǰΪѲߵʱ໥֮䣬Щ򵥵Ľѡ
ʦҪɸˣΪѲߣˡлѰ۾Цϴһ˿թЦݡ


379 ɽϢ2
ûк룬˵ĸоȴȥһѺӣʮֹ졣
΢΢һݣлѲؿˣ֪ʲôô۲Ϣɣ
ٺ٣鵱ȻеأɽϢ֣ڶ˫½ԨΣǡãһۻǰЩ;ҪػŵıƼ㣡
ܺõŶ°ãܿԼֱΪѲߣѵõģ
лѰ۾Ц
ŶѲʲôôлѰһȭϾʵͦǷģ˵ƺѲ߾ǻʵһ
ңǰ˫½ȻԨ۵أǾҲδ̫ңԶΪҪǣ׵ʵȺ֮䣿
ûи
һȺǰ˫½Լһڵ˻
׺ܾǿлѰŵ۾ȻԳֽթȴûļӺ˼ұܵģ׾˻ֵεġ
ˣ˼һɻĿлѰ
лѰȻʵҳΪļѲߣǷѲߵһȨȣ󷨡һЩĹȣҪѲߵʵܽЩĵط
㣬϶źܺõİģֻ£ѲҪǿĹףܱ׼УֱӳΪļѲѾˣֱӵĽһЩڣֻǻ˵Ĳ
һǰ˫½ȻŶȻʵ˻ű㣬ҪʱֻҪþżػС
ߣ¾żɱȻ㽫ɱ֮С
£ԼʵŻıϿɣϾһҲܸ̫Ȩ
лѰĽţҲ뵽ʵԭӦܾлѰЦŹ졣
Ϊûдɽ״̬֮£ֶѲְλ̫Ϥ¶ĴӦˡ
ȥһ£ҲͦõģֻҪ¶ԼĹһʵҲνˡ
ҵ˶˫½룬ӦÿԺԨ۵ЩӴܵĻɱҲһˡ
ţȻ˵ͷðɣҴӦˣǰʲôԸ
Ӧ˾ͺãŮлȻԼȻֻʵǱ㣬ӦѾûˣζǳȥѲ֮еǻӦһ¡
⣬ڷ˿ʵԭǻᱻ񣬰ȫ⣬ĺˣ
пһ£ʱϺȻǺŪԼģȻ˵ԭȷʵӦǻһ㣬һֻ翴ԼɱڳǿߵʵŮԼ߰գ
ңĿ⣬ǿŮĿ⣡
ϸһ룬Լż󷨵ʵôܻ᲻Щ˽ɣȻȷʵûдﵽҪΪѲߣҲʱ䳤̶ѣõŸôô
׺ǺգҲûʲô£ҲԽܡ
˵лȻȷʵҲֻǺѣ͵Ŀ⣬͵̬ȣȴûʲôĶġ
Сӣ𲻰µ£ѲߵĵȼңҲ⣬ҪȻļѲߵĵλ㶼õ
Ҫ֪ҪҪѲߵĵλУΪ֤Ѳ߸㹻࣬㹻ҳϣ
弶֮䣬ͬűʵġ
ǰ˫½ҷѲ߳ǿߺǿߣһֻˣһγɹĻ˱ʸˣ
лѰ˵ĺƵģҲɡ
ҲνʲôطҲһ
ҲܱɽҲһ̽ˣΪ£ʵѡ
лѰһ֮˵ˣȻлȻ˿˸ˡ
ߵʱľŮĿףʵЩ
룬ڴĿ֮У׻ӵһһЩο
ҸЦݿ棬ϵ΢Цůͬһ
˿ľǧһ𣬸лѰȻ˺֮󣬺ܿʧˡ
򵥵Ȼ֪ܿӦÿҲ֪˿ӦþûΣգݿյĸоȻôС
ǺȻ䶪ʧʲôһһʱ򲢲֪ȵʧȥˣźȻ֣ƺҪһ㡣
˫ˮӣǿʵĿɰģɰĽߣռ׵һ˲Ŵ֮ȥ
һĬĬԼͿлȻһ
ŮӣȻǸŮӣ㾪޵òôˮĴۣͶ˿ת䣬ĸƣҲЩֱŮĿ⡣
ĵŮôôͶԼʲô
һ˿ʹ죬漴̧ͷݺݵлȻһۣȴķ֣һ۸ɵ˿մлȻѾջĿ⣡
СһЦ˳ɰĳССظһţ̺ϣͿĨһ㵭֬һ
һͶһİɫսף˿̻³ȹ̬ƮƮʵмֳϢ
ʦ߰ɣǰѾ׼ˣ׼ֱӽ˲ƹȥȥ֮˻ݣǿߣԸע㶼עŶĺ˵
׵˵ͷֵʱ׵Ҳɲһ£΢΢һݡ
Σ߹Ȼ̲סˣ˼ţĵһǿĲ
һ޵׺ڶڵȴżȥһ
ָоǺȻǿ
ǣײû˵ʲôĻӰ첻Щţǿߵľ
ʵǿлѰֱ̫ܱ࣬ȼԨ۵ǿߣǷһΪпܳΪˣҲһֱû
ǰ죬Ҳûмˡ
ۣһֶɱ¾򣬸֮ųƾۣǼɵ
ȴǸ˷򣬸ǿ֮ˣΪķʵǿı̬
Ѳ֮𾴣ҲΪۣΪֵʵԳԽĴ½Ĵۣ
˳֣ɽһǳ˵õĶ浽ʲôأ
Բ²⣬ȴ㡣
ȻܵģоɽӦúЩϵܱ˷֣ܳʲô
Ϊɽ˽Ƚε㣬൱ĳɹȻʮֵʡ
ǣԼ䣬׵ó˹ġԴʾ
û˭׸ıԴĿֲˣˣ㵽һʱɫȻ˼䡣
ʦôˣ뵽ʲôˡ
ڲԹɫлȻѾܵ׵ı仯Ҳ͵һ
ֱ仯ʯΣʱֵһģһлȻҲһ˿õĸоˡ
ǣΪɽ֮еġҲҪȥ
һΣף֪ʵʵػ󷨶ѣΪ
ǵģ
ΪɽϢĻôĽƣͽǳԣǾҪ󷨳ǱʵˣУ
ڲϣܲüƷ󷨵лѰҲò̾ײٶȱܶ࣡
ҪһǣлѰôأᱻ˷֣ΪΪѲߣѾ£֪ˡ
û£ͳƺΪװɣʲôʦʦˣұС̫ࡣ׵˵
Ѿ²⵽εʵĿģѾ²⵽лѰ֪ĲֵϸҲ˵
лȻ˵ͷðɣףûĻЩȥѲشɡ
׵˵ͷմһǿֱӹᴩԪԪ֮С
ˣ׼ãҪҴǹȥ
ӰˣֱӰһվڿռ϶ֻϢôĳأ
ȻˣǾԵĿֲǿ


380 1
˲ƣ׿ǲֵþȵġ
ǿվλ֮еķ϶ڿռݽĵطЩ𾪡
٣һֹ򣬾֤˵ʵǿֲ
˵һ㣬Ҫᵽռݵˡ
ռݣĿռݣԣʮֵܣµȲλĿռһƽ͵Ŀռ֮ĽڹһĶ
һ˫ṹεĿռ̳֮ıݣڣκοռκλ档
ۺڵǿߣ˿ռ䷨ʱ䷨˼֮󣬱ռһȵ֪ʹǵĹ书ӵ޵»£ֿռݵ˫ṹڲ˵ּܹεȽ㡣
䷽ʵȥ䣬һֻһִ㵵ӰĸоҪʱȫ˵εģϢûеĻô䡣
˵ۣһʵʮֵĸһ׵ı˷ֻǱɱ
Ҳˣ˲ûԨ۵ʮֵļɵ
ȫĵķȻԺ֮ڷٵ˼źܶ飬ǾĻҲȥΥ
ЩУԼ˵ĴڣγֲϣȻԼԸ󷨵Ҳ֪ûԼǿ߾Ͳһ㲻֮⡣
ܸ߰һֱλߵʹǶͨ˵̫⣬ھۼһЩ籾ɱߣҲԹ۵飬ˣȻԳ֮
׶ˣҲ˵һЩ˵ԲʵҲ˵ˡ
׻˼ŵʱʱռ͵һڣһɾ޴кȻһһɿ񱩵ݺݳ׵ģЩ⧲
ȫѪӿȻռѹ֮ʹݺݵıһ£ʹ˲ǡ۽ǵȶѪ˿
һ̣˱һɫɽһĵطͨɽ壬еֶѪɫģһֹĸо
΢Ϣһ£ȻкŭЩˣȻûÿռػԼǿᣬռѹѾԼɱˣˣȻܰߣ
պ֮ɫһţΪ˱Ƚ֮Ҳ䲻ɫȴûбֳκƣĵɱҲȫû¶
Ǻǿ󣬵òҪҵĵߣߣȻܺԨ۵ʵ൱ǱȰȴǲĲ٣ŭңպ޵
׵ģǾֻһۣĿȻһ죡
죬ǶûȥľȣȻԷĿģҪ׸ռ֮Ĩɱ
ģ
Ȼװ֪̣ȴ˲ˡ
һֺĹͬİԵͽгĸоţԼֽĸо˵ĸоֻ²ã
뵽һ㣬׺Ȼ䷢Լǻã
ԴҪѲΧȴڽ֮⵽ż⵽ĳЩǿߵƣ
Ƥһ£װƽʵģûʲôĻһ㣬ȵɵɵĿܡ
ʱȴˣѪɭˣǶ˫½ˣҺ;λˣǵбȵȣҪעһ㣡
˵꣬Ȼ󾯸Ƶ˵ҾǣʵµıӣʱҺˣ
˵꣬˶ʱǰȴӺͨˡ
֪ⲢʵòԣҲνˡ
ˣǷһ߼Ѳ߷ֵܣֱΪС紫
˾۷Բǿߣ˿ռ䷨򡪡磬Ϳʼռ䷨򣬵۾磬ſʼʱ䷨򣬶һ磬ֻе˺ڣνķ
ֵܣڿռ䷨򣬶ĺܲˣѾУǿſռ䷨ǿ
ǰֵܸ󣬶ˣȴ
Ѫɭ֣ʮֵĿֲҸоҲͬˣ׵һ·߹ȴǳͨ衣
Ѫɭ֮һпƺʮֵƽֻƽ׵Ŀ⿴ȻЩͷˡ
ǣô򵥵ĵǰˣȻûע⣿
һ˿ɻһţɫĸߵлȻҲû̫˼ɡ
Ҫʱֻмˣ
еɻ֮ǰŭһ£ĬĬǰš
ۿͿҪ˫½ĵˣΪѪɭ־ͷ֡
ǰɭ֮⣬һƬѪɫɫĵص㣬Ϊûź˶ϷΨһѪɭ֣һ
ĵطȫǺͺӣ׺ĺѪɭһӵİȫ
ߵȻ䣬վˣǰС
ƺ뵽ʲôȻ˵»Щ仯˺ͷֵȥ˾͵ͨѲģֱӴ룬̽·
ԹԵ˵ţ˿û˵̬ȣƺǾǻʵۣǾ˸ô׵˾͵ôһ
кŭΣյĹУԶ˵ľҲЩѽͲɣȻû˵ʲôʵã
׺ܲϲָṳ̋Σվصĸоָо֪ǻƫƫҪĸоָоܲܡ
֪ΪΣŷֵܸžֵܳǰȥȻشʧٴεһ˿õĸо
ָоȻǿҡ
ʱлȻҪ˵һʱëһסлȻȻʧԭأ
ݡ
лȻֻǰĻȻ仯ʱȣѯʲôֻоռȻ¡¡ת
ʵϣȴǺȻʱ֮еúõ󷨣ʱ֮е󷨣ΪӦµһж׼ġ
£׸оΣգֱӵĽлȻ˴ʱ֮С
лȻ֮УѾԻˣȻܲ²⵽һǿ󵽱̬Ŀռ䷨֮С
ʱ׽Ѿ׼õ󷨣ͨʱ
ΪʱΪһǧ濴ʧ֮ȴֱӽһ֮У󷨣ȴ׻֮ɵ󷨡
һ̣״лȻֱӵĳʱ֮С
һ͵תֶΣ׿һģһ󷨣ûκ˵ĻɣϾӳԾһ󷨳֣һ˵Ḷ́
ôˣлȻҲɵʶΣա
ףѾһ˵ĴУ¾Ϊʯյ·ϾĶǵ̵Եˡ
ֵܣ군ˣ׳
Ȼѣ˵һпʵҲΪ
ֵܣڣѾǷѲһмˣȻۣ˵ʵȻǰ˼֣Ҳһǿ֮
ˣȻ
лȻЩŵλǰڣôô׾͡
ߣȻشԣ
лȻмͣǵлȻûпڣȻΪֱ̫ˡ
㡪лȻȻʱǺˣϵŭƺ˼ɱ
ȴǶ׺Ȼô˺Ƿ߿ҲĲˡ
ѾͶѲһѵûзôˣ׵˵
лȻһȻǱ׵Ļȫסˡ
⣬ⲻܣлȻǷ˵ô޷ţ͵ľλǰȻͶѲһ
лȻı飬϶жϣ
£Ȼ£ͱϿģȫĲͬսҪˣи̾


381 2
ΪлȻŮˣ׶ȻƣΪлѰŲӡײѹеķ꣬ϤĵĽ
ܣûʲôܵģҪȻҲԴѶѯһ·ֵܵѲѫ£û飿
׵˵
ʱлȻǻָ˼ǣ㼴̴ѶлѰ֮УȻǿԲٿһЩģΪûн붫˫½أѶǿġ
Ƭ֮лȻɫʱѾ԰ΪµõϢǾǷֵܣ֮ǰȻȫѲѫ֮ϣŷֵܵӡǣһӡʧӦѲѫ£ʧȥЧԶĻըѿ
ҲǷѲ߶һȥΪֱӶЧжϷ
Ƭ̣˴Ѷ֮лȻɫʮֵĲ԰ףƺγܵĴʮֵء
ͬģлѰлȻ˵ĵǣҲʮֵڽܵлȻĴѶ֮ŷ˲١
ʱлѰȴĽյ׵ĴѶ
лѲأͱˣһľ֣ѾΪѲһˣǱŮΪնɱķţ˵
лȻģػֲ֪¶Ӧûʲô󰭡
׵ĽͣԼƷʵȣʹлѰֱӵѡţʵϣӷֵ֮ܳлѰ͸оЩԾˡ

Ԥ֮зţлȻػ֮УȻЩĶǣǼ׵ȻվһߣȻ˼֣Ҳ˲١
Ƭ̣ѹȻ併˲٣׵֮ǰһƬطʱһĲı仯ǺȻܵεĻĻ𹥻һ
䣡һռݶѾǿըرΣеǷѹȵıըľ죡
׿һУж˿ԼĲ²ȫûдһǡǡԼȷʵˡ
󷨣ȻȻƬ󷨿ռʱ֮У󷨵ӰڣȫûблȻŮ
Ͼϣ֮УֻҪһԻЧлȻˣɱŪڹ֮䡣
ȴûбֳʲôȻô
棬˵֮⣬׵˲Χһ֮˼պ֮
лȻˣ
ǻǵ͹Сӵʵ󷨴ʦʵͬСɣ
˵˿ûӹԼлȻĶĿ
лȻ˴ҳһֻ֮Уʱܱ֣˲òš
׿ƵȴҲЩɵˣʵȷʵʮ˵ãңؼߣһˡ
ˣʶϳԨۣ
ˣȻߵһ
ˣȻûƵԷ˵£ѾعˣҲνˣʽ䵱ҵ£һ㣬ֻҲסˣ
ɽϢȻٵģɽ飬ȴʵģǸŮˣȻҵ֪ܵһƬ½ȥˣǶ˼ӽɣлѰȼۣҲ˻ٴξۺһٽ
ǣˣȥ죡ԣʱʧ
Ԩۣ˿ܣҲһӰ򶫷ʧ
лȻ˿մҪ˵ʲô׾ʾлȻһϽסҪȥȻٴεݷ
ð죬ֱӾȻֳɭִ֮䣬ȴǵһ˻ԼлȻߴȴȻûзʲô
лȻŮŵˣǾûз׵ˣȻٴεʧˡ
һΣʱٹȥ˽ʱӰҲûгֹײȻ˼֡
лȻҲͬ˿ʱѾֱƳʱ棬һлȻҲûзʲôʵϣڵĿռʱȴЩĲЭĸо
лȻȻûɻʲôʹ˲١
һξȻ뿪ˣˣȥѰ˵ټȥˡ
νɽϢҲȻǰ״һ㣬Ҳ֮С
Ͼɽ飬ˣ֪οԨ۵ˣ
Ӿ˵ķӦ֮ǰûй¶ݣ˺Ԩ۵ĹϵҲʮˡ
Ȼ֪ЩߺûʣǾˣʵͶжԵӰ죬Ҳȷʵܴˡ
ң˱зߵݵĶһ˹Ȼ룬ڷߵĴνǷǳġ
ССƬ֮лȻҲû˼ٽ붫˫½ˣϾΣأŪлѰ군սʹˡ
ףǸô죿лȻʵ
һлȻΪģȻлȻߣлȻôͻô
ԣ˼һǸϽ뿪ǻ˵ȽľѶ˵
лȻ˵ͷٴδѶȥˡ

Ѫ½ѪɭֶѪ½Ϸ۵طΧ
ۣȻĴ֮Ϊ͵һҲϲʲôͷۣʵȴ֮ǿߡ
Ȼ֪ˣ֪֮࣬һ㣬ҲΪԭ
Դӽʱ֮󣬱ѶֻҪҪʱ֮кһϳ֡
ҪһֱûᣬڣȽʲôĻѪɭ֣׶߳ȥˡ
֪ˣûѪɭֵļӣΪ±͸©Ź졣
ңΪԼƣ۵ļƻʹ˱϶Ѿ뿪ʵϻ˸߶ȵľ裬ʹܲ²⵽ھ棬ɱԼҲΪҪ
ķչûг׵ļ㣬Ȼûлɽ״̬˵֮ףҲѾ㹻Ӧǰı仯ˡ
õİ취ĪʹõһΣյв
ܣǷ֮󲻾ã֮ԱҲô࣬׸Ų飬Ҳܲѯ˺Լͬһʱ֮ڡ
ڣѲ֮ȨƲûʧǲĵʿȥ£ܿɲҪĺ䶯
õİ취ץʱ䣬ɱ
Ȼ˾вԣʵ̫Լıܵжϣ룬ֱӽԪʱȻ
Ҫİɱͽ׳˵
һֱ쳹ʱ֮С
Ѿ˺˼Ϊǲڵġ
һ̣Ѿ׵ߡ
ģѾ֪ˣˣȷʵǴ󻼣û뵽СӣȻܱQʵЦһȻʶġ
м־ȣЦЦ¶һ־˵յҴӦߣǻ۵ˣһˡ˵㲻Ҫʲô˵ҺûйϵϾ磬ǿߣǺܶģ
㲻Ǹǿ߷ôΨһһֵǾʵ
ЦôõĲѾ׵һ֮⻹Ĺָ˵ǿӦں㲻صġ
˵꣬ʧˣȴЦЦ
Ѫɭ֣ΣհǿҪСˣ
뵽ʱ򣬰ȻֳǰҪԨһͬɵɣҲڸ
һ㵣а𣿡
ЦЦصĵ㷴ǿԹսģʱ֪ˣģɱ˺ˣһ󣡡
׵ãͶְɣ


382 䣨1
ȻҪ֣Ȼ˷ܣ£׶ԣôȻࡣ
ĵ棬׶ڰʵǺŵģһʱڵۣÿһ۶ǿһǿߴ֮ЩǿߵĴ𽥵ıûһһ㣬׵ĸдǺġ
ҡһѣΪڰУȫһѶϢǾǶԨ۵˵ӡһַԱܵƲĸо
ײûпʲôûдӰƽ侲Ŀ֮пκһѶϢʵϣĸоѾܵһ㡣
ָоᣬҲǴӲλĺô֮һˡ
ȫԼָо
ףԨ۵ĴֵʵǺԶҪĴ½Ĵ֣Ҫһǧеʱϡ
һǧУǿ۵˵УʵҪӡ
ʵϵ𺳣ʵʵӦñҪǿ󼸷֣֮ǰһֱûг֣ΪɵǷӡǵǿߡ
񣬰õķܿ϶ᱻǿ߷֣Ҳ˵Ѿ߱˿ٶɱ˵Ҳѹ
µģ
ܷĳ֣׶ȻôõĻᣬȻͷӦʣΪھˣԨˣ׼ֱʮֵʹޣ˸ʲô
ɽȻûֳ̫󶯾ţ˾ԺпܴеɽϾ˲ɽġӡ
ȻɽûΣȴһĳ̶ֳ𽥵ֳ
˼ţԱߣлȻȴȻһ֪Ϊĳ֣ûκεı仯лȻʵҲ޴֪

ȷʵûԶΪףΪлȻ
УȻʲôżƷ󷨣ȴβƵġ
˵ʵԸףҲ㹻ģлȻûиץסлѰĻҪлѰһɱƻĻѶȴǴ̫ࡣ
һЩʵİϷھ˶ԣΪʱѱڶԸ׵˵ʱʵѾ˺ܺõļƻˡ
Ȼ㲻ϼƻΪƻıʵġ
ԴӾͶѲһ֮УڷߵѾȫ϶ˡ
˵Уûκεĳ·ģⲻֻڷĵλûκεϣ˶Ԩʵһε֪£ȻҲһġ
һսԨۺȻ䱬ʵѾȫۣʱԨۺȻ䱬ǿƣʹþȻ׵һ£ǾǣԨۣĺǿĻʮֵ
ܹµʱͬʱñΪ˲رǿˣµģ
Ԩڶ˫½ϣȲ̫ãʵҲֻϵĵһѣʵԨ۵ʵ̫ǿᣬʹԨ۵Ǳ䣬ԵʮֵҪ
˲ɵϣϸ˵˺ԲǶøôȥѡ
ڵʱһɲǣѡԨͶ
ΪһߣһѲߣǾżѲߣһǷһ뾫֧ѲһͶʱģǷһ
ʵϣˣҪصĶ࣡
Ͻķ֮£ʵԽǿ󣬶Կ߷Խɡ
ʵľľ룬ǲͬնģ
һǰڵڵʱ˵ڵǿܽǰڵǣĥʵϣǰڵǿߣһʱ䷨˲ĨɱڵǿߣԲʲô⣡
Ȼ㹦Ȼۡ
Ϊˣѡ˸ԨۣϾԨûʲôʵĻΪʲôĴ֮УԨܳ䵱˫½ĵ۾ûκ飿½۶˳ĬҲĬϣ
˱ȰԶΪǶ˼ͷΪ۽ĹϵЩ󱲵۵ˣһӡһֱܵӡ
Ƚ࣬һЩȺһǱܶģʱЩ˱˿֪ġ
һΣϢȻȻľͳ˾˵ߡ
һǳɫװȵΣʮֵǿǸģȫɢĵǿߵϢ˿̴ռλԺǿķ϶֮УҲԽֱʵȫ䡣
ųơȻǵȻʵϱ֮˺ܶ࣬ǶĸӦȴΪǿҡ
ˣһ֣ѾӦǿߵĵ
ԭվһ𣬺Ȼ䣬͵һͬȻ䱬һһȻǰʮĹľ֮䡣
ɫĹľϣɫľһ˳εġ֡
ʱھĶֵһɲǣҲˣ
ͬʱģȻ˾ǰȻͬĹĶǿǷ򡪡ռȻķӡ
ʱ䷨򡪡ʱ侲ֹǿ֮ҪõķֶΣ
Ȼÿ۱Ҫһķ򣬵ҪΪǿһ֮еǿߣôʱ䷨Ǳģֻÿ˸ʱ䷨ķͬԲʹֳʵͬ
ϳ֣˼ȷ˵ʵȻҲӹɵģԾֵʱ˲ʹԼǿʱ䷨򡪡ʱ侲ֹռȫ
ʱ侲ֹУֳǿռ䶳ᣬЩռ䷨ʱ䷨ϵİ⣬ʵϣ߽ϣȴųԶľ롣
ʱշں֮Ǳľˡ
ʵϣ˿ȷʵˣȻ˾ע⣬ǲû⡣
ʵʮֵţһ̬ģϾǸӡ֮⣬ԼʵӦòκ˲٣
һ뷨˵ע⣬˵ֶοʮֵϣҲֻǶһЧѣڰʱ侲ֹ򣬻ϲɺܴţ
أռ͵һ鴤һ˺Ȼ䷸һĿ£ǿռŤ
һεѹȻɢ˳Ȼˡ
˺ܿ콻սһ
׵Ұ֮У˵ľ𽥵ĳ˳Զһ㶼Զ׸塣
ǵģ壬ֻĲӰĲӰ㶼
ʲôԼľͼһӰȻռ֮вϵ˸ѪɫѪ
ߣ
ƺߵȻʱ򣬰üһ壬Ӱ˲ĳ׵ǰԶȻ󣬾ĵȻ˿С
ء
мɣԭǿ缫Ʒķɵȫˣ
ǿޱȵ̣Ȼ׵űʵĲͬͬģ
ĵʵĴ󵶣ˡ
Ȼ֮е壬ȻȻӣʧΡ
˫Ŀֲ֮˼Ŀ⣬ͬĿʼѣȻʧ
һ˫Ŀ˫ۣ׵Ϊ
΢΢̾Ϣһû˵ʲô
лȻ淢һУǾ֮ɫбϧ
һĶ˷ֻһˣ
лȻһüͷȻĬĬ̾Ϣһû˵
ʵϣ˵ʲôûʲô塣
лȻߣĬĬķлȻݵĸ첲˫һֱıǿС
ֻͬʱ־ñǷһı

ȳһѪԶĿö˼
Ԩɣ촽˵ĳУ˿Ѿ˳ȥ


383 䣨2
ǿǣҲȻ˰УȻԼҲЩ΢ˡ
̳ĲԼƵļʱ䣬ȴǶ˲١
Ϊ˾ӣͬʱҲðʶ飬ԶԶҪӵĶࡣ
ԨۣģӦҪǿ̫࣡
ĿѪ˿ȻǾĶգĿóҶ䡣
ߣ
һߴ֮д漴һ׶û뵽ˣ֮С
ʵϣԨӦûǺϤģ񿴵Ԩģʱ׺Ȼһһ￴һĴ㵵ĸо
ʱԨۣһʶĸоָоȴǼ˻ѵУǷŭ˵ǳޣ
ǰһμԨۣĴ۾̬ǰʵϲĴʵòȴǲͬԨ۴˿ֳ̱ģʵģΪʵģзһ˿Ĳ
Ԩۣһ˳ǿޱȵĸоͺһж֮һ
Ԩʮǿ󣬶Һǹ죬дɱУ״
ţѾоˣһа취Ҫʱһᶯʱģ
֮еѵõ˼ͣ͸ȴǸо˰ƺѾ˾⣡
ʲôǿİûսͲ˾⣿
׵Ĵ˲ٵתţȻ䣬͵һ漴뵽ˣԼ￴Ԩˣ
뵽һ㣬׵ͬʱҲ¶˵ǺΣ
ǵģԨ۵ģϸ˵ӦǺĹʯԿŵһˣһƺ۵ˣ
ΪۣԨ֮׵
Ԩǿ
ȻҲһ㣬ΪǷӡǿߣûκλʤʵ
ǰȴǴԨпһʾǷӡǿߣӦòʶԼ
һ㣬ѾжǷӡǿߣԨйϵǲͬһˣ
뵽һ㣬Ҳ뵽ˡ
һУȻֻɲǼ䣡
Ȼ󣬰Ԩۿսˣ
һսľʣѾ޷ˣΪʵϵĲ̫ԣ׸ʲô
ռĺѣը˷Ѫɭ֣ѾĲĿǺܿϧǣ˵սȻڼ
Ȼ͵һ٣Ȼ͵ĵ˳ȥͬߵķһѪˣɫҰһƬ
ĽѾԤ֮ˣϾþ˳ۣԲֳֻͬǰʵ
̾һ֪һ군ôȥģһԼһȺˡ
ȻǣԨԺܽ˿ʵòʵʵ
ߣȥɣԨüжʱ˸һƬɫĹââ֮ɫĵ绡ɫĻ档
Ԩ˵ţѾȻ˵ɳȥİߣȻȭŲãɫ绡ͽɫĻ棬ȫĶк˰ϡ
εı۾
۶ѣرԨˣʱҲܱԷģر˹컯֮£Ԩ޷ƻʱԼһˣҲûʱʱҲһ
һΣˣ
Ԥ֮еİԪ𵤱ըûд˽ӴһɲǣѾʧˡ
һΣ׵ǿĺɫ绡ڰߵʱ򣬰Ѿʧˡ
ȻԨۺȻ͵ͷʱ䷨򡪡ʱ侲ֹʱ䵹߽ϣΣȴƺ֮бסһ޷
ֳˣһΣֳʱȻ͵ʱı̬
Ѿʱ˳ʱ֧ȨΪⷨǿƣ̶ӵʹȨ԰ʸʹⷨġ
Ԩû뵽㾹Ǻͷӡйϵߣû뵽ЦģҧгݣҪݺݵĥԨһ
㣬ǾȻˣԨɫʮߣҲãɣ
˵գԨҪٴγ֣漴ƺҪѶһǺȻ䣬ɫʮֵѿ
ѶʧܣҲʧӰ
ҲѾ뵽ǲû֡
֮елȻȴû˵ʲôǰԶսҲֻܹ۲쵽һӰѡ
ˣҲˣԨۺǿ󣬵Ůӣȴǿ
Ȼ֮УŮѾˣãŮһɱԨۣ

ˣǺ׵ģΪʱȻԨ۵Ǿ޴ĺڶһĴڣ˸ź˵ڤĹΣ˲
۶ԿֻۣҪ̫ǿķһ浹ľƣ
ɷϣԨۺǿʵĻҲȰ٣԰ʱһжǰ״
ɫĺڶĹһֻҰޣ˲佫ԨƣȻһȥ
̣ǾĶǣľҲһɲǶѣԨۣѾˡ
Ԩ۱ҵ˻ԪĸоëȻġ
ʱͬһСŷ˻˰С
֣ȻڲƺǼ
֪Ϊ˳һУ֮ѾЩˡ
ۡ
Ȼһ̣һѪȻֱͦͦĵ˵ϡ
һѪ֮󣬰ʧˣʱҲʧˡ
һ׵ϣȻʧ
˿棬лȻһֱû˵ȴʱʹҪѪɭ޳Ⱥǿߣǲô⡣
˵ҲʵҪҪ˽˵˽ƷԪǷá
ѾһԪˣԼû뵽Ԩ۾Ȼôǿ
ţİɡЦ˵˵лȻ֣һȥ
ѪɭȻΣգ׵÷ΧзԲ״СǲԵӵ󷨿ռԳһ壬ռ䱻չ˲С
˸۷һӰԴưں֮ԪֱӵĶʱ֮С
ʱ򣬰ƱҪü֣׵ļƷԪ£ָֻ˲٣ⵤҩǿߣЧѾôˣȻðǸм
һɫսѾѪȾ͸֮¶һ˵ĽۣѪɫؼЩⷭΡ
Ǹû뵽ԨȻǷӡߵˣĿ֮һ˿ʧ䣬ƺεˣ󣬶Ϊӡߵĳ֣Ȼϣã
Ҫģ²ûôӣѾþżƷˣֻҪþżƷ󷨣ҾаսĹأǶͷų׿ο
мֱ࣬ϾҲǸŮˣκŮҲʱ
ƣոջָ˼ʵԲɳ˼
лл㡭ʱȻǿ󣬵ǵʵⷨסӡߣΪ˱ҹζ࣬ԨҪѸٵĨɱն˵
ȷʵˣԴ
գ˲ʱһ㣬Ȼɷ˵ֱֲɱ׻ٹ⣬ֱӽԨ۵ԪĨɱ
䣡ͬһ㣬Ԩ۵ԪڿҪĨɱ֮ǰͱը
Ȼ磬ȻһĴ½ĺλȻ亣ˮڣг֣ͬʱɽϢʮŨҵ˳
ʱеǿ߶ˣɽˣ


384 
ͬһʱ̺Ȼ׵ʲôʮֵ𾪡
Ԩ۵ԪһɽȻˣ
Ȼ䣬뵽ɽ˵ĻϣлĻɱԨ£¿ԭɽѾ˵ɽ䣬ֻΪԼ˲û뵽һѣ
ңһ㿴ɽԨԪ½ƣǣ֮Ľʵǿ
Ǹ׵һᣬֻǱɱԨ֮һֱ꣬ɽȷʵѾˡ
ɽǰɺǾһ㣬ȫܶ϶ɽֻǷǳĲˡ
̾һ˿ףŵԨʱ˵һ仰˵ҵѪǲŹǵģȻѪӦþǷӡǿߣֵĴˣ
׻һû˵
ʵϣ˵˵ʲôأ
ɽϢѾҪˣԨˣѪԼݶԣҲɽĺʲô
ԨˣɽҲˣҲöˣһжˡ
ȴ֪ΪΣЩͳûɵĲá
˵仰ʱʧȥˣףڳʱ֮Ȼţð춼ûж
ǳǿߵĺˣʱ֮ǲ쿴֮ĶȻǲֵܷġ
ѪӦڱչأȻʱ䷢֣һ㣬Ҳ޿֣ļ˵ٱ¶ڶԿɱۺǿߡǳǿߣκ˶š
лȻؼ𶯣ľþö֪˵ʱҲĪ֮˳
߰ɣǻȥ׵˵
лȻ˵ͷʱ׵֮⣬лѰȻˣȻ׵˸ֱ֮߳һ˲ƣ˲ƻǡ
ʱѾʮ֣յͣӳǡ
Ϧ޺ãֻǽƻ裬ǱһѪɫм
ϴ׵լԺǰжܶˣĽĿ׵լԺ
׻֮󣬲֪ľǧѾŽлѰŵˣլԺԵʮֵĿռš
ʱҲԥֱӴʱ֮н˼ͷ˳
ھ㵵˵˾˼ǷլԺQ׵ģٴεů
ɽˣӡѪҲˣԨҲˡһУʾһµĿ籩꣬١
ɽðȸֶɫ䣬֪һʲô
ʱȻʮֱ̬ȴҲ̫ӣı̬ȣ׵ɽһֵĶ
ʱ׺ȻҲףΪʲôɽûнɽˣΪû㹻ʵǻˣ
һɱԨɽ뷨Ԩ۶ɱܵõɽˡ
һпƹ죬ʵ֮ȴѾǣһˡ
ܺԨԵȷʵʮ˵ãи̾ţˣķΣ˵ܰůĸо
ǰֹԼʲô£
ֻҪԼ˶ԼĺҸ֣ⱾһҸˣ
Լִ̫ˣ
ͨ͸ˣʱ˵ʱҲˡ
һʱ䣬˼˵ĳ˳ȥȥεˡ
ʵ˼Ѿѧ˰䷽ϢѾȫҲȫĲˡ
ǲɽ飬ҲȻ̫ġ
˼ûй׵һʱ䣬ڽȶ˵ػľ磬˼ʵȻȲԭףҲ˶ˡ
ʵѾлȻĶˣĲˡ
С̬ʮֵɣױȥ֣ҵ׼˶˼Ǭָ棬ö٣Ҳĳʲô£թ֮ģǲᷢġ

׸磬ɽˣҪȥ𣿡̧ףﲨת顣
˶ɽ֣۳֣ȥֻ·һǽҵõɽΣǲסУҲԵ徲¼š׺˵
˳˼һ£׸磬ҸоõȥĻ߳ɵİնȡɽģЩûɽεĵͼ߲ɽڲġ
壿΢΢һ漴뵽Լ輫ֻȷʵһĿԣҴ˵Ļ֪ɽڲĺĵͼġ
˶ô֪ɽڲ󷨼Σеͼģѵɽģ
Ӧǰɣأɽ㴫ڸȫʱҼ̫ܲԨһҲŷ֣ЩȫˣֻʱסҵԺ֮Уܵ˻Ե˺ֻҪԪ˲󣬶˲޸
УɽҪǷĹȻֻĿռ䷨ȴǽȷںϣʮֵǿ

ЩҲԨ󣬲𽥵ĴԺ֮ԳģУȻҲɽεĵͼ
׸磬о仰˶˵
׺˿ʼԽ֮ȴתΪϵĴ
׵͵һ˶֪ɽʲô
˵˵ͷЩϢûдĻ׸磬ɽΪĶĳˣ
磬ϸ˵ȷʵӦò򣬵ＫطϽ򣬲ԵøӵĿ񱩺;лԣʵɽĻ򣬾ķ֮һֻʵ΢ó˲סⷽĹԣֻºúܶǿ֪ȻɽԨ
͵һ𾪣ʵǺܴ
ǵģＫط磬ϽҲһ׾ϽķϽķ򣬲Ż档
淨򣬾;ĻǶӦҲν
׵ģþõĲƽһΪǴȵŷ֣ǴģȴǴģǴڵģ
Ҳ˾Եĸˣ
˶˵ɽ֮ĸ򷽷Ӧĵ򣿡׾
˴ţӦȻ׸Ϊɽһô𣿶ɽʮЩܵõУȻ˷񣡡
׵˵ͷȻˣȿ˵ɣЩˣԶԶû˶ڷĿ֮еĵλҪ˵ˣɽȷʵҲʮһ;ʵķԨ۵ǿߣҲֻܹܴɣʱɣ
ţ˶ġ
Ŀ׵ĻУΥůʵţһƬůҸ

ԼҵլԺ˼оԼͬһڣò֡
ڽϣ֯¥۴αȣ¡
ɫϦյϵȣ˼Ļο
˼Ȼ䣬¥㷴֮УһŮͬŮһ˼͵Ĵһ¡
٣ϣӿĳ죬ЩĸоȥŮӵڶۡ
ףҸҪȥ㣬ߣҵ¡
ӻڣʱѾȥ˽һʱлȻѾ׷ֿ
˼ͷԵģһδȶ֪ʱлȻȥˣߵʱ򣬻һֱɵɵĿлȻıӰ
ϢлȻҲûз˼ʵΪ˼սףǷģʽҸƳ̶оŷ֣лȻҲΪ֣
ߣ˼ͬĽƣʵҲǲġ


385 丸
ͬľѪɭֵѹأˣټʶ׵лȻ׺ǿá
ָоŶӵ֪ĸı䣬Ҳֳĸо˶Դ׵ʱرעȥ׵˫ۣˣʹ˼ϡͿľ͸лȻлȻҲûо쳣Ѳߵӡǣûע⡣
ǵѲش˼ԣʮֵģȻκζ˼˵ʮֵ档
˼ĸлȻ󣬶Ѿȴǲʱͷ˼¶ɻģ
üͷɻģѿסǺܻɵġ
ΪѾߣлȻСû˵ǲ˵ģֻǻ᲻ʱĻͷһס
ȻױԼƣҲʹѾ߲ȥɡ
лȻعͷĿһۣˡ겻ᡯЦĪǴĶˣĿûأ
ʱͨ죬Ȼ˵ʲôأֻǾЩֶ
лȻݸһЦûж˵֣ʲôֵġ
ûзϡ
ܿ죬˼лȻѲߴڲʱлѰҲѾȺʱˡ
Ȼ˲ֱӼף˲ƣ磬ҲأҪ£һлѰҲô
˲Ʋ·̵ĳ̶ģһֿռ䷨·̳̣Ӱ첻̫󣬷ķ棬޼
ףɽ飬Ѿ֪ˣ£Ҫ㡪㲻ף˭
лѰҴҵ˵ȻȫûѲߵӡǣ˵ɫ䣬ǳ
лѰ˿Ѿʮֽ䱸˼һ˵ԭἴ̳֣ϾѲڲһ˿Խ롣
˼ʶƣѾǴ󾪣ûʲôˣ̬Ǻܺã亹
ҵ˼ҵĺҸ߳ŲԶλкҾߡһʱ䱻òԺͿľ͸ˡ
˼µ˵ţ亹ѾһƬˣΪлѰżѲۺڵǿߵѹʵ̫Ӵֲ̫ˡ
лѰ΢΢һ㶣ԭˣƺδ˵׻ôһλʲô֤
лѰѾ²⵽˼Ӧû˵ѣֻǿƺԼŮûʲôȤ˼׺ܶ෽ŵ㣬ѵõϲԼŮ
ϼһ˼õĺܹȴ˼ֲ֪ġ
ҡҡ˼µģ֪ô֤Լݡ
שͷлȻʱۼлȻһ˿ʧ֮ɫȻ䣬˼Ѫӿ
ǰƽյĽ̵ôأ費һԼôأ
ˣԼһŮӸˣᣬˡ
˼һͷԵѪ꣬ûʲô꣬Ҳûмʲô̬ģֻΪлȻеʧģ֪лȻֻΪӺͺʧӵʵģһͲ
ȻΪҴˣôԵˡ
˼÷ֻɵͷɵԵ뵱ȻΪԼǵŮӿˣ˺ǳ嶯ĵңҵȻ֤ҵĺߣǱƲңҲǿģ
ͬʿһģʱʹѾͷһЦˣлѰҲЦЦȻû̫ĺɫ롣
꣬ʱ䲢̬һû꣬Ѫ嶯Ǵ派ӣĺŮǱһЩթĻͷҪǿ̫ࡣ
ŮһѵŮҲûн٣ԻʮкøУײɣ˼ã
ʵ棬лѰʵȻѿ˼Ѿ׾󲿷ֵʵνĲѣ춯أ
лѰ뷨ȻлȻ뷨ȴЩˣΨб֮ԿЦ
̬棬ȻҪ˼ܶ࣬˼һлȻһĴУǼ뺩嶯ĸԣĸоҲΪ򶯶˼
ָо˵ǾԵĲ˼׶γɵĸо
Ϊ˼лȻȻĶĸоҪǿҼ֡
лȻţһ˫Ŀɵ˼ϣʱ˼ҲԵؽ״̬ĵػ꽣ֱ̬֣ӻһɽȻֻԪ񻯽巽棬˼û׵ǿȻѪԣ˼ȻǵûнҲǽɣʱ̣й¶
ȻˣǴ˿ΪԪ񻯽ֳնĸоȻлѰһ
оº׸ǵĸо̫ˣ
ҪǣлѰлȻˣڴ˿˼һ˫۾˾⣡
ǵģ⣡
һ˫۾նû˿ĸ飬Ѫ
һ˫ͬڤڤ֮һֻеۼʱлѰ˲֪ˣԶԶıҪǿ̫̫࣬࣡
ʵ棬Ѿӹɣݷ棬˵
״̬˼ȫһּ˵״̬״̬侲򶨣ҲлȻʱûһ˿
ơʵת䣬˵ԣ
˼侲ƽлȻû˵
лȻȴֱ˼˫ۣҲͬһʱ뵽ףʯߵʱ򣬴ŵģ·ŵ˼ɣ
񣬶һŮӡһû鰮ŮӶԣʮǿģ
лȻǵĻ¾ûڵ˼ûˣΪĻлȻصĸˡ
ڣлȻ˼ͬ齣һȻ䣬ȫıˡ
УҲ޷ĥΰӵӰ
ʵҲ࣬лȻǿ˼Ĵ̣

˼״̬侲ͬһԣڷٵһУȻлȻлѰ˵˼Ҳ
ĸоȻˬ죬ϸ˵˼ȴԣָоһһĳУΪֻǿŹƸԵĻôһУͲԼĹˣӦԼĵ׵Ĺͣ
û⽣˼ʲôǡ
𽥵Ĵӽؽ״̬˻˼΢΢ЩɥҲŷлȻĵ⡣
лȻòԲѷɫˣ˸˼ĸоһͻݶΰĸס

лѰ˼ĺ⣬ңͨʵı֣лѰҲлȻıˣĻο
һһҲڿ̹Ȼһ
ЩգȴǱ˼׽ˡ
лѰʱȴǹЦãã˼ܺãĶ⺢ԺͶչһЩˣһκţһᾡȫ֤ƽ
лȻԣĿ죬ƺ뵽ʲôһ㣬
лѰЦЦĶģµģɽĳ֣ǷһλˣңҲȫΪ˷һҲЩ˽ϣԺȶгٲǱԭ̤
лȻû˵лѰȴûٶ˵ʲôº˵˼һѲⶫɳѲߴˣĶȥ¡
лǰģڣû˺Ȼģ˼ն˵Ŀʮֵļ㡣
лѰ˵ͷֱӵڵլԺ
˿̣˱Ƚ̸ܵŻ֪лѰĵ
˼⺢֪ܵȥˣĪҪǣǿɲá˵ǵ˵
İɣղҲ̽һ£⺢лȻȥˣǴĵˣ׺ǺЦ
һۣû
͵˵ĿɲûǸ߰ŮһͱǺŪˣ丸ӣװףǺ˵ã
лѰЦųϵߣˣʱĿɿڴ


386 ӡߡѪ1
лѰƺ⿴㾪㵵ģ˹Ц֮УȴǴżдѵĸо
ȷʵô֮ŮҵһֵиˣҲİӣȻиˣ
лѰǼʶԶ˶˼˶ãǴ˼״̬Ʋ֣ңһ㣬лѰſ˼ǰ;Ҳʮֵ⡣
ҪǣױһǱʮ־޴Ȼ֪ײϲлȻʱлѰЩʧ£ʧּ̱˸ˡ
׿лȻǸ˵ӣȻû뵽˼͡
Ͼ׷ŮӿǺͬģлȻ̬ο˼ֳé®ĻСأ
ĪΪԼײò뵽ȻЩĸоΪһĻôлȻ˼⺢䵱ԼĻǲ޳µģ
׵뷨лѰȻ뵽ˣЦЦ͵ܰĺˣ㺢Һ飬ðԾԵʵŮġ
˵ţлѰʵ˵˵ʱԣ˿Ҳû˵ʲô
˼Ȼ³ç棬֪ն񣬵Ҫʱ򣬻֪ػģһ뽣ֻ״̬ʧ֮ͬһķɽ
лѰ˵ױڷлȻɷϣһۼʱ׶ŮȷʵоԼѾˣҲѾ㹻ˣһСŮĹϵĲףٳлȻĻԼΡ
˼лȻߵһĻ׻ǺԸ⿴ģϾлѰһֵˣлȻҲ֮еô
ã˼⺢ҵķ緶׹Ц
˽Ŀһۣߣʲô緶أ׸ҪǸҲأҲ㡭
˴żִ˵ָо׾иУʱֻЩʵĸо
ţױлѰԼˣȻΪϸĽлѰȻ֮ǰ飬˱Ѿ֪ʶлѰ֮󣬴ұ㶼

͵ܣΣ绹Ҫæ裬֮ҪǿĶ࣬εɽ֣Ƿ߱ҪᵽȻǷֻ߱һ·ˣǾǡ
лѰʱų˼ֵ˵ԣһ˿ãȻ
ײһ԰ܵˣ£ɽױһ綼ûпԽˣǿĳ۲ɣ
ˣײԳãȻͺñ֪ɽлȴƫɽһ֪ȥ
ǣлѰ˵Ĳ׺γûأ
ΪɽǿĹĵãʮֱ̬ķʽһ˵õⶫںܶʱڣﵽǳܴﵽĸ߶ȣ
ɽɽΪȥôﵽۣʵӦþԲѪӡ߲٣
һ㣬ףǰˣʮֿ϶ģ
ǣɽԼһˣǰʵûмʤ㣡
һ㣬ɹʣֻв֮һָʣֻοЦ
лѰ׵ı飬ҲЩĬ
ǵģʵлѰҲ뵽ǿһף¶˵ı飬лѰҲֻοЦһ
ܽĻֺγһأؼǣ֪ȥʲôɣᶪȥ𣿡˵
лѰԣĬƬ̵Ȼȷʵ׽ϴ󣬵ȫĻֻҲмʤģӦһɵʤ㡣
лѰն˵ƺ㱩¶Լȫʵ
ʱһ磬㱩¶ʵѵ˾ûʵô磬ƾôۺڵǿߣʵж٣һ㣬û֪
ңѱǷӡѪ֣
ӡߣлѰɫ͵һ䣬Գ˺ܴ֮ɫ
׵ĵ˵ͷлѰٴεһĬ
Ǹô죿лѰʵ
׳Ƭ̣ʱȾ䣬ʱĻһЩҩȻŬһ£ȡʱڽʵȥԼı֤Ҫ༸֣
ãǾΣǻҪȥģܾ;ȻȻôһлѰ˵
׵˵ͷȻϾҪһĻƴˣЩҲõĲôף
Ŀǰ˵
ûилѰЩҪõɽ֮еĹȱҪܴĴۣûĵͼЩ˾Ծһ
û˵ȴлѰһһһֱǰǿ
ǿлѰ׵һ£Ȼʹѡ˴Ӧ
б޻ҪȥɽôҲҪһЩҩδȻ׵ģ
״ֶκ̬лѰҲûʲôûɵġ
лȻ˼ߵһ֮䣬Ӧ׽һûʲôûɵġ
ϾӹԼԿˣлѰּթƻ֮ˡ
һеľ飬ȻлѰת뿪ˡ
׺лѰӣȴһʱ䡣
һʱ䣬ҪƵҩҪʱ䷨ʱռС
⼸죬׶˼ûжҪС飬лȻһ𣬵˵⡣
΢΢С̫׵õ֪ϧ˺װԲ̽һ£ŷ
һЩмʱ㶨֮źʱ֮УʱҲüͷ壬Ȼһۡ
Ȼ˵ףҶüˮ˫̵ͦıӺʹŵ͡
Ľ뻳Уֲһ󷨣Ȼûһƴһ˯˴ϡ
ıˣ˫ĿĵĿ죬һƬ䡣
׸磬˵ʲô˵ɡ˵
΢΢ĳ£ҾίʵЩ죬˶ɽԨ֮ȴΪԨԪӡǣ
ɽȻиʱôʵȻǿ
һ㣬Ԩһɽͳˣ
ԨϵһԨһ´ң˫½Ʊػµ֮λͬʱɽ֣ʹǿ۷׷֮ͣ
һУʵ̫ɺϣҲ̫ˣģһıһıѾõı
ɣԣҲüһƣ˼ĵ
޷϶ڤڤ֮УƺмָӦƺѪӡߣߣǵһһƺƤ£׵˵
ԣȻ÷΢΢һ𣬲ֲĸоֻо˲ʧˡ
ɲǵĲ죬ȴǲûж׾տ˫ֻۣײûбֳʲôƺʲôûзһ
ţҲֻǲ²ˣӦòʲôģϾ̫ʲôɺ֮ģҲǲ˵ɽǿ飬Ҳö֪ĺܣһҲ˾ȵ飡
΢΢һЦº˵
ţȻˣֻȥɽǻеͼȴȻĲ㡭
ױһ£ЦģôԶ·Ƕ˹ʲôأ

Ⱥ˷ֿ֮˻լԺףȴʱռ֮С
ʱɫȴͬʱкش鷢֣
˿̣׿ŵˣֻаˣײţˣѾˣ
ֻ֣֮ǰһСһ㣬Ѿ㹻ˡ
ʱ׵ǰʱٴһ󷨣Ÿӵ


387 ӡߡѪ2
һʱѾȫĻָѵ״̬׺Ȼٻܿ׵ߡ
֮󣬰Եı˼֣һڶ⣬ͬǰһʢ˵ơ
ȻԨ飬ĴҲСϾºȴǲ㱻ѪɱκˣҲ뷨
ֻǼ򵥵Ĵһ۸ų㣬ҪæǸһ޴ܣ˵ֻǺһһһܵܣ
ûԳʲô֮ɫԲɵʲôܣǲǺɽйϵ
ԣ˵ͷ˵ӦǺѪӡйأҲȷԲ飡ĻôѰˣ
ԣɽһ֮ɫѪӡߣôˣ
ҳɣѪӡߣɽ˵ɽֻѪӡߵһݶѣն˵
˵״̬ܵɽĴУʵϣӦϱɽ˽ơһֿʱ׻ʱκһֽơ
ֽʮֵΣҲûκε֢״ͷŽƵϵκβǣƣȴͨˣġκζ
ɽǸŮˣǷӡӦǸӰɣɽôߣɽȴΪΣ
˲ʳ˲⡣
׳˼Ƭ̣Ա⣬Ѫӡʵǿ󣬸ıҲ㲻ʲôɽˣȻ׼ҲпѪӡߵһַѣߣ׳ĺôǽǿһ򾡣
ͬķ˺ܶ𰸣һǳΪпܵķȥ
ʵϣɽΪʲôøƴ̽Ϣ˵Լ⣿ײ֪ԭ
ѵɽó㣬֪Լǰ;ҪԼɱҡ֮У
ȻӦòңɽԨأһӦǧȷģѪȴӦúԨǧ˿Ƶϵ
ҪôųѪӡɽĹϵĻҲʵ̫ˣ
׳˼ţһķꡣ
һֱûô˵ȻҲסˡ
£ǣǳĽȥǵģĻô·ޱȵļѣ
ǣȴô̫Ըôһоǰ;ϢϢԣǻ
ȻҲòʮصȥһԣ޵ķʸ˶֧ˣֻ˵УµĿԳһ룡
Ѫӡ߼ٰɽô£Ҫʲô֪ʲôҪʲôҲ˼˵
ԣЦЦҲ̫𾪣ѪӡǵĻҲöˣҪɱǣʵܼ򵥣
ԣǸʲôʲôǲҪ̫ϵ׶¶˾ͺã
ңѪӡߣ˵ɽǲѪӡһֻ⻹ö֪ʵ΢ѪӡĶɱģҲǱɣȻûж֣ôͺ˵ˡ
ԣţӦãһԼļɵ룬ֻŻڼͬʱֲǣȻѪӡߵĻôԼϲɱˣҲʵⲢų赶ɱ˻ǿֶɱˣ
ЦǵģǼȻĻɽ֮Уҷûᰲȫ٣ΪȻ˵ĻɽѾûбҪڸǵһЩϢˣۺǿߣرӡ߶ԣûбҪһСѵģ
ţҲãǷ¶Ҫע⣬һ鿴֮еҪӺܶ࣡бҪĻһģģȻϴζԿԨʱвҲΪԨʵʵ̫ǿԵʣʵѾȫָߣһۣһܶһģʱƽȻ侲˵
ûʢ˵ĸоһ޶Ůӣ׶ԣ˼Ŀ
ĺˣҲȥɣץʱ䣬Ҳˣʱüͻһˡ׵˵ȻǰЩʱŸͻƲãΪֵĳѰһ˿һ˿ͲλЩӦʵȷϵ
ͨһĸӦǰõķȴһϵȻ󾭹ıǾٴεʹˡ
һ֮󣬱뿪ˣףڽ˼Ƭ޹֮󣬱ٴεĿʼ
Ḷ́ǿޱȵģȴûа취飬Ͼֹ̫Ĳͬ
֮ͻƣΪʵǺܶ׵θڣ
˵ͻ֮󣬸˵ػ꽣ĵػ֮׾ѾͻˣΪɲҪĺ䶯Բûͻơ
Ƕڷ÷棬ػ꽣ĵ߲㡪ػ꽣ʵΪϲһ㹦ǿΪһ㣬Ҫͻƣ׶ԣʵ̫򵥣
ǿ󣬽ǷѹƳȥ̬ȻһˮɵԲĸоһĿο
ĹȻǿģֻһָоֹ֮Уֹ̣Ǻܵģ
˵ĳ뵽ʱܾѺͼ࣬Уϸζ򣬷ܻܺʵĿУҲһġ
ʱܾΪʱȫֻЩʹࡢЩĲĹиоͻƵĿ;˷ܡ
״˿ָоΪǿңÿ⣬ּͻƵĸо𽥵һֶǾǵ
ǵģҲ
磬ͿԸһ㣬֪ġ
ڲλ棬ЩƺôϡͿľ͸Ӧˣ˵̫Ѹͣ˾ôȻˣҲֻ֪һЩƤëѡ
ͨ壬ͨԪȫĸ֮ܵһС
ʱ䷨Ŀռ֮У׵ԪҲַ
ָо˷˼ģ޷ȥݣ֪һӶĴĸо
ͺڤڤ֮УȻͳΪүΪһ
ſӴĿԸλռ˫ۣܿܿԵԵ𣬿Ż仨ɱ޵ĵ޽ᣬֻĽ棬ǳİǳ׹Դ
ָоĮȻвɣгءблϲм˷ܡбࡢпɬꡢоϲҲ壡
ʵϣĸӦһܶΰĴڡ
ʲô֮ǰ֪һЩڣѾȫĲ֪ˡ
֪ʲô֪βȥֵ
ֻ֪һΣͷԵģȻͬԼͻˡ
־޴ĳ֮ѹʱȷʵͻˣﵽǰڵľ磡
ﵽ־֮׵̬ҲЩһˡ
٣׾ԼѾܺܺõںˣҲڱзɡ
ػ꽣Ѿɹʱ䣬ʱҲȥѣ磬һ춼ûйȥ
ⷬȻգۼʱ䶼ȥˣ׻Щˡ
ȻͻˣױҲνˡ
ӦԵĲϵˡ
Ϊ󷨵Ϥػ꽣һķֻʱ䣬ȫĹȻ۷״̬
Ҫʱ׾ãԼͻˣȻԼͻƣǿܵġ
Ϊ˴ﵽ۾ʱ㹻ǿҲΪ˲̫ףûʵ
ȻϽֻҪʮϽʵﵽˣȻȥҸˣʵҲֻ죡
ȴǺͻʱ䣬ǳȣϵϣҲ
Ϥ˵ػ꽣ϣػ꽣ĵڰ˲㣬ػǬ֪󷨲ͻƾżƷ󷨣ػ꽣ĵػǬһ㹻ǿȨãûѡٴεľ


388 硤Ųƹ1
Ӳλ棬ҲԼ׵һ£Ǿǣȶʱ̫죬ڷĸǻ᲻ģ
Ͼ棬Ҳͬ췿һ㣬ûкõĻôĺã
磬һжôϽˣҲд
ңϴξãﵽڣȻﵽڣĻֻǻ綼䶯

ײϵŵػ꽣ʱ֮һľҵıըʱ䣬Ҳ׵֮У𽥵š
תۼ䣬ʱ֮УѾʮˡ
ʮ˵ͻƵǰ֮⣬ױûٴͻƣǰڵʵȴļ̬ǰڵ֮ѾԴҡڵʹóˡ
ңռ䷨棬Ҳͻˡ
񣬼򵥵Ķ̾˲ƣУѾȫˡ
ڣҲһսʵˣңǶԿʵǿڵǿߣ
׶ԼʵѾˣΪǣʮڽǿ̶˿Կǿޱȵķɽĳ̶ˣ
˵൱ڼƷĺ鱦ǿˣ
Ҳ֮
Ϊ֮ǰĻʵǿȱѾȻľƷ鱦ǿȣΪ׷Ŀޣʮ꣬ڽɼƷ鱦ǿȣ
ǰڵʵű̬ĵػ꽣ǿޱȵļƷ鱦ǶȻ͵Ϯǰڵǿߣߺߣֻ¶Ҫ˲Ը
ˣ׺⡣
ҪƵĵҩͣҲȻ⡣
ңʱ֮ʱȽϴʣʱ䣬׽лѰ飬ҲȫĴˡ
ǼƷ̵Ч֮ƷԪǿĲ֪١
ϣʵҲûʲô⣬ʵǰ۷״ֲ̬ͻ棬ױʦǿ˲֪ٱ˿ڶҩģֵҩҲǲܡ
һ˽߰ٿŵҩȻҲΪϹԭ򣬲̵ֻһʮţٶŵҩȫǼƷĹԪ
Ҳûв˽׼ȫлѰϾлѰҲס
ҶǷߣΪԼΪ˹ͬһµȶļ԰ⷽ׶˽

ȵʱʱҲȫĽųʱʱ׸ճ֣ѾӦлѰѾԼլԺš
΢΢һЦ˾ż󷨣׵ϢʱлѰ׽ˣлѰҲֱӵ˲Ƴߡ
͵ܹȻˣΪлѰЦ˵
Ȼһʱ侫磬лѰǳ֮𾪵ġ
Ҳ֪Ǳ̬˼ҲǱ̬˲Գȥֻ˷ܵĹЦ
̬ſˣлѰҲǰɽȻΣգǱסףӦûûʲôģѹҲ
լԺײûм˼ӣֺлȻ˻쵽һˡ
΢΢Цϸ˵ЦˣʵҲǸԭڣһҾ͸Ϊҵ״̬Ҳ֪ᾫΪ⵹Ҳ
˵ĻֻǸ𾪣Ȼ˻ѣײò
лѰһ㶣漴ĽĵСӣȻ˵ãҼǵõһָоʱҸպ̤ڣ˱ˣȻ˰ţҩôˣ
Ȼ꣬лѰû£һһģһλżѲߡŷϣ֮ǰó˺ܶĻ֮ļƷҩݣҪǽ˵Ļʧְˡ
΢΢һЦַһöͨռָȻӸлѰǺǣԼɣȫˡ
лѰ漴ӹָȻֱʹԪ̽һ̽ʱԭأ
˻ôࣿƷʻôãлѰȻʮֵ𾪡
лѰŵģҲͣЦȻ˽ҲɵԼĵҩ䣬˵ԼҲûҩݣҲûŵҩѣ
͵ܣϸǷˣҲԣ˲żƷ󷨣ʵȻҲģ֮Ҳʵ̫ڱ̬ˣʵϣεĵҩʮ֮һʦǷǳõĳɼˣ
лѰ̾׵Ŀ⣬˼ȣеĿûӹ׵ĸ֪
Ȼ׸֪ˣлѰôͲŮأ
ҲǿЦ黹ô飬ϲϲϲǲϲҲǿġ
ңԼҲ֪ΪһܻĵˣǵȵŮһҪʱܻоһ𣬻˵һֶ˱ѵĸоԣһ˵ײŷ֣У˵ķȻصġ
ƽĬĬߡӣΪ׼ǹĵġ
ƽƽûлǰµȴΪֿС

ŰɣµûʲôģҲһҪֵ˾֪Ѳ߼ҪҲ˵ģԾ͹˵һ£õʱ鷳
׿лѰ˼ģ˵
лѰǵȻ¼ŷϣʱܻᱻĮӵϾǰɽȥĶϵʵĸ֣ȻһǿʵûиϣŷϣʵⲻʲôɫҲ̫⣬Ȼ˵㣬˲
ţģôԼ飬Ҳġ׵һЦ
ŶУ飬ϴεľ飬ӦÿܴĹͣԻȥ֮Ⱥһ£Ѳ߲㼶һ£ԺжлѰ˵
νˣȥɣنˣЦ
лѰٺһЦתʧˡ
ǰͬһΣܸӦлѰ뿪ʱ̣ռ֮Ĳ
ֲ׸飬ʱȻԼӦҲˣ
Ȼʱ֮˲ƣǾϾ̫׸ӦлѰ˲ƺԼ˲һЩĲֲͬͬڿռ䷨ϣһ֡


389 硤Ųƹ2
ռ϶
Ȼ䣬ǰһʱĳֶν˲ƣǱܿռݣſռ϶ô
Լ˲ƣȴǶʱıܿռݶѣȴûÿռ϶
׺Ȼˣռ䷨ˣռ϶ⶫڲλ棬׾Ѿ̵֪ˣлѰ˲ƴ뷨һӱ
˲֮ۿʹõģϾҪÿռλķ϶ҪܴûڵʵѰ쵽
ȣܽռ䷨򷢻ӳԵˣ붼ѾڣǰڣȴѾԽռ䷨򷢻ӳǿһ㣬Ǳ˰첻ģ
Ҫһ㣬Ƕλ֪һ㣬ΪһִˣƱȫ˳
Ϊʲô
Ϊһ֮ˣνǳռ䡢϶ȵĸ򣬶ֻͣķ棬ȴͬȣ棬ִĿѧ֪ʹΪȷĶ塢ǳռ϶
֮ķ϶ԭԭ֮ķ϶Щȫܽܣ
ڲλľʵﵽ۷ףλ桢ݼϸСķ϶ϵҪ˲ƣҪںܶݵʱ䣬һֿռԾѣ
ʵѶȲ󣬵ⶫһ۶ԣҲɵҪȥڣ̫ˣǶԣݡλ桢϶֮ĶֻܿŸԼ
ȴ벻ôı̬
ĳһ£һʱױ֮⣬ʱд󺧣ڵǱ˽һ룡
ײҵ飬ٴ˲ƻһȥһȫ˽˳ɣɫʱҲò԰ޱȡ
ʱлѰŷϣҲ漴׵ǰԶ
Ϊȳ֣ҲûдʲôǶ˲ûиܵǰһС
ͬʱΪ˲ƣȻʮָˣϾ磬ѧ˲ƺŲƣֱӵ˾Եıϣ
˵ôʦʵܲףźԵĲмӵֱӵ쳹׵Ķߡ
˵Ȼڶ״˽ŷϣ
һ˰Ȼаʱǰɽոѧ˲Ĳ٣˿̴ڱȽ״̬˸ŷϣһӡ󲢲ãˣŷϣ׵ӡ󲢲á
˵ŷϣڱ˵̬ȡ
Ϊ̫԰ΪһΣĽ֣ʦлѰ˵Ļټһҩʦݣڷ߶ԣʮֵҪġ
ĲҪȫûбҪģԣŷϣĻҲǶ׵һִһԵİʾ
ְʾ˼޷Ǿ֪Ѷ˶ѡ
ײΪĳЩ˵ĿıԼ뵱ҲˣĽȴڲλճΪǿߣͬĶԼı˿
ԣڵŷϣ̬ȣײ⣬ûκε뷨
˿ΣҲܰԼҲѾѪ嶯䣬֮ã̬ϣһ˿Աģ
Ҫǣ֮ǰոѧ˲ƣ̬ܺã
ԣԣüͷ΢΢ЦҾףʵȷʵôģϣŷϣܶౣ
һŷϣʱüһŭ
ֻǵһЦ㲻˵
лѰϽԲ˶ˣ͹ȥɣ͵㲻Ҫ˲ƹȥ
˵ţѾת˿ռ֮
֮ǰǸܲռ֮ģڣȴӦˡ
Ϊӡ֤Լ˲ƷײûзϸĸӦлѰŲƵʱֿռ֮Ĳ
ռ֮ƽȴһתȻ˲ɢûգȻռһͣһףʱ廯Ϊһ㣬ַ϶֮䴩
̣֮ǰ׻оǴﵽ磬ɽ֮رǾֽ׵ľ֮󣬱ȫİ
ˣеĴҲȽϴΪ̣׸ķƺҪһ㣬źܶĲͬ˵кܶеķ棬ȴŸȱ㣡
һ˲ƹȱ㣬ζʲôζţ٣˲ƹҪ˲ƹҪǿĶࡣ
һ̣ͬʱĻ굺ȴûĴ½ĵ㡣
ִŲƣҲףʵһҪǰȻַ϶Ĺ֮аշһĴŲƣǲһʮ־׼ġ
ܴŲʮֵľ׼ȴһǸ֮еĸ֣
һ㣬ΪһͲλͬġ
˴ŲƣķҪ΢һ㣬Ϊ˱֤ʵƽ⣬һŲƣŷϣ֡
ŷϣףȻûʲôɫȴȻ⡣
л˼֮УΪӡ֤Լ˲ƷţεŷϣĴŲƣͬ⡣
һΣ׵ĸо࣬ŷϣĴŲƣлѰĴŲƣ
⣬Ҳ˵лѰĴŲƣ֮ŷϣҪǿ󼸷֡
ȻЩطЩһŷϣ˲ƵĳЩ棬ȴҲлѰҪǿ󼸷֡
˲ƣ˵ǴŲ֮˱˺ӿ֮Ҳɽֵĵط
ŨŨİɼֻжݵİңǰҷԲǧ֮ڣҲо˵ĴڣлѰŷϣ֮⡣
ҲѲˣѲߵĵȼҲΪĹײġ
ϸ˵ݹף߼ѲߣϾ൱ʮεĳʦĳɾͣˣΪõһҩģȴƳʮݵĵҩݳɾ֮ͣʮεҩĹףҪĴĶ࣡
ΪԭֻѲ߶ѣѲӡⶫ׻Щ˼ȴҲûʲôоˡ
ŷϣлѰæŲ̽̽·ףȴŹڴŲƷ⡣
֮ǰԼŲƵǴεΣаԼŲƵΣϸĶԱ
ܽ˿ŷŲƷоȻԳƺߣȴǾǰ޹˵ġ
ԱеĲе㷽棬Ժ֮зٵܽͬʱϵĸԼ˲Ʒ
ʱлѰŷϣҲѰ˽·;ڴˡ


390 ˭ӣ1
ִ֪ʶô󣬵ʵϣ֪ʶؿ׵̶֪ȡ
һ˵κ˼ǲȥ˵ŲƷӶԼŲƷȻȥĽģȴΪ˽һ˺һ״̬ϴŶ̷һܴӸȥŲƵķ
˵ͨռ䡢ʡӵȵı仯΢Ĳ˶֮˶Ӧһֿ޹ɵĿռ䴩ѣһ㣬ţκˣûִԨѧ֪ʶǲܽŲƷġ
ңνĸܶ෽棬ǸȻıʣ˶켣ģӵĴģ·ģºڶȵȡ
ʵ˵Ҳ̫ӣ̣ȴ൱ĸӡ
״˵ŲƷ֮УϵĽԱȣȻֲϵںγԼеĹһĴǿߵŲƹԼĶıʮǿŲƷʹĿֹлѰĸֵ׷ɱ
Ȼ뷨һ£׻ҪϵϾڲ̫£γɵĹҲܹ޵ģȻǿȴǺ
ֻŲ޷ĹԣԻǰȫĶࡣ
ʮֿ죬֮вϵȷ˵÷ӵĸõ·Ȼ󲻶ϵںϵԼĹ֮С
ŲƹͬЩӰӰӣǽҲ࣬ȴҪǿ̫ࡣ
Žļٶȣ⹦ȡΪ㴩󡱣⼫㴩һ㡢ģ֮£𽥵
ϸ˵׵ʵѾʮǿˣҪǣȻڣԼ磬ǾͲǲڣû˴ﵽ
һ㣬ȻһȱĽǶȴﵽǿߵľ磬Ȼһ㣬ȴҲǿ󾳽˿˿ʵԶҲлѰǿ
Ļ״ĹʵǷǳǿģ

һ׵ģ˼֣ϵĺˮҲ𽥵ʧ
ڸ㶨⡮㴩󡯹ӵĹĽػ꽣󣬶ԿۣͨӦûһս֮ģ
ܺһƴ֮лЩ˷ܵģϾһֱ磬ǱѹƵţȻıȽ󣬵ʵȴηηβʮֵ˲
ױϲ֮ˣηηβѾı⣬񶮵⼫㴩󹦷ȻԵεˡ
ķ棬ŵҩĺ䣬׵Ҳ塣

ףɣǴȥŷϣĮȻ˵ȴº˼֡
Ȼûг룬㲻˵ʲôˡ
ֻǸ֮ǰһֱ˼㴩󹦷˿ȴһи㶨ٵĸ
ͨһλһ뻷ܻͨ
ڴ̫ң֮˻һλһ޵ĸо˵ǺȻһڿĸоָо˸оʮֵĲ
зơµĸоΪǿң
ԪʮǿԴһ֮󣬶ʱ˹ŷϣлѰʵ˵ãֻǼ򵥵۾΢΢һ£ٷ֮һͣԶûС
Ҳʾ˵ǿ
ƺ뵽˻ĳ˲û¶ɫֻŷϣڼֻǼ򵥵һϾѹ֮˫¶ɫ
лѰȴֻ΢΢һЦȻΪ׵ıֶԾ
һĵ·ϵʱ׸оǽ˻һָоǿҡ
ߡѵѵţ죬ȴûʵʵĶﴩ
֮зɫʵĹΣÿǧңһɫĹΡ
żֹ죬żĺ
ױлѰŷϣػм䣬лѰǰ濪·ŷϣȴΪʦܵ˵ػ
ˣҲûɽԼĸӦ̶ȡ
һ·ϣȻΪأȴû֮еΣա
ĺݵǣ֮Уʱ۵ʬ֣˵ۿӦʮֵǿ󣬵ȴʮ֮ңԪ񣬶ûӳȥ
ԪըĳʹЩΣȫԿģϵ壬ϱ۲֫ȣʮֵĲ
Ǿôֲľҵĳ
лѰŷϣûзκϢѾںϽλ϶֮Уǰ
ףػ֮УҲѹϢȻûнλ϶ȴҲѷ֣Ͼְ䡣
ǲðңԼҲ䣡ֱӴˣȻȻʹ˼㴩֮е֮
ʱԭ伸ŷϣʱסˣΪ׵䣬֮ǰ׵Ϣϣ޷׵ģ
СӣȻʵѹлѲƼŷϣеϣȴȻһıĮȻ
лѰ׵ȣ˵Ѿ𾪵ľˣٱֳκε𾪵飬Ҳ𾪣
ʶƿΪǿػ󣬾޷ʯϵվףлѰһ˵ţ׾ž˵Ǳھ
һ·ţһֱûκεΣգʹ亹ɭɭʱҲ˿
ֱӵĽ˺һĵط˵Ǻһĵط
ǣǣȻɵĺ⺣Ǳһĳһ㣬ûиһˮµĸо
µĵȻ̫ƽɫʯͷȴӲһͿ
ʯͷһӾͿˣӦһļƷϡ
֮£һУеˣǺôֱʣ
ⶫ磬ûκ֪ϵģףֻǵ𽣵ļ޾磬֪
һҲƳɼƷ鱦һķһʹǿ֮ؼĻĻǿƳʥġ
ȻУĹ죬ȻֻǾ򵥵ƣԳһ壬ǿȣѾ൱ڼƷĺ鱦ˣ
һ㣬ȴǸ֪ģ
ȷʵܱ̬ǷӡѪһ治ţɽǿֱʣңɽܸɽѵͻôȥ
ǣɽѪһ˵ĻΪʲôϣԨȥ
ѪԨôĹϵأΪʲôԨˣɽֻᱻأ
Ժ֮У⣬ӻˣǣȴǼԿ϶һ£ǾǣɽӦþǷӡѪ
ɽˣֻѪһ˵һƭ֣ɽû
ǣλ棬ȴΪʲô
뵽׺Ȼ͵һ𣬸һ뵽һ⣬Ǿǡ
ͨ⣬뵽һ£ǾǣΪ𣬿ҪһĸνĹ֮Ķ
ȻҵɱˣӦ𹦵µģرɱǿߣ
ͽѪӡߣûɱ˵ԭڡ
ͬģһ֮ǰµλ涼ģ֮ȴֲƲȱôҪΪһôλϡ
ѾԣԼûв´ĻΪɽڲλ棬ϣָλԼµλһУȻɾһΪԲ磡
ʱɽ˵ѪӡߣŻгΪ
뵽һ㣬˼·ȫĴˣ˵Ҳ뵽ˣ磬ôԼӦóΪѪӡߡɽоµȲλϵʵһӣ
뵽һ㣬𽥵侲ΪܵĽҲΪܽһԭĽ
ȻѾЩɣ뵽ˡԼΪѪʵӣ֮ڰѪ˵ɽʵ飬뵽һ㣬б޾ŭ
˭˭ӣǵưɣ



391 ˭ӣ2
Ĺؼвɶ˼ֵĳء
ǵģ飬ӦѾ˾Ųʮˣˣ׷һ˵ѹѹڸϵĳʩӣ
ѪӡߡɽĻôʮˡ
ܷӡ˵ǿߣȻС
ţԼﵽۺڵ۷״̬ȻҲһвѪӡߡ
ǣǰڣѾ˼ѵɹҪﵽ۾磬۵ĺھ磬Ѷȣʵ޷ġ
һѸٵ侲֪һеԣȴֳֵܱ֪ӣΪκһССǷǳģ
Ҳ뵽ˣȻѪԼ͵磬Ūʵӣôʹţײױɱ
ͬģֱﵽڵľ磬ӦöΣգ
Щȶǰʱڣײ²Ĳôһξ԰ȫʱ䡣
̬׾һ£һ㣬ҲκˣҼʹǼ飬Ҳޱȵʵ

˶״̬һ·ǰ
Ȼڶм䣬ǰȻлѰŷϣ
ں嫿㣬߼ʡ
лѰǰ·ٶҲһٽ˿Ҵ⡣
ɽˣԣӦûк֣ܶǴ˿̣ȴһˣ˹֮⣬ǹ졣
лѰһ㿴Σŷϣֺγˣ
ףȴѾ͸ıʣ⡣
ͣɽ״̬䵭˵磬·ɣ
оԵı仯ŷϣ˫֮Ǿȣ漴ָֻƽлѰ΢΢ɣÿ·ǰ
лѰҲ֪ܶΣյĵطʵǿ󣬾Ϳ߹ȥġ
ǰһۿܣбȻΪǰֻһõĻѣ֮лѰ˿Ϊúʵʵûзֱġ
þãȻʵģͲҪʵһҪǣױʵĿڳԣҲ֤һ顣
˼ת˼λȻȻ͵ĳſȥ·ͱڳ˹ȥٶȾǼ졣
պһš
νšҲ··֮Ľѡ
ãҪڲͱ迴ţһ˵ļˣѾͨˡ
ûͨģȻɣ˵ҲһǱӡ
ʵࡣ
ⷬʵ飬Ŀģ˲ûƵľ滯ŵʱڳŵʱȻųȥ
ֻٶȴķŻ˼֣ƣʹнĹôһ˲䱻ŴϣӶգ
һеľƵõˮ¶ûһĲ
һɲǣһɻԵɱȻ׵ȫʱһȻ֮ĪɻԵȫĵֿ
˲䣬ȷʵҲûнʱҲûеֿ
Ҳ˵鲻ͬ˼ĻôһΣǱˡ
ǺȻһΣȷʵˡ
״֮󣬺лѰŷϣûз⣬ҲŴ˽ʱŽѾɣٶ죬ΪҲأ׵Ĵ˹
֮µĻ˵Ķˡ
ȻͬĶɣɽˮȵȣԳһ壬ʤա
ɽˮģ˾̾
ȻˣǿɼȣҲȻһǧҾ롣
϶һ£˲٣ıʱ˵ǿԪķλҲĵĴо
ֻŲ¶ԪѶһ㣬ţǰղʲôġ
Ѫףֺγ֪ƾͼƣֿԷѪ
ܼ򵥵ĵһѳңȻ󡭡
һʱ䣬׵˺ֶܶ࣬ܿˡ
ѪµͼҲ⣬ǾǣԼıɱǵͼȻһģ
ңˣѪȻԼԼʵ飬ɽһԼС
󷨣ɱۣӦþͲԼµɱˣϾ󷨻󷨿ռ䣨һ£󷨴ָһ󷨻߸󷨣ֻһ󷨣һһ˺ܶ㣬Ӽ˳һ󷨿ռ䣬һ߶ĵһ϶γԲĿռ䣬Ŷһνġ򡯣ͺñĿϳΪһԾһɵɱȴ㲻Ѫϡ
ȻǳĹѪõ󷨿ռ䣬ûԳɱˣô𣬾㲻ͷϡ
ϾЩ˲ܹûô
̰ˣ㶼ЩԼ̰ģһǺܺÿǵġ
ˣѪŲɱ¾󷨿ռ䣬Ūһľߡ
ײ²⵽ȻԼܼ򵥵ĵõɽôһж˵ˡ
׳һ£˸ң￴ӣȴһǳɣܽһŵͼӦòд
˵ʵҲģΪɽĵͼǿǳŲܻģΪǳ󷨡󷨡
˵һ֮˭ƱȻɣҲǳӦûеͼԼҲǿԷȷĵ·ģɻѺܶࡣ
еͼ˵ҲòԼж뷢ױˡ
лѰŷϣûзԣʵϣŷϣѾлѰεĿ֮п˼ضߣԼȷʵûΣصĵط
׵ţɸлѰŷϣޱߵ
ǰ·ɽԽ롢ɽˮܼ򵥵·ȴǻνһоΣյĵطΣûг֣ľĸолѰŷϣ񾭱ĺܽ
Ϊ˲ʾҲɫϾ֮
ʵϣɽ״̬£׸¶ʲô
ǰУһͬʮ˳ǽ˽ʮʱʱڿǰ˶飡
˶ѲߣǡǷߵĶͷˣһˣǼġ
ˣѩ½ڤۣһĶɱ˲գ۵Ůħͷ
ߣĿжŮòƣһӵĴ󺺣絶üʨǣģЩ
Ůӣòǧȴͬޱȡ
ȻΣȴ˫ĿѲܣСĵĽ䱸š
ڤ˿ͬĿޣһͬĶһɫսס
ɫսףûйȴĻУ˸Ĺâ
׵ĵʹһ޵ŮȽͬʱڤۣҲȻվ
ţߵۣҲվ
ŶԭлѲŷѲأ벻ǵʵҲϣȻ˸ǰڵС˧磬
ڤĵЦ
лѰŷϣɫʱѿȻʵ˺ڤۣ۶ڣΣ군ˡ
ȻˣлѰŷϣȴû˿ľ⣬ҲѸٵıҲһ
ȴ˿⣬Եĳǰš
СӣվסȻݹֺˣڤߵһŮ˵
ײмĿ˿ŮӣЦˣƶʮ׷Χô
˻һڤɫȻ䣡
лѰŷϣһ㶣漴ȻЦ
ڤɫòҰףڤȴأͬЦлѰŷϣҲ˵̫ˣȻסˣΣߣ
Ц𣿵ȡٽֱǣ磬ŷѲأǲȺˣ


392 Ѫ1
׵Ļڤų̺мЦ
㣿ߣҪôȡõĻ͵õˣ˵Ǵ˿޷жҪǿлɱˣҲǲܣҵǺڴһǰڵϣȡģ
ڤߣӸǲмһףŮӣȻûʲô飬ǹɿζҲʮֵԡ
úЩ˼ƽϣ˵껰֮󣬱׵ǰ棬лѰŷϣȴûκεԥ
ڤ߲ԶһĹ֣˵ԭĴأмһ¶һӴĹ֡
Ϸϵķءķһɵĺķ磬һëȻơ
˼Ƭ̣ѡһλȻֱӵȥ
ڤʱԾ֮ɫʱŷϣлѰҲͬʱĸȥ
ʧصĸоΪǿңܺķǲڶǿķ̼ԼʵѣηƵĸо
ʱţ׹Ĺ̲̫ȴ˲̵г̡
¸ոմʱ򣬰ɫĹâѾ棬Ϸľ޴ѿ֮⣬ռǺȻ䱻Ϳһ
һһ׿ҵƽֻ̨дʮңܶգͷѿںȻҲʧˡ
ʮҵİɫƽ̨ϣǰͬ޴ĢһĶ
ⶫȫѪɫƺž޴壬ڲϵķһ
ʮ׵ƽ̨ϣɫĵ棬ʱɢһɹѪȵϢͬԼɼİ׹ǣ֪Ӧ˲ٵˡ
׼صƬ̣ȻһԾȻֱӴмԼĪ֮λöȻ£ʱȻŷϣлѰҲ֪طΣ֮˼æ£
Ȼ֮ǰ˵ԼаŪлѰȻŲɣŷϣҲѾ׹Ŀ࿴лѰΣŷϣҲٻɡ
˶׸죬ĸ׵
˸£ϷֻѪɫͬзϳһĿֲ͵Ĺᴩռ䣡
ꡪ
ռ͵һռ䡪ƽ̨Ϸʱĺɫңռѣ޴ֻͬѪɫ޶˽ȥ
һ̣ƽ̨ٴεĹڳţƺһʲôûз֮ǰǿֲһУŷϣ˲
֮У֮⣬лѰǵȺڶҲɫ䣡
ȹϣȫʬ
Ϸƽ̨ı֮Ѹٵһƽ̨һƽ̨ȴһʮ׳ƽ棬ͬƺ֮УһΣǰңĸѪɫľ޴ĶĢһĶ
˸£ײɷ˵ѡ˵ͼɽעŲƵ㣬ΪһΣҪȻҲУȴʱ
Ĵ޵ɱҪܣѶɷǳ
˲ƫһ㣬һɫɫȽѪ㣬֮׼˲͵ŵ³ȥ
лѰŷϣͬԥ׵Ķ
ڶƽ̨ҲȽɵĴˡ
һƵƽ棬ƽ̨Σճ̶һظ߹һأоյĶȹˡ
ˣһƬʮƽĲԭϡ
̵ĲݵأӲݴʮֵʣʱ˿ͣǰ
ԭʮֵƽƽıȴŸΣգ֮ǰľԣܼ򵥣㲻ʲôûеͼҲǾһĽ֡
лѰĸ֣Ҳ޷ֿڶ֮οС
ԭãԶŨŨİ֮УȻʵķߣͬǺŰԹԼĹƻĵơ
ŷϣлѰһս׶ˮʪ͸ѹ󣬵Ǹףһ·ϱڶĿֲѾľˣǻĸоĺܲܣ
һ㣬˾ͻģ
ŷϣлѰһۣоңԼʵʵĶ׵ľأ
׵ʵǲ˵㣬侲ȴκ˶ȲϵģҪǣͷԣ֮һ
ŷϣҲ˷ʱ䣬лѰһŬĻָģףҲͬˡ
ԼĪʮ֮ŷϣصĶ˵ף֮ǰ飬ŷϣ飬ˡ
΢΢ͷȻ֮ǰ£Ҵδϡ
ֻĲԭΣոӲˣ㵽ĵͼҲֻܼСΣշĸʣԼҲҪע⣡
ԭƽʵȻһ̣ǽ¾ͻ޾Ԩ֮𣬽Ƿǽ»ȻԨǴӴ˶޾ֻأֻߣһ̣޾İᷢǿԪ񹥻Ƿʤ
ֻǼ򵥵˵ΪֹܵǼлѰŷϣɵһ
ȷʵΣգҪȥֻܿ
ΪȱһܣлѰŷϣ֪жÿÿ·;ϵ۰׹ǻѪѹֵϢķĸо
һֽӽĿ־ѹ͸ȴҲ޷
£µľ԰յḶ́ĥԪĿֲΣգ
лѰŷϣָĲʱҲָѵ״̬
·;Ȼգȴû̫ģ״ﵽ磬ظҲȻӵǿ˼֣ŵҩİָȻʮֿ졣
׼лѰŷϣҲѾָ״ֻ̬ʾһ£˱̡̤
ԭϣʱǿ紵磬ʮײʵĸоÿ֣ܣֻɵɱ
ϣɱ
Ȼײ²мֳ룬ʵϣҲȷʵˣ˼֣
ÿ֣Ȼ˲ʷӦʱ¶Ĳ֪ȻȻ߻߽¾ͻһ޴ͬһľ޴ԨȻȥ֮޾׵ƵȵȣὫ˲Ĩɱ
̣Ȼûǲûп
ײϵ磬ͬʱʱĸıߵĹ켣ŵͼɽ״̬Ҳ˿Ҵ⡣
ͼǵͼĻǾĻ⵽һģĲԭԷֱ棬еͼûеͼû̫
ױ侲ʵҲ侲ȴҪֳһԼǡǵƣȻֻΪɱѪӡ߶ѡ
ңҲţߣЩΣգҲһܽɱлѰˣȴɣϾԼܵѪӡ߰ػģ
ϾѪӡҿŪӣȻϣû͸ˡ
ƣҲֳһֿƺϵĸԣǾǽлѰŷϣԼͬһϣΣԼ˶Σˡ
ȻȻӵľԼ̬ǲͬӰ첻лѰ룬Ҳ׵ˡ
״Ӵ֣ŬԺ֮еĵͼǰĲԭ
ʮŨܣԼģ֮ĵһǴɽ״̬Լᱻ
ȻعͷŷϣлѰǶˣ¶Ĵ㶵Ҫ뿪飡
΢΢𾪣һݣʱһֱӴŵػ꽣ƣֱԪ
ѣ
羪һը˶࣬лѰŷϣʵǿ㣬ʱȻѹԭ뿪һ룬ϱصҡ
˾Բ֮ɫϾ۵ĶǻȲһʹ˲ͬʱҲǾˡ
رŷϣûƫףʮֵͣ
׶˵̬ӶֻǵȻԭΣķУõ棬ֻҪһĵĸҾͳɣǵʱ޶ǷҲҪᣡ
ŷϣº󣬶׸ӵΣлѰǲ˵˾ݺݵĵ˵ͷ
Щ仯Ҳ𽥵󷨿ռһ˿ˡ


393 Ѫ2
󷨣˵ײ󷨵ȣźܶĲͬģֲͬ󷨵ıĲͬҲϵĲֵͬʽͬ
˵󷨵ıϵ
ƺûʲô̫𣬵ʵϣһƺЩĪĹĸоǵа񡢵һָоǱȽϵ׵ġ
ҲΪִ뵽ɽĿұ죬˵ѪӡߵǿֶΡ
Ӧһ󷨣󷨣Ӧþˣ󷨣ڲλ棬ûϸ˼ȻҲ뵽ֿܣǵʱʵǿ󣬲ûⷽ¹򣬴˿ȴЩĪ
ɽ״̬׵ʮֵȶֻǼ򵥵˼һ£뵽󷨵Ŀֲ
Ϊ󷨣Ѫӡ߲޼ɵĽɽȻЩǿޱȵǶɣ
ţ󷨣Ȼǿĵط
״ŷϣԭ֮дȴʱ󷨣㣬ȴǴӸ󷨿ʼ㡣
ײǲ⻷ĶԼΪ֪һ£οŵͼϤ̶ȣҲ֪ΣȻУһᲨҪĻôѪӡҲԸģǻֱӽԼɱˣϾɱҲ㲻ʲô𹦵µ顣
󷨣ȴҲµĻصġ
һ㣬׵ĺܡ
ۿʼ׷󷨵ĿԣһΣײǴģǴһֲܵĽǶȳȥ
֮УһǰһķŲ˵󷨣Ǭ󷨣ǰɱ֮ķʽУʹ󷨴֮Գһ塣
״˿˼ģȴôķӦ֮档
ױ֮д󣬱˼󷨱ͨɽĵͼµ󷨽з
ԵĲɣǶ֮ǰ״̬ԣȻ޷סѹɽ״̬£Щ㲻ʲô
Χ𽥵Ȼ֮УҲоһɹѪϢͷơ
߲֪ʱѾ޺𣬻ӵļһЩ˵Ĳ˻ָ֮оȷʵ˲
ŷϣŶ侲ģв֪Ϊοο˲٣Ҳ˿лѰƺײһäĿš
֪˿̵ףûߵЩǴֵȥ˵ԭ
Ȼŷϣ˲֪Щֻ֪ҲﵽѪĵز
ƽģ̣ҲǾĶǵģ׶ԣЩ㲻ʲôΪϵΣգ⡣
ŷϣȴͬʲô֪ÿһε޳ײǺȻĿռѹѪɫѪɷ֮ĳȣġ
ֱ̣ĥ˵Ĵڣ׵ı֣ƽ𾪣Ҳη塣
վеͼĽǶȥ̬ǡǡΪġ
󷨴еĹУŵͼʾҲŪ󷨵СԭԼ󷨵֡
һ㣬׶ԣҪģʵϣͨһ㣬׸ȷѪӡɽͬһ˵Ĳ룬ͬʱҲȷ󷨣ȷʵϳ󷨡
󷨵֣ҲЩѪ
Ѫ󣬾һʲô󷨣֪Ĳ࣬ߵĹ֮УϵĴĲҺ֮Լã󷨣Ѿɱ˲ٵˡ
Ӵ磬Խǧڵ˿ڣۺǿߵĴڷ֮һĸʣô۵ĿҲԶֲǧ
ǧۺǿߣֻаٷ֮һɽᣬôĿҲﵽ˿ֲʮ
ʮۺǿߣ
ʵϵĿԶԶĿѪͨ㻷ѪжϣֻҲɱ˽һۣ
һ۱ɱǺεȾ˵ݣ
ڷҲڴϿ⣬ŷϣлѰȻȴҲֻǴӴͳȥǣǾεۺܼܶ࣬ѣµĻɱ˲ٵ۵ȵȣݶʮֵģ
һ㣬Ҳ֮ľ޴
ɫ֪֮˺ɫȻ𽥳ѪɫߵĹ֮Уÿ˵ѹҲԽԽ
ŵͼȷʵҲҴ⣬Ȼһ桢һ棬ǱϾ⻷ȷʵԽԽգҲҷɾ衣
Ѫڣʱûɸ״צĿ
ŷϡлѰףײ֣ҲԲ֡
߲ʱëȻĲҽ֮Ȼȥ
ÿһҽ֮ѪѪŨ˼֣ѪȵϢҲǿ󼸷֡
Ѫ󣬿ĽЩˣаղɼӿнĲ
Ѫ֮УеͼȷʵЩ޿κΡ
Ǽеͼ˿Ҳء
׼ٴѪɫϵ󣬶ǰѪҲ𽥵ĵ
Ǵ˿̣Ȼ䣬һӰȻٿһ׶ʱһݣײҵ˵ͼվǰϣ
ߣ˱֪ˣײߵ˵ͼָ·ϣ
ѪЩϡǰԼɼ۵С·ǰһֹűĴڡ
ˣҷ׼Ǳܵʹ˵ػ꽣󣬵һ̣ػ꽣һѪȴǺȻıˣ
ǿѪȻȫĿѪȻͬըһɢһ޴ĳѪѪħȻվͬħһĲ
ѪɢŲ۵ʬ壬ȴ԰ףšĶܡ
ػ꽣ûãӰһȴǽʵʵĿ׵ϡ
׻һǿһ´͵ˣϸѺۣ
ɱȻ֣׼ٴγ֣ŷϣлѰȴѾˣ
֣һֱʹ򣬽Ч󽵵ͣһˣֱӳˣ
֮ˣлѰ
лѰŷϣķǣƣЧȻѪ֮дۿۣҲһۿԳܵġ
͡
ռлѰ˸һ㣬ֱһ׵֮ᴩӰ壬Դ˳ȥ
飬ԴɳͬʱǼٵĻָлѰƺԤϣͬʱ͵ķɳȥ
ʱ˫ͫ͵һͻȻȵ
״֮£ֱлѰɳ˹ȥлѰ΢΢һͣʱ˲
ʱ򣬿ռһǾ޴ĳѪħȻһץסǷͷһ˵ԴųԪȻֱȥ
ѪѪڣ֮ëȻ
ʱײſȥļһòȻײʶΧˣѾ¶˵ݡ
ˣܰ
ϵ˻˷۷ƵǹűطȥɫҲмˡ
ѪɣֻѪӡԼû뵽ɣ޳ѪħԪںϲǿޱȣ֮вʶֻ˶ڽˣ
ײҵ飬ͬʱлѰŷϣܣ
ǿ޳Ѫħֻз

ѪħЦţ޴ѪɫצӶȻ͵һŨһѪѪһž޴ֱӽǰǧ֮䷶ΧӴ󶼸˽ȥ
ѪһЩ۵壬Щ۶ʹĲеѾʼϵĳ鴤ڣȻʹ಻ѡ
ܶ޷ǿʹ࣬ѡԱģȴǲĺϡ
ȻƿأҲޱȡ
ɫ䣬ɽ״̬ﵽ˳ܵļޣҲЩܲˡ
Щݣ֪£Ѫӡ߲͸㲻ô˾ͱɣ
ľ룬ѾųѪħǧˣһһٴγ֣ôζš
ģѪôػ꽣ȻܴʹѪ죬ұ㶼㼸ԣ
侲ȴҲ̲סЩŭ˹ؼʱ̣ѪĻֻҪ޳Ѫħٴγ֣˱ɡ
ȻˣҲ¸ˣʵǱҪʱ򣬻ʱ
ߣػ꽣󣬳


394 ǵķ1
Ѫһ󷨣󷨣ȴ׵ĵػ꽣Ӱ£÷񱩣һ㣬ֻ˵󷨣㣡
£ǳѪħޱȵķ񣬲ϵɱ֮еǿߣһһȥ׼ˣҲڼľ޴Σ֮С
һᣬҲټɵʲôʹԼѾõĵػ꽣
׵壬ƺ˲ɢܱһ󷨣һķɽ۸ӵţжӵʿһֻҪǾѸٵĸıеŲ
ֹ̺ܶݣȴܺƴ
ʵϣҲ֪ػ꽣ĶЩ󣬵£ȷʵûа취£֮䣬û˻˿и
ػ꽣һȷʵǿҵĸѪУΪԵıǣڵػ꽣Ѫ󽻴ܱʱһֻ޶ħˡ
ֻħĳ֣Ÿ֮ɱ¾
ײȥڵػ꽣ֵĵضʱһֻ޶ħֵʱѾŷϣлѰˣٵѪ֮дˡ
ǵͼϵĵ·ҲΪȫһ·˰ʱٵǰС
һֻѪħֵʱڹֻѪħԵһ£һ£ҲԼܶܵʱ䡣
𡫡ǳѪħȻ˻һ㳯һֻѪħ˹ȥ
һֻѪħҲͬĿײкĳֻħ˹ȥ
˲佻һȻȻŶԷҵĹ
ٶȺܿ죬٣׵ĸо֮Уߵٶȿ쵽޷ܵĵز
ռ䣬ѪɫĲӰϵĽײţѪ֮вϵҡΣҪѪǵĩҪһ㣬ѹ޷
ܼǽ߾ȫģ˿΢ЪϢƬ̣ģ۵ȻǺ
Ӵѹ֮£߶Щѣοƴܡ
ͣʱһ޼ʵĶˣȿֺĸˣЩˣÿһʮ˵ãҲɫ԰֮
䣡䣡䣡
ռ֮У˸Ѻɢڶһһεʾأռһһεıơ
Ѫɫ׵ڿռ֮д֮бڣ
͡
һѪɫ׵һֱӳڵķ򣬶ʱһĲҺ֮
Ѫɫ׵ĵطѾΪһգûѪûӿԭվۣҲ֪ȥ
ȻѾˡ
ֻź;ǻᴫȾģʵԽ˾ԵĵεĻۺڵǿߣҲɷˡ

ۣܶվ޷ֿӴѹڱˣ
˫֮У˸ſնѪɫĹâģǰ󷽡󷽡ҷĿĵĳ˹ȥ߳߷ƽţһƥ˵ǣ
ĽֻһǾ
ǵģȥۣʵǿ׷ԶѪɫǺɨ
ѪħսǴ췭ظһжײԱ߷ԲףһƬ
־룬û˿ѡΪߵսʱ˲Ƹıŵ뷽λ˷ʤ
Σʱûв׸ȻΣУ˲սǲȷģһָֻ̣ӲҲһ
ŷϣлѰһҲ侲֮ҲЩ⻷ʵ̫ˡ
˶ۣ˵Ǽò˼顣
£ôۣһķ衢ɵȻԼǰˣ޷ܣ
ۣҲôĴҲôֵǮʱ
ŷϣлѰ뷨Ҳγ룿
ʵȻȴԶԶĲۺڵǿߣһǱѪħսҲǱɣˣײʮΣС
ָ˲ʵҲ˲ôˣٴεʹ˵ػ꽣
Ϊ£ѾоѪħȻķ˹۶ʱȫɫҰһƬиǾ֮
塢ȴ֮׵ģһ
Ҳǿ񰡣
ۺǿ֮зôңĳ׵ġ
ǵģ۲ҲôԾԵǿĴڵʱۣͬҲС
׺ȻЩ̾ˣû˿иٴͷų˵ػ꽣
ͬġĽ󣬴ϯһƣֱӴʹѪٴεĿ񱩡
ΣǱըһĿ񱩣
䣡䣡䣡
񱩣ѪٴεľۼһȻѪ֮УһѪħٴεĲһΣ̣ȴƺЩ
ͬģƺÿһγѪħĳѪħһ£
˻ᣬ߱ɵˣ
׺ŷϣлѰһۣȫƴһǰȥ
֮ǰѾʱָǰеĵ·һ·ɱɲǼɵ顣
ۣƺ֪˺˵ãͬʱ͵˷ų˹
Ѫ֮Уǲ˲ƣеȣǲܵģӴϵͳԼռεͣ˲ƻǷеˣž˺
ЩҲֻܺһ͵ɱ
ȻЩͼ˲ƻǷУǽһ֮£ȫ͵ıըԪȻ䶼ըΪһѪȻΪѪħĲƷ
̣ǿҵĴ̼˲ƻǷǣϾһƬӵӣߵߣܲסǿѹۣ֮ͬǰһĵҳܣ
׼Ǵɽ״̬Ҳɱһε𺳣յĴҲ٣Ҳ̫࣬һĲḶ́ҲǵһΡ
һֽѣû˸ȥĥʹࡣ
Ԫըޣÿ۾ǿԸ⿴顣
ԣЩ˲˷Ǽ򵥵Щ˵Ľ˹
ľڼУѪӡߵӡҲüһͿԿ˼˺ײУΪ˽ʵڲʲôö

ʱЩѪɻѪľĶǵĲ̳֣Һ֮ǲڶѪħʱѾսͬǷһ㣬Ӱܴͬ
һΣԵĸо֮ʵƺ½
ָоҲͬʱĳŷϣлѰԺ֮С
˲Լͬһֱۣ˲俴˶Էеһ˿֮⣡
Ȼ˼ͬʱ˵ͷ
ʱŷϣлѰѾػ׵ң͵һżƷĹԪȻٴʹػ꽣
һΣѪۼḶֱ́˼֣ˣܵʱ䣬ֶ˼֡
Щۼûߣ㲻ٸף׷ˡ
ܿ죬Ѫ֮УֳһѪħ
׺ٴεʹػ꽣󡭡
Ȼ׺ŷϣ˶ˣѪǸ󷨵ṩģһѪܻΪħô󷨾Եıñ
㶨£һĳЩĵ𽥵࣬Ļôֵÿһʹϣͻ٣
ףҲܹãŷϣ˲壬Ƕ÷
лѰʦѪ󷨣ֻҪ󷨣ʵ࣡
ԣ׽֣Ѫ֮УѪħԽԽ࣬ѪħʵҲԽԽ
Щûʲộֻ֪ɱ
ЩѪħѾ޷ͨսսĲɱЩ۵ʱ򣬵ЩѪħȻƺСʱһЩڰ಻סˡ
֪ܶ˷ĳȥһʹþСУƴ
󷨵ֶ۵ĽȻҲڲ֪֮Уʵ𽥵Ĵ
ɱ¾˴һ̿ʼݣ


395 ǵķ2
һֱͱѹŵǣķˡ
ۼԽԽࡢѹԽԽСʱѹֵ˼ǣȫķˣ

һ˻ȫͬ޷һۺֱײЩѪħ͵ĳ˹ȥٶȣɱ⣬ĺģ
˴˿λãȻǵͼϵһȫĵ·ϣ˵ȫʵϣҲȫ
ΪԴӳѪħ֮·ϣҲûνİȫˡ
ۼֳ֮ʱٴεĳǰȥʱҲеǶ˷ЩԶ˶ʱ߷򣬿ٵĸ
ڴˣȻպޣȴҲЩΣЩʵǿᣬһڷĿֻǵòʧˡ

ѪħռݴѪѪ˲Ƶƣ˿ЩѪħʵһٽͣͬʱǵʵһٵ˳Ҳһߵľơ
Ѫ֮УȻܵǱֲģһѪħȥôԶʧˣ⵽ƻһ
һ㣬ױҲ֪˸ȥһˡ
Ϊ˦һȺۣҲΪƵѪ׵лѰŷϣ˴Ȼһ֣ųѪħɱȥ
һҲǷɱ¾ţЩѪħ˿Ĳ顣
һЩԭ׵ǣ˿΢΢֮룬ҲѧһȥɱЩѪħ
һȻнٳѪħȴ˶۵ɱ¾Ƭ̣ٵĳѪħȫıɱ
ʱɱ۵ǣֿʼ˷ɱеҲɱ¾֮侲ǱϾ侲ģҲֻһСֶѡ
Ȼ䣬ռ͵ıը֮Ͽ𣬾ƬҪ̮һ㣬ֵļ
¡¡
Ȼ䣬ؼ͵һ󰵵İɫ˲ͬһ㣬ʧΣһʱ䣬֮
಻ĺˮڵĿռ䣬ȴȻͬһĿռ֮УʮֵɣҲܲˮκεѹ
Ѫ󣬵ˣѪƵˣͼʧȥá
ʵ֮󣬷ɱ¾ǣҲ𽥵еѪɫҲ𽥵ˡ
ð죬ܳʱһЩǸԻ񣬽֮ߵκˣʮֵļɵ
ˣ˶ûмɵ֮⣬ˣҲڳһٴеӡ
ˣҲжôֹۣ˵뷨
뿴ʮֵ͸ǰҷԲǧҾɼ
ǰһ޴ĺµĻɽʱɫúˮڵĵػ𣬶棬ȴһ޴İֻⰵҲں׵λá
ڻɽԱ߲Զһ޴ѷ죬治ʱð޴𾪵ݡ
ǰɫĻɽףۣܶǰһЩ͵ļ٣ǻɽ˹ȥ
˶ۣҲʶˣЩ֮УҲĴ֮еΪѲ
˵ۡ˵ڤۣҲ˵Īۡ
˶˫½Ԩ۱ɱ֮⣬½䣬Ҳˡ
ʶǣȴʶףȴʶлѰŷϣ
ֻڣ½ĪѪ½ˣ仯ͨ۵ģʵϢҲ
ˣÿߣͬϢʵǿ߻Ͽ˶ò룬ʵϣȴ߲ԶĪʱ̱ϵ
Щ˵αװлѰûп͸״̬Ҳǿ͸ǴһЩСϸڷԿ͸ģֿ͸Ҳżֲ²⣬ֻ²ڤ۵Ŀ֮еõ֤ʵѡ
ǣ΢΢㽫ϢлѰŷϣҪװʲô֪ҲҪǱ߿
лѰŷϣҲǺϵˣ֪׵˼
ڤۼȻûأô׵ҲҪı֡

۳Ļɽڣÿ˶뵽ڴ
󷨵ÿ۶֪ģȻˣһѰһˣ;Ƕȡˣ
һõһʵٲۣܿɱɱκˣ
Ͼ̫̬ˣң棬ſֲĻ֮ĹһõֻҪϼۣõ˲Ķ򣬶Ӳٵʵ
Ҫǣ֮Уǿ鱦֮ǿ󷨱һʵֺֹһ㣿
ˣޱȵ̰ĳ֮£еǣٴεķˣ
ðȵĹâļŻɽڳȥǰ浲·ģֱӳɱ
䣡
ۡ
һӰ͸һ۵Ԫʹֱӱը
ҲǷŭĽûȫԪըҲ˺ù
ۡ
Ȼ͵һ٣ѪǲŵĿ⣺ܣΪˡ硪ۡ
һѪۻû˵꣬㱻ܡ͵ɱȻһʬ˦ԶˣѾŻɽڷȥ

ĳ棬ݣɱ¾ϵļ
˲ûǰ壬ֻվ󣬶վģĪ۵һаˣڤ۵һˣȻҲʮûж
Ƚ֮ǰһȺˣûжһȺˣӵĿ¡
Щ˵ʵ׺ףÿˣֻ¶лѰ١
лѰŷϣҲһȺ˵ļɵȻЩ˿׵ʱ򣬶΢΢Ȼһ£ȻɫǱøӵأ
ûƲһǰھˣûΪһѪ֮лˣܶΪʵˣȴĿ׵ϡ
״˿̵ֵƣòٵ۽߶оǺܶʵǳ˵ãǰʼ־Լƺһȵĸо
ֽɥĳνǾ޴֮
ЩûԵͷȻǰҲ˲Ҫǵ档
Щ֮⣬ڤˡ
£ãڻҲѾ֣ڤ۷ż
ߵۣжŮʵҲû˿ȻѪ֮Уûܵʲô˺
˿̣ڤϴһЦݣˣڤûжµۣȴΧ£
ǺǣڤǺܼǳģʱ˭˵ţȡȻֱӽߺߣСӣҿɽ
ڤ˵ţɫȻ䣬ָ͵Ļ£ۣȴǶȻ佫˰Χ
ۼսɿ׷ÿһʱȿֺĽɽڣʮȴ˿ңȻûɽڳȥ
лѰŷϣѾ׼ƴˣ˿иԵĺżƷĻָҩȻͬʱĶܣƺʱҲ֡
֮սȳ־ͻռˣǺһԿǺԵġ
ͬȸӦ£ȳ÷ôֵˣԻᴦơ
˿̣֪ڤҲϾԷȻʵȴ͸Ĵ֮ԲǺƽģο¼ɽĪ۶ڣʵڲڤŮûӣڴ˿̺лѰǿս
ϣܶ鶼ǿƾܳɹģ׶²սĿԵĲ²ﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮϣǱϾнٷ֮һĸǣڤŮӱ¿ˣ⻷Сˣ
ѾͰϵˣȻѪӡ֪׵飬ȻҲ֪ĴڣһѪӡʵûбҪġ
ھƵ£ҲӦǲϧ¶ģһ㣬Ƶĺܾ׼ҲǵѪӡߵ뷨Ϊ
ʵҲȷʵˣڤƣȻٴζˣ漴ۣͬʱʹ˿µʱ侲ֹ򣬶ʱ׵壬ȫĲܶˣ
۱Ͼۣʵ̫ǿˡ
ʱŷϣлѰȴȻѾʱ侲ֹ͵ػߡ
Ѿˣ˷ĹѾߡ
ʱ򣬿ռ΢΢һ٣Ȼ䣬ŷϣлѰ˿ֲĸоԼ˾ȻȻ˻ȥʱ侲ֹҲƣ
ɫʱ󾪣ʱ䵹˷򣡡


396 ֮1
ŷϣлѰʵǿ󣬶֪Ҳȫ棬ۺڵǿߣһܸʱ䵹˵ķ
ʱ䵹˵ķۣǳǿߣһӹɵġ
ŷϣлѰʱҲŵ˳ȥ׸ԭӵеΣԶ˿
ڵĵطһµŮӶȻ֣ȻһһٳڤԼߵˡ
ͬһʱ̣͵Ĺעһǿ嫵۳Ϊʵʵķɽһ㣬ȻһΪֱӵڤ˷
ⶸȻı仯ʵ˷ʤ
ڤ۵Ȼûд󣬵԰ǿߣǼûʲô֮ģȻڤʵҪǿ󼸷֣Ǵ䲻
۸ȴǶʱɫһͼǿе˲룡
ѹȣʹǸ˼ɲ
ֻǰʵӵʵʵԨۣɱоŲСĽ˰Ҫɱٵۣôʧ֣
һɲǣķɽž˵ٶȣﵽ˼£
ۡ
ͬɲǣɽ͸ǿᴩͬ屻ᴩ֮緢ѪȻһ
ţжŮ֮ǰĲҺ֮

ء
˵ʬ壬ӿ£Ȼݺݵˤ˵ϣң֮ǵʬ壬ڲͣĳ鴤ţһһģþòͣ¡
ֱɱʹ࣬ˣǵ嶼һʹ֮У
ֳ棬۵ȶɵһݵģ߻ûмôݵģ
ڤµʵΣڳп֮ǿۣô׵ıɱһһУ
һУɱǿۣ֮Ҫôֲʵ
ڤǱɵһľȴǱǿĽˣҲײĵԶҲѪ
˫ĿԲ˫֮ԹĿ⣬ĺأرǿ׵ʱ򣬼ֱǺ޲ý̻ˣ
׶Ŀ⣬֮ɫ䣬ϣȴֳŪ֮ɫ
ߣɱҰڤ˵ǻĲͷˣɱ
ʵҪ׶˵ʲôһ֮ɱ֮󣬱Ѿ˹ȥ
ʱĪĿ֮ж˼ԥǴȥæִʱ˵
ڤȻϷŹˣʱŭġĥ£ٲ֣ڤʲôˣ˵ĻҲù
ĪɫȻмպ벻ʣȻƺʮֵķŭȴҲѹ
˲ɷ˵ʱ֮£Ҳ˹
Ī¶ǿߣ˿һа˺׵Ű˹
֣ڤʵһΣʵ
ʱлѰŷϣǿ⣬ºɵҲ˰ӪȻһ⣬ôҲֻбɱĽ֡
սʼǲ۴ɱ׵⣬һʼ׸Űػ˲ɱκι׶Ч
ǣһսʼˡ
ǿ֮սһЩȻʵȴûг֣֪Ī۵ݺʮ۶ͬûһ㣬ǻɽڷ˹ȥ
ȻǿлѰЩ۳ܴ󣬶Ī۵ҲЩǵģȺ˶ѡ
ڤŮˣ˵񣬾۶ǰӲһ£Ȼֱ˲ƳڤߣȻ͵ĳ֡
ǿ͵ڤĺϣۡһڤ͵һѪĵǰ˵
պޣһоȻûɱڤз꣬ʱմٷһУĪ͵ĳ
׹ٵ˹۵Ĺâʹð˲һ£ʱĪкȻöͬըһĶ
ⶫɫ˸ɫ׵绡ⶫһ˲һĳŷϣлѰߣȻּ˲һʧˡ
ԭ֮Ī۱أɫըһķҲʱ˻
ɫأڤߣʱڤѾżƷĻָҩȻһѪһˡ
ڤػţĪȴĿܡ
ֻ򵥵Ľ棬ĪۣѾɱĸĸ£ŷϣлѰɱģȴǱڤ۵ʱ˳ɱġ
Ůˣû˵ŮˣߣڤһһֱָƬ̺˼Ѫɫվ˵
ĪۣԼ˸Իʣµһ£Զû˵
׵ĿУȷʵ֪˰֣Σ԰ʵǺʤ㣡
ʲôˣʹлѰŷϣǿİָӣΪڤɻ
ԣ΢΢ҵһЩ˵ӣӦ󷨴ʦףЩĪƺڽȻһ
Ī۵ҵõܱײ˵ãٶΪѸ٣ΪѲ߻꣬ѾﵽѲߣҳΪѲߵʱʵң¿ʱ䣬ʹﵽ磬ʵ𾪣
Ī۵Ļڤ۾ǳһ
˵ǰڣﵽ磬пǰ֮ǰʱ򣬶ԷѾﵽڵԲ磬ǰʱ䣬ڴﵽǰڣ̫ˣ
ˣ辡ڤ۳
Īԣ΢΢һȴΪȻ
ϸƬ̣Ȼ˼

ɽһͰĵطĴڴһۣԭʧˡ
û˵ʲôлѰŷϣҲҶ˵ʲôڰ˴ĵ׸оη
ʧ˿ȴ뿪ˡ
ʵϣֻ֪ǽʱ֮жѡ
԰ʵʹʱɱЩǿߣǶǿˣǱҪʱ򣬺ٻȥⷨģۺĪһǱȵ·ߵ£ǲᶯ÷ġ
ۺڵǿߣһ㶼Ǻܸ߰ģǺܲмʹ÷ɱˣһ㣬ڸ֮󣬼ÿ˶
Ҳͬˡ
εսҲһˣҪʹʣһ
ȻɱڤҪˣûɣٴڤ֣ȻֻǵڶҪ
ͺñһûɱڤͲɡ
ҲɻͲ¼ɣڤδѣʵǱɽԨһ˲ٵʵ
ңĪˣͬǿķƴʱǵķ
ΪҪǣڣҶ޷ȷڤʵʵжǿûǿķ
ף˵
ԣҲͷǣЩҲ뵽ˡ
ĸһ㣬ϾڤΪѩ½伶ûֶΣôô궼ûе̨
͵ܣŮǰ֪Ǻηˡ
лѰѯһΪȷʵǿһ棬˿̰뿪ֻ޻Ŀˡ
Ͼ¶ˣֻ籾һѾʼ׼Լһɱˡ
ԣ֪лѰŷϣĵǣɵ磬ǰһƿһӡ󷨣˽˳ҲˣӦ££Ѿˡ
Ԩ۾ɱİɣоҲǵİɣлѰȻʵ


397 ֮2
лѰȻ뵽һ㣬Ҳûбʾ֣ϾлȻ飬лѰǺġ
ʱôźȻŮΣաԨ۾ôأһ룬뵽֮ǰ˵лѰǰ
׵˵ͷûзϣлѰȴǸмĿһۡ
Ҳܿ˵Ǿ׼ˡ״żֵȻЦ˵
ɽ״̬֮£Եı֣ԼЩš
ɽ״̬£ƿصȴǱƽǿ̫࣬ȻţȴҲûʧ̬
ŷϣʱĶ׹Ŀ࿴ˡ
뵽֮ǰԼĿȻԼһֱĹ۵㶼ˡ
ң׵ϣԼȷʵܡǳ
߰ɣֱȥɽ˫ˣ˵ҲҪģǰǰأϾε顪ɱڤûǲصİȫ⣡
׽˵ȻֱʹŲƵķţʱȻѾĪ۵˼ˣҲ¶ˣҲûʲôصˣֳһֵʵŻЩĥ
׸ŲƷţٴεлѰŷϣһ£뵽˴漣̫࣬лѰһҲˡ
ŷϣһ·ϼʶĶ࣬ҲѾľˣֻľĹ֮УִҲϵļ
һţҲһ漣֪Ժĳɾͻôľˣǰڣͣ뵱һǰڵʱֻԶԶڵʵ
һﵽۺڡ⽫ôһ漣ǿ߰
뵽ŷϣȥˣΪԽȥͻԽԽ֮ѹҲԽԽ
Ϊŷϣ뵽⣬Ҳһõģһ뵽ЩĻ˵ڤˣǾԲŹ׵ġ
ȻҲۼĲҪͱԿ⼸ȫ·һζţףܻܿᱻнĨɱ
׵ԸķͰգŷϣֻ֪Ǻߡ
뵽ЩŷϣкȻһлѰһЩ£лѰ΢΢Ĭ֮󣬱ݺݵĵ˵ͷ⣬ڸϽһͬѶܲһҪãκεʧ
ǵȻŷϣ˵ͷ
˵һͬѶ˻ȥȻԶ˱ϾǿۣȻЩ򣬵ǻǴѶ˻ȥ
Ѳߴ֮УżѲԼ伶׷׽ӵѶ֮򵥵һȻȫİлѰ˵ȥ
£ǽ׼ڵĵطػ˼лȻȫıͬʱҲľǧ˿öٻ˻Ҳһͬػ
ӽĹУŷϣ֪״˶ԵѶѵõʮֺãЩҲΪ׵ڣһвȣ¾ʹĲˡ
˴鵽¾İûи֪ס
֮У׺ŷϣˣҲѾ˻ɽڲ
ɽǲʱ緢⺣׵ĻɽԲʲôöΪĻ棬ͲĻ档
ⲻ֮Ļ棬һֲ֪Ļ棬ֻ棬һմôͻ񳬼綾һϵĸʴȫȫȫĳ
ֻ棬ܲɣҲȼ
ǿǻɽ֮УĲ̫࣬˳Ǳˮ񣬷˻
ǿĻ棬ƽĺˮȴγĳ棬ʵ˺ܲ˼ġ
Ȼǰ·ˣҲֻǷһ·ѣĵط⺣׻ɽȴûжӰģ˵ػӰ֮⡣
һ󷨣ϾҲֻһ䷢á
СĵŻɽͱ£Ϊûж֮շж£ԵѣлѰˣҲͬˡ
ǰԶʮ۲ʱתŷ򣬽صףһҲֻôţûпİյͼߡ
ڤһҲγһ壬׵
ʱлɽ緢֮Уͱڵȵķ϶׵˶ܵĺɡ
ܿ죬Ⱥ˱˻ɽɽףʮγɵһڼ֮ɫЩÿȴҲûж˵ʲô
ʵ׵׶µĻʵЩֿܵġ
ͬģڤɫҲÿȴûг֡
ʵͬĸĪ⣬ΪҪǣͬģûΪǿУûǿķڣڿһ˵ʱҲ֪ǲǾߣ
Ȼ˶֪ǶԿ϶һΣգŮ˾ͳģ֮ǰһͻأĳ֣
ڤ뵽ףлᣬҿܣߣʱڤ֪һʲôˣ
Īۣȴ뵽ֳ˶ٹ۲ǰʵֻԨۣŮɱģˣʵڲ򵥣ҲôöԸģҪʹΪУӦôӴķ֣Գ֣
Ī۶֪һۺڵǿߣһԼ˻Ǻģ˵ɱԷˣǾвԷ֮ˣôͻߺܴԼϵѹͻʹ츳ˣ޷ȫĵͶ
ҪһţʱѪУҪɱ
Ī۵˵뷨ڤ뷨ɵĺܶ࣬Ҳ˵һŮ˷ʱǲʲôǵģֻԹޣԾԶֶȥ
ȻڤôһŮˣ
ڤ˵ĳ֣׵֮У׵ȴĻᣬҲˡ
ص׳һ޴ܶһĵط֮⣬һŵľ޴ҽ٣Ļţš
ͨģðž޴ȵϢռϷȴ֮һɹɾ˵ĺ޴ţ಻˱ܡ
ʹ̫Ŀռ䣬żȵĵطϺĵطů紺ĵط˫ĵط
ǰһɽͨǰɼȼûС
ǴһۿȥȴǿͬʱǰдССɽÿһɽһ·
·з·гµģҲгϵģ˷ɽʮ͹졣
ɽ֮Уʵķϵ𣬲ʱ顱ͬһĽʬѪ
ЩȻĶǣ֪Уһ·ͨһر֮еģ
ر֮УͼûмشĻôر֮Ум¼Ż
νĻҲνҲԳ֮Ϊ򣬵Ȼ֮Уĸ࣬򣬻ǻҲֻ֮佻ڵĲַѡ
ϸ˵⻹ֻķ룬û쵽ԭ֮УЩԭӦãȴ漰ĵΣ
ΣȴʵڵģҼ˱̬ǿ
һ㣬֪ˣʮֿ϶ģ
ʱ䡢ռ䷨֮⣬ʵķУдСǿ
Խ࣬ںϵԽ࣬ȻʵҲԽǿ
˵ʱռ䷨֮⣬˲ֵɱ¾
ʱֻܸ򲿷ֿռ䷨򣬵󷨷Լ淨ȵȣǶмָˣȻ࣬󷨷ãȴҲʹЩܺܺõںá
ǽЩ򶼺εںϵһ𣬿˵ںȫеĳΪǿĹĹ
Ϊһͬ˸ַʹܻ֮ںϣһǿ󶼲ܡ
ЩȻ֪ѡ񣬵Ҳ֪ǵѡ񣬻ᱻڤ˸
ǣ˼һ£Ȼ֮һĨݵЦݣ
ڤˣѾЩ˽ˣŮ˾һݶԹѣȻܲʵװɵķݣϸ˵ЩΪǴͷˣ
ɵ֮Ҳ̫أһ㣬ñƣ


398 ֮3
ΪǵˣǺĵģҵʱǡǡҲԹƵһȺˡ
뵽Ӧ̹֮Ȼ˼֣˵ϡѪӡڱһ㣬Ѫӡ׵ӣҲϾӻûзþһҪʲôѪӡȻҪ֤׵ȫȻѪӡߴף׼Ȼ֪һУѪӡȴ֪Ѿ֪ˣô׷ѪӡߵڣһǾеͨġȫõʲôѷֻҪעĵطעһ£ˡ
˺һ״̬ԾԵ⣬㽫⿴ķǳ͸
Ҳϴŵ򶨵Цݣ˷ƺøȴӵ׽͸ˡ
ŷϣΪһŮˣĿһۣвɶʱ㱻һ£ơ˵ѵõʣʵǶһǿŮȾǿߣоǿơ
˿ŷϣһذɫսףս׽յĹϣӳĵʮԸУȻΪһŮӣи˺ܶΣǲĸ飬һ㶼ֻŽһαֿ
ں˫֮飬һǺٷġ
֮ˣ˵עؾĽ˵Ȼܶۻ֮ŮȻ꣬ʵȴܶҲǻĴŮ
Ͼһ㶼޷ĻϵĽڶ֮˶ԣǲġ
ڶӵĻ£Ҫ彻ô˵̶ܳȣҪﵽԵĻβС
ϾΪһǿߣԽΪԽҪɵԷ룬֮أ
ŷϣĲһ£̲סһԲλĸоɵһֹ뷨뵽ǺӺ彻Ļǽһʲôܰͬһƣʵ̲סĻһԭʼĳ嶯
ŷϣŬѹԼ뷨ҲΪԼȻ뷨֪񵭵ԣʹڵĴ󳹴֮󣬽ͷŵѵ״̬ڳ˸֮˸ַ棬׵ı֣ȻˣŲСĳ
٣̬ĳԼƷĸĪ⣬̲סɵġ
׸ĪЦЦЦݣǶڤġ
лѰŷϣ֪ȻŵĿ⣬оʮֵİ
ڤԭʹףʹУ浽ףϾ֮ǰһпڤѾжܲ͸ڲͨз˱ûд׷ֿ
˫мɵһǰôǸҲûʲôΣգ
ڤ뷨ҲΪ׵ģǴ˿̼׸ĪЦݣһ˿Ҳû̫һ£
ⲻԼ뵱ȻļıѣΪľ֧Լһ˵Ŀġ
ԣ׵Ŀ⣬ҲͬһȻǲмĿ⣡
ֻĿȴ׵Ŀ𺳵ĸоȻҲһ˿
ִӱ֮пϲ͵ıһ۶ԷʵΣʵȶ޹صġ
һǿıܣ
״ڤ۵һ˿ãɻ󣬻𾪣Ȼв¼ɣ
Ҫһˣкܶ࣬ⲻǰల£һһȺ˵󣬾ͲᷢΣա
֪Լһ󷨴ʦֻҪߵ·;֮;¼󷨣ЩƣӦ
һ㣬ڤֺۣγ֪
Ӵ˵ڤۻпǵģһ˲ֻԼĪ󳬼ǿߣĴڣԸµ󷨣ȻҪȶԸɽ̬µɱҪ׵Ķ࣡
뵽һ㣬ڤҲʶһ⣬ǾǣҲɽһһһȴǶƺŪ˹֮У
ȻЩʣʵ뵽׺ɽһͬΪʱֲ㱻Ŵˣ
ǣڤȻҧҧǾ͸һˣҲ²ǿ϶֪ͨзΣǶܶȹôֺγܣ˵˵ף׼ʵ˵ã;ǲɱ֮ĶӦȴҪӦɽ֮еΣҪɵ̫࣡
ڤľ˵ģȻȻҧгݣԪΪֻ˲޷жεľ
Ǹһ󣬱·ٸһ󣬻һˣҲû֪
ʱȴĪЦЦֱӵĿ˵ڤһȺҪ;Լ·ɣҪ͸ߵˣ
ָ߸ϵĳ񣬾ӵķڤһˡ
ЩԭǸ߸ϵģ˿ȴ䣬һӶʱɨˡ
ңֻҲ㲻ʲôеڣôӣĶˡ
ڤպ֮ȴȻЦ֪Сҵȵ۾ǲССһʶǸ߸·ʶȷĵ·Ǹ棿ߣΣ޷뿿Ŵ̼ķǲ·ߴߺߣ㵹ͦãô޴ô
˵ĶԻһһ𣬿νǾ֮
ڤӣȿ·һȺ˸סˡ
һȺ˶Ŀһۣ뵽һ˵ʵʱѡš
Ȼ֪ȷ·ǻǰ
һʮһˣҲͣҲˡ
ЩȻڤǣǼȻطˣô
ȻǲܵģôãʲôûȻ֮ǰѪͷƤ飬ĻŻңҪľ£û֮ˣ
һ㣬ԵĴ̼һȺˣڤĻòֹڴˣ˵һҲ֪ȷ·һĻֵܻһǰ棬м䣬ȻһȺ˾ںš
һȺ˸׵󣬶ڤš
һ֣ڤһˣΪ
˵Ľƻ֮ʲôҪˮ˲Լͳɣ
Ȼ֪ڤթһ֣Ҳ׶Ů˸߿ôһ㣬Ҳֻôһѡ
ԣɵȻһЦ˵ʲôɣҲǣʮ·ֻһ·ǾԵ·Ҫߵľ·
ҲǾͲˣô˵޴
ǵģɽĶҪ˺õõĻǾ̫ˣľʮ·ȻΣգҲǶǶлﵽ֮еĲر
ڲر棬Ż֮ĵã
׵˵
˵л֮ķ򣬶ʱһۣ˫Ŀ죬֮еֿȣֱͬ˵ĶǿΪζĸһ㣡
׶ЩȵӶȻ˵һܶ˸ǲˣȻΪʲôҪ֮߱·
룬ĵ뵽һ㣬Ϊ֮·һͨô뿪ˣʵֻһĶѡ
˾˵ˣűҪѵȥѰܺãôҸߴңһҽ˲رôǺٳȥˣ
ʵ˵ô࣬ǰŲţԼѡɣڤŮˣĻǵʱڻңɹֲ˭ˣЦ
׵ĻкܴģΪһߣΪһѲأ׵Ļܶлǿ϶ġ
ߺı֮Ĳͬڣһ㶼ܹ˼ңǵģˡѣ
ЩǣȻʵǳǿ̬ڣɽĳ֣ʵһ֣ʱЩҲˡ
ɾɱǿߣȻֻ֮֮ĹҲһĴڵģǵõȷʵǳѡ
Ե·Ӧþ뿪Ψһ;ֻѶȻ
Щۣÿһ˶˺ܾãȻ֪ȡᣬƴľһ߻ᣬΪĻᣡ
ԣУѾѡ񣬶ڤۿǹʹڻҶֻǰޣȴǾһҪߣԽԽŲɸ˵ܣ


399 ţҪۣ1
ʵһսһ£Ҫȷķڤ뷨ȻЩѶȣǴɽ״̬£ȴԵࡣ
ʵʵĻڤ޴жϡ
ײ˵ǻԣ뷨ҲǸԼж϶ģȷʵоʮ·ܾܿʮ·֮ͨУӶܻȡ֮
һ·пͨ棬ʵϸпһŷֲ·ҲһΪʵϵ·һġ
·оһѡ⣬ѡ񣬾Ҫͼˡ
ûеͼĻҪʱΪ·ǽģǶģҲ˵һ·ǲͬʱ䣬·ͷֳ˲ͬͨ
֮ǰ˵Ǳ飬ʵû̫˼棬һִżȰ˵ζ棬ϣôۣҪ档
ǺȻȵλջǷǳ޴ġ
׵ĻֻЩ۸ӵķѡ
뵽˿̣Ҳٶ˵ʲôˣʵ˵ûѾˣǼȻЩ˲ŵĻôҲûʲô˵ˡ
Ҫǣײϣݺڤʱ򣬶Ϻܶ۵ȻײɱˣʮۣǶУôͲˡ
һ㣬ҲҪġ
˼ŵʱ򣬴лѰŷϣѾ߽еһͨĵ··ĵ·ûκεĲͬҶвٵ··м䣬Ҳߣڡ߷֡״̬Ĺ켣ϡ
˵ɽͨɽûκεĲͬ
׵ѡʹڤ˶ٶһ£Ȼڤһֱӿٵĸһʮۣѡ񣬽Ȼ۸ڤ˵
ɽ֮УһȥȻת䣬ʱһصĸо˵Уһִżֲ뱯׳ĸомѹ֣ǳأ
һϹŵսżһоż˵ء
ĴţͬŽһʵ϶
֮УȻֻǺȵɽȫĲߡ
ƳżİϵϢȴԵóơ
׿ٵ֮дţÿףƺʹﵽ˾ͷһһͬռ֮һĹȦҰɫģĵɫĻһĹΣĵ㣬һޱȵĺڵ㡣
û·£һױܵľ뵽ˡʱⶫȷʵţʱһ
״ӵͼ֮е֪ⶫʱ֮šҲɽһʱںϷá
׺ԥ˽ȥʱԪһݵĸоΪǿңԪƺʱͣʱСһݣƺ޾ͷĸоľ
״ɽ״ֿ̬ǿһֱ侲
״ͷϵƽʹ֮лѰŷϣôġ
Ƕ׵ΣѾܸˣ׻һ׶£ֻʲôҲһѣ㲻ʲô
˵ɣڤˣȴɣڤˣҪȻɷ֮ĶҪ׵һ˵͵Ϯ㣬Բɡ
ͬĹȦڤԥһ£룬˻ǻعͷλۣλкǲޣȴǲŲҶ˵ʲôĽӶŹȦȥ
ȻԪݵĸоʹľ̲סҺһ濴ڲڤ˾ǺһŲҸϡ
Ƭ̣ڤͲסˣĪһӣ˳΢΢Ȼô˽ȥ
ҽûٴδƬ֮Īۼеû飬㵱֣ڤһٵĽ˹Ȧ֮С
ֻǽȦ֮УһȺѾ֣׵ѾһȦˣһȺҲӿٶȡ
ҽйӣҪڻңڤԲỳԼὫǣ

˽ʮʼʱڤ˾Сģ̱ϵظڤҲ𽥵ķ
̣һֱڳϾ·ܳңԶÿһʱ֮ţô֪·;ٴֿռ֮ˡ
ӿʼСжϣ֮̽Уٵͬҳ㷹һ⣬һжô
˿ûԥĽ룬ʹڤҲ⡣
ʱţܿʱ䣬ȥˡ
ڼ䣬̻һģȻΣգһССΣգ
ڵ죬Ȼɵǰ·ڤˣȴЩͷˣʱһ˷𽥵Ļָ˽̬
ֻǣְȫĹȥ֮ڤ˺ķȴȻյһҲЩպ޺
죬ڤҲٲ̽ˣ׵˴ǵߣҲ켴ҪȥʱͬûзΣա
ǾڽһȻʮƽǰ׵Ȼǵ˽ȥڤҲ޷˽ȥ
ǾʱڤжȻһɿµĸоڤ˼˲ػķȻ͵һ
ȻûзǼʵȷʵǿǺһռ֮ţ˲
ֻǣˣڤĪˣȫ飬Ѫˮĩϵ䣬Ǹνǲ֮
ǱٵĻ˵һ㣬ԵѪģĲˡ
Ƕ۶ԣԪ𣬼ΪǱ͸Ҳʲô˵˺
˼ѪһǱǣҲż˵ķŭ
ûºۣȴ̤һ˲㱻ɱһûü
ٶȣ֪֮󣬾ӦýΣ򣬵ʱжʱ׽жٶȣʹԭպŻֵ·ߣ֮󣬲Ż֡
һ·ϼ򵥵Ķ̬ϵĹƣʹڤ˹Ȼ
Ȼǰĳһʱڤ˿޷ʵȴȻȻʱûʲôĵЩɵġ
иģȴ⿴ƾ԰ȫһ콫ҪǸؼʱ̡
ʱˣ϶ԣǰٷ֮ٵġ
ʵҲ֤һ㡣
ɽ·ߣÿһ·ߣʵҵг֮Уǰȫޱȵģ֮ΣղŻһ١
Ȼѡĵ·ſʱ򣬱ѾΣա
׼ʱſҵʱżǰʱлѰŷϣ˽ȥȻʱ䣬ǡøڤ˳һ
ʵϣҲԲֹЩ
ڤ˳˿ԭصȺƬ̣üƷҩָ˴룬ϸķ
ȻǷĳЩĹ֮󣨵Ȼֻ̽ԵģҲһľǹɣֻԼ뵱ȻڤȷһȽϰȫʱΡ
ڤѡһܰȫʱΣȻ͵ĳ˽ȥ
һףŻһʱ֮ţʱ֮ŵɱȴĺ
һףĻ棬Ҫһʱ䴩еġ
ڤ˸սѾվʱ֮ŵԱߡ
ڤŭգʱ˼˹ȥ
Ƭ̣ڤѾӽˣʮס
ʱû˿ԥʱ֮š
ȻԹʱ֮ŵĿڤ˾Ͳţǡʱ֪Լһ̸
ȻܣҸ֮ǰĹɣڤһûʲôġ
һЦȻĪۣٵĳʱ֮ųȥ
Ȼڽʱ֮֮һɻԵᴩڤ׵屻˲ֻ
ꡪ
ǿĻֱӽֻ鱬ˣڤŵ˲ʱ֮ǿĻ


400 ţҪۣ2
ֻˣڤȻһûôˣȴֱǸķˡ
飬а֮ĪףƵԼʲôʱǸԼһʲô̬
ڤʮջֻǿķôĸˣһӻûеطоʵ̫ˣ
ڤˣĺĪҲǱѣȻڤ󣬵ǹɻĹǺǿ󣿣ڤǰֵһ£޴ڣΪûпػٴȫǿԪػһΣĺĪ۶֪ԼֻǾ군ˣ
ҼǿԪػҲǿĻ
ͷڶ亹ɭɭң׿µƣ˸֮
뵽ģǴżݵЦݣǾͲЩĸо
ΪһλߣۺĪ۶֪Ƕָо֪ǶôѲ
֮ǰ۴֮￴УۣһҲ⣬׸סˡ
ãڻָĺܲʱڤٴεĶǰʱ֮ŷʱҲӵĽˡ

ԴӵڶεƵڤ˵жʱױ㲻ٴЩˣϾҪĿĲΪɱˣȻڤʵڿɺ޸ɱ
˲ܻʱ֮ţ׵ξʱ֮ŵʱǰܻһ󷨣һԻ󷨣󷨣ôΣǿԸڤ˵жϵġ
֮УҪ߳ȷʵѡ
֮оôһһ󷨣ûѡֻܴǰ
ܲɣ󷨵ǰʱ֮ţ󷨺ʱ֮ϵһ޷жϣ޴ж
ȻһЦŷϣлѰú֮󣬱ʱ֮֮С
ʱ֮ٴһΣʲôоûУܿ죬ױһ
սֻ֮ޣͬʱ͵ĳ׹˹
Ȼ˲ߵĻԵЩխֻ޲йǽǰȫķ
ޣۺڵޣǿ֮ŷϣлѰϣһܴĹ
£Ѿð֣ʱûô̬ʵֻ޸㶨΢΢һ٣ŵλ֡
ŷϣлѰһ·һֱٶ֣ٻЩĸоܾԼ۳׵һ㣬Ȼȫܾûʲôӡ
Ȼ˲̫ӣﻹǹȥġ
¼ײУȻǰޱȽǿ󣬵ȴͬʱˡ
ױŷϣлѰ󣬶˺ֻ޵սҲǼ֮
һԹۿдǲС˾뿴Щǿս׶ԣôҲǶġ
֮ս˵һ졯֡
ûдﵽʱ򣬶֮սǿģӰ϶
׿ģҲֻӰѡ
ԼĪӵʱ䣬սѾˡ
ۿǿߵս׵ĸܺҲܴ󣬵ǻõĸȴûж١
ǳֵȻȴְʲô
ʱ䣬׵ľ͹ȥˣսҲϽˣλޣһˣлѰŷϣҲмǱ
ֻ˵ޣֱתʱ֮֮УʧлѰҲ޷ֹ
ȻǿŵҩлѰŷϣϢ˼ӣŻָһЩԪ
жʱ֮ŵʱ䣬Ȼڴһʱ֮ŵĽһ󷨣Ȼӳ˽ǧ׾롣
ȻЩмָӣȴʮֵЧڤ˸治ȻĻţҲҪһƤ
ʱ䣬ٴεĴŷϣ˽ʱ֮š
ӶĽʱ֮ţȻնɱ۾ޣһ˽ʮΣУһֱûзڤ˸
лѰŷϣٴεɱһ۵ʱǰڵͷˡ
һĹߴǰͶʹ˵ͬʱɳ˼֡
һֲĸоʱͷָо˵ƣ͸УҲȻ˲١
͵ܣӦõ˰ɣлѰ̲סʵ
ȻôգǿĺӣЩ֧Ųסˡ
ŷϣȻû˵㲵ģԼƫݵգ˵̣˵־ȣǼĥ
״ɽ״̬µģΪǳܵģ۵ĳ;棬񾭽ҲͬЩܲˡ
⻹еͼ£ûеͼ̣Ǿ˱ġ
ţȷʵˣֱ߳ӵĴﵽڲʱֻҪѰ걮ܽȡ
ŷϣлѰˣ׻ŵùģ˵ȴȻһĶǾΣգ
ǵģΣգȻлѰŷϣͬԼĸдһνѣûбѣܶΪѵĳ̫ͣΪܵջ󲻹
ţʵȻ˲пᣬҲܾ࣬Եĳ⻥໤ֵˣſĻΡ
һĸңȫֳġ
ûгɱ£ŷϣлѰǾҳϵѡ
׵ĻȻŷϣлѰԳ˼ɫȻҲڴһ
Ǻܿ죬˶˼һ£ͬʱ˵ף͵ܣһֱģлȡĻ˰ɣǱޣڤ۵ıʱֻǡ
ŷϣлѰ˼ԣȴЦЦˣҲҪÿʲôɽȻ˵ãʵʱǿõҲûʲôĳǴʵǿȷͷȻã
ٵʱһʵŲٵһᰲȫ֣
ҵĹףѲְλϵĹϰɣõĵãǿԷһġ
⻰˵ŷϣлѰͬʱͷȷʵװһߣװһǿߣڶʱڣǿ߱øǿŸӵľʵơ
ȻֻһȴӦǿԷģΪָһӰһͶӰǿԷĹۿģǼ侧ʯһֻҪάϵ꣬ǿԱʹõġ
ͺñһſ¼õḶֻ́ҪûĶԶڣ
׵ĴȣӮŷϣлѰһεľ⡣
Ͼ˻ڷ֮У
Ҫǣ׵Ϊ˺ˬҹŷϣлѰ͡
ãȻˣҲˣ뿪ĵط˵лѰˬ˵
˶ʱ񣬵ٴ֮дж
Ͱصǰ˻Ȼһͬλðֱ֮
ˮ̵ľ峺ɽȪ˵ļ۴αȵ¥̨ͤ鿣һλðĲʵΨ
̵Ĳݵأźͷ硢ůĳȵȣΨʵ̫ġ
ݵϣķ֮ͨС۷䣬峺˵㣬ƮĲݵһ
ɽǰɽ󣬴ׯƵȣô
һУΨһԵȱݣû̡
˶㶵ͣⶼסˣ
̫ˣôôĿռ䣬㿴ⷲ˽ϣ˵ʵŷϣ̾
ŷϣϸ۶ݵָָ׺лѰͬʱȥȻССһֻֻϣںڵĿӣͷ룬ôʵ
ⷨȻһ㣬һѰҰɣȥ￴˵걮ڴС
ͼָȻֻ걮ߵΣգĲûָԻҪġ
׵飬ֱӵĵõŷϣлѰͬ
ĵطҲž˵ΣգȻ⻷ƽлѰ˶Сˣ̫࣬ʹʶЩ걮õĳ·


401 ţҪۣ3
ڲźΣƥռ䣬ռϸѰţͬʱҲ߾ߵľ衣
һߣڤһˣǿˡ
ⲻ˵״·ȷ϶׵·ȷģܷ񣬺ܱŭ
׼ѾӰ·Ѿˣû·£ڤֻвϵȥ
ڼ䣬˵׵󷨸Ƕٿͷʱ֮ţǼĶˡ
棬׵󷨽ˣҲڤʵ㲻ĴεģǽҵĴƿʱ򣬽ʱ֮ţȻǡɾһʱ֮š
ǺأܲôӶģḶֱ́õùˡ
ڤ˸սһȻǿޱȵľżƷ󷨣ȻȻǸϾżƷ󷨣ѾԼĴżƷ󷨵żˣһľżƷǿ̫࣡
ң棬󷨣ȻѲסڤˣǴ˿ȴǴ󷨵ڲռ䣬һ룬µ󷨱
һοɲ򵥵Ի˵ôˣǳɱ
ɱҲǴѪ֮Ӧһʵ󷨣ȻҲǽѪԼѪ󲿷Ե󷨣ɱ˵ļ
̤֮УµӰ⼸ǰ
ڤĺˬɣߣ·̣ױ֪ʲô׵Ӱ˵仰ʧˡ
ڲףȴ΢΢һ漴ϸһ˿Ц⡣
ߣףڤȥˣȻҾҪȺͷ֪ʲôŽ磡ڤպޣȴˣ
Ϊʱ֮УѪ׵ȣĺըһһ
󷨿ռһ壬֮лʮСһ󷨿ռռݣҲޱӴ
׵ķѾģȻǿǶ󷨷棬żĥˣû̫Ѷȣ
Ҫǣ󷨣ģʱ֮ģʽ
䣬ϵڤϡ
ǲһٷĵѹ粻ˣȴʹ֮һĥ˷ġ
˵ڤŮˣһĬԵۣɲüͷҲһΡ
ڤŮ˸ɵĺ£ŭȵ
һĬۣ˿̺Ȼŭȣڤһ㶣漴ɫҲú
׵ٻ׷ɣʹڼڤȻģ˵ʲôб˵һο
Īɫŭôһ󷨻ûɱǶҪɱôǸҶ֣ĪĲˣ
ǱĵزһǻŭˣΪĴ½ףĸûصֶΣ
ߣĪǣΪûֻ飬ͶǣЦ֮ڤЦţȻóһö˸ɫεıһķ
׼ⶫһʮֵ𾪣Ϊⶫʱͣǳƣ
ۺĪɫ΢΢һȴ𾪣ߣֻΣ
˵ţͬʱҲóһı
УһöһĻתŰɫε٣ĪеģȴһͬһĹķɵ
ɫķɵ
˸һֶǵķɵ
١µڤɫҲȻˣ漴˺ȻŭƽһЦ
ȻҶû˱ֱһССѹƵزôģҲ˵ˣڤȻЦ
Ȼû˵Ī۵Ȼ¶ϵףҲͲʲôˣ֪۱һѹƵز磬Ҳûǵ֮ˣ
ʱˣÿ˵ƣȫ֮ǰǿмֵСǱģȴѾȫʧ
ɱڼϣͬʱ˷ĹΡ
󷨺Ȼ䡰ءһΪ촷ۣʧ
ռǰֻħۣɱ
֮Уÿɱһֻħֻۣħۡ
ڼʱֻ̣жݵһӣһӲһôԵģǡԵѣ
󷨣ϸ˵ڤĥкĥ۵һ׶Σǻᱬģ󷨣ֻӳʱ䣬ЩԸޡ
۱ͲһɱĻô֮ʵǿ
һԶĳܣǴﵽ㣬ֻʵнӽɽˮ׼ǿȣɽҲѪӡжǿ
Ǿһ̬Ĵڣ
Ƶһ㣬һ㣬ڤ˸ŵҪĴۣ
ڤˣȻ֪һ㡣
ֻޣֻ֮ǰɱֻģʵһһֻʵԽ
һΣĪǰ棬Щ͵Ĺ˹Īպ֮ɫһš
ޱߵŭѰ˷йĶеĽɫɵµȻ˳ȥ
һǿѪΪһɳȫ˿ǿĿռݣƣ
ֻǣĪԶ޷֪ʹʵԽǿɱЩԽ򵥣ôһֵ̳ޣԽ̬
ۡ
µŴ۵Ľɫһɱۣ޵ʬ壬Ȼ䶨֮УȻ˲仯Ϊ촷ۣʧ
ѪˮѪѪ𽥵ĵͬʧ
֮У֮һɹȵѪȵϢҲ˶ѣ
̣νУʯһ㡣
Ͷ֮ɱ󳬼ۣʵ˵Ǳ̬Ŀ£
µ鱦磬鱦鱦뱾Դʥ࣬ԴʥѾûƷ֣֮ǰ֣ȴƷͼƷ֮֡
鱦ΪƷ鱦ӵеҲǷǳֲġ
ͺñͨеľǹеM4A3һֶԱȣǺǿҵġ
һŹӵ꣬ôܺһŻǹ˶Կ
۱˼򵥵Ĩɱڤ۶̫⣬еķ鱦ȻҲ˵
ʵ㲻ʲô˹עģֻһ׿ʱ֮ţʱ֮ǰһ󷨣
Ȼµ󷨣žż󷨣ȴƺһųЦĿˣڲϵķһ
󷨣ڤ۸һ͵Ĳеķ١

͵һֻ֮áءһµľżԻ󣬱㶸Ȼ߽⣬촷ۡ
һ·ڤ˲֪ΣգĿʼ
׵Ҫ˵һӶѣ
һӺܿȥˣʱڤŸոռ֮ŵԱߡ
˿̱ɵӶ֪ʱ֮Ա߽ƹ绡˸ޱߵ治ϵʱȥ鱦ⲻҪ
ʱ򣬷ŭ޺𣬿ʼˡ
ЩɱޣΪǽ̵ģȻ󷨲󷨵ĲǲԳȵġ
˼ɵĵطг޶ȣ
ԹĨɱһΣЩһβʵ͵˾˵һأΪϾ֮ǰǱµĨɱģЩ޵ʵԺڤ˵ķˣ
޵ŭʹԭխȻÿ˺ܶࡣ
ԭֻǿȺ͸߶ȶֻҵ˿ȴΪԲ߶׵ľ޴Ŀռ䣡
ߣ΢棬ȥɣǿŭţͬ׵ÿ˵һ֣Ӧľ޴׵ƣư磬׹
һ̣ڤȻڵĺÿ
Ŷˣľһ
εޣĿϲ࣬ﵽʮֻÿһֻǿı̬
ϵּӲǿȣֻ鱦Ʒ
ȻƲãڤ˻һҧȥ
ٲֵĻЩһγɰΧȦô


402 ѪѪµ1
ʱڤ˱ûбʵʮֻ֮ǿҲʮֵı̬ڤĪˣͬʱʹǵȫʵ
˵ʵԲԷҪģǱ鱦ֻһѡ
ݡ
ƿ֮֮ǰĪһĨɱֻޣûʹõǿһΪ塣
һΣԭһΪµ˿ȴֻֻһɫĵâ˳ȥȻ󻹴Īۼǰ˳ɵʵ
ۡ
ȻĲʵǿǴ˿̣Ī˺ģȫһֻͬı˲Ĩɱ
䣡
޵ʬ嵹˵ϣȻѸٵĻӣʧ
ͬģһڤֻ۵ķ٣Լʵ˲ɱһֻޡ
ֻϹڤ˵ѹ˲٣൱ˡ
սѾ֮ܳΪˣӦ˵ǲҡ
һʱ䣬ٴεȥֻڤˣһҲǲƲοˡ
޵ٵֻʱڤһȻһĽֻ޸ɱ
һӸպֹȥˡ
ৡ
ȻֳֻΪǿֻۣޣȫ˸ڽɫĹâһ˫ۡ
ڻƽʨһޣҴ˿̵ޣѾ򵥵ˣֱ̬ս״̬
״̬һЩͨ˲ҪֲΪۣĪԼڤۣȴ֪һֻޣﵽ۾磬ʹս̬ôֻ˵ޣʮֵǿ
Ī۰˳ɵʵµǿĹѾԺ޶ԿˣҲ޵Ĺؼڣ
Լһ֮Ѿƣȴǽıڤһˡ
жǿ֪ģ޷㶨Ĵڣֻ˵ڤһʵܱ̬
Ķ֣һԼΪУǺǲġ
޷ֵĻȻҪ취ɵǱڵľ޴в
˿̣˵֮ǰһսĺܴ󡢺ܼѵĻôսѶǲ˵
ʱڤҲ˲ʲôˣֱӺЩƴˣȴֻ
ʱ֮ǰȥޣٴεĽһֻֻʼʮֻޣڶûȥһֻ£޵Ƭ̺˶ʮֻ
ʮֻÿһֻڤȫʵȫ൱ģʵԾʵѾûʲôˡ
ҪǣڤѾĵʮأȥ˱ɡ
أ
ڤ޴ֺݺݵĻУȻȫѣըһѪݺݵײ׿ռǽϣռ䶼һ£
һ̣ڤԴûбʱֿٵĳ˳γһµǡ
ʱײǽڵڤݶЩȻһĨ֮ɫ
أ
ͬ͵һ𣬽űײɹģȴۡ
ۡ
һӶϳأһأɺѪˮͬϪһ
һ̣ѵͬ˲ָȴƺûзʲô
ȴźڤһͷǾܣ
һֱۣ𿴳˶Էе˼˼ͬʱ͵˳ȥ
ʱѾγ˰ΧȦ˶Χ
ֽڤȴǺȻѶĪۣ֣ǰǵʱ֮ܣ
£ʵҲûбѡֻͬЭһ
Īһ˿ã
ĥǰ棬ʱ֮ŵķһΧסֻԼڤҪԵģȴʮֻ
Ȼģڤ˵ĪȴŲ
ûбֳʲôǽһܡ
̵ٶȣȻµٶȣ
˱ս߻ʱŽʹȻȻǱȴ˲١
˺Ҳǿ֧š
ʱٳȥĻ˺ܿȫ
䣡ֻ͵ĺҳǿʹ˼˲䶼ǿǰٶȣ
ͬʱһŨŨѪˮȻһ
ʱĪѾ׼赲ڤۣȻԼµڤĶסˡ
׼Ȼ䣬۵ķ͵ķ˼ǿ

ռȻôһ£Ī۵ģݺݵĺһһ㣬һʱѣʱһУȴʮɶȫģҷ鱦֪
ЩޣҲɲͣôݵƬ̣ʱڤȴˡ
ֻһ˲ڤԼȻݺĪ۵ϡ
أ
Ī۶Ȼ˳ȥڿеʱĪ˹ȻˣȴΪȻƶʮŭ

һļԦµڤ˷ȥ
˫ĿѪ죬Ѫˮϴϵ䣬ͷɢӣһͷ
ֻǣ˿ڤѾץסѵõĻᣬȻʱ֮ţʧ
ıŭǣҲڽìͷָĪۡ
µͬһ㣬žԿ񱩷ԼޱߵıŭЩ޷
ޱߵŭ𣬵ȼĪڵޱ߶Ӵȼš
𡪡
ǲϵ˻ԼĲҽ֮˷
˿̣ԭĪ۱޷ʬĳûг֡
Īۣ˿̾һħһµѾɽɫɱΪѪɫѪµˣҲڴۣһ״̬硪Ѫ
Ѫһ߻ħľ磬ѪԭҲ࣬һķľ磬һֲַ磬ûϸĻ֡
ۣԽ磬磬ȴҲǿ֮֡
һСӿԽ뷢ŭ״̬һҲͬԽ뷢ŭ״̬һ
ѪĪ룬ô䷢ӵĻ֮ȻС
Ƕ
Īۼȫķˣ˫ѪɫѾת˰ɫռ֮У˸ĵĹΣɭȻ֮
ܿ죬ʮֻޣɱһգѪµ޵Ѫˮ֮󣬾ǴƷ鱦ΪƷ鱦
ˣҲڳɾ͵µǿı̬Ѫµ
һǧףĪûпʱ֮ʲô״ֱ̬ӵһ̤˽ȥ
̣ȴǺܹġ
ڤһж˷Щߣߵĵ·ȻۣȴѾȽϰȫˣĪûΪĪĽֻ֮Ƶľ״̬ѪĪۣһֱ̣ӵĿԽʱ֮ţͬλһռ䡪ڲ
֮ǰŵλһĵطһֵʱĪ΢΢һ¡
ֻǼ򵥵ɲǣͻָ˹
Ѫ״̬׵ɽ״̬޼ĵĪʮԼʲôġ
ɫ˫֮УĹ˸ɫѾʮֵ侲ţĪ۸оԼ˿̵״̬õľˣ
ɽڲĪҲһ˿Ц
ǰǸСɽ壬Ī˫֮аɫĹâɨȻȻ䶨еһڰɫĹϡ
סлѰŷϣּˣ
ĪаͬһУֱӵĽѰ걮У˶ʱĻعͬʱԶȻվŵͬһĪۣɫЩѿ
ȻԸܵĪ۴˿̵ʵ˵Ī۴Ѫ״̬ʵֳƣ㹻εˣ
ڣ׸оΪΣյģȴЩǰѰɫͬһķɵ


403 ѪѪµ2
ǧ㣬׻ûƵһĻĪ۵ĺȻ֣׵ĺܶжϡ
˿̣ĪƣȻѾɱ¶
Դ˿̵Īۣ׶֪УлѰŷϣȫʧȥĵֿ
ԵʵĲ࣬սϲܴڽҡ
˶ݵľ룬ױް취
΢΢̾Ϣһ֮䣬ٴεĳ֡
ʱڵʱҲ˰С
Ҫ󣬱ǽɱ׵˵ʱ򣬼ΪĪ۵ǿ壬׵ıҲ̫
һһɫսף趯ģɫǺƮȻںڵĳ
ɫ侲ƺûж𾪣Ҳֳ˼ֵء
ƺĪ۵ʵԤ֮С
Ȼ㣡ΣһˣĪЦ
ȫڿٵķһǿԼЩѪĳ嶯ңһɹɵתУʹԼĻǿ
԰֮ǰĪ˼ԼǲʵҲǶԷĶ֣ڣ뷨ȴûдڡ
ڣĪ۾ãǵǷӡǿߣǴ˵֮еҲñǿ٣
˶ţͬԨsһ㣬Ʋŭ
ּսʹҲЩ
еʱϵתţɫĹΣĪеİɫѪµȴɢ˶ǵյ
󷨱ƺҲһƵĶš
ߺߣǼƷ鱦һǿռ䷨ߣƾⷨı֣ԿңĪɭȻЦʵЩ̶
ĻУ׵һ㣬ǾǣʱȻȻǼƷ鱦ǱϾǿռ䷨ĪеķսȣƺҪ֣
ң׸оĪѾ˰ʱļ̶Եڰٷ֮ʮ
ĪۣѪµĴӦôﵽ˿ֲİٷ֮٣
Ժ֮зţȻı˫ۡ
жϣһ˿ĲŰɫأ׺Ȼãˣڽˣ
ƾⷨѾ㹻ˣ˵
ݡʱȻ˳ȥ̣ʱΪǿ̬꣡
ʱĪҲˡ
ɫĹ˸ɫմٶȣ׸ɼ
ء
вʱײԴԼǿıը֮
ΨһԿǣĪ۰ɫӰ𽥵ıøӵ
Ҳ˵Ѿֳ˰
Ȼǿ󣬵ȻѪ״̬Ī۵Ķ֣ҪǣĪ״̬Źǿ͵Ʒ鱦
ң鱦ǱΪٷ֮ٵģ
ۡ
͵һڰɫѪ˵˻ʱһ׵УȻʧ
壬Ҳ漴ʧ֮Уԣ֮£ѡ񣬱ʱ֮Уͼٻָ
Ǵ״̬µĪۣôܻĻ᣿
ЦĪۿˣһƬѪ͵ıѹȹ
Ѫζ˳ʮ־޴ģ͵Ĵת
ײ̫ģϾһƣ׻ûжǾѪӡߣ˵ɽ
Ȼɽ磬ΪʵӣôĻ
ȴֳܱһҪװɵģװûơûһΪ£ȷʵ޷¶
һ֪ԼѾʶ˶ֵıʱô˺Ƶʱˣһ㣬ȫף
ͬģô룬Ҳô϶Ѿֳһ״̬ɫŭƴľġ
ɫѪµͬһͷ£͵ʱߵ·߶һͿ
˾ûֿ˹ֻѪƳ£ѹϢ
ԣѪµʱĿѾβӢĩ·
ѹȣлѰŷϣʱֻôݵһ˲䣬ƺоһɲǣʱѾȥ˺ܾúܾá
ɫѪµһĨɱ⣬Ȼ˷գۼ䲻Ѿ˵塣
ǣԭһͿĿռ䣬ˮ峺ɽȪ컨ȵȣȻʧˡ
ֻռͬһħһתһ£ȻеĻȣ׵ıˡ
һƬľ
ԭƵȻȴʪ
ЩںڵĺͷϿѹ˺һ㣬֮дľķҷɢζ
С겻ʱ£ܿȾʪŷϣ˵ĳ
ȫ϶ɽѪӡߣԾҪֳһ˿һ˿𾪵ģ
ô£ôûĪۡôˣŷϣ𾪵ĵ
οЦˣΪΪĪ۵һ̫ǿڲĽƣؿ˷ǣռȽ仯ĺֿˡ
˲²˵
лѰŷϣһƺƺʧģȻЩֲ
ǿׯ֮УȻν걮ĪѾǿһõ걮룡
֪˵ĵǣٴεѲµͼȻ޷֣ɿο˵Ƿģڲ֮ôһѰ걮
׵õǻɽô˵걮ľ֮У£˭Ҳûȷ
ŷϣлѰԣȻתһ룬Ҳȷʵˣ걮һڲУǻɽô
˽ӶıĲᣬʱ΢Ļָ˼ƣƻָ˲٣Ҳࡣ
һߣĪ۴˿ȫıŭˣ


404 ѡ1
ԭɱʹ֮ĳˣȴǲؼʱڲĻռ䷢Ťʹǽߵĳ˺Ȼʧˣ
Ī˸ž˵ŭѪɫһ̸
ȭͷĺ֮ܽе壬ܲסǿ֮ѹȶը
Īŭ֮˾һѪɫ磬Ȼ͵Ű˹ȥ

ѪɫӰ۵糸һ㣬ϵɽˮ֮ԣĪѰ׵˵䡣
һ棬ڤۺ˿νǱ
ԴĪ۱ֵ֮ԭ˵Ķ飬ѾʤΪˣΪΣϵûнͣʹܵΣոӵĴˡ
һ·ϣڤ˿νʹѹı죬źòҲ͸նڲ
ʱڲģڤ֮⣬ۡ
ۣȻһȺʮ˶֮еĳԱҲȻʲôӹˡ
ˣһΪⷮһΪ꣬˾ΪۣʵҲʮֲף֮ǰһֱûʲôĶ֮˵֮⡣
ⷮͬһ˻ΪϤ˿ҲѵõĽ˶顣
˸յڤĶˣ˫ǻӵĿһۣȴûжද
ⷮ˼ɵڤĵǿʵڤˣȴΪ;ʵȥ˾ųɣ˿Ҳûĺͺⷮս˫Ķһ֮󣬸
ⷮ뿪ڤı͵ػָԭޱߣɼҲнǧףΣգһ֪
ָ໥֣Ƭ̣㽫ָıȽˡ
ģý۸ĨɱȻǽȵõڲǱѷˣڤ˵
ԣ˵ͷҲд⣡һˣֻҲѾˣǧܴ⣬ý˲ĨɱҪǷĻᣡ
ţǺúһ£ʱϵʱ򡪡ãڤ˵ţȻоһϢ͵ĳײ˹ʱ͵һʱɶ˵תӣ
ڲԷУ޷Ųơ
ڤٶȺȻﵽ£һӰ͵Զ
ҲȻ׵Σյʱͬ⣬ڤȥ
ֻǣⷴӦʼһģһɫѪɫâأ͵Ĵռ˳Ȼᴩ۵Դ
еķ١ءһȻ촷ۣ۵ԴҲ˲ıը
ءһѪ׷ɣɫԽѪɫѪˮԼɭ׵ĹͷһʮֵĲ
Ѫ֮ԭԵм۱˲Ĩɱʹڤۼǵսľ
󣬴Ī۷ĿЦЦĲԭǷǵƽС
ӣҿӶԶˣɣ
Ī˫ĺѪ⣬е鱦ѪµͬɫѪɫ磬Ȼٴμ˳ȥ
ٶȣ˾ģǹ켣޷׽
ݡ
ƿ֮˲䣬ڤеֻ㽫ڤȫȡС
ɫѪµȻݺնɱֻϡ
ֻ͵һȻȻ̮ˣҷ˲仯һѷ档
Ʒ鱦޷ƷƷ鱦ԿģͬǴٷ֮ٵĳ̶ȣһȼľ룬һԽĳӴĺ蹵
תŰɫε鱦٣Ϊ۵ػ鱦޷Ī۵Ѫµĺ˲仯촷ۣ˵ռ䷨ֻˣ
ڤֻɲǣȻٴμ˳ȥٶȸˡ
ֻǣٶٿ죬Ҳ޷ʹ˿״̬Īȡ
ۡ
Ȼֻһûн鱦ѪµƣѾ㹻ˡ
ݺݿڤĺϣ屻һᴩӾ£弸Ǳ˲俳
ѪˮһƬԪ𣬼ΪֻҪԴǲġ
ĪȻǹģڵʵڤȫ߳һľ룬ڤԣһֻϣ
ˣĪһ㶼ЫĶŮˣúõĥһĪôܰݣ
ݡ
һһİɫɳڤһҽУԼز£ٴαȫ
޴ʹǲ˲䱬ըΪѪˮࡣ
ڤǷˣĲҽţ建ĳ˳ʱĪٴηɳһ
ڤĥͷɢȫһ㣬ͬʧȥ˹һĴҷɡ
Ī۾ǲ֣ڤ󣬲ʱɳһĥڤܣ
ڤ̼ȫķˣĪһЦ͵ĽѪµ
ѪµһɫâֱӴ͸ڤ۵Դ˳ŽԪ񣬶ڤ۵Ĳҽ֮ҲһȻֹ
ԭϣٴε徲ԭƵĲԭѾ֪ʱʼСꡣ
ϷŪ׷ɱ֮У˲һ֮С
С꣬ŢϢĲԭԼЩĻĪ۵𽥵ĳ𽥵ģȫѪɫ˫𽥵İȻò԰ס
Ѫֻһ״̬Ȼһ״̬ʧʱ
״̬Ȼ𽥵ʧ֮Īͬտһȫʧȥκε˾ôĵ˲ݵϣá
ȫ֮ǰķ֮Уһգԭڵ֮ǰѪ״̬ĪۻԼʹ״̬ʧ֪ȼ˾Ѫȼеȫˡ
꣬ţ磬Ǵġ
񵭵ˮϢˮĪۣ뵽ķܶʷ
һͨļ֮ͥгСܾӣɾȻǬͼ֮лѪµɾͱ½ĵ۾
ǰ𽥵ģѪµĵϵ𽥵ɬ
һ̣ĪۺȻЩһӣɱ¾֮УĶǶթ伫
֮Ҳ̹ȻҲ
Ԫ𣬼ΪԪһ𣬻˼أǾѪտգôҲǱɵˡ
һЩƷҩֻҪʮţϣġ
磬ҩһţʮֵʮš
Ѫˮ˱Ĳݵϣˮ𽥵ĸգĪ۵𽥵ģ
ǰԶƺ̤ŷɽģģģȴĪһ˿Ϥĸо
ˣһˡ
ǰ·ŷϣлѰȻ겻ѵĸ
˶ԣرŷϣлѰԣʶ֮ǰĪ۵ı̬ǿһֱЩɵأϾȻ䣬Īǿ󣬳׵ǳ˲СĴ
ŷϣлѰأԸ̾ţȴǼ˲ĸӦһɹϢһϤϢ
Զ˸ŰɫâѪµˮ
ͷһͣȻ͵ͣ˫ǾĶǰ
֪ѪӡӦòȥŷϣлѰأκһڷԣĪĴ
׽ԭ򣬱Ը⿴ĶѪµ
˵мƷ鱦ӦþԲҪƷ鱦
ǣеķϾǿռ䷨ǹߣⷨŴٷ֮ʮңѪµĴٷ֮ٵĳ̶ȣ
鱦Ѵľǰٷ֮ʮŵİٷ֮һ㣬һ㣬ǲɺģ
׵ķĴ̶ȣĪ۵ķĴ̶ȵĲ࣬ǾԵңԶ
Ҳ֪ӦǬͼ֮ɵģΪֻǬͼ֮еķ̶Ȳܴﵽٷ֮٣
ǴӰ֪һ㣬Īۣײʮֵļɵ
£ĿѪµȥʱ򣬿˵Ѫ֮еĪۣ΢΢һ㶡
ô£ôǿˣɱˣ׵ģ͵һ


405 ѡ2
ʱ򣬲˵ףŷϣҲĪ۵ĲԾ
һͬʱмֽĪ۵ԡ
׿ŲԭϵĲֺۼ׵жϳĪ۲Ǳɱ΢˼Ѿ֪µıڱˣĪԼ
뵽֮ǰĪ۵ı֣ױѾжϳʱһȼ״̬ͺ׵ɽ״̬࣬ΪɽĵѾܵˣһžԺĹ
Īֱ֣ȴֻһζȼգûעʵİԼڼĴԲصĺ
Ĵﵽ֮ķ֮ʱָôĪԺʵܻƵ£һȻѾˡ
ײǿĪѾڱ״̬ڿǵҪҪǰһ䳹׵ɱ
ˣһ鷳
Ǵ˿̣һӢĩ·ı
Ժ֮зٵתţȻɲǣ˾
лѰŷϣػ׵ߣ˵״̬µĪۣǲСġ
ǲκεɳڵ̬ΪĪ֮ǰֳǿӡ
ƺǻعⷵһ㣬Īۻã˫ۣȻ󿴵һ˫ڵġȴ˸âսѥȻ󣬴սѥϣһ˫޳ĴȣϡһϤ
ס
Ī˵ĿɲǱְ֮ȥ
ѵ촽˼£ȴĺû˵
֮һ˿УҲڰ֮󣬱ͬһ㡣
׿еһɽֿ˿ĪۣѾµõ׼侮ʯģ㳹׵Ĩɱ
Īû˵Ĭϣ²⵽صĽ
ޣƺҷϸʵϣʲôأ
׳ʱ򣬺ȻҲ뵽˺ܶࡣ
뵽ִ뵽佭Ҳ뵽
ÿһƺһĽģʽƺЩ뷨ôļˡ
ײ֪ǲĪ۵Ĳ񴥶ʱ׺ȻнɫĹâʱʮżƷĹ񵤣ֵҩҩЧȼƷĹԪҩЧҪǿٱһֱŵûʹõĵҩ
ЩҩĪ۵Ȼһǵģ
׺ϤҲܴ
û˿ԥĽҩȫĴĪ۵壬ʱŷϣлѰȻ𾪣ȴҲûзʲô
׵Σǽʵ
Ҳֹ֪Ҳ޲׾飬ǼǲܸıģȻĪ»ӡ󣬻һʼͬٴҲΡ
֮жԵĻҲһʼжҪõĶࡣ
ҩĪ۵壬˲䣬һɵɫĹâĪۣ֮ĹâϵҫѪϴĪ۵ʵѾ̫࣬񾭹񵤵ĴĪۣѾΪ˾ԵĳԽĴڡ
ʱȥˣĪۻָĲˣһʱȥˣĪۣѾȫĻָ
֮УŷϣлѰˣһֱĬĬػĪߡ
ĪȣѪµȻеʱƣҲȫıˣ졢ƽ
ȻǾң֮ǰĳޣҲܲұʹһ㣡ĪۺȻЦѪ˸
׺ȻЦˣЦĺɡ
Ī΢΢һ㶣ƵĵΪʲô
׵ʲô֪ģȻͶˣһǺܻӭģϾôǿһȷʵܲ
Īԣʱָ״̬ףҹȻûпۣ֮ǰѡսһԥģ
ĪնĿЦ˵
ǰһɱǣͬ΢΢һЦĩ·ĸоᵽˣֺγûᵽֻĿ͸ҵڶû͸
û͸źã͸ˣʵˣȴû塣Ī˵
Ҳԣɣˡɡ񣬻ߣʵࡣ׸̾
䣬Ѿ˳ɽ״̬˾Щۡ
Ī۵˵ͷȴû˵ʲôмĻֻǵףԺҾ͸ˣĪƺԺͲˣԺҾĪԡ
׵˵ͷϿҵǺǣĪԣף׵֮ѣ
ĪԵ̸ŷϣлѰЩᲶ׽ͷԣΪһ۵ôΪ֮ͱѣ
һŷϣлѰ޷ס
׿һۣЦҲɻʲôˣĪѾˣĪǵѣ׵ʱ룬ҲѾﵽۺԲˡ
ԲĪۡĪﵽԲˣŷϣлѰǴ󾪡
΢΢һЦĪһۡ
ĪƽЦЦԲǸܹĴʣҲܲȻǻԶԶﲻԲΪԲһ㾳磬Ǿǡ
ѾǻɵûдǣΪ͸ҲŲǿԸף룬õѡ
۵ˣϸζģΪ壬һɱһ򿴲һģȥֻ·
ΪʲôҪӻжԣϸǺ顣
ˣаţⲻǾֶοԸŵġ
ԣ׳ΪѣҵһѡҲҴһ
ĪۼȻѾˣǰı½ĪȨʡҲʵġ
ĪȻûн̫࣬ʱŷϣлѰˡ
ΪĪԵ˼ʶ߶ȣѾԽ˵֪վһµĸ߶ȡ
վĸ߶ȣ⣬һִӴֵĸӵĸо⣬֮
׺ĪȻһ㣬򣬶ŷϣлѰָ֪֪֪̬δǵ飬Ƕãȴһᵱһ¡
ֻҪ֪ĪѾԸĳΪ׵£˵Ǳڣ֪һ㹻ˣ
Ȼ棬ȴ׵ƶϡ
Ī˶֮󣬶ʵȫˣŷϣлѰѹС˲٣ˣȻɵĸо
ˮţ˸оˬ£ָоһֱĵף
ԭǰһԲεĴˮ𽥵Сˣ˺ǰˮѾͣˡ
Ķ棬һƬ̵ɭ֣Ҷ紵ʱ򣬻ʱ¾ӨΡ
ƽһ澵ӣ浹Ӱɽ̵ĺˮͺ׵һЩι״ʯͷӦһɽˮ
гд⡢ʡᣬĻ£Ȼһ
Щ֮УܾһȻһĸо
ָоǿңȴͬ̿ںһЩ
ЩԾﲻԾأ
ƽĺ棬Ǻ治ʱ˸ŵĲƣһ˼
˿̣ĪȴҲоЩһﲻһأȴ˵Ҳü˼
Ȼ׵΢΢һź棬ȴڿһ˿ߡ
ǵģɽˮ̲ⴺɫȷʵûдǣɽˮӰ֮󣬻Ȼɫ
̵ɽڱ̵ˮУӰ֮󣬻̵ֳɽô
ңˮںʱ򣬲Ƶ⵴ĲҲͬĵӰ
һСС覴ã׺ȻȻʣ
ͬʱĪҲͬ뵽ˣ˺ȻҪڣǿԷ񣬺ȻĬһЦߣһɽ
˵ֱ꣬һ⣬С
ŷϣлѰ΢΢֣ȴǺɣȺҲȥ
浴͸֮󣬺һռ֮ţȻ򿪣ȻѸٵıպˡ
滹Ǻ棬׵ˣȴѾںˮ֮ˡ


406 ޡѻ
ˮ֮£һ硣
ɽˮͬˮеӰɽˮǽˮ磬ײ֪İɽˮ
ɫɽһƬİɫɫˮһƬĺڡ
ЩĸоϵĳС
ʱһݺصͷƣֲʱһ˵Ĵ뵽ˮ֮˾ͷ֣ˮµ磬ûˮĸ
绹磬ˮˮϣԳһ塣
аɽˮȻҲ½ء
׵˾վڰߵϣɫأɫɽͣһİɫǵĵطϾɵûɫֻ֮ļµĲ԰ڡ
ˮûһƬû֪ˮлʲôҲû˸Ҳ
˿ɫһ̶ˮɳĬ
ĪԺǿĿǺˮЩƿĿˮֻΪȫҵ뿪Ϊá
ĪԵʵǵõ˵ϿɵģҲָͬоԵͷȷʵˣδ뵽ˮ֮£һռ䡣
ţȷʵ󷨿ռ䣬λռ䣬磬һСλ棬ȶҪġĪ˵
лѰŷϣԶ࿴ɫˮһۣ˵ȴٵĸ׶ߡ
һǿΪʱ׺Īǲòз
ʵǿǰ;
ŷϣлѰҲûκεĲ⣬߿飬һȽϵغϣף֪ǵʵʮζ
ԣ׵ĻŷϣлѰȫûκεɻġ
ĪȴͬףȴǾԵĸԸģڴ󳹴֮󣬹ȻľӢơ
һ·ϣײʱ̤££Ҳˡû
һȻ¼Ķ࣬ǻ̲סЩ꣬⽨һ磬Ȼռλ棬ֱʣλȷʵЩӴ
Ĳ׵õڣ˵ǻ֮һŷϣԹ
ԣѾƽϣȴ΢΢һЦѶԽҲԽǿҲ̫ģĪ˵ģǷֱ
ŷϣ˵ͷĬϡ
һ·ɽԽ룬ȻֻܿͽɽˮȴûʲôΣհ档
Ұ׵Ľ磬ʮֵĹ졣
䱾ϵ̫ǿ֮ǰĶǧ򱶵ֻаٱ׵˱̬ʵ˵㲻ʲô
ֻǹؼǣ磬ʹÿռ״̬ʮֲȶǾԼΣյ飬ΪƿյӰ쵽ռδȶ
ֻͽˣ̣Եÿ
׺ĪԲʱļ䣬ķֶãһ澡̸һЩ֮Ļ⣬һ棬ȴǸΧĻ
걮ⶫ浽ǵͷǵӦ΢ӦġĪ΢΢һЦ˵
۵ݣĪˣĪ۵ĹȥѾľ񣬶֮Уڤ۵˺ˡ
ڵĪԣǰ֣Ѿѡ
ͬģװòĪ۶ѾȻһ£ԼϣϤ֮ˣҲʶʵµò
ȷʵⶫȻ΢ĸӦɽ˲򵥣ȻҲа취Ըǣ֮ǰߵ·һǱʶģѡ֮ʵҲûʲôЦ
ĪԵûʲôʶǴһְȫϢǵ˿ߵڣҲ²ĲôֻۣѾĥˡ
ۣڤ𣿡ŷϣʵ
ڤ˵ĪԲûи׵ˣֻڸ˹ȥ
Īüͷ΢΢һڤˣѾɱˣ˵ۣʵۣܲкⷮ꣬˾Ϊۣʵȷʵǳ
׷ɱڤʱ򣬱ǣʱ׷ɱڤģϾ˼ˣӦĲԭ
ҹƣԭûΣգڲԭʱ򣬲ԭΣûп
ԣɫ΢䣬ĿһܣۼҰɫĽ磬ƺЩͬʱײžò
׿ЦĪԣ˵̫׼ˣɫ磬ΣͬĿˣڿʼҪ޴ˣ
ĪԣҲɿЦǰֻܱˮˣ֪ⲻʲôõط˲ɷ̰Ȼ
Ұɫ磬ƺ𽥵ڻһ㣬𽥵ĴݿʱѹֵӵĿ񱩡

մһĲѻƽУڼž֮Уϵӳתͬһ˱ĺɱĲҽһ

ȰҰɫΪغͱ
һֲĸоѹͷɫ𽥵ıͬʱ׽뵽ɽ״̬
˵Īʵǲ˾ģĪǲѪ״̬ʵҲֻǷǳǿѣͰ޼
ǽѪȼյıľѪʱԲǺܳһѪľɣ
ԣҲò¡
ѻ磬һֲ񣬴ɱģ䱾ûԪģȫɼƷ鱦ϴɣ⡣
磬ֶƺֻбļŻУ¼£µźɺ֮ļֲĺڣۺǿͣԱײϣҲɣ
ΪˣѻܵüģһüǷǳѲĶ
׺ĪԻãŷϣлѰ˲ɫò԰
ȻʵȷʵҲܲǺ⴫˵֮Ϊֲıѻ̫ˡ
ⶫһԣ˵ɱ˵ãñѻһڿڵ̳Ԫܾ޾ĥ
׺ĪԶһۣ˶Է޵ս⡣

С꣬ڲԭƮһֻҰɫľ޴շɹݵٶȣһӴ۵·һһƬ۵Ĺâ

ĽƮԶһ̣ⷮ˶Ȼ͵Ķסǰ壬˼˲ɫϣּͬʱ˶Ȼ٣⣬շ
ֻǣӵĹ
ж˸ıܵķâȴһ˿
ѻȻѻ
ĵھȴȻƴĲϧľѪڼշܡ
һӰסʣﵽסͬ˵һѻȻںⷮͷϿշɹ
һɹɺӴ۵ĲҰɫ˫¹Ķ
ҵٶȣƣǿĳʹö˸޷
ݡ
͡
ͬʱⷮ˱㱻УȫȻΪһĵȻӿ£
ѻҰɫ˫֮УѪɫĻš˫֮ǻ֮⣬ѻֳƺѻȫҰɫźɺļӲ̶ȿȼƷ鱦
ꡪ˻˻
һʹÿռ䶼ɵѻ⣬Ҳ֪⣬ΪûԪ
ֻԪıܣֻзսݵıܣ
µѻ
һ˿УҰɫͷһʱ˵˲ɱȥȻ󣬸պµԪ񣬱żҰ׵ĺסȻһڿڵģͬԱһ㣬˵Ԫ̳ȥ
Ԫ񱻶ᣬȻ˺ѷεĲҽš
ԪĲҽе󱻴յĽһģޱȡ
ʹ࣬κ˶ܲˣû˴ڼѻ֮Ͼɱÿ˶ϣԼܽҵӳȥӶʹǻޱȵҡ
󡪡һֱ˽ʱ𽥵ʧ
ѻ˵ѻҲ̳Ԫ񣬺ܣԹʮֵĻ߶ԣһּ˵Ŀ̣


ʮ˼ 


407 Դ
ĲԭϣѩɫѻлɫĻţʢŵĺɫ
̳۵Ԫ֮ѻеĺӵʢˣҲԵøӵĺʵء
Яһɹɵĺɺϯܵء
չῪյĹ⾰ڸһ룬Ӵ˫ᣬӶʱռĴɢű̹ǵĺ
ѻȴͬˮеĽһ㣬ٵķ˳ȥٶȣʵľ
ѻֻһֻĲԭ̵ĺˮ֮УȵȣС
٣һСĻһֻġ
ЩѻµһֽŵĻ棬ǻѩϴҲȻЯž޴Ķĵĳ
ɳһŲģһŵʹѻϮѾôҪԵģޱӴ񱩵ĺ
ռ䣬Ȼ󳹵Ĩɱ
ѻƹ֪ȴ˿Եֿġ

ȻǲҰɫ硣
ƺ𽥵ڻһ㣬𽥵ĴݿʱѹֵӵĿ񱩡

նĴһĲѻƽУڼž֮Уϵӳתͬһ˱ĺɱĲҽһ

ҰɫΪغͱңʱӴ׳ͬʱһ˿˿ĳѾϮ
ѻ֮ʣ˼ͬʱˡ
飬ΣٵʱʩչȶŲ֮Ȼռ䲻ȶŲƱʮֵѺΣգѻĪԣҲΪ
һ㣬ҲԵĿԿĪԵʵȻǿ󣬵Ҳ֮еߴ˲˺ܶ࣬Ǻɽ˵Ѫӡž޴Ĳ࣡
״ǰŲʵ֮Īԣǿ˼֣⹦;Ƿֿ˵ģŲƵʱҲһ
һ㣬ԼģҶ˵ɽǲůģѻʽԣЧ
ȻŲƵ˲䣬һȻϮ׵ģȻ˾Եĺ״̬ȴȻȻʧԭأɺĳҲûͬѻԤϵס
Ҳһǵˣ˶۸ͷϣҲûж
Ϊ֮ǰһѻĽױѾһ׼ʱŲ뿪ɲǣֱħ󡪡еȻϣγһżƷ󷨡һħ
һħһֻ󷨣һԣȻǿ󣬵Ҳ̬һħóԸѻȴһ˼档
ѻֳΪѻȫǼĶɵģڻ棬һּɵԵ޾ˮһ
ңѻȫЯŴĺɺⶫǶڻžԵļɵģˣײʹ֮УǵĿǰΪֹܿٲóΪǿĻһħ
׺ĪȺǰǧ֮һɽȣһð̰Ĺȣһ޴ɽһ
Ͳʱֵ¶ˮ֮Ķʹһɫʡ
׺ȴܸӦѾˣɺȥ
εĴŲƣʹÿռλȫԵĺڶΪ׵СĽŲƵľ벢̫ңԶ֮յıܿ
ŲƵľٳһǶһ㣬˵Σա
Ȼ׾ģû֪׸ݿռıݵǿȺͻһŲƵĿܣ˲֮յŲơ
ŷϣлѰĪΣĪԣȴĸһ㣬ȫ֮󣬲ɶͶһ
ֻ΢΢һЦ
Լõ󷨣ȻУʱҲоڲ
һ㲼󷨣һʱڣһķΧ˶ڲһУиӦģǵʱԽãǷΧԽԶӦͻԽ
ŲƵľ벢̫ԶҲŸողã׵ĸܣǺġ
һǰĵط׼һϢһ£лѰһʼ
лѰõľżƷһ󷨣ٶȲҲ˵Ͽ죬һʱһȫĴ
ڲĹ֮УȴѾʼ͵Ȼһħ֮ѻľˡ
ѻҪˣȻǶᣬȻɣֻϵѾú󷨣Լն֮أ
νԹ壬棬żƷ󷨾ǸڲȫĲͬˡ
һħҲûʲôĵطռԳһ壬ȵ¶ȹǿռ¶ȣʹﵽʮȣ⻹ֻͨĿռƽ¶ȶѣ
ңΪҪǣһлĶ룬ȼһ
ǴƷһκζᱻյȫĳΪҽŻϨ
󷨣յؼȻĻɢ
ײʮּʵɿģһˣҪƻȻܣ
ѻûԪ񣬵ȴбܣ
ڽһħ֮е˲䣬һƽбѻз֮ԶԶԽ˵
Ϊǧ֮׵ˣƽУ

˲˾ĶǵĽݺݵĴ˵ġ
ԤϣԵñȽϵɣŷϣˣȴǴһ¡
Ī˲ᵽʲô׵Ŀ⣬ֶ˼־⣬лѰȴ˼ŷϣЩĪĲ֪ô¡
ԵĻûԸѻĽģΪʵ̫˼ɵˡ
һħ֮УѻȫɢŰɫĺŬıϵ¶ȣĻ֮УѻıܣüĽͲ
ۡ
Ƭĺ˫·ȥ
ͼȵĻһ𣬷˾ıը
䣡䣡䣡
һıըϵ쳹ؼ䣬ռ䶼𵴲ѣǿٵһרŵıƶһ
̣ǲҵġ
ѻϾǺѻʵ˵ãӲǿе֮˽ʱ
ʱ󷨿ռڲƽ¶Ѿ͵ǧңǻͷȴӵĿ͡
صɵĻ棬ǻԪľ磬ȻɫֻǺɫŽɫǱ֮ձǿĻ棬ǿ˺ܶࡣ
ȻɺȴθһΣ϶඼ҧ󣬸οһ𺣿ռ䣬ôκβһֻѻ
ʱ֮ѻһܼСֹĺɺҲ𽥵ϡ˿
ȼյĻ棬ȻЩ޷κǿѻϾȻ󷨶ԪԺǵãѻһûԪ쳣ĶԲѲ
Ŵûаպ̬ĶսģҼȫҲõġ
ĪԾǴѪеѪµҲƷ鱦ȫһܶѻǿȼƷ鱦Ʒ
ҼƷˣΣѻǧ飬Ҳ˲һ𣬱ϾûԪû֪ѻıʶԺδ
Ǳֲ̬Ĵڣˣ۶֮ɫ䣿
ʱ֮ѻ׵ıһʧˣ֮Уһ˸Űɫâӣˣ֮
沨תƺɽˮһ˿˿ԪϢһۿȥ֪һö
ѻȻǷ
ЩţϾǷҲбܵԪģǺȻѻûԪģǺɺ
վĪԵһ۵ǵһ£ȥȥϾ
ĪԵ˾˼ԲɵţȥɣһҪġ
׵˵ͷŲȥ
״˿žԾ׼㣬ȻռزͬҪưȫŲƾ룬ǲġ
Ϊռʱڱ仯س̵ʱ׽ʩչδŲƣŽԼõһħ֮С


408 鱦Դ
ѻⶫһܺõıǾɥʬ
ǵģɥʬһƽʬһĴڣ٣ʶ˵ʵ̫İġ
飬ҲʶĴڣѻֶȴʼЩ˼
Ϊ̫˼̫ḻһűܶڲǿоȡ
κνǶȿǣû꣬ʹûѻԷ衢ԹܣԪǺֵġ
⣬Ʒ׶һΪ֪ν֮治УȻǾѻʬɢ֮һ̰׹˸ӣҲ֪һеĹؼϣŴµŲΣص֮С
󷨣ױǲ߱ԵģϾ󷨱ף˵ǴڹԣҲ˲佫󷨹رա
˸ŰɫâӣȷȷʵʵĵӳɽˮӰſռԼڡ
ӣɢ˿˿ĺϢʵЩȡ
ɽ״̬ȴѾںϵĺܺã״̬ѾͳҲ޶
ԣ׾ȣȵĶȴžȵɡΪ״Եıܣܸоӷǳ˲
ȫһ϶ھȵʱлŲСĴִڲ׵Ԫ
Ԫ񣬶һ˿˿Ĳһʵ˼µĸо˵ѹ֣ԼֺȻ併ٵҸĸо󣬵һֱ侲ףڻĪ٣Ѫӿ
ĸоٶ׶ԣѾܾöûгˡ
߽ߣ岻Ĳһ£˸սкĸо˼ɵ
ɺͺɳĵȴһǿµĺĺһۣͨǱˣǲҲ׵Ķֱʱ䣬µĽٸʱʱ䣡
֮УʵǲѻгˣҲ᳹׵ıԪ
ȻҲֻһ۶ԣһЩۣģĪԣֿܵһ
ȻǲǴɽ״ֿ̬ܵʱ䣬ҲѾܿɹˡ
ɽȴԪĸܣǿԪصɣԱϣѾıˡ
ǽʯͷԪȻϳΪһǲġ
ȻɢǿĺϢ΢΢ĶĹסһȻŽ֮Уʱȫ㱻һƬµĺ˹ָо֮ѻֺҪǿ
׻һ£ɨɫԼĪӴСİɫһۣһۣ΢΢һΪˣ֮е磬СĲԭ
ֹ£ʹ׵Ĳһһ㣬˵һ⣬ǾǣԼһȺˣһӵ֮У
֮Уӣ֮磡
µ磬µĿռ䣡
׺Ȼ뵽˵Ϸǳ˵Ļһһ磬һҶһᡣ
µɲô
΢΢Цһʱ֮Уȴ֮Уһ£Ϊӣûбȥ
ȻϷһƯţȻɢű̹ǵĺ⣬棬ȻǸɫĲԭϸȻţǸԭϿգǺȻɹһֻҰɫѻ

쳹Уƺ쳹棬׵ģҲһ
ⶫʮֹ죬֪ûΣգ˿ӣһᣬƳһξѪֽʮ֮һȻѪ֮С
Ѫɫ˲˽ȥȻѪɫĹâ˸һΪƺһĶ棬ܻΪһ˫ۣ
ǵģۣ
һĻ׶ȻоһһĸоУ
ͬʱһѶϢҲѸٵĴݵ׵Ժ֮У
Դ顪Ѫ޽ɲһǧڸֻص۳鱦
Ѫ޽磿鱦ʱ׵ɫıˣ
ǿ磬Ͻķ֮£ɽһֱڿɻţ˼ţȻ̫أ̫죡
֮ǰѪ󣬻ĪΪѪǻԼѪЩǺĶ
ⲻ׵뷨ܶ࣬ȷʵ̫ˣϾôˣȻûһ
˶ã½ж
һǧ꣬һֻص㣬һǧڸֻص㣬һλ𣡶м׿ȻƺңɼŷϣлѰ˵Ŀ⿴ֻвʮǿֻܾһ
ǲʮһ٣ʱѾǧֻصʱ䣡
磬Ĵ½һ˫½һǳǣ˿ڶǧ֮࣬Ƿǳֲ֣
˵ЩΪǿ˶࣬׾ãôˣѵ˶ûʣ򲻵һĻ֮˵
ڣô֮кľ磬һǲͳģô׾һʡΪʲôû
ײԼʣ磬򲻳
ӦѪĪԣҲ޷ʹµĲߵ
ǣɽȴԣΪʲô
뵽ɽһơѪӡߣҲͬһѪ֣ײٴεеԴ
鱦ʲô׶֪
һΣ侲ϸŸӦŷıʱ׿ģȴǷ֮еĻɡ
һĻ棬棬˵һֻɫĻɫ֮Уűİɫ磬ʺɫɫĹâ
磬ȫ߸׵֪Ϊһпˣֻ˵ֲ
òأжѪɫĹâϴųһݣЩǡɥʬʬѪ֮Ķ
ңжûԪֻڱܵĶ
Ȼ˵ģǿԿ϶һģǻ֮Уֻйûˣ
ɲ۷϶
Ѫɫܻʱ䲻ţƺһ˲䣬ƺȥ˺üֻص㣬ָоֻС
һɲǣоԼǿ˲٣ԼĶԲĸоˣȻǰڵľ磬ԼͻƵļ
ûں⣬ڼĸԴ鴫ѶϢ
ͼѾܱΪ˺磬ˣҲ𽥵ȻѪ޽硣
Ѫ޽磬һ磬ͬһʵһ磬еģ
Ͻķ֮£磬Ȼǲܴģ磬ȴҲܴ˳Ӧķ
һߣ˳Ӧķ򣬾
׼ȷ˵ͨɽ׺Ȼ䷢ѪӡߡɽܣǾǣŮˣ޽磡
ŮˣҪôҰļأҪôΪһҪΪ𣬻ص޽磡аԾ̾ţҲɰԾ衣
ڣԼȡԴ飬Ѫ޽϶Ѿֻ֪ѪѾɱ֮ˡ
׵Ժ֮пʼܻһ档
ʹÿռȫңѣ˲λѵλ棬λ棬ںһЩ򣬸ʹ޽Ҳ֮һ֣ķ
߻ңʹòλУ˶ĳ̶ȡ
ǣͬģλ޽缴ǲһڲλˣֻںԲȻҪô磬Ҫôǽ磡
Ȼ֮У׽磬ΪϾµĲλ棬ɽӦ޽ѶȻɽ˵ѪǡǡҲ޽²λһԱ磬ܱ̬Ľ磡
һȫ磬ֱǾԱ̬Ĵڣ
Ҳɽı̬ԭԼɽΪλԭˡ

һ˲̫࣬ȻĬˡ
ʱҲ֪ˣ֪Խ࣬ʹˣҪԽ磬ɽӣҲһ


409 С
޽磬ϸ˵û̫Ĳͬ
ɽˮ̡
޽磬ˣ̫࣬޽磬Ϊ䷨ѶȺܴ
޽˿ڣͬĺܶ࣬ǣ޽޺У֮䣬˺ܶƣ˺ܶϡ
ͬԴ֮У˽⵽޽Ĳ޳ֵıҲǧ֮һĸʣνޣָ޽磬ʵܻýˡ
ȻκˣһϵеʵٻЩĽȴǴھǰĽ
޽磬ΪĲͬһ֮󣬶ǰҵʵ֮У˶ڵľ磬ͻڽǰڣĳΪޡ
֪ɽҲѪӡߣǿΪ޽磬һڵǿޡ
ڵˣʲôˣΪˣĿ֮УҲʮ𾴺Ͱˡ
޽絽ǹĲԭԭżªĳǳأԭܣʱѻ֮ıޣǿ֮ʹòٵ˲ϵı̳ԣɧţ棬ʮֵѡ
޵񣬻˵ɱ¾ЩʵΪӵԪʯһʯǿΪģȻ󣬱ܽᾧҲ鱦ͬɱѻ֮󣬵õ˼Ʒ鱦һ
Ȼѻһֻܱ̬ǿĴڣŻǿԴ顣
鱦޽ķ޽ķֻһƷǾ鱦Ʒ鱦ֻ൱Ʒĺ鱦Ʒ鱦ȴѾӽƷıԴʥˡ
ڵ֪޽Ϊ˴µķʽԼʵ׶ѪӡߣһȻ޽ˣӦòǶ֮
޳Ҳòĵױ˼ֵľ裬˭֪Ѫӡǲ类̼̫˶ñ̬أ
׶еԴ飬ַǿģҪȻҲôǿ󣬲Ȼѻõöʱ䲻㳤ֱܵףԴûʾ
Ǳѻϵĳ̶ȸˣ֪һһħǿ϶޷ɱѻġ
ϸĶԴ飬׿ɽˮ磬һ˿뷨ѵԼ֮ǰĲԭ֮еĿռ
ôһռһռ䣬ԼһǴ߳أ
˼ţ⶯£ĵȥ˵
ԴѾԴ֮е磬׵˽ȥ
֮׺ȻֱӵĴԽ˿ռ֮ţ֮ǰİɫĲԭһƺӵ䡣
ԭϣĿģ˼ţٴεóԴһȴȻһɫĲԭ
ˣԴڲһóԴ飿죿΢΢һ㶣ȥ
ǣٴεһɫĲԭ֮УֻǴ˿̣Ƭԭӵޱ߼ʡ
²ʱǵˮŢĲݵأԼС꣬ͬһı磬ʵĴš
ʱѾЩ쳣ĸоˡ
δ̫ʵһЩɣ̲סٴεóԴ飬ǽˣԴڲһѵĿռڶ
һĻƿһһ
Ȼ䣬һһֺ׵ģɵļ
ָоǺȻ俴Լ׵һĹС
һֱܵĸоָо̲סٽԴ֮С
ĵźܶļɵ
룬ȡʱٻ˰
ҪʱĪԵȡɽȡȡõȥ֮󣬸˶˼׺ܺãܰȫ
룬˵
׵Ը񣬰Ҳ֪ģȻ֪ΪأǰǵͷӦˡ
漴üͷЦ㾹ȻܳôԶҪлѰ˻ϣֻҪʮʱ䣬ʮʱ䣬֪ͦͦùȥ
һ֪Դã΢΢ͷȥɡ
Ҳֻ΢΢ȻŲ뿪ˡ
ʱһᣬܾãԼľĺܲ򵥣
תڲλ֮µĽλ棬ٵڲλ֮䴩ԽںϷȻ磬񣬾ȻͨҵһԼоеĵ·ײò˼
߰ɣʲôҲһѣȻǷڲĿռ䣬ҵģٰȫӦò⣡뵽ȻȻʧԭء
ʱһٵĴȵȣȵȰ
ϧѾʧˣɫøˣɫ۵ŮӣȴɵĴԭأʲôûˡ
ϣ޾įʧð죬ŮӲ̾˿пλ棬簡ΪʲôҪôĸӣԷʲôʱܻصҿĹأ
û˭֪磬ѪӡߡɽԷ˿ȴֻһ۷޶ѡ
̫ǿõķ󷨣Եúܱ̬
ҲıȺܶۺǿǿΪЩ۸뵽ɽԷôһڡ
ɽѪӡߣ䲻ҪԭɽѪӡߣһĴڣ˶ѣ

ѻĲĽһ˸߹һˣĽ֮У׺Ȼľ͵ȴȻо˲١
£ŢˮɫĲݵضѾֳ֮ɫ磬һѹš
׼ѵվϾΪǺɫĿռ䴩˺ۣ
һżƷĹԪչһ
ȻǲԭϣǸȴŲٵĹӰ˸Ų̫ңԶ׷֣壡
ȻױһϢϢסˣһϤϢڲλһĸо
޽磡״󾪣ʱԭڣѹòԾΪӴ󣬶ֽڣʹ磬Щ֮Ķȫ޷ã
Ҳ޷
ױŸոմﵽǰڵԲԶԶ˵ϸķΨһõģһŲƣȴǲˡ
ؼķͬģΪռʱŤۣķ򣬾Ͳһˡ
ڸоΪʲô˵磬磬޵磬Ϊޣ޷ֵͳĻļ
ָо̫ˣһȻһͨĵһκ˶ܲ˵顣
ͺñȣһ˶ԱȻһֵ߲·ϣǾһֱ
ԭϵѻܶ࣬ѪɫģҰɫġɫģɫĶС
ңһֻٵʹ׵ģ͵ĳ鴤һ£
޽磬Ȼ޺е磡
ͷЦһʱ䣬ûа취Ӧǿ󵽱̬ͳŶļ˾ͬһͨһڻƶˮ
ʱһ޳ĻɫӰȻһףȻһ˦ɫӰӲȻһƬѪɫĻ棡
ǡħ׾ԸӣȻ뵽޵Ǹռ䣬ħôôǸ磬ѵ޽ǸͶӰ
׳ʱŮѾӶķ˺ܶ𺣣ֹѻ׷ɱ
λѣǸոսΪ޵İɣȻһСɣǻ޿˹ҵĻԪطĲãԸЩѻûʲô취ˡ
Ǹɫ۵ŮӺǺˬ˵˷ܣȻΪַһ޶ˡ
ͬʱΪƴͬľϾһֱƺ͹ĶǵЩж
Ȼ޵ӦþΪλ涯ڲλµͶӰѾȷˣ޽֣ȻҲ˵ƣ
뵽뵽ǸֵܣҲ֪Ǹֵܰľôˡ
ţǰȻΪޣζ̫ˣҽףǡһ֪Լʲôޡ׺ε˵
˵ײףһޣҲӦö÷ģνķ򣬾ָĳһַ򣬸ַԼࡣ
ϵǻޣĻޡ
˼ʱ򣬻Դ鴫ѶϢһ㣬Ҳȷһ㣬Ϊ֮˷ܺͼ
һֻ֮һְԽֽ֮ıһֶĻ
˲࣬˵֮Уܻûһ򣬼ɽõģǻ֮ƵĶƲǻ
棬л𣬶˼֮£׻ˣǻ򣬻ű̬ڣ
ɽԼı̬޸ںֳ
ַ˽⵽޽ȫˣ
ǵģȫˣԼ֮ǰΪ˵ǿΪſԽܶླɱֵʵΪͻںһķ⣬Ƕôǿ
󷨣Ǽϵķ򰡣ľˮУ
ⶫڲλ棬Լ˼ǧĶɶǻʵĶ
̲ס֪̾Լı̬
һ㣬׺ȻЩĽ֮ҲֻǴôһİԵ֮⣬̸ʲô򣬶Լʲôʱܻһ̺ǿ֮أ
˼һȴö֪
ߵô˹ɫĳŮӣ˿ȴ²ĲʱһۣȻױĺúõģʲôϮһ
޽ˣѹ£ôŽᣬĺѵá̲סи֪̾˿ǱӣǲΪնģԷŮ֪˹ĵġ
ġ
СˣҴȥԪ޿ɭ˲һ˵˻кܶעɭ˻һһϸĸġ˹˷ܵ˵
֪Լʲôˣˮޣóʹý񶷡Це˵


410 Ѫɫɥ꣨1
˹һ׶ķжţʱȫ׵Ļ
һ˷ܡϻ˷뼤ĹʣʵЩաŮӣʵ̫ˡ
еĿ⣬һֱ򶨵ףЩرܵζ
κһӣһŮ޼ɵһ˷뾪ϲĿĶţĿ⻹ôУ¸оЩŤ
ˮޣóսϵޣСоˣӭ㣬ǵӢס˹϶˷ܵ˵
ϵͬޣ׵ʵѾˣǸոսΪոճΪһޣʵӦûǺǿģ
΢΢һЦ˹ҲôˣȻС˵ɡ
ţȻǵȻ˹Ȼʮ˷ܵ˵

СȻС򣬵Ǻ͡С֣ǲմߵģΪ׿һңòҲС١
ϰĵӴ֮󣬶СҲͲôˡ
СûиߴĳǽҲû۴αȵ̨ͤ¥ֻһ޴ľľ޴ΧһıľȻΧһդһʵ
˵С򣬸һ޴ӪأСϣǻɫƵ֮İЪĵط񣬴нǧƽߴףСҲֻʮƽңߴҵС
Щ޽ļңһЩĵطȴԵҪʼ֣ϾҪÿ첻ͣС֮ɱ¾ǳɳȥв
ޣϾֻһС֮еһС֣޽磬ҪȺ壬ޡ
ǸҶʵ磬Ϊ棬ҪϵսϵɱǿޣǣҲǳϦʹ޽磬Žޱȡ
һޣ϶һϵΪһϵķҪϽͨѶǼġ
˵ԪصķоŴСͬںķ򡢳ԪرԴ巨ȵȣЩ֮䣬Ҫϵ໥ںϣγԪط塣
һ㣬׵֪ҲԵĲͬΪ磬ķ棬ֻʱ䷨򡢿ռ䷨֮࣬Уϸ֣ûи˽ģҲڲλһЩ֪
޽磬ȴŽľˮڰϵ巨򣨹ڰʵν֮еʵҲֻǷ಻ͬ޼
ɭ˵ʱȻ˸򵥵ĲԣԵḶ́ʵܼ򵥡
Ϊ׶ܻˮԪ֮ͻԪ֮Ĺ̲ѣҽ񶷣һʵѾҪʾǹֵƣѾ˳
Ԫ޿ɭһĶڷܵˣҲܺͰмֲϣмͣȴ֮
ڼ׵ĵһ۵ʱȻ΢΢һ£ȴȻЦǺǵĿƵĿס
΢΢һ£֪ǲǿʲôֵĺ򶨡
Ϊûά֣׵ʵı¶ҲףҲô̫ġ
ԵĹ̺˳ǿ˫ԪطƿԪ޿ɭ̾ΪֹҲΪ·˵Ŀ˹ֿ˻
֮״ӿɭ˵Ļ֮У𽥵˽磬Ҳ𽥵Ĺɡ
޽磬Ϊԭ޺УĴŰǻÿܶ࣬ǵȴ֮С
󣬱飬ṩҪȡͬʱһһЩǿǱľԱܵķ鱦ǣҲɾӵĺö
ֻһ£۳ޣѾֲܿˣ۳鱦ޣֻ˵Ǳ̬
ϰĻ֮սʵɱΪͬʱ鱦ľϲȻѹ󡢼࣬ȴû˱Թ
˽޽ĹΣ׾ЩЦ⣬ʵǺ͵Ϸ޼
ֻû뵽޽ʵȷʵ
޽һλãɲɲ֮£һѪأѪ棬ǿ֮ѪޡѪޣѪ֮УΪӴϵļӳͷųѪͨռ֮ţɢ޽أ˱ѪӰޣȫɥʧܣ
ޱ˲ͬûԪ񣬱ѪһݣʱΪ˲ޣѪͷ

Щ״Ԫ޿ɭ֪ģЩֻܸ̾̾Ϸ绯
ǿʳľɱ¾ȴҪָ֮оȷʵܲжԼ˵ˣеľ裬ֺķ¹
׵ĹһִˣںηںεأһֱһֹģʽѣȻ֮оŵ
ǣ˿̴ʵĻ£ÿ޻ԡѪĻȻ΢Ϣ֮սÿ֮以Ĺķ֣жвһǰδеĺ飡
ǵģԼģô
磬粻֪ͬһǿĴڵʱ򣬲ƣ𾴺Ѻãϣ
߲˶թǾ˶ȥıϡٵޡ
磬ҲɽΣΪ״̬ĻôѾ֪ɽ
ͬϽķԼ֮£Ҫѣѣǳѣ
͸оŲȫˣ˽ʹ⣬󷨵ȣȻ󷨱ʹòȫĳΪ޷ϵĶ
Ȼֻ˵׵ĿŸħ󷨵ķʽãһ󷨣׻ʹõģЧѾתΪ編֮µЧ
ͺñһûԵģ磬ķ޽磬ͳΪ޽鱦
󷨲ûãֻ˲ħ󷨣ȫ군ˣϲˡ
ˮͻһ𣬾ǿĳᱬըһټħĻȫŰ
ϽµԼ
⣬ĶʵûаǿҲûһ˿Ľ
ôǿɱģζף޽磬ʵԶᾫ
ʵϣײ磬Բλ棬ڲλ棬ķ򣬻޽ķʹڲλͳɾ磬ԣײûзչĻᣬѶ൱
һ㣬׺ܿľͼ˳ͬʱͬ磬󣬱ʯǿκģޣҲϵʵ
ʯʮֵϡٺΪ޷ԱܾۼΪκ˶գⶫҲΪһЩ޷Ϊ޵ΪԵĶ
޽磬ϵļƷҩѾʮţ֮⣬ϵһսףҲֻƷ鱦ѣ⣬ʣһѾȡԴ顣
ںԴ飬޽磬ײ֪ⶫڽ֮е޸棬ǿĸͰ
˽̺ķ壬ױЩˣȷʵΪ̺̫١
ЩҪ޽úõֲˡ
ңһ߾ߵʬ岻ϵıǴӿռָ֮óһȺȺǰĬӣ׵ģЩһ𣬱ѹŭ
ףһȥΪЩǱɣκѻɥʮֶ࣬ٵȥСҪˡ˹˵
һֱ׵Ůӣ˿̼Ѿ飬ʽ
׵˵ͷĿⷺһֵļᶨã
˹鲢ãĬǰ档
ףʱҲϸĿСϵÿһпЩϱ۲֫ʬ壬̲סЩˡ
ϸ˵޽磬һ־Υܰͼҵĸо磬ʵʺףԿЩ˲ص޺ǣףÿ˵飬ܳء


411 Ѫɫɥ꣨2
Сܴ˺ܶ࣬һ㶼֡
ƵպͲʱȺ뿲˹˶յĽء
˹׼ӿǰٶȣٸӪʣչʮֵһ޴դԱߣһ·ͨС档
˹һϵԵķߣ˶ˮޣҲȤ
һ·ϣ˹Ҳʱѯʼ׵Ȼ׼С֮ɱ޵ʱ򣬺ϡ
ֻǶڵ޵ħʱĸһЩԼЩĸ˵ģﲻ࣬ȴÿ˹󳤼ʶֻ˵Ļôľ١
˹ڻԪص̸ۣҲ״ЩԪİ㡣
򣬾ͺһ壬ԪǹĻʯҪȱ败ЩʯЩʯ
һԷߣĳԴﵽ˾˵ƿ֮ôһȫȻˡ
һ㣬ŴӿʼʱϤԵţˣȻɾͲһˣҪһԷ£ڶԷһֱ
˵ΪոսޣԷѾ㹻Щˡ
Ϳ˹򵥵̸׶Է֪ҲٵҪʹõԪطˡ
Щʵĸ̶Ỵ̄޵󷨶ѡ
ˣ׶ˮԷֻóʹˮ֮ĹʽϾЩԷã׸󷨡
Է棬ױҪ֣ϾƿػķֱӹϵʦڻԵʹãȻǵӦ֡
ˮպںϽķʽʹãһ׺⣬Ҳʹˮԣ׻𡢽ٻ֮Ĺʽ׵ǺϤֹʽȴˣʱҲֻѡ˻Ƚϼ򵥵Ĺ
ܿ죬С֮ķһ׺Ϳ˹˼֡
޽Ļʹ뿲˹൱ͨһĺ磬Ҳʹ˴˸
ǰղʱɹѪɫġҰɫġԼɫĺѻɥ֮ޣ޶ڷսš
еһ飬еһԣϺսõȣǺ
ľϵԷԱߵʹʱʹһľԷȻľԷϵʹֹЧǿ
һ޵Ƚ϶࣬ǵŬΧɱ£޵𽥵ϡ
żȺ֮лᴫһȻһޱ˷֮Ĵѻʬ֮ȡһȭͷСİɫʯ
ԲһľʯȻеԴƣǴԼĹâʵ̫Զˣ׸оⶫԭһµԪʯ˺ܶ࣡
֪νʯ
޽編ֻ鱦ƷƷ֣֮ʯҲһƷƷ
ȻһƷʯޣȴ˷ܵļҪ
׺Ϳ˹߳С֮󣬼ܶطںս㳯΢ϡһĵط˹ȥ
һССɽǰŮŬĺһֻɫĺѻսţһŮЩ޳мһŮӣıܵõԵЩСĸо߱һŮҪңβԵмԲƺҪ༸ֿɰġ
һۿȥŮӴ˿ԵЩǱֻѻ˫צ֮һץֱŤռһӾ룬һ
⺮֮ǺɺֱĲһ㣬ţĹ׾ǲɽӲһζûɶ⣡
˲Ҳ뵽㷨Լ嶼൱Ʒ鱦ļӲ̶ȣ磬ֱǰļƷŶǼƷʯһʮֵϡ٣
һƷ鱦ҪһٿƷʯһ
һƷʯһƿ޽Ϊޣ
ʯɼε
˵ǻɱһֻѻ֮ޣҲܵõһʯ鱦Ǹ룬õľƷһ鱦ֻܿʦƣ
ʦô׳ֵģ
˵ը¯Ҫϵ򡪡ˮ𣬲Ȼǲܵģ
ΪˣԲ˵
ʱһ۳ǵװŷЩǶֻһЩƲϷװ·ȣͨżҲһһƷ鱦
׸һ´Դ洫ʵϢɸ̾ǲѻܵɽˣҪȻô˵ı̬ĳһżƷ鱦
Ժзٵ˼߰Ķȴûš
ΪһֻкѻȻһںסȥɰĻŮӣȻһצ˹ȥ
ŮӾһ£֪Ǳס˻Ǳŵˣǲ
ȶ㰡
˹̧ͷĴտɫ˫Ȼһɽĵ
˵Ż͵һɾ޴Ļ档
ֳɫѸٵһһѻ˹ȥ
ǽȶŮȻ㶵Ĳ֪ܣԱߵĻŮҲϽĳ˹ȥҪһѽס
ȻһжˣΪѻצӶȻѾ˿ȶͷˡ
ױͶӡܺã⿨ȶһ˵еĸоǵܽһ
ĪѪԵĸоЩ졣
Ȼ⿨ȶûκιϵģǾȻĸоԼЩĪ
Եְɡ
һˮԪ֮ȻᣬȻһɽֱӼ˳ȥ
޽һγ֣ײ֪ΪϾ磬ҲǴӰܻġ
һûʹõػ꽣ô̬ʽֻһм򵥵ĵػ꽣ػ꾳ĵڶĹʽ
ۡ
̬ˮԪطɽֱʧڿռ䣬ȻΪˮԪصᣬ˺ѻԴԱߣںѻֵƬ̣ѾȻ䴩͸Դ
ǿɱʹú˲ֱȫı
޴һ˲ֻѻȫ촷ۣһŹ͸Ӷʱһ˵ϡ
׿һۣ΢΢һ㶣һƷ鱦
ЩڨڨĵԼòĺܺðͳһ鱦
ЩĿŮӴ۾εʼ
ء
ʱǽȶŮŵĻɫ԰ףͲ
ɫ֮УӨ˸ţתȴû¡
˹˿ȴĿ˭㽫ȶģޣô
޳Ůһͨ죬ĵͷ鱦ȥ
ǿȶĿ鱦ӣʱ̼ڿˮΪսմȾѪɫѪԵǱɰ
۹⣬ЦЦȶ鱦ľ͹ˡ
鱦׳ִģ˹Ȼʲô飬˴󷽣˹˵ʲô󵥵Ȼ뵽һγ־˺õɱǿ󣬱Ҳ˵ʲôˡ
ȶлл״ˣ˹˵˵ֺݺݵĵ˿һۡ
Σڨڨĵͷ
ȶȴͬʳһһ鱦ϽѪȡȻܻһ鱦սףͬǳɫһĳȴԵü鶯
·֮󣬿ȶĿм𾴵ס
ٴοſȶ˫ȴ΢΢ЩȣͿ˹Լܶ޶տɫǿȶȻǻҺɫģмֵ˵ɰģ
׵ͷһȣſȶ΢΢һЦ
ȶգգˮĴ۾ҲһЦ
ʱѪɫĻεƬɽ𣬿˹Ϳ׼սȶ顯Ķ
׺Ȼһ΢΢һ䣬ãע⣬һֻǿɥ꣡


412 Ѫɫɥ꣨3
һֻѪɫɥ꣬һǻɫĲƵսףȾ͸Ѫ
ŵ壬ͺͺĲҰ׵Դն˫棬ĵĺǸĹâ
ɭɭݼͻðһ˿˿ֲľ⡣
ֶ׶ԣһֻʬȻ׼ûмĶѪ޵ɥ꣬ײ̫İ
ձĿԼƤһֱۣԵøĴĿǳһ׵ļѪɫצӣð
ҪǣɥٶȣʮֵĿ죬һһ岢ȫʵ壬һһ޵壬ʱʧһ
׵ѣʹÿ˹صͬʱͿȶ˶ҲѸٵ׼
ŮٴеģڿȶŵЩеȨȵʱױ֪ŮӣӦöǿı򶨣ֻѾʮֵľˣ
ЦЦʹ˵ѹ˼֡
ǲ̫ģֻɥȻЩȴҵĶ֡΢Ц˵Ȼ˿ȶǰ
Ȼײ֪ΪʲôȶԼƺһĸо֪޽磬ʵԽǿᱻƣᱻ˷ĵغ𾴡
ң˵Ѿ޷ķãܸӦҲһӢ۵ġ
ʵϾҲ֪ԼȫҲ˿ʲô
޽粻ͬ޽磬ûܿ˵ķʲôͬΪ޽罫˸֮ϣǼ˽ȣ
׵˿ȶǰȴҲо˿ȶмĿһۣȻĬĬվ׵߿
ײ֪СѾͷе뷨ҲܸӦСѾͷĵĸмж
ֻһССƬζѣ֮ǰһɱѻľɥ꣬ȶ˶׶˺ܶڴ
С֮⣬ѻѶԸ֮⣬иѶԸģɥ꣬һɥ꣬ѶȾѾܴǰɥ꣬ȻһЩɥ֮иΪǿһ֣ҪȻǿ˹Ҳء
ɥٶȺܿ죬׵ٶȸ졣
޽磬׵ĸоܺãɥţһһΣյĸоȻŹ
ڹ붼û룬һӣһ޴Ļ𺣶Ȼ佫ɥİ˽ȥ
ʹĻ𺣣ǳԽǿԪԭӦǽɫĻ棬˿̾Ǳ˼İɫֻһɥʱĲҽ
໡
ǿľˣ֮вϵĳײ׻𺣿Ƽ򵥣ɥʼն޷һ㣡
һȫѹƣҲһûκսΪɥǿȴǿĻ棬һ˶֪
׵Ļ棬ǿĳ̶ȣԷ˼
֮跨ף㾹Ȼ˻֮跨ʵ̫ˣ˹̾ɴ۾Ľ𾴵Ŀס
΢΢һЦǺǣҲʲôˣˮԷȽóһŶ

˶ͬʱɴ۾Ȼ۵Ĳ˼飡
ַܣһܣ
ǿ׵ȻŵǺȻ֣׾ǲѵģΪʾȻûбҪѣ
ףʦǰǵĸǣ˹ʮּ˵
ûһϢǰϢӵ˾̾ˣ
ˣҲ̫ȣȻҲȽ鷳ˣһҪѲʱ䣬ĻСɱһЩĺáЦ˵
˿̣ɥڻ֮ѾһϢˣҲΪⳡûսӦþŴν
ʱкȻӿһ΢Ĳ֮кʲôһ
׺ʲôأ
װ˼⡣
ڵûдɽ״̬˼ȲϳԽԵɽ״̬ľϸǿЩ
һ˲䣬׵תԼ̬
һ˿ССΣУ磬ıΪٿѻȥ
ⲻһ磬ΪǸ磬صˣǧǧ׶⣬Ϊ̫̫˽˾ˣûʲôÿϧ
粻ͬ磬ԣŽᡢѰлһʵԵ磬˶ѣлǿҵģԻȥ
ԣ˲ƶȻ仯һ޽ɽȻ̱˼ӣȴû̫Ӱ죡
ɽ֮׸оģһĸо
ǵģԼһָоǿ֮ײһּԸĴ
ûй֮ǰҲƺûκεı仯ǱǿȶûгΪ޵Ůӣоʱףһǿƣһߵƣһʵĳݵĳ嶯
ԼܸоƣʱҲ׵νλߵƣǱڵģһþӸ߹ٵˣֻôһ񣬶˸оһһƣ
׵Įɨһɥ꣬зٵʱԭóֵ⣬ûг֣Ϊһ̣УȻһˮ
ˮ
򵥵ˮ֮۳ķɽǿ󣬵û֪ˮ֮еˮϵֻһǶѣĶ׵һָһѾƷ鱦ɽָ
ݡ
ˮǿֱÿռȫŤͬʱǿƿƻ˿ռݵȶ
ʱ򣬿ȶֻ𾪣Ϳ˹ˣȴǼ˺Ȼ飡
⡭⡪ƿգƿա
˹૵˵ڶ֪׾Ȼǿ󣬶Ҳ֪ΪʲôޱɣҪ˵ء
һ̣֪ˣҲˡ
ɥȻ͵һѪ죬ȻȻʱˣ
޵ĽǱܵĽܵĽÿһΣǿ̫࣡
ɥ걾ǿߣٴνΪѪɫɥ꣬ǿѪɫɥ꣬СⷽԲʮֻвֻ
ڣһֻĻСģǻԵѡ
ǣһһǿƽһȴֱӵĴ͸ѪɫɥԴ
Ѫɫɥ꣬ųԴӲƻޣ˲䣬һˮ׵ĶԴ
ǿݺݵĴ͸ھϵһ
İһۡ죬ɥ㱻ɽĵ˳ȥȻݺݵڻ֮С
ˮǿֱӽԴ촷ۣɢ
𽥵ʧˣռ֮еѪɫϢȴǾõĲһƬ򣬾þòɢ
ջطɽ֮Уʱɽ״̬˻
ԸⱣ״̬ͷһ֪ڻ磬ӵжôĿֲ
ֻһм򵥵Ĺ̺ذһм򵥵Ĺѣֻǵػ꾳ĵһѣ
ǵ߲ĵػ꽣磬жôǿ
޷Ҳȥɽ״̬ͺñһһ״̬˵λߵĸоܻڲ¶˼ɵ;£
һ㣬ӵ˼ĿȶĶͿԿⲢҪġ
׵ģڷŻ򽣻̺İ塣
ҪĲĽѶȺܴⲻ˵߾磬ȫԲ˼ˡ
ΪĽֻڲλģȻûдϸ̫ңλ棬̫խǾ׵ܣ죬ȴֻǱɽһǶѡ
׻ָ֮󣬳һɫԳֲ԰ףΪ޽ͬϽ磬ʹԽĵҲԽ࣬Ͼڵʵֻǰ۷״̬Ҳֻ³ɾ֣Գ֮С
ȶϽסףĵĵ״磬ôˣ
һ硯׵ģ΢΢һůѪҺ֮Уƺʲôһ
Ȼ䣬뵽޵֮ǸƶǸƶԲλ棬ǺĹమǸŮӣ
ȻˣſȶкȻ뵽һõ⣬ɫЩˡ
ȶǵˮɽׯô׿ʵ


413 ػ꽣ܱ̬1
ˮɽׯȶЩԻʵֺȻãĿ⣬С⡯һ¡
磬Ҳǲλ棬óƣҲȶ
ȶɻãģҲ٣ʲôһֱ飬ľ
˵ķƶת޵⿨ȶҲûпԽǣ۲λĽʱȥ˶ã˵Լǲġ
ײɳ˼£ϵǱѰе
ƺЩã¶ȶЩԺ˵ţƺЩϤƺ˵һǾ벻أ״磬֪ˮɽׯ𣿡
ȶ˵ȴɻˮɽׯƺһμİɣǶСʱˣѾǲˣ״磬ô֪ģ
ԣ΢΢һ㶣漴ˮɽׯһΪζסĵطǸ꣬ҲΪʱʼһѪȵĵ·
˵ƽȴע⿨ȶͿ顣
׵ĻȻöʱסˣǽ˼ֱ֣۶ڲĲţɫҲԳ˻Īıŭ
漴뵽ʲôƵģסף׸硭
Ȼ䣬ƺȫǸξʮ𾪶Ŀףǲ֪˵Щʲô
Ҳû뵽ѪĸоԭȻ
׸硱һױ֪ٿȶӦܽתˣ
ܽˣ˱Ǹ˲λ磿ɽ磿磿
ܽˣתˣΪ˿ȶ
Ȼͬǵˮɽׯͬǵףô˭ܿң񣿻ˣ
׺ȻܷŭҲãλ棬׷ʲô
ת֮ˣǻǰ֮£ֻһαɱεḶ́ǱɱεһϾǰ£ɱΣֱԲķ򣬷ʾס
Ⲣ˵ڷԲ֮ǰͲҪ򣬶֮ǰǰӡ̵ֱɱεḶ́ǻᱻˡ
ȻһĻѶȣȻҪ˼֡
ã֮УȻȫһɫĹâĹâ֮Ƭ̱ʧˡ
˴һ£Ȼתף֮УǼ˵ļ
ӨϵĴ˫֮йȶͿͬʱ˽׵Ļ֮Уֹ
׸磬ܽȶ˵
׸磬ض˵
ܽأԼãһתõ˽㣬㵱ãⲢ̫ȣֻǣʮֵķŭǵģǷŭ
תˣʹʵ
Ȼžۣбŵʼյò磽⡣
ܽ߸磬ô˵
еķŭֹܽס˿ȴ֧û˵
Ŀʱ˼֣ſȶҲܽû˵
ܽͷŵһԩħˣ˵ȻƵˣҲùȫˣתֻصĻᶼûУҺضΪ˱ⱻԩħĥɱġ
ǿռ֮ţһλ֪ǿߴ򿪵ģ뿪ʱǣǷģһжġ
أҲǿҧ촽˵ͷСĵĵ磬˵ЩأΪ㣬ڿӦòǡ
׳Ĭ£飬뵽ǸλռڣʹҲ˵
£Ȼ׼ŭȴҲΪ
Ȼλǿô˵ˣеĵǱȥ˺ü֡
׵οܽһΪѰ˼䣬ѵõģͿȶùϵֻ˻
Ͼǰǽܡ
˵ΪΪֻس޽磬һȻǰڵľ磬˵磬Žӽ׳ƽ
Ѱǰļ䣬Ȼ޼䣬飬˹ȻҲҲΪСɥʧĸĿȶͿоˡ
̲̫ã˻ϲϲһʱע⵽ѪɫɥȥʱѪ
ѪѾ𽥵ҲѾɢʧˣڴ˿̵ѪǰһƷ鱦ԵĻ飡
ۣ磬Ʒ鱦ܽȻָ˼䣬ȴȻһӣ̲ס˳ͬʱƺΪǰļ䣬̲ס¿ɰСͷ
طһЦ󷽵ĵܽ㣬ʵûǿⶫҲŰɡ
˹ȻҲ޽֮УѵʵԽǿ󣬶ȻԽţԽˣʲô̰֮ġ
ЦȻһˣҲˣʲôܽŰɣȻʵǻŲô
׵Ļܽض̲ס˷
ͬʱǺѣ漴պ֮ĵ׸磬һҪЩɺ޵޶ɱˣ֪СѾЩɱʮڵ޺ͽǧˣ
ݣֻǼ򵥵ļһ£֪˵ĹƻǱص֣֮ǰһĻһֱͷŵصĻѪȣãһػСΪΣ
׵ı֤غܽ˿
˹ȴЩĿףлţ½ǺܺõģʵǺܲпģ䰴ʵܲһ֮Ļδ̫뵱Ȼ˰ɣ
ǿ˹û뷨ױкܽǰ˹ȥ
ǰΪ֮ǰѪɫɥѪȻȻֻѻʮһֻɥ꣡
ЩѪͻٻޣȴҲǿ֮
ΪÿȥһǿķϺõʯ䣬Ϊ޴ǿȻڸޣȻҲǿ
ΪܶõʯǷǵһǸϽʰȡڶ£Ƿٵܣ
һ֪ģ֮ǰܻرһ£ڣΪţγԼΪĵĿɽײòչֳһʵˣ
ǸǿߵʱǸǿߵõ𾴵磬ֳһʵΣ
ߣײֵܱ̫̫ܣȻǸŽ磬ȴ绨òᱻ۸
Ҫģڱǳ¿һǿĿɽ
ʮֻޣǿޣݣܿʹΧǶŵ֧Ԯ˹
һΣûΪķۺ죬һصĶѾҪΧס׵ʮֲֻޡ
ʱ޾ۼһ𣬶ЩﱼܵǶԣǵΪʵǻǺԥˡ
׶ʱҲΪԼ֮ǰⱣʵЩѼİ
ŵЦЦ̤һܽ˵󣬼˵˷ܺǿҵųģ׶Ȼɽ״̬
̶׸ûбֱʹ޽
䣡
ռ͵ĲԱߵܽغͿ˹Ǻһ
ͳһȺнʮǣҲɫȻֹס˽Ų
ߵγ˴۵ľ⣬Ȼһ𣬿ռ֮УķɽݺύȻ佫ʮֻ޸档
ȻǽɫĹâޱȴ۵Ľγɽһ޴ķɽ
ڳУʮֻ޾Ǳ˲Ŀ۵ĹâסˣȻסˣûԪ񣬿Ǳܶػ꽣סˡ
Ǳʧȴһ̳ϣһ̣ǳµģ
͡
ƿ޽Ŀռ䣬ҵıը˿ɽĹУռ࣬ɱֲĺɫ֣
Լж̲ס͵һĵģ̫̬˰ɣػ꽣޽ôͣѹԷһڵܵ޵ˣ
ֱ֮Ǳ̬ˣ


414 ػ꽣ܱ̬2
ִĶעĿѣ
٣ԲǧﷶΧǣˣ
ĿɿڴףǴ͵ıϼ𺳵ı飬Ǵ㵵ģʵǶ׵ľٶɵӰΪ֤
ˣԶٷɱǵı֣˵һС
ԭƽС򣬼ȫʱȿֺϣ֪ȥԼһǿǿߣ֪ģȴΪǿˣ׷׼ս
ֳ棬صĳ׵ļ㣬ЧҪõ̫࣬١Ȼֳʵ˲˾
ʱ򣬾޴𶯣ѾʹýȺ˶ΪʱǣֻǾһ
ػ꽣󣬷ʱ򣬲ǽʱ򣬶ٽɱʱһУ֮ǰһУƵһ̶ѡ
ľ𺳣ڿʼ
ռݲڶڱݵܣǿĦʹúڶʹŤ
һȫǶصģΪǴ϶µƺٶȣѾ˿Կˡ
ǸиԵʹΣСǣǲڵģҲ˵֮УǿǿҲĪڵޡ
ЩеЩˣ۽ȻǺܸߵģȻҲһǿĻ
ǻ򣡡һЩ̲ס
־ʹüеޣױ˾Ե𾴵ĿԼףĿ⡣
һ־Էף𾴵Ŀ⣬Ƕ׵һ
ָо׵˺ܶĴִǳ˼ƷҩһĴĸо
һУ˲䣬Ǻֻ׳Ƭ̣ǺһҲѾĻ
ʵϣ˶ֽ֮ͣУǿݵٶȣǲĿԿġ
ǽɫĹ㣬޴Ĺ⽣˲ɱʮֻȺ֮УȻֻоضȻһŵ͵һ޴ĺֻЩ˶ֱ졭һж˵һǿѾ֤
ңâɢȥʱʮֻޣѾʧӰˣʮֻޣƷ鱦һƷʯʮƷʯ
һƷʯ൱ڰٿƷʯһƷʯһͻƣɾ֮
ЩȺȻ仩ȻȺ֮Уÿ˶ǲ˼ףȻ׵ıʯĸʣ˾Եļ
ǵģܶɱ˽꣬ѳһ鱦׾Ȼһγʵ𾪺;壡
Ȼǰö۲޽ˣĺܸߣܶĿžԵĽ׿һ£ȴûиоκ˴̰Ŀ⣡
һ㣬׺ο
ԭˮϵͻϵ״ˣѹǿ󣡡
½ϵװȻǿ󣬹ϵСҪӢˣ
ߺߣҲ˵ˣС򣬿ϵСصĸֶأ

Ⱥ֮۷׷ףܿ죬һʮʮٵ£˶֪ˣǿ󵽱̬ӣһϵĸսޣ
ֻܸһ棬ΪܽһַеһԲԳɾۺڵǿˣϵͬʱ޽ԣ˿û˻ɣˣԳɾͲ
˵õģսһܻȥʱ䣬㹻ÿһ۽һϵԵԲĹУʵҲֹ
˱ɱ𷴵֮⣬ǲвĴڵģԿʼʱͬʱϵõѡ
Ǽ˵ֻܸһϵֻеһֶѣ
˵˹Է֮УֻܸȼաҲǻĹҲΪձıķ֮һ
׶ЩȻ֪ģܽȻǰļ䣬κһʱ䳬ǰ̫һԸ춨ˣ˹ȥȶͨĴռ֮С
ͨĴռ䣬ֻвһ״Сռȶںһķµȵ鱦㲻ϡ
ⶫƷѣζﲻ
ⶫռһöǣһöǻĴ﹤ߡ
׿۷׷׵ˣԼ𾴶еĿ⣬׵Ҳ˽ϾȺǣʵǺܿɰҲܴӡ
λǣҺã½ϵס
׺ƵĻӭ˻Ľк֮ǰ׵ĴնɱʮֻޣʹøһЩӣС򸽽ʱѾһֻޡ
Щǿ󣬱̬ҲžԵ̣ȻûԪ񣬵ֿµı̣˸ӵļɵ
ˣЩĵܣʹЩǵá
޾ս޾ɱЩǱųصѹÿһսСǶſ飬ȻԴȴ֣СǣǾܵЩʹ죬ԵĿġ
ΪǺǶҪѹأ˱ҪĴʳˮƹܣΪ˽ĹؼǵϵͨҪԷһġ
һ㣬ҲС֪ġ
Ȼ½ޣڳΪ֮ǰҲżɱޣȻ϶Щ޻ʯ鱦Ҳһ޵䱦ĸʵķ
Ŷ
Ⱥ֮жʱ˷ܵĺʱ򶼼׵Ŀ⣬ǾԵ𾴣
ǶŽᣬԱм˽ķȴ׵ĹƷԵõڳǵͬ
֪˵ҲֻᵱһЩΪʮֻ޶ǿԽǿ޵䷨ʯĸȻҲԽߣһ׵ģײ˵Ȼʮֵ
˵ˣΪãûʲôҪҲɣЩѾˡ
΢ЦţͰӣ˹׵ı仯ЩԣԱߣܽأҲĿ⼤˸žӨỨ
ۺʱǵĸ磬һӢۣڽɾͽħĲʥ˽磬ɾľԵ֮磬ķ
߳Ǹλ棬޽磬ǵĸ磬Ϊ޽磬ӴĹף
һƷʯһ޳ΪޣŪʯķ͵޽翪һͨĴţ壬ǺԶģ
ף޽һת۵㣡
΢ЦŻ˻֣궯Ⱥʱ
վ΢͹ϣһɵϣͨжϺ˼룬Ҫ鱦ʯĸߣһƺһķġ
һ㣬ӦҪģǾǣ޵ʵԽǿ󣬵鱦ʯĸʿ϶Ҫ߼֣
ԭѹԽǿޣԽܵõöȷʵŶ㿴СǱߣޣǿǱǿˣ
ǰǰһжЩףѣǻȻˡ
Ⱥ֮һ£ʱָֻܿƽ
ЦЦŵڶ㣬ƷˣΪǿСޣںǶսĹ֮У
Ȼڵᾧᾧսʱ鿪ΪԼṩսҪ⣬ǱٶȽսС޶ڵʯģ
ңһޣʵԽǱʯȻԽĻһãôǿ϶òʯʱҪڵʱ򣬽һɱ
֮ǰһЩȫһ˲ɱôڵĽᾧȻ֣
˵ʱ˶˼ʱʮֵİ
漴֮ܶȻĵ˵ͷȻͬ׵Ĺ۵㡣
Ͼɻʡ
ˣΪʲôްǻɱǿ޵ʱͬһȴʱûеʯ鱦أһŮСĵʵ


415 ɣ1
λ޳忡ͬСһŮӣ΢΢һЦ
ܺãʵģҲҽҪǿΪҪһ㡣
׿϶ĵ˵ͷѺõĳŮº͵΢Цһ㣬Һ֣ǣʵġ
ޱӵеʯǺǵʵȵģһﵽ۵ǹȻǿ󣬶ĳһ̶Ͻһɱܵõʯ鱦
ΪǸķ򣬱ͬʱǹԴѾһı仯̶ֳȣȻſԱģľۻڱʯ鱦ѣ
һЩʯ鱦޵ıǣѵʱôǵıܱ˲ЩٶȼӴ󣬶Ҵһֿ񱩵״̬
ĽҪôʱʯ鱦ɢޱ˲ɱҪô޶Ȼ÷øӵѲ
׺ŵĽ͵ټ˾ǻȻϿɵģҲ˿
۷׷ףŮȴĿף˵Ĵ۾˸űĹâ
׳΢ЦţŮʱϼ˫գԵúǺɰ
׽ŵһĻΪǹǿȴƻԣͺñһķһϷԳܺǿĳʵϣӽޱԵǳʱ򣬷𻵡
ͬģޣЩ޵ˮ׼ͬһߣһͬʵ£ǵĹڵıķ֮£ôȻɱȡ÷
ĻǿŴҵĹƿˡ
ޣܸһķӦҲǿģӽƷʵķʮֵѡ
ϸĽȻ漰һЩ޷˵˼룬ȴʵ̵ĴݵЩǵС
Ǿ׵Ľÿһ˵ݣԵʮֵ棬ȻϣҲ½ޣ֮ͨǰսĽ˵ÿһˣ׷ĵ׵ĵ𾴣
ǵУһΰˣ׵Ľ˵ʲôǣҲԻȥȻķ˼ױϵΣ
⡪Դ׵ʡƣԼ֮ǰΪ
ң˵ģԼ˼Ϊؼԭһ׵ı֣Կ˵ʮֵΰ
һƬĬĳĬ֮УһЩޣֿʼ궯
̧ͷ˿ܣȺĿ¶ѪڵĹâǣʱֵڣҺʹһ𣬴˵ܽľ飬ȥʵһһۣǷʵ
˵ĻǾԲỳɵģ˾СӢۣǵߣ
ˣǶģ

Ⱥ֮жʱԶʼֻѻɥꡢ޵ȣҲôˡ
׻֮£ȺԾĸ׵󣬶Ϊʵ۵ȷԣԳ֣һסޣǽЩȫסɱ
ΪʵϣҲЩţԼ̫ǿֻԭ
ǲԶģ涼У٣Լ֣޲ܶôСٻһᾧ
˳ֻ֣ʮ֮ҵĸʣʹѾиŵǶϲķˡ
״֮УҲԼ˵εĶȷʵȱǿ󣬵˿ֻ֪ǵԼƿѣ
£ȻǲЩȥ̸۵ġ
һȺѪмޣһȺźõͬȺһˣЩǣţǵˣԼС
һɱôڻ֮йȥˣһεɱޣɵģ׵ҲһС
һɨʹ޵٣ڽڣС򸽽Բǧǲˡ
عСʱ׵ģûƽһȻĳɾ͸УЩʧ
ڴ˿״̬ײɽ״̬֪ʧʧܾõĶһʼѡ
ǵģӦþ˵ıԡ
֮ԱƣԱʵϣڲпɱ֮УһֱЩĵס
ʹͲп֮ɱ¾ƣȻ磬ƽȻм顢ꡢѪŽѰ
ЩȥģȻЩʱȴ
֪ɽ״̬Ҳ״̬ü֣ȴԭҲϲ
üЦǣСѪɫϦ֮УЩ޲ɣȴչЦݵֻãԼĲһˡ
ϯصź質ԼϲҸʹóŶįСƺС򡪡ĿֵС
ǸˣΪʯ֮кܶޣΪޣ
˺񾳽磬ѣΪ޽ÿ˳ˡ
ҲҪ񣬽׳Ϊ򼸺ǺܶһӶͻƵ飬ʯȴͻƵϣ
磬ȻģҲֻǶ޶ԣ޶ԣӴͳѹ֮£Ȼܳͬޡ
ʵԽͣԽ죡
һջ񣬽ǧʯݣԳɾǧޣС򣬿ʼ
ףο񻶻
һ˫˫мѪ˿˫ۣһ˫˫ϣ۾һ˳羴Ŀ⣬׸оϵĵӣˡ
е񣬿СεĿ⣬״ĺܴʱ޲ܳСɥɭ֣ȥɱɥ꣬ռʯΪЩ޿֮·

ΧŻѣ֡ᵽβȺҲ𽥵ɢȥͬҲһͬ뿪
ǣСʱ֮ĬĬ
ߵĲǿ˹ҲܽأҲСϲǸ˵ŮӢۿ
ض˵磬Ϊʲô׽أЩʵ
Ŀ񷣬һöѪɫһѪɫľ޹һַѹ׺أûں
磬磬ʵ顢ףŽᣬҪǣǿʳķ򡣡
룬΢΢ЦŻشףͬʱĿ⣬޾ľػ
΢΢һ𣬶ʱЩףƺ뵽ʲô
Ȼ͵һݣоǺȻըһһ
磬ǿʳķ򣡡׶Ȼ뵽˵Ļ
ǵģ޽磬磬ǿʳȻķ򣬶ȴȻ򣡼ȻˣЩޣΪҪֲࣿǿʳķô
Щɻ漴뵽ˣǵģ磬޵֮ܶ࣬䣬ȴңȻֻ޻ụŽ
ңЩʮǿģҲСģԸ࣬ȴͬĶԴͬģ
СޣǿģͬҲᳬھһ
˫ܻὫʵͬһˮ׼ս
ǷӰ죿뵽ۣȻѾսҪȥ޽Ĵ͵ĳһ
ĳЩ޽ǿ۾ʱͬҲ뿪
ƺǿʳ壬ֻͬһռķѡ
跨ģȻӦǸǿĴڣȻǿʳΪʲôͲŽụõķķռ䣿
ˣӵĺͿˣûȥ˼⣬⣬ӵĳ̶ȣԲ׵ĸĸӳ̶ȡ
һضǸ壬֪ôˣȸʵֱӴԽȥ
ؽ΢΢һЩĵ磬ҷ֣ƺǸǵǿߣƺƣ
ţ΢΢һɣϽķ£ʱʱռ䣬ȻԵֻһΧռ䣬ڶѾתˣҼʹǿҲܻصµʱɣ
ǣоĺأƺһǣ㲻𣿡طʵ
΢΢һ㶣漴Ĭˡ
ѵԼδΪԼĹȥ趨һߵ·Ѿڴҷˣֻǡ


416 ɣ2
˼ţƺһֺܹؼ⣬һֱ
飬ƺһķ򷽷أмֿ϶Ŀ֮УҲ˼
ԵתٶȣԴﵽ˾˵ĳ̶ȣ⣬ⲢҪ̵㣬׵ġ
ָоһ߹ֱһ͸ǽסһŹǰȴôҲ޷õָо׾ܡ
׾ãδĳ죬ȻʱὫףҲΪѾ׵ĸķ߳һ·˵ǵһƾӶʵֿռԾԽ
г˼뵽ʱĿԴԽôӹȥ٣ܽˣ
ȻѾת޽磬ȴһʵôԼΪֲܴԽ֮ǰһ㣬ܽض
򣬻ǹ
磬ͬννؼ亴һеķɱ¾Ĺϵ󣬵ȴһ˿ϵһ㣬ȴû֪֪ˣҲѾˡ
׶⣬ֻ룬Ͳٷ˼ȥˣʲôʵδȻһէĶ˼ġ
׿أЦЦضСһʱ䣬·̿ܺգͿ˹ܽһɣʱС򡣡
ԣȻһȥ֪磬ʵ̫գ׵ʵȻǿ󣬵С򣬱Ͼ޳ûΪϡٵĵطҲʵĵطڱĵطޣʵҪСϵǿ١
ԣ׵Ļ֮ĵ˵ͷ磬Դӻָǰļܽض뿴ףԣ磬ǧҪԼǿ֮һҪǻȥס
׺ݺݵĵ˵ͷ
֪ܽȻ÷ʵϣ˵ϣܺúõıԼ
һɱ¾ʹռȽϼƷƷ鱦˿̣ȴǴʱ䣬öƷ鱦Ƴɻսף͸ܽغͿ˹ˡ
ܽһĸĸǱɱģǿ˹ǳԣ˹һĸףһ㡭ˣ׶ȻҲǿ˹Ķ顣
ʵϣܣϣСϵÿһλ޺ǶһЩǱϾʵʵޡ
ʣĶʮżƷĹԪ׸Լ֮ʮ˿Ŷ͸أƽָ˹ܽԼԼ
ҹ׶ڲ
޽ȻǵһΣǸоȴӣѶҲ󣬶Ʒ鱦ѾεķʱֻҪ׼ӹһ¾С
ĵҹ֮ǰⷨ깤ء
賿ʱ׸ظȻûȥ̲ܽסĴܽ·ܽĸԺԼ֮ܶȣʵǺݲܾҪ
ʵϣһεײ֤һ»֮ԽҪǣһӴĴ㣬ǾǽСΧޣȫһΣ
磬ǿʳ׼磬ǲпģʵϣͬǲпġ
׵õôǵ𾴺ͰʱҲѾӴΣҪΪ޽İϵŬ
賿С򣬼žС򶼷Ŀ֮ǣеĻŮˣŮ˻ˣ˯ţڷ
̤Ѫɫĳ߳Сդ
դ֮⣬һȺǣףǱΪֿľĿ⣬ÿˣԾĹ
ǲû˵ǵУ˵ǧأҪϡ
ѡ澳ĥһ˵ԣ˿̣ƬΣÿÿȴ
̫ȻѪɫģһ㶼ɰɵС֮⣬ŨܶճİͬʱΪѪɫĳԵü
ûʱС֮⣬ǻ߶ģҲ⡣
ʱ⣬ȴѪ
߳Сĺ˼΢µĿֻһֱϢӿĵףҲ΢΢üˬ⡣
Դ飬ѾƳһöָϧǣöָռȻӴȴ޷װһŶԴ顣
ҲźΪ֪޽磬ռָ֮Ŀռ䷨ǲܳصӵ編ռģԿռ棬޷װ
ռ䷨׶Ԫص۵ٶȺͷŵָɵʹżĸˡ
ﵽ˾żĸ󷨵ĳ̶ȣ׻ǺȥĹȥ֪ɽԷ֮ͬеô£ҲһƵˣױ㲻ٵɽˡ
ģһʼˣɽ䵽磬ʶĲпᣬӶıһ·ֻⱾɽϣǿ߽޽ķ
һߣһŹ֣ȴʼŪ壬ɽѪӡߵǲһˣԨۺѪӡߣʲôĹϵ
ԭŪ˵⣬ȫĸӻˡ
Ѿ磬ױ㽫Щĵףлٴλص磬ȥ˼Ҳ١
ҲЩ벻Ķһ㣬ʱϴ񣬵ȵԼ㹻ǿʱЩȻĸˮҲ˵
صЩΡɽͣڼ䣬ɱ˽ʮֻȽͨɥ꣬ջϣҲʵʯ
ʯҲ֪ԼգǼʶС֮ױûдԼȥЩˣǽЩʯСĵռ
׼ţڲλ棬ܽ۷壬ô޽磬ҲеҲһԱøӵǿ
ɭĸɽɢȥ֮󣬽һ޼ʵĲԭ
ԭǹ˿̣Ѿˡ
ںںڵģƲģںڵʡ
䣬ҲЩ΢ĺԾ֮ϣʱǳƵԶһ
΢΢Щ
ԭȻûʲôǿɼȣȴҲԶΪǿͳ£ĿҲԶԽԶԽޣҲܿ塣
οԭƽ̹ͬϯǿݲƽģС꣬ҲСĵ͹֮أԭ
ɫĲݶģԭԵûʲô񣬶ӲԱߣһЩˮŢģɫĿʮֵǡ
ɽ̤ͣƬݵأëëϸ㿪ʼʱ׸оȫһı̹ǵĺ⽵٣ɱ˼ء
ɽɽɽͷǱСΪƽԭĵطҲһƬԭ
ƽԭֳΪǵج֮أģһֻڵǡ
ա
֪Ŀ꣬Ҳƽԭ
ƽԭϣΪǿײеģͬӵھʵδޡ
ޣһͬѼһĽƣʵĽ·ңΪؼǣ޽֮УΪʵǿƣ۶޷УԣڵǣҲֻͬͨʿһսȻҲս
ԣЩ޿ĻϢĻôޣǷǳ̬ġ
ΪһĻ㲻þͻȻ䱻ɱûз
δΪǿģֻΣΪӵед̣
ǵģ̣ޣѻĲͬͷһֱ޴ļһĽǣ̣Ӳ֮൱Ʒķ鱦ǿ̶ȣ滹鲼׵֮
Ǻ¡¡δ޹ʱ򣬹޻ޣ׵ĺ֮


417 δޣ1
̤Ƭƽԭʼ֪սӦľҪˡ
վƽԭŢĲݵϣ鱦սѥ棬Ѿմ˻ɫŢһ·߹ҲĽӡ
أû֮еôӲ෴ʱһƬطһƬһ̤ȥ鲻Ȼݽȥ
һţСģʵܵƣȻĹǿ󣬵ķ棬ҲһͨûʲôͬûоԵٶȵĻƽԭǺΣյһ¡
δ޵Ŀ£ҲڣŢϣκεĺۼһһƮƮģϵڿռǻȻһϵĵطΪݵĹ
ƽԭϣ𽥵ĸԵںڵĻʹòԭȻַΧȴԵء
ɫĲݵأŢԶһɹɺС꣬¸û꣬УҲʱԶĺһĳƵһ
һΣһ޻ȥԣǶԣΪȻҲǶޱȵ
һţµŢʹƽԴĽͣΪ󲿷ֵкͣʵΪε顣
ϲٶȣΪѾԼƳΪ˷ɽԺϲɽհ裬ڣԼȻܲζ
ͷһĻǰУָֻоʵǿ
һЩǧ꣬꣬ʮһɱޣƽԭϵʱҲֻ겻ѡ
µĳƵĵطֻһ˳׵ķǵ־֪ĥµʲôĳ̶ȡ
׻ڸӵ˼źܶණʱкȻһɾǿĺ⣬ͬʱȫĺëǶȻ͵
һɲǵΣĸоٿȻľͬʱ־Եвĸоʹ׼Ǳܵķ͸ĴŲƹֻǺźǣ⹦ȴûмЧ˲䣬һֻԼ̫ڴʱȻǿ͵ʹӰǼ򵥵һ¡
ȻѾʧȥõȻû֮ǰĴŲƣֱӵʹӰҲ֪Լ⼸Ǳһ
δޣ
δ̵ľɱ
״֮ǰɱʮֻԼɱ¾һޣΪԼ̬ʵԶԸЩڵޡ
ǵڣײ֪Լһ£
ǵģ磬ʵǿ󣬵ǡԶԣ޶˵Ҳʮֵǿ
Ϊ֮ǰһֱ磬Ҽûиķ򣬵ʼǱжΪ磬޽磬Ļ򽣻ǡǡӵǿ޽˵
ͬģ޽ڵǿߣȴͬĶͬɽˣӵǿ̬ɱ
磬ǲụɱ˵޷棬ȴҪõĶࡪ٣ֻбܣûǿ̣
ֻǣˣδ޵ǿ󣬹Ǵһ㣬˾ÿֲΪ̵Ĺʵ̫ǿ
׵ӰһӰҲ޼¡
Ϊδ޵ֱǱ׸ûа취Ӱƭֲޡ
ݡ
ͬ׵Ļ굽δ޵ĹƿûУֻڴ̵ɲǣ˲ƿ֮֮ʲôûС
ǰʮ׵ķΧʱֻҪˣ
ΪٶȣȻȴֹٶ̫ࡣ
ףʱҲ͵Ĳһ£һֻȶĸоʱӿ֮У
ۣ
ǿ㣬ǿ̬Ҳһӱδ޵ľ޴Ĵƿķ
͡
Ȼ䣬׵˸Ƶȫ쳹쳹ؼ䣡
޴ĵ˲ĺݺݳ׵ģƬ̣ǿҵĴ̼ȫ
ָоǼʹģ
пЦʵǿʱ˼ת̫ˣһʱ䣬ؿԻһȫ
ʱײòи̾δޣʵ̫̬ˣǿٶ߳ĹֱǱ̬
ң֮ǰ̾̾Щʱȥʱȴ룬ΪԼ̾ˡ
ǿԵĸоһֱ˽ʱ䣬ףҲ֪ǿ߶ԣʱ䣬Ѿ㹻Լܶˡ
ֻǣû뵽δ޵ĹȻֻǱܶѣҵһ֮󣬴͸˵ˣڶͷ׵磬ϣУֻҪһͳͳɡ
ԽҪô̳ǵʬԪҪôĻǼļ̤ǵʬ壬ٷ
ڣ׵ǳδ޵֮⣬Ȼֻսܡ
ûɱףδ޾Ȼһ룬Ȼһ룬ޣȻ˾룬֮ʧˡ
Ȼ
ͷβ׶ûпⶫģδߵʱǴǿ͵ĴŴʱѾܵⶫϺ΢ĳѪȵĹζ
Ȼʮֵãⶫ׶ԣȴǾõĶ
֮ǰֹζȴֻǵԭϱŢζѣûж롣
˿̣ȻҵҲٴ⣬ʹɽ״̬ƣɽ֮󣬿ٵĻָƬ̣Ѿָ
Ͼδƿ׵壬ΪѾƳ˷ɽ̶ֳȵ˺˺׵ԪҪȻĴ׶ԣʲôӰ죡
Զ׼ɽ״̬£׵ֱָ۵ȣԷɽɴ˿ɼһˣ׶ԣء
Ȼ͸δ޵ĹصԼϾ߱ĳЩײڷ
ⶫԼ̣ĺֻܱ̬ǿűսޣǹֻͣѾԾˣ
Цһ֮ǰԼ⣬һΣδһΣͲôˡ
ɽ״̬µף侲ǡ
ɭĿ⣬ͬXһɨΧȫ˲䣬Ѿеʹ˽ĵؽ֮еĵػ
ػػ꽣֮еľɱ֮һĹǿĲһ㣬ػ꽣һȻӵı̬Ϊԭ򣬶ƽԭײûһȫ
Ҫıƽԭ֮أǷǳ֮Ҫġ
ػ꽣֮еľɱ֮ػһķ棬٣Ҳǿģ
Ȼһ֮УԪ֮ĹӦҪϼ֣Ͼÿһÿһʽ׽ǰӶóΪ׼õĹ
ˮţǣɽ״̬ףȴЦĸˡ
Ϊ״̬˵ֵζ֮⣬ƾˮжϣڸʲô
Ϊ֮䣬ˮ䣬ûʲô϶ģ٣ڵޣǲÿռģҲıֻ壬壬ƮƮģŢĲݵκεĽӡǣˮƮ䣬ȴ赲׵Ĳ²⡣
Ϊ˵ĵطˮ£ǲڲԭϣ޵ϡ
޵Σֻڣ岻ʧˣǴڵģֻǿѡ
ֻǿȻյˮʱ΢һ㣬޵ϣͻִƬƬˮ
Щж޵λãѾʲôˣ٣׳ζ֮⣬һۣȫ׼жδ޵λڡ
׵Цݣܿһ£Ȼ˻
ΪʲôΪֹ۲֮У׷֣ܸˮԼңԶĵط
Ҳ˵ûжʧĻôʵϣԲǧ׷Χֻǿδޣ


418 δޣ2
һˮƮ䣬ȫγһյشȻδˡ
ǵı棬Ȼǲỳܿ͸ǵĲ֮أʵϣȴѾ֡
ˣ׵ĵؽĵػһУѾֻδ͵ɱ˹ȥ
ػĹǺܱ̬ģ
ǿӲ֮δޣȻܵǿĹʱҲȻûıٴεƿ壡
ңһΣػžԽɱڴ͸δ޵һɲǣʱ͵ıֱ̺ӽδĸ˿
δ޺ǿ󣬵Ҳ˱̬ĻԵĹһг֮šۡһƵֻδ޶˲
䣡
Ǹ¥Ȼ̮ڣǿĻȻ䵹һֺȻΪ촷۵Ḷ́ѸͶ
ռһ£ŢʱɽˮɢҵĴҷɡ
һ͸ӣ촷֮йȻŢ֮йȦŢĲݵ֮С
߲ԶֻδޣȴȻûжûжһ£
ѾȷֻδʵĴڣҲԼжϲһ˿ĻˣϾδޣصģʵ̫ʵˡ
֮ǰӴĶңֻŵδޣȻû˿Ķȫӣһֻδ޵
ûԪûʶȴֻűܵޣȻͬ£
ΨһһӵѾɣʧӰˣ֪ǻɽ״̬Լ˿Ѿ׶༪ˡ
˫΢΢۳һɵȻ֮͸ӴӲݵϵŢ֮ȡϣһ̽飬ȴǷ֣ⶫֻһͨƷ鱦
ǣ̽鵽öӵʱ򣬲΢΢һϲ
ӣ̺һ͸ӵֻҪѪȡöӵĻ٣ڰ׷ԲΧǿԿδ޵ټģ
ⶫ׶ԣû̫壬ȴȻĵѪȡöӣ
ΪΪЩδ޵ı̣û֮еôͣ
һֱϣͶһְȫײΪԼ޵еģ
Ļ棬ԵĲֻ׾ΪԼһֱİȫȥ
ԼӲģпܣᱻδ޹
һײΪԼôõܱסԼ
δ֮УȻǿģҲСģ֮ǰһֻδޣѵͬʱҲֻ֪ԶԺСһֻδޡ
͸׵ѪҺӴϵʱ򣬶ʱɢһ̰ɫĹâȻ˲佫װγһ̰ɫĹȦݡ
ʹ׸ûз˼֪ⶫһá
Ȼһ̰֮ɫĹâ𽥵ɢȴ͸Ľ׵˫֮Уʱԭƺӵˡ
񣬿ĿռıݵεԿԼ֮ǰжϵĵطȻֻδڻ
һۿȥʱֻδѾûбֲƣ˲䣬ȻͻϮ
ʱҲѾо˿ռ֮е쳣˼ͬǱܵģȻܻ˷ɽȻֻδӭ湥˹ȥ
һεĹ׵ֱһΪɽʽҲͬǺʹǵػĹ
ʯ֮䣬ܻɵ֣ʱֻδײһֺȻײľ޴ٶȺ;޴ĳԼδЯŵľ޴Ĺֻô͵һ𵴡
ɽ֮ⱻʮǱȴû̫ˣͬģ׵Ĺ䵽ֻδ޵ϵʱֻδҲػǿҵĹֱӵĺ˳ȥ
ֻδޣȻҪ֮ǰһֻǿĶࡣ
ͬǱĵ˻Ţĵϵʱ򣬽µŢЩ򻬣ôһ¡
һ£˫֮䶼ЩǱ
ֻײŸأδ޾ȻٴεĹ˹˲䣬ûһ˿ף
ĳ̶ȣ֮֮ǰδ޵صĳ̶ȣȻҪǿü֣
һΣУʱҲףʼΣյĸоһֻδޣӦֻ
˫͵ɨΧһ֮󣬷˼
ʱ嶸Ȼ˼Ȼ˲䷢ǿһСػ꽣
һУȻǵĿǰΪֹΪǿ̬һˡ
ŷԼϵĶϤһУѾʹõĺǴˡ
ڵ˵һɲǣ׺ԥʹ˳
ȻһĻЩأǲһеĻ֪߲ƽԭˣ
ֻδޣȷʵǿ
־żƷĽƻǹģѾ൱ĺˣ
ױǿʹþżƷϵػ꽣ģȴȫûбҪ
żƷ󷨣Ȼͬһ㣬ϾǿֱӶԿǰҵǿˡ
޽磬󷨵ںߴĹ󷨣ϣʮֱ̬ģ
һ󣬶Ȼ֣㵲ֻδޣȻ˲ĳ֮У
һ֮УʣµһУͼˡ
Цһֱ˵ػ꽣Ȼɢķɽͬķ⽣֮С
֮У˿γɷɽϵĶֻδ޷ΪҵĹ
һĹǿЩδƣӦ
ʱļӳЩδѾЩһϢˡ
ֻ֪δĵıȽأǲʲôˣҲ󲿷ܻһǿޱȵĵػ꽣
ػ꽣֮УΪǿлԵĹȻ֮ǰǼʶ˵Ǿһ
ͬģһ۵ĹâѾ˲ʣȻһĿĽɫľ޽ţ⳯£ɢһǿޱȵĻϢ
Ƭ̣ǳµģûκιļ
һ̣ݡ
ֻƽԭɫ䣬Ű
͡
ɫĹ⽣ֲֿٶȣȻᴩ£һɻصƣݺݵĳռ֮С
ӴĿռ䶯ǼԵıըȻ
䣡
Ţδޱըɵ촷ѸٵĲһĴҷɣͬʱˮըĴҽˮ촷۽ռһʱڣ
һ£ûκεδĲˣֻǿδޣûһֻܿ˱̬ĻԵĹ
ͬģɢȥ׿͸һķӣȴ׵ĿӿݵĲԭϵըĴˮ๵ŵ͸ӣɢһıϢȻ棬һȳζ
΢΢һ֪ôãֻδ޾ȻȻӣȻǺѵõġ
ַһöȡ˹
̰ɫֱӵ׵Уϸ̽ʱȴ΢΢Щϧˡ
ӣȻƷ鱦ֻǺܿϧǣΪĹӵƷΣѾͳΪƷ鱦
Ʒ鱦㲻ˡ
ΪӵɫƷ鱦Ҫǿͼ֣˵ӵļֵӦǺƷ鱦ӵͬ
Ȼϧ׽εսҲ֪ƽԭѶҪĶˣңϧҲźֻ̬ܽδɱѾˡ
Ϊ˰ȫ룬ûж룬ٴεһ򵥵İ˼Ʒ󷨣ȻУ˿͵ػһ徲Ŀռ䣬ָ

ƽԭܿ˺ڰ
ʱ޸Ѿ״̬ȻָѣֻǺҹ٣ײҶ̤̣״㣬оһƷ鱦ӣ̺ôİء


419 ֣ⷢ1
޽ޣĶʯ鱦
еӣȻʯ
һ˿ûн⿪ɻǾǣʯ޵ᾧ̺žĽᾧ
ԵģûģûνԪҲûνʶǣȴ
ǣͬǿֲӵǿĹ
һֱڻɣʯ鱦֮Ӧ̺ܣ٣棬Щ޵ı
׶еӣ˼
ײûеѪȡΪһѪȡͻʹöӲ仯֮ӵܣȻʧ
ҲǳöӵԭϵܣᵴȻ޴档
չԼöӣȻԼľ͸˽ȥ
Ϊ̽ײûע̫һֻͷųССһ
׵һԪ̰ɫ֮󣬱Ȼһںһء
΢΢һȴûֹͣ̽Ķռε˽ȥ
ռֻһƬɣ̰ɫʵɼʮֵ͡
֮ǰŨܶճİһ磬ġ
׵ԪЩɫȴķ֣ЩҺ壬ҲǹһЩľӣɫӲһγͬһĶ
ռ֮УĶеĵطʮֵĳܣеĵطȴʮֵϡ
ķţ˼ţܾãЩӦú޵ʶűȻϵ
΢΢׷ֳԼԪ񣬽ռ֮С
ɽԭѾԪںϳΪһ壬Դӽ֮ײףֺ壬ֻǴﵽԲ˾һ̶ѡ
ҪģǴϽ編ʼ
״˿¶˾ֳԼԪ㷨ռ֮УȴѾơ
֣Ѿöӣָ֮Ѿƿһ϶ֻҪԪܵκϮĻʱԼָѪմö
ԣݵ֮̽׵ǲôġ
ֳԪ񣬽ⷨռ֮׻Լͷųһ̽·
Ԫ֮ⷨУȻ׵ĽӴЩһĿӴЩʱ׵Ԫ񣬾Ȼ˼ִ
һˬĸоǵԪӤ˫һ־ϵļʿܡĸоĴ̼ס
׻عʱߵİɫȴǵ࣡
Ƭ̣׺Ȼ֣ԼԪ񣬾ȻЩɵˣ
һϴƮȻĸо״𾪣
ô£ôɻ
ʱģƺһּǿҵջջ׵ģ͵Ĳһ£
ģǴĵȻ䴫һĺһôңô޷ܣ
׵־ǿ˼ǱʮҲûгűĵطƮȥֻµƬΧСĵĻš
УڱܵģĪٻʮֵļɵ˾֮ģʮֵǿ
ĵ׵ĺ֪һޣֻκ˶޷ֿջ
ͬѾйϻľҪǣѾƳΪ˷ɽ˽꣬ԣⷽ棬ûκܺȡ
ϸЩɫĿȻϸķ֮УڵóһЩ˼Ľۣ
Щȥǻǣ
Щ꣬ϵĻۣںһģôǴᾧ壬ҲǾʯ
һЩ֮ǰȽϵǿ󣬶ϵĥԼϵĻģһıܣսıܣ
սܵ壬ȻѾΪ˷Ʒˣ
кȻȻ뵽ܣȴôҲš
ֻǣᣬзӵĳء
飬Ȼ˾óأ̣ô۵ģȴһ⣡
Ϊ޻ǵ꣬ȻЩʼ̬ʲô
ǵıԺδ
ȻΪʼʱû֧ǹǼбܣҲγǿޣĻǵòƬġ
ô
״ЩƾճֵģңֻűܵĶȻûġ
׺Ȼ뵽˺ԼǸ
ǸʲôԺδײЩˡ
жʮֵļɵΪ˸࣬Ȼȥ
ռڲĻҪ״ϣѾڼ˵۷״̬ˡ
ôһСգһִﵽԲĸоͺ˺ܾõľ磬ĳ嶯һ
ײҴ⣬ЩƬ֮Դȥ
ǰɫ𽥵ϡռ䣬ȴ𽥵ʾɫɫ
һʿ߼ʵĿռ䣬ûʲôûʲôѹ
׵Ԫ񣬾һ鲻
ʶһԪƮԶ
ǰ𽥵ԵЩڰһƬƽϣǰ޾ڵĺڰʮֵ䡣
ǵ档
ʱֹƻϵ˼̬ǶĥµЩҪǰ̤һˣ
תҲ룬ʱϵԼȻָһʱһѪ
ݡ
ͬһѪһ޴ѪȻ䴩޵ԪȻڰĿռ֮У
ڡ
Ȼ䣬ڰ֮͵һӴֲİɫĻ棬ʱϯѪ
ڰ֮УȻûʲôĸܵĿռ䣬ڷ췭ظĿֲı仯
ֱ仯ֱʮ𾪵ģ
˼ڻϯѪʱһӴݺݵķ˻ݺݵײ׵Ԫϣ
أ
Ԫʱܵش͵һҪıը
Ԫ񵹷˳ȥֱӺϵֱ˻
˿̣׺Ȼһ͵³˴ڴڵѪɫ˲԰׵˼㡣
д󺧵æóһżƷĹԪȻԥȥѾúڰˮԴĿռ֮УȻæָ
һεĹ׶ԣ˺ʮ־޴ġ
ңΪԪشɽǱ˲Σճ̶ȣ˵ģ
׷ӦѸ٣͵ٻԪ񣬷ǽռĶңԽԪĨɱ
׻ص֮֮ҲҴ⣬ж˾Ѫӵϵ֮Ŭϵҩָ
һεĻָĺķ˽ʮʱ䣬ŽԪ޸
ǼҲʹ׵Ϊˣ
ԭﵽ۷Բ״̬ף˿ʵ½˽һ֮࣡
ײû̫ϧЩңѾ֪Ǻڰĵطÿ޵Ĺؼ֮
ĴһЩ޵ĳ֮أҲЩ޵Դ֮
ܣû˷֣Ϊ֪ˣѾڰĵطˡ
֪ԼľѪĻ٣ЩʲôܣӦ֪һЩġ
ϾĻѾΪķ֮һ
˿ҲҴ⣬óŵʱѾðڵӡ
ֻǣٴμöӵʱ΢΢һ𣬶ʱ֪á
ΪӣͨıķһѾܲκε⣡
ǾѪ˺ڰ֮Уӱ棬ûκεĲͬ
棬Ҳоκε⡪ڲֻһƬտĿռ䣬˶ѣ
Щʵóһöûд̰ɫӡ


420 ֣ⷢ2
֮ˣҪľ
˳ʱ䣬֮ḻ֮ǲ
ģǽеӣļ
ּ𣬲Ǵ֮ǰĹһöܣȫĳǰ
̣׵ıɵǣûһľ⣡
Լף£һԼ⿪ţô޽磬пĽ֣ܽд
׶ԼԼĸоţ
⣬һֱԵıܣ
־ᶨĿⷺһּ֮⣬ɫʱøӵϾء
һڵǿĽֱƿԼָȻԪѪҺһ𣬶Ȼڲ롣
һΣ׵ԪֱӵǺڰȻôǿңʱ׾Ԫ񼴽ȥʱ򣬽ѪǺڰ֮У
͡
ڰ֮У׵˸
ɫ׵磬ͬԾԨǿĵ绡âݺݵĴ׵Ԫ
׵Ԫ˲伱ĲţʱԸоԼԪ֮УǽεԪĵ
һֻȻӿ׵ԪģƺҪһɲǣ׳׵Ļ
ֻǣǻ֮˿̣̬ƽ򶨣ѾǴɽ״̬׼˱ƽҲûлң
ԪģȻͬӿһǿ֮Ȼ׵绡ݺݵײһ
ڡ
׿κεĶԪȴǸоõһһĵ绡˻̻ͬһԪ֮ɢ
Ԫں֮Уһֱͬһıȫɢ˳γӿĲΣ׵Ԫû
Ƭֻ̣ǧһʱƺȻʧȥ塣
ԪѾص֮У֮ǰΪܴ˵ʵȻָԲо
ͬʱ֮ǰܵ˺ȫʧˣƺ֮ǰûоôһɲǵս
ȫӴһֳʵµţţ׵սǿ
֪֮ǰһģԪں֮Уʲô仯ײö֪
ûв²ӦǽĻ򷢻սã޸á
һֱĬ˼֮ǰһУͼķȴʼһ
У̰ɫӣѾˡ
öӣûбǣȴѾȫıˣûκε塣
ǺڰռܣȴȻûн⿪
ǣѾûȤȥ⿪ˡ
֪ǺڰĿռ䣬Դ֮أһûд
֮ǰ̽Ҳ϶һ£Ǿǣڰռ䣬޵ĽͶӰ磬ˣֻҪ˺ڰռ䣬ô޽ޣΪǡ
ֻǣҲ֪Ǻڰռ䣬ֻͨޣһշͶӰ̽ҲֻбͶӰյĺڰռ䣬ʲôЧ
ǿ󷨿һ֮һǺڰֻһ֮ϵĴţ˶ѣ
ǴţޣӦֻǣȻֻ
ԣ֪ʵûһĳ̶ȣȥ̽ڰռ䣬
ȻǰɫӣҲֻжεδޣûĶǿɱʱ򣬲ܱ֤ǺڰռĴڣģڰռ䣬ȱ
Щ׾֮󣬵óĽۡ
ȷһ㣬ױҪ⡣
ҲǱֶɵڰռ֮УΪţɱδ޵ڵޣӦò࣡
ңܷԪ֮еˣ࣡
㣬úܶķǰȽϰȫ
ӵĬĬʼ𽣻
ﵽǰڵ۷״̬Ѿܾˣ񣬲ԼͻƵļȴʮֵѵá
ͻƣȻеˮһͻƣֻ磬޽粻ͬıڣͻʮֵѡ
һͻƵһҪץסᡣ
ײɥʧᣬңƽԭΣգԶԶ׵󷨵ڻĬĬ
һεͬģǴӽľ翪ʼȻһֱػ꽣״̬Ȼڵػ꽣״̬Բʱ򣬲ٴεľ
ܻ֮Ǭ
ػ꽣һ㾳磬ǵػǬ
ػǬһУӦģȫڵʵˡ
ػǬһ֮ʵͿԴﵽڵ۷״̬һػǬﵽԲ״̬Ļ׵ʵֽٽһﵽǿڵĶ״̬
صǣһһﵽ֮󣬱˲ܽһˣھ֮׵ʵֱӵĴﵽڵ۷״̬
УֻҪ׿ĵеػǬһɣôٴεͻƣ
͵ͬûл֧֣ߵľ羫̫죬񷴶Ҫһ¸
޽ķķ򣬸ͬѶȻ
һʱķѵĲ࣬Ҳ˽һʱ䡣
һʱ䣬ƽԭԣкܶ
׳֮վ
һҺɫսףӳŵһӣݵȧǣʹ׿ͨʵĪ⡣
ɫĳƮ
Ĳԭ֮ϣʱ׵֮ףһķɽٵڲԭϡ
ʱӰ˸һ˲ɱһֻδ޻һֻɥʬ
һ㣬׶ԣȻǿƽԭȻȻЩΣգѾ첻̫˺ˡ
Խ꣬һ·ϣɱ˽ٵδޣΪʵʯ鱦ӣıӦ˺ܶࡣ
ӭĺ磬ٴεһ꣬ǰһ˵սСӣʱ׵С
ˣжŮ
зֱԷ򡪡׵編򣬻ԷľԷ֮еķԷڵޡ
Ůӣģ㣬㲻ʮֵƯȴͿ
ŮӾǳɫսףһŮȻҪԵķ򣬶һŮӣȴһսϵĹԷߡ
ˣ˿ϵĺܺõĽһֻδޣ
δÿһδ̣ʱǹϵŮޱᶸȻͷųǿȴĿĹââʹδ޵Ĵ̹ȫʧЧ
ʱǷԷޣʹԷ֮е֮ķʹδ޵λع⡣
ӵ׵硢ԼŮ߱ͬʱ֣
Ḷ́ʱ䲢ǺȻδڼ֮󣬱㱻ɱ
ʱ˿ȻѸٵĽ䱸
֮󣬱˲ĳ־Ľ䱸ԾĿ¶֮ɫѸٵӭ
ʦһ಻СϵǺǣɶǼǹİȫأû뵽ʦȻƽԭһ˷ܵ˵
ʦƽԭΣ֮ʦҪİһŮ޺˵
º͵ЦЦ˵ǺǣǶģҿǵʮֵľǻЩղãպ⼸Ҵƽԭɱޣ˳һЩ
ԣǴϲ
ȻǾڵޣ׵ʵǵһѾ˼ĺ䶯Ʒ棬׾С𾴵Ķ
ָǣ֮õĺ£Ȼỳûʵ
׼˼ģЦЦմ˵һĿȴǰ
ʦô£
׵ı仯óϵ޶ʱʵҲ۷ϵ򣬸ߵĶȴʲôҲܲ
ײպأ΢΢ЦȽϳＯǰֻδ޺һֻѪɫ


421 Ů
׵Ļɱ΢΢ЩѪɫδޣӵǿ󼸷֡
ֻδ޺ͼֻѪɫϣЩ
Ⱥ֮ǰǵѰ취ܣ
ǵģܣȻܼǿÿ˶ɵԼ޷еĵ˵ʱ򣬻ɵɵĳȥ
ԼΪװ׵ȥúõĻȥɱһЩ䵥ޣɴ͵ŶӣȻȥɱޡ
£Ǽܣû֮ǰҲߵġ
ϾˣȻʮֵȥġ
˵ı飬׿Уɿοǲ̫ģŲʮֻޣκβҵģȿҵḶ́ʵʱѧŵ㡣
׺˵Ȼǰ˾ǿԣǿǺֹһ㣿
ټ磬޽Ĵڣ׵ʵǿޱȣ
˵Ȼ׵ʵȴʮֵĵ׵İΣǼᶨĿ⣬˱㶼Ĭˡ
ȴģһΣգǱƴҲҪ֤׵İȫ
˵뷨׵ǣο
Ҳûȥʲôս˵һС
׵Ĺûдʹýֻһֱܡ
֪޽ЩǣֱܸоǷǳǿģǲŶδΣ֮ӵ
ҪģʵһЩⷽǱޣǶãñܵսսʶսµġ
ֻδ޻Ϊ׵˲ûзǣȻΣСĳ߹
ʱһܵսо𣬼˲䣬ױ˳ȥ
һΣսʶıܵĹٶϣȻ֮ɽʹýٶҪôһ㣬ϣȴ١
ϾͨѾΪ൱Ʒ鱦ǿȣһķɽܵҲ̺ŽĻ֮
ֻá͡һռһ˸Ųţһǿε˿ǿľڵʱʹδȫ˳
ʱδޱܵķ˴̹
ݡ
͸ⶸȻ˳ݺݵĳ׷ȥ
ǣڣһΪȴǾ޸֮Ӱȴڷ֮֮ˡ
׵屾ǷɽһΪɽҲɽĺô
˿̣ףȻļ٣ٶȸһɣˣ˵У׶Ȼʧˡ
һ̣Ŀĺķɽ˸ǷɽȴѾֻδ޵Դ
ǿһٹᴩȻδŤһɲǣ޴ӷɽϱֱӽֻδѸٵĽɱ
˿ӿֱӵʹֻδ޵壬Ȼ仯촷ۣȻɢؼ䣡
ɽ͸ֻδ޵֮һȻ֮УӰһɽʧ׸ߴıӰ˵ǰ
𾪵ԸӣϸǴޱȵľ𾴡
֮
УȻǻ֮
ת˫֣ЦݵǶûУ
˾ݺݵĵ˵ͷһ޵Ƕˣ֮ǰǰװ׵ĵˣԴʦʵƽԭϣûе֡
ޣ׷׵ͷ
΢΢һЦÿɷĿȴƽעˡ
Щ׵Ŀ⣬һӱû˵ʦǺСӣǶӳδ׵編ϵޣλţϵޣλԶսϵޣλ£ϵޣϵ
΢΢ͷˣȻŸʶС򣬺СţǱȽϳģײ̫İ
ԭǱǺСӣ飬ܲѹǹƽԭвЦ
ЩУ׵δ˵սǴȽΣգ֮ǰʦĻһǿֵʮǱˡ
׺ƵЦЦ˵Щˣţ˵һ˵֮ǰս֮У㿴ʲôʲôʹõǵĶ鵱У
һС䲢ΪȴܲȻ֮ˣǲԼ򵥵ģжΪġ
ź͵͵һۣ׵ĿǹЩĵңҴ֮ǰģս֮Уˡˡ
ǺǣţֲˡЦ޹ϵŮӣƺǺһһֺܿɰĸо
ЩȴǹӴʦ֮ǰսңǿ㡣
һ㣬ʦսȻǻãǲȥսƺǿսʶȻƾ豾ɲǼ֣Ƕսʶһŵ飬һ㣬ںܶ¶ܵǿľй
ֻǣһϣǵսܱ˸յʱðȻսֻ֣ܳǻΣյģȻС򸽽޶ûĻڻԭߵأɫԼ֮Դ޿Ƿǳµģ޶ˣԣһǿЧãǲ̫
Ȼ׺ܵ𾴣Ż׳ŵ˵Լ뷨
ŵ뷨ȴͣԲЦţ˵ĺȷȴһ㣬ҪţǾǣԼ֮еǵԵļᶨʱκεƺֶΣǲɱαĵģˣǿҶʵĵ׵սʶȫŵģ
⣬ҪѧʲôٵսʶʲôսʶЩ˵޷ᣬֻھϵսϴ񡢲ϵսʶͱսʱ򣬲Ż𽥵ף
˵ķĿǰʺϵġţ˵㻹ʲô
ŵõ׵Ŀ϶ƺǿ˲٣ɬЦЦǳźΣڶ㣬ǹİգԼڵ˵Ĺֶε˽ơ
˵Щӣϸȷʵ
Ϊķİգڲ˵صʱΪЧֶΣԷ֮ʹÿռ䲨ſռ䲨κޣΡ
Ͼÿ˵ķ򶼲һʹ޷ͬķȥ䣬ˣһ㣬ǶԣȴΪõģΪַǿ׵ĵ֪δ޵ص㣬һδ޵δ̹Ѿвˣ
ս˳ʱ䣬޵Ĺգȴ֪ȥ
ȻҪʲôҪжĻ޵ĳЩλץסǰףǺԼǵ֮У
ȻҲָûǵޣǵޣȻۡ
ٴϸķȴοĵ˵ͷѵѹͲȴʵ˸
׵ĿŹͣų׵ķеĵǺ΢΢һ˿⣬˵㣬Ǻ֮ǰʦĽйˡ
ҲǶİշ棬Ȼǰ㣬ʵֻȵİˡ
ʦһ˲ɱ޵ԭ򣬱ҲڴˣǾǣϵĺ
ʦ֮ǰĶɣǶ֪ġ¶ɰЦݣСѺԡ
׹ЦˬĵãĺܺãҪݵ˼ˡ
һöƷ鱦öʯ㶼ǵˡ
Цţֳ֮Ȼԭǿݵĵ棬Ȼ̰ɫӣӣȴ֮ǰֻδ֮ģֻǵʱ׵Ӱ˸סⷨĹѡ
ײǲ˽ȷʵǿУ˵Ĺ۲ѧϰѡ
񣬻ּ䣬öӱŷȥ
δЩʦɡ
üͷһ壬žţôʲôҵʵҪЩҲ޴ãⶫţʵΪСΪ޽һЩޣǸô
׵Ļδ˷ЩҲپܾöӽ˹ȻĴռ֮С


422 ż
Ϊһ֮£δ֮ĹϵҲ˼֡
ԭЩŮţҲôˣԵú˷ܡ
˺׵Ĺϵ˼֮źһսϵŮ߲ʱ˵˵䣬һʱǻ䡣
֮ǰķսСӵİνǼģңŵϸķ֮£СӶ֪·ôȥߡ
׿⺮սСӵԱ˵˷ܣյأҲʱȴصİҲЩο
ڣǸ˵ʱΪֻδ֮⣬аֻѪɫֻ֮ǰΪֻδ޵ʹðֻѪɫûзˡ
Ѫɫδ޲ͬΪѪɫǺԵģǲԣⲢǲ£
ѪɫͬϹ޾βһ㣬ȻûоֻβͣÿһֻѪɫβͣβͣȴǷš
һţ޴ͬɨһë׵Ѫɫβͣβ棬ë׵ģʱ˸Űɫĵ绡һĵĹâ
һţβͣβ֮ͣβͻҪӴһ㣬βͣȴɫģһĺɫĹ㣬βë׵ëϣͬŹĶ˸оĵ绡â
ѪɫĿ£ǵĹǵٶȣ
ѪɫٶȣΪͷʹģΪѪɫβͣȻ䶯ʱ򣬾γɵһϣʹǵٶȣȻʮѸ٣˺ܶǼѪɫѡܣ
ȻǵоƵʱ򣬻ǿһսġ
£СˣףѾһäĿˡ
ΪǵУѪɫٶȣûδ޵δ̹в
°ֻѪɫͬʱ֣СȻţǱܵģھ˷ܵʱ򣬻վ׵ߣǷĵıܵĶ׵ı֡
ԭǴúС˰֮ǰʾϰһµģ£ŰֻѪɫΣ̫ߣڼ˷ĵı׵ı֣ʹ״ȽΣų˵
Ҳ֪Щ޹ĻɱͬǷǳǿģϾ磬޽һз򣬶׶ԣͬǿֲ
ֻǣٶȷ棬ͳʹٶȴٶȷ棬Ȼʮֵš
Ȼ޷ʱ䱣ּǿٶȣӰʱĸת׾ʮǿġ
Ϊ΢΢һЦһ˷ĵʾȻȻ䶯ˡ
ʱ򣬴Ǹо׵ص״̬ͳҵɱ⣬ֻѪɫȻķ˹
ǰ˵תŵķɵһ켣ʮֵƮǼ˲䣬ͬʱԼĺСӵޡ
ʱҲҴ⣬磬˵ûκεĹϵģߣڱҪʱ׻һЩߵһЩˣ޽磬˺֮䣬ûֶթ͹ĶǣϡŽȵѰ׵ĴǳĴͬģҲóϵģȥԴЩǣ
ˣһСС˺׶ԸΪԼĴ⣬ʹǸˡ
Լ˲䣬׷˹ǺȻ˲ͷų˰˼Ʒػ󷨣
޽磬˲Ϊǿˡ
żƷ󷨣;żƷ󷨣ͬͷųΪʵԭԼϵĸӵĳ̶ȣײںܶݵʱͷų˰˼Ʒ˲䷢Ҳ׵һˣ⻹ʵһ²ˣ
ˣֻǰ˼Ʒػ󷨣ЩǺ
֮ǰͷ󷨣ȴڰ׼˺ܾõĻϲɵġ
˲˼Ʒػ󷨣γһ͸εĹ֣ػһС˶ʱȫĴˡ
⣬󷨣ػ󷨣ƷеƷػ󷨣羪
˿̣źŮޣҲһݵף˫֮УĿôᡭ
޽磬󷨱ΪΪǿǱķֶ޽粻û˻ᣬָʣʮڷ֮һ޽˿ڻ̫󣬱֮磬Ҫ˺ܶࡣ
ȻǼʮڷ֮һĸʣ󷨵ǣǧģľ磬ν֮٣
С򣬿رĴ󣬵˿ǧڣǧ֮Уֻвʮڵޣ֮УĿǰΪֹû˻󷨣
׵裬úСӵĳԱС˶𾪣
׸ǵ𾪣Ѿ̫ˣȻ𾪣Ѿپˡ
УѾˣǴʦǹرĹ
״˿̲û˵뷨û뵽Ϊĳ֣ʹźʱ򣬸һֵ㺡
˱ʱױѾȫİ
δľȵҲ֪˶󷨣Ƕ֪һЩģȻˣԭ˲Ҫ߳󷨣ʱȴûٶ˵
ûδ˴İȫĸ׳ֱ˺ܶ࣬ҰֻѪɫȻţҲ֪ʲô̬ҲҴ⡣
ң׶κεˣġ
ٵתΪɽ״̬ûб԰ֻޣǰΧԵĹõֶΣĪʹõػ꽣
ػ꽣ӵǿķΧǿĨɱǺܲѡ
ˣ˲䣬ȫȻɢ˿ķɽ
廯ķɽǿĽ֮Уܻˣ
ȫγһƬռ䣬뷢һ㣬ķɽĴɱѪɫٶȿԸӣӴķɽǰҲ޼¡
ػ꽣֮УΪ̬ģȻǽ֮еĺһĹ
ں֮Ĺֹеĵػ꽣Ŀ֮󣬲űһεĻ𹥻
ȻǿķɽȺ֮УѪɫٶһ㣬Ҳܲס಻Ĺ
ѪɫڷɽȺ֮д󣬵ǷɽȴһٵЩӰȻ󷢶󹥻
ȻǿĻ޷ЩѪɫɱһػ꽣ĹȴѾʼ
׵üͷ΢΢չʱȻ̧Щ˫ۿ˿ɫա
һ۵ĹâѾ˲ʣȻһĿĽɫľ޽ţ⳯£ɢһǿޱȵĻϢһ˱ĻϢ
û뵽ֻһľѣһεĵػ꽣̺֮ĻϢȻŨ˲֪ٱ
ϢԼĪоԼģڲڲ
Ƭ̣ǳµģûκιļ󣬵֪ԽƽԽԵÿֲ
Ȼһ̣ɫȻһ䣡
ݡ
ֻã谵Ĳԭϣʱɫ䣬ŰںڵƲ㣬˲ϯأ޽ĩգһ
͡
ɫĹ⽣־Ǽ˿ֲٶȣȻᴩ£һɻصƣݺݵĳռ֮С
ӴĿռ䶯šţţһȦȦŤĲƣ
ǼԵıըȻȻγӴͽĻÿвϵĻ죡
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡
ɫŢǵˮѪɫըɵ촷ѸٵĲһĴҷɡ
ͬʱˮըĴҽˮ촷۽ռһʱڣ
һεĳֳֻĲ״һεļʶӿֲĵػ꽣ֻԼѪȡ
һ£ͬûκε
ֻѪɫûһֻܿ˱̬ĻԵĹ
ȫĨɱڻ֮С


423 
ֻѪɫ˲ʹ˰˿Ʒʯ
Ʒʯ̶ȣȻԶһеĺСӶԱǣ뻶ϲ֮С
˿ʯƷģģǳӴջǲġ
һ𽥵ƽϢʱ֮УŻҵľƲ㡣
氲ʱսѾһƬǽ壬ϸһ޴ˮӣһƬڡ
£һЩˮͣˮȥˮԱߣŰ˿žӨ͸ӡ
лЩֹĻСӵˣȴѾ
ЩײҪȻֱӵúСȡȥ
СˣҲͬûоܾЩʯǵǵУҲΪԼĶһ㣬Ȼû˵š
֪Լɱ޻õʯҲ޳ķ׸ҪʹõʯǣͬģЩʯȻɱޣͳȥʱ˵ģһ׵֣
޽Ϊ˴ķÿһˣǺ
Ḷ́һõĹˣ״źСӣʱɱޣʵ֮ǰ̵ķ
֮УҲûʲôΣԵޣһ·ϣʱ򣬶ûгֻģ˺СӦҲʮֵɡ
Ľʱ䣬ľ֮ţЩ죬׳ָСǵĹʽԼ޵ķ֮⣬Ҳûͣ
һ죬ȻɫĲԭϣȻıС꣬СӳսѾкܳһʱˣδŶԱǻСϢһ£ңս֮УţоͻƵļ
£Ȼһ£ڶ֮磬ǺѵõģѵĻᣬ˶˷ѡ
ףȴǴղԭȥ˱ͺСӷֿ
һʱȻܶݣʱ˫Щģ׶ԣˣҲԼ൱ļˣЩսľ飬Ǻܱģȴûв׾Ķ̵ǡ
źˣں׷ֱʱȴס֮еˮ˸Եӵֻ֮УȴǼûУȴһֶŮ顣
޽磬һݳ޵飬ңرǣ̸۸飬Ȼᱻ˵ʲôе޶ںƴʱ鰮ĻȻԼЩⲻȥ
Ȼⲻ˵޾޷̸ˣģźĳ׶ǣֻǶԴһڼСһ㣬ʦԴѧһ㡭
˺ӵֱ֮󣬱δˣĿȥֱǵıӰʧڲԭľͷ
ˮģûûˡ
£һһӡӡһ̾ͻˮȻӲݺܶ࣬ǳµС꣬ʹòԭغŢ
ǰ̤µĲʱ΢΢ˣѾʧˣȡ֮ģ˼
ںδһʱ֪ʱ䲻࣬û˼ڻ飬ʱȴǿʼ˼ˡ
˼ǽڸ֮ϣһָܣһʹó˻֮һָܣ
ָܣ׿ʼصĸⳡսⳡս֮УͷųĹ֮Լ̬ı仯Ѿ˼ڵ״̬
ָܣܿ죬ȫĳС
ɽ״̬ŵǣ˼ʱľԣͬʮֵĸߣ˵һܷãǸҪֳɼãֳܷɼã
ϾѾɾ˷ɽҲɾ˽飬£׵˼룬Ҳ鲼ɽ壬˼һֻΪ򣬾뷢ĵػ꽣һ
ҲԱһ˼룬ǵػ꽣ػնһ
ЩʵҲѾ㲻ʲô
˿̣˫ûκεĽ࣬ǱܵģӰ֮䴩УٶȻǺܿ죬ҲѾˡ
ڲԭϣû˺Сˣ׵ٶнʮ׾εղԭϵһ硢һ飬˼Ŀĵǰš
Ͷֻ֮У׼Ǳܵģһָ״̬
ҪһЩҪչҪһ徲Ļ״˿ȴǸߵţʱܵķһɽһֻ˲Ĩɱ
ʱ֣ܳһ޷Ĩɱɽ״̬׵ĸ֪ƶʮֵǿ˵һֱƿͷķȻڶ˲ɱڵһƿĵطһУҲͬĽɱ
ʮѲǿһޣۻʽһУҲԸ㶨ˡ
㶨ޣ޵ʯȡռָ֮еʱȴ̫֪
˼Ϊ̫רעһ׾ͺñһɱ¾ĻͺñһսĿܣʬ⣬ľĴڲԭϡ
Ĵڣ޶ԣǿֲģụ̂ǲǵıܻ̣֮䣬ͬŽᣬͬܽ
ˣײ֪ĸͬʱɱ¾ʱû⵽ޣԽԽˣ
ңˣһ£׵ıܻûг֣Ѿʼûܣ
ֹ̣ײǲ֪Ϊ˼ڸĳ֮УԺ֮ѾЩ뵽Щ޴Ѿ֪ԼĿֲܣĵȴΪֻһ£û̫⡣
һ̵Ҫ˼룬ֽ˷ĸ֮ˡ
һϣǲֵܳģȻһ˳˷֮еʱ򣬱ҲȻѴŵ˶ԣԱߵ˵£Ӱ죬ӦþһöʵξͶӰԺ֮еʱ֪ɲǼ䣬ֽԺȥˡ
˿ʲô飬ǼţǶԵΪ㲻ʲôǸΪҪ
״˿̣Ҳͬ״̬ԼıܣȴȻǿ󣬸÷ĻǻỺҲԿͬȴὫᵽνĵز
νķ¶Ե͡
˵һ˱ûķ֮Уһδεģ˵̬ʹ֮һЩΪԽߣʵԽǿˣԵԽĮ
޽磬ڶķĴڣ磬Ҳ켶ַЧҲӵǿ
ԣʱ׵ıܣķӶóһЩ˼ĽۣǾǣʵԽȼԽԣԽǲὫʵ΢˵С
һһֻϳΪһˣ˵Ŀ⿴һһţһƬҲϧ
ĥԣ
ԣ
ԼҪȥԼԸ
ţѡÿһԵǿߣϣҲԺͨһЦһģһ
νϣΣֻʧȥЩԣڲϵıĥ£ЩֲԵ˵ļȣ˵įɡ
ָܣݺݵĳ׵ģĳĻξ磬ҲŶҡ
ʱ׷ǿ
һζĸ򣬳ǿĳٰ֮У𽥵ûԵĻôǲЩۺڵǣ˽
Ȼڣ΢΢˼֪ǷһԵʣСķһ棬ֵĲǿǿķһǣȻ
ʱ򣬺Ȼһ£Ǿǣ޽磬Ҳ˶ǺõģһҲ˶ǻģ
ܣûЩǿˣЩˣܿ϶ģǵ̬ȣһһҪ֣һҪһ˶༸ֶӣ
ʱҲȻһ£ǾǣôɽúԣǾһҲ֣
ǵģɽǿ󣬶Һܱ̬ԽܵԵĥ𣬱Խף
һԵˣ޽磬ܱ˲Ҳˣܱ޽ֲǿʳķ򣬵ˣȥĻ
һ


424 
Ȼ䣬ԭܶ벻ͨĵطȴȫͨˣףȴһҲ˲
ʵϣ֪Խ࣬²ԽеĵǣϵΣԽ
뵽ֿܣҶɽĲ²⣬һֱûֹֻͣһεĲ²⣬ô϶²⣬Ϊӽʵ
һû˻ûѹֵˣһǿʳĲп磬ʲôû֪ǽȻһúܺá
³һڳƵȻĺ˼ڣŬıĵ򶨡
һ̣ѾĹ֮˹ˣΪˣҲԵøӵǡ
վĸߣԶ֪ĸı䣬ȴԼ֪ȵ֪ˣһѾյĽ
֮Укܶ飬ġ
ֻǣΣױѧȥӦȻĳɳȥȻȱҪǿ󼸷֣żƣǴķȴͬġ
ɫְԭϵҹԵøţһƬڡ
ΪԭأۼޣһҹڵǿߵҲܵӰ졣
ҲͬģԪĸӦҲͬˣܵӰ켫һҹսǣʵǼΪյġ
ˣÿҹĻٵʱҪôȺӵһȻһ񣬰շ飬ҪôæĸϻС
ǵ޵ĻѰһĵƱȽϺõɽ꣬ǰҶãһЩ򵥵ȴЧķ塣
ںҹﴩУҲѾֹһ죬ȻҲǲЩģǴ˿̣Ϊͨ͸˺ܶ⣬׷Щۡ
ۣ˫صĽϣ׿ûо
˵ô뿪޽⣬޽״Ѿ˺ˣЩޣɱܻ֮Ӻڰ򸴻һһأֻ֣ƺԶɱ꣬һѾ˹ˣ
µǣ𽥵ˣ޽ͶӰ޵Ǻڰܽ޵ıͶӰСȸλռһʹ޽һƬط޵һ
ңԶԶֹЩ뿪ʱ䲢ȴʮֵ˼ˣ˼Ѿ㹻ӵÿһ䡣
һʱ򣬻֪ûʲô˷ܡ飬ȻƯȻȴԵúƽǵ뿪һʱʧУȴ˵ԣ
бӲλҲ֪ôˣĹأߣ֪ûг£ɽ֪ǲѾ÷ǳɱʮֱ̬ˣнǸ磬ԼĸĸԼĴƺͶôˡ
׷߰㣬ȴ׵ĵһ̣׶Լ˼룬ʵ̫ڻң̫ڴܸɣʱԾͻε״̬
˼̫ԾʱҲһĥ
ʱĺܻ󷨣ĺܻ
󷨵Ļô٣ܹһ£ڵǣڸʲô
ţ׺Ȼһʱ൱ʮȻԼɣȻѾٲܽھǿ󣬵ģʽԼİ磬ԼԳԽ㡭
׺ȻĶӳڻ֮εľ֮У״̬ԵɥʬԵǸ۵ʱ׷֣Լøӵˡ
ָоǺͿ˺ܾãȻ˲һָоʵǿңӶʹףѵȣ˼֮顣
ײֻ֪֮Уİ壬ԵĵԲƣ̤ż
飬ȴǽͲҲԴֻᣬײ֪ѾһµĴ󲽡
֪ģԼĺôˡ
ˣ׵ͷų˼Ʒػ󷨣ѡ˸ɽλãȻʼ
յʮϵķʽ״ݶԼ޽ıԴҲʼܻ״̬
ʧܡ
Ȼʧܡ
̣һֱ˽£׶ûз
ײԸģıܸڼȥʱлɹģ
ңŲϵĳԣҲԽԽǿңԽԽʵ
֪һôֻҪԼ˼ȥоȻȽԭʵһԼϲϵĳʵôٶȣǰδеĿ죡
ʼţΪ޽ĴڣΪĴڣôԽľ磬ҲһĴڣȻȥЩԭЩϤĶǴģ֪ԼŶߣûдаıߣԲԵûĵ˼顣
ţЩ磬Ǵڣһڵģ
ôı䣬ôƣĹʼû̫ģ
ԽĹĳɾͣ;˽Ľ򣬾;֮Ÿεܡ
зţһзִߣִߣţһзƿߣ
ƿߣţһзĴߣ
ЩǺȻģң취ģһվ۷ô
˭Ҳ֪Ҳ֪ΪһУֻǲ²⣬ֻǸ׵ı뵱ȻĲ²⣡
һӿռ䷽桢ʱ䷽棬淽棬ϣ
֮УҲ𽥵ĸܵ˷ģָ㲻Ǹ򣬶ӦǴ
ΪֽӴϵĳ̶ϣ׽׵ʮ飬̺ģǿķġԴ
ЩµģѶģҲǲģµģģߣ׵ʹЩܽЩƿأȻģ
ײҪȫֻ֪һ㣬˽һ㣬һѣһ㣬ɽһǶ㲻ϣǾ㣡
ǿôʧһĲӦ
ڣںͷĽӴʱ׶𽥵һ״̬״̬֮ٿʼ㣬Чһһĳ˳
ʼһжģҲǿˣֵǸ磬ƽͨӦþִᡣ
֮һЩƬΣԼ֪ϵķӡûбҲûн⿪
ңƽӹƽ˿ͬʱȴм˵ź
𽥵ĲĹ֮Уʱŵĺܿ죬תۼ䣬ʱȥˡ
׵㣬Ѿ𽥵ϷʽȻӣ֮󣬱Ҳʮֵļˡ
˵˲ʱ֮ڣչ㣬ûκġ
һ賿ѡʱ˺ͣȻʼ㡣
ʼײĵʼˡ
ɫĹâȻףȻ׵΢΢һ𣬱ԵЩ޻ˡ
һε㣬ƺȽϵأΪǰȣһȻǿȴ˲١
˲䣬Ѿף鷳ҲڻǾķӡ
ɫĻ֮УֵģʵĳЩã˵Ӧһ˵ξ
𡫡
ɫķ˫ĿͭһԲĽɫ룬˸ŵɫ绡ǣɭ׵ݣǹȵϢϢ
ٶȺܿ죬ԼѾܶˡ
ˣ
ܸоŭˣңܸо֪Σܸоκε˼룡
뷨֮У֪˺֪ܶ࣬ÿһԲ֮ҹÿһյһΣ
ڿ㲵ԣȫһجΣһɫķ׷ȻŰɱĿֲجΣ
ÿһΣε󣬶ǳʮ׵Ľɫ³ƻСĽɫģһٺؿڣȻǰһڣ籬ըһܵȥ
֮ŻᾪʧĴϾɵľȫ紥һ飬˫ȴһֱֱܾͣòŻٴε˯ȥ
׾ЩʵʲôΪǷӡڵڻĽһͶӰһ
ԭΪǻһ֪룬һΣ׺Ȼ㶣ΪĸоеҪˣƺܹˡ
֪ԼΣУʶѣףȴЩڴЩΣΪƽȥֻƽӹһӡ
һѵĻͽһ·ˡ


425 ѡʹ1
ԼΣӦ޵еģ
ʵ뷨Ϊʱûж뷨롣
Ȼת˫Ŀһĺ⣬ûԼ᲻ɫĶ֣ǽɫ֮ʱһѽץסˡ
ɫĴżȵĹâģݵһ˿С
ôģ֪ôȥġ
һ鴤Ĵʹȫȼһܣˣȴ޷
þã˫ƺûкʶϵϾɵ߷Ķˡ
棬鳤ε͸ߣɫĹߴխƵķһɵĹ¶ȡ

˿ǷϵĿЩͣ飬Ҳƽ
УǰʮεξһǣΣԵģһܵĵȵͱըʹࡣ
̲һȴһġ
˼ӡš꼪顯Ͼɵĺɫһɫĺܳ¾ɵƤӣĬĬ߳ƾɵȻϾɵľš
֨¡
ſˣһµĿЩ谵ĹߣȻͫ׸ойɴ۵ĸо
ߵһǽڣ˫ĿǽϵһЩ͹͵ǽڣһʱĬԡ
룬Աȡһɫ£ϽǶʱǷ
һһһɱǽϣ
֡
һ죬ɫʱѿһ顣
ɱȥʱǵĻɫҳɢڿУһǺ˵ıӣֱǺðǡ
ܿ죬͹һ飬ɱˣǣǽϵһ¶ֹòĴʯʯ壬һ¡
ɵɵУģݺݳ鶯¡
ɫʯʯ壬ʱ򣬺үүһȥϵļУɽһķطĹ߼񵽵ģ֮Ϊ滭һֻɫģķ
ʱүүʵʱүү
Ȼ֮ļ£һϷʱĴ£˵ǽڵĸ㣬μ
ǣʱүү๤ݷӵʱ͵͵Ľ⻭Ĵʯеǽ֮С
֮һֱ쳣ֱյһٵʱһϢΣ׵ĸӰ
Ϊ־壬ʹʮ꣬Ҳȥǽڣֻµ⵽ıһֱҡ
꣬ʮգҹıΣҲһʯϵۡ
ֻǣ˿̼ʯ壬ģ̲סһ¡
Сɽ壬СĿȾȻûһĽЩֵĹ£ȫˡ
˫ֲһºݺɱСʯϡ
ꡪ
һ죬ʯͷϱųһɵɫĻǣȻ˲ѡ
о˲٣ʱﴫͳɳƵĿ
һһɫĴֲӡɫĵ㡢Ŵһ˫ưӵĽЬ˹εͷһƺɫĳӵȣ˲ƵĴſڡ
С˸ӣӣˣ
ͷϵƶ˹֣ŹӣҪݺĵС˵ԽԽˣ
ֻ㣬һֶʱ˶ĲȣۿҪˤڵˡ
ﲻζæ£ܹȥ
ãûпĲن
ȥιȻȥȥѺӱߵĴˣˡ
ԸһȻ󳤳ĿţҲҪ֣ΡΡ˺̡

ʱѾ7㣬Ҳ֪Ϊʲôľܺãƺһ㶼֪ƣ͡
ںﳩһȻţǣ˻ڵߵָţ˵ԣȻſؼҡ
·µʱȻ˴ƺںʲôԶԶȥæǸŻӵĸڴѾĺ
үүˣ
ߣֻһΧɽ졣
һкݺһգƺһȻˡ
үү
˻һƺȻޱȿ񱩵
ڡ
ºݺһ׸ߣԶľ룬ͬѸݵ籪һ㣬˫ƺеԼļȥ

ˡ
һֱҹ˾Ƕ𽥵뿪ˣԸʵ
˾ˣҲܻˡ
ܺڣ֪ǲԼһΣɱ˽ȻӦˡ
үүǰܣҲܾ
ũĺ統ңȻѾúܶ࣬һΣȻ
ڵĴݺϵ飬Ȼյ˼ȴǿʼͷֵƵˮţĻ⡣
ӽҴ壬żֻˣһֱܵ˼ҵİдѹġ
һСӣҲһСӰƶֻҲйĶǺͶթ
үүϵްɣҲǶˣԺ־ȥСળӣˮţص飬ϵޣĶˣСʲôġ
ͬϲͷӻ׵Ǭϵ˵
֪ٴҲֻ˴ѹĽˮţҲ϶տסҪȥˡ
֪ǬϵΪãֻǣүүʬδԼأǴТ
ѹүүý罻ˣҲ˼˵ˣȥɾͣҲͲûˡ
ڵĴҲ˫ͨ죬Ѫ˿
ǬϵллˣһŬѧϰһżߣ
ҧ촽ǷѪ˿һƬ
żҽǵĸ˭ûκ֪
Ҳûиĸĸ˭һֱû˵
ҹ˾ĹâϵţɫĻǲʱը£ʹû濪ʼҡҷ
үүʬԱߣǺɫŰٻƵ£ǬϵԼ׼ŵģݵУǿںʵĺľײģҲǬϵ͸ڵ޵ġ
Źľţʬôƽڵϣ˫Ŀĺš
Ȼ֣һ˿΢ӰȻôվԱߡ
ʱԼүүӰʵǱȴͦıֱһĸͷʹ΢΢һ˿⡣
˻
кȻһɵľ⣬֪ΪΣоЩġ
Կ϶ԼûпۣھԵ˱֮Уɾ⣬ȴǱĸ嵭˲١
˾ʲôԼүүСʱǵҲ˲٣ʲô£
ҸţҲ𽥵İ
ȻЩȻĲȴŬסԼӰүү
ӰģĻعͷ˫ۿնһ˿ı䣬Ȼ𽥵ƿĿ⣬ɢڿС
Ӱɢһ̣ӰһεĻͷЦЦ
΢΢һȴ£Ŀ⿴Ӱʧֿ˿Լ𽥻ָƽĻ棬
ʱֵҹʱ湷죬Ĺġķҹķ磬ءĵͳĴľҡҶOO@@
Լģƺ˵
յģţ˵ˣҹϲľ죬Ȼˡ
㣬ôҪĶģ٣вʱտӵģҪǲð졣
ƣվôңҷӴﹷյġ
סʲô
Сֵĸôƣ㡪

ɫʮˣǴǱգֵܻŸϴĶӶѾϱӣǰӶʮϡ
ģֵ֮ġ
Ȼ͵ţȥţӵġ
֪ôԶԼΪʲôǺȻˣǼģļˣ
ũ壬ЩǰŰɣΪȻѧ˿ѧСۼЩƵණθۼԼүүĻ뿪Դ˿̷Ųɡ
ƺŵˣþöû
ǲţغţҹĳȥ˿
ֵͲſ˿ҲˣţҲûж
ҹ¹⣬Բرǹɳص֮ѹЩϢС
ԶԶĿȥҹµĴׯΧɽǳŵһ㣬⡣
ҹĳʮֺ󣬽иͣĹУȻķ
žҹΪЩԵ֣Եøӵ
Ǿʮֺãû˯⣬ֻǾԼ˷ħ˿ûʲôܴľ⣬ȦŻȥ
ڶ𴲣۷׷ף˵ʲôμ˵ҵجˣڴϼУʱ䶼ڰҹ㡣
ЩۣЩɻ˵ģΣǳ͵ţŵȻװģ
ûж룬һ£ƺǿ˲١

ȫĴ֮˱˳£𺳣ܴ󣬺ܴ
µĲݣȫĺ׵һʱ뵽һˣһˣֻˣ߽Լķӡ
ʲôģ׿ⶼ̸ʲô죬ʲô֣Ҳֻ֮ͨƲ⣬֪ٳһеģӦʹ
ǵģֻʹܿͼڣѡ
㣬ȫȡ֮˼ά˵ƴʱգӶĽǶȣȫʶ˼ľ
ģʼǱⲻˣֻǣʹǣȻѾﵽں״̬Ϊβϵȵλأ
׺ɻ뵽
漴һӰռ˷չ飬ǾǣԵƿʹǸǿߣ㣡


426 ѡʹ2
㣬һ侳ĸо괩ԽʱһһУԭľ֪Ǹоȫһģ
˵ʱĹ̾ȫͶַΧУ֪
֮ǰ㣬ںĹ֮Уױȫĳٽ˼ʶ֮У˿̣𽥵˼Ĺ֮Уʼ㡣
㣬ȴ𽥵֮ģҲΪġ
ΪϵĸܺͰգʹ׺֪ʹΪʲôҪ
𽥵ĽַΧ֮֮׶ʱоԼ˼뿪ʼǿҵĲֲǿʱռ䣡
ꡪ
ƺ˲䣬ˣʧˣеһУʧˣȻһƽ

ǺƵĴ󺣣ư磬أ
վڴϿգʶȻôһ룬ȻȻ˹
ô£꺣Ͽշˣǡ
м꣬׷
꺣ϣһĺ죬һƲٵĽƣһɫѪɫںХ
龰мꡣ
ǣʹ޷÷򣬼ʹ޷ð壬ǿʥ걾ȫż״̬ҲȻ塣
һɽ⣬ֱŶ꺣ϼȥһ˲䣬׶ʱѾ˺ռ䡣
ǣΪǸǿµĿ飬ôף׾Ͳһ˵Σˡ
Ĳĸоûг֣һ㣬ף٣ȥǣǿǰԼ޷ȫȥš
ֻĬĬƴĬĬŶ꺣Ķȥ
յʱȻһ٣жȻһһȫĴ͸顣
ʱĳֹ֪ܿܣ˲䱻ɱ
ˮһεεĴӶͷϵ䣬ŵĺˮ֮С
⾪ľ֮УһɫѪɫӣһֻʱӺˮ֮г˳
͡
Ǻˮռ䣬ʱһŤΣӲûѡ
ûεѪ֮ǿ󣬶⺣ռĿռݣʵ̫ǿ
׵һӰٵ˿һ˲䣬˶Ȼ仯һѪɫĲӰȻɫıϳ
Ľţܲѵ㣡
һѪ΢΢죬һĨ˷ܶȵĹʣʱкȻѪ۳һѪ
ͬһʱ䣬ֻӰһ٣ʱһΪģҲǣ˲䣬жȻĸˡ
˲䱻˰Χһɷĸо𣬻ַƵѪĸоʱ׸оԼʵҪˡ
𡪡
һϵѹڼ˲٣ͬʱӰȻûһΪģ˵ٶȣȴ˼¡
ʱ򣬶꺣ϵԼȴǺȻʧˡ
ͬʱ׸оԷƺҪԼƴˡ
ʥ壡׿һͬ״̬ȻĿ
һǿߣûκεѡ
˹°Ѫִź֮֮ǰԻӣȫĲͬǣƺȫӣƺֶ˲η塣
ָоҲ벻ôˡ
ʱˣѾȫĳֳǿ״̬
ͬʱǸѪɫӰռ˶ĸλ֮󣬾Ȼȫûܣһ˲ϳ˿ֲɱ
꺣ϵף˲ȫۼһɱ֮֮ǿʵײˡ
ǿ̫ǿˣ
ײ֪ΪʲôĽ򣬻˵ǿĴڣǰʥʥֻ¶ûʲôܳΪĶְɣ
ʱȫûѡڣûзʵ
ǣҲʥ״̬Կ񻯺ʥʵֱӻΪǿʥ幥
ȫ귽ĹǶǿҲ״̬ĶԿ
ң״̬ԣﵽȫ״̬Ҳ֪ԼҲﵽ״̬۷״̬
Ϊʥ壬ף˲͸ĵѪɫӰ壬Ƕȫпˡ
ҲǣȫûйĶԷ档
ԷĵѪɫӰʧپۼʱȴǴһɿֲѪɫ׵֮γķһѵѹԵ׳
ͬǼԵ
һߣ˲Ŀ˾״̬󷨣ӡȻ󷨽塣
˲Ӵ֮籩ٴεĻʥ壬ŶԷĵ˹ȥ
ʱҲȫˣԷǿɲǲӰʵʵڵķÿ꣡
ǱһԷ£
Ѿ˵ǿˣЩˡ
һ鶼ȥĶȥˣΪԼķĹ
ס
ȻһκȻʥԷϵʱ򣬶Է΢΢һ٣ʱһ˿졣
о˶ԷȻ˷ˡ
ּ䣬꺣ĩٵˡ
ؼһƬţͬԭ貵ɫûˣ꺣ȫһƬһĺڰ
һɼԷ˶ôǿİ
ְ壬ڶеķͰ
׿Ц󷨷ֽ⣬ͬҲʮֲֿĹģȻըûг֣͸Էİ巨ˡ
꾫״̬ĵ£Ѿ˽ɡ
ԷҲԽԽǿԼȴԽԽһսôս
׻˼ʱ򣬱Ȼ俴Ǿۺеһһ׳Ϻɫ׵磬һͬ
ʱƺԷȲǿ󣬺Ȼٴεĳ֣ߵɫĲںһ塣

һȵһޱǿѪָо׾ǺȻٴεļ˵Ѫһĸоʵ̫ˣ
꣡ǿˣҪޱǿ𳬼ʥںϺ壬ӣ
ʱҲɵȻ䣬׵֮ǰ˿Լ
ɲô屾жôǿʵҲףǻԪ۵˵Ƭ̺ѪȥֻǶûоε֪Ѷˡ
ϾҪ뿪ֱǳ˵һ㡣
һ֪ӿʼ˵˵ʼҲϵŪԼĺǷŭ
ǷŭΣΪ˶ѾߵһԷƵʵ̫ݣˣƴˡ
ȻѾ׵ǿʵˣǻһ㣬Ǿǣ׵ںʮӡǣʵܸһ׺£һĻʮ鳹׵ʧȥɵΪ޷ȡ
һײɽܵģû
ɣǾˣǳΪĻֻ꣬ǧΣֳޣҲǻסġ
ͬҲʹѪ޹һӣףסˣ
̵뷨ʱûзΪ֪һϺɫĺںϵĽ£ԼֻҪҷˡ
䣡
һоȫѪɫĻ
һ˲伸ȫıˣҲܵ˻ԵĴʮ飬ʮ飬ӵеôǿᣡ
˲䣬ٴεĻָ˻
κ˶Ϊ׻ɵľ֮£׺Ȼ䶯ˣ
̫
ŭˣɱһؼʱһֲɫĺ蹵
𡪡
ȫѪڣ˼ȫĽȫȡ˳һ̲׼ɲǣˡ
˵ǸѪɫӣûϵ׻һ̷
ΪѾ־ܡѾڵȴĽˡ
ǣʱЯȫеһ˲佫֮ǰйעںʥ壬ٴεĳˡ
һΣ˵ΪķŭһѾľˡ
ʥ壬ר꣬ͻأ״̬£ѪɫӣȻˡ
䣡һȫ𣬼һ˲䣬ѪɫӺȻסˡ
ǵģ״ֻ̬ҪһƬ̵ͣ٣ױǧεĹᡣ
ȫʥһʥľͷȫ״̬һεȫһ֮ǿֹ֮ǰδУ
ݣ
ķˣ׵ʥ壬Ĵ͸Ѫɫӵ塣
ꡪ
ѪɫӵӰӰȻҡһ£Ȼˡ
ĵѪɫӰںϳΪһǲҲȻС˺ܶࡣ
һѪɫս׵ӣȻվıϣףЦݡ
Цݣ׵ķŭ˲䣬ȫʧΡ
ǿһıɢ޵ĸоô͹죬Ҳô׾ò졣
ǵģЦݣȷʵеģе׸оһйͬʵλãΪʥĸо˵
ܺãףȻǱЦ˵ȻսˣֶΣǺֵ͡
Ѫɫս׵˵ܵ壬ȴһɱԵĸ߰
֪Է˵ûд飬ȷʵԼΪǿһ޷Էķֺ˵Ψһһʤĵطʥȫʱ׸о˶Էôһ¡
ôһµƬ̣ʱȻһ룬̣ȴǿһϣԷʧܡ
ʵϣҲ֪֮ǰһУԼʵӦþʧˣΪԷܳ˲ȫĻԼǣΪĻԼû˲޸ͻǵˣζԼʧܡ
ǿЦЦٶȣȻ޼ǻ֮սʵ̫ˡ
ңսҲ̫ܵˡ
򣬹ȻǽΪĿռ֮Уƺÿһֵޣǿı̬
׺ȻˣһȺĳǿߣΪǲԸʥ˽ʥȿռһֹԼ
ţȫˣҲܲһֿռ䣬Ϊռݣ̫ǿˡ
ипǧȻϿҵĵлǰ顣
˵ȻѾôǿҵԹޣǻЩģҲףʵʹ⣬ҲģԷܲɱԼѾѵˡ
ҲĪҪȻ棬ʵȽǿ󣬵ǰԼ·ȥֻǵȻѹǧֻصԩħ˵ʱ㽫ûκζԿʵ
Ϊ˱鷳ʹĿ飬ⲻݣҪҲܼ򵥣ֱӴܣǵõʹϿɾУ
УΪȽ㣬ҿԸ㣬ĽһֺǿİԽˣкܴռ䡣
ʵֻҪһǱޣκιޱȵǿκε·һܿ·
˺ܺƵ˵
һѪ˿־ˣȻҲôϤĵĺԼ˵
ұ˵еԹޣҲһ˿Σȷʵû㹻ʵԩħ֮ǸӵΣգ
֮ǰǿҲ˵ˣĿ鶼޷ͨδΣգôأ
ϸ˵ԷǽԼǰΪûдɱ⣬֮ǰԼҲûиܵΣգ
Լȥޣ̫飬ôˡ
׵Ͽҵ˵лǰ̵Ϊ䡣
ţҲĪҪ̫ڴ⣬ֻǿɱĻôˣҲֲκˣսս֮սս֮Уûпһ˵
֮ǰҲҿ֣̺ɵĳɵǿ͵ĳߵģܳԼ
֮Ĵʹ̺𽥵ǿ£㲻ģܻܿȥ
ԣԼΪ֮
⣬Ȼвұҵ֡ʹѪ
Ѫ˵仰˶ȻѪޣڲһӰ磬֮Уʧ
ѹʧˣ꺣ٴεƽȻʱľˣֻ֮Уԭ˸˿ȴѾûˡ
ѵõģؼһƬľףս֮УײûдսףΪսױ
£ϵһƷսףѾˡ
׿ЦããأŽƽĺˮҲֻ
ǿʹѪԸԼֻĳɵֹûʹ÷壬˵Լ
Ļ֪ս迪ʼѾˡ
ǿ֮ϣǿߣǿߵ·ϣȷʵԶûյ㡣
ûǿֻиǿԭԼһֱʲôǣ
ɥҲǷϣ׸̾һʵεĴνǿǰǿ󣬴ӼʼԭΪﵽʥ磬ϵ£ѾΨҶģǣֱڣײ֪ԭԼǺСġ
ǿߣܶ඼мڳְˡ
Ҳԣһڸֻسһǿߣһֻһǧ꣬ôǧڸֻأҲܳǧĳ޵ǿߡ
ںޱߵ棬֮ϵλϣǿߣж٣
һλ棬ǧ棬һ֮Ужλ֮⣬кܶǿλ棡

ռȻǿҵĲ׺ȻоЩԾһУ߽һȥ˲һܶĸпϤУָоܹ죬ĺܹ졣
ֻǣͬλһȻ˿Ȼ֮Уһ޴һ˵ű˽ȥ
ȻУϵתϵķ仯ףҲԨһƺ𽥵ıССٱС
̣ã¶
ֱȻ䣬ȫ͵һȻ˼˲ݺݵѪײźȻ֮˳
ʱף˵һʲôоֻǻصǿĲλһָо֮һֲ͸˵ĸо
һ͵ʹѪĳûκεĲͬڣʱȫĳ˳
ǣ֮УһʹѪΪʲô
Ԥʾʲô
ٴСĵһΣȴûκεЧɵĳ̶ȸӵأ
ǣȴԼĿ̽һ˿
ǾǣʹǸǿ޷磬Ӧڲλ棬Ե磿ǣڲλ棬ɾΪ
޷֪Ǹʹ˼Ȼһǣʲô޵еĹ
˵ʲôײΪԼ磬޽磬һʹǿĻôǵԼΪ۷磬Ҳ޷κ޷磬ǺȻģ
ΪǱԼĶ̣࣬Զ
ǣ˿̵Լһܳһ
ǣĴǿķˣߣǸӵǿ
ʱҲ뵽˶꺣龰꺣ǿȻǴλʥ˽λ棬һλռ䣬ȴڲλ棡
һԼЩȴû˵ʲô
⺢һȴ·ȻƽӹʹҲ˷⺢һʰɣ
ĲһǵѪ
Ҫʼˣһε㣬͸˺ܶණһõĻᣡ
Ȼ»ա
󷨿ռȻȴź֮ܶĿ
ߣƺһƮ


427 1
֮ǰĹ̫˿֮УƺȫĿ̽һ㣬һ˵ľĸо
ĸоڲõ󷨿ռ֮Уܿ붨
𽥵Ľҵ״̬׵ԪͬɽһڰıԵǻ
ʱ䣬ıչصʱǹĺܿ죬һۣʱѾȥףȴȻ֮У޷԰Ρ
ָоһ˲һ׸֪ʱŵٶ֮죬˵ֻһɲǵʱ䣬ֹȥ˰ꡣ
㣬ҵ֮ǰڲλĹ켣Ȼ켣һƬķ򣬸˵ǿľ磡
ʵ׶ԣȷʵСڣľ׵ľ磬ֱӵĴﵽڴԲľ磬Ҫͻƽڵľˣ
־ٶȣȷʵЩȻҲ̹ܺȻĽܣĳЩ棬ҲЩźΪϾλЩҲǲ׺һڶѡ
ȷʵܽ£֪λĹ򲢲ȫ棬Ǵ˴ε̫ʵ˵һĻķҲ͸
ĸһԵˣܸ򣬻˵ʮı̬͸ֱֵ˸򣬴Ӷﵽ
·ȴ֮У˳
ֻǣǰǺ嫵ķֻǴпһСѣСʱᱻΧĺХ
Ƿ


΢΢һȻվĺһ
ϣĳҶʱɢޱߵ촷ӣѸٵʧ
ԭһѾյף˿ٴεٹ
˫ۣʵһķɽĿ⣬м˸ɫĹΣ˸оɿܵϡ
˼ΣȻ𽥵ķҲõ˼滺еȴ𽥵ʧ
˿̣׸һȫͨˣκε⣡
⣬ҲҪģô飬׶Ҳ˼ľ̬ϣҲȫĳ
巨򣬹ȻǷзʽ򷽷˵˷˼ĵ̣ʵţ뵱Ҳ֪ô͸ǰĵزڣԼˡԼԽԽˡ
ҡͷЦһ漴ָֻ
棬ղλʹãҲǿеİɣֻҪѰ˷ܳɣǾͺˡţɿʼ
Ḷ́µһѺʹս̣˺ܶȫĶ
ֻǣʹõʱײ֪ʵĲпԺԣ
޽磬ͬϽʵķеһ϶һ׷÷ǲУȴҪͷŷ֮Ҫķ򲻲ң
˵һֻľͰʮľͷɣҪеһľͷǲУȵñ֤ڳľͷֻ֮ľͰ
ʵǲģз֮Уԥλ淨ȫʹóķ϶ɣȻ޴󣬾һ
޽磬ֻжзգܷԼҪķȻϣ
ֻϤķ򣬹δ巨֮гѾһ׵飡
ڲλ棬ȴǸù谭޽磬ʮֵϽܳ뷨ʵǾԵǿˡ
Щĵ˳˶ڷİգʵԷİգһͿ˵뷨ˣǴӺ嫵ķ֮ѰЩķ׶оǳѣ
򣬱ϾǺ嫵ģȻ󷨷ǻҲ巨򣬵巨֮⣬϶ڶķģ֮⣬𡢻ʱ䡢ռ䡢λȷ򣬶һǿķ

Žµǿ׷üͷ΢΢
ײǲᣬڣﵽ˵ؽĵػǬ֮磬ͻƽؽռľ磡
Ѿ㹻ǿˣ
ǣּ򵥵ȴʹ
˵òΪʹױʹûЧ
ȴҲΪ壬ȲϵյʱЩǿȲԼõ֮е
ţų֮ȴЩ⣡
ϣǲǿĹЧʹü֮ǰľ磬޷У
ǣоҲһ㰡ѵ߽ϵԣ
˼漴׳ͷŶԷǿһ󷨶ļǿ
ʼʱײ䷨ܵѹ֮ʮֵԣһΣȻȻӴѹʹ׺ݺݵһ£ͷͬ鳺ݺݵûһһ
˻
ͷ͵һڣûŪνĳǵȻǿһٶʮ˱ʱںϵѹȴȻ˲֪ٱʹױʵ˵ı̬ǿҲȻܵ˼˺
ǿ̬״˿̵ǶѹѹƣѪ˿
˱仯ʹľһ£ⲻǶԵУǶڲռ޽Ŀռ̽Եķ̣
׸Ͻһٶʮ˱Ȼ𽥵Ӧ˹Ӷɡ
׾͵£޸˺ٴεվ
һٶʮ˱Ӧ㲻ʲôϾ磬ֻǣΪʲôﵽֵѹȻǱʮһ
ںϣ
᲻һģʽܵѹС
ʵһ£ܵѹԽСȻʵҲǿˣпܣ
кһ漴뵽һ㣬֪֮⣬Ƕԡط񣬷ƿռȴҲ֮
׼ǸԵһ̼ӳʮ
һ̣ǿѹȻ併٣һģѪ⾹Ȼ˲ը˫ȵĹɲǶȻѣ
ꡪ
˫ȶѣȻ˵ϣȫٸɲǼλ
ǣԤһɲǱֶڴطƿأ漴һָƬ̣ٻ壬ٴεĻָ
ϾǷɽֻ֮ҪԪ۶صˣ׶ܺܿĻָ
ҵ뷨ǶԵģֻ֮ǰûעѣط棬ԼĿǰҲܴﵽ1024ǿȣȥԣȴЩԥ
Ͼֻ256޽籾ֱ̬ںϣǿɱ
ֻҪպ״̬һܲס̳ǣ׸Լ漴ΪһΣѡɽ
1024
һԼԷƵǿ
һ̣ԭѾ׼ʱףȴǶȻסˣ
ѹʮӴ󣬶еѹһ̣ȫʧˣ
ȫû˿ƮƮģƺһͷǧһ
ЩɵۣǴɽ״̬׻Ȼﵽͳٽ㣬ãȻˣ
дϲֻ漴ٴεüͷά1024Ĵط׸оڵĵĺܿ죬ƺһʱᱻ׵ϣ
֪Լıָ̬ɴ˿ɼģͺĲ
ںĵ£ַϣҪ󷨣ЧҲһֻǸأײٴε˼
Ժ֮У뵽˺ͷѪս
ʵֻҪһǱޣκιޱȵǿκε·һܿ·
ǰ֪֮ǰ㣬ʲô˼ˣֻǣ벻ڲλǵȵطǾȻʵ׸̾


428 2
ѹķҵˣҪãⷽʱȴûҵ
ײɸ˼Ժ֮Уٶȣʮֵľˡ
ÿ֮£ǿͬ1024ķ򣬶ԸȴĵֿǽĻַļӳʱɣ
ַ׼֮óģͬģҲֻ֪ڲϵ֮У𽥵ļӳֳԵʱ䣬Ϊķ
1024򵱳һּӳֵ״̬Ļ״˿̵ʵҲάֽʮӶѣʮӣȴڲ׹£
Ҳ˵ֻҪÿʮȻϢһӣô״̬һֱڣ
ֻǣؼڣӳٵһӣû״̬һӣô죿
ҪֳԵļѹ̵Ļôû״̬һӣ˲ı仯ͬʱΪһ㣡
ϸ˼ֲɵ뵽˷Ѫս漴Ȼ
ִ̫ˣ10ӵ޸ʱ䣬һָ״̬ʱŲһӣѾܲˣֻҪҶԷĸ𽥼ʱ䣬ԽԽָ״̬ʱ䣬ҲԽԽ̣һҪʲô
ߣһӵ״̬ȻкܶĲӦһ뽣ĻҪ֤Լİȫǲѵģ
ϸ룬ʱȫķ
ַĳ˼256ء512ãҲ𽥵⵱ȻΪһֶֹˡ
1024صȴܻΪһ״̬Ҳӳ״̬򣬳ʱ䣬պ10ӣʮ֮󣬽һӵĻʱ䡣
Ȼⲻ˵ױ㲻ֶܼʮ⿪ʼʮڣǶģҲûзɣ
һʱ䣬ǳӳֵָãһĵʱЧ˺֮ǿ󣬼ֱǷ˼
ֺķһʱ䣬׳׵Ľգ˿
ԭǴȥ˹ܽõģһ£֪˴˿̶ĺܺõʱױļƻ
漴һԼˣ˼ĺܺã˼ҲлȻߵһȻӻûгΪ£֮䣬ʮֵܡ
ţһľǧ÷˿ˣͬģ⼸лѰŷϣչ£ͬĹúܺá
ŷϣлѰѾɽ˳ȻɽΪ׵޽磬ٴεʧһγʧ˲֮⣬ûκ˵õʲôô
ĪۡĪ۳𽥵ĹټΪĴĴ½ϱ۵սҲϣһ㡣
£һҲȶĪԣһжӦȶ
ĹһȻڵȴ׹һ㣬ͨ˵Ӧ֪ײûǷĵİ¡
ףҲ˳һɽѪӡߣܿϧһ
㣬ǳ׵ķԭΪĵĺҲΪʹĲ֣˾ѣȴΪʹο
û̫ѹһɣңΪ˲ٶ˲٣׸һǿ֮š
󷨣˲ԼӳȻһ̣̤һ֮УƷ鱦Ʒ鱦ɽ񷡯֮ϡ
ԼǷɽƷ鱦ϣƷ鱦ɽͲѡ
˵ɽֻɸóѣҪĻָȣⶼܻɷɽ
׽̤˸ɫ鱦εĲɽһɫĳ֮Ʈţûѹȣ׸оԼ꣬õһǿһ㣡
ܣΪܶûܴԭܾۼ˲ٵޣ
δޡѪɫɥꡢѪɫѻȵȣһȺȺģĿò𺳣
һֵʱЩޣ׷׵ķ˱ܵĹ
ֻǣףԸЩޣֱѾѴ֮ˡ
ΪУһ¸ֻʹһռ䷶Χ256ȻɲǼ䣬ȺޣȻݺݵĴӿзȥЩѻǺݺݵĵڵϣ˲䱻ǿѹѹ
뵱ʵѹȵĲ屬ѣοЩʵѻ
ء
һʱ䣬ѾЩӲĲԭϣ͵ı˳Ƶ֮漴޲ĽԶ
׼һЧ󣬱ҲˣϾŪģֻһЩɵĺܸߵѻѣʣѪɫɥꡢѪɫδ޵ȵȣȴֻǱѹȵˣжȶܵ˺ܴӶѣ
ԸûԪ޷Ե깥ޣײŷֶ֣Σʵ̫ˣ
ʱ򣬾ɵҲֶ֪ΣǿķΧֶεػ꽣󣬼ֱһֽɱ
޵ж޲ܣ뿪ĳһηΧȻͷηΧȺ幥ֱ֮ʮֱ̬ģ
кڴиһɿȵĹâ
ػ꽣󡪡
ǡ
¡¡
ռ俪ʼһ̣ľܻΪǿޱȵķɽЩɱ˹ȥ
ƽػ꽣ȻӴ󣬵һ޵ﵽʮֻϣЧήͣϾ޲ԴУǻڱܵܣ
ڣȻЩ޵ĿȻӴȴѾ޷ˡ
һûнԼɽܻķɽҲûоۼǾһΪѾȫûбҪˣ
Χڣнֻޣػ꽣󣬹ǿټ֮ǰ256صļӳ֣ǵػ꽣Ĺ㷶Χ֮УΪѹӴٶ̶ȣͬʱǿ
ݡ
͡
ֻƿռ䲻ϵ޲ļУʵ˲̶ţ
Ŀ֮£ѪˮɣѪɢľʯ˸ѪɫĹâմȾѪˮյ䡣
ֱֳһƬпɱԣȻҲЩ𺳣
һʱ䣬ʮʱ䣬ֻޣǱȫ¾һգ
ԭϣƺܾöûˣ˴˿̣ɺĲԭϣɢһɳƵѪ֮
д¶ȵѪȣſгƵķ۳ζʹռ䣬ֲʵϢ
ѾѪȾ͸Ŀݲݣ˸Ѫˮâʯ鱦ȣȴʮֵۡ
΢΢üȴȻס˶սҵĶģһɨ֮£ѾϵĽʮȡԴĿռ֮С
Դ飬һռ䴢淨΢죬ܻΪһö鱦ռָԴ䡣
ָȻãȴ޷Я棬ˣױܽأԼԼĺһЩѵȵȡ
뿪Ƭ֮׼ٵУһ·Ȼֻޣױ̬ٶȣһ֮˳ɱ
УѾ˲ԭˣԭģ³̶ȣ֮棬Ҫõĺܶࡣ
ףҲĺһڱеĳƵѪ֮
ԭĵشȻǸӵΣա
ѾЩѪɫ޳ˣѪɫޣ޽磬ȻǺĶղԭĵشȻҲϡ档
Ѫɫޣʮֵǿ󣬵ȻǺѪȲ
ѪɫޣֻѪ޵һ֣һѪɫĹ⣬һƤʵĹ⻬壬Ǵ͵ĳ̥һʮֵĹ⻬Ѫɫĺ⣬ȴǿǹ졣
ź幹ܣֻԴûëͺͺģͬѪɫģͬʮֵĹ⻬
ǵ۾ռ֮һһѵһĴѪɫ۾ʮֵĿֲɫĹâģʱһɹɫĵĵ绡
ǵ޳ָ޸ͬһļצӣɫָףһķɽ
ǵ˫ͬ޳ûκεĶ¡γ״ҲͻԳһľ״ǣǾǲһٶȼ죡
δ޺ѻѪɫɥѪɫȺѪɫޱǵٶϲ̨棡
Ժ֮пٵĸѪɫ޵ϣЩС֮вĵģȻЩҲǺС˸ġ
ױͨԴѶϢ֪Ĳ٣ʶģ׷жٶȡ
ͬʱʶʱȡӳ֣СĻָʵȻܻΪɽ״̬

ǰȻһƺ֮˲Ѿ׵ң
˲䣬Ժ֮вȻܻһ棬һżϤϢľŮӵĻ棡
ϤϢײǵһθоΪȶʱҲУָоֲ֮ͬǰָоΪϤֻһ˿ѣ
޷֪ǸƺһŮ˭ǺȻĵط۶Է˭ԼܹҪȵġ
׿һǰһߴ꣬˲ļӳȻգȻ仯һ⣬
˲䣬ױԽ꣬ǰǧĲԭ֮
˿̣һźɫսס͹µŮӣֻѪ޼սš
ŮէӰǾ֮ȴע⵽ŮӰ˸Ĺ֮Уϵ˺ۣ
һѪɫĻڼʮֵĴĿģƺǱһĺʵľ޵мһ֮
˰̣޷ָĳһ次ŮϣʵЩ졣
ɽ״̬ʲôû˵Ҳ̫ϡ档
׿ˣ̫עϾΪȻڵĶ⡣
ֻѪɫޣʹŮʱᱻʮΣգ
ײûʹΪһʹ򣬺ܻܿʹŮ˲屬ը
Լ˿̱̬ٶȣ׶Ȼ仯⣬ȥ


429 U1
һŮӣƽԭĵش沿˰̣ȻֻΪΪɱ¾ޣ
Ӧ˵ΪʵøӾĽ
׵ĿεȵϬֻ΢ɨһۣѾŮӵ־Ǽ˵ļ㣬ҲĪ
ˣһӣܻɾͲһŮӣҲһѵõĴ֮ţ
ϾˣܿɹģĪĴ
뵱ݣԼŷǳ˵ļɰԽôҲûнյһеĳɾͣ
Ůӣ뵽ģԼһͬĸоȻ
ŮӴ˿ѾΣգԭѾ׼֣ʱȴٴμٷ˹ȥ
ʱ򣬿Σ֮ľȴŮӵǿķӦ֮£ȻֻܿѪɫ޵Ĺ
ֻѪɫ˸Ʈʱ䴩Ůӵ࣬߱ɣ
ŮӣӰͬƮȻǱȴû֮еǰΣա
׷ʱŮӰ΢Ĵ˼֣漴ԭǿʵȴ˲˼֡
۽ǵôһѾ׽ŮӵĶʱȴһĸо
޽磬ټһЩػʵˣϾжʵһ϶ǵʶӶЧʵȥɱ¾޵
Ȼһ㣬Ҳ޽һбֵľ֣ŮڱֳļɵʵȻЩĶǵζ
Ȼ˵ĶҲЩʵϣŮѾ˾ɵ֮ģһ㿴Ůӣƺ޽һǣͬ
ȻϤĸо屾ܵ׽ĸо׶ŮӵıأҲΪ⡣
ԭŮʵֻѪɫ̫󣬻֮£ǿԶԸģһʵȴ˲ѾΣЩæӦˡ
׼ȻİæҲͲ˷ʱˣӰ٣״̬£ʵͬȻǴ˲١
ֻһбȽͨĵػնѪɫȻֱ̬̬ٶȵʱǵٶҲֻǺһˡ
ϾѹϣҲܴﵽܱ̬ٶȣ˿ûѹ׵ٶȣȻӵı̬
ػնȻǵػ꾳ĻȴͬӴοױʵҲǼǿڻķ룬һ̬֮ԲѪɫûз֮¿Կģ
֮ǰЩ޽ޣױˣ֪ǵ㣬ҲݾʯʯȶЩ޵ţ˳ּ䣬׾ǳЩ޿ǿĵطȥ
䣡
µĲ񷽣Ȼ仯һ⣬ֱӵĺݺݵѪɫ޵ǰ·λãλã׷ĲĻӦЩѪɫ޵ڵĺλãȻķƺӵǿ󣬵ǹЧҲǳĺã
ȻһƵĺ֮Ѫɫ޶ȻѾ޴ʹ嶸ȻƺһޱȵӴ
ֻǣŮ𾪣Ѫɫ޵徹ٴεȻȻըѣ촷ۣʧ֮С
֮УȴֻһѪɫʮֵĹ졣
һѪɫӣ֮йҲеԴʱһƺ⣬ֱӵĽѪɫӸյԴĿռ֮С
ʱȴ⵽ǺɫӹʱŮһ˿Ĺâƺⶫջ
һ㣬׺׵жϳŮӶʵžԵִţִţѾﵽЩĵز
׵ĽһֻѪɫޣӶʹŮһֻѪɫ˲١
Ȼ˲ٵʵŮҲһĽһֻѪɫ޸ɱˣѪɫޣģֻһŵƷʵʯѡ
ʹŮȻҲǴϲ㽫ͬ䱦һĴӵȻСȡԼĿռ֮С
ʱ򣬲ԭϣҲƽ
֮ǰսŮӱһѪټ˰̺Ѫͬһ㣬Ƕ͸鶯ףҲΪòġ
֮ǰлλǰİˣСŮӲʣмѪɫ޵ӦƷ鱦СŮӱ㲻ֳ鱦ˣǴлǰİ
ŮȻó˵Ǵ˿̻һһ˵̬ԵмĮ
ģʵڽ˲ҹά
׿ˣòԣЦǺǣ֮ͣعҳݣ鱦ǹϲȥҲ޷
ţŮ˫Ȼ漴ȴְԭΣأǾʹ˱ɣ鱦ǰϣȴǶһԱ֮ҲɶΪһǸáǱڰա
Ů˵꣬Ҳףʱתߡ
΢΢ЦҿҺ͹Ե֣ԭȴҲգһͬðգô۶˾֣￴Σ
ԭʹҪһðգŮҵüͷ壬֮źô֣Ůʶ뵽֮ǰĹֶΣһҲã
ҽףʵ۷״̬򡢷ϵ򡢻ϵ򡢴ط򡣡ײҫǿƺĵ˵
һ㣬ûʲôģڱܵĸо׾ãŮӣûвң˿ϤĸоҲǹؼ
ŮһĴ򣬶ʱ֮֮У˵ļĹâ漴ȴְȥԵƺΡ
µ̾һŮӵСŮБUսϵ򣬸ʱ䷨ŲٵǷȱھ硣
UԺԭϣǱһС͵ĶˣҪΰ΢΢Ц漴ó˸ոԴ֮еö鱦
ǣU˵ͷ΢˼֣ľۼϵѪҲ𽥵ɢˣԳ̫ѿݺ;ġ
őU죬ЦЦ·ϣҵջСǼȻǶˣôұ˳Ϊһ׺õװţ˳˵һ£Ƕ󷨵ģԽҾϣһװ
ºͶϵЦݣU֮һ˿ȴ˲ʧˣ漴ָ˼ֱ䡣
ǣôʵôϣ֪ɱޣգʼ߲ɱ¾ͱɱĽ֡Uιһ˿ı
ʱƺ뵽˵һĻĸףǸ˵սԼ֮ʣµԡ
漴峺˹U΢΢ƵףĲˣСװȴӵ˵Ժʵ
ǣֻб֤ʸȥκһУ𣿡Цŷʵ
Uһ漴ӵĿһۣ˵ͷ㲻˵
ײûв󷨣Ǿ͵ʵϣóģֹһ鱦Ŀ鱦
ҶƷƷε鱦
׽Щ鱦ǿĻڻȻ󷨴ǧǿֶΣƳһƷսףսѥ
սףױȡˑU֣ΪUսףΪUսױʣĲΪһɽͬƷ鱦ɽΪUɽ
׶ʱһеʱ򣬑Uż𺳣
𺳣ǿҵĴőUģ
԰ңôҸסֻǣ£Խ֪ԽãڣҴˣˮU˼Ƭ̣۾ָֻ˼ᶨ
ս׷ɽָ֡UȡģֱΪUսףUսѥUɽUָ㿴ֻҪԾѪɣʱҪСķɡ
º͵˵ȷʵҲѵá
֪Ů϶ȻܣҾǵȶһһĸӦϤУʹġ
һˣ׶ȻְҲġ


430 U2
UһὫдϵˣ٣ϱĮʱ򣬲ľ֮ǧ֮⡣
˼ʱ򣬼΢üҲ˵ʲô٣ͣҲ޷֮лоֹ֮ʲôõϢ
Ϊһ˿ϤĸоΪԵĶں뻵֪׿϶λŮӣԼ۸ЩʲôӦֵõġ
Ҳ²⵽Ȼܽˣת޽磬ôҲųܿңҲĿԣȻԼһЩϤˣ˵ѵˣпܵġ
ˣ׼һ£ҲκεͷӶֻܾδ֪U֮ǰһЩ
UƬ̣ʲôҲû˵˵ĻҲһ嶯ѣһܵĳ嶯ѡ
һֵĳ嶯ʧ֮ҪԼܸ˵뷨Ѿȫʧˡ
ʱѹҲ׵Լѹǿѹ֮£Ҳûһĳһ˵ʱ򣬳Щȶ״̬
һUһۣ΢΢ͷлл
΢΢һЦȻǶˣͲؿˡ
һۣû˵ʲô
ڿU˫֮˫ʱͷ΢΢̾˫ӵʵǺܴ󣬼һȻҲʶĸˡ
ײûȥ²⣬Ҳ֪ӵһ˫ӵŮӣģһʮֵľģЩ뷨Ҳֻһ¶ѡ
׿˿UЦطʹһķ֮ܽռѹڰʱ֮ڣеģò鷳ĻҿԴһ𡣡
ϾҲˣԷȻòãȴҲһδŮӣ˻ѯһ¡
Uһۣ˵ͷȻû˵ʲô
漴Լʮ׿ռϰԵļӳ˴ط̤֮ɽUģüͷ΢΢չһ£Ȼ㣬˷ɽϡ
ɽĴСǿб仯ģ˿̣񷽣֮֮ǰѾ˽վˣȻ´ࡣ
Uڷɽϵһ̣΢΢һȻѾ뵽׸ķ⣬ǺȻûѹ壬ʹһּ䲻ʵ̤ʵĸо
ǣƮȻıӰֲʵĸоܿʵ
ɫս׳޳ģ˵ߴӢ׿ȵȣ˿Ϊ
Ľĸоּĸоǵĸоộ
ˣƺ
ǿĺ󱳣һϤĸоڑUȻιһ˿ã
漴U侲
뵽˸װɣþãûг׵ķɽˣףҲ֪ںδ
΢΢죬漴һ㵭˸ֻǲƬ̣һֶʧˡ
׽̤ɽƮƮőUŲԭȥ
đUһпһĶŮӣ֮һĶİɫսבUսףϢʵǺĶ
Ȼͦε˫忴ܴ󣬵̺ͦ͵ԣĶġ
ֻƾŸоӦһ£ȴûκε뷨Ů˭ΪԼЩϵ׶ûǷ֮롣
ߣκŮӣȻ뵽ģȻˡ
ƽ֮ദӶ㺵ְɡ

׳ĬƬ̣Ŷߺķ磬
Uͷ͵һ¹ײĸоǺȻһ̣ģȻ
һ˿֮ɫı飬ȴȻô䵭
ףʲô𣿡U䵭ʵ
ȻײҪеĳƺ仰ȴͬ˺˵
뵽һͣ뵽Լģû롣
ʱһɺϤĸоȻҲ˵ʲôԵ֮飬˵ԼָоǺεġ
֮ǰҼλŮӣƽԭĿȶͿˣҵһۼһϤѪԵĸо֮ҵ֮£ָ֮Ҳŷ֣ҵµλλã
˵Ҳ𣿻ˣܼǲǵã룬ⱲӣֻпֻһˣǾҵUӺۣUüͷ˵
֪ΪΣ˵Ϥĸо˵ѪԵϵUһ˵ĸооЩʧ
˵ĸоӦѣ˵ǺܵĻ飬㲻Ҳֻ˵һ˵ѣϲϣһһֱ㵱ܺõѿģġϵ˵
ȻУȴȻתͷőU˫ۣʮֵϡ
˵ʲôUر˫Ĵħ˫ۣ΢΢ͷ
Ȼŵùˣһֱӵĺ˵ɣһⲻ˵ҺܾǰĹȥָڵ㡪Ҫ˵꣡
׶źȻɱǡƺҪֵđU˵
ԼԲλ棬ڲλﵽԲ֮磬ȻͨɽԷԴ飬޽磡׶őU˫˵
ּ˵Ŀ⣬ÑUӡ
׶ڑUûʲôΪ֪UڲͬȻž˵ܣ
һ㣬ҲԴһֱܵĸоң㣬Ȼ㲻ʲô׶Ǻڰռ䣬Ѿ˻ɣҲźܶûн⿪ܡ
ţ޽֮ˣ֪һЩ飬Ϊ˴£ȻUһ֮ġ
UһŮӣ֮ǰ˵ԼֻһˣҪǿʵ޷ǱǱ
𣬱ʲôһ޻ǿޣһŮ޳޵̶ȣ
Ȼһˣһǿˣ
ңӑUż˲ѹ˫ۣҲƶϳUϣһܹ⿪Լʵܣ
״ţ磬Ҳ޾ͶӰޣɱ֮ѭ
ԣټ϶Ůӵ˼ϤĺøУױûʲôǣ׼촰˵
㡪磡Uһǲ˼飬漴ĬĬ
׵磬֮УԷɽҲ˳ѪӡߣΪӡܶǱΪĺܶǿߣ
U˵׽˵ϧǣϲԷӡеۣҲɲһ㣬Ҷ㣬Ȼ֪û
ҲҺл磬ĳ̶ֳϣȷʵøл
ˡ
Uƺһ̣ķǳʧ䡣
ףлл㡣UȻ˵ѵõʮֵᡣ
΢΢һ㶣漴㣬ʶԷ
ȷʵ𾪣ΪԷɽѪӡˣһֱ޴Ӳ޽磬ѯ˺ܶˣû֪
ţǵģΪU˵˿̣ǿҲ̲סᡣ
⡪ô£
Ҳˣѵ˿ϤĸоΪɽ˵ϵµģܣԲϤĸо
Һҵһܣǵ֪Լ˲Ŵ򿪵Ŀռ֮Űɣ˵ûд
UȻ˵ȻƽĿףϵĵף֪һ֪ˣ͵øܴĴۣ
˵ɣ㲻˵ҲҪ̽ģң뿪ص磬ҵĿġЦЦ˵
UȻЦˣƽݸһЦȴ׵һ˿ļ¶Ůӣĺ
ҵΪԷޡս֮ǰ
ҵʵͻƣΪӺ𣬶һ޳Ѿִ޽ֻصˣʱ޽粢ǰ㿴
飬ҲǴʱʼġ


ʮż ɽ


431 ǰ
U˵Լĸ׶ʱ֪ܴ鷳ˡ
ʱбֲõĸоȻ֪Uĵ˻ǿ󣬵ǺһΪеĻʵǳ׵
µȵĲλ棬Լﵽľ磬һȻǿޱȣҲ£ϵı飬һֱƽ
ûԵú𾪣Ҳû־֮⣬UپһɣҲһο
漴U˵ʱ޽磬ȻҲޣЩԪģ޽ˣͬҲܴӣû̫ĹĶǣҶŬϣԼܴﵽ˵֮еĴԲ磬Ϊ
Ҹ׳ΪʱΪ֪ĴڣԼνȻ޳ɱϽ飬˱޳ΪɱĶ
֮ϣݲˣ޳𱾾ɱҸףȴҸʵ˵ã֪飬ʹǷŭ
ʱһս޽µλ棬Ϊһսռ䶼ȫ˿İڶλ洩󲻶ϣҷ

뵽ǰףҲúȻ
硢޽磬λ棬ԵϽķܳΪ֮ˣһǿ֮
֮սǲλٵԭ
׺ȻЩˣµ磬Ϊʲô˲ƣ
һеĴ𰸣֮ս֮У
ע⵽ˣ˿̵đUһ˵ı
ȴЩˣǶµĳɣΪU䡢Լݵĳɡ
֮ǰ׾йU϶׶ԣһϤĸооʹжϣUӦԼϤһˣ
ǣUĴڣ֮ս֮ǰ
ô֮ս֮ǰ٣λĽǲڵģ
ôU˭˵˭ǑU
ⷬ˼Ҳݵһ˲ѣȻ벻ױ뷨һ죬ʼǻ֪İɣ
U׳˼΢΢̾Ϣ˵ǳսʹ޳ԪˣҲʹҵ˼ԵĴˣҵڸҺƿռ֮ϣ뿪
Էȴңҵֱӽռ֮С
ʱ޳ҲȻҳˣһУȴǱҵҵҲӴʧˡ
޳Ҳͬʧˣ˵ǽڵɣûмɱҡ
֮ȻһֱǺҵף֮һʱ䣬ҵͨ㷨ͶһѶϢҲҪɺҵףȻѰһиˡ
U˵ţƽĵף㣬ҲֺϤĸоⲢ̹ϵԭԭǣҵǷѶϢȷĸңһû֮󷨡еڵ޵ʱмҪһУ
˵Ҫ󲢲ֻô࣬Ҫһǣ˱磡
ȻﵽҪ󣬶ҵ񣬻ΣΪֹȻĺܲġ
ţΪʲô׺Ȼһݣ漴װʵ
ܽĵжУ׶Ȼ𾪣һԷһճΪܺͽֻصƾеײ̫𾪣
𾪵ģǑUڽһ
ֻȻʧĸо
ǵģһֱˣǶUȴͬһϲĸоʲô鰮ȴһ֪ĵĻϲĺøС
ףĲΪҵǣЩұػʱ㣬Ҫϸˣ
Uص˵
ɫһݣ漴һʧĸоǻͷʱע⵽ˣU˰̣Ȼ𽥵İʧ
˰һʧĵط¶ģǾա
˵ò𽥵¶׵ģ͵һݣ漴Ȼ뵽˺ܶĻ棡
ʱײ˵ʲôҲñʲôֻǱ侲őU˵
ͨ㷨ҵϵϢӡҲϵ˰̵ԴˣΪҵʵѹ˽ǧ򱶣Ϊ֮ǰӡɶӶ֤ʵҸᵽˣ˲ŸЩ
ǣȴҪġ
Ҫǣ޳ûˣΪ˳Ϊıķ޽ķ
磬òп֮ǿʳһǿ۳֣ҲȻʧ
޽磬ȴϢֻ֮кսҹͣսսޣȴǱ޳õĺڰĻڰ󸴻Ϊһʯ鱦ɥʬ
ͨڰĻǣɸģǰķŭޡڰӰ֣
ÿжкڰÿжŹһ
ǿʳп
޽磬ȻŽᣬ֪ȥ֮ǵʬ壬ԶĵòϢ
ґUȴһжģΪ֮ǰҵ㷢޳ڳ飬һʵĳֵʱʵҲ
ӡҼ޳ɱʱ򣬵ǣף㲻ҪģΪҵѡеˣ㲻κεΣյģ
ҲΪҵģҵңǲЩһħġ
ҵ˵ˣҵδҵ
һҪһֻԡĲ¸ҵİھ֮⡭ܣҪʱһΪлİ
U˵꣬ѾЩˣף֮У
ⲻling𣿲ᡭʵӦ뵽ϤĸоһתҲпתųΪ˵أ
ľѪʹ뿪˲ˣΪһѪԵ֮ˣΪԼޣ
ίУΣ˵һ·֮ǰΪˣֺһծ
Ȼ
̾ϢһЩΡ
ģһܻԻ͵ģ
뵽λķĳɾͺҸ˵
UĵЦЦȻ˲ߡ
ʱ׸оһ壬ܵģסŮľŮӡ
˰ѾʧһϢľ˴Ŀġ
촽Ȼ׵ϣռ䣬ҵͬʱռ䴫һѵľ޴ڶ
ǧ򱶵ʵһ̣ԭڵđUžԽֲʵ
ң׵ĿUеķǾǼƷ鱦
ƿան
Uһ˿ֿ⣬촽֮У³ۡ
һĻ׼Ǳܵ㵽ͬһĻڑUĸ׵ϣ
ĸӺƿնԷʵ
˿̵đUͬһָ
ʵȻƺͬ㵽ʲôǺЦһֽһ΢Ц
ʵȻ˵ãҲǑUĶ֣٣ӡ⿪đUӵƿյûУ
Ȼ䱻ռ֮У봩״̬޷
ۼռ𣬺ڰ٣ȴʱ򣬿һĿӰһʵĳӰɢ
ʺѪȾգ׵ǰҲٴε˺ڰ

ˮճճϣߣˮ
ȻһƬɫĲԭˮȻš
ǣ֪ѾUͻ硣
磬ɽء
Էˣ
׼˲ŭ˳Ȼ֪UͲǣȻ޷ܑUӡƿ޳ɱʵ
һƮӰȻߡ
֮ǰɽһǣŮӣͬľ׾˵ϤС͑Uò˵ƣ


432 
룬ױ֪ɽԷҲӦþѪӡߣ
׿Ů֮ԭкܶ໰˵ʱȴʲôҲ˵
ǵģʲôҲ˵ָоǧʱ򣬺Ȼ俴Էһ˿įʱһȻ䣬ʲôҪˡ
һ˫ԶԶȿԵ˶㲵úܶһ˫ף޷ӣȥԵ
Ȼ䣬ˣʲôдԣ
ɽѾ׵ԼٴεĳֵʱŮѾ޳Ĩɱ
ʵҲ
׺Ȼ侲ҵģõͷŴӶƽ
ССḶ́׸оԼֳ˼֡
ǵģûйȥûδδѾڣȥѾΪ˲ɸĵ顣
ײ֪ʲôѾˣΪӺͷӴĹδȴǳΪԼȥһָ֣оǹ죬ֺǻĵ
δԼȹȥԼʵԼһֱڴδȥ
ԼĪǧǰ׺ͷһ𣬷ǑU
ǧ׺͑Uһ𣬑UǷһ
ʵǺܻҵһ£ͺñһ۵֤һһδ꣬صȥɱĸô᲻ڣ
ǣ£Ĳ̣˵˵޽Ӵ
ĴڣͿʹùȥںδͣͬһʱ֮ڣܹǰͽһཻ
ʵǿ˼Ҳ̫ڷḻ˵һЩڳɹ˶Щʣִʱ򣬲⣬侳˼̫ǿ֪ÿǧεǿ˼֮Уĺۡ
ʱϣԼӦٶһ㣬ϣԼ³һ㡭
һ뷨Ҳ˲䣬΢΢ͷĹ̶ѡ
̧ͷżַϵŮӵʱŮҲͬʱס
Ѿע֮У㲻̫ѹɽοǵĮ
ǣȴܸܵ⵭Į֮еĳغͱ
ûĸײԼĶŮģԽ䵭Ĺذĳ̶ȣ
ţܺõģ˵
ԷȻһЦףɳҺο
΢΢ͷкܶʣܸ𣿡
Է˵ͷʰɣȻڸ̫磬ѾûжٻˣɰܣѾڴһ١
׵ͷ漴ʵһ㵱ΪҪǣѵǱ˶жܣ
ɽ¶һ˿ĵȷʵ϶ܣҸ㣬УŲţ
ţţ׼ᶨĵΪҲ֪ĽֻУſǡץסʱ
ڶԨʲôϵΪֹʲҪɱԨ۽𣿡ʵ
һ㣬ʵܼ򵥣Ѫӡߣҵһ۷޻󷨣ҵı壬ȴֻڵķϵ޶ѡԷ΢΢˵
ҵʲôϵײ
Ԩ޳µһöӣѪͨ󷨺ԨһѪԵϵǡɱԨԭ򣬾˵ˣһ²õԷ˵
΢΢ͷ
ȻĸӺܶ࣬ûг׵ĿɽܷΧ֮ڡ
ʵ⣬״Ҳ֪ˣȻ˵ʵĲ²мֲ࣬һ
ȻԨ۶ɽ˵ãӵлôһҪ뷽跨Ū֣˻ᣬѪպóûǿ۷ӡĹأ󷨣޳ȴҲ޷
Ͼ𲢲ֱӵ½磬һ½磬ֻͨٵķʽԪ񣬸˵֮ϣ
һ½֮˵󣬾ͷǳϸԨˣȴõѡ
ֻǺܿϧǿ۱Ѫӡۣ޷޳Ҳһ⣡
ΪҪǣѪû޳ĽɣʹԪٿռ䣬ֱӲϧĵս
ԣѪһĴ۸֣һһɱ¾
׵ĳ֣ǳʲô˵İţ׶֪ˣ޳ΪҪܶɱֱǲܵģǣ֧Ѫˣ޳֣ߣӵſɱ˫Ĺ
׺ܿ뵽˺ܶ࣬ʵϣԷ˵뵽ģһ£ǣкҪһ㣬ȷʵû뵽
ұˣȷʵǿ󣬵ֻǽ̵һֹԳƴ˿̲Ķ֣Ҫ޲򣬻˶òĺ޳ս
Ҫ˵⹦Ҳû˼˵⹦㣬ҲЩôɱò
Ϊʱ⣬һֱȻʱϸ¡
ѰԪ֮ˣȻԪ壬ת壬֤ԷԸᱻɱɱֻҪǡֶأ֮֮ǿߣҲȻɱιȥ
ԷϸĽһ⹦ʱҲ׵Ѫ֮ԲᱻɣΪһĽѪˣԷԪԵʣȻܽԪɱôѪȻһʮֵεˣ
ڣеʣȫ˽͸ˡ
ǸǿߣУҲѾ˶λϾʹ֮⣬Ǹ쵼ʹǿߣΪпܵģ
Է˵ɽ֮УѪȴǴҡڵ϶ҪӪһ壬ǿ޳䣬
һĻֺ޳ٴֻҲ
ȻǰǣѪӡֳ߱㹻ʵУ
ң㹻޳ֵĶô
ϸ룬Ȼϲɳһ亹漴ȻԼնȻֶѪɱ޳𣿡
仰һ˵Էһ˿Ȼ֮ɫȻܿĻָƽ˭ܿĵ׵𾪣ӵΣ
˵ѻ߾磬ʮ仰֮УžģİǼٵġǣ㼴˵ѣҲӲҵĸӦ
ʹѡңͱȻǵĵλ޷ǰȻ̵ɱķϤĴڸңӦð˵죡Ϊ޳һô׾ܱɱ

ʱԷȴһʧΣȻһ˿Ľѵɫ
̫˽ˣʧˣ뵽ᷢʲô䵭
Էǲĵͷ
뵽ŮǑUĸףȷʵİ˶漴º㲻Ҫ̫ѹԶԶҪõĶ࣡
ȣģȻλǰҳ֣Ȼ޳㵽ǣҵһУӦö޳עķΧ֮ڣ
ΣҪնǿеģҪ壬ţû˱ҵ⣡
Ҳһ㣬λǰѡҺϵԭ
ߣһ꣬ұ֤ʵۺڵľ磡ŵ˵
ԷĬƬ̣ƣټ֮ǰķͲ²ⶼôľ׼±Ҳˡ
Էһҧãұģһ꣬ڵۺڣҺڴ
һûдﵽ֮УѾҵĳˣôҵʱᷢõΪľˣ
΢΢һЦ˵ͷ
׵ЦݣԷûɵҲҲôĳˡ
ԭԷɶʵãΪԭҲΪѹͷųԭԷȷʵ˴˿̵ĻҲƣ֮

ȻԷǑUĸף֮ˣҶʵ˵Ͼһ˶ǧǴãձֳƺֱҲ˼ʵǹؼ
׺ԷҲûмƽЩ໥ֳƺ
˿̣Է׹ıӰףҲܾûؼˣȥ˰ɡ


433 ҿʼ1
ؼҵĸо׺ڴ
٣޽սӣʵЩƶU׵̬ҲЩ仯
˿̣׿죬Ϊڼҵ˼ֻڴҡֵʱ뵽޳
Ӧ˵һȨƻ˵ʮֿȵˣ֮ˣʵԽǿȷʵҲԽǿĳһִţˡ
ֻǣ޳ѵΪ֮ϣˣ
ѵΪֶΣԶ֤ԼΪ֮еף
ȷʵ񣬲һ̣ΪĻؼңҲȥЩˡ
ɱķ׷һĵ͵˵ҪɱĻţľǧߵˣõѡ
ҲֱգֵĻȻҪκ˶޴ӵ֪
粢û޽ǰѹ׸Ĵط磬ȴܱ̬
֣ţʲôڵĺڵĸ֣ҲΪ֮
֮ǰӵŻ򣬲ǰڵľ磬ܺǰڵĸһս
񣬴ﵽڣӵеĹҲ˵1024ص򣬱˻ıԼѹ
ȻʵȻŷǳ
ңлڴţһԼʵﵽۺڣǲźһսʵ
Լģ׻Щڴ
̤ϲɽշУ࣬ȴͬݿݵĻеԷ
˿̣Էװ磬׸ֱ治һŮˣȱ֪£ףҲỳɡ
շУԷԼ·ڲȻҶΣգȴ˵Ĳ
ռ֮֮󣬽Ųһ㣬ŷ֣ԼȻȻѪɭ
Ѫɭ֣ϤĵطʶƷҪݺԼĵط׵ӡ󲻿ν̡
֪꣬΢΢һЦˣԷ𷴿ҴŲƹȥ
׵ʵԷͬΣ˲ûΪΪʩչŲƣɳԼķʶһнײٿء
׵ԪкأȻ˲ϯԷ壬ȻɲǼ䣬Ȼʧ֮䡣
۲˺ܶ˵ĴŲƣ׵ĴŲȻ˵ǿ
ԷȻ׵ĴŲЩССĻɣԸ֮һ˫ЩȴˣİҲɢ˲١
״ԷֱӵĳǣһֱӵĳԼҵĸ֮ۡС
׳ֵǸɲǣܵ΢΢Ŀռ䲨ģ˼
׵ʱ˼΢΢һ㶣ԵЩͷԵĴһ£Ȼ漴Ĵ˵
Ǽ˷ܵģʵο֮
ǻҺﶼõģ˼ۿ˽׵Ļ˼ߣԭ˼˵лȻҲЩεףȴЩӡ
ЩˡЩʧ䣬ҲЩ档
Ǻǣⲻǻôţ˼Щӣ޿˾磡΢Ц˵
ģţڶ쵽ھˣߺߣϣͲǺĶ˼ٺЦţʮֵԵá
΢΢һЦź̬ůҲ
ʱ׵ǰȻĬĬվš
˴ʱһǳɫ˿һĳսף˿ƮɣȻ˫壬һرĸо
˼֮ƺһӱ˳ĳɱΣƺɲǼ䣬ʧˡ
գ΢㲵˫ǾӨỨֻײܸоĳ飬׵ģȫĻ
˶
һȻݺݵĽ˱ڻС
û˵κεĻֻǽͷ׵ĻУʵһС
˫֣ȵĽıףƺһɿҲˡ
ид̫ˑUжڼҵ̫ܰһ̣Ҳǽĺӵһ
ԷЩĽĿ˶΢΢̾ʰȡ˳Ժ
ͬʱ˼лȻҲʰȡĸ˳ȥ

һѾվ˷ɽϣˣȴȻڻС
˶˽ˣǾ뿪ɣһõĵطҸȥ
㣬㲻ôЩǵʵ
ȻܲЩ֮£˺Ǹˣ֪׵УʼǷŲЩģף㲻ܵ
˶ˡ
ҲȨ죬޵£Լÿһ죬ģ첻֡
˶ˣҲˣȻܻ˽ڣΨһԸͺǣúõҸȥ
һ£Ȼ˶Ҳ磬ֺ̫ƽأ뷨˶Ѿˡ
ʲô˶Զ֧㡣

һ𣬲䣬ʱ䣬ôĹȥˣֻԼĺҸûκε쳣ĸо
ңҲ׵ߵҸҪϡģȻĳһʧȥʱʹʱ򣬽Ī
ʮ֣лѰŷϣͬĪԶ׵ĸۡʱҲΪҽԷȻɽʵݣ϶˵ܡ
֮лѰһͬ飬ԷȴǺȥϢȥˡ

ʱۣһۣʮȥˡ
ʮ䣬˼ʵͻڵľ磬лѰĴ£лȻɾɾ¡
Ȼ˺илȻĶȴûκζ
׵ʵΪ˼ʼڻ򽣻ϣʱûżʵûٽ١
лѰŷϣĪԵʵȴ׷˺Էʵ
ʮ䣬Ҳٴμľǧ˿ˣ˳ΪѲ֮棬ҲóıսȺܸߣѾЩСˡ
ȻżЩ˳лѰ˹գҲܲ
ʮƽΨһû˿ɵģ
ӻصǺȡʱչأףҲʱ
֮УҲ׵һ£ǾǾʱʹøӰ졢Եƫʱ֮еֻ˼
ˣ׵ʵҲѾˡ
˿̣ԼլԺ֮бչڣܶһ䣬׼ٴʵ
ңڵľ磬ȫĴﵽ˼ȵԲ磬֮ڣʵҲȻͻơ
ڱ˻һ£Ƕ׶ԣȴһõ飬ȻľԷɽ֮Ӱ졣
ˣѡ˱չأȡһͻơϾŴʯģ
ΪҪǣЩӣǰ֪ԷѪӡߵһУȻϣ׿ɱķʽĹأ
ֻЩҲоһɳƵΣƺҪϯ硣
֮ǰһƽġ
ʱѾڱչصʱľǧߣ˿ֻ̣Ϊױʹ÷ɱоȳ˵

죬һ޽һ㡣
֮ϣһɫ۵ӣ˫ɨأ۽ǳһĨк֮ɫ
ҾͲţ޳޷죡ߣұȸ޽ķ磬ȫ˵
͵ıһĨ⣬غȻȻһף쳹񷡣
ǡ
𶯣ڰ֣ޣѪޡɥꡢѻȣ׷


434 ҿʼ2
˿̣֮Ķ֮󣬼е۵֮˶ˡ
Щ޽ʱ򣬻ս㿪ʼˡ
Щ޵ǿ󣬲׶սЩСޣģﵽڵʵΪǿģﵽۺڵ۷״̬ʵ
޳֮ԲЩ޳ΪΪЩ޵ĳɳƶķ֮ڣ
ܻңⲻ籾֮⣬ҪǣĴ½֮ĵ۾ĻңҲ
ʱȴǳ˴ģޣֽޣܲ˵⼸ܵԴ顣
ˣ޷޽ЩǵŽᣬΪˣ˷߻ŽԿ֮⣬ıֻǽܵԵĴˡ
׸ܵؼĶңҲ²⵽޳Ѿʼˣûм
ƽ˶ʮ֮Ѿ֪꼴١
׵ģȫĳڽĸ֮Уʱ򵽽ȣѾͻ˵ػľˣֻݸ򣬲ûͻơ
ؽռ֮׵ڻ֮˻򣬸ĺܶķ
ķԷ򣬱ؽĴطȵȣ
ֻЩСѣҲΪŲδ׻˼ϸȴǻȻ
ÿһֹںϺܶķֻҪģܹµġ
ǹؼںϷĹḶ́Ͼһ·ߵͷ飬Ǵ֮ˣɡ
֮Уټ裬ٷ꿲
ؽİ壬׵ν޽Ĺϵ׵ˣط֮ʵǿ̶ȣ
ʱ򣬸״̬׸׵һ£ǾǣҪΪ𣬱ÿһڣҪĸ
Ҳ˵ÿһ㾳磬ҪﵽԲ磬пܳΪ𣬽յеķںһ壬Ȼܻ򣬸컻أ
ףܶۺڵˣΪʲôʵв࣬Ϊ֮ǰḷ̌Ϊľ
ͺñǼ򵥵ĻһҪܳɼҪʮصĻܳɼҪ100ܹռأÿһأ60ֱԼôһÿһζ100ֽһȴǶ60ֽô300ֵʱѾﵽ5˻ֻ3ΪȼͬǷͬô˵ʵʵһģ
ȫ׵ΪʲôԼʵܺۺڵĸһսΪԼĻ֣ѾЩ˵Ļ޼ˣ
Щ֮޷ΪΪǵġ֡Ĳ
ֻһӣȴ˵ԲһľĹϵ
мָ̾Ȼ֪Ҫԣһ̣ȻֹסΪԼ֮ǰСο
˿̣ĵؽռ嶼ˣױҲٿѹƣȻ
׶ھİպͶڹĵգȫķſ֮ڵǿѾ𽥵ʱȻӿȫ׵Ȼƿ֮£׵Ԫ񲻶ϵıǿͬʱϣҲ˲ͻƵڣ
⣬Žֻǿʼ
˵ؽռ壬콣һ콣ĵһ磬׵ģȻ
ڣſʼӴ
콣ӦģĻ
Ȼֻǻţĸо˻ǿ
һƣݺݵĹ׵壬ɲǼ䣬ݺݵĲһ£Ժ֮УǺȻʲôһ㣬Ȼĸıĸо
ǵģһƣһԼ侲ġơ
ϣΪ⡮ơĽ٣׵ΪǷƵģʵ˲䱩ǣ
֮ǰͻڣڣջ֮۵ľǰڣ׸оһлȻһ㡣
콣㡮ơֱ֮ӵ꽣
ǵģ콣һơ
꽣ĹʽҲǶڡơã
򣬻򰡣
Щ˻֮׻ȻʣȻ򣬻򣬾Ȼǡ
꽣ˣȴûдﵽ۷壬׵ʵѾǿ󣬾ܽÿһ㾳綼ȫḶ́ԭһٳǰڵľ磬ȴûдﵽ
絽ǰڣǰڵľ磬ҲֻǴﵽһ㻯ıȽ۷״̬ˣԲŲٵľ룡
⣬ѾȽˡ
ǿһ㾳磬ȻǿеģǶ֮ǰո֡֡׶ԣ㾳磬һԲȻԺΪۺڵǿ֮Ҫ׵Ķ࣡
ۺڣֲǰȱݣѶ֮󣬾Ƿ˼ģ
ҲΪʲôлѰ˶ϣǵĺ󱲴ӿʼͲ׵ľԵʣ
ȻǲЩԼģҲⷽĲ룡
ңȹ̻Ⲣûʲôõķ棬ЩǵչˣֶΪ
վ׸оƺԭǸĻһ
һ̬ĸо
һһġơľ
䣬ͻȥ˼֣˼
ԣһֱȴŵľǧߣǱ㵭ȻƱȵҶ
ƣȻĿľǧߣ㵱ô
Ϊְ£ľǧ߾ڣ
ãģû֮ǰǲģ΢΢º˵
һ̣׶ȻںԼԪγһ壬ȻȻľǧߵԺ֮У
ʱǱɽѾ׵壬վһԣ
ľǧߵԪֱӽ˲ɽ֮ڣϳ̶ȣﵽ˾Ե״̬
ףɽԪѾ漴ںϣûνϳ̶ȵĵǡ
ľǧߵȻ˼ֲϰߣǲƬ̣ҲӦ˹
˿̣ѾΪľǧߣľǧߣҲΪס
£֪ˣлѰ˰֮⣬
ȻЩˣ׾ŵù֮ˡ
ոսһи㶨ϣѸٵ֮⣬ǧߣ죬Է˵޽٣Ĺֻǻᱻ޾޴ƶ𣡡
΢΢һݣʱ֪޽ķ򣬽ˣ
һЩ޽ĹأЩӡǿߣֻ׶༪٣
Щޣʲô£ǲ崥ƣ󷨽ƴĻ
뵽Щĺֻ˿̱ʮֵĳȣԣȻǰǸϽǰһ
ãһϲʱ֪Ѿɱ
ľǧ߰׵Ľ󷨽֮У٣ǲɱ֪ġ
׵ʵδ֮ǰǡúľǧ޼״ﵽǰڣľǧϣҲ֡
һ׼׵߳ңһ۱㿴ǵİ
һףȻһ£ʱףһƺͰûκε𣬵һرΣյĸовϵӣ
֪˿̵ֻѾǰ֮˵Ķˣ
кο˿ԶŵĿԷһ϶
֮ԷԼ棬Ϊ˲޳ĻɣԷϾ޳ˣҪն֣Ȼðա
ңԸޣԷľ飬νΪḻģ޽ܽЩս飬ҲѾԷ֪ѲǣҲһü޵顣
״˿̣ľǧߵݣоֹΪľǧߵԸ񣬺ˬ֮Уż򶨣д硣
߰ɣŲƣ㿪·˵򶨡
ãǧߣҪٹȥԷۣͽˣ
Է΢΢ͷתȥȴ˲Ѿ˴Ų֮
ǰ΢΢һڣ漴оԼѾĹأ
ʪͬĵط˿̱ޱߵĺ֣ɭ


435 ɫĹ1
һΣױѾԽ˷ɽֱӵĹڵķΧ
ȻһƬ޴ɽ꣬Ȼ಻ľ޴ɫĲ֪ľռܣҲȻİ˼żԼǬ󷨵Ӵ󷨡
Ȼ֮֮ǰ˲ٵޣ
ǵģδޣѪɫѪɫɥȣﶼŲ١
էۿȥǺȻصƽԭĳɽһƽԭĳɽ꣬ȻΪ޵һ
еĵǣȻûб仯Ϊʵޣȴ׵һ
Ⲣ׶Щž⣬Ϊɵ󷨷Щʵ׿ޣ˼ɵ
ӦԣĪ˵ȺޣٶһȺű̬ʵȻҲ£ر콣֮󣬶Ļ֮׻ûнЩ޵ʵ
ǣһȫЩֻսıܣһսôܵŲǻ޴ĻԵıըģʱĪ˵ߣߵʬ壬ֻ¶ˡ
Ȼ󷨵ǿȣȻô֪ڰУЩɱֻҲԸȥðյġ
׵ŰٶȶȻ˼£ƺѾʵֻɫ΢΢һȴҲûжԡ
ٶһɣ˳ӦҵԪǣǰȥ
Ԫ漴ױѾ׼˵һ߽Ĺص󷨽ƣ
ʱ򣬰ҲѾޱٶȶȻ˾Եǿȣֻо͵һһӭϮʱ˱ѾԽȺޣĹ֮С
ʱǡýĿķΧʱâҲȻ伤˹
ݡ
ֻƿδüӦʱʮֻѾԼ
۾ʱɵĹԲʱɫҲأ
׺ȻףԼһ£Ǿ޽ֽ޴ǿѹ
Ȼ磬ûѹģΪûѹЩ޵ʵԶԶԽ׵Ĺ㣡
ãɫ΢΢һ䣬Ȼ˿ľǧߵģ£Ȼ֪ĹأԶ޳ĵط׵ıȴǺûʲôͬˡȻ棬ȴҲûκ˿Կĳ
ôˣɫˡ
û޽ѹЩ޵սõ˼ĵ
ȻһƬãֻĿռ䣬ȴ͸ģɼȳһǧ֮󣬾Ǳһټ
˿̣߲ԶʮһֻޣҶٶ͵ģ
սײ£ֻǣĹأ֮գĿģ߻аֵܽãһ̫׵Ĺػл
ǵһʱ׾ͻеĸоԴ˿̣ȷʵ
ЩޣƺӦ˱ܵΣȻҲûж
ʲô취ǵٶôֻҪа취ĻӦڲƵ£аսĨɱԪ
΢΢һݣʱв
Уʱ̫ʹĿܻԵĴЩûԪҲ֪ġ
ǡУֻЩģӰЧ֪޽˷ѹģֻһֵϵӰ죡
ķ
һ󷨣ȻĴĹȴǲͬһľ޴ǿ󷨣һ쳣ǿӦ
Ҫǣһ޴ɱûпɱκȻпɱ
ɱ󣬲Դ֮ˣЩӡ֮ˣԡ
ףϾӡЩˣҲԼԷ޳һֶˣֻҪԷѰĻôɱпܽԷɱ
Щȴĺ͸ײ˵档
ҪȻֻǼޣǿ󣬻׵ķۣϾʵ㡮֡ĻӦþԳ˰Īԣʵǲ˵жǿˡ
ðɣûѡˣƺ÷ֻҪЩѹסͳɣҪΧ󣬶ȫһɱ˵
ã
նĴʱ򲻱¶һЩŵƣ˫Ӱ졣
׺ͰһۣȻȻ䣬һӴѹȻ֣͵ĳʮһֻϡ
׿ƵĺǾ׼Ϊ˽ͶĹؽƵĴĿܣѾ׼˸ⲿػ
1024صʹʮһֻ޶Ȼ͵ˤڵأ嶼˿ֲѺѪˮ
ʱȻֵѹʮһֻʱȫʧȥж
ֳһͬ޸һӰȻ˸ڽпռԾһ㣬һ˲ʮһ£
ٶȣ΢΢һݣ
ٶȣ̫ˣ쵽ʮһºɱɵʱ򣬺ð죬ֻһƵġۡ
ս޸ƺʮֵķɱȥ֮ȴͬһֻǽЩҳ࣬ȴǽЩɱΪ룡
⡪Ǵ
ʱ׶ڰҲһ˿ľ壬ܽӵ̶ȣ٣֮˿Ѿʮֵѵˣ
磬޽磬׵Ŀⶼй֮̽ˣʵǲ࣬໹Ƿս֮Ĺȴͬһ㣬ͬʱע
ɫ΢΢԰˼֣ͷϵĺˮҲ
¶οϲһɲٵĵû£ȻұҲ޷Ϣˡ
ЦЦˣǶɹʮһʯҪ˷ˣǺöúõϢһ£Ȼָѵ״̬ǱҪʼȹˡ
˵ͷЩĵĵĹصλã㶼ǵǧܸˣȻĹصĻˣ
΢΢һЦģǿ϶˵ģȻԷ˵ڲǻıĹصλģǱˣһ㣡
ŵɫɳ˶ʱҲԵüƣ
ˣҾķˡ˵꣬͵ȻĬĬָ
ףʱҲ֪ķֻһǿֶΣֻǺأټ֮ǰһϵеı񾭵Ḷ́ðõ˼ս˲Żƣ
ײһ󷨣ʹ֮ӵȶ˿
Ĺأֻ֪ҪսϢǵ⣬ǶκεΣյģȻһеսϢǾˡ

ΰĻָķ˽ʱ䣬ʱҲͬĻָѵ״̬
վ׳󷨣ȻĹأٴεĳǰ
ȻʵϺ͵һǿĽĹصĿɼȣȻֻһǧңԽǰɼԽ͡
ǰµ·棬Ѿôƽˣ׵ԪȻֻһףԪҲֻһףָӦĿϲϡ
ȴͬĶͷųԪ񣬱ϾԪ˫ۣǺõĶࡣ
ǰ𽥵м¸ӵĲƽӿݵģǵ֮ķһ
ǰڳһ޴ķεıݣԱߣһԼףԼףԼʮ׵ľ޴ʯ
ʯϣԿŽɫĲ֪ķģռѹֵĸоĹ
ٴοɫʯԶԶûе𺳺;Ҳû̫⶯
վ޴ʯǰĬĬţ̬򶨵ͬռȫĳΪһ塣
ʱ򣬰ҲûгֻĬĬվ׵ߣȴ׵
УȴţΪΰš֮ˣԼν֮ϵǿߵģһΣıˣԼ˶Ҫԣ
Խʮ׸ߵĹ߱ԽԵðѹֵĸоԽǵ
ĹϣŽɫķɢŵǿҵĴ۵ĹâǶ׶˶ԣȻûЧ
ͬģԭӦʮǿѹȵҲͬûʲôЧûЧͬͿռ䱾ѹȵһԽԽ͡
ǡ𾪣ĵԷȻǿ󣬾Ȼģ޽ϵͳ


436 ɫĹ2
ԭĹһѹģֻһƵѹ
ɫʯֵʱѹͱòһˣ׵һʱ򣬲ûע⣬Ϊע⵽Ҳܲʲô
һΣٴεļɫʯʱ׻Щ𾪵ģΪԷȻ޽ֵЧõ֮У
ֶΣЩġ
֪Է޵ǻ򣬰֮ģֻǸҪǣЧӦðɭ˵Ĵطİ塣
Էˣô٣ʵԶ׵ͬģӦҲڻ޳ѹ˵Ǳ
صѹЧȻ֮ʱϸĸţȴǷһЩϸ΢Ĳ
˿𣬲ϸĸܱܲϸĸ֮ײŷ֣⾹ȻֻǶַ򸴺֮һģѣֶΣȷʵǷ˼
뵽Է߶ܷӡסûһЩֶΣҲǲŵġ
ôˣ΢΢ʧ񣬲
ͣʧ飬ࡣ
΢΢ɫʯ֮ҪܵСģط˿Ĵ⣬ңǲܹԷеõķӡַҪԼ
ԣüͷһ壬㷢ʲô
˿̣ΪԷǲֵŵˣҶԷַӡҲȫĽʵҲû˶ԷΪеͷ
˱˷ӡûбĥ豻ɱѾǺõˣҪǣǶĽɱѾֹǰˣһݲСĶ顣
״˿˵뵽֮ǰĻʱ׵׵˼֪ʯ֮УֻǳʲôҵĻһС
ңͬʱҲ뵽ЩĹص˳ûΪһңô޳ҲԲƲȻ룬Ҳ˵
ϾɱһۺڵǿߣҲ٣Ҳܺһ㣬ûʲôȽ赶ɱ˵⡪٣ɱΣʱ
ҲеĹؼȽȥ˵׼֮йâ˸ʱ˵

µȻƽڽɫķĹâҫ£ûǰߣǱ˾ơ
ǽµĵ棬ȴʼԶǰƶţվһԶ͵һ
ĹԽԽһֱֻ׵ʱ򣬺Ȼ䣬ϵķģʼƶˡ
ǻһЩĹţγĻ棬ȻЩ潻ţ˹
һξһ֪ǰĻѾ˸ı䡣
һƬռ䣬ܻҰĿռ䣬ռƺһʪĸоȴԵóء
ǰĹѾ֪ȥ򣬶ʵ׺ɣѾһˡ
һ˲û̫ľȣҲĻ֮д˲֪꣬ȻҲΪЩĶ
վ֮У˶ֻǼ򵥵վţû
Ĺأ֮ǰȰǸĹأž˵ƣͬźϸ΢
ϾⲢڰǸĹأתḶ́Щһ
վһƬյأǰݺύķĹҲһƬ⡣
֪зĹ֮УֻһʵģЩ˺
ԷĽرĹעеһĹĹλúͨŵ߸ĹĹȫûκβͬ
Է˼֮Уûгʱմңôˡ
ǣͨķĹ׺ͰȻȴûг֡
һ£΢΢
˵ͷʾͬ
׶ȻĿⲻٿǸĹǿա
ЩĹĹأȻǲԪв̽ģҲܶκδĿ֮̽̽ȻضĹصĻ
⣬Ҳ׺Ͱɵԭڡ

Ḷֵ́ȻЩ׵֮⣬Ҳ֮С
̣ȫǵѰڵĹصḶ̣́Ҳȳ֮һй̡
Ļ䵱һ֪Լʹõ֮ôһỳʹõ㲢㣬һֱܵĻѡ
׸̣ƽǳĿһֿһúǡ
һֵȻ¶ϣǺȻ䣬Ĺ֮жһůһѹֵգʱʧΡ
ô㵽ôЩŵʵ
Ȼ׵ʵţ׵ЦݵʱҲʱûôӴѹˣʱ̲סģȻʮֵĵǣ
ϾУߵķʧȥһжÿϧ
ţûˡ΢΢Ц˵
ôжϵأ֪Ĺصֱɲ⣬˶ŵжϣҲһ˿ĺ档
ĹؾԲ򵥣Ҫô򵥣߻ЩǣͲôױˣ
΢΢һЦӡ֮Ужܱʵǿأ
΢΢һ㶣ЩɻĿһۣȴûκεı֮࣬⣬ҵʦֵܣǿΪȱӡ֮һ֪Ĺأӡ˶ˡʲô˼أ
׵ЦݸˣȻ㶼ŬĽĹתƵһΪ۵Ľ䣬һ˵Ļͻؾĵ·ߵĻôΪ֮⣬ѵ𣿡
Ե͵һмֻʧɫĵãȻǺжϣֻȻԷǳĴ󣬵Ҳðհǰٷ֮ٵĻ
ЦĺˣûоԵİգǲŵģУһҪס֮ˣв̫˼ɣʱķɣһĻǳΪصĺҲȫĿԳܵġ
˵Ѿȫ˰ɣǰǺܲģԴҲ֪ΪľѹΪ㱾̫ڵǣʮֵء
һ˵ЩĵͷʵϣĹصѹܴ󣬶ΪѾһΣܵһ˿ηĳɷ֣ҹңΪ̫ߣԲźǺ³¡
һ˵Ҳʱ˹˽ı֣ȫͬһһ㡣
һ㣬˲Ϊ͵ģҲӵ˵ҲźܺõǱʡ
׶λãеʵжϣԼϸķ
Ȼģűܵжϡ
һڸʾԵĳ˰ٷ֮ʮϵĳ̶ȵʱײһ͵ĿʼںϷȻĹ֮С
һΣȻѡϵĵһĹ
ȻѾųɵĿ϶ˣ׻Щ٣ֶһĶĲʽףҲЩľ
׵ǲ£ȴŰΣԼԷεĽ
ÿһĹԿһˮײģһĹҲ⣡
ʱױѾֵĽһ˯ײŪ˳Ȼ󰲾ķĹ󷨽ƵԱߣ
ɫһƶȻ˼֣ȫȻӿ
䡪
ҵıըʱһɫĹâ˳˲ϯ׺Ͱǧ֮⡣
ˮײĺȻһͬһƬأȫĻޡ
ߣɫǣƮһ޶ϵŮӣվǰ
ˣڳˣ
һɼ⣬ʮǿң
ǳǸŮӣƣȴʮֵı䣡
ʱŮ͵һݣתĿȵĶ߲ԶǸɫ۵Ůӣ
ʦãȻ㣡ŮӾϲ֮ĺ


437 ѹ
ʦ㡭
ȫľǰһʵģİּϤǣ̫ĸ顣
ǰϤĴżֲɣݣǼ·鲻ԽĲ
ķӦǰŮӣѾѸٵĳߣȻ󼤶ĽڻС
һŨҵϲܰڿ֮ţ˵͵͵ĳǼЩ壬˵֮Ľ֮飬жộ
һ棬׺Ǳ΢΢ЦݵĿԷ˳ǧطĽá
ʦ㣬ٿ㣬ʦʵ̫ˣ㶼¸ˣʦ㣬λףȵ㣬Ҳȳҡ
Щ״ΣǾ˼ǺģǰŮĻ֮Ŀһƺ˲㽫Ŀⶨ׵ϡ
ȻĿ⣬뵽ĲԼжôĸмȻָмеģȴһеϣ档
ָоʵ͵İĸо֪࣬Щ˶ԼĲҪ˵ȴıԼҪĶ࣬٣ߣεĿ̺εĿġ
һ㣬ײӦĳܴϣ
£ҲһεĿģǰŮͶϣĿʱ΢΢һЦĵ˵ͷ
ŮƺǾϲϱޱȵ𾴺͸мַĵл⣬Եʮֵϡ
ǰΣʵ̫лˣʲôҪҰģܿڣҰǷǣԪɢҲΪ쵽ģ
˵
һֱ̬Ҳһ־ĺķĵлı
º͵ЦЦˣǽҲһУȻҵĺѣȻǵѣ㶼׵ѣߣȻҲҵǰȻˣЩ׵Ļ㲻Ҫ˵ˡ
˵Ļˡ
ģӡˣܵĻһᾡܶȳġ
ңҲ飬㲻ͰԪһȻ֪
ϸĽ͵
ԣʱ׸߿˼֣ʱ׵˵Ͱһ
һռӡѾǽһ
ΪӡߵʵԽǿΣԽǿǱаյһһ
ұ㲻ˣĻ˵ʲôͳˣǵãʱ˵ʲôһҪӣΪҵһԻ󷨻þ֮Ĺ̬̫ȶܹƻһҪע⣡
ڰ׻Щŵģ֮ǰ˱̫׷Щǡ
ȻŮƺӵ侲Ҳұ֤ʲôϸһ
һӡΪԷǷ޳ӡ֮УԷԼһĶĹ
ټϾµܱ䣬֪ĹЩʲô֮Ķ
ˣײòϸǰк
׵ĻŮӶǷϵġ
ֻǣȻʵȰǿ٣滹мָ߰ģȻǶ׸мҲֻǸмѣȴ
ڴӰ֪ԭ֮󣬶ڲǰڵףһֵĲš
ǱģǱΪһƭ˶Ӳûʲô̬ȣȻ֪׻ʵ˵ãǶڲǰڵף׵ʵôǿͿţ
ȻԼĸо׵ʵĲⲢܳΪɵԭ
ȻҲֻһɶѣ׵˵ǺͬģȴЩ̫Сˡ
Ҳе뷨ѣ׵Ļֻ֮ǵȻЦЦ֮дżֵϷʡ
ײûпŮӣⲢײ֪ŮӵĶ
ڸܵԴϷʵ֮ȻûҲֻͷЦ¡
ǣǿ˰϶ѣֻǼȻôεĻ飬вȫ̽ľ棬棬ʵײ뿴ġ
Ѿֳ嶯Ѫ̬˿ֻһ侲ǵϷʵֻЦһûȥƽʲô
Щˣǲá֡ĵģˣǱ㲻ۺڵĿԱ˼򵥵ķӡˣǿޱȵˣ
Ц֮Լ֪ȴԴˡ
һ׵ԳЦЦŮ˼ƽϣȷʵûʲô˼
ңҲȷʵˣûһ˻ţһǰڵˣʲôȨΪ
ͬ޽磬磬ʵΪʵȨʵӲ
ײûУȻƿ˷ӡ֮㲻ҪȻûʱ
뿪һռ䣬صɫĹǰʱѹûбСô˲١
ף΢΢һ֪֮һνĹ֮󣬽һµĵط
µĵطҲһ޴ĹأĹ֮е˵ʵӦñȰʵǿʮٱϡ
Ǵһƶϣױ㲻΢΢˼üͷ΢΢壬ɫĹ΢΢Ƭ̡
ʱ׵ı֣ڰУǽһųǵСıˡ
Դӱ׵ʵǳٵ֤ʵ֮󣬰֪ѾӶ׵𾴵ת䵽Ϸʶмĳˡ
Ȼмһ棬еģҲֻǳһǿ߶ߵĸмѣ뵱Ȼ뵽һľȳ֮ᴫԼǿĹҰͻơ
ڲ˽ʱźܶϲΪǵһеģͺñȴ˿̵İ㽫ô򵥡
Ҳˣʵǿ˰ٱȴȻǵڶץĹظӡˡ
ʱƺǰҲо˰ֵϷʵüͷʦ㣬㲻ҪһɲĿòãȻǰڣ˭涨ǰھͲӵгۺڵʵԷأͷӡǣ
ʦãʦ֪Ҳ˵ԷʵȻֻ磬ķۺڵĳǿߣôܺأһһòãȻж㲻ܽԼ뷨ǿӸҵϰգ
ЦŴ
ʶţЩΣȴû˵ʲô
ڰ˵СûĻȴҲ˵ʦ㣬Ρ
ͷܺͰȥһܵġ
ȻЩ䣬Щֵģȴûʲôͷԣ˻ףʵѾٸıһ㿴㿴Ҳֻһڴѡ
˽̸Ǣձû֮ǰôܰͿˣֻȻִ˼䣬֮ĸӦȴûʲôӰ졣
Ȼ֪˸ʲôô֣ǶҲܲµõ˶ʵϲƾ辭鿴˵ŮˣʵҲЩ
ʱֳ֪һʵסŮˣһʲôʲôþߵķ֮ôֻ޷ˡ
ʧڻþ浹ǲǺܿ£µƻĹص壬Ӷ޴ıըĻɾֵĴˡ
ԭѾ̽·ߺĿռѹ΢΢һЦṳ̂һת
ţ
Ůͬʱ΢΢㵡
ЦЦѹͽȻ󵽼ȻʧѹûԹǻ⣬ģһѹȸһ£õʱ⡣
ЦеģƺǲĿ⣬ȻĿ⣬ҲֻаԼЩס
΢΢һСĵƺͲ˰ɣǸѹǿô
Ȼ׵Ļмһˣ뵽Ĺز򵥣뿴׵ʵʵݸһЦ㾹Ȼģѹôܺѹһ£ʦãǳһ£½ȥҲиȫ׼
ЩҲ֪ҲʵɿЦŵðɣף㶯ְɡ


438 1
׵ЦЦֵĺȻ
ڰ뷨Ȼ֪ģȻײȥ֤ʲôĹΣķѹҲȷʵܴ󡪡ûĻ
ڰŮӵĿĻȻӰ֡
Ǵһȥǣ׶ҪŮ֪ʵ٣֪ױۺڵǿߣҪǿ̫ࡣ
Ϊ˱֤ԵİȫױҪκεΣնʧѿ״̬õֶΣȻǽԼʵȫչֳĻκεɺͽڶҪˡ
ʵõ֤
׵ЦݣмڴȻ֪ȷʵһʵȴΪ׵ʵԾϾڵʱû˵ʲôǰڵǿܺۺڵǿᲢ۵ġ
Ҳˣ׵ıֶôĲãʵıֳһ˿𾪺һ˿͡
ϾҲȷʵĶˣӣǲǷǡ
ȴֻǵЦţ˻׼ˣױҲ֡
ʱȫĵͶ˽ȥΪʵ֪ײûʲôȻڲ˼ǰ¡
׵أ˽һ״̬Ҳȫ˳˸о
һ̵ʱʹռƺ˼ֺ
΢΢һݣʱİ׵Ŀ⣬˼ء
Щɣ˿̵ףӦѾԿۺھˣǲΪױھأ
룬뵽׵ĹϵͬѰȻ֪׵ľʵҷŲǧ꣬ô׵ʵղٻɡ
ʱĸģҪúõԽѹΪ׵ƣѾء
ֻǣ뷨ȻãתȻҲȴûиᡣ
ܶ飬һҪеѵԵģˣȥ飬㲻ܳ־Եˡ
׵Ԫ񣬶ʱں֮䣬ͬʱ˶֮ĸȫ
Ϊػ꽣ԲػӦĴطѾȫĴԣѾȫƿˡ
ˣ׺ǧʮصľֲֻѹֻûκܵסױĳ嶯
Ȼǧʮص򣬵ȴҲûһѹ׵ʹǧʮص
򣬶ʱֵʱӴѹʱʹռ䣬
ΪĹ޽ѹ֮ⷨ󣬿ռȫŤصѹȻ˼ֲĳ̶ȡ
ۡ
һ̣Ѿ׼ʮ׵ȴʱȻ͵Ĺ˵ϣȫͬը˵ˮһѪ
ʱǱΪ׼ִ٣ʱİȫɲǼȫӴѹ飬ɫսϣѾ鲻
ȿȡ
ѵĲţϵĲѪϵķţ˼ǿϢ
Ǳ֮ȫ弸ȫѣƺһ˾֮ͨˣҲûеֿ֮
ʱŮУǺȻ֮ɫУȻ֮ɫ
һʱȡѹȣռ˲ָ
Ͱͬ˿һ㣬ȫɳȻڵϣ붯һˡ
ѹǶۺڵǿߵǶԣǷǳģ
ѹ֮£ֻҪٳȥֱӻᱻѹѹȶ
׶ȻҲǳľҲЩ֮УΪϾ޽磬һ淴Ŀռ䣡
ڶ԰Ҳ֣ȴҲЩƲѣȻҲЩǹġ
Ϊ̫֮⣬ԣҲҪһѪĥ
ȻѾܺˣڼ֮˵ԣѾϸˡ
һεѪȴڴŮʱҲڴѹ֮±
ȻЩһʱ֮䣬Ůֻ벻ģǵǻʱţǻ׵ġ
ˣ۶ԣֻҪԪʯ䵱ָֻҪԪ𣬾ͲˣֻҪϢһɡ
ߣ֮ǰҲȻȻȻѲߴһеļƷĹԪȻ࣬Ҳ٣ָƣҲٺò
׼򵥵ĳ֮󣬱ûٶ˵ʲôֻվɫĹԱߣ˼ŻԼ֮·ϵΣա
Ͱȴ˻ָԵ˼֮С
һսͺñһǾӣݺݵĽԴѣ
ڰԣĿģжٷЩм
Ȼû뵽һ㣬ǶףҲ˼־ˣֶΣǰڵʵȴ˲佫ɱһ㣬𾪡
֮󣬱ǳ˼
˼֮󣬱۷
ǵģ۷һ֣ȫ۷ˣΪƣȫţʵףӦŲߵʵȻˣĻȻе
ңѪȣҲðȫ˹
ѹȻܿǰʲôһҪôȥԣ
Űʱң˶ָϡ
ʱױѾ׼ýĿ֮ˡ
ף֮ǰ飬˵Ĳԣģ֮󵽽˾ȳ֮ǰ˵ʲôһӣ˵
΢΢ͷʶһͳɣ߰ɣǵýȥʱ򣬵һʱ䷴ѹȻҿΪǵѹѹȣǶĻİգҪȥжϣ
һ˲䣬ھƵİʮֵҪûа취Ǹ˲̫飬ǵֿסѹ֮˲ҪעܵĹͿ
˲κεĳɣºݺݵĵ˵ͷ
ʱ׼齻ϣҲȫĻָ״̬ʱȵ˽ȥ
˲䣬Ҳԥ˲ȥ
ɫĹȻ䷢һŤռһĹâĹâ֮£ռƺȻ䰵˼֣ʱױоռ䷢˾޴ת䣡
ʱ˲Լӳ1024صȻѸٵĿʼѹҲڲϵı仯
ֻ̣ױܵʹѣ׵ģȫͶ뵽һϣǱǶΧͻİպͶΧĹĶĹ۲졣
һΣԵĸоĲѰΪеĹһֳƶĸо
ѹȻȻ併٣Ȼʧˣ׵¶΢һ£ԵмǱ
ͰȻ֮ǰܹѹĿ飬ʱȻˤ˵ϣ֮֮ǰǰģ˿ֻˤһӣԵúùˡ
ڱѹѹڵصʱлԸ֮̾ǰһθǿѹĿ飬Ĺ֮УֻҪԲ˶ˡ
Ĺ֮УĹ֮⣬Ĺ֮ⱻˣ㲻ʲôĹڲѪ֮ʱ󷨱ըǼΣյ顣
׿ܣüͷһֱߡ
һε㣬һƬհףʹ׵У˼ء
ܣǻɵ죬ɵĵأлɵƲ㣬ײٶɣ˵ߣ뿪Ĺ˵Ĺ̫Σգûκΰգ
˵գʱĿռȥ
Ȼ뿪ĹЩѣģǶģ⡪һġħںϡ
ԣҪ뿪ȻͬмΣգ֮зĸоԣȴǺõ̫ˡ
š
ͰûκεĻɣ׵
׵ʵƣѾûκεĻˣ֮ǰܵĹصѹûѣ֪ԼΣ֮ˡ


439 2
˲󷨵תȻһֵ⿪֮УʹԵЩֺʹ̼
رǲ֪İǾЩһľĸоֻǸоߵİ׵ǿţ뵽׵ֶΣҲżšԥĸ׵
һ£˵û֮ǰ۷µĻһ̣˵˳ĹصĻȻΪûִ͵ȻӵĿἸ֡
ڵ£Ϊ׵ֶ򣬶׵жϺҲٺЩ԰ûз£ʼЩäĿˡ
һ㣬ҪЧ
ĹȻʮֵΣգҲֻ׵ѣȻ֪ܳɹĿѾɣﵽ˽߳ɵĳ̶ȣǽ߳ɵĳɹʣǶĲ
׶ԣע飬ûгٷ֮ʮŵĳɹʣҲȥԵġ
ĹؼȻΣյĻʧܵĽأҲ̫⣬ΪأײŲò˳
ںֱ֮ӵƿķӡ󷨣ȻҲֻǷӡ󷨶ѣȻﵽ˾żƷ󷨵ĳ̶ȣǿһݵζһ׻ǿ԰쵽ģ
̬֮иıˣŶٷ˼֣ŶսǺ£ʮҪģĹؼʱ̣ױʹһֶάȨȨ
Ͱٵĸ׵󣬶ʱάֵ󷨣ڿռŤ򿪽Ŀռ֮ŵʱҲ漴󷨱һĻþ
ֻþҲǲ󷨵˵һ˼棬ҲǵĵһֶζѣܴǱҪġ
һ㣬ȻҲ㵽ˣ֮û˵Ҫ԰Ͱ˽һ飬ֿ飬εжĳɰܣźܹؼӰ졣
ײûгѣֻڻʼһɲǣȻΣֶİգӳԼϣȻ㾲
Ȼ󷨶˿飬ȻҪֹΪΪ𲻱Ҫ鷳
˵ʲô󷨻þʵ̫ˣΪ˽һܻɽЩþͬɽһģûκεĺ
׶Լʹ򣬶һǿʹͬһ޴ɽһȻôˮϣȻ
ڼ֮վĸо˸оʮֵǿʮֵϣȻ̺ĺصĸоȴǴ˿̴ڻþ֮еİ˿Ըоġ
ֻǾ˿̣þ֣ߵĹֻߵĽ֮ѣǵǸʼִᣬڶѧĺȵȣþһ㡣
Ŀ⵭ȻһзԼߣüͷûһ¡
˿̣ȴмãĿǰǰʲô֪Ժ֮УģӦĵ׵ܡ
ױŮӸоãĵ׸߰ŮӣһǲϲģˣһģŮӣ׶޲ȥȼȻЩʲôʫԻһζΪܲȻЩǰһЩԶѣףȻĵˡ
ֻǴ˿̣ȻŮڻþ֮ٿһֱõȴڴ˿ֳ̱Ϊ侲֮ɫһ㣬ȴѵá
Ů˱ӡģ㶼ʧ˱ԡ
׵Ȼ̾һȻԼԪ֮ͨϵܻԪ˵ĲúͰӽȻ͸˽ȥ
֮Ԫȶγһ壬˵Ԫܻɽһ˵Ԫ񲨶Ȼ֮
ңִᣬȻûо֮ĶȴһѧʿһЩе֮Ĳż̵о˿̵겨ʵҲǵġ
һͨһġ
ܻԪ񲨶Ȼӯ˰֮С
ʱ򣬽֮еʱײźȻ䷢֣ǰĻȫĸıˡ
ʱ񻷾ѾΪ˰ΪĿ̹ǵĻ
ɽˮƣи߸ߵĸɽΡĳǳأҲɷޡ
һɰŮӣ̤ƣƮƮ˵Ŀ֡
շţһӣ֮㺣ʵǼģΪ׵ԪܸӦ֮㺵Ľ
ȻһתӺͰõĳ涸Ȼ׵Ԫ֮Уֻõļĳ棬ԼЩȻĶΪֻ棬ʵ̫ˣ˵ң̫Ѫˡ
ֻǣԪתΪԪ񲨶ʱĸܵ˰˿ƮƮȻĸооֱ̫˼ˡ
һֱ˳ĬΪҲܸоĵĶӵϲ
Ȼܿ죬ȻתȴǱĿ죬˫˸ɫĹ֮ĹΣȻںͰõʱ򣬺ݺݵĳȡŰڵڻͼƳΪһö˫޶¯
׺Ȼľȴ޷̵ֹķ
ǰ޾ʧãӣӳ˺ܾá
Щ֮Уе¶ʺɫģΪЩӣļֻжӵޣͶӵɱ¾
ӣһֱӡʱ򡭡
ǲϵı仯ȻһйȥʱױΪѹȴֿ̣ʼظ
ǴͷһƺþھÿһʹࡢΪãܡ
޷̣ôľ磬ҲԶ̶ͣȣ˿Ĵˡ
΢΢̾ϢȻԪһ̣ȻܻΪ˰ԪȻԪںϳΪһ
µ壬ʹ׸оĺǸӣǺȻһ˸񱻷һ˶һˣһŮˣ˼Ȼͬ
ùĸо
΢΢Щ뷨ָ侲״̬һмٴεķǸФơٴ׸оȻûκεĿ֮

ФĺţȴϿʼ˶
Ȼʱ׵ЦЦԪȻϯŰԪȻģһԪĹʽȻʽҲֻԪĸӦϣĹ
ʱĹЧġ
ڰ뷨֮УʱǱһδ֪Ļ֮һȫ޷
ˣȫʵȻȫıסˣȫ޷ãڣΪϲǸӣ޷ǰ
ʱȻֵĿһǸһ𣬲һЩ֣ƺͬƵġ
ΪһФԵòֱӵ˹ȥ
Фƣҵ¯ôŮЦ
ԭ֮ӺȻüЦŵȻ㷢ˣߺߣ˸ãӻҪֶ
˵ţЦ
ʱŮȴǺȻЦһţһĵâȻͬᴩһԽ޾ĺڰҵ̵޷˫ۡ
ͬʱĹâֱӵĽФȫķ顭
͡
Ŀռ䣬ƺʱҵ˿ʱԭѹѹЩʵĸоʧˡ
ҲˣԭƺƵĸоҲȫʧˡ
͵һȫ˹ʱŷ֣ԭĵ׵ĺ⣬˵Ǹ˺ۣڲѾȫʧˡ
ľϵĽʹðȫ̥ͬһʵǿİһľϽһĻ˿̵ʵȻˮǴߡ
ƺ˲֮ǰԼֶΣĵ𾪿֪
ңΪףķĵһһ㣬Ǿ׵ԪԪںϵʱǸФƣҲˣףȴǡ
ĵܣԶҲ˵ȥȻĻ
뵽Ȼ̧ͷ˿ףȴЩεĽĿͶĵطֻرܵʹðƺʲôһ㡣
֪ЩЦá
ΪԪͰںϵĹϵõ˽һ׵֮£ԴԪ˳֮ײŷ֣ԼȻһǣҵĸоˣֻҪһĵʲôް취ף
ͺ񣬶ԷȫΪԼƵһöһƺԼһͷܽĨɱ
ĸо׻ЩϰߵģңΪ˼̫ǿ֮ǰЩִĳЩƬһֳ˿̾ǲʱԺ֮гֻ֣Щơ
벻ԪĶĸӣһַϢԷ޷ĽԷԪ֮УôҪƱˣҲѰɣֻϧ㷽̫ڸӣֻд˵귨򣬲аɡ귨򣬲Ǻ޼ô
ȴǵȻƽġ
ЩСŮһԹ׶ܹȥѣ뻹ǽ뷨ѹͺҲֱ֪ܵɽþĶٵôӰԵʡ
ʱ򣬰ҲѾ˹ױץסᣬֱӽռ֮ȶ˿һ㣬ֱӵ뿪ڷĻ֮С
󷨿ռ䣬˽ģĽɫĹ֮һĹ֮ء
ճ׶ʱһѹΣգʤΣյĸо
Ĺ֮һ˲жϵ
׵ı˲ͰҲ˲׼
жϵһ̣Ѿʼ


440 3
һε㣬ױֵʮֵأ֮ǰȻٶЩģΪ˱֤ЧʣԲû̫ȥ㡣
Ͼⷽ棬ȥĻķѵʱ䣬޷ơ
ǵִһ߶Ҳ˵
׵˼ȫĳڶĸ֮У㣬ͼĿռںϣǶɢϢâĸ
ʵḶ́ͺñһִܽܵԺܾǰ̫һģʵ̫ĹߵϵʱѾǺܾǰˣ׵㣬ʵҲƵʣǾǽܿռ䴫ݳȥܾõѶϢǶѶϢиܣֱӶѶϢܻУ۲䷢չ״̬
Ҳ˵ڻȡѶϢʱ˳ΪѶϢӪһĻѶϢ֮ǰĻ޼Ļܻ֮δķչЧȻʵķչȫͬǾҲķչ޼
ķȻҲԲˬһΣĹصʱȷʵûѡֻΪб֤ķʽȥ㡣
Ͱˣ˿ȻûʲôΣգҲͬʱĸܵѹֺϵգжĹصķӡ֮ˣҲ²⣬˼㣬˱䵱ػΡ
˾֮ǰһϵо˿̵ıֻ֣ʮֳɫݣ٣һ̵ı֣ͺǲ
׵֮УֵĻܼ򵥣ֻһƵƺ㵽ģһԴʥһ
ҲûͬԤķѺܶʱ䣬㵽ֻ֮ʧˣ׵㣬Ҳ˽
ѹƣӦǿˣǱӡ˵ƣҲʵ˵ˣ
ȰͰҪǿܶۺڵǿߣ֪ʲô̶ˣڴ
˵ȴǱ
ˣĹȻȽҪһΣǺͱĹܻͬģҲ˵ǼסǸӦ꣬ȫȷġ΢΢һЦ˵
Ͱ׵Ļû˿ԥף׼׵ĵǲ
ԤҪ򵥼֣ǵжϱ㲢̫ҪˣȻҲԳжһ£ǿ֮߳ҪģǰģҺܲϣÿһζҪչһʵҪϿɣ
׵Ȼ˵
ͰЩ졣
޾ķĹ֮Уеһȥ
ԽǸĹʱ򣬱ԽܸоǿߵϢ
ƼͨĹǰ棬ҲԥֱӵĿ󷨣ӡ󷨣Ҫ룬ѶȲ
׶Ĺ󷨣Ѿȫԣᳵ·£һʮֵ˳
ֵȻһˮɫĹײģΨһĲͬǣ߹ײĵĴС֮֮ǰװͰĹײĴ˽
͸ײģ׿ĿǸмаӡ
ɫĳǳɫսףһ˫ȻţȴȻ˸ŵɫεӣϽüĿȧǺͿĶͷòЩ΢΢Ծ
էۿȥᷢĵľʮֵа죬ϸȴֻûĸоаԾЩɵ
Ҳףﵽ۾磬ٻЩ֮ΪԽֵ֮ȻԽأҲĴܵĴ½ĵԭ򣬾ʵȱһɵġ
ܸܵǵɫսǾľ˵ĹܵǿҵıԵʱһһսĳ嶯
׻ǽ嶯ѹһƶʱķˮײ֮ϡ
ƽĽˮײϵĳȻĵϵˮײĹעͬʱҲڿܻЩ
ɫ͸ˮײĶʱͬʱײҲʼĲ
ʱ̣ͰҲǼĿ죬ͬʱԷΪ׼ӳһػ
ˮײľҵĲ׵ƿҲӿ
׵ĸоͺñ޾ľ˵ʱдĸоһƺʱ̻ᱻ޾ľû
ȵĳ̶ȣԻĵƷʵ鱦ˣֻھУ׻Ȼ
ͷϵĺˮһεεĵ䣬Ȼڻû䵽ʱ򣬱ĵϢɣȻʧΡ
̲ϵĳţȻ䣬Ĺ͵һ
ʱռƺȻˣˣȫûκ죬κεĶ
Ȼ䡪
ˮײľҵıը޴ֱӷĹܿ񱩵ļ˳ȥ޴ĢƣƺɲǼ
׵ɫȻһ䣬˴Ķֻǻ˲е󷨣Ȼʹе󷨲ը
ĵһһӰȻ׵ĸ
ʱ׼һѹ󷨣һµʱɫӰȥ֮ӰȻһƬ޴ĺڶһĺɫԨ
ɫԨ˲佫ľɵС
Ȼ󡭡ռָƽһжǴûзһ
̣Ȼľȴ˾вУ٣Ͱı飬֤ʵһ㡣
ӣ˶ˣäĿİи̾
漴ɫս׵ӣѾվǰ
ѣ˴ȣмǹأ˳𡭡
ؼ򵥵Ľ͵ûǰһ׵ʵ͹ǺܳϿҵĵл
΢΢ͷԴĵˣ˴ױΪ˴¶飬ѯʰס
˵꣬΢ĺһ
ʱײŷ֣ͰĹ˵ϣƺȴŹصѵʾء
ֻǺŮ˼ۣȻһ΢΢㵣ȴȻĵ˵ͷ
ŮʱмվҲָ˱ǹƣƺȫ
׵ѣʲôҪģ˵ɣԹص˸֤κĹأҾޱִУ
΢΢һЦʾĬ֮󣬱תִһռ󷨣߳Ĺء
˶ʱȻһͬ߳Ĺء
֮ȻٴεĻص˽ɫĹߡ
һأȴĹԱ
ȻԣȴҲûԥػ׵ߡ
׳˼Ƭ̣˿ɫĹƺмֵĳԵͼֻƬҡҡͷ
߰ɡĹӦöѣ֮ǰ˳Ǹ֮⡭
׼򵥵ķԸһעҪ㣬֮ŹĹ֮С
̵ĽУʦֵܽǣһˣѾȡ
һĹأȻмΣգȴ׵ľ׼صĶɹ֮£ҲȫĽˣڶ߹ۻظ˳
ˣһֱҵĺӣ͹мƣԸȴƽ׽ˡ
ߣѾȳߴͽҲ϶ȳˡȻߴûհֵܽõͽȴǵɴһģ԰븸ʦĸ顣
һУѾ䵽ʮˣ׺Ͱ֮⣬ˣѾľ˳
ʣһ֪һǿߡ֮һϴˡ
ˣӦĹأײѲ²⵽ʵϣʣõĹأҲֻһҲûаյǸĹء
˿̣һʮˣڽɫĹţȻ࣬ȴûκ˷һƬš
ô֮еؽסѯʵ
ѣղҪǿоԮĻģĻˣɡε
ҵ϶תռɹмɣʵ
ɣһ֪ѡĹصַȷȷĹѡˣԱ㡣
˵ʣѡĹĹ¡
׿Ц˵
㿴вУҺ϶ۻؽӳִݵϣ㣿˼ʵ
ⷽвͨɣиõİ취
üͷ壬ŽɫĹ


441 4
ܱ𾴵ˣʵǲ˵һǷǳǿġ
֮ǰж֮У׶϶ʵѾһʶҲ֪ǽƾ轣ԼеκһλûбʤİգõĽֻҲıƽȵĵز
Ȼʹ֮Ȼˡ
϶ʵǷǳĿֲģϾ̺Ĺʵ̫ǿ
֮еλʵˣǶϴҲһĪľη
һ㣬ѿϴʵһǳı̬
һԲĸ֣Ҳ˵
˵ŷϣۺʵΪһĻ׼򵥵ķһ£ôܿܣлѰʵ㣬˵ʵӦĲ㣬ĪԵʵӦ㣬׵ʵӦڰ˲ңν϶ʵӦ߲㣬ϴӦôﵽʮ㡣
ȻвΣֻǼ򵥵ıϵһھĵȼǲü򵥵ġ
жЩɵԭ򣬱Ҳ
˵ϴʵǿʢȴΪͬıӡ
ǱӡӦò᲻òٿˮײİɣ
ЩǣΪĹأʵЩÿһĹһɹŹֵһ׾Щò⡣
ĹأǿտҲǾţƺͨĹһƺûʲô⡣
ռ䶼һգգ׵һˣɫȻ֮
ˣְɣǸ׼ãۻ׼öԸռ쳣עռͰˣע쳣ɣʱ־裡Ҫյľ򣡡
׿տĿռ䣬ǳŵ˵
Ĺȷײûаա
Է꣬㣬ĹصĹ򣬻ǶڿռϢоûκΰ취ȡΪõϢ
֪һΣƾģֻԼıܣ
ңҲţϴӦǲôŶûŪʲôġ
ԼƿĹΪ۵ĵطϴ󣬾Բܱӡ޷
ģҲġ
ϴһһӡ֮öԷԼһ㣬ԷĻӪȹȻټȥǵˣһ
֪Ϊ֮Ӣۣɵơ
ʲôҪмֵ
ģռ棬Һ϶УҪʲô㾡ܷȥǣ˵
΢΢˵ͷת
ʱռѾȫĳ׵ǰ
ǰľɫѹ֮дһɱѤգ֮Уƺʲôһ
оһֻڳ˯֮еľޣʱ΢ĺһ
ϢȫΪǿĵزȻԪϵ֮С
ϸĸӦеĹأСĵƿž޴ܻΪķɽС塣
ﵽػ꽣Ȼ򽣣˿̣Ȼûʹõػ꽣ĹʽȴȻĽƽֳһݣ
һɽȻ֣ǹˣסʮֵĳԾˣǳ׵ıסˡ
Ȼ˰֮⣡
ܻķɽ֮ĶⲢ˲Ϊ֮УֻҪ۾ĸ֣֮Сܶ˶ģⲻΪ֡
ֻǣǰ𾪵һɽÿһɽЯž޴ĿֲƺԶһһ㣬ɭ䣡
ˣһɽȻ仯Ϊһ׵ʱÿףͬſۺڳǿߵʵʱֱ̬ʵˣ
ֱ仯⻯ѾǼ򵥵Ӱǹ۵ˣÿ˶֪ӦǷķÿһٶӵбپųϵĹ

˵۹⣬׼ֲˡ
Դ콣ľ֮󣬵ؽĸְ壬׶Ѿȫģˣڵػ꽣һķ֮Ҳȫƿ
򡢻ӳ֮£һҲõ˼Ĺ̡
˿̣ʹֶΣȻΪҫΪ˴һȥƽеķĹ
֮ǰȻǲȥģڣʣһ֮ĹҲû̫ģ£ƴľеʹͬһжȻɹԴˡ
ȻΪΪ壬ֳɵÿһϵʵٶЩǷȱҲûа취֮еõİ취ˡ
ײԥһʱ鲼һĹȻͬһʱ̣һͬʱʹνġħ
Ĺصػ󷨣ﵽǿޱȵľżƷ۷ĳ̶ȣܿɹģһͬʱֵ˲䣬ײԼĸо󷨣ȻһΪ׵󷨣
һ漴оܺҡ
춼æȻΪ壬£ؽķ򶼿ˣձִ˼ˣ
˵ͬʱΪˣ֮Ĵ
һͬʱһĨĹâͬʱ˾ͬһ㣬Ʋת󷨣󷨣Ǳȵȣȫһģһ
ڿ󷨵ֶκ͹̣յûһ˿Ĳ
֪˷ĹǺΣյģͬһʱ俪еķĹأ
׵֮УֿܱûΣգȻĲȷأҲһ㣡
׿Կ϶ģֻܾȳϴ󣬵ײ̫϶ģǿȷķĹ֮ЩķĹ᲻ķը
˵ģһ̱úܽ׸ˣ
ʱһĹȥһĹأƺ˲俪
ʱ׺Ȼһ£ȻȻ䣬еķʧˡ
Ϊʱ͵һɼֲĸоͺȻԾԵĻĩһо񴥶
һݣʱ֪ȥôǼСʵԣݣ
ˣ׵ϣϷ˶Щļϣһ˲ˡ
Ϊ׵󷨵жֻСĵ룬ǿƻںϵʽģһжϣʲôɡ
ˣ״˿Ѿ԰ףͷ϶ĺ鲻Ĺڵϡ
̣ʱܶݣȻûмȥĵķ棬ȴѾ˵ˡ
˿֮״ĹضԼ˵ʱʱ䶸
֮Ĺ֮УȻһĹȻ˳Ȼ˲ա
֮ͬеһƵľףը׵ȣһѪ
еǿǳͨĹʱȻը˿޴ķŵڿţҵɢ˹ȥ
׿ΣɫȻһһɱӰѸٵ˹
ӴĹˡ
ֻǣʱ򣬹ضȻѾ˳ȥۻҲȻŷ˳ȥ
ѸٵûǾ޴֮Уȴ˲䱻˻УѪ
˸оʱ򣬾˵ģ˹ȵ׵ʱ򣬿жȻֳһ͸ˮײġ
ˮײ֮УһͨΣţɫƽ֮ϵϢҲʮֵƽ͡
ֻڴ˿̣һӣˮײĶʱʧȻƺһ㣬ץգԭƽһУȴʹռƺڶʱȵľ޴󣬾ͬ˾޴ĺڶһȫʧˡ
һУƺôļ򵥣
û֪˿׵УǶôĺȻ
զˣ׸Ͳ뵽жôǿ
Ǵ˿̣ײ֪Լǿǧ򱶣ֻ¶ܱ
ˣѾӦòܰɡײв²⵽


442 ɱ֮ս1
һۣеǿߣۻصˣ׶һжϳǵľʵġ
ǰλ꣬ɫƽȻվһĶƣƺ˾ֶεľĸо
رһµӣ޷ӡ
˵ʵȫĿ͸ΪˣײȵĻɶԷʵۺڣ𾳽磿
漴뵽ԷĻӦòᱻĹˡ
Ϊˣ뵽вһۺڵʵȻܴﵽֵز
л˼˼ʱǳ֮ݣ˲˼ڴβֹױǴڴ͵״̬
Ŀ峺Ȼһǰ֮лǴŶһǿߵ𾴡
һ㣬ȻҲûʲôһѺõĳ׵ͷʾ⡣
°ݼˡ
ʱ򣬰ۻعڵһоˣǷ׷׳̬ȼĹ
϶Ҳǻ˵һף˵ֵ֮䲻˿ôǶɣЩ꣬Ҳûܿࡣ
üͷ΢΢壬ƺǲ˵
ֲƺϾ˿ռ֮Уʹһоĸоѹ
죨磩˵ǡ
ȻվȻ󹧾վһߣжӵʿڵȴŽһ㡣
ţǶˣλСѵĹͰɣ֪λСôƺ
΢΢һЦʱռֱƺռһб仯ܱоֹȾ
ˣףһε黹дһ£
ײΪ֮ǰ˽͹ԭ˿ּƣʵ϶ʵˣЩ鷴Ӧý
ȫһ֮ĺһԣ£޳ʱҲûκεѡ
ˣ˵ʵȻǿȴһĶ֣
ԣΪ˶ڱӡ飬̫⡣
׵Ļ΢΢˼Ƭ̣ȴûзŭΪ͵Ŀһ۵˵ĺܲ
ʵϣҹصʵҲֻǽӽۺڴԲѣľ룬ȴкԶ
ǻΪ˼飬мұ˵һ¡
ȣ׵˵ǺȷģΪҪΪȾҪ۾ԲԲһνԲеġ
ȷ˵˿̵ףʵӦԺ϶ȼ˰ɣ
ţ˵ļԣۻز׵ʵ֮ۻصϲ磬ҲһĳϿҡ
˵ͷһǻ֣ʵҪˣͲˡ
ÿһ־磬ֻǼ򵥵ľеģҪϵĸ򣬾ֻһܣֻǲϵĽƳΪȹ̵ıݣܳΪ̵ĸ
׵ľ磬ڻֻǰ۷״̬ǰڵԲ֮ǰÿһصľ磬Ӧö˽ʮϣŬ˺ʵ
ˣܿԽľ޶ӵǿʵ
ԹԵ˵ţ˿ûע⵽׵ĹŹֵ
ȻʹӰĽ֪֮׵ʱ䣬˴˿ҲһĹŹ֡
ҪﵽˮɵЧһֻеۺڵľ۷״̬
ʱѾˣΪʱҪӻʼĻҪķѵʱ䣬޷ơ
ҪǴӿʼͿʼʶĽоӦĻιںϵĻôԺḶ́Ҫ̫ˡ
ԡţʲô飿
زʵ
ۻرȽϺʱҲ亹ΨΨŵŵĵ磬˵ˣŲǧ갡ô̿أ
ţǧꣿǧľ磬ܲʲôǧ겻
͵ĵɴ۾ǲ˼顣
ԣǧ꣬գۼѣǧܴ˳Բɳǰڣʵֲ̫ˣ
ٶȣʵ̫ˣ츳ġ
ضѾ޷𺳵ˡ
˵Ҳ֪ЩһƭģҸҪǣܸܵ׵ַԹۡ
ΪҪǣ׵һ֮Ʋһеʵԣ
ȻȻ˿Ϊ˶㣬ʹľǧߵģЩ˵ĽȴĹ֮УҲصı޳֡
ľǧߵģҲ˼֣Ǵһ㣬Ҳ㵽ľǧߺһǶʱ⣬Ƕ³ֳȻʲô˵
ãܺãʵǺðҵҲ˺ܶˣ
غȻЦ˵Եúǿģ׵Ŀ⣬Ҳһֵ𾴡
ţȻױȽϵġš̬֮ǰĻҪ
һ֮⣬ڶǣѵǶûлɣҵʵԷʵ
Ϊʲô׾ͱӡأ
ңҪӡΪʲôֵĻᶼûУ
۾һغȻЦǶ뵽ģΪҲǹġ
Ҳ֪ԷʱĿģҿʱҾ;ֵεģ˭ֶҵıĻôҪԸңȻûз֮Ǻʵġ
ʵȴʵȻǿ󣬵ǻôһģȻˣҲףȻǷʲô֪ʲô顭ΪʱңʱҲ֪ٽԣڼʱѾԼĸоӹѵģӦþŮӡ
ΪˣҲûӡǵʱ򷴿ǰЭһУ
Ȼ̣ҲǲƽģˣǱ˶ȥȴǺ̫࣡
˵صŶ˼Ȼء
룬Ҳˣȷʵûа취ð취ˡ
ʱ֪޳ˣȴ֪ԼĽѣ粻ȱۣȴȱֵܵѵԲۣԡ
֮ǰһֱ֣Ϊʲôһӡôõλߣ뿪ӡ󣬽ƾҵһ֮ʣڷӡȫĲɺˣԭԭ򡭡
ȻһҪһ£Ȼһ£ΪĽͣӦ£Ѿ֪ѾĬˡ
˵һұ϶Ļô֮ǰĹصǸ˲䣬ķĹʱһ̵һ°ɣ
첻ûбӡʵϣѾƿռеķĹ󷨣ڱҪʱûңҲܽǺ׵ľȳȥ
Ϊˣ޷ӡԷ֮෴лмӡ˰ѶȹĽѡ
׷ϸزɺοĵ˵ͷʾһԡ
ʱ򣬰˲ŻȻԭһġ
õ˹ص׿ϣټϹصλȻֱ˸߿˲١
ģܵĶԴȻҲͬһ㡣
飬򵥵Ķˡ
Ȼ˿̳ȥ޳ڣҪģҪȻص˵
ʱ׼ţԷӦѾ׼׵ˣһо͵ǻȥ顣
ƻ𽥵ĸˮ棬սĻ
֮УǹˣǰˣףŬĻָţ̵ʱڣָѵ״̬
ʱ䣬ʱȻһεĴŲƣɰֳֵģ𶼱Ӧġ
Ųƣֱӵıʹһʮһ˲ĻصǵѲߴ
ѲߴѾһˣǵķߣѾȫ
ԷлѰĪԵˣھغţȴ׵˳ɹ
ɱ֮սݡ


443 ɱ֮ս2
һսԷ׼˺ܾá
֮ɱԼһֵˡ
ȻΪһֵˣȻҪߵĹ
ԭֵ֪Ĺ̵ʱػЩģϾ׼ȫĴһԲ״̬ʵϾֻǰڡ
ǵ˽⵽ǻʱر˽⵽ױܿ޾ѹʱݵģȫûˡ
սҲûб̫ĳɹϣ
ϾԸûκġ
һΣƺĹѾ׵
ڰ˻صǵʱսԱѾȷЩ˰סԷĪԡŷϣлѰԼߴʹߡ
ߴʹߣǰһˡ
ΪսҪԣ˼ʵȻȴǺлȻ˴Էõķӡ֮С
һƬ޽޾ޡ
ﵽǰڵԲ֮ʵϣ磬޽磬ʵǷǳǿġ
Ҫǣﵽ֮һָоǾǣֻҪ񱬷ʵԵĳ˵
ף𣬻ʹѾ׼׵
ԭȵļƲߣѾģ׵ȥ𣬶ֱùأԷ
ȻԷһҲڱѡ֮С
Ҫ飬˿̱ǵȡ
ȴĹ֮УۺڵǿߣҲҪһ£ؼע
ǰ֮УһѾֿվγһķ羰ߡ
٣ơ޺еǣǺһȺˡ
ԷʱͷȫںΪһȻȻڿռ֮У̧ͷȥȻģһöɫĻ棡
ö棬׵ĺݺݵһ£Էʵ࣬Է˿еĺɫ棬ֱ̺޷ġ
ɫĻ棬һ磬Ȼ޾ĺڰĿռ䡣
Ȼ
һ޴ľ׺Ȼ쳹֮䣬ʱ磬ʼҵĲţرɫ
¡¡
֮ѹһЩ֮еǣʵģ˲ݺݵˤڵϣһЩѪɫɥ֮ޣʱƺӵķ񣬸ӵ˷ܣǵĶӵĺӵĿݡ
һҺ֮쳹֮䡣
ʱ޾ʼˡ
һһۻ䡣
ǣЩ׵˶ԣȻУȴû⡣
ЩҪģǴۣ
ճޣȴ޷׵˵Ϊʱûг֣Է󷨣ֶΣɱޡ
Ŀ£ʱһֱţֱʱ֮պȻһ㣬һ޴ĺڶ
ڶ֮УһɫӰȻ˳Ȼһ̣ʱһ˵壬һ˭Ҳû뵽˵֮С
ˣĪԡ
鷢һ̵ʱ׵ģݺݵĲһ£ɫȻˡ
Īһܲˣ޷ϵģֻ֮
ıԣ˵֮ǰĪۣȴһĴڣڣ޳һ档
ԭû뵽һ㣬ڣ֪ĪֿܵҲ޷ֵ޳ɵġ
Ȼ棬ֻͣ˶ݵƬ̣ĪԵ˫۱ȫı仯ˡ
һ˿мЦݣĿ⣬ͺñ࣬ڿҧһڵСڷٵ·һ㣬Ϸʡ
˵飬Ȼ
պѹ֡
ûΪʱжʤ㡣
ҲûΪ۾ǿʲôΪ
𣬶ǴԲ۾۴Բĸ֣ȴʮǧ
ˣλּı޽
磬޽磬Ͻķϵ磬ת䣬ǿֶΡ
˲䣬˶Ĭˣ࿴˶ԷһۣÿУĳĬ˵һ֮ض֮
ңս֮ױÿ˶һ֣Ҳ˵һ˶֪ܣҪļƻȴûжΪҪļƻѾȱʵϣȴûжۣҪ¡
ң׵ݣһܣʹԷ֮⣬ûκ֪Ȼ˳⡣
һ㣬Ψһһơ
ԷΪССļıھԵʵǰʵ̫ˣ
ĪԿ˵ˣżֳŪĲмҲżɭ֮Ȼȴ˾ãⲻӦһеֶΡ
޳ΪССļı𣿡ԷҲЦˡ
޳ռĪԵģ̲סٴεĸӦһռ꣬ûκʱ򣬲ЦܳɹҲͲֵһĻˣߣɱŮ㻹ǲѵãһевһˣ
ԷֻЦ˿˫ûĶ֡
ƺΪ׵ʶȤһ㣬޳ֻͷһѹɫȽ嵭ŹĶħ΢Ц
ѹ£Էڣ˶ɫף΢΢š
ֻǣһ֮Уһ˵Ĳ;⣬Ǽٵģˣס
Ĺؼڲλľ֮ߣԶԶĳԽ𣬴ﵽ֮ȻǺƬģձ󣬱ȾױȲѹ
ҲûбֳҪĳ룬ڱҪʱʹΪЧ
˿̣Ҳͨһڱͨ۶ӵĲ
ƺ˵־⣬޳ȻЦأʵҲֻǲѣҪĻһҲɱˣǲҪκε룡
Ȼף㾡ɱҲûõģܴӲλ޳ôܲע㣿򣿺ô
Էɫһ˲һ㣬ƺ޳һУѾɫޱȡ
ֻǣ޳ΪʱԷȴǺȻף֣
ɫһʱȴ֮ĪԵ壬ȻҵȻѸٵͶʱһ޴Ľ
ʱǳٵ˿ռ֮е󷨻㡪Ǭ󷨵ԷĬĬ׼£һʵѾɣ
ĪԵ壬ȴѾڲ֮䣬׵ĪԵԪҲѾ׵Ԫƿأȡʶ
⣬һʵʵľֶѣô򵥣
׵㣬Ȼף޳ˣȻҲѡһΪȫԪ
Ϊȫģ˵벻ģĪԣ
˵޳ʶĽĪԿ񻯣Ȼ˽һԵ׶ѣ
ĪԵѪѾֶ֮һֻǣܣֻǺԷԽѡ
ңǽҲԪƿصģںܣһƻʧܣϢᱻѸٴԪ֮Ĩ
޴Ǭ󷨣Ȼ޳ԪĪԵۣʱ򣬱һ޴Ρ
ʹְɣ׵Ȼ˵϶Ȼһ춯صƣ
ƣѹⶫһֱѩţûʹ
ûУⲻײᡣ
ȷʵµλ治ͬⶫһģ
ƱҪģǾԵ֧֣׵ʵȷ֮ʱ䣬Ҳ޷ӣ
Ҳӣ
ȫıˣûг֡
ŲգĿ˲ϵĹâ
ϴ˿ɢƣѾԿˣľ磬ǾԵİԾصġ
޳ѵΪ֮ϣô
׵Ȼ˵ĿⶸȻ֮е޳Ԫ


ڶʮ ֮·


444 ·1
״˿ʱȻܶݣӣѾ㹻ܶˡ
Ļ˲ɿܵϣǿƣԭ׼޳ȻһƬ
һɿ־ĸоȻ޳Ȼ䷢֣ƺһʼڣԼʹһֱƵĹ֮С
ֻǣ׵ʵôܺȻôǿ
Ȼɻ󣬵뵽׵ľٶȣȻ䣬޳Щһ˾ˣ˵⣬ѵѾôǾǣˣпһλǿߵת
޳Ȼû䣬׵ĻȻ׵Լʵ̫뵱Ȼˡ
ţ˵ţֻ޳Լס
Ҳ֪ͬʲô磬ܲϵģڣ֮ϵǿߣеʱ䳤еʱΣʵͻ᲻һ
޳֪Լ棬Ӧлѵģûӡ
ⲢΪˣΪ׵ƣλߵǿƣҲɢˣ޳ܲ²⵽ķʵҲʱ󷨣Ϊ֪ҿʱĪܱԻᱻĨɱ
Ԫ磬ȥ磬˵ãᾳ絹ˣڣֻҪԪ񱻳ĨɱĻҲ
Ԫ٣һãһĨɱַǻӳֵϣȻ󽫱Ĩɱġ
޳ʱǧ뷨Ѹ΢΢ף֪ʹķ׳ԼʵǱ֪ͬķʱӦòᳬʮӣԣ󷨣Ϊ˱ػֻҪŹʱ䣬ǾͶɣ
޳˵һ˵ţһע˵
ֻǣʱκ˵񣬶䵭ģû˿ġ
˵ЩȴԷغס
Է֮УһַϷʵ񣬶أһֳ²Ĳп񣬶ףȴȻһ϶ǿĲκʵ
ʱײûзϻʵϣ޳˵һֻܳӵףһ̱ȫľĴݶط֮еѹϵͳ
Ȼ֪طԼԲñ޳ǿ󣬱Ͼ޽ѹһִġ
ֻǣȻˣȫеȼ˲ֵľѪ˴طĳޡһѹ
ﵽһأֻһ򱶵ѹһļ㷽ʽһصѹ֮󣬱ԼǳһƳţԼᱻ׵ѹ
ռѹʵ̫ˣ
ۡ
׵ıȻ˹˺ۼѾס޳ĵ˿̷ɳ˼֡
ֻǣȻɳ˼֣޳ԪȴǶȻӴѹ֮£ԪĴͬǺģ
޳ԪĲ
һΣΪס޳ɱ޳˴󲿷ֵ塪֮УȻԪȻԪѾȡ˳ѾƳΪһף˿̷ΪˣԪ񷴶ŲС˺
ڲѪɺӡ
üͷûգһ£ȻڵȴʱȴԷֵʱȴزٿʱյǸ
ȣ
ȻԷŭһȻ˺Ȼ䲻ϵʧ˺Ȼ㻯ëһĶЩƮƮȻĲϾۺϣγһ塣
ѩɫģż͸֮ɫ塣
壬Ѿһˣһ֧һֻǿޱȵļ
ֻʱ򣬱ףп˾ԵΣ
ƺֻһԼᱻ׻һ
Ǵ˿ƣȻĲ
ʱ޳Ȼܣ
޳ʱ˫͵ķ⣬ƺ˻ߵߺȻۼ޾Ĵģޣߣ֤ʵһ̣֮˲ⶾ֡
ÿЩȥޱ
ǣƺ޳ķΨһ
Ȼ䣬ѣһƽɫľ޹ž޹ص㣬һ͸ģǶűɫ
ͼѸٵһȻһĻȡ
ݡ
ûܿâ
һѾֹرɫôˡ
رʱȫ֪޾ľء
ڰ٣ʧ
ʧڰ١
ҹϵĴʱ䣬ϵš
ǻ磬֪ŵգ׾ۣƣ
ǣе˿ǣңŬļţûе¡
֮Уһ˿ռĽʼǻл𣬲Ż
ռ壬ѾˣҲӭԹõͷţ飬õµķϢ
飬ȥǽ֮·Ͽʼ
ףûҲûлԣҲҪǰ֮·
ǣǺͱ˲ͬġ
ʲôԼıġ㽫ѰһС
ñһͳĻֺһŮĳĻЩ¶Щã
վգҲ֪ԼǻȻ˼룬Ѿû塣
ǰһµĳ׵˼֮ǰ˼˫ۣԵļ֤һеķ
һڴ˿׵˼֮У졣
һֱĨɱ޳Ȼ󣬲˱ը
ıըֱӻŽɫĹȻ󣬾޴ıը˲俪ʼ
ԷˣֵģǸɷҲˡ
ȻʹлѰŷϣˣȥ
Ȼ硢£޽ȵȣȫ
Ȼ󣬰硢硢磬ȵȣʼ˻
ǵģһͻĺƽ١
ƺΨһûбģǲλµһռ䣬ڲĳһλ档
ʱ޷оԼʲôо
ƽʹࡢ
ȻЩã¶ʱ򣬿ȴһɫУһн˽ȥȻޱڵĿռ䣬׷Լսףõվš
ǰվһͬĿݵӡ
ףλʱ򣬾Ѿ֪λмĺƽ٣ֻǣҴӾεҲ޷ƽ٣ֻܽӳ٣ڣƽˣܱܿѵģֻռһȺˣԼһЩǿߡ
֮ǰ˵Ļ㲻ɾţΪѣеˣʵûǵ궼ĵõ˻ϴѾıǰļ䡣
˱ûˣɱ¾֮Ļ˽ԽءԽǿˣϴĳ̶ȱԽߣ˱ԱԽ١
ҲΪ磬µĿռĵѡ
ռ䣬Ѿܻ̫࣬𣬱ʥˣֻйĶǣȥֻԽԽ⣬ǿ߾һС
֮·Ҫȥһˣһѣһ㰲ģһ棬Ұﲻʲô
ҪסȻ⣬һõĻᣬ֮·ϣһϴĿռ䣬ҲһΪͲԭʼĿռ䣬Ǹռ䣬ϴ֮Ԫ񣬶ǻõģûбϴģΪµĴڣ
ܰģָ֮ǰΪ۷״̬ʵ˶ѣ
Ϊ֮ɣ
ҪˣռɣΨһľˣ
Ȼ֮ĸռ棬Ҳľ

ڰռʧˣ׺Ȼ֣ԼѾһǳĿռ֮С
ָѣ׸оԼ˿̾ȻڵԲʵȫ״̬ﵽ˾ѵĸ߶ȣ


445 ·2
Ŀռ䣬ֻ֪ǿٺ֮һдλѣûĽ֮·
֮·˵ڤһЩȥ֮ڵԪ񣬻˵Թ״̬ڵġ
ûǵΪϣ˵ϡ
֮ǰ˵̸֮УҲ֪Ǹ˶磬Ҳ̫Ƕٻ˽һЩġ
һ˽⣬֪״˿̵ʵѾﵽڣҲǽʵѣĻָҲǿһѡ
ԪˣٻǴڵģǾҪԼϵŬָˡ
֪Ϊؼһ㣬Ǿǣʵ޷뵽֮·ϵġ
֮·ֳΪ磬һ磬ҲһԽϴ硣
ûнҲûнʸ񣬵ΪͬȫϣҲλģ˽磬Ϊ˿ܡ
ȻҲһǿ߶׵Ŀݣֻ״̬֮·
ǿҲû뵽״̬µףȴǱһ˸ˣٴǰĻôһ޷ܵ顣
ԣ˿ҲҶ룬ܣй¶ǲǸνǿ֪
ʼױףᱻĥҪһ¿ʼԼĴڣΪһ˿覴á
֮ǰûб£׵ĴڣȻЩ⣬ǲӰ֣Ǵ˿̣ȫָ״̬ףִԣս
һ㣬Ǻ׵ģμһ£Ǿǣڽ·ĵһ˲䣬Ҫǵɱ
ɱķѾ֪񣬱ٴεĽ̵һ֮ײһʧ
˵˽׶˱ϴȥ۵Ǽû̫ĸоǶӣĶӣǣҪܵĶԴ׻Ǻܲĵġ
ˣײźһµ
ͬģҲţûбҪƭĹ֪ĻҲĳ
һͬԴڱܵΡ
Ŀռ䲻ϵŤţȻ򶨵Ŀ֮УǿĻȫĻˡ
ʱףѾеȫ꣬ͬһʱ̣ת䣬ʹ׵꣬õ˸ǿ׳
ԭںϳΪһ壬ת䣬ӣɽһûʲô̫Ĺ˼ɣûʲôνĺ֢
ռɲǼƺֻص¶״̬׵ģ΢΢һݡ
ߣǿߵĻȻڡ
ռĽʼǻл𣬲Ż
ռ壬ѾˣҲӭԹõͷţ飬õµķϢ
飬ȥǽ֮·Ͽʼ
ףûҲûлԣҲҪǰ֮·
ǣǺͱ˲ͬġ
ʲôԼıġ㽫ѰһС
ĸоЩƺǵһεĽԼУͬʱ׵˲䣬궯ʱշÿռͣԼ֮Լصһ̣
ɱȻҲֻʱղ䣬򲻸ģռ䲻ɱε
ĵףȻѧڵһеõӡ֤о˼Ӵջ
룬ˡ
ĵ֪ǰˣͬĺǿĳЩ뷨ʵ뷨ѣײı˲
֮·ϵĳɳԱ˶ԣΪǴʼԶʵ㲻ͬϾ¿ʼ磬һҪƽṳ֮̂·ʱ򣬽䣬㱣£ʵʧֱ˻֮ʵµľѣ
Ǵģһƽ磬ԣҲǿġ
㣬úŬɣһ죬ܹһۣʱ֪һռ䣬塣
˵֮󣬲ȫʧˡ
ȴһ֮УʵʧѵҪޣʲô˻꣬ʲô
ȻΣȴҲֻýܣţһô⣬ô˵Ҳκξ磬ԼһжõĴڣôʵʧأ
˵⹦׵գһ飬ʱ䣬Ҳģο⹦ģǲдġ
ţʵʧֻΪƽһѣһԼĳְʵġ
ְпܺأ
ʵ뵽һ㣬ڸ״̬֮·뵽֮ԼѾܽ˵˾ȳ˲ա
Ŀǰ״̬ȥ֮⣬һ״̬ȥǱС
׻˼ʱ򣬿ռ֮жȻһͬʱؼƺ޾
ʱֻо𱬷һľ󣬾汬ըĻһ
оûüĴݣױоĵһڣȻĳǳռ䡣

󣬺أȡ
֮ĵһоָо֮Ļɣǰڵ磬ľ硣
磬ɽˮصȵȣʵ׳Ծĳ̶ȡ
վһƬɫϣԱߣӲݴɫСӭ趯ɢһ֮㡣
µأеĺۼһȣѳΪ촷۵
ܿΪ촷۵УʹһֵĿռ˻ɫķ۳ľ
Щۣʹںڰ֮кܾõ˫ۣ΢΢Щ
еĸдĿ¡
Ϊ磬ʵ̫ʵˣʵˣ׶Ϊ֮㵵ĵز
ѵʵ¿ʼ״ﲻһ
׺޷
ⵥƬ̣һУֻһЩʮƬϢѣʵΣԼȥھ
ңҪǣռ֮ҪѸٵѰһ˵ɱˣ
⣬ⲻҪɱ¾ᣬһҪڲıκ֮£
Ѿƺˣ˿̣ҲʵĸоˣȫĴһ״̬ңƺţȴǱһ
оһ㣬΢΢Щ㵣ҲЩͳˡ
Ͻ뿪ȻãһκΣյ£ֻǻƽȮˣ
Ƶ̧ӣѸٵǰȥ
ߵʱײŷ֣磬û֮ǰҪķѵ֮ʵ𾪣
û˿˲ʣߵʵȴܸܵԸĹͬѹѹ֮󣬼ֱЩ˼
ҲףӦԼ֮ӦǾЩϰߡ

濴ǰ޴£еĿƣȻ䱻޵ķŴ
ΪʮʵЩˡ
˼ܣҲˣһУ
ΪʲôΪʲôЩ˶˵׶ªأΪʲôΪʲôЩҪ˵Ŀأѵ˲֮⣬κη棬ԳΪһõô
ĵױĸ̾
֪Լ̫ڴܸܵĶ̫ࡣ
ţԼһͷأΪĸһǵûһ㡣
İ˻ʽʼųһֱ˾ꡣ
ӵӵܣ඼˻弶ϵľ磬ȴȻͨһûκξѰ˻쳣״̬֡
ΪѾ͸ģһֱ裬ǵʵҲգû֮ƾʵӦûðɡ
濴ǽɫ⣬Ȼãһ۵ˡ
۾ôȥ
ԵĻңɾһõΪ֮οҵɣĵ׵


446 һ棨1
ȴʧ
ֻ֪Ҫʲôνġ˻ꡯָܻ֮ǰ
һ㣬ȷʵ⣬Ͼһռ䣬ֻӵб⣬֮£ֻоѰ˻ܳɳǰļ䣬Ȼܵȴϴ
ϴͬҪһģǼ򵥵ıϴѣ絽֮ǰȻҪܶĥġ
Ҳ׵˵˰ΣʵΪҪǣ׵ģʧȥʶ£˻ᱻߡ
һ·ϣߵĲɣҪѰһɱѶȣʵ̫
Щǵʱ򣬺Ȼ䣬͵ǰһɽ¿ȥ
ʱϵԽ¶ΣԾԽߣҲˣһʵ״̬һЩλ߷֣׶ԻǿߣţԼ³ǻᱻĨɱ
Ͼ磬ΪͳȣɾһȫµĻռԴҪȻ̺ܿ
˿̣׵ǣ𽥵תΪ˾ϲ˿ѾȫΣϾȫĴ״̬ӽʼױһֱ״̬
״̬Ҳ֮ǰƺõ״ֱ̬ԼɱεײŻ¶Լʵ״̬
ȷʵ֮ȴ긽ֻҪڣͲκˡ
ңһǣ磬ȻΪЩṩµתͺñתͶ̥һ
ЩǶġ
˵ǸӣͬҲһռһ
һ㣬ȷʵЩ׵֮⣬ҲڽܵķΧ֮ڡ
ҲѾˣʱʱѸٵɽµ˹ȥͬʱֿѵķʹһС˿Ʈ˳ȥ
һηʶҲһ꣬ȫȡ׵壬һηʶжᱻ㵽ȻҲΪµľ֡
ΪѵԪ񣬲ǺԪȫһģͬ¶Ƭ֮շȥȻѰʺϵļ壬Ȼɾһµˡ
׵Ԫ񣬴˿ѾȫĽԺ֮С
ȻһѰױ㲻ٿ
ֻǣ׵֮⣬꣬Ȼû˿ĵֿİ׵Ĺ
΢΢㵣ȴȻĺ֮С
Ȼȫĸܵ˶Է̬뷨
оһеʱҲǰԾû壬Ȼû˿ûʵҲʹˣˣûи򵽰˻꣡
ûа˻꣬Ҳʹ׵ʵȻĻᱻţ޷ӣ
ЩΣϸĸֻصʶ֮еңȴͬͰ
٣Щͬܵĸоһ⼮ԱڼĵλͲУȻƫƫʵ˵£ΪƲ𡭡
ָоȷʵͬܣǺȻص˽һ̫Щļ䡣
Щײ˵жٸı䣬Ȼ˿ѾΪ˶Է˶Է꣬ں˶Էʶ
ǣ֪˵ֽʱ׺Ȼ΢΢һ£֣뵽˶ѵЩĶѵŮӣ˵Щ˶йĽҲùĴС
ʱ׺Ȼ΢΢һоһ˿ѵԪѾһůĿռ䡣
Լӷױ֪ԪѾٴεͶ̥תˣΪһӤ
ԭʶıϵ룬Ȼ䣬˿ϵ׼
ΪıʶͨĻţǿ㣬ܶٻᱻ¶ģһϵĻɱḶ́ᱻ׵ȥ
ײ֮ȥΪѾ֪֮£һ̶Ȼ̶ˮȴԽɱ
ںʶҲܸоĶĿƺͱĸоȻ˼ꡣ
ٸ˵ʶҲȷʵĶ֡ҲҡĹĸоͺñԼһֺñԼ涼ͬһһָͬܵĸоǼ˵ǿң
žںϱʶı׶ˣʹʶܵͬںϱ˵ʶ࣬ԷҲǿ󣬲ȻǹǺ
ĵ
Ӹ߿֮£ѾȫĺʶںϳΪһ壬ˣΪ˵ĹϵǴżִеĹϵּͬĹϵ׾ƴļˡ
ΪԼĸоҲӵķΪȻĻôνѾԵıɱ˹ȥһ㣬׺š
ݵƬ̣Ȼ޷ֹǿĴԷٵ˼⡣
̶Ƭ̣Ѿȫĳ׵ĺһںȫĳΪ档
ж˺һ˿Ԫϵ֮ǰҲ֪ˣԷ֣Ҳףƺͼл۸
֪ˣȻ۶ڴ޴
ңҲ֪һɵ䷢չôԪ񣬽Ϊĵڶ
ڷԪ˼룬ײģϾǳ׵Ԫ񣬵ʱֱʹýںϣֱ˴ˡ
ȻûнںԪɽı̬ҲҷηԪܣһԪʶΪһҵʱҲѡĨɱ
ϾԼû£һûںϵĿܣôһԪ֪ܣһͬƿȨ
ԣ˽ںϣ
׽һмķǳԲȻһƾȻ׹뺮̶֮С
ʱϿȴǴһĺ֮
Ǻο࡭
Ǳɣʵ׵󶯣ͬʱĵΪ֮һʹ
֪Ǹһֱĸԭ
һֱ涼Ըܵ׶еϣһֱδĸЦ֪ĸףĺܰ
ֱڣĵ׵ʹףҲףĸ׶İԶԶĳԼ
沢ûֻʧ׵Ԫ֮УǶٶЩӰ죬⣬ɱĸˡ
ױҲܽһ㣬ΪĹϵܺãҲһǱȽϾɱѰһߺںϵԪ񣬶ʵ̫ѵˡ
׸ŴϷµǸɣˣۿȻЩʪ֪
Ȼ䣬еԼȻΪԼѰΣͬʱ뵽ԼҲ֮·ţ
ʱײ֪Ѿȫȡ档
ˮȻȻһץסͱԱߵ٣嶼̶ߣ׵Ŀ峺
ͬʱԭˮȻͬķ˳ߣ׵ĿҲû˸
ʹɣҲ벻Ҫȷʵ̫ˣԺ󣬵Ϊˡ
ԭ˸е˵¶һ˿ľֻºͶȰ˿ľʮ
ȷʵĨȻ䣬뵽ˣʮʱĸ
ǸʱԭȻʮҪѵĸףǲģǱɱô
Ȼ䣬׸оļ֮У˸жĻЩĸΪһУΪܳЦһ͵͵£һһ
׵ۿٴεʪһΣȴûκεĸо
һΣֻһѣҪѰİɣţһܿıɾԵǿߵģһᣡ
ԭһ㶣漴־ϲ޷εɢ˳ʵ촽˲Щǵ˫ҲŲ˼£ȴʲôû˵
һԭº͵ĵĳˣҲԷˣ߰ɣȥ
˵꣬ԭ͵ס׵ļȻ˶ȻһɲǼһɾӿȫʱױ㱻ԭŷ
ǧɵ£ԭһ֧·
֪ԭԭν˻˼ʵȻѾǿ
֪ÿ˾ѵĵ·һκˣŬ׷ɱĹ̡
˻꣬Ȼ˻ꡢػꡢ꣬ԲȱȻɱ䣬ָԭλʵʵ
ֻоһ޲ڽ֮нϴ
ϾЦνǣʵӦ˵ǣֻЩǵʧʹ𽥵Ĳ
˻꣬ҲΪڰ˻꣬ҲǸ˻꣡
ֻܸ˻Ĵڣ˻꣡
֮ǷϣΪ򲻵ڰ˻꣡
һ㣬·ϣձ飬ҪЩ򲻵ڰ˻һδεȻֻתֱĳһܸڰ˻Ϊֹ
֮·ҲǻԽԽ٣ΪǱϴһع֮󣬷ĳʲôԱֵĻڻռʧܡȻص֮·
ѭ
ҲһȵıҪֶΡʱųпܴȾʣ
񣬴Ӻܶ෽棬ƺƲ⣬óЩۡ

ص¶ϣԭڵһתȻתһȦ˵·ȫĸ
ʱײлǰĿżֲɣϢӡ
ֻ΢΢Ӧһ£ûԷע⡣
һȶżֲɣӣڵݣ͵ͷżֻ׵ıͷϣһǳɫͷ̵ĺ룬ֻԱļƺڰ׼ӵĳżζ
һɫۣͨһȺܸߵڽɫĳ
ɣһˡ


447 һ棨2
ˣ֪ʲôȲʵʵжİοǿ
ңļ֮У׶ԭ֪һ㡣
Ȼļ䣬׸֪֮·ΪôƬ̶ѣѾ˺ܾá
٣ԭϼ壬ԭһΰĴм壬ϼϣǿǵһμ峤Ҳһͻ֮󣬻ָ˱ǿߣӵۺڵľʵ
ͻż֮ǰΪ㽫ԪӤʼһֱ۾磬ʵǿģֱӵĻָǿľ磬ȻظĹҪԳһ㡣
Ҳ˵һޣһżͻ֮󣬱ӵľ͸򣬵ʵȴҪһľۼȻ̱ȵȻֹ
ϾѾڣֻҪ㹻ɡ
ͬģһ𵤳ڵ֮ˣͻż֮󣬼ǻָ˼䣬ʵҲԪӤ翪ʼ
ԵģѶԽ󣬷Ǹ֮һ̤磬ɾͽԽߡ
磬ܱӵģֻˣһͻ֮츳ȴٶˣһǴﵽżˣһ֣ǻָ˱ˡ
νָ䣬Ҳͻżˡ
ˣΪ޸嶼ѾþõˣȻȻֻҪﵽһʱᱻطϴһĥµȻع硣
ʱʵ߾ȥҲͻ֮ΪԸġ
ϾһѪȶп磬ӵ֮ûϲġ
׵Ȼĺף֪һͻż֮ڵĽôֱӵĴﵽڵľ磬Ǻܺ˵ġ
ڸڰ˻˻꣬״Լһ㶼㲻Ͼĳ˵Ѿָ˼䣬ЩͲ⡣
ˣԭ׾ãԼ΢Ц
ò˵ˣǰ˵ϵͬ㺣ͬģĸоЩͨϣˣ׺𾴡
ߣײһ񶾵ˣռ֮󣬰飬˳ɱֶΪ
ԭ׵ǰעɣмįıӰȻоƺԵıˡ
ƺִ޷ñıˣƺʲô޷ıˡ
߰ɣǻطҡԭ˵ȴЩأرᵽǸҡʱ򣬸ˡ
֪ԭڷҼЩƵԵʣʵϣڷҼ壬ҲһЦϵųܶ಻Ĵﶼµĵλ
ĸȻЩʵ˶ӦôһĵλҲͬż
Ҽһܴļ壬ϼķ֧һλյ׸ϼһأֻϼСϼ׳ֹϵ㲻֮䵹ת˹
棬ҲϼΨһһˣΪԭһˣֻĴڣΪϼľ
Ҳԭڼµ£˲ԼĲԭ
׸ԭ󣬲ϵ˼һ㣬𽥵ķ֣ƺԭʲôһִ㣬ƺҪȥһǶЩ˼ɡ
׶Լ̣ʮֵŵģԼԹɫû˿ĻɣȴʲôûʣҲʲôû˵Ǳ˳Ĭ
֪ʱ򣬼ʹκεʺ뷨˵˳Ҳõԭκλش𣬱Ͼܶ飬ǿ̺ͻԽģҪʵ
֪˿̵ʵȻʹʲôûУҲܿŸӦɽɱٸ֣ԭУȴʵ̫ڲ͸¶κεܣ
ңжҲֻԱ²Ż¶ġ
Ҳ֪ô⣬һʱ棬ԭһǰȫġ
ѾϿԭ֮ˣõŵ£Ҷڰһѣײġ
׿ԭڽɫĳ˼ƺԼЩӦ
֪ĽЧˡ
ţĲķɽֻҪԸ⣬ʶٿأ⡣
ֻҪһķɽ䡣
һ£ǿһ˻弶ҵǿˡ
֪˻꣬ӦþһĻʲôȻģǻĵĳĸصķء
ֻ뷨ȻãȴЩεķ֣壬ĺ⣡
壬κκε֮Ķĸ򣬿˵ǳٶ۵˿£
ʣҲһ
ʼֻǾԪϵȷ涼ܺãûϸķ˿̷־ȻɿЦ
ƺԭҲ֪ʣŸԵòɣҲԭĳص飬ԼԼŵȻϲȴԵĲģԭˡ
׺ΣʱЩҩ֮ĶҲðֻǿϧսȫװ˽䶼ڣΪЩԪ棬ż֮ǰûκϣõЩġ
õˣҲ֪壬ֻǼƷĹԪϡǧ򱶣ᱻģ
ֳƷĹԪһսΪ𣬶ǿƵģҩЧ֮ͣ׶
̵ģѵɣôҵʶȶڣǾѵڰ˻ѣһˣٲЩڣҪָʵǼ֮
־ѵ׻˱˲ɣ
׷ĵ뵽⵹ΪʧǱģǱȽԭùһ壬ʷ棬׶ûʲôõĵġ
һΣȴ״ʦνЩ޷ˡ
׵Ĳ壬ȻЩܵƵģϾ׵ԪҪΪģǱҲףͺñһֻһһЯ崢ٶ࣬޷Ҳǰ״
ǿеֻǱըĽ֡
Ȼûʲôȫ鰡ֻˣϣ˶һжá΢΢ε뵽
ڳЩ׶ҲѾ㵽ˣϾӲλ֮׾Ѿ쵽˿ռĲԾ޽Ȼıʵ̫Сˣ޳𣬾Ȼ˵Ĵʵĺ
ǿλߣȻ޽ɱֹǱ̬
˵ѾעֻԼʱ˲ãҲ̫̬ڲ֮ˡ
ҪǺͨһ㣬ֻ»ڲλ浱һλͨ˻ǲλ統һͨߣȻȻ磬¶ת޶ѡ
룬ĺһֻľȻЩƣ
⣬ɼһˡ
֪ģ˼֮Уԭص˷ϼķΧ
滷ɽ
ļ֮УѾ֪طɫֻܲǼĶˣҲϡˡ
ٴεĿʱ׻Щ𾪵ġ
˿̴ůһ̫۲ݵķ̫֮Աߣ沨ԣһȦȦĲƮţߵĴһŵģ۴αȵĸо
Ϊ۵ģǺһֻСۣһֻɫСۣСϣһŮӱ׶ˣ鵭ĿŰߵĴ˼
һһһĻ棬׷΢΢ЩȴͬĲӰԵʡ
ļ֮У֪ŮӣǷϼ峤СŮԼʮ꣬ȴǼϳˣѾﵽ˻ĵھżˣƺʱпͻƣΪ֮ʷǰĵһڶʮͻ˻ǿߣ
ļ֮УȶŮӣһɾԵİĽȴÿһζ۶ҿһۣʮֵԲλ࣬Աֹĸо׶ɴ˸
һŮˣʲôԱģǡ滹ǴСаײмЦЦĿŮɨһۣصƨɣ
ŮӦǻͷһۣĿƽֻǺ䵭
һ˿֮⣬ԡ
ǶײһַŭֶˣֻȻûк׼ƽϡ
ȻһпŮĵһŭͲ죬
Ȼ֪Է֮Իı飬ȫǲɵģΪǲܳϵġ
̣תͷȥᡣ
ĺܶˣЩ񾭲һģеڵϷеĵڵеĸǲϵĴӸ߿緢һ㡣
ײ֣Ϊ֪Щ˶ڸν˻꣡
ȻЩ˶Ѿ˻ĳЩģҪڶ֮УĻ
˻˴ս֮⣬񾭵ǺЧġ
վڴϵķȶҲͬˡ
ҪȻ׵̬Ū˷֮ˣúŹ֡
ԭʵȻСֻΪЦ촽˶ȴûЦ
û˵ԱλףʵѾοˡ
һϴȷʵɳ˼ֻ֡ǣʣû˻굤ֻһԸ˻갡
˻굤ˣϼĳҪˣһŲףұƴȥһ˻굤ɡ
ԭĶӵ̬ӵļᶨˡ
ףΪһֱԭĶ˿̲һ˿ΣУȻ䣬ƺǰˣҪʧȥһ
һݣȴûκεı仯ֻУȴѸٵķ
ʵΣԭƺűļᶨв
룬Ӧпܸ˻ˣһ£һºа˳ɵİո˻꣡
׼ᶨ˵Σײ²⣬һйأҪȻԭԥôãȻЩԸᣬԸģԭ˵ɱĸϼԭ


448 ˻꣨1
ԭģڴ˿еĺݺݵĲһ£ʱı飬ĺǸӡ
ԭΪȻԼĺǿţʣֻǰοĻѣǴ˿ĻȻһɣο
飬Ҳ֮һĸϲŻᶯ֣ʱҪȡ˻굤ҲֻʱŸлᡣ
һµʱ䣬ԭģҲ
ʱԼĺǳɹˣȻ㲻Ҫٳֵȡ˻굤һûгɹôˡ
ֻԭеƣƵĺԲȴһĳį֮ɫĻҲȷʵʮֵ
ȻҲһĺӣĻ¶ֻһֱܵұѡ
׿һˣĴڣ׵СļɵģΪĸף֮ǰԥ׵Ԫǿܸоµ̶ԭȴǲ֪ġ
׶ԭûһ˿ļɵͺ𾴡
ǲѾˣ
ԭƽʵĿ֮е֮⣬ȴ˵ǿʢڣ˵ǲ
΢΢һЦŵĵ˵ͷţģһΣһɹģºļԣһΪģ
ԭ΢΢һ㶣漴ףĿο֮Ϊ˸ףΪϼ壡ϣϼ壬һܷ󣡡
ԭûΪ޶ʣԼĶӣĽһзˣο
Ȼĵ׵ľҲӵˣһ򲻳ɹһǰȥ͵ȡ˻굤ģ
䣬Ѿʮ꣬ϱҪʮˣ䣬ҲǳˣǿѡĵµģֻΪ̫治ûе£һ˳Ц˿
׶Щף֪˿̺ܶ෽ûгЦû۸ԭΪĸԭһԵԵʡ
Ϊ򵥵һ·ѾвٵŮ¶Ϸʶݵˡ
ҪȥֻǼ򵥵ľ͸ˡ
ֻЦҲ΢΢ЩϣǴŶƵЦݡ
ܿͻصɽţ˻֮󣬱ŶԵһνɽţνɽţҲһССѡ
֮Ϊ˻ǰǲ̫ѵģȻֻԶԣΪ˻㣬űʵʱ䣬ͻ쳣ѣ˿ڵĽʱѶȣ
һ֪ģΪĸ׵ʵʵﵽ˻ľŲ״̬ԣǲССɽš
һǹһĵطһССľᣬҺɫĴŵ̴ľƮҡķװһ㣬ȻСȻɽ֮С
׸о֮ⷿƺһǵľ񣬲ɣ˼Ŀԭһۡ
ԭʱҲʵӣȷʵƺЩһˣﲻһ˵
ܰĸоѪŨˮĸо־˵ĸоԲǼٵġ
ûл׵ݣֻ뵱ȻΪϴĶӣĳˡ
ϾԭҲ֪һ˵ϴʵ̫ǿˣһ˲Ŀµľ
ıԵ߹һȦ˱ó죬ʮֵ
ԭţĶ֮ǰֻΪôһ£
λʲôû˵ְݵΰĸľ
ڽУͬףܶˣǺܲģ٣飬٣Ǵ໹ǱȽġ
ֻǣΪһЩ׼֮ͽȾռ䣬ʹ֮ȫңѣһЩصǿߣŻ
׵̬֮ǿǺܱ̬ġ
ô࣬Ҳ˺ܶ顣
Ȼ⸱⣬׵Ҫǿֱֶ֮࣬
ʱֵ̫ͻ
Ϊһпռ壬һȴȻ併ٵϴعḶ́ɱж֡
Ȼª˵㣬Ļ㲻ˣúϢһ£ȻͿްɣģЩ֪ôǰţǲǿģ
ԭ˵Ȼתȥ
ӣС߽棬ȴСΪֻһһĴڡ
ڲռ䣬ȴһڵһĶ
棬䣬ռ䶼ܴһ֮УЩرƷʹΣһ䣬ȴһӴҡ
ңԭԭģ˿ȴǿ˳ø
ңǷúõɣһɡԭº͵˵ȴһɲݿܵ
һůû˵ʲôֻǺݺݵĵ˵ͷ
ͣӴ̫࣬ǲռٵĻҲѾ˽ʮꡣ
һǰȴû˿Դǲ
һΰĸףһ㣬ںСϣ˳
΢ĹػִʱʱСûʳױԼԣԵøĸ׺ĸҲͬԣø
Ȼиѹ͸жĿ£Ǹð뺮̶ץΪ˼пڷڸ߿չ֮飬ǲʤöٵġ
ԣԭСܣ׶ƴ

߽һĿռ䣬ĬĬһȽϼеȪȻĬĬ˼
νŨ׿Ǹı¶ϡ
ֻ֪Լûʲô޵ģǰĵطѾȷʵǲˡ
ײû˼棬΢˼һ±ա
˿̣ûϢֱӵĿʼ
ֻǣĿʼʱײŷԣȻԶԶԤϣ
ǺǿһܶûУֺδ̸
״˿ɫ⸱壬ʵǺ͸ˡ
ûм壬Ϊ壬ʵĳ̶ȣʵ
˵壬ʸѻģ
ˣҲѹ޷˻꣬찡壬ܸ˻꣬ˣ
Щˣ˵壬ῴֿ͸󿴱ʣǿڻں
ָˣҲǰϼķΧ֮ڣǵνߴޣ˴ˡ
һĴڣҲռϵʵǿߣڡ
⡪ˣǾ壬´½ĻҲ޷ŰΪ໨ʱѣʵڲУԪˣԪҲùҩ䣬ЧӦò̾ϢַȻЩԼֻ̣ҪںϺãԺֻҪһ£ʱҲָܻġ
ǲƴһ£ֻ˻궼ˣʱƲҪˡ
ײûҪϵļʣʵ̫СԽӣԽҵûᣬϾԽԽΣա
磬棬׵֣ʶˣʵ̫࣬ǵŮӣҲû˲ϡ档
Ͼʶ̫Եɺϵ飬ʱҲˡ
״˿ƽľЩɻ
ȻԿ϶ʱʵǿҲɣ
룬û˿Ѿֱǿƿ˽һǰļ䡣
һ֮󣬷˼
þã̲ס̽Եһ£ʱҲֻǿԪʵļһ¶ѡ
һ㣬ȴԼˡ
ײĿЦǳҲҲ
벻Ϊ̬ת֮Щ˹ˣȻżѵ壬һǼԴ๦ҪȻЩֻǡ
Ȼ䣬ɫһڣ͵뵽ˣĻôˡ졢ľЩˣˣ
ԭұץʱˣ׳һĨɭĺ


449 ˻꣨2
ʣ磬׵ʶҲ𽥵ͬʱϵ飬ҲĿˡ
ǿıͬҪϵŬġ
죬ǰǺ⹦ӴʵˣֻǶγʡ
ЩΣ֪Ǻ˶һˣһһͨԵĿ߳·
üͷ΢΢һ£ױ㽫Щȫķĵȥˡ
£ΪƵԭ׸оԵ˼ر˷ܣԾĳ̶ȾǼߣһʱ䣬˼ģԺһƬҡ
ھ֮ı侲ȻĽ붨״̬
Ȳ˵ܸܲʲôһ㣬Ҳ֪붨״̬ôǺܲģرǶڳ֮˶ԡ
ĳ˼ţо̶ȣʵЩ
ĸĹ֮Уʱ䲻䣬Ȼȥһˡ
ȫȻûĸоȴҲ뵡֮ƣ͵ĳ̶ȣȻԶ
׵ԪЩ˿⣡
ԱߣԭѾ׼õĴˮɢ˵·㡣
վϵĻҳ׼ȥõˮ伢ȴǲͷһڣ˾ƺȻҪһ㣬ʶЩѣεĸо
һݣֿ˼֣жٻЩˬˡ
һУȻҲһֱעԭӦˣ˫˫֮Уһ˿Ӣ۵įıΡ
룬ǿûεǿٵȡöҲĳȥ
Ȼʲô鵤ҩĿڸУһֱķ֮Уȫһ˵ˬ֮⡣
ȷʵʹֶˣҲػɣӣҪһʰмţ˾
ֻԪΪ⿪ȻٻָԪ񣬲õİ취
һ˿ҿռ䣬ٴγڵ
һΣ׻ǲĵĳԪͨΧռȻŽ֮УЩ
ЧȷʵУٶ֮ʵ׺ˡ
ײһûĵˣǴ˿ٶȣֻ֪ǻûеȽ壬ֻͻ˥ˡ
׼򵥵һ£ȫḶ́ȻҪʮ꣡
ûи˻һ㶼ֻͨˣȻ̫ãֻжݵʮҶѡ
׷Ǻѳһ˿Ԫ
һ˿Ԫ΢С̶ȣС˶Ԫ񣬼ȫԲƵĳ̶ȡ
ΪǰԹ̫ҩ֪ԪȻҲȻӦںϵıȽϺˣҩЧӦҲȻȽϵǿ
С޷ܣױֳʮСһ˿ԪȻ룬ĽĺԼԪ룡
൱նɱһ㣬һ˿Ԫ񣬱նϵ֮ȻݺݵһԪܴС
ԴһѣΣԺǱըһȻһƣһ
ʱ򣬱ѾܴСʱٴεһȻɫȻ԰˼֣ȻһѪѪ
ʱ˿Ԫȴǳ׵նˡ
Ԫն֮󣬱㻯һҺһĶֱӵ֮С
ʱܸо֮оǺȻ们һֻȵһ㣬ϵ֮дš
ÿÿ͸׵ĺëףϵɢȥ
ͬģ̵ĳȻԽԽȣȫǱһһ
Ḷ́ǲп֮
ױȴûбֳκεĲʡ
ĺˮѾʪ·ʿʼճƤϺ·ϣɢһȳ֮
˻꣬ȻһϴḶ́Ǵ˿̣ףûи˻꣡
̣ȻڼܵĥҲԽԽǿ
Ƭ̣ɫѾʼЩҰˣǼȻ򲻵ʲô˻꣡
ƺĿʼˣ
ǱĿǰֻܽǿĸ죬ټ죬޶ȣᱻݻ٣
˿ǿ׶ͷ亹ɭɭΪʣ
˿֪ٲãҲѾ൱ڵĹЧĽٱˣ
ҩЧȻ޷˻Ŀ̣
ײǲ֪ʲôν˻굤ǹؼУκεҩ˷ѣ
һ꣬ǿȣҲԳԽ˻굤Чٱˡ
٣൱ڣ׷˰ٶ˻굤Ȼûͻ˻꣡
׼ֱҪˣס壬ƶԪȡԪ֮УȻٴεĸ
˻꣬ӦòӦҲʲô֮⣬Ӧһ磡
һǱĵ֮Ķɡ
ϸķȻ䣬뵽һʣǰִῴһЩѧ²ڴ˿̲뷨˸Ĵʡ

ѵν˻꣬ǻ֮Ķɣ
Ȼ䣬׾Լ뷨Ӧˡ
뷨һеĺܶƺȻʧһ
ٴӱ˵ԼҲѾ϶ˡ
˻ꡭ
૵˵˫ȴǻĺʶǱʶĽһǳ˯״̬
ʱƺԤϵһ򵥵ξʼˡ
õξټ٣еףЩʧ
뷨ȴƺɲǼʲôһ
׵һ漴̽ԵĽξǸ˲طһ¡
״˿̣ȻҲǳ˯״̬˹
зһ˿Ĳ²⣺ξǲǾ˻ڲ֣Ȼǲл꣬ξ֣Ȼʵȱģ˻ꡭ
ֻǣͨһ㣬˻أ
׿ٵ˼ʣǸ͸˼Ԫǿġ
ѡѡ
룬ˣ
һ϶ʱֳһĨŵ΢Ц
ӦòԶˣ
ЦˣٴȻĽ붨֮ǳ˯״̬ȻֳԪ񣬶˼
ǳ˯֮еξĿռˣ׷һԼʱЦˡ
Ԫ֮аŵǵƬԪ񣬺ȻɢһǿĹâȻȻ仯һӰ˳ȥ
ξ֮еףʱ󺧣ƺҪллռ䣬лξӱجΡ
ֻǣʱ״һ߾پѣξ˻֮ҪִԲˣ
һ˻ƺ׺䶥һ㣬ʱվԭأɵһ㡣
˿ԪƬȴ˲䣬ֱӵǸ׵֮ڣ
ȻǸ׵ģֻǵ׵ģģǲȻҲԾ˻ˡ
ˣԪƬҩ˻֮֮˻꣬Ƭ̣Ȼ㾲ȻĬĬĿʼ
ʱξĿռ䣬㱻޵չ˿Ȼ￪ʼýӽʵ
ɽˮ̵ȵȣԽԽʵ
΢΢һЦȻռ䱻𽥵ķŴȻֿǰĿռ𽥵ȻָһƬڰģοЦˡ
׵ԪȫĺǸںһȻָģȻվʵռ䣬Цˡ
˻꣬ξʵͬ˻꣡
˿̣ѾһѾ֤̤˻ĵһ
νξռ䣬㶼˻ҪѶںʵƬζѣ
ЩƬԽѵĳ̶ȣԽߣ
һľѣôξʵغϣ
һʵغϣ˱Ǽ򵥵ǰ˻ѣ
Ҳ˻ľѣ


450 ˻꣨3
׺Ȼˡ
ףôĳ֣ȻͬһŵУ˲ںڰ֮е˼ά
ʱûѸٵĿʼں˻꣬ʼ˻塣
ξѣִ磬ûоѵڰ˻ĻֻǶ㲻
ڰ˻ľѣ̤硣
ͬģĻ֪νִڽĳʱǿռ䣬ͬĳ֡
κεʷ·˥䣬̶һģֻʼľͬѡ
ִĳҲͬڽĳһʱڳ֣ʧ滻
Ӧʷ壬ײٵĵǸִΪЩ˵Ӱ죬С
ֻǼ򵥵룬ѾףʱĳЩˣξĻ˵ڰ˻꣬һȽԲġ
ʱΣȴʱ޷
Ȼ״˿̲ǿߣ׷Щǿߣĸӵν磬ϣǲܴڵģ޷Ķһ㣬Ĵһѡ
ңеĻôǿʳȻֻԶĸı䡣
ҲǻһЩĶǿƻѡ
֪Щȥô˼ΪϾԼǿߣҲҪھȥĽһƵô
Ȼ׵ĵҲҪϽķһЩҵķĻѪһá
˵ѭһ׹ѭǿʳķȵȣбȽϺõЧ
£һЩƻռƽǿߣһ磬ȻǸ磬¸ǿķԼ
ֻĵ׼򵥵һУǰᣬҲǵľѡ
ڣֻĪĺȻ뵽һ㡣
۹мɻ֮ɫ漴ױ㲻ˡ
ǱĵţȻ˵ڰ˻꣬˻ʵξ֮һ
ξ֮ξھþ֮һ
£׵Ԫ񱾾ǿҪ˻״̬ǿʵѾûбҪ
˻Ĵڣʹٶȿ˲٣Ҳڲϵľ
̣ĺǻ
һ£ôȥˡ
ڼʼʱԭʱ۲һӣֱ׸˻֮ƺӦʲôҲûǰۿˣֻĬĬͬʱҲڵȴȴ׳ء
һ£ûȫĵ˻꣬ž޴ʹ࣬µĽŵı޿θһΣ
µĴڵľƽ⣬ʲô̫֮ţһȫ߹ͨ
׵ĴʹͣǿԪȻЩʹ࣬Ѿǲɳܵˡ
ȽȫӦ˽֮˿ûпһĽ˽ĵľ磡
⵹ǽ޷ʵϣֻҪԸ⣬ʱڶʱ佫ȫ콣ľ磡
ֻʵڲʵǲ֮޷ܣԺ֮ӵеľǿҲ޲
˿̣ĵľ磬Ѿ⸱ܳܵļޣ
ʵսһļ޻㲻ʲô£սޣȴֻὫեȡԺĸȴû̫ĺô
״˿ҲżΪû˻꣬׵֮Уľʹ˻Ҳϵ׳
Ʋ⣬֮󣬹Ȼˣ
׵Ԫ֮⣬˻겢ǺԪںһģںԪԱߣƺԷֿҲԺԪںϡ
ǣһȷеĿԷֿʵǣҲҴ⡣
ױԪͬΪԭԪ񾳽ϵʵǲڵģѵøȴǴڵġ
Ľʹ˻ľ磬ֱӵĴﵽĲΣ
˻ʵȻŽѾСˣǺһЩ廨˺ܴ˲ȣǾͲ˲һˡ
Щô˵߼˼ĸ֣Ƿȶﵽ˻ż
ʮ꣬˻żʵ˵ʮֵı̬ģ
ЩȻûţʮ꣬ʮģﵽ˻żģҲʲô£Ҫڶʮͻ˻ż㶼ûš
ЩѾ㹻ȡսˡ
һ㣬ֻǳͷضѣΪֹأǺ͵Ľ࣬ڴ֮ЩӵܣᱻȡɽɣΪŵӡ
һЩ˹ϵķչǰ;ȵȣǲġ
һ㣬һεǲ⡣
֪µʱֻҪϵĺԪǿȵĻôνľ磬׶ԣ㲻ʲôˡ
վϵĻҳѾۻ˺һˣſڵʳȴȻ¶㡣
֪ԭÿʳ
ܶûгԶײôΪ˱ԭģЩˮˡ
Ϊ˱ԭģ׻ǳ˷䡣
˿̵ԭһ䷿ĬĬƺǸӦ׵Ķʱ˫ۡ
һ˿֮ɫ֮ɫʱʧˡ
ԭվΪοĿף֤еǼġ
˻ˣ
ԭʵ
ţˣֻ̫࣬Щ޷ܣţ£ܴﵽ߼ǿˣ
׺ŵ˵
ԭĿһۣúŬףмɺøԶҪѭ򽥽֪𣿡
׵˵ͷ
ԭ˵ʲôģ룬ʲôûж˵ʵĿһۡ
΢΢һ֪ԭʲôҲû̫ںϾ棬òžʲô
ԼܰպþУ׼⼸ȥһ£㡪
ԭû˵꣬ױ˵Ļ£ҪչؿޣﻹҪעһ£ʲô飬Ⱥõμȥ첻١
ԭ΢΢һ㵣漴Ȼĵ˵ͷҲգȴٰ֮¡
׶ʱ˲٣ԺһЩ֮󣬱ٴεĲķ䡣
һΣײǴ˻߼Ǵ˻˼
Ϊףƾ轣˻˼ĳ̶ȣȻĽľ磬û飬ԸЩӵܣѶȷʵС
һֵ̫Ļһᱻ˻ɣ
һӹɵģΪһųܵˣ˲ú
˵õĽѵҲתô죡
ײκһСʹԼһз⣡
ھٶȣⲢ֣ΪЩˣǿ˻ǳһ˻֮󣬴һʱϵľ硣
¾˻˲㣬⵹Ҳǲܣ
Ͼ浽ʮͣҪʮſ˻꣬˵˻ٶ֮ˡ
Ƶ磬ǱȽϳģҲԭһֱûʧԭ
һΣնɱ˱֮ǰһ˽ʮԪƬһ£Ҳ̲ס³ѪɫҰ֮
Ҫ֪ԪģƳԪԪƬɲҩֻֻײŻҪ
ǺԪģ˽޸֮ǿײ㲻⡣
סԼ壬ɫҰ׵ףֱӵĴݶѾɢ˻γȵ徭֮д岻ϵǿһ㣡
ЩԪҲڵ֮ϵɢȵ˻ϵĴ
Ĳ̶ȣѾ򣬶˿̣Ҳףκһ壬˿ǶѾаͻ˻żˣ
壬һζȻ˻궼ûͻƣ
ײģΪһ㣬ʹԵøӵܺ͸߼


451 ǿߣ1
֮Уʱĺܿ죬ףڼ䣬ֻǲϵǿǸ
Ӵﵽ˻֮Ĵ̶ȣ𽥵ļӴ󣬹̷ӵ˳ˡ
һĻѾٸоʲôʹࡣ
ļȻʱʱڣֻڴﵽ弫֮󣬿ʼȻھǱȻټǿ塣
γһССѭ
µʱ䣬ѾԼԤϣﵽ˻˼ľ磬ͬʱûͻ˻ż£׵ʵָ˽󾳽硪ľ硣
ȻʹõļҲ齣ѣҲԼķ֣Ȳ˵ǿ󣬱ĵڰ˻꣬ڽӰ죬ȻЩǿ
ܲ²⵽˻ꡢػꡢ궼ͻƵʱ򣬻һֱĳЩȱ޸ˡ
ֻѾգЩ飬Ҫʱȥ֤ġ
нһʱ䣬ŻᵽԵӡ
֮ǰڲҲҪѡһʱ֮
վʱĹǿҶ֮ıѵⷬһı֮׸оȫ˵ľת
泩̲֮סݺݵĳХһⷬٶǵĸ
߳䣬Ŀ峺ĬĬԭ֮𾴵ĵɹˣ
ԭһȴȻ򶨵˫ۣ˫֮УǷݼοԱ
ããá
һ˵˺üá֣ԭϣѵõų˺ǴЦݡ
˻˼Ȼﵽ㾳ˣҺȻһˣȻǱɱεģǰȻǻԵԭ˷֮ȴܿ侲
ãܺã󣬼ڲѡȥ԰ɣʵѾһˣĻ֮󣬱ʸѡһλĵˡ
ԭĿº͵˵
µ£Ժ˵ɣκһΪģ˵
ԭ˵ͷȻתߵһͨɫľ޴ǰ׵棬Ǹһֱŵľ޴Ĺӡ
棬ǵĸΪ׼õһսףȻݻǴһ̣Ѿ׼ˣһķɴСҪѪȡ
ԭһɫս˳Ȼ͵׵ǰ
Щӹսףû˵
ĿԭһֱۣӵѪԭʮս׸ȡ
ֻɫƷ֮һʵ͸֪ϼԣս׶ǲĶˡ
ңһսף˵룬ٺķ˸ĸѪ
ֻϣһ죬ǵĺԴﵽ˻˼ʵſԵѪȡսףȻ󣬴ϼ壬ʼս
ǣôԸȴһֱûʵ֡
ڽ죬Ըܵʵ֣飬Ƿǳġ
һսףѾϣһɫĳۡ
ӳŻ̫òԼ̫ߴߣսףԣ׵ƣ˼֡
սףûжķҲһսǿ̫࣬Ϊõ;ת״ʮֵʡ
ˣῴ㣬ż壬ǿ󣡡
İɣһŬģ

ϼ峤ϸĴ֮У˿ķĸ֮ϣֱ˰λʵ׵ĳϡ
ЩϵʵȻͬһ㣬٣ǳ˵ػ弶ǿߡ
˿̣ϸ֮УеǼӵܵıᡣ
ϾҪϼսϼڲȻѡһЩʵΪǿȥŲü嶪
Щ֮УȻ˴Լϼ峤֮жѾ˼ƽϣΪ˲һЩӹᡣ
ΪԼҼĺǼʶһ£Ҳǲ̫ڽЩӹ峤޻˵˴Ϻ峤бٴεľһƽĿʵ˵ıᣬΪ˴̼һ£ͷлһǬĽ
Ǭǳ꾳磬Ƶһֿռ䷨ֿռ䷨ռСһǧƽ׵ĴͿռ䣬СģҲг׵Ŀռ䡣
ǬҲ֪һ޷ĶֻпҵӡͿĻһǬǬĶΪ˵ˡ
һεǬһռ䷶ΧȽϴǬȻĴСûһǧô󣬵Ҳ״Сˡ
ˣεıԣԵʮֵء
ȻΪϼĺ󱲣һЩﵽ˻˼żӵܣȻٲǬģǴռ䶼ʮֵС
һΣ峤˴ȵóǽűԵͷ㽫͸ȶѡ
ȶʵȻ֮Ǽӵ֮еĵһһ㣬ڳеȻ֪Ƕٶһ˼
ֻȻĿЩĺůǲм
һεıԣǬ׶ٻЩġ
⵹˵㿴ǬǱǬζһˣңҲҪһռ䷨֮ĶװһЩ˵Ķ
Щ峤İϷȻǲм
棬ɽ˺ģԵúмӵ
ԭףվһƫƧĽ
ԭߣһԼʮߣһӢӣ˫ȵĶŷȶ
ϣⲻԭôôҲ㺢ȥһ°ϡˡ
Ṉ̀һۿףһ˿
ԭֻǵȻЦЦⲻĶӣǸһ£ȻʵЩ֪ߵغˡ
һƺЩĵ⴫ˣ벻㺢ô¾;˻˼αڱصˡ
ЩŭŮͬĸһ˵棬ʶ֮е֪Ůз£һʮĴŮˣƺʮֵĶʼĸףֱĸˣŮ˲΢ĺת˼֡
ֻǲ˿Ů˾ǺȻٴεľ
һĨ⣬ɱε֮ȻżֵЦݡ
ΣҾΪǱģ׹˵Եú⡣
仰ֱӵĽǷǺһ£ĿһۣС֮ǷĳҪǰϲСˡ
׺ٺһЦû˵Ļ
ʱԭȴһκͳ˵ģǸ
ܲԭĴȰ֮⣬±ҪǸǷȴº͵ЦЦԭֲˣСӲ£ѵСѹֵһ㣬Ҳ֮
ʱܸܵһĨݶϷʵĿŮߵӢ
ɱŨҵɱ
׺⣬תͷͬĿֱ˻ȥ
궸ȻĿ⣬ʱһƺɻ±ץһģֱĿ⡣
ЦȻսɱ˵ľٶ֮飬ײɻȥ
ңȻΣգһϲΣնɱѿ״̬ġ
꣬ѸٵĴļ֮һ֣ص꣬ʵҲﵽ˻˼ֻʮꡣ
ͬʱѰЩ䣬ҲоˣѾԼ˼ǿĵ⣡
ԭ򣬱ڷȶ
֮ǰ׼֪ڷȶʮֵİĽһĹ֮ϣûжѰļ䣬˿̣һϸѰ׻淢һЩ顣
Ǿǣⷽȶƺڲ䣬ϲһܶò棬ƺ滹ĺǲ
ʱ򣬲һףȴ˼漴ȴһ˿ŭݵЦ
Ļưвɸ̾
֪ģʵԼųĳ̶ȣҪֵ÷ȶĻģֱΡ
ǣȴˣ˵̶ܴϣҪôȶΪӣ׷ӵע
ҪôǽŶĹĻʲô


452 ǿߣ2
ǰ棬һ򵥵ƣΪȶνĺĶѡ
ڣѾ棬׵Ȼһ۾ͿȶİϷ
Ϊϵ㣬ȻܺͶļٹӦӵ׷ֶΣĻò˵Ǻġ
ײûֻ̫Ц
磬ʵ̫ʵˣǹĶǻǶթôʵǲλ磬żǱʵĲͬ
ÿһˣƺǿԳͱѵĶʵ˷ʤ
Ҳ֪ν˻֮𽥱ԲĽ
׽סЩɣǲǵ걻޸ʱ򣬲һȫ¶ʱ
ײûнȥ˼ʱ򣬱ѾҪʼˡ
ڷȶŮӣײУһ˿аͷ
ʽԳǩƵʽеģʮֵĹƽǵ׿Լеĺպú֣صĺһεʱ΢һ˿ȻֻǵЦЦ
׳սǷȶһŵϼĵӣǸӳĵҲüĿ㣬ʵȴ˻ѡ
һȶûг֣յԶĳˣȻ˳ս
־޴ıûκģһʧһ֮νļֱᱻ۳һ֣ʤߵһӳһ֡
ƽֵĻ˫ӷҲ۷֣ʽǱȽϹƽġ
ڻֺ֣;ŷֱֲַΣҲͱһְ˷ֵ˺һֲֵȥս
ط棬ײ⣬ֻҪɵӣѾˣŷȶĶ֣϶ߡ
л϶νĹƽıȫˣҲЦ磬νĹƽʵ˵
ڶֵ׳
ֻƺȷʵôһϳ±㴫һ
ȻеϷ벻м񣬳ЦӵĻʮֵĴ̶
ײûкЩ˼ƽʲô˵ʲôٴ˿̣޷ȥֹġ
м䣬ͬһ̨һĴڣˣ֣ʱ԰һ¶һⲽ
ּ򵥵ȴӭĺȲ佱
֣ǫĳ΢΢ԵŶзȡ
Ӣ˿һٶòӵļʵĿͲŮӵĹעĿ⡣
ߣǷȶҲΪһĿһۣ
һУ֣ؾúƺȫĳΪеһ㡣
ˣ̨̤֣ԵúǺˬĵ棬㻹ɣõʱ˿ͷ㲻ҵĶ֣
֪˴˿˵Ȼȷʵ䣬ǲҪŹףֻΪ͹ķȰˣ
֣صΪֻⴿһΪǵСΪ綼ڸתʵ̫ˡ
Ҳ룬ʵܶ˲ǱſϷͿɵӵˡ
Ķ˵ĵְɣ
֣Ӣһ˿֮ɫ漴ָֻããȻˣҪҲˣ
Цʲôʱô֪
֣شŭ
˵գʱ͵һһȣʱݺݵĲһ£ʱкȻһڽɫĿʮַķɽ
ַɽһɺŨҵɱ¾֮Լٶ׷
ͬһʱ䣬֣ϣҲų˴ĿİɫâǿȣȻѾﵽ۷״̬
˼۷״̬֣СӣŽ˼˻겻꣬ȻٴεͻƵϣʵǿ֮İ
Ȼ俴һĻİλϺ峤ų룬̵ͷ
һУѾüλʮֿˡ
׵Ķʹȫ˶
ΪۿһȴǺȻָס
ݡ
Էķɽ̲סıȻǰһӰֱӵļסɽĽ⣡
ⲻҫҲʾԼǿһУ鲻Խġ
ױǧֶλ⿴ǲ׵ĽǺȻ䣬ƺͬĸܵ⣬׾Ȼһˡ
һУܻҲ޷¸ԭͬΪһ֣ΪѾܸо̺İ˱ˡ
ǳڱܵġ
һ̣ɽ׵ָڶ״̬
ꡪ
һƬʹóе˶ʱ䶼˹ʱΣҲֻǶݵ˲ѡ
Ҳû룬Ȼӿʱͬɢ˼۵İ׹⣡
ͬʱ׹ⶸȻǷɽӿȥɽ͵һȻٵķ˻ȥ
ݡ
ͬһǣ͡
ֻƿ֣ر㱻ɽĽݺݵײؿϣʱ㵹˳ȥ
ڿУ̲סһڵѪȻݺݵĴӿˤ£ڵϡ
䣡
棬ݺݵĲһ£
һ£˶ʱһ£Ȼкܶ˽ͷӶ֮ͬǰ࣬ûκ˹ƣ
Ȼֻܶ࣬һΣЦӵЦˣɵ¼ɵĿȴˡ
ȶ֮Ǻεȵңڱ֮󣬳Ǻεȵ塣
ײû⣬˲㲶׽֮ݵĿ⣬Ҳ׽˷ȶһƺ⹦ľϲĿ⡣
򵥵ģױΪЩ˴ӡ˱ԵʱЩˣȻúõдһġ
˴Ͼ£Ƿ峤ʵʱ˵ˣãһΣȻڣ˻꣬һͻ˻˼ﵽ˰˼۷壬⣬Ƿϼҫֱʤ֣ܣ
ǣ棬ȻĵһսȻʤˣһΣͬΪ֣֮ǰĴͶʵĲˣԽսӦעˡ
֣أȻʧܣ˻˼۷ʵǺܲģҪʧ֮ȡѵ峤ڴı֣
л峤׺֣ؾǹ˵
šȥɡ
к˶Լ̬ȣƵ˵
ֻǣһ˿ɵȻο
мֻǼ򵥵Ŀ˿û⡣
ڷеļɵ׿ʮֵףˣĵףҲһ˿ɻ
ָоԼ䲶׽ʲôһоײ
ʱһֻķ׵ļϣʵصĸо׺ܿĴ˼֮˹
ĺã㲻Ҫκεĵģ峤ɵϼǿҲġԭ˵
ֻֻ׵Ķ˵ģ˱ʵǿҲ
΢΢ͷжʱˡ
ϼԭǷϼˣֻû˶ѣ׺ȻǿǷ峤β˼ɣ
ֻײֻǼ򵥵뵽һѣܾãϣƺܣ
ȻҲ׵ԪĴ޷ܰɣ޷ͻǱԴںδ
׻ŷ峤˿սʱ׻Ȼ˼
սȻһ˻˼ĵӣӣʵϼ幫ϵ˻˼ӵ֮ΪǿһзԶ
ⷽԶҲǷϼֱϵӵܣڷеĶӵĺһĪ⡣
˻꣬ڤ룬ȴսȻ
ⷽԶȻǷ峤ӣΪ˲߰ԴһȽϹˡ
ǷǺʹմϱߣһ˴˵ģܵпɱ
ˣںܶӵУѪֶ̣ζʵ˸ǡ
ô˺ԼˣѾףǷ峤ֻô̽Լߣֻ佫ԼĨɱĴˣ


453 ŭ1
˵ԵĹнֹɱˣżʧ֣ҲΪ
ȻܵһĳͷǱϾ峤ӣǳͷ˶ѾˣҲֻ߸ʽѡ
û˻Ϊһɵ˶ȥȨķϼ峤
һ㣬ȻףҲǷԶеɱ¾֮⡣
һݣ϶˼ء
ЩȻĶ֣ȴطɱֽɱɱʱɱ
ϼĸ̫ǳ˿̶֣ʵǳֺõ飬㲻ñ˷Χ
ײԼһȺ֮ܲԭ

ٴε̨ϣԵú侲ԼѾףƺȷʵǱ˽ˣôĶǱòӡ
Ҳļ֮ھһȷʵӦúͷȶйϵ
ŷԶһı飬׵ģҲ΢΢Щ
һˣ˿Щ˼ֱЩˣϼ嵽֮ǰǰǣЩ˶Ҫơ
ԶϵĻҺɫĳۣתһ֮İɫĹ⣬Ща죬мɭ䡣
ʹõͬǷɽһַֻɽϵϢȴʵ̫ڳء
ڴԶʱ򣬷ԶҲڴ˵֮е
棬ʵ˿͸ӦЩʵ֮ǰһл֣أǽң
Զףһ˿ײ֮ɫݣҲ𽥵ɢš
ˣ̣Ȼǰûз֣ʵһĻ֮ˣҪҪ°֣ҲգϼĲЩȥҲã
ԶͬضףѾƽϣ
֪ڸ˵һ̣ͬҲĨɱľ

Զ޷ԶƮȻ
˵ƣҲһ˲䣬Ȼ䱩
ʱѸٵľͬʱÿƺоһѹŵա
˶û˵ȴƺӦԷѹȵͬʱһŶԷ˹ȥ
еڽ𳤽ԭȻϬǿȴ緽Զеĳ
ֻǣǽ棬Ȼ¶ԷĽ
һ֮ڷɽϣ׵ٶȴﵽһĳ̶ȣͷԶڿзɶ
ʽʵⷽԶҲίʵס
ʵķŵʵҪǲ뱩¶Լ̫ĵƣͬʱҲΪӦԷȶ˻żǿߡ
ȻҪǣȻɱԷ״˿̷ܽˡ
ˣĵ£ⳡսνǾֶ̼֮ε˾һѺ
ȻѺֳֻѪȴ̼ѣЩ˵ס
׵ǡôӿʼ裬𽥵ȻٽĽԶѹȡϷһжʮֵ˳
ֻǣ׼һʱ򣬺Ȼ͵һ
׶ʱһݣǱܵһ͵طȻܺıܿδ֪ΣգȻûǱľ͵һ¿͵ĺ˺üס
˲䣬ɫ龹Ȼ˲ۺϵһȻצ˹ײģ̲ס
ʱиպ֮Ƶĺܺãֻǿʮַŭż˿ȻĵǷԶɫԵñȽϵĲ԰ס
˳ʵһѪˮʵĲţ׽һĺС
Զһûнɱһ˿ݣĬĬû˵ֱӵ̨
ǾƬ̣Ȼ󣬼ǷôҪŷԶˣϾֶΣʵ˼ɵ
ұĹرͲ׼ɱˣⷽԶĶ˶Ҳ޷ڸʵ
Զ̫أȥβμӱʸ񣬹ؽһ£ϣзϼӵΪ
˵ͬʱΪǸĿ׵棬Զʢʱǳ˵㣬ϣൣһ㣬ϾҲûʲôˡ
⻰˵ǰοȴԼһ˿ζ档
˼ûͲҪ£Ȼÿ
⻰ɫʱЩѿֻҲֻǱ뷨ѡ
һֱ̣ӱɱƬײ
֪£¶Ԫ񣬲Ȼһ򲻹Щϼϼһ
һ¶ԪһоͶ군ˣ
ƽȮۣ
һָоƺӣѾϸĴϡ
ֻЦЦûٱֳʲôʶ̧ٵı顣
죬ʱ򣬿˭Ц
ı׹ֳģʵķ豣ʤȻһǽҵĽһż˻ӵܴܣֺͷȶƽ
ԣһս׺ͷȶս
ֻǣƺûϵ˲ʶ̧٣ҲûϵôϷԵı仯ԭ׼ԴȷֱӻȡǬķȶʱɫЩѿˡ
Լһа˴Ȼƽϣ׼Īе׸ϳֻǿ׷һģ԰׵ɫֿ˿ӵˣ˰սľ
Ϊȶ׼ĽһŰɫ͸˷ȶԷһ
ףҲһֱȴⱨʼĵһػᡣ

׺ͷȶվһʱϵķ֮ɫʱʧȡ֮һĳɵģȻֻԼ֪װġ
ȻȶüǲмȴȻ۵˵С棬㲻ҵĶ֣ɣ˵ˡ
⻰ʮֵᣬʱóһƬһƬʶݵĿ⡣
Цȴ¶ֳɺܳģƺǾǿĵȶְɣⲻһųˣҪǿ
ȶһ˿֮ɫƺƲ𣬵ڲصļ
΢΢ɵˣҪСˣ
˵꣬Լٶȳ˹ȥ˺ȻĶ֮ʱһȺ˵Ļ
ͬĶˣмֻңмһĻæܣȴʮִɵһ˷ȶز࣬ʹ÷ȶһģܲˡ
Ϊ˱棬׻֮УҲⷽȶ
޺ʵȴּأ
һ˿⣬ŮӵĿ֮
ŶԷ¶©͵ĳ˹ȥȻһ£ʱ򣬷ȶһ˿мȻĺ֮ɫһţ͵һ㳯׵ֱնɱ
ʱ׽һƺ̵һףȻɽĴ£ڵһ㣬͵˹
ŷ֮׺ݺһڷȶǰ˴߷˳ȥ
ݺݵĵ̨£ȶɫòҰ֮ҲһѪ˿
ȴЩɵ͡ãȻĿ̨µķȶ˵ѹı顣
ȶңҲǹģңҡ׹ɵĵȴҲǹģҾġ
׵ı飬ȴƭеˣȶǼŭģʱ۾âһ漴ЦЦû£С棬ǿˣȶܿأ
е˴˿ɫǼֻЩĻ֮ûн֮ɫԱֻΪĿ˿ף׻õһʵ
Ȼ⣬ѾˣǬȻҲ޷ٲŲˡ
Ĳ鲻ԸĽⷨףȻֱĻ׶ֳ常ɵģԭȴĿһۣҲû˵
֮ԭԼɽȥʱȴиѸٵĸ
ˣһͷӻ׵ߣˣϡ
棬ҵһ¡Ѹٵ׶ߣ߲ԶһˣʱʶȤĶʱɢ˿
ԭϣ֪к£ԭüͷһƣƺЩ˵
ԭֱӶ׵棬汾Ҫ̸
׶ͷʮջɱһţȴ˿ӵĵԲ𣬽ѾˣҪϽؼҵԽļս


454 ŭ2
һ˿ŭǲûо͵ֻЦģ˶ʱġ
ԭƬ̣ȥȥҲգϵҲΪ㡣
΢΢еķŭȴȻҲֳֻǱֵΪεĵǺðɡ
ϺЦЦ׳һƫƧĵطȥ
ҲʱС
ϼڲĶңȷʵȽӴ
ҲˣҲɽˮҲЩӡ
һ̵ĵط滷ɽƺܵͣһȽصɽꡣ
棬˲˵Ǭϣûбøڵ츳ķȶҷҲһСĶһЩҩΪ
˵
΢΢ƣ֪˿ԼǲӦȻǿҲɺģԺⷽϼȻ̫Ҳ̫̣
һϼԼ֮أ
ײڴ˿ɱϣһٳɱԶĻôǸ˶ܻɵͷˡ
Ϊײһ˿ļɵ
΢ĳϣɣȼ̸֮°ɣʵ̫ϲǬȻ͸ȶĻȻ᲻á
Щҩʱɡ
׹˵ֻЦѡ
ЦˣȻŶǡȶֵϷ벻м׵ǡ
ҲãĶҲ̰ͼһСĶţúõɣᣬҪΪҷϼһ
Ц˵ж׵ȻȻЩ˵ǿԽܵġ
˿̵ûʲôԥĽǬ˲õıỳʲôĻ
һ˾뿪
Ϻߣб㲻ɷŭ
ޣϺ꣬޳֮ҪǬ꣬ߣʲôʱҲôĺ۸ˣյϢ˵
Ц˳㿴˿ܣȻ󻺻ĳԼɽȥ
ھһŴʱ׵ӰһӰʱ˻һȻʧ֮䡣
Ӱڽһ˿̣ȻƷɽٶҲﵽԽĵزȽ϶ԣûӰ̶ǿ
˿̣֮Ҳã˵ϢӰȣʱһεı䣬˿˶Է
ӰٶȱǺǿģҴϢӰЧ˿׸Ϊ֮ʱͬһ͸ĺϢһڿռٵ˸š
ֻΪǱƣٶȣֲֻܱʮӶѣģǼӴġ
ȴ⣬ʮӣѾܶˣ
ײӰͬһ㣬ϵɽ֮䴩Ԫ֮ǿȻ֮УȻܸӦߵ
˵£ﻹɵʲô
ɽһӵױ˷峤ĽȺԱߣǷ峤һкĳԼӵľסƽʱϽ˴ŵġ
ŵʵ˻꾳磬ﵽ˵ػ꾳һң
˻꾳͵ػ꾳磬൱Ѷȵĺ蹵ܶ˻żľ磬һӣ޷ͻƵػ꾳磬˵ػ꾳磬һɲĹؼ
˿̣Ȼ˷Զɽš
֣صʱһߣϾ֣ˣҪڼϼˣѶȲ
ҪڼƷԶѶȷҪ˲١
ˣ׾ȸɵԶ˵
һѸٵĻصɽ֮УԼɽȥȻκ˵Ļɡ
ţٶٴεһɣֱӵȻû뷽Զ֮ء
Ѱһ飬ȴûзַԶв΢΢Щ֡
룬ȻʩչһԼĸӦ
ԪȻ޷Ԫ񣬵Դ˿׵״̬Ӧһ·Բ֮صǲѵġ
һӦ׶ʱ㷢˷ԶڣǷһΪע顣
˿̣Զͷȶһصţ߲ԶȴǷ峤Ͱ˴֮еˣУ˵ģȻǸ˵õϷ
ϼһٶȣȻ죡
Ȼ·Ϲⵢһ£Ҳ֪ⷽٶȣֻ߳ɵٶˣ
˵Сӻʶʱ񣬲Ȼձɽ֮УϷҲὫĨɱЦ
һĵϼһȻɱԼġ
ţϿ飬Ȼ˵ģٽ棬;ʱȲҪ
˵Сǲϼص涾ֻҲףҲĲ˼죬Ǵɲ⣡
еȻ˵֮
һĵЩˣȻԼ¶ˣֻԼĸԭҲˣ
ߣүүΣȶʵˣȻĶҶ֣´μһݺݵĽѵΪıǿأʵ⣡ȶĵ
ڱʧܣɼʮֵԳܵģϾĵһģһʧȥڸ߰ԣʵ̫ˣ
ԣɫЩͳ漴ЦЦȶãҼĹʵ׳㶫ܾСӲһˣ˵СӻǸţ˻֮Ȼ˾磬ʵ˷˼
ɣǲûжжɫ֮⣬޷ٵģֻ˵СӣҪôʲôĹҪô͸ʲô˻İ֮Ķ
ߣһܱȵùôʲôţҿֻǹʺ˽ٰˣȶмƲƲ죡


455 ŭ3
ȶ̫ˣУ磬ʲôɺϣɺϣ壡
㿴Ҫ˵֪Ļʵүүʧ
峤ŭȶСȻԿ塣˵ˣ˵ȶΪϵң㱻СӺˣСӣ̵ڣĲ򵥰
ϽԲ˵
ЦϼһԭЩܷͣ죬ߣǵӣҪͷˣ
ϾǷ׷׵ͷȶͷԶȴǻһۣм֮ɫ

׵ĸӦȻ޷ֳһһЩϸڣȴǿ̬ĸӦ
̸ľˣܵˣʱ䲢࣬ʱ䡣
Щ̸ص㣬ȷʵȫļסˡ
ױûж뷨ĵȴһ˿һʹ
֪ǱںϵʶֵԵʣΪ±һֱ¶֪һǳĴ
٣ַȶһ˵˵ʱǷݴΪء
Ѿˣ˵ĳѾ̥ǣȻȥĶܵŮˡ
ˣ׵ܿĻָƽ
֮Ȼϼ˶ϡƣãܺã
ĵâһʱӦ˿ȺıĻᣬˡ
˿̣صĴ֮УһϣѾɢ
峤λϣҲȥˣȻأǼˣҲҪһЩˡ
Զ
峤ϵ˵ͷ׷˵ţȥɣҪ̫
ס

ܿ죬طţҲоԶѾ𽥵ĳڵķ˹
ʱһݣ˲ԭʧˡ
ԶȴЩɵĶܣĿ˺ð졣
Էģ֮еЩȻ֪Էǿʲôֶηġ
öˣ֪
ԶȻаĳһһɱжȻ˳
ȻŶԷб¿͸ԼȻûж
ȻˣĵȻЩϰ£ⷽԶһаĹȷʵЩ˼ɵӦȵȣõĳ棡
˵ľֻڶԷһ֮£Ѿ¶ˡ
˿ֻ̣Զ˫ɭֵɨ䣬ƺķʲôһ㣬⵽Ȼˣʵϲûжٽࡣ
˵һУװĶѣ
ȻֹƬ̣ԶȻ˫Ĵһ£Ȼ˼Źֵӡǣʱʧˡ
һʱŰҡ
һԷȻթ˭뵽տĴ벻Զһ󷨿ռ䣿
Ͼ˵ϰ߶Ϊ󷨿ռصһ㶼һЩǱȽصĽ䡣
ǼʶЩ׷˼ּɵ
ⷽԶʵϼ޻˭֪ǲǿԵ̽أ
Ȼ׻˼ʱ򣬿ռһĲԶʱٴεĳգȻ˿ܣĵûˣϾ͸ӿռģһЩѵ⣬ӦˣЩѵˣ
ԶԳЦЦƺΪԼꡣ
ǼˣȻĶܿ˿Ȼٴεν͸ӿռ֮С
Ȼ
ٹԼĪʮ֮󣬷ԶٴεĳһĿ˿ܣԼԴôû˵ֱ⡣
ײſڴΪСĵ
ſڴ֮󣬷Զ˸ΪӵӡȻѸٵ˽ȥϵıǾȻ
΢˼֡
׵ˣƽʱֻҲ˵СˣƺڸܵԼµĳЩζ֮СĽı֣ӵˡ
׶ʱ뵽£Ϊ֮ǰνĻ֮νϢˣⶫȻҲ֣ǿ̬Ԫ񣬾Ȼ޷׽
ʵ׶ЩֶҩȻȫضûκιĶҪȻ׵ı̬ԪȻһӦûУ
׷ӵСˡ
ӷԶĽĶҲܵ˲СĽѵǱһʱСĵͷֻҪˡ
뵽ԶڷԼ֮Ȼ˲Ĳ²ԼͼôĻˣֻ˲䶼뵽ԼĿģǻ˲ĺ
һһж֮¶
ЩңͬʱҲԸԼ侲š
ȴƬ̺Ѿȷһûκεˡ
ȻߵſڲԶĵطȻѸٵĿʼӡ̣֮ǰѾǿеļ
Ȼ汾ҲԵúޱ˼뷽棬׵Ԫ˼εȵǿ˵ǹĿЩˡ
׽Щļס֮󣬴˿ʩչҲûаֵĸоȻ˼ЩģⲢӰЧķӡ
ռȻһ䣬һɰ׹ʱװ˽ȥʱ׸ճ֮Ужʱһ
Ǳܵģ׶ȻٴεʧӰʱɢ
ʱ󷨿ռ䣬Ǽ򵥵Ļζһ¡
ԶԶȻۣĿ˿ܣȻñţֹƬ̣ЩɲļǱ
ףȴǰ˿
ԷԶıֶԣӦ·ż˿ռʲôĴӿռŷԱŻ
ԶȻ죬ȴûгԾױܲ²һ㡣
һױѾĹˡ
һ󷨿ռ䣬һ󷨿ռ䣬󷨿ռ䣬ʵǺܲ
Ϊڲײŷ֮ǰסЩŵķʽʵûбҪΪֻҪƬʱ䣬кܶ෽ƿ󷨣һ󷨵СƵ󷨡


456 ռ飨1
֮ǰ̫ھ裬Щٿ
˿̣׷һУԵôݶ侲
ԶЦʱаصһڽ𳤽֮׶Ȼ佫˳ȥ
ģοһֱûгֵǿ󵽱̬Ĺ
齣֮齣ɱ
ݡ
Ŀռ䣬ǱһĽ飬ŪЩŤ
ǲһС󷨣Ȼбļ
ײзһ
ˣ֪ⷽԶ֮ΪʱȻһỳɵԼͷϣҲǣⲢԼҪĽ
ײЩҲЩԹ齣ɱòҲ̫̬һЩɣ
ʱҲˣѧ齣ɱʵѾﵽ˷ںǰˣǻߵı̬簡
ңеǺڵǿߣⲻһ
ʧʵʧ֮ȻûߵԪݶ⹦㷽ԶԳܵģ
׿ĿԶһҲڵʯ֮뵽ġ
ʱ򣬷ɽѾ˷ԶǰȻͬжһֱӵĴ͸˹ȥ
ۡ
һѪȻ˳Զֱͦͦĵ˵ϣ廹ڲϵĳ鴤ţǿ־嵽Ŀ־壡
ģȥתҪҵĺãȻɱһΣݵ˵
Զ˵ļɵ
һһĻ˲֪ϼһĻĽƻ׷֣Ȼɵǲỹ˵˺ĻСӣʵ׼ʶʲôĻ
ˣ˿ûйǵĽĨɱ
α죬һ㣬ײġ
Ȼİϵ࣬ǼӳڶԷĵĵطȻĺڰںֱ֮ӽ
䣡
޴ıըʱȻһ̣Ҳûȥ޸󷨣ֱӵƮȻȥ
֪ǿıըԶϱ˵ҵˣҪҵһֱۻһűȽԴҵ顣
˴ıըݻ󷨲˵ȻҲԺ䶼ûҲͬʱĻңʹ׶ϵĳЩ֮ϢҲٵġ
뿪ɽ֮ʱ仹ʣ಻ӡ
ʱ·ȴǴ´ˡ
ӰӰʱʧ
һӺѾصؾĻؼ֮·ĳ߹һŴ֮׳ˡ
ûʲô֮ͬǰϺ̸֮βࡣ
ܿ죬ױص˼ԭɫȽƽҲûжʲôֻĵʲôޣ侲һ£Ȼ
׵˵ͷû˵ص˷䡣
Ȼﵽ˻˼峤ҲûɽţҲͲ֮ˡ
Ҳ⣬˿̣кܶҪһεս֮ȥܽᡣ
һεս׺ܶͬʱҲȫ׵ûлָʵ֮ǰֻһͨˣ
ȻкǲʣʵСĽֻǾһͨ˻˼Сϴ
۽緽棬״˿ҲʶԼȷʵڵǿߣΣ˶صռֻأʵ¿ʼûоѵ£ֻҲ˻궼ûиһԼڣʶʲôģ
ʱѣʮ꣬ʵȫĻָˣҪʲô
׶Լ˵
һεսеĸоԼûɽ֮£̬Ⱥܶ෽涼̫ȶ
ȻҲֻΪܵĲӰ죬ײûҪȥԭԼڡ
ʧܣʧܣҲڸʧܵʵ
Ӵɱ׿ʧܵģ٣㱻Զˣһ㣬ȫĶ̬ȡ
ȫľ׶ʱ뵽νĻ֮
ⶫʵ̫ˣȥѯԭⶫʲô룬ԭǣ㽫С
״˿̼Ԫ񣬲ϵ˼ֻЧһȫûУ
֮£ױֻٴεԪǿȡ
ԪڶԾž޴Ŀԣ֮ǶǱĻһţĲϱǿⶾԽԽ٣
ңжΣ֮ǰ磬ԼǶһˣ
һ룬ױ㲻ЩˣɽжֻҪʵϵľʲôȻ𽥵ʧ
ҽÿһ㣬ڵνĶʣᱻųܶ࣡
һͨ˱Ҳ׵İ
״˿ȫ붨ʼ޽
ʱ䣬ܿĹȥˣһƽ׶оЩ졣
Զûܴĺ䶯һССĺ䶯ûУ
Ϊ֮㵵ʱҲԼĸо˲ԾбҲ˼ּɵ֮ġ
ϣԹ֮׸׼ǰϴͬ鼯ϣ㿴дһڵɽš
棬׼ô
ԣ峤׼ˡ
ţηϼͿλˣ΢΢Ǻº͡
׵˷ߣȻԾߵ˶
֮еˣ׶ϵãֱ˻żķȶ˻ż˻˼֣أ˻˼ķκۺ˻˼ľ
ףȶԶô
ʵıֳһ˿ɻ֮ɫִģֱӵƭͶעķ峤
ڷеĹעȻףҲˣжһֵļɵ֮ɫ֮ɫ
ȶе֮ɫ٣ǲû¶ţǷУԸо
ȻĸӦˡ
С棬Զˣ߻ħԱˡȶС˵
ôأң֮ǰ˵İɡ
׿ʮʹ˵ֱݣֱ̫ʵˣھʮֵǡ
ֱ飬һֱעŵķ΢˼֣ͬʱƺ뵽Լһ峤ƺҲ̫Сӣɵһ֮ɫ
СӣãĵҲܲеС˻Ǻܴӵģϧϼ壬Ȼ
һ˿ϧ֮ɫӦ׵ģ˲Ľ
˵ʲô׺
٣˵ˣֻǰչ˶ãǱҪˣ˵ϵĶҪˣ
У취ͻ˻żػľ磬ȻˣЩĻҲǳԶ֮ƣ
г˼ȴȻʮģ
ʱȴ˷º͵㲻ºȷʵûκιϵ
Զ̰ðͼǿͻ˻żõﲻܶѣȷʵʲô
ȻǶҪԴΪ䣡
㵱ⲻȥڱʱ򣬶ŬΪɶ棬ô룬㷽Զʦ֣ڵǻǳοģ
ԣбֵʮּᶨĵһ峤һᶪģ
е˵ͷתͷԭԭҪҪȥ
ԭ˿ףҡҡͷˣҲСˣҲǷˣξһȥɣڼȺǵĺϢ
˵ţԭĿһۣ񣬰̫ࡣ
ʱȻԭֵĴȰһЩײûо֣Ϊһԭˣױû롣
ģһõһģ
˵ԭȴο֮ɫ
ŵ֮ǲмĿɨײ⡣
תڷеĴ£׵߳ɽ͡
ԭȴһֱţȥıӰ
ˣ̣Ҳ˿ƺֶɱˣʲôĲµأ
÷ģһװ׵ȥģ£һ᳹
ԭû˵ʲô
ת΢΢֣ǽϹŵڽɫʱС
ԭϸѵõ˾ô㶵վš
ã߽˷䣬һЩװ֮ĶװǬȻһӡǣ֮ת߳˷ݡ


457 ռ飨2
ʱû˷֣ԭʵ̫ǿԭȻʵƺ͵һ㾳һ㣬˱øӵǿˡ
ǿ˲׽ģԵЩƮ
ԭӰͬһƮţܿʧķΧ֮ڣ֮ǰûκܷĴڡ
˿̵ԭѾȫĿǷˣɢһֹᶨϵơ
ԭ뿪˼ķΧ֮Ƭ̣˸һƮ˻Ȼ˸Ʈ
һΣȻҪڲѯʲôˡ
ԭĶСģٶҲ죬˿ֳʵеػ弶ң
ػ弶٣֮УǼǿģǷ峤ʵҲػļһԭʵǿɼһˡ
ֻǣһεĲ̽ԭȴֶأʲôûв鵽
˿̣վһӰĺڰ֮УԭüͷݺݵȻƺ˼ľһ㣬ٴε뿪˷ϼ壬һλȥ
һӴļ壬Ҳ̳ǵĳ塣

̳ǵıĳ֮󣬱ûܿ;УǱʮ֮
ǳԶжһЩӵܵչˣȻΣֻг֪
̳ǵĳϼ壬ϼ壬һʮӴļ壬ڲйѵǿߵ
Ȼ֮ǿ߲ڵʵѾһռ䣬ⲢӰϼӴʵ
٣һڵǿߣ㶼ܶڸ˻ػĺųİˡ
ˣϼ̳ǶԣλȻ޷ģ
쵼Ҳûκ˸κβۡ
һεıȻ̳ǵĳ֮оУˣǰѡ֣Ȼסڳ֮С
׵ˣŷϼĳԱһ𣬱һƫƧլԺ֮УլԺȻʮֵƫƧǻȴʮֵĲ٣ȶʮֵ⡣
ͨļ䣬׸֪ȶ츳ʵϼΨһһ찮Ľ
죬ΪϼΨһһԺ󱲣ȻǼǧĳ谮һһ衢ΪȻ¶ɡ
Ȼ֪ȶѧֺеʮֵĿۣȴ⣬˷ȶѾʮֵĲ
ȶȻĻȽȴһ֪ܵˣϲһʵӵܣԶϼүϲмֵ
Щ׶ƾԼ˵֮п
׵ȴĻᣬҲڵ
죬Թ֮ڷдȻơ
׻ûվǷűѾ˴ˣˣǷȶ
һ˿Цڷȶ˲أжЩǴ˿̣Ȼʹ˼ƽʲô
ŮǱĿĵ˿øУҲѾҷˡ
Ȼ˵ʮ߰ףֱӦĪĻһЩ鰮棬ǶڷȶȷʵѾûκε뷨
ͷоЩġ
걾ܵĳ嶯ΪıʵĲʵıûٱ¶ÿϣԵֵʮֵǿⲢӰ׶ڷȶơ
ԭЩ飬һ˼֮УΪⷽȶĩ·
Ǵ˿̣뷨ȴ𽥵ɶˣΪ˿̣ȶѾһĵЦ˹
ò˵ΣǰȻأǿֳһ˿ģ˶˾Գ嶯ԸеʣգʱʹЩ
ȶƺܽһ㣬ѾϢʵڽŵʱ䵯һζķ۳
ⶫԪס
Ϊײû뵽ⶫʲô֮ǰǲ¶ҩģģΪ˿ⷽȶʲôòʵ۳ʲô
Ͼ֮ʲôҩ۶ҩ֮ĶЧãױָˣһҪʵװΣȻͲѡ
һ֮һȣʱͬʱһݣʱ׵ˣ۳Ȼһִ߷ǿĴҩ
һŮԼ´ҩ
׵ԴЩת⣬ƺЩ˵ȥɣ
־ǿȻᱻССĴҩŵȻҲرֵͬûһ
ˣ˿ΣƺҲüĿƺЩŷȶƺ޲ýɺݺһ
ȻĿȣһ˿ľ֮⣬ǡֵı˳
ʱ򣬿׵ıֺ󣬷ȶһ˿ıóѵЦ
漴˿Цʱʧȡ֮һ϶ݡ
ȶЩ񻰣ƺһ޷ܵεħС棬̫ǿˣȻ¾˻˼۷״̬ʵ̫˲ˡ
ȶʮֳݵģ˫ס
кݺһ֣ѾģȻһ̣Ȼıֱ
ǿƼ϶ݵ׶ЩŮˣȥԱ̫ϧˣ
ֻǣΪ׷ļɵŮˣǺֶΰ
Ǵ˿̻Լ棬ֻٲ˶Էĵˣ
зɿ˼ţȻװһԻ˵ӣԵЩЩɵıȶ˵ģ
ȶƺ⣬ħĵС棬ܸңôһǷܵİɣ𣿡
ĹƻջǿȾǼ󣬼״˿б˾裬Զ˯ԷڲǱܵģҪشǰ֮ʵ𰸣
ʱױϸ˲һ亹аŮֶΣ˵ã
׵ĶȻôͳԿʱǲµĹؼǷ۳ӦһֶԻҩ


458 ռ飨3
Ȼ˴ĹЧЧϣȴԶԶĴҩ
ҲǷȶֻһķԵʣ
ѡ緹֮ʱΣҴ٣ɺһСС棬ڷȶУȻǲġ
׶ʱŮ˵ĻֶΣʱ˲١
ţʵȻú˼ĽͬҲһ̫Զ
ȶ˼ɱױˣһΣԷʳ֮󣬶ԷܻԼѣֱӵĽԼĨɱҲ˵
˼ţú˼һ£żĿʼϷ
Ƿȶʵ˲䣬ױԥĻشǰܣǿԴģҵ֪ˡ
ȶ΢΢һ㶣۵һ˿ɻ󣬲ãȻһ˫¶Ĵ۾ʱ˿ɻʧˡ
ȶȻЩʵС棬Сʱ򴲹𣿡
׺ʶĻشţ򴲣ʱÿ춼ѵҡ
ȶһ˿ĵı飬漴ǿɰһЦԭС㻹Ŷûأ
ûˡȻã˵
ʲôʱģȶʵ
ǰһϣ˵ڻؼҵ;вˡ
ûлҲûл𣿡ȶһĿƺʵ
΢΢һԭΪŮҪ̽ѰܣȴǲȻʵ¡
΢΢˼ѾˣŮ̽ȷԼǷıԻˡ
£ЩɻŮ̫ʲô
ԭشûлɣ˿ȴ˲뵽ͷȶĹϵû׼һﻹ˵Ҳ˵
ΪԼǲõ飬ҪھԷļģԽģ飬ھ˳Ҳغ֪ľԥĸ
˼һвֻ˲ɲǣûбֳκεĳɣ˵ͷȻ¶Ķŷȶظ˿ˮţȻЩɵģǲǱ˺ˣִ֣Ӻβأû
ȶЦˣʱȫȷСǱԼȫĿˣȻ洫۵Чȷʵϵǿ
뵽۵Ľܣǰڵǿߵ˼룬ܱʱĿʮңɼҩҩǿᣬǺεȵı̬
һ̣ҩЧļţٶ˵˽⣬ȶڲйˡ
ɶɲǣҲһְ׻ĸо
ΪһʮŮȻҲ˾֮յĹأײò̾ˣǼ黫Щ̬ˣ
аңȴ֪ȶȻ黫Ҳıֻ̬ǿеҩۺΪĳЩľ֮İˡ
֪ԼΪԻҩ۵ϣȻ̫ȣΪʱ䲻Щ綦ĶҩȻǲ֪ġ
Ҫǣ磬ױһֱۺڵǿ߽ôԶǰڲЧأ
ˣʹһβ˸
ţҪȵôѵڲҸһôȶȻʵ
ţǰûЧģΪҪҹ¹»֮
»֮ʲôȶȵʵ
ʱͻˣܼ򵥵ġ׿ãĻشţƺ֪˭
ˣʱãһ˿ȵ飬ڲʱһڿˮ飬÷ȶ̶ȣһ㡣
ţˣˣϵʱٹСúϢɣҾͲˡȶ˵
΢΢漴գ´۾Ȼڴĵȶҡҡ
ˣ֪ҺãǣϰɡȶĵһЦȻ׼תȥȻ
͵һѱסȶȻƺһףȻ˫ֺݺݵǶȥ
һԾ˵ĵط׺ĺݺݵѡ
ء
޴ʹݺݵĳŷȶģ
ȶ̲סһУȻɱȻǣݺݵһ׵Դһȫޱڷŭ֮кıֳ˳ɱ
׺ܣȻҵţ˫ȻĴ󣬶ȶ˲侲һڽӴ׵Դ͵ջ˽˳ɵ
ֻǣȻһ˳ȥݺݵײǽϣȻֱӵĻ˹ȥ
˿̣ȶ־ŭɫ仯˺üΣȴʲôû˵
˿ǰ˺Ƶ¶׵ĨأǸʵظڴ˿̶ķʹȶɫһһϵģ쳣ѿ
ߣҵõ»֮Ҳ㸸
ȶ͵͵˵Լ壬Ȼˡ
ף˿ȴǽЩ˶УˣԭԼڽֶδЩ˿ȴǺ޹˼ˡ
ȶǬ֮óһֱӵһģȻ˱ѸٵĴһµǳɫĳۣ֮ǰǱҲƬ̱ʧˡ
ʱʱ㴫֣ص˵ȶôˣ
˵ţ֣صѸٵⷿų
û£߻ħˣǲõģϢһûˡ
ȶЦ˵漴˷ţȻֽŹϣԼȴ߳ɵķ䡣
˿̣֣ص漴¶ֻ
Ǿ뵽棿Цǳȶ㣬ǻᵣĸƨǸ˻ģ߻ħõϢˣ
һۣǷ׷ЦԵüĿġ
ȶ￴Щ˵ʵԼͬҲ뷨Ϊ峤ŮȻֳɫһ䣬Ϊױ绤ʲô̬ȣ֮ͬôôŬΪǷϼ壬ô


459 ռ飨4
˵ǳάף˵ǸЩûʲôĻСһ󵼣Щ˸ǼɺףǶԹޣ
ߣŬΪ˼壬ҿΪ˳ȶɣ֣˵˿̣֮ǰҵЦѾʧˣ
Щպ޵뵽֣Ĵ㣬ߣ˵ά㣬ȴ˲֪ôάСӣĳһ㿴СӵĿ֪ӵĺãʱǰһۣ
ЩȻֱ˵Ȼ֪ĺɵܣԴʧܹһ֮󣬼ǱܵģʶþͲô򵥣
΢ᣬɣ˵Ҳûţңһ˿ĻɣҲֻһǱڵıܶѣԼû̫ӡ
Ͼһ˻˼⼮ӵܣ˭ȥ˭˭ֻȥע˭ǵĶ󻹲ࡣ
ȶԣȴ֣أ̬Ⱥܺð
֣һ漴ЩʧĵԲ𣬳ȶҡ
ˣǴҶɢ˰ɣˡ
ȶ˵꣬㳯Լķȥ̣ûлͷ֣صһۡ
֣ͷκȻպޣȴҲֻܴԹޣԻصԼķ䡣
ȥʱ򣬼˾ǺݺݵĵǷһۡ
˿̣׷֮УȻڵϣǽڣһѪ˿
֮ǰȶ֣֪ģǶԷ˲䱩¶ʵɱ⣬׺ȻľΪɱ⣬Բһʱ֮۵ģջģ
ɱ⣬ʵ̫Ũˣֻк˲Ũҵɱ⣡
˿ףԷȻ뽫ԼĨɱˣ
жϳһ㣬иЩŭ뵽֮ǰȶĻǸ׵ɫЩѿˡ
ߣϣѣ֪ʱôһӱᱡ¼ϷȶҲԻġ
Ϊ䲻ֶεȫʶˡ
ȻԴҩߣΪҲҶ㣿ߣָе治ƺڷ澹ȻиǸԼˣҪʹ˼˰ɣ
ааССֲȥǵѪҺȻվһ֮ڴʼ
һΣܵʵǲģȻֻɵǺݺݵԴϵζ״˿̵Գܵģ
뵽һ㣬ױЩƣ棬Ȼô壬һ˽Ķ
룬׶

ҹܿ١
Ǭ֮ͳɫĵ裬׳˼Ƭ̣һ˿Ц
һ۵󷨣κϢСš
̳ǵĳڶ಻˵ǰ֮ˣʵǲȻǿޱȣҲҴ⡣
Ͼ̳ǳ֮һ񻹴ڵĻ׿һðյĺ
ȻһӰϻϣȻ˿Զһݻĸ¥΢΢
һ£׵Ľ֮˲ĸһֽϣֽڸ˽֮֮󣬶ʱƺһ㡣
ֽķǸ¥ϵĴ̨Ȼֱƴ롣
Σȴ˿޲׵С
˿̣ҴһڴżҵĻ˶ϺƳ̸ЩƶǴޱȣʵ׸̾
ΪµʲʵЩ־ǿȻȫȲѣȻ
ֽݺݵҴٷȥԭʮܵҴ٣Ȼһ֮Ǽ˵Ũҡ
񣬲һŶѣȴзһʱ
ȻԤƵʵҪǿ֣֮ײû˶ɵʲô
竾竣װģվɫȻ־ĥ˲١
һַǳõԼֶΣҲܲ˵һֺĥ־ֶΡ
ŵǣԷȶһ㣬Բ٣ĺױԿ϶
ֱֽӵıҴץУ漴ɫ粻ı˱䣬ûжж
ֻǣѾŵССֱԼҵլԺ
ֽϣֻ֣һ򵥵·ͼ
֣ǣȶҲţ죬һ
Ȼջ䲻ãһӰѾ˷Ĵǰ
һ򿪣ӰȻ˽
һ£УһͷβĵĴ硣
˫۾ױЦˡ
棿ұк£ʵ֮УȻһаɭ֮
٣˺ܾãھٺͷȶǣˣԴʵϼ巴ɵϼĸˣߣҲǷҲϼһֻ߹ˣ
׹ŭ˵
ЦҲ˵ֻͬɵӰĿס
ײ֣ҲȻΣҲˣȶǾԲܵģϼ⽫ȶ٣񣬼ȻȶһϵңֻҪ˳÷ȶģôٱлˡ
ߣʲôȻҲҺͱⷽȶһŮ˰ˣ֮ʹ͸㣬Ҳ㲻ʲô
Ȼ
ȴǺȻЦһپԴͶϵôߣֶΣֻǵĳСˣ
һ㶣漴Цȷʵʵ˵ɣʲôʲôô
ǣ֮󣬱סϼĵλôǽõȶĴ֮
ҧĵ˵
˻һкȻһ󾲼š
Ƭ̣һ£ҡ
һ̣һźɫҩ裬Ȼ䵯ĺ֮Уٶȣǵػ弶ĸԭֻǶܲˡ
΢΢һ֮󣬵ãҽˣǸֶεĻ֪ʲô
׵ͷĵȻǴˣҵǿɽڵһξֶΣ᱾ĩˣ
΢΢ͷ漴С
֮˾Ƿ˻ĵЦȵ׵ļСӣ濴ǼٺңɼţĪʵǸߣߣ
׺ٺһЦ֮ɫĵٺ٣һһˣⷽϼƵļˣСĻ᲻óȥأ
ٺ٣ףģֻҪˣһģ
˵꣬˼˲仯Ӱٴεʧڴ⡣
ʱ򣬴һ˵ػʿǵõԭغʱ֮ڣκζԽ׳ذ벽
ףǿʼڷ֮һЧ󷨡
һε߼޻ͽ赶ɱ˵ƲߣݣȻǽ֮
һںܶݵʱ䰮׵֮׵Ȼڴǰȴ
ʱ򣬾Ƿȶʱ򣬶ȶʱ򣬽Ǽƻʼʱ
֮ĺڰ죬׸˶ԷһĵĿο񣬶ԭԼЩɵ죬ǰ
ҩĻ㿴ðɣϾҵҩôЩɵģʱ鿪ʼұ˳ʿһȫʲô
֪ԶɣΪȶòټһݳ롣
Ȼڳ׵ķ
˿̣ſڴˡơ΢СƺżĻź
Ȼ֪ǶֶεķȶһԻĵֶζѣ
ȶ𣿿ɡԵЩ˵漴ʼıݡ
֨һһ϶һݶӰѸٵ˽ȻĵĹš
һķ۳ϢĵĽ׵֮УʱƺЩǵķȶһ
ֱ飬ȴ΢΢һԼ´ҩˣ˼֣ѵè棿ҩܿԼ˼ά


460 ռ飨5
ȶĶʮֵ䣬ʵϣҲ׵Ŀˣ˿̣ȶʵ֮֮ǰսʱʵǿ̫ˡ
һ㣬ײѷ֣ȶ֮ǰսΪʲôӦǺԵġ
Ȼʧȥ˼ĵһʸ񣬵һײһ󵼣ȶʵǿ١
һ󵼣ΪʵĲԲǺܴԼɵ֮ķ̫ǿ
˵ⵯǷ۳ַ֮Ѹݣٶ֮죬ʵ׶Щա
Ī˵ûʲôʱȥз׼ʱȥ͵ϮȽѶ㿪
ȻҲֻǶʵΪ˻˼˶ԣ׶ԣԸԷֶεóѣȻźܶķƽ⿴Ƕ񶾵ֶεġ
ֻǴ˿ײûзϾⳡƣҲŸոտʼѡ
ۼȶеļɵ֮ɫ˼֣֪Լı֣ѾʱĹˡ
΢΢¶ּϲı飬ͬģı֮УҲһЩİûںѹı飬ЩۺһȻ͸˫Ƚϴ۾ЩͺʹıֳǼ˵ɱġ
Ȼȶڿ֮󣬶ʱĿ΢΢һ漴΢΢һЦƺǴȵ˵С棬飬ҲˣʱҲ㣡ĻǱѶˣ
ȶȻϴ⣬Ǵ˿ˣȻ˵ɭ䣬ǻ֮䣬Ƕ˼´ġ
ȴʵıֳһɵĳģݺݵĵ˵ͷȶģһôô嶯ģҡҲ֪ΪʲôԲһע⡭
ΨΨŵŵģɹƭĻͬŮˡ
Ȼ˫û˿Ĵ⡣
׵̸ڰ֮е죬ȴɱһݣƺΪ֮ǰڷȶССðЩɺޣ
һ㣬ʵҲ׵֮УκǵĶ󱻱ȶˣֻ£׼ڣҲܲ˵ġ
Ϊ̫⣬б˺ܶĲʹ죬һ㣬˴˿̵
Ȼɱ⣬ȴʱ¶ɱ⣬һεĲ군ֻᣬʵ̫ѵˣ첻ܾôķ
һһȻӽ
˿̣ȶȴǲԸൢˣֱӿżɽʵС棬أھʾһ¸ҿɡ
ȶ˿ٴεĿʼչֳĵıˡ
ĳ֣׵ܵǿҵӰ죬ͬʱ׵ĴҲһĻԡ
¶ĸоãĸоѸٵȫһ̣оЩƮʸС
һݣʱ֪һΣȶ֮ԸӵĽΪһεҩˣ
ΪԪǿѣεĸоֻ˼˶ݵƬ̣ȫʧˡ
Ԫҩڵһ֮׵Ԫ񣬶ԵĿԣ
һױ̬Ԫ۵ĹЧҲȫķӳˡ
ʽˣ״˿Ȼ˹ȴӽıֳԻģ
ʱ֪ĹؼҪˣû˵ֻһĵľҪڵϡ
ʱ򣬷ȶҲ΢΢һ㶣漴ҩЧ̫ǿˣ˾Ȼû֧ס
ȶûйȥףΪףѾо˶ĵĳ̶ȣôԽȥأ
ߣȻȥˣһ־Ȼ˫滹ڳɳٸˣڶʹײˣףȶ˵Ǻ޲ܳƤģôȥ
ǹؾûŪ֣ȶҲһȥίԼ
лţҩЧȻǿ󣬲Ӧúܿ죬ױѹһʱ򣬿ЩҩۣٿԼӴľҪƶԷҪԷʲôǻǼ֮
ֻǣƺһʼͲûƵչ
ΪصףȻʺѪˮɫҲ𽥵ĲҰ
⣬İ¹ԵһƬɭ͹졣
ʱ򣬷ȶҲĲԾЩֵĿ˿ףȻСĵ˹ȥ
С棬ôˣ
ȶ̽ʵ
죬ûлش
ȶЩ죬ЩǣĪҩЧԾҩˣ
ЩԣȶӦòϸȶȻһ
ȷʵԻ˵Ķҩһó˲ЧȻһ洫ط֮ᵽҩһôĻֻҩЧʧѣûʲô󰭣һЩĵطôĻҩǱȽϸҵĶҩˣҩЧֱ֮ͣ
뵽һ㣬ȶҲôˣײʱ鴤µĽӲ壬Լ԰ֽɫȶһʱ֮ꡣ
ˣȻ군Ҳ̫Ļ˰ɣûи㵽أ
ȶЩŭ˿֮Ǭ΢Ӧһ£ȷʵŽҩȶԥƬ̣ûóҩ
ٴγƬ̣ȶ𽥵ĸ׵ǰȻѯС棬ôˣҪųȶѰ
忪ʼӲѾûʲôӦʱȶֻЩ㬵ĸо
̾ϢһԵĳԾ֮ɫƬ̣ȶ˾
ξȷŹɣȽ׳ˣĻٺˣȶ˵漴һöƿ
ƿСƺֻĴָСȫ͸֮뵵Ĺת
ƿڰʵķȻɢѤɫʡ
ƿһɫĵҩ׵֮󣬷ȶһߵȴ
ʱһţԼСʱң׵ԵĶһ£ȻλҲʼԵĲ
ȶѾӦ׵Ķ˿̼״æĵС棬⵽ôˣɣ
ԳԻյģǾȵĵȶǲ˼ҿƺȷʵЩԾ֪ôˣڳȶǰңҶ޲Ҹضȥˣ̫ˡ


461 ռ飨6
ȶԣߵһЦûʲô̫ŶСӺܿɰأ
ԣʱƤһֶ񺮵ĸоȻӲͷƤɰȶҡ뷽һ£֪ô£ȫ̫
ȶɫʱ΢΢Щѿ뵽ҩĹЧȷʵ̫ͣǽҩҲŻŨҵݣȷʵ޷ܡ
㣬Ҫ೤ʱ䣿
ȶס˵ĶģȻ˵ǲ壬˵˺ܾˡ
ΨΨŵŵĵŵһʱҰɣ壬ǲ֪ô£ȶԲ𡭡
ûȥɣҵǣ֮󣬿ɲٳôЩ߰ŶȶЦ˵
аޣ֪ĵϸֶΣ㲻ʹЩԸңȻҲ㣡
ĳɵʲô˲õķȻ㣬ϧɵ̫֮أҩߣߵһǻã
ţȴһɵΨΨŵŵģųܡ
ȶͲмȴֵĲԣֻǿףȻ۽ǺЦĿĶ崿
Ŷȶ˵ˣϼƺҲ֪˻˼飬Ҵ˵Ҫң֪ǲġ
ҴˣǳȶϽ뿪˺Σյġ
ʱ򣬷ȶвһݣĿһۣһֿģѣʱв
뵽µĻԼԼҴʵȻУǲ˻߼ԼʵûţˣȶҲôġ
ңĸӦ֮ѾΧԲǧ׷ΧһֱûиӦʲôȻǲʲô
ΪҪǣһıɱֻҪڷԲʮ׵ķΧڣͬ˲һٶ˲ڶԷΧȻ󽫶Էݺɱ
ΪһķɽɽʮⲻҪģΪҪǣɽȫɫ͸ģڿռ֮УͲ۱ʶ
٣ڲִٵ£ϺܿӰģ
ΪЩȶžԵš
ңϼ壬Ҳûô٣ϼ廹һڰԵıչǱޣһͻ˵ľ磬ô
ϼ壬ȶĶԷĸôģȻ˵ϼоѵǿߣʵϼѾֻһ򵥵ļˣ
ȶţеǷݺȻ併ٵĲ
ʱûз֣֮кȻһĲȻһźɫĵҩȻĺ󱳡
΢΢һȴûзκεĲס
̣ȻҲ
뿪֮ЩߣȻԶһéһֱûж
ģֻһСɵӰӰѣҲ˶ѡ
ףѾԭ·أС档
ʱ׵ȫ䣬ʹ˵ľš
ʱ򣬷ȶĸӦƺûиӦԶ졣

ǿġҰһּǿҩģмֲ
֮ǰһУ˵ǰ㣬ȫȫһģһľ컳ɣǲ˴ͨ˵ƭġ
ڿŮ˾Ȼ¶ʵ֮ûκεĻˡ
Ҫһɽ˲ŲϧԶڽŮó˵ġŮˣʵȴ໥öѣ
ǿһ㣬췴ûлˡ
ط첻ΪԷҶԼ¶֣ң˵ЩԼʵʵҲѾﵽ˻˼۷壬Ǳصķֳ߼˻ľ磬ԣʵԲẦˣʲôֶεģ
Щԭ޼ɵ
ڣ巢Ĺ֮Щա
ΣȻɶǲûʧ
ڷȶ΢ЪϢһƬ̣춸Ȼ䶯ˡ
еԴҩͬһɵȻѾ˷ȶ档
ӱֱӵû֮УǿֱӵĽƤƿˡ
ִҩһ壬ɢҩԼŨң
Ҫǣ׵ĺɫҩʱã
˵˻˼ż֮ĸ֣лģ֮ǰͿǵһ㣬ױԺɫĵҩƿһĻš
ɫҩ˵뻹׷ѳԪȻĿơ
Ȼûȣʲôݺݵؿһָоȶİ
Ұһ񡱵ҩԣ˲䱬
ȶԤϣȴ룬ײ뿪СʱҴپȻˣ
Ȧףľɺϣ
ʱֱӴĺڰ˳Ц벻ԭֻһϼСӵģȴ㣡Ҳ
ȶʱ͵Ĵ󾪣˼ĵ㣬㾹Ȼ
ֵô˿̶˵ȴҩԱ˹ЦߣҲǺֶΰ棬Ǽ֮ϼһֱ⣬֮󣬱ٸԼأѾ˶ˣԼ֪
ߣԭ鲢û㸴ӣֻǲǶҩȻܽϵĶʵҾ¶
ȴ룬Ҳ棬ȻǿҩЧ֮£ﵽϴЧԣ˿éֻǳˡ
ȶɫı仯ţĿⲻʱøӺɱȻ
ֻһ̣ı鴤˼£ɫ쳣ѿ
ڵȻʧΣһʹˣ
ȶʱ򾪺֮Ҫȣֻǿϧôܸᣡ
͵ĳȥֱһµס˷ȶѨȻٺһЦŷŭķȶһԵļ򵥵̴ľϡ
ľϵȣѾ̳ɵĺˣƺһж׼һ
ʱ򣬼ƷĴҩҩЧҲѾﵽ۷״̬ȶһƬĻȣϣҲɢһŨҲŴӵ㡣
ζʱĻŭţ޲ǹ
ֻǣѸٵĽϵɾ׼ȥʱȻԴ͵һѣΣȻһǾŭĵ˵ϣ
ʱһףѾ˷ȶǰ
ԼԪ񣬱ҲԼײ㵱ľΪУΪδܴﵽԼʵĳ̶ȣ
ˣҪֻǽʵż֮ɱḶ́ѾҪˡ
ǰļ䣬Ѿˣһʱ򣬷ػԪԪһбѾ㹻ˡ
ʱһףĹޣ
ԣΪԼ壬ܸܵ鰮ʹ죡
ټϴ˿˵ͬԼģټŮˣȷʵǼƷ׶Ȼܾ
ơǱֶΣǱزٵһ
£ײҴˣԣԼˡ
ȻҲǶ֮ǰһֱŮŪıѣҲ˶ѣ
Ȼٽ飬ȻоһݵıŤ˸ооܿʧˡ
˿̣ȶѾȫıˣ׻ûп˺Լ·ҷĺҸԼ壡
ʵڵʱ򣬷ȶǿֿջ󣬵ֹŨҵĴҩֱ׵ԪԺ֮ɱ˼άԴ˿̵ķȶȫĲ֪ԼڸʲôֻڷķйԼıܶѣ
׵ѸٵԼϵսףȻһѽȶϵﶼ˺ͬʱ˲Űɫȵȣ˺
ͬǰɫĨأ˿Ҳס״ˡ


462 ռ飨7
еһӿʱʮ־µĨأʱҲʧˡ
һѾӨ͵ʶ֮ͦ
ֵƵĹΣֱԲַ۵Ϊ֮
˿ıȫı˳ټ۵ǿҩЧҲоԼ巢˻ȵˡ
ĵףƺһ˿ԥǻ˲佫Ȼݺݵ˹ȥ
״³ǸͦأʹԾӨı任ģ
ͬģȻоһЩССĸĴڣЩײİⷽȶڷ֮Уãƺûдﵽѵ״̬
۵ѣָͷУϵ𽥵ļӲͬʱһֻ֣ҲѾƽ̹Сȥ
һƬʮϡǳɫë֮أֱӵĴﵽһѾʼӨ͸Һصش
һƬϿ֮ΪĶ
ѹ˻ڲϵŤ֫ķȶϣͬʱַ˶ԷߵϣϵţǾ˵ĵԡ
׵ĿڣҲ˿Ĳĺסұߵķ۵ѣϵһҧţȻһͷȦһ˱ת۵ѹȥȻָ
ѾصĵشӨҺʹһƬشЩˣֻǸɢ㣬ȴױȽϵ
ŮˣǼƷ
׵ָһƬĤⲿİѹţ֮СܣԼǷȶҪײԥֱӵķѹȥ
ֱӽȸֿ̧̧Ȼ׼Ǹۺķ϶Ȼ͵ĳŹᴩ˽ȥ
СС֮һƬȶյĸо͵ĽģʱֻȫĺëΪ֮һˬ
ͬʱȶĽ͵Ĳһ£廹סҵĳ鴤˼£Ť֫
ȶƺʲôãĴ߷£ֻ֪ĽصͨţȻŤ֫
ʱףǾüˬ
̧ݺݵ§ŷȶķ۱еԵúݺݵѹԼϣȻҵĳ鶯
͡͡
޴ײ֮ϵ׶Ϊʮխ˿ڷȶʶ֮Уֽնĸоʮֵĵģ
о궼ҪƮһʱļӴ˳鶯Ƶʡ
ٶȣҲֻǿʺͱ̬ԪףӵУ
̣һֱϵĳţ
ĳ鶯µĴ̼Ķڲϵѹ֮£ַɣĶо˾Եɡ
һоŷȶ岻ϵĳ鴤ʵķٶȣ
̣ѾǷȶĵˣҲǷȶĵεĸߣˡ
ΪֹȻ̼ңȻûне˵ĳ̬֮ǰʱѾйĳ嶯ˣΪָоʵ̫жˣ궼űûйǼѰܵĸо
ȶĽкţܵĲϵķй
һŮ˿ȻЩˣɼνġҰһ񡱿϶ϣŮ˶
ʵ֮ͣٴεļٳϵһѹһԾӨã
˿̣ȫѾֳ˷ۺɫķȶƺܵ鰮ľ飬ʼʼ»ζԼ
һǶԷ۵öʱ¸׵ţ޵İĦһ㣡
ȫˬ벻ŮˣȻˣǹȻﰡ
ײٶ룬Ӵٶȵĳ
һʱĸǳá
һʱ֮ȫţѵľ͵Ļ֮У
ȵľںݺݵײڻʱʹԭ֮ǰѾúܽķȶ̲סһСȻû忪ʼĲ鴤һʱ䣬ͬʱﵽ˾Ե˷ܵ㡣
֮һֱʱĳ֣һֱ賿ʮֵ֣ʱһεҵĳţڶεľȫǷĵĻ
һε飬ܵ˼Ŀ⣬ȴûʲô֮УϾŮȶ˺ݶģֻʵұԻѣ
Ǻ׵ĵطʱѾŢˣѪ˿аɫĽҺҲžӨ͸ڷȶҺ
︧˼ѣȻ󿴿ϵһƬѪһ̲̲İɫż͸Һӵǽ壬ûж뷨
һָһɽʱڴϾȡһЩҺһЩѪˮȻԱߵĵطͬʱΪ֮ǰҩԣ״˿̿һ£Сܶʱ̵̧ͦͷ
һҺ͵棬ǻŵ죬嶼ɳ鴤һ¡
һֽš𣬶˷ȶԱߣ˿ŵķȶ̲סֺݺݵ˼ѡ
ȫһֱӵĽϵԼһЩζ˸ɾȻһͨ·֮ȴû뿪
Լͷųȥһ˿ѵԪȻ⿪˷ȶѨƣⷿػ󷨣ٴε
ʱ򣬷ȶĵת
ۣȶֻȫ΢΢ҵʹʹ̲סƺһ
Ȼ䣬ЩãķȶɫȻ䣬漴ߵǸں˯ȫһ˿ңͦŻѪ˿Һӣɫ͵ز԰

ȶסһҺȻɵһ㣬һʱ䲻֪룡
ֻ׻ûлعʱһ̣ȶ΢΢һϱɢһֱӵĽϵ۶˸ɾȻɫҲ˲һսס
гһķɽŴ߻˯ŵ죬еĽݺݵķ˳ȥ
ֻǣգһûɱȥ
һ㣬׵֮⣡
˿̣׷ӶԷ֮пһ˿һ˿ãһ˿֮ǰ鰮̵׷䣡
ȶɫȻ䣬һ̣ƺѾȫıһˣĲ۽ǹžӨˮߵߣȻĺݺݵƳȥ
ƣֱӵĽ֮ɳݺһѪˮ
˿̣Ҳ˹˿̣һԻ״̬Ϊ֮ǰԵʱѾ֪˶ˡ
Դ˿̣켸Ǳܵģо˳֮󣬻оɱ⣬ȻûпǰˣҲǱܵ͵ļ˷ɽȻŷȶɱȥ
ȶɫ䣬֮ⷬƺңӦ˲٣ͬʱ͵ĺ˼֣еķɽ͵к˹ȥ
и񵲵ζҲжڶԷ֪ôķŭ
ֻǣһ¸񵲣ƺȫʧȥ˷ΪľʹʹһķλȻȻһĽǶȣ͵Ĺᴩţ

ű͸˲䣬Ĳ˼飬ȻܵĲҺһ鴤£Ŀĵ˵ϡ
һֱ̣뿪ˣȶɵɵĴԭأôЩţһжģ

үү
죬үˣ
ԶȸģǼʿųģǳЩׯԺμӱ˵Ѿߺǡ
˵ʱ򣬷ȶѾ뿪ˣŵʱ򣬺ܶѾˡ
ף˿ȫһ֮еĳ²ʡĵéӵԱߡ
˿̣㲵ģȽŷᱳʹһеĶҪȥװ
ʲУԪǿҲãи̾ţôһҹ˿̺ˣЩȽŷˡ
Ӧ⵽ʼףһεƣǴ󹦸ˡ


463 
ϼү£㹻ĺ䶯ˡ
ô˵Ŀ֮Уȫ㣬ϴѪ죬ɵˣףǰǷʲô
Ƭ̣ϼ֮峤б㶼ֳǿһĻʱɫʱҲʮֵѿˡ
˵ʲôѾزʵˣκֻҪ룬Ͷ֪ӦҴͼԷȶȶɱ
ʱҲû˵ʲô峤Уȴǲ֪˵ʲôɳһ㣬˵
˿ԶԶĬĬվķȶԭ䣬ǿ㲵ʱ򣬾ϵķֻʵǶµĻš
Ƭ̣ϼĳԼϼ峤ˣΪ֮ǰ͵õȷеϢһٶȺܿ졣
һȺ˾һԣһ㽫Ҵٵʬ̧ˡ
Щ˵ĶѸ٣ŵĳУһһ͹ԳһʮѹȺ͹ա
һ̧ʬˣʣˣɫɨˡ
ֱȺ֮з˷һˡ
ãܺã£ûκεأϼ壬׼ıɣ
ϼ峤һɫ֮꺺ӳ˵
д˿ɫҲǺȻʮֵѿͬߣϼ嵱˵ã壿ƾϼҲ䣿
ϼ庺Цô
漴ת˵λһεıϼӳһ£Դ˿̣ϣҾ뿪
ȻʲôҰӷϼ˵ĻôߣĪϼ崥֮ˣ

Ⱥ֮жʱͬըһ㣬ʱʱƺſʼɵ
ԭŵһ˿˿Ĳʱȫɢˡ
ȷʵ˭Զ췽ȴʱ䣬£˵ȷʵ޷ܣȨı˽
ǣΣ
ԭż˵Ĳˣ֮ˡĸ֮󣬶ʱ㶼Ϣˡ
֮˵ʵʵ̫ˣھ֮˵Уǵػżˣżˣͬһ㣬ʵǲһ
һһƣ϶һƬ
Ͼż֮ԪӤ֮ˣɵ֮ĸ֣
ɴ˿ʵ֮Ĳ࣬ʵǷǳľ˵ģ
Ϊˣһ֮˶ԣΪֲ飬ĪڱǵЩνľ֮˵ˡ
ȻһЩĵĹ涨߱ߵĵ򡢿ռ䷶ΧߵķΧȴҲŲֵľ֮ˡ
ңνĲĵĹ涨ҲֻǼ򵥵Ĺ涨ѣһлǴʵ
ԣûԸνľ֮˹ȥΪǲԼȥ
Ⱥ֮жʱ۷׷ףһ̵Ķ֮󣬼ֱǷ˼ġ
˵ϼûɣһ仰ļˣ׷׵װȻ뿪ˡ
ʱԶԶӦŵףƺļҳ̶ȸһ㣬ó׼õķʱȻȻһСɽϵһűȽϸߵĹϡ
Ҷ֦ѾΣٹһľ֮ױ㲻ٶˡ
Ԫ΢΢ͷųӦ߷һС

ಮϣ飬ȻˣҾͲˣе˶׷ʲôֻǣȻҿ϶ţϣǻĹģǱƵüˣұǶӵͬʱ
һֱû˵ķȶ˿ȴǺȻ˵
һ仰νٴε˾ˣ
˿̣ȴǾŭӵĵȶαˣҲǾ֮ˣϼߣϾҪˣ£
һ仰ٴε˾ˣ
ϼ峤˿ϵıʮֵľʣʱ鴤һ£Ȼסˡ
ϼо֮˵飬ģ˵ȷʵнӽ֮ˣǻûоѣ
żǿ߶ѣң֮ˣпʵ̫ǿǿҲ˵
ߣϼİ̽Ѿڷϼʵɺͼɵ׼ȴǲ顣
ֻǣ˿̿ԷȻǿӲ̬ȺͶϼ岻мϼ峤бһĵǡ
ϲûʾ̫뷨ֻһʱЩ
£ŪĺȷʵŪĲˣսⲻ˵ˡ
֮Խ֧֧ߣʵϼ峤Ҳǰ涯ַ档
˿̣Щӵ峤ˣȻҲ׹ʣѾ뿪ˡ
жŵģֻǷϼ˺ϼˡ
ϼ峤һ仰ϼ峤ͷ䣡
Ǹʲôˣû˱ϼ峤иΪ׵ˣȶĵλڷϼ֮УԲڷ峤ĵλ
ʮ֮ǰﵽ˻żⲢ֣ʮﵽ˻ż磬ԼѼνˣ
Էϼӳ̶ȣһ߶֪ȫˣֳãûúõĽϼֻǲݣ
Ǿ䣬ϼڣ
ϼ峤˼üͷصһ峤ʲô˼ߣ棬˲𰡣
˵ţеĲм֮ɫŨ
еǱı鱻סˣһ漴ôǱȴ˼ҳɣ
ϼ峤˿üͷһƣȶ£ϼѪôȺֻ֮Ҫȶɣ
ûϼѪôߣϼ壬ϼǲݣ
Ц峤ֶΰҷϼԸݣҲܽȶϼ壡ûκ
֣ߣȡ๼

ϼ峤ʱŭ漴͵ĳһƣ
һƵ֮󣬼ֱʮֵľˣ
һͬХһľ˶ʱһգһ˿֮ǱըǴŻƣ
ʵ𺳺𾪣


464 
ֻǣֻһЦȻ͵Ǭһģʱһ޴Ĺֱ֣ӵĽϼһ˶档
͵ĳڹϣֻĻζһ£ָƽ
˿̣ϼ峤˼ƺ֮
ȻķããϼȻ˵ã峤Ц
û˵ʱŴȴ˵ˡ
ڤ㲻Ҫ̫ڣҷϼ嶼ûг֣ҪףԳȶڷҵĵλûнϼ˶Ѿǲˣ
ߣαҵȳĶȴǲǺֶΰĪ˵๼һΣҲйޣ
ѵһţôĻˣϼ廹
ԽȨߣȻԽǲ׵ķսϾ֮⣬ļǻֻҪʵΣȻԳ룬һȴģֻ·һ
ͬģϼ峤ϼ峤׵ģ˲һֱû̸С
˿̣֣ػǷκۺľˣ۵ŭĶϼˣƺһԲ;Ҫƴģ
ŮȶǵУɶŮһĴڣŮȴǱˣ
һ㣬֣ص˸޷ܣ
ϼ峤ڤ˿ҲмּɵˣȻʹ࣬ǷŴĻҲȷʵеȶһŮӲͬ
ֱӵ˶ԷڶԷĪӰԺҪͻƣȷʵѣ˵ȷʵǻˡ
ң˵һ㣬ԼȥĺȻĹؼʱŪ飬ʵ̫ڵˣ
£ԵҲѾ˳ȥĳЩˣҴ֣
һʲô紵ݶֻ¶˵УҵĵλֻǶˣ
İΣȥһĺǰ߻ǺҪģ
ǣôķϼ峤ĺܲģ
뵽Էνķ棬ϼ峤ڤʱֻεĿЦˡ
鵽һô˵ҲѾ޲ˣϼռһǧ꣬ʵΣж
ȶԲ£һڵкĻô£ˣ
ʱô̸ţȹ죬ȥ̸
ڷ棬һͲҪóˣϼӽѺ;ѵˣҲһЩģʵȻûɵôǿҲǼССļܿģ
ڤ˵ûаֻȥ˺Ĺ¶ͱ
ǱĻȴкȻ
ã£͵峤Щʱ̸ɣǾ仰˵ʲôƽƽ£ϣҶ⡣
ڿĻͲ˵ˣϼ˼Ļҷϼʱ㡣
Ҳ˿õ˵
ЩԼԼѣδģǼľӢһ£ʧɵǲСģ
ôţȻ֣Щӵ֮Уƺһˡ
ϸһ룬ɲǸô
һڵĵطȻԺǰһ£ǷҲЩԾˣ
һֱıȽϼ٣˶ûⷽ룬˿̣뵽һʱ򣬷кȻһȵȥˣ
ȶһһ˿ɱ⣡
ˣȻ˿̺֮ǣ
ĺûκεĹϵϰԵģһеζƵųϡ
ȶûлش𣬷иʢŭ
˿̣ȶûν츳ǷеŮҲһ֮˶ѣ˷˿ûаϧ֮飬ɫȻһ䣬
峤˿Ѿȥ֪ԺԱֲϾһ峤ȥĸԵĳԱסһС䡣
˿̣ƺӦڤ뿪˸ӦķΧ֮ڣɫѾȫıˣʮֵ䡣
˵Ϊʲôķ﷢飿ȥһдʵ˵Ȼߣ
Է˱仯̬ȣȶһ˿ϣʱҲˣɫһʱü˵䡣
漴£˶ûйϵڣѾԭķȶˣҲûͻƵϣԣҲǷϼˣԶ˳ϼ壡
˵˳˳ߣ»û꣡㲻˵ãߣȥȽԭ棬Ȼ
Цţת㳯Ժȥ
ʱתĶûɣжȻѾһӰŷȶϮȥٶȼ죡
ȶȴƺ׼ڷи˵껰֮󣬱һھѪ˶ʱһѪӰԶݶȥ
һ˸գʱɫӵѿϵıԵЩ
ֻʲôû˵뿪ϼ塣
ˣŴڣκλĬĬĵͷں档
ʱκ˶ѾˣƽʱȶΪ÷еĳ谮˿һʧ֮󣬾Ȼ˶Դ
ɴ˿ɼʵǲпģЩָʱ򲻳۵ŭУǶڷȶνİ
ںͷеϱʱһж㲻ʲôˡ

˿̣׵ɫЩ粻˵ʮֵ粻
ƻʧˣ˵Ǳɹˣȴʧˡ
ϼǿϼǿЩϢƲġ
ЩϢҲԴϢʮǧ
ԣһεʧܣǼƻʧܣڼƻ֮ǰѾעʧܣ
ȻЩ˶ûʲôνģֻȨ棬˵ֻʵ
׺ЩΣڤ峤ȻǳɴµˣԼĶӱɱˣȻ˲Ųʣ
ϼ峤УǺڷȶʧȥüֵ֮󣬾ȻƶԷΪܣȻǾϲģ
׺Щƻν޷죬ȴû뵽ΪϵĴ󣬶޷ʵС
ǴɱϼϼһЩǿìܵģǳɲˡ
鲢ҲͬôֻҪųһҥ˵ȶѾϼĨɱ£;޷ԲĽˡ
սҶ֣ðԷɱжԵһһìȻˣƻȻԲˡ
Щ˼֮󣬱Ѿ
Ǵ˿ɫ粻Ϊ££Ǻͼƻ޹صģ
һ£Ƿȶν˺ӵ˵
ףһнĸʾԲߣֻŪô֮ԼЩˡ
Ů˵ĵУһʮֵǿһ㣬޷ϵģôɵĸʣȶĻġ
⻰˵˭ģ㲻Զˡ
ײɶԷʶʲôҲòЩ衣
ڶ£Ƿνԭԣ˿̣ӦѸٵ뿪ԭ˵
һΪԭƱؾȫĺͷϼ˳ֻµʱܵ޾׷ɱ
ߣʱϼһѻеƵԼͷϡô
˷ȶ˭Ҳ֪Ǽ䷿﷢ʲôҴٵҲǷ䷿ƵϣҲͽĳ·
˿̣Ҫô
΢΢ȻȾȳԭ˵ΪΣⲻ˱ϼѯʣʱ»֮Ļԣ϶õģ
ټϼ屾Ͷмɵ֮ģ֪
ӷȥ˼һ£ױԼ
ȽԭȳȻһطٺԭԼǰ˫ӪȥðԷĸɱˣˮ׵Ľ룬Ȼ󡭡ȥ·ȶ
һ̾һвܿƵʱ磬һжʮֵĸӺУ˲Ϣ䣬޷ơ
˻һӰֱӵʧǴϣԶȥ
û˷Ҳûз֣ɹĵطһš
ˣԭ
֪ҸլʲôȻ˵Ļң֪£һᣡ


465 ԡ1
еڶĸֲͬ˸ٽׯ԰ʱ½һʵǿ֮⣬Ҳûʲôǿˡ
ңԼĴЩС֮Уһ£Ǿǣεı洵ˣ
ŪˣǻȴʮֵѵãԭôʧȥѵһεĻᣡ
Ͼʱƺ˵ģˣ
ԭΣȻںڰĽʱ¡
һ죬û⣬ԣżֻǵһǳǳӰӰҲֻһš
ܿ죬ԭһĸլ֮У⴦լʮֵأҲʮֵļž
ֵĳܵһЩϵ·ʮֵš
ԭȻţȻһصǰе΢΢ת۳λģȻһתصţʱˡ
ԭСĵ̤˽ȥȻӰһֱӳһռ֮С
Ȼһ󷨡
ԭƺ˽⣬Сĵ֮дУûдһ˿
֮ԭһڻɽҰĵطȻ̵֮ͨռˡ
ܣҲ
ֻǣ̤ԭоȫһıƺȫĳ꺮һ
ȫëʱԭĶ
һȵˣǴ˿Ҳɽ֣ٱ򶨣Ҳļӿ
ߣɭȻɼɭð׹ǣһЩСͺŵúɵĹ
ЩЩޱȣЩɭ֮ǰ׻Ǻڣ˸һĹĹâ
Щԭ׵жϳЩŮĹɽ忴ֻŽŮڴˣ
ԭһľͬʱҲȻףԼдһ룬ֻҪˡ
÷Ѿˣ
ԭһıϵһЩСãзŭѣ⣬ӦôһЩССŮͯ
ŮͯûзŹ⵽ʲô
ԭ˵ǷŭǱֻԵĳĬţеɱ⣬Ѿ¶˳
ʮǰ߰Ůʧٵ飬Ǹʱ˺ܴĺ䶯ԭ֪ġ
ⴳ󷨣һУԭࡣ
ƺѾˡ
ԭ֪뿪Ѿǲˡ
֮ǰȫĸоʼѾ˼ţϣһˡ
ԭʵĵµʱЩţһ۵İ׹⣬ʱѾ͸أ
ôĲģ˾޴ľ룬ȴԲԿģ
߰Ǿ߰ѹ֣
һ˲䣬嵹ȥһ˲䣬ԭĬĬϲԣϣ棬ԶҪΪϣ棬һܺõĽ

ûлصɽţ׵Ȼһʱһʹĸо鲼ȫᾹȻĹ
Ȼ䣬ʲôΪܵĶ뿪һ׵ģʱ˼㣡
һȫĺë׵ɫһӱЩѿ
ûʲôصģ˲䱬ͬҵļһ㣬ֱӳԼɽš
ɽ֮Уյģһľš
һ͵߿ţ˽ȥ
һаڷŵþһȾǣȴʹӸԵÿյ
֮УЩ谵ȴΪš
֮˳׵Ŀɨ䣬ͳ
Ȼ䣬׵Ŀ⣬Ͷ˷ϵǸӡϡ
΢΢һ˹ȥĿһɨʱжһѶϢһԭµѶϢ
㳤ˣΪο⼸죬һֱܿġ
ΪЩȥ죬ӦҪܳһʱ䣬һ֮ûΪϢΪ׼°ɡ
ֻ˵һ죬ʵﵽľ磬˵ǸǿôΪԸǣΪϼѰļ飡
Уסϼڣһһ죬Ǹ磬ȥѰıӻ
Ϣ˵𾪣ǲܵġ
ֻʮֵĵͳûʲô顣
飬ЩȻǿߣһˡ
ʮ鰡һ㣬λ淴Ѿʾ顢顭
ЦԼȻһֱף
ᣬĴ۽ǻ䡣
ǶԴӣ׶ûĸ飬ԭһøףõòٺõĸף
һ֪ԭѾˣЩŵΣһġ
׳ԭĸ֮󣬱޷
ףģ飬һûģͽҲǻҷģĸ׵飬Ҳźܶɵ㣬Ҳģ
ʱһΪǾΪΰ񣡡
ײû˵ֻڼᶨĿ֮б˼
ʱûм뿪ǿ˿ǰһУ˫ۣ
䣬Ǭ֮еķɽȻ˳Ȼһɾ޴ֱӵķ˳ȥȻȻײǿƲСϡ
齣ɱ
䡪
СȻ䱬ը޴ľʹضɽҡһʱ䣬Զͷɽƿյ
ףĿطһۣһ̣̤ɽӰϢ֮Ϣһâȥ
һ̣Ӱɽǰһ˿˿ըľ޴ĿӶ棬ˣԷˣ׼ϼĹˣ

ۡ
һѪȶɫҰһƬ
ǰһҰɽ˿̣ȶһӲݴصĲݴ֮С
ܵӲݺ;նϣȶٴεһѪЩվȡ
ȶɫӵĲҰ˽ܵĵطΪҵ˶˿̶˿˿Ѫ
ҧȶɭ֮
һΪѪ֮ΪȻˣص˻˼ľ硣
ȶ˿Ķˣܲʣţ츳Ůһ֮󣬱һûΪ
м֮ɫʮŨңȶ͵ȻŬĿʼָ
Ѫݵٶȼ죬СʱԽ˦룬һʱ֮䣬ԷԲġ
ĽҰΣգȶѾȥˡ
˿ѾزȶѾʲôˡ
ڻָ֮Уȶϵ飬ǲǵþֱܵƮȻɵĸоȴǿҵĳģǸʵӰƺЩϤ
ţɵģоȻһ飡
ɲǼ䣬ȶ˹ģʱ֮ʹٴεһѪ
ģٴεɵ£
ΪʲôΪʲô
ȶƺǷһ㣬Ȼ亿
ɽҰ룬˿ȻˣҲûⱯ֮Ŀ޺֮
ҰϾΣյģΪδ֪ޣӵĿ£Ҳ˺ܶ˶ڻĽҰй
žž
ݺݵȶݺݵĴԼ£Ư㲵ϱ׵ʮֲ
һεĿʼ붨ˣһ˿飬Ҳ׵ʧˣȡ֮ģ޾Թ޺ݡ

ۡ
㣬㾹ȻǷҡ
ϼİ˳۾ɵĹԲôҲţԭϼ鳤ڤ˿̾Ȼ˺֣ңƺ˲˷ҵˣ
ʱȻˣȴҲûл˵ʲôˣ
׳˵
˵꣬еƣֱϵǬһģ˳ϵʬʱƾʧˡ
һ̣׽Ųȷɽϼɽ֮⡣
׵ķɽεĹ˲ûһӳţ
ݡ
Ȼ䣬ʬͷ­ȫı͸Ȼϼɽľ޴ϡ
Ѫסµ䣬˫ۻǷŭպޣƺڶԷȻֶʮֵŭһ
ֱ飬Ѿĳһ˵ʵҵ˿ʼжˣ
һУٴεĽ̤ɽʧԭء
һĿ꣬ȥϼɱˣ


466 ԡ2
ϸ˵һ˻˼Ǿżľ磬ȫеġ
ǵػżĳǿߣУҲֻƬ̶ѣͬһ㣬Կ׵ʵʵǺǿġ
٣ڽ⹦棬ΪԪݶɽУν齣ǿȻ֪
ԭ齣ľ磬ӦӦǽҵʵΪ籾ԣʵȴ޷Ӧ
Ȼʵ޷ӦǽǽĹΪĲӦͣ
Ҳ˵˿ֻҪһݶ龳ĹʽôȻȽ𵤾ҵĸֵĹͶ٣
һ㣬Զ׼ġ
ȻΪߵԪݶַɽϣȻҲȷʵ޷νĽڵĸʵϣѾҲ˶ˡ
⣬Ҳǽǿԭ
Ϊһʶˣ׵ʵȻǷǳǿģⲻֻǱԪ񣬸Ǳ˼ʶϡ
ʶʹý⡢֮Ľ繦ˣױֵǿҲ֡
ϾȷʵҲǾ֮ˣȻҪѣȻûͻżơ
֮ǰʶ˼룬ȻҪЩûоѵʵǿ󣬱Щ˵ľḻϵˡ
׵֮磬ǿǲ˵˿̿ڵ䣬ȫ͸һ㣬Ҳûай
νķɽҲһǣȻͬʩչ֮忴ȫ͸
ǿ֮Ĺ۲죬Լļռ֮һ˿˿΢΢ŤȻŤҲΪȫ͸һֹЧ
Ϊеٶȼ죬˼ע⣬Ҳ뵽һġ
Уνû˿ļɵ
֮Ȼֻʩչģţһľ֮ˣʵûдﵽľ磬Ӧöġ
ڣҲͲʲô֪ɵˣЩ飬֪ģ٣һЩﵽ񼶵ľ֮ˣ̤֮·Ҳǵʹ
֮·һ֣ħµһһ

ܿ죬˷ϼķΧ֮ڡ
˿̣ϼ嶼ԵúǽţʮֵĽգսգ𽥵Ũ
ӣʧȥ桢ԭͷȶ֮󣬷ϼ壬Ѿûκΰ취ϼ彻ǿսѾǱˡ
ȻڷϼͥԺ֮УӪͬһƮ
Ƭ̣˳ϸķΧ֮ڡ
ԪȻͷųһ˿ĸӦ֮֮΢΢һ¡
ȻһȺ˶ڣЩ鷳ˣ

֮ǰСĵĸӦһ£˴Ϻ峤Ȼڳϵ֮飬ͬʱЩ֮⣬һЩ֮еһЩҪְλˣ档
ʹװɱжЩʩչ
ƴɱʹ齣ɱڽ˽ȷʵ̫ѡ
ͬģΪʵƣѾֳֵԪ÷һȥƱػʹ˹ע
ΪҪһ㣬֪ⷽϼһ棬ھѣ
٣ﵽżʵѾԿԪӤ֮ǰľˣһѣʵҲԪӤڣ߿ܾͺȻﵽ۵ľ磬ʮֵļɵ
ԵƬ̣ϵ˱㶼΢΢һݣ֪Ѿɢˣʱӽ
һεĿ꣬ǴϡϺ峤ϡ
ڰ˴֮Уˣǳ֮еĺʵҲΪǿᡣ
սΪƣҲһ⼸ػֵĶ֣Ǵ˿͵ϮȻˡ

üͷ΢΢ɫƺ΢Ķһ£Ȼ̾һ֮ɫɭ
֪ϼػģߣȻɳ鹵飬ʵǸ֮
ɫ䣬ɱȻ뵽
֮ǰ峤ĻЩţ¾;˻˼˾ż;żķȶʱ򣬴ϱûٻʲôˡ
ϼ֮ˣһһϣ˿ߣǽ֪÷Ϸ͸ϼĻֻϷҲⱻЩ֮ͽɺˣЩնݳĺã
İľܿ㿿ϣ۾гһߣ˵
ңΪε֮һ˷峤֮⣬κ˶֪
˼ͬʱͻƵһַˣ˿ıֲ֡
ף˿ţȴһ
Ϊ仰ȻѾףԭȥ
˿̣еʹƺ˲䱻Ŵһȫĵӿһɼǿɱ⣡
ʵʰɱ⣬ʹôϼ˲͵ĵȻ۾һ˲䶸Ȼü
˫۹ԲľĶܣ͵ļ˻ͬʱ͵ĳһ˭
׵Ӱʾ֮У˿̣ӰȻ峤ڤ
ϾɱΪǿʢΪŭҲҴʲô
֮У޷϶һʱܷƾĳЩĹǰһĻݳȥ
ڱһɲǣѾȫˣһɲǣٻظģȻκε⡣
ʾ֮󣬴ϵ˫һùԲȻЩĵ峤ôˣ
ֲ˲ķɼֵľ裬в΢΢һ㶣漴ƺ뵽֮ǰǾ仰ƺʲô
µ˵ͷ׵ں΢΢תأ㷽ϼ壬ڽӣ
ǣ¸ô죿ǻҪͯͯŮʵŮ˵Ļ£ǿŪٵġ
ʱҪˣѾˣ
ɫȻòҰһƬȫĲ
촽ţЩû˵
ϲˡΣ峤ǰ֪ǡСʵ
жʱףϣȻϼͽ


467 ɱ
һ֮вŭϲĨɱϵ飬ʱһߡ
׳ɱ
⡭ȻЩԥƺΪЩ֡
ϾʵӦû峤ɱɣ
ֻǣȻɣұʾʲôûҲûʸ
Ŀ˴һۣĿ꣬һϡڶ峤ϣ㣡

ȫһȴû˿ķʱϽĹ˵ϣ忪ʼ
Ҫ峤¶ϼѾҳˣǧҪǳ涾ˡ
ϴ˿ɫҰһƬͷϾȻð˴亹
һ仯ʵЩȣȻϱ涾ˣ峤ǰ޵ֿ֮
ˣ֮ǰһУȫĽ͵ͨˡ
վҪսˣЩ飬ҲͲҪˣ㽫ϼĺ󱲾ӢӵܣβˣȫĨɱȻ뿪ϼ壬ǰϼ壬ʱ峤ϵλãˣ
⡪ðɣȻսĻϼҲѾΪ˶ֻ֣ǣ峤ô˵Ļ٣µ̳ǣûʲôˣϣ峤ŵԣ
ɫȻȻ˵ʱҲ֪ȵزȷʵҪЩ֤ˣûк֮ǣ
ĺˣڤϼ巢ģǲ֮ǰŵԣ޷ѣֻ֮࣡
׳˵
ʱ򣬴ϵɫҲڵ
޷ѵԣ磬ΪݶˣΪ޷ѵˣҪϵֻأǧ֮࣬ϲ֮ࡣ
׵Ļش𣬴Ȼʮֵ⣬ҲΪһЩǬ֮֮Ȼ׼ɱ·ˡ
һֵĶһǣײ˱ɱһˣǽһ͸߳ϡ
ϡϡ峤Ϻ߳Ĵϣǰ˴֮еʵȨҲǷϼȨ
ˣɱĶЩϣʹϼϼȫĻ

һľСԺ֮УϢվһƬϣͬһӰȻʧ
£һ߱ĿϢţɢĹɫʡ
ݡ
ȻһĽȻҲɲǼ䶸Ȼ˫ۣڵ˫֮Уһ˵ľâ
Ŀֽý֮ޱȡ
ӰһʧԭأȻֻӳһɽҷȥ
ֻһ̣ľȻһȻķɽ˲䷴˻ȥԸٶȣ
˫͵ĵɵü߼ǲŵĿԼķɽԼûз֮
ɽĿ˲䱻ᣬ߾ʧͬʱиǾ˼㣡
Ǿô
˲䣬ȫķͽ͵ĵֿǵһͷʱڤʹ޵ˣ
ֻǣŭûȫıȻ䷢֣Դбˡ
˵ĿⶸȻɢһƬȻҰȻʺɫѪˮһ
ΨһĸоǣѪȻ˵ȣ
ۡ
ʱŴ˳ǿŰ׷ɽɵͷ­Ѿɳ֮Զ
վԭأȻһֲٿطɽʹֱӴ͸˶ԷԴ˻Էľ
Դھ˿⴫˵֮ʵǿ峤Ϸ޺ۣЦ
һǬֱӽӡʬװ棬׶Ȼ뿪
һĿ꣬Ϸˡ
һߣϴŴݣû֣صš
ơ
˭ʲô£֣صĲͷ뵽ȶ飬㼫˵ơ
ȶĿ֮еķȶȻǿˣ˼壬ʵ޷ܵһ£
ߣҲһ°ɣˣ֪һң֣ݵ뵽Ȼ͵һѽŴ򿪡
ʱ򣬴ЦЦݣҰ
һ亹ɭɭʱ֣أ֮ǰ뷨ֻ룬û˵Ȼһ£군ˡ
ԭǴˣ֪ǴС֮ǰĻʵ֮ǧҪ֣Ͽ
֣رϥ˵
΢΢һЦȥͲˣЩҪ潻һ£ȽϺá
ϺǸĪ˵
֣΢΢һ㶣漴Щ죬һ󱲣ʵҲǿʲô
ţ֣رЩԾȻĿ˴һۣȴԷ˼Ŀƺ׹
жȻһ֣ص֪ֻǻû׼ܣһâȻᴩš
ۡ
ŵĿһɽᴩԼţ֣صףԼʲôѵΪ֮ǰһڷȶݵﻰô
𽥵İȥ֣ľúܲʺܲʣǴ˿̣ã¶罵ٵʱŷ֣޷ܡ
΢Цıʧˣϵı齩Ӳ˼֣Ȼֳ鴤һ£Ȼ̾˿ǬһģֱӽǬ֮С

ۡ
һɽֱ䴩˷ԴţԷȻôɱ
㣬㡪㲻ڤһڤ㡭˭
Դһӹᴩƾž˵־Ȼûе£ǳס
ȴֻЦһ֪Σ棬ߣ벻ɣ
ҲҲɵʲôֱӵĻģ
һĻһһƬ֮ɫֻĺ֮⣬Ϊˣ
㣬Ȼ㣬صǶˣ
ȵֻǴ˿̣Щˡ
Цлл佱ȥˣ
ɽ͵ķŵ˳һѪ޵ĽɢһѪ
ۡ
˫۵ɵü󣬼䲻ĵĵˡ
䡪
泾Ѫˮɢ
üĴ޴ķɽ׶Եü˵
ڶˣ׵˵һ䣬漴ĴһʬӡȻһǬС
ϼһ޶Ȼռʬ֮󣬽ڷϼɽ֮ˡ
νĴϣȻҲöԷϾǼӵɱԼĸĳˣˣҪ
׵ĸӦ֮ٴεɢ֮ǰѾ߳ˣ˿̣ɢӦ֮󣬷߳ϲû뿪ָͬʵ
ӣ֮ǰӦЩģΪ˵ֵϼʱпܵĹŬĻָΪ
ϼ߳ϣһŮˣһžյŮˣһʮ
Ůˣòͷȶƣͬĺͷ峤׵ѪԵϵ
峤У߳ϵ״磬߳ϣֽ
ڷϼ壬ײûкøУȶ츳֮ǰǶôܵ谮һʧƣΪ˵˼壡
ȻȷʵЩü߶Ҳĺɣ
㣬ױЩۡ
Ȼĳ֮ԭ
ԭѾΪ˶֣Ȼ֪ıܸӦܿ϶һеʵԣ
ԣϼϼ壬նɱ
״Ӱ֮Уٵ֮߳ء
̨ͤ¥󡢸̨鿣ɽˮȷʵһĵط
ĵط˶ȷʵһ˺Ŀ飬û飬һ鶼ûС
ݣš
Ϊģɱˣ
ǵģɱˣ
Ůˣļ֮УͲһְĳϣ˵Ϊ˺ģʱڳЩǣ塣
涼ЩɹŮ˺峤жЩĹϵ
ˣЫˣ׸ܴʲôøˡ


468 ݶֶ
Сĵ˷ߣϢǰƴŮӣƮȻʣƺʹ֮еЩͬ
ֻǣײûж࿴Ϊ˿̣жȻһɺ⡣
Ӱ˲˸һ£һķ롰ۡһ͸֮ǰڵĵطȻױԶĴϣûʧ
ֻƬ̣ȫڣȫ֦ɶɿƬ̣ĸˣ
ߣµǺֶΰ
ȻĵһЦ֮ɫ
һݣʱǱмֻȡ
ͷѵףȻ׵˶ԷֻǵȻЦЦ¶Ρ
ڶԷʶԼ֪Ӧ֮ǰעŮԲʹŮ˸Ӧһ㣬ҲһѣŮ˵ĵеĿ¡
ڤð㾹Ȼɱҷϼ壬죬ɣ
һڤʱһ֮ɫһ̣ȴѾ˱һĹ
ľŮмּ֣ΪŮˣߵٶ·ߣ׵ٶȽƣ
һһֱԲˬĽȻգʵЩͷ
֪֮ǰʲôԥֱһ͵Ϯֻǲˣ
׺ݺݵ뵽ͬʱӰѸٵŶԷĶ롪ⶫʵ̫ˡ
Դ֮ʵǲСĶҩ磬ҩʵ̫̬ˡ
ٶ˽ӣЩ֧ˣֻǿżɺͽŲ·磬ڣսʱ򣬷Ƚˡ
ģҪ֧ţ֮Ҫ֧ţͬҪ֧ţ
ʵ˻˼ʵ̫һ㣬ˣٳȥĻضޱȣ
ͷһᣬҲ˲̫࣬͵ĴݳһھѪȫһ͵ķѳһ˿Ԫ
齣޻꣡
Ȼ䷢Ԫ񹥻̲סɣ͵һѪ
ԭЩеķ˿̺Ȼ͵һȻ˶ʱͬʧһ㣬ԭأȫĲ֪
׶Ů˵ĺʵǼɺ޲ѣ˿ﻹֱһԴ̴˲Ĳˣ
ŮȷʵʮóݸȻ߳ϣΪôһ׶ʱףԷڷϼĵλֻǱĻҪ̫࣡
һ׳һ£Ȼּ̧סԷߵһɵĳʹ
Ƭ̣ⷽʱȫ㱻ɽһ߽׵ı˳
ױǲ̫뵽ԭʱԽպһֱӴӶԷᴩ˽ȥ
ͬʱһɽտٵ˸£Ƿʴ˫ϵķͣƽƽȥ
һԷʬӡײų̾˿
ʷΪһ£Ȼ㲻ϣȷʵΪаһ¡
Ϊ˫ﲻƺĳޣ£ҪЧã
ңǷϼصʵϼصʵڵ׿Կģ
ˣ˫ν꼶ǿߣЩνĽҪѵ׿ԶԿģ
˫ƴõ
ȻһǣЩߵĴڵĻô£Ч鲻עĿ
ֻҪֵĲ֣һЩǿȻҲὫһЩĿһССļ档
һЩѵļԱҲѾˣֻûгأֻڻָʵѡ
һ㣬ûκ˿Զ϶׵㣬Ҳ޷óȷеĽۡ
ȻóԳִ׵Ľ۵ʱױ㿪ʼ׼ļƲߡ
ֻǷȶ飬ȴһ⣬Ϊ׶ȻҲû뵽һεĻᣬȻöԷ˺
£ʵЩΡ
Ҫȥ취ȻԷȶ̬ӣôӳˣ֪Ǹʲô
ٴγ̾ϢһȻٵ뿪
ʱ䣬̫Ȼܻб仯ġ
ڴǱߵôײû⣬ɱһҲУûɱҲУɱʮҲν
Ϊкһ壬ͬһ⣬ĪĲƸһҲϧһûзãҲν
ţܿ죬˷ϼɽǰ
˿̣ѾܶˣΪ֪ϼ弴ͷϼ忪սϢ˴ɽ
ػҲѾˣһ㣬ס
󷨣һ׵϶˵ֽţȻЩûжֱӵĽɽĵĵطҵ
仯Ҳûκ˵Ĺע
һ̣һǬʬʱ˳Ȼ룬ֱӽ˵ϵ·ȫ飬ȻͬĿ˶Էԣֳٷֱͨķɽ˶ɽŵϵϡ
һУ˿Ȼͬʱ󷨺ϵӡȻŲȷɽȫ󲿷ֵʹ龳ĵصĹ齣ɱ
䣡
ɽȻ䱬ը޴ľֱӺĨɱ
ԴҷɣĶϱ۲֫Ĵ䡣
˿̣Ƕ˿ֻţȻ˻šϼ幥ˣ
һȻ׵ĺ˷ĺϵɽǻص
˿̣ѾţԶ
ãûнıըɱֵʱ򣬷ϼĻǺҴĳҲ׷
ԶԶģǱ㿴Ϊ֮ͷŭһĻ
Ϻ峤ϣ֪ʱѾɽϣȫ㲻˵Դ˷ڲϲ˵ԷԵĽԵıնˣֶΣʵǺݶ֮
ֶλ˷񣬸зϼ֮˷ģһ߽׵ģ˿ȴȫϵ壡
һŮ˵壬Ů˽ܵĲλȴǱһᴩϣϵĵγ޵Ѫˮ
ǰȻ˫ϣǱնǱþӨ͸ѡ
ʱ򣬺ܶ˶һĻͬʱ˲ϵŵ龰ϵҧѵʱ龰
ŭŭ

ء
ϡ
ϼ壬ʱ˷ҰްĿ˻֮ͬʱ־ĳ޵Ϣʵ𾪣
Բ׾룬ޣ׷ɢŲ·ѡܡ
ԶԶģһУĲõǵһ˿Ѫɫûκεı飬Ŀ˸
⣬ֻǿʼ
Ӱʱȥٴʧ
һΣ뿪ˡ

ӲݴУȶĺ𽥵ȳʱ޸ΪȻȻأǴ˿Ҳûаˡ
һȶãһʱ֮䣬֪ǰδ
֮󣬺Ϊң
ĿЩͣǱʹᣬѾ޷ֲκε飬ֻ˸ӵǷϺͶ䡣
ȶʱ뵽֮ǰһС
뵽棬Ǹ֮ɵɵų֮ˣ˿̣ǲѾˣ
Ȼ䣬ȶЩʧ䡣
һʧȥʱ򣬵һѾûѡʱһֱĬĬ߹ĺǻǵˣŻǵ顣
Ů˵Ҳһܼ
ǺõʱǶ⣬ھ
ĳһܵ˾޴˺ߵĩ·;ʱ򣬻ݸ飬ǲŻãǧǧУֻһΪʵҲֻһݣΪֵȥҲΪӵĻ䡣
һУˡ
ȶ˿û׷ڣֻε̾Ϣһ
ۣ˳ɳġ
ڷϼ壬Ȼ֪ʵĲпᣬǵʵˣ츳Ѿʧšŵĳƺ֮ԶȥһгΪλøӰʱŸоǰĹĶǶթǶôЦ
ֻǣ˿̣ˣһУѾˡ
۽ǵξӨˮĵڲݴ֮Уȶôı۾˯ˣ̫ˡ
˿̣֪ϷһĬĬĿЩĬ
ˣǿԪ֮׷ٵס


469 
״˿̵ζӣмͷʹ
֮ǰƲߵʱҲһֱ仯Ļôٻмġ
ֻǣ뵽һ㣬ȴȻеĿеһҪĻڸ©ˣⲻ˵ײϸķչ̫Ϸ绯
Ϊ׸벻ȶھ۴֮󣬾ȻȫĳɳȻ˵ñĳˣڵȻֵûʲôʵȻһɼɵ֮ġ
뵽ԼҪǰϼ̽أױ㲻ͷȶӽˡ
Ǵʱ˿̣ȶڵĵطҲʵмΣա
һЩޣһЩɽҰɢޣһϣǳ⡣
ô뵽ȶпźӣױҲЩ岻
£Īˡ
΢΢ĳƬ̣ȻСɽ࿪ʼ󷨣ֻǼ򵥵һ󷨶ѣ£ʵҲѾ㹻ˡ
֪Էȶ״̬ϾͲ뿪Ӳݴĵطˡ
һ󷨵ػĻİȫ˼ֵıϡ
ؼȻ΢΢Ŀƣ𽥵ϣײɵһ򵥵ػ󷨣Ȼ˿
ϣ鲻ôɡ
ԷȶĸԣȻ߼˵ġ
Ůˣ߼ˣҪôúеˣ֮
Ҫôһ겻񡢻ǴӴĻ䡭
ֿܣ̫ϣġ
ڣûѡ񣬻кܶ飬Ҫȥ
ϵ飬ǹϼ飬һ׵飬Ҫȥ졣
ϼϼˮҲ׵ıˣҪģǳ롣
˿ҲȷʵЩʵ̫ǿˣһֱڲͣʹϴﵽ˿ݽߵıԵˣ
ԣҪ飬Ǿģܾ
治Զһصɽ֮Ȼȫĵķ
Ժ֮Уϵ˸źͷȶľͷƺħһ㣬Ϊķ
ȻΪԭ򣬰ʶûʧԭԼ˷ȶ֮ǰǾ㲵һĻ֮ĵĳңƺˡ
ǿе붨ԾԵĴԺ֮еһжһڣȻһ
£Ҳٶ룬ȫĵͶ֮С
һΣȻǰǰ迪ʼ
ȱǴӽʼ翪ʼһǰһֱĽ龳ĵأ齣ɱľ硣
һ׵ָ˴룬ʱ䣬ױûǲϵĺɣؼ˺۵
ĵĲ࣬Ҳûбա
˲ؼʱײϵϸʹ֮ľ뱻ѹȵһ˵ĵزͬʱ̲޴㲻ϵĴϸ
̣һֱĹ̡
Ḷ́ȻҪϵɴȻѹһŨ̶ܳȣһḶ́ȻޱȵӴ
Ĺ̶׶ԣȻκε⡣
ϾԣǶԪĻٶȾǼ˵Ŀֲġ
⻹ֻһǿ󣬱ԪȻϣЩôģôڲԪ£׶ؼĿ٣
ΪҪһǣױΪͲסįΪ޷ĲԷԪ̲塣
Ԫ̺ṩεˡ
Ĺ֮УͲҪȥؼԪѳķԪ֮㣬ؼҲȲϡ
ϾĵȼȵԪ̸ϱȵԪˡ
˵Ḷ́˵ΣһĹһֻԽĥԽãԽԽǿ
Щ׵ģֻҪʱͻᣬ᲻ϵظ¡
ЧԶ׼ġ
ģŬĹ棬Ѿ
¹֪£ûεڽĿ̹ĵĸоȻǿҡ
ɴţҲľ
ͬʱڿýǱ£ױ㿪ʼһ˼ˡ
ײ֪νػЩʲôףĲ㣬һЩǿǿߵУֲһ˵ԵĹؼ
˻֮׸оƺûʲôͬ
Ҳ֪Ϊûȥ˵µصκηŻĽ
һޣڶݵʱΪ־һ㣬׾ٵĴﵽ˻ľż硣
ﵽ֮Ȼ֪Ҫνĵػ꣬Ȼִֵǰ
ֻǣԣһε͵ĸо׵ԽԽ
ˣײ׵꣬ϼӳֵǿĽһκˣϲڲֱӴ򿪽ơƺľġ
׵˼ʮֵĸӣ˿ϣ̾Ϣһվ
;涼ܿĻָѵ״̬׺⡣
֮ǰɱȻ࣬ײûȡԷеνķν׶ûϡ
ϵսսѥ˽ָ٣£ʮֵķ
ֻΪûݶЩԪ֮޷á
ȻǿԶã״˿ҲұֳЩȵһľ֮󣬲ܶá
Щ˵ķѹۡ
һǬһڽɫĹâӰһ˷ɽ֮ϡ
һ֮ϱĺԵһɽǼӲĳ̶ȣǷĳ̶ȣǲ
٣ͨķ֮УӦƷˡ


470 аޣ1
Ȼⶫ׶ԣͬĿۣΪⶫԭһֱʹõķɽײûа
ܿ죬ΣϼΧ
˿Ѫ֮ŨΪԵģԭɫĸɺԵϣ˿һһ޵Ѫɫ
ֻǣ˿̣ЩѪˮȾأóʪԳһƬİ֮ɫ
ⲻ˾ѪȵģΪѪȵǣеǻ̵ĳӺͰɫԽ֮ĽҺʮֵѪȶء
˷ɱ¾Ļ׵üͷ΢΢塣
£Щ໥ɱ֮УȻɵʿʵ׶Щ
ļ壬ʱҲһţ飬ֻǻὫֵļ
ô֣׶̫⣬ǻѾûаϵ
ڷϼ壬ԭ׵б㳹׵ĺĶ


һѪܵͷ͵ķתų߷ۿҪװŵ׵ϡ
һݣ漴ҲһΪݱ˷ˡ
ϸһȴһϼӵܿ˶ԷԴһĻӵҿأ
Ӱ΢΢˿ܵսϼ΢ռϷ硣
ϼ֮УһʵƺǲЩ˻˼żĶǰػʵȻʮ˵á
룬׺ȻһײתŵԴϣͷʱͣһ£Ȼػĺǿ߷ȥ
ǺǿƺӦƿ֮΢Ӧһ֮ƺоһűͷûĳԱ˼ȻͷϼһսԱ
ʱԭǿԴȻ͵ת˸䣬ȻǺǿ͵ķ˹ȥٶȾ˲͵
ǺǿкȻҲԳ˾ŭ֮ɫֻǣ׼ͷʱͷ棬Ȼһ΢ɲĽ
ݡ
ۡ
һâȻ䴩͸Ǻǿߵţʱûü˵κεĻ
ôĿźȻȫƺ͵һԼǺǿϿʼ¶˾־ı飬ƺڽȫ޷һ
ֱ忪ʼԡʶʼ֮ʣԸţһŷͷ­Ȼɱˡ
ǲʺͲ֮ɫŨҵĳ̶ʵԸӵġ
ء
ǿߣôĵȥˡ
ף˿ѾӰϼڲķΧ֮С
ɱ죬ҲͬĲֹۡ
ϼƺȫıŭˣǿߣȫǿйϼ塣
⣬Ե˵ˣҲݣ
Ҳ󣬷峤ڿ˷֮󣬻᲻ŭ
岻ݵսѾѾˡ
𣬲һҪɱˣֻҪΪԼȥ⼴Чһġ
ȻϼڲΧţУȻڿС
·һУȻһۣױǸܵ˷ϼľ޴ĳ޺ͷŭ
һΣϼȫĳˣʵһЩصʿȫĶ˳ڣ׿뵽νľߣӦҲˡ
׶ʱо֮ĸŨ˿̣ڸ߿գΣսǶԷٴεĽ˵ԴߣȻͷߵУſ׵䷶Χ
ˣЩ˵սǸ޷׵ġ
׿ٵΧ֮дţȻСĵĸųеһУʱҴ̽ԭġ
ԼԭϵĵĺˮϢֶζУûΪʧ
˿̣ȫʶϵڲתʱһʶȻӵǿ
ԵıܣƺҲڷŸǿá
׻ѰԭķλȻƲ⵽ĵط
ڸ߿֮УȻı˷֡
ȻһֱĬŵ͵ıһ⣬漴һ˿;֮ɫ
־ı飬׵ϣȻͬСɣ
˿̣׵ΪʲôΪ֮ԭȥǸطʮ𾪵ķ֣ǵطǵʯĸоһ
ǵģѹԩħʯ׵ĸоָо֮ĳ֣ô֮
ԩħ临֮ѣһ㣬ѾкκͲҲûκεİ취ȥıһС
磬ԼûоȫʵԷȻֳˣ
ʵڲʲôϢ
ң˾ȻϼΧž
ɫʱЩ粻ײٴϸһ̣һֱ񾭣˼֡
ԭֻԹаޣáײ˿һֱ񾭣Ҳչ˿
ݡ
֮Ӱν֮У󷨣׶ԣʵǺܲһġ
ΪԷһ󷨵Ļϣ׿ʼ޸
ʲûб仯̫࣬Ͼ˲õĶ󷨣ȵȶûʲô仯ȴǱײϵĸ
һΣܿһЩ֮ˣ֮ԲţǾ֮˺һ֮˲ͬ䱾սȵȵĻع飬þ֮˱ǿޱȡ
οľѣǿֲ
룬ԭλԪӤڵĸ֣ʵ൱һλڵû࣬ǺȻ䱾ľﵽ۾磬ôڵ䣬ΪôԷҪɱԪӤڵĸֵĻһ񶼿ɱԷ
ǱʵĲ࣡
֮Уܼ򵥵ɱĵػ꼶ĳϣҲͬ
Ϊʵûоѣһ¶ΪǿʵôҪעˡ
ǲƺĳ֣׶Ȼܿٵɨƽ壬֮أ϶ǻᱻΥǿб⣡
֮˵ؾۣϱȫˡ
ЩĹǣ׵ı֣˵Ľ
úּ֮ǿһ٣ʱһﻹһܵĵط
Ʒ󷨣ʵ֮׵˽ʱѾƷˡ
󷨣ֻҪ񼶵ĸУضܵȻ
񼶵ĸ֣żȻ룬ûһ󷨻ҲҪƬ̵ġ
ȻԾǿҲǲܣǾڵĿԶõޣ޷֧ŵƵġ
һи㶨֮ײɰЦһĵԼǹģֻ֮󣬱ûѧᣬϼ޻Ǹһ¥ˡ
ӷɽȻĴһ󷨣Ȼһڴһĵط
룬߽˴еϵѹȻŴ֮йע˽ȥ
͵һȻ˲佫װ˽ȥ
ռ֮˲׵壬ǻûüãһ̣ǰһ׶ʱһĿռ֮С
Ĵռ䣬ʱĵ˵ͷ
󷨿ռ䣬Ĳǿγ󷨿ռģ󷨣󷨿ռԴ֮
׿󷨿ռ䣬һ˿ǣĸоĸоȻڣױ֪Ѿɹƿ󷨡
Ϊ˱ע⣬ֻǷֳһţûԷ󷨵ĲٿȨ
֮ԲĶԷ󷨶ԸΪ󷨺ܶطѾ޸ˣеָȵȣѾȫı任ˡ
ԣԷһԻĻ󷨵ĹЧӲ
΢΢һ˺ܿ
˫Ŀܣ׵ĿŶ侲
ɭɭİ׹ǣüӣǿնڶҰ׵ͷǣԵɭޱȡ
Ȼڿ󷨵ʱ֪˵ǳȡЩϵľѪǴ˿̼ʶЩɭȻ׹ǣͳþòԸɢȥԹ飬׵ģݺݵĳ鴤һ¡
ôԹԹӴ
һվױоһɭȻ


471 аޣ2
Щ侲˿̶ͷҲð亹
ˣʵ׼֮ɱ֮󣬰ٰŶԷʬȻɾѪʳ裬⻹ֹ
Щȥ֮γ˾޴Թ֮󣬱֮УЩԹϵǿ
ˣ׵޲ýʬΣ
ΪԹͲ֮У׺ԵĸܵϤЩ׵ģԵøǵͳ
ϼһЩϲ˵Թ
ԭģΪոȥãԹŸոγɣҲͬ׸ܵˡ
ΪϵѪԵϵֲʺͷŭʮֵŨҡ
ֻǱųĬʱκλѾûбҪˡ
㹦ģӦںڰ鷨֮ķֻЩ֮УҲûݵ
ǺڰײУôĴڣ͵ûбҪˡ
ԣֹֻܹ˵Ťͱ̬
Сĵٴηѳһ˿ԪĶˣȻȻǿңѾڿԳܵķΧ֮ˡ
һ˿Ԫȴֱʩչһ֮еԷ֮еڷ֮ķ򡪡ѳһ˿Ԫ̶̺ڣǿʩչڵͷųκģȻǰ㹻һܱǿ֡
׸ڴ˵طԪУȻﲻᱻ˷֣ȻǸ֪Ķ󷨣Ӧͬӵɱ
һ㣬ţΪ˶ԩ꣡
Ϊǿķط˰Ļô˵аһᱻȡ֮·ܾϴˣ
аˣôܻ˲
ЩƣףаޣЩֶΣ
֪ɱһ˵ˣа֮·ԭĳ̶ֳϣƺһǴżģ
ҪôѾ˼䣬׵ʲôʹЩֶεġ
һ֣˵а޵ֶΣǿЩף
кȻһ˿ΣУ֪Ϊʲôĸоǵĸоʱ׼ܵ͵һȻʧ֮ǰվĵط
İ׹ʧһ۵Ĺâ͵ļ֮ǰڵķ͸ȥ
޴ʹ󷨿ռ䶼Ϊ֮
ɫ˲һ˿Ԫ񣬴˿ҲѾ׼ϣͷųһŴ۵Ĵ֮Ĺâ
ֹâõĹԣΪԩ궼ǱڵԹɢ
ЩԹõ˰֮Ѹٵʧţԭգƺ𽥺ת
ǣȴʮֵľ裬Σĸо˷ǡ
һ̣ɫһ͵һѪֱӵĶݳԪ
ݡ
ԪһʱܻΪʵ壬ͬʱֱܻΪɽ״̬˽һֱӽȡ˽ȥ
֮һе谭ȻʧڷԪ֮һССʹ϶Ȼ㲻ʲô
ԭԩİɫâ˿̶Ȼ䱻ĺڰΧȻѸٵѹΪһ۵Ĺ㣬ںڰ֮бըʧ
һеĿ٣׵ģǵͳ
ϼˣȻǿᣡ
ˣۺڣۺڴԲĸ֣
пܣˣת
תȻСǲܣϾڣƽ磬ϴֻأһ㣬Ҳס
ˣתֻܹã⣬ֻ
аͬʱһ˿ĲԺδˡ
ˣȻѾ֮޳
׾ɲգ˿̣ƺɵ̫Զǵûж
ףˣһ׾Ϥ˲쳹׵Ժ
Ȼľ޳㾹Ȼû
һӰһĳ߲Զ𽥵γһɫӰ
ҵıȷʵѾˣҲǧ꣬óߣһУǰͣ
޳
΢΢һݣ漴Ȼô˵һУ͵ģһˣ
޳ЦȽ콫ɱһɱֶΣУʱ˭ǿߣ޷㣡
׵ɫ΢΢һ䣬֪Ҿһż
޳Ц˵㱾Ǵ󹦵һѾϴֻ֮֮࣬㣬һУ
ɫ㣬Ǳǿߣȴ֪ɱЦ֮
޳ЦߣֻӦٽ֮ˣóΪ𣬱Ѿ㵽д٣˶㣬ʼղŲʣж֮޽磬ȴǲȻˑUУ˻
˵ЩȻѾԵǬͼɲ𣬵۴ԲʵǿӦ׵ģұٵ֮ʱұȡľѪ֮󴫵ݸ˷һ޶Ȼ֪һһ
ɱǺЦ˵
Ҫ֪˵ģκ鶼߱ԣɱɱκܶǿߵĶĿȴɱβ˵ơ
ԣɫƽзЦ
һΣ˵Ԫ֮ǰδظ״̬ⱾΪսۺڴԲķʱ׶û˿ʤĻᡣ
һԸѶȵսսĻһ
ǣ״˿װġ
ΪͬģΪ˱գͬ˷
ǾǸӵһ˿Ԫ׵Ĵ˿ɳķ
޳ѵΪķ飬ѵû֪ôͬЦ
޳ʱ΢΢һͣ漴ɫȻûʲô仯һ˿ɵ֮ɫʮֵŨġ
ңͬģҲ֪޳˿ͬԪ̬ڣܳܵʵǲǿͺ׽ࡣ
ߣŻôˣʹ˽ɣ޳Ц˵ԪȻ͵
ӰȻ˲˳ȥܿǿһ
Ȼ˵ʵﵽ˼ߵĳ̶ȣȻѣҲȻɲҪĲ
޳Ҹ㣬ʵһУǱѣѵûз֣Ϊѳ㣬鶼Щʵ𣿡
ײмЦ˵
޳ʱ΢΢һ㶣ɫȻ䣬ߣˣɣ
˵꣬޳ɫѾúѿͬʱӵ
˿̣ȴǽп಻ΪЩȷʵŻԷģȴû뵽Էķƴһˡ
Ƭ֮Ҳķ޳ĲԾˣƺΪĲңΪԪϾͬ壬乥ȻӴ׼ȴԼδܺһս
׵𽥵ĻۺڵĴԲֻ֣ǶԷΪѣȻԷѾΪ𣬵ľǴԲ
һĴԲͽĴԲĸǿһЩ
Ȼ䣬ˣз˽һĽһְԽ֮
һ˿̣Ȼڵľ磬δزۺڵֻԪû޳һս
ң޳ԪǡǡǼ˵ľģ򣬶ֹҲžԵƻ
һ㣬׶ʱĸ
ͬʱΪǿĻظҲѸٵıòһ
ɽͳҲ˲ص׵ϡ
޳֪˶ܣҪɱ
зٵƵ
ҪսԸ
׺ƵЦȻӭ޳Ĺ


472 ս޳1
֮ǰΪɵײûע⵽޳ֻԪ壬ʵԷӡ
̬Ͽʼ޳ױ㲻ټɵʲôˡ
ĽҲһֺη
ܻΪɽ֮׵ĴһƬ壬˼ҲڳٵתţĿٵɨ޳Ķ
ٶȾǴﵽ˺˵ĳ̶ȣ˴˿ֻ̣ӰżײŶԻһ
ﵽ㾳硪ûۣԪľȻﵽڵľ磬޳ֻǿԪ۳壬Ҳﵽ˿ֲۺڵľ硣
˾СĶĿҲʮֵľ׼û˼˷ѡ
ͬʱΪ˶ɵִ󣬻ƻµػ󷨣˾ǺС˲ƻܣûндΧĻû뿪󷨵ķΧ֮ڡ
ͬģҲûʩչΧĹִģĶҡ
Ȼ˫ŲСļɻ䣬ڶԷƺҲǱɱ֮졣
ݡ
ٴεķͬʱʹ˽콣ն
һĽ壬ְıʹ˲ۻһ֮꣬ԭײʲô쳣
ڣʱײŷ֣ν˻ػ꣬Ȼȫ̺˽֮У
һ֣𾪣
˵ʲô
˵˽ֻҪǱҪν˻ػܾ꣬Եһ
ػ꽣ĵػ壬꽣壬ⲻǵػô
ν˻꣬νĽ꣬ʵϾ˻ˡ
֣ⷢȻԭǿѾѾעˣҪǿ̫࣡
˻ػ֮꣬ǰ磬һߣҪȲҪǿģ
ʽΪˣȻף޳νԲʵǻ֮ԲҲԵԲѣʵϣԲ
Ϊ٣ڴﵽۺڵʱ׿Կ϶Էûи˻ػ壬ų£޳еһݶûи򵽡
ԲЦ֮
кȻٴһǿҵţͬʱҲԼһֱĳǿԭΪԼڲ֮Ѿ˻꽣꣬ػ壡
һͺñһȫװĸ֣Ȼһһָǿ󣬵ųװŻͲ֮ôһ־Ǳǿܶ࣬Ҳֻܵű
׵ףҲǽ⿪һֱǱصɻ
֮̾󣬱ȵľǶ˻ػͱھĸˣʱҪƴıǶЩʹõˡ
һ㣬Ȼңңȡ
˻꽣֮󣬶ʱİ֮С
һİ壬ְ֮УƺʱͿռ䣬ʧȥ
ֵĸоľ֮УʱŤǿռңѾٳΪˡ
һ㣬ף壬ʮֵĲ͸ġ
Ҳǣ壬Ͼǿ֮˾ѵĹؼǲ󣬷Щ˵ȥˡ
壬һεĿռ䣬ɫζҲӰнΣȴ֮⣬˲ɸܡ
֪һǽĹȻ޳ⲻʲô·磬ҪսʤԷȴҲǧѡ
壬ʽˣɱ֪ͬһ㣬Ϊˣ
ҲɫʱȻоϲ֮ɫ򶨷ǳ
ݡ
ƿٴε𣬶ײϵĵתΣϵſռѹȾνķ򹥻
ЩһʧȥĿ꣬ᶸȻɢ޳Ŀ£ᷢ޴ıը
ͬģһֱûԳЧ
˫ƺ˫ƺԼк֣ƺһŲᱻԷ׵Ŀƾ档
̣˵˵Ҳ̡
ױҲѾܻΪ꽣Ǵ˿̲ûбֳǿĹͽƵֻǱ˲ֵʵе̽
ͬģ޳ںսʱҲ˿󲻵˿Ҳмͷʹ
ܣͬıȫ֪֮Уֻһ߳ȥ
ʱ޳Ȼ֣׵ٶƺôһ㣡
ʮصһ㣬޳ʱ׵ɫƺ԰˼֣ȻЩǲϸĸܣȻֲˡ
޳ʲôˣ
˲䣬һ֮޳һϲȻȻмּɵνʧʧ޳ΪԷսڣķûС
һ֣޳ʱ㶯ˡ
żƷĻظҩȻ⣬ԷȻӦѾûмƷĻظҩˣΪڵҩҩЧʮֵС
ԷȻûгԹʲôҩָԣһʹթ
ˣʱ޳Ȼ˽ٱս׺һҲ͵һ
Ȼ֪Էʵ˵ãǺȻǿô࣬ҲװĨһѺ
ʱ꽣ĽοռͽƣȻ֣ܡ
ʱ޳ҲѾ˹
յУȻʵյУ١
Ϊյеķֻоŷһּ٣пסϼ޻޳
׵ȷʵУΪ꽣Ĺ״̬ʵĽʵɵģһӡ⿪һͷţױ˲Ļָˡ
ڵҩ˽֮ȻеģйȻܡ
˵֮ǿǿԪССĵҩҪڲ֪֮䱻գҲѡ
ˣ޳˵ȫ׵ı֮С
ʵ൱ȻȵǼơ

߶ȻһâҲȻ
ʱŵһЦĽȫĽͬʱ嶸Ȼͷţʱ߷Բǧףʱγһ޴ռ䣡


473 ս޳2
棬׷·׵ĸоôУ
һУ֮νǿ󷨿ռ䣬Ҫ̬Ķˣ
Ȼ䣬޳ͬŢʱ󾪣
ʮֽ黫֮ˣ˿̼ͷԣ˾ǻһâȻԶ
ֻǣ̫Сռˡ
͡
Ŀտռ䷭Ľ޳ѹţ޴ѹѹȵҪϢˡ
޳ɫȻúѿʱʯ٣ͬھȴѾϵдһ㣬һپ޴׵ȻͬһĿռ䡣
׶ȻУ޴׵ʱһ޴꽣ֱӴ϶£Ȼɱ
ݡ
޴ռֳ룬޴Ĺ֣˿Եü˵Ĺ죡
޳޷ţԼԲۺǿߣľ飬ڵУ
漴뵽˵ǿޱȵλϢ޳Ȼˡ
Ȼ뵽ףȻһλǿߵתֻ˵һаɡ
˵У޳Щ֮Уֱ飬׵УһʱȻҡ
Ǵ˿̣׷ʼɵ޳һԵΪΪĿĲݣȻ
ˣضйŹ֣
Ҳ룬б䣬ʹݾѪǾ޽Ȼ
䡪
ȻռݺݵĲһ£Ȼ󣬾޽㳹׵Ľ޳ȫĽɱѹŵĿռ֮С
ۡ
ǿĹᴩ޳ԪȻ޲ѡ
ͬʱǲʵ֮У꽣ȻĲ޳ԭϵķĵֿ֮ɵͽ͡
ûκεģ͸˷ݵԪ֮еֹĲ𶯣ȴ˲佫޳ǿ̬Ԫ
ˡ
ռ侢ȻһȻ󼤵
޳Һһ𽥵Ĳ԰ȥȻΨһԪҲһ̣
ԪȴǱ˿Щ֮С
ЩԪ֮Ҳʮ־һϺõԪƷ
͸ɽ֮ҲֻףܽЩԪΪԼá

޳ˡ
ռľڼ״˿̣ȫҲѾˮʪ͸
޴ѹȻʧ˿Ȼջ˾޴ռ䣬һͷԵڵϣҲˡ
ڲ޴ģ֮ǰνĶǣÿһ׶Сģ֮˿ĲΪֻʹĳֽĹʵʱ¶ܲе̬ȻˣʹԼܳ䲻⹥䲻
ݵľȴҪٵѪȥͣмѿ֪
ңһռûǿĽĻô֮ң֪
ĸо׵ʵɽ侲ЩȻ
ȻȥˣȻЩ꣬εǽ֮Ŷʾһʮֵĳɹ
ȻĻǼȥĸ֮һսҲֻʧΪ֡
ԭǱƬָ̣˴󲿷ֵΪ˿
޳ʹϵĿռָս׶׵˽֮С
ֱӵȡѪһȫ׵ķȡ֮ײףһսףΪס
ƷΣ粢ûʲô仯ʼķٵ鱦鱦ԴʥͲλһ޶
ʵЩƷ֣֮Ҳ޼ģǼƷ鱦ν鱦Դʥ϶һµģ˵ҪĻǿܡ
޳ϵģǺǿ鱦ȷʵܲ׵ǿᣬҲ޷ƿս׵ķ
ֻǣֻܹ޳ܵùӷɽţ׵Ľ壡
ˣҲȻ޷ôɱ޳
޳ʹõķɽ˿̻Ŀ֮ȴһڳһķ籣ֳͨ°ɫǺһЩŮʹõɴЩƣ
޳Ȼ̬׿籷ȻʧЦ
ʵ̫ˣ˵ػ꽣꽣İ֮ҪͻƵػ꾳磬Ѿˡ
ȻΣȴѾˣ⼫ƷĹԪȻ࣬ţǳܵİɣҶԷĿռָ֮УŴ峿ֵҩҩЧȻƷĹԪʤҩЧȶºͣҲǡʺʹá
һȻ˿ȻűҰλ꣬ε̾Ϣ˼ٴεʩչϵ
־ĴĹâռѸٵĳůЩԹλ꣬Ҳֹâ֮Уϵѣʧ֮䡣
ֻһԹγɵ飬ꡣ
Ǳ꣬Ѿֻתˡ
ԣЩʧЩֻת֮˵е᳹׵ʧҲ¶תΪѡ
һ֮ٴεĳص̾Ϣһֱӵʧˡ
һ̣ٴεĳˡ
ӦԵ˶һ壬ǿȻʧʹ࣬Щ޷ܵģǼȻɱҲȽϸӣ׸ǲ¶˿
ǰ󷨣Ȼײ֪幦ЧȻֻţϼһĽֻǾ˶Ŀˡ
ҪȻ޳Ǳɱܱһǿķ
һ㣬ӦþνǿߣɱεֶΣʵǿ֮
һҲǲٵˡ
˿ܵ󷨣ײɿЦʵֲõ󷨣õġ
ʱҲˣ󷨣Ȼǿֻ˶Ŀڲռ䣬ֻ²ǹؼ
Ȼ֪޳ֶΣûôɾţ޳ûкһ׼һݷ
κ飬ֻҪЩ̵ˣδʤȽʧܿ޳Ӧˡ
ԣţ޳û¶Ҳа֮ˣӦǶԷĺˡ
ȻԷˣôȻɵʲôʵƷ޳ӦûĹŶԡ
׿к˸ɫҲЩ粻
漴һ£Ȼ˿Լõ󷨣֪Էڻûзڰ
ˣӦһ״̬Ȼ֮ǰ׼õĶӿռһ֮ȡ
Ȼֻʮ峿żƷԪЩѾ㹻ˡ
٣ЩѾȥ׷Ԫ񵱲ƷԲΪʹˡ
ɱĿռ䣬Ȼ󷨿ռ䣬ʵղˣҲͽˡ
ѵ״̬ĺһ£Ȼ³һڳƵ
ռ䣬뿪ҲЩ˷ѣϲԼϲԪ״̬Ȼںϵ˵֮С
ˣռƬ̣ҲмԸ⡣
룬ȡķɽڽɫĳ
ⳤĲƷΣУٲʮֵ
ȻЩȷʵۣǿĶһ£óȥãʵ
˽ԵĹ֮ģϿпˡ
ǶΪ贫ȥĶȻ㽫´һ¡
׵ʵһȻɱţڴˡ
ֱӷһ޴ľ֮ͱ߲ƲƬ֮ĲϣЩѸٵľۺһ
΢΢һһǿЩ׵İ˽ȥȻεʱܻΪ۵ĽɫĻ桪ֽɫĻ棬Ǳ𶼻ҪǿĻԪ
һȴ˲ϨˣЩϣȴûܵ˿Ӱ졣
ûԪȻҪ¶ˣڽ𳤽Ѿ㹻
ɫ΢ĺķһʱ䣬ЩںϳΪҺ̬ĴڣȻ׼ӴȣϵĴЩϣʹ䲻ϵľ
̣ɣȻ֮
ıǴĹ̺ὣߵḶ̣́׶ڻİգ׼֮


474 ɱ
ͬʱĽߵɫ״ԼһЩЧڽɫĳȫһ
ͬǣʱڷɽڲһӡӡڷɽΣյԶ⿪ͷųɱһ꽣ն
һںڷɽ֮УȻնʹõǷɽ̺ԪȻ޴󣬵ֳģҲ۷
һٴȻҲ˻ɡ
ңǼ崫УֱɱȻܱС
żУҲԵͻأ˻ɡ
ɽȻ󣬵ȻƳΪһƷڷӡ״ֳֻ̬һļƷƲϡ
ڷӡ׵뷨Ȼá桯ˣߵõΣձʵ֮಻ʤ
𽥳͵ķɽ룬ûеѪȡǷֳһ˿Ԫɽڲ齣꣬ʹܸӺõϡ桯
һд󹦸ɣ˿˿µ󷨿ռ䣬ƺ뵽ʲôһ˿Ц

߳ռ䣬ǰٴ¶ɭȻ׹ǣװԾ裬ȴԵЩһ㣬Σ֮ɫ
׿ǰֿ˿ܵİ׹ǣЩȻĵѾΪױˣңһϼٴεĻԻģϣһ죬ܸӦĳɾͰɡ
Щص˵ȫĵͶ˽ȥ
μԭǳģȫͶͬʱѾԵ󷨡
ռ䣬ܸӦѾ߱ɱ޳вûĻôһԷνżҵʵ֪ԼֻӦʱ䶼ûУͻᱻԷɱ
ƣ׵ʵȻ֮
οǶԷõΣ
ɣ
һɭֲĳԹ͵ĴȻһĹâȻ׼
׶ʱ¶˼֮ɫ漴ƺ˲䱻⾢˷飡
һİСݳª΢΢㵣漴¶˾ϲı飬ֻǣ⾪ϲıȻˡ
㡪ôܣ棬㾹Ȼҡߣʵɻ
Ц
ͬЦˣⲻǼ򵥵֮Ӱѣ޹ء
㣬޳ʵǺ˲𣬾Ȼһ֣
޳ͬЦȻԹ֮ɫȻթޱȣʵʤңȫܵģ
㣬Ǿǰӣһָ£Σ
Ϊûɱηţڴ˿̣˵СĽ˿Ԫء
΢΢òŵҲգףˣұӦˣ
׳Ͽҵ˵Ŀ峺α
޳ȴûţȴҲûֳʲôһЦãһط𻰡
˵գȴ׵Ļش
׵˵ͷҲãΪϣǰ·
˵գֱȻǰ棬Ӱ¶޳
˿̣лЩƽϵģΪֱӷ󷨣ܺܿɱ޳ǶԷΪмɵֻƴԼܣǱ֮
ίߵĻԷҪֳ˼ȥԼǲǻˣֶΣὫֶη档
ͬʱӰԷԷ˵һĻԼʩչɱУԷȻϾ׼
Ѱνİȫĵط𻰣ʵȴһҲΪһνĵطĿɱ޳ֶΣԲ׵Ķ֣Էѵ޴
ȻҲ뵽һ㣬ν󷨣ʱȫˡ
󷨣Ȼװˣеһǿɱ󣬿˲˳ɱģԪҲͬ
ΪϵԪ񣬾ͬģȻʱȽǿ󣬵Ǿ粻ǿȻһжͽ͡
Էͬ뷨ɡ
ԼĲ²⵽޳ֶΣ֪޳֪ɱУѾ׵С
¶˱Ӱ޳ʱмֹŹֵĸоǴ㽫Ӱ¶׵ģһ׵ע£ûʲôȻԷͻΪûгɱˡ
ȴԷǰ棬ȻƲɵʵΣȴǺ˵ġ
޳ЩǷĺģ뵽֮ǰ׵ֶݶթʱ޳Щ
ϸĸһ󷨵ƿأָһܣ޳ûзκεĲףа˼֡
ϣ˳ɣû֮죬ֻʣһһ£ˣȸ£һҪСĵɱѳһ˿ԪһµķԷһ
ûб֤飬ʵ̫˲ˡ
޳뵽˿ǰɱλã޳¶һ˿Ц⡣
Ȼһûбֳ֮˷ܣһõ׵ԪøӵǿʧȥһУҲѸٵһ
ֻǣǺܳϵġ
׼̤һɱλõʱ޳ҲȻɱ١
Ǿȴɱٵʱ򣬾Ӧ˾޴Ѫɫ׵֮ȻµʱЦˡ
ٶȣɱû׼ۣĴʵζܣ
ǣ׵Ȼٵʱ޳嶸ȻҵĲȻȻѿΪһƬ촷ۣѸٵɢ֮С
лżҵĲ˼;
ǰʵǶȻѪɫ׵Ԫʹ࣬Ƭ֮ɢ
һУָƽ
ףȴĺһڰ
ԭĳغĸоȻʧΣһƺӵµĻĸо׵ȫ
׶ʱף޳ˣڳ׵ʧ֮䡣
ˣǸõϴ񣬶ֱ֮ʧġ
ǹƽɱ˺ɱ֮֮ˣ̫ǿ֮ˣһ㽫ֱӻޣɾͻ
޳ˣ׵ˣףҲڷſеص
Ȼ֮ˣüޱȣһԴЩ˵ĳɾͣ޿
ռܣֻʣɭȻİ׹ǣһƬš
ѹֵûˡ
׿ܵĿݹǣĿѲ֮䣬ѾѰԭʬǣӡȻǬ֮С
׿ѪԵϢѰĸ׵ʬǣͬķӡȻԭʬǻһš
ռ䣬Ȼɱ죬ǽ֣Ѿˡ
ϼ桢νľߵʹϼעؽû䡣
ϼ弴ʤҲǲʤ
ڽΣѾҪˡ
ϼһõĻɽϣĲһķȻ޽һ޴Ĺ
ڹľ׸Դɽ֮ѡõǧľȻɱĿռķɽһĽľ˺ޱȡ
˵ʬǺһȻһʮ׸ߵľ޴ʯԿپıֳ֮ĹߵΣ֮߳Ĺء
ײûȥҷȶĹͣ
ｨһ׵Ķ֮ױ㿪ʼǱϣڽս֮ǰͻƵػ꾳硣
ֻǣȻûˣΪǰ汾Ȼܲ֮Ͼˣ޳ѡأ
һŬ˽£ȴȻ˻ż۷ûͻƣֱƵЩѪ
⼸죬Щд֪ػ꽣ǵػĸ߽׳̶ȣͺñһûѧߣѧܣȥ·ȻҲһӾͻ˵ģҪһӦ̡
׵״̬ˣҲ֪ⶫãԽǼԽ޷ͻơ
⼸죬Ҳо˷ϼ𽥵ĿռսӦҲѾҪˡ
ţ治ԶٴεĴ˻ɱ¾֮΢΢ӦɶʱЩ̾һЩСļɣǶŷϼٽ
Ŀһ漴׼Ⱥ֮УϼĨɱ


475 
ڷϼˣȻ˵̸ϼɺޣҲԲټȥˡ
ⷽϼ֮˴խҶ𱨣ǽȳֻ²ɲ£ٴεƿȨ顣
Ҳ뽫ԭϼķϼ̹ˣ˵ɱϼ˵ɱȻٽһɱȻɽ
ֻҪ㹻󷨿ռȻģϼĵ̰ȥҲ⡣
棬Ȼ׵Ǭ֮в࣬һһЩ̫ǿʯЩ޽磬޽綼ޱȣµĻ֮УЩʯ֮ǿ󣬼ֱǴﵽ˱̬ĳ̶ȣһʯ֧һ󷨽ǧˣ
ԣЩ飬׵Ǵûеǹ
ΪҪǣɱ޳֮󣬶ԷϵǸǬ֮УͬŴʺʹõʯ
ʯЧǿ󣬵Ҳ֧һ󷨽ʮꡣ
һ趯޽ʯֱʹ޳еЩͨϼռʯӦˡ
ڷĹΧױٴε
һΣƾʵǿһƷ󷨣һĹȻǬߵֻر任
֪̫ڼ򵥣һԷȺ֮Щ֮ˣȻҲǻƿ󷨵ģϾػ
һױϸŸ󷨣ϵ󷨣ֱ׵۹⣬󷨵ЧԴﵽΪĳ̶ȣ˿
飬׵Ķ࣬Ҳû룬ֱӵĴһǧűõʯЩ޳ͨϼѼ˲٣Ȼ̫Ӵ󣬵Ҳкü㻨ػ棬ײʹ
һǧŵʯػһƬɽͷԲΧˡ
ΧȻǷϼΧȻϼΧˡ
飬˲١
һֳһ˿ԪغЩ˵ɱԹۡ
ȻҪʹãԪٿطɽĳЩ˺ȻȽϹɱ˶ԷڶԷͬĴ֮УֱԷ˲ɱ
ľϵݣ˿̵ף󷨵СĵɢĿܿʼ͵Ľ
ǰףʵҲﵽ˼ǿʱ򣬿ڽɽһ޴ʯΪһľ޴ĸ¥
ʱۣתۼ䣬±ȥˡ
Ѿɽͷ󲿷ֵضĽˣγһ͵ıһĵطǻľ̨ͤ¥󡢸̨鿻۴αȵĸ¥޲ʾ׵һѪ
֮˵ǿ󣬱ǿܺͶڻƿصȷ棬һǶ¥󣬶֮˶ԣǺܼ򵥵Ĺ
һһЩڰʱһ˶ܴһΪݻĶ׵ʵԭǲҪϼġءģΪ׷ĺķ¡
£̳ǣѾҲҲ֮
սƵƵǴĴవɱ͵Ϯ߱ȱȽǣΪϼĳϼ֮顣
һսһһСսսļҳ̶ȣɼһߡ
ս֮Уļ岻òʼϴƣµĻͷΧַϼ׼ӹܷϼ̵һЩˣȺĪĲڷϼ֮ԭ׼̷ϼĸ壬Ƿ׷׵ļɵ
ʱ򣬴֮еķϼڳ֣Ϊŭ֮İСĺߣŭ֮£һɱ˼ΧĴ壬֮Ϊʵ̫ǿ˸˵ļɵһЩǿǿǿ֮ڽɱ
λϼ棬ȻˣȻ˴ﵽڵΪֻΪովѣʵְָ࣬ԭͽĴϵĶˣڽս֮УνԪˣҲνǲҲ̶á
Щ׶Թ۵ģڣûгֹ
һаʱÿȻвǿרų׹滮Χֻ׶ԴҲŲʣֻǺĽÿδȫпɱ
־壬Ť֮ȫɿݽڣģҡ
ңʬһϣҹȡ
ʱ֮ЩʬĪĻ촷ۣԪ񶼲¡
ֶΣѪȣܿס˲ǰ̽ˣȻҲȻЩ˺η
Щˣ״Ӳ飬ֱĨɱ
Ͼ۷󷨣Ѿ൱ļ󷨵۷ˣЩʵͲ̫ǿ󣬶֮УΪ֮ףҪɱǣֱǼ򵥵˼㣡
һٹһң㳹׵ĳΪ˵Ľ˼ɵ֮
õЧȴû뵽ġ
̳ǵ˳Ϊأԭ֮ٽһЩׯϵˣΪľ⣬׷װ
һ﷽Բǧ̡
׸ܵһУ¶һֹŹֵ΢Ц
ʲôֶΣֻҪ飬ǺֶΡ
׿˿׸㶨һУмˡ
󷨵Զת޸ЧѾڴ֮˵ĶԲߣҲѾá
κˣһ󷨹ǴУ˲󹥻ֱӻᱻ󷨹Ȼᱻ֮еλλӳȥ
̿ƺЩʵϣ󷨾ôģһ˳Ļһû˿ĳ
Ͼ󷨱ںСԳǬĸȻǿ
֮βϼΧ
֮ɽϴ£Ҳǳһֶԭİ֮飬ΣԭѪ
ңԭʵһѵõĸףֳ֮ĸ
϶ӵÿÿбЩ

ߵżϴ̷˴Ҵҵߣ׺Ȼٴεһֺĸо
Щ壬Щʧ䡣


476 ȶת
Ҫʮܻ꣬ص׵֮Уʮꡭ֪ܷͻꡭӣѶȲС
ɱǽݣһ˿ֻصԪĳɳʱ򣬾˻ʱױԻصǸ֮Уںһ˿ʶˡ
֮󣬱԰ˡ
ϼ塢ԭ飬״ˡ
ЩɵģֻзȶĴˡ
˵ǸúĽΨһɱģһ֮ײεķ֣ȶȻˡ
ֽεͬʱ־Щ컯Ū˵ĸо
ѸٵĴԽУȻΣܿʧڳ⡣

顪
ɽȪڣȶȫһ£ɽȪȪۣ֮Ȫˮ֮ޣȻ޷ڵ
ȶ˿֮ǰмݵĸоˣȴ͸¶һ鶯ͼ֮һ֪ŮöԸ
طƺвĽƣܷ֣ҲҵһֲɣȶĿ˸ɵͷ˿Լ¡Сһʱ΢΢Щ͡
ݴͣһ̱ʧˣȡ֮ģһ侲ıɽ˵ơ
ȶٴεĸνĵػ
ΪѾָ˻żңȪ֮۵ȪˮʵԽһ㡣
֮ǰģҲȪȪˮָѵ״̬ûʲô
һ㣬ȶԼû뵽
Ƚ壬һ֮ƣȷʵʧȥĸؼһа츳
Ȼû츳ŬȶԼҲһɾ͵ġ
ʱЩϼˣưɣ
֪ЩˣѾԶٵˡ

ĶǱɽ֮䣬ܵһ˿֮ĵҲ΢΢Щȡ
ﾹȻȪۣ֮
ⷽȶɵǺ˵ͷֻڵΪָˣֻǶٽһ˰ɣ
Щ̾ɽѷ֮ɲƵط⡢а
΢΢Ӧһ£ַȶʵȻʸʤǰ
΢΢¡С˵һµ
ΪⷽȶȻҲرͷΪƣûһĻҲΪǣűˣȻѾͷԲңֻݱҲȽϲˡ
ԭһ˿ԥǵĿڷȶ¡Сϵʱ򣬱ֻ̾һֻԹ컯Ūˡ
״˿̿ȷʵǱʵϣһжӦñֳļѡ
ȻֳʵȴʲôⶫȻϡ棬֮ʿ಻ʤʵʲôֻҪ̫죬⡣
ɽпǱţܿ죬Ȫ֮۵ĵط
ףﾹȻһȪʵ̫ˣ
׾˵ĶЩɵģȷʵͬһ㡣
ֱ飬汾ĸԣһ޶
Ҳûױ˹ȥͷȥȻ͵ĺڡ
Ȼ׺ȻԳһ𾪶֮ɫ漴һˣ̫ǿˣ
˵յѰһط˿֮СĵĿʼ
ЩȻֻϷϷȶϷ
ѡĵطǷȶڵĵطԶ
ȶоϢ˿̣װ֪㿪ʼ
ȶʱ΢΢һ㶣漴һɲ֪ŭ͵Ĵʱھ޴ǿʲϢ֮˲Ҫ
ȶһʱŬϢȻҲʼ
ߣ֮ˣȶȻĿǱ
һ˾ķ˽ʱ
ԭʱ̣˿Ѿ˰ˡ
˿̣ߵĲͬѪһ㣬ӳĵɽͣһƬ糺졣
£ȶվȥ
ʱУƽˣ뵽ģ֮ǰΪɺ϶ʧȥһУ֮ǰһо
濴Ƴɵȴһ֮ˣԼ࣬Լڵĺӡ
磬ûֶӣǻ˵ıӵģϾڵͳϽ磬Ǻ˷׵һ£ǷȶԸںȴ޷ѹ
ƺ뵽˺ܶ࣬շȶֻĬĬߵߡ
״˿վǾϲͼڣ˾Өˮ
ȶģô׿ʮּ˵ȴͬһƬ
ţңС棬㾹Ȼţʵ̫ˡȶԭΪԼĮ˵⻰ʱ˿˿ĲĹػζǱȽϵŨ
׶ʱɫʹǰˣˣԴӵ
ҵ峤ɱˣҲɽˣȻ廥̳ǵĸĶҡ
涼ȻңɱŰ޴ڻҡ
̾Ϣ˵֪ȶ˽ֻܿ̾Ϣ
ȶɫһƺмѹмֿ⣬֮УĿʮֵĸӡ
飬Ȼܺ⣬޷ΪԼļ⵽˴ÿ⣬ףʼĸ屻ˣ־ʹࡣ
ķȶļ򣬵Щ£ҲóˣȶϼʣˣҪͬЭ齨ϼ塣
ȶٴεһ漴֣ȻЩ
ǲٽϼ壬ҪŬϼ壡С棬Բ𣬷ңԲ㣡ȶȻ۽ˮ˵
ƺ˵ıͳء
ԭһֱɵģȻˡ
Լģ׺ȻĪľ͸оһ˿ϤϢϢԴһȴҪ׽ʱ⾹Ȼʧˡ
ô£
Ȼ󾪣Ҫ֪ϤУǼ飬ⷽȶĪĸת
װԲ²һ£вһ⣬ӵĸˡ
Ϊ粻ͬ޽磬磬λɵ˿ڣ˿Ӵľˣ棬ױѾǸоɺϣԭԼеӵķȶҲˣѵĻ
׵΢΢һʱЩ
޳֮׶Щͨˣʮֵļɵ
޳֣˵ԭڣ
һЩǿǿأ
漴ַ룬ʶںϣŮԣһֽеĴУǾһڶڡĸԡĿ
һ룬׷ȷʵˡ
֮ǰȶʵʱƽģǴĵ׵Ұɡ
׵ǰˣȻ˵ٻЩɻ󣬵ȴûˡ
ȶֻҪԸ⣬ңԸػһӣ벻壡
֪ʱǵñ̬ˣȻȶڵĺӣֻ¾ͽӴ군
벻塭ȶĿͣϵı鷴ӵˡ
ҺԼΪʲôͲ֪ϧΪʲôȶ˵һſŵ¡
׶ʱȷʵЩĪĶڷȶӡ˼֡
˵ףһʮŮܷ֮ţȻȫǸˣֻ¶޷ܡ
ȶȶ侲ȵԴԴᡣ
С棬ǣ֮ǰһֱ㡪
ȶԥ˵һ̲ԵôС
΢΢һЦɵȶ㵱СôɵôΪ˳ȶ˲ĸԸıɵϵġˣٶ˵ˣǣȶǲԸҪСˡ
˵
㻰ůģȶȻˣǲȴסߣͶ׵Ļ


477 ڰɽ
׵мָӣǴ˿ڻ׾ЩԳ
ŮӣȻͬһ㣬ⶨҲΪĶѹ֣һ˵Ϊ跹˼˹ˡи̾ȴ¶ҸЦݡ
еĽƺܵůĻ˵İȫůеѹίƺᣬʱ̣ȫк˳
ıŷȶĬĬĿѪɫϦ𽥵ߵգȻǲã
ʲôˣʲô׷ʲôܵʲô
һе壬ƺȻúһе壬ƺΪĳȤǻ壬ƺһУڲϵ׷ںͲϵ׷֮жȹ
⣬ѵ
ֲãһҸ֮У˿̵ƽ򶨣ǻеģһŮǺԼܹϵˣֻһСһ㡣
ĸо׾ãԼƺڿʼϡ
ĵĲϵĸоȻˣһЩ˵Ŀ⣬Ϊʲôǵģģǵġ
Ϊǿ̫̫̫࣬࣬࣬Ӷľͷ
ľϣȾ֮£־һľԭӦıԪ
ľϵĽʹþʱ򣬶ӦԪȫȹ̣Ӷҡ
ͬģҲܵħٵȶĸš
ԭľѾܸߣ˿Щ򣬲ĸϲԸĸпˡ
е˶֪ʱѾ˯ȥ뵡˵ģʵʤա
ͬģ˼㲣̲סЩۡ
ûʲô飬ƽҶʼǷȱһָ鰡
ĵжϵ漴ΪĳЩεԭ򣬶ⷽȶ׷
ϸĸһ£ȶȻȪһ׵ʩչٶȣ۷Ķ֮С
Ĺߺİһ˵ȶ˷ɽ֮⣬ֻҲǱ޳ˡ
һԱ任ģմҳսף˿̻ǳɫҲЩƣȻսѾء
ŷȶŽľ˵ԺǷݻȣ׵ͷ֮£ƺһİȻ˫塣
Ȼ͸ɫս׺ǳɫĨأĺޣȻܸܵľ˵ĵԡ
岻ȻЩӦȴһ궯ѹҲ侲˼֡
ȶϵת䣬ȷʵЩɵ漴׷ȶѹ̫Ѿеʱһо˳ˡ

̳ǵһҿջ֮С
˵ⷽϼ峤һ֪ѣɽ˴Ѿɱܶˣżĸ֣ɱĺѿ
ǰϼЩСռģҲ뵱ϼ棬֮ǿʵ˿ֻţ
ȷʵŵϼڣ֮󣬾٣ٵŵڿһڱ㽫ȫ£Ȼˣ
У֪ʲôʲôһ£ڱ¿Ǿˣۣ۾ĸ֣
ЩʵǴļ⣬ûϼҲô
̨ԼǣԺ󣬷ϼĵ̣ǻǱܿΪãɷʵ̫Ũˣ֮սľ

ͷüͷĵôŵô
Լһ󣬲Զܻôֻһܳĵ͵󷨰ˣŵġ
һۡԺɴסòŮӣȴο̾Ϣһƺ˿
ˣȻ뷽ȶ
̳֮ǰżˣ԰Ƿϼ顣
̳֮УȻۣ֮ƺ̸ɫ䣬Щһ̸Ƿϼػ󣬶ʱɫһһ׵ģʮѿ
ǵһٴƵˣҲЩԾˡ
Ȫɽϣ˷ȶһ£֮׶νǹػ֮ġ顯Ҳ¼졣
ײûкͷȶǺ֮һȶЩļɵܸоȶеһ˿ã
ȻȶӦǶǻ׵һ˿ã̬
ҲģκŮˣ֮еĵһˣ޷ġ
ΪǸ˶ô⣬̣Ϊ֮顣
˿ãУЩζԽԷȶذǻ
ԽȶԽΡ
ڲúһ㣬ʵĿһЧ
ֻǼˣҲ׼񵽵ףԶС
һʱûлطϼ壬ԽԽ۵ʱ򣬲ŷ˲Ծ
С棬ôˣ
ȶѯʵϵĹ֮ɫ
΢΢ܵҵΧ֮ڣܳˣȥ
ȶѾӹ·̸֪֮Ĵڿջ֮иЩ֪б䣬ܵС棬˵λǰİǣΪҷǿۼ֮أ
΢΢СӦǰ߰ɣϾǿߣ濴Ƿҵĵ̣˵ˣ治ȥطˣǰӦûЩɵİɡ
ȶ˵ͷСĶԣӦֻǰƺ̫һЩ㿴Щ̸֮ɫıֻ֪ɱ˲ˡ
΢΢ͷȥ
úֱһöʯ磬ʯͽǻңȻȻһ㻹δ֮ʹõĶ
˳˿ջ֮׺ͷȶһŲʱޱȣٵĳŷϼɽȥ
һ·һʱ
ڽӽһʱʱɽǰֻǻûнɽţױԭء
Ȼ֪󷨸֮󣬽һ󷨳׵˾תϵû뵽󷨾ȻĽˣ
ʷΪ𾪵ˣ
һСС󷨣һȫռĻ˴֮ˣۼ֮֮꣬󷨵Ľǿ
н󷨣һֱ۷弼һ룬ֻһ˵Ĵ룬ͺñһȴΪ̨ʶһ
죬ʵǹ죡
𾪵Ĳ󷨵Ľ̶ȣΪҲֻǴﵽ弶󷨵ǿȣΪ⣬۵İ׹Ǻɭĺɷ֮ʵ̫ˣ
ԭ۵ĵط˿̾Ȼɭɭа֮
һ׶ʱΪ޳ˣûɵһϸ۲Ӧײŷַ֣޳Ǭ֮ͷųĲл飬ҲЩ֮Ԫ;Ѫ飬Ȼ󷨣ҽΪһΪĺڰ
УرడЩĲ飬Ȼ˽壿
۰׹ǣֿ˿һƬģ׶ʱˡ
ڰ󣬾ȻɵһĶȻΧ֮ȫһգʵ̫̬ˣ
ЩɭȻ׹ǣ˵֮ǰһ£ײڵʱдģԱȻйĹ
ֻͣܽͣȻôݹˡ
⡪
ȶ𾪣Ȼƺһ
΢΢¶֮ɫ漴Ǽ֮ɫƬ̺׶ʱ˵ȶλǰ֪ǵݣȻϼѣﲼһػ巶ΧĴ󷨲ٿصȣѾڸˣҴȥ
ʮּ˵Ǽ˷ܡ
ȶԣҲǳľϲһˣָտɴ
ţһҪúõĸлһλǰȶͬʮּ˵
׵ϧǰ˵뿪ˣ֮ǰģҲǰĲӰ˵껰ǰʧˡ
ȶ΢΢ЩźĵˣΣѵʱ֣飬ǰˣҲҪúõİлǡ
˻ʱԷȶӡٸĹ˼֣ͷǡ


478 ǿػꡤʣ1
һЦȻ׷̤֮С
ԭɭֲ󷨣ڴ˿˽ȥ֮󣬲ûͬһ㣬ֿ̳ҵı׵硢ɭȻаһɭֲĻ徲֮
徲еĶãĿҲʮֵ£ûаȻɭ֮С
׿󷨣󷨵̶ȣ΢΢İһ֮󣬶ʱ
ԭ֮ԽԲΪ˾Եһһ򵥵ģͣʹ֮һռ䡣
ڸܵռṹʱײŰңΪ󷨿ռۺ϶γɵḶ́ʮֵأͬ򵥵Ŀռһ㣬˼򵥵Ĳ͸
΢΢˼ʱмȻ֪ȥջĶҲֱ࣬ӷ˶󷨵С
󷨱γɵḶ́ģ󷨵ף˿Ҳ޷͸ֻܿơ
ˣҪһ󷨣ҪٴεĿĻԵˡ
Ҳ֪ܽӵʶ󷨣һ˲ˡ
ױһ˿Ԫ񣬽֮У˿ʶȡ룬Ƿˡ
С棬ôˣǰں˵ô
ȶЩ񣬲ѯʵ
΢΢һȻŴ˼֮о˹ЦЦû󷨣ȻǻʶʵǺ˲ˡ
󷨼ȻȡؼֻҪǲܻԵƻĻʱȥ
ȶԣ۾һˣ½壬ػ
׵˵ͷϣȷʵˡ
ȶԵúǾϲƺǲǿ߸˼ָм
˿ֳ̣Ըȴﻹ֮ǰڷϼĻƣ
׶ڷȶ˽⣬˿ҲһԸŵġ
ԼһЩشĴۣ֣ʵҲˡ
Ͼ԰ȶһʵˣˣһȻΪ׼ˡ
һ㣬ױ㲻̫ļɵ
׺ܿɽ֮еķΧ̨ͤ¥ԼϼׯԺʮֵӴ˵ݻ
Щ׺ͷȶͬʱ¶˾ϲģ
ţ뷽ȶ֡⡯ںɽһ֮еľ޴Ĺ԰ĿʱΪжͳء
Ĺ䱮ģȴԹߵĽǶԿ̵ģ˲
һױ飬Ȼ˶ѾڣĹ֮ǰϲԵ
ȶȻߣȴЩĽˡ
һһзԲ˵

ʱۣһתۣ¹ȥˡ

һ˫ۣоⶸȻȫٴεͬһ㱬
žžž
׵ȫһʱ˱С˽˳ɣ漴һŤʱָֻԭĴС
壬⼸µĴѾ˺üΣ
ȻľȻͣ˻ľż۷壬ĳѾ𽥵ȥ٣ػ֮Ҳľ޴ưˡ
ػ꣬Ӧмְͻưɣ
ϣЩͻƣȻʱϵԽãҪѰӣѶȺܴ
ȶŮȻϲǲߣϾԷ׵ˣǡ桯ˡ
£ȷʵЩΣҲˣȵȷȶ֮һС
ػ꣬ػꡭػ꽣Ǵصصķ򣬴صİ塭
ײϵ˼ţ˳㻹ʼ
ϧֹϵ飬ã˲٣㵽ĶҲ߰Ĳ֪Ȼ
һҪͻƵػѶȣЩ
ףҲɿü
ػͼͻƣֻᣬԴţⶫӦú˻࣬Ӧξ֮ľɡ
ţȻԺһ˿⣬һ㶣ȻӦεץԺ֮С
Ȼ䡪
͵˫ۣǾȺ
һֹ̣ͣκι˻ȻֱӵĽ˻꣬Ҳͬξ֮һ㡣
ʱ׽ξȻξõ磬ʼܻһ
һУħĻ룬Ǵ˿ȴּʵ
Щħ޵Ļʱ򣬼֪Щģǽֹ˻֮׾ͬһͨķˣĹֵʱĸоһ
дţ亹ǲϵħһ볯׵˹
׶ʱ󺧣ȴƺ޷һ㣬ȫƺˣ޷
ʱףֻܷţȻ־ĿЩײеĶħԼ֮С
ɲǼ䣬类׵һ㣬ȫɢž޴͵ͬʱ޴һָоܡ
޷һµһµûˣ
ʮ־£˾˵ٶȣʱװЩڣ֮󲻸ʲôػƲʵˡ
֪Լ˿̴һξ֮Уһ֮ĵػ֮Ρ
Ȼ֪Ŭ˿ûЧ
ͬȫĽһ㣬ƺִֻУ
мǿֻţ֮˸þȫǿе̧壬
ȫϵ˸ž޴ɫĵһɹǿĸоᴩģ
ƴȫȻ͵ŭһ𡫡
ȻӺѵ˳ǲӴ󣬱磬һѡ
һʹȫ͵һ飬Ȼ˹ǿֲʣСʾ
ʱ׵ȫɫĶʺȫ·ҲѾĺˮʪ͸

һں״ԭأʵЩľ


479 ǿػꡤʣ2
һΣֱǿиػİ壬Ȼֹ̣տ֪
һ֮У֮£ֻҪ˲ɢˡ
еػ꽣ĵ̴ڣˣֻΣ֮ˡ
ͻƵػˣΣհһõۣ棬ǿǶˣи̾ϻһ֮ɫ
׶ʱӰٵһׯԺ֮еС֮С
ֱӷͶУȻΪԼϴ
һεĵػľǱʵڲԣʵʮ˲õһδˡ
յĴЧֵܲػ֮ϴ־֮ȴǿŴصų⣡
ֻᣬףԼ磬ҪȻֶĴȻãٳȥĻĴ֮Ὣĥ´Ϊ촷ˣ
ʱһصػ֮棬ֻԪΪǿҲʹˡ
𽥵ķһεľʱףԼ֮ǰһƣȻЧ
һ㣬ȴ׶ڵ˻ѵһԡ
Ϊ֮Ļ¿ʼʱÿֻҪʼͱȾ˻ꡣ
Ȼ˻ξйأ˻˻ꡢػꡢܸôҲ˵ػ궼Ǻξйصġ
ξȻеһУȻҲĴڡʡ
ʣһεΣҲһֺܿµĴڡ
ǰִʱױйо
˯ʱһȱѪģ˰췢һȱѪʱܿµѣΡļ¡زѹȸС۷ڡ͸񾭹ϰ֢״ˣ׷ȱѪȵĿ־塢ûѪѹĿᶡԼ˯ʱͷ߻˯˲¾ѹѪȵˣҹ˯ʱͻӦزĳֿµĶħѹס׷ֺܲ˵ҽѧϳ֮ΪʵķǳµĶΡ˯ǳʱĪľ֣Ҳ׳ƵĹѹʱȱѪվʱӵӾ˶ϰûнѣȴѲ
ǰ˵ʵϣһ֪ȴףֻϰԵһеʶġ
ʵϣ˵Ļ֮У˻һĿռ䣬Ƕ˵ľһĿռ䣬ֿռ䣬˵˼ܵĥ¶ɳ
ͺñȺܶ˽˵飬˻ռ䣬Ҳξ֮У취һһָĥ¡
ǣνĵػ꣬һʣ˵Ƕܵһֵڡ
ͺñ࣬Ȼػصػֲ֮ν˯ƣȴйصػ֮ķӣ˲ŻִĽ͡
ʵǲģΪת֮£֬࣬ɳڵػ֮Ĵ߶֮γɵġ
ֳɳϢḶ́ǵػ֮ķˡ
ػ֮ķӣĽס˵꣬޷޷ǾȷֲĹ֮У׵֮Եĸо
ˣָоúܶΪֲʡ
Ҳˣײػ֮ʵĻʣȴǵػ֮֡
Щˣһ޷֮ԣ޷ʵǿȴ̼Ϊ̫̫ǿȻڵػֳ֮֮
Ҳνһ֮Ȼȥ飬飬ȷʵ಻ʤ
ͨ˵ʣΪ;Ѳأֻʮʮֵ΢ĵػ֮˲Ųֳ¡
֮˵ĵػ֮Ǻǿɹ۵ģ˲Ÿӵա
Щ˿
ϴɾ֮׷ɳ˺棬ȻڲתȫˮնʱʧΡ
ţ״Ǭ֮ĳһװɫĳ۴ϣ㼫ٵĳׯԺڲһ֮ۡзȥ
ټɽׯ˿ֻ뷽ȶˣΪԭ˲ԸٰˣϾֳʵһ㣬󷨵һ֪
ȻɽˮĵطЩȣȴ¶
ʮµĻ̥ȶС¡̶ȣѾǸˣӣҲ죬ӽҪˡ
ӣ׻ǺܹעģȻûϵѪǱؾͷȶ϶γɵĽᾧ
ںӵ֣ҲѾˡ
Ѿ˳ǸŮ
Ȼһϼƺû˼̳֮ˣȴŮ֮ˣԲ⡣
ߣڴﵽż֮ǰʱ仹ǶǣȶǺ˿ģײΪϼ÷ȶ
֮ԾͻƵػ꣬׸ԸðգҲΪ⺢ֻ֮Ҫ֮ģӰ
񣬴ﵽ˵ػһľ֮ױ㳹׵İˡ
ɻظۡʱѾǰʮˡ
˿̣ȶȻͦŴӣǱؾ֮ˣжޡ
ƺҲӦأ׻ҲΪ֣Ѿ׼ЩˮһЩ伢ա
׵˵ͷ漴עһ·ȶΪ
Ȼ˶ǰȪ֮ȡȪˮǷȶȻ˻ż۷廹ûͻơ
һ׵ҲЩΪżˣ˵׿ϷȶٶȣһҪ˽һ·ȶ֮ݣϾҿοǵȻһ˲Ϥ֮Уʵ̫С
ˣ̫żȻͻƾѵĻôȶأ
ѵһֱȴȥ
ȶ֮ܰ󣬷ٸػķ˵
ȶһ漴ЩĵѵѾ˵ػꣿ
΢΢Цŵ˵ͷ
ȶϲжʱ¶̾Ҹ񣬵ԭǴţȶʵĿ⣬Ŀǳ֮
Цôˣǲˣֻ֪ڵĳȶǷı
ȶҸĽͷ˹ֱͷԼš
ܰʵͿԳˣֻǳȶãΪ⺢ǳȶجΣϣзߡ
ջˣǱѡʱܰ¼ɡ
ԣοܰǵ׹⣬ȶİգ֮ܰ£̫󣬲ȻԺȶú׼һһֱߵġ
ȶʱϹҸ΢Цֻǣ۾Ȼ˾Өˮ
֮ӣȻ֮ͬһǰ㣬ֱӴ򿪸ȡȻһ鵤ָƣƬ̼ɡ
˷Ϊֳͨڲʹúܵʲôˣǲʲôʹࡣ
ӵḶ́ٻʧԪʹӵŮԪˡ
ڷȶȴûԪ˵ĲϾ˵ϵҩ˻굤ν峿νļƷԪЧǼġ
ߣȪ֮ˮȻȪ֮ˮ࣬ǶڷȶƻָԪָȴ㹻ˡ
ҹʮ֣һ׼׵֮󣬷ȶڴϣϴ޾⡣
Ȼ£Ϊԭ˲ΪǷ֮£ȻһЩܵжеġ
ʱ䣬׶ȶҲͬʱ˷ȶ˿̳壬ȻЩ߲ѡ
ƿ¡ĸȻ̥ȻԼϸСĵֶΣȡϵΪ΢֮󣬱㽫ȶԴů̲
ֻ̲С̣ȶɫҲ˿˿ĺȻɢգʧ
˿̣ȶСƽ̹ȥһ˿壬Է֡
СȻûп֣۾Ҳıš
Ƭ̣ŵЩŨ㣬ʱһ£һޡ
Źһ֮еĺ¶˴΢Ц
Ȼ⺢ϼѪǳɾһеģȴףҲ˵⻹׵Ķӡ
棬ʵҲѾԪɢˣΪԪһ𣬶ʶҲζ


480 Ѫ壨1
飬ľЩ塣
Σ׾ǻϼһػ֮ˣ˶ӣȻΪ˽ϼϣҲǶԭ˵ļͱˡ
壬ȴ뵽ȻѾԪˣȻ㣬ǵʱ֮ԼԼ֮УҲǲɡ
Ȼˣ֮ǰĽĳһķд˼ˡ
Ҳʱһ˿Ԫ񣬴֮У棬ɾһͬȶһ𣬵Ҳûи
ĳһдĳɾΪһžۣҲδɡ
ܰءȶҸ΢Ц˿̣ȻѾָȻЩƣĸо
ţҲأۺܰһԡ
ȶһڣߺһƬ
׿Ϊ֭ľ޴壬ʱҲһԳ

ϣֻܰΪܰΪԭĹϵϷ棬ѾҲ⡣
֮ܰ󣬿ʼÿҹᳳ֣뷽ȶ֮ˣȻӦ
СܰǲӣǸ뷽ȶʡ˲鷳
ӣôĴϢ
һתۣȥˡ
ʱ䣬Щ𣬵ػ֮ѣֱ׿֮
Ҳףػһ޸ڣ򲻴ֻĬĬĿޣԲԼʵ
֮УȻҲûٺͷȶһ˫ޣˣ֮ǰȶһԻ衣
Խܣʮɰ
ܰһ˫Ŀɰ˫ۣԲԲ˵Ŀɰ
裬ȻɰΪȱٽԭЩӣҲЩ
׵Ľ׵õĲٹ֮еһֱȽϸȶĹ˹Իܾ
ֹҲͬͬСɣʼҪ󲻸ߣ侲򶨣ĥ£Ҳǿ
⹦һŲ㣬ÿһ㾳硣
Ҳ̿࣬꿪ʼɣ˾˵һţֳɼʵҲǺܲˡ
׵ʵȴһ֮ǰͣ˵ػ֮󣬱޴
ⲻƣƿҪһĻԵһĶ򷽿ɡ
ͬģȶڽ׶ڵػĸ֮ҲѡͬķȻ˳ͻơ
ȶϾȶ˿ȻʵףҲѾﵽ˵ػĵ弶ڵƿţԲʲô̫͡
꣬и֮׽֮ˣٶȻ죬ȶȻһˡ
ףֻǡǡǺߣȻйĸ߽׶θ򣬵Ǳؾֻǲ׺һڣʶӣѣ
һΣױȻ޴һ£ЩԵ
ɽϵ飬ײģȻֻ̬꣬Ժ׳£ƣ˴ʱǳ䵱ϸĽɫ
ȻʱڵŴ۾ίˮܰǲģΪԺȻס
ܰ׾ʮη壬ˣȶġ
׶ܽɭϣҲʵһԼ˻ռ䣬˵֮ռ侭ʵ˵£׳ţŷŵ
ȶ֪׵Ĵ㣬ҲûֻСġ
ֱǰһ˵࣬Ų䷢֣ԭȶѾʼռһϯ֮ˡ
룬ŷԳ飬ҲЩꡣ
Ǽ£һֱû˵ƣԺԵΣٿ

˫΢΢ٿһ㣬Ѹٵȥ
ȻֳģҲһ˵Ŀ߶ѣһ֮£ٻһۣױƳԶľˡ
˻Ȼֻľ磬׵Ĺ֮ǿġ
ǿʹ׿ֱӵĶý֮ӦĹ
һԽԵǿĹ׵ʵʵȻǿᣡ
ȻûͻƵػԪȴ֮ɳ˲٣Ĵﵽڵ۷塣
ԸӦڲõĽֻҪͻżֻں̵ܶʱڣﵽۺھ磡
ۺھ磬һֱڴģңİǧ飬Ȼ
ΪǬͼĽ٣ǲֿռλġ
磬һᣬҲȻң
µɽµĿĵȵȣ˵£ȫɢһرĻ볯
˳·ǰ̳ǵĵطȥһһ˿ԪͶ̥ףףȻףڼʵ֮󣬾¶һ־ɫ
Ȼˣ˵ԼϳԼ
ָо֡
ףȻҲ׵ʶ㽫˴˫ʶںϽֱ֮˴˷ֿ
һСףӵ˴׵һ˻ػĵãҲһСͿࡣ
ûв˿Ԫֱȥ
ͺñ״߹һȦ˳·һûбֳ̫⡣
һ·΢շ׾˴Сȵǳء
̳ǣǣٵ³Ǳһǳأ׶ûз̫ϵĸ֡
ԭ˻żʱ򣬿Žɱżĸ֣Ͼ־ǽ֮ӦİԵʵԡ
˻żͶӦ˽齣ɱʹﵽ˺ڵĹˣ
⻹׵ĽĹͬľƵģϾںڣ齣ɱɱȽڸ֣
ȻԪݶǿݶС˺ܶ࣬ҲԶԿԪӤĸˡ
ʵﵽػʹóĹѾﵽ˽ŭһˡ
һеɱӵı̬ݶʵҲѾﵽ˿ֲĳ̶ˡ
ţ򵥵ż֣벻һ֮С
ҲƵԭΪ۹ֳʵѾֹػƫƫ￨޷ͻƣʵǺƵһ¡
֮ţڣţ֮ͽŭɱɼµĸ֣Ѿѡ
ˣνѰһԵǰΧȥһ£ϾЩ˽һ̽һ£кôġ

һҹһϷһռ֮ţһᴫ
ײҴ⣬Ӧһ´ǿȣ϶ǽĴ
һһΪ㻯ԪӤڵʿ
˿̣ϣҲ޳սսѥԼ޳ķɽ
ЩȻļһ£ȡΪӰսװ
޳ϵĶȻײЩع⣬Ϊ޳ЩΪݵҲ˵ùȥ
ϾܶߵԪǺǬָںһģЯıǿһЩҲ޿ɺǡ
սףƷ޳ǬָΪģǴ˿̣׶ԣȴٺò
ΪЩٲʧݵɱ
׼һ֮ЯӰָȻ̤⴫
׹һǰ綸Ȼת䣬Ԫ֮˵ĳӯ죬ĺˮȻһƬ󺣡
״˿̣ȴһƬλá
׸նӣȻ֣߲ԶѾ֮ˣӣӣһɫ欷ͷаŮӡ
׻û˵Щ֮УаŮӱ˵ˣҲˣ˱㵽ˣ⺣֮Уǿɵõˡ
Ϊ֮Ȼɫȴ˿䣬µ˵ͷߡ
΢΢Ӧһ£Щ˵ΪȻԪӤϣﵽǰڣһڣǳϺڡ
Щʲô˼ʲôΣգ
ֹ֪Щ˴Ūʲôز죬Ҳýͣ㲻ԵĻȺ֮С


481 Ѫ壨2
֮ˣһ֮ˣΪǵϣ׿Ըܵõ˿˿а֮
Ȼһ㣬Ҳ޷ж϶ԷǺģʽȴǰԼɵ
˿̣Ϊ׵˹Ѿˣã˸ϽǰѪ壬ͽ׽ù鰸
Ȼ׷׵ͷ
״˿̣ȴЩĪĵѵʲôȥץ˲ɣ
״˿ȴûбֳЩɻ󣬶һ㣬˵ͷ
һаŮ˵ոƬҲǰˣң룬黹ǲ֪ǷǿΣŸվѲãʵ̫ǿ
֮ܽ˲ץס
СӲ֪ôǾܾոˣɱǱӣʵɻ
һŭ
˿̣׷΢΢
ң룿
ˣ׵ӡ󲻿νΪңңĸ磬ңܿ׵ˡ
кܴĿǼˣȻ뿴ңһǲʶǸң롣
С˱Ѫ壬Ѫ壬ȴոĵ̣Ǹôʱһǿݵ˵
ոͱѪͺãȻһ㣬ֻҪһɣڣǱ
һȻ׷׵ͷ
ʱ֮ˣѾշ΢΢ͺ󣬵ٶҲ
ʱѾʼĩ
ӣƬ򣬼е֮ˣոµˣ˿ڵĵӦһѪΧ
һֻЩ鷳ˡ
׵룬ȻӦûжɢ֮ˣΪЩɢޣһ˳Щɣϱ㶼ע
Ϊ򵥵ķǾͳΣȻѹΣ
Ӧٹˣһ㶼ǽǬָںԪ֮еģһѣЯĶȻʮֿɹۡ
һ˳̲ƲȻһûʲôλʵȨݣפ
սһսʱЩ˴ɳȥһһˣҲᶯҡɵĸ

ԭкܶ࣬ײûϸȥΪѪΧѾˡ
ڶԷûлףףΪˣҲ˶ѣں֮ܿǰдĲʶ
ֻǵȻߵĵϡ
㣬˻ףǲйˡ
Ѫϲ㣬ռܣž޴Ѫƣֻǿһۣͷ֣һػ󷨣ȻҶ޷󷨵֮ˣ໹ǼΣյġ
Ȼ˵ãһ۾ͿıԣȻټɵʲô
ոִӣ˿̷ո֮ǰ׽ͽң룬ϣѪܴ򿪽ƣҵͬУʤм
Ϊ׵˳˵żֹ
ǺԭѪڣ˿ȴǺȻһ㡣
Ƭ̣߳һĿ࣬ɫս׵׳
׳ǿƣ㼫˵á
ЦոΣĪ˵ѪûʲôңСУΣ׳Цǲм֮ɫ
꺺ɫʱЩѿֻȻѪôǴкǸѪӣȻ㲻ʶ̧٣Ǿٺòˣ
꺺ҧгݵ˵ɫЩŤȻԷĻʵ̫ˡ
ѸٵĶ
ףȴЩʲôִӣʲôӣЦѡ
޷ǣ˫ƺãʵȴӿңԷֻػ󷨣ԿѪ֮Уڽ֮أ׷˽ȥ
ո֮еΪЦոͷ裬ƺ⻹ǵһ֮ˣȻ
ףνִӣɳȥڻҶѣ˵ʲôִӲǺԻˡ
ո֮ˣֻ⣬һЩ˲žӢӣΪҲ޷жǲĳŹ鸽Ȼˣ䷢䵽桮ִμսɵܳ䵱һĻ
뷨飬ոȻ
˫ֻǰͲôźãֻҪͷһ棬ʱѼɡ
ֺݶļƲߣֻ΢΢˼Ѿˡ
ˣ˫ŵʱԶԶ˺棬⿴ΪµģˣҲû⡣
˫һԲϣ׷ŭŭı飬Ȼ֣ʱ׼ҲѸٵȻʧ
ʱҲע⵽ԶһѪԱ߲ԶһȰӰƮƺһŵˡ
΢΢ȣĵ˵֮˵á
£ײɫĸ˹ȥ
ӰûзףսңȻ˱ѪѪ֮С
һ׸ǾȣĵԷ󷨵⣬ҲŲĸ˹ȥ
ˣȻЩ϶ң룬ңĴ磬û׼ӦȴҲûʲôĸо˲Щɲ
֮ǰˣ٣Ų²⣬׶˽⡣
ʮӴ󣬵ȴǱֺһ㣬ﵽһľʵᱻȻĴ͵֮Ӧĵ
ͺñǷһ
ͷͬǣԣҲλ֮ϵǱͬһ޴λ֮С
Ҫǣﵽһ׼֮󣬱֮ϴһΣȻع硣
ϴͻعΣײǻϣǿġ
ڴﵽ׼֮ʹصɽ֮Ļ
Ǹֻ²Ļˡ
Щǿ߷ѾͿȻҲ֮´ӻ翪ʼ
٣ӦǴӻܻһĳ̶ȣȻýϴ˻صѾһ֮С


482 ң

ǰӰϵŤȻѰѪ󷨵֮Ѹٵ˽ȥ
׿УһΣӰ֮УֱӸ߲Զ
һ֮󷨿ռ䣬ѾһƬѩ׵ıѩԭˡ
һ޼ʵģǲãİѩ棬˺һĻѩ̳档
ѩû˿ӡǣ֤ˣ٣ûʲôͨ
ڽɲǣϽ֮Уѩ˿ӡǣͬʱռ䣬ҲһĲ
һԪ֮Ŀռ䣬󷨺޴ڵƮİѩκ˾޿ɱ⡣
׵ıⷽȻ֮УַȻҲõķ
ǰ˾ȻϵڵѩʱЩ
԰ѩԭһȻֻ󷨿ռ񣬵֮ҲףΧԭռ䣬зԲʮ
һҪϵûû˵ڵѩô
ȥֶܼأ
һ˿֮ģˣ˼Ȥ
Ƭ򣬲жģ׵¡
ѩƮƮһӰٵĲ˸ţȻǰԾȥ
󷨣Ȼ˹䣬ҪõǼֻǼˣ
Ӱ³һƬԹߣ֮ƺݶһԪ֮ٶȸ
ѩ֮УӰҡҷ
ңֻԽԽԿˣĻᣬҲͬʮֵѵã
һҪǣһȥܻȡǼ˵õı
ԴӦ֮磬¶֮Σң㷢֣ԭԽ֮еһЩʮʵã
ͺһֱصľУӰƺǼ򵥵ĹȻޱȹľ
ٴΣǴ֮£ӳ
Ӱǿĺô˲䣬ûʵӰӶ䱾һӰȡԼһЩССȻŻɢ
㣬ҲɷԪ֮˲ΣͷңҲʹá
ڽ֮磬ԴӺԵңҲѰң񣬴ңѧһּ򵥵֮
ԭЩңû⣬ǲ룬磬ȻһЩսסݡҩ֮䣬һЩ飬ʵңϲ⡣
£ܷѩֶΣңѪģȻ㣬ҲǺķٵ벿־Ѫ
뵽ǼƷǶ壬Ǻıˡ
ԣǶ־ĶǶڱȡãң붼ʮֵĿ
ٴεĹĶһ˿Ԫ֮ң˿ڿһÿռ֮еˡ
һ΢޴ѩƮһ̣һӰٵĳѩȥ

߿ȻѩңȻӰȴǸӿٵѩϯȥͬʱһӰ˸֣Ƭ޴ѩϯ˹
һӰʱһڽ£֮Ӱ㶸Ȼʧˡ

ţӰȻȻ
һݣ漴ʱˣң룡
ΪӰܻģҲôˣЩ֮УңģҲֻһˡ
СӣȻ֪󷨵ӣȷʵŪʲôãҸȥ˵
˵漴Ӱ£һռ֮С
ѾѪĽ֮ˣҲѾûػΪΧػ˶Ѿ˹
ײңѾԶȥ뷨Щ𣬸ս׶ʱһ˲
ʱ׺ȻоܵĿռ䲨һ£ȻһӰ
֣ѵǴܣңĿ˸Ŷܣ˼
Ƭ̣ѰȻʼȻҪָ֮ǰԪġ
гһԪʯȻٵĳȡԪٵĻظš
һ̣ңƺûκεķ
ţȻңܿĳġ
һĻײ΢΢һЦĵСӣɵǽ֮͵ķ裬νһϣһ°
Ȼ֪ǸָģӰ֮еһӰѣң롣
ң룬ȴڽƬ̣Ѿ
ֶΣֻһ˶ϵĵַ˿ɵʹεġ΢΢Ц
ʱûзҲûңʵ˼ΪطͳΣա
ҪңҲһʱ
һովѣȻŷʵʵȴֻгʵң룬ʵжǿ״Ҳܹĳ
ߣ¸ôãΪβһҪΪ²֪
Ȼ䣬ӰȻ˵
ȴ΢΢Ļһ£в΢΢һݡ
漴ңӰĹ˵ĶʱײЦˡ
Сӣѧթֻ֮һȻҪթƭˡ
Ȼ֪һֻҲǱϼ޻ˣϾӽֻǹȥ˽ʮˡ
ʮ꣬ң˷ľ磬Ѿǲˡ
뵱ͷľ磬ǧ꣬⻹ʱ̵ˡ
СӣɹĿ࿴ȻһͨˣһϵǲСġ
΢΢Щ̾
һ̣Ӱ˵ˣ£Ȼ㣬Ҳ֪ߣȻĺСĺԷ¿Ƕ֮ˡ
ʲộָ˵ɣ
Ӱƺŵ˵ʵϣӰĻңȹעУȻ󾲹ֶζѡ
˿̣ΪûлظڣնĻң벻òɵ֮
֮ǰľ˿Ĵ⡣
Ȼûв˸棬ƺôһ˫ŵ˫ۣڿһ
Ȼƺ˫۾ûж⣬ңȻڡ
ָоҲֻǸоѣңУޣ˲ʹֶΡ
ֶֻΣȻȻûмЧ
Ҫô˸棬֮вĴҪô˱ϼ޻֮
ǰߣңȻ⣬Ǻأ
ңвЩӰ٣㲻ٹעӰԶȻȥ
˼ĿӰӰȻ죬һ˿΢ʶƺżЧһ㡣
ҪģԴĻȻʵͷųɲСĻҡ
΢΢ĸӦһ£ֶӰĸĽȻǺǶڷѳӰʵżߣ
벻СӾȱ£΢΢һЦ˵
ңһнѿǣҲ⣬ٴε֮УȻʧ
ֻҪ֮УԷȻ޷׵ĹעңǷоЩ쳣ֻ֪ǿ϶ˡ
Ϊκ֮ˣ඼һĿ̽˵ǱܵĸоֱܸоҲǱʶĶΣյĸܡ
ֱܣԽԽ࣬Խǿ
ңҲֻǿĸܵһ㣬ƺоһֱһ޶ƺҲû⣬ңֻ󷨼֮ĶѣҲٶ롣
СģãһƬ޴֮С
˵ʵϣҲһŢ̶
̶֮ϣǻ̵Ӳ٣ܣһЩͺСǺ͵Ϊߵޣ桢ͷ֮Ķ
ңһԪ϶ʱһػսףȻֻһƷػЧȷʵܲ
սףңȫ˽ȥûһ˿ķ϶
ְҲͬ͸ģӰңӾ
һ̣һӰʱû̶֮С


483 Ѫأ1
ǣһֱעŵףȴһ
˵֮ǰȷǰ֮ңĻô˿̣׾Բа㻳ˣΪңϵǼսףǵ˽̵Ƶġ
սףƳΪƷģΪ׵ʱʵ㣬ֻǽƳΪһƷĶʱΪˣź
սףҲΪ㣬ʱ͸ңʹá

׿Ӱû̶һƲĵһӰԻˡ
ȻƬ֮󣬼ȷʵûжңӰٴεТû̶֮С
һΣûκε쳣ͺû̶֮һ
Сӣǽ˼ȷʵѵãǿ֮ģ
ײɵ˵ͷ۵
һ̣׵ɫʱЩ粻ΪӦٵĳϡڵĸֳˣлЩڵǿߡ
ЩˣǱѪġѸٵж˳ռ䣬ĸӦ
˵˴󷨣ֻǻ˱Ѫˣأ쳣ȴĪĻԵΣҪģǽɱȻܿʼԻԵ
ʦ˵ǣˣҲ֪ʲôʵͣһǼϸ˵
ƺвŮײɴ˸
Сʦܣ˵ˣ˲ʵƺʵֹĿǰʹõģڵΪôǺ˵
һʱһƭš
Ƭ̣ǼϸߣĻţ˵ֻǸɱˣ϶Ϊûдģ
ϸҲЦ
󵨣еģһ׳ȵ
ڤɣҺΣߣˣҵһĸ֣˵Ҳﻰѣˣ
ǼϸǱ䡣
ۣҲԼ뵱Ȼˣ֪Ƿѣߣʲô£зִ磡һŮм֮Уƺ
ǼϸٺһЦΣؽҲ֪һ֪﷢һУҲ˵ˣдѶģһˣѪ壬ɣ
ߣ
ͬʱһԵòм
ϸֵӦ٣Լʵ٣˵ǱԼνЩҹؽνģӦٵĻߣǱſɣʱǲҹؽԣ
⻰Ȼνġ
˿̣˵Ļ׶ʱҲһЩ顣
һЩˣڲλӲᣬΪǼˣĸۣ֮ģǹ֮󣬷Ϊʵһ¿Ȼı׼͸˽ˣЩ˾ȻʵﲻɼȻľڣȴջôԪӤ翪ʼ
ЩˣȴҲһǴǶ֮ţĳһ򣬱֮һ֮˻ҪĶࡣ
ͬȻǹƽںλ棬Եú
ˣǼϸνֻǶ㵽ǽ٣ΪֻҪ̤ɭ֮УôԵĽҪң룡
Ҫ϶УڰȻ顣
һƺƵǴ֮׵ˣʱȺ֮У֮ˣ㲻ˡ
ɭ֮е̶֮׷׵ȥ
̶֮У̶Ǭ
ͨһطͨΪͨڲһ޴󷨿ռ䣬ռ֮Уһ
Щ˽Ȼ˽⴫֮ײף֪֮Ϊԭ
䣬Ĵͣǻжġ
һ㣬ףⲻˡ
һܴˣǲ©ƺΪ֮
һˣƺܵģߵһһˣż˳
ʱײע⵽вŮˣǸʮˣңˣƺǲ񻰣
ȣӦ֪һˣ
ˣƺŮζģʵ̫ڿˣòʵǲڷȶˣ
ЩëˣԸܵԶԶģԽٽӴԽá
˿̣׹һ˶ʱʧˣУֻʣһˡ
ȴûмߣվԭأԶһۣԳˡ
΢΢һ漴ûж
Ƭ̺ˣȻһӰӲԶ֣Ȼӵߡ
ؽӣƺһ㶼Ծ
ǺǣؽѾ֪µˡ
ӴǸЦЦѪƺǰǿ
ֶΣЩɵ
˲ȽڵΪʵҲ̫ǿ죬ȻһݶԸˡ
ƺԴֺõЦݣؽеҲûвм֮ɫֻǵ˵ºͼλʦۣȻƺҺǶһ㹻ʱһұɱ٣ʵǺư
οЦҲ֪֮ˣ޽ѵġ
ǣˣ٣ν٣Ҳ֮ǣҪ˽ᣡ
һΣʧʶʧжܳܵ
ֻؼΣеƣʧκͱ棿
ȻΪһ伶ҲȽٺڣʵҲ̫ǿȻҪΪԼ㡣
һ㣬ϣؽСֵܲҪ⡣
ѪǳϿҵ˵
ؽ΢΢˵ͷµӣȻΪ㿼ǣһҴԷҲδػɵ
ѪЦȻͬϾ򣬴ֻǾѵɼ֮ˣһ۵ĵλǷͬСɣ
Σû˻Աһʶʧȡǵһġ
ǶԷɱңֻɱأؽ۾һУ΢΢Ц
ѪЦҲû취ˣˣϣؽֵܰһæˡ
ؽЦȻ˳ģȻԹۡ
ˣлˡ
һЦжթȴԶ
аѪֶֻΣһֻǹؽΣҲˡ
һؽûµĻѪȻҲ¡
аίߣ໥ɵȴ˵˹ûʣвһӡ
ûкңΪѲźãһΪѵĻߺߣǿߣƨ
Լۣ֮
뷨㲻ԡ
ˣҲ̤֮ͬС
ʱ׵֪ʧҲĸ˽
󷨵ķΧ̫ҲһСС
׽󷨷Χ֮󣬱һ䣬˹ؽ޲
Ƭ̣׹һױһĻԭ֮ء
ĻߣԵôݲ󷨿ռ䡣
ҲνıѪأ
طʵϣǿһսѪ֮ܳΪһҲΪȡƬλռԭ
ĵطĲ࣬ҩ֮Ķνǲ١
ǱѪʵռ֮УҲҴΪʵΣķء
ˣǿֶΣǿĻһĺĵõԵҲǱѪȡֶΡ
ϾЩˣҲһջôضģЩȻὫһЩ˫ַϡ
һ㣬ѪƵĺãҹ
ڽ֮󣬱ѾǸʲôڣΪͬĹһĵطһƬսż
ΣķΪˣҲ޷֤ԼİȫԣֻʽϾĲԶ׼ġ
ԣֻҪѰһȫĵطúػ󷨣Ȼչؿ޼ɡ
ʱ䵽ˣֱӳȥν
ѪԲѵĶԹؽ˵ؽٺһЦ۵㣬ʮֵͬ


484 Ѫأ2
طȻͬһ㣡
׸һѪأʱ΢΢һɫҲмء
֮ǰ˵ĶԻ׿νһ˶ط׵˽⣬ҲǴǱѪе֪
ǴӶԷطӦ翪ʼʱһƬս棬Ȼ
һȥ˵ʵȻǿ֪ġ
һ˵Ĺսһλռ䣬ͺñǶĽƻֿռһ㣬ɴ˿ΣգǺܸߵġ
˵Ļвɶ˱֮ģˣսթƤ֮
˵òȻ֮£ȤȻʵ
ڽ˹Ȼһػռ䣬Ҷ֮ױҲ۲ˣ΢΢Ӧųеһλ˹ȥ
֮УǴ֮лֵĲְȫطȻޱա
գȻԸʱڡ
һ׸ݿռϢȻܿıңȥķ
Ϊң˲Уǵңط׵Īգٶȼӿ˼֡
˿̣Ҳǿ֮һֶΣյıܸӦ·
ʵҲǿȻ⣬ϾҲ˵й񼶵ĸȥ
ԼĪƬʱ䣬ױ㷢֮ǰһˡ
ˣ˿ңȥķǰţ˻Ϊһ壬˷Σգ˺ܸߵľԣƺΣգҲġ
ңСĵɭ֮дţ֮£һһ㣬ңû뵽ġ
ԭΪ̶£ضʲôʮֵǺϣȴ̶֮ȴһС͵Ĵ
ȴңЩɵˣԭǴĴͣԲСһضѪ׷ɱ
һ㣬ӹɵġ
ң뵽֮ǰǧ࣬˿̱ûдˣȻ˴֮󣬱ʮΣյĵط
ΣնѹֵϢ޴ڣ֮ϢĸооѹεĵʮֵĲ
ң뾯ܵͬʱҲĸӦԶüͷ΢΢
Щˣʵ̫˰ɣ
ң뵽Ȼ˿ܣӰ΢΢ȻȻһž޴ϡ
ïʢ֦ҶңӰȫĸš
ͬʱңʹӰһӰʹվ²ԶĵطȻȻǰȥ
һֻҪ⣬Ȼᱻ˦
ңӦķʵϷ˿̣ӰǰķȴǶϷ
ֻСȵĸıһߵķѣǸıķ̫󣬷˲ɡ

һŮһһſž޴ϵԱߵʱÿˣʮֵĽΪԽǹϵȻԽΣա
ܶѾгɣΪ֮ޡ
һŮֻǳտ˿еһλȥ
һλңӰǰķ
˿ң벢ûżЩ뿪뿪΢֮ȻٴεķֳһӰȻʹ䳯Ϸߡ
򣬱ȷ·ߣң뿴˿Ǽȥķһ˿ŵı顣
ȻƬ̣һϱٵĸ˻ɫҴҶɱ
һȺ˳ܿ˿һŮ֮ǿܻûǣҵעˣǰеķӦϷӦò
ֻϷû֮Ϣ
ŮӵĻȻõ˵ͬǣһѸٵ뿪ǰϷ׷ȥ
ң˿ȴԥûΪӰٴε̤ϷȥĲ
ССֶΣȻʵ֮ʵ֮Ӧá
ֶΣһЩ黫֮ˣȻޱȡ
ԼһߣһĻ֮󣬶ң룬Ķ˼ֿãжۣҲ˼֡
Щ뷨ֶΣϵԿңѾܲһˣ٣Էǵ˵Ļô׵ЩѲˡ
Ḷ́ױ㲻ٵʲôˣȻҪ֣ȻҲĶ֣ϾʵȻǿǶǾ֮ˣ־ȶʮֵĳ죬Ƶϼ޻
׸ң룬ɽԽһӣһĮһƽԭ
˵ƽԭʵҲЩˣһƬ鲼Ĳë֮أݲµճԺǿܼӲֳѪɫ
ֻ׵ɨһۣ㷢֣ƽԭأǺиƷʵľԪأɰʵǿƷķˣ
ƺң벻ʶûעһֱۣӵĳŲԶһ΢͵ȥ
ʱײ΢Ϊ֮ǰһֱûңѰʲôǴ˿̣ױЩˡ
ΪڿǸ΢͵ʱɴ˶ķ֣ģǺȻ͵һ£
ţıֻʮ˵ˣ
аңԲ֪ıΪ֪ĻͲΪˡ
Ǵ˿ˣ˵֮ʵС
׸մǰȻ䣬Ȼһ˿˿ε
֮ǰȥˣǽһֲ֪󷨣ȻֶΣǽԭңҵˡ
ǰ
֮УŮӺȻǳ
ңʱ󾪣ɫһһ˿ɱ⡣
ߣˣҶְգңЦ
˵Ѿʲôأһң뷢֣һںţȻ׷ǰΧ
ʱ򣬺Ȼ䣬ԭƽ꣬ǺȻ䱬ը
䡪
Ѫɫɣջ촷ۣһ棬˲ִ֮˱ʣǴľһ£ɫЩ粻
ʱѪɫ֮У͵һֻѪɫ̶ͬС㡣


485 ѡ֮1
ݡ
㶸ȻٶȿĲ˼飡
΢΢һ㶣˲ƲʱһھѪȻȻѪ֮ܡ
ˣһһ׳һһꡣ
˻ûʲôදûüֿȻоʲôƿһ㡣
ۡ
΢΢һȻһ̣ǶȻ仯Ѫ졣
ԭ׼ңˣ˿̺Ȼ仯Ѫɫ㣬̶Сģòֲ
ЩѪɫ㣬ڽɲǣǶȻٴηɢ˿
ڰĶͷ亹ɭɭʲô
ֱģٶȼֱǿֲ֮һ壬ʳѪȵȣͬ壬˲ĨɱȻܻĺ㡣
һѭȥĻɼֲ֮
ٴο˿Ѫɫأײɫ䣡
ʲôأʲôѪɫɰʲôԪغܸߵĿʯĶЩɫĶ
иЩһֱշУûմأһֱҲϢá
ˣûܵ
˿̣ѾǰǰˣĻֶΣѪɫĹ磬Եĵǹ룬ҲԵģǲ»յģ
˿Ա߲Զ峺Ĵźɫ쳣ζĺˮ׶ʱ
˿̣ңȻҲǿֲһĻʱɫʱҰף
ôҲЩֶΣϾ֮ǰ֮УҲ˼ƲѾ룡
ңȻ΢Ƭ̣ΣĹͷȻޱ˲һѪӰֱӻûĵ䱾˲
֮õ壬Ǳܵĳźӱߵĵطܡ
طҲǳܣЩɫĹȻû׷һ㣬˵ˡ
һ̣ս׺Ȼ͵ķ˴ĿĻǣͬʱսסꡪһˡ
ã
ң뼸˲ɫǲҰ֮ͬʱ͵һھѪ嶸ȻһɻԪս֮ϽĶϡ
ʱңѾ˺ˮϿգʱЩɫĹƺĳֿµĵطһһҧң벹ȱڴԪ֮󣬶ʱһɻȥ֮󣬱Ȼʧˡ
ȷʵôʧˡ
ңôվգˣͬɫҰ֮վںˮϿղԶǵɫʮֵѿ
˿̣ﻹʲôս׷ЩɵĶܡ
ǿµĺɫĺˮʱŮɫȻһ䣬ͬʱ͵ķǱܵĳŶɭ֮зȥ
Ůߵһ׳һ꣬ʱŵĻɢûŪʲôԭ򣬱ʱֱӷܡ
ʱˮкȻһ׹⣬һţ֮еһ׳ĲҺһ㱻ǰ׹˿Уˮʧ
ңһɫѾЩˡ
ˮľеԶѪɫЩĻ۽Ǳɣ
վںӱߵϿգңûиҶһ£Ϣ䡣
ΪѪһǵѪֻǶһЩ֮Ķʮֵ˲ٺѾң벻Զĺӱߣ
һ׹⣬˸֮䣬ֽһܵ˲Ĩɱ֮С
׿ľ⣬ǰ׹⣬ɼˮƽˡ
ٶȣٶȶײҿ϶ϵսףܲܳǺֲһ˺ҧ֮
ӵģҲ޷Ʋǰ׹ļٶжǿ
һȻֶ飬ϾŷɽԽ룬Ѿķ˲ٵ
񣬿ŷɽ֪Լٶʮֵı̬
ңƺԼ֮ʮָǺ⣬ǰ׹⣬Ƕûз֣
ԣҲԼģ
⣬ӦһޣıѣС̶ֻСˣǿҾзﵽ֮󣬶ԱΪϵķѳµĸ壬ʵǱ̬
һ棬ǰɫĹâӦˡ
ߣͬļϾǿ̵ģߵٶȸѸͣ涾ޱȣѸٽ֮γɵķ룬˷ʤ
ˣеˣǲ
ޣǺ֣ȴǲ룬˿̾ǳȱѪأ
״˿̸ˡ
ɵȻ²⵽޵Ĵڣֻػʲôˡ
ػģȻ汦
ңûж׹ҲûйҲûзƺš
Ȼ䣬΢Ӧƺ߳ڵķƳһһ㣡
оУ׶ûа취Իǻʵԡ
΢΢һʱ֪ѾԼ֮ûжرǼɵԼʵ
Щޣ̣ʵȻҲǼǿȻΣյĸ֪ҲǼǿ
λ̨ŵù£±뿪
׺Ȼ¶ңʱ΢΢һֳ˲˼ɫ
ܿı
΢΢ǿ޼ɵԭ˼֣λ̨֮Ϊʲôõ°æģϣֱԡ
ȻĪİңоͻأǺֵģһۼǰ³꣬ңһĪεĸо
оУңûôɵ
ε飬Ǻ뷨ң붼ŬĲϱֳ
ңҪǣӻǻƣֻǶԷȻҲɥ
ǺǣСֵҹصġ
΢΢Ц˵ϡ
ңûԥǴ˹Ҳû¶ķ֮ɫ
ݵǣױкøС
ϾյĻʱ򣬻򶨵ġ


486 ѡ֮2
ã
׽󱳶ң˵ĸоԷ˭ΪκȻң֮ǰԼĸûж֮ˣҲǴ˰ɣ
׽ºȻһɽӰȻƷβ̫ߣΪƷѾ㹻ˡ
ɽһʹߺǺɫĹɵ
˿̣ɽϵɫǳɫâǴˣһƷʺǲ
ǿ߲ʹõķɽԵķɽ
ңʱ֪Σоˣ£̬Ҳİ
ûң֮еģǰλֳֺͰ׹˾ֱӺ޽̸
ߣޣȾǳطʵ˾Ȱ
׶ߣȻ俪˵
ߺѪɫѶûлشֻȻ
ЦһµķɽȻɳһââȻ֮С
ǡ
ȻضȻ޴ıըʹľܻΪķɽȻķ¡
ķɽˮУƻǿˮ˲ˣ
ĽƣԷɽʹֻԽâʹ
Цǵݺһ˵ı£ҲʮˣݵװǻΪ
һУ֮һһԪɽӰݶҪɱǣֱѴ֮
ڶȻǰӰߺѪɫ⣬ʱһ漴ܻΪˡ
һһɫۼ׵ۣһһɫĵۡ
ģма죬Ǳ鶼żֹ⡣
λǰСвѵĿԡ
ɫۼ׵ӿЦŹ͵
ɫ۵аӣҲЩεĵǰСȷʵЩ֮ϣǰҪ֣뿪ȻֻǺĲ
ţɫһ
ϢŭСвʵ
Ŀռ䣬ϴ֮أˣп֮󣬱ϴع硣
ȻֻڻԵѡٶЧģֻ·һȻֻҪԷԽǵ޵꣬ƽ¡
΢΢𾪣ȴֳ
ôһеǺýͣϾ֮󣬾Ҳһ⣡
磬ڴ֮Ķ챾Դʥǿıֻ̬ҪתͨһݣһӰʱԼǬٶٿ죬ҲӲǬӡ
֮󣬱һԪĨɱ׷Ϊ촷ۣ
ⷨʵǺޱȣֱ̬֮
ԭǴ㽫˷̰£ⷨĻôȡãѵǰ˶޷ȡô
һⷨֻһˣ
ң˷ػǾ˵ģȻ˵ĻôһЩ޷סǷȻԶȻ˲佫Ĩɱ
뵽һ㣬ײ亹ܡ
ȻԼ̫̰һ㣬ǲ֪ҪȥһЩķ
ʵЩգ֮Կ϶ⷨ˲ʸʹãҲΪ޳ĽǶȥǵġ
˿̣޺Ȱ΢΢ˣȷʵЩðˡ
˴ΣλСֵܣȷʵΪ㣬֪зֻǲϴ֮أȷʵЩǸҵ뿪
֮ǰ飬λݡ
ߺһۣƺЩâƺղľʲôһ
΢΢ͷѲؽ黳Ȼ룬Ҳûдﵽ㣬Ȼηȥ
Ҳ¿ңһۣңȻЩᣬҲ֪˵ˣµ˵ͷ
׻عͷ㲻˵һ̣˱㶸Ȼһâ˲ʧ
ٶȣԷԪģԪ֮ȼڲ־ѪٿٶﵽģȻ֮
ٶȣ֮˲ƣ٣ֱʮ־˵ġ
˲ʧҲ㶣漴ҲΪε̾ϢһٴεĻ˱׹ߺͺѣͬʱҲʧڿռ֮С
֮Ѹٵ룬Ǳԭ򣬶ΪǵֻǻȻֶûԼһǿҲѡ
ޣ츳ǿܿ϶Լܵжԣ
ޣػޣô޶޷ȡǴޣȻҲȡ
ֻػޣôȻӱ̬
ԣοǣ׶֪ԼߣһǸϽߣȻһ㣬ɾ߲ˡ
׾Բǹ˼££ֻǹ˺ӿʼʹڣ
ңԼĲ²⵽ֻ޵ʵֻǻӦߵʵγƽ⣡
ֻνϴ飬ǹƽ
Ҳ˵һεĴߣƽʵǿлɳˣҲǾ׵ʵ
ҲеĹâԭ
Щ˲ˣˣ˲Ϊǵѡ
ãҲҪܲС
ϴ״˿̶ȻǲȥνϴģǱѡٵĻϴ񣬲ǻĲͷˣ
׷УҲȻɢһεĽ⣬ܵɽң룬ٿ״˿̵ıӰɸоһϤ
Ȼң뵽ԼϲƵսףһϢٶ׵ıӰ˿мȷ
˼£ң뼸ţΪǸˣʵôˡͣ
ǣңȻʵǰ֪
΢΢һ϶ԷĻҽ棬ϲ˳ƺΪħǺǣ֪Сֵ˭
ң۾һʱ֪ԼĲ²û˹Ȼǽħס
΢΢˷ܵ˵ԭķѣʧʧң룬ǵѲʵ΢ԸЧԱѾ֮
΢΢һЦ˵ͷ
˿̣˺ܿ˴ǰ֮ȴغţƺڵȴңĹ


487 ң
˵Ҳûг׵֮⣬Ͼ֮ǰе˻̸Э顣
״ң룬⿴˲֮кǾɱ⡣
ţҲټɵˣֱӵĽ봫֮У֮еİ׹һʱ׶˱ʧ˴֮С
ʱһֱ׼ңıѪ欵Ӿд󺧣ͷϴ˿Ѿ亹ɭɭ
λŮӣȻЩɻȴͬı־Ŀһ¡
ˣЩ˲żɵûж֡
ǷѾõ˷
һŮ˼ʵ
欵ȴһ϶ûУ
Ѫ΢˼ԸǲǱҪʱ򣬲ҪԽǺˮӣ֥˵ʵȻȷʵ˵ãҲȻûȡô
ԷʵԱǿ˲٣ӻΪ
ȻԷǣûжǶ֣Ǹ֪ˣ
Ȼȥȥ֥֮ҰúüλʦֵܵȻӲٵѰǵ䣡
ǣ
֥˵
Ѫ΢΢ͷֱһӣ˳ڴ֮УȻͬ׹˸Ѫ˶ʱҲʧ⴫֮С

׶˳˴֮У׵Ĵ£Щѩ֮ĵطֱ̫ˣһ󣬶ʱ˱˱ѪķΧ
˿̣ѪѲӵˣǶ׶Ŀбӣƺûзûٶݣûз
΢΢⣬ڱѪˣлм͵ġ
ˣ֪ˣı˳á
죬ңյѣȻʮֵͶԵжٻǺܸ˵ġ
ˣҲٴɱ䣬ңԷҲѾ֪Ѷˣûʲôġ
Ҳ֪ԷȻҳΪǱѪصĳߣǼ򵥵ĳУҲһԵˡ
ҲΪһ㣬ײŶģһĴִ¼֮еˣðȻɱֻǻ´
Ȼνײ⣬ΪЩʹԭ綼ѻĴ١

˱Ѫ巶Χңʵ˷ܲѣ֮󣬱ֻòã磬֮ȴΪҡ
ûˣѣκһܽĵˣʵʮֹ¶
ңϵĴֱƺ˵֮УҪʱָоȷʵǲ
񣬼ףȻ֪ΪҪݣңȻʮֵĸˡ
ԭΪңײźңӵܹϵãܵ׵ħݵңͬҲǸдȻ¶ʹǰǣнɾ͡
ȻЩ׵ʵΪңѾ֪ױѾﵽ˼ֲľ磬Ļ񣬷ʵԪӤأ
Ȼɻ󣬵ң벢ûʣΪ۹⣬ѾףӦ׵ܣһǱȽҪܡ
ңѣҲԵ֣ȻĹ鸽ұЩҪ㡣΢΢Ц
ʾңҲ˵
׵˵ͷ˿·ɽ룬΢΢
ٶȼӿ죬ңֱӵһɽ֮Уûʱ䲼󣬱̵Ѹٵİڳһ׸ӵ󷨣ʮּӣ޺
Ȼ󷨴濴ʵ֮ˣȻҲǿ
˽֮׻һް˿
Ҳ֪Լ̫ڵˣֻûµļˣ
˵ǼӣֻҲϣϡ
ݱأɱε˿ȻҲرע⡣
ϾӦһˣһ
ΪʹݣΪ֮ˣ
ϣ㣬֪׵ǲȻʲô
ĻȻȫ֮żò̫ԪʵҲʮְȫġ
֮ԴСģǾ̫֮ǿԵʡ
ռ䷶Χ֮׵΢΢Ц룬Ȼģľ磬ʵΪѵã
ң벢û¶֮ǰּ黫̬֮ʮָпϵĵ״磬뽭һȪ֮·ϡ
飬ձС룬޷
ΪĻңЦһ֮㾳ǿ󣬱Ϊڽλ磬Ѿﵽ˴ڣʱ򣬺Ϊ֮£ȴǲٺȻ٣ռ飬һж˲ڻ硭
ҴڵΪ֮󣬾ֻзڵΪʵǴҵ֮⣡
ңΪ̾
ȻԲ¶ͬĿЦ룬㻹ˣûزȻҪݰ˷Ѳپˣ
ǽϵλ硢ɽ硢磬ԭǲƵλ棬淨ȵȣԲʮֻҵģ
ȻΪλԳһ壬ڲλ棬Щʮָǿ󣬵Ϊǲλ棬ɽ֮ϣ翪ʼȫҵġ
ˣڲλ棬Ϊﵽµ۷壬˲λ棬λĻΪҲֻܴﵽ˾磬һǲľ硣
ң𾪣漴򣬵ѹ֣ѹˣ£ﷴƽˣٺ١
ңֱԣһů֮⣬֮ůоɡ
ֻǣΪ״Ϊˣң̲ס˳
Ϊǰ֮ǰĽͣô׵ΪҲֻô߰ΪߵҲֻʵܽ룬ɼʵȴȻǽɼ
׳˵ףʵﵽ˶״̬ҲǴڵĺ۷ѣͳΪǿߵ׶ԣȻǲܵġ
Ҳңɻĵط
ײֻǼ򵥵˵ɱѰ˵˵飬̸֮ʵʵػ顣


488 
ʱңֱǾ°Ͷͬһ顣
ٵ˶֪һ£ǾǴٳ֣Ӧٵ壬µֻء
׾Ȼȫ߸һ㣬ңڸпͬʱҲ뵽п
ȻֻԼ˵˼䣬ңҲףԭǲ򵥡
ѰѺ޶飬ңһӦʣʵѰ磬ûκ⡣
ң˺룬ó˿Ԫ񣬽ңԪܾҲܺκεطϵ
ǵãκʱвɴҡڵϵԻ˵ֻͬ˼һ㣬Ҫ˵ĻȻԪ֮У֪
ϵҲˣ֪
ңϲ벻״ֶιȻˣǴ֮о춯֮ܣ
仰ȷʵңƨ̾
Ȼң񲢷׵ӣңңĹϵȻʮֵģҪȻҲˡ
΢΢ͷΪӣұ㽻һס׹Ȼ֮ȴҲʮǿԵ
⽣֮һԵԣޣҲؾɥ
ңԣʲôɥ
Ȼ֪νĴʲô֮Ƕ׵Σңû˿
ΪѾǿӰӣ׸ֻ˻ʵǽǱѪ֮˶ĲУɴ˿ɼһѣ׵ʵǶôı̬
ң׵۹⣬ޱȣɴ˿ɼ⹦ֻǶĹˣ
ңѾʮֵ⣬ºǼĵ⣬ʵʮֵ⣬ﻹɥأֻ״ѵϱҪ뿪ô
΢΢Ҳ˵ѰһԵͻƼɣѰңǻŻǰɽѰһʵֱָǰ硣
Żʮװɡ
ʱҵֵۣǹ󣬶ˡ
ң֪־ᶨᶨ㲻ı䣬Ψף
ֽŵ˷뿪һЩ鵤ҩΪҲôΪ׼峿ʮţһ𷨱Ӱһף£
ѣЩܱݺ۳ңҰ¡
ǵдвУʱֻ͸©缴ɱ
ңĿ֮¶Ȼ֮ɫȻΪ׵Ļ𾪡
Ѿ㵽ңպֻȷʵѣˣգ׼ţԼѾﵽۺĽӽԲľ磬һ£֮£޵֣
Ҳһƴ˵ǿš
״磬㣬棬Сѧ֮
СҲ֪һ;Ψרķɴˣֻ綯ңСϣһ԰һ߽ϣδⲻǺ֮
СҲˡ
ԣ΢΢һЦˣʵ̫򵥣Ա֮һ㣬ֻЩȻҲ֮򲻵ѣ⴫ˡ
ңϲݺݵĵ˵ͷ
΢΢ʱܻԪ񣬽ȡ˽֮С
ʱףףŭһɵº͵ӯڿռ֮С
Գ˱壬ֱӼӳһɱķ󣬾ż֮˲
һ̵Ķң°ͣˡ
۾ɵĹԲףһ̣еľ̶ȣνǼģ
ʵңȻûиܹûмŷḻȻܸӦ
ͬһ䣬ͬһ㶼ͬһ£һĻɬ
ָоȻȽϵº嵭ң֪״˿̵ʵֻһĿ⣬ԷǣΪ촷ۣԶʧˡ
вһżֵľ⡣
ʵľ޴࣬ңģ˳
΢΢һЦ֮ǰʵ⣬Ϊı㵽ͷ󷨣ȻϢ©
ң뱾ǽޣǽıԴڣң֣
΢΢һЦޱصѹգʹռů紺
Ǻǣʵ٣ǶȻң룬Ȼѵܣô
ң׵Ļʱѹžȥ񷴶һ˿󣬵ȴҲСĳ
ңħȥ̬ڷҲмᶨ˵ǰΣ㵽ʲô磬ʼңĴ磡磬С޶ˣ
΢΢ͷ
ңķӦ˵ͬżǱһǻۣѰ˵æʮֵķġ
гһʯʱİ׹ⶸȻעУ˲䣬ʯγһż侧ʯ
侧ʯܼ࣬¼һЩġ
ʯУǼνġɵ͡ɵ׷
ġɵ͡ɵȻѾԶǵġɵ롶ɵԱġ
ȽԺ֮Уұӡ֤һ£Ϊʾ
ҪʵѧַַкܴศɵĹЧұҪʱ˲ϣҲԼƵҩΪԼ༸ֱϡ
һȫңϵ˵
΢΢ͷ

˫ۣңĿȵĶ׵Ķ
ңûƹʲô˴˿ʮֵļ嶼ҲӿһԵĺ֮ɫ
ף鶯˫ĺЩҩݣȻ޳Ŀռָģ˿ǹУʱһУʱЩҩıȫĳ֮С
ʳָָ⽥Ľ˸׿Ҳȴһָͬһ㣬ʳָʱյ׺ٶȺͶһ־ءɵĸо
Ƭ̣ʮĽ⣬ΧһԲΣռһŤɫԲζʱʼ˸Ȼ˸֮УЩҩģ𽥵ĽɫĹȦ֮С


489 ػ֮䣨1
ţɿֽһ֮γһյĻΣȻǴһ㣬ٵĴмһ棬һɫĻ棬Ȼ򵥵Ļ֮˳
ɫĻһԵվ΢΢ζˡ͡
ңģ˿Ҳ΢΢𾪣⾹Ȼֻ˿̿ͷŵ
ңʱףⶨȻ׽ΪƽҪͲ٣ƵҩΪıеᡣ
ֻѹΪȫõΣ뵽ңвٴκȻ
Ȼϰܸ𾪣һ̣ңȻʮֵľȡ
ȻȣңȻȫĵĶ׵ĶϾ͹ۿĻᣬǰδеģҲǼ˵ѵõġ

ңĿĶ׵ĶǰĪĶȷƵĶϣʵʵжڹһ㣬Ŀ
к嫣ҲлȻĿһµĸо
΢ЦٵĶţȴͬʯһ㣬һ
ңȴͬħһ㣬׽ɫһķɢ˿ȻֳΣͬˮһһŵ𣬶ʱѭʮΧɵԲתȻҲ˲ںϳһֻǴ˿̽⣬ѾɫĹȦ
֮УԭҶĪҩģʱٵڻ˿γɫҺ塣
Ƭ̣ϵķţ˹ȴ˿޷ͻССɫȦ
ɫ𣬾һ㣬һһ˵ĸЩӶһһεĽǵѹȵɫҺ֮С
ϵڣϵɫѹȣľϵķ
ң뿴׵ȻƵĶ򣬶ǷӵӡϤĺ͵ɵ־ϡ
ңȻоͷ΢𾪣Ĺ̺ĵͰ壬ӣⵤֻǸĪ֮
ǿֲٶȣ˫ŶůϢ˫֮пٵĴͬλһٶĲӰңȻͷ𺳡
֮˱ѧҲѧġ
ңҲף٣Ӧ֮ҪǹΪ֮ϾʾԵĽѧ
ȻңǺεˣȻǿеĽС
׵ٶԽԽ죬ҲԽԽǿɫһĵ״̬֮󣬺Ȼȫͷ˳ڡȫ
ԭǺɫҺ壬һ˲ɺ˻ƺɫɫϯ֮ĺɫʱ㱻ų˳
˲Ḷ́һҵսһ㣬ǿʵֱСʵһٻʵһѪ˵ã
ԭΪͲεʼαܵͣ͵֮Ͱɼһߡ
ң뿴ѪʣҲͬͬһݿս̣ȱƽȻۼȫѸײڶ֮ƣһٽԷݺݻ
ңЩƺһ㣬Ҳ׵һսľˡ
͡
ǻƺɫٴαɫ֮󣬶ʱһϸĺɫҺӻ֮ȻܵʱҺ֮оۼٶ֮죬ֱǷ˼ġ
ңºȻԭҪҩ֮еľѹեгȡؼĴϣѶ֮£ѹһ˺ľȴɵҩ
ңףҲпһ߿ػ֮ѵãһҪ˾ܵĲٿػûзлҲǰ״߼ǰ㶼ˣ֮ĳȡḶ́ȴѰյһ㣬ΪһҺ޷ȡҪ֮˱æȡںϣֲԵ̫ڿ⣬ⷽѶǺܴġ
ң׵Ķӡ֤ŵɵ֣һʱΪ̡
ʱģָܣ𽥵ĺԺ֮мסĻಹһʱ䣬ңȫĳС
ƵһĲͲҪˣΪһģѾˡ
ңУƺ͵Լıֲ࣬ҲһԵܰ
ң壬ΪԼţ£ĵһֱЩεġ
ңǹµһֱûҵ£Щ
˶ң룬׵Ǽչˡ
ֱӽ˻ʼĻĴ
ʱңҲ˹Ϊ
΢΢ЦḶ́ҪĻĴ
νġ𡯣ҲǸǿʢĻ棬ҩЧ裬ʹ˲佫ȫľԪ³ȫԱե֮֮Ļ𣬱ǲ㳲Ļ棬ʹõں£𽥵ơ
ʱ䣬ԵĽ϶̣Ļʱ䣬ȴʮֵ
㵤һϸĻκһʹȫʧܡ
һ㵤¯֮УǿĳɵĹ̡
ɵ֮ǰںڻɵ֮ǰгɵɵĻգʹóɵ֮󣬵ۣɾĹ̡
֮󣬱ҪϵĻһĳȴ޹صʣʱֱȫϣ˽ᵤĹ̡
ᵤ֮󣬵̺ҩݵԺʵҲûĥ𣬱пԼߣ£յԵüҪ
Ϊҩһݵıܣʱ֮Ȼģһյ
˿̣ҪַڵҩֵƬֱ̣ӽȡԤõƿ֮з桭
ĽţȻӦĶȫڹ
ڣңȫ֮裬вɸǼ
Ǻǣͼô֮أ״Ц
ңٺһЦ磬ȸһٳһ˵ɣţˣȻѰͻƵĸСҲ˵ľ¼ҹۿһҲ˵
׵۾һ漴á
ңȥһȴǽӹңĵøϸζ


490 ػ֮䣨2
ңĵ΢΢Щ
״̬νѾػ۷壬ȴ޷ͻƣףԭӦػĳİĽʹ
ױ֮ˣһ㣬㿪ʼʵתһע
µ֮УԼ䣬ʶһƬʵĻ״̬
УңḶ́ɼƺ˵ͶӰ֮һ㡣
ƺûʱ䡢ռ䣬λ֮ĸӦȴͬһʵһʵ
ǸӦǸеĳ̶ȣʵ˾̾
ȻףЧ֮ΪĴĵأ
ߣΪԲҲ˵£κ飬һĽǶڹ͡
ֻ֮֮֮£׵Ѿ͸ˡ
ͺñһ߻һķչܻȻʢ˥棬νĴ޷ı䡣
һߵʵУﵽһĳ̶ȣȻۻܶ෽⣬Щ⣬ȴǵòģôգߣԻᱻϳȻ󽫿ʼһµıȽϹ淶Բߣ
ͬģĸҲˣɵĳѾ㲻ķչôضᱻƷȻµĳ˥棬ͬҲǴ
νѣͬν֮٣ʵҲ㡣
ıǣ֮ѳʱŬĽԼԼѶȳϴ֮ʹ
ԣɱǷⷽԭ
ң˵ôѰҵô
ײžʱΪԽӣѳ̶ȱԽǿ
ĵһĻ֮УȻǿңڣʵϵʵŵػκιĸ򣬶˵ʮֵġ
ʱ򣬳֮еףһĽЩ
һ׶ʱоеĳͿʼɶ
һȫĳ˵ػ֮С
ػ꣬򵥵˵Ǵ֮ꡣ
֮꣬ʲôأְЩأ
£ػ꣬Ǹػķʹ侫ֻҪ䱾Ѿ㹻
ҪķҲǴڵػ꾳˿ԸģǸʱ򣬱Ҫﵽ۵ľ磬ſʼ
ԣػľ磬Ǹ
𽥵Щˡ
صİ壬ֹ֮ķ棿
Ӧ˻ż󣬴֮İ壬ʱӦöӦ˾Ÿ档
ǰ棬ҲԼ򣬵ǲ̫ΪһУڵػ꽣ⷽĸ򣬶Щ棬ڸĲεģڻĶȻԡ
뵽һ㣬ײЩЦ
飬Ҳͷ϶ѡ
˸ķ棬ȥ͵ķ棬ӵѡ
ͺñһϰܵˣܣߵĻȻҲʮֵıŤ
漴׶Ӧңڵػ귽򣬶ʱʼְ
ְֻһָܣּҲʲôļϣֻң뱾˵һ̵ĸļ¼
ʲôãңһ۾ͿףǶ׶ԣȴֲ֪Ƶĸо
ײ⣬ôøĻôһĵø򣬴ţȻҪı̬ˡ
˵һУϴı׼
˼һʼֻȻĸоȴǿôһ㣬޷ǰ
ҲǴ֮ˣ¶Ӧŵػ꽣ǿи
ǣӦŵػľʹ򾳽磬ӳңֵػ׶εľŴ׶εĸ
ػ꽣ĵһ׶Σǵػ壬Ӧһĵػ꾳硣
״˼ģֻǴصıԣҲ˵ıԡ
ֱԣǹ㲩ʵڲã֮У
ֱԣһܸ٣ƺڹذľ裡
ӵػ꽣򵽵Ǵذ֮еۡصİ壬Ҳʵİ壡
ӵػն򵽵Ǵذ֮еĹ壡
ӵػ֮У򵽵Ǵذ֮еعİ壡
ػŭصĿ񱩰壻ػ𣬴صĻ壡
ﵽػĵ߲㣬Ӧػ߼ʱ׺ȻŴ
Ժ֮У˼ҵķͬʱԼףػ꽣󣬴Ǵ졢İ塣
󣬶ӦӦǵػءȵȵϰ壡
뵽һ㣬׻һĵĳֶƺȻˣ
ЩȻǶõģȴû̺ĵ񣬾ˣ
һͨ׶ʱһǳɣֱѸٵĶ˵ػ˼ػżֱﵽػż۷״̬
ػǬѾǵػȵȵˣΪǽϵĻôǬµĵػ귨ķγǬ
ֶΣȻҪǿĸʵ
ˣױҲףνռ壬ӦǽһлΪ򣬻Ϊٿأĵֵֵĵ
ЩеʧȫĳƬ֮С
Ƭ֮УѾûһУֻ׵ĸ
֮УңᣬıսȥеΪǵ뷨ԼһЩȴǶ
ȡ侫ɣֶΣڱܵʹ˳ö֪
һ׵ʵһ㣬ȫĴﵽ˾żػľ硣
ͬģӦĽĵػ֮ҲѾȫԲ
ʱ׵ΪȻĴڽ״ֻ̬ҪԳܣôֱӵĿԽ뽣ĵػ꾳磡
漴׵ɫʱ˱䣬ΪȻˣǾʹˣҪľ磬ҲҪһУ
꾳磬ﵽʱ򣬶ӦΪѾﵽ֮磡
һѶȽ


491 
Щ漴ȻʧЦɰԼǺͿ
Ϊػľ磬˻ֻ࣬ҪܸƵĶ֪üɣҪȫеް
һ˿
Ȼףﵽ˵ػľżĸӦѾѣҲûóȻٽи
ΪǴ˿̵ػѾԲǻ棬ѾףⶫǷǵ´󹦷ȥĥġ
ˣȻһνһΣǿ̶ȣѾԳܵǵľˡ
Ļ˿׹ǿʹǾֶΣҲʮֵľ˵ģ
һ㣬ΪǰɼֵĵһЩҪ׼
ǱĿޣٴԪ֮壬ĬĬĽΪϵĹ̡

ãٴε֮׺һȫ˲٣ϵ־ٴεı徢ӷɢ
׶ݳԪȻ˽֮У漴һԪ
׾ϲķ֣ԪԼģͻۺڵļ
һ㣬ЩΪﵽ֮󣬾ѶȣνǼѵģУ漰İ岩ҪȫںϣڻͨѶȿ֪
ȴ룬ػ꣬ʹԪ𽥵Բ
һ㣬׿νĲˡ
ȻҲףӦ֮ǰĶԭףֻҪİ壬ֻνҲΪʱԶˡ
ݳԪ񣬻ģһɡ
˿̣߲ԶңĿ˷ܵĿס
ңģ˵Ҳ֪ɹˡ
Ϻһһ顢ϵս׶мֱεģܵﻹС
΢΢Цôɹ˰ɣ
ң˷ܵĺݺݵĵ˵ͷ磬ҹȻƳɵҩˣȻֻǼ򵥵ĻԪҩЧǺܲģܶʱĻظ֮˵Ԫ֮
ԣЦը¯˼Σ
ң϶ʱ¶ֺȻ֮ɫ磬㵱ʱûѣңĴΣΣըҲûˡ
ԣЦ֪ˣȴǹⲻѣΪΣ
ң¶Ȼ֮ɫǴŪСܣĿСܵЦ
֪ңȻ׵ģ˵ֵܼѣȻ˵ҲԼȻ˽ѵ
»֮ʱ뵽㱬ըǻٰģ
Ҫֻ֪һ㵤ҩıըķļƷҩʱһģֱըܼΣҲûˣ
飬ҽ㣬δⲻǺ㣡
ң뵱ȻģС㻹ʶõģң֮Сǻӽ
׵ͷ֮ǰڱѪ㣬ıΪҲܻҷĽ䴫ԭ
ÿһ֮󣬶Ҫǵ÷ԼʩչԲĵطͲĵطԲĵطҪһĵطҪ
ַرд
оǣľ뱾йϵ侲ŵ̬ҩǿʢ
һįģƣַ̬ʵⵤҩҲЧ

Щ㶼ǣ
Сףң빪˵
οĵ˵ͷŵͻƣػżǰ˼ʵΧѰˣһʱ޶࣬ٴ֮㡣
ңԣЩ𾪡ʧ;ϲ
΢΢˼ȻȻ̾һã˵֮ΪǰᣬΪҪȡһ;
֮ԽʼĵطҲԼµᣡ
һƷˣǲܶκεķдȡᣬôҲʼ޷ٿǿķ
ȡȴֲͬķ
ַҲѭ򽥽ķ
һǵѪȡֻм򵥵ϵ÷ǧ֮һٷ֮һʵȡ
дԼУģ飬ԴȵѪȡȻ㲻ϵдݶɷӰٷ֮һٷ֮ʮȡ
һַԾѪԪܷӷʵٷ֮ʮٷ֮ٲȡ
ȻһȡɵķʽķַȴЩȡˣá
ַ޷ԱԪ¶ģΪ̫ǿһʹþѪֻԪᱻһգ
ǴǺãʱ򣬶ڱԪʵĿƣΪؼֻ֮ҪԪʮ֮һʵʮ֮һľѪⷨ
Ҳðŷʮ֮һԪķȻֻܷӷʵİٷ֮˵ٷ֮ʮңǱдķʽĿ̫࣡

ңڶ֮ɫο
ңĴϻۣʵΪѵãң뱾ңĴ磬׵Ϊͽġ
ֵܰĹϵͽҲνˡ
˵ķ֮󣬱ͣٶ˵
ңȴǲϵ򣬲ЩļԺ֮Уȫ
ȻǸңʱĶʱ䣬ȻԿżȫļǹ˽գٴμȴûеһεǿңȻҲͼϵһ𺳵ʱĸˡ
˿ʵײ΢һңνĽѣȻ֣ȴǲ֪Ȼ
Ҳ޷㡣
ֻֻκƺҲ޷С
Ҳң룬ˡԼ˼ܽˣ޷㣡
ףԶ϶
ײЩ֮УȥղǾͷ
ֻеʵ޵ߣܸӿٵĽҵɡ
ãСѹŴӶ֮˻ľƺ˲٣
Ҳѹֶ֣Σ׵һֱֻǴڸΪ׽ˣкô֪
ң¶м֮ɫȴûлֵܹϵһоڲС


492 ո1
룬ܼˡңмĵ˵
֪ԷѾ򣬶ûжģҲһʱ֮䲻ܶģҲԥĴ
ҲѾˣڣұȻ֮ͬǰһ㣬ʾһμɡ
˳㣬ƵķҲ㡣
һ㣬㻹һֱɻǾǲõ¯Ͷ¯顣
һ㣬ܼ򵥣ΪȻ¯Ͷ¯źܶĺôֻһЩ֮˲ʹõģ̣ҲֶᵤĸʣǣվЩȡɣҲã
ңһ¯ըǵҪǿٱϣֻһ֮ûʮ޷ˣ
ңкȻ֪ԭл
ңеɻȥ漴Сܽˣ
ֵǡɵźܶʵ͸򣬻ע㣬ȻѾȫ͸˿ȱıӡ֤
Ųһҿˣ
˵գƶʱһȫ
˿̣ױңΪƽңΪ׵ĵҩʯѾΪָ˷ںڣ
˿ֳ̣ʵȴǰڣ㣬ҲΪңʵĶΪ֮

һɫԪתƬ̫ͬһ㣬ת׵֮䡣
ɫĻ棬Ե֮ӿ󣬴ӵΧֳγһɫ档
Ǵﵽ񾳽ʹõľŽ
֮ѡ棬Ϊ˰СһӱȽϺõսףȻӰսȻ죡
֮ԴһףҲΪΪ˰һսƷεսס
Ȼ޳Ӱָ֮ûʲôһЩƷϣһЩġ
ڤССĺôһ飬Ҳشǧ๫׻ʻͬҲֻлôһ飬ͬﵽ˰ٹкݻ٣ųжȣѪ롭
ЩһЩȽѵõĲϣ
ЩϣȫƵĻֹΪƳ鱦Ҳ˵
ͣΪʾһΣõЧֻĪˡ
ǣҲѾ㹻ˡ
̫ǿ޷ʹңӣֻ϶ʺϵķõģ

׽ڤԼһЩȫͶգȻԾѪܻһ޵ĵ¯Ԫ֮ס¯۳Ρ
ȷʵҪ¯ǵ¯ȿƿռĶʢװҺĶȴǱز٣ⵤ¯Ԫ֮ϾѪۣ
һ֣ʹĲϾǾѪ۵ĵ¯֮С
ҪؼΪľżƷ󷨵󷨿ռ䱾ͶΪһ磬Ϊ粢ûӰ죬ټ׿ɱӰЧȫʧˡ
׸أң벢û¶ɻ֮ɫһ㣬˫۷Ź⣬ŷȵ档
Ѫ۶ɵĵһ˲ͨ죬պ˵һ㣬ѾɫԪĹע¿ʼڻˡ
׿Ѿ˸תĻ棬֮ޱȣӰ׳ʣ
ۡ
͡
Ѫ֮пʼðɫɫŨҵζ
ЩĴ£ųʣʼĻԽңԽף
õķԽƷʱԽߣ
ĴݶʮҵľŽ𣬵ȵĴ֮ˣһ
΢΢һЦţң붼Ϊ֮𺳣
˿̣ѾĽ˾Žǿȡ
ѪѾɫһɫȴȻ͸
⿴Һ壬ƺɫҺһ㡣
ЩҺ۳ͣγһѵļӺָѸյ£ģõĶ󷨴˽ȥ

Ŷٴεı˽ȥѪһ֮ĿʼתҲڲټˣɫɫʼǳ
ֻ㣬ٺãҲͽ壬ʵЧһƣһ˵
ʱ򣬱ҪԼĵûǹģ⣬ܻΪעУ㣬ⱾܵսսܣЩܣ֮ǰĹע
ȻԿ󷨣Ȼ
ƵѾҪʾҴ˿̱Ϊ丳һǿ󷨽УһΣգ󷨻˲żػ󣬽㻤У
ʱʲôΣգȻ
żķ󣬱ۣȻ룬ֻҲֻ׸ˣ
˷һΣʱҪĲ٣УҽʮżƷʯʯֶ֧ⷨʮΣ
˵գʱָ˱ʵȻֱӴһ޴ɫ棬ⷨ´һǼٵĽĸӡӡУ
Ѥ֮һ̣һӨ͸ɫսףʱ֮УνľѪҲѾʧ
һӰϣһֻƷĲΣʵϵĵڶ㣬ȴǼƷ
һﵽ˿ż󷨵Ĳεʱ򣬽ȫһƷˣ
ȡսףңУȻԵĽһ£
ң뼤ǳ֪㶫ȻҲЩҲ
һɫսףϣ֮ҿ任
׵Ľ£ң뽫ԾѪ֮󣬴㡣
ΪԣᷢκϢҲע⡣
ע⣬ҲƷʵǲ졣
˳ָңһɫķɽƷֻͬǼƷʵȴͬս൱Чǿ
Уȫܲκ
ңǹٵӰȻӰķɽ͵Ϯľϣ
˷ɽٴεΪһöռָЧͬͬǰΣ
Ҳ˵ңʮε
ҲĺңǴ֮׶ԿԣȻֻѾ㹻ˡ
׷ңȡΪӰʮһһϡ

׿ٴһңδȴǲ֮׷˼֣
вһ漴ƽĿ˿ң롣
˿̣ң뼤֮ҲǸп֪˵ʲôˡ
ֻоǶҲҪΪ׽زϣѶҳ
׼ˣҲ֪ʱл£пܣԲԹۡ
Ե˽ᣬ׽ңһЩ֮ǻӡԪʵȻ󳷳󷨡
һ̣ңȻҲָ˳̬
ٴεվڷɽ֮ϣǰȥ
ӽ̸֮У׵֪ǰԶոΧңĶԭոΧԶȻҲʵΧ֮С
˿˳Ǵȥȴǲ룬Ƭ̺ңŭ˼˷ŭ֮ɫ
ǣʵ̫ˣߣ
ңɫʱʱɢɱ⣬׶оЩľ
΢΢δ˵оңָֻ˹ֻĲףһΣңĺܷŭˡ
룬ôˣüͷ΢΢𣬶ո׿ǵ濴۵ģҲΪ֮ǰ˵ԭ򣬿˳ۡ
ЩˣҵҵĶǵ»ޣղǵ˫֮ģǺȻˣ
ң뱯֮˵
׵ɫʱһ
˫֮ĵĸӦˣ˵Ƕ֮еĵ£ֻǴ˿׶༪ˣ
ܿ϶ոˣɫ΢΢ͳĵɱ֪
ǶΪأƽոĴ̽ȴδ֣ոͼẉ̂гģҲɣǲд
ң뼱ٶ˵
룬侲ȹȥ㣬ոҲ͵ͷˣ
ٶȼ죬ң룬ȴӰ졣
ʱĿһɱȻǰĳλһɨ
ߣң룬Ȼˣô˸ֲɣ
һϵЦ漴һµߵ׵ǰ


493 ո2
ƺƴ磬ɫĳ۽˶ֻ¶һſݻɫƱ鲼
ˣէ֮£Ҳ˼أ
һ֮ˣòҪĻֻķЩԪʹഺղϡ
ֻһɫĳۣĹаȻƣȴ˵ѹΣС
ǰ׵ʵȻǲͷģʵϣͷȴԼʵʮֵţŶһеı飬׵еʱ򣬸Щ⡣
ȻĶսĻ׵ػż״̬ⲻУн㹦Ȼ塣
ǵԼʵ⣬ŰȫԼʵǿֻԪӤڣǻȻ
׻δ룬ңߣҵ˭ո϶ˣ˵֮
ңЦ֮еĺ⣬ʮֱֵӡ
Ҳ˵ֻĿ֮е֮ɫŨĿ⣬˵ĳ㣬ڱף޲ýӸڳɡ
ǣ֪Խ㣬ԽҪע⣬Ϊһòˣضһ֮ˣ
ˣ־ʮּͣȻǵľٶġ
Ĵݳһ˿֮ңԺ֮УװŭȻȻ֣һ֣ȫԸ̽ʲô
ңˣĬĬĻӦһ¡
֪ԭңҲǹġ
ʵϣң֪ͬУҲ֪ڵǰ̫
װ磬ȷʵмʵԣ˷˿ʲô
ʱЦˣȥɡ
˵Ǽֶû˵꣬϶ʱ㶯ˡ

Ȼ䣬Ӱһּµٶȣ˲һĲӰ
ǿҵƿ𣬴ǿԪңϮ
ףԪӤڵΪȻһֱûб߿С
˿̣ңȴͬĶˣ
ڣж֮ǰѾˡ
־벢ңԶңӰٶȣڵİӰսװ˿˲ıϱؾһλϡ
Ȼ͵ĳ
ȻȴԷΪͽЦ
ǲǴ⣬ǿޱȣЩ̬
ԣһĹϴûзУһ㣬ܶ˱С
ֱ֮ǰĴ𾪡־ģɱﵣǻܡ
ֻǣûüӦȻۡһƺ˲䱻ʲô͸
һɼ˵ΣյĸоȻѸٵ裬Ͼ
ĳֱӹᴩ֮֮еϸԪӤû㱻͸Ķˣ
ֻ㣬ǲ壬ǻ˲ԪӤľѪ
ϺĴҺһʱ㷢֣Ѿ˿УʶҲ𽥵ģ
һֿµĺڰȻ併٣Ȼûʶ֮һ˾Եĺڰ
⡭ĸоһʶôˡ
ɲǣ뵽֮ѸٵĸɱȻͬʬһ㣬ѸٵĳΪһѿݹǡ
ңȾѪİӰ˫ֻЩ
Ƿں۷壬֮кڡȽںʹڣ
ϣǶȽٺڵǿߣɴ˿ɼһΣ˲佫ɱν֮
ңɱǿߣȻ⼤
һ̣뵽ĵµ飬ңɫϱ
׶һ֪ӰһΣɽʱɳ
ߣָ·Ҵȥ׺ԥ˵
ңҲָǰĳ͵һݾѪʱɽͬһ㣬Ȼ
Ƭ̼䣬˱ң˵Ķǰ
˿̣ⶴǰѾҲ壬ѾҳΪһƬ档
ĳշ޴ݣҲ˵ˣ棬Ѿ̮ˡ
ѣףҲһ
ⶴ˵зԲƺǱһʮķһը̮ڣɴ˿ɼո֮УνǲԻ
ң뿴ⶴĬĬı˫ۣȻϸĸӦ
ãңɫ粻ĿʱżѪɫ
֥Ǳץˣң
ңļ򣬵侲㣬ûô⣡
ΪԼ϶֣ɼԷһɱ㣬ǴзĿģΪˣֻ֥ǱҲ˵
ңʱ΢΢˼֣ɫȴȻصĵ֥ŵĿԲɷѿģΪһöƬɣ
Ϊʵ벻ʲô˵ķ񣡡
Ƭ
΢΢һ㶣ĪĶⶫƺЩϤеĸо⵽ʲôҲ޷Ʋ⡣
ң˵ͷ̾˿ӷָ֮ȡһöϺɫĶݸ׵磬ⶫҲżȻã֪ʲôʲôã˽佻硣
ԴĲǺа취ƽ⡣
ⶫܾܿһ϶ѣΪоʱûз쳣
ң̾ϢһƺΪ֥ԭû˿
⣬ǵǸүأ
Щпѵĥ£õǸСӣֶΣ鷽棬˵Ŀء
⣬ʵǺο
ӹңݹɫĶײĶ
һԲεĶǻ״ĲƣֳͨɫϸĿںɫ
ⲢͨԲΣ˵ܵĻ״еһԵͬһˮһ㣬¶һ˳
ˣЩбĴŻΡ
ʯͷֻƹĴСͨͬһ㣬Ө͸


494 Ƭ
ǰϸĶ
ƬһԼԲףǲϸԿ
Բ֮Уƺ֣֮ɫɫתƺ̫ͼεģʽתš
ֶʮֵأתת̣ǴŸӵ£ס
׳˼Ƭ̣ջ
ⶫȻͬһ㣡
ⲢⶨµĽۣתʱϸֻƬָֻǰƽ޻ʲôתȴͬþһ㣡
Ƕ־϶϶Ⲣǻþ˲ӡ
ⶫȷʵͬһ㣬£ǼȻҪǰո֥һո׵
׵Ȼ˵֮Уȴ¶ɭȻɱ⡣
ңݺݵĵ˵ͷ֥ѣһ£һΪ֮ᣡ

ոɽţͬһӴ
ػ󷨣Ľ뷨ӳ֣ǽɽػԲޱȣ
طΧȻ㣬ڵܲȴͬһ㣬ܣ
΢΢Щ㵣󷨣ȻѾﵽ弶Ʒĳ̶ȣɴ˿ɼȷʵЩʮĸ֣
Ҫ֪󷨴ﵽ弶Ʒ˵أ֮ĸȴˣ
⻤ڵķǴﵽƷĳ̶ȣȻػƺ޷óãսֻ֣ȴʮǿʹոɽʮֵİȫ
ˣǽԼʮܣˮЦ
ػȻУ
ȥںϵֶΣֱһӰ񽣶ȻŽĽǾ⹥
䡪
Ȼ䣬޴ɽȻҵĲɽʯĳҸգĩһ㣡
ͬʱԭι֮ػ󷨣һ֮£ֱӺȻ߽⣡
ǼػǾⰵӰ񽣵ĹϾƷ֮ΪձĶأҲ΢Ƿ
䡪
ٴεһ㣬һɫĻ֣Ȼըѡ
Ȼ޴ıըУȻһƵƺ֮
ţһѪ
ȣȻƺΪıըǣ񣬵ǶԷȴȻ޴󰭣һ㣬׽
ɷ˵ײٿذӰ񽣣Ȼƺ֮˷ȥ
ɽ׾ѪٿأԽǵ״̬ɽһ˿Եֵģ
ƺΪɽҲǺ·
ۡ
ıɽɽ׵Ĳٿ£͵һʱֻòҺȻѾɱĺ޻֮ˡ
Ȼ֪
Ȼ֪Է˭ֶΣѾʧȥս
ڷɽԷһɲǣ޴ֱɢ˶ԷĵȻӡϸԪӤ
ֶΣʹԭǻҵɽȻ
ˣӦ֮ǰһ֮ȻҪӦ֮ǰһѾ˺һʮҪӰո˵ľˣ
΢΢²⣬漴ʵһ£ʱ򣬲ҲȻʧЦ
һײƿɽŲ˵ֱӵĽո˸ֱӵˣȻ䶤ոĸ¥֮ϣԱߵӦǼλϣ
ЩˣӦҲǸ¥
ﱻŵģҪôոڲˣҪʮ־ӢĵӴ֮оǳϻ֮ĸ֡
ţֻ˵Щ˶һиˡ
漴Ҳˣⷨ˵ãӦõΪոĴз󷨣ҲӦԾѪȡͷų󷨣Կõģ
ЩȻǴУôЩ֮ˣȫ˵ͨˡ
ɢոɽ׵ǰ
ɽˮӯ֮Ļʵһʮ˵õĺõط
ɽʱɢ֮Ȫ֮ĲɶõȻԵ
ˣɽһһѵõơ
ƣԶ
׿ֻЧˣ
˿׵˼һ
Ϊɢʧ󷨿ռҲãֱӵĿ˰ɽľ޴ׯԺ
ׯ԰۴αȵĸ¥̨֮ͤĽһʽһۼ̲֮סм
ˣ涮ܣЦ
˿̣Щ֮УеĿɿڴеĿⱬŭĻ𻨣еļŵĲ
ֻǵɨЩһۣȻ̤˼ȵ֥ںδٽȻ̤ƽո
ǳ⣬̺ϵĽͬһ㣬ݺݵɱ֮У
ۡ
ۡ
ʱһ˾̲סѪɫȻòҰޱȡ
˻Ǿ޴ĸ¥ϣ޷ˣȴǱֶθ׵סˣ
У³û˿ľɫոңڣȴδʲô֥ѣǲ֪֥ںδλŪˣ
λ˵ţĿȴ֮ͬʱüĿ֮УҲżķŭ
Ȼɽػ뷨ƣֶΣʵ޷ɺޣ
ǰʵλȴҲް취ΪԷʵʵ̫
ȴ˺ƭ֮ˡ
Ŀͬһ㣬ɨˣУٵӾǱĿŵͷ̧
׿Ŀ⣬ɨһ欣ģĵĸ˵ʱǸ֮һ˿ңȴƺΪ׵ֶһ㣬ߵĵͷȻȻ˸ۡ
ЦһУһεķɽѾ⸾˵Ĳϡ
ʵΪΪӦ죬ʱ㻯һ⣬ɶݶ


495 
ֻǣûüӳԶһֱӹᴩ壬Ȼ󣬷ɽһֱǰ
ݡ
ɽⶸȻϣǸˣ˿ȴǹ׵ǰ˱˵ϡ
Ǿ޴ǣǸˣ޷
ڶ⸾˵ʱ򣬱ѾӡϸԪӤ
˿ܵ÷ɽ͸壬ѪˮһѾŵĻ겻壬ﻹʲô
ִһסѪ
Է˾ûҶһƬţЦ֥Σ佻Ȼÿ˲ϢұɱһˣΪ꣬
˴󾪣֪˿Ӣ֮ʵޱȣֶζ֮
˱Ҫ˵ȴǺȻ䣬һ΢΢֮
ߣ
һȻ仨ʧɫֱ˹ȥ
˿̣Ӽλ߳һӣߣһģ㣬ʾѵŮӣͬʬһĸߡ
˿̣һĻң۾ɵùԲȻ֥֥㣬ô
˵ʱңȻ򣬴˿̵֥ȻѾˣƺûκεķӦ
ңдޣ޲óȥӸ˺ɷ飡
ǣȻĿ֮У޴ʹ¶ȴȻ򶨡
и̾ȻһŽǰĸ˲ڵϣǸһƺߣʱ
˺Ȼãеһӱģɽ֮׵
һ£֥˫۴ͣĬĬվ󣬱Ӳ
˭˴ո˵ȻɱȴŨң
ȻһЦҲܲ˺ڵľ磬Ҳⲻ˽һ
ײû˵Լ֪ԷΪˣȻߵʵЩ˼
ײ֪ǣĻһöըݺݵը죡
м侪ǿ׵Ŀ⣬øӵļɵ
˵ʲôԷƣȻʮֵļɵƣԿԷʵ˵ãҪǣԷ׿͸Ϊȴ͸ԷΪ
ԪӤڵľֳ΢ϢȻȥţʵԪӤڵĲżˣ
裬ոʼĸΪ֮ŽʵȴͬĿطʹʵһ㣬ȴûܵطΧٻ
˵ǿŷѳԪ񣬵ֵǿصٻ
ͺñһ˶ӦһԪ񣬶ٻֻҪǰ˵Ԫ񼴿ɡ
裬͸һ㣬ʩչԪ֮ӶʹòԪǿأ㰲ȵĵط
˽⣬ʹף磬ɲʲôõطӦȻ֮أߵǿ
ңģҲĹҪЩΪŮ޵¯ǿߵأŮô׵ֵģ
ͲһˣոʵҲ˵ʵץˣǻ֮
ɽǧĵطһһнģ
Ůӣ˫֮ģȻһнֱԴͨԻ˶ԷǣصĸԼߡ
մȴǲԷͬ龹ɱ
ʵʧɫ
λѣȻᣬҲʹգڵѵĻҲջȥ
ҲһķȻˣҵȻҪŪ̫󶯾ΪȻ˫ûк³
֮ǰ飬һҲɽŸոɱ˸ˣЩǷҲ黹֥ѣΣ
Ȼպ֮ȴҲ֪ˣԷ˶ֶΡ
Ըͨ˵ãȴҲڶԷĹֶʮֵļɵֹͨǴԪ񹥻˷ʤ޷
ңɱǿһƴֻʵԴ
ȻֶΪ֮ĻʤȻ˵λ涯̫
ߵĵ򣬿ռȹ̶̳ȲǿǿߵֻҪŪľ춯ˡ
΢΢ȻˣҲգֻϣѽǽսѵֵܺ͵ÿǴͷģ˵磬ңҲССոܱģ
װȻ˵
һ漴ɫЩ粻Ŀ˿ң룬ȻĿͶңϣĿ֮֮ɫһš
漴ȫ׵Ļ֪ǿػҲǴ󺧣æ֥Ľֹ⿪Ȼһͨ令͵ңߡ
裬֮ǰǶðϣѲҪƽϡǳϿҵ˵Ŀֿ
΢΢ͷȻ˳ϿңҲͷˣոްɽػԶ󷨣ȥ֮ʱԻ޸ʾϡ
΢΢һЦˣǶлˡ
Ҳ΢΢һЦ漴ոͷ
ʱ֥˹ң֮󣬺Ȼһ㶣漴һίңĻ
һֿġĺ׶Ϊ֮
ӣ˸鼫
һĻУΡ
ң΢΢ʾ⣬֥Ĭվһߡ
һģ֮жȻԳһɫεķɽңʱ֥վȥע
΢΢֣ϣ͡
ɽ֮ǰ΢΢ֱ֣ͷų֮е̵ȡȻ˲²ú弶Ʒ󷨣һЩ覴ãЩ
迴ð⣬־壬ʵΪ
֮ˣϣǵԼֶΪǿ֪𷣣ţҲˣ˫ֱܲ㲻֣
ֻǣ˲䲼֪ͣⶮһ󷨵ˣʵǷǳ˲ã
ҲЩ̾Լ֪ˣȻƱ군˵۵ոΪ
ңҪǣţң뱳󣬾֧ţΪЧֲѾֵ֤һ㣡
׵һ̱ʧˣ裬ȴڳ˼š
úƬ̣Ҳ󷨣ֱŸ¥ۡȥȴǹѯʵ棬󷨣һô
ͷҲ̧ĵأûκ쳣һоԺҲˡ
ɫͬǾ漴뵽ʲôݺݵ˵ͷû˵ʲô
Ȼͷ˼Ȼ̨ǿҵȲ㱨֮֮𣬲ɲ
⺢ܴܴ裬Ҳвʣ
ҲɱеƬϢǸɢȥˣʱΪǽɱ
˿ﻹģʮ˵

һߣ׵ɫȻԱߵңĬ֥ȴǶƺʮ־¡
裬ȷʵ˵ãĺȻˡһöһӣȻֻ㣬ȻΣޱȣ
׳
ң΢΢磬⣿
ԣ˵ͷ֮УɱҪʱԿĿǰȷʵû֮ģĳЩԭʵ֮£ʱ
ң㣬磬ҿոƬ⣬ⶫӦ÷ǷϢй¶ֻǡ
ԣΣ֮һţʱɫ
еԴ£ҪƽϣҪʱΨðճˣ΢΢˵
˿̣۹֮еɱ⣬ȴԡ
̸֥ƺѾǰʱЩĵ֥ʹ㣬֥
׻ָº֮ɫЦ㣬ֵܣҵã֮䣬֡
ң˿ԣҲϽΪ֥ϸĽ


496 ֮1
һܣ֥׵ݣҲ˽ˡ
ݣңȻû˵ֻǿཻĴѡ
ˣף֥Ҳмӡ
֥һʶŮӣ˼֪ң֮ЩҲĲʣƽϣһ㣬ȻΪá
ԭĶΪˣȻ޷ȥǣںңһеʱҲͬʱѡµɽŵڵء
µɽţȻͬϵɽǰ㣬ҵˡ
Ϊ㵽ң޷ױ´һĶΪңٶȲҲܺãûǧĿޣӷھȽٷȫܵģ
ΪĺھĵãҲһ
磬ˡɻνĶȽ٣ħѣͬһ㣬ҪܵٻĴ׽ٵĺը
ģǾĶңһЩϵָ㣬жɾͣǾͿңԼˡ
УٶȻǺܿ죬ҲǺ£˱ѰȺɽѡŽҪĵطȻǾϸѡ
ңҲнⶴٳң֥Ȼӵϸ
ѡ䣬Ѿ·ڣ;һɽʱеһЩķ϶ɽ׵΢΢һϲ
ԭң֥û⵽һɽ׵ĸӦǿһۿʵ޻ĻҰɽһ˵ĸ顣
ƺɽһкôɽһ
׵ͣȻֱӵĴӷɽվɽɽϡ
֥ңǸʶȤûѯʣĴɽȻǶ׵ľʮֵӣҲʮֵ˳ӣ
û˿ĻɣΣȻҲܿɹģ
Ͼһ֮ˣķϵɽʲôõĸо
ɽڳɽ֮УƺһģȴʮֵͨԭɽɽǾ޴绯صľ޴ɽʯ޴ɽʯһֱɽİɽͬľһ㣬һ֮£ɽŵʶЩҲЩ㤵ĸо
ɽİɽǿݰܵӲݣɿݵľضǡ
һſŵľԵʮֵĸɿݣʹɽʮֵһӪʮֲ˸˵Եĸоһ㡣
Ŀɽ֮ѲţȻ˼գ¶ŵ΢Ц
طû˵Ǽ񵽱ˣ΢Ц˵
ңǴϲȻȻʲôãǶ׺ޱΣʹǾԲκεɡ
߰ɣȴǿɽĿ
΢΢һЦң˵
ɽһ޴Ĺϴػţʵϣȴɽģɽ֮ڣһʮɽ
ܸ֮ӦĵһΪױĽԭ򣬶׵Ԫ񱾾ǿ󣬵Ҫģĵ׶Ϥĸо
ƾŶĸӦƾŶ󷨵ļ˵ϤȻһŵػ󷨡
˵һڸķ
ˣײžãһʮˣΪŹϴػĶѾҪȥػػˡ
׶ϵػ󷨻ЩİģȻ󷨷棬ٲȻѾΪ˳ʦһЩϵ󷨣Ȼֻ֪һġ
ǰľżĸ󷨣ÿһһ󷨣ʮֵĹ죬ףҲĺķ˽ʱ˵ɣŴң˽Ƭ󷨿ռ䣡
ϵ󷨣ȻͬСɡ
Ȼһ룬һɼŨϮѹȶ׼ˣΪ֮󾪣
֮Ȼң֥˷֮ܵ
ѾӦ֮вûˣŷĵĴ˽
Ȼûʧ
һǴɽߴϵľһšһУϾŹԵȷλһЩӲݵеƣ
ңﲢһɽɽˮԱߵɫĺ棬ԶӵСɽϣȵȵȣü֮ϲ֮ĵط
ײûж˼ȥǿʼѡһλ׼𶴸

תۼ䣬ʱȥˡ
µƽʵ
󷨵ڲռ䣬ͬһ㣡
£Ҳдһʮֿⶴ֮䣬ҲңоͶӦĵػ֮ء
Ȼ֮ĵط֮УȻҲԡ
Щֽ֮ⶴ󷨣ȫһһ£ʹɽŸӵԲ

֮У֮Ϸң׵ΪԼٵģʱ֮á

ٴεĺһ϶˼ƣ
ػżһҪ꣬ʵǷͬСɣһʱҲЩ
ػ꣬ž޴ĲУǿͻƵķգӴޱȣ
뵽ֻ֮ҪﵽżԼڽˣԷʩΪʱ̲סĶˡ
Щӣ裬ûнƬϢȥ
вɳǿͻʧܣʱҲмء
ոµ󷨣СǼӡ
ֻҪԸ⣬͸󷨣ոһС
ֻǣ⼸£ոһֱƽƽģЩ
֮ûгֽɱΪ˱й¶ɱ֮£Ǵ˿̣˼
裬ʵãóȥ¶˾ģֿ˿ԼӰĿռ֮еϺɫƬĶʱӵļᶨ
Ȼһ̣һӰȴǴ֮д˳Ȼʧ֮䡣
һ̣ױѾݳԪȻ˲󷨣ֱӴŲոɽ֮⡣


497 ֮2
ûɱʱ׵һεĶݳԪ
ȻʮֵΣգͬģҲܽ취ķ
ڶģͶļϵǿߣҲÿʱÿ̵Ĺעռ˵һһ
ңÿжӦܣЩϵǿÿ˶ӵĻôЩҲҪˡ
ţЩǿߣ׵ʱ򣬲Ҳֻ൱һֻϣǿк
׼ĵͬģΣ˵ң˵ƬʧиķͬһĶ֣ôʱֻй¶ĸ죡
Ƚϣ׹ϵѡǰߡ
Ҳ֪˿ûм˵ȥķƬӦûȡ֮ǰҪıһĿĵĽЩϢĴȥ
ȫԼӰɵĴոػŴȻڲΧ֮С
Ũ֮ǰûж
΢΢Ӧһֱ֮һ򵥵Ųƣ֮С
Ųƺ˲Ʋͬ˲Ƶʱһǰľᣬ˲ƻܵ谭
Ųƣȴֱӿռ㣬ȻпռԾһŲƣȻǷػ󷨺ǽڵľޡ
Ȼ֮УǲŲƣȴΪ֮УѾ޷ӦĿռ㣬ڿռڲĿռ㶼ҲһŲȻҲ޷á
״˿ֱӵĺ貼õ󷨣ֱӵվǰ
иӦʱĿ֮Уƺûжپȡ
˰գ
赭ȻʵȻ̶֮£˾˴ľɼʵ֮ǿ
ѾˣӶԷϴζսжʵףʵӦüһսʱĻЩʤ㣡
Ȼ˵ãʵӦû˾磡
һûнƬϢݳȥϾһУκ˶ϣġ
ףǰԷ˵ãֶκΪԷ֣ȻΪ˾ԭ
ԭ򣬻ͬԷ֮һ㣬ʵʵǡ˾ң
㿼ǣԽԽˣʱбԽԽ뷨붨ۡ
һû׵˵Ϣ֮Ҳǰż
ҲΪŴȿһЩʱգ˾繮ãȥѰ˵Ļ
벻ҪҵˣȻֱӵվǰ

׵һЦ۳ģȴһ޶
ʱȻǲʹ׵ģģ˼ȥ
ȻɱҵģЦˣҲûдĵվ
ͬĬԡ
˫ƺˣǰίˣֱӵĽ
ܲʵ־һ㣬ΪΪͿԶԸҲɣ׵˵ʱҲΪ
ۺڵϢϵɢ˳ССҿռ䣬û˿ɢ
ۺǿߣ
ɫ
׵ͷ㵽㽫Ƭй¶ȥȻ뵱֮
뷨ν
ɫ鴤˼£ô
ʱѾףԷԲԿģҪһٽԷɱҪֶΡ
貢ɵ֪ûж֣Ȼ󣬼ȻôҪһ㶯֣Ѷǲ
֮ǰ׵ıȶ貢û˵滰ΪۺڵǿߣҲֻۺ㾳ǿߣھ֮Ԫ
ţһײ֪
ˣɱһۺڵǿߣʲôѣȻ˿ʵûлָ״̬͵ϮֶΣѾ㹻ˡ
˵Ƭã㲻
׿ƺ˵
ɫһɣ¶ʲôƵģտƾ˵ˣȴɱڣǴΣ
ЦҴ˵Ųұ㷢ļɣ֮ǰаΥ棬Ԫҷ𣡵Ȼ㲻ϣȻЧ
һҧãұ˵
ƬǿƬռʱ򣬿ٵشͨƵĶ϶۵ľۡɣ
Ȼ䣬оⱩǣԭͷڻ֮һ裬Ȼ侹ٶȷɿĽһһķݺݵĳ
ʱͬʱһܵ˿Ȼ͵һĳݺݵĻͷϡ
ء
ߺݺ֮ǰվĵطʱҳһ޴ĿӶ
׵һƣȴֱӵĽķͷǱĴӵ
ҵļӲ̶ȣͬһ㣬Ǭ̺֮ıըһ״Ϊ棡
Ǭߣƺһ鱦֮ĶķƷһ̩֮ɽ
һ£ҪҵˣԪ۵ֻҪ촷ˣ
ˣײźȻʧɫ
ʱ͵óһ«
«ͨɫ˸ŵİɫƹâͬһ㡣
Цһ£Ȼһ͵Ľɫĺ«һĨȻ˺«ƿڣ˵ѣͷϣ
͵һȻʶȻһ޴ãĸоȻ
һ̣ãȻʱȻоͷһԴǾûˣ
ĵȻһ׶Ȼ˹ŹڵϵԴ׶ʱŭ
ڣǷɽ֮ȫԿϣγɷɽ˼ͷϣҲѪҲʹ࣬
ɵԷɫĺ«ûбֳʲôվ˰죬źȻ䵹˵ϡ
ǹͷ­ϣ˫֮УȻЩã֮ɫ
ջ˺«Цһͬʱ˿ǰףǲмĵۺΣ


498 նɷɵ1
˶٣Цݵ˵ƬܣȻˣҲ٣Ҳʬҵĺ«նɷɵı꣡
˵ţȴ˿ûע⣬ͷ­Ȼڵأȴûͬͨͷ­һ㣬ֳԵ֮
ƬļƣⶫֵĻѰǬͼĿռ䣬ڳΪϣ
оܣ裬Ҳ޷֪
һȷǲⶫȻˣ
Цʱ֮ĳ׵ʬȥеǬָ˵ԡ
ʱȻ䣬ֻоһɼȻɱϮ˹ë˲䶸Ȼ𣬼Ǳܵ͵ķѪݹâ
ֻǣһķɽȻ䴩͸ĵȻһֱϸԪӤԪ˲ɢ
⾪һ̺Ŀ꽣壡
еǿ󹥻ԣ֪
Ұŭ֣һ֮䣬νǺ飡
ɽѪһʱѪɫʧΪһͷص׵ͷϡ
ҡҡӣһĸоȻ£
ٵ߽ߣֱӽǬָȡУȻóնɷɵ«
Ŀɫĺ«ϣ׸Ӧһ£֮񣬼ֱǷ˼
ֱȵѪȡӦһ£ⷨȻûƷε鱦
֮ױԾѪ֮Ȼֻʮ֮һѪЧЧҲʮ֮ңѾˣ
նɷɵһµǿߣһɱնͷ­Ԫ񣬷ȥΪȻ«֮Уˮ
ֶΣ״Ǹ̾ͬʱҲΪ𾪣裬ʲôͷ
ӣǶԼ˵滰
֮ʱѳƾ磿
ЩĪˣһ̣ȴȻһֻ޴ķ
裬һֻޣһֻ˾޴ķޣ裬Īǡ
ھ֮ʱȻһ豾֮ڶȻɲǼֱʧ֮䡣
ףĵֱһǿҵĲ
Ӱȥļ죬ȻˣһֻɫĴ˸֮䣬һӶ򣬱ʧ
Ȼ䣬ЩףⶫűǽɫĴڵػ֮Ȼ֪ΪΣʱûЧȴѾһս֮¾¼С
ⲻһ޴
衭
׺ȻЩЩӦ֮һЩǿޣҲѹȷ
ֻǣ˵軹һԪǿߵأǽױмɵ
ۺڵޣһԲۣ޷ֿϾޣ۷͹Լǿ̶ȣ֮ǿ̫࣡
뵽Ƭ飬иԼֲĸо
ѹڽƬȥԭǴ˾Ե޿֣
ֻ轫Ƭ˼סȻ΢ʩչֶΣܶƬҲı¶ݣεȵɣ
ֻǣûôֻûȷƬڲ׵жѣ
һ룬ײŻȻ
׽ʬһ޴Ľɫ澡ջ٣ҷɣգȻֱӵŲ뿪
һ̣ױڳڵĸլ֮С
ԭոļλϺ͸ˣҲŹ
ԭ뽫Щ˳Ĩɱ֪ƬĪ֮󣬱֣ҲѾˡ
ҵǣƬܲû¶ȥû⴫
״˿ֻ̣Ҫ֪ؼĨɱܽһкȫ
ǣֱŲƵ˼λϵڵأȺЩ˲ɱȻ𻯷ޡ
Զ֣ˣҲֱĨɱ
ϣˣͬһޣһֻգһ㣬ں֮Ȼֻ޵ĺᣡ
Щ£ʵڲҵ飬ֱʩչŲƷٴ˲Ļص˶֮С
ջصױֱһеĶȡ˽֮УֻóƬ
ƬûʲôĵطѪȡˮ֮ķûκЧ
Ԫ̽Ӧȵȣʧܸգ
֮£׿ԲεĿ׶һһ㣬ɷǺÿ
壬Ȼһ£׺Ȼ֣ⶫЧûУǴкôģ
ȻˣҲ͸˵ûе
ȻˣûǸϽΪҪ
ǣױ㽫ƬһĲƵĽ˿ߴȻǰ̫ĵȻȻ˷ѡ
㣬֮УһƬͣǳվ¹һ㣬Ȼ񵭵⾳ʮֵҡ
Ȼĸȴ⾳֮У𽥵˽ȥ
ĺ磬Ĵţʱ֮䣬ߴҶ紵
׺Ȼܿȥķ֣֪ʱȻһȫİĵط
طʮֵ䣬ʮֵĻ
һıƺΧ֮С
׿ܣǰԶǰɫϣȻѪ
ܣˣ״Ƿ׷׳֣
еĿ棬ʮֲʣеݾľʣģȴĿ־Ĳ԰ס
׿ܵһУⳡգԭһֹ¼ţԭһֳء
ûԺʲôΪԼ֪ӦþƬĿռ䡣
ǣ棬ΪʲôֳһĻö֪
վԭأ׾þûж
Ƭ̣̾Ϣһʶһ˳Ŀռ䡣
ƬϵǬͼơ
ǱֻأЩǿߣɾ֮ģȻжһݳء


499 նɷɵ2
˳Ŀռ֮Щˡ
ƬʾģǻþҲ翵ĶӦþǬͼ硣
˵ӦǬͼ֮Ǭͼ֮Ҫ顣
ѪɫĻ棬գǺ̹ǵ⣬дһ׳ĸ
ųɾĻԵҲŸĿܡ
ǣǰ̵֮ˣƺû֮ġǣ
һȫʵķҲ𽥵Ļָƽ
֮ԽƬĻþδӰǹȥģΪ׿Ըܵе翺Ͳ׽
ǹȥӰȻƮ˸
ΪӦδͶӰһвƮ԰գҲֵӡ֤δƮ޷ա
׸һƬǿôʱҲټƽˡ
ʲô٣ڵûжĹϵ
΢΢Ӧһ£Ȼ֣ң֥Ůӣ˿ĳ飬ײЩΡ
Ӧ̫ǿҲ֮
׵˸Ӧ֮ԭȥ͸͸˿ȴٴεľ
ţ룬ȡ̣һǿ󷨣ȻСóһɫĺ«
«ƺʹ˵֮еնɷɵһ޶ֻǣⶫԣնɷɵ鱦ǿ
Ϊ«׵Ҳֻǿ鱦ѣ鱦кܶ಻ġ
΢΢㣬«֣׶ʱ㵽«Ͻĵڶ«Ǿۼĵһ«ݻǾۼķ
˽⵽㣬Ҳһ̾
һ㿴ǽĹϵֻǴĲһˣ
ɫĺ«ĿĶǺ«ľ֮ǰȻϿȻ³һڰ׹⣬˲նͷһ˵ԪԺ֮е蹬֮С
ûзնͷֻκʵ֮ˣǻ
Ȼз֮ˣݳԪ񣬽뵤ϸԪӤȻǿԱģ
ͨߣܽͷ­էȻѿӦ«նɷɵ³һڰ׹в
ֻǣȻ֮£˭ûµȥ׼ԼԴʱ˿أ
һնɷɵɼһˡ
ң֮ǰֻǽȫգ˿̽ʱնɷɵһȽ˽ˡ
նɷɵ׵֪֮󣬸ǴʧɫͬʱҲΪնɷɵֻûĶѣ
ȫ˽͸֮󣬶ʱףԭ֮ⷨһûܿƵѪȡķʹۿۣӵҲ֮һѣ
Ǿ˲ն׵ͷ뵽ɺȻ
֮ǰͷնȻЩ˵ģϾȻ֮䣬ն䲿ԪȻ̬仯ǻЩ˼Ԫġ
˺ױû⡣
˿ײЩȻ֮ǰԷԼһԪ壬ֱԺ«Լôһڰ׹⣬ôڣֻ˶«Һ˰ɣ
ʱҲףΪ˾˿ٵԭʲôˡ
Ϊ«Һʮֵĳ棬ֻҪ֮ͿԴԴľۼ
׿е«֮ϲԱ
ĶпԷʮ֮ҵ乥֪ˣ
Ǵﵽ۷壬ҲΪԼ޵У
ϾֻҪԵרͼ֣κһµĸǻİԾҲ뵽˵ľıһ־֮
ͬģڵ磬ľҲĵ乥֮Ƿ˼
«ԻնɷɵãڲװؾۼҺҲ³׹⣬ɱεãеһԪı̬
һն˶ԷͷԪϸԪӤϵϾĻôնɷɵ«ʱһĪ֮ǹͷ֮УԪʱͬĻһ׹⣬Ȼ«֮С
˿̣«ЩԪ֮󣬱Ľøӵǿ
«֮³İ׹⣬ЩԪâ
Щâ«ɵЩ˵Ԫ
һ㣬׺ǿء
һ֮ˣ˲佫ɱΪ޷̽ԷԪԪɶȻٶȼ죬һԷԪݳ
ˣÿɱˣһȻɽ֮ὫԷԪֱӵ顣
Ϊ˲ԷĻᣡ
˽׵ģڰ˼֣£ΪĳЩԭҲûмĸӦʲôϾȻҷؾۣҲġ
׳Ŀʼˡ
ⶫʵǸ֮Ϊͷʹ
Ҳ֪ڸ֮ļĺôҲֻܰͰ

תۼ䣬ʱȥˡ
յȵĶЩ
귽棬ڸˡ
ֻǣľ׺Ȼȫƺʲôһͺñǵɽ֮˵ǿķһ㣡
ָоЩ𺳵ͬʱЩĬ
Ķ˵޷϶Щǿһϴ񣬻
ǰߵĻ׵΢΢һôҲ˵һУȻûӳЩǿߵơ
ЩǿߣӦʥһġ
Щƹصʥˣ취ʥˡ
ǣǺߣΪһʮֵ׵ģǾǣʥˣҲΪĵĸԤĽ
ʥӦٵֶΣǴʥ˲ִдƵһֹ߰ˣ
˿
ײܵϴԭҲ
˱ǲл֮Ȼ޲һϴ񣬻ָֻ֮ǻʧȥеļ֮ĶǺ޷ˡ
йص˼Ҳǻ
ʱ޷ѣԶֻ֮УΪһУ
żԭڡ
˺«ҺϾ죬ҲڵõһĶû˽֮׵Ǳ𽥵ķ˳
˵ǱڵŻı˳
ˣ£ױﵽľ磬ֻ;żһ޴ĿûоԵʣǺһعȥġ
ˣĿǰٴεƿ
֮£ױֻŻȥˡ
ĿǰķΧӦҪ֮УΪķɽ֮ʲãҪгɣȻܶ࣬һ㶼ʺ֮ܲˡ
һЩѣ󵽣ôɼǿߵĵҪôǿߵĵ
Ȼ޷壬Ǵģ׻㵽ġ
ǣ΢΢Щױ뿪ⶴȻصĴֱ֮Ӵ뿪ˡ
ңޣǰĳһ죬Ѿ޸ãȻ̤Ѱĵ·
Щˣҵײ̫ģΪҲҲྭЩѵĥ¶ѡ
ȻңҪͬ˼ϡ
˴󣬻صأȻ䣬׶ǷȶȻ˼֮顣
ңһ֮ѾнʱˣҲ֪ԼŮôˡ
ʱ򣬶ܰ׾ȻҲ˵˼ͷζӣ
Ȼһ漴뵽ѳɣʱԼף꣬ƺǽ޲״̬
Ҳ˵֮أ֮󣬻ػα֮а֮ˣȴ˼֮ġ
ײɿЦ漴뵽ܰŮǿɰģĴ۾һʱܰ续


500 
صϼڵɽ֮Ըļܰ
ܰʮֵĶ£ҲʮֵŬȻҲʮֵĿɰ׺ο
ŷȶܰһεʱ֮ױٴεĳˡ
һΣĽ׵Ѱϣ˻ѳʱ׼
⣬ǸԪףɳҲܲҲ׵ļƽ֮С
ֻѰ˵ˡǿ϶ǵ֮󣬱ֻͻżָԭΪˡ
ԣţֻҪٰʮңһоӦúˡ

ʱۡ
һɽϵڽ¾ҵ磬ϵڶߺХ
Էγһ壬ػ׵ġ
˿̣Ѿδѵĵеĵʮͷˡ
˿̣ڳĵѰĹ֮УѾﵽľżĳ̶ȣڣﵽż۷壡
ֻҪԸ⣬ʱͻһ㣬Ȼֱġѡ
ֻǣôźʼûѰˣڣ˼Ҳ
ײٴεһ£Ȼģ
Ϊԭ㣬ʮֵĻҡ
ײò̾Ϣһ֮Ӵ󣬷˼ƿأʵڲʮʱѰϵġ
ǣҪԶֻأȴҲԸġ
ٴεķɹһƬɭ֣Ȼ΢΢һ漴Ŀø
һ̣˾ô֮䣬µķɽɢŵǳɫĹΣһһġ
вʱļٵķ磬ƬƬ½ǣƮݵĺɫЩɣ
ľȻǰĳȻ䣬׵ɼٵʱڸӦˣӦѪӿолһĳȡ
ǵģӦþˣһû
м˵ԭΪĵ׵˼ôǿҡ
뵽ϴ֮ĵõͷţеУȴӵ
һ˲䣬ƺһʱĳȣЩϢ
ȫ˷ֱӻâʧ
ǸӦþûд

ǰķĹ˿һּȶ˵ľⲻ˵˿̹¿ΪοޣȻûжЧ
һˣ֪ǶôĿֲ
رһԵĳ硣
ĸĸǰ죬ͬΪ޷϶ȥ
˿̣Ϊû˸ĸߣԭһֱչ˵ĴҲΪ֮ǰͻżȥ˾ߵĵ
ԣһˣкܶĻˣ׼ǿֶζˡ
Щ֪κ˶ף˳ӣȻֻûʲô³
ĵʹΪһӦģ
٣У
˿̣Ǹĸȥĵ죬ȴȻڸĸķĹߡ
һȥЩˣǿг֣ʱ򣬻Ľѡ
Ȼ䣬ƺʲôӦһʱĳȥ
˿̣ǸߵİӣȻЩ˵ĸоиһֹ׽ĸо
Ȼһ漴ЩȻĿ⼴ǰĿ¶֮ɫһƬ¡
ˣУʵνǸ֮
ûüӦӱѾǰȻһ˫۾ôĿ
ȻЩҵĸоƺЩܰĸоĵǱܵģˣƺЩִ
ʲôԷƺǼ˵Щˡ
΢΢һɫĵСŮ֪λǰ
ԷΪȣ漴˵ȻûǲˣѾѣǻûȫѣȴ֪һӣңһзظϱӵʵ
΢΢ЩĶɫȴʮƽĵ֪СŮӺ͸ʲôϵøھѺ󻹲ΪĴѰ
Ļʮ־ζ׿ЦȻǵˣûϵ룬֣ǵİɣ
׿Цţ漴ʩչһ֮ʱԭòȵȣȫĳ˳
ʱѾЩֶˣĶȥɱѵһ̣ʲô
кȻһѵõĶĵףðɣҾ㣬ʲô뷨ĻʵǿҲ
οЦ㲻ˣ
𼸷飬ܰһع鵽״̬ĻôȻʲôģȻıˡ
˵ţ΢΢ЦЦ
ָо׵֮ܰУǿҡ
ѾȫĿ϶ȷʵˡ
ֻǣˣ˼ʱȴЩ֣ΪһΣ㵽˼ȻѾѣ
ţٴһȴǲķ֣ƺΪָоͬξһ㣬⣡
⺢ĻԵˣ
΢΢ĸ̾漴º͵ЦЦ
׵Ц΢΢ͷǻ񣬲Եúܡ
֪˱㣬׽֮Уڲȷ˵û˽֮ǰκ飬ʮֵĽ
λţұ뿪ңֻﻹвٵ˶֮ģֻ⼸Щ߶ŵˡ
˵ʱȴǲ֪γƺֻܳƺλ㡯֮ģƺͨ졣
ΪѾӦŮТŮƺܵĺȻҪֵȵĲˡ
΢΢һЦҹϵͬһ㣬Щ˵ҶѲʵǵ죬ҷĺˣ

ǣױ䵱Ļʹ߼ְ֣һɾϲǰ֮ˣͳͳУ
ң⻹ǿΪƵķϣǲȻ׵ֶΣ˾ǶžĲ˶˺õˡ
Щ죬ҲûìܣŸδܰͷȶ飬һʱҲΪꡣ
֮УҲȫĴڸ
˵֮ǰȻϤ׽ϱ֮ûʲôԺģôڽ֮˵̬ȣȫĲͬˡ
Ϊľ磬ɵŷ֮ٶһǧ
ǴжĻ䵽˲ٵ̹ĵĶ
һȴǸŮѣ˶Щ
ٴγƺ׵ʱҲȵĳƺһ״硱
ʱȴֻٺһЦЦΪ⡣
õ˵ĳϣ̣ѣҲԤϵˣκι±룬ĻΪΰţ
Ϊһ壬Ϊ㹦ģνǻԵ֮
죬ֱӵƾ轣˻꣬ȻֺԥĽԼĸĴˡ
ˣͻƣѾˡ
һͬС
˿̣Ҳվ׵ǰ֮ȻһЩ룬Ȼ˵Цģòܡ
ʱ΢Ԫһ£֮׹ķ֣Ԫ񣬾ȻΪһҡ
ң׵ʱȫľϵںϣ˵ľΪ
Ȼһ
ǷԪףȻԼȴһһԼЩӵ飬ڽԿɽˣ
һԪֱӶһˣ״˿̣ˣԪ񣬸պھѵ״̬ͬģ棡
һνĵǣȫʧˡ
Ԫ棬ȻҲͿԺúõĶԴȶܰˣҲܸõΪϼ鹣
׻صԼ֮УȻתͶ̥֮õ丸ĸͬΪʹֻأײ⡣
ֱӶݳԪȻȡУ״ֵ˳
ɱʱ̣ѾԶȥΪ֮ǰںϵʱ˱㶼ѾﵽԲ׵ķ棬ԼѾġѡˡ
׺˷ܣҲǳ֮ԪֱܻΪɽǷֱ̥γɾ֮УȻ󳹵ںԪ֮С
һΣһö«С
ҺΪʱͬһ㣬ֱֱţƬ̣ױָڵ۷徳磡
ʱ׻ģֱӵŲƵһֱڵȴǰ
˿̵ڻָʵģ֮󣬾һķ˫Ŀ֮Уһã
Ƭ̣һ߽׵ߣ˫ˡ룬Ŀ׵ĻС
ȻܶණȻǵãǣ֪ĵ׵ĺûдģ
Щ˵
ĸ㷢һƬ
˶ģܿ죬ͻָģ˲ͬ⣬ҾĴ꣬壬´ӳɣԣҿԶʱָΪ
׼ᶨ˵
Ȼԡ˶ƺЩİĵ׾Ǹ˼֣ûаų֮⣬ͬĵ˵ͷ
׻ָΪֻһƬ󷨣ȻֻǼ򵥵İ˼󷨣Ҳ˵ã
նɷɵ֮еԪҺװգ
Ϊ˺һ㣬ǿŽǿģˣһԺɵľΪϴ裬ֱӽż۷ľ硣
֮˿϶ΪԼĲ²⵽ˣ˵ԪԪѾ޲ˣ
׻൱ʮ飬͵ػ֮ģɲǶԪ޸ô
˵Ƕڲ޸ô
ҲӵĽˣΪȽصԭˣ
һֱ̣ûзʲôһ˳֮
ͻż֮ûǰû˼䣬ֱӵĻظеļ䣡
ˣǸ֮ǰľɰŮһ̱ɫȹŮȻݺݵΪΪָķ׼Ϻݺݵҧһڣ
໡
Ȼ֮䣬֮дһǺ


501 ȶU
ĬĬĶȴһ֮ʧȥ䣬ʮ꣬ٴεѼ䣬Ӷİһָ鱬ȻǱѰ
״˿̣ʹಢţΪָоĺܰΨҲο
˻ָ˼֮󣬾ѳɹʵնɷɵ«Һ֮£ǰڵľ硣
׸û˿ԥĽеµĸڣԺ·̫·
ǵǰڣɽȴǲһ͵ģҪϵĴϵӦϵŬ㾳ء
ϧⷽ棬˲Ը⣬⽣һ;Ȼˣ侫֮ȴǱ
Ҳİ汾Ϊ⽣ɽһ㣬Ѷȿ֪
Ҳ̫ϣԼӽƳΪɽ
Ͼô˵ǿİĿɰӰ
˳׵ĽΪָ֮˿뵽׵ֱ˻ƻŮ׵ĸоΪ
뵽ɺٺٵ¶ЩЦݡ
ʱȻһʹ̲סҪ
˿̣ȴߵͨ죬ֺݺݵš׵תĽǶȣʮȣ
亹ɭɭƤǳ鶯һ£Цĵˣ˶ˣ˷ɡ
źһɿħ֣
Ȼ˴׵ήЦ֮뵽ʲôޱģʵǿһЩӦǿޱȣ
˿̣˱Ͼʮļ䣬ҲǴ̥ǶֱܵŮĽߣ֪
׿Ͼݣε˫գһķգ

̲ס̾ҵһŮӵӣ׵оֵҸ
ߣ㻹
˽˵Ȼһ½ţתٿס
תʱŵǺĵŮ㡣
ԭ׻˺úõһһ̣ײ΢΢һ㶣漴ɫЩ
֮ǰﴫһѶϢѶϢ֮֮
ǾǣȶԭѾﵽ꾳磬İ£ˡ
Ȼˣһ׼֮֮Ůӡ
Ůӣ˵ǑUҲ˵ǲᡣ
Uǰıˣ䣬ڑUϡ
ŮӣǷ棬ǱףǺǲͬʱҲЩʹ
UһĻ׾þ޷ͻһĻ

ⲻling𣿲ᡭʵӦ뵽ϤĸоһתҲпתųΪ˵أ
ľѪʹ뿪˲ˣΪһѪԵ֮ˣΪԼޣ
ίУΣ˵һ·֮ǰΪˣֺһծ
Ȼ
̾ϢһЩΡ
ģһܻԻ͵ģ
뵽λķĳɾͺҸ˵
UĵЦЦȻ˲ߡ
ʱ׸оһ壬ܵģסŮľŮӡ
˰ѾʧһϢľ˴Ŀġ
촽Ȼ׵ϣռ䣬ҵͬʱռ䴫һѵľ޴ڶ
ǧ򱶵ʵһ̣ԭڵđUžԽֲʵ
ң׵ĿUеķǾǼƷ鱦
ƿան
Uһ˿ֿ⣬촽֮У³ۡ
һĻ׼Ǳܵ㵽ͬһĻڑUĸ׵ϣ
ĸӺƿնԷʵ
˿̵đUͬһָ
ʵȻƺͬ㵽ʲôǺЦһֽһ΢Ц
ʵȻ˵ãҲǑUĶ֣٣ӡ⿪đUӵƿյûУ
Ȼ䱻ռ֮У봩״̬޷
ۼռ𣬺ڰ٣ȴʱ򣬿һĿӰһʵĳӰɢ
ʺѪȾգ׵ǰҲٴε˺ڰ

üͷ΢΢һ壬ᣬ㲻֪ĻԵôٲ֪ôҷ𣡡
Ļһ˶ʱһƺܵ˼塣
ɫӲ԰ףתΪ˲ҰףȻ𽥵Ļָ˻ĵ׵һַŭʱҲȫʧˡ
ǺȻһûκεķĵͬʬһ㣬ϣҲһֵҡ
ǣʥˡ
˵ţȻɫ΢΢ЦЦԡ֮ǰһ㣬ŵĲõЦݣЦȴһ޷˵ı
Ȼ˵һԵǲĽǴѪͳһں˱˵ľѪǿҲٺͲκεĹϵˡ
ָоߣ˵һūûκɵıλ֮ɽ׵ūѡ
̬˶ᶮã侳ˣȴ֪ʹ࣬ܡ
ǣΪһ壬û˵ʲô
Ҳ׵ǳȥûκκôģ٣ˣһˣһĿ⣬һ塣
ԣûѡ
꣬ģҲʮ߰Ůģǳ̬͸ӵ˼룬ԼڵĹһ쵼ߵķ緶һ˵ȻϺͰ⣬£ЩκεĿ顣
û˴Ļ֮ѪκλҲȻ

ģһܻԻ͵ģ
뵽仰뵽ŵ׵ԼЩɣЩ
һŮѾˣǳŵڲڣӦ硣
磬ڲڣĽôҡ
ǺͷһӣִεĺãȴĺãΪĲѡ
񣬑UˣֻҪдԻָۺڵʵ
ǰ΢΢һ룬Ѿס
ôˣ˺Ȼо̬ı仯ĵʵ
׿Цûʲô˶Ҹ㽲°ɡ
һ㶣漴µĿ׵ĻУţ˵ɣ˶š

һߣ׷棬ͷȶŶԷ
ȶ촽£˫֮׳ʡ
ּ㲡ֳ顢į˸еı飬׵Уǲζ
Ⱳܸ㣬һҲڡ
ȶU˵Ƿº͵˵Ŀ֮УЩ˸УǸģȻҸ
ҡһʱ˵һŵϤУ޷жϷȶ
ļƻȻ֮ǰȶЩ棬棬ȴף޶ЩȻ
Ļû˵꣬㱻Uˡ
ǰ飬ǳȶлȷʵŲ¡
ֻѾǳȶԣ£Ѿνˡ
⣬Ҳǰµɣֻû뵽Ϊڵʱ򣬾ûһӾȻԼͷϡ
U˵ΪָɲǼ˸е㺣ʱʧ
ת䣬Ҳкù˼ֵͬʱڑUҲİ⡣
ڑUǷʱѾˡ

ĺ
U΢΢죬һͶ׵Ļ֮С
һΣķĵİ⣬ԼУо˼
ȶ飬ҲǸһ䣬ΪΪ£еĽᣬԺȻΪ
ģ磬Ҳطֿˣ׼ᶨ˵
U΢΢ףʵĺܸˣҲҸôƴңϾһͨ˵ݳֵģѾʮֵѵˡ
Щƽϵġ
һҲӦõģǼȷʵĹˡ
UƤЦǴεжѾĲЩƽϱСӿӶѣ壬ֻһ˿
ԣʱЦ˵ĻؼƽˣΪСӱѾ·ˡ
ε֮ǰ·ûܿͱҴˣ֮һУٺ١
UԣʱԵ˿
Ųĸ߽ԸĻ֮ˣȻñ˴һµġ
ףǿܰĽأ
Ȼ䣬ܰ˹Ц˵
ֻȻڿ׵ʱ򣬶˼־ɫ
΢΢ЩʹܰȻ٣Ǳ𵱳橺ԣȴ˺ܶ࣡
ƽʱ̣ܽ˵в˳ʩԳͷ
Ҳĥ£ʮֵ̤ʵѧ˼ǿԸͬʱҲͻ֮
Դ󱲣һֱŷһ㣬Ǿǣúý̵ϼӽ̵Ļֻǻ²С鷳ڻԼȫһǱȫң
ָʹĸԣһγɣǿʳһƾʵ˵ĵط
ʮܰģͷȶһģһҲʮֵƯټϼеʣһǰһľ޵ĸо
Uܰ˵Щ˼һڵӣԽԽûûСˡ
ܰ·۵СͷףôãŮûûСء
׷ԣ΢΢һЦܰϼ죬ȥǿߵ򣬵ǵİ
ۣѾ𣿡ܰʵ
ײɵ˵ͷҼܰҪЩҪŬԺõָģ
֪ˣܰã
ܰһЦʮ˷ܵ˵
֮ĸŮ˱ֵһȥˡ
һߣȴĴӲ￪ʼU飬˵
ʱҲЩԼĲˡ
Ϊ֪ȴĽʲô
Ȼ׻ٶܴͻݶ￴һЩߣײ뿿Щֶȥ˵ġ
ЩĿЩ룬漴̾Uһ;ⶵ˰֮ˣԶΪЩȻĽɣͲسɣ֪ЩɣǲħĹؼ
ڑU˶ıģȻЩ䣬ȴǲ֮ͨˡ
˶
ײ˵
˷º͵Цһ;λң磬ſʼ裬ڵȴȥ
ƽ˶ҲȱһܽĵĽãһ˶ٹвįˡ
ðɣȻǷ㽫UĸŮǿߵˡ
˶ɷǣϾͬңȴڸ֮ǰɱ飬棬ҲֻһŶѣʵס
Ѿǿˣͱ޶ȴȻƫ̻˶֮ģɡ
Ȱһϣ治ƽʲô
οЦؼǣϼԱһ𣬻Ҫܻģͷûġ
ԣҲεЩɡ
иж֪˵ʲôãֻܽ§ˣȻš

һ׼׵׸Ӧؼָʱָ֪ؼһ޵Ĵ󷨣⴫󷨣ȴ˲ǰǿߵء
ֻǣûߣ׺Ȼһ㶣漴ҲӦ
ңϢˣˣ˵ױͷһЦ
ָоͺñһˣȻԼֻһֻͬĿԲٿһʮֵ⣡
Ӧ˷ĴڣҲȻЩо


502 ŭ1
ײ֪ңѰ˭˿̵ǰǴطЩס
ϾӦأһǽֹģǵո裬ҲʲôĶ
׿˿UԼܰ΢΢ɡ
漴ǳ񣬻ܰڴ˫ۣ΢΢һݣ漴ͷͬʱ˾
˫һ֮ˡ
Ǻܴ󷽵ĽˑUUĵĺ˼ĿֻţҲ˵º̹ϣʧ
֮󣬷őUܰȴһעⱣ׼ǰңڵĵطȥ¾巢ʲô¡
漴ͷ͵һƺһɾԵΣĸоȻӿͷĸоԽԽ
һʱ͵𣬵ʱңдѣ
ɫʱȻһУһ߷һ¡
Ľʹ׵ģȻ
ʱ׺ȻһƺһһѪ
ңڵһ˿Ԫ񣬱˳ˡ
Ԫ֮Уң϶Ļ磬Ƭ뿪
仰ʮĴ˳ȻûκεϢ
Ԫ񱻳ȥԾ԰ԵֶΣײˡ
ΪԪˣ׸вĺֻ̨ʮˡ
зԪȻҲа취֪ͨǿĽ
赱Ԫ𣬷ԪȻܵشӦõѹǱ˱һĻ
ıȽҲԥŮʾһֱ֮ӿٵͨĵطŲƶȥ
ִŲڵı̬ʵκ谭
ңΪӦԪ񱻷ϳĵֱӴŲƳ˴˴
ȻЩ䣬ϣң벢ûȥϣľżܹ֧žõ㣬ԽĺޣֻǺѣ
˲ŲƳʱƬռ䣬̲סĲ
÷˴őUܰںԼȴֱӵŲ˹
Ů֪ûκ
˿̣һ֣ʱӦһ
Ӵľż󷨣˿Ѿң֮УѾ˹ȥֻʣ֥֧š
һݵҧѪȾ͸ˣȴȻε֧ת
˿̣ڹ󷨵ģһɫףа꣬ɫıըһͷͭɫƤһ˫ƺܷųһĹԲľĿ
忴׸ߵԵʮֵĺˣ
һ֮£ײɾһԽɫľ޳ӣʵǿ֮
ߣһɫս׵΢˺üֵӡ
ӣģƣûжٸı䣬׵ĵ裡
Сӣٲ˵䣬һܣ󷨣ֶܼãߣ
ɫս˵Ŀһ㣬ĳ֮еңꡣ
ԲͬЦܵС˵˭أб½֮Уүүһϸ£
ǽɫսɫһ䣬漴һ
˵գ͵Ķһɫľ޸Ȼ͵һͷ˹ȥ
ǿȻʹնͬʱռ䣬Ϊ޷޴ľֱӵ˿ĺڰ϶ͿռӿǾ޴󷨶Ȼ
һ̣Ҳһ죬նɷɵȻǰ
״һ
һ㶣漴ͷһ
ʱնɷɵ«ڶȻ򿪣һɰɫĹâֱӶȻ˽ͷϣ
ۡ
һ̣ԴȻ䱻նԪƺ˲䱻ߣ
ֻǣ׻ûüжǹͷǶȻٴεķȻֱû˽ǱնƾľȻνȥ
ױûָնɷɵܽɱ˶ڶԷ㶯ˡ
⣬һۺڴԲǿߣ
׵ж˳漴ɫ˼أ
׽«һģ«ֱӷ֮Уң꺧һ漴ȴ׵ʲôһûо⡣
«ֱӵķ֮УɫĹâң˶Χ
ʱǽɫ׳Ŀ⾯Ķף˸ǿҵս֮⡣
һ˿Ѫ˿Ȼ֮ǰȻ⧲˲˺
ⷨȻ˵ãƬ㲻
ǽɫź
׻ûлظ֮شӦο˿ʵȫָﻹ
ң潻Ƭôһ̣Էɱڣ
ıԪʹ죡ͬмЦ

ŭˣ
һ̣һɿֲȻ˿ռ䣬ʱ侲ֹɲǣԷȴǶˣ
ʱշ򣡡״󾪣ȴû˿Ķ
䣡
һ޸ݺݵĴͷ£ֱӽһΪ
ԪܴɫȻҰһƬԪ˲϶ΪһȻһ̣廯һɫķɽ
ɽ
һ̣ھͬʱǷŭ
ԷȻռ䷨Լ򣬶˻صķ򹥻
ãܺã
˵ţ漴ޱķ콣塪ն֮һУ
ۺڣܷӳǴ˿̣ȫ֮£ﵽԲǿʹóġ
˵۷壬ͽĲ಻ԶĻôۺھǴľˣ
һز
䣡
һ蹵Ȼؼ䣬Ȼ󣬾޴ʹñػڻ֮е裬Һһʱ㿦һȫ촷ۣ
ʱ򣬽Ҳ¶˼˵ľ֮ɫͬʱɫҲĿ£
˫͵ĳȥֻǣ⸫ͷδ𣬶Ȼ㱻ɱ촷ۣ
һ̣ɱ¾Ҫϯġ
ʱȻ䣬һɸ˾ˣһˣ漴֣˻ȥ


503 ŭ2
֮ǿԶ
ңƣ뵱һ˼ƣ
Ȼ׿Կ϶ԷǸˣͬƣȴû˿٣
ʱ̣Ȼˣ
ȻǰǿޱȣҲǼලһͳ켶ڸػάְ
ײΪʱԷĳֲҾ߽ڷŭΪԷȻڽɱһ̣׼Ľߣ
ά֮⣬ʵ̫ˣһ֪Եı̻
Ȼ׸ոƽ֮УһӰ𽥵˼֣һʱ׵Ժ֮У󵨣СΪȴش֣ѲΪĹôģ
Ŀɭ֣ɫȻ
ԷάҲˣǻĳӣ춯ֻǶᱻԷĨɱˣ
Ͼһִ磬ɱͬһۣʵ㲻ʲô£һʥ֮ǿߣǲΪһССۣȥġ
Ҳ˵ˣ˿̣ԷףɱĴȨ
Ȼ׷޸ϣҾѣʵϣ׸ǿԿۺڵĴԲǿߣǱؾʵǿҲܿԽǵ޴ĺ蹵ġ
λˣмֱͲм֮ǰɱңȴΪβʱֹɱֵܼǰŲһ
ң֮ǰҲոӦǿٻ֮ѣ
󵨣£Сģʼĩ֮
Ӱȵ
Ӱл㱵ģʮƮȻҲ¶
ɫٴεıЩѿһᣬĿ֮¶׹⣬ʥǿ԰ѳֽ֮ˣʥӻһСС𣬻ͼɱڲɣߣ
Ӱ΢΢һ£ȻʥЦ֮ҽձɱ㣬ִΣΥأ
ӰûἰǸǿߣֱһȻʧǰ
ʱ׶ʱòˡ
ǱܵģһִѾ׼õľżƷػ󷨣ͬʱһΪݣ㣬ɢ֮У
ʱһ޴ٿ£
䡪
Ȼһռ䣬޴ĲγһεľȻ󷨿ռȥ
ǡ
Ȼȫһ̶Ȼһ̣ѪɫɫվһߣĿĶӰ
Ӱһʧܣһ£ƺû뵽УԷһڵǿߣȻԿһУ
һµĶƬ̣ٵ˻ᡣ
һھѪ͵նɷɵ«ϣͬʱ˲ٴεܻΪɽ״̬ͬʱսװȫȫĿ
콣֮Уں֮һεʹ˳һΣֻǽе壬Ǽеһ㣬Ȼǿеѹ
ۣȻѧģĳЩˡ
תٶȣСĽӴȻĳһеõ
ƺǺȻӦ׵ĶӰƺ΢΢ĲмЦ漴Įĵ
ⲻĻʱʾƺҪ׳׵Ĩɱ
׵񣬶֪λ𣬲˶ȻͽѲ˸ϵ
Ӱո׼ȻֻͷȻ䱻һɰ׹סˣʱһմӦԪ۳ͷ­㶸Ȼ䱻ն䣡
ǰ׹ƺӦԪȻһڰɫĹâֱӽԪ͵ȥ
ȻشӰŭˣһ̣͵ʾΣ
ʱıѾõĹȻ٣
ȥ
˴һ¶һݵĿݣ
ء
ۡ
ڷɽԷɲǣױ㱻ԷкȻֵͬһķݺͷ
ͬģǱݺݹһ£Դ͵ķɳԶ׵壬ȻɽݺݵĴ̴˶Է壡
һɾ޴͵ڶԷһȻûԷԪȴҲʹöԷԪ󴴣
ۡ
Ӱ۳Ϊʵ壬ݺһȻ˿ڴ͵һķɽʱ㱻ȫ˶Էڣ
һ̣ܻΪһֱɢ˳
ֻǣûе۳ΣԷһݺ׸۳ε壬ʱٴεһҳΪΣ
һ̣ٴεĻָԭģֻɫѾ԰ֽǹŴѪҺ
꣬ȴҲͬĲùĿݵĶףȴûжද
һĨɱУȻ˲ĥӡļɵ֮ģɼһߣ
ãܺã
ɫϴŷŭݵЦݣȻֱӳһŽ˸ĵҩ
ⵤҩһ޴׶оȫ滺˲١
ôһ׶˲٣ԺҲ˺ܶ࣡
һ㣬ֵҩƷΣֻǼˣ
ױͶȴûмǿĵҩƷĹԪ޷㵤ҩȣ
Ҳ뵽Щ׵ɫӵѿ
ûʲôȶԷõĵҩ׺ԥųƷĹԪԻָʵ
ԷȻͣЪĻᣬֻǽɫĵҩ֮ѸٵվȻɷ˵ĳ׹
ȻԷսپ׵ʵãĨɱ
˿̵ףٴζֵʱҲΪ
𣬹Ȼ𣬼ֻԪ̬Ȼô󣡡
̲סи̾ͬʱĵҲʮֵƽ
޿ɱ⣬ôһˣʱ򡭡
ûж룬׼ŵҩ˲ָĲͶԷƴʱ׺Ȼ
ΪʱоһɸӿֲȴƽϢ
Ϣ嫡㡢ƺޱ޼ʣʵޱȵĴΧĿռ֮С
֪죬ʱ̧ͷգȴһվڲ֮ȻֳӰһ㣡
ӰʱƬ̺Ӱͱõ˼֡
ػְ֮֮·ȵӰæͷӦʣȫʧˡ
ʧ֮ǰƺӦһ֮ϢȻԺ֮С
΢΢һݣ֪ԹŭʹԼĪ
Ǹǿߣһֻ֮ǵĿһۣ΢΢ͷʧ
״վԭأһʱЩ֪롣
ʱϺȻطһɽ⣬⣬ǽ
˿̣͵ķɶݣٶȼ죬ɲ֮䣬ɶŲƣǼԶȥƺ˲ʧ
һ֮£дŭﻹĵӵŭȵܣ
׵һ´ݶѪϧģȻ䳯ŽȥȥٶҲǼ죡
ֻǣǽǴ񣬱óٶȣϱͨѪɶݣٶʵ̫ˣһ֮䣬Ѿ뿪Զ
׷Ƭ̣ʵвε̾Ϣһ
ڴ˿̣ǰⶸȻȻͬʱһɽ֮ͬĳϣ
ķ֮֮󣬾ȫ޷
Сôĵӣ
һɫȻǰ
ǿĲ˲֮ġ
⣬ʥ˵Ϣ
ɫƺѪԵһϢҲЩϤĸо
УƺĪ˼֡
ˣС֪ˣСԭܷϽĵ
΢΢ľԽĸ߰ģȴǲ˿̺Ȼ㡣
ףȴû˵
ǽɫƺӦʲô΢΢һ٣һۣǹԲ֮Ув֮ɫ
漴һǽɫȻһɫս׵Ĺװӡ
ü絶£һ˵ƣߵƣ
ˣӦ֮صķӡΧ˴ģ֣ͬ𣬻֮أ죡ش˽Ƕ˴Ѫأǿл˵
ƽ۹װ˵
׶Ȼκβ⣬ϾΪǿߣش֣ռ䣬ռݣʵشˣ
Ѫأ׵ģɻһ¡
ǳɾͣ䣬ԪĳޣڱѪؽǺΪ֮
˵ţһģռ䶸Ȼת
һ̣׺Ȼ֣˿ѾһɭȻĿռ䣬ǽҲ֪ȥ
֮ǰ׵ķѾ֪ͨ˵ˣǰң֮ңǰѾҪ׵ʲôˡ
£ͷϵһ£ֲûʲô޷Ӧ飬Ȼ
ͺñȵһַֻֻ֣ǳĳָֻӦʲô֮жǻӦġ
ʵҲǲġ
˵֮뵽Ȼ˵Ԫģǲл꣬ôɥʧһеĿԣ㲻ڣǣѰǵĻҪԵˡ
һ㣬Ҳǿ
Ѫأ
ǻһУһ۵Ĺװӣʱǰ
֮ǰʩչֶν˵Ǹɫˡ
֣Ԫ֮УȻԯһѪͳ㵽Ժδ
ͷʵ⻰ûзӦ׶Ϊ֮һ
Ϊ˳ֵ̫ͻأˣϢġ
΢΢һݣ漴뵽ʲôһ㣬¶һ˿ɻǰԯƵۣ
΢΢һ漴Ҳػˣȷʵʬ֮һڵ͵λĴС
ʬһݣЩ˼֮ɫ
ԵˣҲգұ㡣ԯƵ۵΢΢̾Ϣ˵
⣬ϣڴһİ
ԭ磬ɻΪ翪졢磬˽硢ɽ硢ɽ磡
ֻΪһЩʱգһعϴ
λǸӵģ˵ڴĹ£ȥںδڻңԿռķչǲȶ
ʮǰٵأ»棬ں붫Ϊһ壬仮Ϊ˽硢硢ɽ硢硣
ЩҲѾס
ԣɺȻӽ֣ԯƵ۵ĳ֣ٵѾԼĲ²⵽һЩʲô
ȻԯƵ˵ννʬնȴʬɾʥˣ˵γ֮󣬲ĳΪ
ȻγʬǳΪһΪﵽ۴Բǹؼ
ҪʥǲеģΪʱĳЩ£նȴһЩȣ޷ٴοԽ磡
һδ֮У磬һӦٿռ䣬Ҳ»ֻĿռ䡣
Ĳλ֣Ӱ˻Ȼ桢ɡΪնʬʥḶ́壬֮С
ʱŻȻԭûϺʱ򣬾߽ѵһεعĹ֮УҲѹһ·ޱȡ
˵ˣΪʲô·ΪʲôҲ·ڲλ棬Ů洵ˣȻڣ
Щǵķɣ
ЩǷŮʥڳʥ֮նȴʬʬع壬ȥ
Ҳ˵ЩδγɵĹȥ
ԯƵ۵˵ƺʲô֪һ
ףԷǿ֪̽ɻѡ
ʲôδγɵĹȥۣ״Ϊͷʹ
ǿҲܴϻۣۣҲֻķˡ
ΪЩ棬ȷʵһúܹ죬ͺñǡʱĸۡһ
ͺñȣһδˣصȥɱĸһֱǺܹһ¡
Щյͷε޶ۣʵڲǰ˼


504 ԯƵ
׵ʱͻˣڵΪ̫úðλɡ
ԯƵº͵˵
ԣ˵ͷǷͱһ㣬ɻô˵裬һǿߵ򣬱ȴ򡣡
ǺǣⱾܻʬһ;ˣɱá
˳ȫڴͨߣɱͺɱԼ˫Ϊ˿һ㣡
֮ˣȻۡ
ԯƵЦ˵ԴЦ׸оԼǵСϷ͸ˡ
Ҳ΢΢죬ӦеĹǿǿߵǾûʲôɻɣ
ԯƵ۵˵ͷڸߵʵĵ򣬵ͼʵ֮ǿǰģǷͲˡ
ڷδ飬Ҫɵʲô
ţԯƵۼ˵ܶż֮󣬾ˣֳԪʹֻ֮أѰһ޷已̥֮ںϣⲢ죬ѡǻһ壬Ҳһ˶ϣҲЩ±ʥǿߣ᲻á
ԣв΢΢ҡ
ںʲôֱӴżԪɵ飬±ᱻɱˣá
Ȼֺĳͷطǳˣ
΢΢ףлǰָˡ
Ǻǣһټһ״ҺúŬаɡ
ԯƵ׵ļȻôƾʧˡ
ЩĪĿԯƵ۾ô뿪һʱ֮仹Щš
ϾԯƵ۵˵ôḶ́ǲӵģֻΪλٽһ𣬲ų˻ҡ
Ϊʥ˼ǿߣȻ׵Ҳһ㾳ǿ󣬵Ǻʥ˱ȴ̫졣
ǿߣȴǿһĺԼ̸
׿ɵ治ŽΪʲôѪѣ
뵽ԯƵ˵Լǽ֮ˣЩϣĻ׽ֹһ
ΪʥˣҲǷǿģˣ״˿̣һ߶ѣʥǿ߿ϵģȻǱ߻
޷жҲףЩ飬׾ˣҪȥʲô
ЩأܶȻ޷͸Լ䣬Ҳ֪ЩǸܣһֻ¶֪
ԯƵ۸ˣôͱһĳɼ
ԯƵҲ˵ȻһƬ֮أһƬɱ¾֮أҲͬӵžԵĻᣡ
ѺѪ֮еģһЩ̫ޡһЩ֮ˣһЩʥ˳ʥ֮ǰķ
뵽ЩҲЩȣͬģҲ֪ʵȫһʸǿǰҲֻϵȶѡ
ϾǿߣѪأΪģԽҲû̫սɱ
ԣڶݵ˼Ƭֱ֮ӻɽ״̬Ȼڸ۲ӦһȻһżƷ󷨡
󷨣Ϊ߱޴ɱΪڲԻǿᣬҷǿ󣬲Ҳӣʹܺ׵Ľͷų
޽磬ʯҲ޳÷͵ȡԺ֮ʯޱȡ
ԣʯ󣬻ʮַġ
ңεɱǿߣ׵˽֮У˵ʯƷΣӦоС
׽֮Уȫ˿ط˵ֲʱ˷ëգвʹ졣
ûʲôǿĽƣûо޴΢񣬱о޴ħ֡
ңͬص֮أͬա
գʮֵĲӦз£ǰγǿҸо
ؿʼվʲôѹһ㣬о˵Ĳ
ʵѾɵָоǱҪ˼֣뵽ԼɽǿᣬױȻˡ
һˣĻֻʱᱻħˣģͱһֱѹţֱ֮û䡣
ɹĶľţвȥ׹Ԩٲ
ǱѪǱѪ֮У˵֮ǱѪصʼ֮أѪأǱѡ֮ˣҪصĿ飬ܳɾ
룬Źʮ꣬ұѾ
Щ̾Ȼʼָ
һκͽսױˣӰ֪ս׸ϼˣǿԯƵ۽ֹֻǴ˿̣ѾĨɱԪ񣬳׻ҷɣɢ֮䡣
ײٶ룬ȫľȻĬĬ޸š

ڿԲˣоʵ̫ˡ
ǰǿ֮أȶUĵ˵
˿̣׽֮ǰ˵һ֮жʱҲһ
΢΢һЦĻλޣĿ֮ɫܰһ·ٻ֮ȥ
һ·ϣUֱܰŹһУԶң֥ڻܵĽ̸ţ֪ûΣ֮Ҳ˲١
ڱѪصΣգڶ׵ľţԼ׷ߵԵʣǾġ


³һѪѪɫڻָ
طرҲűħɺ󷢷ۣģΪʵ̫ǿõѡ٣ɼͬһ㣡
׼򵥵ķһ£󷨣ƶȻͬʱ˫ۣĶܡ
ſӣ׽̤նɷɵ«˲Ҳǰȥ

֣һ˫ڶʱŮӣԶȥķĿ˸ʡ
ˣǿ
Ůӵ˵
һɫĹâһţһܺȻˣˣɱ


505 ɫʥ黨1
磬̫嶯ˣ
ŮüͷЩĵ
ɫս׵ɫȻ˼֣Եúѿĵ㲻Ը⣿
Ů̾Ϣһ磬СòԸ⣬Ҫ֪Ҫʲô
ɫս׵ɫ΢Ȼ˼֣ųֻв̫󣬶ʵ˵ãȽ£ȻԺо޴鷳
Ůٴοһɫս׵ӣȻЩĵ磬ִ̫ԲˣҲܰæǵĹϵ᲻𣿡
Ů֮͸©ޱȵϣͬʱ֪̾Էɱ㣬Ҳպޣ޲ýʬΣڣǵҪķһεĻϣʲô鶼ûн֮ǰͶһǿĵ˷
ѪΣ֮Ҳʱе˳֣Щˣһʮֵǿģ
£ȥɱˣʲôô
ֻҪɽۻŽһ壬Ȼʲô
ʱ򣬻ĳѾɱֻ˶ѣôվݴͣģʤ㼫󡣡
Ůϸķ֮УҲм֮⡣
ǽɫս׵ԣȴ˲֮ɫһʱ䵹Ҳû˵ʲô
ɫսӣȻǽλŮӣȴڤǽĶá
еܣһӡ
ʵ˲ֵܣǻܻʱ򣬽ڤȴһ֮֮һͬ
൱һĸԴȫںɣʵϣȴ㲻ֵܽá
һϵ˻֮䣬ΪܣҲֵóƺ
ѪأΪֵԭ򣬶ӥڤȴǱѡٶ
Ȼûгֺ׶սһĻռƻĻôٹһʱ䣬ҲǻᱻѡٽѪصġ
һŬʹԼƽźݺݵĵ棬ʵǱҵ½ȥ˵ʱȻûбɱĻҲݵҪȰң
ڤ˿Ը³çˣĲ֪κε˶֮ģԷȻʵ˵ãȴƴ£Ķ֣
ȴȻҲ֪ܲ⡣
µĻǱ躹ޣʤСӣȥͷʹɣ
ã˵ǣΪ³çˣ𽥵ƽȴɢһĵ˲
⣬ҽڤĴ磡
ŮӽڤĽʮ˵
ǣ߰ɣӦѾָ״̬ˣҲСЩ
Ȼ˵˿̣֮ǰսڤȰ֮󣬽һ³çеԸҲý

Ѫأ治ϺõļƷҩģ鱦ͬնɷɵı
ȻΣգͬķǳ
棬Ŷ۴Բǿߣû֪
ǣϾ磬ۣȻ۵ıʮֵͣھ޴˿ԴĻ۵ĿҲʮֵľˡ
ң޽λ棬Ǻ޵λ棬רħħλȵȣͳһ磬ɴ˿ɼ۴Բĸ֣ɼһߣ
״˿СĵѹֵĻ֮зţȫ֮Ҳӵ˼ޡ
ȫ͸֮УȻĲת壬ʹ£ĳһǰ
׽Ѫصĵ졣
֮ǰзʽѾ˹
ΪУʵһ¡
״Сս߳ÿһ죬Ҫһ죬ΪУɱˣǴﵽ߸ɱҲﵽ˿ֲĴΣ
ֱڶ죬зʽֻδɱ
£֮ǰ׻ǿ֮ǰٴεһδɱ
ʱףȫĽϢͬʱǰһӽȴûΣա
һǳǿߣϷս׵ȣҲǼƷɫɱ٣ȻԼø
ϾһżƷǿߣȻһŵӷûзǿҪĳһ㡣
⼸εİɱȻһ˵ѣˣȴûӵǱֱĨɱԺ«նɷɵԪȻȡϵķ
ֻǺܿϧЩ˵ķȻ˵ãǲϵķãֻǽ洢˽֮С
˿̣ԽĹɽȻʮϸСķɽͬһ㣬ڿ֮У˳Ӧǰȥ
ȻҪһ㣬Ҳ׳ܵķΧ֮ڡ
ң׻ܵԭǰѧԭģ뵽Щ棬׸ǽϸСķɽȻԭһϣγɸ̬
һ򵥵ģϵı仯ͨ
ʲôʮ䡢˾֮ģ̬֮ĺô
Զһ峺С׵ĸӦ֮С
ˮĽضһƬ޴ɭ֣԰ǲľͽӽʮ׸ߵһܶ͵ɽ¡
ɽϣ򳤳ܶ಻֪ľһľԱߣһɫĻš
ȻϺڣɫĻ꽻Ե˵һϣһϢ鶯
էۿȥʱм产ȻΪ켶ҩģȻ
ⶫҶʥ黨䰵ͨУ֮
κˣֻҪ㹻ǿᣬҶʥ黨ħϰڣ
Ҳ˵ֻҪޣҶʥ黨֮󣬽һ·޿ߵʥ˵ľ磡
Ϊʥ黨䰵ͨС֮˾ˡ
ֻǣףҲΪż˵ĶڣһǵڲλԶǿߵʱţⶫĴڡ
ȻԸʵ˵ãΪտҪ˵ͻۺڴԲ֮Ѷǿ֪
ңҲ޷ܣĽħţϾɱԽ࣬ĽħȻԽأǲɵġ
׿ⶫĵһۣ𾪣ǵڶۣΣˡ
ֻΣУң׸оⶫ̺ľ޴ΣգԲڵԵġ
ȫ֮£ǿɱۺڴԲǿߵģǿߺܶĻôȻۡ
ңۺڵĴԲǿߣҲǿģǿߵһ׶Ȼ֡
ϾģһֲǾӢ֮أ
׽ٴϢȻܻΪյ׶ˣİ
㣬﷢κζ׶޷
ַãҲоԼƣҲԽԽˡ
һУల¡
ӱߣˮţĺˮȻЩǺӵһУɳʯͷһʮ
ӱߵˮݣҲǶ£Եú״
һһŴԱߵһƽɫʯͷ£Ŀɽ΢ϳΪһͷͶݵײɭֵĵһ
ٹƬ̣ȻûʲôӱߣĲӣ
ˮгɭİ
ԽǾԽΣ٣һ㣬ס
ȻֻƬ̺һӰȻԶӰʧ׵ĸӦ֮С
΢΢˾ǿԶԷʵĸӦǿף޷͸
ˣʵֻңҲ֣
˵漴һɽУȻĹۿ˵ж
Ƭ̣˱Ѿ˺ˮϷһ̣Ѿɫǰ
ʱˮ֮йһţպݺݵһ֮׾ǸоǰǸӰټ
ֻһ̣Ա߲ԶδһӰȻ֣ǹŴѪģǱ
ʱԭкȻΪ鼴ȴǲ룬ǺӰɶԶͬʱɫĻԱߣȻٶһӰ
һ̣׶ʱԭǺӰ֮ǰֶˣթѣֻԡˡƭȡЩֶΣȻ˲֣
ԣӰʵֻ˵ҲۺڴԲʵ
ڣ׸ûô룬Ϊ֪ͲǴ˵Ķ֣⿴Էһ֣֪ĻӦʮֵ
ֻǣ׻ŵʱǱ䶸
ɫĻ䣬Ȼ͵ĻûΪһֻͨɫĹߣȻһڽ׼ȡɫʥ黨ĺӰ͵̵˿У
ССͷȻſ֮󣬴ͬһſ˵һ㣡
Ǽ˸ɫâݣѪɫľ޴ӣ׻亹乣
⡪Ҳ̫˰ɣ
׿ͷΪǺӰ˽ȴû뵽ɫѾ͸İϷ˽ƾͼƶѣ
ǺӰһ߿֮󣬵Ĳҽ
վûֻܴһƺ֮ȻӰƺԶʧˡ
ͷΪأȻѾ֪طΣգɽ̬ͷ侲˼㣬ҲʮֵϬĻֻ̲סȥʥ黨ˣ
Ҫ֪ʥ黨һΪӵУƳΪ߿ʥ鵤Ļ˺͵ľ޵ʥ˵ľ磡
ʥ˾磬֮ϣһ㣬ֻκ˿ƴΣȥԵģ
ϾⱾΣյĻ֮УκηҩϣһֻԵеΣգеģȴûжΣգ
ʹΣոӵĿֲ
ǺӰʵǿᣬȴȻΣճ̶ȣҲ
ôõĵҩϰǹ߱仯ˣҩģѾˣҪȻҲǲ֪仯Ϊģģ
ͷ


506 ɫʥ黨2
ǺӰʵԾȶԷͲ٣ײûд㽫߸µͷ
ȻߵӦõȷɫʥ黨ЧĲ٣ǼȻѾ߳ˣҲͰˡ
ڽ׽ãȻƳΪҩ뷨Ҳûһɫ޵ޣȻ涾ޱȣƳɵҩЧãҲͬĶȻ綾Ч
գʵǺֵܲá
״˿̼ǳһʱȴͷֻΪ˿ǺӰ˵Ԫ񣬶һ˫Χ׼ǿ˿ҲκεĴ⡣
ڲϵǺӰ˵Ԫʱ򣬾޴ͷ沿¶˼Իܵģֱ۾ӣһĿĸо
־׽Ĺ̺ɵḶ́Եߵ沿ʵ˺Ȼ
ܻΪģûǿɱ£㳡ʵ˲
뵽֮ǰǺӰƺ֮Ҳһķë
׸մ׼ޱ˫ʳ׼˲뿪ȴ䣬żļ߱ŵ˫Ŀ֮У΢΢ƤµĿ֮еһƾ⣡
һƹâһţϸ۲죬ȻԷ֣
ǣ״˿̴һʯͷ棬ϵľȣȴǸպôһرĽǶȸоâ
΢΢һݣʱһ£׶ʱֻ֪ܣҲǹΪ֮ˣ
Ȼƺ֣ΧݷһЩˣһЩʵӵ
֪Ѹٷɶ뿪Ǻƴˣ
ͷһ׶ʱ뵽ĿǰʵȻ̫ǿ֮棬ǰ޹˵ˣ
ǾԷʶˣԼһֱҲû¶쳣Ҳûʲô仯ľȻЩȴѵõ򶨡
ҧҧ˾ȻСĵûκζ
һ̣ȴһ˻⣬ܡǺӰ޷ȥٶȣ֮ǰǺӰٶȸǿ
ߣƺʲôûзһȻۣڳ鶯䶯ţȻڼǺӰˡ
⣬ƺʲô˷ܵһ㣬ʱٴμ٣ͬʱһڵɫһĶ
˿ֻ̣ײ֪ΣˣֻҲ׶༪ˡ
ߣֳһУһյϵƭļƲ߶ѣ
ƲߣȴϵʹһЩ۴Բĸ棡
ԼûиӦһƺ֮ʱҲֻ뱩¶ԼӶɱɣ
ױԪ壬˲֪һޣߣȻԪ
ޣЩ׵ɽ״̬ƣײ˼ɵ
Ȼ׺˼ʱߺȻһβͶѿȻȻǻɫһķȻ͵һ
ۡ
һķ˿ܴػʱ㷢µ
ǵˣȴ͵һͣȻ۵һѪۡ

˿ȴǼ
Ȼ־֮󣬶ʱ̲סͷħҡҡ׹
ʶһ֮У
Ƭ̣ױָã˿̣д󺧣ʱһǳɫķĿЩһˡ
βͲŷ͵һ꣬ȴû뵽ⷨӲ֮βϱų˻𻨣ʱŭ֮
޴ͷȻѪֻͬ޴ĵ˸ѪĹ⣬ĶβͲס

ǷٴεҵʱβͺݺݵĹǷ
ȻҲ֪ⷨѶԸǲٿط֮ˣоѪⷨϵ˺
ǵԭƲ˿ȴǾήңһҰ׵ֽͬһ㣡
ǡ
ȻǾס߷һʹ꣬ʱЩˡ
ǵˣ˿̸ϵѪҲҡҡ׹վȡ
ƺЧһҲ⣬͵ٴ̧ͷſ޴Ŀڣ͵һܣ̵֮У
ʱԭήҲĵˣȴǶȻѪ⣬ʧǰ
ʱͣһߵβͣȴһ飬ʱβƺޱߵĳȣȻѪݵĵ͵ק˻ݺݵˤڵϡ
ǵһεɫһ㣬ƴƺҪԱ
ڶҪѪں͵һ˫۵ʱǵ˫ĿȻһãȻ󣬾޴Ŀռ֣ǵٴεıȥ
ħǿǵ˱ˣμ黫ûӳ޵ģ
кȻǲٴξٴεϢ˼֣ȻȻķɽҲȡ˻
Ѿʶ޵ĺֶΣĻǻۣȻǲʲôġ
һױһֱûг֣ҲûѰֵĻᡣ
Ϊߣ֮󣬱ٴεĴƬλôҲûĶ
ֻǣȫĲСˡ
׾΢΢ӦߵһУʣһöӷɽεգ۲һС
߾ʱűܵļɵǿߵͶ̳ԵˣȻԪֳȡ䱾֮С
̣Ȼлᣬȴû뿪׼ĹĦ
ٹ˰ʱûеǰײɲ˼֡
ƺҲѾʧȥԣܵĶӦһ£лԵɻֻƬ̣㵭ȥˡ
һ̣߱㳯Ǻӱ߲ԶĻɽȥ
ȻԭأȻһĵضΣȫ𽥵ɢ߲֮ɫȻ𽥵ĻΣγһȫ߲ʹâŵŮӡ
Ůӣòȣ˵Ļ
ңǱɫĹâţǳ壬ҲǼ𺳣
Ϊ⸱壬۴޳ȣصĹȵشƽСǰȻ˫壬Ǿµʮֵˡ
Ȼ޻εḶ́
ֻǣΪƺ̫̣ԼĪһ£Ҫһʱɣ
Ǵ˿ѾܵϵϢƺŨңҩĵϢŨҼ֣ȴû˼ȥЩǶȻ仯һ磬ƮƮںķУȻŶƮȥ
ŮƺΪɻٴοһۣȻЩģĿܣȻ˼֡
һ̣ŮӺȻ󾪣ȻѸٵ˻ߣɽϷɭ֮гȥ
ʱףѾӷнɢ˳ƺܵ˶ֱӴŲƵĳǰ
һ̣漴ɢ˴ŲƵ漴͵ر仯һСݣֱռԭһСݵ塣
һ̣һǰԶĶܿ˿ȻֽǾ޴ͷᣬ˫Ŀ֮¶޺֮ɫ
ܸӦΣŻ⣬ǰȥ
һ̣ű仯ɵСݣȻܻΪһֻȻ뿪ķ˹ȥ
صɫʥ黨ĵط׻ϸţȻ˫֮У¶˺Ȼ֮ɫ뼫ľϲ֮ɫ
漴׻Ϊ壬ֱѸٵں⿴͵ɽϣƬ̣ױ㽫еһ󷨷ӡ򿪡
ӡһʱ¶ɫʥ黨
״ϲʱһѼնɷɵ«ȵɫʥ黨գ
նɷɵʱ³һڰ׹⣬ֱӽɫʥ黨ȦͬʱʱȻҵĲɱʱ
״󾪣͵һھѪں«ϣ«ֱӽɫʥ黨͵«֮Уȴ˲仯⣬Ŵ󷨵ͨȻȻ˲䳯ŲӶȥ
Ųơ˲Ѫɶ֮ʩչȻܻ仯ľӲݡʯͷȣ׵һ֮ء
һͣճһȻ˿
ԶǸط˿Ѫ졣


507 ѩ
ɫʥ黨ŪĶ֮󣬼ֱǷ˼ġ
Ͼ鱦ǿ
⻹ֻĪʥϢǶڼͻۺڵǿ
˾һȺ֮ͽѪأۺǿߵĿ򣬵һʱڳɾģҲһѣ
Ǿ֮һļʣҲûԸ
ɴ˿ɼһſлͻƳԽľĶǻᣡ
ˣײܸоɫʥ黨ڵĵط˿Ӧɱ¾֮
ײ˿иΪرϢǿߵǰҲҴ⡣
Ͼһɽһɽߣ֮ʵײΪԼల¡
ԶɽԱߡ
ػ⣬ʱȫ
󷨣֪
󷨣ػɫʥ黨㾫ͨ󷨵ʦǿĿƬ̣Ǳ룬ʱ󷨻Ǵδ״̬
һ󷨿ף޷ȫˣοһЩ󷨲̫еۣ
˿̣ŮȻصġ
һصʱֻǼ򵥵Ŀһۣɫ㶸Ȼ֮ɫ
ǧ꣬Ȼ˱˵ĵɽ֮ƣߣˣܺã
Ůӿе͵͵˵ɫʱŤ
ͬʱɫһѪȻֱһɫʥ黨֮С
֪ɫʥ黨ʧ֮󣬵һ뷨Ǿ޴ķŭڶ뷨ǽˮ׵Ľ룬ȻȥѰ͵֮ˣ
Ͼһ˶ʼĲĻôôʼ޷˿ģʱɫʥ黨˭жпܣǿԣȴ̫С
ԭɫʥ黨һ֮ھǿԿɵģ֮󿪲ɣЧѵġ
ҲǴЧѵʱŲȴǲ⵱о䶸
ڣҲѾãŮдޣܻɫʥ黨֮֮һ֮енȫ򿪣Ȼһ£ķȥ
Ů뿪󲻾ãһȺȺۣ׷׼
Ȼڿ˵ʱɫЩѿ
ǣĳЩʱûг֣Ǽͬʱһе֮гȥ֪ʮֵĿֲҲһ
㣬һ־ڵ̬
۱ϾۣϾǴԲĸ֣϶ЩƷķסƬ̣ҲδУ
ңһõɫʥ黨ֱɶ£ôʵ棬ȻѸٵߣһñ˾ͷɫʥ黨ʳ֮󣬱޷ġ
һӰͬâһ㣬ֱ޾֮С
˿̣ȴٴܻΪ磬Ųһȥ
ڵ滯Ƭ֮еϢѾʧ󣬻磬ѡһ
ֻҪԽǺֵķλȻʲô
ңڵˮѾʮֵĻңѪأҲ࣬˶ԷҪжϵĻѶȻǲСġ
Ҳܲ²⵽ԷֺӦûŭȻˮøӵĻ룬Ȼһǰ׷ɱ
ȻаŮӿʮֵȴû˿ĺжԵ˼ΪԷʵ̫ǿˡ
һ·ƮƮķǰȻżлŲ֮Ӱȴûܷ
ЩˣȻҲǳķȥȻҲΪɫʥ黨
˼ȫĿն˻Ϊ״̬Ưٶȴû˿Σա
Сʱ֮׺Ȼӿһɲõĸо
һƬïܵɭ֣ɭ֮УûΣգȴϸĽ䱸š
һֱɭ֣ǰһƬԭϵش
ɫĲݵأлɫĻһγһƬ֮ء
֮һۿߣ˵ļ
֮أײûмʲôӰҲûиоʲô
΢΢˿ǣһ̣ȫ͵һͬʱëȻ䵹ͷƤ͵һը
д󺧣ܵģֱһ˲ƣ˲ʧԭء
һ̣ԶĵϣһСݣСݺͱСݶûκεĲͬ
ǣ֮ǰڵĵطȻռҵĲһ£Ȼһ̣һŮӣΪպ޵ĸӦܡ
ߣȻѩ㽫˿ռ䷽ԲȫƣȻһѻⷽԲȫΪҷˣ
ŮӣѩŮ˵
Щ࣬ȻֶȴǲԷˣ
֪ԼأҲƬ̶ѣ޲
״СֱܻΪĿԳĿֱŮѩ
ѩ˿ŭĵף޲ó˺Ѫһ㣡
㷢ˣǣҺΣҼܴ͵ɫʥ黨ҵĻԵ
֮ˣҲ֪֮Եߵ֮
ޡ˵թʲôԵ㻣Сȥɣɫʥ黨һ
ѩ׹վ˳΢΢ȻȻ˵
ԸŮˣȷʵûʵҪ׾ô־ܵĽҩģҲǲܵġ
΢΢һ㵹Ǻͣʶһ£㻹Լµһ
Цһ漴ƶȻ㵱𾳽ףȫظôһƣ
һѩʱɫȻҰףͬʱ͵Ĵһ߱壬ȻʼڵϿ־Ĳ
ʹ֮ɫǶô裡
΢΢һ㶣漴Щ죬Ϊѩߣʵ˵֮ǺӰʵٱǿ˺ֹȴǱɱ
һͿԿѩߵʵ˵˵ãڣײǿʹõǿչһѡ
Ȼ֪ӦЧģҲܲúͶԷ̸еȨȴû뵽ЧãЩͷˡ
״˿̬ѾЩ仯˵㻷ȻպͲпᣬõ֮󣬸зḻҲòô
ڵϳ鴤ѩߣһ˿ջƣվѩߵԱ߲Զ
ȻԼɵȴʾһƽ
õǿߵƣȷʵʮЧǵ޳ȻҲԼ壬οѩߣҲۺڴԲѣȻȻˡ
һ룬ױȫȻˡ
ԼĪӹȥ߾޴𽥵ĵƬ̺һɫŮӣӨӨվǰԶ
Ůòѩ߻κòž˵ƣƣȴȫĲͬ
һĸоһʮа׽һȴˣԼ
ʣͬһŮϣҲסЩ̾
ѩĿ⸴ӵĿһۣлλ飬ѩϣѷȥձض౨
׵ȻһЦձض౨Ǳɡ
ѩɫһЦĪ˵ûձѩҲǲֵģյ飬ʼҪ˽ġ
΢΢ͷνɫʥ黨㲻Ҫ𣿿Ϣƺɫʥ黨һܾˡ
ѩ΢΢ͷЦˣȷʵǸ˻Ե˵ĲұǧΣҵģʼղҵġ
΢΢˿طѵ˳ǧꣿ
ѩ΢΢ɣЩɻķʵѵѲ֪磬ʵǺıԴôκεطһƬʼջᱣ
ӦӱܵΨһռ䣬ǲġ
΢΢һ㶣Цȷʵ֪һ㣬Ӧں֮ˣǽ֮ģӦһ·Դġ
ѩɫʱЩɫȴǺħһ壬Ų֮Ȼʶ¹ش󣬵ʱϣĪҪ֣
׺ǺһЦԭˣѾѪأںͽĹϵѲ鷳º档
ѩ΢΢¶ɫѣѵʱظô
ŵȻõģҵֶΣֹֻЩõɫʥ黨ҲԶѣЧжã
ѩ¶Ȼ뾪ϲ֮ɫʱʲôˣ૵ѣܽƳɵ
˵ЩʱȻǳļ
΢΢ͷȻֻа˳ңİĻӦоųɰճɹˣʱƵĻӦó߿ţһš
߿ţ
ѩ¶Ȼ֮ɫ漴ЩŹֵĿףƺҪ׵ĵϸһ㡣
飬񷴶ԵñȽϺУûǰ죬ѩҲһԻŮѡ
ɰ֮⣬ȻҲźܸߵ̣˰˵ֶΣҲ
׿ɵ治С⿴ʮֿɰͬСһŮֻĵ׼ɵš
ţӦֻ಻٣ⵤޣֻܷһţⵤˣֳʮţұţ
΢΢
ѩϲһž͹ˣһžˣֻҪɫʥ黨Чʲôˣ
ЩȣҲѩɫʥ黨ڱص֮٣˵ûжʲô
ѣģѩһһŵǧзֻҪҾȻѩѩͽˡ
ѩʮϵ˵
΢΢ͷʾ˾ԵΡ
ۼȫ֮֮ĽȻί߶թȴʲô֮ģҳŵ棬ˡ
ԽΪˣԽŵԣϾһŵûʵеĻǾͻĪ֪Ľᣬʱ򾫽ϣޱȡ
ûѩģҲģֱӵıӦѩҪ
Ҳǵʱ֮䣬ûֽŵĶŵơ
Ļ֮Уԭ޷κ˵ģҪһȥֱǲܵ顣
ûй̶ĶѵĻѪأ϶Դȥ
˵ҪٵսһЩҪźϰ飬԰쵽
˵ȵȣһ㶼ʮֵɣŶػĻۡ
бûжٵҩˣ֮ǰɶݣΪ˰ѵ׷׾Ǵʹõҩָѩǰ˲١
ѩǿ󹥻׵񹥻ʽϵĻ˵ɱֱ
ˣвʮֵ⣬ѩ룬ʮֵĻӭ
Ȼ빲Ķѣôҽһ£ҽףҲǽ޲ʬεס
΢΢һЦ˵
ԭ׵ѣѩѪºѩáѩº͵ҽܵ
΢΢ͷűʵѩѪºѪһ֣棿ѩ˭
ѩԣмį漴ָֻѪº棬ѩǿؼ֮һʵǿ
Ѫºѩء
ѩΪðȻɱԼ֪ΪԣƺΪɾľС
ǰǹǧ꣬ѩȻûѡ
ԣЩ̾ȻڳľʧܣȴʧܵӰ֮У԰Ρ
㲻ȴĸ֮УȷʵҪôʵôһȥֱҪôĳһͻȻȻ𾳽硣
ֻǣնʬḶ́ûô򵥵ģǧ궼ûܸʵĶȻأ˿ֻǻһֱУֱʵɻ޷ܵĵزȻôȥˡ
Ҫʥ鵤ӦΪѩɡ΢΢̾
ѩ˵ͷɫЩį
ֽ֮Уǳ޷ġ
˾̸Ƭ̺ѩ׵ɫͬʱһ䣬漴ɫ


508 Ѫº1
Ȼ˵ͺãõʱҲ
ͬģѩĿУҲ֪ˮֿ󷨣ʹƬػҲ
ˣ˲޼ɵ̸û̫
ֻǣ뻹ûãŶϢԶ߷׺ѩɫͬʱҲһ
ЩˣѵǷˣѩЩɵĵ
΢΢ͷɫصĵǱ뿪ȻѰһ԰ȫĵط˵ʵδȫָ˺Щƴ
˵ʵҲЩԼԭΪԼʵͬûôظ
Ͼѩʱģʵǿֲľˣ
ӵ˵ͷȻѩΪһ㣬ֱԶȥ
ٶȣ˵ļ죬˲䣬㽫ԭû״һЩ˸һߡ
ΪɶݵƬ̺һɫ졢ϻԵЩǱǿߣ׷
кܶǿƬ̺ɫʱʮֵ
ΪǵʵҲȻܵ˿֮вּ˿ֲϢ
һͷŻɫǵӳʵǿߴֻһˣǶԷ֣
ߵһĵĸüͷ㣬˶ȻѾ֣ӶԻ֮ʹҵɱʥ黨Ѿˣ
ˣһϵնһĺ
Χˣ٣Ҳ̸صĻ⡣
һӶԷжȡֻǲʵˣҵо˵
ŶǵӳԸ˿̣ĻѾԪˡ
ȻЩܸӦȴҲûܷʲô쳣
Щ׵ȥˣȴɴ˶ΪµǿϢѾѹȵЩ޷ֿ
룬һ˵Ļô
Щģ뵽һ㣬Ͼ֪ǰˣ
ǣ׵ȻɶԶȥЩȴûץס˲ȥ׷棬ǸԳ
㣬ȴøʱ䡣

ѩٵķɶݣѩϤ׵һɽ귶Χ֮ڡ
ɽĴǳֳδ󷨣֮Ӿʵ
ףڼʶЩ֮Ҳ쳣
Щ󷨵ϺͷѩΪҲ൱ĸġ
ˣŸӵķ
ӦѩԼĶĶǱϵġ
׿նĻ֮Уǧϣɴ˿ɼʵ֪
ңƬϤֻûܳˡ
ףҵ󷨾Եֵ졣ѩ׼ɵĽ͵
׵˵ͷ󷨾֮ȴȱɱ¾֮󣬼Ȼսѣұ֮ɱֵ֡
ã벻׵ѣͨȻҲ䣡ѩ̾漴뵽׶ʱ־Լ˼ܣ˵㲻ʱ˵Ļ
ƽѩЩС˼˿ɫʥ黨Ȼûб¶ۺǿߣһЩĸ㷽ǲѯַҲܽɫʥ黨ڵĴλò̽ġ
ȻôҪԵģЩˡ
ԣû˸ԵĳӦǿвǡ
Ȼ֮Уκɫʥ黨ʮѵãƳɵҪܽܶϵ⡣
˵ûк֮ǵķȵȣ뵽Щױ㲻Ը
ķһЩе΢޸һһżƷ۷󷨣ȻЩ󷨣һ󷨣˿
ʶٶȲѩľԸӣһŵϴ󣬰춼֮С
ɺѩҲָ˹漴ߣ׿һۡ
΢΢һ㶣漴ӶԷ֮ףѩҪ֮С
׵ҲɣֱӵķѩߵϣȻѩĴ£ǰȥ
ǰĿռȻһ䣬˿ﻹʲôɽ꣡
˿̣ѾһƪԴĵطɽˮ㣬ȫûѹֵա
ֻǣ׻ѯʣѩ㴫ףСģҪʩչͨˣȻǿסЩ۵ģ
ײ֪ѩͨʲô˽Ҳ֪·ͬСɣĹ̶ѩϡ
һ̣׺Ȼ͵һգֻоȻ䵹תȻһ޴ĺڶռ䣬׵ǰ
ʶģ׶ȻܻΪһƤѩ㣬ҲΪεѩϣںڶռ֮иߡ
Ȼһɾ޴˺֮ȫ֮ʱܵ˾޴ѹ
ֻֻƬ̱ʧˣҪȻ޷ܡ
ʧ֮׻ûл⣬ʱоԼнı
һ֮ѩѾָΣ˿̣ͨ죬ر׺ݺѹϣѾѹЩˡ
Ǿ޴ĵԶ׵ţǴһ嵭Ů㡣
״˿ȻѾָģ˸оȻ޴̼ȴҲЩΡ
ȿȡ
ɿ˻ЩεĿһ£εţƺѾǱѪطΧɡ
ѩΣ˿ȴҲЩεġæĵţǰѪأалԵϽֻҪǶƻأѡ֮ģֻǲ飬ȻҲ޷ɾ֮λյĽ֣ȻǱϴ
еһ˹Ͻ֮أˣҽѩˡ
׻ǵһ˵ڱѪǿģǴϲһԭ⡮ȫ
Ҳ֪ҪȥֻΣոѩȻϤһУᳵ·ҪԼĻֻǼ㷢ܴ͵ĵطҲᱻ޴ѹѹ
ңѩֱͨӴ򿪿ռ֮ţҲѹô׷ʱĺܺõԼˣ
ȻȻô˵ѾѪºˣ


509 Ѫº2
ѩɫָ˼֣ȴȻЩε˵ţǰѪº
ѩ֪ӵд򿪿ռ֮󣬽ѪصĹϽֳһңʩչռʱ򣬾ͿĽǱѪˡ
ֻÿʹһδ򿪿ռҪʱָ˱ΣգķһǺõġ
ѩͣŻȻ
ȷʵģʮӴģŻָҲ˵ʱ䣬ѩڣ
Ѫºʱ򣬻ҲʲôǲûΣյģѪº͹ȥʱڱѪأڣǾģ
Ѫ֮еΣգԶԶĳ󣬶ڼ죬ѩֻҲ޷ȫĵ죬ֻǸӵӳɴ˿ɼѩҪеķգɼһߡ
׵ͷѹˣĶΪָ׼İɣǶ컹֧ŵģǱ˷˹ɵĻôЩˡ
ѩ΢΢Ц׵ֻܴܽ鿼ȫ档ڣҴȥҽѩɡ
׵ʾӦʡ
ѩѩƺΪ飬һ㶼֡
磬ʵֱֵģϾһޣô֮࣬Ƿ׷׷ϱ֣Ǳǳƺͷʹˡ
Ȼת˿ռ䣬ױҲٵɫʥ黨ˡ
ϾѪȻԳǲκ˶ͻģ״˿̲ȫķˡ
ѪºѩͬĲҵģΪײܿ϶Էߵǿ߲ΪĳЩԭԼĶȻɱڣ
ʲô磬ǿʳһ㣬ʼûиıģһȻıܡ
ѩǰ·ȴǴ粽ĸ
ѩȶ˵Σ΢΢ЩҲΪ֮ǰݺݸһѩĵ欵Եʡ
ͷ΢΢𣬱ܿʧˣĵĳUӰ
뵽ЩкȻ¶һܰ밮ĸо
⣬ǲһ˼ɡ
һƬ֮ǰĵطһĿռ䡣
ɽˮģɫѤʡ
ѪºһƬ޴ĺܴܴ׵Ŀһ߼ʡ
ܣ޴ɽ͡
ɽγһķıݣѪºΧ˱ݵм䡣
Ѫºˮ峺һЩƵķۣˮģȴƯһ޴Ľ
⽨Ǳɣ壬һ˵õķ
һڿռ䷨ķƷҲѾܲˡ
ΪҪǣⷨΧѪºԼĵǿһ壬ǣһȫ
ѩ̤ȥнĹ֮Уѩʱѡͣһ£Ȼȴʱš
Ȼ̫ףҲĳӦһʱ󷨣ʱ䡢ռصһʱڣĳ·ǰȫģʱ䣬ĵ·Σյġ
󷨣֮ǿ󣬱䲻ĴѹֻܿŲ󷨣ǽ֮ȥƻ
󷨵ĺôͨ·ֻһһҪܷС֮ˣͨ
ʱֻҪɳʵǿĻĳһͨ㣬ôһ򵱹Īƺá
󷨣൱׽ס̾
ǰҽ裬ԶҿԱȵģһֱţһ죬ǿԶûԵȻɾʥ˵ǿߵģѩŵ˵漴ɫ˼Ȼ
ԣ뵽ѩڵ״
飬ɰο˼䡣
ѩȴ΢΢һЦ˵ٴεĴ·
һۣѩ󷨵ڲ뵽Ѫ¹֮С
ѩս룬ʱĸΪߵİŮӣ׷׹ѩǰ
·绨ѩ£ݼѩ
ĸŮӾʮֹ˵
ѩ˵ͷȥػͨԷе׷

ٴͬĵ
ѩɫĮĵ˵ͷ漴֣˱һʧˡ
׿ѩ㲻ŭƣв뵽ѩЩŮķ緶
׶ѩɫʱһĨ񵭵ĺΣȴһЩصĵ׵ѣΣ˴æĽʵЩֻϣܾƵҩþȻѩϾƬ̣Σձ༸֡
˵⻰ѩȷʵЩģ
Ҳף֮һ˵Ƶȣ¶٣һӦ֪
ңһۺǿߣǲѵģһΥǣûԸ⡣
ԣֻǵȻһЦĵûʲôҺһ֣Ѿɫʥ黨ҩѩˡ
ѩмĳһЦģɱǼ
̲ס࿴ۣȻʲôϲĸоҲܾãŮӣʵһܣ
ο֮ǰʶŮӵйһĻʮҵӵˣڹۿܵͬʱҲ̲סЩǷǡ
Ⲣģ˵ͨѣ޲Щ棬ȻҲŴˡ

ѩĴ£׺ܿĽڹ֮С
νڹĽ֮أΪ֮Уѩһֱڻ֮С
ػĺҶҶǿ֮⣬ˡ
˷绨ѩĴػʹ֮⣬ҶҶͬۺڴԲǿߣʵϣҪѷɫѩ١
ǵˮƽҲԺͽȼˣҲ˵ףҪǿôһġ
ѩĴúҶҶʮֵľϲȻҲ֪ѩｫϵҩģѩλ
ھϲͬʱ׵ʱȻ¶˼ӵı飡
ҶҶλ׵ѣʦѩǳ
һ֮£ʱ˫۷ŹĶףƺ޲Ƶһ㡣


510 ˵ݣ1
ױĿⶢЩĵЩŮĪǧûӶʣɣ
ԭ׵ѣҶҶ֮ǰʧˡŮΪ֪ˣЩȻɫ󣬶ʱҲ˫ΣʶԷǸӡ
޷̬ѩȴǲͬ
Ϊˣʵͬһ㣬Ƿ绨ѩ£ǺҶҶѩѩһͬС̵ģҲûʲô˿ȻЩûĻĳ̶ȣɼһߡ
ǧ꣬Σûм棬ܲΪʱõ㣬Ȼ֪ˣ
һЩûᣬʱپãҲûκЧġ
ˣѩſᵽһĴʦѩİֹһ㣡
ǺǣؿǶ°ɣѩߣѾˡº͵˵
ò˵Ůӣÿһǹɫ㣬ееģеȳϣеˡ
׸о˿ͬһĺһ㣬Щ¡
Ů˵ţûǿҵĸо
ѩиˣˡ
ҶҶ񣬹˵
ѩ΢΢ͷЩˣ°ɡ
Ϊǣ²࣬¡
ҶҶ¶ж֮ɫȴǸӳֿ˵
ȴǲи̾СϾСһٹػοʵĻЩСĹǧ꣬ⲻһǿ
ȴʲôû˵ϾҲ˼λŮ֮໥֮ʮֵ
λŮȥѩų׿Цһ£նѩﲻܵȾһֱû뿪Ѫ¹ȻǵΪ׼ǵ۴Բȥһµģֻǲ飬Ѫ¹㳹׵ķǲʱ뿪ˡ
׵˵ͷʾ¡
ѩȴ㿴״Ȼٿ飬ô￵ˣʲô꣬Ƕ߾ȫóġ
ԣȴȻ໥ΣܾҪһͬԵˣȻǻ᲻İԷڱ飬˵̫ˣ
ѩԣɫЩҲЩǣ׵Ŀ⣬ȴҲ˼ָӡ
ɸ̾ĵֻ̫ޣͳʿʼա
ϵį֮ɫһţ漴㳯ڹһ̤ȥ
Ҳɻʲôֱӵĸȥ
֮ǰĵɱԽ飬˿ȫķˣΪ֪ͷ绨ѩֿʮػߣʵȴһС̬
һԼѩѩҪɱԼԷΪ֮顣
ˣ˼ȴҲƶűԵʶʮֺദġ
գռٴα任һ££һĵҡ
֮Уľ̶ȣֱŨҵĿ£
֪طһĺõطοѩҲ𽥵ɢɴ˿ɼŨľ֣
ɢԭŨԶԶѩŨǧ֮һˣĽȻѩڵ𽥵ɢ
ҿռ䣬ֻ̫ԼĪٸƽҡ
һεĳǱһǱģһ޴ˮײģ
ȻײĲĹײģһֲϼķӡײһ㣬ʵһܷĴֻⴲ͸ġ
Ϊ˱Ĳʶڸķţѩ˿ûκ˿ƣҲ˵ѩ˿ǳˮġ
һĻ׵һ뵽ı˯˵Ĺ¡
Ϊ˿̵ѩһ˾̾ǣֻǴӲ濴ѩģ
׿Ļ֮˵Ůӣвӿһĸ飬ָ飬ӣʮֵĹ⣡
ĵȻ͵ıץһһʹ࣬Ǿɻ
Ϊѩ׵ĸоʵ̫һˣ
ˣײȫã֮УΪڽǰѩò֮ǳ׵ıˣ
ˣʲôѩˣ
ӡͬˣ
ֻǣôˮײ֮ǧꣿ
ң״˿̵ľ飬һ۾ͿŮ֮ȫ꣬ƺûвȱ
׻ȻѣȻ䣬ɫЩصĵѩѩԺԪ
ѩ֪ԣЩĵǰ׵ѣѵʲô⣿
ѩ֮ǰ𺳡ԾԼŵı飬ǿС
ȻһŮӱһӿ廹ЩɵģǰѩҲѡ
ײɳ룬Ѿ׶ԷѵԭˣܱǸҪһ롣
ѩɫʱʮֵѿЩſĵΪʲôΪʲôҪ㣿
ѩ֪׵Ķ֣Ҵ˿ѩѺ׵ϣǲֶԸס
ײϰæѩģЩˡ
һֱ㺣Ҳһ̬ȡ
̾Ϣһ֪ʲô֤𣿳ɾʥ֤֮
ѩݵĵѩʲôϵ㲻ȣҲˣ߰ɣҪѩĴˡ
ΪεĿѩһۣ̾Ϣǲȣ˵ɡ
ײٴ̾Ϣ£Ǹø˵ģ뵽һ£ױ˲
ԭ磬ɻΪ翪졢磬˽硢ɽ硢ɽ磡
ֻΪһЩʱգһعϴ
λǸӵģ˵ڴĹ£ȥںδڻңԿռķչǲȶ
ʮǰٵأ»棬ں붫Ϊһ壬仮Ϊ˽硢硢ɽ硢硣
νķνʬնȴʬɾʥˣ˵γ֮󣬲ĳΪ𣡡


511 ˵ݣ2
ȻγʬǳΪһΪﵽ۴Բǹؼ
ҪʥǲеģΪʱĳЩ£նȴһЩȣ޷ٴοԽ磡
һδ֮У磬һӦٿռ䣬Ҳ»ֻĿռ䡣
Ĳλ֣Ӱ˻Ȼ桢ɡΪնʬʥḶ́壬֮С
׽ԯ۵Ļԭԭ˵˳
ʱѩЩЩɻĵѩʲôϵѵѩ￨ĳֹؿڣ
ײٴοЦѩı壬һôٻ߱һڲλ棬Сˡ
ˣڵӣ
⡪
ѩĿɿڴ
ѩԭһ壬˿̾ǺȻһ£ƺһ£
ʱ׷ʱоͬ¶ʹ֮ɫ
׺Ȼ
ʱ׾ĶѩиǾ֮
һѣҪĨɱʥҪڷʶȻǿʶ
Ͼ˯ôãʶѾôƿȨԱ⣡
ʱһȫĨɱȻɵʶܳʥ
ǣ£Ǻã
£ѩҲϾԡ
Ƭ̺ҧҧ׵ѣ׽һҪȾѩʱӲĻԸл
ͬ㣬ǻ˼
˵ô꣬Ҳµʹ࣬˻ʹ˷Ҳ˵
ҪģĵԲ۶ʶĨɱԼпġ
Ȼѩ˵ʮɲԸðա
Ȼ£׷Ȼ֮һУһתˡ
һ֮󣬺ƽĵ˶˶ıѰɣ˶֪Լڣһж֪ˡ
ڱĨɱ飬ģл޸֮˶ĻôĨɱģ
ң˶˶Ǳ֮ͬУҲǲᱻκͬģ
ʮŵ˵ͬʱĿҲһЩ֮ɫ
Ȼܾȱʲôˣʱ֪Լȱʲôˡ
ȻǷʵЩԣ벻ôõϣȻһһΪʥ˵˵ķ
һëʹ÷ޱȵķ
Ҳֻ걾ȱݣܱƻһһжܺýˡ
˵ֵҲҵ·Ϊ֣ı帳ģһļ䣡

˫ۣŽȴѩ̾ϢðɣҴӦ㣬ǣϣѩܲʧɣ
ѩ仰֮󣬶ʱϲڵϣллѴȱ
漴ѩǸʲôѩҲҵˣȻӵãȻҲˣҵְڣ
ѩ⻰ȻȴǼΪˣʹ׻ȫĵȥͶ롣
ڻĲٿأȻܲһЩռ䷽ƿأҲ㣬ҪĿռ
֮ǰȻظ˵
˵ţԹһ«ҺȻָҪʱ䣡
⣬绨ѩҶҶҪЩϣ黨꣬ݵģ߲飻ӣԼһЩҩϡ
УЩСѩ˷ܵ˵ȻѸٵȥԸ°ȥˡ
վˮײԱߣһꡣ
Ǻܵ޷Ȼѩһ㵣ǡ
ʬնʬȻ˿ѩһʵϣʥľ磬ǲ̫Ĺϵġ
˴˿̵ѩʥ˵Ĺؿڣ
׵ĵģѩһķγʶ֮󣬻Σ
ǽѩһɱȻɱԼʥǺһٹһУ߻ںϣ
޷󣬺Ȼ䣬ЩνĳʥĹ
ѩѩû뵽ˣȻķô֮ǵĹϵô㣿
˿ƵŮӣһƬꡣ
Ůӵò޼ģΪһԭ򣬷޶Щͬ˵òҲб仯ȻǱĸȻ֮УҲ˼ָ˵ĳϡ
ѩԵһ崿ŮӣһδŮӣʲǸŵ㡣
׸оٴᵽ˵ʱѩ壬ٴε΢΢һ¡
ײЩ֣һԪ֮ӦѩԪ
ֻǣһӦĳ̶Զ
Ϊѩı壬ͬĻʵĴţҲ˵ıʶǴڵģȴƺΪռţ޷ŷʶʹʶ뿪γ˶壡
ͺñһ˱˸֢ǺȻֻΪˣÿ˶һԸʱôʵѾΪˣѾˣ
Щ죬ǻ̽ʱѩѾףȻűľǰ
ʱҲŷ֣Ӧѩʱ䣬Ѿʱˣ
׽ӹѩĿռָȻԼ˽֮еҩĵ֮ĶȫĻ㼯ռָ֮УȻϸѡһռݲϡ
ױѩ˳ңһ䡣
һ䣬һңشǿĵػӳɣ֮Եĸã
ͬʱĻԼϢȵȣʮֵĺá
һ㾫˼֣Ҳǿ˼֡

ѩܺڰĿռ䣬һֱѰѰĹ֮Уκһֱûа취ڰ֮߳
ڤڤ֮Уƺں֣ǣҪϸѰǸʱȴû˿ĸӦ
ģܵͳ


512 ʥ鵤1
ĺڰ֮Ѿ֪ٸҹѩѾȫľǸƺϤںѾ𽥵Լ
Ĺ֮ʧʧĹ֮ããĹ֮У𽥵ʧȥңʧȥһеĸӦӶֹĺڰ֮У޷԰Ρ
ָоľ֮⣬Ѿûĸо
ѩٴεŬӦһ£ȴȻȻģҲ𽥵ĵ͵˵͹ȡ

׽һ׼׵֮󣬲ûϿʼٴεˮײĵǰĬĬĿţѩ
ʱʵЩìܣΪѩѣΣ˵Ŀ׶Ȼðա
ٴεΪѩ覵壬ҲΪ˸һѩûиӦΪһԼıܸӦһǷŲõΣУ
ǣٴοѩʱײûָоᵽʲôһɫȻЩ
һʱ֮ʮֵܣʲôҪʧȥһ㡣
ɫӵĿ˯֮еˣȻ֣ĺŵ۾ѾžӨˮ
ֱܵˮ׵ģݺݵĲһ¡
ѩģֻҪ㲻˺ˣһģ㲻ãҲ壬ĵĵȴһʱ䣬ѹˡ
ײ֪ԷɲȻ˵
˵꣬ģڹײĸһ¡
ȻŹײ޷Ӧʲôʶܶȴôϡ
ײˣƺͬ΢΢һ£ȻܿĻظƽֱûκεķӦ
ԶѩĬĬĿһУ۽ǣͬһ̣ʪˡ
ԵĹػͺǻֻܸܿܲܵõģֿȴ޷̸

ѩվ˵ػλãȻ˿˼֣漴ƽķĿռʹռ䣬һɿռͳĶ¯һĶ
ֿռ䶦¯ֻҪ۳壬Ȼʹ׵Ķɡ
֮ǰѾͨƵֶΣɹһЧǿļƷ鵤뼫ƷĹԪЩҩЧѾﵽƵҩ۷Чˡ
ЩҩɣѩȻĴ
ˣϢָ֮һΣѩ׾ѵ״̬ʥ鵤ġ
ŵһѴݳѾܻõİɫǾֻ棬ѾǿĲٿˣңڵػңֻҲž޴İ
ɫǾ𣬲ϵĴſռĵ𽥵仯״ѩϣҲӦ֡
׵һƵҩȻڴݶʱ򣬻Ҫƿռ䣬ƿؿռ䣬׵ȻǼǿѩˡ
һ˺ֹһ㣿
ʵֵҩȻǳƷĵҩֻҪؼĵطʲô©ӣȻʧܣֻƵĹ˳ĿֱӵĹϵ
ɹһģûκ⣬ǳŵҩŵҩͶʧˣ
Ϊ׼ôĲϣһ£ǿԳ߿ҵĵҩġ
ɫĻ治ϵĴ֮ռ䶦¯ռ䶦¯Ļ£ˡۡ͡ı֮
һ̣ѩѹǰδеĴΪ֮ǰƣ׾ʹûԪģȻʹǾʱʱҲûô£ҩĲֻͬµʱͬ˵ĵȼٴεǿߣʱԼǸӲ
Ϊѩѩû˿ԥֵ֧ڿеĵҩѾҧһţ
Ȼ˿ĲأѩѾ˲ô࣬ҪԶŹӦ
һڵĳķ֮ʱ򣬾Ҫʼ䣡
֮ǰƵⵤҩ֤ѩȻҲ˲١
ⷽ棬ȴ൱ɡ
˵ĵҩΪ׼ͻڿеʮŵҩԽ⡣
ĲٿְɫǾ𣬻𻨷գҩ֮ת̫ͬһ㣬ڻ֮תţѤõĲӰ
׵֮вϵķ裬ĵĻͬһ㣬ڿţתš
֪ʱǵ¯֮Уԭһ˿ȴǱҩĵҺ壬γһɾһ㣬ڡ
ͺһССĺһϿգۿɼɫ׵磬ſ籩һľˣҲĿռһ
ĵҩʱҲѾ뵽ⵤҩķǱѰǴ˿ڼϵȶȻ̺еʱҲǽסЩȻ
ʵ̫ˣ
ǣ״˿̵̬ƽ⣬Ϊ𾪣Ȼʮֵң˿ûаԥ˫ȻٵĲӰڲϵĴЩҩ
ʱҲ뵽˵ϤĽ̵ң֮ܽ
ʼʱ򣬱νġ𡯣ҲǸǿʢĻ棬ҩЧ裬ʹ˲佫ȫľԪ³ȫԱե֮֮Ļ𣬱ǲ㳲Ļ棬ʹõں£𽥵ơ
ʱ䣬ԵĽ϶̣Ļʱ䣬ȴʮֵ
㵤һϸĻκһʹȫʧܡ
һ㵤¯֮УֿüĳɵḶ́
ɵ֮ǰںڻɵ֮ǰгɵɵĻգʹóɵ֮󣬵ۣɾĹ̡
֮󣬱ҪϵĻһĳȴ޹صʣʱ֪ȫϣ˽ᵤĹ̡
ᵤ֮󣬵̺ҩݵԺʵҲûĥ𣬱пԼߣ£յԵüҪ
ף˿ȴȻĽ׶ΣҪԣڿʼҪ͹Գ
˿̣ʹǾ𣬲ſʼҩЧı仯Ȼӿֲǳ
侲ۿʲôþţҪ򶨣򶨣򶨣
ȳѩ
ѩݺݵĵ˵ͷû˿ĻңȻһ㣬׸ӵף


513 ʥ鵤2
һȻ͵ĴݳһھѪڵ֮ϣʱ򣬵͵
䣡
ɫĻ涸ȻҵȻһ̣Щ棬ǴӰɫֱӵĽΪɫ棡
⻹Ҫģ
Ҫһ棬Ǿҩأ˿Ѿ˻ɫ׵磬ֱӽΪĽɫ׵磬СС֮УƺһĻԴ뿪ٵأ
֮ȻƲ㣬֮вϵı仯ҩ֮УǶԵγһĿռ䣬ռ֮Уƺ𽥵Բһ㣬γɶ壡
ףϵĺըֶϣȻֲϵıըֽŲϵγɣ
Ĺ֮УҲ亹ɭɭͬˮһʧ
״֮£ѸٵһŵҩȻֳһʶݶǬָٴȡʮŵҩڿС
ͬģѩҲʮ־ϾΪڵӦŵҩ֮Ȼ󱣳൱򶨣ûг˿ӣ
̣һֱ˽ʱ˵ĵҩʮأЩ֧Ųסʱɫĺɳ𽥵İЩĿռ䣬Ҳ𽥵γ塣
ûжЩҩǿʲôǿǵķӣԶΪ
Ⱥɳʧ֮󣬻ٴεĻǾ˾˿ȴҲҵȫķ
˿̣ЩµҩҺѾγʮĽɫԲοռһ壡
ʮ壬׵УҲļһ£
Ϊ޲ĻôֻҪȹʮŵĵҩ
ʮŵĵҩ
ֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬һûʲôħʥ˵ľ簡
ʮʥ˰
Щ
Ҳ֪ⵤҩֻʥʱĽħĳЩǣûʵ۴Բľ磬ⵤҩҲȻ
һ۴ԲʱνǼ䳤õģ֮࣬ȻУǧҲΪϡ棬Ҫʥлɱ
һ㣬˶ģ
νʥǣʥҲ㸪׳нֶΣ
νõȷʵҪһĴۣ
һ֮󣬵Ҳû̫ڸˣϾⶫƺû֮еǰǿã
վʹˣȻʥˣţЧҲһûԼʥЧã
ʼ˽ݾķ֮£ֻ»Щڣ
ɽ״̬£׵뷨Ȼ͸˺ܹܶ࣬͸󣬿ıʣ
һ˿̱Ҳû˰ֵļ
֣ȻղϵĻĲӰɫǾȻŶǿţһ̣׵̬ȫƽ
ƺܵ˸ȾѩҲͬĴ뾪ϲ֮ƽ
ͬʱУ׵ľ壬ҲӵأΪûκˣľ޴ջǰ򶨣һ㣬׾Ȼˣ
ѩھͬʱҲԵ򶨣˿ûʲôң
˿̣ҩҺ𽥵۳Σʮɫʵʱ˿
룬ʾѩһۣѩ΢΢һ㶣漴ףٴε
׼Ƭ̣˿ŵҩȫָĵʵ֮ٴһھѪ
ǿɫɳٴεĳ֣
һΣǿʼڶεĽʮŵҩڻĹˣ
ΪҪһŵҩƵѵ״̬λҪģҪҩεںȻԵĴֻεĥ£ҩڲ־徲ôҩЧԽã˵ĸãԽС
ʵ֮ǰһ֮ţֻҪĻմôͬģ
ѡٴεںϡҲĿĵġ
Ͼˣѩû׶ЩҪĵҩʱȻԽСԽã
ȡڵҩĸõĹؼڴḶ́
ˣײأ
ңһǣǾǣһٳ޷ͻƣôԵҲڱˣ
׵뷨ˣˣ˿̵ǲȥⵤҩ
ͬģûпռٿԼȻ˲٣δҩģҲȫ֧ŵģ
Ȼˣ׶ȻŹᣡ
Ϊѵõǣѩϣȫܵĸо
ȻⲻɫḶ́ʹȫĳ֮У޷԰Σ
һµһֻеˣܸоеζȤ
һ̣Ϊ׵ڣ
һ̣ƺһУʧˣûκε壬ֻ
ֲٿɫĺɳȻڲ֪֮УʼѩڿռƿȨ
ȵѩֵʱѾȻ
Ϊ˿̣һ߲ٿؿռ仯ѶȼߵĿռ䶦¯һ߲ٿػ棬һߣȴ˼ڻ֮мһЩ뷨ʶ
ַʶһεĶֻҪĳЩȻָ뵤ҩ֮мɣ
Щκһκ֮ϳ֣޴𾪣ף˿һ˰У
ѩȻÿˣЩӦͬʱҲĵڽ״սͨһĻ֮ȫȻˡ
һ˫ĿûʲôףȻ䣬ѩһоⲻڽһڹͣڹͣ
Ϊڹͣʵ̫£̫ˣ
Ḷ́𾪵ģ
ʶ֮УײûԵҩָģ֪㷴ֱﵽʮ֮ãͣЪ
ͣЪҲͣЪǿʼԵĻ
ȫĳУĻĴǲϵɫһ㣬Ψ
ʮŵҩѾͣ˿ɢŵĹΣէ֮£ʮֵͨ


514 ѩѣ1
ѩȻ֪ʮŵҩѾƵ˷豹ĵز֮ǰʮŵҩһֻһֻǵˣ
ѩгڴ
˿̣ѩ飬ѩѾȫĲˡ
ͬģεѩҲžԵģ
Ϊ״̬˴Ļǲģ
ѩʵͬһ㣬ҲѾһε׵ʵٴεĿԽһһĽ֮Ҳģ
ȻȻһ㣬ԭ㼫˵õ񾭹ľ֮󣬴˿̵Ѿáǿˡ
ѩĿţҲСĵĽ䱸ʲô鷢ϾҲһʼ֮յĹΪĸӣҪһɲǳ⣡
ԽǵȴԽߵĵҩϾԽǿȻԽܣ
ˣѩڹĦѧϰͬʱҲԱߵľԣ

Ĵǰĵҩ̬ı仯ȫȻ֪
ΪĽȻָоʮãû˼
ĴĻĴٵɵᵤ
̣ûгκε⡣
ڣҩɣյʱ١
ʱ򣬿ռ䷴һ㣬ִǱ仯ʮֵͨ
һУƿأϲ¶ŵЦݡ
ҩն¯֮ʱյĶ¯Ҳ漴ʧĻ棬Ҳ漴
֮УһʱͣҷĵҩϢʮֵ˴ߣ
ЩҩգÿһţǽɫģƲӲӵЩۣÿһţûʲô
˻ķ֮⣬ƺûκεƺϢ
Ǻǣ֣ǿߣǺܵ͵ģˮ
΢΢̾Ц漴΢΢֣ʮŵҩ漴ķ
ӿռ֮óöƿһöֱװʮһţһƿȴװŵҩ
ʥ鵤ˣЧԶԶĳ׵
˿̣׸׼һöƿݸѩȻ䣬˫۷ڣȫʱ͵
һģ㶼ûվȣ
״󾪣ʱźȻ֣ڿɵĵȫˣ
˿վûУ
ɫһţȴûڴ˿̵Ĳ
ѩûйƿһʱ佫׷ûˤڵء
ͬʱѩ֪ûռָԼĿռָ֮ȡżƷĹԪȻԵι׷£Ȼػš
һУڰ˼֣ͬʱѩĸоҲ˼֡
ļƷҩһѾ̲סҪΪˡ
Ҵ˿̵Ļһѩ涯֣ûκεķģ
ǣûУôһƽľٶȴӮ׷ĵꡣ
Ķ̰ͼôһУҲûʲôˣȻҲԷӡ
һ㶫ܿһ˵ıԡ
׶ѩ̬Ⱥ⣬жˣҲȫĿ϶Ρ
׵ѣ뾳֮УǺ£ֻްΪ֮Σ
֮УҪעˣرһЩΣյĵطѪأǧ򲻿
ΪﵱҲ㣬뾳֮ȫУ޷԰Σ
׻ָƬ̣ʵѾָ٣ҲЩεǣѩѣܽˡ
ϵ̬ȣѩΪ֮һ㶣漴֪뵽ʲôѩɫȻЩ΢΢졣
׺ϲѩŤ뽿ߵģȤĶ
ѩЩȣֻõûмֱתȥ
ϰ죬оЩڣƺõȵĿһֱıӰһ¹ײͬʱЩ
͵͵תѩŷ֣ѾڱĿָ֮УƺѾһʱˡ
㷢֣ѩЩ˿ͬʱȴЩʧ
ǧ򻯵˼ԼҲЩĪ
Īʧ䣬Ī˷ܺ⣬ô
ѩЩε뵽漴΢΢ҡͷһ˼ͬʱĬĬĵȴ
һƿöҩײûнѩѾȫĲˡ
ӷ׺ѩĹϵ֮󣬾Ϊѩϧ
ΪѪķѡӣһģͨദѩҲһ㡣
ԣѩѾ׿һˣ

ָ֮У𽥵׵Լľͻˣﵽۺڡ
ⲻҪģҪǣڵΪľϵͻƣ٣ҪͻƴﵽۺڴԲѾȫΪ˿ܣ
ۺھ磬ۺڴԲ֮ľ룬Ȼͬ۵ľ룬Ҳ಻٣
ۺڴԲҪĸߣϸ񣬶ҲӼѣ
Ԫ׳Ҳʵı仯ֱ仯׵Ľ
ţٴεԷֻбŰķˣ
һڱѪص汣ϣ˼֣
ΪʵĽӦ̬ı仯ĸӦѩ̬
ڸжͬʱôŮӣ׵ĺǻ
˵˵ͬð
ѩˣͱ壬ʲô
ͺñ׵ķͱ壬ĸǱ壬ʵȫûʲôͬģ
ΨһĵģǱѩһ˭Ҳ֪ǸаǺǻ
һȻվ
СʱĻظȫĻָ֮ǰġ
ʵеҩͿԶݵƬָ̱ģΪ֮ѩЧײòۺڵΪʵһ£Ͼ֪֪˷ܰս
֮óһöƿ佻ѩѩȴǼĽ£ȻСĵУռָ֮С
ףȻǽķôһУĺãһػɡѩСĵ˵
׵˵ͷҲǴ⣬ⵤҩǱѰǵʱʲô쳣ҲԶԴżɣ⣬Сκ龪š
ѩһ㣬ģ߹ȥɡ


515 ѩѣ2
ΪԽߣҪٽһѶԽߡ
Ⲣ۶ȸߣڸĴͨʱʧ޷ѣԶþ֮С
ѩ˿̣ˡ
Ѿ֪ԼĴǺ޿κεǣִ޷ġ
ľأ޷Ϊ֪
𽥵ɥʧһʱȫʧʱã֮дǵůһ˿ϣ
ˣڵȣȴյĽ
ҪôҪôѣ
̣ã˲֪ѩֻоŲƬ̣壬㿪ʼЩĸо
𽥵ĻԺ֮Уƺ¶Ҳ𽥵ڰĿռ䣬ƺȻ˺ܶĹΡ
ֹΣȻڲϵɢȻǸڰĻƺڲϵС
ѩϲ֮󣬼˲䣬㿪ʼĵһֱ¶ʶȻ𽥵ĳڰֹĿռ䡣
ռ𽥵ͬʱѩ˺ܶණ
ɫ己ܵḶ́һḶ́ٵء浮Ĺ̵ȵȣѩʮҲֻ֪ҪȥӦЩô˲ΪΪҪǿǿߡ
ֻǣѩģЩˣãѾûκε塣
ıܣѾԿƸεľ
ڰĿռȫıâĿĹâѩ޷˫ۡ
ʶһ̣Ҳ𽥵Ļع鵽˱֮С
ʱѩоԼı仯ҲͬʱоԼʵڡ
ʶعԺ֮УѩƬ̣ȻȻĺһȻ˫ۡ
ȻȵЩ˵ѩֻǺķƬʱ䣬㽫ЩȫգЩĴ޸һ¡
ԭΪѩ˿Ϊ˵ۺԲľ磬ԭѾǽӽĴڣô࣬Ҳпԭġ
ֻЩѩ̫⣬Ϊ˫֮УȻ㷢һݵӣ¶֮ɫô
ʱѩҲѾ֪Լûд·ģ

ѩһ϶ʱΣһ̣ˮײķǷ𣬶ѩϣҲһ׷ۺɫսס
ս׵ģʽ˵սģһģһģ
̾ȴҲ˿ķġ
˿̣ѩȴǺм־Ⱥͽߣֱڿѩʱ򣬶ʱҷ
á

Ů˰죬Ȼ໥Ľӵһá
׺Լķһֱϵ˿̣ȴûı֣߷ףĸӦѩޣƺѾЩ޷ϵˡ
󣬵״⣬뵽Ѿˣ׵Ҳû̫ྪȡ
ֻµȴЩ
Ϊѩѩӵ֮ãѩٴεĿ׵ʱһĿ⣡
Ŀ⣬ิӵĶͷЩ
ѩܺͷӦ𣿡
Щ̮ȴ򶨵ʵ
ѩ΢΢ͷ΢΢ҡͷѾԸӦǿңǻЩӦģǿԵĸӦܺͷںϽġ
׵˵ͷǲҪǿˣȻѾѾΪ˶㣬ǿԵںϣֻʹ
ѩԿЦ׷֪
򡪡
׵һ£ɫʱЩĪ͸ӡ
˵ϲŮĵѾռ˽ʮɣUҲ߯ʮ֮зȥɣ
ӣѾˣνͣײһĲ֮ˣҲĹƽǺ̸
ϸһ룬ѩķͱ壬ʵǲģͺñǷףUǷ׵ӣǲҲ׵ô
ôһ룬ҲȫĽˡ
οЦǽѩأǽ˶
ѩЩߵĵʵҲǱ壬һϲƺΪѩ
ΣѩȻˣ׺ܿܽˡ
ðɣԺҵѩɣڵ״ôЩô
׹ĵʵһģΪƣ˱ˣȻݼڣʮֵ
ʲôһΣҴˣúõһºӣһͨŮˣˡѩ̾
һ̣Ѿûʲô֮ˣ·׺Ϸһ㣬˵ȻԵģҲѾ׵˾Եһ˵ˡ
дͬСѩ˵ʱ򣬺Ȼ䣬ѩ͵ıͷʹͬʱɫһ˲Ұף
㲻԰ұʶȻҷ𣡡ѩȻʮַŭ˵Ȼ͵һѪ
ۡ
Ѫڿƿ΢ЦһѤõĻ䡣
ߣѩǱ壬Σǲ˼ȡͼޣһ
ͬĸֻ֮ҪɱǣɱԼܳɾʥ֮𣬺£
ѩȻһ˵
ߣȻ㣡û뵽㾹Ȼһٸ춯ұ뱾壬֮أ
Ȼ䣬ѩĿУȻ˵
״棬ʱҲɵͬʱѾף£ѩ˶ȨΪǶԷȻŹѩƺҪȡƿȨ
ˣĪҪˣǹڰ뱾ںϣֻñӵĲ
ңѾ֮䣬ȱ֮꣬ǿЦ֮
ô˵Ц
ںϰɣûѡˣѩ̾Ϣ
˵ںϣʵҲֻǷʶںϣȡԷȻٴηֿѡ
һ˷ΪʵͬʱҲˣ֮䣬ﵽһµƽ⣡


516 
ͺñжʯȻһںϣбʮʯʮʯȴǴڹĿռ䣬Ҳ൱ÿˣʮʯһ
һġ
γĬȻһĲѩϴ˳ͬʱϵ
ѩһ͵ķһҺ֮
ǣߣ벻㾹Ȼ䣬ãܺãǵưɣһݵ˵ȻѸٵʧˡ
ȻǴѩĿ˵ģƬ̺ѩԼҲһѪɫм㲡
ѩôˣ׹ĵʵ漴׽һżƷĹԪιѩ̷ȥ
ѩʱָ˼Ѫ˿˫ۣ̾Ϣ˵
ұԸҲЩ񾭲һ㣬ˣڿǵʱ򣬱һַԪķ
ĵű侲žº֮Ҳű겻ݵĺڰϢϻ۵ĹϢ
ˣҽһΪ侲Լûиı䣬겻ݵĺڰϢȴںγһ֣䡣
һ߱ϻ۹ԵķˣҲˡ
ڣ˹Ѿγǿʵ֮ǰҲͼȡҵıƿȨ˷ҹͬˣȻһΣǶ군ˡ

ѩϸĽһףȴǲúȻ
ƿȨ
׵ɫʱ粻漴뵽Լķһֱǻȫ谭ͨģûʲôѹ
Ҳʶʧһֱһϵ
ôһȻ׵ıˡ
ʵϸ˵Ҳֲѩˡ
ΪֻҪɳûģз̫ݲбĻǾ鷳֮ˡ
Ҳֻ˵ѩ̫ˡ
ΪӦȫ߱ԸŲᱻɣܱ֤ҲԼ
ѩֱǷʶӶڿ¡һ¡һˣȻȫԸ񣬾;ˣв
֪䣬ǴͿʼˣʱҲɴŭŮˣĺݰ
£˶ȻѾںϣôѩˣͶİˡ
˶شĬĬ㣬Ȿһɡ
䣬ѣֵĻǳ罫Ĩɱĺã
׳˵
ѩɫЩΣЦ֪䣬ҵִҲǧ˿ƵϵֻҪжʧô䣬Զ
ɫһЩѿ޵ˣ
ѩˣǲɱɱ֮һж𣬶ԷʶٴҸȼȻռһ壬ʱ򣬱ǵڶˣ
ʱҲȻԭⶫִһԹ
ֻҪźϰ׺ݵ뷨ôⶫܻڣ
׵ͬʱҲɰһĵԽǸԽǵĹͻ㲻þֳһ飡
Ҳգʱ򲻹ǶԷʶôɱ˱ǡһĻɱǣ
ն˵
Ҳ֪еִ޷Ƶģż˳˷ŭ飬ôˣⶫֻȻķȥγɶ䡣
ԪȻǼȻѾ˶ô
ѩЦֻǣܺµ𣿡
²֣׷ʵѩ˿㲵ģһϧĽ䱧˻С
оͱˣû̫
䣬ͷ˶һ޶ģòƵһУǼȫͬģ
˱֮⣬ûκ𣡡
ɫһ漴̾ϢһȷʵΪΣʱֻ·²֣
ΪϾ󷨿ռ䣬ҲǻþʵĴڣ
ѩԣȴɵЦЦĪ£ʱЩתҲ˵ѩȻȴʵһз塣
һŸõĴһеķ䣬ҲͶϡ
Ȼ֪ѩаοʣȻͷˣֻҲõĽˡ
Ƿ䣬һйʧӰ١
ף̸֮󣬲ŷԭֻ䣬Ѿһܾˡ
ԭߵѩȴѾ֪ںʱѾȻ뿪ˡ

ҹǺѩһϢ
Ȼӣһ֮뽻ȻǱҪġ
ûиѹȴַܵ飬ʮܣҲʮֵ
ΪͱѾȫϵһҲͬĸо
ѩˣ˿Ѿȫĺ壬ˣֻ൱һ˶ѡ
Ȼ巽棬ȴ˵壬ͺñ׵ķױһ
ִֽ˲ƣ
Ȼ˵ļ֮иܹҶ˵ĸоǵһٵʱѩȻѵ̲ס
ֱ֣˵űʵĲͬ
ܵʱҲȫĿĸо
ǣ൱»ĵһҹ˵࣬
ڶʱײķ֣绨ѩҶҶػüʱ򣬾Ǻкһ֮󣬾ǴҴ뿪
ѩʱѩˣ
һĻֱѩߵЩ޵ˣ
Ȼףѹ̫̫࣬˷ܻ֮ʱҲûƣ
ѩϢ䣬ȻػѩʹŮۺڴԲʵ׸Ӧ˵Ķ
֪⼸˲һֱӦ棬뵽Լ൱ڼδŮǰһҹ״սҲЩ

֮֮С
׿ѩһʥ鵤֮Ű˼֡
ѩȻָѹѩĺ֮
ʱ׵ĸӦ֮ȫͷ˳


517 ޵1
ΪѩѩΪѩνܾѣϧΨһʥ黨ѩһ㣬׶мˡ
ѩ̷ʥ鵤֮ױػ
Ϊʥ鵤ûһΣգֻʥ鵤еΣȻͷųΪħϵķµҩ˽жѡ
ֻЩĥѵʱ򣬽᲻ٳΪ⡣
ǵҩЧ
ϾϾǹƽģ켶ĵҩҲֻĥ֮жһһ㡣
ѩķӦΪϾǰĻ֮ǧ꣬ʥ鵤ı֮ѳҲͲڻˡ
ѩͬһ֪״̬ðȻħٻǺΣյġ
˿̣ѩһ״̬֮С
ػߣоһİȻҪѩѾõΪԲĽĽᣬҲڽ⿪ˡ
ûһĹǣѩѾȫķſˡ
׷һΣ
ѩ˿̼ѩѾһУȻһеĸһֻ̬
̬ǿҩЧ֮Уܿʧˡ
ʧ˵һֳ
˵˿ѩʵĸоѾһƬռ䣬ѾΪһ
ָо֡
Ϊ˿ĵطȻǱѪأ
ǣƺĳЩͬ
ѩ֪ʥ鵤ŵߵĹЧ
Ϊߵ˹֮ǸȻҲܳˡ
Ҳ˵ʥ鵤ȥĽȻȥǸԵ

ռЩڰ֮⣬һУʡ
ľߴ󣬱ѩ˿̵ҲïܵҶѹѹһƬɭͶһƬܻݴ˵ȴֲԵûҰͻңԵ÷ǳĺг
һƺǳïʢϢºоӴɭ־һλȰĸһ㣬ȻżźֲܹϢϣȴѩо쳣
ȻֻǸоѣԿԸܣĵȴ˺ã
ģڰеѩѾʼʧʼã
ֻƬ̣Ѿ֪Լںηںδǣ֪һݼ֣һҪѹ׷Ķ
ԣһֱģѩôΨһһ˿ϣΨһһĿôļŲԿռѹ
þõģѩоµıǨоʱţþõģþõġ
Ҫĳһִ֮⣬ѾʧȥȫʶʧȥȫĶ֪
͸ŨܵҶ϶º͵ҫһаܵɫҰϣһ겢ҰûĻƣҲûҩõļֵôͨͨġ
Сίɣͷ֮ƺֻҪ΢һ۶ϣҸϧǣӸ֦ɵĵطȫĶѾɿݡ
ûʶû˼룬ͨͨģǣû֪Ѿ˶õʷʹɭֵһͨĺԱߡ
ȷǱѪأ˵ӦıѪɽ
ѪɽԴԺ֮λλ֮⣬ͨѡ֮ˣý롣
ɫҰΪԺ֮ʣҲСȴҲ컯󣬱ΪãѾﵽй֮߾磬κȴǿǣһص֮⣬ȴûκεĲʶס
컯컯ȻӳܻϢκҲǣɫ£ȴûпǣʵǷУҲһһա
ԭ׿ɫλɣȴһĿήҰһС֦ûаֵݹ⣬Щԭ嫵Ҳһĳµĥľѹ֮£γǿޱȵɫɳɫڲϵա
º͵һε͸ïܵҶ϶͸˽ѾƵҶϣʱһνӴɫѸٵʶı仯ϣʼɢѤõĹâѤõɫĹâ
ֹâɫǿմż䱾ܵ׺ͣ˵º͵ķ
Ȼ̣ڲϵ
ÿʱ򣬲ɫɫâԿǿĺɻ棡ǺɫȻѾﵽ˻еļȴȻº͵߲ʹâ塣

㣬ڣɫʱ֮ѩȻԸо㺡
ѩûۣ֮Уһ壬߲ʵ壬ɫʥ黨ǡ
Ȼȴûǣǽһŵҩ֮С
һĵҩ׵͸ѩ
˿̣ѩ˹Щ꣬ж׵˸м
˿ǣѩںһȻ֮ǰһĻͬһ㡣
ȻʱǶѩԣȴԶԶĳʱܺ͡
ԭѪأô磬Ѿˡ
ѩи̾
֮ǰʥ黨ʶǣ˶Էʶ֮У˿̣µĸ壬ħ̬Ȼ˲١
һΣѩģȻǱȱѪأûʧǿһ
ݣֳһĽһһȺȺ
죬˽ᣡ
Ǹѩȵ
ǶȺ֮УӰЩģһӷɳ֮ģмʾ˶ԷĿݳ
ߣѩʥߣȻץСţ˽˽ᣡ
˵գȻ͵˫һ죬ռƺ
˳ϣ˲䣬ѩ͵Ľнһӣʱǿ죬Ȼ㵹˳ȥͷǷ˾죡
Ƭ̣ͷ£ڵ滯һƬ
ͷȻ䣬ȴȻӾһѪסޣȻһޱͬıǻ֮£


518 ޵2
ѩȻشɫ˲԰˼֡
ѾĻѩȻȻ򶨣û˷ˣվв
ʱʵս𽥵һ̣ѩ㷢֣ԼѾص֮УԱߣȫĵΪ뾫״̬
֮ǰһУ̫һξѩȴ֪һʵģ侳ĸоʵ˼ã
ףħĽᣬѩһ㶼ûио
֪ڽĳɾͣѾȫˡ
ǺȻ֮֮ж˵ʲôһǶһǿԱȴ飬꣡
ѩȻ˿һȻ𽥵ڳһɱ鿪ĺɫϢ
һ̣ѩӵľҲӵģ־ޣΪ֮Ϣ
Ҳ˲ˣһ̣ƣ˿֮ǰҪƽ̫ࡣ
׶ŮȻкøв٣뵽仯Ϊߣ̳ԪĿֲʱеһЩ뷨ȫʧˡ
ȻЩ뷨ҲֻһЩƬε뷨ѣѩľޣ׺˼һ£Ҳġ
ѩƺȫҩЧ׶ʱҲֻǿѩƺһ㣬׳ãڻ˳
ѩôˣѵʲôף
º͵֮һ˵򶨵ȻаĸǹУ
ѩ΢΢һ漴̾һֵҩǳƺܽ⿪Ϊ֪һһȻֵҩȥ֮󣬸оǳĹ죬һΣڹȥģδҪһܸӣ
ԣ΢΢һ
ѩôˣʮֵôõദѩȫųֵ˽⡣
һϸŮӣܶ飬ɶеҲԸ۱˵ˣҪǣһԲִ̫ˣţǼ⣡
ǣһˣڳµҩ֮󣬾Ȼһֱϲŭ޳仯⣬һʲô⣡
ۼѩµǳƷʥ鵤׻ỳⵤҩǼðƷ
֪ǰжѩĴ𰸣㱧ż˵Ĺע
£ʲô쳣ĵط̽ʵ
ǺǣûʲôףֻЩ֣ΪǽɫıӣƺǴʧģأ·֣Ϊ˵ǱӾǴޣǱѪƵһ취
ֻǣʶѵڣҸû£
Ҳ˵Ƶ취ޣѾӡ˻𣬷ӡ֮ңȴֲң

ţѩ㽫Լ֮ǰλһľȫ˵һΣ
ȴЩȻɫ䣡
ΪԸ֣ѩгˡ
Ǿǣ죡
죬壬Եˣ׾ʮֵļɵģʵˣ˱̬֮⣬ֶΣ
˵жԣ޷
뵽λ棬бһ⡣
׵üͷɫҲ
Ƭ̺׳ܼ򵥣Ӧþǹȥ飬ûʶѵʱ飡
Ϊﵽʥ˾磬޷Լ飬ʥ˾ǿߣʱ䡢ռ֮飬ԲԳȥ
£ӦþҪ㣬򣬲û̫ǹ
ɱ죬ӡ˴ޣŪ˱Ѫ𣬶ѪٽѪصķչѪصķչʹĽ룬ȻҵĲ룬֮Ӧճɾʥ֮λȻңԼѻԵõޣȻֳִޣȥƻѩĳ˱
£Ӧûû꣬к
֮ӦǺ˵սɣ֪ʱڲڣ
˵棬ױ£ȷʵͬСɡ
׾ԲģΪҪ£ٲǶʱпܵ顣
׵Ľ֮ѩȻ˼֡
ٺѩ̸һ³ʥ鵤֮ĸоڵ֪ѩõɫʥ黨ʶ֮Ҳף
ѩиˣָмһ
֮δһ˵ϣױ㱻ѩӹ뷿֮и˳ᣬԲϸ

ҹ֮УѪ¹ʮֵ壬绨ѩĴػʹȻ鲼Ѫ¹ĸ򣬾ػ
ҶҶȻѪѾߡ
˿̣״Ѫ¹ڵ֮УһĿĴš
Ĺۿҹɫ羰ǲɵĳֳ˼֮С
ʥ鵤ЧЩ⡣
ǶĳħĽĥ£ǽеĵǣҵһ㾡ķŴȻʵĳֳ˰ġ
Ȼôʵϣʥ鵤Чεϴ֮⣬Ӧþ˷еĽ뵣ˣһ㣬ȷʵǳʥĹؼ֮
ͬģһлԵȻҪԼȥա
һ룬ײȻ˼֣ʥ鵤ЧԤ΢Сһ㣬ǰȫԣȴǱԤҪõ̫̫࣡
ֵҩȻ죬ȴҲȷʵܹܵķΧ֮ڣ
Ҫһ£ЩҩЧƽΪ
뵽Ѫصľ޴Σգױ˺ġ
΢΢һ׵֮Уһƿҩ
Ȼ֮ǰƺõʥ鵤ˡ
ƿ֮Уʮһŵʥ鵤˰ʥ黨ǵһ֮⣬ĵҩһ޶
ҩЧʵȫͬģΨһĲͬһŶ˵ǣ֮ûнŵҩ͸ѩãΪ״̬ѩʶ޷κδ̼ġ
ѩʱ̫ʶ룬һʥ黨ʶܿظʥ黨ʶܵĽѩʶĨɱȻռѩ塣
ǣŵҩ͸ѩãȫĲһˣΪѩֻкôûκλġ


519 Ľᡤħ1
ڱռʶѩˣȻǲˣϾѩıܣǿԪģ
ͺñȣһżȥҶȻΣգüʯͷһǼһ
״̬ѩǶһµѩֹʯͷǾ֣Ǽôܺ
Ŀһƿľ޴ȻЩϢ
Щҩܵĺʮֵ׽ϢͬʱЩܡ
Ҳԥѡڵ֮еһȽԵλãȻһɼľżƷػ󷨣ױ֮У׼һʥ鵤
֮֮ȻȡһŽ貵ĵҩ
ʥ鵤ȻѾ豹棬ְɫɫȻʮֵѤԼŵ绡߲ʵĹâת
΢΢Ϣ״̬ȫĻظѣȻһױ۾ĽŵҩС
ҩڼһıҺֱӵ׵ļ䣬ָоʮֵƢ
һɱڲһʹȥĵطʮĸӦ
ֻƬ̣ĸо㱻ȡ
ֻȣЩ͵ĸоֻȫͬһ޴Ļ¯֮һ徹Ȼͬһ㲻ϵĴ
ʹ⣬֪
׼ֱ񣬳ʥ鵤Ȼ󣬿ȷʵҩ˶ˣ
Ĵ̲̫һ̣ʧ֮ܵĿռ䣬˺ڰ
޾ĺڰֹĺڰ
һ⣡
״̬ײİΪѩ޾ĺڰ
ףȻҲĺڰ֮У
˲ָ򶨣Ҳٻң뵽ˣԵģʥ鵤ṩĿռ볡ѣҲ˵ǽٲĻ֮Уһʥ鵤ҩЧʧȻǻѹġ
ңΪҪǣ֪ʥ鵤ṩĳṩĥᣬԼӦġ
ԣҪѣųʮֵİ취ȥѣ
ҩЧˣһѹôһеҩЧȻǰװ׵˷ˣ
΢΢ȫķ˿̣ʶã֮𽥵ԼҲоռʵ
ȫĸоˣ
ңĵ֮УѾ֪Լףǳʥ鵤֮ųֵֻ档
ȻεĽºˡ
ڰһɢȻ󣬲Զߣһһ⡣
֮𽥵ɢߣһϼϼķΧ𽥵ԽԽ
ǡճ
׺Ȼ֣һܾׯڵصﾶϡ
ֲܾСׯڣ͹ƽС·Ҳ˲֪Ұݡ
ЩɻЩķ֣˿̵Ȼ
ףô˰ôҲأһ۵Ц˵
еײһͣ⡪ôǵ
΢΢һ漴ɵ۵ĿԼ˫˫š
˫ִŰף·ɫаɫķ޿㣬нµЬӣǻɫЬȻֹϵɫĴֲС
µĲЬѾСҰϵ¶ˮʪ͸մ
ΧҲ̫Ũˣ׿ԺĿǸСŮôϤ
˭أļǲͺĳֶȫһ
ڲ֪֮У¹ȥִף𽥵ĵǸִᣬ𽥵ı桢ɵ磬ͬ
ǱĬǿֲģҲǱģ֮УԼĸ
Ǻǣٺ٣һһĹ򣬿԰Ҫ˵֡
΢΢һЦ漴˷ܵ˵
ĵףȴЩįһϤˣһСŮȻҪĻֶβ֪֣ⲻܲ˵ͬһֱ
ѽ̫ˣ̫ϲˣ
СŮʱ۾ȻŴĳݵ˫ۣס
ľһʧ
ҽкСѾˣ¶ʮʱǡţ˵ʲôʱף𣿡
СѾգգ۾ε˵
׵ģ͵һݣ漴ļĴţȫĴˡ
ãã㵽ˣѾѾҸģҵܺõɷ򣬹Ϻõأ
𣿡
ģ
ѾѾҲҪ׹Ҹġְ衯ϷһҲҪ㵱ɷ򡣡

׵۾ʪˡ
ѾѾһܿŮӣССʮ꣬ΪһֵĲˣ֮ǰĿлȰ׺úõĶ飬úõȥԣ߷Ϊ
ֲ׳֮󣬲Ž֪ӦǶԵ
ͬ棬ҹϵھӣС÷ģϵǲ˵
ʵںСʱ֪¶СӶĶĻวԷ塭
ͯĻ䣬õģҲҸģǲ֪׾Ȼ֮иӡˡ
˿̣ѾѾӣڷɢˣþõģڶһɲǣȻɢˡ
һɲǣһˮ䲻һּ
Уֵʱײס˿̲׵ľϣ
һŮһڴ
𽥵ɢߵĿռ䣬ָ˺ڰһ̣ĵʹռֻȻһ¡
ףллң㻹ǿЩ뿪ɣôãڿˡ
һٻӰ׵ǰɫĴֲǳɫƵĳ㣬һ˫ۺɫĿǹϵЬ
ͨصװ磬ȴż䲻һơ
鶯ʵ㡭
ĴԺ֣֮ûһǰѾѾ
ѾѾˣò㡣
ıӣӷֱ쵽ǰ
˫鶯Ĵ۾汥Ҹ΢Ц㡣
ѾѾ㡭


520 Ľᡤħ2
ʲôû˵֣ڵĺܱ׾
ǻģҲϲɣѾѾǰUĸ飬ƺһ㣬߽
ھΡһϵͬʱȴȻ޷赲ĵѾѾİ⡣
ְڱһ㡣
ףڵ㣬Ҳžãô꣬һжֵˣѧʿˣҪΪѾѾᣬѾѾҸġ
΢΢һ漴ЩȻǣȻ֣ѾѾݺݵ§ڻС
ѾѾ˿Щ˫Ĵ۾֮УοҸˮһϵĻ׵ϡ
ã΢紵һĸоϮģ͵ľ˹ȴǷ֣ǰʲôѾѾʲôþ
ǰԼϣѾˮʪ͸
˿ڳ⳵⳵Ĵ֮ǰǴ򿪵ģǳ⳵˾Ѿ˵ˣŹϡ
Ҳǵģôô˯أô꣬Ūˣغóţ
⳵˾عͷ˵
ʱ򣬡֨
޴ɲ죬Ȼ׵Ժ֮Уšءһıըһ
ǡǡڴ˿̣һ͵£һڰĿռ併٣׳׵˽ȥ
ǡ
͵һͻȻ󳹵״ʵ˼Ļþ֮˳
۾ʪˣѾص֮УǶһУȻ޷
һУԽ֮ǰһɲǣǳ⳵Ϊ˲μһģʱǳ⳵Ϊ׶һ߸ɵĴײһ𣬷˾޴ıըʱһҲͬʱ£
ʱ״ԽˣǴԽ֮֮ǰһУѾȫˣΪֻ֪˳˽ȴǲ֪иϸһС
ݼ䣬Ϊһʥ鵤Ȼָˡ
ײЩꡣ
˿̣֮кܺڣҲ棬ͬޱ߼ʵĺҹ
ѾѾӡȻģǴ˿̣Ҳ֪ЩΪѾѾվƽ磬վǲߵһ
ǣԺﵽľ磬ЩܣǹȥȻѾΪʵܸıʲô
׺Ȼ֣˿̵ĺЩΪִļ䱻ѰأǱѰصμ䣬ôĿᡣ
ѾѾһͯ꣬Щ棬Щ¶ĸ飬Ҳ֪ͬһʥ鵤ôѾѾʱһ٣һʧܣ
Ȼ䣬ƺ뵽ѾѾ˵Ļ֮Уһĵѣ
ʱ׻ڴ֮УҩЧȻȴôʧ
һ̣ľĽȻ١
һڰӵĿռ䣬ռ䣬֮ͻ֮һԭĻռ䣬֮һ
ԶŽչ᰿裬źǿ˵
˿̵ףȴ޶˵֮䡣
˿̣ȳֵģѾѾ
ף˼Ҫôãôʱ䣬ѾѾһǰŮɣǻΪĵطǿԹҸӡ
ѾѾڴ˵
׿ѾѾһжû̫仯ȻôԺ
ֻǣ־ᶨ̾Ϣϧ㲻ѾѾΪѾѾܷһеģ㣬ǡ
ôͲˣ㲻ǵãʱѵҵ޿㿴ġţˡѾѾ˵ƺΪ֤ʵѾѾһ
ױĮȻѾѾһý˵ˣΪİˣȫĵĸ㣬谭
ѾѾǲҪȥӵģ룬Ҳ˵ֻὫָо뷨ĵס
ҵħ㲻װˣҲ㣡
׸˵꣬ѾѾʱ߳ŭȻ죬ߣףϷǿˣû뵽컹᲻ɣߣ㣬Ϊ㻹ڻþ֮Уڵ㣬Ѿþĸʥ˿ռ䣡
һ㣬ԼȻǲ֪ģ㲻֪֮еʱѩˣѾɱţһǵ׼
ŶUνˣһ˱ȥԪųһ˱ֱӻԪҿջʲôͣ
״󺧣ɫʱ粻죬Ƿŭ
һ̣Լģ̧֣
һ㣬ʱ䣬׶ȻΪ֮У˵ˣȻѾڷҲڲ֪䣬Ĩɱ
ͷң˫Ѫ죬Ҫ񣬺Ȼ䣬ǰֳЩɱЩԩħҵˣ˫Ѫ

״һʱֻǣһ̣Ȼ䣬ǰþȻʧԼȴǴһƬ޵Ŀռ֮С
ǺȻ䱻Ŀռϯһ׺Ȼ㻻һռ䣡
ͷȻȻȻ֣ռ䣬Ƭ֮еռ䡣
ռҺ׵ģһ̣ȫĻָƽҲо˵Բ
ռ˳ٿǰ󷨣̾Ϣһվ
󷨣˿ܣһ£ʱ䣬Źȥһҹ
ϵʮֵˣ˵ҲȻѩˣûκεΣա
֪֮ǰѾѾһȻͻˣħֺܻ󣬽һֱڱ
ʱ򣬼ʥ鵤ҩЧ֮˳ֻҲԪˣΪ
ȻԺĽᣬȻȻǲڵġ
ͷ̾ȴЩԶԣһľľҪ̣Ҫ̹ġ
ѾѾ飬ħܻ飬׸оǰδеΣ
Ľ᷽棬ԶԶһģأ
ʥ鵤ֻ¿ԼȥʱֻúѩһĽˣ
мּɵǣ̬ı仯ƬĹЧµϣ
Ƭ⴫֮Īܡ
Ѫ˵ƬļƣⶫֵĻѰǬͼĿռ䣬ڳΪϣ
ֻгΪϣײмЦЦ֮ⶫгΪʥ˵ϣ
ң˭ܱ֤ǱѪûʲôֻԶԷСʵ֪㣬Ѿˣ


521 ߻굺1
Ƭϲϴĸоʵĸоá
鱦ħźǿĵֿΪԵõǰȻػЧ
֪ƬҲ˴ЯǽȻ֮С
ױ˷ɽ֮ҲκεĲס
һ֮ɫѾʱѩҲٽѪ֮ˡ
Ƭ֮ǰħ飬ײû˵ϾⶫźܶΪʵ档
ٴεĺѩһױѩĻ£ѩ򿪿ռ֮ţŻصѩ֮ǰµĶ֮С
ѩû뿪Ѫ¹ȻףȴǴőUˣǰѪ¹׼Ѫ¹ʱ仧
Ͼѩ˾ͬһˣҪаʱѩߵȻҪǿ

׹ѩͬʱصⶴΪصĵص㣬Ȼ˲һ֣ʱоΧĲƺͻҡ
˵Ѫ죬صĶϱ۲֫ѪɫѪȵȣķ£ⳡңԶԶ׵
ԭʵޱȵ󷨿ռȵȣȫΪ棬ɽ֮еĶҲȫ̮ˣֱһƬǽ塣
ѩһۣ˫ܿԷеĺȻ֮ɫ
־ǿ֪ģΪ֮ǰ󷨵ǿȣģػȻȫıˣⲻò˵Щʵ̫
׺ѩͬʱȻΧһƬţȻһʮΣյĸо
Ϊѩʹÿռ䴫ͣȻʵѾ˺ܶ࣬ʹĴͣȻʮֵء
ԣڳɽ֮еʱѩʵҲʣ޼ǿѾǲˡ
׵ѩǰһΪҵȴֱȽεɱ¾ѪأѪ֮졣
Ȼ֮£ȴͣȻڷԲƽ׵ķΧһĿռ󷨣Ȼ⿪ٳĿռ֮УϽѩָ
Ȼħϴ񣬵ǳɳѩҪǣ׵ʵŲۺڣԲźܳľ룬һ۴ԲֻһǼ˵ǿߣԿġ
˵˿̵ѩױ㵱治ǶԷĶ֣ѩʵֱӹϵ˽Ĳˣ
ֱӵѩżƷĹԪȻָһСĵػš
󷨣֮СƣչռΪ֮ãһ󷨣ر޸ơ
󷨣һʦܲõĳⲻҪ۵ĸ򣬸ΪҪһֳԽ̬ųɣȻĲٿأҪľС
ⷽ棬ȴȫ󷨵ֱǾţһëѣ
󷨵ãҲǷǳԵģڲֳĶǾԲаĸӦģǣ˴ƽ׵ķΧȥоʲô쳣
Ϊ󷨿ռ䣬ڿռλķ϶֮Уʵռû̫Ĺ
ΪҪһ㣬λÿƼΣգԽΣյĵطԽǰȫǰһ㣬Ž
ȻʱĲʧѩҲȫĻظʱʱѾȥ˽ʱ
ʱ֮УȻżɱ֮󷨿ռܶ˲ֽŲȻȫ֮
ȻҲ֪Ȼ˻ɵĻôֻҪ󷨷һô̫󷨿ռ䣬Ȼ߽
ֻǣ׶˵ģô죬Ҳȥôһط
ѩӦռûʲôʱѩٴεȻȻĳ󷨿ռ䡣
ͬһȻ뿪طȻѩĴ£׳һطȥ
ѪأΪҪģ
ʵҲǴѣ˵Ǿ·Ѿ̳ɺˣҪԼȥȥȥ
뿪Ѫģֻǿűֶ뿪ҪѪأôҪһĻԵˡ
Ѫأд߱ȱȽǣͨģȴûС
Ѫ֮Уһĵ죬̤죬Ŀʼ˿飬ѰԵ֮·
Ƭ죬߻굺
߻굺֮·Ϊݾɭ֡֮Ȫڤ޺˫޵쵶ߴ󲿷֣
߻굺ÿһ󲿷֣һ̣һḶ́
Уʲôû֪ΪκһˣֻҪ˿ݾɭһ֣ûлųġ
ˣ
ѩںǰĹ֮УѾ˵飬ͬʱҲϸĽ߻굺ĿֲȻֲֿҲֻǴĿġ
ǣѩΣյ֪Ȼʮŵùģ
ˣѩأ׸˼֣
ѩ˵ļɵɴ˿ɼ߻굺治ʲôȥ
ңҲɵƣ㣡
ѪôһƬǱģǱѡٽģʵʵĶ࣬ôˣԴ֮еõԵɴ˿ɼﲢʲôõط
νһḶ́
ȻʮֵľˣȽ˿֮УһΪıôѪصıѾ˺ֹǧ򱶣
һ㣬Ҳǹؼ
ѩ˿̴ǰĵط߻굺
ȻǳΣգżƷĹԪ볬ǿ쵤ֵҩʵ֮Ѫ¹صҩƳģҩЧ˵ĺã
ѡ֮뱻֮˵𣬱ѡ֮αĻᣡ
Ҳ˵ѡ֮ˣϽӡǣεӡʧ֮ǰܵĹʱһǲȥģ
Ȼһιӡǣʧһ
ѡٶ˵ĺôڡ
ӡ޷תȡģϾʥ֮ϵǿ߸ıͨȻͬһ㡣


522 ߻굺2
ѩȻûǵĵҩŷǳֲֵҩҩЧ֮ǿֻҪ˲佫ڵȫĿ˵Ļô˲ָ󲿷ֵƵġ
ˣѩŴȥһ߻굺
ϾԽȥԽǲ
ѪȻɱ¾࣬ʱԽã˱ҲԽ࣬ѶȽԽ
߻굺Ѷȣ˵ģѩŴ
ʼҪԣżһԣܱȳѵʱҪһЩ
һЩȴģΪ˶Ǳ뷨Խţ³Խң
ϸĽһҲйؼȻûʲô顣
зˣҲһȻʵ뱾٣ײʲô
ƬϣⶫĺôֻҪӡǶҪõĺܶ࣡
Ȼֻһָоţĸоû
ңԱ˵ƬڳɾԿףһ㣬ƬӦʮ˵ã
ȻһЩ˽߻굺֮УûܳΪûЯƬԭ
뷨ûκθݣֻ΢΢һ룬ҲȻˡ
һ··;ûʲôգ˶ʮֵСġ
·ǰķҲǵ׼ǰķǿԽС֮ǰ
ѩ֮ԴҲףΪɫʥ黨֮⣬ҪǣطܺܿĲ׽߻굺һЩϢ
ѩǱѡٶģȻӡǣֻǿϧӡǣѾεɢˣϴѩű侲ǿ
£ѩûӡǣĻظҩŰһЩƬ⻤ȻЩɵǸģȴڴ
˺ܿ߻굺ԱߣΪ£ĿȥһƬ
Ѫ֮УкģΪΧֻ֮ضѣлɽ꣬Ͽȣɽӡ
ں֮⣬һĵطǾ߻굺
߻굺һ޴ĵ죬֮ϣͬͱڣɽʯŻɽ꣬ɳĮ
ԶԶĿ߻굺ֻһô
˴˿ѾԳΣû䡣
ˣһ㲻䷢ΪȻǰ߻굺ˣǿʵˣ
һȻܿϾһµˣһսʥ˵ˣɼͣ
׼ãֻҪ췽ͽ߳һٲ̤ϵˣѩ˵
һٲû⣡΢΢ͷʱУ޷߻굺Χģһ㣬ѩ֮ǰѾ˵
Ͼ߻굺˵أһ˻߶УǲҪ
ˣһϣֻȡȫͽ߳һٲԲ
ȡʱͽˮϵʱǽֹ˹ģ֮ǰжôĳޣһ˷⺣棬˿顣
ô˱㲻׷ɱ
ʱ˲аĶ֣ôϽµ׵֮˲ʹҷ
ѩ⺣
̤Ϻױ㷢֣ʱ򣬲֪ΪΣǰԶȻָ߸ͬںϡ
׵΢΢һݣʱ򣬾Ȼͬʱ飡
ѩƺֲ֣ģ΢΢ЦĪҪţѪ˿֮ˣԶ룬Ҫ֪Ǻʹ޹֮أһԲ棬˶ã
۹ȥٸʼûиı䣬лԵ֮ˣ㶼ᱻѡٵ֮ǿߣҲᱻ⵽һΣֻ߸ӦǱȽٵˡ
жʱףԭѪصľ޴˿ڣʱۼģԭˡ
Ҳѹ֣ѩٶǧ꣡
ǧ갡Ƕôֲݰ
֮ǰѪضѾ֪˶ˣ
ңһЩԲǿ߶ԣǧ꣬죬ƺûж
֮УһȫͶ룬꣬㲻ʲô
һԻûжͬѩ㣬ǧ꣬Ǻġ
ֻ˵ʱ䣬ЩУ
Щпһ룬Ҳףԭطÿ춼ǰ߻굺ġ
ǰ߻굺ˣһĲһΪֻͬһˣһϣȵһĻôһռ俼ˡ
ҲףͱһЩư֮ĶĹЧ͡
׻˼ţѩȴˣ򣬱룬߻굺Ѿˡ
׵Ȼɽγ״̬
Σյĵط״̬Ǻ҅ıҪġ
ѩҲԾСĵ̤߻굺
̤߻굺ǰ磬ʱȫı仯
ⲻǿռ䣬ҲǻþʵʵĴڣʵʵ̫ˡ
߻굺ĵһվݾɭ֡
ݾɭ֣ͬһ˼ɵĺ
ΪһƬɭûдһƬʮïܵľ޴ɭ֣ɭǲŨܵҶ
ⶼ֣һĺľǣÿһϣĸλͬһԷ䡢䡢䣡
ķΧʮֵĴ󣬵һĿֲ
һ˱һľУܿãȻÿһÿһݶǾӣ־ӣõģʵġ
ķĿռ䣬ʵ
ôĿռ䣬Сռ䣬ССռ䣡
ÿһռһ壬ͺñһǧǧǧһǧǧСǧһޱȣ
һû߶ȷ·ô뾵֮е磬ôϱɣ
û֪⵺ʲôΣգⲢû֪֪ѾԶ֪
·ˣ޷ͷ
ֻвϵȥ
˲䣬ѩѾãȻףȻͬãȻطƬȴɢһĹΣռʱȻ侲


523 ݾ֮ɭ1
·ֻһ·ʵģһ·Ѷȣ֪
ǧɵ磬׺ѩûи̤һ
ΪٸΪá
ȻһأģԲֻΪģԣ
ȻۺҲһȫֳ
ǵһأһصѶȣʹﵽ㣬Ѷȣ
Ȼѩ˼֣Ƭػ˲ûã״̬ʵҲò˶٣
ʱϺͿֲźãΪѵļʶ̬ĵط׵ģݺݵ˼£
ѩã֮УȴûжһΪʼѵʱһ£Ҫʥ鵤һػʹΣյʱܵһҵı״̬
ңǰҲûа취ȥԽһ
⣬һߣҲò˼֣̤ɭ֮֮󣬻ͷѾû·ΪͷҲͬɭ֣ͷһĻͷǳǰߣҲ˵
ννʵؼģǿİԼԼ̬
һ㣬˲յˣֻˣײŸûж
ѩһ㣡
ֱԪ
ֻǣ⴫ʯһ㣬ûа
֮£ǣѩ֣ȻػԼƬһĴݵѩڡ
ȻΪʥ鵤Ǳܵػ˿ѩڽӴƬ֮΢΢һ£𽥵Ļظ
ָ֮Եģڼǰ֮Ҳزһ£ȻѾȫǰڵĻˡ
ǰ˵߲Զͬżˣ⼸ˣ֮ǰ֮еĳЩˡ
˿̣ϸĿһ£֮ǰˣֻܣˣһһŮûж֮⣬ˣ̤˲
̤ǰߣƺûʲôͬͨߣһޡ
ֻǣ侲Ĵ֮п쳣
Ϊˣ˿ȻȶʮֵʶϬʵȴЩӲͬʬһ㡣
˵˵̲̣ôߣȴǸû߳׵˵ߡ
ˣߵʱԽΧĿռ֮УЩ˵ӰԽԽ࣬ԭֻˣǾεķ֮󣬿󣬼˵Ӱ
ˣһֱھֹ֮У׶һ
ԶЩ
ӵƺȻãص̤һŮӣ̤һ
һ£ˣ㳹׵ʧ׵С
Ȼ֮УȻֶһһŮӰʮֵĹ졣
ͺԪ⾵֮һ㣡
и̾Ҳɴ˸ԼôȻ뷨ˣ
㷽Ǻǿģһ̣ȴǲ̫ŵ̬Ϊ̬ｫܾԵĴ

һ㣬ײҴ⣬Ҳ֪Ҫ߻굺ߴؿôôף
Ҫʱ䣬Ҫʱ䣡
ײϸһ֮ȷ˵һķ
ǣûжѩҲһ£Ȼȷǰķ
ѩ˲Ƭػ£ܱͬԵ侲
Ľģȫһ
һ׵ĵȥһ㡣
ϾһˣͣЭĻȻҪü֡
㶨˽ͬʱ̤һ
һ̤֮Ȼ仯һ£Ǳ仯ʲô׶˸޴ᣬֱ仯ʵڵġ
Ϊһ֮ܵľȵȣû˵Ӱ
أ
ѩǼɵĿܣϾʾԵ߳һΪգҲǺõġ
һͬյ˶ԣҲһߡ
ˣɫЩͳ˵
ѩɫһЩŵĵǱЩҶɱˣ
׵˵ͷݾУݾɭ˵Ԫֻ֮ǻӵǿ󣡡
ѩɫɸӵˡ
˶û˵صĿܡ
˶ûƶǸо֮ƺȻʲôǷҲһ
ЩνĸоϵĹΣյȵȣħһĶ˶Թʥ鵤ЩþȻ޷˵ľ
£ֻȻʼһ㡣
㣬Խǵ˺棬ԽǼѡ
ڶһֱʮ꣬ǰȫģ̣ԽԽˡ
˵ʮһѾҲ㲻κεķˡ
ʱ򣬺ԵģӦ֮УΪʼӡ֪ݾ֮ɭ巶Χƺ󣬶Ҿ֮ĲһŽΪԶľ롣
ʮ֮Ҳκˡ
ǿߣѾǿߣҲ֪٣ǻѾ޷ա
ʱѩ㱻
ȻȻ㣬Ѿвͨˡ
ռȻ˸ɫĴ͸һĹâȻǿݾһ֣·ʵϣΣա
׳ã֮£ֻÿ㣬óķλȻԪ񣬽еһԪͶΪܴڵʵ·ĵط
Ȼ󣬱ǵȴḶ́
Ԫ̽·ȷڻңҲδһֺð취ַԪ񲻵һµǿߣ֮⣬˸޷Եġ
һΣյĳ̶ȣǿ԰յġ
ǽڸĵĲϣףҲ̫׵ʹã
ң²ŵһΣգѾƳ׵Ļһڶ㡢㣬߲أ
ѶȣֱĴ
ԪͶǰҲһգ׶ʱӦƬԪһû룬Ȼ仯촷ۣ漴ʧգ
Ȼ׻Ȼ俴ܵĿݾͶӰϣ׷ģȻЩڲϵӳ䣬ȻԽԽ࣡
ɫ΢΢мֲ԰ףɫȻҲ˼֡
аһ£֮ǰǷԪ۳Ϊ̽һ£Ȼһֻ֮ˣ
ɫ仯ѩֺγ֪
ֻĽ˽׵֣ο֮ԡ


524 ݾ֮ɭ2
ѩİο֮⣬Ҳ׵ģΪ˲öԷ̫ڵģһŵ΢ЦӦѩһ¡
ȻڿŵЦ֮ѩԵ˲١
ȷʵ£ţǿ֪ġ
ԪĲֻҪ̫࣬Ҳ׵ĳܷΧ֮ڣΪҪǣײǰУʩչһηԪ֮㹻ʱָ
һ㣬ʵҲѾ赣ˡ
ҲĵŵĸԴѩҲ뵽һ㣬Ȼ
׵΢΢Ǳһõʱ䲢µĻȻȽ϶ӣȻĻ󹥻ȴûʲôʵԵ˺ûħŵǰ£Ҳһܰȫ顣
Ƭ̺ΪָٴһȻѳһСԪܻΪһıȽϾ׼ķȥ
Ƿһ룬ʱۡһ죬ӷ֮øϢĻᶼûУٴεĻ촷ۣ
׺ѩɫͬʱȻ
ǶвĵطΪĵһĵĲ
ط˾ΪΪпܣΪ֮ǰһطԱȽϴ󣬶ѩΪһĿԱȽϴ
ֻǣ˿һ飬ΣվǼ󣬿ûԪ̽·ѩ׶ˣֻѾ˴ˡ
ϸһ£ȻԺΨһжط֮ǰ̽ȽΣյĵط
οЦͬʱٴεĿʼԷԪ̽
һΣתһ룬ԪٿŽΪΣյһһħѪһо޷ܣǺ̸ȥ
ȻһģҶݾʾһУһʶ̬
νʶ̬ضģͶӰ˵Ժ֮Уȴģģܱ仯ġ
ʶ̬ݾ֮ɭǽʶ̬޵ˣһ֮£ҶԺ֮񵽵ģͲôˡ
ȻҲԿǻþǿħ֮ģʵҲࡣ
׵ķѪڵһɲǣ׸оԼϵ亹ˡ
侳ĸо̫ʵҲ̫ڿ־壬⡣
ǷѪ֮֮һɺڰϮƺ˲Ҫ촷ۡ
ֻǣ׼ɢǷɻǱ֮Լ˺ʱ򣬺Ȼ䣬Ұ֮УȻͬʱѾһݾ֮ɭˡ
ֻǣڷֵɲǣǿݾ֮ɭ֮УȻһĹâȻȻ䵽Ƿ֮ϣܲʱٴεĻ촷ۣ
ɫ΢΢һϲ漴бˡ
ѩûѯʣֻǹĵĵȴ׵Ļ
·ȷģΣ˼֣ǱҪڵһʹԽݾ֮ɭȻ֮ǰľ飬ڵڶ콫ȫ޷ʹã
׳˵
ѩüͷ΢΢𣬵ǸǺãǿǲǿĻֻһʱ߲ˡ
ǰĪ˵һʱ䣬ʱ䣬ЩѣҹûĻǻЩϣġ
۾˸ǻ۵Ĺâ˵
˵Ӧûжˣѩͬһ˿ľϲ
׵˵ͷӦÿһ㣬ҶоƺԽ˲Զľһ˵ݾ֮ɭ󣬵ҲСֻҪʮʮ뿪ˣ
ֻǣһص·ҵˣǹ߹ʵ̫
ǿݾ֮ɭǾӣӼӳɵĹߣǱ鲼ռ䣬ҪܣǷǳѵġ
ѩԣüͷٴεͨҲ޷ʩչϾͱĵطͬ
ʱѩЩ֮ǰ̫˵
׿ѩ˼΢΢һЦصģһ㱾ͨЩִ˵һأ͵ÿˡ
һأĽҰɡ
ѩɷĵĵ˵ͷĿ֮еĹڴ֮ɫԣȻģȻǹġ
Ҳ֮ˣҲôء
Ȼ׼˷ױٴεһ˿ԪܻΪϾɽһͷ廯ǧɽ۳һҪ̫־õķѶȲ
һֱӽǰȫĵ·֮Уһ̣Ĺ͵׼ķף˳ƺȻܻ仯һ͸Ĳ
ߴ͸Ĳϴ͸޴ǿʹ鲣ֱ
ڣһתΪ٣׵ķԪ񣬲û˱㱻ȻѾһϢ
ԪĸܣֱѡΪΣյһȻݶֱ˽ȥ
һ룬һɫ׵磬Ȼ׷Ӧ죬Ѹٵʱ׵罻ը׵ķǶܲɫ׵֮£ҷɡ
ɫ΢΢Щ԰ף˰죬ȻʵĻָһ£۷̽
һ̣׵ķ߿ռ䣬Ѹײڶ֮ƣȻһΣ֮أȻֱӽһ㣬ٶ֮죬ֱ˼
ֻǣһռ֮׵˼£ȻѰΣϢΪŨҵһֱӳ˽ȥ
Ļ𺣶Ȼֱ֣ӽ׵ķ棬Ȼ˲䣬׵Ԫҷˡ
һѪɫҰֽ
һεķԪ񣬿һױʶ棬ʧȻ󣬵˺׵ı壬Щصˡ
׵һڼƷĹԪָһƣɫ
֪ǻ𺣿ռ֮󣬻ʲôռ䣬ǹһ㣬϶Ǳܲȥˡ
ܿƺɳȴǲֹܳķգ
ѩɫ԰ףĵѯ
׼ѩѯʣȻѩһֻ̫֮ߣ΢Ķ˼
ѩܿסʲôĻ棿ָΪҵĻ档
ײѯʵ
ѩ΢΢һ㶣漴ŵұ˺֮ߣ֮֮УƱԴ֮ҲһҺΣ


525 ݾ֮ɭ3
ã
״ϲ֮ǰȫĺѩ˵һΡ
ѩɫʱӵˣһ̣ȴЩˡ
׵һأǹȥģұҪѩ˵
΢΢һ㶣ʲôܻΪһսףϲͳɡ
Ҳ΢΢һΣΪĻ͵ǽѩȫ˽͸ˣѩȻޣǻ֮󣬱ѾһԵŮˡ
ȻǸʵŮ
ѩСĵûʲôڽһƬռʱҪҵڣҲܱ㡣
ѩʱɫѾ糺죬Ͼô˵һδŮѣĸŮ
˵ģѩС󣬽ӴֻҲôһˣЩ뷨Ҳ֮
ڱѪЩӣʱУɱ¾֮ʲôǷ֮룿
ң֮УһֱȽϡҡĶȻѩûжа˼Ƿһ£ʵҲǺġ
ô࣬º˵Ӧò⣬ʱֱӴн룬ĸɡ
ѩСġšһȻߵĿһۣ֮ٿǰ·ʱɫ𽥵Ļظ
һʱҲڲҵˣѩȻ˵ãǱؾѩá
ңѩķ˺ѩΪӣȻһˣǱؾռ˵ģ
БUѾˣŴ檣Ѿһˡ
Ȼѩ⣬׿˺ѩϸ˵ӦǱˡ
һרһ֮ˣѾѾŮĸ֮ȫĵͶˣѾΪˡ
񣬑U˽ټѩֶͷײҲЩЦ
뵽Щ뵽ܿңŮȻзҪս֮ˡ
ңѵڲλŮãз˿ΪǵŮ
ܶ࣬ܶࡣ
׶Щͷˣ֪Լô
þܾʱ򣬾ͱҪܾСѾͷһ£޷ֹ׾ԲԽ׳ذ벽ġ

ϢʼʱֱӻսףѩϣҪߣ㲻ʲô⡣
Ͼѩ֮Ѿ޷ı仯仯̬ˡ
Լ仯Ȼûκε⣬ѩأ
񣬲ԼȥǴѩȥַգȻ˺ܶ࣡
ûѩһأ׾Թȥ
ֲ֪Ļ棬ȫ޷ʶá
ֲ֮Ҳĺֺ֮ģ
ԣʱֻܿµٶȣ
ѩȫ˶ƿأΪ˲Ӱ׵ĶսȻš
Ȼ㽫ȫı¶׵İ֮У޴̼ɼһߡ
ս̬ȶҪЧȻҪȫĺϡ
в֮£ѩվûмƽ
׶ѩĲٿȨĻôɶݵѶ֮󣬿֪
ܻΪսףѩϵʱᵽʲôޣʲôʲôʲô컡
ΪŮĸоʵĿ
սȫ԰ͺ쿪֣ѩݺݵıڻһ
ر˽ܵĲλ׵İЩа뷨ｫԼС׻ԭ
ֻǣǱ׺˹ȥҲѹ֮ǰѩ˽ߣȻͿǵһĻˡ
ֻܸ̾Լǵĵһ»ˡ

ѩ壬ĵõľ˵׵ٶȴﵽ˺˵ļ¡
һռƬ̣׻һӰֱһռ䡣
׶Ȼٴ˸Ӱܿ׵磬оһΣ֮ء
׽ҸΣ֮صɲǣѩͬʱܻ״˿ֱӻһ壬ѩڡ
ѩĸռĳ
ʱ׵һ񵽵ģǡ
ߵͨȻͬһı̬ԳǬ߶죬ѹѩǿĿռͨ⵱Ȼֱ̬ģ
丹ռ䣬ܸܵǿռּǿĻ֮֮
вɸ̾ѩ֮Ȼʮֱ̬Ǵ˿˵жԣ׸оԼܱ仯ҲûκĿܣ
װĵָߵĻԪȻ䱶ʱԸоѩ˼¡
״󾪣Ȼ֪ѩѾס棬ҪȻ˿̾ͲᰲȻˡ
Ȼʮֵǵʵѩôˣ
ѩֱӵ쳹׵Ժ֮УĻȻʮֵǿ󣬿ʼʱЩ޷ܣûбɣ
ûУСģҪҶ취ȥһ½·ôߡ
ѩţģ֪ء
׼ѩΪ֮Ȼ侲ҲȻôʱ֮ǰѩɵ˵ǿֲ棬Ҳ˼ͬС
ײҾʹͷųԪ֮ԣʼ
֮ײεķ֣һΣƺߵ˾ͷһ
ڣ˴ŲߵʮĲһĵطƺûΪΣյģҲûΪȫģеͨࡣ
״˿ҲԹˣĵ⵽˭ãҪô̬ô
׻˼ţûκνʱѩȻϲ˵ǳˣ
΢΢һ㶣漴Щĵţˣôˣڻ֮𣿡
֪ˡ
ѩҲ֪ô͡
Щ죬ĵԼȥԼһܲס뵽ѩѩ飬׾ѩ


526 ݾ֮
ˣǻһ
׶ԣֻ̫ʧЩΪѡ
ѩĻ֮󣬵ѩߡ
ѩҲѾָΪģ
ʱĸܵԼڻ֮УŻķգʼɲǼҪʹоʧˡ
־޴ʹ࣬ڷԪʵǱɣڱ忴ȴǲɳܵġ
ײоʵûʧоʵƺ˼֣ر壬ƺӵǿһЩˡ
ܸоֽǷǳľ˵ģ
׿Ż𺣣ôˣ
ѩһЦ¶һѿɰСѣ׵㿴ǱߵҶϡ
ԣɳѩָŵĵطȥһײǾüˡ
ΪȻĿ֮ǰˣеһ֮䣬Ȼ΢̸̾š
΢΢ɻ漴ѩ⣬ô£Щû
ѩ΢΢̾οЦݾ֮ɭǶƭˣ
΢΢һ㵣ӦѩЦſ׵˾߶ԶȻעŶϣĳֺ
ңÿһصѶȣҲ˫ĸۺϣȻܻѶȵģϲôԶ
ǣȻ˾˵ȥˣΪȺôȻĪģڽһ֮أҲŰá
һʧܣȻֱӱ͵˵һڶص밲ȫ
ˣٴ˵أʧˣǰȫ򡣡
ѩЦŽͣŻȻֻǣЩֵĵѩΪ֪ȴǲ֪أ
ѩЦεΪ֮ǰĻ濼飬ûܹܳȥʧˣǣƺֲȫʧܣΪҲûг⣬Ҳ²⣬ǿԿסģȻ
ԣҲɿЦ
Ҳ֪ѩ϶˺Σգ׳ģȻڳ֮ǰѩԼûʶ
ⲻѩ˽֪ûΣգҲһأ˲ֻ׳
Ҳɸ̾㲻ΪʲôҪôݾ֮ɭ飿òֻĥ׺ѩߵĹؿԽ٣Խûʧ
һЩǿߵ̬Ҳ޷ȥʲôڲλﵽߵľʱĵĸ㼸ر㣬һЩ֮֮ȥѰңҲһʱȤѡ
ѩ˵Щ֮ϰ׹һʱʧˡ
ʱкȻЩնĸоƺʲôҪĶʧȥһ
Ȼ֪ѩûֻûʧĸоȻǿң
ĹģΪѩĺõԭ׶ٵʲôƺԸͶԷֿһ
̵ģ֪ôӻ¸ˣ
ֱˣ˵ĸоȻһɲҵķŭŭҲֻƬ̡
ǿĺô׸ûϡ
ֱѡһط׾ôһŲ˽ȥ
Ȼһ̣ռ䶸Ȼ䲻ôۣҲôˡ
Ҷݾʧˡ
ǰԶѩµվȴףжŮҲȻ²̸ʲô
׶ˣ΢΢һͣ漴ָֻƽûٶ׶˶עĿʲô
жˣƺѩ࿴˼ۣƺҲЩһ
ѩˣûע⵽һ㣬ȴǽĿ˸ӡС
ˡ
ѩ˷ܵĵ˵žܵ׵ǰ
΢΢һЦ漴ȵѩͷǵĵСѾͷŶã͵Ȳˡ
ѩܵ΢΢һͷߣһˣðﶼһˣȶվˣ
һ죿
׻Ȼľ
һ̣ǷЩˣ
ռ䣬ƺıﵽ˽ٱһǧһʱ
Ȼ˿׸Ӧʱ򣬷ƺʯ֮У޶
ʱ䲻һĿռ䣬Ϣռ䣿Ϊ˲ǰʱ䣿
޷϶ʲô֪ʱбĿռ޷ͷصģ
ΪĿռٸҲ޷Ȼȵġ
ԭд㽫ʵһٽһ㿼飬ʱȫû뷨ˡ
ԽãǾͻᱻĥµԽƽ
ȡϣȻӦѶȵĵط֮һưȫʵȴΣ
뷨˺ɵĸѩѩ΢΢һ룬ɫʱ˼֡
ĿɰҲʱķһߡ
ʱָܵĿ죬ʱɫȻ˼֣Ŀһ˻ȥ
΢΢һɫȻ԰˼֣ĿȴǶţҲֱס
֪ռ⣬Կ˿ռǰԵһĤ΢΢ɡ
һ㶼֪һȥ浽ʲôΣա
ײʩչκ֮ǰĿ壬Ҳûзʲôֻһɵɽƶѡ
֮ðƻסӣǲϣ˸֪ôﶯʲô֣Ҹǲϣһʱʹʲôġ
ݾ֮ɭΪһأƼ򵥣ȴ˼̵ӡ
ײΪݾ֮ɭ򵥣෴Ϊݾ֮ɭ׶ڽļɵ
ѩһۣһ㣬̤˹ĤΧʧС

ˣǲ֪
Ӻ𽣬ҹˣҪҲ۵ȥ񡣡
У̫СˣΪ˷񣿿ĸ룬ֻŮˣƺ̫ް˶ԷԪĻοǴбˣ
ޣһҲˣӦòеˣʵͬһ㣬һּΣյĸоʵ̫ڱ̬
ңӺ𽣬Ҳ룬ģûôЩлɣûĻĻ۲̫̰
Ǳס˰ɣҲ˭Ŀôע˵ģӺЦ


527 ׺֮
Ӻ໥ţǵĿ⣬ȴǶǹĻ֮ûתۣȻЩĿڲһ
ϣƺȷʵĿ⣬ʵΣȴ˵
ΪҪһǣˣһģ
Ϊﵽ۴Բ磬Ҫٳ߸ͷһѶȿ֪
òһʵŮӣźܴĻǵΪһ㣬֪ˣ
ӺۺڴԲޣʵҲǼΪ˵ģƿ״̬ٽһԴﵽľ磬ʮۺˣĳֿǾһ㣬ﵽľ磡
𰡣
־ջ֮󣬼ֱġ
ˣ඼ָܳΪ𣬱Ǳ㼫˵ˣνʥˣȻ붼ģΪʵ̫ʵˡ
ˣӺ˵ƺʮǰȴǻŷţƺҪԷĹ㣡
ֻȻ˵ٺã˫ƺĵ׶֪ЩʲôȻ޷ɹʶ
ðɣҳϣȷʵ˼Щεĸ̾
ȻҲȷԼʵŮ֮£Ŀ⣬Ҳȷʵżļɵ
Ȼûа취̣Ǹɺѡ
Ӻ뷨Ǹӵʵ
ǾǣҲУɲǣһŮӱܵĻôǻĶֵģĺôӺǲκ˷ġ
ңӺҲţ˿̵뷨ȻҲ޼
ĺôôܺͱ˷
뷨Ӻ𽲻ȥ˼Ϊ˶ԶԷ൱ϤڵõŮ֮ǰһԶԣǺܰȫġ
ҲУԷʵȷʵףǷ׺Ҳϣ㲻Ҫʲô˼ӺʵҪǿôֵģӺɫ
ɫ΢΢һӺ𽣬ʲô˼ΪǹͷᶯֲɣȻŮȷʵʮ˵ãɵɣĿû֮ͨǰⲻ
УҲ֣صľ㣬ҲҪʲô˼ȻȻ˵ʵǿôһ㣬ŭˣʱҲô뿪
ɱˣɲֻˣ
ľ棬Ӻɫ΢΢һȻ仯˼֣漴ã˵Ķԣ£ȫͬЭȥԼҲñ֣ǱΪԼ
Ӻɫ΢΢仯˼֣һ˫ӥĶ
΢΢һãǱˣΪΰԣڵõŮ֮ӺѪطΧΪŮ๥ΥģܽԪɢ
Ӻɫ漴ҲӺҲΪΰԣڵõŮ֮ѪطΧΪŮ๥ΥģܽԪɢ
ڵزʱܺ϶ΪһһĻˣϾھ޴£һжпܷġ
˲֪ԪɫȴǾ˵С
ˣȻû˵ʲôϵı飬ȴǸǧ
Уʿ֮УһΪͭɽǿ׳ƺʮֵǿᣬƤڣʮֵ׳󺩺ʵϴĻʮ˵á
ѪأѾ˶ꡣ
߲Զһӣкϳ̣ͬһʵǿˣ俴ʮСһ꣬мֲҰףма죬˿һ֮Щζӵĸо
߲Զһǳɫս׵ŮӣŮò˵ʲô֮Ϊƽͨһ첻ŭһһ˵˵ƣŮü
ˣǲͬ·֮ˣӺ𽲻ͬǣ֮䣬඼ôϤֻΪһͬ߻굺ϢĿռ̸֮ʶһ¡
ڵΪһ㣬òøԶļɵ
ȻΪɵģһͬһŮŮʵӹɵģ˸ΪɵǣƺڶԷʮֵΣ˵ĹǱһҪǿ
ˣһСһˣȷʵһˣֻˣʼҲǴӴɱ֮нʶȻɾһμѻġ
ѾʮֵĶ
˿̣Ӻ˻ûϣˣʱҲ̧˹Ļ
Ӻɫ΢΢һ䣬ȻҲ˵ͬĳǹĻٵı˹ȥ
ۡ
ۡ
ӶĹĻѵƬ̣˾Ǿ׷׵Ͷ˹Ļ֮У
û֪˵ΪʲôȥһȻǣǣƺֻΪ˿ô򵥣

Щ飬ǲ֪ҲҪ֪
Ŵ˿̵ʵڳ䲻£ЩŽˣһ֮С
ϾǿߣڱѪȻǿҲǿһˡ
ڴԲԼܶԸ׶ʵһŵģ
ۺڣʥ鵤ϴۺڳԲǿߣ޷жԣҲȫа˲룡
ȫûк֮ǡ
ӹĻ֮г֮󣬲ϣǰȻһƬ
˼壬ں֮е
νӦþ֮ĵطİռµĸۡʮֵ⣬Ҳʮֵ˵ãǼƷȲϵġ
ɽԷȻǿΪķŵġ
𣬱ۺڴԲǿ߻Ҫǿ̫ģо޴Ĺ֣ġ
ˣµ޷Сġ
ѩֱӵվɫĺϿա
µˮ棬ʮֵľ޴׵޷ˮֱĤƣ
ѩǸˣ
ѩ߱壬ˮȻǵӦ֡
ֻǣһˮ֮ѩɫ˼֣һؽҰɣ㻹ǵڼɣһѶȳ󣬶ҲƺԼĺЩˡ
ѩԺ֮д


528 1
ǡǡ̤֮󣬱һ˿ŨҵĲ̬ҲĵţóˮһأһǱȽϷĵģԼҲҪģ
ѩصĴӦʱѾâѩڡ
ʱѩȻ仯˱壬Ȼβ͵ڿг鶯˼£ʱռƺ
ˮԭͬһ˿ȴǺȻƿһ϶ѩ֮ȻСֱӷ룬ˮ֮µĿռ䡣
һ̣̹ǵĸоֱͷƤ飬ѩı£һֺ֮Ҳ׶һ¡
׳ɾͷɽ֮η壬¶ȵ͵˿ֲĵصʱ򣬱ټӲĶҲ׻ѵģɴ˿ɼͬӲĶĿǣ˻ߵ¶֮⣬͵¶ȣҲͬĿֲ
֮ԶڼҵϺļɵԭȻҲⷽġ
ֻڸܵϺƬ֮󣬱ָ򶨣ѩȻѾȫĳ
ܸоѩƽٶȵľȣʹһֳؼĻһƽĸо
ʼʱ׻ʱΪѩǼ֣Σ֮ױҲȻٵʲôˡ
ѩʵ׵ģѩμȻݲȵĽ֮ҲڰȻ֮ˡ
£ܶʵȻǺá
Ȼ޷ڶʱ̫࣬Ƕ׶ԣܶһʵһš

ʱš
ӣݡ
ѩڣѾ˽һ£ѩȻ֮У岻ʱᴫ޴𶯣״ŵĵطʱռᵹתһ¡
ս
սѾ°ٳˣ
ֻǣսƺֹһ㣬ÿȻظ
ѩҩָˣҲЩ뵡ˡ
һºһ죬ѩֹͣż־ϲ־뵡ĵſˡ
ЩжʱֱӴѩĿз˳Ȼ˲仯Ϊ׵ģ
Ѿûֱ̹ǵĸоҲûνˮ֮ĶǴһͯ硢һλÿռһĵطһرΨĸо
ĵطѩоʮãףȴǸоЩףҲЩ
ԽĶԽǼ˵Σգȫᵽ
ˣ˿ܵı֮лĿռ䣬üͷ΢΢
ѩҪע⣬Щ쳣ȻȻҲԿоЩԾ׽˵
ѩԣʱҲɫޱ仯Ŀܣ峺Ŀ֮УżãȻ
ȻֶŮˣĻЩԵģңƬʱҲѾףżǿȻ
֮ûյȻ󣬴ҲΪƬԭ
ѩЩģ뵽֮ǰģ׺ɵǣѩ֣ȻѩЩߵĿ֮УֱӵĴƬȥ
ͬʱ׺ιѩżƷĹԪ
һ̣ѩȻ˼֣ͬʱҲĿ
͸ģȫ޷֣ϸĿȵȣȫĴڡ
ռ䣬ŵɫ͸ʹռӳĵЩ졣
ʮֵľ޴󣬾Ǿ͵ŷ޹űһһ⡣
ǣѩûзſΪϢҪһƬֿܵģһֻ֣ѩ޷ˡ
ߣǽȥ΢΢
ѩûκ
һ̣͸˽ȥ׺ѩͬʱоߵѹȻ˲١
ѹҲڳܵķΧ֮࣬û̫Ծ
ڲʮֵĿտЩƲȫͨܣ·
˵ţͷĴˣŲƵ©ֳһ޴ģ
ȻǴĵڶ㣬ֻ׺ѩԥţȴûѡֱӵĿ˷ѹȥ
ڲСĵĴš

һߣƾŸԵֶΣһˣȺ֮ͬ
֮ɣΪҪĻѩǰɱ·޾Եʡ
Ȼս֮ģЩûһ
֮˼ûʲôԥģ֮˽ȥ
⣬ȴǵˡ
ϾѤĻԽãȻԻԽ
ˣرӺѩΪĿ꣬Ͳüæ˦һȺǿ߲źãûüһܣѾɵĽ֮С
νǲ֪ν˼򵥱˲׶ֻ֪ҲЦ
˶ûע㣬ԶԶļ׵˽ȥˣһȫĸŽ룬ﻹȥֱʲôΣգ
ֻս룬Щɫͬʱˣһıü˵ĽƲȴƫƫһκηѹʵа֮
Щˣһ֮ŻģǱһ־ӵļǿ˾Ƿ׷̲ԡ
ڣ˻˼¥ƺȡһ©ͼֱӷȥ
ˣаϳ̡
˿̣Ŀ˸ŹĹââ᲻ʱ¡
Ȼһа˶ʱһֻɫһޣһӣʱȫϷȥ
ֻǣڸսӽǾ޴εʱ޺Ȼ͵һ٣ȻȻԸٶȷ˻
˲֮ȻûиܵκζǾǼ˻ָ֮аϳ̵Ǳ
˿̣ɫҰһƬ˲ǣŴƬѪռ䣬ԼܸܳѪ֮
Ȼεһ£ʹúϳ˲С
ϳɫı仯£һźɫĲҩȻµĸ˶
˿̣оǸӵˣɫͬʱʮֵ
ȻͿݾ֮ɭͬǻ˵ģ


529 2
״˿ЩգⲻΪΣԣΪǰĴЩ
Կ϶ǻþͬģǻþȴʤƻþΪѩѾ߻ˡ
˵侲̬ǿ̬Ĺ۲ѩߵıԣܻ·
£ǿ·ˡ
Ϊһ̣׷֣ٴεĻص֮ǰսǸ
Ĵ֮ܶ࣬ǰ΢΢ӦˣҲѾ֪ȥ
˶վԭأѩ϶˼ַ糾Գһ΢ĵģǳ˼ģ浾ӣҲˡ
ϧ״˿ûʲô֮ġ
մ̾ȴķ֣ƺ֮ǰĵطôϸ΢Ĳͬ
޷жǿռ˸ı䣬Ϊط֮ǰĵطһطԭ
ǼȻⷽĿԣױ㲻һۡ
һ£ȻûκνĵطȻ޷ģɱЧ
ǣûѡ£ѩһۣȻǼԭ·ߣ
ѩɵûѯԭ򣬶ʮϵĵ˵ͷ׵
ٴε֮ǰ߹·Ȼڰʱ֮ٴεĻصԭ㡣
һΣ׸оǵϸ΢ĲƺСˣƬԼӦ׸޷
ƬΣ׺ޱԼĸоҲ϶ˣﲢͬһطֻһĽѡ
ˣٴε̤·
ѭ
תۼ䣬һ¹ȥˡ
һ£Ҳû֮еκһˣҲûиӦκһ˵Ĵڡ
Ĺ֮Уƺ޵ѭһڽһ죬һԭءʱʱ򣬾ѩҲܵ˲һ
ΪʱѩҲȻķ֣ʮֵˣ˿̣Ȼķ֣֮Уż˵õķУżΪǿĵøȵȣ
Щѩ𾪣Ψһ𾪵ģž޴ɽͼ
Ǭͼ
ѩ̲סжȻһɼĹâͬʱڿ׵ʱɹâȻ漴ʧˡ
ͬͼǼ֮ɫȴԶѷɫѩ
ڿѩ֮ɫ֮ҲΪж
ԵģѩǳҪǬͼڿ׵ʱԵķȨвʲô̰֮ɫ
ָоΪ˵Ĭ׸ܵʮֵ
ֻǣ֮ȻЩõĶǰǵţȴǽĹرţ͸˵طʮֵĹ죬Ҳôûá
ƬļƣⶫֵĻѰǬͼĿռ䣬ڳΪϣǵѪĻڣ˳ӦƬĸӦѰǬͼ
Ǭͼǳɾռ䣬ռ֮Уһ壬Ǭͼ컯ܳɾ֮
ɴ˿ɼǬͼռ䣬һһĪĻԵ
ɾȻĶȴ뵽ԼѾõƬʥ鵤ٳѶѾ
ֻҪ£ʲô磬С˼
һøѩҲ
Ȼ뷨׻ΪѩѩĲϧ˵жȻҲһı
һǣǬͼĵԳһ壬ָ򣬷ɾͣ
ڵ֪һʱ򣬶ǬͼʵҲˡ
Ҫһ㣬Ѿ޷쵽

Ǭͼһᵽѩᶨ˵
΢΢һЦѩεĻԵ޸ܣΪұĹϵԪ޷Ǭͼʺҡ
ѩ΢΢һ㶣漴뵽Ǳ仯ǧʱҲŲɣмϧмĪľϲȻģЩ̬
º͵ѩͷɵѾͷԵԾģαʲôԽʵʱĪ˵𣬾ʥ˾磬Ҳǲѣ
ѩʱ۾Щʪˣ漴ܵĵ˵ͷϵĵлл㡣
͵㷢һˣôʲôⶫԽ˵ãԽѵãĪҪⶫͷԡ
ѩ׵ġ
ѩ΢΢ĵ
ʱ׵֣ȴȻ˰֮УΪɫЩ粻Ŀ⣬ȴǶһĵط
ǸطԼһת
֮ǰ׶˷ûע⣬˿⵽֮ɫȻ˼֡
ѩɻĳעӵĵطȥɫҲǶʱ˼֣漴˲ĽȫȻ׼ʱ
֣˼ܼ򵥣ǾǣǬͼԱȫŲƽУȡԵ
ԭжǿߣֻλǣֻһĻ֮£ռ䲻ͬɵġ
һأ
ڲͬĿռλȴһᱻͽ롣
ûˣô֮ǰˣѾͷʹˡ
ΪɵĲǱˣһԿʮŮ
һŮʵ׶ЩĺһĶ֣׵İʵǲ
ң֮ǰ֮ˣĿ֮Եľųɱ⣡
ɱ⣬ȻѩοԹۣ
ѩѾȫ׼׵֮ԼĪʱȻռâ£ȻȻ̮һ
ռѹȻϢ
ֻоɲǼʧˡ
֮ѾѩˣѩͬģҲûмס
ˣĴ͸ֿˡ
Ե
Ȼ䣬ĸͬһ㣬쳹Ī˵Ժ֮УȻһ̣ˣһ㣬ϲ


530 Ե
ԵԵ
Щĸֵʱ򣬶ʱĴˣ
У˶һıԵƬ̣᳹׵Σ֮ȥѾˣ֮ʣ
ǣȻ併ٵĹâǵϵʱ򣬲ֳصʹʱʧΣЩڼΣջ֮еˣҲȻİȫˡ
ÿ˶ԼΪĵģõĻԵʱΪԼõľˣΪ֮ˣײ֮£֮ĸǴ
һȻ޷ӱսһŵˣһûŵˣȻǰ߸ӵĿֲˣ
֮еˣͷ˷֮ͬʱȻҲӵĽѣ
ȻһɲǶЩԿأǱϾۺڴԲǿߣڿ֮󣬱㶼ǾԵ侲ˣ
ΪԼǰĻԵЩ˷øӵ˼֣
ģȻûߣŵļӳ£Щ˵ĽҲǡô

׿Ŀռ䣬һĳɡ
Ӧ֮УѩϵȫûУʹ׶ѩЩǡ
ѩײ̫ⲻ޷쳣пһ˿Ķߣ
ˣѩ뿪ߵʱײŵ
ֵǣò˵Ǻġ
ҲΪôãϰ˻ֵ£ȻֿȷʵЩ̫Ӧ
Ǵ˿̣׵ĵģѩѹֻ֮УȻ£һ͵ϮȻǲ
Ŀռ䣬Ѿǿռ̬ˣǼյĵط
֮Уûʲô̫Ҳûʲô̫ĳҪеĻѶһ㶼Ҫ׵Ķ࣡
ˣ֮иƯһĴСһ壬ܶܶ࣬ʯȺȺһ
Щ޴ʯͷеֳͨɫеֳͨѪɫеֳͨɫɫ
Щ޴ʯͷϣ׿һĶƺϢų֮Ķ
Ŀռ䣬ûжʲôЩʱȥ˼ĶϾĻκ£ܻܵĪĹ
׿׼һȻĸӦ޷κЧԪӦǱƵģȻһıܸӦĳȥ
˵һܿ϶ãֻûѡ£϶һȥΪõѡ
ͬʱⱾܣ׻Ųɵġ
ͬǼһƮƮʧصĸоԣ֮еһͬһҲʮֵЩǲʲô˺˵ϵսףĵֿҲԽЩĹӵ
Ļʮֵĺڣһۿߣǰ޾ĺڰƺͷ
ЩĶȻɫɫȴڹߣɫҲΧĽĵطôڶѡ
׾ôռ䰿ţȻֹǰš
ٴʯȺЩɶʯȺǰװ֮Ŀֲ򣬴ž޴ٶȣףҲ޷俹⣬Ѹٵܿ
ﲢû˲ƣŲƸûƣûĿĵĴŲƣĵط
ؼʱ̣ʹ˲ֱܵġ
˽ӽһʱ䣬׶ûһˣָоЩʧһʵЩȤˡ
ǼĸоʼЩ棬һǧƪһɵʱ׶Щˡ
ٴεļһȺǰװǷ׺ٺãҲɶŭˡ
ȥʱǾͷ
׿ɲԼ˻þʧˣԼֲ֪ĻþʹûκθоƬҲǻѵġ
ʥ鵤ҩԣƬû쳣仯ֻ˵δΣ֮С
˲ܿٿſֲľ޴ǣȻڿһɫİװǳʱҲ̲סһȻȻŤתȫըһȻ価ʹ˳
ھ콣֮콣¾
콣¾ǶӦۺڵǿ󾳽ģ֮ǰ𣬱ǵ׻۷ʱ򣬾ͼɱ˽ۺڴԲǿߣ
ʹ콣¾ʽǱǿ˲֪ٱֱֹǱֲ̬ģ
Ⱦ޴Ľ۵һɲǣڰգǳ˲ƣռҲ΢΢һ١
ϸСĺɫѷʱ֣ص˿˿𻨣Ҳ˾̾ġžı
ͬʱ޴ĽȻͣȻͬһ㣬ֱ˳ȥ
ǡ
޴ĽȻ䴩͸װǣ
󣬰װǶȻһ𣬷ľ޴ٶȣҲΪ֮һͣͬʱڰװһΪ޴ĽʱǰװǵںˣȻһɿֲĺɫ棡
޴ĺɫʹڰĻӳĳΪѪɫ
һ̣һΪװǣȻֱӵıը
䡪䡪
ɾ޴ıըãཻݺᣬʱ޴Ģγɵʱγɵľֱӵ˺˿ռ䣡
ʱһҽдԱ߲Զʮֵʵ
ԹֱۣĲҺĵͳȥûһüë
£Σգǲ־һ֮ˡ
װǵľ޴ըɱһͬǼ˵ǿߣҲˣڶǣҲ΢ı谭ôһ£ȻٴεǰĿĵķ
״˿̣΢΢ͬʱĿ֮еҲͬŨ˼֡
콣¾һʹ֮󣬴۴Բǰһ
һȻôֻеײܸоһĺôֱ޷ġ
׿ճƬ̣֮ǰ
ҲǱʯķͺñǱˮѰˮԴһ

ѩ˿̲ĺ˼ף˼֮飬ԼδĲ


531 ѩ1
֪ôˣûҵϣΣˣһμʲôĥѣһὫػãȻʱ˻ԵҲʼѩ
ѩ뵽ȴûз֣Լʵֻ̬Ϊ˸ѩһѡ
ѩ͵ĵطһ֮ͨС
ͨЩ⣬ΪΧȫûκγ·ֻǰͺ󷽡
ߣһģûκε
ǣѩѩѪӿʱѪӿ˫ۣһ˫˫ʱܻΪһԿüȴаĿĿȴͬʱǰ˹ȥ
һ֮£ѩɫ˲˼֡
󷽣ͷƺֳɫĲʹ⣬ǰȴܼ񷡣
˲䣬ѩѾ֪·Ӧǳźߣǣ˿̣ں󷽵·ϣȴķ
ˣƫУȻǵЩͼıĶˣ
˵Ŀ⣬ѩȻûи֮ܵǰҲǶѵģ˶ˣѩɵ
˿̣·꣬ȥ·ѩûκѡ
ȻԣѩȻʲô
óǬͼ˶ѩԣǬͼֻһˣ
ײ֪٣ѩҪʵȻѰףԣ˿̵ΪŵˣԼ·
ѩ֮󣬶ʱҲԥȫװһ£Ȼź󷽵ķȥ
·ǵ·Ψһ£ã
ѩպʱ䣬Ȼһξ֮ͣ
˿ܣʵ޴ѩ뵽׵Щ˿̲Щ
ҪˣûʲôѶȣ
ѩ΢΢̾ϢһȻ岻ϵıСɲǼ䣬Ѿ仯ΪһСôС
ǼôСҲȻ׵ķ֡
룬ѩʱٴεĻɫʥ黨ȻеһĽ֮
ɫͨ⣬ѩɫʥ黨ǽǣƺЩ죬Ŀռ䣬ȴһ㶼Եùˡ
Ͼ⡮ԵǻԵԵߵ֮ɫʥ黨ȷʵϡ棡
һѩҲ˼֡
˿̣һߣȻ˿
ΪôãڿĵطˣǾյ֮ţ
ֶȻǺϤǻʮ˽ģϾʶҲѾˡ
׵ûôԥıռ֮֮УȻһһɫľӨ֮ͨС
ͨһ·Һġ
Ȼǰ˹ȥԪȻƣȻɲǣӦһЩ⡣
Ǿǣﳯǰȥܽһĵط
ܸӦƬǬͼӦƺ֤߳⾧ӨɫͨԽǬͼĵطˡ
һ̣׵ɫ漴Щϲķ֣Ӧһ˿ϤϢϤϢѩ
ɫѵõ¶º͵ЦݣѾͷǡţ
ɫȻһ䣬漴ɫ

ӺĿϬĶǰ¶˼֮ɫ
˵û߷˷ܾƺЩԾأӺüͷ˵
˿̣Ӻһտɫսףϵķһһܹ٣һһö񶦣
˶ʱ׼սģȻѾƴɵɭϡ
Ӧòİɡио֮Ůޣȵõ˵ˣӺüͷ˵
˵ͷҲãĻһõŮӣǸɴƽ˵ˣ
ӺɫһĿ˸˭ϣŮԪΪ˵ãһ˫ޣһǻǳ
һι㣬˹ңҪô
ӺԣƬ̣ųãɽ
¶˼аЦݵٺ٣ҵ֣ôǶ࣬ϾҲѾԤеҪʲô£סСӵģСӾΪߣʵЩޣڲ֪ôˣ
Ӻԣɫ䣬ֻǺٺЦôǿǶлˣ
۾תתû˵ʲô
˾ôƬ̣ȻǱôͻأͣ
ͬʱһۣȻ໥֮䶼˶Էе˿ɱ֮⡣
ֶΣǻϹڤߣ̫뵱ȻˣӺЦ
۾ת˼£ͬٺһЦڤ벻޵ͨҲãҵȷɽƾͼƣˡ
˵飬ȴϸ֮
Ӻ𽣬Ʋ֮Ҳɫһһģ
ƲߣǶʵ̫ˣ
ʱӺ𽣬ȻԽļɵصʮǿκεĶߡ
Ƭ֮
Ӻ˿ɫʥ黨֮ͬʱ͵һ֮жȻ˷֮ɫּ˷ܣʹͬʱ
ѩڿ˱֮ĵȴǲмһ
˿̣̰֮֮ʱȻ䣬ͬʱˡ
ɱѩǶԷŶԷ͵Ϯ
͵ϮֶΣǺޱȣ֮
Ӻ͵һҴſֲɱֱϯȥ޴ɱһ
ģİдŭʱд
Ȼֻ߳񶦣Ҳ͵һңӺ𽾪˫ۺȻ֮
ȻȻ׼ȻˮˣֶζȻ֣Ȼʮֺˣɱֲͬ
أ
䣡
ٵĹ񶦵Ĺͬʱգڵϵʱ򣬾޴Ļ涸Ȼ۵ɢɼֲ
дʱ뵽ӺиǼɵ֮Թͬɼһߣ
ģӾ֪Сûģ٣Ŀ죬ǱСһ񶦸ˣҲԷС̫ˣлһҪĨɱȻһӿûа㰲ȫУ


532 ѩ2
ӺŵʱȴȻûϷ
֮󣬾ͣĿԹĶŶԷϷҲŲʵĳɷ棬Ӱ൱ɡ
ʱ˶ɫʥ黨ܽһһռһλ˵ķλҲȷʵЩȻ޷۲쵽ɫʥ黨Ķ
ף˿̶ȻѾСĲ𣬵ѩȻɱ˿ȴû뵽ıһͱ˷ˣ˲ûоʲôס
ǰѩԣȴһʱ
Ϊ֮УȷʵһʵҪǿ󼸷֣һˣøһ㣬һԷȳ֣ôɫʥ黨ȻᱻץߣʱѩܣȻҲع⣡
˾û⵽ֻҪһͨڤɣô˽ɣ
з룬ο˸ûаķ
ѩţմȻƺҪһ͵ĺݺݵķ˹
ǣһ̣ѩкȻ״Ǳܵ͵һѾˣ
͡
Ҵĳصݺݵĳѩѩʱ͵ıɫȻҰ˼֣ȻͼԾѪɶݡ
ֻǣ˿̣һ޴͵ĵͷ£
䣡
񶦣ݺݵѩԴϣѩԴɲǼ䱻͵飬Ѫ⣡
ţô򵥾ˣԪأӺĵ
Ԫƨˣ׷ղɱķ
һ䣬͵һ
ӺҲöѾ̷棬ȷʵʮ˵á
Ҳܿ׷ȥ
Ӱ쿴ӵȥߣ
ЦӺм֮ɫ
һӣһҶȻֱӽɫҰ׶Ѫѩ͵İסˡ
ѩһ٣ʱһ޴񶦵ͷ¡
ѩ֮֮£һżƷԪȻƴѪȻǿзѳһСԪȻ󲿷Ԫɶݶӡ
ۡ
֮ǰǸٴεıҵѪģı壬˿̸͵һѪٶȸ˼֡
ϷʵĸҲż
ߣˣûõģЦ˵漴ٴεĳȥȻһ
ʱһֱǱѩȴǺȻתȻ츳ͨȻ
ڤɣ
޴ӰȻ佫ѩӰȻ֮
һֻ̣ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ȼû޴壬ǳǾ޴ӰȻһǿ幥

ȻȵȻݺײѩ޴Ӱϣѩһ¶־֮ɫѪ֮ӰҲʧˡ
ԭΪ϶ͣе񶦣˿ҲӺ˿ҲΪҵĹ
ҪԪȻǳȡԪ֮еԪ޹أѩǶԣҲνġ
ѩ˿̣Ѿȫľˣǿ֮У֮Ӻ𽣬ĽƷķҲ˵ãһܺͶԷжԣȴҲһж⻹ȱƵ˵£
ʵѩ֪˿̵Ӻ𽣬Ҳǿиɶѡ
ķ߶֮ǿҲǷ˼
֮ǰµļƲߣǹΪϣȻǿʵѩȦף
Ͼԣ˺ѩҲ൱ѣҪ£ǧѡ
ҪԪ񣬼ǲܵġ
ǽƾͼƵļƲߣȻŵı֣ϷʵЦȵȣôѩһֲеƣ
رƵѩƴʩչͨ׼ʹⱾͨҲŴԵ档
£Ӻ𽶼ĵѩ˶ǿأ
ѩѾȫıľˣͨʩչ׵ˣ˻侲Ӵ˿ˣ£ѩѾûаս֮
ֻìܣʹǾ޴񶦺ͷҵʱȫĴ˱״̬¡
ǣڴʱһӰ˲ĵǰ
ҶȻסӰȻ񶦵˵ͷ͵ȥ
䣡
۾͵ðĽǣײ㱻һҵˣ
֮ˣף
˿̵ףȻһ£Ȼ񶦼˵ã׾ʥ鵤ݾ֮ɭĻ壬Ƭػȴ׾ٵĽĹ
ȻΪҪǣ˴˿̵ĹҲ˲ֹˣ
˴˳֮£ﻹܺױ̬
ðǣеķŭ֪
޴ĳҵԴһ
һ̣͵̧ͷ˫ͬһ㣬ĶǰԶˡ
ˣڿ˫Ŀ֮Ȼһһɿ־֮Ȼ
ӣ
Ϊܵ뷨
ǣ׷ŭ״̬£˱ּأӣѣ
ЦӰһΪף
˷ߣӾӨͨܣ׷׷ȥ
ӣ
һֱʹ˽ֲĹ콣¾
ݡ
âȻ֮ͨУȻ˿޽âĵط˿ռѷ죡
ľڿռ䣬˿ռѷ죡
һ̣Ӧ״Ӻ𽣬ɫȻҰףиǱһƬ
ˣˣ
뷨
һ̣һƽ٣Ȼ󡰺䡪һǵĴƺݵĶ·ˡ
ԴհһƬ
Ǳ֮صˣ
ҲæܵټϿռѷĿ־壬ټ̬ĲȶнԵ񹥻Ǻܼ򵥵ˡ
ǲ֮ǶԿĹ
˿̱˴ԣͣ׸㲻ʵû
ۡ
ĸѪɽȻԪĲҺ֮ȻھֻͨͣƬ̣㶸Ȼʧˡ
ˣŭף˸͸
ɽ͸ɱԷʱѾ˶ԷԪ


533 ãã1
ɱ֮׵ƶʱȻٵѩߡ
˿̣ѩֱɱȻζȫһʱҲ֪˵ʲôá
ʱҲѾȫĸо֮ǰ˱˵֮ˣΪ׺ͶԷƴĹʵҲȽء
ѩж׺ǸмǸģȴΪʧһֺ΢Ĳ飬Ȼһֱǻ顣
飬ֻ״̬µѩܹõ
ѩں˼ŵʱѾ˹
ѩȻ԰׵ɫΪǱģЩѩôˣô˵أ
䣬ǻ˿ڱߣȴȥˡ
΢΢ЩĹ֮飬ƺѩģΪ˾һ㡣
һ£Ȼ΢΢̾Ϣһеĵ´ҪСЩ
š
ѩɵĻشһ
֮˱û˵ʲôˣһ˿ĸоڶ˵ͷ

ʱţתۼ䣬⾧ڵ֮ͨУѾһˡ
˵Ǵһ£ȴҲΪѩָ״̬ķ˽ʱ䣬£ȴ׼˷򣬳ǰߵġ
ƷĹԪЧȻǿ󣬵ѩΪ˵˸ԭԪ̫ȶԼҩҲ޷˲ָơ
ܰʱȫָѾʮ˲õˡ
һϣѩ⡣
ٹ죬ű߳⾧ͨˣǵˣ΢΢˵
ѩĿⶢǰ˹ȥüͷ΢΢ο˺ܶ˰
׿Ц֮УѶȱò󣬵Եԣʹǿ߱ò˵һΪͷʹ飡
ѩԳĬ
ʵϣʱҲ֪˵ʲôˡ
ٶȲǰȥȻѩ֮ǰˣ䱾ͨȴǼ˵õģϾҲκ˶ͬһܺѩˡ
ȻֻǸ··֮У׶˵սҲﵽ˽ʮΣÿһΣѩǲʲôӦʱ䣬˲䶸Ȼ֡
׸ˣѩֱ֮ӶȻ֣˲佫Ĩɱ
ʵͼ˵ãټ֮ǰԹϹﻹٱƣ˳֮£ȫ
£ĵûü㱻ֱӵͨԪһɱ
Ļ֮Уûʴȿԣһ㣬о̵ᣬ֣Ҳ顣
˼ǰţǰѩ΢΢˰׾롣
֮䣬֪ʲôʱһĪգȻ˶Ľ˼õսķ棬ȴȻ޷ա
׸Ӧһѩв֪ΪǾǻһ£ɣҲΪԼ̬ԼԼ
ǣ룬ͬʱ͵ĸоһɺϮģͬʱһ̣ȫĺëɲǼȻը
䣡
׸룬оһɾ޴ĸͷ͵ͷϣ
أ
׵Դֱӵıҷ˳ȥȴûͬһ˲ȥɲǼ䣬űҷɵͷ­壬Ȼ仯ΪһɽȻƣȻŶԷȥ
ݡ
ɽʮɫĿռѷ춸Ȼȫը˿ɫĿռѷ֮Уɫ绡ôĿֲ
ء
ɽ޸˲ײһ𣬵ǶȻû뵽ԭɱĶ֣ȻûǿĹ
ֱ޷ģ
һ̣Ȼоʶһ룬ͬʱԪҲΪ֮һ
֮£֣ˣ
һɿֲĸоϮģ־ԵĸоȻȫĳˡ

ŭһΪעصģ˺Ԫ˺
ֹѾѩϵļλ죬ԷɽסԷԪȻѩֱʹ̬Ĺڤɣ
һ㣬ѾĬ
˿̣סֵʱѩȴպüԴҷɵһĻʱһŭѾӿ
˿̣ԷסѩﻹȫʩΪ͵ķ䱾ͨڤɣ
޴Ӱͬʥ˽һ㣬ѩϣֻ˿̵ѩ壬һСһӰȴŰ׸ߣ൱ˣ

һһ֮䣬ɳء
ԭ伫õǿߣ˿Ѿѩɵ丹УֻƬ̣ȫĲ
ɣѾֱԷԪˡ
ˣɵһɲǣһâûѩ֮һɫս׵꣬Ȼӿе
ء
ʬ壬Ӳڵϣ޴ĳ涼ҵһ
ʱ򡪡
ܵܡ
һŮĺһȻģʱʾ˳
Ůòƺһ㶼ע⣬ͨ
һ֣׶ʱһǿҵΣУǵģΣУʮֵǿң
ͺñȵڽʱڤǿһ㣬ָоʮֵĲܣ
Ůĺһ֮һУʬ壬ʱʧˡ
еգʱ
գЩɲЩֻţЩѹ֡
ʱû˭˵һ仰
Ѿָ˱ģѩһһҵվţĿͬĶŮˡ
ʱѩûж֣ǲԸ⣬ǿҵûаգ
һԼһֱûʹõķҲնɷɵ̬֣ⶫϾ㲻ʲôƷ챦ȻҲ̫ŵݣȴϣʵǲ
ȻΪһ㣬Ҳޡ
ȻѾ˰ٷ֮ʮĳ̶ȣҪԸǰŮˣԼЩʵ
ңһƴˣ׾ΣƴűɣҲҪʹһؽĸ߽׹


534 ãã2
ʱҲѾԽʹýˣ
ϾظεĿ޽µĺôʵǲ٣
˵棬Ƕ⹦ļ򣬾޴˵£Խ
ǣȻɱҵĵܵܣΨһ׵ܵܣǣá
Ů˺Ȼ˫ĿѪ죬˵Ŀ⣬ͬһֻŭ̫֮ޣ
֪ڽӣиǲȴȻ壬ЦãʵñɱԹˣߣѲֻܵɱǣɱܵܣǣҲ
ŮԣʱЦʵãʵáܺã
˵꣬Ů˺Ȼ䶯ˣٶȣѾƲٶˣ
׺ȻӦʱֻΣս٣͵˸һ壡
ֻһ̣ءһȫ׵һ㣬Ȼһɾ޴鴫޴ĳʹֱӵĵ˳ȥ
ʱŮ˿û֣ͬʱļӳֵ׵ϡ
ء
һƬ˲䣬һֱ򣬼ǿᵽ̬ı壬ҲѾ˼ֹѣ
ŮӣȴƺЩ죬ΪȻ׵ǿƺЩ֮⣡
ǾƬ̵Ĳ죬׼̷˷
״˿ʹõǿֶΣ콣콣¾
꽣ĵ㣬״˿ʹõģȴǵߴΣ콣죡
콣죬һ־һɱ־һ壬һǿ
׺ȻӰȻǿͬʱҲȻѸٵ
ĿʵǺŮӣͬɱ֮
֮䣬һĿռ併ܣĿռ֮УоͶ㣬һ档
ƺ˿̾һƿ˵
һ־
ɣ
һռŮˣȻһŤһ̣һŤĽĹǶȣŮɱȥ
ٶȺͱ仯ǺŮӣѾܣ
ۡ
ɽݺݵײ˶ԷؿϣֻûһС룬ѾҲ޷롣
͵ĽɽһѪͬȪһ˿˳ŮӸһƺߣɫȻҰ˼֡
֪һУֻ˵˶ԷԪȴûɱԷ
Ԫ˺գۼ伴ɻָҲ㲻˺
ʱŮӷ͵һĳƺһ˳ȥ
ֲһǵѪǺŮЦãȻˣû뵽ǹȻмʵǣҲ͵Ϊֹˣ
ǺŮ˵꣬ٴεʧˡ
׼ڶԷʧɲǣֱܵŲ˿
ֻǣһ̶ԷĿ꣬ףѩ
ѩ֮ǰףҪʩչ츳ͨκ̬ǺŮӰ켫С
˿̣Ȼȫ䱸׼ʱӭսǹע׵Ƕ˼֣ʱǺŮӸ󹥻ѩʱѩûܷӦ
ء
ѩ嵹˳ȥµٶȣһѪɫĲӰ
ʱ׼ֱҪˣ
ܵģ׸оŮӲ۴Բô򵥣Ϊ۴Բô֮󣿣
ʹʥܡⲻһ֮׵ʹɢؼ䣡
Ƕһƣģʹﵽ˼ֲĳ̶ȣĻֻ½Ϊֲ
ڲλﵽ˼µľ磬ȫûãΪеĳЩ壬Ȼã
ͺñһأڽ罻ӵĹ֮УǿԿһ̨ԵģΪʵϣǽԴ磻ûн磬ôеĵ˲䣬Ȼȡôһ˿˲Եġ
Ȼֻһݵ˲䣬ǱϾˣ
׵ĵģǵˣȴǱջˡ
ǣԴ˿̼ĻѾûѡ
һԵĶ˶ʮżƷĵҩȻһ̣ȫĿԽ˽ľ磬ֱӿԽ콣޻꣬콣ռ塢ʥ壬ʹõǿʥ壡
һ̣׺Ȼһһķһ㣬˲˾ǿĸо
ʱ׷ѩҹĺŮӣȻһĲȻ󣬾޴Ŀ־嶸Ȼٽģ
⡭ʲô
Ȼ䣬ǺŮ¶֮ı飬ͬʱ־޴Ŀ־壬ȫĿֻ
û˭֪ʵֻǸ˲ְѣȻΪȻҪõؼĳϣзˡ
ֻǣʵȻôһ㣬Ҳûн٣Ǳ۴Բǿߣȴǿ̫ࡣ
һУ֮ܵ⣬ֻ·Լ֪

ʥ壬ӦĹȻʥ֮и̾
˲䣬ڵѾϣʮŵҩҲ˲ٿţģͬһ㣬ڿٵʧš
ʥ壡
׵ͺһһ⽣Իٶȷ
ʱѾЩˣǿΪԼһػ֮׾ôĵˡ
壬صĴӿе£ȻڵϣϵĻҳʱɢ˿
ء
صݺݵѩͷһ̣˵ѩ˫Ѿģ
ʥܻĹ⽣ûʧֱӵԾռ䣬Ȼǰ·ֱһٴ͸򵥵ĵ˾˵ĵز
ǣһĪ־һ׵Ľ˰·ٵԪ
򵥣ʵڣֲ
һܣ

·ˣĵܵܣҲѾ׶նɱ
˿̣ѩߣƽڵϣ޴͸֧ȻʹȫȵĻԡ
ʥ˵ƣżһ£˴ţֱӽȴĳ̶ֳϳԽ˹ơ
ԽƻĳͷǷǳء
һΣУֱӵĻԣǿСôܳܣ
ûбըѾǲˡ


535 ֮أ1
ֻǣһУײ֪
ƺôʧˡ
һ̣ͬ˻֮С
ȻҲȫıȫ
ѩĬĬػ׵ߣһ޴󷨿ռ䣬󷨣ȴڵ֮ǰڷ⽣֮õǸǿ󷨡
ţҲѾ뵽˽ԸԼһ·
ѩĬĬػţʲôΪһ뷨Ѿɢȥ
ΪʥΣ
ܻ׵
ѩʱ뷨ʮֵĸӣȴֺǵһΧ׵İΣǣ飬ûоˣԶҲ޷ġ

״˿ȫ˻ԣȴûʶ෴˿̣һĻ֮С
ģϤ
Ƭռ䡣
Ҳ֣ʵϣĴ֮׾ѾԼܲ²⵽
ңʥ鵤ҩԣʹʥ֮Ҳǲɳܡ
Ͼʥ鵤ҩԣѾӵ˳Ϊʥ˵
ԣϸ˵׵֮⡣
ң׻뵽Ȼ˳ʥĻôķ棬Ҳرˡ
һ棬ȻԪ˷棬巽棬飬˿̵׶Ԫصʽ壬Ͼν仯ͨҲ˵
һǣԪˡ
׵ԪǷǳǿģǿ˺̶ֳȣԼ˵һεķɣصĳ̶ȽԪϣԪ񣬲ĸ
һҡˣ׶ԣνǻԵĴ
˿̣׵״̬һϣԪ̶ȣ׸оͺǱһƤһܡ
ʱĸо̵ᵽ˽ĸо
ָо˺ܲܣ
״˿̲ã̫ʹã״̬ϡ
֮Уͬһεһʱ䲻֪ǰηȥδ
ԪˣأֱӲ˷ʹ÷֧ͬţ֮С
Ȼ֮ǰ׼ûκԥĽʣĵҩʮŻһʥ鵤ͬʱ̷ȥЧҲһ
ȻЩҩҲỹʣһˣϾûдۣǲܵġ
ﲻͬڲλ棬һжڱķ֮½УΥ淨ƻ׼򣬺룡
Ϊʥ鵤ҩǿҩЧƺʱɢףʼվôĵסһ
ָо׸оһ˿ϣƬ֪Ҳ֪Ƭ治ʱֵѵҲͬڷž޴á
׸о˿̵ԼεĻһ԰ͬʱκ飬Ҳȫʧȥ˸Ӧ
ռܴ󣬺ܴ
ȻһƬţͲãĻ׸оһĪļء
ĵط׾̫࣬Ҳ̫Ϥˡ
Ϊܶſѹ±ǿߣĵط
ӢۣǼȶįģףҲһ
״ûгϹԼӢۣҲûôΪķ׼֮УŬѰһ˿Լļˣֵܹȥ
ҲȥĶȥ
ֻǣ˿̣Ȼ䣬׵΢΢һƺһԺ֮С
˵ǳʶ
ˣʶģӡʮ̵ģ
ң˿ⷬʵģǻ׻ɣʶǼ
Ȼԭļ䣬ͬˮһУ˵Ļ

ʵˣŮʥʥŮνʥʥ˽֮ϵһֳԽ硣
һЩʥĴڣֻЩʥΪ״̬ѾԽ˳ɳ׶Σ˳׶κȫ׶ΣеʥԿĹʥǽкɾ;ȫ״̬׶Σ˶һ壬ʥ˽֮ϡ
㽫ȻǻǰҪʥŮȻٲҪһЩ飬ԣҪЩ׼
ģѶȻУǲǿ󣬵ȡʥ˽ʯʱҪעˣʯһʥ˽ĺѹѣ˱ǧֻؼԪԩħõ
һ㣬޷ֹҲҪ
Ϊʵʥ֮УȻֻһ㣬Ժܶ飬ȥ⵽ԵĴԩħԣʱһ¡
һľ棬ǣһԣγľƣԣΪ
һֻؼԪһǧ꣬ʥļ굥λǧֻؼԪԩħʵȻ޷
ȡʯΪʥ˽ĹС
ΪʥŮһʵֵõġ
Ϊ۽֣ȵǧֻؼԪʱȫȥʥ֮µпռ棬һӦûʥŮʱ޷·䷨ԣʥŮҪԡ
Ϊҵ䣬ˣȻлɳˡ
Ϊһһ磬ô磬һֱǿʳһֱĳȥ

ЩظԺ֮еʱ׺ȻԻˡ
ǰ磬ʲôϵأ
⵽Ϊʲôļأ
ѵƬҪʲô
װ˼⣬Ȼڵ˼ҲǴ½ˡ
ǻȻ䣬һ˿Ȼ
ʱƺȻˡ
ǵģʲôΪʲôȻμ䣿
Ϊλ棬ͶӰҲͬʥ˽ͶӰ
һдڵĻô磬ʯȶʵڵģ
뵽Щ׺Ȼ
Ȼ֤ʵһеʵԣô
ʥŮʥʥŮ֮ƺЩ˵ͨ
ײɳ˼֮ΪʥʥŮȷʵȻģȻ˵Ļʥ˽硢綼ˡ
ôһεĽѣ˭
׺Ȼ뵽һ⣬ǾʲôˡһˣӦ֮ˣ
ıʣѾ֣ʵ磬жôͬӦ٣Ϊ˱סʥ˵Ϊܿѣ
ױԼ뷨һ


536538 ֮أ2
˵ûлɣȫܵģ
һֱ׶һɣ£ȫǰʱ򣬲ԵôҪ
ײЩɣЩƽϣѵһУһӦٷʽ
ЩǿߣĽѣ˽ת޸µλһЩߵֶô
һ룬׷ȫĺýܶ벻ͨ͸ķ棬Ҳ˲ͨ͸ˣ
ֻǣͨ͸ˣЩԵĳظС
ײһϲֺܶˣֻҪЩ鲻ٵϣôһУνġ
ڽ֮Уô⣿
˼ãھЩˣƬĿռ䣬ױѾúģ񣬾ôȻľһأ𾪵ͬʱҲۣ
ǵģۣ
ۣϵģϵġ
ǰֹĴɽʱٷһܣôѹĿֲȥ
״˿ֿͷĿֲо
һֱŬǿȻǿ˲ŷ֣Ϊǿľ磬ңңڡ
޵ǸڴãͿδϣ
һȺʥǿϣ
𰸲ԶȻˣʲô壿
׺ѾԽĳԽиΪǿ֪
ǣƬ̣뵽ѾѾ뵽ˣ뵽ˑU뵽ѩ뵽ѩ
Ȼܽء橣˼кܶܶ࣬ܶ˵ӢЦò
һ̣Ȼ䣬޾Ƿϣһ̻޾ԲЩ˵ͷеʱײŷ֣֮еŵǣǣңϣŷ֮ܶġ
⣬γһҸ
Ҫľһĥ£Ҫľһڴ뿹⣬ɣ
ûģǺγÿ˲ΪѰһԼأ
׻Ȼ̬ȻҲȫı仯һһУ˳Ȼˮɣαǿ󣬺αִ̫
һĳΪؼ׵ĸоƺ޳̬ƺ򶨵̬ѾԽƬĿռ䣬Ȼ뵽˸Ϊһ֮С
׵̬ƽ͵ģȻƽ̬֮УԪ𽥵ƬںϵһĿռ𽥵޸ġ
ʵ˲𽥵ѵõĲ˼ٶȡ
ǣײ𾪣Ҳ֡
һжںת
׵»ָʱ򣬰ģѩľϲ뼤
ǵģһ˾Ķصʱ򣬼򵥵ԸСС뷨ȴΪҪģҲΪ˿̹ĵġ
ڲƣһеƣ֮𣬶һе뵭ȻҲ֮١
˫ۣĿͣ
ˡ
ѩһ˿Ĳ뾪ϲȻĻŲ֪㺡
˫۾㲵ݣɲǣƺӶԷϣ˺ܶĶ
ûлرܣº͵ЦɵѾͷˣºûйϵģֻǶԷ̫
׺ĵİο˵ʲôԿ϶ѩûȥġ
ѩɵĵ˵ͷңҲҪǬͼˣǾţǬͼ٣ȡ֮뿪
ЩֺЦǶľأﻹܷأ֮ˣЩΣգŶԼЩĥô뷨
ģʵȻһ޵УǴܣûģ
ѩΨΨŵŵǣ㡪
ѩҵĻ㶼ˣ
ɫ΢΢˵ˣΪǲȥ˾ͻŹǲɣ˭Ҳ֪Է˭ûرһνƴﻹʲôң
֮УǴ˵飡
ʱǲȥǱˣҲƴĶǵ󷨽ģ
ѩԣʱҲԼ֮ǰ뷨̫ɣû˵ʲôֻǺݺݵĵ˵ͷ
֮ôΪ׶ԣȻ׶ںѩ
֮ˣ㾳磬µĲΪ޷Զѩ˵Ҫ
ѩ׵Ļȫеģû˿Υ֮⡣
ֻ齨֮ӦԵĬ
ָоֻĵס
ģѩһǬͼģ
ѩᶨ˵
˵֮ǰֻԶǬͼΪԸôڣʵĿˣ
ѩ˼ᶨĿ⣬׺⡣
Ҳ֣ѹ֮ѾЩһˣƺоֹһָ߸ϵ̬
Ǻѩ˵ĽָоǸоǴڣǿң
иоԼһȭͿԽռ鿪
ףʹʥõʥ˵־ܣ
ְʥܣȻǿޱȣ
ţȴǿͨʩչ֮У
֮вĶޱȵͣ
׻Լϵı仯Ȼ䣬󷨺Ȼ
׺ѩͬʱΪ֮һͬʱ˶һۣӶԷУеս־
ˣ׺ѩһЦȻͬʱ񣬱
ҰɣѩȻ˵
΢΢ѩģı֮ͨʮ˵ãֻʩչʱе㳤ȻѾǶݵˣǸֵսֻ˲䣬ԱҪʱȽһ׼ãȻƲ֮ս˲֣һ
ңĺôڣڿҪȽϸߣҳ֮£Լٿõ
룬ԼĿ˵
֮ǰĽкܶʽֶϰġ
Ϊ׿ϰӦȻģ飬뵱ȻΪ˶֪
Ǵ˿̣Ȼ䣬뵽ЩһЩδѧԭģֻǲû㳢ԣУҲرֳģǺ̸
һ̬̽׽ֶ˵˳
׵˵֮󣬺Եģѩ΢΢һ㶣֮жʱɢȵĹâ־ϲ죬м֮ɫҲһĵһΪ綼֪ˣԭ綼֪
ѩϲ˵Ȼͬһ㣬ķ뵽ѩʵ֮
仰ô;ڷأи̾
ѩõķûг󷨣Ѿ׼ڤͨ
Ϊ֮ǰʩչѩǴæ£ȻҲЩۿۣѩųֵʱ׼ȻǷͬһˣ
˵£ѩΪ˷ܺǿĲٿأɫѾͨ
ӣǰȫʹڤͨѩνǳС
ͺñһ˱һʮֵһ
ֻǣȻѩҲַĺôҲļš
ڹǸӵ˷ܡ
ѩԾԾԣײҲЦˡ
֮Ĺ֮ˣ׿ǹܲôࡣ
⿴ֻǿ񹥻󷨣Ϳ֪Ӧ֮һģϾۺڴԲ󷨶ܶһЩûѰ˼֮ҲûѰ˼ⲼˣǷ񹥻󷨣֪Ҳôʹ
ֻǼ򵥵룬óĽۣѩǸӵĲˡ
ˣȤĿѩȥΣա
״˿ûøӦıܣȻЩΣУҲǿҡ
ѩȴһ׼ڤ֮ѩѾӦˡ
˵ʵǿ󣬾˵Ӧñѩǿ˲ֹһ
ѩͬҲˣˣֻçΪƺ˶󷨣ȫĲֻ
طھ֮ͨУ˿ƺﵱ˲ر֮ˣ
ȻҲѩ뵱Ȼ뷨ˡ
ŶԷĹֶΣѩȻ֪ԼһֱӷɳȻȻ͵Ϯһֻ֣ǶѣҲٶʲôǷǡ
Ƕʵһ㣬ν֮ǰһսʵЩӰʹڶֵʱ򣬲Щǡ
Ȼѩûע⵽ÿ˶ǿıǶô
ʲô˸ôҾ󷨣ȥȼƽϣ
ѩɳȵ
⻰ȴ΢΢̾Ϣ
ѩĲûдȴǴУЩǣЩһֱǰơ
һ㣬ҲڽγħȻɵħȥµħ٣ôʥ鵤ЧȻۿۣ
ҡͷ֪ԼΪѩħѩγûаֽУΪħ
Уֻп˵ıȥͻƣ취
ʥ鵤ֵҩһЧڶţȫʧȥãǱͷ㡣
ԣʥ鵤ⷽҲá
ߣľ󷨣ȥٽɵ㣡
⴫ֱŭȻԷûѩ
ѩɫʱЩŭͺñһһµѧȴڻشʱһ
ѩ漴ЦһȻٵķɳ󷨡
ԷȻû뵽ѩûг󷨣ɳ
Ҫʲô
Ķ΢΢һ¡
Ƭ̣ҲܵΪ̹ĵĽѵ
ݡ
һ޴ӰѩԺ˲䣬ѩı޴Ӱͬһʱ̣˲çеһλϡ
çʵǼ侪ˣڿӰ֮϶ȻҰһƬ

һ˻𣬻п񱩵ѪϢɲǼϱ˳
Ȼƴ
ǣûлᡣ
͡
һɫĹâֱӵķ޴Ӱ޵׶һľ޿֮УȻһƺ߲Һ֣֮һ޴壬Ȼ䵹¡
޺ʵ侪ˣȴô򵥵ıĨɱĺѿ
һٹ壬ȻڵϣͨΪ֮һ
һçͬʱо˿ռ𵴣ͬʱȻΣУʹܵһԡ
ɲǣֵܣΨһֵܣȻôˣ
ˣ
׳ɫ԰ףƺһ
ǿ󣬾Ȼôıɱˣ
׳Ȼ¶ŵı飡
죬׵ɱһȺ˵սСӡ
ڽ磬ǳɹɱ󳬼֣⻹һŶϣ
ˣ˶ûܵʲôˣ
һжĿǴ˿̣˵µ壬׳ƺǳɡ
ȻܵѪ֮еϵȫʧˣܵ׳ĲҺƺߣȻ䣬׳۾ˡ
ˣˣˣҪɱŮˣ
׳һȻ˫ĿѪ죬˸ԼѪɫĵ绡ʮֹ졣
ѩûעЩΪ׳֮ʵƺ˵ǿǿϢ
ڤȻǴ˿ִ̲׼ǴۿۣѩҲûȥ飬תɶݡ
֮Уѩڰ˼֣뵽֮ǰԼ뵱Ȼ뷨ѩҲһ
Ҳ֪Լй¡̫෴ħһϣĸԼԺһ˴⣡ó־ͳ֣һҪ˹̫࣡
Ȼ󷨿ռ԰ʩչڤɣʼѩⷢƺЩ죬֮£ѩƿǣǴ˶Էѹ֮£ƺ޷һ
ѩ֪˶Էޱȳ޵֮С
Ʋ˶ȥսǺɵһ¡
ѩ˿ҪģǵȣȵԷĵȵԷɢǱһɲǣ
һɲǣ˵ڣ
ԭֵģΪЩʵɣҲ˶ѣ֣־ܣǼ򵥵ļУܽˡ
ˣײŽĻøѩ
ͨεʵԱȣԼ֪ʵ˺ܶ࣬٣ۺھ磬ȻûдﵽԲʹô콣һУѾûκˡ
ۺڿĸ׶εĻ׿Կ϶Ѿﵽ˵׶ˡ
ͨҲ֪ԼһֱԸ־Բ״̬ģˣﵽۺڵĵ׶֮ʵҲѾ˾۴Բˡ
ѩʵȷʵǿȴͬһ档
û󷨣ôѩçʱ򣬻ЩǱ䱾ʵͨܣܲɱ˵ġ
һ㣬ûʲô顣
ײģȻҲⷽԭ
ѩȷʵûʧ
ڽ󷨵Ƭ֮ٴε׼ڤɵȻçĹ󷨵Ǹɲǣ͵ĳ˶Էı
ԷȻתͬģˣ

һ޴Ӱ漴çǰçѪɫĹâʱ͵ɢ˿
ʱ͵ĻָѣǣһѾˡ
ѹçƺŷǰʮֵ⣡
һ첻µزµˣһ̣һֱ͸ĸоϮģʹһ̣ԪҵĲ
ӣӲ
͡
޴ʹÿռ䶼ŤͬʱǾ޴Ӱֱӵç塣
çҺһ֮󣬱ʱȫϢˡ
ͬǱضߴ壬ͬǺȻ䵹£ͬҵ쳾
̣򵥣ֱӣûвѪصĳ
ѩɫŵĺΣżĵĹʣ׿ʮۡ
ţѾֶˡ
΢΢Ц˵
ѩ΢΢ߵųһ£ӦźܾõأѾˡ
΢΢һЦҲ˵⣬תͨȥ֮ӦþǬͼڵĿռˣЩ뿪
ֻһ·ǧ۴ԲӴ˴ΣտνǲС
š

ӳ󷨣뿪ͨתۼ䣬Ѿȥ˽¡
֮У˳˳ھͨȺ˲Էɱ֮ûʲôˡ
ɱЩˣϣǵҩջʮֵľˡ
ˣרŵĳʱΪԼѩ׻սȫװ໥ϵ£ƵսףѾﵽƷ鱦ĳ̶ˡ
Ѿˣ
Ͼ﷨ȫƳˮƽԼҲ⡣
ԭѾʣ޼ĵҩҲΪɱٶһʺƣһٴƳΪҩ
ϣҲѾȫĲˡ
ѩǬͼƺѾǲԶˡ
ƬӦ׾ϲ˵
ѩ΢΢ͷţҲӦȷʵڸһϣҵıӰӦʮ־׼ģ
ԣɷ˲٣ӣʮֵ٣ǱץסεĻᡣ
ѩʮͬһ㡣
һߣѩ˲ԶһŮٶȲ̤շš
׶˴˿̼ˣȻʶˡ
ΪˣǵһŮˡ
˿̣˺׶һͬĸӦĳЩ
ģȻûʲô֮ˣϾ˵ǻǿѰȷ·ߣǾ֮ͨУνΣķûʮεսĵط
һ·սԶԶΪһ·ϣǱǴġ
βֹսǿνѷ
εսĲǶߣ෴ܶ඼ͷʮִǿߣЩǿߣҲһһĵǵĽ¡
ʵֻһĿģǾǣеһˣĻԵ񣬻ԵûĻԵȴǽˡ
һľϲҲΪһ㣬Ϊǿš
Ȼһ֮δ֮޵УǺ϶֮ţǾܺɨķ
طҲΪǣˣԷǳ٣ҪȡǬͼѾ£
ʱȡǬͼ֮һѪȡԵʱֱӽ֮ôһд赲ǻýĻԵ
˶ţģֵмʵӹ֮ˣ
˵Уǵһ֮е֮˵һˣʵҲ˵ãˣǿΪСŮü
üòƵ󣬶ӵʵǴǵƣܸܵʮֵ
û˵ֵʮֵĳȣ֮ȴ˲̲ס뿪ɷΧ֮ڡ
ˣ˳ơɷֵܡĳԺǿߣԺȴسŵüߣʲôƣڵõ˵ĳŵ֮Ҳ̫Կ
֮⣬һȺȺǿߣǾѾռ䡣
ȻкԼһʼѡǰķͬˣЩˣûһʵܲ
ǵĿܼ꣬򵥣ֻΪǬͼ
ǬͼʼԵǵԺ֮еʱ򣬾ѾʶãΪǬͼӰҲ˸Ժ֮й
һÿ˵ĿģԣǾǬͼ
ֻǣǬͼֻһݣ֮ˣȴ֮࣡


539 Ԫ֮
¹˭֣δ֪

ǰһɽų֮ɽĵط
ʵһ·壬һɽһι״ʯͷѻľɽ
ɽɽܣããһַɽĸо
ɽɽܣ
Ȼģ׾ôľãεǬͼᣬȻޱȵգ
ߵѩҲͬɽҲþû
ɽϰ׸̾
ǰѶȺܴ󣬶ңˣƺ治أѩҲмּɵ˵
ʱԶһһŮˣˡ
ˣ׶˵Ŀ⣬ƺ˼ֵļɵ벻м۹⣬ƺɸߴ״ĸоһ㡣
׵Ĵ֮пһݱ벻мȻģǿ˶Է֮мǿҵš
ͬЦĵʵûиһҲδرҵĶ֣ʥ˵ܣʵȻ˵ãȴҲɣ
һ̣ȴûĶ֣£κȶ֣ܵв
ⲻ˵֣֮ܶɽǰǿ٣ȳͷ֮ˣҲĿ죡
ţȴɵĺȥ
̵ְ̬ãȻÿ˶Ҳ뷨
ˣҪľǣ˭ܸص̵֣
֮⣬벶ȸں飬Ըôȥԣһܹؼ顣
ԽǿɽԽܸܵڶ˵ʵ
ɽ֮ǰ׺ѩͬʱͣ˲
Ȼɷϵǣɽײη壬ȴһȥɽ
ǬͼⶫҪȡſԵõģǿԵ
˻ԵǽǬͼˣҲʧȥ
ԭΪ˲ֱ࣬ڣŷ֣뷨ʵǴش
ȷʵ࣬ÿһʵСȽϽ˶ԣȷʵࡣ
ٰǿߵĿҲѾǲˡ
еĴ󲿷ˣ׻ǺаնԸģˣȴЩɵ
θ֣ಢ࣬ʲôʲôꡢ֮ʮֵĶࡣ
һ֮⣬ʲôħ֮Ҳ١
Զԣ෴ϡټ֡
ЩȫĮӡ
İʱ䣬һֱûʲôȥɽȻԸʵ˵ãȴҲͬṳ̂ʯɽ
ûȥһ̤ɽ֮ˣȥ޻أһ͵ϵ壬֮дѶġ
֮У֮ǰȥ̽ҪôʧҪôѶȫޣŻ˼ڲԣɫ䣬Ҳ޷̽ʲô
ٵ˰ʱ䣬ȴԽԽˣɽ͵ԱߣѾۼ˽ʮˡ
ʱɽڶˡ
Ƿ˾޴ĵһ㣬ɽɲ޴ʯͷҡţƺҪһ㣬ʵȴûһССʯͷ쳣
ʱһ޴İ׹⣬̳ɳһ֮·׵˵ǰ
Ĺâǰ˶һصıѹƵĸоƺ״̬£κε޷һ
Ըʵ˵ã룬ǵһ̤̳ɳ·ϡ
ֻ˲䣬ɫͬʱһ԰ףͷͬʱԵĺˮ
һ̤â̳ɵ·ǱûٶССһˡ
ǣҲûܵʲô
̤̳ɵ·൱ֱ̤Ǭͼ·
ƺ͸̳ɳ·ѰǬͼӰӣһ̣˶һ㣬׷״æ̤â֮·
Щ˵ĽȻһ޶ȻƺܵĳֽƵѹ
ѩһۣҲûԥһ̤ǰĹâ֮·
һ̤ϣԪȻܵһɾ޴ѹ
ѹõϣõԪϵģ
Ԫûʵ壬ǲܵκεѹѹȴ
׵һͣ˲䱻ѹѹȵĹ⧲һ£ȷʵޱȺ
ʱվûģʵԽǿ
֪һ֮󣬲һģʧȥƽһ£ȻźǱվ
ѩ֪Ϊ˲ɣɫ죬ʱԼ׵Ĵ㡣
ʱ׶˲ԶˣĿ֮жһݲһֻɣĿ֮УȴٴŲм֮ɫ

ѹСһԪģ֮ǿֱġ
ʱ˶ѹǰȥٶȻޱȡ
ÿˣнȥ˶ǬͼҲûսôĿǬͼʧ
ֻĻ֮еѹʵ̫ھˣԪԵֵѾ˵ãҪٷȥɱˣѶȿ֪ˣ
£ÿݶͷӿ˳
ԼòĶҪҪֹ˵õˣ
״˿ͷ󺹣˫Ȳƺվվȡ
ߣѩҧţһ׵֣һַ׵Ȼ׵壬Ŭǰš
˸ߣʮֵļѣ
ʵϣĵײף飬Ͳô¡
ԪĿ飬˵ʱ򣬻׺ѩЩǱڷʥ鵤֮ʥ鵤ҩЧ»ѹȫԿ⡣
ԣѩоѹʵ
˵ѹʮֵС
׶ԣƬػܲκεѹ
ڣֳܱ̫ðͷĻΪʸ֮ģ
˼ţ˵Ĵ㣬Ե£һ
ѩƺӦʲôһ㣬ʱղźΣҲЩڣĸоЩ֪


540 ·
·֮ϣƺʮֵƽʵϣÿ˶֪һ̣꼴١
̳ɵĵ·ϣÿ˼ͷ˼һЩļƲߣһЩصıԡ
ףҲͬˡ
·ϣûκѡԵģǱƻɱ
֪ڱֵԽǲԽǰȫ
ңûĽǶ˵ʵУΪԣԲûе׿ʮֵС
ѩȻֶθӵټʾǶ˵ϣĿʮֵ΢С
һЩˣٶֳһʵҲ֡
ԪĹâ˵ޱȣÿ˼ȫѹƵģʱ򣬹ɽȡõЧͬģһ֣񲻵ͬĹ
Ҳû³֣ȻǱڵвȫɱϸһ룬Ҳף£ҲþѩܵѹСЩ˳ܵѹСֻͬضѡ
ңڱ¶ǿʵ̵ֻӡȻԼɵ
޷жƺ񾭲һĹâʲôʱʧڰԾͬʱѾȫ׼
˼ͬĲһĳǰţ޴ѹեڵ
ÿ˶ڼš
ɽԽǽΪĿԾԽǿ
£ÿҲƴŬǰеٶȡ
ȶԣ׶ߵļѣǵ·ƺܵ⣬Ϊ·Ǭͼĵطƺ̫Զ
Ƚ˶ԣ·ľѾ˽һľ룡
ĲĻôµľϵĳȥȡǬͼģѩס
ǣԶԶǿô򵥵ġ
ѩɫҲûм٣෴ٶ΢˼֡
ͬģѩҲˣֵĻ˼֣Եøв
Ȼ֣ĳЩУǳΪ˲мЦĶ
ֻǣˣ׶˾ĿһۣĿ֮ûӣмּɵ֮ɫ
ʱţתۼ䣬еˣǬͼ֮ء
ǾʱȿǬͼһ׵ӣȴǺȻͣȻâ֮·ڵĺţƺв
֮ľԶ˿ͣȻûηǰŲƶȥ
ٶȻ죬ҲѾ൱ͨٶˡ
ٶ֮£Ҫ׵ľ룬ѶȻ
ֻЩ˿һ׵ľʱ򣬺ȻһȻݺݵĹǹâ֮·ϣţǰһ
ˣǺǲĿЩһۣȻЩȻһԽǰ׵ľ룬һޡ
һһЩ˾Щˣڿ׵ĵطͣȻĵҩ֮ģӽĻָ
˿̣Щ޴ѹѹȵĹˣǾôſ˹·֮ϣȻ󣬳Ǭͼĳǿ۾죬һ㣬ڹ·ţٶȾû¶٣
һеĶ֮˶һ£Ȼԭ򶨵Σ׷׻æһС
һΣÿ˶ʵĲͷ˿֨Ŀֲıѹе̫ֱӵıѪ⣬ͷȣ˺üΡ
ѩͬУֻǲڹ·еġ
Ȼûи̫ܵѹѩܵѹЩˡ
ʵĸܴǿԪѹѩڵһµʱҲһЩվȡ
Ϊ˱ֵһЩѩֱӵǱˤڵϣͷҲ˴֮
һ̣ѩֵĵطԼĴݳһ˿˿Ƭ
Ȼ죬ǿѹ£ѩѾЩ֧£ѩܵѹҲȻš

սΣգſʼѡ
׾룬Ƽ򵥣ʵޱȡ
·ֻôľ룬УȴͬһƤǣɵ·һ
Աߵգǹʯ᾵磬ͻأ
׷Χ֮ڣÿǰһѹ
Ȼֲ֮ܿˣǴ֮ˣͷǲġ
ǣؼѹֻǿʼѡ
ǬͼϾѡΪ֮ˣһ˼򵥵ı˶ã
ֻһ̣ɫȻһͬʱ͵ѩ֣Ȼѹ͵ӣͬʱ͵һ

ʱĹɼȻ׶ͷɹ
ͬʱҺ֮
ۡ
ۡ



һʱ䣬Ұ׵Ĺ֮УѪɣѪ
ԪֱӱɼУȻ˿ǲ˻Ԫ𾪺Ȼ֮
ѩܹܵɫҲһķ
ֲֻֿ͵Ϯ֪̺ıըͻжôǿ
ѩһȫı֮ǰ״ǿǿıܣŽΣ侲˹ȥ
ǺȻĹȻֻһΣ
ѩ֣ûɿ
֪ûƬ֮еά֣Ӵѹ֮£׺ѩûʲôʱҲǵȴѣ
ͬģȻ׹ɼ֮ɲǣķɼɢٶȣֲ˶޷Ӧĳ̶ȡ
˿ûлɣķɽУĻᡣ
ͬһʱ̣ڴݳһʹѩͬʱĹ·ࡣ
˵գһֺֻŷ˹·֮ϣʱķɼһֱ۲
亹ɭɭͬʱֱһϵ˹·֮ϡ


541 Ǭͼ1
ȻջԷɹȥûѹ£ײ볢ԡ
Ϊ߹·ȡǬͼǹɣ淴ͶȡȡǬͼֳͷӵĿֲ
ײ룬ǲǹ·УڵĹҲͲôˡ
ҲãֻСĵӦʱΣա
ǰɫĹѾתΪѪɫĹȻɫˣƺԿ켣ˣѪɫĹٶȸֲ
һɼôҺ֮в
ЩɱģԶһǿߣЩ˵ʵףҲмּɵ

ڣƺһ۴ԲŮѾܲסѹˣѹ£ȥֲٶȵķɼƺøûȥϣ
ˣһȻŹ·֮µᾹʯȥ
ǣûеǾʯ棬ʯͷϣʱȻѪɫĻ棡

֮һ̣ĻϯϣֱӵĽŮȻɶ¡
͡
ǣҪӽڵĹ·ˡ
һĻеɫˡ
Ů֮У˲Ԫû⡣
𺣵˵Ԫ֮ƺַٵķչļ󣬿˼ɵ֮
ʱһѪȻЩ˴æܣһĲȣҲȥ
ʱķ賤
ã
ڵĹ·ȻҪ֣ҲҪôһ㣬˲䣬Χߡ
װȥˡ
ɫȻת䣬һ̣ƱػԱ¶ȻˣôңŪ֣

ײҺһƺϯȥʵϣһ֮ǰѾ뿪Ǭͼľ

ײҺһ֮סѩ֣˲ٶҲͬʱﵽ˼£
һƺ˸ѹ͸Ѫɫɼ
ͬһӿķɼͬѪɫһϯգĻ棬𽥵İеĹ·
ʱ˶ûʵˣҲûĶˡ
ȻٶȲ죬ǰ׵ľ룬¶ԶĲࣿ
һ̣Ĺ˶ûʵˡ
׶˲ǬͼߣȻ󼸺ͬʱģݶƬĿռػ׽Ե˲䴫˴ѩȻѩ͵Ǭͼȥ
ֻǣʱ򣬸սǬͼѩɫȻһ䣬ͬʱȫķ˽ǬͼȡеĶ˲׷ɶݵһߡ
·˽ǬͼԱߣһĿռ䡣
ѾûκεѪɫɼҲûκεԪ֮ѹûκѪɫĻв
վѩ廹Щϣ¶־֮ɫ亹Ҳʪ͸
֪ǬͼǿĽƣǼ򵥵ľȡģ˲ûѩ
׸ףѩ飬ȻǲκεĹǵġ
ȻĻǾһҪôǬͼίʵΣˡ
һΣʵûס¶˳Ҳû̵νǺʧܵˡ
Ҳʲôƽѩ
һ̣Ҳͬʱ֮У֮֮Щ˵һĿ꣬ͬǬͼ
Щ֮УҲˡ
Ҳ൱Ը൱ƻ֮󣬵һ۲ǿǬͼǼ׶ˡ
в֮ɫһţˣĿȴǻһ£ƺЩģ
׶ˣʮּɵˣ˵ı飬׻ЩΪڵġ
ŮĿעӣĿ⣬׾ƺһ㡣
֪ҪôŮ̫ǿҪôŮЩû˽ᡣ
׸ǰߣΪ磬һ֮ǰļǻָģʶŮӵĻҲõȵڻˡ
Ҫ˵⿴Ů̫ǿĻǲġ
˵Ҳ΢΢֮󣬾ȻûгǬͼȥǳ߷˹
Ȼȴǲ
˿̣һɫս׵ĸӣԡѪǬͼ˹ȥ
ĿֲǬͼǰɲǣдϲʱһ͵ץ档
ѪҲʱǬͼӿȥ
ֻץסǬͼǸɲǣȻȻһ£Ȼһɲǣɫϡ
ۡ
һھ޴Ѫ͵ʱ壬Ѫɫٶȣ͵ĵŷ˳ȥ
ٶȣֱͬǿֲ֮ģ
ء
ɽһ֮£ҵĲһ¡
Ǹӣ˿ײԶɽʯϣ飬Ѫɣ֮
ǬͼϵѪ˿ͬˮˮһ㣬͡һ죬ΪޣȻʧˡ
һУָֻƽ
˾ÿĿȵĶǬͼÿˣȴûٸ֡
׺ѩ˿Ҳͬɵ׳֡
λ֪ôƺ
˹ʵ
ҲòϣʮֵĺʮֵľȻ
ȻǷԱĹʣһ궼Ϊ֮ġ
΢΢һЦףѩ
΢΢ԭסѩѣˣҷС
΢΢ͷʲôĿģ˵ɡ
΢΢һͣһۣ㲻˵ˡ
Ŀ⵭ȻĿһۣȻʵǺһ£Ǭͼ顣
ЦܸʲôҪʲô
û׵ЦܸĴֻۣҪȡǬͼұ˰ȫ뿪
ɫƽţ
ҲмأǬͼѶȼ󣬶ˣȻʮʵ˵ã
֮⣬ѩȻ
ԣֻǵЦЦȻ΢΢һʥ˵ʶ΢ѹһ£
ױǰȻ֮ˣΪߵıǱ߰񣬶֮ǰȻѾ¶ˣǱҲνٱ¶һˡ
ң˫վһƽȵĵλᱻ˵ڻҡ
һȻġ
׵Ŀ⣬ûбѹĿ֮оһ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ɫȻʮֵƽĵʵѾ˰ˣǿƽȵ̸ˡ
е侲Ǹ׸Ǽɵ֮Ĵ
Ǳʥѹסˣ׾ͲģûеĻôʵȻ˵ã
ҲѹôȻΪôˣ
׶ڴ˵ʮֵļɵ֪аˣһżֽݵʱġ
˶ǰĻ˵ĵȻ̬֮£׾ãԷԶڴˡ
ֻǣȻ֪ͶԷˣڶǿ֮Уһǿĺ·
Ǵ˿̣Ȼ޷Ŵˡ
Ȼ˵һǿߣʮŵԣΣ
ױܵΣУҲǰ֮ˣΪ֮ǰԼСԷӣһԼǿˣԷҪԼĴӦˡ
ȻһЦˣ̨óǬͼĻ˵ǳȥǱͨ߻굺Ҳǲ⡣
ĻԵȻҲֲڷ䡣
еɫȻѿ˼֣
ɫһȻ͵һ䣬ˣߣ
ЩźĿһۣȻԲ𡭡
׵ͷ΢΢һԶȥıӰ¶˼ı顣
ױжԷվסϸһ룬˵ԷİǾʹվסڶԷͳһˣһεǬͼԼӦѩĶѵô˲ɣ


542 Ǭͼ2
׾ʹ˴˺ͷ
ѩһۣĿ֮΢΢¶ο֮ɫ˵ʵôǿʵֻҪܰȫ뿪ҲѾܲˡ
ЦЦ޷ȻţȻЩģĽƶǶԻʮ˵ãǶҶԣȴôѣ֮ͬǰ˵һ㣬Ҫﰲȫ뿪ɡ
ҴӦ飬ǻΪ쵽ҵİȫһͷĺˡ
ŵЦݣѩ΢΢Ρ
ѩֳ˿˵ģҲ̲סһĶ
ѩȷʵ̫ɰˣҲ
ֻǣҲֻĵĶ࿴ۣȨķ羰һ㡣
ƬⶫţƬ޷ƣҪԭ򣬲ײ룬ǻԵ
ƬȻǳΪʥ˵ôЧȻʮֵľˡ
ҲˣײִŵҪƬȻΪȡԵΪ˲Ͷ·
׶ǬͼȻֿ˿ѩƬѵĴݵڣʹڤɣǬͼ£
ѩ䲻֪ʲô뷨׵ĻǺεģȥҲԥġ
ңѩ֪飬ȻĪĺô
ˣѩԥĳˡ
һ޴Ӱʱ׵ԣֻǳǬͼ͵һɣǬͼͷ˻
ѩɵǬͼһɲǣֱӿƬȻǬͼ
ȻǬͼԭ޴ѩǵƬʱǬͼȻѸٵʵ
ˣǬͼƬ֮УʱʮֵĹɣͬʱ˳ģͺñǺӼĸһ㣡
֪ѵãǳѪ죡
ѩһ˵ķжȻεľѪʮֵ˳Ƭ̣Ǭͼȫıѩȡ
һеḶ́򵥵Щ𾪣
ԭ˼ǬͼȻȡˣЩޣͬʱҲֻͷǴ˿̣ǬͼѩȻȡҶԷƺûʲô쳣ıֵʱ˱㶼ˡ
ۺˣ
ɣ
ˣŭĳɱǿ׶˵ʵ΢ġ
ףһ̣׼ѾõĽֲľ磬콣죬Ȼ
ݡ
һ޴Ĺ⽣׵ǰȻǰȥ޴Ԫ񹥻ԼӴޱȵƣ֮ɽĵطʹ˶Ϊ֮һ͡
ԭΣ֮ȻûʲôƣǿռҲ쳣ĲȶһʹĿռѣѪɫĻʱ˽


һʱ䣬˶ʱֱǿ֪ġ
콣һʱױѩֱӵķɶݶ
صǹâ֮·ʱײûиоѹȸУоһеĸо
оȴѩϴݹġ
ɻѩ΢΢һЦƺܵĵ֪ô뿪ˣ׼ãҿʱ뿪
ѩ˵ţûз֮⣬ʱס׵֣ȻֱӵһŲơ

Хתۼ䣬ŷ֣ԼѩѾص
ЩΪˣ
ѩ΢΢Щĵûкܶණûü򣬲ʵȷʵ˺ܶˡ
֪Եڱѩãֻʱ䳤̶ѡ
ϾҪõǬͼȻһٳΪҲЩʵġ
ǬͼӦָȴһ͡
Ҳ֪ǽǬͼ֮в򣬺ܿ죬ѩΪ
һǿͬΣսСһĳ̶ˣʱ߻굺Ҳƾ˴ˡ
ڻȥǣȻһɹ߻굺ĽųȥҲڵĵ򣬶ܴ
ԣֻǼǿ˲ʵȻܺͽһͬ߻굺
ѩᶨ˵
ΪжҲЩοĵˣίˡ
ѩһ٣˵ʲôأ

ѩڣѾȫĲˣܿģ˱㴩ԽĽƣ˵ڶռռϢ
֮Ȫ
Ƭǳĵط׶˶ûиоʲôΣС
˻ûκԥĽ֮Ȫ
ΪǬͼʧ֮Ľ֮Ҳ֮ЩǿûǷĸ
Ȼѩη壬ǱϾЩǿߵĿ֮࣬˻Щ鷳ġ
Ȼ˲٣ٻаʮҵĳǿߣʵǺͷʹ
ײԸЩ鷳СĽͬʱѩҲǷɿǰš
֮ȪķΧڣȻһٵľ
ٻ޵Σǣɽˮɽˮȵȣʮд⡣
ȷʵûʲôΣУң֮׼˲ƾƬĸӦܵľ޴
ΨһĻԪ޷Ӧ͸ƬģֱӵĿ϶ˣ֮Ȫ
֮Ȫʮǿʮֵپ
ܸӦĵѩܸӦ
ѩ׿ȫƬػˣϾǬͼȱѾȫʲôˡ
˼ͬʱĳһȥ
Ƭ̣׺ѩ֮ȪķΧ
ʮֵŨͬɽȪһ֮ȪȪۣ˸뵵ɫԵʮֵš
ȪˮŨ̶ȺܸߣȻ࣬Ƕ֮˵壬Ǵġ
һȻȪҺ׺ѩǴϲ


543 ֮Ȫ1
漴Ȼͬʱ̽Եȡһԡ
ȻలµģǣױóʮƿÿƿʢװһЩȪҺ
㣬ܿ㽫ĽҺˡ
ҺɺԣȪҲʱĿή
Ȫʱήİٻ޵ľҲȻʧ
һƬããʱ׶˵ǲ˷ֱһƿȪˮ֮󣬱͵ض
󷨣˴˿̰ããǱޣĪĺô

֮ȪȪˮһ֮һµĸо
ǰһ磬׵ͷһƬ
ָоͺӤصĸĻһ꣬浾ů
ָоһ˯ĳ嶯
ֻһڱܵĳ嶯Ϊָоʹǰһƿ֮ȪȪˮ뵽ĲҪ˲ĺȵȥ
ǵģһֺȻͷǿңҲֱӡ
뷨һ֣׵˲Ĳһ£̺ģƺһķ
ƺǰŵ
İ򣬶ַļ£˲Ľʵĳ̶ȣ
ﵽ۴ԲεĽӴıԵ˵ķ򣬲ԵҪ
״˿뵽ģ֮Ȫ塣
֮ȪΪһֿ飬γֲһֶԵĿ飿
γֲһֶڲԵϵĿ飿
׺ȻЩףЩ飬Ƕǿߵһֿ飬ǶԵߵһƶһѡ
ͺñȣлԵˣܵõɳõսõ
ûлԵˣǿԵͬʱҲõȴǻΪʧȥԪ
һ֮ͷ˲١
֪ؼ㣬ôԣԵ˲١
̬һȻһˡ
ͬģ̬ϵĲ࣬Ҳ˳ɾϵĲ࣡
Ȼֶʮֵļ򵥣飬򣬶ˣ
ʮֵļ򵥣ûж֮ǰּ򵥵Ķȴǧѵġ
Եı仯ǻԵûʲôԡ
׶ǰ֮ȪȻ߲ܵһɹɵĴųһ̬ܷţԵʮֵĹ졣
ǰоĴųȫͬģΪų׸ܵʱȴһ顣
˿̣ѩŶͬʱ֮Ȫϵע룬γ˲ƽ⡣
ƺų岻£˸룬ôͽ׵ͻ𽥵ıȡ
ȻѩȻܺãǴ󲿷֮ȪȴǱˡ
һ֮ȪȻγһǿߵˣ
֮ȪȻԷۻӵľӵǿ
лȻ򣬶ʱ׵һ£
Ǿǣֻ䣬ʵı仯ʵı仯ȴǸıĸ
֮ȪıģΪ
ͺñһͨˣȻûоȴϴ裬쾳һ
ȻϣȻûʲôʵһʼǽǷǳĿֲģ
ΪĹ֮УҪۻԵʣ
ˣ׶ָķһ
ͬһʱ̣Ҳע⵽֮ȪϷʽ׵Ӧ£֮ȪDNA˫ṹһ㻥ƣȻʹ伸Ϣģ
ƻ˲䣬Щϣѣγ˫˫ṹ
ֻظʹͬʱид
һʱ޷֮Ȫ壬ȴ˲˫ṹ
ΪĸӦϷʽˣֻһεĶջ񼫴
֮Ȫİ壬ɽʹȫδϸ
ֻҪһЩҪٵϸ˲䱻ĨɱױԶûнĽ֣
ˣײžһεջ˵ã
ûϷ֮ȪЧɽȻԼϸзʽγ֮ȪϷʽ
ȻƬ̣ױо˾޴ȫ
ͬģָоȫ꣬ʮֵ
һ׶ʱıǣͬʱȫûк֮ǵĶһ壬Ȼ΢΢˼ʱֱӵķһֲͷ
һ壬һֱֵۡ
һˣʱ֮ڣ޷ָ嵽ѵĳ̶ȵġ
û˼ԥֳᶨ֮ɫͬʱĿһ
ͬʱһصƺ֮׿дʱǱһʺѪ
ֻǣһ̣΢΢һȻ֮ȪϷʽȻȻʹ˲ȫĸܵ˿е
ˣһ̣ĸܵļı仯ԭѵԪأԼ˿ֲٶµȻڱ仯Ȼָ
ٶȣڲһӵʱˣ
ȻЩ̫ӦǱʵȴһ㶼ûˣ
һ׶֮ȪϷʽľϲˡ
һϣ뵽˸Ϸʽ
ѧȷԣƺڰ֮Ϸʽ
ʥˣϿʼ
ôϣˣ
⣬γֲһ
ţǰһƿ֮ȪȪˮʱȫĳϣ
һƿ֮ȪȻȫ滻ıᷢʲôı仯


544 ֮Ȫ2
ߣѩѾ׵ĶˣЩɵףƺΪʮֵĲ⡣
ģԵʮֵĿɰ
׼㣬¶º͵Цݡ
ѩ΢Цͷ΢΢һƫЩĽһȻԲһΪЩ⡣
ڿº͵ĿʱݲѹȥȻѩٴ
˴ͷβû˵ʲô໥֮䣬ȴһղ顣
΢΢ȻԥĽһƿƿȫС
ƿ֮ȪȪˮˣҲһֿԶ걾ʽǿһҺ
ֱƿһȻֱӽ̷¡
һɱĸоֱӵĴӿ͸ڣȻ𽥵Ĵӱ֮͸һȵϢ
ͺñȺȻһڱ֮ĳϾһڱ̹ǣƬ֮һ͵Ȼڱ˿ͣ˵ǿ
ֻˬ֮Ĵ̼ĸоĴ̼ģʹļ⣬˲Щ˿޷ڸͬȡ˱ƬһĿĸо
һƮͬڻþ֮гεĸоôʵУ
ˬļҪ˻ʱᵽ֮Ȫľ޴˵˼Ӱжôǿ
ֻǣȻʮֵĿ⣬ײûг֮УѸٵȻʼһ˼ķΧ֮С
˼һֶ֮ȪķĶУȻַѾһֻȻĸоֻҪӡ֤һ£ȫĿԽ֮ȪҺȫˡ
ţΪһ㣬Ϊ佣̺ǿ
ԣĹ֮Уȫ侲ͬʱԼԪҲϸ΢ƿ
Һڿʼõʱ򣬽ҲȫĻӷɢʱʱҲҪġ
ˣһҺõʱױѾʽԪ˫һĽṹµ
Ȼʽ˲䣬ʹ֮ȪҺͬȫĻصĸ׵Ļһ㣬ʮֵ˳ʮֵڲٿء
ˣ״˿ĽЩ֮ȪϵĸԼ塣
̣ɵԼԤϣ

˿˿亹¡ļĸʹ࣬Щġ
ȻʱḺ̺́ʹ࣬ʱʹ࣬ȴš
ȫһľΣ֪һ֮ʵᷢ츲صı仯
ңı仯֮óԼ֮
һ룬һϵķʽ֮ôȫıɱˣΪֻҪ˲佫еϸɱôһɲǣǿ
ı⣬ʵ̫ˣײ÷棬ȴĶˡ
һ˲䣬ȡؼеԪأȻγ壬ֱͨǿ
ʱ䲻̵ţһƿ֮ȪģȻûȫķãⲢ֮ȪӷˣԸı׵ıʡ
ǣţڶƿƿһֱʮƿ׵Ԫ񣬲ŵʱ䣡
һ̣Ҳϡ
˿̣׵ϣ˸׵֮
ͬʱţɽʽȻ𽥵ܻһĻͼΣͼ֮УȻ䣬ƬȻںϵͼ֮УȻ漴òͬ
һУѾȫ޶ˡ
һΣᵽЩһˡ
ţǿ󣬻ǻ
ǣ
һֽӽ޵ĸоһ
˵֮ǰܣô֮󣬱Ѿȫ־ˡ
ĸо֮У˸ɫ绡˫ۣ˿ȻĿ⣬ڻǲͬˡ
ʲôǾ磿
׵ЦЦƬĿռǻͼںϵʱ׿˺ܶ࣬Ҳú
ףǲֹģʥˣΣ
һһʼֹ
ĴΪġ
νΣΪˡ
˵Ƕ򣬻׺ȻоһεĻԵѾҵˣǾ֮Ȫ塣
壬ǿԴġ
߻굺νĻԵʵ֮Ȫ֮Уһڵ߲ĵ֮С
û˭涨һб谴趨ֻ˶˵뵱Ȼѡ
ĺȻףԴһУеķ򣬶ֻܻҪܻķǲͬģͻͬķ

ˣһ㶼ǧˣ
ѩм־ϲм־ȵ˵
ԣһΣѩҲо׵Ĳͬ
ԣҲֻ΢΢һЦȻǧ꣬û뵽һξ͹ȥǧˡ
󣬿˿ѩֵѾĻԵˣ׼ǰ𣿡
ѩЩĵ֮Ȫ̫ǿȻҲ򣬵ǧʱ䣬ǲĶˣڸߵ׷ѩлʮֵģѩһȤ
ԣ΢΢ͷţ֮·ֹֻȷŻŲǱ޵Ȥ
İɣ߻굺ҶԣҲʲôΣˣĵȥɡ
ѩ׵ݣĿЩճյģƬ̺Ȼ׵ĻףģԶģһҾ֮·һǻġ
˵ţѩ׵һ£ģȵģģġ
ĿƽºͣѩĿ˼簮
ţǻټĻԵġ

ѩ뿪ˣֱӴʧ硣
ףȴȻ֮ȪԱߣĿƽż˼
Ȼ䣬ĿһȻ͵ضطȻ֮ǰʶ֮ȪȪ֮
˫ʽϵת


545 Ů塾ȫ꡿
٣׵ȫһɫĹâ֮С
׵ߣһ̣ڤ޺
޴ĺǧˣѸٵ̲ȴ˿
ãˮȥڤ޺˳ţһ޼ʵľ޺ôƽô
ţڤ޺һɢˣȻûκεķӦ
ڤ޺ʧ˫޵֡
˫޵һƺֳŮֳһ˫죬壬һҵգʮֵŨҡ
֮УŹȥǿߵĻҲ߰ĲӰҲڽŵҶƺδӰ
ŮȺȴͬ޷׵
֮䣬׿ԼߣѾѾڣѩѩˡңѡ顢ãз˿ܿңȵŮǳĳǰÿһ˶Ľģܻӭһ㡭
Ŀ峺һ㣬˿ᡣ
ѾΪЩħþѾԺ顣
ұģȼ飬кã
׶ǰĻþ˵
һ仰֮ƽĿǰһлþʧɢΡ
ЩþȫãһʵͶӰһţôǾͻʵĴڡ
ȴ׽һп͸Ϊľ֮£ѾȫĺͽΪһ塣
ʱ׵Ķ򣬷̡
ʲôǽ
Ȼǵ
Ǽ򵥵ģķȴǸӵġ
ָӣǲΪֻҪ˴ĸôٸӵĶ
ʵҲһּ򵥵ĴһֺʹںϣΪĴĵ

˫޵ʧˣ쵶ˡ
絶ɱ
쵶ĹҲ쵶Լ֮
쵶ɱ¾֮Եķ򣬻
Ȼ΢΢ЩˣǽΪɻ
׿ʼ
Ȼ֮ȪȪۣ߻굺ȴߡ
ǧ֮ݺύնɱǧһǿǿơ
֮֮бɱ¾Σ֮УȻĸо
˵Ԫ𣬼Ϊ
֮У̺ķһ֡
׻Ϊ㲩֮Уôеһļӳ֣ѾԺһˡ
õʱ֮쵶Ҳʧˡ
쵶ʧ³֡
£һ㣬Ҫ˳١
һƵ£µȣɲ
ܴ֮£ͬɫԨ֮һĿֲĴڣߣԪɢʧΡ
һΣվ±ߣ±ߣվϤˡ
һΣ˼ҲѾѾ˵ˡ
ˣܶ࣬ܶࡣ
˼ףĿʹ࣬ϱЩʧͲ԰ףǷϡ
˼лȻȻһĶֻϲԸͺ˫һΣ˾ľ޷ĺøУȥҲûʲô˼ˡ
Բף֮ٱ
ĮȻĿһС
ʱ޻˵
νԣ˿̣ĶİȴҲ޷󱲵ľ
½
ڲ֮׵̬ˡ
֪ƴ˵˳Ҳܰһӡ
˼ˣɽ֮£ܳһźڻ˼ڻ֮ʧˡ

֣ԩħ̫ǿɱ˺ѣΪһⱻԩħ
ʹ˵漴Ҳ¡
ףѾѾܳΪֻۣнĽɢһҡ
˶޷Զħ䣬ѩںʧܣΨһͬھ

ˣƺھ£е˶ˡ
һ̣׺Ȼһ߻굺еȫۻϡ
һεȻ䱬˳
ƬеһȫкȻ飬ɢΪޡ
նɷɵԼеķ˲ȫʧ
Ŀһһɾ춯صƣȻż˳ޱǿԼİ壬˿̣أ
Ȼ䣬ؼ䶸Ȼʮââʮ飡
˿̣ʮԭѾʧ˿ȴǺȻʮ飬ѸٵĽ׵ڣ
ͬʱﾫѪݡʯʥȵȣжȫʧã
һ̣ƺ͵һֳںһ㣬ƺص˲λһ㣡
֪һ̣ԲĽЩؼĶѰ˳
ԽԽ壡
׺Ȼȵ壬ȫһ޴ĻƽɫĹâ貵ķɽȻɽֱӴ֮һΪ
ǡ
ضɽҡرɫ
ʱ磬Ѿֳ֣֮·ȫ¶˳һȴȻڳ
𵴡
ʱƺ˻ȥͬʱ֮ǰɱһĻȫĵ˻ȥ
׵ӰڷɽϣĿɭȻ
ҵ˵ʵþһҵǣʵǸ֮
ҹͣһҵĵߣҽǻҷ𣡡
ʱ֮У֣֮ƺڶںϣͬ޴Ĺһ
ǣЩδ֣ʱȫʧˡ
ɫķɽݺύң
׵ƺҲ˲ޱȵ

£쵶߻굺һȫʧˡ
֮·ϣ类һΪ֮мһ޴ĺڰռ䡣
ռ䣬˿̵̺עܻ֮һƬռ䡣
ռΪڰɡ
ں֮У׼죬ȴǷ֣һƬĿռ䣬ռڲж꺣ȽϤĿռ䡣
΢΢Ȼ漴ǰ
Ҳƽʲô
ʮĻع飬벻ľѪȵȵĳ֣ʥȵȵķĳ֣׺Ȼ׵һ¡
λȫֹģֻﲻһռѡ
һԵﵽһеһУ˲
ʱ򣬽״ɣ򳹵Ҳһ˿̾
ڿԾܾľ޴ջʱ׼ƽȥʱһУȴںȻˡ
򡢻ԵԭһʵȻˣһĲĸо
ǣֺγˣǿĶǵòģһ̬ԲõõĶôĻˡ
һ̣ڳ׵֮Уһһ
νɽɽ
ڵӣ֮ڵӣס
ֻǣǿΣƿܻΣ
֮ģȻڣȻִš
ұɾһлԵ޷Ľᡣ
ĽᣬĽ֮жִΣ
ҺТĸҺֺѵ
ģҪģԼΪ趨һ壬Ȼ󲻶ϵ׷Ѱȥ
ıȴһҪ壬мֵ
ͺñѡûѡѰһһԲսϧ
Ȼ䣬漴ֵЦЦ
зɽѸٵ˸ϲ糹׷ӡ֮׿˿ɫϿգӦٱӦ˳Ӧͼӳֵ½ɣʵ񼫣
ұȨ棬ֻǴ˷ҼȻӦ٣㻹Ƚѡ
ʥ˽֮£ѾȫӡҲٸ룬ͳͳλʧֻ֮·ΪӦĹأ
ȺΪ֮ĪҪ֪ôʱ׺飡
쳹ھ֮ϡ
Ƭ̣һ˳ӦѺֶΣձ˽֮ʱӦ֮һ
һ֮УԹЩԹǿ󣬵ȴǲмһˡ
λ棬һ֣׵ʵʵǴڵģȻȱȫҲ˲ײ֪Щνǿߵķӡ
Բƣʮʮλײų׵һе
ԲʹʵӵǿŮ洺֮Ҳȫ塣
ֲεսϴһǻػһƬͨ˳֡
ףȻûʲô֮ģǲ˷ֶΡ
˸ķƿطܻ׵ʵȻǿ˲֪ʲôˣЩ˿Աġ
壬ԩħˣʮǿġ
ǽʮһʥͶӦʥ˵ľ磻ʮ𽣣ȴǶӦľ磡
ʮأԽ壬Ӧģȫǿߵˣ
־磬ѾһܻĴˣȻʲôȨߣʵȴЩȫˡ
ûֶΣЩǿǲ֪
ʱЩԹʥһ̣Ȼ֣ǵʵȻ䵹ΧߵĿռ䣬Ȼǣ˲Ļصȥ
ֻǼ򵥵ĳȡЩ˹ȥһƬΣȻȥԵһ£ǵΪ
ûա
ʱƺߴһ̣Ԫû֮·µֻء
Щʵ͵ԪֻأΪľ翪ʼֱٴԭΪ
ȻֶΣҲǶԴ׵ֶΣֱӽǿʵȡȻֻء
һϣλһЩô˳
ΪĲȫ棬ȻҲͬ״˿ֶ

ˣؼ䣬һ㱤ݡ
֮·ľͷһɽɽںڰ֮вܻн֮Ӿ顣
ԣɽΪŮɽɽ
νأ¡
ɽ۷֮һ߷壬Ӿ죬ƶˣΪŮ塣
ŮܣÿضĽգضǧķɽܻΪڰɽƲ֮Ϸ
ʱһΣ㵽¼ԪĹԪ2008ꡣ
һ죬һʮŮɽΣŮķϵʱüɽȥ
һĿɽ尡һƬƺɽϣ˼Ϥĺۼ
Ů壬壬ΪʲôеǸĿ̹ǵôأ
ŮĿм룬ʱǰ˸һ£ƺȻ䣬ǰһЩϢ
㡭
Ůɴ۾ǰǸƮݶݵ꣬૵˵
쳣ŮӣͬĿº͵Ŀ
㡭
ŮȻˣͷżǿҵĴˮʱģߡ
ȫ꣩
==========================================================================================
վС˵Уȫ-Уȫ-У޴TXTС˵أhttp://www.freexiaoshuo.com/
==========================================================================================